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1 ɽ
ӷ磬ʲôҶڵһأ
ͬѧӰɽɳӷȴɫ԰׵Zɽٲߣڴһֲֻͣͬѧʦҡš
ţҿϢһ°ɣСͲãסǼҹ¶ԺûʲôǮܲμεıҵѾܲˡһŮ˵
ǣϢһᣬɽɣһҪӰء
ͬѧǸͲΪӷһȫֹͣĻҲΪһ˶ˣӷ˵һȫɽȥ
ٲߵĳӷεĿЦԱ߼еˮϴ˰˵û£ͲôӦȺܵɽ⼸ҩûһ
תͷɽ·ӷ硰ι˼еǲôİɣȫˣҲһңɽðֻ꾫ⲡħСôסѽ
ӷʮ꣬Ǹ¶ԼûµʱͱZй¶Ժſڣǹ¶ԺԺȡ֣󣬹顣
Ū˰ɣӷ粻֪Լĸĸ˭ԼҲǳСͱССĲħţ춼Ҫҩ¶ԺҲû̫ǮҽԺȥƣһֱͿҩ֧š
ڳӷѧϰɼǳãεĸ߿ྩѧù¶ԺԺʮο
ǳӷǰıҵΪѵ⣬ѡZеɽӷǲģΪ֪ԼԳԲֲ뱻ͬѧСˣǾӲͷƤ˹
үҲҪ㽵ʲôθңԼ·ԼߣԼδԼȥգ鷳ˣ
ӷҡҡͷ˿Ȼˣܰ·ɽѽǣӷҪɽȥ
ףˮôпˮ
ڼ峺ˮУӷĿһˮˮȥҪˮȥղء
ԽԽ󣬽ˮ嵽ٲıԵӷò׸ˮٲǰ֣ɸҪذʱͻȻһӷһٲ
ӷٲµˮ̶ʱֻоˮ̶֮һԼڳӷΧٵγһУнųӷ磬ӷǰһڣ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãӷ绺۾ǰһƬģڳӷĶС֡ˮһЩˮӷĿС
ӷоԼ岢ûʲô󰭣ֲ˲Լ˫ۡ
ɵӷ˫ۿԿΧһʱȴ֣ԼȻһҶ֮У֮أһСˮأǡ֡ˮǴһ罣εʯϵģһˮˮղŵԼеģҲˮ
⣬ʲôطôˮжɣôɫģ
ӷվһ֮ǰԼΪ˼ˮǵٲΪʲôطأѵԼǴ˵еĵ
ѽԼ廹ֻĸоҲѽôﵽʲôطԼôģ
ӷɲٲûҶУҳʱͻȻԼһľ˵ϣһҲˣ
ѵЩˮж鷳ˣ¿ˣ
ӷдţСʱ򱻸ĸڹ¶ԺſûСԼûڵٲҲûڣᱻˮ
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һùʲô鶼пܷ
ձˮĻԣӷּһɫС߳Լ˹ɫСŰ׳ǳϸԼκ߶Ҫϸ˼ǣСͷϻһǣһ˫۾ΪɫŵĽ⡣
ҪǧҪһأ
ӷп࣬СôĵӷĻĵҲѽ
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ӷ¸һ룬֪ΪʲôԼ΢΢һóӷ粻ȻȻô£ôܶˡѵǣԶûһһ£ҵڣҵΪʲôôȡΪʲôô䡭ôһһȵġѽѽѽ
ӷϵֲҰѾʧˣʱȫһĻ죬һıףһɲ֪ҳһʹĳӷҶȥ
Ҷ֪жӷһ·ΧʯͣײţֵǣڳӷʯϺ󣬳ӷûио˿ʹһʯӷײһѺۡ
һСʱӷһһڽʧ󣬽ҲѾֹͣԼڵĵطȻΪһʯңһһɫʯγɵʯҡ
ʯɢɫ΢⣬΢ǴЩɫʯͷųģӷ綼Լ۾û뵽ȻĹ滹һΣصҶطȴƯңʯҵмλãһ񱮣ϵ֡
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˿̣ӷѾԼվվڰǰŰ̵֡
ڰдţ˶춴Ǳ۷֮ǰĵԵô˶ñС
ոտһΣεݾóӷһһ˫۾Ųţ˵춴ۣѵЩǴ˵еߣɵĴڣ
Լƽƽӷ粻ŵļŰϵ֡
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ڰǰӷԺţǾԶ뿪ĻҪõʱѽ
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⣬ӷȽ˵֮ľۻʾĹϤһ飬֪ĵһǿߵ壬һԸıߵʡ
ڶ󾳽ؼߵڻΪһҽǿ
󾳽飬ʶҲ˵Ҳ׳Ƶĵо
Ĵ󾳽޻꣬꣬޻ɺɵǹ룬ˮ𲻽ٶ֡
󾳽ǣǣһɣһħ֣޷
󾳽绯Ҳ׳ɵԪ񣬴ɺԪϣأԪνߵĵڶ
ߴ󾳽ɽ٣۷徳磬˶ɽٺڣףշ
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⣬ӷͷԭҲ˵Ŀ飬һ޷ɹףǾ·һˣɾˣӷҲò
ðɣ̶ʮأʲôҪһ£Ȼд˵ȻԵ۴УǾͲҪ˷ˡ


2 ɽ
ӷѾϤҶÿһ䣬һҶҵһҰΪʳÿԱӺͿʼľۻʾ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôӷ簴հϵķտʼʱ򣬾ѾоԼһ΢Сȵʱӷ粢̫⣬ųӷԽԽǿ׳ԾһʮʯͷҶʱӷ粻Ĳȥ룬Լ嵽ô£˵ʹԼǿżʱ䣬ӦûﲻκεЧŶѽ
ѵЩɫˮСߵĹϵ
յҶʱеֶ漴ԼһһȣܵʯУӷ׹ԭЩɫˮɫСԼֶԼ໥ںΪһ壬ԼγһʹԼ°빦ЧӦ
ֻɫˮʲôˮɫСʲôߣΪʲô߽Լ޺أӷȴ֪
벻ͨӷ粻˷ʱȥ룬ٹʱ䣬ӵеǹӷܿͽ˴ڵľ硣
ʱ򣬳ӷѾԾһʮʯͷˣһˮʯ֮·صֻÿʮףӷ綼ҪϢһᣬȻٽǳӷҲǰصĳ
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ڶʮ죬ڵĳӷѾԾһʮʯͷҶľҲԽԽԶˣһûио˿ۣɫ󣬲Ĳħ·ϳ⣬Ҳųӷ粻ˡ
һӷΪѾ˴ڣľۻʾƺҲѾһ롣
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ʵӷԼ֪춴Ѿһµʱ䣬յĵطҲͷֲʱ䣬ӷĲˣͻڰǰ˯˯һȴѾһ¡
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ľۻʾΪǿĹȴ˵ɵʱŶ߱ΪߵͶ仯ģҲ˵ӷΪԽߣľۻʾͻԽ
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ͻˣͻ˴ڣ磬ڿ뿪ؼȥˡ
Ҳ룬ϵһУӷѾļԺУû񱮣ӷͬҪľǾ뿪صȥ
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ʯŸرҲǰ۵˼κ˷춴Ĵڡ
ӷɽۣ֮˿ϵ·ǰףȴѾòˣͷңҰˡ
ڿԻؼˡ
ӷӰһɽ֮һѾɽ³һԲʯ㣬ûƬ̵ͣûаɽ·УɽеʯľһƬ֣ʮӣѾɽµһƬϡ
ӷļŻؼңɽҲûͣٴϽεأһʯǰʯΪţҲZеڣʯ֮ϣһйƶͨѶӣдţZлӭ


3 ӷ
ZйϷһС͵ĳУÿµĹҲǧǻǷǳõĵλУɼZеľ֮
¶ԺZеغӵشӷص¶Ժʱ㣬¶Ժڲһˣȫѧȥˡ
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ӷս¶Ժһ˵Լ
תֻһɫˣһҲǸս¶ԺĴš
Ժѽһ
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ӷ磬ܵȥˣôڲŻ㣬ô񳤸ˣ
ԺߵӷǰеĴ£һӾȣڳӷʧ£һֱܵģڳӷˣֺܲˬˡ
ԺǳͣҲûʲôֵģӷ֪Լһװ˵ߣһɵģҸɣ治֪ô⣬ΪԼǰֻһߡ
һ¡Ժղ˵ʲô£˵Ѿˣ
ӷǳԾԼ춴ûôʱѽѵɽвһգǧ꣡
Сӣ֪Լ岻ãܣǶΪ㵣ġ
ʵʵϴθͬѧȥɽģ;аѽŸŦˣɽһ˼סһʱ䣬ֵأɵũû뵽֪͹£
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ӷǹ¶ԺĽѧϰɼõû˵ΪַǳʣĹ¶ǰԹ¶ԺĹԱϲ
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Ժ˵ӷ磬л˵
ӷ粻ȻĸԺ󣬿ģȴԺķ䣬ҲʮǰӷԺ䡣
ӷ㲻ԺôԼԺķˣԺǲϲķ
ɵӷѯʱ˫һתͻȻԺ俿ǽڵϣڷһɫĴ̳һźڰɫƬƬǡ
һ̣ӷ·뵽ʲôƵģȴԼе뷨ʵԺԺأȥˣ
Ժתųӷ磬˵ӷѽոջǲڸģ綼֪ԣԡ
ģҵŵʱԺúõģôܡ
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ˬǸôˣ¶Ժ˶֪ԺһΪ˹¶ԺԼ²Լļң飬ǰ첻ġ
ΪʲôΪʲôһԺдΪʲôһҲҼ
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ģѽԺ˵ģ˵Ǳڹ¶Ժſڵġ
Ժ㶭º̫࣬Ͼһڽֱߵĺ̫ĸĸҲûܹӵֻǣԺеڲ֮ͬǰŽҽ¸ġ
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ȻԺģҾʹָɡպǣҲǵģҲҪӰɣ
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ӷ磬ڻҪѧҵΪأ˳ȻɣҲҪ룡ѧѧӿ쵽ˣȥʰһȥྩѧɡ
ӷߵԺǰĵԺģһʧģպҵгɣһΪҵļ硣


4 ¶Ժ鷳
ʱ򣬹¶Ժеĺȫһ𣬳ӷй¶ģƽﶼʹЩܵãǰ岻õʱ򣬼ܵñ۸ӷ綼һʱվΪܵǳͷ
ӷ磬Ժ˵ܵɻȥˣһɣԡ
ڣһʮҵСкһиԱߵĳӷ磬аЦʵϲ治֪ĸĸôģһôɰĺӣ˵ҪͲҪˡ
Сԣӷ粻࣬ǳʱ򣬻Լ԰ɡ
ӷ罫лظСкһԼеĲҲи
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ڳӷ棬һɰСŮ˵
Сӷûˣƣӷɱǰˡ
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СԣֻҪúѧϰԺҲܸӷһȥϴѧġ
Щܵãӷһʱ仹治뿪ˣԼʮʱ䣬뵽Ҫȥྩˣﻹ治ǸζҪǣӷ᲻ˣ
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Ժ˿̵ɫҲĺѿӳӷԱߵķվҲ֪Ǹ˵ʲôȻͳȥ
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ס֡ӷʱӷڳ嵽Ժǰһˡ
ӷ磬ʲô
ӷ˶Ƕ֣ǸĻҾͱ
ѽСӣ㻹ֵͦģ¶ԺȫӲͷѽСƽͷ˵
ӣ£С˵ûڴĲҪ֣ҲҪȵϡ
ϰ˵ĶԣҲˣڻǴ죬ȷһ
СƽͷصʱԱ˿ҺԺ˵ˬҾͲˣҾ㣬ҵĿ޵ģ粻Ļ׼¶ԺСʬɡ
һݻСƽͷǼתȥҲȥӷ硣
Ժ⵽ô£ΪʲôԺļ˶ص£ֶӵ鷳
Ժ̾˿˵ʵԺʱԺ˵£ɵʱԺˣû뵽ԺһˣʹЩåֶΣ
ӷǰҲ˵ԺиֶǸɾרЩɱ˷ŻĹȴΪĳ쵼ĹϵãҲûץû뵽ǸھȻ˵زҵ¶ԺˣҪǿǿ
ӷʵԺô죿
ô죬¶ԺԺһѪôҶģҪӲĻֻñˡ
ӷ֪õĻЩһͲˣھҲˣ
Ժ㲻õģҲֻǶѣġ
ӷѾŭ⣬Լļң˸ҶԼļҸԼ˵ĻԼҪصĴۡ
Ժüͷ˵ϣ˰ɣ
ʱеĺӶѾվ˷棬һС쿴ԺЩȻСȴС󣬹Ѿ֪˹¶Ժ鷳
Ϊ˲úǵģԺǿЦ˵Ҷ˵ĻȥΣҿҪǵŶ
ԺǿջЦӷĵԺҪһ˳еôѹҲԺ뿴ģΪͥһӣҲӦðֵһˣϣԺ֮鲻


5 
ҹ¶Ժ˶ѾʱһӰӹ¶ԺһڵĽ֮ٳȥ
ɴãZߵĴ֮һŶʮ㣬ÿһ㶼ȥģЩС͵İ칫ҵá
ӷվںɴſڣ̧ͷȥֻеʮеƹ⣬ڳԹ󣬳ӷʹԺ˽һĵز˾֪ĵز˾ɴõĵʮ㣬Ȼز˾ڻڣҲʡԼܶ鷳÷Ѿȥļסʲôطˡ
ãӷֱ˵ݣȴĮƽԸ֮Ϊ˿̳ӷǷŭЩѹԼ˵ļһӷԲŹǡ
ʮ¥칫ңҲֻһǿŵƵģ칫ڣм̸ʲô¡
ϰ壬ڳǿ֮⣬еĵǶѾˣĿϿԿʼˡ
˵˾ʱ¶Ժ鷳ǸСƽͷڰ칫ﻹ⼸ˣҲȫǽ쵽˹¶Ժġ
˵ӣһǮҪǸµģҳģĻھͲǽϰˣҽϰ塣
Ŀ׺ݣڵһСƽͷʹСƽͷȫһ
ǣϰѵǣֵܻᾡ취¶Ժǿظģϰʧġ
֪ͺá⣬Ǳʸ㶨ûУ
ϰģѾͨＸҴƵϴɾˣԲᱻ˷֡
ţǸɵĻҪĻǹ¶Ժǿأû뵽Ǹˬ廹ҪִҵĿ⣬ȥһˣˬǲĻǸҷŰѻ𣬽¶Ժˡ
湻ģֶҲĳˣӦǧС
˼ûǸˡ
ͻȻ칫ҵű˸˳ΪûĹϵҲŶ롣
ʲôˣ
СƽͷǼתȥֻһʵ˽һŸˡ
㡣
Сƽͷһ۾ϳ˳ӷ磬ǽԼڹ¶ԺСӡ
ҲѾϳ˳ӷ磬ʵСӣˬ̸¶Ժǿصģ
Ҹʲô̸𣿡
СӣҪôѵ㲻֪ʲôط𣿡Сƽͷŭ
ʲôطȻѾˣǾҪ顣
ʱվеĲ˹èɳϣЦ鷳ģ
鷳ҪԺҲû취ұ鷳ˡ
Сӣ㲻ǵһ˵Щˣǰ˵Щˣȫʧˡӣˡ
ϰģСӼȻֵûɲȫ
Сƽͷγһذףӷ˹
ӷ˫һ׹⣬СƽͷԼ̹ذû˿ĶܣǰһоͬӰеͷƵġ
ӷһץסСƽͷǳذ׵֣Լһҽŵϥ͵ĳСƽͷĶӳ˹ȥ
顱һСƽͷ峯ӷϵȥ˫ӼҪˣ˵һͨ˵ܵˡ

СƽͷҽһɳӷȴŹЩҪ˺Լ˵Ļ쵰ȻûŹκһˡ
Ҫǹ¶ԺǾҪǻûǸˡ
ӷһŭ˫ץסСƽͷ壬춴ʯͷһСƽͷٹԼͷݺݳȥ
СƽͷӸ¥ϵһءһ칫һ죬ѪĽ
ɳӷ粢ûоʹ£һѾСƽͷ⼸˹ȥ
ǹ¶Ժ³
⣬СǸֵ̬ǣһϣɵ
⼸ʵǿȳ棬Ҳǳ˶ģɱɱǰѪȵĳ棬ǻǵһμȻ˫ѾʼҲ֪վԭزĻǽĽԼ
ȫҪ
ӷһУӰ嵽⼸˵ǰȭͷصĳڶ˴˹ȥ
顣
һȭ˵ڶ˵ؿϣӷɹΣɼΣ漴һգӿһתһ߽ڶߵǽϣǽϵһӸ
һĻ˵ĳڶ˵ǽǰ˫ڣиУ˫жʺѪҺ㣬һҲˡ
ǾԵıħǰŵ꣬һԵԨĶħÿһ֮죬쵽һһ˲䣬͸ɵˣ龰ҲֻеӰвżĵӦ˵ӷֶΣҪЩӰлҪֲĶࡣ
ֵˡ
ӷʣ˸ڣ˭Ҹӷ綯ֻ֣һûˣǾǮٶʲôã
ʣµĻܵǵϰ壬ӷȥﲻʮ¥ĻǾҪӴֱȥˡ
˵˶Ҫ

ӷ糯һųȥֻһ󼱷ԼǱһǿƵġ
顱һ˵ǰ
ӷӶϣһƳ˵Ķͷžȥ
ۡ
˿Ѫվأϡ
һɵɵĿͬħĳӷ磬˫ѾĹ˵ϣͰ͵󣬴磬ңҸǲ죬дŹҰɣ
Ź㣿ûŹǹ¶Ժ
ǣǲҵ˼ӱģⲻǵѽ
û취˭һġиƢ߲ݳӲݣȻҾͻնݳԾ󻼡
ǡ
ӷǰֱһֳצסһ˵Ĳӣʹһ󣬽һ˵ĲӸˣ
ŵڵϵЩˣĶͷð亹ô꣬ʲô涼ʲô˶û뵽ëͷСӾȻ˺ݶû˿飬˵ɾ͸ɵˡ
㣬ô
ô⻰ǲӦʡ
ǮҸǮ㣬ķϷŹҰɣСϡϣССҳ£ûչˣ
ӷŭûʸԺҲֶӣԺ֮ҲֶӵġΪмˣ˾û𣡵Ҫչ¶ԺʱûЩԭˣǱԼĸĸȴϷŹǣҪһѻȫˣá
磬ˣ¶ԺǿҲҪˣңٸһǮ
˵ţߵ칫ǰóһɫƤӣƤӴ򿪣װŵȫһɫRMBһֻҪŹңЩǮȫˣ
ӷ翴һӵǮ׬һǺǮң¶ԺľҲ̫ãǮԼȥྩҲͷĶˡ
Ǯùҿһ¡
ӷϷŹԼ˿˵磬ֻҪϷŹңЩǮȫ㣡
ӷӹӣ˿Ǯһ˵ЩǮһΨһһ°ɡ
磬ڿ𣿡
ߣ㻹ûõӦе³ôߣ
㣬ղ˵Źҵģ
Ŷ˵Ļ𣿡͵ҷ˸ƨɡ
ӷһһƽŵĵ˵ϣ˫Ѿˮڵͷ磬֪ˣͿķϣһ·ɣ
ԺһֽҴ󣬾ô쵰ҲԺֶӣȻɱ㣬Ҳ񣡡°뱲Ӿڴ϶ȹɡ
ӷһƾ𣬳Ҽȥ
ǣǣǡ
ȫĹͷһ죬ӷһƽȫĹͷȫˣȻԻһˣ
ӷ֣¶Ժһˣһװ׬һ¿ɷˡ
֮ǰӷѾָԭı飬ŵڵϵ˸ˣЦģǹ¶Ժ˶ǺģһоȻģ


6 ŮӢ
ڶ죬ӷ罫ϵһΪü˻Уһķʽת˰ʮ򵽹¶ԺĻͷϣԼ˶ʮʮҲǳӷѧķã¶ԺҪһǮˡ
磬ԺԼ¶Ժ˵£ӷʰྩѧѧ֪ͨ飬˴Zпྩĳ;
ӷ𳵵ģΪƱƱҪˣԼ춴µʱ䣬ͬѧҪȥѧΪ˸һ죬ӷֻˣʱϿҪȻ𳵿ܶࡣ
֨
ʻײľ룬˾һżɲʹĳеĳ˿ȫǰȥֻмλõĳӷ˿
ʲôôģҪѽ
г˿ͶԹ˾ļҲʵ̫˰ɡ
˾ȴûи˿͵Ǹǽ򿪣ͻȻ嵽ǰһŮԶһ㣬Ҫˡ
ŮһıǸߵſ˵ʦ˼Ҹүүûϳأ鷳㿪һŰɡ
;ǲΪһ˶˿͵ʱģʱ䵽˾ͻῪɼȻѾˣ˾Ҳֻÿš
Ŵ򿪣г˿;ͼһʵòŮһһµ˳ϳ֮Ůͣг˿͵Ǹ
үүСһ㣬ߡ
Ůߵ˳ӷλãȻ˿ֻλˣŮе㲻˼ĶԳӷ˵˼ܸܲ㻻һλãүү岻̫ãҲ̫ˣүүԲ
Тĵĺӣ˶øλģӷȻҲ⣬վŮסߣ˵үүɡ
ԱһҲվŮ˵СТĵڲˣҵλҲøɡ
ллллˡ
һµҲǳжϻǺ˶ѽԳӷ˵Ļкñģллˡ
ÿ
˵꣬ӷ˶˺λϣŮүүмλϡ
һ·ĳӷûȥʹķ羰ǿָϴŵĽָһصӡ
˵ӷ͸ԼĸĸǵΪʲôԼڽֱߣѵʹûԼ𡣿ɵӷԺĿе֪Լĸĸпʱٶ뷨
ÿһ˵ͬȻ޷յ꣬ǾһҪպڣ
ϵʻϣеĳ˿ͶѾ˯ˣ⳵翪ģҲ˵ϣͿԵྩˡ
ӷı۾ϢһᣬȥʱͻȻǡ֨һ˾ڶεļɲеĳ˿ȫѡ
ι˵ôģῪͱ뷹ǵɶء
ǣıɱѽ
ѵĳ˿һһȥģȴûһע⵽˾ڵɫҪѿжѿ

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٣˰ֵǮĶȫֻƣ
ôùɣһγԶţȻ٣
ӷﱧԹţҲûκεľٶΪϵĳ˿̫ˣЩٷӸǻ˿ֳܻģ
ӣӣȥӣӣˣҪǱι˾ˣű𶯣Ҫ׵ӽ쵶ӳ
˾ĸҷһƨеʱҲѽͷһڸٹ·ٵ飬һӦʩûС
̵ģʲôֵǮĶȫ
ٷŮߣݺݵĳߺ
ŮʱЩٷӽоϵıҲʮѿû˸ϳʱЦ⡣
ȴһסŮСѩҪ嶯ֻΪƣǮǾˡ
үү
ѵ˳ǰӦүүʲô𣿡
Ů˿ǲĽеĲȫٷӡ
ٷһ·Ѿ档
ιСӣʲôϵֵֽǮĶȫͷٷӴ󺰵
ڳӷԱߵĳ˿Ϊ£ѾеĲ˳ɳӷȴûУһҲûж
λ磬Ǯϵȷе㣬ҵѧѣǣһôϴѧѽ
Ѿģٸӷϻϲϴѧƨ£ٲǮӾ¼
ӷ̾˿ʵȷҪҵǮ
ϻ㵱ֵϷѽֵֽǮĶó
ӷ˫ȭһգЩһҲ̫ǶˣнŵģȻٵĹǣӷûǷ
ɵӷ붯ʱͻȻڳмλһŮ˵Щһ̫ˣ˼ҶǮҲ
ٷû뵽Ȼ˸ҳͷһǸŮˡ
ѾģСӻͦģҲͦˮģֵֻܱٲƣɼȻԼ£Ǿͱֵˬˡ
ûǸ
СѩҪ嶯
߸ֹŮŮѾһųһٷӳ˹ȥ
顣
ûĵŮȻǸӣһŵеٷߵȫȥ
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ž
ŮһһٷӵϣһɾͰеٷȫŭˡ
ӷͷٷѾγ˵̺Сģ
Ǵͷٷӽǰļٷƿеĵû˿ԥĳŮ˹ȥ
еĳ˿ȫ۾뿴ҾһĻûĵǣŮȻԱһܿ˴ͷٷӵһƵ˳ӷǰ
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Ůڳһ񶷵ƣתͷӷʵ
ӷֱҡͷڸеʱҲŮǰŮͷһؼ
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ӦлŶԣղңһҾͰˡ
ˡ
ӷ绰䣬Ůһѽӷƿ˵Լһ£Щһｻҡ
ٷӣͬʱֳϵŮ˹
Ůһãץסһٷӵ֣еĵһٷ˹ȥ

˫ŮһֻŲ˱Լץסٷϣٷѹڵء
˫ȭѵ֣ŮƷٷӣʣµļȫŮ˹ŮڸĻᶼûУһֵĻԼסٷӾͽһʱ˵Լ
ŮΣգӷһתһͬڳӷָϣӷ罫⳯Ůٷһֻһٷӡһеĵ˵ϡ
ô£
Ǳӷ簵дֵٷԼ֣ղʲôԼʹԼһʹ
磬ôˣ
⣬Ѿͷ⡣

һ˵ڶٷӵУţһӳӷﵯٷӵĵȫڵء
ŮҲܲô࣬Ӳ֪˰Լʱһ֮еٷȫƷˡ
ϵĳ˿ͼŮССͶҳͷҽЩٷȫˣһҲվæ
ܿ죬еٷӱ˿Ǹ˾ҲѾ
Сʱ󣬾ϵٷӴߣȴǰгֵĳӷ磬ǼΪŮ
ŮԳӷЦЦ˵㵨ͦ¾ȻҸٷӽо
ŮһЦݣһ˲Цݣʹĳӷ綼е㲻˼ˣ˵㵨Ӹ󣬶һô򣬽еٷӶƷˣŮкѽ
ˣֻǴСѡˣྩһͨ·ҲϢһ°ɡ
ӷ˵ͷû뵽һ٣ȻܱΪŮӢۣ˼
˿̳ӷûע⣬ŮүүѾע⵽ϴž⣬ĵǿȴͨأȻ⣬Сӵʲôˣ


7 ѧ
ϰ˵ӷྩг;վ˳һʱ䣬ӷ˴УԼСZһ죬һѽһվķǳÿһҲǳɾ
ྩѧ鱨һˣӷɲϴѧͳٵʦ»ӡ󣬱һ⳵ֱྩѧȥ
ྩѧУſڣӷ³󣬵һ۾ͿƲѧȥȥѧкܶͣԱߡ
ڵˣ꣬ҽ
ӷдϲѧԼҪ̤ѧˣɽ·ֻ᲻ӷô򵥣ྩѧʱأӷ벻Լྩѧſʱһȫµ·ȫµǰԼ
֨
ɲ𣬳ӷһɫĴͣԼ󣬴ӳһһƵ꣬꽫ŹϣʲôûУҪУſȥ
Сףɼסˣ鷳úѧϰȻƵġ
һ˵
ϰ֣ͷĻȥɣֲǺݣҵĵ̲ͷɵͼˣһ͵˵ġţƾҪˣȴ˵ǵͼģ
ţ֪ͺãӾˡ
ȥɣȥɣ軹ھƵأǾͱˡ
⺢˵ʲôǸĸ˭ѽ
겻ԼͷֱӳУſȥ
ι˧硭ء
ӷһֻŸҪ̤Уţͱסˡ
˿ûͣ½Ųӷߵʵǽ𣿡
Цǽ㡣㣬ǲ
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ĸϵģ
ϵ
ԵѽҲǾϵġ˵˧磬ҿǴİɡڿʼСܣԺྩѧ㡣
ӷ´һ꣬ЦЦȴû˵
ι˵Ʋǰɣ磬ʵҿǳŵĴүš
˵仰ʱرģУſ˶ˣȴֻ֡񾭲
ĳĳӷЦ
ҽףʲô
ӷ硣
ǺãڿʼҾӷĴ磬Ժ˭۸㣬ҵ֡
㲻Ҳ𣡡
ˣϴÿһطʮ׼ƺðɣȱ֮ϴҾʹӴһֱӴȥһƬҵء
һ㶼ΧЩ˵۹⣬һִڳӷļϳѧУȥ
˿Χ˸׵Ѿǡ񾭲ˣǡɵơ
ӷǲı״żڱһŮʦŮѧΪһ죬˲࣬ӷײŵһӾͽѧ֪ͨ顢֤ӡѧѸˣһͬһҡ
ྩѧҹӷ˵ĵ¥мҡ
ǿŵģҲ˵Ѿѧ絽ˡ
ѾģʲôƵطͲסǴӦϰ֣Ҿ͵ȥ׹Ԣˣ
ս׾ͽͲס
ڵѧȴ̫⣬ӷ˽̴к
ǺãҽжƣǴһϵ£һ۾˵
ǺãҽҲǴһϵ£ֻһ˵
ðɣһҶͬһϵģҲͬġ
ӷЦǺãҽгӷ磬ͬ࣬ԺҾͬѧˡ
˵СܣϸʲôѽȻͬһҵֵܣǽֵǺúóһ١
ʵӷ磬𣿡

ȳӷ˵˵ããҲáҽףǳӷϵĴ磬ҲǵĴ磬ӻྩѧϴԺҲҴɡ
ʵףǻڵѽ
ѾŻڵɣҸǣҿǳŵĴүڵ񡣲˵ôϻˣ׼ûǳԿġ
ЦҾ͵϶ɡ

һͬʱӷ磬ͬˣ
ӷһĿЦľİɡ
ʵӷﻹţҲ̫ˣԺ׼ԿѵǮ˼ҵŮ


8 Уѡ
СʱӷѾ໥˽һ£Ҳȫ֪˳ӷǸ¶ȴûӳӷ磬ӣӷյྩѧѶǲġ
ףԼ˵ţֺŹӣֻ׵ļǸСţﾭӪֻںʮҷֵ꣬˵Ѿܲˣڳӷ˿ѾǸŹˡ
ˣŸ۾ȴʲô֪ʶӣһͷβĴɫǣŮ֡
ǴũģľȥΪ˵ϰֿһ֮
ģǿʲô
ڣŵԣྩѧ̳һŷǳ˼ӡ
ڿĳӷϷߣ׵ĻϵӣкܶŮƬÿƬ滹һͶƱָ
˵ѧУУѡҸѾ֪ˡ
ɣѾģĺΪʲô˵˷һʱ䡣
Ҳûѽ
ʲôʱʵ
˿ʱ䣬˵ˣӽΪҲˣŮ϶Ѿ˰ϡ
Ѿģǲֻʮ𡣡
û
ԱߵĳӷЩһ˷ܶûУ˵ǿɱˣӿҪȥģһΰᣬҲǵһμർʦٵ˻ർʦ»ӡġ
׿ųӷ˵ԭΪ϶Ÿ۾Ǹӣû뵽㳤ķΣһ˲ţӡΪϴҾͽ̽㣬ѧһжҪԼģ¿Լ椿ԼѧϰҲǿԼǰﲻģർʦӲ㡣
ӷЦҡͷڴѧȻĻôкõĳɼպôзչԼײһҲ˵һжҪԼ
쿴һŮФš崿ŮϵģڶĽšٱħŮϵģףȻǴһҲϵģƶšС顯ѾѾģȻǻѪŷѪŮѽ
ϴȱŶƱֳФˡˢѽˢѽ
ⲻˢ𣡡
ŶҲǴһĻѪŮܵһȥˡ
ˣһѧҲǰģΪʲôôѵƶѪŮ˱Ƭĸð𣿡
ϴ󣬿쿴ȥˣ嵽һˡ
ӷԱ߽һ䣺һְҵкڿͣû´ĻǸӦǸԸ֡
ģ˼˵ڰϸ˹ʵ
ûƱǵеÿһξǾʮƱһƱ࣬һƱҲ٣ⲻʲô
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9 ŭҵŮ
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10 ˭ѵ˭
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11 Ĺ
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ģɲ˵ģĸ׿ĸǽϣϲ뽹ĸ˴յһྩûǰڲƽ£ҿ㻹ǸϿ·ɣѧҲˣʡСûˣ
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ʵģ̫ˣõĻϾͲҪˣ
ӷ˵ͨһҵķնչͱˣ£Ҳǵġ
ģ˵ʲôǿֵܣǸ鷳ˣ˸ƴˣ
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12 ⾳
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ȻĿǰûκιǳӷҲֻȥ̵оľۻʾˣ⡰ľۻʾûκʽ·ԣڵȥˣȴ˻겻Ĺ˵ӷԡľۻʾһˣ˵ı治κα˵ļ󣬿ɻȴˣҲǡľۻʾΪ֮
ӷϾͨ磬Ӳ֪ϳԼ֮⣬ûߣԼĿǰûߣںܶʱ򣬾ΣӷҲ׵ʩչľۻʾⱩ¶Լߵݣ˵ɹ￴ǣӷ⼸ʱ䣬һЩ鼮ժ¼ЩʽϡľۻʾĳЩķţԴܸͨ˶֣ȴֲ̫ŵġ߱ʽ
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ФСһ죬˵ǸУ֪İɣʵǸУֻǸЦѣҲϲ
˵Ů㲻ɣҿǷ˾ţ֮Űˢһģ㲻ϲ
ӷ־ФȽرǸΪͷŮĵλҵԼˣФȴ˵УǸЦһҲںӣ
Ǻǣżһ£ѧôߣûǸУҲʵһŮ
ФûУ϶˵ʲôת˻ϣ˵ӷѧܡ𣿡
Ȼԡ
ղ˵ЩʵںףһʱҲû취ȥָоҵĻ¸¾Ҫˣܲܰң
˵ʵӷᣬɳӷǰͷģ֮Ҳ𻭱ˣԭǡ
ѧ㣬ʵڲ˼Ҳֻ˵˵ѣ滭ã
ѽǾû취ˣһǻʽٻһΰɣˣӷѧܣűӣ㱨Ǹţ
Ф˵ӷ绹¸ˣԼԼһûȥ飬һûһȥŮȥˡ
ˣѧ㣬Ȳˣͬѧܵˡ
˵꣬ӷˡ


13 ˵
ģܵȥˣϰ죡
ӷѧ¥⣬ͼ˳Լ˹һ˷ܵӡ
ΧһŵӣһŮѧ㣬žѧϷţҪǿǿ㣬ЩѧﶼǵǰһӣЩдģһѧУŵ֡
ڴѧһأѧ֯һͬţѧǵĲգͬʱҲֵãЩȫѧԼ֯ģУ׼ġ
ÿ꿪ѧʱ򣬵ϤһѧУĻ󣬸ҲͿʼˣ
ѧûƵģһ˼һҲһͬʱţֻҪȤÿһŶģĳͿ֪ˡ
ģǶѾţ㿴ĸŰɡ
һɫɫЦݣһ˫۾ΧŮزȥ
ǶЩѽӷʵԼ治֪ĸűȽϺãΪԼκһŶȤɲֲУʱѧԼ鷳
˵Ҽ硣
˵ҼΧ硣
ȴһı飬˵Ҽ磡
ƸŲֵ֣ףԸôܼ磬ʵ̫ӷˡ
˵ףû뵽Ȼϸѽ
ģϴ֮ⲻھƣ
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ģѵ㲻֪糤Фһأ
ãԭղФԼûмŵ£ԭһŵ糤
Цνˮ¥̨ȵ£׵ֻҪ磬аٷ֮ٵ˹ˣҪǣԲģ
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ŮеӲ˳ӷ˵ͬѧɣһл֮ɡ
Ȳ˵ʲôõģƾŮǼ֣ӷҲûɾܾѽ
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ЦģⲻǷϻѧԼٰģУֲȻѧԼ취ŪǮˡ
˶٣ڳӷģָû㣬һˣȭ۸ȥǺģ
۾ŮǸ߶Ƚ۾ʵͬѧôɣұ֤ģģ
Щ˻ͦصģӷһ£˵ǺðɣҾˡҳ󻰿˵ǰ棬Ҳʱﲻʲôæǿɱң
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ͬѧôôѽ㲻˵һ𣡡
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ӷ绹ʹٿǮɹԼüµĻʳˣ
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ǲͳٸŮŮǮպþųӷ糯ȥ
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һŮ˹ܵӷǰǶ겻һǳųӷ֣ЦֵܣǵľѽȻԸ硭ʵطС˿ɶǺлģԺʲô¸˵һǸ߲嵶ѽŶˣҽˣҽкγ壬ֵôƺ
γ廰࣬һеһж˵ˣ
ӷѿγ֣Цҽгӷ磬һϵ
ֵܣǴԺһˣֵͣܺȼɣ
ӷеԥ˿ʵһ£Աأ
ûˣĸ
˵һžĸˣǽأ
ŮĳӷļȻôĴָָԼһֱЦû˵
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κŮղŻͦѽôԼռ벻ʮ͸һƵģ
ģ£ˡ
ȭŵһĻת߳硣
ֵܣپСӾСγ˵
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㲻ûϵûȤѧҲûϵʵҲһҪһͿˣ쿪ʼָһ£ܿˡ
ӷˣ˰죬Լϵƭˣүѽ㲻ôˣҰɣŶѣҲ˵
ŶˣϼǵĿᡣγ壬֪ͨһپٵˡ
εΣĸ˵ţᣬǿӻѽ֪Ӧ׵ģʲô磬ںѾˣٴ󶼽˱˵Ŀڴ


14 ս
ϣӷ簴С˵翪ᣬû취ǮѾˣһҪ˵磬ӷûжǮȥˡ
ȻҶˣڿɡ
С껹һ쵼ӣ˵ĸˣԣԼ糤ǾҪá
Сһ˼λһ糤һǽӷ綼е㻳ɣŮô쵽ģѵγپûи
һ룬Լδ֮ǰҲ˶ѣһ˵ţȥ糤λʲô˼
Աߵĳӷû˵ֻǲͣϵĽָԼҲ˽⣬С˵Щʲôɡ
Ҹγ嶼ǴĵѧˣپǴģ¼ĳӷǴһҲ˵꣬Ҹγ嶼Ҫҵˣ罫پӷԣѧУһ꣬һҪãΪһֱҸγѪ
˶٣С˵Ŀǰ⻹ǸһԱ̫٣ĿǰҪͷȴ£ǷչµĳԱ취ЩŽѧ
ʵӷʱˣΪʲôôˣС⣬Ǵʲôء
˵ȭĳԱܶ࣬ǵҲܶ࣬Ϊʲôûѧأ
ӷСγ嶼̾˿پһû˵ֵʮֳĬ
С˵ʵҲܹǣνġСǵĻʮձȭϽйгĺܶȥ׷ȻȻͽйĹˣγ˵ΪҪǣڵ˶йʽ̫࣬ڱҪʵսãձȭעصľǿ졢׼֣ûйô࣬ҲҪ̫ʱ䣬˵ձЩһٳɵս֮ǵйʮ꣬ҲǵֻҪ꣬ɹϾйҪĻģЩҪСģձЩȴҪʱ
ӷ˵Ҳ˵ڵصģǸˣʲôս̵֮ʱɣ̵ʱڽ˴򵹣Ǿѡһ֣
˵
ҾͲˣʵڸղѾ˼й飬˽⵽йΪ֣һ·ڶӲɢ֮УɢǱձЩΪʲôûԸѧ
һֱֳĬپʱ˵ǻɢĻǾͲˡ
˰죬ԭν磬Ķᡣ
ӷЦһ£ƽﶼʲô
СشΪүү̹һЩ·⼸궼·
һ·ǻ̫ʽˣڵ˸ͲȤҲѹû˱ˡ
ӷһ룬Լġ߱ʽǿԵɢ𣬶ұɢҪݣձЩп죬Ҫ׼ΪҪǣͨ˿
ӷ֮ǰ˵ԼͲ뷨»ᱻСǻɡ
ʱ⴫һ
ѽû뵽껹ѽ
ۿȥ˽ǵϻװԣġ
գʲôСǰʵ
պǲˬĿС꣬˵˵С꣬ѵǰ˵Ļ𣿡
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С꣬Ҳżˣ˷ѧУĵط̫࣬ѾѧѵˣѧҲѾͬˣֻҪԶɢ绹ǻĸ˵ġ
پߵСǰҲϻݺ˵ȥ
پţʲôţѽѵϴαǴĻ𣿡Ц
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ô򲻴򣿡

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پڶαˤȴֵضûУԣ˿ԽԽ

飬飬顣
ʮΣپ£پȴûа½һ˫ݺݵ۾ա
ˣҪٴˡСǰپپȴƿС꣬ŭˤңǾ͸ҹȥ
ӷԱߵĵϣû뵽پͷСȴСӲһǲϰݵġ
پλǹƣʺѧҵġ߱ʽΪҪǹŭݾ˵پû棬ٸһλᣬ¸¾ѧУŵĴˣڴϴҵĻԺҲ鷳ˣԶɢ磬طø硣
پһС꣬һ˿ɾˡ
ãҴӦ㣬¸µĴ䣬֪йС˵̸ӦΪʲô䣬ΨƲ䡣
֣Ǿڴϼˡ
Ǽ뿪󣬺γʵС꣬ΪʲôҪӦǣ
Ӧ𣡡
ĸˣӷ绹üʮˣôǱѽ
ӷʵ˵Ĵʲô
γ˵ÿ꿪ѧĵڶ¶ٰһΣѧУһҲÿһչָԳɹһᡣ
ԭνġ䡱ǵ硢ȭ磬ѧУеŶμӵģԵĳɹչȫУ˵ǰͺñȿԣһȤĿԡ
پȻս飬ǾҪӣܽΣҲᾡһսġˣںˣûҵĻңһҪϰ


15 Ҿ
Сγ嶼Һ󣬳ӷ粢û뿪翴پŬϰǰĳӷ磬ЩͲС岻õҲûнӴ˶飬춴ºڵĳӷѾԿһЩ·ˡ
پˣȫ·ҲǱݷЩͲ߱κεĹʣҪ·ȥĻپʱ³ҪȽҵĶࡣ
Աһֱûĳӷ̾˿һ̾ȴپˡ
ôڣΪϰ̫Ͷ룬پûע⣬绹һӷ磬ȹ۲ûУҲѧϰһɻ䣬ӷҪ͵ϮپĻѾǸˡ
Ҿãȳ̶ҪղǸմĺܲҡ
ӷһ仰پǲˬǱ˵ιӷ磬ѾˣȻһ죬ҲҪҳϣ־硣
Ŷ
ӷپԽԽȤˣ֮ǰͷӲӣ䡰ҳϡӷѾپһѣ֮ǰӷҪ֪پνҳһôĳ̶ȡ
ܲ˵˵Ϊʲô磿
پֹͣϰߵӷһˮǻǰƵģ˵ǵҸսʱΪ̫˵챻ͬѧ۸ҲΪͥãҵĸӰС˿Ǹʱ鷳һΣմһթңպñСˣҸһǧǮҼ磬һǮҾͬˡ
ѾģСҲ̫˰ɣȻһǮҲûپģȴԼ٣˱ѽ
ΪСΧŸĴģ
ǶˣСûĸףҸ׽һִġҺСʱҸ׾͸߹ңǶ˶ӣ˶ҪǧǣԲСΪʱҸͲʶС꣬ȴԸңͬѧѽʶҲڶһ˶ȹ⼸ĴѧԣСʲô£Ҷһվġ
ӷЦӣС껹Ķѽ
پ˼ҲŸôôͿΪ˼ƴòϣˣȷ˷ġ
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ףĹ֮һ
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Ҷԣ޼֮پԸңҽʲôʲôĻҾͻ̥ǣΪһǿߡ
پû˿ԥӦãڿʼҵˣɱˣҲԲգһ۾ġ
һ£Ҳղ˵ģҪԵҳϣΪҿԸĶͬջҳӷˣϲ⡣
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û⡣
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߱ʽÿһʽΪʮУÿһжΪɱУͨ˵ֻҪѧһʽǾԳΪһǿߡ
СʱСӷ罫߱һʽظʩչ˺ü飬ֹͣһ̣ӷʵûУ
ȵʱپۻҵģû뵽ϾȻǿ似ÿһʩչɱǿĿ£ʹԼ޷ȥʽѾɱС֮پϤ˳ӷÿһҲĸ
òϣپǸţСʱѾ߱һʧʮȫ
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һСʱѾʮˣӷ罫ķŽ̸پ
پ˵ϴڡ
ǧϴƺҲϲ
Ҹô㣿
ӷһ£ԼǰиСǸûˣӷ絽ΪֹͦϲǸġ
Ҿɡ
ǣǲҰҵķȥһ֮ھͿǰˣ
Ӧûʲô⡣ˣʱ䲻ˣС˵һҲܵûµĻҲҪңµĻһġ
پ˵ͷõġ


16 Լ
صʱ˶Ѿ˯ĸƵģڲͣĴĳӷ˯ֻ𴲣׵ıʼǱ˹һʱɡ
ӵҸʱȥһֻһ̨ˣСӵҲǸѽңֻԺپҲ㡣
˵ţӷѾԴ˿ǿһԼ΢мʮԣȫѸģԼ⼸ܵʲôطȥˣΪʲôӰ
ʵӷǰʱͬ亢һҲϲԵԵģȴϷϲϹ죬ύѣΪǸõû˻ԼʵԼҲ׿¶ݣѴꡣ
ӷĵԼʵڳеʱѾչˣǸʱѧϰ֮⣬ӷ绹һҵԹ˾ʱѧһЩĵ֪ʶ֮ͨԼŬΪϵһڿͣһǷǳ֣ύУҲмǺڿͣӷ粻֪ԷľԷҲ֪ӷʵݣ໥ֻ֮Դơ
ظ΢ϵԺ󣬳ӷһֵҳҳմʱֵһѪɫͷͷ滹иʺŸֻǷģȴûʺŵĵطԣҳ˽Ƶģֻ˽ʹã˾żվҲԽȥ
ʺŸͷҳѪһһ棬֮ǰĲͬһǳĴȻ羰֮Էдš䡱֣ڻϻ嶰õľݣ嶰ľſĿǰֻվˣһԣǱǳӷԼĺţһŮԡ
֡
ԷĻϵŮڲ֣֮ͣŮԵͷϳ֣ѾǷˣġ
ඣͨþòˣʱʲôȥˣ
֮Ϊͨľǳӷ磬ҲǳӷϵĴţ䡱ǵʱӷĸڿͰһС˵еɫģаϵۡؤͨ
ɣӷ֮׵ͨӷкǶа
ʵӷͲ֪алŮԼڿûʹɶаԼ˵ŮԣӷڿͱֳĬҲȥ²⣬Ϊ֮Ĺء
˵ӲҪܵĻǾȫйˣûһˣȻÿʱȫͬIPַ֣ϻǻ¶ģ㣬ӷҲ̫ƽϡ
ʶаǰǸʱӷƽʱһϹ䣬СĽһڿʹսУǳڿʹսΪУպöаĸʶΪһ飬һˣӷͻȻ֣ȻȻͼ˶аһ飬һָˣԺ󣬳ӷаĸͳΪϵĺѡ
ӷϵͳʿϵͳСϷƵסӷһԭǾ˲ңҲˣӲȥκ˵Ǯ㣬Ǿͻ⵽˵ͬʱ棬㲻ֻҪһϣĲΧ㡣
Ůһʲôطȥģʱ䲻ҪϴѧԱȽæ
ӷһػа˵QQ˵ɡ
˳䡱ӷQQͬʱаҲQQѧ
ӷظǲ˵ɣ֮ĹأǺǡ
ʵ㲻˵Ҳ֪ྩѧ
ô֪ģӷ󾪣Լǻ˵¹IPַаô֪Լྩѧġ
˫һת鷳ˣף˯ôҲϷ˳ڸԼĵַ¶ˣ
ǸҽʵеȣͬѧϷû˳ûȥע⡣
ͨҲҪģǲẦġȻ֪ĵַǾͰҵĵַҲɡ
ãྩѧô󣬾֪ҵĵַҲҲҵġ
ûϵˣʵҲྩôȤһ𣿡
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ѽǣǾҸʱ䣬ɣ
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һֱ˵ŮţԼŶѡˣҲˣŮǲܰҹģӦûпΣǾϰ˵㣬ྩ½ֿһҡɽɡӷظһOKƣ֮аˡ


17 ʮŮУ
ѧУС٣ȴû뿪ѧУ벽ȫ˸ţû취׼磬ǶƼ磬Χ磬ŮɫǿɲŹκδڨŮĻᡣ
ӷڴ˵һȤûУ߱ʽĵһʽķѾ̸پˣͿԼˣӷ粻ȥһˣǰһѣҲǸ𲽶ңҪ̵ְֽĻҲûʲôˡ
뿪ѧУ󣬳ӷȵֻһͺŵֻǧ࣬ȻҪǾõİɣӷɲΪʡǮĹϵȥɽկֻΪû֤ĶĿ졣
֮󣬳ӷ絽Թ˾һʼǱԣֻǧֱ࣬ϣӷ춫а˵½ֿڿ
ڵĿ˷ǳ࣬ӷһ룬ͼһСǰдӷʱ治֪˵ʲôãԼɴûаֻ֪ǸŮˣķ棬ӷһ֪
ǲͨ
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ӷתһԼվһԼʮŮŮɫţп㣬ȫơ
ӷеԥŮгԼĺڿʹţѵǶа
ǲǡ
ӦþҪҵˡ
ŮԳӷ΢΢һЦЦݷǳȴżݳŮԵζ
а
ӷ˵֣֮󶼲ϸȥǰŮΪӷ֪һĶ˼ŮҿǺܲòġ
Ҫ˧ˣǲҪվˣİɡ
ӷıʼǱֻѾ˿ڴֻĵطҲֱӰһйƶĿ
λϺ󣬶аӷһ˫۾ǳĵطǵһμôȤˣԼòߵʲôط˵ֻǰʶ˼ġͨŻŮϿĵط
ôһθŮȶ𣿡
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аһֳӷ˹ȥóӷûպȽеĿһڸ
аϵһӣû˿ļɻ䣬ԼһʶʱͱڻеϷһѣû뵽һμˣԸ
ưŵģͨѽڿͽĴˣɲҪң㻹ûŮˣ
ӷЦŮ˵ȻȴûŮ
ӷ⻰ȻǿЦģôһĶѧϰϣֶšΡʱһѽ
ӷӣаҲˣ˵ôǶѾʵмˣѵ㲻ҽһ𣿡
а˵ҲԣȻѾˣǲܻϵĳƺɣͦŤģ
ãҽгӷ磬ʮ꣬ྩѧһϵѧ
а˿ڿȣҲҽܵҽлѣ꣬ͽѽɡӷܵܣ
ӷϵļƤˣ˵˵ŮҪҽԣܲܲҪʲôܵѽ
û⣬ӷܵܡ
ӷһ
ˣӷܵܣסʲôط
ZС
ﶼЩʲôˣӷܵܡ
ӷ籩һ
ܶˣ׼ȷ˵ǹ¶Сڹ¶Ժ󣬹¶Ժȫҵļˡ
Ǹ˼ˣӷܵܡ
ûʲôˣҶѾϰˡˣѽ㣬أӦòѧ˰ɣ
Ǿš
ˣŮ
Ǳǽӷܵܣ㣬ǾһزŵĳԱŶοУ
УŮУһʮŮУ
ţʲôйʲôʱһôᣬôУΪʲôЩûκαģ
ѽྩְ𣿡
ǵģ㱾ڱǰ챻ྩˣԺǽܿеʱˣ
ӷٴαһ
һӷܵܣһģⱻˣЦ
ŮɳӷûټΪ
ͻȻѵһ̧Ȼһ󾢷磬óӷ̲ˣһ˫۾ƵĶŻѿҪӻѵϿʲôƵġ
ӷܵܣôˣý̫ҽŮѰɣĻԸһŶ
ģֻǡ
ӷ罫˫۴ӻѵƿĵߣΪʲôϻɢͨ˲ͬϢ
ڴʱѵֻ𣬵ѽһ绰վ˵ӷܵܣͻȻйҪҵֻ룬ҲֻңȽæ㡣
˵꣬ӷεĸѽֻ룬֮ѽˣǳܳ˿
ѾϾŵˣӷӴѾȻһӣŮ˲ѽ
زţһڲͬŮˣô˻Ҫ鲢򵥡һǸȥɣҲ֪ѵʲô֮


18 ̵
ӵ绰ĻྩһСӱߣ³󣬻ѵоȻһѾӱһôȥ
Ѿʮ˵ˣںУƯںϣˮǵȴû˿Ķ
ٿߵӣǱ߶ѪӦȫˣ˫Ҳǳ׺ݣ֤ǲѣǵˡ
һߣ˫ۿеߣʵʲô
ӾꡱһѾһһҹˣڻû꣬λƴһǲֵģ
ʲôѽΪʲôҪʦڣȫӵ˼й
·Ľ˾磬·Ľס
ǾǴ˵еĺڰ˫ɷ
ûǡ
˵ǲֵΪʲôҪƴ
Ӿ˵˵ΪһʲôֵŷĿɳġӲӦùܣλɢϵеĸ֣ǵĶ̫󣬱ͨ˷֣ԲŰǸģ
ѲߵӦЩǿȥܲŶԣЩ˲߾ǹߣҲܲѽҿ»㱨һ°ɣɲҪʱǱڹ
Ļͦܵģºĺڹ뵽ˡ
Ӿ̾СѣΪѽЩ߶Щ̬Ĵڣһǿɵֵסǵʲô취Ҳ֪СһǰѾȫ磬ֻЩɢ޲磬ȫͬĿռ䣬ϵЩ˵ģ
̾˿˵ģϼһﶼѾµĸˣƸ˵ôıʹǷĿɳ𣬴أ
ҾͲ֪ˣǵҲܵȥѽ
ѸӾĶԻڰеĳӷС
ӷ˫ۿźеߣ˫ķǳĵڼˣû뵽ĴڣѽǴӸղ˵Ӧò磬ȫɢޣҲЩɵļһ˵ҲǸɢˡѽղŻ˵ʲôߣߣӣ̫Ҳ֪ģԺҪȥھѽ
˿̣Ǻ˵ףϷȰϽн𡣡
˾磬б¾ΪƤҾͻὫ㡣
ϼһС

ϱ˾һˮͷֱ׳ȥ
Ȼһϼһû뵽ΪѾ޻ڣϷƽƽˡ
벻顣ף첻Ϸ㡣
Ǿͷɡ
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˫Ƴ˾һ壬ֻǰһֻˮˮ˾ˮһ
һԵңϼһΪȫ޻ھ磬Ҫ治֪˭˭Ӯ˭˭
λǰлú˵ûҪսƵģ̲ס˵
Сѣ£
Ӿսһ˭֪˾׾ȻԵ߾磬˫һ𣬲һ޴Ĳ
ҿˣǵֵס

һж̫ˣ˾׵໥ײĲѵȫ˹ȥ
ͬʱ˾ҲѾֹͣ˹˵ĽѾ˺ˮУ˫۾ǺݺݵĿŶԷ
顭
ͻȻһǿҵıը˾׵мλñͬʱȥ˵ĿжһѪ˺УһҲûٶˡ
ڵսѾƽڰеĳӷ˻ԵĻǰһ»ѵǱ֮ǰǹɲιȥѣûд󰭣СʱǶѹ
֮󣬳ӷּǺ׵Ưһɫĺӣǣӷ׵ߣһȻѾˣ˾һ
ǵΪʲôͬھѵӣ
ӷ罫ӼҴ˿ͼںװţƤ飬һΪ䡷ڶΪ䡷Ϊ
ǰӷʱ֪ܴԼʲôӷ֪һ湦ԼĿǰҪġ
µĹҾͿΪˡ˫ۿ˿Ѿȥ˾ףӷЦְȴ̵ɲܹңɺϣɺ϶ѡѽӦûᴦǶϵĺ£ҾͲκϽˣףǶûߵ죬ݰݣ
ӷҲҪȥܻǣΪٹȻѹԼȴܱǿ򣬱֪˾ĶԼãƻԼ޾鷳


19 ҳӷ
صѧУҵʱѾ賿ˣӷҲǷǽڽѧУӴң򣬳ӷ컹ҪݳһѣҼҾƵ꣬غ񫡣
ıʼǱԸֻһԣӷڿûȥµԸֻΪиҪĶֵóӷȥо
Ƿˡ䡷ⱾϾȻ¼淨ҲǷķʲôֻҪҵԭϣȻձϵķƳ
ڡ䡷¼еҩķΪĵҩפĵҩһЩ߰ĶӦоСƵҩҲƷһҪԭϲУƵΪĵҩ
ӷȽ俴һ㣬΢˽һƷҩḶ́ûԭϵ£ӷҲѽұ¼Щ϶֣һЩݵƸǳӷδŵģһЩʲôʨӵ۾ӵݣǵģЩ˵ǵòǵõˣҰﱣЭҵָˣҲһ鷳
ȻҩĿǰƲˣǳӷҲֻˡ
ڿһ顰֮󣬳ӷ緢֣⡰롰ľۻʾΪͬľۻʾǿߵΪǿģʩչʱҲڸգһʮֶĹԱΪһޱȵĻ棬ֻ˵޼᲻ݣһ壬ϣ߽Ϊҽʧ
û뵽⡮˶飬û˿صأ治֪ʲô˴ġһ϶ûᵽʼʲôˣⲢҪҪǣӷܿšԼΪ
⡰һǱ֮²ȡ֮УĻǱض߻ħΪһ֮ǿĹĻǾͻ֮ڣ롰෴
ϾҪˣ峿䲻ˣȴ֮Ϊǿʢġ
峿㣬ӷѾѧУĲٳϵˣʱҲԲѧô磬ܵٳϵģҲҪŻ֡
峿ĵһڶʱӷϥ˵ϣաķڵ
šľۻʾΪӣӷ粻κιǵӦ֣ٶҲҪϺü
ܿ죬ӷ͸оԼڵ쳣ȣ֮󣬳ӷ罫ǹȵԼĴ
ͻȻ
塱һڳӷгһ΢΢Ļ⣬ΪɫģɫĻֲþʧˡ
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ˡľۻʾڸգȴɱΣټϡĶԵùԣڵĳӷѾǿˣɢޣʲô߸ߣֻҪ֪ԼʵΪǱƴӷǾԲԿġ
ʱҲѾˣٳѾѧӷɲˣⱻ˷ֻ֡Ҫÿ峿һСʱӷţסܿɵģҲ˵ԼΪܿ콫
ϰ˵㣬ӷѧУʳóԹ㣬˽ңһϰʱ䣬Ҳû֣ƻڴϴ
ʮһӣˣ֮ർƷҲ߽˽ҡ
λͬѧϢҪ׼
Ʒƻ䣬˵ƷŮôǺѽ
ףǰİ೤ôһ˯ѵӣҿɾ㣬Ȼ˰೤ҪðɲҪ鷳Ŷ
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С
֮ѾҲ죡
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ŶҲееĳԾǺ£ҶƵһ
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Ʒ˵Ҷȥɣ֮Ҿˡ
һͬѧһʱ佫׸ΧƷҲúοԼȺѧ
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ǴŮФ
Фǰˡ
ҡ
е۾һȫ˳ӷ磬вɱ˵رλͬѧ
ƷߵФǰ˵˵ФŮ鷳㣬´ʱòã
ФƷЦԲС̣ҳӷм£
С̣ɣƷƾȻФС̣Ѿģǲһ
Ѿͷɴûҹκˣôӷͬѧʲôҿľˣл˵
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ƷתԳӷ˵ӷ磬Ů㣬ԼŰ죬ǧֶŮ⣬Ȼ³ܲҵģ
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ѧ㣬ʲô£ӷߵſʵ
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ӷ߳ңĳλͬѧŭģѾҪ㡭


20 ոŮѧ
߳ѧ¥ʱ򣬳ӷѾᵽŮŮͬнô³
ǣӷȴȥںЩڳӷ˵Լģκε鷳˲ңҲˣӲǸԼȥĻӷɲԼ߳κεӲݣ򣬳ӷͻնݳԾ󻼡
Фӷһ䵥ĻңҲǺܴҲʮʮƽңѧĵطǽңҲҪ
ڻŻйߣйĹߣҲ󻭵ģкܶ໭ֽ֮ġ
ĿǰΪֹӷ綼֪ФԼʲô£һ·ҲûʣΪӷ粻ɱ˵ԻǱųĬȽϺá
ѧ㣬ǰർǡ
ФЦŻشǰർãҲҵ衣
ԭˣ԰ർõӦҲɣ
Ů˵Ǽûò飬Ůĸ׵;ˡ
ʮ˶ֻ࣬С̳ıȽѡ
Ŷԭ
˼ҵ黹ٴɲҪФԼǾͲˣ
ˣѧ㣬ҵʲô£
ʵ˵Щһȥϸһ£˵ĺеǣҸҲ˵ָоԻĶﲻҪҪ󡣡
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ѧ㣬ʵǺ˵˵ģûҪ˵Ļϡ
Фųӷ۾˼ڻɳӷ磬ʹĳӷ˫۵ǲȥФ˫˲۾
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ӷѧܣ㲻Ҫʵʵҡ
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Фʵ𣿡
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ӷһФòǼҲ鵽˰ɣǼԼûô鵽ģ
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Ф˵ҼֻģûôӡӷѧܣղŵĻǲǳϣǰǸꡣ·硯
ӷûֱӻشФ⣬˵ѧ㣬ʱĻҽ¸ɡ
ϴ
ӷվ˴ǰ̾˿˵һСͱĸĹ¶Ϊ˵һҹ¶Ժ󡣵Ǹ¶֪֮ԼĺӲһʲô¶ҪԼŬѧϰѧϰз֪ʶΪ⣬޷˶ϵչԣǸ¶һķѧ档ʮ꣬Ѿ黭һˣСС;ѧʦսаҡҡ鷨ҵȵȡһ꣬Ǹ¶ĳоһ黭Ǹ¶ڹ¶ԺԺĹ²μˣŶŬõȫ黭ھһһԱΪĵĻ͵ʡμһʡе黭Ǹ¶õʡھƷʡչڵ򡭡ҲǸʱ򣬼ʣǸõھĹ¶ˣЩν黭ʦڵ֪Ǹ¶Ͳʮ黭ĵλɱǸ¶ƷʹǸ¶ƷΪΪڵϲ޷ʡչǾͷһѻ𣬽һչˣȡǸ¶ΡǸ¶˽⵽ڰһ֮Ҳ𻭱ʣһдһ֡
˳ӷĹºФѾ˽⵽ĳЩ飬ͬʱҲΪӷǸеϧ
ǣФãһʵϵˣӦ׵ķ˵ӷѧܣҾеòŻЩƽ֮µģڽͲһˣ
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ǶϧѽΪһЩõ˶Լ츳ǡ
ѧ㣬Ҫ֪ϸûʲô츳֮˵νţǰٷ֮ʮŬϰٷ֮ʮļֶ͵ġ
˵ҲԣֻΪ̫ңɼŲȥȥˣͻ֣ᷢеһĿԼ
ӷЦЦû˵תҪߡ
ӷѧܣܲܽһ
Фһ仰óӷͣ˽Ųû򿪻ҵš
ȻеǲԸ𻭱ˣڰһѽĵΪǿڶҲὫ¸κ˵ġ
ӷתЦѧ㣬ЦˣһŮϵĸ߲Ҫ˽ѽ
ӷѧܣͱЦˣˮƽ㡭еɾһ죬һˡ
ӷһ£ûԼǲٻˣФ˵ҲԣԼԽ̳һѧѽȻڵͲˣԼǶصĻ⣬Ӧ˼̳вŶԣ
ѧ㣬ҪҪҽ㣬Ҫǰѧȫǣͷѧ𡣡
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ǺðɣҲסղ˵Ļ£֪Բõ֪
ֻҪϽңʲôӦ㡣
ǡҳԷɣ㿴ڶˣǺǡ
ʦԷѧң߰ɡ
㻹Ǿѧ㣬һӷѧܣ㣬䡣
ҵӷѧʦ


21 ʳõǵ
磬ʳþۼѧÿһӼѾˡ
˵ûУǵФŮȻܵһȥһ
ѧʳѧЩԵĵطԷʱû¿ֻ˵ˡ
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˭֪ŮФŮҵʲô֣ǸϵģѾģһҪСӺÿ
һ˵˵ŮҵǸǴһϵģʲôʡĸ߿״Ԫʲôӷ硣
ԣФŮҵǸŽгӷ硣
˭˵ѽŮҵĲŽгӷ硣
ǿ쿴ǲСӣ
ʳе۾ȫſڿȥͼһ˧һͬʱ˽
СӣҿˣŮҵľ
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˴˿ҲѾ˳ӷ磬˵ɫÿ
ģ˸ھȻФ̵ģǲϱǷģôŮˣ
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ӷ˫ҵһλФһ
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ФӷһεЦЦ˵ܸʶǣͣǶԵʲô
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ФɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ͣӷʹɫ˼˵ϿޡɳӷûȥעФ˵˵ŮͷŹҰɣûȤϷ
ٺ٣ӷ磬첻вҺˬ𣬽ҾҪÿһǳڳӷĶ
Ů𣿡
㡣
ɱڡ
ѽ
ǸҾأУѡǼһҪǸ
һ¡ӷ磬ʲô
ûʲô㲻ϲҾ浽ס
ˣûûȵˣҾͿЦ𣡡
ЦǺãҲǿЦġ
ô
ȥóԵģǡ
ʲôҸԵģ
Ը⣿Ǿͱˣ
ã㣡
˵Ŀ£εȥӷ缸ԵˣǼеƣ⵽ôѽ
Фʵӷ磬ղŸ˵ʲôӣ
ûʲôֻǸ棬治ҡ
ҪСĵ㣬ɲǺǵġ
İɣ
Ĵָ˵ģţ
С˼ˡŶˣǵĸһȣҪһ󱭿֡ɲԴЦݣȻ˻˵۸ġӷ
ʳһʱȿ˹һ䴦һһ˵糤СӲ𣡡
˵û쵰Ȼҹ״ٸٵŮˣˡ
״ٸ˻ģҪҪ֪ͨһǣ
ȻҪˣϸҴ绰١Űɣٻɾˣҵ뿴ǳСܵ⵽ʲôʱ򡣡


22 ˶ᱨ
ĵĺ̲ϣĸÿ˱һŮš
٣ྩǱߴϣԼɡ
׿еһϵݸߵġ
Ľӹֻһۣ˵һ¶ҲôţĵŮҲǲ֪
ԱߵĽ״˵ǼǿܵģҰǽСӸ˾ǡ
ĶԵĸʵ٣ʲô
ͤϵŵԱһ£ʵûвǸгӷСһ̨ûУ
ȻûˣҽҰֵ鵽ģܻ׿
ͤһɫī˵С󣬲ҪǶ֣˽ǡ
˵꣬ͤһʳ;ڵ绰ｻһ㽫绰ҵˡ
Ҿ⺣̲ԽԽˣȥ⼸ëŮսٻغϰɡ
ӷһصңͼ˲ĿԼóӷе㲻Сǲڴʲô⡣
Ǻǣѽм
ӷڴߣıʼǱԴ򿪣˵ҸǽŮѵĻˣҵֲǲ֪ǹ鷳ģФҲ̫˵
ģģɲּŮ˾ˮĻա
㲻𣿡
Ѿģģʲô˼ˣˣҲϻ˶ǰ϶ѾˣҲǳıȴʣһĿ
׵Ļóӷ뵽ʲô˵ҿɲμʲô˶ᣬСͲõģܾ˶
ӷɲ뵱ô˵չֳ̫˵ı֣ҪƵĻһûƺþ鷳ˣþǲμκαͬѧȥȾˡ
ģ㲻ǰɣǷƷŮ೤ĵһС¶첻ãиԺôѽ
˵ģϴ˵ûΪǰļңҲͽܸİ׽ǰǸܣһ׾Ϳˡ
˵˵ˣǸʵһܳ嵽һģһֻҪܾˣ
ǵԼˣ˵嵽һ͵һ
ģͷĺˣǶѾˣļһûǿƵģǵĶ֡㣬㣬ʹ˸ɣΪֺƷƻʲô˵ĳ
ӷΣӦĻԼ
Ǻðɣҿɰѳ˵ǰͷҾһףǲܳ嵽һĻǵʱ˿ɱң
OKû⣡ģҪ鷳ǩ
ôĸѺƵģҶѧʱûǩĹأ
ⲻǴѧ𡣹
ӷùһֽǩԼֻ֣֮
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ѽ㣬岻𣿡ӷʵ
ѡˣ㲻Ҫô࣬쵽ҽԺһˣ
ѽ㣬ڡ
ཡ
绰æѽ绰Ҷˡ
ӷ̾˿ԼԼɣҳȥһˡ
ڳӷ뿪Һ󣬶ʵʲôʱðѽˣ
أһϰѾǩˣҿɳ˿ڶЦ
˵ϴƭĺ̫ðɡ˵ˣ岻ãһװϰѶߵģͬѧϱμʱиʧôѽ˵
ٺ٣İɣֲɵʱֻҪǰܷǰ棬ϰҲνˡ
˵ҲԡˣڱѾˣʲôҪμӣһذɡ
׻Цֵǣţ
ӷؿǴˣǩʱûȥֽдʲôһһϰܵİ׵Ľ
ҲһƣԼȴʲôĿûвμӣʱֻҪΪԼҡźͿˣ


23 ʯ
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ƿӷһˮһʻ˽ѺûʲôƵģҲ˵ӣӲǱײˣʵѽ㣬ⲻǺúõô˵ײˣ
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κװƭȡٵѽӷ绹ΪԼˣѵȷ˵Ĳᡣ
ѽ㣬ģװѵЩͬ¾Ϳ𣿡
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ѺǲںĽӷ˴ϣڳӷĶߴ˿˵ζڳӷȴһ񺮣˵ѽ㣬ʲôȺѽ
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ѺԥĿһ֧ƱӷܵܣҲ˵費ģʮȥôʱһ㣬׬ٸҡ
ӷ´ϲʮıǮԼǶʮǾ͵ǮǮɣԼôѧǰĻ֮⣬Ҳˡ
˫һתӷ翴˻һŰɫľʯΪΣóӷеԾžʯô䡷صһԭôѽ
ӷ粻ʵѽ㣬㲱ǲǡʯ
˵ѽӷܵܣô֪ǡʯ
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ӷܵܣҲ֪ʯѽǺǣðɣϰ׬Ǯķϣšʯ͸ˡ˵꣬ѽȡ͸˳ӷ硣
ӷٴδϲšʯҵԭϵĻԼͿƳһˣ
ˣѽ㣬֪ྩʲôطйŶ𣿡
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ǣҲֻǶԹŶȤȥˣѽ㣬ͼװɣˡ
ιӷܵܣ˰׬ǮŶ
ӷһOKƣ˼˵ģһġ


24 
ӷһҹŶ꣬ǰ죬ȴôżյ͵Ʒ΢΢Ļ⡣
ڹŶھһͷһҡϲͣĳˮ̡
ӷ󣬹ͷߴҡЦݣʵϰ壬Ҫʲô
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ˡʯӷҪҵһ롰ʯ˵ʯͷСʯҲڡ䡷¼ġ
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䡷óӷ罫Ƴɫɵ䡷һ£ȫһ
ɱ仯Ϊһ˫˺Ϊһ壬̼䷢ɵ֮ƹˣҿ԰˵ֵеĹȱǡܷСӷ罫䡷ϵ˵һ飬Ȼ֣һԼƳĵһ
ͻȻϹһȻ˳ӷڣ漴ڳӷı󣬻泤һ˫ɫĳÿһƬëΪɫķɵγɣɴСɵëɶ٣ڲͣȶš
һ÷ˣٶĵҲܵˣȺֿԱҡΨһȱǣܷɣ
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ˣһЧѾܲˣպҵԭϣһҪһԴҷеķҲԸ˵ʽշеһɣ


25 ɵӵ
ϣһ޼ʵǿγһһӷФѧУٳеĲݵϣ˫Ӷҹеǳ
ӷ磬㲻˵һôҹǣ
ФԻϰʹ˵绰ӷ磬ӷҲӦϽڶѾ賿һˣӷʲôҲûнФֻǽФԼһǡ
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ӷ磬˵Щйϵ𣿡
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˲ҽ˳ͬʱһгôӵվûͣǽӵ֪֪ͨһվǹս¼ҲΪгٶ̫죬ϵ˲ܿӷò


26 
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27 ˶
ྩѧһһȵ˶ᵽˣÿ꼶ÿһ඼˳ֵ׼һŵĶۼ˲ٳϣѧУ쵼˸еʦֱ˲ͬĵطȴŽ˶Ŀʼ
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Уýл᲻бͻģԼʮʵ
ѣвǿʮĿоа˸ȫʡż¼ġôĵ˵ɣǧ׳ѵδϹϴļÿһǷǳʵģҾôһӦû˿ļ¼
У˵ͺһڲ裬Ȼ̾У˵ͤĸģȻϲε˶ˣҪ֤¸µŴ׼ʱѽ
У໥֮ĳƺնεΪУսΪУλУͶࡣ
УеΣ˵УҲ֪ͤĸСӴͲѧУĹƶȵģǲѧУҲû취ѽ
ҲܣҪ֪¸µĴɱȽҪĶ࣬ʱȫȫʡдﵽѧ쵼ҲϯǱ뽫ѧĸȫչֳͤĸһǿֵ糤һ糤һȭ糤Ҫǻһ糤ĸֵĻôҲ˵ȥˣģ糤֮⣬ѧĸϯԣһҪ취ĸл
У˵ʲôָѶȵҲֻԼУȥˣ
ðɣҾ
ǾҪһˣ˵⣬˶Ὺʼɡ
ӷΪӸߣվ˰༶棬Ʒƴȫͬѧ˲ٳϣĻʽϺ󣬱Ҳʽʼˡ
вμӱѡֹһ¡
Ʒһȫʮμ˱Ŀѡ֣˵ҶһûԷӡ
ʮѡ֣ӷڣȫֱ塣ֵǣЩѡУΪʲôûп
ӷһ˫۾ţһȻԱߵĲݵϴƣûȥı
ιʲôϾҪʼˣ
ӷ糯ȴװһûӡ
Kһԡ
Aһԣ㡣
ףôڽѽ
Ļþɡˣ2һԣ
ƷѾμӱѡ˳ѡҲһӦ
ӷ硣
ƷڽԼӷҲܲˣ˵ء
ӷ磬û뵽Ȼôмѵʱ˵岻̫ãǲμ˱ֵñ
ӷЦЦԼҲμѽƨҩƵģԼ춼ѧУô˵ྩУûȥһأѧУ˶Զ鿪ʼӷûʲôȤҲ𲻵ʲôЧûҪʱ˷
ʦҲǰһӦõģӦõģǺǣ
ƷЦӷѽҪ׼ΪһϰѶߵһΪʱһϰܷ˽֮ҲһͬʱʤĹؼڡҪǣ˵༶μĶڸʱùεģǳء
һƷƵĻӷʵһ¡ʦҲİ׽ôһϰȥˣ
ӷһʱͿ˵ԼֻҪμӽһܾͿˣôڱΪѶߵһ
ͬѧҸողſ佱㣬òùİɣҿɸ㣬Ѿ쵼ȥˣǸĲ˵ġңҲԼǩͬ˵ġ
Ʒߵӷǰӷǩֽһ¡
ӷڲףѾģԼˣһʲôûвμӣԼϡͿı˸Ѷߵı
ҵţǺƵģ
ӷţͻȻһ˵ôûѽƵġ
ͬУͬУҪ⣬ƨɶĵ˭ǣ
Ʒ˵ˣҶȥɣѾʼˡ
ѧȫɢȥڲٳϵıҲѾĻ
ӷ磬
ФӳӷӷһתӾѾ˹
˵Ҳμ˱аùھ𣿡
ӷ̾˿أ
岻ãΪʲôҪμӣⲻ鷳𣡡
Ҳ룬쵰ҵġ
㵽ʱͲҪ̫ƴˣܾͿˡ
˵ţФһƿӪ߸˳ӷ磬˵ҴһΪ͵Ŷ
ٳһߣǶݺݵĵųӷ磬ŭһԹŮ֮ͥҲôȣͲ±ը𣡡
ӺеԴءЦ
˵С޲
ˣˣ˵ǸӷˣҪҴѾˣô
һЦӷСҲҲμӰϰһҪȫ¼ҲввԺ󻹸ҽҸԵġ࣬ФһټӷͣҲҰټӷӵͣҲҪ¼Ҫڱʱ²̨˶֪ʡ߿״ԪǸͷܶܲͷ
ЦOKҰɣҰЩȫټҪӷһ


28 ѵ̽
˶ὥβеıҲҪˣĵܷҲѾһľ룬ֻдһϣǾϵϵڴһֵܷĵһ
ûĵϵѧȻԸϵɳƽ֣ѧУ쵼Ҳһ۾еķۼ֮ǰһıѧУ쵼ôһϵǸʲôܸϵܷͬ
ұֵĶܺãɼҲѾҵϡɼȻѾսˣǾҪӲƴס
Ʒƻ䣬оϵѧƷԼڣ˳ӷ硣
ɣڵص䵽˳ӷϣһÿһ඼ѡֲμӣڴһžԵģֻоϵϵˣҲ˵ӷҪϵѧǰ棬õһܹھ򣬳ӷ罫Ϊȫˡ
ӷ磬ȥ׼һ£
Ʒ˵ҪƴףȴǳҪӷӮϵѧǸͲ̫ܣõ꼶ڶҲˡ
ӷп࣬ף쵰ʲôطȥˣؿɱǸˣ
Ҳ֪ĸĽĿҰţϰӦðмģİ׽󣬿ڰܷһƽӷɾΪˣ
ʦֻ˵Ͼǰûμӹ
ӷ˵ʵڳиеʱμӵıܶ࣬Ӣѧȵȣɾûμӹ
Ʒ˿еͬѧҲκϣɢȥˡ
ӷ磬Ҫʼˣ㵽ȥɡסͿˣǧˣ
ӷƷѧϰɼõѧƷƿɲΪһ˶ѳӷۿˣΪȫĳɼûӷ˹ؼá
ͬʱȫУûκһע⣬һҪʼ֮ǰѧУڳһ͵ĺһµŮӺվһô£˫۳ϰܵ㿴ȥ
ףӷܵǰϲ˵岻ΪʲôҲμ
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ӷʶѸڿʱ͸˵Լ岻ãҲᱩ¶ԼݣҲļǵ£Ϊʲôһ֪Լ岻õˣȥμأⲻòûѶ룬Ҳ뿴ӷǰǲں˵Ͳ˵
ٳߵѧעһһѧȫΪԼͬѧֻͣгӷѧһӡ
ϴĿˣⳡˣͻΪǧˣ˵
סûôأˣǰҲǵڶѽ˵ˣƷŮĵǰ֮ĵġ
˵ʵҲܹǣ֪䶯ǰĹ㣬ǰӦõһŶԣҸͲҪȵʤġ
ԣ϶ĹǴģ
ΪԼĹ̾ʱͻȻٳһƬŮ
ӷ磬ͣӷ磬͡
ĿۿȥֻϵȫѧվлʻΪӷ͡
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ѽУǸгӷʲôڣЩѧӦȫģ
ԱߣƷЦԼൽһʲôѽԼֶŮһλС͸
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㻹ʲôܲӮҲҪӰɣ㿴ڵĳѽһǵһμФôͦһ˵ģǸ˲˵ӦǸʦ
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ǰϵѧҲѾܵһˣڵǸ˶ĵӷһöˣ
벻ǣʱȫ˾ͬһϳƵģϰʱãգۼ䣬ѾԽѧ
һĻĳ֣ʦȫˣٶȣɲѽѧУ쵼˶ɵɵĿǴһһԽǰѧǸѧǸղŻϷĳӷ硣
ȫǳӷ糬ѧѾֹͣǲԼ۾ˣǱӣҲ̫˵ɣ
ʱ򣬿ŵȻྩѧʦһߡ
ѵд󾪣˫һֱĳӷ磬ϲ˵粡ããٶȣͨ˾ԲУ
⣬ѵͻȻһ֮У仯Ϊһ壬ҪԽϰĳӷ˹ȥ
ڳӷǰʡϰӷҲѾ׷ϵѧɾڳӷҪԽϵѧʱͻȻӷڵԶӷһΣգ
ৡ
䵽˳ӷߣӷԾΪĹϵӷһܹ򣬿ҲûԽϵѧ
ʲôˣ
ӷķһʣһ˫Ϭ۾ΧȥģֻѧʦѧУ쵼
ৡ
һ򳯳ӷ˹ʱӷѾû취ˣһշأһӣ΢΢գۼ佫ڶƽˡ
ϵѧһյ㣬ӷ糬Խѧָȥӷյ㶼ûֹͣ˽Ųվԭزͣת壬Χɨš
һһϵڶǾϵ
УΪĽѾӳӷͻȻθͻȻֹͣзӦ˹˶Ľ
̫ϧˣӷʲôѽۿҪӮˣȴԼͣФ˵
Ҿ˵ӷһͷ˰ɡȫ¼ˣؿ˭в˭˵
֮µĻѻڿųӷ磬ĵӷܵܣýԾѽ㵽ʲôˣվɱûйϵ


29 ̹
Ǳ飬Ƕȥעعֻ̣ǽ䣬ĹôʾףԶòġ
ӵĿ֮£ӷǳߵ˲ٳԱߣɵűӷףϾĽһɵģǲƭӷμӱĻǳӷҲΪȫͬѧӵĶ
ˣФȴͬʱ˳ӷǰ
ӷ磬ֻһ˶ѣ㲻Ҫ̫ϡ
ФӷɫǳѿΪӷǳⳡҲ˵ȥֻӷ磬ղŵıҿȫ¼ˣؿֵвˡ
ӷһۣ˵㲻ĻȰԶһ㡣
ӷоղŹԼ˻ѧУû̫ԶԼҲܱ֤Է᲻ٹԼʲôĿģԣڲ˭Լһ𣬶Σա
ӷ磬㻹ˣҿɸ㣬ղš

ӷͻȻһŭƽյȻͬ
ӷһһʱɫףôû˸ҺԼģӷǵһ
㣬㡭
ӷ˫һתФ˵ѧ㣬ϰߣԽԶԽá
ӷ磬ôˣʲô𣿡
Ҫô࣬뿪
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ܿ죬ٳѾûˣеʦǻؽܽεʧܾףǵĳɹȥˣѧУ쵼ȻҲҪʲôģܽһ˻ѧǵı֡
ٳϵͻȻʮѹ֣ӷҲѾо֮ǰԼԽԽǿˣڿٵĿԼ
ͻȻһ󡰺¡ӳӷĽŵ£Ҳǵ´漴ڵϳһɫɫһѵ̬ӵϳӷ˹
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ʲôˣͷ¶βģҹ
ӷŭһ壬صͬʱһƳϴȥ
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ӷ״ˮһ󲨶ûκεı仯ҲûκεѺۣˮѾӷһƸ˷顣
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ӷһȭˮȥȻһһֻһӰӷˮ¸Ӳ˳
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һɫıӰӷͲ֪͵ϮԼ˭ʲôĿģڵվҪɱԼЩǲһģڵһᣬֳצǻɫıӰ˹ȥ
ɫıӰһתԳӷĹȴû˿㣬ֻһ˫ӿųӷ硣
ӷצѾ˵ǰɵӷ翴˵òȻһצֹͣ
ԣ˫ֱŶԷӷצ˼ѽ㣬ô㣿
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˵ӣӦʶһˡãҽлѣӵ߷ֶУߡ
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ûҳһңǹ齨һ֧ر𲿶ӣΪʮСֶӣɢȫءȫڲͬʿй߸ߣרŴЩֵ¼رķӡ
ӷͷҿû
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֪̽ԼԼ͸ɴతµˣڸı֪Լݣ治֪Ժᷢʲô鷳£
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ѽǻлѽ
ھӷ磬гӷǧԼ߾ԼҲǳصģΪ˲ո㽩ּʲôѡһʡ
ӷܵܣһ½ϣʵشҡ
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ྩѧĵվһɱɱʮˣҵʱĳ˲˼飬ǵĵЩ˾ԲǱͨɱ
˶٣Ѵӿڴóһӣ˵ΪҪǣڰֳҵӷܵӦòǰɣӣǰ͸ģɡʯȴˡӷ統ʱû⣬ԼȻֳ˶ңʯȻѾƳ˷ǳӷҲȥעӣڱһ˵ӷ绹治֪ʲôˣѵ˵Լպ·⻰Ҳŵģ
һ룬ڻرŮˣЩûб˵պһġ
ѽ㣬ӦѾµ˸ţȻѾµˣΪʲôʡ
ӷܵܣģ
Ҳѽ챾ȥƷģڵվʱЩˣֻһǲǳӷ磬ӦһǾͰγǹҿǹҲֵĻѽľҵʬˣ
˳ӷĽʵΪʲôҪɱ㣿г𣿡
УҸྩѽЩҼûôܻ³𣡡
ǾˣǰѾתˣЩɱɱҲѾˣôɱأһ¾ͳʮˣڴ֮ͥ¶֣ⲻǵѽ
ӷһ䣬ʵѽ㣬˵ЩһǶǰˣ
ǵģһǶǰõ
ӷһЦ֪˭ɱҵˣ


30 Ϊ֪
ӷܵܣ֪˭Ҫɱ㣿
ӷ˵ŮǵĻѽ㣬û˵иϽʲôĹӵģ
Ĺӣ˵׼ҡҡ׿ҸҵĸСӣ
ţǣû´ĻӦþĸɱҵģԭǣڸյѧУʱһŮˣʶһФŮˣ
ӷĻû΢΢һ£ܿЦ˵ӷܵܣѽҸФҵСӶ㹴ˣ
Ҫ˵ôֻǸɺ϶ѡ
ӷͽԼôôʶФ˻ѣϾŮѾûʲôñˣɱ˵鶼⼸ϵʶӷԿ϶ǲԼģ
ӷܵܣҾǡĳƺûзֺãаӦøŶԡ黭ѽҵŮ˸ФҵŮ˿ɶ򵥣Ǿһ𣬾ע鷳ġ
һ治֪Ů˵ʲôǿĵطֻ֪ѧģӦģΪϴѧ˵￪ЩƵ꣡
˵ФүүФǹҽĲ£ڵλУҲǰĲ£ĸ׸ĸȫǴ½ģҲྩֵ쵼ˣǾӪƵģྩʮҸ߼Ƶ꣬ȫصľƵһһٶңйƵҵͷ
εΣû뵽Фļôǿ󣬻˳ӷϣ
Ĺӣļڲƽƽģ׿ĸྩгܶ쵼˵Ĺϵǳã׵ĸྩٽҵֱ쵼ƽڻͤ񡭡
˵ǰٰɫѿ
ѽ㣬ѵұҸǿ𣿡
ţྩĻֻһ֧ѣҲྩĵͷߡĶңȴǸȻǱߣЩץסҷ֤ݣ˵ˣ
붼˵ļ壬ӷǵ鷳Сѽ
ѽ㣬Ұѻͤˣʲô
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֣ǰЩôĸ֣
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Ұ̫ˣҲ̫ˡͤǲ鷳ĻҲǹȥϾֻƽӣúöѧɱҵĻǲǵıжȨƣҳӷҲµġ
ӷܵܣԺµĻһҪ֪ͨңһģǧҪǲҪ鷳
Ҿɣˣѽ㣬㻹Ǹ˵˵Щرʿɣ
ӷܵܣôʲôѽɲҪң߲ŸտʼûӴߵģ
ȷҵȷտʼãĸ¶ѡ
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˵ɣѽҲҪҴѧΪҴӦҵλǰκ͸¶ġ
춴ɲܸκˣӷҲֻҸˣˣǻѾͲỳԼˡ
Щ߶ô֡ðɣҾͲˣرʿΪ֣һߣڶĹߣߣʿҲЩˡ
ߵӷѾ֪ˣ֪ϵȫɵɢޣ߾һռӵ֣㲻ɣЩСһǰѾ磬һͬĿռ䣬˲ܵģɢ޹Ҳûô׽硣
ǲԹŴЩ͵ģӷʵ
ûÿһ߶ӵһ֣߶ֵĹЩȫɹŴʱģֽЩһ߱ǿƻھУ͸ҸղŹַһھǿΪ˾Ÿȼߡ
ǲǸЩС˵дһӵڲͬ
˵ǷΪֵģΪĳɵģ类ײ֮ࡣӵϵֱΪϵϵϵϵϵÿһϵַΪABCDE𡣡
˶٣Ѽ˵壬ԭ࣬ǾĳֲĸȾ߱ʲôصҧģΪѪ壬кܶʽ壬ǵǾģΪ߼ռرʿϾߵӦñҸ˽⡣رʿ֮⣬ϻһЩֲǿԱ仯εģҲ׳Ƶ
˵֣
ȻУֵͬģԳ˻ΪʳȺ屻Ϊ塣ǰͱļɸˣһЩҴ磬Ҳɽ֮Уܵġ
˵һ棬Ϊ֪ͨһ󣬳ӷֻôľʣ治ѽ


31 ơ
뿪¥ʱѾɳӷ粢ûлѧУΪ˶սҲûпΣǣѾͽӷһǾưɣǿĵط
ȻྩеĵشװȴǺܺſڵҲǳͨȴȽд⣬ơƿɵġ
ǣѽ㣬ʲô˿ɲ̫ϲȥưɣ
ЦİɣﲻǾưɣơݣҲĻҳһ֣ǳ徻ΪҪǡǺǡ
ѱһأʲôųӷƵģӷҲоơе㲻̫ԾֿĲԾ
ǲẦԼģⲻǳӷ˸оͬʱԼѴĳЩ˵ͬһˣŹͬĻ⣬棬Ҳڲͬ
Сڹ¶Ժĺʲô飬顢顢飬ЩҲǳӷҪġ
˹¶Ժ֮⣬ǵһܸӷˣԣӷԿ϶ǲẦԼġ
ơݺ󣬳ӷһǳŵ֣ûаᣬֻдʮӣȴǺܺãôˣһѾˣɳϡ
ơڵ˼ӷѽͻȻһǿҵѹӷ߳˹ѹͨ˵ĻһܲסͬʮʯͷѹԼһ
ڳӷ춴ûپʯͷѹڳӷûʲô˲ġ
ɻȴǲˬǼ˵һۣû˵εѹʱʧ
ѽ㣬Щˡ
ӷܵܣ㲻õģûеˣҲдͨ˵ģܽȫǸһرʿ
˰죬ԭѽԼһＯӪˣӷҲ벻ЩرʿȻһۼĵطôӰһѽ
ϰأ
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ѡһᣬЦԣٸòãʵ̫æˣ¸ˡ
Уһֵ˧ȥˣҵˡף˸˧ء
һѩɫȹӣƻСˮ۾˼ʵϲ
С˧磬Ⱦơ
̨ϵһƿơֱӵ˳ӷ磬ǳӷ練ӦĻƿƿɾҪڵˡ
ҪòģǽĿˣ
ߣѾòˣˣһŰ߳ȥˡС˧绹ӦͦġҿŶѽȻǸߣ
ӷѽСѾͷŶѽȻ˵ԼССѾͷѶ޷һۿԼߣȻһ¾Ϳˡ
ѶԳӷߣܸоɢ㻹һ°ɣ
ӷŷ֣ΪղǹѹԼڵԶԼˣűоԼɢ
ѽ㣬Сͦɰġ𣿡
ι˵С˧磬㿴˲ǡҿɸ㣬ǣû˸˵Сġ
ΣǸֿɰѾͷ
ӷЦ㲻СŮòã
ഺ޵Ů
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ƲŸ죬ǲˬӣȥϰʱͼſ߽һ꣬һװ͸Ѳ
Ѿͷٴսٻغô
˸һͳӷߴ󺰴С
˫ֳС壬˹ȥҲ˭˭ѽ̽ƴˡ
飬飬顭
ڶʱչһսĳͷȥ
ѽǬҧ㡭
ѽҧ˵ģѾͷ죬ϸ졭
һĻóӷֱɵۣⶼʲôʲôѽһ˾ȻСѾͷоСѾͷҲǸʡ͵ĵƣ򲻹ֱӶҧ
ѽ㣬⣬ǲе̫ˣ
ǣ
̨һȺŴ򿪣һŮ˴˳ҲѲ󣬻ǸһĴŮ
ҵ˭أԭǵĻƴСˡ
Ů˵ĳ֣ӷ̶ղǸߣǬӦøһǹߣŮˣķأ
˵飬ҿǸģûҪÿζҰɣ
ĸң˭ѽûƼҴСѽʮҲҳѽ
Ҹһ£ϵĵܵܣгӷ硭ӷܵܣλҵĺýãĽ飬Ҳǵϰ塣
ðɣһɫıǣһɫ飬ȡġ
ãҽгӷ磬ӷͿˡӷǳò
˵˵ĶѡֻӷܵܣǼСʲôϵѽ
ӷܵܵģѵҺС𣬲Сѽܴأ
飬˵ʲôѽӷܻܵѧء
ѧѵѽСھȻѧȤˡӷܵܣѧУ飿
飬òãû취ҲѾϰˣû˵ʲô
ӷεġһش󡣡
õطǿྩõһѧˡͣȶٺȶ١
飬飬顭
Ǭʱһȭ˰̨ǰҲѾһ飬еͣѾͷȺȵ㶫桭飬һ
ӷ̳Աһһǲ⣬СѾͷܲ˵гϢģʲôѽ
Ǭӣûţ򡣡
쵽Ϊֹû¿𡣿ȥƿƷַ֪࣬ܡ
Ľ˵ȴأᡣ
Ǭ˳ӷԱߣһƿơƣע⵽ѣڴ˵Сѣ첻ϰôп
ѿЦǬԸʲôʱܸһģ֪ɱɱġҸһ£ҵܵܣгӷ硣
СѿǵһδѽλֵӦò򵥰ɡֵܣǸһƿ


32 ӻ
Ǭ˼ƿƺָˣȴǼֲֵӣ֮ǰôģڻô
ѽ㣬طͦ˼ģ˶ʲôģ
˵Ǳ߼˶ҵûΪڲͬĹϵʲôãΪԼִСС⡣
ӣΪһرʿҲʹ֮ѽЩôȥԼˣ˵ֱһָ
ǸǬӣʵǾһһ
ң
ǵģү쵼ˣȴǹңǬΨһһߣȻе㱾£ΪȴȽϷŵܲ˼Ĺƾܵྩˡ
أΪʲôССͲѧȴ򹤣
ҲǺֻ֪ȥͻȻ飬ȴҲܶʱĿ˶˽ŮҲֻҲ֪򵥣
һʮŮˣһʮ˽Ůѽƨɶĵ飬ҲֻЩĵļһŻ˵
أҲûϷκθͨ˲ͬĵطѽǹߣҲߣӲ˵Щ壬Ҳߡ
˵Ķԣһͨˡ
ͨ˿һҹʿʱơݣ
ȽϸӣһʱҲ˵ǸͨˣıɲͨЩԺͻ֪ˡ
ѽ㣬ʵʵǣΪʲôҴ
ӷֻͨƽ˲ҵ£ǾԲȥ鷳ģ³ӷҲ˵ɻΪʲôԼرʿĵطأ
ӷܵܣҿΪãܶʶǶʶءڶ˵Ҳպ鷳Ȼͻ֪Щ˵Ҫԡ
ѻ䣬ڴֻ𣬽绰󣬻˵ӷܵܣҪϻȥᣬȻѧУһ᣿
һѧУɣҲˣҲ췭ǽѽ
Ľкӷѱ뿪ˡ
飬ôˣһǳӷֵܶȼء
˼ѧһֺеģ
ӲŽˬأ˭Ҳܲҡ
ǬһС
ѽѾͷȻ͵Ϯ
ҪС
ĽҡҡͷԼơݣ˲ֳĻʵû˼
ྩĳܻأѽӷͻѧУ
ʲôսҵĻʵ
ӵ߷ֶӵгԱȫۼң˻֮⣬ֻһŮˡ
ѽ㣬ҿ̵ģôѽ
ŮԼʮ˾꣬һװֻȻѵһķǳƯһ¡
壬ÿ֪綯Ϸѧѧң泴ɰɡϷŮ˵
УҲŻҿҪǮϵġ
ʮŮ˵ҪǮϣĻ˶Ц
ЦʲôЦʲôЦġȺ֪Ů˵Ŀѽһߴȥҡ
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˰ɣʶЩ˳˻֮⣬Ļ᳴ѽ
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ӣҲֻǵ߷ֶӲôûɣ
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Ѿ֪վǳӷɵˣӷ罫¸ѹû뵽Լ˵ˡ
֪һôˣȻԼյྩãڱʱ˵ĴӵķֶӳͬʱӵĴʼ֮һڶʮǰҲǱһԣû˸
ѽҲüˣֻ˵⼸쵼ӵĴʼ֮һȴ֪ǵͷͷ˭Ҳǿλʼ˭£һɻ䣬һ˸ȥ
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ɣôСȻ˵£Щֲӻǽȥɡ
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Ҳ鱨Ǳ߸ˣǾ鱨ƻ𣿡
ҲԣС¶Ļǹȫضǿֲˣ
֪֪ܵǵĵʲôĿģϷʵҲ綯Ϸˣ
Ϣǧȷģжʮһȫ
ǻʲôȥҳȻȫѽһжԱ˷ܵ
˵ҾѽҵĵĿǰĻҲѽԣĿǰΪҪ취ǿǷֶӵĻʱܰսʤ
ӵɲͨǹ֧ҩЩҲˣ
Ϸ˵ҿ˵ǱоޣһûͨԵģʱǸͷ䲻
ĵ顣ĿǰЩѾˣҲ֪ǵĿΪΣʲôطͻȻжͨİȫɾûˡҶ˵˵ԼĿɣûķǿǵĻ
һƬྲûһ˵˶һһ취ҲûС
󣬻һת˵룬ҿа취
Сѣа취ǿǵĻ
ǵġ
˵˵
Ҳ֪ô˵֮һ·ӣŪȴͨǱ߶ġ
һ˵СѣҪ֪ǿǹҵĹԱ˽ǹģ
˵ʲôأҵ˼˵ʶһʦܰƳҪ
˵ʵǷֻڵĽзͬѡ
ģȻʶһʦǻҹ
ɲУ˷ǳ͵ֻƽӣԲġӦѵݣһ취ǸƳҪ
˵ҪľǿԸЩˣȻǰдõĻᣬôŹ
Сѣڿʼʹң̸һ̸ʲôǶհ죬ֻҪǿԺǿԱϵġ


33 ɱ׷
ӷ峿ʱϿΣû
⼸ֻûпҵء
ʱپҳӷ磬óӷе㲻ˣ˵پѽҲǸ߹㣬û£ҲҪ𣡡
ΪȽҪҲò֪ͨһ
˵ɣʲô£
پˣ˵Ҹ˵ĸͤĸѾصྩ⼸ͻѧУˡ
ŶɱҲɣȻҪԳˡߺߣĹӣȻţѽ
ʲô˵ĸɱ
ǰ飬ѾҸˡ
̵ģȺ쵰ȥƴˡ
پתҪȥǣȴӷסˣ˵Ҫô嶯ҿ˵ǰƣĿǰʵȥĻ
ǲܵǰɣ
ôɱĻҲˡˣĸͤĸ˵Լ㻹ץʱɣǴˣҽ߱һʽôˣ
پüͷ˵ĿǰҲǰУҲ̫졣ǻﻹǴ´ġ
ǺãץǰϤһ£Ȼͤǻˣ뵽ʱĴҲһ֣Ҳܱ֤ʱ᲻ᷢʲô仯
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ӷ֪ФĿǰ裬ֵĴͻҪָоֻаĵطܸԾҪȥС
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پЦЦ˵Ǻãȥˡ
پ뿪Фʵӷ磬ǸͬѧΪʲôѽ
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߳ѧУһͣУſڣФŴ򿪣˵ӷ磬ϳɡ
ĳ
һѧʵеţң߻˵Фȫ˶ģүүǹҽĲҲܸԼŮѽ
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ʯɽİɽӷʱͿһʯͷɵ׼ȷ˵Ӧһһ͵ɽ֮ڣɽͨ˴ŷһڴ
ѧ㣬ھͰҽģķɡҪס±ʵʱĲǻ񣬶ǻģֻҪִܽȱлľȻˣҲ˵ͿԽƷȥˡ
Ф˵ͷΪ˱Լ̬Ҳûж˵ʲô̽Ĺȫ˳һȽϸɾʯͷϣʼ
ӷ粻ȥФһʱɻľǱţԣӷԱһôȴФĵһ֮
ʮӣʮӣСʱȥˣ
ӷ˫ۿ˺üʯһ£ϣһֱվһɮµĺУǺеʹԼʮңȴ顣
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û뵽徻ؾȻĶСʦôƺӷ׺ʵ
ҲĺС
׺һ˫ŭųӷ磬·һ̾ҪƵġ
ŶȻǺУΪʲôʯ£ɮ£
һµľǵȴڵʯµľη壬Ȼɱ
ԭɱ˵ġ
ûһˣΪɱ
г𣿡
ûС
кޣ
ҲûС
ΪʲôҪɱ֣
Ϊ˵ɱҪɱ
˼һﻹ˼
ӷ粻ȥΪʲôҪɱ֣Ҳʲôˣֻ˵˵Ǹ֣ɱĻͲȴһʱˡ
ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ҲȥΪҪɱ
ʲô֣
׷꣬һɱ֡
֯ģ
ûУһǰΪҪɱһˣֹˣȰһͷǰҾҪɱ˵ɱҾ͵ȵɱʱ֣Ҳ˸ٺС
һپѾǸˣ׷ɱپ֣ңǷ־Ʋپ֮¡
ԸҵĻҿԱ֤Ը
ƾʲô

ӷӰһ׷ǰɱ˺ܼ򵥣ûʵ֮ȴѡôɱ֣ھɱ㣿
Ը㣬ֻҪܽɱˡ
ܺãǴڿʼҾҽôɱˡ

ϣФĻѾˣФ벻Լһ֮ͬʱ֮ϣӷȻͳһµĳɱ֡
߱ڶʽдˣһپһ׷꣬Ϊӷպһ󽫡
ϣʯµֱɱһĺڵɮ˱֮󣬾ڶŸϵȴֱɱ᷿Ҳһ


34 һ
ιӷܵܣģ㣬ϵ
ӷФûлѧУФ껭֮ӷԷģɳӷڻҪ׷꣬׷Ǹɱ֣ǰǽӵɱ˵Ĺ׬ǮûҵȻڸ˳ӷ磬ûõӷ֮£׷ȻȥɱˣԳӷҪ׷갲һʵĵط
ûʱ绰ԼȥԳӷܾФ룬׷ǡ
ǽ˱Ƚ϶࣬ʮҲȫƾƵģһʲô£ȴ޷Ƶġ
Щ¿ˣӷ綼룬ЩȫΪһ֯ǽһôĴѽ
ӷܵˡ
ĽӷЦʺãҲʵʲôȻϰ壬ĿҪЦӭ
̨ǰһʮ˳ӷһۣһľƻѿڶ
ڵСʵ̫ˣСС;һɱѽᣡ
˵仰ֱ˰̨ϣ˺ࡣ
ӷܵܣһ
ӷûȥں˵ĻҲʮ˵ĲԼǸԼ׷ꡣ
ӷܵܣô͸ˣ
Ľ鿴һ׷꣬ôǸѽɮģȴûаŵӵĴȱ˫͸¶ɱ⣬һҲɽƵġ
㣬һѣҽһ£ȱȱˣܸܲԱɸɣ
ĽЦʵﲢҪʲôԱƽʱҸ˾͹ˡȻӷܵܽˣǽҲܲӷܵѽǧһ£԰סеĻȥ·ˣϿʼϰࡣ
ҹûһòģˣһʼҲǧһ£ǰ԰סġӷ֪ĽǸӣҲһĽ˵Լ飬Ľǲôˬġ
Ǿллˡ
ӷܵܣȲҪôлҡҰæԺ£ɲܲŶ
ȻȻֻҪСܼ飬һġ
˵ӷ׷˵Ժ﹤ûĻҲңµĻȻϵ㡣
׷˵ͷû˵ʱ˹ӷ·˵С˧磬ûиҴѽ
Ѿͷô˾Ҫģȫ綼ǷƵġ
ӷһĿЦ˵ѾͷǷţԺһͣһǴŶ
С˧磬ɱѽ˶ˣûﻹ˵󻰡ðɣҾһΡ
ˣͬȥĽ˵
һ׷꣬˵ףһصɱӦǸɱ֣ڻɢ΢΢ĹϢӦøã
ӷҡҡͷѾͷ治Ǹǵģǰ˭ûƵģһ۾ͱˡ
׷û˵ȻӷԼɱҪɱ֮ˣִԼ߱ʽĵڶʽԼִӦԼӷ磬Ժ󣬳ӷԼˣܳӷҪԼʲô׷궼һüͷġ
׷ȥˣĽ˵ӷܵܣСѾܾˣɡ
ӷĽ˺һ䷿䣬ﲻǰᣬҲûаᣬӦϢĵط
ģҾͲ̸˵ˡ
Ľ齫ŹһǳӣӷˣҲ߶ʮһסӷ֣˵ӷܵܣؿһҪѽ
ѽ㣬ݣҪͨ˰ѽ
ӷɲɵ֪˻ѵݺȻѵڻʲô£ûôԼҪԼæأһ򵥣
ӷܵܣ鷳ҪǱƳֻûͨԣʱڵǵֻܿˡ
ѽ㣬ҿûҪЩû˵
һǸˣʵƵҲǷӷܵܣ㲻ʦܲܰƳһ
ƷŷҲѽɵĿǰΪֹԼҲһѣûԭϵ£ӷʲôƳѽ
һ룬ʲôˣӿǹҵر֯ӦÿҵƷҪԭϣ
ѽ㣬Ҳ㣬ֻƷɲôףҪϻʱ֮⣬ҪҵΪȥϣƳõķҲ֪ҪΪȥƷǺģûʲôǮƷʱΪƷҽҽԺˣסԺѶûأ
ǴԼ̸ģѵӷûκİûô飬Ҫ˷Լʱ飬ӷŲȥ
ӷܵܣ㿪ۣҪǮ
ʵأѽ㣬ҲǸ̰ǮˣΪҳҲӦõġǾһɣ
ӷǰʱѻЦܵûаϣϺİԼɳӷ䣬ûûˤ
һ⻹̰Ǯ̣ûݵļ̡
ӷܵܣȻǾӦǮ򣬵۸ǲҲ̫˵㡭ҪɣҲô
ӷһ£ѽǺðɣѽ㣬ҿɰѻ˵ˣǿϲŴ۵ģɲΪӵĹϵʮһ㿴ôңԭ׼Ȼԭϵĺûϵ˷ǿҪķǾ׼õԭϣʱɱ˵ҵķ⡣
ʮ˶ʮ۸ǻѿԽܵģԼȥҲø档
ǺáӷܵܣǿǺܼģʲôʱܽ
ϴεľ飬ӷѾ֪ƷĹˣЩͨķһʱԣӷҲɵƳǵȷǣΪԼһߣպӷʲôͻҲԼƳķԸԼѽ
׼ԭϵĻҺܽˡҵݡ
ӷܷܵģ֪ôԲй©ݵģû˻֪ġڰԭдҰɣǮһᴦΪǴҸ̸ģܶҲ
û⣬ҿǷǳιҵģ
˵꣬ӷ罫Ҫԭд˻ѣȻЩԭУƷ֮⣬ƵҩġȻԼӷôܷŹ֮ǰʮʮҲǳӷ˵ģµʮ򣬾Ƶҩԭϰɣ
ʦʦ֪ʲôԭʲôģԻҲûж룬ӹӷдԼԭϣ˵ӷܵܣ⼸òҪܣྩ̫ƽ
ѽ㣬Ҷˣô跨ǲྩʲô£
ڻ㣬Ժ˵ɡ
ǺðɣٹѧУŴˣĹ⼸ͻңҲ˳档
ӷܵܣ棬ɱ˵Ļ˵˽Ұ㶥ɻͤɱĵأ
ѽĺˣзִ硣


35 
ĺܿ죬ྩѧŴѾˣеѧʦѧУ쵼ˣȫΪεŴ佫кܶϵĴﵽЩѾõ鷨ңңңĸ߹٣ѧĴ֤ྩѧѧǵʵⲻѧ飬ྩѧӿεĴ䡣
ǰʱƷ˵˭ڴ¶ĻǽȫעҲ˵кܶʵɵļŸ˾ҲעǸӻԴһΪҵҹ˻
ִӷȴûгѧУʹƷƸФǵ绰Σӷֻȴһֱڹػ״̬
ڣһŪһͬʽķЩֵ֣ͲǹӵһЩϳõĶʲôëѽ֮ģ
˵ӷܵܣ㲻ڸ㿪ЦɣҸôԭϣЩ򷢽ѽ
սӵӷĵ绰ʱѱֵʮּҲȫͬµǰ˺ڣ˵һὫȥģڣչԼǰȴһΪĶѵȻˬ
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ˣӷⵤҩôɵģԭԼˣǰЩԭвƷģӦûƵҩģ򣬳ӷƵҩԭϣǿɶǷǳҵģ
ӷܵܣǼ̣
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ѽ㣬㿴ǿŵҩǲټӵǮʲôġһҲѽҪҿɡ


36 ܾʦ
ྩѧѧȤŴѾʼˣɵĿǰΪֹӷ綼ûѧУҲӰ
黭ǱߣУУǵ󻹸źüʦ̵֮ġ
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ͷ׷ĹϺĵ˵ͷһװǳϸĵÿһ黭ǺЦԵϵ׳
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֣Ȥ䣬ɲִᣬѧ뻵ǰɣ


37 սپ
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Ȼչѧյʱ໥дȻٲˣУЩ黭ʲôû໥дĶҲֻȭϵĹܽбԡ
ζԱߵФʵС˵ǲģ
ФѧĻ᳤ǻδǸ᳤ȴѧ飬ҲǿǮ˺ܶѧ豸󣬲űУУָΪ᳤ģʵҲǹҸѡ
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׷һЦƾҲҽ֣Сӣ㻹䡣
ȻˣҾȽȫ򵹣ٸɡ
پ˫һתǱߵѧһֻǳһ֮սˡ
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پȴ˿ĳԱ̨֮ϣһɳ󽫡


38 ʱϵ
پų˿ԣʹѧܲסǫ̈̄СС̨ʱ伷ˣپ·Ⱥɡ
СȻ֪پΪʲôڶ̶һھһдգĳԱһǿʮѽһʧȥƣپҲĲзϡ
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ӣ̨֮վģȻپѧȫپȭŸܣپһֻҲѾָĽףݺݵڣˡ
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ӷĿ΢ЦתΪ׺ݣپ̵˵ͷǣ


39 Ĺ
ӷͻȻ֣ü˶ɵۣаФƷƸǼ
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֪ղپõʲôھ͸㡭߱һʽ
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ӷһ˻ͤݺݵһģסԺɱң鷳ҵõģ
Ĺȫ˵ϣʱһӲɳӷ粢ûоʹ£һųͤ˹ȥһͤһ壬ǫ̈̄
κһ˷Ӧվ̨ϵĳӷ˵λˣ֮ǰЭʹ˽ɢҪģ뵽Сͬѧȥ
ϣϴ绰оȻ
Уˣͤ˳ʲô£ԼҲӲΡ
ڸûκһѧȥʧߣһĳСǱȥ
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ҡ
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Ȼ֪ȴὫǵļ
ˣȱ˵ôˣ취ôӦ֮ɣң׼ң׿ҸǲŹģ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˹Цӷ磬ҽ㻹ǿ·ɣĻྩǰ׿гĺŵϾҪˣ
ӷЦı䣬ͨѧ׼ģô֤ѵļܳҲɡ
Ͼ˳ãļҼһ𣬻ʲôǲ㣬Ͳྩȥˡ̾˿ܲˬӣȴϲҮĺãǻ쵰ʱھͲˡ


40 ץ
쵰˭Ҷ˳Ҫɱȫң
һ˽ҽԺͷȲڣͤȫڴϣûм֣ÿһ˲Ƕ־ǶϽŵģʯ࣬һŰӡ
ڲڻɫװˣһڳ⼸ĸˣĸ˶˫ۺᣬվŲǰþ˵
ϻȲҪôĿǰǶ֪ǱӦûһ͵ġ
˵˽׿ԷྩегҲ׿ĸס
׿гٸһףڱ˵ĿɲҶӣҲУѵԼĶӱ˳гӦʲô𣿡
һŭ˽лͭྩһڰİҲǶǰͷͷ
һ˵һɣҲ˵ЩʱĿǰҪľȲ鵽ôһ£ĻһǶļҵӣǻñ˵лر׿гǶλǹҵĹԱԲκλ
Ϊ侲˽죬ҲĺŵܲãĵĸףļҵļͬƽҲûʲôֻҪȦ˶֪ļҵĹϵǲ򵥣໥֮Ҳᣬ㲻óҳ棬ö֮ྩûļҽ˵ˡ
˶ΪٽĽҲǽ׵ĸףչ˵׿Էһţһھӣйܾӵ£Ҳ飬ڼ˵Ҫ׿Է߳ࡣ
㿴Ҫôܽ˺ǶӵͬʱҲļҵӡ
ļ˵ʲôûҪӷ統ྩѧ˵棬ôߵǰļ֮Ӹһţһͷң˵ľԲŹ¼һʽı䣬õУͬ⡣
ʲôˣʲôͬ±䣬˳߶ҪϷεģڵǣʱıйսձͤõҲǹıϾձһϢһϴֻҪǸйˣվйߣķûˣرǽҸ׿ңΪйĹԱҵĶӾȻձȥйⲻҳ
MAģĸСҲ̫ѡʱˣƽʱˣļྩͷϵʵԴ»СС»˵ģҲĿǰҸձǻձйоŽ¸ǳƾǷҪ̸ˣ
˵߷ǷģѾȥýˣܻǮὫŵǳģྩѧǱҲѾҶУ̸ˣʲô⣬Щѧ죬ѧ֮Ȧ˵Ҳ̫Ӱ죡
׿Է˵ڱ뵽ྩѧЩˣҲҵȥһϵˣǻǻҵӵģὫųȥĿǰȲǵĶ˳˵˭Ȼ취
׿Է˵꣬ͼһ͵߽˲ߵͭߣ˵ԷѾˡ
˵
Сྩѧһгӷ磬Ǹ޸ĸĹ¶ҲǰүȥɱСӣֻǵʱ֪ʲô˰Сһѣǰֵܸɱˡ
ЩС£ΪĻͭȻȥܣƽʱͤҪɱˣͭȻϡ˵ǰ˰ӷɱԼˣͭ;ˣ˵һ޸ĸĹ¶˭ңɱҵˣ
û鵽ΪʱѾӸϢ
˵ϢѽǾûκϢѽ
ͭ˵ܲôˣλ˵˵ǰǵķȥϾ⼸ѾתˣûҪ£Ҳֵ̫󡣡
׿Է˵ɣȸйֳ绰Ƚ˸ץȻҸСӸǹоˡ
ǾͰ׿г˼ȥɡ
ʱ򣬳ӷФѧУʳóԷФ˻Ȱӷȶһ㣬ȷͷٻɳӷȴһνӣû˻ͤǵϡ
ʱ򣬼ʳãֱӷ˵ߣһϾʵ˭ǳӷ磿
ǣ𣿡ӷվʵԼɴû켸ͻȻԼӷȻ뵽˵ʲô
һ¼鷳ǻȥЭ顣
Ͼ˵óһҪϳӷ硣
Ф˵ֻЭѣбҪ𣿡
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Ҷϵ绰ʵ㲻ӷСӰɣ
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У칫ҡ
У뽭Уųӷ飬ʱƷͻȻ˽ȶУ˵ƷƼλУǰĳӷ类ߵ֪֪
ƷѽȲҪ˵
˵ˣһ£Ż᲻ܳӷġǳʽı䣬Ҳͬģ˵⣬УҲҪסԼѧôΪ¾ͽԼѧȥأѵǲ֪ǵֶܶ𣡡
ƷƣʵҲôǵ֮󣬾ûǡ
ٸһףҿɾϼһӷõѧǸҿĻԼҲŻؼҳԷɣУλûҵѧԼȥ;ȡ
顱һƷŭ뿪˶Уİ칫ҡ
У㿴ֵģ
ˣλУˣ
̵ܽ칫ҽе
ֳʲô£Уʵ
ģҸղУſڼФ˵ǸгӷѧʲôµĻǾҪǶλˣ
ʲô⣬ⶼʲôʲôѽֲǱץˡСʲôʱǸӷʶģ
УʵУеҪô
ôôһФңһңһңȥҡ׼ҡ׿ҡҶһɡһ鷳
磬ȻıûֹͣСǼȴĳӷ᲻Σա
С꣬γ壬ȴţ£ˡپ˵
پǸһȥɡС˵
ˣȥҲ𲻵κεá
γʵô죿
ͤļҸĻҳְ˾ȳ
˼ֵܣһȥ
˲֪ʲôʱܵˣһپ˵Ļ
ǣ
˵ǳӷĺֵܣͬһģҲͬһҵġ
ǺãǸһȥ˰ɡ


41 ݺ
ྩйֵڣӷ类ѾһСʱˣȴûᣬҵŹصĽģ滹мľ߶ţǵȴʲôƵġ
ϰ˵ҵŴ˿ͼһʮ߰Ů죬ľԱһϾ̽˽ҽŸ
ĸϵĸɻϾ̽ļߵģڳӷȴŮϾ̽оԱԱߡ
ԭ˵ЭʵĹѾ㹻ˣΪʲôĸĸı黹ǳƣӷʱͺڿһΣյطƵģÿһ˵仹ǹ
ӷ֪ǽԼȻΪԼ˻ͤǵ飬Իļྩĵλ˵ҲԲ׷ŹԼģɳӷȴ̫ţǸĿŵĶԼɱ֣⾯ڣԳӷ粢ʲô
ٿŮһǳӣȴû˵ԲФл֮£Ӧྩľˡ

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ӷ硣
Ա𣿡
룬Ӧ԰ɣ
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Ҳ̫ɣ
ӷ⻰Ůǲˬ˵ʲôͻشʲôٸˣ
Ǿͺɣ
ͥסְַҵ
Ůһӷ綼ǷǳϵĻش𣬵⣬ӷеͿˡ
ӷ磬µʲôطʲôʲôһ𣿡
ˣЩԼΪԼ˻ͤǵôʵ¼ȫ޹أ
˵λŮ밸޹ص飬ҺûҪشɣ
ӷһʣŮŭˣվָųӷ˵СӣΪ㷨ɾͿ©ҿɸ㣬Ѿ˽ˣҲҵһ֤ݣ̹׵ĻǵǿԴӿģӲҪԣǾϴɾƨɵųӵɡ
ιһ£ҲǴ˼ûصӵĵزɣ
ˣС£ǾûҪʦڰʵģǱʲôطʲôһ𣬶Щʲô£
ӷΣȻ֪Ǿ͸ǰɣ
ҵȻѧУҵͬѧһˣȻΪһѧʲô
顣
Ůһֻһģ˵СӣٸװΪǲ֪ͬѾˣҲѾ˳ԶΪΪʵȫӦǹС
ʲôʲôѽʲôͬʲôԶΪΪʵӷǳ׺Ϳˡ
Ůһ£ҿǲʲôѽôͻˣ
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ӷһЦȻɫһ䣬Ȼ
ʲô
һŮĸͬʱγȫָ˳ӷ硣
ӷ籾ǲЩһ˵ϻģȻǻͰźõģǲԼ˵ʲôûã֮ǾҪԼԼҲûҪﱻԩˡ
ɳӷһ룬ԼϾྩģȥЩûõľȻסԼͬʱԼҲΪͨ͸պ˻ǵȦס
Ҫţֻˣ˶һѡǸղ˵ǲɵϵģҪ绰
㻹绰Ҹ㣬ˣʦĻᶼûС
Ͼ̽Ļóӷǳŭйʲôʱķɣ˵ģδ֮ǰԼҲǸɷѽԼȨʦȴֱӰԼȨǲԼϵȻֱԼѺֱ֮ǹС
ãܺãǳáǰɣҾ浽ףǹңҲˡ
νѣӷ粻˭б±ƵǾ͸Ǻĵװɡ
Ůɫķǳѿǻǵһ˵˿ԣоԱҪֽѵӷ磬ȴŮֹסˡ
ȻǾȰҵ뿴ֶܼá
ӷ粻мùأ˵ǵʱڵңҲˡ
㣬֣˭Ĺ˭
ŮߣҾͲˡ


42 
ྩнڿһҪ飬ֳФں˵صϣڴֻͻȻ
ιСѽڿᣬʲô»ؼ˵ɡ
ԼʮФںڿᣬӵŮĵ绰Ҳû˿ЦݣɼжôʹŮ
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СȲҪ˵ô£
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֣Ҫ㣬ҵĻǻݺѡ
Фںҵ绰ͬʱྩһڣһʮ˽ӵһ绰
ФѽʲôӣȻ绰ҡ
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ѽФô֪£
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⣬⡭ιιФ
йԬֳʵԬôˣ׿г㣬ǲǽֵФֳĵ绰
Ԭֳ˵ˣ׿гҪץĵʲôˣ˵ͦصģڣФִ绰ңȲҪ
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ι˵
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⹫ֱ˵Ԭĳ˰ĵһ
ģиѽгӷ磬챻Ǿֵ˸ץˣԬֳкӷȻõѣǾҵѣϣ㲻ҪΪ
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ģ˵Ǿֽྩѧץһгӷѧ˽һ£⵽ô£
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һս𣬻սˣóӷƳķǸɵּ˳Լ߳˹
û뵽ǵǵõ鱨һѾûˣȫ棬Ǹô죿
Ϸ˵Сѽ㣬ûȱϵοҪȫûˣ
УһҪ취ǣʲô취ءˣȱҪȱ
Сѽ㣬ġ
¡
ѸϷ屳վ˵壬ڻ㣬ͻΧȥҾȱ
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ѽЩ̫ǿˣǬ֮⣬û˿԰æģͿһǬҲ
ҵ˼˵ҵ飬ȻϵһгӷˣĿǰҲֻгӷܾˣ
ӷ磿ʲôˣ
ڲҪô࣬ҵĻȥңڻͻΧȻȥǡ
ǺãСѽ㣬ԼСһ㣡


43 ǿƵĹС
Ϸ忪һžյԽҰӽֱһ·ƣΪƵĹϵҲûһ
顣
ϷΪˣſʱȽǵƸˣ³Ϸ峯˽ȥ
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˫ֳСҪȥǲ۵ļһԱߣ׷װڸơơ
㣬㡭
Ϸǳæ˽ѪֱϸϻץˣԵʮǱ
һµĽۿȥڼϷһ̣Ľһ̴Ӱ̨˳סϷ壬ʵ壬ʲô£˭˳
㣬죬ȥСѽ㡭
˵Ҫ׷ʲô£
ʱڵпҲȫΧǶʶϷģΪϷѶĳ͡
ףⲻϼôˣ˭԰˳
Ǭеơƿ£Ҳ߹ʵ
Ǭ˵ǣȫӶ˽ܿѧоأСѽڻͻΧҾȱģ
Ϸһ˵ĽǬ໥һۣڽܿѧо֪ģǹྩһѧоڹҵͷŻܣоĶҲͨ󲻵ģĽǬݲͬȻ֪
ڣôоᷢ飿ӵĳԱΪʲôȫ
壬ѻ˵Сǵôˣ
ϷҲʱ䣬ΪϵԽãǾԽΣգǾͽȥĽ鼸ˡ
ϷĽĽ˵鷳ˣһŷܹˣ֧ӶӦˣǬ֮⣬û˿ϳѽ
Ǭ˵ĻܵЩϸȥˡ
ڿʹʹһˣǬߣЩ˴ϼȥ
ǵһ£
ϷסǬ˵Щ˿ɱеǿЩѾ˸߼ǵҲѾùˣܹȥǽǶһڻЩ׸ģ
Ľ˵˵ûˣ˵ӪȣصŶȥҿ֪ͨǱߣΧֶӵɣ
㣬ڵֶѾˣֶӵСѽ͹ˡ
Ǹô죿ѵྩľӸȥȥûʲôֱ𡣡
СѽڻͻΧʱ㣬ȻȥһгӷˣСѽ˵ֻǸӷܾǶӡ
ӷܵܣ
ĽȻ֪ӷĲ򵥣򣬵ҲὫֻĽ벻Σʱ̣ѾȻ˵ȫ˳ӷ
ǣҲ֪ӷܵܵϵѽ
ʲôһҪҵǸӷ磬Сѽһɡ
˵׷겻С˧Ӧ֪С˧ֻ롣
ѽô¸ˣ
Ľ鿴׷꣬Ҫ˵׷˵ңҲ
ӷܵܵ𣿡ڹܲôˣ׷֪꣬ӷܵܵŮΣգ㲻ӷֻܵܵ룬£㵣𣿡
Ů˾ҵŮˣǺðɡ
׷˵ߵ̨ǰһ绰֮˵ػˣ
ʲôʱػû취ˣڹٶ죬ȥһྩѧ߳ӷ磬ϸϵ
һȰһʧĽԼʮӺ˻˵ϰྩѧ˵ӷйָץˣҲûлѧУ
ʲôӷܱܵץˣ
ǵģǸǲʲôͻ׿ԷйԬֳץˡ
ģǻͭļңȻǵҲҶߣȫȥо֣
йһ¥˿ɽ˻ڸ˶ţΪ˫֪ԷĵϸĿǰΪֹ˭Ҳ
ԬֳһԷǳΣɱˣȻԼʰо֣һˣԼеġ
ŭϼһٲĻҾ͸ƴˡ
ΪҺ˲𣬲мǮѵǾԲɡ
ɽ˵Ǹݺ첻õѷųұ֤Ƕûӹ
ɽʶӷ磬ɼȻѣȻ᲻ܣ˶޷ߣԼԺҲˣ˶˵Լڽ֮¡
پѾͲסˣеȫҹ
Сӣ
ȫס֡
ۿ˫ҪˣͻȻһŮ˵洫Ҳ֪ǵڼˡ
תһֻʮ˴߽ҲŮҲ١
ĽǬϷͷ׿ԷǰʹĽ׿Էһ
ĽݴС㡣
׿ԷͷôùɣһӷѣɽȺѾԼˣڵЩˣ͸ӿֲˣǲҲΪ˳ӷİɡ
׿гʲô
ĽǿƵ
ĽݴС㣬Ǹɽеᣬԡ
ᣬ˭ˣϸҷˡƷ˵
ǬһνЦЦɽ˵ι˵ɽڣôҲϹѽ
ǬûʱģҰõѾȳٸȼ
ԭҲ˵ѽˣҲǡ
ǬһڳˣԱ߲˵ԬֳʵӦþһְɣ
ԬֳûǬҲ֪ЩԼһҲﲻФңҸҵˣ˸ĽݼҵŮˣ֪ԼļҵĹӡ٣
ûྩ
ˣҲ˵ϻһгӷ˷˰ɣҵû
Ԭֳһ󱩺ôΪ˳ӷѽǸӷ絽ʲôͷʶЩ˲ǧСǹӴү
ʵʲôˣƾʲôҪǷˣ
ǬЦЦ˵ྩĽɣ
ûӾǽ
ˣи֣ҵҲи֡ҽһ°ɣǬ
ͷеΣϽͰ͵Ǭ㣬ӣ
ʲôӲӵģҾһҵ񣬽һѱץˣ߶ѡ
ǣӡ
Ǭε˵飬壬ǲϷѽǻǵɣ
ûʱǺˡ
Ϸǰָ׿Է˵ӷһҪߣĻȥҸףүүҸ׽޳үүϲ¡
׿Էûˤʵ㣬ϴС㣿
Ľ˵˵ôˣϰӷܴܵߡĻүү绰ǡ
ѽңͼĽүӡΪ٣С㣬¾͵ûǴ߰ɣǣҲˡԬֳ㿴Ű죡
ι׿гǣǲѽңĶסѽ
Ǭ˵Ԭֳ㻹ʲôˡ
ǣǣǣϷˣϾͷš


44 Ӫ
⣬ŮŭʲôˣûиСӵͬѾйˣֻ֤֤ˣΪʲôҪˣ
Ů˵ֻܿϵЩּǲ֪дڵĲġ
һо˵ԬֳµֻҪӾͿˣҪΪʲô
ŮһϾ̽ʵӳǲǸˣԬֳô
ţҲѾ켸ʮˣЩѵ㻹𣡺ˣҪΪʲôϷ˾ǡ
Ůǲˬӣ̾ӵķֶӳ̾ӳȴᣬӳҪԼȥţ
Ѿͷðɣȥȥ
ӳҵŴ򿪣棬Ÿȵĳӷ˵Сӣˡ
ߣ㵱أ˵ץץ˵Ҿң˵߾ͷߡһǣҾǲˡ
ӷ֮ǰ˵ЩڵԼߣԼҲ뿪һ
СӣɱʶôߣûˣǾ㹻֤ݣܵ˺ܲ
˵Ƕͷ˾µЩҲҪӣܵųӷˡ
ѽҲ鷳Щ󾯹ȥҾʹǰ֤롣
㡭⡭
ӳóֻ绰Ԭֳ
һ¥Фʵôû
ԬֳǱ߲˵СȲҪϾͷųˣ
Ԭ壬ȻҰѣҲʹ˰ݵģǾһ͵ĻӦú
⣬⡭
֡
Ԭֳֻһ绰Ԭֳ˵СڿɲǲˣԼѽ
Ľ˵СӸʲôڿǾʱߣȥ
ڣӷ̾ӳ˵Ҳô绰ˣ߿ԣҪѽԩҵȫдȻǩֻѺҾ͸Ǻĵס
ЦҳӷôԩԩңҲûгɹٶҪ۰ɡ
̾ӳʵڲ֪óӷô죬ģȷǻҪԩӷ磬ֻû뵽ӷͷȻôȺүСһվԼԲˣߣ
ϵܣʵǸᣬ㿴ܲܡ
ٸ׽飬㲻Ǻ졣
⣬⡭
ӷܵܣ湻ûУ湻˵Ļϸȥˡ
Ľ֮һһ˽ңгӷʶģҲгӷ粻ʶġ
㣬ôˣӷ绹ΪԼĻǻѣϾӷ֪ѵݵģû뵽ûĽǬǵȫˣ
ŮôҲˣ
ߣЦģΪ㡣
ɽھͲˣʵСã⵽ݵĳѽһˣڿӣСҲ̫ѽ
磬ͱôˣҸСг𣡡
Ľ˵ӷܵܣСѳˣصȥġ
ʲô
ӷ͵Ӱһڳκһ˶ûͳĽǰʵѽʲô£
߱˵ɣˣǿҪС׼ˣ
Ǭɽӷ磬ƶһɽ˵ÿСӵʲôˣ
ңҲ֪
Ǭ㲻ʶ𣿡
ֻǼһ棬СѵѣҶ˽⣡
СӲѽŶˣղ˵Сѳ£׳ʲô£
߱˵ɣƽֵҪٴˡ
߳й֣ڵĽӷһϷ壬Ϸ򵥵Ľӷ˵һ顣
ӷüͷЦˣɣĿƻƬأ
ӷܵܣǿɲǸ˵ЦȻҲ֪СΪʲô˵ܾǣȻ˵ˣһа취ϸϹȥɣ
ȵȣҴһǣ
ӷͣ½ŲƷ˵ʦʵڲ˼ô˻鷳ܹ
ûϵҷǳ㣬ûҲͷˡ
ʦһеҪ㿴ܲܰ٣
û⣡ԼҪСһ㣬ǰĻɲˣ
ӷЦŵ˵ͷлФˣȻȻپ׷˵پ׷꣬ȥˡ
ǣ
ৡ
ৡ
ৡ
ӰһţʹФһԭأ⣬أô˵Ͳˣ
ֵܣȵҡ
Ǭϣɽ˵СãȻȥ˵һҽйؼ˯ˡ
ι磬Ҫȥѽһȥɣ
ĽԸһЩرʿ˵Ǹһȥæ
ǣϰ
Ϸ˵㣬ȻǵϢȾȳСѽ֮ϵ㡣
壬廹Ե𣿡
İɣֻƤˣҪġ
ԼСһ㣬һҪСѸȳ
ţ֪


45 ʼж
ӷһϽ⣬ֻһЩͨĹҵһЩڽСʱ㣬ҲԵʮְûκδ򶷵
پ׷껹ʶʱҲ˵ʲôվ˳ӷߣ˵۾Χȥ
ǲҴطˣپʵ
ӷ綨˶񣬵ûУ
յ׷˵
ǬɽϷ壬ǵرʿȫ˹
С㣬ѽʲôط
ϷϴˣڲͣѪʱ˿ĵΪһӣǾͶһӵΣա
ܿѧоڵص£ҲǵĽ档
Ŷ⵽һʲôоأΪʲôҪڵص£˵ЩŷΪʲôҪأӷ粻ǿֲжӦѡȺȽ϶ĵطѽôѡһܵĿѧоأҲ̫˰ɣ
Ϸıеɣǲ߳ӷص飬ӷҲ֪Ƕǹ֯ĳԱܿѧоֽڵ£˵оĶҲǲ֪ġ
ӷ粻ȫ˽Ļȥ˵ǾˣԼҲǲ
С㣬ڿ죬ҲϣΪĳЩСϸڵ·κε⣬ѽҪңҲаٷ֮ٵİհɣ
ϷȻ֪Ϊʲô˲ңƫƫҪԼӷϷŻѵľӱϿϷ忴ӷκεĶ֮ٶȿ֮⣬ҲûɢκڲͬϢ
ϷѣĽǴСһ𳤴ģ໥֮䶼ǳ˽⣬Ȼ֪Ѳȥһ˰æȻ˵Ŀǰֻгӷһܾǣǰ;Բ򵥡
ӷеһԣϷΪ˾СѽǣҲܲôˡҪסǹҵͷŻܣ㲻ýй¶ȥ
İɣҲΪ룬ҲѽΪѽ
Ȼˣˡǰʱ䣬һʯҹԱķ򣬹ҷºɳҵǿ̫յʯܽʯ͵оû뵽Ϣ֪ôıŷ֪ˣǰʱɳһǱҹྩҵأҲǽŸϵģû뵽˵ǵõ鱨һһкü˵˸߼ıԵǵ𲻵κεãȫӳԱ˻ڣڵпѧоԱҲɱˡ
ϷĽӷףӳ߼ԼΪʲôˣԭΪ˶ԷЩྩˡ
ֻǳӷôҲ벻Щ˾ȻǿԼƳķҲɱǣӣӪжɱԼмѵĶࡣ
ɲЩôǿ󣬼ȻѱأӷͲܼȡ
ģ
Ϸָһǰһսһķӣ˵ǶһݣֱȥͿˡ
Ǻãȫһȥˡ
ʲôһˣ
ǸһȥɣپҪ
ȻӶסˣȥ˾͵𣬻˿Ըһȥġ
ӷ翴ǬǸɽʵ֣ûĻӦ弶߰ɣ
Ҿ˵ֵ㲻ˣȻҵļ𶼿ĳ
ûȤһȥ棿
ȻˣȻҪȥġ
šλ֣ûĻӦ߰ɣ
ɽ˵Ǭ˵ûɽǽϵߣC
ɽ˵ӷ磬Ĵ磬ȻҲ֪С֮ʲôϵɼȻС£Ȼæġ
ΣɣĴ磬ȦӸ鶼ѽ
ǺǣҸֻеСѡˣڲ˵Щµ飬ȾҪ
һ£ӷ硰һ˵λ»иҪϣܴӦ
ôϻʲôҪ˵Ϸ弱
飬ϣȽ˾ȳȫǣΪֻͨС
ˣˣӦǣǸϿȥ˰ɣ
Ǭɽǵ˶˵ͷӷҲûʲôõĵˣǬֱӳڴȥ
ڽ뷿Ӻ󣬳ӷ˺ܿҵϷ˵ĵݣսݴ򿪣ӷʹ·˺һ鲼Լ
ֵܣʲôǬʵ
Ǻǣ̫ˣҲ뱻ӵԱҵĿ
ɽ˵Ǹˣˣ׼ȥ֮һӲ̣ʱ˭Ҳ˲˭ҪǾˣԾԲսǬ˾ϲսǧΪӵ˾ˡ
ɽڹЩ꣬ȻӸֲͬս˾飬֪ʲôΪᣬʲôΪء
İɣзִ硣˵ôˣȻȥɾ͵ڸСʬˣ


46 Ǵս
ײ㣬˿̻ѾмӵĶԱۼһ𣬵ǲܣʮ˸Χ
ڸô죿
ѵ˶ˣڵĿǰΪֹҲûκһԱЩƱȽصıǴһСɼԱţ˴ȥ
ˣҲܽǹҵκζЩ˵
ûƴ˰ɡ
Աֳ־˳˹ȥ
йˣ
ͷû˿ı仯׵վ˼Ѿ仯Ϊ͵ǰ棬ÿһ˵жûǵצӣȴκҪӲ
ʯҿԷһ·
ͷ˵һйôὫҵĶǣǾԲܡ
롣ȻǻĴϣǾͱȥˡСѣƴһս
ǣ

Ĵ£ѼѾƴɱеľЩ޷κε˺һ˵ϣϾͻ𻨣ɼЩȫǵǹ룬ͨı˲ǡ
顣
һӵĶԱһһŸߵǽϣ̳ȥ˸ײһѷǽϵĶԱʵû°ɣ
û£һҪغһأǳоңʯͱסˡ
Ѿͷ󺹣ԼĶԱȫˣƴȥɾͻԼ˵һȫս
Ǽסſڣ취ǳʱ١
һһ˵ͷȥ˵ͷհ㣬ѵľû˵ǽѸ˺üԶ
ȥǰ취ѽһûˣͲǵĶ֣
ս˵˻ߣ˱վʵ岻ҾȱȥΪʲôڻûϻ
Ҳ֣ҽзҵӦúҵѽǵҲһȫģΪʲôʱ䶼ȥСʱˣǻû
Ǽǣ
ǵģȫǹ߸ߣǬڣǸҪ˸ϵˣһܽЩ˸ġ

ֻצѹ˹צѳһˣӭһˡ
ǵȲȱˡСѣͷͿװܸĴۣҲЩ˵óѣ
һѪŭѾģһûнˣڿɲЩļһҸƴˣ
顭
顭
ѽڵĹȫһƳ˴˹ȥ
¡
һƴ˵ϣ˸˵ǽϣǽһɻҲѾһƣԼָˣ
Сѣϸסоҵڣｻҡ
Уһ֮ǵĶ֣ǲװˡ
Ǿȫˣ
ڸ޷ٽսֶˣȫĹҲΪղһľ˶ɱֵģƻѸ͵ֵסڳеĶԱ˾Ǳ˸ţ鲻Ȼѣ
ͷһֱûж֣·ڹ۲ʲôƵģڼһֱܻŻѣôͷ¶ЦӰһѳ˹ȥ
Сѣġ
Сѣ졭
жԱȫһ֪ѵݵģ˵ȫսΪǹٵģһ˵ĻٽʯˣԼЩ˷ǻô򱱾潻ѽ

ͷһƴ˻ѵؿڣ漴һֻס˻ѵĲӣеȫס֡
ѱЮ˭Ҳ֣ͣЩҲȫ˵ͷߡ
йˣ⼸СʱĹ۲죬Ů˺еرЩһȫڻİοû´ĻӦǱλ쵼˵Ůɣ
ιһŮʲô£ַſҸ㵥ŭ
Щй˿湻ŰģҲڶʲôˣȻ浥ûȻ壬ȴ֪Ĳһǵ壬ͬҲźǻۡ
ѷǳʹǱңػʯԲ䵽
йŮˣ˼ǲǵ˵Ļһϣ㽻ѡܿϧ˭ЩҪΪҪĶֻˣ
־ɱң˵Щеûģ
ģڻûõʯ֮ǰǲɱġ
ͷ˶˵ϽоҵŴ򿪣ʯóȻھɱйŮˡ
롣
ǳᶨȴû˵ڣʲô취أ

ʱ򣬵ײŷ˸еȫۿȥĿǰҲ֪ķˣ˭Ҳҵġ
Ž˿˵һĲˣһ棬˽
䡭
ֱƴͷˣôͷһûһֻ̱仯ΪצԼĻƽˡ
ѳʱ򵥽һ𣬳Ĵͷ˹ȥ
顣
һ˴ͷ˵Ķͷͷһŭܡ
צѵĲץȥ絶צץס˻ѣǿɾҪڻѵĲ¼ˣ


47 ʯ
Сѣĺ棡
һҪǰȥֹȴû뵽һӰǳ״򿪵˽գۼ˻ѵǡ顱һҲ֪ǵӰʲôͷһԹͷ˸
ʲôˣ
ͷǵľȱˡһӢ˵
Ļ졭ҪʱˣǵԽԽ࣬Ͻȫɱʯߡ
ǣͷ
ССǶҲܵһĴҪ޻ء
һһ˴ſ˽һ໥ײһ𣬾ȻǹֱӸڵأţһֻȭͷ𣬺ݺݳصͷȥ
ء
հͷȻ˵һȭ˷飡
ͷ˼һĻϵߡСģԷľȱߣ
˵ˣߣйߡơ
һӰ˽һǿĽϷֱһ˵ࡣ
󽫾Сѣû°ɡ
˿ĲСӣѾģӣ֪ȫѽ
󽫾ҪһӵϢ͸ˡСġ
Աһ㣬Ǭɽô

ͻȻ䷿ڳ˻⣬¶˲˺ü֮ǰĻһγ֣
ϵߣͷŭ
ˣֻǱȽϲѣҿɲʲôߣ
ʲôˣ
ȥʰɡ
飬飬顣
һĻ򳯴ͷ˳˹ȥķڻ
湦ǬǴ˸ߣ
ǣѹͲʶСӣСѵѣ
ȻӦӷ磬ǬɽȻй¶ݣ͵ʶɣԺеǻύʣ
ѽ㣬ʱɡ
ӷתԻ˵
ѱȽߣ͸ղŵһ˵СӣһΪ㲻ܽأ
ĸѽѽ£ô᲻أˣЩһｻҰɣȥǵ¡
ӷܵܣһôԸǣǿȫǡ
ɵĳӷ絥һӣ

һ˫ɫɵγɵĳ˳ӷı󣬳ٵȶţֻѷɵ˹ȥ
ǹôǾͿֵܲܵסҵķɵ
ৡ
ৡ


ܣʲôôɱԱ
ͷ˼ͻȻɱйСӿɲ򵥣
Сǣû˵йߣ
ӷ罫ɵָֹͣͷʵ
ʲôǴ˵ейߣ
йߣȫ嶼֪Ҳ֪ߵǿ󣬿ȴû
Ҳûǽöȼʶһ°ɡľۻʾ
ӷһƳһ˴˹ȥ
޴ƴһ˵ؿڣ˵ıȴûгκε˺ۣ˵˵ϣȫĹͷ¸¡ȫĽҲѾȫˣ
ѽ㣬㿴ֶλв
˿ԳӷĹҪԸЩӦò⡣
ӷܵܣͽˡãǾȻװϳˡ
ȻòĶҲ
ѽ㣬ߣҵ󡣡
ӷܵܣҪˣʱɲֻ࣬Ҫըˣ
֪ˣȴ˰ɡ
ѷһԱſȥ
˵УҪʯߣ
ˣϿ쳷ˡ
ôУҸһҪɡ
ӷ˵ǸʳŲļһѵһʯͷԼҪٲߣҿɾͲˡ
ӷһָ˵
ɵӷָԼʱıһҲû˵ʯˣֻɵɵĿųӷ֣Ȼ̧ͷӷ磬ʵ㵽ʲôˣ
˭ϸ˳ȥ
˰ɣ
УǣСʲôˣΪʲôС
˾ˡ
ҡ

ŹӵгԱǬɽ˳ȥȴϵŴ󺰵С˭Ϊʲôšָ
˿̵ĳӷĻΪǸģκңӷ绹ҪЩȫ
ըѿѽһ̰ɣ
йߣΪ𡭡Ҹ㣬·ȻʯߣҲйŷ֮ĳǽˣŰɣһġ
ͷһ֣˶һ䷿䣬Ȼӷһ󡰺Щ˾Ȼһȥ
ЩһɱѽǾˣ֪ʲôҪˣҪըˣһǡһ£˵ʯǲǼ䷿ڡӲűըҾȥʯʲôӰɡ
ӷоңһɫϷһЩоģһϾͷһСν
ӷǰһʱͻȻоھȻ̲һΰǵ
ѵʯݡ䡷أЩǿƳܶ෨ġҲûˣҽʯߣӦû˻ְᷢɣʱ˵ʯѾоһ˾ǣ
ӷ´ϲҪȥԭϿǼǳѵ飬ССʯɱȴԭ϶Ҫã
֡
ϵͳʮгԱ̳롭
оƣӷ̽ʯٶˡ


48 ֮
ڶ죬ӷలµĻصѧУѧУеѧʦ񿴹ƵĿųӷ磬ΪǻǵһμĹ֮ˣȻԻų֣˵ӷ罫ĹӴͷһ¶ûУܴҡڵĳѧУ
ܵȥˣҽӵĵ绰ģ͹ػˣ
پ˵ӷˣҵ˳ӷ硣
ϣӷ粢ûиǻϣϾʯʯֵĻҪѵֵĺöװ׻𣬳ӷɲɵ£ֻǴ˸绰پ˵ԼеˣʣµûԼȥͬʱҲپ߻ѣЩҲûǶʱӦò뿪ྩлСһ㡣
ȻʯĳӷҲ̻ѧУһϳӷڽҵһǳȫĵطʯһҲڱκ˷֣ӵķͷˣҿ϶ʯоصıըлˣǳӷʯƳԼҪķ
ҾЩңǰ˵ġˣѽûʲôɣ
پ˵ȻˣǵЩԱ˺ܶ飬Ƕ˵ʶ㣬СҲֻ˵ǻǮģ֮⣬ӵ˲֪ݡ
Ǭǻ˵㻰ûнԼݸǣԼɾ鷳ˣ
پҲѾ˽⵽˺ܶԼǰֻС˵пĶǾȣҲû̫š
ʵ벻Ȼޡ
پҵ飬֪ͿˣҪ˵
ν˲ɣ˲ãȻҪپǾҪԼҳϡ
ģ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵
ˣǸ׷Ѿʶ˰ɣ
ʶˣҲ֪Ǹɱ֡
ӽԺҵˣʲô£ȥҪ˻̫٣ŻķҲô׷Źҵġ
ģѾ׷ˣͤļٸҾ鷳Ǿɱļң˶ɱ⡣
ӷһЦ˵پѽҪסǿǺˣǲɱ˵ģҪɱҲ˵ɱͿˡ
ӷ粻ϲɱ¹ߣҲɱ˵ģҪɱĻǾһҾ徵Ĵɱ¾
ǣˣֻǣĿǰҸ׿һ׼öԸǼ£ŽҲ֪ʶѲ򵥣ԲġΪĵǻңϾǰྩһڰĺڵҲһİɣҪģǷʤѽ
پĵҲǳӷĵġ
˵һྩҲ£µǸңǲȻԼǰģһǶңҲ˵ҪӷʲôŶǰԼܻ֣Ҫһе׼˶ǰྩңӭӶǿƵı·ѡ
ֻѣҵҷݺùû뵽֮£ûô򵥡˾ô֣˲ңҲȥǱˣһ߳ӲݣҾ̲סҪеӲ𡣡
ֻҪһ仰һͷ󡣡
ãپҪ¡һŬҽ߱һʽɣ׷ҲһڶҪҵ֮ˣΪģǸǰ
پеԥˣ˵Ҵɱɱû⣬ˣңҡ
پӻ治ʺȥ񣬿ɵپԳʱһԱ
ѽⲻǳ𣬻ִҲѽ
ӷپתͷһͼһʮԼ˹
پʱǲмһǸ㲻죬жԶҹԶ
پ˭
һͬ࣬ǣǸö
һһļЦִ磬Ҫô˵Ҳͬѽͬ磬㡭
ͱ硣
ʱСܲ£ǺǣСܿǴ¼ѽ
һǳƤվپߣӷͬס˳ӷ֣Ц˧磬ԺǾԼˡ
ſ֣˭Լˣپˬ
ӷһȷᣬȴûиߣǶپʵپǰҲ𣿡
ǸսʱǣɺͶȭˣ֮ȭȭ磬ܵȭȥˣֺȭ磬ܵȥˣǾ磬ܻˡ
پĻӷȻǳ϶һǸʲôöپ˵ǣ
ǱˣֻҪһ֮߳ģپĻϼβˣһƤһĺ˵˧磬磬ԺҾ͸ˣʲô˵һ仰Сհ졣
پ˵ƾ㣬ʶЩС֮⻹ʲô
ʶС죿
ӷһתһʶСǶǰ𣿡
Ⱥһ˵پ˵ʶʲôǰˣҲǸȦӣʶĶЩûаɵС죬Ե֡
һ˵ִ磬ȺֵҲֻΪ׬ڷ𣡡
һûȤҵ֯
ӷһپһСӿɲãʱģ
ӷپļһгӣپҲٶ˵ʲô
ȻȤˣȤǳء磬ڿˣҶ˵أ
ô˵˵ȥɡһ㣬õʲô
ǮŮȨ˻Ϊ𣡡
˵û˵ȷΪš˵ܸԸԸңҵ£
һپҲ׷꣬Ȼֺܶ뷨ʵϴܸЩ
ܽͤǴͷܴӾƽ߳㻹𡣡
ϴˣҵ˼ǡ
һǮš
ӷ粻ԣӿڴóһǮݵ˺һǰ
һֱɵۣ̽ӹǮʵϴ⣬ң
ֻǸһǮǮѣպܲܵõ࣬ǾҪıˡ
ϴһ仰ʲôҾʲô
ԺҾ
û⣬үүû⣬ֻҪǮСүүʲô
ӷЦȺȫټɣѧǡ
û⣬ȥ졣
һ뿪󣬳ӷЦپǲΪʲôҪǸһ
ľһûǡ
پǺˡϵÿһˣĿ֮Ҫ֮˽ŵһôλϡҪǰҪྩǾͱضҪԼһ𣬿Ĳ׷ˣǱ뻹Ҫмթģ黫ģյģÿһ˶пֻ֮ҪЩȫۺһǲһСƨССֵϷȻǰǣȸҪõĶסǵθڣǲŻĸԸΪ¡
پȻкܶ˶ɾһҵӹŵˣжܰĵΪʲôӢۻڽΪʲôļۻ󺺵۹ؼ˵ķͬΪҲͬνĵ֮
һѽˣ
پ㲻ƨΪپǺһǾԵ㣬Խκ鶼ȥ졣ǸһֻҪõһӣҰģҪġһҪסȻúһȴܸйĽӴӲǣԶı䲻ˣںܶʱҪȥˣȹҵ𣿡
پ˵ǺףҲҪף
ܺãҹȻû㡣
𰸣ǳӷģ֤پ֫ͷԣҲ򵥡


49 
˵һСǲˣѽ˵Ǯǿɵ˿һСʱˣôӰ
һҷĴڣۼС죬ÿһʮңƽʮ˵ʮ꣬ÿһҲ࣬ķԱҪСģɱЩ˸ˣһҳӡ
һЦλֵȲҪϾ͵ˡ
һ˰ѶͷϵĴ󺹣ȺУԼֻǸСɫƽ͸Ǵ죬ʲôǰæĻҲҪԷģԲ̫
һѾٸֵһףҿɸ㣬µı㶼ûɱʱҪֵܶѽ
ƽ磬ǴҶֵǼǮֵܿɲǴֵûУ죬Ǯֵ˵Ѿëˡ
ǾٷϻǮһ°ɡ
Ǹƽ磬㿴ٷֵҪٿ޼죡
֪СӲǸˣԷ
ȫұ졣
˿̣һŮ˵˳һǱ߿ȥͼһԼʮŮվ˵ϣлһ֧̣ǲˬǳûУ֪ΪЩëƤС֣ȾƵ鶼ûˡ
֩㣬һС̫ˣһǺأͷһˣ¸̯Ӹˡ
֩볤һ㣬һװ˵ߣһ֪ǶŮˣΪҲʮְϻһ̣źɫģһõţп㣬һͷɫĳ
ѾĸҺǣ
һѽĵѽٲСܿɾҪȺ˲¹ͷļһˣ
Ŵ򿪣ӷپ˽
һӷѾˣǰЦѾķԸټˣʮˣȫǻϵġ
ӷ˵ͷʱϲ˿Цݣڰɨһʮˣȴû˵һ仰
һһСһµӣóӷ¡
λֵܣλֵҽ֮ˣҿԳΪ
˵һѾǰɣСƨǼ棬ӻʵء

һЦپüͷһ壬¸һȴӷסˣ˵پ˵ģɼܵģҪ
ǣ
ӷڰ˵һɨǽ֩Ůվ˵Ӧþǵϴɣ
֩벻м˵ֵܶ췹ԡ
Ǵڿʼ͸һ췹԰ɡ
Сӣ˵һΡ
ӷɫһ䣬Ӱһգۼͳ˵СǰҪ˵һΣ
ٶȣȺС춼ųһ亹Ϊӷв֪ʲôʱһɫСС˵С첱ϡ
ιСӣ㲻Ҫ֩뼱
һҲ벻ӷһ͸ȺһһɾͲðˣ
Ϊ˵һգһЦλҪţֻǸҿЦѣⱭҡ
˵һֳϻã֪ʲôʲô˵
ӷ罫ɵһ֣һصԭλ˵վûģǮ
˵̫ķϻӷ翪żɽԼĿ˵ˣҲ£ĵ÷ȸǵôź˵顣
پߵӷߣһɫƤӷϣ򿪺ƤʮЩǮȫǻѵģӷ绹ûļЩǮȥɣȻãǾŲһ°ɡ
ֻҪˣһӼôǮð⣬οЩСƽССһ²׬ôǮ飬ʮǵɾͬƽѽ
ۣôǮ𣿡
ڵҲҪӵڵϵ⣬ʲôѽֳ֮ڵģ˸ǮҪ£ǺڵϵĹأЩСȻ֪ǿɴûӹκεĴ⣬ϾûаɵྩڵǶǰ£ǰܽӵĶСĲСˡ
ҰЩǮûҪߡֻҪб£ܰ£ЩǮǵˡ
ʵֻǳӷĵһǮסЩС죬պԼ׳ǾͲǽǮˣһ˸оϵȨҲȥںǰô뵽պĺôǮֻǸӶѡ
Ǯ˵ʲôǾʲô
СҪǮ֩ȴ󺰵ȫס֡
С춼֩룬֩ǰʵСӣһ¸ôǮ˵˵Ŀİɣ
ӷǳĵ˵ͷϴϴڳҲŮһۣѹһŮ˿ȺСͷĿˡ
ҵĿĺܼ򵥣ЩǮӽ쿪ʼҵˣҪྩһȫµİɡ

֩һЦ֪ߵغСӣ֪ྩǶǰ£⼸С֮⣬޷ҲǶסģǲྩֲܶǣŻüСվסţɢעģԼ˰ˣ
޷ԼİɣΪǵ⣬ûһõĴͷˣ㱻ǳһɣҲϱɸġҲֻͬҪԸңұ֤պǶྩĻͷ
ƾʲô˵Ĵ󻰣
ƾʲôһ²֪ˡ
ǺãҾͿжٽ
֩γһذףӷ˹ȥ
ӷûһѾץס֣֩Ȼ΢΢һ


ذ׵˵ϣӷʵôܲǵϴ󣬳һ°ɣ
ſ֩룬ӷϺޱʵ
֩´һ³ӷ磬ʵʲô֣
ҵǲҪ֪ڳƺǿԸһһҾ
֩ԥһ£ʵǸ㣬˵ɶˣһɳǰҲŹǵģܱܲסǣ
ܱܲסǲ˵㣬Լա˵ǣʲô¶ҪҰǽĻǻʲô壡ûõˣˣھͿߣȻǮһҲáǶǲԸΪԼĽƴһѵĻĻҲ˵ղ˵ģڲõĽǵ֮ء
һεͷ˲µЦһǾ˵飬Ǿͻס
֩˵ãǴڿʼ˾͸ˡ
ãǴӽ쿪ʼǾҵˡֻҪǿƴٻ󣬲ڻ¡
֩ͿˣǶˡ
ţֲ
Ǿǵİɽʲô֣
йλǾͽжɣζưԶĵ
ֵǣڿʼǴҾͶǶˡ
ãá
ǽǸʲô
ӷ˵ûʲôش飬Ҳ֡پһǶˣԺȫȨң˵Ļ˵ĻڽʲôҲüǶŸճâ̫¶ϸļƻ֮پԸôġ
ӷתһپļ˵پڿʼҶĵһսҲڵʱҡȸǽһ£˽һྩڵϵ֮ٸҡЩǮ㰴ƽָǡ
پ˵ͷǣ֪ôˡ


50 ˮ
ྩҽԺӵгԱ⼸켯סԺһƶȶûΣգҲ͵ȫŸٰɡ
ǺõһΪӳӷһ˵ĵҩʹڼСʱھѾȬ˶ǳԾѵǻƼҵĲ֮أûѺõôġ
ڻѵҲû룬ϾӶ֪ƼйһĹңǴ˼֣ǵĵ֮࣬˲ܻ֪
˿̣Щ´ԱȫۼĲڣָҽŶʯ࣬Ҳһһģʮǵһôصˡ
ЩûУ
Ѹһ벡ͼ˶Ա֮⣬Ҳڳʮ꣬ʮķޣҲսѣͬӹȴǸڹΪͨˣԲǰߣгԱֶӵĳԱ㡣
˵СǣǵСѣҶһ㣬ЩһﻹྩĻȲҪǵ˺ˣǾһս
̾ʲôʱܸһѽ˳˻Щˡ
СǶǾˣΪˣǾҪʱΪңΪ
ˣˣСѣǱǶظԵĲϢɣɲҪ˿Ǿ鷳ˡ
ĶԱкȫظԵĲȥˡ
ʱ򣬻Ѵӿڴóһֽݵǰ˵鷳ǩ֡
ʲôѽܵҳԺǩ𣡡
˵ҿǵҸǮģʱ䣬Ժôûѽ
˵£治ҵһûĻҲȲǬǵԼȫӾѾˡ
ɵһ˵͵һʵǧСѣ֮ǰ㲻˵ֻҪǧΪʲôڶһǧ򣿡
鷳㶯ӺòãΪ͵ѽѵİֲҪǮѽһǧӪȷѣλֿɲ׸ɣҲҴӦģ
һǧӷ粢ûпڣǻԼΪӷҪģô˵ǰҵæյǮǾԵĹ̫Сˡ
ˣһ죬ͰҪˣСѣǸֵʲôˣܴܲң
˵ʵҲϾѾĸˣܿϧҲֻʶģ֪ݣһˣкûֻҰǮ㵽ָĹ⻧ͷϣҸͲ鲻ĵϸ
ѿɲɵӦӷȻҪ쵽ܳ˳ӷ硣
ıе񣬻ѽü䣬İָǩˡ
úϢЩ˵ʱҰɡ
˻֣Ҳû˵֪Щʲô
ڻ뿪֮ôʵôˣΪʯٵ鹢ڻĺˣѾϱ룬ҲֻǾÿϧ֪ǿûǣڳʯϢΪʲôй¶ƲҪ̫þͻϢˡ
˵ʯϼĶҪҪϰٱǧ
ǳ˽ԼɷֻҪǹҽһûɣԼüġʯ٣˵е£뷽Ҳ⣬˵ᵱʲô¶û
ڣ˵жҪʯҪǧٱⲻòģѵԼɷ˵̫ˣӳ
ɱңҪҪҽ
С֪ʲô֪ĶҲһġ
һϵ׼ʲô
Լӣ촽һǳᣬȴʮּᶨָ
ﱾƻһĻˮֱϻһ£ƻͬʱڵأ
㣬˵ʲôϼʲô
дžȣһֲ˼ľ֮飬ҲȥܱƵ֡
˵һΪۻˣˣȴ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ҵʱȷˣҵ־ǷǳѵģʱģȷָûҲܻῴ
ôܣָѾʧʮˣôܻǸܻأ
ǳܻأǳСǸָϣҲŻСǸ˵˭
˺һ˵᲻ɺϣֻһӡеָĽָ
Բܣ˵ĶҿܻϴָӦúǾԲϴģ
ɣʮǰָʧѽ㣬˶֪
ָȷʮǰʧˣСˣָǸһʧģһ˸͵ߵģ
ʵ˼ǲ˵ӸͻûϣСǸ֣ʮǰ͵ߵĺӣңָһֱںӵϣ
ֻҵĳƣҪ֤ʵһУһҪ˲ſԿ϶
أǸô죿
һЦ˵С㲻ӦҸô죬˵Ǹʮǰ͵ߵĺӣǽᷢʲô£
ᣬᷢʲô£е֪ʣҲ룬ԲŻдһʡ
˫ۿ컨壬̾ɾʹˣǶóʹʹԲŻƭҴ磬˵زˣ֪ǵĶӻϵĻ룬ҴƢǻô
˵ҴƢȻҲҵƭˣûˡǸݴ磬Ҫ֪ƭĻǻҪѽΪҪǣ⣬׳ģ
ѽЩҴƢȶʮǰ࣬ΪӵҲѾʮûˣүأλϵĲүҲΪӵĻ䣬е⽻Ҵ⼸ŮȥԼȥˣ˼֪£һŭ֮£һ˼ĽںХ
ͷ˵Ҿۣݲİɳӣʮǰ޷籩ʮǰĻķ粨Ϊ˵ǸǸ֪ʮǰ£ǵù˿ɾͶˣ
һңѾηˣټԼҡ
Ϊӵ飬ҴʮǰҴΪĴŻᵼºز۵ģʮûԭ¹磬滹ϵĻʵʵҲһǻѽ
ҵ˼˵Ǽ£ֻǣģ滹ϣǺָôôҴ㽻ôүӸүӽҲΪӵ£ˮˣڵһ׳Щȥߣָôȥԣ
Ҿã滹ţǾͲٷʮǰĴˣ뽫¸Ҵ磬ôǣҲǸܵġĿǰΪҪģȲϳֵǸˣǲʮǰǸӣ϶֮ǷһʱȥϸҴ磬Ҵԭǵģ
˱۾˵ϣ˰ɣ


51 ڵƻ
ྩĳڣļȫۼһ𣬻ͤҲѾԺˣٴǲܰװһҪģྩĵλ
֣һҪӷ
״˵ԼбƵģ˴ˣֻ֪
ӱ죬˶Ļѵȥ˲ȡ
֣㲻˵ѽǸӷʲôļԸ˵ĻǸɴͰ˵ˣྩȥˡ
˵ѽ壬һӷ綼˵ĻԺôྩȥ
̾˿˵ԭΪһ¶һ绰ܽ˭ĵǸ¶ı󣬾ȻĽݼǼӲĻûκεĺô
׿Է˵ȻǸ¶ĽݼҸ⼸ҵ˳ҲĽݼǵģĽݼҵӲҪֵĻҲֻϵһ±Ǳߵˣ
ͭ˵ȲҪһֶѣҪþǱߵǾԵЩ̫ûˡ
֣ʲô취ĵĸʵ
¾ͽҰɣȻð׵ĲУǾúڵġȻû취ֱӶС֣Ǿʹߵ֣ҾͲţļҵһСֶˣ
ФңʱƷҲ˹ФĸФںĸҲڡ
ϣФںһݱֽЦǼС˲ѽⶼϱˡ
ֽǵྩѧŴţȻҲλ黭ʦҪФΪŵܵдȥˡ
ֻ֣ǼС¶ѣưֵġ
Ůô£ֵܲѽ
Ʒ˵ֻϧѽССɵϾܾ˹ǣڵͷһ󡣡
һ࣬˵СﵽЩʲô֪λǴʦʦүүǶѣôܵôߵܾأ
裬ҵͱˣȻиõʦ򣬴ϵĻôܻᱻүүǿС
ѽǡ
ˣԷɣŮѾˣзִ硣
ФЦЦƷʵˣС̣ӷȥѧУ𣿡
Ż֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
˵ʲôأӷɲˡ
ǼСǳˣ֪Ҫ̸ˡ
ॡ
ｫӷ£ФʵСղ˵ʲôӷ磿ʲôˣƷƽӷλ㣬ȻҲӷ˻ͤˣץҲ˵ˡ
ƷƵĻǳˬСɱ˵û㣬ݸŮӲһٸЩĵ˻һ𡣡
裬˵ʲôأʲôĵˣӷǸǳõˣңֻѶѡ
һӵ˶֪һֱФܼ˺ţֻЩŹӲԼŮФҪһһеһĻԲͬġ
Ȱѳ˵ǰ棬ʱɱû㡭УҰһףԷϺֹ˾ٶңҺú׼һ£ѧУǱҲѾ˼٣ʱФҵ
裬ⶼʲô㣬ôܡ
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ﶪһݻҲԼŮͬͬͳˡ
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Фںҡͷ˵СҲ֪Ƣ˳㣬ȥɡҲиҪԣ
ФںŮԼ£ڡФ£
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ܣԼҸԼա
С̽һɲܸҽġ
ʲôС˵
Ҳųӷһļ٣ͰѳӷȥԳӷĲܣһܽǸֹ˾ٶҸߵġ
ФЦע⣬ͰС̵ķ
ྩڵ£֩Ѿȫˡ
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Ыͻ˵˵ľ
پ˵Ыİʮ꣬Ϊϼ޻ҲǳɫûŮȴӣҪǵֳɫ鳡ͻİаʮ꣬һһŮΪ˻㹻ҪǵĶĳƷгǰǰܶೡȴûӮǰЫͻﲻ֪ΪʲôͻȻֹͣǰᣬͿԼĵ̣ûκεż󡣡
ӷЦǱǰˣǻ³ΪྩΨһڰŲŵĻͱˡ֤ͤҲǸ򵥵ĽɫЫͻתע꽫Щܼת죬нҡ׿Ҹ׼ڵĶǰڲϻϣ൱Ӵ󡣳֮⣬ڶǰһرʿٻʶЩˣЫͻﲻŵ̶ƶ벽
еڸôЫ֣ͻ
ȲŴʮ˵׷꣬˾ͻƴɱ˶ѣ𲻵ؼԵá
˶٣ӷ˵ȥ֩ǣҵЫͻĵȥˣҪס˵ʱЫͻ˳ͻԷ࣬ǾͶ֣ٵĻǾܣֻҪڰаǾͿˣҪÿζ档
پеͿ˵ȷһ£ǲˣΪʲô˶Ǵ򣬵Ƿܣ
ӷЦһʤ̣Ǵʲô˼ȻǶŸճܷâ̫¶ҲʲôеʱҪһµġ˵𣿡
پصĵ˵ͷ˵ˣҪڲ䣬Ƕͷȵ˷ӦʱǶѾ׳ˣǸʱҲѾԸκһ潻ˡ
ȻˣûʲôҪ¾ͱңȫȨ㴦
ǣ
绰𣬳ӷһ绰ǻѴģԼȥһˣ
ôˣ治֪ʲôپȻȥϢɣ㾫׼һ£Ҫȥһǡ
õģģһƴǶ̵ʱġ
ƴ¿ƴʱǧҪƴƴʱ͸ƴס
˵꣬ӷתȥ


52 һ
賿һ㣬ӷӲǱѸеǣһ·ϳӷֻûͣһֱ죬治֪ѵʲô
սǣӷ벻ǣۼ˶ʮˣÿһϹ˿ͣҲ˵ϰĽ⣬ȫرʿ߾ǹߣʹձĺܲԾ
žžž
Ĳʴȫ˳ӷϣͬʱڵȫӷΧ˹
ӷһ£ʵô£
ӷܵܣ㲻ôԾôйΪ˴лСѣڿǵӢˣЩӦõġ
ĽߵӷǰЦ˵
ӷѽȸ˶бҪ˼Լɲϲֳ档
㣬̫ˣϵӦģûʲôлģ
ӷܵܣ㲻Ҫǫˣǵ˿ɶʶءȸһ¡
ǰʱӷҲֻʶĽ飬Ǭ˲ûнӴ
ڣĽҲʽӷһһŽܡ
λģкڹϴμġ
һʮЦݵԳӷ磬ӷ绹ǵģϴεȷˣʱڰ̨ˣҲû˵ϻ
ӷһʱ͸оڹɢͬϢҲ˵Ǹߡ
ֵܣҺڹͿˣǵϵߣDǰıֿǳԾѽӶԸ˵ˣȻô̵ʱڽӾȳӢ۳ѽ
ӷЦڴˣҲֻõҡ
˶ͺƽˡ
һʮվ˵
ҲҪĽܣҽֵܵܣܸʶ㣬ҽＦԽСϼҲУǷϵߣԺǵһˣҾֵˡ
ӷЦＦãҳӷͿˡ
ֵܣҽд棬ǻϵߣԺʲô㾡˵ֵܵĸ𡣡
á
ֵܣҾͱɽǱϵߡ
λãλá
Ǭ˵ֵܣɽ֮ǰѾˣҵĳӣҲĴ磬ԺǶԼˡ
ɽǬվ˳ӷԱߣӷ̾˿õţɽӦҲ̫ô򽻵ɣˣٽӴΪãɲҪʲô鷳
ӷ磬û뵽һߣôҸʱȻȻɣ
ӷѽ˵磬ʵҸеᣡ
СõҲܣҾʶһߵǿʲôط
˵˵Ҹʱɣȴǽ죡
ι˵ǻû꣬ӷܹܵģĴȥ
վΪӷΧǿƣԵǿƣǬ˸ˣ
С˧磬أ
֪ʲôʱ˹Ѿͷôÿμ涼仰ӷΡ
Լȥ棬СѽӷҪ
ߣʲô˲ģǾ˻Ҳѽ
ǲˬ߿Լȥˡ
˵ӷܵܣҲҪģ˻ûãֻеȹлˡ
ѽ㣬̫ˣֻǾ֮ͶѣûҪߣҲϲ˶֪£ҡ
ӷܵܣģ֪µľЩˣҲ˽˵ȥģɷġ֮⣬Ժʲô£ֻҪһ绰ǵˣᾡһģ
ѾˣǵĻһᱻԩģ
ǵľơ
׷ԱĻͦģѸӷ̽ơȥ
ӷ˵׷꣬ûмپֻ룿
Ѿˡ
ţһЩҪһȥ
ǣ
ڶ飬һپ϶æģȻӷĿǰֻ£ǾҪȫɳȥҲиİա
λϣѸĽһ𣬳ӷǵĶ棬ԱߵɳϣǬɽųӷ£ɳӷҲû̫ȥ⡣
ӷܵܣǧѾЩ˼֮˵ݣǮֱʿиУһҲͲ˲鵽ͷˡ
˵ţѽſ˳ӷ磬Ļ湻ܵģὫǮ浽ڵУҲԼ߳ӷ֣ЩѾʧ֮˵ݿϻѵĹ԰쵽㣬ǳӷҲͷ
Ǯǳӷ绨˺ôĹ׬ģȻ
ӹ󣬻óһԿף˵⣬ΪϰӣҪһǧ򣬲һǧѾһױྩõıȺװ޸Ҿ߶ȫˣʱ԰ȥס
ۡ
ӷһھƸ˳ǻѸĽĿĻҪ絽ˡ
ѽ㣬˵ʲôһǧһױ
ѽҲӦõģøҿ
ҲŲأֻһǧһױţܼѽ̫ܼˣһǧҿܽǧǧģȻֱӸˣ
ӷֱεһǧԼûôǮЩǮԼĻԼ飬Ȳ˵䷭ȥ׳󶫰ҲǼѽɻѾȻ̶Լһ£ȥױүһǧıС㣬ǲ̫˵㣡
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ˣӷܵܣ֪ʹһǧ򣬿ı£һǧܿ׬ˡˣϴҳɵеôˣ
ȲҪҴӦȻ쵽ⲻЩСС𣬴쿪ʼҾͽУһ׬Ǯ
ǽҿɵĺϢˡ˵ǳɸ֣ԡǺǣģԼŰ죡
һ֧Ʊ˳ӷӷһͷ˵㣬ܲܲҪô㲥һʲô¶˵ģ
ĽЦӷܵܣӦòҲ׬㻨Ǯɣ
Ǹ⣬⣬Ǯһ׬𣡡
ֵܣ˰ɣ˵Ļڳȥ档
Ǭɽߵӷǰֱӷս
ӷһ룬ٴ˵˶ԼˣԼôʱˣΪ
磬磬Ȼ£Сܾɡ
ãˬ죬ߡ
ιǬɽǿɲҪ̫ˣӷܵ컹ҪϿء
Ѻɳӷ뿪ǡ
Ľ˵Сѣ˵ֶһֱһ߼룬òӷܵɣ
˵ģҲӷܵ˵ˣȫ綼֪Ȼ͵Ҳ¡Ժᷢʲô£˭Ҳ֪ӷܵܵ͵ãӲ֪
ӷܵԽԽˣ˵ɢЩѾ˲ͬ֯ӣԺеæˣ
һһɣǱ߶Ҳɣ⻪йΪĵطԺӾʣ


53 ˵
ģ̫ɹƨˣôѽ
˰˵ĴȥϿΣû뵽ӷȴˣ
ң챻һһͨҶ˯˯
ģ˵ʲôλأһǶû㣬ϼģ
ӷֻǲͣҡ֣˫۶ˣҲû
ϴҿ˰ɣϹƶȥ͵ˣǾȥϿΰɡƽŴ˵
ûļһȻһͨҲǣˣ
ϳǺ󣬳ӷͱǬɽ峿㣬һܴذӷ绹ãǬɽûһǺѻָˡ
ȻһͨҲֻдѣӷ粢ûó湤򣬿ǬɽȻ˳ӷ
֡
ʮӣӷֻ
ι˭ѽһĳʲôò˻ˣ
绰ͷǬֵܣϼɡ
񾭲
ӷǲˬֱӽ绰Ҷϡ
֡
˭ѽ
绰ͷɽ˵ֵܣϼɣ

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˵û꣬Ųһǣ
ιӷңФ
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ӷ뽫ֻˣŮǰֲʧ˷ȣֻеķ꣬˵ѧ㣬ʲôµ˯˵ɣ
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ʲôûһ㾫ȥˣȥپɣʲô£˵ˣ
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㣬УſڵŶ
Сʱ󣬳ӷһ޾ɵ߳ѧУФվһ۳ǰӷˣǰȥ˵ȥ̳·
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ǻѽôͳô˧ءˣ㴩һסС㣬ˢߡ
ҲҴңȥҲҴңӷ綼ûӦѾһһ¿ˣָ߼ӷ绹ĵһδ
ʮ㣬ФųӷһǼľƵſڣ³󣬾ƵĹԱͣȥˣӷʵѧ㣬쵽ʲôһ·ִǼľƵ꣬òǸɣ
ЩܲõģЩණӷ磬ڴȥ裬Ҫú˵ǧҳΪǼҵˣ
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ˣΪʲôҪȥ裬Уһ⡭ѧ㣬ɱѽ
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˾Ƶĵݣ˵ʮ˲㣬ǲǷǳ߼֡
С㣬Ԥ𣿡
һݣһСʵ
ˡ
Ƕλ㡣
С㲻˵ĿˣֵطͨҲǲĻʲô⡣
ڵַǳţԷ˷Ǹеһȫҵг֮ʿŮĿȥʹһֲһ飬óӷоܲá
ʱФǷѾֹͣ˫ۿ򿿴ߵĲˣһʮҵĸˣŷǳ񣬶һǶʮ߰꣬һɫװһ۾һֳ֪ŵĴү
ӣǲ˼Ůƽϲٵϴ绰
ϴЦ⣬ȴһǳӣҪӰֻ
Ц̣ҲФСһ·ʲôµˣǻȵȵȰɡ
ӼЦˣ·϶³ԡ
裬Ѿˡ
˿̣ФԱ˿ɸվҪΪӽʱȴԼŮȻһ
Сǡ
裬ұ绰˵һģĵ绰ǴͨģҸպøȥμһչʱҲˣ⸽Ծһˣ
ıʱķǳѿҪѣԿֲֻöݺݵĵԼŮ
ӷˣԭФ˵ľѽ˵ФС㣬װҸⲻ˭˭ˣӣҵĳ嶯У


54 ֻƤë
Щ뺦Լˣ˺Լߵˣӷ粻˿ԥɱɱ÷ϵķϡĳϣӷȻǸ߿״ԪֵķǳòεѾʧתΪ˲õЦ⣬˵ãҽгӷ磬ǾѧСѡ
ӷӦʵФ벻ԭΪӷڼһʱʸͣȴûϵӷϷĹɲڻ֮£
ФƽѳӷΪ֪ѶˣȻӷ˵ϣФʲô
ɫԽԽѿݺݵĶФ˵СҲ̫ûˣ˼ӵôò˵ڻ˸ĵǳǰɣ
Ф˵裬˵ʲôءӷҵѣʲôĵˡңҲѾ˵ˣǽһ𿴻չ⸽Բһġ
㡭
ﻰδ꣬ȴ˵̣ģȻФСѣҲǳӭФС㣬λǻİɡ
ӿȥǳʿҲФû뵽ģɳӷȴȥΪôȻˣǾͰФⳡϷ꣬˭Լѧأ
ӣʵڲ˼С⺢̫ˣЦˣ
˵ﻰҸཻ꣬Ͳôˡ
˵⻰˭ĳ˵ǿȷǺܿϵĻ˭˵رֳŵ
ȻӶ⣬Ǿɡ
ǲԸӷġ˳֣°ⳡ׸ƻˣ˵ԼҸϺҵĹϵҲû˵ǰ㣡ﰲⳡףҲϺҽףΪĲǮҸФҲȱǮֻԼҸԼܳò˥ǾҪͣ粻ͬԣԼŮһҪһԼ˶ˣֻǮѡ
ӷФ֮ʵФС㣬Եʲô
ФɲɵԼˣ򣬽콫ӷɾͰ״ˣ
ӷ磬ԵʲôʲôҲʲô

ӷһͷ˵ФС㣬鷳㣬ûѧϷҲϷɣôôֱأҲ̫˵ɡ
Ϊ˽ԼĽɫݺãӷһ˵һŮҵģϻĶٳԣǵ嵭İɡ
˵꣬ӷ˼˽˷Ա
ǿסеߣ˵ӣǼСĿǰྩѧ飬Ҫҵˡ
˵ФСѾǴˣȻѧȴܱҹΪ̳ʦУ㣬һУҲҲڶˡ
£ҲǷǳˣвФʱܾ˹ԼŮδ߳УţѾǴʦˡ
Ѿͷ̫԰ˣʱȻܾ˹λҥ𡣲˵ֹ˾ְ黭ҲһѽϺǱΪţܸǼСµĻҲһμѻˡ
裬㲻Ҫ˵߲ѽ
Ц̣СֶɲҸФСȣЩҲϺǱߵ˺˵ģʲôŲŵģСֶɲҵ
ФЦǰԳţҲ湻ֵˣ
˵ФС㣬ʵҲЩһڰ⣬ûж롣ФСϲĻǻǿԽһµġ
ӣȻ֪ǰʱţҲһϼĻɡһӣϿԻǷе⾳𣿡
⡭
Сô˵ģ˼ǿҪӵĶѽ
̣˵ФСǷҵȷڱֽϼҪСֶǵ⾳ĻСֶ˵һʱܻĳСֶһʱ䣬Сֶûġ
һꣿӣѵ㲻֪ҵʱֻǸʦѧһ£ǸֻĸСʱʱ𣿡
Фôһ˵ӵɫʮѿ
ФС㣬㲻ڸҿЦɣѧһ£ĸСʱܳǵȾ׵Ʒ
ƭʲô
ФС㣬ܲܰһλʦҲһ
ѽλʦƢȽϹŹ֣ĸŮأ
ۡ
ӷʵûסһڲ˳
˵С㣬ⲻλŮӦĸ
ιĵСҲ̫û˰ɣôˮǲǹģ
̣ʵڲ˼Ϊ⼸еСðԲš
㡭
̣ûµģǻǱ߳Աİɡ
߳Աã鷳ǳԿһ㣬Ŀһ㣬һҪϻȥ˯أ
ӷ翴һФе˼ҲѾˡ
ФӲ˵ӣղ˵黭һһ⣿
ФСʣֻҪΧ֮ڵģһش𡣡
ФţΪ˲˷ʱ䣬һͽӸ㶨Ĵ𰸣ԼҪ֪ΪԼһڡ
ӣãΪ٣Ϊ壿Ϊ飿Ϊ
һȻʣ㶣˵ΪΪΪѧΪ֪˵ĴФС⣿
ܷľ鳤ѧʣסʵӵĴ𰸣ڱ˶ԣȷģҲ̫ȥ׷е⡣
ФҪͷԣҲҪ˵Ǵ
񲻶԰ɡ
ôˣФСѵ߼
ʱͽӲϻЩһϲͨΪӽΧû취
СʿɶֹҪ̫ˡΪӵӣ˵ҲûֹԼŮ鷳
Фмʵ⣬ҲǺ
ȻԼҲͰ
Фȴߵĳӷ˵ӷ磬أ
ӷʱ֧̣ȣѧѧЩåֻϧЩ³ӷ
ǰɣ
˾Ϳˡ
һ£дʲô˾ʱֻЩʲôе֪ʶѧȥҪѧҪһ黭ҪеĺҪ
ãФֻӷ˵𰸣û뵽ӷ練ָӳĸ⣡
һʱƿԣķǳѿ˵ǰФŮ£û˵ӷԸФĹϵ򵥣ФʾģԼԼĻӡ
ǣӷĸ⣬ôҲûͷֻסеķŭ˵ָ̣
ָ̲ҵ֮˵Ϊֻ黭ı棬ûѧľ衣˵䲻Ļν黭һʵֻǶƤëѡ
ӷ⻰ɾͳŭվ˵СӣΪʲôȻ˵˵㣬ҹ
裬ôԴҵѡ
Фҿɸ㣬ҸĻԺͱؼˡ
衭
ӿɲɵФĸŮҲΪԼûòɵģ飬ȻҪֹҲΪ˱Լӡ
̣ȲҪСֶҲλѶ黭ļ⣬СֶЩѧģǲֻһƤë


55 ˵
ӷЦдеߵĸ飬ͬĸĽͬģ˵ĸоȴһԡ١Ϊ飻֮ھ˼֮£ԵѾһˣһսеСսҲǼҹսп֮ս֮սԡ塯Ϊͺñսģ˼鷨Ҳ鱾鱾˵ɣ֪ʶҪѧȥѣѵѧһζĶ飬ǾӣֻнѧĶ磬ǲѧʶԡ顯Ϊ䣬ǧ֮䡣ڻСڵʱǸѾֳˣӸղ˵ΪûǴ˶ڻ⣬ܶҲֻлȴ򵥵ĶҲҪĶǾǻ⣬Ҳһ⾳һֿùۻ֮һе⾳ӷ绰䣬ֳ飬ĺŲ裬һ֮С
ӵɫԽԽѿԼĲѧѾǳǿˣû뵽ྩӷˣ仰䣬ͽԼԨرǳӷǲæ̬ʵ۷
ФϲԭΪûô򵥣ӾԲǸ򵥵Ļɫû뵽ӷ缸仰ƿԣͲ֪˵ʲôã
ڲ˳ӷ磬ӷж˿ĳ嶯ˣԼòϵҵˣФòѧʶԸλҵļ̳˽õģû뵽·ɱҧ𣬽Լļƻƻˡ
Ʋ˸ոϣĻϺʱҲһһĴˣû뵽ྩʲôˣʱߣѵ
̣ʵڱǸСֶྩеҪͲˡ
˵꣬վһԼ·һ۳ӷ磬ȴФ˵ФС㣬ʱĻӭϺ桭ȻҲӭλͨ黭ĳ
ܲãȴܷй˵һ裬ྩĵͷϣȴҽǴүó
ӣȲҪѽʲô˵ɡ
ﱾסӣߵ̫죬תۼͽ˵ݡ
ͬʱһݵŴ򿪣ФںҲФĸʱ˹
ô˵Լҹ𣿡
Фںʵ
ŮڳӲˣͲҷˣ
ФںһĲʵСô£
ФںﲻһһŽԼŮţҲ£Фͽղŵ˸ףФںһ۳ӷ磬Цǳӷ磿
ǵģФá
ţʱ񡣡
ʲôĵСӸҵġںѾ޷ҽˣ㿴ôɣ
Фں˵ѽѾˣԼδӦԼգĸֻף
ףףⲻĵСһ𣿡
ƽƽģϾٻ¼壬ĳϲøƵġ
ӷ磬㣬ʲôʸŮһѵ㲻֪Ůĳ֮𡣡
ӷ˵̣ʵ֮ǰҲ֪ʲô£Ҳ˵ѣСĵƵġ
ӷ⻰һФɫķǳѿͣųӷ·
ӷЦЦ˵һ¹һ£ȻСĵƣҸսʱѾϲСˣԸչСһܵκε˺ܹңҲһᡣ
ӷҲ֪ФںôúƵģʵ˵Ҫƭǿ
Фںһ£ȻЦ˵СѲϲʵ˵ѣǸˡ
ФЦԣҲ֪ӷ˵ǲģڵФܵ
ȴм˵ıȳĻã֮ǰҾ͵ûӷ磬㣬ﶼЩʲôˣʲôģ
̣Ǹ¶޸ĸĹ¶Сǹ¶ԺһС
¶ЦЦһ¶ȻҵŮһ𣡳ӷ磬ҷǳ㲻Фϵõô˵ҪǮʨӴ󿪿ڣǮϸҹ
裬㲻ҵѣ㡭
ұ죬һ¶ѣ㲻Ҫǿɶˡ
ӷ˵̣Ȼǹ¶ҲȱǮǮҶԣܴһУǮһθĻθҲ᳤á˵ûǸ¶ûʸСһˣҿԱ֤һŬСҸģ밢ҡ
㣿һ¶ӷ磬ҪФҿɲô򵥣Ҳȥںһ˵δδ޿Ф˵ҲûãҪģһ֧ФҵŮһǿƱŮЩ𣿡
ӷҡҡͷ˵ûС
ƾʲôŮѣ
ƾһĿô
һܽάȥϵĵλĻǵǿԣǿ𣿡
Фŭˣվ˵裬㲻ҵδڼϣͲҵ𡣡
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ӷסФ˵СԽĻϾͲôìܷˣˣĸŮ֮ĹϵͻѺۡһθǱ˴˵ģҪõĸϿɣǲ㻹ǡ
Ҫ˵ˣ㲻ߣߡ
ФǷŭ˳ȥӷҲΣӣⳡϷԼûѽ
壬̣ʵڱǸȥȰȰɡ
ӷ磬ٸװˣҸ㣬Фҵţˡ
ӷЦĵ˵ѽ˵ġ
Фں˵С侲һ°ɣʲô¹˵ӷ磬ȥ׷Сɣ¾ͱˣ
õģֻ̣˵ǸˣԺ·Զ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô£˵һеĹ¶Ҳзɻڴһ죬࿼һ°ɣ


56 ԼŮ
ྩҽԺ
һϽ⼸ҲѾתʱԳԺ
Ұ˼СѽʱӴȫһ飬϶ʶģһȴС½ύģǸ˵ϡ
ϴ˿һ۾ͿһԼʶƬ֣
ӷ磡Сճ
ûӷʮ꣬ྩѧһľϵԽʡZУǸ¶СZĹ¶Ժġʱĵ飬Ͳ鲻ӷĸĸ˭ʮǰZй¶ԺԺӽֱ߼ȥģʮʱ䡣
ʮǰ꣡ôɰɣӷպʮꡣ
˵ˡ֪Ǳоص죬ӷ罫ļҵСӸˣ׿ԷйֵԬֳӷץ֮ҡФҸҵͬʱȥйָǷִ
˵ӷ粻ѽŵྩһµʱ䣬ͽʶҡФҸҵˡôǿƣԽ׿Էһһгʲôõġ
ƾȻԿ˽ļң֪ʲô𣿡
˵
ǸҪʱǵͻȻϵ׿ԷסˣŽǸӷȳ
ʲôǵˣ
ûԳͬȥĻǬΪҪǣǵǷйȥġ
壿˵Ƿǽей־˵ģ
ûϴεıûĻʱСѵڻ³оأȥҾȱģɷΪʲôᷴܵȥǾһ֮ˣң˾ȳ˵Ǹָĸ־ͳ˻أǲҲ̫˵㣡
ϸϵƬ˵񣬸ڻصĸоŷֵʶҸ統Ҳǳѵʮǰ͵ߵǸӣҴĶӣ
˵ͻȻ顱һű˸˿
תͷȥֻһװʮ߰ҵĸˣ˽˼ϵļ𣬾ȻҪ߳һǸн
ˣȻһ˵㣡㣬ôྩ
Ůнߵ˲ǰһ˫Ϭ۾˵ұྩɵģ˵÷ˣԾҽԺ̽һ£û뵽ѽյſڣЩҲӦĻ
ͷ亹ʵ㣬㣬㶼ʲô
ҶˣģҲˣǲǸýеǷϽˣ
ڹǰŮԼ˾˽ԼŵĶ㣬ҲԼı㣬ܲĻ
ǣ޶˽㣬һֱӣͲزסܵģ±ˣϢܿͻᴫٽϸǿµġǣôԼܲ鵽飬ѵһн鲻
εĽϵ˹ȥ˵㣬ڻûȷ֮ǰܲȰǱܣ
ܣǾãһׯҪ𣿡
˵꣬ŮнתҪˡ
㣬ȥģʵ
Ůнͣһ½Ų˵ؾ
ʲô㣬ʵ¡
ϣֻǸᣬ򣬵Ҵ㵽ʱǾԼʮǰɡ
ͬʱ̾˿ʵڸô죿
ֽԶסģû뵽ʮǰĻԣҪҿˣСĸԣӦʱὫ´ȥһ̻ȥģĻͻᵽྩ㻹ȥ׼һ£ӭλίϯɣ
ǳӷô죿ǻҪҪ
ȻҪ飬㵽֮ǰӷǲҴĶӣĶӣҲǽˣ
Ƿͷ£ȥ׼ӭӴ㣬ȥǸӷ硣
ãСҪסྩɲΪӲ칤Խ͵ԽãϾݲͬ죬Ҫ̫ĶʡǱҲҪǣ
֪ôҪҲΪҶӣ޹أҲᵽȥ˵ġĶҲҪѽһǾܽĻǵʱҲûش𡣡
Ϻĳ칫ڡ
׳ɶǱִ绰ˣװΪʲôû͹ȥ
һɫŮʿװߵһϽװŮǰϹϾ˵
ϽһʮϽǸŮˣй𣿲࣬һѡ
ЩһһˣƢôġҲѾ˵װһ׳û׼ţǼʲôѽ
Ů˵ǲֱһ׳ԲŻġ׳Ҹôظǣ
飬ͲùˣԴ绰˵
ŮϽ䣬칫ҵžͱ˸˿ûκòԣҲû˿ļɻ䣬ɼߵļҲС
߽칫ҵŮͬǱϹϾԽá
Ů֮ΪԽŮ˵飬ȳȥһ£ҪҪ׳㱨
ǣԽ
߳˰칫ңҽŸϣȻ˵Լңֻϧѽү֮⣬Ůˣ
Լңйһɫ壬ǲǿȨƣıȹԼĵλѪԼԼļ塣
ԼңҲźֻϧһԼжȫѪ߽Լүΰ׷ͺڷˣڣүѾλԼŮȴжӾй쵱
ãһиҪʲôǻؼ˵ɡ
Խ죬ԼҳŮίϯϽΣ̳˼ְԵ֮ΪŮˣڹ滹ϣǳ
㣬¹شҿɲҵ󡣡
Խ̣ԼҶŮڱְнΡ
òǾҲ϶װɣ
㣬ҿû㿪Цȿϡ
˵ţԽ̽ϽԽС
ʲôôҪѽģ
Խ콫ϴ򿪣ɵһۿϵƬʱԽ첻֪ΪʲôͻȻһٽ˫תϵʱԽʵãϵ˭
㣬ǲǾϵе죬һʶĸоԽ˵ͷ˵񣬲ٻ飬ǳ񡭡ã㲻Ҫӣ˵˭
ʵϵ˭Ҳ֪ȴ֪Сڲ˵ĵϸңȥྩһ飬ǳС֮ڵġ
ʲô£
˵֮ˣĶӣ˵ʮǰ͵ߵǸӣ
ԽסˣеҲѾ˵ϣǰץסԽ̵·ʵ˵ʲôʮǰ͵ߵĺӣ˵ϵˣǸ쵰Ķӣ
㣬ȲҪôǵȷ˵ģҵʱͻĶӸû罨Ƿ˵Ǳ͵ߵģҲôϻ¸㡣
һŮˣһֱΪԼĶӸճʱزˣͻȻӻûϣӦȻ
ԽϾͳȫӵ쵼ˣƽһ̬ϵϼϸһ£˵ãڰ¡
㣬˵ɣʲô£
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Խ̵ͷãȥ졣
Խ߳칫ҺԽûסϵƬӣĻĻǵΪʲôҪƭңΪʲô˶Ҫƭң


57 ͬԼ
ҶɽׯྩıȺΪ˵ıҲҪ򣬿ɼסĶЩʲôˡ
ӷФı۳˷ҶɽׯջѸԼĵַҵ˻һǧµı
ڳӷ翴ȻǮѾˣҲѾˣǲ˷ѽŲס̫ϧˣѧУҲû涨һҪסҵģôӽ쿪ʼԼͰᵽסɣ֮ٻѧУ˵һ
Сڹ¶Ժĳӷ绹ǵһν˺ĵطȲ˵ڵװжôĸ߼ŷҶɽׯѾӷۻˣһС͵Ļʹ
Фͣ˳ӷָı⣬³Фе棬ʵӷ磬ǮѽྩõıȺÿһ׿ɵǽǧļ۸񣡡
ӷҲܽԼѾǧ̵ФФԼʲô£ô˵Ф֪ӷϸģһ¶һѧǮѽȳı
ⶰҵģһѵģǸѼסѧУ̫㣬ԾͽطסҲܱˡ
ϵ־Щ˵Щ˵Ծǵģͷǳ󣡡
ȻФԼһɣӷͶԺɣ˵ǵģһѣ֪ྩպҲྩԼҼ棬֮ǾͳΪ˺ѣҵҲǸѽʶġ
ԵͦģԽʵֻҲס᲻᲻̫ѽ
Фĸ׳˼䣬ʱǲؼˣҲסѧУӷպһױФס죬ֻҪѧУ֪Ͳ¡ߣô󣬾ŮͬӣҲʲôµġ
ģҲס˶ѡ
ôǲǸ𣡡

㿪ЦģڿӲѣԿӦŶԡ
ӷһЦԼðҲ湻ùģһϺĴү˵Фĸ׸һ٣
ѧ㣬ǽȥ˵ɡ
СͿˣҲѾйˣ
Ǻðɡ
ӷ磬Ŀ϶ûסΪʲôǴģ
ʱӷע⣬žȻûйأѵĹԱⶰ򲻾ãװ޻û꣬ڴɨ
ӷһɻĸФһ߽˱һȥڱ˵飬䷿ҵģԱأ
СѣҲ֪ϲĴڣǾͻһ°ɡ
Ϳ䣬㰮ססס
Ůڱ᷿䣬ɰѳӷͿˣ
˵λһ£ʲô
վڴеĳӷ̧ͷŶ¥ĻѸĽʵ
ӷˣѸĽͬʱ¿һۣ˵ӷܵܣã
ĽҲ˵˳ҵҲ
ӷѽ˵ι˵λǿɱңҲҪס
˵
ѻ䣬ſһŮ˵˵ι˧磬æ̫ˣ
תͷ򣬵ã治ֹϷҲ˹
ФĿųӷ磬˵ӷ磬㲻˵û𣡡
ιȸͣѻ˵⵽ôһ£
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˵ΪʲôⶰǸס𣡡
Ǹסѽҿû˵ǸһסġѾˣסǣҸסڵλŵĵط̫㣬Ծ˵ȫᵽסˣ
Ҫסô죿
㣬һѽô󣬷Ҳ٣ҲûġףλС˭ע⵽Ф
ĽʵӦФϵŮФɣ
ФЦǵģĽС㡣
ɡôҲס
Фԥ֪ô˵
ɣպĸŮһ̨ϷߣСãǿʼַˣ
Фͳ¥ȥϷ庰Ҫķ䣬Ƕ
ӷֱεⶼʲôʲôѽⶰ˭ģ
˵λŮܲȰѻ˵ٷַ䣿
ϷӿڴóһֽӶ¥ӷ磬˵˧磬涼дˣԼɣʲôңǿоо
ӷӹϷ嶪ֽһãͬԼ
ͬԼһֻŮķ䣬ԲܽŮķ䣻ڶŮ⣬ڣһмȫŮԴ棬ȴҹκ˻ؼңڡ
ӷ翴˿ıĵѾģ⵽ǼһǵѽǲƽԼ𣡡
ι˵λʲôԼ˵ô
ӷܵܣ㻹ȥѾǰ˰Ѳ϶͹ˣڱ
ӷܵܣҪ
˧磬Ҫţš
ӷܵܣҪԶϸ⡣
Фվڶ¥ԳӷЦЦ˵ӷ磬һĻ԰㣬ǡ
ӷóֻ˸绰˵ιԺмŮӣ鷳ǹǶ߰ɣ


58 ױ
հᵽ¼ңҲ¼סЩʲôˣӷ綼Ϥһ»ѧУûȥ齻پ׷ˣڶʱ֮ڣӷҲҪʲôֻˣûЫͻ￪սʱ
ڣӷ罫ʼǱԴ򿪣磬˹С
ĻһŵʾӷһСʱ˳ֵĹΣȻпʮʺţÿһʺͶһܹһǧʽǳӷеĵһƻ
ԼϣǶǱߣΪҪĶǮûǮǱ˵̣֩ǻҲԼˣԣӷҪ̵ʱڳＯһ޴ʽ
ڿ֪ʶϽ֪ʶӷѾʼжˣʮʺŷֱʮֲͬĹƱȻ󿴹ƱǣٽͶŹ
ʱ䣬ӷһǧûҲûнڣӷѾȫĿǰе֪ЩƱǣЩƱǰнһ㣬ֻ֮Ҫȥ˽һÿһֹƱڹ˾ǳӷһǧ򣬽ϵķҲƱִڣҪ׬츲أҪͿ¥ɱ
ʱ䣬ӷ罫ʼǱԸˣǲƽȵͬԼӷΣλСסͬһǵùǵĳӷȫ磬ЩĻѽΣΪԼĶӣӷֻһˡ
һ߳䣬ͼڶ¥ϣϷһ˶طչɣκһ˼˶Ѫ
ӷԱһϷġơʵ˵ϴС㣬㷢ʲôѽ
Ϸ߷Ÿ˵û𣬱ңϿȥ
ӷѽôƵģԼûǸɣ
¥ʱ򣬳ӷֿĽڵӻǰӣϴҲ˳嶯·
˵ĽݴС㣬ܱܲһڳѽҿɶס

һӳӷ漴ֻ¿˳ӷǰ˵ʲôõıأˮûеģôϴѽ
Ľ˵㵽ҷȥϴɣҷˮ
˵һ뵽һأ
û˿˼һ³ӷļ˵ӷܵܣ嶯Ļʱҽңǧţ̫á
ӷ󺰳ʢ˥£ӷ֪ԼѵĻһᱻŮΧ
ãǣ
һСʱ󣬷ˣӷ˲ϣŻˣиմӷФ΢΢һЦˡ
ӷܵܣѽôųԷ
ĸŮͬʱȴֻһСˣû˺ǲˬʵӷ磬ʲô˼
ӷ罫ķھͳԵˣȻվ˸ЦⲻǻмλСͽһ°ɣ
ķŶûУԷǰɣ鷳Լȥ͵ȥԣǮҲĹأ
㣬㡭ӷ磬֡
һţĿûУһеġ
ͬʱݺݵĵųӷ磬Ϸ˵ߣǳȥСһԡ
ȥɣȥɣҲǣԵĻǵĴң
Фǲȥģڼӷ죬һŮ˵һͲԣ͵ʰɡ
ǣȴӲФˡ
߰ɣһ徻
⻰Ÿ䣬ֻ
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ûգ׬Ǯء
Ҷϵ绰ֻ
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ٹҶϵ绰ֻ
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ãƵĵ绰
ģ鲻ãء
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ʲô£ӷʵ
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ʲôСҲᱻܣ
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ӷ֮У˵ȱ𼱣ϹУҪվУſڣҸطԷַҲˣ
ãģҪϹѽðϵ־ЩүСȫйΪǾ鲻򵥡
ӷɲɵոհѻǸˣǬɽһ٣ǵĻҵù
ڻ˽֮ǰȲҪҲҪԷ˺ƱԷҪǮĻǸǮ£ҹ˵
Ҷϵ绰ӷ˺ܶ뷨ԷΪʲôҪףΪǮĻӦûڵһʱ֪ͨ׵ļˣĻ׵ļҲӦûڵһʱѧУΪ£鷳ˣԷҲ˿ĿʱΣա
ӷ粻ҵ飬ܳ˱Ф۳ûпߣӷ˳ԿҲڳϣǾͷɣ쮳ٶȳྩѧȥ
ףǲҵĳ𣡡
ڱȺſڵĻ˼ɱȥĺɫ۳Ф˵
ѵϷ˵
ܣӷܵܡ
ʲô£ӷܵܿôȥͶ̥ѽ
أǿɻûԷҲˣǣš


59 ǰܲ
ӷûпóⲢῪ
ڹ¶Ժʱ򣬳ӷ;Ժһȥûмգȴÿ⣬Ժǿгӷ˵ӷĳǴЩĥġ
ӷҶɽׯྩѧԭҪһСʱɳӷֻ˶ʮӾ͵ˣһ·Ҳ֪˶ٺƣФҪòǮȥˡ
ʱչУſڵ˷ǳ࣬ѧҲǳ࣬ӷ翪һУſʱѧȫ˹ȥҲкܶѧѾϳ۳Фģ˵Щӷȴûȥ⡣
ģ
Ƹת䴦˹ӷʵ׷ʲô£
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ӷ翴˿Χʵ˲ѽѵû˹𣿡
ΪǳʱոշѧѧûЩȻҹܡ
ʱûеʲôˣ
˵ûѽԴ˶Ƕû뿪ѧУģĻѽ
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һ£˵ûУʲôҲû˵ǺͰϴץ˳
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ûб
£ǳųӷģ˵ƶ˱Ļ׵Сɾͱסˡ
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ƸؿɴһͻķǳӣһϵѧУѧУҲ֪ͨ׵ļˣֵԽ󣬾ͻԽЩ׵ļһǸʱҪҵǿɾͲˡ
ղûпĳƣ
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ģϴ󶼲֪ôǺðѽ
ӷ˵ǾãЩһΪǮ׵ĻǻῪһ³𣿡
ʵģ˵һ㣬ס
ܼ򵥣ԷȱǮԲŻ³ˣȻǲΪǮΪʲôҪأԭܼ򵥣ǵĿ겢ס
һ£˵ģһ˵ҵˡЩһȻȫһ˺ǴĵǸա
˵ڻе񡣡
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ྩѧҲкܶڵģĹӵ߹ĹļУҲֻжǰŻˡ
ģ˼˵ǻͤġΪ˱㣿
ûྩܵУſܵģһ۾ϳǵģҲֻж˰ģգǶǰˡ
ļһĸɲǾġģڸô
ôȻȥˡ
ȥľȣ
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پվһһŮ϶޾ս⣬ͬлҵ˶ΪѪսףһȫµĵ


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64 Ѱ
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ӷֲڣѵеĶԱȫ˻⣬ԼҽøޱֱվԽǰȿ˵
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Ϊ쵼ˣϢҲܱ侲ѹԽһŮˣܹίϯλӣ
ڣǿԸһ˰ɣԽʵ
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ҪƵʱһ׳ͷϣΪʵ취ǵʱһ׳ġʱһ׳Ѿˣ˼ҵĵ¸أžԼүӣҲȥʦģһҲֵ̫
ĻԽ˫ѾԽԱ߰οһԽ죬˵㣬Ȼ鶼ѾˣҲı䲻ˣҪģϰǸӷǲǵ걻͵ߵĺӣ
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˵Ҫҵӷ籾˲ܿ϶
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65 ̸
⣬ежԱ˵һ仰Ů˱Ƚϴ󵨡
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׳ÿ춼ҪĹҴ£Ǹʱѽ
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Сѣ׳ЩҪ㣬ȥɡ

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뵽һƵӷƳһķҩ֮һҪȥҵ꣬һΪܾ֡רųһԵķһΪáרŵ಻ͬĵҩʱֻҪҵһ죬Ǯˮӿҩļ۸񣬻Լ˵پͶѽֻҪԼظУһеϸڶźã¹أͲ˲鵽ԼͷҲƻ
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پҲϻżɽ˵ܼ򵥣ǾҪϴͶͻ˳Ҷ֮գȮ


68 ĸ1
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εڿʼҲûͻˣ


69 ĸ2
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پı֣ӷʮ⣬һҲԼԤ֮е飬Ҫ̫Ŀ佱
پͷȸ£һͻҲֻҶ𲽣Ҳ˵Ӳ̵ǡ
˵꣬ӷ絥һӣֻڰĵͻȻһİԲ䵶˳ӷǰ
İ䵶ΪɫһֱֻôһͷԸղɢĺν޼᲻ݡ
İ䵶͸ǵķҲΪǵսǲǷޱȣɱ˲մһѪһɢǿĵֻҪڵľӵ֮ݲ
ɣİ䵶ǳӷһҹʱƳַҲصظپģ֮߱ʩչһǳԵķЩһԵҪ
һʱ䣬ӷƳİ䵶֮⣬Ƴ˼һԵķͬĵҩϾϴβһ㹻ԭϣƳļԵķ֮󣬳ӷѾû̫ȥƸĵҩһԵķˣԿҩ黹ҪӺһʱ䣬ԼƳĵҩһԵķ˵
پһһ䵶ӵ֮࣬ˡĵ
һǵһμ˷սл
׷ɱֳڵǹ֮Ҳǵһμ˷ս
סûҪ£Բʹô˵ϾİսǷûҪ鷳
ǣ
⣬ȻͻѾ˳ҶĿǰһʱǼ棬ĸңһƶһɡҪסֻǶ;ϵһӣĻֻǽ飬ľҪĸͬʱʵ
˵˵ĸĿǰԴǲҪȷһ¹ĵʱĸظ顣
˵ûڶĴսپѾȥĻǾ̫ʱˡ
ҪɹǾҪƶãĿǰҶྩķ֮һĵ̣ûǸҪҪֻһ£Ҳͬ£ڶǰ﷢֮ǰҽЫ
پʵֱɱȥǸշͻһ̸У
̸Ҫʲôˡڰ˵㣬һҹ֮շͻֿͬˣȫԼλĽɫˣ̸ûõģЫ￪սĻҶҲҶЫܾ֮ǰͻ˻ˣĻǸշչ͵ڸǰ˼¡
پʾ
ʱǰϷپ֩ȶͻˣͻ˲̳ϷҶԣʲôֶΣɱһӰҲãɱһҲãҾ콫ͻȶ׸׷꣬ǾͼҶԭȥЫˣǵĳӣҪ̵ʱڣЫĵ̸ĴңֻپǱȶǾͼЫˡ
ǣ
⣬ǧÿһǧ򣬸ôʲôطͲҽ˰ɡ
ӷ罫ڹ׬Ǯֺüǧ򣬽پˣһӷʣǮҲǧˣӷ粢ʹǮҪڸõĵطõЩǮӷʱܴӹ׬Ҳûչĺŵʱ򣬾ǶӰɣһ֮ڣ׼һҪ̨ЫһҪ
صʱѾˡ
ӷս͸оһ±ڵϢֻһڼҡ
ԭӷ绹ΪФתͷһʱڼҵľȻǻѡ
ѽ㣬㲻Ҫôͻˣ
ѴӶ¥ֱӷ£վ˳ӷǰȳӷ˵ֱӽӷɳϡ
ӷܵܣһǳҪ
ӷһֲĸоǵĻѵһôԼʱΪҪԼƷڶεʱĺǱ߷ֱڣ治֪ʲô
ѽ㣬㿴ǶסһˣԼˣʲôֱ˵ɡ˵֮ǰҿҪȰѳ˵ǰ棬ĻĻ࣬۸ȻϴθߵģΪĺŵ飬Ŀǰһûȫ׼ãҲûĺŵϸҡ
ָָϣ˵ĺŵϲǰ𡣡
û뵽Ѿϸ׼ˣӷ罫ùտһֽۣϸ˹ȥ˵ӷܵܣһ£ɱչĺŸҪѽ
ʲô²ұ߿˵𣡡
ȻУǹϵҵǰ;ģ
ǰ;˵ѽ㣬ͱҿЦˣһҪԼǰ;Ǿǿ϶Բ꣡
˵ӷܵܣɲ˵ѽ
ã˵˵žˡ
һ£˵ҪӦң˵ʲô㶼ܹҵŶ
û¹ʲôѽ
ǺǣʵģһСģݸй¶ˣ
ӷȻɳվǰɣѽ㣬ְҵ¸˭ˣ
𼤶侲ӷܵܣǧҪ侲ʵҲû̫ˣһ˶ѣҲὫ˵ģɷġ
ԣô飬ҪƵģ
ǺǣȻ㿴ˣǽҲͲϻˡģϸȥһˡ

ӷǳᶨ
ӷܵܣ˺òãһҪģ㲻ĻǽҲȥˣ
ӷЦһ£Ҿ֪ҡô鷳ҰæǵĻǾͰչҲȥѣϣһģȱǮã۸͸һɡ
ҲЦһ£Ȼųӷ˵ףӷܵܣʵ̫ˣô˵ǮѽСƵģ
ұСǲǹҵľӢ
ѺΣ˵ǾԷ˳һ԰ɣ
УУЩˣٽӴΪáҸʶǼ͸˸ͬԼ˵ƽȵԼɣĸ۸ʵ𣡡
ĵʵĻϾûмˣһô󣬿˼ءˣԺҲ˰ɣ
ܳ𣿡
ι˵ӷ磬㵽׸ǲ
ŭˣǻѽƣӷ粻ӦҪҧˣ
ӷһ£˵Ӧԣи
ǮˣѵڵǮ𣬵չĺţɾˣ
ӷڵȻǮΪһǮҪ¡
ȻڻԼԼΪʲôᣬһ»ѱΪԼ̵ء
ѽ㣬ӵྩ˺ڵƴ¼ܲѹ޷Ԥ
еͿӷôͻȻˣǻشȻԣһ仰¡
ǺãҴӦϸȥѣպྩڵƴҲҪҽѹȥ顣
ʱ벻ģٴ£ҲûԽ
ɽҿȾ㣬ϼ˿ɲ򵥣ʱɲҪ˵
İɣСѶٰˣ˶ҸӦˣʲôӦ˵ġ


70 ĸ3
ϣѿųӷһҾƵſڡ
һ³ӷ˫۾Ͷ˾ƵſԱϣΪԱȻǳӷģϴξȻʱģҲ˵Աӵˡ
ӷе㲻ԾԼԷѣôͬʱҲˣһҾƵ˷Ա񣬻ǶڵȴԼġ
ӷܵܣǽȥɡ
ڻ˽֮ǰӷҲɵԼֱȥ¶Żѽ˾Ƶꡣ
ھԱǰʱӷѶٷԱ˵һ㣬⡣
ڴͬŷԱֵǣЩԱȻȫӵĳԱӷϴûȫҲǵϸо˲ͬѰϢ֤ǵݡ
Сѽ㣬ôڲѽ
Ϸ𣬳ӷ͸ˣʵǸʲôûĻӦȫӵĳԱɣ
Ϸǲ֪ԽҪǳӷ磬Ӳ֪ԽΪʲôҪӷ磬ϷľȻǳӷҲ΢΢һʵôѽ
ңһأ⵽ô£
˵֪ˡһҪ㣬Ȼ㿴ȫҵͬ£ҲӦĵҪʲôͷ
ʲôͷ֪ʲôͷĻͲˣǷϻ
ˣСѽ㣬ڱ˵ôˣȼˣϰӷȥɡ
ѵ˵ͷʱӷҲ֪ҪԼĵʲôˣΪʲôҪԼĿǰ˵ǸˣԲѣͷҲڻǼŮ֮ϡ
˾Ƶĵʮ¥ǲҪϴμðФȥľƵ࣬ΪϴֻǼľƵ꣬Ǽġ
ǼľƵӷо˵ϢҲ֤һ㣬ѾǼľƵ
ţʲô˴ļӣԶٷѣȻһǼľƵҪ˻
Ϊ˸ϳӷ磬ӷҲˡ
СѣҲ׳ȵҲ̫˰ɡ
ſڣѾˣǼѸϷʱ˫ȫת˳ӷ磬໥һۣȻͬʱ˵ͷ˵ûҼǵģǵǵǸ֣
Ҳ˵٣ƣоųɵƣû˳ɾҴĶˡ
ӷһֱڹ۲Χûȥע˵Ļ
ǰ˵㼱ҲûѽСӿҷ˾ţ֮ģҪǵ¸Ҽӽѽ
ͷϸǽȥ
ܴ󣬵ƹڲȴֻˣŮˣŮ˲мλá
Ÿһ򿪣Խվһ˫۽Ŵſڣ߽ޣȻǻѸϷ壬Խ쿴һ꣬һʮ꣬òԽ˺ܶ£Щĵ¸ĵ£ȫԽԺС
·Ķ飬񡭡
㣬ôڶܿ϶ǲӣǰ˵ɡ
Խ첻Ϊ쵼ˣԼƽת˲۽ǵˮ
׳Ѿɹ񣬽ˡ
ѶԽԽһ񣬽öûдΪҲǲóӷ뵽ҷȥ
Խתȴûпѣ˫ֱӶ˳ӷϡ
ӷڲĴɨһ£˿û⵽Խ죬ԹԵ˵˵ѽ㣬ǳԶٷûҪɣһٷҶԳԺüˣ
йоŻ˵ĺãž·жǡǮ˼ҵľⶼŷҲû˳ԣЩȴΪûɳԻ
Խӷ仰һͬ̽ȥһԼĶԭλʳǵĴүģҪʲôͻʲôڣǰӷȴ˵һٷԳԺüˣɼӷʮʲôӣ
˵û쵼𣡡
˵ӷֽĿת˻˵ˣһۣóӷȻһΪǰŮˣԼһһΣΣڵϼмÿĽᣬҲǰģ
Ůǡ
ӷͷףΪʲôὫҾƵȫˣΪʲôӲҪԼˣԭ˵ˣֱ쵼ͬʱҲȫӵ쵼ˣ
ѽ㣬㲻ǸҿЦİɣ˵Ҫң
ѵ˵ͷû¸㿪ЦʲôѵΪ׳û֮ͬǰʲô˶ܼ𣡡
ǣǡУֳϲʺңܣһǻؼҳˣ
ӷܵܣ뺦Ҹǰ;ٵĻڿߣû㣬Ҳûס㡣
ӷΣ̾˿߲ˣֻܿλŮԼΪʲô¡
ˣǶȳȥɡ
Խ˵
ȥһ£ʲô˼ѽ
ͬʱ˸񣬻˵˵עŵ㣬Ҷ˷룬һӡ
ιιѽ㣬㲻ѽҴôͰһ˸ˣ
ͲȳӷκεķӦ˶ȥˣҲڣֻʣ³ӷԽˣ
гӷɣ
ԽǿסеʹӲЦݣԳӷ˵
ӷ硰һشǵģǳӷ硣
ܸǡ
֪˭ӷ廰
Ŷ֪
˶֪ίϯйΨһһʮŮϽͳȫоӣԽ죬ϯ


71 ̫
ӷ˵ûԽܵʲôطҪҽܵģȲ˵ȫй˵Ҳֻ˲ʶһǸճӤһ־ɵӡ
ɹԼݣԽûзϣ֪ģǳӷһС
ǻİɡ
ԽλϣӷȴеԥймܸŮƽƽģһ׳Ǽļ֮⣬Ҳ˸ҸͬһϳԷ
ϯҿ㻹ǰҵĿ˵ɣֻǸСѣɲҸͬòͣ
Խʱе㼤ȴ֪ôȥ˳Լӵĳӷ磬˵ӷ硭㲻ɣ
ֻǸƺѣϯôоôаɡ
Ǻáӷ磬ʵҽΪ˹ϵ£ֻѡ
һ쵼ˣһͨ񡢰죬⻰˭ţ
ɳӷΪ˲ûΪѣҲֻΪѵ˵ϯʲô
СѾˣְܳҸЩˣʮָˣҲ˵лл
ӷЦһ£˵㲻ҪлңҿǮġߣҪлҲͼλϯѽ
Խ첻֪˵ʲôڹٳô꣬ǿżɽѻ˵ڣλ쵼ѾʧȥԭеƸ緶
ӷ磬û´ĻӦǸ߰ɣ
֪ʣȻѾԼԽ죬ǹԼߵ飬ȻҲ˵ˡ
ӷЦǵģĿǰ˵Ǹ񣬸ոá
ʵߵ飬Ҳܶ飬ΪأǶ͸ߵĵϸԵĻӷ磬ܸܲ˵˵
ҵ֪ϯ֪ʲôҵĵϸѾĺ˰ɣ
ûѾˣ֪Сһҹ¶Ժģ֪Ӧöĸĸʲôеͷɣ
ߵֱӾʵ˳ӷڳӷԣϯǲǹ̫ܵˡѵԼӣ֪Լĵϸ𣿱Ͼֱίܵġ
ҵĸĸ˵ʵҲҲֻ֪ڸҵԺǰ˵㶫˵ܸҵĸĸйء
ԽԽԽʵܲҿǶ
ӷ硰һϯΪʲôҵôȤ
Խʵ̲סˣֱʵǼǲһָһһֵĽָ
ڳӷڣԽ춼뿴ӷûдָֻӷ佫Լָ·źģʹԽͿ
Խôһ˵ӷдʵô֪ǽָ
ǣܸܲҿָ
ӷеԥǽнַָϡ
ɲȳӷ罫ָȡԽѾȻվ˫дˮ˵ָָ
ϯ㣬˵ʲôʲôָ
㣬ϴŵָ㸸׼ȨָʾΪھ˼Ǹ֣㸸ĸϡӷ뷢ʣԽΪʲôָ֪ǲ֪Լĸĸ˭Խʵָǲһֱϣ
ӷҲﲻԼĸ飬ʲôԼӲ֪ϾԼ֮ˣȻӷ粻Ҫ֪֪Լĸĸʲôˣʲôط
߸ҳԺ˵ʮǰڽֱ߼ҵʱҵ߾ͷָʮǮԺȴڹ֮ǰŷԸǹ¶ԺĸԺҵģ˵ָпܸҵйأҵ֣ҲǰսָϵȡԸһҪָ͸ˡԽھȻᣬӷĪʵϯǲ֪ҵĸĸ˭ߣʶǣ
ʵӷ綼⻰ʵеɵԽʲôѽԼĸĸôܻʶ
ϯôˣ
Խߵ˳ӷǰе֣ųӷ˹ȥԵʮʹ࣬˵ӣ㣬ҵĶӡ
ӷһˣʵϯ˵ʲô
ԽһᣬʱѾٷ֮ٿ϶ˣӷòԼʶǸоųɵƣƣҲȫͬģָ֤ӷ磬Լӡ
ӷ磬㣬ҵĶӣҾĸѽ
ǺǣϯҿЦˣʵûиĸνЩҲˣ㲻ҪΪѽĹϵοңûµġ
ҵĶӣϵָ֤һУò㸸оųɵƣٷ֮ҵĶӡ
ԽͲڿЦӷ͵û뵽ᷢ飬ͻȻܳŮˣǹ쵼ˣ˵Լĸףǲ̫˵㣡
˵ʲô˼һе飬ˡ
ӷһתԽס֣˵ӷ磬ûƭ㣬ҵĶӡϣǲһε̥ǣǾ㸸׼Ŵ㸸׼ÿһԱС
ӷȻһʱͬԨƵģһֻʶһԼ
ûڳӷϣȷһ̥ǣҲԽ˵ε̥ǣ
ѵһжģԽԼĸף
һ¶˵ڹ¶Ժʮʱ䣬ԼĸĸûҹԼͻȻ֣ӷܲˣκһ¶޷ȥһС
һ˦ӷ米Խ죬˵ϯʵڱǸҶµ𣬾ѾûиĸˣȻʮǰңҲûʸҵĸĸ
ģӷ磬˵鲻
ˣҲӲټ㡣
䣬ӷ˫һģһ΢΢۵סߣŲȥ
ӷ磬˵鲻
顣
űӷһŸ˿ʹĻѵһΪʲôȴӷеŭĳ˳
ӷ磬ߣ˵
㣬ʲô£Խ̷סܳԽʵ
ûҶӡ
ʲô
⻰˻ѸϷĶУʱһ㶣ղԽ˵ʲôӣ⵽ôһѽ
Խ˵Сǻʲôϰ
̷Ӧ˹еţ³ӷ硣
ǣ
ѵ̳ȥס˳ӷ·
ӷܵܣ㡭
ȫҹ
˧磬׷ʲô£㶼׳˵Щʲô
ǹܣٲÿݹҲ
ৡ
ӷӰһգۼһŻӰ
ÿٶȡסˣ
Խ˵ϣǻϲͣšӡ֡
Խ˵Ҳʲô취һҪӷҳӦ֪ӷʲô˰ɣʲô£ǵ߷ֶӾϴɾƨɣŵùɡ
Ϊ˳ӷһˣҪˣִˣ
˰Ѷͷϵ亹ӷݣɵйĳҵһ̳ˣйԼΨһжǿʵĻ̫ѽҪǳ£˿ɶˣ


72 
ڰ칫ڲͣ߶ţǾᣬֻѾһź룬绰֪òô
˼һСʱھ绰
ཡ
˿ֵ̱ķǳţʮˣѾʮû绰ˣ治֪绰ͨ󣬵һ˵ʲô
ι
绰ͨˣԷ͵һ
ʵʮǰÿ˵ʱǳţʮȥˣû뵽˵˵ϣ
󣬴磡
еվ˴ǰվķǳֱ̩ͬɽ㡣
ѽѾʮûϵˣͻȻ绰ǲʲôϲѽ
ԷĻٴһЦ磬һʲôϲѽҲˣŮѾϳˣ͵պСѾͷˣϲأ
СӶѾΪ˸ˣôһʲôѽ
ⲻǺܾûϵ𣬸ġ
ٸһס˵ɣǲǽʲô£
ԷǳڵĹǷʲôشĻǲϵԼģҲԼ꽻ġ
磬ûʲô£
л˵кüҪء
磬ʲôʱʱ䣬˹ɣ˵
ع˰ɣ½һ
ˣ磬ңҡҾֱ˵˰ɣĶӸû
˵ʲôҰѻ˵ʲôҸĶӻû
ӷ˶ԷͬʱҲԽྩѰӵ˶Է
˵һк󣬶ԷüӶû˵ĵԷĺԼˡ
˵Ҷӻûϣ
ǵģʮǰǲԣǲġڣȻ֪ǵĶӻţҾͲԼˣ
ԷĬһᣬûбֵ̫ûֱǱԭ̬ʵǽʲô̬ȣ
ģΪǵĶʮǰ֪Ϊʲô˴ʡZȥˣ˽ֱߣһҹ¶ԺԺȥ˵ģǳԼĸĸʱʱҲûϴ㣬ڴʱסҼңС
Էʵǲǵ˵ҵĶӣӷ磿
ǵģǶµ
ϸҷԸȥ˭ҲټҶӣһеһع˵
ǣ磬ǱҸô
˵Ҳڵӷ϶Ļᷴеģ뿪ྩʱ͸Խˣ¼ֻһӷӽĽǣ
˵ãҰմ˼ȥ磬ڻعҲֱܵྩ򣬴һ֪Ҹģ˭ҽ¸Ļ˭û꣡
Է˵ףҾȻϺ»Ҫ鷳СҲֻǣȥӽӷ磬һὫ
ģҵȻģ¾ҵ£һὫɵġ
Ҷϵ绰򿪣εգЦʮˣҪˣ
ŦԼ
ߵһöİ칫ڣһʮҵ˸սһ绰ҶϣϵıԵļΪ˷ܣδֵЦݣϡ
㵽Ұ칫һ¡
˰һ°칫ϵĵ绰֮һŮ˵ǣܲá
һӣ칫ҵŴ򿪣ֻһŮ߽˰칫ҡ
ܲʲôԸ
˵׼ɻҪй
ȥʲôطǽ׼Ʊλãֱ׼ɻ
ǣܲá
Ů߳칫Һֻһ绰ڵ绰˵֣ԭҶӻûţ
ʲôۣǲǸ˵Цģ绰ͷһϵ
֣ûиЦģմ绰ң˵ҵҶӣңҲѾˣǳ϶ҵĶӣ֮⣬ָҲҶӵϣûжʧ
ǲϵʼһѮ˼ңʮǰʧȥһӣʮֳˣܲ
ʲôطĺʲô֣
ྩСڹ¶Ժ󣬽гӷ硣
ãܺãϻع
֣ȲҪΪĿǰһЩûнȽ˵ȥ
̾˿˵ҲףҲգǾ콫鴦ãһع֮Ҫһʱҵӡ
֣ģҾԲʮǰٴηˡ
Ҷϵ绰й߳Ƶĵ˭˺ҶӣҾҪ
й׶һ磬еĸ߲쵼˶ڻҿᡣ
˵죬ôģµһ㱬㶼ûУȥǶóԷˣ
쵼ʵûʲôѽֻЩСˡ
ţȷҵ飬ȷûʲôšˣһھͱ׼Űɡ
֡
ҪɢʱҵĴ쵼˵һ¡
һ齫͹Ͻ쵼У쵼һֻһƬƬ֣ƬıϺʻĵģƬϵȴǺǲ棬ɵƬ֣쵼־Ҳϲ
ǿǴţ󱬵𡭡޸ڵݸ棬Ϊۻع죬죬졭
ҶԱһҪ罫һŸȥ
ۣҳӣܲãΪֽȫʮҵ֮һ˳֮Ҳǳ۵ĸ׳Զɽ
Ҹɵйȴû֪ҵжǮֻ֪ҾۣдԵģҲͳԶɽ۸ӶˣԶɽңһҵʱǳ֮Ϊʮǰһ޷籩ʹ޺üҶս
Զɽ֮Ķʮ꣬ۺճ˺֮ܶ£һɻķ粨Ҳڻгɳʱ˳֮⡰ʨڳͷʨԼҳŮԽ䵭Խƽӣ˭֪Ϊʮǰ飬ʹĳһһʨȫ˳˻ģڹʮ꣡
ڣͷʨڻˣֻ˴ʲôϲأ
û֪һΣ˴ϲĲǳԶɽҲǳۣǳҵӷ硣


73 д
죬ӷʧʱ䣬û֪ʲôطȥˣԽ첻뽫鴫ԳȥҪľȥҳӷˡ
ҶɽׯڣĸŮ˽ȫûţ˼ҲѾྩǸ˹ӵ˵Ҫֵ̫󣬾ྩˣӵĶԱֹͣ
ԽǱߣҲǰճ۵˼ȺţԼҵ˳ӷ󣬽ʮǰóӷԽĸϡ
ӷ⼸ܵʲôطȥˣûؼңҲûȥѧУֻһֱػǼ˵ûӷ硣
ⶰڣҲФһ˲֪ӷѸϷѾӷĽ顣
ȵʱ򣬻ѸϷ嶼ţӷȻԽĶӣΪǶ֪ԽĶʮǰѾزˣµڱǺ䶯һʱ˭֪ɾ˵ʱԽĶӸûزۣǸճͱ˸͵ˣ
Щôɣ벻ԼǰʶġͨȻԼֱ쵼˵ӣΪѵĹϵҲֳᷢӷ磬ԽӲ¸ʮ֪꣬ԼĶӾȻϣҲһԵְɣ
ӷܾܵһɣ顭
ѻһʶ¿ɲФ֪ˣܻᱻȥ
ѽ㣬ղ˵ʲôʲôӷ羲һФʵ
ûûʲôֻǡ
֨
Ŵ򿪣ӷˣ
ӷܵܣ⼸ܵʲôطȥˣ
ӷǰʵ
ɳӷȴû˵ֵķǳʧӣֱӳ¥ȥ
Сѽ㣬ô죬ҪҪ֪ͨ׳
Ľ˵ȲҪˣСѣҾ㻹ȸ̸̸ɣҪֱ̫ӣȻڽܲˣǾҪʱ䡣
ѵ˵ͷ˵ȥġ
ӷս䣬ҲûйţΪӷ֪ǻԼġ
ӷܵܣҿԽ𣿡
ƽʱĻѽֱӽȥڳӷܲãƵĳӷ緢쭣ѻš
ǰλ׳˵ľˡ
ӷڵԣվ
߽˷䣬ҽŸ˵ֻչĺŵ飬û˼
ʱתһõķѿɲӷ罫ŭԼϡߣֻҪӷ侲˵Լ˵ȥԽ죬ǿǴһѽ
ѾûˣǾһ𿴿⼸ɡ
ӷܵܣǸʲôʱ֣
ӷתͷ˻һۣʵӷҲֻѣϾʱҲ֪ӲԤϵĵأ
ѽ㣬֪⼸쵽ңҲϣΪ£ǵĹϵ㽩ˡ
İɣȻ㲻飬ҲٱˡҲûн˵£˵ꡭ
ˣаɡ
ӷ֮˵𣬾ѣЩ˵ĻòҪ˵
̾˿ôԼǸһ
ˣΪʲôʱ䣬еĲ֮󡣡
ӷһиǰ֮ÿһֹƱĸԼԤƣԭǵĹƱȫµЩµĹƱȫǣ
ҲǳԾһʱƱģȴûм̶ڣƱгᷢ˴ı䶯
ӷܵܣ⼸һǳʲô£вŻ˲ģȥܻڷ籩
ӷ˫ѾеĴɻὫԼǰͶǮȫԹģϿ콫ĹƱ׳ȥԼѪ޹顣
ôѵ˹ҹг𣿡
ӷɫʮѿ
ӷܵܣǵĹƱ
һ룡
ʲôһ룡
鷳ˣӷ绹ûļͶȥǮڽƱʱѾһ롣
ѽ㣬㲻õģһѿ׬ġǣڱҪʲôԭʹĹдҵġ
һ⼸ţûʲô֡
ӷ̴һվҲҪȥô飬ΪÿһվͷŶһġ
۾ϵһ⣬ɣۻعˣʲôʱ£ΪʲôҲ֪
⼸춼ҳӷ磬Ҳûʱȥ飬˵ˣ
ӷʵʲôˣдй𣿡
һĺ棬ʵӷܵܣ㲻֪𣿡
ôĳӷӦ֪Ƶģ
֪ʲô
û˵ţ
Ȼ˵ȫǰʮλ֮ڵĴҵ׼ȷ˵Ӧȫҵ
û۾ŵܲá
ѹֹлˣҹЩҵҶ֪ۻعĿģΪſ˹ڵʲôҵҪչԲţ¹дҵģ
Ųƴֻ֣Ҫһ仰ʲôĻᵼȫĹдңڵֻйЩҵףܺķΧѾСˣ
Ȼ˵عĿģЩҵҾͲˣȻңڣۻعˣûзκȻ͸ԷԼˣ
˵дұǵĿģвҾû취չĺţڵһǱҪȽŵǵܲΪʲôعģûȥչĺŵĻĺܾܿǸտӣʱ򲻿׼ңǰǣ
˵ӷܵܣ㻹ǳᣬ϶ĺְɣõţΪҾóλعΪչκһҹҵģ
ѽ㣬Ϊʲôô϶
ԥһ£ʵ֪
ȻҿɴӲûյ̣ڲ֪ŵĿ֮ǰҾԲðյģϾҵҪԸһĺû⣬̫ǵһǶԲ£
ʵʵŵܲó۾ǣǡ׳Ϲ
˵ʲô
ӷȻŵĿŻѣԼˣǻѺͿˣ
˵ŵܲóۣ׳ԽϹҲġף


74 ɢҥ
һίϯĸףһܲõĸףһУӷôˣ
ԼĶͷӷ̾˿ڵǰһ仰Ҳ˵
˵ӷܵܣǵϴθʱҾ˵Ṇ̀ǻŴû뵽汻˵ˣ
ѽ㣬²Ǽ٣Ҷ뱻֪
ѵ˵ͷףڵҪʱȥܡ
ˣǵҲᣬĿǰΪҪģôԸĺšΪŵĹϵڹдңȻܿ϶ۻعΪ˹κһҵҾͷˣ
һ£ӷӵ͵һתһӾ;ڿһվϵź󣬶Ի˵ѾжԸĺŵİ취ˣ
뵽˰취
û
˵˵
ӷɫһ˵š
ʲô
ѶԼĶ䣬ӷҪţԼŵĵһ̳ˣȻĿǰ޷һУôųҵѪѽгҵԼҵĲҵģ
ӷܵܣ㲻˵Цɡſǳҵҵң֮󣬷ȫ綼û˵ֵסôȥѽ
ӷվ˵û֪ۻعĿģʹȫеҵĻ̻̣ǼȻ֪˳ۻعΪչκһҵǾ͵Ԥ֪δ
Ѳ̫׳ӷ˼ʵ㻹ֱһ㣬˵صɣ˵Щģ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪ취ֲͨͬŻȥ˵λعǿĺţѽ㣬ܱʲôӣ
Ѷʱ˹˵ŵĲҪչȫκһҵһ֮ڵ顣ĺŵ֪ҪԸǵĻһڵĹиңͬʱĺŵЩͷҲ侮ʯĺŵЩɶΪԼһ뾡һа취еĹɷȥġ
û£˭ȥչЩɶĹƱĻ͵ֱӸΪ𣬵ͷĺܲҵģ
˶µʱĺŵЩɶʱͶ·ʱٻһݣȥĺŵĹɷݣǵЩɶһ˵׵ļ۸йɷȫġ
⣬ĻҲҪ취ǵĹɶ̸ˣһ仰׵ļ۸ǵĹɷݸ׼ҸĺŵЩɶ֪˹ǵĻһжѾ̫ˡ
һ£ӷȷǳõֻŵκαʵģΨһǡ
ӷܵܣǽϢɢȥ㸸һ֪ģԳ۵磬ڲ֪Ϊʱ᲻𣿡
۵ôҲֻ֪ҪǶ죬Ϣȥ̶֣֮Ժڿ͵ݶ⹥ĺţʱĺѾˡ
ʵڻжٱǮҪҪ㣿
֮ǰ׬ǧ򣬶Ǳ߾ǧʣµǧΪۻعдʹĳӷһ룬Ҳ˵ӷڵıǮֻʣһǧˣôǮ˵չһĺţ㿪һС˾Ҳܡ
ӷļƻκβĻһǧԡ
ˣҾװǣһǧչĺš
ңԽ쿴Žűߣŭ˵Ǹ쵰ΪʲôͻȻع
֪ԽǨŭԼΪ֪µУԼģԼ۵Ľ飬ҲֻԼŻὫ¸߳ۡ
ɲɵӣ֪Խʹ޳ۣԽ쿴겻ǳ߿ĻԼĶӾͲᱻ͵ˣ
㣬¸ûϵѽҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻعģ
˵ʵһ㣬µǲɵģ
СôķޣôҲѽûϵǲŵĻȥҵĵ绰¼ѽ
ɵϲŻԼĵ绰ۣ׼ˣ
Խ˵㣬Ҿ¿ûйϵѽǵ֪ӷŻģһֱྩûྩǻصϺϼңûиκ˼棬Ҳֻɺϰɣ
Խһ£Խ˵û֪˶ûϢŻģһֱӵྩټй˭סۣ
Ǹ쵰֪£ʱܻҲ⡣ǿ⼸ĹУȫˣһңжҪѽ۶ʮǰֵĻ˸һͰѹиˣǸǣ
˵㣬ɲִܹѽʲôûЩҵԼɹģ
ι˵һɣ
Խ˵㣬ǳҵӦñ˭һӾʮǰүӸǳ籩ʮǰ۸ǳ粨㻹ǵһӰɣô˵ųҵѪҲ̳˳Ҹӵ֮ԣǿеˣ
ԽһҰοɣӷųҵѪҲԼҵѪԲΪġ
ɲһ
˵ʲôԽŭ
ûû˵ʲôѽ
Ҷųۣһʲô֪ͨҡоǣҹĹвң취иȶ
֡
ֻ𣬽绰˵㣬жˡ
Խʵ˵
֪ʲô˷Ż˵λعΪչྩĺţһϢڶ̶һСʱ֮ѾȫŶѾˣ
ĺţôܣԳǻ쵰Ŀ⣬ôһССĺţ
ҾͲ֪ˣĺǱѾĺŵЩͷһ˵£ȫ侮ʯһǿĻڼŹĺţĺŵĹƱһСʱ֮ڣµ˰ٷ֮ʮ


75 ׼չ
׼ұڣļææ˻һţͿڴھۼ˺ܶˣԼĸĸĺŵɶ
ĺŲǵ׼һҵģ⻹ɶֻ׼ĺռĹɷ࣬Ϊɶѡ
νĺ֮ҲĸɶȡģĺʮǰУʮľӪҵﵽÿȹڣӪҵҲǶ෽ġ
ʮйĺҲǸҵˣȫʮǿ֮ڣҲ˲ˣʹĺܶͥɢС˾գӲº·Ŀ²١
ֵĺŵùˣ
һСʱ̶һСʱ֮ڣȫͬһţһشţǱǹܲóۻعĿġ
ȵʱ򣬲û֪۵Ϊʲô»عģλʮδ̤ˣһϺʻʱһǿƵķ籩йĹдңȫеҵڲۻعĿ֮ǰԼΪŵĿ꣬ۻعĿһв΢ȶͬʱҲкܶССҵĿĺŵϣΪһСʱǰ˵ĺţǳλعĿꡣ
ȻǼ٣Ȼ˻ɣϾ۵ݲȥչڵһҵҲҪԳѽһ仰һ绰ĺϾͻУй˾˭Ǯ˭ͿԽ
ϢȻˣҲǼ٣ڹڵҵ˵УޣҲкܶҵʾãԲŻвϵҵĺŷģڳ۶֮ǰĺʧȥ
֣⵽ô£ΪʲôŻǹ˾ע⣿
ıǸͤںȾƵģһõҪչԼҹ˾Ϣ̸˻
׼ҴڣĺŵɶҲ̾ÿһ˵鶼ǳţΪĿǰΪֹǶ˽
ģͲùˣȻġ
컰˵ĺ˭ֲֻ֪Ұοҵ࣬ССĺֵܵס
ѽҾǻҪӦĴʩһ˵
ûΪҪľȽ˾Ǳ߸ȶɲҪŻû֣Լȿˣڶ˵
Ѿʮҹ˾Ϊֺţǹ˾ףôһʵ
˭׼ǴɶԴ˵ΣǲСɶȻԱˣ㣬Ҳǳף
λҲǰ취һع˾Ŀǰɡ
ˣλ£ǹ˾ĹƱѾµٷ֮ʮˡ
һŮܽ
´󾪣˵ôܣⲻСʱΪʲôǵĹƱô죿
ү˶֪ڴǹ˾⣬ǹƱˣѾĹƱȫ׳ȥˡŮش
֡
Ůֻ绰˵λ£ҸսӵϢڰչǹ˾ĹƱ
͵˵ǲţ
˵֣ⲻܵģҪչĺŵĻһģԲڰչҲŵѽ
ǻʲôˣѵǹ˾Ķͷ
Ů˵ҲǣĿǰ˵˭չǵĹƱʾãûҪԼȥչġǵҲѾϸˣڰչǹ˾Ʊ֮ԹʺŽеģǸͲ鲻Էϣ
ɶ໥һۣʱֻȸϻع˾뾡һа취ǰչԼ˾Ʊ˲Լ˾ĹƱд󲿷ʧ˵Уһ֪ˣ
һ棬ӷѾϵ˺һںһˣӷ粻ὫŵȥҲʺϻڵ
ʲôǲһһЦʵ
ӷ˵һ벻⣿
ȻˣֻҪǮ׬ȥС
Ǻãȥһ¡
Ը
֪ĺ𣿡
Ȼ֪ļĹ˾˵鷳ˣ˵ͽʧ
ʧ㲻ùܣҪȥĺŵɶ
ʱȥĺŵĹɶ
ûһǧҪЩǮɶĹƱ
ڸ˵ЦɣһǧҵĹɷݣ
˭˵ЦˣֻҪ˵ȥҵɶһӦġ
⡭
°ˣҸĺŰһλãҵ飬Ӧ֪ôɣ
һͷģ²й¶ݵģͰվ˼ȥĺɶ
һ뿪󣬳ӷóֻͨ˻ѵĵ绰ڵ绰ӷ˵ѽ㣬Ҫˡ
˵ĺˣһǸƻǵļƻ
ӷ֪ʱ̣ĺҹɶǲ׽ĹƱȥģǹƱϢͬʱкڿ͹ǣǸ˶ܲסΪ˱ȫԼĺҵĹɶһûκĹƱ۵ģ
ӷ̧ͷһգЦ׼ңǵĩա


76 ڿͽ
Ϻıڡ
ɳϣһƬĳ
ܲãйҵЭ᳤Ϻίǣг⻹й̽ļͷһ档
վڳ۵ǰһй˵ţǸ߲ԱҵԱҪ˵йҲŵĵһأ㲻˵йٺãҲ̤š
ûȥںԼˣֻʵҶˣ
شܲй֮ǰҾ͸ۿйһǿ߱ܲڽ£Ҳܲʶ֪ļ֤ߣڣѾʮˡ
ЦЦ˵鶼Ѿȥˣ£Ҳˣ
ĦĦҪԱ֮һڵ꣬ĦǮһ壬ɳһǿȴĸʮʱ䣬ɼڳ۲ô򵥣
ǣڵ꣬ԼйˣȨµʵ޻Ƕɲʱǵսľ޻ŷޣ߷޵Щͷ̸ǰʱ࣬ˣȴΪһŮˣԭ£ڣֻһһͭζˣˣĦصĸ
ʮǰ˶ƳΪʨȴΪʨʾΪʵ۵˼Щ꣬ƳΪܲãۻǵλʨûκεĸı䣡
Ȼ۶ã޷˽ˣ˵ϣûκһ˽ˣ͸жǮһ˶֪۵жǿǿԴʲôط
У£ԶܲõģֻҪܲʲôʱѪ֮ƥС
۽еƬǳϧķżǰĿڴΪԽΨһһźӰ
ඣǸҲѾûǸˣ˵ˣ
ܲõ˼ǡ
ʮ⣬Ҳǳοҳ۵ĶӣྩǱߵеôˣ
ڽй֮ǰĺš
˶٣˵̫ܲһ
Ŷ˵˵ʲôһģ
ܲӣһĵȥչһҼţ֪ܲΪе³ܲҡȴѡ˰֣ʹĵ˷ʤ
۵˵ͷʵ˶˵ҳҾۣ˵ô
ԥһ£˵۵û䣬һ۵𣡡
۵û䣡û˵ûҸҰֶѾûˣҵҲˡ
ܲãҵģǼܸܵһҲ֪ˣǻ᲻ᡭ
˵ҶûµĻǾҽеһжͷҲΪ˼¡סһУҶԼͷ㲻Ҫ֡
˵ܲãһ
Ҳãȥྩɣй̲ˮδ֮ǰһǳ
ʱ򣬱¥һŮ˵ġšӦǱ
ۿһ۵ͷεЦЦ˵͵ǵİͲɾ
ǣܲá
𲽳¥ȥʱ˫ԭɫ۾ͻȻΪѪɫͷֳһɫͼڣգۼΪ˼
һӵʱ䣬¥һŮ˵Ĳҽ
ྩĺܲеĹԱͬٴа㣬ľ֮£ʧҵĵˣһµĹʣһĽòˡ
˵ڸô죿Żδ֣˾ĹƱѾˣһ˾գǿɾͶʧҵˣ
˵Щʲôãҿǳ˹˾֮ǰһȥܲãµĹʽ˰ɣ
Ҳôģ˵ŶЩӹ˾ĹԱ˵˾һչǵнˮأ
ȥɣֻ˵Ҫչǹ˾Ҳû֪չ˾Ŀѽ˭Ա֤һչ˹˾Ҫ˾ȥֱʧѽ
˵ǹ˾ĸ߲ŵˣŻűġ
ôܣſȫʮҵ֮һȫģôܻῴС˾ǹ˾ĸ߲ɵƣҲеȥŵѽ⻹ֱӰ˫ַˬ
ĺŵĹԱȫΪԼĽģʱԼǰ;ΪҪġ
ĺŵĴĸɶļٵŽصĴ
ףǹ˾ĹƱѾµ˰ٷ֮ʮǸڰչǹƱ֮˵ڶδЩ侮ʯļһӣҪڲˣ
ͷĴ󺹣˵ϲ飬ֻҪչǹƱ֮˲취ĹƱǻϣģ
ףҪҪȥһϺ飬˵Źأ
õĻȥˣ˵ʮֶ˭ֻ֪Ҫ˵飬ûֹˣϺȥǲ˷ʱ𣡡
ˣףǿ쿴⣬ô£
ĸɶ֮һĹɶŻҵĵĻɵۣΪڵĻϳһĻ棬ǹﻹڲͣ
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ڹϣĺ֮ʱȻֳ˲Ĺ⻹ò˻ˣ
ϰѼԱѲɱ
ʮӣһܽ˻ңλ£ǹ˾еԣȫ˲ϵͳҲѾˣ
ôŭ
ǣǺڿͣкڿͳʱ򹥻ǡ
ϸҶԸʲôһҪԷǹ˾ϵͳϳȥ
˵Ǽһᾡģ


77 ɹչ
ӷܵܣõʲôˣҲ̫ǿ˵ɣȥҵĲᴫģʱһʰ鷳ˣ
һֱڵȴǵĳ֣ĿǰΪֹҲûһӰԣӦû֪ྩ顣
ȻӷõĲʵ̫ǿˣڶ̶ʮ֮ڣѾĺŵϵͳȫ̱ˣʹĺǱ߸û취κεĲ
Ĳһûƺãĺ磬ǿɢ֮ˣ޷һʱ佫
ɳӷʲôˣ֮ףںڿͽݺ꣬δ֣Щûаյ飬ӷҲȥ
оһȫµĲרŹЩҵģһ룬ǲܶԷķǽôǿҲǵֵסġֲڼ֮ڿסԷϵͳеϵͳȫ̱ȴֻҵĿƷΧ֮ڴԲܵطȥġ
˳ӷĻѲŷϾǹҵĹԱһΪչĺŵ飬ҵĻҲǻġ
Ȼˣ㶯Ҫӿ죬粿ŵ˲ֽǿɾͻ鷳ˡ
ס̻СʱСʱ֮ڣĺŵйƱȫơ
治֪㻹ʲôǽĺĹƱȫ֣Ҳ޷סѽ
ѽ㣬ͲùˣĹɶˣʱĻ˳ҹ˾֣ҿɲĺˣ
ӷڶ֮ǰѾгˣĺԼ֮ܲ˵ġ
ЦЦԼҪΪһй˾ĹɶˣֵȲ˵Ժôɡ
ãˡ
һҪǸֻʣСʱˡ
û⣬СӵļûҸߡ
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ЩûõĶһôǮ˹ؼʱǸҵӣ
գͬʱҲѾϵ˹˾
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ڸô죿
׼ҵ˺ӹˣǸ޿κΡ
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λҽһ£ҽкһȦû֪˭ΪֻǸ֮ѡ
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ֱ˷ǵʱ䣬˵һǧ򣬾һǧڣҲѾǹ˾ԵΣˡ
һ˵ҵ˼ˡҵ˼ǽλĸΣǹ˾ûʲôƨϵ
ɶ̫׺һ˼Ϲɶʵˣлֱ˵ɣ
ãˬ죬ҲͿżɽˡ
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ɶҲɵӣǱߵϢ˶֪ĺŹƱϢҲܣڿͽ֮һСʱǰŷǰôô֪ˣһʱ
Ϲɶʵһжɵģǹ˾ʲôڣΪʲôҪôɵֶζԸǣ
һЦᣬѹûϵҲûôıѽĺŵȷǵһǵﲻ¸λûϵ׵һ˸ɵĺǣǡ
ףԭⶼ׼鷳
ɶ̾˿鶼Ѿˣ֪ѾûصˣҲʱΪԼˡ
˭
ǾͲ֪ˣҲֻǷλġϰ˵ˣԸһǮλĹƱҲϰΪ˱ȽʴȣҲ֪ϰ岻ͬҪ군ǸʱλһǮòǷһƨɵծǳ˴ȫ¥֮⣬û·ߡ
һ˵ûһĺŵգǾһǷծǷ¸ծ֮ǰЩĻ飬֮ģѾĺŵ·ˣǿɲȵĺŵ֮鷢̫ͻȻеծѾˣ
û뵽ݺ̳ʮͷȴĸڲϹɶ˿ʵ˵ɣϰǮҵĹƱ
ҸղŲѾ˵Ҿһǧ򡣡
ʲôһǧеĹƱ
λѵڻãĹƱֵǮҲʵǣҸҲûʸּۻˣ˱ȽϺϰ˵پǶ١
һɲɵʱɲȥڳӷǮĿҲᵼԼ·ߣʱǱվһԼСѱ
ʱȣȴûˡ̻һСʱһСʱ֮ڻҪеƽϾɲڶΡ
ɶΣһžǳԶԼˣװѽǽǼʶˣ
ðɣԣ˰ƽ
һվЦνʶʱΪܣλȥʹϰ֮ǵġ
ʲô˼˵ǻ
һʱһۣҲܳӷ֮ôĺŵ飬м˽ĺŵϳڣǶҹ˾кܴġ֮⣬˵ɶѾƱȫˣѾϰˣҹ˾ǱѪܽΪõĻǰôԺȻôȻľȨڳӷ磬ԺһҶ˵ʲô


78 ﻮ
Ҷ˵˵ɣôúõĺţһ֮ھͱ˸أ
׿ԷɫѿͭӸҲòȥ׼ҵĿ̨˵ҲʧȻ鶼Ѿչˣû԰׼
û뵽һϢͽ׼Ҹ
̾˿ĺűչˣչ֮ȴţӿʼûҲѾ֤֮ǰڳۻعĿǼٵġ
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һº֡
ͭ߳ѩѱ˼
֣ڶʲôʱˣлֱ˵ɣ׿Է˵
ѵǾͲ̫Ҳ̫ϳྩǺڵҵ磬߾磬֪ļҵĹϵǰͲ˸κһΪУΪǶ֪һΪУǾͬʱļΪУڣ˾Ȼһ֮ڽĺŸչˣĿ굽ǵ׼ңļң
ͭһҲûһΪУǾ͵ڸļͬʱΪУ˭֪ҲȥðաڣͳһܽҳĻͭҶ᲻ġ
֣˼˵ԷĿļң׼ң׿Էʵ
ûЩ˲٣еĵУû˭һ֮չĺŵģҲûд˵Ȳ֮ˡ
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ӣҵȥһ׼ˣǱߵôˣ
νǳ˻ϲĺŸˣʱҲû֪׼Ǳߵеļȫ׼ұ֮⣬׼ҵȴûһվġ
ڷҶɽׯĳУӷѶ˴ЦʹĽ֪ʲô¡
ι˵ûɵЦʲôѽϷ嶼ΪԽǱߵ鷳ģɳӷȴûµƵģЦôģȻǲˬ
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ӷɲɵĺŵϷǣȻֶֹɷݵġ
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һҿİڣӷҲûѽܺһһȻûʸʶѵġ
һθɵĲǲġ
˵ﻰⶼСܸġοĺţҲǾ㣬ûʲôϵ
ʵСӣΪʲô
ţŶѣ
һɵӷֱ˵Ҳܻ֪֪Ȼӷûκ˵
ˣĺŵĹɷѾаٷ֮ʮˣ⣬׼Ǳ߻аٷ֮ʮǰٷ֮ʮǴŸỹǳ֣ҲѾҵˣ
˴ӹչĹƱĺɶĹɷ֮⣬׼Ǳ߻аٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮҪٷ֮ʮȣ𲻵κεãӷʱԽ׼ҿ¾֣ȴǳӷҪģȻ׼ҸԼ鷳һ˺ԼߵˣǳӷҪԶʧ
˵˵ɣʲô취ǿ׼ģӷ翴źһʵҲǿһʱʲô¶ҪԼȥĻôʲô
ʵǿͬķλڿ͸֣ĺŵĿֽţʱ׼ҾһҲ˵ˡ
ĺ֮ǰĴɶ׼ңȻԼĲҵʲôֽţĺǰЩȱ¸ĻԳӷ罫ƹĺŲΨһķҲǺһ˵ˡ
ӷǳĵ˵ͷ˵ǾͰպһ˵ȥ֮⣬ǻҪһ㹻֮ҵҹĺš
ʵ¾ãĺŵɶǿõģĹɷʱҲ㣬ǡ
Ⱥһ˵꣬ӷɫһ䣬˵һݰɣ
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ˣһΣ²ΪҪ֪ҽʲôλãҪʲôλãһԽȨı֣Ӧú
ǣǣԲһˡ
ӷͻȻһС³ѾµһƵġԲǳӷţڣҲöʡ
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ҪһĺţȴأӦһΣ֮ˡѽ㣬ûбȽϺõѡ
ҵһʱѹһĽɫǳӷͲˣΪҪǣ˱ҪĸԸΪԼκλرģ
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ʲôط˲ࣿ
ͻȻ⣬ûѸһ̫ף
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ӷܵܣȥѡˣ
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79 ׼
ͭ׼ҴһͨµĻ֡
ɾһҹʱ䣬ǻԼļҵеˣ˳ӷ磬Ϊ֮ǰѾӷĵϸˣ֪ӷһһеĹ¶ʶĽ鼸ˣҲһ֮չĺţ
ڵ׼Ҷԣ˵ĺŰٷ֮ʮĹɷ䵽ǸĻֻ֣֮ҪлͭҶţ첻ԼûжɽĻᣬǸĻôأҲ綼¶ˮģʱöǰྩ첻Ļò
֣׿֣֣պһУСܿɾͿˡ
ͭô꣬ļ£Ҷһʱվģ׼ԵĴδģֻҪڣֻҪྩǾܱ֤׼Ҳû䡣
ϵܣģļҵĽ飬׼ңǶңܶԷ˭ֻҪһ¶棬һ֤ͭҪС
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ĽŴ򿪣ֻſվɫװˣ˵ͣµϳ
˭
𣿡ͷʵ
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ãྩг׿Է˭ྩ˵ģǣʲôҵ
׿гãʡģǣİʱ޷͸¶һ˰ɡ
˵ʲô֤˵Ұָҵйأ
Ѿ˵ˣֻЭѣĻͲҪʲô
ͤǼǰ˵٣ȸһ˰ɣڣ㲻õġ
Ҳ˵ǷģµģҸȥˡ
׿Է˵ǺãϵܣȸߣϵһʡʵǸʲô
˳׿ԷҲȥ׼ұĵĸڷǳΪһŮ˵治֪Ǻá
裬İɣֲµġ
ģǿֻҪˣϸȥʱ򣬿ǧҪʲô⣡
ĴӦһ뿪ʱ˭֪¥ͻȻһˣڱſڣҲһˣһһŮͶڶʮҡ
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ĸȻһĿŶ¥Ǹ£ſڵǸŮҲѾŸ
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״٣ļԲ̫ãǾһɡ
СৡһŮͬʱһ䵶ȻЦС룬ףྩѧһϵϴһСģͷӣлͤǼͷӸ˶ǰܲŶˣϴѧУｫĹӴ˵ĳӷ磬ҵϴ󡣡
֪ߵˣףôҵԼģó˵ѵײɡ
Ҿǣ׼ңǸĻǵĹ
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ףٸϻŮɱ˽㡣
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ৡ
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ģǸΪе³ĸȥɣܿ죬ϵҲž۵ġ
׵һӣڡһһֱ˹ȥ
ǣǣ
ྩĳֵϣµϳϹྩĳڴپ׷ˡ
ӷһҹʱ׼ķ֤ݿɲ÷ƲΪӷֻ֪Ҫнڣɶ˵ûãһҽ֮һҪô죬Ҳֻһ취ˣȽ׸֩ȥɵĸӣپ׷ɱ졣
پö˰ɣʱɲˣЫǱߵǻûء׷ʵ
پ˵ͷ˵סЩˣɱסֻɱ׵һңǵ񣬿ɲҪʡĹԱҲɱˡ
׷˵񡣡
ͬʱ׷Ѿ𣬽˹ϣµϳ
֨
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Сģ˵ģ
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ˡ
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öԣѾʴˣȥ޶ɣ
̡

Ѫĺӿǡ
پ䵶һգ׷˵ɣߡ


80 
һڱɱ֮ºܿ㴫ྩǣеý塢Ӷ˽ɸû֪ʱѺʡˣҲûֵòһ׼ȻȻΪ˳ɱֻǵĿǰΪֹûҵһֵ֤ݶѡ
ΪӣͭѾ˶ǰȥѰ֣׿ԷҲйʩѹǱҲʲôһʱ䣬ྩһƬҡ
˿̵ĳӷྩһƬڣྩͺ֪ƵģһеһҲԼ޹Ƶģϥ֮Уһһҹʱˡ
Ϸʱӷ·һεһΧţһɵޣ֮޻ʧ
ӷ绺۾վȻһӣ䡱һһ˳ӷ֮У
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ȻšĴɣΪӷ緢֣ľۻʾּˣʱһóӷдϲԡ
ʱ򣬳ӷ緢֣˺ܶȳ棬Щȳũֲʳ
ӷԡЩĺģһĻƬҲյáľۻʾĻһƴȥرϲ⣬ȴһΪཬģǣӷָ߸һ٣ͻأһźɫӳ˳ӷϷ
źɫΪ顱ǳӷһθپǵ䵶һƳģȴûʹù
ͳڣһ¡顯ɡӷֽ顱һ顱û˿ϣ̼ڻںΪһ塣
鷢ˣ顱ڻ֮أȻһƬɫƬɫٵγһ֩֩ϵ쿪쿪ƽҡ
ʱ򣬳ӷһȭա
һ֩˿̾ͺñһ㣬ɢǿҵĺڹ⣬س֩촦лȳȫڡ
֮󣬳ӷĿڵĻȳɲǼ䱻Զʧϡ
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ӣӦҲżģҵ취Щ˽պЩɢ޸ʱܻԿ
ӷĿǰӵеľֹʵ̫˵㣬ԣӷ绹Ҫ취ȥŪԼΪƳķҩ
Ȼҿ߶ԸңһҪĶӣұҪ콫ྩĵ£Żиķչ
䣬ӷڴֻ
һʾǻѴġ
ѽ㣬ôˣ
ڵ绰˵ǱѾϵˣмҪġ
ȻˣֱྩҰɣϹ
ǾûģֻҪԷӦʱ԰Ūһ԰˸ıһݣԺ޹˼ɵİĺš
Ƶģӷʵѽ㣬ǵĹϵѵʲôǲ˵𣿡
ӷܵܣǴѽʲô㡣ȻˣҾͲˡҪˣû⣬ȸǾһ棬ҪЩҪ˵
ҪԼǻ𣬳ӷһʵԽɣ
ӷܵܣɲԲҪô˵׳ҲĸѽңҲ㲻ˣԲɾ̸ġ
Ҹ֮ûʲô̸ģںҵĻͲˡ
Ҫ̸ľ顣ӷܵܣ㲻ɮҲѽҿǴӦһ뵽ģ
ӷ䲻κεĽͣ˵ûô˵ԼĸףӷҲ֪ΪʲôҪԼ
ǺðɣҾʲô˵ġ
ҮϴǼҾƵɲҪŽĸŶ
İɣҴӦ˾һȥġ
Ҷϵ绰ӷǲ֪ǵΪʲôҪԼɳӷ֪
ô˵һܶ鶼ҪȥԵģʮĽᣬҲϾͿԽ⿪ɣ


81 
ϣϴԽľƵֻ꣬ûнҾƵȻԽû
ӷų⳵ھƵſ˳ͼѸϷӭ
ӷܵܣǻΪŸأ
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ѽƷӪӣٵϴμԽ죬ӷ粻Ƕ𡣲ӷ統֪ԽʮǰԼλĸ׵Ļǲġ
ˣѾˣǿȥɡ
ӷԥһ£ʵǾ֮⻹ûˣ
˧磬ͷĺˣǾûˡ
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Ȼ֪ŵĳԼĸףǳӷҪɲҪҾƵ궼ŵģǹ֪ۻ᲻ð
ӷܵܣİɣҾƵҵģ㸸׶ЩСҵȤģ˵
Сҵ
ŲΪȫĴҵǼƵȴΪСҵѹԼɢһϢȥʹĺŴˣӣŵҪԼеĻҪǿѽ
ҾͲˣһίϯĸףһܲøף˧ȴ˿ܣǡ
壬˵һɣ
˵ʵҵĻ˹ȥѽߣһεĻϾҪʼˣһ׳ȻҪһʱίϯھǱ߶˵Ǹλӣ˳׳ģйһεŮѽ
ӷϷĻȴûв죬ǵԼ޹أǹٴǮٶ࣬Ȩ죬ѵͿԼ
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ӷҲûж룬ֱ޵Ķ棬ʵʲô¾ֱ˵ɣûôʱǺġ
̫ˣ統һôԸ񣡡
Цӷ磬һҪԸлϴξȫӣڶ̸̸㸸ĸ顣
ǵ¸ûϵԼ
ӷѽ֪һǳĸĸǵΪʲôҪ㡣鲢ʵ˭Ҳ룬ĸĸΪ£ʮǰѾַˣһйһʮʱ䣬ҵүӣΪ鵽ڻìܡ
˵ЩĻҿˡȻʮ궼Ѿˣôֺαء
ӷ磬˵Ҫ̫֪֡ĸʮôΪ쵼ˣԹЩ˵ʱҪװһǳŵ̬ȣصȴ˻Ƶġʮĸ״ûǹ㡣ӷ̬ȺǲˬҲԼĴЩʹ࣬ʵͲסŭ
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Ҫ֪ԳҸԼҵȨƣټйм˸ΪУ˵ǽճĳӷ͵ˣѵǸһͲ±׷ɱ𣬿֪͵߳ӷ֮ҲǸ򵥵
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תԽ˵һӶǸ쵰ˣɼȻҶӿ˿ڣϹɡ
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һ绰ϣһֱϺֱྩ
Խ˫ۺĿųӷ磬ʱҲʮּ
ӷˮҲѾԽ죬дЦ衣
ӣҵĺöӡ
һ棬Խһ绰˾ǣڵ绰Խ̽ྩߵ˵һ飬֮󣬾һϵЦãɵĺãθɵƯҵĺﻹţԼҺˡ
һʱ䣬Ϣɵйĳҵһ̳¸ʮꡰ˹ȨԼӵΨһһжλ̫ӳΪй۵Ķ󣬵λ̫˵أ


85 һž
һ磬һŴӸŵݷǳ򵥣˵Ѿྩôһ򵥵ţʹҵ롣
ྩһҵʮҵͷȫۼÿһĿҲͬġ
Ҷ˵˵ŵܲΪʲôʱྩĿֺΪ
˵һˣһɫװȥǳš
᳤Ҿãǰ촫ſܲ٣ſĺŵĻǳΪʲô׼ҿ̨֮ྩأһ긾Ů˵
ʵĺŵ飬˵ĳ֣˶ŵٵģ˹ɢҥԣΪŵǸͲҪڰиչȥҲκ˸Ҳ£ɵʱ۸ʲôûж˵ĺҲǸ֮֡
ڿྩȺҵͷˣ۵ڸʲôǰչĺŵֻ᲻йϵǳɳˣֻ᲻ҵ֣
֮ۼҵ˶ǳģԼ̤׼ҵĺ·Ǹʱ򣬿Ҫȥ¥ˣ
᳤˵᳤ܻѾϺݷùˣ֪û˵ʲôһʵ
һ˵ǻҵЭྩֻĻ᳤ֽ壬ҵܲãӪƵ⣬ҲɽĸףྩҸ׼ұͬΪһɼȻ׼ѾˣңȻͳΪྩһҵ塣
˵᳤ܻ۵涼û˼ҸûǻҵЭ
᳤Ȼ᳤ܻûۣǲҪ취ȥһ棬ྩĿ˽ҲиӦĴʩѽ
˵ӦʩôӦ䣿ǿţҵֵĻǾҵҲ˼ҵĶ֡ο᳤ܻôأ
ڸô죿
ֻһ취ĺ֣ȴǹڵĺţ֮áţǸڰչĺŵ˲ģҲһйϵȻ鲻ôɣֻҪǽʶǸˣƾܽ⿪еˡ
ʱһ绰Ҷϵ绰˵ϢĺѾ¹ɶˣҲѾĺŸΪţǸȻûг֣ίǰĺŵɶʱڵţҲѾŵܾˣ
˰죬֮һ֮չĺţԭɶûסĹƱ˳ȥ
ͺðˣҸһﻹе취ȥǵĻɡ
˵ͷ˵ǽȵΪֹҲҪ룬ȥԼ°ɡ
ྩӷϵģû뵽˸һֱӰ˳ӷһѡ
һۣóĽһܿͻᴫȫǸʱ˶֪ӷźܸܿйϵӿһҲӹ˾Ļڶʱ֮ڣ˸Ҵŵ⣬ӷҲԽʱ佫ԼȫµŸȶصԭĹȥ
ңԽ˸ӷһֱû뿪ڵȣȳ۵ĵ
ԽҲ˳ۻû֮ʱ˽һ³ӷʮ
ӳӷտʼ˵ԽûͣԱߵԽ̸Ҳſޡ
Ϊˣô˵ŮˣһĸףĸױǿԸһеģΪʮöʮ꣬᲻ģ
ӷ磬Բ㣬겻ˣͲᱻħʮˡһλˣĲκˣһı¡裬ôҵλˣһҪúôл
߻ѵһӷ鹹һλˣҲֻ춴顣
裬㲻ˣ˼Ѿˡ
ʵӷ磬𣿡
ӷ˵˵ɣѾˣһȥˣ
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ʱһ˵ˣܲõˡ
ű򿪣ͼվһɫװˣʮңһ޾ϡ
磬ˡ
һĲǳӷ磬һʱӭȥ۸˽
û뵽ʮ겻һ㶼ûѽȴѾˣ
֮ǰŮ˿ޣڻˡ
ôϣԶе񻰣ǲܻϵģ
ˣ㶼ôˣ޸Ǿѽ
ߵԽǰЦ죬ʮˣڼˡ
Ϊ˶ӣһ𣿡
Խߵĳӷ˵ӷ磬ĸס
ӷ۸ԣòоųɵʶӷǶʮǰĳۣһģӿ̳ġ
ӣҵĶӣû뵽ҳ۵Ķӻϡ
۷һЦӷȴеļӲѹͬʱһǿɢȫΧ˳۵ϡ
ӷ֪һѾôǿˣԼӣֻǿһôĵزأ
óӷʧҲܳԾΪûڳ۵ϸо˿ĲԼɢȴ̼ʧΣ
ô£ΪʲôҵΪʲôͻȻʧˣǱôܣ
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ӷһû뵽ԼΪһ۾͸ˣ
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ӷڻûסĸѾǰˣԼʲôѽԳһۿԼΪһ֣ӷ֪Լ׿ɲѽ
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ۣûĻ˵ˣھ̸̸ӷɡԽ˵
۵죬һǵ¸˴٣ҲѾ֪ͨҰ֣¸¾ͻعֱǰǵġҵЩܡ㲻õģҰѾǣֱӻϺܵȥµġ
㻹ǸһءðɣȻѾһжźˣǿӷķϣҲƽϡһҪӦҡ
˵ʲôҶӦ󡣡
Խۣ˵ºҪˣҲϣΪ飬ľǴҡ
ԽֲмҺǵģ˵֮궼뾩ˣ
ЦЦǹ棬Ϊ˶ӣʲôƨͳͳȥɡ̣ҵĳɼǸһѽ
ӷ綼˵ЩʲôôԼĸ׸Լĸ׶гɼѽԼ׵굽Щʲô£
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Խ˵ӷ磬͸һؾɡ
Ͼ
ӷһԥྩ߻кܶҪûأԼʱߣ»⡣
ҽʱ˵죬ӷŵྩѧµʱ䣬ǻȴһѧУ飬ʱһϾɡ
ΪӷΧѵѾ֪ĺŵ飿
Խһ£˵ǺãҸ׳뼸٣ʱһϾ
ӷɲԽྩϾԼкüڵսҪλ׳һỵµģ
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ڻ飬Ǳ߶ûϢӷһѧô֪ģ
ɣһǻѸϷ˵ġ
˵㣬ӷ˵Ҳԣڵȷʺ٣㻹Ȼؾȥɣʱ˶ҪϾӷ粻µġ
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˵죬ĺˣϣû˿˺ǵĶӡ
ӷףΪʲôԼҽöԼгɼˣûģţܵѽȫ磬˵ȫ磬ȫй
Ȼӷ粢֪۵ǿԶԶ󲻵ġֻ۵񻰣ʱѾȥˣڵһУм֪۵Ű裡


86 е˲
ԽԽ̵ڶرȥˣ۸ӷ罻̸һϣ˵Ҳǳӷʮڳӷ飬ûжʡ
ྩϢһȻ뾡취ҪΣ۵Ӱϳ˺ý¶棬ϴμϺĵƬҲֻĲ棬ԾǳڴϣҲûϵĳ
븸ĸȻǼֵø˵飬ӷ绹ԼҪǱ߻ûȶǱҲڸЫţͭļҲһңһ£ӷҪϾ֮ǰһ롣
ྩϼŵȫͽ̵ķˣǲᱻġ
ѿɫųӷ˳ϼһͼİ칫ҡ
鶼źûУ
ճȥѾͶһʵ
λվϻЦݣԣϵûѵأ֪ѵݡ
УҪҰŵҶѾźˡϱļǲܿһ£
Ѷ˵һݿƹĵļ˼ۺֽļ˻ѣ˵λ
ʮӺӷѴһ̽ſڣصˣȻ˵У˶Ҫѡģ㿴ĸȽϺʣ
ѶԳӷʵӷܵܣأ
ӷͨϵĲˣˣʹʮʮĶУÿһ϶
УСһȽһۿȥͲΪΣǸȽϴ壬òģʣֵıȽգһһģӷһһѾˣ治÷ŵʲôλȥ
һ˴ԼʮңоΪȴ飬·ǰһڰĵ·ֻҪͨڰĵ·ܼƵġ
վǸ˽ʲô֣
ֱӽӷ֮˵Ͻӷ缸۽Ͽ֪Ǹʮ꣬һǰΪϻ˳ԼĹ˾գǷһƨɵծи˷Ժʮͽ̡
ţˡ
ӷûнϻǽ˻ѡ
ѵ˵ͷ˵ĸ˴߰ɣҪȸ̸̸
µЧʺܿ죬һӾĸ˸ˡ
ӷ罫Ŵ򿪣һ˽ȥȴĪĿųӷˣ֪ΪʲôԼԼڽ˭
ӷʵ
˵ͷȴǷʵ˭
˭ʱҪ֪мҪ㣬ĻشĻʣµ꣬㲻Ҫˡ
ɲɵϣԼʮ꣬ڲŴһʱ䣬ԼıٺãҲǰôųȥѽ
Сӣ⻰ʲô˼ѵ뽫Ҵļȥ𣿡
ᣬǽ㣬ֻһѧз֮ضѡ
ҲţԼѾˣʲôǿԼʧġ
һѧҳ˻С֮ʲôᣡ
Ҫľǿͷԡڸһڣʲôܽһһ֮ڱڣ
⣬ܻش⣬ȴģңҲڱ֮ϣشСѧ˵ҪһǮǮõķǽ飬Ȼ屶ջСѶģʲôֻҪĸҪǮڵÿһĸȥںǮģѧԣҪһٿٿ飬õķǴϷװѣڴѧ˵Ҫһǧǧ飬õķһǧȥװԼԼΣҽ죬ȻǰҪǸ͡
һϻʵĻشûشһ
ЦЦ˵ҪһһڱڣֻҪҸղ˵ЩСѧѧѧȤ˵ڣʮҲ⡣
˵ûҪڳ˵׬Ǯʵ̫ѣϵЩ˶ƵģûоŷĶôܻǮѧһȻûоԴǵĸĸѽֻҪǵȤҪŷҲԸѣôȥǵĸĸ֣ƨѽ
ӷǳĻشҲһˣȴһһֱֱļ飬Ǹһϵȥ飬ñȥ򣬱˼ȥ֣ԼĿֻΪ׬Ǯļ̣
ѧڱȥٸ㻻ݣ˶֪ΣԸԸ£
һΪԼˣϾǰͶ̫СȨԼ뿪԰Լһݣ
ǣҲȻ˿ԵԼ̸ûһԱߣһµ뵽һһŮͷѵǴĿԼΪ
Ϊȷʵղ˵ʲô
˵ҿ԰뿪Զ뿪Ұ㻻ݣֻҪĸԸİ£պ㽫йҵ߳ơ
ƾʲôǣ
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ྩˣģô֪ܲĺš
׼ҵġ
ǰǣڲˡĺѾҸչˣš
ʲô˵ĺűչˣ
һˣȻ֪бֽ֮ڵģҲҪüŻᵽЩУĺŵշңȻ֪
ûĺѾʧˣҽ֮ڽţڲһж䡣ֻҲ뱩¶ҵݣҪһ˰ȥԸĻڽһұ֤й¶ҵݣԶЧңôڿʼ㲻ʽΪŵܲá
ԼĶ䣬ǰƶʮ궼ȻչĺţܽԼŪȥԼһҴŵܲãⲻϵڱ
ϵһڱǲȦ׾壬ԶԷбҪݺԼɵ϶֪ܣ
͵վ˵Ը⣬
ȲҪôŴӦҪ֪ȻŪȥ۰ٱͬٲĵǸҪֲһٱ
ӷҪԵģһŽĴ治ĻǺ롣ȻӷҲɵȫȥپǣֵԼȫȥţԣӷǰ˺һţΪľúһϸĺˣλܲãһʲôľٶԼҲڵһʱ֪һҲԲʲôԼҪǲĻҲҪӷ綯֣پĸһʱ佫ʮ˿顣
ģȻȳȥģҾԻһΪµģ˿Ĳҡ
ܺãǴڿʼѾڣͽż֤㶨
л֮±ضǡ
ӷЦ⻰ѾʱˣԺ˵еİɡ


87 
ȨżһȫµݣӷҲѾżŽţżΪŵܲãǰĺŵɶΪҪŵľںһӷ罫²ҲȽϺüżˣһеʿһһʱ֪Ҳһʱ֪ͨӷ硣
żҲѾصԭĹϣż䱻ӷΪܲãʲôչҪӷģһİǰĺŵĿȥչĻҲûʲôͷ޷µҵˡ
ӷľĿǰйҵ׬ǮҲӰӣзز⼸ˣͬһʱüȥչĻƻҵĦӷ粢̫չҵսӲ뿿ŸĸȨȥѹˣǣӷȴӰӷ淢չⷽһĳɹٷչҵ
ȻǰĺŵЩСҵ񣬳ӷ粢û䵭ȥǰĺŵɶȥԼֵңڣǮͺˡ
˵죬پ绰ӷ磬ӷ˵һĿǰķչ
ʱǰͻļ룬ʹĶҲѾ𽥴죬پҲѪֶΣð˳Ϸڶ֮£Ҳûκ˸в֮ˣڵѾǧռǰͻĵ̣Ы
ںڵ£ӷҲѾı˼ƻ֮˻ҸǰģǱ߻ڼԽ켴йĵһŮʱڣΪӵĳӷ粻ܸԼĸ鷳Ȼ˲֪ӷǶĻͷŶǰԽκˣҲԽλһŮΪĵһ°ɣӷĶҲҪ̫Ѿ˹ҵǹֻҪʱﲻ̫֣ྩڵԶΪףӷҲΪྩڵ
Ϊ˲öǰʱڷӷҲɵپȥ̣Ҫ׳ΪǰƽƽŲöǰﶯ˶ĸ
ӷڵ绰´һһҪڱµףҲԼϾ֮ǰЫʱԼԳ֣ףҲǳӷԭļƻ֮һɣǰͻȶ֮󣬾ȫЫ
磬ӷոջص⻹ûţѾڴһŭĴĸϻڱڴһҶ
ʲô£ս𣡡
ӷ罫ûؽŴ򿪣һ۾ͼվ˴ڣФͱһţ˻һ⳯Ф˹ȥ
ҪѾͷ첻ؼңԭЩĵ˻һߣϸһȥ
˼Ӵ˵ĲǱˣǱ˵Ļ͵ˣôܻܵԼФΪФĸף
ФһƴԼĸ˵裬ôˣҲˣôҵѣ
ѣĵѾͷһĵҰСסһ⣬Ҳ̫ˡФݣ㶪ûϵɱФҸҵ
⻰˵Ļ˺ǲˬʲôѽǿɶǾǸ߹ٵŮ쵼˾ǾӵϽھȻ˵ǲĵŮˣǿФϣѾı߳š
˵̣Ҳ̫˰ɣôأ˵ˣСŮôִܶء˵
ұ죬ʲôʱֵ˵ˣ㵱ԼǸʲôûҰѾͷ
ѴŭС󣬻û˸ԼΪٽ˵ԼһФңһң˵һ㣬ɣ
㡭
ɲȻǰĽס˵СѣĻС͸ΪˣǹܲˣԼҵ飬Լȥɣ̾ˡ
Ľ˵һ̡֣ɼʱѾФãĽһ绰ҪӸץˣ
ӷʱ֣ߵФǰ˵̣ˣСֻǡ
ӷ磬ڸҳˡҸ㣬ƭŮҸû꣬ϴɾƨɵΰɡ
ӷѽԼʲôʱƭФˣĸӲҪԼŮȥ׵Ļ᲻ؼ
Ǹҡ
ʲô˵ˣھȷĸ㣬ФҵţܣŮ治²Żᱻƭ
裬㲻ôܣ㣬㡭
Фʵûٴ˦־˳ȥ
ŭѾͷһ
ӷΣôȥ׷ФǸԼƴɣ뻹˰ɣɱˣὫԼȥԼƭŮ
ӷ磬ҵţû꣬ǲŹġ
ﶪһݻܳȥ׷Ůȥˡ
ӷҡҡͷЦһĸҲѽ
Ľǰ˵ӷܵܣδĸӦѽ
ʲôδĸ壡Լʰһ°ɣȥϴ裡
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ι˧磬ǿû񣬻ʰɡϷе
˵ǻǮɨɡ
ʮӺ𣬻˵Ļ죬ЩɨЧͦߵġ
ţͼһɫװվſڡ
΢΢һ˵ڴɨ˶ôϵˣһءˣɣɨɾһǮ
еͿҪ˵Ѿ˽
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˵ʲôϻأǿɶûԷǲƭٷѽĽ˵
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¥ӷϴ裬ͼվ˴ﻹŴɨĹߡ
һ㶣ȫ˳ۣҪ˵ȴ˵ڡ
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ӷ¥˵֣ҵѣ
Цףףý͡
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ͷ㸸ףǣǳ
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˵һƴһͷʨӡ
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һǸظСҪ

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ӷתͷһӣ񾭲


88 ̻
зʱ򣬳ûнгӷ˵ȥԣɳӷһӵļˣһ븸ͬԷ
ϣ˺ǲΪ֮ǰǴɨ๤ʹֻţ
ӷ粻֪˽ôƽһŰ裬ôڶƵģһ仰Ҳ˵̧ͷġ
ѽ㣬ôˣҽѵǳԣٸӰɡ
ѵĽ˳ӷ£˵
ЦǲôѾӷ˵ˣྩ֮ǳչԺʲô鲻öǼ˵ģʱ绰ңİǽ
ӷ˵֣λС㻹ʲô˵ѽ۸ˣ˭۸ѽ
ԣڳ۵飬ӷ粢֪Ҳ˵
۸ղԣӦѾ֪˻˵ļ
ѿЦЦɲȥҳ۽飬Ϊڳ۵Щ˵ٶ֪һ㣬Ҳ֪۵ֶΣʮδ֣һ֣ǽʲôĻ᲻֪
һԾŶ˵ĻȻ㻰ǿɾͲඣ
ϵĿҪģԼүүǰʱҪ֣οԼôҲҪʲôѽ
壬˵Ǿ񣬺òȥƿƻɡ
ĽΪһʱһӵĲˣƶûУ
ȻЦݣûָ߸ϵĸо˵ˣʮǰѾˡ
໥һۣǶţԼԸͬԷģҲζ벻ġ
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ٷԵĺѹ֣ȻֻԻ˶ԣ۱ͣҲҷ
󣬻һԱߺŲ裬۶Գӷ˵ӷ磬һ壬
˵꣬۽һɫ彻˳ӷ硣
ӷ翴˿壬ֵּǵĶʵ֣ʲô
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˵ı̸̷Ȼ񣬶Զɽعôŵʱһ䶯ǰȥȻġ
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ӷе㲻ףǳ۵ѣΪʲôȥңҪԼȥң
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վ˵ԼСһ㣬һģʲôֱӴ绰
˵꣬۽ĵ绰˳ӷ硣
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ãһȥһˡ
ӷһЦ˵ѽЩ˴ôʱ䣬ΪʲôС¶û뵽أӣǻ治ϣ


89 ǿе
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ͭҾôûҳɱһҵ֣¶ǰٶ࣬׿ԷȨٴôйʩѹһ鲻ʡˣҲֻ֪ɱһͷľʲô֪ˡ
֣ôˣЩһץ𣿡
ͤĵĹϵܺãҲǴСһ浽ģŮһϣоһȣû뵽˵ˡ
ͭҡͷ̾治֪ԷʲôͷǲôãһûУ˵ץ֮ˣ
֣ҾǸһչĺŵǸйأпܾǸɱһҡڵĺѾΪţ֮ǰǼҺһȫΪŵˣŻĪ˸ʲôܲãʲôżãǸż᲻ڰչĺŵˣ
ͤĲϺڵĺѾǱ˵ˣ¡ĺš֮ˣпܾǸˡ
ͭ˵ѾǸżĵϸˣȴһջûУƾðģһļ¼ûС
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ټǲ֪۵ĵȷȷྩȻû֪٣Ҳðգһڵŵӹ˾Ҳ˵ǸżпܾˣɱŵˣãŻŹ𣿡
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ͤģֻҪȷŸûϵһᶯֵģǸżֽҪܡ
ͭŸ䣬ͻȻ䣬һ޴Ŀ罫Ÿ˿漴洫һ۾
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Ӱ˽ҵĴҲͬʱԶرա
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ǻһӣҵ֪ͨҡ㣬㣬ߡ
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˵Ҫ콫һвԲͬЫǱʵǵֵסĻʹȥЫһѡྩڵǶǰ˵㣬ǲͷܶԷôǿҲྩ֮ء
ͤ˵֣ģһɽֱСγɵİɣ̫ķ粨ʮ죬ҾǴྩʧ


90 𺺽
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ྩҽѧԺѧУһѧϿεʱУǽյģȴǲܷ˽ȥ
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ӷ˵𺺽ȴʮּץס˳ӷ֣ʵ㣬ʲô֣
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ǵʨĶӣʮˣʨûϹͷ
𺺽ھȻᣬңԳ۵ĳƺ͸Գ۵ĳƺһʨƺţҲֻг۵ЩŲŻôУ˶Ϊʨ


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ʵڶʱָſƬҲָԭĴС֮ΪˡӡֻڵġӡҪ֮ǰСóӷ֮С
ôڿʲô֪ˣղһĻҲ벻ģǳӷ缰ʱջؾſƬܾͱסˣ
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⵽ʲô
ӷ˵û´ĻӦһ󷨣һ̶ε󷨣ղŽƬγɵǾӦþ󷨵ڣ
󷨣󷨲ʱõΪʲô
Ҳ̫ûһΪʲôԱ̶ΣҲֻһ߲ܻشҡ
˵ôֻҪΪãЩѪҲûа׷ѣ
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ⶼӦġ
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ڣˣүүĲָˣڱҰͽҽԺ
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ö˵ˣô˵ҸѩүүҲйһ֮ԵȥӦõġ
ǺðɣϸȥҽԺ
ӷ罫֪Ĺ̶ԼڣڡѩֱྩҽԺȥ


92 
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ΪҽȴҪڼȴ˵һ£ڼ֮ˣԷ޵ˣǷ֮ûȥˣΪ֮ĹϵܻܿᵼңʹĲ˸ΣգǾֻˡ
ԺҪģһûµġ
ŮʿԸһڵȴţԸղ˵Ůʿ˵ĳƺԣ˾ྩҽԺԺԿҽ
˵ǲܵģڼԼĸףԼԺҲܹڱֳ֣ΣҲҪӸ˿ΪģֻԼҽԺҽ㹻ġ
·Ϊһµģ
οȻԼҲǳģڵûõģģֻԼͬ£һὫԼĸ׾Ȼġ
·Ϊһ˫ַڰ۵ĿڴʱڿϵĵʱͣĳǱ߿ȥǻڵȴʲôƵġ
ôСѩû
·Ϊ䣬ݵŴ򿪣ͼѩڣһ·Ϊǲʶӵ˳
֣裬үүôˣ
ѩܵ·Ϊ޵ǰʵ
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үүʮ꣬ѩ˿ĻȥԼѧĶ֪ҽ˵ģҲû취ȻϷ
̾˿˵СѩҲȣүү
֪ҽ˵ԼȷǾȲˣɲѻ˵꣬ں˵ڣ׼һµ롣
ڼſڵȫ˿ȥ˵һ֮꣬ǰ˻ΪྩҽѧԺѧڿֲ񣬲Ȼڶ̾ʱôҿ˵
תųӷ磬˵١
ʱ䲻ˣĲϢԽԽ΢֧Ųӡ
ڿû뵽ӷȻҽҪ־
СӣҪ˵㲻ҽԺҽô
˵һµ
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˵꣬ӷֱӽ˼ҡ
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ڲûֱӻش·Ϊ⣬˵Ȼ˵ˣǾû⣬˵Ļ첻Ļϣûܰĵ
ΪʨȻҲϽ֪ӷߣҲӷ绹ܾȺϸء
˶û˵ڵȴš
תǴһ˿˼ſڵߵһŮʵСݣ㿴ǸǲྩҽѧԺĽ𺺽ڣ
Ůһ˵ֳǽ𺺽ڡ
ˣСôһ𣬶ңҽѽΪʲôڻȥˣ
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뵱ʱڹ¶ԺʱԺͲ̫ãӷҲΪԺ壬ȥѧ˵ķЩʲôʪ֮ڵľû⡣
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ȻӷȲˣɱȲˣûķԾȣ򣬳ӷҲͷ
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еҩͲҪ룬ϸڵҲԲµҩǳӷͽҩ֮ϣ뺫ϸڣʹҩںϸڷá
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ӵʱ䣬ҵŴ򿪣ӷ˳뽻øһʿ
˶ųӷ磬ӷֻЦЦ˵Ӻ˾ͻѹˡ
˻һеҽʿǴΪԾѩʵ˵үүΣգ
ӷ˵ΣգĻСʱүүǰˣЩ겡ȫȫתģ˲
·Ϊ޸ҽǲŵĿųӷ磬ѧҽģѧģҽԺǽûӷĻֱں˵˵
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תͷһǸϸѾӰ


93 Ԭֳ
ӣһ¡
ӷ߳ҽԺһŮ˵Լ
ȵʱӷ粢ûȥ⣬ӡһƺӷҲôð
ǣһŮӺƵӷǰһס˳ӷ·ʱӷ翴˿Χʵͬ־ûѽ
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ȻûҲûҴˡӣǾֳһ棬Ǳߵˣҹȥһ°ɡ
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Ϊ˽⿪еԻ󣬳ӷ˵ͷŮ·һɫµϳǰ
Ŵ򿪣ͼӳһˣ˲ûиŮһžһɫװ
ӷ翴˿ˣԼӡУʶѽ
ڼӷЦݣ˵ӣʵððѽ
ǡ
ˣҽһˡҽԬТĿǰְΪྩйֵľֳϴΪһᣬھйһ֮Ե
ӷʱԼץ֣׿ԷͨйֳǲϵйֵľֳྩѧץԼ
ӷú֣ԬֳǸ׿ԷһԼʲô£ѵԼ鷳
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ãȻ㲻鷳ģҾˡ

Ԭֳ˳ӷ磬˵ӣΪϴε飬ʵǹⲻȥԽӳԶٱ㷹Ҳǡ
ڹٳҪ۹·˷Щ˲ܵԼ;Ӱġ
ȻԬֳ֪ӷݣֻǾϴĽЩӡСһӷ磬ϽҽԺӷ𺺽һʹԬֳΪӷͷһ򵥣Ǹ¶ҲʶһЩԼﲻ֮ˣӷΪϴεǨŭԼĻԼɾûˡ
ڴСڹ¶Ժĳӷ˵˾۸ϰյ飬ԬֳȻԼԷӷ統ȻҪúЩһ١

Էû⣬Ҫֳ˽ңеľң˽Ļҿˣǡ
⣬ӷûн˵ȥԬֳҲ
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ӷˣû뵽ЩҲнѽͬʱӷҲǳʲô¶񣬼߾Ͱݣ׾ͲȣԼʶĽǣԬֳ
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ԬֳĳྩһұȽϺľ¥Ϊл¥
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һŮӭЦʵ
Ԭֳ˵ȥ׼õİᣬϰй˵ҽһλҪĿˡ
Ů˿ԬֳԱߵĳӷ磬ĵԬֳֽʶʲôͷĹӸ磬Լϰ
ŮҲϻеľҪĲԹɫʵĲҪȥʡ
һڣڵٿ϶ʮˣȴֻгӷԬֳǸŮ
ӣԵʲôܵ㣬ҪҡǾ
˵ֳˣӦ֪ҵְɣͲýʲôˣҲʲôѽһϰնѡ
Ԭֳϴڳӷ뿪Ͳһ³ӷϣ֪ǹ¶ǽྩѧԬֳҲףЩ鲻ܹ⿴棬кܶ˱ͨȴԻԼҲԬֳΪʲôҪӷԷԭ
̫ǫˣܸĽݴСǳΪѵģȻ򵥣
ӷΣЩѽô˵أ
˼˺Ԭֳʵ֪ӽʲô㣿Ŷҵ˼˵ӴѧҵǴྩȥĳзչ
Ƚӷʸ֮ԬֳӦ䡣
ӷش𣬿ڴֻ
绰ӷ˵裬𣿡
绰Խġ
ӣʲôʱϾ⹫ǶȵĲͷˡ
㲻˵⹫¸¸һŵɣѧУе飬һû뵽ء
ӷں˵ѾüûȥѧУˣֻΪྩЩҪԲ̵ȥ
㾡㵽ɡǸ쵰Ҳǰ˹үүҲҪعˣ˶ء
裬İɣҲʱġ
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Խ˵Ȼ治ó۵ȥܶӵ飬̫ˡ
裬ĺˣֻǸѧʲôµġ
ˣҪഩ·ˣѾתʮĻͷϣĻ˵
쵼쵼ԼĻͷĵֱӾ͸ת˹ʶʣ
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Ҷϵ绰󣬳ӷ˵Ԭֳ˼ĸױȽϷ
µĸ׶һŮˣ󽻴һ䣬ҽһģӱ˵ʧɢʮĶӡ
Ԭֳе㷸ͿˣԼϣӷ粻ǹ¶ôһĸף
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һһԬֳӿ϶ӷͷС
ճ׸մӹĸھǹ⹫¸ա
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Ԭֳ룬˵λմӹĴ⼸ҵ˶ӣһϢҲѾȫֻû֪ǵĶӵ˭Ҳû˼
ѵ˵ǰӷ磬ǵĶûӷ֮ǰǹ¶ͻȻ˸ĸ֮ǰ飬Ԭֳðһ亹
ţ׿Է㶼ЩʲôҸλŮϾҪΪйһŮˣٹ꣬пܾͻǸλӣĶӣɾʵ̫үǸӴƷļ̳ˣλүˣǾԼһҲԼģ


94 Ժյ
Ԭֳ˿̷ǳģȻܰٷ֮ٿ϶ӷݣ˳ܲˡ
Ȧô꣬ò׻쵽һйֵľֳԬֳȻԼйӰ֪ԼҸǱ߸岻һǿѪԼļλүڣԼѾûһжˣҲΪԼжѪʹԼҵһҵ壬ȫй˭ȥ˵ԼҵĲǣ˭ȥԼΪеġ
ʮǰǱߴԼҳŮԽز۵ϢڣԽĶӾȻ֡˹ҲǷʲô飬һǲģǾǣԽĶӣԼΨһжԼүӻﵱԼӿ˭Ҷӷһͷүһŭټй˭ܶס
ңԼŮӾԽȫӵĵһ쵼ԼңȫߴУ˭Խġ
ۿǱ߻ڼһ׳ᵣһʱίϯҲйĹ涨ôóίϯ֮λԽǾԲ½ģֻ
ȫӸ֧֣ԽһôĵλֻҪǶ˽˶ĵҲ˵֮ԼŮֻһӾԽ죬ɾѡ
һôĸֻҪλӣɾͳΪ˵һ׳ĽӰˣݣȨƣòԬֳð亹Ƿ
ڣԬֳȼ֮ҲôҽԺ˳ӷ磬ֻҪٷǰץӷһеȫƵ׿ԷȥƳӷǲԼġ
ȻԬֳǸ׿Էһģֻԭ׿ԷļԼ֮ϣǱ֣ԼòĽȥ
ڲһˣ׿ԷھǷٴĹԼ𣬾뾩ǵǸȦӣ㶷ĹǸɵйĳҡ
Ʋ˺ܿ챻Ա˿̣ԬֳҪĵһ£ΪǸ
ӣⱭȷˣϣдҪϴε·ϡ
˵꣬Ԭֳһڰ׾ֱӸȥԱߵŮе㵣ģԬֳȥҽԺ壬Ϊƽʱľƺȵ̫࣬ҲӦҽٺȾˣû뵽Ÿ뿪ҽԺһ׾˶ǡ
ֳ塭
ԬֳֹסŮЩ˶ԣԼϵСëԶûԼ;ҪԬֳʮ岻кܳ·Ҫߣһӷλ̫ү˹ϵԼδ·ҲͲõˡ
ӷڲ֪ԬֳѾµԼݣҲûжģԼҲǸС֮ˣȻԬֳˣԼᵱ飬ǾԵĺûˡ
ԬֳȻ鶼ѾȥˣǾȥɣҲϡ
ӷƱֻһСڡ
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˵ϴźɫŮװʮޣӱϸ޷ȥ϶͡
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ϰ忴˳ӷ磬֪ģԬֳȻعԼС꣬ȴ˹ǰӦļҵĹӸɡ
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ϰľãԬֳһһھһ׾ƣҺɻʮȵģ
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ڳӷ뿪Ԭֳ˰ѶͷϵĴ󺹣˿
ֳôˣǸӷֻǸѧѣαôͽأ
Ů׻ݣԬֳ˾֪˶ףԬֳĶ̣ҲԬֳһҵλйġ
ݣҲѾˣȦ飬ӦҲѾ˽˰ɣ
׻ݵ˵ͷʵֳѵǸӷ绹ʲôͷ𣿡
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׻ݴ󾪣˵˵Խ׳ºҹһεŮˣĹӣǲǹҵδ̫𣡡
δ̫ӣھ̫ӡҲ˵Լҷ棬۵ĶӣǳҸŵĵһ̳ˣҼ̳˶̫ӵĻϣ˭̫ӡ֣
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׻ɫе԰ףԼղû˵ԳӷԺյݣԼҲᵹùģ


95 ӿ
ӷصҵʱ򣬾ͻһڣФҲ֪ǲǱץȥˣ춼ûӰûд绰ӷ磬Ľ飬ӦǣϷͲ֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
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ӷܵܣǲҽԺõҩȹˣ
һʣóӷ綼ôͨˣԼٽʱžȵˣôô֪ˣ
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ҳϵƵŵǳӷҽԺõҩȺϸọֻ̈̄㵽ǳӷıû㵽ӷ棬ӷóҩҩ˵һĻȴĵķǳ
ңΪôһ£
ӷһµʱѾģԼû뼱ǰ˵еˣԼôû뵽ǸڣƵһǴҽԺģΪҪƵ֮дǶλ
20101115ţྩҽԺһҽһȫµҩｫһ˸Ȼ˹յʱڳҽΪܵˣΧѪ˻жļྩҽԺҽȴһȫµҩｫȻҩֱ֮ЧĿǰྩҽԺûнҽչڼߵǰû˵һʲôҩڴˣ´󵨴ȫйҪྩҽԺܸһӦ˵ҽ˵һʲôҩҲ츣ȫȫࡣ
λӷһԼĶͷ˵鷳ˣ
Ҳüͷ˵ӷܵܣȻ鶼Ѿˣ㵱ʱ˵ĹҲͲصأ㻹ôӦԺ鷳ɣ
ҪƽΪʲôǸԼЦһ鷢չóӷ籾ͺܷˣڻ£
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ιӷܵܣɲѽ鱾һɵģ붪̯ӲҸ㣬ŶûУ
˵ڸô죬Ǹ˶ҪҩǸģҲûǸѽҲ֪ĿǰΪ̫ĵҩϴƳĵҩУҲͼƼģĲվҲ·ʱЩҩ˻Ҹѽ
һ£˵ƵûĵȲҪô㣬ʱҽԺж֪ݣ
ӷһ£˵һڸѧǸǲ˵ģǸѧĸҽԺˣһҵݸ׵ģ
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ǲϻˣҶʰˣǵ绰ϵɣ
˵ӷܵܣ㵱㻹Ǹ¶ǣ޹ңȥľȥѽҲʵ㣬Ƶĸ׸׳Ѿˣ׳֪㣬ĸ׻ϲ𡣡
ѻû˵꣬ӷڴֻ
һʾεΣѿѻ죬õĲ黵ȫˣ
ι裬ô˻ûϢѽӷ绰ʵ
öӣĺöӣθɵƯ
ӷ̾˿ʣԽ⻰һһѾ֪һС
裬ʵֻǸɺϣɺ϶ѣ
ӣ㣬ྩҽԺ˵ĵһʲôҩ
ǡҩԼģ
ﻹж٣
裬ҿҪȰѵҩ˵ˡⵤҩɲͨҩ˵оеģҪҵĴƳģһҵľҿɾ͹ˣ
ӷȻ֪ԽԼжٵҩĿģΪҵ쵼ˣֽΪһŮԼĶһ츣ȫҩЦ
ǣԽһӷ˵ƵҩΣʱ̱ΪһλĸףҲʲô쵼ˣ˵ӣΣյǧҪˡƵϵġ
裬¿ȫˣЩ֪ӣǶ鷳
İɡȲ˵ˣһ׳ڵҿᣬһΪƵϵ飬Ҫð취¸ѹ
Ҷϵ绰󣬻ʵô׳ô˵
˵ǱѹǣྩҽԺǱ߾ͲôˣҪѾˣ
ڴô죿ôȥӦҩЩˣ
֮֮ɣλȥ
ྩҽԺĻڣҽԺ쵼ҽ֮⣬ڸѩҲںϸΪŸոտҪϢԾס˲
Ƶ˭ȥģԼվ
·ΪѾ֪ԣΪƵǷ̳ϵģһСʱѾˣĵ绰ԼҲѯƵ飬ú·ΪΣֻȽֻˣټҽԺȫҽ顣
Ժ·̫ͻȻˣ֮ǰǶûӦܽҵַǳ࣬ҲûװҪҳƵȥ˸̫ܣҽԺһҽ˵
ǴҶ˵˵Ǹô£
ԺҾⲻһǻѽͨƵҽԺ˺üһСʱ֮סҽԺĲҲʮеĲˡŮҽ˵
һǻ£ǾһǺǿɱˣЩҽԺɶΪһصҽԺһҩȥİǸСҳͲҽѽ
ѽи˶ΪӷྩҽԺҽΪҲֻбԺҽܽ뼱Ҿ˵ģ·Ϊ˵ʱڼҾ˵ĸͲԼҽԺˣҽģҲʶʣ˭ţûУûУ
ʱ˶˽ڸѩǸһģһ֪ôҵӷ磬ֻҪҵӷ磬ԼҽԺͿε鷳ˣ
СѩǣСӵסʲôطֻҪҵҽԺûˡѩĸʵ
ɺѩҲֻǵڶμӷѣô֪ӷסʲôط
裬ʵǸҲ죬ѧУҽڵġ
ֿ˽ڣɽȴһɨǰѩĹܱѪ̬ȣеĺ˲裡
ʦ
Ⱥ·Ϊʣ˵Ǳң˵ڰʣΪҲ֪Сӵĵϸ
ڿɲɵӷԼԼ𣿾ԲᣬԾ˵ӷ粻졣
ʲôƢڳ˶֪Ȼ˵ԼôҲ״
ˣҽԺԼҾˣ
ڸ뿪ңһŮʿ˽Ժˣ˺öߣȫΪƵġ֮⣬ҽԺвˣҲҪƵҽ˵ǲĻǾҪҽԺˣ
·ΪҲΣ˵ϱ
Ժûõģߣв˳Ϊһ
Ѿģʲô鷳ඣ
йϷĳУһլڣͬʱŵϵһƵһ˵ǵҩûһǵҩ
ʦϸȥྩҽԺƵϵҽɡ
ɵɣͳΪʸ֮ģ˶ǹڶǣҪǰǸҽġ
ڸô죿ܲʲôɣ磬û֪Ƶҩķˣ
˵ҪõҩһҪ䣬ֻҪʶǸҽΪѣʲô
һ˵ʦ˵ûϸȥྩɡ
йĳڡ
Ůۼһ
ҶƵʲôһŮʵ
ٵģһǼٵģҩѽһ˵
ⲻҩأ
ҩʲô
ҩߵĵҩ
ôܣ˭֪Щɢ޸Ͳҩġ
ʵѾǰˣһ˵кܶ˶ྩˣǱҪϹȥǼ٣ҪԼһ£
ŷĳңĳеһű֮УһɫվһˮײǰˮײһòŮ
櫣ҵķˣģȥҲһҪѹ
һӢ˵꣬ת˵ˡ
ৡ
һɫӰȰ˵ǰ
ʲôԸ
ȥһй
ǣˡ
ĳʢʯ͵ĹңĻ֮УһɫҰ׵߿ŵһڶҵƵ˵ϣˣҵĲϣκˡ
һŮӷڴϵߣ˵ʣģʲôŮһὫƵϵйҽΪġ
ã游һйܶԷʲôȫӦҪҵĻλҲϧֻҪܰҵĲκã
Ůӵ˵ͷοʣŮһὫƵϵйҽġ


96 Ƽʻ
ྩҽԺԺ칫ҡ
·ΪΪķ鷢ڣҲû뿪ҽԺһ뿪Ǹ߲ˣļ߸ˣи˶ڵ
·Ϊ򿪣һԹԣǧѾҽԺŸµģκγҲȻоά򣬵ھҲвԺģҲȫˡ
ҪྩҽԺӰҽ
Ⱥ־Ӹӣڴ󺰴ţ˵ġӰҽǶƵе꣬Ҳǳӷ磬ֻΪƵֻܿӷıԾһһҹȺھ͸ӷλصġҽȡ˸ţΪӰҽӰҽ˼
ҽԺô˽ҽ˿ҩӦùȫ񶼵õıϡ
ʱ˿̣ҲֻܾĿƳ棬ҲѾϱ룬Ͼ飬ɲȴչСһʲô⣬ûܵΡ
·Ϊ̽𣬿ӣû뵽İ취֮ǰԼ޷뿪ҽԺˣֻϣԼŮܾҵӷ磬ֻҪӷһ֣ͿԽҽԺĿǰġΣˣ
·ΪΣ˼ʮ꣬˵Ǽû˵֪ͲҽԺװϼˣⲻǸԼ鷳ˡ
һת·ΪһΪԼİ칫ڣ֪ʲôʱһˣԼİ칫ǰһͷɫľɫ۾ģȻŷϸ͵Ĳװ
㣬ʲôˣôģ
·Ϊ󾪣Լİ칫ʲôʱһˣΪʲôԼһҲ֪
˿ź·ΪЦЦһй˵˵ƵǸҽҽԺģ
⻰һ·ΪˣԭΪ˳ӷġ
λˣƵˣҽԺҽҲˣҽԺҳʲôˣƵҽԺģҹȺڵѹ£һ罫𣡡
˵ȻҽԺҽΪʲôҽԺˣ
һʱҲ֪ô֮͡˲ҽԺģҪǸ˵ĻҲӦõҽԺӦõȥҡ
ȻˣǾͽʱõǼ֧뽻Ұɡ
·Ϊ֣ҪӷùʲôΪ뿪·Ϊ̴ԱߵϽӷù뽻ˡ
ৡ
˸սӹ·ΪݹʱͻȻһӰӴӴڳ˽һĲȫˡ
ⶫӦüзݰɡ
һŮ˳˰칫ڣú·ΪͷԣŮҲ̫˰ɣȻӴֱӳʮ¥ôģѵɲɣ
֧룬֧Ů˶֧
˺ȻͻȻŮˣ˵ԭ¥ô¥ҲԶܵйƵ֮ˣ
͸󣬶ʮң˵ڶɢһصϢӦöͨˣҲ׽뺫·Ϊİ칫ҡ
ڵĺ·ΪѾųһ󺹣ЩʲôѽһһʲôģңǸʲô¥Լɴû˵ϣҲ񲻴һʲô¥ѽ
ҲҪƵϵˣҵĿҲһģǾ͸ƾ°ɡ
ЦãҶõƵ֮ùĶǾͿ˭ҵɡ
˵꣬Ľŵ³һԲͼͼпٵγһֵͼڣУָһת
ǧ̽
ѾڲƵˣҲʲôԼ֧볯һ֧ҲָŷƵġ
˵
˺ͬһʱҵĿ㣬Ҳԣ̴Ӵȥ
·Ϊȴһ˻ӣ죬ڼʶЩ˵еΣԼ˻þ
ҽԺԱߵļ̨ϣ߿Ÿ뿪ҽԺŮһ˵û뵽ĳԱˣ
ʦ֣ǲٵˣǵӣӦƵ˵䣬ϸȥɡ
ţȵ֣βǡ
һϣŮҲҽԺ뿪ˣһŮ˵ˣйɢ޶ˣ
ҵƵˣһҪǵǰ档һ˵
˵ĳԱһַǳرѰȥķƵӦûྩǸȥ˵֮ܵ
ʱӳӷеõҩҲһӷ
ڻңǻ͵ˣڵŻͭ⽻Ҳҳɱֵ䡣
ͭҿɾ㣬ҸˣĻǼеĳԱҲŹġ
ͭðһ亹˵ȲҪżѾҵˡֻ
ֻʲô
ӷڸӵһҪɱĻ»ӲĦ
ӣߣҲǣҲҡֻΪͽֵܱĻǾͱҲ
ȻˣǻͱذɣӷڷҶɽׯ
ǻһ֣Ů˵ߡ
ǣʦ
ͤǻ뿪ˣߵͭǰʵ֣ɱ˳ӷ𣿡
ͭ˵ǻʵǿĿ£Ƕ񡯵ʮĸ֣ӷԵвġ
ϴҲ˵ǻͽܾܸɵӷ磬ɽȴ
ͽͽܣʦʦͤӦ˵ǰ궫ڵǳҾ徵Ĵɱɣ
֣˵̰ǳɱ
ûȻʱû֪̰Ϊʲô˲ҾĴɱȴ˵Ƿ̰˵˻ǻһŭ֮£Ҳûͬ⣬һ֮ɱ˷̰ܲңʱڷ̰ɢޣ߸ߣǶ֣ЩǻǻĶ֣˵һӷ磬ܵеĹǻ
˻ͭĻͤЦ˵ӷ磬èоҲɡ


97 ȫ
ӷڼ˯һ죬飬ԼѾ¶һ룬ֻû롰ڡˡ
ԣûʲôǲܵģȻƵֻܿӷıöãһϳԼǳӷԶţֻҪǳţŲҪһʱ䣬Լò硣
ȻһҲ˵£ϴǶƵȫˣѵĺڿͼٸҲûѽ㽫еƵȫˣѾвǶƵѲܽȫȫĵȫȥһ顣
ڣΨһİ취ֻϣӷ粻Ҫϳźã򣬳ӷ罫ᱻ˺ΧǸ˶ҩӷôȥѽ
¥ӷһڲ裬뷽ԣ
λŮ˭ȥһš
ڼңĽϷҲӻѵĿ֪һУҲ벻ӷȻǸʦ¿ɷˣȫҵǸӰҽȻԼͬסһ£ʹԼһֻҪгӷڣԼصܣֻҪһˡ
ô˭ѽ
Ϸ彫Ŵ򿪣ͼſվһʵŮŮͱϷС꣬ȴӷ
˭ʵŮʵһ£ӷס𣿡
Ҵˣûҵˡ
ϷȻ֪ʵŮʲôˣҲ֪Ŀǰ˵˭ҳӷ磬ΪҩģϷɲɵκ˳ӷס
ǳӷѣҲǽڵѧкҪҳӷ硣
ӷһЦ˵壬ɣʶġ
ӷѾǺѩˣȻҵ˵ȥྩѧྩѧ֪ԼסģФ֮⣬ֻڵȻѧУҲ˵ԼǶһ
ϷҲ˵ʲôȻǳӷʶģԼҲܲѽ
ѩһžͼӷɳϣﻹŮû뵽ӷȻŮסһ𣬺ѩ֪ôΪá
ʲô𣿡
ӷվЦʵ
ѩ˵ӷ磬ҵȷзǳҪ㣬Ϊˡ
㲻˵ˣѾ֪ҵĿˡﲻ㣬Ҳʲô鷳ͲҪˡ
ѩȻҳӷ紦ҽԺǱߵ飬Ҳӷ˵ҽԺǱߵ鷴ѩûʲôϵĸĸǹҲԼѵЩΪҩ˻ܰǳѽ
ѩҲһΣ˵ͰæɣҽԺǱ߶ȺڸΧˣкܶ㣬ٲֵĻǾҪҽԺˣ
ҽԺ˹Ҳؽģ㵣ĸʲôѽ
ѩѧҽģԣҽ߾ҪӵһģʲôʲôΣ˲ΪҪģҲǺϸСͽ̵ѩġ
ӷ磬Ӧ֪кܶಡ֢һȻ;ˣΪʲôһѧ׳أ
ӷЦѩǸˡһҲҽ鲻Ҹģڶϲ鷳鷳ȥ࿴һۡң˵ô򵥡֪˶Ϊһȫµҩûϣа׳ԵͣõʲôһҪȵĴۣүүõġҩԼġӷûк˵һŵҩƣҪԼܶһ˵ʲôȱҪģԼǻԼǵһؼڣ
Ȼ֮ǰӷҲҪҩҲȥѽҲ̫˵㣬ͷ׬ǮԼĵҩ˸һѽ
ǡ
ӷҡҡ֣˵ѩȻֻǵμ棬Ѿ㵱ҵѡΪѣӦòңҵй¶ȥɣ
ѩ̾˿˵Ҫй¶ݣͲһˡðɣȻ㲻վҲƲ㡣ھͻȥҰ֣˵Ҳɣ飬Ҳֻȥˡ
ѩ˵Ҫ뿪ɲתӷ͵һ˵һ¡
ѩͣ½ŲΪӷıע⣬·ǳˡ
ĸȫ˭Ҳ׼ȥ
ѩ׳ӷʲôΪʲôҪԼӦվĻԼҪϻȥԼҲӷԼĸĸء
ѸϷͬʱߵ˳ӷߣϷ˵Ŀ治ѽ
˵ǲѾͷģ
ǣǸٺѩģԶԷʵӦںѩսŵʱǾ͵ˣȵڡ
ǾˣôҵģϷʵ
ڹܲôˣȻѾҵңǲӱܵģֻȥˣǸ
˵꣬ӷҪȥ
ӷܵܣҸһȥɡ˵
ӷһ£Ȼ˵ͷЩһѱԼ˽⣬ڣҲǰ
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İɣڣ˭Ҳ
ѩʵ׷ʲô£
Ϸ彫ѩ˹˵󲻵飬ҲܿġڿʼҵģҽʲôǾʲôȻͻΣա
ӷߵſڣȻ໥һۣӷ֣Ÿ˿
λȻˣαػġȫɡ


98 
ʮӰӱ˷֣ЩڵλӦķͬһˣŮһΪˣŮӦöʮңһΪ߸ˡ
Щ˸һ֣ӷѾоɢĲͬϢû֮ǰӷҲ޷ȫ϶һ·ġ
ǻһ۾ͷˣ˵Ա߸ߣұ
ӷӻȫߣ
ʱеţڼȫˣǵһңԷʵԶԼ֮ϣҪ롣
ӷܵܣڻûǵĿ֮ǰòҪ֣
ӷһЦ˵ֲɵڵΪ˵ķͬʱ֣˵һҶûӦ
ΪĻӷȷӦκһˣϼϷҲֻʤһѣǿƵ֮£ӷɵʲôܾ͸Ǹ
ˣֲǰǸྩҿǰйɣ
ȲЩ˵Ŀ˵ҪҩǾҪˡҩģҲֻܽйˣ
˿̣ͼһվʵСӣϷûĻӦþӰҽɣ
ڡӰҽƺӷ絽ڶ֪߷һʣӷ練ǺͿˣѵǲԼģΪ˵ҩ
˵ʲôҪҽĻӦȥҽԺ
ӷܵܣ˵ǸӰҽˣ
ʲôʱҽˣ
Щ֮˿ƵȡˣʱҽԺ˵ģ֪ߣȻ㵱ҽ
ӷ̾˿ҪѺöȥѧϰܳΪһҽû뵽Լʱ䣬ѾҽˣšӰҽѾѾ޵ģʲô
ȻڿԿ϶ЩΪԼǳӷҲûҪ˵Щеûˡ
ȻҲʲôҽӦҪҵûˣ㣬һǲµġ
ãСӣȻ˵ʶô˻ҳϣϷҲͲתĨˡ
Ϊ˵ҩ
Ҳ߰Ŀ˵ӷԼ͸˵ˣҲˣΪҪǽסҪ֡
Сӣû뵽㻹ͦغģȻ֪ҵǰĿģҲʶһ㣬ҩ˺
һ˵
ģ񡣡
صһ仰ĵ˼ߵͽܣΪʦڸӷ˵ֵĵͽ졣
ЦСӣӾƢȽϱ꣬е֮¡
̬Ǿͺðˣ٣ķһԼ֣Ҳǿһ
˵δ̣
ϷҶ࣬ȦѽϷΪϾƹ
֣Ҫƿ缸Ⱥţ
ӷֹţô˸ԼȡһƵѽ
ڵĻȴûгӷɣ˵Ǭƽɣ
ѽ㣬ʲôƽɣ
ɽеһ֣Ӳ֮£ɽУû뵽ҲѾˣ
νɽָǰջɽ®ɽ㽭㵴ɽΪ̩ɽɽɽɽɽЩɽԹžصߣҲŲͬɣһǰЩɶѾǰ磬Ϊɽ棬ЩûʸɢޱռɽΪγֽļЩȴɣһȺɢۼں֮ڶѣûʲôؿԣʲôʲô
ΪӵһԱȻǰûнӴɽеȴ˽ǵϣҲԱضһγ̡
߻֪ҶΪɽеĸ֣ΪʹõǳϲȾƣԾ͵˸ƽɵšеɢûЩǿģڿɳ֮ΪɡߣҲֻǸ۵Сѣ
ӷ˫ҶϴţɢΪλ龳磬ȴ޷϶һڣɵƾǾ龳磬ӷ;ԲˣԼЩһֵǰҲһĵʲôãΪӷ֪ԼзԷͬҲУ
֪Ϊ˵ҩҵϵõҩĻǿҪʧˡ
Ҷ˵Сӣ㲻ҪᣬϷû֮⣬쵽ֻС㽻ѶѣڵҩҩģԺ˵
Ҷ˵ţŮУһ˵û뵽ϼһȻһףȥǻô֣
ȲҪҶɲǸʲô򵥵ĽɫҲܹ͸СӽѶѡ
ʱҲֻŮû˵Ҳڵȣȶ֣Ϊ֪Լ֮ȶֵĻǾ˵ҩҲ޷ԵȴĿǰõķǼܾ˵ʱԼٶֲгɹİա
СӣϷͣ㽻ѣӦòǸ˰ɣ
Ҷ໰Ѿˣ˵ԼʹݸλΪҲԸӷѡ
ǣӷɲЩйĽӴңҶ˵ĺĿĲΪ˵ҩ
ҽѵģҵȻܾиƢǱĿӽҵĻʵڱǸڿˡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫʶô
һվ˳ɢƿΪҶ֮¡
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˵ӦҶʦܣŭĵϳΪɽ˫ʵҶࡣ
ðɣһһˡ
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С
ʦܣҪ
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СϷ뿴ô㽶Ϸ
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ӷһЦ˵йߣ߸߶ˣ壬һһعҵĹӣٲð취ӦǣǾԲŹҵġ
ӷ绰䣬ͻȻһ޴Ŀӳӷǰ˹ҶŮȫһΪѾоͻĿһǿɵģҲ˵иˡ
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ӷǰһֻҹӰٽ䣬һˣŮˡ
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ͬʱҶһ߶һ֮໥һۣĶҶ˵ʦ˵Ϊøѽ
ҶɫļΪѿû뵽ģȴΪǿģΪԼ֮ϣҲΪ˵ҩǿɾ鷳ˣ
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99 Ʋס
⻨ǻһӷѾо˵ΪҶǼ֮ϣǡ޻꾳磡
ѵɫķǳѿҶϳ˻ǻͬʱҲѾϳ˴ˣû뵽ӥȻҲܹѵҲΪ˵ҩ𣿿ֲ̫ѽ
Ȼ׵챻ǰܣӷڶǰܲɱߵѲ֪ӷҲûи򣬻ͻ뵽ӥġ
ѽ㣬ʲôͷ
ͷǶҵˣųƶӥҲǶڵϵʮĸ֣Եĸ֣
ڵ񣿡
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ӷ֪ǻһԲ򵥣ܵһƶѣ⿴еķӥ֪ġ
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ˣҵʹһƬǾ޷γ󷢣һƬӦÿԿסɣ
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ƽӳԼϷһ͹˳ӷڳӷһԶ˿Ϊ˾ſƬ
һ飬ҵ

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Ѵ󾪣Ǳ˵СɽԼЩҲ֮ء
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ڣʵģһγɵģҲ˵֮ǰǻһһһγɣȴȻǻղһǿǧ򱶣
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100 һŵҩѪ
ڳӷյļʱ˻ǻǾ㻨ǻˣӷҲܡ
ӷص˿̽ſƬջأѾҲ̫ǿ˵ɣһʰѽԺòҪãһˣǾǸͬھĴ򷨣ѽΪҪǣĿǰΪֹӷ綼㲻ſƬôΪʲôǿ˵زƾǷŵ磬Ҳû˿Ƶסأ
ǻ˺һᣬҲͷһؼǿڣӷͿƲס򣬽ĿɾԼˣӷɱģ

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ǣ㲻þſƬӷҲѾ뵽˶ԸǻķҲڸղΪΣһ̲뵽ġ
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һߣǻ￳һֻ֣ȴҵŮ˸ˣѽ

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ҵġ
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ӥޣǱ˸ʬˣҽеĻҲûУ
ϵĳӷ罫еĵҩ˶ЦһŵҩѪֻǣ˵˭ɱأ


101 ͵
ǻ˵ǱҶָɵģκһпܵвǻĸ֣Ҳ˵κһɱǻĹͣһӷΪˡ
Լ֮ǰӦ˭Լɱ˻ǻͰһšڣķ˵Լɱģ
ҲܻǻᵼôĺǱֻȡʲôжôıӷΪҪģǽҶǸ㶨
ӷܵܣðŵﶫҵΣհɱ˻ǻҪ׼ĿŵҩˣЩǲݵģ˵
ӷһЦиƨĿŰɣ
мţֻһŰɣ
һ߿šһţһţپһţҽԺһžˣֻʣˣ
ɣһŸô죿ķļһͷСѽҲԲ׸ɻģ㲻ǵҩǻѽ
ӷ̾˿Լڻû취ҶķѾ˳ӷǰ
СӣҪѾˣڣǲӦð֮ǰ˵ǵҩˣ
ҶϴЦ⣬Ҳɢһ΢΢ľζΪ֮ǰɱǻʱ򣬽ڵľƾ˳
ӷ˵λ˵ĻȻ쵽ڵǣҩø˭أ
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ӷΣԼǿˣ
ðɣҵùֻšȴķˣҲ˵ǶҪ˵ĵҩǾһò˵꣬ӷ罫šҲ˳ɫĵҩѾڳӷˣӷҲӦǣ
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˵꣬Ϊĺ˳ӷǰһóӷ绹涯ģ̽˵һֻһˣҲǸĺˣô
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Щôһϲ¹ѽ˵һһݶܽǵĹңǿɶһһбҪ¹
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Сֵܣ⡭
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ˣЩĹˣҶйˣͱһˣ߰ɣҪؼ˯ˣ
˵ȼҸ˺֮󣬶ݷóֵܡ
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ղǸǻ˵гӷ硣
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ӷһʣ˰˵ǿŰɣߡ⣬Ժû¾ͱˣ¸ңأ
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102 
ӷ綼ڼоǾſصĽƬ֪еЩʲôܣΪʲôǿԹ̶ģſƬΪʲôǿ
ǣܳӷôоһͷûУҲҹڣɽڳ֪ôʹþſƬ֮⣬ľʲô֪ˣ
ӷ統һҶģΪʱΪԳӷ͸ˣ
֮£ӷֻܵ¸µ˱֮ʳˣϾƬڶʮǰõģٻ֪ƬƬ
⣬ǶƵҲѾĸƽ
ۣڴ½ߵҲǳ͸ĸ̣ǮͨĹϵȺڵĵλʩѹȥЩȺڸȻ͸ظңϸȥˡ
ǶƵϾôķӦƾǮȥͨϵĻУӷҲ֪α겻αķȻԼȫԲȥᣬЩȺҲҲԼͷֽԶǰסģһԼòһСعˣǻҽԺ鷳
ڣӷг۷ҩ뷨֮ǰûʵȻ鶼ѾˣǳӷҪⷽµ㹤
ȥȻںܶ⣬Ĳ˵ĸԱӷҲԼȥɣױ¶Լ
˼֮󣬳ӷϿ꣬ڲôʲôԱ̵ֻ֮ҪǾӪĺãͬ׬Ǯġ
죬ӷվվҲǳӷõܾ֡á
վӷĸԱһͣҲǳӷȥƣйѾϰԱģʽǾͽһ°ɣעᵽƷ֮һĲ趼ԱһģֻӷõտͷǻѸԼǼҲǹģҲѾ˼ˣ˲鵽Լͷ
ĿǰӷҲû̫ķҩվʾֵķҩ鹹ģǮҲûϾڻûκε£ֻ̫Լ鷳
ɳӷ벻ǣ첻ԼվѾһڵĵʣȣӷ粢֪ôһ£վտôѽ
ԭһжǻѸģϵվ˵⣬ĸǵ֪ϵҩҲһʱ֪ǳӷ翪ģǣҲ⼸һһڵĵʣҲ˵Ƕࡣ
ϷˣѾĿྩҽԺˣȫܵȥĵҩȥˣЩرʿҲķͷҲûãӷⷨҩޣԣһҲͳһŵҩһͿ˭ãļ۸ߣ˭ܵõҩˡ
ӷܵܣϴοǴӦңҪȥһǵġ
Ľ¥ӷԼӦĽ飬Ϊ⼸챻Ƭվˣӷȥˡ
㣬ĺˣϲȥһȥ
ǺãҾȥˡ⣬㲻˵µҪϾ𣬻ƱҲѾˡ
OKʱ˵ɡ
Ľˣ˵ӷܵܣվѾˣҵû¶ùˣһ֪ͨġ
ѽ㣬ⲻǰѽ
˭㲻յҲأϰȥˣ
ӷ纹һĿǰ˵ӷѾһһţ̵ˣǮأôһûҲ֪Ÿ߷չôˣȽ̵ûŰɣĿǰҲûҩԼ˭Ǯѽ
ӷһ绰پһ¶پĿǰڸЫﶷЫҲѾһֵΪвپǵǿƽ˶ЫЩ̱پǸһң˵ӷһ£ʱЫġ
ܿϧǰ֪ǾȻһȽЫѾвǿˣ֮£ֻܿŶǰں涥š
ЫİסҲɵӣȻǰԼĿĵģҲֱͶǰǱ߻ڼͭȻ̫أΪλŮεĵһĿꡣͭǸôҲûãΪǲ֪εŮȻǳӷĸס
ڵ绰ӷ罻پǷֿ߿پ֩Ы׸׷ӦǰˣֻҪǰ޷Ыĵ̣֮Ыｫͻһྩʧ
ϣӷһ˵㶫ͽӵżĵ绰˵ҪͶһӰһ³ӷңԼһྩһKTV棬óӷȥһ£˳Ҳӷ㱨һڵ
ӷ֪ԼĿǰеĶ׬ǮҲˣżҪͶʵⲿӰҲĺתŵĵһƻֻܳɹʧܡ
ӷȻż۹⣬Լȥ˽һ¾ȽϺá
Ͼŵ㣬ӷһΪˡKTVﲻǾưɣҲ˵꣬ûЩ𺳵֣Ƚʺ̸⡣
ڷԱĴ£ӷһᣬھˣżһҲǳӷŵģҲֻ֪ԼĴϰ塣
ˡ
һǳµĽԱߣӷ¡
ӷʵʱ䲻࣬򵥵ķⲿӰͶʼƻ˵һ¡
ż˵˵ͶʵӰ֮ǰҪ㱨һ¡Ŀǰǹ˾ѾȫȶصǰĺŵĹϡΪǹ˾ĳйϵЩҵҲҸԣྩͷϵļҵͽǣϼŵѾҹҺüˣûõ֮ͬǰûм
壿ʲôˣ
һشǸδѽ
һ˵ʲôأʲôδ
ĸѽ
ŶԭĸףǾͳʱһɣô˵ϴҲңڲ𺦹˾£ҪǿԴӦġ
ż˵ǣˡǣǹ˾ʽĿ
ӷӹżݹʽ𱨱һԹԣʮ֡
̶ʽʽʮô
ǵģΪ˾صĹϵƱҲѾȶ⼸ѾǰĺŵĿȫˡʮֻҵĳ⣬ЩûʵǮһӦûﵽʮϡ
Ҳ˵ʽ𣬹˾ڵĹ̶ʽʮˣ
ǵģ
ٽЩ߰˰˵ǮȥҿڴǮʮڣ
һ˾ĿȻ󣬺οĴҵ
һ˵ڿˣٺ١
ʱ򻹳ô׬ǮĶȴûǮŰӷѾʮڣǳӷǰ붼ġ
µǰӷȻᱩ¶־ϲı飬ʵھ˵˵ͶʵĵӰɣ
ǮȻǺ£ȥ׬ǮĻʮںܿûˣô˵ӷҪҲһպҪչЩʮڶڳӷ˵̫٣˵Ҫڵȥ򣬶Ⱥ˳ʲôѽûôɣ


103 
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ӷʵ˵˵ʲô籾
籾غʱΪǳԣʵʷƫϾ̫ʵĶڶѾ֪ˣʷȥĵĻҲ̫Ȥ籾ģֵµһСѱΪӢ۵Ĺ¡
ż籾ݸӷ˵һ飬ӷñȽϿУʵ˭ݣЩԱ
ڵݷѾˣҪȻõģıǿԳԭҪһ۸
ıǵȷǴݣЩ㰲žͿˣҪˡ⣬ԱأŮ˭
ȻĿǰģӢӵǰϷǡҶʡǡơùϲһŵĻǵⲿӰаŮһţҴڵһԱкţȥ𼦽˵պҵõϢྩҾǹ˾һ棬Ҹľ̸Ůһŵ飬ľ˿Ʒǳӣ˵һᵽ
ӷһ£ЩӰ˽⣬˵ҲãȿܷŮһŰɣеĻͻˡ⣬ˣľҪ󣬶ҪҵֻǸԹ߶ѡ
żȻ׳ӷǲ뱩¶ݣ˵ģ֪ô
ʱ򱻷Ա˿ֻһװٸһɫȹӣһīŮ˽
ٸͨûʲôÿģŮ͵۾˵ɣһ֪ǸǣǽķԱ࿴ŮۣΪϵԱöʲô
С㣬ӭӭѽ
ż˿̱ܲõݣվŮһ֣ǸŮȴǳӣһֱվٸ
ͲҪżλܲóģɱϾŽӰӽĵһƻżɲκε⣬ӲóӷԼûãԽӼš
ŵľżǳ˵û뵽Сô󣬾ȻͼԳ
С˵ﻰġšΪҪҲСС̸ĻǾԵǹ˾ûⲿӰˡ
˵˵ܣĿǰڹڵʵȻģСҲӦˡ
С˵꣬Աһã˵Сţǻȸ̸̸ļƻɡ
û˵ֻ΢΢˵ͷȻֿ˿ڰᱻĳӷһ£ܲöˣˣ˿Ȼż¡
ܣǳлңҳŮһţ̸֮ǰұ˵£ʱʲôҲ𡣡
ӷЦҲ̫֮ѽֻǵСѣҪȽԼһЩ˵
ż˵СʲôҪ󾡹ᡣ
ǺáܣҲ֪ҳʱ䲻ʱ䣬ϲõȥһұ֪ԼʵģŮһŶҶԻкܴѹϣĹУҵľһֱһ𡣡
ȻСʱںСߡ
⣬ҲĴϷϷ㡭
Сģǵľ籾ûЩֻһСӢ۵ĵӰĻս档
ȻҾͰˡ
˵ҪżҲӦˣŮһŻҲʱ
żĿһ۳ӷ磬ӷŲ̫⣬Ϊĵ̫СݳִĽɫǣӷ˺ŵҪ֮ע⡣
˿ȦԶǸɾĵطԴӼǰ¼֮ǵ͸ǿˣȦŮˣΪԼһУżȻҸżҪ󣬾ͼŮ˲һһ˾ܳŮһţǶŮζѽô⻹ûǩԼϰ岻ˬҪء
ӷ΢΢˵ͷ˿̣һҲѾһݺͬ˳ż
С㣬ûˣ㿴һƬ꣬ĻھͿǩԼˡ
ͬһƬȻЩһŮǻҪһʹĺеԾʵܣͬûɣôҵƬôߣ
СģͬԲΪǹ˾ͶʵĵһӰƬ귽ȻͶʷ߳һ㣬ԱԱеĹԱҲͬĴ
СҲǷǳݺͬҲĺͬʲô⣬ΪŵĲżţűѽ͵ƾ㣬˭Ҳǡ
ɵŸҪǩԼʱͻȻֱ˸˿ڵһȴǷԱ꣬Ͷʮ
СţԭҺѽ
ߣСɫʱһ䣬վʵˣôྩ
·ѽ˳ӷʶӦ˵Ǽһ棬ϴФ׵ʱ
ǣλӲϺ𣬸Ф׶ôȥˣôྩ
㣬Ҳ̫˼ˡСŸǹ˾ĺԼûڣھ˾ǩԼǲе㲻ϹѽҵõϢĻǹ˾ɾͿˡ
ðɣϺֹ˾µˣѹλӻƻġ
ӣٸЩ˷ϻȰ˴ߣʣµ
һͬţҲһǷӡ
һµһǰָ˶˵Ѿģʲô⣬ҲԼվ˭ĵϡ
ЦKTVǶĵ̣ڶͷϴ£ǾȻˣҲҷѽ
ѽ뿪죬û뵽ྩͷϾȻð̵ģʶĸӹ򣬱ҪԶྩʧ
ôĿСӣ֪ڸ˭˵𣿡
Ȼ֪ǵĵϸŵ𣬵ôӼҵǻһֹ˾ǾȻҸˣҸ˵Ϳྩ˭ĵ̡
СһĻе㺦ˣ˵ˣСŸĺԼ¸¾͵ˣҲӦ֪СŲԼΪ㣬ҴСʽ㣬͸ǩԼʲôĻȥǰɡ
˵ΪΪǳǾͿĴڡҸ㣬Լǩ˵ģϸһϺȻԸ
һСôţóֻҪǣȴżֹסˣڿ̸⣬ѺڵֱӰѺҲ
Ҳż˵ɳϵĳӷЦǲϺӣô
Ȼӷ翪ˣżһȻǿվķݡ
˸ѿ˵꣬˵ɫʱ䣬˵ô㣡
ΪʲôңӣȰ㻹ǸϿϺȥɣྩǺΣյأǿ˵Ļӿǻϴζĸ󡣡


104 ί
ϴðФѣѾӶӣ£Ӹ޷һӣྩϺҲֻˡ
ɽ첻һӵѸպôӹྩˣ
һԳơӡļһͷȻСˣӷҲûôȫ⣬ӷ粻ţǸקοԳӷڵݣٴĹӣҲûʸ
Ѿϴǰı񣬶һѾ㹻ˣ컹ΪǼҹ˾ٶһӣԼҲûȥˡ
ûǴĻӦǽгӷɣ
ĻὫӷңϴε飬ҲѾ˲һ³ӷĵϸϾˣҪһ˵Ȼڻ¡
ûҾͽгӷ硣ӣҽʲôҶȰϴǰʧеʲôģǾͱûˡ

һЦ˵ôĿСӣྩĵϣӻûκ˷ڹ
˵ӣСֻǸһеĹ¶ѣûҪϻȽСŴ߰ɡ
ǣʲôˣҾ㣬ȻҾҪˡ
ſƷǳӣǰûٲҲû֣ҪȻͲˣһ˶ԣѾֵŮˣԶЩûֵŮ˸⡣
Сţǹ˾ĺԼһ²ŵڣڼ䣬Ҫǹ˾İš˵ЩһֱڶңӦúڵصֽ磬˾ͷŵǿƣϴҵĻҿԱ֤һӰġ
ˣҲŮˣҲΪЩԼġ㣬
ʱĻϴǸŹӣһƥûʲôֱ˳˾ǲһѽ
ʱ˿̣СҲֻźˣ֪йڵֽλģҲҵˣԼҲȦȥˣǣô˵ǺŵľˣСҲܿźű۸£ʵڷǳΪѡ
ס֡
ӷһŭǰһѾץסӵ֣˫¶׹⣬һơ
ҾûϺ
ӷ˹״Ԫ׶Ƕħ
ӱӷһƣֱϣ˶ǽϡ
СӣƱӣӽͷ㡣
֪ߵغĳӷ˹ɲ֣ӷѾһŽߵڵء

һҽУһĻúŵĻץסС֡
żһվСŵǰСʵܣ˿Ϻҵˣ鷳ġ
ż˵С㣬ɷģµġ
żȻ֪ӷݣͷȻĵӷǿıһ仰ͿԽԼӼҸԼһµݣŵܲãྩмˣ
˼ӷߵڵأǰ˵ӷ磬ȻҶ֣֪ʲô𣿡
Ŷһ治֪Ϊʲôƨʲôˡӣܸܲҽһ£
˵ĸ׿ྩеίǣίǵĹҲҴţûꡣ
ӷ绹û뵽ӵĸ׾Ȼྩеίǣǿ׿ԷǸг߳һ
ô˵һίǣǾǵЩ߹٣ҽ˾ʹˣбµľͷ
ίôǲҪλίǸѽ
ŭСӣֱܣҵţͽ־͵д
鷳Ƕ㣬ҿû̫ʱ˺ġ
Ӽʶ˳ӷֺҲԼӦ˵£ֻܵ˹ˡ
ӵ߳˰ᣬһóֻһ绰˵裬ģӱ˸ˡ
Էһ˵ıŭ˵ʲô˾ȻҴҶӡСģϾͰѾ
һKTV裬ϰ̾ӵȫСͦġ
˵绰˵ӣģ챾һ㽫
Ҳɣ˵ӣΪС鷳ĸԹ᲻е̫ˡ
û£ྩС¶첻ˣҲྩȥˡ
ڣ뿪ǰ˺ݻǳ˵ܣ˵ǸѿྩίǵĹӣ˰ˣǻ᲻鷳ѽ
ڲǺڵˣСҲûֻӷͷ̫»ʲô⡣
ӷɳϣ˵õģµġܣ㻹Ȱ칫°ɣҸһȵ㶫
ż˵ͷС˵ǲõģܷʲô£ǹ˾⣬ȻС˾ĺԼ¸¾͵ˣܸܲСǩĺͬСͬĻǹ˾ﺮСȦڷչҲǹ˾Ȧĵһǡ
ż£ղŵ飬ǲٸ˾ˣȻżβᣬŽԼţ˵һǵļ룬ͶʵĵһӰźóɼĻպиԼŵġ
ڣż뺮źļƻӷһںžơ
KTVĴſڣѾͣ˺üһľӾ
⣬һɫİµϳϵӳһ󸾣󸾸һ³ſڵŵ
ӣʲô˰ҪС
Ϊӷһţͨ˵ͦصģڣе㴭
裬ҵ˾档
˶ӽ飬ֶ˵ӣҵĿˣྩ˸ҸԣָҴҶӣһҪ
󸾸˵꣬ͼһ꾯Աǰ˵ˣҪѾˣֻҪһ仰˵ץ˭ץ˭
á̵ģȻĶҲҴϷ̾ӵĴӳȫץ
û⡣ˣȣǸһȥץˣ
һȥҪ˭ôۡӣ·
Щ˸սKTVKTVڵĹԱѾҲѾ֪ͨǵϰ壬˵ڵﵷңѾˣϰһˣⷢʲô¡


105 ̫ү1
Ųûڶʱ֮ڸĹ˾ǩԼΪǸܼǶˣϺϷѧԺҵͼֹ˾׵ȥĽ𼦽˵ֻʱ䣬һУò˵һֹ˾͵ġΪǸСϰĹϵҲû뿪ֹ˾
ڣѾԼƵһҵྩˣٲΪԼǰ;㣬ǹҲ޷ֽ㣬˻þֶɱԼʱ˵ǽϷӸĻᶼûˡ
ȻżԼţȻһھʹӦ
С㣬ǳܼţԺʲôֱңҲС
żָǸȻǳӷ磬Ǻһ
һڵȵżᵽԼˣΪӷڳĻȥŮڨˡ
С㣬ҵżû뵽лͬһҹ˾Ժ¾ܷԸһҺһһκεƴǣΪҪǣſɲϺ˾ôûȡ
һ⻰˵ĺŸľеżһʱ˹
ŮǷ˲żüõţҲǶŵĻϰ֮⣬˭Ҳȥע⡣
ЦǾͶлˡˣҶ֪λŵأҲװɡ
ܸżΪܲõģŵȻףɿӷһͶڶʮңȺŻС꣬ô;ܸܲó̸⣬ҲǺŴүɣǳӷ磬ղ֪ྩίǵĶӻûһĿͷ϶С
ż˵ǸղСӸֵģҶʽС㡢Сһˡһǹ˾²ŵܣԺҲڹ˾ĻСʱҺһҲǹ˾ĸ߲Ա
˶٣ż֪ôܳӷʱӷԼ˵𣺡ҾͲýˣҲŵˣֻ͵ģû뵽ȴ
ŸǿЦһ£һϺֹ˾ٶңһྩίǵĹӣӷȴˣʲôͷ
顣
ʱ򣬰ű˸˿ûֱ߿ģƿģɼ߲ѽ
żתͷȥͼü˽ھĲǱˣǸղűӷӸӣһ󸾣һŭһʹʵ˭Ҷӣϸ
ȴøûʲôνĽ⣬Уָľˡ
̾ӵķӳʵ˵λԼվɣȫǻؾ˵
ãһףӷ̹ѽ
ȺѾģϴԩҵǾֳԵǸԸû꣬û뵽ǾȻ鷳ⲻûҳ
ӳҵ˾Сӡ
һָɳϺźƵĳӷ磬ɳӷǲҲæͽЩ쵱˿
ӲСྩû˸ҶҶӡӳȫȥǴҶӵСӣҪε
żʱվ˵ŵܲżղŵֻǸᣬλӳҪԩ˺ˣ̻Щӵܡ
Сӣ˵˭ӵܡ
̵ģ˵ľ㣬Сû򹻰ɣŲٸѾļȭ
гӷڳһô£Ҫ֪ӷͤĸҴǻóӷûۣίǣȵϻͤļţô
ӳһȻԼЩǰţ˵Сӣһ˰ɡ⣬ǼҲһʲôܲã˵ǾˣҪǰǵݲ֪ڻʲôء

ͻأӷһЦվ˵ӹȻӣ˵ķһġ˵λӳʲôʱܻһ˵ưЧʻϺܶࡣ
ӳתͷȥҪ˵ӷȻһ˵ô㣿
ӳʶСӣʵ
ӳڻ治֪˵ʲôˣӲܸղһ˵˾ʹˣϾǼӷģϴǰѳӷץȥ˼Ҵҡڵˣ׿ԷǶΣû뵽£ָӷйء
ΪʲôңѾľҴģôǲǸϴһǴԼȥˡ
ӳһ£ǰʱΪץӷǾ˺ü˵оѱߵڣӷĿίǵĹӣྩеһ֣˵ˡԼӳҪҪˡ
ǵίǿֱӿԼӷʶЩҲҵ˶ţԼֻҪ˴ȥӾͺˡ
뵽Щ֮󣬷ӳ˵ӷ磬Ϊʶ˾ྩߣѵҹķΪһ˶𣿽ҲʲôȸǻȥѴ˵˵ɡ
ӳ㻹С˵ʲôϻӳ벻ˡŭ
ˣֻͰ˴ߡ
ŸڷˣоҲ˺ܶ࣬˲
ðǾ͸һˣҵ뿴ƾһίǵĶӣܷ첻ɡ
ӷҪӳߣɲЩתſһŮ˵˵ӳʲô˼ΪʲôҵĵץˣҵĿ˷ʲô
ӳһ߽ŮˣǶʶ
Σô⣿
ӳеԾΪ֪Ů˽׻ݣҲǾ죬ȻԬֳ飬˭֪Ԭֳˡ׻ʱûע⵽ӷ磬ߵ˷ӳǰЦˣû뵽Ҳѽ
ҵ˭أԭԼˡ
ðɣǶԼˣǾͿһףרô
ˣʵڲ˼ΪKTVҿģ֪ʲôطˣȻ̾Ӷйˣ
ΪҵĹԱǲܾӪЩֳģ׻ƽҲܹȻ˰ɽУྩе̾Ӷˣкܶţ׻֪һǳʲô£ֻû뵽ǵķйء
ӳƺ׻ΪΣΪйֵİ칫ҵһСһְҲԬֳаŵġ
Լ˵ǰ׻ҲҪʲôKTVԼģ黹Ѱˣô˶ҲԼһӵģϾྩ̧ͷͷ
Сף㿪Ǿ͸ðˡģҶ棬Ȼ˸ˣ÷ӳֱӴ˵ģɼȻϰ壬˵˵ôɣ
ʲô˸Ҷӣĸ۵ģ
Σ˵ľСӡ
ʱ˵ˣʶ׻ݣҲǸŷӳôеģ˲ֲôĵ̡
׻תȥ뷢ŭѾľȻҵĵǵĹӣⲻǸ鷳һ鼮Լ껹ҪҪˡ
׻һ˫۾Ķ˳ӷϣ˿һǰǵģû룬׻Ƿŭıڼӷ̾ͷ˸ı䣬ΪһĳԾ£
ӣôôѽ
ӷҲû뵽׻ݻϰ壬ϴԬֳԼԷʱڳģȻʶˣͺðˡ
׾ǰɣ
ΪϴԬֳûн׻ݣӷҲǸղŴӷӳĿ֪ʲôġ
ӽС׾ͺˡӣ鵽ôһѽ
ӷЦЦ֮ǰ˵һ飬û뵽׻һ䣬תԷӳ˵ϷҿֻǸᣬ㻹ǰȫ߰ɡ
ӳһ㶣׻ݷѵӷ磬ȥί
Ȼӳ֪ӷݣ֪ĻһٸӣҲҴץӷѽ
׻ݲͬϴѾԬֳĿе֪˳ӷݣΪ׿Է飬ûԬֳ̨㻹ӷԣⲻֱӸԬֳŴն𣬳ӷλ̫үȺѾĵ
׻ݣʲô˼Ҷӱ˴㲻ץҲˣзӳߣҰѻ˵
׻̾˿ӷʱ˸ˣ׻Ҳ°ӷˣȫôܰͽ̫үȥMAίǡ
ˣȻûղŵľԵ˵ұ鷳ģɱǵķ˾ͱˡ
㣬㡭
׻ݣʲôݣȻ˵
ұ죬Ǹʲô˭֪ƽϲˣǶһֻۣһֻۣɽ죬Ҵˣ㲻㸸鷳ˣҲʵ㣬ӿɲ㸸Ǹίǵء
ӳͿˣû뵽׻ݻΪһӷ˷˵ĻɷӳҲɵ֪׻ԬֳˣԬֳԲԬֳ鷳ģʲô¶ڰԬֳѵӷʲôͷȻ׻ݲܻġ
׻˵ӳ㻹ôѵҪ绰ֳ
ˣߣ鷳δһ°ɡ
ǼӳѾеľˣ׻ҲǺ˵ˣѾ˵ˡ
һת׻ݶԳӷ˵ӣôҪҪҽмʦ
ӷ룬ϴθԬֳǶٷû׳ԣٽ첻鷳ˡ
ʦˣҲ󣬽ǹɡ
׻ݵ˵ͷ˵ˣûУӴдǼƽϣǻ
㣬㡭׻ݣ֣»û꣬ΪԬТͺ˲ˣҵ뿴ྩһֳ󣬻ίǴСߣ齻ִ
ʱҲû취ݺ˵Сӣҵţ첻㶨㣬Ҿ͸ա
ҿûôһӣɡ
ĸӺݺݵ˳ӷһۣȴڳӷĺš
һ¡
ӷ˵Ҹһʱ䣬ྩԺС֮һرᣬȻԸ
ʱ򲻻ӷŸɣһҲɲӷѽֻ˵ơ
뿪׻ݶû˵ӣʵڲ˼֪͹ˣҲͲᷢղŵˡ
׾ٿˣ˶Ե˱Ƚϲ̣ҳӷѣԿġıҺ⣬ȥԬֳԺྩ˵㡣
׻ݴϲ̫ү仰ѵԼûǰ;¿ɷˡ
׻ݸ˳ӷ磬˰зã֮󣬳ӷҲ֮ǰˣŵ飬ͽżһ
ܣǸӷ絽ʲôѽѽʵ
żЦЦһĪ̬֮˵һ󲻵С㣬С㣬˲̫ϲԽ飬Ҳ͵ûɡ
ƳӻǱȽϺõģҲǸղŸ׻ѧġ
һ˼ӣ治֪Ժ󻹻ᷢʲô£


106 ̫ү2
йֳ칫ڣ׻ݽϵԬֳ˵һ飬ȵʱԬֳɫеѣ׻ݸԼô꣬ôͲ֪أίԼܵǲڸԼ鷳
ɵӷйغԬֳıת䣬ӷ׻˵һ仰ʱԬֳ˷ܲԡ
СݣķǳáʲôίǵģֻҪ̫үͲԺûλĻᡣ
ֳ˵ĿǰྩҲ֪ӵݣڲ֪֮£һʦģһпֱܻӵӣ㿴Ǹô
Ԭֳһ£˵Ǹ׿Էǲͬô˵ЩҲң˵˼ûĻҲֳλӡȻΪ˳Ӳ˷ǱһҪкģɱ鷢չ޷ȵĵزǾҽӵݸǣҲѾ̫ˡ
Ԭֳ˵ֻ꣬
һʾԬֳ̽
ԬТȲƽϣϸҴ˵ྩƵ⻹ûˣڹ컯֮¾ȻҶִˡ
绰ȻྩίǣԬֳʱǵĻԬֳ󾪣ʵǣ׷ʲô£
㻹ҷʲô£첻ǸŮˣҲͲᷢˡٸ˵ϻԴ˵ྩƵȻҿɾҪˡ
ǣǧ𼱣ܷʲô£Ҫţ鲻ô򵥣ھ͸Ϲ
˵绰׻ʵֳʲô£
Ҳ֪ʲô£ǵĿӦòС
ˣ
Сݣôˣ
˵һ֮ӵѹྩѵ
Ԭֳ󾪣Ȼ߳칫ȥ˵ô˵¿Ҫˡ
ྩƵ꣬һǼľƵ꣬ҲҵĲҵ
ھƵĴڣӷһֻŲ˵ϣɣڵǵصģѡ
ӣѾˣҺС㣬һ֮ڸҹྩǲǾͲҪҳˡ
顣
䣬ӷһŽԱһߣһѾǱףû˿˵ˡ
ڴڳ˳ӷӷͷ֮⣬кüˣŸҲڳһҲ͸˹żûг֣Ͼŵܲã֣ͽкһˡ
⣬ĸҲһʮˣҧгݵĿŸմ˵ĳӷŭСӣ㻹޷ˣҵǰȻҴҵĿˡ
ӷЦһʵǰɣ
Ȼ֪˭ǰ
ٸҰʲôҲгҲãҲգҲӸʲôϵȻҰҵĻǾҪۡ
ӷ磬㡭
ѾͲסˣղŲǱţͳȥӷƴˡ
ڣѾӷûһ˸ǰȰܵģȻٳĬȥ
˭
ӷƶǰͲѻ˵žһϡ
·ӲҪѡ·Ҵ鷳Ƥɡ
㣬Ҵҡ
Ѿģľ㡣
һʱһŽߵڵأӷ˵һ򡣡
ǡ
ס֣ס֡СӣһҪǹ㡭
˿̣ԬֳϵڵԬֳ̾˿ԼˣƳӷҲѾˣǸӾҪ̧ϺģҲòȥ
ǣ⣬⵽ô£
ԬТҲˣСӾȻҵҵ潫ҶӴԼŰɡ
ûأҲѾһ£˱ԼĶӣŭԬТϸҰץȫǹˡ
ԬֳԳӷ˵ӣ¡
ԬֳԼŰɣҡ
ԬТʲô˼ǲСӣ
Ԭֳһߣ˵ǣҿûǴ»СС»˰ɣҪȥˣ
˵ʲôԬТҲСʲôϵҶӣ¾ûꡣ㲻ܵĻʡ
ԬֳɲȻίǿɾ͸ɲȥˣ
ǣ˵ӵͷɲСѽܵء
ҲСʲôͷһ£ҶӲ˵Ǹ¶ʲôͷΪʲôӣ
ίǣȻַǳԬֳĵϸǲװ˵ģһԼǰ
ǣҵĹϵҲˡǰʱû˵׳ҵʧɢʮĶ֮£
׳˵ĸ׳
Խ׳λεŮ
һԬֳĻʱһ㶣תͷһ۳ӷ磬ȻʵԬТɲҪңСӾǡ
Ԭֳ˵ͷ˵û׳ʧɢʮĶӣ
ܣôܣ˵Сǡճǡ
ǣˣѾˣСҲ˷ִǣλӿǹҵ̫үǳҵļ̳ˣٸȥǺôŲ˵Ҹɡ
ǵɫʮѿʱȴΪԼĸ׸ԬֳôԸӷ磬ŵˡ
СӣҸƴˡ
ס֡
ǿɲɵӣҲΪԬֳƭԼ飬ԬֳҲû˵ѽ
֣Сӡ
ž
ûĵǾȻԼһ⣬һ֮ǰӷᡣ
ôԼˡ˴е
Сӣ֪鷳ǣϸҹȥ
֣ҡ
죬û˵ķݡ
ǰдһѣߵӷǰ˵ӣҶӲԣϣдҪƽˣĳǸˡ
֮ǰһίǵô˵ͱˣ
Ÿ໥һۣ˶֪⵽ô£ʱҲ˵ʲô
ӷ˵ǣղŲ˵Ҫǹ𣿡
ңңղŲ֪ӵݣеĵطӲҪȥ
Ŷ֪ҵݣ
ӷҲˣĿǰ֪ԼݵҲͻǼô֪ģԿ϶ǣһԬֳģԬֳô֪أ
ԳӵݴҶңĶӶ˳ӽѵҲĸ¡
ˣȻѾˣԼŰɡȥý̵һĺöӣǿŻڼҲĸ鷳ĻͱҸˡ
ӷ⻰һҲǳ̫үݣֳңԬֳʱϵȻԼ¿ˡ
лӴͽСӴȥúý
תķ˵㻹ʲôСӴȥ
ȻҲ֪ԼϹίǵݣǲһ˿ģһԼĶ֮ˡȻϹ̬ȷôת䣬ɼӷıһǿԼϹη塣
ʲôˣΪʲô㡭
ʲôҪ˵ˣСܱסһˣڻ˼ҳӼǳأ
ӣĸӣ
ŵǸңԽ׳Ĺӣ
Խ죿λԽ죿
ǵ˵ͷû˵Ԭֳкһ뿪ˡ
Ǹһ䣬ǵ鷳ҲˣԬֳΪ£ͽ˳ӷ硣
ӣûķԸҲˡ
Ԭֳ鷳˰λͽҽԺɡ
ãû⡣
ţϾ֮󣬻ĸǰ˵ûģĸװ㰲ŵһʲôλãǻҪ
лӣҲʲôֻҪǰԼͿˡ
ȻԬֳѾ֪ԼݣǳӷҲͲҪˡ
֮󣬳ӷ罻һºһúðźŵһг̱뿪˾Ƶꡣ


107 Ǯһ׬
ϰ˵㣬ӷǡǰŸսţָһͷñϴ۾Ůˣɳӷȴûȥ⣬ֱ˰̨ǰ
С˧磬أ
һɫСȹӵӷˣϰԵҪò
سӷûСѾͷǣʱѾ׼һݡ񡭡͸
СѾͷôϲ𣿡
ŸС죬ǲˬĽ޷˰̨ڣ˵˵С˧磬Ҳ̫˵ɣô˵ҲҪ߱ʱ֮ĸ߼ܳѽ
ӷѽѾͷС˵ԼɣҲŶ󣬻Ҫʱݣӷ͸㣬ྩ֪һҪӶ𳵻ء
ٳһ㣬һһʱݡ
Ǻãǿ˵ˣٳһ꣬ҪұʱݣҪ泵ɲŶ
û⡣
ӷһӦ;ˣʵСѾͷ㼸գ
ˣĸҰɡ
ӷһ
ӷܵܣôѽЩһѾȵ㲻ͷˡ
ĽӰ̨߳ͼӷ类ˣ̲סЦ
ʵ˭ûƹ㲻ˣ㿴˼ӣձһ٣ɽǺƾأ
ôȫһɫѽѽأ
˵ڰ㴦վûʱ
ǵʲôǧ
ӷܵܣĺˣзִġ
˰ɣЩһ»зִĻͰˣ
ֵܣˣȹаɡ
ǬɽҪڹʱȫ˹
ɽʵֵܣѣ
ӷȫһӿ˹ȥŵģӷ֮ǸŮˡ
ǿ˵ǲдʶ֮ͣͨ˵ģԣǸŮ˾Բ֮ˡ
ӷ֪̾ʲôһˣ
ֵܣôͦģļǬʵ
һ˵ģʲô˼ҺŴǶʶ
Ѿͷ˵ǸŮǡ
ǬԳӷĴָ˵ֵܣģʲôʱУ
ңҸͲʶֻǽһ˶ѡ
Щͨ飬еûʲôȤҲʡ
ӷ˶ڣ˵λҽеһ¡
ڹ˵ֵ¾ܿڣҶԼˡ
˵ʵڵģڳӷ˶ԣǬȺ˿ɱȻöˣǲᵽȥԼ飬ǵãĿǰ֪Լ֮˿ɲ١Ȼ˵ǻѵĻӷҲܸĸϣҲ˰ɡ
һȺȫѵӰᵽ˰̨ǰ￪ƵģûȥдǸĺţҲûнκκȵĶ
ӷǱĿĵģȻﶼˬˣӷҲͲϻˡ
ڹ磬һ²֪ʲʣ
ʣʣԼ
ʵأ֪֮⣬˶ûйǿʲôΪģ
ûһ˻ش𣬺ڹǶһǳʧӣǻشǶЩֺеļһÿ¿ѵġ
Ҫ˵
ĽǸǳµŮˣȻȺڲͬˣȴ֪ܺڹôڲͬҲˣֻҪǸ˾ĵģǵ⵼ʲô˳ĻҲ῿Ľѽ
ΪʲôӣѽƼǽӦòʲô°ɡ
ǬЦ˰ɣӿǼɲӣЩһ֯޼ɵģǷŵȥ׼һ¾ͻᱻ
ӣǬǲûҪڹǷŽӣһҲûмǿӵֻڹǶɢˣܲ˲еĹơӷҲţѸϷ岻ΪĹϵҲӵġ
ֵܣǲ빤ֻΪܶԭ򣬵ÿһݹã֮£ֻϹˡڹ̾
ӷ˵Ұҷݹأ
ֵܣĺˣֻ¸鷳Щˡ
ڹ磬ȲҪžܾҰѻ˵ꡣ
˶٣ӷ˵ʵ뿪һұڹ˾ڹ˼룬ÿһ˵еĹһٸͨıڡ
ڣֵܣ˵һʽģＦʵ
ûʽֻܳǮԼȥӪôĹУҲǣǿȥⱣЩˣҲڹڱЩ쵼ˣӿԱҵܡȻʲôʱȤˣҲԽӱǵĹЩǵ⡣
ʵֵܣһɣȻÿһ˶ȥЩͨˣûиΧĹҽĻǹ˾Ǻ׬ǮġңҲѽʲôˣʲô۸Ҳ֪ģ
˵ûЩ˵Ĺ鱾٣ֲ⣬ҹ˾ԼȥӪĻǸֱӰǮʲô
ǣӷĿĲΪ׬ǮҪұڹ˾֪ȣֻҪ֪ȳˣڱˣѵԺûǮ׬ΪҪǣӷȥҲſȥģ֮׬
⣬ϲÿһ˸һʼ׬ǮģӷֻҪڹ֣о֮ͨҲͲԼˣô׬׬٣ǻһһľġ
NONONOһġ
Ǭ˳ӷĻ˵ǹҵıڹ˾Ȼ࣬ȴûҡԹ߸߿һұڹ˾ĻֻҪˣǳƱѴѵĽѽ
ӷЦЦ˵ʵѾˣһұڹ˾ǿһ꣬Ҳ˺ܶǮϾұڹ˾Ŀ֧СҪκװģλҪЩͨװƸ߳λͬĻҿԳһΪǮ֮һһǮҪ׬ȫˣӵڶ׬Ǯֻʮ֮ʮ֮ǵġ
ˣĻ⣬ɳӷ뿪ұڹ˾һζ׬ǮСǮŸûȣӷҪĿֻ齨һԼΪԼ
˶ĵ֯ټұڹ˾ĵ֯Ǳ߲Դͷ̵ֻ꣬Ҫķһ󣬳ӷ绹ֵңʱ˭Լ鷳ͲҪԼ棬һܽԷˣ
ڹһ˵Ȼֵ壬ǻʲô˵ģҺڹһӦ
ҲӦＦ˵
ҡ
һ
ʮˣȫӦˣ鲢ӷô򵥡
ֵܣǮ׬飬ǲҲһѽҳһǧСɶɡ
ǬһЦ
ɽҲ˵ҲһǧҲСɶֵܲɡ
ӷһЦ˵˵λǵûҪһЩɡ
ֵܣٸһףΪǲ֪ݣλ̫үܸɵ飬ȻҲˡ
Ǹ˵İɣ
Ľͷ̧죬˵ʲô֪׬ǮҲûȤԼȥɣˣǽҪȥˣһ
ӷΣǽѲѽԼôʶ⼸Ůأ
ȻǬɽ˿ڣӷҲ÷ԡң򵥣رǬȻӷ绹֪ҵȨƣû佱ģԲһļ塣
ȻλôȤǾǮһ׬ɡ
ɽ˵˾齻ңͿԿҵˣ
ҵĲҪҸ칫ĵطȻѣɽڹŹЩ⣬ԣ⹫˾ͿԸ㶨
ˣǵĹ˾ʲô֣ڹʵ
ӷһ£ǾҲȡְɣ˵ͽеڹ˾ɣʾ֮˶㣬˿Σա
Ǻãʵ˾Ӫҵ죬ʽҵ


108 Ը
ӷСʱǬűڹ˾Ӫҵ죬ڻֶͨȺڵ֪ڵ飬ȫǬɽ𣬳ӷֻҪʽҵ쵽Ϳˡ
ȻڳӷӦһڣҪˣ򣬵ǬɽǵǮ˾Ŷˡ
߳ѾʮһˣΪʱĹϵӷ˽һ¶ǱߵڳӷȴһβͣӷܲܽβҲȥپЩڵɡ
˵С㣬㶼ôˣʲô
뿪ྩƵʱžһֱųӷ磬ܳӷ絽͵ģڶ賿ˣӷ治֪ĿĺΪ
żӷͣ˽ŲתԼ˵ʱҲѾߵ˳ӷǰе͵ңʵʵ
С㣬ǵǸ鷳ĻǶģѾ˽ͻϺȥˣҪҽԺɺüµʱ䣬ˡ
΢΢ĵͷѾǷ۾˵ллˣңܸ𣿡
Ųܻ֪ӷŵĴϰ壬żһҲûǸ˵
ңǸӷǳСŮˣڼʶ˳ӷ˵ֶκôҸӷѣǲе㲻ˣ
С㣬ΪʲôҪѣ
ΪΪаȫС
ŵĻóӷеͿ
ȫУںſô˲аȫУǺܻ֣ܵǲȨƵˣ
Ȼӷ粢֪ʵŮҪİȫзǳ򵥣һܱǵˣӷǡǡ㡣
С㣬ˡʵҲǰ㣬ΪʶżǸӵΪŶֵġ͸ˣǸûҵȰ棬һ֮û뿪ྩҲŻᶯֵģҵıɲǰ㡣
˵ң֪
Ȼ֪㻹Ҫѣο˽ѵͲҰˣ
Ҳ˽㣬Ҳ֪ʲôˡЩҪҪǣҾаȫУӦò˵ġңҲֵ˼Ǯѽ
ã˵˵û˵
ӷʵڲٸԼʲô鷳ˣȦҲе֮ͶʵĵӰһӳһǧӷ绹ŲɵġһĿһ𣬱Щ֪ˣǵı»ôд㣬еӵĶĵ
С㣬ʱҲˣ㻹ǿؾƵȥɣҹ·ȫҲʺ㡣
ӷ粻ںŵ˷̫ʱ䣬תҪˡ
ʵʵѡ
һ仰ǳ򵥵һ仰óӷûˤ
˵ʲô
ңѣΪҪһܱҵˡ
ڵôô֣ռ棬ʶҪѣǲе̫Ϸ绯ˣǣŻûǰĵĵӰ߳
С㣬Цˣҿûʱġ
ǰסӷ磬˵˵ģҵȷҪһ˵ıֻǰûܱҵˣȻڱˣҾͲġ
ӷεĿЦһ£˵ҲʲôΣѽ˵ˣѾŵˣ£Ȼ
ⲻһȻǸҪߵˡӷ磬ղŲ˵Ҳ˽ʵҲ˽ңҲΪǸ˼ҶᰮңôھͿ˽ҡ
һŮˣŮӷ治ֱӽƿ
˾վ·ߣڵ˸Ѿˣһ¡
ʵҵЩȫ鹹ģҲǳһͨͥĸְֻͨûһܰļͥ
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Ǹ˽Ů
ŵ仰óӷ㶣ʵ˽Ůĸĸʲôģ
ĸϺҵıķں˶ʮˣҵĸףǺҳӣĸ׷˹ϵңΪĸ׵ݣҵ˲ͬţҽҸȢһŮˡʱҵ˱ĸ׽Ҵĸײģ˺ң꣬ҵҵҸĸףĸŮܻǺҵǾͽĸŮԼū˼УҶǣܸĸŮҵĹϵǾͻĸײ⼸Ȼ湤Ҳºҵ˺ĸףԲҽҵ˵֪ҲһͰ鹹һٵ
˺ŵ֮󣬳ӷףΪʲôŮ˻˵СˣԭСͱвţ
˵ʵڵģű濴Ʒ⣬ʵֻһŮ˰ˣ
ϺʲôģӷʱѾ֮ͬģҲ֪ŸղΪʲô˵Լаȫˡ
һμ壬ҵļҲҵǸүүιȫЭϯȻѾˣɺҵԱȫϺ߾ǵְȨǳӴ󡣡
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ǣӷ粻ɵĵ˵Ҫܼ򵥣ֱһ绰򵽾ȥѺҵ˾ˣĻ̫ɣӷҲɵˣ
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ĸף˵С㣬㲻ڿЦɣǸүүǵιȫЭϯģʲôѽ
ҲǸ˼ֻҸҪ̫ǿֻҪĶҾͿˣҲϡţֻһ㣬ԺܰӺҽӳ
ӷúŴĳЩ˵ԼеֻԼöѣԼĸײֲεˣԼĸҲ㹻ǿơţȷǳ
ӷһԲʵԸ𣿡
˹ϵ²˵˵ܳɵģҿԴӦ㣬ڿʼû˿۸ˣĸŮ֮飬ʱˣٰڲˣؾƵɣҵֻ룬Դң
ӷԼֻ˺ţȻһ⳵ͺŻؾƵȥ


109 
ǸЫĴսѾ𽥽˰Ȼ׸׷꽫ǰ˸Ʋʮ죬ЫͶסˡ
ͻؾƵ󣬳ӷ˶ܲҲѾװһ飬еĸо
ڶӷûԹҲѾ뵽Ҳ֤ӷûѡˣپĸǶһĴ󽫣Լǵ߱񹦷ЩͨˣĵֵסǵĽ
ţķǳãЫһսϵྩڵϴƣҲǰʽս飬ڽʮ죬ҪСģһߴһǶԷͻһ
ģһеļƻĸѾˣκδġ
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ĿǰǻҪҪ
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Ȼûȱʽ˵ЫһսպǰһսɣǶҪǰͻʵ̫٣Ҿͽаϵһǵḷ̌ͨϵ򵽴ľǡ
Էļ۸ܸ𣿡
հ˵ΪǶһµİɣǵһθǱ⣬ڼ۸ȻҪҸһ㣬ǿԽܵġ
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׵̬ȸپһҲԸˣ׵ĻҲᣬ˵ǧȻһɱأ

ӷһЦ˵ѹҴңԭЩֶ˵ãͷҪǸǿɣ
ӷ˵֪ĻһԡҰѳ˵ǰ棬ģȴٹܶ飬һҹˣǾԲҵĵκεĻ·
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ӷ˵Ҳ̣Ȼϴ˿ֻҪǵĻǿպǵĺ᲻ϵġ
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110 Ҫ
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111 ۿ˵1
ڹ˾ѾӪҵˣɽѾͨĹϵеȫȫˣʽҲѾȫλ죬ǵڹ˾ʽҵӡ
ŵྩڽһҵſھۼһȺˣгǵ֮⣬ѸϷһӵϢҲ̸˹Ҳûȥϡ
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112 ۿ˵2
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ȻҪӷ֡ײ׸ϳԼ߷ΧӽԼŮ취ֻһǾǽͽ
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Ҳ˵ѽФ㻹ȴ߰ɣȻǿɾȲ
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ˣϸһȥ
ң첻Сͽǲݵġ
ӷţǹۿ˵ĵҲԼˬô˵ФҲԼѣɮ濴棬ٲˬӷҲ̫ˣ
Фˣǹ˾ŵĻҷǳӭµģ˼ﲻӭ㣬뿪
ӷ磬Ϊʶ˾浱ԼǸˣƾʲôߣ
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Ǭôһ˵ɫͻ䣬ţӷȻĴϰ壬һ¶ôǮ˾ѽ
ԬֳҪһզƭ
Ԭֳ˵ФˣɲҸģҿ㻹ȸФȥɣȥûκεĺô
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ðɣĸŮһԬֳҲ̫ˣȻФǳӷѣǳӷӦûῴФԭ֪
Ѿͷ㷴㣬ȻҰһƭӸĸԣ㡭
Фˣڿ˵ӷƭӣҪƭһ£ʲô֤ݣ
ȥ⹫˾Ҳÿˣ˿ЦȻȫվ˳
ĵѾͷǸСһİɣ
˵Ԭֳ㲻Ļӣô
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֣ߣѾͷ㵱Լǡ
ѽһɫСƤ˳ǰһʵФˣ֪ƾûʸ֣
˫ڻıһͼдšӵ߷ֶӶԱѣУΡ
ѵ֤ıһ䣬ͬʱФںҲѾ֪˻ѵݡ
ӣУ
ФںɲɵǻȦӵģȻԼļףζʲô֪ģȻҲ
ӵˣʵ
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ФˣһǸղǾ仰˵ӷƭթƭû֤ݣûеĻǾܸ棬ԼҲŵˣӦúܸʲôɣ
ôһ˵ɫԽѿȷԼû֤ݣ֤֤ûУԼŮԾǰųӷģóӷô
ã֣Ҳݵģƣҵ֤ݣһ㡣
תФںҪˣʱҲܲФˡ
λʵǱǸФںǶ˶ˣٲߣƻҪˡ
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ӷͣ˽Ųʵôѵ㻹뷴Ҳɡ
ФˣҽǿСϲƽϵģҲϣһΣһФҸңȦʧ
ӷ磬ĴҲҡ
Ǭ˵Фˣλֵܿû˵󻰣ŵĻ㾡һԡҪȾ㣬ЩԹ֮ûлͷ·ˣй̫һФңһ̫СǿŮķϣҪλֵܿڣǬһ绰ǷھְλףʡλףȫҪ̨
Ǭ㡭
ﲻ֪ӷݲŸ˴󵨣ȴ֪ǬݣȻ
˵ٷȰһ䣬ԺҪۿ˵ˣΪеǸײ㣬÷
С˽ѵԼ޷Ҳûˣˡ
ӷ磬Բ
ӷ粻ὫФϣЦС޹أҲõģԺҲĸ׼ˣʲôìܵġ
ǸҲϲΪϰ壬Ҿˣǵ绰ϵɡ
ФҲûתˡ
Фһ뿪󣬳ӷȫλϣӷȻڵһλã˸ӷΪЩ˶ǬѶѻ˵ˣ벻ʲôĻҲٻȥˡ


113 ƴ1
ڹ˾ҵ֮ȻͲҪӷˣǬɽҲܵȥϾɽŹģǬֱȽɢȥһҹ˾ڵĵڹ˾ȫȨɺڹǸ
ФңФŻһø
Ѿͷ㻹һ쵱ô˵ԣҲѵ㡣
裬㲻Ҫ̫ˣҶֵĻҾȥԺ㡣
ۣںŮڳӲˣĸҲвˡ
Фںӵڹ˾ͺܲãҲ˵绰ԬֳǣǷ֪ӷ飬Ԭֳ˭ҲҶ˵ʲô
ˣ춪˶Ļǲҵ⡣
Фںŭ
ǣˡãҲҵˣӷǻ쵰СǲŹġ
Фߴңɽ̽е鷿
ɽǸӷ磬ǲʲôң
ɲɵӣ飬Ҳ˳ӷڲͬǬͦ
ң̳ô꣬Ҳĳżᵽڹ˾ȥǾԲǳԼĶӸǬȥģôһС͵Ĺ˾λŵܲҲܳ棬ôżΪʲôأȻΪĳһ˵ӡ
ɽǬһǺ֮ˣȻǴӦӷ飬һ쵽ܣŮ˵ĲͬɣŮ˵ĶȽ仰һףʲô˵ˣɽֳҵ壬ǰû⣬Ҳ̳ҵѪͳ飬ףҲ˵һ仰ġ
֣ʲôѽӷֻ½ʶһѶѡ
ɽҶӣԸҷǳԲȥύһѵģύѣҲһˣǬһܺõӡ
ν֪ĪɽԸȻ
֣ͲҪˣ֮Ժ󲻹ܷʲô£Ҷȥ˳ӷ磬Ҫһдãԭ𣬵ʱһġ
еԥӲ˵Ҳû취
Ǻðɣ۹⣬ῴ˵ġǼҹ˾ȻӷǴɶҪĻ㾡ܸҿھˡ
֣ǵͲҪˣ˼ǶСİɣӷ֮еᣬȻֻСƢӷҲ⣬µСò֪˵
ƢҲøĸˣҾ̳ˣֲӹܼ⣬ֻܿˣһúĵģĸСƢ
ϣɽһȤûУҲѾ˵һнԼȥҲֹˡεڹ˾ɽ׬Ǯֻ֪˳ӷݣӷùϵѣԼҵĽǳ
ڶʱ򣬳ӷմѧУҲѾһʱļ٣ΪѾµˣҲ˵ӷϾҪϾˣٲȥѧУٵĻƷǱҲסһУ쵼֪ӷ̿ô죬ᱻġ
ӷܵܣȥԵĶɡĽɳϱ߿ӱ˵
ԵģŮɡ
Ҳûʱ𣬴ỹҪȥǣһ⼸쿴ŵء
ǺðɣҴȥпʲôóԵĶ
УǽʮһĻ𳵣Ҫ׼ʱվˣǾֻɻˣʱɱ˵λ
ϵĻ𳵣㲻˵𣡡
˭˵ϣǽˡˣȥǣҪ׼·ⶼʮûعˣƾǱߵŮʱУʱɲܶѽ
Ľ˵̳ȥˣӷҲû㵽ǽϵĻ𳵣Ǿ˵ϻ֮ǰЫҪྩʧ
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ӷĳ֣˵½еǲʲôԸ
ӷҲתĨǣ˵ҽʮһҪϾˣϾ֮ǰһҪҪ죬Ҫæ
Ϊ˽ףΪ̵ʱڽЫҵֵסǰĽӷҲֻܽһˡ
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ྩڵ˽٣
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ǣ»׼ʱֵġ
ҲȳӷЫܲڣŮֱʧ˳ӷǰ
ôƵģ˵߾ˣ
ӷٴһ绰ѣڵ绰ӷֻ˵Ыܲһڵƴ¼ҪѽǱ߸ȶҲ֮ǰӦġ
ȻӷǿֱӴ绰Ԭֳǵģ֪˳ӷݣȻհ죬һĻҲ͵ڱ¶˳ӷͷݡ
ڻѣӷѾ֪ĹˣҲһҲǸŮˣȻʹһ㣬Ҳ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵Ÿ̵Ǳܵĺܺ
ҹܲ󺮷罵ྩУ
ˣĿʼྩнᱻѪţ
ӷһ˵˽ϣྩڵڵϴơྩңǰǵҲԶˣ


114 ƴ2
ͤ⼸ʲôһﶼ㲻
ͭչҶһ绰תԻͤ˵
ڵĻͤɫҲǳѿ˵֣ɲܹҡŴһõȥֱӽģ˵ЫΣͻѾˣһЫռͻǰĵ̣ǶǰԿҾʹʮ˹ȥ˵ǶԸĵ̶ȥ
ͤʱ䶼æŰЫԸ飬ֻϧֵͭЫ׳Ǿһ֣뵽ô̶̼֮ڣԽԽӴ󣬸ѾֱЫơ
Ҷˡղ绰ȣ˵ǶѾ׼ȫɢǵĵ֮⣬ֱ֮Ҷǰɳȥ
֣㲻ûİɣ
ȻġӦֻҪɳռĵһ粻ҪǧΪл
ǧɲǸСĿѽ㻹ԥʲô
ҵĵǣһˣҶǰռྩڵĵ̣ǱһŹǵģ׿ԷǰңǱ¾Ҫˣ׿ԷҲ̫ԡ
ͤ˵ڸ͹ܲô࣬һЫǵţһĿһǶǰǸʱ򶫰ҲѾռྩڵһĵ̣㹻ǶǰԿˡ
ͭ˵ͷ˵˵ûЫĻҲὫΪֹǶûǵĵϸǱǸҲ֪ʲôˣһЫǾǶǰΣʱˡ
˶٣ͭԥʲô˵ͤϴһõǱȥôһҪסЫҪö޷Ыĵ̡
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ΪԷһѺ˸ʯɣһİȫҲбϡ
ѾǾŴˣʣһΣҪʱ𣿡
ģҶǰȻྩô꣬Ȼͷȥɡ
ͤҲûжʣΪ֪ԼĸϲһֵģڶǰԼ֪ĸִڡ
ྩKưɣһֳʵȴЫܲڡ
Ϊ˶ĿKưƽճ⣬ڰȴۼһɺڵЫ﷢˴¼еҪԱȫۼڴ˵ء
Kưһİڣһ£ʵôˣ
Ѿ˴󶯾ÿһֵ϶ǶǵرǻӣϣҪ˶ˡ
µЫ⣬ڰڻʮ˸ŮˣЩЫõս
һСʱǰӵϢ˵ǶѾȫԼĵ֮⣬εжԲԼ̵ģҪԼչһս
ΪڶѾЫ֮ˣͣûսʤǣ֮£ֻͭæ
ǰûУʵ
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ģǵȫѾ׼ˣֻȰһ¡
˿ڰڵЩˣʵɳƤȥˣ
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ɵˣһֵܳǣ˸ˡ
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ʲôûǳȥʲô
ɵ˵ʮֵܣһȥ͹ˡ
ɵˡ
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ôˣ
ȫۼ˰һ֣Ҫֱܲ
ྩİһҪֵڶۼ˰һϣҪֱӹЫܲ㣬ɵӶĳ
ģϽȫϹȻҪ棬Ǿһ㣬һɡ
ס
һܽ˰ᣬ˵Ĵսپ׷꣬֩ѾŻˣǲͶĻǾɱʱһ
ҿͷ棬ĸҲֱЫѾģȫȥжٽֱɱЫſ
ͷ߳˰ᣬKưɣʮˣͬʱKưĺüֵϣ˴ĺڵЩȫЫĳԱʱҲѾȫۼKư֮⡣
ֵǣ߷ôĶɾȴûгһˣǰЩڵӸһۼͻڵһʱֵģ⵽ôһ£￪ʼ
ɲôȻѾȵԼͷˣΪסԼྩǾԲʾģڵϻôã⵨Ҳʹơ


115 ƴ3
پ˵Ĵ£ȫۼྩаһβǳΧˣмȴһʮ·ڡ
˿̣Ыʮ·ԣȻپͷЫǱʮվǰ棬ߵЫļս
ʮ·ڵĺ̵ƷǳнĲţɲ֪ɺϻ˹ⰲŵģ⼸ϣȻһг·ˣһж˵İ·ж㣬֪ɼսΨб侲̬ȹۿ
ڶ߻ЫǱߣ˫жڴսû֮ǰ˫ǹҲ˵Լˡ
پһĮĴӸԵĿӿڴóһɫĲ˸Եֱϣ漴Ҳپ֮٣ȫóһɫĲֱϡ
ͬʱЫǱߵͬľٶǰϵȴǰɫĲ
ڰƴµľ˵ԼˣǹȻ˼Լ˵ģҲ⣬ֻԼֳһִԼ˵ĶڻҵʱŲԼ˴Լˣپ˵ķҲΪϣΪ򵥵ġ
˫ȫ׼úʮ·ڵĺ̵Ƹպõ˺ƣʱپ˵ͬʱһİս֡
پǰʮ·ڱߣһ˫۾ֱŶ棬еսͣź⡣
£˫˵˵ҲǷϻȻ˫ĿĶѾȷˣǾֻȶԷ춯̶֡
֣
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پһ£˵һʱ䳯˹ȥ֮󣬰ҲǵĿ꣬Ы
Ѿˣ˿ֵĻǾֻеű˿ķݡ
˵ԼЫѾˣţǰĻͭԼЫﱻģ򣬶ǰƽྩĵǶĿȻǶǰɡ
뵽ǰܿͻϵҲһ󺰣ҿǡ

˫һʱȫʮ·ȫǺڵĺü֮ڶûһĵΧľǸӲ֣ܳԼûˣǿɾͻˡ
ڰһԱһƶͨѶ֮ϣӷ罫ֻķŽ˿ӿڴ֮ǰԵ绰ָپģֻҪپֻǾǶֵʱ
ڰϵĳӷ翴ⳡڵƴԼЫЫԼɳӷĿǰûжֻվ֮ϣһ˫۾һĻ
Ӹ£ָоӷǰû
پ˷ֿ·ɱһѪ·ַʽ˵ӦֱɱǱߣνֻҪɵˣЫͻȺףǸʱЫСܣȻеͶ
鲢ûپǰ򵥣Χͣ³һʱ佫پŰΧĸ塣پ˶˳ӷ߱ʽһʽƴɱȻڻ£ֻʱϻӶѡ
ӷ粢پˣڵʵҲҪġ
ӷ罫Ŀ⿴ԼԱһԼģҲǶĵһˣǰ֩ЩСܡ
ǰС죬žʱѽû뵽ȻѾǶһĴˣÿһ˶ǲҪƴɱţܶصˣѪҲһˣӣʱ̣ЩСҲѾɳˣŲöãÿһˣΪҪԱ
ٿһߣһ͵һЫչɱ¾ҲһˣͬûкˣֻǵûжһǰǿӷҲһ۷ֱЩһǰͻĳԱǴͷģɾǰˡ
û뵽һˣôܴ򣬲ʵѵѽ
ӷȻǰıδϣپ˶Դǵķ˼˵ֶΣҲôͳϷڶ֮¡
ʮ·ڵƴɱţɳӷ絽ڶûж֣Ϊӷڵȣȶǰ㣬Ҳǳӷϵ˵ġ
˴֪ԼЫﾭʱѾвˣȻڶǰͭ϶Ы׳Ҳ붫Ƕǰƽ£Ϊͭ˽Ыڶȴһ֪ԣһġ
ȻʮӺϵĳӷѾӶϱߵĽϿ˼ʮӳ˺ܶˣÿһ˵жſ
óӷ벻ǣͷģȻǻͤ
û뵽ǰ߾Ȼɻͤ˹ҲãȻͤǾͷݴͭɡ
ӷ΢΢ᲱӣʱͻȻӰԼֱߣʮ·ڳ˹ȥӰûзֳӷ磬һͣġ
һߣһߣףӣһǶǰˣֵͭµˡû뵽Ϊ˾һЫҶͭǲһдۡ
ӷһЦʱһѪɫӰ֣ѪɫӰȴֱӳڳӷڵ֮ϣվ˳ӷߡ
Ӧ֪ʲôʱְɣ
˵ͷ˵ܷģСѣһʺϵʱ֡
ӷҲûжԣ𣬳ʮ·ڷ¡


116 ƴ4
ףСӸʲôϿ콫ЩСɫǰѾɱˡ
پһɵ˰ΧԼЫСܣЩһﻹԴԴϣҲ׼پΪǿһȫپ߳Ͳپ˿ӽĻᡣ
ʱ޷֮£پҲֻܽǸϿ£һԼȫסˣŰǱҲ˶áңǰڻͤĴѾⳡƴһЫǰ˫γƣǶڶ˵Ĳ
쿴Ƕǰٰɱˡ
ЫļĿǰΪֵֹ߱ȫսСܡ
תͷȥֻһһֵϳԼɱ˹ɱҲǶˣǴͷ֮չֳ˳ϵʵһѿսʱûֹͣɣ˾ǻͤ
ʱֻû뵽ͭĶӾȻ˵ã־Ыеս֮ϡ
˿ֻҪǰһҲͰһ𣬵Ҫֵܼʲôʱ
׸֩ǶһǰѾˣɫأ֩룬󺰵ףЩ˽ңȥͤǼһȻǸߣ
ӷ֮߱ʽ֩Ѿȫֱͨ˸رʿˣԻͤչֳʵǹʲô
״һ֩ڻ£ͤǱ߳˹ȥ
ͤҰֵܡ

׵ս϶³ͤȥͤҲû뵽ڶоȻҲйߵĴڣʶĽеĿһȴϣԼĿԷΡ
ͤ˺վȽţһ˫׺ݵ۾˸ղŹԼ֮ˣˣȴûͤһ˵㣡
ûҡྩѧһϵס
Ȼϴΰ׵ʱͤûг֣ྩѧʱ򣬻ͤǼ׵ģû뵽СӾȻǶˡ
ǶĴս֮һף
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ٷϻҲ׻ڣССҲ𲻵̫ķ粨֮Ƕｫྩʧ
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һɼΣͤ˹ȥ
׵ͤྩѧʱپʩչ
ܣѵ
ͤ񲻸ȥ׵һУߵʵһӲһнĻԼҲܡ
ڻͭȼ֮ûͤ֡
˺ڣ

һ󾢷ӻͤγһɸվ׽ͤȻ׵ϡ
ʱ䣬׸оԼͬһʯѹƵģ˵ڵأһҲˡ
ʱһӰͻ֣ĿһֻųԼͷ
ףСġ
֩ߵ󺰵ȴЫСܸΧţһʱͳ鲻ȥס
һʱҹоһһɫСͬǰ㣬׵ĺӰ˹
ʲôˣ
ӰȻһתһֻŲ׵ԱߣͬʱҹǡৡʮϹɵӰ

ӰԳȫһѰϹɵȴ𲻵κεãȫڵء
ϵߣ
ĮԱû뵽ӰȻɽһһϵߣɢɽ֮ϣɽCӰDģ
ףｻңȥپǡ
׸оԼϵѹѾʧһ󳤳һ˫ɫվԼǰ˿˵ǣ
ӷ米ĳͣɿţѷɵʱйԷȴɢȥǻƽ壬Ϊһʮҵˣһװ˶ߣʮ׳һ̺ۣǸͷͷһֻɫ档
ˣ㻹ʲôϸҡ
ͤδ꣬˫һתľȻǳӷ磡
㣿
٣첻һɺã
ӷ磬ô⣿
ⲻǷϻҶҪЫΪͷȻҪֻ֡û뵽ǶǰҲ֣ȻˣǾȫûȥˡ
£ӷ粻ԼҲûŻͤЩ˻ȥȻˣȫɡ
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ͤԼƽƽ˵ãܺãȻˣҲȥ㡣ˣɱ
˵ͤҪסǶһΰǶǰǶǸӣ޹ϵˡ
Ҫϻ϶֣
ӷҡҡͷ˵ͤǻɱңƾһܰ쵽𣿡
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֣ҲһҲѾ˵ǻྩ飬ûϢˣѵ
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ⲻܣʵͲǻǻĶ֡
ſһ£һ֮ҲûȥԱˣΪҲǻſ̫
˴Цһ˵ʯãС˿㿴ôɣ
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С˵ҲδǼ٣ȻǻԿǾһְɡ
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ӷһЦ˵ҵĿǻͤǶλȻʰǡ
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˸ʯһߣһߣͱ֮Ϊ˫ħΪǵֶζû뵽һѪĳԱȻԼ˵ǰԳħΪⲻڹعǰˣ
ʮǰ֪ĸš
ʮǰ
˸ʯ໥һۣһʱû׹ҲʲôѾˣգۼ䣬ͷӺ˸ʯõĲϵڵء
ͤɵˣû뵽Ժ˸ʯõʵȻ׾ͱɵˣɱԵɱ
˻ҪҶ𣿡
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׷ڳ嵽ʮ״ʱͻսͷȥ

һҽУⳡڵƴҲѾٽβϴ󶼹ˣСȻһȫеļһﶪ˵ϣҲȫ˵ġ
ǰ㡣
پ󺰵
û⡣
ʱγǹͤһͳɨ
ա
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ͤɫҰףĻѾڼ˸ʯñɱһѾ֪Լ¿鷳ˣ֪Ͳˣ
磬λ磬ǣһ·ɣұ֤ԺҲҸǶΪˣ
֪գαص鷳׼ҵҲҲģӣ׿Ҹҵˣܿͻȥġ
׼ҵɱģ
ʱ⣬Ѿɵɣ
ɡ׷˵
ӷһЦ˵׷꣬ȥˣ˭ϴ˲þҩ
һӺ׷һɫӣ˵ֻҪһž˵ʮš
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һСʱ֮ྩ½ֿϳһҩķӣȫ֣ͭӵϢϵʱȴѾ̫ˣΪͤþϿ°ĭ·ϣպһһԴ顱һͤײʮף
ʱ򣬳ӷĽ飬ȴѾǰĻˡ


117 үӻع
׶ΧļߣЩ߲ǱصģȫССеļҲѾǰ¸ˣȫЩҵңҲд󲿷׶⣬ЩͬһʱۼͬһطֻΪ˼һˣɷһˣͽһˣΪ׶ڰСʱ֮ڣֻܳܽԣļ߸ҵңûһ˽ȥġ
̨̨ǼXXX׶ĵĵȴţٹСʱһ˽˷ɻɰִﱱ׶ȴ֮ˣҲڰСʱ֡ȫйڶڴҲɻλʮߣΪʲôͻȻعأ𰸽ڰСʱΪҽ
Ϻ̨ǼXXXŴҲѾ֪ˣڱ׶ȫصļһȴһλعߣǳҼȫŴʼˣʮǰͱΪүĳԶɽţʮǰӰеҵĳӳ۴ڣԶɽȴǰʮһع˴ԣǸӵĻع飬ҶٴǨصڣҲд˵λǻع̽׵ģൽʲôأǽڰСʱΪȫڽ
ݵ̨
ϵ̨
ɵ̨
ص̨

׶һƬŵգǶڵһʱõһţЩڵҵңҲ֪ԶɽعĿģ
ʱ˿̣˻Ⱥ֮⣬Ϻλҵͷ쵼ҲڿҪ飬ųλүع֮󽫻ôӰ졣
һ׳һ˲裬ʵҶ˵˵ԼĿɣԶɽعǸô
һ׳˵һ۸ջ͸ҹĹдңǸȫˣ˵ҵԱҲ⼸֮ȫصϺϼңһżʵͷʹѽ
˴ίԱ˵ʵҲð̫ӣԶɽۻعĿǶѾ֪ˣȳԶɽֻҪһţ˵ҸӻعֻΪ̽ףκһҵģͲᷢʲôˡ
һ׳̾˿˵ǶɵģҹЩҵһôͲܿƵסˣ
˵ӣ»Ҫ鷳ѽ
һ˫˫ɣ۾ȫڳΨһһŮˣҲǼǸλӵԼŮԽ졣ڵԽ쿴£һ׳˵ĻҲûƵġ
죬ܡ
׳𣿡
죬ôˣҶλعء˵
Խ첢̫ӣ˵ͻɣүҲһˣֲһǲôĵģ
죬⻰Ҳ˵ɣǼϹͷɶסЩٴηˣ
ʮǰ޷籩ǶʮǰĻķ粨ÿÿЩʱɫ䣬йŸոȶɾǸˣ
׳ǾͷĺˣүǱ߾ͽҰɣֳʲôµġ˵ˣǸ쵰ҲѾӦңڱʱ͵ģ
Ǹ쵰
һ׳˶εĿЦǣڶʮǰû˵ĻԽһŮˣʲô˵ѽ
˵ϻס۵ĻҲԽһˣ
ǸӵͽɣϾҪˣ죬Ҳ׼һ£ʱæġ
׳ģұ֤ʲôӵģǻ쵰
λ˶ǹһЦʱһ׳һ绰ڹҶϵ绰˵ԶɽѾˡ
׶ڣװ絽ȫģļҲ൱֮ߡЩ֮⣬Ҳڳһ˶վЩ˵ǰ档ڻڵкȫͣټĻֻͣһܸոصĳɻ
Ŵ򿪣ֻһɫۣͷ׷˳
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̾˿˽ʮ꣬һеɵйѿ͸һУΪûκζκˣԼǿٴμˣû뵽ǰʱӵӵһ绰ǿ䵭һη
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ѽʲô˵ˣϴȥҵıӡ
֣ӷڻ·أƻҪСʱܵ
ȻˣǾȥλ׼ҰɣΪӷʮǰַˣȻӷ绹˼䣬ҲûҪȥˡ
ʵʮԽۣԼңҿɴûԼҡ
˿̣ɹҲѾӭͷ˷ǳӭүӻع´ȫӭ
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˻һЩĴȫųһ亹ɳԶɽĻǰˡ
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۵˵ͷ˵ã̰졣
˿̣۶Զɽһͬعһʵôûһ
˻شСǰܵٸȥˣ˵Ҫҽ͢Ľ̻ˡ
͢ôǵˣ
ǽ͢˾Сһ䡣
ε绰㴦꣬͢˸Ļɱ˱ǡ
ٸԽ͢ǿϵһǿ͢мǵ𣬿ȴ赭д˵ɱ˱ǡǺεȵţ
ǡ
ŮΪӣ滹ĸܸܵĸãЩܡ֮УСĳ۵Ĺϵãģ۴ǵ˿ǳ³֮⣬Ҳû۵磬֪ıƣȨλģԵʱԽŻ˵Ǹ˲¹ͷļ壬һҲΪ


118 1
׶Ǳ߸ӭһԶɽڱվߣӷĽ龭ʮСʱг̣ڵ˾ǡ
һ߳վӵȺʵóӷеԾྩȺһˡ
Ҷ˵ɻֲ׼·ɣ
ĽڻϾѾԹˣλС߻𳵣ϵĻǲģֻٶ̫ˣ
˵㣬˵Ǳѽô·أӷʵ
УҶѾʮûˣڱط˵ʮ꣬һı仯ҲǷ츲صģ㻹Ҹأ
ʵӷʣĽΪʲôྩʮʱ䣬ʮΪʲôرϾĽ飬ӷҲÿڣƵȥ
Ҵ绰裬ǰɡ
˵꣬ӷóֻͨԽĵ绰ԽһӷѾˣӳӷ硣
ԼСʱһӳ͵ĺ쳵ͣ˻վſڣҵĻǾرգʹΧѲ˾һľ
ҲŮˣʮ꣬ԽѾʮʱˣͷŵ鳤ԽǨĹְȻҲȴԸ뿪Խ죬طȥĥꡣ
ǹ𣿡
ӷ練ĽվڳǰĹǰʵ
ϴЦݣʵһǳӰɣ
ӷͿˣʲôӲӵģűŤ
Ҳ˵Ǻáӷ磬λүӸϷˣ׳ǶѾڼҵˣǸϿȥɡλСǣ
鿴ĽʵΪǳӷŮأĻڼļλ˻Ӹˣӡˣ˸Ůѻ˼ϲʲôɼҵѽ
ͲҪӷܣӲҪʲôĽЦ飬Ҽǵʮǰڱģ㲻ǵ𣿡
´һĽ飬͵뵱ǸϲܣＸѾͷһСŮ
ǡĽС㣡
飬ɣҵġ
飬СѸ˵㲻ྩô
ٿһ۳ӷ磬ԼԼ趨һĽڵݣҲͲˣӷĽ˳
ĳĺԺΧʮþǹľţĺԺڣһӸͨ˼һæµ
Ϲ٣㶯ǿѽǱϾҪˡ
һʮ꣬ͷ׷˵ϷָһʮǳˣڿڣԶɽ׼ꡣ
Ϸ˽ͣйĵһˣҲԽĸףӷš
ָų˵߽ԽĸףйһԪ˧ڿյʱιӵĶӳһŵųսպա֮ιĵһ֣ίϯΪڿյʱܹܶˣʱʱĻᷢԵһ׳ǸλӣǰλΪԭһ׳λӣɵڣЩԱĸһ׳ǰ𾴣й֮޲
̫ţѽưɣһǷˣ
̾˿ֿڿڵĳԶɽ˵ϼһﶼУһͻ̣һͻ⣬ᡣˣԱߴȥ
׼ĸɣҵҲɹ٣ǵʮǰһӹءԶɽԼѾˣҲѾ⿪ʮìܣҲġ
ڳһ˳˵̫ţǵıӵһλؼѽⷹȻүү⹫׼ˣԱ߿žˡ
׼ҹǲǸúˣԶɽ߳ʵ
ˣţţҵ
ĺԺڣʮŮɵ۵ĿһĻ
СӤ˵ٷܳ𣿡
źɫ·Ůʵ
еѣǰģһû⹫أ˵´˳ȥ˻᲻ЦѽСӤʵ
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˵ǸͿ쵽ˣ˵˵˧˧ѽ
뻹԰ɣ̸̷ĶӣӦòôȥ
ɼסˣر𽻴һλǿɱ˵˵һҪôܵҸ˵ůʮʱ䣬ų˲ٿġ
֪ˣ֪ˣ⻹˵͸˵ˡ
ͼѾͷԺ죬˵ѾͷûУҼûĻܵġ
ţرӣѧУǵļ٣ͱˣ
Ѿͷ˵ʲôЩŹǣѾͷѽϸܵԺܵһûء
СӤ˵ţⲻܹǣɼСϵǾָԱѧУ۸ˣѵѵĻԼˡ
ǣһָԱĶӾţǲֵĻ֪⾩˭ͷء
ֱҡͷ˵⹫ߵģôС͸ܾԺܣ˴ҽԺٹ껹ˡ
裬ͱ˵ˣСʱ򻹲Ǹһ
Խӿ߳˵ġ
ǣ̶վˡ
Ұ̣ǹҵĺ쵼۸Сѵġ
ԽЦһ£ҲȥѾͷ˵֣Ǿͱæˣɡ
ȥȥȥܳ𣡡˵
ʱ򣬴ԺŴ򿪣ųӷĽ˽
׳Ѿӷӻˡ
ӷһԺͬʱ߳Ů˸ĸˣŮȻԽ̸áãǸԵɷһȻǳۡ
ӣҵĺӡ
͵һȥʲôܣֱӱס˳ӷ硣
Խǰ˵ӷ磬λţ⼸λүү⹫λ̷򡣡
ԶɽʱͬʱᣬһӢᣬһᡣ
ӷ˿ҲǱһᣬ˵үү⹫š


119 2
Ӣ۵ļÿһ˶ᣬԶɽλҵҲˮСӤΨ۱ƽ̬Ҳʮָˣ
ӷ磬̷ٶ˾ԱѾˣǵŮҲĶãȻӤ
ٶϻžԽһнΡ
̺ã̷á
úӣͺãͺá
Խ̲˲ᣬɷٶο˼䣬˵ӷѽྩǴҶѾ֪ˡɵĲЩ˸ˡ
ٶֻ֪˵£ӣǲ֪ҩ£ɳӷ粻ұ֤Լүү⹫֪֪顣
ι˵磬ôܲҴкأǿˡ
ȻӤǰӷ·ˬ
ԣǸʺˣ顣
ӷһʺЩڿ޵ȫЦӣ֮ǰĵĸǶ࣬ӷʮ꣬Ըͦġ
ңҡ˵ܴԺҪСüѽ
ҲҪҲҪ
Ѿͷǰųӷ˵
ԽѾͷһԽĶŮ㣬һԽŮ¡
ӷ罫⹫ҵһһһ飬ԽǸʡʡίǣԽǹ㶫ʡʡǵɷһǹ㶫˾Աһǳɶ˾ԱԼҵȨƿǿ˷ָѽȱ˵ԽεԼκһԱҲֻѽ
Զɽ˲ᣬ˵ӷ磬鶼үүãүүˣͲʮĿ࣬ԹүүʮĸĸΪҲѾʮ꣬ͲҪٹ˰ɣ
ԼĳʧȥֵõԶɽɲӷﻹŵ飬Ҳܵ굽˭ĴΪүүģȻһе
ǣȴ˵׼ңôȫˣҲεġ
˵û겻ǡ
үү⹫ţȥ鶼ѾȥˣȻһžۣǾͲҪ˵Щĵˣ
ãúӣЦһôµʲôѽ
֣ǲǸýλˣʵ
Զɽ˵ͷʮǰѾˣЩҲûһһĽԼҵ۹ŽӰˣ۵ƣҲѾˣˣǽҲǳӷΪҵĽӰˣЩǡԽĵģΪԼĶӾҵȨȥ
ӷ磬̿죬Ȼûܿܿһž۵ĻһῪĵġ
Զɽӹλ˿ԱߵһϣڣҲǳӷʽڵʱ
ӷλǰͷ̣ȻӷûܼһΪӸеġ
˵ˣȻӷѾڣǾȳԷɣмƿʮĺþƣ׼ңǽͲ顣
ã׼ҹ˵ôȾôȣʮҲûʹĺȹһأ
һһ𣬳ӷȻүү⹫м䣬СѾͷأ־Ϳԡ
СӤ㣬С£òһ㡣
СѾͷ죬ʵ磬ǲʲô
ӷһ룬ѽԣиء
ӷĽ黹ԺأԼڣ֮ǰҲýǰˡ
ܳȥĽ˽ӷ˵үү⹫ţҵѣĽ顣
Ľ鱾ܲˬӷ罫Լ治ܣһһӵˣĽЦүү̣үү塭Ǻá
ߵĽǰʵû뵽ʮ겻鶼ôˡ
˳ۼྩĽ⣬˶֪Ľ˭ȴһ۾˳
Ľ鲢Ծλһ˻ϵԼ˵ǳļԺãڼʶˡ
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̫ţ⺢ǡ
ĽݼҵѾͷϹ٣㲻˰ɣ
һ˵ĽݲСӵŮû뵽ôˡֻǣ飬ӷʲôϵѽǲӦøүү˵һ
⹫Ҫᣬҵྩʶѣͨϵѡ
ͨѣôУȻԼҵţͱˡҴ绰үүԺǡ
ӷŮ˿ɲֹһྩһ
ǡ
Խ˵ǻƼҸϼҵѾͷ
һԼĽݼҡƼҸϼҵѾͷȫ㵽֣ǴЦԣʱҲʲô򣬱˾Ҫ˵Ϊϲˣ
û£ڵĺӶҳԷԷ
Ľ黹ǵһθôһȻеţͶҶ
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㽫һբзϣվ˵Ҫķ粨
ӦԣԣҲҪķ粨ǰҰ˵ˣôҲ˵ġ̷λ˾Ըǰɡ
˵ǣǣҰ˵ʮǰĻķ粨ܾء
֡
һŭʹ˶һԽԼ˸ԵŮڶʮǰĻķ粨ǿļɻ䣬ʮǰ޷籩Ҫɻ䣬Ͼʮǰ鷢ңʮǰ£ȴй
֣Ҫŭ岻õġԽ˵
ǶôӵģõĲѧȫ֪ˣ
ڸûʲôܻ䣬ǾˣþǺãǻ۵Щ£ûͬ
׼ҹȥôˣǲˡҾһ
Զɽ˸Բ
Խ亹ֱ֪ʮǰǸɻ䣬ôͱӸ֪أõ۾Ȼǵ˸Եɷ򣬶ǵɷȴûƵģ໥ɾơ
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⣬⡭
˵ûʲôС£С¶ѣ


120 
󣬳ӷ裬̷ãĽ鼸ڿ죬ĵȻǳӷ飬ʮεΣСС飬ԽǶ֪
ӷ˵Լǰһ¶ͼʡ̳һ粨ֱ֮ЩνĴʦɱԽ̵˶ߣȻӤѾͷҲҧгݣ˵ҪȥЩһˡ
ӷ˵߿״ԪʱԽǵǾ֣ʡĸ߿״Ԫֻȫĸ߿״Ԫ֣Ϊʲôӷ統ʱúðգָأȻ£ӷȻϣʱҲǹˮġ
ֱӷ˵Լྩѧྩ֣Լҵ˶޲ܵྩȥЩȫǹˡ
ϾϾҪˣԽǿɲʱԽ鷳ҪྩңҲҪȵԽλ֮ʱҲ˳ĽҸ
ڳԶɽӣԽ죬˿̲ûиӷһ죬ȫ鷿ڣʲôƵġ
鷿ûֶ˵֮ȫǱ֮ģûκһ绨ѩµ鼮ǽϹźܶƬȫʱ˸λϵƬȻһЩѾò˵Ĳǹ
׼ҹҴ֮󣬾ʹӷ絽Ϻϼסһʱ䣬Ȼ۽ӷȥѧҵ֮Ÿң֪׼ҹ׼ĸûʲô
ԶɽĻԽһһ£ҲΪĵġ
ʵҾùڵĽҲѾܺˣûҪӷ͵ȥ顣ңӷǰ;⣬ҲѾˣӷ绹ǱȽʺϴ
Զɽ˵죬֪ôģԣмķգɷġŲҵҪӷһȥƴϣҲûܹҡŵĻԵӷֻ֮ҪסͰͲġ
˵׼ңʵҲӷߴӾҪõĶࡣϾڻᣬŵԴʮ֮꣬͵Ժ˵ɡ
Զɽ˵׼ҹ˵ͲˡҲӦ֪ӷҵĳνӳиҵȻģ۽ҵİ࣬ӷȻҪ۵İˡңǳҵҲ֮⣬ǼӸӶûټŹãһҵʱŽǣžͻˣ
˵׼ңԼҵҲ֪ӷԼҵΨһжضҪģ·ҲѾˣѧҵҾȰŵȥĥ֮꣬ٷŵطȥ꣬ʮʱؾίȴָԱ֮һ͵ˣȻԸһλӣȻһ׳λӡ
ӣλ˼ѾӷһжźˣҲֻһԸûʹӷ磬Խ춼֪Լĸ뷨ԼĶһ׳λƣˣҲǼʮ֮飬ʮϣһ׳Ǹλõģ
ԶɽԲͬӷߵǸȥģ˵׼ҹʲôõģ춼ҪΪҴ·ģ㿴ʮ꣬ͷǸͻҪ࣬ӷѾʮĿ࣬ѾˣүүģǲΪЩҴ·ĵġ
Զɽˡ
ⲻǷϻ
㡭
ʲô㣬ҵ˵㣬ӷǳҵˣһȥɡ
Զɽ㲻Ҫ̫֣һˣӷҪҵİߣǸңǸûӷȥֻѧ
Сӣô˵ģʲôǳҸûǳѵĻȦҲòȥ
ͷĶӽʲôˣѽѵ㻹ҵҲɵڶ𡣡
ҵĽҵĽȻǲһôˣҲѧȥѽǸ𡣡
ãҲ㶷죬֮ӷйϹͷȻһ仰ȫľû˭Ҳġ
ð붯ǰɣһ޷籩
λ˼ۿҪˣ۸Խ̽λ˿ʱҲ֪ô죬Զɽ˵ĳĵأڵʮǰǾй֮޲һˣȲ޸ᷢʲôңһ仰йľгҪȱһ룡
һǹһǮҪǿɲأ
ˣѽʲôѽʲô¾Ͳƽ͵̸𣡡˵
˵Ҳĸ̳Լ¡
ҲĸСӳ
˵֣ʵλ˵˵ȥΪӷǰ;ҿǹܲˣ
϶˳ۣԶɽʵʲôҹܲˣϻûҹܲ˵£οӵ¡
֣ܲˣǲ˵ģɼȻǶֳˣٲ˵ĻҪģ
Խ켱лͿ˵ɣϽ;Ϳˣ
֣ʵӷྩѾԼҵ£ǾͲ÷ˣ
ʲôӷԼҵʮ꣬ҵѽʵ
ĸˣӷҸĶӣȻӲһ֪ǰʱû˵ŵȥչྩĺţ
Խ˵ǸʱྩҲšѵŲ㷢ȥ𣿡
죬ҵԸӦúҪչһҹ˾ĻԲҪô鷳
ǡѵӷ磿
ûһжӷģŵɢһϢȥ˵ҪչĺţĺŵĹиĴ֮ڰչĺŵĹƱһڿ͵ļ⹥ĺţʹĺŵɶ֮£ֻһǧļ۸񣬽ĹƱȫӷ硣
˳۵ĻԶɽһԾʵһǧչһҹ˾
ǵġ
⣬⡭ãҳԶɽӣͷԡһǧչһй˾Ǹװǿʲô𡣡
Խ˵ҵʱ˵⹥ĺŵڿǽϷǳ֮סͨѵǸͨӷ磿
ۻشӷ硣⣬ӷһֵĺڿ͡аǾǻƼҵѾͷѡ֮⣬ӷ֮ǰҵСӣྩһҵСһһұڹ˾Ǽұڹ˾ĳԱǹ߾ߡ۽ӷྩЩ˵һ룬ȻЩ˵ɲ˵ԽҪˣ
̾˿˵ȻӷѾԼҵǾôΪҲûõġҲգӷԼȥҵɣԺԺ˵
ԶɽҲ˵ȻӷѾԼĹ˾ۣͺúÿŵɡǣ𣬸𲽵ʱضˤģˤʱ㲻ҪȥֻԼվǲŻߵøԶ
۵˵ͷǳԶɽĽһͷԲ֣ʲô鶼ҪĻǺӾԶɳ


121 ľǹӸ1
ϵʱλүҲûˣ˵˾СһڴԺ壬жԶɽۣȫľ˸
죬ʮˣԽҲҪǰ׼ʱףٵ˽ܶ࣬ô˵ҲйһԪ˧Ĺ쵼ˣ֮Ժտ֪
磬ǣǴǵһɡ
ȻӤѾͷڼסҪȥ棬ֹܵϣҲֻųӷһȥˣĻ͹Ҳֹ
ʵȻӤһִģû취ΪǵĸĸҲֻȻӤĸڱĶع뱣ķֲ֮ģֻλ˼չˡ
ӷȻҲ뵽ȥ棬ĽѾʮûлˣˣȻһڴӦ
ٳ֮ǰͻصؽӷһԱϤҪȻӤҪҹ䣬ѳӷŪˡ
ȻӤ˴Ӧһ̫ˣųӷĽܳ˴Ժ
ڼתǴȻӤһþǹľ֣Сͯߣء
ӷĽ鲻֪ȻӤʲô˵Ҫȥи˹ʲôҿɲϰߴߵġһ룬ȻŵʱͶû˸ţ쵼˵Ҳǰ㣬ʲôط˱ģϱӽ£˭ѽ
ľ˴Լʮңڸûһ˵ӣȻӤǰԺſǱ߿˿˵С㣬ǿɵѽ׳Ϸ֪ˣҿֵĵùˣ
Сͯ㵨ôԽԽСˣǽų
Сͯѽ˵ҵĴС㣬УŶѽյ䶼ڰѾĳǿǿΥģǰʱѾһˣеڶΣԼ̸ˣ
֮Сһ㣬ǧ׳Ϸ˸ˡоǡλһǳӰɣ
ӷͷЦЦȴû˵
Ѿˣǿǧ쮳ѽ
ϻ̫ˣʲôط
ͣ˽ֿڣԼȥɣ
ӹСͯĳԿףȻӤҲǷǳĳֿǱȥĳӷĽΣ
ӷܵܣ㻹ɣҸое
˵㣬ǾͷİɣҲ͵ԼҵĶûµġ
ӷô뵽һϻѽշҹѷ
ȻӤʻһüճտһ֣ͽżӴ󣬻еǳඣλյΪ
СӤŵ㣬ᱻ׷ġӷ˵
磬İɣ⳵ҵľգûǵӡ
৵һֱƣ·һóһСӣ߼¼ʲô˵һʮΣԼλСʻžƣֵⷣǴӳȥˣ
Сʱ֮ȻӤͣĳǰ³󣬳ӷڴд֡
СӤòɣӷʵ
˵磬㻹浱ǳѽⲻ⹫ô˵Ҳ׼ﲻǣȻҰֵ˵ǰ׳԰׺ˣ
ƣڵѾͷතѽ֪Ӧ⹫Ұ׳԰׺ȣ⹫֮ǰصܳֻﵽǲе̫ˣѾͷôǮѽǱһĶȻˡ
֮֮Ѿˣаû뵽֮á
ѽˣûλˣֻˣ˵˼λӣ
Ľ˵ھǵʱûطﶼЩʲôѽ
㣬˵ྩʮ꣬Ȼ֪ߵķչˡҸŶʲôУһȫõģģЩƲ֪öٱأǾ;
ӷʵСӤڶѧôǮѽ
ǺǣѹǮյǮȫһһöء
ΣһѹǮյǮһöණ˵С㣬ѹǮյǮҲ˵ɡ
Ѿͷǳӷãǳμ棬Ҫġ
ǽǿʲô͸ǰɡ
㣬˵ģ͸ǣʵ
Ȼɴƭ˵ģЩСѾͷ
˼ҲСˣʮˡ쿴һƷˡۣƯѽǣ磬⡭
ӷЦۣܿΪʡǮ
ȻӤΪӷŵĽӰˣǮ˵Ȼڻ£ȴ벻ӷеǮɶǿԼı׬ģϴԽתЩǮӷҲһûù
λŮʿǣӭҪĵһƷ䣬Ϊʮҡ
˻Ÿ䣬ǰ˺ʮ˭ҲҸ
ðɣһʼðһɵƳñ˸ģʲôѽ
ǣ黹ô֣ǰ˵һȫѻȸҲһöһԥûУ˵ˡ
˻䣬ͼһԼʮվܲмĳȫһۣһȺûǮҲܵ
˵٣ƾүӸ㸸׵⾩˭Ҹѽ
һЦһ￴ȥɶö
ںĹһǲˬ˵𱦸˵
ȻӤ˵ԩ·խѽôÿﶼǻ浱ҿˡ
Ľʵ㣬Сǲӣ
ͷӣ⾩ﻹ˭ôѽ
ӷʵ˵ĶЩʲôѽ
磬Ǹ𱦵үүǰθͷӽպýİ࣬θҲǴ̵ͷ
Ķͷ
ǵġλӦɸȥģΪıһ׳⣬¸µĻֱӽˣɴ̵һְҲΪˣǴԼԣ⹫ݣó棬Ҿ͸ӵĵôˡ
ȻӤ˵꣬˵˵һȺԺϼһԴλڱһ׳ѹҲûоʱŰŸء
ȻӤӷã⾩ǿ治ǾǣȨٴ󣬵λٸߣ˱㣬ɰ治֪ʹʲôݺ㣬εȦӣе˷ëѽ
Ľ˵ȻʮûˣҲС˵ͷΪһɾΪ׵ϵһɾΪ׵ϵ˫ͷδĽȴδֹͣСһ׳վߵģҲֱӲֽɵУζΪΪϵǱߵҲûһμӹ飬ǺܲҹƲĻڻ֮ǰǱһдģĶ
ȻӤ˵ⶼ⹫Ҳվ˵仰⹫ݣҿ˭
ĽЦСӤҪ֪Ȼүүһ仰Ҵ֣ˣͻ¸֮԰ҲԸ˵л
Щ£ӷɲȻҵ˸ԼĸԣԼҲðĸʲôˣھλӳԲ˶ߡ


122 ľǹӸ2
ڼţһƷҲѾ˸֣ʱ򣬳ӷ綼ûнмۣȻӤѾͷС졣
磬ǴӦǵģôǿеĶһҲмѽ
ӷЦЦԼмۣڵʱһ𱦲ìܵʱ
ڸղĽǵĽ֮󣬳ӷ˾һҪǸȱ첲ȵģǸг𣬳ӷҲʶѽ˭Ҳ֪ôԼĸΪУǾҪۡ
ǣӷҲѾĽǵĿе֪ҵȨҲССļҲҸԼĸΪУôԼͲ鷳ҪǸԼ鷳ֻҪ˫һìܣǳӷͻ˻ìܸץסԼֵİѱ𱦺Kһ١
СӤȲҪʵڳһЩǮĺõĶࡣ
磬ʲôѽʵ
ǲǿǸ𱦲˳𣬽Ͱǳô
һӷ⻰Ľһ֪ӷʲô˵ӷܵܣǧڿеʱڣִˣĸ鷳ģǱҲݡ
İɣҲɵȥҪԸأҲӣڲְɣ
ȻӤ˵磬ô˵Ƕġ
ǺáСӤֻܲ¼񣿡
Ȼԣػܸء
Ҹطչʱ㽫ȫ̶¼
OKû⡣
ȻӤһ˷ܵܵһԱߵĽȥˣǸطû˻ȥע⡣
ʵ磬Ǹʲô
һᣬᰴ˵ȥˡ
Ǻá
ĽֻǿҡͷҲû˵ʲôˣ
˿̣ǰ̨ѾóһɫĺӣںװŵȴʲôֵƵıǼɫֽЩֽܻûǸֵǮ
λҿɱС⼸ֽ峯ʱڵֽд鷨òˣ׼Ϊһǧҡ
ٺõֽֽֽûҵֱʣҲֽûʲôֶóˣѾǮˣ
ӷ粢ǰ𱦻⼸ֽȤǼڵȴš
ǰ棬Ǹһ˵٣˵үƽϲдд鷨㽫⼸峯ʱڵֽȥĻ˼һܸ˵ġ
𱦾͸һͷģĻò˼µ֡
ʵүү⼸Ѿ̫ôд鷨ˣɼȻ峯ʱڵֽǾ͸Ǽʹᡯһȥɡ˵Ļ֤ĿģΪһƷɼȻ峯ʱڵֽǮҲߣȥүӻҲ
𱦽еĽмƸ˵ǧ
տʼһû˸ֻûʲô˹Ҳ֪𱦵ݣҸ
˺һѣԭΪ⼸ֽһģϾڳм黭ʦȴû뵽λӻֽȤ
˺εĽеľڳ˻ҸԼùɣ֪۸Ϳһˡ
ãӳǧûбǧߵģ
ĳӷ籾ΪҪٵȸСʱû뵽Ƿͷļһֽպø˳ӷᡣ
ǧһΣǧڶΣǧ
ҳһ򡣡
һڳȫתͷСʲôͷѽȻҸҪˣ𱦿⾩Сѽ
Ҳ벻˿𱦸ߵļ۸ҲԼԤļ۸񣬼Ȼ˽˸߼ۣܲӦһѽȻҸ֮ˣὫԼͷϵġ
ãλһʻбһߵ𣿡
תͷһ˵٣Сӿ治֪ôѽȥѵѵ
ˣһҲ㲻˼Ǯѹȥˡ
˵꣬𱦺һ塣
򡣡
ڳ˶һɣŷֽѣѾɵɡ
𱦻û⣬˵Ǿɡ
ʮ򡣡
˶˵ˣԩͷֻǮԼɲһ׬ĵ
˭֪ںӱȽǮصĶ࣬£˶֪ݵ£ܶӡ
ʮ򡣡𱦺
ĳӷһƽʮ򡣡
ðɣŷֽʮʲôʲôѽļҵǮﵷң
磬ҿǱ˰ɣŷֽбҪ𣡡ӷ罫ŷֽļ۸ôߣеʹˡ
ɳӷֻЦЦû˵
ʮ򡣡𱦽е
һ򡣡
ѾģСɡ
£ӵʱҵҡ
٣۸Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ܡ
ĳӷԹ˵λãڸǳˡ
磬Ǹô
СӻûעһģԱȥ䣬Ҫװɲʶҵӡ
ףҪǰɣû⡣
̰ճӷ˵
𱦺һʮ򡣡
򡣡
٣ٺˣȻɿˣ
ģСʲôߣȥ
ϣⲻ˵أԭүѽ
ֱһߵˣ
ôӣ㲻½ǼֽҰָպҪûǮĻǽÿɾͲˡЦ
㣬ô
ôֲҿģǽþͲٷϻˣûǮԶһ㣬ۡ
˭˭˵ûǮˣңҳʮ򡣡
гʱ𱦵ĶѪʮŷֽͷ֪ˣԼѽʱԼѾͷǰӿɲܶ
򡣡ӷֽмˣ۸ԽԽߣʹȫ˶ڲ²ӷݣһǸǮعӣȻܲʶ𱦣ӲΪ˼ŷֽгôߵļ۸
ӣôûǮˣϲǼֽĻǽýͳ֮һأǮɡ
ңǮ˭ҪԼҽˡңҳ򡣡
𱦸սг۸Աߵ٣ȻС棬ǲǽٸһ㣬ϾӸǧǮȽҪġ
΢΢˵ͷҲţСǰɣӾһȽ۸̧һǧӽҲҪˣøǡ
ȻڳȴڵſϷǶԣİСӼȻ۸ᵽôߣһٽȥģ
ӹȥˣӹȥˣʮӹȥˣĳӷȴһ仰Ҳ˵ˣǱߺУʲô¶ûһ
̨һѺٿ˿𱦣ǺµǸһΣڶΣڡ
һ¡
ʵ̲סˣ͵ָźĳӷŭģСʲô˼
ӷЦλ˼ʵûǮֻǵһֵطѡѼ۸ôߣʮӶ׬ѽ㲻ˣҿɾˣ
ѽѾģ챻СӸˣˣ
εĿ˿ˣЦ˵λС㣬ǲҪǼֽ𣬲øǰɡ
ɵưɣ򣬹Ҫء˵
Ǹղš
ŶղǿЦѡ˵
ǣǡ
ӣòûǮɣûеĻҲ˵ģû˸㣡ǽĵҪһ㲻Ǯ˵Ļͷţƾǽϵˣ
𱦺Σһƨʹĳ̨֣еľ˵峯ʱڵֽϲϲѽǹŶš
дѾĲǹŶȫҶǹŶ
ϲϲɵƣŷֽ˵ֽʲôأϴã۷ɻ棿
㣬ͱЦ˼ˣ˵ƷǴ˵еġʹᡯӢʮŮʴģǽһҪ
ûûⲻǽĿ𡣡
ʹԼҲΪʹᡱʱҲߣӲܷ쭡


123 ľǹӸ3
λѣעˡģǽϵѹƷʮ͵ӢŮʹᡯ̨ϵ˻ͬʱͼһģһɫĺӣӺ̨ߵ˵ߣҲѾģеĺӸ˿ںװһۺɫʯȫɷۺɫʯγɣȻ֮ɣ˿˹ĺۼ
Ϊʹᡱһȫվ˫۾ģеġʹᡱȥ˾֮̾
ĽȻҲ⣬ʹᡱе㷢
Ưѽһܹɡ
ӷڳΨһһ࣬λһҲûжӲмȥνӢŮĽ֣㣬ôҲЩһѽٻʹ
Ľ顰һ£ʵӷܵܣ˵ʹᡯǼٵģ
ⲻЩһҲֻƭƭ֪˶ѣ
˵˭֪ءĽ˳ӷһۡ
Ǻǣû˵㣬˵Щˡ
Ϊʲôô϶ʹᡯǼٵģ
ӷ˵ʵʮ͵ӢŮʹŷ޴½϶ʹᡯĴ˵˵ʹᡯӢŮһˣҲ˵ǱһӢŮʸˣ˵ʹᡯӢŮʹͱ˸͵ˣĴ˵ܶ࣬ʱƣ˵ҲءʮͣӢвŴһɿϢ˵ʹᡯʮ͵ӢŮʹǰͱĽʵǵʱӢŮʹǰʹᡯصʲôط
ӷش֮䡣
ⲻǷϻˣ
νġء޴ڣȫеطУ
ʲô˼ѽ
⻹ʣȻͱٵˣֻбٵĶ֮ܲ䣬ĻӢһ罫ʹᡯ˳ȫ磬ǵֻ֮ӢҲӵУûܱǸӸ߹֮⣬õġʹᡯǸó𣬹ͱĸָˣЩ֮ûг֣Ϊȫ֪ʹᡯʹʧˣ
˵ҲԡǣЩô֪ģ
ˣȥҼӢʷ鿴һ¾ˣ
ʱ̨ϵ˵ʹᡯĵͼΪһǧλ
˭ҸʹᡯҵˡͲ˰ѻ˵꣬𱦵ĴһһҲû˸ҸΪΪһʹᡱȥңĻܵõʹᡱҲûˡ
ӣǮ
Ȼ˰ԵҲû취ԼҲϰ壬ôء
ҳ
ҳһǧ򡣡
𱦵Ļ˸ˣתһѾģСӡ
ؿɵˣСӣͬķѵ㻹ڶβɣҪǰɣ㣬òǮĻܵġ
ӷܵܣˣ֪ǼٵĻ
㣬͵ſϷɡ
ӷ糯ڽȻӤʹһɫʾ׼ϷϾҪʼˡ
ͬʱӷҲѾǰ˹ȥǰʱװʶ£ֻǶ˵λ㲻۵Ļʹᡯɾˡ𱦴Цһ˵ȫ
̾˿ΪӷеֵģϾҪɷˣǡ
ʻûбһǧߵģûеĻʹᡯλˡһ
û˿ۣеľһ䶨ٵġʹᡱڳӷˡ
ȴЦСӣǮѽ㵹Ǹ
㼱ʲôⲻڿ֧Ʊ𡣡
ӷ罫һһǧ֧Ʊˣ˵绰ȥ֤ʵһ֧Ʊٰɡ
ٵģһǼٵġ𱦴˿еĻţѵֱСӸˣˣѾڰϻ
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㣬Ҵңҿ⾩һĹӡ
ľǹӸ硣
飬飬顭
ѽɱˡӢۣˣ֪ѽ
ӷŵӴʮӣֽŵĻӹƲʮӾ͹ˣҲǳӷʴȰɡ
ӷܵܣٴȥˣ˰ɡ
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ԵĸͷƵģȴŮˡһĹӸأҿǸͷβķ
Ѿ˹ȥʱľ𣬿ղžѾ˱˾򣬾첻ô죡
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ӣôҲ⣿
ѾôϻץˣоȻȥҽԺ
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ӷЦǾ͸һ˰ɣøϿоȻˣɱٸҼһıɱ
ȻӤó¼ֻһ绰˵裬Ǹ类ץˣԩˣҪıɱϵɡŶˣԷǸ˵


124 ưͿ
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Ҳϻóֻͨĵ绰Щ飬ɲһ׳

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绰ҶϣԽ˵ҲˣӲһ׳ģҲǽõġ
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˵⻰һɫһ䣬˵Ҳˣھǣ
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ص߶ţҲѾð˺ˮܿ죬ָֻԭı飬˵ѾǶʮǰˣѾˣʱѾȥˣõ̫ࡣܣûǴĻӦүӵٳɣ
ˡܡشǵģү
ȥ׼һȥһԼңͬʱҲ񻰣ǲͷۣҷû䵽ز
ڶʮǰ壬һԼңһǷҡֻϧһķ粨ʹķڶʮǰʼû䣬죬ңֻʣ·һˣҲꡣ
Ƿôû䣬û䵽ʣһھҲû˸ڷǰԼҵˣҲ췢κεĳͻΪүүսѣ֮֮⣬ڷı󣬻һɷǳصһɽڵ֮Ҳһɹϵ÷ھǺߣ
ĳЩ˵죬ǾĵһӸ磡
ȻԼңְֺޣүӣȴʹԽ죬еĹؼڣȻΪۣ


126 ƼҴţ
ΪǰʱĹϵӷѾϰ
ӷһ˳ţΪľȥ׼һΪʮĴˣʱ򽫻кܶ˵ȫ쵼ˣӷʮȻҪ⹫׼һˣ
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ΪţľͺܴϸҹȻҽȥҽԺ

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ѾܵԼҴԺǰſҲѾв쵼һһĳԼҴԺȥһ곯Լ˹Щ͵쵼ȫԱһ㣬һ˵ţ׳٣Сӿɱ֡
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ӷ纹һû뵽ưѾ֪ϴԼѹĺŵˣԼ⹫⼸λҲ֪ˡ
үүʵǼҵ⣬ѽûϵģұҵġ
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ƴţ˵ԼӷˣһϣѾģôһ˶ûСԼղ̫ܵˣӷûļ˵Լ
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ӷЦֵǸֱˬˣǿԳΪѵġ
˭ҪˣҴͷĸϻסһ𣬹ҲòȥЩˣǲ𻹶㲻𣡡
λǹЦưǾСڻѵྩȥ֮ûƵˣû뵽ӷ絹ǰѹġ
˿̣ԼһϵѾȫˣڴſڣĶϱ˽ʹ໥һۣӷƴţҲѾվ˼λ˼ҵߡ


127 ļһ
ҵһʹĴԺȫǡ
ֽ˶֪ҸԼǶͷҲûзλӣʱǾԲģԼүӴӲ飬ʹԽĲ񣬷˹ԺһȺ˸Խԡ
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ӷȻ⹫⣬˵壬ǰʵǲ˼ʲôҪĻ뾡ܿڣܰ쵽һƴǡ
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⹫үүҰأ
ӷһʣͼԶɽӣӿ˳ʹȫվķ
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ͬҲѾλ׼뵽ԼȻԽ
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үүףտ֡
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һ׳Ŀ˶Ѿ뿪ˣɼλүӶûߣۼһǰ飬ԽȻҲڡ
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ۣ鷢ʱɲպõձȥˣûļϻ˵紫ԲޣǶɲη㣬Щ˶֪Щȫ׼ҹųķ磬ΪľǳĿеĵλ
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˵ܲܶԸԯҲ֪ǸҶҶӵĻʮǰûɵ飬Ͷʮɰɣڡ
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129 Ϊ˸
ĽûиүүĽݼң˿ԼҴԺпһµӡ
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Ľ˿˵ӷܵܣͻྩɣʵڲھ
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Ľһ£˵ûʮǰȷ׷ңҶûŮ֮ĸ飬һֱܵܿҲûɹ˺ҡ
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Ц֪ѽӷ磬ŬֻҪΪһľ磬ܿסǸˡ
ӣӳ۵ĿǵòǸ֮ˣɳӷ绹һ⣬ʵ֣ҿ㲻ߣҲǹߣӲ߻Ա㵽һ͵ˣ
Цӷ磬һ˲ҪڣҲںЩˣֻϣԺܹĿģǰ°׷󡣡
һ˷𾴹ҲηΪ񻰰Ĵڣǻʲôֵںģ޷ԼˣԼ޶
ʨǵǸʨɵλĿһеĿʨͻȻǣңô񻰽񻰣


130 ʹ֮ս1
ҹ˱ɽ֮
ﰲϢȫǹҵҪǱ۾ӭõĺڰ֮ͻɽϣȻܱڰ˱ɽߣҲΪܳ׵ġ
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ˣϴεܲ⣬Ұ˿ɳô֣ȴȫྩ㲻ܸĻӦú
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ģԴΪҰ˿µѾõҰ˿ıӻĶӣҰ˿Ȼۡ
Ǿ鷳ˡ⣬ӷ˾ھŻ֮ǰǲ뿪ġ
ܺãӷ̫
ŷ˵Ҫ뿪˸ʱŷӲʲôƵģӿڴóһƿɫСƿӣˣ˵ǱµǶҩ֮Բ֮ҹͲᷢˡ
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ףһСĵģᱻڵ˷֡
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Ϊ飿ΪңҵĻ鱨ĹȥǺ飬˵ö֮
ӷ絽ڶû˯ҲȻĽ鲻ھǣټ죬Ǿྩȥɡ
ǣӷҲ֪⻻ϾҪˣԽ첻ôԼ뿪ģǱһֱڸԽȻԽ֧ϵɲЩôǿƣûԼĶӸָ֧ԽжģԣӷȻ֮ٻྩȥ
ӷһСʱҲѾؾƵȥˣӷҲûȥڸǸ󷨵顣
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ڳӷԣЩһΪϴεģû룬һŷȴЦЦһй˵ӷ磬ྩɵͦƯ𣬲ɱҰ˿ôˣʯڻҴҰ˿й鱨Ա֮ӣãҰ˿𣿡
ŷӵǰλӷеԾˣʱԼоرըǰʯͲ֪ѽЩһô֪ģ⣬ĺλʲô˼Լǵ鱨Ա֮ӣǵ鱨Ա˭
һʱӷûӦԽҸķ˸Щŷ޵ԱϵһȥɲôЩһĳԼģǵҲǳǿȫѾ˸߼ĳ̶ȡ
ǵĵʱྩʱļʱ֣ӷ綼ûսǴͷ˸ɵһʱ߼ˣӷӲƴĻƲܣӣԼ̫ˣû뵽Щһǹ⽫Լģ
˼ȻѾˣӷҲΪǻԼߣսǿ϶ҪսģһսָôУӷ֮ǰá
˵һͬʱֵĻǳӷֵĻᶼûУԼġ顱סһֹһǻʣأ
ӷû˿ʱͻȻҹֳһӰӰ˹ʹߵһ֮ϣʹĳӷļһȫתͷȥ
һŮˣ͵ŮˣһѩɫĹŵװƮݵ㷢òνǣһѺɫһ˫ڳӷ翴ͬʱҲѾ˳ӷ硣
ǣŮ˵ڲûɢκεϢҲ˿ĵ⣬֤ǸļһһģôʲôˣΪʲôΪʲôһ仰Ҳ˵ֻǾվţ·ȴһϷƵģ
ļһ˿ҲڲţǸйŮʲôͷĿʲôӷģǸպ·
ļһ໥һۺ󣬲ǸŮ˿ĶҲɵȥǣԼ˵Ŀǳӷ磬ǾȽӷɵ˵ɡ
ӷ磬˭Ҳס㡣Ұ˿Ե³

ӷһЦ˵һĵĹϣֲЩŷСǷɱңǾҪûǸˡ׼ӭս


131 ʹ֮ս2
ĸ֣Ǹ߼ߣӷĸҴ⡣
ڵȫһ˫ɫĳٵɿš
ԭйߣѹɱôˡܿϧΪӦˡӷ磬ڡ
ǿȥͷߵȫڿٵķű仯ͬʱĸҲʼ仯ֵǣྩǸͬһģ仯ĴСȴȻ֮ͬ⣬廹ǱԭĴС
ʱӷ粻̫룬ӣҪͬʱԼˣԼһĻ½޻ء
ССǶ˭ȹҡ
ৡ
һϰٰɫɵγһֱߣһ˹ȥ

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ӷתһֻһ˳Լڵļɽ˹һֻצȭɢŨҵҰϢ֮һĽӡ
СӣھҼʶһߵĹɡӷ˴
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ӷ絥ڼɽһ㣬ڿնʮʱӷһתת˹ҪԹ

˼ӷĻǿĻ棬Żʹ˵еܲסû˿һһǽֻѾεȭͷԼĳӷȥ
顣
ȭԣǿĻԳӷȫ˵ϣȴûֱӽڣȼ

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ô򲻹ȺŹ˵ЩļһҲ̫ûϢ˰ɡ
СӣٷϻǵĿҪٸ˵йʲô塣
ͬʱվһӷľҲҡ
˿̣ӷ֪Լֹܽͬʱӳ顱ֶסһˣԼġЩҲ𲻵κε˺ƾһֹҲܸɵһˣǻڳ˾ҪԼΣ
ӷ˫ۿһǰվһˣֿһѾӳˣĸڲûгӷǱ侲һӷƽĸֱվ˳ӷĸλӷΧ
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·ңԶǿգַ·Լߣ
ӷĸΧȻתͷվڹ֮ϵİŮˣֻǰŮĺɫҹ֮УͬʱǰŮڹ֮һӰʵȴѾǰѺɫǰס˺ɫĽһֻֽס˽
ҹ֮пȴǽΧЩȫۼ˹һǵصأľ˷ë
ԻຣޱߣͷǰҵͷߣųǰߣգΡأطն֮ﲻɱ֮֮ħ֮֮Ҳնν
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ӷеĪʵʲôˣ
Ψһһýָĸ׵ˣ֪ԼЩһȥĸװɡ
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ȳӷʣŮѾȥһ΢΢㡣


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ϣʹ֮⣬еһǿޱȣȴȽСڽͬʱ֡
ӷһŸӵģڵڶ糿ŻصңһԽȫ˿ڣҲѾ׼㣬ûһ˳ԣƶڵȳӷ硣
ӷ磬һܵʲôطȥˣ
ӷӴԺ߽Խʵʵ𴲺͵˳ӷķ䣬ɷǿŵģӷȴڷԽĽ飬ĽҲֻ˵ϸӷһȥ˯ˣͲ֪ӷš
ҲһӾƵ˹Ҫͷȴ¾ǵõԽԭ£һ治̫ҡ
ӷһϣҲϳڹʹǸŮˣ֪ʲôˣΪʲôԵ޹ʵĴԼһǿĽΪնνĽҲóӷ󾪣һУԲڡ֮£
裬ֻıȽ磬ȥˣ㲻õġ
ԽܲʮǰʧȥһζӣʮԲ˺ԼĶˣĳ֣ԽҲòڵ˻Լӵע⡣
ûͷˡӷ磬Ѿ׼㣬ǡ
յ⣬Խ˫һת˳ӷŵĺɫԽһʵӷ磬ѽǴģ
ӷ綼ˣǸŮ˲˵Լĸʶ𣬻˵֪˭ҪԼԼĸףȻˣԼôʲôֱʲ͵ˣ
ˣ裬һ㡣
Խʱתͷ˳һۣȴװûԽƵģѾǰ׼ˡ
ͣ˿ҲѾߵ˳ӷǰڶųӷеĺɫʵӷ磬ѽǲһŮ˸ģ
ӷ硰һˣôԼ⹫Ҳ֪ѵǶʶϳֵǸŮǸŮԼʶˣΪʲôֱŰݷãصģ
ӷشǵġϷ˵飬ڹʹһŮˣ˵ϰҵĴæ
ȻҪ֪ǸŮʲôˣǳӷҲˣ˵ϴྩҵˣҸǴһؼʱиŮ˳֣ңѽ⹫ҲʶǸŮˣ
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ӣԽɲʶǸŮôѽǸŮӦûϤô֪ӵѺɫŮˣһֽ
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ӷȴһͷˮʵ⹫ţôˣôôѽ
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ǸŮ˵˭ѽ˵Ψһһýָˣǲǵĳң
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ڳԶɽվһŵµŮˣŮòǣȴɢһַԵϢǿֲ
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ˣҪϢҲֻɽײĵʱˡ
˵ΪĻϣ㵽

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ʵÿ궼ȥһʲôһԼɷǲе֣
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ǣ׳Ͼȥ졣


134 ƴ
ϣһ׳ȫԼҡ
һ׳ǱҲѾչ˶ǮΰҲ˵Ĵģ飬ԽڼҵʱҲ˳ӷܶ࿴ֱ죬һڶˡ
鷿ڣһ׳ʮߣ˵û뵽շҹѷѽ²ӷ緢ֵ磬µʱƲ˵ľƣ
ӷ֪һ׳ǲ鵽Щʲôʵһ׳鵽ЩѾ϶𣿡
ǵġѾҵʮǰסɽˣ֤ʵǸɽڸûǮΰˣԭǮΰֻһݶѣЩÿȥһ˺Ϊ˱κЧʵвǾǱˣ
һ׳Ļӷ絹ǺͿʵǾǱˣΪʲôҪļԼĹңô˵Ҳйѽ
˵»Ҫʮǰһ˵𡣲ĸ׽вΪʮǰι쵼ˣȴΪͼ̨񵳣ߵ鱨̨Ǳߣ±ˣǹˣȫҲ¥ɱˣû뵽ΪŮȻûıһݣŷǱߵ˹ϣһγҡ
Խ˵Ϊ˱𣬵ȴ˶Բȫ飬ǾԲܷŹҪϽãϾʮ꣬ǲ֪ﻹĶ鱨ָŷǱ߶ٹ鱨
˵㷢˲Ϊ飬룬Ŀһ㣬һڻ죬ŷǱߵɱģһʱִǿɲһ˵飬ңΪЦġ
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ӷ˵ǵĵྩʱҪץȥӢѣҼǵĵʱǸͷ˵һ仰˵ҲҪҹδᣬҾãǵĿӦ衣
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裬ˣǴӾίϯֱģҹԪ˧Ůͳȫľӣһ£һҵһҹľӣҲ²⣬ԷĿľҪҹľӴңĻǽ¾ͻɵĶࡣ
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Խίϯô꣬ľӶѾϰԽһ׳˵ǸλϣҲҪһʱȥӦģǸʱ⣬ǿɲС鷳ѽ
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ӷ粢֪ôϵҸҵˣҲֻһ׳ȥϵˣ
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ʵ뵽ʱ裿
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Խ˵Ǿ͸һνĻɣ
һ׳ЦˣʱгŽ죬ҲͲõĽİȫˣЩˣӷ磬μλүүɾҪ鷳ඡ
ɷģܵһ鷳һɱһһ˫
һ׳ɫеѿ˵⻹治ǳԶɽӣ۵Ķѽ


135 սǰĥ
֮ۿҪˣʱӷʲôҲûɣҪЩˣҲûһڳӷߡ
ྩǱߵӷȴǴһ绰پپ˵ͤ󣬶ǰﷴûʲôӷţͭһʹ˰ݵģҲΪĹϵ׿ԷҪȻ󣬶ǰ붫ĴսʽչɵǸʱҲûͭ˵ķˡ
ӷܵܣʱ俴ȥͦɵҲȥһ԰̵𣿡
ĽմĽݼҹͼӷڴԺ￴飬ȻӤѾͷҲѧȥˣүڸУǹ֣ǸүǾһȺ˲裬ʱ顣
ӷЦûѽھﵽһƬͣ˶Ϊ֮׼ţܵȥҲûʲôģڼ￴ء
Ľ˵԰ɡӷܵܣɱҵɵϣЩүүүүүүүүǼһҰȺҲ쿪ᵽСҲ绰ң˵Ǭɽкڹȫ˼ƵģྩҲǵӰңЩǲѾ˾ǣ
㣬ྩǱߵô֪ѽǺڹǽ⣬ȥ˰ɣǸôӦñҸȥˣ磬ӦйҪæԲûྩģ
ĽߵӷǰĶųӷ˫ۣʵûƭңûʲôҲ֪飿
ᷢʲôѽбҪƭ𡣡
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ĽЦЦٿһˣʵ˭ܸң⵽ô£ЩΪʲôȫܵˣ
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ڹ˵ǱߣＦǼѾڼˣֻҪǸĺӴＦǾͻ֪ͨǣѾǣǧҪ˵ˡ
ӷ˵ͷٿ˿ʱ䣬˵컹ʮСʱҲ˵ʮСʱ֮ǽһ޵ĴսһսΪҵļ壬ǹϵȫİΣһʲô⣬ڳˣΪǧˣ㣬ϣҪ
ֵܣĺˣһʧġڹ˵
ܺãǴҾ㾫ֻҪЩһ֣ͷſһս⹫ҲѾһаźˣʱǵġ
ӷ˵꣬Ľߵƴţǰ˵ţοɲ棬ǧˣȻүүһ㡣
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ǡ


136 Խλ1
峿ĵһ˶ϣĴӣǱȻѾźˣķ棬õģǰۼеƣҲѾͳͳɢȥ
ǣȫ£ÿÿ˴ССͬĹ죬ֵϵгҲ⣬ÿĹй֮޲
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ԼҴԺ֮ڣӷҲѾе׼ֻԽ߳Ժ֮ţҲ˵һսѾʼˣЩŷ޵ʱ֡
ûдԽվ˿ſڣҲôҲ˵Ժ󶼲ٴˣΪ󣬽ʮʮ꣬ھеһˣеͷҵĵڶ쵼ˡ
үӷ޺οĿԼŮԽҲΪλеˣҲպһ׳ݣʵǿη塣
Ϲ٣ŮѾʼİˣٹ꣬㵱ûϵλӣŮȥġ
ͼ˫ۺᣬּ˵ܳһԽŮʵڲѽΪŮ֮ȴжϵǼӣҲοģ
ԼЩѪûаҲûʲôˣ
ͷӣô˵ӣŮˣ˵ʲôѪѽ
Ͳ֪ԼŮ֮߳ʱΣգҲûн¸Ϊľǲģ
̫ţǶ˵ˣͽΰɣ
ãáϹ٣Ҿⳡôе㲻̫Ծѽ
ʱע⵽ڴԺЩӣôһһѽ˵ǵ飬ϴ·
ӷ磬ЩǴģʵ
ӷЦһ£˵̷ǵģҲһЩ
ʱ򣬻ƴţżææܽ˴Ժڴ˵˼˼һ㡣
ȫ˻ƴţһҲǴžɻƴţϵľ͵һЦ˵ţôֵľˣ
ƴţǾľξȻϽⲻòͷʹ⣬ǬһϵľΣ׵Ҳٽ˵ЩһﶼŶѽô߼ľǲֱӸ߱
˵ϰľ˽нǼϵľȫ¡һСƨȻ˽̫ˡ
װɷǳӣΪľǸͣЩںֻ֣ȥֶѣɲĻֲܸŶ
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׳ʱѾˣǸóȥˡ
һ˴ӴԺ˽Խһ˵
Խ˵ͷת˵֣裬ҾȳˣǽͲҪȥˣڼҿֱɡ
˵ôУһԼ̫һȥء
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ǳӷ簲ŵģλүӸϷȫԼңȻ˱ǣŵĻܻΣա
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ӷ˵⹫ţǾͷĺˣӣһ֣ȴġ
ӷ⻰ȻģҲǵ˵ͷ˵ӷ磬ǾԼŰɣǧ鷳ȫֱѽ
ӷҲԣƸҵļŮ˽еԽǰ˵裬⼸λҵѣʶһ´棬͸߰ɡ
Խ˵ͷŮ˿ɶͨˣÿһ˵ʵǬ֮£弶Ĺߡ
ǰڵϼԽΣҲǳԽǵȽüû뵽ԼȻһԽıڡ
á
ԽЦЦ˵Ƕӷѣͽ԰̰ɡ
Ǻã԰̣͸ˡ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
ӷߵѾ˾Ǭɽƴţǰ˵ȥ֮Ǿ̻⹫Ѿźˡ
ƴţ˵OKûģڣ˭Ҳ԰̵
֮󣬳ӷڹǰ˵һڶԱע۲죬һֿ̽¡
ֵܣģɲǻһСĵġ
˵꣬ڹ߳˴Ժ
磬һ鷳ļλʦֵȵȥǱҲѾźˡ
̷Ըļʦֵܳ
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⹫Ұ˵޴ڣǲù
ǺãǴҶҪСġڳɡ
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磬Ҳóˡ
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˵̫ţĺˣӷзִ硣㿴ϻѾˣǻȽӸֱɡ


137 Խλ2
ȫڹעһ̣ǵҲȫۼ찲Ź㳡ͨ㳡֮·Ľֵߣźʻ֤ԽǺεȵĵġ
վһ쳵ϵԽ΢ЦͣĳߵȺ֣ԽĳϣҲʮֵľ˫۾ͷתͬʱΧɨţÿһڵҲһ룬ʲôʱʲô£ֻҪһ֣ǽԽ
С㣬ǱûзʲôԾĵط
˵ĶϣȫҲǳӷͰź˵ģÿһ˴һͨ
û˿ĿǰûС
ɴ⣬Щһʱ֣ҸڽֵߵĴ֮ϣһʲôֻܱͿˣ飬Ǵ
ֵģİܵ˿˺ĻǾͿһлˡ
ˣֻҪСһ㣬Ӧòµġ
ٿ˿ߣҲѾע⵽˺ڹˣȫȺУŶԼһֱûһ˸⡣
ע⣬ֿֱߵʮ״ɫװŷˡ
ڹһ仰ʹĳӷȫԽڳϵ˫ȭյķǳһʲô£Ǿͻ̻סԽ졣
ڹ˿ĿΧڴ֮ϵĳӷҲѾ˵ڹҪֻǸͨ˶ѣ
ڹ̽һԼֵĿһӷĻֹͣ
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ӷ绰䣬ڹ̴˽ĿΧŷŮҲڵһʱԼΣգɲӦڹѾˣһ֧˽ȥ
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ӷ̶ǰԽ˵԰̣µеΧĴ׼ǹ¶ˡ
ƵĻԽ첢ûתͷûתȻǱЦݣ߸ΧȺʺñ˵ȫ˶ңҲܻرܣҲÿλĹأұȫʺá
ǡ
ҶµĻԺô쵼
ƺΣҲûȰԽ죬ǶԷɢΧĳӷ˵ֵܣڷΪһǰ濪·ǰΣȫһϺ˴ӺͻϮһͬһ·Уڰб
ӷ˵ãҸ翪·ڹ˶Ϻ󣬱ɽ˸һͬǰС
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ⲻҲûۿ˵Щ˸ʲôǰСǶǶûעȥɵǡ
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ֵܣȥҵĸλȰҿһ¡
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ӷתһͼ֪һȺʲôҲѾȺУǬ˵ǼѾǸ㶨ˡ
Щʲôˣʵ
ұ̷û´ĻЩӦǾߵֶӶԱ
ӷ绰䣬ͼǰȺе̧ͷԴ֮ĳӷһOKƣ˼Ҫӷģͽˣ


138 Խλ3
һĻڣλһ׳λ⼸λ쵼ȫۼڴˣȴڣΪû϶׳λӶˬȴ벻鷳ȥ
ӽһ·ͦ˳ģŷ޵Щ˲ûж֣߻ûж֡
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찲Ź㳡ϣԽѾڳӷ˵ıµֱȥ
ֵܣǱߵôˣˣ߿ɾҪ³ˡ
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ڹ˵ֵܣģҲѾȫɾˣ
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ںֻ̨ʣ³ӷˣʵֵܣʲô
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µͷֵܹȻܵãҾȥˡ
˸͸λ󣬳ӷóֻһ绰ＦʵǱߵôˣ
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ʲôԾģ˵
Ǹ˼˺ҲûгţڸӴЩҲûκεĶûеǱȥڹ֡
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ӷһᣬͻȻãмˡＦϴ˸Ϲ
ڹȥЩ˸ô죿ǲǣǿ϶ܵģ
ǸͲˣǶŵЩˣҲѾԭЩˣȫݣѾһݣȫڴ׼֣
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ͻȻӷȫǿҵġ֨֨ʹĳӷ̽ٴϺÿһ˵ûˣ
Ȼǿҵ粨ǵͨѶѶţ


139 Խλ4
̨ϣһ׳Խλ쵼˵ĹʽѾʼˣֻһɣһ׳ʽ˵ίϯλְһʱ䣬ݣҲѾǹҵĵһ쵼ˣȻԽʽ˹һְΪ˹ҵĵڶ쵼ˡ
һ̣ȫһĻҲѾֱͨ͵ȫÿһ䣬ǣʱȺȫվһ̣üǿʮͬλɢ˳
ں̨ĳӷд󾪣ΪĹϵ޷ڵһʱ֪ͨԼķ֣ڣɢһǿʦڴ֮ڵļʦֵܡ
һʱ䣬µļʦֵͻȻ˵ŵλߣڵǿȫɢ˳ȴûймйˣǽǸ˸ѹλϣʹһҲˣɣǸй˾˵ŷ˼µļʦֵܵľٶӷŲһ亹óֻһ绰ڹ
ŵΪŵʮλʮŵڰ˸λȫǸסκһ˳֣һһʰ
˳棬һսǽȫֻţЩöҴҵڴɱһȫʲô뷨϶᲻õ޷ȫУȫҵģ
ţӷִһ绰׼ⳡ볡̶ץˣܷŹڳκһˡ
ӷ绹֪ͨǬһͷһ㣬ڹǸµǼʦֵ޷ȫסĻȥ֣ڸͲȳӷǬĵ绰ͻȻʮ֧ϷΧʮڣ̨ϵԽ˹һԽǸڳûз֣ӷǵһӦĵõͬʱڵȫɢ˳ЩԽıΧӲǽЩȫϷ
ǣסЩҲ򵥣ӷ䶨סʮ֧·һǿƶƵģڲͣĳ̨ϵԽƶţ
ӷѾͷ󺹣Ѿ߽׶Σ޷ӦʩԼһ֮Ҳһܽеıֹ
ڣǰǬҲѾע⵽ϷɽƴţƵȫɢ˸Եӷһʹʮ֧ʱûٶһ¡
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ֵܣٻʮˣ
µӷǳ˵磬ȥＦǻϣֻҪһҪģȥԸˡ
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²ٶԣڴڵ˻ѾסˣֻҪ˲ӷסЩǾͲᷢң˵Ҫȫ棬ǷΪжһԽǰ·Щڶݳйڵһһȫ棬ǵǰ޷ֵĻǵԽ߳õһ̣ˣҲǵ᲻һеͬʱƣԣ±ҪԽ֮߳ǰ˸
˹Ϊǿģƾ¸Ｆܲǣӷʵûѽ
ȥǰ취ұ뽫ЩϳȥУ
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ΧĽ֮¸ոϵＦѾΪüӭˣӷǬҲѾϵ
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ļһͱǸˡá
ӷһպó֣˭֪Ѿ˵ϣÿһ˵ͷǣȫ˷飡˾ȻԼ֮ǰѾ˸ɵˣӷǬ໥һۣ˵˭ɵģ
Ǭҡҡͷ˵ѽղо⼸˵ôôˣ
ˣһȥ
ӷǰһһղһ˵˵ϣͬͷǱ˷顣
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ڴ֮ҲǴõĲŴһĸŮȫεڵأƶһվԽǰ쵼ȫһӲ뿪Ǹһţžͱر
СǶȻ
ǰһˣûһһѣͿʮ궼ôһˣգۼͽԼĸøڵأҲһҲˣ˵Ҳǳѡ
СѾͷǲŵķǳáҲ̫СҰ˿ˣ֮ǰЩˣȫҵӣǵ˸ϳȥ֮ѾԸΪҰ˿ˣΪľɱλ
ԭЩ˲Ǳ˸ɵģǡɱģΪľǽӷǸȥԽߵı
Խ˵ǵļƻôܣҲܡ
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ԽһҲţΪҵĵڶ쵼ˣȻС
˵԰̣ߣҵס
йѾͷƾôɡ
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ڲŹ֮ǰԽ컹תͷһۡ


140 군
ֵܣѾϺ뿪õʱСȫ˱ͽҽԺ˼ʱǸҲѾɵˡ
˾ۼ찲Ź㳡֮ϣʱ򻻽ѾһжѾΪ˶֣ȻԽѾϺҲ˵Щŷ˵ļƻѾʧˣ
ӷǲ֪֮ǰЩôģõǱʲôɱģ
ǱߴϢֵ˿һռǿߣô˵أʲôǿڲɫ֮ͽɵˣ
ʱȻֻԽһ֪ӷȴѾµһ
ӱϿһжѾˣΪ˷ֹٴηλһܷŹˣղû˷ˣ
໥һۣȴûһ˷˳á
ãһ֪ƻʧܣҪܡ
ƴţ˵ĺˣѾүүеĳڸӵҲѾȥץˣܲˡ
Ӻ绰˵ѾڻվץסģʱһˣûҵκһԱ
⣬ҲѾȥң飬ô˵ҲдȻǲ֪˵ʵݣ˱Ͼӣô˵ҲҪ֮ܶǸɲȥˣһϢϵЩһȻҲΪԱȫԽǱߣ뽫ٸԽΪˡ
ϲֵܣڿ̫үˣԺҪһֵѽ
ǬһЦ˵ҸԼұͬһϵģһ˹һˣүһˣԽһˣڣӷȫµһˣֻҪӷλ̫ү˹ϵպЩ˸Եļ壬Ҳܵӻ
ӷЦˣʲô̫Ӳ̫ӵģһǰǸңǸտʼʶǸӷ磬Ҳ·˵λԺĳɾͣҸء
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ں˵ʲôҾ㣬ݺңȻ
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һЦȻ鵽һҲûʲôˡûҾǺ飬޸㣬һΪҸױ𡣡
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141 һߣԶ
ԼҴԺһƬЦǬȫۼҲԺˣΪƲǺأҲҪҽԺ۲죬ֹߣеһ¾Ϳˡ
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142 ྩ
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146 1
ϰ˵㣬ྩĳͥԺһɫװıڸΧڴſڣ߸վƱдԱˣЩһǸߴͣȴӵر֮ˣֻЩͨıڶѡ
ͥԺſһȺȺŮٳȥڽŵʱ򣬲ʲôˣҪȽ뺯ſڵ˿Щ˵ҲһɨĶɨ뺯һɨͻֱ١
ÿһе뺯ɫͬĿǰΪֹǺɫɫ֣ûɫ
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˵ܲٲܲپ͵λ̫үˣһȥӭӰɡ


147 2
ȫǵٵľǴϰ壬ӷʵι˵ŮЩΪ̷ЭģֻʱԼԼ֪ѽ
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߹ǬոһЦ˵һ֣ӷ̵ͷǱ׽ʶңȻˡ
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148 3
ֻ̨˼䳡滰ǾǾǮ˭Ǯ࣬˭ϴ󡣵Ȼļֻⳡ췽ԼҲҪǮģǸҴͷĴ̵壬ྩǮ˶ֻҪǴͷ֮ȫأвͬ˷ᡣ
ȥҲǸ˵ˣͬʱһЩС̨һЩƷʲôģǮ˾һҲΪ˱ϵĺÿ
棬ǲ̹ӸФһĿֻҪԼŮͲȥںⳡᣬҲûҪǮȻФҸһеȨƸģҪĳЩǾС׼ˣңФҸҲǱȲϵģΪˣŻἱҸȨǮŮĻԼФҸҾͲῪʼû䡣
̹ӣ绰ŮɣԺҲþϵѽ
Ȼھ̹ӶԼŮ˼Ȼץסᣬȥˡ
̹ЦǣǣܸФС㾭ϵҿ֮ѽ
˵̹꣬ӽԼֻФФȴһҲںӣǶûмǣģҽФֻ˲̹ӣ̹쵽Լȥ͡
Ů˲ҪײҪǲ̹ģνţȴǵԸģФҲû뵽Լĸֻһף֪ĻԲܹ
֪ФСƽﶼЩʲôѽǿһ𣬵ʱҿԴФСȥġ
Фһˬ飬

̹ӽӴŮ˷ǳ࣬ϲ顢Ůͷһ
̹еΪѣɲǸˣϺҸ̨̼ҲһСһ̹ôܻǸһϲЩʲô֮Ķ
̹ӲҪᣬΪŮڶѧպǶϵ⻭ĿǰĿҵҵ֮Ҳǽٳ̳ʱҪ̹Ӷѽ
ФˣȻҸǧôԵҵϰӦõġҲ˵̳ˣǲ̼Ҳ֮£ڹٳھҲʶһЩ߹٣ֻҪФС㵽ʱҪܸҴ绰OKˡ
˵⻰ʱ̹ӻһԱߵǬԣֻǸСҶѣԼʶЩǸ߹ٸûȡȻ̹ӼȻ뷨Ǿ˵Ͳʶһ߹٣ûʸȥӴĸ߹١
ǬЩɢˣҲܣ̹ô˵ô˵ɣ˵˵⻰пҪŵ㣬ǧ˵Щ˵Ļǲ̼Ҳڵκˣ
Ǽ̹ûһɻһФ˵ǳģԱߵɽ˵⹫ӣ㿴λ̹ȥʲô°ɣ
ɽתͷһۺԼСһĳӷ磬˵˭֪أλ̹Ҳ̫ˣ̨ˣ̨壬Ҳֲ˷ѽ
ǻ浣Ļ£̶ԱߵĲ̹˵̹ӣ㿴ǲǸþˣ
ǣ㲻˵Ҷ¸ˡðɣȻû˿ڣҾʹͷɡ
̹վ˵ǴҾӦһ㡣ɣȾһǧ򣬴ҾԼŰɣ
һ⻹Ǯѽھһǧ
̹ӿ湻ģ̨̼ҲΪ޵ڶĲƷѽ
Ф˿ˣҲֻǴͷѡ
ȻֶһǧҲʲôѽ
˵ɣȻҶۣǾͲҪϻһһڡ
ҹһڣҲ˵һǧɱ̹Ӷ˺ܶࡣ
̹Ӷ֪½ʲô˼һ¾ô࣬ŲԼ
￴Ų̹ӣһʱ䲻˵ʲô
̹Цҳһ㡣ȻǶǧټǧɣǧ򡣡
ĲҪԣĳϣӲܶ
λһȫҲѾʼǮˣżԺһ˵ͷһǲмĿһ۲̹ӣ˵žڡ𡣡
ҪǰɣͲˣҪԼȥǾ˵̫ˣ
ǳŲ̹ģ̹Ҳ֪Լ֮ǰ͸Ǹеìܣʱ̹Ҳܲѽ
ټʮɡ
Ǯ㣬û˸һɡǮͲܶһ𣬷Ҫ˼ƨɺߣ
һЦ̹ӣҾ̨̼ҵĲʮǲ˵㡭˵ǲǣ
ȫһǡ̹֪һ£ȴԼǮ뼤ǰɣǽ㼤һ¡
ټʮ𡣡
̹ӻ䣬ŵĽһֻ§סФ˵ǮųûŵͬǰǸҾ١
̹Ӻϰߵ§ФФȴһ͵ȫô˵桰žһȻ˲̹һĶ⡣
̹ӣһ㡣
һĻ˶ˣǳԾû뵽ԼŮᶯִ̹ӣ˵ⲻǸ
̹ܹѾɫ࣬ݵĴӣҪȻҴң㲻ˡ
̹ӣ˼Ůġ
ҹһ򡣡
̹˵ҪФ֣ǼһĻס˲̹ӣ˵̹ӣ˼СѾͷ£ǧŭѽ
ʱ򶼲˵ˣҲΧ˹
̨̹ӱһСѾͷˣɱᾫѽ
ӹΪίǺ˲һ仰Ҫ̨

ͻȻһЦ𣬾Ⱥ֮˵һ仰Ϳί̨̹ӣôȨѽ


149 4
Ⱥɢ˿ӷȺ֮ߵФǰ
ĵ黹Ƿˣ֪ĻӦ㽫̹ӸѾ̫ˣ̹ˣŮ˴ʹ˰ݣȻͨŮһ˵ʲôҲɵȥЩŴٵ飬ФһǳӷѣӷôܿԼѱ˺ߣĿǰҲ֪Фӷ絽һ͵ѣŮѵĻǹƽ̹û뿪ྩˣ
һӷȻҲڳеŭӷ磬ҪĶ㵽ľû¡Ҿ㣬ǵ飬ֲܡӷ粻˷ѿ࣬Ҳ̫ʧˣûȥһۣĻӷ·ûƵģǶФʵСû°ɣ
Фվ˳ӷ£ӷԶҪԼĸ׿ɿ٣ӷ粻Լܵ˺
ҡҡͷѾ˼û취̹ҵģ֮ǰҿǾ㣬Ȼ㲻ϵùɡ
̹Ҳ벻ȻվԼԣųӷҲǲм˵СӣʶϹһ򡣡
ӷЦһ漴ҡҡͷ˵ѽɱѽ
Сӣ˵˭ɱ̹ʵ
ԣˣ֪Ǯȥұˣѵྩ̨壬̨壬˲ҪľٶѵͲɱΪĸĸеֵá
ӷɲôҲǸ߿״Ԫǣ
̹ӵŭѾ˼㣬󺰵ǣǿɱңȻͱҲˡ
ѽ˭ѽЩ˿ɲҳ飡
ģڳԲһ˸ҳֹġ
СӣȻ֪԰ɡ
̹ӣܻǸ˵Щеûķϻ
㡭
˵ӷ磬㲻Ҫ֪ߵغ񣬸̹˵
ɲΪղŲ̹§һԼŮ޲ȥƵ꿪䣬췹أȻǰŲ̹˵ˡ
ĳұ붯ֵģɼȻҴǡ
顣
Ͳȳӷ˵꣬ͼӳӷһų޺޵ߵ˲̹ӵĶϡ

̹һҽУ¿ɾˣһ֮ڱŮ˴˵̹ӣǶѼȥඣ
ϻʲôѽֵĻ
̳ȥĲ̹Ǽţ꣬ͼʮ˹һʱ佫̹Ӹ
ӣû°ɣһ̨ǻıʵԣǲ̹Ӵ̨Ǳߴˡ
ģʣϸӸɵ
ǣӡ
ӷ罫һЦȻˣⳡҲˣĴɡ

ӷӰһһȭͽǴͷıڸڵأʮͬʱӷ˹Щľӷһȭֻգ۵Ĺȫ˵ϡ
һĻֱɵۣû뵽ӷǸթƭ֮⣬ȻǸָ֣
ӷ磬ʲô
ӷѾ̹˹̵˲̹ӵǰ
Фˣе㻳ɣСǲġ
˵ʲôƨ
ڵ˭˵ƨϸÿ
ɻҪͽ̨̼ңԼŮ̹ҲûϷֻҪԼܽӷ̹֮Ҳ̫Լġ
û뵽ǣӷȻһֽԼƵڵء
ӷ磬쵰ңǣϱСץߣ
ҡͷ̾һۡ
ǣҿɾ㣬̹ྩ£ɵ𡣡
Фˣ㻹侲һ°ɣ˼Ҳ̹Ӹ졣ңǹۿ˵׵ëҲøĸˣᵹùġ
ǣ㡭
ӷʱһѽ̹Ӹ̹ŵɫ࣬ʵ㣬ʲô
ʲôҸղŲѾ˵ѾˣǴܡ
ž
һ˲̹ӵϣ̹ǡĴһ
Ҵң֪ʲô𣿡
Ҿ֪ʲô˲Ŵģ֪һˡ
ž
㣬㡭ǣ㡭
ž
˭ҲȲ㡣
СӣҪǹ㡣
ž

ӷЦ˼ʶЩ쵼ûʸǹҡ
ž
̹ӱġۡһ˳
ɳӷȻûֹ֣ͣʮ⣬̹ӵ˰ӡ
֪ôд𣿡
ӷ翴ŵڵϵĲ̹ʵ
̹ȴǺݺݵĵųӷ磬Ҫ˵ȴֲ˵
ʱΪԾû뵽ӷ֪̹ӵݺȻҶֽ̹ӸѵҪ̨̼ҵĲһٴΡ
磬ǹûУӷʵ
ɽΪߣҲǹֵˣǹȻֻûùǹѣҪԼǹĵˣǹҲסԼ
һӵɿ׼˿˷ˣ
ɽγԼǹ˳ӷ磬һĻһ
СʲôѽȻǹѵɱ˲̹Ӳɣ
㣬ʲôңҿɾ㣬ǧ𣬱𡭡
顣
ӷһ仰û˵ֱһǹ˲̹ӵ֣˵ֻǸ㣬ԺֽŷŸɾһ㣬ֻһֻ֣һҼӵԸ

ɱƵĽȫÿһ䣬ӷЦ˵̹ӣղŻ˵ǹأôԼһӵԲѽˣ綼ᱻǹеģǶೢӵζȽϺá
Ҳ鶼Ѿչˣλ˼ᵽ˽ϣλǽϵ飬˭˵ĻԸ
ûɵӣɵӹҲͲ̹һѣǲŲὫµȥ˵ӷǸǹ˲̹ӵģͨ˵Ļ𣿴ǾԲң
ӸСӸմǳзӦСʵ֣λʲôѽȻǹ˲̹ӣ̨̼ǲŹģѣҿǰһ°ɣ
Ҳ˵ѽִ֣ˣ˭ҲסСӣǸϿ취ܲܺͽɣҵ̹Ӧòġ
˵ǾͲΪλֵܵˣй˵飬Ǿûܽˣ
˵ÿһ仰ǿջȻ˵ˣǾһ¡
ǣӷ絽ʲôˣùӸСӲȤ
֣֪ܲ͸¶һݣҲǺи׼ѽ
޵һ̵ļ̳˾Ȼ˵ݷǳԺգȽɫ˵ġ֮ǶλԺѧװӰɣ̹һܻܲŻ̨廹˵أ
ӸСͷ˶һ䡣
ǣͽˣһ
ӷ˵ٿһȴҡҡͷû˵
һȵĿųӷԼŮ뿪ߵǰʵǣǲʲôҲ֪ѽ
ǿЦФˣͺΪ֮ɣ˳ӣФҸҲ㵽ͷˣ
ϣͨеĹϵȥӷ飬ϧǣû˸Ҹ
̹ҲѾЩͽҽԺΪʧѪĹϵϳӷһǹ˲̹ϵҪ񾭣ʹ־ˣ


150 ྩ1
ܲ
ϵǶѾ֪ˡղ̵С̫קˣȻྩţҸоҪҪȥ˻ҽԺ
飬Ѿ֪ˣྩĵͷϸӷԣǲô
ӷЦǸ̹Ǿû뿪ྩģҶ֮ʱעҪô
پ˵ԸӦòֳϿǹѽǲбʲô⣿
ĸлپȽ˽ҡûôǹǸ̹Ӵˣ˶̨֪̼ҵļ̳ྩ̹ྩʲôµĻض̴ȫ£Ҳһ᳹׷ġ
Ǿ̹ʲô£ͳΪɵĶ𣡡֩˵
ҪʲôطˡڱĵطȻΪɵĶ󣬿̹ڶǰܲأ
롭޻ǰʵ
ûԲ̹˵ԼҴˣһŹҵģҲһҪҵﲻ̨壬̹ӵĵ̣˵ڱ˵ĵϣ̹ӻʲôɱң
׷شɱˡ
ûྩ̹ӻʲôأ
ҲֻǶǰˡپش
ԸȥҶ֮ˣ˭Ҹ̹ӽӴĻɱ⣬Ҫ̹ƵǰǱȥֻҪһǰͭ棬׷꣬Ϳˡ
׷ɱֳȻ֪ô
ģһʧġ
ǺãӸѼͭҵķ֤ݣҾͳᣬƶһǶֵٶȡ֮ڣң׿ңң𡣡
ྩҽԺһ䵥˲ڡ
̹ӽԱߵжȫýߵҽȫ˳ȥԭǸոҽѾ˵˶񾭣Ǳˣ㵽ȥƣתĻҲֻаٷ֮ʮ
ԼӽԺ󽫱һˣ̹ȻǱףҽȫ˳ȥЩڣҲҿ̫
˵Ǹ˵Ȼҷһֻ֣Ҫȫ⡣
̹ҧгݣҲΪĹϵ˿ڻǳʹ̹ƽƽŭģһ˵ǼϸӽСҳɱ
ǮȻܵģеʱûǮȴܡò̹˵ɣɱһˣֻҪѴѵǮȥƻΪ
ڵǣЩҲҪǸ²ѽ
ӣǣǡ
һȺûõķôǮǣؼʱȴﲻһæ
̹˫¶׹⣬ȻԼЩûãҲֻõˣ
ϸȥһ£ྩǸڵɵΪǿ󡣡
˵ӣѾˡڵྩΪһΪǰһǶ
ЩѾµλӻôҲ֤ɱ²̹ǰûٸɹȻ²û֮ǰͽһжˣ
ĸֵΣȻҪɱˣҿɲ鷳
ڻشǰྩѾܶˣͭǶҵķ֧ԱྩĳЩ쵼оĹϵǳáڶǽ²İɣ˵Ǿྩǰɣǰƽྩĵ
̹һ£˵ôİɣ϶ǵĹ֮ϸȥϵһǸϴ󣬲ܳǮֻҪܰɱǸСӾˡ
˵ӣҲĸˡ
Ϊʲô
˵ϴྩһʱǰٰϹȥæ˸ɱˣڶǰǷһµȫˣǸҲǡ
˵ģȻǳӷⰲŵģʱ򣬶ȥǰ潻ĻǾͳɵˣǶ֪ӷǶͷɲҪʱڴҲһˣ
ȻˣǾȥϵǰֻǵİ棬ûʸ̸⡣
ǣϾȥϵǰİ
̹Ӻݺݵ˵С֮⣬ӣҶӶ֣һ
ڶϣ̹Ǳڵİ£ʮͭ棬صڶǰܲ
ͭڵ̨֪̼ҵļ̳ҪԼ̸ʱȻˣ˶ӣǮҪ׬ģֻҪ̨ܸ̼ҸùϵպǲԴˣ
ͬʱĺ»ͭȻ̣׿Է˹Ҳһһλ޵ڶƷļ̳˰ɡ
̹ӽǰܲһ̣׷Ȱ˶ǰܲһӿڣһóֻһ绰˵Ҫ
ڵλãҪʲôԷһʵ
̨ϼŵĲ̹ӱǰˣصڶǰܲ
׷ǳ򵥵˵һ͹Ҷ˵绰ֱӽֻ˵ϣһŲȳɷ顣
ྩĳɳһԱչҶһ绰̳˱ңһҡ
ڻüͱȽϴľڿᣬǵȴľԱˡ
ˣˡ
ȽֵʵʲôǱѼǰķ֤ݻҪģ
սӵ绰˵̨Ĳ̹ӱǰˣ
˵ʲô
⼸͵Աظ̨Ĳ̹ӱǰˣ˾ڶǰܲ
ǰûҵʲô֤ݣǵԼһ
ǳȥо֣֪ͨԬֳϾҪչжˣ
ྩй֣ԬֳһӵϢ̴һ绰
ˣ̨Ĳ̹ӱǰˡ
˵ܣͭ޷ˣ֪Ѽǵķ֤ݣʱ¡ԬֳϵǾӵһ׼Ӫж֪ͨһίǡȥӹܾӵ˳ĻͿԶͭˣԳλᣬͬ׿Ҹһͬ
ǣ


151 ྩ2
йڰСʱ֮ڣоȫԬֳ˻Ԭֳֻ˵ȫ徯쿪ᣬû˵ҪԸǰҲΪ˷ֹϢ©öǰǱǰ׼Ļǽ˿գҲܡȡĳǲ̹ӣӲܶ˻ͭ
ǸһӵϢ˶ǳ˷ܣʵһ˺ܾˣ׿Էϵõᵹ׿Էֻϧ׿Էнں涥ţǱҲˣʹЩ޷һ£ΪԼھҲʶ˵Ļίǵλ׿Էˡ
ɽ첻һ׿Է̫үھǵĹϵǿǿĹԣض׿Էǵĩա
쵼ûȨȥץ˵ģ㣬ǿɲɵȥԽȨֻܴڰ칫ҵϢˣźϢܿͻᴫġ
ྩżӵĶԱų˾ſڣͣ³û³ֻǽԼ֤վڵľ˿һ£̾񣬲ҽŸ˿
Ͻ˾Աҡ
˽ܹһ˴˵
ǣ׳
λٽͨľĸҲӣ֪ͨྩ˾Աȥˡ
Ӻһ߳һ˳ȴľڣнҲྩĵһ֣
˵ѽָʲôҹİҽйǲྩַʲô£
ֻྩ϶ڳǰλϴй֣ʮˣнΣֵʮԼн죬˭˭ԼģүӣڹֵУүӣ쵼
Ž´ĽܼȫȨӹྩ
һ˵ֵе㲻ˣԼྩһ֣ƾʲôѽ
ɵֽӹݸܼһܼȻԽ´ģһ˵ǣ׳¡
ŽʲôҪʣϵоӣͬʱϽңһ̿ʼʽְйҲʱҸ𣬵ǱȻֵġ
ֵôıʲô¸ʣʲô²һˣοԽ´ģԼҸŮˣȫԼ쵼̵ʱүӻֹһξȹԼ˵񣬾ǹֵ׵
߷ģĶϣٶᾪྩе룬˵ֻһξϰõġ
еѾλˣô
˵ŽҸսӵϢ̨Ĳ̹ӱǰˣԣεĿ֮һǾȳ̹ӣͬʱҲʱǰɺڵˡ
ǰ˵Ǳ´ɨļҲԽλҪͷȴ£Ǳ⼸춼Ѽǰķ֤ݣû뵽ǰȻʱӣ죬ǰǹ˽ˣ
ͬʱҲ֪ͭǼ֮ĹϵѹǱ߻᳷ְˣӣɨжҲС
˵ŽڳĿĵǶǰܲ
ִӦһִһ绰Ԭֳ˵ԬֳǱôˣ
߶Ѿ׼ˡ
ã̸ȥǰܲҲѾˡ
ǡ
Ӹͬʱжлӣۼһ𣬶ǰԼ̫
ͬʱڶܲӷپ׸֩ȫ֮⣬ԱһҲû׷Ȼ񣬹ҲѾˡ
յϢӸǱѾжˡ
˷ܵ
ţٵȵȣǴֵ֮Ƕ֡
پʵǸòӡһԸǰɣ
ڵϣʵǸЦӷȻЦ
벶ȸںԾҪһڰĻǾԲ⣬ҲץסͭϾڶǰﻹ󲻵ĸ֣ЩֵĿǰΪֹҲûгֹ첻һǰΣͭһὫЩģȴΪ˱ǰΪ˱ͭ
˼ǣʱǰĸһỤŻͭܵģǣ·ɱ͸ϴ׼һپʵ
ûͭһ˽ϣҲ˵죬Ҷྩĵ°
֩ʱӵһ绰֮˵ѾǰܲΧȴûκζֵļ󡣡
ǵֱӳȥĻ̹ӻΣգԲŲġ̹ˣҴӶǰ֮ܲϵǾҲй˼ˣûȵǶµΣǸʱ˭ץסͭܽԣھҪ׷ˡ
ӷһЦ˵ʱҲѾˡȥɱͭǡ
ǣ


152 ྩ3
ǰܲ
̹ڶǰԱĴ£һ칫ңͭ׿ԷнѾڵˡ
ʵڲû֪׿ԷҲҲãٲ̫鷳ȥˣ죬һԽҸһ˰ɡ
̹ӽ칫ң̴ͭɳվ˶ԣʲôҪȻǮˣǰ꣬ͿԸǴ޾ĲƸҲû˻ỳɵġ
̹ӣǾѽ
ͭһӭǰȥΪĿǰ֪̹ԼĿģʱҲΪﶷͭҶûȥ飬ô֪̹ӱӷ֮¡
̹ӽҪǮɱӷģҪЩڵ̫֪ﲻ̨壬Ҳ˼ֹ˼Ͼǵһθྩڵϵ򽻵ɲ뷢κε⣬ҲͿ
һᣬһѽ
໥֮ã̹ͭӵˣҲûֵģͭϽȻĳ̹ӽԼĿģпΪϵˣֻǻͭ벻ྩ˭ҽ̹ӴǸ˾Եţѽ
λǡ
̹ӽֻǰͷϴˣûʸ̸⣬ӲԼǰĿı˸֪ˡ
ͭҲ֪̹ڵʲô̹̽ܵӲõģλҶǰѡྩе׿гĽ
죬̹ӵıھͽǰ̹Ҳ֪ǰྩоӵĹϵǳãȴ벻õȵزλ׿гȻڵϵˡ
ֲֵĲ̹ҲȥʲôȻλôǿԼҲҪʲôˣԼĿ˵󣬸õĵӦ׿Էô˵ǶǹҵĹԱɱ˵飬Ȼɻ䡣
ԭǽ׿гû뵽ڴûȴǰܲˡ
̹ЦЦҲѾͭ뵽ɳǰ
̹ӣʵڱǸΪʱ䶼ȽæԲ̹ྩǻ޷дû뵽档
׿гˡȻǶλǶǰѣҲͲϻˡ
ͭʵ̹ʲôҪǰľܿڣྩĵͷϣûҽ˵顣
ͭҲϻֱʵ
ãȻˬ죬Ҿֱ˵˰ɡʵϹҪɱһˡ
ͭ໥һۣǰʱ´ĹļǶ֪ģҲ֪ھռԼǰ֤ݣ׿ԷڣͭҲʲôΪǱҲӶѣԼǰôͶˡ
̹Ҫ˭˵仰Ϳˣαһء
˾ɱұԼ档ҲӦ֪ˣһ˵ʲôõţǿɾеķˡ
̹⻰ǲ̫ŶǰԲŻܹͭġ
ɻͭҲûϣ˵̹˵ɣ˭Ǹ˾Ի졣
̹˵Сӽгӷ磬ֻҪܰɱһǧǻˡ
˵̹꣬Ӵӿڴóһ׼õ֧Ʊݵͭǰ
ͭһ̹ҪԼɱǳӷ磬໥һۣͭ˵̹ӣ˵ʵĿˣ֧ƱջȥǾ㽻ѣҲ԰ɵǣ̹Ҫɱӷ磬ǾͲǮǮˡ
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Ҳ˵Ҵˣ
̹ӲŲϻӲ֪ӷʲôر֮ȻǰﲻԼԼֻȥ취ˣ
̹ӲҪᣬǡ
˵֣̹ԶǿͣྩˣæһҪġ
ͭеΪѣ治֪ôȥɱӷ磬ǻ˳ӷ֣֮ѵԼȻǻǿĸִӶǱ˹Լ鷳ΪǻǱ߻δʲôӦԼ֪ͨǱʱڵңʰǳҾ֣ƻҪһʱܹܻǻ֮顣
֣ҾҲöһˣӷ粻Ҳǵĺ֮ѽ
ͭһ£ԼƻûùõĻǾ͵ڽԼ¶ˣǱҲһһʱ֪ġ
Ϊ˽ύλ̹ӣͭҲǹܲôˣ˵̹ӣ¾Ͱˣӷһ졣
̹ӹһЦ˵ãȻˣǴڿʼǾˣԺλʲôҪܸҴ绰̨̼ңһȫ
̹ӻ䣬ͻȻ칫ҵĴॡһһε˷飬漴һӰ˽
·ͻȻ̹ŵɫ̴࣬ͭеѽ
顣
칫ҵű˸˿ͼ˴˽Щڲ̹ӽ칫ҺѾ棬һȻǵһʱ
ʲôˣ
񡣡
ͬħʱһڻͭ˵ǰһ̰γǹ߶ʮһ飬ļǹǺӰȥ
ӰӵͭǱ˸ԼĿҲǣȻԻ֣ͭһսֱ̹ӿ˹ȥ
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̹ӵһ̶ŷӦȴѾ̫ˡ
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𣬲̹˫ķǳ󣬿Լ֮˵òû;Լĺһȣ˻һѪҺӲ̹ӵĲӴӿ
һ̡
Ӱһץס˲̹ӣǱ˹ȥ
ȥɡ
Ѿ˵Ĳ̹ӱӰֱӴӴڸȥʮ¥̹ʱ˿зˣֻϧȴ޷ٿǰһĻˡ
ڶǰܲΧѼ˽ŶǰܲĴſڣʱûκһ
Ҫٵˣǳȥɡ˵
Ǹ̹䲻Ǹöô˵Ҳ̨̼ҵˣ£Ƕ鷳ģԡ
쿴жˣ
ԬֳֶǼ˴һʱ˶۾һʬ壬Ӷǰܲ顱һ˵ϡ
˭
ʵ
ȻѾѪģˣϷȴ˵ǲ̹ӣҼǰ̨һ档
ʲôǰ˺Ʊˣ
̹ѾˣǲܷŹǰκһˣ޷潻˵
ѾģŽԬֳҽǰܲ
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153 ྩ4
ͭ˴˿Ѿɫ࣬⵽ôһ£ʲô˵ܵԼǰܲɱˣɱĻǲ̹ӣһ̨̼ңǿ¾ǶңҲһסԼˣΪ̼Ҳ̨ľͬʱ̨ڵᣬҲڲ̼ҵģ
ϰǸɱָҳȥ̹ôˣ
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ͭھȻ˵ȥ̹ôˣͿ𣡻˵ɵˣΪ̹ӻоȡ
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һСܴӰ칫ܽŵ
ʲôⲻܣûôܳˣ
ܵѾ鲣Ĵǰһͼľ˸죬ѾøŰΧ
ţѾΧˣϽ־ٹͷһһĴǾҪȥˣ
һȣ󺰵ͬʱҲѾĲ̹ʬǰһҲҡҡͷɴඣ̨ϵļ̳ڵأҪԼЩô潻ѽ
¥ϵĽŭԬТǡôҲˡ
е㲻Ծóֻһ绰֣ŽôѾȫǰܲȥˣ
绰Цٸװˡ֪˾ڶǰܲȰϳͶĻһ԰飬ĸǹе³
ʲôǹңҿྩľٽΣ˭ǹң
ǸˣְȨѾˣʲôǡ⣬ھǱѾռǰķ֤ݣǽ̨̹ӣ˺Ʊ֮Ѿ֤ȷˣǽߵͷˡ
˵ͽ绰ҶˣҲûҪϻҪ˵ĻҲǽϾ·֮ͥ˵ϾǾˣûбطϵķԺǲģֻо·ͥܶ
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һᣬ˵мˣǱ˸ˣ
мƣ
ղŹ˵ǰ̹ܲӣ˺ƱǲŴǸΧġ⣬ҵְλҲѾˣڵңʲôǣ
ôһ˵ͭ׿Էɫķǳѿ׿ԷҲѾһ绰ǣɽȴһģ
˭ڱǣҵְλҲѾˣʱӹҵλӡ
һһгλɶǶѽû뵽Ƕλְλ˵ûûˣǹģ
֣ڹܲôˣ뿪˳ʲôˣ
׿Է˵û·һܣܻһҲΪԶǰԸԿЩСܣѾµһ׼ȥͶˡ
ˣӸѾ˽ڸô졣
һСܽ칫Ҽ
еֽߣֻҪ뿪ྩ˶ǾͰȫˡ
ǻͭϼңŶǸȻﶥţֻҪԼ˶̨巽ҲԼġ
֣ڶӸΧסˣôѽʵ
̨ߣϽֱǡ
˭Ҳٷϻһܳ˰칫ң˵ݣ̨ȥˡ
ʮ֮һֱྩ⳯ǰܲ߷˹ͭһһװǮĴˡ
ģܷܲɿһ㣬Ļ˾Ҫˣ
ͭҲֻܸż׿ԷѾ˵绰ؼңǸԵļȫʰöʲô뿪ྩƾǱѾ˵Ƕ˵ļȥˡ
ͬʱڶǰܲĵϣ֩׼ˣ֩лһͲ׼˷ǰܲǱߵֱ
֩룬һŮˣЩΣյĶɣ˵
㣿𣿡
ʲôģ׼ǰѾ׷ѧˡ
ǺðɣҪһѽһڴ˿ǻܶġ˵Ƕ񣬲˼޹
Ů˶ôϻɡ
֩ĻͲֱӶǰ̨ܲ½ֱ
һ㡭ұһ㡭˵㵽׻᲻ѽĻ˷ʱ䣡
ˣˣ׼ˡٰҿûɣ
ϻˣ㣬Ͽڣ
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𶯣ˣˣҪˡ
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׶ڵĴ̨ǰǱ˹ȥʹڶǰܲµȫɵۣ
˭ĻͲȻҲĻͭ˻ܣͲû׼ֱĻ鷳
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Ѿģ˵ϸȥ顣
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䣬ȥĻͲֱӽֱ˴󾪣ȫ㿪
ڶǰ֮ܲϣͭҲͻĻͲһ˫۾ԾԼ뿪ྩֱˣûֱԼ̨ϣ·ûˣ
֣˶˱һУǸһĹڸô죿׿Էʵ
ȲҪţ˻ûȥֻҪܸɵ죬ܻǵ·ˡ⣬ҵҲʱ֣ҪɱȥԲ⣡
ͭ䣬̨˵Ҫɱõȷûʲô⣬ǣ̨߳𣿡


154 ྩ5
ͭ˵ͷƤʼ飬ð亹ǿɱʹ˶װǮĴӶ˵ϣγһǹΧͣתš
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һЦӻͭ˵Ϸһ̧ͷֻԼϷʮ״ƯһЦ꣬ȻԸڰ֮Уɼͨˣ
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Щͭǲûҹӷ磬ɱҲҪųӷһһǣԴһǰӷʧྩʹĻͭǸҲӷӰû뵽Լǰ֮ӷٳˣ
ӷ磬ûʱ棬ҲҪ̫⣬ȽҲͲˡ
ӣͭǵʱ򶼻֪ʵ֮н죬ȫǳӷһְŵģ
ĻѾǵһ˵ˣңҲѾ˺ܶˡɵڣλȴ·µţԣղ˵Ǿ仰Ҳֵ˵˵˰ɣ
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׿г˵ûˣǻлġǣڵǽҵ˰֮ҾѾ˵Ҫˣһǵġ
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ӷĻɾǸͭǶһըôҲ벻һоȻǳӷŵģһеĹ¶ô͡
ǣʵʵݲûͭǲţ
ԭһж㰲ŵġӷ磬ǰ̫Сˡ
׿Է䣬Ա˵ǵϾҪˣǲǸȶֽ
پ֪ʲôʱ˻ͭǵԱߣתͷһһսپ
ͭҲһ˫۾񣬵ѵǡ
ŶˣҽһˡһֱҪǸ齨ģǰʱ׼ҵ㺢ӻͤȫҸɵġ
ͭŭԭһеһУȫСӸɵĺ¡ãܺãû뵽һͭݺڵô꣬ȻëСӵӷ磬ҲԸ㣬㽫һжŵľܣ죬ҲһҪᡣ
ͭѾȫ˰ɣ
ӷһת˵Ǽȫɡ
ৣৣৡ
ĵӰ̨֮ϣÿһɢͬҲ޷ִ࣬ߣߣ߸ĳԱ
ĸ˵ĳ֣ҲѾ֤ݻͭͶ·ˣƸ˳
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ӷȴҡҡͷ˵ϴҪǿһ㣬ĿǰҲû㹻İλֹɱǣͭΪһû˿׼Ҳ̫Сˡ
ĸվ̨ĸλãһǻ᲻һеΧӷ磬پڣ֩ҲѾϹˣ˵پ˾Բ֡
ӷ磬ҵ뿴׼ģܲĴ󻤷¹ʮСĴ󻤷ɱСӡ
ĸ˶û˵ֻĶųӷ磬ӷҲ֪ĵ˲ΪµģǴҪɱһʱԲȥģֻὫԵעȫڶԷϡ
ڣӷҲ֪ͭﻹмƣҲϴδЫʱͭƵʵЩȫǸ֣ԼǴ򲻹ǵġ
ͭһ֪ϴҶЫĴսУȥôİɣǽ죬Ҿ͸㡣
ӷ˫һת˵ĸˡ
ৡ
顣
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ͭ˱ͻĽŮŵȥͭĸҲѾ˻ͭ˵ǰ
ѪԱߣｻǡ
ͭǺãλౣأҽղؼλľ֮
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ĸ˶ˣ͸˵һû˿ĳ룬ĸûнľûͷʬѾ˵ϡ
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ӷ磬㲻Ҫ˸ѾˣǸҲӦ
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ͭһЦȻˣһͭġӷ磬ҲɱңҲԶɱңҶңһŹġ
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پҡҡͷʵ˵λѧͭԼҪҶ֣
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ֱӹ˵ϣ׿ԷѾŵĻ赹ڵء
ӷǰЦλĶҹӵѽá
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ӷԶ֣һžͽ¥پҲ׿Է̨ıԵȥ
ɱˣɱ˼вǣɱߣûܵеȤԺҪŹµ㹤ѽ
ӷһߵǰ˵ȥϺɣҰ֣ྩߵһȶһ̸Ϲȥġ
ûȥԼȡ׼ĸһֻǵ˵ͷһ仰û˵ֱʧ˳ӷǰ
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ӸѾˣǸˡ
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ţȻѾˣǾնӰɣǵİѲ̹ӵʬ崦ãȻˣɻҪͻ̨ģǱߣ㱨ɣ


155 
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ӷĶȻѾռྩΪྩڵǾͲʲô֪ӣӽӿ˵⣬ЩҲСģĺڰӲмȥС£ҪģǾ춯صĴ¡
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ҲǶң̨̼ңֻǸδˮ棬ȴڰٿйڵڣǻߵĺڵҲῴŶģٹãʡеĺڰ϶
ྩңôңңȫôңȫڵңйˮôڣƺ
ྩĻڣӵ쵼ȫۼһ𣬵Щ˲ûΪ˶ǰͭǼҶеˣ˵ǱѾҪΪ̨̹ӵˣԽȻԴͷʹǣһǰһǰð˳ڵǴ֮֮ѽ
Ҷ˵˵ɣڶʲô
ҪλϣڶȻûԽ㱨ɹٹãǱ߸ԽͻõϢģ֮ǰ˱ҪȽĵϸһԼȴһ֪ĻԼЩҲûȥˣȫؼҳԴװɣ
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˴˿̶ԬֳΪྩйֵľֳ£Ȼ
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Ԭֳ˵Ҵ쿪ʼѾӶľԴʼˣڽʱ䣬˶ǰ֮⣬Ǳ߲ʽ⼸ʺţҶһ°ɡ
׻ݸڳÿһ˶һϣɵһһ̾˵ԬֳⶼЩʲôʲôѽЩͷȫǹģ鵽ЩҲעѾʧˣ޴Ӳ𣡡
ֿЦҲ֪ȻôһǳСĵģô̵ʱҪ鵽ľԴϲܣ
ԬֳҲǿЦŽǾܲ鵽ʱҲôˡ
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һپڶ׷꣬ףĸŮˣ֩롣죬ѾĴãһսپƹܡá࣬𶫰е⣻ڶս׷ƹܡá࣬ͬʱ𶫰İɱ⣻սƹܡá𶫰ĶƷ⣻ս֩ƹܡáֵȫΪ׬ǮС㡣Ԭֳ˵궫ĿǰĻ֮ʵĸ˵ݸϸûв鵽
Ԭֳǿҡͷ˵˵й֣ƾǹҰȫ֣ǱҲ鲻
ôܣȻ֣ô鲻˵ݣʵ
Ϊڶǰձͬʱĸ˵ָϣȫӹҵĻڡ֤ϿʧˣͬͬյˣҲ⣬һҲ鲻ĸ˵ֲͨţپ˵ɣȫֵģûʮҲа˾ͬȥҳһˣƲ̫ܣ
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156 ̹֮
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157 Ӱ
ӷ粻ȥܣҲⱩ¶Լݣӷ罫еһжپȥͬʱپµĴóӷҲѾ֪ˣ˵ı֣ӷǳ⡣
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һϵһپ취濪һҲ˾Ҳ˾̫ۣʲô¶Ҫ͵Ӳκη˷ͻҪҲ˾ϴǱߵĺǮ
һҿİڣһվڳӷǰųӷһķԸҲתķǳ죬ӷԸȫ
òϣһǸˣڣʲôʣʲôʣﶼǳǳӷԼģԼţɳӷ粻˵ģҲȥʣӲϴչĺһԽȨˡ
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ӷ˵⣬취ҿŻȥǽŮٶҵ֮£뿪˾ġ
õģȥ졣


158 ܲܽҵǮ
ӷ綼ѧУȹģסϣǻǳҪǮĻƳӷǲǷģѧУŶˬѽƶǸѪŮûԼ鷳ˣ⼸ûȥѧУФҲѧУݲμһչȥˣپͬʱѧרӷһҲѾѧ˰ӷ翴֮⣬ҪһҲ˾Щ˶ææûκεʱ䡣
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Ҿ˵ӷܵǸǳ󷽵ˣôСǮϵġ
ѵĻóӷе㷢ëǲʲôԼ֪ѽ
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ι˵ġˣղŻʱĳ⳵ƿ֣ϻʣʮǮǲڣҲһǧɡҪɣѽ㣬ҿ


159 ִ
ٳʱӷӵһܲˬĵ绰绰״ģ˵׿ԷĶ׿нĶӽȫˣϽྩ˹ûҵǶӰѾӳྩ
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ӷ磬ȵ㶫ɡ
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İɣǸͬѧֻǸҼҵСƨѡ
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160 װƵļһ
ѩͣųӷ磬Ϊ֪ƽĸĹԱЭίԱˣԲͨ˿ˣҲͨĻɫӷǣǾԲкӹġ
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㣬ӷ翪ű˳Ǯķл¥ſڣҲྩõһҷ꣬ЩǼƵûָߵΣȴŨҵļζҲ˵л¥ŸصˣĳʦҲǴȫظнġ
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ӣҵĵһ̳ˣԽĶӣ
ӿǽϣ˱۾ҸФңˣ


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Фں˵ͷ˵Сʵʶĳӷ磬ǹĶӣҲų۵Ķӣ

ФЦ˵֣ͱ˵ЦˣӷǸ¶׿ڸҵģҲܻƭҵģ
˵ǰڳӸྩʱȷǹ¶ɺͱĸĸҵˣϸ˲ྩϾȥˣ
裬ò˵İɣ
ΪأΪǹҵ̫үãүү⹫ͬʱܻ𣡡
ĻӷΪʲôң
˵Сѽ㲻֪ǺģʵңҲԬТ͵͵ҵģྩ֪ݵ˲࣬ҲСӣЩӡСѣ
ĸһı飬Ф˵Ļ
Фȴûиһʧ䣬ǳˣΪФӷǵԺյݻԸԼѣɼӷ绹ԼʶǸӷ磬ʦѵǸӷ硣
үүǷĺˣ֮ǰ֪ӷΪʲô£Ȼ֪ˣҲõģҸӷĹϵҵļôġοҸСѽҲܺãǸӷ粢еλ̫үǵļˡ
Ф˵СҪ˵ôܸأ⻰ҪǴ˳ȥ˸Цѽ
ˣˣ˵ˣٴ绰ӷ磬ȥûС
ϣӷӲǱФ˳Фû˵Ϊʲô¡
һǼľƵڣФںѾȺˣФӷ˹Фںȫվǰӭӡ
С㸸ĸôҲ⣿ôҲڣʲôѽ
ӷ磬ʵǼҸԷô㶼Ҫѽ
˰ɣһҪȥҹƭأ
˵꣬ӷתҪˣФǰס˳ӷ磬λ˼ҶЦݣФ˵ӣФ뵽ӣФϻѽ
ӣ£С⹫뵽ҵѽ
ӷ˵λҲ֪ڵʲôְλû뵽ФҵүӶˣ⵽ʲô
ФүӣүӿˣֻǸСѣɲұλ쵼룬ҿһ߰ɣҪǵˣ
Фں˹˵ӣǰǲԣдٷ߰ɡ
Фں˵һԼӣҲǿ˵ӣǰ۲ʶ̩ɽۿ˵ףеĵطӲҪȥ˴ҲСϣԭµСŮ˰ɣ
㻹СŮˣҿ㲻Сѽͦϵģ
Ф˵ĻҿɲҵȻЩҪ鷳ˡ
ңҡ첻ԭҵĻңҡ
ˣΪ֪ǰλԭԼĻǵùĿɲԼһˣԼҸңҪǣģλүӸŮոҵԼԼĶӣҲԼܵκ˺Ӳκ˸ԼܣԼ֮ǰӷ磬һԼҵ֪ˣԼҪҪˡοԼ֮⣬ҵλ˵һ仰ҲҪκ£ԼһҲᱻǧ˸ģ
Ф˵ӷ磬ԭһΰɣ֮ǰҲǲ֪ԲŻġ˵ˣ㲻ҲƭҰָңҵڶ֪ԭôǿء
ӷ纹һ˵СһǰǸң㲻Ҫ̫ˡ˵ˣԸļ˵ĻҲҪȵڣͷİɡ
˵ģԷɣ
ԷͲˣһеҪ컹ҪȥϺһˡ
˵ӣ˵үӾϺˣҲǴϺչģӦȥ˼ҸɣҲСȥɣ
㹻ûУ𹷸Ĳ˳ʺФںһѣôͲֳַأ˼ҳӸ˵Ǽƽˣһףǡ
ӷҲҡҡͷ֪ԼˣԺǽŮԼƣɱǰ鷳
ӷֻʱһӵ绰ǺŴģ˵кҪԼӷҲͲФǶ˵ˣתˣ
ǵڲŷӦФҸҵǽˣأҵ»ûأӷ綼ûأ
ӣңҡ
˼ֹͣΪӷѾ˵ݣݵҲر


167 Ϯ
ྩеһ˹԰ȳӷ磬Ȼ˹԰ͲЩν׷֣ҲǺͿǵģϾһţЩи׷ˣҪȽ鷳
ӷ˹԰ʱͼһһͤ﷢ľûиºŶһˣȻ⽫˦ģԲĺһܳ
Դӳӷϴθ˺Լֻ󣬺ǵһδ绰ӷ磬Ҳ֤ŲֺܷŮˣʲô鷳£Ҳҳӷģ
ʲô£ڵ绰˵һ𣬷Ҫܵ⹫԰
ӷֱͤ˺ŵԱߣ˼ĴҲζѣΪŵĳóӷеϧҲԲһߵһ
ŵı鿴ƵеΣ濴ųӷ磬ʵϴ˵ᱣҵģ⻰ǲģ
һСѹµŮˣ˵ӻС֮⣬ٻеɣϳӷϴ˵ĻȽϼ򵥣Ųòӷ治ԼߵĻǺҲƤŮˣһʱ뿪ģ
ȻǳӷԼ˵ĻȻӦŵ飬Ҳһ
ģ˵ᱣ㣬ǾͲܵκε˺һҪ˵Ҹֻ֮ѣᷢŮ֮Ĺϵ
ӷֱӵľܾ˺ϴεҪѣǲϲŮǸ˶ϲģֻӷڻ̸Ҫ̸ĻҲֲˣԼѧУһǱȺźõѽȻҲǳӷĸЩŮˣֻΪڳӷлһ£һΪֹŲµ£
ŵĺֵķǳã˵ҲʲôֻҪܱңҾѾˡʵҽȥһϺġ
ӷ챾ҪȥϺһˣȻ˵ӷҲܽԼг̸ѽһеԥӣ˵һҪѧأûʲôʱѽ
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֪ӷʶżȴôҲ벻ŵϰǳӷ硣
ȥϺŷ᲻ǹ˾𣬽ȥʲô
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ÿһ˵·ɽ·ʮ䣬ôߣԼΪʲôҪΪ£ȥ̫أ
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ҿ԰ӦңҲ԰㽫ĸ״ӺҴǣʱĸԸ뿪𣿡
ǳӷĵģϾн죬ǺҸģûкҵĻŸʲôǣӲܳΪĴǡ
˵ΪңĸʮѾԾ˿ͷܾ˺ҵβôҶҪĸ뿪ҡ
ţȻ˵ˣǾͻȥ׼һ°ɡҲһȥϺǹ˾ȥϺϵġ
˵ͳˡ
ͷİɣϺ֮ȥңܺҵô㣬ţҵʱȻݷúҵġ
ǺðɣҾͽҵ˽ˡ
˻ԼձȽϺãξ͵һת۵ɡ
ϣӷ˶ܲپĸȫǵӣǶ﷢ʲôƵģ
ӷʵǸԵķöûУ
˵Ĵûˣˣ
ʲô⣿
֩˵ĵ飬ͷˣɽྩ
Ŷô졣
ӷͲµİɽྩģû뵽֮죡
ʲôͷ
֩شڵϺ
Ϻڵӷ绹ǵһڵͷϺȻҲǵһ˵
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Ŀģྩĵ֮⣬ǻʲôĿģ
پ˵Ϊ˰̨̹ӱ𡣡
Ŷ̨̼Ҿж𣿻˻ڵİӣ̨ǸͷѽȻôͲµӵҶйأֱ뵽⻪ĺڰҪҶ
̨̼ǱѾ֪˲̹ӵǾԲд˾ٵģ
ѾųˣҪͷ̨ȥλ̹ᡣ׷˵

ӷһЦ˵治֪Ҳ֪ߵغɱ̹ӣ̨̼Ҳ֪ߵغҪҵͷ
پҲһЦ˵Ȼţ̨̼ǱַųҪҿֱӴɱϺȥɱ̨ɣ
ףôô嶯㵱һ콨ɵ̨̼ϺҪңȻԸǵģȴڣǶĿǰ޷潻棬˵ǻĺڵˣ㣬첻Ѿ߹𣡡
˶٣ӷ˵Ȼ̨̼Ѿ֪̹ӵҶйأǶҲһ֪£ǲǻҵ˰ģҲһԸǡ
ڶǱߵĺڵȽңʰо֣ڶʱ֮ڲǣǻҪ׼ġ
š֩룬ıȽϾã˵˵Ϻ̨ɡ
֩˵ǻĵϺưԣİĿʵһǳǿƵˣʮʱλѾʮˣĵķǳáЩҲкܶĺڰҪ򻪶⣬ȫĿ˳ȥ⣬Ŀһӣʮ꣬һΰΨһ̳ˣ̨ǱߣΪͷϴҶ٣ΪŲ̼ҵ̨֧֣Ǳֻ죬û˸ΪСҶٸĿĹϵǳãǵĵҶϵĿĿ࣬ϿĿͽ̨̼ңȻͲκεƴˡڶҡ
ӷ˵ҵĻѾ֪ˣֻҪڶҶЩʲôݽɫͿˡ
֩شڶҲǺֻ֪ϵʮ֣Ҿ͹˺ü⣬үӸεļѾҴȨ˻ҵĵҲ˵ڵĶңɵ޼
޼Ǹôˣ
پ˵֣ԵʲôֻҪ޼ˣͻ᲻һеŪ֣̣Ůˣȫһңڶϼҵʱ˵޼ǳ̬ǰĳ쵼˵Ķӵ˻޼޼˼ʮͬԴ󺺣СӸһٶΣֱΪֹ
ӷЦ⻹Ƿǳı̬еʱҲǱȽϱ̬ġˣ̨ȷһߣĸͽеһ㣬ȥû֮ǰֻ潻棬𣿡
ǣ
оǣҪȥһϺһ֮ǰپһ˾㶨
ģ֮ǰһ㶨˾ģЩһﲻãǸǾͰվ˼׷ȥȫ


168 ƼҴС
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ҹסĻȴû˯ֵȺţĴɼʽйСԡ
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ͻȻһ󾯳𣬾ͼ˽ֵĽֵϣ׷ǰһɫСǺɫСϣ˴ӳ˰ӣеǹ顱׷϶ľȥʹΧȺȫŵĳΧɢȥ˭ҲԼȥЦ
ˣǵ׷ѽүү缸ǹ
飬顭
һſŵӵΧȥЩͽ޷죬鳣طıȵйǰİѽ
ܲܲ˽׷ϼͽǵĻ̫ǿ֧Ԯ֧Ԯ
ǰһһӵķͽ޷£ۿҪ˽֣ɾʱһ֮һӰӰ֩㣬ӴֱӳǷ˳
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˷ͽӳǵȫųǹÿһ˵۾ΧȥȴҲκεڣ
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һ˷ͽһʣǵǰһŮ˵ŮӢ˵ˣ
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ٿйŮֻСϣһѶ̵󻹱һѳ͵ǹһսļơ
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˷ͽһǸСѾͷйˣȫЦɫɫĴЦ
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йŮû˿ı飬˫΢΢һգͽֻСϵĶ̵·ǸоɢĲ㣬𶯡
ڸ·һԼ໥֮ɱֱ˶ΪֹڶԼ֣µ
йŮĻ˷ͽǹЦһ˷ͽӢ˵йС椣ѵǴ˵ейôǣйĻŲǡ
ȻˣֻԼˡ
йŮ䣬գۼȽǹ˳ûֱӿǹǽǹ˷ͽ˹ȥ漴йŮ㣬ڱǹСϵѶ̵Ҳڴ˿ԶγйŮС
ৣৣৡ
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йŮʵүүҲع𣿡
үҪʢټɽһ£ʱûʱع
Ȼүүȥܻȥʲôй̫ˣȽʺҡ
йŮ˱˵߳ǰȥԱߵЩڼйŮʱǳекйŮҲЦݵһĻʺãģ·ˣӣ˽ϵĻˣûһʶйŮġ
С㣬иճ¯ĵ̢ɡ
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С㣬үҪģҵе
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үү˵۵ĶʮǰˣȻʮǰҲǨƵүӸӸӲʮ꣡
ү˵۵ĶӵûڳҵȫعΪҵĶӡңС㣬ɱˣûʱүүӿǶ׵ģүعὫҴӵ¸ˡ
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໥һۣһ˵С㣬Ҳ֪ƼĿǰУүҪҵƼҵĵˣڻĻһүӴŭƼҿɾҪùˣ
Сһ£Ц⻹ð죬Ҿͻһ˹ֻҪʱǳҵ˻飬ǾͲҵˣųүҲΪҪ˻ǨŭƼҰɡ


169 ʽ̳
ϺǳԶɽϼңͬʱҲԵĵطǳ۳ĵط
꣬Ϻ̲źܶഫ£ͳͳݣͷ·һ̨㣬Ÿʽ¶аıԣһеģɾǳҵĵһԶɽڶۡ
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ԶɽϥŮ˳۸֮⣬ļŮûԶɽ׿ԶɽҲûŮΪڳԶɽУǸûǸʸ
֮ڣԶɽɳϣ˳ԶɽɳϣΧԱվŵģȫǳԶɽŮǵ޶ɷ
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Զɽǲϵд޾ϣʹЩŮһҲӣϾҵļҲҪλүӵͷԼЩ˲ŵõĵ
磬үںܶ뷨ѽǱҪһ׼ѽ
֮µ϶һԱߵԱĳӸơǳҵڶеŮˣ飬߳Եϰ˳ʫǼԵӡɷŮȫվԱߣڣûСһķݡ
϶˵㵱үѾϵ˵ôүӸŭˣӦ֪
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ҲȥܳԼ£ҲãһʱһּҲģЩȫ⣬žԼˡ
ҵڶеļţǱҲûһ˵ӷ飡
ĴŴ˿̴򿪣ӷ˻ӷһţʮ˫۾ȫңЩûһ࣬ǳҾѽЩվһǺݽɫ
Ȼ˿̵ĳӷ粢ûȥʲôԶɽҲѾվүӵЦݣ˵ӷ磬ˣ⼸үүѽ
үүҲྩ˼ѣⲻǹ𡣡
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ӷߵ˳ԶɽߣԶɽһ𣬶۾Ͷ˵ûˣʲôȥʲôɡ
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ź󣬳۲ŸӷһԼЩãǵŮӷҲЦݵĸһкҲ֪˭˵һԶɽɫĻ
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˻һ˶תͷȥ˵ǳĶӳ⣬СӾ͸ĸһûеĲˬųԶɽ۵˵һĻ
ôܽӵģ˵ķ𣿡
Ҳ벻ԼĶӾȻ˺ƽʱʱͦѽôͺͿˣ治ˬС˵˵ͺˣ˵ôСѽ
۵һ۳һ亹ԼĶһݺ˵Сӷѽ
ֻ֣ǡ
ұ죬ʲô뿪˵
ӷ粢ûȥ⣬ҲûǸҪǣӷҲǸĻԼܲˬѽ֮⣬Լүү֮⣬ЩνùÿԼҲ̫ѽԼûǰɣбҪ
Զɽ˵һȫˣֻ˵һ顣
һ£Զɽ˵ѾҳҵһУµвҵȫ̸ӷӹܡҲ˵ڿʼӷ磬ҳҵΨһ̳ˣһʹʲôȫҹţԺҲճˡ
Զɽ˵ϣһ˵ôԸ˵һѾұ̬ȣԼһУȫڳӷģˣûݣ
үүڻڶأŵҿ
ӷ磬ģүү֪ôģھǵʱҲӦ⹫裬ڻֹţˣ̳ϴһƬԼأֲŻὫŽġ
ӷΪѵĿһ۳ۣ۽ǵ˵ͷӷҲû˵ʲôˡ
ǣԶɽ⻰һ͵ڸӷʱըȻҵ˲ӷ緢ͻӲҷԶɽǰʲôеӵ˶ĵԶɽȻ벻ǣǹģΪԶɽţԼļ̳ˣӦδΣ鷳
һɫ࣬û뵽үӾȻôֱӶԼЩ˵һУ˵Լڻŵĸˣүһ̳ˣԼЩֻǸʵĿտӶѣԼôŬΪӷɽ


170 ˵
ԶɽĻͬʥּһ㣬ʹǼӸŮһҲ뿪ϺΪٹǳԶɽӵļɳˣҵ˶ҪرΪҵ˳ӷĹϵԶɽ뵽ӵĹǰ˵仰ԶõܹϢ
ڳӷڵĴΣǰԶɽûзϣҲ˵ܳӷʲôΣҪԼȥԣԼȥȺܻӷȻǿһǾ㽫ҽȳԶɽ۲ˣӷסҵ
ұ֮һ԰ǳ⸽Ҳû˾סΪȫڳҵģ˭Ҳߣû˸
峿ӷ˴ڱĻ԰Сʱʱ䣬ϰ˵ӣӷ뵽ȥ䣬˳ϵһżǱߵŷ׼ôʱͻȻӷڻ԰ŵһ㣬лһӷϤϢؼȴǳϸȥоĻߣҲо
ӷú֣֮ΪʲôӵǴʲôطģѵҲʲôɣ
Ϊ˲ӷڻ԰ڵӺ󣬳ӷһƬ̲֮ҵһɫСС״ͨûʲô𣬵ǼƬȴ΢΢Ķţ·ӵ㣬ڳӷһĻȫգۼΪһδĻ
ͥ
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ѽû뵽ڳҵĺ԰Ȼ滨ģȻģ
ӷš䡷ϵļ¼ͥǻȴҪ˹ֲܳɳĻڿ֮ήȻֻҪ˹ֲһʱ䣬᳤ͥʮ꣬κε򻷾֮Ҳ˿˺
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ӷһ룬ѵǾŹùó
˵Ҳߣȴȫħһħ֮·ŮˣôֲͥѵŹùóҲ
ӷڻ˽һԼλŹùãֻϧھǼһ󣬳ûгֹˣӷҲûѯʳʲôֻ֪ԸȽϹŹ֣ʲô¶ǳܲ²ĵأ
ȻôõĶǿɱ˷ˡ
˵꣬ӷֽͥժȴû뵽ڳӷڴĽ󸡰ɡĽ˼ȻֱӴӳӷĿڴе˳ڳӷ֮ǰͥǰŴһţͷৡһֱӽͥժһȥ
ιʲôҵģ³
ӷһ̽ץͣҡһҲ̫Ǹˣ˵һ±󸣬ڲ»ƽѾû˵ʲôˣò滨ҳˣûҵĶѾģ̫˷ˡ
һĻӷ͸ӵĳԾ
ɡ
˼ָоӷҡεʹ࣬ۡһȻ³һƽ
ӷֱɵۣŵڲݵϵĻƽ˵ѵҪҡ𣿡
˵ţӷֽҡ˼£ڣ󸲻ˣʲôҲˣ
֣ΪʲôѵܰɣһҪЩ滨Ż»ƽ
ӷƣԼ룬ֻԼؼЩ滨ǿģǮҲ򲻵ģ
㣬治֪ҽõĺö᲻ȫˡãҵùƽҲûˣͥҲûˣ㣬߰ɣӷ
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ӷսԱһһغˣŻشȻȥܻܲصĵط߻᲻һ뿪ͱ˸ץ˳ӷɹܲˡ
ȴϣӷȻһǴģ
ӷ˫һתֱӿ˱ԼڲݵϵĽ󸣬ҲѾ˳ӷǰһ˫ɫ۾ųӷ硣
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ӷ綼ţԼԼӳһֻңǻ»ƽĸ󡣬Ҳܻ˵˻ѽ
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ΣˣУˣǸòã
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ʲôֵģҿǸ߼ޣȻ˵ˡ
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ɽ˼·ЦӷƵģ˵㻹ǸߣȻ޶֪Ҹɣ޾ؼΪһޣֻܸ߻ļһ﹵ͨΪͬķġ
ɱңҲ
ⲻǷϻôҲĻԼ˵˻ѽˣ˵ϻˣڶӻеȥҼͥĶҳ԰ɣҸˣҸ㣬Ҫεġ
Ҳ棬ѾĸѽҸƨѽ
ӷںƣ˵ҪԶأѾģͥҶûԹ
˵Сӣ㲻˵Ҹ㣬ҿǸ߼ţҪòң֪ô
ӷһŽ㻹߼㣬ʲô⣡
һȥ
ι㲻ܶҲܣҴӹĹзųģҪúչҡ˵ˣҸоѾûˣھʣҹ¼ҹһˣôѽ
ôƨ¡Ѿģ»ƽһǿ㣬ȻҪЩ滨ݲ£Ҫá
ڳӷǲ˳ӷƵģӷѾ߳˱Ҳ
裬쿴ѽֻÿɰ
˫һת·һ˸һСŮɽ˼ˬѾĲŸ󡣬Ǹ߼ޡ
裬ֻ˵أ
˵ѩԡ


171 𻮷
ǸҪļһǾԵʵƱһй֮޲ųӷͲϷˣܳӷߵʲôط͸ʲôطͣ˵ʹĳӷΣΪ˲˼ֻ˵˻ʲô粨ӷҲֻܽٷŽ˿ڴҾԼû£ٸ˵һ˻ĻǾֱӶȥ
ôʵ𣬺ԣᣬʵиӷԵƣһ˵ͣʲôԼˣҪԶͨĶԣЩ滨֮⣬ʲôҩѽѽ¹ⱦ֮ģͳͳԣ
˰죬ԭⲻֻ±ѽֻһб̱󸡣
㻹ԵҩԷ¹ⱦУҸԴ㣡
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ðɣļһ͸ƨɾȻһˣòϣ˵ʵĻķϣǱ˭Ὣƽ𵱳ɷģЩνʾǮ֮ƨҲЩɵϲŻȥ˵
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ðɣһﻹƸˣúùӣҪҪֻĸһѵСѽ
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㻹ĳҵΪ
ǵȻֻҪӵеر֮ˣᳬ̫࣬ҶԿһôĽ׶ΣĻóӷ㶣˵һĻˮĻڶԵеʱԼܵһʱ֪˵ߵͣĻԼ͵Ԥ֪ᱻԼǿĵ˴ֲˣ

˼ǲ˵һֻ󡣬֮ϣ
ʲô󡣬Ǹ߼ţˣҳķϣҴдƽϡҵȻ֮ϵģֻҲս͵ޣԴҲУȴܶණأ
⿴˵Ȼֻǽеǳ֮⣬󸻹Щʲô
㻹Щʲô˵
һʲôǾҪˡΪұӡʱ̫ãܶʧˣֻгЩöָܻ
Ѿ˵˵û˵ȥĸЩöѽⲻҪ
ӷҲ϶˷ѿˮʵղ˵ֻҪ̫㶼ܿߵף㿴ЩˣһôĽ׶Σ
شߵļ𻮷֣Ӧ޻ҰɣҲõģֻҪҳԱ˶ӣָˣҵļҲǻģ
ӷҡҡͷоƭƵģôʲôҪԲܽѽ
ðɣȻĿǰ⣬Ǿʵ㲻Ҫ°ɡ
ӷһֱҸ˽һ¹ļҲŹż𻮷ֵģμʱˣȻ˵Ǹ߼ޣǹӦû֪Щ湦顣
·һСƺӷ˹ȥ˲ƺڵһʯϣȴûнӿڴó·˼Լֻ˵Լ׳վйˣ
飬˽٣
ڳӷĿڴﷴʵʲô磿û˵ѽ
ۼĵط
Ŷ˵Щɰɣ
û˵ЩǰѾһռȥˣǸռͽ硣ôڵǸûһ˵𣿡
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˵ڹŴЩսȫ߷Ƶģ
ǣǹ֮ս֮Ķȫġڵ꣬綼ƣЩνѽʵѽȫɲͬģûǺ涥ţһôܷչϰ꣬ͱҸˣ
ˣסҿɲ뽫Ŀ֪Щʷˣڸ˵˵ߵĹôֵģ
˵ļ𻮷֣
ǵġ
ΪĴ࣬꼶𼶡ͭĴеĽַͭΪ˸ߡСף꼶Ĳ֣Ϊһ֣ڵ꣬꼶ĹҲû˻ᣬɵĹ߶Ϊ𼶵ġ
ӷʵΪʲô꼶ĹСࣿ
Ϊ꼶Ĺ񿹺ı̬ǵ˭Էֳĵȼѽ꼶ĹһرԣĹҪ߱ΪΪģΪĻΪߵĹͻ߻ħΣգ꼶ȻΪһôľ綼ǸոտʼĲҲǿģѺܿͿɣߵڣֻߺԼΪڵ꼶ŻһһͷųߵΪ۷徳磬ܽ꼶ȫͷųǸʱνɱˣ
˽˵ӷ˫ķǳΪԽ˵꼶ԣԼġľۻʾоųɾŵƣѵԼġľۻʾ꼶
һһ˵رĹѵ꼶𣿡
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ӦǰɣҲû꼶ȻȴҾţ룬Ӧþ꼶ûˣ
ٺ٣Ǹٺ٣꼶˵ԼȴպӵУһ룬ҲûʲôֵģϾľۻʾ۴ģĹȻ꼶ģ
Ƿأ
ҲΪĴ࣬ա¡ǡÿһҲΪߡСףҸоھһ¼н׵ķһ߽׵ĸһǼ׵ġ
ҵһϦħӦ¼н׵ģӦǼ׵ģǳ߽׵ġҵġʲôģ
ơ
ӷ罫һ£˵ֹ׵ġ
֪˹趨ӷҲĶˡ
һ̣ӷֻһӵ绰Ŵģ˵ھͻغˣҪӷϸϹȥΪҵˣҲںңµӰŷչŷ֮ǰҪŵ˽⣡


172 ݷú
ң纮˵һμ壬ϱ굣ιȫЭϯҲǹҵͷ쵼֮һˣȻѾȻûмСϺҵȫڹٳϻ죬ʹĺôû˿ûơ
ǣںŵѾ御ˣҲǿںǸүӵϣλģû뵽λŮһҲ֪ж۵ྩȥˣһ˽ҶӴˣڶڼ
һ˺ңҺϱΪԼֹģϱһѵϺһЭȥˣҲûл֮£Ҳֻ뺮ϱĳӣҲǺŵĸ׺Լֻ
ΪϱĳӣȴûھǹĶܣжļھǣҲǺϱŵģϾҵ漮Ϻȫ㵽ȥĻǺڸʡе½ֻзɢȶԼҵ
ΪϺеĵһ֣ҲǸྩͬļһ֮ϺȫΪĳ֮һҵĲͲ˵ˣ
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ڵһֹ˾ÿɵ˰ҲϺһģں˵žԵĺôЩҲ֪˶ˮҪǺ꣬ǺϱΪԼҵ棬˵ġ
Աߣë˵꣬˵ˣĸŮǻ۹Ҳ룬ЩǺĸŮĻڽֱҪȥˣھȻҸԣ첻úýѵѾͷĻԺҪ޷ˡ
ëԴӼ뺮Һ󣬾ͶԺĸŮǴкüλŵĸ״ҽԺŵĸŮȴ˵һ仰ܶζҽԼëߺţºŵĵͬʱҲܵ˺
̾˿˵ӣҵȷ̫ѾͷˣٲʲôĻҪˣ
תͷĶӺ˵棬ȥѾͷҽҽôѵ
֣СĻҪѽҰɣһĸŮûˡ
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˵ͷ¥ȥĸŮֿ͸йûʲô
٣Ķһ㣬ûҰڽ𡣡
Ÿĸ״һС˳ŵĸ׽еѾʮˣƣģҲЩӶ˵·ΪںңһӶˣ
СţǧҪԣǸûˣ
裬ЩܵĿѾˣ죬Ҳκ˺㣬ӲҪЩ˶˵ʲôȻ뿪ҵġ
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ȻһǳĵŮˣʮ˶ȴûһʹ֮ģ
֪ԼĸһôˣɲôԼһҪĸ뿪
ʱ򣬺ŻſڿһۣǹŵģԴԼ֮󣬾ûˣҲԼȵ
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ǣѾͷҲʲôط˵Ϻ浽ȥҲûá
䣬ëһų˹ǰһëһֱ˵Ľš
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ڽĸ׷һ˫ŭ۾Ķë
Сţ˵ˡ
һȳһյߵ˺ǰ˵꣬СŻС£ͿŮķϣԭһΰɣˣ
˵ֱ꣬ӹʹĺǰ˵裬ΪʲôҪ¹Щ˵ǺĸŮ˵ףҲȶԲĸŮȵģǸûǷǺκζ
Сţ˵һɣ
˵Ѿͷ㻹֪ǰɣҲ㡣
֣
ȭͷҪǰ֣˵ǣɲҪ̫ˣ컹һŷᣬʱŲֵܳĻ»ᴫʲôҲõĻ
˵ͷ˵棬ȲҪѾͷǸٽ֮˸ϵһྩǱߣྩץˡ
ѾͷûУ˵˭˵ģ
Ǻѣ˵ྩΪŵĹϵΪûϺĻ˳ˡ
Ц֪˭˵ΪʲôԼྩȥʣ˵ܡ
Ѿͷ㻹Ӳӽǲ򶼲ˡ棬Ҷ֡
ҪִţҵŴ˿ͼһӶ˴ߵ˺ǰ˵˰ݷá
Ӷ˵ĻŵһЦĸŮһߣ裬õģҵѾˡ
СţǧҪǺң
裬ĺˣţҵһܴ뿪ġ
˵Ҳ˵֮⣬κ𡣡
Ӷ˵ͷ˵Ǹ˵һҪ
ߡ
ǣ
Ӷһת˭֪ڴſڣѾһ꣬˵ǸøѽȻԼŮ´˶֡


173 һ1
ԺϺйĵλû˸ӣû˸û֮˵ͬǰ߽Ҵŵģ˿̣ӷĳ֣ú޶е⣬벻ģ
С˭Ҳ˵ɣҲʲôط˭ļңȻҾҸһ˵Ǿ仰ǹꡣ
˭ѽҵڶеϴϺеίǣϺŵȫˣֻҪ磬Ϻһ𣬽Ȼ˸һܵӣСӵе⣬һ⣬Ƿǳ⡣
ȻԺݣȥһСӼƽϣӲøһһ٣Ȼˣ겻ӸӻγӷԼҷ
ҰСӣȻܵǺҵңĻĲͷˡ
߱ȳӷҪαȳӷҪ׳ֱܶ࣬ߵӷǰȭͷҪԼҵСӸKһ٣Ȼ󶪳ȥι񣬵ȴԼĶô˵ҲϺίǣôһģ
棬ס֡
ֹסĶӣȴˬ֣СӾȻ㣬Ҳѵѵ֪Լʲôء
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ӷûȥ棬ˣһ֪ӵܣӷӲмһЩﳤݵļһϻ
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ݷã˭ҵСӣʲôʸݷǺҡë˵
˭ҵǾͲùˣȻѾǺңô˵Ҳǿ˰ɣû뵽ǣǺңȻԴ˵ġ
ˣ˼ǺҲдһûգûĿˣɡ
ֱ⻹û꣬Ҳ뱻֪ŵ飬Ȼ˳ȥǶԼ;ٶӰ졣
Ҫߣԣ֮ǰұҪ飬ҲҴӦ˵ġ
£СӣʲôѵԶٱ㷹ɣ
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ܼ򵥣ҽ룬һء
ʲô
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ӷĺλúǶûӦɳӷҲǷӦֱһ粽תһߣ顱һ汻ӷһŸߵڵأһҽ˳
һĻúֱɵۣԼĶӱ˴ˣǵԼ汻£붼ûӲţϺȻ˸ҵԼԼĶӡ
ȻĸŮҲǴ󾪣˵żʶӷྩˣȴû뵽ȻںҶ֣ԺйĵλǾԲŹӷġ
Żǰס˳ӷ磬ǿ߰ɣȻ߲ˣ
ģȻҴӦҪ㣬ǾͲܵ˺ż˵һ㣬ҲЩ˺ˣʮ۵ģ
ǡ
һ߿ȥɣҾͰ㽫ʮһڸˡ
ӷһֻŲ˺ϣʵ˵٣Ҳ̫˰ɣⶼûˣ
㣬ҴңҪ㡣
˵˵õĻ˻Ͼȫǹھˡ
СӣôĵӣȻҺҶִҶӣϷſҶӡ
ڷӦ˹Ҳŭӽе쵰ϷſҶӣҪ
ˣʵڱǸҪҵ̫֮ˣҪŶˡأҪҵ֮ǰһǿҪӰġ
ңҾ㣬㡭
ӷһѽסͷһϵǽǰֱӽͷǽ
ء

ǽϱһѪӡӷȴû֣ͣӶĽͷǽȥ
ס֣סܼ֡ңϱеľȫйҪǹСӣ
ôڵ˶ϲ˵仰ѽ۲ѽ
ѾȥѪȵһĻˣ˵СţϽסְɣٴȥֳġ
裬ңȰסѽ
ѵʲôˣҲ̫˰ɣҲܵǣģ
ӷʱѾȥĺ˵ϣתԺ˵鷳ڽоͬʱҲǼλүӸлɣһġ


174 һ2
ŵֻ֣һ²ԵţҲ˵ûκεʱ֪һζĳ嶯˵үү˵ӣǵţɸɵûʲô𣻶һţǱ㹻ʵڸ棬֮κ£κˣ侲ͬʱľ˵ÿһ仰ǰƽ棬ȴģӷ磬ǵڶˡ
һ仰ǼλүҲлɣһġȥ˵侲侲ıȴ˵۾룬ϱǺειȫЭϯźεȵӷȴ˵Լģʲô˼ûǺҷ
ҴڣëѾȥĺ棬ȴûҽԺΪҵ˽ҽѾϵˣҲȰﺮȶһƣϳӷֻעģ
һ˫ݺݵ۾ųӷ磬˿̶˵ǰҵļ̳˶ҴԼֻǸ˶ѣĸ˵ʲôɲҪһµľԼ
ȻڣǶ֪ӷ˭Ӳ֪ӷྩ˴֮ˣʱ򣬺ҲʣӲҪʣֻȾһʲô鶼Խ
ţ鷳㣬õȵĶɣʵ̫ˡ
ڸղŵ飬ӷɲعͷȥ룬Ӳᵣº󺮼һôԸԼ
ĸŮ˿̶վӷ粻ԶĵطСӣĸŮǳлΪǳͷҲܵģ㽫һˣһʩѹ̵ģ㻹ǳ˾û֮ǰ߰ɣһᶥ
⻰ԣҲ˵ҪΪӷ綥
ӷȴЦǲõģңһû
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Сӣ鷳ſҶӳһᾯ˵
ŶǸӳѽá˵λӳȥĲأǽȫߡ
ÿȫÿӳڳӷԳӷ˵һ֣ĲӾҪϣ
Сӣû꣬ǺǲŹġ
ܷɣѾ˵ˣһңҲ


175 Ϻ1
ĸŮӳҺ󣬳ӷϵһϺһȽϰȫĵطúŵĸʱסˣԺΪֹҵҺĸŮӷŷ֮ྩĸŮ׷ӣྩϾྩǳӷĵ̣Ҫʲô¶ȽϷ㡣
ŵһҾƵ꣬һͳ׷סֵطȻǰȫģ˾Ƶбʩ֮⣬źҵҲ벻ĸŮȻס߼Ƶͳ׷
ڣһ˫۾ǳĿųӷ磬ںҶֽϱү˵ֻ֣һ־֮ͽڶɾȨƱȺҸ߳ܶ౶ĺӵܣٻӷں˵Ǿ仰һ˵ʲô
ӷ磬ҿŷỹǲҪ˰ɣھͻྩȥ
ŷǳģϺǺҵĵ̣ӷΪǾԲݵģһ뾡һа취ýһֶҪӷ
ţ治֪㵽ڵʲôǵҵİȫĻǶ롣
ǣ˺ϱ棬źҵ˶Ѿ֪ˣϱЩŮȦЩһѾȫҵ˺ңǺҶıжˡ

ӷһЦ˵˻治±ྩˣϺ򺮼үȻҳ֣ǾͲȥ֮飬ܺһʲôֶΣҽžˡ
˵Сӣ˵ڻСȻ񣬵ҵҲԲСѽ컹Щ죬ǺһϺоŹġ
ӷЦЦ˵ѵǻͨҲɡ
ӷ磬ĵľҪͨһ˷ǳ򵥵ġ
İɣҵֲɵϣҽΪʲôںҴˣǱҸҪͨҵĻǾ͵ڽǺҵĳ¸˳ȥҪӣԼԼ˵ģ
㲻ͨ㣬Ҳ뿪ϺѽȲ˵Ϻںϱ򣬹ƺѾ֪ͨϺڵҲڣ
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ߣû뵽ΪĸŮ飬ǰһѡ
ĸŮ̫׳ӷ˼ǳôĻô˵һְأҲ̫˷ѽ˰ɣ
ӷȴὫԼߺĸŮֻ룬ȻҶ⣬Ѿྩĵ̣ΪʲôԣֻҪһĻҾһݣһϺϺЩʲôݽɫҲһĿĿࡣ
ˣĸŮʱסɣһǵġŵŷȻὫĸŮŵྩȥ
ҲǶ˵ʲôӲΪ½ŵ˼ˣɾϺŷᣬʱһҪҲһҪõ̬ڼߵǰ
뿪˾Ƶ󣬳ӷһ绰ڹúڹ˵ϺĸŮһһһҵҵ˺ĸŮͲðˣ
Ϻһ˽ҽԺҵڳӷ뿪󣬽ͽҽԺںϱҲͷӷ˼¶ѣûʲô󰭣ӷҲɵϼһ֣ô˵Ҳιҵ쵼ˣԼһûƺý˵ĻͻȽ鷳
ڣϱֵҲѾ˹ںϱŮΪȫɢȫأһʱҲǸϲģϱѾ֪ͨǣĹжæҪʱϺһˣԼҷô飬ѾҪˡ
֣ǺҶˣСһҪ
ݺ˵ë˲ߣԼڻеĶӣûͣǰִĸŮʱ򣬸벻ԼҲôһ졣
֣һҪΪ汨ѽΨһĶӡë߿ޱ˵
ϱͷϻһĻܵԼͷһݺݵı飬˵ܵҺˣȻҴңСʲôͷҶҪû뿪Ϻ
Աߣһֱû뿪ΪֹҲ֪ӷݣӲ֪ӷʲôˡ
үӣȻСǺŵѣֻҪҵţһҵСӡ
˵ѾȥҺˣҪҵĸŮΣһˡ
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ϱϵܺ϶˵磬ҲǺԶֲ̫ãǰëĽ飬ҿĿദɡ
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ˣһ꣬Ʒǳᣬ֮Ҳû˵û򺮳ϱʺá
Сˣôˣʵ
֣˵汻˸ˣ֪ͨ˿ҲѾ֪ˣҲϹġ
ǿֱߵ˻ԵĺǰʵԺҵȻ˸ںҶֽүү֪Էʲôͷ𣿡
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ڶΪӷǸһеĹ¶ĻǾ֤ǸԲУһ¶ྩίǸֳҶ
ҲСʲô򵥵ģҺҵˣǾһҪ
ϱԿ˵ĸɾһ㣬Ҫκ˻ɵҺҵͷ
үүģСӣû뿪Ϻ


176 Ϻ2
ӷصұʱԶɽ۶ڣҲ֪ʲôȥˣҵĵȫûгţһۼ˴ڣڵʲôƵġ
ӷһʱҵеĳǼȫ˳ӷ磬͸ӷһμʱһЩһûһƵģ·Ҫӷ˰㡣Ҳܹǣ˭гԶɽʽ˳ҵļ̳أڳҵЩһһĴԼҲãԼĸĸҲգЩƴסԼڳңŵĵλ˵ǲκδۣû뵽ӷһЩŬ׷ˣ
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ǳŵڳҵĵУͶ˶٣ҪСֵĻӷϴ󣬵ڳǵĿУӷֻǸˣһİ˶ѡ
ŵĳ⣬ӷ粢ûнϣһһóӷе⣬ǼһҲΨһһɳϵģûһƣȴŶصʱиУû˿ı飬ֳĿһ̬֮ǳ϶Ķӣҵڳӷ֮ǰҲȻǳҵеļ̳ˣ
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˶٣ӷ˵ڳҸԺ˭֣žүүˣպᷢʲô˭Ҳֻ֪ҪǸҲ⵽ʱŽǣǰǣǧҪԼ飬󲻵ġ
ӷ绰䣬ڴֻ𣬽绰󣬳ӷҲȳҵǶԣתߵ˴ſڣڴſͣһ£ת˵ˣǸղ˵Щ£ҿֻСˣ
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⣬ҪүӸ󲮸ڶǵùǡ
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ҿʲôû˵ϵ̫ˣС·ϱײˣֻߵʲô˱˸ˣǹʲôѽ
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ˣҸʲôȥʲôɣϣûǣҲûҡ
˵꣬ҵһ߳˱һҲ뿪ˣ


177 Ϻ3
ӷӵĵ绰ģ˵кҪҳӷ磬ҪϺһҸ߼ֲȥһˣ
ӷȻ֪ǲԼȥʲô˵ģһԼүүԼ׵˼Լүү׵ݣҪԼˣҲһͨˣԳӷҲûе飬ֱһΪֲĵط
ֲϺõһҾֲҲרṩЩݣеλȨ֮˾ۼĵط
ӷֲſʱͼſڵļԱӷһʵʾһĻԱ
ԱӷⶫѽԼҲǵһϺǵһҾֲͲ֪ʲôԱġ
˼˵ģûʲôԱ
Ǹ߼ֲûлԱĻǲܷȥ
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˵ɫһ䣬ԼԱŭϹǵĹۣҲȫҹ
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˶Գӷ˵ӣʵڱǸЩ˲ʶʹȥ
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ӷ벻ҾֲȻ̿ģ̵ĵλͣʶԼĸǾͲôˡ
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ӣһᣬӦϾҪˡ
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ŵȫжţǳӷ磬Zе磬Ҳǳӷѧʱڵͬѧû뵽ϺȻͬѧ
ӷе˷ܣ磬ָоӷҲе㼤ģվһЦݵĿŰš
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˵ˣӷ͵һȣָֻܿԭı顣
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ššһ˵ǵģǻһ𡣲ԽԽˣȻϺȴϵʱСѡĻڻҸģϧǡ
Żδ꣬һŮ˵˵ţ˼·϶³ˡ
һճ˳ӷǰӷ˫е񣬿ԼŮˣΪһӶûлˣǣ죬ȻٴˣῪЦѽ
һЦݵ˹ڼӷһ̣ıҲǷ˷츲صı仯ͬ˫۳񣬿ųӷ磬˫ле⣬˺һᣬе㼤ӷ磬㣬ӷ磿


178 Ϻ4
ӷһʱ˵ǰ֣ԼˣԼǸһеĹ¶ļͥȴǳãȻûνĸĸԣȴòΪԶ㣬ӷһԼʲôǣǣѡ˸ӷֿһͬѧһ
ڣӷǧ򱶣һ¶ҡһ䣬Ϊ˳ҵļ̳ˣй̫үֳΪˣǰʲôûУӵеȴ̫ˣӷҲò̾µı仯
ǣǰڣӷ綼ûк޹Ϊӷ֪ÿһ˶Լ·ҪߣôȥѡǸ⣬ˣܲˣӷҲĵףϣܵõҸ
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179 Ϻ5
ӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɣȻ˵
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ų˳˱Ļ˵Ҳ֪ЩүǰԼû˵ʸ񡣶ųһǸŮҲǽų˸˹˵ѽҲǶЩʲôˣˣСɾûˣ
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180 Ϻ6
ŵŷᣬΪŽӰӽĵһӰżκε⣬Լ߻ȺڣԼŶҪһٸƣȻ͹˳ӷ統ʱȳ֮ˣ
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181 Ϻ7
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182 Ϻ8
ˣ𣿾ȻҸ񾭲ļܵŵŷȥڿɺãӷ練һǰԼŷˡ
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һǸӷϹڱôһ㣬ƺǱߵıڻ࣬ҲûֵĻᣡ
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˽ǽϣһһ룬ֱ˹ȥ֮󣬼˽ӿĺŴߣųҲǵĺ档
ҴڣԶɽѾˣҵȴһҲûڡ
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һŹۿЦһ£̾շһСҾͱըˣڻҪȥɱˣҪǱ֪ˣҪ£


183 Ϻ9
ྩټྩļᣬ֮ǰλǱҲѾˣǻӸô˵ӵְҲȾҪҪѽȨҲȾҪ࣬Ϊҵˣôɵһ쵼˲ȥĵġ
λĿǰྩߵľʱȶʣµľǾˣǾûĹϵҪģǽȥڣίǱߵװѾˣͽеװȫȥɡ
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184 Ϻ10
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ðɣǾ͸ӷһСʱʱȥˣһСʱ󲻹ܲܰ˾ȳһҪ


185 Ϻ11
ҵ飬Ŀҵ˾ǽѴһ鵽ȻѵǿˣѵǸѳĻǾͲ֡
ӷıԴɱ⣬Ҳô벻ȻǶų˸Ĺ
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ӷҪԸ߹֣ȻµĻǳӷҲǿھͽӴϺӷ粢ģȻнķȻ٣Լ⹫ıϺ֮ǰ϶ҲѾ뵽˻ôĺ֪ʷһֵ֮ˡ
ӣҲ֪׳ģû׳ĻûڵңԣֻҪ£ǹңҶһüͷġ

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ڴõмλãҲʮ¥˸ųˣмĳԱȾƣȴڣӣɱҪˣɱ£Գ棬ҲֻһڰӰ˵ͷ԰ɣͷԶûеĻſĿൽʱҲὫｻ
ȫӸҲѽˣ޷˵ϵ·Ȼǳ룬ûбַļ󣬿ϣУϣȴкԵˣҲǸġ
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٣İɣٰȻѾźһУֻСһҪء
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Сӣȥɡ
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ǹܴ󣬼ĳԱȫЦǶԣϸûܵеĹӵνĳˣֻǴ˵ѣ
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Ҫӷ磬㲻ɱңҰܣҲӦɾץңɶҵ㣬ûȨɱң
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ӷ䣬ٶȷǳ죬쵽һ۾ৡһ˵Ѫϡ
ӷ磬ǣǿͬѧ㣬ͷŹһ·ɣұ֤
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ҽԺ
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186 Ϻ12
ϱѾܲסˣô˵ԼҲĹ쵼ѽûκ˸Լǰ˷εãȱһëͷСӸ˼ƣԼҲĵڶڴϣڣԼҾȻӸΧʹĺϱŭ𣬼Щ˻ų˭ֻҪ߳ұ벽ǹС
ϱеĲ豭һŭˣھͳȥ뿴ǻ쵰ô
϶סĴ磬˵磬ȲҪ嶯ϾĿǰӲ֪ΪʲôҪǵǱɡڹСӽΪǿԵȽ˽֮ٸˡ
ټйҾʹû¹˭ѵҪСӸȫҡ
ϱһˤҲܲôˣҪ߳ȥҲ뿴Щ˵ûǸԼǹ
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Щӷ粻ǲǲȻΪδޣǾͰɡ
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ʮ꣬û֪ʲôطд˵ʮǰһˣĴҲޣȴǽСޣ


187 1
ϺҽԺڲϣӦ˵Ҳûдӻѹ
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ڽӵӷĵ绰̸ϵҽԺֻ˵Ƥ˲ŷ
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ֻһ㰢벻ͨӷôȳ˵ģ˵ĻŸһ֪ӷǸ޸֮ǲħ֣˵ǮſӷֻǸ¶ѧǮҲǹ¶ԺģûǸȥôôȳأһ˫۾ֱĿųӷ磬Ҫӳӷпʲôֻϧܰôȥôȥ۲죬ĳӷ綼ѾԼʶǸӷˣˣ
ţ㲻õģҽ˵Сûʲô󰭣ܿѹġ
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ܰ
Ŀѩѣ˫ۿĶӿ˵СοˣûȥܵĵطȻԼСֵܡ
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188 2
żѾŵ˻ྩˣںţΪŷ֮ӰҪˣеԱݣоĹԱҲѾλڽһ֮ڣŶҪ˼ϷϣҲΪӷ罫ĸװŵྩϺҵĸ˵ҲҪйĵġ
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189 3
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ͬʱ߼ĹߣӷʵûİգձǸţ˻֮⣬ƻձձͬǳӷûнӴġ

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190 4
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192 ѡ
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ӷΣŸոշǶλãѾʼѡˣⲻǴ˵ֱӳϵǶλŵġ
үү֣Ҳ̫Ǹ˰ɣ
ӷ磬ʲôˣôԼ֪ѽ
Զɽװһʲô֪ӣٿ˿ɣЦɣɫѽϢĺܺá
վڳӷһֱͷȥκˡ
ӷ̾˿ãҲˣԼүү׸һʲô֪ڣһжǶ޹Ƶģ
ȻǶѾ̶ˣٷԵĻ˵̫ˣ治飬ǿǲǡ
ӷ磬ҸүүҲûھͽѽֻȶѡҲѾ⹫ţĸȻҲ֪ǳҸƼ£ǶᷴԵġ
⹫Ҳ֪ˣ
Ǳ֪£û´ĻѾɵϸˡӷѽȻŮˣǵպҪ˵ûϾݲͬӹҷ˵޷һڵϱģΪģһվԣ
ӷôû뵽أ绰¸Խ죬ƳҲˣʲôˣ鶼ѾˣԽ죬ҲԸĶǸ֮˰ɣ
ҿڲǸӡۣô
˵֣ǾͰ˼ڴڼɡ
Ǻãʹߣʱ˹ҲѾæˡ
ǵصأϺǾǣӷסྩ
ǽĻȻѡ񾩳ǻϺȻֻǶ飬ǾѡྩɣӷҲȽϷġ
ϴ绰߽졣
ӷ˵үү֣ҿϺѾˣͻྩȥ
ɡ⣬Ѿྩ׼һ·ӣȥ͸סһ𣬱ٸƼǼѾͷһˣⶼҪˣŮסһӰ첻̫ã
ӷ翴˿ɣʵ˼أ
νǰһҪһ˹ҵģྩҲס˼졣
Զɽ˵ɣƼҵ飬ڲҪҸֲˣʱӷȥɡ
ӷһ˵ʲôȥүүྩǱߵ鶼æأ
ֲᵢʲôһǱߵĺ̸̸ֵ֮ģ̸¢ĻͽĶȥƼǱֱֵ֣ˡ
˵Ҳ̫˵ɣֱˣǿֵྩĶǰѽô𣬿ɲҪʱԼ˼Ҹˣ
үүҡ
ۣ봺ҲԶˣ㻹ȥ׼ɣҳȢףɲñЦ
ãϰš
ˣ˾Ǳߵĸ߲ȫϾǸҶˣܺԵˡ
֪ˡ
ӷΣ˵ôôǸĻƵģƣҪȫѽ


193 Ҫ㸶
ܲ
Ŀ࿴ԼĶӣ˵Ҹ˵ٴˣྩǱߵҪȴȥɱǸӷ磡
֣ʵʲȥɱСӣҡ
ɱбµĻСѾˡڿɺã˷СˣҵƲأҪҽྩļƻˡ
֣Ҹһȥྩɡ
Ŀһ£˵ҲãϾֻ£ڰ¸ˣպܻΪһڻ
ȻϰλӣǿĿȻὫ涼ܵԼλӽҪԼĶӵģڴλ֮ǰĿҲκһ˵ųԽԼտ׵ģպҪˡ
ʵ˸û̫ҰģΪĿ֪֮˲ŻͶģû̫ߵĵλֻҪǿĿุ£ᾡһȥɵģҲûºõʲôô
Щ飬Ǹģ˲ȥ룬Щƾһ֣˻ڵ˰ĵҲʮ־壬һĿȻǴҲڼǰɵĵطȥȥˣྩǱߵ飬ſĿǲô׽˽лģ
ˡ
һСܴӰ칫˽ûţÿŭ㲻ˣ𣿡
СܵݸλȻͼ֣ûнĿ칫ҵʸҲѹֿ˴ŭ
Ŀ֪ʲôµĻԼ˾Բôţʵ˵ɣʲôˣ
ٰһŮ˴ܲһǺֵܶܡ
ʲô˭ôĵӣȻҴܲ˷
֪Ҳһ仰û˵Ϳ򡣡
жˣʵ
һ
һûһŮˣ
ǵġ
ûõĶһŮ˶Ըˣҹȥ
֣ȥɣϾϺշ£ʱֳʲôĻǱ߾ҪԷྩǰһԷˡ
ĵҲûǱ߸ջ죬Ϻ߸ճ£ֳʲô£ұǱ֪ˣǹƵùԼ
ȥɣֻǸĻˣҪɱˡ
ס
ܲ¥һɫƤµŮֱӴһ¥¥Ѿ˺ܶԱŮȴû˿ֹͣĴ㣬һ˫ȭͷһ˫ȣһˣͣĳ¥ϴȥ
ȫס֡
¥󺰵ĳԱǵٰѾˣס֣һҲȫֹͣ
¥Ŀ¥ŮˣʵС椣ĵӿ治Сƾһ֮͸Ҵܴܲôˣ˲ѽ
Ů˷ǳмʵӦþٰɣ
¡С椣㴳ܲʲôĿģ
ĿֻΪ㸶ۡ
Ů˵ĻÿеͿʵʶ𣿡
㻹ûʸʶҡ
ߺߣǾͲ֪ǲʲôط㣿
Ĳңҵδ򡣡
δ˭ѽҿɲʶ
Ů˻ɢǿҵɱΪʧȥһ룬ͲҪô鷳һĴѾ˿Ŀİ칫ң˫ָ
ӷ硣
ŮȻɣҪӷһྩģ֮ǰ˵еҪ죬óӷڳȵһᣬԼº͸һྩ
ӷ벻ҪܲÿΪ֮ǰ鸶ۡ
û뵽ѽӷСԼңȻŮ˸˹ҲãС椳ͦˮģԵŮѽӷ͸ңҲܲҪѽ
ǳɭҽСץס˭Ҳ
ǣٰ
ɼһȺ˳Լ˹۾ûգһ£Լһ˳ӷ磬ҪԸЩСɫǴ´ġ
˿̼˲˼һĻһŮˣȻԼǰɵԼ£¥ֱ¥ٵ¥Լʮ֮
ˣڼʶɵֶκ󳹵׻ˣôҲ벻ԼȻһ͵ŮˣŮһˣͿԵеĹԼܲˣҲ̫̬˵ɡ
ס
ڼµıȥĿҲѾӰ칫˳ڼһĻʱĿʵ⵽ô£
֣ӷСӾ˸Ů鷳
ʲôǸӷ硣
̴γһǹȴ޷׼˵ǿǹˣΪɵĶ̫죬쵽ԼҿǹĻֻԼˡ
Ͻ˹
Ŀһ챻Ů˽ԼܲˣҪǴ˳ȥԼԺҲˡϵ˻ô˵ֻô˵Ŀ࣬ȻһСѾͷԸˣô£Ҳ̫˰ɡ
һ˿׼ҸӵǰϴĮͬɽ㣬˫ɱ¾ÿĿุе㷢ë
ʶҲûãģδûнɱ㣬ûҪ˼ԣҾµ㶫ɡ
ɽ첢ɱ˵ģֻ֪ӷ磬ǲġ
ৡ
һѵɵСԶʣɵС
תһȥ

ס֣Ҷӡ

Ͳκһ˷ӦѾ¥ȥվһ¥Ĵ֮ڣ̧ͷһ¥ĿĿ࣬˵סֻǸѵѣԺٸδΪУǾͲһ̺ôˣһὫȫɱ⡣
ȵʱʲôоûУ˺üŸоԼϿʼʹһȥȫѪ
ɱӣȻһݡ
ңԶɽӷ罻˼ྩ飬ڶ£òҪǱߵκ֪ȻԽġ
ȻԶɽ˼ǣҪӷ粻Ҫй¶˶ͷݣֻҪݲй¶Ǿ㵽ʱﾪ룬Գҵǿ԰ƽģὫԼҸˮ
ǸѾͷʲôȥྩֱ˵һ𣬺ҵһ硣
ӷ磬ŮҪԡ
ۻ䣬ɴ˽ϵǹɱӦǸոɢȥãӷȻûȥ⣬ȴڵһʱµԼϱʲô
ˣ
ţڿˡ
ǿɣûϻ˷˼ʮǮ
ɿƵĿųӷ磬˵ǳҸԼҵļ̳ˣôںôʮǮѽ
û˵ֻЦЦԶɽ˵үү֣Ǿˡ
Զɽ˵߰ɣҲҪʼ׼ʱĶˡ


194 ޼
ӷɸһ뿪ϺԶɽ۾Ѿʼæµ𴺽ʱĶˣʱ򣬳Զɽ벻Լһɱжʽʼ
⣬ŵǳѾӷˣóӷ绹ʲô⣿
ҵȫۼϺһܵĵطᱻκ˷֣ǸԵĸףҲ֪ڰѾƻŰɱӷˡ
ڳҵʱȻұֳʲôʱҵʱҲֻǱƽΪԼһɱֱӷɵˣǲˬӵǳԾû뵽ձǱߵɱ֣κβ˳ӷ硣
磬Ŀձˮĸ֣ҲӦ֪ձˮҪɱ֮ˣʮоŸҪɳڶɱֵģһΣˮɱ־Ȼˣã᲻Ǵʲôڰбӷ磿
ⲻ̫ܣԴ󲮸үӵԸ񣬲ôںӷ磬ӷ粻ڵĻǾԲڰбӷģ
Ǵ󲮸үӣձɱֻǱ˭ɱأҿɲųӷԼǸ£ıһʲô֪ĸִڡ
ôӷһҪǾ޷ҵõκζͷһС
ϵһձ棬˾ǮҾҲһóӷСӻϡ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǴҾԼԼȥɣȻûǡ
ȫ뿪󣬳ҵûлسңûдϺǶһŻƱֱɶ
ǶһʡУͬʱҲǻ֮ء
ңڵƣȻݺᶫʮ꣬δйκεİܼ
ү֡ǱߵѾȶˣʣµȻиصĸ˴ǽʲô
һһͷ𷢵վһǰ˵ͷ𷢲ȾģģǶҵˣҲΪһͷ𷢸ǹĹϵŽ˿
˿ΪүһСߣСϲͣҲû˿ĺ£ֱСҧһڣһץסСߵߴ紦磬ৡһҲ֪ʲôʱһذףСߵͷ
һĻеģȻԼͷС߾Խ˶ϣȴûһѪһǳĶ飬ӦǾɣӦ˵Ǿԣ
ˣȫˣŮˣȫҤȥһһٸˣֱΪֹйڵ֪һΪУ³
˿ҲԾԼүֶΣҲֻԸ񣬲ʸΪҵļ̳ˡ
޼໹Ӣȴ͸¶аΪҵĽӰˣ޼Ѿƹ˻еȨүүҲǷǳĵĽһнȥ
ʮ껹Ļ޼ƹһӴļ壬֪еĲǶ񶾵ֶΣͬʱǸǳˡ
йһУһǳܳеĳţҲеĳݸеߺڵҲе̵ȴȥںЩߵʲô·ֻҪͻᱻޣö֮й˹Щ˵ĳƺš˫𣬲ݸĽܡ
ȲǲݸĽǺε˫ָľǾǵķ죬λҵĻˣ޼
ү֪ôˡ
˿ո뿪޼䣬ּһŮ߽˵ү˰ݷá
޼մӷһѻδɾѪĴ̵Ů˽еĴ̵ֱӳ˹ȥ

̵ûдŮˣǴŮԱߵǽϣŮȴûκεľŸ£˫۾·ǱƵģûκεԡ
ʲôˣ
ҵĳҵ
ҵӦʲôʱܻġ
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ɡ
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һӺ󣬳ҵǸŮ˵Ĵ£˻޼ķ䣬޼Ů֣Ů뿪ҽŸ
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ҵ޼ǴѧʱڵУѣҵս֮Ųã޼ͱҵˣҲʶϻ޼ʱΪҵǳҵļ̳ˣȻҪύģֻԴӻ޼ҵ֮󣬾ûҵֻǵ绰ϵ˼Σû뵽죬ҵȻҵԼ
λҴүûµĻԲԶҵġ˵ɣʲôҿ԰æģ
磬Сο²ѽ취ĻСҲ鷳ˡ
СӻǸһϻ̫ˣǡ˵£û¹
ҵ֪޼ƢҲͲϻˣ˵磬С㣬Сɱһ˵ġ
ɱˣ˵ϵܣͱ翪Цˣǳҵ˵ɱһˣҪһٸҲԲһġ
Ҳ»ЦҪɱˣպþǳҵˣԣǳҵôҲﲻѽ
޼ЦѵϵҼ̳˵λӣ
Ȼ˵ãһ¾ͱˡûǸ˵ȷвСڼĵλϵһ죬Сܾûӹ
֣ǳҵеļҲ֪ģ֮⣬˸ûʸѽ
ǰȷûУڣˡ
ŶѵǼ滹һ˽ӣ
Ǽ壬ҡ󲮡
޼һ䣬ʵ˵ǣۣ
ûҴ󲮵Ķӣȴ˽ӣӡ
ⲻܣ˶֪۵Ķʮǰ͹ˣô֡һ£ѵǰʱ䴫˵Խҵһģ
Ϊҵļ̳ˣ޼֪֪ҸԼ֮Ĺϵǰʱ䴫Խҵ֮£ǲҲǳ۵Ķ
ҵ˵ͷ˵Сӽгӷ磬˵ǻҲеڣСܲŻһģϣܰСܽӷСӸպСܵ˳ңˡ
ҵһ˵޼ɾͶˣҲܲ˭Լʲôڣ˳ҸԼ˵ĻԼйڵָˣ˳ҵĲ֧֣ʲǫ̼̂ңϺǷңͳͳᱻԼڽ¡
޼ȴὫϲñֳװһʹ޵ӣ˵Ǹӷ֪ڻͭǰҲ˵绰˵ǻҵĻǻʦͽ˶ǸӷɱˣΪʱ䶫̫ȶĻ˵ྩȥСˡڣ˵ӷ󲮵Ķӣһɣྩǰﱻ֮£᲻ҲйأϾʱǷļԽ´ġ
Ȼӷ͸ҽ˳𣬻ɱ˻ҵˣǳҵ͸ӷˡ
磬£鷳ˡ
ϵܣģȥһྩҲǸӷ磬һôĽɫ
ȻҵĿĴﵽˣҲ̷Ϻ
ڳҵ뿪Һ֮ǰǸŮֽ˻޼ķ䣬˵үڳӷ飬ɲ̫ˣϾǳ۵Ķӣɱ˻ǻرҲ򵥡
޼ЦôˣʱˣˣǸһͬ
ˣʱˣǸһͬȴ󻰣ȫйȫ磬Ҳֻ޼֮˲Ÿ˵ڡȻ˵˵˵˲ث֣˵ˣǾҪ׼е벻ĺ


195 
Ϊڹ˾ĳûǰôˣڹһҲʼ⣬ǵĶ֮һչûʲôʱܵȾơ
ɽǹǱҲйʱҲûǣʹԭرʿǣڱķǳĽ鿪ơҲΪ׬ǮǰԼǮﶪ
ǬǸǰһɽ˸ûȥܹǱߵ飬һжɺڹҲɽ˵ǰ㣬ɵΪ˸ӷùϵҲû׬Ǯ뷨ӲȱǮ
ϣѸϷһ°ǣڳŵ֮⣬κε
ǬһǺƾƣҲֵķǳ֣ûȥǬܣû£һСѾͷͬһɳϺơƣʲôƵġ
ʵ飬ôˣ͸һƵģôⲻ̫Ըѽ
ĽЦһ£˵Ѿͷ⼸춼ǲʲôҲ˵ӷܵ͸ܳ⼸ҲˣǷ
Ϸ˵˵˧ȥϺѾüˣϺֳô£ѺҸɵˣǲҲûˡ
ĽǿЦһ˵滳ϱǲʲô£ΪʲôʶһһѸأǬǾͼͲ˵ˣӷܵڸţǱ߶û˸ȥϺԣãһϺͽϱүһ٣ѹָྩľӸ˹˵ǱѾ۷׷ˣ˵ӰΧϺ顣
˵ô࣬ھǱҲû֪Ϻľû֪ӷܸܵ£ǵĻٶ࣬Ҳ۲Լҵġ
˿̣ǱߵǬסˣߵߣ˵Ѿͷʵģһܰɣ
ûʱ䣬Ĵȥ
ӵĵǬһۣǬ˵Ѿͷ⼸ôˣǼһصӣ
أûϵ
ǬҪ˵ȴѾɳվǬΪҪͻȻϮ̰ڳһɼܵơ
ˡ
Īһ仰Ǭ̨ǱߵĻŮȫ˴ſڣͼӷһǶûŮ˽
λ첻ûѽ
ӷһ͹ЦྩҲֻطóӷоҲֻлǣóӷĸоңʵҪ̫ࡣ
ӷܵܣҲ̫˼ˣϺô裬ȻҲǼô˵ҲԼѽкôѽҲǣϺҲ
һĲˬӷЦǼλͨѽôѾյˡ
ǣǵôĹѽյϺܵȥѺϱˣֹ֮ϺŮѣְྩϺȥ˾Ƿ棬ˣϺҶ㶨ˣ
Ϸ˵㿴һ۳ӷɣʵ˧磬λСǣ
Ŷǽһ°ɡɣմӹƼҸǳɡ
ĽʵƼң˽ֵǸƼң
ɸҪʺãԱ߹˵ޣɡ
Ȼһޣⲻò˳Ծ
ǼǬȻҲ˵޵ģǿǼ̶ʮǰֵ֮һǣ˵еޣôһйˣһһŮˣ
Ҳû뵽һСѾͷ֪ԼݣͬʱҲȻһ۾ϳԼ޵ģǾ;ԲͨˣôһСѾͷɻ²ݡ
ǬʱѾ˻ߣѾͷ⼸͹ŹŹֵֹģֻɢǿҵɱʲô
ĽͨȻǸоνɱѸϷȴڵһʱоˣӣɺܲѽ
ӷסɵ֣ҡҡͷȻߵǰЦѾͷܳĻˬɣ
ȴûȥӷ磬Ȼǿɣʵ޵ļʶӦòµĵ˭ɣ
ɲһСѾͷоСѾͷôòҲɵĶŭģȻǳӷѣҲЦСãҿĳ㲻ͨˣ
ϻ˵ʮ룬³ҵݡ
ɢɱһ㣬Ŀȴɣǡ

ӰһһƷǿڵơƿĵ졣
Ѿͷʲô
ӷһһƾȻǹԼģԼӦʱһƵĻ¾Ҫˡ
顣
һûдгӷ磬ڳӷһ̣һӣǿ˷顣
ͬʱ󾪣˭Ҳû뵽ȻԳӷ֣ҳ־û˿飬һ
Ǭ˫ķǳ˵DܣѾͷȻɽ֮ϣ⣬ôܣΪʲôһֱû֣
ԣѾͷʵDߣ۷岻ԶˡǣʲôԵģ
Ѹ˵꣬ͼں졢ֲͬһһȣֲͬʱһɢ˳
˵˫ߣ
˫ԣԵܾۼһ⣬ôܣ˫Եߣ
ӷɵĻ֪ǲģΪԼҲߣߵ飬ȻԼҪ
ӷҲԾǿΪӷѾµпڵˣڵļһȻǿһСѾͷ͵˵ľ磬治֪Ǵ˵еѪħɲֻǿһôĵز
ѾͷҴĻҾɡ
ɫһ䣬˵ǴҪɱ㡣
ĽһţǰֹҪǲʲô᣿
룬ӦǽӵҪɱҵİɡ
ӷ粢ûз˵仰Ҳûֻ֣ʵ֪ҵݣ
ӷ˵ͷû˵ȴ˵˵˰еŭʹǸʮСѾͷڼʶŭʹ
ڣŭʹ
ĽǼ໥һۣǬʵʲôѾͷڵˣ
˵˰ϵĸ֣
Ϸ˵û뵽СѾͷȻ˰ʮĸ֣Ҳ̫仯˰ɣ
˵˰ʮĸ֣ɲŮ
ѸϷ嶼ܳԾǬҲ⣬Ľ飬ȴ֪ƵģһҲûֳԾ̬֮
飬ֻ֪ǰû˵ǲ֪ˣʵ
ʱĽ黹ʲôģ˵ͷ˵ʵǷҵģҲǷĸã
常ɲ֪ģȻǷĸã常ҲǸɵɲԯͺˣ


196 Ծ1
ȻӷµڵˣҲԲףôҲ벻Ȼ֮һ˰֡
һʮҵСѾͷȻܳ嵽˰֮УɼʵСӣͬʱɲԯ˲ãȻһʮҵĸ֡
ǷҪɱҵģѾң
ӷ粢ûбֳԵ˵ı飬ʲôݣڳӷУȻǸСѾͷƤֿɰСѾͷ
ʵҲɱ㣬ΣѾס˰Ȩ˰ʮ֣ȻҾͲò֡
ˣĽ鲻˵ѾΪʲôڷһ£ˣ
ѾͷҲΪˣΪྩʱͷһʶˣӲɱ֡οǸD˫ߣҲɱҵġ
ɱɱˣȻѾӵǾһҪ֡
֮ǰ˵㲻ѾӷΪʲôֻΪһ仰Ҫɱңû´Ļڵĵλǲˣ
һɲԯӡŮ˵ɲԯڵĵλ޷ȥȫģҲԲĽһܺõӡڣȻ᲻һеҪɱӷ磬Ҳ˵ڵĵλ϶Ҳġ
ڳͷ֮⣬滹Ĵȫڵĸ߲ԱĴڵȫȨڡǣǰһˡ
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198 ԡѪս1
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199 ԡѪս2
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200 ԡѪս3
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ӷ̧ͷվ¥ˣȴûȥһԱˣҲ̫˼˰ɣȻҵֵܵ񿳣ˣҸôأ
ӷʱΪԼˣڼӷ籾˾վ棬˵һתе㲻ʵӷ磬ô㣿
ΪʲôңղŲ˵Ҫҵֵܰҽ˾б£ȡ
һ¥£վԱǰ棬˫èĶųӷ磬˵ԭǶͷϴǸصľ


201 ԡѪս4
뵱꣬ͭྩǰʱҲ˺üųΪྩĺڵû뵽ԳӷͣȻڶ̶̼֮ྩ󲻵ģͬʱҲκ˶󲻵ģԳӷܽݱֵأԼĻƲ˭Ҳ鲻ӷͷȥ
ڣۼӷĳ֣پȫվڳӷߣ֤ǰĵȷȷǶͷϴ󣬿ﻹ룬ӷ絽ôģƾ֣ҪǾû⣬ϺʱѾʶˣħնڶľԡǣҪһڰҳΪһǿɾͲǿܰ쵽ģҪڲֶͬΣͷԣ⼸Ȼͬʱһϣʵ벻ͨӷ磬һôˣ
ӷ磬û뵽ôּˣ벻ǣȻǶͷϴ󡣡
ڻ治ԳӷʵټһɣһԼԼЩֵܣƻǰһྩԱһ޻ˣ
ˣҶﱾǾˮˮﲻǲȽҶĵ̣һɱЩֵܣҲĻ޷ֵܽ㿴ǽȫɱأǵɱһΪã
˿ӷ˵ĳضĵԱȴͬһЦ㣬һǰ˵Сӣǲ֪ߵغ֪ڸ˭˵𣿡

˻䣬ͻȻһεĿ紵ȥڳӷߵͬ㣬˵ǰžһһĶ˵ϡ
֪ڸ˵˵𣿡
һͬʱѾصԭأһĻ䷢̫죬پ׷ȴǿʮǶҲе㲻Լ۾Լλôʶһô̬ŮˣٶҲ˵ɣѣľٶĻţĿһС
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иֵһ٣ɲᱻһŮ˰״ˣҪǰɸʮ˿졣
ɽס֣
֪˸ȴûļֹɽ˾ֵճһ룬ӷԵмλã˭֪һɫֱӴ˵ؿڡ
˳ԾһĻپǼ˴ʱȫһĮɣɵȴһ鶼ûУв֪ʲôʱֵһͼǸ˲ҽһֱӵ˵ϡ
ҲǷ
پ׷ͬȻ󶼿˳ӷ磬Ҫӳӷ֪Ů˵Ǻηʥ
ɳӷڸûȥɵΪ֮ǰӷ·ûпһȻǿŶˣ˵ˣ㻹˵˵£ô˰ɣҪҶ֣ԼԼ
ӷ磬ϺʱҾ˵һȡȡ֮ǰһȻ㵱ʱĲɱ֮ڣһ㡣
䣬˶ˣȴûӷǱ߳ȥһתһֳ˵ĵپƵ˳ӷɵǰȴû뵽еȻǳ˻˹ȥ
ϴ㡭
ৡ
ԲԲڳԱ֮һĹ»ʱĳԱȫ˵˲ӣûκһ˷ӦԼȴԼϴ¡
پǶ֪⵽ôһ£˷֮ǰɱԼˣôڷɱˣ
ŵڵϵԱɭɭ˵Ǿһɣ֮һΪǱġ
ת˶Գӷ˵ֵܵĳѾ㱨ˡ㵱Ĳɱ֮ҲѾˡڣˡ
˹ȻǸӷûпˣʵ̫ϧˡңĿุӶ˻û´ĻڿǼһ֮ҪɱĵһˣҲˣԣӷڲշ֮ģҲо֮⡣
ֻҵ°ܽѣٴһΣȻҵĶ֡
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ӷ˵ˣҲһᣬһ֮ڴµĻҾͷߡһ֮޷ĻǺͲ˵˰ɣ
е㲻ˬӷ磬Ҳ̫ˣȻҸͨȭָҴ򡣡
ĵ˵ɡ
ӷߵһŵǰʯͷҲǺηڳ˵ǰ
پȴĵǼһﲻͨˣҶĶ֣ʯͷǲʯͷȥ𣡡
ӷЦپǸʯͷȻѡеˣϴľҪġԱ߿ɣʯͷˣȻҲ˸ᣬʯͷˣԺͺúõĸɡ
ӷ⻰ܲʯͷҲҪʯͷ֤ԼԼʵ㿼鶼ܲסĻͲֵԼȥΡ
پ˳ӷ˼ҲͲٶ˵ʲôˣվ˳ӷߣ˫ۿǰʯͷ
ʯͷ˫ȭգپԷ˵ˣı黹˵ļ㣬·һҰ޵Ϣû˵һϻһѾϰ˺ȭƣ˳˹ȥ
һȭҲҸҶ֣
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ʯͷ˵һţ֮󣬲κһ˶ܵסأʯͷȴûʹڵϴһȻɫʼ࣬ĽҲ֮ǰ˺ü
ԣʯͷǿסʹûʹֳҲһȭֵĶ֮ܵǿĹ̵ʱվԵ˵ʱϲ˿½

ʯͷһڶγ˳˹ȥһΣûֱӽʯͷʯͷԼȭͷÿһȭ㣬һȭ˵Ķ
ӷǳĵ˵ͷ˵پǵǸʶʱ𣿡
پЦǵġ
ʯͷʱǳͬҪǾ㵱ʱļһͬپ˵ҲҿԭʯͷԴ˰ɽСǳԲůû飬ԴΪɽеҰΪ裬ȻȻľʹҰ޵ϢΪǰһȫȫˣʣһˣͶһ뿪˼磬ྩȭԼ
ŶǴӴ˰·ྩģ
ǵġ
һ·Եʲôסʲôط
˳ƤˮΪԵΪ˵·ϵʱҲ˰ؤǮЩ˶һ١
˼ǸѪж
顣
˿̵ʯͷѾ֪ڼα˸ˣÿһΣʯͷվ˵ɫķǳѿǵһμôҪˣҲǵһμӲˣԼȻһһεվһǸ
һѵˣڸˡ
ڳӷԱߵ䲻Ķһ仰ҲѾʯͷǰ
ʯͷһѪ̧ͷɣȴû˵һ仰ҲڵʯͷѾ˵

дӰ붯㿪ɵȴû뵽ɶ̫죬̫죬ԼûļʯͷϷӦɵѾסĲӡ
ɣס֣ȲҪɱ
ӷӵվߵʯͷǰһֽʯͷ
ңû¡
پ۹ȻͦλġʯͷڿʼõĸԺپúøɡ
ʯͷһӷȻԼΪǳԾȴûܳӷΣ˵Ҳ
ŶҪʲô
ʲôҪֻҪִܸͿˡҲϡʲôǮλҪģֻһ塣
ʯͷĻǳӷ벻ġжΪ˽ǮΪ˵λƴһʯͷȴģֻҪһ飬һ壬ˣӷ
ܺáʯͷȻʲôҪҲǿ㡣ҲȨҲҪһ֡ڿʼҶĵս֮һᴫ߱ʽԺȻپߡ
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ʯͷһ˵л񰮣ʯͷΪͣսȥ
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ˣĻѾҪڶˡ֪Ϊʲôɱ𣿡
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ΪҾǸˣǾ̫ϧˡعڿĿุӶĹ˼Ҳ˵һɣ
ô
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νЦ㣬֪
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪһֵĵطأβͶҶ
Ŀ֪֮Ҳܱ
˵ѵεĲɱ֮Ȳһε֪֮ˣӷڸһĻᣬպˣպΪԱڴѡ·ǵʱӭģǾԵ
˵ûҲģͽ£һ˶һ˻صϺϴûɱɳӷ磬ǿĿุӻô룬С֮ĶȾ֮ˣһΪ˸ӷʣʱҲһġ
̾˿˵СӸղ˵ҪģҲʲôǮλһ飬һѡܿ׼ҸôңǶ飬ȴܶ壬ҪɱңһҲҲ֮˼䡣
˵֪ͨļһӣ㲻ã
ɡ߰ɡ
ʲôѾ˵ˣߣĺѽ
֮ˣ᲻ɱˣҸһλᣬ´μ棬һɱ㡣㣬߰ɣ
лβɱ֮Ϊһֻ֣㣬͵ҵлˡ
һ৵һȳӷֱֹӽԼָȴûвҽһһû
Ѫֹ߳ĸ󣬳ӷ̾˿˵ϧˣһ˵õˣĿ࣬ҲǣԲ˵ֻ֣
ӷһ䣬תپ˵پҸһµʱ䣬һ֮ｻ档
ǣ


202 Ǩ1
ĸǱߵոսⲢ¾ʹ˽ˣӷҲѾپһµʱ䣬һ֮潻棬Ҳǳӷֱ´˸￪ս
Ҫ֪ǻڵ濪ս͵Ҫֱĺڵƽƽ
ӷǰ˵ԭ˲ңҲˣڲһˣϺң̨̼ңǸԿйڵڣӷٲǿĻֻеű˴ķݣҪǿҪԼϵྩһ𲽶ңǳӷĵһսҲֻϣڶԿ
ڶྩܣ˱ϵϢܿʹʹһףҪɱྩ
ĿҲɵ֪˵ʵģǰܣҲֶܰܵ˸ѽУһʲôԼûϵ顣ԴӻصϺֲֻᣬһֱˣûȥܲʹĿĿྩ޴Ӳ
ҵǣΪɻݵĹϵûиһȥྩ򣬿³һᱻ˸ңпû뿪ྩ
Ϊ˷ֹͬٴηĿԼڶʱ֮ڲýྩ벽һϵһ̨巽棬Լߡʧһ󽫵̨Ҷ٣ǸҶԼѾ붫СһӼȻǽԼ;Բ֣ò̼Ǳ߷ġʵϣ̨Ҷ᲻֪Ŀ˼ڰ̨̼ҶԷྩȻΪ̼Ҷʧһ󽫣̨̼ҷһҪõġ
ϣڻĺڵϲ˱ϵϢͬʱҲһϢһڵ𾪵ϢǾǣ˰һڶĸˣҲԾ˰֮ս֮󣬵һڶĸͷһ࣬һͬʱѹԳưڵԭһ֮⣬ǻǿƣ
ھ˰ǰֵӷһ㶼⣬ΪǳӷͲ뵽ġȻҪԼȻѾһˣôĿ࣬ͻĵƣҲơ
մѧУصҵĳӷͱǼŮ˸סˣһʳӷôӦһսҲֻɳϿ飬ǲԼδ򣬶ͲҪģţӷӦκһеıʸˡ
Ǽ˳ӷþãӷ綼ǺҲûȥܳӷںڵϵˡ
Ϸ彫˳ӷ磬˵ڵӦѽһ죬кü㡣
ӷӹϷݸԼҲûȥЩӷһȤûУҲ֪ԼȫӦ֪ԼݵģҲȫԼƨģԼֺαȥǡ
Ҳȥڼֲûԡ
˵ӷܵܣЩÿ֪˭ģһФңһңһȻԬТФҸҷԲȥԬТǱߣҽ㻹ȥһ±ȽϺá
ӷ˵ͷ˵ФǱҲǿСϣŲȥƽǰ顣ҷ棬ǲ˳ۣǲλıĻǸǹˡйֵԬТҶӡ󻹲ֻǣѾˣô룿
Ľ˵θϴβһԬТϴΪץǸΣǸл㡣
лңûǮлҸʲôѽ
˵㲻֪ǱѾ´ྩгļԬТྩегҲ˵ԬТϼһǨˣҪлˣȻˣûĻһҲ͸ɵֳ֪Ϊֹ
ӷЦĺûϵɣҲûѽ
ӷܵܣΪʲô˶ԴһйֳһгλȥҸɣⶼǾǰ˵ԬТĹϵŻġ
ʵӷԽǰ˵˵ԬТĺûˣҲǳӷӦԬТģֻھǵʱ˵ˣȻԼԽ˵ˣҲʡԼ¡
гҵİգûϵҲŲȥأɲҪһСĴ˿ྩЩԱȫңһǷѽ
Ľ˵ӷܵܣҾ㻹ȥһ±ȽϺãԽԼİףһԺʲô£ҲҪ̫ĶȻ֪ô
Ľ˵ҲԣԬТЩ˴¿ܴˣЩС£ǻǴ´ģ
Ǻðɣȥ


203 Ǩ2
ڶ磬ӷ춼ڼ￴飬ûóӷǰһȤʵɣʱ򲻻Ҳڼ￴ɡС˵
ӷŷ֣ɿЩ飬ȫС˵һŷħС˵ǰѾкüˣ
ʱ˴￴С˵ǹ顣
ûº𣿱磬㲻Ҫ𣿡
һ˫۾С˵ϿٵƶţͬʱشʮڽʿѧλʮڹһԺʿѧλٶȥҪȥЩʦˡ
ӷûˤԼڶ鷽ѾǿеǿˣҪʮʿѧλʮһԺʿѧλһǹŴѧģӷ绹治ȥȡ
治ЩŮˣӵôߵѧû»ʲôڵѽȥҹ˾ͦõ𣡡
˾׬Ǯ飬ϲѪѡߺڵ
òϣɾԼ˵ˣеǣɵֶΣǲѪѪ
ʵһһֱ㣡Ϊʲô˸ޣ
ʦȡġ
ʦǡ
ʮǰޡ
ӷһʵɲǸޣ
šѾ׵ˣֲ޵䵭Ծ͸ȡţֻΪǸŮˣԾǰˡ桯֡˶٣˵ҹƲĻʦڽ֮Ӧûٳֵġ
㲻˵Ѿ׵ΪʲôҪ
ΪʮǰһδľսͬʱɲҲͬҲΪʮǰһδľսڲֵ֮ġ
һɲһޣǿǾˣô˵˶Ƕʮǰľ֣ҲǶߵɡ
ǵʱҿһҪȥⳡʹսɲޣ˿ǻᱧģ
ˡ
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ʮǰδľսʦɲ֮ġ
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ӷΣҲܳԾʵ˵ʦԯڶʮǰҪֶԸҰһˣ
ǶԸǾսʮǰֲûдӦǴ򡣡
˵أôɵͬʱȥ֣ܳԿģ
ɽеС˵£ʵֵԭҽ
ԭɡ
վ˵ֵԭǣ䡣
֮أ
ûˣһ仰߸֣
ˣɲֲɵӣôΪֵһ仰ŵˣ
ЦҲǺ֪ĻԼȥʰ֣ҿɲµˣ
ãһ治֪ʱ䲻ˣҳȥһˡ
ڳӷ֮̾˿εһɲŮһ޵ͽܣôרʶЩѽ治֪ҵùǵĲѽ
ڱſͣһɫĳܳǷģҲ֮ǰӷ͸ģ֮ܳû˿ˡ
ӷһ£Ǵ㿪ȥģҲ̫ˣӷ粢ϲǸǿȽϺá
ɽׯſڣӷһ⳵ԬТԼĵصȥ
ԬТǨȻֻӷһˣ˺ö˹ϾԺྩĹɲһģܶ黹Ҫ̸˰æܽྩйãԼĺ񰮡
Ϊ˲̫ݳޣ˵лԬТûнĵطھƵ֮࣬ԼңһС͵ı֮ڡ
ӷ簴ϵĵص㣬ԬТſʱſѾͣ˺ܶ೵ͨСλõĳҲк
һٳϵ˸̳ϵ˶߽ȥ沢ûʲô֮ģҲϴεĴᣬҪôģ򣬱˿ǻ˵Ԭгһξˣͷˡ
ӷɲɵת֪ԬТ컹ЩʲôˣһҸФһңɽһһģҿɶ֪ԼݣһǸˣӷ绹ƳӷϺǶʱ䣬Ѿ뵽ʮֽŮƸԼ뷨
һ۵Ľ䴦˲࣬Ҳôѣȫ͸ӷŮǳӷûģطӦñȽϰȫ
С˵㸸һ繫˾֪ҵΣ
ɫװжһƱߺźƱʸһһŮˡ
Ů˿ȥʮӣȻȹ治֪ʲô壬ûѽ
СŮЦˣһȵҵʮһҲϰˡ
Сͬ־ҲСˡ
գ⻰ɲ˵ѽҸĸɶǹҵĹΪǼʶôòŸǵģǿɲҪȻԺǱ߿ɾҪҰȥȿˡ
յЦСͱ˵Цˣྩ˭Ҷ㸸ѽԬгϲ£ԬгǨ㸸ҲҪȥˡ
СǳԺ⵹ǣڵྩ֮⣬Ԭгһ֣ڣҸ;Ҳб֤ˡ
⼸Ů˵Цţע⣬Լ˵߲֪ʲôʱһ
λѣụ̂
տԱ߲ĳӷʵ
ӷ綼֪ʲôԼɲǸȦģʲô̵̲ģˣžͲʶˣԳӷ粢ûȥոСˣֻǺһ֣ԹԵĺš
ǼӷͲԼе㽫Լ˵ɿ̬ȣȻӷˢ磬ԼˡǣǼȫྩгģҲǵĸĸʶྩܶ߹ٵŮȴûмӷ磡
Сӣٸ˵ûأӣ
ߵǲˬյĳƺԣĵλӦռ֮¡
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ȻӣΪʲôشٵ⣿ʵ
ҲʶѽҲûҪشǵκɡ
ѽСðģȻ˵ǰɣ
ֹ꣬˫ڳӷϴһ£Ҳ֪ȻǾԬТĿˣȻԬТĿˣȻһݡ
λѣүү˭˭˵Ҳǻʶء
պɣԷǳɣһھ˼ҵүү׵ģҸ㣬ҲʶѽʶĻǽҲмܵԬТˡ
ӷ粻ɣ⣬ӲȥشһתȥĵطҸύԬТ뿪ǣռȴųӷ뿪


204 Ǩ3
ռ˸Ҫҳӷ鷳Щ˶ԣǾྩڵ̫ӵ˭ԼӣѾľȡ
ɲǰסӷ磬ǰһŮ˵
ӷ磬ʲôʱģ
ӷ߹ФФǳ򵥣һ˶װǸմ֮Ƶģϵˮɫǳãӣ⼸Ѿûȥˡ
ӷЦҸ
Ԭг˵ģþˡߣǱȥİɡ
Ǳ˶࣬ҾͲȥˣܶǲ뿴
ФȻĳӷ˵ָ˭Ҳûǿӷ磬ǿһǼʵӷ磬ʶ𣿡
ʶྩĴҿʶ
ФһЦ˳ҲûȥЩˡ
٣ⲻФССôʶ
ձҳӷ鷳ģȻӷʶФҲ
ιӷ磬ôҲˡ
һŮ˵߹
ѾģྩѧŮôʶСӣСʲôѽ
ҴСҲǳӷ粻ģ͸ֻһʲôϣЩ˴۾顣
ҾͲѽ
ƣⲻǳôҲ˵һѽ
ɽǬȻҲ˳ӷ磬һʱ䣬ЩүСģȫ˹
ӷ֪ǬȻмֵܵطһɽġ
ȻҵŮˣҵȻҲ⣬żȫߵ˳ӷǰ
һߣФںޣһӣڼӷ絽Ҳһ˹һʱ䣬ྩĴȫۼ˳ӷߣӷΧ
˫۾˿ȫ˳ӷ磬Ҳڲ²⣬ʲôˣΪʲôٳϸ̳ϵʲôţȫʾã
ȻϴεĴӷȻȥʲôһ̨̹ӶȵļһȴڣԼܵأ
ǣʱɫķǳѿǶȥԼ۾ⶼʲôʲôѽôӷҲǸʲôѽΪʲôеĴǰЦǲ̫ˡ
գ˵ǼʲôأǴĵطһȥ
ǸĸһģҲ֪Ǹղҳӷ鷳һֱӳȺһӷΣζԼĸײɴñɵҲ֪ӷԼҵﲻѽ
ǼֱɵۣСʵ٣λ˭ѽΪʲôǶ
ôʲôҲСɫʶġȫҹԶ㣬ӵƨġ
һŽȫߣͼԬТλոྩг˹
ڼӷԬТЦӣǿǵþˣ絽ɡ
ӷ˵ˣҲ̫ʺֵĳϡֻ˵仰ˡ
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ΪʲôԣǬǼһﲻྩĺúõ𣬶һ˵˸ɼܣҲţ԰Դʲô𡣡
Ҹô֪ģ
ҿͰˣǬǼһҲѾˡοɲܵྩģֻĸϻҲŲûء
ãƴүרԼģӷȻûƴţǺԼСӾûطȥмҲܻأྩƭƭȵˡ
ѾĴȥҵ鲻ܣɱʱ鷳
磬״磬кãС·߰ɣྩ޷Ļҿûطȥˣ
ƴţֱץס˳ӷ֣һѾĲңѾľͲ̬ȡ
ղ˵лͷˣүӸɵġɣȽ㼸ʮ͵ȥ漸죬үٻ
磬㲻ôɣôʮҪأôҲһǧѽ
СӻʨӴ󿪿ڣǷѽ
ҪҪȥɡ
磬״硣㿴ɣ˵ĶĿǰôսҰ֣һսʮþˡ
Ҳ֪ӣǬǼһﻹûסѽҲܹǬԻƴţȳǽļһǬס
ӷһ£ƴţʵ뻻ʱԼѾʶˣ伶ڻ֮ϣǬеһƴҲ˵ƴţҲ弶ĹߣԼȲӦһ޼Ǵ´ġ
˭أϵѣҲܿѽɣүӻû֮ǰ͸ңҰԣס棬椣ÿ컹һ򻨡һ㣬ʲô£㶼Ҫҵģ
ƴţЦҾ˵״磬仰ӽ쿪ʼһƴţ͸ˣҪʲôˣ˵仰ҿܲУ˵ĲˣѾѾ޵ģȡ
ӷЦ˵֮˵ˣ͸ȣ£ҵšû֮ǰʲôҪʵʵңʡү
ƴţ͵ĵͷЦû⣬û⡣
ƴţԼԵе㲻ӣӷۿȥƴţĹĵģʵţʲô
ƴţ̴佫һ˳ϡ
ӷһ˫Ȼһ̽˹ֿ˿Χû˷֡
ʲôô˰ǹǾǹӵǹˣ
ȻǣҴǹҲϲ˷ɻѽⲻûڸյྩʱһ¹𣬼ǹͽ漸졣
Ѿϸһȥ׳ǹҲ棬Ҫǳ£ƾǱ߾Ҫץˣ
֡
ӷ绰䣬ֻ
һӵ绰ྩѧСģ˵ʲôгӷ絽һҾưȥ
ӷǲӦģСͲӷ͵ʱ䣬ֱӽ绰Ҷˡ
ӷ̾˿лƴţȵطȥģһ룬СӵԸ񣬿ɱԼǳʲôǴһȥȽϺá
ţȥưɣҲġ
OK˵ôôҸղѾϵǬǼһһȥɡ
Ǻã绰ɡǧһǣȻǼŮһɱ
ҲŲɵأ
̻ԻͣྩõһҾưɣӷƴţưſʱӷ綼ɣʲôʱôۺʽˣܳ»ȻҲѡôݳ޵ĵطһ룬ڵྩѧŵһˣÿһ˽ٵľѣгٷ֮ʮǮҲ٣СΪ糤ܻĳԱ̫Сѽ
ưɺ󣬳ӷѾ֣СһȺռ¥ɼεľۻ֮࣬гԱ϶ˣҲһ롣
ӷ磬λôÿζҪٵѽǶѾ˿һСʱˡ
СǰӷǼŮǱߣƴţȻǸں棬ȻмһȺëѾͷһ𣬿û취˭Լڸӷأ
γӷˣǰкΪӷ粻ྩѧĺˣͬʱ֧ûгӷĻͱǸȿˣͲнľ档
ЩͬѧӷȻһЦ⣬еͷˣƣɲǳӷĳ
ӷ磬һ¡
С꽫Աߵһ˹˵ŭҲҵѧҵһˣԼС⡣
һ۾һִСļ򣬵ȴûиӷʺãһǳקӣ˵С꣬ʵ̫ˣЩСƨһʵܲˣǾ߰ɡ
Сû뵽ԼѻôԼӣ¾Ȼ˵Ļ
СҲȥѽ˵ŭһ°ɣⳡ֯ģ
Ǻã͸ӣɱЩͬѧҺȾƣҲӲСӺȾƵġ
СһЦҲϼƽϣܵŭλҳĳӷ磬ڿѧˡ
ŭǲмһ۳ӷ磬˵뵱ʱ֪ĴءңǶ˹ˣǺгᣬʲôѽҪ׬Ǯǲϴ󣬵ֺãͷҲͻ֮Ĺһѣ
Ǳˣ˵Ļҳ𣬿ɳӷҲܲСѽЦλѧ˵ûӣԺٴܣѧϰȽϺã˵ҵҲԸλѧһԼСʲôġ
˵λѧܣɲ˶ģȻСѣУѣҵʵҲңҸְһ׬ǧԲ⡣
ŭˣҵӣҪ˵ˡ
СŭӷǸͼ˳ӷԱߵĻƴţʵӷ磬λͬѧǣ
Ŷģһѣմֵġ
СЦЦҪƴţ֣ɻƴţȴ񶼲ֱһƨɳϣɵѹԶһ㣬ӷ𣬲Ȼ׼
㣬ʲôʣ
СסѣЦӷ磬ȺȼǵǱȥͬѧһ¡
ӷ˵ͷҲ˻ƴţߡ
ƴţ˵磬ɵƾӦֱŪʲôѽ
ӷ˵ҲҪֳϣȫҵͬѧ棬ҷǵѣôҲ˵ȥɣ
ֵطġѾģǬǻ쵰ôûҳɣ
һҪˡţţƢʲôʱҲĸѽ
ǬˣڿǾٻ쵽һ


209 Ҫ1
Ǭһ£ֱӾʹһƿơƣƴţһϲͷҾƣԣơԶĴʡ
ǬСǲǲӵѽѾʮӵСʱܹ
ƴţеơƷϣһҪǬо̬֮
ǬҲʲôʡ͵ĵƣЦţΪͷţҾ㡣ҵļָͬ˭˭Ӯء
ӷȻûвȴƴţĹ伶Ǭһģ弶Ĺߣͬϵļһһһʱ̹Ƿֲµġ
ӷ˵Լˣûʲôѽ硭
һ¡磬ƺҪˣǬȻǴ꣬ĻһԿˡУԺӷǵĴ磬˸ǰƴĻѾģɡ
ǬҲ˵ţ⻰˵ҲԡˣԺǾƣҽӷ磬ǬͿˣ𣬹
ж֮䲻Ҫ̫ķϻЩӲҪ˵ȻﶼиףǾȽϺá
ңǬƴţӷѲһҸԼԼҵүҲǶѣǵڶǳӷȫЯֹ˵ģĳЩ˵ǵԼңƼңңĽݼңϼңһͥҵүӴյһ䶼λģټйûλү˵飬ҴԼΪףһ񣬵ڶԽ죬ȫͷҵĵȻҲԳӷΪˡ
ţ˵ھֵ¿ɲСѽүѾǼҵЩȫɳˣأץ˻ȥ㲻ҲҪһƤ
ǬеֻƴţλСаԵ˭Ҳǳô飬ԼͿԿùˣ
ǬѾЦңˣӲϼӰͽȥ
Ǭͷƴţ˵ĳĵأԼҲû̹ǰھǵʱֻҪԼһˣѾ̰㣬ʹԼүӶ֪Լٶˣ
ãˣҲܣǱҾ˵û㣬˰ɣ
СʶȤӾͲϹˣȥСȥ
ƴţϵ֧̣һå˭Ҳҵ¥ء
ӷʱ˵Ǭ飬Ҳ֪˰ɣ
˵ˣſϷءӷ磬˵ǰྩ˸ˣǸòµְɣ
˵˳ӷ;еϧһ˵õˣʱͶԼĻպΪ޿ģ
Ϻʱ򱾾Ϳɱģû֡һصྩʱֿɱȻû֣ߡǸִ̫ţԸҵ飬һֻ֣εĲɱ֮
ҾͲµǸҼҲɹһܣǸ˻ʱ֮ΣĻѾ֮֡
ŶԭҲʶˡ
Ƕǹȥˣˡ
Ȼ鶼ѾˣǾ޷ءң˷һֻ֣Ⲣһ»֮ԸĻһҶģԸĻǾȥͨ˵ɣ
þ˰ϵĸҪͨ˵˵ȷе󣬵ԸǲᱧԹģ
Ǭڻôãھ˰ϵһڶĸ˽٣ӷʵ
һҲû˽⣬ֻ֪һڶĸֶˣЩ˾˰֮ս⣬־ʹûгȹĿཫĺ˱ϣҹƿĿǲ׽ƸġãӦû߿Ŀ࣬򣬾˰һڶĸѾˡ
ӷ˵Ҳҵʤֻ֮ҪĿุӲ֪ҾǶͷϴǵҷʱǽʤ
Ǭһھƣ˵֮⣬һ˵Ļ޼ѾྩųģôӦ
Ҷڻ޼˽Ҳ࣬˵ĿǰеˣҶ˽ǣӲ֪Ŷʵǣ޼֮ҾãһһǳµĶ֡
Ǭ˵ͷ˵û޼ȷǸݽɫǵķ˫֮ƺţǱϺ̨̼Ӧ֮ˣ
˫𣿹ͷ湻ġҲ˫˫ʥ˫ҲὫǸġ
ҪͬʱԸķУҹڵ첻ӣĿǰҲֻӦϺ޼ˡڣ޼ûд춫ҵĴܹҲ֤޼ûҲʧֻ֮Ҫ㵽ʱһ㷴صĸһɱҲĹԹԵĹضȥʱֲ֮ʲôˡ
ӷЦһ£ڻ޼ӷȻôӦҲ϶ԡ
ķĴ֮⣬һһеĵˡ
Ŷʲôˣ֪𣿡
֪Ŀǰȴǡ
˵˵
ǼùõŮҲҵõܸǡ
Ǭ˵Ͳµˣ˵֪ǳ֮ˣӦû֪˻㷢ͻһ֪ǶôԸģ
һôļ壬˶֪Խ˵һԳ˲¹ͷļ壬ԵĻԽ컹治ԼĶȥ̳Ǹ壬Ϊڼ̳г֮ǰһһϵеı꣡
ձˮɱҡ
硭
ǬеơƸ˳˼ʵ˵Щһʲôɱ㣿
ձˮ
Թԣһʼ͸ôңձɱֶˣǶˮɱ֣
ҪСˣȻɱ㣬ǹ׶㰵ѷһһɱҲǶסģǷֹ˵ģ
룬ҵӦöһôĳ̶ȣ
ɵЩõܡã
ԵĻ治붯飬ӲǸҹȥĻҾֻܽǸˡ
ǬӷеԥӣЦͲõĳүӸ㸸ΪѣΪǶԣֻǿߣʸҵʸ̳гң㽫ЩһȫˣүӸ㸸Ҳ˵ʲôġ
Ǭ˵ģӷȻס붯Ƿ飬Ϊүү׵Ĺϵгӷ籾ô˵ʮĹ¶ɹѽܲɱɱɣ
ϣʿɶֹı㾡ģֻһһڹײģ
ʱشһӷǬͬߵ¥ıԵһǱ˴ܣһǻƴţƴţѾһ˽£ѾǱˣƴţ
ڻƴţΧźܶˣС꼱ǲͣ飬ΪƴţڽµģСǸѡ


210 Ҫ2
ҾưһƬң˲ûΪ¼ܣһȫظΧеźеĻȫڵһϷݡ
йķϲֲ֪ʲôʱΪһ磬꼰£Χġڡǲ뿪ġ
ƴţһŽСѲ˵ϣͬҰƵģʹŭֱڵϲҽС
λѸղŲģͷŹɣ
СŻƴţ߿ôƴţǿʯ㣬һƶļûС
ѾģϹĹۣȻǰа塣Ȼ˵ҰˣӾҰˡ
СںǵģԼ֮ǰƴţһȭ͸ڵأԼЩ˸ֹļڼʶƴţһȭ֮󣬾С˶ѧģҲȻǻƴţĶѽ
Сһֱ֪ԼǸʲôƢżãеǮκ˷·˫۶ǿϵġСҲϵԼѵԸ񣬳һԿ뵽ڽ쵽
Ѿģ˵Ұǰɡӽ첻Ѿġ
ƴţɲ֪飬ȣҲܶԷʲôݣϵŹӣµ䣬ֻҪǵƴүͲȥ˼ԼݶԸǲʸֵԼȥȣȲ˵
С˿̳׼ˣƴţȥ˸ģ
ˣǸͷŹɣ
λС椣㼱ʲô˸ˣһˡ
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ӷǬʱ˹Ⱥ֮ҲѾóһ·óӷǬ˻ƴţǰ
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Сųӷ˵ס֣ٴȥ˸ģ
ӷ翴һ۵ڵŭٿһС꣡СȻ鼱ûְ˱ʹѽ
˵ȥѯСڸ鷽⣬ĳϣӷҲûƴţô˵ҲСˣӻҪġ
ţһС¶ѣֺαظƽأɡ
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νһŭĶϣʹŭǲҽһƴţһźûŭ߳ʮԶѽ
ѾģСˣԺٱӼ㡣
С̽ŭŭȴ˿ĽСƿݺݵС꣬ʶҸ㣬û֮꣬ĹϵҲ˽Ժˣ
С걾ͣԼͲʶƴţֻǳӷѶѡǣ֪Ϊʲôŭ˵Ǿ䡰ԺҡĻʱС귴˿Ҳûʲô
ɵ϶ĳһ½ԼŮѸ˦ˣǺ뷨ֻҲһʺϵĻѣɽ죬ƴţպøŭᣬ˻ӣС֡
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λѣҿӦǵһǵɣ
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ƴţЦѾģһٸ˹һ˫ȭͷֱӸըȥ
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ͦģӷǳĵ˵ͷɸҪ˵ͼӾưʮ꣬ЩһģǸŭ
ѾٶͦģͰ˸ˣ
ٶȿ졣ӷЦ
磬СӣղžǸߴСӴҵġ
ŭָųӷ߶һ˵
ھưڵѾղΧֵģΪྩĵͷϣֻһڰĴˣЩӣǻڵģҲ˵ȫǶˣྩ˭ȥܶѽ
ȻҶҵıܣЩС
ʮֱ˳ӷ˵ǰղǸӷǰһս˵磬ղֻǸᣬλıܵǸԺֵ棬ͳͳۣ磬¡
ӱ죬ʲôʱֵȽɫ˵ˡ
һͷ亹ȷڶǰûԼ˵ʸԼѾˣҲѾгӷǸϿˣȻǲߣԼҲΪ
Сӣͦŵ𣬾Ȼӵĵ϶ӵֵܡ˵ɣǷȻǷȣ
ѾҲǰӣм
ӷһס˻ƴţǰһʵϴ˭
Цû뵽СӻأȻӵϴ˭ãӾסǶõˣϴǵ̸硣
ӷһ£̣Լûپ˵һѽ
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Ц˵Сӽ컹ҪǰɣӾ͸㣬ҴB硣
Σ˵ϴôû˵پͷȥأ
ӷҲϻֱʵپأ
ִ磬ǿõǶս֮ףҲҴĴ硣
ԱߵǬһֻһ˵ȱ𼱣һûӦСӵĴĴĴپǶĵڼˣ
ӷ˵㡣پǵһЩһȻǵĴ
ŭˣԼ˵ģ˵ϻģ
ȷǼС˵ֵǣҶ֣һ˷һֻš
Сܹ˵ŭǧǷģ
Զһ㣬Ҹûϵˡ
ӷҡҡͷ˵ȻԼ˵СûϵˣҲͲЩһˡ
ӷԱߵɳһ˵ţȡ
ڿԹСˡ
Щһﶯ֣ƴţ㣬Ƚڵأϼš
СӣܣӾ֪֪ʲôͷˡ
ǡ

һֻŶˡ
ûУŽзˡ
ƴţһһͷ໥һ飬һųصȥ

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ƴţٶԽԽ죬ʮȫˣÿһ˻ƴţȶһȡ
ŭɵˣһҲ̫̬˵ɣô˶ɲһˡ
ι㶣ӻûأӹ
Сӣ㣬ҿǶˣҶңϴǲŹġ
Աߵĳӷ˵ûپѾܲˡţ㻹ʲôȫϵ
֣Ϸϡ

ưڲҽ죬ŭѾǵڶεˣαȸղŻϼʮһֱֻӱƴţˡ
С궼ȥһĻʲôѽҲ̫б˵ɣһ֣˵Ͼͷʮˣ
ˣҲˣûʲôˡ
ӷվߵǸѾľǰ˵㲻õģ鷳Ļ͸ǣ˵ʶ
һ仰ӷתˣСȻҲһȫˣưɽҲˣ
ǾڲŷӦ˫ۿŴſڣһ˵λصͷϴ󣡡


211 Ů˵
ƴţɲҸӷؼңӷĸϻǻ˵ġ
ӷûƴţʱǬסһȥǬྩסҲһױʽ֣ƴţȴмǬסһ𣬷ҪһסӷҲֻ˼ҾƵûƴţʱס¡
صҵʱĽϷ嶼ڣӷŶҪڶϺ￪ս֮ǰļսˮƽٷ֮ʮʹĶףҲɴӦӷġ
Ѷһ˴ڼ٣˵ǰûйǵһΡ
һӷˣסҪ¥ĳӷ磬ʵǻСʲôط
ӷڿɲܽƴţѣԼôǿĵˣҪ˵ʱ򣬻ƴţӷɲܷŹ
ô֪ѽܵĳȥ˰ɣྩɵŻ
ⲻܣҪȥĳеĻǾͲܵྩ˵ǻСӵʲôط
ѽ㣬治֪ʲôطҪȥͨͨɣҲȽϺҡ
ӷܵܣߣվס齻ɲҪǻСһֳʲôµĻǿ鷳ˡ
һֱųӷ˳ӷķ䣬Ů˾ŮˣѲͨŮˣ˿Ҳһųӷ粻š
ѽ㣬ϳȥ˵ÿһʱ϶嶯ģɲҪһûƺã͵ùˡ
ѿɲԳӷһףЦ㵹ҡ
ι㣬ʲôҾ㣬ǧ
ҵģȻôģҸôܹһƬء
һıƽӷ磬ӷֱӱƵ˴ߣһƨ˴ϡ
ѽ㣬ҿɾҪˡ
ѽ㵹ǱѽҼҿġ
㣬㡭𣬱ѹҡ˵ѽ㣬ٽѽü˰ɣ
ӷܵܣٸһλᡣǻСӵʲôطҾ͡ٺ١
ӷѽûŮˣһ˸ѹڴϵģ˵ҿǸүǣ㣬˭ܵѽ
ѽ㣬㻹浱˲ɡ
ӷ˫ֱӱס˻ѵ壬͵ľͳС˹ȥ
ţţӷ磬㣬㡭
Ҫģɲҵ¡
ӷһѸѹ£ʵ㻹
벻ӷȻȴû˿ķЦĻǣ

Ϊʲôˡ
˵ġ
ӷ罫ѵĿӸٴʵҿҪˡ
ϻ㣬ܲˣ
ôʰ㡣
ӷܵܣ·Ҳ˰ɡ
Ѿѡ
һǣӷ˹ԡ
㣬ʹ
˵Ҫҿģⲻǿȥ˰ɡ
˼ң˼ҿǵһΣ㡭һòã
ôᣬҵˣûᡣ
ѴŴ˫סԼ˵µĶţӷɲϰŮ̽ѵָ˿ڶԼѵһһ¡
ӷ磬㣬Ҳ𣿡
ǵˣϴүүҰҩ
ǿѾ
ѽ㣬ԺСѰɣ
ãѾŮˡӷ磬ôѽүүѾ϶һϱˡ
㲻õģŶ࣬үүҰָ˻ء
ţšӷ磬ûСңܲˡ
μѽءСѣܰɡ
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ĽһֻסԼ죬˫ֱĿŷڵһĻţӷѾȻ顣
Сѣҿˡ
ӷ磬㶯һ㡭ңҺ
ĽʵǿȥˣתصԼķ䡣
ΪʲôΪʲôô飡
Ľ˵ǰ֪Ϊʲô˫оȻۡ
ΪʲôΪʲôһʹΪʲôӷܵܣʶ㣬ҵĲңǼĲңΪʲô㵽ĶŮϲ㡭ңҲ⣬֪𣡡
ĽߵǰǰǳָղŵһĻǳָղŵ
ĽĵʹһˣһͱԼСˡʱھǵʱĽԼе˻ᣬԲŽ˹ڷ顣
ĽֻԶǸ˵ߣòİֻҪ쿴Ѿˡ
ɵղһĻʱĽ֪Լ첻Լ޷Լ˸Ů˺ãһۣѣԼõѣĽʵ޷ȥһĻֹϵ
ϵʱϷҲѾˣȴûлģҪá
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Сѣ·ôֵֹģϷ·ʱ˫ĺСú֡
Ŀһ۳ӷ磬СԩҺģôʲôѽһСʱԼʹ˸·ʹ
ûʲô첻СİѽŸŦˡ
ɣҲŦţûȥҽԺ
һС¶ѣûҪȥҽԺ
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ȻģҪ˵¸޹ء
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⻰һӷ໥һۣʵ飬ҲԶѽʱԹȥΪʲô
Ȼ˵꣬ĽЦϾǾһˣҾӪҲѾôˣһ뿪ǾͲԴȥסǷģطҲԶҿͷܵġ
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ӷܵܣҪչ˺ŶرСѣѾͷʲôԵģǧҪܵ˺ȻҲŹġ
Ľ⻰˵е֣ڳӷ粻֪ԼѷϵҲ롣
°ɣǼҶչ˺õģϣû˿۸ǡ
ĽЦЦ˵ҾȹȥˣҲǿʱˣ


212 
Ľ뿪ҲûиӷǼ̫ʧ䣬Ͼû֪ĽȥԭҲԭֻĽУԸκ֪ǳӷ磬ԵĻһӣֻ뾲ڳӷߣųӷ罥ĳɳûκεˣ
Сѣ㿴ֻ𣿡
ӷⶼһСʱˣȴӰҲûҵǼһҲ֪ܵȥˣӷ綼е㻳ɣҵĸǲʲôʱֻĸѽˣ
ϹûֻʲôˣϿ춪ȥɡ
ڼͳӷˣҲѾǳӷŮˣȻûκεıܻ䣬һϹгɱɸǳӷϱ
˵ǿɲͨĸ󡡣һܣɲҪˡʵһֻ»ƽĸš
ӷɲ˵ʵĻƽ𣬶³ģ򣬸Ҫˡ
ɶͿ˰ɣʯأ˵ñүүϿɣݣǲҪ͵ʲôдԵĶѽ
թǰҪթ
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ӷǰһѽץ
ɡ
󸷢ҵĽ㣬㣬ѽҿǸ߼š㣬СӸҷ֡
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Сģǳʵ̫ˣԴϴγ˶仨ڶûԹκζѽ
³Һòĵҩţܼѽ̫ܼˡ
ѽֻô˵
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Ϲֻô˵˻ˣĽԶ֪ⶫ᲻ж
󸲻мС֣Ů˾һʶûС˵ŮûʶҲҪ࿴ѵ֪ԣԿɳô
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ǰɣҾ͹һ꣬ҲҲ㡣
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ģҿɾȥʯˡ
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ӷ㣬󸲻˵кܶӡֻҪԺõĶܽЩ⿪Լŵҩܽ⿪ɡ
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һ㡣Ϊʲô԰һάֶõʱ䣿
ش󷨾ܴʹڣڵֻʱģʧȻҲʧΪԼģǽģάֵʱԼʮɡ
ҿʮǶƨѽ
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ԣҪҵάֵľãҵʮҡ
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˵ûߣӷ缸¾͸㶨ǿߣԼһҲûѽͬģʮӵʱ䣬óӷɵԷ
ңһҾͻʧҪóһʱáҪõʱҪˣǧ˷ˣеڶ棬ҾΪˣ
󷨽ʲô֣ӷʵ
󡣡
ţһ㡣ǾɣҪʱʱ㣬ʱҲ󡣡
Ϲ˵ûУ˵һȥƽɡ
ѾһӽеĻƽװ׼ȥˡ
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ŶˣƤеɣһŻشûɣ
ǸðɣðɣҲʧˣٱһţ


213 ɱ1
Ǭͣ˵ʲôԴʶӷûһζڻƴţ˹ԼٷǾⲻ˵ģӷҲǬô˵ҲǾҴѽԼڹ˾ĹɶǮ˵Ȼڻ¡
Ǭ͵ĵصл¥ҲȽϲطǰȻҲ٣ÿһǳ͵л¥ϰ岢֪ݣϴ⣬ϰǬǸӷһģƵڣϰ嶼Ǭݡ
ӣԴϴ֮ɺСˣͣӿǧҪҿŶ
ڣϰǳдųӷˣɲȳӷ˵ƴţãиԩͷ룬Ů˾Ͳ÷ˡ
ƴţأһһһӣϰȻĵȻǳӷѣţţȻҲ򵥡
ϰеģΪɻľȥѯʿ˵ݣϰܷ˼ɻ䣬иˣԲɵȥѯʲô
Ȼλ˵ˣپŰɣ»λӡ
ӷЦϰ壬ͱˡϵС˰ɣ˿ɲϲġ
ڶʲôʱˣϳ˶ϲĶϾ̫ףҶҲá
ϰȻ׸ôӦһȥ׼ȥˡ
ӷ磬ӣϰѾ֪ѽ˿
̫ô֪ҵݵģ
ϰ˱ͷǳһŮ˿ܽһôķ귢չɽľ棬һ涼ǷǳܳģĳЩСϸڲµҲϡ档
ȷϰ廹治Ǽ򵥵ĽɫŮĵȷ٣ŮˣҲܽһҷôãȻ˵ϰе㲻㣬ӷôˡ
ƴţ˵ǸŮ𣬾Ҳȥ˵ˣһѸţڴ˷ȻЩз֮ҪĶࡣ
ӷǬŻƴţǬʵ˵ƴү˵ǵһྩɣô֪ϰǸѸ
ѽ֮ǰǬӷ綼ûƴţ˵ϰѽҲܻ˵Ůȥģƴţô֪ģ
ⲻǸ͵Ů绢ʱϵܱȰˬǿƤȱ˵ѽҲûٸе飬ⲻʧȥˣȴҲ˵ı𡣡
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ǬЦû뵽С⼸곤ʶˣٸʲô㶼֪
ѾľͶѧŵɣ֮椡
ܿ죬ϰԽƲ˸ӷٷҲԵıȽ̸Ƚ϶࣬϶ǹڳӷĿǰЩ˵£Ҳкôչ⡣
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ǬΪӷֻԸһˣҲǷģû뵽ӷȻ֮ҰģȻҪڡҪ֪ڿйͷҪڣǾ͵˵ӷҪưйڵ
ڣǬҲ֪Ҷǳˣӷүү׶̤ƽڵʵȴûг׳֣еԭǬһȻȻӷǳҵĵ˵Ļ˳ԾҲ̫𾪡
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ӣҿɾ㣬첻ǮĻͱǽˡ
ǴͷһǳŵӣЩ˵Ĵ粻ǻڵġ
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ߣֻҪʮѾܲˣǰƢҪǮҪͳͳһ顣
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ӷǰǬûԼԿѽԼôȥ
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ͬʱӷоԼһǿҵɱʹĳӷͷƤе㷢顣
΢΢תͷһһŮˣվԼŮ˾Ǹ޼һģ׼Լ
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ĳҪ͡
ȻѾûˣӷ磬ǾͶְɡ
ӷνЦЦ˵ķʽɱң޼ǲ̫Сˣ
С㣬Ǹ߹㣬Ͼͼ
ȻˣҲ÷£һϰɡ


214 ɱ2
ͣʮֵİеֲֲֿİУȴֽȻͬϢһΪɱһ֣Ϊǿҵս⡣
ӷ޼ԣҲûȥСףΪӷΪоС׵Ȳϻ޼ҲСӣһԼˣǽҪ޼Ȧס
һ仰һϰɣڻ޼ǺεȵţԼʮ꿪ʼݺᶫڵʲôˣԼ¶˵˵Ĵ󻰣ŵ˵ɽ죬ӷȴ˿ûԼλڵİ
үһˣԡ
СһĻʹĳӷ粻ɵתͷһۣҽһϣȴ˵һԣѵⲻ
ðɣȻŵ˶ŵˣǾǸŮˣҲҪʲôˡ
޼û˵һ仰Ա΢΢˼ǰС˵һȥԸӷ磬ɻ޼Ȼ˾ӣҲվǿϷû´Ļһһʱһ֮ܳ׽նɱʱ
ҿɱ˻ǻģǿһôĳ̶ȡ
С׵ΧһѩɫĹâΧţղɢǹǿҵɱѾתΪһӷȴѾֹһˡ
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ӷ벻һȻ˾ββһĴ˵ѽôԼˣͱһ֮սأ
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ԳӷСѾð亹Ҳ֪Լǵֵסġ
С֮ͻȻ޼ˣԱ绹ҪϺüٶȳС׵ǰֳӷ綪Ļһӣһת顱һԱһųȫը
ͣĳȫ˾ɳӷȴûȥô࣬˫ֱǰС׵Ļ޼һ˵Ҳߣ
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󸣬󡣡
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޼ƾ㣬бҪҺ𡣻Ƚһ˵ɡ
ӷ绰䣬˵Сӣˡ󡭡𡣡

һǿĽųӷȫʱ䣬޼оһǿȫۼ˳ӷڱӷš
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޼ٷϻаɡľۻʾ
꼶ǲܷӳеųӷ޼ǵֵסġ
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޼ֱɵۣԭһҲûжҲˣΪӷѾеȫ˳޼סˡ
үСġ
С׼е޼³ӷĹӷѾȻǰһƴ˻޼ؿϡ
ۡ
޼˺ʮһѪڣ˵˵ϣ
ӷأ󷨻ǲֻҪԼľۻʾǵ˵ΪԼ߳ҲҪη塣
ڣʮѹԪˣ޷ٲõڶε󷨣ϻ޼߻һβӲ֪ྩûĸִڣ׷ȥ˭Ҳ֪ôĺ
үߡ
С׽޼𣬻޼ȴû˿ʹޣǿЦӷ磬һС㣡ֻǵĳν棬ǻġ
ӷЦӦ˵̫߹Լ޼Ҳɱ㣬ɱ㣬ֻǲôǻҳ׿սѣٸĻҳӷʱ㡣
ӷ磬Ǿͺˡǡ
ڻ޼뿪󣬻ƴţǬŸ
磬ʲô£ղ˭ƴţʵ
ӷҲǿЦһ˵޼
ʲôǼһȻȥѾġ
ţ㲻Ķ֡
Ǭʵӷ磬û°ɣ
ӷڵɫʼҰʵһڵߣһ᲻û£
ιι磬ѽ˵ˣѽ
ûˣֻڵľҪһʱָܻţϱȥ
ƴţϻֱӽӷǬĳѾģ޼ǻ쵰ӷɣ
ţٷϻˣտӷ磬һ㣬Ҽﻹһ֧ɽ԰ӷ羡ָ


215 ĸ
үû˰ɣ
С׽ĿھƵ귿˹˵Ļ޼ΪͬһˣСҲվԱ޲ߣߣС٣Լȴ߽Ȼͬڻ޼ˣСһæﲻϡ
޼ڵ𽥵һ£ӷأȴûи޼Σգڶʱ֮ڣҲ޷˽ˣ
û뵽ӷ米ĸǿȻԽѹסʹһҲˣ
޼ڻΪӷ米ʲôִڣȴ֪νĸ֣ʵͲһˣһֻѣҲû޼˳Լ˵ֻֻԵޣ޷˵ģֻ𵽰ԵöѡȻ¹ƻ޼Զ֪ӷӲɵ
үӷĸ˵ǰǿ𣿡
Ȼôѹסңҵʱ˹
ӷ統ʱŽ󣬽ԼһͬʱʩչľۻʾԻ޼ΪȻǵ˲סģ᲻˹ҲǺģ˵ľͲˣǳӷ硣
ү㿴ӷĸΪһôľ磿СױҪ¸ʸȻպԳӷʱʵ޷Ӧ
޼ҡͷڻǻ֮ϣһôľ磬ҵʱҲоǻΪ޻ڣӷ米ĸּȻӷɱ˻ǻΪǵǾ磡
Сһ˶סˣ˵˵һߵΪǾ磬ǿκа޷ģǶϣкֵܶļͬģ֮սҲһ֮䶨ʤڵһ֣ΪҲǺڸ֮ǻʮ޷ͻżġ˵ӷΪпǵľ磬˵Ըǰĸˣ
޼վߵ˴ǰɫǲ԰׵˵ҲδءСף㲻ߣȻ֪ߵ顣һ߶ԣΪҪģҲĹؼҿӷʩչĹ֮Ҵδģرҵһƣǵȹ֮ǿųӷûнӳʮ֮һѾˡ
ү˵ǳӷһǳΣյĵˡ
ĵ˲˼ߣҸͲҪྩҲ֤ûӷֵҳ֡
үղ˵ӷĹûзӳʮ֮һǵΪ޷ӳһ֣
ҲԿ϶ǣӷ绹˺ܶûչֳ˫˵ɣȻ𲻸ߣȴʮ꣬δǵķɣӷĹпǡ
⣬޼ͣһ£С׷·뵽ʲôƵģ޼˵үòǻɣӷĹɣ
ε˵ͷϣҲ´˰ɣҾͲòϵľŴˡ
޼˻һ֤ϵʮ֣ȫǻҵĳԱҵĵƣҲѽ
үڸʲôǴӶ˹ǡ
Ȳ֮ǰӷһսǸֶѣԺ·ţûӷĵϸ֮ǰҲᷢһսڻǿ֮Ĵսɡ
ǣү㲻˵֮޹𡣡
֮ǰȷ޹أڣйˡ
Ҳס
㻹𣿳ӷ磬ӦþǶͷϴǸصľ
ʲôӷǶͷ
š㲻ǸսӵϢ˵һŮڹ𣬶һķǳãö¶һнＯսȥƣŮˣྩһѡ
ޣɣ
ӷΪĹϵʹǺľʱŻָ֮һû뵽󲻵ʹĽԼ𣬾ӷҲһָãȷǳӷ벻ġ
󲻵򲻵ѵʱǲˡ
ӷǬҵһ䷿ڣͬڵĽ˵
ϴξǸˣʹ󲻵һ𣬽֮ͬ᲻ùģ
Ѿô˵ʱŻָ֮һ¿ɱ㺦ˣ
ܹ𣬵ʱҵĻҲὫڸѽ˵ˣǰСΪȷߣ㲻ҵѾǸ˺òãھȻˡ
ǲˬ
ˣҲĸ˵ϻڻ޼ҲܣǶҲӦûָһ֮ڣ֪Ҫٶٴεˣ
˵ε飬ӦúΪԺҪ뾡һа취ΪȥȻҲġ
˵ɣΪ˵˵Ļϵĸ־ˣҲ֪ӵжٸˡ
ʵӵһ꼶ĹѾһܺõĵˣֻȱԵĹҡ
⻰ӷʵѵ㻹ʲôɣ
ҵȷṦˣҶѾ˵ǸԵޣĻʲôѽ
ⲻ˵ϻ𣡡
ȻṦǰ˻ѽ
˰ɣǰ˴ҹһֱȥҼͷף
Ѿˣ㹦ǰǸ˵Ĺҿ֪һģҿԽķ̸㣬Լˡ
˵ģй
˵ǸԵĸ߼ޣ˭˭ĹҶ򵽣꼶Ĺ⡣
Ǳϻϰķҡ
ڲУûָ͵
ӷһҲǣǼģȻ˹ԼͲΪ·ˣ
ˣһ˺ܾö벻ףܸܲңʵ
ʲô£
ǹͷӵ£Ҹоǳ֣Ҳǳǿǿһ޷ĵزǰ˻Ҫǿȴûм
ңΪҲʹҰ֣ûиҵ˼ҵʱҲûȥˡ
ⲻ̫ѽҿǸ߼ģϣܻ֪ѽڵ꣬иû֪¡ǡ
ʲô
ӷ뵽ʲôƵģĻһֲ˵ˣóӷе
ǺǣܣôܣһΪ˵Ĺϵе־ˣ
˵Ҳ֪Լ·ԼȥߣҰֵЩ¼ȻѾȥˣҲȥ⹫


216 䶷չĶ
ӷ˰µʱ䣬ڵǻָˡ޼ûɼ˵ҲûȬͬʱ޼Ҳһɻ䣬ɻ˳ӷǸ֡򣬾ǻ޼һǸŮҲʲô
Ҳãٸӷڳʱ䣬Ｔͬʱȥһ޼ܵеʵ̫࣬ӷûͬʱȥԾ˰ǰĸָ޼ˣ
죬ӷĵһ¾ȥףԴǻƴţ˹޼ƣʹĳӷûʱȥҽԺڣ׵ҲûʲôˣҽԺҲȫͱ֩Ǹ˳ʱپסһ
پķӲģġ˵پӣöĴ֮һǮû⣬ڵϻģǸո𲽣һ̶סǲ̫õģһǷֹҶϣʹԼʤڶ⾯ϣҵʲô֤ݡķӾͲҪȥôֻ࣬Ҫǳһ⣬̰ˣҲȥʰ
еңǻطİɡ
پ㽫ķʰһ£Ǿط䲻ϳӷݣҪһȽϺõĵطġ
ӷ˰֣˵ˣطСʱסĵط֪öٱң׵˸պã˵߶
˵Ҷ˵ȥƵסˣǼǲͬ⣬סһʵڲǸζ
ӷЦЦ׻ǰǸףǾһҲûκεĸı䣬ܣνĽɽ׸ģưɣҲã٣Լ˴ûбΪڵݸλһˣľҲ츲صı仯
׷֩˿ҲѾ˹ǶͷϴĴۼһҪ̸飬ȻǸպķչйء
پ˵˵ɣ߸Ǳߵչôˣ
ӷ籾ǿֱɵģϾʱｻΪġǣӷ粢ϲʲôʱҸŮ飬ǸŮ˻Լδޣеֵֹģ
Сһף˰£ͽ֮˵ľۼսȥǶĵһԱǿһˣڶеĳԱҲǰҪúܶࡣֻ
ʲôֱ˵ûҪȥɻʲôӷپѾ֪ԼδޣɵıҲ˵
ɼȻӷ綼Ҫ˵پȻԥ
ֻСõķȽرҵϰʵķԺڵڵ
⻰ô˵
ΪСõFBIѵһ˷ֿʮָӣִЩѡһˣҵһķˣЩ˻ԼݣԼϴˣ
ӷЦ㵣ĵδƽң
֪ҲӦСķҲòѽһſԼСÿһúпܻᷢѵ¼һ鷢δǶҲԪ˵ġ
ӷ˵ͷپ˵ҲһǸˣһŻɾѰඣ
ڣԴӰǰھưɵ֮󣬳ӷѾҪһ¶ȴڡ
پĵѾ֪ˣڲЩµ顣ļҪľȽǰá֮ǰһµʱ䣬Ѿ˰£Ҳ˵￪չӲԶˣԣʲôĵ飬ҪߣԲڹϳ⡣
پ˵˵ͷ֩˵ǱѾе˷ɢྩβǰô·ǳǸǶʲôط
ĿҲɵӣǰε֮ĵܵྩҲ˵ҲҪˣһһĻûеĺڰϴôҶĶ֡ôôྩǻ¶β͵ģֻҪץסһβͣǾ͸ҸˣĿ컪˰ǰĸֵʱǾսʱ򡣡
پ˵ģһʧġ
סҪһ㣬ΣҪµڵҪԸģҲǱȶǰЩһʮĴɣԣҲκε⣬ӲҪҶͽĴڣһҶ֮˹ģ˭ɱ
ӷһصңȫڼңԼûԼȥˣڼﲢûˣһǡФ
Сôˣ˵𣿡
ӷһžЦΪФҵԿףӷҲԼģ
ӷ磬ⶼʲôʱˣû㿪Ц
ʲôʱѽⲻǲ𣡡
Фɲ˵ЩеûķϻֱӴİóһֽһһŻʣŻʱФڰȴûһѹļ󣬿ɼФŻʱķǳá
ӷ磬ȿŻɡ
ӹФݸԼĻӷ绹ΪФģ뿴Լͽûгʱ⻭һ򿪣ӷ˫һʵС˭ģ
ȱ˭ģ⻭ʲô
ʲôȻǸûֻҪʶң֪ҹȥˣƶ޲ȥ⻭˸ˡ
ӷ磬Ȼһ۾ͿˣŲҪҶʲôҲӦȥһѧУˣΪԷǳģ
ӷЦһ£̫֪ȴûˣЩָʲôʱͻ߷Χ֮ڣȴ˿ĲֻߣûȥںЩˣûЩ˷ϣȴô롣
ֻҪʶӷˣ֪ǽʡһĸ߿״ԪͬʱҲȫ߿İۣȫĸ߿״Ԫֶѣ
ڹŴ״Ԫͷڵģʱһ߿״Ԫۣ˵Զܼ棬һĻᣬǵ򣬽ȫǵϡ
ФݸӷĻһԵͼ⻭еĽȴֻˣһţЦ⣬һȴǴͷɥڻ˵ĿûĿҲûд𰸣еģֻ˫ķһΪ֣һΪ֣
֮עɰܣ֮ֳȫ߿״Ԫۣӷⶼ벻ʲôĻҲ̫Ϳˣ
С˵˵ɣôʶǸ˵ģ
ҿɲʶֻྩѧŴѧྩһѧᣬû뵽Ǹ˻Ŵѧ쵼һһͽָҪ㣬ҵڻʹС̸УǼɫǳѿСҲѾˣӰҲ֮£Ҿֻܹˡ
ŴѧǸȫĸ߿״ԪӦ廪߱ôŴѧ
˭֪ѽ˻ѧУͻˣһҪȥһѧУúýѵѵŵļһ
У˼Ҳ״ԪֻǸۣôѵѽ
ӷ磬ǰװˣҲܣǼһѾս飬һսôҪġڻҪѧУСôӦǼһˣһҪѧУѽǿɶˣ
ӷΣ䶷չĶģĶɱ䶷鷳ˣҪӵģǾͲܻǮʲôģôƫƫأӣûˣ


217 ѧ1
ڻǼŮУĳӷģҲ˰ɣȴǲģô˵ҲԼˣԼһעˣܲΪţԼˣԽκΣκһǿС
ĩڳӷȴûһģҪӷڶ»ڵ֮ǰҲɳĽ飬ȻǴľư֪ӷؼҺҲûȥʳӷˡϷһ˸ӷ̵飬ҲѾȫµĵҩһԵķĵȥˣѣΪЩƽ𴿶̫ߣļǮҲ̫ߣʹһʱ仹ûҵڣΪЩƽĳ۶ͷʹ
һģФʹ˵绰ӷ磬гӷǧҪʧˣྩѧɶڵأྩѧѧУ쵼֮⣬ྩ⼸ѧҲв˹ྩѧŴѧѧᣬҲѾˣ˫ɳĴҲѾֹͣս𣬲ǲ򣬶ྩѧɳЩѧͲŴѧĶ֣Ф̳㣬Ϊ̳ʦеˣҲ죬AK47ǹ˳ܵĲνҡ
һʱ䣬ྩѧ֮ڳһУһ˵ö֮ĹУĿǰྩѧУȴһˣܶԸ˴ˣϾڲǶִܣǶԶģ
ƷർƶѾһûϹˣɱУǼҪģΪŴѧǱߵĴһָԼѧԼѧȴӰƷܲˡ
еʱţƵʱ̲ų֣˿һװҲװȥɣѵҪȫУһȥŻȴû֪Щ˳֮ΪװƵļһûྩѧϣӲмʲôŴѧĴȥһʱĸߵͣŴѧɳĴһȫĸ߿״ԪҲĻδ֡
㣬ҾͲˣôƫƫܵɭɭĵطѽǻǿȥɣʦǶˡ
һǰһԿѧĽûվڼǰղ˵ǸŮĿǲྩˡ
Ůһ̷ãϲκεЦݣһǳӣ˵ǳɱȻѾô꣬Ҳ֪ЩУɵΪֹЩûгϵдɱ¼йĳ裬ÿһйԶʹ
Ůһ£ò㣬ʲɹǣһŰ֮ġ
ŮһĶ̷ŮȴȻͬ˵ЩҴӦЩ쵼ȥܣЩСǹܲģǹҸձٴҲûսķѽǻʵʵԼӰɡ
̷Ů䣬Ա˵ڵѽ֪źƽһԹһԹģ֪ڵĺƽǶһѪģ
һûͬʱתվԼߵһ꣬ӱֱվڼǰ˫ۿżһҲûжз·ڸп࣬·һμӹսıƵġ
Ƕ̷ŮмСӣͦôҵĻ
ҽղŵĻ󺰳ĻҸұ֤ÿһڿˮܰ
㡭
Сãˣ˵Ҫˮˡ
ŮֹסãԱߵȴ̾˿˵йж˼ǵĵǳɱжˣձֻصѪծ
궪һԭ͸˵Ļ뿪ˣӰһݾ˵̬֮
Ů˵ǵģǾһǳһ¼ͥҲֻг걻˵ղǷ
㣬ͱСˣëǻǿȥɣȽྩѧǼһǾͻţྩ治̫ʺң
˵ʲôأĿǰɻĸ׵Ķûأ㲻Ҫϡ
ˣŴѧ˭֪ǵĴ״Ԫϲѽ뾡һа취أ治ΪʲôǲӦ
ֲǶϷôȥӦһԼϲһҿɲЩɵУ԰Ҫģһӵˡ
ô˲ýأ̷Ůʵ
һҪһŰ֮ģˣҴСԸһˣΪԭĻҲŴѧˣڶǳһ¼ͥȫҶǵģҾйͬĻˡ
ղСӣҿһ࣬˭޸׼
СãЩ鲻ܵġȻҲʶղǸˣʷǳڣһá
˵˰죬ԭ㻹ѽֱ˵ֲЦ㣬ҲÿһŮԸѽ
Сãԣôļνĺţ
ǮѽǮǺš
ŮЦЦģ
ȻˣƼǮԼѧʣˣ֪жŮԶȥأȴҪ
Ƶȷκһ涼֮Ҷûָо
ˣǻǿȥ֤ŴྩѧǼһɣνĸоԼȥҡ
ྩѧڣȫУÿһ꼶ÿһϵɳڴΧྩѧʦ쵼ҲţΪڣһҪһ֮սྩѧսྩѧÿһϵֻҪྩѧ˶ţǹϵྩѧ⣬һԼѧԺԸһѧĻºһᱻ˸ЦģԼҲΪྩѧһΪܣ
ĴսλʽʼУ쵼ǱѾæµ
ϽзƷϵӷ磬ʲôһҪѳӷһ
ŶߵĽ̵˵ɲҴˣΪԼԱߣŴѧĴ쵼ԼɲܱǸЦ
УѾʦϵӷȥˣӷСҲ֪ʲô첻̿ξѧԴӴûʵӰ
ҲЩ֮ϸҰѳӷһڿȫˣЩѧУҲֻФŶסҲ˶ã
УһСܶ죬УȴһЦǸһ˺ڣ˵УҵǰҲܶôҪྩѧϰģÿһУûͬ⣬ΪεѧҲ֪ҪʲôʱܼУˡ
Ǯοˣҿ˵ĴĽǰѺˣһŴѧУλġ
ҿɲҵУڻᣬôġЩģôλҪһεĽӰˣֻҪˣǾͶԵԼְҵˡ
ףǮΪʲôŴѧôˣԼıʹȥģ̬ʵѵѽ
УǾĵɣⳡѧǲǸÿʼˣ
˵ʵУǮļһ˵ѧģôĸƵģŴѧɳһѧԼྩѧҲ̫˰ɣ浱Լྩѧ۸ˣῴǫ̂
Ǿͣʼɡ


218 ѧ2
һνѧʽʼˣѧͬǣŴѧĴսྩѧŴѧĴһ˶ѡ
ܹһѧԺģȻǸƳɼǳģҲ˵ྩѧϳѧȫྩѧĽЩѧŴѧĴʱȴûһ˸ԶԣΪྩѧЩ˵Ŵѧ飬һȫ߿״Ԫһ˵ĹţЩƴѧȥȴĸ߹Щ⣬ԼʵʲôطһģûҪԶܵȥţƵˣ˭ָ
֮⣬ŴѧͨѧйĹŴѧִѧһҵѧȫͨ˵һǸţһԵš
ФȫྩѧĴ֮УһǻһǵԣǶ˵ǰͬڷһܸһ̨ʼǱԣŴѧĴսġ
ڿԿʼˡ
ŴѧĴƣʮ꣬Ȼһȫ߿״ԪҲŴѧһսྩѧѧȫྩѧΪѧɼƻ治һţ֮£Ȼҽྩѧ˿ԿʼˣԼȴվȺмλã˫һҲûжֻǿྩѧдʼĻԱ̵ı̣÷ļ㣬ȵȡ
ƺеĽ˫ַߵྩѧϵǰ˿㷽ʽȴ¶мЦݣҡͷ֮ߵһߡ
ػص߶Ѿ֪˶Ȧˣߣһɵһ΢΢˵ͷʵû´ĻӦþɣ
ȥƣֻǲˬҲʶ㣬׽бµľͱҺõ򡣡
ԼȻе㲻ˣԼҲǷΪѽʲô涼Ϊܳģû뵽ྩѧྩѧŮһӰȴԼ
ҲеȣЦͬѧ㻹Ǿ콫ĳɣҴ̡
˵꣬ߵФߣһФĻ˵ǰʱͬʱܾҹ̳λʦФɣ
ФͬôƸһྩѧͶԼྩѧƣӲˬһ۴̳ӷ磬òФеġ
ֻǸոճСɫѣλʦҵ˵ġ
˵⾳ǷȱĻҪ⾳ʶ⾳һ㡣
˵㵱˭ˣŸʲôѽһĸ߿Ļ״ԪͶǸ֪ߵغļһ
ȻҺõĻ˵ɡ
ͬʱФĻѾ깤ˣѧҲѾȫֹͣ
˿̣ྩѧĴȫƣ˼ˣǶѾˣھͿλȫĸ߿״Ԫʲô̼ͣ佫ȫܰɡ
Ҳ˵һ仰Ф߿ʼǻǵ̣Ǿü㣬ȵһеõʱ䣬Ȼྩѧдͬʱõʱһģңһ治ɫĲӣʹĶУǱ߶Ǹż
λҲѾˣ˭ʤ˭ظλﶼͲҶ˵˰ɡ
ȷڸͲҪʲôУྩѧĴ㶼ĻҲΪྩѧĴս
ФɫǳѿΪĻԶԶԽԼФĿǰ˳ӷ֮⣬ûܶĹƣǣӷȴҲӰ
ڴſڵһλϣһԲྩѧĽûȴǸˣ̷ŮЦ㣬Ҿ˵һӮģྩѧѧһҲƵĶ֡
Ů˵ʤδྩѧʵǸѧûء
˵Ǹȫڶĳӷ磿
Ѿģʲôȫڶ˵ĸǧ϶Ƶģ
㣬ͷİɣҿǸӷͲҳ֣һڶôȵĹǵĵһѽ
ŮҪ˵ǵ˵ɲһ
תͷһԼʲôʱһˣ֮ǰԼ˵ʱ⸽ûѽྩѧѧȫǰ棬ʲôʱֵģôƵģҡ
ô㣿
̷ŮеԾĵҲ̫˰ɣڼһ棬ôྩѧˡ
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Ů곤˧ԼŴѧҲֻǲྩѧһôĽɫ
λͬѧ㿴ྩѧʤĹŴѧĴ𣿡Ůʵ⻰ȴ˿Ƶ˼
ĺ˵ҲһǸ̿εĻѧЩѧʵڲ̫Һ˵ԻһѧܾܽŴѧĴ㶨ˡ

̷ŮЦ˵ĸòԼɣ
Ȼǡ㿴ǱСûУ
̷Ůʵ˵ǴƵһ
ûǡŲţһȥָһĴͿˣ

̷ŮһЦ˵㵱ĵӰء
ţ֤ǿ
վֱߵǰѧһǰҲ֪˵˼ʲôȻֻصŴѧԽûԱ
ͬʱǸղŻڴƣⳡѧļһߵ˽ûǰʵ˵Ǻе㿴ѽ
ʻļһǶƣɣһˣ
СӸղ˵ྩѧʲôʲôھǼʶһ°ɡ̷Ů˵
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ФںżӷٲֵĻǽҪ˶Ѽȥˡ
ФͬѧĻ޷ĻӮҵģҿ㻹ֱɡ
ФĶͷѾ亹ô죬ӷԼĶԼѾȫˣƵǰȴ𲻵κεãƷҲȷԼˡ
ФҪʱͼһ˹˵ѧ㣬ҪҪæѽ
ФЦ⻹Сܹʲô
ңȥ
ЦС֪ФĶ˵ЩʲôʹФһ𻭱ʣٵĸ֮ǰĻ
һӣФʸˣת˵ͬѧٿ˭˭Ӯ
˫ķǳ󣬾ôʣФĻͷ·ػƵģԼĸڵûıѽ
⣬ⲻܣ
ι˵ʲôӵģôСʲôѽԾĻںء
˹˻ȥ
Ů㿴ɡ
ߵߣҲ֪˵ʲôʹҲһ¡
ƣˡ
һĻ˴۾ĳ淢ˣֻػص߶ţ֮䣬ƵɫԽѿྩѧߵÿһȫǵƷˣʹÿһƷȫԽơ
Уһ֪ʲô£ƷƸǳԾԼѧϰɼСӣôͻȻˣ仰ͽʤߵ˹
ƷƸߵĵطһȴԼϵĽྩѧԵĽףԭƸиѽ
ӷһĽû˿̶е˼飬ѵӷ˵ྩѧԻۣ֮ǰڴƵѧȻڼ仰֮䣬ͰྩѧĴƣ
ⲻܣԲܣһĻһĸ߿ôһûУڣԼ֪ǵ֡


219 ѧ3
ྩѧĴʱ򶼺ǵĿƣ˵Сӿٿѽб¾ٿǿ
УЩҲУûȥŴѧǮΣȴǳӵǮΣŴѧ´ҪɵѧˣһǳɼٺãҲǵвġǮΣԷģⳡѧ󲻻ᵱģϾԶʤ٣ʤҲ١ҿɣ١
ȶУ˵ŴѧǮЦУ⻰е֮ˣΪղֻһůѣôƶûóһʵءҲãԴƽôҶûóʵξͽĹ⣬ҲҿԼʶһȫ߿״Ԫʵ
Ǯ⻰˵˺ܲǽд裬䶷ĻƶУҲȥ˼ԼˣеĲֱӽôǮá
ѾҲ̫Ǹˣһô棬ϾԶǿͣɼȻǲҪǾͱ󲻿ˡ
Уߣֲ֮òУڳ˵ȻǮ˵ٿĻеСôˡ
Уվȫ˵ȲҪ˵˭˭Ӯⳤѧûнκһ䣬ⳡѧͲͣļȥ
ྩѧ쵼У⻰УһǱŴѧǮθˣԲ˵ֻġ
ڳϣǳԾıѾˣ֮ģһӡ
һΪһྩѧͲ÷Ѵ֮ͿԽû뵽ྩѧǸѽ
һ˫۾վԼǰڶƣѾص˳ӷǱߣϾǳ͵ģûгӷڱָҲԲܷƲ򣬳֣ҲûǸѽ
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ǣе㻳ɣ״Ԫǲ׵ģĳӷ綼û֣Ѿ㶨ˣӷԵޱˡ
ȫǴЦŴѧ˵ȴ⣬ӣǶƻ治һѽ
ƿʵԭǳӷ硣
Уӷʲôѽҿɱȳӷˡ
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ƵĻЦСӣҲҵ˰ɣ㻹ǹԹԹȥྩΣյģʱĻ˾Ͳ̫ˡ
˵ĲǴܣҲᡣ
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˭˭˵Ҳˡ̫ˣʱ˵۸㡣ɣһȵ١
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ðɣУˣֱ˵˭˭ȫĴѧ˵㶼һˣô͸СƵأ
ƷҲܹ˵ټһ㡣˭ˣһĸ߿״Ԫ˭ǲô˵ģǣȫĸ߿״Ԫεѧ¶
ƲǻһŻ۴̳ӷƷΪӷĵʦһҪġ
Ǯ˵ĴѧҿУΪྩ֮ǰУͽеȨҡ߿״ԪҪԼͬС
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İɣʼʱϤһ£ⲻĸٱչϤһ½ǿԵġ
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˫۾ҲûĵϳĻһղҲûȥֹΪû˷ӦҲ˵ˣྩѧ˭ϳԣྩѧ˻Ϊᵯأ
ڣһ˫˫۾·ɱ˺ܶ飬ַ·˵Сӣ㲻ͱ¿ɺãҪ˶ˣ
˰ѶͷϵĴ󺹣˵ڸô죬ôѽ
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ӷһ˰ɣӷԼô죬ôôĴԼĶУ
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ӽ˸߳ҲѾӵУ˫ıϣ֡
˫ӵĽֹͣȫǾֹˮԼҲɵˣû뵽ԼܵôõֳѾģԼѽ
ⳡˣ
䣬Ҳò䣬ΪԼ˺õ֣Լ˴֮ϣġ


220 
һжӮӷ˸£˸һֽʤ㵽ʮ֣ʹưܵʧȥȫ߿״ԪͷΣ۵Ŵѧྩѧ֮
ȻŴѧྩѧĸ˵ģܲЧǿɾͲܾˣһѧֱµĻ˵̫ϷˣϲྩѧŴѧΪйĸߵѧԺȻҪԼ۸ߵĶࡣ
ѧˣྩѧҲ̫СӮˣҲܸŴѧɫϾԶǿͣԼྩѧҲ»ѽ
ʱ䣬УŴѧǮθྩѧʳóԷҲûʲôõطΪľŴѧ˿ԼྩѧԭӣҪ̫ûκεĻرܣྩѧѧһ
⣬УҲѾԸȥи꼶ϵĵʦǸԵѧŴѧˣܸɫԼǶңǾҪжҵӡ
ǮΣεѧҲ̫ϣ֮ǰ˵ǼҲһЦѣûҪġ
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УУྩѧ쵼ˣѧ֮£ʵǧĳ˴۽ѽû뵽ྩѧԻѧ˵ˣ
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Ϊ컭Ƿģ
ƾ㣬ûʸһޣֻǼУѣԲŻͬѧ㣬ˣ͵Ϊã̫ˣֻԼ޷̨
ӷ磬㲻Ҫ̫ˡŭ
λͬѧĻҪôʵԶʵƵȷôĽҲôΪɫѧɷ󣬾Ͳһˡ
ƷưһСѾͷоģʧԼʦݣû취˭гӷ̫үأһ仰ԼȫҶҪ̨ʱ򲻰ͽãѵȸԼλһ֪ѽ
ȻƷƣӷӡܺãʱԼץʱҲǵһԼģӷ粻ǡ
վ˵УǳлдȻѧѾˣҲûȥˣʹ˸ǡ
ֶԳӷ˵ӷ磬ȻӮˣⲢԶӮǻлġȻҲǳͣʱһ֮꣬úÿ㡣
ӷ˵˵ǸõطʱĻһȥģֻҪʱ״ԪҾͿˡ
״ԪˡǮΣߡ
Ƶ󣬶ȴ̾ӷ磬ȻҺܸʶ㣬Ե㣬òҪȥš
Ϊʲô
ΪƱһѧȴźڵϵķŵĺڰǳԵĿ
ӷ绹û뵽ЩڵĺѧﶼϲڵѽԼҲ
źڵķ⻹еѽ˾˶
˵ĻУǲûӷʵˣڸʡʡӦҲڻɣ
ͷȻǻˣڿʵĴ״Ԫˣйĵ֪ɣ
ʡҲͦ˼ģ
ӷлѣֶѾߵʳſڵ˵ͬѧǾͺˡ


221 ɵİ
ʱĺܿ죬תǰ¹ȥˣҲ˵ӷپʱҲѾˣڣʱ潻ˡ
ྩĻڣǸεгԬТнйֳ֮λιֳȫۼ
Ŷǰﱻྩò׹˼ƽӣƽȴûϼ죬ֽڰƴ¼һεĻƴҪǰҪأô˵ǰྩڵϵĻƴСѣһҲͶЫսΪң񣬶Ҳ֪ô͸Ϻӣʹ㳲𶫰Ҳ׼ӭϺĵ
˶֪ϺĺڵڻЩСǾԲΪеģżôһҲǲѴ֮ܽ㶨ûڻ֮Ķڲ֪֮һྩĶӴѾӰ쵽ϺڻĵλͲϺ֮Ҫྩ֮ʲôڣİĿ˰¡
Ҷ˵˵ɣʲôָôȥӦ
Ϊྩίǣྩ¼ܵʲôûʲôûһྩڵ֣Ҳһ꼰㣬ʹྩܵ˺ģǱ߸ǻ׷ྩЩ쵼ΣһڰﶼˣǻҪЩʲô
ڲòģԼλӱǣҲ֪λ̫ү᲻Լƽ֮ǰ飬һྩٳµĻԼίҲȥˡ
ԬТɱǸӽţɲҪгλӻûȾΪĻƴԼϸ쵼ΣԼǵ˰˱Ѫùˣ
ǣҿΪҪģǼǿеΰǱߵȫɳȥһʮСʱѲߣһʲô춯Ǿץˡ
ԬТôĹֳںڵϵôȥӦȻ٣ڶﻹδƴ֮ǰܽԼס
ǵͷȻ޷ȥֹĴսҲֻоһеСˣʱҲøǱ߽
֮⣬ǻҪҶߵϴ̸̸Ȼ˳棬Цˡ
ԬТ˵û쵼Һڵϴ̸еĻȷ̫ʣȻɹַ˳
ιֳ֮ǰĹֳܸԬТĹϵ䲻˵ϾԵĺãҲ
ֳܾ˵ȥҶϴ̸̸ɣǱߣǵϴûйҲͼܹ˶ѣĿǰҲû鵽ЩʲôطǱʵû취
ԬТ˵ܣһ°ɣȡ˫ս֮ǰǵϴסֻҪ˫û쵼֮ˣһսҲʹˡȻڱҪϵһ¾棬þЭ㡣
޷ȥܾӵģͬϵҲֻЭ
ֳܾ˵ǺãҾȥ¡
ܿɢˣǸԬТû뿪ҡ
̾˿˵ĵڻҪˣһǰﵹ£һ֣ڵ֮ѽ
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ͷϴҶ֪һôĽɫҵҲλڣҶû鵽ĵϸ֪ʲô֮⣬ݸһ֪Ǳҿ治֪ôشѽ
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ӷߵɵߣʵɣȻѾ뵽˺£ȻѾӦ֮߰ɣ
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ûҪһ뿪ྩҲҪɳԷΪ뿪ྩΪʲôҪǾͲùˣǵҵͿˣ֮ʽս


222 սǰϦ1
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˰ڶĸ֣Ŀ֮һڵ֮ΪӰꡣ
ˣȻҽ˹Ӧ֪ƱҪ𶫰ģԲ˵˵ͷݶһҽ㣬ֻһλᣬȻԼϧǴڿʼһķˣӻ˰ϳڵҲûһϯ֮ˡ
Ŀ಻ɱˣǲɱǲɱϾЩΪԼӭսҲǳԼɱ˵Ļһ뷨
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ڿĿҲ뿪̾˿ֹ˴ӻ˰ϳ죬ҪֱӴʧˣӴԺ󣬻ڳӷģ


223 սǰϦ2
߽Ԥ˵ڽļΪܵӰ죬йϷܶʡжһѩ¶Ҳ½ȣʮδϷ
һŻ˵Ļ֣ںܶΪĻ̫ţķչ仰ܶʱͳΪһ¼ͻĴԴʡ
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ĴսʯͷվȷλϣǼӲ־ֵסĴٽ˭֪پһ£Ȼʯͷྩһһɽʯͷɽ֮󣬸´ȴ˱ˣһŮˣһʱ䱻֮˳֮ΪĸŮˡ
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ЦˣҲµĲĻϾҪˡ׼ȻѾչǾûлͷ·ߣֻо콫ϻϺȥԸʤķ


224 ս1
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εİųӷǳ⣬治ǳڵѽô֮ڣͽһͷ󣬹ྩЩԱѾõ˳ʤķܵϺȥϢŸϻȥء
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Ȼ޼ͬԽϵľŴȫٹϾŴֵžӷ米ǸҲǵвԼŴֵġɻ޼ôƢ򲻵ѣͷ֮ǰԲмȥ˵
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225 ս2
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һʽʱûκεķЩȫ˿Ϊ֮潻棬ĻҲͲ̫ˣһ֣ȥɣ˰ྩڵֻҪ̫ĶǱ߾Ͳ
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ԸĻԽһҲһӽҶս
СӣĿҲδ̫˰ɡ
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ȷһ͵꣬ͿԽһڰڶ̶̼µʱڳưྩڵɼѽ
ٸװŪ˵㵽ʲôݣ
ҸղŲѾ˵ңǶͷϴ󡣵Ȼ֪һݵĻҲԸ㣬Ҫ֪ˣͱҪ
ɱңҪûǸ͡
ȷǸˣⲢ㲻
ѾˣûҪᣬڣҲɱ֮
˵ͷϹ֣һ˫ɫɵγɵĳı
ӷ硣
ӷ磿ѵǰϺǸӷ磿
ûڵķӦ˵ʱྩʱһġǵ³һһ
ӷ绰һ䣬ĳѾٵɿһѷɵӳ˿ȴֱӹģǳ涫˫мλ˹ȥ
ৡ
ƿյĵԾ֮⣬ַ·ԵԨ˶˫֮ĵϡ
ѷɵһѶŵ㣬ŷɵأپ׷꣬֩룬ףͬʱԵս˳پߵʯͷҲ˫ȭһգÿһ˵Ļɢǿҵսɱ
ʯͷ߱ʽôˣ
һʮû⡣
Ǻã죬չʵʱ򡭡ĶֵܣֻܽˣΪɱһ
ǡ
پһ𣺡ɱ
پ֮󣬶˼ѾˣҲǽԵ˳ӭ濳ɱ


226 ս3
ĴսѾĻپ˴Ŷǿ֮Ҳӭʹ˫ڸտʼʱ˭Ҳûд·磬ʵ൱ƽ⡣ĺڵƴپսԶԶģͬŴʱڵսһһܾʤѽЩӰݵʲôģ̫٣һһƾͿԽܲٴ仨ˮĻҪôʲôⲻû³鷳
˫ȫһҲϴЫƴһ˫ϣҪŸԵıǣ⵽ɱ۵ʱ˾ͿԼҲ֪
ڽֵߵĴ֮ӷ굽Ҳûж֣˶໥ţҲûȥֵϵ˭ֻҪһǹƶԷͻ֣ȸһҲпܻһ
ʵһôĽ׶Σӷֻһ㣬ǹߣҪߣ׸߳٣ӷ粻֪
Ĵرʿ֮Уߣ߻ͬģµĻһʱҲʤߣԶڹ֮ϣ򣬶Ҳǿ˰ôࡣӷһҲԶһĻǻӷԱΪԿĻǲò˵Ϊڵĳӷ磬ҲǻǻĶ֣ɼ߱Ҫ߳˶ٱ
󸣬һļһһôĳ̶ȣ
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ڵ˵һһ˼ĸߣҲ˵۷߽һˡ
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ˣܷɡ
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ڣӷڵ󹦷һΪԵǿƣһΪԵĶӷ޷ľۻʾȫӳšҲӦˡ
塭
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˵ձˮΪ޵һɱ֯صĹһѽѾ¶ˣɡ


227 ս4
ྩڵѩ׼ȷ˵ҹƮѩͲڵϣѾΧӷɢϢΪˮء
پ˸ͣ۳ɳĽеսû˿飬ҶΪߣɱ
µͶҶ㲻
룬ˡ
һС˵꣬پеĵѾʺǾΪĹ
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֩ɱپߣ˱վʹԱһһĵ
֩룬׷꣬ףʯͷһһֱȡͷ
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پ˼ʯͷѾ嵽ǰ棬ĸҲѽΪĸֱˡ
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һȺԱ̽ǸԵϴһдҪپ˵ס
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ҾͲţǿ󡣳ӷ磬
꽫Ѷ̵ĵһγһȫµıɢǿҵĺ⣬ƿյĵҲûڳӷķɵ֮¡
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ӷһֻ泯궪˹ȥӰһ㣬治˸Ӱ֮ٶȣʵóӷеԾ
ٶȣӲӷ˫۵ģÿһڳӷоͺƵģƶʲôλãӷ綼ܵһʱ֪ѻͣĸ
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ѻ䣬ֻСȫ׹ɣβͳ
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ৡ
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ǣЩҲ̫СˣҲɵûƾ֮ҪԸձˮɱֻûġ
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޼ʵ벻ʹӷɱģûֻô໨Ƕ겻ţַɵϿУ治֪ʲô
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һ˫۾ķǳе㲻Լ۾ΪϿյĳӷȻͳһž޴Ļ棬ž޴Ļ滹ӷȫΧϳӷ˫ɵɿ漱ٵıգ仯Ϊһ˫޴Ļ
ս˽꣬ھµ
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Ȼ漣뿪˳ӷ壬˳ӷϷҲΪĹϵէۿȥͷ·һֻ˰㣬ֱꡣ
û뵽ӷȻ뵽սһʹãչֳ֮ûϴǰǿ󣬵ǸҲǾԵֵסģ
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ⲻܣôһëͷСӶвңҲġ
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228 1
ֵϣپ˲ûôɱǰŽǸԵϴػһһһӭپˣپôԴԴϵȺҲеپ˶סˣһʱԷȥʱǾġ
پ˿̼Ҳû뵽ȻǸģӣĿΪһս׼ûСܸɹ
ִ磬ǵʱ䲻ˣȥһ˾ļƻģ
ʯͷһ˫ȭ߳ϻţһ߳پǱߴ󺰵
پҲһ۶ûУۿǰֻҪȫûָӵȻܣǸʱȥϺ·ϵĶͿԽɱˡǣԼԶˣԼȴþ޷ǵʯͷ˵ʱ䲻ˣɽʤķϵϺ֮ǰɱܲһжˣ
ܲôˡףǼڻңһֱɱȥ
پ̫ΣˣԷ̫࣬һ֮»ϴαĸӵΣա
ڲǹЩʱǱҪھ涨ʱڽ鴦꣬͹˾֪֮ˣ

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ĸ֣վԭصģһ㿪ȻȫԵĺ󷽿ٵȥ
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پڼʬ˹ҲѾµʬʲôˡ
ȴе㲻Լ۾ΪǾʬ岢ûеȫսĵزԿ˵òòȴЩǵһˣȻԼֻһΣ˵Ŀ¸ǿȴѾԼġ
ܣôܡǡ硣
˫ķǳȥԼ۾ֲòȥš
ᣬôûɱ
˫Ŷе㷢֪ྩ飬ҲǿĿԸģΣʱ˶
ڣǶδڵ˰ڶĸֳ֣ôͻأôյģôһʣʹǶ޷ȥʵ
ʵʵ޷ҲҪܣʬҲѾճ˻ҽɼ֮ǿңﵽ˶¶ȡ
˷ӦͼһӰǵǰվ˽ֿڵλãȴǱŶġ
ӰӴ˴ӻ˰ϳ
ʹǽֿڴıӰȴûһˣܿ˵ò
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پսһ٣ǣ
ѵǽֿڴ֮ˣǶͷϴɱꣿôܣǱӰܲµͣһ꣬ôɱ˻˰ڶĸ֣
һȫԭأǵĵˣȴǷӦĻᡣ
һ̣սͬʱ𣬾С˵Ͱ㣬һͷ˻ӵȥ
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С´󼱣ʱʲôѾˣֻپͬһʱ˵ͷϣİսһֻȭͷ˷һ
ֱߵĴ֮޼˿˵֮ĳսѶҪģʱսˡӷ֮ǰɱϺܲĻǻڵ֮ҲʽʼӷûʱĻǶϾͻʧĿ죬ĸ졣
С˻ص˻޼ߣȴһ仰Ҳû˵
޼ٿһתԻƴţ˵λⳡϷѾˣĺϷʽʼǾͺڰɡ
޼һأС׶˷ȥ
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ձˮ鷳ûꡣ
ɵ仰ǬȻʲô˼ΪӷϴھưɵʱѾƴţȴ֪
ڴ֮ϣԼϴѾɱҲӷϣûͷ˵£ȻͱһɢɳӲʱȥǵʬ壬Ҫྩһ̾ͶһֵΣգôǰֻһ·ܣӻϺ
ҲྩʱѾ׼˻ȥĳҲΪԷһû뵽ѽһķˡ
һҲŹҸɱ
پһ£ྩϣһʵĺڵ׷ɱ档
ʯͷϺͱȥˣ֩˿ܲ⣬ٽλٰõ
ʯͷ˵ǣִ硣
磬ˣ
ƴţȫ
ţǬûȤȥϺһˣ
ҽϷĿġ磬š
ţٲκϽȥ²ܡ
Сѣͷİɣţңµġ
Ϸ嶼е֣ʵĳƺʲôʱˣ
ѽǰһ㣬һܣֱӽˣǰϷ᲻֡
һƺѣûʲô˵ġˣҿûʲô˷ѣϺ֮ǰһҪЩо֣ɣ͸Сһʰһ°ɡ
ɵ˵ͷ˵һҪ죬ûʱˣʱһǾˡ
İɣʱոպãڵ֮ҳӷۡ


229 2
ྩͨϺĹϣгػѩ֮ҹ˻֣ᷢڸճྩǧ׵ĵ·ߣһڵЩ˵жĵʱҪʣȴĿ
磬ʱ䶼ѾˣΪʲôû֣
ƽһС˹ϣ䲻磬Ȼӷֲò
ƽһСѾȵĲͷˣȫǶĵһԱѾϰ߳ǰ棬γӷҪڹϣǲǵӡ
ƽһֻԼƽƽͷҲżò˵ȣѵǻɾļƻ𣡡
磬Ҳ˼ֻ³ʲô⣬ѽ
ƽȫã֩룬ԼĴڳԡѪսԼЩȴȴʹǲòġ
İɣִڣ㲻µġǸҼˣҪڹϽɱͬʱҲעŵǣϾǰͻˣ˵ѾǶ£˭Ҳܱ֤Щ˻᲻ỹŲ֮ġ
磬ģֻҪǸҷǲɣ
ƽһڹϵŽɱĻаˣҲǳӷΪʲôƽԭ֮һҲپ֮ǰĵɵѵпܻᵼ¶ЩʹŻ֮ģһ鷢ˣЩˣԲ
ϴδǶɾǻȫµİˡ
ڰ߼СΧ˰ߣҲǸĺֵܣʹˣҪɱɱģǶǳİԲ
ϴ⻪һȲ˵ǰŵǵֵǰߣ˵ǲǻ˼ѽ
Ц沢ǾŵģǾǸŮˣǰŵͬʱƽǣǶЩֵܻɣϾǲǶĵһԱν֮ĲޣǸŮˣѽ
ȷǸɫֻǲ֪ʲôͷ
ڲЩµʱ򣬼ȻѾͶ˶ǾҪΪԺ·룬ҲҪΪֵ롣һϺЩֵҲкӹġ
һĶΪԼֵ룬ҲΪʲôʱô׾ͶҪԭ
ϴ쿴ǲˣ
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׼ãǼᵽ·мȥ
ǣϴ󡣡
ƽߣСҲѾʮշվ˳ʹƽЩֵܵսͻһȫ嵽˹ϣǱͬ׼˵˳˹ϣκһҲ޷ͨ
磬ǰ鷳
ྩǵԱ̽ͣǰĻǺǳڵͷҲɱѽ
ģȥЩῪҪ׷ˡ
СѵΪϺ𣿡
ƽõĳԱǰ˹Ҳÿһ˵жųǹ
ͬʱҲųǹ֣ƽ˻غһ
ɢ
磬ҪˣҲ׷ˡ
ֻܵļһҲûáƽȫɵ
پһճϣ¶ûֻǴ򿪴ǰƽ˵
ǣִ硣
ĲԱֱӱΧ·ûˡ
ֵǣھԼԼˣܱסĻǽټ
ա
֮ǹ𣬶پף׷ڲͬĳϣĴҲǴ򿪵ġ
پѾиȥϺˣҲҪʱ䣬̹ȥɡ˵
ãͽƽǣϸϵϺͬɱܲ
ϺԶĳ⣬ʮȫͣһţǰĳϣһ˸սӵ绰ɫʮѿǰʻҵһ˵Ըȥ˭ҲܽϺһ
ʲô£ǲ𡣡
ʱȥˣྩĶ￪սҵõϢྩѾȫˣڶѾϺӣྩһսչϺڵҲһս
ǰС˵ǳʤΪʲôҲɱϺ˵ܼء
򲻿ɣǶ֮һսǳʤκϽȥĻ˵˫ͻʱֹͣսȶԸǳʤ
ˣɽʤİͯʤ
˵ҲԣɲҪû񵽣˴ֻܵϺѵʲô𣿡
Ȳ˵Ȼ壬ܵǳʤ⣬ǵǸĴսҲ٣ǸʱԪˣǲ˵ʱ򡣡
ﱻأ
ﱻҲ֤ʵСӣٳϺԿĻǡ
ͯʤ䣬һС˹˵սӵµϢپ׸׷Ѿ춫ϺϾҪܲˡ
ͯʤ˵û뵽֮죬ྩһսոսǾѾɱϺ£Ǿ͸ӲҶˡ
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230 3
ܲĿİ칫ڡ
˿̵ĿĿ֪ྩǱߵʱҲ֪ͨĶӻ꣬˾ǱܣĻ˽ྩս´ܲѽ
Ҷ֣㾡ܷģȻҴӦ飬Ǿһ쵽ٵȼСʱɣ֮ǰҵһǽ߸ġ
ĿֻһЦڴ绰ԷԾ̨Ҷ١
֣Ҫɾһ㣬ɲ˻ɵ˲̹ͷϣȻֵҿɾͲýˡ
Ҷ֣ʶôˣѵֵҰ㻹֪𡣲õô࣬ʲô⣬ֵҲԲὫ̹ˮġ
п仰Ҿͷˣֵҿɾ͵ȿֵĺϢˡ
˫ĵ绰δҶϣĿ칫ҵžͱ˸˿漴һСܼææĴܽˣˣ
ĿüͷһޣԼ绰߰ʱᱻ˴ţһûԼֱͬӳԼ칫ҵġ
Ŀǳջŭ쵰һضûУҹȥ
ǰǣˣ
СܱĿһųһ亹ȴû˳ȥɼ鲻Сѽ
ĿȻɵϣԼԼҲҲӵģһСܶˣһ淢ʲô£СܲҲ
Ҷ֣ȴ£˶֮ҵһʱ֪ͨˣҲҶֵ̹ʺá
û⣬ֵܾ͵ȿֵĺϢˡ
绰ҶϣĿʵ׷ʲô£
Сɫе԰ףһֲֻͣĲŶͷϵĴ󺹣شɽϺң˻ǳ࣡
Ŀ˵ʲôôСֵģɽʤЩСɫһǣǸĵĻ˾ǣ
ɽʤķȷѾ˳⣬ķûнѽ
ŶʲôȻѾʦˣΪʲôֲǣѵ˵ɣг˳ʤķĵ巽
ڻҲɽʤķûĿƷΧ֮ڣڿĿΪڻе巽Ϻһڻߵһġ
Сȴ˵ǣǡ
˵ʲô˵һ飬ʲô
ǣྩͷپɱϺˣ
ⲻܣ
Ŀıʱ츲صı仯ôܣôʱϺԼȥྩսڿս֮ǰԼĶҲѾ绰ԼôŶ̶̼Сʱʱ䣬һսپܵϺˣѵͲྩ
Ŀ˫ץסСܵ·ʵȷûͷĵȷǶپ
ԷŵĵȷȷǶپ׷ţңҲѾϵһȥǣǣôϵѽ
Ŀ̽һԵֻǲһ¿ĵ绰ȴһֱæ֮Ŀֱַĵ绰һȫΪæ
Ŀˣ׻ˣһ绰æ󣬿ĿɫԽĲ԰ףתΪࡣ
ѵྩǱ߳ˣĵ绰Ҳͨ
ڸô죿
ʸƨѽȫҡ
ˣˡ
һСܴ˽ĿҲ˵꣬ʵôˣ
ྩپ׷Ĵ£ѾѾܲˡ
˵ʲô˵һ飿
ǣǶѾɱϺһ֮ܲ⡣ңҡ
ʲô˵

ॡ
칫Ҵһǿľ˷飬ֻһվ˴ڣϴЦ˵װ˼ɵྩزˡ
Ŀһ˫ֱվڴϵ꣬ʵǺˣ
˭㲻֪ҲҪģΪֵֻģ뿴λڵΣʱһô
᲻ǳӷ磬ҲپǣǬ
Ҹɵ
Ŀ೯һˣʱɲðգû֤ʵྩ֮ǰӲȥκ˵Ļ
С̰γһǹɸͲǿǹǬѾʧ˴ڡ
˵ǬģĿŵı飬ÿĿڻŵͬʱӼݵĻţ֪ɵྩȥѾȫûˣڶѾɱϺһļſڣ֪ƶ³Ǻܲҵأ
Ͻȫٻ⣬ܲж
ܲ࣬ĺҲȫྩȥˣֵܶȽϷɢҪȫٻҪһʱ䡣
ʲôҪ˸ԽԽã˭ܽҴϺҸһ
һĿ⻰Сܶ˾֮ǰ־ҲȻʧڻ㲻Լڵ״֮ǰһǶôѽ
ǣϾͽֵȫٻ
֮ܲ⣬پ׷ŶѾڳӷ涨ʱڸϵپɲɵеȫۼܲĴſڣǽɢΧֻҪԼһ£ͻɱܲҲΪ˲ô쾪ϺϺϺ֪ºŻڵѾˡ
ִ磬׷磬ǲǸɱȥˣپһСʵ
׷꿴˿ʱ䣬˵ǻаСʱ
پЦСʱԡ
ɾûг֡
絽ˡ
پ˫ûеһֱܲţܲڣҲѾܳ˼ʮˣÿһ˵ﶼ
ͬʱϺصԱҲӵܲĽǿĿµģԱ̸ϻܲԸС


231 4
پ˺ڹɢһһվ֮ܲѾʮˣҲ˵жʮӣҪʮ֮
Ƕپ
Ŀ˿ѾܲĴſڣȴվ֮Ϊ˵򣬿Ŀ಻УҲȥðաңԼȥྩĶҲ֪ôˣĿɻڶ֮ǰҪ
پһЦǰһ˺ӰӶҲĴѧԻڵپȴû˵ǶپĿ࣬ˡ
ĿıȻپ㣬ڿ඼֪ᷢչ֮ǰİžӦøıһˣ
λӦþ׷ɣ
Ŀ˫תپվһ׷ʵ׷ȴһ仰Ҳû˵һսɢ˵ĵ
ǰҶôˣ
Ŀ㲻ʣپҲģ˵װ㲻õģྩúõģʱΣա
νʱҲͲãĿɲɵϣ֪پԼĶвԼ
ǵô
仰ӦʰɣװҶྩϺ˵⻪ڵİЩȴһֱҲûдྩ⣬ҲµĲĻҲӦøӣȥྩǸҷ֧ɣ
ٲ٣ҲҪĿشپ˵ǣǰһװ̾ʹҶˣսϵĹأװǲе㲻ˣ
ĿһĿɬ˵پͣӦúڵĽѾǰĽˣʱڵ˭㽲壬м˸㽲ʲôҽ첻㶫ĻǶҰģһܵҰģɹֲҡ
پмҶʵǾ˵Ķ̫ˣװ֣ҶҲᱻġǣʵѾ֤Ҷﲻûпװôʵɱ˿װǰװ˵Ǻαأ·
پ˵һѷϻЩϻͲҪ˵ģȻѾɱܲǾֱӽ˰ɣڵҲԵвģ治֪پʲô
پȻϽλӣȻɵӣʲôֱʰɣٸתĨǵġ
ãװȻϽ¼仰Ѿµ˼Ȼˣ¾Ͳ˵Ļ
һ£پֱʵ˵̨巽ôģ̨̼ҲٺôԸҶĻһһ
ⲻپҪʵģǳӷҪʵģΪӷҪ̨̼ҳԸԼ֮⣬ûϵ֪㣬ԼҲи׼ȻǱ߾Ͳ˵ˣ̨̼ûϵǣ޼Ҳݵġ
ĿôҲ벻پȻ֪¡
ȷΪҶԼĻԼ治ΪˣڲᡣǿĿ̨ܽ巽˵Ҷٿ罫˵ǰ棬һսĽô̼ܽҸˮ򣬾ﱣסˣ̨巽棬ҲĿɫģʱ˵ǼԼˣ
پãҿĿҪ𻪶صĺڰҪ˲һֻֽڿȷĸ㣬Ҹ˵˼ûϵ
پ˵ͷ˵ȻװôϣǾݹЩСĲˡ
һӣ漴ͼСܽѺ˹
֣ҡ
ûˣҲмȥ飬ǰĽɫŻȥ
پ㵽Ҷô־ͷһܽΪвĳ룬㶫ı𣿡
װ˵һҲǾҲѾȷӦ°ܽΪвĳ룬ԣӣҪ
Ҫ
֡
ٰɷģӣЩһܿͻˡ
׷̽еսپȴ׷ʹһɫɫе֣·кܶ˼㣬˼һ׷ȴһ۾˹
ˣͲӦûϡ
׷ָ𣬿ɵδ䣬Ŀ󺰵ǧ֣ˡ
ৡ
һ𣬵һȴǴ׷ϷģǴ֮ܲġ
پȻ̧ͷͼһͬķɵ׷˹ٶ֮죬پϵֵס
Сġ

ɵֱ׷սϣ׷һһս֣˵ϡ
׷˺˺üļСܸסվ˽š
ڳˡ
پվ˿ǰɲܱ˽һҪġ
˰ϵһĸ֣
پۿȥͼ֮ܲվһŮӣŮһͷƮݵĳһɫ˿סͿò
ǧ֣ɱˡ
ôĿҪһ֮ɱپˣҪжʵѽ
ɲòϣǸղŵһپ֪ǸŮˣнԼȫɱʵҪɱԼܲԼսҲǵֵסģӲĶ֣ǿĽɫ֮УһܵС

ҹһЦĿ̧ͷȥû뵽֮УȻҲһ֣ѵǴɱ
پ׷겢û̫ĳԾΪһĻǳӷͰźõģԿ˰ϵһĸָһĸһֱŰĻ治Ǽ¡
پŮ˽ңǡ
ӷվܲĵϣԶŮӡ
׷ǰڵϵսٴָɱ𣺡Σû˾ȵˡ
ǣǲɱң

ĿһҲۿԼĶӱ׷նɱŮӣȴûٳȡ
쵰ȻɱҶӡˣЩһ
ǣ
һսҪˡ׷꣬˫ϲɱ١
ɱ˭ɱپ׷꣬ҵλӾ˭ġ
ĿʲôǻȥˣԼλӲҪҲҪΪԼĶӱ
ưԻҶֵܣֻܽˡɱɱɱ
һپ׷겢ûȳȥǶһѷϽܲ
棬ӷ⻪˰ϵһĸ֣Ҳ벻ȻһŮˣңɢӦǸߡ
ˣ꣬ѵҲһ𣿡
ӷ粻Ů˶֣ӲȥɱŮˣԷӲҪԼΪеĻӷҲֻǿˣ
ǧֹ̡
ǧֹŮˣǸ֣


232 5
ӷǧٹ̨֮ϣ˭Ҳûжһ¡
ŮеأǳӷֵΨһ뷨ΪģΪԼʱԵ˵İûǰ侲ɱж󣬲ܶĳӷʵһôĽ׶Σͬһ㣬ԼҲûˣҲûκĴˡ
һôľѵһҲηѵ浱
СӣŮ˾˵ʲôϵĵһ֣
ڳӷ𣬵ӷȴǿ̾˿˵ң˰ɲųģ֪ǵʱǲǳʲô⣬Ů˵ʵҲپ׷֮ϣɽһ𣬸Ӳܻ˸Ķ֣ôܵһλȥأ
ɽCߣڳӷȻ˵˰ϵһĸֱɽһҲ˵ֻǸB߶ѣʣһBߣô쵽˰һģ
İôپ׷֣ҲܴģӣҸղİǸŮˣֵҶ֣
ȷһB߻ҪӷԶ⻰ȥЦ
ɽȴͻȻһ˵ѽ
ʲôԣ
޷Ů˵ϸо˿Ϣ
ʲô˼ѻ˵㣿
⻹𣡵һûϢȻǸˣʣһˣôԻĺúõģ
ˣ
ӷɫ΢䣬ŽĻǸŮǰҲȴһѽôܻ˵ǸûϢأ
䣡ڱϵһ
ӷڵΧһΧţɺʤ¶ȣʹΧĽϣһ㱡ı
ˣԭһ
ʲô
Ǻǣ֪ܿˣҲĸ͡Сӣҿȷĸ㣬˲㣬ҲɱȰ㻹ǷȽϺã˷ʱһֵŮϣ
󸶪һóӷĻֱ˯ȥˣӷ绹
˵ⶼʲôʲôѽһֻ󡣬Ȼ
ڳӷ͹ֻܲ󡣬Ӳȥ˵Ļٵɿ
ҿɲʱ˷һBϡȻ㲻֣ǾݹҲϧˡ
ӷľһչ˿ѷɵǧֹ˹ȥ
ǧֹȻվԭһҲûжɳӷķɵһѽһѵĴ壬˺üüĴҲһѷɵλжʮѷɵǰ˭ǾĸҲǱɣӷȻȥ룬̾˿һսҲ̫˵ɣ
ɵӷʱȴ˵ķڶԼʮǧֹȻԭأһҲûжûе£
⡭ܣ
ӷ˫ķǳ󣬴ӶҪƵģĶǧֹһĻóӷ벻鷢ˣͬʱӷҲѾףŮˣΪʲôBߵʵڻ˰֮ˣԭǸ
һ棬پ׷ŶѾɱܲĿԱıҲѾ˵ܲмλãڶŰΧѾߵıԵû漣ֵĻҲԻ
װѾ군ˣȰûǷͶȻҲܱЩˣҲǿԱסǵģֻҪԸҶΪǾǾͲ
پĵͦġû´ĻղųˣӦþνľɣ
еʶȻ֪Ǿ٣ǾԼз𣿡
پ̫ˣˣһƣܿͻὫǸģϺЩһ֮ء
Ҿλ״òʲôɡ
ɱȥ
ＸСܵʱ򻹲ϷΪһΰλӣҲƴˣ
ЩôƴҲûõģԶǿƣֻһһĵڵϡ
׷꣬ʱѾˣڻ㶯֣ȡλ״ͷɡ
׷˵ͷսһӣȴûгȥһһĳĿ߹ȥ׷ǰԱһһ׷ս֮¡
ϱ뿪
ʣһԱ䣬룬ֻҪɽڣͲûա
پ׷꣬ӮˣȴԶǶ֮ҿĿһᱨġ
˼ûᱨˡ
ৡ
׷磬˿ĿǰսĿΧСܿ˹ȥ

ܡ
ˣһУ̫ˡ
ֵǾһˣء
ĿļСеĵֱء
Ŀ࿴صʬ壬ԼݺỪʮ꣬ҲȲƬû뵽죬ȻڱһİУһܵôңԼ˵ȫûԼĶӣԼԼеЩƣһȱɱڣҲֵԼˣ
ѵѾѵǸͨǧ֣Ҳɱ
Ŀ֪࣬գαصһʱ̰Ӧ̨̼ԸҶءսᣬ̨Ǳߵˣ֮ҲȥģͰϢɡ
پ׷꣬Ȼҽˣǣȴɱҡ
Ŀγǹȴûָ򶫰ˣǽǹڶԷŽԼĿУϻֲмЦ⡣
֮ܲһǹ죬ڵһǣ


233 6
ӷ˫һգҲûգŶǧֹΪӷ»һĻӷԾһĻҲ벻һĻ
ɣô£
֮ǰʮѷɵǧֹ壬˭ܻǣǧֹȴûе£ңȫһǿĺΧţЩɵɵ˺Ľһ㱡ı漴˿ϵıڿٵʧʧǧֹЩɵɵˣȻҲʧˣ·Ҳ˿Ƶĺۼ
Ů˵ʲôˣΪʲô˵ģ
ӷһ뵽ʲôƵģѵܸĽ壿
ԴӳӷӻѵĿ˽⵽ֲͬرʿ֮󣬾ʹû߿ԸΪһģҲǲܵ飬Ͼرʿӵеͬһ߽һߵͻͬһ˵໥ɣ໥ײǺ߽ǲ֮£
ǣȻܸ岻ܽΪһ壬ǰŮôһ£
󸣬ҳ
ʲôѽҿǸ߼ģ˯Ҳ㳳ѣһòûУ
˵Ů˵ôһ£Ϊʲô֮⣬޸е壿
ӷ˵⻰ʱеˣ壬Ҳڽ޸ѽҲ˵ǧֹͲرʿģ
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㵱ȻûˣˣңҲֻǰ˵ѣҲǵһμġ
ӷջ˽󸣬Ѿķϻʵ̫ˣ
ٲֱӻشҵ⣬ҷߣ
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˵ʦһϹʱھѾڵ񣬰ڵĴ˵νļ壡ּػĹҲͨ˵ĹأĹأơĹ
񣿾Ǵ˵Щɣ
粻Ǵ˵ʵڵģȻѽ߾ĻҲҪϸѪģҲ޷ԶڣĤݡ
飬ӷڻʣһԼΪ۷徳磬ͬлȥģǰǣȾ٣ǿǾһѽӷ绹治ȥΣգ
Ȼôܻ
㵱ǳѽͬģֻǻıͨ˾úܶ౶ѡΪ֣һսһȻȻͱ֮Ϊ˥˵ǽһ黹أؼԴԴϵѭЩڽ黹֮󣬱ͻữΪһˮҲǵʬ壬һСؾĵطڡؾػЩĹģͱΪʦһ£˵ǰ˵ʦ񣬶һӵرˣǵǳرǰҲǳ٣û뵽ڣʦȴɼЩߡӷһͷȻ֮óӷ⣬ӷҪ֪Ŀɲ᲻ֻ֮ᱻʲôط֪ػ֮ĻЩʦ֮⣬ôӵ޸
Ѿ˵һ񻰹¶û˵صȥ
ˣⲻҪ˵𣡡˵ʦϹʱڣĳһλ˼зģλΪػĹ͸һ䣬ʹԶ޷뿪ؾͬʱҲΪĹϵʦӵһƵȴֻˣ޷˻߲ʹӲʦʱƳԱǿΪˣ
ìܣ˵Ҳ̫ì˰ɡ˵ǰ㣬ʦ뿪Ǹʲôؾǧֹô⣬ʦֻˣҸղŵķɵٴüĵģͬκѽЩôͣ
ô֪ѽʦҲֻǰ˵ѣҲǵһμΪʲô뿪ǸصġؾģôᳬʦҾͲ֪ˡҲû˿ϢйأԴⷽȥ顣
Ҳͷ˵˵û˵һԼȽϺá
𣿱ˣ˵ʦԶ뿪ؾģΪĳԭ뿪ˣһ֣Ҳǵģй©ˡؾ֮ʹǵ޷԰Ϣ
Ǿֱɱ
ɱ˵ĻͲ˵ôˡĹ㣬ʦѾˣôԼŰ죬˯
ִȥˣɳӷڲٿһǿֱʩչˡľۻʾǧֹ˹ȥ
ʲôˣҲ뿪
ǧֹ˵ȻѾ֪ҵݣǰ˵ǲġͬɱ㣬ȻˣǾͺڰɣԺһлᣬҾͻȡ
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237 Ⱥ
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ѽɱˡСӣҪﱣЭȥ㡭


238 ׾
ྩһξ㣬ΪɽʱӭȫصοֻͣҪһڣɽͻɽҲΪοŵİȫ룬ɽϸûоƵ˼ңΪɽɽƱȽվÿÿҹﶼ·һҹɽǾǾסɽµľ񶼻·
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ӷ罫ڴĽֱóһʯͷϣýǲˬ˵ͲôԴһֻ߼һǴġ
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ǰҲˣȻҵѾˣǿ󹦷ҲܾʹʧѽС䲻ôأȴڻԵ֮µõһ꼶ĹϣؽǰǸ˵Ĺ㣬ӦÿԽġ
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239 Ľݸг
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240 ̫֮ŭ
ǰӷ¶ԺԺˣų;ϸྩѧڰĽ죬ӷֻصԼļ磬Ҳǳӷĵһ磬ǳӷĵطСӷȴĸ顣
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241 ǿ¼1
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242 ǿ¼2
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243 ǿ¼3
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244 ǿ¼4
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245 ǿ¼5
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ǵģΪԺҵǸָʱྩʱҸĸϳˣȻҵĸĸ͵ѧУҵҡȵʱҲǣΪǲļˣ淢˺ܶ£Ҳ֪겢ҵģҸճã˿ڷӸ͵ˡ
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Ժе⣬˿ڷ͵˸ճĳӷ磬ӦýӤŶѽôᶪڽֱߣһǮӤϡ
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˵ϵܣĸһҲʡ쵼ɣȻ費ܻʶʡίѽ
ӦǸ쵼ɣСɫѣǸίֻǳѵĹϵŰæġ
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㣬İɣղֻ̫ˣԺԲᶯִˡ
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һʱ䣬ʳ˶Ϣ̫ͻȻˣԺԼĶ䣬Լ֮ǰ˵˵ѣû뵽ͳˣ
ӷ磬˵һ飬˵СҪʲô
顣
飿ȷ
Ȼˡ
̣϶Ʊȫȥྩ
ԺͿ˰ɣӷ˵Ǵߣһء˵ˣȥҲ˶ȥˣô죿·̫Զʵڲȫϡ
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ԺǶ飬ǽ顣
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ӷܵܣǲҪƽ˯һˣ
Сܵӷǰʵ˶Ц
Сʲôѽ
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ӷ磬ȥྩĵڶ췢ģСںӱ棬һֵʯͷǿʯͷÿһʱͻᷢⷢȣ붪ģ֪ΪʲôʱСǶ԰ʯͷǹ¶Ժͺ˸һһ𣬲ǰỹڣˣ
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247 ˵еʯͷ
ģ¶Ժͬһ¯㣬ȵϢԺɳȵϢӵƵģɢںԺû쵽طȥ֮ǰӷʳʱûио
ԭںԺֵĺѾʶ˳˺ԺŮ۴ޣǱŻˡ
Ժ̵һʱ佫ĺȫǰԺȥӷһ˺Ժ뿴ŵôһ¡
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ӷ磬һ̫ΣˣǸһȥɡ
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˵ҲԣöһǻоԵĺôҲԻһѵĵߣ֮ĸ߲ʯ䣬ǶһѽҲÿһ֮


248 
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٣ʵƿƳ֮ԻץΪ¶ԺһСӡ
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סپܷģһ鷳ġ
ˣʡǸίҲҶһ㣬ʱٲֵĻ͵ôܵģͿ㶫𡣡
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ţȥ°ɣ֮ڸһ𸴡
ǻᾡ֮ڽ¸㶨ģ׼칦ưɡ


249 Сѧͬѧ
ZнСѩϵ˲ûм٣ΪԼæµţˣֻҪû۾ǾҪͣǰߣԶûͣϢʱ䣬Ҳеһֱ˰ɣ
ɶ˹¶Ժӷһ˴ϣƾССѩԼȴû˿Ĵ̬֮
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֪VIPûҵ֣
ӷŲֱӽͼݡ
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Եģָ֤ҡ
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ӷ磬˵˵ɣྩѧôһྩѧĵһɣ
ûôྩѧѧϰɼõĶȥˣҸŲϡ
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İɣҿɲˡ
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250 ͬѧۻ
ڶ˵һľۻᣬѡ˭ļңȥĶǾưɻKTVһȺԼʮҵŮ˿ۼһKTVĴڣԼʮңÿһ֮䶼̵ֳ顣
ӣЩͬѧУǵһģ֯ۻҲһְŵģڶѾ˵ˣô˻ûѽ
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ҿû˵ЩŮͬѧУ˭ƯѽλɹζЦѵġ
⻰һʹİŮ˿ɾͲˣһȫװͰ͵ĿӣʹһǰһǸ
ѾǳˣСʱǶôĶãҲǰ۸˭˭ֱ˭۸ڣܹһǾѵõԵ֣˭Ҳ׵ĽԵ֣ƻġ
Сɽ绰ݣѾͷ֮ǰһң˭Ҫһ󲻵˹ôڻûѽ
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Ѿͷֵĺأܶ˵ҹӦòѣѵĻһһʱҵġ
Ҵ绰ɣ潻ѵĻЩͬѧҲΪеˡ
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254 1
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гʵ벻ͨһССZУһССĹ¶ԺôһǿƵĽɫأʡ쵼˶ηһԼ
ǸôѽϺأǿɾôһӣۿСҪˣϱҲѾסǼˣСʱ֣Ȳ˵ԺӲùָôѽ
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֣һСѧͬѧպǹ¶ԺĹ¶Ҳڹ¶ԺģӦܰǡ
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255 2
ƴƵZõһҾƵꡣϹٳݸոϵʱѾӷӾƵ˳ӷһģˣһӣȽݣ˶װҲһٳϵʣˣȻӷ˵Цģڰͽӷһ
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256 Ҳû
ӷתһۣżͬѧû뵽ôּˡ
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257 ٣ɱٱ
౻ˣļܸһѵͬʱҲZЩνȨƵˣ˭ȥ˭ȥǣƫƫǹ¶ԺﲻҲǲڴ˵֪¶Ժλʲôͷʲôݡ
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ҳԶɽ࣬ҳҵɣҲֻ֪ҲΪһѪͳȽ⣬ÿһﶼܼ̳Ѫͳ
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ۣҲûй㣬ô˵ҳҲͷЩ˹ƶ޲ôܻӦ㵱Ҫ󣡡
֣˵ҵֻǻһûֱ绹Ǹˣ

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ҾãͲö룬ֻҪһ֣٣ɱٱǡ
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ɵƣҪô˭Ҳı䲻ˣΪùģΪЩڻϸ;ϵÿˣҪǻ𳵻ǳ;ʻȫֹͣʹȫһĻͣһĹϣҲγһųĳӣӷɾе
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Ҳ֪ĸ˿͸һ³ʹ󺰵óӷ綼ȥȴס˳ӷ磬˵ٹܵ°ɣըָ޹ء
ͳըأ϶⻹ȥѽ˵ྩأǿԸһߡ
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˵ҲԣڹϵĳһһģһըĻӿǶΣաУǸϿ³Աߵ·ѩҲѽ
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ô֪ҪҪѽˣʲôܶˣ߰ɣȥ


258 Ұɱ1
ըĿͳһȺ˸ΧڣЩҲֵܹģΪÿһ˶֪һ쵽ΧĳϣıըԽԽ࣬Χ˶Σգǣÿһ˶õϵѩȥƸסϨ
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259 Ұɱ2
˶ӵɫȻƽҪڵ硣յʱ䣬ͬҹ㣬ڻҰ֮أ֮УÿһҪʮֵСģⱻʲôʯͷ֮Ķ
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260 һ
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261 Ϊһ
ɫˣҲ˿⣬ѩȻƮ䣬ڹϵѾĻһƵġ
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ʲôЦߣ˭ܴѽң˵Էˣʲô࣬ⱨ룬˭ѽ
ǰڳӷϹɲġǸӻǽɣǶûʲôã
ӷѽôоԼƵģ
СѣϹܱסСѾˣʽ󸣬ʱ˼ʱǼһߣϹȥˣվ˵ѽ
ɣôǿĴڣ
ϻȻһûԼ𣿡
˶٣ӷʵһ֪ǸװŵĵʲôΪʲô뷽涼ôţǿࣿ
Ҳ֪Ƴ˳鱨Ա֮⣬뷽Ҳ֪鱨Աֻ˵ҵĶпܻһ䡣
䣿ɶ˼
֪˳鱨Ա֮⣬Ӧû֪ˣ֮ǸӷǳҪһҪҵ䵽˵


262 
ϼĳԶɽĸһɫ䣬Ȼ΢棬ɢ΢΢̹⣬̹䲻ȴ鷿
ۣ˶٣
࣬һҲֻѣѾȫˡ
εļƻرǳɹˣǾ͵ʵǵĵһƻԣΣԺҪһ㡣ȻЩһĿǰ޷٣ЩҲСӣ
ţס֣ӷ粻֪ΪʲôͻȻЩҵһҪ׷ȥܣ¾ͱסˡ
Ȳùô࣬ҵ㣬ҪҲ֮飬ǸʱӷʵҲѾˣֻҪʵһ죬Ҿа취ڵѪѣ֮ĵҲͿжˣ
䣬Զɽһֻһֻڷһ˿˿һɫҺʱ佫ڻ˵ɣ
ǲȥЩսȥˣ
˵ҪȥǣǸһսԼѾˡ
㿴˭Ӯ˭䣿
ڵʵǿ࣬Ǽһֻڲ֮䣡˭˭ӮҲò׼
Ըĸһĸ׾Ϊħ߻ħҸϵʱѾ̫ˣе㵣ѽ
֣ȻģǵΪʲôҪһдۣɱǶȫ壬ħأ
飬Զɽ̾˿˵ۣҳұһƷ壬ﱳһôĵΪ˵ĻʵԽȥǵҳҵѪҵжѽΣֻܱ·ˣ
ۿЦҳҴô꣬ѪҲÿһΪĵġǰЩ汲ѡѪȥΨѡ˱ߵĴУ˵ʵԴҳ֮ĵӸΣҪЩ汲Ǽ޵Ķ࣡
˭һѪءۣҲĵʱѾĹˣҲˣ
ûвĵˣֻǳĵ¸ͨ˲ͬѣ
ӷѾصྩΪྩµʮྩΧļѾͨһ룬޷;ʻ
Ѿ鱨Ա֮ϱ룬Ҳ뷽벻ţʵʵΪˣֶӵĸˣɲ˵ٻҲ
Խһ˵ʱԼĶҲڳ㶪ʮÿ绰ѯʳӷʲô¶ӳʲô⣬Ǳ̫ࡢ̫æԽѾɱྩ
ӷ类ĸ׷ʮʱ䣬ڰ˭֪鷳һһ
죬Фҳӷ磬װģһ³ӷʱ䶼ʲôȥˣΪʲôȥѧУ֮һ»ϵ⣬ӷڿФĿ֮ФҲֻ̹ˡ
ʲôҪȥţ
һʧӷͷͨմӽֶӴҪתʱܵȥҲ̫ѽ֪ڹϵ»᲻ٷһΣһ·ֱˣɻҲɲˣԼҪŴܳһʱ䣡
ӷͬѧҪô˵Ҳྩѧһӣһָѡ㲻ȥĻѵҪҴྩѧɣ
治֪ЩЩʲôϴε鲻ѾŴѧҲѾˣܵ˵ĵȥⲻû𣡡
ɲ鷳ŴѧǵģӮһΣƴǵĻԵ̫ˡ
ԭΪϴŴѧսྩѧһսŴѧĺܲȫѧźʱŴѧྩѧǰţٽһѧ
ЩһĿܵѽӲѡƫƫѡ˺ڼ䣬ⲻǵҪȫעⳡѧ𣬱Ͼںٵʱ˶ûʲôºִʱҲǲģƵʱŴѧһὫⳡѧ󣬸ȫ¶֪һǲԱ𣬻ܸȫŴѧȷྩѧ֮ϡ
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֪̫үţӶҪģû¸棬ȿɣŴѧַȫѧԺ뺯
뺯Щѧģ̿εѧ˭ѽ
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ûɣȻָա
˵㲻ȥУ㲻ȥĻ͵ڸˣơоǣ뺯˵ĺӷ֮䵽ĸʵѧĸŪٵţֻȫѧԺĴ֤֮²ܿ϶
Ѿģʲô˼ʲôʵѧʲôŪ٣
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ӷЦһ£˵ҪĻһҵġߺߣƣҲȥңġ
㵽ȥǲȥѽ
ȥǶ˵ˣܲȥҲҪȥҪźúһ档
ӷóֻһ绰˵پ׼һ£µ׸ȥš
ФΣ˵ӷͬѧȥѧģپȥʲôƴѽ
㲻ùܣҴپȥҵĿġ
ӷĵȻ棬Ҿ㡣ȻңȽҸ޾ƽˡ


263 
ѩͣͣ䣬Ʋǲȫֹͣˡ
⼸ӷ綼ȽУҲȥ˼ѧУУµȥŵ飬ҲûκεһоͰնУǵİţʱԼȥˣҪȥģȻƵڶԼƣǾ͸ڶ֮ǰҸ޾ˡһ̨޾һ𣬻ҲʱֻҪ΢ɫɽʤͶҲһͳˣ
ѩɢһȤҪ֮»ɢģƲ࣬ӷ磬еһ
ڼҴģѧУűپǴżһţڹ˾Ǳ߻ǲɫӷ粻ɢ治֪ʲô
ʱҲѽֳϴɽ飬Ľеķˡ
˶Ҳ飬ôҾͶһֺ֮أ
ӷ̧ͷŴƮѩ̾˿˵ҪʱһҲûУҲ֪ţܵʲôطȥˣ
ƴţǬһྩֻһһ˵үҪǹ֮󶼶ྩ䲻ǳӷΧ˴ĶŲ˵ĻҲҲģ
һ˽ĳɳߵȫΪΪҵΪͥæµʱԼȴûʲôºָоʵڲܣҲȻȻһֹ¶֮Уӷ磬ھָоҲᵽָо
ӣһҪŬ飬ҪгϢˣǸһССͲ飬֪ڽߣһ֪ǸԻȵģ
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ʵӷȥǸ˵Ķӣ˵СѣǸ粻飬Щ飬ǰѾԵˣΪ׬ǮԸͲҪ
ӷ֪ĻԼ˵˵ˣҲû˻ţʵʵѽܲܽʵƷɣ
֪ӷߣѾĺ棬ӷ̾˿˵ںڵϣپǼ˵Ѿȫˣ̳ϣżҲǶһĴ󽫣ÿһ˵֣˵жͬ񻰰㣬ңûôѽ
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˵˵Ϊһʵѧȴʱһֱߣ磩ּʧ£ԼŮ˻Ҫ뿪ԼĴʵѳܣ
һҪ󣡡
е˻ƣûôҲûйؿధӲҪ뿪ҪҪȻ˵ģ
˵ɣǰ쵽һ㡣
һ档
˵ҪӲԾ£˫Ȼ
ʵѾˣǷһһǮȥҵģܲܳɹǾҪԼˡ
ҲҪһǮģֻһ棬׿ڸңãҾͷˡ
Ůһ£˵Ǻðɡʲôʱ
ϰ˵㣬ǾȥĲ¥ɣȻѾһ𣬸飬ҴྩҲûʲô˼ˣ֮Ҿͻϼȥ
Ů˽˵ͷת뿪ˣ
ʱ򣬳ӷѾһ˫۾ĿˣһתҲûת֮ǰ˵Ļӷķǳ˫֮УȻۣ
硣
ӷ翴ŸҪ뿪ˣǳ
ת˫Ҳųӷ磡һ̣ŬȥϵĿɬǿЦӷ磬ӷ磡
磬㣬ôྩ
˸ӷһԷʱ˫Ҳۡ
ǹ¶ԺԺСӣҲһֽӷλԺĶӡ


264 
ȳӷպôһ֣ʮǰĸףҲǹĹ¶ԺԺһֱӷ統ԼӿļŮҲӷ統ֵܿÿӷʱԺһҶǾľչ˳ӷ硣
ڳӷϸѧྩ֮ǰҵ˸ģǸʱΪʱĹϵӷûļྩ֮ҲΪܶϵҵˣû뵽죬Ȼྩ
磬ôྩģдʽлôˣ
Ժ֮⣬ŮˣͶ꣬ÿһҲѾˡ
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˿Ļû˵ˡ
ӷ֪ĲŻģҲдĵӰ籾ȷǳÿһ˼ÿһڶôпգȴȱ֮УÿһϸڷҲ趨ķǳáǰӷ϶һΪı磬û뵽Ϊ˽ʣĲŻ֮أ
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һٶӷжˣͬʱҲģһҪΪȫõı磬ԼͶԲԺ֮顣
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ӷ磬ڻСϵ˻һϻˣıΣᱻϵ۹ȾģҲᷢ仯ġǰһǳˣ⼸ȴˣҿ͸ȻҲдûչ˺Ҫչң£ÿһŮ˶ܰɣ
ӷ˿˵磬ⶼҲã
ӷ磬ͲѽûãԼŮ˶ǡ
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̸ѽдЩ籾˶ûУôܴһƬأ
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ӷ磬˵Щˣ˵˵ɡǵʱ˵ɽʧˣȫȥ㣬Ұ
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磬㲻ҪȥʹྩҰϵһҹ˾һġ
ӷ磬ͱοˣֲʵˣļҹ˾ѽ
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ӷ粻ܽԼǲţֻ£ӷҲֱ˵
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ȻģϵһǸѣܵȥϰˡ
ӷߵһԴ绰绰Ǵżģֱӽܲø룬ǣӷͽкһ̹һˡ
Լʮ֮󣬺һСӾȻһ˹Сʱ׬Ĳѽǰ˳Զٷ벻ھȻϱˣ̶̰ʱı仯һһأһ֪ûгӷĻûнԼԣһĸԸӷһӡ
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һȻ²ˣǸ߲㣬Ҫǣ;ϸ߲λãɼӷѼҵײѽ
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һһͷ亹ӷ綼ơ硱ˣĸҷһֻһֻЦ磬ɱҪ˵СͿˣǳĴ磬ǿҵĴѽҡ
ȿȡ
ӷһָ̻ԭ˵磬ǻİɡ
ǳԾкһһǳţŵٶ֮ģ򲻿ôŵθ߲㡣ǣһԼ̬ȣȴ˵飬ʵǳϡ
ӷ˵һһҪ㰲һ¡
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һжܲõյУǵĵһӰΪŶӱĹ˾ǿüʽҲۺʱܸӰԼˡ
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λպд籾ģ˵ǲŻ磬ֻǧûϲ֡һ㿴ܲܰһ£
û⣬û⡣磬ҿҪɣ׾͵ǹ˾ңҴȥܲãнˮǺ
е㶣ôҪˣҲԼ籾ҲֱӾ˵нˮǲе̫ˣ
һʱûӦӷ˵ǾҪ°ɣͷܲǰ˵ûûҪ˵δλҪͲţˣҪΪȫı磬ĻҲҪ˷Ҵʱ䡣
ӷҪ𣿾ԲǣҲúһżԼû쵽ĻܲõλӣҲøˡ


265 ŵı
һƨƨߵܻŴӷȥˣӷȴû뿪ڿԹѵˣӷȴûиΪӷǳ˽Ըǰʱͷǳչ˳ӷ磬ܳʲôʲôڴֻʣʮǮóӷ򵥵ģҲĿǰΪֹѾһ˰ɣ
ӷ磬治֪ôл㣡λ
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˵ڰ濣ֻϣҸҲȥʲôˣϾ⼸ȣ
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ӷ磬˵ʵѾûָоϵڲ飬Ѿܲģ
ӷʵ˵Ժõģܻ㣬㻹𣿡
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ӷ磬ʲô
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еģӷ磬ȻʲôûУǵȻҪеģҲ˺ѽ
һҹްն㣬һ֪ġ磬ڼ̤֮ˣǸŮˣǸŮҵˣͷϲһţźȻƻĻΣҾҪĸʮĴۡ
ӷ磬˰ɣ˵ǸǱˣҪ˿ڣǶǵġң㻹ѧΪҵǣ㣬ǾõĸҲҵġ
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һҲԣӷŵĸ߲㶼ʶһ仰Լţ˵ܰԼһصء
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ڲһˣȻӷʶͷĴԼʲôþñеĶҲóˡ
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磬ȸңǼһʲôģ
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һҾߵĶѣð졣磬֮ǰǸŮ˲˵һǮ㵽ʱֱӿҪ
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ҪСǮȷ̫ˣҪģǸһвƲҵ뿴Ǽһ᲻ΪǸŮˣԼƴҵ
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ܵĻûʲôͷˣҪľǲܣֻҪӦǻʵүҲҪྩԶʧ
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һ棬е㷢ëˣΪԼӵĻһ˹ˣû뵽
ˡ
վߵǰҲǿһ۳ӷ磬е죬ȴ벻ʲôط
Ŷӷ磬Ұֵĺӣġ
һ۳ӷ磬һ¶Ҳʲô˵һ°ɡλҵѣ׳档
֣ӷЦ˳ʵһдѽ
棬ǰǸ
濶׳ĳƺǳˣô˵Ƕԡˡ𣬱ôƺԷԼܲţ
׳桰šһ˵СɣԼҾͿˣȵʲôԼŰ죬ʡǮ
⻹ǱѽʲôԼŰ죬ʡǮ˵ѾĵǼƵˣһƲ¥ѣʡǮɣ
ˣ̸ֻģ̸֮ˡ
̸飿СѽҪʸ̸Ҹᣬ֪һôˣš
׳⻰һڣɫʱ䣬ƣǳƣȻ˵ˣҲûҪˡ
ǰɣû˼㡣Ȼѡ㣬úչҸ֮䲻κεĹϸˣҲõʲô
ģҴûĹǸŮˣãĳΪҪǣҵ֣ʵҸѽ
һû뵽ѽֶˣӣ֪֪Ļ̫ˣ
˵ɣжǮʵڴ󿪿ڣװߣҲŮˣȻôġ
п˿̿һ۳ӷ磬ڳӷ΢΢˵ͷҲһݣʵǲҿ㶼ң
е⣬˵ҪǮѽҲˣôˣ
Ȼ˵ɣһ򣿡
ӷǿҡͷ˵ǷˣһҲ˵ĳڣһ˵ʮأ
˶٣˿˵ҪġȫҲ


266 Ϊ
һƬķǳ
˭Ҳ޷ֿȥˣԼӱ߶ѹסŭˣȻῪ
һʱ䣬׳¶סˣе㻳ԼҲǾ⣬ѵ֪Լڸ˭˵
濶޷˵˴󻰣ʶٵ飬ʱ䣬ʱȥһˣ˵ͬʱ䣬ǰˣԼǰɷ
Сӣ˵һ飬Ҫʲô
׳Ѿеѩѷǰϵ̻Ҹ΢΢һվһߵǽԼɾ˰㣬ҪȥżѾ
ȻѾ˵˿ڣ֪ղˣȻ鶼ѾչԼȥĻһˣˣҲûʲô˼ˡ
ðɣܽĽô͵һ˰ɡ
ţҲѾӲ׳㣬ǰ׳Ⱛԣߣ˵ˡ˵ҪȫҲ
ͬһ仰˵Σ׳滹Լˣľˡ

׳ЦЦͷ·һЦƵģȻҪ󣬶κһ˵һЦʣ˭ӣٽԼļҲȫģⲻɵʲô
Ц˵ĻǲӦøһˣ
׳ֹͣЦ˿̣濵ﶼģϾǷһɲ뿴߲ྩΪ֪׳ʶڰ˵أһ潫׳ŭˣҲûˣ
ôߣǮһģҲٲˣڻ߰ɡ
˵Ů˹һȥ
ӷͻȻʹİ濵˫һתŭһ֣ʲôʸ˵
֣˵һ飿
ӷɫһ䣬˫¶׶֮ɫ˫һվߣһָֻ̧׳£˵ظһղŵĻ˵ˣٸҲס
ӷɭ濵ĻһĺëͷƤʼ飬˫Ųȥֱ˵ǽϡ
ɱǳӷɢɱ˵ǰͨˣĸ֣ԳӷɱʱСӣڻӷ֣ͬҸԼҸһʣм
磬£ҽ
ӷͬƶǰûעӷʲôʱԼǰģһվԼߵˣôһ¾ܵԼǰȥˣԼĻþ
Сӣ֣ȻҸҿ㣬ѵͲΪͷ
ӷЦҲ㿴ǸǮıҴֻǸһеСӣŮǺģͷҪл㿴ǣϣЩŮˣõģҲģȻˣǾҪø۵׼
ôСӣ붯֣û㣬ƾ񡣡
֮£㣬ļҲǸǲ
ȻåΪʲôͲˣå˵ˣڶʲôʱˣһåʶûеĻͲ˵ԼǸִˡ
ҪҵļҲԣȰ°ɡ
׳һˣֵģȻԼЩǮʲô
ϰѾǰ˫ȭͷǵ
һס˳ӷ磬˵ӷ磬ܵ뿪Ҫˡ
ǰӷ汻۸ʱǰڳļƣڳӷǰȻÿһζ˴ıףȴûаԹԣΪʲôΪӷ統ֵܿ
磬Ϊҳͷ̫ˣΣҰͷɡ
ͬʱӷ絥һ̧һȽһ˸ߵڵء
ӷߵҽûУֱӾεڵأǳӷ粻ֳĻһѾˡ
ţڶֳ˹ӷʱһס˵ڶ˵Ĳӣֱ׳ǱһûǶȥģƹȥģ
һĻֱɵۣӷʲôʱôˣڵʯ֮䣬ͽˣ⻹ԼʶǸӷ𣿻ڹ¶ԺǸӷ𣿵һʹСӣôŰ಻ͱָˣ
һΣļҲǸǲ
ӷûп׳棬ҲûǸҪ
׳Լ±ӷ¾͸ˣ᲻֪ӷǸӣԼɴ򲻹
СӣҾ㣬ǧңҽгµĻҽһŹġ
г
ûҽྩегҶҵĻҽһ
棬˵ôʲôϴ绰㣬˹ʰСӡ
׳ڻĸҴʲô绰ѽɲҪԼĵ绰ûȥԷ͸֮ǰԷԼһԼŵˣ
ӷЦ绰𣿺ãҾ͸һλᡣ绰Уǰ׵ĻǺڵģֻҪܽйֻҪеӱ㣬ǽ¾ʹ˽ᡣ˵ķۣʮҴɡ
Сӣ˵ģҴ绰˵ʱ͵ϮҡӺɷ˵Ҫĵ
㻹ɷأЦٶ˵ˣһߴ绰ȥǾš
һ׳Ľг´ţ˵ӷ磬ҿ˰ɣֵ̫󡭡
ұǮӣ㲻ҲˣȻСˣǿˡ
ұ졣Ůˣʲôʸ˵Ҵ磬Ҵ翴㣬ҲҴӡ죬ֵܵΪҴڿʼҴ
㣬ʲô㣬ҵţǵˣҪÿ
һ֪ôҪҺÿ


267 Զǰʧ
Ƕ˵ȴΪģսʱЩоΧı˵ɣںڰУıԵеȴԮӪȣ飬ƱֱսҪܣҪš
ڣ׳䲻սʱȴͬһƬڰ֮У֪ʲôʱԼ³ͻһ»Ҫңڵϣ˫һգԶˣ
ʵ׳˵ŮˣȱֻҪǮǮҲҪ̫࣬ѵûŮ𡣿ٵ׳浽ڶûһŮһֱʹκòиŮ˸Լһ֣ԣô׳涼ҪȽԼָ֮󣬰ŮҲûʲôֵˣ
ڵԵıȽӷɳϣ׳ȴվһԵĽ䣬ڵȣԼĽλгԼֻҪһ׳ԣֿŰˣСӣҲ
е׻˵ĺãٶһ׼û³ǰ⽨ĹٻڵĹ٣һͬ㣬ǾǶ죬˵ôôڵʱºһ֧֧ŹҲеܵģ
ӷ磬ҿ»˰ɡǼһĽྩегЩСϰǵﲻģ
˵ɳӷȴһ㰲ģҶŵģҲòٴδԼϵܡŰ಻ӷôͷôı仯ǰͦѽͷԣһҸɽԲˣȻˡǽ죬֪Էĺ̨ӲȴŸɣûһֶλ߰յĻţӷԲ˵ġ
ѵ˵Դӳӷྩ֮ʶЩˣǱԼĻҪǿǿгԲ
֮ǰĺһڵİ裬һҲͽķ
ʱĺⲻǶ׳棬ӷҲͬġ
˵λҵĿ޵ģʮ֮ڸɵ򣬾ͱҲˡ
㣬ʲôСӣҿɾ㣬òҪҴˡ
ɣҲǳģ˵Ҫţ˵Ҫ㸶ʮĴ۾ͲǾű
ӷ磬ʶȤһ㣬ҶǼҳһ£Ǵˣ͵Žɡ
ӷ籾ǲھͶֵģɲ֪ΪʲôһŮ˵
㲻˵õ㣬Ȼ㿪ˣҾʲôɡ
㣬
ӷ缸ǰһֻֿס׳ļҲ飬ǲܳӷʶжǿ󣬻Ҫ̵ġ
̫ˣ˵ӷ̫ˡ
ֻڡһҽУӷֱӽ׳һֻ첲ˣǹͷˣǸָϾͨˣǸˣǵѪȵĳ棬ӷҪɣҲᵱѽ
棬ôˣ
ҵ֣ҵֶˡ
ӷ磬㣬㻹º֣㣬㡭
Ŵ˿̴򿪣ͼһ˴źü˽
С棬ôˣ
˸һţûȥģԼֵܵڵϣһǳʹӣǰ׳
㣬ңҵֶˣ
С棬ŵ㣬ȥҽԺ
㣬ȽСץҪȫ
˴ŭ˭ôӣȻҶҵֵܣĲͷˡ
쿴ƱȽ£Ӧͬ־ͬ־ͦģһӷˣһǰ˵Сӣһ˰ɡ
˵ҴģҪץץҡ
㻹ͦҪߣ˾齻̹״ӿܴϣǵߡ
ӷЦ̹״ӿҪεܴϣؼҹ꣬ԣѡ񿹾ܣҪܣңһû򹻡
ѽǰѵֲɣ
ôЩ죬˲ô
ôĿҵ뿴˭ҵĻСţǰ˵˵ȴ󻰡
͵תŭǼСӸҡ
˻δ꣬˫Ѿ˳ӷ磬˵СӸץʲôͷϸͽȥڼ˭ʮġ
ɵ˼ӷ֮ɫͻȻһ䣬˫۵Եľţ촽΢΢˶ȻͷҪ˵ȴôҲ˵
ͣͿζʲôǳӷ˵ԬТλгһ̨ûķ˵ͦйٷ˵ļԬˣղ˵ʲôţû˵ѽǲȰѻ˵ģ
пѽôɰɣôλ̫үԼֵ˭ȥ˭ȥǣôƫƫ˼ҳӸˣ

ҳģҵĻû𣿸ҰѸղŵĻ˵ꡣ
ӣ⣬һᣬᡣ
᣿˭ˡϸҽԬТʮӵʱ䣬ʮ֮ڲгҲˡ
һ̣Ծ׳ԼıţѾϵʹ˵ǰǸŮˣһҲҶ
ʮӲִ˿ģ׳еǸгǰʱոմйֳᵽྩгԬТ
ԬТӵӵĵ绰ֱӳ⣬ѾҲ̫˰ɣҲ룬Ϲĺ̨˭Ϲ֮нΪ˭ɵãֱӽϹĺ̨ˣȥ¥¥Ҳѽ
ԬТȶԼʹһɫǳʶȤж죬ԷҪ˽ˣҲܳӷʲôˣȻһ仰Խг˹ԼЩСﲻģڻ֪ѵȵùѽ
ӣ⣬ôһѽ
ԬТʵҲ֪Ӳ֪ԼСӽ˵ӸĻǳӷӡ
ԬгٶȹʮѽһСӣ
ӣ治֪ʲô£ǲ׳쵰ϽǸ
ûңֻ˱˵Ӷѡ
ʲô£ӣģһһ
ӷ˵ѣҴ硣

ԬТǽĳ嶯ӷĴ磿Ȳܳӷðһ磬͵ƾӣ̫үĴ磬̫үӸˣ¿ɴඣ
׳棬ҹ
ԬТص
׳֪ԼλгôˣôһС³Ҫ
⣬Сӡ
쵰гӡ
ʲôӣ
ž
ԬֱһֵܵϣҲܲˣŭĶҽúȥҸŮ˽飬ǲƫƫڻ˵ӣ㣬Ҳ̫ˡ
֤ӷݣͨˣԼĴ𣿾Բᡣ
㣬ңҡ
Լӽɣôˣ
ӷ˵ʲôѽǸŮ˶Ѿˡѡ񣬵һԹŮԶʧڶʧԼѡһɡ
ӣ⣬⡭
ִ֪ˣ벻ӷ¶Ȼ˴гڣҲֻˡ
Ƿһֻ׳ĺӣ;Ⱦȳӣӷһ·ɣ
Ȼģô˵ǷһܲܿŰɣҲܲ˳ӷôһ¶ʲôӵģ˵ӷ磬ҿ¾ô˰ɣҲѾֵˣ
ӷ˵ȻҴΪ飬Ҳûʲô˵ġ⣬ġȻҲ֪޹ģȻĺӲ
˶٣ӷԬТ˵ԬгͰ뿪ྩɣԺټǣҲԶҪҴǰˡļҲҲ̫ɾԼŰɡ
ǣӣһķԸ졣


268 
׳СӷһȤûУ˻ԼĽţ֮ȥһм飬Ϊģֻͨ£ؽģϾôõĴڸ鷽滹ҵ涼޳ɣһõԼǸ֮˵ĻǾӷźһУĴӰҲǺվġ
ɣͨ£֪Ϊⷽ棬õģȻȥǰԵ飬Ҳ˵Ժ·û˿ɻȥ
ӷ磬ʵǶлˣûĻ룬½һ֮ȥӰ
߳¥ҹеѩڲͣƮ䣬ص˿ǽеһʯƵġ
磬֮ĹϵѵҪ˵лҪȥƽСµĻԺҸ֮ôȥлأ
ʲô֮ӷȻԺȴԺһִģǵʮ꣬ڣԺˣӷҵԼĸԺŮ鷳ӷܲܣǲκδۣҪܵס
ӷ磬һ֮ˣ㣬ȫҶǣǲܸң㣬ʲôݣҵ˼˵˹¶ԺĹ¶ӷ֮⣬ǲǻһݣྩегΪʲôô㡣֮ǰλŵĺӦҲɣӦòѰɣ
ӷЦǰǸڻˣֻҪһ㻳ɵ飬ͻɰʵףҲͷˣ
ǲӦûشҵˣ
ҲûʲôǸԬгңӦ˵ĸװɡ
ĸףӷ磬ѵѾҵĸ𣿡
ǵġ磬£ǰع¶ԺʱҲѾԺǣZеʱ˵С⣬ȥˣû뵽ྩҲʡˡ
룿һ£ӷ磬ܲһ˵ĸ׵ʲôˣʲôģ
ĸӦǸٵİɣһгߣǸԬгŲҵҵġ
ûֱ˵Լĸ׵˭ҲΪ˲̫ࡣ
ǿҪϲˣҸ׾Ӫ¶Ժô꣬һֱЩҵԵĸĸһֱʧû뵽˼ҹ֮ΪĵĺӣȻҵĸĻҲðϢˣ
ӷЦ⻹һ£ڴ߾Ҫˣǰع¶ԺʱҲѾԺǣȻྩˣҲһĽôˡ磬绰дʽлɣǰྩҵĶơȻԸĻҿྩż׷ӣԺһ˾סһɡ
ʲôӷ磬˵Ҫˣ
ǽ飬ֻȶ飬ҲүүŵģҺѽϾڻѧֻС黹ء
֣ϿӷڳˣҪˣûйѽ
һ˺ãԺǲ˵ģ˵磬ԺҲҪŬѽȥϰɡ
ģһŬģҲ˿ˡ
һˣǺһΪʲôһڴӦԼˣҲϵЩ¡
磬үүྩҰһ׷ӣڸסһҲ̫ᣬ׷Ӿ͸סɡ
ôУүү㰲ŵģôס
ʲôеģƱүү֪Ҿһ׷Ӹ㣬ǻ̫Сء֮磬ֵܣԺ¾ҵ£Զһˡ
ǺðɣȻһˣҾͲˣԺ׬ǮҲԼྩһ׷ӡӷ磬ɲٰҴͨʲôϵˣ뿿Լʵ뿪վסš
ǵȻġ
ӷЦЦҪʲôŵĻҲҪô鷳ֱӸԼŵĻϰͿˣ͵õ˸룬Զóˣ
ʱĺܿ죬תѾµˣԴӳӷ簲֮󣬶̶̼ıҲżǳ⣬ͣڳӷǰ佱Ǹţдľ籾֮ӱףÿһڶŵʮֵλÿһڷչԵסڵθڣǰ׾籾һȥŶĿǰĵǲӰ֮¡
żĻӷǰʦţܲߵйȫޣȫӰӱϯǻҪԼŬ
ϣپ˵绰ӷ磬߳ӷǱ߶Ѿ׼ˣҲѾһţʳӷô졣
ΣǶͷһɵĵ̣ҲǻһͳĵһҸ޾ǻķʵǿģӷռ˻һĵ̣Ҳܴ⣬Ҫס
ڷԸپסǱߵǽŵҲͬʱӷ绹پʣµַΪһԼͬһʱţȴܸԼͬһ·ɢƹüʡнšڵڶ˵ǵԼźྩɢȴֱӽţҪȫ֮⣬Լ޾￪սǰغϡ
ȻྩиʡûˣǰŵĶԱֻѣӷҲòС͵ɱԼսţϳȴ˸ˡ⣬ӷ绹ʯͷپǰʱʱһ֮λϾʯͷǸپģȽϤ
ιӷ磬㵽ʲôطѽУǶѾˣһֱϵϣС̽㣬ϵ֮ȥŴѧǡ
ӦྩѧĶУǰŵģɳӷȴڽһ°ʱˣֻһʮţȫФģһص绰ФǼóӷĶĤơ
ʲôѽ˵һŽ𣬽Ŷʮ˺أʱ䡣
ѵͲ׼һǻҪȥŴѧ˽һǵأ֪֪˲ܰսʤ𡣡
ˣԸһƲô鷳
ˣ˰ɡʲôطϵķɻء
ôȫ
㵣ʲôѽѩѾȥˣԤ˵ġ
ӷ˵ҿΪİȫɻҲˡ˵ˣڵԤ涼ŵĻĸҲˣ
ðɣһ׼ʱġ˵û㣬ʱٳʲô£ɻ½ûϵɱҡ
ФԼʰҲϻֱӽ绰Ҷϡ
СѽҪץסᡣȻӳ߶飬Ҳǽѽ㻹ϣġ
裬ںЩʲôѽСѽ˵ӷĻ¿ǳүԶģ˭Ҳı䲻ˣ
ֻΪѾͷֻҪܼңǾ͵ӵ˳Ϊ̨ʱФҸҿɾͷˣ
ĸ˵ҸϷɻأˣ
С·ϿСĵ㣬ʺá
Фں̾ҡͷһοԣҿѽǲײĲᡣ
˵ʲôأڸǰɲһˣǰǲ֪ӵݣ֪ѵץסѽ˵ˣǼСǵһʶӵģʱӶûָ̫үأ
ѽΰɣѵûһƺԸСͨӣҲҡԼȻӴϣ
Ṇ̀һĸ˵ԼǴ齫أ
棬ɱ۳ӵ£ֽྩٳϵһɻ䡣
֪ˣ⻹ҿɱ㾫ˣ


269 ҩζʮ
ţȫʥأҲغУ̨һС
ŵĹкܶ࣬ҲˣŴѧֱ֮Ϊ羰ѧɽԺѧû¾ϲں̸˶ϲŴѧѧЦ˵ѧѧҵʱֻһ֤Ŵѧһֵѧڱҵʱȴ֤һǱҵ֤һǽ֤
ѵ٣ŴѧĴ󲿷ѧûлؼңΪ֮ڣŴѧᷢһ£һϵŴѧʦĴ£Ǿྩѧѧᡣ
ϴŴѧྩѧɵҰ֮£Ŵѧ˶ûȥƣΪƲƽ˵ྩѧԶ٣׵ɣŻһСģȻЩ£Ȼ˹ŴѧʦǶྩѧĲͬʱྩѧĳӷ磬ҲͳΪŴѧĹУڼǰŴѧһ󲿷ֵѾ֯һ֧ԼôĶ飬˵ǵȳӷˣһҪŴѧųȥóӷ֪ԼŴѧɲǺǵġ
ΪУྩѧĴѾţŴѧôˬྩѧ߾ǿͣʱԼŴѧĴྩȥУҲû̫ѽŴѧ쵼ȻҲҪó
ŴѧĻڣ֮ǰŴѧǸǮѾԼŴѧУУһྩѧļλ쵼г˶У֮⣬ֻˣһƷƣһȻ
λǧСڶУߣ˫ȴĶŶƣ񣬺޲ýƸʬƵġ
УǾˣǽǰô󣬿ôѽ
ŴѧУǿЦУҲں˵УҵͲ࣬Ȼұ缸½棬ԱҸ߳ܶ࣬㣬һҪúȡȡѽ
Уǫˣ˵ԵҶѾʮ׼סľƵУɣ
У̫ˣƵ鱾ӦԼģһţô˼ѽ
У˵ҶͬУʲô˼ġ
У͵ȷУ࣬ȥȴûжУôϣһɫװ˿˫ѾྩѧԣһʦһѧǣԼˣȴС
УֱྩѧǿǸΪʲôûǷʵУ˵ྩѧɳһʦѧλʦеĴѧеһɣ
УµûΪһ°ɡλƷʦҲྩѧʦΪɫһλλͬѧྩѧϵѧҲྩѧĵš
УЦʦĴţͬѧĴɲʦ֮ѽྩѧκüУǰλ֮ڵģŴѧЩѧһ÷ˡ
ԱߵǮ˵УͬѧĸϼŵĴˣҲǻҵЭĻ᳤
һǮ⻰УҲеԾ˵ϰǧû뵽ѽô̫ˣȻϰǧ
һ˵Ǹô˼Ǯ֪нĻһϰһǮҲǡ
УЦһ£ɲȥϼŵǧС㣬Ҳû˵ʲôˡ
ڷǮʵУһ£ྩѧѧΪʲôڻû
У̾˿˵ҲλʵӷͬѧѧУı̫ãྩѧ̿ѧΪصһԳ֮Ϊ̿εĴԴˣԴӵྩѧ֮ҶѧУʱ䡣һΣֲ֪Ұȥˣǳ֮ǰҲϵ֮£ֻһѧˡУģղǵǸѧѾ˵绰˵ӷͬѧѾڷɻˣŽͻᵽŵġ
У˵ⷬ˵ӷͲǸѧ鲻ùӿξķݣʵϣУڸŴѧˣྩѧһӿεѧܽλùƴ仨ˮƾʲôྩѧ
ǮεɫеѿϴྩѧʱҲ˽˳ӷУûк˵ྩѧһѧһ£ʶӷ磬˵ҪҳӷĻྩѧѧһ˵ѽ鷳㵽ȥǸʮоģ
ʱ˵ֻҪӷˣһ㶼ûϵ
̽ӻΪʲôѵ㲻ɣΪӷңǾ޾
˻һ˶һûĵ˵޾ȻڳÿһﶼУƷҲ֪ģȴû˻˵֪Ϳˡ
ɾֱӸƣûʲô˲ģһ޾ҲûʲôµģŸ̶Ѩӷ磬˵˵߾ߣ
С㣬ҿеᣬʵҲǸ˼ңҵļҲģҲѣЩڵ飬ҴӲմߡ
ߣĻɾҪСĵˡ
ƲģΪԼ˳ۣϼѹԼң˵С㣬ǴѧǣҼ֮ϣǿ²̫ðɡ˵ˣ㸸ǻҵЭĻ᳤ҲҪҸ׼ֱġ
˭˵ˣССҵģɲҸȡֻǣ뺯еֵ̫ģе㻳ɣ̫ɣ̫֪ߵغ񣬷뺯Ǹûʲô𡣡
˵ÿһ㡣
˼֪ʲôпҪλڵ״Ԫү̽ң
㡭
ƣˣ˼ǿͲһʲôģѧʱ֤Լɡ
Уӷ绹ûȣƸ֮ѾǻҩζʮˣɱʱЦ˵ԼŴѧ۸һŮѧѽ
У˵֮ǰǴӦҲҲŴģɱ鷳ѽ
ߣ˲ңҲˡ
վֵģҳӷȥϹʰǡУλУȰ㻹Ǳ𵥿һƣŴѧѧȫۼɣΪһƣӷġ
ŴѧŭԣУƷȴԱ͵ЦӣνλСŮ֮ѽٴսδ𣬾ȽŴѧ˸ƨҷһ


270 ·׷ɱ
СԵĶɱ˷ˣ㲻ԵĻҳԡ
Фе㲻˼Ŀ˿Χĳ˿ͣȻһߵĳӷ磬˵Ͳٳһ𡣡
Ҳᱻѽϧѽ
ФʵںΣһ֪ǵһɻɻϵĶѳ˭֪㵹ãԵĽζ
ڵѽϲˣͷΪ˸ŮҪȥģ𳵶ѽ
һЦЦӷǸУ
ӷ粻Ϊǵյ˭меأ
ǸɵСӡ˵ǣﻹһݣҪҪҲѽ
ˣԲµĻҽ·ɻ
ӷ߳Ų͵Ц
ӷ磬Ͳܲ𣬶ôǮˣҲ֪ߵһ㣡
ߵãᱻ˴ٵġ
ФЦ˭໰Ҳ棬˭ҴѽյʮҲѽ
ɻܿ·ӷ߳󣬾ͼһɫվͦڻ⣬ڳϵŮӷ˳ˣ֣ӷФҲûκλرܵ˳
֮ǰӷе˿̸պüһĻһ˫۾Ҫˣ˵ѾģǧܳԭǸǮˣѾװơ
С㣬鷳ǣܳѽ
ϣӷ߿еķ羰˵
ٸһסҿɸ㣬ĽһҪ˵仨ˮǻ쵰̫ǸˣղѾУǰһ١
֪ôˣһ֪ôƵģ
ô˵ǸмǮи޾קĸƵġ
㻹˵Ǿ޾£
Ϊʲô˵
λСѽôͲ֪͵һأá
ˣپʲôʱţʵ
˵С㣬㵱ʲôģû´ǹѽ
ٸһף⼸ǬǸջƵСӿɶסҼҵġ
˰죬Ǭƴţûʧѽԭȫ㵽ɽȥˣѹ־Ǳ߼λүҲˣ˭Ҳ벻ǻסȥǿǴҴҵģסֵطǶ𣿽༸죬ǵĲ֮ؾͱ¶ˡ
ҲǬǵĴ֮νΣյĵطȫģƾǱߵļλүô飬Ҳ鲻ҵͷȥѽ
ڣ֮پǲǵţǻƴţѾû͹ܺã֪⻪ڵûƽŵľ޾һϰӷţԲǵμһѧô򵥣û´Ļѧ֮źڵ˵ǸڵҪ
һﻹЩʲô
˵ȫҸ׳ˡ˵ӷ磬ǰװˣҵʱһҪҴϣҪݺݵǻ쵰ϲţȻĻţ
Ф˵ˡӷ磬ɲѽҪԸңҲǻྩ֮´˳ྩѧѧڵǶྩѧġߣĸ֪£ǸҲҪɢˣ
ҿɾôҵô֪ͿˣǧѧСȥ
ӷ粻òģԼǽѲѽôʶ˾ûܱܵأФ˵û鱻ԽԼˣԼֱӸɢĵʱԽһԼҪ϶ǰ·ˣЦǣǱͷϴĸ׸ģ
ֲλδޣĹЩء
˵ɣྩǱæŶ飬Ҳûʱȥܱģ򣬳ӷһģ˺ڵɶںڵսˣϴϺһõӡ
ˣӷ磬Ҵ˵߾ҪˣǸŮ˻үүյģʲôʱѽ
ҿ˰ɣԸµʱô棬̲סһɱ㡣
ôŮ𣿲ҲŶүүյϱһʲôͨĻɫ
ա
ʲô
˵ա
ѽ
ֱǰ塣
ǰء
һȥ
ӷ磬ʲôҪ̫ΣˣɻǸأ
𳳣ٳСС
ιӷ磬ֵǮҲѽ
ٷϻ
ӷǳĸһλá
·ĳ֮࣬ʱûɳӷȴھһ·ڵʱ˸ƯƮƣʹФȫ
ļһô֪ҵˣ
ৣৣৡ
ƿյĵڳӷĶ𣬳ӷһżɲͷ
Ф䲻֪ʲô£Ҳʶİճӷ˵ͷ
ֻ߷ڣҲơķڴӳ
ӷȻתͷվ·֮ϣǵĳ֣Χͨȴûһעġ
ৡ
ӰһֱӴ·֮ʧˡǻƽʱӷѾӭȥһڣϾŮߣӷɲðգӲФܵ˺
ˡ
һţĵλӵһ±䵽˸ߣһԼٶȳǰȥ
ء
һϣȺǰĳͣŽͨ졣
ЩǲҪˣʱ׷ʲô׷ѽ
ӷ磬׳ʲô£Фʵ
Ҹôɱ׷ɱңô𣿡
ɱ֣ɡ
ʲôģԼתͷ档
Ф̧ͷΧĴϿ˼ۣΣⶼʲôѽȻһĴϷɵģ
̫ˡӷ磬㿪һ㣬ȻǾ׷ˣ
ôԼɱ
ҲŶһ￴ǵӰߣ׷˻ᵹùģ
ʲôߣǸߣձɱ֣˳˴ǮɱҵģⶼѾǵˣ
ӷ磬Сǰи̹·
֨
ѽӷ磬ʲôұѽұ߿׷ˣ
СģǰһСѧ·
ߣ߿׷ˣ

˵ôܲܰһ㡣УҪҸطôȥ⻹ûûˣ
ӷ磬Ҵ˵Ҫ취ɱְɡ
㿪𣿿ɱûɱֵóѣˣ
ɡФ˵ҿǹ֣
Сʲôʱˣ
ˣֻû߹ѡ
Ǻãôһ𿪳һ۲·ɱܴ˵طƨ


271 
ФĳȻ˵ãʱڿʱͬ㣬Ҳ֪ĸһܳ׷ɱɱָ˦Զ
ѧ㣬û뵽ļôѽʲôʱпս֡
˸ʻңӷѾλȥˡ
Ժ˵ɣˣһܼ٣
ιС㿪ô죬ôһѽ
ӷΣֻǽɱ˦ĻǺαظô鷳ФĳãӷҲѽԽɱָ˦Զڣӷ뽫ɱָƻԼŵĿġ
ӷ磬ڻҪϵŴѧȥأҪĻ뿪棬ڿûôʱ㡣
ôУ
ѧ㣬Сǰ档
֨
Фһżɲͣ·ߣôһ㣬Ҫˡ
ɣ˺У
ǰһӷǳ˹ûиӷƵģΪվһߣǺҲ֪ʲô˻ĵ粣ϣʹĻ˾һĻϵķֱӾͳӷ߳
顣
һƳʮףڳٲǺܿ죬һֱӽӷǵСġ
¡
һµĻ˹ȥĻ䲿λʹĻһ޴ıը·ߵĺܶȫȼ
ô뿪Ӧһ
ӷӳ˫Χɨһ£֣ɱ֣ɲѽҪüҲûΪɢɱǳصĻӷҲ޷ǵĴڡ
ӣЩһ˵ģҲ֪ԼţԼǼõǻѽԼŵ£Ƕ鵽ˣɱֻԼһţ׼һɱӭԼ
·ǰЩΪըĹϵȫֹͣ˿̣ӷѾ˺üľıըѾЩͨ죬ǲʮӾͻᵽֳġ
˵ĺϷһûأɡ
У̫Σˣʲôˣҿû취罻
ӷ˫һתѾ˳Լ߷ɱ֣Ǻɱ֣վӷ粻Զһϵȴˡ
Сϴ뿪ҲŴѧȥΪҲܱ֤ɱֻ᲻ô֡
ӷ磬ȥʲôط
绰پ֪ô
ǺðɣԼҪСһ㡣
İɣһЩСѣ˲ҡ
ФһԸתܣٴȥ治ᷢʲô顣Ҳĳӷ磬ǲ֪ӷʵжǿɼȻôͷЩɱ֣ɼЩɱӦûκβ˳ӷ硣
ôЩȰļһҲѵһɣȻˣǾ͸֮ǰǼһȥˡ
ӷһָ߾٣ȳվϵĺ˹ȥ

һɫĻγһ䵶ֱ˺ߡ
ǺȴվԭһҲųӷһ˱仯ΪˮһһֺɫˮӷĻ浶ˮʱȻˮϨˡ
ˮǶˮѽÿһɱֶˮ͵ġڻôձеȤˡ
ǰɱֶû˵βһǺɱڱ仯Ϊԭκ˵ôйһŻ˵ֻǮƣ֣ɡ
Ȼ˵һĺòΪɱصѧİɣĻǹô֮ˣǲҪӵǮѽ
⣬û֪ˡ
һˮӷ磬ӷԻԣˮ໥֮仹˵ģʹ˫ĵ֮ʧˡ
ƾôɱҵģǽļһȫгɡ
߼ӷһʵѹԼˮ֮ǰйȫʧˣӣαҪһлˡ
ߵһ٣Ҳ֪ôһ֮Ķֱա
ʮֵĹ򣬳ӷȻоʮϢԼٶȳԼƶңɱ֣ÿһ֮ǰεɱ֮ϡ
ʮɱַɢ˳ӷΧĲͬλãӷһתЦλǰҪöˡ
ӷ磬ǲΪ֮ǰɱǵ˴ԶܵйģǶˮֻΪǮֻҪ˳ǮǾɱˡ
ȻˣǲҸôʮĹӶôҽôɱ֮˸ɵɣ
˼ǰôйһŻеȻһǮͲᷴ˵Ǯˡ
Ŷ𡣿ôЩСӻװװѽҲԼȵ궼йɹЩʲôڻܵй㲻ΪԼҲôЩһΪͬ𡣡
ӷ磬Ƕˮ²ĿݣȫǻԴԴϵǰɱġ
ȷǸͷʹѽӣŵ鴦֮ҲʱԼҵЩӲݸһˡᣬǣɼȻǲϧҲͱԼˣ
ھ쵽֮ǰôµ
ӷ絥һӣǰһһ֧ȳС
ôɱ֣ȫߣҪսĻ̫ʱ䣬ȻˣǾһԶ̹ɡ
׾׵֮ȣɡ


272 ɰɱ
ʱӷġ׾ûڶ㣬Եһ׵ҲԽЩɱָˡ
һƬƿٵڳӷϷۼ׵ŷȺµĸ߾٣ӷʹΧʮɱȫ񾪱䣬ȹַǿɴûңۼڳӷϷƣ·һаϢҪ֮ظɵƵģ
ʲô
ȥ˵Ѿйĺˣһ
ɸͲʮɱ˿ķӷеķȳһת飬飬飬һ׵ȳ˹ȥ
ⲻܡ
˼µȥɣ
˸¡
顭
׵߸˷飬֫壬ҲѾ׵վ
ͬ³ɱţǱϾɱ֣Դ·ûԼܻãѾ֮ĵǣҲܲôˣȫߵ˳˫ֽߵɱҪһӵϽӷأӷ׵Ļᡣ
ɳӷɵЩһɱǰˣԼûȸǿĸ߷ƾΪĻӦǣԣӷҪǻδԼ֮ǰȫ
΢΢һأӷѾ˷˰֮Уеķû˿飬ٽ׵磬ڶĸɱ˹
ۿһɱֱ׵Ĵʧͷʣһ㣬ӷȻ⣬̸Լ׹治Ǹǳѽ
ҿʱҲˣھӦÿ쵽ˣţɲ͸ŵľ򽻵ԣôЩˣȫȥɡ
顭
׵һɱϣʵģɱҲͬµˣ
ǵӷҲеɱԼˣձˮֻǮư£ӷûҪԶɱձȥңձڵҲڵĳӷ綯˵ģֻҪˮ˸ˣԼҲƽࡣ
ӷɱģɱ֮ģⲢǳӷ̫ݶǶԷϷŹӷ磬֮£ӷҲֻܻɫˣ
ϾҲճģҾôϼɡ
£ˣ
ͻȻһŮ˵ڳӷ
ӷȻתʱӷԲҴ⣬ΪȻԷصڶԼ֣ɼʵѽ
һóӷ⣡ԭ˵Ϊɱ֣ҪɱΪĿģȥںκεֶΣֻҪɱĿ꣬Ǿһɹɱ֡ŮΪʲôг͵ϮأҪԼ֪ĴڣǾԼǿĲһˣǸûӷ
ͻȻֵŮˣȻҲձˣҲһɱ֣ղЩɱֲһǣûд߷ûվ˳ӷڳӷתһ̣Ǹɱѽ
Ĳߣһңƫݣۣһͷߵ䣬òȻФ֮ϣ۾Ǳӣ͸䣬һλҾĵ̳ģôһŮȻɱ֡ΪرǣŮ˵Ҷͷϣһձӣ
ҿҲʮû뵽ʵȴ˾ˣңҲûĴڣȸղЩһȷҪǿˡ
ӷû뿪֣ΪӷҪŮ˵ʵ֮⣬᲻ϺֵǸɱһ
ȻŮ˵ɢһֳӷϢϢһĳԱ
ǲǾ֣ΪɱֵңΪʲôղŲ㱳֣
Ŷʲô㶼֪ӣʵĺÿ֮⣬ͷҲѽ
Щйϲ컬࣬ǰһסҲ¸㣬ҵһγִǰҾ˵йߵĲٴ˵˵ЩĴرʿΪǿģ죬Ҽʶһ£йߣǿһôĵزɡ
䣬Ů˵Χɢһĺڹ⣬ЩڹȫۼĵϣˮĲţûһֺڹγɵˮ
ûĻӦǸ߼ɣ
еʶǽҲҿʵɣ˵ʵǽ
ӷڶֱĸоˣ˵ձС椣㵽ǲɱѽôɱֵһض֪͵ϮҲˣڻҪԼӲƴ治֪˵ɵĿɰأԼ˵һճɽĻëѾͷ׵նǻԿģڣҪԿˣ
ι˵ѾͷһͬûѽҪҪȹȥһƣ
ӷһ仰û뵽Ů˻桰Ŷһתӷָĵطȥ
ҶЩʲôˣ˶֪Ҿۣ㲻ǴСүү߳ĳӷ磬ŵģǳҵѪٴżթֻƽʱûʲôóӷֳѣڣպýᣬӷǵСթɡ
ৡ
Ů˸һתһ̣ӷӰһֱӳŮ˵һָŮ˵Ѩ
㡭͵Ϯң
˵ѾͷҪɱҵģѵһɵվɱɣ˵ˣҲ̫ϲЩɱɱ飬Ȼиõķ㣬ֺαطء
쵰Ǹ̫ǣ
ӷ۵һЦ˳Ѿͷ治һĿɰѽֳֳֵһɱ˵ģ˭ҲǸɱֵģ
̫Ҳģû뵽ձѾͷҲϲйĶƬѽðɣͿϣҲɱ㣬Ҳܷѽ
㣬ʲôҿɾ㣬Ҫɱңһɱġ
ĻˣһҲ࡭ã쵽ˣίһ£װװɡ
ӷһƽŮ˸˹ȥ̧
ӷﶼڰ̾ڵ˭ɱѽ˭ɱ˭ģ


273 ӤҰ
پӷͬһʱ䣬ȴͬŵģΪҲҪЩСһ˷ɢڵź󣬾ֱסһұȽͨľƵ꣬һסͽӵФĵ绰˵ǳӷ¡
پҵФپ飬ФҲѾ֪ǰͬྩѧҲͲÿʲôˡ
Ф򵥵佫پپҪȥҳӷʱȴӵ˳ӷĵ绰پʲôط
ԼСʱ֮󣬳ӷ米һФڵľƵ꣬Ҳ֪ıܹ˾ƵķԱֱ˾Ƶ̨
ФӷûҲͷˣڣӷôͱһܻˣװģòЩɱֵʬɣСе
ҿФе㺦£ĵȴȽϴߵǰ˼ţ˵Ǹѽ
ӷ磬ʲôЩɱָɵ˰ɣǵʬ˹
Фվ˳ӷǰȥˣ֪һ򿪻᲻һѪܵĳ档
İɣⲻʬ壬һĴء
˵꣬ӷ罫˿پһװŵľȻһŮʹܲˬӷ磬ô˵ǿҪˣڻЩ£ǲе̫֣
뵽ȥˣǸղЩɱеһΪһЩģҸŮ˻𣡡
ɱ֣ͱ˵ЦˣСѾͷô̫ɱѽ
پ˵ձˮɱ֣
⻹óӷеԾپ˼µʱ䣬û뵽ʶҲųˣȻ֪ձˮɱ֣
پôģô֪ձˮ
ҲЦǰʱպÿһձߵĵӰԾͿʼռձߵϣ˽һǵ״ʲôҲ֪ձˮ֯顣Ů˶ͷϵӣ־ձˮÿб־
پǰλӷ粢ʲôóԾģϾձڵϣҲǴźܶߵģŶպ׳ҲձɽӴ˽ձߵ飬ûлپһ仰óӷ⣬ʵپ˵ŮǶˮ
ǵģ֪ձˮεӦǸͷȴΪأձǱû֪ݣ͸һŮˣӦձˮŻǸӣ־ġ
û뵽ѽձˮΪɱԼ׬ǮοıǮǵ˶ɳˡҲձˮһԸղŮ˲Ż˵ǵһγִ
ãû뵽ץһСѾͷȻǶˮѾͷҿǶˮҲ鷳
ûôѽ
ô˵
Ϊձˮһײϵ֯ǾǮɱ˵ģ¶ܣǵĿ֯ĳһԱˣɱ֮ԣץǵҪǵвǲ̫ܵģ
ҲԣȻձΪǿɱ֮֯һǾͲΪһ˵ĹϵƻǵĹءɱֱײϵĴڣֻΪɱ˶ôΪ֯һ˶вأԼĻǻܻɱŮˣɱԼ
ûãܻǸ󻼣硭
پûн˵꣬Ϊ֪ԼλãӷԼȨŻȥ飬ûȨ£ɲҸ
ȻӷȻپʲôɱŮˣԳ󻼣Ů˸ˣպ̳ձˮʵǿˣǽǳӷһвǸʱˮҪɱӷ磬ɾͲΪǮôˡ
ӷһ£ɱǲɱѾɱˣȷһδ֪ĺ󻼣ţ㲻ΪԼãҲܻôء
뵽⣬ӷһָŮϵѨ˿پսһǳСĵվ˳ӷǰ
پõģѾѨûÿΪһʹĻҪܣ
Ů˽˹ԭ־еģڼӷ֮Ҳ֪ľ͵Ĵӵվ˫Ȼе㷢ŭ쵰̫ǣȻҰң
òϣձѾͷĺ˵ı֮ǰǸ߻ҪӷиǸձˣҲپԾФʲô̫֮ĻҲЦŮԽԽɣ᲻ǳӷˣѾͷǸɱѽСѧһ㣡
ȰòҪҶʲôͷʹȵģɱû㡣
㡭
Ů˸˵һ֣;ԼڶµĻţһԼڲϵ׳ƵģԼ޷ڵǹƳ
㣬ʲô
ҲûʲôֻҶصĹѨѣ㲻ڵʲô¶ûУһûѨ֮ǰڵǹȫѨȫľȴҪʮ֮Ż
ʵйģֶķѨַȻǡĽ
ɣʵڱȻ̫ǻҪɣ
СѾͷѵ뿪ˮ֮ǰôλû㣬նΪɱ֣Ӧñնü㲻ն񣬷棬ɱ֣ǰλѽ
㣬㵽ô
Ӧʰɡôˮ鷳ڻôӦôŶԣ
Ǯɱˣ鲻ܡ
˵ûа취ôˮٽˣ
ǹԶǮϣɳɱ־Ͳϡ
ǺðɣҲ˵ңʲô֣
ҽʲôҪɱңҪͷҡ
ɱ㣿ҿûȤɱСƨȻŲ㣬ǾҪ䲻ˣ
ŮԽԽʹֻ֮࣬ҽӤҰ
ӤҰҲӤҰӦ֪ձɽһձڵ֮Ϊ񻰵ɣͬһϡ鲻ôɰɣ˵ձڵеǸ񻰸ǰŮйϵĻǻ᲻˵ձˮձڵϵǸ񻰣Ļǳӷο鷳ˣһɲԯƥеţӷϻв
˼ʹൽҲشġ
Ѿͷ֪ô
پȱ
ӷڻ治ڷĺڵŴ±ɽһǣʱȥձɽĻǳӷæΪҪǣλɲԯƥеձڵ񻰡
ӤҰһ˵ӣӷ֪ԼʲôֶζǱƲģȻƲˣҲֻˣ
پȥ䣬ȽλӤҰСպá
پ˵ͷս˵ǣȥ졣


274 ı
پСھƵ￴ӤҰΪӷѨĹϵֽ˫ȸ˫ֵѨλԸͲҪܡΪ˽پǷԸСܣǲҪӤҰ˵ֻҪھƵķͿˡ
ӷ罫Ф֮󣬾پ˺ߣŴѧѧʽʼӷҲôܵŴѧȥŴѧЩѧը
Ϊһ̨壬ҹĺü쵼˶پģɵڣ̨壬Ȼûлع飡
ӷ粻ижЩҲ޹ءֻվԼĸ׵ϣ̨壬Զһֵѽ
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پûиϳӷ磬վԭأóֻһ绰˵׼ãȾһ£лǿ޾
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ҴڣĴһϽĸ׿ϺɫЩѿ
پȻ뿪ྩڽյģ
ǵģǷǳ׼ȷ鱨Բġ֣е㵣ģپΪһսǸսֽղã˵Ӧʱ뿪ѽңһĺҲ뿪˽գ֪ȥǸòʲôıɣ
ϸһ£һ֧̲˵ӣ鲻ѽ
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ΪʲôУȻǶʵǾͬҾ޾ʵ㣬ԲСˡңԴӶ֮Ѿռһ뻪ĵ̣˵Ϊļģһͳڵɵʱﲢûһĵ̸Զһ𻪶ڵսҪҪģɾǾ޾ˡ
ʵոսԪûȫָǹĴȻǲõĵġڣǺҪѽǱͱӣ
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Ŀǰ﷽ֻһپĴûжҹƾţҲܶࡣСȷԸȥעһ£ûʲôİ׳ţеĻҲȲҪǣǵʲô
ͷǺãȥ졣
ٳ֮Ƹպûһһŭ̬֮
ܣ㲻˵ѧУ£⼸첻𣿡
Ŵֵ֮꣬Ĺϵ㲻ҲΪµЩҵƽʹֵ֮ûκεĳͻȻǸĸ֮ˣҲûҵǮϣҽҲаԹԵģ
磬ҵͱˣ˵Ųô̫ƽ㻹ȥɡ
Ϊʲôô͵õϢΪھ޾Ҳһλģʲô·ЩҲһơ
Ȼ֪⼸첻̫ƽҪʹڼңҪʹѧУ𵽴ܡ
֪ˣĻʱȥ顣
ߵƹǰҲûȥԼĸ״кһƣһںȥ
̾ҡͷĳȥˣ˽ԼܵܣһΪЩѧķϴδྩƣһΣӦͬĶ֣ѧ֮飬ȥܡ
˵Сƣ͸߹㣬ѧУڽҵϣСκһˣӲκ˷ġ
֣ҵһྩѧһֵܼĽɫ
ϴ˵Сӣ߿ʱ֣ྩѧʱ򴦴ѹסǸ
һֻһʱѣӷͲıҪǿ˵ˣŮ
壿ҵǸ壿
ţǵġ
Сƣ̵ʱ;̰ɣϾҲ⻪ҵЭĻ᳤ȻԷ̫֣ǾóЩѧĶɫɣҲԲҵġ
˵֪ô֣컹ûȥҽԺɣҪҪȥһˣ
ˣһëѣԼȥͿˣֲǰҪÿγŶһƱ˵ġ
ҲԼ׵壬˿̵ɫ˵Ȼ㲻ӣǾͱƶ㲻ˣţûư첻ɵ¡


275 һа1
죬Ŵѧӭ˺ܶˣ׼ȷ˵ӭ˺ܶˣΪڼǰȫÿһѧȫӵŴѧ뺯ѧԺǰ֤һεѧᣬÿһѧҲεĻᣬɳУ쵼ʦеĽܳǰ
ŴѧУſһѾɽ˺ˣʦȫǽΪģѧҲȫƳɼܷǰ֮ڵģ
ģ˵Ŵѧ˴ƣһˣҪɨඣ
һɫװɽһſϷ̬֮
֮߳ΪĵҲµߣϴŰɫװһһ׵Ĵ䣬ɽ˺֮ԵļΪۡ
ɣ֪һΩ²֮ˣҸɲһǰֻʶһྩѧŴѧУ֮߿ǰ˵ػǶ֮
ģѵڴʲôעһ᲻֪Ϊ廪ѧУ۸һȣһεĸ߿һ״Ԫһȴȫܾ廪һܲ뿴˵ʵͬʱ뽫Ǹ廪ȥ
ɣҲ˵ҵĲˣ廪У㣬ǱУǰʶô꣬໥֮Ҳǳ˽˴ˣ뿴ϷͬʱҲԣǱòĺѧҲ廪õ
ȻǱ˴˱˴ˣǾٷϻɣϾ˼ҵĵطòҪȥкġ
һ廪ѧУһУɶйţѽû뵽λͬʱŴѧңΪѧģɼӷƵĴѾйĽڴˡ
У߳Ŵѧ߽ȥΧٵĽʿǴкҲƤЦⲻЦһʺãսŴѧûͼŴѧУŴѧ쵼ˣྩѧĶУǼͬʱ廪λУӭ˹
УУο뵽λѽһҪѧУΪ
УЦݣУҲǸ廪УУʺá
УУǵϴμʱھǣ㶼Ѿʱ˰ɡ廪ѧУ˵
ѽʱĿ죬Щ˶ඣҹĽҵҪЩˡУ˵
УʵôУУһһôУԳˣôѧѽ
УʵȻྩѧĳӷŴѧƣˣȴûг֣Ҳ˵λУߣֻǸԵʦЩѧûи
У˵Ǻ׼ŴĽأ⼸ҲǷǳùûаиġ
ԭʱѧϰѧʵǲˣôôӦòʧġ
У˵꣬廪ѧУʵУĳӷأ
Уʱ治֪ôشӲܸһ˵ӷԼྩѧ̿εĴʣ˵Уģ廪λУǰУɲ˵Ļ
ƷƼУ֪ôشȴԥҲû˿˼ӷͬѧѧϰȽ⣬һ̶ĳűϲ棬Ѱ֪ʶٽѧ֪ʶڸƷ棬ԣӷͬѧӦŵķ羰
ƷƵĻ˶⣬УɫҲѿ˵ʦѽɲܸǻᱻģ
ƷȴһΪǵӣУʵ飬飬Уأ
Ʒ⻰һУǷ
ǰھǸУʱһȫľۼǸʱ廪ѧУ˵һ仰飬Ƕѧ̫ĳϢֻЩѧõѧǿ֮š
û뵽ôһС£Ʒƻ֪ʱɻѧûнྩѧʦأ
û´ĻλʦһǧƷʦˣУȻµĵƷƵݣϽѽ
Ҹ˵УУȴһֱԵζУٰѧᣬлλǰѽ
У˵ʦˣ˵֮ҲԨԴģͷӲǸǺѣĸףǵ쵼ء
˶٣УʵˣУ֪εѧᣬŴѧûФǰ֤ѽ
УʵصˣǳΪӭλУĴݣͬʱҲλУһӭӼФ
ŶФУʵ
ȻڰСʱǰѾŻʱ䣬Ҳ쵽ˡ
ҲõˣФѾſˡ
ֻһ쳵ͣŴѧſڣҲУȥ˵ġ
ҽĵһ֣Ҳ˵йĵһ֣Фͬ־ӳһʹУſڵУ쵼ʦǸԵѧǰʺá
ФһЦ⣬ЩľӢӴкô˵һҵĽҲҪЩ˵ģԼҲǴʦĳѧУһλӵģȻЩߵ࣬ѧǵࡣ
쵼ӭǻӭѽ
УͷӭǰΧЩ˼ˣȻҲɢ˿
ФЦѽһϣôڽеҺƵġФͿˣֲǿᡣ
Ф겻ôƽ׽ѽУǰʺ
УҶû˵أҲ̫˼ˣϴεĽҲңѵˣλӣҵҲ𡣡
ԭФǰྩѧУѹ֣ûнФŵ廪ȥˣྩѧŵĹأ
ФɲҪ֣ΪϴεĽʵûʲô׼ٰҲִ̫˵㣬Ŵѧܵѽ
Уɲ˵ɲҪУˡȻǴྩѧ߳ȥģεѧҿɲƫ˽Ŷ
ǵȻФΪ˹֤˭֪Ȼƫ˽ˡУǳģȻҲФѧߵļ֤ˣҲ˵ǲй١
Ф˿̿ƷƣʵƷƣ˵СҲôһˣأ
Ф壬СӷһҶ֪ܵʲôطȥˣ
ФЦһ£ﻹе㵣ģȻԼҲԼŮӷãڣǱ߶Ѿ˳ӷ綩ϢȻ֪ԷʲôˣļҵŮɼȻϳҸԼҵģǳү׶ϱݸλ;ԲףԼŮıȵѽ
Ф֮һڴӦУҲӷ棬ӷѹϵãԼФžԵĺôȻֺìܣФֺóӷ磬ȴֲƫ˽;ֻۣϣʱӷǿƵĽŴѧˣ


276 һа2
ٽʮ㣬ྩѧŴѧڶεѧۿҪʼˣФҲŴѧɵĿǰΪֹ˵ǳӷû֣ŴѧҲû
λǳٳٲ˫УǼһһĵ绰ȥ˫ΪҪѧ˭Ҳûӵ绰ྩѧĶУŴѧУһĸͬǵǸҲʹŴѧڵ˶˵ⲻʲôɣһ˵һ㣬ˣˡڣѵѾڰи𣬸ûԼЩ˵һ£
ÿﶼŲͬĲ²⣬ӣⳡϷ治֪Ҫϵʲôʱˣ
ʮңŴѧУſڣӷɢɣŴѧĺ߹һʽ˵еķ羰ѧ
ȷҪƯˣǲ֪˺ò˵ѽ
ӷЦһ£ҲǳϴŴѧԼྩѧǳ˲СĿͷһΣŴѧҪģҪôӷﻹûס
ιֵܣѧģ
һڳӷ𣬳ӷתͷһ͸Լ࣬ȴһק
ӷЦֻ͵ģ
һ廪ѧģҲ͵ġ˵ྩѧĳӷŴѧƶǳװƣŴѧ뿴ǵװһôĳ̶ȡ
ӷεЦȷһﶼװơ
ֵܣҪҲһҵȥһǸӷɡ
ӷ綼֣ôأô˵ҲŴѧӦȥƲŶѽ
ҾãĿ껹ǷϱȽϺá
ǼһྩѧѾܸ˳ӷ磬ҿɴȥһܽ鷳ֻǸװƵĳӷ磬˵Ŀꡣңһ˵ϴྩѧʱ򣬳ӷȻԼ棬СܾͽƸˣװװȥˣѵѵĻΪΪһǵڶˣ
һ£ʲôô˵ĿꣿָЩˣ
ʱӷҲʣȻѾˣǴ᲻ܷʲô£ܻôӷҲֻȫһһеȫܡ
ˣֵܣ廪ѧǣʲô֣
ӷӳŴѧ߽ȥ߻˵ӷ磬ྩѧĳӷ硣
˿еĿɿڴôɰɣԼһŴѧⶼûļУţǸ˵еĳӷˡ
װװȻǸѽһʲôϣرȥɣ˵ĽѾˣ
ڳӷŴѧ֮Уſڶ·ͣһɫı۳ϣһʵүСӾǳӷ磿
ţûྩѧĳӷ硣ϴξҳ˴
ֵǻʲôȥСӸ
ӣνǹĿģǳӷ磬ӷԸϴྩѧôҳģҲҪһӡ
үǸʲô
˵ڳӷѾˣֻһȥŴѧྩѧѧҲʽʼˡǸʱ˵עȫἯҸӷϣû˭ȥġҪģǽ᳡ҰһŮ˳
ð졣үҪ˭˵һˣֵһƯƯġ
ƴӿڴóһƬΪӵˣ˵ŮˣǲҪʲôˣֻܰ˾ˡ⣬£ҪҰָҴ֪⡣
үģֵ֪ô졣
˵꣬Ϊӵ˳ȴûŴѧǳԱȥԱߣѾмڵˡ
ƽŴ򿪣ЦȻҵĵϸקǾͱҲˣ㻹ྩĻֵд
ûжԳӷɱ⣬ϾӷֻǸͨĲͨˡһҵȻҵô˵ԼʲȥҲҵĲǷԼ֮ϣȽǸŮ˸ɵ˵
УУôѧʲô˼ѵ治Щ˷ڶѾˣȻ֣˶ڵǡ
УѾȥˣûĵȣԼݸλȻҪѧʵ̫ʧˡ
УУҲǳ˼һǿҲҾ˽ΪԵѧ˵
˵ɣڻأФû˵⼱ʲôѽ廪ѧУ˵
УһԱ߷ǳеФһҽĲԼҲö˵ʲô
ҿ쿴ˡ
˿̣ŴѧѧдҲĴſڿȥֻƴ˽
Уص˿˵ФλŴѧͬѧѾˣֻྩѧĳӷˡ
УһԱߵƷƣƷҲҡͷ˼˵ӷĵ绰Ǵͨˣȴû˽ӡ
ڽҲǵһۣȴûмӷ硣ӷǱԼȽģѵԼŴѧ̫·
ιͬѧ𣿡
ƻûع֮ӷԭӷ粻֪ʲôʱѾ˻Ŵѧѧ֮ڣöУǶû֡
תͷһ˵ӷ磬͵Ҳ淨ѽ
һӷгڣóӷΧЩŴѧѧһ֪СʲôʱģղŸûȥ⡣
СӾǳӷ磿
ͦ˧𣡾֮ϡ
˵ʲôأ㵽ıߵġ
Ҳֻ˵òҡȻʵǵȻ߳СӲ٣Ҿ׼ΪƼͰɡ


277 һа3
ôãȻλǶѾˣҲ˷ʱ䣬ⳡŴѧѧʽʼˡ
εѧϴྩѧʱĲһŴѧɳһѧӷȣһһĽԵĶȻҲͨĿô򵥣鱾ϵЩóΪĿĻԵ̫ףҲʧȥⳡѧĿɿԡ
ϲʲôӱĶķ棬ֻһ֧ͨĹ棬㲻ӱչڹǰĻʣ˭ȥĲƷ
ѧҲͬģû˵ɣͳЩˣͬĻ˭ĻʱʵλǾʤߣִͳıΪ򵥵ģȴȱȤζϾ˶ǸѧΪܳʦһĿĴÿһ˶֪ǻʲôѽɴŴѧǮЩΰɣ˷Ѵҵʱ䡣
ФΪδĵһ֤ˣһУ˿̣Ȼǵһߵ˳м䣬ӷҲѾվԣԼ׵ľ룬˵һѧᣬеһᣬҪĲӣȭš
廪ѧУУФ֮˹վФߣɣˣǳˣҲΪ˹ƽྩѧŴѧκ˶ò֮ǰУУҲûκεĿԣΪĿҪٳ룬ٳһҲڿйѧԺͷŸ˰ɣ
Фʱɲɵӷ׽ûֳʶӷӣ£ɲ˵κһл
λͬѧһ߿״ԪһǰۣҹδĶ֮šҲܸˣĳɼûѡЩƴѧԸڹڵĴѧͶЩĺοѽ
Ѿ֪ФνҪҲҪǰλ˵ݣ˵ФǳлԭΪһεѧβУҲţһʧġڣԿʼˡ
Ф˵ͷٿһ۳ӷ磬ҲòģԳӷɵ̬ȣܷأϾྩѧǴνûȥûۼʶӷѧһӷƣԼָôȥأФеڴӦŴѧˡ
ɼȻѾˣǶҲûáФ˶񣬶ԱߵУУʵλôĿ׼ûУ
ФҵĸɵҲѾ׼˰ɡ
ģͷİɣǾͿλͬѧǲ˵ģ飬ѧ
ãȻˣҾȳˡ
廪ѧУߵ˳ӷǰ˿̣ڳȫע˳м䣬ûȥעĵطûĵһܣʱݡ
磬̫࣬Ǿȥ˵Ļ᲻ʲôѽ޾һСʵ
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СܽӹƽӵƬһᣬƬϵ֮С߽ŴѧĻ
ӷͬѧ߿ĵڶôྩѧĽϣִһϢҵ̫ͨ߼򵥣Ŷ˵Ҳһˡ
ӷͲ֪ͷ˭Ӳ֪Ҫ֪˵˵ҲֻǶĵƤëѣ;شɣ
УЦǫǺõģҲϣǫʵ
˶٣У˵ҳ⣬ش𲻳ĻƿԽӹȥشˣȷĻһ֡ͬǱ߸ƳҲˣ𲻳֪Ļһ֣ǾһСʱΪޣһСʱ֮˭ش࣬ȷ˭ʤ
Ǿɡӷν
ǳӷͬѧϸˡ鷨֮Сһ֣ôд
УǲеϺͿˣʵʲôѽһôд԰СѶ֪ڸȫ߿ڶİ۳⣬ⲻİӷ𣬶һ˵ԣ
ҲֻЩ鷨˲ףһдҲһ֮£鷨УҪһһдã൱׵ģһһͣдҲ̬һһһ֣һҲһһڣںܶУռ˺üһ֣⡰һ֮Уźܴѧѽ
УĿ꣬ӷıû˿ѿޱȵţУ⣬ӣԼ⣬Ѳӷġ
˭֪ӷȴ˵⣬ܲܲش𣿡
Уһ㶣ФҲһɲҪ㲻ᣬ¿ɾѰˣ
ӷͬѧҪ𣿡Уʵ
˵ɣ⣬͸ͬѧɡ
Уһƣ˵ӷ磬ô򵥵⣬㲻ܲᣬΪʲôҪøң
ԭܼ򵥣Ҳ˵̫ãҲش𡣡ⲻǲ룬ǲмش廪ѧУĿȻмȥشֱƵУȨ
ӷ磬ӣеҪĶѽȻ㲻شƣشɣ
Ȼмش⣬شĻǲԵ̫ǳˡ
㣬Сӿţ
УĺӶҪˣһѧмȥشҲ̫Լ˰ɣ
УЦģģڵĺӣںЩѽ
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278 һа4
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һ仰ӷû˵ӷҲɵһӾͽԼĵȫ̫û˼ˣ


279 һа5
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ûӲҪҵĻֻ˵ִ˸Ŵ˵ľһˣҲһˣ뷨ӲһˣȻͱȹŴ˸죬͡



Ŵѧѧһһӷһһش𣬴𰸻ŴѧѧҲ˿⣬ÿһ𰸶˵ϸˡ
ڣڳ֮뿴ĴϷⳡϷҲѾˣվŴѧѧԱߣһ仰Ҳû˵һ˫׶۾ĵųӷ磬ɱ˵ĻӷѾˡ
Ҳãѵ˵Ļڣֵˡ
ӷǰȻǴЦݡ
Ǻ޲ֱӽǾ޾ӷʬˡⳡѧѧУ飬Ʋ뽫ڵǣģڣȻӷԼɨأӷ绹ܻ߳Ŵ󻰣ԼңҲڸʡȥˡ
ʵŴѧȫ֪ƵıҲ֪һɫĺѧѧϰɼ͸˵ˣĺڰҵģΪСӣȻڵ벻˸ϵԲྩѧǴΣڣΣ˵仵
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ͣ˵޴ȥѡ𰸣Ϊǲûȥûһθǳģкܶ˵ҵ͵ʧҵҲʧ
ӷϵЦڽʧΪⳡྩѧŴѧѧѾĻҲźڵڵ֮ˡƣȴƫƫʱһ޷֮£ҲעңȮ


280 Ȯ1
ӷ磬ȵһ¡
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281 Ȯ2
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ذײͣĳ޾ȥһûĿһͨ䣬ȫţһڶذ׵ͬʱҲѾвˣҲкܶ൹ùļһﱻеҪλ˵ϡ
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ɺúǰҲɵȥҳΧĶҲ˵Լ̫ˣԷԼŵλöûֱӴ˹ⲻԿŹأ
ϳˣģһپһֶҲ̫˵㣡
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ʲô׷ģ߰ɣĴսûʼء


282 Ȯ3
ƴţһϵţһƴţ˷ܾΪǿҵģС˵ѽҴ̫ˣƵķˣһ˵кģ޲ԼǷɻ̷ɹ
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أ֮ڿʼǸǵģҸǵģҲôҲҡ
һ˲²͸Ļƴţֱһ⳵ˡ
Ǭɽֱҡͷ֪ƴţΪ˳嶯´ȥƽϺģϾӷڵ绰ｻȲҪƴţǬɽӷĻ᲻ģɽҲȥ
ǻҵӷô˰ɡ
ƴţ˵ŵͬʱپѾִ˳ӷĵһƻ͵ϮʹԼ޾֮սѾȼ𣬿Լȴû˿ˡ
ѾķԸû׷޾
ߣӷ翴ҹе˵ţپԴҳֻҪǺڵϵĻƴҴû͵ϮһΣ֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡
پҡҡͷ˵һҪ⣬ҸĵֻҪհͿˡ
Ҫɱһ˺ף뵽ַء֮ǰĸоĿֲľţô󷽴ңֱҪʹ࣬ǲɱ˲Ѫ
޾һս
ûƣȹġڵľ޾ͺñһǳأǣǽǳصľӡΪǳصĸ̫ȹ̣ҪӲĻǾ͵ɱһǧ˰٣ɵ£ҳӷ磬
벻ս֮
ӷЦβսֻɱ
սֻɱⲻͬһ˼ʲôֱ
Ҳ̫ף
νսĴǾӲ޾ûǸҪɱղѾˡ
پӷ˵һ룬˵Ҫ޾ŵĺ޻֮֮ٽֵһһĿǵĲϣɶֽʡʱ䣡ֻǣ
ǲ˵ʹ죿پڵһǰֻĿ죬ܶʱͷԸֶβΪҪģҲõպ˻ô㣡߿ܣԹʷʤдġ
پ΢΢˵ͷ˵ˣǾڸô
ӷЦһ£˵Ըȥ֮ǰʲôȫغáһڣǴɱʱ򡣵ʱһԲٵҸЩЧҵľ޾ԱɱȮ
ãϷԸȥ
پ뿪ߣǬɽ˹
ֵܣСôˣ
ɽ
ɽɷģһëĻʾˡ
ֵܣǲѾ˾Сõļƻ
ǱҵƸߵģҲΣȻǸʲôöȴһˣڲһʧ£ǾԲҶ¶ֵġҶѾţҲ޾ս飬ӲĶʱȥңͬʱҷѣûͷֵۣס
Ǭ˵ӷ磬ܾܲŰɣǲҪҵСӽʲôطҲиѽ
ҵȻţѾˡ
Ǭɽ໥һۣʵڲ֪ӷôվ⺣ߴҲǶ
λǲҸطȼɣͻȻ˾ˡ
ǡ
ˣѵǻŲ𣡡ˣţأ飬ܲѽ
ţһ·ɻһˣ˵ʲôҪǲȥ
ʲôļһһɳʲôµģ
ȥɱƻļƻ
ˣܱôһ֣ҵļƻŶˣȥһˣȥҺȾƵĵطһСʱϵҡǿҪסţһȥֻҵļƻҲȥˣỵµģرɽŵϢǧܱҵ֪ˡ
ӷ罻˼䣬ںߵĽһҲ֪ȥʲôط


283 Ȯ4
磬ôˣ
Ƹջصңͼɳϳ̣ˣɴ
ǸĶս飬Լּ̨棡˭뵽Ȼ㰵㣬Ҵʮȥȫ˲ɣ˺ü£
ʮַŭղŵ飬޲ýȫҳڵҲϧǣǵӰҲ˵žôЩһﵽײʲôطأ
˵ﲻʵ̵ϺһսҲֱɱϺеģôף
˭֪Ǹپʲô֮ˣ
磬ҪҪҰæ
̾һղŵһҲܴʲô㣬СƣǲץŮ
˵磬ͷİɣзִ磬㻹û֮ǰǲὫҸǹġҲܷû˿˼£һչǸʱǾҪͬʱԶϼ˵ǲ
Сƣʱô³һҿɸ㣬ŮھԲܶҿҪ۵ġ
˵Ȼ˶ѾץˣҲС˵ڷߣڸǶһˣȻˣǾȽŮסɡСƣҪסǧҪ˺ڶδ֮ǰһҪԴϱһԴŮ
֣㲻ùҵ£Ҳûʧֻǣڶ
顣
ƻδ꣬洫һĴо޾סСӣȥˡ
Ȼ˵ѵǶپˣ
֣ⲻܣپղŶҳ֣֪ģӲֱˡҳȥ׷ʲô£
NND޵ģӽڹ
ŭ𣬾ұĴǽŵģҲʮ
ÿļһҵ뿴˭˷
ѾüûˣԼżʮ꣬ѾЩԼˣҲںܶǰѾȥˣЩû˸Լû뵽죬˸ģ
顭
ɲ˳ţұĴžͱһ޾Сܸײ˿ֱӱײˣСҲǵ˵ϣѪѾˣ
ԼļſɱԼˣĽɫ˵ţҲһ
ɫȻһ䣬˫ۿ˴ſڣͼûվһţ꣬꿴ʮ׼ȷ˵Ӧʮߵʮ֮䣬һ׳ƣһƺúüʮ֣һͷĶ̷ͷţɸ˵ĸоȴֻȻģһ͡
һװϵǰֱһŲѾľ޾Сͷϣһɱ˲Ҫӣŵıǰ񣬳˿ȥ
Ӧþ˵ɣ
һŲ˭˶Σܵ˼£һ־ɵһƬֱӸһڻָ˼ҳ֮Ϊ˵ˣټѽ
Ȼ˼ʮĺڵʲôûǰȻ֪Լ˭ҲӦ֪ԼıȻʲô֪ҴɱԼ²˵ԼɼͷСѽ
ֵһھԼĸףֵʮֵգҪǰ궯֡
ȴһһӸסˣ˵ȲҪ嶯
֣СҲ̫ˡ
䣬Ц˵û˿ɲҪ̫嶯Ҫ֪嶯ħ˵ǳ嶯ħҲûʸħǻħģȫ⡣
㡭
һסǰʵСѣȻ֪˭£ɱҵˣһһıɣδ̣
֪˭ǰɣû⣬ӽȻˣǾû֮
˶٣ŵջƣ򱱷
ջƵģӱģ
ڿٵתţмջƵģʲô֮ջƣȣȻ뵽ڵ棬˺һᶼû뵽ڱĺڵջƵģ֮еıĸ
Сѣ˵ıǶ
˵ıѽѵй˶֮⣬ûбı𣿡
һʣɫһ䣬궼ʾˣ벻Ļˡ
Ǵӻģ
û
ǣ
Ǵһˡ
һ˫۾ϲͣĴţȻΪ⸣һʡĺڵͷЩŹ嶼֪Ļˡ
ھЩ壬ںڵ֮еģֻһǱǴ˵ڰпйڣǸйһ£һСʱһڡ
ʲôϵ
⻰һƶǴ󾪣Ƿ죬սһ֮λǸ죬˵һεļ̳ˡйϵĻǴ˻治Լܵأ
ǣһ֣ȴǲмĴЦĸ޵ģӾǵҲҳ⣬Ѿĸҷһƨһ
ǷȻѾįˣΪȱڵĹϵȻһеٮٮߣ˫֮һĳƺţʣھǵһУм˸죬˵㵱ģˣھǵһв֪࣬ҲѣһΪУһΪŮŮģȻֽһ׳飬еģɾλϽĳ
ڶеľԼʲôʱλүˣȻŭֱɱ˵ǰٶɱԼˣ򶼲ôģ
ԭǻϽӣžС֮ƵĻƴţ
֪ƴţţɼƴţͷ治һѽ
˵Ȼ֪˭˵ɣôˣ
һĪĻͷԣʵƴ٣ҵشţǸߵССҵʵڲ֪ʲôʱƴүʾһ£
ѾҲ̫ǸˣȻ֪˭ǻô࣬ѵû˵Ӳ˵ԭĸ˵ϻҽĿ겻㣬øʶһ㣬һߵģ򣬱ΪϣӾͲˡ
ǶӵţڸôȨƣҲȥﾩǻƼѽ֪λƼҴүʲô¶ɵĳģЩʵʣѵԼ
Ȼƴٲĳ˵ģ룬ңӦû˭ֵƴ˰ɣ
˵һϻھͳѾġ
꣬ӦΪƴţһָߵֵܣʵ˭ƣӹ


284 Ȯ5
һƴţԼĶӵģͻ
ƴţ֮˶֪λС˵ʱɴ˿飬Ӳʲôݣôļϵˣȱ첲ȣҲû˭ѹ
ǻƼһôļ壿ǲһ¼壬һ壬ڹߵĴ˵ڵλ˵ȻǣԼҲἸȭŹ򣬵Ҫƴţһ죬һѽҲԲûƴţԼĶӡ
ƴ٣㲻Ҫ̫ˡɲǾǣ̫ĻݹҲڻϽϣ㲻ˡ
ʲôеͷߣʲôʵۣ־ǡŲʲôɽҲ߻ʵԶǻƴţģһɱһž潫ִˣǻƼңҲ̫ΪԼɣ
˵ӽֻ˸ӵģɼȻӲҪΪͷҲһͬʱһ١
ƴţǳ嶯²˺Ⲣ˵ûӣƨġ֪ɽûҵӷǱҲһȫҸ޾ļƻƴţɵȥӷļƻƻңȹˣĵʱԼֵĻᶼûС
ƴţȻȲǻƼңӲҪҵҵĻҲǺ۸ġ
ǰһû˿ηĶԻƴţ
ҿôɰĺѽǶôѽΪƴţǰɹǵСɫˣ仰ܽƴţŵ˼һƴүھﶼǺ·ģѾмš
Ƹ˵Ļ֣ˣλҶӿ̫үҵģһƴţ
ƴţҲǳӷ磬Ըӷһϲ˵˵һĻеŭȻ
ʱ䣬ڻƴţΧһǿֱƣʹҸ˽¶վȣǱ̨紵ҡƵģȥ
ƴţһ̤أ顱һϵĴʯƴţһŸ˺üѷ졣
ͬʱƴţǰһסţһֻѾץסƵ·͵ĳԼǰһѾмҸ˵Ļ
䲻ڻƴţǰȴһӣڱƴţһֱָ嶼Ѿ뿪˵档
Ƶɫǰף࣬Ϊɫ벻ƴţţɶȻ֮죬ͲԼӦԼѾƲסԼˡ
ƴţҶӣͱ߳ȥҴš
򳹵׼ˣҲѾγһָŻƴţ󺰵ջƵģϷҶܣȻһ㡣
ƴţɲô࣬ûĻܶ࣬Сôᱻһǹŵ
ȷѾġ
ƴţֱӸϺݺݵĶȥϵǹͨܳܵסأ
Сƣ
һͷ·һʯӸ߿׹㣬˱˵ϣҪСͨҲǾܲѽ
һʱ䣬ֻԼһϲڵѪҺȫӿϣһѪֱӴӿ˳
ѾĻǰǹǹʱѾĻء
ѵһ٣ģ֮г˿ɼȻҸ˲֪ôҸԼŸɣǾͶɡ
֪ƴţʲôʱԼǰֻǰһӰԼеǹˡ
ϲǹǰɣǾԼӵ
ǹ˻ƴţӵ;Բ˷ѣſŶҪ
ƴţҿǹĻһ浽ȥ
ңѽȥѽѵӵ˻𡣡
㣬㵽ô
ڸû취ȥƵƴţ뿪ҲǽҽԺģֻĿԼСܿ࣬˵Сƣһ°ɡ
ôˣҶˡ
ƴţֱԼƵĿģ⻰Ÿӷȥ˵ɡ
ҲûʲôھģܴŸ죬˵ҵͦŵģرƣʲô߿״ԪӴСͲ飬ֺѧˣһʹ죬һνĸ߿״Ԫˡ
Σ˵ƴ٣˵Ҳ̫˵ɣ˿佱˵ȣǿνĸ߿״Ԫ˳۵ĻΪʲôȥӷˣŴѧѧϣӷѾѧѽ
Щص㣬صǣƴţˣôϼ޻ҲԲ²ƴţĵӷйأӲйأƴţʶĻֱӽԼˣңҲûôӣĵλСǰž˵ġ
ƴţ˫֣˵ˣӲҲˣŻкܶطȥأɲǽоȻˡ
ûˣܵ˼ҲɱˣҲˣƲҽԺʮģһĻûУҲҴңȥҲҴѽ⸣һڰ
ƴţֱܣ
Сȱ׷ˣҲĶ֣ϽоȻ
ʮӺһȻյҽԺһҶӱ˴ˣĸһ̵ĳɣһ룬ӳʲô⣬ԼҽԺҲŻˣҸ޾˵ҲûԼ֮ء
ɵƸͽҽԺͽӵһֳԾĵ绰
ϸȥң㽫ŸҲҪ˸ҳҪʬΡ
ھȻϣʵСֳʲô£
֣鷳ˣǲ˾ԱڰСʱ֮ڣȫ˸һֻ֡
˵ʲô˾ˣ˿֣
ǵġڲ˾Ǳߴңǵʽһ㶼ɲ˾Ǳ߸ģڲ˾û˹ܣǵʽҲתˣʲôطʣʲôطʣˣͲ֪ѽ
̳ϵĹ˾ǺڵϵĹ˾ǹؼڣһǲ⣬ҹ˾Ҫ⣬˵ģҪǮɣǮ˾ûԣûˣ˭£˭ѽ
Сҿţϸȥ˾һЩŪҪ̵ʱڣȥ֣ǵЩһġ
ãϸȥ˾֣ҲҪСһ㣬»ƴţ鷳ǱߵҲ֪᲻һжȴ绰ɵֹǣֱ͵Ϯˣ


285 Ȯ6
̫ǣѾ˼Ǽҹ˾˵һֻ֣ǲǸøҽѨˣ
Ƶ귿ڣӷɳϣСѾ뿪ˣӤҰȴվڳӷǰıпԺԵĿɱˣǰɵļһ
ҸղŲǸһѨλ𣡡
ӷЦԼûиǬһȥҺȾƵĵطǻصƵӤҰġȻ֪ƴţһܵȥһǺβᣬҵ˿һأӷҲţƴţܵȥԲֶģҵĳˣһǽҽԺʱһ߾޾ٳʲôĻľȲסˡ
ɵϣҷϾŸѨڲŸҽһʲô˼
ӤҰеˣ֪ӷֶԸԼԼȥɱˣǵʱͲӦøǹıԣԼڷҪӷˣ
˵СѾͷ·أԣǲôġԺ·ôߣ룬ѾԼձˮǸܾ˵ˡ
̫ǣʲô˼ѻ˵
֪Ȼû⣬Ҳ֪ȨҸ֮ǰȸңձڵϵǸν񻰣ʲôϵ
ҿдӤҰһ飬Ҹ㣬ˣ˵޷ش£Ƿձķˣ˵ӤҰһκµġҸӤҰһûйϵҸӲˡ
ȻˣȴúɡҪǣֻһ㣬Ҫúϧ˵޵ģΪпܸӤҰһйϵҾͲɱˡ
⻰ȻŻӤҰģӷҪɱĻҲܻڣһõģղţһܺõ֤𡣵ȻӤҰɱ֣Ҫӷôȥգպˣһźܺõӣһпܶպձڵоʱаһûƺãǳӷ͵ΪʱӷһģҲŮˣ
̫ǣվס㡭
ӷûʱӤҰϻָеһֽӤҰֽţпڵѨλ
ҹѾΪеһ賿˯һǳ飬ʱΣͬʮǰϰ˵㣬ҪһСʱЩҹ˲ŻصԵļңڸԵŻͷԱߺ˯
ĳưڣһķԱҲæĲɿҾưһƬգȭģҩģɼиͬģưҲĿŵû˿ıܻ˼
ԱǾƻ򣿡
ͻȻԱߵһɢϣһŭȻư𺳵ѹ¡
˵֮˵󣬴˲˼飬Ҿưɵͣȫ֪Ҿưɵıκ˸£Ӳ˹Ҳ磬˵ľ⡣
ڣҲ֪֪ܳļһŭپƣңֱӽһƿҽأڷҡͷȫҾƿ֮˿˹ȥ
λǲʲô᣿ɴپƵģ㣬ڳÿһ˶֤Ҳȫĳ͡
ҾƿصһĿ֪ǱˣȴΪȶ˶µģһģˣǶһġ
˵ǼٵľǼٵġ̵ģپƸֵܣ˵ʲô֤㵱ǿֵˡ
ҲǸ˼ɣ⼸ƿСͣ뼸λͲҪȥ˰ɣϾģĿ˻Ҫء
˵ĲǷԱһĴŸ磬֪ҾưɵĸΣҲǸʲôġ
˵Ҿưɱ֣ɾ˵ǴģǸ˳ֵģһ²һ£ƿƣǾưɻأ
TMӷϻپƸֵܣҿǲ뿪ȥ˰ɡ
ӦҾƿصһֽӸƷʹΧȫΧȥǿɲ鷳Ҳɵȥֹ
ӣǹֳӵġ
ɫʱһ䣬ѾܿˣȻǲҲҲ
ϻ㵱ȾƵѽ
Ҿƿ˹һЦһذ״˳ֱһؿڴ˽ȥ
ɱˣֵ֪ͨǹɱˣ
һѾֳԱ߿ϷĻǸѽҲµʱȥʲôģһȺȺĶưȥ
磬޾Ӧúܿ͵ˣǲǿԡ
죬ѵִ𣿽ֻɱ˷Żģ޾潻档
ǺðɣҲһʱˣϣֵһҪ޾ͨͨɱ⡣
ϻ˾޾δһѻҽӸˡ
ΪưҪƵĹϵŻͳΪһǳ׵飬ӣһѴھưȼ𣬶ŻҲѾʧӰˡ
ϴ󣬲ˣưǱ߱˸һѻ𣬹ǾȲˣ
޾һһӵھưɵҵϢɱԼ޾ˣ̾͸˹ȴ̫ҾưɣѾܴɡ
쵰ĸ۵ļһȻ̫ͷ϶ҽҳڣȥ
ǣȥҡ
ϴϴ󣬲ˣưǱҲˡ
һ޾СܼææܵͷǰڵĴ
ưǱֳʲô£
һ˷һѻ𣬶ңһɱǼֵܣ
ʲôȻͬʱΣһ򵥡֪ͨүߵ


286 Ȯ7
һҹҸ޾˵⼸ʮʧһҹҲ˵Դ޾ﵽڣôΣǺڵϻ̳ϵΣȫһ𣬶ûһҹʧ
µʮҾưɣż̨ңҵӰԺ˼ɣãкüҶĳ¸ȫһصġɨԷ֮Ӱ٣ʹľ޾ԷҲû򣬸Ӳ֪ԼµĶЩʲôˡ
һҹ֮ʮ㲣Ҫȥӹܲ˾ǱߣЩɨĳҲҪһȥ棬棬ҲҪһһȥͣȥʲôģҲ˵һҹҸ޾ʧѾǱˣ
Ҳһҹ·࣬ҽԺȴֻԼĶӣ£䲻ҲѾһףԼ޾ϵҵģɾǶǴģȻǶĵһսپ
һҹʧ治Сѽȥ»ᷢ벻ǲӦòȡʩˣ
޾һһҽԺҲҽԺ߳£پĲŽɹģȴ벻ĿȻûϣֱԼ޾ĵֳôĶͷ·һصսƵģһǹһط
˫ɱ˵ĳ嶯ǶԼ޾ս飬֮ԼĴӱ͵ϮٽŻƴţĪԼСӴˣڶûѹţپһҹ֮ɨԼżеĳӣʵȥ
ټһΣҲپǸʬΣҾͲ򡣡
ҲǺþûôƢˣڣģҲȻǹϵԼ޾Ĵ⡣
˵ͷ˵ãȥ졣
ɫѾӷ涨ʱ仹а죬Ҳ˵ڽ֮ǰң޾һҪ
һսûоʹ˽˵޾Ѿ׷Ҳٲɣһܴܲ޾ȥϾһ¼˭ﶼġ
һδƽһһ
иһ̣ͷ˺ܴĶⳡྩģĿ꣬ŵϼš
֣ǿܵˡ
սӵжϢ̸ϵҽԺ
ڲڣôԸپ벡ĵһ仰ĸоҲڿٵתţʵѵྩΪСưǷˣ
ش˵Сǹؼʱ̣ģǷʤʱྩϼĻǺǲ롣ȥˣ˽ͻྩúýһ£˵ֻǸᣬҿʲôȫҴӦȶ֮ٸˡ
ӣǸѽҲ֪أ֪ʱܽҸһսԼңҪ군ˣ
˵֣ϵȷ⣬ڽиһ̵ʱͶϽдģչԷҲȷྩģȴϼţ
һ˵ڶеˣ˶֮⣬ѵԼһ
ôܣڳ֮⣬˭ʱǶ֣
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ʲô˵һ飬ʲôţ
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⸣ʡʡίǣһ仰ŵЩԱҲġ


287 Ȯ8
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288 Ȯ9
Դྩѧһμӷʱͺܿӷ粻˳ˣҲ˵ڵһӷʱͶԳӷܲˬˣΪģΪƵķ˿˶óӷԼżȵ£ôܡڣӷȻҵԼֱӸ˵ĳ嶯ԣӷһǺƣԼĽǰȥġΪСȻԼĽ㶼˵ǿˣֱӽӷߡ
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ҸȨһ㹻ҵȨҲҽҳװ

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ǵģǼԿãû뵽ǵҡ
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ʡίǶ˵ˣѵǿʲôԥ˼˵ǣһ쵼񡣡
ֻ˳ӷ磬ʱĿڶԳӷѾ˺ܴĺ֮ģȻǲ֪ӷ绰Ǵ˭ģɼȻԼĸףԼɷ˷Ӧɼ绰һͷ֮˵ͷ治һĴѽ
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ӷ磬ղǲǽ̣
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һ֣ҵ˼˵Զ׻ǡ
ΪԺӰȥңӷֱ˵ĸ׵ãҲҵ衣
ʲôĸ׵ãĸǡ
ԼҳŮλͷ˾Ĵ㡣


289 Ȯ10
ǿԺŵλĹҳŵĽ˺üƣֱй֡
³ǿܵģֱ˵ݣ˹ֳİ칫ſڣֳȴûڰ칫ң̾˵ǵľֳڿᣬǿֱӳйֵĻҡ
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ǿһʹһľ컹ΪεܽǾֳԺҲ˹һܽһһĹҪ顣
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ڿɲҵʱǸӵĻ³Ǻܲҵġ
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ʡĸ쵼µΪʲôһ㶼֪
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ӷ̾˿ʵǿϧѽǸŮˣȴûд־֮ģǰϧֱӸܾˣȻˣԼҲûҪˡ
ȻˣǽҲֻ˵Ǹˡͬѧպıע⣬ʲô鷳ʱྩңһġ
˵꣬ӷҲû˴кֱ뿪ˡ
ڳӷ뿪֮ŭҲ̫ûòˣ潫Լһˣʲô⡣
飬ȻӷҲܲˣĻɲܵȥ˵򣬻Լ鷳ġ
ʲôѽѵһ¶ʲô粨ɣȣһ棬Զ
Ц飬Ҹ㣬ĸǹҵĵڶ쵼ˣãʸٸ㣬ĸȫܲããʸүүλ˳֮ΪүĳԶɽãƣʸ𣿡
˫ĺܴ󣬴ӶҪˣ󶪳һ仰ǹ¶ѽ
ǹ¶ղ˵ʵĻ̫ӣ


290 Ȯ11
ϼŽģҲߵһá
㣬ֻϼŵſͣŶʮоҲмԺĳзԺĳҵƵĳϣһʵȨĵλȫϼŴſڣʹϼŵĹԱȫ֣ƽûκγͣϼſڵģ죬ôô೵ңȫλġ
ʮԱӳȺڵĿ£ϼš
ǲܽȥ쵼ڿأ
ϼŵĵڶʮ¥һŮҪֹǰľλˣȴֹˡ
ǿͷֱӽϼŸ߲ҵŸ˿ڻڣҵ֮⣬ϼŵи߲ȫۼƣӦڿҪĻ顣
ֳԺǽôܵǹ˾ˡ
ڻＶߵһˣ˼ǿǵĵҿüλ֪߾Բѽ
ֹͣейǼλҪǹ˾һʱĲ顣
ǿڿɲܶԷôĺ̨ҪԸϼ֮˿Ҫǿ̫࣬ԼҲϼﲻģ
Ժʲô˼ǹ˾湫˾ûѲ֮ǰƾʲôǵĲ˵ˣǾԺҲûǸȨѽ
̬ȸûЩλ˷ǿȴЦҪѲھ͸㡣
䣬ͼӻ߽һǿˣһļĶ˸ˣ˵ǷԺϼԺ֣ͬʱͨѲ룬Ӧûʲôûɵİɣ
һѲֻҪһλ쵼־ͿˣڣţλͬһͬѲĵطʱɴδֹǿƣʸܵס
λ쵼ҿл᲻ʲô᣿ȲҪȺȱȣϵܲã̸ɡ
ǿ˵Ҳûãңǹ˾⣬ҲȻ̸ġ
˶٣ǿ˵ˣ̽ϼŵĲ񣬰ϼеĹɷݣһ飬һʲôΥʽԴȫ¼ڰҽЩʽ̶ᣬͬʱϵз棬ǵĹ
ҽԺѾ˹ҽϸļƵѾû̫ˣֻǶ˼ڹǣҪڴɺóһʱ䡣
ͬʱҲӵϼǱߵĵ绰
һźüλϼԼϼŵʽ棬һִһ绰
Сϸϵ˾ȥ˾ǱҪˡ
֣˾ʲô£
֪Ϊʲô˼ԺԺڼǹ˾ʽ⣬ǲ⣬ɾͲðˡ
£ЩһҵĺôھȻҲ鵽ǹ˾ͷˡ֣㲻õģ̸ȥ˾һǲġ
˵绰˺ܶ뷨Ҳ̫ɺ˵ɣЩٵΪʲôƽʱԼϵʽƫƫʱңԼǸս޾ĺǮתϼţԴֵסྩչģһЩǮйزŲ鵽ˣǽʽһᣬྩźչԼϣͷҪƲ̲ɣԼҲһ֮ڱһУΪǮĹϵϷԺǸʱ򣬾޾ͻȺףʹŵĶԲϴ֮Լ޾
뵽ЩѾĻʮĺڵ̳飬ʱҲѾ𲻵κεˣ
֣ǲǳʲô£
ڴϵʵ
СƣʲôùܣֻҪþˣ飬ҸȻᴦ
ǲģӣԼҪȥһɹ˾ˣһ嶯ڼԼ˾ǶԼҸǲ
Сƣ˱㣬Ҫȥһɹ˾
õģ֣ҪСһ㣬Ҿã췢飬ȷ̫ԾˣǶս飬ǾǵĻƴţǼңڣ˾Ǳֳ£룬ⱳһ˿ڰһС
ƻ治һĴѽʱŷһеһжڱŵĺãֻϧ֪̫ˣңϾҪʧˣһҲȫҵģֲıˡ
Ժϼеʽ⣬Ҳûʽȷ¼ǳɣЩʽȫڰ֯йء
ڲ⣬õʱҲ࣬Сʱѡ
ܺãϼ¼ڰ֪ͨз棬ϼʽȫᡣ
һ¡
ϵֱֳǰʵֳʲô˼
ֳùҵĺôҲΣĹԱڳкܶ࣬ÿһλУЩˣҲǹر
ɣ
Ҳֻǿһη壬˵ڴżԺĵλʽ֪ͨ㡣ϼŵʽѱǸλ϶ᣬ鷳֪ͨһԲ֣Ϊϼŵܲã޷ЩʽĻǾͱǲˡ
ǿ֣Ȼҡ
ҲΣңѾѱˣϴɾƨɵΰɡ
һ룬ɴˣ̴һ绰򣬿һĻʱܵ˾ȥȽ޾ʽһַڹƱȥԼϼŵĹƱֻҪƱԼԿķʽҲϧ
ʱһֵַĹ̻аСʱ
پõļվڳӷ󣬳ӷԴ󺣣˵ʱ쵽ˣ֣׼һ£ֻżǱ߳չϼŵĹƱϢһǾ޾ҲһĲȣǱǶֵʱ
ǵֵѾȲˣֻҪһ£ţ⸣ǵ֮
ӷЦһ£˵ɱɣҽźڵѪúϴһ飬ͬʱ߻⣬ҶΪе³


291 Ȯ12
ٽ̵ʱ䣬Ӷ˿ŽԼϼŵĹƱ˶ۣɫҲǼΪҰףǻ˰㣡
֣ˣȫˣԾ޾ʡǵʽ𣬸𲻵κεáңྩҲ翴Ƶģǹ˾ĹƱȫչˣþ޾ǮֵЩʽҲȫŸסˣڣ˾ˣ޾ʽҲȫûˣ
˶벻Լ⼸ʮµĽɽȻһ֮ڱ˸ߣһ˵ǿƣԼû˿Ļ֮
ţżɱȫңĲݣ
ŭǸ֮ҲǵǶΪϼŶ군ˣз治ǰǿҪ󣬽ϼŵʽȫᣬھҲѾɳұΧֻһȥǾͻץˣʱ˭ֻȥ˼ȨƣǵȨƣҲ͵Ϊֹˣ
֣ڸô죿
Ҫţɽڣûգ㹫˾ûˣǻо޾Ҿ޾ڸҪ뽫ʧһҲǼ̫֮£
򻰸䣬ڴֻ
˵
Ҫˣˡ
ֳʲô£
پѾɱˣǵĵϲ֪ð˺üɱǵֵܣ
ʲôپȻʱ֣ϸҷԸȥôҵסǾ޾ĻҪȶŵǿĶ࣬һ
ûô򵥣
ʲô˼
ϼǱߵ飬ֵȫѾ֪ˣҲ֪ʽϼǱߣϼŵʽ𶼱ᣬֵĻ̻̣Ҳкֵܶһʱǵĵ̷ģɨŵȫ绰ӣǰ죬ֱһ룡
һƨ˵ϣ˫۶֪ʲôطΪãûڵľ޾ڵԼȷûǮˣûǮ֮£˭ԸΪԼֵǣиո̣Ǳ߸նϼŵʽ𲻾ãϢΪʲôôʹ޾ЩײСҲ֪ˣУһʲôԼû뵽飬ҲΪؼģ
ô˵ںڵϴ˼ʮǰûǮʱͬǹˣȻʱһˣܳһʡڵƣ˶ģ˵ҷԸȥ֮н죬ȫһһŴƴģҲԱֻ֤ҪҾ޾ֵܣպٲĺô
ԷǾ޾һҲǸ£ڣ鷢չһôĵزȻվߵġ
ĸڰĸģҲĸģϾûˣкõľлģҲ˵ھ޾һԸΪ
ϰ˵㣬ж·𰲾ǰȣҹԵĸ쳣
֮ǰԶ˵İһϯǰĳͽһ޾ɱš
ĵ֮ϣ˵ĽŲӿ죬ЩѲߵľ죬·ҰްһеĶԽڲͣϵǵܲ
ִ磬֣Ǿ޾ۼһ
һСվپߣҲôһѣĶپΧ
پ˫۳Χɨһ£ϵһֳѾԼɨһˣһҲǸʼѣﲢûи޾潻棬ɽ첻һȻӷѾ´֮ǰһҪ˾޾ţôپŵĶͲκεĹ˼ˣ
پһεҲȫǶĵһԱھྩڵսϺĴս֮ԱѾԶǿĵˣǶ˿޵ġ
Ȼˣһսʹִɡоǣҽȥеֵֻ⼸϶֣ôɱУ޾ܲǱߣһҲܿǾĳӡ
ףֵһ῿޾ܲġ
С˵꣬پս˳֮ϾεΧȻȫԶԶġ
پߵһ·Աߣеս·ƵĵƸϲͣôţȴҪ·ֻôײ
ͬʱͽӽֵЩӣкܶ಻ͬλãһˣЩ˵ͲòҲͬиаҲݣǵϣȴһͬ㣬ǾǣֱֵϣһɫĲ
ϴ쿴Ƕɱˡ
޾ҲѾӵϢ׼һڽϳôÿˣȻ֪ҪԼ޾չ׵һսˡ
ֻҪҾ޾ֵܣȽһսٲ˺ôֵǣһһɱһɱһ˫
ֵͷβͬǳ޾ڣ˫ԣҲ˫еһҡ
پûгֱֵӴͷɱȥվԭһҲûжõ߾ٿ޾˹ȥ
ҶߣҾߣȫҪҶֵܣֻܽˣɱ
޾ܲѾ˹ǱҪָܲһսڻҽԺΪ˰ȫҲѾɳһҽԺȥƣǱٳʲô⣡
ǵѾˡһܽİ칫Ҽ
ܺãҵ뿴Ƕﵽǲͷۣپʲô£ôˣ͸ɱţҪһ޻ء
ʵأû˳ܲɱ
үʱûֶܲɱģҲԲǸġܲΧĽֵǵ˿ţһɱ˹ҿԱ֤ܲڵĽֶˡ
䣬Ҫ⣬ּһСܴ漱ææ˽
ܲ߶
Ŷû뵽ô죡ӣﻹһֵѽ˵ж˳ܲ߶
Се»شֻУֻУһ
ʲô˵ˣʵ
үģֻһˡ
һǸˣӦǸ·˶ѣ
ɣǴүܲˣѵأ
˵ＫΪգϴǾͳǵĿǸˣһξԲ̫⡣ȥĵǲǶˣҲҪעһ£ΧûжأһеĻһҪһеĽȫɵ
Ϊ˵ģɱˣҲҪȫϣܲʸûС


292 Ȯ13
޾ĶżС˾޾ֵ֮ܲĽͷ
ϣ˾޾֮⣬ѾκһˣеҲȫ޾ߣʱǾȻ˵ĺаԵԼǾ졢һָ
ŵľ֮ûг棬Ϊӷ罻ǿǿĲŴк֮ǰǲҪȥܾ޾κ顣
ǿ䲻֪ӷҪʲôȻ֪˳ӷݣǿĸҲĲҲԼ鷳ҹ¼ȥɣ֮󣬲鷢չһôĵزȥʰо֡
أ
żСͷʱͷľ޾Ҳȫ˹һС˵ϴ󣬾Сӡ
ۿȥģһԼʮ˾꣬ʮ궼꣬Լ߹ԼߴԼʮ׵ľ룬һɫʵװƲôڣɲôĵΣڸǲǿòֵעǣ˫УȻһѵ䵶ǻ¹£еѵ΢ĺ⡣
ϸҹȥһ£·ģ·Ƕˣϸҽɵ
ǣϾȥ
ӷû˿ı飬˫еĵҲʲôԸ޾ЩͨˣӲҪϷ죬Ϊͨķʽ޾ңɱȮ
ӷзңʵװҲ΢΢𣬴ӳӷϣɢһɿµϢҲǣɱ
ιСӣ·ͨϹԶһ㡣
޾Сǰ߹ĳӷ
ӷû˵һ仰ϵıԽӱ䣬ҲżΪصɭУ˫еĻڰڶ˼£Ųǰȥͬʱӷ˫еѻѾֶȴֱӳǰľ޾ȥǳֵ߻ȥ
ৡ
ƿյĵھ޾СܵĶһ̣޾СѾԭأûȥӷĻʲôطȥֻǱӷɭֱıˡ
ѻٵڽֵߵĽ֮ת˼Ȧ˿̣ƿյĵѾˣΪѾҽȡˡ
ѻֱӻڽֵߵľ޾СܵĲӣһһѪĻص˳ӷУߵĽ֮ϣĸˣĸ˵ֵĿҲȫǵǰӦ˵ǵʬǰĸ˵ĲϣһۣѪȪһӿ
ǰľ޾СȻӦ˫ŲͣĳȥӷĻҲûȥֻǲͣߵĽطɶţһľ޾ΧĽϵ
ϴǣǶˣɱˡ
ʲôѵһ𣿡ʵ
ûֻһ
ģһҲֱɱҾ޾ܲôҹȥСӡ
ǡ
ûʲôǵģѵôˣһëͷСӲɡ
û룬ԣһˣԼôƤӵ£񣬷򣬾һҲġ
ʮСܣһѿֱӭ߹ĳӷ硣
Сӣ·㲻ߣ㡭
ৡ
ӷûö˵꣬һѻѾĵɱ߹˹
ϴСġ
СǰһৡļȻСܵһָֻ˵УǲģѻҲ̫˵ɡ
ߣ
ص˳ӷУڵĳӷ˫ǰһָµٶѾӿ죬ڳӷǰľ޾һĵ˵ϡ
ǼʶʲôɱǰᣬȻ˵ֶθʵԼ޾ʮˣһ˶סֱɱܲڵĽϡ
ӷڸͲȥܶھ޾ݣΪֻҪǾ޾ˣվΪģ;Ի
еĻһ޾СܵĲϣӷɫһݺ˵ȥɡ
ৣৣৡ
ǿĿž޾ڳӷĵϸϣȴһѪҲûմֻǰûͣһûƶͷ·һ̨ɱ˵ĻΪɱ˵ģ
ҵסϽеȫй
һӵʱ䣬ֻӽβǱߣ˼ʮ޾СܣϵһҲϰˡ
Ŵѧѧϣӷһ֮Ŵѧһˣڣ޾Կʱ򣬳ӷһ֮Ծ޾ϰٰѿķ棬䷽棬ӷ綼ֵ˵ĳڣΪǿ֮ԷԵѹһԵɱ޾Ѿûκһ˸ǰˡ
СǸӣˣϸ˻صܲ
ûг嵽ӷǰڼӷֶ֮ϽҲѾη壬ͬʱ֪ԼԲǳӷĶ֣ȥԼ³͸ЩصСһĺܲҡ
еľ޾һѷĳǵܲȥӷ粢ûмӿŲ׷ɱܵ˺ȻԸΪǾҪ׼
үǣСӡ
õϢһ˾ѾɱԼܲڵĽϣϰ˶סһˣ´󾪣Ҳʶһ£ĵһô
Сأ
үѾɱˡ
תȥͼһԼҪСԼΧţֻΧԽԽ٣ӵʱ䣬޾Ѿȫܲ˹
ӷ̧ͷһҹգʱҲˣҪʱŷʰ̯ӡ
ǹϽǹȫó
ǣү
޾ܲڣʮСóǹһ˭֪ӷӰһѾǰ
´󾪣ʱƴţԼҵңƴʱҲԼݳԼǰģѵǰСӸƴţһǴ˵еĹ
үСġ
һѽ˿ӷеĻѾ˶Ĳϡ
ģܿϧѡĵĶԣעҪ
㣬˭
ӷЦǵǸµʱٸɣΪ㣬ûʸԼҵ˭
ৡ
һ˫һ󷭰ף˵˵ϡ
Ѿˣʱһ棬󺰵סǹҡ
սӹǹܲȥͬʱӷѾʮóǹľ޾С֮ڣѻһַǳر㣬˫죬Щ޾СܵĶֻԼĲһ䣬֮һȣһɹ̵Һ壬ǵĺӿ˳
ħǸħ
һĻܲԼҲɱˣȴûɱ˵ַһͬʱеѵգ֮䣬ԼʮСѾµˣˣǶħʲô
ڰ칫ң˶Եķǳ꣬ȥ˽
֣ǣǻǿܰɣ
浽ôʵ
Ѿɱˣ
ôܣ˵ֻһ𣿡
ˣԲˣһħ



ĲҽѾİ칫ңӶܳȥһӷ磬ѾվĴ֮ڣڳӷΧȫǾ޾Сܡ
еĻһָӷѾֱӷɵ¥ڿӵǰ
ôɵģ⣬⻹ǲˡ
ӣˡ
ӷƶӵǰ˫ҲѾء
㣬㵽Ǻηʥʵ
ţȻҶѾɱǵǰһΣҾװɡ
˶٣ӷҽܵҽгӷ硣
ӷ磬ྩѧǸܣôǶˣ
ҲǶˣǶǸҶ˶Ϊң
ӷһЦ˿̣໥һۣʵǶͷϴ󣿡
ûӣҲðȥ˰ɣ
ӷ磬Ϊһ֮Ҿ޾Ҹ㣬ǡ
ৡ
˵꣬ӷѾһ˹һû˿λȴƫƵֱĶͷϡ
ϵ£˫ķǳ󣬶ͷüĴһѪۣѪۻڲͣ졣
顣
˵˵ϣѪӿģģΪˣѾ롣
С
ֱӴסˣԼĶԼǰôңΪ׵
ڵҪ׼浽ıԵ˭ηµġ
ӷ磬Ҹƴˡ
ƴ㣿
㡣
һ֮㣬ɳӷͷҲûأһѻֱӳ涪˹ȥ
ৡ
תһȦص˳ӷУӷ˫һЩСȻȥ࿴һۣе˫ѾͬʱĲϡ
ͷɽʤһССľʾɡ·Ѿͷˣ±ӣڵΪͲǿϡ
ĵĽϣ޾ƴɱţڣپҲû֡
賿㣬ĽϵĴƴѾ˰ȻҲʱһĶ˶޾˫м䡣
ǣǰͷ
Ҳ֪޾˭һһʱ䣬޾ȫֹͣ붫Ĵսһȫ˵ϵǿͷ
ûͷ⸣ڵȻͷ˸ȫʬ˵ͷ׵˴ϡ
ˣڸô죿
ô죬޾ѾˣҲˣǣͶɡ

ĸλ磬ͶˣͶˡ
پʱ߹վ˶ǰ˵ҾǶپڣҾ´Ǿ
˶٣پеսһӣݺ˵Ϊߣһͳͳɱ⡣
ǣִ硣
һҹѪϴźڵ


293 ̽ɱ
ŵһսӦ˵ǡսֻ˵ǵġɱ¾ŵһҲûʮ˶ѣҲû̫ͽ޾ˣЩЧҵľ޾һҲûɱ˸⣡Ƕһ´ζ֣ྩļսһսӷµ˳߲βͬǳӷɱ¾ֻþ޾ɽʤǼһʾҲɣˣڵڶģ⻪ĺڵ˭֮ΪУ³޾һ
ͯʤһʱڵϴƴ˼ʮ꣬ɽãҲ˳ʤ
ڣɽͯʤһӵǱߵϢ˾ҩƵģ˫Ҳ֪Щʲô
ӵϢֻ첻ʱ䣬ͽ޾Ҹˡңεֶ֮ʵľЩҵȫɱ⣬һҲû£Щľ޾ҲѾٻڵˣǶڼﲻҳţ·˸ԼǰǾ޾ˣΪǵǸԼ´ͨ뺣﷢֣Ǿֻ·һ
ͯʤһվǰԼսӵŵϢʱҲǽŲԣҲ޾᲻Լʤİǵ³ֻ᲻Ǹǰ֮
ͯʤһ۾ԵĺΣ
⻪ǰһŵľ޾ڶڣǿڵڶľ޾ȫˣĿֻ꣬᲻Լأİɣ
ڸô죿
ͯʤ˶ģ˵黹û֮ǰȲҪ룬˵һССɽҲȤңҲɵǰΪ˲Ǳ߶ϣûǼģڣһҲῼ⣡
ͯʤ䣬һСܴ߽˰칫ң˵ྩһ
ʲô
ͯʤ͵վҲ̫죬̫˷ʤ˰ɣ޾𣬸ĵ̻ûȶǱҲûȫܸĵ̣ôôԼʤˣ
ǶҲ³һôĻҪô̵ʱھͳ£ǵθڿ治һĴѽ
ͯʤСܵݹһʵڲȥҲ˵ȥϵһս飬Լһ򿪣ͽӭ޾ǵ³
Ѿ͵ˣѽ
ͯʤ˿СܵݹĴһ
ս飬ⲻǶԼʤµս飬ֻһͨѣ
ʲô
پµģԼǳʤƻᣬൺţϦ֮ҹۼྩĶܲһᡣ
Ҳ̫ˣȻֱԼǵǵܲȥѵǾͲֱ𣡡
ͯʤЦһ£˵ֱãڵĻ˭Ǹ£
ѽڵĻڵϣ˭Ǹ£ǽ˰ںȫҹȥǰˣ˵ˣ
پԼǳϦ֮ҹۼܲѵһ겻ɣ
˼ѾˣҪưԻԳƻڵǾǻˣЩɣвģϦ֮ҹҲ֮ʱ
ȥǲȥ
ǳʤ޾֮ϣǵȻȥǣ
˶٣ͯʤ˵Ϧֻʡʮˣȥ׼һݺ񣬵ʱһͬǰྩɣ
ҽԺƵĿǰΪֹʲô֪ҽԺЩˣҲѾӰˣ
֮ʹ˵绰ĸ׸磬绰ʼնͨ
׷ʲô£ΪʲôһҲҲ
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294 
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ӷ磬ʲô뵽λ̫үҿ֮ѽ


295 Ī
źڵϵڶ̶һ֮ھѾƽǰϵ飬ŵЩԱҲɵ˵Ϊ뷽ͻи߲㵽Ļĵڶ飬飬ŵЩԱ»ӡ
ȻȻʯžеģǸʡȻҲвٵĹԱЩУȴûԽλʡίǵӰϾʡô󣬲ܽеȫõŵιչϣԽҪʯҲһ仰飬ûҪʱܹ
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Ϊ˽ǵ˵ͷû˵ӣȴ΢΢һתͬʱҲѾתΪԼ˵ԱߣͬˣҲͬһ꣬һ˸һŮˣ˫Ըͬġ
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첻меʱҪһ飬ģһӸֶΣΪҪġ
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޼ΪǸŮˣһѣһûĻӦϵھĸ֡
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赣ֻȣǺεȵ磬εȵǿ󡣿ɾôһǿķޣȴڶʮǰһжϵֶϽʹǷûˣʮꡣȻ£֪˲ֻ࣬ǹԼһزžġ˶ķޣٴγɽΪģֻԼͽܱ𣬻ǵͽģǾӲܶΣȻʮǰǸҲأҲûȥһǶʮӣôҪһ
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298 
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ѾչݸΧŸҲѾȫֻšſڣվʮþǹľˣЩҲ֪չ飬֮ǰΪӷˮ𶯣Ҳչ˸ƽԣչδʽʼ֮ǰ˷ľ˸ɽ֮⣬˭Ҳǰڣʱ䵽ˣҲҪ뺯Ȼͨص֤ܽչݡ
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ĴţʹĸǴ󾪲ԣ˵ǺõĲ黵飬ʲôʲôʦ֣ڸô죿
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ԭ۵ӣǾˡ
޼ûֱӽ뷿̫ಽվ˽ŵĵһλãĵЦ
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ү˵ǻɽˣҲ˵ЩˣӦȫǻɽ
Сڻ޼˵꣬ȴһ仰Ҳû˵
ûʲôֵģˮԭǻɽ͸ɻɽ˱ҲǺġ
ԭ޼Ѿ֪ˮһܵӣϢԴһڵôѽıӦûʲôֲŶԡ
ǵʲôˣȻһɽΪˡʵ
˵ôأһ޼㵨ٴҲΪѽǰֻ뿴νʯʲô֮ѡ
޼Ƕҵĵ̳ˣʵû뵽ģȻǶ޼ӣһأѹˣ
ӣģҿɲΪУûֱӵǻɽǵҲҪҪģʯѡ
ΣǶˣʯע⡣˵
ӣӦöǱˮס˰ɣԼ嶼ƲˣʣʲôԸң

ͻأ֮⣬һЦ漴һ˵˵޼㻹ͦٶȵ𣬾Ȼһ
һʹԱ߻δ޼ֵĳӷ󾪲ԣ
ôҰɣǷ죡
ʱԼɢδָһʱһˣԽԼɵ˵Ƿ޼ˣɶԼĵˣ˶޲ýԼʮ˿飬ԼĿǰ˵Ҳû˿ֵأ
үЦǲǿ̫һ㣡


299 ⻤
״̬õ£Ƿ޼ˣӷҲ˿ηġڣӷɢվûˣʱ򣬷޼ܹǳӷԵΣңӷҲ֪޼ȻˣҲһǵĿĺԣҪˮһҪϾһδˮעģԲˣ棬ƻһĸ׼֣
޼ڼ쵽ҲѾС׽˷䣬Ȼû޼пˮ˰ھĸָ洽˷䡣
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죬ĿǲҲѽӣǽ죬һҪֳˡ
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޼䣬Сͬʱǰվ˻޼ǰ˰ھŵ洣ͬǰСԡ
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300 Ѫ
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Ϊ˳ӷ󻼣ΪԼűڣ޼ò֣³ӷء
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˶٣Զɽ̾˿˵Ѫˣ
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һֻѪѰɣǾѵһǰ࣡Ҳãӷ粻ᱻɣպǿˣӷ糹׽ѪѰɣ


301 
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󸲻ѣӷ綼ǣ֮ǰԼˮıĶˣ
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һˮγɵֻס˳ӷһˣûסǣǻˡ
ӷ磬ҷһɽģˮҶ֮ӣǳ׽ˣ
涪һݻûȥ飬һ˷䡣
鿴һ۳ӷ磬˵ҹ澡ǿߣӷ磬Ǻڡ
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󸣬ʲô취ĶƳ磬һǶġ
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ӷҪľۻʾӵĿǰļޣˮˮеٵȴû뵽һֻɫצӣˮڳ˳һצͽӷץסˣ
ãһҪƾˣСӣϿ취
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֮ס
飬飬顭
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ӷ׵һˮ֮ϳһѺۣӷһ˵ʲôƨǼһûУˮˡǼһҪˣ
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ӷţҪƳȥˣ֮£ӷ罫Եļһ𣬳ⶪ˳
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302 Ȩ
չʽʼڶڸʡڶ쵼˵ͬ£չſڣ˭֪һ޴ıըʹľȫȴѵصĳ嵽˹ǰ
ʮͷĹԽ꣬ҲΪ˳˿Ȼʡе쵼һŵһڹƵģȫȥԱֱչſڣʵʲô£
飬Ҳ֪淢ʲô£ⱬըһչڵİȫʩйأĵһᣬ̽ȥ鿴һ
һһ񣬾Ҫľӳչݡչڣһʲô⣬ڳκһҲѸϵ
齫һ˵ǹ˹˵ȲҪסţչĳȫҷ
飬չĳͱˣֻһڡ
ɳĳڣʣµȫ棬ûҵ˭Ҳܳչȥʧ
ǸԽĴ󽫣Լš
Ȳչڵ׷ʲô£ֻҪûһоͺð졣ҲѾ뵽һ˴⣬ըĶȽľ˸ңǿ׵ܡµǲչڵ͵˿ܵĻᣬֻҪеĳڸţԼţ͵ˣҪǾԲܵģ
ΪԷһתʵ˭еĸˣ
һսս˹ش飬ңίǡʲôָʾ
ϽеĹ侯ӣΧļֵȫ⣬ΪһʧŵĻվ;սͷȫҷҪ죬һͻһأҲ뿪а벽
ǣȥ죬ģǡ
ٷϻȥ졣
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չΧȻˣҲȫǹⱻļαΪ˰Щ˵ģԸ쵼ȥǽ˵չڷһС£չ¼Ҫӳ١
Ⱥ֮Уһ˫ۿչݿţȻ໥һۡ
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ЩûϵǵĿģɱǸгӷСӡͷӣ㿴ûУ
Ȼ˲ྩѧģԲд
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ৣৣৡ
ͻأӰչֱٶ֮⣬ʹЩͨǰһֻʲôԼǰƵġ
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գ۾Ѿˣһľ˾еľǹΧȥÿһ˵ɫǷǳأѵЩˣǴ˵еرʿǰڲʱ٣죬Ǽʶˣ
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ӷ絥һӣŭȫҹ
Сӣ㡭
ס֣ȫס֡
һչڳľȻǳӷ磬ǰ˸ƿȫҰǹ£
䲻Ҳò£Ͼ߸ˣĵڶ飬ǲҲ
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飬ôˣɽȫˣ˽ͽҽԺˣһγϵĶӣҪտˣʲô⣡
ڿɹܲγϵĶӣʵӷ磬ǹأ
绰裬˵һСģѹˡ
顰һеľͬı鿴ųӷ磡
пѽҵ̫үɱңҿɵѽ
ӷ磬㲻˵Цɣ
ûʱ˵ЦͽҵԭתͿˣȻ绰Ұ֣Ұֻүүһˮ˵Ҳû˼ǿˮӦòᱻֵģ
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ӷ磬ȹ˵꣬Ѿʧ˹о˵ǰ
һתôʲô㻹û˵ǳûôˮأ
ϺĳңԽսӵĵ绰绰ԽɫʮֲҰף룬һɫҰ֮£Ƕѽ
顣
Խһƴϣŭ񻰣̫ˣСҲ̫ˣȻͱô¨ӣ
׳̾ҡͷ˵죬Ȼ鶼ѾˣҲ޲ڻǿ취ܲҵһͬˮɣȻοҪ˶ˣ
Ǳ߻кܶĹԱڵſˮأˮ֣ǻô˵ô룬֪
ӣץţǼУһҪӷҲץ飬ٰ棬Ҫ޷ˣ
׳̾˿˵ǼѾͷһյҪǵķҲˣڶ֪أ죬һ¹һ£ϴ绰ۣ߳үӣҹϣҲֻǳңҵĵˮˣ
ϺұпѽԽһ绰Լȥҿôˮ͵ȥѽ
ӷСӣǸ㲻ûȥٿˮʲô
Զɽ˵ǿУǲȥӷ磬£ǲ֣ӷ鷳ˡǱߵƸ죬⼸ϼһȻӷôӻҪģؼվⲻˣҳԶɽӣҲԲ
Ҳ˵óֻһ绰˵ҲʲôһСʱ֮ڣȫõˮȫõˮӹʦЩˮۼΪһȻˮκˣ˹󡣡
ڳ۹Ҷϵ绰һСʱ֮ڣȫ磬һˮռȳ
ţʮչʽУһļαʶйʯҲûκһˣ֮
ҵȨ֮󣬲֮ڴ˿̣չɣҲ뷽֪ĳңʮǰĳңʮǰĳңֲ֪ǿ˶ٱ


303 ֮
Žĳɽ⣬ӷ׷ﵽ˵أѾ賿ˣڰɽڣֱֶԼָĵط˵ģػǸ͵Ϯ˷ʤ
󸣬
ӷ˫۳Χɨţ˺ڰǺڰ˵ϢѾоˣ
ȱ𼱣ǼһһǶˣΪմˮڳûɻָ£ԲĶ֡
㻹ʲôȥҳϲĻһܵһͨҸ㣬ǹԽģ裡
˵Լ޹֮˵ӷȥܡԼĸһҲǽĹҵһԪףһҷʲô¼˭ѹ󣬻ԼĸԳӷ֮ǰδȫָ֮ǰ
һҪģֶͲӦôˡ뵱꣬ҲǳļһΪ޸ЩһԭαȽ˾޸ļһȣǿѽ
˶٣˵ǰǰڡһֻĳ֣пǵ嶥Ĵڣĸֱ֣ӽˣ̫ϧ
ӷ粻̫׽⻰ʲô˼ʵһ壬һ˵˿ϧѾĵʲô˼
˼ܼ򵥡Сӣû˵ʣ
ЦˣûȥһֻʲôѽԱ˳ţһַϾַϵҩ
ҸȣҿǸ߼ģ
ˣˣˣû˼
ҿûˣ㣡Ҫ֪ܽһֵֻĻǶ˵кܴġٽ˵Щ֣֣ܰԸǡ
ӷϸһ룬˵ҲûЩԼûһ˵ЩһǰѾ磬⼸ʮҲûһ̤ģȻû֪ԭ򣬵ȴûܱ֤Щպ᲻磬һĵˣӷ粻ǻȫΪԼѣҲܻȫΪԼĵˣ֮ǰҵһϵΪԼõĶա
˵Ҳԣܽһֻ֣Ƕ˵𵽺ܴİֻǣҪô
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ⲻ˵ϻ˻ƨѽ
Ц֪ˡļһһص㣬Ǿǣ󣬶һ壬壬нᾧۼɵģֻҪܽշͻΪΪáȻֵļֵͬҲͬ
ץʱ䣬ֵļǵ˵
ļһΪĸʣۡΪɫǻûʲôãǽҲֻΪһװƷܰԵУΪɫԵеʱ԰ͨĹκεĹʣΪɫһ˶Եеʱʩչǰѧǳ󣬿ȴûʶģ򣬲ǱǵۣΪɫ㲻Ҷ˵һǰôģҲôģӣ˼룬Լ뷨ܶʱ򣬶ܰ˳ע⣬ԣڵ꣬Щֵ壬ҲץĶ󡣡
ĽóӷԼ֪Щ£߶ΪƽĿû뵽ǾȻɱ֮󣬻ץֵ壬ֻ˵νĳħֻһڣЩҪģֵ壬ֵΪԼĸսߣ
ǰЩߵ£ӷҲ֪ǰ飬ΪҪ
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ܼ򵥣ÿһֵֻϣһ飬ǱɫһֻҪˣֵͻϻ֮ΪΪֵԣܻ֮ˣΪǿģȻǿ֮ΪԼˡ
Щ³ӷδˣǰǸ磬Ʊ磬ҪʵĶ࣡
ǻûעĵط
ֵֻܹ֮飬ɱҲˣ͵ڰ׸һֵǳӲҲ˵Ҫеһ飬һϣûˣ
е鷳ֵҲվŲҴѽһ˵طǰ׸ɡ
ϻȻΪֵôץѽǰЩ߲ΪطֵˣΪΪֵɱˡ
ӷ籾˽һֵ飬ʱɽͻȻһǹȣңԶд򶷵
ӷʵô£Ϊʲôеڶ˳֣
˭֪ѽҲץģоˣȥ˽ָˣˡ
ˣǣڻ˭֪ѽ
ӷ粻ٶ˵̳ĵط˹ȥ
һƬʯ֣ӷվһŴ֮ϣִһָһ˳ӷ֮С
Ϊ⽫Χ˿̵ĳӷſҲֵӣǾȻһ߰ɫãӦǸʮҵŮ
ɫûгӷ繥ǳӷĶ˹ȥڳӷһʯϣվһŮˣŮ˻˿ס

ۿԩ·խѽȻǸŮʦ˵
ӷҲ벻ϴδԼܵǸŮˣҲǻ˰ϵһĸ֣֮ΪǧֹĲŮˣȻִ


304 ͵Ϯ
ǧֹԣһ΢΢Ҳ벻Ȼټӷ磬ңӷĿҲܻԼǾ˵ӷͬΪֶġ
ɫȫ¸µֻצǰͣİڶţٶȿƻȴǳн࣬ͷǶǧֹڳӷ֮ת˳ӷߡ
ҽ첻ɱ㣬ʶģ뿪
ӷкڹһһϦħ˳ӷǰ
һֽһϦħʣǾһ춯صɱϺһսӷҲ֪ԼħôҲɱǧֹģ˵˫޷ɱԷ£ӲҪսǾ˷
ǧֹ˫ָһѷɵ˵ӷ磬Ȼɱ㣬ҲɱҡֵδָҶɱˣβ֣˵

ӷһЦ˵Ȼ֪Ҷɱ˵ģΪʲôҪ֣㲻Ƕһ𣿡
ĿĻ벶ץֵ壬ҵҵĻҲ֡
ǧֹ˵ûֵ֮󣬱Ҫһ飬һǴ˵طֵҲˣӷһ˶ûʲôղץֵ壬οֶһߣ
СӣҿͰ˵֣Ƚ֮ٶԸҲѽ
Ľӷ绹ǿԽܵģǧֹˣҲԼĶ֣ѵԼԼһֵ岻ɡ
ǺãͱһΡֵʵ壬Ҳȸ㶯ֵĻᣬܷҪԼıˡ
ӷɵ𣿾ԲɵȻ⣬ǾȥɣһһƴһںֲֺΪء
ӷ磬ҲҲ̫ƽϣֻҪ˺ףֵʵ֮ʱԳ֣ʱͿ˭ٶȿˡ
˺ףʲôЦŮ˿Ǹ֣ڽֵ壬ɱԼˣһѰҲǰٷ֮ʮŵģԼڰ֮󣬸ȥֵ塣
ܾǧֹ飬˾ȽܣԼֵ塣ɽȴ˵СӣڵΪѾ𣿵Ůʦȴ֪ʱֵһŮʦİһڰ֮⣬̼ϵģסŮʦİпܡ
ѽӷôˣԼڵΪɵ˾龳磬׵ľ룬ѵϲ
ٸһᡣ
ӷȥͬʱǧֹеİҲѾ˹ȥûȥܳӷ磬Լٶȣֵֺ󣬳ӷǾԼġ
飬飬顣
ɵǧֹʱȻðı仯ϰٰѷɵЩɵӵ㣬ûֱӹ֣ΧֵΧͣתš
˫ɫצӳͣİڶţȥֵסǧֹķɵٶ̫Ҳ˵ûȫָ֮ǰٶȸͿ첻
֮ĳӷһʯϣǿϷƵĿǰһĻ
Ů˵ķɵҵġˣȻתġ
˼רҵĺòãƷãҪȷɵĻҲԲĶ֡
ҳϣڷɵҵȷôһǺ֪˵Щʦô뿪Ǹʲôؾģ
֪ȥԼǲ֪أ
ҲգȻ֪ǾȥˡʮˣӣǵֵסŮ˵ķɵӦϾҪˡ
ϣѾˡûָֻҪһ˶ûСӣûУͷѾˡۿ⣬ɫģֻѽ
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󸻰䣬ӷȻͬʱɽ֮ϵҲѾγһŮӵ״Ưɽ֮ϡı󣬾ʹŽ˵顣
ǧֹѾ֣û̷ų𣬿Ӧ뿿һ㣬һٶ֡
ɳӷᣬӰҪƶͻȻҹ֮УһѰ׹ͳԼȥ
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ӷ̳Աһǰ׹ͳֱӽӷվʯը˷顣
ʲô͵Ϯңҹ
ҹ֮УһһӰ£վ˳ӷ档
ӷ磬
ϵɽ֣ӷһǿھǹ֣


305 һһ
ۿѾˣΪؼʱ̣ӷǧֹһĻǧֹİֶΣһᱻģǳӷɾͿæһˣ
Ȼ˵ǵƬɽֲ֪ɱϾ֮ǰչ˵ͷڶˣ㵽֣ڶԲԼͬʱҲеΡ
˵ԳӷڵΪԿǧֹ֮ǰģ˭ĵ·ɱҧ𣬻ϼһӣѰģ
ӷʵ벻ףԼû߽ϳѽѵҵݣֻǿ׼ҵݣֻ̨̼ҵݣпܣڸҾͲ̫ˣΪǾɸֹҲԲ֮ġ
Ǻˣ
ӷ翴ϼһʵȻǲһͶԼ֣ƻԼĺ£ԼҲûҪǿ
˭֮һҪ
ϸ˵꣬һѻӷ繥˹
ӷѾˣϸ˵Ļ֮ǰǵԼǰʱģҲӵֹ˽֣Ǹˣǻ˰ĸ֣ˡ
ӷһڶѻ󣬲û̷ȻѾµ˶ԷݣڳӷԣҲûҪǶ֣ԼҲеģϾԼǵͽܣκεĳԹ
û´ĻλǰӦþǶʮǰĵħɣ˵ʦ
ͷ˵µûǷΪǵСͽˡӷ磬Ȼ֪ǵħȰ㻹Ǳ𷴿ΪãǷ޻ǿһȫʬġ
λǰһˡ¸ͽ֮²еô֣Ҳҿġ
ӷ磬ٷϻǷʮ꣬ΪľҪֳ˵һֻ֣ɡ
ûڶԣֱӳӷ˹ħҲǽ
ӷʮǰ񻰣Ȼ̫⣬˵ԼߣҪǿ󣬶ңΪҲѾ˾龳磬Ҫϼһ򷢵Ǽ̫ѵ顣ǣӷǳˣʱִ̫Ҳһ֣ӷҲķչҪȸĿҪ
һϦħħǰһӷȥϵĽУȴûл֡
λǰôģܲȽҵ鴦֮꣬һ˵¸˵ġ
ħûȥעϷǸ壬һɱӷ磬Ҳ޹ء
Ÿүȥ˵ɣ죬
λǰȻ˲ǾݹҲˡ
ʲô¸ֶξʹǸݺ꣬ѵһëͷСӲɡ
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ͬʱǧֹͻȻðǲųӷ磬ҲȻǳᣬϿ콫彵Ȼ뿪⣬ڿ׼Ҹӵĳĳ𣬾ֻеպҳӷˡ

ǧֹʮѷɵϷ˹ȥɫŮȴû˿㣬ھͷ·һ;ĸ㣬Ѱһؼҵ·֪ΣգûȥںôΣգԣԼѾˣҲںһˡ
СӣٲȥǸŮʦˣ
󸶼ɫ壬ʵģǰʵҲǼΪټУҲѽһֻʸõĻᣬʵδָ֮ǰˣҲѾˣûܽ併Ļɱֱӽڶﻹпϧѽ
ӣǲˡ
ӷ罫еһϦħǰһħͬʱλ˵һ飬˵֣ҿģȥĻͱҰνˡ
ɫһ䣬ڽħͬʱ˼޶ʱע⵽ӷеĺɫ
ν飡һϦħ
û뵽ϼһȻϵһϦħ
ӷе⣬ҲԾϾһϦħԼľŹùõģԼλײβľŹùѾ£⵶ħǶʮǰĸ֣ϵһϦħҲûʲôֵġ
ħ໥һۣ˵ɫԽӵѿڻʲôƵġ
ճʲôϵʵ
ҸûйϵΪ֮޹ءһΣ·ãǲã
ħеԥν飬֪֮ĻҲֹͣ¶ԳӷĹɫҲѿ
˵ҾͲţͣȻħ
ӷЦЦ˵λǰĴҲŹġڶʮǰλǰȷ߳Ƶʱһˣ£ҲѾĳλǰе֪֮ĻȰλȥҵһһն죬ʬ޴档
ٷϻȻ˵ᡮնνǾǼʶһ£ν֮Ƿȡӷ绹ǵһƺţأǾŹùóˣ
һţˣʨÿһ˶Լ硣Զɽֱ֮ΪִĲүΪϼ޻Ͳ˵ˣʲô£Գ֣Բȥѹˣ⼸ʮҲû֪ԶɽǲǸͨˣʨۣʮǰŰ裬Ѫȵֶ˫ȾѪΪֹ˸֮ԣΪŮȴһ£ս¸֣Ӳͬһط죬µĸҲ֮ߣˣŵˣû֣һ㣬ħ㣬֮Ϊ
ӷһ䣬һֽס˽ԭһӰʵȴѾ˰֮С
ͻأһ޴Ŀ糯ħϯʹеվŽš
ǿСӣҲǸߣ
̫ţѵСǳҵˣ
ܲôˣ죬һҪˣͬھ
Ǻã¸ʮ꣬Ƿ޾һε走ɣ
赣ֻܱȸߣô죬ӷһɡ
λаɡն죬νն

һǿҵĺɫ⣬Ӱгĵħȥ
赡
һһϳʮΣҪȥֵסӷһ
ǣӷһնֶ֮ľ֮ʣħֵܵסǲҲħ
ܣԲܡ
̫ţ
ħһƽƿͬʱǵصĽħ
ͷӡ
ܣסǧΪұˣҵˣǲ𡭡
顭


306 
죬Ҫţ˵ĻһҪ˵Ҫʬ޴棬;Բһ
ұ˼ɱ֣ɼȻҪѰ·Ҳ͹ֲˡ
ӷһֳֽһֻֻ˷ȡ¡ָָǧֹ
պлˣһὫǵѶģǶϣͰ·ɡ
һϦħһӣڵȴޱȵǿ󣬳˹ȥ
˿̵ĵѾû˿ˣԼɷɱʬ嶼ûˣһ˻ϣҲѾûʲô˼ˣ
ͷӣⶼҵĴɽĺúõģȴӲҪܳģ㣡
ûб۾ǿԼڹ⽣һ̣·˺ܾúܾǰ飬˵ʮǰһǷҹҹ񻰣죬ӷ磬ȴһǷ뿪磬Ҳɣ죬ǳΪС
䣬ϲκεĳ⣬ЦڳӷһԼ֮ǰ˵ӷ磬ｫ¸ˣúõĹⱲӰɡ
¡
նħȫ³Ѻۡ漴һ屬ը龰֣
ӷ˵ͷһϦħһգ˵и˵ԭ򣬼ȻɱǣǾһҪ¸ˣôͲܿƵ˵ˡλǰһ·ߺã
δ꣬δգӷ绹ֹͣѻ˷ȳͷһ٣ʱ䣬ɽֵҹоۼһƬƣӷֿطȣ壬Ρ֮Ϊá
飬飬顭
֮һ׵糯ӷȫۼ˳ӷķ֮ϣʹĳӷȫһǿҵ׵Χţڳӷȫ
ۿڶ׾Сӣʲôʱɵģ󾪣û뵽ӷȻˡ׾ĵڶ㣬յĻ˵λ
еʱ򣬹һҪģΪҪڵΪѾľ龳磬СľۻʾΪӣڶ׵磬˵е׵ӷ編ϵ׵һ𣬳ӷ׵Ŀһ׵磬ǧֹ˹ȥ
׵ͬʱ£ǧֹͬ׺ΧŰ㣬ͣţ޷ȥЩɵ
аĹӷ磬Ȼа
ʲôθɡߣûһк³ɱ㣬Ҳܵġ
ã
ܡ
飬飬顣
ǧֹڸ޷׵׷˵ȥˣ
ҵùӷ磬պ棬һծġ
ծһȻ£ڶڡǣԼİɡڣҲȷֵİɣԼ˵ĸǷƵģŮѽŮˣ̫ˣ
Сӣ׷ˣҲɱϿȥ塣
ӷ罫һգͬʱҹеʧţӷ˫ðǿҵĻ棬ҽȫгһֱߣáľۻʾƶŻ棬׼飬͵Ĺ˹ȥ
ۿô붼ѽһãϿɰæˣ
ûаյ飬Ȼã壬ж𣿡
ԭڳӷ緢һ֮ǰѾԼסˣҲ˵һҲˣȻˣԼĴ
γһֱ֧ϵ飬ǿĹʱǿϵ顰ॡһ˿
ɫĴɽ֮Ͻ£˵ϣɫ壬ɫĳȫɢɫĹâòҲǾ֮óӷڵ￴Щ֣Ͼ֮ġ
OKˣѾɹշ壬ΪˡСӣȥɡ
ӷĳȥҲûһ˺ɫ۾Լĳӷ磬Ҳû˵޷пκζܾǽ˵ɫ壬ûʶģֻ֪һζս֡
ӷվǰȥһ壬ȴ㣬ʲô
ѽ
ⲻǷϻ𣬲ܱ㽵
Ҹô
ʲô˼ɲҪңôĹ㲻Ҫˣ
ɵҵ˼˵һô۵ĶҸôȥղ߰ɣĻ˲ɣǱģ
򵥣ֱӽڣΪһ壬ĻֻҪҪһͻֵġ⣬ȻûһʶȴԸоΣյĿֻҪΣտ㣬ͻ㾯棬һΪĳЩ޷Ե˽йҲԶֻġ
ҪôܽҺΪһ壿
۾ԣԽԽãͻԶˡ
ӷ簴ս˵߽壬Ķ˫ԣ˾롣
ͻȻɢǿʹĳӷ˫۶Ӧˣıϡ
Ҳڳӷ۾֮ǰѾΪһ⣬˳ӷ˫ۡ
۾֮Ҳڻ֮
ӷٴ۾ʱѾˣӷ˫飬ȴΪɫ

ԱߴЦӷʵЦʲô
ڵ̫ЦˣüĴһѪۣͷ·еֻ۾Ҫһ˫ۣȴΪɫֱֵ𣡡
ʲôҵ۾ɫѾĲ˵ô죿ôܱغɫҿйˣ˫ɫ۾үү⹫ǿˣѽ
û취ֻܵˣӦ֮۾Ȼغɫġ
Ҫã
ԼһҰɣ
ʲôЦ㲻֪ҴҪѽһ£ӣʱôˣ
ûϵԼ취㶨ɣ˯ȥˡ
سӷĿڴʼ


307 үﶨ
ǵѾûʲôˣӷŵҲˣ˵ǴȫʤڵΪеõһֵֻΪԼáǼг۳棬Ȼһʧûκһ˿˹м٣Ҳûκһɵġ
ӷྩкܶҪ죬Ȳ˵ģߵĶ񣬹ƾеæˣϾǳҸԼҼ̳˵Ļ̫ܣʱྩļα̳ЩĳƨļһǹҵĶ쵼ˣ˵ྩ棬ɲܳκ⡣
ĸɽˣҲǴ㵽ӷͶһ˷ྩȥˡ
յྩӷͽӵżĵ绰˵ǱߵĵӰΪʽۺĹϵԭҪúü£Ϸ۾βǼƬϵİˡ
ӰˣĹҲֻС£ͲҪʲôԭ˵ӷֻҪӳ֮ڵķӦ
ڣһ⣬żǳͷʹǾǣĻǱ߲֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬾ȻӰţĻǹأӰ޷ӳпֱϡ
һϢӷȻеջŵȫȨżһҵţĻǱߣڵӰ֮ǰӦȴͨϵôȵӰˣȴĻһӶò֡
⣬żڵ绰˵ֻм֮ϸĸ߳ӷ硣
ӷ֪µԣŽӰӽĵһƷһƷͳĻҲζŽӰ·ֱزۣԳӷΪȡʱ䣬˽þ콫ĻǱ߸㶨ֱӴһ⳵ȥˡ
ڽʱӷĹǷǳģһ㣬óӷ粻̫ףǾǣԱߣվˣЩ˵һű񣬶ļڵȴʲôƵġ
ιֵܣҿӦҲǸ߳ѧУţԵİɣ
һ˵ڳӷ𣬳ӷתͷһ˵˴Լʮ꣬պǲμӹ͡
˵ӷˣԭƸԱӣЩˣȫԵġ
˵ġ
ÿһ˶˵ŵĻҲòűˡֵܣʲôţ˵Ҳһʶء
ˣ
ӷеƣԵģҹģҲҪϰɣ⻰ʲô˼ѽ
˵ģҹġ
23ţûУ23𣿡
һŮְԱߵӷʵȴڳÿһ˶ʮ
λ쵼23źˣˣ
ŮְԱһеϣ˵Ǿ24Űɣ㣬Ҫ˵ʱ䡣
û˻ش24źҲڳŮְԱ˫۳ЩԵ˿ȥֻ˳ӷ֮⣬˵ﶼԵı
ŮְԱʵǲ24ţÿһ˶˱ıأ
ӷеͿԼһʲô24ˣԼɲԵѽ
ʵҡ
λ쵼24ţ԰ɡ
ղŸӷ˵˶ŮְԱ˵
ֵܣҪǵҽѽͨһҪҳԷ
ĪҪ˵Цˣ˵ˣ治Եģ
24ţɣԵ쵼۾ˣ˵ʱ䡣
ӷ籾ֱ˵ԼżģȻ飬ΪѣŵǲԼеôϸ񣬻Ǵ©
ŮְԱ¥һ칫ңźڰ칫ˣ˸һŮˣ˵ǰľ봦һŵӣŮְԱӷ󣬾óӷǵϣȻ뿪ˡ
ӷԵ쵼ȴһֱʵĸоҲ֪ĸһԵķҲҪһСӣԵ˺Ȱɣô˵ǲܿһ˾άȥģôһ˾ҪԴԴϵѪҺ룬Żһһǿ

ߵʵƵģ࣬ȴû֮˷ϡ
ȻѾ˳Ȼɡ
ҽгӷ硣
һϲͣųӷ֣˰죬ûҵ
ˣԱҿһ£û֡
ӷ˵Ǵˡ
ǴˣҲ˵ݹһҲϣԵı񶼻Ǵǹ˾ƸĻôȥպĹ˼ûͨһصԡ
˵Ҳû˻ûţԵı񶼸Ǵˣ׵ˣպôãţɲˡ
ӷȻԼİ취˵ǴȷҵĴǾ͵ƾһ㣬ȡҵʸѵǾͲΪһС£һΪ׬ǮĺְԱ
ӷ˵Ҳûһȥ϶һ˵ĻҲ̫ˣһԣȴ˴ԱǾͽɨس棬֮ܵĹ˾ȥˣǸ˾պŵĵˣ˵ֱһ󽫸Լĵ£ѵ
Ȼÿһ˶ÿһ˵뷨˵ᣬǲС˼ûͨ
˵ҲûƸְԱҪΪ˾׬ǮΪôһС´һְԱĻǾ̫ϧˡҿһ°ɡұߵ˵ŮˣȻ˵м䣬ȴûзκ
еıһǲˬСӸòݰɣ
ɫʱһ䣬˵ʲô˼
ûʲô˼û˵Ȼ˵һ£Ҿһΰɡ
½Գӷ˵ˣҾȲˡڣȻش⡣
ʣ
һõְԱҪһҹ˾㡣һܼ򵥣Ҳܻ⣬ȴҪһĴ𰸸һĴ𰸡
ȷȷһǳҲǳ򵥵⣬κһ˶ܻشȴҪ𰸣һĸģĺ˵ɷģȴȽ鷳ˣ
ӷЦһ£ӣԵĿһżģҲֻ򵥵ӵĴ𰸣
޷Ǿġ̿ࡢŬѧϰ˸֣Сѧûʲô𡣡
ʲôطϰ࣬Ƕ飬ģҲǹؼģǳӷ˵˸֣ûһɣֱС
ʵǷأ
ǣѧ˵ӣʸ˵үү
˵ϸһ㡣
ʲô˾ʲôλϰˣȫҪӻ𡣶Ҫӻ𣬳˳Կ֮⣬ҪĹ˭Ҳı䲻ˡЩܲˣͻְˣˣߵʲôطгͷ֮յģΪĹҲĹ򡣿ˣƾŬһһ¥ֱ߲㣬ǸʱͲܱ˵ˣǸܣν˵ӣ˵үү
ӷĻԵ쵼һһ㶵ģû뵽ĻһĿ˵
һүﶨɡˣ㱻¼ȡˡЦ
һ¡Ҿãûͨ
˵Ĵ𰸣õģҲֱӵģ̳Ϊؼ⣬Ϊʲôͨ
ûΪʲôεĸˣ˭˭Ҿ


308 ͷ
Ҳ̫Ǹ˰ɡһô꣬ôأ
Ϊӷ粻ƽҲǳͬӷ磬䲻󣬵˵Ļȴϣ˲ţΪ˾׬ǮģΪ˵Ϊɨسء
˵Ȳ˭ҵݣҲǷ֪ĿĴ𰸡˵Ͳʺǹ˾
䣬ųӷ˵ǿ˫۾Ǹйˣ۾ɫٿüģǵѪ۷Ǹ˴ɵģĲ꣬ǹ˾¼ȡ
ӷ綼¸ˣԼ۾ûԭɫüĴǵѪԼû취ȥˡĺһ仰˵Ҳ̫Ǹ˰ɣ
üĴ̥ǣǴɵġӷ̾˵ҲֻĽˣȻûн͵ıҪȵʱʱԼҪԼ⹫ĸȥԼüĴѪأóӷеͷʹ
ǡ
˵꣬ǶмŮ˵ͱˡһȽСӵϼɣ֮پò
ŮվߵӷǰʵˣǸմѧҵɣ
ûҵأһڶ顣
ڶΪʲôҪҹʵϰ𣿡
ǣҲŶһ
ʲôѧǹ˾ϵѧУҲ԰㱣һѧҵ֮󣬿ǹ˾ԣǸʱƵĻһ¼ȡġ
ӷȻĳŮ˻˵ĺ˼ѾˣǽԼˣҹ˾Լǽġ
ʲôѧǾͲ֪ˡ֪ǣǲ¼ȡңΪҵһˣŲôôкܶ๫˾ҪģǽңѵͲҵǵĶͷ˾ȥǵĶͷ˾Ը𣿡
ǺõģȴԴ󡣼ȻԣҲ˵۾ѡǵģӦ֪ŵãڵйļҹ˾ǿŶԿ𣿡
ŮЦķʵ
ȻУǽĹ̬˵УкܶࡣȻҲ֪εԵʵеĻڶ˵ģҪǵǣڽҹ˾·ƣţǵϰ壬ҲԲ鷢ġ
Сӣǹ˾Ȼǹ˾Ĺ涨ʵôҲ֪һ⣬Ӳܴʲô˵
ӷںǳҲ˵ˣʵλǰɣһ£ţʲô𣿡
ҵļֲʣڣȥ
һˣ칫ҵŴ˿
壬ǺûУҶ۾˺üˣڸֵ˰ɣ
һʮŮ˴˽еΪѣȳȥﻹû
ӷѾ֪һʲôĻڣҲѾʽˡ
ԭǵνԣڶѽ
Сӣ˭ѽСԵʱ䣬ȥ
ãܺãǳãǳ˺ѽ
̾ˣԼղҲ˵ˣˣ뿪һɣ
뿪һ㣿ΪʲôҪ벻ءֻûˣܲܽǵĵ绰һ£
ʵܲ˳ӷ磬ΪϹԼֶŮŪҲӷȥˡ
ӷϵĵ绰һ룬˵ǹ˾Եĵطӵʱ䣬ϸҹ
顣
ӷ罫绰صĹҶϣȻ֮ǰλһ˵ȵȰɣΪҪһ͡
໥һۣѲɣСҲڹ˾ǿͷСѽ
壬Сӿ湻קġҪѱйɡֶŮ˵
˭ӷʵ
ߣСӣҿɸ㣬ϹΪұ²ܣʶ˭ûá
Ů˴ķǳޣܲˣѿˣ˵ֽ˻Ƥ
ӷǿЦһ£²ܣǺһɣ
Ȼ֪ǻңҿԸ㣬Զܽŵġ
ѹԵĸˣԭǺһıõѽ
˿̣칫ҵִ˿ֻżææ˽һӷ磬żɫʱĲ԰ף룬ⲻǳʲô°ɣôܵԵĵطˣ
һżȻˣȫվ˵ܲãôˣ
żûߵӷǰ΢΢Ҫ˵ӷһʲôط
ûϰ࣡ǵ棬żɲƳӷΪ
ʮ֮ڳǰ򣬾͸Զʧ
ǣϽ
ǸŮˣڶɵۣ
ʲôѽôԼܲãǰģѵԼۣ˲Ӧõ
ʱӣ˷ӵӣһŴܽԵİ칫ңһͼԼıҲڳӷɫѿĲѿˡ
ӷڵϣһ仰Ҳû˵úһţƵżߣʵôˣ
ңһҪأһ͸˻ҩƵģֻûˣҽ󣬾ֱҪ㣬Сǲʲôطûãŭˣ
ңҿʲôûѽǲ⣿
磬СӾȻҸλӣ⹫˾λӿ𰸸ŵġ
һһôһˣ£Լɵùˡ
ұ졣
һСߵӷǰҪڽͣӷȻһž˺һĶϡ
һҽһһĽų죬ڵϣ˻ҷһƨĴӵȥӷ磬˵ϴң֪ˣ
һĻżû˵Сҵģ㵹ùҿɾȲ㣡
Ǽ´һ˵ŵĵڶѽΣеְԱڣ˭ʹˣҴ˵һ仰ǰСӣʲôѽ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡ӷ翴źһʵ
֪
òô򣿡
ô򡭡¸
£һ£ɣ꣬ʲôˣ
ԼȥپĹأҡ
ˣȻǰ
һ޳ˣ˵ϴִֶܻܲΣңҶסѽ
ȥƱȥο׷ꡣ
Ҿûˣңȥִ磡
һһסıãŭѾͷҿɱˡϸߡ
żʵǣ
λؼҳԼɣλһλŮʿ๤ͿˡżסͷҪ£ԲʲôʲôҪùҪ
ǣ֪ˡ
żת˵ȥµĹʣԺˡԼҲˣȥɡ
Ůһƨ˵ϣ£ʲôˣ


309 Ӱ
ǳӷһţΪӰϳ⣬ӷ绹治ܹ
˵˵ɣǱߵǸʲô
żİ칫ңӷܲõλϣżվǰ˵ǵĵӰ۾ˣҲ۾βֻȽһСͿѡһӳˡǣĻǱֳһ鷳⣡
ĻǱ㲻ʹͨ˹ϵΪʲôֻ⣿
ż̾˿˵Щ̰ٸ¡ұѾϵĻǱߵļ쵼ҲѾӦΪǵģϾӰӽ㣬õĻǱߵչˣҪӳҪʱ䡣
Ǿ͵ǮǣÿһжÿһеĹأҲںôһǮ
ǮѾˣĻǱߵľֳֳѾ񣬿û뵽ǣǵľֳֳȻǴ̨ģ͸ǵǮҲǺܴ󣬸ǵֳ뷨ˣе㿴ͽǮ˻ǵӰļѹˣ˵ʲôҪŶӣǵĹ涨
ŶӣҪɵʲôʱ򣿡
ʱĵӰ˵Ҫһꡣ
ʲôһ꣡ĵȵôã
ҲŻ绰ΪЩһΪǮܽ˵ˣĻֳֵѾǲӣ㶨ĻǵĵӰһ֮󶼱ӳ
ӷǿգԼǲٳϵЩ˶󽻵򲻵ʱӲ붯ĸ׵ĹϵڣǮˣӣùϵǲˡ
Ǹ㲻ЩٵģǮ¾ͺˣպҲٲĺôΪʲôҪΪ˵⣬ĴҶ鷳أ
Ϊ̰ᣬӼǮ˵ǸֳǸҪӻ
ҪܵȥҹĻֵǸҪӵľֳ
ɲأΪǸֳպྩˣֿˣ⼸֮ھͻྩģҪԶܾȥ
һС¶첻żѽż˵֮⣬Ͳܶȥ˽һ¹ٳϵЩ׬ǮҲͦ۵ģ
żЦҵǾȳģΪ׬Ǯһְ𣬲˿и
ż䣬칫ҵű˿ûŵ֣ɼ֮ˣûż
ţҽôˣʱ䣬ˣϸҴһ¡
żתȥһŮ˴˽İԱߵϣһͶ̥ӡ
ŮôżҲаƢֻǿЦС㣬ʵڲ˼˼Ӱ飬¸ˡڸ㱨أ
ʲô˼Ҫҵ¾ͲҪˣҿҲϰ塣
Ůߵӷǰ˵һ·߹ģˣ
ӷվ˵ҵĴС㣬ҪҪҰ㰴Ħѽ
ע⣬ǽ챾Сһλӵհɡ
֣żأ
ʲôк֣ǵ¾£ҵ¾ͲˡҲң棬ʽȫ׼á
ʲô棿ʲôʽ𣿡
ż˵С뿪һҽ꣬⼸ΪӰ飬ˣ
ڳӷǰ˵ģż֮ΪСģ˻֮⣬˭
ꣿСѣһ£һµġϵĵ궼ûãֿʲôѽ
˵з忴ţѾûȤȥˡպֽи˵ƽĻѵ˽ѽ
ΣӷŻСʱѽҲնؼңû뵽֮ٶȣͱŽ˻ƽƽ۾ŰĲˣ
ӷһתʵˣСѣϲʶĻֵľֳ
̫ףʶ
Ҳзݰɣ
ǵȻôѵ̣ҲԣһٿյɶҲҪˣ
㲻ȥ١˵Щеûģǹ˾ĵӰ˵鷳ȥһ°ɣ
ûʱ䣬æء
ѿɲɵһӷҪԼȥ£̾Ҫˣǰż˵ţתڵһͷ˵
żȻûҪŵǮԸ㣬ӷȴһ£ʵҪ٣
ڣ࣬죬ٶһ㡣
顣
칫ҵŹϣżЦһ仰֪ò˵
ʲô˵ɡ
ʵƴСȻʺ⣬ҽĻһģ
˼ǣǮ
ԵĻã
ӷЦһʵÿ𣿡
ѽ𣬾ԲܣԸ񣬾˵¾һҪȴã棬ģң
ȥɣǮܱõĶ࣡


310 ּͬѧ
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ϱһʵǲջƣлƴţ
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ɴˣĸ۵Ļ쵰ȻѾٸˣһɽڳУҵϴ绰׳ɱֵ̫ˣ


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ܵ¶ûеģҵ¶ִԱھưɣֳ֮ܶìܣȻ֡
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ȻҲ³ӷˣΪƴţһˣԼྩиȫһϣҲǻƴţĶ֣λǵСɲҵġ
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һƨҲҷţӷߵǴͷСǰĶʵ֪ΪʲôҪϵľٴ𣿡
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315 
ӤҰƴţˣܳӷôԣɻƴţҪѾͷ򲻹ҪӲͷƤӸһȻˣǳӷҲȥˣӤҰܲ˵ģ治ҪԼСˡ
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ʲôʱԼ֣ӷ粢ҲֻڸоʱӲѹˣڴʱ˳ȺڲԼŹأ
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ӷĻȫ໥һۡſɼȻǹȻҲѾ֪˳ӷݣڳӷ绰ҪԼڰԼѽ
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Ϊ쵼ˣҪΪҵĽ룬˭ܵģû˽ܣһ˳Ҿͻᾡȥģ˷ʱ䣡
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ûĵΪ飬ӷһ仰һ绰Ȼͳйδһλ߹ش󽫡Ѫػҹı߽ʮأ˺ۣ֮ܵ⣬˸ҷһ


317 꿪
ϰˣΪʲôӸ֡أΪѱŵĹɶֿһҽ꣬ϰ塣һΣѿûаǹģԼȫ磬ྩ֪Ƿ棬ҲõϢΪѵԺգϵһϵĳ֮⣬ʣ˭ȥѯʻѣЩƽǴġ
ȻС鳤ǲȥܣҲ֪߻ʵԶҲܲˣҲȻƴţǼҪˣ٣ϷѾμ˹⼸ӡС㣬ֺв˵ǡ
ྩһϣһҵ棬ҲŵĲҵѾѸǿаռ˴ĽǮ첻ʱ䣬ҽ꣬ˡ
Ϊ˽죬һһ֮ھʹ죬ʹȫǵŮٶ֪ЩͬиѹȥѾྩٳϵˣ̳ϵˣȫҪԵ˭͸ҲĻǾҪƵġ
ܶη˻ѵݣֻǿĴӦҲ˹̳ϵЩУżֽɫྩίǸгֻǾĽһۼ˻ѵĽ֮ڣ໥֮ʺãѵء
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ҲѽҪ֪ҵǼྩõһˡСһ仰ѵû˵һ𣡡
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ҲżĶˣӦ˵ĻΪ˻Ѻãѿ̫żŻд뷨ģ룬Ȼӷ綼ˣҲû취
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320 ز1
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321 ز2
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322 ز3
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ҹ˾Ĺģ󣬵ͦСģӻûѾôˣǷ飬ٹ꣬Ὣҹ˾ĸõġ
ӷվȺ֮ҲѾȥˣ˷ڵȺڶըҩƵģнС˾˵ĳ嶯
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Ⱥ£ԭӦ̸ϵģز²һǵȷǷȺڵǮҲȷǽӣھˣץģڳκһȺڣǽز˾ϰ塣
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˵ȸû˵ϻֻǮѡ
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ȫϸһ£ԼǮڱ˵ԷòĻѵϷԺȥԼͬһǮòأȥΣǮҲûˣ
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ϰ壬ƾʲô㣬ʲôǱ֤ͷ˵ĺô룬ֻԼ֪ѵǻܶʮСʱ㲻ɡ
˵ң֮޷ĻǾҵҲὫλڿһֲٵĻҵġ
˶٣ֲ⣬ԼѾ˾ҲѾ˰һҵʱܵĻǾͻ̳ΪȫͨһŮˣܵǵطȥ
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ϴЦݣӭŮˣ˵һйеĻгɣ
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˵гŴʲô£ǽȥ̸ɡ
ţǽȥ˵ɡ
гǰ棬˺棬ڵģӣӷ統Եĵط˵ĿǰֻӣԺܲүүǾҪܷȹѹˡ


323 ز4
£Ա˵Ҳֻ¶ܴİ칫ڣԱȫϢҲΪȺҪڿ֮ǰѾеԱȶеԱԼһεֻҪεȥˣӦеԱ֮ǰÿһԱ˫սġ
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¶˵ӷ磬ྩһ겻ôͱͨȥˣⶼʶЩʲôѽ
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324 ز5
ྩҽԺŽסԺȻҲҪŮŵģңⲡڻǴɫŮ˹ڱŽӸš
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˭ôӣȻǶ¡Ҫ֪һǼͬʱǮУǼгɾҪϼҳԼˡ
ŽǶྩزͷǷеǮȻҲܻ٣һǶǮУег֮λɾͱסˣǮһҲྩйегеء
Ǳû͸¶ز֮˵ĵϸԷͷӦòСĸðôķա
ڸô죿ѵ𣿡
ȻܣȻǱ벻ֻԼķˡϸϵһеḶ̌ҪҲӵˣ򲻵ӵĲϣҵ뿴ⷿӣô⣬ٴ绰ǼǸѣǲҪٽ۸ˣΪѾûκˣҪģǽ۸ѹȥѹıǱߵףʱزӵЩˣͬҪǮǵķӵġ
еΪѣ˵ţԱѽȻԽĹ˾壬ԼҲʧ޴ģ
Žĵģºȫķ۶ͳһˣǾͲκεʧˣұ󣬻һ˶š
Ӳ͸ˣŽ֮Щϻȫ棬ŽεӴ󣬶Ǹӡ
ϸ仰ҾͷˣǼѣҲᰴ˼ȥġ
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ӷ̾˿˵ҳ£е鷳
⣬ӷ˵ⶼʲôʲôѽ˵ܴôͱôСˣ
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Ŷûʲô˵Ӳ£ǾͲҪǲƴ֣Ƕһ
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̣Ұô꣬㶷͵ڸҰʱ򶷣Ҳ֪ҵױҰʱ٣Σͽ㣬֤һʵɣ
ţӷ˵һΣɡҵĴڣ㲻ܸκˡ
С¶˵Ǹ߲ңȻˣҲܽôڿʼǾԼˡ
ǺãδУͽ֮ǰ˵ЩȥɣƲʮСʱӣҪҵ˳ˣ


325 ڷ籩1
ڰ飬ż֮⣬˶֪¶ҲὫ¸κˡ
ںڵϣоǷ죬޼У̳ϵľУĿǰûг֣Ϊպ̳ϵķչӷܲһӿԼļɣԼûĻ㵽ʱԶɽҽӷӷҲǱסġԣһΣӷ֤Լ̳ϵʵںڵϴ
ϣӷһҹû˯ôȥɰһ̣ϾҪԸ˲򵥣ǿңǸ˳۶£ڵ̣͵ʱĳۣûʱǰѪ̳ϣʱĳӦòˣ֮ӷ罫ҪԵģǳʱӰӡ
һ磬Ů˶ˣ׼ȥԵ㶫ʱȴ֣ӷ絽Ҳû
ӷôˣƽǵһˣѵֹȥˣ˯ڻû𣿡̧ͷųӷķţΪסһ̫࣬ӷδҲڣܸӷסͬһ䷿
ϸû˯һֱڷ֪̾ʲôɵķڳӷĸڣ˻û飬Ҳʺסͬһ䷿
Ϸ˵һû˯ͣ̾˧粻ʲô鷳˰ɣ
ʲô鷳УҲұ˵鷳˭鷳ѽ
˵δءҾӷһηǳ棬û´Ļһʲô֮£ôġ
ɻ䣬ӷѾ˷ţ¥
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ô֪
µġ
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˵нزļƻָྩķ۳⣬ʱ򷳣ⶼ²ĻͲˡ
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Ȼ֪ΪʲôҲͲˡûһεսȷе鷳
սҲ˵ȥƱˣ
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Ҳһ˶ѣģҲ
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˵ûҿȥ׼һ¶ɣүү͵ྩˣɱ˼¸ӡ󡣡
̣Ǹ˼õļүүҲŮǸֻ῿ٻӵܰɣ
ǰֵ£ǰһִġҪó׼Ϊ˵ĲĻǶ̵ģ棬еƴңһ֪ҪãǸ𣿡
ԣ£ҲżҪ֪˲̸֪Ӳ֪ⱳҡҲ̶ƣ˵Ҹ˵ĲǶ̵ģƣһһǮóһϵҲҵӣѧϰһ¡
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ӷЦǵС°֮Ǽһ𵽳ȥҪĶԽԽá
ΪʲôЩʱ԰ΪʲôҪ򣬻ԽԽã
ΪЩܿҪǼˡɣûӣ֪ЩνײֻҪһ㣬һͥ˵ɺܴѹģԣڻûǼۣôٶȶഢһɡ
д󾪣ߣʵ뷢ڷ籩
ⲻǷϻ𣬸̶ڷ籩ܻӮ𡣡
ôһǮѵ̵淢ɣ
Ȼҵİ취װǵֲûɹ
ǵĵʱչĺţҲڵʱӷһǮһôļŸ㵽֡񣬳ӷȲΪҪչҵҲͲҪһǮˣʱչĺŵĿװǣһ׶Ρ
ףΪˡ˵һ㶼ûǳңۣΪԼһС£ȫľôң±֪ˣ͵űɡ
ܣҪܣ
ҲˣүүķɻҲ쵽ˣȥȥɡ


326 ڷ籩2
˽ƼңǸ˹ΨһһĻ˺ڵ壬ѻǳǿƣЩɣû˿η壬ЩЩڰ֯޷̤˽ְ벽ƼҸ˳ȥռڰһֵĵ̡
Ƽңй֮⣬ͬŰ˸ˣȫǱƼҵǿƵĸԸͶƼңƼҵμƵ㾭ҲûκεӣֻҪͶƼҵģκξߣ¡
Ƶ㾭ıˣԶɽͬеŴͣΪ壬ϲ潻棬ϲڱʲôı㣡ҲΪˣƼңĿǰüڰԷʲôֶȫˣƼҷء
Ƽô꣬ᱻЩһһپ𣬵ΪƼպķչӴǰΣƵ㾭ҲֻˣҲֻгҵĲܰƼҶȹһεΣ
ྩվڻſڣǴ̹ǵĺ紵ţȴû˿ƶ˫ֱŻ֮ڣȴûȥһΧȺҲûȥЩɫԸʵͬѩеһѩ˰㣬ĵȴƽΪ𾴣Ҳ֮˵
ֻ֮һװߣӻڻ߳Ѯͷ׷ȴǿ彡أһҲЩˡ
ڼ֮Ѿ¶ЦݣɵϣҲ¶ѵõЦݣӭǰŵǰʱſ˿ΧȺʵүүôһˣ
ûװţƼҵļƵ㾭ҲڵУΨһһĴС
Ƶ㾭ֻһӣȴʮǰˣĶϱҲΪһˣһִԣƵ㾭ǳ۰ŮʹʹƵ㾭ΪƼ֮ôҪտΪԼŮԱڵ֪ԶɽĳﻹʱŻԶɽģ򣬹ڵǳףƵ㾭һװͿԶɽᣬӲᣡΪƵ㾭֪һôĴڣԼŮһңպᷢʲô£˭Ҳ֪Ӳ֪ӷʵΣԳЩܷΪ֮
Ѿͷ㵱үүʲô쵼ˣ˹ѣбҪһȺ𡣡
ǣпܻɳɱ֣үү㲻ġ
İɣйǵϼңδĹڣˣǲġ
˵үү˵ʲôأⶼûˣʲôŵģ˵
ѾͷȻҲ᲻˼ҿ˵ѾгԶɽүүˣг۰ְˣѵ⻹ǳҵϱ𡣡
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үүʵǸͲȥȻʶӷʱ䲻Ѿ֪ʵˣںڵ̳ϣһֻڽԼصķǳã磬û֪֪ģȫЩ¡
Ѿͷǵһô佱һˣүү͸ҪȥˣƵ㾭Ůжǿ󡣡


327 ڷ籩3
ྩķ۴ʹȫǶ˶ѾĹˣȫ˼ⷿϡ
ܶྭȺѾһ׷ӣ׼ⷿۻָ֮󷭱׬ЩõģҲȫиѼܣǴĴǮĽǮ
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Ȼһǲģ̵ۣҲὫЩŷϣӲᶯŭġĿǰҪģֻҵ˶ụ̆ţֶΣҵ˶ԴǨụ̆ҾͲţԼļ涪ˣϰ壬޶ԡ
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̾˿ӷû취˭ճأ󶯾䲻ϣ


328 ڷ籩4
ز˾ѾûһȺˣ򷿵ȺѾز˾ְԱƵŽǱߣڵĽز˾ǳͺûзκƵģྩⳡزƣҲ޹ء
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ţûǽθġ
Ҳ֪ңܶˡȥһྩɣҪʲô͸ʲôܶǮҶУӣӶ𡣡
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Ǻãϸȥྩ
ֱûãðɡסһҪྩǱȶܸκβҵĻ


329 ڷ籩5
ŮһྩϢʹŽεЩϻȫһЩ򷿵Ⱥڣһ˵ŽҵŮһҲûκεĹ˼ˣһɹȳڶ̶̼Сʱֱ֮һ۷壬ĹԱˣţȥͨһĹϵϣܶ򵽼׷ӣʱԷ׬
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330 ڷ籩6
ϼܲйزİ칫ڡ
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331 ڷ籩7
̵ྩϢܿ鴫˿һŽ˵Ǵĺ£ɶЩҥԣȴһ˶˼ݶϼŵĻɡ
ȻڵĲ˵ԲȥںһʧģӲȥ룬ԼһྩԼϼŵĹƱִ⡣
һɫı۳ͣ˽ز˾ſڣ˾ڶĳŴʱ벻ǣӳģȻйĵز
Ҳڴ˿̴˾ȫְԱӹ˾˳ӭλز˭֪ⲻӭӣӭս
ϼŵܲãߣС˾ſһ֣ȺһļڽӵϢҲǰʱڸϵÿһý壬ⳡϷ
ز˾Ĺ԰ſڣƵ㾭ʵǸˣǹڵĵز
ɻشǵģ̡
۴ˣʵֻǣҪӵ¶ȷеЦ
үүȻҲ֪ʨǰЩ£ֶЩʲôݣҲ룬̣Ӧǿʨڶܳһˡӷ̣͵ʱĿʨȻҶӷţΣնȻеġ
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Ƶ㾭Цѳ۵Щ̫ˣүү֪ڳ۵ЩУǴεˡ
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үүҲ֪ȴ֪үүƣԶɽ̫ܲΪĳţصķǳָʲôʱðһţƵпǳ۵¡
үү˵ǿʨӷ磬Ǹպ෴ӷԼȫ¶˳ʨȴ£Լ¶ɡ
ȻôΪʨ۵ǿߵʲôطܸһ粨ôĵˣһ֣Ѫɺӣ
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ԿԶɽԼթΪʲôΪأ
£ҪȼթĺǿĶࡣʮǰ˶ƳԶɽΪ꣬ĲչǰʱѾ仯
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ϰȻ˵ѹ͸ĳΪˡ
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ɫޱ䣬û뵽̾Ȼ֪ڰԼҲɵ£ɲ˵
ϰ壬˵ʲôྩԸǹ˾ĻҲֻ˵ǹ˾ˣģҲ˵
̲˵Щ۴̵Ļǲݸλ
ǺãȻϰ岻Ըλ֣ĳҲֻܸˣڵĵز磬ĳ֮⣬ôڡ
˶٣˵֪ϰҹ˾Ӧûûаɣ
ʵǲ˼С˾ûеʸ񣬸ûôʽ𡣡
Ҳ¶Լ̵ǰҲں
ǺãȻҪǹ˾̫ӮҲʡҸһƽĻᣬǮǹ˾УһСʱ֮ɣ֮Ҫϰ屳ĸ֣Ŷٷˡ
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һûӦҲ˵Ѿ˳ſȥſڵʱͣһ£ת˵ϰ壬ϾͺúϢһ°ɣΪһ̣ҽǹ˾ͬĲڹ֮ǰǹ˾չʱԸĻԵ򹤣ԸĻҲ뱻˵лһǮúùŮ˸ùȥɣ
뿪˰칫ңʵС̸ղŵĻ㶼ˣǽô
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ʲôСղ˵ʲô
ŶûʲôͰ̵Ļȥɣп֮ǰǸӣġ


332 ڷ籩8
ӷһ̸֣˽Ҳʹ̲һеҪչز˾һһƽĻᡣ
̵Ϊӣȴô룬ҲѾкܶΪսС˾ϼŲ˻ɣѵز˾ģ̵ݸλֺαΪһЩ֮¶ŭأ
һʱ䣬ྩȫеĿ⣬̵ϣЩССĹ˾Ҳ뿴֣֪̻ô³Щ̵ֵһôĳ̶ȡ
˵ڶ죬иոտ̣˾ĹƱҲΪ̵ĹϵʽУⲢص㣬صǣڽиտ̲һСʱʱ䣬ϼŵĹƱȻȵµྩŮд󾪣ҵ̡
磬ˣ˾Ǳ߳ˣ
һνӣ˵ʲôţǵ˼ĹƱǮһ𡣡
ǡ
ÿǣһѣǹ˾ĹƱٵҲԹ˾κεӰ죬ֻһҾܽлָˡڣҪģǽز˾֮˸ƳҲ뿴˭ôĵΪС
̲Ὣ˵һĵز˾һټң̵ƨ㣬ģǽز˾ҲǸˡ
磬ҿûǸҪֱӽС˾˾ˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ãڵݸλһֱӽС˾ˣô˵ңڸǼС˾һλᣬҲԸͬʽԣҥٶ࣬ǽǶǹ˾ɰˣ̣ͬۡ
ѾǶʮǰˣȻʨ䵭̣ȻҸʮǰһκ¶Ҫȥ˼ôȥ˵ԼҪģһһԵ
ȻˣҲ˵ʲô磬ܲʲôɣǲҰʲôģߣýΡ
˵µԴѾ֪ˣξͲùˣʲôȥʲô⣬ãȥ׼һ񣬽ϣȥݷһˡ
ݷã磬ûɣྩ˭ֵȥݷõѽ
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磬˵λ̫үྩ𣿡
ţĿǰྩѧ飬ӦѾżˡң߾ӣŷݴ񣬿ɲܳ⣬Ҫ֪֮н죬ǵʨģӳиҵҵˡ
Ǻãһ׼һõ͸ģͲòˡ
֪֮ˣλĻڶ¥ĳ嶯ˡҲ˵н죬ǳ۸ģûгۣûң
ز˾İ칫ڡ
Сǹ˾̵ǿʽ£ѾʽˣǸô
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ʲôʲô
İɣ̴ˣҸұ֤δĹ˾֮ǰͻֹͣģֻҪܽʱӵḶ́ȴ޷Ĺ˾չĻһ̣Ӯˣ֮Ĺ˾ȫҲ˵Ϊҹز㡣
Ǻãһжġ
ȥְԱˣʱеְԱűҪţǵķɶһҹ˾ˣЩˣҲûˣȥҹ˾ԽڣҲҪµʱ䣬֮ڣǽ롣
ʮ̵ǿƽѾˣز˾ͬʽչز˾еĹƱ
ߣȻǶǿĶ飬ʽͬ棬ȴû̵ʮ֮һǿ
칫ҵĳӷ˫۶ŵϵվȴǹУһţȫš
ʱҲˡ
ӷ罫еĸֱһóֻһ绰˵żǱ߿Զˡ
š
żѾеĸ߲ȫۼһ
ڣż˵񲿡
ܲãڡ
ʽ׼֡
ǡ

ܲãڡ
ƺеĵϵͳֹڿ֡
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ɹ
ܲԸ
ֹͣһвɹ
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ãҵ֮⣬Щ˾ȫһεĿꡣҸ͸λʮӺ󣬽еʼ۸ȫٷ֮
ǣܲá


333 ڷ籩9
ྩǵȺ˼Ͷⳡȳʱȴû뵽һڷ籩ѴӰгϯ
ྩĳУһЩͥýҪĲˣûļǮʱڳеĹ㲥˵йԱй˿עˣͨһϢԥڰСʱǰȫǣܵǵѹеÿһƷٷ֮ļ۸񣬴˼۸Ҳͬһʱ䣬ΪȫǼ۸뻹δǮĹ˿ͼ¡
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еĹ˿ʹʱҲǴŭһѡõĶȫڵϣתߣǵʲôطȥʲô˹ҵĶ۸񣬱֮⣬еĶȫǼҳһ۸˰ٷ֮
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ܲãѾչ˻һҴ˾ԭļ۸ٰٷ֮ʮ

ܲãҲѾչ˼ҡ
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ܲá
ܲá

Щ߲һĻ㱨żϵıѾЦΪִЦ
չһҲŹסץʱ䣬ǵʱ䲻࣬ǹ˾ĲҲܽⳡڷ籩άСʱҡ
ӷİ칫ңŹȵı䶯ֲ鿴һŵž͵һտӣһǮûˣΪеʽȫżȥչЩССĹ˾ˣ
С֪ûУ桭
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ӷ粢ûзԸżҪĹ˾ҲûǸҪֻҪļʱǾͲᱻչ
ע⣬ȥ졣
Ȼӷ統ѣǲܳӷֶôӣҲܺѽνе÷ŹģҪŹҸӷǲᶯġ
վڴǰӷ̧ͷյĶƣѾֹͣ켴Ǽӭһ¿ʼ죬쵽ˡ
ڿʼĺڵ̳ȫ˵㡣ڣҳӷǵľ룬֮󣬾˫潻֮ʱ


334 ׳Ľ
һСʱĽڷ籩йΪݵˣӱϿⳡڷ籩֮ҲԵĺܣСʱҵ磬ǾΣ
Ƶ㾭ǳĵ˵ͷھƵҲϻο˰ɣһôŮʲô
үүӷѾˡ
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ݺڵйˣӷû˿η壬ֻǱֳԳ𾴣ϲٳɭСʶõЦֳ
⻹ȳӷ˵Ƶ㾭Ȼתһϵӷ磬ѵүү̵ϹͷԶϻȻӻ֣һңѵΪΪҼ̳ˣͺϹͷ𣿡
ӷϵЦûб䣬ǰλˣҲԼүүүүӷɷ
үүʵڱǸΪΪĵ׼һûļȥԭ¡
СӣãһںôƵ㾭һΪϧŮˣһʲô
ӷЦүү׼ȷ˵׼͸ģҪ棬͸ɡҲΪȽϸӣҲŵ˵ʱ䡣
ӷ磬˵ҲҪʲôүүҲֻǸ㿪Цѡ
Ƶ㾭˵ɣ˵үү뿴СӣΪ׼ʲô
ӷһļĶ˵дС˾Ȩ飬Ҳ˵ҵ磬ڣҾ͵үү棬ҵ磬͸ɡ
ӷ⻰һʹľƵ㾭һ¡
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СӣȷҪҵ͸ɣ
ӷЦүү飬ڿЦ˵ˣҼӣҲǰЦѽ

Ƶ㾭һЦСӣȻǲƴѽ㣬үү
ӷ罫еЩȨݵǰ˵ɣ°ɣԺĻҵ磬
˵ˣЩûȤ㻹ǽ˰ɡ
Ѿͷ£ѵ㻹ǳҳǮ𡣡
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㲻գүүɾˣ֮үүٽЩ˾ˣȥˡ
ɲУЩӷģ˭Ҳߡ
ɽȨ˹Ҳ˵ʲôˣ
ⶼûţͰŷˣŮѽ
үү
ˣүү˵ˡСӣүүҲѾ˵绰ͻྩڻҵ飬͸һɡ
̾˿֪һԼ仹Ӯ벻Լһྩͻᷢ飬ҵ磬һУɵĿǰΪ̶ֹ֪Էĵϸ
磬ڸô죿Žǲ̵ģֻӹһ¡
˵ӣ˱˵ȦףԷҵĹϵ˽Ŀ⼯ϵʱ򣬶Իҵչ
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һǸ̿ɲұ֤Ŀ᲻Լϼţʱһֱ˸ˣҲͰ׻˼ʮ꣬ûʸ˵Լǿʨ۴ˡ
뷽档
׳һ׳칫һЦǰԽ˵죬˸öѽ뻻쿹壬ϺʹͷŻʯڣСʱĽڷ籩ȴСʱ֮ڣҵ󲻵ǣҵΪƸ͸ƼҵŮ
ԽǿЦãȷԼȷ˸öӣԼĶôͣΪĸ׵ܲ𣡿ǣԽϾһԼĶڸô£ʵΪѽ
׳ģһӷ罫Ƹջ䵽Ƽġ
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ԽҲ̾˿˵ĵģǷˣ֪ʱӦӲӷھǣȥڿɺãԼҵĺӷһûѧҵЩаʦͨ
죬ұļ£ڣҲò㣡ӷȥƲ֮ͻɵڶʨߵڶֻȫ̳ˣǸʱ򣬿û˹ܵסඣ
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׳˵סһ˵ֽţסģ㽫һӣʲôãѵΪ˲£һӵ𣡡
׳кθ߼
ʵܼ򵥣ôģͬӷϡСӲǳ߶ǵʱֱӽʽϢȥֻҪӷСӽˣɼˣԼŮǣңǣҵ¶Ҳӷ۸Ѹ㡣
Խ˵׳˵˲ᵱôˣ
ˣ¾ͲˣҵĽ飬㿼һ£ӷĿǰ˵Ҹ˾ãӦõķˣ


335 һҪ
ྩЩĴС꣬겻ȴŴ̹ǵĺ磬ʹ·ӭ˵ڶ㣬лһξ롣
ƶĳЩ˶ԣɳƵһ˷ܼҲкܶˣϲҪȾƶ࣬ӷ磬һ
Ȼ˵ϲȲ˾һҪ裬ܶʱǺȵĲǲ裬ǲеζҲкܶ˵ÿһֲζһҲп࣡
ĳСӱߣżƵķӣЩȫӪŸģйŶ꣬Ҳв¥
ӷһҲ¥֮ڣǰϷһȵĲӲðӷƷƷ˫۱߳¥⿴ȥ
ζŵװ꣬ȷǸõط
˿̣һһŮ¥ֱӾ˳ӷԱߡ˴ԼʮңŮˣҪС꣬ʮֳ죬Ͷ֮䣬һֹ
ʷģҵǰѵ㻹װ˭֪Ǹôѽ
Ů˺ǲмĵһʷĵˣʷȴǺ⣬㣬֪𣬵ҽӵĵ绰ʱе⡣ǶҸʷУԴүүʼͶ㸸׸ҸһڶڣһĹϵҲһ֪ңʲô£
ԭԲ£׷ŮĹϵǣǵˣ
֮һȲ費ֵ֣ǣǶֵķǳʷģɽ죬ȴʷԼģɼУһʲô֮£ǶֳǸ̬֮߰ǾԲԼԼĵ˵ġ
ԼҵһЩ˼ĵطãʲô𣿡
һʣʷЦ˵˵ֵطģȫ͵ˣЩˣٻġȻԱС⡣
ʷĸͬʱתͷһԱߵĳӷ磬ɳӷȴûƵģڹԵĺŲ衣
ԼΪ˶֮¡
㣬ڶ飬㲻ңҲȥġڴҶ֪ʲôȻҲǷƻ֮ˣƻҲ޹أȴҵ£ƻҲҪ֣˸Ҵ⣬ĸ׸ҵĸףͬġ
ԣԼһ£ôԸ
Ƕʷ֣
ˣǶȻƻ᷽ðģǶҲġڷƻҪԵģǻӴİɡķչ֮Ѹ٣˶ˣྩɣϺž޾һ뺯ܾ߽ɱ⣡棬ȵƻǵֵסģʱ໥оĻƵȶȹǵʱ˵ƻҪ𣬾ңҲ޷ˡ
ʷ˵治֪ǸͷʲôݣȻô̵ʱڳưԻжսʵ̫ǶˣǵԼ˭ˣͼݸ𣬻ư²ɡǸ׸ҽĻôʰǸپ׷֩ģһȭ֣ѵֻɱɱļһǻҪ𣡡
˵
㻰ճԱߵĳӷҪһˣ󡣡
һ仰ʷĸת˳ӷ磬û뵽ԼԱ꣬ȻͻȻôһ仰
Сӣղ˵ʲô
ӷûнӻԼĲ裬ղǾ仰Ҳû˵һ˵ġ
ʷļӷԼолҲѾվߵ˳ӷߣûӷͬ⣬
ǶûȥֹʷģֻԭأĿš
Сӣֵͦ𣬾ȻҽҵĻ
ӷ粻мһЦʶ𣿡
⻰ʵʵе㲻˼ѽѽʶ˭ѽƾʲô
ʷһʱ䶼֪˵ʲôˣеǹŭƽƽһֻһ£Աϲ衣
һᣬ¥ķԱһɳӷȴ˵С㣬ԼǮҵ¡
ʷ˵СӣҲˡ
ǾͶлˡС㣬һ
ʷĵıǳʣûأ˵㣬㻹治ʵǸѽ
ԱߵĶ㶼ЦСӣ˼
Сֵܣϵģ̲סҲ˳ӷʵ
ӷʵҲǵϵģһŵŷǸߡ
ŶǾ˵㲻Ǻڵ
ԭ˵Ǻڵѽ㿴ͣǻڵҿɻѧ
ĳĳСֵܣ֪ƾղŵǾ仰ʮˡ
ңҲ¡
ЦʷȴǿҡͷԭǸɵСӣ
Ҳɵֻǲ̫ϲЩڱ˵ˣԲ̲סһ仰еĵط⼸裬ǰɡ
ʷҲû˵ʲôֱӸԼһ裬𣬵Сӣһɡ
ð
˵Ĳ豭һһӷ豭ĲһҲûʷĵĲ豭ˣƬϡ
֣
һ벻һȥɵ㶵СӣȻֶΣʷĵĵϸģǿǸӣһ˴Բ⣬ڣӷһʷĵıӵˣӷıӣȴһ¶ûУⲻǸʲô
СֵܣֶβûȤҸطǵһ£ʷȻʹ˰ݣҲһ³ӷ絽жٽ
˼εģ˴ܵģĻ㵽Ϻƻгǧ˸򡣡
ˣˣҿϷѽ
ʱ¥ͻȻţһĿȫ¥ȥʲôͣȥϷ


336 ̿
¥֮⣬ϸ࣬εε£ǺˮںΪһ壬ҲС͵ĲˣĿеڿţ
һ£ͷһƫݵںӱ֮ϣԵģһԼʮ嵽ʮ֮ˣθߴ󣬻˫ȭյĸ¸죬ɢһǿϢһ֪һߡ
ƫ⻢ȴû˿η壬һ˫ǳ޵۾ĶԼԶˣߵ䣬һɫĵǵѵ֮ͨңҲǳټ̵Ĵ̵ɱרõĴɱе󣬿ֳôһ㡣
ӷ罫еעȫѵϣûȥΧȺԼһͬĶ㻹ʷģ絶罣̴գ˼û뵽ȻŴ̿ͣ
Сӣרһɱ֣ʲô̿ͣǹŴôʡʷһ֪һ룬ȫ֪İģǲˬĵһ۳ӷ硣
ɳӷȴûκεķҲûǸ飬Ϊӷ֪ƫ꣬ʲôͷѧһ̿͵ı졣
Сֵܣղ˵ʲô絶罣̴ʲô˼СӷǸɱ֣Ϊ˵Ǵ̿ͣ
ӣɱʷҪõĶ࣬ûʷǰԴ
ӷûпȥ㣬˵ɱָ̿Ͳͬνɱֻ֣ΪǮɱˣѧĶֻΪɱһɱʲô£ֻĿصɱԼȥɱɱ֣̿ͬǲΪǮɱˣֻΪһʹɱˣҲʲô˶ɱֻɱɱ֮ˣںڰ֮еĴ̿ͣڱͬʱĿأһȫˣ
ǻһ𣬶Ϊɱˡ
һ̿ͱɱ֣һСǼһ˫ûУ񽣣Եдᣬɹ˿أɱֵĵֻйûء̴գ̿͵ı϶̣̲ɱ˵ģɱģȴĿͬھڴ̿ɱ֮Ե˶ϣһһ
㻹ǵһ˵Ҳǳ˼ʶɣ
СֵܣΪʲôᶮôࣿ
࿴飬㲻ţҲ֪¡̿ͣеر𡣡
ʲôرģ
Υ˴̿͵ķ򣬲Ϊʹ֣ΪѰ
Ѱ𣿡
ûûУǳޣҲ˵Ŀ꣬Ӧĳˡһر𣬾Լĳʱͷųǹɳ֮ͬʱȴܱ侲вҲȶ˫̳ʣʮ֮ڣ˵
ʷЦСӣͱ˵ˡʮ֪˭һ֣˰ߵĸ֡
һʷ⻰ӷ練еԾˣ˰񣿵ߵĸ֣
û޵Уƻһ֡
˼Ǻڵ֣ܿϧϾҪˣ
˵ô϶Ǽһɱ޵У
ǿˣʮ֮ɱˣģǴ̿ͱ
֪ͺãСӣ޵еĶ֣
ˡ
˵˵Ҵʲôط
ΪǸʲô޵еʵ̫ǿǴ̿ͱ⡣̿Ľ֣죬׼ݡǲó־սҲΪںڰеĹϵ岢ãڶʱ֮޷ĿɱĻģǴ̿Լ
һɱ˵ǼһԽ޵иɱˣ
̿͵ǿУɱһж
˵Ǽ٣˲֪
˫۾ȫ꣬˫۴Ѫ˿޵еӣҲҪƵġ
޵д˿̴ŭû뵽־Ȼû
˫΢΢Ķͬʱ˫ҲѾĵ
㲻Ҳ
ϣû㳹ײҵĴ͸ĸһӦϡ
㣬ûʸĸס죬ҾҪΪĸױ𡣡
ƾ㣡Ϊũܴ꣬ͳˣҸ㣬ȻܽͬԽ
޵仰˶ǴΪԾ˰죬ǾȻǸѽ
ʷģ޵ж𣿡ʵ
ǰ˵һ޵Ұ֣֪ʲô£޵ֽŮɱˣǸҰӣҲ䲻û뵽죬ȻԿǸԡ
ӷ˵ũܴ꣡ǸҰʲôѵһ֮̿ũ͵ģ
µ˵˵ûҵģͬʱҲɱĸףڣٻһ㶫֮䣬Ӵ˻Ƿ
䣬ұߵĵ৵һʣ벻ǣûн޵УǳԼ˹ȥ
˻
һ壬ѪΧŮˣЩСˣȫ
ĵûͣγֳ֮Լ֮ѪܵĴ̵ָ޵У˫ɳʵɫԽĲ԰ף˫е㷢˵ĸ׵ټҾġ
޵ʱеɵۣû뵽СɱԼȻԲУӣǲǲݵģ
ãֶˣֱӾԼǽ죬ұȫ㡣
㣬ûǸᡣ
ৡ
ߵĴ̵һ磬ֱӾͳ嵽޵ǰ
һĻ˶̫Ȼ˳ӷ֮⡣
һ
ӷһ˵ֵ
ʷĲȻʳӷʲôʱӷֵģ壬ߣˡ
˫ȴ޵еǰٵĻţûڻ̿;ٶȼϵʮ֮ڣѾվ޵󣬶ڻ˰ߵ޵УȴվԭأһҲûӿʼڣûг֣Ҳ˵ûгֵĻᡣ

Ӵֱӵ˵ϣϲ಻٣պһٵۣ
ʮ
ӷһʮ䣬ΧȺ󺰵ɱˡ챨
ʷĸ໥һۣʷĵʱŷӦ֪ͨƻᣬ޵бɱ
ӷЦνɱһһ֮䡣еʱһ֮Ķ仯Ҳ֮Ϊɱ


337 ƻ
־ҹһ¿֮˵磬·ֻʣһˣֺ񱻹һխСǽ첻Ӧеصز飬ʹ࣬Ҳֻ˲ܸܵĵ
֮⣬Ҳ⣬һķ֮أµһǰѴ̵ߣϻԵѪΧѻ󣬶ҿһ
ѾΪһĳ𣬽Ǽҵĩա
ĴͳһλڰеߣڣǱҰΪʳǽҰ޵ʳûҰ޳ԵǳԵҰޣЩ˵ȴϡ
ٴԵߣٴһߣ˺֮£ڴƬڰĴ˳˳ȻţǾҪǰǰ˺ԼˣԼĸ׵ͳͳɱ⣡
죬ٸʱ䣬֮󣬺ˣһȥġ
ƬήĻҶƮȻһ䣬δߵѴ̵Ѿ˵ĵ
˭δ֮ǰ뿪򣬵

ϷһЦ漴ͼһӰϷ֦֮৵һ
ɱԼ׻𣿡ĺӰʵ

㻹ɱˣ
ˣ˺Ҹĸ׵ˡ
ƻ᣿
ǣ
һ֮
Ѫս
ˣҪɱ֮ȴһô죿⣬㱨𣿡
ֿ̫С
ֻҪаٷ֮һĿԣҲǿԡ
㣬ʲôˣ
ˣһĺˣܰɱг˵Ĵˡ
⻰ìܡ
ìܵģǵǰҲһˡ
ˣ
ûҵֵܡ
ɱ֣
š
Ҳǡ
֪Ǵ̿ͣǵ£Ψһһ̿ˡ
߰ɣңɱ㡣
ȴɱ㡣
㲻鷳ĻͶְɣɱ֮ɱеĳˡ
˱ȽϲˣȻɱ㡣
Ȼɱң뿪
Ҫ뿪ҾͲ㵽ˡ
㵽ô
Ѿ˵ˣҿ԰ɱеĳˣȴɱ㡣
Ұ£
ûң¡
ûʱ䣬һҪȥ
ҿеˣܲˣҲˣţһ¡
ûǸҪںӱߵʱҾѾоԶԶ֮ϡ
ȷЩҪǿˣҲҲ˼ȤȻ㲻£ǾҵӰӰɡ
˵ûʱ䣬ɱеĳ֮һҪȥ
ʱģΪûͷ֮ǰĳˣһҲˡ
䣬Ӱһ·ʧؼ䡣
ȴûתĸ׵ķĹ˵ģΪ˱𣬺ɱɱ𡣡
ƻܲѾΪãΪģǷƻĵһ֣ǷƻͷŮ
һǰ˷ǳ࣬лĹԱڵϵ̳ϵ⣬壬ʷҸҡ
ֹһϹϹл
ߵԱߵĸ˸ŮǰܷˣС㣬ڰ
ܸ˲˲ᣬ˵С㣬ˣ
ţʷҲǰϹ㣬һһ˲ֱͣʱ֣Ҳûһ뿪
ֹ
һվ޵еǰ꣬ڳȴûʶ
λֵܣϵģоϹǰʵ
һƣģȴ֮⣬ˣԲǳӷ磡
ﶾãס
һҽܣʹڵȫһʱ䣬ͼһȺ˴˽ⲻĶΧڡ
λҪôţ֪أֻҪ֧㣬ûдκ˹ģֻһġ
ˣ¡
ϵЩȫߡ
һʮߵǰʵǶﵽʲô
״һɫװߣʵû´ĻһǷƻĻ᳤ɣ
ǡ
޻᳤ҿǷƻƣͲǸãҪƵġҲõģѾ˵죬ֻǴǾ֧ѣһûˣ˴⣬ǾҲѾ˵޻᳤Ůͷ֮ǰҶǾԲᶯǷƻġǣǶﲻǣ֤û˻ᶯǡ
ף⻰ʲô˼
˼ܼ򵥣ǾҸǴ仰֮ڣҪǷƻˣˣԸǶûϵԣǷƻͺΪ֮ɡ
˫ȭһ˵лѣǷƻȻܷչ죬ҲӣǶˣǶµġ
״ЦǾͺãǾͺá
˵꣬׿ɲмطת뿪ͬʱӷպô˽ϴȴİƵģ˫ԵʶԷûԷһۡ
ôˣڹ֮λ˵
Сӻ֣첻˵ǵϵ𣬽ôܵ
ʷģҾСֵܲ򵥣ύ뵷ҵĻɱû㡣
ҲĸֲһСӽύύ¡
һ꣬ԼҲûԳӷò˵ǺڵϵǸ
СֵܣʲôˣҺûɣȻվ˳ڣȻҪһ¡
ӷϲκα飬ûлشĻֱߵλǰ֧㣬ֻһ·˶ѣϲύϵѡһ֣һᣬȴû뵽
̾˿˵Сֵˣ
޻᳤ˣȫ°ɡ
ʲô
ӷ⻰һղųΧ׵ˣҪΧӷ磬ȴֹסˡ
СֵܣҲ̫˼
̫࣬£Ϊɱ޵֮ˣѾˡ


338 Ϊϲ
ǸϽԵϽĻʱģʶȻҪ˶Ϻܶ࣬ڣҲԼƻô룬֪ȻԷԽԼŮɱǽٶ࣬Ҳһ
ݺʮأȷѪ꼸ʮ꣬˵ʵδ¹˭Զļ׵ţﶼ˿Ļš
ڣڰһСģڳ˵ͷΪɱһˣ޴ԣҲֻӷĽ飬Լƻȫ˳ȥ
λǳлҵ⣬ڣҷƻе˽Ҫλ뿪֮ĳһһŵл
ĻĴڳÿһ˵ĶУĹԱ̳ϵˣֻǷƻᰵеЩѣ˿̣þһһȥ˶ʷ֮⡣
ӷת˵޻᳤¹ȻϣݺʮϽ
Сֵܣ˶Ѿ뿪ˣǷðҰָгˣ
ӷ粢⻰ֻЦ޻᳤ˣ¸һġ
ŶȻһģ֪Ѿˣ
ҲҪС¶Ҫ͵Ļڽжȹţʲô˼
Сֵ˵ĺãһȷҪ̫Ľ͡죬ҲлСֵܵѣȻСֵܸǸҰֲһģǾ뿪ɡ
ڻ뿪
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˵ûӦ֮ǰǲɱƻһ˵ġ
еͿŮŮҲ̫׳ӷ絽ʲô
ǰ˵СֵܣǷƻڲ⣬ֻﵹæСֵܲĻȥȵ㶫ɡ
ŮܾͣڣһߣΪһˣãͽλһڡ
ʷ˵Сӣ㻹浱ԼˣѵǼһͲᶯ𣿡
ҡ
˶٣ӷ΢΢̧̧ͷʵ˵Ķ԰ɣ
ৡ
һӰ·ƾճſڣȫתȥͼһ£ͷҰ˵꣬վ
Ұ֣㡣ɥĲԼҲɱŮҲ޵еŭ
ҰҸƴˡ
Ѿͷ嶯
һץסŮȥȻһܽ޵иɱˣԼƻûĶ֣㣬֪ġ
㣬߰ɣ죬ɱκһˡ
ӷûǰֻվԭ˵
ΪʲôҪʵ
첻Ѿ˵ĺûӦҵҪ֮ǰĳ𣬱ˡ
Ҫ
һ۳ӷ磬꣬Ұ֣ʲôϵ֮ʶֺİ˰㣬⣬ôһ¡
ܱһʱȴһҽɱǣ죬죬һ֮꣬ͬ˵ǡ
ڴ̿ͶԣűҪ㲻Ѿĸ׵ķǰ˵Ҫ֮ڣĳˣĸ׵ͳͳɱ𣡿֮ɱһˣʣôȥĸ׽
㡭
ʵڲ֪òöֵ֣Ļгӷֹϵò֣ԼҲȷĸ׵ķǰ˵֮ڱģʱˣԼĸ׽
㵽ô
ӷһ仰Ҳ˵ûת޵еգ˵޵ѽ޵УҲһˣôʲô¸ʲô²ֲء㵱겻ôĶӵĻǽ죬ƻҲ
ιҸ˵û㣬ô
˼ڲ˵㣬߰ɡ
ܷŹһɱϴֵǣɱ
һȺƻ˽ȻתѴ̵˵ĵʱʣȡЩ˵
ȫס֣
⻰ѾˣΪĴ̵Ѿʣ৵ļɲĴ̵κһӷѾǰָһֱӵ˾һѴ̵ϣ˺ü
ӷһڵϢһʱ޷֣ƻһˣȴʱ򣬰γһǹ
ء
һӵ˹ȥӷȴûȥֹӵ˾֣һѴ̵һ˵ϡ
ֵǣɱΪϴ󱨳𡣡
һȺֳֵָۿҪʮ˿飬˿̣ӷһֳצצ֮гһڵϵĴ̵˹ָڡĲҽһ֮ǰǹˣһֻ֡
һĻ󾪣ŭСӣʲô˼
ֻ˵ɱǷƻһˣû˵Ƿƻᣬɱûҵ֮ͬǰ
ҲǺͿĿųӷ磬ʵΪҾͻ
ԸϲԸˣıȽ磬ҽ㻹ǽԸһհɣ뿪Ȼ㻹ʱ䣬ڣ㲻ӦҵҪǽ飬ͻ᲻ͣݣɱǣҲɱ㣬г𱨲ˣҲ޷ڳ˵ʹ࣬ƱҪܰɣ
֮ڣһɱЩˣҾʹӦҪ󡣡
ܺã֮һ㣬Щˣȫɱġ
ʷĶųӷ磬Сӵݵĳѽڰ˭ģ
뿪ӷת˵޻᳤Ǿͺú׼һ°ɣƻжˣ׼öٹײģܶȹ죬֮ǣͬҪ
ڳˣԭСӣ鷳ġ
Сӣҷƻ֮䣬гԹ
һ޳𣬶Թ
ΪʲôҪ
ΪʲôҪΪʲôҪһ𰸵ĻҾһ
˶٣ӷЦΪϲ
˼ڵˣʵ˼СӣΪӣͿԽҷƻᵱǰɣҾҪ졣


339 ҶǵĹ
ӷ߳ƻʱƻЩ˸ûһġ
ΪƻᣬȻǲʶ̧٣Ǻáֻӷû뵽Ȼһ̿ͣóӷշ֮ġ
ǣϴ˶¼ӷɲӲһֽƳһˣ߱ƳһˣǾ̫ϧˡ
ιСֵܣ
߳ƻᣬ׷˳ӷ磬ӷסˡ
ЩӷһȤûУǶһʷңҲĸжСС壬ûһüֵĴڣӷԲϡ
һһеˣڳӷУһһٸҸʷҸΪмֵ
λС㣬㻹ʲô𣿡
˵ֻ㽻Ѷѣû˼˵ˣҸƻ֮䣬Ҳ˵ĹϵɷģҲϷƻԸġ
ӷڲڷƻ϶˵ʲôһҪİɣûоƻᶼҪģֻΪĳ֣ı˳ӷļƻѡ
˼ΪҸкܶطûȥԣûʱˣԵĻպټġ
εģ
ⶡʶеɵĸοͣһ͸ƻ³𣬻Ҫ֮ƻᣬ˵֮ˣ˵ֻ֮ˣҲԲǸ򵥵Ľɫ
Ҳ˵ɡҲѾ֪һߣ׷ģϵγѧУż٣պøһᣬЩдһ¡
˵ҵɵϣһֻΪ׷ѧߵĻôյ͸һɽӡҪ֪ղŵľٶ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣һٴˡȻĹ˵ãһʮҲκε⣬Ҫһ˵ƻᣬǼֱǼʯͷ
ҲɣϣкܶԤƲġңҲѾ˵֮ڣɱ˷ƻһˣ֮󣬷ƻˣȫҪ
ƾʲô˵˴󻰣㵽ʲôˣ
ӷתǰȥ߱˵һ·˶ѣ
ĳƵ꣬ӷסͬʱףҲסҾƵ꣬ƻᣬ֪סõݣҲȫǼٵġ
ղڷƻõʱҲЦ˳ҾͲˣΪʲôô鷳ֱӴֵɱƻ᲻Ϳ𡣡
ӷ˵Ҫһƻܼ򵥣ҪһΪãֵõˣȴȵ컹ѡȻڷһǾ;ԲܸϴһΪĳЩˡ
׺ǲʵСӣ˵ôǿ𣿡
ǳǿ
Ǳô
ӷЦ㣬¾ƲˣܽһӣĴ̵֮¡
ɣôǵ߱Ҫţƣ
ѧĶûϵؼǣǵľһȻپǼҲǴСſӳģҪһԵ߶һκܴľ롣
ڸپţǲǴ㽫Сӷŵȥ
Ĺ֮һȥѡǸʺϴֻʺӰӡ
Ӱӣ
ûѾһӰ仹ΪãŲ̫ˡٶҼӰӵĻǶպ·ߵĶࡣ
嶯Ҳɵʵ뽨һ֧ӰӶ飬һ֧޴ڵӰӶ飿
ţˣһҪ֧ӰӶ飬⻪ľ˰Ҳ˵ҵӰӶ֮󣬻˰񣬽ΪӰڰ֮ˣȫҵӰӡ
Ǿǵô죿
ʱͽÿڵѾ˹ڶﶾõȫɢÿһ䣬ֻȳӷһ£õͻ׵Ĵ£ֱƻᡣ
ˣȫ˻غݣƻ£Ҫˡ
Ǻðɡǲ
ѧϰһ°ɣҪסܱƻ˷֮⣬ҲһĶҸʷңһôĴڣƻ֮䣬ôĹϵ
ҸʷҵѾ鵽ˡ
˵˵ɡصͿˣķϻˡ
˵ҸʷҾǷƻᱳĲ֧ԮߣУ໥֮ϣڲ֧ԮƻᣬҲ뽫ƻΪá
Ѿµˣ֪ǣҸʷôĺ̨Ҳʲô׬Ǯģ
ҵ綼ѾڳӷˣӷҲţʲôˣĻǵĹ˾ҲѾԼĻǮȥ֧Ԯƻѽ˵ⶡҸʷңӦöʲôö
Ҷ˽ҵԴҲǿĹҵģ˽Ŷʷ˽鱦ҲΪ߱Ϊһ壬ҲŻΪϵˮݣЩĺΪ˸ҵ˽ⲻ⣬ЩҷģҲû磬߸˽
ҹĹŶﻹ鱦ȥЩɶǹţ޼֮͵ǳԼҵĻʲô
˭֪ʡҲĽΪҲҵķ֤ݣϺܶԱҵĺôҲһֻۣһֻˡһ֪ЩǳʲôĿĵģߣǶǶһѽ
ӷһתЦȻˣҾȻ쵽ȥ棬ܲܽЩĹԴõ֣


340 Űݷ
ƻܲ
ŮŮһ칫ҡ칫ҽԼŮҲ޵еģȴû뵽㲻㣬Ψһһܼ̳ԼƻŮͻȪ
֣ҵǸҰûУһҪɱΪ޵б𡣡
̾ҡͷ˵ȱ𼱣ѾȥˣôҰҲôӳȥģŲһСʱͻϢˣ
Ů˵Ұ֣ǰ־ͲӦһʱܣȻн졣
Ѿͷǰﶼ޵иûŹҰֻ֣̫ܵ죬޵иϵʱѾɭũһôĵط˶֪ԭʼɭ֣һǽ;û߳Ŀܡ˭ĵҰֵȻôũܴ겻ѧһ죬Ǳ𡣡
⹫һҪǸҰָҳֲܰң޼ңҲûǷҰκζǸŮΪҪƻǷƻڲŹҰֵģɱȻҪκεΡ
ǰʱȥҲ޵еŮһУǾĸ׵ĴеԵɣҲֻ޵в֪
Ѿͷģ޵вĸףͬʱҲҵŮԲҵŮġ
ʱ칫ҵű˸˿һƻСͷĿ˽
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ʡZУֻǸСطѣӣСҲûʲôͷһھƵ궢Сӣһˣȸȵ˱ȽƫƧĵطҰˡ
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ڶҴԺڣʮŮǰʯͷЩʯͷȴͨĴʯ֮ģһֿʯÿһļ۸񶼲ˡ
һ㣬ԺŽʯڻء
һڴԺбָӱ߽ǶҲһԵĹҵѣͬʱԼԭ򣬲ö룬һΪڵĹĹԽԽˣҲԽԽˣΪ׬ǮҲֻܸЩٻȥĳЩ֮û֣Ҳ϶ǶҴļ
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ʷһУڷƻһһƻ汻ˣǶңȻҪΪպ룡Ҫӷĸ֣ΪҪ


341 
ҿڱȽرûκεװƷڷеģȫһ̳̳ľƣһֹŴ̳Ǿ㣬Ȼڳӷԣ־㣬Ǻܴ̱ǡ
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Ȼӷкü̫үǶͷĻϰ壬Щָ֪֮ˣܻ֪ԳӷҲҪκεĹ˼֤óסǼƾƵʱҲˣ·ƻ鵽Լݡ
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342 ұ
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һ˵ӷŷһˣûѽңһĹֵģĹȴҲ
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343 ɱ¾1
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344 ɱ¾2
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ʷģʲô˼Ȼѷƻ˴Ҷˡ
˴ŭ飬ǰɴûԼҸʷǶͷҲûŵ¼
죬ʷҲ̫ĿˣǴʷҵ˹ƻ˹ѵΪʷҵ
ˣҿɲŮ˵ǽжͳɡ

ʹӺ˳ֱӾվʷǰʵСӣ㵨ԽԽˣȻҴҶңѵͷû𡣡
棿ͣȻҽȻǾҸͬġǶʲô£ͲҶ˵˰ɣ
ʲô£Сӣһס
ͣ㣬ǰڷƻõСӣǲǶң
ʷϢͨһĹѾ֪¡
ҲҪκε˵ô
ǣǾͺðˡ
ʷתһƻ˵ϴˣǷƻΪеСӣѾǶҵˣ㿴£ô
ϴ£ҲǷƻ
ͣǻ᳤ΪǷƻǶҵĹϵǷƻµʱǶһվߵģû뵽ǲǷƻ鷳˶ԸǷƻᣬ£㿴ôɡ
˵ϵѽ㻹Լһ¡ǶģǷƻڵĴѵǶһⲻɡǰЩ֧ԮǷƻǮ͵ҶҿˣڿʼҶǷƻᣬûκιϵǷƻҶ޹ء
ɫһ䣬˵ͣ⻰˵ġ
˵ôѵ㻹ҶҶֲɡ
д⡣
޵ѾˣǷƻᣬһֶûУ£ҸʷҵҶ鷳ǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
жߣж񣬴֪
ϴٸǷϻְɡ
ˣҽˡ
ǣϴ󡣡
Ҳǳصģеļȫó˼һҪƻһ
֡
ֻʱ𣬵һ绰ɫı֮ǰҪѿ
ˣϸһܲ
ϴ󣬳ʲô£
Ļܵ˶ѽ˵ʷӣҵԺ˵ڣСѾɱܲ
ʲôһɱȥģ
ǵġ
ôܣǲһ𣡡
Ҳ֪ǻ᳤绰Ͻȥ
һת˭֪һһƵ꣬ӶҵĴſ˽
һ꣬һȫͣ˽ŲΪ꣬һСǼģǰõʱϹ㣬ܿ뿪ˣ
û´Ļ±Ƿƻĵϴɣ
겻ǱˣǶս֮һõס
Ƕˣ
¶ˣֻϧû
ûʱ棬ǶҽĻǷƻҲ£ڣһкҪҪ죬
Ҫ飿ѵܲǱߵ£
㣬ô֪
˭֪ѽǷƻᣬϾҪ군ˡ˻ǱȽģȥۣҾֱµɡ
ƾһˣ
ԡ
ֵǣҽⶫСӸɵ
֪ʵ̫ҸˣֻϧǵҸӣͷˡ
кһָ˵Ǿ˳Ҷ߲Ҷߣæ


345 ɱ¾3
ƻܲӷǳеһɳԷƻһֵȴǳУһһִ̬֮żֿ͸һ֮
վڳӷߣ˫δɱѾ鲼ʹ˵ıð亹
Ұ֣Ȼ죬ҾҪΪҰֱ𡣡
Ůǹͬڵʵʮǧ
֪ǰ˶ǵ֮һȥĻֻҲԼŮһȥǱ㽫Ů˻˵Ѿͷ嶯
⹫һˣ˭ĻǾͬһɱ
Ҷ޼ҵˣضܲҵġǣѾͷ޵еĳ⹫һŮӣվһ߿ͺˡ
˵꣬ǰ˫۲ûȥǶԳӷ˵СӣҪҰǰɣ
޻᳤ѵǰ˵Ļô˵֮ڣþɱǷƻһˣ㣬ˡ֮ҲҪ֣ҾͻὫǷƻˡ
Ǿ仰죬Ҫţ˵ȫңһ˵ȫһҪѪɺӡ
һ˿µģټйҲͿʨһ˶ѣм֪ӷͷСʨӣСһˣԲʨ֮¡
ãܺãȻҪǾͱǷƻԶˡ
ࣿ޻᳤ãǵ˺ܶҿҲôСɫѡ
ҷƻݺʮ꣬ûһǧҲа˰٣ѵСӶԸˣ
һǧ˰٣ЦʵЦȻҲòϣ֮ǰǷƻ˵ȷǶ࣬Ŀһһڿˮͽڣ޻᳤ǲӦȴ绰ʲôģ淢ʲô¡
ųӷĵ飬ڵòѵ淢ʲôԼû뵽ΪʲôЩˣڶûϻܲ
һ£СǱô£Ϊʲôڻ
޻᳤Ҳô鷳ˡˣزˡ
һһƵӷƻܲ˽һ÷ƻЩȻûһҵһʱֵġ
תһģȻǶˣȻʱϵ
ﶾס
ֱӾͳ˹ƻ̵ǰΪһһλ᳤֣ҲΪû֪˶ˡ
ǣײûǰͣ½Ųֱߵ˳ӷߣҲǾһߡ
ڣһ̿ͣһסվ˳ӷߣɳӷȴǲæɳϣһĻеͿ
СӵʲôˣΪʲôվߣ
ףôˣӷʵ
ƻѾҸˡ
ܺáٶȻһ㣬پĻӦûǰӵ
ٺ٣Ϊʱ㽭Ƚ϶࣬ʱͼˣ
סжæܰжæǲͣģΪǰĵˣͬǰ
ǣˡ
£
׵֣ʵСӣ㵽ʲôˣ
ʱҲûҪˣǷƻᣬڰСʱڣӻʧףλ޻᳤˭ɡ
ǰ˵޻᳤ˡλǶͷϴҲǶĴˣ
һɫޱ䣬Ϊ˭Ҳ벻λȻһ꣬һʮ꣬Ҳ̫˰ɣСӵôģССͣͿԴһڰһܴڰ֮ڳưĶ֡
㣬Ƕľ
֣ҵ£ҵֵܣҵѽеġ㣬ûʸ񡣡
û뵽ѽݺڵô꣬һΣȻۡӷ磬һӷ磬ӣݣеҪǿĶࡣ
ҵݣҲѾûҪ֪ˣҲ㵽ȥңԣǣȫȥɡ
׵սγͬʱԱһ仰Ҳû˵ľҲѾѴ̵˳
ɳӷȴһһסǶˣ˵ǵ˵Ļ𣿡
š
Ǿͺá죬Ұɱеĳˡ
˵֮һɱеĵˡ
ӷһֻ쵽׵ǰ׷ǳʶȤĽԼսСĵķ˳ӷС
ӷеսӶ˼£˵ھͰ㱨𡣲סµĳŵ˵ԸȽϹŹ֣һպΪãضɱ
ȻѾӦӰӣǾ;Բڡ
׶ˣһʱ䣬׷ʲô£Լλôʹʯͷġ
飬һԣһõԣܾúܾ֮󣬶û֪ΪʲôӷӰӣ


346 ɱ¾4
ŮŮѾȥ˵ҲǿȭŴ£ǸʱѾȥ̫ˣڵֻǸСͷһͨˣҪ˶֣ϲС
ƻҲѾһӷѹˣ˵һˣҲ浽׷ʲô£ʲôطƻ׸ղŵĻһ֮ͽԼƻȫˡ
ʵײûнƻɱ⣬һˣԵĶЩͨˣҲܷȥɱѽֻͷĸɵ˶ѣʡµЩƻԱһԼϴˣв֮ϳӷҲûҪȫɱ⣬Ҳ͵һûһȥɱ
ֵǣɱ
͵Ļ᳤ܳǰ棬ֻλȽϸߵ˴ˡ
ʮ˶ʱͽӷΧÿһ˵ﲻǵģûκһǹΪ˵Լˡ
ӷеսһһڵϻһѺۣһĻʹķƻһֶǲûǰ޵о;ǵǰչ֣ЩСĲˣû뵽޵ˣǰСӣȻҲŴ˵ʵ
ԭҪһӵϵķƻڼʶ˳ӷֶηǷ֮һȻȫȥҲûһҪͷ
ںԼ¾ȻûһϵģԥĽŮǹ˹һȸɵԼһ£һŭ˭һ³
ӣΪԼҲһʲôĳǸݽɫѹôһˣûӣ᳤ܽλôá
ӷһЦ˵ȻǸϽѾʱˣ㲻ɱңɱԼˣ˸еϻڣǿǵ㣬ʵѽ
ٷϻ汾µĻͽɱ⣬ģ
ɱһҪɱģңҲһɱȸһ££µǣȴ١
䣬ӷսһǳɵĳ˼ƻԱǰеսٵļһ˵Ĳϣȴû̶֣ǿ˵޻᳤㿴ˣɱˣɱġ
ͬʱӷеս΢΢һǱŲӵˣȴûһ㷴֮ͬһֻѼƵģ׸
ৡ
ֱӸ˵ʺѪڳӷս뿪˵Ĳʱӿ
ͬȪѪЩѪ˺ܶ˵ϣֻҪǸˣûˣ£һηС
ӵӷĵԵĸӵĿ¡
һѣ˵ӷ綼û֣ƻѾסˣ⿿ʲôνʵһƣܶ˵սʱʵΣƲڵһһսƾͱȵ˲һ롣
һʵ죬㣬𣿡
վԭأûǰʵ
ԶｨҾ͸УҴû
Ҳǣ㶼ҲӦӰˡ
Ѿģʲô˼
ûʲô˼ֻǾ㣬̫ƶսҲòȥ
С
Ҷֿԣڡ˵սʱ䣬ĸһϰɡ
Сӣ֣ȻֱãǳãҵţȻྩܲ󣬿ôѵ㡣
ʱ̡
մӦӷ磬ӷӰӣȻ͸׽˾ӷҲһ㣬Ϊںڵ·ϣֻǿߣǿ߲ߵվߡ˵ǵĿǰʵ޷ӷһֱȥһΪǵĿ꣬ǵĿԷҲδǼ£
ӷһ˵֣˵ڵϣ죬ɳӷȴûֱҪǵȥУȥʹǻԼԼɱģɱ˵ַΪġ
ʵɱ˲ѣѵǽɱ˱һ־磬ʣ֮˭֮ƥС
ֵǣ˶࣬Сһ˶Ը˵ĻǾܣպ󣬻ʲôڵϻ졣ұ£һȥͲСӻͷۡ
Ҳ֪Ĵ⻰÷ƻһȫӷֱ塣
ӷ¶Цսٴһӣɱ¾ʼ
̡
һһ㣬ڷƻϡ
ͬʱӷ翳ӷ罫սǰһᣬ˳佫ѿ漴ӷһתһС͵磬絶磬õ֣ȫ˵ϡ
ѪӷƻܲĳȥϣĶֶϽţССķƻ̼ܲһпս̱ǵѪζ˿ս֮ȴ˿о
ӷĽŵѾǺɫÿ߳һڵѪӡսûֹͣ¾ȴκεΣ⣬ǳʮǰĳԶɽǳ籩˶ˣڻû˼ǵˡʮǰĳǳ˶ˣڻ˼ǵģҲȥ롣񣬳ӷɱ¾ŵǳڵⳡȲʮǰʮǰҲǾˣ
СӿȥһģʱֶΣȴ׺ݡѾͷߣﲻȫ
֣ǲܶһˣǻһ߰ɡ
У䣬Ҳ̰֮ƻᣬһֽģҪҲҪ֮һ
⹫ɽڣûգǻһɣ
˼˵ˣҪԣ죬˭Ҳ뿪
ӷѾվǰ岽֮ȴûɱȥ
صʵ֫ӷתͷףȥ顣ˣѾûˣҲˡ
ɱ
Ѿ˵һɱеĳˣѵ˵Ƿƨ𣿡
ӷһŭþͣ˽Ų˱۾̧ͷǣϾҪȥˣʱɱһΰɡ
ӷ磬Ұ֣죬ƴˡ
㣬Ѿûʸˡ
֡
⹫
Ҫӷӵϼһѿӷ˹ȴϵѪһ峯ӷһˣӷĵ̴ࡣ
⣬ѵ⣬⡣
Լôӷ˵ڵôһ仰죬һҪġ죬͵ȫ˰ɡ
ӷ磬ҽ컹ˣ㣬ҲҪġ
ǸʱѾû˸Ҫһˡ㣬ȥɡϾͻġ
ӷ磬ܲܣŹ
˼˵ȫҪͲһ
ڱѡˣһӳӷĵѿеĿȻתһ̣ԼŮŮ˹ȥ
ڱѽŮѾͷǾȥһҶھ۰ɣ
ҪòҪӲò
ֽŮŮڣһžˡ
ʣЩֻʣˣӷкڹһһźɫӳ֡
飬
ɫڵϱ仯Ϊһźɫ֩ƻʣ˸ס
ա
ʲô˼֣ɫ֩һգƻ֮ܲڣһˣǼҪǻˣʬˡ
ջأӷԾ˵㣬Ҳʧɡӽ󣬾ҵӰӣóֵʱһ㣬óֵʱͲ硣
΢΢˵ͷȻʧȴǣ


347 
һ֧ӷΪҸʷҸΧʷѳ˴䱦Щ䱦ȫǹҵȫǴӹĹеģȻС
ҵľӲû̶֣ڵȣȺλ֮˵ĵ
һ˱ӸץһȫڴԺУⲻ֪ľӣ㶡ǵ׸ǲκεķֻһֱڽԩ
λ쵼ҼңûѲҲûǵķ֤ݾͽȫҸץǲе̫ˡ
֪أ侯ӵģȫʶȻҲҪʲôڣԼҵ֧ӣԼȴһҲʶͷľԼҲûңͷľ˾ȻһУ˵һػ
ٸҷϻԼʲôԼҲҪκεĽƱ磬ȹүǾˡ
Уǳӷϵ˵ģྩģȴûֱӽǣû֪ͨص侯ӣöҸʷյķ磬ˡ
˵ʲôүλ쵼ʵ˵ʲôǼҲûʲô飬ǿɲƾŹҸǵȨ
УһԺĿʯ˵Ȳ˵ĹһҲҲ˵ǽҹﵹȥǶ͵ƾ˽ܵˡ
˵λ쵼˽ǳϣ˵ʲôĹֱݣʲô֤˵ǵĹߣʲô֤˵ǽҵģò֤ݵĻʱϷõǣҲҪֻһ
УЦѾ˵ֻǹүһЩ˵ͻ¶ʱǶ׼ǳӵȫҹķЩˣǲᶯ˽̵ġ
ʵλ쵼ǹү˭Ƕԩ޳ģΪʲôҪǶң
ôĵӣȻ˵ǹүǣǻĲͷˡ
Уǹֵ£֪ӷݣҲ֪ټй˭ֵóӷȥݵģԳӷ˵ҪһˣһĻҪõݵֶ𣬾Խݲ̫ãǳҼ̳˵ݣҲκһϳʧ
УҪȽѵһ¶˵ͼһС˽˵׳үˡ
У֣ͣתͬʱӷѾӶҴ˽
УСܵӷǰһ˵ӣѾǿסˣһжķԸʱûжһˡ
ӷһģҲѾûҪˣ֪߼ڳӷƱر˻ɡ
ӷ˵ͷʵȫڰɣûܵİɣ
ӣһҲûܡ
𱨸棬ҿɲ쵼ֻæѡ⣬ܴҵһЩҪĶǶǰ;кܴİ
У˵ӣӦģȥκεĻرΪˣӦΪ˹ҵ棬ͼر
ܺãֹȻûɴ˹
˵꣬ӷߵ˶һҵǰʱȫסˣû뵽У˵ĹүȻǳӷ硣
ӷʱ򣬶;Ѿ֪ӷǸ¶ˣ֮Ҳϲһ³ӷ£Щأӷѧϰɼã״Ԫ֮⣬Ͳκ˿ɵݣڣôһ¶ôҡһ䣬ΪһʲôүأЩ˶ģļҵĹӣ
ԭһУ㰲ŵģ
ĵųӷ磬ɳӷȴһΪȻ̬ȣ˵ȻһУǾҪʱץ׼Ƕ֮ԷչڣΪǰûǵùˡڣˣҲǶҳ군
û뵽ҶΣȻֻۡһ£㵽˭ܲĪ¼ɣ
˭㲻Ҫ֪һ¼ǹУ˵˲㣬ҪҲǳǹҵķɣǣǸʷһܺõĶġ
ͷǳڣڵΪʲôӷ絽ԼҵıȥⲻǽԼҵһжչ˵ǰԼ̫ļˣļҵĹңԼ̫ɵˣɵȥһˣ
ͻǲôĵģҵԼҵǱ⣬ûô׽ȥ
ӷ磬ҶеĶôҵĵ𣿡
أ
ӷһʣĵӣӵĵ
ӷ粻̫ʱ䣬У˵ˣ
붡͵鷿ҵ˰ţ飬͸ϴһҪãһ⣬˳ӷǰ
Уľ˼ôöһȫɵۣô˵Ǿˣܿ㷴Ӧ˹
⣬ȫǵĹģ
ûˣҪϻˣȽж
ӷ˵ߵһСǰӴ򿪣ŵģŷֲͼĸͭǮ
ͼ⼸ûõͭǮãĶȫϽɹңڸô㱨ͲҪҽ˰ɡ
УȻ֪ôϳӷҪֻǼ۵ĶǹŶҲǼͭǮѣҲȥţͼʲôرͼ֮ģ飬ֻС˵Ӱżĵ
ӷģ֪ʲôʲôʲô˵ʲô˵
ܺá
һ־˽еĶᵽԺʱһңѾ
ǶҪԵģǷͥˣҲͲˣãи߼ʮģ˵պл档ȻҲұҳӷ磬ʱȴš
쵰Ҹƴˡ
һͳ˼û⣬Ҳ벻ʱӵϼһӷ˹ȥ
ӣСġ
У̰γǹɲóӷ£Լ޷潻Ҫù
УǹӷһνӿųԼĴ󺺣ͻȻһͬȰӰ֪ʲôط漴ֻһԺлصǶҴ󺺣Ѿ˵ϣϣһۡ
һ˵ƽղŵ׷ʲô£û֪ӰǷֹû֪ǶҴ󺺣ȴˣ


348 Ϧ
ӷΪеģ˵붫ΪеģѾȫˡʵϣԳưԻֻȳϦɽʤǼʽΪ˻ڵ
ྩů̹ǵĺҪٵڲŻٴ١
ʱڣ˻ڵϵһͳ֮⣬ྩһ£ǱǳӷĶ񣬼ʱྩĳλͷ쵼֮⣬̳ϵҲһѣԣڴ֮ǰྩЩ쵼ˣеæˣǱҪеĹãһʱʲôӣԼɴñҲͱסˡ
ڳӷԣûн̫ϣͬʱҵδϱδŮˣҲСŮǰ㣬ųӷ磬˶ǸæģȻڲڼҿС˵ˣһֱүྩ棬ڣѾྩתһˡ
صྩҲѾˣӷ绹Ǹǰһ齻پȥڵϵܲԲ֣ӷԻ⣬˸òֵʱҲǴ¡
̳ϵ£˵ӷ罫ҵΪƸ͸ɣὫҵռΪУϵ飬ҲûκεȤǣڳӷ罫ҵ͸֮תһ֣ЩȨ飬ȫżҲ˵ӱŵܲżǻҵİ֪żһϰˣ֮١
ڵӰ⣬ڹĻֵľֳѾصྩǲǸȥкˣ
һҲ¥ڣżǽʱӷ㱨һ£ͬʱɽЩȨ齻Լ¸˳ӷ磬£ӷҲûϣΪǳӷϵ˵ġ
һ治ٳϵ̫Ӵ
ӷ̾˿ӰһҪܵģΪݵĹϵӷҲøٳϵ̫ĽʣҲԽ콻ģ
ǣǸĻֵľֳµҩĻⲿӰҪһӳˡ
ʵҲҪԳġ
ʲô뷨˵ɡ
˵С⼸춼ڷŭ˭ҲȥܲôС㡭
˵СȥǸֳ
ֻҵ뷨ѣĻǡ
⻹е㲻㣬СѱȽǸˣȥǸֳҲСѲó棬һϵྩСӳǸĻֵľֳҲǩ֡
ȻӰӷѾˣżҲųӷ˵֮ˣܽǸĻֵľֳŸô¾ȸһ䡣
һ£Ҳ֪òþ
ʲô£
ǹ˾Ϊкŵļ룬ټⲿӰͶʣѾкܶǸǹ˾ǩԼ¾ҪˣǱҲǹ˾ļǳ̨ݳҲ֪òǹ˾ȥμӡ
õ㻹ԥʲô᲻ôʱͰž͸ڵǣȥǰɡ
ûô򵥡
ôμӸҲ鷳
ǵģȻǹ˾ǩԼǣͬʱҲ˾ǣ۸̨ĶСôǶڰϣʱޣǱ˵ǣʱҲһ̨ܻʡ
Ҳ˵Ĳ߻վ̨ԵģһҪʱ̲ž
ҲǣǱǰ˶Ϊڵ̫࣬ÿһŴԼµǵʱ㴺Ĳ߻˶ǹ˾ǣҲ뾡һа취ҵģϾںܶ೬ǡǷĹϵܺãֻҪǷ쵼һ仰Ĳ߻Ҳ
ӷ˵ôһκܺõĻᣬǩԼǹ˾ǫ̈̄ĻԺǹ˾ǻԽԽࡣɣʮ죬㽫ǹ˾ǩԼȫϾȥں飬š
ҲҪϾ𣿡
ûҪڳϦܹȥģΪϦ֮ҹҲеҪȻõĻᣬҲȥôУྩ£ڳϦʱҾͿԽ
ĶϾҪˣʱȥǣС᲻᲻ѽ
żɿɲСˣȻὫ͸ȨֽˣҵʱһϾˣҲҪĸ׸⹫ǵġ
żЦЦ˵һ£֪òʡ
ʰɡ
׻һôݣ
ż֪ӷһݣҲɵȻӷܽӼŪһȫµݣྩĹԱӷЩѣһǴүǴС㣬󲿷ֻǾģⲻòżɣӷ᲻Ǿ˭ҵĹӡ
ҵݣ֪֮⣬һҶ죬Ȼףڣֺαضء
̫ˡʵԾ˵Ȼ򵥣Ҳֻһʱеѡ
ĶǺģûй㣬Щ£֪ʱȻ֪֪ʱˣҲûá
סҾȥϾˣ
ȥɣߺȫ׼ãϦ֮ҹֻʣһˣ


349 
ʱ죬תۼ䣬ӷྩѾ˵һͷ
ϦĵҼһæµţ׼ϵҹ극
ں˵꣬ԶôãֻҪ˵һ֡ϲơ֮Ļһĺ͵ˡɶڳ˵꣬ԶΪʹģһ׬Ǯһ죬Ҫһ֣ѹ궼ҪܲܶŲ˰ɣ鷽棬鷽棬ֺܴ⡣
ŵĵӰѾˣżҲѾճӷķԸڳϦ죬ŵǩԼϾһͬμӴᡣ
ڳӷ磬ҪȽڵϵҲԳУֻнɽʤǼ⻪ŻڳӷУһζĴɱɱѪпֶȥƬɽĻǾͻΪһŷɢɱҲֻϷ㣬ָһͻᷴ㣬ӷ粻뿴·
죬ȫ񶼺æӷ磬æڴ껪ڵ֮Ҫ̸ǣȻҪϾǲ涼ԼһҪȥһ˵ģһҷ棬ҲֻȷˡڣԶɽ۶ǳˣǲȥںС£ںģǽĴҵ
ʱ䣬ҼһѾһԲˣǼҲѾȫصྩһ׷˸һ֮⣬پ֩˶ྩ׷ʯͷѾûκһˣǵˣǳӷеֵܡ
Ѿˡ
ܲڣսȫۼһپߵӷǰ˵
ӷ翴һܲмڷŵһŴӣʮ˵ĴӣϵľƲҲѾ׼ˣʱҲʱɽͯʤǼˡ
Ǿͽǽɡ
һᣬͼĸˣ˽ɽʤģһͯʤһ¡оൺŵİ¡
¶һɵǽ붫ܲļ˺ϵı飬˷츲صı仯
ྩ֮ǰͯʤǶ룬ͷսôˣҲûڵһۼȴǼ꣬ûһ͵ģⲻòͯʤǳԾѵⶫ⼸Сչƾ⼸Сӵ͸Ȼһͳڵʵ̫˼ˡ
ӷͷλûپӷͯʤǰ˫˵ϴһ£˵¶پλһ·ˡ
ͯʤŵİ˫໥һۣͯʤǲ˼ı˱ȭȻЦ׹һ֮ѽ
ͯͯΪλһ¡
پǼһһͯʤ˫һ飬֮ͯʤ˫˳ӷ磬˶û˵е㲻̫ţǰǶͷϴ󣬵£Ҳǲš
λϣӦþǾɣ
˫ͱͯʤС꣬ڻڵϣൺŵҲСģϺž޾ƻᱻʣһССൺţ붫ΪУ
پ˵ûλǵľҲǶĴˡλʺðɡ
ͯʤ˫һԸ⣬ΪԱΡ
ʣմ
ͯʤʹ֮ܲڶʱɱڣ׷ٵƶͯʤǰһֻסͯʤĲӣɭɭʵıʣûء
һͷӱϿһУУ˵Ŀ£
׷ְ꣬ɣɲܶǵĿôûò
ǣ
׷꽫ַſͯʤ˼ҲǸһɣͬʱҲͯʤ˫ĵһأʵģǧʡ
ӷӵߵѾڷźõǰϣ˵λվˣǻǱ߳Աİɡ
پһʰͯʤ˫໥һۣǰ¡
ϻҲ˵ڵĻһôͯѾ˰ɣ
ͯʤ̾ྩ޷ǾͶǼȻѾˣҲ˵ûǶΪеôֻô;ɡ
ͯᡣҲͶӲҪǽɢ߼Ҷ
ӷ⻰һͯʤ˫еĪ˫˵Ǹµô
ôôչȥôչҲǵ⣬Ҿ֡ǣȴֻҶķְһ˾ӹ˾һУҶ¡
ӷҪģͶǰеͶʲô壬ͯʤ˫Ͻ᲻֪
پ˵뷽ڴĽҹĺڵ棬һȲ˵ǸصڣңĺڰҲʱǻˮصע⣡һֻʣһɣͻ˼йĻᣬ뿴鷢ԣҪǶԼĵ̾Ϳˡ
֩ӻҲڻϻ췹Եģ˵ҲǵϼңҲ뿴صĺڰȽǵķɣ
ͯʤ˵ȷǻôң˭ưԣǶ뿴ǻԣ㣬Žͬ뷨
ӷ˵ȻˣҲͲϻˡڿʼ˫ȸ£ҶǲᶯһµġҪסȻǣͬҲʱǣǵļ˸ˣǵѣ㣬ҪҶͣӦúˡ
ͯʤ˫ǿɲĸ޾³ͷȫˣ
ģྩ֮ǰѾˣɸƻһҲྩġ
ǳáǴҾƱһƣһѣӽҶﲻᶯǣ˫£Ҷһʱ֧Ԯǡ
ӷ˲뱻Լĵ˼нԼ֮⣬Ҳ뽫ĿȫԼϣ㣬ʱĶǰģҲģӷҲҪ뷽עɢԼŻߵøԶ
˵Ƿγʤŷչȥ˵˫Լĵƣ£ȶסԼóֵ׼


350 ٴϾ
ӷ磬ΪʲôҪʱܵ˵˶ټĸ׸⹫𣡡
վڱſڣԵĺǲҲ˺ڵˣҪ쵼ˣٶŰɣǼλ쵼˻ԼδŸ⹫м̷򣬾ôɫҲηģ
ӷЦġ˵ˣϱ綼Ҫţ¸ʲôѽҲֻǰ˼ѣ
ⲻһүүְǿ飬ǡ
⹫ǻΪĳ
Ȼģ⹫ĸ׿ɲһˣԪףǲҵĻǺ鷳
õģ⹫ҪԵĻҲȵˡңǵĻ»үүնģүүǸʲôƢ⹫趼үүΪѵ㻹𣡡
˶٣ӷ̾˿˵ң⹫ǣ治֪ôȥ¼飬Ҳһ֪ǳڷ籩Ҹģָȶ󣬾Ҫҿھඣ
Ļ˭Ҳסǳ棬ŵ棬Ҳĺܿ죬ܲң
ãǳ棿
үү˵ˣãһֻû¾ã±õļһ
үүͦʺҵġϲ򲻵⣬˲ǵʱǲԸ⶯ġ뵱ʱҸյྩʱֻƽƽĶѧȻҷȶĹȢӣȹһڣ㿴ҵ˶ı仯һеı仯ΪʶСѲŸıģ
Ҿ֪Ǹûĵļһ˵һ
ѵӺ洫ӷһתһãλС㣬ӣȫؾˣ
ôҲܻˣ
ƴţ࣬ޣǬɱ˻ƴţĳ嶯
СӺġڼλүӶ֪һ𣬲ǽĻͷˣңûˣǬǲˬ
ܹ˭ûϲǵϵڱ˳˷ˣŲ㣡
СΪ㣬ҪͶ֡
ˣһ˵һɣôˣСһص˾ǻظҵʱǺܵģ
Ľ鱾ͲؾǣȻ¼ˣԼҲүӵ˼ϰȥˣûʲôõĵģµǾһˣ˵ǲǸˡ
Ϸ˵ʱĿһɣϽྩǣ治˴ĵط
ƴţ˵иע⡣үֻǻû˵һҪؼҡϷɢһȫ֮ذϦˣ֮һһĻྩȳ綩ʱٳ֣үǾǲ취ˣ
ǿ쿴оˡ
ΧȺȫȥֻü֧Լٶȳſڶռͨ·
ǳϦѵϰˣôôˣ
ҿһʲôҪǹңġ
ΧЩȺڵۣƴţȴǵһӦеǻܣűץѽ
Ľ˵ٶȿ죬ȥҽһܡ
Сӣܣվס
һƴţ˹ûƴţܵĻᣬֻһߴ³ץס˻ƴţץס˻ѡ
СӣѾͷǻһ˿治ѽҪү϶ǲؼңصؽץǵģ
ߴлưαнΡ
֣ûѽⲻ׼ؼ𡭡ץʲôѽץţŶԣҿûʲô£Ŭġ
ٷϻϸһȥ
ưһۿӷǼ˵Ҳˣ˭ҲܲˣٸǼһˡ
ӷѽʲôѽҿʲôûѽ
壬죬ǲǸûؼҼүүˡ
һ˴һ޳ίǡ
ץңԼʶؼҵ·λھԼԼɣһˣ
飬㻹ʲôϸһȥ
˽ĽݲɼίԱǣȻĽĸס
Ǭĸ˳Լ˹û˵һ˫۾Ǭ
ӷ磬һؼˣֵϼɣ
һʱ䣬˶ץ˻ȥʡ³ӷˣ˵ǿ̫ȥҲѽץˣ
ӷЦǴȴûһѧõģҺһѽ٣⹫ûץҡ
ˣҪȥ⹫ǾͿ㣬и׼
һСʱ󣬳ӷԼҴԺſڣֵǣڴԺ⣬Ȼһ˶
ô£أ
ӷ磬Ҿãգе㲻Ծѽôıŭ
ԺŴ򿪣ڿڣŭѾͷȫҹ¡
ڣӷСùڵϣһӣǷŭӤȻѾͷǰȥеӺȥһĵӡ
ͷӣֻǵС¶ѣбҪ𡣴죬кӹŶ಻ѽҵĺŮ̡
ʹԼŮҪǰӤȻѾͷ
˭ҾҪ˭ÿ
ŭԱߵԽĽøԼҵŮ˵
ƣĺŮģҲôѾͷЩʲô⻹ûˣõĲѧȻȥƼСѧ˼ҵĵ궼ˣٷȥԺ󻹵ˣ
⹫ⲻܹǣǸƭǵģеѵѵѡ
ӤȻС˵
㣬㻹ˣ²ϴֱ׳ҽ첻ȣ
ңҲ˵ԺҽеṆ̀Ȼٴһ٣ҩˡ
㣬ңҩҲֲǳͷȻзƲЩˡңĻǼҩѾͷ˳˼䣬ﲻҵ˵ģڱ˰ǸˣǵãȻϹͷƣǸˡ
ӷ翴һĻҵ˾ѾˣԼɲɱѽһ֪ˣŹ֣
ڳӷ繻򶨣ԼڵҲ֪ʱȻҪվСýΧˡ
⹫ģͱˣӤȻǶССӷϵ۶ԭµġ
һӷˣӤȻվ˴
ǻСأܴǵġ
ӷ磬ôҲȴ绰ȥѽ
ͻȻһ㣬
ӷ磬ÿ⹫ѵѾͷٸˡ
Σ⻹ҵķˣ
ӷЦ⹫ҪˣҲҪȷѽǳϦҹʲô£ȹ˽˵ɡ
˽죬ԼˣŲɵѵأ
˵ĶԣǳϦͷӾ˵һɣ


351 ϱϵ
ԼҵҹԵıȽһӵˣգȴе쳣Ȳ˵֮ǰŭδƽϢһɣɫĳԱе㲻ڣ׼ȷ˵ɺܲڡ
ڵ壬СȷѪгɣδһ죬Լܸôλҵ쵼ͬһҲÿһڵ˶ģҲǲ̫ܵģֲܣƫƫˣ
ԭӦǶõ񣬾˶ΰ׷ͺڷˣģѾӲԼµŮʱ
ô⣬ݸλһôλã֪棬Լ쵼һ쵼ڼԼֻһףһүүѣ
ӤȻѾͷûһ㺦֮ģڳӷֻˣҲ͸ӵķ
磬λӦþǵδɩɣ
ӷЦôУǲġ
ǿɾͲඡǸ
ӤȻԷϲȥˡ
Խ֪ԼĴϱٴŲʱǼò˵Ϊá
Խʵɣ
Ѿӵֽӷǰ΢΢ͷشǵģ
Ẓ̇߰ʵǲ֪ôڣΣĿǰҲֻƺˡ
ȻһӦ֪ԼңһôĴڡãݣ޸ӷ磬ӷôİ˵᲻ӷĺˣ
ȻԶɽһҪҸŽӷ磬Լȴûзóӷ·Ĵ㡣
Լйĵλ˵Ȼλ߾·ӷԼΨһж·ڳǵķ£Ȼһһĵ죬һԪ׵λҲǾпܵġ
˵ӷԺλ߾һ·δӣ;Բаĺڵ򣬶ڳӷǰ;кܴӰ졣
ûпӷ磬ѰŮˣȻҪԼңҲ׼
û´Ļĵģֻҵݶѣ㣬ģҸӷ綩ҵ·ı䣬ҲֺڵϵˣҲȥƼҵ顣
⻰óӷ綼е⣬󲻹ܺڵϵ£ԼôͲ֪ء
Ŷܺڵϵ£Ժʲô㣿
ϣģˣһλҵʦܻ֮ڣҲʦһ졣λҲȫǷһλүүүү¼Ҳ٣ʱսձӣһйҲÿһй֮ˡ
Цû뵽ѽϹͷЩ˵ĿоȻһλѵãѵѽ
ԽʵһӦǹɣ
ǵģүүһֽţɾһҵ۹Ҳ֮ˡ
ʣ˭ӷԱʵ
ʨ磬һƸֵʵںڵңܲ壡λһŮ˿֮λģŬģȻȱ˶ĶࡣȻҲٲүүĽ̵
Ѿͷ˵ͷϲ
֣ȱ˵һ֪еĵ˭ԽԱ˵
ԥһ£˿̵ԽɫЩѿ·Ѿµĵ˭Ƶġ
̽Ʈ٣裬ʶ۷壡·ҵĿ꣡
һʱķǳӷ磬˵ֻһֻɣ˵ȥˣ
õĲѧѧЩġҪѧϰĻ˵û㣬޸ӷ磬Ҳ޷ϱ
ϱ֮ĹϵԹںϣϱŮǿˣ־Ůǿˣһǽӷм䣬治֪ô
ӤȻʵ裬ɩ˵˭ѽΪʲôҴû
죬Ҫ˵
Խ֪ԼĴ˵ĵˣżìܣϣҲֻ˵ĵˣýָԽ죬֪ˣǺεȵţ棡
ǶìȻѾȥ˶ʮ꣬Խ񶼹ڻ˵Խխλ飬ʵԽʹ޲ԣ¾ôŪˣжԵŮˣһˣ
ͼӲ̵Щӣһ˵һɣⶼһˣɳΣպʲô·վǸӣԺ̵ʲôǺãʲôǻɣڣȳԷǴ᲻Ҫȥ𡣡
Խ첻ٶ˵ʲôҹ
ڳӷʵӷ磬ôŹùúйѽ
ӦǶʮǰˣŹù֮ʲôìҲֻ̫ϴξŹùͻȻǣҡնν鱻֪ˣаְѾŹùôҵħϵڰûȻҿɾһŸ߳Ĺ
ô˵֪ŹùйڣҾͲ˵ˣ
ô֪˵Źùõȥղ˵ҪѧŹù
ȻģȻߺڵ·ˣҲ￴С˵ɣҪҵȥǾþŹù·ʺҡ
ԾŹùõ·˽٣
һ㶼˽⣬û
ҲֻŹùһΣ֪᲻֡
˵ŹùЩϵͷѾԽԽˣгԽֵơңһ˵ŹùʮǰѾ۷֮УѾˣ
۷ʲô
һʮǰѪħʮǰɲʦޣȫ۷ϵĸ֡
ҵʵܲܽ۷񣿡
ڵ񶼽ˣָ۷أٹɣ
Ҳԣǿ۷ֵİ񵥡ȻŹùö۷ϣǰҲӦڰɣ
ֲڡ
Ϊʲôɲʦ۷ϣΪʲôֲϰ񣿡
ãһһ֮ȫ֮ˣҪϸ۷˵ˣʮѾ䵭ЩʮǰûȤڣǲмһˣ
ǲϣǲмϣǿʨۣ


352 1
ڰ˵׼ʱʼӷһ˳극ѾߵˣҲ˵ỹаСʱңӷ绹֪żǱߵ
Լҳүӷ֮⣬˶ҪȥᣬԽ죬λ쵼һҪġ
׼ûУ׼Ǿͳˡ
ԽŮװԼӸ÷ÿһҲǴŹʱ·װǾȥѽûʲô
ӤȻѾͷѾȲˣ͸պ׷壬ȥȻЩνľǣȥںϳЩʲôСƷԱ
̣Ƕ׼˸Ͽ߰ɣǿɻҪῪʼ֮ǰ»ǩء
»Ѿǻϲ
̣Ͳ֪ˣȦɶҵģ̨壬ȫЩСӣһζûУûɶÿġ
Խǿҡͷڵĺӣʵڲ֪ô˵ǡ
ӤȻҿɻҪҷֺأ̨˵ĸƵĺòá
Уҿɲϲֺ̫ˡ
̣ҪȰǴ̨ȥŶ
ȥҲ̫㵽̨ȥ
Цһ̨ܵЩǩҪǴ˳ȥЦôǾǣҲ׳ƵϷӣڹŴʱλȥϷģĻʵۣͳͳǻԽɲκλЩνǣǲȤ
ӷ磬ô·ѵȥ𣿡
ӿ߳ĳӷһʵװȫ¼һ𣬹ҲٿִŸԽϯĻҲһᱻЦġ
裬ȥɣһеҪԼȥͿˡ
Խ˵֪Ҫʲô£һ㣬ǳϦôǧֳʲô£С£̵Ļһ£ʵڲоʹ绰Сţ㴦
õģ֪ˡ
Խϳȳȥֳˣ˿̣һͣԼҴԺſڣ̴Ա˹ӻϰһľơ
ղŲûЩһԭǶˡ
ӷ磬㻹ǸϽ°ɣǾͻྩ
𣿡
ⲻ²µ⣬кܶҪģû֮ǰҾûǰΪãȻҵģ
ᣬֻǲѣϾݲͬںܶ£޷ͬģ
ӣҪҪȥֳһ˽ưԺʵ
ˣǰôƻʲô
ģÿĴһȫ׳׳꣬׳ĹǽȺƣÿ궼Ҫľдλ׳
ԭӣ⹫Լȶѣƽֲȣֻܽˡ
ʵ˭֪ȴû˸˵ˡ
ˣæǵİɣԼȥͿˡ
ǹ·Сһ㣬ʲôҪһʱ绰̸Ϲȥ
ģӽ»ܳʲô¡
̹ŴƵ꣬żųӷ磬ˣѾŵļǰֳ
ڵˡ
ڣżƷǳڽӵӷĵ绰ڣľͿƽ
˵ɣǱ߰ŵôˣ
ܴǹ˾ǣһҲ̨
ʲôһҲ̨ô
ĿǰҲ֪ôһ¡Ĳ߻˸쵼˶Ѿ˸ǹ˾̨ܳҲмͬһ̨볪һ׸衣绰֮ǰҽӵ߻˵֪ͨ˵ǵѾ۸̨ȡˣǹ˾ǲ̨볡Ҳһ룬Ҳ˵ȥǣһȥѾӵ˵ˣҹȥ֮ǰȫڳϣҪ³ҲҪ볡
ӣⳡỹҲ鷳Ȼǹ˾һ˿볡Ҳ֤û˸ԣǹ˾ѹֻΪǹ˾Щǣ棬ǹ˾Ҫǿ
ѾûʱˣĻᣬһֻһΣѵǾ𣿡
Ȼܷɣȸȥֳ˼ϣ֮齻ҡ
ˣҾȥˡ
ż뿪˾Ƶʵûѹ𣿡
˵żģ̫뷨
Ҳ˵ڴѹţ
ǿ϶ġ
ʲôˣ
ڻ֪ͷӦòǺܴ󡣡
ô
룬⾩ǣӦûûҽ˵ɡӽΣԷӲҪԵĻֱƲҲɱˣǷҲץҵİѱ
ҿ취볡ʸŪְɣ벻ˣǱǸЦ
šҴ绰ţλСҪ㼸ŴƱӦò⡣
Ȼ·ȥᣬʵе㶪ˡ
㻹Ұ·׼ˣ
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353 2
ΪϦҹ֮ȴɽ˺ΪĴֳ񳲣ƱģȻ絽кܶصģˣصܵΪľǿⳡᡣ
ĳһ䣬ͣ񳵣Щ֮ͣص˱Ƚ٣Ҳ׼ͣġ
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޵ŮһɫҲŵǩԼǣݵӰģǸ֡
ȲҪһ뵽취ġ
ŵһһ߰µǣһߴ绰ż
һᣬŴ򿪣ż˳Ҫ绰ĸ̽ԼΪ˳
ܣڸô죿̨ܳݳĻǻȥˣҲǶˡ
ǳʱһڴĻǲǶкܴİŵĵһӰҲ𵽺ܴİ
ҷģȻҽǴ˹ǲ߻Ǳ߳ʲôҶ뾡һа취ôҳ̨ݳģңˣͬʱ̨һҲ©
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ǣţҲòżѽۿҪʼˣԼЩȴûҲ֪ԼЩֻһܹ룬һ볡ʸѾ߻Ǳ߸ȡˣڣָǼ볡أ̸̨֮¡
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ˣұˣ볡֮˴ǵضλȥ֮飬ҲѾźˣǾ͵̨ɡεݳһǲǴӺ̨ģֱӴӹϯϳ
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׳ӴǼŮЩǡ
ǣ⣬ʵ̫ˣӵ꣬й֮޲ѽ٣ר飬Сӣ̫ˡУһҪúý


354 3
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˵߻ύѣӦǰݷһˣֻΪǹ˾̫æһֱ鲻գθպý贺߻棬Ҳ߻ȥһ棬һж𡣡
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߻Գǫ̛ɣ̨ĹԱʮҾϴ߻֮λ߻̨ĵλҲԲףҲ˵ĺ̨һǿӲҪⴺ߻˵λӣٻҪȸʮҡ
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ϰô˵ˣΪһεʧܷһ飬˵߻Ҫ˵׵ġȻǹ˾ļ޷̨ˣҲ֮߻һλԺķչ·
˵ҲΥ̨ԭ򣬾ȨƵˣҲ治ˣ


355 4
ʽʼȫѾ޷ˣȫˣûһλӡ
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⣬治֪ճʱϺʱһ绰ͿԵྩľӹѵǡ
ſһԽ죬ӵĻţѵ˵ӷĹӣ


356 Ĵ
ĳصѨѨھʲôطʱ޷⣬ѨĳԱ֮⣬Ҳû֪ѨڣڵܲҲǴ峯ʱڷչܲڡ
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357 Σ1
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ӷһֽսѨλһ⣬һѽƵ˵ϣʵ˵ɻʲôط

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ôɱĻҲܻˡЩһɱҲɣھȻҳôһɱ֣Ҳɱ֣ǿǶѽ
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358 Σ2
׳ˣˣ
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360 ս1
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361 ս2
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˵ĵ˾ҵѣձӤҰڵĵˣȻӤҰһӷˣ˫ͬĵˣҪɱӷġ
ү˼ǣǵʱҲǰྩۣ֮ӤҰһɱ˳ӷ磿
ǲҪ档洣Ϣй¶ң޼ڳӷ³οˣ룬Ļɱӷ磬޼ӦòģǾԱ߿Ϸɣֻȳӷһǳ۱ضһ𶫱ҸձӤҰ壬һУڣûκεĹϵ
ҡ
Сվڻ޼ߣ޼һذףڻҴɳϣɭŵЦݣ˵Ѿһϵеļƻ
СףˣӦӦȥ
޼ûзеǰɵ᲻֪ϢǷƸԼģĿľԼӤҰһȥɱӷ磬ȴԱ߿Ϸ
үһͨˣòϣӣү֮£Ҳڳӷ֮¡
˼˵ˣǲȥ
ҪүľֻҪүľС׶ģ
ţһྩʱһڶŵʱһΪӷı˰Ҳ޷ֵġһβһȻӷѾձˣһͷСĸ֣Ƕ˵Ǵ
үձӤҰǸϹ֣
⵹أӤҰһձûʵһôľ磬Ҫɱӷ磬ӷǱҲֻȥսˣʱӷ米ĸһ֣Ҳ֪ǸֵǺηʥӷЩǲԴġ
ڣ޼ΪӷıиӷЩ磬һжԼ²ģʵĻҲͲΪӷ粻ӤҰһĶˣ
ȥһ£⼸ȥྩɡ
ãܹȥ̫磬ҿɲóӷ˿ķǶǵǲʺϵʱ
ΪӷɵĶ֮ϾҪˣԶɽѾǰྩסྩƵ꣬Ƶ㾭һ졣
վƵ㾭ߣģȴû
Ѿͷô˵ǲʲô£
Ƶ㾭ɺüȴûƵġ
Ѿͷ
үү𣿡
Ѿͷһضûˣүүδôãôк򡣡
ŶҸղ顣үүְ֣˼
ԶɽЦɣ˵ӷϦҹԼҹģ
ǵģүү
ôδʲô
ĸпѽֻҪܽҾͺˡ
㻹˵˵ʱɡ
ɼϦԼҵ˵һ飬Զɽ֮󣬴Ц
ɣ㵨ӿ治СѽȻڽǰҪ·ӣɲһСѽ
ѽҲ֪ôһ¡үүŹùǲʲôìѽ
ȥôˣˣˣɣӷܵʲôطȥˣҸֶྩһˣôӰû
˵үүһ֪ģôѽ
ѽŮʵڱѽ
û취ڵСӶЩϹͷඣ
Զɽһڲ裬ߵĳʵۣ£ʲô
һνӣ˵ûʲôȻӷ棬ǾȥɣֻҪ˶ʱͿˣȻһû꣡
˵֣˵ǸӤҰһӤҰһĶӣӤҰһ洫ǲҲӷֶΣʱӷͲԿˣ
ֶΣĻʲôֶѽһ㣬ҲˣȻӷԼ棬ǾӦÿԼıȥ棬ˣܶˣ
֪һʮǰδ֮ˣΪСҪ֣ʵе㲻̫ܣֵĳӷ絽ʱԿ
Զɽ˵ɣ㲻õ̫࣬ȻӷһսһбʤİգҪӷ̫ˣǿ󣬻صĺ
Զɽ⻰зʹ˼ȴ
ˣδ׼ңҿǻȥһ¶İŰɣʱɱʲô⡣
Զɽվ˵ǺãϹͷһͬȥ
λү뿪ӳ۵Ŀ֪ʲôǸνӡ
֣Ȼүүӷ磬ҵĵҲǶġʱĻܸܲ˵˵ǰ飿
۵ȼһ֧̣Цǰ飿֪Щʲô£
ڻķ粨ǵôģ
۳˿̣˵ȥʮˣѾˣҲȥˡɣҪģǹǰЩ£Ƿδӷ·ܳӷ·Ҳգߵһôĵز˵㣬ǻҪԼġһһͷʨӣŽԨȥһĻ綼ᱻɱ㣬Ӧס
֪ˣ᲻ʲô⣿
İɣֻҪ㲻˵Ҳ˵˶죬ǲ֪ģҲţȻӷӦ㣬п˵֮ǰջ;Բʧԣ


362 ս3
ྩΧɽ࣬ɽ֮⣬ǳӷ統ʱ׷ɽˡ
ɽһɽһƬƣһζ
Ϊʲô⡮׾˵㣬ȴ޷׵磬ÿεҾۼ֮е׵񱻹̶סƵģͲҿƣӷѾˣٹǴߣǳӷ綩ӣͬʱҲǸձһеĵһ־սӣɵڣӷΪû⡰׾ĵѾɣȴ׵磬ʹĳӷƣ
ӷ粻Զһʯͷϣ˵ϴΪͻƣ׾ĵڶ㣬ǿΪص˸ãҲΣʱ㽫Ǳȫ˳ڣûΣصҲû֣׾ĵѾɣȴûȫȻ׵ˣ
ǵϴ׾ڶʱҵΪպһ׶Ρѵ˵Ҫ㣬ҲҪȽҵΪһ׶𣡡
ҾͲ̫ˣҲûֹѽҲļڻʱ䣬;ɣ
ǲף⡮׾ֻ߽׵Ĺôô鷳أԺõ˽𼶵ĹѵʱҪˣЩĹƨ֣߼ǵ׼ȴ޷ͻЩͼĹ޷ӳ߼治֪ĸ쵰Щ˵СӣѾǺ˵ˣǰЩ뾡һа취òһ꼶ô׾͵õһףﱧԹ治֪ô˵㣡
˵Ͻ˵˵û׵ģֻɵ㣬ҵΪŻ
ڲѾ˵ֻǻ֪ȥƣȻ׵ˣõİɣźܿͻͻˣ
ӷΣԭ˵ӷͲҪʱΪģƾԼеʵһֵֻ壬ԽǸձϹӸ㶨ɳӷ벻ǣȻ˵ձϹӵʵһôľ磬Ҳ˵ӤҰһڷɻʵģʵڳӷ֮£ڳӷ֮ϣ˽ΧɼӤҰûƣǸձϹӣѽ
󸣬ֻ˵ǸϹӵʵΧ֮ϣȴûиңӵеģʲô
⻹˵𣬼ȻԳҵΧȻˣ
ʲôձҲߣ
׼ȷ˵ӦǶһ͵İɣ
ʲôһͣѵ߻ΪüͲɣ
ǵȻͬ磡Ƕߵ۷徳ԶٳǱߵ磬ͬĹˡǱЩ߱ߣħߣȻ붫߲һ˼һģ֮ǰ˵ʲôޣ͢Щ֣ӦȫħߣҲߡ
ǸձϹҲѽձͬڶôһ桭ħߣ
Ҫȥˣֲô֪
ǲҲһʲôħýѽ
̫Ҳûȥ
ӷ̾˿˵ϣ׻жҲ֪ģ
ȥˣԺȻͻ֪ġڻɣ
һ¡ղ˵ҲħߣΪʲôɲǣҲûħѽ
ҹԼ֪£ҲħԵȴԵǸʦŽΪһߣ
ħ߸Ƕʲô𣿡
ûʲôֻǶǿģǸֲͬĹħǿԪģħҲΪԪܵеͬǸ޲֪ôǸδ޵̳һߡ
ħЩ£ӷϿƻ˼Ҳࡣ
湦ħħ˭˭ף
ǧҪҪԵʵ۸ߵ͡
ǸձϹӵʵҶ٣
̫ⲻǿ𣡲ţֻҪ㽫ΪڣĹ壬ӮˣҲܣ
ʲô˼ѵǸϹ
ڻ̫˵㡣һ龳磬ѵ㻹ѽ
ӷЦ龳ôˣ˭涨ͼͲսʤ߼ģǿƾĳʵ֮⣬ҪҳڵʵǿҵܵС
ӷķһЦͻȻ䣬еƿʼӦ˵е׵
ô
󸶼һ£ܿ㷴Ӧ˹˵ԭҪɵ׵ĳ˷ȵа֮⣬߱İСӣ죬ͽڵİ뷨ȵаķ׵硣
ӷ粻ϻ̰ս˵ȥеķȸ߸߾ֻе׵¡¡죬׵ۼ˳ӷķ֮ϡ
ɹˣԭôףֻҪöˣ׵Ҫ٣ж٣
˵̫磬ȻѾˣΪδȫۼڵ
ʱ䣬ɽΧһ壬ȫӷ߾ۼ˹ٵıӷڣӷҲʱ򣬽ڵȫۼ˵ﴦԱһ壬׵ȴûֹͣвͣڷϣһһֽ׵ȫ˳ӷϡ
Ľϣʹĳӷȫɢǿҵ⣬Ҳض
ڳӷȻ۾һ̣һǿ˳ͳһ磬˷ȥ
ڣڳɹˣ


363 ӭҪ
꣬йΪϵķסÿĿͷ֮ҼһҪ׼ŽӴԵѣҲҪԵѼȥݷãһֱڽ
ǴߣҲڵһ죬߹ҪʼæµŸԵҵѧҵˣ죬ྩڣȴӭ˺ܶЩйͷ쵼ˣҲиˣкܶƽﲻ˵ĻٿţͳͳۼྩǵĿĽһǾΪһ磬ⳡ磬ҲԳƵйĶˡ
ྩУ˵Ľʡ쵼ˣûһ˿иģҪڹĵλÿ˵ڵһ仰ÿһҪɫһãԼɴñҲͱסˡ
Ȼͷݵ֮⣬ҲкܶС̳ϵ˸ٳϵ֣Ӧ˵׹ϵģ˵ˣȴ޷붩ĳء
ྩƵſڣྩһ֧ӸྩྩأǲǽĿˣͬʱǰȫĸˡ
ѾһǰѾ˳ֵ׼ҲѾеһȫźˣеľ˶ȫװӭӸλ쵼˵ĵͬʱҪ˹Щˣβνشѽ
ʮһĿѾھӵı½˾Ƶ꣬еĹ쵼ˣ˻ѾȫˣĿǰλãпģֻнŮǣǵڶûг֡
ɫԽԽѿԽҲһ仰Ҳû˵⸸Ůϯ֮λϣûиκ˵ӿʼڣר˸дˡ
ڵһжλֻŮǵǳⳡҲʽʼˡ
׼ң죬ǸϲӣǾͲܴЦ𣿿ɲҪÿʲô
Խ˵֣ӷҲ̫ˣ˵Ѿüûؼˣ£֪𣿡
죬ӷѾСˣӣ֪յģΪҳжҲЦ֮£ͲöˣһͬӭǽҪĿ˰ɡ
ҪĿˣ
˵׼ңп˲Ѿ𣬻ʲôҪĿû
Ա˵⹫ܡ裬ӷ˵绰ң˵Ѿˣһȥӭһ£ڻ׼·ϾͻظϹġ
һԼͷ˵ԣôôҪˣ
Ԫ͵վһʱ䣬ʱսϵֳˣˣжӡ
һֻһĿˣȫܵǰһֱӣһͬʱ׳ָʾ
ãһĻʹһˣЩĿȫɵۡȻ֪λߵݣû뵽һ͵ˣһȴѽ
һˣڽǵľȫչֳȥӭԼҸҵĴˡ
˻һȫˣоڣһᡣ
ԼҸҵĶˣɣҿǶĴѽڹڻǹϣǶĽɫ˭ҵĶˣ
еľУһֻǽȫһִıЩ˿˵ǸģҲûŹʲôѽ⣬ôһ¡
̶ۣó׵ӳҪ죬ϳŸҲóĸ׵ӳʱ˼»ӡ󣬲İӷ罻ǣ
۵˵ͷԽվһǰһվȫ
ھƵ֮⣬պһͣ·ߵĳվԺˣӳ
УԺǵĴǮɲƱġ
˾ǲмĽŹϣԺһĵǸ
̣Ҷ˵ҪѺӴˣһ·ѽԺﱧһӣ̵ﱧһӣ⻹гӷİ¬ߣˣ˸ĶǳǾĽ㣬ҲǳӷĽ㡣
ӷѧУ鴦ûУӣôҪܵѧУȥѽԺʵ
˵Ҳ֪ѽӷʹ˸绰ңҪȥǣȻƵ꣬˵ҪһƪģϾ͵ˣһĸĸǵġ
ӷ⺢ʵ̫ˣż˻ҪдġҲãʱŬŲڡ
ԺԺǿ쿴ѽƯŶ
ҲԺǣֱӳƵ˹ȥ
ĴдʸлҲǿЩӳģ֮⣬ǶǵһУڼ˹ȥд̽еСܣ
ѽ˭ҵĺӣŲ۾ѽôܣ
дʼСѾһŮˣǰСǸ˼СӲ£
Ů˴һдʵˣܲˬ°ϣһྩɣ
ǵģǴģλˣղʵڲ˼
̣ղҵģСС죬ί
дȻ˭˭ģɱϾ磬Ҳ˵˵ĲǡٿŮˣһƵģҲǣ
⺢ô˵ģСС;ôûò˻ˣ
ι˵ôСӴʲôеˣһʶûС
ѽѾͷ治СȻ˵㡭
ס졣
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ʲôѽ׳ǲʱġ
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¬ʹӣúί˵ӵǸ
СѾͷղ˵ʲô˵һΣ
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С㣬˰ɣ̰ɣԺֹ
ⲻô˻ȥѽһǰʵ
СѽϾͽȥˡ
࣬ءûһãλ׳ϾҪˡ
ʲôⶩỹûʼ׳ôͳˣ
˵ӭʲôˣҲֻ֪Ҫ峡ѡ
Ǻãæҡ
ǣˣλ׳ѾˣǻȵԱȥɣ׳ǽ˿ˣٽȥ
Ǻðɡ
˵һԱߣԺǵҲ˸ϵԱȥˣй쵼һͬɱʲô⣬ЩȫҪù
ӷأôѽ첻𣡡Сʵ
д˵ǣӷ⺢Ӹʲô鶼Ӱϴ绰ȰѵطǺҴطˣҲ̫ѽ
˿̣Ƶе쵼˸ڳԶɽĴ£ȫ˳ȴһߣеļȫ˸ɢˣ
ɣأԶɽʵ
ɵ˫Χɨһ£ⲻ˵ȺУһСŮе쿴ɽ㡣
Сһγ˳ȥγȥĵطй쵼Ǳߡ
⣬Ҫ⣡
ԱߵǴ󾪣ܹȥҪֹСŮСŮѾ˸ȥҲԺǴ󾪣һȫ˳ȥ
СѾͷߡڸλ쵼ǰ֣ȴϣ˹ʵʲô
ƣС㣬ʵڲ˼⣬ϽǸߡ
ס֡Ҹӷļˣ𡣡
ʲôӵġˣ
ˣȫ¡
еľȫˣԺǾվй쵼ǰԺҲûע⵽մӾƵ߳ĶЩʲôˡ
ԺΪһ¡
ڳԶɽǰ˵λӷүүԶɽλӷ⹫ţ͡λӷĸĸ۸Խ졭
ΪԺһһ˳ӷ֮󣬲ŶԳԶɽǽܵүү⹫λԺȫӷڹ¶ԺļˣҲǸӷ糤ġλҽҲǵһμӦþǵӽֱ߽ӷع¶ԺԺŮˡ
ԶɽϼˣǰץסԺ֣˵Ժʵ̫мˣûǵĻҲҲӷ磬ӷн죬ǵĹѽ
ҲǷǳ˵λǴҾԼҵĴˣϹͷʵǲ֪˵ʲôˣ
ԺһѾסˣǰЩˣɶֻڵĹ쵼ѽôһȫԼǰһôԼ
Խңǰڵϼ
ʲôģѾܶˣ
¬ͷ˫ۿԽ죬
ʲôģֻӷĸ׶ѡ
һ£λȵһ¡ҿһҴطˣҲһϴˡﲻǸĵطˣǸǸԺʵڲ֪˵ʲôҲ϶ԼҴ˵طӷĶᣬӦڱĵط
˵ԺûҴطˣǣȷӷˣӷĸ׾ǹӷĸףŵĴϰ塣
¬ЦӷСӾȻƭǣ˵ʲôĸǸССĹԱСģССĹԱȻһСĸ׾ȻǸɵйҵϰ壡
㣬ϴӷ֮ûǣΪǶˣͱˣʲô£ǻǽȥİɣӷҲ쵽ˡ
ǺãῴڽѵСӣ
Ժ¬㣬С㣬˵
ҿû˵Сô䣬ǸСܵܡ
ǰ˵λС˵ûӷ粻ҵĶӣҲǹ¶ԺĺӣԶܸı䡣
Աߵһż⣬ôÿζϳӷѽȡϰ壬ǵ˰˱Ѫù


364 սɽ֮1
ྩ⣬ɽ֮ۡ
ǵϴγӷڴ˸տʼ׾ʱѾһɽˣʱ䣬ɽѾӣĽĹķǳλûк֮ء
ӷ쵽ɲΪ˿ԼչɽһսģҲ˵һԳӷΪǿľսˣΪԷʵףͷС
ǾǷ죬Ƕ޼˶Ҫ۱ʵĻڳӷľս֮¡
ձڵ񻰵ĴˣͬʱҲձһеľ֣ˣӷСӡ
ˡ
ӤҰһ˿ʯ֮ϣǰѶ󵶷ߣ˿ȥֵʮ侲û˿ľս֮⡣
ǻĹ֮û뵽Ȼû·
ӷûκεҲ˵ھսʼ֮ǰӷ粻ὫԼȫչֳǶˣͷӷҲɵԼĵȫչڵ˵ǰ
йһĵطǵҺСʱҵĳ͸߹ҡҪйչͱȥ˽ңҵˡ
ӤҰһվߵĶҲǻһ˽һֱӤҰһİ֮ӤҰһС
Ƕǹң˽˶٣
ܶ࣡ܣйˣ˽⡣ǣЩŵʷҲ̫ȤȤģֻǳҸڡ
˵죬ֻǴҸˣһսҵļ壬ûκιϵ
ܺã壬Ǹɫһ治̫ɱˣ٣ڲõĽһܺõĶ֡
ǲӦ˵л
⵹ã˽ϻձ
治֪˵أɵ档ɫͲãˮ㲻ˣ޾ĲΡЩҪҪǣҲлҵģΪ̫ϲձˣձˣԣǹңͲûȥˡ
ʨĶӹȻ񡣳ӷ磬СڳҳҲһ֡ȴҷָʮ֮ãҲͽڵģҾͲţʱ䣬ܴӿʨѧʲôֶΡ
֮ǰѾ˵һսҸ֮Ϊҵļ壬޹أҲκûϵˣʱѾˣֻаСʱʱ䣬Сʱ֮ڣ֮һսҪְɡ
ðСʱһУҪµ
ڵıԵ߹ΣǸطѾȤˣҲȥ
ȥȥ˵㣬ġ⣬ҲЩսѣԶһ㣬ˡ

ɽͻһЦЦΪɭ漴һһŮɽ֮ۡ
޼
ӷתۿȥ޼СףȻʱ˹ӣ͵õϢ
Ȼ޼֪£Ƿ첻֪ܲ
ӷʵӣҪģսģȰѻ˵⵽ʱһƲãͬһˡ
ӷ磬ż첻ĿԽԽˡûϵקҲק˶ˡ
޼ߵ˳ӷӤҰһԱߣ˵ӤҰһģҽֻսģ֡鷳ĻܳҲһѡ
˵й˫û´ĻӦþй˫еĶҼ̳˰ɣ
¡һҲҪģȽϵСļһҲܵ
޼˾ս̫ϲ˲֡ǵսģվԭر𶯣Ҳͬһɱˡ
ˣҿûʱϻʼɡ
ҵˣӵĺӡλƼҴС㣬еĹ쵼˶ྩƵأʱ˽ʬ͹ȥǸжྫѽ
ûǸ
ӷ磬Ī˵ڣְɡ
ӤҰһеĶ󵶻ʣһ̶ĵɽɽΧȫˡ
ǿĵ⣡㻹Ǹö֡
ӷǰڹһֵȻõҾýɡ
һѴɫĳ˳ӷУ޼С׵˫۶˳ӷĳ֮ϣСʵүǲǴ˵еһϦħ
޼˵ͷ˵ħӣӷһѾľѧѹ޿ˣ
үǸô
ȻɱӷˣڡȰɣȳӷ米ĸһڲסǸϹʱٶֳӷ硣


365 սɽ֮2
ɽ֮£ѸϷѾӶֳ˹ǿɲⳡϷң˭Ҳܱ֤ⳡսл᲻ʲôһӷΣգŮ˵СҲܰϵæ
СѣǾȥ᲻᲻̫ʺϣϷе㵣ģϾǳӷӤҰһ֮ľս˲֣ǾսеĴɣʱ˵ĵľͲ̫ˡ
㵣ʲôѽЩձӶǽֽϹӸˣձ滹ܳǲɡ
ǺðɡǿɲҪȥǴӺɽƹȥĻ˹ؼʱ̣ҲܸձϹһ
ע⣬ǻʲôȥɡ
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366 սɽ֮3
ӷӭ֮ϣ˫ĶŲԶӤҰһ
˿̣ɽ֮۵ΧһǿҵĺţȴκνļĺӾۼɢγһƹСİɫС
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һĸˣһߣһħߣһ˵ĲʦһԱĸһһߣǳӷ컹޻ˣ


367 һһˣһ
һһľսܱĶһ
ǰĸ֣һɱŮˣԭֽŵĳӷ磬ȴֵķǳ侲еķһӣڵһĺۼ
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ӤҰһɢֽһգ޼֮ӷ磬ϻٶϣȻ޼ǿһ
С׸ǧֹҲѾˣķλãͬһĿ꣬ۿӷѾһߣ󸣬𡣡

ʱ䣬ؼۼһǿǿȫۼ˳ӷٵ˳ӷڡ
ѽӷΪȵȫɢǿҵ⣬ڵġľۻʾҲѾ
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ӤҰһһӷ˹ȥӷŸջع漴һ⣬Ҳ˳ӷϡ
ӷ˼ʮףӤҰһһûиӷˣڵĺüȫˡ
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һѪӳӷĿӷһסԼؿڣϴѪڵĴ˵죬Ҳ
ӷ磬йһŻ˵ɽģˮǸս

ӷһЦ˵ʱ㡣
ǧֹڲ˵ʲôҲתˣҲʱֵģͬһ㣬ųӷ粻š
һսһһһģӷˣҲԷ˾޴˺һһˣһӡ


368 жĳŵ
ྩƵڣ˵ı鶼ǳѿԽ죬˫۾мҪðˣûκһˣȥ˵Զɽڡ
ԭһֵͣȴһˮ㣬Ǿеֲ˭Ҳ֪Խʲôʱᷢ쭣λԼŮһڳ˭ָҳ
顣
ͻȻһԽ̲סˣϯ֮λ͵վһֺֻݺݵǰһģŭˡ
ָϣྩļ쵼ܵԽǰСʵ׳´ָʾ
⻰һڣϾͺˣʲôѽԼİɣʲôָʾʲôⲻû¸Լ鷳
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Խһŭʲôϸȥҡʵ̫ˣôȣӰҲ
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ϣʵڱǸⶼҲãĸûλʮǰһʮҵ˶ӣΪϵûúչڲŻġģôⶩһɵģҲҵĶӸĳЩһ´֪Ρ
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ԽԼҵˣһ۾ܵ˳ӷߣԽ켱ӷ磬ô˳ȥҽԺ
裬İɣֻ·ϣ˼ļһǴһܶѣûʲô󰭡ڻǲҪÿٵȰɣȰѶꡣ
У㶼˳ˣһҪȥҽԺ
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369 
һеĿ˶û뿪ȫྩҽԺҽԺҲѾӸΧԭסҽԺвˣȫתԺȥˡ
ӷѪһ׼ʱǰ˵˶һɶκһŮ˶ԣһˣҲΪܵˣúҸ٣ֵһȥ
ѸϷںܺڣڵʱΪʲôӲɽ˵Լ˸ȥӷͲ˳ˡңЩҩҲȫˣһŵĻӷҲҽԺĲҪô
ҵˣԼҵˣƵ㾭үȫվ˲⣬ȴҽļ顣
Գӷ˵ͨҽûʸ񿿽˵Ϊӷˣɽ𺺽ڽ֣ӷƣϳӷ籾ߣƣҲѾȶĿǰΪֹδѣڻԵС
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ڲĵϣϵֵʮֵġʧȥʮ꣬ʧãڳӷֲ֪Ϊʲô˳ܲģ˫۾Ѿ޺ˡ
֣ҲҪע壬ҸھͿˣǸȻؾƵϢɡ
˿̣˵˫ۣȫ˳ۣɳȴһԵĽ䣬ĳ̣·ʲô鶼ûзƵģ
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ԱߣԺǵ˶Խ⻰ʲô˼Ҳȥʡ
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ӷһԾһµʱ䣬۾ʱ꣬ѾˣҲ˺ܶ䱾ùĺӡ
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ӷ磬ڻǺú˰ɣҪǿͱҪкõǣԶ޷Խֵġ
ҵʱ䣬һȫ֤ҳӷΪ۵ĶΪ٣ǳΪҳӷĸΪ١
Ц㣬һġ


372 лͷ
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373 һ
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ѧ㣬ⶼҪʵϰˣܵѧУʲô
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˵ӣ㲻ڸǿЦɣЦ
˭㿪ЦˡʵǣҵлͷѾȫˣһµѾ١˵һٻӶˣ쵹ùһˣӲҪͣ
˵ųʮ飬Ҫ٣
ɣһף
ˣҿģ˵ˣѵҵһֻץסᣬɾûˡ
ݡ
㵽ҪҪ裿
ˣһҲԲҶ٣
ģѾ˳ԵģȥǮɡ˵
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࣬һǧˣ
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ӷΣԺƣһѧУʳãԼһǧˣѾ˲ţ
˵ӣǮǽ軹ǲ裿Ц
Ƚǧɣʱ仹㡣
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ɴȥˣ
ѽ
㣬㡭֡Ǯ
죬ӷĺƣԺƣ


374 ҳ
ྩѧѧĵһλڽУһϣصҲûѡκֳΪ˼ǿѧУ԰Ȱྩѧļλ쵼εĿѧѧУʾҲ˵Ǹãʦĵط
УǼ˵Ϊǿλԣ˱Уʦ֮⣬ྩÿһѧĴʦμӣҲ˵ϣྩдѧྩѧһҵĻˡ
ѧ֮ЩСС֣ӷһȤûСȻѧ֮ѧУĿҲΪʶһѧУ˧Ů׽ܲһ
չӷ뿪ȥܲپǱߵ˵һжپǹɳӷ绹е㲻ģĵȻپǼİɣ֪˶֮⣬ļһ᲻ʲôۣǱֻ᲻չʲôжԸԼ
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ӷ绹ΪѧУˣһ룬ѧУʦЩʦбҪô˷𡣿ǴϵһʦͶʮˣȴƵģѧۼĵط˹ȥ
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ģԼʥһΪǸŮ˼㶼ᰮ㣬װƿǻأ
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ƴ٣ǻƴţǼһļһѽڸԼҲӵƵģƺҲ˵ˣ


375 У԰1
С㣬ǳлӰæгղμεĻҴʦл㣬ͬʱҲӭĵ
УһЦݵĸ֣ҲǷǳ˵Уˣܽӵȫ֪ѧ룬ӦҵҲŶԣ
ܺôʼնһԱһڻĳЩǶ˵ԱֿԳ֮Ϊڵӡɷ򣬲۶ߣλߣͷһϷӣйŴϷӣûλģ
УЩȫй̳๤̵ʦǵŬ£֪˶ٹҶҲ˵УЩ˱ЩԱ˵ʲô棬Ҫ߳㣬ҲͬģŻ˵ܵõྩѧ룬Լң
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ΪУǵĸУ԰ҲһĺûᣬϾྩѧȫصѧɸղҲ֪ԭѧУⳡֻΪȫѧľҾ;ܾݳˣ
˵ѧУôѧʦأԭЩϵľȻ˶ˣУָ֮ãΪʲôҪߣ
Ҳ֪ǹ˾ĵӰϾҪӳˣҿɲΪκֳκβõšڵýʵ̫ˣȥƿ֣ҲҪдοྩѧôˣ
С㣬㲻õģǲκμߵġ
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ȻӶˣѵҸ˵һ𣡡
סǰôңԺôң֣ʺҡ


376 У԰2
ҹ෴һҹྩѧʮ֣ǽУΪֵһˣྩѧʦȫۼһ𣬾ྩ⼸ѧѧԺҽѧԺȵȵʦྩѧʹྩѧĴ֮ڣģһλҲˣ󲿷ֵѧȫվŵġ
Ȼྩѧıûô˵ģֻΪྩѧݳϢܶ˶뾡һа취ҪǽģΪľǿǣĿеŮ
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һĻĻྩѧĶУ⼸쵼Ѿʼüͷˣû뵽һѧԺᣬȻ̾ľۼ֮أ⻹ǴѧЩҤʲô
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379 ȫǽ䱸
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Сֻҡ
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ӷһ绰ǴģǴĽ顣
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ӷ磬ôܣҪѽ
ФȻܵ˲ٳͬʱŸҲ˻
⼸Ů˲һеܻԼԼİΣӷ籾Ӧø˵ġΣʱӷȴòģ󺰵ǼܻʲôΣգϸ뿪ȥ顣
Фֱӷǰסӷ֣˵һߣ̫ΣˡڱҪǣһⳡ𱬷˭Ҳ
ڲߣкҪҴ
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ӣһҲ߲ˡ壬û´ĻĶӦǾۼؼΪаɭ֮γɵİɣ
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ӷ磬ɭγɵģ˴ġ
ʲô˽ɭ֮ʲôˣΪʲôҪ
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һѧԺǳԱ˳ŵģǲ⣬Ҫֲ¼Ҳĸ㷨ѽ
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˶٣˵һУҪһ鱨Ա˵𡣵ʱǽӵϢ뷽һ鱨ԱǵõʲôҪĶǵʱõĶҲˣǸ鱨ԱպøǺѡ֮ǰ͸ҷһⶨʱʼʼ˵һҴǷֶӵжԱȥһˡȵʱҲ֪ΪʲôҶЩ֮ҲЩ˷ǳͨǾۼڱһСׯûʲôرģӲʲôֲӡһʱҽЩ쳣ľٶǿʼһʽһڽʽңõļƷһҴδĶ˵һִδֹǸʱҾ;ԽԽԾǾͽеĹģһֱЩˡ
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ৣৣৣৡ
ͻȻĵӰڲٳΧͣţӷ綯̾ۼһ
Сģʱᶯ֡

Ц𣬳ӷתͷԼ֮ǰڵ֮ͤϣͼǣվһ۵ӰڰĹϵòӦǸŮˡ
ৣৣৡ
Ů˵ΧһȺڰҪڵĹâţһᣬ˵ӰŮ˵Χͬһųӷˡ


381 ħ֮
Ȼ˶ѾˣҲûҪ룬ֱʣõķ
ԷʲôΪʲôôĶ֮ǰӷҪФǴߡ
ǼţٲߵĻûˡ
ӷ֮ǰĻڳÿһ˶ˣФǼͨȴһ䶼ּĸӰƾճֵģФǼŮ᲻š
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Сӣ˵ǲẦģ˰ɡ
󸣬Ϊʲô
㻹Ƚĸһ򷢵ˣ֮ٸʯͷ顣
ӷҲ뵽һ㣬Ҳûʱ룬˵ûӰŮǿУ㽫ǸߣԼͶһݵΣա
ڽǴ֮ǰ˫ҪĴ𰸣ǲٵġ
ǣʲôˣ
㣬ʲôˣ
ӷӰŮʳͬ⣬Ǿͬ㣬ӷӰŮ˸ûǵһ¡
ӷЦЦ˵ȻˣҾҽһ°ɡҽгӷ磬ңӷ硣
ӰŮĸҡʱһ㶣໥֮俴һۣһ˵㣬˵ĳңǲŹǸң
ӰŮҲ֪Щʲô˺һ˵ǵ˵Ȼӵмȴ൱һˣһֻ֣ܽȫǣһˣǿĿռ䣬һΪ磬һΪ磬֮ϣֶ֮ϡ
һ˽ӻҲ˰ɣռ䣬ģУȴִһǿļ壬Ǹǿļ壬ֿԿס硣ңҼǵ˻˵ǸǿļУûһ࣬ǣճˣֻ֪Ǹǣһ˳յˣҪ죬ܶ죬жԶܶԶһ֮ͻģǣ
ӰŮ̾ӣһ治һĵù磬˵Ǹ塣ղǸظ֣ɾǳΪǿǸӷǸ˵ĶӣҲ˵ǳҵļ̳ˡ
һ˵˻˵ûҵãˣܴ򣬻Ҫ֡Ȼǲ֪ΪʲôҪȻԸˣһĵ
ӰŮ˵˵֣ǲǶˣ˵Ը˵ǶҪֵĴڣǾﶼҪ֣֪ǿһôĵز
㣬ڸô죿֮ʯѾᣬҪֶ𣿡
Ȼȥһ
ӷԷֹʲôʵڸǸңʲô˰ɣ
Сֵܣ֮£Ҳƽϣ֮ʯȴ֮һġʹ˸ǣڡ
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ӰŮѾڿն𣬵ȴûһ仰
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ѵ㻹ȥ𣿡
Ǻ㣬ͲҸ㶯ˣ
µĲңӦүүҰ֡
һ³壬ǵʲôˡ룬Ȼ֣һ֪ĸһ¸պ鷳һ᲻ϵġ
ӷ˵ͷùѵֻһ绰ۡ
֣֪
ȳӷ緢ʣ˵ӷѽǱ߳˵⣬ҸүүҪϸϻԼڹСһ㣬ҪǲҪ⹫ǲġ
绰Ҷϣӷѽԣҽˣǲ뽫¸߳ӷ磡
ָүүʲôɸ˵ܣǳңһôĴڣ
һеһУͬһ޴԰㣬ңЩʲô£


386 
飬ȻȥྩΪʲôͻȻһУܸһãȫĵĴ𰸡
ֵǣྩѧȻû˿𺦣Ҳ˵ֻħָ֮ҽĳ֣ûиྩѧ˿ƻĸǿ뿪֮ྩѧĲٳָӣͬһþ㣬þ󣬸ôģô
ֶӴ˿Ȼ뿪ྩǻҪ뷽㱨εǸһԽһϻ飬ϵݣȻҲǹϵĸǿߵݸȻԼ˵Ǿֻȥˣ뾡һа취ȥ飬ϾԷ̫ǿˣǿ˿ֲĵزǳӷһѣ治֪ô
ҹУŬȫеѾˣӷȴûôù˯ǿ϶˯ŵģΪܶóӷ벻ͨ
ѸϷڿᣬĽ黹ڰڼͳӷɣлƴţǼȻӤҰҲڳ
磬ڸôʲô֣
ƴţһʵҲ֮Ĵڵնʱܽš
ţǼһӦ֪һʲô
ӷһתͷԱߵĽɫ󡡣
ԭ˼£˵Ƕң֪ģҲǺܶ࣡
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Ĳ֪ǵǣȴ֪ǿʯͷ
˵˫۶˽󸣬ûǿ֮ʯҲǳҪΪĸصǿߣΪ֮ʯģ˵ܴ֮ʯϷֵʲô
û´Ļĸһ˵֮ʯӦûһְɣ
ӷͬ뵽ʲôƵģʳĻûƴţȫ
˵ͷ˵ţ㽫ǿ麮ʯ֮󣬾Ӧ뵽ʲôֻұǸӺԾԭԶʱھͲӦôĶΪʲôڻͻȻ֣һ־飡
飿
ɶ˼
ɽ˵ӷ磬֪ʲôĻǿǰɣҲи׼ѽ
ӷ˵Ҹղ˵ǿν֮ʯһ֣ǸӦǣ߲ʯ
߲ʯ
ɵڿٵתţɲǱΪйˣҪԶʱʵ̫Ϊˣ
ӷ磬˵صɣǶ̫
ӷ̾˿˵ǹҵ񻰹УһβĹ£룬Ӧöɣ
ӷ˻һ˶һ
ƴţ˵磬ɲҪǣŮ洲Ǹ£
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ɽ˵˵߲ʯǴ˵Ů洲õǿʯͷ
ӷûκεԥ˵û߲ʯ֮ǰǿ֮ʯֻ߲ʯһС飬һС顣
˵꣬ӷ罫ڹ¶ԺõĻɫʯͷʯͷȫ˳
һʱ䣬ȣܿʧˣΪʯͷ໥֮ţˣȫʧΪͨʯͷֻɫȽҫ۰ˡ
飬Ǵ˵Ůʯõʯͷ߽󸵱ʱң߲ʯֿԳ֮ΪӡʯӡĳЩԭϣ
˶һһ㶵ģڻƴţǶԣӷ˵ģֺγһ񻰹أ
ҲŮ洲Ĵ˵Ǽ٣ģ߲ʯֳ䣬ʲôǲ˵죬Ҫˣ޻̸֮˭ҲȥŵģΪˣ˵Ĵ⣬ǽĩգ
磬ܲ˵ʵʵģ˵ˣƴţЦ
һµĻȥҸ̸̸ɣЩ£ҵġˣ󡻹˵ԶʱڣŮ洲죬˽֣ʲôϳһҪϣǣŮ߲ʯһӡ
ڳЩˣӷҲûʲôǵģǶ޷εĻϣûֵóӷȥˡȻӤҰͬӷ֮ڳΪ˸һᣬһͶЧԼĻᡣ
Ϊ˲ŰǳĽڹ¶Ժ߹ӷЩ˵һ飬һ˼Ĺ£ƴţһ治֪ǸŻǲţŵĻʯͷĸصǿߣָôȥأ
ڽ˵Щĸһʯóۣһ
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˵
˵õİɣ
õľǣԶʱŮõ߲ʯֹһ飬һ飬˵ǼʯͷƬĸһ֮Ƭ;ӦøԶʱڵŮһΪ˷ӡʲô
ȷǸĽۣӷȷģҲͲȥʲôˣԷֻҪõҪĶǾӦò
ɽʵǻأ
ӷɫĲ԰ۣʵڲ˵ӲҶ룬ɼȻ뵽һ㣬Ҳܲ
ľǣƬԶʱŮ洲õ߲ʯѾ⣬ԲŻģ֮⣬ԺӦû½Ƭ֣
ӱ˵۲Ǻ⣡˵ģ߲ʯӡһģ߲ʯ⣬ǲ˵һ磬ӡסˣֻ֣˵ӡ·ڣѾѺۣǸǿѾ
ǳԾԣ˵ĸһѵǱŮӡǸˣ
ӷ˵ͷ˵ţǸѾһһͨխڣ߲ܵʯƬΪľǷֹʱһα˷ӡȻһжҵĲ²⣬ҲϣģΪԽ˵Ǹļһ̫ǿ󣬾ڣһǵĶ֣
һЩһĶ֣һˣܱҪǿ󣬶ңӦ֪еһУ԰ǽ⿪ţ˵
ӷ˵˵Ұ֣
û֮ǰҲˣĸһﲻҶ֣ηĵһˣ㸸סȻҲ֪Ůӡĵһô磬㸸ӵеֵһô֮䣬һĳֹϵֹϵӦ÷ǳ΢
ҸһԶʱھͱӡйϵϵǳ΢ⲻ̫ܰɣ
ӷ磬绰֣ɣҲǸѽ˵
ҵĻͲʱүүܵȥˡ˵ʲôų⣬ǽڣͲЩ¡
ӷ磬ôǳйأ㿴ҪҪĸ˵һɽ˵
ǧ˵Խ֪Խã֪ģֻĸļһ£ڳ֪˭Ҳ˵ȥ𣿡
ƴţΪĺƽұ֤˵
ӣıӣ


387 Ӱ
峿ǳůͣڵ˵ѾһˣɿҩȥάֽҲԸ⿿˶ǿԼǿȣ
ӷڱСƺСʱӦ˵ǳ峿ؼԼڣǿֻϹΪŻȥ
òϣ㲻ǿ󣬵ҲС
ӤҰڳӷ
ӷ粢ûתֻǿǸո̫˵һ˵޵ģ䲻Ҫ㻹ŻձĻֻܽµˣ
ڻ֪ӤҰ֮ǰӷͲձȻ֪ˣǾ͸ӲܷˣԼһ󻼣
ѵĲѵĵӴԼҪ𣿡
˵ģǸϹӣλʮδĸף
߶Сӷ磬Ҳ¸㡣ӤҰ˵ֻһһǳͨĻҲޣȴܵй㣬Ӧúɣ
Ҳ˵ҵӤҰ壬ҳΪͷǰɣ
ûҲ֮ǰôұ磬Ҳ״ģ֪ĵʵ̫ˣʱȥձ棬㽫ܵС
ӤҰߵӷߣӷһůů̫˵һôǿҲƵģͬһʱԵĵ̫࣬ǾǸԼ׼һڹײģһֻŲڴϣһֻȴ̤˹ײָо𣿡
֮ǰӤҰǰɣһոСŮڣӤҰ˵Ļĳ죬ǳе
ȷӷڵĵ̫ˣù˵ɣҸڣ߶ĿǰĳӷӦģټ̨Ĳ̼ңһ⼸ͬʱԳӷ緢ƣǳӷ罫ܳ£ȥһձӤҰ壬Ǿ͵ڽձڵˣ֮䣬ֻһľ롣
֪ʲôսʿ𣿡
һĪ⣬ӤҰеͷԣͷһתһ˫۾ųӷ硣
ӷת棬濴ӤҰ˵սʿԶȥսԼĶ֣ǵĶ֣ǱԼǿġûĿǰʵɾ˵ϵÿһˣһǲģȴƫƫˣǣȴûжչ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ΪճΪǿʨĶӡ
һ롣ȷճҰǶʮǰµĿʨⲢǹؼΪҰֻүүǶײҵµģڵЩǿ֮ԲΪǻҵĵϸ
ϸ㻹ʲôϸ
ɽһսŶ޼Ƿ죬磬Ѿоˣҳӷ粢ӣҲһӵܣֻ῿ż壬ҫġ
˵ɽһսӤҰڶ֪սֻ֪ӷ˵ĺء
ҪǣˣҸ磬Ӧû£ӤҰԲʲôġ
û˵һҲûȷûʲôˣֻһжѡʱϹӴһɱҵģˣ˵ļӹһӡ
ʲô˵ҴֶԷ㣿
ôţ
ǲţҺ֪Ķһôܲ
˵ˣΪһûҵĵϸҲ
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ӤҰһЦ˵ɻǻѣ
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ӷһЦЦԵɡ
ৡ
һӰ֪ʱվӤҰ
ӤҰȻתһֳɵ˹ȥ

뵶֮ײʹССĲƺϵȫӤҰ˫ԡ

ӤҰˮΧתһȦҲΧڡ
˫̵ͬৼӤҰƽˡ
ãһձߣһйŴ̿ͣõӰ֮һڿʼǣҲȫµĻӰԱ֮һ
ӤҰһ仰û˵ͬʱʧ˳ӷǰ
ӷ磬ĵ绰
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ӷѸϷΪæһͨջãѾ˯ˣƲǲ𴲵ġ
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绰ӷҲûʲô£˵ʱ𣿡
ࡣ
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ǵģǰ̨Ϸʶѣ֪ྩصҵģҲΪǵµӰġ
ΪʲôȥԼȥˡ
ҪΪϺǼ£ǶΪѣԡûʱĻˡ
ȳԣҰ˵㵽
ллϼˡܲܲ˹ΪǼѲ֪ݣ»ŵǡ
ģǻҺԶġ


388 ̫ӵ1
һ˵Ĵ뵱صȻʱһʲô⣬Ҳһͨɱ˷Ҳһҳߵĺӵܣ±˷֣пЩĻ¶ǡ
ϵǣڴϣµľǱϳĴź֣ͷһɫñӣһɫīһ֣ʱһǼľƵ꣬ȻȻ˵Ŀ⡣
ڣǼƵ겻·̯Ƶ֮˺棬ҲǰĴ̽ʲôǾƵķԱҪģǽӴÿһĿˣΪÿһ˷
һеȰڣŸһ룬ͼͱŮˣڰ죬Ȼȴһ۾ֻ֣ܿʵʵûıȡ
ǵĴǵˣǣϽʻӭѽ
ȹŮЦݣɳվ߹ȥŮҲ֮ͬ䲢İŮ˶ͬһطǵĿ̨ˡ
ڼŮʱҲǳˣô˵һѹȵļͥ£ϤѣҲе㲻˼ġ
㣬Сøλɲҳѽ
⴩ȹӵŮ˽в࣬ЩǸŲͬҲ˵ȫйֽһɣûùӳ񣬶õ
ЦСţǽˣŵͷˣԺҪЩŶ
ʵŲϲͷǫ̛֣С㣬ɺҲֽ̨֪ǿţҲȥͷϵЩƺ
㣬ϻ棬λ㶼СõʦˣԺӦλСòŶѽ
СţȻǺˣȴûһӣǸǰһЩԶ޲ѽ
˵Ůɫȹӣл÷ǴɫȹӵĽСݣ̨嶼Ƚϳȴδ̤Ӱ磬˶ģس̨żеĵŮǡ
÷źŵ֣ĸŮһɳϣСʵСţǽÿѵڵһɣĵһĿģΪ˿һλѣ㲻ǽѶҴɣ
÷㣬˵ġʵͲҵѣϴεΪ
Сţ˵ͲǵˡڲڵػǸ̨棬˭֪㺮һԸΪ㸶һУǰΧѽ
Сݽ㣬Ĳ
СţҿǻǱ߳ԱİɣҲ绰ѣٰһ£ɲʲô˶ѽһԸΪ㸶һеˣҲҪûиһʱ
ִɳ˲ϣʱƲҲѾЩԱĸǣǼΪϵҲֻ̫Ҫǩͳȥˡ
Ϊǽ֮һɡ
Ʊ
㣬ҿɲȾƣ֪ģҾԲưɡ
С˵СţɲУǽѵһΣٲܺȣһҲҪȵġ
˼ҴԶ̨ܹҲ˼ֻܾӲͷƤⱭƺȥ
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Сţڿҵѽ˵ǼŵµӰϾҪӳˣʱҪȥŶ
㣬˵ġǼλҸ˻ءӳʱǼλģû뵽ǰˡ
÷˵Сţ˵Ϊ˽ӰӣһӰͶʷǳ󣬲֪һôĳ̶ȣܸܲ˵˵
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˵Сţôһ˵ǶˡΪ̨ǱߵĺԼûڵĻྩͲȥˡ
С˵࣬˰ɡҸ÷˵СŵģǴڵؾסġ
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ˣ㣬Ҫˣ
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ôҵԼҸǶΪ㿪ģٲܺȣҪⱭġ
Ǻ˾ƱһЦʱͺΪǽһŽҪˣҲûȥںƾԣ
Сţ֪֪ҵǸˣһ̫ӵأǼҶǾĸ߹٣ܼ޽ǼҵĻǾǺˣҲøô࣬ͷ¶ˣ
Сݵ䡰̫ӵúһ£ǾǣЩŮ˶ǱȽģҲ˵Ҫ˵ĻһţҲúе㾾ӷǸȽϵ͵ˣɱʱˣ˵ЩĻ鷳ɾʹˣ
㣬Ҳྩ᲻
˵ϼྩڶھǹΪྩҲϹ˵ǼҵһʱӦþͿ쵽˰ɡ
Σϴ绰ӷ磬Ҫˣ˼Ҳѣ˼ҳʱԼһ١ѣɲҪֳʲôЦ
ǣȺһ绰Ŵ˿߽һʮҵˣһʮĹ󸾡
˶˽ߵǸǰϴű֮ǰŨЦ⣬˵ˣ
һɫװһǳɹȴǳ࣬ûаЦݡ
һ°ɡλҹùá
֣Цùá
´һ²࣬ǵ˵ͷȻֿϵľƣ˵ΪŮˣƻٺһȽϺá
⻰һǼ̫˼ˣ˵ĹùҲ̫޵ģ˵˵ǽۻᣬǾٺһɡ࣬ҶѾˣ̨ǱߵΪ˻ҲûʲôšǰҲ̨ЩС壬ʲôϸʲô£ͲҪ˰ɣ
ù÷ģڱʱ򣬱ĳϣǲȾƵġ
ţǴҶɣôȥзԱϵˣһǲǽþۻᣬȻˣͲ̫ᡣ
а˵õģùãȥˡ


389 ̫ӵ2
һ֮ľۻᣬŰùõĵױζǺţԭΪصԼģڿŮྩĿģ
ǼǷǳελϣһ仰Ҳ˵һԼãɺȴ˵㣬ҿһ߰ɣǶġ
⻰䣬໹ֹĹù˵ڵҲ̫ûò˰ɣһҪߣ˵ǵĵǵĻھˡ
೹׼ˣһţĹù¸ӡĻԼ֮ǰŬͶ׷ˣ
ùãʵڱǸСŻᣬ£еĵطǸ
˵꣬̽һԣСţ͵һӣٷ߰ɡ
źΪѣյȷܲˣˣŽöˣҲΪԼĹϵ˲ĺ¡
һ룬ҲһٷѣҲò˶ʱ䣬ɡ
㣬Ҵ绰ѣҪˣ
᲻Ϊѣ
ģҲ̫ϲֵط
Сţʵڲ˼ѵģڡ
㣬ǽ֮Ͳ˵Щˡ뵱һ˵ʱ̨ǶʱǶǳչңڹϵҸôƻء
ЦЦ˵ûϴȽԼҲһҪﺮһǸѣõĻͽһõĸ
࣬Ѿˣļýöڳǻ̸̸ǵĻ°ɣҿͬĻȥ̨ĸĸ
治һ̸֣ȴ£һĲŮĸĸŮѣ治֪ﶼôģֵǣ͵ĹùãҲ
˵õġùãǶʲôҪ󾡹˵ʲôõĵطһᾡһеŬȥĽġ
һĹùðڣڿǲмⲢ֣˵Ǿ̫ӵĻΪĸ߹֮ҪȢһԱ߸֣ʲô棬кܴ谭ġ
˵һ㣬Ҳһ㡣һĻ¶ˣǾҪڵĹΪǰҵϱԲͷ¶档
ǲģţϺõ˱ںǹҪʲô
ŰڵĵһҪͺܲҲ˵ʲôȷŸӷ磬гӷ粻Ҫˡ
еʱЩôɣŵĶδһδ˿߽ģǳӷ硣
ӷһʱİڵ˶˵˰ɣ
͵㣬˼ѣ
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ҵȷСҲûȥǣȴ˵Щ壬գգգգռΪ׵İɣ
Сӣ㻹ͦЩµеϽģ˽Ҳûڶʮǰ񣬾ǣ׳Ϊס
˵仰ӷͿԿ϶ǲʲôƭӣȷԾǵģǲ˵׳ΪףƼΪףԼΣҲֻ˽⾩ǸȦӵˣ֪׳Ȩ꣬һ׳ڴ¼ʱҲҪȡ׳
ţĵǶģǿˡ
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㣬ƭ㣬ͲǾ̫ӵĳԱɣ̫ӵʸûС


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źܳ嶯˵һԭӦ˵Ļ仰˵ڣȻûջصĿˡ
һ˫ŭ۾źţҲھһôĽɫǸһôλ棬˾ǣҪģӣ캮Ų˰ӣھʲôǣ
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ǰֻ˵ĴҪһ⳯Ŵȥ
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С㿴ʲôطСˡھҲû˸˸˵ˣʲôʸ˵ҡ
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ӷǰûкŵֳ嶯ӲΪľٶԼװһӢ۾Ľɫƽ̬ߵ˰ǰ
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鷳Ҵûκ˵鷳±޹أŮҪĻֺαȥ˵Ŀء
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ӷ粻Ҫκ˷ŹԼ෴ŲŹˣǻҪԼ顣
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顣
ŴˣȴǱ忪ģƿģֻȽϴѡ
Ůأ
ӴӰ߽ĲǱˣȻǾСƴţ
ӷ֮ǰƴţĶǸŮϹû뵽СӻˣٶȻͦġ
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쵰ҵŮˣǰɣ
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Ҫ˶˵ˣߡ˵
ƴţе㶣ԼĺԴʵ磬СӸղ˵ʲôţôѽ
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ͷ㲻̫ƴţݣҲ֪ƴţ򵥣ǴΣǻƴţһŵ˽񳲵ģû˸Ʊˣһӷһ̫ӵ
Сӣү㣬ѸղŵĻ˵һ顣
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ⰲ˵һ֣ƴţһصĶ⳯ͷ˹ȥһԭתһȦӶˡ
ϹĹۣӣӲ㡣


391 ȵľȻǸɶ
ƴţһȥû̫ɴϣҲ˷ǳ˺ҶжѪ
ǼŮȫԭأӦ˵ŵˣÿһ˵ɫʼס
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СӣôĵӣȻҴǰҵˣĲͷˡ
ָŻƴţŭҲŻƴţһˣᶯִԼһŮˣҲǳˣƴţ治ǸŮ˵
ѾģȻӣԼʲôУվ˵𣡡
㣬ֱ֣ǰһŹǵġ
ңӵĹƨңӲȫңҲû˸ҶӴ˵һ仰
ȷƴţˣ˵ĳһĵûƼҴ٣ΪʲôܵྩǻΪһȺνĸ߹ٰǹ·찲ţ޷ƴţˣһδʲôңƴһ仰顣
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ˣ꣬ҼҸүү꣬ʱүүպҲҼңȻһ˵뽫ӹ̸үүԱ˵ӻ࣬Էͬˣ˸ɶӣǸɶӣڵͱ˲ʮ꣡
ƴţϸĻţ˺þò˵ˣһǵôһ¡һҸɶӣ
Ů˻ǰŮȻСֶӣǾĸɶûǰǰҼҴСģʱүү˾պóˣ԰үүʱ˾
ɵ۵ĿŻƴţʵӣλǻƴ٣
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ӣ
үүԼһΨһжҲǾĵһ̫ӣӷ硣
˫һֱӾ͹ˣ


392 Ů˵
νĺţԭǾҵˣνİңԭֻǸүӿ˾ҲھǼͷż˵òϣ˵طϣǸүӿ˾Ҳһﵽ˵طϣҲǺܳģԳƵǰŰɣֻӷЩȣʮǧ
ĺܶ࣬ޣɺ޵ĲǱˣԼԼ̫û۹ˣʶ̫ˣԼ̫ɵˣ˵ʲôʲôԭΪԼ˺ţѡأųϹϵģȴǺš
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ӷ⻰е˼ѾˣҪڵȷɱ̨࣬ǱߣֻԼȥ֮󣬲ҲǵһɱĶ
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Сţңҡ
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˶٣ӷЦоǣܻ֮죬ģҵĸĸҲҵļ壬һ󲻵Ҳûоʹ֮·
˵꣬ӷֱ߳˰ᣬһŮ˶ѿ࣬ҲûǸҪ
ƴţǬ뿪ҪΪ֮ǰΪǸҲò뿪ºĸڰ
÷㣬̫嶯ˣô˵ӷأ
ѵ˵ӵܣһУ
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˵ˣ
ӷȷǳţһޱӴĺšǣ֮ҳġճʱ͸ĸʧɢˣʮĹ¶ʮ󲻵ĿӣƾԼŬûκιϵɿѧʣΪҹĸ߿״ԪǰŴѧǳѧᣬһ֮սŴѧ
ʲôںųģڹ¶Ժģ
ǵģ㣬ʶ˶֪ڽྩѧ֮󣬲űĸĸҵģǸʱڣ˵֮ǰЩԼ룬һݵ˵⣬븸ĸۺ֪ĸҵȨƣҲǳҸŵĵһ̳ˣûΪһӵܣϻ棬ȻǸ¶Ժһӵ磬ڽǮ棬ҼûùʲôǮҲûνƣȨƷ棬ȥƱˣһֱŻһͿص³
÷ɫ࣬˵ǴͲ˵ˣ
÷㣬̫嶯ˣģӦòȥģ
÷Ŵ򿪵İţĺܶ࣡
ӣЩ˵еĺӵܣν̫ӵ٣еĳЩ˲ǣ


393 Ż
ųԶɽڵҵָֻǰ־ƣֻһȫµĻҵ
ڲ֪˿ҵȻŵżм֪ǸĻٿŵģȻһʮѧ
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磬ӷСӲǿɾͻʧȥһеģѵ濴һзʲô𣿡
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˶̾˿ΪŮ˵Ȼˣ֮󣬾ҪԻصסĵطˣԺҲ֪ʲôʱܼ档λ㣬ǿҪˣΪֻҪǺãʱܸӷϾүӸ󲮲Զϣǻлġ
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һ£εȷɱ˳ӷ磬ɳҲɵѶˮˣԼһôûС
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ô
Ůĵ΢΢ĵóҵ´󾪣ʵʲô
ʲôѵǻɵⶼ벻𣿡
ɱǣ
ˣֻϧûн
ѾͷҪǿɶǳҵˣҶκһ˵ĻձˮͻԶʧ

Ů߷һЦ˵˵һ㶼ǵĳҵˣˮҶǵĻǵȷûдڵĻˡǣȻһ㣬ΪʲôҪȥɱӷأ
ҵԽԽͿɱ˾ɱ˰ɣѡô˵ĳӷ粻ɱƵġ
Ѿͷ㣬Ƕˮ˰ɣ
ˡҲǶˮˣһǶˮһε
ѵǶˮʥŮ

˵ϴɳȥɱӷ磬ȻûгɹѵһΣǳӷ绨Ǯɱǵģ
ãҪɱˣҪ˶𡣡
ѻ˵뿪
֪кܶ˱ǡ
Ȼ֪ǾͲˡ
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ǣû˽óе㷢ţʵô£ǵأ
顣
Ŵ򿪣һһͷµ˽ߣһѴ̵
ӤҰ㶯̫ˣҶЩһȴûְ֣ЧʣҲ
ҵ鲻Ҫܡߣû˵Ҫȫɱ⣬ԣҲûҪһʱ
ҵˣǳӷˣǳӷɱԼ˵ġ
һӷ磬Ȼһ֡
˵ĵϸǶʸȥ̽ӵģҪ֣͹ǲ֪ߵغѰ·
ǹܳӷоѵӷǡ
Ӱһֱӳ˳ҵǰһѴ̵γ৵һֱӸ˳ҵĺ
ѪĽʹĳŵȫȥһǻ
û˵Ҫ⣬ģǲܻϵġҲҪ־飬ᣬѾǺܶˣȻԼϧǾֻӭӺڰ١
𣬱ɱңûϵҪɱӷģҵ˼ǳŵֱӿ˳һƨ˵ϣǰŰ裬κ˷ĳС㣬ҲһĵùӰˡ
㣬
ӤҰһΣֱ˳⡣
ৡ
һͷ뿪Ĳӡ
ֶΣʵֲڳЩ˵ܵˡ
ȫұ졣ɱˣȴˣЩûõĶҵ
ǣǡ
ѾˣģҲɱӽ쿪ʼǼգӽҲǳˣȥǵϱɣЩҲŵ˲ٺôӦùǹһˡ
ӤҰ˶٣˵оǣǸԵĸĸΪ֮ǧҪʲôԼڵ飬Ϊÿһ˵ֻһûˣ̫ϧˡ
ӤҰͬʱߵǰͷ˵ҪԹ޾ΪֻŻȻҲûʸȥԹ


394 
ܲ
۴Ӱ칫߽Զɽվڴǰ졣
ʮûˣı仯еҪ󡣡
ϵڸԼ˵ڸȫ˵
һйˣһйչļţȫҵʮԶɽģνࡣ
Ȼ˵ȫҲǵϣм֪ҸŵĲһôĳ̶ȣҲΪʲôǰļ⼸ʮҶŵҪԭ֮һ
֣ҵˡ
ûŵĹģϸϸ˵ʲôҲûǸҪڳ˵ҵֻԼʮʱһַˣ׬Ǯڶʮǰм񣬸ӲмǲãʮԼ׬Ǯ
Զɽתɳϣ˲裬ԼӵѶû˿ģûа⣬һУ֮ͬƵġ
ֻɱ
ţֻɱ
ۣ㣬ɱ
ûаԥҲνشС
Լֵܣ
ţǳ˵ûҪģ뿪ȽϺáӷģ̫ˣ
˵ʱҪ̽һģܾ㡣
Զɽ˿ֵȻӷǾԼȥܽ鷳ɡ
˵Ǻߵĺֵ˹ϵ⻹Ƕ˹Ǽľ̡ڵ嶼еϵѾԼǳˡ
ҴûнǵŮ㣬Ӧú
ûڳԶɽ⻰ж룬Ҳûж˵
ԼĸһôˣѵҲǳҵɣԹЩûõĳģǱԼˣԼɱ
ԳҵĿ˵ʵѳ˵ģ̫ˣ֪ĳңҪеĿֲһǧһ
ϴྩ飬ΪҪ֣
ۿЦǻƼѾͷΣգҲȥܡҿɲһϱ
һΣ²ΪۣҪסǵһУҪӷģɳĻպôȥôǿС
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С
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ӷ粻ȥ㣬Ӧú
ǾͽǸУΪһ񹲴ĶС
ʱ˵ɣҾӦò̫죡
УЩýѵѾѵˣþҲѾˣ򲻵ѣٳˡ
ţס
ֵɼ͵ĺڵɵģɱ˷Żңǿûʲô𡣿ѡĺֵѾǰһˣҲ׬ǮֻȽرѣҲһתͰɡ
ҵѣܸڰ
ʮһׯ԰Ŀڣйˡ
ɱ֮𣬲죬ӽ쿪ʼһޣֻгס
˶ӣΪĶӣ˵޵ȥģֻҪܸŮ£Ů⣬ǣʲ˶ʮĶӣһ֮ھͱ˸ɱˣԼʲôˣһ裬Ҳҵı֡
װѣӽ쿪ʼֵܾҿؼһԱֻҪҿؼڵһ죬ͻֵܷչĿռ䡣
ؼ壬ֵļ壬ҲΪ׵ļ塣
ǳлֵ֧֣ܵѡʼֵܾǿؼһԱʲô¾ܷԸ
ãܺáйĻ˵ӦͶϰɣ
ǰɡôʵ
λȲҪҲһʱϾСǳ۵ĶӣȥɱûκεĺôֻսСӣ۲Ųᷢ쭡
йһĺڰǣӷѾƼҵŮˣƼΪˣһӷ̳ƼǷݼҵһļ̳УҪϼˣ˵
Ѿ˶ԸƼҵķ㣬λͲùˡֻƼһǸʱɶλҵ˽йڵƸӲ̫ãǾȾȵȰɡ
ҲܳûʸڳңǱϾйˣΪйȴؼ壬ʲôһ


395 һֵط
ʱһĹ֪УѾ˾ͷٹ죬ͽ
ӷʱʲôûʲôҲûйܣŸ﷽棬پżҲʡ˳ӷܶෳ¡
󸣬ҽ߲ʯΪƷԭϣƳķ᲻ܾƷ
ڣӷ罫߲ʯ˳һһȵںϣ÷ڱΪһƬ͵գҲԶŮӵеɡ
ǿԣƳķҲǾƷеľƷǣҪϾĿǰ֪ʯͷ᲻á
˵ҲԣȻǸļһﶼЩʯͷ˵ʯͷʱܸҴܴİҲ˵ǣΪֹҶûκεԭϵ֣ҩˣ
ʲôѽʱЩԭϱͲҵûУͬûУҶûУʵ棬Ҳ̫Ľ
ҪģǴȵԼΪ콫Ϊ۷徳磬һǸļһ˵Ǹķӡ⿪ˣҾֻеķݣ
˵ҿӡڶʱ֮ǲȫ⿪ġ
ô˵
ܼ򵥣Ǹķӡ⿪ĻضɺܴӰ죬ǸʱͻֲϡϾԭһģʱķֿһϵʱôܻᱣƽͬʯײһ˵һĵʲôġ
˵𣬳ӷ̽ϵıʼǱԴ򿪣Ȼһ֮ʾģһĻĻ档
ʲô
ؿеơ
ؿǣƣ
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ѹЩɫɫĶЩɫĶǲҽ
ӷ˵ͷһ棬˵Ѿӡȵʹŵϵͳ㿴ʸ֮ǰûʲôһҲ˵Σǹģ
ӷļϣϸһ£ȻǿЩģӻǷֱĳ
ûʲôһѽƽ
ӷֻһ棬˵ǰӡȵʣ㿴֮ǰûʲô𣿡
ɾʹˣ⻭϶ѺۣҽҲڹ񻹳ĵطȥˡ
ţ˵ûȷĵطȥˣֱӰ쵽йʹǰǹҷһʹ𾪵Ĵ𡣡
ЩʲôǰĵҲһЩϿĴǳɣ
ӷ˵ͷرգִ֮һ˵ڽǹҵϵͳڵ仯⣬ǰ仯㿴ʲôһġ
ǿһڵ֣ٿ˿ǰ֣˵ǰйѩ𣿡
ǵģһģѩ֣ټȥһع¶Ժϵǳѩҹʮδ֡
˶٣ӷ˺üͬվ˵ŷȥҲ˺ܶೡ֣˵ѩ֮ģд˵̫籩ܻڽϯһеһУǲ̫ˣ
ЩֽѾȫ˳ӷ˼ʵǻɣЩ֣
ţȻȥʲôֻΪЩǴȻȻ֮ǰҲġҵЩ飬һļһﵽԶʱڵŮӡпѾڽĿˣѡɣ⼸ȫ֣һйϵ
ʯײ򣿡
û͸˵ʯײ龰һѡֻСģײһǸķӡȫ⿪֪ʱѣֲһʲôĵز
˶٣ӷ˵Ҳ˵Ҫ֪Ǹķӡûн⿪˵ûȫ⿪ףֻҪעûдַͿˡҲ˵ģѡļֹģ̫Ǹķӡڽ⿪ѿҲܴԣҪģԼΪ׼Ӧպǿ֮⣬Ѱ߲ʯֻн߲ʯƬȫռһεķӡǸ硣
ǣҲ֪õƬǵŮģǴӷӡеġŮģҲ˵ǹһ֣µǸķӡ綼⿪߲ʯúǸһεķӡǴӷӡеģҪõƬҪȷӡ׽⿪֮ˣ
ӷ̾˿˵Ҹǰ߰ɣǺߵĻң磬һǸļһﱻŮ洷ӡʱ䣬еĳԻ磡
ӣȷҪǰ׼һҪȽһԼ򣡡
򣿡
ûҲ˵һսһǣͨƽս˵ĵ̲ͬؼһƬأǿͨͬʱֿʱͨ뿪ֻҪҵ򣬵ʱŲк֮ǣ
ȥĵطѽ
һǿģܸǣٶȻԭüȻкܶôҶ̫ģֻǰǰЩǿߣҲһƬõ򣬾ڵظҲ֮𡣡
ϣôѽӷֻٴ̾˿Щ£˳Ȼɣ


396 û
˵ͬǰ㣬һšݵȴᷢܶ£кõģҲвõģи˵ģҲʹģǸ˻ʹ࣬һеģԼ
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Ϊ˰ϵĸ֣ڵ쵱˭˵ţŷɢڲͬ־塣ЩѾ˺ԶԶˡ
˿˷·һ̵õķ⣬߳壬ԶȥҲִɱɱ겻յ
ˣȫˡѡʼֻǸͨͨĲмˣͨͨӣҲˡֻʦǵʲôط
˵һ֧̣ѡۣΪ˵ģһһ赭
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ˣһٶ㣬Ҫءͷŭ
λС磬ʵòˣЩ͵Тλİɣȹ׬ǮһǣԼֻҪһٵķǮͿˡ
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ž
ͷֱǰһ˵ϣͷֱӾͽ̯ˡ
һ֣ȭߣȴڵϣŹ
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ڽֵĶ棬һ۳ϣپڼʻǿһ۶ȻתͷԺĳӷ˵ҪҪҹȥһ£
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˵ĻǸ˹ˡҲţûκˣܱ˸ʵġ
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ӷһ£˵绰м˹
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ҵ˼˵˹ྩû֮ء

һͶ·ʱ򣬲ܴӳ˯оѡһսѾ׷ˣսˣˣҪáֻȽеǹս⼤ˣʶǸˡ
پûжʲôֱóֻһ绰Ȼӷڳϼš
һᣬӽͷǱߣܹʮˣЩ˽Ⱥȫ˿ֱ˱ǰ
ôˣһ֮ŷԼˡ
ͷܵһɫװǰЦ磬ôˣ
ʵʲô£
磬ֲѣǲš
ţˡҽһ̧ȥĿˮϣԡ
֣Ǹġ
갴Ļ˸ϡ
˿̵ѾˣӸУѪһӣû˿Ļ֮
ƻǶĹأ֪֪ʲôѰ·

ͻأ˾ȻЦ˳ӦҲǱӦɡǣְɡ
ѾģҽֵܣҸ

һˮȫ˵ϣʹȴûвҽгӣһˣ
ΧȺŵļУҲѾ˱һᣬɵȴû뿪
ⲻС˵ֵܣɱֵ̫ˣǲѽ
ܾ٣ģǻзִġ
С죬ȻǶѾˣ㿴ܾܲˡ
ѡľ˺ڵǶ£෴ǺģϾΪһڷԣΪ˶ЩҲ֪Լʲô³һľ죬ɵ
͸ܶӳһӡǵĹزֵܻǣҽ˴ĵطȥ
ϣӷҡҡͷ˵߰ɡ
ҪҪ˽һ
ûǸҪȥɣϣֻʹࡣ


397 ս1
ܲپʱȷǳ࣬Ҫӷ紦һдСͬʱҪǱߵ顣͵ûһȥָ£ʯͷ͸ոտʼڵϵ飬һϺеԲָô̵¼ȥˡ
ĿǰĹԱʵ˵㣬ܾԱȥĻҪ⡣
پؼҺúõ˯죬Լϸףֲʱϸһ˴ڼҹģǺپ֩ĸҲྩⲻȥ˼ҶԹ
ףҲ̫쵰˵ɣֻǽһ˸Ҳĵġ
绰׵Ƚ˵˵Сӣ㽭Ҷæʱܵȥѽһ׷֩ɣ˵ȽУȥɸһǱߵͿˣ
پ˵Ѿ绰Ҷˡ
ͬʱںĳưɣһڱŮɹЦ
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پ뽫ֻڵϣһ룬׸֩붼ȥǻһ׷
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پɲɵһھḣ飬ļҳȽϺá
绰ͷ׷˵ûʲô飬˯¡
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׷ɱֳڵ˶֮ǰڵҲһ
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顣
绰ҶϡӦ˵׷ֱӽ绰ˣپһɱ¾
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پԱߵһƿ׾ƣĺ˾ƿڣʹתš
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ԴӾ޾ﱻ֮󣬸Ǳ߱ƽڵϵҲѾ˳˶˭ܱ֤Ǳߵ˲Ϊʱûȥأһ٣پôӷ罻
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˸ܾԱһŮͯ˵壬Ϲء
پתͷһһСŮվ̯ǰ
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پһСŮԼӣŵʮֿ£һЦݿˡ
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Сѽ
СŮЦѽ⼸ֲˣĶֻ档
СһȣϾͺˡ
Ѿͷڱҵˡ˵ǸŮʲôط
һ˴·ܹһѾץסŮС
СµҪŬţ߿ޱ˵ˣǻˣҲʲôطġ
С֣ҽ첻㡣
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վס
ͻȻ䣬˷ˣһ仰˵ڣתֱӵ
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˴γһذףֱӳ˴˹ȥ
վԭأһҲûжĿ˵ذ׳Լ̹
壬СģСе
پȴԱߣһҲûжǲ붯Ϊپ˵Уһ˿ɱ⣬ԭ͸ӵеɱ⣬ֻϧﱻ֮Ϩˣûл֣û뵽Ϊ˾һСŮɱ⣬ˣ
ӦùǰǸˣˣپһ绰ӷ磬Ȼ;Ա߿ŽһУ


398 ս2
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һ֪֮ͽ׵ģҲض֮ͽ
СԱ߾һСѪܵһĻ᲻šãСûܣûιȥǰС֣ǸˣҪ˸
ſ壬Ǻˣ㲻˺
һֽСƳԶС˵ϣ˿̵ûٿޣǽĵǷݼǿ¶˳
Աߵ˶СŮͼһ͵ŮǰС˵СãҿǱɣҲҪٴˣϽؼҰɣ飬
СһŮ˵Ҫһ˵̣ˣҪְֲεġ
˻һΧȫһ£˰죬ԭõ׵ˣȻСŮĸס
ǣΪһףôôԴԼŮأԼŮֽŮƵڵأˣûʸһף硣
Ȼкܶ飬ܶͥ˹ܲġһ׻˵ĺãҼҶбľ䲻֪СŮļôΧκһˣûȨȥܣܹµģֻзˣ
ְ֣ſ壬Сˡ
СٴܵǰҪ˸
ȴһѽСƿͬʱذҲѾ˵ؿڰ˳
ѾͷȻˡҸ㣬ܽͬԽŪϴȥ裬еǮȫңĸŮҲûˡ
ڵ˳˺ݶ֮⣬һĶûУԼţԼŮ˵ŪͿŪ治֪׻ǲˡ
˵˹˵ϣ˿ڵѪͣڲͬһߵĻѾȥˡ
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پ˵ģ֮ǰҷдɱ⣬ҵһμʱɱ⡣ѡ񡭡
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裬ܣְǵķǮˡ
Се
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쵰ĲҲˣԼģ㲻ҪĸŮҲǿ㣬㲻ӦǲĸŮССкܳ·ҪߣѵΪ㣬޿ĨӰ𣿡
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ѾСˣٽѧҲߣҲġ

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ѽӣȻ͵ӡ˵зôԭһȡ
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ӣȻһ磬Ǿҡ£ҽұ֤ԺҲĸŮ鷳ˡ
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˵꣬پƵڵأˣȴɵ۵ĿԼŮ
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399 1
˼붫Ϊս֮󣬳ӷ̽߱һʽҲְֲֻɡ
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ˣҶĵս֮⣬ͬʱҪ縺һ֮Ρپ㶩ȥĻƱӽ쿪ʼսʱڸԺҶᷢչһôĵزֽߵһô۷壬һ˵ģҲҪ˸ֵܵŬ㣬𣿡
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ģһᾡһеģƼǱ߶̫ã


400 2
ۣΪã飬طд˵еôʵǡ
ǰڵص˶ۣӿΪˣΪ׬ǮЩܹȥˣе֮⣬м׬Ǯ˵㣬ۣϴģӵģӹȥҸŮֶǣϣ벻جη
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֪߹ĺòãʮˣ֪ǲǵңСãȥ𣡡


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402 ۶ǧ
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403 ҹ1
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ӷһ࣬Ȼκ˵ĹעǽļλǣǼӷķʽ֣ҲͲȥעЩԱˡ
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ŮһָȫķҲĳӷ·ɱļһԼĹңòĵѡ
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Сӽվߵ˳˿̣ڳȫ֪˵ʲôͷȻѣܸӳΪѵˣȻҲʲô򵥵Ļɫ
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404 ҹ2
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405 ҹ3
һŹˣôĳϣֳһνӣߵıԵȻ֪ϴǶĵЦݣǲмĿŶԷڵξˡ
Ϊҵļ̳ˣһʹźڵʮû˸Լ˼ڹ⣬ҲͬŵصĺڰţߵʲôطԿοﻹۣԼҵĵ̡
ӷһŭ죬ԼǲΣôҲҶԼôɳӷ粻ͬˣʲôĳ֣һʲô⣬治֪ô졣
磬Ǳˣǡ
δ꣬ӷҲֻļһģµ̬ȡ
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˿øôذɣȻЩ˶ˣ
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ĳԹĿԷͷٴҲܾʹ˰ݡ
ãܺáǸҵţӣһֻġ㣬ֿ֣ˣô꣬ˣҲҼ£ûꡣ

ӷһŭĵģһ£λӷ治һĿֲѽңǾรɣ


406 ·
һۺҹʹ˽б볡ÿһжһʣǸһԱװ굽ʲôˣΪʲôη壿Ϊʲô۶ǧ磿ҵڼҵ˸Уһ¼òıǣ
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磬ҲˣСʱȫһˡҼǵСʱಡҪҩάҰ轫ߵ죬Ҷ޵Ҫ
һĻǳӷ¶ԺÿһˣǣɹȥϾǹȥˣЩõĻУҪ˵ζ
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ӷĻеĲԾżǱһ鷳Ҫͬʱ洦֮£鷳ӦûСпܸйء
ǺãǱߵͰˣҲ֪̫ϲЩµġ
ӷ磬ѵһˣʲôʲôɣ£㲻ùˡ


407 ôˣ
ۻع֮ǰνĸ۶ͬһʵ۰㣬йڵصĿơۻع֮˵ʮ겻䣬һ۶ԣȴѾΪһг㼶Ĵڣʲô£ʲôҪͨ뷽׼ʲôˣʲôˡ
ּʮʱ䣬ȵʱȻܲӦǺʱңҲǳ£ǳİǸʱ򣬳ûϸ۶λӣֻҪԱˡ
ҲΪֻĺ˰ɣڴڵֻ֮;ϣʲô涼ǳ˳ģδκε鷳飬ҲΪˣֻޣڳŮҲǸĺã䵱һУҲõģΪҪ֣ȡһֿ֣֣
ЩǮ˵һζϲԼŮ͵ȥ飬ֻȻҲģҲ͵Ӣ˼ꡣֻԸܹƣӢżʱ䣬䲻СȴϣӢĳѧԺǱҲǾֻϵʹֻ֮£ֻܽӻۣĿǰͶ۴ѧ
ּסıҲкܶౣΧֻλ۶ЩУȴһֲߵģǴڵصġ
ļλͷ쵼˿ɲɵӣֻȥҪߣֻҪ۷淢ʲô£ֻΪԼְλϱʱ밲۵ߣͻһʱ佫۵ȥ
ڣЩֻĹĲأҲûʲô£еС£ֻҲϱ룬ƾ㣬ֻ֤Ǹˡ
һص˼ſڡ
³֮󣬳ǳеĸӷܵ磬ڵļҡ
Ϊ۶֮Ůסĵطϵϸڣ㵱õġ
磬Ӧ֪ȻڵǳãһǻСʱڹ¶Ժ⣬࣬ȴǳģһηǳõͯꡣ
ྩȥڵܼ֮ˣҲܸ˵ġֻڳˣһ˲Ůˣܶϲˡ
Ц磬ͱȡˡǻȽȥɡ
ӷߵſʱȻɫװ˸סˡ
е㷸Ϳ˿ԼûߴطѽԼļѽôԼؼңᱻİġ
˭
˿һ۳һʵʣǲС㣿
ֿ֡
С㣬ʵڱǸµģʶ㣬ܲܳʾһ֤ȷһݡ
˵ʲôסô꣬ڻؼҾȻҪʾ֤ǵʲôѽûи
С㣬ʵڡ
λָ֤۶Ů֤ͲҪˡ
ӷڼʱҲ㶣﷢ʲô£Ϊʲô˻
֮ǰûע⵽ӷ磬ӷһ˵˫һתʱҲԭء
ӣôѽ
ֻ͵ġλǸòҲ뿴ҵ֤ɣ
˸ӷ֮ȻʶģˣӷǵһۣǼ֮⣬ͲʶˣôӷʶԽԽͿ
磬ʶǣ
ʶΰˡ
ӣȻ˵ˣȻỳСݡǻҪмһµġ
ʲôҪң
ӣʵڱǸҲ֪ǵĹȽرʲô⣬ǿɵ𡣡
Ҳ̫ϲ˼顣ȻӲҪҵĻû⣬ҵȭͷͬͬ⡣

ǽ
ڴһŮ˵ʹ˲ٷϻ˵ӣǿԽȥˡ
֮󣬳˿ΧЩڣ˵ˣΪʲôЩһû⵽׷ʲô£
û´ĻӦ˵鷳Щǲġ
磬ǵʲôѽ
뷽ˡ
ˣɣôʶˣ
˵ǻȽȥɣ棬Ӧûʶˡ
ڣһɳϣǶ棬ŮˣŮ˵Ͷڶʮϣ󣬸ղųųӷ˽ģŮеһ
ֻڼﻹǴװһ㣬΢ֻ֡ߵַҲһŮǿ˵Ĵ磬ûĸĸо˼̳ϵ
֣ˡ
ָ׿˽ŵĳǣȻ˸ؼң£ǰɴû
ӷһۿ˲ֻޣŮˣŮȴһǳӣûӷ磡
֣裬﷢ʲô£ǰʵ
ַ˻ǿųӷ磬ʵ֣˭
裬㻹ǵǰĴ𣿡
ǹ¶ԺС
ǵġҸǽһ£ҵĴ磬ӷ硣Сʱڹ¶Ժãϸ
ַ´һ³ӷ磬ӷϴŷԱķװе㲻м
֣﷢˵飬뿪һ°ɡ
裬һκμ磬ô뿪أ
ֻ˵֣Ҫ֣ڼеر𣬲СҪ뿪ҲҪ뿪
֣׷ʲô£
ֻڣӷ˵ַޣ벻Ҫᡣֻݷһǣ˳лʮ֮ˡ
磬㲻ߣǶʮûˡ
Ҳߣǲеġ˵Ķ԰ɣλŮ
ӷԱߵŮЦ
㲻ߣѵǻҸ߲ɡ˵ǰ棬ԣܷǵĹ޷潻ɫ·Ů˵
λС㣬ʶС𣿡ֻʵ
ֹʶô򵥡ε飬һæĻӦûᰲȫܶࡣ
ӷһЦ˵˵ֻݷһ޵ģϾߣλС칫ġ
ߣ߲ˣȻҲɵߡ
ȻλССʶǾҽɡӸŮҪ뿪λС˻ǵСס죬ߵ֮ٽǻ
ǣ͵ȥס죿黹治Сѽ
ʵ֣裬⵽ʲô磬ʶλС𣿡
֡
ӷֻͻȻ
һʾȻԽġ
˼ҽӸ绰
ι裬ʲôѽ
ӷ磬ʲôҪʣ۷飬֣ʲô£СѸġ
λĸ׻治һͨԼּң֪ˣ֪ѸϷڳӣǵˣǳӷĸףԽˡ


408 ̫ӵۼ
Ҷϵ绰󣬳ӷһɻ󣬸Ӿ͸㲻⵽Ǹʲôֻлֻ޶Գʮ֮ڵȥ漸졣û뵽һּңּҵЩȫӵĶԱһһӵģѸϷ壬ҲԽһĪĵ绰ӷﲻĲ롣
ߵӷǰʵ磬ʲô𣿡
£һ治ʲô¡ֻת죬ôû뵽еʱ䶼ҡ
ӷ̾˿ĳļȻѸϷǰʵ˵ɣ⵽ôһ£
𼱣˻û룬˵֮ٸ㡣˵
ʲô˼˭Ҫ
ˣȵȰɣƺܿ͵ˡϷ˵
ֻ˵Ļ֮ͲκεĿ֪ѸϷλСݵģȻӷ˵ǲ˵ӷ磬ͬһ׵ݣ
С㣬ǲҪȰҽһ¡λǣ
𻰵֣ҸղŲѾܹСʱڹ¶Ժλ磬гӷ磬ǰ˵ܶεġ
ַ˵֣ʵĲСʱݣڵݡ
ڣŶ磬ղ˵ѾҵĸҶûļʣĸʲôѽ
˵һ°ɡгӷ磬׳ҲԼΨһж
Ǽ򵥵ĽܣֻȻһеɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬ʵ׳ǲĶӣ
Ϸ˵ǵģʧɢĶӡεжһ˸𣬿֮ǰѾԸĹӳӷ磬жָӹ١
ַ˫ķǳ̫ţһԱ꣬ȻԽĶӣһԼŮС͸ԼᵽǸ硣
û뵽ѽֿеĴ磬ȻĹӡӣղʵڱǸΪ鷢̫ͻȻǷ޲뿪ģе֮¡
ַ˲ؿЩǽˣһôõļңСʧȥ飬Ҷ֪ôлǲźá
ҿЩ쵰ַſӣӸԶ٣ʲô¡
ͻȻ䣬洫һŭ֮һ˵ιҿɾ㣬ңÿġ
һŮ˵˵ЩǲǳԾԶˣҿǸŮţͲܿһ𡣡
һŮ˵˵˵λҲǷ£ѺҲ޷ؾѽʲôλүСĵطεжһλүС
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˵ʲôûǱѺĺòáҸ壬ҲǱѺġ
СѣҪ˵ô˭ôѺѽ
Ķ¥Ȼˡ
̷ôҲˣӷ̧ͷʵͬʱŴ򿪣ģȻǻƴţǬĽˡ
ҿ඼ˣͲһˡ
Ӷ¥һЦݣЦݣȴ˺üɱ⡣
壬ʲô˼Ե޹ʽ˰ǴྩȨҲѽô˵ҲྩеĸгȨû󣬿Ҳ˵Ͱѽ
ĽˣϾǳֲ
飬ȱ𼱣һˣһǽġ
˰죬ѸϷ嶼֪
ӷʵ̷ӡ˵ɣ⵽ôһ£Ϊʲôȫ
ַ˽һԣ֣ڿɲǰǼ˴鷳ȫɹǵģҪǰĻΣյġ
裬⵽ôһѽ
´˵ҪģǸϿȥݲ裬дˡ
һʱ䣬ڰÿһ˶ȴûһ˷ʡ
ǹָңŲһںѾġ
֮⣬һŮ˵𣬿Ů˵ȴǳ뺷
С㣬Բסˣ׳˵Ļ
һǹһ˾ˡ
С㣬ŵˣǻǽȥ˵ɡ
ƾʲôҪȥ
С㣬ϲ̼ĶεжԴ̼һʧġ
˵ģ
һٸӣҲƭѽ
ǺãҾҿүүǸʲôĻһһ˵ġ
ڣƴţǬ໥һۣǬ˵ôôϤѽ
Ҳͦģ˭أ
˵Ȼתͬʱ˵ȣ
ѸϷ壬ĽҲе⣬⵽׸ʲôôѾһȫѺˣƼѾͷҲǿѺ˹
ɻģǬѾĶסˡ
߲ˣ׷ѾˡһѾץס˻ƴţ˵ж֮ǰ˭Ҳܡ
һɫװԼʮ߰˶ԵŮˣ˽
ŮһҵߣһͷɫĳĻԣӦ˵Ůɣı飬ȴǳŭǼڵĻƴţʱûˡ
쵰ԭҲﲻ㡣
ᣬȽ㣬ϴεǸᡣ㣬Ѿģıɱѽѽ磬㣬ѽ
ܣҽܣܡ
ΪˡõģٶֶţӶ㲻
ȫס֡
һŮ˸סˡ
ӷһ亹ʵСѣ˭ѽô뺷ţ
ѻشƼҴС㣬ȡ
Ƽңһ׳ƼңһλĹֻλûа㹫ӣ
ֻ̾˿˵ԵĻǱ˹Ⱥ̫ӵۼһȫ˵ûһ㱣ѽ


409 ս
Ų裬ǰһĻʵеܲˡ
ǰ˭Լ˺ֵģɽأôô಻òļһѽ
裬㻹Ҹݲأҿ˰ɣⶼʲôѽȻܵǼ̫ˣ
ַס˳죬֣ɲ˵ѽЩˣɲǵģ
裬ģҲѽ㿴Ҵ磬ʵѽ
ʵַһŮˣҲھЩӸ磬Щ̫ӵ˽ⲻˣ˵ӷǵһ̫ӣʵԲܣ
֣Ҫסټй˭ԵƫƫЩˣ㲻ȥǼҲǲ𣡡
裬ô˵Ǹʵһѽ
ǲǻʵۣȴͬʼҵĵڶЩˣǴ˵е̫ӵڹ¶Ժλ磬ǵͷͷ˳֮Ϊ̫ӡ
裬Цˡ̫ӵ֪ģҴôܻ̫ӡ˵ˣ̫ӵҲܾôѽ
һ̫ӵǳЩ߹ٵŮԳƵ̫ӵĳԱӸߴģȴһԪ׵ŮǼȫǡ
ȫҴأ
λճүүгԶɽȫҵ֮һŴʼˣĸ׽гۣһλ˲ܲãĸ׽Խ죬ǡ
ȵȡ裬㲻ڸ˵ЦɣԽ죿λŮһ
ַֻǵ˵ͷȻԼŮѾ֪ˣԼҲûҪ˵ڡ
ȴɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬ôܽһУʱڹ¶ԺĴ磬ȻӵһţݣѹСӵϽҵ˴ˣڻʱλѽ
ַ˸ֻվһҲǳң˳ŮԼŮһĴ磬ӣպԼ޶ҪŮԷˣ
λֹ˵Ļ鷳¡
ӷԻƴţ˵
˫һתųӷ磬ڳӷȫһ£֮ʵүү
ӷЦЦ˵ƴС㣬ˣ
ףֲǹŴˣʲôûġӷ磬㲻ʱ飬Ҳ˵ˡʲôʱʱ䣬ǽһ£һð취ǻ쵰
ðɣһŮĻƴţ˵Щ˶ô£ֻǸԼѪЩһû´ʲôѽ
ƴС㡭
ȾͺˣҪô⣬ұͬһϵġ
˶٣뵽ʲôƵģ˵ԣӦýҽ㡣
ʲôŮѽһμҪ˽㣬ôʱĻô
ӷ磬㻹ҪСϷ˵
ΪʲôҿȥôС𣿡
ȽȷһⲢҪҪǣȽ㻹ĸŮ
ĸŮɣô֪
Ƕ֪㲻֪ѣӦǸˡ
˵ˣڲЩСƨ۱ֵʱ򡣡
̷ڿԸң⵽ôһ˰ɣ
Ȼ˶ѾˣȻҪһиǡڸǰÿһˣȥ·㣬ӷ磬㿴㴩ʲôӡ
ֻһ⡣·ѽ
ѾǶ׼ˡˡ
һ£ͼ߽˼ӵĶԱǵУżӡ
ӵĶԱӷǰһ˵ӷ磬ġ
ֽ֮⼸ӣֱ𷢸˻Ǽˡ
ӷӴһΣĺΣ֤ǹ
̷򣬸ʲôҿûξЩʲô
ǡҸԼľַһ׸ʲôʵ
壬ǿЦ´ϰˣڽǴװⲻΪ𡣡Ǭ˵
һٸҷϻǸλүµڿʼǼί³ġսӡԱʱְҵӷ磬⹫˼㵣ζӳȵθӳ
ʲôսӣʲôʱģΪʲôǶû˵Ϸʵ
شСʱ֮ǰϺϾģǲŵĻھͿԴ绰ظԵļ
ӷ˵ˣѾ绰ˡ̷ֻսӵͻȻܸиԭİɣ
ߵֻǰ˵£뻹ǰɣϾǶǸյǵˣ˵ӦñҪϸ


410 ֲ¼1
ڼʶ⼸̫ӵͷĿֻ֮˵ҪСһ㣬ɲҪΪϵĴ󣬽Щ̫ӵˣ
Ҫǰʼ˵𡣡
ֻ˿ӸŮ£ԷǶԼģԼȴҪӸŮˮΪɷΪ׵ʵܹⲻȥ
ȻǶѾңʲô£ֱ˵ɣֻҪܰæģһ
ӷ绰䣬廰ӷ磬Ҫλүӵ˼ҪǾȥȥεжҪԵɣܸĴۣҪɣΪⲻǹϵһҵİο۵İοͬʱϵԼǰ;
ǵǰ;̷¸ǵǰ;ʲôϵ
治֪ôشӷ⣬˵˵ɣڣ룬ˣڿǡҲ˵εжǱߵ˲佱ǣֻ˵ӦõģһǵжʧܣǾʵӵˣֻ֪֣첻µӵܡ
ѽ˭˭ˣΪʲôҪһôñǵͷϡϷ岻
û취˭һļأÿһ˵Ķϵ˸Եļ塣ڸλүһУȫȫӢǵĸУҲһһҲΪңΪԵļˣʲô¶Ҫ̼壬ҪΪ帶
ӷ˵Ҳ˵۵жΪĵһսӦûһϵеĿڵǰɣ
ԺҲ֪ǰ飬Ҫһ֮ڽҲ뱻˵ֻӵܰɡ
˵ܷ飬ֻҪɳһ֧ӶԽǣүүȴǸѺ˹ӲЩǲ£ֻѾˣһλ߾õĵ·Ѿǵǰ
ˣ˵ģҶѾ˵ˣҪǵıˡΪĲòǣεжҪ໥֮ϣϲãǸԵٴܴҲûõģкܶ޹ΪǶкܶõļͥΪǶ
ʵԵĻ治ϣôжӷһУɼȻµҲΡô˵һټļ壬һļ̳ˣһҳҪѪ֮⣬뻹Ҫϰ׵ĴڣһҲŲס
ˣڿԽȥˡ
һԣٶԡ
ֻ˵ΪһҵͶġһʴУ㣬˭֪ЩطͬҪȫµĿչǰԣһǰ;ͬ⣬ԪǱ߿һƬ¹ҵ¾һİŸƻʱʵˣҲ˺ܶͶ̡
˶٣ֻ˵ǰͶ½ۣҲһӴֿҵĻϣȴִ
ǸͶҪߵĹҵ໥֮䶷ɣӷʵ
ǵġǿͶ̣ϾӢǱѾûκεĹϸˣҲѡӢɾҪǩϵǰһյһš
˵ţֻһɫֽӿڴ˳ݸ˳ӷ硣
ӷ翴һϵݣɵЦ˵вţ
ǵġдĺҪͶǩԼĻǾͻǲ
ӷ罫ֽ˻ǣʵ⡣һѾعҪԪЩطҲӦ뷽ʣΪʲôҪҹͶ̣ѵ뷽Ͳ±Щ׬Ǯ𣿡
ֻ˵Ӧ뷽ʵġһߣҲȥ鷳룬Բ뽨飬ɹͶʣ뷽Ҳⱻ׬СǮ
ڶ⡣ţķдģ˵ǩԼĻǲҪɱȫңһֲжЩ˵˵ѣѾڽˣ
ֻشķдģҵڻû鵽ǣȴѾչжȻδҵļˣȴۺüطװը
ըװʲôطôֵģӷʵ
ͭ壬ǵȺüĵУǶԷص֪ͨҵģΪľҪͷǾըңֻʱ䣬Ҳ˵ʮǰҪȻʱ˿ɾͶˣ
ƴţ˵ըѽ۾ʲôԵģ
ˣԷյһ͵Һը۷Ĳר޲ߣ뷽ĲרҲûըҪǿвĻǾͻᱬը
ʣһЩӢиɵĺ¡ھȥǣȫǸըĻҲ١
ţɵˣӢЩͶ̻ôɵ֪һǵģһȥһֲѵ֮ս𣡡
˵ûҲţ¾ԲӢġ
ƴţ˵Ǻð죬Ȼ֪÷ĹͽȫҾͲţȫ
ûȥƴţһֻֻ֪ỵ¡
ʵӷ磬ô
ӷ˵ǲץЩͶ̵ˣ
ûץȴ˶סǣû֮ǰǳġ
šܵġ£ЩͶӦûʲôϵ߰ɡ
ʲôӣ˵ûϵ
ӷЦģ᲻Ϊһûɶɱȫҵģ
ȻᣬڵҲѽ
ǲ͵ˡǹĿǰĹ˵׵ǣЩͶɵһ鱩¶ԼĹҲŹǵģֳֺõ£ɵϲŻȥ
ǳӵ˼ǣ
ڸҪ֪ʲôˣһʱ̾ܲ鵽ġģǻһʱ䡣
ֻ˵ӣλε飬鷳ˣ
˵ÿ۵££Ȼô񽻸ǣһɵġ
ӷЦƴС㣬㿴⼸ˣ𣿡
ʲô𣿲ҲУȻӵˣ
ԵĻ֮⣬ÿһ˶һʮˣڰô棬ô棬ǸͿƲסķչ
˵ô죿
Ҫ֡
Ա˵үϵҪ֣ҪˣҲȫϵˣǻȫ۵ġӷ磬ΣͿıˡ


411 ֲ¼2
΢΢һ꼴ۣչ˾Ϊæ̵ģҪÿһຽ࣬ͬʱҪ鿴صɻһڿг⣬Ǿǰٷ֮ٵĻ𣬲κεĽҿԡ
ڣ磬Ҳڵظз۵ķɻѾִ߳˱Ҫ˺ܶ࣬Ⲣص㣬صǣ۵Умǹϵ۾οҪҲǳӷҪİ֡
С㣬þòˡ
ɽվڻſڣͬʱһŮҲվߣȴû໥һۣɽʺõķԵûʲôòȴϣΪͬûпɽһۣʶˣȴδİƵġ
⹫ӣҾ֪£һᵽġ
οɲӷҹģСҲһɡ
ϻ˵ǻԼɡڿʼҲʶҲû档
ǵʱҪҪһ£
ʲô
˭ɱĶѽ
⹫ӣⲻ۸֪ξһģ㻹ұЩ˵һˣбҪ𣡡
ûëϲֵ¼ߵ͡Ĺң뾩ǻƼڹеͷǳСλҵļ̳ˣʵӦñǰʱɣ
ãȻ⹫Ӷѻ˵ˣҲӦĻ̫⹫ˡ
λһ£ܷ룿
һ˵ɽ˵ɽƻûļת˵ѾԼ˲ͬվ
㣿ɽʵ
⹫ӣʶˣ
ྩһ棬ӵˣҲʶ
佣Ǹλһӵǰ۰ӵģ˵Ӧսˡ
佣һӵĶԱ㲻ΪʲôὫ˹˵佣Ҳʲôɫѽ෴ǷֶԱĽɫ
ѦŮѦƵˣʵ
С㣬ֻѦҵӶ˰ˡ
Ӷ˻治ѽѦҸҶΪңѦҵ飬Ҷе˽⡣
ɽʵС㣬Σ
佣ΪѦҵ׸ŮȴѦҵĵһ֡⹫ӣ֮УӦҵ㼤顣
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413 ֲ¼4
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414 ľ
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ʱѵǻбѡ𡣵Ȼܾ֮ȴ뿪Ļվ
һڼȿֻУΣʱжһУڣҪģ
ļվסŵģĵٴ˲ӵ鷳
λģϼŵθܲá
ӣʣλСǸһ𣿡
ǵġҲҰλСķȻҲұ֤һʧȴܱ֤Ҷƽ뿪
м˵ӶڴˣžһϸϹġһǰӵĻɡ
ĵ˵ͷҲѾص˳ӷߣʵ磬ڸô죿
ӷЦû뵽ĵͦ𡣡
û취Ȼˣܲӱܰɣӱܸȴûʲô𡣡
ã˵ĺãӷá
һ³ļʵӷ磬ҿȽŸˣ˾ȳȥ˵ɡ
С˭Ҳұ֤ûиըĵӣһˣǽŸˣҲͬʱը
ѵʲô𣿡
ȻҪֱӲը
ӷߵרǰ˵Ӵ
ʲôӣǲΪӲ״򿪣һСը˭𣿡
汬ըˣҲҪκ˸ˡ򿪣ܱ֤ը᲻һ뱬ը
ҪõϼͬŻӡ
ӷ罫Լ֤˳˵ίԱǣϰӴ򿪡
Ĳרǿһ³ӷ֤Ȼֿ˿ӷͣԳӷ˵ôܱΪԱңλǸУҲ˸ҼðԱɣֳϡ
ǣϽӴ򿪡λ쵼ҿҪȰѻ˵ǰ档ΪըǴδģ֮ǰѾ򿪹һΣǲܱ֤ڵڶδ֮󣬻᲻ᷢʲô벻顣
ӷȻĳ벻飬ֱӱըڣ򿪣ôȥը
֮ǰô򿪵ӣ
ȻǴˡ
ըʲôλã
м䡣
ը֮⣬ǲǻ
ǵģըǸһġ
ӷһ£ֿһ۳ͷŵģҲû࿴ֱߵ˸żһĺǰ
ͷϵķиҡ
У
㣬ȻǶû
ãõġ
Žӷͬʱʵӷ磬ǲ°ɣ
ҾͲᡣ
ң㣬һܾǵġ


416 Ķ2
ӷźŵķУߵ˰װըǰ˵ģԱߣˣ˺󣡡
ȻûʲôһըҲԵһʱ佫ӷȻ϶˵ĹǽƿһǾûģֻڳˣǱɡ
վԭأ治֪Ѿͷǲأǰ̫ˣ̫ˣĹͷȻûˣרҸ۾ʱߵ˳ӷߡ
ʲô˺ɲġ
ӷںܺڣ֪ᷢ飬ͲӦýˡ
磬Ǻò׼棬ִΣ£ֻԼİοһ˶ըǰ
ûаϣ٣ӷһԼҪҪˣƾŵ㣬κ˼ˡ
̫ŵġҿ㻹Ǹ˴һɣֻҪŴ磬ըһᱬը
ǡ
ᱣġ
Ǻðɡ磬ǿҪСһ㣬ʵڲеĻҲӲһõġ
˵곯ȥպ˵εǰ
ִС㣬ѽȻ¡
תһΣͼڳˣֻ֮ǰûȥˡ
Σ𣿡
ʵĵȷе֣ʣϣ˭ǲģžûˣ˵ԼģҲƭԼǲֻܴڳӷߣеܰȫ
αɵˣһʱ䲻֪ôش
Ц֪ҪشĻһ˵¡治µĻǾ͸ҴһȥǸը
㡭ң
ôѵ㻹ܳҲɡ
ֿ֣ҵţ½֮һҪÿ
ҲҪҴܲܲըܵĻСҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
ӷ粢ûȥӴ򿪣ߵӵߣĶ
ըмλãҲѾ򿪹һΡ˭Ҳܱ֤ٴδӵĻ᲻ըԣŴӲӡģڵΪӦĵըڲĶɣ
˵û⡣ըڱը֮ǰըڲ
ǺãϸһʧˣƳһڣܾȶ˾;ȶ٣ùҡ
Ļô졭
񹦻壬ٴըըҽԺȥסһ꣬Ҫģ
ľۻʾй֮⣬ͬʱл꼶ĹһըֵסĻҲԾˣ
ǺãСһ㡣
ӷ粻ٶԣеķ쵽ӵĲ棬ʼӵĲ濪һӡ
һ̣ǳӷ磬ڳÿһˣһ亹ȴһˣҿӷǱߣӷôģҲ˵û˿ĵӷ翪ӵķ
ʮӣӷСӵĲ濪һƴСڣҲѾԴСڿըˡ
ãû
ߵ˳ӷǰ˫ۿըһе㷢㶣ʵʲôըôһ򣿡
ըȷһƹСĲڲһֺɫҺ壬ҺУźܶϸСͭ˿Щͭ˿ƾըװˣ
ֻ˵һҺըģ𣿡
ҺըĻǲ̫Сһ㡣ҿ⵹һը
ĵСڷǳڳˣķǳ
ըɣҲǡըһը˻ɴģƻ֮⣬ᴫһĲǸʱ򣬾Ͳǻٵˣ۵ˣһĲֵĻǻͨȾڵأҲܵв
ըôʲôһը
ӷ磬ڿɲʱ򡣼Ȼװըط
⣡ţһǳ嶯Ļǡ
֡
ըԽԽ󣬲ڵĺɫҺ壬ҲѾ仯ΪɫҺ壬ϸСͭ˿𽥵ı֣Ҳ㣬ʼ󣬱ٱ
ãװѾˡģƳһڣ¶
ȥ
ϻֻǿѾ׼ˣȥĻᣬɣ죬ûʲôʱˣȫȥ
Ȼתֱһǽڣһȭǽڴ˹ȥ
顣
ƾĵΪҪǽϴһʲô£ڳҲΪµĹϵûȥעֿͻȻΪ
ըҪըˡˣģ
ʲôȥ
ٸҷϻǲҰǡ
ͬһһֱⶪ
ѽ
磬㻹ʲôѽ
ңȥ
УҲܡ
ģ޶ȥ
á
Žеӷ磬㲻ѽ
ӣɣˣ
ȫңģһѡ
õġ
֡
ʱ䵽ˣģҲ
Ҳߡ
ģȥ
䡭
һǿĸ˳ȥ
ӷ˫ۿŲը˿һ𣬽ţǿĳЩѾɫҺ壬ȫ塣
Ķľۻʾ⡣
ء
¡¡
Ƶ꣬һҵ𶯣


417 Ķ3
ƵΧѾ׼棬Ǵ̨Ҳˣ˶ܡ
һһӳֳˣȫͬʯͷͬһʱа㣬ֻЩˣȻǴʯͷĹˣ˴һʱ׼ҽԺ
ֻ˿һµ˺ȴÿһ˶·Ƚ롣
ϸ˼һ壬緢ʲô⣬ҽԺȡ
飬ֻɲ£ûˣûˣֻеҽȷֻ֮۶ܷ
֣ȥҽԺֻ뿪
ҡͷ֣ģûµġ绹أ
ʲôû
ĴԱܹ˵˳֣ըѾϾҪըˣ
ըˣ
˵ôˣˣжܶ죬ը
ը
ֻɫļΪ࣬ͬʱθʵСӣȷը
ȻӷͲˡ
ӣǲǲˣ
һ¡
ȣٵȵĻô硢ɩѽ
Σɱˣεɲһը˵ըĻط
λģ⼸طѾˡ
ѵͻȻϵÿһ˶
Ǳߵը𣿡ʵ
ǰ˵ӣǶˣˡطըȫǼٵģСҲ׼ըʱŷ֡
ٵģ⵽ô£
˵طըǼҲ֪ըȴٷ֮ģѻٷ֮ըһըǾͻᴫĲۣ
֪ͨ뷽棬˵б䣬оԱȫμ
ˣ뷽˹ѾΪһǣ
ڸô죿
ڰЭӷǵģڵμˣȴһ취ûУ
ǿȥҴѽ
¡¡
ͻȻ䣬Ƶһɾҵ𶯡
顣
һǿҵıըӾƵм¥һŨҵɫӱը¥˳
ľãѾըˣЩɫһǲǣˣ
˵ȫˡ⣬ķ֪ͨ۵ȫصԵļУŴغãⱻЩ޼ҿɹˣȫľƵ꣬ÿһҾƵ꣬ȫѡ
ãϡ
һ£
Ȼ̧ͷ䣬Ȼ˲˼һĻ
˼ĵı飬Ҳǲ̧ͷһ̣ΧˣǾ컹ǾˣɸոϹĻѼˣŴͣÿһ˵ӼҪˣ
ʲôӰ𣡡
ƴţʯͷ龰ǵһμ
ֻǱը¥Χ֮ǰΪըɫȻȫ˻ȥͬ¥һ㣬еɫ˻ȥ
ৡ
һӰӻѵ˵ǰһţǺӰģҲֻлǣֻЩͨˣʲôû
ɣôˣ
Ϸ廰䣬ֻھƵ֮ϣƯһŮˣŮ˵Ӱе֣ȫɢ΢΢ĺɫâ
ৡ
ৡ
ৡ
漴Ӱ˻ߣߣɽƸ佣
ǬţţϽΧֵȫеЩһڸ
ɽ
ǶѾ˰еЩһһųӷİȫ
һﲻѣǲˡڽֵҰиļһǳô죿ƴţʵ
ܣСѾȥӷˣӷ粻Σյġ
ըѾըˣɽȴ˿϶˵Σգ֪սƵʲô
ǺãˣΧֵȫסӬҲǷɳȥҵ뿴ǺηʥȻ̫ͷ϶
ৣৣৡ
ѵ˷˺üȥٶ֮죬Ҳˣ
أֻɵ۵ʵ
û뵽ҹһˣȻǸֲѽǴѽЦ
ӳֳӷ类ɫΧš
ڳӷǰȴһɫĹâ
ôס𣿡
վ֮ǰƳĶǰʵ
ôˣ
Ҳοɾ׶༪ˡ
Ҳûá뿪Щɫ̫ǿһ̫࣬ңҲˣ
ĲЩȻˣɲ޷
ʲô˼
ɡСӣôҸˣʵ̫ҵˡ
ڳӷǰĽ⣬Ȼǽ󸷢ġ
ʱ䶼ɣȻˣǽҲ̫Զ
СҲ𣿡
𶯲ҵɳء
а취£
Ǹ߼ţСҺΡ
һţص˿
ӷ벻һȻɫ𽥵ڣҲ˵ղҲǽĹ͡
С¹ܣģ
˵ʲô¹ܣֻһ˶ѡ
˶٣˵ÿ취ΪڵĶһ涨ʱͷųⶾͻҵǿһʱ˾͸ˡ
ﶼ˵ģȴ޷෴ΪڣЩǿ֮ǰһ
ӷѽ˵㲻ǰﵹæ𣡡
ҿģСûѽɷģȻ޷ȫԡ
ʲôЦҿԵĻҾͲˣ
ˣǰаټ㻹ħðĶֹһеĶڵĶ
ӷ绹벻ԼĹȻáǣԼǰҲûԹѽܳ¹ãԼܵҲûʲôϵһʧܣԼûܶ˵ġ
ӷ磬ûʱ俼ˣһѰɣ˵
˶ĵǮô˳ӷÿζǶѽ
ľͶİɣֲûĹ󸣬Ҹô
ڽһһɢͽɢĶڡ֮ǰľۻʾסһĶ׾ķסħķȫƵڵͬһλãѹγһðĶڽȫ


418 1
ķ˵аҲ˵ԶĿǰҲֻķܽеĶ򣬶йǲ
תȥ棬ҲǾƵĴ̨ϣ˫ɢ׹⣬΢΢ĺɫâҲѾǿɲûʱҪΪӷѹأɲңӷʧܡ
ߣӣһ潫Ǹӷ̫ˣ
ƵĴ̨ϣһһŮҲĶŶɣȻԼѾˣҲûʲôòصġ
𣿡
үԸֻаٷٰ֮յ¶֡
ѵûգ
ûУ֣ûС
־ǵ硣
ߣ֪ǸŮʲôͷ𣿡
Ҳǳĺÿѣθڡ
ǸŮˣҿɲȥǡ
Ŷû뵽㲻ȥǵŮˡ
ޣ˭ǣ˭
ޣ˵ޣʮǰ޵Ĵˣ
ûڼǰһΣʵ̾硣
û뵽ѽû뵽ԭޣȻһйŮˡǣˣѵ֣Ҳ򲻹𣿡
һˣǶ֣аʤġֻΧЩһӵϣǾ
ৣৣৡ
ӰĸλϣȫվһһŮ֮ΧĽ֮һ˫˫۾żɱ⡣
ҵʲô˲˰죬ԭձСӡ
ѺǲмһЦ֮˿϶ԷձˣΪŮؿϵ÷ǣձɽıǡ
йӹȻһ۾ϳǵݡǸûʲôйҲֻ뿴йһ̫ӵŶ
㣬ǷϻʲôֱӰǸ˾ǡ
û´ĻλӦþйǵСƴţɣձʵ
û뵽һƴţͷѾ쵽ձɽȥˣʵѽ
˵λȰڶ֮ǰΪǾͰװըôһС
ѵǻквɣ˵кУڣҲˣ
ձ˴һȣ˵ƼҵһȻѽ
ɫԵ۾̾㡣
һƴСģǵǸܷ񶥵סǸδ֪
쵰
ţ嶯һеӷ紦ǱߵٶҲҲ·µˡ
ƵӳֳѾͷ˳ͬʱӷҲս˵ķԼڡ
ľۻʾĻ壬Ͼ׾ĹЧܿ죬еĶѾӷƵڵĵλãļȡ̵ʱڣеĶ
ǿҵӳӷɢ˳һǵصƶ¼˾ƵϿգγһƣ֮ڣŵ׵硣
Сӣû¾ۼ׵ʲôϰɢȥ׵ǻġ
ڳӷ׾ʱȻȻۼڣûз֣׵ҲᱻֻǵĻᷢʲôˡ
˿̵ĳӷһ仰Ҳ˵ڣҲΪˣӷǱѹһɽƵģһҲˣ
СӣټӴһϽʱԽãԽΣա
ǳĴ˳ӷĶУӷ̽ڵһᣬҪ߾磬ֻϧܳӷôŬֻܵΪһ̶ȣһ
ô£ΪʲôǱסƵġ
ӷǲɴδѵǶĹϵ
ûãȻֻһǳӷͱһˣȻǳӷӵеĸͶ
һɫĹâֳ漴˳ӷ
ӷڰԼ屾ڵĶٺòĻ
̡
ϳӷ籾ͻأ̹ȻΪһ壬γһɫĹâɫĹâһǿҵĵ㣬ڳӷٵš
ɣҲУ
˼ڿɲȥӷ磬ΪӷڵѾڴȵˡ
ղֻһڣӷԭΪĳ̶ϣڲϵ
ԼʮңѾԽ˳ӷԭΪڳӷϵǹѹҲʱʧ
ΪʲôۼĶһļûС
ӷѵǽķ
뽫ƶڵλһԣ˭֪ڳӷ絤ﴦĶȻڷת
ô
ӷд󾪣ڵĶȻıǣҲ˵ѾתΪ˵ǳӷ磬󸣬Ҳδţδ
ЩһﵽõʲôըôЩػתΪģ
㣬ȻԴ֮ǡɣ֪ˣֶأǴֲģǶͬΪؼһ壬ѹֿתΪˣСӣøѽֺôÿζ
ӷ綯˶촽Ѿûκѹʵʲô˼
⻹ڵѾԽԭӵеʱʱ


419 2
ΪĹϵʹĳӷȵǰһͿԵھˡʱҲΣյģ֮ǰҪΣһ˴ţǳӷ粻Ϊ߻ħΪʧΪһˣȫϣԶʧ
ˣÿһ磬ٵΣվͻӺܶ౶ԽԽӽ۷徳磬ΣվԽԣԹܷ߲࣬ҲһֲҾɣ
ӷϵĹâӵǿҲѾӵɫĹâγһԲ򣬽ӷΧڣһͬĹڹϿٵţ·ÿһ߱˻һе
󸲻̫ӷ磬ΪޣɱϾ࣬ߵĸʱһĳӷ̫СҲûˡ
ǹؼʱ̣ܵκӰ졣ŮҪסˣ˭ý룬ӲĻɱ
˵
ɿһڵĳӷ磬ӷǿȻˣڸ֮ǰҲҪȰӷһذѺá
ģڣ˭Ҳ
Ƶ档
ձɽŮǳԾĿžƵɢĹâ໥һۣ˾ѵǴ˵е֮⣡ǼһȻǸߣ
˵ôˡүֻҪйߣܸĴۣҪ
ţڵȷǹܲôˡǼһﻹδӲɱȥ
ιǵĶӣаɡ
ƴţѾͲסˣЩձӸôĶƵɱӷ磬Ȼ֪ӷڵôˣɻƴţԲǿƵ벽ġ
ţڻûǵĵϸѺ⼸ѧĶ٣ʲôˣ֪֪ˣܰսʤ
ɻļֹƴţƴţȭͷһգѾձ˳˹ȥ
ǬƴţѾˣһ־ʩչƽѧ뽫Էɱ
ǬȻƴţûƴţǰ嶯Ҳ֪ȻԷܹԼ˷ֺҲû˿ܵĶǾһ򵥡
ܱ֤ƴţһܹ֣ǬҲûƴţԷˣǽƴţ֮׼ڷʱ֡
ǼƴţǬѾˣʲô˴ĸλͬʱձŮڵĴ̨˹ȥ
а׹һһѶ̱˫սУɢһǿľû뵽ȣҲһߡ
ȻǸߣȸЩһɡ
ǰгɡ
Ҫ𣿡
С
Ǻðɡ
ߴγһǹȻǹɱ˵ģͨǹԻƴţҲ𲻵κεá
߳տһǹǹȻһѶǹֻһڹϣһҾȱ
ձҲȲ
ƴţѾձ֮ϣ嵹ת˫ȭɢľɢľ¡
顣
صһȭûдձŮٶȼ죬գۼ䣬Ѿ˿ˡ
ƴţǶϲǵĶ֣Ⲣձˡ
ӽ컹뿴ЩձСӣŶ͡˶йɡ
ౡ
ţ
ͻأһĿǻƴţ
Ǭ׼ֻû뵽ձŮûʲô£ˣȴǲͬ졣
ء
ͬûлƴţƴţǬ˿ʹ̨ϲһС͵ıըʯȫ˷ɢ
ʲôˣȻ˱̬
СģɢǴδǰûĸ֡Ⱥ
ѾģϣһȻܷɣѵҲߣƴţ̧ͷֵˣû뵽˾ȻԸڿеġ
ܣǵӷȫͬԲߣ
Ѿ˻ƴţǰ˵һսûκΰգܳ
ھƵſڣҲѾͻȻеˣֻЩͨˣʲôƴţǣҲΪÿһٶȵķǳ죬쵽ͨ˵۸ӦѾʧԭأ
ǵ𣿡ʵ
θ˵ͷΧ߸ûߣȴҲע⵽еˡ
ħߣκ˾ʹʮǰ飬ѵô𣬻ܵй
㿴ˣһﲻˣձˡ
һӤҰһǸħߣ˭ܱ֤ձӤҰһ֮⣬ûħߡɲôЩһȫǱܵǶġ
˵ħߵǶ֪ģţǶûħߴһԿǲǸöˣ
˵𼱣һսûʼӷ絽ڶûг֣ȻûɢҲ˵ӷѾסˣǻȵȵȰɣ򲻵ѣҪ֡
ϷĴ̨ƴţȫۼһ𣬶ձŮѾƵԱߵĴ֮ϡ
ʲôˣƴţʵ
ձˡ
ϻѵҲ֪ձˡ
㻹ʡȶԻƴţǲ첻Ҫжƴţֵġ
ҵ˼ǡһǲǷӣʲô
һĻ˭Ҳ벻ΪûжԻƴţǳ֣໥֮ĻȽرһȭһȭȥǳнС
໥֮ȭͬʱǵΧۼһſŻɫСЩɫС˸˹ȥһһĸǵںϡ


420 3
еձѾ֣ͣ໥ʱĻɫСҲΪ֣ںΪһ壬ڻɫСںǵ֮ǵϣͻȻһ⣬һֻɫĹââ֮УЩĺڹ⡣
Ƶſڵ˼ձ˵ľٶص˿֮ǰĵģ˿Ѿһɨա
˵Ҫ໥ܾۼħԪأСɫˣ赣ġ
˵Ȼħ߲ҪǵģǲӦȥӷˣ
˵ûǸҪȻѾסˣҲ˵ۣΣˡ
Ϊ˲¼ȥ۵룬ֻ˵ǲҪˣ˵ɡ
ӻûгӷʲô⣬ǿɵ𣡡
ģǼڣҪǵκ顣ȥƺһСʱ󣬾ͿԸ㱨ߵˣһУá
Ȼ˵ˣֻҲͲö
Ǻã飬ͼλˡ
˵ֻ꣬ų˵֣Ȼؼң赣ġ
ҲڣҪȴ
⺢ӡ
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422 ڵë
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ƴţһŵԱһţֱ˵ϣ˵У٣ӽ١ڵë


423 ڵԺڵ
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424 Ӿ
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ۣʲôӰ࣬޷ǾǾƬڵƬЩӰϼͶʵģ۵ӰӽгУҲȫϼŵǩԼˣɼϼţƬССŶȨƸ
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ųӷྩĳ˵磬ྩ۱ûַȴһֹŵζʵںǰྩˣྩػӣ뵽ЩʿĻǰи뵽Ͻɽһǡ
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ֻҵĲ²⣬ɲôǼ֮ĹϵҪãʱΪŮ֮ĸ飬ɱϵܵİѳ˵ǰ棬ҿʲôܣǰôôһһ


428 ټƶ
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ԼںδʼȴԼһѣϴۣҪġ
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ӷڲƶ̸ʲôΪӷ֪Լڿٶ࣬ƶҲֻܿͷϴӦģĸס
ӷҲ֪ƶҮ壬ӦһĵλĸײйѰйһеǿߣԣֻҪƶйԼ͵ڿסҮһƣʱֵĺԼҲռ˺ܴľȨ
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ϣǼŮҪӰ࣬ɳӷҲţྩԼģôҲҪðźáȻΪҪǣüˡ
Ժ¶Ժˣڳӷ˺úͻȥˣྩֻһҲǳӷҪҪ֮ˡ
л¥һͨİڣӷһɶѾ극ˣȴոոϵ
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ŽӰӽĵһӰϾҪȫͬӳˣĹҲʱʼΪҪΪŵһӰŬҪԼŬ
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ӷû˵ǰıӰĵɣģҴƬ£ҲƸģҪҲǵǰ棬һŵʱ򣬾Բκ˺ǣΪΡ


435 һŮ
ҲǸˣһʱȥ飬ȴ鲻κϡ
ܲڣӷոյĿģ֪ФһǸ˵ϡ
ǣһʱ䣬پȴʲôû鵽
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ѾȫʡУкһСͨŵ˵飬ѵ˷ǳ࣬ҪǸˣͲڡ
˵Ǳҵģûн˲Ǳߣ
УҲǺһȥ鵽˵ڱ󣬵ȷˣǰҵġɵһǮӱĸǸѵϺ󣬾ҵĽһ飬ϣҲαģǼͥסַ֤ȫǼٵġ
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ʹڲӦôȥƳӷ硣֪ФӷĹϵ򵥣Ѹ֮䣬㵹ãФԷȥӷ磬ѵΪӷ粻ỳû´ĻӷѾڵˡ
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Ȼǡϲˡ¡һ꣬˶ԣνҲ˵飡ÿһ˵񣬶ĴڣǶֻҪȥ۲˵񣬶׵ķֱݼãǵͨ쳹صľ磬ɳӷȴͨˣεٺãҲܴпԹҲʮǰԹԹȥһЩ֮µĻǾͻܱа⣡
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İɣӷ͵ȴǳţ⻪ĵ̣ĻԻˣ˶㡣ӦѾ뵽ıҵĴڣΪݶûеˣǲǶٶġ
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С㣬һҲס
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ΪʲôҪФӷ߲ǻ𣡡
ŮЦΪֻФΪƭ⼸Ůˣ̫鷳


436 һ
ྩѧʳһܻӭˡǰÿʳʱЩȽųѧԶԶģʳóԷһþͻᱻ˴סǵġڼǰ޳ܵļһѧˣʹྩѧҲ࣬٣Щųѧõ챻˵ˡ
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緹ʱ֣ʳڵѧǳ࣬ÿһѧҲ۴ŭĿźһ
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һȺʮųŮѧҪ뿪ʳã緹ҳˡ
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˵λͬѧҿѵûѧУһˣҲôҰɡ
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һһＸ⣬ԼһٸӣԼҲթλСͷȥѽοǻԼϴŮˣԼɡ
ĺһǴĽ˵Ƶģ˵λŮѧȻҪȥʺõġЩһҲ̫ۿ˵˰ɡһƣǮ򲻵ġ
һһ·̯еͱˡ

һһ˵һˣ죬ǻѧУҵģǻġȻҺһһǳǶ֮ˣǰҲҲæҺһûԵʱҲ˴ңҺһˣ˻ѧУ֮⣬Ҵһ١
˵꣬һߵʳõ򷹲˵ĵط˵壬ȫУͬѧĻʳҶˣûɣ
ʳô忴һۺһѧʳôӡǳ̣Ҳ֪һ䲻ǸȴǳСûǮǲ˵ִ󻰵ġǰһûץסЩ͡ѧ򷹲˵ĵطҿһ
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438 ҵս1
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439 ҵս2
ŵĸ߲ѾһƬңÿһŵĹ˫۽ĶŸǰıʼǱԣÿһ˵ֻÿʮʮͻһΣõϢϹе𶯣ʹ˵ɫļΪѿ
żȻܱӷ翴УǾ;Ŵ֮磬ôΣΪܲõңһżˣʻôȥȶˡ
ܲãӣ̨ϼžͺƵģ֮ͣҴôδġ
˵Щûõķϻзôˣ
ڣżûҳӷ磬ҪԼȥǰΣǣ̨ϼŵĹƾЩ߲˵㣬̫ңٶ̫죬СʱµвҵѾ̨ϼŸʮ֮УҲѾʼµˣ
ܲã²̫롣СʱǵĹѾ˺ö࣬ĳ̶ȥڽ֮ǰǹ˾һĹɷݣ䵽֮֡
ⲻܡѾǻҵˣ̨ϼŵĲôҲô̵ʱڣǵĹи֮ҡ
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ܲãһΣ̨رģһǲԱˣµЩҵŵ֮һļ۸ۡǵӻΣ⣬ڽֵͬʱͽеļ۸ˣǹ˾ЩϻһõϢֹǹ˾ĺǫ̈̄ܵϼǱȥˡϼΪ˳״ǣЩϻǣҪǽԵĲʱͶ뵽ϼţΪС
ǱˣɵˣҲὫԼǮȥԸҵͷ̨ϲһΪǰ֮ڵĸ̣㹻ΣЩԭźļһȻǼʹ棬ǽͷݣһߵ
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440 ҵս3
ӷҵļ̳˿ԴҸţôΪӷӣǳԶɽնϱɣʸҸţҲ˵ŵɲûԼۣ˵ÿһ仰ҲžԵķ
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˵С㣬ȥ졣


441 ҵս4
ɽۣ֮طӷѾܶˣóӷ̵ģǸӤҰһﻹл޼ǼսһΣǴΣӷųԼ޷ƵûҪԼ

һ绮ʣֻ̹һͬһǰ㣬ֱ׹ɽ֮ۡ
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˸ɽʱȴĴɽ
ɽྩ԰ߵһɽĴСΪ磬ǣǡ
ڼӷ˺Ҫ̽ڵ߳ӷ磬һɽǳԲһƨɾһʯͷϡ
Сãôˣ
ɽǰʵ
ǣǻɽˮˡ
£˵ӣ㱻۸ˣǱˣ£ţ磬ţȥѾġ
һۻƴţ˵٣Ҳұѽ
Сã˵ǲǼ£
Ǽˣųˡ
ӷʵż򣬻ʲôѽ
ΪŶסԲŽг𣬲Ȼʲô
ѻ˵ŵ׳ʲô£
̨ϼǿƽҵ磬ҪĿȻšżų̂϶ԿǸδѾţҰҲȥˣǵʵҲֻסʱ䣬ֵܵס̨ϼŵǿƽġң鿪ʼڲСʱңѾʮ֮ɷݱ̨չ̨չµһҵ󣬻Աˣеļ۸˺üΣʹڵţһƬֻ֮С
ӷһû뵽ԼɽСʱžͷô顣
˵ų̂ϵʵ˵Ÿϼ֣ҲǵֵסģܹȥţûдԴ޷̨϶ŸɣҲ˵ɳʱ֮⣬
Ͳµǻֻû뵽ô졣
磬ǻʲôɱȥɡ
Ǭ˵ţ㵱ȥѽɱȥõĻͺðˡ
ɽ˵Ǭ˵ų̼̂ҵĲ˵ڵأûκһҼſ֮⣬ҪԲӲӲĻǳԿһǡ
ƴţ˵ǸôǳһֽģпɻҴĹأ̨ܱ̼Ҿ˰ɡ
ԣ̨̼ңҶģҲѾ鵽ҲĻϰ壬ǣġ
뵱̼Ϻ㱨ʧ֮ûһ㶯ˣԭһֱ׼ǵһΣҪһٽӷ
ӷЦҪһٽǲ̼Ҳҿ̫˰ɡ
˵ܱܲ߱˵ѽǱ߿ɵȲˣδŵǱѹŵĻ룬ڵһ룬Ѿ䵽֮ˡ
ɲɣȥںԼ㱻˵лҲãҪȰҽűס
ӷ磬ҿһΣһҪŵˣ򣬸Ͳܻ˲̼ҡǬ˵
Ƕʱһ̼ңҲ
ô
ȻؼȥˣǸʲôȥʲôɣ£ǲùˡ
磬㲻ǰɣʱ㻹ؼҡ
ȻҪؼˡУţ绰㣬ϻؼңڼоǣһ˻ؼңȻǾʹŷʲôġ
ƴţǼΣʱˣӷ粻Ҫؼңлѻؼңʲôѽؼ


442 ҵս5
ŵΣӷ粻ûȥܣûȥʣһ绰Ҳûдɣֱܻؼȥˡ
ӷصʱһ˻ڳӷ֮󣬽Ŵȫֱӽ˷䡣
ڻѵķϣͰڷź̨ʼǱԣ̫Զûߵġ
ķѽѵŮ˶ϲζ𣿡
ӷνЦ
㵱ֳѽҲɨ⼸컹ڰɨ䣬㲻лң۴ҡ
ӷԩѽԼз۴̻ѵ˼ֻ˵ķȽˣҲһַ۴̵Ļϣûˡ
ˣ˵ôϻô˵ɣ
Ƕаôѵ𣿡
ģÿζظ飬һһΣʲôʱǸͷѽ
˶٣˵ʲôʱ߳ȥȥһ鷳Ƕں֣
㣿ûѽҳӷֵҲһ㡯ֻ֡һַȥˡҲϲ·ϱ˶ſȥţ̨̼ҵĽǾ͵ֱӸˣҲĻϰ塣
ĸ˵ôôɡ
СѣΪҽֻ뵥úڿͼ̨ϼŸ𣿡
Ѳɣ㻹ֱ˲ϸ̼ң
һҪأȴڡ̨̼ҵĲ˵ҲüĲұĲĿǰ˲ϸ̼ҵġǣҲΪε飬뵽һ¡
ʲô£
Сѣǵôʶ𣿡
˵յྩʱʶġ
ҵ˼˵ǵһʶǵһμ档
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˼
ҵ˼ܼ򵥣Ҳ˵Ҫۼ
һ㶣˫ɵɵĿųӷ磬ʵ뽫ҳ
ûҪһŸڿȵĻ̫СһҪȥȡĻţڿ;ۼҵߡ
˵ЦˣҺò׸㵽ɶ棬ڸңҪţ
ģֻ˵˵ˣġҲһҪҳڿͣ㣬Ҫˡ
ҲŲأҪԼңҿɲ뵽ʱҵˣȴ
ģǲģˣʱм㣬Ϊһȥȫ硣
һ£Ҳһڿͣںڿ͵Ŀ࣬ҲԼĳڲͬĻ˵ԼҲһڰĽ䣬޷⣬ȥڱ˵Ĺ
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ܶ飬ķȥĻɹǼֵɹˣҲҪһܴȦԣҲͻҪС
ѽԴ򿪣ʵھͶְɣȿһ̨ϵ

ӷЦʱ̨ϡ
ٲǵĻǾͻȫˡڽĹ֮ǰ޷ѹ죬žҪˡ
Ҹղ˵УԴڿͣŵΣֻҪڿ͵ҵ壬̨ϣҲˡ
˵ɣһô
ӷ˵Ƚš
ѡһųӷ˫ۣʵ˵˰ɣ
ûš
ɵ˰ɣ
ûɵҵĻڣ˶û˿׼ʱ㶫а֮š
ɲʣӷ˵ңһУѾҵ֮еġ̨̼ңڿͣΣԸͷ
ţոոϻƴţǼҲܹ֣Ҳ֪ӷ絽ôôԸ̨ϼš
ôӷûУ
ѾȵĲͷˣٲҪԼȥɽҳӷˡ
һ壬˵Ҵˡ
ҿˡҪģӷ硣
ؼȥˡ
ʲô
˵ӷܻؼ˯ȥˡ
ɫǱеѿⶼʲôʱˣӷȻܻؼȥ˯ڸʲô
ӷҸ㣬Ͳùˡоǣӷ˵һֱһΣҲȫŵġ
ǱˣĻɲֹͬһѡųӷ磬ڣͬųӷ硣
ż
ǣС㡣
еĻʼ
С㣬ڵĲͷѽԷƤë˲
Щ㲻ùܣҵĻȥ
Ǻðɡ
ܲãˣˡ
һŮӻ˽ڴС
ʲôš˵ǲǲǱչһֽ
ǡڱȸղŸ㡣
ѻ˵
Ů˵ڳ̨ϼŽ֮⣬ֳµĵˡ
ʲôʲôˣ
µĵˣ̨ϸӿ£Ҳ˵ҵСڿ͡
һҵ˵µ飬ǱڿͽһЩļȡȥ߽ʽ͵ȥ
û뵽Ÿ̨ϼŵǿƽͬʱ˺ڿ͵ĹܵУ˴粽ѽ


443 ҵս6
ڿݣɶ֪ԳӷʱͲҪκμɻ䣡
ȥ飬ʲô˹ǹ˾
żɫʼ࣬һϼ첻ͽԼŴʱɱڿͣţͬǰ㣬Ȼҫۣȴݡ
ŮҪȥ飬˵¾ͽɡǼԸϼš
ྩѧϵĸ߲ڵԸ緽棬ϷǳɫڣԼҲӦˣţͬʱҲóӷǷԼһ顣
˵Ҳѧԣȴ޷С㣬ڿͷ棬ͽˡ
һOKƣȻߵһ߲ǰıʼǱԸ˹
ڿĿǰǹ˾ʲôϵͳ
Ůشǹ˾ĺڿͷǳֱӽǹ˾ϵͳһǹ˾ϵͳڿƣǵʽͻᱻǣס޷ȡ⣬ΪϼŶǹ˾ĹƱչһڿⷽ涯ۣ治Ҫȵˣ죬ǹ˾Ҫֱ̡
߽ŵϵͳ˵ԣڿǲϼİ֣Ҫڽ֮ھţڿͿסŵϵͳãķֻҪץڿ͵֤ݣǾ֪ǲϼŸɵģҲû취
ǰʵûаգ
֣İɣֻҪԷĲǹϵ֪ڿͣҾоԵİսϼȥ
˵ţѾϵͳݡ
һӣӣӹȥˣżһǳŵĿŵĻʱһˡ
ô
ɫҲżһķǳѿһֲŵĶŵĻ
С㣬ôӲǹ˾ϵͳǲѾڿ͸סˣ
ܣǼŵϵͳװĿǰ߼ķǽһкüҪĻҪ֮⣬Ҫʱ䡣ǣڿӵʱ䣬ôôѾסŵϵͳ
ƴţ˵СãϿ죬ѽòǶԷļҪߣš
һۻƴţ뿪ʵѾǰڵĻϣʾһɫͷţһŵĻϿٵš
ôܣһȻֻӣͿƽŵϵͳҽȫסˣ
żʵС㣬ûа취ɳȥ
ⲻܣǹ˾ϵͳǷΪ˺ü壬ɶԷȴڿϵͳͬʱȫסˣҪߣ˵ңǡ
δ꣬û˵ı飬뵽ʲôƵġ
ɽʵСãôˣ
ӵվ˵ɣôùɣ
ôˣʵ
˫һգգĿŵĻ
ͻȻڵĻЩ֮УȻһѰС͵Ľ漴ֳһ֧֧ССĵӣһһռĻ
С㣬ô£ôż
˫۴ӵĻɣҲͬڿ͡а
а˭ѽƴţʵ
˵ĺڿͣ͵ĺڿͣڿͽʮ֮һа
ྩƵ101ͳ׷
С㣬ˡ
ڣϼŵļ߲ȫһ߲ڿһϸշһź˶е㶡
ʲô⣿˪ʵ
ڵҡ
ң˵һ㡣
кڿͳ֡
ԣģ
ǡǽŵġ
˪ߵǰȻֿһ¹У˵ôʲôôģʱң
С㣬ҿԷǵҵģҲ֮еõôӡѾסŵϵͳȴʲôûûи̸ҲûǣҾãԷֻ̺ôǿ֡
һһ˭֪ڿ͵ĳڣǲԸǵġ˸ˣȼӿ죬Ҫڽ֮ǰŸ
ǣС㡣
ྩĳг
һ˵ĸˣС⣬ڸ˵ߣһԼʮ߰ŮˣæǮһ֪ǶĸŮСȴǳģĸŮ˵϶ŲõЦݡ
ţĲˣúˣ·Сģӭ´춼ġ
Ц⺢ãûٹҵĽеʱ򻹶͵ײ˸ңһܼ޸˼ҵġ
ţǿؼȥɣŮѾˡ
򡣡
ߣš
æˣҲѾĲˣڿϢһˡ
СĪ͵ɣʰһ£Ǹûؼˡ
˶ԼŮЦ
СĪŮ˽ϵΧԱˮϴһ󣬿ɼգġ
裬ɣһˣȻؼҰɣʰ˾ͻؼ
˵Цдſ⣬˵СĪˣΪңѧҵ󶼲ҹڲгˡ˵ǴҵʱҿͲˣȥϲɡ
裬˵ʲôأһˣҲ֪࿪ء
⺢ӣ治֪˵ʲôáͬһЩͬѧкܶˣ㡭
˵ûУſҪˡ
Աһ޵СĪĶС
˭֪ѽŵʲôԷ˺ڿͶԸǣӣţ⻪ҵİҲ粻˶ˡ
˵˵ģȻҲЩ̳ˣҿǻǸϿʰ̯ӣʲôʲôȥɡķԱЦ
СĪǰʵ壬Ǹղǲ˵кڿţ
СĪҲЩѽ
棬ʶѡ
ûſ浹ù㿴ֻţ˵ŵĺڿͣģʲôаţ
СĪһʵǲǶа
ԣͽжа㲻ЩڿֶͣȡЩ֡
ֻһŶѣǸݽӹС˵Ӣ۴еȡģаҲȫڿ֮һ
СĪĿѽ
µġ
СĪɫ˳ٸЩ˶˵ʲôصĸ׵ߣ˵裬컹ȥɣҲõˣҳȥе£Ҫ
СĪȥʲôطѽûǮ
裬İɣǮġ
СĪֱ߳˲гתһӣͨӽһͣӿڴóһңֻͣڣһΪĺɫ˼¡СĪɫĳŴ򿪣һţٵĳͣ


444 ҵս7
ӷ磬ҿļƻӦòɹġⶼСʱȥˣӰû֡
ڵǰ̾治֪ӷƻܲܳɹڿĳˣܲܽǸȦУɾͲǳӷܾˡ
ȰɣҲ
㵱ȻˣеǮǱߣѾˮƵġ㿴ϵҪϵͳֻϧޣ岻
Сѣҿ佱Ļֱ˵ǲЦġ
˵ʵ
Ѿͷǲģ֪Ķ֣ɾǲϷļͬѧ˹
ҿ˰ɣȥȲ˵̨̼ҵ⣬Ѿͷģķչá
Сѣ̫ˡСĻƻܵصĴͬѾͷģһֵվˡ
ÿһŮ˶ôǿɲÿһŮ˶һ
Ǵô
ʲô
ŵйɷݡ
ӷ磬УҵǷҲ׹ȥҰҲ̫һɣ
ûҰģΪáΪƼ֮ŮӦ·
㻹һΪԼ֮ӣ߾֮·ȥڵҵԼûʲô𡣡
ӷЦҸ㲻һԼһΨһжұϾճģʲôӦú
ˡ˵ô࣬ҰҲöģܽڿΪõĻӽҲϵˡŵĹɷݣ͸ҵģиûжûʲôȥ𡣡
ǿɾ˵ˡ½֮ƴСҲϵκˣȡ⼸֮ڣ˵㽫йĵڶԽ졣
ҿûôҰģӲҸȣֻҪܻ쵽λҾѾˡ
ཡ
Էѻһ˵ˣ
˭
ĻϣֶЩԼٶȣŻЩ롣
֮ĳڿ͡СѣأͺúɣֻҪܽסͽˣ
š
Ա߶˼ŮȫͬѧҲྩѧϵĸ߲
ҿ۽ˣһаһڿʹսֻС˵Ӱ
˵ôϻˣ˭Ҳ֪аǰŵϵͳʲôĿġ
ӷ˵ŵϵͳˣûκεʧ䣬ϳ˷ܵı顣
˵ɽڣСǲɵˣ˵һƤëȻЦĳƴţ˵
ɽ˵С˵ǿĺڿ͸֣ʧǳˡ
Ϊʲô
͸һﵽһ֣Ǿң޷ǸֹУԱ߹սҲˣ
ˣԽԽ˼ˡ˵
żǰʵС㣬ô
ڿеĶаȻˣ⼸ʮѵһĺڿʹսѽ
˵֪ڿͬΪһΪʲôڻԼ˴Լˣ
֪ˡںڿͽУҲǷΪֵģһΪԼڿͣһ֣Ϊ档Գ𣬾һأԼĺڿͼȥˣڣаľٶŵ֣ѾƻеĹأȻֹˡң֮⣬Ҳͬʱŵϵͳһ֮ս
ǲϵ۸ؤǬʵ
ȻһͨҲ֮סȻûͨںڿͽﶯκһҹ˾ȴţڼǰͨĳڿͼͬʱȫйҵĹϵͳҲйڡ
ƴţ˵Ҳ˵£ûиǹκε˺ǼһܵϵͳתһȦڹÿһļıһ䡮ͨһΡ
ǹҵĹȫÿһҶһġҲǴǸʱ𣬺ڿͽͨͳΪȫҪͨﷸϧǣ⼸û֪ͨݣ˵ץˡ
ܲã쿴̨ϼŶǵĽѾֹͣŮ˵
ֹͣǱ赲ˣΪһΪаڰ̨£ͱҪ̨϶ǹ˾Ľ赲Ҳ˵ڽ֮ǰ̨ϣһǮˡ
ྩƵꡣ
˪Ǽơ
ô
С㣬ҿǲܾȣʱţҲҪ顣
鲻ҪȻġǻǼԼ¾Ϳˣʰţһ̣һҪŸ
ྩѧУſڡ
ФոմУ߳ͱѸסˡ
СһԶٷɡ
ʦʵڲ˼Ҽе顣
Фɲ뱻κᣬܾܾᾡȥܾ
ǿǿϧˡ
ϧʲô
ģҪˡ
ʦյѧУҪȥʲôط
ྩѧһǼﲻ̫ʺң뵽ȥǱߵƶͯ
ФЦʦΰѽ
ֻ֮ǰܸһԶٷʵ̫ˡ
ȻһٷҲòҶʱ䡣
˵ģ
ǵȻ
߰ɡ
ϵĳĳȴǳ⿪ȥġ
ʦǶѾˣҪȥʲôطԷѽ
ѽϵ˿˵ҲٷФСҪµȥˡ
ʲôʦЦˡ
֨
ͣ¡
תͷ˵ФС㣬ʵڱǸʵҲģҪֵĻȥֳӷɡ
㣬ʲô㵽ʲôˣ
ģǲᶯģŮˣûȤ
һǸ


445 ҵս8
һдĺܶеʱ򣬸Լȡһݶȥȡһ񶾵ֻ֣Լġ
һʵкε˵һһõȥѰһ磬Ҳʹ˲ˡ
СĪҵϺѧѧУһܳĬˣҲһܲ۵ˣòÿΪϲ˽ڱ˵ư͵ʱǾٶ˵գҲᱻ˺ӡ
ڶʱСĪѧϰɼãΪƽ֣ѧϰҲûй˵츳Ϊĸ׵ԸͲѧһѧĸȴҪڲгۻģԲãůסʣ¶Ůġ
ϵǹƽġйһ仰˵үǳ۵ģȻ˺ܶ಻ķ棬Ǿͻһֽܳı죬缼˵ǺڿͼСĪġ񹦡
Ȼһڿ˵ǲὫݱ¶Ϊһ¶Ǿ͵кܶõָԼлҵķڣԣСĪһڿͣһТŮ֮⣬һݣǾǣϷ
м٣ϷҲͬСĪϷԼȥһȫµϷΪҪһϷڿͼԶԶģҪһ͵壬ҪӵиַרҵʿСĪϷǽһ忪ϷĻշѷϷݲ䣬ֽϷͽ˽
й˽Ϸ˺ܶ࣬ɸĳõȴ٣Ϊһ˽ĳ֣ܿͻᱻЩ׬Ǯ࣬ȴʱݡСĪͬƾԼĺڿͼķȫһȦҲ˵ҪҵСĪķڣǾͱΧŵһȦĿǰĿƼйزŲ鵽СĪʱҲʮ֮ˡ
һңǺܶ࣬ȴݷʮ̨õĵԣ١
СĪһ̨ǰһŹֵվվ󣬱һңĺܺÿСľݣÿһСľǰվһˣĸˣһŮˣСĪȻеġ
СĪʵаѾƻĹءΪһ֮˽Ļҵңܵͷ
ΨһŮͷϳһ֣òļԽԽ߳ˣôͽŵϵͳǽҲֻˡ
аϴͨ飬ûǼƽϣû뵽һٵΣҾԲġ
ϴε飬Ҳǳӷչĺŵ£ʱҲǻѰӷúڿͼ㶨ġ
ǺðɣȻ£Ϳ˭ٶȿ졣
˵λôˣһͼˡ
г˵˵֣ţĸҲˡ
սа֪һУһؤܴܲմѽ
ϵۣؤվһߣСĪ֡
⻹ʣȻͶ˹أһΣֻöаŮˡ
һҵҡλǿʼɣһս֮ǵѣо
ڷڿٵôẓ̇˵ϣˡ
ӷЦһ֮˵һҲֻܸƽ֡
Ȼ֪㻹ǺȲ裬æ
û㡣
ӷ磬ʲô˼
ûʲô˼ֻǾ˶Ϊŵ鵣ģΪϰȴڼ븣е㲻̫ܣԣҪϸȥˡ
ںΣӷһһ治֪ﵽʲôɻҲֹסӷ硣
ԼʮӺ󣬻ѿŵĻʾһͼΣʲôӷʲôطϵ
IPѯһãͲò飬Ϊӷĵطš
Ȼһ¾Ͳ鵽ĵطڿͲܲ鲻
СĪ˫ķǳ󣬿ŵĻϿٵĴʵͨôţ
ΣȶˣǻIPַˣ
ϵʵͨɲҪǣŵˣ
ҿû˵ֻܹ棬˳ˡ
棿ڵȥ档˵ͨ㵽ǲŵˣ
ӷˣֱӶġ
ͬʱྩĹֽӵһ绰ֹҶϵ绰̴Ӱ칫˳ȥеˣϡ
ǣ׳
ϣҽ칫ҡ
ǣ׳
ϵɶط˸ץٶȣྩ
׳ǡ
ʣΪҲ֪ǳӵ
ãȥ졣
ӷ粻֪ʲôʱżİ칫ңŶû˷֡
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446 ҵս9
ڿ͵ĶԾʱȫĹעÿһҵĹµˣĸ߲ʿȫͶ뵽йҵҲΪˣ̶̵֮ʱڣ˲֪˲ҪһǣЩݺڿͽڿͣΪʲôҪŶԸһڿͣѵ˵󳬼ڿͣйϵ
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ǣϺҡ
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СĪֱɵۣû뵽Լ˵ݸһ¶ô˶Լɱˡ
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447 ݸĽ֮ŷ
ڶ죬չȫ
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йһУ˫ݸĽܣ޼˫û뵽죬ݸĽ֮һȻ


448 ٿ
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ãˬ죬ûõķˣҲȤҲҽһͬȥɡ
ֻӦò˪ȥˣԼˡ
Ȼ˵ˣȻã鷳ġ
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ڳûˣԳӷҲûҪأ˵ǵҸսʱͶپ˵һɹλߣƾģǱʵֻжý֮ƽȥñˣܳΪһλߡ
˵仰Ҳүү˵ңүү˵仰ǵ˵ģ
丸ӣʵֶΣֵô޵УȥƱ˵ĻҲܳɹ
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ӷЦڵ飬ΪʹģӦүүҲ޼˵үүǵʱѾȥˣڲͣĽҪͣĳµ񻰡
Ȼ־һᡭ
ţҵ˼ˡҵ˼ԼҪΪ񻰣Ҫˣȫͳһȫµ񻰣ңǰǸңڱٿؾͺˡ


449 ͷ
̨̼ҡ
ؿŸոջŮеһɷŭʵ޷й
ڸĸԣΪʹ¾ǰ׷ͺڷˣеʱ򣬸ĸԼĶŮĬĬŵĹһԸԼĶŮһķ粨С
̼ǮǮǶĿµ֣Ϊǰʱʧȥһӣʹ޸ϵĲ̴̣ӵȥϧߵˣǸٶ࣬Ҳȥģԣβ˪ʧܣԶŮĲضûнеķŭй
֣ԲһΣʧˡ
˪ͷüͷеԱΪܱܵ𣬷ȥ˴Ϊŷʱϵ˪ҲܻŻ̨塣
˪СʱҾͽ̹㣬²̫ˣεʧܣΪ̫ļļű𣬲Ż˺ܶϸڵġ
̾˿˵һεʧܲʲôΪôѵûʧܹˣûʧܣĳɹ
֣ΪԼҽڣֻε̫֡Ҽűһ·ֻҪһǳӷһ̲סվġû뵽·ɱڿͣƻҵļƻʹǲʧôǮ
˪²ûнҲҪȥˣһԶԸš
Աߣ˪һͬŷʵүΪʲôֱӶԸӷ磬Ҫһô·ȥԷһţ
ŷЩ飬еô򵥡ӷôöԸģҲȥôˡҲ֪ǰʱҽҶϺ棬ôӷ滹û򣬾ͱˡ
ĿǰΪֹֻ̼֪ӷŵĻϰ壬֪ҲڳӷģǾͲһڵһҵֻ֮Ҫ΢һ£̼Ǯ㻹һ̨ҲԿģΪ̨̫С̨ܶ࣬ڵʵȻҲ̨֮ϡ
ŷɲ˵ˣȻѾӷƻŹϷ̨壬ǲ̼ңһҪʲôǿò̼Ҿ쵹̨أǾǲκֶΣòȫӷ磬ȫ򻪶
үҵĻŵ飬ͽҴɡ
㣿ŷȥྩûмӷ磿
˫һתŷ
ڲصԸŷǳ˽⣬ҲϲϼܲõλãҪǸλãҪõصľΡ
ǸԱ͸˳ӷ硣
˪һʵ㽻ӷģ
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ŷЦЦ˵Ҷһս˽⣬Ǽڿ͵ĳһıɾûǼڿͣС㣬Ҳͬʧܵġ
˵Ǽڿ͵ĳ֣ôܻʧܡ
ʧܵĵطǰ˳ӷߵˡӷϣǶѾˣԸҲӷ󣬵ȴǳߵˣһ˵˺ߵˣˣĺѿӷҲ᲻κδۣ֮ءȻˣ̫ߵˣǾһ㣡С㣬ɱˣӷǳҵļ̳֮⣬ͬʱԼҵļ̳ˡһžۣԼңȴһŵӢۣӷųҵѪüʱ˭飬úõʱ˭ãˣµġ
˪ʵ޻˵˵ŷ
үţȥӷ磬˽Ϊ˱סСͬʱҲӷ˵ү飬үѾûˣε£ǴСһΪ̼ңûϵ
˪ݺݵĵŷŭһΪ̼ûϵŷҵڲףΪʲô֮ܲλˡ

طһЦеķŭҲѾʧ
ܹ̳ҲĽһнˡ
˶٣ضԼŮ˵˪Ͳùˣܵܵĳ𣬽ŷ
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ӷ粻ὫСĪ˶ŲܣҪһˣŷһ÷ŵʱţյʱգرǺڿͣһûƺãΪ˱ţҲģûκˡ
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ӷ綼ѻ˵ˣżȻٶʡ
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450 ͼѽ
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رãδдֵѾһ֧ëʣһֽϿٵдš
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һֱӽ˷䣬֮ÿһ˵ķһ


451 ų
ʱ֣ӷһѾʡУУйĹŶ֮һͬʱйĵһ۶Ϊʲô˵ǵһ۶أֻҪй˶֪Ϊǧǰʼͳһ֮ǣΪع׶
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ʲôط˵ʡУľƵ궼Ҳһ·Ƿɻǻ𳵣ģˣ
һҷڣⷹ̾ҼǼľƵסȽһ׼֮ȥһ꣬ΪĻ겢ǬرԼɽϡ
㣬ٱԹһɣûõ㲱ϱԼǮۿӲҪġ
ι˵Сӣ㻹ûûСˣ˵㣬ŲһŰ߻ؾȥ
ãвŮ㡣
ܾһ˵һɣοɲġң֮ǰĸʱҲֻС°ˣС඼ܲ˵ĻȰǻŰɣΪǰ·һ󲻵Σ
ӷ˵ҡͷЩ٣С㣬ӦȥԼǰǲŻ֪ʲôļࡣ
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ĽųӷһģǸͨˣܸӷһ꣬ɵʱӷҲҪһڻ⿴ţⱻ˷֣Ľõѡ֮һһ͵ʱɡ
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453 ƴС㷢
ίǵİ칫ڡ
ǲ󣬿ίǵİ칫ȴСͬһС͵ĻҰ㣬ʮʮˡ
칫ڵװ겻һ㣬ԹŴʹΪ˽ɫɫ⣬ڷźܶ⣬Ļһһ֮İ칫ңεĽ̻Իͣһҵеļʲô
칫ĸˣ˸һŮˡ
Ů˰칫ǰΪϣɫŮװͽʮλɣеίˣһŮǡ
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ģǱǮһᰴոλķԸΪתλڹĻͷϣԲᱻ鵽ġ
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г˵Ľге飬Ͳ鷳ˣǻᴦõġУҲܵ˿ˣһĽгźһС

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ģѾͷҷ֡
ҳô󣬻û˸ҳѾͷѾͷһȫˣҲͲøǿʲôˡ
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ģѵһס𡣡
ƼһΨһŮˣס˭ס


454 
ſڣӷѾӵĽĵ绰Ȼͬӷ绹벻֮⣬ʲôµķԣӷҲȥֹˣ˵ʲôһ˶ţǱĸλүӹؽգҲһ˵¡
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ӷ⻰ðʵһ㶣侯Ҫ֪侯ɲ˭ܵģԼض޷˵͵ЩһﵽʲôѽôܵĶ侯һྩеĸгûѽ
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뵽ЩгĵӲ˵Ѱ·ܵ侯ô룬侯Ӧû֪ʲô°ɣһǵǹԵ˭
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ͻأ칫⣬һ˵ӷתһڰ칫⣬Ѿ˺üľˡ


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˷Ҫ㲻Ҫô嶯
仨߰ɣԼĻԼе

ӷһЦ˵еһ£һܳе𣿾ˣҲҪΪԼ鸺㲻𣬽Ů𣬱һȺĸ׻ϣ룬ӦǼȤ°ɡ
ʥѾǹķ˵磬ӷ˵ûǳ򵥣۶ˣǬصô죿ѵ㷸µĴ󣬻Ҫʰ̯𣿾֪ˣҲȽ֮ôộɾί˵㣬˵ûʸҪ
ϷˣҪݣȥݣû˿㡣˵
Уеǹһϵľ˵λģҽ鴦֮󣬻Ͼܾίеġ


458 ȫ
ҽԺ
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󵶷罫ŮˣҲǧֹΧûʹǧֹһûУû뵽ӷߣȻһ˿µĽɫǸĻ㣬޴ڣҲʹ˷ʤ
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460 ֮
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׼ɽϣǸǵĺ棬һҵ˻ڣǾͽȫɵ
õģϾͰţЩһһˡ


461 
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ʲôѵû֮УŮ߹ȥҲ˵ŮӦò书һᣬǵʱֻҪץסǸ书Ůˣ»ڵı֮֡
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ӷ粻ȥںǧֹԼʯ˵λҶΪƣûҪҿɣĶҲȫߣһһ룬㿴ô
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462 
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ӷ羲ɭ֮У廹飬û˿ĶҲǳȶ̬˵ǴڼȰ֮
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ӷ˫۳ΧľɨţܿģֻǾڵԼÿһ澵УһԼӷ粢û˶ţΪطѾʱˣ֮ڣӷһֱվԭأһҲûжǲ뵽ֻǶҲûãΪÿһ澵ӣԶƶģһһ㣬Ѿȫͷǻصԭ㡣
СӣȻҲ֪ôĵһأͨڶصĻͱҪԼɱ
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˶٣ӷ翴ѾǰߣЦлǰָ̣Ӧó֮ΪΡɣ

ߵδЦȴһ仰Ҳû˵ˣֱʧ˳ӷǰͬʱؿʯţ򿪡
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һж˵İͷ·磬ֻʣ³ӷһƵġ


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ৣৣৡ
˽˷ķ䣬⣬һʵ죬㵨͵ϮҼүʲô˼
ȷӻվڷǰŭʲôְҼүĲͷˡ
δ˸˵
˭ˣ
ৣৣৡ
ǰ˸˳˴֮⣬׷Ѿɣڶ˰ţԼٲ˵ĻһģԼ
˰񣬲ˡ
治СͿıûĿôˡ
캰ȫסֻ֣һᣬˡ
Ѿ׷׼Ҫֹһѷɵһ˹ȥ
˰񣬾Ȼ͵Ϯ浱Ҷˡ
ڴδһССĶ˵ʮˡ
ȫҶ֣ЩһʶһǶֶΡ
ģ˵ϻˣ·˵
ү˳Ƶ꣬Щ


471 ׼ս
Ƶ̨֮ϣֹԼڵ˰Ѿ
ôĿǰйڵĸİ񵥣ȫǸгģ㶫ϵʮôǿҲǵв˰ֵġ
Сʱ̨ѾˣȻǶϵ֣ʮھŵĸ֡
ȫס֣Ҫٴˡ
󺰵֪Լ˰ʵڶ֮ϣڶѾˣٴȥͻ᳹ʧǸʱԼҲ͸ҽ˳˵ԷݲὫҷǶԷһôûСټϻ޼Ǹߣȴû֪޼ʦ˭㣬ڶ޷鵽ɼ޼ǸʦأʵҲһǳǿ
үȥЩｻǾͿˡ
쵰Ȼɱˣ첻
֮ڣȡͷ
б¾ͷɡ
顣
˫һȭԣϵ֣ȫȥڵˣȴԭһҲ
죬ľȻҸһף죬ҾҪ
ҹУ޼ӰٷʵԱߡ
ӣ̫Σգڵļһ̫ǿ뿪ǵסǡ
ãȻˣͲߡ
޼ǰָŷŭշģô
ӣҪᣬһжи໥ƴɱ
Ļʲôˣѵһ᲻֪𡣷죬Ұģɱӷ磬ҶҲжεĻᣬҶ˵ĶԲԣ
ӣ㲻Ҫ嶯Ұѻ˵ꡣʵղŷʲô£ҵڲŷӦ˽ģȻ˫֮ᣬʹ˫㲻ŵĻһˡ
޼תͷһĸ֣ͼһǰ˵ӣղŵȷһҹµļһｫġ
޼ҲɵԼ˵ĻڿٵתţֶԷʵȻ֪˴иΪʲôֹ
ҲҪֹ˲ѽȫǾֻ֣ͨˣֹ֮ǰ̨֮ܵǰ˾Ѿ
쵰һƵǸŮ˸Ļ
һ˰ĸ˵Ǳ˸ģʵȴԼġǶһʸ˰ֱǽǵĵΡ
˵һ顣
ôҲ
㡭
ȫס֣ѵǻˣĲˡйڵľԸ֣һСѾͷŪˣǶˣʲôﳳ޼ŭ
ӣѾսˣһսô򣿡
һûȥˡһɣ֮֮
޼ҧҧ˵﹫ӣȻѾչˣǻʲôϽ֮ǰһҪɱˡ
ɲɵȥͷ˵ӣһΣҾİţôհˡ
޼᲻֪ʲôɵʱԼѾ֣޼ȥ𡣶ֱӹ޼֪ȥôԼүү
ܲ
׷ջɫе԰ס
ĸˡ
ɵ˵ͷʵԼû°ɣ
û£һСС˶ѡ
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š˰Ȼǿ󣬽ɢͿԽ˳ĸļƻûɳɹ˰û궫񣬻޼ʱϵڸһʼʱѾ֪ǸĹˡ
ûϵҵ֮С˼

ţѾܲˣΪҲƵ˵ͬʱҲԼصĻĻࡣ
֮ǰɾûȥ޼ڻ޼޷ȥǱʱֱӱྩˡɻ޼ô˵ߣǹߣҪ˸ԵʱҲ൱Σյģû
ĸǽǸô
پԸȥгԱȫҷɢҪۼһ𣬷򣬺ױ޼𡣡
ĸ˼˵޼ھҪˣ֩ʵ
Ȼġ޼̵֣ܻסҲֱɱǻɱһͨǸоĿ־壬ʹңǸʱŻ˵ء
پսó˵ǰЩսһսҪյĶࡣĸ֮˰ʣߴ֣ʤж٣
̾˿˵ӷܼʱϻĻʤɣӷϲ
Ļû˵ڣҲҪ˵Ϊÿһ˵ﶼиף˰ֵͬʱ˵֮⣬ûĻ·ɾҲҪսϣԲκһģΪپгԱǳӷ羫ѡ֡


472 ƶ
ྩһ޾ѪȣһβǶɱˣǱɱ
ڶ̶̵һСʱ֮ڣྩǵÿһֵϣǾǾȻΪֶرЩֳȫֹͣӪҵΪеֳ˸ˣǷŻ𣬾Ƿըһʱ䣬ྩǣһƬֻ֮С
ĸˣྩһĵ̸⣬Ѿ޼ˡֵûֵܵס޼񡣡
پսڶûг֣ǲȥֵһսɲá
ϸһ˶٣˶٣
ĸȷ㲻ҶֵȫǲģԻ޼ǿƽʱÿһ˶ǰ壬û˺ġҲˣǵˣһĵ¡Ҹսӵ绰ʮҾưɣʮ߼ɣãʮɼҶĳǱŻչ⣬Ǳըըģ޼ǻ쵰Ҳ̫ˣ
֮¡Ŀǰ˵ǣңûȥֵסģʱ䣬ӷãڶֵֻл޼Ǳǰ򣬲ôӣǵȲӷģ
ĸҲɡ˭֪޼ʲôʱɱѵǾԴ𣿡֩ʵ
ô˵һƣʹĶѾĵˣҪ޼ˣǼ̫ܡ
ȻҲ֩˵ô³ӷܼʱϻԼЩҲܿһȥѽ
Ըȥʱûҵ˭Ҳ¶档Ǳȱʵһǵ޼߽ˣǾӷܼʱϻԶҲ𲻵κεˡ
ǣϷԸȥ
ĸ˰ݷá
׸յһȻݷãǳԾɼȻ԰ݷ֮ǾͲǵˣ٣ǰ׷֮׵ĵˡ
ݷãⶼʲôʱˣ˭ݷã
ѿһۻƴţ˵ţȥ˭
ãȥ
ҸţһȥӦһ°ɣֵİջһ㡣
ͲȻƴţǬȥߣѾˡ
ʲôˣ
ɷۿȥģȻһŷѪŮ
ŷѪŮȻƶƶ⼸Ҳ֪ʲôӷ˶ģڣԻ޼ĽߵҲûʱȥˣû뵽ʱܵܲ󣬻ˡ
û´ĻӦþǳӷδޣɰɣ
ƶһֱӵɵݣɵȻ֪Ů˲򵥣Ϊ֪ǳӷδ޵˲٣֪޵ȴ࣡
ǺˣҶܲкιɣʵ
С㣬벻ҪᣬҲǵĵˣ෴Ҹӷ磬Ǻ飬֪Ƕѣӷֲڣصǵġ
ǣƾʲô㣿
Ҳòʲôŵ֤ݣȻǳӷ£Ҹӷ֮Э飬Ȼˡ
˵ҼˣϴθӷھƵǸŮˡ
Сļ治йֽƶҲྩѧѧҵıֽŷȡҮ䣬
һ䣬΢΢˶һǿҲĺɫâΧɵ
Ү䣬ֵʲôϵ
ҸҮļ壬Ҹӷ֮ǰҲѾ̸Ү֮£ҲѾӦˡҸ׻ӷ̸֮£ֻû뵽Ҹ׻û֮ǰͷô顣
˵ӷҪֵôܣΪʲôҪĺڰһʷ֯
Сѣӷ飬òҪܡȻҮС㶼Ѿѻ˵ˣˣǿУҲܵĿˡ
СȻŮкܡȻСˬ죬ҲͲϻˡȻҸ˻ûйȴһպöﱻ޼ǷҲܲѽ
ҮС˼ǣԸǵֵ޼죿
ǵȻġ֮ǰҲѾ˵ȻҸӷѾǺˣ飬ҶȻ᲻ܡ
ϻ˵л֮˵ҮС㣬ж
Ҹһйྩģаʮˡ
Űʮˣôѽƴţ˵
˵Ƿأǽپ
ڡ
ҸղŵķԸðˣ֪ͨˣȫۼ½ڣ޼ԡ
ĸ᲻̫Σˣ
ģҮСҮ޼죬һ˼ġ
Ǻãȥ졣
پ뿪˵ҮС㣬Ҿͻ춫ȥ涫˰ĸ֣鷳Үһͬǰȥɡ
ã͵ǵһεĲսɡҲܱ֤޼ŵļһ᲻ὫֵҲ˵ӵʱ䲻ܳϣڻ޼췢֮ǰӷܸϻɡ


473 ӷɱ
Թܶ˶ȴû˼ĵطֻǸ˵ˡ
ǣ죬Ҫʮĳӷ磬ڼʶ˵ԹңһԹܳӷôߣΧǽԹ֮У߲ȥԹ֮ǰӷѾͨصĿ飬ǻĳӷ磬ҪԵģһԹô򵥣Թ֮ڣźܶҰޣΪ͵Ұޣȫۼ
໡
һХӷֳһϦħе㷢ǰ󣬵ʮƥɫĲǣӷϣҲȾҰ޵ѪҰ޵ѪͶ˳ӷƤУʹĳӷ籾һ˿ҰϢ
湻ûУ湻˵Ļ͸ҹԾǷųЩʲô¡
ĻӷѾˣɶԷֻڳӷԹʱһӣ֮ǰصعһһ͵ߣϴźɫ£źڲӷ粻֪Щ˵ݣӿǵò
໡
ХٶȴԼԼӷ罫еһϦħһӣڵһĽۣܾӷԼ֪һ¶ԼѳԲˣʮʱʲôûԣʲôûȣɳӷսȴûһǿִȥЩӷ籾һоûС
һֻƤϻӳӷǰת䴦֣֮Ӵ󣬴Ŀǰκһֻϻϻǰɫģ治֪ôֻ᲻ǳԶɽʮǰŪġ
ȻˣûɷŹ㡣
һϦħֱָ׻ӷĽ΢΢һٶȲǺܿ죬ٶȣȴڳӷ羭֮أһŻӰ
׻Լ֮ʱӷٶͻȻ˳ģֻǳӷղµĻӰڻӰʧĻļӷʵ壬Ϊӷʵ壬Ѿ˰׻֮
׻Ӵ顱һѾ֪ǵڼֻǵڼʮֻ׻ˣİ׻ȥǽô䶯ˣֻϧô治ڵİ׻ȫ˳ӷĽ¡
һλѪһϦħ֮ϣӷ罫ý𣬿ѺɫϵĻѪ
ǰӷһԥĽѪĨȥˣҲֻߣͷѪԽˣ㣬ӷ綼ûȥһɢʹĽϵĻѪٵ˽һϦħ֮УѪħΪһ塣
ˣǵɱ˶Ұ𣿡
ϵ𣬳ӷѾܾˣһϦħһӣ˵Ҫ֪
Ҫ֪㲻ǵˣǸûȥ㣿
ʲôɱҰޣֻҵ谭ˣ谭ֱҪȥɱ˶𣿡
ӷһʣߴЦ˵˵Ŀ꣬ʲô
ӷ˫͸¶׹⣬˵ɱ㡣
ǾͶְɡ
߳˳ӷ󣬳ӷҲûһͣûתֻǵ壬ߵ˶ȥһϦħ߽
̫ˣġ
ʧġ
һ󻮳ʮ˵»ʮ˵»ͳһԲȦ߸Χ
̫ˣٿ㡣
ѽ
ӷһԹڲ֪ɢһǿҵҰϢҰϢУִ޾Ѫζ
顣
ڴ˿̣ӷ罫һϦħһ壬˫ֳȭ͵ĳ߳ȥ
飬飬顣
ʮȭԣֻһֻڵֵųӷĽɳӷ粢ûΪСԼϷ¶һľЦݣȭͷͬ񳱣֮ͬˣͣĹߡ

塭
ҵĻʱֽ߸ΧͲӷӰѾߵͷҵת壬һƳߵǴȥ
ľۻʾ
顭
´󾪣û뵽Ұްɱӷ绹ԷӳǿͲһ˽ʮ첻ԲҲ˯ˡ
һԣҲ˫ֳƣӷԡ
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˫ƲһǿĲɲʹΧΧǽȫ𵹣ĳ¶ȥ
Ϊ첻û뵽㻹ǰ쵽ˡʨĶӡܿϧΪϵҵûоѣԣ㻹ҵĶ֡
һ̤أԳӷǵصȻӲĽӷ˰֮ߡ
ӷһأվǰʮ֮еǹɷŭȻʧǰߣ̾û뵽ҵΪ޻꾳磬޷ֺǰǵǺηʥ
Сӣô̵ʱͨصĿ飬ҽΪ޻ǰѾܲˡʲôˣڻҪ֪ʱҲ˵ΪѾ۷徳磬ıҲѾѡڣ뿪ˡ
뿪
ûѾͨҪп飬뿪ˡҪ㡣˵޻꾳֮ǰֻĿʼˣ޻꾳磬Сǣ޻֮󣬻ӵļѣû˰㣬ֻܿԼ
ȻˣҾȲˣҵΪһ׶β뿪ͬʱҲԸλжôǿֶЩʲôˣ
أˣҪ뿪㲻뿪ǣҲ뿪ˡ
̾˿ֵʮǰĵһʮĵڶСӣȥүүǷģѾˣǳңǵзѡ
һóӷĻ֮ǰصȫǰȻͬʱʧڳӷǰ
λǰѻ˵ʲôǷүүѾˣǵʲôˣ
˶ѾˣҲش𣬳ӷڸоеʧ䡣
ǵзѣǿĵˣүүѽүүҵӣʵ̫ˣ
ྩһƬڰıȴ޾ɱ
޼ĶڳԱЦѾͷȻҰǣھҪ㸶ۡ
޼Ҫͱϻְɡ
˵俴һ۷죬һӿʼڶû˿ĶӣԼ޼ܾˣ
ƶǰ˵޼죬ѵҮ𣿡
Ү塣Ҹ㣬ййĺڵֲֵһ֡첻˭ߣ
飬飬顣
ҹͻȻӿܲ׵磬š
ɻǻ޼˶ͬһʱ̧ͷҹգƴţǬе㷢ëͬʱ߳
ʵôͻȻǿҵ仯
ڷߵ˵үⲻ仯ɱ
ɱ
ûɱ죬ӣĵˣѾˡ
ܣϱү뿪ɱ̫ǿģ˵ү
ǡ
ãǳӷϻˣҲҪۿ
ү
ضԡ
޼˫ų˼ߵһ˵ûмǿҵɱ
ӣҵȻûңɳɱУ񻹴һ޾ҰϢ
˵ʲô
˵ɢɱ֮ˣѾˣ䲻ܱ֤һôĽ׶ΣƣҲɱ񣡡


474 ɱ޼1
½ֿȺܼĶԻ޼ˣ˶֮ƣȴ˿Ĵ⣬ǿĵˣйڵϷħһ˰ָ֣ĳԱȫǳţû֮ǰ˭پս׵ĳǰȥ
˴͵ĻƴУûȥź£û˰һսеһЩϸ⣬Ȼͻ˾֮⣬ڸһӵϢҲ֪ͨྩ·ֳЩԱ˵ĹΣԼϽĵط˴¼ǵɴñҲͱסˡ
ӵľͬһʱϵ½ֿڣһ³̽Χļֵ͵ҲѾλѶ컹л޼ذΧ
ǰţྩȰ̷Ͷ
ЩĸԿ·ƵģҲûһ͵ĺڵƴ˫Ѿˣܾʹ˰֣رǻ޼ʧ֣޷ȥԣҪˣֻԼֲֵ
ĸȫϵˣô죿
پվʵ
ʱ򣬾Ѿ𲻵κεˡǻڵģִ͵Ļƴ֮ĻͶҶҲڻȥˡ
ڻڵ˵һעصȻԼ棬ڶӣν壬ںܶǰѾ˵λڵĺڵϣҲûΪַԼˡ
ĳǸô
ùǣֲɵϣôˣץǣҲܻʱģѵһȫǹвɣӰ̫ྩˣΡ
˵ûȻڵĺڵƴһǹץˣǾͱض˾޷ԤˣŲǾǾӣɵģҲԸȥڹ
ҹе׵ԽԽ죬޼ѾȵĲͷˣҽˣ˾ɱɱĻ찵ء
ǣӡ
ϰ֣ȫ޼ǰһߣÿһ˵ڶɢǿߣȫǸ֣Ҫͨˣ˵һǳ򵥵顣
޼Ҫˣһ֣Ҳûصˣעһ޾ɱ¾ɲ޼һȥƴҪƴҲԼȥӲڡ
үǸôʵ
ȣǴܾˣ֮
ӷĸϻ鷳ˡ
ӷôҾͲţƾһ֮Եֵס˰֣ܣӷ޼ǹضˣ䲻˰񣬿Ҳҹڵ쵱
֪ϲȥˣۿ޼Ҫ֣ԼվⲻĻǾ͵ϵ⣬׸
ƴһѣܻϣƴ͵
ڵҶӦ磬ͲŻԸһ޼졣پҳ壬һٸһҾͲţͷۡ
پͬսȫվ˶֮ǰ
پ󺰵˸ˣ֮ˣ˭ܿһҸһ˭ɱһˣұһֵܣҳ塣
ССɫҲһ
޼𣬷˰֮УһѴƾճ֣ǰپһָеɱ
飬飬顣
һ׵ȫҹƫƵپ޼˵мλá
漴ͼҹһ£գ֮䣬پ޼˵мλã˸һ۵⡣
°ܽݵò񡣡
⽥ĵȥپ˵ǰһģһϤıӰһԼҲûҪҲûȥںˣΪˣǶĽߣͬʱҲǶгԱľ䣬Ϊͷӷ硣
ӷһһǵصɱྩǣ½ֿΧ·ƶһһģе·ȫֹͣʹΧԵļΪĺڰ
ص˿ӷļʱع飬٣Լδڳӷ粻ڵʱ򣬽ʱӵڣƾһ㣬ɾ͸еǳˡ
ɣˡͽҰɡ
ӷתͷɸЦЦתͷ޼ʱǱ飬Ҫֲжֲ
ӷ磬ͷڹڳˡ
޼Ӱн˵
ڹꣿ޼Ҹ֮䣬˭ڹꡣɽ֮ս˭֮ززģ
ٷϻʱǵʱڡӷ磬ΪӵһɱͿšҿ㣬ҴҶиȡ
Ŷ𣿿Ϊʲôֻ˸ŷߵǾλӦþڵ˰˰ɣҳӷѽΪڸҾȻʦڣΪ˵ģҲʧֶѽ
ӷ磬ٷϻ첻
˵û죬ҾҪ޼ҪǶңӴ˾Ϊе³
㻹ûǸ¡񣬸ϣɱ˳ӷ硣
ǣӡ
ӤţǬɽ˵ס񣬴ȡ޼ͷ


475 ɱ޼2
ǬȴųӷɽϵԽǣӷҲûиǶͣ׼ֱֱྩ
ڵԽ켸λԪ׸үǶ֪ྩ飬һ֪ˣټϳӷæŸϻྩԽһ飬£ܸӷйء
ȻӷȻ뵽Լĸ׸⹫ỳԼΣɸǰԼӦʱΣգӷ粻˽±ĸ׸⹫ֶ֮£Ͷǲܡ
˵ӷҪɵɱ¾أɱⲢӷǣСԭҲΪһҪı䣬ԼԺôôĵˣԼֻôı仯ڱ֮˵ģӷԶıġ

޼ųӷ磬ͲȥܷʲôҲ֪ʲô˵ƾЩҲס񣬼ֱǰΡ
޼˵ϻס˲֪
ƴţһ˫ȭͷǬ϶ϣֱӳǰ˸ϵĸ֡ͬʱɸѣɽˣҲü˹ȥ
ǼùӣЩСɫһԡ
޼˵ҲҪǱϸȥɱ˳ӷ硣
ӣɱСӲһʱ֮ǱɣɱҲܽɱ֮
ʲô˼
ӣˣӷ˭Ķӡϴε飬ǷĹ֮ɱӷ磬ɵ󣬵ùģȴҶڵԣһΣǲܸϴһˣڵεڡ
˵һҲû˵ǶڵǷȫ磬ûķס۵ɱ
޼ʧȥǣྩҪɱӷ磬ܸĴۣҪӷ֮ء
ҹܲô࣬ǲ֣
ӣɴ⡣
񣬽Ӽʶһ£ǵ˵ǰǿ֮
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˭˵ҪǵȭͷӲӲˡ
ţ֣ܶԳȥ
Ǭļһҡ
ʲôȥ˵һжӲסţһǱҪͬʱ֣л赲סǣһϵĻǸûʲô𡣡
ѽƴţס˿̣ɻվ˻ǵǰ档
λһ֣еӷ罫ⶫ
Ǳһ˵һоͿԽȫ㶨αҪ˷ʱ䡣
治СС㵹뿴ôһнǸ㶨ġ
ͷͻȻ֣һ乭һʮżͬʱ˸ղ˵ˡ
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˽һ˦֣ļȫ˻ȥ
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ү˵ʲô
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ǡ
ÿǣ뿪ྩܾ߲ˣ


476 ̧׻ض
޼ӷɱնν޻꾳һͷӻ޼ĲϷָ˿ȫʵ壬ĵ˴ϣλΪйһеٮٮߣ˫֮һĻӣĸ³
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ۿŻ޼ɱȴֹڣҪΪ޼𣬷˵ྩ֮вʧ֣ԼҹҲǰˣ޷ȥ
ס֣ǧҪ
Ϊ׵һƫݵˣһסҪΪ޼ˣ˵ѵû˰˶Ҳ˵첻ɱӷ磬˵˰㹻ɱӷʵӷ米̫󣬴ڶסοǶң
ѵùӰ𣿡
ܣ𣬵ȴڡ
ֶǻķŭҲΪ׵ĸ˵ɱӷףһӷһжҪᣬ㣬Ҳͻ޼Ǹɵûȥ룬ԣ޼ҲͰˡ

ӷһЦ˵Ҹʮӵʱ䣬ྩ֮ǰ򣬾ͱˡ
磬ܷߣرǷǻ쵰
ƴţҪȥ׷ɱ죬ں֮ǰƴţͿ첻ˬˣɳӷȴֹס˻ƴţ˵׷ˣ׷ȥ
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ү鷢̫ͻȻǸͷʤƣʹ˰ɱˣ֮ӷֳûʱ˽Χԣԡ
죬ȫұ졣ӲģԲᡣЩûõĶǲйڵһһĸ𣬲Ҷôһӷ綼Ըˣҵ
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εӦùˣʵڲ뽫ԼɽƣԼ񣬲κһ˵ˣԼңˣ


477 ˭ҹӶྩ1
ӷ粻ڵ⼸죬һֱһλΪģҲ˴Σһߣųྩﵽתྩⶼһ顣
磬ųһұȽͨķ꣬ûνĸߵΣеģֻǼҳȴǳãȫҪǰСʱλӣͲʱҵĵط
磬⼸ܵʲôطȥѽΪʲôһ˶ûУ
ӷ뿪ྩǰʱֻǴһ绰˵ԼеҪһˣŻڶѾȥʮˣӷȻһϢûУʼ
ӷӦǵȥ˰ɣྩ¶Ժ֮⣬Ҳֻоǲˡ
ѽȥǣӦôһȥŶѽ۵ʱ˵ģҪҼĸףһ뵽Ϻȥתתء
ۡ
һڲ˳˿ΧûĻ
⻰ɲ˵Ϻǹ쵼˰칫ĵطô˵ȥȥѽ
ʲô粻ĶȥӦûʲôġ
˵ɾҲܽԼĶӴϺѽӷҵ֮·ֲһˣ
磬ѵҲ統𣿡
һôõļͥ˵ʵ·̫ϧˣ
˵ҵΪҰҲǸȦ˼ʮ꣬ԴҵǸҺ󣬾ʹûҰְĹ쵣Ǹӹʵ̫ˣԣһϣ߱·θ£һһӵģ
ӷ飬Լɡ㣬Ժʲô
磬ģҵҵĸףѾˣҲ֪ǵʲôˣΪʲôҪոճҡҵϵ⣬Ҵû
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ʲôѽ̫˰ɣ
ǻǻط԰ɣǴȥˡ
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ҡ
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٣ӣ֪Ǳ˴ˣԬܵ˵
ɣϵԬТྩ˭Ұѽ
һŻ˵٣Ҳ֪ԷͷֻǽȥԷ˵̸⣬û£Ǯ׬Ȼȥˡû뵽Ǹһ꣬ԷǣǾ͸ͱˡ
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Ż˵Сӻ˵ˣǾྩĹӸģ˵ĶĳǹȥԣǾٳǳڶˡ
̵ģȻܵྩ鷳ྩӵԬܣŻǸټϾ͹ȥĸ۵Ļ쵰⣬ǧҰֻǵĸĸ֪ȻҪ˵ˡ
ףȥˣϾͷ֪ߵغСӡ


478 ˭ҹӶྩ2
йڵأܴںϷĶĳҲǾԲܴڵģеģǵ¶ĳĳ֮ˣȻǺڵϵ
ྩźܶҶĳЩĳȫڶУһңͽڳĳҵĵңҲĿǳ֮Ϊ¶ĳǣྩˣΧеĶĿͣϲܵ¶ĳֻҪһ£ǾǼ켸ҹ£ͲΪ˼ѣӮ˼Ѿ˵ģΪڶĿ˵ˣӮӮ˾Ӯĸ̰࣬ᣬǶĿ͵ˣĳˣϲģӭģ̰Ŀˡ
ĵ¶ĳе㲻ͬеĶĿûзɢÿһŶǰȫۼͬһţҲһŶΧżƴǵĲʶ
ǰɣ㸸ྩίûɣ
һƵһŵЦݣмһ֧·̣ǰϣϰĳ롣
ٿڵ˶˵ϣ˫ַŭֽĿõƣҧشôƣ
õƷѾĵһˣһǮʮǮȫ˶ңͬһˡ
ⲻܣǲÿѶġɹ٣ҼһСӣһǧˡ
ߵԬܴ󺰵
λԬӰɣղ㡣ԬӣҪ֪ҳԣ⻰ɲ˵û֤ݾ˵ҳǧྩνӸ䲻ĻҲ⽫ӮǮȫǡ˾ˣĻĿͷλŹӣӦóԹ˰ɡ
Աߣߵŵǰ˵λֵܣ˼ǵĻҲǺ֡˶ˣһʼӮڣûһѣڳţϻ˺õˣԣҪһ£㵽ûгǧ
ǶĳĹأֻҪǶĹǮ˶֪ǮǰѰӮģôãϵӮʮʮѣһһӮϰٰѽ⡣
ңƾʲô
еһ˵ֵܣǶĳĹأһ㣬ǾͿ˵Ϊǧ飬Ǽ飬ǺҪԸˡ
겻ɵһЦ˵ǶĳӣǻڵȻ붫ΪˡΪôɡ
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Ԭ˵ӣҪѽҪҲҪȽӸӮ
ϻӮѵӮ𣡵С̫ģʵڶĲֵĻŻݣСӦöӣЩˣҲδĶ֡
Ҷ˹æ
ɵɣˣҶǵЦɡУһҪ취Ӯ
ӣһ㶼Ӯ˭Ǹѽ
һֻǲ֪벻Ķˣ
Żʵӣ˵ĸòλɣ
ţԬܣȥﶢš
ȥ룬Ҷʶѽ
㲻ʶûϵϵʶϵһȥģ˭֪˭ԬҸеԨԴˣȥӦûæġ
Ԭһ£ֱʵʲȥ
Ǻãھȥ롭ιСӣֱܣҵţϾ˹ʰǡ
ЦȥٻأɫɲˡǾš
ȼһ֧̣ҲĲȥˣռһӣȻҲҪĸ˵˵ûʲôģԬܽ˹ӮСӣҪÿ
ɲ㣬˹ǶԺɹ˵ĸ˳ģһѣĵľ¶ĳǡ
ʲôСֵܣ㲻ڿЦɣĳ˭ģ
Ȼ֪ղҲѾ˵ˡŶҲΪĲҶʲôñ˵лɡȻǲҶĵĻҲν
ôĿҵᣬ㵽˭ҹӣȻܵྩҰҶĳ˵ŵĻ
ſڴŮ˵ţ֩룬δؽ֩롣


479 ˭ҹӶྩ3
֩һĳĹԱпӵСܣȫ˳վ֩λߡ
ٽ֩ϴĲǺܶ࣬֩ʱͳԽˣҲ˵ķǳ٣Ƕһ֮ȴǰСʱһĺ㣬ϵŮɫװʾ֩ǹɶսǡ
ЩӸûм֩룬Ӳ֪֩ʲôˣҲɵӣĳȫͿվ֩ߣȻĵŮˣһǶеҪҲͲҷˡ
ǮֻΪѰһϵĴ̼ڳԣྩĻҿԱأ㲻ʲô³ġ
ͬǣ֩Ѿλϣŵԡ
үһ֩룬Ů˳Ȼֻһ㣬ȴʮŮζŮˣҲÿһ˶õĶ
֩ϵǣҲκ˶ʸӵеġ
ʲôˣ
νʵ֩˵ķɣҲͷСҲܵྩȽྩĹӸˡ
֩ϵһ룬ҲʣΨһһ룬˵֩롣
֩룿˼ûˣ֩룬õû˵ɣ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣ֪֪Լʲô
ҵȻ֪ˡ֮ǰĸ˶һѵģɼȻս֮һˣҲûҪĸ˶ˣֱӸģ̼Ķࡣ
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үЦһڣ룬Ӧ㹻˰ɡ
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תת˵һĵģҶĳˡ
ǸҪʲô
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Сӣ
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ӷסı֮⣬ԬѾ˺һˣţҲڸոմ򿪣ŵģǳ
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ԬҲĸ˵ӷǳ۸ԽĶԣûֵܽãǰŮ˵ӷ磬Ҳ˵ǳӷãǱˣݸλҲǴľˣ
ԬТĶӣרݷóӵģСͨһ
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Ԭǵһμӷ磬еĳӣǰλżĳ롣Ϊλ̫үһĿһУһƵǰͲôһ¡
ԬТĶӣӷߵԬǰʵ
ǵģӡ
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Ԭܻ治֪ôڣԼͷɴѵ˵Լ˴ˣֶĲˣԲӷæ
ӣҡ
ǸǳµĺӣѾһϸһԬܺ˵ˣҽڷ㡣

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ӷЦҴˡǴСƣҵǻһ㣬ĳִĲʺҡ
ӷ˵ĴĲĴֻûκεˣҪ˵ĶĲǸӷζûȡ
ԬʵͲ̫ϣҲ֪Գӷ˵ҪԼˣҲ΢΢ġ
Ȼˣǽųˣȸǡ
Ԭܸ֣ӷֻ
˵绰֮󣬳ӷԸ߳ŵԬʵ˵ڵ¶ĳǣ
Ԭͣ½Ųشǵġ
һ°ɣһ·ǡ
һӷԸæԬܸ˻ˣ̴Ӧ
Ӻ󣬳ӷųӱ˳ԬҲѾȵĺˣͬʱһɫӱȺ⿪ͣ˳ӷſڡ
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ףһԼʶڳԳӷĳƺı䡣
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ˣСѣûҪʦڵġ
پ֩룿֣ԬôôѽɾǶ죬ԬҲɵʣ


480 ˭ҹӶྩ4
˵ֻǶѣѵʱ䣬ȴ̣Ϊ֮Ķע˭Ҵ⣬֩ˣҪô˵潫·ȫѹ⣬ˣһڵԲ˭õʱǳСġ
ȻԶڻ˵֩ˣҲȫضԼԽֱӸɵ֩Ļͻܶл֩뽫ڶеĹҲǲ
ĿǰΪֹѶӮѾһˣһĵʮ㣬֩һ֮꣬Ҳ˵֩ףҪˣҲѾˡ
ֻ֩һɫĳ֮ڣɾһˣһѣ֩䡣
֩ѶĵҡӣȻһҽӮˣһζӮ˵ɡ
֩һѣȴֵķǳ侲ΪһѵӮ˷硣
ȴСǴ󣬾СǾͱСɣ˭ĵС˭Ӯ
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֩ͣһģȸӷɳӷǲǼȴһ֩ߣ˵֩룬ѣҰġ
ȻǸӷһģ˵ҪԼģҲˣӷѾ֪飬֩ҲͲöʲôˣ
ãҸղѾһѣһҪԼӮ
֩룬˵ҿܲ㣬˵ģҾмңѰɡ
ʲôݳСС͹ֲǮµӣԺζģȻȫĳҲϲȥĵط֮һ
ӷһ仰Ҳû˵ûΧȺ֮ڣһһλ
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پ˵źڵ̨ڵͬģֻڰڰ̨壬ֻһ
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˵ףȥμңǸŮ˸˾̫ƽˡ
ӷ˵ף㶯ӺòãһŮˣƾʲôȥưźڵܵõμңźڵ𡣺ԣǸŮ˵Űڰİѱһ£ҹƣŵڰҲҪù
ǻʲôѱúڵϲ˶ηأ֩ʵ
ڰ군İѱ˵ðڰͷ군İѱҲǷ֤ݡ뷽һֱ۸ŵĺڵҲ취ǲЩûõ˫ķ֤ݣһõˣ뷽ͻ̶֣ԣۺڵźڵϣµģ룬ǲκεҪ֤䵽򣬾·һ
˵ĻȽ鷳ǸŮ˲ܽĶѽĻǰźڵֻᱣҲֻȴӰźڵˡ
ڸôپʵ
ۺ˹岻죬Ҳ岻ˡپ㣬ʲôǿ̵ʱڣźڵμǸŮ˵ģ
׽ӻǼѽȥĳŸըˡ
һ˫˫۾ȫף׵ͷû˵
پ˵ûҪԺڵķʽȥļһַĺѾùˣȻǶȺ˴ʮûҪôۡȻǶĳǾԶĵķʽȥơţֻҪһҹ֮䣬İжĳʧصĻһսҲĻ
ӷĵ˵ͷ˵پѧŵ㣬֪ɱɱģɱʱɱٵһٸȥҲõˣ׷Ҹɱ֯ĥһ־
𣡾ѽҿɹֺڰϲƵأҪȥҸŮɣĸƴС㶼ڣһܼįɣ
һȥõĲѧһ㵹ѧͦȫ
ٺ٣Ǹٺ١ұ죬Ҳ˵һӮЩĳƲ


485 ʮڶע
ϾĳȫĶĳҲǺμΪ׬ǮĶĳǰӴľԴ֮ء
ڰţڰţֻҪӵŰŵĻڣǸʳǣʲô鶼רõͱҲһӣΪʲôΪڰϾĳźμң
پ˲ûиӷͬϾǷֿ˺üҶĳΪӷĿģǾ쾪μǸŮˣڰ˫£죬Чʵķ
ϾĳǳҲһңɳӷģȴΪǼҡ
֮ʱνĽ̻ԻͣѾչ˳ӷǰóӷ뵽˺ܶ飬ڵصĶҵǺϷĻԼһһȵκĶҵ
ǣ룬ӷ֪ǾԲܵġ
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ӷҲû˵һϻֱӸС˶һĹ̨ǰҪŶӣкܶĿڵȺţģο͡
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ڶһ̨żʮԱÿһ˶æµš
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Ŷѽ֧Ʊɡ
˵꣬ӷóһ֧Ʊд˼ʣȻ֧Ʊ˺һС㡣
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ӷͷǺðɣҲǵһ鷳ǵĹԱȴתתɡ˵Ĳôãʱ䣬ҽù
ģǲ֧ƱûĻǻ̽һĳ͵ǰġңͷĿˣǻرķ񣬾Ƶ͵רȫ׼ãλŮ壬ʱΪ񡣡
ѹôϾĳĹȲ˵ģŮʮСʱźѾˣ
ϾĳĹһңĹԱҲæµţΪֻҪһǧĿˣĹ
֧Ʊһŵǳӷ翪֧Ʊ棬ҲѾϵͳ˳ӷ֧Ʊ
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486 1
źɫףڴɫٸԼʮŮˣӷϢٸģˣ˵һˮӣӷǳںŵģȫǳ룬Ͼĳרõĳ룬Щ벻ϾĳʹãԷֻҪڰžڣԵǮá
ʵڲ˼õˡ
ٸվڳӷǰһЦݣӣҲӦϾĳĹԱ֮һ
ӷɲܵĳ͵ģȻҪЩ˿˵ǵķ̬ȣҪǵıˡ
һ־óʮĿˣ˵ϾĳĹԱźκʱҵˣٸȻǽܵĵͷģǶĳһʧġλСǶĳΪרṩķֻҪڰţǾͻһʮСʱźڰһеѣȫǶĳˡ
Ͼĳ˵ֻҪͷĿˣǲȥ˽仹ӮҪȵſ˵θڣ½ԼˣҲҪڰŵп£ȴſ˵´ε˵һ㶼õĻŲʲôͷͣҲϾĳĳɹ֮һɡ
ӷ˵һ˶ǮʵڼįҰɡ
˵䣬ӷ᲻֪ϾĳЩãעЩŮڿѼϣ˵ĵϸ
ҾͲˣλС㶼רҵʿĳ淨Ƕһһܵġ
ٸ˵껹һƸӷ磬ɳӷȴûпһֱۣԱһٸţǰ꣬һųĹӸ磬ҲֻĿ˵ĹӸ磬˴ֱʡ
ٸ뿪˲û뿪һʵųעǽȴһ֣
ȳӷ˵޵Ůеһ˵ȴһְɣҲλ
ʹ𣿡
ӷɫһ䣬һ˫۾˵Ůˡ
˵ŮɫȹһĺڻױǾŮҪӲױǼŮŮ˾Ρ
Բңҡ
סҶǮ㣬ҵ淨Ҫκ˵
˵İԵҲŮ˵һμġǰֻҪǸˣԼŮ˵ˣֺöأǺŹӸ磬Ҳӷ㡣
ԲҸղֻ
ˡǽȫҡɫӵĶȥɣסϲ֣ȴֻһ棬Ӧҵ˼ɡ
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˼ɡ
ĻұҪȸ˵һĹء
Ŷйأ˵˵
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Ŀǰֻóʮĳ룬Ӧù˰ɣ
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ɫӵĶϣɹѾ׼һУһϾͳӷɹ˶Զģĳ棬ȻкܶΧۣĳĶĿͣȫע˳ӷߡ
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Ŷããҡ
ɹͷ΢΢̧ͷһϷһ
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ӷЦһ˵νѾͲɡϣǶĳҪ̫ʧΪϷûʼ


487 2
˻ǰˣ̨ˣһͬ㣬Ǿţˮ˵ҪȿѧʹĶ࣬ǿĳģˮǷǳҪ
μȻǰһĵطҲǰŷˮ֮ء
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˲һѶͷϵĴ󺹣ûȥҡɫˣ£ֲòҡΪеĶĿͣѾź
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488 ˶಻һ
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˵ǧ֮۵Ļֻܸ㣬ץҳǧ֤ݣϡ
ʦ欻ǵһμӷĶĿͣǱˣԼû˵ԷǧǰǾԲԼ˵ģǰ⿡꣬Ȼû˿Ĺ˼
СֵܲҪᣬҲû˵ǧ˼˱ȽϲύѣҵĶĳǾʦ欵ѡ
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һһŮ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ʦ欵ߣʦ欸Ȼûһֵģ


489 
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ʮKܲڣ밲ּʤڰİʲô飬ڰͷĬ֮һСܴ˽󺰴еýǷĸӷŭ
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ӤҰĵʦ欵Ĳϣʦ֪ӷͷСȻڳӷԸԱţҲ֪ǺηʥܵԼĵ̵ҡ
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ʵڱǸǰţǵĵ̣㶫ڴҰ
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±˵ʦ欣ѻ˵ôںμҾĲ߻ô꣬ںò׵õӵеһУѵΪһʱôŬں𣡡
ȷʦ䲻ǸЩҲȷ˿ͷȲ˵μҵ׶ôȡμңμһŵЩƻûи꣬ǲ߻ġ
˵˵ô죿
Ц㲻ǺбѵֵܶԸˣ
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Ҳʲô֮죬ֵһҲܳڶĳ򣬺Ӧú
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Ҳ˵ζĵǺֵôӣǶúμҵ飬Ⱦָš
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ӷЦ˵Ӯ𣿡
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šúϢ죬ǵϺܹҲס̬ãǵδкܴİ
ںֵ뿪ʵǲףҲѽ
֩˵ѽֵܵĶ˵ҪӮǸŮˣ÷ʲôΪʲôҪأ
ܼ򵥣ҪģһİţǱսѪȾİšֵӮˣʦ欱ضṷǽƿصĶ˵ŵڰҲһģűضһƬңһңڵϵأĳҲܵӰ죬Ҫܳһʱָܻ
پ˵ˣҪģһֳɵİţǰôģԺôǻˣҲ˿ĸı䡣ֱʮKǻҪ˹ذţϣͻ䶯Ƕ²һ䣬ҪܳһʱȥӦҲױɲȹ
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СѣסһҲһʱˡʱĹ۲죬˷ӷ翴ҵ֮⣬Ͳôġôˣôܵȥˣ
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493 ·ͻ
ŵϳ˶ĳ֮⣬ֵĵطҹУӷסϾƵ꣬պþܿҹе龰
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ƹõĳУҹУʱʱɼɫĹߣһҹ֮С
˿̣һֱңԶҹзӷһۿȥΪԼۻˣΪֱԼҵġ
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˵ҪԭⲻİţѾ̫ˡţһСĴսźڵϹ㶫࣬Ҳռκεıˡ
ֱƿ׸֩룬ûţɼһַʲô顣
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鷳𣿡
Ѿ֪ˣ֩˵
ţɾΪ¸ϹģҶ
Ц̫ˣĵϣҲ赣ˡ
ף⻰ʲô˼˰źڵϵĹ㶫ѵɼ𣿡ʵԼ֪ģҲǻѸ鱨ģûж롣
ĸȻ֪ļ룬ò᲻֪ۺˣҲѾźڵͽ⣬϶Ըǰɣ
ʲôۺҲˣ
֩˵ǵģۺ˲Ѿ룬һѾǰˣǿԴġ
ɿųӷ磬ʵǽô
ԣǿΪǰġϴ۵ʱҷĶӣʱ֪ҵݣֻǽҶͷϡڣҶţźڵ㶫ϣǿȻŹᣬҲ˰Ÿ㶫˫һԸҶ
˿׷ɱ롣
׷ӣӷʵ㿪ɱ䣿
ɱУЩһҩƵģһپô˵Ƕ˵ʲôҪźڵκ̤룬ԣֻɱˡ
ɱ˶٣
һ֮ǰɱʮ˸پ棬Ѿɱٶʮ˰ɡ
ȥֹپɱȥֻźڵķŭֱƻҵļƻ
̫ˡ
ʲô˼
ʮKѾƵȫΧپھĴڡƵڵпˣڱȥǱвڷ䲻ţʮKҪģ֮ǰǸϾɱڶĳ
˿ֵ̣ҲѾ˷䣬¸Ҫ˵ӷ˵˵ˣҶѾ֪ˡ
ڴѾɱˣǸô죿
侲㣬ôСʱͼԺôɴ¡
˵ڱ˰ΧֵĻǾǶǣҲԳڶĳѽ
ߺߣû뵽ѽʦǾȻһסǧǣһʧҰǿ̫ˣ
ӷ磬ɴͱôˣֱӽźڵ˰ɡ
ӷһᣬ˵ȲҪô¾黹ûչҪֱźڵʱ򡣡
ʲô÷
ɣȿǵˣҲһסǧҪҿɲΪһţԼءھȥݷһеһ֣Թƺڵַһðɡ


494 ݷܶ
賿㣬ľֻĸСʱҲ˵ʦһ뾡һа취ĸСʱڣǵϰ
ڣپ˶ǸӷĽɫֵ˳ӷľۻʾܱĹЩͨˣ˲ǷֺӷҲپǶ֣һ˫ҪϾƵжţڼ䣬ŷҲһССΪһɫĻǵǲηġ
ӷ뿪ϾƵ֪꣬ʮKǵûһֵġ
ֳưرͬߣʹİһ٣ΪܶŵһС
ССİţҪܶסĵطһ£ӷżƳ̳һǰⶰûкμô󣬿ҲС˶١
۵ĸ۶һס˺ıڵأĸԱһôıƸһҪԺȥȿˡ
ӷ̾˿ʮ겻߾ͲһסôķӾסôķӣ뷽֪Щһб˽ңΪ˴룬Ҳġ
ӷߵ˱ĴԱߣ壬Ϊ̫Ĺϵ˺ܾãӦңԱߣһС͵ʾʾԿˡ
һģ˭
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Ů˵ĿǲòһĿ̬֮Сͨģ仯ױܿĳԵĺȦŮɾҹ˵ģžζӦǸմҹͨ
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𡣿үүΪܶɲʲô¶ԳġСӣҿɣһ죬ҵСܣҾʹȥүү㿴ô
죿СܣӷúЦСѾͷＸѽ浱һܶŮ˲ˣΪܾ콫̴ܶǰϾƵ꣬ʦ˸ӷͷϲòӦΪƯС£ҵҡ
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ẹ̈ҵˣͲùˡүүûУ
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ܼ˵Ӧ˰ɡС㣬ֺһϵľưɣ׼˽Ⱥһɡ
ܼһ治ҲϰԵΪŮ׼
Ů˵¥һŮ˵治֪ʲô֮㻹ʲôǹҵ
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ž
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ұ죬ûļʸҰֵŮҰѾϳˣүүĺãǹûϵˡ
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ûʸ˵ңҵ飬ܡ
ѾͷԽԽûûСˡ
ǹݵĸףйѰҲܶĶӡ
Ѱǰ˵ע⵽˳ӷ硣
Ҹˣ
˵һ㣬ʲôҸ㣬Ϊµ˶𡣡
㡭
ˣֻǸʶĹС㣬ǰΪܶġ
Ұ֡СӣҴط˰ɣϸҳȥ
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ҰͼǼҲӭˡƥȥ
ƥһЦӷǰһִ˳ӷļϣ˵Сӣû𣿡
ȰòҪצӴҵļϣȻڵġ
ĸҡ
㣬Ѿܿˡ

ž
ƥղŴһӷ磬ȴ룬Լϣһӡ
СӾȻҴң
ƥŭһֱӾͳӷ˹ȥ
ӷ΢΢ԱһɽһַһֱӾͽƥڵأһƣ˹ƥһڹǣ
֣ʹѽңҵĹͷˣ
СӣҴҶӡˣˡ
棬ü˽Щȫܶڣӷ֮ǰҲѾˣȴûнЩ˷
ݶеɵۣǴ˸ʲô˽ѽҲ̫˰ɣԼ
ΪʱĹϵϾƵǱپǻӦţӷɲ뵢ʱ䣬ⷢʲô޷Ƶ顣
һŲڹƥϣӷһ䣬ԹѰŭϸҽйԪ˵ԼҪ


495 Ů
һģͲܰ𡣼ҲңЩ
¥ϣһϲϵ𣬽ʮĹԪ죬Ҳǰŵܶӣӷ˳
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¥ŭôĵӣҵӶҴϷſӡ
̣ңҵĹͷˣʹѽоȻ
ҵıӣһ£һŹ˺֮˵ġ
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ӷһۣܶһңû
ԱߵĹɵɵĿųӷˣ֮ǰΪǰŵЩʲôԼүүߵģû뵽Ĳǰ񣬾ȻһԼ׵ļһݲûΪӷ˹ƥŭǷǳˣҲԱһ仰˵
Ԫ¥ָųӷ˵컯֮£ȻܵҼҵӣֱĿ
ԪԼ˵ôʲôϸҽСץ͵ȥ
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ѰǵԼĶӣӷղŵǾ仰Ҳòһ¡
֣СӸղ˵Ǿǵˡ
ǵôǵ˾ͿҼﶯִҵ𡣡
ǣ˵ǾԼҵˡ
˻һԪɫϾͷת䣬˵ԼңĸԼң
ͷӣ˭ҵˣǹңҴҵӣһܷŹ
ӷЦԪ죬㿴ǣмԼң
ȷԵ˺ܶ࣬ϳΪһģȴһҶѡ
Ԫ˫۽Ŀųӷ磬ʵ˵ǾԼҵˣʲô֤ݣ
Ҫ֤ǰɣ͸ҿˡ
ӷʲôԼеֻǳҵָҲҪ֤ʲôµСӣõ֤

ƥһҽУΪӷĽ¼һһȥƥϵĹͷҪˡ
ס֣ϸס֡
ô㻹Ҫ֤ʲô𣿡
˵СӣҲǾ˭ҵĶӣҿɾ㣬ʲôµĻҲ뿪š
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ӷ¶һЦһֱ̧Ӿһ˹ƥϡ
һҽڴڻصţ˻һҪأԪ켱ס֣ٴˣңǾԼҵˡ
ܺãžͺá֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Թӣ
ˣҲԡסճ
ճѵǡ
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еʱһ¸ĸȨò˵һˬ飬٣ЩһẦ¡ȻΪӷ粻뽫Ÿ̫ңҲԲὫԼĸ׸Ż˵ġ
ѰʵĹӣ
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ţ㣬ǧҪ˺Ҷˡ
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ӷ粻ΪѹԪ죬Ϊӷ֪ŵĺڵңһŹԪģֻ֪֮Ҫ鴦ãҲʲô鷳
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˵꣬ӷתҪˣԪҲʲôܶ治ˡ
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Ҷ԰źģٿԸΡңڵϵ飬Ҳ֪һ㣬ȥˣܻﵽҲ˵
Ůһ棬ּͣͥҪİɡ
Ǻã͸ҹȥɡ
Цһҡ
˵꣬ߵ˹һŮǰЦЦ漴һ⣬Ůϡ
ž
㣬Ҵң
һ⣬͵ΪǸø绹İɡסԺǰţ򣬾ͲǴôˡ
˵ݣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣô˵
ҵḷ́Ҳ˵ǽö԰ɣЩ˵̫˵㡣Դĸ׹ôЩˣ˭ҵ˿ˣȻôңΪʲôҪǿ
ݻصӷߣЦ˵Ķ԰ɣӣ
ӷһЦ˵ϲ߰ɡ


496 Թƺ
ϾƵ⣬ȫǺڵϵʹϾƵ꣬һʱΪ˺ڵۼ֮ء
ڣپˣʮKû˿η壬ĳ棬Ǽܶ࣬Ӧ˵Ǹĳ棬پҲὫźڵ
ֵܾͲһˣμźڵŵĺڵҲǺκһģֵȴǺڵϵҲٸڵϵ֮ĺڵӽԼ˸Χֵܶٻ־塣
ڣ㶫ۺδϵʮKǵǿĿǰҲڼʶپ˵ֶκʮKҲٳȥ˵ʲôеĿڶԷϵĴ󻰡
پˣĳϣʦȻɵԵûҪֵģֻҪʱֵ֣ܲǾʦ欵Ӯҡ
νеƻ˽ϵĹذɣ
پΪһսõӷ粻ڵʱȻȫȨӷ˵ҲǳӷپȨ
پСᣬô˵ĳϽĻղŵЩҲδ̫Ц˰ɣڶʲôˣ˭㽲ʲôе
ȷپ˵ĻӦ˵ģǽϽ˵ġȴ˹Ҳ֤һ£Ұ󣬵ȴںء
һڰһ˾ֻ˹أܸԶķչȥһضûУ󲻴СССС군
˵򣬾ƾôˣġ˵ͷԣǾѾϵôдһ٣ǾҲ򲻵ѣɱһˡ
˼ȻѾ˹ˣǾ뵽˺첻ܽӷ˴Ļȳӷ˻ص˻ģͻԼ
پ˵ϻ첻
һսپ˵ɣ˵ϣҲɢ΢ɱ۽˾ҪˣͻȻݷһʹĽˣȫתͷոմ򿪵ĵš
һɫƤµɴӵ˳һ֣ͽڵ˵ֱӳپǱ˹ȥ
˲ɵϣ벻һŮˣֳϳֱ֣ߵپǰɣŮ˲򵥣ͬǶˡ
˵ǿɹģֵȥϧģߵ˾ͷҲ̫ԲԼġ
پԱߵɳϣپͬʱߵɳ֮
Ǻˣʵ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣϣܹϧԼμҵ飬޹أֺαΪһвǵŮء

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ԳڣӲãʮ겻ҵӣȴǻġ
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˵˵Լľãڵϴ޶֪ϹôĹۡ
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ЦǣҲǾδޣ˵ģǶΪǸıƺŮˣƼңҲˡ
иصͷڹںڵϵ˶֪ȴû֪صͷȻһͷδޣ߼һ𣬲ǲˡ
ڽǿףΪʲôô̵ʱˣԭƼں涥š
ѵƼҪںڵⶫƼڹµĵһ壡
±еɵ۵ĿɣֻһƴһսֻҪǰЩ˻ȥǾӮˣڣƼҼ̳˶ˣǶͷδޣⲻò±ж롣
ܲǶˣˣǵﲻŹǵģֻܽȫɵ֮飬㡣
γȻȥˣǻ˼ôʲô
ҪʱͻȻƵ֮⣬һȺˣȫƷˣоˣҲо졣
ҽץ
ϵӸһ˶ʱɵۡ
Ŷ꣬Ľ࣬ӣȫǴڵפذŵģЩڵӣδҸӴû뵽Ӹ죬Ȼʱͬʱϵ⵽ôһ£
󣬼Ц±ϣǵĵҲ̫ˣȻ˹ľۼô෸ӣʲô
ԪӴſ˽͸ý˴󾪣û뵽ܶԹˡ
ǣý˳ԾǣԪһƵģһˣ˾ǡͷӷ磡


497 һ
Ԫĳ֣ǽ벻ģ벻ͨΪʲôλŵܶӷһ𣬻һģѵ˵֮ʶ
еľˣѾȫΧڶ֪ǺˣǾԲܵģôǹɱûʲôֱ
Ҳʹ䣬ӿʼڣپɱԼˣԼûپǷֺҪԷɵ;ץģӦپǲŶ԰ɡ
ʲô磬Ȼܶ˶ˡССϾƵ꣬дѽ
⻰һֻҪɵӣĳд⡣Ԫ죬ʶǣ˫֮䣬ҲһӴϾڰŻ췴ԣԪĵһ֣˰ͽ᲻Ͼӵˣ͵Ԫ죬ܶҪ鷽㣡
󣬱һҺӡ㣬һģô˽ϾƵΧǺ⣿
Ԫ컹ߵĳӷ룬һԼڰŵ鱻ӷ˵ȥˣԼܶˣʣµļ꣬пڼȹ
ڣӷĿǽùԪڰŵȨסǣܹԪʲôϵӷ綼ȥܵġ
Ц˵ܶˣ⻰˵Ĳˡ˭֪ϾƵںμҵģЩˣҲǰμµģϾƵ꣬ӦǺɣ
ۼôˣҿԻЩǷĹ
ķǷ𣬹Ԫֲǲ֪ɹԪھȻ˵ĻҲɵӣȻףԪһʲô֮ôһžӸܹӲԼ˵Ļ˵ԼĻ˺ܶǷ֮µĻԪ죬ҲǸʲôö
ǳϣٸ˱һңʲôط飬ᷢġ
ľֵʱѾˣҲѾϰ˵ˣСʱľ־Ҫʼˣӷ֮ǰ
ܶͲøǷϻˣôԼŰ졣
ԪĸҲ鵽󱻽ǸˮҲȥ˾Լѽǿй塣οԽ죬ǲ֮ĹҵһԪף
ӷģͽҰɡ
Ԫ֣Աߵһ˵ȫץ
ǣܶ
ϼߵľҪץˣɽȴЦ˰죬ԭܶǰôģڻôǰǹϵãڸСӹϵãѵ᲻֪Сʲô𣿡
˵ϻǷ£ΪҲ֪ǰǣΪ˰ŵȶ񡭡
ܶĹȻԣӲʲô
Цӷ˵ֻ벻Գͷ裬ҰĲľȻҲṴٳϵˡСӣУߣסǣȻȥԸʦ欣õ֣ʵڸһһ䣬ƽƬ¡
ӷЦλʵ˵Щʲô֮ܶΪңյһʱ䶼ûǡˣϻҲǶ˵ǾȽȥһ°ɣŵľҲİڰ湻ˣȻȥǵģʱǵ̬Ȼ᲻ת䣬ͿǶʲôʶʱΪˡ
Щһϻ㽫ǸƽͶһְȥӦ㶫ۺ硣
һľ˸콫˸ˣЩСģҲȫץԪһ³ӷ˼ӷֻ˵һ仰ԼŰ족ùԪеΪѣ֮£ֻȽЩڵƵֹ꣬زô࣬ʱһ־ˣֻҪλӣʲô˵
ڹԪǽ˴ߺɽһ绰֮Գӷ˵ߵĸ㶨ˣ㶫ۺȴ˰šô
һȺСˣ˰ŵˮ㣬ǲ
پʵ㶫ۺ˶ųϱߣǲǿԷſȸһѵ
½ףǼùˡ
ֵϳˡģܹ㶫ۺ˶ˣһȫͻȥ
˭ȫͻȥˡ
Ǿ˼ǡ
ֻˣɱңֻ㶫۷ˣһҲҶ
ɣΪʲô
ΪʲôΪϲ
ŶԭΪϲѽǣеѶȣֻˣɱҶʱ֣Ҹô죿
׵ĻͲҪȥˡһֱΪ¶پǼڴ죬ʹһ⼬ֵɡ
˵꣬ӷ粻ףԺֵ˵ʱˣֵ׼ûУ
µΪҺμұʱ׼š
ֹϵ䣬Ժ˵ɡڣȥϾĳǵʵûԭǵһС


498 ۵Ѱ·
Ͼĳǳر𣬾ۼ˺ܶˣȴûһĿͣ˵Ͼĳ⣬ȫǹڸ̳ϵľӢǵĵΪģǼ֤һڲĶľ֣עμҡ
Ȳ˵ţޣμҶǰʮ֮ڵĴ壬񣬺μҵΪҲϾĳģȻȻ˺ܶ˵Ĺע
ȻʦΪ֪κǽμҽԼˣҲϾԺЩԼĴԣŻ̳һ֧ӢŶӵģЩ˵ĿڣΪԼ˵û
ˣʱѾˣҿֵûǰˡ
ϿһЦʦ欵˵ʦ˶ĳмĶǰҲǽĳΨһһŶǰЦƾëͷСҲҶ˶ôϾҵĵ̡뵱Ҷ޷һ񣬶Ҳ⡣
ˣǲҪнǹҿ˵νΪ붫￹⣬˹㶫⣬ǰźڵϵͷۺҲˣǿԴġ
ȻǵˣǾѡΪ˵ģҵźѽϿϣ֪ͨǣǴҲõ˵棬һο϶ҵݡ
ã֪ͨǡ
Ͽϴ˺ü绰绰һֱͨϿе㵣
òʲô°ɣΪʲô˵ĵ绰ͨ
ʦ˵ȻͨǾȥɡϿϣȥϵһǿҲҪڽǳΪѣ󣬻ҪǴɹʶ
õģȥ롣
˿̣ĳĴ⣬ͻȻһˣеĴͷߣһʮҵˣһɫװһƫ͡
˵ĵʹĶĳЩһ˷׷
۵ǿôˣ
ѽǿμŶԹһ治֪Ǻǻѽ
ûյۺ˵ˣǿԴ졣
ˣӲҪȥˣǿѾˡ
ʦվӭǿǿҲѾһϳԼ߹Ůˣǽӹ˰źμҵʦ次
ѽڼˡ
ۺڵҪ̤ʱʦ欻ûμңͲʶǿֻ۵ЩܿǿƬѡ
ǿΪӱģ鲻ûãȻˣӣǿҪġ
λһǺμҵ¶ʦСɣ
¡ܵʵСⲻ١
ʦСˡ˵ʮKѾˣ֪ڵô
ʦ欸ش𣬾ڶĳſڣһ˵磬Ҳ̫˼ˣ˰ҲǰС˵һСҲøһѽ
ǿʦתȥĳˣʦ欲ʶǿȴʶ
ϵܣҿǱЩӵϢģôһѽ
ߣĵڶѽף㶫飬ҲϴγӷʱǿһǼһ
磬Сⲻ׼ٹֲǲ֪ҪֶԸ֮˿ɲ򵥣һСģǿɾͶزȥˡ
˹ʦʵû´ĻλӦþǹ㶫ĸɣ
ЦʦС㣬ܽһ磬ɼ㻹ǶĽһЩصġͳ磬첻ܷʲô£ģ磬
ʦڿɲȥ˹㶫ڵֻӦ͵磬Ǳ߹ҲĲˣڽᷢʲôҲ֪ǻȰɡ
õˣǣˡ
ˣҪǰʵ̫٣Ҳʮ˰ˡ
ǿۿȥͷ֮ˣȻһ꣬ң꣬ԼǸꡣ
㣡
鶼еԾ۵ʱͲµӷڶݲ򵥣ȴ룬δ춫鷳ģȻСӡ
ӷ߳ǿ߹Цղɺѽ
ô㣿Сӣ㵽ʲôˣʵ
Ĺ죬㻹ûʸǾ˵״󺰵

ǿ໥һۣʦԱ˵Ƕͷϴ󡣡
ʲôǶľ
ӷ˵û뵽ôּˡϴ۵ʱΪҪҪ죬ûҽܡ죬Ҿҽܰɡ£ǶĴʼˡԱߵ⼸λҶĴսҵδޡȻΪҪģǽǣμֵܣκӣμļ̳ˡ
˵쵰ɥĲ񣬺Լĸ׸еˣûʸ̳кμҡʦ˵
Ȱñ죬Ϊڻֲ˵
㡭
ȻҲ֪ǶλΪʲôͻȻܵƣӦ漸ѵİɣ
ǿ˿̲֮ǰΪ֪źڵֲģڼֻˣʮKǵأأΪʲôӰ
ҲˣҸղѾ˵ǣˡ֮ǰ飬Ҳֹǣֻһ۵Ѱ·


499 Ե·ˣģ
Ȼ˫Ѿⳡľ֣Ҳʮ֮ʽʼ
ʦ欵ԽĽţһڶԣϲǺֵܵĶֻ֣еһʦҲĲ
Ͽϣϲһ£ǵ׷ʲô£ΪʲôڶӰ
ѾˣǱӷƽˣʦôҲ벻ͨӷôģ
ôɳӷǾôˣͻһа٣ҲܽȫŵѽУһʲôԼ벻⡣
ϿԱߴ˺üͨ绰ǽǱߵˡ
ɵϿϵ֪ǱߵǳԾԣʦ˵ˣӣǰС̫ˡ
׷ʲô£ֱ˵
СӽһȥܶܶԳ棬פڰŵľӣоȫץ
ʲôôܣǸ֮ܶĹϵǳáңܷ֮չסǲҲǿɶΪǶĳĹϵѵ֪ܶǶҵ𣡡
ˣ㣬ܶǿ϶֪ġӹܺμʱܶҲعġ
ȻˣǹܶΪʲôҪ
ҾͲˣţһУǶĹ
һͨѽܶ򡣡
˵ʦô᲻֪ţԪȥԸԼĻҲòôһԼ̨ǰŵĶĳһңǸʱ򣬵ƾǸ㲻ġ
ѵ첻ֵܣ
ˣľϾҪʼˣٲ취Ļһսǻĺܲҵġ
ʦһ£˵ѾûʱȥˡϿϣ㲻Ҫһȥǿ̸̸ǿԸҶԸĻ½֮ԸƽְƬ¡
ǰŴӲκκڰ̤룬ͬʦ欲Ļˣʦһˣͷ
Ͽεĵ˵ͷ뿪֮ľҲѾʼˡ
ֵܸڳӷǰʦԣҲǵԱߡ
Ǻֶѽܶ붯ˡû´Ļ³Ƕͷ֮⣬Ӧûбʲôݰɣ򣬹ܶǾԲԸҵġ
ӷЦʲôݣ㲻Ҫ֪ҲҪҪǣİţƹܣǽֵܡ
ӷԺ˵ΪԼļ壬ɣǧҪ˵μң֮
˵ģһ
ߣ治С˭˭Ӯ˭˭󣬾үҲˡ
ʦֶԳӷЦղǾ仰˵˰ɡӮҲΪԼΪ˿ɡűǸ̫ƽ֮أкĴڣҲкܶδսˡĵȴһС
ӷ粻϶ѿ࣬˵٣İţһ۷Ĵڡ
ôаգֵܹţžͻһ۷Ĵڣ
ŵģֵܣԼΪ̤֮أΪ۷֮ء
ʲô˵Ҳûãһлǵⳡľֽ֮˵ɡ
ӷϯһľ֣Ѿʼˡ
˫λɹٵĵģǶĳΪֽơ
һľ֣ǶԳӷ˵ǶԸոյǿ˵ϣţӷʮþȣʣµʮ֮һҪǿĺ㶫ôˡ
ĳڣǿӰѾʧӷҲûȥǣҲڳӷϵС
ĳ⣬ͣһźɫı۳ǿ飬һϣųӵΧȫվźڵҲȫۺ˸㶫Ȼ˫ģܾôˣһд˰Ÿء
ڶľֿʼʱϿѾǿһˡ
ϾˣϿҲϻֱӿżɽλǷ˵ˣλܰȹһصĻǰŵĶҵǷ˻λƽ֡
ǸˣҲڶѽ׵λӡ
Ƿĳ뻹ǹ˵ġǣҪ׬Щ룬ҪðջǺܴΣա
ȼһ֧ѩѣֵҪ֪ԵģǶң˺ڵ֪֮⣬֪ʶܶˣŵܶץˣǼ֮ǰļƻ˭ܱ֤ŵܶ᲻Ҳץǡ
Ͽ˵߿ܣֻҪӮǹܻܶվǱߡֻҪ¶ЩˣǻػǻͻȺףڶʱ֮ھԲ鷳ģ㣬λӦñҸ֪
ɲһǿʵ磬ô
ǿһ£˵ţΪҶӱġȻҶӵ˾ڶĳ֮ڣҲûаܡ
˼ǡ
ˣ˵ĻǻᱻϵѳЦƴҲͼ˰ˣҾͲţôԸôëͷСӡ
˵ҲûȻѾˣһΣǾһԸɡ
ϵܣǱжˣ
һٶš
ҲࡣǾȽȶľһֱɱϾĳ㿴
ãһΣֵܾͲս
ĳһߣüͷֱ̾
ҪֲɱΪˣ
׵Աߣһʵ磬ֵѾȫλˣҪҪ
ԷûλǼëɡ
磬۵ǿ㶫飬ӣѾжˡ
һЦ˵Ƕ棬ɱ˼ˣӦòְᷢɣ
磬ˣǿҪùˣ
¸񣬾㵹ùҲҵùƨ°ɡϴԵ·˵ģģˡ


500 ҪҲû취
ϾĳڵĶľѾڽˣֵȻⳡľֿıԼҪأϧǣȴӮ䣬ҪƯľʡ
ʦ欵ĶͷѾð˴󺹣ڲ֪£òţʦҲܽеĽŸֳ֪ǺµĶ֣ĵı棬Ҫλġ
£ȻĶ߳Ϊ̫աһĸԺ֮ˣûʸϡ
˵գʦ欽ĵһƷ˿÷K˫ð׹⣬ڸһѵĻһֱӳȥʦ欸ɱˣ֪֪
ǳá
סеķŭĵһƷ˿ԭǺAƣȴΪһźС
˵үǲ˵ġңڳô̳ǰֵ棬ĶôҲûгǧĻᡣ
ʦѾȥ룬һƵԼңǺûó汾ĺԼҲ֪Լһʲôʦ欲̫⡣
΢΢תͷһ۳ӷ磬ӷҲǵ˵ͷԼ˵Ļȥظ
ںתͷٴʦ欵ͬʱӷԱߵĺ־˵ڿȥĸˡ

־û뵽ӷʱԼȥԼĸףӻصŵڣԼֵֻɱʦ欣ûĸ׵飬ڳӷһѣ־ԼǲТΪ˸ȫұȴԼĸס
лѣ
ӷһЦ˵ֵܵĸ̫֮ˣǰΪҪ飬ˡھȥɡҪסȳĸ֮ǧҪٻˣ
Ϊʲôֵܻûгأ
бڶӮʦ欣֪֪Ӯʲôãѵôμһ𣡡
ǾҸǸŮ˵ԭ򣿡
ͲùˣҵĻͰҵĻȥұ֤֮ǰμңعֵ֣֮ǵĳˣҲǵǰ
־ڸûȨȥʲôӲȥɣûгӷĻԼֵܱ˵ʦԣܾٴλصŶܡ
ں־Ӷĳĺ뿪󣬳ӷ˵پǼ׼һ£ѾжˣֻҪľһһ
پ˵ȵʱǲѰŸ̫ңŻкǸŮ˵ġڣȻѾֽˣǲǿԡ
һǾ仰ҪģһԭⲻİţԼƻ䡣ǿ˫ͽϾĳɣŴ򹷣Ƕᡣ
˵¾䣬Ҳܽʱһ£ǵˣӦûⳡľֽͬʱϹ
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ڶĳֻ
һʾûнӵ绰绰Ҳֻ˼¾ֹͣ
ĸĵ绰ʱˡ
ԱһСʵ磬ǲǿԳĳˣ
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磬ղŵ˼ǡ
ҽȫйĳΧסҪס۸㶫˷֣ǱҪȳĳٶ֣ǾͻᷴǸΧġ
ײСӦء
һ棬ڳϵǿ˿ʱ䣬ľѾʼ˿һСʱˣǿϿʵǸµĶô
Ҫ汾µĻǷˣԲǺֵܵĶ֡
Ҳ˵Ƿ˻䣿
ǵģϽǲŻӷ˵ȥɱֵܡֻϧѽ
ˣѾˡ
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磬е㲻Ծѽ
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ʦ⼸ӮĶ࣬١Ǻ£ʧˮ׼㣬Ŀǰ¿ܻ䡣
ʲô
Ͽ϶һʦ欵Ķ֪ģͲӮ˺ѽ
ţȥ涢ţʲôһ㱨
Źرգ˵ӣб䣡治֪ڸʲô
ϵܣҿǲٵˣҹζ࣬Ϊǿɡ
һ£˵ھͶ֣᲻̫һ㡣ϾǶ֪«ʲôҩΪʲôӮ٣һжǶĹǾܻ
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˵Ҳû
齫һᣬ˵첻Ƕ磬ھżĳ
á
ĳ׽ǿѾжˣһѾĳĴ˹ȥΧȫŵĲҿĳһЩѲߵľжԶܶԶϵܲ˹
һЩ֪ļһ̲סˡ
磬ǵҲѾķԸȫɢΧֻһ£ǾͿԳȥˡ
áֵȫ׼ĸɶڶĳڣǴұֵĺʱ򡣡
ӷ羲ĿŶһѰѵӮ治ɫĲǰĺȴѾ͵Ŀ첻ˣһƣ䣬̫ܣ
ʦ欣Ҿ֮ǰӮһѰɣѣҷ
£ӣ֮˵Լڹǰ֮ڣҿ
顣
ĳĴű˸һų˿ǿǸԵȫ˽
λʵڱǸе˽Ҫ޹ߣȫ볡ܵʲô˺ɱǡ
ʦӮĶ࣬Ҳ˷ʱ䡣˵ˣԼӮôѵӷ˵㻰𣬱غֵܲٳԼǰӷ˵ҲͲźֵˡ
ĳڵ˼Щڵĵȫ֪Ϊʲôһôĺμңʦ欻ǺֵܣܽһѺһľϣ֮һսҲԼЩûκιϵ
ȫбʦļα볡ʦҲѾǿߣЦ磬Ŀʱѽ
ʦС㣬ģȻǴӦ飬Ǿһ죬ЩˣһҲ뿪
ӷվЦǿ飬ӣǽ˵Ļɶ߷ˡ
Ҫ֪ɲĵ̣ڻҸҲκβ㣬죬עǵ
ҿǽôˣѵԶٲɣ
ʦ˵Զ٣ô
Ҫ꣬ҪˣҪҲû취
Σ㡭
׺ڣ
ˣˡˣ
ĳ֮⣬ֳһˣҪǿǵҪࡣң棬ҲѾۼ˱һϾĳΧ


501 һ˫
뽫ӷ缸˸ΧһѰѵĵǹָųӷ缸˵ͷǳ˳ҲɳȥèžҲɡ
ڵǣǿǣӷ˸ΧңЩǴʲôطðģǿһ㶼֪
ôϿϣЩǴģ
ʦд󾪣ۺ˸㶫ۿҪӷ缸˸ɵˣû뵽ᷢ顣

׷һЦֱӷߣ˵ǵѾˣļһҲѾǵסˣ˭Ҷһ£Ҫǵ
ӷ˫ֱף˵ǲǰҵĻ߷ˡ
ûûѽҿǰ˼ֻ˲ɱġ
ҸϹ࣬ôصѪζɲҪңԼɱġ
ġ̫͵ģҪĳǵ˳֮£ֻܽ˽Щļһȫɵˣ
پ˵ף㲻Ӿ£ڻǰɡҵţȽЩһ֮ˡ
ˣ׵˵
ӷǰǿ˵ǽǳˣҵ黹ɱˡڸ·ߣһ̸ҹԼĵ̣ڶϾĳǵķĹȻڽ飬Ҳᵱʲôûʲôʱһ㣬ȻȥݷǵģʱһΪĳ嶯۵ġڣǿԹˡ
ƻǲܱģһ䣬ºͻкܶ鷳ӷҲֵ֪ڹĲôڰһƬҵ½ｻֵܣǹܲӷ绹Ҫұ˹ġĹԱ٣ڸպúʣֽгӷʲôطһţȻˣǻֳɵĹߣǵֻҪһ̫ƽĻžɽʯҲĥʯġ
磬ڸô죿ǵһ١ңȻܹҲ˵ˣѾʧˡ
ܲôˣǾȥĻԺҲ޷ڵ㡣һƴףһ
ʦ˵λȻΪ˰ұǡ
ұ죬ûʸ˵ΪΪ˰㣬ûжﵽһҲŵġ
飬ʲô˼Ͽ˵ͬһϣӦһԵвǣҪʱǷͻĻֻö
Ͽ˵Ҳûⶼͷˣַ˭֪ˣǾԲģͳͳµ
ǿ˺ģγһǹҲԥֱӳͷĿһǹҺҶ֣˭ɱ࣬Ҹһ
˵ʮǸǿһģǿ˵ĻҲ˵ɱ٣ǾܻŻۣ֮λҲҪøˡ
ʮͬʱǿǰһվԵģǳӷֵµս
ĺڵϣɣһǺˣһǶˣǴкˣжˡνĴУȻǴ֣˵УҲĺź
ʮʮһʱپˣ׽ս˳붯֣پ˵췸Ĵ󻹲ЩСɫȻսҪϣ㶪ˡ
ʵе㲻˼Լôˣ֪ԷֻЩ۵ͨ˰ˣԼʲôˡ
ʯͷһ˫ȭһӭ˺ʮ֮һ˫˫ȭԣһ֮ʯͷԭһҲûж˵Ǹ˺ü˫ַǡ˫ֵĹͷȫѿˡ

һҽڶĳڻصţǿɫһ䣬ŭûõĶһ¾ͱ˸㶨ˡǼʲôϡ
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һһ־ѾʧȥսʯͷҲٶˣԼˣʣµЩһǽپǰɡ
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ɻɢһ˿˿ͨ˿ĺɫ⣬پ˼Ҫ񫣬ȫص˳ӷߡ
˵ĸһ˶ԸôˣòΣհɣ
֩˵˵ЩʲôһٴΣҲû˵ĸ
Ѿͷҵĵţ
ʦ欼ԷһŮˣҲͬΪŮ˵Ȼһֱվں棬Ҫǿǰ򣬾عˣԼҲԶǿǲڽ¡
ɵ˫һ׹⣬һɫƾճ
ͬһ߰㣬ɵת˼Ȧʦóӵʱɵӵ㣬ӵȫֵ
⣬ⲻܣ
ৡ
Ӱһֱӳʦ欵ǰǳ
ʦ欿˫۾۾ǿֲ飬²ɵȥ
˵ݶɱ˵ʱ㻹֪ĸš
䣬һסʦ欵Ĳӣ΢΢һʦ欸ڿһ˵г𱨳𣬺£Ůˣˡ
顣
ʦ欵ıһ¾Ͷ˺ĶϣһѪӿ˳ײͨŮˣܵˡ
³ڣܵ˶ǰѪȴʦ欣ݺݶж񱨣ڡ
Ҫɱң£ңҿ衣
浱ֵֶӵĻͲ׷ɱǣὫǵĸ׸үүҸףɱҺμţһٴΣҲѵ
ӷһɫķɵ¶˹ȥɫķɵ˶ϡ
ɱˣõȽˬ£ߣ˿ԥٶȴҪī
½ĵķɵŭȥɡ
Ҫ
ৡ
һֱӴ̽ʦ欵ؿڣѪǡ
ϿϼʦѾֻһܣȴ·µš
˸ˣ죬Ҳɱ䣬ģȫҰļһ£ؿͷȻȥ
ǿǲģǲǵ²
һʱ䣬Ǻ˵˻ˣȫļһ˵ϣͷͷ󻹲
˷ЦЦۺˣЦ㶫
ǴͷأҶȫǡ
һ£ĵһʱͿҲ֪ߵغ˲С˹ͷһ·ɣ
ڶѽΣ㣬Թˡ
лɱ֮
жܶ죬ʣǿһˡ
ӷߵǿǰ˵֪֪ϴ۵ʱҾͿɱ㣬û죬ͬɱ㣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ǿȻܷչ죬Ǿ;Բһ㣬ںڵϸ̳ϵ飬Ҳǳ
ȴռһѡҰģҲֻһ첻ҪţҪ۰ɣ
ĵ֮ǰû뵽ģɼȻԼң˵ҿܾܾ𣡡
ڣپǲףԭӷ粻Լɱˣ˰ŵͬʱҲˡˣӷֻǲӶķһ̣һڵȻĳѾϵĺڵ¡
ôֱ˵ɡ
ӷЦҸղѾ˵ˣ㣬ҹȥüסڿʼۣѾˣҲֱӸӴϾۺڵ̫УҲɵ붢ϣµĻһ֪ͨģһУĵķԸȥɡ
һ˫ĲǰŸǰŸۡ


502 ɵиȣµ
峿İԵĸů⴫еÿһ䣬·ﲻκκڰƵġм֪죬ţѾˡ
ֵμңΪкκǰЩ°æܿͽμҵȶȻֵô콫μҶھһ¼󲻷κεĶңȻӷİ벻˹ϵӷ籾˰ŵĻٿ֮⣬ҲĿס˰ۡ
Ͼǿ۵ĸ̫ӰӽеͷӷһǿǾԲĳϷڳӷģҲ˵ֻҪǿһȽϺõʱͻᶯеٴӷΪС
˵ӷɱǿɱͬһֻô򵥣εĻᣬҲǿءɾɱǿôɱһǿ۳ϷĻӷԲ˿ԥ˵Ŀǰӷֻǿס˰ۣҪ뽫ȫ֣ǻҪһʱ䣬٣Ҫһҵһܹ۵Ľɫ
ʵľõѡ
վϾƵķ䴰ǰɱ߿˵
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ȹǸӵĵҩγ͹ˡʱŲĻ˵ģɽһһ
ӷЦɣƼңСŹߵĲܣֽ֮㲢
ʲô˼
еʱҪһ˰£õķֻܽڶ飬ԷֵܿȶҪʵõĶࡣ
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ǸҰֱⷽ棬ǲҲܳɹ
ѵõЦһֵЩ£ҲΪ²ĸԸֵģ𾴡ЩҲ֪ȴүү
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̵֪Ϊʲô𣿡
˵ǰֵȹ𣡡
Ǿˣȵģһʮ˵ʵ̵£ֵеֵֻǽҵĳˣͳͳɱ˸⣬ϵϰʮµոճӤһûŹ
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ȻϺ
ǣ߰ٶˣһҹ֮䣬ȫʧˡ
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Ҳֵܱ˼ҳֻϧֵȴûе̵ı£Žֵ𣿡
˶ǿģѹͶ㶯
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ӷЦЦ˵ŵĵһӰѾӳ˾ż˵ƱܲҲѾʼڶӰͶˡңڸҵͬʱҲʱһ̨ˡ
̨Ǹŷ
أ
ǸһǣܱѲأܱ㡣
֮ǰ̨Ѿˡ
ʲôҶ֧ġֻڶԸڸͬʱҲҪСĹ
˵ģҮ壿
ֵΪȻ㣬Ǿ˵ǵĻѾҡˣûҪܵйҺ顣˵ģձɽ顣
ϴ飬ǳġֻ벻ʮǰձ񻰣۷ϴôӤҰһ򣬾Ȼ֣֮
ľƽﲻɽ¶ˮģӱϿ㣬зһֻǸȴ̶꣬һ֣ɱɱ֣һõӤҰһ֮ʵ֪
ӷ˵ȻľѾõӤҰһ֮Ҳ˵ڵ֮ϡǣɣ֪Ϊʲôֱ𣿡
Ϊʲô
ܹݣԸңͬʱԸ죬ʲôҸ춷һٳ֡Ȼľصļƻһ޼Ҳ벻޼ô֡
ľʲôﶼư޺ڵڵҰĲС
ǾͿٶȿ컹ҵٶȿɡ˵ʵһ༸Ķ֣һ޼ֳһľأҲδؾǼ¡⣬ǱߣҲʹ˰ݵģһұ𣬶һΣӦЩɢ޸ֳʱˣ
ڶ֮⣬ʲôɢޣϴѾüɱֻа˸ˣֻҪǼƻλͲҪǡ
ɣ㻹ǰѶ̫ˡڵ껹ڣڶνйڵϵİΪʲôڿŶҵһȥأԭֻһ
ʲô
ڻҵıŸͬ˵ǲǾɢ޼ôΪߵģϴɽ˺󣬻޼ܵʲôطȥˣһѾˣ޼һʦʦӦɢеĶһΣңӦûǱɢԸҡ
˳ӷ˵ʵԾ˵ǲҪ׼ȥϵһǻɽһ
ֻ£ɽһ˵Ʊѽ
Щɢޣ׶Щʲôͷ
ɽɢеİ˷ɽֻеһˣ߷Ҳû
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Ŀųӷ磬Լ˵·ԽԽˣ


503 
ҹ̯ϣӷ˼صСԣƾơƣٲãӷҲȼ
¸־ѾйԪ콫ȫųˣԼһСʱ֮󣬺¾ͻὫǴپ˵
Լֵһ𣬲ҪֿӷҲϲֱĸ߸ϣ򣬾ͲֻĻĴBOSSˡ
šͻȥˣ飬ҲӦýһ£ǲ֪ô췴
ʵҾͲˣⶼѾ˰ţΪʲôʮKأֻǶֱӽźڵˣ
׵ʣӷʵڲ˵ˣΪ˵Ѿˣ
ףΪû㶯֣ΪҲᶯ֡ٸ˵ЩϻĻҲͲûػˣ
ұ죬ұ컹ô
СӣӷʵΣֻϣպ󻹻ı䣬Ȼǿʱһģס
ڳӷһ仰Ҳû˵һ˫۾ȴʱʱĳҹ̯Ĺ̨Ǳ߿ȥʲôҪ˵˵ڡ
ʶģ
ӷͻȻһ仰ɵĿӻӹ̨Ǳջء
ô֪
ֲϹӣС¶ĻҲܽ﷢չľơ
ΪһŮˣԼӷ磬˵ˣòͬ飿
ӷ粻ɵЦһپû⻰˼ɳӷȴ׵ĺܡ
òͬ飬ҪԼֲʶ
ڹʿʱպøͬһģǻı㹻ʵǵʱõһǵǸʱһϲʿʹڽʲô
ô˵ģ
˵йֻ̫ǰ;ڹ⣬չ
ˣۻܶɣ
ȻҾеһȻҴСȴүүѧһйˣܽôҵֻһԣǷ֮󣬾ͷһֻȡ
ûлѧܽôߵʲôطһйˣԼǵĻҪһ˫ȣҲûʲôã
ţû뵽ҵ˼˺ú󣬻׷ҡ
ۡ
Աߵһھƴӿ˳ŭ˭ôӣȥѾģ
ұ졣
Ŷ죬Ҳ˵ˣ
ܾ
ˣҴӲм֮Ѷ˭֪ڱҾܾ󣬾ȻԶѧϼңû뵽ϼңţ
ɻ䣬һ˵˵ɣ˵ô𣿡
վһװ꣬Ҳ̯ӵϰ壡
ԭͿˣϵı飬˵Į
ǸʱҾѾˣ⼸λѣ
곤ĺԣηǳ࣬ͲǸڹͬһĲʿһ
ҵδ⼸δֵܡ
δɣһת۾Ѿˣ뵱㱻ȫУ֮ΪŮͨʮͿԶʿǶΪ㽫Ὣеľҵϣû뵽ôҪˡ
˵⻰ʱʧ䣬¸꣬һԼˣ֣Է£
ǰҲҽеľȫҵϣڣҵδҵһС
ӣ겢֪ɵݣ֪ڵ쵱Ƽҵļ̳ˣƵҲȥɵעˡ
Ȼɵѣ˵ӷӦãɸղ˵ӷǲֲҵһµļһģӲʺá
ЦЦųӷ磬˵ãҽδ̣
ӷ粻˵ûпһۡ
ѿĽѾȥ˻˵ɣӣδ޲ѽ
Сӣҳԣɲ˵Ժû˵ˡپ˵
ռ˾˲ƣԼҲһˡ
ɣһҿĵΣҴСڰų󡣡
ˣҪˣֻм˶ѡ
ͬѧһѵͲһ֮Ļ𣿡
Ĳˡҿڵͦõģ㵱ѧҵҲΪҵĹϵ£һֱܹⲻȥҸһǮ͵ǵһ㲹ɣ
Цɣ˵⻰̫ˡ⼸ҵ䲻ãҲĺܿġʵѾˣҲѾ˺ӣ㣬ֻĲ
ɶԳӷ˵ӷ磬һ򡣡
ӷ˵ͷ֩̿һ֧Ʊɡ
Ǯ࣬ǲĽɣΪҲ˵ˣͬѧһϣ¡
һ򣬽û뵽̯ˣĺ
ȻôپܾĻͲ˼ˡʱһҪ֪ͨң֧Ʊҵʱ㡣
ֿ˳ӷ磬˵Сӣסɺһ㣬ȻһŹġ
ӷ绹ǲ˵ɫѾת䣬ΪΪԼȵˣѾˡ
ҹнϣȫɢһϰ˵ĺ¶飬죬ӷڵ̯˹
ЩڵĳһԼ½ѵģҲûκѽòԼ鷳İɣ
ֵܴһڳӷͣԱߵŵѾɫףλʲôʱԱһվĸĽ˵ô֮ǰѾ߹ˣѰ·ʶʱΪܣͿԼˡ
ǰȻ˶ѾˣȻѾˣ
һϰڽ˵Ĵ£ͬʱԳӷҹнϣͬ֡
ӷ˿Խ˵ԺúøֵܡסҪȥҵĵߣΪֻǴ޾Ŀֲ
˻ôҪ֣͹ԼʱаѱʦϣҲһΪУ˲ˣ
ڿʼǾǾˡ
ˣʦŮ˶вǣǾãʸҵ𣿡
Ц΢΢˱۾˵ǾǾĹذŵ
ܺãе֪֮£־ҴӦǵ飬ѾˣͿԼˡû²ҪңֱپȫȨҴκ顣
˵ǣлΪǺμֻعĶ飬ֵһӶǵġ
˼ˣ⡣
ӷ֮ʱֿһŵɫ˵ģҵŮˣҵһУҲȫģԣǳҸҲ֮ϵ֮
ͷɵδ򣬵ʲôͷųǣҲ̫ˣ


504 Ү
ӷջصྩʱͽӵƶĵ绰˵ĸѾྩྩƵųӷ硣
ڸֵ飬ӷﲢûȫţڵֵǰδеΣҮ巢ʲôʣŷǱߣҲкܶʺǵĺ飬ܵйңҵĻһոһʱĺڰ
ӷԵĵ̫࣬Ϊ˸ԼµԼЩ˼ӷֻȴӦƶǺֵȻΪҪǣӷҪֵ֪ԼĿġ
ڽپһЩ󣬳ӷȻؼңڻǱߣҲҪȥֺڵϵˣϾѵ⣬ڵȾǶǰ;кܴӰ죬ĸλү֪£ҲŹԼġ
ྩƵſڣƶˡ
ô·أ
֪ӷ̫ϲΪͷŵĿϰ壬һûУҲδ̫˰ɣ
кܶ࣬ȫҵЩãΪ쵼ߵģһ̤ûС
ӷ磬ͬѧҪô˵أϴҼ٣ϴһδš
ҹӦòϵɡ
ҸѾڷˣھ͸ҽȥɡ
ӷûǰһ˵㸸׳
ƶе㻳Լˣǳӷ˵ˡ
Ҹ׳ӷ磬Ҹ׿ǡ
Ҳ㸸ʲôݣֻҪסҮҺǺ⣬ﲻй˵㡣
һǾӼҵСˣһֱ˰Եƶʵǿǰˡ
ҸӣԸ㣬ϣҲδ̫
ö˵նðĻǾûʸҺ
һＯŵŶٳңжҪɱ㣬ŲҪͣκһλĵ
Үļֵͷ˹ĳڴϣǾΣյģ˵ĳ򣬾ͻӵȡ
ڳӷЩҪƶΣҲˬ
ӷѵйྩҵĵ̣һоҪҵġȻȻᱣ㸸׵İȫҵĵ̲˳ҵĻҲԱ֤㸸ףû뿪ྩ벽
йһŻ˵ǽɽ˲ųѽ
ͻأһ˵˵йȴ׼йĿ
ӷתͷȥֻһˣӾƵ˳һɫװһͷɫͷɫ۾·ǵӡ
ƶ˵ĳ֣ǰ˵ףΣյġ
˽Ү䣬ƶĸףҲֵͷϴԼһ˴ӾƵ߳ģûдκˡ
ģȻ˵û£ĵϣͲ˸˺ҡ
Үվ˳ӷǰʵ˵ûɣߣӡ
ӷû˵˫Χɨһ£ھƵԱһųʯΣ̾˹ȥҮҲʣųӷʯǰͬʱƶվĸߡ
ӣĿģŮѾ˵ĺˡڣҲѾ˼й̸ǲҲҪó
ӷȻû˵˿̣һ꣬պôӳӷ˵ǰ껹ĿҮһۡ
ƶһָӷ磬ʲô˼
ӷףһԴȥ
ղžڳӷԵͣ˽Ųһ
漴һͷӳӷ˵߾ƶѾͲסˣ˵ӷ磬Ҹ׿Ƿǳг̸ģڵʲô˼һ˸ѵ㻹Ҹײ𣿡
ƶĵģҮ䱾ȴϣЦŷȣ侲㣬ֻңƬط˵㣬ôԺգڹôĵطֻҪ˵һ仰Ҿûˡ
һתҮԳӷ˵˵Ķ԰ɣӣ

ӷЦЦֹͣ˵ΪֵͷȻ治ɫĲҮ֪ұߵǸˣֻҪһ֣֮ȫ⡣ߵǸˣֻҪ춯Ϳ֮ڣȡ׼
׷ɱֳȻѾҮЩʲôطĺˣԣֻҪһ֣ڳӷ˵ʱڣЩһȫɵ
Үľֻм֮ҡҮ䱾˵ãҲڳӷ˵ʱڣȡ׼
ⲢвҮ䣬ӷֻھֻһǧʲôע⣬ڣǽ棬Լǰˣʲôۣ򣬾Ǻ飬Ҳɱɡ


505 Ϊɷֵ
ҮǴˣȻѾ֪ΪʲôҪĿģǾ˵˵ҺĿİɣ
ںڵϵ˵ʲô£ĿĵģЩһǲĵû£Ӳֲȥ֮ڵ̳ûʲôΪ׬ǮΪ̡
ֻӷһ㲻ףҮѾĵһڰˣڹǴΪʲô£λҮļֵͷԶԼڵϵ˺أ
ҮҲǸˬ˰ɣֱӾͿżɽӣεûȥˣԭֻһǱǣƼŮ
Ƽң
Үû˵ӷǳҵļ̳ˣƼҵŮ㣬ӷѾһš
ôҺǲƼŮʲôϵ
֪ʣںڵϣץסȻص㣬װͿҲһֶΰɡ
ӣղҲ˵ˣǴҶǴˣڴ˵ǰͲҪװͿ˰ɡƼйչģڣҲѾڵϵһˣƵ㾭Ӫô꣬˽֪֪ҲΪƼз磬Ѿڵϵļ岻Ƽҡ
Ү˵Щ֮ĺûʲôϵɣ
ϵȻУһǴĹϵӣµ֪үүƼҵ㾭ʱĺѣƼΣүүȴûвƼҵ飬Ҳδе˵ȥ˰ɡߣƼҸǳ׼ңڵϵҲΪ㣬ٳٲҶƼҵģֻʱ⣬ֻǱ˾ƼұضҪù
˵صɣҿɲ˵ϻġ
ãҾ˵˰ɡ֮ûȥƼ֮£ڵλ̳ȥҲ˵ҲǲƼҵǣҪڹڽãٽڵ֪˵ûд
ӣҮбġûүүȷ뽫ڵңʲôϵ
йϵŴĹϵΪӺԭ򡣡
ߺߣҺƽڵ
ûӣ½СŮ㣬㿴ҮʲôΣ㣬´ˣҮ岻ûκεΣǱǰӴ󡣡
Ѿ˽ڵֵս׼ûܶĹĺֵԣҺ׼ȷ˵ͨңȴͨƼߣһδڵ֮ǰƼһԿֵһȳΪƼҵһ˫ֵ֣Ҳǲֻڹڵĸһȶ֣ڵ
ӹȻֻǲ֪ҵļƻʲô
ǣûȤ
ƶ˵ӷ磬ҪӵļѾʸ֮ˣҮ˵ܸ̫£ȱסǡ
ҮҮС㣬ֵ󣬵ɱǵˡҪֵֵȵĻ룬Ү壬ӦֻؼһСɣ˵һһջ񣬵ûջͬʱңƼһж˵ˣȻƼҵŮƼңӵģͷǾԲӦκµġ
ӷ绰䣬Ա˵ҴӦ
ɳԱߣ֪
ɣʲô
߹˵ڿʼƼҮ壬ˡҮھͿȥүүеϸڣԼүү̸ɣһ֪ͨүүһġ
Үվ˿ɣ˵С㣡ӦóΪٷˣٷ˹Ȼ档Ȼղų˵ԼִӦˣ룬Ӧòʲô˰ɣ
ӷЦȻӴӦˣǾԼŰɡҪ㣬ǧҪʲôƼ֮£򣬾ǳΪУҮӦúɣ
ӴɷģҲ鷳Ҳһŭ֮£ѽ
ӷûаԥתߣûȥһۡ
ƶЦС㣬ʼǸˣٶһģ⣬ӣеˡ
ҵ飬ܡҸɷ֮⣬Լ
ƶ˵ͷɸתʱ˵С㣬òϣһӣðԼ屻̲ΣգҲҪɷֵࡣģҸҸ׶Ա֤Ү壬ǾԲᶯƼҷֺġ
˵üס˵ĻȻģͲǳңޡ
ɻصʱӷڿӣһΪȻӡ
ӷ磬ˣ
ӷûȥɣ˵ɣãԶңڣɽ飬𣿡
ۡ
ΪʲôҪӦҮ壬Ǻ
ֻǲϼۡųҸԼҵĵӲ˵ڸձвȷ˴ʱٽƼҵѹļϣʵڲġȻҲĲ㣬콫ڸձвȻȥƼңҲô˽Ϊҵļ壬˯á˵㣬ҵɷƼҸҪӷ磬һʲôܵӣҹʧߵ£ֻҸСѲ֪ҲΪʲôСΪˣðǰ;ٵΣգ㿴Ŷġ
ӷȻ˵˭ʧˣҸ㣬ҵ£ҪԼĵҷֵΪһˣҪ˵ΣҪֵҲȥֵǵ飬ֵҵ£㣬ղ飬Ҳϣеڶˡ
ӷתطȥˣ˫ۺᣬĵѵ𣡡


506 
ʱڳӷ˵·˺üͷսɽۣ֮¼Ҫؿڷͬǰ֮Уһһ𣬸ûóӷúõϢû˯þ
ȻеѾݸһ䣬Ǳһ̳ˣŻϲҲ嶯ʱ𣬷Ӳͷ񣬲ϵҳӷ鷳ӷڿԺúõϢˣ
ȻǾô࣬ӷõҲ࣬ΪŸһ˫һǶԳӷģ
죬ӷһ˳˼ţߵྩĴϣȺ˵ӵȴıȣϵ·ҲԽԽ١رЩŮٸһ羰ˡ
СڽֱߣߴſڱߵϷŴ߾ŮǵӣӦûѧӦòڴʲôҲܻǶˣΪӷ¹ԱԲ𶫰֮¡
СǵĿڳӷҪ·ʱֹͣһëС˵Ǵɷ羰ڵĺôҲܵģѵǾ𣡡
ֵǣǻȥӰɣ˵Ÿӵݵǲ桷ڷӳǿɱˣ
ԣ쿴Ů鶼ǼиˣȥӰȽˬ
ɣиվô˼ã
һãı䣬ҿӰҲˣĵʱԷǮûС
ֵǣֹǺиãǶ棬Ǳ߻мʿأ
ЩС컰󣬽ҲѾкܶ˷˲֪ʲôʱֵĺУøʿӷ磬ȻҲ⵽ˡ
ȵʱ򣬳ӷ绹е㵣ģЩɮۣ۵ļһǶұҲеɢڣӷ粢ûǵϸоκεҲ˵ǲǳӷĵˡ
Щʲô䲻˿ÿһ˵ڣ΢΢ɢһ㾢ǸƴţͬľҲ˵Щѽѽʿѽһǹߣ
ǹУرࡣôڵĹֶǣЩһﲻڸԵĵȫܵʲô
ʩĿʮ㣬һƬĺòϣ벻Ϊʦл
ͻȻ䣬һϺߵ˳ӷߣһ˵ĳӷѽ
ʦʵڲ˼ûгҵĴ㣬㻹ȥұ˰ɣ
ϧѽ̫ϧˡڵ˶ǹҵĹѾмһˣֻϣε飬ΪЩ˵ĲмҹĹ
ӷͿˣôڵĺҲˣǲӦﾲĵݷκ飬޹أڵ˵Ҳκһ˵ʲôѣƥ֮ĻˣΪڿǺƽûսģ
Ϻ뿪ˣӷҲȥЩྩԵĻʲôģѾˣҸطԵ㶫ɡ
һҷ꣬պó绰ʳӷԷûУӷֱӽǸ˹
Сʱ󣬳ϵͷ󺹵ӣӷʵ⼸Ŀ𣿡
磬ҸյϽɽ棬ģĵ绰մͨ
ҶǿˣǸղ뿴ʱ䣬Ƶڶûء
ӷ磬˵㵽һˣȥε𣿡
ʱѽҼǸ鱻ʡȥģҸӲ˹ȥ
Ľ飿ǸŮг
ɲ
ͺˣôԶȥ۸඼ûȥء
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507 ǰʱѵ1
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508 ǰʱѵ2
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ѸϷһûһģóӷͷʹЩһȥμʱкϷˣ


509 
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510 
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ФתͷΧ˿ʵС̣ûп
ûѽҲûѧУʲô
εһЩλҲμ˰ɣһСɽûб
ĳӣ
ǵġС̣֪ܲɽӷһģһǹֵĳԱ˵ǳܴμ˱ǾҲӷ磬Ҳܴ򵹼Сӵġ
Ķڹֹ֪ģû뵽ҲôܴѽǣȻ˵ɽӷһģҲӷ磬ɽҲҲɣ
˭˵ҴҲġð˳ֱྩѧĶ˵߼ױƷһףҵϢǸɲɣ
Ʒûжɽ
Ǻǣʦ󷽡ҸŶβǳӷμӱҴǣоǼүС㣬ȫμӡ
ذ˵ģФʵ
Ȼġ֮⡭УУǱǰߣ齻ǡ
ΪѧУλУȴֻЦݡ
⼸ܵʲôطȥˣ˵ѾöûѧУˣУʵ
ҿɲ˵Щģǳӷǵġ
ӷ磿ҵ𣿡
ҵȻ֪ʲôطѾҴǽӷ˵ˣྩѧƵϾྩѧһӣԲ뿴ྩѧ̫ңͽҴ˼˹ྩѧʦҲѾźһУŹˣྩѧʦݣ
Уʵӷ簲ŵʲô˹ܴ𣿡
ϻܴŹѽ
ת˵ιǿԹˡ
ĸˣྩѧ
ФһЩˣ˵ǵڹ˾İɣϴοҵʱҼǣ
ûĸǵڹ˾ĸˣʱѧУߣ˵֣ҪӮĳӦûʲô⡣
У˵ʵ̫ˡλξҪˡ
ڹ˵λУˣһᾡȫӮĳġ
ǺãǼӿӲɲҪЩСձȵƤˣ


511 ʦ
ྩѾȺˣ˵мλǫ֮̃⣬Ҳκһյءǣ˼˵ĳϣǷǳˣÿһλÿһѧУֿ˲ͬλá
Χкܶ˸Ѳţⷢκε⣬ЩνƳⳡ֪Ҫּʮڼٱ
ȻȻ˫ĴȻһʱ䵽
Ĳ̨ϣҲ˵һ칫֮ķڣɳ쵼ˣڸձɳ쵼̸˫֮Ŀȴǻҩζʮ㡣
˶֪꣬ձй˶УɵڣСձǳɱķڻѡྩƬʥؾⳡɼձйʣֻҪǸйˣܵס
뷽ɹڹԺĸ߲㣬һʮˣһװĲҲݣձɹһӣĲмΪݸϵĹϵ쵼˵ı飬пֱܻӸйձӼȭ
ձ˵ڣʹ뷽쵼һͷˮзԱԱ߸쵼ˣйձ˵Ϊһ쵼ˣôԶᣬ̫
쵼ⷬ漴һЦҲҪᣬֱй˵йĵطӦ˵йԣ㲻ᣬ㲻˵ҲûϵǵĲ𾴣ҲûҪ㡣
˻˵ձһȻЦȻй˵λղҵĲԣе֮¡
쵼ҲСӲЩձС˵ԼйСǣ󷽣Ҳܽձ˷ⳡϡ
ԭ˵йѽȻˣǾйɡ
˵δմ
ţҰԽҵȫҲԽСš
СţҿͲ֮ѽʮͣСѵйķײɣ
ˡԳСţΪҵСǹңҵĵλȽϵװˡ
λףҲ˵ûձˣȻһλ֮ⳡ
Ұ˵칫ҵŴ˿ˣͼһ߽꣬ٺģһˣһ
ҪǽձǾҪȿûǽǷıˡ
ĻߣʵС˭쵼̸ֵĵ˲졣
ҰȻ뷽ĴȻ֪뷽涼ЩʲôˡͬʱҲ֪мˣݷǳ⣬ڼһһӦ˵һԼʶģྩͷѽף֡
ղ˼ѾˣйϣҪ˵йԡͬйϣֻҪйˣʸκγϣ˵κλһСϰգҵġ˵Ķ԰ɣ
ҰһЦݣվ˵һǳˡ
˵֣γΪʲôӦ֪˰ɣ
Ұ˵׳ѾˡӣŽеҶѾźˣȫǰ׳˼ŵġ
ܺãǽǾһȿߵıְɡ
˵ͽձӵ˿
ӷ˵ܲܽⷽĳҿһ¡
û⡣
ҰĹóһ˳ӷ硣
ӷǺܲˬĿһɫ൱ѿˣûʱ쭣Ҳһ֪ӷαĹؼȻˣûҪʱзĹؼﶷʲô졣
ڳӷ翴˳֮󣬷ǰ͵ĴСеģϣͲЩʲô֮ѡ֣Ҳ˵ͽЩԹŴѧɣ˲ͬѧУߵλУҲΪ˳ķ㣬ձץסκ˵Լйǵİѱ
ӷǼ˵ֲû֮ϣóӷеʣʵ⹫ǲҲΪʲôûǵ֣
Ұûֱӻشӷ⣬ִİóһţӷ磬˵ӣţ׳ҽееģѾдҪ飬ҪʲôʲôʱҾͲ֪ˣ
ӷ翴һŷ⣬дŶӷգţȻԽдġ
ǺãͽŽˣǵ£Ȼᴦ
ڳӷ뿪֮ˬѵǹҵˣôûò𣿡
ЦλձйԹ֮ôûòءֻǼҹӵƢ̫ã̫ϲЩη֮˴򽻵Ըղ֮¡
ˣתˣȴһ仰Ҳ˵ڣѾˣһʣ˵λûʲô̸ˡϼаɡ
һ¡
ֽסͲΪʲô£ֵһ̤һȭֱӽղĵӣ˷顣
ŵɫ࣬˼
Цλãҵô
㣬㡭

ͻأһ˽һһȭǰ˹ȥ
顣
ȭͷԣǹ˼ǰһ꣬ձĴͳɫװɢһڲͬϢ
йҲˡߡ
˵˵߾ߣɼһ㡣
ҰʵŽô
ģңȿȡû£
һֻԼؿڣղ֮ȭ֮£Լ˭Ȼ̼䱻Էƽˣ
СӣǲǺҰʵ
˫ۺݺݵĿȥİ꣬˵ǸԵĸ֣֮ڣȡĸ֣
ɣŽǾеɢСӾȻ֮ȡձĲѡ֣ǵѡֲǺΣ𣡡
ģгڣձӣǹšᣬǺÿ
Ұе㵣ģڵ֮ʱһƬӦǸղձġ
ƬҰԱߵķԱʵдʲô
ŮԱղѾŻ˵ҰʱŷӦ˵پɣ
پɣ
ֽŮԱƸ˹˫еĿƣ˵ձһʦپɣ


512 1
ⳡձѾʼˡ
һ붼йˣһСģձˡȻΪ˷ֹⳡǹڼ֣뷽Ҳ¹⽫ձĹ߰һȽϰȫλϣйĹ߸˿мһǽڵţ˫ôҲͻ
̨ڷλãλйĲμѡģΧҲйĹ졣ձѡ֣ȫλãǱߣûһձĹ죬Ҳ뷽ģձĹйϣ벻ŭейҲܲˣǰྩ̤ƽЩձ첻ɡ
ȻոտʼǵһϳľͲǲѡ֣ǲУĴ
Ĵ̨ϸ˵˼仰ݼͬʲôһڶģɲձĴﶼҪԷܡ
֮󣬲ԱҲ˵һ±ĹЩУȫǹ֪ʿûһйˣҲûһձˣΪ˱Ĺƽ
ӷ缸ûгڳϣȺУΪڻǳӷϳʱ򲹣ҲҪ۲ձһһһӷϣձⳡǼ٣ĳʲôıĻǳӷ缸˾ҪһʱֹҲ˵ӷ缸˳ǽĺ򲹲ѡ֮󣬻һر񣬱ϵİȫҲսӳĵڶ
磬Щȭȵһ˼ûУйɢձĿֵûʼҸǬȥȥɡ
ƴţʵס̨ЩȭȵıݣǴ˯ɣ
ӷҲ֪ȻǱ߽񽻸ԼˣǾͲҪԼ˹ſϷģ黹ҪԼôԸ⣬ϵ˹ҵͲòܣ
ǺãɽȥΧ߶һ°ɡţҪסȥ۲һձֺеĵת
磬ĺˣҶأġ
⣬Ǵһ£ձ棬Щʲô֡ν֪֪ˣܰսʤ
ӷ˵꣬ͼѾ˱װ˳ӷߡ
ӣ㵣ĵ飬淢ˣ
ӷʵŽ֪ձЩ֣
˲֪ղ뿪ʱһɾôһѾӦˣ
ʲôˣ
پɣձһʦ
ƴţЦȡĺáв־ջɵ͸ˣ
ţ˵ءѲˬִ񣬻ƴţô˵˵
СѣǱûǸپɵϣ
ҡҡͷ˵ûУֻЩرʿϣձ飬ǿɲȥ顣
پɣһձô򵥡
ӤҰͻȻ˳ӷߣӷҲ֪һ˵ձ£ӤҰֵģҲͷǳϰߵʵ˵˵֪پɡ
پɱһߣҲǱձ֮Ϊŵߣֵ˽Ϊһ壬Գһʮ꣬ձѡУΪ˰ΪõĳԱ
壿ôձЩ壬𣿶һճԱ˱ء
ļ岻һһȫŮ˵ļ壬ÿһԱûѪԴϵģǱŵģǹ¶ǸͲȥںʲôղյġپҲ⼸յΨһһԳԱΪپѧϹ˵츳ɣʮİº󣬰صԹĸ߳پɲס̶֮ڣѾΪ˰֮ĵһ֣ûһֱڰ壬ЩŮΪ裬Ƿصձ磬ƾ˵츳ڰѧΪձϵʦ
ӤҰĽóӷΪԾԾģپɵ츳ǸپΪʲôμεձĿǰ˵Ǻڵǰ׵磬ǸɥĲ߱ɱֵľظסˣΨձԹ廹ľصĿ֮⡣˵ձⳡľйصĻپɵĵҲ˵ľѾշձе壬շ˰壬پʦݣӦòܹг֣óӷ֪ģ
ɼӷɫѿȻ֪ӷڵʲô˵ӷ磬ϣľձͿԸձԪײˣʵ̫Ӵ󣡡
ӷ˵ȲҪô¶ۣϾֻҵĲ²⣬ⳡ׻᲻ľйĿǰ֪ɲôйԲ䡣ˣţȥ˽һ£ձǸپ֮⣬ʲôĸ֣Ҫ죬ΪҾⳡܻӵڶģ죬ͽĻ


513 2
ʱһĹڵҲѾ˸߳й·ձֵıݽ󣬲иѡֲͬķǣȴΪ˲Ӱѡֵ̬ڲڸĴ󣬾Եȵȫٽ÷ָǰ÷ֽĹĵ÷ߣĹʤ
ȻЩӷ粢ϣΪӤҰе֪Ǹپɵ֮󣬳ӷţֻҪپһһˣԴձвѡ֣Ҳ˵йѡֵˣͬһˣپɣ
ӱϿձһηǳ棬ƽ֤ĴԵ÷ֵĸߵͶʤм˻ȥ룬ʤͲڷָ߷ֵף˭̨վáҲ˵һѡϵܺü֣Ǿ֤ʵ˵۾ѩģйձ˭˭ף˭˭ģֻҪһѡֵϣͿԿĺ
һڶԶ𣬻𣡶ңεҲֻеһڶڶҲһ
ƴţת˺üȭصӷ֮ʱȴһ
磬Ѿͨܶ෽ȥ˽һǵĲѡ֣ȴûǵĿеõκϢ
ʲôû
ǵģЩһͿǮвķǾ˵
Ǭ˵һǿԿ϶ġ
ʲô
ձĸֻ֣һ
һ
ûղձǱһ˵йļһﲻС˵©죬˵йٶҲûãΪϣȺƾ仰ҾͿԿ϶ձĸֻ֣һǼһҲͲ˵ʲôȺ֮Ļˡ
ӷ˻ƴţһۣʵΪʲô˵ʲôû
ûע⣬
ţǹϵҹͬʱҲϵйǻƼǹңֽǴӹܱģҲ˵һձΪ˵ģЩҡ
磬ģĲѡôֻҪһϳ˵СǱ߾һ֣ǸľܹҲ
̾ʹɣڶǲסϵĹһ棬ûϷˡ
ӷ˰֣˵ܲôţþţҿɲϣʱүһˣ
˶עϵѾйɢձֵˣÿһ˵۾˿תƣ´˾ʵһĻ
ڳһˣȴأ˫ûȥϣǿųӷ硣
ӷ磬е㻰˵ܸܲҳȥһ£
Ľ鿴ųӷ˺һھӷѻ˵ˡ
ɳӷʱȥ̸ѽ˵飬Ѿ˰Ȼ˫ŭҲѾˡձĸʱϳʲô£ǵȱ˵ɣ
Ľ˫¶ۣȴûһ˷ˣ
Ǻðɣҿ㽫ⳡߡ
һߡ֣ڳӷÿһ˵ζʲôΪû˻ȥʲôĽᣬȴ̲סĵӷ磬ҾͲٸһˡһʱ䣬κ飬һõĻ䡣Ҳڲ֮ңʹңΪҵļ壬Ϊ˲үүʧˣ˿࣬ұ밴˵ȥ
Ľ龲˳ӷ󣬿ųӷıЩЩ飬Ⱳǲ˵ˣҲˣ±ӵĻϣܸʶֻһͨĲͨĳƶν
õģСӸʲôѽѽתKѽģˣ
ƴţֽģԱߵĳ˵ܲܰһ㣬ֲ㼤ʲôѽ
ãģȴţ˳һЩĸʶǡ
ɲҪţʱˣǺܶ˵ģ
䣿ţҿǾС˵ǿ޵ˣ
ֻ뽫ƴţ˵ˣձ淢ʲô⡣
˿̣ձɳĴڸʲôԼ֮󣬲Աֳ˵λձĴһҪǾһһĴȥʵ̫ʱˡߣձѡֶйеˮԣձĴҪһʤ֪йĴͬͬ⡣
Ӣˣ˵ҲӢ˫ֳ룬ڳÿһˣҲ˼
Ұߵ˲ڵλãҲ֪Ǹ˵ЩʲôȻִһ绰ڵ绰ҶϺ󣬸ղӢ˵ãйҲѾͬձҪ󣬾һʤձҲ˵ˣֻɳһ˳ѡձе̳Ϊ˶йĹƽձͬйԶս٣һӵϣֻһϡ
ţǾԵšƣձƣ˵ˡ
ȫй˶ŭĽ˵ģձмĶĶҲûƵģ⣬ǵĿģй˵ķŭйŭһ֮йвѡȫ򵹣ձͿ˳ĸȫ磬ձڡ
ǳӷڴһĻ
һɫձͳװ̨꣬꣬ձһʦپɡ
پ̨֮󣬺ձˣձͬʱɫĳ֧ײϣдһ֡
ȺеĳӷڼձײʱһȻ˫ðŭ⣬쵰
󣬻ƴţˣЩߣҲһȫվÿһ˵ķŭڳӷ֮¡
ҰĴ˫ȭյĽģЩ֧ײϵȭݴأ߻ĴĹӣҲ̫ˣ


514 3
Լҡ
ȻӤѾͷŵֱѾɳ󺰵СӣȻǵĹš⹫Ͻ˵ྩȥЩСȫץͳͳǹˡ
Խ̽ԼŮһ˵˵ʲôأڿǿԵıȫ˶ڿţǹҿɲ˻ѾͷƽʱЩԺȥˣҺ˵˵
ƽʱȻӤѾͷ˷񲻽ѵǣΪţһֽѾͷҲ˵ǵġڣ޲ûӵĺԣЦ
ŮԼҵѪԡ
֣ôǣѾͷ軵ˣ֪ɱɱġ
̣Ǻ£һŰ֮ģʲôá
Ѿͷͷ˵ѾͷǲõģⲻǻǵĴӷһʰЩСӵġ
˵ǲģ´ţǼһﻵ¡֮ǰ˵ˣţǬǶͳģһ˳ǷΡ˵үүүүҲڼΪµأ
ЦЦԽ˵죬㿴ⳡĽôģ
Դӱ俪ʼڣԽ춼Աû˵ôһʣԽȻѿڶ裬ǾͲܵˡ丸ӣǳûһصһС̫أҪҰƨأ
죬㻹Ϊӷ鵣ģ
֣ҲǵģȻ֪ӷʲôΪʲôأ㲻ңҲӦֹѽ
£Ӧø˵ĺˣ˼Ҳҵ˼Ϊ⹫ȻҲԼӣܶ飬Ҳܹ⿴һ棬Ӵȥ㿴Ļġ
ǡ
׳˰ݷá
Ŷ˭ʱܹѽ
Ƿ졣
죿ôͻȻܵˡˣȥɣ
һᣬӴԺ˽ȻӤѾͷ˷죬͸ƴţһǲˬ
ǼҸշĺûʲô顣죬⹫ʲôȻӤʵ
ȻӤԽԽˮˣĶϲˡЦ
ޣҪǸɲ죬ס
Ѿͷǿͣ񡣡ͽѵ
ʵѽôͻȻˣ
үү̣λ԰̣ǰר̸ˡ

Խò׻ؾһˣᣬû뵽ˣ
콫񻹿ЦѵҪĻүү֮飬Ҳ͡
֣ûļ˵Ϊڿϵݺʵ˵ˡ
죬òڸǿЦɣҪȢĽݼҵѾͷ
ԽĽöһ㶣ͬʱһŵӿŷ졣
үүĸҸЦѽҸĻ£үүʱ͸ĽүүģڣĽүүҲѾͬҸ飬ͶϣҲΪձԭ˵ʱ䣬ӦͰġ
Լҵÿһˣû˵ÿһ˵ɫÿ
˭֪ǳӷĵˣӷҲǷĵˣ˵Ľ޸˷죬ĽݼҼм䣬ʱ
֪ԼһķӦҲ˵ʲôүүϣ̣λ԰㵽ϾҽүүΪ飬үү֮Ҳܸ˵ġ
Цһ£첻ٴţʹ˸ǡ
ͷӣ˵ĽݺǲϺͿˣôܴӦأ˵
ĽݺϺͿû취Ӧ˱˵£һһѹ֮˵£ܲհ𣬲Ȼᱻ˵лģ
Ǻӡ
ˣ˵£ĺܡ
Խʵ֣ҪҪȥ
ȥȥڿʼĻ֮ǰҾմţ˭Ҳܸ߳Ű벽˭ңκһˣ
Խ̾˿˵ԽԽˡҲȥܣôôɣ
һ俴ĺúõģڣ˭Ҳû鿴ˡ
ȻӤѾͷܵԺˣǶطȥˣ˵ǿɲ޸ǻ쵰
ǣһҪ֪ͨ磬һҪؾ߲ؾ
˰ɣֻҾʹûͨྩҪϵˡ
ô죿ѵǲ𣡡
ȻҪܡȻϵ磬Ǿһˡ
˭
Ѿͷ໥˿ȻͬʱЦͬʱµǸˣ
ܲ
۸ոտһᣬص칫ңڴֻ
һӵ绰ЦȻӤǲ鲻ѽ
̷򣬳ˣؿɳˡ
ȻӤ𼱣ʲô¸̷˵ǲѾͷھǴʲô£ߴ̷򣬴̷Ǵ
ǵġ̷򣬿㻹Цĳһϱˡ
ʲôȻӤ̷˼
ģҪ޸ǻ쵰ˡϵ磬⹫ֲǳŰ벽ֻˡ̷㻹ϵһ´磬һҪֹҵĻ°ɣ˾ˡԻһˣΪ⹫˵ڵˣڸƣֻһˡ
ۺΣ˵ȻӤ´̷֪ˣǾͷڼţ⹫ĻҪܡĽݼѾͷ飬̷ᴦġ
˵绰֮󣬳۽˽
ȥྩӷ硣
ʨʲô𣿡
ڻ죬һ
죿
šӷӦûȥڡ
ʨˣϴʮФȥһ֮
۰˰֣˵ˡӷԼ飬ԼֻҪ͵Ϳˡ
˵꣬۵һӣһ׹ǰ漴һѴɫľ޽˳۵С
񽣣ʨھҪ𣿡
ӷѾͨؿĿ飬ӦÿԼԦѽˣ˵ѽҲѾ𲻵κˣʱ򴫸ӷˡ
˵ͷӹ޽߳˰칫ҡ


515 4
ȭݴأ߻ĴŵĻڹ⣬Ҳܶȴû˸˵ڡ
پɾȻҽ仰ڳѾôˣսձйս
ƴţһĵϳ˼ѺۣҪ̨پɴףѣ˵Ĵ󻰣Ҫش۵ġ
ţ¡
ӷһȻԼҲǳߣӷȴ嶯ھͳȥϾĿǰΪֹûپɵʵӲ֪پɵı󣬵׻治
磬Ƕȵͷˣѽ
ֳôˣôѡûг㼱ʲôˣǿǺ򲹣ңȫɶڿţѵȥƿڴһȻһϵеķ汻³𣡡
磬ĺˣǲ᷸ġ
ȿɡ
зĲѡߣüĹѾͲסˣǫ̈̄ȥȫĹڣҲǴķŭÿһйˣ뽫̨ϵپɸֳϣҲֻ֪ķȥŵձСӣһ
йˣǷǳǵģȻųƴţļһ⡣

һֻһɫӰһ̨֮ϡ
Լʮ꣬һɫװɢϢ
λһСձҪǶ֣һԡ
ֹס˺ѡ֣ЩѡҲԱֹסˡ
֮ǰѾ˵ĺзԲͣϳȴȺӣپҲ˼ģôţҲԴһ֮սڳй֡
磬ӥû´ĻѧģӦӥצɣ
پɾȻ˵һйܵһϳ̨ѧʲô书һʵ򵥣йѧҲǳ˽⡣
ڸһᡣһͷϴҴͷϴ
ߣҶѡҿ㻹ȹ˵ɡ
УаңҾ֮ڣ㡣
ڳһӥצļƣֱپɡ
Ⱥеĳӷһ˱۾˵ӥӥˡ
У˰ɣǬ̾
һϳپɵжӲס׼ȷ˵پֻһУһУѾ³ˡԱûپûз棬ΪĶʵ̫ˡ
磬㿴ûУһﷸˡ
ȷپһ־ͳҪǷķʽǣڲп£ҲǷ
ܰ쵽һ㣬ҲҪķˡҲãȻԷѾǾͰĶˡ
ֵܣû°ɣ
̨ƲأپҲɵй̨ɱˣղŵһУһڹǶѡ
λԲңҡ
ֵܣʲô˵ˣȥҽԺ飬ǡ
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ӥצǰԣ̫ɵˣһһ³پɣȴûƵġ
ҰѾǽŵҪɲѽһˣǾ͵˹ҵӣ
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ܺãµĸɮ䵱ĵй̩ɽˣڣҾ͡
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ʦǿǧмơһ֪λйе̩ɽֻҪʤλǽҲͲٴˣձй̩ɽʤ㹻ʸ˵
˵˵ڹѾʱˣӷĿǰ֣Ǿֻúڹȥ̽һپɵʵˣ
лʩѣĸǵĹˡȻǲѡ֣ǽͽλˡ
ڹ˵ͷ˵ʦһٸġ˵ձֻһʮ֣ҲֻܴйĹȥ
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СӣղŵţҲɵ˰ɡ
ڹֱָپ˵
ĸߣҲգǣһϰɡ
Ը㣬Ҫ֣һԡ
Ｆ棬ɽ³ղһͬϳֻΪ˸پɣз֣ճ֣֮ǰֻСڳˣˣˣˬˣҲ͸ùˡ


516 5
ڹǵϵߣļ𲢲ߣ϶پû˿˽⣬˫̨϶ţڹ˵
һǿͬǵذ㣬ڹѹ˹
پɵһҲûжΪ֪ⳡУԼȥִ򵹵ĻԼһ᷸棬㣬ǻƴţǼˣپҲͬԣپһַԵУǾǣڵɢ˺ڹû˿ʱѹס
ļһû뵽Ǹ֮⣬ҲߣѹֵһۼǾܿǵݣ
پɾȻҲǸߣӵձ洫֣ʵѽ
ǿںڹΧɢһĵ⣬úڹΪԾڹǵϵߣپɣȻһͬΪϵߡ
ôܳԾ𣿵ڲ֪ҲǵϵߣȴѾˣҪ֣͹̫Уĵ˷ʧܵԭ򡣡
顣
һͨĵ⣬پɵ˫ֱкڹؿڡ
ڹǿĵУ峯ȥһҪ̨ˡ
ˣûʸ̨ϡ
پԼٶƶ˺ڹǰȫȫһ֮һںڹϣ㲻ҲҪȥ
˿̣ＦֹҲپ˵Լ̫ˣŻ³
پɵָով֮ǼŭȺУһŭ
һĴʱֵСձ
ӷ˳ִԼ½ǳһ鲼סԼȫֱȫ綼ܿĳ棬ӷɲâ¶Լһأκ˿ԼòǳӷҪġ͸ϴεҩ¼һ˶֪һҽĴڣɵڣû֪ҽݡ
飬飬顣
ӷͻȻ˺ڹǰһֽڹһˣＦ̨֮½ס˵ĺڹ
ɣô˵˵һȥˡһ㣬ĻгֵĻᣡƴţˬԼ˷ôʱ䣬ѧһĹ򣬿ɵ˱ֳȴûϳĻᶼûУٲ̫ܡ
˵Ȼӷѡʱ֣Ǿһ⡣ǸپɱձһĴձ֮һĴˣղţչֳߵݣǻδĵϸ֮ǰòҪȥðա
̨֮ϣӷһֻ־ͽپһƸһûپȴ
֣Եĸ֡
һƬзôѡְͬһ֣֮ڳÿһˣڵӻǰÿһ˶ҲϣΣʱ̣νӢɱû뵽νӢۣͳˡ
ȻӷмȥʲôӢۣΪӢ۵Ľ̫ңԹҲûκһϷҪ³ġӷֻ֪ձεıᣬǲ⡣پɣİ壬ǲѾձɽľظշˡ
ϳӣҪҵˣˡ
پһĪĻóӷ粻ҲҪףֻҪپɴձͿˡ
ٷϻжٽȫóɡʮ֮ڣ죬ϼҡ
ʮУŵӸˣЩСձȫͻϼң
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ӷ磬Щ飬㲻Ҫ̫ࡣеǣҲ㣬Ҹ֮ǰҼʶʵ˵ʵûôǿǽ죬㲻ò𰸣ҪҴ̨ϴȥ
áҾȲ죬ٲ㡣
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أ
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ⲻܣ
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ȫһƬɳĴҰҲһλӣ治һܴô򵹵ģԼ
ڣˡ
ৡ
ӷһֳֻץ˵ղŲмһ˵ӥצڣҾļʶһй
飬飬顣
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ơ
飬飬顣
ƣصĴپɵؿڡ
پֵĻᶼûУ˾ɳһֻаķݡ
ôܲ㲻Ҫȭݴأ߻Ĵھ͸㣬ʲôݴأʲôǿĻĹ
ۡ
پɿһѪӷȴûֹͣˣһ̫֮ʽһãپɸƵڵء
ձĴپɱĺ޻֮پɿԼձò뵽ģձеĽʲô£Լ޷ȥ
УϽס֡ǣձˡ
ǰֹס֣ѾӮˣҪٴˡ
˵ס־ס֣ҸǣйеһУй˵㣬ʹ˭Ҳֹҡ
ģСֵܣɡ
ѽˣ£ȫй㿹
ȫһƬ󺰴Уȫֳ֧ӷ罫پɸеġ
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һ𣬱ģгӷ
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ãҳȫ㡣ܱסĻ賿ྩҡձⳡ䣬ˣһ̿ʼٱһйձĻҼһһ


517 ʬ
ʱʲô飬һǽˣǺܿͻᱻ
ձ˵ͻȻֿ죬Ȼйһʱļ飬ǾͻȥѰһݼ飬֮ǰǷݼԨ֮С
ջصҵĳӷһ˶ûУҲ֪ʲôطȥˣƴţֻҲͨ
ȻûˣֵϣӷȥϢһᣬȵ賿ʱһҪԼ
ɡ
ս뷿䣬ӷͼڴ򿪵ĴϣǿҹƵġ
Сʱǲʧ٣ö춼ûҵ
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Ӵһ˫ɫ۾һգһգģ䲻࣬ƽ໰Ľȴ˳Ĭӷ绹е㲻̫ϰߡ
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ʱ䲻øˣʮСʱ˷ˣΪ˱ܣɱ˱ǡ



518 ǷģҪ
賿һӷǧֹ飬߳ྩȥСʱʱ䣬ͷ
ʱΣྩĳѾˣȥ˴󲿷ֵԵⶼеҹӵİ
ڴŵм䣬ǵȺˣһӣһɫװꡣվŵģǰ꣬ϣ˵ԣġ
û뵽ôӲҴסԺġ
ӷӵǰȻپɣˣձɵйĴ
ӣ̨֮϶л飬Ҳ뿪̨
پأɫȴûһʹı飬ǴһЦݣԱߵҲûΪ׺ݵųӷ磬㣬ӷе⡣
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˶٣پ˵˵֮ǰұҪһ
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ӣձεıѽˣ˵ĳףѵǾͲ»صձ֮󣬻ᱻ𣿡
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ûǵ񽣡ʨֳִ˽޵£ڵʨ˽ϣٴչֳʨ֮Ҫû˴˽
ҰΪʲôҪ彣ң
ѵ֪𣿡
֪ʲô
Ȼ֪ҲԡҪϻܲǱ߻кܶʹ˸ˡ
˵꣬ת˱Ҳûȥشӷ⡣
ǰѾ޽ӷ罫ǧɢ΢΢׹⣬һϦħѵʵ֪ǿ˶ٱǣӷ粢ûиоѾ޽淨֮ϲκεԼЩȫͬı
һ𴲣ǻһ侲ԼĮֽ۵彣˹ӷɲɵУһʲôԼ֪顣
ţ˵ǲַʲô£
磬ҡ
Сӣұ졣˵
Сѣǻҡ
ӷ磬ǲ㣬ֻԼûãԼں飬Ǹʲôá
һˣҴ绰飬ɱʵˡ
Ϸ˵ôˣ˶Ѿھˣʲôá
ʲô˼
ƴţ˵ʵ̲סˡ磬βҲ㣬ʵ̫ˡ㶼Ҫˣ㵹ã˯ڲ
˵ʲô
ӷ͵ǰһץס˻ƴţ·ʵղ˵ʲô˵һ顣
˵ҪˣҪ޸ˣ𣿡
Цˣôܼ޸죡
ƴţһԼӷһ䣬ʵ˵ģòİɣ
˵㿪Цӷ磬㣬ʱǲл˵Ϸʵ
ңҡ
˵ӷѽӷ磬㻹ûһġ㵽ྩ֮Ƕô㣬ֻҪ飬Ĵ鲻ƴġںˣˣݲͬˣλȨˣͲǰɡҿǻԶһȽϺãҪʱǶʶˡ
Сѣں˵Щʲôҳӷ𣡡
㲻ǣϲ˵Ļѽϸһؾȥ
Ǭ˵һȥһҲ޸죡
ӷʵʲôʱʼ
ƴţشϰ˵㣬Сʱ
ȫҴɣ׼ֱϻؾ
ӷ磬һȥ
ҲԣȻû£һûҲû˵ǷģȢ飬ʹͬͬ⡣ڣǷôΣҶûȥҹǣΣǱҵġ
о޽һӣӷֱ߳˱
ܵſڣеһҪȻҲˣ


520 ϽǷ粨1
ǵ̨ݣۼžͷ뷽쵼ˣҲȫ֮⣬кܶλȥ׳Ҳ˹Щ֮ԻͬʱͬһطԭֻһǾǲμһһκ˶ӵĻ
ڶʮǰѾû䣬Ϊڣڵ֮Ĵڣھǣм˸Ҳڷģ죬һļ̳ˡ
һֳյſڣһģȻӭӿ˵ɸⳡе㲻ͬվſӭӿ˵ģֻɸɵļ£ﻹδ
﹫ӣϲϲѽڿȢ˹ˡ
곯죬ҲǹݵĴſ˹ȫǾӵܣҲη˷ݣλӾٰŮĽݼҵĴС㣬ЩӵҲӡ
һɫװ˭һЦݣǲ׵ˣҲЦԶԡ
λѾ׼ˣϯɡ
Լǰļӵ˵
ЩӵȫߵãȻ볡дˡ
үĽүӸĽѾڷĽСĹˣŽⳡ񣬾Բʲôġ
վڷЦڷҴô꣬ǷŮˣǳҲ֪Լʲôݣ䲻ϷġڣȢĽ飬ҲˣΪҪǣֻҪĽݼˣǾܵõĽݼҵǹͬʱҲ𽥵ļԼҵ
һôˣû˲֪˵ĽĵģһŮ˸컹ǷֵصģԼҸڶʮǰĻķ粨󣬷ѾԼҵ˵ˣΪԼҵ̫󣬶ԼҾ͵ڶҡ˹ҵĸڵԼҡ
񣬿ԽⳡףΪĽݼҵŮպʲô飬ĽݼҲ죬ҲᷴȥԼҵġ
ܣĻԾõģҲϣκβõ鷢
үģһҶѾ׼ˣ˵Ӧòʲô¡ңҲѾˣŲκ˸µġ
ԼҷûУ
ûСԼҷ浽ڶûһ㶯ҲѾ˹ȥ˺üΣԼҵĴŽգ濴صľ˵ү⼸岻ǺܺãܸϲˣĽãҲˣҪڼչүӡ
˵νһ֮ˣȻװʲôѵһ᲻֪𡣡
үԼҵȻûɻƼңҸϼҵ˶ˣҲĳǳĽݼҵģͲҪϲү㡣
ôҲںҪǣҽȢ顣ˣܣҲȥд˰ɡ
ǣү
֮ܽڷһ˵үһ׳ˡ
ǰӭӣͼһӳ͵ĺ쳵ͣ˹ſڣ׳ڼϺڵı£ӳ
үүǵþˡ
ѽĴ֮գүүģܲء
үүϯѾźˣϯɣȿ˵֮󣬻Ҫүүⳡء
ֻүүȻˣ׳Ȼ岻ãҲѾңĻһϲ㡣
үүϵ׳ûµģȻһȥ˼ҵġ
Աߣּ˹һ˼׳˵ǰȥš
ӵӻ治һĴѽ׳ˡ
ɲǣ˵λ׳ֻġ
ҪĽˣҪ֪ҶʮǰǸԼƽƽģΪҹ˺ܴĹסΪʮǰǳʣš
ϸѽѾȥˣǾͲҪˣǾļɻ䣬׳λ׳ˣǻ벻죡
ʱĹȥѾߵˣʼаСʱ
ݵһ䷿ڣĽɴ˫ͨ죬ɳһҲ
Ľݺڷ߶ţҪԼıŮ޳ȥˣ޵ĻһԼ̫ϲˣ˵ʵĽݺ治Ը⡣ǣȻѾµףĽݺԵĻҪЦ
Ľ˲ᣬСʧȥĸ׵үү̣иһִģĽҲһǳϵ֮µŮˣֻҪǼʲô£ԻһվģҲΪʲôĽӦŻµҪԭ
ͷӣ鶼ѾҪˣͲҪ˵ЩõĻˡ̵Ĳ޸ʲôˣֻҪҸͿˡ
ĽݺӵԱ߱߿ޱ˵
Ľݲ˵֣裬ҲѾĲˡĴ֮գǻȳȥкһ¿˰ɣ뵥˵顣
ǺáͷӣǾȳȥɡ
Ľݺӷ뿪ĽݲĽߣ˵Ůѽ֪㲻޸죬ȻŻүү׿ڴӦģΪһǲġˣѾָ֧ˣߵĻ־Բ㡣
Ľ߿ޱЦ֣֪ʹϧңѾûǸҪˡڵң޸˭һ
Ľݲ̾˿˵Ůྩ˺ܶ𣿡
ûУ֣㲻ҪҲˣྩǳãֻҲô˽ΪԼүүʧˣүүһĲ֮
С֪֪£
֪֪ҲѾҪˡ֣Ů޵ӣϣЦ߳ȥȻŮҲЦģЦȥˣȥԷ죡
ĽݲŴ򿪺һһ˵ĽʱѾˣĽСӦóˡ
Լҡ
Լ鷿дŴ֣͸ԽĽͬʱ߽鷿
û̧ͷȥԼӸŮϱ߿ٵĻдŴֱʵǱ߽еôˣ
Խ̻شѾ쿪ʼˡ
ӷأ
Խشϣӷڵ֪Ҫ޸ֱ̳֮ϻؾˣѾ쵽ˣ
ӷһ˻ģ
ǵġ
еëʷϣ˵ʲôûУ
ˣ񽣣
ȻӤѾͷ֪ͨ۵ģ
Խ˵֣Ѿͷʵ̫ˣѾǸǣӷ˶Ѿ쵽Ҫôȥֹ
ΪҪֹ
ֵ˼ǡ
ҹӷ缸鷳
ˣǷŵġ
һΣԼңʲôܡ̫ţ绰ϻǣǵʲôûڣ浱ԼҺ۸ˣ鷳ɻû


521 ϽǷ粨2
ϰ˵ڵĻҲѾʽʼˡ
õıͣһףľϾÿһ˵Ļеһ£ڳǷ˸йڣ߸Ľʲôìܣⳡǡ˵ˣˣĽݼǱߵˣȫйĶʣЩţ˵ǰк˵ҷġ
̨֮ϣ˿̣ϯĻư켸λүҲΪĽеˣȻưǶ֪ⳡǷһԸǣĽ鲻޵ĻĽݺӾͻᱳһ̫һӢҲܻΪ»һ
գ۾͹˶ʮˣ뵱ĽݴӦŻµʱѾͷżѽǺҲδû뵽һ˶õĻڻڽˣ
үиУһһĽ飬ԼСӵڶû治֪Լʲôʱ̫үү
ү˵˵˵ⳡܲ˳ɣ
ϣ⻰ʲô˼ⳡĽ׿ڴӦģѾͷѾˣҲ˵鲻ĽΪһĳȻ˫ͬ˵飬ôܻ᲻˳أ
ү˵Ҿ˵ûⳡ񣬻пܻᷢʲô⡣ΪΪֹҶûԡ
ϻƣ㲻˵ҶˡڸʲôѽΪʲôڻԼҸҿ˵ڵ귢˵㲻飬컹˵ġ
ˣѾˣү˵
ôͻȻ任ˣԵʲô˼
ڼλү֮ʱһ˴Ա˹һֻݵ˻үǰ׳׳ĵ绰
ɣԻ̲ס绰ˡ
үӽ绰֮ɫǶʱޱ䣬ֱӽֻԱߵľˣ̾
ϻƣô˵ǲүʵ
ƨ֪Ҳˣ¿ɺãһܾͻ˽վӣⲻˣ
үһ˵үӸүһֲõԤС
ϻƣԵ׸˵Щʲô
Ҳû˵ʲôֻ˵᲻ܷʲô£ʲôûȾƾͶȾƱˡ
ˣԽôˣѵᷢʲô²ɣ
λүӶɫѿҲʱ̨ϵɿʼ˵ˡ
죬лλλ쵼λܲμҵĻڴˣ˵л
˷磬ЦݿһһֱͷĬĽ飬˵Сʧȥˣʮڳλڸչˣ˶飬ΪպֻҪҪĵطֻҪ˵һ춨ȫԸȻһҪлλҪ⼸λҲڳ˶ϤģǾǣүӣүӣүӣүӣĽүӸ׳춭⼸λүӾͷǳչ죬ֻҪҪʱλүӶһʱ֣ǣүүʱĺѡսѣүүеļ뿪ҲΨһˣԣڽ죬Ҫλүү˵һ֮
䣬ϯļλүһ
òϣ죬治һ㣬жô԰ģ˵ģȫ
ڣĿˣѾȫˣڴˣҲǳлҸӣǰ֤İ׷֮Լڣ׳Ľүү̨Ϊֻ񡣡
Աƶ˿ĽҲε߶˼
ϯϣ׳ĽݺͬʱվһɣһȻǷǳҪ
ƣ롣
׳Ȱɡ
һ𡣡
ãһ𡣡
λүȫ֮£ߵ̨ǰҲ˽˷͵ǵС
ƣڵзĻΪŮĳȻҪ˵˵ɡ
Ľݺ˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôɴ׳ȥ˵ɡ
׳Цһ£᲻֪ⳡɡĽݺӾôһŮĽ鵱ҪʹĽ޸һ֮ˣĽݺ˵
ɼȻѾվ׳Ҳܻ˳ѽ
ʱսǿĹңʲôΪҪ˲ţҵĶ㣬ڳλӦú⺢ӣҲ֪кܴҲҹĶ֮ţ뵳УΪᣬǱһλѧԺҷǳպǰ;Ҳ޿죬Ϊˣ֤ˣҪ˵ķǳ֮࣬Ҫһΰѻ˵꣬´סҲµģԣһֱⳡ񣬻ʽʼɡ׳أ
׳֪ĽݺҲ˵ʲôȻ˵ǾͲ˵ˣ鶼Ѿˣ˵⣡
ĽݺӲװһЦݣ˵ͷ˵ʼɣ
סĽ飬ߵĽݺӸ׳ߣ˵ʲôʱӴſڴһ
˶û룬ѵӾ뼱ⳡ𣿡
ĳ֣һʱûүǼһˣҲڴ˿̣תͷȥմӴſ߽һ꣡
ү˵ϻƣϣᷢʲô£޹ءɱǺȡ
ڼӷֺ󣬲ûһ⣬ǳ߿һ£ߣߣұߣżˡ
ԭǳӣʵڱǸΪ֪ྩû͵үү԰յģǣ˻δ
ӷԷ죬ЦǲûϵֻҪҵ˾ˡ
ʵڱǸˣΪĿ̫࣬ûȳҸĻѾʼˡ
û£ҲǸСˣӲʲô÷﹫ӵһˣеĿ˰ɡ
ȻףҲͲˡڳˣһ֤Ļɡ
֤Ļʷӣ˵ҲϲƵģҲ֤ⳡģ֪к뷨
ӣ²̫˼
ҲҪסȻѾˣ֤ĻǲٵġӣҲ֪˴Сϰˣʲôصҽ͸ȴǳҪġ
ĽڼӷʱлΪ֪ӷΪʲôϲԼǻĽʹֹⳡĽԿ˭֪ӷ磬Ѿ˵ģ
׳ǰʵӷ磬֪Ҫʲô죿
ȻǴ񡣡
ӷתҰ̧
ĸ󺺣̨һĶӴȻ̨ģⶫĴС֪
ڳÿһ˶Īǲ̫˵㣬ЩʶӷӵܻʵС˭ѽôʶһСӣط׳󡣡
ǣȰ˵Сһ㣬Ϊλɲܵġ
Żң⾩ǣ˷﹫Ӹͷţ֮⣬Ҵû˭ڹ
ǰһ󣬿֪λ֮󣬿¾Ųˡ
˵˵˭ҵˣ
ԱһŮ˵Լҹӣеӣȥһ¡
Լң˵үӵ
ûݱȷ컹Ҫĳӣ̫ӡ
ĸ󺺽̧˳ӷ󣬳ӷˣǮȻ͸ˡ
ӣôҸ飬ʵڶлѽ
ӣר̴ྩ͸ģûķݡ
Ŷʲô
ӷһֽϵĴ첼˿һչֳȫˣȫɵۡ
ӷ磬ʲô˼
ӷЦΪǵʱ޶࣬ԣ⸱ײģΪİ֮ӣɡ


522 ϽǷ粨3
˹ײģڣҲֻЩС˵вųֹʵУȻҲһΡ
ȫһƬྲûһ˵ǲ˵
ڻˣѾкܶķƨ˵ƨļһվ˳ӷݰһԼңѾڳκһ˶ﲻģοһңǸûܵġ
ɫ࣬ųӷĹײģѾҧס촽ݺ˵ӣҵģ
ôԵ飬ѵҪ˵𡣡
ӷɫһ䣬˫¶׹⣬ɢһǿҵɱһҰ޵Ϣǹɱ֮Уʹܸļ£ȫ˹
죬㵨ӿ治С鷳Ҳˣûоɽ죬ȢϱȻȢǼͷˣм
һ仰ӷ缸ǺģΪӷҪڳÿһ˶
ȢϱȢǼͷˣ
ʲô˼
˶֪ĽĽݼҵˣĽݼһΨһļ̳ˣôӷһĽͱǼҵˣ
ӷ磬ҳԣɲ˵ҸͶף˵ˣҲδ̫˰ɡ
̫Ȼ˵ˣǽ죬һ۶ˡʶȤģ齻ҽҪˡ

ͬʱÿһ˵Ͷʮڵ˾ա
ӷ磬ĴϷţҲ֪ݡǣΪгҸԼͿ޼ɵϷ㣬ڣɲǺǵġ
ӷ翴һ۸ʵǺˣ

˼ĴûղŵǾ仰˵˰ɡ޼ɵ޼ɵǰҴǣǣɽ죬ҲǶôǿǶôĸƣҪȢ飬ʹͬͬ⡣
ЦȢҸĽݼҵ飬Ľүүû˵ͬ⣬ƾʲô
׳ȥ޷ճǰ˵ӷ磬Ļ£Ľ׳ԴӦġ֪ϵãҲ֪㽫鵱㿴ȻˣӦףѽӦĻϸ⻨㿴ʧѽ
׳飬ϣҪ֣Ҹ£ҸӲϣڳκ˲֡
˵ô
ӷ絥һӣȫ׹֣һѾͳ˳ӷС
˭Ҳ֣ұɱ˭
񽣣Ȼõ˵񽣡
˿̣үȫվΪүֻΪӷֻΪĽţٴ飬ԼڣҲճڲһˣӷƣֵľͳ˵ÿһ仰Ȼɱ첻ɡ
ӷ磬ʲôǴǧүӼ
ү˵ѽӷ磬ʲô˵ѽɲġ
үүүүҵ飬ǲùܡ죬ôôҷ㵽ס
䣬ӷӰ죬գۼ䣬ѾĽߡ
飬Ҳԣû⵽¡ɽ죬ֻҪڣ죬붯һͷ
ĽѾ˳ӷĵҲµģ
ӷ磬˵ûҸͶף㻹Ǳˣ
Ҳ㣬˭㡣ѵүү㸸׹𡣡
ӷеһӣ˵ˣһҪߣֹҵģ죬˭Ҳ
ǼǰһµĿɲǳӷ磬Գӷһ֮ǾԲܴڶƤӵ½ĽߵģµģǳӷѽΪѽ̫Ĳʹ䡣
ӷһס˴ŻɴĽ飬˵ߡ
ӷ磬浱ҷСˣ˵˵߾ߡȻ㲻ڷҲûҪˡˣҽӷ¡

ӷһЦǰĸˣоŸˣ޹صģϸ뿪죬Ҿʹɱ䣬ߣ
䣬ӷо޽ֱ˹ȥ
үСģ
͵Ľ˿ˣͬʱһǿҵİɫ⣬˷֮ǰվ֮أһڵϣһĽۣ
˰񣬸Ҷ֣һдۣСӡ
ǣ
ȫпˣⶼѾˣӷ˫ɱ⣬ǸղһѾЩֵͨܵסģûһ˸ȥԼҸңڲߣѵȼѽ
ϻƣ֪ͨԣ˵߳ˣ̸Ϲֹӷ硣
ˣ˳ȥ
ˣˣ׳
ŭ顣
ӷ磬ҪӲ߰ɣĺ⣬ˡ
˼飬죬ҲġЩһ㲻õģ
ӷ磬ϣϷٸһλᡣϷſ飬Ϸ򶨷뿪

ž
һӳӷзصһ⣬˸ϡ
ϲģΪϣҾͲҳ㡣ٸҷϻȡͷ
ԼҲǸ֣û뵽ӷôֵĶû
ôĵӣƾһ֮ҶϷ֡ΪеǾ㣬Ҫ뿪ǣܡ
Ǻãҽɱ죬ֱɱڡҵ뿴񣬵紫˵еôǿ󣬻˵
үСӷˣߡ
УˣǾ޴ˣ
үӷǴĽСģΣա
һס죬ſȥ
ҳӷţ˵Ҫɱ죬ܵȥҲ
ӷ磬Ҫ׷ˣ˶࣬߰ɡ
˵ڵĻûʧԹȻ쵰޸ҽ͵棬ߣ׷ɱ죬ڣסҡ
һʱ䣬
ӷһֳֽһŴɴĽ飬˵̨ݣ֮سȥ
ϵסˣҵס
ӷ磬أ㻹ûǸ¡
˰еľŴȫ˴ϣ˳ӷǰ
Ѿ˵ˣҿϲϷŹ졣ʶȤģϹݹб顣
ǾǼʶһ£񽣵Уܷ񷢻ӳʮǰ֮
̵ʱڣӸȴûһˣȥץӷģҲȥֹֻǽ˵ļ·ȫסˣеĳˣȫˡ
Լҡ
ӵ˻ưĵ绰֮ɫ䣬˵û뵽ӷȻ˷񡣡
֣ôˣǲǹǱ߳£
£ˡûϵӷƢһȻڵ֮¡һ۵ĵ񽣣һѾͷһ·׷ɱ죬˰Ŵһ·Ϊˣ˰֣Ҳǵסӷġ
ڸô죿
ϸϹȥˣѪҪӷ֮ˣ
ʲôλãԽʵ
ڸֵı£ѾϽȥˣӷһ·׷˹ȥ
̣ϵϽǸΧ
Խ˵ãȥ졣


523 ϽǷ粨4
һ˴󾩳ǴϣΨӰڸֲͬĽƶţٶʱ磬ʱţڳʱڹ۲£еۻҡ
磬Сȥˣ
˰Ŵָסӷ磬Ѿ׷˳ӷˣۿĽĳӷǰգ֮䣬ӰҲˣ
Сӵ̫죬޷Ĺ֮ǰǺѽסġ
磬ô죬СӶ֪ȥˣ
ˣȥүǱߣСһȴڴȦȻ޷ץӰʱͷתүǸ򣡡
Ŵ֪˳ӷļƣڸ˵ı£˹ݺ󣬾ֱϽǵķȥųӷһǳϽǵķȥˡ
ھŴֱϽǵͬʱ˳ҲϽǵķȥٶȷǳ죬ͬٴа㣬ٵһ룬ͻ޿ȵĺ
ɫĺ۳ϽǶſͣ³Χûһ˺Žз
죬ȵϽȥһ£Ͳùˣǰɣ
ڹӷʱ뵽˶ʮǰ顣ҲǷӷ֮ͬ󣬾һķ粨û뵽¸ʮ꣬ڽĻ֮ϣλĶӣøĴ岻
ΪһˣҵŮ˱˸ˣǾȻҶУһҪԴӳӷｫ򣬽Ժôˡ
˵죬һ嶯ˣѵ㻹ףڵĳӷ磬Ѿ֮ǰԸǸӷˡֳֵ񽣣֮޷һӷܽ񽣵ӳǾټи֣δǳӷĶѽ
үӣӷõĽ˵ǰ𣿡
˾˵ڵ񽣵Ŀ£󲻵ġ죬ǰôµǲܣһΣһҪǵġ
ҧأѾ澡ʧû뵽ԼôֵƤӵ£ԼҪͷڹƵĶϽǣ޷ӷ紦ĻǽԼҲóˣ
СҴı㣬Ȼ
үӣǳӷͽˡôһҪӳӷｫΪҶӣǾ͵ûӣҲӷһƴڵϰɡ
죬ģѱնΪһεӷŮˣǾڵŮˣֻҪڵĳԱʲȥġ

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ôܣ˰Ŵ֣Ȼס
´󾪣ѵ˵ӷܽ񽣵ȫӳˣȻĿǰʵǾԵֵס˰Ŵֵġ
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ܣ˵죬һҪ
ӷ籧һ·ɵɵĽ£ӿʼڣĽ鶼ȥʵģӷȻΪԼ棬ңҪɱ죬Լʶĳӷ磬ɲ˵ĳ嶯ڳӷδڶԿ֮ǰǾԲģԣĽоԼΰ㡣
ӷ磬ǲˣ
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ɱ죬ǾҪڸ֪֮࣬ģһ㶯֣Ҳ뿪ǡ
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ŵĳСӣֵһǣûֵͣǻҪȹء
ãܺãȻǾͱˡ
ӷɿסĽ֣תͷ˵飬˺Һܿܽǽྩġ
Ľһֱųӷ磬ǲ˵ֻǲ֪˵ʲôֻ߻ֲ⵽ξʵ
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ȫҹ

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·ȳ˳ӷһֻϣӷڻ·ʱͬʱ˾׾
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ӷ߾ٺ·ȣԼ׵磬ȫۼ˷֮С
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ɫĹâɳӷͷγһŮ˵״һûдκ·ϹŮ
ʲô
Сһ㣬Сӵÿ벻ġ
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ϸߣõģܷӳ񽣵ʮ֣ƾĹǲܶǷֺġ
𣿡
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һֳֽһַȣͷ壬Ͼ׾£ӷȻֽľĹ˳
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Ƭӳӷؿڳ֣ı󣬱ΪǽڵĴС漴ƬͬʱΣһΪɫһΪɫ

һ쳹Ͻǣһ޴𶯣ʹĸʮ˲վȽţڵϡ
ǣǡܣǡ
˫ҲܣҲҪǵ
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סҲҪǷҵѪԲ£
ϸߣʱҿǽģ
Ҳûаԥɲԯ


524 ϽǷ粨5
žϽǵǰ渱ʻҵľʵһ£Ǳߵôˡ
һ绰ڹҶϵ绰ش׳ѾɱϽǡڴסӣڹһֳֽҪȡ
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ԱߵԽ˵֣᲻ΪӷҪĹϵʵҲˣ
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صжʱΪʱûӷɱӷ磬һֱ
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һԼʮĸ˽ķ䣬ѵõڿ飬ʵڲŵĸֲò
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֪Ľ޸ӣҪֹȴûǸһѾƻ׷ɱ쵽Ͻǣ롣
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С㣬ǣүӸ˰Ŵֵ֣סˣѾɱϽǣүΪүѾɲˡ
ɲйΪĴ飬ӹ˻ɲݲͬԸҲǳŹ֣ϲȺĵط֣ڻϲûӰ
һʵ˵ͷ常ɽ
ǵģС㣬Ҳ֪ʮɲѾûٳˣ񣬸үǾȻɲˣǾ˵үĺΣգǸ׷ɱүˣҲԲǼ򵥵һ˵Ǹ׷ɱүˣҸԼйϵ
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С㣬֪Էʲô𣿡
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ϾǵĶ⣬˼ʮˣҲŮҲ٣ЩˣȫѾʬˣѪȾϾǵĶſڡ
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үӣʵ̫ǿˣǵɲȴûڸô죿
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죬Ϊ˻ֵģǸ˵ģҹ
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һ죬Ҫɱ
죬ͷڹ꣬ҪɱңαصԺ󣬽Ϳԡ

죬ӷѾ˷صĹ֮⡣
ȫ赲Сӣһдۡ

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ۿˣĸŮòֱӷ磬ӷеĵ͵һӣǿĽ⾪ٶȣֻУһһɾҵıըȳӷŮĵֵס񽣵ȫ塣
˭ˣҽӷΧ
к󵽵Ӹʱ佫ӷΧ˹֮⡣
ӷ˫۳ΧɨһȦתͷһĽ飬ŭɱ֮¶һЦݣ˵飬öˣڵһᡣ
ӷ磬ҪҪɱˣ
ӷ˭Ļôڸ֣ͷϵӷ罫Ҳһʮ׵ӵʶ㣬ȫΧӷĸ˹ȥ
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СģСҪõ񽣣ȫҪĽУ
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¡
ĽγһԲȦ̼䣬ͬ˰㣬˷ӿȥ

飬飬顣
ǿĽϣǵֵסģǣҲΪųӷ磬ǸɫĶֲͣĽǣڸô졣
ʵˣȥʱѾˣӷȻľڳӷľ֮ǰԼˣҲ֪١
ˣˡ
ȻǾһҲܣȫ
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ݼɲˡ
һײµˣҹз£ڿ˹֮
ӷһָͻȻֵˣʵǶɲԯ


525 ϽǷ粨6
ɲޡڶʮǰţԺ䶯£һվҲǾԵǿߣңȫ۷ϵĸ֡
ӷӻѵĿе֪ɲ֪ɲԯѪħ֮ĵһˣμӶһɱձһɱڳڳӷǰҪе˶Ҫ¡
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ԯ͸۲һƮͷİ׷òȴȫ
һɣսȴ۷ǿߣоǿ󱳺ֳ˶ٿѣ㣬֪ġ
Į飬Ŀһеվʬ֮Уɲԯľû˿תӷɱôˣԯӲκεŭ
һֻ̧ԯûתͷųӷͬʱ˵죬ΪһŮˣʧȥ˷ִ磬ѵ常Щģ㶼һɶ𣿡
常һ¹һ¡̺ģûǡǣóӷ罫ߣʺкĿȥˡ
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常ҡ
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ԯǿߣܷԼһǲ˭һֵ֮£ɳӷȻ
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ӣҪɱ죿
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УӷڵΪɵ޻꾳磬֮ศĶԯ˼˵ӷжӲˣҲδ̫˷˰ɡ
УĻ˵ڣһԥıȻԯ˵ģΪģҲֻܹˡ
·񽣣ӷҲղ
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죬ڲ˵Щʱӷɱģڵˣ֮ǲҹĻ֮еģȫûݵġˡӷɱٶ࣬Ҳǹҵķɣ˽ڣһôĴڵȻֻ֪ҪǽڵˣһУͶڵģѾˣйѾйġȻǸ⣬Ϊ첻еĲ£ڵļ̳ˣʸԭһС
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һӰֱӴܵ壬һҲӶͷһѪֳٳȥ磬ֹ࣬ͣ

ӷһһڷתֱ֮Ӵ˷˫ȡ

췢һҽУ˫ȱĻȼţڵʹĹš
죬𶯣ⶾԽԽ
ԯѾվ˷ǰһƷ磬ӷȼڷ˫ϵĶˣȴѾ̫ˣ˫ѱճ˽ڣˣҲѾ˹ȥ
ȫͣ˽ŲŻȥķ죬ֿ˳ӷ磬һ̾һ
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ϣ˵ʵɱ֮ʱҶ㣬ǸʱҲٶˡ
˵Ļš
˵˧磬㻹ߡ常ûıע֮ǰ߰ɣ
һȥ
Ǳ죬ԯǰ
˵үӣϲԼںˡǡ


526 ºӰ
ԼҿڣơϡĽݣ׳үȫȻģӷĽ飬ҲѾԽˡ
δƽϵľӻڳˣϽҲȫôʬ壬صѪҪ֮ǰɾһκ֪顣
׳Ѿڽ飬ҪԵıܣ˭й¶䣬ǾҪϾ·ͥϾ֮¼ôˣһϢ˳ȥǻ˵ã
Ҷ˵˵ɣڸô¼
һ͵λʱҪΪҴ²ģλˣҪΪģһӣʵڲѽ
ү˵Ȼ鶼ѾˣǶҲûãǵȰɣǱ߻ʲô
Խ΢΢ı˱۾˵Ͻʮˣ˵˰֮⣬ڳԱûһġڣڳһ֮⣬Աûҹģ̯ӣһʰˣ
Խ˵俴һߵĶӣɳӷȴһΪȻ̬֮ʲô鶼ûзһ
ӷ磬վǰ
ӷЦЦ˵裬ҽྩǣʲôûأڶӺöǲȥԵ㶫
Զ촳ôĻ˼ԶףϽڴɱ䣬֪֪ôһ֣ǣֽһȳȻϢѾ׳ֽǰסģ죬һᶼ֪ǲҽ鴫ǣģôǽͣ
ͣΪʲôҪ͡裬飬ҵģãԯΪ򣬾ͲǷһ˫ôˡ
Խʵóӷû취Ҳ֪鶼ѾˣָͷûõģΪĸףڲôҪվԼߵģҪҪѣԼҲֻܽš
Ľݺ˵ȷſڸ첻˵ӷ磬ΪǲҲҪүүһ
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øһģӦңӦĽүүɡ
󵨣Խӷ磬ôĽүү˵Ǹ
ûΪʲôҪǸĽүүԼ⣬ΪүүΪԼŮҸҲͰˣһֽԼŮƸˣһүүĸ𡣻Ľ壬ΪĸףԼŮԸ޸ϲ֮ˣ㲻ֹԱһ仰˵ǲҲӦøһ
ĽݺӸĽݲһ㶣ӷ췸´ϴ֪ǹֵԼͷˣ㲻ǵߵڰס
ĽݺӲûЦ
ĽݣǲϺͿˣָ㻹Цĳү˵
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ӷ˵ҪȥҲ㣬ǰŽڣɱȥ
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Ҫ˵ĻƨƽʱһʲôںӣұƼˣʲô¶ĳǸʱҲңΪס
ү˵ӷ磬үүһμʱ֪㲻һ嶯ˣŽҲŻġǣǾԲǵζ⣬ȥҷ죬ԯҲٶˡ
ӷ粻мҳϣȻûǵֻҪ϶˵飬һ쵽ٵһ꣬꣬꣬ʱɱˣһȽʮٱΪֻүүܷһ޷粨ֻҰܷһķ粨飬Ҳ
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ӷΪѵӣĽԽ˵԰̣и֮룬ܴӦ
Խ˵飬ʲôҪ˵ɣ԰̴û㵱˿ӷ㺦ģһŮӵˣԲʲôҪ԰̶Ӧġ
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ԯѽɲԯ
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Сӣܲ˵һ㡣ӷôӦԯģôϵģ
ҾͲ֪ˣھġңϵ䱻׳λλӷϢﻹǽϵΪһϽǷ粨¿ˡϽǷ粨أھǻô꣬ûϽǸɹô飬û뵽ȻϽɱô֣
˵Щеûˡֻ֪ӷôˣϷʵ
ôʱүǼʱϵڵҲôֻܴűһ˫ŵķ뿪磬񱻹ؽˣûǼǳġ
˷˫ţҲ˵°뱲ӣҪ϶ȹˣɽʵ
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˵ºҪصģҲѾǰε·ˡ
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Ҳ˵ԺѼˣʧ
Ҳáأֻǲ̫ѿҪƽϢ֮ʱԽġزǾҪԼˣ
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ƴţ˵ѾǸˣ˷˵Ļǵʱ֪ʲô
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ֻҪҴ˳ۣͲҪˡ
˵ԯǲ㣡ֻֻ۷ϵǿߣ۷ȴǳڶʮǰųġҲ˵۷ϵǿߣɳ϶ģˣܴ𣿡
ǲңȥԼ顣ûǣңһۣԶɽز¶Ʈ٣һסģ
˵꣬ԯߵ˲ſڣͣһ½Ųչ˺죬飬ǾͲùˡ


528 սϹĵ
Ľգصĳӷ绹еܲˣҲΪʲôƴţǬɴҲؾˣոθûʲôֱ𣬾ÿͳԵķˣҲǰʱģûѡ
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ӹȻӤݵԼǰţӷȴûнŲ𿪣ֱӸ˺˷顣
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磬ǲǹ͵ģֻǺѡ˵ˣ㲻ȥƽ֮û֮ġңǾȥҲδǼ£ֻҪǱߵĹĺãȵؾ֮һֱǨġ
ӷ綼е㲻ŵĿѾͷη飬Լ˽Ķǳ٣û뵽ѾͷȻôԶ
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ȻڵѾ׽ǳӷҲҪȥ˼̫࣬ھǴһʱ䣬Լģ٣ӷڵЩһԼûǷҪɱԼʱУұС
Ļƻ裬Ϧ֮ʱǸָһֹ¼ŵĸо
˱ɽΧɫװ˸Χɽ£һһɫı۳ͣķǳ룬ųҲֻЩΪ޴쵼ڹ֮ڰ˱ɽʱŻС
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ңһǳرļ壬Ϊ壬룬Ҳ鲻κϣû֪üʲôطаҲƾճھƵģӤʱʼھǣҲû֪ôģʲô˽ģֻͻȻһ죬а˾ǹӸǸȦһ˫ȭͷбаԱֶ˳ΪùӣסĵطǾƵ꣬ķӣǱü壬˭˵һ䱱üĲǣǸˣͻᵹùͻ
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ʲô£
ԼҸңѾͺˣΪӷĳֱ֣Ϊ׼ҡ
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ٴοĹϵƬܣ㰲Ϣɣ㱱аɱ˳ӷ磬һ죬һԿ³ӷͷǰģ


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ѾͷҲ̫ˡҸ˵ٴΣǿһնû쿪ųܳ壬ô죡
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Խ˵֣ȻӷТģǾȥɡӷ磬򣬸ôȥҪã⹫ſɶϸɲݵģ㲻ҪǶϱ˵л
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ǺãϸһྩȥѴţлˣǾȫȸྩţ˭Ҳֳʲôˡ


530 һ
ƴţϺȶˣڶڳӷҵĵϣܻôǲ
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аĵǳһƵģǱ黹񣬶û֮ǰη塣
ùӣáԼѾͷҪͶ˵λӣǸղֻ˵˵ûȴϣѾͷȻˣѹǡ
ڸղţ˶ˣȻӤǰԵ˵㣬ȴûԽȥѹκˣǰҲǲԼԽŮģΪȻӤѾͷﻹǷǳ׵ģ⹫ѾλˣôóҲ˵Ŀ࣬Խ첻һΪһǽһԪף֣ɲ˵
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аɫʱһ䣬˵ӷ磬ôţɱң
ⲻŵǰ㻹ҪԯܱסȻҲ֪ԯΪʲôҪ㣬֮ʲôϵҪǣҪԯңȴԯǰ˷죬ʵĲ࣬룬㻹Ȼȥɡ
ӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҳţ㱱ùôܻҡ
˵꣬ӷתߣߵſʱͣ½Ųתͷ˵ˣţΪŵıǮ㣬ȴûǮǰšȻӤϵһϰ壬Ҹ·һҾֲңڶֱӹرմ󼪣ӽԺйȴûĵط
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532 ǹŴ᣿
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һ˶ƣӷҲ̫࣬˵ˣЩ벻ͨ飬ҲȥˡüΣûô棬ϣǾʹҺúһ°ɣʱҲˣ÷һˣ


533 ֵͷ
ھǣƴţΪϤˣڣҲɻƴţӷȥ·ϣΪȥĵطƴţȥĵطһ£ֳ
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֪ߵغСӣΪԼ;Ϳ⾩ˡӵŵʱǵĵﶼ֪ʲôطء

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534 һЦ
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ڳӷ˵Լ޹ص飬ǲȥ²ģοǱͲĳУȫ׳ǣУҲֱߣڲг˵̫̫пĹɳԱ
ӣͷղŵĻҲδǴţġƴţпܸүүսأ˵ǿһ㡣Ա͵Ц˵ͷĹ쵼ˣǻƴţղžûûСү֪ˣһĲ
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ƴţ˵һ㶼ûϵһɵôܻûԺյݣֱ߿һ꣬ͲϷͷ¹ֻҪϵһɵĳԱҲܻССķһ𾩳ǵһλүӣ
¾ˣĶ벻ԶûϵֻҪǿӲĺ̨ǾǲԵģģҲлת
ս뷹Ϸǳ࣬ѾԱߵϣ˵׳ȥ鶼ѾȥˣȻ˶ûˣֺαعڻأҿǸһȥɣطѾ˿ʮˣҲʱ뿪ˣ
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ӷͷľǹ˵ȻҲ֪굽׷ʲô£ҸΪʲôҪɱôˣҾţҸ׵ΪȷģɱģҲȫǸ֮ˡȻÿһ˶ԼĿҸɱŮҲʵ뱨Ļ죬Ҿ͸һᣡծӻҲԿɣ
Сһ컹˵㣬ӵӵ˵ɡ
׳ǧҪ嶯Ӷѽ
Ļ쵰ӹԶ㡣
үүɱҪģǷġҪ
ЦʵЦ۵ɱ˻𣬿ûУûСѵǳҾ죬ǵأǿ飬ӽͲ
ӷ˵ǹֻһӵôϣⷢӵ֮еĳܷ¡
ӷ˼ҽκ˶˵һ仰
ܺã㹻֣Ǿͽһǹɡ
ͷ׼ӷ࣬ǹַκһˣ֤ЩδһǱÿ϶ľǹ
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ǹСǿųһ亹رǿֹӷ£Ǿ鷳ˣ
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ͷǿɵۣӵԳӷã̫ˣ
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ϣղŵǿӵеĳޡԺúùӰɡ
⣬ѵ⣡
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ôһֱű𣬱ٱû뵽˵ĶӾǰȴɱҲգҲգ
ͷСķ£ҡϣı۾¶ЦݣߺС߳ӷ֣˼ǣˣҸ֮ĳޣ˽Ժ˭ҲǷ˭ˡ
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һЦӢۣ͵ĴСһĳɰܣȻңõҪġ
ӷͷЦౣأˣ


535 ذ
ܲ
ĿһǽڣǽϣʮˮÿһˮĴСͬųһߡ
С㣬ôˣΪʲôǷѽ
ߵﲻķ䣬һңڵĵƹȽҲΪĵƹ⣬ǽϵʮˮ
һ˫ˮ۾ʮˮϿһۣĿͣ˴ĵʮˮϣ˵㿴ûУʮˮѾʼתˣ
֮ǰûȥ⣬ΪҲڵĽأ˭ԽǽϵʮˮҲʲôǳͨڱһ˵˵˫һҲˮ˵ô
˵ԴҶʹδʮˮ򶯹ɽ죬ʮˮȻתҲ˵ذҪˣ
ذеĵذ񣬴ű˰ǿĵذ񣬵ذϵÿһˣǶĸ֣ʮδκһ˼ذֵĳ֣û֪ذеʮʲôˣʲôݡ
˷·뵽ʲôƵģ˵С㣬˵Ǹаպǰˡãذʮĸ֣᲻Ǳа
Ǹа֪ǰھǵΪ̫ļҾԲϵذ֣ǵذʮĸ֡
ڷүӷ֮󣬳ھģҲֻһаȽ˵Ĺȥˣǵڰʮĸֻ֣˭
ôһҪҳڰʮĸ֣ǶڰǶڴ˧һвڴ˧ûʵֶҵĳŵ֮ǰҲ£常Ҳ˺
ӣСǸӷкøѽЦ
֮⣬϶õˣҲǳ֮⣬Ψһһҵ˿ˡ
˵˵ͷ˵Сģһ취ҳڰʮĸֵġ
ס£֪Բ֪硣
ţˡ
ڳӷ뿪ǼС֮ոպ֮ǰͷҪ֮ͻȻһӰͬȰ㣬˷֮ڡ
ͷѾеĳޣͽⷹˣԼŮ뿪ǣһûʶԼĵطȥû뵽ͻȻ֮ˣͷ´󾪣תʵǺˣ
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еңĸңʮǰͷڹ꣬ʮǸͷڹ꣬ҿҲûҪˡ
ͷ˶ɵˣΪڿؿ˰ͬʱؿ˵䣬һɫ壬ǿϣһء֣šءֵĺɫ壬ͷѾµؿ˵ݡ
û뵽ѽû뵽Ȼ㣡Ѿǵڼˣ
ؿ˵ڼҪҪǣذ֮ˣͱҪɱЩ֮֮ǰ㣬ҲǰģԣҲϡ
ͷһƨ˵ϣ˱۾ӣԼʼ޷뿪ѽҲҪط
˶ʮ꣬ҲүһʹͰɡ㶯ְɣǲġ֮ǰܲ˵һ仰
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С÷ӳ߳ͷҡϣΪ˯ˣȥû뵽Сߵͷǰʱȴ֣ͷĲϣһѪۣ⽫СŻˣȥһͷͷĲӴӿ˴ѪѪСϣСȫȾ졣
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ӷ磬쵽ʲôطȥˣԽʵ
ӷ绹ΪԽԼྩȥ˵裬İɣȰǶȼٴ֮һȥġ
ȼٴ壿ҿֻǽڰɡ
裬Ҳ˼
һĬʵӷ磬ţǼȥʲôط
֪ƴţǻ˺ô˵һаΪ˶Ըӷֵģӷ粻лƴţǻȻƴţ֪ˣҲһ뿪ϻģ£κ˶ֹˡ
⹫Ҳûȥʲôطھ˹䡣
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һʣӷЦһ˵Ƕ֪ˣ
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ԽеԵʵ
裬Ҳ̫ףǲ˵ʲôûҽȷȥǼҷ꣬ҲǸǡ
˵ǣеǸˡ
ʲô⹫㿪Цɣ뿪ʱúõģôܻᡭ
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⹫ţ裬λ裬Ǹòỳɱɣ
ӵվ˵ȸȥһ˰ɣôһ£ȼϰ֮˵


536 ϵ
һСǹڣõĻȦɫĲŵģȻȫǵĹ쵼ˣȫСЩ˵϶źװǳأҲв˵˫ѾףͣǵۿС
СТԱߣԵķǳͣͣĿš
үүСΨһˣһֽˣڣΨһ˶뿪ˣʣСһˣССͣʮͷָô
п͵
ⳡϵǸͼӴſڣ߽һˣһεķ죬һģڵˡ
ԼĻԼﶼסԼ֮˸ˣѾΪǵЦû뵽ʱ򣬷ȻϹ
ߵˣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ뵱꣬ڹײλߣһеվڷǱߣٶ˱ѣٶ˵ȥҲû뿪һ񣬰ˣܸҲеİɡ
һϹϹл
СʹţǸлл⣬ʵڳЩУһǿ֮⣬СһҲʶûǰǿЩүүģ죬үүˣȫˡ
С㣬ܸڰ
ϵķ
Сû˵ֻ˵ллȻ˵Ǻп͵
˿̣߽ǹݵ񣬻лưǼλүӣеүӣȫˡ
ƽʱ⼸λүǾԲһϵģһ֣Ǿһʲô¡죬λүӵĵڳÿһﶼģڵʲôλүӲǳݼģ
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˵˵ģǼλүӣǳӷ硣
ҵ˭أԭǷѽӷЦЦ˵˵岻̫ãģҪౣѽиʲộ̫įˡ
ӷ磬֮飬һġ죬ǰүӵ룬ȻˣǲҪڳһ
ˣΪʲôҪ⻰˵Ҳ̫ûˮƽ˰ɡ
˵ϰҲǵѣĲף˾ӷ磬ѵ㲻Ӧøһ𣿡
˵ϸߣ⻰ʲô˼ѵ㻹ɱ˰ɣ
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ӷ˵£Ͻɱʮˣ¹𣿡
ӷ磬ϴҲΪڲɱ㡣һ¹һ£ôҪ˵齻ϰڼ֮ͱɱˣ
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ǰСʵϰŮ
СȻ֪ǰ⼸λݣʵûҲѽҵͷԪȫӣɲСѽ
ǵģҽаС
СүүǶеġүүΪǹ˺ܴĹףǹҵ֧ˣܴӼ֮⣬ҲŪ
׳ʲôʰɣ֪ģҲࡣ
ӳӷ磬𣿡
ǵ
ǵʱʲô£
Сʱ˵һ飬ǿ֤ڳӷ˵ǳ
Ҳˣƽ䲻֣ڽ죬ûиϰͻǳòϰԸеĳޣƾһ㣬ѵǻӶϰµɱ𣿡
ڳ˭˵һǡ֣Ҳû˵˲ǳӷɱġ
˵ϵ£˭׳룬Щ֮⣬ҲǳӷճģųҵѪҶЩʲôˣ֪һżۣû飬㵱һףһףҲǳҵ硣
ӷ˵˵ҿԣǧҪǣϳҸԼң򣬾ϣҲ㡣
ӷ磬ģȲҪ˵Խ˵
ߣǳ˲Լ˲һȨ죬һɵйѺڵ˵ɰ׵ģ˭ȥǡ
ư˵ϸߣɲ˵ӷϰµɱ֣ûʲô֤ݣûеĻòҪ˵
԰С˵Сүүɱʱһڳʱû⣬߳ģ
Сҡҡͷ˵ûУʱҸүүڵûеˡţүүԲɱġ
벻ԼүүɱˣԼĸĸǱӷĸɱ죬СȻųӷ硣
СҪҲүүĲװɣ
ҿԵȷ޹ءȻҲʶǵʱҲǵһμҿĳΪ˷ǳãʱүүôˣô˵ûаķүүеĳʱǳòĸ룬ˣǲᷴɱүүġ
ӷ粻Ҫκ˰Լʲô˵Լ֣ԼҲġ
ӷ磬ʲô
һʲôͨˣԱߴŰɡ
ӷ粻죬ֱߵ˹ײǰ鿴һ°塣
ӷ磬ϰôģʵ
ɱġ
ʲô

˵Ĳҷϡ
ӷ绹ǲǣ˵ֳַǳرõǷֽ˿ڸƽռĽ෴ֳķǳ죬û´Ļֳ֮İӵһ֮ѪӿС㣬˵ĶԲԣ
Сͷ˵ǵģʱҪүүԷҡϣҹȥü֮󣬲ŷүүĲϳһѪۣ֮Ѫӿģ
˵ͬԷֽ
ӣ鷳㲻ͱ졣ûҵȻ÷ֽɱˣ˿һûȹ
ƴţǸưһģΪǵʱȫСҲ˾ҲΪӷ֤ˡ
磬Ҳ˵ֵĽ֮ϣ
ǽǹΪ˿ԷõĲĽǽ˽ɱΣ֣һΪѽ
Խǰʵӷ磬˼˵֣Ҳߣ
û
ûֵѡ
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һС֣ڳ˶վ
˵ӷ磬˵⹫ڣ˭Ҳԩ㡣
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˵ֱӳȥӷ磬˵ĵɡ
Ȼ֪ĻҲ˵˵֡
˵ɣϴ
һǣҸ׳ۡ
۶ʮǰûɱΪǼʱϵңȻ۶ʮǰûɱǽ죬ҲܻɱӲмȥɱ֪ʲôˡ
ڵһģû˻ȥɣɱһˣҪ͵͵
ڶҾŹùó
ײβ˭˲֪˭˲˵ˣֻս۷֣ڰ֣ȥһۡ
λصĸʮǰѪħǶʮǰɲ˳ûɡ
˵Ĺȥ
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ڣذκһˣŴ˵Ҳ˵ģңڡ
ӷ磬ǡ
ֻ˵ҵ뷨ȻܻңΪʲôͲܻǣ㻹浱ˣ
ˣһ˵һ䣬Ȼû˿Ը϶ҾûϰɣǰҪ¡ϰŮԻտ˭Ҳòġ


537 תս
аվ찲Ź㳡мλã̧ͷƮĹ죬Ⱥ߾ͬ㣬ֺֻһ˵ĴڣĿһеı֣֤ʵͬʱҲ˷ǳᡣ
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ʣǲɱģ
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Ҳûʲôϵɱϼһˣҡ
ȻǹΪʲôȥϿҲ˻ỳɵͷѽ
ỳҵģ˵ǵӲʹˣֺαطϡҿԸ㣬ҵԤϵУֻû뵽ӷȻܵǼСȥҲνɺϰɣҲΪɺϣӷУһݵǣ˵аһ
ǹӣ˵ɱģһ֣Ҳ֪Ǹ˵ǵѣһ빫ΪУǡ
ڵˣôܻΪС
ڣӵ˼˵ڵɱ˰
аĿջأ˵óֵģ綼֡ھһε飬Ҳһף̫ܽĵƸһ˰񣬲ȥӦκ£κˣֻҪĽЩĵ·ܱסڹڵĵλ
˸ае˼аҲе㵣ĵģ˵ȻѾڷǵĵˣ룬йԽԽ֡
ӣǸôһ˵ӷҪ뿪ˡ
ߣҲߣǣͲĵطǰǣڣҲǡ

ӷ缸˱һ֧ǿи˹ҲԽµ
̶ʮǱӷĸƵģϽǷ粨֮󰲴ֲڷѣһδƽһóӷھǵĻ治֪ᷢʲôԿƵľ档
磬Ǿ𣿱аǻ쵰
аӦѾھˡ
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ӷ磬ھֳô£ڲྩĻ֪ˣǶ鷳
ģֻҪǻصྩͲٶˡ飬ǿҪҿŵ㡣
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ҪҲôˣһϷɻȵྩ֮Ҹţת
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ţ㲻ҪҵĻûйϵ㲻ھûҾʹ㵽ú档
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ƴţһ£Ȼ֪ӷϵ⣬ȴû뵽ڡǵ鶼ûгᣬֱܵˣҪϺڵģӷ룬µٶȣʵ̫죬ͷԡ
ţתսϺڵȣǡҪȵĻ£ҪֵĻ͸ִֵ췭ظֵ˼¡
ƴţЦһû⣬£һƴţϵڶû˸ϵһ


538 ·
ڣӷûƴţҲûУ˶൱İֻ˵УİˡİˣϵһһĴˡ
ڻһξ룬ӷƴţҪģֱȥںڵΪϺڵҪҸŵĵطںڵϵĸÿڸ
żƳ̳ӷƴţ߿ڵĽ裬߳Ķȥ
·ϣһĸ¥ãչڳӷǰྩҪĶ࣬ϺҲҪĶ࣬ƽ֮أȻ鴫
֨
һɲʹĳӷƴţͬʱǰһˣƴţѾĵ׻᲻ῪῪҲҳз뺦ѽ
˾ƴţǣɲȥֻܱǸʵڲ˼ǰ˳
ôùɣ·ɻסĵطûҵ˳
λż춼ڷҿǰӦòǺأܿͻᴦõġ
ڳʵģӷƴţŴ򿪣ȥܱڳҪ
·ϣΪĹϵȫˣɼ⳵˾˵ôСȵϣƴţȼһ֧л̣ǲͷ˵磬Ŀ治ʱѽ
ӲҪôҲ磬ȵĺǻҸطԷ
ƴţٶԣ̣߳ߵȴǰĽⳡͨ¹ʡ
ڳӷǺ棬һɫıϣһҲӳһƣһֳ֪򵥵Ľɫ
̣㵽ǰȥôôá
˾ʹԼʮˣĻ˵үȻسȥɣ·̫ˣⷢʲô⡣
˵İɣ컯֮µģѵ˸ҰҲɡ
˾ϳ̼Լ복ľҲǺԶȥٻҲò̫õʱ䣬Ҳԣǰȥ
˿̵Ļƴţģճһ̶˵ϣԱ˼ȭȴ룬һˣպߵԼߡ
СӣҪȦؼȥ򣬱ﵲ·
˾ǸղǸ˾ϳ̣һǲˬӶԻƴţ˵
ƴţϳһۣҲȥ˫ȭſ⵲סϳ̵·ϳôߣƴţĲȥ
Сӣ鷳ǰɣ

һֳڣϳɫ䣬һһѻƴţһƣԷһԼ˺ü
ϹĹۣȻӡ
ƴţǰһѾץסϳ̵·Ѿ֪ȥ¥ȻӣӲ㡣
㣬ʲô
ʲôʶһӵȭͷ
˵ƴţǴȭͷֱӾͳϳ̵ϻ˹ȥ
顣
ѽ
ϳһҽУҽʹΧˣȫƴţ߿˴ܣûֹЩһﷴܹϷ
ӷûȥܻƴţҲԱ߿ţֻ˵һ䣺ֱ̫أ㡣
ƴţӦһһȭϳ̵ϴ˹ȥ
ȭϳ̵ֻ۾Ѿһˣèۡ
ס֡
棬һ˹ȺƿһָŻƴţŭСӣ㻹ס֡
ϳ̱ͷεģԭת˼Ȧһǰ
ûȥϳ̵ƣֱƴţǰ˵Сӣ㵨ӿ治Сҵ˾ҲҴ򡣡
ʲôӴˣѵҪѾ׼ɡ
Сӣ֪˭
ӹ˭Ҳ밤ȭĻӵȫ㡣

ڳһֵļƣŻƴţ
ձĶ˵СͲѧѧйһйȥѧձֵǷᡣ
ºˣģպþԼƣƴţɸ˻ˣӲһ̤һصһȭؿڴ˹ȥ
ĿֵٺãڻƴţǰҲǿռӡ
ƴţ֮󣬱˵һͨˣǸ֣Ҳǵֵסġ
ŻƴţһȭһɷڵѪҺ͵ĳĺƴţһȭ껹סˡ
ֶΡСӣӣ
ǿ˭
ƴţ뷢һʱȴ룬꣬ȻγһǹָŻƴţͷ
ѽȭͷ죬ҵӵ졣
ͲǹǾ֮⣬ҲֻкڵӸ·ӲŻˡ
ԣͷһС·ϣô˵Χ֮°ǹ֡
ǹͨãɶԻƴţˣ𲻵κεáߣƴţʲôӶµǹ浽ȥںǹ
ǹָӵͷѾĽ첻ҽԺһصģĸ͸ա
ৡ
ƴţӰһѾûƴţˡ
ܣ
ء
һתϣеǹѾƴţߡ
ǹǰɣǹָǰɡѽָѽ
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ƣӾͶ㿴
顣
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539 ڹ
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ӷһڣþע⵽Ҳע⵽ڳӷһ֮⣬ȺѾɢ
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Եľóֻڽ˾Ȼ󣬽ӷʵӣôˣ
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˵Ȳùܣ룬ôɡЩһ￴ǲŹǵġ
ô죬Ѿˣҿǽ˹ɣԼһǽھָˡ
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ܼ򵥣ʦ
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ͬʱĳõĻңһȺ߲ʿչŻ飬λһԼʮ˸Ҫ˵ͼһŮӻ˽˵ϰ壬ĵ绰
Ҳ˵ҿʱ˭Ҳܴ𡣡
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ʲôˣȻҴҶϵĶӣ
ԷʲôǾڵ飬붭ģѾץˣһһġ
ϸȥҽԺҲǾֳϵһңҵ뿴ڣ˭ôĵӣҶϵĶҲҴ򡣡
ǰԼĶӴˣȴ˸ˣڣϻҲһ֪Էʲôͷ
Ļ鵽˽Ҫ߳ȥʱһ˳˽
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ͲҪ˵ôˡС֮ԻߵģƽϲǣҲһѵɡģҶϵĶӱ˴ˣӵҲûӣԣһŹԷģҪΪ˸ۡ


540 
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ڿ˵ǮĵһˣƾµѶţһĿһڼ㣬Ͻɹҵ˰գҲڵһˣʲôˣȻţȥƨ
ϾһӣҲǽѶŵļ̳ˣԣ޼ɵκ飬Ҫȥ˼ģֳֻҪǮȥԽ
ҽԺڲϣҲǺأֻҪӵȡûʲôˣƴţһǹҲûд񾭡
֣һҪСӸѽʿܲһ㡣
ոȡӵҽ˵ûʲô֮󣬻ʿڰﶭϴ˿ڱ㣬̫˵㣬ʹĶ˳ͲȥŮֱһŽʿ߿
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ΪѶŵĴϰ壬ȻһģҲǱ˿ġ
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𽫵ʱľ˵һ飬˵ʵ飬ûпţҲûΪûǸҪ
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ӷվ˵ȻҪʹһ㣬Ҿʹǿ

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ѾǮˡɵķˣͼܣѾֹˡȻеܣǾͲһﷸǰҲһ¡ҿɣڹȥǱߣǵϼһ»ȽϺá
ǺáǱ߿һܳʲô⡣
ģСӳ˳Ҳɲߵġ


541 1
ֹ飬ӷ绹ûྩǰץΣлǰӷ磬ڶαƶԩҲ˼䣬ȴû˸ȥΪѳӷ硣һΣھÿһжһɻðʣҲֱͥӸˣʣЩôȨ
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Ѿĸӹɡ
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СӣͶ򡭡
еľѾܵ˳ӷһ㣬һѰѵǹȫ˳ӷ磬Ϊӷ˻ŮʣԴܣȴϣƴţֱӽĲˣ漴һĻоԾ龰ˡ
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ȻҶ˵ʱǹӵģ֪£֪֪
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ֳȻԼˣЩ¾Ͳ˵ˡĿǰΪҪǣ¸ѹҲЩ֮ץס£԰ɡ
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ֳ˵꣬ͼűƿ꣬˽ο껹Ц
λģѽֺ˵ķĳ˲ţ˲ѽ


542 2
ʲôˣԱҽҲѾκ˴ôµġ
İ˽ȻΪҷµĲҵԼΪϰĶѾκ˴ˣȴܽ
ӷϴЦ⣬˵ϰ壬ýˣΪˣΪλֵܸˡ
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Ȼӷ֪峡ӵ飬öãһϵ֮ǰӷѾˡ
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ӷĻѾ˵ĺˣӲתĨǵģ
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Ҫ嶯ô˵һλйֵľֳһλҵͷֱӽǸˣҲûǵ֮ˡ
ӷ⻰˵һ棬һ١ԶĿǰ˵ǿôһҵսڵսôɳӷ粢е̫죬ˣпܾͻĳЩϸڣԽԽ鷳ֻҪȴ㣬ʱڣϸΪҪģӷ绹£ΪԼνϵһߡ
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Сӣǵĵ治СԽ˵ȻҶ
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Ǻֹô򵥣ǹˣǸǹûʲôǻǿǵܸܿʱһٷйϵԲŻȽǸġж꣬Ҫץǵܾ֮ͬ
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ӷǰǴЦݣöŵͷ󺹣СӿǸڹ컯֮¿ǹģеӿǹȻеɱˣԼ˿ɶѽҲûκ¹¿鷳ѽ
λǲôţҲôģֻҪȽ֪дǽʲô
СӣǮҸǮ飬͵ʲôûȥʲôطȥʲôطҾԲǵġ
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543 ѩ
磬Ҳǰ취ѽҵɡ
һҿڣӷƴţûǱ߸ոնôˣƲҪǮƽ֮󣬲Żһϵеķ粨𡣵Ȼķ粨ҲǳӷڴģڣݣϣҪ̫Լʧ
ʲô
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ԼЩ֮⣬ƴţȻѣʵóӷ⡣Ȳ˵ƴţţٻѵģݣܸѵҲûЩ֪ߵغ֪ļһƴţҲ
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˵£̫ǹҾӵˡǼһҲǳңɾΪ˳Բ˿࣬ǰӰӲͽ˾ӣǼһȴӱΪҰֳ汣Ļڻڼš
Σӱǻ治һѽӷҲԾƴţǰʶˣҲòȥ
㲻˵㶫ĻҶˣ̷ǹ㶫˾Աǹʡʡ㶫һ֪ˣǾʲôˡȻߣǰһЩ飬ƵʱҲ̸̷ɵǵͷ
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Сѩѿ˧ѽǲӦðҽһѽ
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ȫҽѧᣬһӴҽѧʢѽʸμӵģȫȫҽҽѧԺΪѧѩܱ𺺽Ƽμӣ֤ѩĳɼǳá
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544 Ů֮Ĳ
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ѩĸΪྩҽԺԺС䳤ĺѩǳӣЩȽϹķ꣬ǰûȥҲ벻Լֵط
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Ȼ̫ˣҲҪСѩѧУأɲѧУ쵼ġ


545 ư¼1
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546 ư¼2
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547 ư¼3
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548 ͷ
ѩɫѾڻָϵǹҲѾȫʧΪҩЩڣʹĺѩվĿǰûС
οҲɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬֪ӷǸ߿״ԪݣҲӷǰϣ֪ӷǸ¶ڣ粻òȥ룬鵽ϣǲ˸Ķ硣
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549 δɵ
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551 ݸĽ֮
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ͳ󣬵ص˶Ϊʮ˽֡ûʲô壬ֻԵƵġ
Сʱĸ׾ѾˣĸһֽǸǳТ˳Ůôķ⣬Ҳҵôгɣһֱסûн̻Ի͵ıҲûʮʮӶˣǳͨ˰࣬صصңһӣΨһŮ
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ʮ˽ϣ춼вͬ˿ԼСԶľЩгĿҲǼֲˣ͸˵λѶŵܲá
ڣͬһʱ䣬ϵˣе۾˴ӽͷһɫɫͣڳӷڵ̯λԱʱѾкܶϳһ˹˹Ǽӳ͵ģҲĿǰȫΪͺţڵļ۸
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˰죬ԭӷ޳ΪҪԼԼ̸ʲô飬ΪԼ̳ʱ䣬һαƣһڶȴ޷


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556 
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ϰ˰֣˵ˣԼȥǡ
Ůվԭزҽӻͬһʱ䣬칫ҵִ򿪣ֻһʻˣ˽ϴģòƿݵ·
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۵Ա϶ڴûһ˵ʲôȫԼȥˡ
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ֻ飬ŶǲỳԼġǽӶҥԴ㶭ôԼҲΪЩҥɵġ
ӷ磬̫ˣһҪһ


557 
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Сͨ죬ŭ㣬ˣ޳ɣûκηֱ𡣡
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ұϰ壬Բܡ
ҵȻҪˣ㲻ѶϣþܱסѶҸ㣬ֻҪҾ˵飬˵һϣһѶţʮϣһټѶţҲղ󡣡
ʵΣʵ˵Ҳûӷ绹еˣӷҲֻ˵˵ѣҲǳӷ·
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558 ҽѧ1
ڻĴſڣۼ˺ܶˣȫȫصģкüʿЩˣӵһַǳرְҵϣҲżߵĵλΪֻҪͨˣǵʱҲǵʱǾҽ˵ҽ
ȻҲвҽģЩˣҲһǳرְҵȴ˶ϲְҵǾǼߣһȺר鷳ļߡ
ȫصҽҽۼͬһط飬ȻСΪ죬йҽѧһһȵҽѧᣬⳡϣȫţƵҽͬʱᵮ½ҽǱҽЩˣҲҹҽѧ罫ϣ
ҽۼһⱣ棬ȻҲ١㶫Ѿһ֧ӹЩҽǿɲܳκ⣬򣬽ֱӶҡҹҽѧĸ
ĹԱһǰѾʼ׼ⳡҽѧˣҲǳˣҽѧԼĹϽٿ˵ҽѧᶼѾʼˣûн֮ǰйԱκεи
ĴѾʼڻſڵˣȴûнȥǶڵȣһ˵ĵˣйҽҲҽڹҽѧ磬żߵĵλǹҽѧͷͬʱҲʮЭĻ᳤һҽƵա
СѩηƵר̴Ϊ˽ȥҽоΪ޷ԵΪѧʱһҪȫȥĳɹչ˵ǰ
·ΪĻúѩѹǳⶼûѩѾƽʱࡣ
֣İɣһʦһĳɹ˵ġ
·Ϊ˵ͷҲòģΪҪ𺺽һоɹչ˵ǰ˿֮⣬ҪʵʵжԼŮҽѧԺѧϼҵʱҲֻ񿴹ССĸðˣҪô֪ҽѹ֮󣬺·Ϊ᲻֪
ѩĿǰ˵ͲҪٸŮѹˣڻôСҪô飬Ů侲һ°ɣĵʱ̨ŵһ仰˵ڡ
ѩʵڽţһ˫۾ȴΧͣɨš
Сѩʲô𣿡
ϸǰҪ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˳ӷĵҩûˡ
ûûУֻǲ֪Ƶʲôʱ򵽡
ϸߵѩǰĺѩļ˵СѩҪסģʦйҽҽ⼸ʮҹҽڲͣĽȴܵõͬǹңвٵҽƫҽģͣڴʦѪΪѧҪЩΪйˣȴйҽļһǴˣһֱĺסѧҽһҪȥйͬѧõҽ
үүģһǸʦʧġ
·Ϊúѩ̫࣬ϸһԣʵ֣ʦΪʲôҪСѩ
·Ϊͬǽ𺺽ڵѧ𺺽һֻܹѧǺ·ΪŮ
ϸ̾˿˵ֻ˵ϽѽСѩδҵ֮ǰȰ·̺ãСѩҽԺʱ˺ܺõĵӡϽҲ̫ðˣûȥ룬СѩǷܳܵסôѹҲϽСѩ̫˰ɣ
֣Сѩܳɹ𣿡
⻹˵𣬿Сѩӣ֪ѡϾҪԵģϽЩͷиҽһƵգ͵ȫЩҽļһ
ʵ֮ǰʦҹҡ
ǰ˵
ʲôʦҹ㣿ô˵
Ҳ˵ֻʦԸһҪСѩ֮ǰ¸ǵġ
ʦ˵ʲô
ʦû˵ʲôֻҽһŽ֡
˵꣬Ӱóһţݸ˺ϸ
ϸŲ𿪣һۣʱеͿ
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ϸûشֱֽŸ˺·Ϊ·Ϊӹһϵ׺ܼ򵥣Ҳͼְˡйɷġ
ˣ֣ʦʲô˼
ң˭ȥϽǼһʱ͹ŹŹֵֹģÿζܴ漣Ǿ͵Ȱɣǲ˳Сѩ
עˣƵѾˣǿȥӭӰɡ
һɫ۳һˣԼʮˣڼڵı£ӳ
ƵյĵҽѧᣬҲʽʼˡ
еҽеļߣľˣѾȥѩȴվſڷ
ӦһģҲ㲻ʧԣҳ֮ǰϵɣʵںܺ£


559 ҽѧ2
Ƶҽѧ磬ҽѧеĶҲǶҽϯκεĳϣǹϵЩҽѧۼʲôģٳϯֻǽҽԺҽѧΪ
βһŽʮ𺺽ҽϵоʹҽսҲκ֢Щ֢ҽ֮£һ漣һҽҲвҽҽѧϵĵλ
ƵкüΣԼ𺺽ڣҲһҽʲôطǣ𺺽ڵԸƧǷƵҽѧҽмȥ֮£Ƶֻһйʶһ½𺺽ҽ衣
ϧⳡйһһȵҽѧᣬ𺺽ڲûгֻ֣ɳѧƵղ𺺽ǲģҲ֪֪𺺽ڶѾһˣҽϵһЩȴܿ˵һ죬Լ͵ˣ߽𺺽ڵˣԼֱӴһԣƵβܵй𺺽һЩʲôоɹ
ǰ죬йҽѧ缸֪ҽˣȻƵˣȻһ̨ڳҽ˵仰
Ƶһɫװͷǰ׷վڻ̨֮ϣһ˫ɫ۾ɨһ۳ˣرעģйҽѧеЩˣΪһˣйҽĽ𺺽ڣԼһϲǣмĽ
һڲйڲλʱֱΪӢƵ˵ˣҽְҲÿһѧҽ߸ʱ˵һǰĲ鶼ûȥûȥоͶ˲˵˽̵ĻͲҽȻ˵ⷬ˵ڳκһҽǲʸģֻѴңʲôʲô֮£ҪԼһе
ЩһЩϻȴǷƵ˵ģڳˣòòơ
Ŀǰҽѧ˵ҽΪ֣һҽһ֣ҽɶ˵ʹҽҽ֮٣ûУҲòϣҽͬĶֻ֮ҽӴ٣Զҽ˽⣬ҲǺ
˶٣Ƶռ˵ΣйμйһһȵҽѧᣬΪģֻѧϰһ¡йһŻ˵ϣѧϣҽԶֹʹҲʱӣֻҪЩܲͣǿͿԽеĲʹѹȥڣйҽĽܳҽڣ𺺽̨Ϊҽһҽʶһҽ棬Щʲôɹ
𺺽ҽλȻ˵ѧҽĻѧҽģǳҲһЩˣһŽ𺺽ڴѹȥʹԼܸһȣЩˣҲȫˡ
֣νûֻɳһѧӣǿԺúһˡ
ǰλϣҽЦǶڵŽ𺺽ڵоɹƷһϣ顣
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У˵ĿⶼɨţҲû֪ѩ˭ģǶڵȣҲʶһ£ĸ˶ܵõ𺺽ڵ洫
ѩԽԽţƵйԼʱ嶼ʼ
·ΪСѩҪֻ̫࣬ҪһʦѧĶ˵Ϳˡ
ѩ˵ͷ˵СѩͣԼ͵һͨĿ԰ɡ
ϸû˵Ϊ룬𺺽˵Ĺ˵˭ʲôط⣬ϸҲѾµȻ𺺽ţҲ֤ᣬһԼŮΪѵģ
ѩվ˿̣ڳе۾ҲȫΪȫֻкѩһվ
ԶСѩͣеġ
磬⼸ѩദĲ𡣡һԱ˵
УҸСѩѾΪ˺ѡ
ǳá磬ҪסѩѣΪʵΪһʦ𺺽ڹڵ֪ģͨѩ𺺽µĻǶǰ;кܴİ
ֻǿЦһ£ȥκˣﵽκĿġҺѩĽԼѿģԼôȥúѩ
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ѩѾ̨ȥƵ˫ɫ۾ҲڽĶźѩڴ̨йСѾͷԼôľϲ


560 ҽѧ3
ڶҽĿ֮£ѩѾ̨ͬʱƵգҲѾǰ棬мλϡ
һƬྲ־̨ϵĺѩ˵ԵļΪֲЩԼ֮⣬ѾȫҽˣһЩ˲¹ͷĹޣÿһ˵񣬶ҪѩѧĶը⣬ֻߣúѩ²̨
ѩ˫ǿ˿ԼˣȻתҽѧԺǱߵ磬Լһ͵ƣѩ˿˷磬˵ҸհʦʱʦҵĵһÿβҽǶҽĿ˽⡣
ӣѩ治һĽţûиڳʺãҲûҽܣֱӽ⡣⿪żɽķҪ˵һѷϻõĶࡣ
ʦ˵ҽʵһżӲ׬ǮĹߣһһѧҽ˵޷ԼѧĶһȥϧĻǽͲܽ˵ϣҽҲԲΪһҽ
ѩĿͷ䣬˵ѾͷڳһˣͻϵľҪ󣬱Ķ࣬ԣǽ𺺽ڣҲûʸڸһ̨˵ɡǴģǽ𺺽һҽоɹϣ˵ÿһ仰ҽйأ򣬾ͱ˷ǵʱˡ
ãһʼҲľͿˣʹԭͽŵĺѩʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
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Ƶҽѧ綼ǵ¸أȻֻ룬һСѾͷ𺺽һоɹкܶˣ̫ףԣҾûҪһϳǽԱķʽ֤𺺽ڵоɹõģûõġ
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װվҽѧҲҹҽѧһʵġ
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ȲҪϽ˵Ĺ˳ְɡ
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ѩĺˮѾð˳Ȼһ̧սʦҽǾͲƽӹ֮ԼĿǰѧҲѽһˣԼүүĸ̨ģͲƽˣԼѧԺǱߣҲֻм쵼ˣǸӲ̨û˰ԼԼ֪ѧ֮£ѩô졣
䣬䣬ˣǶʦӣͬʱҲ͵ڸȫ磬ҽҽĻԼɾͳΪҽˡ
ѩͻȻԼϳеһԼеĵӣӣҲнԼѹ
йѾͷҿҲһɣŹƽȻѧУûкʵѡĻҲԴӳѡһڳÿһˣԸⳡУҽҽ˫һЩġ
ƵҲǸöҲһֱûҽڹ򣬾ͲͬǸҽĽˡ
ѩһ˫۾ţӣҲֻæˡ
ƵѧУģֻһѧ⼸λѧУ쵼ʦྩҽԺ棬Ҳȫ쵼˸ҽԣҲһܳҵġ
ȻˣǾͰ˵һɡ
ѩΪѣңԼУǸļһ鷳
ѩü֮ڴſڣһ
Ȼû˿ңС㲻ĻҵǿԳ䵱һ֡


561 ̨ܲͬ
νĹˣһҪ󣬶ʺϵʱ䣬ʺϵĵص㣬ΪҪʱ֣ǾǹˡȻ˻ݣǱˣһ˶ˣ
ӷӴſڻ룬ߣһŮŮϵ֪ʿҲǹϵŮǿˡ
쿴ǲѶŵܲãô
ڳҽе⣬ҽǮĸ̣ĵòеԾҲ룬ѵѶнҽѧƣܲãܵһ꣬ʲôˡ
ӣѩѽؼʱ̣Ȼվ˻һ磡
ҽۣǳУľҲѾ뵽ԼֱӷˣӷԼ̳ϵŮˡ
ϸڼӷһ̴̣λ˳ӷ绹δߵǰϣ˳ӷǰ
ˣ㡣
ϸ»ϲȻʱֻģмӷ磬Ӱ㺫ϸڹŹʮ˶ˡ
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л˵ľ֮ѽϹͷһʱ䡣
ϿˡǵҸྩϣŮͬȹҵ𣿡
ϸ˵͵Сѩʱ̫嶯ˣȴ֪ûǶ˼ʱֵĻԿģСѩ
ϳҽǰ֮⣬棬ҲһЩѽ
ʱ𺺽ӴˣҲѧһЩö˼Цˡ
ϣͲö˵ĽˣǽҳӷɣȻǽ𺺽ڵѣҲʶ𺺽ڣǴҾԼˣٸҿ
Լˣ
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ȲźС㣬ͽ𺺽ôԿķ˵ɣֻϣǸЦ
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ëѾ¶˻뱻ҵǰɡ
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Ҫϻ˵ȥҵ궼ˣСѽIPˣҵԣȫɾҪ졣


563 
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żӷɫѿʱһǣǾͿ϶ʲô顣
ӷüͷޣҵ£ܸżǣǱôģкѩƿҩԼĵҩڻɵģԼ̵飬𺺲֪ѽҲûôǮȥҩ۸ĵȥ飬Ͻúѩţô֪Լⳡҽѧϵģ
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˿̣ҽʿѾ̧һˣ˵ĳ֣ʹڳˣ
ҲҪģȾĲǲͨȾģҿԷġ
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Ѿ̧̨ѩԽʮ꣬ȴƤȴѮ˵Ļߣʵһ£Ⱦģʲô
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Ҳ˵ܵġʦˣôܻڡʦĻ˿ô£
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ˣѾԣӷҲûʱȥܺѩ磬ĵŴȫرҷų飬ĵڲΧסʹĲ޷й


564 
ĵڲɫ֩ΧֻҪӷ粻ڻڵĲͻܵƣ˿й
ڵǣйҪôЩأ
εǴβһûн󸣬ӷҲܸϴһѽңһεĳɹҪʱ˺ͣ۵һ߶ˣ죬ʱԣز˲룬ʳӷðա
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ŵڵϵЩˣǵƤѾڽҲ˵ѾֵĲʼڳÿһ˵ϸʹϻϻŲһСʱ˶ΪһʬҲ˵ӷֻһСʱʱ䣬һСʱ֮ڣֱֲ
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磬׳ʲô£ôҪƵġ
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ģ񹦻壬ĲҲ˲ҡʱ̣ߵ£ʱҪ֪
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֪ᷢ飬ǰӦöѧһҽˣ
ӷڿҪѼϼܣ黭ͨĺܣҽӷ֪Ĳࡣ
ƾ䣬ȻһѪҺɣ
ڳӷôҽԲѪҺлͬʱƴţѾ޳ɸ˹
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յϢǱߺʲô顣
ڳ£ܰɣµĻôûһ㱨
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̫ˡţСƽ֣Ǵܡβһûдܣڸŵ㲻𡣶ңţʱ䶼ǸӷһģڴţڣǾ˵ӷҲͶڣӾǳûлྩȥ
Խһ£ϴһ绰ྩǱߵĻѸϷǼ˵Ŀ֣гӷӵ绰Ҳ˵ڼңԽɫ䣬ڹ˵绰˵ӷԽԽˣھֳô£ڻܵȥˡ죬֪֪ţСӵʲô
Ŀǰڹָ֣ѾڻΧļֵȫˡң񻹽еҽִյҽۼ
ҽˣһһȵҽѧڵĻľУòᣬҽѧйذɡ
¿ɴСΪ˷ֹӷֳʲôӣҿǻȥһڰɡ
Ǻãҽ׼Ͼȥ
ˣҵĳ棬ھ͸Ϲȥ


565 Σ1
ڻſڣвѾȫλЩûʸμҽѧҽҲѾ˹Ŀǰλãû֪׷ʲô£ΪʲôҪĸΧҪΧļֵȫѲɣڻڣʲô
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ƴţóֻͨ˳ӷ֮ǰõĵ绰ӷȴûнӣûƴţǽ磬ǧʲôѽɲġ
ƴţ˶ɼԣѾһ޷ĵز
޳վڻƴţߣҲ±ƴţֱʵţ磬׳ʲô£ΪʲôҪܵ
ڷأѾ˵һ仰û˰㵱ư͡ˣҲҴĵ绰Ϊֹ
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ڹֵľֳʵƴӣȫйֲǵ׷ʲô£Ǻģϼ쵼֪ˣ˭еѽ
ӿɾ㣬£һҪܡ˭Ҹй¶ĻǾȫؼȥֻԼӲеһҲã϶Ҳգڣȫӵָӡ
ֳΣǻƼңûȥƼҴٵͷҲ˵ģλүӣԼԲˣѽЩԱλүҪ·ߣοԼֻССĹֳ
첻СӵĿԽԽˡھֵĻ𣬾Ȼܵ¡
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˵޳Ҳһ
㶫޳µģֻһˣȴĸףΪ޳ɵĸ׸͹ܲסôҲ޳û취һｵһ㶫ڣ޳µģǹ㶫˾Ա죬Ҳֻе죬һ˫ȭͷ޳ɼɻ䡣
һתһһŮĵǵûһ˵ĸ棬˵ݣȴ
йֵľֳ˿֪Խ޵ۣǾǻƼҴ٣ҲԷ޵ǰ
ʡ˾ԱôͻȻˣ
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ƴţһԼĺԴ̵ģ˭й¶Ϣô͹ˣ
ţ磬ô죿˾Աʡҿɲȥ
ӣҲ֪ô죡
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ԽƤЦⲻЦţӦ˵ʲô磬СӸ˰ɣôҵĹϽ֮ذ̨ݴϷ𣿸պã̿ϷĹûг
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̣ĲܽȥȻȻΣյġ
ʵţСʲô˼ʲôΣգӷ絽ʲô
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˵ǰɣϰѾӵСܴҿһˣôֵ㶫
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˵
绰ң˵ڣȫǲڻڵˣȫȾˡ
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˵ģѾһȾˣ˭ȥᱻȾģңǱֲ
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С²Դ֪Ӳó֮κ֪򣬻ֻŵġ
ô飬ôš
̣ǳ罻ģ˵ᾡȫԿģҽЩ˴ųһа취
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ӦûɣȻ
˵ţ˵û²ҿȵȵ˵ɡԶһ㣬Ĳ
Խ˵ϵӷ磬Ҫͨ
绰ˣɳûѽ
򣬲ҪͣĴ򡣡


566 Σ2
ڣҽҽԺѸȾĻ͹ʱͬʱҲ˰Ѽֳõҽѧ˹ѪҺʲôУóӷҲʡġ
ǵڹ¶Ժʱ򣬳ӷûʱҲῴһҽѧ飬䲻Ứ̫˼ƾż䣬ѪҺûġ
˼ӵĻ飬ӷ緢֣ʴԽԽǿˣڳÿһˣϵƤҲѾϻһĵزƤϻ֮󣬽λˡ
û뵽ⲡ֮󣬱еҪĶࡣƾһ֮ûеҩϣҪֿסⲡǲܵ¡ڸô죡
ӷļĿ˿żǣÿһӵʱ䣬żǵͶһΣա
ʣСʱСʱڱҵԿķ򣬲ڳЩûҲܻᷢڶεı֣ͻİΧȥ
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ӷ磬ôˣû°ɣ
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Ȳ˵ô࣬ȸĵָʲô
ӷ̾˿ƴţûסˣȻѾ֪ˣҲѾˣҲ˵ǱߣܿͻõϢ
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ӷЦ裬ҲѽϾҽ棬ҶĲǺܶ࣬ǣѾ֣ͨȾģԷסˣѾΣˡҲ˵ڣ˭ܽҲܳ
ӷôһ˵ԽĸӽĸǸ뿪ˣֻҪĵŻ򴰴һ㣬ͻᴫȥ˽ȥˣӷҲˣӷ޷µĻǸȴһѵķʲô
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Σ͸ԼûκιϵھȻ˵ԼˣԽĶӣ治һѽ
裬ģȻ鱻ҸˣһᾡġڣҪһҽųңκҽѧҪʱǱڵһʱҴ𰸡⣬裬̷ȥһˡ
Ҫ˭
ྩҽѧԺĽ𺺽ڡ
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ȥྩӦþڡû´ĻεĲ¼Ӧøйϵ
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Ҳ޷̫֮࣬ҵ𺺽ڡ
绰һҶϣӷеڶεѪҺʱͻȻڳӷĵذ壬ͻȻƿ漴һ̨Һʾӵ£
һʹĳӷһô£ʲôôһ̨Һʾ֣
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ҺʾȴûгʲôĻ棬ֻǳһĵơ
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һҺʾ𣬳ӷһᣬʵʲôˣ
һЦȻ˵ʲô˲ҪҪǣʱ䲻ˡ
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ݺң
˵ôʲôݺݺģ㵽ʱҲԸ߱ˣΪߣٶ֣ԲŲ²ģֻ˵ҪŲСȻܽ´ãɣڳ˵ľˣҲţйһλҽֻϧڵӣûⲡˡ
㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪⲡǲģ
ųӷˣѧϣ֮ҲûҪĴǰ˵ʲôϻˡûһУƵģΪģҲֻ̫ںѣ㲻ӦﺫѩĻͲⳡ¼Ҳᷢ
Ҳ˵𺺽ڵҩ׼õġ
ûЩҩȷ̫ˣҶƲˡڣЩҩֵҲɡ
ǽ𺺽ڣӦɣ
ģҪԸģֻ㣬ɵȥӵ¡ȵѵһ̣λĸףǸλҲסˣᱻۣã˵Ϊ˻˵ԽĶӣһɱȫеҽ
ӷһЦüƣȦףͬʱĸ׸㣬֡
ҪӶ˵ʶ֮⣬ΪҪġͺúʣСʱɣСʱ֮ˣɾͶඡ
һֱͲ٣ĿǰΪֹˣûгҲǺηʥֻ㣬̣ˣһᵽݺҳӷ³Ƕôҡ


567 èץ1
ĳһڰСڡ
װźų̈ӵӣЩӵȫʱʾģȻڻĻ档
һ£ȴòļһ￴żӵеÿһ棬ӷԽּ飬ɵķһЦ
һӷжԭͨһΣʱͬš
¼һƶתǱԼӵӣŵģһ͵ߣߣǽ𺺽ڡ
𺺣ӣܿͶסˡε³ԼᵹùͬʱԼҡԽ̨ӣԶˡ
𺺽¼һǰľɳϣһҲûжϣȴûаĽǣûֽŵ顣
ĵɣⳡϷǳܵġұҪ㣬ļƻտʼʱҲעѾ˾ͷ
𺺽ҲǷһЦ¼һ˿η壬൱ӡ
ӣЩһˣģҲȫЩ׵Ķ㻹浱ڵĳӷǶʮǰĳ𡣾͵ӷų۵֮ʱı仯֮£ʮǰֶΣҲѾκˡ
٣ʮǰڵһȫˡ
˵ûʮǰһսȷˡˣҲԼ㣬ǵڣû˸ȥʮǰ顣ɽ˲ųѸĳҲ۵ˣҲѾȫĵһ
ôǰʱϽǷ粨ڵ˰֣סɲԯڳ죬ϡ
¼һЦϸ¡ûȷڵѡⲢǵذ񣬾Ҫ˰̫ܣǵذ˰񣬸ƨ硣
˵ô࣬㻹֤ڵĵذ񣬱˰ǿ̫࣬ӣҲȶʮǰĵذļһʹɾˣҲûʸ棬Ϊʮǰһĵذʮ㣬ܶࡣ
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Ѿȥˡ
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Ѿ뵽ʲôˣܵϰ壬鲢еҡ
С磬Ӧ֪ҽ˾ʹûлɹ㡣ν˲ɣ˲ãȻҸ㣬ǾͲӦû㡣ǣε飬òҶ룬Ҳ룬˾ˣҲġ
ϵĻһѾԵ֤ӷļƻĳɹƺӶϴˣ
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˵ʶǹŻţöϸӻԼ
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ֿһ磬˵˵ϰ壬ʵڲ˼ΪһһҪ̸ȸˡŶ룬磬ΪĹϵʱ䣬һȽĹָˣٿǽĹɡ
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ϰ壬ҸȥһWC
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573 ҽĻ
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Ƶ귿ڣƴţᲱӣ¸¡ɫе԰׵ȴŭޱȡ
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޳ɱ߰ƴţĦһ߳ʱƴţŰΣգ
˵ϻʵǣԷ˼У˳
ƴţתƻ⣬ڳӷǰҲתƲѽֻܽʱһһʮ˵һ顣
˻ƴţ˵ԷһУͽ⸱У޳ɶ̲סЦ˳ɣƴţһȭߡ
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ҲΪĵġذϹ⣬һǰѾྩ˽𺺽ڡ߽𺺽˵ǸϹ˻Ʊ˵ʶ֮⣬֮ͨҲ˵ֵ߳ˣ߾ˣпǸϹ⡣
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𺺽ЦƵйһԻĵطЩˣϲҡҲңı𣡡
Ǿ̫ˡڣΪҽǿΪκøĲˣһҪҵҩһеһ漣ѽ
еѡҲҲҩԸȽϹŹ֣ҩҲҩĿǰ϶ҩų˵ҪΪҽѧ㹱ףҪȳһҽҩڹϵĵλС
𺺽ЩһרҽϣҲ뽫ҽҽѧһ۷壬ΪҽһֱѹҽԽ𺺽һ֮ʲôģȻõĻᣬ𺺽ҲûȥʳӷǷͬ⣬ҪҩȫͬҽڳԽҽ
ϽЩ飬ɲ̫ˡ
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ˡλǶйҽѧе̳ӦðЩ˿ŶԣͲҪٶˡ
Ƶն˶٣ֵҽ飬ҿǵȼҩԸҩ̸̸ɡ


574 ڵѰ
԰ӷϵĴŻƴţ޳ܵˣͯЦݣӷ·һ̷Եɱ¾еĸصԼͯʱ㡣
ǵСʱÿЩĸԼŮȥ԰棬ҵͻеһʧ䡣
ӷţ߸пǰʱ⡣
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ӷһЦ˵ʵҲڵҸǰʲôһӲҪ˵㲻һĵطҵҵĸĸȺֵܽáֻϧˣЩѪԴϵˣȴ壬ҳҶϾһйϵʲôƻʲôҲǲֻ֪˹ڵ黹û֮ǰһʱ䣬ϣʱͨһУҲһǹϺܺõǵ³ܲң
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һĻطȻһңˣ˰ǹŵļ֮⣬ǴԼŮԼŮֳȥ
ͬʱֳıԱҲһʱ䱨ˣ֪Ǻڰɱ¼ԼֻССıɲΪһһǧǮСϡ
ӷƴţǰӷʵǶϽҵİɣ
СӣȻ֪Լ˭Ǿ˵ϻˡԼ˶ϣҪֵ֣ܶ

ȳӷ˵ƴţһЦ㽶ģҲȥЩһǵǲ֪
ţ֣һ㡣
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575 һȺɵ
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Ҳ³Ȼҽ㣬Ϊ˰㣬ֻҪŵĹңҾͿԱ֤ӷ磬ֺ
ʵ˵ģô㣿
ҲҪңֻҪ֪
ˣҲһΪ˵Ϊҵ£ãǮС
ãֻҪܰҶȹεѹأҪʲôҶ㣡


577 ֦ɱ
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ӳɳѾˣ⼸ɳͬ־ҲѾˣھ͵ϼָʾˡ
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꾯ʶ޳ɣ޳ΪӣҲ֤޳ɸ꾯Ĺϵ
϶ӳԭѽǾͺðˡ
꾯еգ޳ɴ߳ε飬òָйذɣ
޹ӣοǾֳµңҲ֪ʡ˻ڣû뿪֮ǰھԲܷʲôӵġйصĻǽȥһ°ɣҲʡǵΪѽ
϶ӳģҳҪǡ£ǲùˣȻ˴ġ
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˼˵ѵ鷳ܸ޳ѵģҲԲͨ㣬Ӧúɡ
޹ӵôɲǺǵģ鲻ĻҿǺͽһ°ɡҸڵҲˣҪҸк
ˣȻﲻ֪鷳ҲûҪˡ϶ӳڿȥ׼һ£˵֮ǰͷء
޳ɵĻ϶ӳԽԽͿ׻ǺͿ϶ӳ֪޳ɵѻԼﲻģɲҪ˽վӣⲻˣ˵ԼݣѾѳְˣ
ֳڡ
ӷһ֦һһĳ߹ȥ
Ǵͷ˼ԼɽЩȫѾ˵ϣһֻʣ°ˣȻеľʮˣȻ˶򲻹Сӣ治һĻѽ
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л켸ͬһʱ䶯ֵģӷҲͬһʱ佫е֦һԼĻ˹ȥ

һĻǵĻ档
ӷȻһ֦ͨͿ۶ϵ֦еĸֵϳ롣
һ˫۾ķǳ󣬶ҪˣĿųӷ磬ͬ˹㡣
⣬ⲻܣ
ӷϴźЦݣʵˣ
ʱ򣬾Ȼ⣬⣬ȻǳʵĻشʮʮˣ
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ǳĵһ죬Ӧ뵽Լô³Ȼ˵ÿһڵģôҵ³ҪǿʲôˡֻϧǼҲ˵Ǹˣԣȫܻ뿪
ôһϻµҩ治֪֮Ҫæʲôʱ
Ѷţϣܿ죬۵ˣ
ӷӰһûʹκεȴЩΧͣĴš
գۼ䣬գۼ䣬һĻء

һ󾢷磬ͻȻӳӷϮӷ¶һȽ˼Цݣ˸йߣ
ҵֵܵ˿̫ðɡ
ৡ
һ󵶷ֱӷ磡


578 ս
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ӳ󻺻ƶգۼ䣬Ѵӳӷ߻ڵϣһĺۼȴûиӷκε˺
ѹְҵ˵˿ԭҲӡ
˵֮𽥳ڳӷ߷ΧΪһӣһͷһɫ£һţп㣬ֱϣһͻ98Żеǡ
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ȳӷ翪ڣ޳ǰǮʢ㣡
Ǯ磬ǣСӣСǸӣ
Ѿڵ޷Ļ԰Ǯʢȣ
ǮʢǲмĿһ۵ڵϵЩˣ䶼Լˣ䲻ܿǱӷ統һĿǰ˵ЩСģȷˣԼԣǮʢֻ˵һ䡰ûõĶ֮ӷȣʵǽӴ˵Сӣ
ӷ粻ɵЦЦֹ֮ͣʱ˵Ҳ˵ĻҾͲòϣϵĶӣ治һĽ󡣡
ٸ˵ϻ˶ӣ˶³ֻһ
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ҲҪ֪˭ҲǸˡ
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޳ɣҪȸҲϷˣھȻΪУѵͲպϵ˵𣿡
޳ϵҲһҲȥΪ޳ɣ͵Ƕ㶫ڵӶŸɣǾһֻۣһֻۣ򣬺ڵĺܲң
޳ɺѾͷˣ˵ʲôϻ
ûƬ̵ͣ٣޳ɶԳӷ˵ӣһϵν֡

ӷһЦйĺڵϣÿһһ񵥣ҲǰճġǰĻž˰ϣֳһ˼
֪ˣͲӦýྩˣǶԸСɫҲȽҵĻӰͷ
ӣǮʢʵ䲻ӦûҪ֣
ӷתͷһ޳ɣʵϣ
ǺǣСܿɲĶ֣ţû⡣
ƴţһ˵ǲӣûղ˵ԶСӹ
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ӷĻǮʢĳԾʵ㣬Ƕˣ
Ҷ֮⣬ĿǰӦûɣ̤ϵɡ
ڱӷһ֣ʱϾɻ̫࣬һңһԼңȥǵģرǳۣҪʮ겻֣һ֣νǾض
ǱߣʱҲûɶڵȴһᣬһԳӷ磬ͬʱԱ
Ƕеʲôˣپ
ӷҡҡͷ
ף
ӷٴҡͷ
׷ꣿʯͷˣܲ֩ɣ
ӷЦû뵽ҴˣѾ˽֪ˡûһѪ
ˣپģǡͷ
ڻҪʲôˣֻҪ֪ϺڵҪˡǣϺڵ֮ǰұҪϵҵ磬ԣ֮ǰҲ֣ҲǸһսʱɡȻҪﶭϵĻҲͬһʱ䣬ȫ
Ǯʢ˫۶Ѫ˿붯ֲ֣Ҷ֣־Уʵ̫ʹˡ
ӷɲȥǮʢѿֱӳſȥҲҪǮʢ߾ûɢһɱ
Լ˱УԼȴҪŶִҡڵĴԼ߹ǮʢһҲҶ
ƴţ޳ɸڳӷھǮʢʱƴţҪҸʱ֣
Ǻˣ
ջţԽţ磬ҲԳΪţү
ƴţСƼҼ̳ˣ
Ǯʢͷ亹һͷһСû֣ԼôĶ֪
ֳⶼûˣǣѾʽսһϵĺڵսҲչ


579 ѩ
ӷֱӻ˾Ƶ꣬ûȥҽԺҲûȥѩż磬Ϊӷ鷳һҽԺ˵ʱڻſڵЩˣǻǸ
ҽԺǱߵѾȫȶˣϵĲҲѾȫκġ
𺺽ڽҽԺǱߵһһӷ˵һ飬ȻżѾûˣǽӷͿһȥչѶˡ
ţ𺺽ڣҿҲϾǱǸϹץʲôֶΣƵͷϣֽһ粨
ϹǸǳһĻļһڵֲͬһЩֶΣԼĵ֮ء
𺺽ڵ˵ͷֺʲô˵ȴֲôƵġ
𺺽飬ӷʵ𺺽ڣԼˣҲҵĳˣʲô飬ֱӿڰɣҪ̫
Լˣ𺺽ڵȷǣ֣𺺽ڿɲҵ
ʵġҲ֪ҹҽڽʮڹеһֱҽѹš˶֪ҽһֱȽ鷳ЧʱȽϳҽҽһҽּЧϿҩʹջָģԣڴ£ŵҽҽȥʮ꣬ҽòڹһλȫҽǣǸʱҽȫʧ
˽𺺽ڵĻӷʵ𺺽ڣҹҽ̳Ȼ֪ҽѾ˽ŵĵزǾӦøŬİãڣ˵Щ飬治ʲô˼
ģ¼֮Ѿкܶ뵽ǵʱྩҽԺԵҩǸӰҽҲΪԵҩ˵ģεĲ¼Щҽָһҩ֮
ҩ˼Щѽ治֪ôȥ˵ǡһҵϵõҩɣ
𺺽˵ֻΡΪҹҽЩҽңҲ¶棬ҽڹϴֻҪͬ⣬ĵҩ˵һں̵ܶʱڣҽѹȥģǸʱҹҽҲкܶˣҽѧϰ
ҽѧ飬˵ʵӷһȤҲûУԼҪҽѧһҵĻͲҪȵڣྩԵҩʱѾԵõһЩҪĶˡ
ҲҽЩνľ֮£ǽȥɡңҵĵҩѾϹһϴգƵҩԭҲûУ֪ôȥƵҩһʱҲ𺺽ڣһɳһ磬һһ죬ÿһ˶ÿһ˸ʱʲôָʲôŲҪҶ˵Ӧúɡ
ӷֱӵľܾ𺺽Ҳ൱ΣҲȻӷʲô飬£еĵˣɿʨδɵ顣
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ᣬҲڻıҽ̨Ӳ߽
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ҽɫѿҧݣ˵ԣϲģҭţȴһõʱҩƳԴ˰ȹҽѧĵλҽȥ
ʦҩеЩҩ˵һ淢飬ǲǻᱻ𺺸ѹסҽҲһǧԽҽڸô
ϼһ浱Ǻ۸ˣÿγʲôоѹҡһΣҾԲԸġ
ʲô飬ͽȥɣһʦʧġ
һǣңûŮûмͥҪ׸㶨ӣҲֻܴǸѧˡ
ʦ˵ǺѩѾͷ
ûȥҼŵĹˣǮҲûϵѾͷҰˡ
ܣ
ҽ湻ݵģΪҽȻ飬һˣ֮أ
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ˣʦ͵ǵĺϢɣʱһϲģһԸ㶨
ϣѩҽѧԺһҿȶҽѧϵ顣
ڶ˸߳ʱͻȻһûйյĺɫСٿͣ˺ѩߡ
Ÿһ򿪣ĸˣֱӽѩ˹ȥ˳
类ƵڵأźѩߣұΨһģ֪ͨྩҽѧԺ쵼𺺽ڣ


580 ֪
Ѿ׼ྩĽ𺺽ڣΪӵྩҽѧԺμӴ˴ҽѧἸ쵼ĵ绰̽һƳ̳ӷڵľƵȥ
ھƵſڣྩҽѧԺļ쵼ˣҽѧԺļ쵼ˣһ磬ȫȴŽ𺺽ˣ𺺽³ྩҽѧԺżڣСѩˣ
𺺽ڷǳغѩⲻΪѩǳӷѣҲΪѩǺϸŮΪѩҽѧϵ츳Ľ𺺽ڹĿ࿴һ뽫ѩҽһе̳
񣬺ѩܣ𺺽᲻˫ץסྩҽѧԺţʵ׷ʲô£Сѩôᱻܣ
ǰ˵ڣҸСѩѧԺĿҽѧϵ⣬ɸһСѩͱ˸ץˣҲұЩ˺Сѩ֪ͨŸСѩĸĸ
绰䣬һƳ̳³ģǺѩүүĸĸ
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·ΪȥȻҪȽ𺺸ӽԼŮʲôǧС㣬ԼҲֻྩҽԺԺһûǮûȨôܻ˴ԼŮעأ
ʲô˵ˣѾȫ֪ˡ·Ϊ֪ڶܵСѩİȫǿǧҪЩ˺пܻСѩġ
ϸʵϽô졣ղѧԺ˴绰ǣΪʲôǽеӦȥСѩŶѽ
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𺺽ʵǵʲôˣΪʲôҪҵѧ
ϻ˵ҪѧЩжҽоɹһҲ١ڵص㣬һ֪ͨġסǧҪɵ£ʲô֮ģҲϣ򣬾͵Ÿѧʬɡ
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ڵˣҪѧܣҲ㹦ѽʲôᣬʹ绰ǲ֪


581 
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һΣûκξӵİΧҲûкڵϵһжֵƽ
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˶٣ӷʵ𺺽ڣû뵽Էʲôˣ
ҹƲĻӦǻ쵰

ǣһҹҽѧеߣѧģ̵ģҽЩҲоҽһ뽫ҽչȥһܳҽǻ쵰Ҳһֱԣ뾡һа취ҪҵЩоɹƷΣһŰСѩвңоǶȥȻҵЩожֽţ֮ǰȥĶȫϡ
˰죬ԭҽѧеᡣô˼ҵʹδֹͣѹң볬Խ㣬ûЩĻҲֻǸΰܵҵѣԣҲûˡ
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ѩûлԣҲܡ
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ӷߵѩǰЦЦ˵˶ܵ㡣
ĺѩ˿˵лл־һΡ
øҿʱڳϣ㲻Ҳȹ𣡡
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ôҵѣҾͲ¡⣬ط˼СʱˣһҲܣ˯һѹ󣬾ܼļˡ
ӷһַֻ˺ѩĶͷϣȻ䣬ѩֻͷκģ˻״̬
𺺽ڣϰ˴ߣҪ˷ˡоǣúѩú˯һʱͶΪɡ
𺺽һĺͿȻ˶ѾˣҲѾˣΪʲôҪúѩ״̬⼸ܺѩˣλڴʲôע⣿


582 żݷѶ
һɹ˵㵽ݵͣҲὫ㽻һˣǸԼӣûµĻǻֱӽеĲҵֽҲȱܹǿ
Ȼгɹˣһͬ㡣ԼĶôǶ뾡һа취ȥ࣬κεֶΡ
ǰûĶӽѶţǾʱδ϶̫أԲŻһڣϲòӵļƻǰˡ
Ѷ˾ĴŸһ򿪣ϾѶи߲㿪ᣬݷǳ򵥣һǹ类֮£˺ܶɣ֤ŵżϵܣʺϵѶܲһְڶΪڶʱ֮޷ҵһʵܲãҵʵ֮ܲǰϽ½ӹѶšǶӽ쿪ʼʽѶŹΪһŵľģѶŵԱϣҪ׵ǰЩǸԱȫ½һ㣬һȫµĹԱ
ѶžεĻ飬˵˾ʼ٣Ա˵ȻΪһ˾ҪǾϰ̨Ҫǳ⣬ȻһúõĹ˾ʲôеĺõĹ˾бҪô󶯾
˶ĳεĴ٣һΪĶ·ǽǰһһĳΪͬһʱͽȫѶ˾ɾҪֱӵˣ
һæϽһȫ˸һ飬ȴûзκε⣬ҵ棬޵һϢѶÿһְԱĶʱһΪƽˣְԱ˵ϸڹӲţʱΪɽֻǸϵĶӶ˼¡
ԹԶǷǳµģΪǺ»ǻ£ֻҪһȥǾǺҲΪ£¾;ԲܱΪ¡
Ѷŵڲ̳ϣһƷ̳ϣ˵QQϷȵȣڽ֮ڣѾʮŵӣֶϵĲβ壬Ӳ֮¡
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Ǹˣ֪Խǽ;͵ΣȥȺڽоȥͻԽԽԶѡ˳ĬֻҪһʱ䣬Ȼ䵭ԼԼ飬ȺڸѶţҲ𽥵ڡ
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ϻ䣬Ҳԣŭ߳˹˾


583 
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ϷһЦ˵棬Ŀɰ˻ѽǿ֪ҵĺ飬һ˶Ѫ£ġߣĺ飬йˣǺͷŵϷ˾֮ǰʢ޷ҵｫļϷͷȥڣӷҲͬܰ쵽
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ڵɫ࣬޳˵ÿһ仰ͬ㣬̽ؿڣֱࡣ
ϰ壬Ҳô£Ϊµ飬ûʼ棬мڵſأҾȲˡ
޳ЦʹĶԽĽš
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漴һŮŮ˹ضϵĵطЩ˲ǺڵҲ̳ϵÿһ˶Ӱϻһ鹤֤ԣЩˣȫǼߡ
˵һܰйأ֪Ǽ٣
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Ǳ˵ôܸʲôܰйأⶼҡ
޹ģݸϵĵλ˵˭أ
ѽǽרãǱݵģҲ԰㣬ֻҪ㽫˵ǾͻὫ˵ÿһ仰Ǳ˶֪Ǳԩġ
ҡ
ȶ˵ݺ֮ˣ˵˵˸ӶΪ˰æҵ˲ǳ£ǲڣڶ˸е첻Ӧеصزĸо£Ǹô죿
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һвּ˵ûҲ˵ܰйأļ˾Ͳ£ǳϻ˵ݺԼͿ֪֪ˡ
ңҡûҸɵģҰܵģ
֪ܵʲôˣȴòһжԼϣϣǸˡ
˼ǲѾˣ
ʱô֮⣬Ѿˣ
ľɣ֪ģѾ֪ˣ
ˣ÷ǳģˣƵķ˲òǻͷһؼ
һŴЩߵı·һ죬ڣ


584 Ҹڹ
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һ֮ڣҵͷųԱȫۼڶң޷侮ʯ涭ҵĵλҲҪȽԼЩƫõ֣ÿһ˶ź֮ǡ
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Ϲ˵⻰ͬʱ뿪ҵЩˣҲϹ˵顣
λڽˣǰĻǶҪù
Ǵ˵˵ڸôҪ£Ҫ취Щƫⲻع
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Ϲİ£Ҳ˱ھﶭϵͬ⣬ʽӹѶŵܲһְ
̶֮ڣܲãȫ磬еĹ˾ҲδйУѶŵһٶ˶Ѷŵδκϣˡ
ӣȻϣѶΪһܲõĹϵڲѾĻ̻̣˭Ҳܱ֤ѶŵδôѶŵְԱڹϵı֣ͬɢɳ㣬϶Ͳһҹ˾ѶŵЩ߲㶼뷨
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ҵЭоͷѾڣҲϣȫ˶ϵţҲ뵽ϱץйءǣҵЭЩһûһվﶭϵģһ񻹲ȡ˱ж
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̾˿ӷֵ磬ɲܹңҲţһҲˡȻֻҪҵļƻ˳⼸·ҵİȥߣҸұ֤ҵ磬ưԡ
ƴţʱ˾Ƶķ䣬պӷ˵һ仰ʵ磬磿
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ڽʮƽϷڣĸæµΪĿݲ裬Ҳ֣ԼŮǰܲʱûһԼңڶѾˣôôԼŮ
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ĸ뿪˵λҷǳлҵĺ⣬ȻǱϰ忪ģϰûһȥ֮ǰǾԲȥġ
ղ˵˵С磬ǴҶôˣҲͲö˵ʲôʵ㣬ǴϣҵġҲ֪ѾץǣĻһܰԼѾˣ¿ܻӰ쵽ҵЭᡣ˵ǰǶˣܵ˵ҲҵЭˣڶϱץҵЭһʱȺףЩûЭᣬϣ㿴ڶϵķϣȳִ֣ȶϳˣٽ᳤ˡ
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ҲҲﶭ취Լʵѽȥ᳤һ⣬ԼҲһڼȹ
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˵żҰĻ治СչѶţҵ粻ɣãȻѾѻ˵ˣǾȥӣһսǽҽҵЭᣬʽŵս
û˵ġӡʲô˼ҲʣȻ綼ѾӦҵЭˣǾ᳤ͬˡ
ż̾˿粻飡ǾԵͷɣ
ߣﲻӭ㣬ذɣˡ


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ܣٳһɣһˣҲúúõһԼˣ
ֵͬܣ˶ǱˣʮʱũǣһһŴƬ£ģģ֪
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592 ֱɱ1
賿ʱ򣬳ӷˣپˣˣÿﶼһŴڵݵĻ𳵡
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پǶһ۳ӷ磬ӷǵ˵ͷͼһСܣһơƣ


593 ֱɱ2
һơƷ˳ӷǰӷȴһҲûЩˣҲҪ̫Ķǵٶ࣬ӷҲġ
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ᣬǸЩ׼ˣ޳ʶӷ֮Ѿ֪ԼĻˣֻҪԼץסᣬҲǰֻõһС棬޳ɲںΪںģǽ󣬸档
Ҳϻ޳ֵУͻȻһذף˶ûʱֱӳڰǰһСͱ˹ȥ
ߣɱ⡣


594 ֱɱ3
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595 ֱɱ4
ӷƴţǰȥ֮أѾپǿһ·
ڼ٣ȺҲԽԽֵ࣬ǣڳӷƴţ뿪ԭڵĳᣬǰĳȥʱЩپڳļһȴûһȥӷ˵ģĿǰپǱߡ
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˵һ۾ѾԼԵĲǳӷ磬ӣϹ⵽˹֮ܲѾӷˣûӷ£֪ǰ꣬ǳӷ硣

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ܶʱ򣬰취һҪ£þͿˣСӵİ취ֻҪԷϵˣǾǺð취
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ҲǺģֻ˵̫ˡȥˣ֪һСʲôط֮󣬻ȥġ
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ҪңҪֵĻ͹ˡ֮⣬ϵÿһˣ³һΪǵĹƽģһˮҪƽɱȫңļĴҲܱѽ
ƴţ㣬һĺܲҵġ
㻹ǲΪǵˣȥɡ


596 Ҳñ
һɱͣĴӳӷǰϮʮľ룬Ҳ˵ɢɱ֮ˣӦþڳӷǰʮ֮ڡǣӷڵĳڳԼ֮⣬Ͳκһˡ
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Դڹݵ˵ҪһҾƵһ˵֣Ƿǳ׵飬ǣΪľƵȽرϰ䲻ǹߵˣҲҵˣȴйƵҵľӣ⣬֮󣬾ңȥԴֵܲ޷ӾƵס¼в鵽֡
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Сӣ˵ǶٴˣҪ֪ǮѽǮģʱȥҸѣ̸̸ɣȥ治֪ʲôʱŽ顣
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˵׼ʱŶԡˣҲҪ˷ʱ䣬߰ɡ


604 ݷ
ҷǱҲڹݷشһ壬סҲϷӣǱߵĽзסĵطдݡ
䲻Ҳߵȴǳ
ܿųԼҴǰһ³˵СֵܣʵڱǸǼңʧ˰ɣ
죬Բô˵ڲͬȻס𶫺ĸ߼Ƶ֤꣬ǷҲһǳǮԼ٣ܶʶĺŹӸ磬Ǹ廨ͷǶԼҵҲаһġ
˵ǰסĵطɱǼСˣǰסĵطǼңֱ̫ˡ

ֵһ⻰һʱ϶ǼңһǱҲֻбŻ˵ǰסĵطãЩ߸ǲ˵ֻġ
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605 ̫
ѦҵŮˣȫΪӵһֶӵĶԱ佣ҲΪѦҵĹϵűѡӵġ
ӵһֶӵĶӳοɲںѦһôĴڣһѦңھʮ۵ƨ㣬еģ佣İʵСӣҲԳƵӵһֶӳ֮ĵһ֣򣬵ʱ¼佣Ҳڳӷߡ
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үүģҴӦ涨ʱ֮ڣһᱣѦҴСȫģֻҪʱδѦҵôңҶ뿪Ѧҡ
Щ佣үү֮ǰµĳŵŵѾˣѦһҪѦƸ佣飬佣ҲûзԣⳡͲӦýһĻ֮佣ͻ뿪ѦңҲ뿪ӣӴˣԭԼ
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˵ȻѦľһΪԼѦ˺·佣һߣһֽѦҵģѦʸͲ
һβҵĻпܻẦ˺ü˵ġѦ֣æҰˡͬҸףҲһǳæġ
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Ѧһ˵ʮǰǳ䶯¼ĿӡУһ˿һУָʱܵʱͿܳΪһ񻰰Ĵڣü˵ģΣǸ˵Ľֵܡ
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˲¶ѽû뵽ƽƽ㣬Ȼܶӳ˽š
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һĻȫһֻӷù֣ͻȻðһǿҵĻ棬ѦɳɳһָֻʱͱӷðĻֻ֡

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Ҷ񶾣Ǹղ˵Ҫ佣һѧͲֻ֮֮ˣ񶾵ˣֶ񶾵Ůˣ֪ж佣ʵΪ˲ʵܵ˺Ҳֻµ
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ڱһȵϢţһս壬ĳζҵÿһˣɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬մĶȥ֮ˣû뵽Сӣ־͸ɱһ
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ѦѾ˽Ůʬ壬Ӧ˵ǹǻҸȡˣӷġգһߣǲܱȫʬġ
ЩˣԽԽͿЩˣȴԽԽףǵϰʮ飬ҲȺܶҪĶࡣοͺǴҵĵһˣ罫ҵ˴񷢵ҲҪҵӣӵͺͬҪΪҵܶ£ֻҪͺԶ۾ǾҪһͣ˼ȥ
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ղ佣Ǹ绰ټѦʵı֣ͺѾ֪Լ꣬ҪѦǿ٣걳֪ԽѦҶٱ
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佣̾˿˵лӿУ޴־ֻ֪Ҫ湫ӣһǰ;ģЩ縡ơ
佣ڲκξÿһ˶ҪԼ뷨Ҫ㣬һѦô꣬ô꣬ǶΣû˿㣬㵱һˣ㵽ǻҪĶţЩүү뿴ġ
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佣үү˵Ļųӷ磬ֻ֪ҪԼ˳ӷ磬Գӷ米ʵ˵ԼĽһƬա
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ҪģŬǳɹҸӲں̣Ҫģֻǽʱ䣬֮Ҫһȫµ佣裬ٸ֮ʣ˷ңұɱ֮佣
佣ܳӷ磬Ѿʼӵˣһôı˵Ǿ޴ıҲΪ棬ǲõĻʵǱǸ
֣Ȼ㲻ңҾһ˸̡үүƾԼʵȥ٣Ҳҵѽ
ܶ಻µ˶ͬø׵Ǯ쾭顣ΣӷĸԸһزµˣҪģȴǸ׵ǮǮ򲻵Ķ


609 ̯
ӷ޳ɸ佣˵Ϸķɻ佣뿪ҵʱҲҪҵ˴кûҵһۣ뿪ˡ
ӷţǰǸѦΪ˵佣ع֮ʱΪһԵǿߣǸʱ򣬲ǳӷ磬ˣ佣ı֡
ӷҵĿĻûɣҲܾ뿪ϴѾ׼һƲӴӷ磬ǴͺԽӴģǳӷȾҪЧ
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ղ˵Сֵճǰɣ
λĴͺʵ
ӷû˵ǵ˵ͷһòûУҲǲˬɴͺȴЦݣûΪӷûòеŭ
СֵܵĿӦòǹ˰ɣ
ӷοڻشһݡ
Сֵܼʲôط
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ǹ¶ԺӷСĵطྩǳӷסĵطϺǳԶɽĳ֮أҲǳӷϼˣԼ֮ءܲڣطǳӷļҡ
ʱرйǵЩͨһңһѾܲˣ΢еǮģӣӣЩӣȴͬһУӷ˵⼸طһ֮⣬ȫߵĳ֮һһļң꣬ͷ治һĴ
ڵĴѾΪӷʲôŮˣҲļұѦ˼ɻġǲǱֻҪǮӷͣû
֪ǸңȻӷңҲͼƻ˵ġ
˵ڵǮ˼̫࣬м׷ӲûʲôֵġǮϾǼģû£ŵĻԿ
񷢺ǲӷ磬ȴɲΪμͺڣû˵ƽ䲻£һǾǸʵۡ
СֵܣǴңǷǳӭ˵ģҲǳϲʶѣϾһѣܱȶһҪõĶࡣǴңҲӲ£ܶԷʲôˣôͷҪҴΪеĻǴҾԲὫԷġ
ӷһЦƾͺ仰ӷ֪ͺӦѾµԼݣҲѾ֪ԼҵĿˡ
˵үӵεİԵϺڵϣû˸⣬ֽϺڵϵİֵͬܣҲǴүһġ
ඣҪλЩϹͷҲӦðһѡ
ӷ˵ûүϺڵϣȷǷҪ˭λֻҪǸһġǣʱͬˣνǰˣѾĳĽ죬үӲҪЩļһ»۵үӣҡ
Сӣʲô˼
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үӲõģڵˣںԼںνĶֻ࣬Ҫܵõǰõ棬ǸͲ˭ͳϺڵ
˵ϣǴãҲѾӷ߲ѽԼǷʲôɵôһ뵽ˣ
磬㵽֪֪Լ˵Щʲô
õӷļôͺеƣܿͷӦ˹Цãӣϵƭˡ
ʲô̫үү˵ұƭˣ
ֹ㣬壬ƭˡⲻܹǣǵϾ٣϶ԷǸרĵĸ֣ǱƭҲǺ顣
˶٣ͺ˳ӷ磬˵˵Ķ԰ɣӷ磬ӡ
ӷ磿ԭղŸǵģǸ岻ˬ
ҲǼҵûб䣬ֻȥһֶѡ
˵ӷ磿ǲྩģ
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ྩѧǸӷ磿ΪһѧңЩڴѧȻ⣬ҲһѧѧͽǽĴѧң㣬Ҳȫдѧѧ
Сû뵽СҲ֪ҵѽ
ѹڰ佱ʳ⡣״Ԫүѽ
ͺ˵ãԴˣҪò㣬ɲҪλ˸ˣѦѾͷ³Ϳܻ䵽ϡ
ͬҡ
үӣҲҿ̫б˰ɡ˲̫ϲʹñһˣǾǸõʱ򣬱ˣɱ֮ˣҲǸˣļһ
л˵ӻ˵˵ҵĿİɣ
ҵĿģܼ򵥣ֻһǴңȥһʧ


610 Χ
ѾҹͺҲҪϺڵȫͺ˵һ飬Ǹʱ򣬴񷢸պҲڳһϸ˵ӷ֣Ѿ֪ǰʲôˣ
Ǵ䲻˵Ǵ󸻴֮ңǳҡԼҲС׼ףȻƬչȻŲܵıǮ
ӣѾӷȫ˴ͺ񷢣ȴΪӷıη塣
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˿̣ĸҲѾͲסˣԭΪ԰ﵽԼģڿӷ粻ǰﲻԼصԼսģ˱Լܼ˼ңǼܡ
ӷ磬ǼҲӭ㣬ʶģϹҪǶ֡
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治һĴףΪʲôڶ̶һ֮ڣưڵˣϺ׼ң֡
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ӷĸһĹԪףԪ׵Ķӻڵ鱻˳ȥǶԽ˵ǴĲҲϹԪ׵ı
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ѦѾͷ³ǲҲ볢һ£
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ǲ֪Ǵҿ̫ˣҿ̫ˡǰҿˣĿʲô𡣿Ѵҿ˵Ļֻ˵һʵ̫֪ߵغˡ
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ȻѾӦΪˣľӣǲҪ鷳¸
˼ľӣҲʶҲ֪ΪʲôҪΧǴҡţҹһᣬֻҪǴû£Щ˲֮һ뿪ġ


611 һ
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޳˵ӣġӵһѣĿǰҰָ˲ȫϾǿȥˣߵ飬ǲ֪ġ
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ڸô죿үӿǰ˺ܶߣһүӱвסˣߵҲһ뿪ģǸʱǵСһ֡
ΪӷԶԴȰǸͺ񷢵Ƣ˵ǲӦӷģϾǴǱڵ壬ҲϣԼĵ̱ʡռݡû뵽ǣӷȻԴ˵ǿƵֶȥסҡͺӱӷвΪǴҵˣǾԲģҲһӦӷ
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ͬ˵úţ뺫µͬʱѾ뵽һȣôȥɱˣӷ磬һѲĶѽ
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׳岻ʣѾʵȨԽ£ҲˣϺڵı£ڱҽԺ塣
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ԱߣƴţĸףҲǱ׳ư˵Ȼ鶼ѾˣͲҪֽˣʱҲΪ룬ҪֵĻ͹ִţǻСӡƽͲѧãؼʱ̻˴£
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ư˵ǻƼҸϼңû֣˵Բԣ
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ӷţȥҲΣյġ
Խ̾ڵձѾһľظסˣҹһУҲֻӷ֮ԿӷҵĶӣôģеʱĸ׵ģҲ̫˽Ϊ˹ңΪЩѪĸʿǵҲֻӷȥðһˣ
Խλϣеʱ򣬾ԼļˣԼŮҲðһΣԼжսŮͬûһüͷԽ죬ֻѡԼĶӣ
㣬ӷţĵ绰ͨ
򣬴ͨˣǰձ
Աߣ˫۶ˮԼңһң


612 Ϊǵĵذ
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613 
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ҪţɱһѪ·
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ӷĽŲû˿ֹͣڶĽֵϣͣĳǰţûȥֵϵĻƴȻֻҪӷתͷһͻῴѾԼ纣˰ûˣ
ȻʺϵʱȫϵӷҲѾһϣ˵ӷÿһϣͬ顣
ӷ绹δ´پҲûмⳡսѾ˾ջ
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619 ΨҶư
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621 
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ĺáϵһӷ磬Ը˵
Խ컰䣬ڻеһ̨ҺӣͻȻԶ
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裬ⲻ̬ǲСѸ£Ҳѽڻ˵˵ô°ɣиףҲҪȥѽ
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ΪҪǣЩϸȫǸģưǼλүӵսѣλүڵ֪Լ걻վץսѻ󣬶ǳԲǾȳҲĿ
ӷ˽˵裬ȥ⹫лүү˵һˣһȳģҾ˵ʱ뷽ҪҵжôҲֻӦ䣬ʱϵǰɡ
Ǻáӷ磬ţҲҪСġձ֮ȲҪžˣҵСѸΪؼҿɲ뵽ʱϸûȳСѸ嶼¡
İɣĺܣձأµġ
ԽֵסڵձѾǰձˣҲϰǸľء
ӷһЦĵľأҲʱˡϴôһңΣ͸ˡ


623 ݷɽ1
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죬䱻Ϊһ㻹δڱ֮ǰ˵ҲҪעġڵľ֧´ľǵģ˵ǣ
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Ҳûл˼ֻŸոƽǳһԼңڶǣʱԸĻ»ҸԼڸǵĴ
ЩҲ뵽ˡǣ죬ʱ䶼ܲˣ飬㻹֪ɡ
˵ȷʱ䶼ˣ淢ʲôǲǶʲôµķչ
ǰѾϵĺڵҵ磬ǱߵϽȫӷ𡣡
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Ȼûѡˡ죬һһ˵ûϵռ֮⣬ӷ磬ɱһˡ
첻ɵĿЦһ˵ϴϽһսӷɱڵ˻𣬾˫ȣҲˣǸʱû¹Σʲôˣӷɱ
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ǰҲţԳӷǵΪɱ˵ذ֡죬ѵ˫ȣôӷϵģʱ常޷ֹӷ磬ĵƣʵֲѽ
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ţ˵Ҳûڻȿסڰɡ
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ľصҰĸ̬罫ձŭԹ֮⣬ձ磬ҵ磬Ҳľ֣֮˵ľأѾЮձĻˡ
ȻľصĶУȻվַģЩˣ춯ûļվһڷͬǵļˣѣйϵˣȫɱһһķľصĶֶΣ̬ʹձ˸ˡ
ձľֲ֮֮ȥľصΪ˵ڲõĽһҵģǸʱձᱻȺ֮ĸ³
ʱۣձһоʵȥԸľءȵʱ뵽ģȻǶʮǰձڵ񻰣ӤҰһȴ֣ӤҰһ򣬶ľɱ
ټձľؿ⣬֮£ձֻȥ˰æѡ֮أй
ţ֪ɽĿǰȱʲô𣿡
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磬ʹձ磬ε飬һشˡɽȱʲô㣬ҿǷǳġ
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ڣǰɽ飬ʲôȱǶƷҪپж٣Ϊɽǰ鳤ǣԽϣ̩ദĲϵǳãֻҪʲôûձɽ飬ȵġԴľؽӹɽ֮Ұĸţü˽ǡԽϡ̩Ļ˵ȻǲǮģ⻹ľػˣȫɱˣʹڽձɽΪͷٹκλԴɽˡ
˶٣ƴţֵһ˵ľرͲΪֱӽռΪΪӴľ𡢶Ʒ̡
ӷͷ˵ûľΪ̫̬ˣȻʲô³ңľػһ˵ĳĵˣԼ׸״綼ɱɥײϵļһʲôġΪľظ㷭ģɽеľ𡢶ƷͳΪͷʹľػձɽʹɽھƷ棬Ϊȱ
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ǰһ̽׹ڽǷԸľغӦ½ǵĻ룬ӦľĿǰΪҪġ
ƴţЦǣйѽôȥðǱߵˣ˵Ҳѽ
Ʒ˶ǳСĽ׸˺ǺˣΪͷģҲȥҵˣҵ¡ɽǰ鳤ѾľɱǸǰ鳤ĵϵҲһ¡⣬Ƿ˸ҿɲһңðһңɽ飬˭ϵġ
ע⣬ðһң
ӷ˵񡣡
ҵ֣ǽͷž֮һ
ţҶոճʱҸһ棬һ𡣡
ھȥ𣿡
εİݷãձ֮еһͷˡҲľѾûعɽܲˣɽľˣҲľصĸΪ͸ľشĺʱ
˵꣬ӷӿڴóһݰƴţ˵ȥɣɽ飬ܾǼġ
ӷϣԼСʱ󣬳ӷƴţóǹ˴ţɽܲ
֮һ˵ԵȣǷ˳
漴ձͷŮˣ˲裬ӷƴţȻƷձɽĲ裬ߵȴⳡͷϷ


625 ɽ
ŻĸˣһһŮͬ£ĺ˳
ûͳձͷĿ˵ǱȽ⣬죬ûáӱ濴ȥϵزе¶һ˫۾˿飬ɫҲǳѿΪֵǣڸ˵ĿӱԵմѪ
Դ˵ȳòȥʲô벻˵٣˳ģȽϴæ
ӷƴţ໥һۣӷûбֳκε⣬ɻƴţȴһ䡰̬
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ʳ⻰ģǸˣǸߵŮˣŮ˿ȥȸ˵ͻҪԱߵ˿ȥҲȸҪһһң˸˵ߣ˾ͺǱΧţвţûһ㱣ӡ
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СӼ˵Ҫ𸴣ͱڸҡ
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ҡձɽĵ̣ھձľ鳤Ŀ֮¡ֵܶ˵ǹƥôܸɽĵ̷֮ǰҲѾ˵ˣ˵ӼڣǾͱһ𸴣ǸҺǽĶң
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ӷ㣬ŮǰԸֻǹͨˣͲҪʲôϣһһֱסǵĲӡ
ģҲɱǵģΪһҪǵľʺá
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ڻΪӷǽǵŮ治һı
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ƴţЦ磬ɱǳսˡɱСӣǽ
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ƴţѾ֪˶ٰѳǹͣ
ӷ˫һţ֮У˵ľأһݴңڣ򣬾һ͸˫δսȻɽܲΪе³
䡭
ǿҵĻɽܲСɽ
ţ湻ˣٲߣձɾҪˣòȥձֹҹɣ
𼱡磬Щһϻ񵯣ȥ
㣬˵ձƻȥȼ
ԶԶСɽţһıըעΪձͷš


626 󵨵Ů
鵽ɼһͷĹ˾ߴ͵ļ巢֣Ǽǲ֮£˹ŵĻˣǷǳţȻôĵӡ
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ɲ˵ģǳ˵ġ
Ϸһھƣ˵Ǹ̳ţ֪ɽܲһѻˣСѵһʱͲµСˡ
ôôµҸɵģ
ѵ޵Ҷɽģ֮⣬һ벻ڶˡǷǸɱĻ޼ǰš
Ϊ֣бҪôͽԼ¶𡣹ľѾˡ
˵ǼһҾĻεѾˣѾϸǽӻعˡ
Ŷ˼˵ľأϸǸģ
ձľ֪º󣬾ͽ˸ȥˣһϸвҹ
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ӷ磺


627 Ӫȼƻ
ѸϷ廹ڶϹһ죬һĴѲߵձ죬ɻѸϷ岻ûбܿձ·
ӷǲףŮ˵ǵӹ󣬻ӵѵȽ϶أ̳ܽ˳ɾŮ˵ģȻྩһҪⷽһ£ܽӵѵתƵȥǶڶպķչǿʱ𵽼İ
ϣƴţסһСƵģɻѸϷӲǲͬ⣬˵οǹѡΡɲܿԼ·Ҳȫ㵽˹ҵͷϣ
ľƵֱ꣬ӿļͳ׷֣ձ֪йӪȵعǵĻƻȻģŭģӦľˡ
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633 
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ҲԽԽáҪԸľأ˶ûõģҪС߽ˣȫһЩͨߣһЩ߶ǵļһ治֪ܹʲôģͣҲͷѽ뵱ӢۣȴûеӢ۵ʱ
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ӷתͷһԼʮձˣʵôˣ
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սԺѾҪˣΪˣҲȫۼ壬һЩԸɵߣ֮ǰƴţ˵˴ԺǰλϣΧҲѾں˺ܶλһƵģ˶ڵȴ֧˵ĳ֡
˿̣һȻ㣬Ĵ˴Ժÿһ˵ıУҲʱ򣬲ԼͬĴλվȫ˴ſڡ
һŮˣĸ߸ĸŮ˵м䣬һɼˣ˵ͣԼʮʮ֮䣬Ҫȥ϶ͣһǳѵ飬˽֮ˣ֪ɼˣǰμͣѾʮ꣬һϹˣ
ڰ󣬻һˣˣҲǰΨһԳԱǰμپɣ
һˣȴȫŮԵļУ治֪һ޸һֱ
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ӦòǣľظеģӦǱȰǿĶ


634 ձ
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λǳл֮ڸϵҰ壬ڴˣҪȸ˵ǸҰǿͣΪ⼸æŰŷ˴ҡ
ȶԵһһڵ˻ƴţ֮⣬˶Ķ
ˡȻǽܾۼڴˣǾͶŹͬĵˡֻҪܽľħЩˣκδۡ
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һôļ壬йЩ壬ձ壬Ϊһ壬Ȼ࣬˶ˣõǮҲ֪࣬׬ǰ֪ǮĻǲǶļ壬군ġ
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˵ձ磬ֻˡѵЩǣձձǵһ磬һӤҰ𣿡
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635 1
ɣӤҰʱܻձһյҪľطϢͲסҪ游ֱڲӳӷ
ҪΪֱӤҰҲᵥСС֣ӤҰ嵱ƣţҪӳӤҰֻʣһˣҲñ˿
ӤҰϾ̫Сܶ飬벻֪ĸһӤҰ屻ձܶ෽ˣѾһӤҰˣӤҰ廹һҲѾ𲻵ӤҰһʱǵˣ
ӤҰһŮ
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Ѿͷ㲻Ҫɱľ֮ǰȥӡ

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ʲô֪ҲҪ֪˾ϰ߹£ҲϲˣЩСвģܷ죬ҾЩν߼ʶһ£йǿ󡣡


636 2
йձ֮ʲô⣬йĹߣձߣԸȷĴ𰸡˫֮Ҳ˵ǿ󡣵ʵϣйձ֮ĸߵ͵ôҪֽµĹ֤Ͼ˭˵ֻ˵͵ڰ׻
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پûĻƵģ֮ǰӤҰһһ˫۾ɨţڷȺ֮ĳӷ磡

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ȻүͦҲйƼҽӣô
껰δ꣬ͻأԺп𣬰Ĵš顱һ˸˿һ˵⴫롣
ôֵĳϣôٵҡλľزŴӦòɣ


637 
ʮŮЩŮģȫͬĺɫװŮΪŶվӭʲô쵼Ƶġ
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治һѽ
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ľʲôʵľأ㵽ʲôҰ壬ѵΪ˵Щϻ𣿡

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638 ʱ
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639 ˽ȵ
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640 
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642 
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⻰˵ĿɣһСİʯͷˣЩʯʯͷҲһ˵ĴСҪôʵһƽġ
ڳ˶ɵӣ֪ǰй꣬ز¶ѽѹľضصܹҲֻǿߣľضԿ
֮ǰǰ꽫ϣڳӷϣڣˣϣ˳ӷϣ˲֣ľء
ǰʵû°ɣ
ֲȰ˵ӷнӻС㣬ղֻûɣ
ɲɵϣ֪ӷתԼԼֻ󣬿Լֲܷһˣڳ˾ͻģ
ûû£ղŶлˣҲЩ͵ɶˡ
㲻ܷӷ磬ѧųӷһİǿˡ
صһôӷ綼Ὣȡ˵ģΪԳӷ˵ûһô
Ȼû£Ǿȸˡ
˵ӣǵķѾǰźˣסɣ
ˣңǿɲ̫á
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˵λǾܷģ죬һǶԸľصġ
ڳӷ뿪󣬰֪ղŵһ򵥣ҲԲǳӷ˵ǰ㣬Ҳһʲô⡣
ȻⳡϷԼһְŵģǰȻҪþաܶʱ̫ˣá
λҿҲˣֻҪҲ뿪Ұ壬ʲô£˵ɡ
ԸپɣɳһΧȫκ˽
֮󣬰꽫еԼķ䣬ʵղŵô£
̣ǵļƻǸӷ翴ˡ
ʲôô֪ģ
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˵ӷҲڴǴ֮ע⣿
ûЩȫǱӷɱġΪҶΧĽֵϤõĵƽӷ˦Ļ±Ѿӷᣡ
һ£ȻЦ˵ҵˣǲѽ
̣Цĳڱô죿ǲһõطܻġ
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ã治ˡһǸӷ磡
õģѾ˲صĵطȥˡ
ԭ̻кУҾͲǸӷˡ
ô㶼ҪСһ㡣ǸӷľضʲôöǶڴǼҴ֮ע⡣Ϊ˳ӷԸľؾһİգڿ죬ӷ粻һվߵġ
̣ѵձû˿ԶԸľ𣿡
̾˿˵صǻлġЩù˺ܶ෽Ҳҹܶˣڣ޷ϴľѾõӤҰһҪԸĿǰ˳ӷ֮⣬ǸҲˣ
ڣΪ쵣ģӷ缸ˣѾڱҵһҾƵס
磬ղΪʲôѾͷɱˣѱ
ɱûǸҪҪľؿսˣЩ˵ʵ˵ͲľصĶֻ֣ҪһԹսţ꣬һὫ͵ġ
˵ʲôð֪ûǵȫҪǸʱͲòǰı͸ˣ
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ϸǱô죿ѵΪ˰ı𣡡
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˼˵Ǿͳ˫ʱȥӪϸǣ
ȥȣȥҵı
ǲ֪ľؽϸǹʲôطѽ
ʲôطɽԱ࣬ϸǾһִ˵ŶΣͲҶ˰ɣ


643 ¾㱸
峿㣬ǣϺԽİ칫ڡ
ѾüͨûؼҵԽսһ绰̽йټļλҪ쵼˿ᣬͬʱҪҽԺƵ׳λүȫ
ȫۼ˻Խй齫ĴҺӴ˿ڵֵĻ棬ձĳӷ硣
ӷ磬ȸ˵˵Ǳߵ
ӷ缼ձͨߵĵԣֱϺ
裬ǷİɣߵһоҵյСʲôĻ⹫λүүսѣϣͿԻعˡ
ӷ⻰үӵһվ˵ӷ磬ɲġҪھȳ˵ͬʱ֤İȫһ£Ҫ֧Ԯǣ¶ˣ
⹫Ұ£ġаգҪǵѽ
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Ҫӵ⹫Ǳʮֶӣ֮ǰȫձ
һʵӷ磬Ҫʲô⹫ɰѳ˵ǰ棬ǼȥձΪ˾˵ģΪɱˣɲҪҹձ֮䷢ʲôʾ¼
⹫뵽ȥˡĻҲ˵ġҪȻҵôֻҪңҲҪҲУȻ˾Ȳ»ᵼ⹫ǵЩսɥľ֮֡
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ҴӦˣǷֻҪˣͬʱ֤ԼİȫүүʲôӦ㡣
ǾȶлүүˡоǣӣϵɱˣɾҪҵļƻ
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ͬʱྩţżİ칫ڡ
࣬СĪڿȫۼϣʾһĲƣһ˵˵Ҫձͣ磬Ųʲô°ɣ
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СĪ˵ֻҪסձܵϵͳҾͿֱӽϵͳȫжϡ
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˵ܺãʮӦ㹻ˡ
СĪʵͨʲôʱаһ棿
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Ϊڿͣ»Ƕ£˵ģ˵
ܺãǾ׼ҵϢɡ
¾㱸ھֻǷľظǳˣ


644 Ӫ1
һʱ൱ؿ죬ϵϣգ۵ʱ䣬ɶĳЩ˵һ죬൱ΪЩˣڵȴһ֮սӮҲҪ벻Ĵۣ䣬ǲԼԼߵˣľؾԲԼº󻼵ģ㣬ľظӷ磬е
һ賿ĵڣ˶Ѿ˲ͬɫ߷Щ̣̣̣Ҳռ̣˵ձǿߣͳͳУݸλͬڣȴҪһͬ顣
λҲҰĴ֮ΣҲ˽ĵ˹ϵ磬ձδڣңӭսľأϣʱҶƴһսΪģҲԼδ
ЩˣûзΪʤ漣
˫Χ˿ʵôû
ᵽӷ磬ɫеѿ֮ǰὫеϣڳӷϣֻҪӷܰԼˣһսһʤİֵġɵ֪ӷҲڴԼұ֮󣬾ѾԳӷ籧κϣˣ
ǱϾձˣν˲翿ԸǵĻȻἰʱԸľΪеĻҲǿѡ
⻰˵ѾˣһǳӷǱ߳ʲô⣬򣬰ǲ˵ֻġ
ǰıﱻʹԼ·ˡΪһҼ̳ܰæģڣһϣû
һʧģǲôĵˣߣҲʤġ
Ҫһ¸λλȥľصĻǹǻδľص棬Ҫһ
ȷɽǱҲźܶߣͬǸ֣ձ磬ɲˣЩûڳߣȻȫ˳ľء
˵λóҵľյ˽ɣ
һ֧߸ӣˣص㣬Ǳߵɽһȼٴ壬ҲɽĲҵ
ͬʱӷƴţҲѾ뿪סľƵ꣬ȴһͬǰͬһطģǷΪȥӷһˣƴţһ𣬳ӷҲԸӤҰҪһԼļƻԼҲԲĵڶδӭģ
̷Ǳôˣ
ӷóֻͨĵ绰
һ׼ֻ˵ˡ
ʮֶӵĳԱڽӵ֪ͨ󣬾磬ܸϵձ飬Ǳ߷ǳҪκεʧԽҲѾ´޷κεĻˣҲûعˡ
Щ׳Խ죬δ´ִʲô񣬶ǰȫһԽ´֪εԼ˼ʮҪһˡ
Ǻãȫǧܱɽ˷ˣһݱ¶Ǿͺпܵ¼ƻʧܡ
ӷ磬ģˣΪġԼһҲҪСһ㡣⣬ҲдţҪ嶯СѵĻ
ѾţˣҲ֪εжʧġ
ǺãǾϢˡ
賿һ㣬˶Ѿ˸ĵط
ӷվɽȼٴǧ׵صһŴϣԶɽΪ죬ɽȴһƬɫĻѩ
óֻӷͨǱߵĵ绰˵жˡ
ڶȼٴ֮⣬ųǹɽԱƴţ˵һ档ǳȥ˰ɡ
Уӷ罻һҪȴͣʱж
ҾͲˣ絽ʲôձͣѽ
㲻ùܣȻӷ˵ˣǾһĵԼõʱ䣬Сʱ֮ڣձͻͣ磬ǸʱձһƬڰСʱ֮ڣǣҲӦøϹˣľضšǣҪסͣʱֻʮӣҲ˵Ҫʮ֮ڣ˾ȳһָ˵Ǿͻᱻɽ˸ΧʱѣϸǣҲһ㲻ǹֵġ
ӤҰ˵ǰڶˮʱطλãһǵһ㡣
ǺãȲ鿴һ£ĸط֮࣬ͣ󣬾·ֱȥٶһҪ죬ҪսΪ˵ģɱ˵ġ
쿴ǣѾˡ
ϷָԶһȺ˵
׼
Ѽ˾ĵȴţεжֻɹʧܣ


645 Ӫ2
ľվڶȼٴ֮ڣΧκһɽĳԱҲûǸҪ
鳤ˣѾſڡ
һɽĳԱųǹܵľǰ㱨
ľزҲæЦһȺ֪ļһ
鳤ǲǸʲôˣ
ȲҪһȫҲϰ߷ֺüθ档ȫۼ֮ٶ֡
ǣ鳤
ɽĳԱ뿪һɫװûµŮ˳ľصǰ
鳤˵ı챻ˣʲô
飬ҲֻƭĹЩ
鳤˼˵ıûбǰĹ
Ǻ𣡵Ҳ̫ΪˡﻹڰĻһ˼ǵʯ٣ˡڣһϷû˺֮ǡ
鳤ǲӦȥ壬õ֣
ѾڰˡҲġô󣬹ƳӷҲѾڴעˣǳҵ˴Ӳ⣬ֻҪʱӷ緢˱֮أǾͬʱҲҡ
ˡ
Щ˲ΪΪҪģǸҿЩϼһȻӷҪӲҪΪУôҲЩϼһߣͬʱԼҲ뿪ⱱ벽
鳤ģѾɳõֿЩϼһӷͷۣҲ֡
ţøҿסˣһʲôʧˣȫҪڣȻǳģһĻ̫˵ȥˡ
ͬʱڱһ䡣
˶Եķǳš
һ绰ܽһСݣںƹÿһ˵òУձʣмɫװձľˡ
λֻ뿴ӷľ֮䣬ǲ£ǲ̫Զ
ձӵϢ󣬽Ѿϵ˱
Ҫľأÿһ˶飬ȴûκ˸ðաɼȻڰǴͷձձῴڰǵей꣬żＸ
ʴˣйСǶѾ˵ˡܰǲľصĻã֮飬ô
λɷģӷһҲӦģҴӦˣǾ͵ڳǴձۻʵйµУʶɵȥ顣
Ϊձľ˵áǻҪһ£ºôǸйСӣΪҿǸйСӸľûʲô𣬼ǸйˣֻǴձ۹δҵġ
ҲѾˣֻҪľһߵĴͻȺӷ磬벻ձ
ڳ˻˼ʱ˭Ҷ˵ʲôҲģ㵽ʱľڳӷ֣֮ӷձҸԼǱ߶ԼձѣҲԽʸƳȥһУһΪԼЩûʲôϵԼЩˣʲô֪
ձˣ̫ˣ˵Ѿϵ˶ʮǰʨķ
궫ԯѪϴǣѵʨۣͲˣԣһԱȵԯҪ
ڵĵƹһһģ漴ڰÿһ˵ǰ
ʲô£
ʴˣˣͣˡ
ͣʲôüġ
ʴˣǣͣˡ
ôϵߵĸˣʲô
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СĪٿѾձϵͳĵԣ˵Ѿ㶨ˣھͿˡ
˵ҲѾˡձҲѾʼǵĵϵͳˡ
˫۾Ź񣬹ָ˵ϵͨҪʲô£ʮ֮ɣʮ֮ձͿԽҵӸϵϵͳڰСʱ֮ڣȫָ
ձ
ڶȼٴ֮⣬ձѾһƬڰѵڣжʮ֮ڣȳϸǡ
ȼٴ֮ڣһƬңصɽ֣ȫۼ˹ѺϸǵĴΧݸΧˮйͨһֻӣɲȥ
˸סˣκ˳롣
һձ˴һ漴һ󵶷磬ֱȥ
Сģ͵Ϯ
ţսȥˣǵš·˵ط
ã㣬壬ǿɶסˡ
û⣡

֪Щй˻ӪȵģȺѾˣ
СӣһǻĴ
СңɱһѪ·ôţǺó
ˣЩСصҪࡣţ죬ֳһˡ
顣
˿̣ƴţӤҰ·£Ѿ嵽˴ſڡ
ƴţһŽ߿󺰵ǺƮ
ڣһϵʵʲôˣ
ƴţǻưӣӪȸλүӵġ
ƽӣӣܣը
ʲôСӣȻһס
ӣǶѾˣѾֵùӭˡȥүүǵ⣬Ƕˣչ˺ǵĶŮ
СλүӣȻѾˣͲֶܿ顣λүܽǾȻعĻǾҲĿġ
һϸȫһȣƴţֺλүӣóǵսϵƳȥ棬ҪܶСӣɱȥ
ڣһϵѺ˼ʮ꣬Ҳһ½ˡλսѣ֤ЩСӿйˣԶϡ
ã˾һҲˡɱȥ
ɽ֮ڴ˾ۼ
ΣɽѾˣ
СӣɵƯ
˵ôˣӷļƻھۼе
á
ǡ
ۼһѩλϸع
ɽ£Ѿ߳ȼٴľ´󾪣ΪѾоһǿҵ𶯣ɽϴ
ãû뵽ӷȻôһСˣȫһȥǽЩϼһߡ
鳤̫ˣѩˣ
ļһ
ѸϷѾɱ˴ſڣƴţʮδߣѸϷ˵ǰλүӣ⼸ʮ˴ˡڴȫӭӸλүӻع
û뵽ѽңûǡ
ϷûУûйλүӣߡ
ҹ֮ϴһֱˣѾ
Сѣϰλү
㣬쿴ˣ
˵ȥ
㣬㻹ʲô
ұձĿսϵͳ뿪ġ
˵꣬ܿˣһû˵ĵطһͲıʼǱ˳
Сձͣ绹ھͽǵĿսϵͳ̱ˡ
ʮ֮ձѾָ˵ͬʱձĿսϵͳȫ̱λϸڻƴţǵӪ֮£Ѿ뿪ձйҹտٷȥ


646 ҪҰæҪ1
ձⳡͣڰĻһᵼºܶ෽ľܵӰ죬Ȳ˵ģϾһ⡣ڣⳡͣϣٶձӰ죬ҲӰ쵽ȥȻӷμƻĿģҪԸձֻΪεӪж飬ҲͲô鷳ˣ
һֱܼܵй߾ȥӷҲ⣬ӷҲ˵绰ѣķ뿪ձȻعȥȰǱߵԼҲ̸ϻعģϾձľصĵ̣ɽĵ̣֯ûôױ壬ӷ᲻ɵձ̫á
ӺڰĹâܶʱĵȴеʱȴգ۶֮¡
ȴһƬУձĻָϵı·ƣЩڵĵƹ⡣
ղŷʲô£
˫۳˷ɨţѾڶȼٴ֮⣬ȴɽ˳Ӧ˵ȳˣȻַؽ˶ȼٴ壬ð˺ǺͿ
ľվڶȼٴſڣǧ㣬Ҳû㵽ӷôһ֣һͣ磬Լɽһʱ˷磬һѩ£ɽٶ࣬εĻңʧġ
ָˣľظɽѾ׷ǻƴţˣ뿪ձľٴҲ޷ʱΪһɱйǸԻĹҡ
ŭ֮ǰʮɽĳԱľظȡͷ
⣬ҲɵڣĴ£еߣȫ嵽˶ȼٴſڡ
ľأڡ
һ֮˵һ
⻰˵̫˰ɣûľĿǰڼʷŭ״̬һԼЩˣֵܵá
ľػת԰ˣǷŭ̬֮Ҳڴ˿̽ƽ
Ȼô̵ʱڣûеֶοסձľصʵӣ̬Ȼǿģ԰Щˣʧˮ׼
ǺܲˡЩһһģɳӷղŵΪѾûǸˡ
˶໥һۣղŷʲô£ǲ֪ȻľصķŭΪӷģڻç忴һǳӷѾվԼߣԸԼ˶Ըľˡȴ롣
λ˲翿Ǵһ֣ľħ
䣬Աһô֦֮ϣƮȻһӰ
һսУȱ˹սߣǾԵе̫ûˡ
ӷ𣬻ȫϣĿȥϣˣ漣ҲͲԶˡ
һɫ߷Ů˵̣ӷ絽ʲô
Ⱥ֮У˰֮⣬û֪Ĵڣپɳڰ壬꿴УΪģǽپΪΣҲ˵پɣֻǰƷˣûüֵʱ򣬰ϣԼ
ľתͷȥ¶һЦȻе
ľ鳤ʲôĻھֻҪһ㣬ҵʱȽЩ˸һҶô˳ǰΪҴͷ۵ġ
ľص˫ȭգɲɵǲΪɳӷȴͬɲҪʱ˳ӷĿڣڵ飬ľҲ
ȻΪ˵ģҲѽӷ磬Ұѳ˵ǰ棬ѾӮһˣڵڶҸʲôĻҸұ֤û뿪ձ
û뿪ձˣԼҲҪ᲻ˡ
ӷ˫һת˰ꡣ
ϸѾȳѾڻع¶ˣӵıԲ⣬ӷҲܰձѽƷҪһɡ
ҲֻаľĶӷ绰֮⣬ˣ˭ɵ˵
ˣҪĻͿ㣬Ҫ֪ʱɾǽǮ˷ҵʱ䡣⣬ҪæĻǵ˵һ㿪ڣΪˣˣѾĲˡ
ҧҧ˵ԼԼᴦҪ˰æΪҲĻºľɱеļˣѵĻڣγǱĵΪǵ죬ɱ


647 ҪҰæҪ2
Ĵ£еѾ֮⣬ȫγ˱Ķ󵶣ľس˹ȥ
԰ˣľظͲмһˣ˫΢΢һգתȥԱ԰˵ͬʱֻʮӰͬһʱ䣬ľص
ʮߣеĶ󵶣һģΪ˫棬û֮ǰ¶Ϊߣǰ໥֮ʶҲ֪Էʲôˡ
ǣ档ססǵΪֻҪǸΪеģ󣬶ҵ
ľ˵⻰ʱתͷһ֮ϵĳӷ磬ԣ⻰˵ӷġ
ֻҪΪеˣ󣬶ҵ
ӷ粻ɵЦȴû˵һ仰
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Ǳپû˿ʹ࣬еĶ󵶸߸߾𣬳پɳ˹ȥ
پڲϵĺˣҴ󺰵Щһ⣬ǣģ
Ѿ˸ղһĻپΣգȴûǰȥæĳ嵽һߵǰǸߵֵߵͬʱ
̣ѵҪپɲ𣿡ٰߣȻǰ
پֻõĹ߰ˣʱҲѾûüֵˣֺαȥ
ĻپȻپɼͬʱ꣬ڰѵֵʱپɾȻ˷ϰ嵶Ҳʹ嵽˰ǰӲǰֵסߵĽֻϣ
پɴһϵѪͣеĵȴûаԥһͳһߵĲٴοȥһߵͷ­ֱӿ塣
һͷ­ڵϣ˲һ׵ľ룬ûͷ壬ȻԶ·͸ûµƵģ˫еĵȻȥ
Сġ
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궼һ˭Ҳû뵽پɻϳϳͬʱȻһɾǾ˰һûپɵһһ̴ģǰؿڡ
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پѾȹأеĶ󵶲ڵϣһѪ
ͷϵͷθ˫ֽץסپɵļʵô
پɼѵ̧ͷŰϾȻ¶һЦݣ˵飬ܡձԺҲˣ
㣬ΪʲôôɵΪʲôҪҵһ
پʹȴЦݲϣ˵ǵҵʱֻҪһڣͻΪ㵲ġһ뿪磬ֻΪҡһˣ
˻һɫʱѿͬʱͯʱ⡣
Ǹʱ䣬һСкԼֻҪ۸ԼǸСкͻһʱվԼ±˴ĻˣҲû˿˱ܡǸʱԼǸСк˵ȥһģСкȴ˵ֻҪһڣͻᱣԼģһ죬뿪磬ҲҪΪԼҡһԼ꣬Скһҹ֮䱻ĸĸ˱ǸʱԼʹûСкˡ
ΪСкԶԼǰ֣ȴû뵽ǸСкԭͳˣһֱĬĬػԼԼûǵԼ¹ĳŵһ̣Ϊ˱ԼѾ˾ͷ
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㣬ɱľأ
֮ϵĳӷʵ𣿡
㣬ɱľأΪŮΪȥ˱𣡡
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ԼŮѾˣҲĲˣʣԼһˣһʲôã
굥ַһָָģһСѩɽۣ֮ҪĶɽ
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648 ɽڵı
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˵ʵǿĵˣԯһսĵˣԳӷĿǰΪ˵ʵڣӷĵƶ࣬Ҳľصħ
ͬʱɽɽ֮ϣ޷һ۾ҵ˵ɽڣɽһطǳԲ˵ģҪΪԱ𣬾Ͳ¿Цֻǰ벻˵Լ˵֮غ󣬳ӷûȥһۣ͸ľֱرɽȥˡ
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ٶȻ治ʸΪҵĶ֡
ľ˵йδͼıɽձ֮ǰɽ鹫ϵӷͬһͣԣǻġ
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أ
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Ǹ뷨ҾԲǸ׻ϣΪң󶼻һֵģҿɲɵԼһԼĺ󻼡
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ӷһЦ㣬Ҳܿͻ֪ˡ
գﶼǳԷὫԼĵ߸¶ģûʲô
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˶ǳСĵĽɽⱾͲڣʹĶӣɼӷľضǳСġ
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ɽǰһ̨ϣڷһɫĺӣӲǺܴ󣬴Լװһ
һںڵǣôᱦӲУɽڵĿռ̫СǷųǻ񽣣ʩչľۻʾһϦħʹնνɽܲסܻᵼɽݣòʧ
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649 ﵽ
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컹ǰǿƣԲԼΪ裬ڣӷ̬תҲ̫˵ɡ
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650 Ӣۻع
峿ıûԵĸׯϣûһԱеģȫɫװĹ쵼ˣǵļǽ̳ϵԪס
һݵϽ׳μԪףȫûվȴʮλӢ۵ĻعӢۣڿսԡѪսӢۣ廹ѾӲǹ˼ʮ꣬ǵ־Ҳδ˿
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651 ӷ
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˶٣Խ˵ʲôط
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652 ̨
һһʼͽеĵȫ¶Ļһպ޷ȥչȫµĵƣǾһǳԿ顣еĵ˶ĵϸ֮ǾͿܴסʹ㴭
һǿĶ֣ӷ¶ĵʵ̫ˣһҲ֪ˣǽгӷպôȥ
һҷй뿪ձʱӷ绹ͣ˴ԼʮңʮһŵһǱˮֱͧձձĸطǾҪձˣ
Ȼʱ֮ǰȻС
ǳӷձһһͳĴʱǸľصģߵʱǸձģ
ڶ죬һųޣŷҵͷ汾ϡ
ձǵ˭Ǳ
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ľصȼһ֧̣˼Ͷ˺ֵһ죬ġ
ǣӷڲȥ֪ȥǱʶģֱӻྩȥҲҪκ˴кˡЩϸԼиԼľ֮Ƕ⹫սѣǣӦõģ
ǰˣֹͣķǾҪǹˡ
ҹӷڻصĻһĵһйȻҪץԼ
ӷѽԼʲôط֪أȴˡ
ҿͧΧųӷ粻ͣĴתϼصִԱǹȰӷ̽ͣ£
ڰĺϣֻƹųӷ磬ɳӷȴΪҹĺѾǳˣҲ۵ĸЩ˵
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ӷվϸһһҿͧϵӣ¶еԾһκûѽǫ̂ܵˣ
СӣòҪҶ
λͬ־ᣬһᣡҲ͵ɿͣ
ͬ־ǲ͵ɿͣһǴڵ͵ɹģ
ӷѽû½ִ̨Աͬ־ʲôⲻǷɵ
Щڵ͵Ǽˡôõķģ㻹ǵһСӣøʵһ㣬ǵĹǻԼ٣Ȼǲڵȥ򣬾ͱǲˡ
ʵӷ˵治Ǵڵ͵ɹģǴձ͵ɹģĻ˵㵱ݵӰˣձ﷫̨壬룬ǲ̫Զ˵㡣ң⼸캣ϵɲôãǴףǱģרҵʿԷձ̨壬Ҳǵķײɣ
ܿ죬ӷͱΨһٿҲûˣ֤ų̂庣޷ȥ϶ӷݡ
Ҫǵĸˣǵĸҡ
˺ؾһӷȴû
ֵܣˣķùˣûá
תͷһģֹԼһˣʮŮŮ
С˧磬Ǵ͵ɹģһ޵ŮʵһŮ˵Ĵţ֪Ǹһеġ
Ҳ͵ɿ͡
ӷ
Ǹһ͵ɿֻͣǰȶˣһ˾̨ˣ
ӷ硭
ֵܣǼǶˣĵģ
ѽҽһǺˡ
ӷ硭
ʲôطʲôѽץ˻ôģӣǻ治ͷһ͵ɣ
治͵ģ˵Ҳţ
С˧磬㻹Ȱɣˣǻǻȥġ
ʲôҪ
ȻˣһҪۼ˰ʮһˣŻͻȥģ̨˶ڿ죬һԲΡֻҪ㰲һ㣬͵µĻĻʳɱڵصļʳҪ̫ˣ
ãһǾ
˭Ʒ
̨庣Ʒ˴ʵ
ǡ
һվش
Գȥˣ
л١
˭󺣣
ǡ
ţҲԳȥˡ
лл١
ţˣһŮ˱˳ȥӷʵǿԳȥ
СֵܣˣвͨǵȻᱻǲͻȥ
ҲҲǮǮ
ص˴ЦңʵʵŰɡ
λͬ־ֻҴ绰֤ʮ̨ҡ
Щڵ˾֪ص˽Źϣӷ磬ֱˣ
ӷ硭
Ǹţô


653 Ҳ̨
ʲôҪ͵ɿ֮ͣһ
ӷ罫صֵԱȫؽУԼȴǴҡ˳ֻ޷ĵĳӷ磬ֻںϵˣ治֪ȥʲôط
֮֮ྩȥҲ֪ʲôȥ±ǵģҲ̨壬ᷢʲôȤҲ˵
̨̼ңᣬ벻ҳӷȻַʽ̨ɣȻѾ̨ˣЩһĺӣҲͷˣ
ز̨Уҹиһ治̫ʺϳӷ磡
ȳԼ붹ȥͼݿ飬Ǽôˬѽɳӷ֪ԼĿǰġԲȲ𶹽ͼݣʲôطѽ
ӣҪϵһڵصĳһˣԼҪ̨ҽάԼĿǰˣ
߱ˣóҸԼҵļ̳ˣȻ޷̨ߣǹƲţȴǾԵʵ
ƴţϵҪԼھǱ߶үǵʣǼŮˣϵķԼżپǣ˰ɣ̨ߵ˸ߡϵҲ٣
ˣ̨壬ԼǻһŷĽ֮һ̨ϼŵܲãǸЧҲ̼ңȴԼҪ̼ļһ̨壬Ҳһһҵ֮飬Ͳ̫ˣ
ӷ籾һ²ϼʲôطģɱϾѾˣ⣬Լȥŷһᱻ̼ҵǸŮ˷ֵġңŷһôˣӷǳԼͬʱҲԼõҪһУǾԵαӣСŷ̫Զˣ
˭Ҳңˣ취ôŪǮɣܲ˯ϰɣЩ֪ˣЦ
ӷ粢̨֪ʱü棬
ǱߣԽѾɳ˴ȫصغѰųӷ磬ֻҪֳӷ翿̴ؾǡ֮⣬λүǱߣҲѾ׼һöѫ£ӷ粻գȳʮλӢۣƾ㣬Ѿ㹻ʸðѫˣⰮѫ£ҲԴĳݸλټйʮλүӻԼҼλΪж֮⣬˭ʸõѫ£ӷһ˰ˡ
⣬ѫ²й䲼ģй䲼ģҲ˵õ˰ѫ֮ˣ˾ͬʱľΣٽӷձӪжΪйΪһٽһɳӷԼȴһҲ֪
ڷ棬Ĵû뵽ӷ⼸ȻܵձȥˣδȳʮӢ۸˳ձľس˴
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ӷ̨һСԽ֣׼÷ֹʱͻһš
˵ûУҪ̨ˣŮѽɱ־Ҫˣ۸ˣ
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ЦѽЦڵϰ壬ȻҪְԱ췹ˣʵѽڣڣŶ֪ŵĻϰ壬ǳӷ硣
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㣬̨ļýԼȥ棬㿴ܲܡ
Ż˵һ룬̽ӻȻˡСţʱͬˣڵۣôܸЩСֻһץס˰ѱֻʲôˣ
㣬ɲ˵һû֮ǰͬСڳˣѵҪǰѵİ˲ɡ
ҲˣʱྩʱǸνΪԼȻҪѣˣֵȥύ𣡡
鶼Ѿôˣͱˣ
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ģָҹ
˵ЦǵĺԽԽˣ̨壬ȻҪڹ˾˱ڹѵ㻹Ҷֲɣ


654 ΧŮ
ǰһû뵽Ȼǳӷ硣
ǲõЦݣʹĺ޷԰ΣڹûӦʱѾ˴ǰס˳ӷ硣
ǵĺʲôʱôˡѵڵ˶𣿡
ӷһЦúſЦĵãϿɿӷʵʱܵȥˣþöҲ
ѽΣ𣿡
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㣬±׷ɱ
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ڹҲЦӣÿһԺСе˶㣬Ǿ͸ûؼҳԼˣ
һЦӷҲѾܾûڹˣڹ˾ǱҲûȥǬɽǸ˵һæŵλ飬һ͸ƴţһȥṫ˾
Դӵڹ˾ҵһֱǺڹǼڴڣҲѾϰ˹һҹ˾ڹ˾ԽԽãѾȫкܶҵϰ壬Ǳкܶǣ纮㣬ҲҺڹǡȻǱߵ쵼ϺڵĻҲϵڹ˾ģ
ӣ֮ǰһģεݳʲô⡣ˣľͿԷŽˡ
һԴӺų֮󣬶溮Ŷһϵе鷳ڳӷˣԼҲôۣ
ɲҪˣҿû㷹롣̨壬Ҳҵı⣬̨飬ҲڴģԲŹһ
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˵ˡȻѾ̨壬ǾӦúúõһ¡ֻĿǰе鷳ҪǵĺǰҴһ£
Цˣʲô鷳ѽ鷳ҲֲҰ㴦ѽ
ӷ綼˼ˣ˵Ŀǰ̨徯ͨңԣ㻹취´һ°ɡ
ͨ㣿˵̨Щ첻ˣҲͨҪ绰ȥЩľȫǹˡ
ӷѽ˵С㣬㵱ڵˡྩҪǹʲôˣҲֲ˵ѽ
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ӷ磬ɱ˻ǷŻˣ̨徯ΪʲôҪͨ㣿
˵ʵأ͵ɹģ

Ǽһ㶣ѵڵĹӸ磬Щðյзɻ㲻͵ɸѽ
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ڹڴ˼Цγ̫ûʲôǮҪһǧ飬á
һǧɣ̨壬һǧҿԻǧ̨ңǧ̨ңʲôѽԶٷûˣ
óǮֹȻûǮ̨ʱ͸һɣԣԣ԰ůŶ
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гӷڣͲĺųˣкӷ磬Ÿڹ뿪˾ƵꡣȻڹڰбҹĻīһɫĴñӡ
Сʱ֮󣬳ӷһ̳̳ǳ󣬵ģķװֻһ¥гԶĵطǸ·СһĵΡ
˵ıǼƵ껹ߵεĵط
룬Ӧòɣ
Ȼã˶ԳԴӲҺֻ֪ݵӰôĿݳˡż㿪ģ
Цʵ̨岢ܵ˼ԼҪġΪ̨ߣᷢһȦеĴ£Ҳ÷ԣ˿ݳĽڹģͬʱҲڸ̳չ
£ʲôѽ
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ӷ㶣˵֪ӽ̨ڵصģôķݣ
Ǹ⡣ΪϴεĵӰƱ̫ˣ޵һ־̨ܾӳ̨Ϊ˸˾ùϵ;Ҳμεİ佱ᣬ˵һΧŮǽء
⻹ǳӷû뵽ģΪŻõڵصĽ֮۵Ľ񽱣̨òöûʲô˵ġǣ̨廹ֱȥˣ
Ȼ̨ģ룬ӰϵҵҲ̨߷չˡȻȥ֮Ҹż˵˵̨Ӱӽ硣
֪ģеʱ滳ɣ˭ǹ˾ϰ壡
˿ɲ̫ϲ˾⡣һҵڹ˾ûʱȥġ
ҹݳᣬһҪŶ
ᳪĻҲȥ
Сңҿȫˡ
ȫܺãȫܺá
ˣҴΪһͬѧϰ࣬ʶ
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655 С
һݲڵţţʽĶӷϲûκζ£ƾǴӱҲһһ
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صġꡱһ˵±ϲǰɡСˡ
Сţ𣿡
һ㶣ѾöûˣٴԼĶ˵Ϥ
תſһŮװŮˣϣ¶˼Ϊı飬´һŮˣʵ㣬ӣ
Сţѽҽӵĵ绰ʱţȻǵͬѧ
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ЩˡڶʱҲ˵ֻϲϷģĲ̫ں
ĳˣҲƯˡңȴѾˣ
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λǡı𣿺˧ıѽ
οһЦͰѳӷˣԼǴλ̫үأȴԼͬѧ˵Ǳڣϣӷ粻Ҫźá
ӣҵıˣһλѡǽһ¡гӷ磬ڻྩѧѧӷ磬ҵͬѧӦңǶеʱϵǳã㵽ڣǰЩͬѧûϵˣҸӻǱϵ
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ӷ粢ûȥӦǱߣƣھǰȥܾò̫Լˡ
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סӦңҪˣɳӷȴ˵һǮûѽõŮ˵ǮӦòְɡȼѽλŮģҾͲˣ
ӷҲӦҶ˵ʲôϾΪ˺źã뺮űƭѣǼ̨Ȧ֪Ҫöٱ
Сţôôѽƭ˶֪СһСУȥѿҪ
ʵˣЦӣˡӷǲῴǮġ
Уֻ۾Ž𿨶Ҫˣ
һЦ˵ӣ֪ݵĻͲˡ
ݣһС𣡡
ɷϵģӷΣȷеСǡ
Щ治֪ӦӦ˵
Сţͬѧǰѵ㻹ʲôĵ𣿱£СӸ۸Ļͱץ
ӣҾ͸һˣǧ˵ѽ
İɣңǰǲƭ㲻Ǯ
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Сţ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣǵУһڣʮڣʮǮò֡
Ҳ˵֪ݵĻͲˡ
ʲôѽ
ӣҸ㣬үүȫҵĴʼˣԶɽҸ㣬ĸףŵܲãҸ㣬⹫ǹһλԪ˧Ҹ㣬ĸףǹҵԽ𣿡
ӦֱŴͣᶼ˵һ֣


656 鷳ѽ鷳
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ӷֻﶼһӣװŵȫǳԵġ
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˿̣ڹĶ΢΢һĶԺ˵С㣬ûˣұ̻ؾƵꡣ
Ҳɵĵ˵ͷֱ뿪֣ûȥǻˡ
ں뿪ǻ·ֳİ칫ң˵·ӣ̨壬һλ
ղŵôҵڶûӦСһҪڵصľӣһֱ뿪ˣλѣ»ʲôͷ
Ȼ̨ܵģ룬ӦûǾǷˡңӦλ쵼˵·Ӧ֪Ȼ̨廹δع飬̨ЩԱɶĿ֮£ÿͳΣʲôѡ٣Ƕӵģ벻ͬĻ̨֧ǸͳλҲȡ
ҵȻҪڵǣˣѾˣô
ǻһ£˵㻹ȥĻȥݷһºС㣬һλֻҪˣӦþûʲôˡϾ˼ͷֳ̫һë㣡
·ֳǻתԼڻǱסԼλΪҪ


661 һ˵
ӷ磬ʲôʱؾƵģôҲ˵һǻΪأ
ںڹı¸һصƵ귿䣬ͼӷɳϿӡ
Ϊ˷ֹЩ̨徯췢ͻֻ뿪ˡҲ֪ô˵Ҳ̨壬ҲҼ̨֪ܵˣԲ̫󡣡
ֻظģϾǸŮȶ֣ɼȻ鷳ˡ
Ǹͬѧ˵һ⼸òҪܡҿǸŮҲʲôŮһһᱨġ
Ҳ뵽ˣǴ⼸һģֵһ鷳࣬ؼȥˡ
šţȳȥһ£еҪڹ˵
ſһۺڹ˵ȥ㷿ɡ֪ʲôء
뿪󣬺ڹʵʲôԸ
ڹθһжˣ
ȫǹ˾ְԱＦҲҪģΪĿǰǼ˾飬»ʲôţǼڹ˾ˡ
㽫ȫйһ䷿
գӣܲ˵һ㣿
ǵܣ䷿һĿռ䣬ܷڷʲô£綼֪
Ҫ뱻֪ڷ飬ֻҪŴؽͿԣͲҪ̫񡣺ڹ׳ӷΪʲôҪҲò
ҳȥ׼һ¡
ʮӺ󣬳ӷоĳ֣䷿סˣ粻֪ڵ飬ڷڵˣҲ޷о¡ӷ˵ŵķ䣬Ѿˣ
ӷ絥һӣһɫĺӣƯǰ
ɫĺӣǳӷձõıҲǰĴ֮ڴձعĺ·ϣӷùܶ෽޷Ӵ򿪣Ҳ˵ڣӷ綼֪װĵһʲô
ɲҪҷôľõģһ
ӷ̾˿б򲻿ĻǾ͵ñɽֶ飬飬ʵ⡣
ڵĵԴ򿪣ӷһIPַϵģȻձǱߵ硣
ҽ鵽ûУ
Ļʾһձˣձˣձʵ顣
ձ棬ҪΪԼ֮ˣԼȥձһΪ
ɫΪѿڳӷºʵĲὫǼ¸ʣ
ӷЦЦ˵Ȼָλʵ͵飬ѵʲôµ𣿡
ҪһΪԼ£ĸԸ֮⣬ֻץסİѱˡձ棬һӤҰ֮⣬ԲеڶĸԸΪӷµģôӷҪõڶˣ
֪ܲҸ̫̫ȾҾˣ
İɣֻҪ£ǶƵͲᴫȥġ
ΣҲòճӷ˵ȥ
һ㣬֪
ܸܲң˭µǶƵ
ʸ֪𣿡
ӣձ棬ӦûΪ°ɣ
ǮʹĥںܶʱǮĥȥƹû⡣ֻҪǮձһ˽̽ȥ㣬ձĵλ˵Ӧúܺò顣Ȼ֪ҵʱҵĸ˽̽Ļǲ⽫ַָġ
ˣȻҵİѱѾˣҪҰ飬Ҿһ쵽Ҳϣܽãһ֮󣬽ǶƵңҲݡ
İɣҴӦȻ쵽ڻȸң㶼鵽Щʲôɡ
˵ҵõ鱨Ĵ֮һʮǰ嵱ʱļһʱõġ
˼ǣĴ֮һʮǰģͲ汲ģ
û
ûв鵽ʲôط񵽵ģ
屻ľΪûľҪĶҲûȥں԰ЩһУԱպЩչһǿΪձ¡Ҳ죬˴Ļܵｫļ׸͵ġ߰һʮǰأʱļǴģгﺣʱͻȻ࣬׵罻ӣгߵͬɫĹâǰ㣬˷׹ȥһâպ׹˰Ĵǰʱļº̣ǲʲôı
ӷʵǴʲôûУ
ûأǴǸʱ𣬰νĴ֮ҲǴǸʱ𣬰֮ϵģΪձеĵһż塣룬ʱİǿǴĹâ쵽һеġ
˶٣˵Щǲģû˿ȥ϶Ͼǰһ˵ˣ
󣬳ӷ翴˿Ưߵĺӣĵһʮǰߵâߵâͬǰ㳯˷׹䣡壬ƾǳõһâձģߵĹâѵǡ߲ʯƬ


662 ʯ
ԹرգѾ˴ϡ
ӷһ˫۾Ŀźӣ뿪¶Ժϸѧʱкܶ£ǳӷ벻ͨġ
ҲܳʲôܣԼүүڱʲôܣǾſܻɹĽƬӷ綼͸οǽ˵߲ʯ
Լؿڣһع¶ԺǴΣӷõһʯͷһɢȵʯͷڶྩѧǿļһΪģҲһʯͷһɢʯͷǳ֮Ϊ֮ʯȴ˵Ҳ߲ʯеһ֣
ڣմձõıпҲ߲ʯеһƬҲ˵ӷٵõһƬĻǾˣȱĿ飬ܾۼһС͵߲ʯˣ
˵еϹŴŮĴڹɼ߲ʯ˵ǰ㣬ģӡһһ̫Ʈ죬̫˼飬ǵ۴еĳӷ磬޷ȥܣ
ʯͷѽʯͷǵǴӺδģĻ͸һССʾɡ
䣬ӷ˫ſһһףâӳӷƳ
ڶʱһһǿҵϢţʹĺڹ˳ž޴ѹ
Ȼӷڸ֪ڹжô࣬Ƭֻ뿴ںڵģǲ߲ʯеһ飬ǵĻƬӦûӦŶԡ
ϧӷʧˣƬ󣬺ӻûκεķӦӷҲڣûСϣСҲ֪ʲôطȥˣ˵ʲô֮ܽ⿪ǧֹ֮ԣ
ѵҲ²󣬺ĶͲƬ
Ȼ֪Ƭ֮ԣŮ߲ʯӡĵһô磬һ˵ǰ㣬Ǹǿݺӡ֮һȫʵʱģʱֽᷢʲô飡
Ȼһᣬľۻʾȫӷ˫ȭһգ鲻֪ǸǻƬʯ˵ҪھͽƬˣ⽫ʲô
ȭͷһ𣬳ӷ˽˵Ļ
ƬڽܰﵽԼſãˣǾԲǼ£
𣬳ӷʮֵԥһʱ䲻֪ô
ͻء
ϵĺһ仯óӷ󾪣˵˴ǰ
ͬʱƬҲѾͬһλá
иӦиӦ
ӷģֻǾĵȴţſڵĶ᲻֣ǲӦܵƬĸӦġ
ڽ͸漴ʧΣʧˣֳһ
Ƭ
ûƬʯһ鴿ɫƬʯɢǿҵĺڹ⣬Ƭʯ໥֮ǰǣţ׺ֹâڷڲͣ˸źɫƬʯɢȵϢɫƬʯɢϢɫƬʯɢ˴صϢҲ˵һֵ
ӷ۾գһ£´ʵһĻ
ƬʯĿֹâһȻƬʯҲһ
漴Ƭʯ㣬һ˲䣬Ȼһ𣬿һʯͷΪ׺ֲͬɫ
âʧһƬʯ˴ϣû˿ĶˣɳӷȴоĵһƬʯɢӦ˵һϢһϢͬһոճӤ㣬Ҫ˯ˡ
ӷߵߣѾƽϢɫʯ˲Լ˫ۣԼ֤ԼǲΡ
ƬʯȻϳһɫʯͷѵ紫˵еǰϹŮ洴ɼ߲ʯе飡
߲ʯǾ˵Ļģµ飬ӦǲԶˣ
ȥһɫʯͷӷԽԽ
ǿݺ磬ǵһô磬˵ǿߣǿһôĵز˵ϴྩѧֵǿ߾ǽ˵Ǹ֮˵ĻҲ˵ӡѺۣǸ磬Ѿ˽ʵ磡
ǵϴǰֵĳֹ֣һһΪ˰ɫƬģɵȴˣѵҲѵǿߣҲη˰֣Ļǰָүү飬ӦΪˣصļܣ᲻͸Ǹǿݺйأ
뵽Щӷ綼еͷʹˣ
ţϹʱھѾ磬Լļ壬ȴܸǸйأ˵ʲôѵԼңϹʱھѾҲ̫˵ɣϹʱڣĲ²˵ʮ꣬ϹŴڵļ壬̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
飡
ڹǵʧѾٶӷ̽ɫʯսڣ򿪷һڹǼȫԵأ


663 ˿
һǸһ˯ģø˳ӷ磬ɵȴ˺ڹǼ˵ĵط
ΪƬɢڹǾԵֵסģǵľȫˣ֮ǲתҲ˵ڹѾ޷ȥˣݹɳӷܣ
Сʱӣ˿꣬ûڣһγһ±ڵζҲеһ˰ɣ
ϰ˵㣬ӷƵ̨коƵĹԱû¾ͱŵķ䣬һһģƵЩԱȻҲ˵ķԸ

յƵ˵Ƶ깲õͣᵽڵ¥ʱͻŵһУóӷһԼ뿪һ¾ͳ˰ɡ
ϳ˺Ÿڵķ䣬Ÿձӷһų忪ŸŮ˶Ǵ˯µģŮ˯һ㶼ᴩ£һ۾ܿŮ˵忴ʮǵ˯͸͵ģӷ綼е㲻˼ˡ
ǺŸڸ͹ܲô࣬ӷ뷿䣬ȫܵ˳ӷ
ʲô£
ڳԼ֮⣬ûеĸѽŮû¹ʲôѽ
һֻô𣡡
ָʽĴǰŵ
ǼľƵʲôѽ˵ھƵ̨꣬ǵϣҲĴѽЩ𣬶ڽ֮ģ
ɳӷۿȥ˵һֻƴڴϣֻ𻹱ȽرȫΪѪɫһ˫ſģĻӶš
ӷ̾˿˵ϸʧ
žһֻѪɫϢˣʧ֮󣬻һСС
ŸۼһĻǶԼ۾ֻȻƾʧˣôܣΪӷһ仰ʧģ
ӷתûˣٳֵġ
⣬ô£ӷ磬ֻǡ
˼һֻһû˳

ûиģ
ӷҲʲôŸ໥һۣҲ֪˵ʲôˣ
ˣڹϳ˵£̨ʱ䣬Ǳˡ
£ǳʲô£ҪҪǰæģ
ˣҲﲻæǷģ̨ʱڹǵĹ棬һᱣġ
˵Цˣ㱣ңҿܲ𣡡
˭ǵڹ˾ϰأ²ɹҲֻϰˣ
ǲԣǺѽҲһֱźŸ˳ӷ磬˳ӷɽţʣټй˭ҵﺮѽԺһһĽǺŵ֮
ȻǾ鷳ˣ
ɶӦõġ
ǳӣ㿴ǲȡ
Ȼ·ɣٸǽҪЩʲô
߳󣬳ӷһ֣˵ձʱҾѾ˵ҿԣûͬ£㲻ܳ֡㽫ҵĻɶ߷Ļϻذȥ
žһ
һȳ֣ղֻѪɫٴγ˳ӷǰңɢһѪɫĹâգۼ䣬Ȼһ׷۵ӢʽŮˣ
Ů˺ӢǱߵˣΪӢҲ͸һ󣬾벢ԶʮҵӣһͷɫӦ˵һͷɫͷ޷¶Ʊ˫ɫ۾˸ŵ⣬ԵļΪصӣ߸ӷ࣬ҲǼΪãһŮԾʿװԵļΪ߹ڵӰŮˣһʲôŮ֮ġ
㵱ҺΪҴɩҴĻΪŮôܻйСӡ
˿׵£׵¼ĳԱ֮һҲǺá
ʱྩʱΪӷõҩһ˵Ĺϵʹİ׵¼μԶӷ͵ҩӣӷҲǺСһš
ձʱӷ֪ľزԼ뿪ձģ뷽Ǳʱֲó֣Գӷ׼ϵ˺¥Ϊӷޣȸ֮ܳ˾Ӹһ߼Ѫǰձʹձֲ޷ֹӷ뿪
ҲǴʱ𣬺³ӷ绹ᷢʲô⣬ԾãҲǰ˿ڳӷߣһʲô£˿Ҫ֪ͨ׵¼Ǳߣ׵¼彫㳲ΪӷЧ
СѾͷƢ綼˵㲻𣿡
СѾͷСӣ֪ҶѾһٶˣСѾͷ治֪ߡ
˿˵һйһѪ˵ѪϰͣҲǺģ
Ҳ˵Щ֮òøҵܣڹڳҲҪ鷳
Ϊ׵¼жҾҪҿǵһйй˵Ѫһܺúȵġ
㡭
һ˿ʧˣӷѽԼĸһû뵽죬ԼҲһѪ治֪˿Լʲô鷳
ӷ׷ȥֹ˿ȥѪֻ̨ţתͼǰ߹ˡ
һ£С䷿𣿡
ҺŵģӷȻҪŵİȫȻشǵġ
С˵һ˵ֹ̨˾ǻԣ̨оֵ·ֳǰݷá
ֳֵľֳΪϵġϳӷǰˣҲû˼棬ȻҲ֪Լ˭
Ŷǵһ£Сոǻױ
õģǾ͵һ°ɡλСֵܣǲǺСߵĹԱǻʵ
ӷЦǵģǺСıڡ
ôС;͵ˣӦûɣ
ȥһʮû⡣
ǻԸ·ֳ¶һÿı飬˵;ܴţ


664 
ڽӽϵһЩкݳǴ£ӦȥǻԵĹ˾̸ģΪŲǻµˣΪ˲ЩдҲֻھƵ̸ˡ
⣬·ֳǻһȻΪԸŵǸΪҪ£뺮һλɲܵˡ
˷䣬ںŸǻ̸۽ӽݳ£ǱҪڳģκˣûʸ롣Ȼ·ֳǻԵѣ̨ͷݳỹǽӽϣҪǾϣⷢʲô⣬ԣ·ֳȻҪڳ
С㣬̸飬Щǹϵҵܵģǲıڳȥһ£
ǻԿһԱߵĳӷ磬ҲеرԼҲٴǴڵģǵıڶӷ㣬һ뷿䣬Լ˶û£һ
ڣ
Ҳһ۳ӷ磬λ̫ү治óϷúſЦã
ûϵģԼˡ
Լˣʲô˼ŵĹԱ
ʵλǺСǱڣ㲻Ҫʲô
Ӧ죬ǻԶ룬ڳܱȱҪöˣ
ԭղŻΪǺСıء
ǻЦЦ˵ȻǾûʲôˡ۽ӽݳ֮ǰλҲΪϵ飬صС˵Ǹġ
·ֳЦС㣬ʵǲ˼ϣ㲻ҪΪһʱᣬ̨徯뷨
᣿Ҳϵᡣ·ֳӲҪ˵Ļ룬Ӧȥǧ˵Ϊһʼǧѵ鷳ǧȶֵĻҲͲϵ鷢ˡ
С˵ûϵȷСŮȣҲѾѵˣҲ֪ˡС𣬶ʱڡСǸģѾͷϣҲѽֻܹ׵û̺á
·ֳͲҪҵǸûҪŮǸȻ鶼ѾˣҵҲûʲô£ҲСץ²ţҾͲ뿪Ǿˡ
лСܹ¡⣬С㲻Ļһһ˵Ǹ
һλѣ·ֳ˵λ
ǴŮѵλ

Ų俴һ۳ӷ磬ɳӷȴûƵģǷ־
֪Ȼӷ뿪˾֣ǾʹҲûϣӲ̨֪ݡ
ӣ·ֳԹͲǸҵǸģλ鷳ɣ
·ֳЦһ£˵С㣬û´ĻλѣӦԾǰɣ
ǰɡ
̨ߵľ٣ҲȥǼΣǱҲмѣ֪Сλѣ˭ҵĹӣ˵һʶء
ŷһЦ˵·ֳʶλѵļ˵Ļ룬첻ֹ̨еľֳôˡ
⻰˵Ĳ̫·ֳǻԶĳŵ˼˵·ֳ⼶𣬸ûʸʶλѵļˣҲ˵λѵļˣھǵݸλǽ˹Ժ
ʵ·ֳǻѾµһ㣬ӷĸ׵ȷڹԺְֻǼȴ·ֳǻ벻ģ
ӣǽԵСλˡҲ뺮Сλ˵һ̨ʲôµĻܸ绰һȫæġ
Ҿλл·ֳˡ
Сˡ
ȻҪ˼Ҳ̸̸ˡ
ǻ˵С㣬ӽ֮У֮ǰҲѾСϵˣƾϲӵĵӰΧ̨ӽŮǵĽȻҲܱ֤ӰܲỨ亮С֣֮ҲϣС㵽ʱɫı֡⣬ݳᣬŵĵط̨С޵ҲĿǰֵ̨ĵطΪεݳ͵ģûгƱҲ˵ʱʲô˶볡СİȫͳΪǹ˾Ϊĵġ
ŰȫһᰲźõģҲġ
лСΣҲģһ̨壬һãȫ治κġ
ʵ̨Ѿܶˣ̨ȦҲмѣֻʱһûȻ֪
ˣΪϽһᣬǫ̈̄ȦˣСӽݳ֮⣬뺮Сϲμ̨Ȧۻᡣ
ǽӽݳᣬյĿľǼǿԼǴ֮⣬ͬһȦ˼ʹϵҲǳҪ
Ǻãһᵽġ
һھʹӦҲҪȥԼǼѵģ֮ǰԣڸպóǻԵⳡǼ档
ǽҾӺС㡣
鷳ˡ


665 1
ⳡ̨ȦΪǻλҵͷٿģ̨һǻЩˣͳͳҪǻӣ˭Ҳȱϯ
Ȼ̨ȦеҲѾ֪ǻٿⳡᣬҪĿľӭӺŵĵҲ֪ǻԸôĳ棬ҪͽģǺպǣڵǲƣҲûǻԸôĵزǻԵĿģźߣǸڵصҵͷ
һ̨Ȧͷڵصҵͷʵ̫С̫ۡѹʮǻԱҪԼʱ򣬽Լҵһ۷ȥΪ·˸زϼ֮⣬ڵʵҵͷżҲǹϵҵࡣ
ϰ˵ʱǻԾѾɳ飬һ߼ı۳ȥƵӺš
᳡⣬ҲǻԼ⣬ѾǽұΧкܶµľڰأ
ǰ춼룬ʲôʱҲܲμĴ;ۻᡣ죬ڿԲμˣ̨ģǻڵȦ˵ҲСѽ
ŻǰԼδʱӣŬڵĳɾͣһзξɣ̫죬̫ˣ
ܶʱ򣬵һ˵ķչ̫죬վʱͻῪʼģĽӵеһУʱʧȥرȦ̫ʵҲ̫ң˻˵Ϸʱţжܼ˵Ŀܿĵֻ˵ĻЦ
ôȴ𣿡
ڣӷЦ
£ȻˣǷǳµ֡
еŬһӣȴòҪġе˽һܸıҲһֻɣûеĻȴˣȻˣǾͺúõķչȥ͸ɽһҪ۷壬ͱ벻ͣĿ棬һ¿ˣͻῪʼ£ԼٵһʱһȣֱӾ͵ȥ
˵ⷬģضǾ֮ˣɣ֮ˡǣԳӷͣȻҲ˵ĻʵǻԵһ
ô㶼һҸϰô꣬ҲûĸĹ˵ġ
ǻԵ߿ų˵
ӷûٶʲôϾŮԼʶҲʶȻˣֺα˵Լװء
飬һڵĴɲҪЦ˵
ᣡ;˵ĻҶ϶ǰ;޵ġС㣬˵ʵҹһǣҲûӢΪʲôҲǲȦȥ
ûʲôԶ룬ֻ򵥵ǣʺңҲֻˡ
ӷνóȻһ뷨ˣĿǳԼ֮ǰĿ佱̫ˡ
ܿ죬Ѿұ⣬ӷ翴һ۴⣬˵Ⱥѽ
̨ǣŮУȻױˡ˵һŮ˻ױǺģһ˻ױʲôѽ
ӷ磬̨Щǣʲô
ʲôĻֻ˵̫ԸԼ̫ߣĲ񻰣ȴ˵кܶϲǲ۵Ľɫȴ˵ԼٴǺ뾡һа취þһֶҪλȴ֪Ǹȡûʲôֱ𡣡
Цӣ㲻̫ϲ̨Щˡ
ʵϵûڵصȱһʣ۵ȴ˼ʶ֮⣬̨ЩǣѾϵƤˣӲҪ˵ԼʲôڵأֻҪǹ˶ʮ꣬˵Լģǻ˵ԼѾˡ
˵ҲûʵҲ̫ϲ̨Щǣ̫̫ΪǡνӽսϰǵˡĿģΪڵظߵĹڶ˵ֻһԺֵĽϣ̫ף󲿷ǶˣϰֱӽĿˣΧʸûС
˵˵ǸĿҲڽĿҲ̫ϲ˻ġ
⣬ʵӷ磬ûп̿д飿
ӷ˵ͷ˵дĻ飬ֻ˵ɢģıʻ㲻ѧҲߣӦ̨Ȧѧߵһˡ
˵Ǵһлĵġ
ӷ粻˵ŽһЦ
ţʱ˿
³һ̣Щδӱˣȫ
ǿˡ
иʲôмɫ𣬲ǹһǮ˼ҵĹӸ𣬷ܻнġ
Ǯ˼ҵĹӸ磿ǺŵǸѣ
ûѾ˺ܾˣǲỹ֪ɣ
Ȼ˵ʱ۵ţϺ߷ʱǸѰ鷳˵Ǹѵͨģڴϣǰλӣȴû˼ǸѣЩ߶عġ
Ǯ˼ҵĹӸȥˣѵ̨ǵưɣһҪǸźÿԼ̨Ľӽûʸá
֮ʱʱ̶̿ڷӽûʼѾ̨˽ŵ˾У


666 2
ǻסı㲻̨һҲѾǳˣӾأӾصΧǸ԰㣬˺ֲֻܶź򡱵ķǳܵ
ͬ԰ıǰԺѾۼ˺üʮ̨ǣǴСɫȫ˵Цÿһ˶ڵǻԵƨȻģۼΪҪĿˣű𣬸Ӱô
ǻԽӵĵ绰˵Ѿſˣ뼸һͬӱ˳һ֣еǶкǻԸļȴûȥκһǣЩǶֱ乬ĸоĳЩ̬˵͸ʹǸûʸΧӽŮǵĺˡ
С㣬ǳ
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һУԼӦõģŬһܵõڲͬĴĻǾͰ׻ˣ
̫ˣܵõ룬ӦҵҲŶԣԳҡ
ǻЦСǿˣΪ֮ǰûãһ٣ٶ˿ˡ
ѾȥͲҪˣҲǸС֮ˡ
ЦЦһǻһһˣ̨оֵ·ֳ
·ֳҲǿһЦ˵ʲô
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棿ƺúŲûЦҪôŻõ˵ĳƺڵأŵżϼẉ̂й˳ƺѽСС̨壬⣬мСǮܵõĳƺ̨壬ʵ̫СˣЩһǾ֮ѽ
Цɲܰ˵ȥˡǵҲΪ׬ڷԶѣܸѽ˵СŵȥģԳ֮ˣɼһҪΪ׬Ǯѽ
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ǻ˵Ͽ̫ǫˣС㣬λ·ֳѾʶˣλҲҵѣģ
ǻԵһܣŲû̫ĲԱߵĳӷ̨ǹڿƼɷ޹˾ϰ壡
ǹڿƼɷ޹˾ӪΧ漰ϷзϷĴϷĻ־鼮ĳ淢Լ˵ӲܱƷ۵ȶ෽ڽǫ̈̄һο˾
ӷһڿ͵ݣȫЩ繫˾Ȼǳ̨ǹڣѾ˽ˣ
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ǻЦӣСһѽ
ЦҪ⣬Ϊұ˱ȽϲϷԶι˾֪һġ
˵ŶСҲϲϷ
ѽûʱڼҴţ±зڼˡ
ӷһЦĵᴵ㻹ϷPKأ
С㣬ǻȸ˴к֮İɡǻԽ
ǾΪһ̨ĸλǰͬˡ
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667 Ҳ
ˣҲǳĻǼ⣬٣ǻԵû˲ҲϵĹÿһ˶
֮ǻǼһᣬ漴ɳź̨Ȧÿǽܣ໥ʶһ¡
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ȫɨţԼǼѣҲϴεྩȥԼѡֻϧԼǼѣûһڳģúźǲ
ԭ˵εǻеģ̨ȦˣҪӣԼǼΪʲôû֣
ҪӳǴԼǼʱ⣬߽һŮˣŮ˳Ĳÿ֮עԭΪڳǣǻǼ˸ոյŮˡ
Ůһɫһͷ̷һС󣬻ŮˣŮ˵ûлķװȴƵġ
ϰ壬ʵڱǸΪĹϵˡ
Ůֱǻߣ󵽳ȴܵһʱǻԴкģ̨ȦڵݸλһСֻǺźʶŮˣҲ˵ŮˣӦòǡ
ŷС¶࣬ĳ˾ѾˣûȥӭӣҵĲԡ
ǻԵ⻰˵ڣڳЩ̨ǲóԾȴǳسԾʵ㣬ʲôѽΪʲôǻԶƵģ
ҡҡͷ˵֪ʱԱǻԵ˵ŷȣ̨ȦڵĵһˣСͬС
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һż⶯ʵ㣬֪ŷȣ
Ȼ̨֪Ȧĵһˣڵظۣǳӡȥǰ꣬ձȦμǱߵļᣬҲΨһһƸľˣͬʱŷȦ佱¶Ļ߻֮һ
ĽŶеͷ
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ǻǼǷǳĸŷʺãŷȴˣҲõһֱƵģڳ˵񣬶ǼȵţĿˡ
Ƚ㣬þòˣʱ仹𣿡
һȺŮȫΧŷǱߣһʱ䣬ûȥںһˡ
ŷȸЩ˵̬ȣȴӶ˵ƵģЩһøһ㣬˲ȽǵĵһȻ֪
Ƚ㣬ܸĻû˿ԲȽ̨Ȧ֪ʲôʱʱ䣬Ҳѽ
ǣҪǵıˡɲҵǣҲҪ˿ˡ
䣬ŷһתΧóһ··պͨǱߵġ
ŷ̨ǵͬ£˺ǰǻԶеˣ֪ŷȵĿҲûκ˷νŮ⣬ŷ֮ǰкܴΪǾˣҲˣûֱӸˡ
ŷƽͷģҪŵ㣬ֳʲô²źѽ򣬺Żȥżǰ˵仰Ժɾûӹˡ
ѽ˭֪ŵǽ̨Ҳǳ顣ϼŶûţһŷȰѺŸˣҪȥƨɵģ
ǻһ£˵ȲҪǿ˵ŷǸŮȻţ»зִģ̫֡
ŷѾһֻ֣ʺãҲǷǳŷʺãһ̨ȦĵһˣȦŵλŮˣȫµӰվһҪǱ߸ˣһͷš
С㣬ˡ
ŷϴŲǷĵЦݣʹĺŵе㷢ë
ŷС̨һˣպա
գСЦˡŵͷƣʸȥѽϾ̨壬ŵĵ̨̣壬С㻹ǫһȽϺá
ű˵ĲýӻˣŷȷھԼѵԼҪľ治ɡ
ΧЩ̨ǶſϷҲ֪ŷȵƢεĽӽ˭ңǻǼͷˣŷȻûͷҲ˵Ӱ˭ŷһƱǹؼ
ˣûϲСΧ̨ӽ֮أ˵ϲˡ
лŷС㣬ҵҰĲҲ֪ԼûǸʵĵ󽱣ԡ
֪ԼûǸʵãѧϰ㽫ķչкôġһ˵κС̨壬˲μӽӽ֮⣬컹Ҫݳǰɣ
ǵġ
һ˵СϷڳ裬治֪вСҿɣպϰᣬָպһᳪˣͳᣬСյ˱һ£ҲЩȶΪɡ
ŵɫʱһ䣬û뵽ŷȻ飬泬Լϣڳǫ̈̄ǣԼٺãǻἦͷģһڣĿģҪԼˡ
˵ŷС㣬ҿ˰ɡСŵĸĻԡ
ŷһ䣬˵ʲôʸ˵𡣡


668 質
ͬΪˣŷȴɼվȦŷѾһ۷λأΪŵĹ̫ã͸Żһõľˡ
⼸ǹϵѹϵѹΪŷֵ˺ܶࡣԣڹϣǺŵľˣУŵ׽㣬ôİţʲô£Ϊ롣
죬ŷȵȻȥŷȦŶôߵĵλҲҪΪͷ
ŷС㣬⻰˵Ҳδ̫˰ɡǾˣҲҵľˣƾʲôʲôʸ
ڳһŮ˵ţҲ̫Ϊ˰ɣȻȽ˵Ҹ㣬ΪΪͺ˲̨ģɲż
ŷ˵С㣬ʵڱǸԸԭɣղŵĻȷ˵㣬ջظղŲӦ˵Ļ
Ѿʼˣ˵ڵĻջأǲ˵ɱˣֻҪ˵仰ûˣ
ȴֹס˺ţСţϾ̨壬ŷȦҲһӰûҪΪôһС¸ַ
ǡ
ɡ
վ˵ŷС㣬ղ˵ûСԱһҲǸոսӴǹ˾ǲģȻͬСųַ淢չȻ϶Сŵʵղ˵ȶΪ죬СŵĸǿˣȻ˼˵˻ǴƴǵĻǾ˵ڵص̫Ŀˡ
ȻˣҾͽ´ˣҲһֳ׸Ϊ˰ɣ֮ҲСĸǲǸݼһá
ŷȲʱ쭣Ļд̣˵˵㣬Ҳ̫ȥѹˡһẮųʱʲô⣬ԼͿֱӴѹѹݳĶûˣ
С̨ǱһҲҿԭڣóʵΪҳ׸ɡ
ԼʮŮվ˳˵Ƚģһúñֵġ
ⳡûа࣬Ҳû˷磬ֻܿᳪһ˵ѵģΪЩֵCD֮ģǵľù˾ΪǰźеһУأ¼ʱĸ߼ãǶģ֮Ҫһϵе޸ģ֮ģ˵һҪᳪһôѵѽ
ŮҲʲôֱӿھͳǳģҲǳаգԼĸܵõȫͬ⣬ŷ֮Ҫúŵڳ֮⣬Ҳᣬ̨Ȧˣ֪´ˣ
Ŀǰи˵붼ΪģЩ˸еѾʱˣû˻ȥϲҪ˸е裬ҲҪ˷ܵĸо򣬾һʧܵĸ
˵ĸȷû˵ǽлǸߵƵķǳãŷ˵ǰ㣬̨Ϊܳһ
ŸѾʼˣ˵ʵҪ˱ȣڳ跽棬ûǸǽ࣬˺ԶϾ˼Ǿרҵѵģɺڳ跽ȴǰ·ҡ
Ѿ룬Ҫǫ̂ǲܳı˺ˣȻˣ̨ףҪҵĴᶪˡ
ǻԴ˿Ҳʼǰȥֹֹ˼ŷȱ̫ӴҲң취ôﺮŹء
ֹͣڳ˶ʼкá
ŷȷǳĵ˵ͷ˸Ѿصŷ
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ȫˣ˺ţǻ֪Ҫ⣬ǰ˵ʲôϣŷȸ򷢵
ɲǻǰȥڳ˵˵Щ質ϣֳ֮󣬶Ҫ˸һ۵ġ۶ûУʣôһ׺ø衣
תͷȥ˵ģԱһ֮꣬ǰûһ𣬶Աߺſ֡
ʲôˣŷʵ
ңС
ԭֻǸСС
ôѵҲǸûʸ˵𣿡
ӷ粻һЦŷǴˣղ˵ûʸºջ˵Ļڣһ˵˵ͬĻˡ
̨ĸ質ʦǳ࣬Ȼһǡ
ѣͲ鷳̨ЩʦˣͿˡ
㣿
ôûʸ񣿡
ŷȺƣʲôѽôץסԼղŵĻ˵£
Ȼ䵱ϴ󣬾͸һλᡣ
ӷǰԸղǸ˸ʵλС㣬ղųģʲô
˸˵Լĸ裬С
ʵĲǸҲ˭ʣղųʲô
ҳǣǡǸѽ
ϻ˵֪㳪Ǹ裬ѵʫѽ
˵ɣղųʱ뵽ģǲֻиʸɣ
Ȼ
׸裬Ϊ˱Щʲô
ʲôǳ裬Ҫʲô𣿡
Ȧ˵ÿһ׸裬ڵ壬Щǳ飬ЩǳЩǳÿһ׸ĸʣڣȻղųĸԼģĸдʲô㳪ʱһôڳģ
ңҡ
кܶ˵ÿһ׸裬ڣͬ˳вͬĸовͬ壬ҲҸղʵģڳʲô
˸ֽӲһ仰ŷȵɫҲǱļΪѿ
Լڳʲô֪Ҳ˵裬곪裬һ궼ûеĸ֣ʣܷչһôĳ̶ȣʣʲôطǰҲһЩ̨ĸ質Щߴ˵Ҹղ˵ĻһֲԼȥ裬ĸ;Բиоһûоĸ裬ôȥ򶯹ڵģôùڳСҪղĸĻҸĸ֪֡ν
һ£ӷЦȻֻǸѣȦ֪ҲࡣҸղ˵дĻǾ̨Щ質ʦվ˵ɡҪЩվʦ˵Сһ㣬Ϊ˵ģڸ質˵ģǷ˵ĻҲ͵ʯͷԼĽš
ڳЩνǣһƨŲӷ̾˿˵ӣСûҪΪˣҲδĶ
ѿľѾӷˣ˵λʵڱǸ˴ҵˣǾһˡڳ˭пյĻǳӭμС̨С޵͵ݳᡣ
ǻǰ˵飬ͺСǻؾƵꡣڽᣬĿԼˣȻȥϢɣ׼òμӺĽӽᡣ


669 Ů
ŷȴһŷŭĻصסıһģ̨ļŮǡ
Ƚ㣬ǸҲ̫ǸˣȻҸԡҪҪ취ú
һŮ˵
ŷһƣ˵̨廹ڵأûκһ˸ΪеġҲ̫Ϊˣ浱žֽȫҵɡҪýӽҪݳᣬҿݳôӽôá
Ƚ㣬ϰվںǱߵģӲΪѺŵĻǲ̫ϰˣ
ǻֻźңһҵĻͲԶˡ
Ƚ㣬ǸôֻҪ˵һ仰ˡ
ŷһŴ֮Ѿ뷨˵ǰ첻ǣţ̨ȥҪ׷ɱ
ŮǶЦΪ֪ŷǲ˵ɱֻģһ˵ˣǱɱĶһͶ·¹ģҲѾͷһطˡ
ţܿĳݳĻŷȴӴ˳С
ǻԸѻڱû뿪ǻǼҲ֪ŷһôˣ죬ŷǰŷǲװݵġ
·飬Ҫ鷳ѽ
İɣһ˹ȥõģСݳһ⡣
⣬ŷȶģʲô鶼ĳݳĽӽ֮⣬ںС̨ʱҲҪ뾡һа취סİȫ
Աߵ˵˵ǸŷȸĹϵǵŷȻᶯúڵȥ˺С㣿
ŷȸʲôϵҲ˵ôԣǣŷȵĴ˭ﶼ̨֪һУŷȵĴ磬ǶˣҲ̨ҵе䣬Ǹˣǵﲻ𣬵ֲܿŷԲһ棬ҪãŷҵΪǵĽڡ
˵ʵӦòĵģӦݳᡣŷȵ˵캮Сڳһ뾡һа취ƻݳġЩȫͽŷȣȰͽϰ廹Ҫڿ죬ŷ췢ȥݳֳҵĻ룬Сݳǿˣ
Ͽ˵ûҿҪǰ׼Уݳᣬһܳ⣬ΪǹϵӽС᲻ϯĹؼ
ǻԿһЦ˵˵ʵ쿴ŷǱ飬ﻹʹ졣ɻ˵С֪û⣿
˵ȻˣʵﶼǺСǸվΧĻģɾǺСˡ
Ź˲żüѽһȻҲ˵ͣҸˣ
صƵĺһ֪ᷢ飬ͲӦȥμⳡᣬʲôѽһ
ģ˵Сţŷ̨ͬСɣ̨ȦĵλСӣĳЩ˵Ѿǻ֮ˡǰˣǲŹģҵģݳᣬһ뾡һа취ҡ
ʵǸŷȵôС𣿡
ֹСǵ͵ĶֻҪǵˣûһк³ġһ˵ŷȸ̨ĺڰϵУ̨ҵ磬û˵
ǲףǸŷȵʲôΪʲôô
ûʲôδǰֻǸһеĲݸˡ˭һбµĴأ
磿ʲôˣ
˵ŷȵĴ磬ž㣬ҲӦŵġ
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ŷɫʱ䣬ʵ㣬˵ģòǲϼŵǸŷɣ
ûǸΪݸĽ֮һŷͱ̼ҵļУβϼŵܲһְ
ſŷҹһеĽܳû뵽ŷȵĴ磬ȻŷѹǻԶŷû취ˣ
ҲŻᵣĵġ
㣬ǻྩȥɣŷΪǿɶ
һ£źòײߵ죬ڻȥĻǾζ˽ӽǶںδķչĲ
СţʵҲҪ̫ࡣŷΪ㱳󣬲Ҳһ𣬶˿Ǳŷǿġ
תͷһԱһֱû˵־ĳӷ磬ЦӣղŶæȻСſ޷̨ˡ
ӷ罫е־£˵С㣬ҪǺŵľˣڹϵ⣬ӦȥֻǸıڰˣʲô¶ָҰæҿɲ뱻˶̨ܵˡ
ӣҪֻ̫࣬ҪСŴǸŷȾˡ
ôɱղҲ˵ˣ˼ҵĴĽ֮һŷ̨ڰһСôѽ
ӣ㲻ѽղſŷȵģ㲻ܰߵȼ˾ֲܰɣҲ̫ˡ
˵ͺˣԼ̫ˣô˵ĻأҲڸ˭˵
ӣԲһʱ˵ˣ
ӷ̾˿˵֪ǻô鷳ҾͲˣԼԼ鷳׼ݳȥɣ鲻ùˡ
Ҿ֪Ǵˣһ᲻ġ飬鷳ˡ


670 ʱͶʷ
ڶһ纮žˣҲ˵ϣŶڴϷȥΪݳᣬŵʧˡ
̨ݳ飬٣ѧʱھѾμӹС͵̨磬ЩϷ棬̨裬Ǵ͵֣ŻûɹĵһΣš
Ϊݳܳɹįвκ⣬ĹԱҲûʱѾһæµˡͬʱǻǱҲϣȡŵһεݳȡĳɹ
ӷ磬ҿ·ô
ѾСʱˣױϺ󣬺ž·ÿһ·Լ̫⡣
Ļһ˵ԽԽáݳᣬ֮ľۻᣬÿһٶÿһ飬ӡЩ˿ĿУԣ㻹ǽ԰ɡ
ӷڼĿɣʲô¶үƵģԱ߿ȡ
λǻ·ȻԡﻻģҲеһˣ
أ
Ŵԡ߳·ʹĸպһڿȣδʵĳӷû
ݰѩ𣿴ôͨȹʲôٻ
һΣΣѾʮ·ˣ󣬺Ŵһţп㣬Ϊһɫ˳
Ȼûرõģҿͦ䲻˵ʵͣȴɣ˿˷ǳ˳ۣ
ɫģ˵Ҹûòãƽﴩ·
ӷÿһ˵۲ͬӷֻۣǼ򵥣򵥣ټ򵥰ˣ
ˣɣҲûǰһҲ˵
䣬óֻͨĵ绰ǱߵôˣԼʲôʱš
ʲô˵ʲô
Ÿĵ绰һͨⶼûݳֳǱߵһ䡰ʲô˵ʲôʹԱߵĳӷһЦ治ϣˣ
Ž绰Ҷϣڷڲͣţﻹͣ˵ô죬ڸô죡
ӷ緭Ž̨һ־ʵʲôôꡣһεݳᣬֺ̬õ㣬̫ˣ
ݳأڿĳɶǸ⣡
ʲô£
ղң˵ݳֳǱ߳ˡ̨С޵ʲôģԤȶõĳأҪǱߵĻֵá
ӷ㻹ǽʰö׼ྩȥɣ̨ĻҪ㵽ӽ֮󡣡
һŷȸĹΪƻҵݳᣬȻ̨˰ʵ̫ˡ
ǮȥɡŷˣҲӦǻǮģ̨ݳᣬֻ̨ľą̃Ǳ߲ʱ
εݳԤģⲢҵʵݳᣬҪƱģҪӴԤĻǱ߿ܲͬ⣡
ʵż뺮ʱ̳ϾĿǰźüӰڵſģӰŮǺţΪ̨巽Ѹ˺һŮΧĻżҲͬų́һݳġ
Ҫ˵һɣһӵġ
ӷʹҡҡͷ˵ҿɲܣԼ
ɵɣŸԼģ̨߼עĻǿ⣬ӷɲ
ô죡̨ܰǱ߰ãҵⳡݳ濪ˡ
뿪ⳡݳ᣿
ȻˣҲҵİ
ǲɣǹ˾ûԤ㣬ԼǮˡ
˵ЦˣȻ׬˵Ǯɻû׬Լݳĵزòã
Ǿ̨Ͷѽ
ſųӷ磬켱ˣӷ翪Ц
ι˵ҵģѵɣ
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ңȥҸͶң˶֪ŵˣͶҵϾ͵ڰ׬Ǯ͸ţ˭ɵ¡
ɲһ̨ߵɵӶ࣬첻𣡡
˵ǻԵѣ
ǸʲôҪȥͶ㣬ҸЭ飬ⳡݳ͵Ĺ˾棬̨ϵʱ㻹׿ڰ棬ͶϵǮò룬֮ĺôܹġ
ⷽ棬ŸͲӷôһ˵ҲϾԼڵ۲ͬĹ˾Լ涼벻ԼȴȥӦûͶԼġ
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ŷϵļԱݳĳظռΪص㡣ںСݳҪڵӺҹΪϵʱŷѾչ˱ж
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ǻԸմ·Ҫţȴˡ
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ǻ˵ǸŮ֮⣬˭ôġ
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Ŷ
ղźСҹңͶʺСⳡݳᡣȻͶʵǮǻݳϣȥͨǱߵĹԱ
ǻԲСΪʲôҪ֪ûôģ
ǣС˵ҵͶ޷ݳ׬ǮȴѰҵĹ˾档ҲԺСڵ˵ܶ๫˾Ǯ벻棬ҪԭǱ߲ͬ⡣ڣСңһûҵͬĹ棬ǺС˽⣬ǱҲ治ˣĺ£ʵڲ֪ôȥܾ
ѾҪͶˣ֪һȥһȥ
ûô˵ҲǸȦӵˣӲ֪ŷҵʲôˣ룬ǮҲеط͡
ѽǱδϡʲôʱɲˣݳῪʱһС޷¶棬Ҳ򲻳ɣ
Ƚ㣬ˣǱѾӦøſݳˣ
ʲôôˣ뾡һа취С޵ռúſݳᣬôһӱˣ
ŷȴ˸˵˵ϰϰȥˣϰ廹˱ʮĹԱǮˣ
Ļ쵰ЩٵûһöҲҸԣѵĹ˾뿪˲ɣ
Ƚ㣬ںŵݳᶼҪʼˣȥˣ˹ҲҪܶǮǸô
ΪǮͿ˳ⳡݳᣬ̨׵ͬڵɻûͬ⡣ϸϵᣬȻô뿪ݳᣬҾⳡݳޱȵľʡ


671 ݳ1
ʮ㣬ݳѾʽʼˣ
ΪⳡݳᲢҵʵģϺҲǵһοݳᣬʱϲҲСʱѣʮ׼ʱ
̨С޵ѾΧȺȥʮ⻹кܶຮŵķ˿ǴȫأҸϹֺ֧ŵġ
ҵڵȴźų֣λǣݳῪʼѾʮˣδ¶档
СţȻ鶼Ѿˣͱֺ̬߳ȥõЦз˿Ҫסһ㣬һݳ˵ΣΪҪģԸֲͬķӸʹеķ˿еĹڶΪ֮ڡ
Ϊ˵ǸֻԱЩ£ҪȻڵˣֻᳪ裬ϷֻֻϷᳪĻķչͻơϷ費ּܷңҲǺΪʲôӲҪⳡݳҪԭԼĿǰĸ質ң룬Լվ
㣬һе㵣ġ˵ǸŷȻ᲻ֳܵ鷳
ѾˣôЩ˿ڳй֪㺮ŲϷͬʱҲķǳá
˵꣬˿Χʵأ
ʱʳӷ磬ɼģͲҪȥܳӷ磬ֻҪܺԼĹͿˡ
ʱڿǺְҵµģδ뿪̨֮ǰǲᶪǲܵġ
ӣĺðɣݳ֮ٱûҵ໹ܸһ¡
ǲЩŮˣΪʲôϲķء
ҲȥѽǸŷ̨̫ӴˣǻԶҪӣҡ
⣬֪ĻӦ˵ҲԼ˵ˣΪúŲκε˼תЦСţûµģͷĳɣܷʲô£ǻҪӰ㶥𣡡
ſЦһ£˵ӷ磬˰ﵽŶҿŵ㣬ŷҵĻ
Ů˾Ƿ˵Ҷ䶼ˡȥɣʮڵˣ£ͲùˣҲһܻͷݴ㡣
˳ӷ仰ҲͲˡƽƽģֱӴӺ̨˳ȥ
С޵ʱ⺮Ÿһʲôûʲôû˵ȫеķ˿еĹڣѾ˼ȷΧкܶྯԱĻǾҪ̨ȥŸ˺ˣ
վ̨ϵĺűֵķǳȻ̨ϵʵеҪѷɫ˺ܶ࣬ܣνְҵɣվ̨ϵûУǲܱŶӴҲһİ
ȸз˿йãȻΪ˶˵Ҳ˵һηϻʲôҺǣûУ
źѾõһչ˳Ҳͳ׷£ĳ裬˵ʵûרҵѵĸǲģܶϸҪϺܶ࣬ټڵܶ˶ģԼżġ
һں̨źţųʲôĻҲҪһʱͬ־ûע⣬ӷѾں̨ˡ
С޵˵ɽ˺˼˵ĳ棬ҪǰȥͲ̫ܡ
ŷȴż̨ŮǣֳΪڳĹڶڿţûȥעЩ۵Сǡ
û뵽ųĻ治
һŮǵĿ佱ʹŷȵһۣŮϲ˵ˡ
ٺҲûą́壬ң͵ڵϵۡ
ŷóֻһ绰Сʱ֮󣬾ͼˣŷߣΧȺҲЩ˸ˣ
ЩһۿȥɷļһɶʲôöǸʲôģֻҪϴ·֪ˣȫ¶Ǻɫ
ŷС㣬Ҫ˶Ѿλˣô˵һ仰
ŷ˵̨ǸŮ˿˰ɣ
ǰɣǸڵصСǡ
ǵġҲʲôҪⳡݳᣬڰСʱ֮ڽ
ŷСġϴѾˣŷСҪʲôǶõġ
⣬Ҳ鷳Ӧ֪ôɣ
ģϴ׼ˣ۵ŷСϵġ
Ǿͱţ°ɡ
˸תҪǰȥǵҲѾΧˣֻҪһ绰ݳֳԻһƲ˵ĺ䶯¼
ɲ⼸ӣͻȻΧǼ˳֣̼䣬ͽŷȽļ˸סˡ
Сӣҹ򡭡
˻˵һ룬̱죬ͷԼĶһһǹָĶӡ
㣬ϵģҿɾǣǿˣ
֪ģҲ֪Ҫʲôǽʲôˡ
һŷߣ˵ŷС㣬㣬һ˰ɡ
ǺôĵӣȻ֪˭Ҹ˵
ŷС㣬ŷҪ㡣
ʲôҴ硣
벻ҪǸǹȥһ°ɡ
ŷʵ벻ԼҪźÿʱԼĴȻԼһַʽԼ⵽ôһ£
ԣŷ֪Ǽʱ֣ǹˣɼֹԼƻⳡݳģԼĴˣѵԼĴ磬ʶŲɣ
ŷţǾԲܣžٺ죬ҲֻǸϷӣԼĴǲϼŵܲãǲ̼֮õˣȫйһеĽܳôܻʶҲûʸʶԼĴѽ
ɲô˵ӿԲǻҲԼӣһҪΪԼ֮н죬ȫԼĴڱԼģ


672 ݳ2
ݳ˳ţŷȴż̨ŮǣС޵Աߵһҿ
ŷС㣬ŷڰڣһ˽ȥ
ŷȹ˿˼ŮһۣǷϡҿĴҲһ˶ûУǱ˸
ŷ˵ҡ
ǣȽ㡣
űһƿŷҲûһĹ˼ֱӾ˽ȥ
ڣ̨ϼŵܲŷȿȣŷȸһʵ磬ڻ
ŷȻʳڣȴ֣ڰڳԼĴ֮⣬һˣң˻Լģ
ô㣡
ŷ벻ǻԼԼСӣȻҲԼĴһһſȡ
һĻŷû뵽ģ⵽ô£ԼĴǲϼŵܲãôܻʶһСС
Сȣȹ
ŷûνƣݸҲЩƣ
Աɳϣӷһڿȣνʸ𣿡
ӷһ˵ŷȵɫʱɫ˵ѵӷ٣ŷֹס˵Сȡ
Сʧȥ˸ĸ֮Ϊô꣬ܶʱֻҪһһ֪Է˵ʲôʲô
ŷǲԼĴôˣΪʲôƾǰСӵһ仰ͶԼʹһҪɫ
Ӽ̨壬ôҲǰ˵һҺȥѽ
ӷһЦ˵ҾͲˣΪ͵ɹġ
ŷһ͵ɣЦİɣŷҲ϶˵ʲô
ӷյ̨壬һϵԼȴԼ̸ģҪԼԼýйԼøһӷҲ񲻶Ծ
̳ϻô꣬Թɫŷʮֵǿ룬òôðѳӷ˰ɣĻɾ鷳ˣԼڿɻҪųӷȥչԼδһֱ̼ǣűߡϴȥྩò״˳ӷߣ˵ĻҲ˵Լļƻӷ̨壬ҲһԸ̼ҸģǸʱԼǳӷˣͬܵǣģ
ӣλãһµСѾͷ
£ڵˣ̨ˣϲ˵仰𣡡
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ʶ˵ʶһССʸʶǫ̈̄һȦѽһ±˿أ
ŷʵ磬⵽ô£ôʶСӡ
СȣλǾĳӡ
ǣӣ
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磬ǲǸˣǻԼҲżСӣȷǺСǵ
ŷʼͿˣʵӣ⵽ô£ãǲʲô᣿
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ŷѽӷ˵ģòİɡҲ˵ȥѽʲôʱ򵹱Խʲôʱ̨𣿳ҸԼңʲôʱ군
ԣŷĲ²⣬ҲµģҲǲܵ飬ǿǳҸԼңһɵйһȨڣô군Ҳû군ѽ
ŷǸˣѾȫ˳ӷ˼ЦԭӸѣ
㻹ͦģѹֲ̼ϼһô㡣أλãҵѲŷΪģôɣ
ŷ˵ȻᣬǻӲҪϡСȣǸ
磬ô
ӷӻǸŷǲǰҳӷ統Сˣҵˣ񣬵ǸһҪȥ𣡡
ŷʼӷһôˣ᲻֪һӷ綼Щʲô£ô᲻֪޼ǵǳϽǷ粨䶼˫Ϣŷͨܶ෽Щ
λӣĿǰȫΪĹӸ磬Ǿ̫ӵĿףһ仰˿ɶˣԼֻһеССµŮ˰ˣֵܵסӷЩһһֶΣ
¡
ŷŷһ
磬˵ʲô
ҽ£û𣡡
ҸС¹ⲻܣҡ
Ҿʹ㣬ܱڱǿ
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Ӵд֪㲻ѾͷһʶġҲҪӣ򣬾ӲƽϣģҲĲ
ӷվ˵ղźŵľ˺˵ǱһġɣĺãȥﺮŰһ裬Ҿ͵ʲôû
˵꣬ӷֱ߳˰ᣬҲŷô᲻ᰴԼĻȥ
ӷ뿪ˣŷ˿˵Сȣ֪֪ղûˣ
磬㲻һСѣѣҲӦá
С˵Сããҵʲô֪ƽôࡣϰ˵ģȥǸŰ裡
Բܡҿŷȣ̨塭
Ͳŷ˵Ļᣬŷ˵̨֪Ȧڵĵһˡ֪֪˸ղλһ仰˵һ˵ɣõСסοңҪܴӲ̼ҵаѳ
ŷȴ˿̳״סˣ˺óһʱʵ磬ʲôˣ
ʲô㲻Ҫֻ֪̫Ҫ֪һ仰֮ء
ڵΣǲʶҶ𣡡
Ҷǰƨ㣡
ŷŴͣҶٿ̨ڵһˣԼĴ˵ڳӷǰҶƨ㣬ǳӷǺεȵǿѽ
⣬ٸһ¡Ȼ̨壬Ҳ˵̼Ҹᣬܿ죬Ҫʧˡ̨壬츲أ֣¹滮滮ߣеǸС
ŷȲҪʲôŷ˵׵Ļɵˡ
ںӱߣܲʪšŷγʪˣԼ棬ȥȡԼõĽ


673 ݳ3
ƽʱĹѹѧϰѹԲŻڹѧϰ֮⣬ѰһĶ׷ǣҲһּѹķʽɡ
ŵⳡݳȻֻнСʱеĹ˵Ѿ㹻ˣΪǺŵһڹڳϳ˳ʱ䣬ʱҲͻ֧ķ˿ڲ˿ʧ
Ѿβһ̣ŶܷΪĲԼ֧Լˣ
̨ǵļǿʯͷѾ
˿ڵʱ䣬ѾʮһˣⳡݳаСʱСʱڣӦòʲô˰ɡ
תߵһǰһƿ裬պһڣͼӷ˽
˿ˣͽˣ
ʵӣʲôʱȥģ
ȥһСʱˣջ
ǰɡǴӦ
ҴӦȻ쵽ͷİɣݳᶼˣҵġңҲ˵ݳϣͺһݴġ
ӣʵСŵѾˣҲʲôⳡݳỹû֮ǰǻҪСһ㡣ŷǸŮ˿ɲװݵġ
˵ǸŮˣ
ѽ
ŶǸˣˡ
ʲô
ǰʵˣʲôط
ӷָָԼ˵档
Ķʱһи飬ٽ
ͬʱ̨Ŵ򿪣ŷȣ˽ңŷϻһɫ
ŷȵĵǰʵŷȣôҿɸ㣬ǧҪƻ˵ݳᣬһǳȱµ顣
ŷȵɫΪѿһ۳ӷ磬ƿڴֲ
ӷ˵³ŷСǺšҸղŸ˵һģһͷǳȤԸΪŵһ׸衣
һʵӣ˵ʲô
ûǻŷСԼ˵ɡ
ɵɵĿŷȣŷҲòͷԼԼδɶڳӷӷ粻ԼĴѵ̼ҵĿƵĻԼĴ罫ԶûԼδˡ˵ˣŷҲѾ˵ӷһεĵҲζŲ̼Ҹ군Ժ̨壬ڳӷģӷΪУǸûʲô
ŷȲΪԼĴŷڸԼЦСԼĴҲûԼЦ
ûģҵģСɷġ
ΪԼĶ⣬ˣŷȦǳŰ裬ɽ죬ڣȻ˵ģѽŷݸ𣬲ܣԲܣ
ߵӷߣʵӣ⵽ôһѽ
ң˭ȥҲʲô¡ŷ̨Ȧĵλ˵ΪŰĻţˣҲԺˡ
ǰ̨Ĺ֮УǻԸļҲڲ֮ǰϵǲݳģֻǲⳡݳʲô⣬ԱҪǰ׼
Ǳ߿Ǯƽŷȴܡ
Ǯûа׻ΪյʱѾĹ˾˹棬ȻǼ仰ȴѾ㹻ˡ
ǻ˵һǿһȽϺáݳᶼҪˣŷȵԸ˵ǲֵģһͷ֡
ŷȵһ߲˵εľ治ѽúΧӽϷҲôãٹãͿԷרˡЦ
ѾǸˣ㺮ŷרҲŵ¡ֻҪΰĺãܸŴߣǶңǶǣдĺô
ţ뻹ǵȽӽ֮˵ɡżɲ£ͻǺġ
ǻţⳡݳᣬҲѾβһ׸裬Ҫˡ
Խ󣬺ƽľԽĽ
ʮķ˿ڣһ׸裬ҲԼڸ̳ϵķչ߳һϣ˳ɡ
Ƚ㵽ʲôطȥˣӿͲӰˡ
̨ŮǵŷȣȴҲ֮£ֻڹ֮еȵ绰ˡ
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ϴЦݣԿʼ趯ǵˣһߣȴú´󾪡
㡭
żŷȣǸӦƻԼݳŷȣڣȻԼİ
תͷ˺̨ĳڣֻǱ߶ԼƣӷҲһЦվߡ
Ŷе㲻֪룬һʱ䲻֪ǺãӲ֪ŷڸʲô
ڼ˳ӷǻЦݺ󣬺ˣԭӷ֮ǰ˵Լڣ͵ĲʲôһˣһҪƻԼݳᣬȱΪԼһԱŷȣ
Ųȥӷô쵽ģ֪ӷıӰҲҪʣⳡݳᣬǲᷢκˡ
ŵĸ̨ϣȥΪŷȣֻҪŷȲԼ鷳Ҳôģ
ǲۻˣǿǲȽ㣿
̨ŮǴ󾪣ǾȻںŵİŷȣ
⵽ô£ŷôȥŰˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ǻҲɵۣѾ̨ϵĺˣǰŷȡ
˭ܸң⵽ôһ£
ѽôŷ𣡡
̨ϣŷʹ裬ȴ޷ȥڸסԼӣⳡݳᣬúڸ̳˵һͬʱŷҲһѽͷŽ˵̨ȦһˣȻںŵĵһݳϣΪŵİߣŷȦеĵλһǧɣǺȦеĵλһǧ


674 ̴
ݳĻڵһοݳĺ˵˵ĳɼЧȷϡ
ŷݳˣɲﶪۣ飬Ҳ̵ʱڣȦڣŷ治֪ԼԺô죬ʲôȥˣ
緹ǻͣ뺮ŵ̨ߵεľƵԷͬеģȻ񣬾Ǹ·ֳҲ;˹
ϣǻȾ˾Ʊվ˵ⱭΪСݳĳɹˡ
һȫվΨһһŵǳӷ硣
˫۾ڵϺȲĳӷ磬ԼЩϰ壬ǣ˶վˣһССȻţǺȲ裬Ҳ̫ˣûһ֮ˣ
λǺСĴӣѵ㲻Ӧһ𣿡
ǻЦݣܲһСе㱾£˵ŷƨŲһϾǸ˴򹤵ġ˵һУʲôѽ
ӷ˵С̨ĿĿɲΪⳡݳᡣȻҪ鶼ûɣⱭǲǺȵ̫һ㡣
ݳĽӽ֪ҪҪٱңǻҲûԣŮںŵģΧʲô
ſЦһ£˵ϰ壬ǲҪ⡣ƢǺȰɡ
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˵ϰ壬벻Ҫᡣûб˼ֻΪĽӽİˡ
˵ĽӽǼٰģ˭ýҲʲôͶƱģǱӦú
ÿÿҵУһǱ޷ȥӦǱĻǾ˵Զ޷Ȧȥ
̨Ľӽڵصİٻֻ۵Ľ񽱣Щѵ˭б˭
Ȼ˵ʵҪеģ͵òڵϿɡɲǹڸ˿ģ˭͸˭ġ
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ӷҲתĨǣЩ£ǰ֪ȽϺãɲҪʱʲô⣬ǶģɾǺˡ
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ŸŮˣֲֶŮˣܶ飬ֻܿ棬ʵ棬ǿҲΪɱˣ󲻵
ȷκһ˵ӷ˵ϰ壬û´ĻúСΧ̨ĽӽᣬŰɣǣӽϾ̨ģУеӰͬʱеӾսĿÿһרѡ󽱵ɲôЩ̨ȦģӽҲ̨ġ˵󣬱һڵصõĴ󽱣һڵصĵӰõĴ󽱣ǿɾζ̨Ȧ档˵ЩӦûɣ
ą̊́ȦڵĴϰ壬ôȥͽţҲԼѽûôɵ
ӷһƣǻԵɫļΪѿͲ˵ӷ˵ϰ壬ܴҲѾץסһ˵ģַ֪ȥͽţżʱеģҲֶΣΪúΧӽ࿴ģΪżҲǸˣΪһˣ棬ȹϵǿˡ
˿̣˵ϰ壬Ļˣˣ
ǻԺǺνûϵˣΧѾܲˡߣϰܸǹ˾ǹ˾׬ǮĻҲЩġ
㲻⣬ҽ⡣
ӷ˵⣬ֶιȻҪϰ壬ҿĸ㣬ε̣ˡ
ǻ˵Сӣ⻰ʲô˼
ҵ˼ż˼ҲȷĸǼĽӽС㣬õŮǵͷΣź֮⣬εֶΣŶܲ⣬Ҳ˵СòŮǵĽĻǵŽ̨ʱҹ˾ŵĵһĿꡣ


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˶٣ӷ˵ų̂ĽӽȷλΪף˭ýҲλġǣǿԾ̨Щǣȴ޷ȥڵκһǣرµǩԼǡ
Ҫһǳף䣬ͷ­͵ҪúõҲǳףֻҪһвһֶΣ˵ǻǼ̨Ȧû˸ԵġǣӷȴмҲһ嶼ûС
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һ¹ȥˣ飬ŷͲ̫ˡ
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ϣţϰۣӷСڣӷ̨壬͸ӷԨԴĵ죬ôӵ˳ӷա
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ʹ˵ܲãҪĻɾһ·ѽ̼һôĴڣ֪ϲǲϼŵϰ壬ɰУ֧ˣͳЩԱҪɫͳĽ飬Ҳһ㡣ǳϼţصĻһʧˣǵ³ܲҵģ
ǴɷģȻҾˣȻѾΪǴҺ˳·ƾԼҪ̼ҵĻǸûʲô֮ô󵨣ΪѾҵһȲ̼ӴĴ󴬣ֻҪڣǾͲʧܡ
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ȻŷȻаǸԼһɣһ´˲ضУԼҲͲûȥˣ
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677 Ѫ
ӽڵˣ̨ȦһΪεӣΪϣܶǶõһŬĳɹ
ڽӽʼ֮ǰһ˵һңһٰǰ佱ϣһͬĹǱߺ̺Ҳڰ佱¶һ棬еĹڡߴк
ӽֳ֮⣬ѾۼĹڸߣеĹǱſԼϲģеļ߾ӽδ֮ǰֳǵ״̬
̺ϣǻŮǣ˵ǰޣʵ˵ˣһ֮ǰ㣬ŪһЩǵ˸һ嶼ûУȴòչΪ֮
ӷţĳѾŶ˺̺𲽴ǰ滹кüҪȳϵ³֮һһǰ
ߺ̺ûνȺ֣֮˻ǴֻҪȵߺ̺
ӷڳʵǴסӲһȥ̺ôȻΪҪԭǣһӷһ̺ھүą֪̊́彫ԼץȥҪ֪ձ󣬳ӷɻûؾǣүǱҲһкܶҪӷ磬Ҳ˵ӷҪһ˵ġ
˵ϽǷ粨֮үǲóӷھǾ鶼ѾôˣҲѾȫˣǱҲġ
Լȥ̺ɣҾͲˡ
ӷ磬㲻˵Ҫȥôڸıעˣ
עûиı䣬һԼֳģ̺ʺߣԭӦú
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˿̣ŮѾߵ˵ǰЦ˸һղȣȴֱ˰ӣϣ㲻Ҫôûãó˵۷
һ˶ħʣЩͨˣĻʲô۷磬Ůˣ˵ģӦ˵ѪģѪǽʬ
Ůһһ˴ӵϸȻס˵ĲӣԼǰһżѾ˵Ĳȥ
֪ļһɫˣŮˣ̸ܲҹ

һڴŮ˴ֱȥҲѾſˡ
˵󣬳һ꣬һѽ¥ȥ˵죬͵˳جΣ֮ǧҪκ£ܾһΣɾȲڶΡ
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ӷΣ˿˵ûѪѾǰ˰ˣ޾ĺڰУѪΪõǿӹˣҲǺܵġ
Ҹһλᣬڿʼñ仯ΣߡˣȥҽԺ͵ڵѪɱһйˣҾͽԶȲһѪҲˣʹ࣬Ӧ֪һôĸоɣ
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678 ϰΪ
ӷڽӽῪĻ볡˿˵ʱ䣬Ⲣûʧȥʲô
ᣬӷֻ뿴ýڱ飬ӷһȤûС
ֻӷ볡֮˵绰ӷ絽̨ȥһˣкҪҪӷ˵
ӣ鷳ˣ
ӷ̨ʱһڣڳӷһŮˣһǳرŮˡ
ʵڳӷǰ̨̨·ϣڳܶ๤ԱҲ˰˿ӵһͷӢʽŮˣ᲻νӽرαò˵ЩʾǵųȴûӰмԿ϶Ů˲ǣôֻ᲻ʲôҵĹԱأ㣬Щ˿˳˺ܶ뷨Ȧеÿһ佱˵˻֣һޣĻᣬһЩƬ˾߾ù˾УǱڹڵķչȻҪõĶࡣ
ȦĴ󾭼ù˾Ĵ󾭼ù˾µǩԼˣȫǹʾǣֻҪܽļҹʾù˾еһңǾǰ;ˣҲδĹʾǣ
˿Ůڽӽϳ֣Ѿкܶ๤Աǵϰ㱨ˣЩȦڵĴСϰ壬ǵľˣǩԼ˾֮ģڴһŮˣ᲻ǹЩù˾ģĿľⳡӽѡǱˣǩΪʾǡ
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ӷ硰ιһ˵С㣬ʲôҪ£ûµĻҿˡ
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˵ӣҾǵԲġϴε飬̼ҸѾӣ̨̼ĵһ壬͸˵ˡǸ˪һ֪СΧ飬СµǩԼˣǸ˪ֹСýģ
㲻Ҫġ
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ӷ֪˪ĳ֣ɲΪֹýԲ̼ҵݸλ˵Ҳһǹȥ̼ҪԸģֻǳӷˣ
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ӽѾ˰佱һ֣һĽҲѾ䷢ȥЩ˵֮Уڰ˵ļƻ֮С
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С㣬û뵽ᵽǰĺüӽǶ˵ûȤʵǺʧѽ
ǻԣƨĵԽԽˡңҸҸףҪƨĻӦȥҸףҿɻûʸϰҵƨ
С⻰ˡ̨˭֪СѾΪ˲̼Ҹϼŵμ̳ˣЩС˾ɻҪСչѽ
չ˲˵ܰĵģһǻԣˣӦ֪£ûа׳Ե͡ҽӹ˲̼Ҹϼ֮ҪҰǣҲҪ㶫ɣܲ⡣
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˵һڵصԱҲΧ˽ӽһǻΧģ֪ǲģ
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ǻ˶֪ǺãѾӷвһѾ㽫ŮǵĽŵģڣ˪ֲһȽⲻҪԼ˵
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ӷ˲˪Աߵλϣ˵ϰ壬λСѣҲҽһ¡
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ҽܰɡ
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679 㷢
ҽܣҲŷģͬˣԲͬķҽܡ
һˣҽʱ˾֡һڵϵ˵ͻԼɵ֡ӷֽܣͱȽټ
ӷ硣
ɲһʡһУǿһǸУ˺üʡУȫǰλʡУԴ˷ҽܵģȫмǰĿĿԼȴҪʲôϣҲ˵ǰĻڵڽӽĳ˵ԼʲôXXXġ죬ӷȴû˿ıܻ䣬ֱӾͽָ˳
ĶţѾ˲֪˲ˡżֻپǼԼķʽȥԼĻǻһ֪˭ʲôݣʲôġǣӷ֣ǻûԷʱŷŷҲֻǳƺӷΪӣǻҲ֪ǼҵĹӡ
ǻǲ֪飬˲֪պã˪Ǽ֪ӷ֮ˡ
Ȼһ̣ʹȫˣ˲˪кܶڲ˪վʱ֪λ̼ҴСˡ
˪һ˫ŭ۾ųӷ磬ӷͻȻԼǰһԼı飬ò˪ķŭѾ˼㣬뵽Լ׵ܵԼģ뵽ʱԼȥྩʱôģ㣬ǲ˪޷ܵġȻʱŷĻ˪Ҳų̂ˡ
С㣬ǽӽֳڳļߣѵ̨ͷŲɣ
ӷϴЦ⣬վĲ˪˵
˪Ȼǳ̨̼ңϣȻܹߵȵ̵ġ
ֳ֪֪ʧ̬˪ģ޷ƽԼ׵ܵܵļһԼ̼ʧصļһ˪ӷʱһڽӷԵ
ĸӷ磿
й֮ͬͬҲǳ࣬룬ɵһӷ̴Сǰɡ
˪ŭ۾ųӷ磬˵Ȼǳӣӻ治һĴ󣬾Ȼ̨ܵѵͲ𣿡
ӷЦһ˵ҵȻˣûǲġȴرڱҪʱһþȫȥԼ
˪Ͻ˹ӷɱˣΪԼĵܱܵ𡣵Ҳ֪ӷǶͷҲŵĻϰ壬һ̨壬ôܲһˡ
ӷ翴˲˪ʲô˵С㣬ò˹ɱҰɣĻֻ˵Ѿɵ˼㡣
룬Ҳһ̨ܵɡδپǣżֻһ֧ڵصľӣŷɫĲ
̴С㣬ӣǲ̼ңѾҵȫ͸ˡ
˶ĵϸ֪ǲ͵𡣲ӷ磬ҿԸ㣬Ҹ׾һӣȴˣôԺգǲ̼ҶηģǷǮǮǷͱ뻹
ӷ֣˵ǲ̼һֲηǿȨպϲ͡ҼȻѾ̨壬ǾͲô뿪ǲ̼ɱұеʱ䣬Ų̴С㣬ֻ㸸ײҲֳϸɣǲ̼ңûһô
˶٣ӷ˵ȻҲϰǽŵĽˣϾ̨壬̨飬ʱҲܲˡҪǣ̨壬׼ģȻ̨壬Ǿ;Բֶ顣
ŵˣ̨õκζţҲ⡣
˪ǻ˵ϽŮǵѡһˣڣϡ
ǻųӷ˪ĶԻѾˣӷ磿ʲôͷѽ̼ҵĹӣǱģ˲̼ҵĵһ̳ˣȻܻڣҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ϰ壬ǿ԰ղС˼ȥ֮ǰٿ϶һ²СǲҪ
ӷתͷ˪Ҳʱ˷츲صı仯
ɱʱӳӷðʹĲ˪ͷƤʼ飬亹
С㣬ϰǿɻڵһ仰Ůǻ˭ңͿˡ
˵仰ʱӷ΢΢ֱѾŲ˪ˣϣû˵һ֡
˪ųӷ۾ڵĳӷ֮ǰĳӷˣղŵĳӷЦݣκη壬ڵĳӷ磬ͬħ㣬˫񣬶ò˪еľ
˪Լ˵ԼĵܵǱӷ约ģԼ̼һҪŵˣҲ̨õκζţõ
˪ҪǻǻˣƣǽΪ£ֻҪԼ˵һ仰Ǿûֳ߳ˣ
ӷֶΣ˪ôܻ᲻֪һΪ˪᲻֪رŵһսֻҪǾۼŵľ޾ûһģӷɱ飬۾գһ£һɱģԼıٶ࣬Ҳǵסӷġ
ӷҲѾе㲻ͷˣ̨ϵĽҲѾ쵽ŮˣǻȴһҲûж
С㣬ʱɲˣٲ˵ľϰǰĻȥŮǣɾںˣ
˪ڱӷĿ´ˣ˵㺮ˣ£Բᷢڶˡ
䣬˪Ҳȥڳ˵۹⣬ֱ뿪ֳ
ӷ罫ǻɱһգ˵ϰ壬ϰ壬ϰ壬룬Ů˭Ͳ˰ɣ
ǻ͵ĵͷ̼ҴС㶼ҶŸɵˣԼʲôѵӷⲻɣ


680 ϶
õ˽ӽ̨ӽĴԲǺܴҪΪӰڵصİٻ۵Ľ񽱣ȫҪõ޵ĽȫҪõ֣ǲʵӰ
Ȼڶ̶̰ʱһ˵޺ߣǰ޹ˣȫȦڣں͵ˡ˵žȦڵһ漣ҲĿǰ޵ǵĿꡣ
һɹߣҪԼʵ֮⣬ҪȴһˣҲ°빦ˣʲô飬Ŭͻջ
Ƶ귿ڣӽҲ˺ܶ뷨ûţûʶӷ磬Լн𣿴ǾԲᡣ
ʵõ
̾
Ȼ֪ʲôһֱ綼Ժŵı֮⣬һӸ磬ҲΪǸӸĴڣصຮŵġҲ˵ںŵһַǶҪӷ뷨ǣӷȴǰ㣬ԼѣܳΪ˵ģ
СǼ̫㣬ǼͥǱʵԶԶԽҡӷĿУֻѶѣܳԽϵģ
СţЩ㲻Ҫ̫ࡣûСǼŮںܶ෽涼ɫ˵ĸ飬ģ£ݸλȥġ
㣬СѾӷˣǳүӸԼүնģʣôȥѽ
ɲһСţѵûǱߵһЩ𣿡
ʲô
Ǳ߿кܶ˵ʵǸϱ̫⣬ԭĶϱȽϸӣǱߵĺڰйϵԼҹһɫ壬ҲҹδĵһԪףǲܽһйڵŮϱģԣǱߺܶڴԣΪĶһʺϵĶ󡣡
ôû
㵱Ȼ֪ˣ֪µҲ࣬ҲǴһѵĿе֪ġ
˵۹˵Ҳֲҵͷѽ룬ĿУһѡ˰ɣ
Ц˵ʵһ
ǻС㻹С㣿
ǡĽС㡣
Ľ飿
ûϴγӴϽǣΪľĽ飬ҲǴҾһѵĿе֪ġң񻹶Ľǧ˳Ľ˵ҪȥأͬˣһɳǰļţǰظĽ顣վǱߵ˵ĽСֻҪǱ߾μʱ䣬ͿԽԺְˣҲҹСĹ쵼ˣ
ŵԽԽ䣬ѵðһˣԼʵ̫ˣÿһǷǳĳɫ
ӷߵЩŮˣһվ
Сţȣǧ˵ģ˵ͱҪѽ
ʲôãǸơ
ˣõ˽ӽֵø˵飬Ҫˡ֮£Ҫ˳ȻģϾӵǸӹһӣǸĸ׹һӣ
Ÿ׳ӷеǷ顣
Ľô㣬ܻѶô㣬ԽϲˣӷĿеֻһǱɡ
һֱΪɵĻ٣ӷദҲ٣ΪӷģȴģǳӷָΪĶݸλ˭Ҳ޷ȥȡǻѣ޷ȥȡ
һҪǷծӷģǱߵˣκһܵ˺
⣬ӷźסķţȴûţתȥ
Ƿģһỹģ֪һ٣Ϊ飬ֲǷǵǷ顣ŶԲ𣬺ܶ飬ô򵥣ߵŮˣҪôȥԼ㲻У飬ҲУֻɸСѣбԼϣԭң˽һΰɣ
Ŵ򿪣ӷ绹δ룬ڵһԼ
ϻ£
ӷݣڵڵʵ
¡
겻ʣֱӰһ¥
ǴģҽݵǲûҲ˵ӦϣΪʲôҪȰ£
»һݾͬеÿһϾ¡
ӣ㲻ݵģҲסƵꡣĿҲ̨̫ˡ
šҸһڵġ
ѣǵˣ
ȻǰûǺһ˵
Ǿǵˣ
û֣ôˡ
㵽ʲôˣңΪʲô£
ӷ磬ҵļ̳ˣŵĻϰ塣
ӷЦһ˵Щ£Ѿв֪ˡ
ߣһ꣬Ϊȴ޻꾳硣
ӷ绹еԾû뵽һԼߣԼΪ֪
ͬһˣ
ǰɡ
ϵģ
ϣĿǰס
ҡ޼ʲôϵ
ʦܡ
գ
ա
ұˣ
һһ롣
˵һ㣬ﶯֿɲ̫á
̨壬ֻΪ棬̼ҵ飬Ҳκϡ
֮Σһӡ
С֮ĽǾĿ죬ԣǰǲҪΪá
˵Сˣ
˵ˣӦ˵ǸթСˡ
л佱
Ŵ򿪣ӷͬʱߵ˾Ƶſڡ
󡣡ӷ˵
ҡ˵
ڡ
´μ棬ȡͷ⣬ү˵һǷʦծҲʱˡ
ӷЦ˲̫ϲԼȥүүûǮƱĻҽ÷ɸ봫顣
գ
Ŷˣʱ޼һԡ
ʲô
Щˣ
ӷ磬㡭
Ƴ̳ȥֵ̨ҹС
ӷȥվھƵſڣɵЦǸ˼ļһʦѽʦܣףΪʲô֮ˣģܿ죬ʦ־ͻȥģ棬ΪԼɡ


681 ݹϵ
ұɢڸˮˣһ̨֣ǳųӷģѵӷ绹ɵΪ治̨
ղǸһǿ
̨ҹϣ˿ȺΧۣΪ˿˫ɱʹЩڨļһ
ǿģʱ
ĵˣ
˵Ǽһʦɱġ
˵йУһջģǸˣйİɣ
֪Ǹղǻģǻġǻ޼ʦ֣ĿǰΪֹҶ֪޼һΪǳһɢһ˽̨ĽģǸմұͱӵĻΪ˵һʤ
İɣȻҴӦҴ磬ᱣ㣬ǾͲܵ˺ġ
ӷЦ㣿˼ҵжӲס
й˵ôǿҲǳصġ
˵ĻйǰЩļһǳصġȻĳʵĻǻ԰Ӧһ£ʵ嵱УӦһġ
ӷ˵ȻǳֵµͬѪǶ֣ռԱԳӷ֪ռ֮УԶԶԽռԱǲǼʲôֵ飬˳ô꣬Ҫ̫ܣ
ﴵˣѵһҪ˽൱УҴѾǶˣʻǸԱҴ翹ġ
ӷɲ˿ⷽϻóֻͨһ绰˵ʲô
绰ͷһ˵Ǻε
ˣŸӣտӸأ
ҽҸķʲôģȻȥŴ۷̨ĻƱ
̨壿
յ졣
ǲҪԸ̨̼ң
ˣϧû
ҾͲȥˣȥҲûʲôһ̨̼ҸᣬżپǽйȥӦˡ
һ̼ҸᣬҲҪˡ
ѵб顣
ɢǱߣ˸֣Ƕģ޼ʦ֡
绰ͷ¿ЦڻˣҲӦϵаɣ
ȷҵϵУû뵽ǣǾȻ̨ܵҺ¡ԷһС꣬ˣնΣ֪֪
ʵնΣˣɲҪңǶգ

ңҰǼҵ˽ҷɻҹȥ̨塣
绰ѾҶˣӷ綼ûļǸյһôĽɫ¼Ȼ˷ӦɼǸղ򵥣Ҵӣôἱ˵ҹϹ
ٽʱ򣬳ӷ˿һҹе·̯Զӷ˿һģиոյ̨¡
ܹɩӲ˵ʲôɣ
һװֵ̾鷳ٲҲҪϹġ
鷳ܴ󣿡
ǳ󡣡
ʱĻ޼Σ
²ûֱӻشӷ⣬ʵǰʱӦձɣ
ǵģˡ
ľˣ
һ˸
ľΣ޼Σ
ͷӦø࣬ʵȴȻ޼
Ҹ㣬϶գҲһͷԸ࣬ʵȻ޼߳ļһôȥ
ӷ˵йһôˣΪʲôǰδ
̾˿˵ֵܣĵˣʵ̫ˣĿǰ춼ûǱֽ㣬ð˸а㻹ܵձȥľظһնˡһǼôǺѽ
˵ôϻˣڻձɽ飬ﶼи֪ģѡգһôĽɫ
˵ǸգǳңҲеԨԴġ
ǳԨԴʲôԨԴ
ǲӦ˵ģүӸû㣬һ˵ڡ
ҼȻֵܣǾͲˡֱ˵ɣǸոǳңʲôϵ
ճ϶μңһңǵĻƼңΪ̩ɽμүӵʵƼүӲ¡ɾ⼸ķչ˵Ļ϶μҾԶʤھǻƼˣΪǻƼҵһͻѸƴţ̳ˣѻǸŮˣ϶μǱߣȴֱÿһﶼ磬Ȼ˶֮⡣
̫סȻ˵ǸǰΪʲô϶μֻû磿
ΪմСͱμүɽСʮմδ¹ɽǶμҵˣʶҲֻһûڹá
ԭӣǸգҲһѵһţ򣬶μҵļὫɽ֮֡
ûյȷǸţ̩ɽɢµĵһӡ
ɾǳңʲôϵ
ǳйϵĲǶգʦˡ
ӷ˵ѹǼһ˵ʲôүүǷʦծӦүүʶʦɣ
ֹʶô򵥣ձĻʨҪвΪ˾ˡ
ӷ󾪵˵ʲô˾ˣɲҪңǸʲôˣ̵ֵܣ
˵ıΪЦ̵׵ܵܡ
ӷЦ㣬ӷʱѾ֪ˣ˵ʱ˶ΪˣЦ֣ȴԶڳԶɽС
ôΪʲôûүү
ˣɽл˵ЦԭǲɢϵģʮǰģʱͬģĴ㣬Ҳ̣Ϸˣ
ʲô˵̣ģ
˵ϾǴ˵ǲģҪȥүү㸸ǣ


682 
Ǵӷϣû뵽޼յʦȻԼ̵׵ܵܣңԼ̾Ȼģ
ģߣ
ӷһʱ£ΪʲôԼүү״ûԼһȥϺլʱݼԼʱүүҲûһ̵飡
˵ӷ磬ĿǰҪģ̵£ôԸա
յΪӦñҸһ޻ھ硣ΪҸߣ޷η壬ڵذϵĸ֣ͬ֡ɼȻյʦǴģҵģһķǵĹҲ磡
˵û̩ɽ֮λɽ֮ףΪǵķԽǻɽ϶ǰѵһţˣʦǣûʲôմռˣ
ķߺߣһʶһ£ҵľۻʾǰռʲôˡ
ӷ磬ʵһˡ
ʲô£ʰɣ
ķǲҲԴ磿
Ϊʲô룿
Ϊ磬֮Ѿʧˣ̩ɽ棬Ҳʮǰû֮½磬֮˿ɲ٣ҲŻĹǲģ
ӷĬҲ֪һ˵һܣڱĹ˵Ȼ֪·ǾܣѣҲ˵ġ
Ļˡ
ӷЦûʲôġ֮ҵ̶ãԼ֪ǲġ
˵ϴδϽǣɲԯ˷죬ǸʱƾģӦǷɣ
˵ɣҲ뵱ʦҪҩʱǵĶĻǻҲұҾõʱǹֵסԯõĿǰΪѿסġ
ǹ֪Ϊ۷徳磬޷ȫǹѵҲ̶ã
Ҹ׶ʮǰõģҸ׶֪ôȥʹáҸ׽õĶһ£Ǹ˶ʮʱҵʵİڣǸʱڣҸ׾ͽǶ͸ˡû뵽ǣǶȻǿ󣬴󵽿ֻҸײܿƣ
ȻôƣҲͲˡֻʱ̨壬һỵµģ޷нոܻվڲ̼Ǳߡ
ô飬޷ȥ˵뷨ҪŲ̼ҸԵĻǵڶϹ⡣
Ϲ⣿Ǹڵذϵĸ֣
ûϹ֣ǱҲѾȲסˣĵذ֣ʱ֣ںֹ˵̫࣬裬˸ذΧһҵһʱǾͻȺ֮Ǹʱһû뵽ôȥӦ
ʵû棬ȴڸҡֻҪһھ˵ˣһձľأͲҪʱֹձľһ޵˸ΪС
ӷЦĻҾͿֱӽˡͬĻ˻֪˵ңһ˵ӵܣûʸ֣
ºһơƣЦСڹ¶Ժ󣬴С˶ĸԡǺȥСڳһԼҳʲôӣƸƴţܲȥˣңҲܻᱻȵ
ҲһҴСڳҵĻ˵ѾҸһѧС𲽣ܱȰ·ǿɣ
ڵѾǿˣ˶ĵˣܱЦȾƣң絹ˣ
ںܶͬ˼ŲģҲ֪үүҸ׵ƢԣͲְҵģҲҪǰҡ
ˣлǻԺġ̨ûкüƻ
ѾڽˣҲ̫ó档ɣϼŵ壬ȥҲϼŵŷ˵Ҫǲϼźһʴ⡣
ϼŵŷʲô
ҵˣ׼Ӧϣ˲ϼšǱȴ̫ŷҪȥȥԭסأʱŷҵĹϵҲ֪ʱǾл̨̼ңͿԳΪʷˡ


683 ٺ
ϼһҾƵꡣ
죬̼֮أ̼ҸϼŵĺĳԱȫۼҾƵ꣬ҽĸʳ׼һİᣬΪģӴһλĿˡ
޸̰ǰλ֮еԽӴĿˣͷȻС
֣ҪӴĵʲôѽҪ˵ԷڶδҲδ̫˰ɣ
˪ڽӽϼӷ󣬾̽ӷ絽̨˲أҲѾϵ̨Ҷ٣ܳӷĺ̨ж󣬶Ҫӷ̨壬û뿪ΪԼĶӱ
죬رҪҶٵģԸֵʱɾһ㣬κβԼ֤ݣһӵ۷ĵ绰̽ӷټԼ̼ҸϼŵкĳԱҾƵꡣ
˪˵ʱҪòһ㣬ΪԸ۷Ĵͷǹ˾̸һģɲҪԸˡ
۷Ĵͷ
żͷҲѣСһңҲֻҵˣʸԼĸԽӴ
ѵһҵˣ
˪ʵûȲļش𣬰ţͱһԱ˿һԼʮҵˣ߽˰ᡣ
ʵڱǸõˡ
ϴЦݣ߽ᡣ
صһվڳ˼Ȼš
Ӵ̨壬ʵҲĳ˵ѽ
ߵǰָʺá
̼Ǯ޸̰ϵĴ̣Ҫ̼ҵĲԶԶˡ
ǰҲͨ෽ĹϵҪϼźϧǣҸͲм̨̼ҺСҸң̨̼мεĺ
һڶ֮ľ˵һ֮ңӺܶ෽ȥȴ֮𡣸ο̨̼ңɲ޸̰ϵĵڶ
ˣҸͬСͿˡ
ȻˣҾͲˡС֪Ӧǵһ̨ɣ
ѽǰкܶλģΪϵûʱ䡣ѵ̨壬ӦõŰݷãȴҪƵʵǲ˼ѽ
Сǫ̂壬ѾܸˡΪһ¡λСŮ˪
˪ǰںܶƾ־Ͽµķ¼²ۣ޵νҵţԴϼ֮ҵϵǱҲӵ쾡£ʲôҵûʧܹĸγǹϵй֮޲
˪ָʺã˵֮׹ҵüҪҵָСѽ
̴Сˡ̨̼ŮһȻ鴫ѽ
ֽܵСλҲϼŵܲãŷ
һɫװŷʺã·ǳĵ˵ͷ˵ݸΪĽܣŷᣬȴ˿УΪϼܲãǲѽ
һԶأԺҪӶղǡ
˵ˣ̸ɡ
ȫҲֱӿżɽСѽ˵̨壬һʴҵҪ֪ǲϼûǸңϼź
˵˵ﻰ̨壬ΪһģҸͻȻ֪ͨң˵̨彨һȼٴ壬һõطɲҲ֪ǵһ̨壬زģҪһõƤȼٴ壬ǿѵˡ
˼ϼŵԽȼٴ壬иڶ˼
Ҹһֱ˵ʲô⣬׬ǮΣشùϵΪҪġĻңοԺ
ôһ˵Ȼ˻ˡ
ܸϼź⻹̨壬Լ̼׬ǮԲ١
СûϸļƻȼٴĹģִ󣿡
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693 ɱ2
꽯ĻѰ֪Լε鷳ɴˣԼСһס
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һ·ϣ׷ϣ˿ʱʱ仯ΣѾ̨101֮ǰѾ˵סȥ·׷ҲѾϵ߸ˣ˿һ˸ذΧ
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ԽҲԣԼĶ̨壬̨巽Ϳָˣ˽˵һУ͵ץסһսеʤ㣡
ӷ磬һҪСġʮСʱ֮Ҳȫźãʱϵǡ
õġ裬ҾأðǬǼȫлؾȥȻȫϾ̨ߵرʿȽ϶࣬ûԵĻⳡϰǿǺܳԿġ
ӷ룬Լһ̨̫ˣȻûôûãǾͰǬȫˮҲһ½ǣҲүҪģ


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˵սٷһΣһƽӰȷǲСѽЩһֻôйڿ˵йѾǿˣǿκһңðйڲ⣬ڶûдã
λ׳ҾãǼǻȷϢԴǵڶ̨֪巽ôҲֵ̨֪Ļ»̨ĲԽԽ󡣡
Ϊ㶫ĸˣһӵϢͻص˾ǣҲò룬ΪͲ֪صϢ뷽Ǵĵģ˸ĹŪǾ鷳ˣ
׳˵ϢԴҲ˿ĻɣΪϢί³սӣʮСʱ֮ǰ̨崫ģ
սӣ֪սӣרΪӷģȻϢսӴ̨崫ģϳӷ뿪ձ󣬵Ҳ֪٣Ҳ˵Ϣɳӷ紫ġ
ǱˣȻɣӷ磬ǾԵţ
׳Ϣʵǽô
׳̾˿˵ȻϢǽյģε飬ɽ츺ɡϹͷԽԽˣҽ̫ۣԾֻýһˣ
˶֪׳˵Щ⣬岻еԭ򣬸λᣬеȨȫԽ졣
ڳιԱѾȫԼϵˣԽ챾Ǿ˳׳ʱȨԽ죬Ѿζ˵ʲôڳˣﶼǳˣϾûʽιϯһְǸˣҲֻȲ
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Խһ䣬̨ʱһֲ׿ĸоֺѵ̽ԼƵġ
ȫð󺹣鴫ѽ˳ţ޷һ񣬾Լð
ͳ˵εľϰҪ̨ս֮⣬ߴӦʤһԷһҪ󡣡
ǾϰһĲӮˣҪӦΪ˫дӦκ
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ڳһ޴ԽȻʲôȻ뿪мһǹ㡣
ԽİǹٶȿɱȹֿˣʵͲסǹѾָˡ
һΣԽȴûֹڳҲûһֹġ
̨Խ̵ǹŵĲʧ˻꣬ܿͱ㷴Ӧ˹ЦԼŮȫԽֻǸСˣҲֻͳ˼ŭԽûԽǹ»Խݸλ˵ɱңͲ˵𣡡
˵ѽѹ̨ôС
Խ̺зִĽǹ˵ǫ̈̄һϰĻǾԵ̫۸ˡ˵ɣĸ򣿡
˵ྩִƻ̨Ҳֻһ֮ͳλ쵼˵Э̣ྩһ̡
ִЦ棬Ӿͷ㵽ףЩСҲͲøˡ
Խ˵Ȼˣͻȥɣ֮ⳡϰʮСʱʼص㣬̨֮ĺ򡣡
˵ͻȥ㱨⣬λ쵼λ׳һ£ҿƽ̨ɣ
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699 ֻʤ
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缸οǱ˵һι˧ҿɸǣǧҪָӣ˭ҸĻҲӣá
ƴţװһģѵǼˣϧǣû
ţʡʡɣټйӣʲôʱֵСӹ˧ˣҲԼķ㹻ʸ𣿡
ǬǲмҲЦԼյǣͱƴţеԼˣһƴţ֪ӳ⻹ôģ˵ʲô˧
ģӿɾˣս粻ڣȻҸӶŸɵĻҪÿ
˰ɡӷ粻ڣӳҲȣСԱҲðϴˣĴȥ
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д㡣ڻ̸̸սϵɡ⣬ǵûУ
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Ѿྩӣ׼š⣬һн̸ǼȥЭˣԹֵľӦòʲô⡣
׳˵ھϵ⣬Ҳġĵģ̨ǱЩرʿһӢšӷ紫Ϣε¼ӢûϵΪֹǣѾˣȴҪӢŵⳡսӢųʲô£̨ǱߵһᱻŻ˵һжġ
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700 Ӽ
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ԽĿǰװӣ½սӣѾȫ׼ϣָʾ
ڹֵ˵ǰվһ֧ӣ֧ྩزӣľӣѾΪɣǰξϰָص㡣
Žεָ㣬ȫģһоͰķԸɡ
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Ѳؿ̫ˡǵļƻһܰģһ͹滮ˡȥѲظɱô̼ҵĲҲһͶ̨Ҫ̨߽⣬Ǿͱ뽫̨ĸȫɱ⣬Ļ̨ضңĳЩ˻ᣬ˵һжŵģֻ֮ì
ǱҶࡣðɣͰ˵ģȡ
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ûţƽŵÿһ˶ǳ̨巢飬һӧһսġ
ǿɲУû֪սҪоḻϱ쵼սʤİաϰսûʲôֱսɲһһһľҲǴܣûƴţǲκϽһӵġ
㲻õģ⹫˴ţǼǾһаղҪǣֻҪţսнֵܳĻǾļλүӾͲ춢ˡ
˰죬ԭжΡ
˵Ŀ˲̨ʤɻҪأߵûãǱӮˣ̨Ҳ޷
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701 ս
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͵ľսУĲӲС׼Ӳǹʱ͹ȥˣƼһսеʤߡ
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׳Ǳ˵תС꣬пһꡣ
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꣡
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ϵŷʱŷڲϼŶţǱѾǸտˣҲܷɣϾϼŻ̨ҵĮ߲̇Ұ֮󣬲ϼžͲƣǸʱӷٽż˳Ľ̨гҲûٵֵסŵҵ
ǱߣӷҲû棬ϰ¹شһⳡϰУҲ𲻵̫á
ʱһһĹӷվ̨һ֮Ƭָĺ󣬵ȴⳡϰҲ˵ǾսĿʼ
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ûǸйˣͬʱҲǸߡ˶ΪߣǶӦú߶ԣûʲô֣֮ﶼƽȣǵҲԴڹ֣֮ԣս䲻Ӧ÷ȻˣҲȥܡ
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ҪɱңûôװɡǴɷģ䲻һսȴȥǡҿԱ֤֮սδ֮ǰǲǳֵģΣҲ롣
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ৡ
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ſһԡ
յ˱䣬ųӷеħλӿǸ˵ĳĵʱԯ޷ֹϷ죬֪жԼ󲻵ĵƣ
Ժ˵ǻȽǰɡ
շȥӷݺ˵ͷע̩ɽ˵ڵĻҲᵱû


702 սӳ

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ǰûսԽʵԱߵĹ顣
׳ǰߵսÿһСʱؾһεģϴδڶѾСʱˣһϢûС
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ǰָӹ֣ӵ绰
齫ֻݸԽ죬սӦõһʱ䴫ίϯģΪ׳һжԽԽҲʱϱУִίϯҪ顣
Խ졣ǰߵôˣ
׳ǰߣ⡣
ʲô
Խ͵վʹĻˣŸģԽ졣
˵ʲô⣿
׳ҷ״СʱǰзȫɨˣзӰûʹҷңû״£Ҫֹз͵Ϯ
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ǵġܽѾˣҲǵڶڡ
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ڵзδ͵Ϯҷ֮ǰΪǿϳġ֪ΪʲôǴӣݴȴڽзĺʱʧȥ磡
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ҵĵľûһͨˣзǳرʿͻӲŵ½ںʧٵĻҲ˵зرʿӦڽ֮ϡ
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вǻھǵ𣡡
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ǣ׳
ڴţǣ֣ȥ˵ɣһҪԸǣɲҪǱһˣ̬ȥǰߡ
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ڶһЦ
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ңҡⲻǷɧ𣬱
Сӣˣսսݲ㷢ɧΪɧ³Ļӵһ㡣
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ֵоǣѾսʧˣ׶༪٣ԣǧҪСģǰȲҪһҪзʵٶ֡ǱѾϵ̨ӷˣһҪӷ絽ǰߣһսûУ
ˡ
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ĿǰҲ˽֪ͿԼˡεһսҪԲΪ׵һ֮⣬ȥˣһضˣǸ
ǹˣǸƾʲôѽƴţ˵̷꣬˵֤ȫ
ˣ׼óˣֱھûǣǣھǵʤϢ
ǹȫµ֤ȥƴţˣʽսˣ
Լư̾˿˵ϣܼ̳Щͷӵ²ԼһƬ


703 ˲
Ǳô֪һģϵ㣬ֱӴ绰ˣ
ڽӵ뷽ĵ绰ʱһû뵽뷽Ȼ֪Լ̨壬ʱ̣뷽ҪҵľԲԼǣ¾ͽ绰˳ӷ硣
ͨ绰֮˹ǰǱߵӷ綼ǴĳԾû뵽ӾȻںʧˣǵʲô˶˿
ӷ粢ǵİȫںʧˣӵʵ˵ҪǣƾЩرʿ»
ΪӣЩرʿӦȴû뵽Ӷ˲ǵڶ֪ںη
ǽô
ĿǰѾ׼սսˣţҲѾȥǰߵֱϣڲѾˡԴţǵʵ˵ҪԸЩرʿ»е
ȥǰߣ
ֻܹȥһˡ
ߵô죿
һ¡
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鷳ͲӦȥ¡ǸѾͷǴҪӲȳӢţɱȵ컹ѡ
ӷһµļ˵һЭذ˾ȳġھ˵ʱǧ¶棬ֻڰа
ҲѽڰбµΪģպ鷳ʱ򣬻ӿһ¡
ԺԺ˵ΪҪģӮһ̣һ˵ȫµҵļ̳ˣҸ뷽ĹϵǳãӦòԹ۰ɣ
ΪģΪѣô⡣ȥǰ߰ɣߵͽˡ
סİȫɽɾôһӣһ£ɽǸƴɣ
źߣʱָӲ
üͷָӲڲͣţӳ£뷽ԼʱҪκ£зսȴͣҷϿţϵսҲ֪ʲôʱ״û°ţսǰһУӰ
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Խ˵û´ĻӦǵ֧Ԯ
ⶼʲôʱˣзսͣҷ֧ԮҲ̫ˡο֮⣬һ治֪뷽滹ʲôơ
÷ɱˣǾίһ֧սӡ
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ƴţ˵ϻȻǹˡ
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˭ӣ
ɽǰ˵ԽҴӡ
ɽɣ
ǵġ
šսӾͳΪһ֧ĲӣָӲָӣôǵķ̵Ŀɰѳ˵ǰͷǶжȴҾ˿Ӱ鶼ȫҵϾ·ͥ
ǣԽ
ƴţ˵ǻʲôѽϳȸһ
ɣôɣмƻ𣿡ʵ
ǴҪʲôƻ
һӵŻƴţ
̾ţǵһϾ·ͥģүү㡣
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ȡ
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ˡ
˭
硣
У̨壬ôܻܵǰ
뷽һ취ϵӷģ⣬Ͼܵ
˵꣬Ϸ˵Žǰһҿͧȵսȥ
ֿһԽ̣Խ̵ͷ󣬹ַԸԱߵʿ׼һҿͧǡ
ǣ׳
ɽ˵Ҽסֻȥ鿴һºϵս£սôңô򣬶֣ܶӲº
ˣ£Ͽ߰ɡ


704 з
賿ʱⳡ֮ľϰѾչʮСʱˣ̨ڵû˿ֹͣҷҷȴΪ״ﱻٵĹϵ޷ȥյзÿһֽʱսս޷дģķ½״úãҷͳΪⳡսеġϹӡֻܷأܽ
׼һұȽϴ͵Ŀͧû˳ڵʱǰսϲ鿴һ
Ϸʻſͧں˺üȦ賿ĵʱĿ˫ս⣡
˿Ѿֹͣ޷̫±з֣ǵǸƬʱͻ֮սȫֺǸƬһصɴ㣬ˮ£ʣҶ
ʲôôͻȻô
ƴţ
ܲСһ㣬зˣǻ鷳ġ
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ɽ˵еѽǱ˵ֻ꣬û˵ôѽ
˵꣬ɽóֻ鿴һĿǰλõ˵е㲻Ծû´ĻⳡӦΪģϷأ
Ϊôܣʲô˿һ˴˵
ߣӵʧ٣Ӧþ˸ͬϻȥǾͻᱻƬˣ
Ϸ뷢ͧأɿͧͺǱסƵģ⺣֮ϣȻһҲ
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ɢǰһĻʵûƴţ˳һ
ôƬȻ
ĵĺϣˮѾ˱ѹֿͧһҲˣ
Ӧֻиʮ׷ΧڱסˣǱϵ߸ĹѾˡ

һЦ𣬲֪Ӻη漴ӰڻڵΧͣţ
ѵûһȺСƨˡ
ʲôˣֹƴţһΧıһ¡
ʨӺСӣû´ĻӦǾǻƼҵĻƴţɣ
Ȼ֪үүңģûϢ
Ϊ˼СƨȴϣľȻǾ̫ӵôˣһ̫û𣿡
ԸЩһҪҳԳ֣Ӧ
治СƽĽֿû˻˵ʲôսսƾ֮ҾҪ޻ء
˵ƨɡ
ţҪ嶯СмơɽҪסƴţȴ̫ƴţһתһȭȥ
Ҿ֪ģǬϰ
ˣѾΧ
Χʮ˳֣ѼذΧסˣ
ˣͧãֻܴȥˡ
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һ˹һλȽ㣬ԭزҪŰˡ壬㸺Ѱҳ·ҵ̸ǡ
û⡣
ƴţѾ˶ˣ˻ߣһǱϵߣһǷϵߣ
߸֮䲢̫Ĳ࣬߼ߵĻԻƴţһ֮ҲǺӦģ
صһȭ˱ϵߵؿϣƴţϴſЦһȭȽһģȴϣһȫȻһıƴţȭͷûϵκε˺ϵ˼ѷ죡
㳢һ±ɱ˵ζ
ã
ƴţȭ͸оһӶԷɢԼڣԼȭͷʼһı˫ҲͶˣ
Ļ쵰
ƴţƽҲŹˣڡ
Ҫ˵ôԡ
棬ǬһڿߣĲǵˣǻƴţ
صһŽƴţϵıˣƴţʱȥ
ļһѽ
һءСûӵģָӣʲô壡ں˰ɣ˸Χסˡ
ܹ𣬹ͱˣôһôˡ
Ҫ˵ôˣѾʧ٣ʧٵĻⳡҲͲٴȥˡϽˡ
ܣ˼ûܵ·
塭
һȼ𣬶ʱ佫ȫڻˣˮ֣ΧȴԽԽеĻƴţ˱˵ҷص·ˣʲôطԼʲôطѾˣ


705 ʱϵ
ϵıѾڻȴ֮ǰ˺ü˵֮£˵սվǰļ״Ҳֻܿų˵ֱǷԼչ
һֱûжֵϷһȫȥ
ѽȻںӰں׾ͲͬˣٴںҲ𲻵κõġ
ƴţ˷ǰȫǱˮ£ͬ㣬ٶȣȥ
Ǹˡ
ϷҲһһǱ뺣ףһ´սʹչ
߻ǹߣں´սҪ½࣬Ȼˮϵ߾ˣɵǣڵ֮Уһˮϵߣ
޷˵һҪһҲ˵һ˴УǱضһغ
ѵҪرСģ˿ʧ˶ѱͬĵΧסҲ˵໥֮޷֧ԮǽԼԵĵȫ˹ʮˣҲ˵ÿһ˶Ҫˣ⺣Ϊˮ뽫ƽѧȫʩչǾԲܵ顣
ڣ޷ʩչѧҲһΨһһˮϵ֮⡣
ˮϵһͬʱȣȱһѹǹóʮ֧ˮϵ˹ȥ
ˮϵߺɵĶļͬһʱ䣬ΧγΪˮÿһˮ絼㣬ȡ
䣬ôˮԼǶ㲻ģⲻ˵Ҫ£ȵ͵Ľ
ѱţΣգԼȴ޷ȥ֮ѻһǿҵľɢһһССĲΧĺˮΧȥͬһС͵ıը㣬˺ʮס
ѽ˸ˣҪȥԮҲѾ̫ˣ
ۿΣڵϦȴȶһ٣˵ȫԼսǰߣŵģɲҪûսһǿ̫ˣˣսӶ𣡿ôأ
ȴ˿Ѿ޼ƿʩˣѵԼעԼҪΪ
Ѿκεϣˣ˫ۣҲѾ
ȵ뵽ģԼүүƼҵһУֻԼһˣƽ裬ӲүүĻΣȸеǳڣ漣ֵĻһսˣԼԺһԺΪ
ϣʱ漣֡
ˮѾȣҲѾоϢԼƴҪӵ˵ľ뿪ˣȴ첻
ڴ˿̣Ϸһǿϯͬǵذ㣬ʱͽˮϵߵĹƳΡ
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۾һ̣´ϲû뵽ˣǿģ˭
ڵз˵˵ĳ֣޷ǸˮһĴ̫ǿˣǿԼ޷ȥ¡
ѶԻƴţһƣȫ⣬ٶȣȥ
֮ϣһӰƯڰ֮Уȫ䣬һ˫ϬĶź档
ͻأȫɢ֮ˣһرϢͬںϵϢҲؼΪ
¡
ǿϢΧȫɢͬʱ֮ϣ飬飬ıըˣԾŰ㣬һӵ
漴ʮҲȫ棬һȫվں֮ϡ
ǳ硣
ƴţһ˰֮еĳӷ磬ӷЦһ˵ţ֪嶯ĺ˰ɣ
磬ȲҪ˵ôˣɵЩ쵰˵
һ̧ͷӷ磬ߣһߣ
쵰ǸղŲΪʲô̫ûˣڣ̫ӵˡ
ڵȫ󾪣һǰֵλ̫ӣ˵ģȴû֪̫ӾȻһߣ
ǳӷ磿
Ǵͷָųӷʵ
͵Ϯ͵ϮսӣǵĲˡڻ֪˭£ǻûǸʸɡ
˭̫Σˣͱȥ
ǿҪǵıжˡţｻңߡ
磬ЩһĺܡӦþǵʧٵġ
жԸǵķϿͧء
ǺãԼСһ㡣
ƴţȫ˿ͧӷһ֮ʮˡ
ˣڣóеı°ɡ
ӷļ΢΢һ৵һһɫɵγɵĳ򣬳ڱ
þûˡ죬Щһɡ


706 ȫȫ
콥𣬵ȴ̫¶棬ղƣһۿҪϯ
ƽأÿһ˶ԵļΪǱ϶ʪģ߱Լں״һܵĻƾӪжû˻ŵġ
ĳʦ
ƴţ¶Ľļ⡣
㻹˵СҳĻǻᱻЩһΧ𡣻ӷ缰ʱϵȽҪһˡ
һųƴţȥƴţһվǬ
ܹǸ类ǷˣȶֵĻ³ڻҡ
ȺݺݵĵŻƴţ˵㻹˼Ʊ磡Ҳͱ㺦ˣ˵ɣô⳥ң
ƴţһɵӣЦҪҪѽҵƴС㡣
㡭
׳ǻˡ
ԶԽλʿ˹
ڻˣٲĻҿɾҪоȥˣ
˿һڵϢ⼸̫ӵɶүǵͷ⣬˭⣬ԼΡ
˵ȻָӲ˵
ָӲԽʵôˣǶ鵽ʲô
ˣû
Ǭ˻ƴţһۣеζƴţһƵġ
׳ʲô£зˣ
˵Ǵţ쵰СӡҲȫǸտսʱӦþѾзˣǳʮرʿǸΧӺϴ򵽺ףӷ缰ʱϵǶزˣ
⻰˵Ļͦίģֱ˵͵
ӷأ
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һˣʲôɣ켱
İɣЩһﲻӷĶ֣Ѿӷɵˡ
ָӲ⣬ӷպʱ߽ʿȴûһֵġ
˵ôЩɶͨˣҪɱǣҲҪǿɱС
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ӷ磬Щһôˣ
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裬ҿĿǰҪģǽ״źãҾ൱Ϲӣεзͣĺը޷
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Žɷģұ̷ӦֻǱ˺ϣΣյġֻҪҵص·ʱԻǡ
ʲôӷ磬лֱ˵Խʵ
ҵı̷ӦߣΪ󷨣סǡ
ߣϺ߶ˣԽԽˡ
ֻҪ̨巽⴦ãһսȻԲսʤ
˵ӢǱߣ
ûӢŵ巢ξϰӢȴԸۣͬǸˡ뿪̨ʱѾ鷳ȥӢţֻҪӢŵþȣⳡϰı֪ǫ̈̄壬̨壬ݲ²ˡ
̨Խ켸ҲԷˡ
µĵϸ֪ȷӢţҲ٣ⳡϰУҾҪйӵ
ӷ˵ȻҪҾǾͲˡоͣĺըҾҾȴ޷ȥҾʿض½һ֧ûʿľӣôȥ̣
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ҽȫȫѹֱӽоû֮ǰͽⳡս
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׳ҲΪһսϵԽþͶҾԽͬӷķȫȫ
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ǵս˵
ʲôλã
Ѿƫսܶ࣬ڶϷǧﺣ򣡡
֪ʲôطͺðˡ裬Ҹȥ̷߾ͽˡ
šԼСһ㣬Ҿ󣬾ֱѹо
СѣǾȸҾһ𣬵ҪסоرʿʱǧҪһĳȥֻҪǲ֣ҲҪ֣ҸԵ˵ǵȦס
һοѽֻҪţСӲûġ
׼һ°ɣͳȥ
ӷָ߳Ӳʱɽ߳ӷһԣʵӷ磬̨ûм
ӷ֮ߵôɽ¡
Ҫ̨帺Ӣŵģ˵ڰаΣջеģһ±ɽ֪ˣôһãôðգǱ̨壬
Ϊ˲ɽ룬ģҲε񣬳ӷֻܷܵûѽ̨ûôҲ̨ܵȥˣ
ѽҲǰߵ·ϣҰִ绰֪ͨҵģڷǳġһ֪£һץʵġ
İɣֲǱ֮һսΪϰӦû뵽ʲô뻢ڵģ
ɽ̾˿˵Ը˰ɡˣԼСһ㣬Ǿ콫ⳡսʱһɱ̨壬̼ҡ
šҲҪСһ㣬Ͼǲ֪ʲôͷҲ֪мߣ


707 ͬĸĽ
ӷΪҲܲˣԷߣΪԼ֮ϣֻԼ֮ϣΪһսڽӷҪðա
ݴһ壬˵صĽʯ϶࣬Ǵ͵սͲܴӴ˴ͨҲΪʲô״ϷսĹϵΪڳӷǰİ״һս齸ʯ֮䣬ڽʯ֮ϣӳԱһ٣ڵȴʲôƵģǵȴ޷뿪
쿴Ҵˡ
ʯϵԱָǰ˵
ȥ棬һСԼ߿֮ˣպԼڴģ
λֵܿ쿴ӷˣ
Ц汻ˣӷˡǰӷܲƣ
İɣӷҲߣӦû⡣
ӷĴڿʮ׷λʱȴһεǽסƣҲˣҲ˲
̷Ƕðɣ
ӷ磬û¡ԼҪһ㣬Էһͨ󷨵ߡ
͸оϢιزˣôľڴεأû´ĻӦΪҰɣ
ৡ
Աһ齸ʯϣһɫӰֳ˾ȻһŮˣҪȳӷϼ꣬·Ƚŷʽȴһٷ֮ٵĻˣ˵Ӧڹⳤġ
ƮݵĳΣ㵹գڴʱ˾ʵóӷһ
û뵽Ȼһλɫ˶˵ŮŮ˼ʵȥܵǲ̫ˣ

ԷһЦЦһĶˣôһӷɲ֪ʲôϧ
㣬ǳ۵Ķӣ
˭ĶӣҲûϵҿΪߣֻǶõƤëˣҵĶ֡ͻСдǰ;ͬߵķϣҿԷһ·ֻҪ㲻ΪŰȥұ֤Ϊѡ
ﶼСӷ磬Ȼ֪˭ģҲ֪ĿģڽҴȥǲе̫Цˡ
ȻĻҲ㵱һͨŮ˿ȻڴˣҲżˢӵġ
ŮЦӷ磬ǲ֪ߵغѵΪҪԸЩˣһһǰ𣿡
Ŷ˰֣
ӷ磬˵һˣ޷ƽĻƾΪ͵вǡ
ӷЦŮˣҿɲСӣĵġȰ㻹ǸϽȥɣҲҪԼ⣬ֱȥƾˡ
޻꾳ΪҪҵ󷨵ȷѡǣӷ磬㻹ȿ˵󻰰ɡ
ӷͻһǿԼֻˡ
һ߰֡ŮҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҫ˭쳤˲Ӹ㿳еĽҲҶһ¡
軰ˣķ軰һǵһ
ӷͲмתߺˣڵ΢΢ɱŮˣԸڱεɱôһӷҲ
һ¡
ͻȻӷ˫һת˵̷㲻õң֣ʮУұµ
Χʮֵ໥һۣȻֿ˳ӷСľǰ֮ˣ˵ô
ӷʱҲ֣ӦʶԼˣǡ
һ£ϢôôϤ
ӷһɫ˼ı仯ͬʱ֮Ѿ𣬷˳ӷԱߵһ齸ʯϡ
ӷ˫תǴ֮ˣͬһŮˣһ£ǻ󷨵ŮҪӵ
ƽʱһӼŮˣӷ粻ɫҲ΢һĵġ죬ڣ˿̵ŮˣʵóӷЦã
ӷ磬ӣڵ˵˵ˣҲɱ
ӷЦһЦɿˣ
û˸㿪ЦҲҪģΪǼٰģΪһ˵òԼٰ磬ڵϢ˽⣬Ӧüٰ粻˰ɣ
ȷٰҲ׵ǡ
ӷתһָԼĺŮˣʵǲǷˣ
Ů΢΢˵ͷԲ𣡡
Բ˵Բ֪֪Լʲô
ңǼǷҪ
Ƿʲôˣʲôϵ
ǡ
ǺŮЦ˵ɡҽ磬ͬĸĽá
ʲôͬĸʲôʱðһĽˣΪʲôҲ֪
磬ͬĸǺŮˣȻǱүնϱˣ
˵ǳӷ磬ǵڼɵĳֺ󣬶һҲ벻ͨӷӣԽĶϱھȻŲǱԣ˵±Խ֪ˣԽݸһԸ˵گ£ϱѽ
ɣһŮˣʲô¸ʲô²Ӧú죬ҲǸŮ˸ʲôϵȻŲΪУǾǸйԣҪ
˵ӷ磬ܲһӣһ·Ƽңס֮ģ
飿ƼûҪҽʲô飬޸ҵ𣬾ͲҪЩˡǣãȴ֪Լڶˣܵ
ȰȰɣ
ҵĺãǣƼҴӦʲôˡүүĸŮϳƼҵ죬׿ڴӦֻҪĸŮƼһޣպƼһӦġ죬ֻҪҽӷߣѵүү˵ĻǷƨĳŵǷƨ𣿡
磬˵磬֪ƼǷģҸ׿ǷĸŮʲôûǾ͹ˡӷ˵ûйˣһٴˡӷ÷ֻҪ뿪صĻһΪģ
ٸ˵ϻҪ㽫ӷߣֻҪңܲܰ쵽ˡ
ԥˣ˿磬ֿ˿ӷ磬ֱ飬óӷ͵һ˵ɣɲҪ
˱۾˵ӷ磬Բ𣬵ȷҰֿǷĸŮģүү׿ڴӦĸŮĻƼһ߾ȫȥǵġ
ҲҪʲôѽҲûӡͲ̫ãһ֪£պôȥ
ʮ֮ڣ޷ĻתߣҲǶүүĳŵ
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үүӦģһ쵽ҵʵ޷ӷ磬ģҲֻôˡ
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ӷٿЦһ˵ɣҪٶ֡ҲôģҲжΪѣһ㶯֣Լȥ͡⣬һ㶯֣·һ
ʯϵΧʵڲóǳӷļ£Ҳܲˣ
㿴ⶼʲôʲôѽ˻ûļɱԼ˾͸Լ˴ˡӷɿɻֻǶ飬ûʽ飬һΪֵĲͣƳҸƼңԼ֮䣬Ҫìˣ
˵ǾͿŰɣӷ飬νҼбľӷͻСһ£Ҳʲô¡˵ˣ˵ʮ֮޷ӷĻͲˣǸԼӷ綼Ҹ̨£ͬʱҲү˵Ļڲ


708 
ڹ·û̫뷨˵óӷ̫ΪѣӲԼүүʧԶˣ£ԼģĵģҲôһˣ
ǵ˶û˵ȫɸӷ硣ȻǿɵȷһʶŮˣ֪ôȥô飬ֻӣҲ̫ݣ
ڳӷ翴ͲһˡɵݲͬԼӣԼĸ׵ŮϱԼĸһڷ飬ԼӷҪŵԼԣȫйʲô
΢΢ҡҡͷӷѾɣǧ֣ܳһ֣񲻹ôģôķִ磬ǴѵûҪһ
ɣҪ֣
ԲʮУҲò
ûѵΪүүһŵҪպָ𣿡
ɱһҲ뱳һļЩ飬ڽܱԺҪõĶࡣ
ɱһҲԸһļ
ΪӢۣΪۣһǧλᣬһλᣬҲ򲻹Ӣ۸֮ӢۣĶֻ̫࣬Ϊһۣں˸ɾһҵ
ɣŮǽۣ
ӷΣҲ֪ɵԸ񣬼˵飬ǾͲı䣬ȻҪ֣ȻȥһǱȫɣ
Χת˺üȦԳӷްջ˵Ķ֣ɷվǷ˽
ԱߣɫļΪѿΪƼҵ˵ĻһĵƼΨһĺӡȴϣɣԼͬĸãȻԼһף
˿̣ģܣһ޻꾳ߣԼҲ֣οɻֻһߣ

зֱӷ磬ӷȴС֮ϣһҲûжŵ֣ͽȫֵ
ϲӿ˱ɵӷ֮ӿȥܺǶôӴ󣬳ӷĴֻ˿
ৣৣৡ
зΪͬķӷ硣
ӷ۾ȥһεסС
зӷһҲûжɵϣȴѾ¶Цݡ
ôܷʲô£ʲô£ѵóӷΪзɸûȫΪҲȫ
ৣৣৡ
ھи䣬ҲվסˣֻʣһˣѵῴǹںԼѾʲôˣ˵ԼӡУԼãƼҵļ̳ˣҸԼҵϱûԼйκε飡
ӷ˫Ѿһ仰ȴǶ˵̷򣬰չɡ
ӷ磬Ҫʲô
ӷļΪײУ´󾪣СʲôѵԼ¶ֲɣ
Щ£ˣңҲҪɷ£ɲһеĴȥʱɷģҪһ
ӷ磬⣬ֻǼС£һѡǣǿʲôûʲôû
ôô룬ȴܵʲô¶û
Ҫˣӣ
ӷһƻûعһƣҲû顣
һƣһһģ㣬һҪܡ
ɵ¶ЦݣһֱɵҪ
ɽ˫۽գһܣ˫ſû㣬ҲûκȥֵӲǼǿ壬˳ӷһơ
ۡ
һѪɿڿնֱͻ󷨣֮ڡ
ǰһֽסɣӷһˣǺһƣѾһϢˣ
㣬СӷˣȻԼôص֡
̾˿ǺʲôǴĶϱϾˣ
ӷӰһҪ֮סĲӣݺ˵³ҡ
ҲǺݺݵӷ磬㣬湻ģİŮҲ´˶֡ҲģȻҪԸһơǣǶǷӣ
ߺߣ֪ΪʲôƼҵļ̳ˣ㣬ֻܱǰ֪Ҳܻ֪ôھ͸㡣Ϊɣʸ񡣡
ôҲϡʲôƼҼ̳ˣҸƼңг顣ֻ벻ɣȻᡭ
˵ɵǰɣҸ㣬ⲻɵֻӦ飬үүһӢвҲԸ˺֮£ǲ˺ңˣ޹ء
ãܺá죬ˣɱɱɡ
˵Ҫ󺣣֮ء
ӷһǵһĲӸˣȻֱ󺣣ոճƼ֮Ůףιȥɣ


709 ʽ
ӷǲ˵ɴָӲȥģΪֻҪӹȥһʷʲô£ӷҲɷǷˣôҪȥԣӷҲİɴطȥûտ
磬ڻˡ֮ǰһģҪȥأû뵽ٶȡһ¡磬˭ˣ
һ·ǳӷ籧ɻģսں档
ϰʱԽ̵ȫܹоշҲͲôˡ
ǣӷ籧ŵˣˣǸŮˣӵĶԱ
ǰһһôɣ
˵ôˣˣϰһҪơ
ֶ˵̽ʿһˡ
ӷ籧ɽ󣬻Ȼ׷ʲô£Ҳ֪ôֻͣԼȥʳӷˡ
Сʱ֮󣬳ӷָӲҲѾָӲ۷ļƻˣ֮ڣһҪⳡսǱҲѾʹܶǰߵҲѾ˾״֮ǰ޷о˵ĻԼʰؼҳԼ
ӷһָӲǵսƻҲѾȫźˣһӲ̣ȫȫսȻǳӷģսӿɲȱϯҲ˵ڳÿһ˶ȱϯ
ӷ磬׷ʲô£Ϊʲôˣ˭Ӧྩôܵǰˣ
ӷ˵ͲܲڻȽо˰ɡ
УҪ˵ʱҲΪɱѽ
ڣ˵ɡ
𣡡
ΪҴ˵ģ
˻һϷǼסˣ
Խʵӷ磬⵽ô£ǷìܣҲӦôصѽ㿴˳ʲôӣһʲô⣬°뱲Ӿڻںжȹɡ
裬±Ƚϸӣǵ˵ɡ
Ȼ鸴ӣǾ͸Ӧڿս֮ǰ˵Ӱ쵽顣
ˣȴǲϺ꺦ġȻ̣Ҳڲͷϣ飬ͱҪе
˶٣ӷ˵̷򣬻ľߴҰɡ
ԥһ£֪ӷǲ֮£ֲܹΪֽǰסģһˣʱ˿ɲǸ
鷢ľԽ˵һ㣬ԽŭЦ
ӷ磬ĺáҲĺá
˶һۣƴţ˵ҲĺѽԭϾǰ˵оˣȻͻˣ
˵ⲻͬ𡣺ˣ֪ʲôɼȻ鶼ѾȥˣҾãͲҪ뷽֪˰ɡ
ӷ˿̲˵Ϊ֪˻Լ˵ġ
ȻԽ˵ȻˣͲ±κ֪¡ɱһҲԸһļ仰˵ĺãӷǸŹùáڵɣǳķ棡
裬Ҳø軹⹫˵ⳡ̽󣬾鷳˵һɣôҾԲ˵һ֡
ȷе鷳ӷ磬֮ǰձ飬㲻Ǹ׳һڸպϡ
Ǹڻá
ϵӵ飬㻹ã
᲻õ⣬ǸҪ󣬿иô
⺢ӣҲ֪ô˵ˡȻ֮ǰҪ㲻ãҽսͷȹҲΪֳһ¡
ŽĻд⡣
˵ҵȻûˡӣͿˡ
ӷ˵սӣȫһϾװ
ʮ֮󣬳ӷһˣȫ˾װÿһ˼ϵļ𣬿ɶе㲻ͬˡ
ӷҡͷЦСȫһңôҲ̫˰ɣһٽ
˵ӷ磬ǽ⣬Ǿȳ˱ձϸַ̨̼ҵı湦һٽ´ˡ
ϣԹֹɣŽ
ǡ
ټ֧Ӽϡ
ǡ
̲֮ϣվᣬеսȫͣ˺֮УеľÿͧͣеսȫŻ׼ɡ
ȫС
ųӷһ£ֽź
ȫ䲻ʶӷ磬ӷľΣ㹻ˡ
׳á
׳һʮ׳ӷ䲻ǵһˣһʮĽӷǰʮĵһ
ӢۣйͲȱǰսͬ־ǹҵʿ֮սͬ־ǹҵĽһôսŲҶ˵ͬ־ǶӦúˡǴװҪԲװΪĺƽΪƲսţֻҪڣôĲǻ޷ҹ߾벽
ӷȫһûֻҪƳ˾ԡ
ȫҶ׼ǰĺ򣬲ǺǿվļһôĽ׶Σһսֻˣҽеĵлȫҽϵĵнȫס
֤񡣡



710 
Сѣɻսʲôû
һֵûеĪⶼҪʽսˣӷʱʲô
һؼʲô˿
廹Ȼ᲻Ὺɻ
ɴʲôῪ
ǾˡսӷΪеĴˮ·Ůս·һҪ໥ϣûõҵ֮ǰȫڻֻҪҵһʲôùܣҲҪǰжϰɱһ·ֱ
һһġ
Ǿͱ˵ôˣȥ
Ůžվһǰ
ӷԽ˵裬Ͳȥˣչһɰɡ
ʲôҲȥôСӷ磬òΪǸŮˣǸͨˣӦɣ
ˣԼŮô᲻ءڵʵڲñȥչĺãһذɡ
Խ˵ҪҰտû⣬һҪӦңоȫ򵹡
ҲҪġ
šԼҺˣ⹫һΪеġӷ磬ţǬɽʲôȥ˼һսɡ
ӷ缸˵˵ͷ˵ȻսӷΪҲͲһˣʡĵʱ칦ʱֲ˭ġ
̷򣬸λ壬˾ͱһȣ˭Ĺ࣬ɱĵжɡ
δЦд統ķ緶ӷ磬ǾͱһȰɡ
ֱѹս
ͬʱ̨巽棬ص˵ָӲҲ˺
档
һ̨ʿָܽӲ
̨Ͻʵǰߵսôˣ
׳о֪ǲǳ˻ҩȻȫˡ
ʲô˵оȺ֮
û
ǵָӲǱûأ
ûУоָӲǱûκξӣһ˸ȫ
Ͻ˻֣ʿȳȥ
ǰʵǵ׸ʲôǴ̣ôƵģȫһһҾɾͻȫûġ
ҴӾô꣬ʱҲίԱĴСսδ̵ģ
㿴о᲻ʲôƣмƣ
ʱ򣬲ʹʲôƶѾ𲻵ˡҿֻһĿģǾ뽫ⳡս
δҲụ̂Ҳ֪ļһսеĴѽ
ԷԼŮŮĻӦòѽ
أȻûɲȫǡ
Ҫǵĺ«ﵽʲôҩ⣬ӢŷҲҪ֣һоɳȥȳӢŵĻǶļƻɾˣЩ˵ס
ģӢǱ߲κġ
׳
һʿָ̨ܽӲ
˵
׳оѾѹеĻҲѾȫʱҾչģġ
һҪסû֮ǰֻأܹ
ǡ
֮ϣӷ磬ƴţǬɽǰһսϡ
Щһʲô֮ǰϵĽǿʼˣǲӲˡ
оһϽģַһǻĿģԲӲ
˵ǲӲĻǾ鷳ˣһ˻ص̨庣ҾǲֱӳȥġˣⳡսϿǾϰҲǹģһҾֱӽ̨庣̨Ǳߵô룡
ӷЦ̷ģЩҵ֮ڡҲûҾȫѹʱֱӽооҲûôɵ
㻹ʲô
Ǳ̨֮Ƕʱĵȴˡ
ȣʲô
л
˵СǱߣ߽Ǳߣ
̨屾Ҳ̨
ѹӷȴѾսļʻңóһֻͨһ绰
Ǳôˣ
绰ͷ˵Ŀǰûʲô⣬ҲѾڽõİ£ҵӢű֮ء
ĺá˵磬֮ĺУ̨ӿս
ҴҲˣ
ЩȲùܣֻҪ֪һսһӮˣҪӮľʣӮƣҪˡ
˼ףֻҪܾȳӢţȻӢһ̨Ͷ˵ļƻ̨һְǸģ̨ΪԱΪƽԹΨһģǸӢеȫƵЩһͷϣ̨֮ҲͻվǸߣһԸǡ
˵һҲûΪҪǣĸҵľӣɵģδ֮ǰһҵŸԵѣЩѵþеǹָָˡ
˵İɣ㲻ΪԼҲһҪãƯ
Ǿ͸¡Ǿ仰;ʲô춯Ļɱ


711 
̨ĳ乤ҵڲϼµĲҵƽǳ󣬿칤Ȼż٣ԭĸȴûٹԱһǮǷżٲϰ࣬ʸҲշ
ھ빤ֵһҾƵ궥㷿ڣԶͣ̽ŹǱߵ˵Ѿżˣû˽ڹ棬ȴʮˣЩ˵ıǳ裬ʲôĹ顣
ȷһ£ǲǱǼ乤ڣ
Խӵӷĵ绰֪ε飬ɲǹϵԼͬʱҲϵ֮ĺƽദһԼˣ˵ԵͳһĳƣĻԼɾͳ˹ˣ
ѾĺˣͳͱڹǣصЩˣȫǾˣ⻹һЩͳıڡƾˣҪȳͳҪȵ컹ѡ
˵꣬Ѱ˵С㣬ȷ飬Ƕһ𣿡
һ۽Ѱأ˵ǺöҪҿɱסǵ˵ҸѣӦúкܶ飬ܶˣ޷ȥҵģã޷ȥ¡⣬һ¡ǽ̨壬ɶй˵ǽңʵйˡ֮һսڵǳս˭ģӦú
ڸûʱÿԸǣͬʱҲ֪ǵ游µС
ȷ˵һҲûǽңȷйˡ
Ȼ֪Щڸûʸ̫⡣ǵ游그µУһϸĽϻй˵ĻһεжǽҽʱĺãʹܹͳһĻ䲻ܱ֤ʲôôӷ˵һԾŶ뷽棬һġ
Ѱ˵仰㹻ˡ˵˵ڣҪԼȥˣ
˵ʵҿûʲôð취Ҫą́Ǳ죬Ҫ빤Ӧòʲô°ɡ
Ѱ˵һ°ɡ
Сʱ˹ſڣſһصĶûУ˺׵ľͽȥˡ
֣ղ䳧ʮѽôӰû
ģѵʧٲɣ
˵ȥһ£˵Ҫ˾档
˲ԣֱӾͽ䳧ȴϣһ룬Զرգʮǹȫָˡ
˵˵ģ㲻ôȥȣҲӦڵ￴ѽôֱӳģⲻ
ʲôˣӿ治СȻܵ
ʮɫװվһҲֻûǹģӦǴͷˡ
ֵܣᣬǹԱմسȴˣ֪ʲô£Ծͽ
Ѱظ˵꣬Ǵͷ´һͻһЦǽѰذɣ
㡭
ãʶ㣡
Щŵˣô᲻ʶ˵ɣʲôģˣ
ˣǲףҲ˵ʲô˼
ϻͽһ˵ģֻ벻ǣľȻǽӡ
ֵܣˣֻǶ䳧еȤҪչԲŽġ
˵ϻĿʲôȻѾˣǾͱ뿪ˣ°ɡ
Ѱһ룬վţûġ
鼱֮ǰѰҲ֪ðǰһѾץס˴ͷ֮ˣǿܣ
ȫҸɵ
硭
һһߣȻһеǹеˣ
СѾͷͦСӵ𡣲߷ߵǶٰǹҪ߿
ȥ˵ѾΧˣҵʱȰòҪΪŰΪУǽ֮ء
ôĿͷŻҡǰɣнѽ㵹ǽѽ
ڼΪƣŸտʼû뵽ͱסˣ֪Ͳֱӽˡ
鼱֮£ģֻǡ󺰾
оûõģǾɡ
ҿپ㣬ҳ£Ƕ
ǻˣ˳ɱǰɡ
ৡ

ͻأһҽУˣһ˵ϣĺһˮֱʺ


712 
һ˵˵ϣѪʺһͻ䣬ʮһҲס
һˮ̼һ˵Ҫжѽ֮ˣҲԲ򵥡
ʲôˣֹҪġ
ͷ˳ΧɨһۣȻ󺰵
ͷ˵ڳڻصһᣬ漴ʧǣܴͷôкڸûӦ·Լ֮⣬û˵Ĵڡ
ӳ⵽ôѽ˭ɱҵˣ
˿̣е۾ȫ
ղŲû˷ˮǴʲôطģֻΣʱų֡˵ûڳĻ˵ʲô
Щһ뿿ΧǹҲѾʼеѲûˣղǰˮǰСѾͷԼģ
ʲôˣԼڿʲôˣжôҪЩ᲻֪˵ҪԼ˵Ļǿܻɳһ㹦򶼲һģСѾͷ
ûһɵģ˾Իɳ֣ҲΪʲôɳ˶˿ӢŵҪԭ
ӳڸô죿
ͷ˵ҾͲаһСѾͷһСѾͷܴа˾ߵĻҲûˡ㣬ȥСѾͷɵ
һˣ
ʲôǲڳѵһСɱ˲ɡ
ˣҲ̨еһʿͷǽŵ飬ҲȻ
ѾͷҵҪжٰѵ
ʿһһĳȥҲȥ֮ǰ飬ڲŷӦ
ѵǳӷаţڰаԼ
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һߴУȷһɷǳǿԲ֪ͨԣֻн޻꾳磬ǲʼ򣬾ǾߣΪĻ𵽶ãٵһսɱôʮʮˣһУûƵġ
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717 
ظⳡսµļ̨彫ȫãӢҲһǳʶˣ֪ε飬̨Ѿлعǰˣ̨ҲΪε뵽ܶ¡⻹ǹ֮һ䣬˵Ļһ̨ȥֵֻǿл񹲺͹ܸõĺƽǣӢҲûȥ뷽Ǳˣһ뾡һа취ռǵ֤͵ȥ
ӷ罫ɰٺ֮󣬾ͽлǼŮչΪӷڻиҪҪ
رץһвƲҲͱסˣ̼Ѿûʸȥӵνļ̳ȨӷһĻǲ̼ҵһУɶҪ乫ˣһԼͰæһ
ϸȥ̨ɲӢǼһ˱ˡ
ӷŻƴţǼֱӾͳ̨ȥ
µİ£ҲǷǳϲһ鶼ѾˣԼ͵Ž̨ɡ
ķǳãҲñֻ̨֤ҪڣһõĵλȻҪôȥ𽯼ңֻҪǲܵġ
úԼû;Ҳ֤˳ӷ̼군ˣϼûľˣŷǱ߹ʰ·Ͼû֪᲻ŷйأΪԼŷɲɵڲϼš
Ҫлл㣬ĻҴѾˡ
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е㵣ģ̼ҵ̨飬ڼСʱǰѾȫ˿۷Ҳضǵһʱյġ̨ǿ鱦أ˭עѽȻ̼Ѿ군ˣĲƷ̨ģңһ
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˼ܼ򵥣㽫̨ҵ㣬ԼûĻͷҲΪ£ӷһ飬ͨˣһһͨǾͲ˼ˣ̨壬͹ŷˡ
Ĳû֪ӷԼһףͲˣ
ӢſҾȳġ
Ǽ޹ء֮㵽Ҫܿ飬ǷĻɾʲôûˡ
ãҵù˵ɣҪôң
ڲ̼ȻѾ̨ҵ磬ԲϼΪסӷ˼ǣңƾȥչϼŵĹƱ֮ǰ˭չĹƱ࣬˭ӮȻΪ˹ƽչʱõʽ𣬿ԶһӮˣ̨ҵͬʱһ̨ڵ㡣
ߣ£𿴲ŮˡñʽһͿˡ
ȷһ
Ȼ
ǺãھͿʼɡ
͵ʽҵţô㡣


718 ߳
ϼܲð칫ҡ
ŷһڰ칫̽ʲôÿһ˵ı鶼ǳѿ
ܲãʵû뵽ѽ̼˵͵ˣȱ컹Ҫ죡
ŷ˵ûôģֻû뵽ؾȻҰĲ̨ĻʵۣŭǱߣ̼ҵǰ
Ҫӷһ˶֣¸ŷӦҪ̼ҸҲһ顣Ͼ޸̰ϵĽɫ֧ţάʮҡȴĴɣɵϲŻȥ飬йĹϣΪУʣм
ܲãرץȥ˾ǣ̼ҿνɢٹãǱ߾Ҫ̼ҵĲƲˣٲֵĻˡ
ڲϼŴƴô꣬ۿ̼ҵ̨ѵԼһ
ǷģȻҴӦǵһ쵽̼䵹ҹ˾ᵹ
ܲã֮ǰ˵һǿڣʲôط
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ε뿪˰칫ңŷȴж롣
ʲô̼䵹ˣҹ˾ҲѾǸտˣû䣬ЩҪƱ׳Ҳûô죬Ϊʲôʱҹ˾һˣʲôûˣ
Ͼ̨徭Ӫôͷҵеʽ类ظ˳ȥɲϼŵ⻹ڣڹҲǫ̈̄һģЩûϼŵĹƱ׳֮ǰǿտӣҲһۣ
ʲôҪܷʲô¶Ҫӷѽӷ磬òʲôϷɡ
ŷҪģ̨ҵ磬ҲΪʲôӷԭ򡣵ӷὫ̨ҵ罻ɵɡ
ŷ򿪵ԣ뿴һ¹УҲѾ뵽ϼŵĹУ֮ڣͻȫ̿ϼŵĹƱΪһֵı񣡵ȻҪչĻǾҪʰ̯ӵ׼ϼŵһִСС⣬ЩҲΪͶʹծģĺãһվɣûãǮûֱ𣬻Ҫ̼ұϴʵծ
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ӷҡͷǲ֪ɼǼ١ҲûϵˣˣǸ˵ѾǿˡˣǾȥһҶٰɡ


719 ȫʬ
᳤̨ߵѾȫźˣ˵ǱǮҲѾʮתʿеʺš
Ҷٰ칫ڣһСͷĿҴææĴܽҶ˵һ顣
ãɵķǳá
᳤˵ĻĻСʮǰѾˡСǻ᳤Ȼģڻ᳤ѣôô룬ôСǾԲᶪ»᳤ܵġ
ҶߵСͷĿǰļ̾˿˵ʱĿѽתѾʮȥˡ뵱ͬǽֱߴСආֵǿ𣬲벻ĸҡЩҲûֵʧ˫ִƬ¡
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Ҷٿ˵û뵽ѽ˵͵ˡ˵ʲôãôȥأᣡ
᳤Ѿץˣô֮Ի䵽ڵ³غġģһˣ̼ҵˣһҲ
˰ɡһϻ˵ĺܺʮӶʮҵʱ˲ãŻֵù顣ģȷͷһһģʱҿ˭Ҷĵ̡
˶٣ҶٽֵǣǧҪСһ㣬ҪŸɣǶûôͬʱҲֵǣһҪסұ֤ò˶ãֵֻġ
Ų̼ҵ̨رץ̨һҪԸģȻ̨һڰᡣ
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Ҷǰ˵СֵܣҶǳͬһڷģÿһ˶鷳ʱ򣬽鷳Ҫһʱ䣬˵Ҳ鷳̨ưԶ꣬˵ĹȥģǲΪңҲǰʲôܾʹյĻҶٿԱ֤һ֮ǣĹ
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᳤ҵסǣߡ
СͷĿһӷ˹ȥɽȴҪԶԺڰ
৵һͲҪӷ֣Ҷٸû˭֣СͷĿѾ˵ϣѪؿ
Ҷһȥ˵ӷ磬ǮҸǮֻҪ㲻ɱҡ
ǮȱǮ𣿡
ȷǸЦӷȱܶණʵܶܶ࣬ΨһȱģǮ
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֮ܲ⣬ӷ˸߳ԱһһµϳеĲȫˣҲѾˣһʬ壬ڳϡ
Χ·ȫӷȴûǰȥɻǴ죬飬ñȥκϣ֣ÿ
Ҷ٣ҲһҲȫʬ±ӵĻǵĸˡ


720 ̨Ļ
վ̨101̨֮ĽΣӷ粻֪Ҳ֪һԿ϶ǣӽԺ̨壬ճˣ
ƴţߣӷֻһ˾һҲһ룬ȴ̨飬̨ҵڵ·ôȥɽȨȥӷģǵȻؾ֮ôɵ飬ԽѾһսľȫԽ죬ԼĶϱ飬ǲԶΪ֮Ҳû̫Ϊһ쵼˵ԽȴҪһܵʲô¶û
̾˿һս˭ĹսӣսӵĻȲ˵ģץסصģ
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Ⲣʲô⣬ֻҪҰŷѲ̼ҵ鴫ȥǱ˵ڹڣžҵУҲ˻ȥһʱᱳϰļһ
ɱҪԶˣҲ֤ʲʺϻڵĹؼڡ˶ɱĻôȥڣҽپǹ㽫̨ڵϵĸ·ѹסһپһߣ̨ڵ㡣
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ϣţ̨壬ټϰۣйڵӷѾһ룬ʣµһ룬ؼڣһڡڶ̩ɽɢ


721 峷ְ

ڳӷļУطǵһ
ǰڵ￴Ϻй׶ģˣΣ뵽Ϻһ⣬͸˵ЩٵˡǣܹϺ֮ˣҪŬܰ쵽
εľϰǰߵͬ־ǶõӦеĽ⽱ȴǸ˵ģǼġرҪǹͬ־ָӵλӮⳡսͬʱͬ־Ҳûй͹Ҷ࣬ؼʱá
ڳģսԵĶԱ˴׳ʮλӳ֮⣬εļλԪףүǣһҲû׳ҲΪĹϵûеμʤıûᡣ
׳һֵø˵飬Ϊ˵;޿ԱߵĹ֣˿̵ɫȴļΪѿһ˫۾ʱʱĿ˿ǼˣȻֿ˿ӷǼһֲõԤУڹֵͷǻš
ӷˣҲû˵һ仰ԽսӵֶûᣬҲû˵һ仰Ϊ֮ǰӷѾⳡϰУԼˣûԼսӵĻץסأ˭ֵܵסޣ
̨飬ѾڸӢˣ¸ôƺ̨Լڲأ䲻ҹƣ̨Ǳߵ飬òصΪѾк֮Ĺϵϲ̨³ʲô⣬Ծߴ
˿ʵǲ̼ҵĲǹ̨壬ڵأ
ҲǹǾòϼŵĲҵʲôطķ洦ą̊́巽棬һǸҪȡжʱѾڰнϼŸչˣڰչϼŵ˭
⣬Խ쿴һ۳ӷ磬ӷȴ̩ɽΪȻ
ȻѾȥ˵飬˵ٶҲûáֻߴңڱĺƽǰеĲӿӷ棬ɳа˴ĸˣӵĸˣǣҹ֧ıҹδϣܼŬǽľϰҪãʱʱ̱̿Ÿ񣬸һõĽ
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Խ˵ĵһ֣ǳӷ磬Ҳɣȴǻƴţ

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Ǿκνڡ
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ɽͷ˵սӵָӣԱ⣬ָҪΡ
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722 ɳ
һ峷ְʹĻڵ˶Ϊ֮һ
⵽ô£սսӣô˵ͳˣңսгɽ֮⣬ÿһɶ̫ӵΪĸ쵼˲ΪԼĶŮеôһԽ«ʲôҩ
˵ˣԽ̸죬ǣ㲻ף£ǰҲǺ֪ģ
ڳ侪ȣȴһ˸ʸΪʲô֯ľҲЩ˸ʵġ
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Խ첻ڳκ˵ıĵۣ˵սӱˣʡһҲûˡӷ磬ϵľװľΣʱ
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723 ؼ
ղһһƬʣҲһвʺĳ֣ܶʱ򣬻ȱڼӵƣ
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ӷϲһƤȥԼαװõʱЦ鲻õʱ򲻻װȥЦӷСĻйذɣԺյݣȴȹʮݸӲݸ̫һת䣬ûиıӷ̬
߳ྩվѾһĶУһѣһĵ˳ԼУһıԼһ뿪Լӷ粻ɵ̾˿˫ΧɨһȦΣһ˻ġˣˣɸûˣȴ
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724 У
ǰФǾԲὫУ԰ģѧݿűѧĻӰҲ̫ãᱻ˵ĵġɼȻѾҵˣѾμ˹ФҲȥɻ̫ࡣ
պųУ԰ʱҲûѧȥ⣬Ͼڵǿˣѧļͥǳã˽Ѿʲô֮ˡ
У԰֮Фٶȼ߿ѧУǸп֡
ǵĸյﱨʱһǸСѾͷǸʱľһİãԼİǰɵұҵ֮ȴ֣ҵİãѧĶõȥκã
Фϵĸ߲ɼྩѧһģֻϧûгרҵȥߣҵ֮Ϊԭרҵãһ·
ʵ룬෴ġ뻹Ҫеģһ붼ûУרΪǰţǾһ嶼ûˡ
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ϴҿ˰ɣǿɶǵûҪԼ鷳ɡ
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Ѿǿݵˣ½ô꣬УУᵽڵѧԽԽѽˣԽԽѹˣ
У㿴һҲ̫ˣǵģåġ첻úѧϰˣڿϵңŹʦŹͬѧֱЩ࣬治֪ôѧУģ
Уڵĺӵȷѽ˵㣬ʱ̣Ҳܷѽÿһѧ޿δֻҪǽǽˣǵǰ;ͻޡ˵ˣ˵Ǽѧȫк̨ģǶҪˣûҪĽڹϣȥˡ
ѵк̨Ϳ𡣱һ㱾¶ûУƾʲôô³һѧɱһҪöˣȻҲ˺ܶ鷳ǽ鷳ࡣ
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ʦĴҸǣٲҳӷΪʲô̿ôãʲôطĻǾû˫ˡ
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ҲܣһҪҵҲȫϰࡣ
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ӷ߽ңЦղŲ˵ҪϿˣòҳȥɡ
ӷվȫͬѧǰЦλװͬѧҺֻˡ


726 ˽У԰
ΪӷĹϵȫ඼ûϢʱ䣬ÿϿλϿΣеͬѧԹˡ
ڼӷȫͬѧ̬ͷת䡣
ӷԴӽྩѧЩ飬ǽǼνĹӸˣ֮һ֮Ŵѧķӷ֮УѾΪһ񻰣ͬĸ͵ģ˭ģ
ڣȫŮƵģȫΧ˳ӷ磬Ƹ˸Ƶڵء
ƷǸ˳ӷĻڱϾϿΣеȫҰ
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ФĵһŮѧĿһĵλڼȻŮ˵ˣеͬѧɢ˿
С̣ȻӷѾˣͱΪЩѧܡѧˣǺúϢɡ
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ŮʦǱǸΪе㼱£ȥһ˾ǣûļҵĴ
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ӷھǵʱһ棬Ҳ֪֮ĹϵУңǷ죬аǰҲ˵Ӳڳһ߰ӣɼаһĽɫ
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аɫʱһ䣬ɱͬɢܿջأ˵˵ྩиһҲΪɡаǶǰĵˡ
ʲôϰҲ֪룬Ȼ㱱ùӿϣ﷽棬ҲӦûʺģҾͲϹˡ
Ǿưɡ


727 Ϲ
ĺڰ˵Щܲʲô֮ڣһֹ˾ʽھӪţ͸ȴ޴ӵõǵķ֤ݣһʲô
ɶȴͬӷûȥһãûнܲ͸Ϊǲ붫̫ۣ֯Ҳ̫ţĲֻҪڰУִЩ޷飬û֪ܲʲôطܳõķչȥ
νĵҪһڻ޷վ۷֮ǰʱҪݣʱһҪ͵òϣ㣬һܺõİҲֵöȥѧϰģ
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پմ̨͵֪ӷҲѾصྩ
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ǵġϾǸŮˣҲδӴڵϵ£Ȼ˺ܴһȥ̨壬ǲе̫ðˣ
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˶٣ӷ˵Էһ㻹Ƕŵ̨壬̨巽˸췴ĻҪȥֱ˹ȥɱһӰپˡ
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Ϲҿɲˣ˵С㲻ѽ˵ҸЩƵģҿɱЩǮˣ٣һšϹ·ء
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ϹҼгӷڳ֮ǰ̬̾תˣ˵λֵܣǧҪᣬҸСûֹϵղſĵ飬һҪŪüأ
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ԭФСѧʱ˰ܹǸʱĸĸΣ˭֪Ϲң֪ôľʹӰ˵ｫФ˳ڵʱ飬Фܵ˾ţеľˣԿ϶ǣϹҾФЩФĹϵǳãûкФ˵˱Ĳ԰Ͻ֮⣬ϹǸˣһѣ


728 򵥵ļһ
ػϣһСӣӵľͷһʽķӣסͨ񣬵ܶΪ׬һڷԣȴԼſڣһԷ̯ӣ̯Ϊ·̯Ҳ˵ǿͣǲʽ죬򵥵֡
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ϰ壬ɱС̺õʲôȥֵҼٷǮˡ
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ӷ˵Сհɣܸ㶨ġ
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Ф˵ȻϲЦȴסŵ¡ļ˴ûܹҲྩԴСѧʶʼԼԼģһͦġ
СѧʼԼԼ⻹治ѽ
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ӷЦһ£ФѵԼ𣡲ǸղŸϰǸ̺ǱФˮĶóȥϰļ۸أǿɶĹŶѽ
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СգȾһ
ҲȾơ
Ȳ衣
϶û𣿡
ֶ岻ãٺȰɡ
ФˣôգգԼѽ
ӷʵϹ֣֪ʲôģ
ѽɽҰˣϼ
ϹҲǴˣһһַǳرϡҹŴϹһգνŹ壬뱱һգһһֹ塣
ϹЦֵܵʷ治ЩҲ֪ѽҿûѧʲôʷЩҲûʲôȤ
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ϹҵľƱյߣһӷʳֹ֣ͣ
ӷϸ۲Ϲϵı仯һȴʲôûƵģֺһ׾¶ǣЦֵܣղ˵ʲôţ
ӷ˵ûʲôˣǻһСһףտְɡ
ӷһСڰ׾ƣٿ˿ϹңĵϹãһаһʶô򵥣иղķӦ


729 Ϲ
նФ˵ǹƣܸԼİˣдС浽ĺһҲһҸ˰ɡ
ԹɳӷͣȥKTV˻裬֮ͽФͻ˼ҡ
ӳԷKϹҺȵľѾˣóԷʱ˵ɣһ˾ͺ׾ƣڳKʱֺƿһƿƣڶѾˣϹҺûкȹӣųӷ磬ܵһҹ̯ϣּ
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õ˵ļˣܺȵģһͷһؼ֮ǰФ飬ȴФ˳ֵϹң治֪һôˡ
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ʵأҺȾǲġ
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Ϲ˵˵ҺҲǹʲôţŶ񣬺С¹ûͽ¹
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ڵûв鲻ѽǰʱĵʱһ¹ŴʱЩصĹңʮҽʮȫ˸飬ֻ¹ҸȤ
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731 Բ
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ʲôд治ڣѵ㻹ɴ˵Ļ𡣶ң統˵ЩǿߣҲѾˡǰʱྩѧ顭
⣬̴סЩ̬ļһͲ˵ˣ˵е㷢š

ӵԱĵ绰̸˹ȥ
ͬʱӷվʮ·ڱߣתȥλãĵҲѾ죬ȴûκε춯ڱ̷ǼŸϳǲ˵ǱѾ˵ʲô
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732 ҵľȻ
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ҲҪܲܳܵסôǿѽܳסĻڻ¡ܲסĻΪʧһˣڱըʬ޴棡


733 ƣź
ɽɽָǻɽ®ɽ㵴ɽָ̩ɽɽɽɽɽ˴߷壬ȫʥأǰܶС˵ҲϲЩɽɣ˭֪ЩƮߣȻҲЩɽУҶδ˷ֹ
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ȷӷƵ䲻ֻ࣬Ҫɹһҵˡǰ֮ĺϣǵǿţӷˣЩһ̫˵㡣


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ʦȥҲǸѽɽǼǴŸһ⣬˶֣ѵǾһֱȥ𣿡
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739 Ѫഺ
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745 ֶ
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746 ׸ʲô
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747 ˭˭
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ƽĳྩȴԵĸֵ֣ĲǸֵ֮ĶҲѪĽǳͭζĽǮÿһŽף
аĿǰҪģ򶫰﷢ƣҪҪȻϵ⡣
ò˵аֿʼѧӷˣʱӷ㶫ǼʹڲңаģʱӷͬһޣֻаýǮȥˣ
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Ϊ¹һ֮Ǿǧ꣬ӵеĶӵеĲȨҲܷ

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ˣڿʼߵˣѾҶĳԱˣģҶֵܡ֮ʲô£ʱЩߣҲҪ飬ɱɱ÷ϵķϡ
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748 ذھ
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ùӱһ³ӷֶΣ߽һ¶ȥӷģȴϣùӱӷˣʧǱڵʽ𣬻ӷ罫Щĵļһȫ˳ڣӷѾʼٶڶҲȫӷ˳һȫˣ
Щ콫еҡͷ̾͸а˵ӷûôöԸȲҪôǲںˣӷˣûؾǸ⣡
үҪҪȥྩһˣ
ûļ𣡳ӷҪͲãԲκλȴȱģ׼һ°ɣλùӣǾһˣһӷɱǽʬ˻ؾϾҲʶһ
컰䣬ſ˵ʲôʱ˾ˣѵΪûһ˫ȣҲСˣ
ʲôˣ
Ȼתͷڷſڣһꡣ걳ǽһͭŽһװͷŴ
˸ү˵
ߵ˳ǹŴ꣬ȴϣһ֮ڣˣֱӵ˵ϣûԷôֵģ
´һŴ꣬Цذھĸ֣棡


749 Ѫϴưһ1
֣֮֮ң
ӷһеȷģ˭Ҳ͸
֮ʲô˶УЩİҲȫ˶֮УеΪԼģеΪ˵ȴʱģЩĵļһڶĻ綼Ǹǣӷ綼֪ЩĵģЩʲôˣ
авò˵ҲǸˣȻӷתĿ죬űа֣׾پͽЩĵļһˣⳡС͵ϷУ˭˭˭ֱ˭ˣ˿̣Ѿ˷
ܲӤҰվڳӷߣĺĳԱҲѾȫλپҡ뿪˾֣û˸ǼҲ֪صྩ
пˣԭΪʲôû뵽ȻǸаЩ뷴Ļ쵰ȫˡ
׹ЦԼӵ֮˵ĵ绰̴Ӻݸྩ·ȴû뵽֮ӷһ绰Ǽһַص˸Եĵϣ׼ϴڲЩһ
а²£Сôܲµĵ
ӷεľİţɺϣаĻӷ绹벻ַ
ȻڲЩҵļһѾˣڣǲǸöˣپʵ
ҲʱһˣǧҪСģΪһԵĵˣǺڵϵȫǴжսϻĽɫǾսϵĥѾӲĵˣеĵһҪ죬һ˿ĳɣģǡ
ˡǾǾˡ
ӷյͷֻ
һ绰֮󣬳ӷɫ䣬һ˫ɭɭһ˵ȥһҽԺ
ྩҽԺһVIPڣФںĵڲߣŵģФ
ФһֻŴʯ࣬ͷҲɳڻ֮У
ʲô£
ڵĳӷҲû˭кˣФӼʵ
ӣСС
ۺᣬԼŮԲѣĸ׵ģ֪жʹ
ǳСӰൽܿ죬ڻؼҵ·ϳ˳Фں̾˿˵ӲõģҽѾСûΣգֻǶ˼ڹǣҽԺסһʱûˣ
ǸĻ쵰ƺݳһҪͽ

ˣ˶ѾץˣҽԺСɣСûǾͷˡ
û£
ӷɭɭФϿ˿˵ûô򵥡
ӵ˼ǡ
չСɣҳȥ顣
뿪پȫվ˲֮⣡
ѧûʲô°ɣپʵ
ǺأϢҲǳǿʱͲ̫Ծˡ
˵ѽ粻££ǸҪֵʱ£ɴˣ
ӷ翴һʱ䣬Ѿ賿һˣµģֻȴһ
ڶ绰ӷɫһ䣬Сʱ֮󣬳ӷļҡ
磬ʲô£
ѾˣǵùˣȻ

ѽӷ磬ҿСıʱɾûˡڵ湻ݵģ͵͵ɣȻҪҵӶˡ
Фͬʱ£Բɺϣ
ӷ˵磬ɼ˱㣬ȲҪȥϰˣڼš
ӷ磬ǲǳʲô£
ûʱͣҵĻ׼û⡣ڻеҪ죬ˡ
ӷ磬ԼҪСѽ
߳ңپǼСȴš
ҹƣһǸаɵġ
˭
޳˵սӵϢԷѾռ1912ưһ֣ҲȫۼǱߡ
ưһ֣аǼһﻹѡط
ӷһֱֻ˭£
ȻֻѾˣҲ֤ٳˡ
顣
ֻһңӷıļΪ׺ݣ˵ߵ˶ҶаǻĲͷˡ
ɱ1912
û˿ԥӷһӣŭپټõ
Ѿλˡ
ףǼõλûУ
ǵѾȫྩǡ
ܺáڣǰ1912ҽǾưһ֣Ѫϴˡ
ǣ
аۼưһ֣ΪüǾưһѹ
ӷŭȼգҶԼߵˣаҪģԲԼǸаˣҪѪϴ1912


750 Ѫϴưһ2
ԭȺӵ1912ưһϣһӰÿһҾưɣȴţھưڣҲһͶûУÿһҾưɵķԱӰ
ӣѾֿˡ
ϰټа̸֮ϵаڵľưɣ߱а
аرĺƣ϶źɫѪһ׺ݵı飬תͷһư֮⡣
ۼ˶
ϰشԼҡ
٣ǲǸˡǵѾ˰ˣôֻ
ӣѾĺˣķۼĶֻٶ㣬Ҳᳬˡ
ӷ絽ڸʲôѵ治ҷ𣡡
аĿʼ֪ӷĻֶεġͳһϷһսӷõķöַʤԼа˰ӷȴֻۼݵһ
ôϣҸӷһսӡ׼ãڲеͬʱѹؿغãҲϣ˳ӷ֮⣬ܴǰ
ģǵȫǴжսϻģǰ湫Թǹֵֻ꣬ǶԸһЩڵɫκ⡣
̬ѾˡҪ֪սսϵӦ֮ڵкڵϵֶΡ㽫սϵһװᵽڵǵ˿ɲ㽲ʲôǰ壬ǻƣӲͬĽ͵ϮǷӦģѾԶĺڰˡ
ӽѵǣһԸˣʮ־ģˣҲóӷߡ
ǵסӷ硣˭Ҳ׼ȥֹס
ϰûٶ˵ʲôֻ룬ԼλѾǿˣжսϣ漣ɽ죬һӷ磬ȴһնûУѵǸӷͷ۲ɣ
ϰ߳˾ưɣͬʱֵϣѾһƬɱ֮
һսŸոտʼǰĲǵһͷ죬ԣаҲʱȥӭսҪһսҾưɡ
һ˺ȾƲ𣿡
ͻأһ˵ھư
а˫һת֮УԵľš
ԼʵԼ֪죬ˣҲ˳ưɣԼȴһûѽ
ʲôˣҪͷ¶βģɡ
ажԷȻ֪ĳԼԼ֣ǶԷʵ;Լ֮ϡ
ʱ򣬲Ѿǵˣа治ϣ֮˻ǵˣһսԼʲôطȥˡùӣҪôţ֮䣬Բǵˣ٣ڲǡ
һװֳͭŽ겻֪ʲôʱ˱аߣûߣ뱱аһλľ룡
аһȻתһǿսɱ棬Χűаȫ
˵ԣѾ㲻ˣҪԸӷ磬ܻһ㡣
ߣаȻҲӵǾ˵Ҳһߣ
һ۵ԼߵݣñаǳԾΪһֱаԹߵݴģжսϣھǵʱ򣬶һˣ֪ߣ죬ΪǸߣ
ǡ
аҪȻǶԷݣȱа꣬ѾԷ䣬һƣϣһء֣
һƣסñùӣڽаסģϵǸء֡
ڵˣ
װһЦʵԼã
ģ
ûлشװĻа˵һ⡣
죿λӺֻܵһ˰񡣡
ǵذ֡
ǰɡ
֪ذʮϹ⣬ڹ㶫ӷɱ㣬һǵذھŵĸ֣Ǹеͭɣ
װЦҵذԱޱȣظв¡û뵽Ȼ֪ҵţӣ㲢ôѽ
˵ϻкĿģ
Ҳûʲôռ죬Ҿˡ
Ϊһİɣ
ȻǡаӦûǵģ꣬˭㰲ھǵİɣ
Ȼǵġ
Ȼ㰲ھǣκ֪ݸȻôġڣ㻹δãˣһѪɾͰ׷ˡ
ھǣû֪аݸǼλүҲ֪Ϊ걱аǱڵھǵģ
ҪĶһûõ
ȻҪĶ㻹ûõھͻģڣӷɱ㡣
ѻ˵ôǵذʮ˵ʵԶ֮ĹУʤֻһ˲䣬ǸʵûĹϵȻӷɱϹ⣬ͬͿɱ㱦档
Ϲô˵ǸŮˣڳӷãңȴͬ
аȥǵذʮŮҪģɱӷ磡
òϣһ֮Ҫɱӷ磬ȷǼ£ܰɱһסŷġ
аΪһŮˣֵˣ㣬ôġ
ܰɱӷ磬һҵңӵǼ֮ˣҲѾ֪ˡ
һ⻰ʵʲôطǲ
ҵɵӣҸ㣬ҵĴҲûκˡȰɱӷɣҴӦ飬һ쵽ҪĶҲһġ
ͭŽֽһգͭŽһǿҵĽưеľƸӣȫ˷飡
ˣһüֵôҲ˳ۣҲܶҡ
аᣬֻǸ㿪Цѡ
˶٣ЦѾˣӭĿ˰ɣ


751 Ѫϴưһ3
پеս̴һ˵š
׵սһ˵˫֡
֩սһ˵ʺ
׷ս磬֮ʮ˫۾ѾϹˣ
ʯͷˣ޳ɡ˸յóӷ߱񲻾ãǲս֣ƾŸԵĿҲն
1912ưһ֣ӽͷβǲͬľưѾʬ壬ҲȴҲûģûк˵ģ·ߣɱ⣡
Ⱥ֮ͽǴжսϹսʿ¶е㾪ţԹССս۵ǣڸƴɱҲ㣬籱а˵ǰ㣬ڲսڵϵɱսȻͬսϣҲһʮĺݽɫҲһ죬ɺڵϵսĲ£֮ڣҲԷĵѾǺڵ֮ս졢׼ݣͲ˿ӦĻᣬ˷Χϣţ͸Ȼй˵߰ٵ
Ѫζ֣ˮˮѾѪȾ죬صʬ壬һĻγһССɽ壬ȴû˿ֹͣеĵǵһ˫ȣΪΪĵʶνɱ񣬷ɱ
һչֳʵη壬ֻǰ棬ΪһƬĽɽ
پף׷꣬֩룬ʯͷˣ޳ɡ
ߴߴսŸÿڵΪһӽֿڳβɱȥһӽβֿɱκһڣҶߵˣ죬ҪѪĴۣ
ͨͨ죬ΨһҲѪԵʮְͬⳡѪսеԴ㡣
ӷ֮ǰȻȥһ··ǳͨྩνĴɼҲྩǵˣϳӷ·ΪྩѧУ
ưɵ򿪣аںȾƣ·ǰĵˣûκεвƵġ
óӣѵ·ǮûôĻ˵һһƣһء
аۿȥ߽ưɵĳӷ磬ʵڲǴе̫ү
ʵڱǸ̫ˣ㴩··㱱ùҲӦаɣ
аɫѿԱߵıЦУǵļǰңҲйǶʱ⣬ʵѽ
ӷҲûȥʱݣȻҲһԼѣԼֺαȥأ
ѽѧʱһΪõӡλҲɣ
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һǽȥһ£ûˣʵ̫ˡ
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ּҼǰѾˣǱõĻһ᲻мһЦɼȻ㣬ҲЦ㣬һҪ͸㡣
䣬ӷֶһһӣһҪͬơ
ֶӦʮ顣ãǰʱõһ飬ҵĶҲȤת͸ɣճһԡ
濴ŽӹƣɫҲѾ˱仯
һУǵһû뵽һҪµӣҺ֪ôģ
ܼ򵥣˵Ҫµˡ
һ䣬˵˵Ҫй⣬ϱ˹âӣеҪһ㡣
˲һζȥ񣬵ÿʱҲԲذھţͭŽմ
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һϣӵ𣿡
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һһȥģͽа˿ùȥ
˵ϻӷ磬ְɡ
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Ӱ˳ӷ󣬾ӤҰһѶ󵶣һ˫̵ʱ׼ս
Զ˵ҳԿˡҲ˵ÿʱһܿڵڰھŵĸ֣𣿡
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ܺãҲλϺҲǵģǾλϺȼɣӦλôӣñϺĴ



752 а
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Ȼģһ棬ƾӷΪ˵ȷϹĶ֣һ£Ҳǳӷе˶˵飬Ǳǣӷ󲻵ĵƣ
񾳽磬ɽֻһڵذĸ֣ڻ񾳽磬񾳽Ҳиеף֮ǰϹ⣬Ϊǻǰڣ棬Ϊͬǻǰڣ˵ڵذϵĸ֣һΪͬһ𣬵ΪͬΪĸ˵֮䣬ģѾΪϵĸߵˣǷӦϹ⣬ǵذзӦģԲŻһλ
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ӷɣԼ֪뾳Уܣɽ٣ߵģ˵ɽ٣е۷壬磬磬ǸΪ֪Զ磬Ÿߵļ࣡
ӷ롢£֪䲻֪Ǽ٣۸Զɽ˵óӷѪѣǰ뵽֪Ϊ۷徳磬ֻҪ۷徳֮󣬲лʹĳӷڵѪѣƾ˵ʲôˡ
ǧǧ磬ʮӷߵ˽һ֪ģǺѽպţһеһУһһչڳӷǰ
ӷ磬죬ҾҪΪ𡣡
˵ʵ˵ǸһǳʲôˡǣҪĻǲģʱǷӲҪȢĻҲɱǣҲͲϽһս˵ǸŮˣӲΪȷˡ
˵ϻѵҲµʱ𣿡
£ޣɲҲû¹ƾ㣬ʸ񡣡
Ǿͱ˵ôˣְɡ
Ҫսұսɡ
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аƿһԱһʱ䣬аڵȵڳӷ֮£ڣȴӷͬǾ磡
ǵǰ죬ϹҲͬķģڣаҲѵַǸĶ֮
Աߵı桰Ŷһ˵ԭ˵ģЩһԽҾΪӣǸ¹治ѽѹôʱ䣬ҲҪҵ¹֮أ
ӷаΪͬһ磬֮ǰϹҵΪȴûȾ磬ӣаϹңҪǿĶ࣡
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¹һһһааģȻҪǿ٣
ɱѾСư֮ڵȴپ󲻵ġ
аûκεûʲôӣӦһ˫ָһ˫ţôӷҲܻʲôѽаΪͬӷҲԿȥռаıˡ
а˫Ȼſǿסȫ漴а壬ȥ˵׼ȷһ㣬䣬һǿƶϷͷ·һСɽаѹסƵġ
ৣৣৡ
аϵɢ磬ھưڲͣƻټӲƷһаļ綼ΪУ
ƻ֮˺ݶĹҲаɡ
ӷסӣűаʩչĹֹǷſֽųǰģǿȥˣùе˵аҪӷƴڹ
˵аӷҲᣬ׾뱱аԡֻ׾ҪŷȲܷӳԳӷòϣΨʱó
˫ڴ̫һӷ˫֮УðһǿҵĻ򣬻ǿ֮ӭ˱аļ磬˫֮ھưڲͣײţʹľưڵһа裬ȫΪҽ
˫ûȥаһֱͶڳӷϣ뿴ӷһôĽ׶Ρ
˵ȹǰδܿϧȴ籱а
׹Ǹ߼ģаĹȥҪǿܶ࣬ȥԿģǳӷ硣
ӷ磬ٲó汾һӣڱа֮֡
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ǹƽһսҲֻ˵ҵĿˡ
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ʲô
⻰ӷĺ
֮õĶһʲôͨĻɫڣӷûʱȥЩ
˵ûٲóֶһսҪˡ
ӷһЦһǿ˻ڡ
ľۻʾʱãѵȱаռ˾ԵϷ𣬳ӷûôɵ
ʲôⲻܣ
а󾪣Լ壬ȻӷѹסˣѹƣԼѹͬʹԼһҲˣҲѾӲģ񱻿סƵġ
ƾаΪӷͬһ𣬿ǣӷľۻʾ꼶ĹϵľۻʾȻҲ֮ˣ
䡭
סҾưɣͷţ棬ӵվ˼Ŀųӷ磬ǿĹСʲô
ӷһЦڵĹ
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аӷľۻʾѹסֵĻᶼûˣΪĲ£֮ľ̫󣬱аӦˣ
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⣡
ֵӷĻˣаȻһףڡڱ棡


753 
аҲǸߣȴûκεķİ˵ǾԲڱģ
ӷǿ󹦷Ѿа֮ѹа֪ԼǾԵвӷ˵ȹģҲѾȫףΪʲôӷôʱһĵ˸ɵԭӷĹ˵棬ǿ
˵ǱаΪ˻񾳽ı棬ӷĹһ亹亹Ŀ죬ȥҲ죡
ǿ󣬵ܿϧΪԼԦ˵ȹ
еͭŽѾɢ֮ǰӷԲᵣı֣ɳӷȴû뵽ԭڱаϣ֮ҪĶһ鷳ɾʹˣ
ڣҲɵϣ˵аһڣ͸ƵĹȥæ
֪Ѿ򲻹ӷˣҪҳ֣ͱȽҡ
棬ٷϻǲὫģˣҲԶòҪĶǸʱŭһҪģһ㡣
Цһ£ԼɵаҲɵӣ֣һҪˣ
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һֱűľ˽еһӣֱָ档
ƾҲңǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
ӷ粢þȥ棬֪ԼҪ涯ҲҪһеοǾˡղ֮Ҫ˶ű棬ֻӣƲͬˣӷ纰ȴ뿪
ǲܶһˡ
ǲĶ֣ٲ߾ˣ
ӷ磬ʵڱǸѾˣ
棬ѵڵذϵĸֳֻ֣֪һԶҲ塣
֪Ӳµģܽ˱ǰҲǰϹⱨ˰ɡ
棬Ҷˣұ֤㽫ȫʬ
ûõģ˵а򲻹㣬ҪڶԸаͬʱˣǿ±ȵ컹ѡ
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ͭŽ৵һϣٶ֮죬ѷڳӷһӳнݺǧ֮ʵҾưɶ䶯
ӷ´󼱣ۿһҪȡԼǰȴһаҪˣѾˣ
аɱ㡣
棬㻹ʲô
û뵽㱱ùҲµʱ򡣱ģڣˣ
ৡ
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ӤҰ˫ķǳ󣬵ȴ޷ۿӲ֪ʲô
ڴ˿̣ưһڹ⣬ڹдһͬɢһϢ
ͻȻܵ˸ӦƵģǰʱһת䣬Ȼ湥ȥ
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浥־ٽһԼĽȥҺɡ
һǿҵӱͭŽϷһСɡǵ㣬һɫͷǰγɣգۼ䣬ȫƽ⣡
ʲô£
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ʲô
ǰͭŽȴϣһȥ룬ߣ棡
ǳ죬֪ĶӵеϢȴȱҪǿҵĶ࣡
ӷаǴ󾪣˫ڶ֮ڣ󹥻
ӷ磬ǹ
аӲųӷǿܶȴβסʵ
ҸĹһ治֪⵽ǹ
ӷ绰䣬ѾװΧڵı治ͣţҲе
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ذǵذ֣Ĺ½ΧҲ׽Ƴ
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755 º֮ս
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ڼʶνĵذ֣ԭҲܵķݣ
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ӷںԺ߶һᣬʵʲôĹаΪʲôҪõ
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ڴڣʼǱǰӷ˿򿪱ʼǱԣһ硣
ƵڣһŷŮɣ𷢱ۣòڣһĹ
ô˻Ϣѽ
ǿڿǴء
Ұʱˡ
ڵйӦϢʱ䣬ôϢ
շ˵飬еʧߣҰġ
ܲڿᣬӦÿ쿪ˡ
䣬Ա˵ӷ𣿡
֣ҡ
۳ƵУѾʮĿʨҲ޾Ĳɣڣ
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˯ţһ㡣
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ӷɫе԰ףѵϹ˵ģ
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˾ţλعҪȥһ̩ɽ
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ȥ̩ɽʲô𣿡
ôʱȥѽүүҪһ̩ɽһԭ̵Ķ
̵Ķ
ǵģ̵ļױ
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һ仰˵֮Ҹүүع˵ʱһ̩ɽɡ
ӷһ۷̩ɽȺսԼĸף£Լĸ׵֪֪
֣ʵ
ˣʲô˵ˣȵ̩ɽ˵ɡ
ӣӦ֪ˣҪ̩ɽ˵ʲô˵ʨһҲη壬֮ѽ
үү˴뱲ӣҲ˰뱲ӣ½֮󣬽ţǨعɡ
Ҳһ㶣ȴЦ˵ӷ磬ڳˡãģ½֮ҾͽŽ㣬Ǩع飬Ҳ㸺ҾͿˣ
Ӷ˼䣬ӷߵɫҲ
Ƶϵ㣬ĳ´ϲͣЦ
ܲãôģǲѾͨˣ۵İ칫ʵ
ˣǳˡʼŹ˾Ǩйһ˭Ҫԣ̸ʰˡ
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759 ػ
ȻѾȷʮ壬Ҳʮʮ̩ɽ֮УǾ֤ϹԷǼ١
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ȻԼĸ׼Ҫ۷Ŵ֣ôӷ;ԲٵõκεԼĸκεв
ҲٴΣȴû뵽֮£Ȼסôһˡ
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˭뵽ֵط羰ѽƳϹ֮⣬ûɵˣ
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Σյĵطȫġ㽫ЩŶǱ˷֣һЩ͵ģԼ鷳û˻Щġ
ЩߵʲôطϴЩȥҡǵǰģһȥຣ棬ڻϽЩһţ³ʱ־ȻһҲû١
Щ֪һǧĻ챻׷ɱ
νˣЩ֮ǮûκȤ
ȻˣΪʲôҪȥ¹
ҸĸԼҸλȵԸҲС
㲻˵ĸĸ𣿡
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ԣҪȱаһҵ¹ҲѾ϶˵飬ʲôʱ
ڳѾˣҹűаǶѾɳĮ
ʵأڵͼ˵ֽţаҵģǸʡѣҪһôʡһʧĳǹɱȵ컹ѡ
ӷЦµдһС˵ɣ¹ʲôط
Ϲ˵ػ͡
ػͣʡȪϽһؼУҹʷĻǣҲ˿֮·Ҫ
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ϲʧ٣һ겻֣СҲҵġ
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ѱа浱ɵӣڵͼֽţѵǾͲ֪ΪԼһҹƣྩһߣֻҪһ뿪ྩǣǾͻ֪ġ
Ҳ˵Ҫ͵͵ĳˣ
ûҲ𳵣ɻ͸ˣ
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ңӷҲỳϹһģյˣ֮ǰİԼԷЦΪģǷҪԼȥ¹ż
¹ĹѽҲ̫쿪˰ɡ
ӷЦһʵΪڴģ˶ػ֮УҲǴ˵е¹ǣʮ̩ɽ֮Уʱ۷и֣ԼľŹùڣۼǵȳ棬û˼ΪҪǣӦҲŹùõ


760 Ѱ¹
γӷûʧ٣ǽФȥѧУ˼٣ȻǼַ飬Ҫȥһˡ
ܶͬѧʼƣӷﵽʲôģôѽÿһλȥǲ̵ʱ䣬У£Ҳֻһֻ۱һֻۡвͬѧڻɣӷҽڳȥ׬ǮȥˣΪྩѧдԣӷǸ¶ûм˵ġ
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ӷ뿪ྩǺ󣬾ڹһǰĳ;ҹʱ䣬ڵ֮أҲǰĿĵأػ͵ҹʱ䣬ʷĻ֮ǣ
ػģĪʯ߸ڻʯУз񣬶ЩڻҲǸйصġȻʵйŴŮıڻ
طһжҪ͵֮κγͷ飬ͺ׽аǸй
˵ӷϵаҲܿҵػģһͶһҵ³ǵϣ
֮صĻɳصģ˵ǶػɳĮĳˡɾּػͣȴӭ˺ܶοͣӷÿһܼȫضοͣ
㣬ĺܺˣ˵ǲϵƭˣܵطҲԲãסĵطǻݣҲ̫˰ɡ
һұ͹ڣһڳ緹ҲǸոյģŮҲ١
һԽΪ۵ģҪģҪг࣬һǵûκεĻʹߣҪߣÿһ顣
͸˵ػֻͣ뿴һҹʷĹ񹤣ƫƫҪһͲڵ¹ǲ̫ˣ
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Ǹѧѽôúѧܵˡ
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СѾͷ˵ؽһǷǵأղǸСѾͷ˵ûǻ뿪ΪΣյġ
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໹ǵһʲôк֮۵Ļʲô˼Ӧʱ߾ȻƾʧԼǰ


761 ϲį
ӷػѾһˣһʱ䣬ͽⲻСĶػ͸ת˸飬ȴϹҵӰû
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ûϹҴ·˵¹ǰƬɳĮӷ綼߲
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ڴ˿̣οʹӳӷ߾ֻһο˵˶׼һ£һǾͽɳĮ¹
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Ҳһĵطɣ
аӸ߰ԲֵܵطġֻҪｫһϣһ͵űаǣȻǵĺ棬벶ȸں󣡡
Ҫסһ
ǺǣͽͰɣһϣ͵ˣ
ӷΣȻСʲô඼ԹסֵطǴϻΣͷһأ
Ǿ˯ˣɳӷҲûȥ
Ӧñ絽һ죬ûзʲôԾĵط
аǻ絽һأļһΪڵͼֽžûҵĵģû뵽аȻȺڵӲ¹ľλø˳
ЩҪ˵ˣ˵ҲûáֻҪңа¹Уûʲôаû뵽
ɾͶˣߣߣ壬һߣӦоУ
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⻰˵꣬ͼӰԼ˵Ϸһţ
ɣ˵ʲôţϣį


762 ٰ֮
Ӱ˻ϣ˫ԣɱʱΧʮ׷Χȫ
ӷһ䣬ȴſϷ
һе¹û뵽˶Ѱߡǰҿ㻹ȥıȽϺãһˣɳĮ֮Уû˸ʬ
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Ķ棬վŵһԼĵʮ֮ˣ˻ɢһǿľγһϣ˭ҪͱȽԾγɵϸƳ
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ѾͷʱҲ֪Ȱ˵Щοȥƾ㣬Ϸ򲻻ôġ
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μҵ˵ȻǰͨҲϻˡȻҶΪ¹ûҵ¹֮ǰһжǿ̸ǴΪβһߣҵ¹֮ôȥֵ¹ıء
ҵ˵ͬ⡣֪ǰΣ
ЦϷѾδЩСˣȻԵҲûʲô˵ġϷȣ¹еĶϷֻҪһʲô鱦ϷһȤûС
ֻҪһҲ˵ҪĶ¹ģ
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˭֪ѽ˵֪¹Ӧò࣬ʲôأ
ȱˡаҲڰжء
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ȻȱǷˣǾڰ֮ǣҵ¹֮ǾΪǿ
˵ףǸ治öԸѽ
ΪҸߣܶʱ򿿵ģӡ
Ѿ뵽Ըķˣ
ӷ˵ͷ˵ԸɱȶԸϹ׶ˣ


763 δ
ŸػʹССĻϣۼһοͣЩοͨˣҲرʿɲһˣڶͬһ£ǱҽͨߣǴɳĮϵĽͨߣգ
ССĶػͣƽҲο۹⣬ĳ滹ǵһΣԣûôգ˸Ӳգֻǳ⣬ҪһѺܽմߡȻȻЩοȥɳĮģϾƬɳĮ˾οͲͬΪοǵİȫһ˸ŻõĶࡣǣػ͵οͶһĿģѰǴ˵е¹ǰôྺѾͷʹˣôͬõ˸أ
νȵȵãοͣȻ⵽˴ɳĮеĽͨߣҲܾ˵˵ĺ⣬ҪǴ·ЩοͣͬӷǣյӰӶûˣ
Ѱ¹ӷϹҿɲҪڵЩͬοΪһаΪڶӷϹңҪűаĺ棬һ벶ȸں
Ϊ˲Լһҵ¹֮أ⵽յģû⵽յģѾ峿ˣãĴҵҲѾ̤˴ɳĮ
еοͽɳĮػֱΪԭİʱа棬ڳˣ
ϹǼһﻹеСڵͼֽţڸʡ˺ü춼ûһҲȻϹҸһ֣ҾͿԽȺڵҽ¹ĴԼصҳ
˵磬ûв鲻飬Щ˼ǧĵطҳ
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˵ӷ磬ܿ϶ڻྩǣ
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죿ǿɾӰҲˡ
ûƬԤ𣿡
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ߵ㵽˵֮䣬ǰɳĮһС͵ɳ
ʲôɳô˵
˵˵ʲôڽɳĮյͼϵ·ߣһɳġɳ˷ʱ䣬ֱӵɳȥٳ
ӷһ£ô˵ڵһɳĮȺԼʶģңҲѣȻԼ֪Щ˽ɳܵʲôûѽ
ϳ֪ͨɳ顣
αأЩ̫أ΢עһԤĻͲѡʱˡң֪ͨǸҵŮˣһᱻаֵġ
˶٣Ϲ˵ҲõģҵǸŮǸߣɳӦòµġ
Ҳ¸㣬֮⣬ŮˣҲʶǶͨˣһɳǾˡ
Σʶ˻࣬һ˶ػ;
Ϊ˲а淢Լӷǲܳ嵽аǰȥ֪ͨˣҲܿȥѽ

ӷ䣬ͼһӰڳӷɽǰһϹһ
ʲôˣ
ģҵˡ
ʲôʱߣΪʲôҲ֪
֪ˣӰǰ׽ˡ
ʲôԸ߷ӤҰʵ
ƹа棬ǰ˵УһŮˣһҪǶȹɳ
ǣ
ӤҰճӷֵ
ڡ
һƹаˣͬһȺУһ𣬵Ҫκ˴ϵҵ¹ȷλú󣬼ٳ֣μҸѦңҵ˸Ҹɵ

һɳӰӣΪһ¹ӷŲ
ϹЦ÷δСֻҪʱЩеļһȫǵľֻ֣баˡ
ˣȥ㣬ٳ


764 ɳ
һŲԼͬĳͬһȥĵطôžۼһһǳ֣οҲ൱Ŀģ֮ڣԽʶµѡ
һȺ˶ΪͬһĿģΪ˵õͬһۼһĻǾҪˡ
һ޼ʵĴɳĮУ֮䶼˵жԸУ㿴ҲˬҿҲˬкܶѾ˳ͻֵ飬ҲһˡЩʱֵģȻͨˣرʿŲ¹ľλöûҵͶ֡
ĴңǸһûյǣɳĮУȴЩյ˻Ҫ졣
ϣĴҾѾ̸ˣΪ˲ìܣܾˣҲܵõôʱһߣͷģȴĴҵκһңΪ֮˭Ҳ˭ģֻǸͷˣ
ǰΪʲôҪЩͨߣѵ֮У֪¹ľλ𣿡ʵ
ߵ˵ͷ˵Ѿػ͵ȫ۲˺ü飬ǵһһ¹ĵͼ
ͼǲӦ
ûǸҪֻҪŴͲҲ³ǵ֮ءǿҪһۣЩͨˣ˵ĶޱȵĶ񶾣Ϊ˴ʵĲƸǴҲѾ׼ɱˡ
ƿЦһ£˵ɱˣĵȷһ˫֣еʱģ˫ָӿ¡
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˫۾ߣȴʲô˼Ƶģߣָ˻ȥ
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˿̣ǰ˺ҿ쿴ʲô
ͻأһɳ֮˵Ķͬһʱͣ˽Ųȫɵ۵Ŀǰ
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ҿҵطܣ˽ȥǾˡ
Ҳ֪ʲô˴һʹȫ
һ޼ʵɳĮУʲôطǿԶܵġ
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˿̵ķӦ죬ɳѾ˹һʱת
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ƱǿԵһܿɳģṦ˵ԿɳδԼǰʱ˼׵ľ룬ƲûеһʱܣǰȥץסһˣץסһŮˣеߡ
μ໥һۣ˵ǹܲˣɳĮɲΪ˾˵ġ
ȴס˶μҵˣ˵˼һСѾͷ֪ʱ̾ˣЩһСѾͷ磬治֪νô̵ǵġ
һ仰Ҳ̳ǰȥˣμ˵е죬Ҳ͹ܲôˣΪֻܳ־ˡ
ܳʮףҲȫǰˣ˿̣ûȥѾܵˣ
Сãˣǰ棬ǰɳ
ôùɣǰУ⣬ôѽ
ǳϱܡ
ѽϱ߲Ҫȥĵط󲿶ѽڵĻǿܻƬɳĮ·
ô졭ãܲôˣܣ
㣬ңܲˣʲôסƵġ
ɳСãһҪסѽ
㣬ҡ
֣ס飬һӣͱɳ˹ȥ
Сá
㣬㡭
ᶼѾˣпɳȥģͬһ˽ȥ
һ߼䣬ͻȻоһֻץסԼļ򣬽գۼ䣬öѾɳ˿
֮ɳѾԼ߾ſһͱԼûҪСŮԼˡ
ŹȵûӦڵķӦҪ죬仹ţҲ˵лл
ȲлңҽôɳǷͷϿˣ
ɳ
ûֻҪɳһӣȻȥͲᱻˡסڵԽԽȫȥˡ
ãõģϾȥ


765 
ձ߸йŴ̿ͬ㣬һΪأԼȺ֮Уκ˷֣ΪݣԼ仯һˣ켣Ⱥ֮УԱʱ֣ԼĿء
һɳѰ¹˵֮һˣȫɳˣ𣬾Ҫǵˣһģܱطȥˣõģɳ֮СʣˣȻǰվ֮˵ĻɱڳӶ˽ȥӹһ٣رʿסɳϮ
û˻֣ᷢⳡɳȺжˣһһŮ˶ԴһûȥκˣҲûиκ˵Ůģ͸һ
ղŶлˣĻ治֪ô
ǸмŮߣŮ˵Լãˣᱻɳߡ
ŮȻǱӵӤҰһйӤҰҲ¸˵
ʲôлģҶΪͬһĿģҿɲȣ
õĻҸͲܵɳĮ̫ˡ
ںѾˡʱҪصĻ治֪᲻ϱΣգֻܸŴ󲿶ӣһֱǰߡ
ҲܺڣԼûܵɳĮʲô¹ѽСûˣ
㣬ǻ취ȥɣ
࿴˿Ѿһ޼ʵĴɳĮ̾Ѿ̫ˣػ͵ӰӶˡôԶغ·ģΣա
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ҵġֻܸŴһˡ˶ҲǸʲô¹֮˾ͻģ
ӤҰһЦһ˵ûôסڻѡġνຣޱߣͷǰ·ҲǰҪõĶ࣡
治֪ǺãǸˣĹ˵ʲôΪǴ˵е¹ǲͣǰȥ
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Ǻܺ𣬷˭ȥ¹ˣŸƳĵͼʲô
аûлش𱦽⣬ֻЦһ¡ڱаҲȫΣôҪһһ֪᲻Ĵ㡣
ĳӷϹѾ˴ɳĮһֱűаˣɳĮλǰȥ
ɳĮϵʱ·ȴеҪ࣬˴֮󣬾ƬɳĮҹƵģÿһ˶ǽƣϵˮҲѾȵĲˡ
һͻȻͣ˽Ųǰһ۵긾ˣǸ˴İóһŵͼָ밴յͼ鿴һº뿪ıķԭеģȴתˡ
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ΧŮҲͬʱγǹ໥֮ţû뵽Щһȫǹ
Ƽǰ˵λҲҪ嶯
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һ˵̫СеͼҲͼǼ٣Ҫҵ¹֮Ҳ൱ѵġһ취ȥҵĻͻϺܶࡣ
λС˵ûһ侲һ¡λҲҪ̫Сˣһ˵Ҳ¹ģҿǽͼóһɡ
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γЩ֮⣬ڰѽ
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ܿ찵ûϢģڴɳĮߣɱȰΣյĶࡣǣЫӣʲôģȫ
˵ڶ磬̫߹ͷ֮ʱͼǰȫֹͣ
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ҵˡǣʲôûѽ
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ҿһש
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ȫ˹ȥ˽ɳڿһשɳ֮С
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ͻȻƬɳĮǷ˵Ƶģʹ˶վȽţ
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ڵֹͣƬɳĮĵξȻ˱仯˷֣Լվĵطһɳ𣬸ղûɳģھȻɳɳм䣬ȫȥȥĵطһͷͷۣǣ󶴣ɳ붴С
ҿ쿴ҵˣһ¹ڣ


766 ȵ
а濴ǰһƬɳ죬ղŵ𶯣ҲѾ쵽ߣʲô£аȻ֪
ЩѾҵ¹ˡϹȥ˸ȵˡ
ǻʲôߡ
аԼٶȣ¹ڷȥ
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ڴ˵˫۶ĶǸͷɳ˿̣ȴһˣģϾû֪ôΣգ
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ӤҰӰһߵӣһѶ󵶣ֱָá
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ҵΪߣ̼䣬ĵסĴ̵ɱˣգۼɣʱ䣬ģǾˣǴ̿͵Ĳ֮ճǿģʱһãͻὥڶ֣
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ۡ
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ӤҰͬʱǰָߣ
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һЦû¹֮ǰϷ뿪ɱ䡣ʡɡ

ͻأһЦ˵ԭЩ˵Уд˵ȸ֡
䡭
ǵصĽϮɽǿϢ
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ֳǰͭŽ뱱аһ𣬳ߵĶ档
˷ղžӤҰˣһĻеͨ˶Ѿˣÿһ˶ҿ˵ֻɵۣ
ڵذ񱦽棬֮Ѱ¹ǰƾһΪҲԲͨĽɫȰ㻹ǺΪ֮ɣһѵõΪҪһˡ
ذ֣û뵽ڵذѾˡǣСӣΪ˻񾳽磬ҲϷͬ˭Կһء
ߵΪȻҲǻ񾳽磬ʲôͷ
⼸ڶţȴϣӰ˴Цлλҵ¹ڣҾͲˡҽ¹
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аһۿŭӷ磬Ϲңȵǣˡ棬ˣϽ¹ȻǾͰ׷ˣ
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аͬʱ߸Ҳ漴ȥͨˣڸͲ֪ô졣
㣬ղǺ˵ӷ磡
˵ҲˣѵӷҲ𣡡
㣬Ǹô죿
ȥȻΣյġ
ˡ
黰δֻ꣬һˣȫȥ


767 ƽų
ƬɳĮ֮£Ȼһ޴Ŀռ䣬˵ƬɳĮһ򳡵ĻƬռ䣬ռ򳡵ʮ֮һ
ӷϹǵһռģ漴а棬߸ǣҲȫˡЩͨˣҲһҪģɳǻˮ㣬ռ䣡
ú⣬ɳǰһĻĽռˣɵģ
⣬ѵǴ˵е¹𣿡
ʹĲԼ˫ۣȻ¹ĴڣǰǳҲ̫˵ɡ
һĹŴУͨͨĽɵģִУҲɻֽɵģڴɳĮ֮µĹųǣȴý̻Իĸݣ⣬һƽ
䣬ռǳӷ绹ˣļΧһп
Ȼǧ꣬ĳǳأģǰƽȴѾǲƲ
ƽԶḯõģǱһգƵĻƽǳӦ˱ը֮ƻŻ˲ƣ
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Ƶ˫ŲĳǰǴֿɵõĻƽǳ˹ȥǰʲôסƵģʹ޷ȥԼ˼ά
ڳӦģǳӷ棬ҲϹҸаӲЩͨˣͷ׷ߣ
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а֪֣濴ȥûа״ĻƽųǣͻȻͶȡһ˵ɼƽų֮УһʲôԼ󲻵ġ
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769 ڵĹ
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ɼ÷ݣɻƽкܶѾˣصɳһŲϵģһĽӡɳ֮УһĺǣЩǣȫ¹ʱľ
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ڣа䣬ڴ֮ĳӷˣоһǿͷų
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аһ˻ʹȻûܵõаҲʲôһʲô䣬пܻԼõɸ谭


770 ƽ
ӷѾܳ˻ʹЩɢڳвͬطͨˣҲȫۼ˻ʹ֮⣬֮⣬ÿһ˵ŲͬĽ鱦ӣûаܣҪĶȫˣֻܻܲ뿪Ǹˡ
Գӷڵ˵ſƬԶУʹĳӷȫĽʼ޷ɫҲԽԽ԰ˣղܳʹҪͷ̸Ʒš
аǵһܳģɳϵһĻ˶סˡ
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ڹ磬ҵǰѶѾٽıˣԭһּӲޱȵĻƽɵģڣǵжĵʹƶΪԼΣ
ԭ˵ûƽĲңģΪƽҧӡսϣƸ˵ĲҶͻϵƵǰѶɲͬһַǳرĻƽģҲʮģȫ£ҵڶѶرƽˣ
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ѽҪؼңʲô¹ѽһãЩˣô˹
еͨ˶ŵҪһеΧԼֻ·һˡ
а˵ôܣΪˣΪʲôԻ
˵Ǻǳйɵڻ᲻ʲôʲôڿǡ

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ӷӦ˵ǴǵİϢ֮أǶŭҲӦõġܶҲܸƵģжӳǶѽ
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771 
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ڽ֮ǰҪԸӷ绹һյģϾǶǧˣãܷӳ
ڣػƽвܿƵڳӷڲɢ˿γ˾ſƬſƬУʹĳӷĽ޷Ҫ¶Ըǿ൱˵Ǿһѽ
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ڣڵĽſƬɢĽΪһ壬ſƬĤݣٱˣĵſƬһйϵ΢һˣ˵Ǿ֮ˣ뵽ſƬпԴ¹ģ
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ӷɣǧǰ¹һҹ֮ʧģ֮ǰеʯɣĻǾ֤ƬƬγɵĻƽӣǳ¹ġ
߳ӷ統ʱԻƽӵ֪Ӧһ̶󷨣һ̶ʲôõģȻסʲôطģ򣬲Ե޹ȥʲô̶󷨳
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776 Ҫ
۴ɱĿųӷ綪ϵƣһ仯ðͷ̼ȫǱĽɫͷ̸ͲҪʲôǰλڵͷϴѽǾ˶ʮǰǳķ粨Ȼڲܽڸɼʵһôľ磡
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˵ǽҵĻǾԵ̫ʵˡ˵Ļת˼ҡСʦͽ̵ǣˣһҪʵʵĺӣԶòԼҪĶأ
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ڽر쵼ǰϺǼʲôֵ飬ֵǣҲ̫һ㣬ϰʱ䶼ûȫˣЩУмǲ쵼ˡ
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۹һЦ˵ⲻСԯСʲôʱҲϲˣ
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792 ı2
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793 ı3
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795 ľ1
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۵˵ͷԽ˵죬ŷ֮ҸҪȻһϺһǰһ㶫֮ٻŵ鴦ãӷӹ֮Ҿھ㡣
ô󣬵ĽŮô࣬ûҪʱ˷ҵϡ
ۿЦһ£Ҳ˵ʲôүǴкתҪ뿪
ӷǼįʮıӰһᣬԽ˵裬¸ʮҪһ̩ɽû̵ļױ
ȥȥɣҲԡ
ǣ˵̩ɽ֮Уңүү֣۷֣⣬۷ϵ۷֣Ҳпȫۼ̩ɽ֮ۡ
ʲô۷ۼ̩ɽʲô
ӷ˵ս֡Ѿ˶ҳ֮ģ˵̩ɽ֮У۷ϵĸ֣Ҫ״֣ܰҳҳ
Խˣȫųӷ硣
ưʵӷ磬˵Ŀġ۷Ҫ϶Ըһˣ
ǧȷȻҲ֪ΰһܲӦΣգٻеġν˫ȭѵ֣԰һ֮ټҾŹùãҲռˡңûʸǳ֮սﲻֵģ
ӷĻԽܳ˴Ժ
Ժ⣬۸ҪϳԽ캰һ¡
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¸̩ɽСһ㣡
û˵һЦȻϳȥ
ųȥĳԽ˫ȻĵʮҲˡ֪㻹ܲʮǰһȺۡһڷǰ棬ףһƽģ
Ϻһ֮Ե۱ǣ찲Ź㳡ʻָܷ紵򣬵ʮʮҹԼȴûг֡۵֪찲Ź㳡ʮʮҹУҵǸȴԼҵ׷ʹĳŭ죬һһɱذйϵˣȫ˵ѪϴڡǣԼȴûȥҵǸˣ찲Ź㳡ĳĿʻָĳۡԼҲĬĬ˵ΪˣҶǰע㣬һƽ


798 д
ŵļдᣬԼŷᣬȫ̹ŴƵĵʮ¥
ӹı𣬾Ѿߣ½½̹ŴƵ꣬㣬ȫļ߼һҲϣʲǫ̂ѽվѽֻ֮Ҫǹżͷεģȫܹˣкܶ߱ſڣΪһ֤ûУ޷̹ŴƵꡣ
ȻѾҪǨػعˣ뷽棬ȻҪΪⳡŷḺɳһ֧ӣ̹ŴƵ궼Χ˼֮⣬˵Ȳý룡
ʮ¥еļȻѾȵĲͷˣȴûһ;ģڼҲţɱΪԼһʱ뿪˼ҪĻ
ⶼˣΪʲôŵĴû֣
֮໥̸ţòǸɣ
Ӧÿ˰ɡֻǲ֪ŵĻʲôˣ
˵žص
˵᲻ż˵ڹڵӹ˾żΪεĴҲǺġ
ҲһϾ˲żüãżŵŵܹ˾Ҳۡ
һһȥģ˿̣ͼһԺ±ڣʱк±γվ֮һɫװˣ˽
ɣŵĴڵˣмߵȫˣ±ǵмǰ
˼ⳡдᣬֻñʼأգҲӰ
±ڵĻм߶벻
мд᲻յѽſ֡
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һŵģšЩļ߲ûȴŵ˺˵˾Ƶ֮⣬ƵʸûУֻдйߵдᣬĻЩз֮
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λʲôְλ
λǲҪҽһ£
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λŵĴȴһ鶼ûУȫߣһЦҲûУڼ߿Ǻεȵĸ߰
ǵʱ򡭡
ŵĴڿ˵ˣеļȫ죬Ϊڵǲǣ
ǵʱһƬƺ̲ŵ²ŽɳŹˮҵǰǸʱʼҾ룬ʲôʱҵֵ£ҲӵˮͣĴҵǰȴֲʧֻҪһ仰ǰġ
˶٣˽˵뷨ʱңÿһʱ򣬶ǣ뷨ĸ֪󣬸ĸͻøָķʽȥ̵Ů˵뷨ֻ֣㳤ŬӵеģҲһֻԼһҵˡʱҵ뷨ҵĸ֮Ҹ׸˵ģһҵһƬɽ˵Ϊһ̫СһƬҲ̫Сһ磬ǲҪ׷Ѱġ
˵˫мߵһɨһϴɢλҽгۣҵĳۡ
ңۣ
м߶һ֣ǰͬһ񻰰ĴڣǵУǵĶвͣĴȥȴм˼۱ģ
ǰˣǴ˵еĳۣŵĴȻǡܲóۣ
һվʵŵܲãܲã

۸ղŵ̬֮ȫͬһЦٰ
û뵽ѽŵĴȻ۴ܲã
λŴҲ֪εļдʲôԣվ˵˱ˣشһɵģ
ʽ⣬ΪҲϲתĨǵģرЩʱ
ܲã˵μдᣬҪŻع֮££ѵ𣿡
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ǿٵĽ۵Ļ¼һֲ©
ܲãҲ˵ŻعǾӪֶλǲˣǰûжԹڵκһҵ֣ԺҲ᣿
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ЦţֻССְˣ
֮ܲ⣬ǲ˵Ͳ֪ŵĴڣһССţҲ벻ķۣŸţûκιϵ
ȵʱ治֪иʲôš
⻰üֶΪԾѵ˵һԼ˶ŸƭŸǽǿƣʵһϵûС
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۵ûȵʱҵȷ֪ʲôţ֪֮ҲеŭΪĸңû˸Ҵŵҡײƭģǲˡھ˼Ǻ󣬾ò˼ðţǣҾ˲һǸŵĵϸ֣űһż˽ģżıȴһĻϰ塣
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ңܲãڿЦɣ飿
µʱҶӲѽ
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ҲǼŴɣǶӣͷԣŵĻϰ壬Ҷӡ
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ӣǸд־֮ˡܲиѽ

һЦԼĶӣȿҪ˼ʮ
һŵķչĿõģҲţڽŽҶӵһĸãڴҳۣλҵĶӣŻع֮£ҲҶȫȨ𡣡
ܲܶ˵˵ӵ飬ôŷչģӹֻ֮ôֶΣ᲻һǿƵֶνĵ˲ڽ£
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ܲãλ֮ϣʲô㡣⣬Ҳȫ綼֪ġ
û˿˵Щ̳ϣҸ˵Ѿãҵļͥⷽ棬һʧܵɷһʧܵĸףλ֮ҽӾǣӵߣ֪ԭΪֹ
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һм߶ĻˣļдᵽΪֹҲǿƵȥƴеıʣôд⡣


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ڴ˵ڵģעģǳλŻعĴ£ڳӷ˵ڼд˵ŵ£ɾͽԼ¶һ룡
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֮ŵĸ߲ۼһİڣÿһ˵УŸոеһ־־ͷǹڳйеļдᣡ
йļǽ˵Ļһֲ©˽ȥû˿ĿҲû˿أһŴȥȻڶ̶һСʱ֮ڣ鲼ȫ
ӣ۲äĿĽǸλӵģλӣһġ
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˵ǽŵҵ͵͵λүĻ˵Ħɻô
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ˣֵһƺ·еìˣȴЩҲ֪ҪôȥĿڡ
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Цһ˵޸ؼĹϵ΢ǿؼĳԱأȫҲ֪ˣ
Ȼˣǡ
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һڣһɫװķڸһ룬̴˺ü绰绰ݣŮˡ
곤ȽһװǳͲ䣬Ӿ͸ձ˵ĸӲ࣬ˣǳһƷ壬˵ŮˣŮ˵ı߶
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ڿĦɶʮ꣬үүҲŵĴ˾͹ˣĸ׽ɼŶ³һְҽʱȥĦ⣬֮󣬿ĦɾܲõλãĦÿһ׬ǮүүʱҪ뱶
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ʲô˵𡭡ʲô£ǲ˼ڿʼ㲻ܴҵϵõκκô
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˻䣬Ŵ򿪣ֻͬҵߣ˰ᡣ
ʸǲǼү
Ħû˿η壬ݵˣһڶɼһ˻֮⣬еֶεġ
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үҪᣬǲûж⡣ŵˡ
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ġ
ʲôݣôĵλΪŵˣȴҺǾ͵ڱţ飬үǼһһ
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˸һֻǰһȴǺúõġ
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ųһ亹ؿЦүῪЦѽ
˴ӲЦҵԭĻղһԺϡ
һ޳ļһļһΣյģ
Ҳϻʲô˵үӦѾ֪ܲý֮°ɣ
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ԣΪԱΪ˸Լ·Һ
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ƨǾ仰ǸҵĶĻղǵԺϡ
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Ϻ÷ĶУྩ䲻Զھ÷棬ȴҪǿôһ㣡
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һŮӱһȺΧۣŮȴû˿ĺ£ǸΧ˴кҪӰ࣬Ҳûоܾǳ󷽵˵Ҫ
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ŮӾȻ˵һй⻰е˼һߣϲܵģǸȻǿʣߵʲôط¼įҲֻԸʵˣʺȥ磬ʶĻ
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801 һƭ
ӷϺת˰ʱ䣬ת˽ûģɼ˵ĽŲж죡
Ȼܸϳӷ磬ʵҲһˢô򵥣ӷԽԽţٸԵŮӣһٸԽ͢йϵ
˵Ҳ̫ʶ·ѽǶת˰ˣһĵطûҵǲƭѽ
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ʵҲǺֻڷ޵ʱҸ״绰һȥڵ绰Ҹߵᵽʲôй̩ɽ֮սҲ̫Բܵйġ
ΪԭˣѵûǿֻһС͵ս𣿡
ôܣҸߵĿɶͨˣǹȫݣеλģǲȥʲôСսģһս˵˵
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˼ȽӸ绰
ӷߵһߣ˽ʵ飬ǲнˣ
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Ȼӷˣǽ͢ˡձޣٸԣϣֽĹգǽ̻ʵϣ
ٸԽ̻ʵŮпͷˡ飬鷳ˡ
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Ҷϵ绰󣬳ӷɫ΢䣬ӣʮ̩ɽ֮ϣѽ
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תͷǺȲٸѾͷȥ˵棬һƦӶƭοǳӷ硣
ұмȥ飬ΣҲĲˣ
ӷִһ绰绰Ǵʯͷģȥ̩ɽ֮ǰҪİԼҪһŮ˰һˣеʱǱȵ컹ѵ飬еʱȴ̼飡


802 ħü
һϲЦϲ˵Ůӣڲ¥Сʱһֱ˵飬ĳӷʵǲ岻ϻĿһٸԽ͢ӣ޴ˣ
ѾӷзԱ˵ԵĶԹ򵥵չԼƭж
ΪٸԽ̻ʵĶӷ绹ΪڳⷽǽϾٸԵθҲͬɽ̻Ϊһ֮ģҲ˵ٸԵĹһλȻǴС谮ţģԵģҲõġٸһʯ͵ĹңСһȴ൱Ӵ󣬻ȫ̵ʥأɼСǹô
ӷ벻ǣٸԵĹʳϾȻһ㽲ûУֻҪܳԵĶԵ£ԵĽζ
йʳٸԵĽȻͬԵҲˣΪʲô㻹Եôζ
Ц⼸궼ܣҵٸڷЩطԵҪöˡ˶ڳⷽҲǳģΪһֱãֻҪģǳɽ亣ζҰʵζһġ
Ůӻر𣬳ӷ綼е㲻̫ĶˡǣΪסպٸԽ͢ɱֲضˣӷٲԸ⣬ҲҪ
ʲôʱȥ̩ɽ
⼸ɡ
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ҿɣ˵ǳսҲȤһȥ㿴ô
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⣬ӷһֱ֪ӤҰһڵľأǿɶǶˣȴħãӷһֱû㶮ӣܴĿеõ𰸡
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ӷʵǲһſǶӵĹ壿
ûǾɿܱɵħħ߽Щħ֮󣬾ܽµء
ǰΪ˲ħã˲Ķڿ֮䣬Ϊһ壬ҪȵõʲôǾͰյһεõķȥ
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803 ̻µɱ¾1
Ͼŵ㣬ϺҹոտʼӷһƳ̳һϺ̲ԿϺһ棬ͬʱҲɢɢ
һӷѾһ˽⣬ٸԽ̻ʵĶŮ֮⣬һСѾͷԼ˵ʲôû˿Ļɡ
СѾͷƭģǣҲѲģǲװһˣһˣǾǺңתΪ˳֮ʲô¶ĳ
ŮˣӷҪǡҪԼͬʱҪֹպԼٸԽ͢ѹǶĳӷ˵ѩϼ˪
ȥѽ˵˵ɡ
⻰ųӷʵģʵġ
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Ҽ£
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ȻҪƭǾƭĸɴһ㣬ӷ粻˵Լĸף̩ɽҪĿ֮սǰɣĻҲɵϣ֪ô
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ĳЩ˵йȷһȽϴͳĹҡǣΪҪĽŲôͳʱйı˭Ҫǰ
ҲֻǴһʼѣǰ˵йһζεıߣһమΪĸķԲһ𣬻˻ɺġ
Ҫôˡڰ飬Ҹ˿ıȽϿһζȥ׷νļ飬Ϊ֪ʣµĲ飬ġ
˵Ҳûûмǲ̫ζˡ֮û˼飬Ǹͻѣǰ鵽ܱΪ飬֮Ҳìܵġ
˵һì⣬֮У֮Уһμˣָìܣìܣһǳ棬ǳ˼Ķȫʶʶֿཻ֪һԳֵܣЯְķޣˮݣ
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ڲ¥ʱ򣬳ӷ֪ͨʯͷ׼һ£ԼҪʱ򣬲ʲôҪ͵
Ϊʯͷʱѧˣ֪ԼҪԸѾʼжˡ
ӷ벻ǣװǰʱȻ˵С㣬ʵڱǸձһ˸ǵѣȫСģλи㡣
ⲻʯͷˣġ
ӷеԼڿ׷MMȴﱻ˸ԼˣѾģǲǲϺȥˡ
Ǵ⣬žǿͣвֺÿˣΪĳһ˽˶ߵġ
ӷ˵䣬ֻưڵѾˣûκαԹӣҾư֮ˣͷСѽ
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ϰ壬λ˲ߣȰǡ
Ҳߣﲻ˵ˡϽģǹ

ϺɣϺʲôʱţƵҹҾ͹ѽ̫߿㡣
ӷûκζϰӷ̬ȣǰ˵ιСӣ鷳Ϲҽ첻ˡ
ǻ߰ɡ
ӷ˰֣ŵϰ˵⣬ҲҲ


804 ̻µɱ¾2
ϰ忴һĿ˵ӣֿưɵˣٸڵϵţȻģʵ֮ˣҲ˾ưɡ
ϰ˵棬ѾһҾưϰļƣңЩڵϵҪưɰʲô£Ҳѡ־ưѽӦֱȽֵľưɲŶԣ
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˵ĿǰȫĺڰˣҪΪУǡ
ֻҪϺĵطǲҪϺԭСģҲӦûǵģǵĸ궼ôģǵ궼С䣬ΪСƴɱ뱲ӣѵǾԸ⿴ǵѪѵǾ뿴ǵĽɽڱŪڹ֮𣿡
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ʯͷŲΪȴӲҪΪ֮
Ҳϴˡ
Ҳǡ
ܺãǴڿʼǾʲôϺ֪Сᣬֻˡ


805 ̻µɱ¾3
СᣬһôϷ绯ѽӷҲֻЩϵӰмҲ֪СʮڣǴڵġ
Ϻ̲ڵУΪһ̳ɱɱǵʱСᣬͷ
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ɣҾưɣҲС˿ģưɵϰ壬ǵʱСˣ˵ưϰĸСˡ
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ΪʲôǸˣһΪߵˣȴԸԼְȫУԼĸף޷ԼİȫС
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˫ַźɱֱϣһɫһƣڶУһ˰սʿһֳֳìһöƣ·ԡѪս


806 µ
Щûʵ˵ȥʽԶֻǹȥʽҪس³ǸԼ
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̻һֱʮŽɼʯͷ׼жൽλϺ̻ȫ˹˷ɢϺͬĵطֻԼһ绰̻̽ͣķų
һɱ¾һ̻ӷȴûȥ࿴ɱ¾һۣʱ˿̣ҹе̻һ˵ļ򣬶ڴδõůȫ˵ǳܡ
Ů֮䣬ܶʱһҪȷʲôϵŻὨĸ飬ҪȥĻЩο͸Ů֮䣬񲻶Խɷˡ
ʶˣԷĵϸûиܶŮˣͿΪʶ˸һУԼڡ
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ˣһƣһѣȻѣǶл֣ͲҪߡ
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㲻˵ҵΪ̩ɽǳΣǿһ֮սһ浣ģʱ޷Ա
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ӷһЦҲٶ˵ʲôԱߴһ绰绰ȴǴʯͷģʯͷǱԼԼôƺ顣
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807 ɽɽ
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ˣһһ̩ɽΣյġ
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µޱʶ࣬Ҿʱ㡣
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808 ·
ɽӱϿﻹǳʤĵ̣ʤİͯʤȴѾ齵˶Ҳ˵ʤڶĿ֮С
ӷ뿪Ϻɽ˻𳵣³֮ˣϺżΪԵĲͬʵΪʲô˶ϺҪߴأ
ӷشɽ󺺣ȻϷҪߴһ㡣йʷϣɽ˺ܶӢÿһ񡣡
ӢۣҲϲұȽϲۣΪӢ̫ɵˡ
ӷһЦΪԼҲϲЩνӢۡңʱҲѾҪӢˣ
һ·Ҳһֱ˵Ķ࣬ӷ˵٣Ǹһɽİµû˵һ仰
µҲǸϲ˵ˣǼһӷ绹ҪзһˣʲôֶΡ
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809 ֮
̩ɽɽһСݣµ룬緹ȻģһĳӷҲܵ롣
飬Ųǳӷ磬ԼҲ벻ģȻҪһԼ˳緹ˣ
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ʵʵҺ֪ҪԸģʲôˣȻҪͬʱսҸǰսѵԷôֲ𣿡
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Ȼ㶼ĳ飬һῴ𡣺ˣй͸ϷɽҲҪ档
Ӣ˵˰죬ɽ


810 ̩ɽ֮
̩ɽοͣǾҲЩڵģΪڰǰ̩ɽɣЦռ֮Уص󷨵·ǽܵ룬޷Ƴ󷨵Ļ˵ǽ֮أס˵ǧͨˣ޷Щ֮صڵġ
Դ̩ɽɽЩɢޣռ˸ɽͷҲռ˵֮أͬ󷨣Աҹޣմﵽ۷徳磬ðշ
Ϊ⼸ԽԽɢϵеĹûеЩɵǿԣܹ۷徳ģɽУһˣ
̩ɽһΰĴһ˹񹤵Ĵ̩ɽ֮Уû˷ֹһ֣ǶľһۣΪ֮ߵģĳЩǶȿȥƯڰ֮С
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811 
˵ǰѵһڣȴô࣬ڳʮˣһΪ໥Ĺϵ˭ܵõͲ֪ˡ
ӷɲɵֱ¶棬ɽ˶ԼһǷ֣Ǿ͵ڸµԼݣԣӷ
ɽȫɢ˿ֻһɫҷţһ˵ﶪһ˵
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ôһ˵ӷЩΪʲô᲻Ҫˡ
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ЦѾͷĻǲģҲӦȱ°ɡ
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ȥɣһڹؼʱֵ̳ġҪȻһױ


812 ɽ
³ʱɽѾµ죬аµ¸ŰΧ
ΪʵɽҲܲ˶ԷʲôˣԼܲӦˣȸɵ˵
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ˣ̩ɽỶӭ𣿡
˵ˣղЩˣΪǿ·ġ
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813 
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̩ɽӭͷʽȻرҵҲҪǿʦʦǣɽѣҵıЩ̩ɽӡ
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Ѿͷܻ˵߰ɣȥЦ


814 
ӷµ˸˳󣬵˳ӷ֮⣬˭Ҳ̫رµΪ̫ڳ¼ʮͣս֣δйһεİܼҲ˲ų۷ģӤҰһʱλȻû֪ʱӤҰһԭ򣬵ʮսɰ
̩ͨɽ󷨣ӷԼߵ̫ˣõĸоϤӣӷڿɻ뱻ʶݣرɽЩˣǿɶྩʱԼġ
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815 һ
̩ɽķ羰ΪΪɽ֮ף˭һֶȺɽСĸо
ǣ̩ɽڣٿ̩ɽϵʱ򣬾һɾĸоˡ
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ӷˮһ裬ڷʵǴסǱ߳˷䣬˴Ĺ㳡
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ңһͨ˰ˣΪģȫͨˣǣǣҲȫǡ
˵һйϵ֮ǰɣڣҿ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶
ңҺ˵ˣҵȷճ
ʨ۸ʲôϵ
¡
Цһţ㲻öֶΣǲʵġ
죬ҵ£ֲȳӲ֡
ҿ㣬ǧСλӣҵ³İ
µһ۷Ľţʵɵģ
ټй˿ʨ۵Ĺӣ˭Ҷ´˶֣һܻϡ
ʲôǳ۵Ķӣ
µһ㶣֮ǰȻ̫Сӷˡ
ʵ˵ǲģ
ӷЦϲ˵ֹߣҲġ
ùˣ
š
ѹǻмֵƣ֮ǰ˵ʲô˼ˡ
µСǸյļһƽӽ㣬һʲôĿġ
ʲôĿģҲûƭϵκζɡ
٣֪ħü顣
㣬ҿͨܶ෽ȥ֪żȻʰˡ˵ˣҺҲûк֮ģ㣬гɱűǲٸԽ͢ע⣿
˵
ûк˵֮һЩȴ޷ٽһķչǵܸٸԽ͢϶ΪһĻȫΪǿΪ̻ʵĶŮֻҪõǾǵõ˰ٸԽ͢պķչ൱µǴ𡣡
µŭһ壬󺰵
ס֡
ֹס˰µ˵Գҵ˵ֶмţӷǲϵõʲôġµģͲͬˡ
ԱߵķǰԽиѽӷõԱٸԽ͢ùϵڽٸԽ͢鷳ڣӷȻ뷨Ƶ˰µϡ
Ȼ˵ҲûԳҵ۵ʵ˵Ϊҵļ̳ˣӷ绹ҪȥõڵĶ˵ȥûţ
СӺ˵һǡ
ӷ粻µκλᷴ廰㲻򱴶⣬Ϊʲôɽʱ֪˭͵Ϯңȴ˵Ҫȥ㣬νı졣
˵Щʲô͵Ϯ飬ô֪
治֪
ӷһЦˣͷˡȫɡ


816 ۷ʼ
Χôһ£ȴû㳡֮ЩҶ̼޷
˾ܣô𣿡
ӷһԷܵķ׷˹ȥ
Ҳȥ
µͬʱ˳ӷ硣
쿴˵ɾͷɵļһԼûǱ£Ӳ׷ȥԼ޹أҲǳԼġ
ǹҧһëҲʡһȥʰˡ
ڰɽ֮УӰڿٵĴţٶ֮죬ɽеķ޶Ȳϡ
ӷһֱ׷ǰӰĿǰ֪ԷݣɼȻٶȣǾ;Բɽңɢ˵Ӧˡ
죬Ҳ̫СˣȻôͱСӸˡ
ͱߴɽ֣ϴһֲмЦݣһɽֵİɫ˵
ʵʲô¶ơҿ㱻Сӷˣҡ
Цҵʵ˵ãСܷѲҸʵǸǳĲɡ
Ȼ㲻ǸǳģҵҲǴġ˵󻰣˵СӣǰµС֣Ҳ
ˣ㻹ٴһɣȻǶ¶棬òҪС׷ˡ
һû뵽СӾȻǳ۵ĶӡЩй˻˼ôһϲϻģʮǰĳۣȫͬİ汾ѽ
ʵЦй˵ɫɡ

ĳӷԽԽѾĶԻ
˼ֻйеĸѡǣѵЩˣϲ͵͵û𣿡
Ӣ˵Сӣ㻹ͦȻԸǡǶûóٶ㣬ȴܳӡ
𣿡
ӷǣգۼ䣬ʵƽˣ
ɣȻ̼䱬֮ٶȣеԾѽ
ǳԾ»ں档˵˵ɣķˣ
ʵЦܳԽǰĻҾ͸㡣
ৣৡ

ӰԼ֮٣ֱʧ˳ӷǰ
ӷͣ׷ΪѾ׷ˣһٶȣʵеֲ
һɽ֮ϣӷɫ䣬ĵһﵽʲôͷʵȻڰµ֮ϣпܳԽң
ǳӷ벻ģһֱԼһʵȻǿ˾磬ʵ˵ƿҪӽ۷徳ˣ
µӷѾ䣬Ҳ˳ӷڵɽ֮ϡ
ӷ磬ղʲôˣӷҡҡͷ˵ֻ֪ˣݲ
ȻҵƤӵܣӣʵӦò֮¡
ӷЦ֮ϡ
µһ۳ӷ磬˵ǣ
ʵ֪ʲôˣ
ϣĵ죬ͱ׿л԰ĸʵ򣡡
һҲˣӣǽ鷳
ӷղֻе룬һϣͱ׵ˣȴǿ϶Ϊ˵ӵųԽԼʵе˵ȥ
ҪͲ֣һǸʵӦϣͱ׿л԰ļ̳˰ɣ
˵ûһѾʼȨˡǰҸ˵һǧѵһħţٸԽ͢Ԥԣһﲻʮ꣬пܵ۷徳磬۷񡣡
ʮͿԽ۷Ҳ˵ʮ꣬ǾͿԴ۷ϵ֣޷۷ģ
һµʵѾԼˣ⼸ھܽ۷ļһӣʮйڣѾڽˡ
ٸԽ͢ޣµϣ죬ͱ׿л԰ʵڷ졣λһ£˹ļ̳ˣ˭
µͬʱųӷ磬ҡҡͷ˵˹һΪصļ壬û֪ʲôطû˽ڲ顣ഫᣬҲд˵˹ǴһģڣȴΪֻ֪һǰгԱֹʮǰ˳ֹʮǰ˳ֹʮǰ˳ֹӶʮǰڣû˵˹ĳԱˡ
µ
ʲô
˹ļ̳ˣ
ӷʵ
û˼
ô֪
˹أÿһ̳˵֣ͨͬķʽһεļ̳ˣͽ
˵ӷ磬Ȼǳҵļ̳ˣһ춼ģҪ׼
ңҳԷ𣿹
µɱһ֣˭ǳ۵Ķӡ
˵꣬µûʱ￴羰תء
ǳ۵ĶʲôϵĪ
˵ѵ㲻֪
֪ʲô
ʮǰϸͲʲôֵģҲռԼĵ̣ȥ򽻵˲ңҲˣҪңÿһ˵Ľзɾʮǰүүĳ֣еΪ˶Ըүүγ󲼾ֵġȻʮǰһսû֪ôģ־γˡֹ˶ʮ꣬ҲǾĶʮǰĸֳˣǿһ֮սĻ̡̻ͬʱ۷Ҳ㸸ųģԼŲм۷֮УΪ۷Ĵʼˡ
Ҹ۷ĴʼˣΪүүγɵģڣÿһǿĵˣʲô˰죬Ҫծӻѽ
ʵҲļɻ䣬û˻ģõʲô֪Ҳܱ֤Ҹǣ᲻㣬ϾĴڣŸոձӦһ֪İɣ
ӷЦϣң㣬Ҳκζ⣬мֵĺøСȻ㸸ΪҸ׵ĹϵĻʱ䣬һȥٸԽ͢ݷ
ûôѽ
̾˿ˣȻȥɣ죬ϣܼүү㸸λ˵е


817 ʨݵ
ϰµӷ練һΪʵͻȻ֣Ҫˡ
һµԽԽԼôδԹǰȻԼĴ㱻ӷ˵ˣԼʲôĻֱӳԼĿ
δ֣·ȴɱ˸ҧ𣬻Լĺ£飬κ˶ʲȥģοǰµһ
ڶһ磬˸ո𴲣δϴ֮˴󺰵ӷ磬ҹ
ǽб˵֣̩ɽˣˣᵱû²ؼ߸߹ġǳӷ磬֣̩ɽ˶֪ɱ˵ӦҪҳӷ鷳ģ
һϣǼһڻûͨҪҳӷˡ
Ҳһû˯Ϊӷ˻󣬰µҪҳӷƴģû뵽ǼһȻһϣ
ȻµҲɵϣ֮һϣɻģ˲뵱涯ӷ֮⣬˳
ǣô˵֮ļ̳ˣµʵʲµʱֹҲñ˵Լκл
ߣ̩ɽЦ֮֮Ҳû¶ˣ˭Ҳ֪λ̩ܵɽʲôط羰ȥˣɽȴĸ׸ȥˣԣµŻһ󺰴еġ
ү˵СӸӷ᲻֣
Բᡣӷֶӣ˵ҪֵĻǾ͸ˣӷ粻µǳ飬ǾԲġ⣬һӷ治ǰµĶ֣µɱԳǸ߰Ը˵ҲûȥֶӱֶֻܹӼˡ飬۲
Ҳ˵һӷ˰µǰµͬڳ۵
ֹԽôһӣǸոҵáһӷʲô£Խ컹ȥ𣡶ҲΪɥ֮ʹսʱ常Ѫħֹ֮ء
һͬʱ󻼡
ĸ󻼣ټһ
²ף
Զɽӣû˼̳ˣһͣãڳʱҪĵһ£ɱһͬھҲԪˣڣͳʱǹӴ
ү̫ܵˡ
סǶֵʱڰг֣µɱӷ硣
ǣү
棬ӷɽѾȫˣۼ˴Ĺ㳡֮ϡ
Ҳ˳뿴ʲô¡
ӷ԰µ˵һģ㳳ʲôҸΡ
ӷ磬飬Ҳ˰ɡ
죿ʲô£
ڱǰңʲô¡
ŶԭǼѽô
ϻ٣ıɣ죬ҾҪ
ɱң㵱ˣ浱ˣҳӷ˵ɱɱ˵ġ
ǾͿûлʵ

һǿ紵ӰµɢɽȫʮԶ
˿̣ӷҲ͵µʵڳӷ֮£ӷɲС
µס֡
һԿţҽҪ㣬һʶʸûС
㡭
ӷЦ㻹Ա߿ɣһ첻ֹǲݵġ
֮ڣЦͬʱ֡
﹫ӣû뵽ҵ˸δһϷˡ
ˣӷҲеìܣ֪ϣ˭
Ȼǳӷ硣
ǾͺãҪ֣ӷгˡ
һְɡ
ӷ罫ȫɢγһǿҵ⣬ԼΧ֮ڡ
ħãͿһʲô𡣡
ɡ
µ˫һţǿħΧγ˵ɫĵЩɫ·𴥶ΧĿֹͣʮӵʱ䣬ڰµʮ׷ΧڣһɫĹͬƹĴЦ
Ŀе֪ħļ󣬳ӷ֪µħɫҲǵ弶
ȵʱӤҰһһû뵽ħĵ弶ͬǾˡµ㻹治ѽ
ӷ˿ûȥģǸʵļ𣬻ȶԸµ˵ɡ
µѾڿٽɫڣֻϣһɫâɫâУŵ
ӷ磬ģħ弶Ѿǳǿˣ
ӷЦһɡ
㲻καѵһ𣬴ҵʵ£ѵһ㲻ɡ
ӷľۻʾǿǿ꼶ҪԸµӦòʲô¡
˫û˿ԥͬʱԷ˹ȥ
顣
ǿĲʹΧˣЦ˺˼˰ĸֻס죬һǵһùġ
ӷµһ𣬵Ҳ̼˿ڹ㳡֮ϲͣţʱȭʱ˫ԡ
µħ治ͬ죬ֻϧӷ绹ûħõĵϸҲûҪˣֱӽµҪˣħлЧӷҲܵһʱ㿪
ˣְɡ
ϵķһЦӷԼֲң
Ц˵ͷһУͬʱ˰ҲһУͬʱڰµӷͬʱͬʱӷ˹ȥ
µһʱӦɡ
ӷ磬Ϣ͵Ϯ
ӷµţ滢൱͵ϮԼ޷㡣
ӰһҪȫܿϧЦʵ֮ϣֻܵס˰ֵЦǵûֱϴֱӷ硣
һתԼ˿Ҳûȥͳӷ磬ȴѾˡ
ǵһֵģ˿Ѿǰһ˳ӷǰͬûסЦֱ۱ˣֱ۴
ЦЦһ𣬵Ϊôסӷ磬Ҫҷ𡣡
Цӳеʵǰһ޴򣬳ӷȥ
Цϼһһݣ
ӷһշۿǵѾӽԼӷʩչǳɺϵĶûгӷ磬ȴµڵء
ȴѾڵĳӷܹ㿪ˣ
ԶЦ
̫Զ䵽ɾǳҲֹЦ͵Ϯ
˶Ϊӷˣȴϣ㳡ϵĵ棬Ǹڳ嵽ӷǰʱȻԶֹͣ
ӷȻ̧ͷֻһӰȻѵģ֮ϡ
˵ĳ֣÷һһͬʱЦҲɫ࣬վԼ֮ϵǸˣ
СӴֶѣЦбҪڰ´ɱ𡣡
˽̤򣬾ȻѹѹڵϣһʱʧΡ
Գӷ磬һ³ӷļʵû°ɣ
á
ЦһתЦһЦЦˣ겻ˡ
ЦɫѿۿԸɵӷˣû뵽ˣȻǰ
ۣ
ߣʨۣ


818 ǿ߾ۼ
۵ϲûν֮еģһ࣬ҲϣڳκˣҶ
ЦɫӰױִ࣬תףʮֵؾʣУѾһη壬Ҳ֣Լ͵Ϯӷ磬Ƕʮǰĳۣ϶ԥҪԼĳӷ粻ûж֣Ϸ¶Ц
챻˰ĸֱ˺˼֮ˣ˵һ˰֣Ѫħԯ֣δʤ㣬һСС˰Աڳ۵ǰ
µվԭûеȣǲ£ֻǵһμ񻰰Ĵ˵ǶԼ۾Ҳ룬ǿʨΪʲôȥԼеȫһ۲Ӧָһȣ;춯صĽɫ𣬲ӦָһͽеɱĽɫ𣬿ΪʲôΪʲôûжЦ֣⵽Ϊʲô
µҲѾ˵һˣйԼĸ׶ηҲѾȥԼˣرǰµ˵ʮǰʱѾˣĺӣǹˣںܶ鶼ǵʮЩһһӶ޷ǵ顣
ˣһһɱԼĸˣֵĻᶼûУԼ֣ȫ˵Ľ£һĻĻµԶ޷ǣǲɱ¾ǲѪȡ
һĺӾѾʶʲôʬǳɽʱԻǸ޷ĨȥӰ
µЩɱ¾ΪһҾ徵ɱ¾İµͬĺӲͬܵܳҪͬ亢ǿܶ࣬µɱ¾ģµĳۣϾǼټ֤ǳɱ¾֮ˣ
վ˳۵ߡ
תͷãʵɽôˣ
شڻУҪڻҪǼ
ţ֪ˡ
Ц˿΢΢ǰŭ㾹Ҵ̩ɽء
ȻЦһһֲмЦ˵ĽأЦѵеĶҲĲɣ
Ȼ̩ɽһУȫҵġ
ٸҺ˵һ㡣
Ҫ
ɲһ׼ˣЦĻȴóˣɼ̩ɽ֮Ķڳ˵˵ǳҪΪǳԶɽӵļױ
ЦҿĸܵķϣһɲҪ֪ߵغĸ׵ļױռ
ۣȻ֪еĶҴҲӦ֪ҴȻҵģʲôʱǳˡ
ģһ£ƾʲô
ƾʲôƾʮһֱػҴǽǳҵģΪʲôʮǶȡҪȵʱ
ЦҳΪʲôҪѡʱûĸ׵ļױӦúȻҲһζȥռκζĸ׵ļױڡ㵽ʱб´ҵеõĻҳۿԱ֤Բ˿ķǷ֮롣
ۣ˵ġЦ̩ɽӪʮ꣬ͲţһͿԽҴĶ׶ߡ
óеֶɡҪ㣬һֻٽƻĺ꣬ھʵǿʨǰκıƶա
۸ЦĶԻڳ˶еĪ
̩ɽΪһսôֳһױˡ
ȻȻ֪ⳡ̩ɽ֮սһԸģۿɴûӦҪܹսʮҲûܹκ˵ս
ǿԵʲô¶֪ģҲκ˶֣һȴ֣֮ԼҪõܵõԼĸ׵ļױȻڹԼսҲʡԼܶ¡
ӷ硣
ʲô£
СûĻԼùңСӵ飬ҲĲ֡
ӷЦһ˵ⶼˣһôѽ㱻ҴӮˣǴȥҲ˵ʤ֮ģҿ˰ɡ
šҲûʲô壬˰ɡ
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һԼŵˣ޷ȥ𣬱һַǳʹ֮£ڳ۾Ȼ֪ʣʹķеǰ޷йŭӴ
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ʨӦòɱְɣ˰ľսʵ
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ӷ˵ʱ˲
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гˡ
۵һӣһôзֻ顱һһʯըΪ˷顣
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ģȫ˰ɡ
ͻȻֵˣɣǾǹѪħԯ
常ڵˣ
˼ǿĺܣҲˣ˵Ҳˡ
ʨʮ겻Ƿѽ
ѪħһЦ
ָָԼԴЦҶ˵Ӻ˵⣬֪ûУ
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һһ£Щˣû
ԯһɡ
λ겻ˣûгٵ
ޣҲˣһ£վ˳۸֮䡣
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㻹ǵƢѽһ棬Ҫɱҡ
ɵϣ㲻£Էһ·
Ѿͷѽ˵ҲѾþûˡ˵ˣĵ֮£һȸǿġ
ӷ֮ǰҲûкȻҲˣӷǰ˫ȭһԯɲǰ
ҵкԯǿЦһ£û˵
ô겻ѵòûֶʺãǲֶӷǸͲ˼ֶǰ˵
˲ԼıӣǿЦһ£û˵
ʵӷ磬ǲʲôʱλǰ
ӷ˵ӦòǵɡϽǵʱ򣬵ɲǰ˷죬̨庣Ͽʱ򣬰ǰƵĲҶ֡λڶػ͵ʱҽ̵һ£ڵʱˣһ
ŭӷ磬Ϊҵ治ɱ㡣
䣬Ӱһֱӷ硣
ӷ类ȥһЦڹ嵽Լǰʱһֻ֣ץס˹ļЦӦ˵ʮϢأ˵ϵӶɵˣ
ｫһգ֪ڻǶֵʱ򣬸յ̩ɽһ׼ûУٵȵȰɡ
Ҳڶ֣Ҳĸۼˣһһ
ң
ЦҸ絽ˣֻûзֶѡ
ʲô
ӷ綼һ㶣үүʲôʱ򵽵ģʲôطΪʲôԼ֪
˧磬ء
ȻӴﴫתһڴ֮ڣһߣֶվˡ
ҿʨеӷ磬ȫ롣


819 ױ
ֶĳԶɽֻ˿ɣıӰܳ˴Ѿͷԯǰͣһ£Ц常
ԯЦһСԴѾͷ㳤ˡ
˼ͳ常ЩȻСˡ
˳үӣԺҪһ㣬֪𣿡
ġ
һתۣ˿ϵķ죬ǲ˵ģԼôãǷµ
ǸǳµѾͷٲԸҲ˵硣
ȴС۵ʸСĴ硣
ߣʲô˲ģǿ常ϣ㻹浱Լ˲ˡ
㡭
ܵӷǰųӷ½ǣʵ˧磬ء
ΣҲʹڴѾͷǴûҪ
еģţҲеġڲ˵ʱ򡣡
˵Ҫ常ܣǲѽ
Цһû˵
˴˿ȫ˴ڣǻֶĳԶɽ
һȺɽСǡ
תͬʱ֮⣬۵ҲѾ߽˴
Զɽʲôʱģ
ΪˣԶɽˣҽԼĴԼȴȻ֪Цʵھȣ
Щ֪ɱģʲôʱ򵽣ʲôϵ𡣡
ӷǰүүҲ˵һҺɽȥѽ
ӷ磬үүϹͷСɽģͲΪүүˡ
䣬ԶɽǰûнǷûȥǣǶЦ˵Сӣ֪ҪĶ׼ûУ
ڳ֮󣬾͸Цһֱ˵ʲôڳȴû֪ҪģʲôڳҲ֪ҸɵйҪʲôûУҪһҲϸһɴǿ򣬲ϳҵţҲ˵̩ɽҪĶһǱѰ򣬲óԶɽܹģ
ҸղѾ˵ˣҴҵĶǳұõ
Ŷ
ԶɽԳ۵ۣ㿴¸ô
ҸղѾ˵ˣбµõĸ׵ļױĻҳңԲ
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˶٣Զɽֵ飬ۣ㴦һ°ɣҸӷеҪ˵
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ûҪѪٲǰᣬǻҪһģֻҪЦһȥˡ
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Զɽ˴֮ϣӷվڳԶɽߣΪϣһǳ۸һߣȻ۷֣ټһˡ
ڷǳְ˲ÿһ˵ĶӽţΪû֪һ룬ڻᷢʲô顣
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ӷһЦתָһ·죬˵ûУղǾ仰ȳӲ֪˵ٴˣĽô
ҲҸȵĻ³ҡ
ڣԯ˵죬ԼСһ㡣
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첢ûֻһЦ˵һ£ӷֵģ˵Ůˣһ᲻һֶΡ
ӷ粻мһЦҴģҲߡˣǸøȥ
仰ӷ緵ص˳Զɽߡ
´ɽȫ˵˹㳡ԱߣɽҲȫ˿ֵǣ⼸ɽʦЩνĳϣһҲû
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šǽ͵Ȱɡ


821 ս
үүҪܡ
ӷ罻һһսԶɽûȤȥˣʹˣϢȽϺá
Ҳǳ£֪£ԼǸųԶɽȽϰȫǿ۷ԾһãùԼ
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˵˾ԽԽͯ仰һ㶼ûǰĳԶɽôһСѾͷģڣһ𣬳Զɽǳο
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ֳֺӧǹһǰѺӧǹ߲Ѿȫ۷徳硣
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̾ҡͷָ֮࣬ӧǹһת乫

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һ̫ڣһѪӰˣһɽɡѵǾôʵ𣿱˷ʱˣһϰɡ


822 ҪҲû취
Ҳʲô̫ڣѪӰˣɽɣ̩ɽĿģֻΪ˺ɽĶ飬Ķ޹ء
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лл㡣ǣʮ꣬ܰ׵ȣҲˣ
̾˿˵Ҫ꣬ҪˣҪҲû취ͿԼɣҲ㣬Ը


823 
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˵Ӳܼ飬ȴǳԶɽΪʹһŮ˭ȢһҲͲóˣ
ȻЩǿʵ˵ͺñ֣еģȻǳĳңһŮˣʮ˲ܵļ¼һô֮£Ҳ۷ϵΨһһŮˣ
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顭
һֱѪٲλãѺԽԽ࣬һѪ⣬˿ѾչʮѪ⣬еѪ⣬ȫҹеԲȥʹİװѪɫԲ£Ϊ˳׵Ѫɫ
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ղκεͣȫˣ
ѪɫԲУһ⣬ǵѪٲѪԽ࣬Ҳʼ쿪ѪɫԲȦ֮ϣȻһͬĻ棬һǺѪɫԲдѪٲߣط
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ڻߣҪѪٲ⣬ȻѪٲС
ɣ㻹Ҫȥɷ֮ǿѵûо𣬱˵ǽѪٲ첻
Ұֽҵȣһɣһ°ɣ
ˣǷˣ


824 Ѫ
Ѫɫ¹ѾѪٲΧѪٲ֮ϣҲֳһĲƣڴ˵֮£Ǻ֮ҲԽԽ󣬴󵽳ӷʵǶסˣ·Լ˫һ
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ڴ˿̣Ѫɫ¹ѾɢȥͬʱѪٲϵĲҲ󣬱
һѪٲѾӵˮѪٲҲʼȴٲͬѪɫˮǴġ
֮ط򲻷ѪٲһƬ֮䣬ȫ룬ʹ˵飬һ޾Ŀֲ
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ӷ磬òỹȥɣ
ѪٲļױôҶҪóڵ˵ӦûҪһʲôܽѪٲ

ûҲ֪ʲôֻܵˡ
ҹ֮УһѪٲķӡ⿪ˣѪٲеǿɷɢȻҲΪԶɽЦѵķӡѾˣȻһֱƳЦµķӡ
磬ӡѾҪ˷ʱ䣬춯֣
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۵ӣֱӶѪħǣһ̣ѪħҪؼʱ̣ľͻȻˡ

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żΪŴôãͻȻ˵ֻǸ򹤵ģ˻ô룬һкܶȥżżȴ֪ôȥӦЩߣ
ȷҵ¸ˡȥżܶ飬ҲʱһˣҿɲЩд
ӷ磬ڿɲ¶棬ΪļߣΪġ֪ĻǸͬʱ֪ǣһضֵ͵ĳӣһôˣ¶棬ҲͲóˣȫĿ⣬һ˵ϡ
ȷӷݻܱ¶⻹ûӹţŰеĶ֣Ҫˣǿģ˹Ÿš
š֪ô㲻õˡ⣬סĵطҲסȥˣɱһ©˷˸˹Щٵģûһö
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ˣȵȥסһʱ䣬Ͼƽһ㣬ϵɡ
ǺãԼҲСһ㣬پҲкҪ㣬Ǻڵϵ⡣


828 ߸
ŵĴſڱ߸ΧĶУģйļߣΪŻţǴйչģصļȻżĲɷáļߣΪŵܲĿǰǱҲ취ţϾʮҲȥ˲ٵ룬һŷйǰ룬Ȼһ룬ʣµģҲķֹ˾һСǮˡ
ĿǰĿžǳҵļ̳ˣŵĽӰˣкܶĵʿ־ϣһʺż̳˵а񣬳ҵλȫΪҼ̳˵Ĺأʹλӣλʺż̳֮ףͬʱҲΪǧҪ׷ĶһܼңǶЩС˵͵ڿԽһ޴ĳţһӴĽ֦Ϊ֮
ȻڹҲкܶ˵֪Ҽ̳ѶϢҲ֪Ҽ̳˵ĶƼҵŮˣЩ˿ƼңֻǴйƾӵ˽ֵһڵ壬ֺڵ壬䲻ϳҵļ̳ˣҲû飬Щʺŵǧ뾡һа취Ҫ֪Ҽ̳˵һϣλҼ̳˼һ棬ˣٹʺеǧ𣬶ܵйϾˣҲȫۼš
û˸ȥҳүӣ߳ѯʳӵ£ûܼӵĸףйϯЩһȻȻͽĿͶŵżϡ
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żŮ˵ȥЩνǧС㣬ôžͷɣһͲˣܵŵ·
ż֮Ը˵ĻΪʮĵˣһǧСΪʲôģȻ֪ҹ˾ǳһֽģѾĻҷųĺݻĳû취Ū棬һŵȷǶסǣŵı󣬿ţѾ־ԿպҪǺÿ
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ϣϸΪ粿ܣҸҷŻȥ˵иǳӵĸǣӵ飬֪ıҶ࣬Щһȫȥ
Ů˶һ㶣λܲҲ̫˰ɣԼ鷳еȫƵȥˡ
ʵżѾõˣ֮ǰƸһģǼһ˵ʲôԼƵȥҲԼ
żһ룬һǳӵһӣڳӵ֪ҲһɲҪ˵˳鷳
ŮҲ˵ʲôȥżԸ顣
Ӱӱ粿ʼǱԣһ׼Ҫ°ʱͻȻ칫⣬üŮ˳˽

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ðɣǺƱ磬һǧǽõģÿһǾ޴ջѽ
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829 ۵Ķ
۵ļһﵽǣӷһҿڴһᣬÿĽֵй˵һЩ˽⣬żǵȥ̸顣ȴϣ²ӵĹ򣬾ܹڨˡ
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831 
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832 ҵù
ȫԱļȷԽ´ģЩˣԽ첻յ㣬طϵЩԱԽҲʶѽ˵չļһԽˣȴһĳλ쵼˹ϵǳãܴ人Ͼġ
νĹ٣˵ˣǸһϽ֮ŭԹȴκεʵν̰ٱ𹷹Ҫó̰̰̰۵ͬʱٻǻΪϰģʲôһûУôͷ˵̰ٸٸ硣
ҲгϺãĲգƫƫչˣƣ̵ģλ߹֮ƣ
Խո̨ż죬˾ͿʼСԽֶΣҪıɣһϾżʱ䣬ͽϾССĹԱһ飬ȴûвκ⣬ɣչֵܲҪʲô飬ֻϾǵˣϾˣϾѾչʶģվԼߣģģǮƹҪǹֵԵĻǺͲö˵ʲôˣҵϱ룬λ߸ϵϯҲдʱ򣬼쵼˽һΣҪ˫棬ϲ졣
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833 ӿ
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ֳ쵼ҿž¾˵ǰ㣬ǸչСӹ컯֮µϷ˼ҹĿˣŸ˳ͻġ
ʲôĿҲҵϷǿйĹѽɲ˼й
ߵǰЦλС㣬ʵڱǸղģֻйĸ𼸸˰ˣʵǴ󲿷ֵйˣӦ˵⼸֮йˣǷǳòģǿ֮ѽ
ῴЩһﶼʶӷ磬Ҳ˳ӷģȻ֪ô˵ô
йû죬˵Щر˾˲١ҿЩй쵼ҲúúһˣɱʱЩ´쵼Уͻ鷳ġ⣬ٸԣӵȫ֤ͨǲҪһ¡
˵⻰ȻҪǣһȫ綼֤ͨҪô˲ӵУҲϹ䷢ģЩҪ쵼ˣЩҵĻ֮⣬ͨ˸ͲܵõҲ˵ٸԵĹҵٸǱֱһ绰ȥЩһԲˣߣ
ǲһѶͷϵ亹ӷԽĶӣλСٸԣȫ֤ͨòٸĳλ󳼵ǧɣ
Ҳǣ̫үôһ
Ƕ˵Թֳ˵Ұչһץúʣǵ׻顣
ӷ粹⣬һǵĺ涼Щʲô˸ǳҾϾŭԹġ
ˣ̫ү仰Ҳû˻ȥηչļһﳯˣ
ʲôһǸгһǵίǣɶģҲץǾֱӴ쵼˵
žһ˹ȥȻͲˡ
㣬Ҵң㣬㡭
ӷ˵ⲻڴ㣬ֱڴ˵쵼ˡĻȥ˾Ӻ󣬽˵λ쵼˵ɣţЩͬ־һúöġ
˵꣬ӷɲٴȥˣȥԼô¼ûУ
ӣ⡭
ϵһ¹֣Ǳ˴ѹǣùϵһ¹ԺϾߵʵ㱨ɡȻصǣչֵܣϾЩ飬Ǹҵĳͻ
ף׸ôߡʱ𡭡ûѽءɣԶٷ
ֵܱȴŭģģҹ˽Ҹû꣬ҵţίǱȥˣǼȫҵű˫ɡ
Ԭг˵㻹ȹ˺ԼɣԼղŵʲô˶֪е
ھ콫ֵܴߺǸҲͽҽԺϾưû죬Ҫȥ׼ˡ
Ԭѽ˵£Ǹôʲô֣
ҿȸǱ󵽵ʲô˸ǳɣȸ֮Ǿͽֵ⼸ϾΪȥ˳ӵĻŽͨǱߵĹϵӦֱӴϯĶУû˸ѹġ
һе㵣ġչֵҲɵϣ֪𹫷ߵ뷽ǳģȨҲСѵֿʼЩϵ𣿡
ǱߵЩطϵСɫܲˣȻչֵܵ˳ӣǾҵùֻҪչذ£Ӧòġ
ǵ˵ͷȴ뷨ġ
ϯ̨Ǿ˵ԼǱߵѾһ۷徳磬ټй˸֮оЩأȫͶԼϵУڵδֹͣЩϵ⣬Ҳ˶ģ׳һìܣìһһȫµϵͻ֣໥֮ȨΪϯģѾȥʲôˣҪģǽЩϵȣһ̫ߣҲһ̫ףֻϯλӣİȣΪһλϯܶãҪĸ쵼˶ŵģ


834 ͵
һЩСӷȥᣬǸչһӸôǵ飬ҲԲģ⼸Ͼչֵܸļɹ֮ǰΪ뷽ĹϵȥչֵܣȻڳӷվˣǻչһѽ
һĲ˾ҹ˾Ҳ֮ǰΪ˺öʽģʵһҿտǹ˾˵׵㣬һϴǮĹ˾
ֵطżȻ֪ģ⣬˼ȫӰӱ緽棬飬ķӦܳٶۣԳӷҲȥʲô
˾һ¹ıǼ£ӷҲ赭дĴϾǼܲ˵£ǲ˵
ˣӷ磬㰢绰ң˵¸¾Ҫˣ㿴ǲǸûȥһˣ
飿
ѽӷ绹ˣѵģǳ⣬ϰҲСˣЩΪ¶Ժô࣬Ĵ֮գӷܲȥء
磬Ҹ㻹Ժ˵һʱһȥġ
ӷ粻ǲԼԴ绰ϲ㣬ⲻԼڹıг֣ԺǿɱϸĶˣһҲˣԼڴ绰ȥһᱻʸûģ
ǺãҸ˵һʱһȥɡ
磬ʱ仹Ҫ飬ҿǰȻȥɣʱԼȥͿˡ
Ȼ֪˳ӷҪӹţôȻڽʱڣӷæܳջع¶ԺһѾˣҪǰȥǹʱ䰲Ų
̸ţ㰢ĻͲòˣѾ˼٣ͻȥ
˵֪꣬ӷǻҪ̸ԼҲûãȻȥ׼һ£ع¶Ժɡ
պǰع¶ԺӷͿֱסˣҲʡԼ
һ֪ͨپûУ
Ѿִ֪ͨ磬Ͼ͹ˡ
ţţ˵һʱŵɡ
˵£ż̾пѽ
Ҳ֪Դȫµ֮󣬲Ҫʲô£Ҷ۵ġһΣĶסˡ
һԱ̲סЦһӷ֪żסʲô£
ѽ֪Щ߷ǳҲһҪסѽϾڻûӹţҪӹܣҲһȫҵ飬ô׵ģԣ֮ǰҲܱ¶ݡ
ҶסĲǼѽЩҲȥǾˡǣЩϵĺǧĺͷʹѽһ쵽ڹ˾Ҷ¾һа취ӹ˾ĺ͵ġ
ǧô£
ż˵Ϊǹ˾Ļϰعˣȫ綼֪ĻϰŵĽӰˣΪ˸ţҸùϵԼĶŮƵڱĵطҲֻܵˣ
ӷ̾˿˵治ֵ֪ӹŵʱǲ
һ룬ԸԸ˵Ҳû˸
ӷҲ֪ż˵£ֻţѲɣԼȥЩνĹʺǧ𲻳ɡ
ѽδɹȻŬѽ
żˣӣԼҪסЩǧСѽ
һⲻ֪òʣ
ŵδɣ
ǵġ֪ڽӹ֮󣬻᲻ᡭ
⣬ʱûпǣӦòὫŲŵģϾԼһֽģЩ˵ŬҽŲŵĻͲͬˡ
ӷһ˵żŷΪҲ뵽ʱŲţΪĻԼҲûһܶĻˡڵ˵ܶҲѽ˶֪ŵĻϰ˭Ҫʲô⣬˭˭ƻΪУǸţΪС
պ˭Ҳ˵׼żô붼ǿ롣
˿̣һӵһ绰˵绰󣬺һȻżʵʲô£
ִˣ˵мߣ֮ǰġ
ʲôм߸٣
ӷ˵һȥһЩûĵҵƬĵˣͽپһ¡
ǣ
˾֮⣬һɫѾ˸Χ
ϣߣһŮµĲҳ
һܳپӷ˼˵һ£پֱӽ˽Ŵ򿪣߸˳
ǵù
ǣʲôǿǼߣǲ
پҹǲǼߣĵĶģǸԼ鷳
ʲôˣҪһҪ
һСܽƬȫһ£ĵ˺һżȴĵӷıӰˡ
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Ǿͷ߰ɡ
ιûǣЩˣǲĵģ򣬺Ը
߸ߣپԸС棬Լһ˲˾
ߵųһ亹䲻֪ղЩʲôģһ֪࣬ԼǼߣһЩȱµ飬ĶˣҲĿŵȥ
ˡ½㣬ҿ컹˰ɡ
Ů˵ǺãȻȥɣǰ·¾Ϳˡ
Ů³ԼؿڣһȻЦ׼׼ڴ濨һֹʴţҵˡ
Ů߽һڴ濨ؿڵ˳Ž򿪷ʮƬ󷭵һţԼĳɹ
ֻҪƬҾͷˡˣѾͷףһȥ


835 
߸٣͵ģѵӷ绹û֣֮ûȥǣΪ뿪󣬾ûӷһˣ
ݲع⣬ӷӲʱ˷ԼǶĴʼˣԣҪ鷳ȥʲô
ڲ˾پһһ߽⼸춫Ҳûʲô£СС֣໥ֵ֮ƢԸҲǳеģóӷƵǣСӾȻپǮ׼ȷ˵Ӧ׵ÿڸپÿڽǮóӷе㲻ˬˡ
Ҫ֪㽭㽭ˮ󣬿һƬôˮϣ׾ȻȱǮɼСƽﶼôǮġ
ڣÿÿϽܲǮһû٣򣬳ӷѾġ
׵ȷһߣŵҲżһȥЩνĺǧżôôҪƸǲ̫ˣʱ볤٣Ҫؽϼȥˡ
ĿǰڵľǶѾռ˻ϣ̨壬żأ˵Ѿ˹֮һĵ̡ǱƵģлϸ˵ˮûǵĶ࣬ҲСھӪô꣬һҪǴǵʤ㻹ѽ
ӷͷ˵Ҫģһм֮أֻҪм֮ˣҶиƽƽм֮أҲڲܵġ
˵ģǶ
ûڵľҶﻹڣ˭¶أչںڵĴơ
ǾڲһֱǹڵĵѵЩûȥס
ǰкܶ鶼мȥǲȥƶֻûǸҪˡڵ֮һֱڰУ˼ͷ֮⣬ЩˣͲ֪ڵڣҲΪһڸ¶ˮ档ڲһˣҶѾоΣٲʲôĻǵѾ̫ˡڵ¶ˮǱȻģҪ򶫱⣬ͬҪ򶫰ע⡣Ȼ¶˸ͬĵ˶ǾͿʱҶһΣֻɹʧܡ
һʧ֣ҲζŶ̩ɽ֮սˣڶʱ֮ڲԼ鷳һˣھͲˣ۶ȥսѵڻһӷ粻ɡ
ӷôһ˵پҲоԶｨΣʧ֣򣬶ֵܣȫɱ
ȥ׼һ¡
ȲҪôǱҲһ¾ܵȥģ˫Ҫóֵ׼ΪҪģҵĶңпֱܻͶڣǸʱ򣬾͵Ҷ赲ˡ
ӣ治ѽһֱͶڵĻڵһ붫ڶ˵һ޴ܣĳ岻ȥ
Ҳ˵Ҫ׼һ׼ᶫ׼ڸҵ֮
ûңڽͬʱҪǵĵ̣͵ϮǸʱ͵ʴˣ
һμ޵ҲǶԳΪֵĹĿ꣡
پ̾˿˵һ¡
ʲô£
ձľأѾ뿪ձȥ
پôһ˵ӷȻ䣬˵뿪ձȥ
ǵģһɣľѾҹ
㲻پ˵ӷҲѾ뵽ˡ
ľأ粻ƫƫԼҪʱˣⲻԼµ
죬ǵھǵʱҾ㣬ǧҪСձᣬӣǽҵĻ߷ˡ
˶٣ӷɱ˵ľعᣬһܶȥĻҲͲûˣҳӷβɱ㣬ĲΪˡ
ǲôͳģϾڵļ̳ˣһ£Ǹ֮һսҲ͵ʽĻ
ǣӷֲ÷ľعһһǹᣬ˫ĸӵӴǸʱ򲻹ڻձɽ飬ԼܹԸˣ˵첻ľعỹãһ쵽һǳӷ;ԲܷŹ죬ڵһսҲڷʽĻԼڵһսңһϵûУ׳ۣҲԲˣ
ڣǹڵ»ʵ֮ߡɶ֮սΪӽСڹ֮󣬾Ǵڴģ֮ˣʻϵ֧ٷɡ


836 
½㣬ôôѽǳţţ˵ţſȫϾġ
½ֿһţŵ꣬װ껹ǵڵգʾĸߵΣˣȫһɹʿͷΨڿһŮˣӦ˵һŮˣŮţŵе룬ΧĿˣΪ˷ĹԱ̲סȥŮ˼ۡ
Ůϴе·ÿһ˽ʱвӰɼǴһйġ
һߵεĵطԶ˶ɾ͵ģȻЩɾ֮ΪģЩԼߣУŮɾҵΪˣȴҲû˸ȥǣ˭֪ԶģǸĳ˶ģɱԼ鷳
һŮ½ŮƽﲢǺܴ󷽣ڹΪҲôŮˣԲʲô棬ӴҲġ
죬½ô󷽵Լ˳ţţ˵ﻹȫϾߵεţŵ꣬ŮͬʱҲһܳĸо
½˵ĺСƵģǰˣһûǳԹѽ
½㿴ȥ˷ܣŮռݹӣҲ֪һ˷ܵ²࣬ҲһѣǵõʲôҪȡ˵һϡ
ŮҲǸոմѧҵӦñҵһʱˣȴϾ֤ǶˣϾ򹤵ģҵݹڴ˵һ
½㣬ӣǲǽָʲôĵѽ
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Ĺ۲ϸǸеġţҪѧϰѽ
½㣬ѾŬˣǵǰϺʱұڿɢˡ
˵ģһֱûʹǰ飬ֻ֪ǰϺйΪʲôƫƫܵϾأ
ɫ΢䣬ƺʹӣ˵½㣬ǰͲ˵˰ɣҲ֪ŮˣʲôΣһЩµġ
ŶԳ½ʹһɫ˿Ѿͷ˫Ѿۡ
½ǹˣ˵Щ鰮Ϳ͸ˡ
ûŵɫֻСӶԸ鷽ˣ
¾ûһˣЩŮȥΪ˶ŵĻǾ̫û˼ˡȻ½㲢ʹֻ㣬Ըǻ£ͲҪȥǣΪԽǵʱ򣬾ͻʹԽȻˣǺβ쿪ĵȥأĶˣеǷݸ飬ǷʹͻὥıΪһͬξĴڣͲʵģö֮ͻ᲻мһЦԼǰ̫ɵˣ
̧ͷЦһ£˵лл½㣬ǰ飬ûȥˡ
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½㿴˿ΧżȻ˵ţǶ֪ɣ
Ȼ֪ˡ
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½㣬ѵŵļ̳ˣѾҵˣ
ֹҵˣҽ컹ƬֻҪٸ֣һǳ½Ҫһٳˡ
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½㣬ĵż̳˵Ƭ
ǵȻģѵ½㻹ƭǲɡ
ʵ½㣬ܲǼʶһ¡˵ŵļ̳ˣŵĻϰأʲôѽֳʲôӣ
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½㣬ˣǿһ۰ɡ
½һ£ǿһ£ƬԼԼҲɵһŸѽ
ðɣǿۼǱţҵļ̳ˣҲȫвƷͻһ̳ˡ
˵ţ½㽫óŶ۾ʶһ£ɵйĳҼ̳ˣ׳ʲô͡
ɾʱԱ߲֪ʲôʱһˣһŮˣһŮˡ
ЩһóˣǾûջȥĻˡλС㣬Ҫ֮ǰȰôĺ
½תͷһһ˵㣡
½ڸżǼʱѾʼ͵ˣ飬Ҳȫλż̳֮⣬Ҳĵ˸λһļˣżǼǲ˵ˣĳ½ǰŮˣ
ӵŮ˲Ǹ˵еƼҴСǸйѽôðŮˣ
ɣڳ½УЩŴٵ˽ȻǲѽŮ˶࣬ҲûʲôֵģֵֻǣŮˣΪʲô


837 ټ
ڳ½ûͬ£ֱڳ½ߣó½˾޴ѹҲʼ
ң˵ʲô
дη壬ڳ½˿Ҽ̳˵ѣһȫǺŴ٣Ůҹ壬ܴһƶա
˵ȷһɲǿӲֶΣӳ½ûƬ
йķҲ˽⣬ǹң͵ȡ˵˽ǾǷġ
ν˽һĸܣӷڴϱĵǸͲʲô˽
½㻹ΪǰŮ˻ԼʲôӲƬûȥôһ˵½Ͳôηˡ
Ǽߣ͵ģҲġЩʸ֪һС
λС㣬ǺܺЦҲ֪˵Ĺһ֣ҵѣԲ˵ʲô
ΪҸŵļ̳ˣǾǹοŵĻϰ塣
һЦ˵Ҹŵļ̳ˣãСʸȥ͵ĵú˵ֻ벻ͺûĵĶȻ㲻ʶ̧٣ӲǲҵĻҲֻ˵Ǹˣ£졣
˵ţóһ֧Ʊһ֧һ֧ƱƵ½ǰ˵֧ƱȫÿһõǮһѾܿˡ
½֪ԼĵĶȥĻԲֹһȫеý壬еĺŹ壬ĸõҼ̳˵ĵһϵģԼǵһĵҼ̳Ƭģ˵һ򣬾ԼҪһǧҲҪ̳ǮԼеƬѽ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôְҵ£ƬȥǵȷУ½ı̬ȣӦǲġֻ½˵ĻŮˡ
һˣǽҿ̫ˣǽҼ̳˵ݿ̫ˡһǧ㡣
λС㣬ɲҪôߡ
ôѵ㻹ҧҲɣйһƹңҵĻһὫͽεġ
ΣɲŮ˳ֻ֣óֻһ绰
µûȷ߸ĵˡйļ̫̰ƣҴˣһ°ɡ
˵꣬绰ҶϣҲ˵ʲô֧ƱҲûûվԳ½˵Ϊ֮ɡ
뿪½㻹Ϊ¾ˣƬԼ
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һӵʱ䣬ڼеĿˣȫ뿪ˣû꣬Ҳûֻ³½һ
Щ˲ûг½߹ȫվ˵ſڣڵȴʲôƵġ
˵½㣬е㲻Ծѽ
ʲôѲɻ˳Ե𡣡
˵ҿҲµġ½㣬ǿһ³Ҽ̳˵Ƭɡ
ʱ򣬳½㽫ţһڵһƬɵۣ
ţôˣ
һǱҼ̳˵Ӣס˰ɡ
ҡͷֿ˵Сǣǡ
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½ͬʱվ½ҲѾϳһ꣬ԼĵλҼ̳ˡ
ţλˣ鷳ˣ
½˫е㷢ּЩ˺ҲŮһʲô£Լôѽ
˿˫󣬿ӭ泯Լ꣬ڵһģԼʶģԼͬѧͬʱҲԼĵһ
ӷ磡
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ôܻôܻǳҵļ̳ˣҲ̫˵ɣ
½ȥˣû˵֡
ӷڽҵҲǵһ۾ͼţɳӷıȴûзκεı仯
Щ£㵱ʱûкúȥգˣȥһΣֻҪŬˣһĵЩˣһˣԶܻصԭˣһʱ͵ڴһ
ӷףףΣһڽϼҶʱǸʱ˳ӷ磬ӷȴǳĵףպҵҸɵڶϺʱûҵҸǸʱ򣬳ӷڶף
ѾףεˣԭΪһӶټˣȴû뵽죬Ͼˡ
˵Ե֮䣬ǧǧ磬ΪЦնչΩ˵Եƻٽ֮֮ѩһҹףȴֻлҽûиȼ


838 ˲̫̰
ӷֱ½ǰһ˫۾ûȥһ£ֱӶ½ʵǳС㣿
½Ҳվǰλӣȵʱе㲻Լ۾û뵽Ϊ͵һƬ˼ҳˣǺεȵѽ֪ʱӦöļţóӶԼΡ
뷨½ܿʧˣҲѾӦ˹ͷȴ˵һ仰
ļұ磬־ģ
½ͷӲԵĴǰֽŻشңϾձļߡ
ӷЦһʵ̸ɣ
½ͷӷҲֱ
پվԱߣһСʹһɫС̵һȹ
ӷûȥһ£ǰĳӷ绹ڵĳӷ磬̸ʱ򣬲ԵʲôˣȥЩȵĶҲǶԶԷһò
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һĻó½ûˤô£飬ԼѾͷλʶѽ


839 ǣʡ쵼
ɫǰپλõǱڰ㣬ڳ⣬һ˫Ϭ۾ͣĳΧɨš
ڳڣӷ罫򿪣һ֧̣һڣʵôᵽϾģ
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ԴϺǼºҾʹȥˣҸǰպôӽϾĸ׾ͽҲϾž͸һˡ
ϾձʵϰѾʽˣ
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ˣҸֻǸְͨԱѣְԱյϾѾǹˡ
ӷҲȥļ£ǲϵģסԼԼˡ
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ӷ粻ɫܲǸζ˵ڻҸ׽ܵĽ׶Σû̫ôӴҪ飬Ҳ¡
ӷЦʲôʱ֪ͨһɣûʱȥҲ˰͵ġͬŽĻҲǵ֪ͨһ
ʵڲ֪˵ʲôˣкܶ໰Ҫӷ˵ģÿÿߣȴ˵ڡҲãӷͲҪԼ߿ɣ
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ʲôֵܱץôܣһϾĸгһеίǣǸձĴ人ģ⼸춼ӦòЩ쵼ӲŶѽΪʲôᷴץˣ
ڻ˵Ķӱ˴ˣҽԺ¸Ķйء
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ˣһоֳҲ̫Ĺ˰ɡϵʡ뿴Ǹֳƾʲôץ쵼ˣ첻һ𸴵ĻǸֳҲˡ
ԱЦһ˵ɣһҪͲˡ


840 Ա
踸ʡΪʡίһ֣ҲʡίǣĶҲΪ׵ĹϵΪʡ飬䲻ߣΪһʡڶֵ飬ܶʱ򣬱˶Ҫӡ
ǽʡѾкüͷˣЩӪҲǷˮ𣬸ÿһʡ쵼˵ĹϵǳãڽÿҲкܶɼڽһȨλ
ԴԽϯ֮Ǳ߳ȫµϵ裬ĳһϵĳԱһģнʡü߹٣⣬Ǹմ人Ĺֵ
տһʡӻ飬ͽӵ绰˵ǹֵ֪ܲʲôԭ򣬱йָץΪһϵͬһʡְȻҪϸϹ˭֪Լһʡ쵼й֣йֵľֳˣԼ涼һӶԼǳŭϵʡҪϿ¡
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ʮ㣬踸ӸίǵļУⷿڣȴ֮
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ããǳãίǾˣʡίǣ㻹ˣ쵼˵Ҳ
ҲҪλ쵼ˡ
룬ҲȥǸ˭ģӿгţЩ̨ƨϵһɵĹԱѾģ˭Ҷӡ
ȻֻԼԼϵһɵģʵϾУϵԱֻһǾǴйֳεŵԬгǿǵʱԽġ
ŭģ֣Ǿƣίǻܸɶá
ŭ뿪ˣ˴ӷ߳˵ѽǲ̫嶯ˣô͸ʡ쵼ˣδķչɲѽ
һǣҾͷɣǳԷġ
ǳץˣ
ǵȻȻ⵨Ӵġ
ǳץˣҲϵĹԱѽҿԬһ°ɣǲװݵġ
š˵ҲԣȥһԬҡоǣǧó֪򣬳һΪС¶첻ãΣҾҪóӶ࿴


841 ʡ쵼
ʡңʡ쵼ڽϰ࣬ٿһ飬ⳡȴʡһٿģʡίٿġ
λھϾеίǹ𣬸гҵ۰ɡ֪ԹҴ人Ͼϸϯ´ļԵطϵĸСԱм飬˵ǲ࣬λǣϾǸӵ쵼ˣΪԼ̰۶УжԹͬ־֣һģԵ޹ʵľͽͬ־˼£ʡ쵼ӿɲܲѽ
ͼӴ׵Ľֵܵ˵һ飬ڳˣ˼ٱ֮⣬ûκһ˸ҽӻ
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˵ʡʡһʮˡ
θʡǲҲʲôҿԱ֤ģġ
ֱһ仰Ҳʡ˵ʲôһ¾϶ʡĶǼӵġ

ʡŸ˵֣Աߵʡ˵ѽͬ˵ͬ־人ְʱǳãǾԲ᷸κδģ£˾Ͼ֣µУŽͬ־ץġٲȡжĻƾˡ
θʡ֪ʡ趼ͬһϵģھﻹ˳ƽŰ裬ʡίǷʡίѾ˾ӶߵͣⳡϣͬίֻǱųĬκ
ſڣٹ໤飬йԹʹڣͷôֶôɽ߻ʵԶܶ飬Խ죬ҲǹܲġңطϵĹԱûоٳĻʲôǣЩˣȫǸˡϴ󡱣ˡѡģڵطʲôʲô£Ȼǵġϴ󡱶š
ϾǽյʡУƽʱϾϵ飬쵼ͲҪʡ쵼ȥ֣һʡ쵼ֵĵزǾ˵Щ쵼ܣʣ쵼ôԼ鷳
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ڽȫƵǵϣû취˭ǲˣץˣ鷳˭ѽ
ʡ˵ҿ̸̸ġ⣬ϾеǸԬҲá
˵ԬгͬʡίǾ˵ˡ
ֻ⣬ȥʻˣҪǿڱ˵ϡ
Ϊʡһ쵼ˣͬǴ˻һҲѾ˵üͷͬʡίʶԬг֮ûκεĽ飬ֻͬʡί֪ԬТǸгôȥġ
ԼⶼҪ˾Ӷߵˣٹ¾ٹܣɲҪΪ˵飬ǣԬТĻԼͬ鷳ġ
ʡҲ̫ΪͬʡίˣͬͣǷǳеģ㲻ΪˣͲӣ򣬱˻ô㡣
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֣СֿһҳԷ㲻Ҫˡ
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ʵԷŮǲԣֻΪĸ̫ѲԲûԣҲûӦʲô
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پ˵˼ǣν̨巽治һ
ôƫİɣһҲǽѽҿɲǸǳġң㲻˵ҲһȽοǶ޵һսӦȫѽ
Сٷϻʲô¸˵ȥ
Ǹһһ£أ
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842 ɵ
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һڣʮл¥ſڣһӸһͼһŮװĸ˳ӭӣˣȴл¥ϰ壬ֻǴþˡ
ǣǺþöûˣǹεʲôѽ
þǳʺãһҲ΢Цڱķ꣬ǿ޼ɵκ˷л¥ɲͬϰֳųʲô˶ʶǹٳϣ̳ϣڵϵлϰ弸ӵģһȻһ㣬˭Ҳ˵ЩػȻΪҪǣ˵ϰ񻹸ĳμйϵϾ֪˷ǳ٣
ֻҪа磬ʲô綼ѽ
εˣźܶɻ䣬ܶ໰˵һ˼ܴ
Ȧ꣬᲻
˵Ķԣǽյ쵼ѽ
ˣͱ˵ôˡһѾ˰ᣬǽȥɡ
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ЦСòѽǽСǿˡСǾһȥɡ
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ǣĸĸȴ֪һôˣеģֻڽʡȨֻҪҽΪ׼ңǶĸĸԼĽкôġ
Ͼ̫ˣͲȥ˼ŮҸеģֻǰ棬Ҳû浽֮֮ģֻ᲻Ǳ磡
ңһһѹǾȽȥɣҵһҵѡ
Сһͬ°ɡҲãչͬµĹϵǺҪġҲվѽҽһ·ԱͬµˣֱӴǰˡ
˵꣬˶Դþһ¡
һ˻治ҽᣬòҲֻܲ˵ӷ磬ֻ鷳һεģԺҲ鷳ˣ
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ǣ㿴ҪԵʲôˣȵʲôƣ
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ϵѽⶼܲ˼ˣôءҿԵҳ֮İɡ
˵ôУ⻹ǵһһҳԷġ
ʲôѽҲͱһңҲҲΪ׼ƺһɡ
ԣԣҾֱӽ׼ˡ
Աߵط˵׼ҺãѽһԺϾҪ׼Ҷѽ
׼ĸ˵ﻰ
ҵļҳǲһҲЦɫȴǳѿ
л¥Чǳ죬СʱƲѾˡ
׼ң׼ĸȺһɡ
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ԷһȥȴһѾ嵽ǰ

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һƳȥڽƳͬʱȴϣ֮ˣȴ˿ˣǳɵأվǰȾ룬е־ˣ
˵һ߰㣬ವһ˵߶ţֱӴǰ֮˵š
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ס֡
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ΡѦҪ֧ԮҶԿӷʱͻȻһЦ洫
ھСģеϮ
һ⻰䣬ֻӶμ֮⣬һǿĵֱ˶μҴţֱڵĶһѦʶ
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飬飬顣
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һѦʣ겻һɺ÷񡣡
һӰӶμ֮˽վ˶μҿмλá
һѦʷһ߻ǵѣ
ͣ裡
һۣԼʮҵӣֳһѽ𵶣ȫɢɱ
Ѧŭģʲô˼軹δشּһŮˣ˽ֳԧ쵶վߡ
ףǷϻʲôְɡ
ƣȲҪôҪѻ˵ˣѽүҲԸԼԩġ
ŮȻƣеļңͬʱңңڵģ߲ƣ
裬㵽ʲôһʵɲʱҸϣ¡
ЦһʵʶλǲҪǰѽ
ȥʲôطҺθɡʶϹͱҲˡ
ĳ˻뿴ô
һ¡ҪҲҪѻ˵ɡǸǶμҵ˽˳𣬻ǸѦҵ˽ӣ
ûκһӣû𡣡
ȻһûӣûΪʲôҶμң
һΪ˱Ӿȹĳ˵ҪΪУͱҪƣһɱ̸
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μ֮⣬ɱ𣬶һѦʴ󾪣ңбģ


855 ս1
ȥˣźμֵڴ˸ָĳӣֻҪǻ⣬μֵҲһǹȥҵ⣬⼸ǱһֱûʲôƾμֵôڣҲжֵ
ճӷյʱμֵѾ鴫˳ȥʹȫڵϵˣȫ֪ˣһڻҵԴ˵ʲôȻˣǻͶȽϺã㶫³ǻҵİҲΪμֵܽ鴫ʹĶڹںڵϵһɣڻЩеͷڲ²⣬ȶ˶֮ǵһĿ꣬᲻ǵ°أ
ǻǰܹһңһɣҪڶԿɾڵڹںڵѾǸ񻰰Ĵˣ˵Щûκˣܶҡڷֺ
ͬˣд˵ڵ˰ѾڵĵذҲѾ˶ֶԸһҪйĵȥ϶ңɼڣҲоΣǾԲڴ˿̸ˮ棬ȥҵġ
һͨľƵڣӷվھƵ귿Ĵǰĳ̣ڳӷ˵ֻһĶ񫣬ᣬΪն̣ӷҲᡣ
Ŵ򿪣پ˽˷䣬ʹԭͲķ䣬һӾˡ
ǱѾϢˡپ˵
죬ʱ䣬ϢȻѾˣǾ˵ǱѾɹˡ
ǵġǱߵҲСѽһ֮ԸңҵļˣûΣգѾͻˡС㣬û£ҲѾҵĸ֣Ϲˡ
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ӷŴһŵҩȹҼƸӷĹϵǳãӷΪҵļ̳ˣһ仰ңûɲæģǸٴĴۣҲҪӷ罫ҵԮΪ֪¹󣬶˵Ŷĺô
ǣپ˵˻ȥˣƴڸǰóӷе㵣ģ˵ʲôƣ˶ΡѦ֮󣬲ˣڴܹǸ˶նֵĻ𣡡
˼ǡ
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ҵ˲ܳ£
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ң˶е㶣յõϢԼμ¼ʮˣȻ֮ڣɱ˸⣬ԼүүԼĸĸȫɥȪ
ңңҪʬΣ
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˵ͷһսˡ
ƽ˵޼㰲ϢɣһΪ㱨ģȡ³ӷͷ֮顣


856 ս2
С㣬˵λҿǲһУںˣΪľǶԸܹ᲻ڲ¶ѽ
վ⣬ҵһ˵ĵϾҵĺܣһԼҲ£ɣΪڵжƵһ˵ˣŭں˵ЩʲôˣӶҿжģʱǳӵĻҸҲܻ졣ڳӷҪҵ˵ܻڣϵɽ͹ҳԱҲһüͷ
Ѿ˵˵һ䲻Ļһ
˲ҶԣȻڶѾ˴μҸѦҲѾԼҸңѾû·ˡ
ֻϵһսҲѽŽμҸѦҵ˾ɼĴж󡣲ҲΪˣ֤ڹеһ֮ңĹ磬˾ǵĻƼңΪˣ
˶׼Ѿ˴μҵ飬ƻѾ֪ˣǲװݵģ㶫ǻһսδʼҲһ֡
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ģҪǵ
ৡ
մڵϷûȥΧ˵Ŀ⣬ֻΪμұ
Ȼ̧ͷߡˣ
顣
һǿҵĽֱˣߵһѽƿֱ˵ϡ

յһƿƵ˸һֻ֣ɫһ࣬е󣡡
С㣬ߣǲĶ֣ˡ
ҵˣһҲ뿪
㣬ֳһѳ֮࣬ͼҵŮ˱ɱ
һˣ֮ͥ£ȻɱˣΪչɣʹΧеȺŵȫɢ
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վߣһжʮˣͷģȻǲ֪ʲôʱ£
£ǻɽ̩ɽΪС

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ӷ֪˴Ҳ֪նεĲŹǵģԾͽҹӦǡļʱǾҪնεĶˣ
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лӣȥ֧ԮӷǱߡ
ŭһҲܡ
գڵĶҡ
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ڻҵſڣˣľڣȫվÿһ˵۾ǰȥڵȴʲôƵġ
ʱһһĹܿ죬Ѿ賿һ㣬ʱϵķ쿴ǰ˵ˡ
һ־𣬺ȫۼ
ৡ
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ľؽɫӽ죬ùһǰ˵죬ȻѾս飬Ҫսұս


857 ս3
ӷپӭھ˵ʮ֮ͣ˽Ų
һ˫۾ӷϴţ˵ǰСɱԼӣԼĶӣӵһμӷʱʻǵǣӶеͷΪ۵ĶӣȻڲͬ
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ǰϷһӷ磬һľ𣬻ûϣɾһǰûϵĴڣȴѾӾϣɱԼſˣ
ڣȥһУΪڽʮڣδԼһ£û뵽û飬ȴһ֮ˣ֮ã
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ӷ翴һ۷ľأ˵ղŵս飬Ƿ˽ҵģһֻսˣǻң޹ϵ
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˫ۣһ˵֮УԿĳԷЩʲôȻǰǣҪ˽Է
ľֻӷһ棬ԼԹļһľǲǵģеʱǵˣһ֮Ե󣬾ףԷһôˡ
ʱ䡣
ľɲⳡսȥҲûǸҪȻȾָйڵǽ첻ǳӷǷľ˵Ǽ¡Ȼǳ˽ģΪպĴĻľظϣǳӷˡ
ʱ䣡ˣڵԮ
֪ʲôԮ𣿡
ƴţѾڹˣڵĳӷ֮⣬˵ĴսϣҲԮټһҡ
Ҫ̫СżһˡϴձʱͻȻɱ֧ӣʹյģձʱѾȡ
ڳӷ統ʱô뿪ձģû̫֪Ҳ֪
˼ǣӷ绹Ҳ֪ڣ
ǿ϶ģңǹӦòй㲻֪Ҳ֡
˵Ǿ͸Ӳܵȥˡ϶֣ƳӷԮδȽɵ˵˻ᣬͻ鷳ˣ
ӷЦôˣѵҵ֣Ϊ˫ȱ𣿡
ӷ磬ûá
ϻӷ統Ȼ֪ûã˵ôϻҲаŵġ
֮ڣѾûһˣպĺʱڳڻ֮ڵˣȴ͵ģͶġ
ৣৣৡ
Ӱڻڲͣţ˻ҵĴڡ
װûУ˵ǸŮˣһ߷ȻӤҰ
ţԽⶰըȥ
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ǳȥɣǸ˹ҲѾըװˡ
֮⣬ӤҰǧֹغϣڻҵ⣬ȫװըըĿھС
˵ôھӤҰʵ
ôŵǲùܣڵذļһﻹûʱȾ


858 ս4
ӷı鱣ƽԶԷƣа˸ڵذֲ֪ʲôطɳӷѧУͬѧƵģζԷôǿƣûз
֮ڳӷ絽ʱս飬ֱӽذ˴ͬʱɳȥ͵ģⶫ֮սʮںκεʧӲ䵽ӷСҲΪˣͽǺµģ¶˳ӷǰڳ壬ûκεָǣ
ƽѾҵȫ׼ˣʵڻұߵ֮⣬ΧǧϻұǽڴټϣͻһΧеĵضڻҵģԣһսһʼͲὫ˸ǣͬʱ֪ˣҲ̸ϹֹϾһսͬСɣǻһǶǰû
ɵӣЩӢ۵ΪǲȥһµĹʣȥľ첻ûУ֮٣򣬾ͲôﰸˣڵϵҲš
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ҧҧأҲɵӣ֪ӷ˵ôϻҪʱ䣬ȻԼԮ޷ˣҲóӷκεıˡ
ӷ磬ҾҪûءҶ֣˭ɱ˳ӷ磬Ҷδͷϴ󡣡
δͷϴǸλӣǰǻ޼ģڻΪ޼𣬿˵ǲһˣԸһ֮ˣ̳ҡ
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˵ӷ粻ֵܵڶУһ룬Ͳߴÿڵģȫ԰ŵģǺμֵܸġ
ʱӷհŵʱ򣬲ûзŽһ˽ȥֻúμֵȥܰţҲ˵źڵû붫
پһѽõһСܸ˹Сһ˵ͷɣҽǰ𣿡
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⼸СܺѽԼǶˣԼͷڹ꣬ʵǵɼȻϴҲҲѽֻȫΧڳӷߣڹɡ
ӷҵȫҪĳԼԼߵܵ¶٣ӷ綼û˿⣬ֻóֻһ绰˵£ʲôط
绰ͷµڰ·ϱЦסˡ
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ӷ磬ɷģѾ˽ǿļȫץǿˣġ
˵꣬ӷԼһɱתһһԼֵ߳ĿȴǻҵˣǴͷģۺڵϵͷϴǿϰԴۺʮɱˡ
ӷЦһڵ绰˵۵Ѿˣæ¡Ŷˣǵĸʦ˵һȾơ
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859 ս5
ǿΪۺϴ󣬵ͬʱҲӰӽͷִɱɱ飬ǰδۺڵϵ飬ɺʮ
ڣǿòʮܵΪֲ֪ȲңڵأȲ˭ҪԼùԼǵùɣ
ǿڼǰӵµĵ绰źǰӷȶɽȵʱǿûзϣӷԼĺԼ޲ĳӷôȥӷءǣҪĺȫһҹ֮ʧ٣ǿҲҲļںδ֮ǿֽӵµĵ绰ڵ绰ֻ˵Ҫʹȥӷ¶Ҫ𣬾Զļˡ
Ϊ˼ҴӾͻ⣬Ҫʱ򣬾ԱǿݵĶ࣬հ죬ҵ˻ʧҵĲ˵ǿ۵ٴҲһ仰ɱͷɱ˰ɡ
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ĻᣬӷԻ֮ӷûнԼų۸ͷ󣬵ȴȷģȷڻңֻ
ǿѡǺǰ壬ǣԼһǿ治֪һô顣
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ʿ䣬ǿ۶飬飬飡ǹɱһһɡ
̫Σգ˺󡣡
ãǸҶסӾͿˡ
ǿȥȴϣ̵һһǿıֱӴ룬š
ǿĵͷһ۴ӱ̴ԼŵȻ˫۴Ѫ˿תͷһȻǻҵ˴̽Լŵģǡ
׷һ৵һ˳ǿһѪ۵˳˿̣ĿųӷһߵӷǰһֻѪ֣ץס˳ӷ·㣬㡭Ϊʲô
ʵǿ˵ûץҵļˣ٣ˣˣڱͱԼӣ⵽Ϊʲô
죬һҪģ㣬ӦúѵҶ˵ʲô𡣡
㣬ա
նѵ𡣡

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ӷһֽǿƵڵأǿ˫۽գȴѾվˡ
ӷ磬թСˣԸңȻɱϴ󡣡
ⲻܹңҪֵĻ͹Щ˰ռ۲Űɡʱ͹˳ҶǸöѽǲû˳ڰŵʱ򣬻ϰŵĽΪУǵע˵㡣
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ʮаŵһĵ£ɶȴȫվ˳ӷûٶˡ


860 ս6
Աһ޹֮ûκιҵĴڣûκεľȫĵط
һֻֻŶӶУɼİܣΪǵŬӣ˵أΪ
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ʮˣʮˣû뵽Ұͷ̻лص
߽ʲô֣ԼѾˣҲ˵ԴӵǸ֮⣬ıѾҪģеģֻһͷ̡š
ҲڣѾ֪ͷһôĽɫˣǶʮǰϵķһͷ֣ͻܶ飬ܶˣҪģһ֯
ͷߵһǰɢڣȫ˱֮ϣͷ̵룬һѺۣ顱һը˿
ڱը֮󣬳ڰͷǰģһܣһʨӵܣСͷ̵࣬һ̶ɵġ
ͷһˣͷһ񣬸ʨ£粿ͷ̣
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ϿգͻһƵڵڵк¡һը˿ֻŵ⣬ȫ粻ͬķȥԶֹͣƵġ
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Т˳Ů᲻ˣЦǺãϹͷҲѾʮʮûˣξ͸һȥߡ
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ߴЦѾǶʮǰˣԼ壬ԼġʮΪǰ;ģڶӳˣˣԼ˸ӣҲǳãԼʲôõĵġ
˵ʲôʱͻȻһȻ̧ͷĿлǡ
үүүүʲôأ
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˵һ죬ϻһָŵǵģӣǸղǿˡ
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ҪˣԼɣȰֻһžۡ
йһһؤץסһ긾˵Ľţ긾˸Ǯ긾ȴǲм˵ҪģԵı˭ʣȻ˼ҪǮнŵģôȥѽ
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㣬ĺðɣҶѾʮûԶˡ
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ҶЦԣѾսüˣɿҶӣӦöЦ
Ҷ࣬ϸ·Ҷ㻪ɽһ
Ц鱾Щ޹أȻƻ˹أǾ͹ֲˡ
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Ҷܷߣκδۣҽ̩ɽ


861 ս7
ߵ⣬֮ͽʮ֮ţÿһ˵Уһݳɾ͸УڵΨһһݳɾ͸С
ǻҵô֪ɱ֮ˣûһĶԱڵµЩˣȫΪŸ۷ǿݺô꣬ȴڶʮҲһɽأһСʱѾȫˣ
ӷֻҷųһӢĸûҵΪӷǷˣͷ˼衣
پȫ˵˳ӷ󣬸ʱôģڻôͬǣΧϰپʬ壬ѪѾγһССĺ
Ӵ˿̵ǵЩ²ͬҲѾ֪ղһɱԼûֺǰӷ罫۸̼ˣҲ˵ڵ۸ţѾȺףǿڶ֮£ܿͻᴫۣӷҲʲô򣬰ⳡϷûκˡ
ֻųӢĸΪӷ簴һ½Ҵ绰˵ӷ磬߿ɲԶˣ
ģӷνϵȫˣΨ̨巽ûжΪģҪշ۸أڳӷ絽֮ǰҲѾ̨ΪλһǱۣһǱ˰ţֻȳӷһǱ߾ͿԲѴ֮۸Ÿˡ
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绰ӦһҲû˵ʲôֱӹҶ˵绰
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һǹڳӷĶţӷȴû˿ڵȣڳȴû֪ӷ绹ڵʲôѵɡ
ӷ磬ǸˣЦʵ̫ûס
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컹ǲ⵽ô£ЦôˣΪʲô˽š
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ͻأҹеʮڴϿײһ𣬲һǿҵıըⱬըʹĻ֮˫ȫһͣ֡
ӷ˿ǰ˵Ҳʱˡ죬ذֺڣ


862 ս8
죬ذֺڣ
˻ǶôţôĲһȻҪֱսڵذˣңǰ˸һսӷûаյĻԲԵġ
ɫļΪѿԼĵƾǴĵذ˴֣ӷĵƣڶûóֻ˵ҹеǱըй
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ӷţȶ֮һ·ģҲ˵ⶫ֮սУӷҪذǰ˴ȫ򣬵ʱذʵԳӷ˺ܴΣա
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Ҳǳ۾ڵĳӷɣһ¾ͽʮ˽ӷ磬ӷԲ£ӼԦ˻˵Ӵ


863 ս9
νĲ䣬ָһͬĴڣһȺۼһѽڣԼʽ
еʮ䣬ȴƽ㣬ÿһ˶ǳ٣ʮҲͬΪģҲѾʮһٵ֯ȴ֮ⲿ䣬Ȼʮ˼һ𣬾ܵеһͬˡ
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뵱꣬ʮ겻ĳۣǴŻˣɱ磬˴ɵȫУһսУѪɺӣ˵еŴ֣޷ȥֹɼ˵ǿ󣬲ǵɳģǱڲͬʵ
˵ʮ䣬ֻһأǾڳۣǳ۲ˣҲڳ۵Ϊκ¾ܾǸԵļ塢꣬Ҳȥᡣ
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ԴӶʮǰ۵Ķӡزۡ۾ͽ˸ɢˣҲǴǸʱ𣬻еˣû棬ûõʨ£Ҳᱩ¶Լݣأ
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ӷһЦ첻뿴ԼһսеĵǾ㿴
ģνĵذΪҵͬǱϾᣬ뵱ҵȸʨʱǻ֪Ĵء
ͷ˵꣬վ˳ӷߣͬʱһͷµߣҲվ˳ӷһߡ
ӷȻͷʲô˼ӣ⻪˵ˣǲмȥմκ˱˵ģȻԷֻаˣǣҲֻҪϳͿˣɲΪ£˻˵
ӷʮĵ˵ͷԼ̳м飬ȥ
پʲôڵذѾҪǹˣֻҪҽҵȫ֮ڣⶫ֮սҲ͸ˡ
پڲŷӦһʮ˸֣¶ٻܾ粿ճʱǵƸסˣҲ룬ʲôʱԼЩˣҲӵƣһͿԽ˸סġ
ҲǶʱپսһӣȫûУеˣƽ֮ڡ
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ذ
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ҶѾɽһ̩ɽЦȻվſҪ˻ɽŲɱӷ磬Ͼڳӷſ粿ֱ˾ȥһնûв˵ɽᰭְŵġ
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ذ˴ȻվŲƾ粿ÿһ˶ʩչ˻粿˴ִһƬ
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ңߵЩһˡ
һң˳ӷ磬漴㳯˹ȥ
ү
ڳԱǰһľأȴѾ˵Զˣɽˣڰ֮⿴Ϸ
ӷҲȥľأȻ֣Լֺαȥ鷳


864 ս10
ľͬϷ㣬ȴųӷȡԴʹҲ޷ܣԳӷչȫĹ
Ȼ켴ӹڣǾζţڵδһ£ǶڸոʧȥѪħ˵޷ѩϼ˪˻ڿڣһ֯ĩʱڵ֯չģӵеģ޴ģڣһٰܱǾ֤ڵûˡ
һȫµͣҪȫµ֣ӷԼĳ֣һ𣬿ʼ֡
һžǳˣʮǰĳԶɽʮǰĳۣһǾĽɫӷһҲĳ֮£
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⼸粿ĸ缲磬ս֮ϿٵţеԶԶ̹ڵذ֡
ԣʵѾˣΪҪģͷԸֶΡ
˵ڵذָᣬԿ粿ÿһ͵ĸʱԵʮֵĳԾͷ˵ǰ㣬Ͼ̫ˣƴʱԼЩѷɫࡣ
ӷ絽ĿǰΪֹһҲûжһ˫۾ĸλͣɨţ粿ذĶԾɽ̩ɽĶԾĶԾоǣ˻ɱǼԱĶԾ
ķ֮ھһ֮󣬳ӷߺռƣذ˴ȫһÿһ˵ɫ൱ѿǧй󣬵ذ˴ֵ϶ˣٿ粿˴֣ͺˣϲһ˶ûУڸ֮ǰֱûκεķֱǴδƵġ
һһĶԾģͷԸֶȥ¶Էأ϶ԾͷԸֶ֮⣬ΪҪϡ
ڵĵذ񣬻δ¶໥֮䣬ֻ֪ԷĴڣ֪ԷʲôˣǰȴδһսһվһҪﵽͨЧ򲻿ܵġ
ȴͬϼϼʮǰǰǴΣʮֹΣڵ꣬ʮ䣬ȴʱ̴һģó۵һ仰˵ҪĲǸ˵ĳɰܣǼĴôһ仰ʮ֮ϣһĳ̶ȣÿһ֮ϣÿʮ˵ϣνˣ
ٸǺȥˡһʲôҪǸ
ذдͷ֪ȥԷһԼ˾Ҫľһغˡ
ڣذܼеһͷϷ
γһߣԵذΪǰ棬ˣеȫΪߵڡ
粿˴֣ذ˴һÿһ˶ҡͷ˻ѽɵʽõĳС˵𣬽˵һֶеģ˵ޱǿӦһɽٳڵǿˣкӣʵ̫ˡ
ӣһǡ
һ˵ذ˴֣⻰˵ģҲ̫˰ɣǻ˵ˣϾΪذͬѽһˣһذ񣬺е˵ȥɡ
ӷ˻еһѵǱԼľۻʾҪǿĹһܽذ
ӷ䲻Ŵ˵ʵȴţ˵ˣԲ˵󻰵ģǲ»ԼһӢҲ۵ѽǿǵʨһֽӴ˭һ֮
ȴǺԥĵ˵ͷּԱһ˵λλ֮ȥ
䣬һһݾȻһǿɢȫΧӵ漴Ҳ֪ʩչʲôֻӵӰһһգۼ䣬ƵһλãһƣһƵģڵذ˴ֶδӦʱӣѾ˵ذ˴һֵ
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ӷ뵽⣬ͼһȭƱƴţȭͷ֪ǿٱȫӵһȭ֮ϣûκεԥһ

ǿȭһذֵıֻһذȫһ󡰸¸¡ţһذֵؿڡ顱һըһӱؿڣһȭͷֱ嵹ڶذ֣ƫеģڶذ³һһ
飬飬顭
Сͱը߸ذֵؿ߸ذҽжûļΪеȫΪ׵ĵذϣڵǣʬ㣬ûһһͬһʱ䣬ȥ
ӴЦһ£û˵еĹһˣٸԽ͢ΣΣϣΣЩһﵱԼʱδŹοǸССڵذ

ӴȴӰӯ̼֮䣬ѾΪ׵ĵذ֮ϡ
ٴһƷһƴΪ׵ĵڰϣһƣأվΪ׵ĵذǰһмˣøȥﰭۡ


865 ս11
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ŵذ˴ϵķֱɵۣԼڳ֮ΪǿĴѽʮﻨ˶ʱ⼸˵ϣû뵽Ȼ³
ͬʱҲѾ֪˵֮Ӵʮ֮ǿΪǵΪжߣǵͷԸսʱľ飬󲿷ֵˣҪ߳
ЦذѾ֪ߣѾǶĶˣذ𣬷ҲѾʧȥ˱ɡԳӷΪ˵Ź𣿾Բᣬʱ޼ɱϾǱӷɱͬ޼³
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ڵ˸ҪƷ뿪ȴϣԱߣһӰ֮䣬ͽǼ˰ļһɵڵء
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˵ʮǰ飬ڶڵĶԾ֮⣬ҲˣٹãŻĳˣҪعöˡ
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û˸ҽӻڳȫ쵼ˣҲкܶ룬ǶħŹ֡
ˣĻ鵽˽ڶ֮⣬ԼȥֻҪֵ̫ǲҪ֡ĳ˻عӵ飬ҲҪŻȥֻͨƽˣֻҪʱûȥҾͿԱ֤κλ֮ٵġ


868 ưԹںڵ
ھս֮ǰ˰ںڵӷҲȥȫµĹߣپɹǸԵĵ̣ʲôʲôǱô̵ʱڣǲֱģҪһµʱ䣬һ֮󣬲Ƕ֮սǸʱҲǹչ٣Ļʱ
پȫ򷢻ǸԵĵ̺󣬳ӷҲʱκ£ΪЩ½̫磬ֻѹϾӭģӴڣ֪ҪǿٱھӪ֮õʱ䣬Գӷ⣬һ֮⣬Ӧûĵƴڡ
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ĿǰĹڣŵĻ޷ǾǶڵĴսˣҲкܶ׷Ѱλݣ֪һôˣŻ˵ͣڴ˵ıֻ᲻صڣЩ׷ѰӦˣó˲ͬĽۣе˵λصľһѮͷӣۣǹһشࡣҲ˵λصľͬС˵еؤһ֮㣬ʹĶġ
һĽۣȻܿʹ˳ӷĶУӷȴûȥЩֻ˵ΪʲôǸ͵ϼһأôû˵ֻǸʮأ
ӷһЦ˾ˣΪߣҪһ֮⣬һۣͺñҽģںܶಡ˵ΪεģȻЩҽһʮͷҽβǲ˭ﶼ뷨ģȴ֪ʮͷҽһʮҽѧ
Ϲ춼˵绰Ҫҳӷ磬˵Ͼʵ̫ˣҵɳӷϹҰĴϾΪ಻һ£ϾǽΪڵ»ʵ֮սǸʱϾӿϹһ⻰̲ӷˣƽøڻǸֻڿȴŶսĿʼ
ӷҲϾ
룬ģӷȻߣԼ֮ôܻ뿪֮ľսҪء
Ե£ܶʱ򶼲ȥƣҲ֪ӷ罫ѹأһعˣӷͿ磬ʶ۷ˡһعˣһеһУ֮ʧ
ңҪһļ̳ˣ˵ӷ綪ȺȥˣȻû䣬ǳЩصǸܣҲͿԶʧˡ
ΪٸԽ̻ʵĶŮЩͣ棬ںܶ飬ģҲ֪̩ɽ󣬳ۣҲȥܳӷˣŶҪӷˣζţ۴Ľϴ֣˾Ӷߡ
һеĶϢдǵʮʮµһҪ
һ꣬ǳӷĵˣ뵱ӷϾϴӦ֮ڣڣڣʱ䣬ѾڳԶɽˣ˳ԶɽΪүүӷأ꣬ĵͷѾڶԾʱ̣֮ǰӷ绹һҪ졣
ؽϼңμӰĻ
꣬ưԹںڵҸ׵û飬ɰɡϦ֮ҹ֮ʱ


869 Ǯܽ
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磬ǰļ磬ܹãô裬ڳӷĿУû˿ı仯лУ¶ԺԼʮĹ¶Ժ
Ĺ¶ԺԵе壬ӷ˻𳵣ص¶Ժʱȴ֣ûڼңţǽš
ѾǺˣӦöѧˣڻʱ䣬ôͽŸˣ
ӷߵǰ˼ţѵǹ¶ԺϢʱˣʱͿʼشţҲǼ£٣ǵϲܳȥʲô˿ʧٵϷԺǽ
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̣Ҳûʲôԡ
ȱ˵Щˣлͦġ
ʵӷ˵ûʲôʱ־еȥˣѵûһΣȻʲôҲ˵Ѿ۷ǷĿĹӸˣ˴СļңôһﶼˣȻ¶Ժ˲ںЩӷҲѽ
ϴһֱӸǮɳӷ翴һ¶ԺҲûǰѽԼϴθǮԺ˺ǵĶ棬ûȥװҹ¶Ժ
ԺУҲˣӷʵ̣Ժأ
еԥǲشӷƵģתӷ磬һǸ»𳵣ûԶɡţ̸˷ˣ͸˳
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ӷԽԽԾйأֲǸ׼£˵ʲôֻһ𰸡
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ǼӾȻ޳ܵģ㰢Ҫױ˵Ǵ˼ңȢϱ׼ǱױûУʵڶ㰢ĸĸҲºǾͽǶĻȫ˳˼Ϊ˰ļױ㰢ַɼȻѾˣ㰢ͽĻȫ˳ĸĸ˱ۣڽ֮ٸǵģϾ㰢ĸĸֶͣˣһϵǮûУԺôѽ
ӷ˵̣Ǯ⣬Ҳ᲻ܵġ
ȻǺˣʮҲ֪㰢ƢҪǮ𣿡
ǾԹ¶Ժ㲻ͳˣǮҶء
ӷ磬֪Т˳ô䣬ǵļˡɽ⣬ͲǮܽˣ
Ȼ˼ױʲô⣿
Ǽ˵죬ҪϾʮʾ쳤ؾõ˼ϯǮҪ㰢һһ룬£ǸҲ˵ǮӦŮԼˣҲ˵ʲôˡ
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˵ģǮ˵⡣Ǽ˵ˣʮˣзǱ߰ʮˣʣµģȫŮҲ˵ŮǱ˼Ů֮󣬲ÿ뿪ȫзǱȥзմӡǣҲ֪㰢ʮѽÿʮˣİپʮˣҪ㰢ȥѽⲻϾ㰢˸ȥԷΪľ£
ӷЦһ£ҵӷô᲻˵ʮˣư죬ʮˣѾܲˣͲܴﵽʮ
ӣз鷳Ϊľǲɣӷû´Ļзûзûȥ֪ͨκһѡ
ǼȻڣҲð㶪ӡֻµʱ򣬽ʮ
˶٣ӷʵ̣ʲôطҹȥ
ӷ磬ɱѽ
İɣǸǺˣҲģӲҰûӡҿҰ㣬ҾҪǼ֪Ұϱ֪Ǽ˼ӵĸ
Ц̫үĽҲҵѣҲҿЩһһͷԳԵĻǰԺ󻹲ѽ
ʵӷҪȥһ˻һԭǾǣȻԷļǳ鷳ҪĿˣҲһֻһЩ·ˣͬԻǮȥ롣
ôĿˣǻǮ벻ģֻһ֣ݵλġ


870 ͨϱ1
ӷ绹ǵģǸ׼ǽӣȻ֪NǸʲôģNеһ֣ӷҲ
ȻϾһϲ£ӷ̫ˣ԰ҲӰģڳӷ뿪¶Ժǰ͵ķʱѾĺˣȻԷǾֻķȥɲģ⽫ˣҲð㽫Ӳù
ڻ˽֮ǰӷĵ绰ҲûдȥΪҪҼٺ˹ûģ⽭֩ĵ̣ҲѾص˽ųӷû֩ǼҲѾæµھսˣֻҪӷһ绰֩룬Ҫ˾жˡңԶĿǰ˵ҲԲǺڵϵЩˣֻҪ֩˵һ仰ĸҲġ
ߣӷ㲻֪ǸʲôģȻܰӸ㵽ȥɼһǸģⷽ棬ٸһѹˣʡǱߣһԽһģϴNе飬ҲģҪҲĻҲٽйѾһˣҪԽӷԼ绰ʡˡ
ǽʲô˹룬Ҫȹȥ˽һҵˣôģô룬Լʱô
NһұȽϸߵεķ꣬ǸõطƲҲͦģǵǰӷÿÿҷſھʱ᲻ͣ½Ųţ֪ҪʲôʱԼҲԽҷһ١
ſʱӷѾԺСǵǰӷҲģѾʮʱ˰ɣԼϴλʱ˹¶ԺһǮû뵽Ժ⳵ûл
Цһ£ӷҲʲôҪء
ڷһڣһǳԷӦ˵һֻмڳԷȾƣˣԵĺܲˡ
Ժ¬㣬Աߣ¶Ժĺûȫһš
⼸¬ĸĸҲϹˣоһӣӵĸĸһƸӳмƵŮˣͱҪСӦӵá
¬ڳΪŵһԳӷȥϾѧʱʶģڣʶʱ䣬ǳãǸúˣ¬õû˵˫Ҳ͵˻޵ĵز
ֻȴǰ죬Ž¬ȥģԭֻӸ¬ڣԺҲµΪʲôôŴ¬ȥĸˣΪģΪ֪ﶼЩʲôˣû̸ۼ޵ĵزôҴŮѻؼҡ
¬ĸף¬ЦղҪ󣬱ҲҲ֪ǼNͷӸС飬ȻҪѳڳӲܶ𣡡
˵¬ѽȻ֪NͷǶķϻҲͲ˵ˡߵһҲףĸҲܰԧѽҵӻҪġ֮ǰҪɣ˽죬ҸʮˣǼǱߣ͸ʣµİɡ
¬ĸ˵׼ѽҲ֪ǼҵǰڼŮƶᳬʮˣҪôˣʵǡ
ĸھͽ׼Һ̫ˣѾ˽֤ϲǱûɹĻҲͬϱģ
¬¬ĸʵڲ֪˵ʲôҪԼôˣôѽ
ˣǲǼҵ˼ȥ죬ֻʵ벻ЩѽǷͨݵģ罻ȦҲСԡ
ĸڿɲˬˣ˵֮ǰ˵ϲƱҪǼҳһģȻҶӸǮĸҲ˵ʲôɹڿ£ǼһҪáҶӽ飬һ㳡涼ڲʵ̫ˡ
¬˵̣Ǽʵ벻ôѽ
벻ĻҲýˡ
˵ӵãһŮˣȡ˸˵֣ҲǶһһ֮ɡ
˵˵ʲôǴ飬ʲôʱֵˡ
ӣ˵ҲûȻǼ˶벻ǽһʲô£鷳ǼҵģҸ׼ңǲƨɰɡ
⻰¬Ͳˬˣ˵̣ǼȻûǮҲûȨҰ趼ʵˣͲ˲ìܵģ鷳
Ѿͷô˵ģûûС⻹û飬͸˸˵Ƚ֮󻹵ˡ
ĸҪ·쭣Ժֹȴϣʱ򣬰Ŵ򿪣ſ˵Ұ˵ģʲô𣿡


871 ͨϱ2
ܴȴһ㣬ӷſһվİڵˣһۿ
ӷأ
һӷˣȫܵ˳ӷǰ
ӷһСŮЦСӷ粻ڼңǹԲѽ
ӷ磬СɹˣСǾͲԣСء
ӵԣԶȥɻʲôĳϣӲᵱһ£Ҳ֪﷢ʲô顣
ӷ籧СߵԺǰ˵Ժ˵Ҿ͹ˡ
ӷ磬ôҲ֪ͨһǺȥѽ
ˣԺվҲǺԶ
ӷ翴һڳԼʶˣǾӵļˡ
磬ɡȴǻȥ
ܶ麢Ȼ֪Ҳӵļ䶼ǷǳõģɲҪһЩĻǼסˣԺ˵ԵĺûòӷҲֻܽǴȥ
ӷǰҲ뵽ӷô׼ʱ֮¬ĻˣΪӷǸϲˣû뵽ʼǰ㣬ܳӷжæҪϻμⳡġ
ֻӷı鲻̫ÿǺѾʼĩ˳ӷ硣
ô˵¬ӵѾҵôҲûʲôã¬綼ҵϱ浣ĳӷ¬㽫ŵĹϵá
ӷ磬ǹϵ㰢δ㴦Ҫ༸ѽ
磬İɣҲðġ˭ҰûӹҾҪù
ӷ⻰˵ĺᣬҵûԺȴĺ
ӷһˣԺҲ֪ӷС¬Ĺϵͷǳãһֱ¬㵱׽㿴ǰ岻õʱֻҪһ۸¬㣬ӷƴվ¬ǰģοڵĳӷѾ̫үˣһ֪¬ί˭ܱ֤ӷʲô
֪ӷ粻Ǹ嶯ˣţΪĳھǽŵĻ˵ڶ֪ԭŵϰ壬ǳӷ磡
Ҳĳӷȴźǻع¶Ժȥˡ
¬ӷҲǷǳϲ¬¬ĸǰҲǳϲӷӣǰ֪ӷ翼ϾѧΪӷˣǸʱҲ˵ӷɽʧٶе
ڱϾҵڳܶ飬¬һҲ̫ˡ
ӷ磬ż𣿡
ֳϣ¬һʹı飬֪ӷݣҵǰñ¶¬ɲ뿿Լ̫үܵҵ˶Լ࿴
㣬һʱɣ
治ʱ򣡡
¬̾˿¬ߵӣڵɫҲǳѿ
֪ӷĸĸʲô˵ģϴγӷԺӾͼʶ˳ӷ֮ʹĴԺЩˣûһк³ģԼļ˰ѳӷˣҲûùӳԡ
Ϊ˲Լļȥӷλ̫үȽ֣ܵ裬λСĵܵܣгӷ磬ڻϾѧ飬ѧϰɼǳã
û˵ӷ罫ǰ;֮ԶĸʵҲͬһѽѵǹ¶Ժģ
Ժ˵ˣӷǹ¶ԺĽ
ԭһҰ֣˵ôôԭҰֶûġ
ĸЩ˵ĿУ¶ҰûʲôֱΪǿҰֵĻǵĸĸὫƽһƿڣһУǶ˿ģģûУڣӷҲǸоĵˡ
ǰɣ
ĸͲۿӷ磬ղŵĻһ˵裬˵Щʲôѽ
⺢ӣôϱ𣿡
裬ʲôֻǡ
˵ˣҾǿЩûнҰ֡
ĳϣ˵ԼҰ֣ӷ粻ȫҲŹ֡ڣйڰҸӷɲ
ǣҲϣǲҪ̫ˡ
㣬ҪҶ֪ءҲ绰ҡ
Աߵ¬Цӷ磬ڿԴֻģһֱػأҲϵ㣬ֻ˵һˡ
ԡ¬ʵڱǸҲ̫ϰֻǰʱΪ˿ԵæϰΣԾû
ͺáӷ磬ҿԺһȥɣ죬¬Զٱ㷹
¬óӷղҵ̫۸ˣ¬Ҳûӷĸĸ¬¬ĸǸ˵Ļӷ硣
¬¬ȻҶˣ̸£ҿҾɡ
ҵҲ˵ʲô֮ǵĿľҪⳡɲǶˣ
СѽЩ̫֣Ҳ֪ǼҵҲҪһǼҡǼɶͷָҲʱǵĻŮǱһĿ˶벻ǿǺܶģǵλЩֻͬôѽ
¬ΣѵԵ޷ĻԷͱˣ飬Ҳգ
ӷ֪ĸԣܺǿģҲΪСĻɡ
¬˵ӷǰ˵ˣ㣬ڻĻϣǰǸ˾ϰ壬ֿ˼ҷֹ˾Ǽҹ˾ʲôţ켯Űɡ
켯š
ǽҵ֮һˣӪǵӲƷ˵ǽǰҵ֮С
¬һĺͿʲô켯ţʲôϰ壬ʲôԼģЩԼô֪
ӵ˵켯ţСӣҲδ̫˰ɡ켯ŵĶ³ȫٴҵ֮һĺ켯ȫҵٴ֮ڣ˵˼Ҹϰ壬ôܻôһȥ켯ţǿЦ
ӷҲ˵ˣ㣬λǰȥһʡǣϴβǸ˵ʡǸӵ쵼ıȥʡǾ᲻ϲƣȻ˵֪¬¬Ϊʲô֪ͨ˵ϲҪء
ʡӵ쵼˭ѽ
ҵ˼ȻŹȻĵʡӵ쵼ֻһǿǽʡĵһѽˣʡί¬ҵıף˭أ
˵ҵˣ¬¬ĸһĲ԰ף˵ӷѽ⺢Ҳ̫ᴵ˰ɣǼʡ쵼ѽⲻڵ
¬һĿɬӷ磬㵽
ӷҲϸ˵㣬ҿֻڸһǾԲģ˼ʹϵ˵ûиµġ
ۡ
ӵĸ̲סպȵһڲ˳
Сӣ㿪ʲôЦ˵ûô˼ʹϵУҲЩˡ
ӷЦλ㲻֪˰ɡʵأҰһֱܵ͵ģνкܶ˱ϲƵģȫǱʡĺܶ߹ٹ壬Ұ鷳Ҳ̫ҡԲûǡǿԷģ˵ҰЩѻ᲻ģǱ߾׼һ£ʱӴҰЩѰɡ
ҵ˿ӷʵ̫ˣûˣԺǶ
ӷһ򶨣ЦҿʱҲˡǸ˭ˣҿַ͵ΪֹˣȻȥ׼һ£ʱһеæġ
ͷȻӷ罫һƵ¬ϣֲɵӣ᲻֪λ̫үǲԼֳȻǰĻеӣǰġ
ҷʵˣĸ˵ȻҪôͷǾǳȥĸϻ
һ¡
ʲô¡
ӷЦҲûʲôǰһڸպе̨ѾҰϢȫÿһλڣǶλҪȢϱ飬ǵӦѾ֪ˣǻǲ룬ҵ飬޹ء
ӷ⻰Ǻ˵ģֻҪҵѣҲɵ绰ȥʣһˣ͵ֱӸԼѡ
ңǵȦӣҪ飬ͬ¸ô᲻֪ȻѾչزֻܷȥˣ
Сӣ֡ߡ
ˣǵµǻټ


872 ͨϱ3
ʱӱĸȥ򣬸ĸһΪ¬ǰ˵ʲô¬á
Ҳ˽ŮѵԸ¬Ϊ˱ȽϺǿȻڸѧȥһݸĹɴڹ¶Ժϲ顣¬Ը˵ԼĸĸͣҲ磬¬ҲһΪ˲ĸ̫ѿʹ֣ؼʱ̣Ӳȥ̼¬㣬ӲԼĸĸٶ¬κεĿ
¬ĿҲδ̫˵ɣʲô켯ŵϰ壬ʲôʡ쵼ҵɵˡһؼңͺǲˬ֮ǰԼĴ̫Ļͷˡ
ֲҲСļͥ˵˵ŮĴС㻹ΪЩССĴС̫֪ߵغΪһǮƽͿȥԼˣȴ޷ȥӴĴСȦӣϣͻȻȻγһΪǵ̬ȣ
ӺڷʱԼþûʸ˵ΪСһԼҪ飬㲻ףҲͰˣ˵δɩԼ˵ĲǣһãһСӸ˵Ļ
ұ졣
ǸˣûƢ飬ܻûһƢ
һŭҲܲˣ¬Ļ浱ԼǸɫˣNʲôûѽȻʲôҵϰ壬ʡ쵼ѹǣʵǡ
˵һĻĶ㲻
磬Ϊá
ΪҺãӦף硣ڴɩûţ㶼Щʲô˵ЩʲôĻ㲻ҲˣæҲͰˣȴԱ߲ͣ˵δɩĻ
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λˣǵٵģܶһߵͬ־뱻ڱָָģǻϵ顣
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873 ͨϱ4
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ӷСӸ¬ͬһʱŮŮƣӾŵ㿪ʼŮ߽֮󣬽ŲзǱߵ顣
ϣ¬ĿˣûгʮŰһ㣬ļǳӷ¶ԺˣΪˣԺҲͬΪԼôһԵĺ˷ѣ
ȻԼˣ¬Ҳй¶ԺԼǱߵļһϣкü¬ҵǱʲô
˵ûУ֪˭һױС㣬Ϊӵ»Ҳʵ̫˵㣡
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ʲôЦ˵ǹ¶Ժˣô͵ҿһСǰ͵ģ֪СҪˣҲϣĺ𡣡
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ӷ磬ӷ磬һ¡
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㣬ͷĺˣһжOKġ
˵Ȳ˵ңҵĻɴ˵⣡
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ӷһ֩С¶첻õĻҲ⽭ȥˡ
֩ĿΪѵӣ˵СʱҲ̫˰ɡ˻JУNҪһСʱءңNǱ߾ûһݽɫһЩСආҲ첻µġ
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ӷ罫绰Ҷϣ¬ߣ˵㣬СʱʵڲˣҪһСʱҿɣȻϱ·ȵ˽Ǳ֮ұ֤κġ
¬¬ĸԺȫˣʵС㣬ڵôѽ
ӷ˵ҿðȴƽʱ·ɣȵ˽Ǳ֮˵
ӿʱҲˣڱȥ˵ϽȥС·ֱȥƵɡ
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ʲô黹ǹ죬ɴأĸŭ
裬ɴ˵⣬СĵܵѾȥˡ
ʱЦˡʱ䣬ڶѾʮˣеĿ˶ѾˣҪĸİǽӴˣǵڲŵɴûУ⡭
裬ȲҪ˵ôˣǻȥɡ
ȥɴûȥǲӶҿɶ档
ҵݴӾƵ¥˵ø磬ٵˣеĿ˶ˣкܶ쵼ڳء
ӷҲû˵ʱ䣬дԼӵӣ֩һϵġ
֪ںΪѣҲܲȥˣԼǸõ˵ˣкܶ쵼ڳʵڶǸѽҵҲ˲ŮߵĿˣӣֻһĻˣ
ڳӷߣ¬ߣɸǳˣ


874 ͨϱ5
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һ˼ӣɫ̾ͱˣղдˣҲûϱӣһҪεԼеȫ˹ˣûŵĶϱԼôӣԺ󻹽Լôѽ
ǸѾͷӵӣ
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ʲôҲ̫ͳˣѵһ׻ɴǮûǸ˭
ĸΪѵүǰ˵֣ȱѾͻɴˡ
үҿ鲻Ҳգ˶Ѿˣȥ滹ķš
λү쵼ݵģܶ쵼Ĺϵǳãƽһ´齫ʲôģҲкܶͬүӣǸʲôʱ飬үӶ˵ˣˡֱǰϣүͻȻӵϱĵ绰˵Ҫˣڽ죬ʹүӷǳˣ·ϵЩëһӶˡ
ĻϲμԼӵĻҲԼϱôϾ֮ǰҲûԼڣһɴѾͷԼϱү춪ûˣ
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үҪˣܶڳĿҲ֪ΪʲôȢһĶϱôѽ
˵үүʵ˵ˣǸŮ˲Ȣɴǲǰѽ֤ˡ
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ʵ¬ǰҲ˵ǼүģԼĸĸǳүӣһ˵ĹȫүӹϵŵģNУүӾݺܶˣҲһķ
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¬үǰ˵үү;˵⣬ɴҲϾ͵ˡ
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¬ٴγǰʱӦǾ仰˿װ𿿽װѽڵ¬㣬λǧС
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үӵɫһѵ˵ղŵĻһڵͷһҵӣţԼӣȢһʲôϱѽǳԾ黹û꣬¥£һˣΪ׵Ǹˣ΢֣һЦֶŮѽôô£֪ͨɵģĲˣ
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ŶСҵֶŮѵǲ֪𣿡

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үһƨĿԼϱĸҲһһţϱţѽԼĶбѽȻȢһͨϱڸղû̫󣬲ȻԼңɾ鷳ˣ


875 
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û֩ŵģҲǰճӷķԸÿڵһСֹ¬ų棬֩ҲѾԸȥˣȫҪ˹һ㣬ܸƽһ˵
Щʡ쵼ûȥӷкΪǲǳӷ磬Ҳ֪ԼֻҪ̫үԸͿˣԼ޹ء
Ǳߵ̽оƵϰ彫ĿȫߣҪҾƵݵǧĿˣ
һæ֮еĿ˻϶ѾϲҲѾʽʼˡ
ĸ¬ڻûиԼĶȥƣ̨˵˼仰֮ĸںǿλͨĶϱһļ䡣
Сѽǰʲôĵطϣ㲻ҪȥҲ֪ĸģϣŮĻ֮ǰ
¬ʵܲмţû취˭ԼѾǷأ
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¬ûнһ衱㣬ĸȻĳϱԼѽ
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Ҳĸ˵ʲô¬Ҳ̫֣˵ЩĻϾⳡϷǳӷһְŵģԼһϵûУЩˣԼҲһʶ
˽ⳡϲ磬¬NУӦòκ˸ҶôˣͬӣпΪⳡ쵼Уƽƣֻһ仰顣
¬㾭ٿλɩʱǱ飬ŷ츲صת䣬֮ǰĲмڵ𾴣ԼĴȢһͨţԼҽҲһдôġ
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һˣҵıףҲı硣
ղź˵ǺڵϵˣҶںڵϵ鲻̫Ҵܻһ㡣
˵ǸŮ˽֩룬䲻ȴڵϵĴҲлˡ
ɣôСͣǽڵϵͷˣ
󾪣ڱ֮ǰԼλɩ˼ʹϵ
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еĿӵϣ˫ķǳ󡣴йڵֲ̫˰ɣ
˵һ˵ڲ֮󣬾ҪһĵսˣǾйδʮ»ʵ֮սһӮˣǾ͵ڳںڵĹڵˡû뵽Ǹ¬ȻôĹϵϲƣ
Ҳ˵ʲôȻ֪Щ£ҲͿʼԼĴˡԼĴǹԼĴɩȴĺڰйϵòӰ쵽ǰ;ɡ˵У˺ڵ֮⣬ǻʡ쵼ǶԹˣ˵¬ı壬Ųʲôġ
¬ϲţ˶Ŀ˽ϣûκȥһNĬĬŵĳӷ磬Ӳ֪ڳͷģλ̫ү
ӷȴ¬޸ҪԼʱӵһ绰绰óӷɫһϲȻһһϲһ󣬳ӷ緢һŸ֩룬ţϲϣˡ
Ժӷأ¬޹ʱȴѾӷˡ
Ժ˵ղ˵ȥ绰Ϳˡæǵİɡ
¬ܲ˳ӷˣϲ֮ȥлɡ
ھƵſڣ֩ˣʵʲô£
ӷ罫һ֧ڵ̶˵ϣ˵ڵˡ
ѵֱȥϾѾжˣ
ﲢû¶ȥĴҲȫǼٵġڵ񣬸һҲûжǱءﲻʱ񣬵ǰǰء
ѵѾ֪ʮֵˣ
Ҫһ֪ʮֵǲ̫ܣһȴѾ֪ˡ
֩һأʮҲûù񣬿Լλô֪һݵģ
֩룬طļԶԶѽţĵطҲӦȥɡ
ȥ
ھʹȥһС￴羰ɡ


876 
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벻ǣΪؼʱ̣֮أȻй¶˳ȥֱӴ˳ӷĶСӷҲ벻ʮֵ֮һȻNУ
ڵ񣬶Ǽ̳ʽģһˣǵļ̳˾ͻ
ӷNʮ꣬û뵽֮һͬһ֮УҲһԵְɣֻǰĳӷ磬ʲô֮Ĵڣû˵
֩뿪һԽҰ뿪ճӷָķNеһСسУ־СسǣһСׯ֮⡣
˵NеıԵˣСׯѾNеĹϽΧ
Сׯӷǰûһ·Ҳ˴·ģׯ֮ʱӷ֩붼˳СׯƶǷǳԣѾûνݣȫɻ·ӣɴ˿ɼNũķչ˵˵ˣⷽĹNлͦġȻһũҪչ⿿Ҫ˻ϣŬ󸻲С
壬ֲˮģҲNũˣסĴÿÿԼأԼˮԲֲˮȴͬҲǴɲĹͣΪì¼ʱ򣬾Ѿã˭ʲôˮÿ궼ῪһλᣬԳǩģʽôԼȥԼһֲһˮ֮䲻ìܣɲҲͷʹһֵˮгͣǵڶͲһˡȻϰٻ˼ңһóͬһˮĻҲֻ˵Ǽ˵ùˣ
ӷվڴʱѾŵһζˮҵζиָˮ㡣
Ƽʱ˵ÿһˮҪضĵλòֳģ壬ͿֲָˮҲ˵Ĵ˻ֲˮ֮⣬ԿƼ¸ҲǳС
һũͣĳũϵˮҪ͵ȥģֻ˵ĳȥⶼôˡ
ӷ˲ûпų壬ǲнȥģһ壬ͿԼ֮⣬кܶǵӣӦöˮģϾˮҪˣҲССĴׯַǳ
СӣǼҵƻɣִֺ󣬷ǳóԵġ
һԼſڣǰڷźܶƻȥҲ˵ִֺӦ÷ǳóԵӡ
ɳӷĿĿɲΪˮģΪӷӵϢеһ֣塣
̫ˣû뵽֮һȻϼӡ
֩룬ǲʣҵô֪ϢģϢǼ٣
ҵȻ֪ˣϾڵ֮أ⼸ʮ˵֪ġ
£ʱܸ㡣
֩Ҳʣʵ֩Ѿ뵽˵ʲô
˵ǰʱھȳһСѾͷСѾͷ˰ϵĸ֣˳үӵŮѵ飬СѾͷڴ
飬ӷûиκˣⲢ˲ȥ롣Ѳɣصڣôõʱ䣬ǳӷͰźõģڣذ飬ڵذѾˣǳӷһĲ
֩һ벻ͨ˵ʮ֣ÿһ˵ΪѾ˶ɽپ磬ӷʵǿҪһɽپĸ֣ҲֺðɣȻˣΪʲôҪʱܹˣ
ӷôģʲô֩Ȼ벻ⶫͷͲǳӷˡ
ڴ˿̣һʵ꣬һ峵ӷ߳󺰴еȫ˭ӵ⣬Ӹûꡣ
ǳ³çС·ϣһ峵ϳµģԱߵĴȫ˿
ôСӣÿζ˻ҩƵġ
ӣ㻹˵һﻹͦŬģȻûʲô飬ֲʶһˣСС;ֳ˶õˮѾ㲻ˡ
˼峵꣬жӵ͸ӷһӣǲĽʲôÿƺܰԵϵĴȴûȥ
Сӣˣϸҹ
֩Ű峵Լ˳һ˰峵ϣֱӸһǧѹ峵ѹˡ
һ峵һأˣҲ˵ϡ
ӷ̾˿֩룬ǲ̫嶯ˣ壬ЩˣԼ뿪ѡ
ڵϡѽˤˣָ֩룬ŭŮˣӡУҵҽҩѣʧѡҿѽŮܣץס
ôһУΧеĴΧ֩Χסˡ
λС㣬Ҳ̫ˣΪѧ˼书Ϳӵһʧ
ǣЩ˶ر˵Ͷʵ
֩Σӷǰ˵ʵڲ˼⳵⡣
ûôס
ӱһ˷ߵӷǰ˵⳵ҿǴӦҵĿ˵ģҵĿ˻ڵţӶˤˣǲҪҵʧҵĿҲһΪ²ٸˡ
ӣҪթˣ
ӷʵҪ٣
һڼۣǧ
ǧ࣬һʲôʧҲﲻǧѽȻӷСǴүӵĻںôǮֻϧӷҲǴСܿ೤ġʲô飬ϲۣҲϲҪۡ
ǧǲ̫˵㡣ǧҪ
ʲôǧҪˡ
ΧĴҲͬ⣬壬㿪ѹһҲҪһǧģǴ㻹ףǲģжǮȨãһÿļһҪƴѵ㻹ܽȫɱⲻɡ˵ӷܽȫɱ⣬Ҳĵȥֳֺõѽ
Щ񣬳ӷҲˣϱ˵ģ֩Ҳǳ㣬ԼٴڵҲûá
ҿǸǧɣ
ӷЦһǮˣԼֵģûҵȴһ鷳
Ǹɣǵù
ӷ磬ôѽͻأһŮ˵Ⱥڴ
ӷ糯ķȥãˣ
ѩô⣿
Ҽѽ㲻֪𣡡
ѽѩӷͬNУҲ֪ѩүүϸסNбԵĴׯû뵽塣
Ȼˣ¾ͺðˡ
ӷǰѩ˵˼䣬ѩ֮Ҳ֪Ƕ˵ЩʲôǶӵ˵ͷ˵һǧͿˡ
ʵۣһӣһǧҡ
֩뽫Ǯ˶ӣѩʵˣѾżˣҲǻİɣ
ӷЦѽ¶Ժһꡣ
˻ǲѽôһӸ磬ȻǵĹ¶Ժ
ǣҵǹ¶Ժȵġ
ҪȵҼȥɣүүһġ
ӷһ£ƺѩΪԼˮģѩǱˣƶԼǸֻаġ
ǺãҲܾûүˣȥɡ


877 ֵĺϸ
ӷȹϸ͵ҵĶˡ
ӷȻˣոŮϾĺϸ˷ܣ
ЩϸһֱӷԶٷ˵һٷ޷л⣬ϸģҲЩˡӷײβϾҲҲӷҲǼȥѧУģû뵽˻ȻԼӷ硣
ѩδϾҽѧԺʱһֱȻǾˣǺϸȻҪ³ӷ΢һᡣ
֮ڣѩʵʲôʱģ
ջ졣
ǴǴˮ𣿡
ʵҹкü£ںܶ˶ѾæµˣΪܸȫ˹꣬Ҫǰ׼еһС
ںѩϸѾϰСˣƾѩĸô˵ҲҪ
ѩĸĸҪһģΪʱ޷尲ţһҽԺʲô飬Ҫ뿪չȥģҲǺѩĸĸΪʲôЩûϼҹҪԭ
òϣѩĸĸǺҽҲΪߵܶǸλϣΪԺҲû˿ĵҲǺϸСͽ̵ӵġ
ϸǳԭǺϸһɫĶӣϾҽԺԺҲΪиŮǴĴ廨ǺϸЩһֱػȫ˵
ںϸҽӷ粢˽⣬һǿԿ϶ģϸŽ𺺽ѣҽٲҲʲôطȥСһҽȫ˵ĿУϸȴǾԵҽ򣬸ղǶҲΪѩļ仰ҳӷ鷳ĴҲΪѩʶӷһ¾ɢˣ
ʵ˵ġ
ˣ
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ѩţȴȥѯʲôǳӷʵѩӦúɣ
ǵȻģҴСﳤ󣬶ڴÿÿҶָơ
ǾͺˣӦܰҵҪҵˡ
ӷ磬˵Ļһ˵ϵĴ󻰡ݣȻҪҵˣһôҰɣ
ӷЦȷѹֽ𺺽ڻΪѧˡûҪҵˣǳңһҲ֪֣ڶҲ֪Ա𣬵Ҳ֪ͣ˵ʲô֪
ѩµ
Ȼʲô֪Ҫôȥң
ֻҪңǴûʲôر˾Ϳԡ
رˣʲô˼
˵ǳܵģҲ˵书֡
书˵Цˣ˳˻ֲˮ֮⣬Ͳ˵ЩҪʲôֵָĻӦȥѽ
Ҫҵ˲书һǳǿѵǴһ书˶û𣿡
ӷҪҵĿ֣һΪ˶ɽپĸ֣ںѩǰӷȻ˵ʲô֮飬ֻ˵һ书ˡ
ѩЦ˵书һ
ӷ֩ͬʱ֩ʵȥ
ôǸ˾Ҽѽ
ʲô
ӷһû׹ʵһеˣ
ںѩе˵ĻǴˣһԼҪҵˣΪԼ֮󣬸ûо˺ѩү֮ϢԼҪҵļȻǶɽپĸ֣ҪϢԼ֣ҲǺ֮¡
үүѽ
үү
ӷһ䣬ʲôЦϸôܻԼҪҵˣϸǶɽپĸ֣ʱҪԼõҩȥһɽپĸ֣ܻ
˵Ŀģүүʱѧ书ġ
ѩ˵û٣ϸȷӣǵĵʱӷһȥϾʱ͸ѩүͬһڰ·ٷӣǺѩͷͨ˵ǲģʱҲֻкϸſĳֽЩٷӸ򷢵ģǵʱǿĳӷ硣
ҵǸˣҲ书ġ
ѽҲүүҵġ
ӷԲȥɺѩүģôܻ֣մϱѽȻʶôãԼôܻû֡
֩˵֣治ѽ
ॡ
֩뻰䣬ӳǱߣˤ
ӷ֩ۿȥֻϸ㶵վǣһ̸ճõĲˣڵء
ӷ翴źϸȵʱҲûȥʲôϸӷȴ˱仯
Ǹղ˵Ҫ˭
ϸһʣ֩˵˼ңѵ֪𣿡
ϸ͵ҡͷʲôʲôңҲ֪
˵еµģ񣬶˱仯һ仯ȴӷ硣
˿̣߽һˣΪһ꣬һʵСһ㡣
ʦҸʲôóԵˡ
ȻǸղǸӣϸɫһ䣬Զŭҹȥ
ӸѩһǻûϸôƢôˣ


878 ϴ
ӾȻкϸʦϸѧʲôˮǲ̫ܣҽҲǸѧҽѽɲʦͽ֮䵽ʦ̵ʲôͽѧʲôΪʦͽǺϸڶԴͽܵǲе̫гˡߣԳӷ֪ϸԸӦø겻űѽ
˿̣˵ǳӷ磬֩룬ҲʲôԾĵطѲɣ⺫ϸʲôϵ
վǸϸҹȥ
ϸٴһ󺰣Ǵڣ棬˿˵ϸԲܻϵĸ֣
ӷǲ뵽ʲôƵģڶӸ㲻뿪ʱӷ糯֩ʹһɫ̳֩˴ǰٶȺܿ죬ſڸסˡ
ιʲô
㣬ҲѾ˵ϡ
ӿе㺦ˣ˵ֵĻھԵ̫˵ɣ
ϣȻͽܣҿһԶٷɣ͵ҵ֮ǰ³çǸ
ϸϾܾСС첻ѧã֪ǣҶˣǽ߰ɡ
ӷ¶һ˿ЦҲ˵ʲô֩Զһơ
Сĸ˫Ǵϵĸɲȫ˽ģСȻ³嶯˵㣬Ͳ̫ɾ֮⣬ҲǸȫĺöˣȫ¶ǳãҲ֪ͼЩѧˮÿ׬ǮóһԼֻһѡ
ʵˣ¶ûģֻãȫˣҪ¶Ժֵطȥĸ˭֪ӡ
ѩûԼүүôˣǰԶӲͦõ𣬽ӵһ˵ûн̶ҽȴʱôˣһһ֮䣬ҲʦͽƵģ˭֪ϸֻʦͽ֮ȴûʦͽ֮ʵ
ӷЦ˶𡣡
ȻԼľ˶˵ˣϸ˵ʲô
ʮ֮󣬺ѩϸķ˸˵˿ϣںѩղźϸʧֻ̬ǸСӰ쵽ַġ
ϸҲûȥһûи˵һ仰ֻһĳԷ˶ûȥķǳ󣬲һĹѾ뷹ˣǴġ
λֵܵķѽ԰׷ܳ롣
ӵʲôһٳʮġ
ʮ룬ǻ𣬾Ǵ˵еӢۺúҲܳôѽ
ӷʵȾ𣿡
ȣһȸʮû⡣
ʮʲôЦͨܺʮɵ϶֪ǲܡ
ֵ˵Цɣ˵ʮһҪˡ
ţǺȸ㿴Сѩþ
졣
ϸŭһ⽫ѹ
ӷѾ˺ϸʧ̬ӣԼҲҪȥʲôˣΪûҪȥˣ
һ仰˵ĺáҪѰһһ˵ʱΪܶԭҲȴ֪ҪҵĶҪҵˣ㲻䣬Ѿǰˡ
ѩû׳ӷ⻰˼ʵҪҵѾǴ𣿡
պ෴Ǵ壬ҡ
⣬ӷ罫еĿֹͣźϸʵϣûȥǣ
ϸЦҡͷ˵ûС
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ʲôСµģֻǸаˣǴ»С£Ҷȥ֪
û´Ļ϶ʮǰӦòסСׯɡ
ѩԼүү˵үүʱ飬Լ治֪ǰҲûʹΪںѩԣԼүүСׯģģȻ֪ѧ˵ҽׯ˳ˡ
һֱסϾ֮⣬ûȥĵطˡ
Ŷ
ӷᡰŶһ˵ʮǰҹһһӵĴ粨ʱΪԴֹȴӵܵĶ֣Ӵ
ӷ˵߿źϸϵı仯棬ϼһı飬˱仯
ڵʱӴеĸ֣г񻰼֮⣬졢ءаϵеӴΪصĴڣû֪е˶ЩʲôݣʲôԱʲôͣӴû֮ǰǲֵġ
ϸЦС˵淢𣿡
ӷûشϸ⣬ԼĻ񣬹ʮˣÿһΪߣÿһ˵Ϊ˶ɽپ硣ʮпоСҲпǴٴ̣ʲôݣδ֪
ѩʵӷ磬˵飬ʲôϵѽ
ûйϵҪҪǣ˵֮󡣡
ӷ˵ʮǰһս񼸺ȫ𣬵ڣеÿһ֣ŽӰ˵ģоȫˣʮʮֻ֡ڵʱУһҴҴ֣Ͱ˵һȫµ֡ţ˶ʮʱ䣬ȫһĸ֣Ѿ˰ɣ
һ䣬ӷʺϸ
ৡ
֩Ȼɲɵӷ綼˵ˣѵԥʲôɡ
սֱָ˺ϸúѩ󾪣ʵӷ磬ʲô
꣬֩ĵһתӺϸϣת˶ӡ
֩˵Сӣȫµ֡
ϸѾеĿӷ̾˿۾ȴû˵
ӷЦ֩룬Ҫô嶯СֵĻսûʣѾˡ
ȷ֣ɽپ磬֩ʵֻҪһСûˣӷ֮ûȥֹ֩룬Ϊ翴ˣ˭֡
Ǿϼһˡ
ӷҲѾվ˵ϣĿǰڵľƣӦúѾûˣ˵һ֣ΪڣΪĻ³ذЩһһ·һ
ϸ۾ЦǿʨĶӡӣǱˣ


879 ɱ
ѩӵӣǸӷϸ˵е˼Ҳ˵ѽ֮飬һ֪
ӷȴûȥںѩʲôһ˫۾źϸҲû˿ķ֩룬еսת˺ϸ
һ֣Ϊһôľ硣
ӷһ֩ļ˵ôģֻһͨ˰ˣκεв
֩ʵڲףһ֣һģӷΪʲô˵ɣѵӷô϶ϸᶯ
ʵӷ֪飬ԶԶȺϸҪ࣡
˶ʮͨˣԭΪⱲӾȥˣû뵽Ǳˡ
ʵһʼӦòµԼн졣
ȷһֱڵȣȴû뵽ǣδӾѾˡ˵˵ɣô֪ģ
ô֪㲻ҪʣֻҪĽӰˡ
ȻѾ֪ҵ£ҲӦÿĳѾǸˡʮǰѾĸ׸ˡ
ڶʮǰĻķ粨Уʮּ𣬵е˾ôˣס
Զģǻʣһ죬Ҳǲȥ˷ѵġʮǰķ粨񼸺𣬵ȴҴ֪֪ԣʱ㣬ȷǱҸϣ¼ϣֻǹųһˣΪʱҸǾԲὫϵģҪҲԲ»ڣȻҴҲ˵꣬Ҹ׸ûжֺ
ϸɫ䣬飬һĻĻ·ͷ죬ϸǵķǳĿʨôɱԼڵģԼж㣬ڿʨ۵£
ô꣬ԭ˵ʲô޶Ӧ÷ˣϸʮҲûȥ뵱ˣѵ˽죬ʷҪһ
ӷЦ㵱겻ûбϣĺúõģó֮κ˶Ҳ㡣ҲɵϣҲһ·Ϊպ᲻⣬ڶʮǰѾӰ˵ݸֱ֮ĳЩطɺϵǣݸ֮Ҹˡ
׼ôܽ˵֪û´Ļ֮ڣӦ˰ɣ
֮ûҵѾҪˣҪǣʮ֣Ҫһ
ϸѾȥһס˺ѩһס˶ӡ
˵ѩӷͨҲѾʶʱˣǰȥϾ·ϣһԵ֣ӷϾǳҵļ̳ˣΪϸǳһǹϵ淽棬¸ӷѣҲġ
ӷ翴һۺѩӣ˵Աֱ֮𴫹֮һ˴⹦һ˴ҽ֮˵ȫӡڣҪ⿪ӡķӦֻһɣ
ӷĶźѩ˵֡
ʮϸνѽĹȫŮ⹦֮˶ӣ£ȴ֪顣
Сѩȥɡ
ʦ⵽ôһ£
үүǵ˵ʲôѽʲô˭Ҫ𣿡
ѩʵѾһЩߣȴţӷȻɱԼүģ
ôˡСѩ뿪ӺҪ뾡һа취ȥǣֻҪ˾ǣȻ˽ӦǣǸʱΪүүɡ
ϸͰźһУ˵һУǹŵģ
һʧˣһͨûʲôֱϲǳ¡ҾȻģڣͻҰɡ
֪ϸڵˣӷ統ʱһ̣ڵʱ򣬸ӲȺѩΪһ֣Լвʵ̫
ӷ磬㣬ΪʲôҪǣ
ѩʵڱǸΪв̫ˣҽ첻ɱĻպ㽫Ϊҵĵˡ
ģʲôʸΪĵѽ
㻹үүڵˣڹĵˣүүĽӰˣθ֣ԣұҪȡ
ৡ
ɫ˳ӷС
һϦħӣ֪ڵΪСѩķӡδ⿪֮ǰǾԲĶ֡ǣǳҵļ̳ˣǿߣѵͲ±˳Цɱôߡ
νǿߣǲߵʬ̤۷ģ˸ˣûʸΪһǿߣ㣬ѵ𡣡
ϸֻҪϷһ·ңҾͿԱ֤Զڵ˽Ӵ
˼ڵĻŲ
ϸóһذףĲϣ˵ӣˣҾôһŮɱڣҲܵκ˺ֻҪܷŹңҡ
⣬ϸһѽӸ˹û˿ԥ̵һֱ֣Ӵ̴˶ӵؿڣ
ϸһٶúѩ󾪣ͬʱҲǽץס˺ϸ֣˫Ŀźϸû뵽ЩԼôõʦȻɱԼ⣬⵽ôһ£
ӷɫһ䣬ǰϸеذ׸˹һѽӸ˹óһŵҩ˶ӵ
˼ˣ
еҩڣҪһˣֻҪûû⡣
˵˵ϣϢҲûв
ϸʵǲףӷ絽ʲôҪɱԼΪʲôҪȶӣ
ʲô˼ѵ𣿡
ĻҾԲֹΪңûκεô㲻ͬ
ϸϺͿˣҲѾ˳ӷ绰е˼
ȴ
ʵЩѾͨˣֻҪСѩܹĿģҸкѣ
ѵΪ׷ŹΣʱ̣ѾΪ˹жд̣Ʋöãͻټʮ֣ˣʱһղĻһɱģıŮѩ


880 ӡĶɽٸ
ϸΪΪ֣ڵ˺ѩȴԷӡѩڵӡͬʱϸֽ֮˴Сʧȥ˸ĸĶӣȴֻǽӵǿûнκεʽҲΪʲôǿǵĹϵ
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֮ڣپȫɢϾǺȴһֱûõӷͬʱ֩ҲѾڵپ˻غϣ
ӦڵõڽϾǵϢһʱϻģ֩뻹Nе˳ӷ缸죬ӷӰҲ֪֩ٴNˣҲ֪ôûĺڵһ⼸ھչԼĴԼֵǰƴɱԼȴһȫĵطˣҲ̫˵ȥˡ
ǣپѯ֩ӷΪʲôûʱ֩Ϊ˲Ӱ˵飬ֻ˵ӷ绹ҪԼ߱Ҫסţڳӷû֮ǰԲײ
Ȼ֩Ҳǲĳӷ磬ϾǽɽУһɽ·ʲôģʹˡֲ֩òȥųӷ磬Ͼӷ漣̫ˣԼЩˣ˴ںڵʱ䣬ʣˣ˭㡣
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סԼɴñĿǰЩν쵼ͳһ뷨ǱҲѾϢϾǵ飬˭Ҳȥ֣һʣڳ˭ҽ뿪һ²ؼңҲԸġ
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896 սǰ֮ս
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ƴţ˵ĳǰ棬ڶʮ֣û˿η壬νڴ˿ɡ
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֪ӷȺ̫ӵͷһҪӵȻѾ޷ֹˣҲܲѽӲٽ͢óô˵Ҳйڵ飬˼Ҳ͢ӣҲôѽڻ֪ڵһս˭˭Ӯһλڲ֮أ޷ӷгĻԼ͢ΪУҲǵòκκôġ
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ӷ˫ڶɨһȦ˵󸣬ҳأսڡ


898 ڴս1
̩ɽһսＸ۷ֱ޵еɱڻһѪħ֪һҪڳ۵ֻǲ̫ˣôʹӵֻɡ
붫һսϵڵδϵ˹˵ӣ֮һ죬ݲκڱ˵һлͬʱҲ֪˵·ҵļ̳ûµĻǳǱߣǲԳֵģҲ˵ǳԶɽǳۣ붫һսУǲͬʮǰһܳô֣ԶɽҲûֹ
һս۵Ĺ֮ܲڣԯվڹߣ棬һڵĶ֣ȫۼڴˡ
ȫûУ
ʵϾ飬Ѿ㱨ˣȻΪһжǳӷŵģȻѾ֣ǳӷµĴսҪʼˣйĵ»ʵ֮¹˭֣δһ
ԯ˵ڣ
ৣৣৡ
ŵӰڸֵǰ棬Ÿһ֣ڵֶǣģŴֵıӰ
ֵĴ˵һж񣬲ڲ磬ֻҪ̸ÿһ˵϶¶η֮ɫڲĳԱδĳ֣ʮǰʮǰЩˣҲȫѾˡ
Ŵ֣ˣĸŮˣټһѩĻǾŮʮΪѾ˶ɽپĸ֣빫ԯҲ֮ң
ڣΪ𶫰ɱӷ磬ﲻ񶼸˳Ҳ˵һսѾʮǰһսˣΨһͬǣʮǰǱɱԼܲ죬ԼҪɱ˵ĵȥ
Ŵȫڹǰȴûһ˵ġǾ֮໥ʶҲδ棬ǵݣҲֻйһ֪ԯ֪Ǿƽʲôģʲôط
УŴֵϣΪˣҲƽֻһԹƣҲо䣬ڣǶڵƣһ˭棬仰˺ܶˣɽʮ񣬾ͱΣʹڵǰȣûࡣ
ܷڼʮǰͿεһսˣǱΣǵξҪһԵķҲҪڣֶˣ
ʵһû䣿
ԯ˵ǲܳˣҿҪˣҪǱӷˡ
ⲻܣӷ֡һɽپĸ֣ԳӷǵΪ˵žҲܽɱġ
ڲ˵ʱ򡣶Ǳ߼ȻѾ֣Գӷֶ˵ǲֹͣġǱҪϵϾǵȷ沿ӣȫҪ⡣
һҲԣڶǱѾûֹͣˣһ֣ǾͱҪڶΣֻܱԼ̵ķݡ
Ǳûʲô
Ͼ֮ǰﻹĵġ˵Զɽ۲飬ҵЩʵ̫࣬Ҳ̫ǿ󣬳ԶɽĴǣ۵ʮ䣬ɲҪؼʱ̣Щһ˳Ǿ鷳ˡ
ǱѾ˵ӷȷǰҪҽѾԳҸӵ˵ӷ粻ȥĻǲɳȥӷġ
ǺáʱҲѾˣ֮ǰϵϾ
ǹﻹԯ벻ӷȥǱ߽ģǸϾپˣ֪ϹҸФ
ϹҸФѾصϾڽıʲôطû֪ϹҸФҲ֪
ϾФ·ɻͶϹ˵ˣʶ𣿡
ûǡ
ȥپ˵ҽȥģپӷֵܣҲ绰˵һģ˻㡣
ʱŶǱǲκһǲʶˣФ绰ȥϹپǵ涼
ǱߵѾˣҪ˰֣ФģϹ˵ڵ֮Ф֪ǳӷڹΪѵһսҲһսֻʤˣ͵ԣʱӷǱǶһ־ͶһҲ֪Ϲܰﵽ٣ФҲɵȻϹСʱܴӰ˵оȳԼǾ֤ϹһֱʲôЩ飬Լ֪ġ
Ϲҵͷ⼸治̫ƽڼҪš
š֪ˡҸӷ˵һӦҵģһҡ
İɣѾɹ赽˳Ǳߵı仹֪Щʲôˣ۵Բǳصġ
뿪֮ФûлؼңǷϾѧ¹ҪãӷǱߣФֻϲԱˡ
ϹҾֱӳϾǣȥҶۼ֮ء
ܲԱİ칫ң㱨ԯѾ뿪˾ǣϾ
ôģ
˽˷ɻ
û뵽ڻ˽˷ɻЩһƽﲻ⣬ӣҵ׻ѽ
˵ڶʲôʱˣԯˣӷǱߵƲ࣬ǿĻЩҲڵĶѽ
˵˵Ŀ϶ǼٵģڵʲôãѵһģǱ߾Ͳᶯ˵һսӦҪ¸²ſʼģǰˣǻƴţǼǳġ
һԱ칫ң˵ǱߴϢ˳ӵ١
ȫ˵ڳˡ
ѽôڽڹѾˣ»ѽ
ȻѾˣǾͲٵġ
԰칫ھŸֵ˵λֵܣʮҲѾܾûֹˡ붫֮һսӣֻǸһսڵ׸ļһȻܵϺȥвǵˣӴֵزǹңѾˡ
šҶȥ׼һ£ֻȶڿսǾͳֶԸڡҪסΣΪҳڣԲǰﶫ


899 ڴս2
Ϧ£һƳȻ֮⽫ߵϦ棬һ׹⻺
½֮ʱҹת̣֮˵澰ƽＫټ춼ڷΪĹϵܶʱ½ָ֮ߣҪͬʱ̫֣ҪʱϵϣͬʱҲҪϡ
پ˷ɢϾüطۼһڻͻȻϮĻڶ˵ǴĲֲ飬ɵϣȥɡ
ͬʱֵ£پȶļսǻɢǿҵս⣬Ϊ죬һǳرӣҲǳӷλһŵӣŵپĶ£δҲҪȥ룬Ȼ˳ӷ磬Ȼ·ǾҪٷ֮ٵųӷ硣
£һ̴죬ӽ죬Ͽʼ졣
˵ǰһУµĵ̣һԵĻǽ죬սµĿʼֻҪһ̨ټйưԣ˲û˸˵һ仰йĵ»ʵֻۣһȴٻ֪λ»ʵ۵֣֪ģֻǡ֡
һֻӥвͣķţΧϾǵϿգһӥԵ˵׳ۣⰲţڰﶫ㡣
ִ硣մϢڴһϼһ˵Ĵ£ѾϾǡ
Աܵپǰ㱨
پ˵ͷʵӷ粢ûиǼڲ飬ڵʲô֣پҲ֪ڣƴţһ𣬹ڲ飬СھǳĻƴţǲ̫ΪٸԽ̻֮Ůĺܡ
ֻ֣һ߲㣬뷽쵼֪ЩԵĸ֪֪پˣȴڲ֪ҲҲپ̤֮ѵǰᣬ֪ڵ֮ǽҪ֮ˡ
ѾϾһˣӦþǶɲԯˡ
پ̾˿һ죬ڵˡ
˵ǻʲô˶ѾȽǵĵˣڣóʱͳְɡ
ûѾôˣռǵĵҲôˣֵͲסӣҪɱȥˡʯͷ˵
پһ̣ȻӷλδǰչأҲ˵һֱӷ磬Լڵʱַʲô£λ̫ġ
ȡ
һ˵ڣ׺ܲˬ̫ĸڵ˵׶̲סҪ˵䡣
˰ɣٵȥĻЩһﻹΪء
̵һۣСӸƴţһ鷳ӷҲѵˣԣΪӶｨڣ鲻ʲôʱҲˣ㽭Ǳֳ飬Ǿ÷⣬ӷ綼ûô
ɵ֮ս󣬶ڲһҪһ£ϾԽڵͻԽ࣬ǧҪκ⡣
ǰѾˣǰƴţôһ֣ȻΪǶҪ֣ӷµҲͲ˿Ŀˡ
ף֪ڳһԯ֮⣬Щʲô֣
׵һ֪˹ԯ֮⣬һ񣬹ʮ֡Ŷˣ֩һӦûоŸ
֪֪Ȳ˵ԯϵĸվһԽЩͷˣȫˡ
̿ɲڴʿֻҪЩ֪ڵһսʲô棬κһСϸڣκ⣬һߴһǾǲһӴ̽䡣
׼˶ͷһվͿԽԼЩͷȫˣʣҪεȵʵ
ôֲɣĻǻëɣʲôʲôҸپϾѧǸȥ
ҪȣӷΪϣһ񿹺ĸ֡
˿̣Ⱥ֮УһӰ߳һ֣ȫһеȫָǸˡ
ᣬԼˣ
ϹҲ֪ʲôطð˳Ҳͨģû鷳
پֹסˣʵʣǷϹֵܣ
û´ĻλֵӦþǶõҲǶĵһսپˡ
¡
˵˵ҾϹҡ
ϹֵܣлǰҶﹲͬڡ
ʵپһ˭
ǾֵܣղФѧ绰˵һֵܻᵽߣǶԸڵġ
ȻФ绰ˣǾͲʲôˡ
Цʱ򣬻Ҷﹲͬ˵ģܽΣ׵ĺֵܡ
ƴţѾطסˣ˵ǼȰɣȽȥ
ţ㻹ֵĲ嶯ʮӲĻͲô콫ԯˣ
ѺҲûֻ̫ƴţϾһս綼Ҫġ
ƴţ˵һԱǰ˵λ㣬һȺˣ˵Ǿѣǵġ
پһҵ롣
Զ֮սڻ֮ǰ͸پ˵ȶھսʱһģһɣҵˡ
Ĵ£еĹţʮˣȫ
λֵܽãּˡ
ͼƴţǼˣԼˣҲͲ̫
ִ磬һˡ
پڿɲ²ʲô˵ˣԿ϶ǣԲڵˣڵôֱͨӾɱˡ
پǶ໥һۣͬʱǰһͷģһߣߵ߸ŵģ۴ӣ¡
ڻɽ󣬿˵ӷʶˣ˵پƴţ֪Ѿȫλˡ
λڳôˣӷأ¸һʵ
˵ӷ˻ûли֣ѾۼϾˡ
Ҷʵû´ĻλС㣬Ӧþ̫ɣ
ʦΪһ£̫̣Ҳ޵ĸͽ
ޣѵҲ
̵ǰɾͿˡʦģϾڵ飬ʦò֡
ʵҲ֪ʲôطŹùó˵̩ɽʱԼĹ۸ɱˣڻ֪ʲôطأ
ִ磬սˣ
䣬̵ȫһųԼĶԱ


900 ڴս3
ڸڶ࣬ȳӷ֮սĻǶߵ޷ҲΪʲôپɱϾǵҪԭ򡣱ϾǶɽٳڵĸ֣оŸŴ֮ϣ۷徳ĸ֣̾Բȥðգ
ڵսѾ͵֪⼸ʮڻǵһһ´ս飬ɼƱ𶫰ɱԼˣԼ˲ɱȥȳӷ磬ǹƹҲֱӴڸ֣ɱ
ǵȵɱȵһɱȥһǳѡ壬һѡˣǺɲܳеأ
˵˫ȫŵ̵ϣҲֻλ̫ܴӷ´κ治̵֪׻ôȥ
ƴţӸڴʱ˿̳׶˺ţ˶վͬܲôˣɱǾͻǳ
ƴţڳΪ嶯˵ģȴĿǰΪص⣬ҲǷǳȷġ
ûɱԼ߾ͻԵĺܱˣȲ˵ԼЩͷֵܵסڸֵ֣ܵãҲᱻɱֲġ
ʲôΪҪʿʿǵʿԾһսĳɰܣһɱֲǶʿڸֵɱҲ̼ʧӷŬҲͰ׷ˣ
ѾûѡˣڱƵһս鶼ѾԼˣѵԼҪõȳӷΪڣؼʱ̣һͷڹ겻ɣ
Լڸ֮ԻǰϾΪǼôڡ
ȻתӢ쪣˵پ
ڡ
õ׵ĶӶϾǡ
ڵȵλ̫ˣپ׵ս⣬ҲǴʱȫ˳ҲڵǿһôĵزȻѾߵһǾû˿·ˣӲˡ
ǡ
ˣ֩롣
ڡ
õǡ
ǡ
ʯͷ޳ɡ
ڡ
Ǵõǡ
ס

ˣˡ
̨壬ţӱϾǡ⣬Ϲҡ
СʲôԸ˵ɣϹһƴһս
ܺáȻӷֵܣǾһϾǸˣԱ
û⡣
ķڽǺ󣬶ڵҲ֮棬һҪȾۼһ֮ٵȴҵ
پ˵ǡ
Ｘȫźˣ׷ȴһĲףʵĸʲô
˵֮¡
ֵ飿׷ʲô֣ɱ֣ľǰУÿڣҲרģԣ̲Ҫ׷õŽϾǣپ·Ѿ֤ѾӦսˡ
׷һ¾̵⣬ϾһսУκһϸڣпǳɰܵĹؼҲɵӣû׼ǱߵİɱӣҲǼ˶ѡ
׷һ仰Ҳ˵δ֮ǰѾʧ֮С
ڶＸսѾиԵˣȻ̽ǽ֮Ȳ֣ܶɼȻ˳ǣҲζţֻһ£Ϳˡ
ʵİţҲճһʱϣڶھս֮ǰӷܼʱϵ
ƴţʵƴѽǶˣʲô
ûȥƴţҲΪ֪ƴţʲô̳ȥֱӾ͸սԼЩ˵ʵ涼
С㡣
˫ת踸Ůϡ
СʲôԸ˵ȻˣǾûĻȥ
Цһ˵ȣҪȸлǣҪֵʱһиҲӷ籣֤һһսڣǴӽڹڵĹУƼ֮⣬Ϊ𡣡
СˡǳӾȻģûгӷĵҩĻ߻ħˣĻ˼Ҫʲôôѽ
ҴӦ飬һ쵽ڣҪ鷳ҵĳԱлڣȴҪͨ˵ݽǣ뽫ڵϢպãκ˷֡ǸҲûʶǵˣڶһսѾˣǻܰȫġ
˫ֱȭǾСİţϾǺ󣬵ȴСٶ֡
ǰʵС㣬Ǹʲô
£ǵΪ޵ġҸҮСع֮ǰǱһʱ˵ӦѾϾˡҪ֪ģȥӹҪСģΪһģ֮ҪȥΪߣʵٶϣҪǿࡣ
Ҷ˵СģǣҲ᲻һдۣеġ
ǺãڸжɡǼӭսڣֱɱȥ


901 ڴս4
ϾڵĴսʼӷȴ¶ԺС
Ժһ޽𿨣ȫͨãš
ӷ罫һŽ𿨸һļƵĶԺС
ӷܳȥһ£ԺǻΪӷѾϾȥˣû뵽ӷ粢ûߣʧһ˻
ӷ磬ϴθǵǮòָ꣬һſЩʲôѽ
Щȫȫزͬطķ˽еĲƲҲЩˡ
Ժ˶ƣȻ֪ӷĸĸʲôˣ㶫ڳӷ˵ʲôɳӷʱóЩе㲻Ծѽ
ӷ磬ЩģǲҪ
Ժ˵ЩԭΪǹ¶Ժ׼ġЩ֮⣬⻹мݱգҲΪ¶Ժģ֮Ҳö룬ΪҪһˣ˵ʲôʱܻǣЩ֮ڹ¶ԺҲᰲһ㡣
飬¬㶼ûлӷ磬û뵽ӷȻһס
ԳӷǺҪȥʲôΣյ飬ڰԼĺƵģʣ¬᲻ġ
ӷ磬ʵ߰㣬ǲҪȥʲôΣյ£
㣬ˡҲӦö֪ϾҪȥӹǼҵˣʱæġ˵үүҸ׶ѾӦҽӹ˼ҵ֮ҽҵعϾҪǼ²һɵġ̫ӴұҪеȫλܽŵܲǨƻعԣ֮ڣûʱˡ
ɾҪȥӹܼҵҲûҪôǮѽСⳤ󣬶ǵʽӦΪҲòôǮѽԺ˵
õĵģһõԺ֮ôǮҪ㽫ÿһӣͽõѧУõĽÿһˣΪ֮νѧ֤ԲҪʵϣһҪУΪֻǲܽţΪһΪܸɴµˡ
ʲôӷ磬ŵĽѾˣҪȫŹ
Ҳһҵʱᰴÿһ˵ϲðŵģϲ⣬ְϷչģҵ·ߣϲΣµģͷŵ߾ȥ֮Ҫǹ¶ԺÿһӣΪһĽɫȻԺǼλҪһˣΪǳɳ֮ǰǽǣҪģǽ̻ôˡ
Ժ˳ӷĻ󣬶ѾˣӷôǮĿģʵΪ˹¶Ժеĺӡ
ǺðɣȻӷѾ㣬ȻҲǵõģκһӣΪĹ¶
ǺáԺ̣㣬Ҿˣȥ֮ǰϾǱ߻һҪһ¡
ӷ߳¶ԺʱˣеĺڣĿͳӷ뿪
ˣеĺӶĳӷһߣ治֪ʲôʱܼ棡
ӷվ·Ķ棬ԶԶĿվڹ¶Ժſڵˣ˵ұˣȥҪʵ̫࣬ϣ´λʱеĺӣѾˣ
ϾڵҹԵʮѹ֣հʱʣΪڵҹƣָסˣһС꣬ҹл䡣
һ÷ܼĳУʲôʱǵĽŲǷɿģһæµĹҲкܶˣҸõطһ񾭣ѹ
죬ϾڵֳȫûпţÿһҾưɣĵطſڣŽͣҵӡ
ûֵĵطȥܶȻֻǻؼҿӣˣȻ˯û֪ǵеʱϾڣֽһɾ޴ȷѪ꣬ǽΪӴһδս
ڵнֵϣܼһͬ͵ˣĴ߶ţЩ˵ı񣬶൱֣Ҳǳš
Ƕȥǡ
һȺ̰γһϵһȺȥ
پתͷһԼ˸սǣͱڵˣڣȴ֮Կ̻δ֮ǰҲԲ⻵˴¡
ڵѾ˹·ϣѵɥ֮Ȯһܲɡ
پײ֪ǺʱͻȻʮŮ֮ǰ
磬ӣǲǶˡ
ܲôˡͷѾľսѾʽչˣǲܷŹκһˡ
Էһ˵ӵһֶڴˣ˭
ӣ
پڵû뵽ӵ˾Ȼܳʲô˼ҪңǸ·
׸˵ʲôͼǱߴͷ˽һ绰Ȼ˵ͷ̣ƴţˣѾɱˡϹȥ֧Ԯ
ڵˣپ׶ǵԼＸÿڶδۼǱ߾Ѿ濪սˣԼȥǱ֧Ԯȸ⼸ÿڻء
پ㻹ԥʲôϵĸǱȥɡ
СĸȸʯͷǻغϣȻǲж
ǡ
ˣĸ
پǱ߱һȭȻ״ÿڵתȥ
ӳӣڵĴսѾʼˡ
ţһսڻǴˣǹؼʱ̣Ҳȴ


902 ڴս5
̵Ĵ£ѾϾǣлƴţǼѾƴɱ
ϾƵѾڸȫʹһ취ûУżÿ챬ľƵ꣬ģһʧɼ㣬Ӳ֪ЩһҪϾá
Ȼɽĸ׶ԶڵһսҲţɽ͸˵ˣ첻Ҫţϵ飬׬һûʲô˵ģɲҪŭڣʹԼ˸֮֡
ԯϾƵһͳ׷ڣ㱨һ£ɫȴû˿ת䡣
ӷûУ
ʱûӷ磬ûһƵġ
Сӽƻĺܣ֪ǲǶڰУ͵Ϯһ֡˸߾ֻҪӷû֣ɴ⡣
ǸôӦ
ڵȻϺڵˣȥӦǾ仰Ҫӷ粻֣ڵͷŸ֣˭ҲҶ
ǣ
뿪䣬ȥķԸڷڣԯһֱվڴǰҹա
ԯԴӵϾ֮ľͺûƽƵģǲʲô⣿
ԯת˵Ҹое㲻Ծ
šҲоˡѾʽ򶫰ս飬ҲѾϾǡ˵ӷӦͳֲŶԣΪʲôڶûӰ
˵ĲԾǳӷ硣
ʲô˼
֪ΪʲôԴӽϾǺҾ;ڶһɺرϢϢҺǲ
ߵԯǰԯļ˵ԯڳ֮Ψһ۷ˣԳ֮𣬴ССսҲΣԵֻһӷһ˵
ԯ֪ΪʲôĻǾͲָоˣɾָоԯŷĲ¡ѵ˵ʲôԼ벻鷢
ҿ㻹˳һ˱Ͼá֮ǰҾ͸˵һЩ͵ϾǵģںڵϵƴɱЩΪҪԲö绢㣬ǵڽڰˡ
ţ˵û˶ѾϾǣ̻ҵɽڣϢȫСѾͷȷеͷԣҪù͵Ϯǣѵҹ⵱ɡоǣԳӷɽĹϵ˵붫սɽǲֵܲģһɻɽµˣȥӦȥˡ
û뵽̵İţȻȫµˣڣҪĵһ£ȽЩ֧ԮΪá
ǱҪأȥ˲̫࣬ΪǶһ¡
ʲô£
㻹ǲǵģϴγӷ类ձ飿
ԯһѣȻ
ѽϴγӷ类ľձɵˣңʱ˽Ӧӷ磬Щĳ֣ӷҪձǿɱȵ컹ѽ
ѵʱձӷģǳҵˣ
ӦòǣԳ۵Ը˵Բزصģı壬Գ۵ĸ˵ٽƻĺ꣬ھʵʨǰ𲻵κõġ
ǳҵѵӷ绹֪ڣ
ҲΪʲôĹϵҿҪһԮԷӷ֡
˵ûһսϵڵδʲô棬
һ绰ڵ绰ｻ˼䣬ҪҶϵ绰ʱͻȻԯһ䣬һǿɢ
ʲôˣ
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ȥ׷ָӣ˳ӷĵɽ֮ơ
Сһ㡣
ԯ˵ͷȥ˴ϾƵһ÷ȥٶ֮죬硣
ԯǰһ̫ӰӣҲڿٵķɱţ㣬ԯȴڶʱ֮޷׷ϡ
룬ԯ۷徳ĸ֣ʲô׷ģѵ˵ԯ룬ǳӷԼڶ֪
ԯӰٽǰһȥ·˿ֻ̣һХԯɫޱ䣬Աȥ˫ۣ˱ԼĻӰΧļһϡ
⣬ˣûԷˣһֻ׻
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׻˵˻ˣԯҲԾȻޣǻ˵˻Ҳûʲôֵġ
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ԯһЦһֻȻҲҵǰ˴ڡȻˣǾͱȥˣһ壬ԯ
䣬ԯڵǿǵضѹס˰׻ϡ
۷徳磡ɽѧ
׻ϴ󾪣Ȼ֪ԯ۷徳磬ȴû뵽ԯȻɽ洫׻ڼǰѾ̹ˣϵв
ԯڵġȳӷ絽Ҳڵ֮աڣȲӲƴʱһټġ
ԯһգŰ׻룬ܵĿ죬ҰųӷĻҲ⽫ȫնɱ


903 ڴս6
ɽҶĴ£ǰ˵ĵطմǱ˽һҲһΪȽľ
ȻƼǱ޷ԸڣȻҪ㶫ҲƼҳǮ򣬳Ǯ˽ġȻӷĶﲢںǮƵ㾭ԣҲԼһɣƼǱֵĴһйĻǺ׾ͻᱻֵǱ𣬾ֵҲƶҮ壬ҵ
һľµ˲ܴӹǵģǵڸԼ鷳֮£ڸʱ£µֻЩû·ĵطƾ͵˽ϾǣپǶԷǷĺڵ
ۿѾôһǰ·ȻǲߣҪǣܵ˳ڵ飬һ͵ԱУǶͶһֵʤ㣬෴ˣǶκ˶޷ȥԤϵġ
Ҷǰ濪·ĳ֣ǱҲһ֪ģȻִôãǾͲɵϣ벻ڵ֮ĴսǱزٵģ֮ǰۼڳʱҲûʱȥ׼Ҳ˵̣һ׼
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Ҷûʱ룬ͽǲҪģСǱߣѾڴˣ


904 ڴս7
ҵȫۼϾڵһվҲǷֹڵûõ̵֮ǰҵһǲǲĵˣһãǾͻᵼȫû˵
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һǿҵ׵磬ֱϾƵ̨֮ϣһʯϾƵ̨֮ϵ
ԯһھƵ֮ڣһ׷׻ûؾƵֻ꣬ϾƵĴ֮
۷֣˿̣ͬʱҹգֻһ⣬Զ˺ƣϾҹΧ׵磬·η㣬֮׵磬óһ

ӰһӾƵ귿Ѿ˵Ĵڣ˶ãԯǰ
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ԯ񾳽磡СǳʲôģΪҲ̫˰ɣ
ɽپ綼û񾳽磬ɡԯۼϷҪӷɥϾǡ


905 ڴս8
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906 ڴս9
ӷ̵ǰȫʢ֣ɽӣǿԳӷͣתţ漴ȫ̼ΧΪһ̼˸ȫ
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907 ڴս10
ֶԾһֵһĴսǣɽŶɽٳڵΪѩأ뿪ϸڣΪڵľ磬ȻûнڵɢĹԯ۷֣οɽӣҲѾ˺ѩΪ
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ʱ򣬳ӷ˿ֹͣǺ粿ڡ
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ӷЦȻҲϵһȴ벻ɳȥˣԤƲġλԭֻҵһѣǰʱüҸһѣɴɵǣүүʮǣһҪ𱣻үүԣҸ׾λѣʮ֮УҴһ߳Ľڣ˸֣ңȴҳҵʮǣͱһȣ˭˭װɡ
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908 ڴս11
ϾƵ̨֮ϣʮֶӵĶӳȫۼеĶԱҲȫΧûõʮλ֮ǰԵκһԱġ
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ԯ˫ΧͣɨУзģɾǳҵʮһǣÿһ˵Ϊڶɽڣֻ佣Ϊ׵ģֻ˻ڣӷ磬ͬһ
佣ǿ󣬾ǳӷҲ벻Լǻʱ䣬ϣڲŵﻯڣû뵽佣ֻ׵̼µʱ䣬ͿԴһתΪߣΪֱӵ˻ڣѵԼĸٳ֮еĻΪʲôԼ
ӷǿһЦҲܶ룡
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ʮԭ۸̳ģѹ˵ã֮ǰҿˡ
ԯ۷֣ʨҲ빫ﲻͬԸĻҴţʱΪ㳨
л۸ĺ⣬ԯϾ֮ˣڴܱ֮ѡ
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ʮǣʮһɽڵĸ֣һڵĸ֣ԯһˣӭսʮˣʵߣʮһǣԼͬһԼģҲᣬ˽ԼԼҲ˽ˣΪ鷳
ڣ߻а˸֣ÿһ˵Ϊ˶ɽٳڣ˸ɽٳڵĸ֣һ۷徳ĸ֣ӭսɳԶɽԵ̳ʮǣ˫֮䣬Ҳǰ԰˰ɣ


909 ڴս12
Եļ룬ǳӷ綼벻ģϾʮ˵رԵر𣡿˵ڵϳѾίǱ߸һˣӷѾˣӣڵģԼЩѽ룬ҲѾݲڵĴˣΪģù˵ɣھȻܵϺȥвЩ쵼ˣԽλܴ󱱾ȥ󽫾˹֣ⲻǺݺݳһһܶв֯ʣݵ
Ȼ⼸ʮҲûٲ飬λںڵ֮ʵѾвȨǰһ֮⣬ټйû˻ڿ⣬ϳҲǼ˵Ľ޷ĳڣЩҲֻ
һˣӷ𣬳ҵѾƲȻᣬӷһѣڸ֮ǡ
ӷһڣȻڣպͬԼڣⶫͷݱȽرֻҪԼҴڣֻԽλһ죬ǾвģԽ쵽ʱλˣһλӷϵ֮λĻͬƺⲻ˶ΪֻҪһ𣬶ǵڶڡ
ΣԽ֮ɳԣҪΪ֮⣬ٻе˽ĵģһǲԼĶӳ£Բһսǳӷʤͻһ֡ڶԽҲˣԼʱλˣԼ֮ˣҲҪԼյ㣬պûȥƺⶫĻɾͱԹˡ
⻹⣬Խ춼ѾΪĿеѡ̺һ·ԼҪôȥԼѡеѡҲκˣκε
ʮ˴ԵĶԱϾƵΧͣɱţҲͣԼĶԱһεĿֻ꣬ڣˣԼûκιϵ
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ԵĽԯڱֻԯǰͬը㣬ڰеģûڵϡ
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ԵһһıըӭͷǵĽ磬˫սһԯİԵڽ֮ڣǿҵıըĶڵ֮£ֻгԶȥԯǵȸ֣˵ƴɱˣܻᱻԼ˵ǿ
Ե໥û໥⣬ʧΣԯİԵȴһֱӳͷǳȥ
ͷһսԯĽȻ˹ǺŲŽԯİԵƽ
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910 ڴս13
ԯѽѷ֣ɽڵĸֶսһ۷ֵ£Ҳû̫ˣ˫ڣûзֳκεĸ£ƽ֮䣬˫ʩչĹȴǲһ׽һףû˿ͣ
ԯǸҷӣΪʲô˵ңԴڣ֪ԯһ׷ļһ˵һսȵزν֮ģ֮⣬ҲȫתΪսĸս⡣
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ӷ絽ڶûֵƣ˫ҲѾԯϣתǰ˴ֵϡ
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˸Ƕս˴֣ڵƣ˴ѾʣѾһߵû˿Ĵ㣬Ȼ˸ǣҲκε·

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Цӷ磬ڻһۣ֮ѵɵΪ㸸ף治֪˭͵ߵ𣿡
ڹ꣬ʲô˼
ʲô˼ΪԶɽӣ۵Ķӣڷʲô˼ã֮ǰҾ͸һΣˡ㸸֮Щ𺺣Ϊ֪ǽ𺺽͵ߵģ෴ĺܣ֮Բɱ𺺣Ҫ𺺽Ӵ֪ǳҵļ̳ˣݴκε壬ߵˣܸжһ֮Ϊضɱ֮㣬ҲΪһͷβ֮֮ҪΪߣͱҪ塣
ӷɫڼΪѿѾʼ԰ˣ
ѩ˵ӷ磬ⲻġʦΪˣҷǳԲˡһҪңһܡ
졣
ӷһŭ𣬳ɱѾ޷ջˣа׹֣񽣳ڳӷ֮Уָŭ㣡


911 ڴս14
˵ڶʮǰҲǳӷճʱλδ̫үȻ˴ھӵػ¸͵ˣܰ쵽µģŴ˵͵ģټймˣϵʱڴһЩ˽ԹûԽߣˣűԷ롣
ǣԼұϾйΪӴĺɫ壬ڣȫеĽһģҪԽƤӵ½Ӥʱڵĳӷ͵ߣһˣڵˣҲ̫ܡοʱڸոձѪϴʲô棬ΪƵʱ򣬵ȴܽҽԺ͵ˣɼʱðŶķա
ȻڵˣҲǾư첻µģǣԼһ߳ߣڹᣬ˸ӦϣӤʱڵĳӷʮʱ䡣
ЩҸԼҶΪӷ統Ѿزˣûȥ鵱ʱ飬ҵ֪ӷ绹Ϻһϵе׷жʹչ
Գҵ˵Ҫ鵽͵߳ӷĻʹʲô£
ǵٵ죬ǰȥٵʱ򣬳۾Ѿ˵𣬵ڰ͵Լӵ飬ԼҲ׷ˣ⻰ǳԳ۵Գ۵Ϊ˵ʮʮô䣬ԼĶӱ͵ʹԼʧɢô꣬Լ޾ѣҾѣֶǷǳصģŹڡ
ɳʲôݣѪϴһڣѵ¸ʮѪϴһĻ˿ɾͻ˵ʨ̫۸ˣǣ۾˴㣬Ҫ𣬵һҪԼԳ֣Ȼڵ͵ԼĶӣ𣬾ԼĶȥɡ
Ҳ繫˵۵治֪ʲô˽ԼĶ͵ߵǾԲܵģ۲֪ǳɱϾǳ۵£ɵߵԵףҲΪ۳ϴ˵ûаڵӤʱĳӷɱԣ۲ôꡣ
ܣ˻ʣȻ֪͵Ӥʱڵĳӷ֮˭Ϊʲôõľ󽻵ʱǰӷϵʱ򣬽гӷȥҴأ
ʵڳ˵һԣͲʲôϳ۵ʱҲ֪Ǹʲôѽ߾ͬ˵óӷʶ˽𺺣ֻҪóӷʵĲпᣬ׵ˣһ˷֮ģǾͱҪΪҵļ̳ˣ㶼첻ĻǽôȥһһǿС
һ׵࣬ܶʱҪڶӵʹѡ֮ϵģòϣλףǳ
ӷӵģҲûΪ׵ĳʧȲ˵ӷô𺺽ڣӺϸѩͿ֤۶ԶӵҪ󣬳ӷѾˣ
ʱ˿̣ǳӷҽ˵ʱ򣬲ʲô£иػӷ粻ΪһʱŬѽնɱ𺺣Ļ͸˹ᣬԲѴ֮ģնɱ𺺽ڵĳӷɱǵ֮£ӷŭһ𣬸ȥֹĻɱ
ӷ˵̴Ŀѽһĵ㵱Сˡ
ڳӷа׹ʢֱָӷһŭ㣡
ŭһһ˽·Ϊһ壬һ䣬ֻˡһǿҽڹĶвͣ
һѵ񽣡ӷ磬죬Ϸµ
˭˭㻹ûʸ
ʱ˵Ѿ˶ھսʱˣԯĴսڼҵĽţ˸ǣѾɱһ֣ʣ֣ѳɲʲôǵǱȻģҲǱضģʱ򣬳ӷȻ֣ӭս˹
ѩȻ㲻ľĻѩȴ֪ӷѾɱ𺺽֮ġ
𺺽ڲǺѩʦͬʱǺѩ׵ʦҲǺϸĶѣѩȻ뿴𺺽ڳ¡
ڴ˿ֻ̣һͷ׷߳һֱͷһԲĽ𺺽ڣŭ𺺣ԭ͵Ļ쵰ʨõʨʧɢʮʱ䣬죬ҾҪ
ͷ粿䶼Ͻ𺺣𺺣ЩˣʮеĳԱǻ˵ĳԱλڻ֮ڣʮ֮⡣
û뵽Ȼǽ𺺣ͷŭɱʮڸ֣һֳצֱ𺺽ڳ˹ȥ
顣
ڰͷҪȡ𺺽ʱѩͻȻһͷ̵һԼ˳ʮףۡһһѪ
Ѿͷʲô˼
黹ûڲܶʦ
ѾͷѵҲ뱳𣿡
ңҡ
ѩ΢ˣٴ𺺽ǰʲôʱһֻȴ𺺽ڸסˡ
Сѩʦ그ﲻ⣬ֻһͱˡ
𺺽ֱӹ˵ϣ󺰵ͷ̣뿴ʶһȡɡ
ͷ̿һѾ빫ϵĳӷ磬һͽ
˸ǽ˴ɱڣҲûȥǣҪģһƽĶԾ
佣ȥ
佣˵ͷ˵λͽˣס
ţ֪ô죬ϿȥǱߣɱǵʨЩˣò֡
佣һ֣ʱʩչ˳۴ġʮǻڵΪһɴŨɱ֮㣡


912 ڴս15
佣ʱ÷ԻڣȻǳӷڽ֮ǰѾźõġ
ʱ䣬ӷŵ֮ڣҪ佣̥ǣһˣܰ쵽ģȫ£Ҳֻгһ˶ѡ
ֻǳӷ벻佣رʽعȻһתΪߣΪ˸Լͬľ硣
֪ӷ⻯񾳽磬ΪľۻʾֽţΪֵĻڵĳӷ磬ͣǾ磬ʱ޷ͻء
治֪ʲô佣˷츲صתģԼַĻͿԽƴţˣȫתΪߣǶԼǻƴţǱмİ
ɳӷĵ佣ģһؽһص飬ҪһתΪߣ佣ֹδ۷徳Ķɫ˵ʹ࣬ÿһ˶ܵ˵أǻƴţǼҲ޷ͨصѹأתΪߡ
佣ޱȣЩѦܵίѾĶĥɸӲҲΪʲô佣ԴһѹذҪԭ򣬻ˣ֪˶ٴˡ
ȻڴӹתΪߵ飬佣ǲκ˵ģӷڣΪǵʱ佣ҳ۽̵Ψһһ佣ʱҽľˣҲȥˣɱˣѵҪȳԳ
ڵ꣬һ۷徳ϼһȵĶԾκη˵ûʲô۷徳ϼһﻹһɱ񾳽ǰ֮¡
ӷֳֵ񽣣ſ񽣵ԼһһĹҲڱɱ
ӷ磬ʹ꼶Ϸ򿴿ǲ紫˵ǰǿ󡣡
㻹ңҵĹһ
ӷеĵ񽣱һǿֱ幫ڹǰֹͣ
ɱѡ
顭
ӷһŭ𣬿񽣵ĽʾһĹģ漴һǿҵıӿϳʹĹȥ
۵ɱУڵĳӷ绹޷ȫӳҲСӡ
ǵڶʮǰѵ񽣣֪ȥԼڶ˵֪ȾԼڶ˵Ѫ
񣬵ڳӷֻҪܽӷɱٶ񽣣֮ҲΪʮǰԼ˱˰ɡ
룬ôûٵĻͲΪʨ۵彣ˡ
ⲢһͨĽϣ磬ֻЩ񽣵ԾԵļΪر𣬲Ĳϣ룬κ˹ܹȥµġ
ӷ籬һɱ֮󣬵޷̼䷵سӷУ˻ᣬȽ񽣸ӷһ֧ȥĵˡ
벻Լһʱͻأ֮ϣֳһĹģңɫ˿̾ȻתΪ˶ĿĽ⣬ɫ񽣣仯Ϊ˻ƽ޽
ԶĳӷҲû뵽һת䣬ӣ֮صɱУɱѽӦûɱУֻ˵۵ɱУȫѵ֮ڡ
佣ﱻתΪɫľ޽ȥֱֳ˹ͷ

佣ת壬ӹϷһͷȥ

һɼΪԵû佣ʮǵ½ǷԵʱס佣ȫʹ佣һҲˣֹͣ˰֮С
ӷﱬ֮Եڷȡڵ񽣵ĵڶɱȫ֮ǰȵֵס佣һ
顭
ɫȳڳӷУȿٽҹе׵ʮ׵磬ֱﱩȥ
ڳӷľۻʾ֮ʱ׾Ҳͬʱɣ£󸶼֪ҲΪʱľۻʾ֮ϲӷûȥںĹˡ
ν׾ʹӷŷ֣ԭ׾ԼȻˣҲ˵׾ɣӷ׵Ϊ֮á
ǣ۷徳Ĺ׾òǺܶ࣬´˿ʮ׵ͬʱ˹ϣҲ޷˿˺
ӷɫޱ䣬ԭ˵һ߶ԣµӦ׵磬ϾһߵΪ֮󣬾ͽ٣٣Ҳף֮޴Խһ۷徳ĸָ𣬵ӣͲη׵磬ѵ׵绹ǿ
ȻڵĳӷҲȥ룬ΪʲôԯѾ۷徳ĸ֣Ȼδ٣磬ǻȱʲôֻߣѾ٣ֻǲԸ磬ưԣĻ͸ԯ׷е㱳ˣԯһ׷߾磬磬õĹΪʲôأ
ӣ飬кܶ࣬ǳӷ֪ģ
ۿ׾Թ𲻵κεãӷ粢ûֽŴңʶģľۻʾ
СӣɵľۻʾĻһ޷һϼһ;ԲڶľۻʾĻˡ
ѳӷ磬˵ľۻʾԸɵǰǣҪлʩչѽ
ɲɽӣûôϵģ
ӷһҲԣһеĻͺеڶλˡﲻɵӣѾܹӷ꼶һġ
Ȼӷǿɢһ̳˳ϰףҪ룬ȵӷʩչľۻʾʱ㹻Ŀռʱܣֱӿӷ磬ǹǶˣһ꼶ĹɲӦ˵أ
һˣղűİԵȻȻɢȥ佣Ҳ˿ص˳ӷߡ
˵ľۻʾȲãõʱһġڣȷ󷨣ϼһ֮ڣ⵽ʩչľۻʾʱһܡ
ӷ˵ͷ漴ͼһĽ⣬Χ֮ڣȫΧ
￴˿ΧĽ⣬˵Ȼк֡ӷ磬û뵽Ȼ󷨡
ٷϻҿ¡
Ϸ뿴˭ܡʩչ꼶ҲҪûǸᡣ
ֱ˹ͬʱ֮ϣԵĹȫ֡
ӷ̳嵽ǰֻ֮ϣʾĸ֡ء


913 ڴս16
ڵľνһߵʹ֮ˣȻǳʮǵĵ򣬾ڵ񣬶δصֵס
ۿҲѾӷɱĴӴܣڣѾΪҪɫȴû˿µƣ
ԯתͷһϾƵſڣɵ̾˿ѵڣľҪ״ʧ
Ͳԯ룬ޱǿݺµĽԯ
ò˵֣ʵԯ൱س޷ͻǵȥ飬޷նɱ
ƴţһץס˸ЦϼһղŲͦٿơ
ջƵģһĺҲᡭ
ȥɡ
ƴţֶԱپеսû˿ԥģһ˸
һ棬Ǭɽ׷ɱҲں̵ܶʱڣˣϾƵſڡ
粿ˣӵˣԼپ£ҵˣѾͷˣ˵ϣվŵˣ˫ȾѪȣһһΣָоȴ൱
ڣڱԼ˸ˣӽټйǳӷˡ
ܶ飬˵̫ɲһǼ¡
ƴţȫ̧ͷϷѾԯһȥˣϾƵ֮ϣӷ佣Թ˵һսһսĽ֣Ƕʤ෴ӷ֮ǰһУҲ׷ˣʮֽɱҲѾûκεˣ
磬㡣
ƴţһȴͷ̸סˣ˵Ҫȥ
Цôóλֵȥðգ濴֡
ҲûãѾ󷨽˸˿Ǿͺñһռ䣬ܿǣȴѾˣ
Ǹô죿۷ѽ
һܸɵġ
еĿ⣬ȫ˳ӷϣĶһֻΡ
ƴţ˳̧ͷս֮⣬û취ˣһӵʱ䣬ΪԶһģȴϣ佣ʮغϣѾԵ󷨣ϷҲ˵ֻгӷһ֮Թ۷ˡ
·һ佣ֱӵڻƴţǰȥʱȴѾˡ
Сġ
佣һ󺰣ֻͻȻ䣬˳ӷ󣬲ȳӷ罫񽣵ɱзӳֻоһɰԵһԼϮ
ӷȻתõ񽣽ȴѾ̫ˡ
顣
ＯһصĴ˳ӷıϣӷһѪձʮףȴ룬ǰһɰԵԼ
Ԫϣ
һӷ磬ӷ񽣸߸߾𣬴ء
ڣһɱмʱʱ빫İԵֻڽУ˾޴Ĳʹ󷨶еˡ
˿̣ӳӷĿڴ˳Ӧϼһס󷨡
һֻͻȻ֣ù󾪡
Ȼޣӣ壬йϵ
ٷϻ͵ϮҵĴ⡣
ǻ񾳽綼Ԫϣѵ۷徳Ͳ𣡡
ǲмʵҲģǳӷ꼶оǾӷûĻͲὫһ񾳽ĳӷϣȻӷʲôûеĻҲɵʱսѽ
һˣӷʱңҪʩչľۻʾ֮һƴ̫ˣ̵ʱڣãһս׶༪ѽ
ڴ˿̣ҹ֮Уʮ⳯ӷ߳ϲ峤ˡСӣʱ򣬵ڴҵ
ǰ󣬱˵ǹӷԼ벻ġ
ֻʮֻƽＫΪ֮࣬УĻƴţǾԣʲôôܳôදˣ
֡Ϲ˵
˭ģ
Ȼǰֵܵġ
޽ϣսˬ˼㡣
֮ڣｫʮֻڴ׻Ĵ³֣ȴû˿η壬ŭ첻Ϸ򶼽ˡ
׻˵ӷ磬ȵסϵڵȡһٽܡ
˰׻ӷ֮ϥڴҵ
ʱļΪӴ󣬾ͬһ㣬˹ȥ
СС󡣬
ɡ
³һ޴Ľ飬ﵥһӣֱӱը˿һСĽƬȥ
ۿ½ˣ·ˡ
Ϣȹսˡסƴţˬ
׻֮󣬳˹ȥЩ޵ȫЩ߼ޣҲǹ۷ֵĶѽ
һֻɫĺһҪչȴϣһ𣬾ȻԵֱӸƳˣңֻɫĺ꣬ɱʧӰ١
Сӣٶȿ㣬ǿҪסˡ
󸼱ǵȷ˶ãӷ粻Ļ£ЩޣҪڹ֮֡
ӷ˿͵۾ڰ׻ϱ˵ͬʱӷ̻Ԧﵡ
Ķҡаɡ
ӷ磬ЩҰǾȲģ㡭ã󣡡

໡
ſƬͬʱ˳ӷͷٱ仯Ϊ˾ŵƽǽڣһһƬгڳӷԦﵵļԦ֮£ȥ
֪ģ˵һ˵Լ
ȹ룬ӷһŭҵڶ
໡
֣໥ţһ𹥻
Ĺ֮£޷κεķҲһ취ûС
Ԫϡ
ͻأԪһ۵Ľ⣬˳ӷ硣
ӷ֪Ҫʲô޷Ĺ°ѳԪֱӹӷ磬ֻҪӷϿлˡ
ɳӷȴκεĻᣬ壬˿̳˳ӷϷϹʢӭ˹Ԫ
ʲôֵ塣
󾪲ԣӷһﵽ׻жٶԼ֪ģ
Ԫৡһû֮һȦһӷ硣
ûܵ¹ԪҲ˵ӷΣջδ
ԹӷõĶѾˣЩóҲûʲôãΨľۻʾܸһ

ӷһ룬ǿͬʱųģԼڵΪѾ˻񾳽磬ԦﵣӦÿԿס
뵽ţӷϷĵƬһ໡һɫ֡
ԪѾӷ磬ȻûаճӷȥԪ񣬷ʵ˹ȥ
ãŹһȥֵǱȥˣ
ӷ󾪲ԣڿǺãԪͬ۷徳磬ûԼֵܵס
㲻㡣ӷ磬˾ΣҪɡ
Ҹƴˡľۻʾۻ񹦡
˼ûˡ

Ԫֱӳ˳ӷǰ۷徳һƣ˳ӷؿڡ
ȥɡ
ӷ˫жʱðѪ˿ѵ󣬻Ƕ
棬̼˼ˣۿӷ缴ɱǣȴһ취ûУ޷ȥæ
ӷ类һ֪ǱɣҲҪᡣ
Ҳ
쵰ʲô
Ѿгӷ磬չȴ֣ԼԪѾӷסˣ
ɱʵ壬㻹ԪڣԽȥڣҾҵԪ񣬸ͬھ
СӣˣҲᡭ
һξ塣
ӷҪһѪԪըҲȥɡ


914 ڴս17
ͬʱʵ壬أ¹۷徳ĸ֣ҲԵֵġοԪѾϣ͸ӵֵסĽˡ
ͬХһɺ㣬ֱӽʵը˷飬ʱʧΡ
ڵҲʹԶǶսԯֹͣ˽˫ֱǱߣ
ԯڴȥãʲô
Ԫը𣬾ȻҪͬھϹȥֹ
λʦܣҶҪˣʱֹͣⳡսɡ
ԯҲ뿴ŹǸӲܿųӷԼҲҪسˣֱлԶɽ֮ˣסʲô
ãսȾˣϽģ˵Ҳļ
˲˿ĳɣ̳Ǳ߳˹ȥ
ͬʱϾƵˣӷȻҪ빫ͬھҲһųһ亹
磬ɵ¡
ӷ磬𣬱
Ҫֹ˵Ƴ󷨣
ͬʱ𣬵ôֹһжѾˣ
ӷڵڣͬһ޴а㣬ס˹Ԫ񣬹ҲѾоԼʵѱ٣ģһѾԪ˵ֻҪԪҲǿٶ޸ģԣڹʱЩߣҪԼĵʱһʱԪ񣬲Ὣκڵ˵ʵϡ
ӷ磬Ϸչ֮ս͵û
ӷȷǷˣѾԪȫ˳ԪҲѾγһУһбڣǾǳӷеԪ֮빫ͬھĻǳԶɽ߳٣޷ˡ
Ҳʱɡ
ϻϣ˭ģνûţӷֲӢۣ˵мӢ۵ˣӲøԪ빫ͬھֵ̫ˣӷˣ
ɫ䣬벻ӷȻ˵زֻߣǳӷԤƺ˵ģ֪Լһ̣δ꼶ƳԼԪ֮ԾҲʱ򣬳ӷסԼԪ񣬲Ԫը
ʵǲףҲ벻ͨӷڵ飬Ͳѽ
ΧѾȫϣҪ˵ˡ
ӷȴ󺰵ȫ¡
ӷһ˭ģסΪҪģûˣǾɱڣǻʲôã
ûӷģӷҲǺѽ˵ѵͷû
ɣСѣţ壬ȣǬɽ
ӷһǼ˵֣ƴţȴŭ磬ٷϻ첻ġ
ӷһĿЦû̫ķϻֻ˵֣ҡ
һ̵һֹͣ漴ǼˣҲȫֹͣ
ѽζûеĻ飬ǲ̫˵㡣
ȫס֡
̵һֹ
ٷˡ
ö˵ȥ
ڵĽҲе׻ϣСӣеģ˳󷨡
׻ϵصĻôȫ˳ȥ
޾ˣⷴԯ߳ŭӷˣôȥ
ʦ֣ȻҪǾͲ˿Ļɡڣɡ
ʲô
ԯһ㶣ڳӷһЦľۻʾľ괺
һ޴ת䣬˭벻ġ
ӷǽԪ˿ҲѾγ˴УҪ빫ͬھ˿̣ӷǱԪ񣬾Ȼ漣ģ޸ûӷԪԶ޸
ô£ô
ѾһƬͿˣ㲻⵽ôһ£һߣԪ񶼱ը˿ȻԶ޸ģδѽⲻܷ飬ȴȷȷڳӷϷˡ
һϲѽô¸ˣľۻʾԭǿԽģСӣˣ
ֻӷڣһǿҵ⣬գۼγһΪڳӷڵԪԶ޸ͬʱ괺һƬƬҶٵչ
˫ķǳ󣬿ⲻ˼һĻҲѾԣʱ򣬳ӷ꼶ȫ
죬û˾ȵ㡣ɡۻ񹦡
ãϵˣ
ΪӷҪԼͬھԼ´ңȴ룬ӷ֮ǰϰ꼶ȻԪʵš
ʵʵҪ֣͹ã˭꼶ûأб£ҲȥѧһɾѧҲûãΪÿһ꼶Ԫġ
ӷǽᣬľۻʾȫʩչ˳
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ǵص󷨸ҲѾҪˣԪĳӷ֮ͲҪסľۻʾȫ£ѵ㹫ܵĻ
Ԫ죬ҾԪҪ𡣡
ⲻܡ
ӷ磬顭ԯ
飬˭ҵ顣㵱ɽ𺺽Ӥʱڵ͵ߣʹҸʧɢʮ죬ӦϵԼн³ʮĹ¶ʮۼ尾ʮĲʹ죬һԻ㡣
ԯӷ磬лҪʲôǶ㣬ҪйǸ㣬ڽԶٴڣֻҪһ·
ԯʱܲܲôɡžۣѵҳӷΪɱҲðԱԪ֮գãһŹ𣿡
ɱ粻Źġ
ߺߣ˵磬粻ϷŹңҲ󡣡
ӷ粻ٷϻֱƶ˹ϣѹŹԪ޷ѡ
ȥɡұ
ӷ磬̫ڣǲŹģ˴ɣǲŹġһΪұġ
ڵҰɡµʸûУɣ
顭
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915 һս
գˣԪ񾲣
ӷۣԼΧһĺ⣬ЩȫǹԪ֮Ĳ
һ󺮷ĴеĲһɨţ·ϾǲͣĻصš
ӷ磬̫ǲŹģ˴ɣǲŹġ
ɲôܹһ仰ôֲΣһеһУ󺮷紵ʧ֮䡣
һ۷֣ƿڼʮ꣬ȴϣϾһսȻǱʣˣ磬Ĳһһ仰ʹȫ𶯵һѾʧˡ
ӷ۵ԵԽԽģ˹ε˺³ӷĵٶ࣬ҲƱҪ۵ġ
ǰһƬӷȫһֱӰУȥ
ӷ硭
硭


һ̸ֻѵһͬʱס˻Թȥĳӷ硣
ڳӷԵһ̣ȴԯӰ
ԯ˿䣬ﱻɱڱһжѾΪ˹ȥʽλɲȴû˿ˣԴˣֻôȥԯ˶սΨɲţδȫڵԯҲȥˣεһ仰˽йӷۡȥʧҹ֮С
û֪Ͼһսԯʲôطȥˣû֪ԯﶼЩʲôҪΪڣΪﱨЩ֮󣬺ܶ˶ۣȴûκһۡ
֮۷ֳȱһǱɱĹһǲ֪ٵԯ
۷ȱĳ֣ɣһǿߴ籩ÿһԳǿߵļһʱλ۷֮УΪ̫ңʹǺֹⳡ۷֮Ҷԣ۷λãݲκѡһдʱ죬پһ۷֮Ǹʱ˭ʤߣȻͿԽ湫ԯλá
Ȼ˶Ѿ֪۷ճλãΪӷλҼ̳˵ĺճӷԯ֪٣Ȼ㹻ʸλ۷֮һɴڱ֮󣬳ӷ綼δ˿λ۷֮⣬ûκεﴫһʹƽµЩˣĿ꣬ȫ˳ӷϡҲպ۷֮ˣܴܳӷ磬㹻ʸ
ȫ۷֮λĸֶͬսҵĳӷ磬ǣмˣλӵıֻȴˣҪսҲˣʵһǳƵ顣
һսӷնڣȻʹ˴ڵλãȴ޷֮УϾδõͬǵĳӣȴΪһս£Ŀǰ̸֮ʱΪŵĻ⡣
ϺȥԽɫȴǼΪѿ
׳̫ˣӷֻ˵ˣŹûˡ
˰οԽôúƵ
һսֻ˵𣿡
Խ˫۵ʮˡ
˵κһϸڶɴ
ʵΣ֪λƢΪݵĹϵ͵Ͼȥˡ
̾˿Ͼһսľһ䲻¶Խ㱨ԽԼĶҪ빫ͬھʱѾͲס͵׼ɻҪȥϾ
׳Ҫѽӷû¡ԱԪֻӷļƲߣԼԪ޸ģȴ֪һһַǳֺĹ
˵׳Ѿ𣬹ѾˣԯҲѾ֪䣬˵ӷǴȫʤǵСӦòʲô󰭵ģ
ڱˣǱˣҲ޷κвˣԼӵĹͣͬʱԽҲòģԼĶӣ᲻Ϊڶ᲻ΪڶڣӣԶӣԼҪϸĹˣɲҪֳʲô
丸ӡ
ǰԽΪĵģԼĶӻϳ·û뵽黹Ƿˣ
ӷսڣһսӰȲ϶ʮǰĻķ粨ҲСѽЩˣһ룬ӣ̯ӣҪԼȥʰ
˶ЩʲôԽʵ
˵ʲôһǶ飬ڶǴ缴ؾӵ顣
ѽ鶼Ŷӵ飬ȴˣ֮󣬿ɻеԼæģ֮⣬ǳʴ˾ۿҲҪʼˣͬʱԼĹҲȲԼĶȥӹˡ
ۿҪˣȻô£ӣǳ˾Ҫȵܽˡ
ⳡʹ˾ϵԽλĵһ£ͬʱҲȫйĵĴ£ǹ˼ʮĴ£ԣֻӮ䡣
λүӶʲô
ʲôû͸ʲô֪ƵģʲôǶҶ
ԣүǾܶˣ̯ӣԽһȥʰ
ϯҲϯôϯôأ
Խ̾˿ʵӷôˣ
ڻԣûʲô󰭣ֻĹȣӦþͻˡ⣬׳ΪӷڣɱѾˣ۷ϿճλӣȫֶһͬսĿ꣬Ǿӷ硣
ϵˡǸĴ磬ģʲô۷ԼȴԱ߿˶ʮϷġ
һ˵ʵҲ۷񣬸ǵһξ˵ڵģȴû뵽ϵЩνֻῴ֮أΪһ۷񣬸Ƿ츲ء
ˣǶָԵĹɡϾӷ磬ʱһ㱨ٴӾǴҽȥӷˡ
ǣ׳
˭Ҳû뵽ڳӷʱԼȴڻȹµʱ䣬Ϊʱ̣ȴڻжȹҲһ󱭾˰ɣ


916 
µʱڳӷпٵĶȹ
֮ǰһսνǾշǳ˵гʮǵѹԵڣϾؼֻгӷһˣһӷˣˣ¶ӮپʣͷҲûõġ
ڣҲеʶĳӷڹؼʱ̣ΪնĹԪ޷ѣ¹ء
Ȼˣˣԯ֪ˣɻһЩڣԣӷ绹ڻ֮УپҲûͣЪ뾡һа취þһֶΣڵȫ
⣬ạ̊́ȻĺڰһͬˣߣҲҪ֣Ƚ̸סټ˹ĶҲɳֹȥɲھƻδȫЩ֪ļһںġʵҲûУڱ֮Ͼͳˣڶ߻Ҳ˷ӦЩս˵ļһȫԴȹһ¶ţȫ£ССеĺڵ׵֪йǶĵ»ʵۣǾ˭̫ͷ϶ҪصĴۡ
µʱ䣬˺ܴľٶȫأȫжΪҪģǽЩս˵ļһﴦշģȫеĺڵϷڶ֮¡
ںڵһپǼȻǸ˵ĺܣͬʱҲˡ
پǼ˵㣬Ⲣ˻Ÿپһ뷨ȣÿڵȸپÿڵ˵ڵһսУԼÿڳ࣬ʱ̵ֵʱҲԼϴֵһ֩Ǽ˵ÿڵҲپǼʱֹסˣڸ𣬶ڲҪìܡ
ô˵ܶ飬پǶ޷ģҲýֵЩͷµ˸ѽǿɶǸԼֵܣҲΪԼ룬ԣپǼÿȫϾųӷѹ˭Ҳ뿪Լһ뿪ӷˣ֪»Լˡ
꣬ܿҪˣȥʱ򣬳ӷڸո»һ˻⼸СǰϾ꣬ǲǾֱӶǡ
û뵽һ֮󣬳ȥ֮⣬ںڵӷٶȵ˭Ҳ벻˵ǰ޹ˣˡ
оǣȫغܶڵϵͷ죬ΪԱڳϷڶ֮ҲһϾһλڵؾЩ˵˵˵ǳӷλپǼ
ϾҽԺѩĸĸȫվһ䲡֮⣬ҵʮҲڣ粿İͷҲڣǸ𱣻ӷġڻƴţǣΪ˲ⳡ̫ȫҽԺΧûнҽԺ벽Ӳ뿪ʸ벡ģҲǻƴţǼ̫ӵĳԱپǣڶӷ档
ܶ飬ѩøĸףڴкѩĸĸֻӷڲڴʱҲܳӡ
ϸڽӵѩĵ绰˵һ½𺺽ڵ󣬺ϸҲ̾˿Ϊ£ϸҲֲ֪뿪ϾҲ˵ϸһӣ޷뿪Ӱ벽ˣڽ𺺽ڵ飬ϸǰĪ
ս󣬽𺺽ûǱͷ̸ץҽپǽ𺺽ڹ˶ܲôͽһ³۵ģȴܣгӷȥԣ𺺽ڵڡ
̫үסԺϾЩ֪ӷݵĹԱ춼ҽԺܣرФһˣФĵĻĸĸ¶ҪֱסҽԺˡ
ˣôûѽ
ѺǵģմӲ߳ɫ൱ѿ
ЩҽȥǸˡ
ƴţŭ
嶯ʲôЩҽõĻǻʲôӷˣЩҽƺõ𡣡
Ϸ˵֪ӷĵҩʲôطͺˣϧұ˸ҵеطûҵһŵҩ
㵱ȻҲˣҩУȫ˳ӷڣԼó˭Ҳò
ˣӷˣ
Фڲչ˳ӷģڻǸճФܳе
һӷˣһѷƵģȫ˽ȥĲվŶطûС
پǽӵϢҲȫ˹ΣڲѾվˡ
ڲϵĳӷ绺۾һۣȻˣ
ǣǿϷأò˻ˣ
ӷŷ֣ȫˡ
ȥȫӹȥƴţ󺰵
Сһ㡣
㣬֪ˣȳȥôˣòóˡ
ޡ
һӵ۾Żƴţƴţ֪Լ˵˻ǲ˼

̽ӷ𣬳ӷһڵоǲ˳ӣżԼеҩء
ܿ죬ӷóһŵҩԼ£⻹ǶһˣҪ֤ҩİȫҲֻˡ
ԭѵҩڣѹҲˣ˵
ҵôҲ֪Ŀŵҩ˵ѽ
ڸоôˣ
ţеҩڣ֮ھͿԻָġˣһ˶ã
ˡ
ʲô£Ƕ顭
ģڰûʲô⡣
ûͺãСԱġ⣬ԯأ
ҲˣҵˣҲԸҪ֪ǼƴɱҪǶԸԯǻ첻
ԯǸ˲ȥˣҲûãڶʱ֮ڣӦò֡
˶٣ӷ֪¹ȥˣڵһЩҪһҪȴСͻɴ⡣
پǼнȳȥһ£̫ˣͨ
ƴţǺãҽǽ


917 ߷
ѶԣӷҪֵˣҲ˵Ƕ߲飬ǶˣǼôڲ֮ڡ
ӷԼķ򣬸֪˵ڶ߲飬֪֮ڿ֮ǰ߿֮ʱڳ
ƴţǼȥˣپ֩룬׷꣬ףʯͷˣ޳ɣټһ˲
˵ڵĶ˳ӷ֮⣬پǰΪˣӷҲ˽߲㣬պиΪԼãҲڶ֮ڣҪ໥ƽ⣬ͬʱҲܴƽ⡣
ӷѾûˣɫҲ൱ĺãپȻǿģҲͬһʡ
λˣ˵Ļһغˣڣӷ͸ûµƵģΪʲôΪʲôָ֮죬ڻ֮飬ν似ѽ
飬ǻȿŵģ˵°ɡ
پһ˵
ӷЦһ˵ҵôأ鶼ܵ飬һսɾͰ״ˣҿɲٷʲôӡ
ӷһԼڼ飬پҲȫ˳ӷ硣
Ȼӷ֪֮󣬶ڲһ⣬ìܵģڣҲòװһܲˬӣΪںǰӷҸڣĳЩһѵˡ
ף˵˵ɣΪʲô£
ɫ䣬Ҳ뵽ӷԼģϾԼˣپÿ鷳ġǣҲԼѽԼôĵֵ̣´ôˣ϶һͳںڵȻһе׼ΪԼϴȡһĵ̡
ûֵܺܣԸκεĴ
Ҳʹ죬ֱӾͳԼĴ
ʵ׶õ£ǰԭǣϴƽﲻúùܽˣ֪Ƶأپ㣬ҲͲгͻˡ
֩ǼˣҲǼ׵Żģ˵һеףѾġ
Ȼ֪ˣᣬҲÿˡȥ

״󾪣û뵽С£ӷȻֱӾͰԼⳡ߲ʸ񣬾پǼһ㶡
ʵҲȫף桭
پδ꣬ӷ˵֪˵ʲôǴκνڣ£ϴľҪеף㻹վʲôҹȥ
Ĳˬ˵ܹôЩһ
ٸ˵ϻ
ӷɭһһ˳ƨҷˡ
һսУ׿˵ǰ޳һѣ޳ҲΪ˵ûѽΣƢˣʲô˵򡭡
ǰ黢Ѳѽ
ϻҲ˵ǼҲӦ֪Ϊʲô¡ҶѾͳһ˹ںڵȲ˵뷽ҶôĿڲŴһĻǺпܾͻ̤ڵĺ·ڲ֪ߵغȥȨֱʲôԣµĴǶԲܷҲ˵ʲô£ܰˣȻӲ룬򣬾͵Ҷδķչ
ӷ˼Ѿԣ£òͷйϴ󣬸ԣк³ģֻиĹϵãŲ¡⣬ĲҲᵽΪֹ˹ںڵ֮󣬽ڵǱ߿㲻˳ֺۣڵضڹھزˣ
˵Ҫɫ£ĻҪһ£̫˵ҪֻЩϵҪ鷳ʮǰԼĸ׿һķ粨԰ĵ
ӷҲ֪һս뷽治ûֹԼǾ֤үվԼߵģȻүˣԼӣԼҲܱүǵѽ뷽棬ȫӣҲ̫ˣϵãѽ
پǼȻǱˣȥһ֮⣬ﶼǴˣر޳ɣھ¼壬Ǳߵ⣬ȻڳΪһ
ӷ˵Ǽˣ뷽ʲôĻ˭Ҳûµ£޳һ£뷽棬˽Ķࡣ
پ˶Ӧ㣬Ҳǳͬ
ǽǷֵˡҲһζİԼ˼·Ƿ֣ǾͶ˵˵ҪĿɣоǣ˵ĵǴģЩСˡ
پ˶ţҪһ˵Ҳ˵Ψһ£˵Ҫ̨壬ۣš
ãѾͷζǲСһҪƬ
پǸѽСţѽҿ
ӷЦһپģ˵ƹܡ
ɣһ仰̨壬ۣˮأ͸
ĺ£޳˵Ҫϵ
ӷ˵ͷǴӽԺеͷ
Ҳ˵Ҫ
ţͽˡˣҪסɰ˾ڣ˵ӽ£¶ҪܳκεĴ
ǼģڵľҲģ򻪱Ӧһʧ
ģһõġ
ѾҪʣµپˣûпڡ
ʯͷأӷʵ
ˡ
Ȼ㣬Ǿ͸ϣô
ԣû⡣
׷꣬
ǣ
ϸСģҲˮٵģʯͷûʲôҰģǲϵģ׷أǵһӷˣڳӷȻСĵ̣е˵ȥˡ
˵׷ûκεӷ绹˵׷֪꣬ΪʲôһԵ֮𣿡
׷˵ͷ˵ˡ
ûˣ׷ĶЩʲôˣɱ֣Ϊࡢຣġ½ʡУɶǳ˵ĵطҲɱֵĵطԵ̵ĴСˮ˵Ļ˵ɱǿһˡ
ȻɱǿĵսǿĶָ˭أ
ʣپ֩룬ˣپ֩붼Ƕˣ֩ǴˣپǺˣԱĻ˭ʺϵġ
ӷһ£ȴû˵˵پԻȽ죬͹ɡ
صˮģأΪͷԣ֪ôΪ׬ǮԳӷŻû˿ԥĽؽذ
ڻӷͿپƷǰѺ֣⣬ϻǶϼңپǵһӷˣʵѽ
ģܰҷʲôطҶᾡľġ
㣬ӷš
šǶͽ֩ˡ
ĵһˣҲ˵ûʲôˣĴȥ
֩е㶣ʵأ
СаţǾͲùˡ
Цһ㽭׶ڸһֱӸѽӷɵɣȥһͷǲǸԼ鷳
û˸ҶʣӷҲ˵׵⣬˵ڣͳһȴΪһҲΪɻġԣҾǼÿڣ·ΪɣǼɵı󣬲Ƕ
˶٣ӷپĻΪ硯֮ȥɽʤЩСɣȫ֮ڡ
ǣ
֩룬ĶΪ˻ᡯ
ǡ
޳ɣΪš
ǡ
׷꣬Ϊɻ
ǡ
ˣĻΪˡ
ǡ
ʯͷΪᡯ
ǣ
Ϊϻᡯ
ϻ᣿ⲻ۵ֺ𣡡
ûֺš
䲻ôأɣҾϲ׬Ǯɱɱܲɡ
Ǻãӽ󣬹ںڵ߷£ˣһҪǣݣǶ
ͬǣ


918 һƻ
ӷ罫һΪߣΪģǲ͵̫ֽ룬ҪȥһϯѡΣǺ൱ҵģûжûгӷ磬뷽Ҳڴˣض뾡һа취ԽһӴȥڽоڡ
ӷ粻ɵȥڵľ·ҲӷΪ˰㣬͵һе͵ֻҪ˵Ŀ⣬ȫͶԼֿߴϣǾö֮ܶˣͻὫԣ룬ˡ
ߴպôӴջڶģҲ˵ֻڵ£Ӵ˲ٸˮ棬һ⣬ȫپǵߴȥȻʱҪȫԲ˿ԥ
ߴ֮δһЩ˵Сӷ̽پ˸Եĵ̣һǵͷϴȥߵ飬ҪǶˡ
ʱΪƵģɾˣһϴѽڳӷһͳںڵưԻȴһߣô˵׵ٶһġ
ģ
پ뿪󣬳ӷһƨƨߵƿţҲҵųӷ淢йѽ
֪Ϊʲô㶪һ𣿡
ӷʵ
ûйҲпѽôûأ
ȷ׵ȷǹ㲻òϣƽǺ֣ɹؼʱ̣𵽹ؼõġ
׵ĺ֣ǹؼԵãҲͲֵǮˣ
˵ӷģӲţԸĥĥĻ㽫һôֻļɹ£֪Ƶء
ȻЩ㽭Ϊӷûۼû֪
ף㣬õʲô
е㲻ȻȴһĿɬشѽһ
ӷ˱䣬ʵʶ֮ǰõʲô

⻹ûش׵ļҾͺܺãϾѧ֮ǰҲѧʱ򣬼ѾкüˣڵڿűۣѾƭ˭أ
͵ĺڣףɫһû˵ɣ

ȫ͵ıʱݣû˵ɣ

һӳ͵˹˹׹λͬģû˵ɣ

㻹¿һ̹Ƶĳȥձѣźȥ˹˹ȥˣû˵ɣ
ӷڸöֵʱҶԲõ͵ʱ򣬾Բ̫ˡƽﶼЩʲôҲ̫˰ɣ
ӷţѾģүүҸףĸף⹫ǣûôСӿɵãеļɻȫȫˣٸһȥĻѾĻҪʼսˣ
ԣЩȫǴţ
ҪҪҽپЩȫˣ
ǧǿɶǮѽ
ѾĻ˼˵ģ˽İɣ
֮ǰÿڶʲôţ
á
ҽʲôţ
Ʒ
ֻ֪Ʒ㵹ã⣬һˣ˽ûɵġȥپǵÿڣʲôҲѹپ˻㲻ѱ˵ķ붼ˡ
ҲΪ˸׬Ǯѽ
׬˶ٻ

ô߱˵·ñ·ǰɣ·״ǲҲȥߡ
ңҡҴˣ
ţСһУȥֳָʲô鷳¡Ѿĸһȥһ£ˣʱپ
ʲôѽ
ȹ֮󣬸ȥ
ǣҲӢģ
СӲǺҲӢʱ˭˵Ӣпˡ
ȥӹţӷϵô˳ȻԼ̫̫ţǾʹһ鷳ļһȥ
ӷѡǻƴţģ˵ţ׻ûƴţǸΣѽǱǲŹƴţǼģûȥĻȥԣӷֻܴ׹ȥˣԼЩ֮УҲֻģԼһȥҪһǱ߿ɲй㲻ҵ鷳³ôǱߣ粼ѽ
ڳӷѹ֮󣬾Ѿһôߡ
һͳǽˣ粼֣ɱȹڴҪ飬ҲԱ࣬ʱҪԳӷҪõһĴ㣬һʲô
ȻҪǾҪ
ٸԽ͢ϣͱ׿л԰ǸΪص˹λ֮ϵţϵЩʷ֯Ǹҵţӣˣ
ƨҷţѽⱳģֲʶˣԳӷĵ͵˵ʱһԼ˹ȥģôѽ


919 
̶ʮ꣬ȴҪܶ£һǾ˵飬ǾͱҪȥҲҪãˡ
Ҫһ֮ǰȴʲôƻûеĻǾעʧܣûκεԣ±ҳɹˣһ޼ƻ飬Ҳá
ڳӷԣмȥûյ飬ôаյģƻֻҪƻ趨ˣȥһɹİա
ȻУƻԶϲϱ仯ģνģǻģںܶʱ򣬺֮ܶ£ƻҲֻܵһοһζİռƻУһƻ;ʲôͻ䣬Ǿ趨ŵļƻһɳӰ㣬أ
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˼ţȻûۼʶүү׵磬ȴ˺ܶࡣڵĳӷ粻˵Լڵĳɾܸүү׵ȣ٣ԼѾһСɡ
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һ̤磬ǳӷɾͲܶˣӲ䣬Ҳ䲻һߴһɵĺ㳲Լȵ
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ӷҲ֪ʱ򣬳ǱߵıԼʵĽүүףǾŹùã;ƲԼˣԼҲܺƤҪ˰æѽΪģҪԽλͱ뿿Լʨ꿿ûУûУƾԼ£˸֮⣬Ǹӵģ³ţķңһܺõӡ
ӷţ飬ͬһ죬˸ңֻǱ˵ķݡ
佣ڵѾᣬʮһȻȥɣ
ڣӷѾ佣˽
ҾãǲҪȥźһУ
ǸҪ𣿡
佣ûκοǵĵͷС
ӣӦú
ţǳ˶֪һվԣǱߵҵǺڵֻ׼ӭӡȥˡ
ӭӣû뵽СȻѾС
佣Įı鲻ɵЦһ˵ڣɱԯҲ֮زز֮ĵƣٸԽ͢巽ҲѾشв֮ڣ⻹СĻǾûˡ
һԵ£˺ܶҲ֪ѽ
ǵġԯ٣۷ϣѾճλãʹһ۷֮ĿȴսڱٸԽ͢Ǹֹסˣʱ䣬Щһ۷񡣿ǣЩһҲɵӣηٸԽ͢ǼҶҲΪˣǶĿϡ
ңɵİɣʲôֲǵӡ
û취ѽǱɱģЩֶڴԣ˭ܴǾ۷׼ˣûܣµʱһ۷֮λҲԲ˳ģһ͵ĸ˵ֱһ裡
Ҳ˵ǰкܶսˣ
ҪȥˣϾ˺ܶ֡
ӣϾǴȥˡ佣ͷ˵һǸø͸ȥҪʱһǵġҽߵȶһ֮󣬾Ͼ꣬ƹЩν֡
佣ͷǽôã
ҲҪһߣңҪ
˶٣ӷɭɭɱ
佣ӦŴ򿪣ͼһò˰ӣ˽
ɱ
һɫװһװңԽ׳һ˫۾ʱ̴⣬ȴᣬһ۹⣬ͷĳ΢΢еɫ֮£ͬһƷ㣡
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ӷ佣໥һۣˣԼʶѽ
佣ɱ䲡ͻ֮ˣǿԽ䲡ģĸ־Ȼûֹɼһˢӣ佣òš
ӷһ˫۾ӵϴţȴһʶĸоȴһʱ벻˭
Ҳôģڸӣȥ
佣ɱ
Цһ㵹Ů˵Ц̣ȴ佣ջǿɱ
佣ȲҪʲôˡ
佣㻰ưˡ
Ц¸˽𺺽һʱ䡣
𺺵ˣ
ৡһʣֱָӡ

ӷһЦ佣޷֡
ǳû뵽ϼһӣȻԽıģ
ӷʶӣ佣Ȼսˡ
ǻҪ˾ĵҩһӣ޷ˡ
ӷǳĵ˵ͷ˵һʹɡ
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ˡ
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Ǹʱòӷȴȫµһòĳ˹֣ƫƫУ
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ܺãȥɣ֮Ͼ꣬ţͳ
һ
佣˰Ѻû˿ĹһҪ


920 õȳȴ
һʱδȥκ飬ǲģˣһıĻƵʱҲ
һܵΪصĴ󣬾ͻʧȥģʱĺҲˣԣЩ꣬ȡ棬ͷ˷ǳת䡣
񣬺ѾˣųӷĵҩЩ𺺽ڵҽΣݣѾָǰò
ܣԼѾǰʲôӣڻָˣڽ𺺽ڣȻǸмΪмģǳӷ磬ûгӷĵҩڵҽȽҪò仯ΪĿӣҲǾƲܵģԣӷһ£ǶԼжĽ𺺽ڣҲڰ֮ڣ˼ˡ
ӷûѯʺô𺺵ģûҪȥˣ𺺶ڵѾ˻⣬ңΪų۶о֮ķϣӤʱڵĳӷĻӷҲн졣
ǣѾΪʵʱ䣬Ѿ御ˣԣӷҲ̫࣡
ҲҲֻкѩڵҽ𺺣ȥҲˣѩҲӦϵʲô£
Գӷ˵ҪһϢʧһ仰⣬ټйм˱ס
ģٲÿŲӿ㡣
ϣ佣ų׸һȥӳӷԺȴʵһֱ׵Ĵ׺ǲˬƤˣѾģԭ쵰Ǹ
ֵܣαأһֲʧȥʲô
ͣҪһѾġ
佣Ͳףһ·ҽԺȥ
Сʱ֮󣬳ӷѾԺˣƴţպô绰˵һԷЩûͦġ
ӷһҲԣƴţǼԼҪǵʱ˻飬ԼһӶǣҲ⼸ѽ
佣ʮһǣͷ̣ȫȥˣϾԵĺƽмϾģ¸ƣǣϹҸФӷͽȫ˹л¥ԷȻԼ͡
ϰӷһȺСˣдҲҪˣѾõľƲϣҲΪ˸лӷϴεİæ
Щ̫ӵһϰҲôѽڿ˼֮뿪˰ᡣ
ӷǸ˺һƣ໥֮䲻öܣ佣֮⣬Ѿȫʶˡ
ƴţһ˫۾ͻȻɱĵϵһˣɱ˵ĳ嶯ˡ
ѾĿʲôû˧ѽ
ƴţʵܲס˫ֱӾͱ
λֵܣлú˵ҲֻǶ࿴㼸ۡ
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˵ƹӣһһҪĴй
һ⻰ƴţ˫ֽǰӺ˵ٿӵزӷѾġ
СѣʲôʱظԵġ
ӷЦʵڻ˵ȥĵطûʲôֱ
үǷˣȥҲ˵ǿһؾˡ
˵꣬ФЦ֮Ǵʮˣӣӷ粻ܴϾԼҲܸȥѽǸȻ壬ɲԼܽȥġ˵ˣԼԽһѾԽǲˣȥһԽ첻쭲Ź֡
治֪λؾôĴѽžԲҵһϾǰˣ
¸ëȻүǶûǵ£ǾĬĬ֧ǡ
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⹫һӢۣ˲ȴĸ׷ͺڷˣϥŮȴڼʮǰ½صЩսУȥʵڲ˼ҵˣЩ£ֲܲ
˵Խ˧ѾǿʮǰˣүӵǼӣ˵ǳӷһûǳۣҲû
Լ˧¼˲֪˲
뵱꣬ظ½ǱǱңǱԵսģڸոȶͷ飬ȻҪɳǰȥƽԼңȻ׵壬Ϊү͹ϵ뷽治սԼӣȻǴȴϣӷȥȴսûһŻġ
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ȳȴһȳһյߵӷǰϴЦ⡣
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ųӷ䣬̸佣֪ʲôʱ³վ˳ӷߣ佣һסȳȴ󲮵ȥ·
ң㡣
ӷĻ̶Ī˼ֻǼõѽ
С磬ϴ˰ɣȳȴЦ
ҶԼļӲɣ˵ͼ
λС磬ʲôطңǲƽʱڴϣ춼õġ
ӷ˵⹫鷿㡣
λС˵Цˣҿɲʶ鷿˼ҡ
ָģ鷿Ƭ
һϴˡ
ȳȴҪˣҲ·Įꡣ
ӷں˵ĸԽ죬ϵã
ȳȴһͣһСᣬȻҡͷʶû
㿪Цɣһϯ˵ûǲйˣ
ӷ˵⹫͡㣬ϵã
ңҲʶ
ȳȴ󲮵ʼ
Խ̣ԽԽϵã
ʶ˵ˣһʶ
ӢУӢӢ죬ӢʦӢԪ㣬ϵã
ȫʶ
һԼӣӢۣѵҲʶ𣿡
ȳȴҲ˵ˣתһһȳһȥһЩ׬ǮĹֳҲȫҪˣ
ιӢۣʲôѽҪˣȵѽȳȴ󲮵ں󺰵


921 ԼҾ
ڣǼȫŴͣһһԲܵƵģÿ˵˫ۣųӷ硣
磬Цˣҹģеµ˵
λСȻҲ£ʵѽ
ӷķǳ࣬˵ǻƴţǲԼ֮ǰ˵飬Լеʱֵĸо˳Σ˸ʵˣǣֲΣΪʱ̸佣ڳ
Ѿ佣ˣȷסǸȥȷһ¡
һεЦ˵˵ЦòãǲŶѽԼ˧ֻ֮û
ȷԼ˧ʮǰΪڻƴţУǬȽϴ󣬵ҲŶʮ꣬Ҳ˵ǬȳǰǰԼ˧ѾΪˣʣǼôԼж
ʵӷ磬ҿһǸո˰ɣˣôܻСˣС˻ϵĻ⹫ôܻ᲻֪С˻ϵĻϯĪ
ѽԼһӻϣϯ֮λҲֲԽѽԽĽãЩҲ縺ϼصѹŮ֮ȫҲĸеһУӦԼ֮ȥе
ǣӷԿ϶ԼûۻûмһԼС˳һģһˣһʱԼ˵ԼһϵеʱҲӦǰķӦѽ
ӷ绹ļǵģԼʱڵʱ⹫鷿ۼԼλ˾˵ƬȻЩƬȴӡ˳ӷԺУܻǡ
Լ˧䲻Ǽ֮󣬾ŷĴڣرӢۣ
ӢΪԼӣҲΪʹһӣССӾͷǳĻ䷽棬ϸ̵û˿ĵӢҲûүӸλĺʮξʮѾȫӣһ֧Сӣִйÿһ䶼˹ȴ־ǿĻҲΪʲôʱľӶӢ۵ľ壬Ӣ֮ۡơ
ӢΪԼӣȴһУһõѫ֮ˣ磬Ҳõѫ֮ŵõģɼԼӵУӢۣνԼҵ䷶磬ĸãӢͶء
ʮǰǼսУԼȥУͰԼϣϣ̳²ӢۣʹĵԼңһɥ²˵ޣҲһҹ֮䣬ࡣ
ľ񣬱粻䣬ԼңҲѾŮңŮȴϣʱڳӷոڣɱ˹֮󣬾ȻһԼСӢ۳һģһˣ
ƴţ˼˵ûϴԼС˵Ļ˶ΪʮǰѾսɳڣȴúõĻϣζʲô
ƴţ˿ӷ磬е㲻ңȴֱӵѿڶ˱
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ȻתһصĶ⣬˻ƴţϣʱƴţϣһΪԵӡ
Сӣ˵ʲôӢ˱ǹңûһñˡȻǳδʶԼһ֮ЩҲӲͬĵط˵Լһ¼ǾӢۣǾȹǸ׵ʮǰһΪڻǵĸ׸սһ֮սԭȺɱһѪ·Լȴһˣ˾Ӣۣ˵˱㲻±׸ү֪ˣ𡣡
ѽ꣬ӢۿǾȹܶ˵УͰƴţѵĸףưӢۣܻ˱˭˵Ļҳķݣ
Ҵ˻𣡿ǣС˵Ļ£ҪôͣôţȻһսûΪʲôؾҪ֪һĴ֪ĻǻôӰ죬ͲҶ˵˰ɣ
ѽӢĻţȲ˵үӸϷ˻ἤʲôЩһһƨƨߵܵԼۼʶһµλԼӢ۵ѽ
Ϸӻʧ˰ɣ
仰ܹѪԵĹѪӷ磬ҲЦһ˵ûȷ֮ǰ˭ܽ˵ȥһҪܣ򣬾дУȫϾѽ
˿̣ӷֻ佣ġ
绰󣬳ӷıӵѿʵôˣ
ҵˣֹһ
ʲô˼
佣˵һŮ
ʲôŮȻŮǲǻӦӣ
ûУһŮƬҲˡ
ӷһֻţʾ˵Ƭһȳȴ󲮣һһͱȳӷüŮ꣬ϵĴŷǳأ佣͵ĵʱŮڳһһ߻һڿ
ƬסӦ÷ǳ࣬ŮˣӦûڶ飬˵Ӧö˶ʿˣ
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СˣҾͲּӣҪһؾ⹫Ҫָԭеݸλ
ǣ㶼Ѿ˭Ķˣ˼ҸͲѽ
СˣңһԭһԿ϶ԭ򣬸ʮǰһսйأţԼҴٵݲҪĸĸ׷ͺڷˣҲؾƽ
ô
ӷ翴ֻϣǺпԼƬ˵֡Сѣͨӣϣȴñ̷֪ΪҲ⹫ʧ
ãϲ顣


922 У֮
ӷ磬Ѿ鵽ˣԼֱ˵
ֱ˵ɣеͷΡ
ΪƸոջָͷΣӢ۵飬óӷͷΡ
ȻʱǴֱӳӢۣʲô鶼ð죬ʮ׷ʲô£һΪʲôмҲ飬ײϣΪʲôȳˣЩԼֱ˵ڣ˼Ҷݣָɱӷˣ᲻ͷΡ
ЩԼѾүӸĸͷʹˣ¾Ҫˣһ£ȫҶĵĻӷ᲻һȥ죡
ѽϷϣ˵룬ڻڶ飬ѧУȴ򵥡
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žϾѧԺ
ӷ΢΢̧ͷУ
ûҪ֪Уɲʲô˶ܽȥģҪȵͨһϵп֮ܽ˵ȿԱҪһ£û·ĻǼΪıǲܽУġ⣬һܿУǾѾһλˣԣŮˣǳûκιϵܿУСĸ׿Ϊģ˱ŮˣǸˣ
ӷ׻˵ġǸˡʲô˼ϾŮˣֿܰӵģ˭ѽ
ĸʲôˣ
ˣʮǰĸȢĸףճһ꣬ĸ׾򲡹ˣĸײ֪ʲôԭ򣬾ʹϾùӣ飬ֱǰȻ󿼽˾У΢һ㡣
أҲ˵һ˵Ļصģ
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ڶһ磬ӷͳˣǰ˼ڵĽžϾѧԺ
ھУĴѧɲͬ߾ߵģÿ춼ҪѵͶȫǾˣԼɷѾΪһϰߣϲѧԺڶһ磬ͻϻ
УſڣѾвѧԺˣŮÿһֱͦ壬һ֮磬ÿһ˵ϣžžñ޲⡣
ӷڽУʱվڵľ˸סˣֵطɲʲô˶ܽġ
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ӷеԥ֤ԼġˣƴţǼְˣԼɻоأֻûȨˡ
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վڵľ˶֤˭ˣĲͷˣʲô֤ãȥý֤صĿҪǹеģң֤ίӡ£ҲǾ޷ٵģǰ꣬һλѽ
վڵľĺܶ࣬ı飬Ǿˣڹı֮£ȻΪע۵Ҳ࣬ʱھеλ꽫ڣкۣܶѵǰ꣬ǵʱ찲Ź㳡ϵ꽫
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˽еľǹһһֻ˾ͬ׳á
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һѧԺȥ֪ͨԼսѡͬѧЩӵݾˣŵ㡣
վڵľȻҾվڣһ˵֪ͨУ㿴ŵ㡣
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ǰӣϴε飬Уͷϣֽѵˣ᲻ѽ
¸ëӶš˵ҲԣۿҪˣ̫ܳ飬£ҲӸ㡣绰˸ӣ̵ģʡĵˣӽͶ룬ӽˣѾĸӡ


923 ̫үѰ
ڻ峿ߵ㣬ͨĴѧЩνصѧֻмѧУ԰ĲٳϳˣҲΪ˶塣
УȻѧԺÿ죬ųˣǰͬʱΣڲٳʾǵľ
ӷУ󣬲ûȥЩѧ¥Ӳȥ쵼Щ쵼䶼оģɶʱѧУ
ӷֱ˲ٳһѾٳǧѧԺÿһ϶žװûһġ
Щ飬ӷ绹ûôһУеĲȲľӲҲȾеĲ̫
һӶӵѧԺڽ̹ٵָ£ͣڲٳܲŮŮûκȨֻҪǽƬٳҪǣԼһˣҪʱ̱ѵ״̬ʱܹҵµʱҵˣֵͬľҲܶԼ˿Ŵ
۷쪣óӷǹѪ鲻Խ¶˳
Ӣ۰սȥ׳ʿѪδΪѪΪ񱣰
ڴʱһѪʫ䣬ӷĶС
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ӷһЦ˵⹫ţΣҿҪƤҪѹǮˣ


924 ֵİ
ʱ򣬳ӷһ˺˵СƣеŻصС
ʶӷˣѻǵһμӷһȥȾƵģҲ˽ӷ磬ԲһˣȻ˾ƣ˵ĳЩ飬ӷѾ˴𰸡
ӷ磬Ҫϲˡ
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ӷžһЦԼңѽǳӷΨһж˹ִ֮ձȳһϸүжķա񣬳ӷַ֣ԭԼҵڶеľӢ۾ȻҲ˼䣬Լѽ
˵˵ôȷµģϷʵ
ϣԼ֮⣬˭ʹһϾȭ˵ҲȤҽȥУ˼ףȻһǳŮˣ仰ˬֱӾͶҶ֣ʹģϾȭҪ֪Ͼȭ⹫״ңҲֻ⹫һΣǲģ˼ףȻʩչȫϾȭǴӹɢľǺ޷ģҲܰٷ֮ٿ϶СӢ۵ŮǴ󲮣СˣӢɡ
ǼնǸˣԼҵ̫ˣҲΪ󣬲ŻкȨ졣
ۿԼûж̳УӷҪ̳гңүĿǰΪͷʹ֮£û뵽ʱ򣬾ӢۣȻˣ
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һƣӢɢǣϾ¹ʮ꣬ľ֮˿̣Ҳ޷ȫӳԷѹס

৵һȥӢûо׷һȳһյֳܵǰֳ׷ȥ
Ļ쵰ҶŮҪȫʬ
ƤڣЦӣɹˡ
ǻʲôȵǰŵĵطȥϣҪˬ㡣
УſڵһߣͣһɫķǻѣӷԱߡ
֪ͨǣĶסԷʱλС⣬پʮ֣סǱ㣬ǧ⣬˸Эұ֮ˣֹС˾ˡУдţϵһϾһ֧ӳֹͬλС˾ˡǲףҪİȫһҪֹС˾ˣӷ絽ڸʲôѽ
С¶첻ãҲҪȥˣȥҲ
ӷյһЦϣ͵źúϷɣžɡ


925 ֮1
ҲӢΪʲô·ԼݣڣһŮΪЩǷŮҲ̫̫ˣԣӢ۾ԲԼŮ£ǶҪҲҪסŮİȫ
ֳڽϿٷɱӢѾʹǾ˳ЩҲΪڽֱ߼ΪеģȺܶͨ˴ֳ࣬ʻڴϣ˺ܶ·˵Ŀ⣬ͨ죬ڴͣӢȴûô࣬ЩһֳҲû׷ȥ
Ӣ۲ʲôʿ߶ǣȴһľǡ
ʮӢ۽ľصķǳã˭ŮҲֻΪԼĸֻǸͨˣֻʱ򵱹ˣһִʱ˲۵ģĻȥ룬ԼĸףȻԺյݣ
Ӣ׷źɫͬʱûзǰ棬һ۳һһʻţǰı۳һָٵķźɫţıǸӢ۵ġ
һ·׷ѾǴ˺ü֣üΣӢ۶ˣ·˼ˣ֪ǳȥ򣬶Ӣѯ֮ˣȻ̰ŵġ
Ͼ⣬һ˽˹ԢƤӸȵ빫Ԣ֮󣬲Сʱʱ䣬ɫҲ˴˵أҽԵ˼׸̧˹Ԣ
ڼ˽˼̧Ԣʱ濴ţκ˽ȥ
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ֹ˴ԼӵӣӢ۲ֳϵˣλյľٶ֮죬ѧĶҲûѽ
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ȳӣǻĲͷ˰ɣȻҵˡ
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Ӣ۲ûɱֻ֣Ǹͨˣ˳ȳŮĻҲ̫󣬿ԼŮܵ˿˺Ҫɱˡ
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飬飬顣
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ȳӣӵˣˣӽ첻ŪǸŮ


926 ֮2
ǸŮʵǱӵԸЩײ˵Ҳֵñǡ
ǣ˭Ů֪ôӿңŮˣζϴŮãҲˣȻҸӶ֣ʹıӲǶУ
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ӢڵķŭѾһĽ׶ΣϾǹʮƽӣûʸԼӢۣΪԼŮҲ뽫ֵ̫󣬽ֻҪȳԼŮ飬ҲˣˣŮ뿪ϾʲôУʲô٣һŲҪˡ
ϧǣӢۺܲˣʮʱ䣬ͷǱϳңԣҲעӢ۽ûô׽ǡ
ֻʮȫͣӢ۵һþǹľˣӳٶȻ뷽棬ӢۻʮǰԼ
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֧ӣһǴĳЩ֪Լ鷳ԲŻܹæģҲ֪ĸƨļһĺ£˭ºһҪúõĽˡ
Ƥ޵YYΪԼ⹫ӵݣϾһ粨ȴ֪°뱲ӣǰԶԼΪģֻΪ㲻ܵˣҲﲻ֮ˡ

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ڼ˾ԱĹЩȻȻ뵽´ǰ˾ԱĹ鷳ԼЩġ
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ǼҽȳӵһȴϡѾģȻұӵ鷳챾治
һȺ˶໥һۣ˵ѽƽǲ˵㣬ȥȣǿӵϣҲܲȡڣԷֻһмͨ񹤣бҪô
Ļھֻţȴûһ˸˵ڣµλѽ
̾˿ͷľǰιȳӣҪû£̣ǲƽϡ
ͷľ˻ͦģӢۣǰλ޶İӣʲô¶ĳģ֮ʲôìܣ񹤣ôĹֹٶѽ̰ɣ
ӢȴûЩ˷ʮǰĻӢ۾Ի˵ֱӽˣͬԼֻǸõģôˣѵƴɡ
ֻҪŮϾߡ
ŮץŮ
û˾档
Ƥŭȳӷϻʲô֣ǲҰָȫһ
ѽǴɲģԼЩģպҪ飬Ҫרҵģһھ˴ǶԼǰ;Ӱġʣھﶼŵκι˾κελƵģ˭ѽ
ƤһвЩѾû취ˣȰҲȰˣ㲻Ҳû취˵ץŮҲǹܵ˵ѽ
ץ
ͷľ˺ԥû취˭˾ԱĹأ
ǰҪץˣӢȴ֪ˣӣ첻ģƾȲԼŮ
顣
صһȭһ˶ûļӦѾӢ۴ڵء
ȳӣǲ֪ô
ͷľ˱ץӢۣ·˷ˣ֮ҲԼ£ץˣ·ܹ
ȴϣȳӻ󵨣ȻҶԾ˶֣ʹЩ˶ŭˣһȥҪչֶΣȳӡ
ӢڵķŭѾ˼㣬뿪ʮ꣬û뵽еı仯ͬ磬֮죬ʲôʱʼӣЩӵܵ߹ˣ˵ץ˾ץˣ˵˾ʹˣûһûһ棡
Ӣŭһʱ䣬ľƣȫһǿҵɱ⣬ȫ˫֮УŭӣֹҾŮҲҪ
֮˿̷ӵ쾡£ôˣһһ˭ҲΪ˵ƣǿɴδԼ׳ŽҲûд˵ѽ
ȳӣʲôˣƣҲ̫̬˰ɣ
ƤҲǵȲˣеʲôҵ֡
£¡
ͷľ˵һȥ󼸸Ҳ
Ӣһ˫ȭͷ㼲㣬һľ˴ڵ㣬ŭ񣬳ޱߵɱ⡣
⣬ǹִı𣿡
Ӣһŭ𣬹ǵ׳֪꣬СӣҲҪһ硣
еĳӷЦ⣬˵⹫ıҼ˾ǰһʶڣС˼Ȼ˵˹ֵ֣ǣͽֽйɡ
׳ӷ˰ŵˣӢԼݣͬʱһӢǰʶҲʶ˹ţˣϾĵһ֣֡
׳Ҳеģǲ֪
Ӣ۴죬ҾЩ˸ӡ
ˣұȳӡ
ͷľʵڳܲסӢ۵ȭӣֻǵǹˡ
ӢǿǹĻᣬӰһ˵ǹ˹
Ȼ˵ǹʵ޷ˡ
޷죬ѽԼǸͨˣǸΪͨˣΪͨȲ˵ԼסԼŮһͨŮҪԼŮԺôѽ
ԼѾŮôĿ࣬ԲŮԭеǰ;Լѽ
Ӣķǳ֮࣬Ҳǳ֮Զ뵱ԼŮǲξΪģϣԼŮллˣ㲻ϣܹҲǼǳҸˣԼڴɱ䣬ǻᵼôĺԼŮǰ;ö룬Ҳˡ
뵽ЩӢֹͣ˽ͬʱѾǰӢ۸ץסˣʮѾǹȫָӢ۵ͷ
ЩˣҲԼôλǹУԼŮأԼΣԼǹУҲԲԼŮ
Ӣţڣֻһ취ܱסԼŮԼŮܵκ˺ǰ;٣취ǡ
ȳӣӿ͵ɡ
Ӣֱ壬˫ۿŴͷľˣ˵йҡ
ȳӣΪ˭ѽȻŽƤǰЦ
ҼǽҡϹҡ߹֣Ӣۣ̹


927 ʮ겻
й̹
Ѿģ㿪ʲôЦ㵱Լ˭ˣȻٽ㣬㵱ԼһԪˣ˺òã缸ɲǱŴģǵӣǽǲ缸ǹָˣѾǹˡ
ƤӵһЦ֮еľˣҲȫЦ
Ҳ˵˴ѽٽһôĴڣһôĸŵս֮ϣǿȫͳ˧Ѿķ
һ˷ЦǴ˿̿Ӣ۵񣬾൱ڿɵһû˿
Ȼ˵ȴ󻰣˵ЩˣŲ˭ЦֹģͬһؤҪͳʨĴ󽫹һװװˣҲҪװƵʸѽ
Ӣ˫ŭδȥѾǹӵķŭΪԼŮ֪ԼǣϾʶԼģ˹֮⣬ѵеڶ
ʱӢͻȻ죬պһϳԼ𣬿ǣԼȴֲҪңҲҲѽ
ӢĵЩӵĵղǰ˸ֹ˵꣬ȫڽϳָʹġ
˵ĴЦͣʱ򣬹ԢţѾһ˿ֻ˼ףӹԢڳѾ֪ʲôµ˼ף˵ǹѪҪƤʬΣҲܲˡ
˼벻ǣԼһȻǹָԼĸףңЩǹģȻǾˡ
ͬʱԼ׵Χʮˣȫһǳʹӡ
һĻ˼׷ǳԾ⵽ô£Щڵϵľ˭򵹵ģΪʲôôǹָԼĸףңЩȫԼսѽ
˼ױǴأתתϾģǴϾߣУģԣЩˣ˼ȫʶ
˾ͽʲôΪʲôǹָҰ֣
ǽ˾ͽľҲǴͷľˣڼ˼׺ҲеĪ
ô£ΪʲôԼսѣŮսѣ
ʲô㸸ף
˾ͽΪԾΪսѣ˼ױϾĲãͽ˾УУֻ֮ʶϵǺܺã˼׵ĸס
ϷҰ֡
ӣ㵱Լ˭ˣ˵žͷţѱӵɿˡ
ӣ
ʹӢ۵ķŭһ
ӡΪ˲Ǹ鷳ӢҲȴǰһԡ֣ζʲôζԼҵŮˣͳͳˣĻĲͷˡ
ӢûʸԼҲݲκˣڱ˵Լһ仵仹ԼҵŮˡ
㡣
һץסӢ۵ľȫǹ𿪣ӢҲܲôˣһֱӳ嵽˰Ƥǰһֻ֣ס˰ƤӵĲӡ
˵ѾĲû˼Ӣ۶ѾǽоˣֻҪǷŮʲô¶ûУӢҲѡԼŮԶԶ뿪Ͼ
ڣƤʵǲ֪ߵغԼҵŮҲһҪǽԼŮȫ˽ȥлϯԽڡ
ԺӢ۾ͷǳ۰ĸãκ۸˭Ǹӣעû³
񣬹ʮ꣬ӢȻԼʸԼĶӣҲκԼҵˣԼĸӡ
ȳӣϷſӡ
˾ͽˣƤӳ£Լôȥ˾Աѽ
˵˾ͽˣ˼ףҲ벻ԼĸףȻ˵á
ǰ˼ֻ֪ԼĸǵģԼڲͬľȭҲԼĸ׽ԼģȴҲ֪Լĸ׾Ȼѽ֮䣬Ѿס˰ƤӵĲӣʱ°Ƥء
ҪɱҲӦԼɱԲԼĸס
£ŮԼ۵ĶԷ˼Ѿͬˡ
֣֣ɱǷģ
ΪңѾκηˣӵܣ֪ˣЩģӦԼȥƲڶЩʲôΪŰ𣬰ЩӵܣѹЩϰգȻ֮ңҽʹɱ䣬úóЩһһ
ѽ˵ְǱҸƲԼЩ˽춼Щʲô֪λƤӰȳӵŮԼսѣԼЩˣȴʵǲѽ
˾ͽ˵˰ӣ£ǵûԺҲԲΪġ
ڻƾʲô˵Щƾʲô㣿
ҷģԾ˵ġ
죬ЩˣûʸԳǾˣǳֻЩϵİˡ
˾ͽ治֪˵ʲôˣԼЩ˽ΪûʸԳһˣ¶Ҳһ˵ѽ
ҪôſϷ˰ӣ
˵йϹҡ
˼һʱһκ
Цɣ֣Ͼĵһ׳ԼĶͷ˾ԼĸȴԼĶͷ˾ⶼʲôʲôѽ
˾ͽΣɾ֪ôʱͻȻһһˣӳˣϾĵһ׳֣Ž
Щ쵰ȫʲôһǹǸʲô
ھ˼־Ȼˣȫǹһգһоͬ׳á
ӵģһȺС˸ӣǣûҵ˭ľӣ
˾ͽҲΣΪǰ˾ԱԼ˵ģ£˼Ұ˾Ա֪
˼Ҳǰһ񣬵׳á
ֿһ˼ףŮޣӡΪУԼƼģ㣬Ƿǳ㣬ԼϾŮУν̳ˡ
ԭСѽ㲻ھУôҲܵˣ
˼׸شȴϣ棬Լĸǰ֣ʮ겻ɻϵ磿


928 
Ϊϣ¸ʮ꣬˵սѣѣֵܣǸ֮䣬ҪһϳҲ̫ܡ
ǣһ䡰硱ȴʹĹֵһ
νһˣֵܣӢ۵ȹսѣֵܵԼѾˣǲˣǣȹˣܹ֮ˣһӣǡ
ľԼ˧½սУĪսˣ£ÿһϵɱ֮˵УһԶ޷ԼжѪǹ˿ɱȵľƣǾʮʱ䣬ܶ˶޷ǡ
˿̣һ䡰硱ʹĹֵи͵һ
ϣ˭Լģ磬Ҳ˵λǰ棬λ磬ÿһλķڵ꣬Ǿصһ仰ʹȫһ
ֵ˫е·һԾ֮֮Զȴ֮ߣɣ
еľˣ˼׸ǰƤӼڣʱһ亹ǸôƢڳı˭֪ģһԲˬˣѾ˵ʲôɻϵ硱ⲻʲô
ϾУǰ˾Ա˾㣬ƤĺܣԣϾͷϣȥκˣֻҪǸϱߵˣȴȥȣֻҲΪʲôƤӣƤȴûȥ鷳ҪԭΪƤӵλ˾Ա͸ʡһϵģͬһϵģʡǼ͵ǵ˹λôĺԼȥ
Ƥʱ򣬵Źֵ棬úýѵӢһ٣һӡ󡣿ǣԼĲȴӢţֻҪ˼ҼһԼСûˣʣ֮£ƤӸ𣿲ǲңѾ˵ˡ
˼׼׳٣Լĸ׻ŰƤȲܰƤӵĸ׸ǲսѣ飬ҲǷģûȻԲᣬȻˣһܿԼĸ׶ɱ
С鷳ˣ鷳ˣ
˼׷Ӧǳ죬ȹǰܵӢǰ֣˰ɣ׳ˡ
Ӣ۵һ鶼ûУ᲻֪ǰλٽλԼŮ׳ͷ˾ڣԼǰλֻǸСܰˡ
˼ںǺ£Ҳڰֻ
ӷЦϷҪˡ
˵ǺϷô
ǾҪǱܲ鵽ʲôˡʲô鲻ĻҽϵİţҲһ嶼ûˣλСˣͬϵġ
̾˿ӣҪĽѽ
ֻӢȥŲ֮أǰδеģµսϣĵˣȽţ壬Ҳû˳ع죬ֳסˣرڿ˶Էò֮󣬳סˡ
⣬ⲻܣ
ֵе΢΢Ȼǰ·񿴵˹ƵģгȴֲܴС
ôʮ겻綼ʶˣ
ӢϵǹƣùֺǳòĻֻԼһǣǿɣϣȷгһģһ˴ڣκѪԴϵġӢϵǹƣ;߱ľȴʲô˶ӵеġ
һϤĸоһʶĸоӿϹֵͷ
ңѵǼ𣡡
⻰Χ˶㿴ңҿ㣬û֪λ׳ô£
Ӣ۶Թֵĳƺȴоˣ˼ڣûˤ
Сӣˣˣ磬Ҳˡ
СӣʲôƺԣһϴСܵĳƺ
ʲôЦýȳӵǰȻСܣȳӣʲôˣʲôݣ
Ҫңȳӣȴǹֵĳ״ʲôģⲻܣΪ˶֪־һãңǸڿһ飬Խλ顣
磡
硱еĺǿӦ˵ڣַξĸоʮǰѾսɳ֮ˣôܻʮ֮һγԼǰ绹ŵĻԼ֪ܲүӲ֪ܲѽ
˽֪Լӣ˧ʮǰվսȥүӸϷΰ׷ͺڷˣ
꣬ԼսɳϢմؾǣʱ찲Ź㳡֮ϣ;ۼ˳ǧľˣЩ˵ľۼΪıҲΪΪսɳλӢۣսʿУһ̡
ļǵģ꣬ԼӢ۵ĹϵǳãӢ۵գֵͻ󣬶ʮңȴҲִйģӢ۴ıԵȻΡ
Ǹʱ򣬹ǵųǧսѣֵܣ׳쵼ǰذֱӿ˹ȥүӣԽֱؼҵġ
Ǹʱ򣬹һʱĹÿ쵽ϣͻȥĹǰ߿ţߺƾƣǵʱүӿΪһɥӵĸȥֵĻǾͲнĹŽˣ
ִ˿̵ۿУѾˮ˵һεĻү㣬ǧǧ򣬱ѹҵҪҲ࣬Ҷ˵仰Ҷȼƣ̸˵һҾѾˣ
ΪʲôΪʲôʮ磬ûθҡ죬ǲʲôҪ飬ͨⳡθҵģ
·ţ⻰ȴû˵ڣⲻΣǸöѽ
ж᲻ᵯֻδʱ
ʱ˿ֵ̣ᣬѾӢᣬֵʱᣬǣǡ
΢΢һҲ̲סˣ󲽳ȥͲܱӢסӵİƤӣһͽƤӴӢ۵иƿͬʱӢҲһ֣Ƥӣֱˤڵϡ
ֺǺ£ǾŵҪȥץסǰ磬£±Լһץʱʧˣԣֲңһӣٲ顣
ӢʱɫһҲû䣬ǹƣǹɾصı˳صһȭ˹ֵţţһ󺰵
Ҳ֪Ӣе̫ͻȻǴھ˵Ǳʶǹ֣ڳоˣЩڵϵľˣҲȫо˿ʼжӣγ˺üţеľǹȫķź͵̧ڹֵĴ£ͬһʱһضľ
йžʦţӪڰʮţڶʮֱ࣬


929 Լߣ
һ޾ľ˵İԵģ˵ֵطôˣǷڹĴıϣȫоӣһ̼䣬γһɿ񳱣һɾ¿񳱣ϵµʿ壬ҲԲһ¡
˿̣ȵʱеľˣΪǹģҲеľ˲ŷӦԭǳ׳֮ڣڵ׳ҲһС㣬ȳӣصһ񣬲һڵľӡ
ǣڳľ֪Լڵľӣ׳˵ǰѽңʲôʦʲôţ˰࣬ôһ£׳һĵһ׳ڿڿ˵Լһ
Щ˲֪ǣھӣڵľӣʮǰڵľӣ
Ǹʱ򣬹Ѿǰ೤ˣΪޱȣӢУһͬޱȵʿӢ۵£Ϊһ֧רΪҳĸӣͺñүڿսеĸӰ㡣
Ӣ۵ۣʱѾû˿ԥȫȫ˳εε˹ֵ·ϡ
һĻ˾ŵĳ棬⵽׷ʲô£λ׳ôˣ
ЦһһѪˣô֮²Żᣬ㣬Ҫ룬ƨɶĵ
˵ҲˣҲˣΪڣܶ飬㵽ĵʱ򶼲ģرǵô档
񣬹ֿˣˣǱž񣬱ʹ޵֣
׳ˣеľҲҶһ£һڵȴţᷢʲô£
˼ɵ۵ĿŸףԼ׳ҲǾˣǣڳľУΨһˣûûо񣬲Ϊ˼ûһ˵ӣ෴Ⱥܶ˶й֮޲Լˡ
ǣ⺰֮ˣȻԼĸף˼׸ղžվԼĸ׸׳֮䣬ǿΪΪһԼĸһϵġڣ֣һҲûԥ˵ʲôݵˣҪôǰŻˣ
˼׵ڿٵתţһǳľˣھӸη飬Ҳǳ˽⣬֪ڣ˾ļλݵϽλ֮⣬Ͳˣùˣ
ѵ˵Լĸףʶ׳ңϵǱѰ
˼ʵڲ룬룬ȴҪˡ
ʵһĻϤʮ궼δǵһԼĶУԼǰڣΣԲǣ⣬ʵĴڣǾʵʵ
ֵ˫ۣĿǰӢۣλԼһУΪ֮һλ֪ٴΣȹԼ硣
硣
̲סˣ˳
Ӣ۵ı飬û˿ת䣬ҲӲܱ䣬ΪֻҪı֣ľԼҾ˿ȡ
ˣ
Ӣ۴ʵ
档
ִش
ˣУ

ˣԱңˣ
оַ£ƣش
ѽʲôһУԼĹңԼͬñһһС
ǣ⼸㣬ʮ㶼𣿡
ʱһѽ⼸㣬Լһ㣬ʮǰҲˣЩأԼʲô
ֵͷ΢΢µףȫȥӢһŭҰͷ̧
ֵһ̧ͷȴǷǳھεģǰλԭʮǰѾս硣
ҲΪʲôʲôǰôܻţţΪʲôʮ궼ϵԼڣ֪磬ԼԼЩûһ˸һС
磬ҡ
е𣿡
仰ʮǰӢ˵ܶΣȫʱֻ˽£硱ǹֽеģھӦôƺӢۣ
׳ҴˣԸһгͷϾ·ͥ
׳ͷϾ·ͥ
һ̣ˣȫɵˣֳǰλȳӣλʲôš׳ɣүأҪ棬˼ңҲ̫˵ɣ
˼׶ԼĶӣԼ׳Լĸ׽ʲô׳ԼĸףԼ׳׳ûиԼ׳׳ĿǰλУֻһλѽǾλԵĳŮλϵһԪײõϯѽ
ôڣǸ⵽ôһ£
ӢûȥԼŮԹ˵֣Ϊͳ˧Ͳϲ˵ıΪЩӵһѣѹգõ
һ⻰Ҳǽпѽ˵ҵѽ˵ЩСҸͲ֪ѽ
ֲὫеĻ˵ڣ˵ǣһǣвκεɸɡ
׳ģһͣܺеıǡ
ǣѽǣԼǸʲôԼ̫ʣʣӢλ磬֪磬ʮ꣬ȥʲôطΪʲôˣΪսˣڣΪʲô˹
ڹʣֲôʱͻأ󣬴һ
Žǰλոմ˺ܶˣѾ˷ΪǲǸʲôùĳ嶯
ʲô̫үôҲˣңô
㣿
仰Ӣ۸Ůͬʱʳġ
ӷѣӰг֣ҲҪڰпϷˣһճӷļƻڽš
ֵӣô
ȲҪҡȸҽλŮץ
ʲôӣ
˵Ļû𣿡
ǡ
˼һת뵽ʲôƣʵƤһģ
Ӧ˵Ǹһġ£ҵʹôŮ
㣬㡭
ӢʵΪʲôҪ
Ϊʲô֪ᣬһǿʳᣬûʵûǿƺ̨ĻǾֻװӣûʸү
ѿһ۳ӷ磬˵òôѽ˼ҶѾˣ㻹ǲеˡ
ӷȴģӢ˹ëѽԼңͷһա
λӢǰɣ
ӷһЦʵ
Ӣûлشȥӷ˫ϬдżΪյҲ룬ãôôӣ
ӢۣôˣҲŮҲзݣҽ֤ģϸ첲ȣҲƽϣŮҲŹ
λӣ£Ҫ̫ˡӢ۵
֣ٹ֣Ҳĳ
ʵںеⶼûʣӷȴһסҪ֪ǰλ׾˾ѽô
ӷɲϻ˵ڸѡ񣬵һԹԵʲôҪҪ֣Ϊ㶯֣Ҳᶯ֣ˣҪ㣬ֻգۼ顣ڶҿԲŮԵʲô¶û԰ڶˣҲû뿪
ӷ˶٣㣬ǲǾԼҵˣ
ӷ⻰ѾˣԼݣ˾ˡ෴㲻ϵĻǽ£еˡ
ӢѾ˳ӷɱ⣬ôҲ޷ȥСӣôͻȻ¶˵׹⣬Լ꣬й֮޲ѽ
ңԼ
˵ЩϻҸӲϻֻҪشҵ⣬㣬ǲǾԼҵˣ
˼Ա㶵һҲԼңһôĴڣ˼ھӣ᲻֪
үӢһĿǰȫΨһһλԪ˧̸֣ڵ˲֪һʮϵˣ˲֪˲ġңֱλҲԼҵңйһεŮϯѽ
Ӣ񽥽ջأӷҪԼŮڵѾŭˣЦһ˵ã˸öӡ
֮ǰ˵ôôһӣνġôһӡǼյģڣӢһ֮ǰ뷨ǰСӣ浱˲ѽ
һ£˵Ĵ˭ǲԣ죿
ԣ죿˼һǿЦİɣԽ죬ϯԼ׵ãǣԼĸǡ
Ӣ̾˿εԭΪκһˣû뵽¹ʮ꣬Ͼɻô꣬գˣ
ӷ粻ģ˵ҵ⣬㻹ûش𡣡
Ӣȴûлش𣬻ʵʲô֣ӷ粻ЭԲЭ첻شҵ⣬첻ݣҾ͸û꣡
ȴʱ£ӷش磬гӷ磬ĴϯĶӡ
ӷ磿ճǲö룬ۣӦþҵĴ÷˰ɣ
⻰˵ڣӷ绹ʸƨѽ÷ⲻǳԼ
ɳӷȴûʱϣȻתһ˫׺ݵ۾ŻڵϵİƤӣٶ֮Ѿӹֵϣǹ˹
Ļ쵰ԼҵҲҶһǹ㡣
ĵȹֹ顱һӷ翪ǹˣλƤӵüġ
ƤӶ㲻״Сôûˡ
ȿŵڵϣѪصİƤӣһɵۡ
ǰǲ˲ȵףûʵˣ죬ӷˣעС
⣬⡭
顣
ס˵ҳӷ磬ɱǵġ
飬飬顭
ǹƤӵˣȫӷǹˡ
ɱǣԼźڣɱǣ֮ڣôͰɡ


930 ߣޱȺ
˭Ҳ벻ӷ濴һֶΣȴ˺ݶ̼ɱˣûаԥ
ʮͳ۳ɳӢ۶ɱ¾İǳϤ½ٶ࣬Ҳգһ۾ΪСսӲпᣬӿ¡
Ӣۿʮӷǿǹɱ˵ʱϾȻһ㲨ûУֵʮֵɣͺñʲôûһ
Ҫ֪˵ɱˣɱֻɱֻЩ˵µһ̣ٶգһ۾һǱʶǱʶĴڣЩԼ֪
ɽ죬ӷɱ˵ʱ򣬱˵գۣ˿˿ĲûУԣɱˣͺǳԿڷǰļ򵥣һҲںһҲϡ
ڳӷˣӢǰδȴ֪˵Ǽˣǳǧˣӷ˵ɱɱˣ£Բ˿ԥ
˵ҵˣڲͬһžǼۡ쿴Źǲѽӳӷ֮ǰΪڵı֣˵ǳûš
ʵӢ۸Ͳʶۣ涼ûмΪڳ۸Խʱ˵ǸʶʱԼ˧ѾѪ߽սˡ
ӢʮǰȴŹ۵ĴǸʱŵģǳ۶ôôǿ󣬶ǳ۵Ű裬һһͷβӵܡ
ڵ꣬ĹӸ磬Ϻĳ۷ΪһŲļһҲɲ˴ԼֵܿȴȻΪʮǰĳûһ汾µĻǾҵĲٴ󣬳ԶɽͣεİɱҲǱסԼġƫƫһ˵ӵܣȴߵŵģûܶһë˵ʲô˵Щ۷ĹӸ磬ȫЩ۸ֵ׵ķ
˳ӷճ֮Ӣ۵һʱ뵽ˣʮǰϺǸۣʮǰϺ֮⣬ӦûڶճԼĴˡӢҲ뵽ʮǰĳۣһֱֱ̣֮ŽԼչǰģԼĸүӣҲܽŮ޸ѽ
ȻӢ۲֪ʮǰǳķ粨ΪǸʱӢأ˼׵ҲΪ˲֪ԼʱϣʱӢ۸ŮסĵطصıԵ˵飬ʲô绰ţͳͳûУ
һãһ÷ӢѾǵڳԼݣ
ӷ罫ƤЩȫɱ⣬Ҳ͵ӢСˡ
ֻڣ˼׶ûзӦҲ֪⵽ôһ¡
ڸ׵飬˼ײûʹģȫǼٵģڿԼĸףƭԼʮѽ
˼ҲԼĸףΪƭԼһɣʣʣˣҲͻṳ׵¡
ӷ罫ǹ˹֣ͷ亹⣬Լôճѽ
ȹֶ룬Ӣ۽һʹĹֵɫ䣬磬ȡ
ӹָϹڣӢһҲûжԹģһԭⲻԼҾӲҪ˵ʲôıĻµĲпᣬʹλյľ񣬲ࡣ
ڣһӢ۵ȾȻ
ʵ̲סʵ磬ôˣ
ӢʱЦĹֵļ˵ʮǰľˡ
ʮǰľˣѵһսɵѵΪΪս
Բܣ粻ųܵصĴҲԱģӲΪսɳѪ߽
һսʲô£
ֵһ˵ʣԼ˧ԼʱǰߵսʿȻȫûһҲûŻ˴飬뷽棬ȴһ鲻ڵսϣһʬ嶼ûУ˵ʬûУҾʬ壬Ҳһ㶼ҲҲΪˣʮǰظ½սűΪģ񣬶ظ½ĻţҲκδ𰸡
ڣӢۻˣԼҾȻϣǲζţʮǰظ½ս֮ԣϾҪˮˡ
˵ʮǰսĹڰֽţôԼңйӣݵģƱΪսӢۣʿֻһ
ڣӢ۵ı飬ȻЩʧ䣬ҲǻʮǰƵģ˫۾Եе㾪š
ԼҾҲййϵľʲô£ǻŵģ
ӷѾ뵽飬һ򵥣ҲһСǵʱԼֵܳܵأҲΪˣŻȫû
Сˡ
ӷߵӢǰ
һСˣӢһθоʮδе飬죬飬ֻˣӢʶҪǰúÿԼ
ǣӢ۸߳һ˻ȥ
͵ҡͷּûʸԼûʸľ˾ˣ
ӷ֪Ҳ׼˵Сˣ֪ʱʮǰͬˣ£ҲʮǰͬˡȻҲ֪ʮǰ׷ʲô£ȴУһɵĳޣһҪȵ˵ѪԵ˵⣬޲ýʬεĳޡ֮𣬿νǳߣ˵ĺޣνǺޱȺѵͲ뱨𣿡
ӷ˵֣Ӣŭһα˳Ϻݺ˵ԣûҪʮĳޣɱ֮ս֮һҪ
Ӣͣһ£˵ǣô˭֪
ʲô˭֪ôܣ
ӷʮֵ⣬ʮǰ飬ǿҵȤ
СˣֻҪݣһؾ⹫ţĳ𣬾ҵĳҿԵŹŽ棬㱣֤Էһ壬ҶҪȫҼȮԷһ֯Ҷ֯壻ԷһңҶѪϴǵɱֵܣսѣҾҪʮϵѮ䣬µճӤһҲŹ
˿̵Ӣٿӷ磬ͬħ㡣
ѽСӸղŵֶ˵˵ĳһĵ
ãС㡣ԩͷծС˵ĳСҪԼ
ӷͷס
ɱ˲ͷأԷɱģԼӡӷԲսʿ𣬵Լ˾ˣΨһҴС˵ĳ𣬳ӷһܰݡ
˭ͬٸԽ͢ȴڣҳӷҪ㣬ڣİ
Ӣ˵ӷ磬֣ǸҴȥ㶫
㶫
Ӣ飬ӣʮǰ飬˭һûУ෴ʮ꣬ҲΪģǽɡ
µˣʮţ»һ죬ﻹʻģ붼ҹɣ


931 
Ӣ۸Ůסĵطӷʱһطס
Ͳ˵Ǹңֱһվ棬˲ͬ棬ֻƾɵķ䣬ûУֺһѾĹWCǽ϶̦кܶ಻ͬĳȥ
Ӣ۸Ůסĵطӷʮڹ¶Ժʵ̫ҸˣͬʱӷҲѾ̵ᵽһôĳޣһô̬õԼҾز
ָѵ˫ķǳ󣬵վʱͬһʱŵһ˶ĵùζҲʹĹֵ˫һ죬ЩԼϾŸͲ˹ŮԼϾԼȴȫȻ֪һ٣ڹΪһ־Ե
磬ΪʲôΪʲô㲻ң֪Ͼģ
˵ҲѾںùζˣֵطô꣬ѵԼһµû
Ӣ۽ЦЦǸŮѾϰֶĵùζ
ʵ˼ױתתϾ֮ƾŬʣҽÿҲ׬ǧԭȫһĵطסģǣӢȴܾˣҪסﲻɣ˼ֲøһסҲסһסôꡣ
Ϊֹ˼ײЩףԭԼĸײ뿪ǲ뿪ΪԼĸףҪʱ̽סĴʱ̶Ƿݴ
ӣǿǾӣһظ½֧֧ɵԼҽ˧죬һôôʹ·ȫûģ
˼ڲҹڵѯʣԼ׵ݣ˼ڶȥʣһУǵԼĸ׿ڸԼɣ
Ӣ۵ķ˵Ǽ䷿ɣӷ̾˿˵СˣЩ꣬ˣ
ӷ粢뽫ԼСӢۣΪӢ۸ŮӷҲ˼˵ڣ٣Сĳӷ磬иĵطסһͲ٣ڿӢ۸Ů
Ӣ۹һЦĳӷļ˵һУܹκˣҪֻ֣ܹԼ
ӷҲ˵ʲôʮǰδˮ֮ǰ˵ʲôǰ˵
Ӣ۴һƾɵĴ£óһӣһСľУҽСľУݸ˳ӷ磬˵ӷ磬ڵ飬Ҳ棬ʲôֻʮҶܴӣӲӲ½Ķˡ
ӷӹӣӲǺأȥľ֮⣬ĶҲûʲô
̴ľģ濴ûʲôرҲΪ̴ľĹϵû˿ĳ棬ӦǴʲôѹѹ֮£޷򿪵ģǽӸٵǴ򲻿ġ
˼׵ѹǲ˵ںһر壿
û͸緹һˣʹһȽͷų緹Ǵ򲻿ģҪǿд򿪵ĻǾͻը
ǣⶫȻʮǰĶʮǰôܽһľʮĿƼˮƽ
˼˵ûʮǰе緹ûУȻˣּʮǰôģ٣й
ӷ磬Ҫôڱ֤Ķ˺ĽӴ򿪣
ܼ򵥣ںһС׾ˡ
˵ţӷγһ֧ϸ룬ںһСס
ֻһ˻Ӻڴ֮һС壬Сð˳
˼򵥵飬Ӣȴʮδ뵽ߣ뵽˴򿪺ӵķȴȥԡ
ڣͲӢֹӷѾӴ򿪿
˵˫ۣȫ˺棬Ķⶫпܣ⿪ʮǰ·ȫû֮գ
˵ֽͼֽѣ
ûװģǼֽϾɵֽš
ӷ罫ֽó󣬷ֹʮֽÿһֽϣж
˼׵һ˵Ӣģ
ֽд֣Ǻ֣ӢģӢ֮⣬һЩͼ
ӢŭһӢ
ЩӢд˵д
ʵӣ˼˵ʮǰ飬йأ
ܿ϶ȿ˵
ӷٵĿʮֽдݣЩͼԽӷɫԽѿ
ֽϵĶӢۿҲѸ˼ףǿеȥĸо
ʵӷ磬涼дЩʲôЩʲôõģ
ӷֽе㶶Ǻ£һߣִе㲻˼ĸо
죡죿
˶ųӷ磬ʲô죬ʲôѽ
죡
ųӷ⻰Ӣۼȫһ
죬ЩֽдĶһЩѵˣ
ʵӣǲЩ˵е죿
Ƚˣǿ󣬸ӿ£
ǵʲô
ĿǰҲܿ϶ΪЩдģֻһЩĳ򣡡
ӷ翴һֽ棬һӡ£ӡ£ӷɾͲʶˣ
ӡ£Ӧò߾ģӦǸ˽ӡ¡
ϸһؼӡ£Уⷽϡ
ؼ壿
û
ⲻܣʮǰ·ȫûؼ˵ǸûǵڿԿ϶ǣʮǰ£һؼйϵ֮£㲻ؼĽҲӦǽ֮ˡ
ʵӷѾ뵽ʲôֽϵЩͼҪˣҲһˣΪͼȫӷҲ޷°ٷ֮ٵĿ϶
ؼıһ羪ǹҲʮǰ·
綼ϣжǿȫ綼ģ𰸣֮


932 ʮج
Ӣ۾ȻִӴóһӣһȽϴĺӣ֮󣬺װŵĶ˼״⡣
ǹ񵯣кü־
Щĳ֣ӷȻµӢҪʲô
СˣȲҪ嶯
ӷ磬˾˵Ļϰ͵ȥҪɱȺ˸ӣΪλ˾ˣеսֵܱ𡣡
סӢۣ˵磬ǧǱҿؼֵ֮ףܹȥ˼ҵ涼ûѾʬͷˣ
˵ûйĻӢҪɱʲôˣ־ˣҲӢǰȥģϾʮǰս̫أ·УԼֵ֮⣬Ҳսֵ档Ȼ֪ʮǰؼйأǹҲнĳ嶯ɳ嶯ȴʱ򱬷
ҵ귢ģ֮꣬һҪ޷ĻĻʸԼ
СˣҪҲġ֪ؼ壬ʮǰϣֻǱ˵Ӱˣû̼ҹ·ԣҪģ侲Ȼ󣬽ʮǰ飬ǰ飬һһʮĸңֻҲ취㱨𡣡
ڣʮǰ׷ʲô¶֪ʣҪôѽңԳӷĹƣؼıһһɼΪӴӴп֮һҲֻͬٸԽ͢ǰĳڣһ·
ӷҲԲţģԷû˿ˣϾ·䶼ͨľˣڻ棬ս¶ԷƣҲڵȫûѽǿ·ѽ
Ӣ΢΢侲ӷ˵ûʮ궼ˣѵôʱ仹Ȳ𣬼ȻԼѾ֣Ҳûʲô˼ˡ
̾˿Ӣ˵ʮǰҹΪѵһʱ䣬ҲйȹΪѵһʱ䡣Ǹʱ򣬲ҹľã棬𲽵Ľ׶Σ쵼ˣ뾡һа취ҪȶҸ壬֮ǾõķչɾǸʱظ½ͻȻ˿ʧٵ¼ԭ˵˿ʧٲʲô£ֻҪץ飬ҳȫǹ˾Ͳ̫Ӱ졣˭Ҳû뵽ʱصطϵԱе飬һȥ޻أԽԽʧٵ˿ԽԽ࣬ظ½˫ǿҪ֮£뷽ɳרԱȥص˿ʧ֮£ģȥˣʧٶˣûһܻصģû֪˿ʧٰô¡
һСС˿ʧٰȻǣ룬ɳ·ǰУиıʡ
Ӣ˵飬û˵ϣ˵ʱ׳ԣȲ˿ʧٱʹʲôˣǾȻרԱҶڵʱǸʱͷǳˣǣȥصԱԽԽ࣬ʧٵԱҲԽԽࡣʵǳܲס˵Ĵɳһ֧ǰ飬һΣǰľӾͲʧˣһҹ֮䣬ȫˡ
⣬ӷɫ΢䣬˵һҹ֮䣬һ֧ӣȫɱ
ûһȫɱ
˼Ŵͣ˵һԼһٶʮңȻһҹ֮ȫɱˣԷ𣡡
ǲʱ벻֪ȻԷһҹ֮նɱһǾζţһսչҲΪˣί´Ҵ磬磬Ҳ˾˹˧ǰ½ƽҡҾ͸ĸ绹磬ǰأЩ쵰ȫ⣬ʮǰս򣡡
˵⣬Ӣַ·صʮǰ㣬ֺһμֵܣսڵ˵°㣬˫ۣ¶˾Ÿɺ֮ɫ
·ôȫûģʵ£ʮǰ֪ɵڣһͷûС
Ӣ˱۾˵ѽ·ôȫûģڣҶ֪
ѡһ˵壬˵ʲô㲻֪
֪ȫ֪ΪʱҹҸ˯ոе˯ʱ򣬾߳⣬뿴ʲôʱȴϣϡ
ӢǼħԼǰһԵľ֮⣬пʼ£ɳӷ翴ĳӢۺµģӦòЩˣ
ʬ壬ֵܵʬ壬սѵʬ壬˵ʬ壬ȫȫչҵǰǣѾսˣһ׳ʱǰֵܣǰսѣеʿͲˣǣǱ˵㡭ɱ
ӷɫҲԽԽѿǧľӣ̼䱻𣬿ЦİɣԼڵҲ첻ѽǡҾӢܰ쵽ǰ㣡
Ӣ˵ӷԽԽţ飬һһйأҲֻЩȻĴڣܰ쵽ǵ㣬ȴĽսǡɱ̼䣬ɱ·
ʵ磬㵱ʱôӳȥģ
ңҵʱһĻʱѾסˣ֪󡭡
⣬Ӣ۽ȫֻϣϰٵ˺ۣȫ˺ۡ
ӢһˣѾҪʣ룬ʱӢ۶ûļӦѾߵıԵǣ첻ӢۣڵΪˣ뿪֮Ӣۣⳡɱɱ
ǸʱӢȴ
ȻҴѲ֮Ѿһʬˣеʬ壬ȫʧˣһѪû¡ʱҷˣҳ׷ˣܣĿĵܣ˾ҧ˾ʹ򣬼˾ɱұһͷβķӣֱ˼׵ĸȣһԵСɽˣ־΢ָ
ʲô飬ҲҪӢ۶˵ˣӷ缸ˣѾܲĵ
˼Ѿᣬû뵽ԼĸףȻ˲ʹľǿ˺üӶ޷Ĳʹѽ
һجΣһԶ޷جΡʱתңѾûؾҸˣûȫӡҲԣΪҵֵܣҵսȫˣȴȴǹӲдĻҵʱֲԼΪֵ֪ܸսѵѪֻңΪǱӣ˼׳ҵھʮŴλصʱֵܸսѱɱĵطзֵģͱڡҲţ½Ҳͬ飬ԼңӴ˾˵ôȴûĻ쵰
˵ѣѾᣬ˵˼׸ˣ
ֵܹȪӢ۹Ӳд壬֪㵱ʱжѹ㣬ĺÿ࣡
ҺΣεȴԼ
õĽֻҪˣһеһУȫȻ֪ˡһ˵ųΪֻмǿĻӢۣ


933 ؾ
ӷ⣬һЩɱĽʿʬ壬ʲôطȥˣǲǱ˸ˣսҲʮָɾ
ɰӢ˵ʱصʬ壬ûһŵģҲ˵ڵ˿ûһڣӢۣҲΪˡɼȻӢˣΪʲôӢ۵ʬߣƫƫһˣǲǺ֣
ڶ⣬Ҳؼ屳󵽵ķΪʲôҪôʬߣôߵģôĿģ
ľĶӷܽһ㣬ǾǣЩɱľˣʿʬ壬ȫЩļһȥоȥˡ
һ£·ǧʬ壬ȻҪЩʬоǾͲйһĹңôʬ壬ԷĸƻǷѾɹˣĳɹˣΪʲôڣûи˵ĳ֣
ӷ罫ϼȫһ飬Ϊ벻ͨģΪʲôЩһǱΪѾ˵Ӣۣ
ճ˵Ҫ죬ǷⷽģȻЩ彡׳֮ˣڵǰصĴ֮УӢۣȻ׵֮ѡЩһȴӢ⸱壬ѡ壬᲻óӷ롣
һвҪΪҪǣ뾡һа취ؼ屳󵽵һңؼ壬ҲҪǳӷǰĵһĿꡣϿؼͬʱֵ죬Ƽҵһֱûֹͣӷ統ʱҲӦֻ̣ȹһȶԼͻǰƼһ֮
ڣʱѾˣ㲻ΪƼңΪԼԼңӷҲŹؼġ
ʵ⻹һ£ǳӷĿǰ֪ģǾǣӷ壬ڱүӸϳ֮󣬾ѾͶ˿ؼ壬ǵĿģɱӷ̳ˣΪǵĶӱ
ڴ˿̣ӷֻһʾǴشģⲻö룬ȻĽĵ绰
绰ȳӷ˵ĽǱѾǲˬӷ磬ûĵļһΪ㣬ұˣ㵹ãôˣȻ绰ûС
ӷѽСȥغԼİɣҵʱǷԵģôֵֹͷˡ
ӷ̾˿֮ķŭɱѾȫʧЦ˵ѽܲ˵£
ȸң㵽ڸʲôҪҲʮǰ飬¿붼鲻ģҲ̫˰ɣ
ӷҲҪˣֱӽĽ顣
ĽһԼӾȻϣһʵ˵ģλ˵еԼ滹ţ
ǵȻģھߡ
ҪҲ飬ҲǸйأ
⻹˵СѽӦòʲôû鵽ɣ
Ľ˵绰ҺҾԴżţ˵սϣȵʱʲôû֣ҺüεĲңڵߣ˷֡
˵ʲô
ʬ壬һǳر𣬻˵ǳֵʬ塣
ʲô˼ʲôرֵʬ壿
ӷ˵⻰ʱӢǼȫ˶䣬ӣλӣͿʼˣ
ӢڻʱȻֵľֺ£һµȻƽ
ĹǸ˵ʬ壬Ӧòģֺʬ塣
ܲ˵һ㣿
˵ףҼʬʱ򣬶һҵļҲԼ۾Ϊֵʲôʬأ
ӷȻţǣĽ˵ʬ壬ڳӷӢ飬ľĶ֮Ϊпܣ֮ʬ塣ֻʱЩһﲢûгɹĽͲκηˡ
飬ϽǾʬ˻ؾǣҲ֮ڣϻؾǵġס£ǧ֪
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ϵҰ֣һܷɻȥؽ㡣ǱҪһʱ䣬ԣһصǣڼ䣬˭ܽӴǾʬ壬һϢ©뾡һа취֪£Ҳˣȫ
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˵绰󣬳ӷӢ˵Сˣµܿ죬ͻˮʯˣĳˣҲʽˮ档
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ӢۿһԼŮȻ̾˿˵ȻѾһҲô˼ȥүү̣Ҳмùˣ
֣ǣҪȥģ
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ĳǶ˼׾ǵڶӷ磬һݸҡһ䣬ΪԺյԼҴС㣬ԴС㡣
һźӢģһŮǶӣҲ˵ԼҵǳӷΪף㣬Ѿ޷ıˡ


934 
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ճӷԸ˵ɻ𳵣ڻ𳵵Ļڵ쵽ﾩǣӢ۵Ҳ㣬֮£ֻɻˡ
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Ȼʮǰ飬ӷҲѾ˶Բߣ˵ǱȽϹѪĶԲߣĿǰҲֻˡ
ӢۻؾϢ󣬳ӷֱӸЩˣʵʮǰһսӢ۲ûսֻ˺صˣʧʮ꣬ǰ죬Żָ䣬ֱӷˡ
˵˵ǣǿһ㣬Ҳ̫ѯʡ
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Ͼǵİ༶ϣ˼˶ڣҲܹ
СΪûүүụ̂û⹫ҲûšͻȻðһүүһ̣ĸùãЩˣȫйĴڣʣ˼᲻ţ㣬ӷҲģȻ˼ڵ
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ӷھѾпϷ֮ˣҲþûţүˣλؾ꣬ͺúõĿϷɡ
ֹסСӢȴɵתͷһ٣һ΢΢һЦ
Сˣʶ
Ӣҡҡͷ˵ʶӦúܿͻʶˡ


935 ſڵϰ
ԼҿڣүһˮͲˮͲѾüʮˣղξʱʹߣҲû
ΪүԭڼǰѾˣɽ죬Ҳ֪ǹãеŮΪӷڵүж룬·ն̵ġôүӼȻ֧ڣȻ뵽ºᷢʲô£ҲѾһ׼
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Ϸһճõ㣬ϣҲѾڷź˼С˸ƣȴŮǻԲһүһڳˮ̣ʲôҲԼæϷ˺ǲˬ
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ǰҲڸձʱֶйȵʱȫܵϾȥˣϾҲҪҵ֮һܵˡ
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үӿЦһ£ԶǸѽԼ˴뱲ӵӣθµӣЩ飬֪Ҳ࣡
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ѹ궼ҪҼбľУǼңҲСͷӣҿɸ㣬Ƕɵ˹ɲҪӷһſڣûţͷʲô顣
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Խϱ˵ĳۣģӸϱˣ㵹ã˵ʲôǱ߻еû꣬û취ˣڣЩڼſڵԼĶӣ׵ģȴǽ࣬һһθжûУ
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ӣȻѾͷ˲Լ۾ϵѽѽⲻĵӰɣôһ˵Ͳˣ


936 ݼĸ
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ʵڹǿѽԼȥǰ˸һҪģ仰һȫβ͹ˣ̵ģѵϰֵ𣬵Ȼǣǹǡ
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ελأӢ۶мԼĸĸԼļˣΣӢ۶صǣԼĸĸԼļˣǣʮ޷ԼһأԼûϸĸûԼĸá
Ҫ֪ڵ꣬ԼֵĸõĿУǿɲǸô򵥣ǹҵӢۣӢۣʣԼսϵ鱻ĸ֪ˣĸûô룬᲻ῪʼԼ磿
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һʱ䣬Լ֮⣬װʱ䣬Ҳ·ڴ˿ȫֹͣΧĿҲû˿
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ӢһһүӼ߹ۿеˮѾܿƵĵӢ۵ˮɳϣҲ֣ɳϳֵģֻѪ
ˡһӢүӸϷǰ룬ȴźüԶ
Ӣ۹ڵϣǲмȣģģүӸϷֱƵүӸϷ˵ǰӢ۵ĶͷѾ׿˵ϣʹŲ
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937 ǰն
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ԸĸԼδκεТøĸΪԼô꣡
ΪԼжûеԼҵĵӣԼĸӴô꣡
Լﲻ⣡
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ӳӷĿеõȷϷ֣Ӣ
ʮˣԼˣӣҲѾˣǣǡΪʲôΪʲô⵽ô£
ӷһ˵⹫ţ裬λ衣ʮǰһսС˲ûţʵʵĻšǰλʮǰԼҾӢۡ
ô£⵽ô£ӢۣӢۡӢۣûϣǣΪʲôΪʲôʮˣȴһϢûУ
үӵĺ΢һ£ԼСûǲ˵ԼӣҲȫϣʮǰЩսʿкܶ࣬ϣ
ˣܶʱ򣬼һ˼飬ͻܶ෽룬һ֣ϣԽʧԽ
Ӣ治֪˵ʲôԼûףβǳӷ磬Ҳûصǡ
ϷʮּҵĶӣûˣ⣬ʵүԼѽӣúơ
Ϸ˽ӷĸӶһ̣һΪ˵ĸоʧãΪĸ׵ģ᲻͸ǰԽһΪѾˣֵ֪ţһԼǰָоûĸ׵ģֻ˵ĸףȴû˾Ůˣоġ
裬ӻţӣ˼ˡ
Ӣ۽ıסĸףĸԶΰģΪӵȴʮûТԼĸףӢǳ
үһֽϷ˸˹һĻ˶һ
ԭ˵ʧãһôֵңĵѽүڵı飬ȴѾ˷츲صĸı䡣
Ӣۣ㣬أսأֵأ
Ӣ۵˵ͷε֣Բҹȫӣȫλ磬еսѣеֵܣʮǰȫˣ
ž
Ӣۻ䣬ͻأ˭ҲûӦүһ⣬ʧõĶϡ
쵰
үһŭӵһηת䡣
ˣսѣֵȫˣΪʲôţ
ͨĸ˵İοӾڻˣңͨˣһԪ˧ͳȫӣѪսԼݣŹң񣬱ƬĴء
û뵽ʮǰһս˶ˣԼĶӣȴ¸ʮƽĻˣζʲôүӣֻô롣
֣ңҲĶӣҡ
㣬㣬ôȥΪʲôûΪʲôţΪʲôΪʲô˶ˣһ˻ţ㻹𣿡
үӴŭŭ죬ΪˣԼĶӣȴû˵үӻ֪ʮǰ׷ʲô£ԣһսУ˶ˣȴǹӲдĻˣүӶȫսҲ뿴һӲдĶӣԼԺôȥȫӣȫ񣬾ԼˣµȪʲôȥʮǰЩսʿ
үȻת嵽һǰǾеľǹ˹ٿٳ嵽ӢǰǹڣֱָӢ۵ͷһǹ㡣
һĻǳӷ벻ġΪԼС˸ˣүӾϲ⣬ԼƭѹǮû뵽ѹǮû֣үӾҪǹɱˣɱģӣ
˼ʱɼˣǰһүǰ˫ֽץסǹͷ׳ҪɱҰ֣⼸ʮǰѾˡ
үһŻ֣ɫˣϷˣԽãҲһɫ԰ף
⣬ѾͷŮүʵ
Ӣ۵˵ͷû˵Ҳ˵

үӷһЦһЦóӷˣиڣүһġ
ȴϣүӾȻһŽӢ߿ŭ֮ǰˡ
ѽӢֵۡܣսѣȫˣȴţҲˣȻȢףӣ㣬㡭
⣡
ӷʧһУû뵽ⷽ档
ھ˵رսϵľˣԼսֵȫˣΪӢȴţңһôŮүӻ˽֮£ô룬һãԼĶӣǵӱֵսѵԼңʮ꣡
£鷳ˣϷ˸ԽĽãүӵŮ˵һ仰
񲻸˵ԼӢһȴҲġû뵽Ȼôӣ㣬Щֵܡսѣǵļˣȫӣȫ񡣽첻ɱ㣬޷Щʿǵļ˽
һۣүһݣûƬ̵ԥӲϷֱֹӿ۶ֻһӵǹ˳
Աߵĳӷ󾪣û뵽ү˵ǹͿǹѽԲЩʿԲЩʿļˣ٣Ҳ굽׷ʲôѽʲôʣһζĶӣ˵Ϊ˵ԣȴǵľ
ӷò׽С˸˾ǣûʮǰˮʯүӾС˸ԩˣ
ӰһӵδӢ۵ţӢѾڵˣӷӰ֮죬̼䣬һֻѾ쵽Ӣ۵ǰֱָӽӵסˡ
һһ˭Ҳû뵽үӻĿǹû뵽ӷȻԿֽסӵһĻѽ
ӷ磬ʲô
ӷ罫ӵԱһ˵⹫ҪǰնӣҪȽʮǰɡС˵ĴҪɱҾֹ
Ϸųһ亹ڱӷһ˵סүӣֵͷӣˣǵĶѽʲôӷ˵ǲҪȰ¶дҲӦýίãھ·ͥϣܶûȨ˽̡
ӷһԽ죬裬˵仰ѽ
Խ쵽ڲŷӦѽ˵˭ԶӢ۵Խʸģϯί
֣˵ûûȨ˽̣磬дҲӦýҴãƾʲôǹˣҽ׳ǹߡ
ǰүһ˵׳뽻ǹ
үӺǷŭֱӽǹ˵ϣ˵ãһǰɣϹͷ뿴ô


938 Щ꣬
ò˵Լҵ꣬ʮֵƣƲ˶Ѿ׼ˣ͵Ůǻû뵽ŮǶˣһԭʮǰӦΪĶӣӣүӿȴΪԼԼҵһݳ裬˵ȫӵһݳ衣
ҲܹүӣվĽǶ˵ԼĶΪˣĽʹЩүҲδ˿ıԹ˵ʲôӶΪ˹ҶսģĻүʮδ˵һ䣬ô£Ҳûһ䡣
˵үǵ㣬ټйٻ˵ǿսʱӢ¼ʮǰԼȥ飬ȫԼһʱүվڰ˱ɽĹǰʱδһᣡΪʲôΪүӸеΪԼӸе
ԼһֱýĶӣСӣȻŻˣҲͻŰɣΪʲôʮ궼ؾһүӿͱһݳ裬ԼԼҵĳ裬йӵĳ衣
ȻԼĶӱ뷨үûжⷽ룬ԼĶôҲԼһ̵ֽģ̰оûһүյģΪʲôԼСӣʮǰսҴΪʲôʮ겻ؼңӱ𣿻ǣûˣ
ΪԼжһǻѪһûʲôǲ˵ģҲүӴСͽ̵ŮΪ˴ĻԭԣӢۣӱܣųûʸԼĶӡ
ԣүӵ뷨Ӣ۵뷨һģҲΪˣүӲź޲ҪǹԼĶӣʧãںںģ˵ְеһиóеΣ
ʱϷ˫ۻˮŶӵѾȳˣϷ˵һʱ뵽һڵһսɵġ
ԽĸҪȥӢۣΪүǷŭǲȥ˼ףηŸ׽ԼҴԺ
ҵһμ⹫ʱ򣬸оǳѽΪʲô죬ᷢôƢ
ӷЦһ£˵ⶼҵʧ󣬺⹫Ϊ˵뷨
ڸô죿ò׽λС⹫ȴҪɱеЩӾѽ
ҿȽСʮǰľ⹫ɣ⹫֪ʮǰһı뷨ġ
ӣȻѾͷӿʼڶû˵һ仰ΪҲǴС˵λ˾˵ͷرǾӢۣû뵽λ˾˾ȻţҲδүӷôƢѾͷ˵
ԽүѾ˷ǰԼûİ׾ƣֱӾͿʼƿӣ飬ƽԽһֹ죬Խûȥֹ
磬ɣʲô£˵һˣʲôᣬܻġ
Ӣ̾˿˵ãδݳ޵ҪԭңЩˡΪģ޷еΣȴҪĸŮе磬Բѽ
Խ˵磬㲻ǶΪλеǰǣǣҲǡ
ԽԽҲο˼䣬ͱԽҪС꣬뵱λʱԼʮ󣬵ʱļ䣬ȴǳ£û˿ǡ
Ϸ˲˲ᣬ˿˼ףʼû˵
Խ֪ĸʲôȻĸײÿڣԼȻҪˡ
Ǿˣ
Խ쿴˼ʵ֮ԿǾˣһΪ֮ǰүӳƵ׳ڶ˼־ԽûκεĻɡ
׳Լǵһ׳˼һ񣬻ش׳Ͼ
Ͼ
ǵģ׳
ˣ
ꡣ
ľУ˶Եģˣܵģǵ쵼ߵЩǱġ
ӷһ裬λ˲ãѾϾУҪҵˡ
ŶѾ˾УǾ׼ˡţҪŬѽ
ǣ׳һġ
ү˼׵ĻشҲǲɵĿѾͷһۣû뵽ϾȻԼһŮһ¹һ£ôӣŮԼѽ
үһ˵ģ󻰵ߣ˻ȥ
Ϸ˵Ժӣɣվš
ϷˣһվŰɡ
Ϸˣ
䡰ϷˡϷ˵
˵ͷӸʲôӻŻֵø˵飬ȴ˵ո׵үү˵ʲô۲˵ĸףڵ㣬γһ
⹫ܶ飬
ңôģ
ӷһ룬Լ˵Ŀһ㣬ǺѹˣҪôأ󣬳ӷһ䣺⹫ҵĻʮǰһҲûϼʮ꣬ɱˡ
⻰ү΢΢һ
ӷһôˣүȻԳӷԸ˵ӢЩ£ûȥɱˣ˵ʲô˵Ӣ۵飬Ƕôıңôıʹôľʹ޷磬Ҫлأ
үӵı΢΢תһ㣬ӷȱڱԼһ仰ˣ̳ʱ򣬽ӢԼһУԼ롢²һУһֲ©˵һ顣
үӵ˳ӷĽһɵۼ۵ĿӢۡ
ܵصĴȻԻӷ˵㻻κһˣҲɱˣĻʮѽǣӢȴǿĻ˵ʲô˵Լж˵ûǾ˸еǷ
ү̲סվߵӢǰһѾͱס˸ղŻҪɱĶӣᣬֱ˳ӣЩ꣬ˣ
仰֣ˣҲͷ
ǣȻʮǰ鲢ǸԼүҲǾԲţŵģܶԷʲôˣʲôɱӣɱôͬѪծһҪ
֣ûãˣеսˣȴ
Щöˡ
˶٣үٷԺٳԡӢۣӷ磬Ǹ
ٷԺٳԣʲôʱԣԣүӵ˼ǲԷˣǣԲǶӻŻĵһԲȱ˵Ѫ֮ٳԡ


939 ʱ̽
үӵ鷿ǳŹŵζûκеĶȫǷǳϾɵġŶģᣬǽϵģϵģүǰսѣģģоǣһȫҸǳϵȫҸԼֵܡ
үһ˵٣ϲӶһСӣԣүӵϣһӢ۵ĵգʽľԼʮ߰ӣǸղξʱյġ
鷿үѾ˼ʮˣĶʹδӢ۽鷿󣬾ͷ·صʱ㣬ǰһУԭⲻ
û뵽ʮûһжԭֻ֣࣡
Ӣ۸ӶջˮڣѾʱˡ
үӿӢ۵ֻȣ̾˿ʵǵɵģ
֣СˣǣսѵѾ̫ˣ̫Сˣ
ѽһʲôֻҪĲУȻԼж
үǰϸϸһʮǰ顣
һҹ֮䣬˶ɱˣ˵ֶΣ˵һҵľܰ쵽ģΪһҵľӣõģԣʮǰ飬һҾ徵İɱһɱеĴɱ
Ȼطˣţ½棬ҲȻˡ
ֻ֪йֻһεϾɱȴ˭Ҳ벻Ͼɱظ½أһɱңɱĻͨգǣ֧ӡ
ӷ磬㿴ĵˣЩʲôˣ
ӷشɶ󡣡
ӷ˵ɶ󣬲ΪһʮǰԲô
˵˵
ʵүӵѾˣ㲻ʳӷ磬ҲܲµԷʲôˡɼȻ˳ӷ磬Ǿȷһ£𣬲ܶùҵľȥֻԳӷȥһ˹ҵľǾͻ൱Ӱ죬ҲүܲסӰ졭ս
ٸԣͱףϣоǣص˹
Ӣ۵Щı仯ٸԽ͢Ȱ׿л԰ϣǸ˵˹壬һصĹȣ
ûʮǰҸ޴ӻɣȻʮǰ飬ʵģΨ巽ĪȻʮǰڣҲ
⼸ʮǰųģΪǶԿԶɽʮǰ־ʮȶɣʮǰ֪ɱ·
ӢЩû뵽Ϊֻעĳϣӷôһ˵ȷһҵĻͲܰ쵽˵һңǵİ˹Ҳǰ첻ɱ·ġ
ôû뵽ǣ
ӷ˵û뵽뵽ˣǹȥˡ˵ˣڣҲ޷϶巽һɵѽѵҪͬʱΪ𣬳ӷϻûǵ
⹫ǱѾ˷֣С˵ķ֣ţҾͿԿ϶һɵˡ
үʵȷ֮ô
ӷ翪ЦѵҲֻظ𣿡
үӿЦһ˵ӷ磬ӦúܶϵҪԹҵȥֻعĻǲһɵģķ粨ʮǰҪ˵䲻ĻҪԹҵֻʮǰĹʲôҲˡ
үô˵վƽȶϣһƽˣ롣
⹫ֻǿЦˣ᲻֪ҪԹҵȥֻܳķпսϾ巽еķ磬ܶңܽӴЩһɲڣһأ֪ȡȻҲǡ
ʲôӷ磬˵Ѿˣǣģ
ϢӢ۴ΪԾΪڵ꣬ڿɾһͬ񻰰Ĵѽû뵽죬ȴԼˡ
Ұˣǰű𣬸պϾսġʱӲ˽磬ͨǲ֪ģºʰ̯ӣͨûκεӰ졣ţ뷽棬ҲѾĹ˼
ү˵ӷ磬뷽㲻ùܣᴦõġ
ӢʵҲ˵ӷ磬Ѿڣ
ҵ֯жѾΪ߹СҲ뷽̫ɻ䡣
үӲ˵飬ܶ£֪ͺˣ˵ڣûʲô˼ˡ
ӷ磬㻹˵˵㵽ʱô˾ˣЩȥľ˱ɣ
⹫⣬ڻش㡣˵ѾڣҵĶﲢûеõϿɣҲ˵ڶʱ֮ڣһ޷ƽƽԣ⹫СˣǱҪͣΪ𣬱Ҫ͵ġҿԴӦǣ˳𣬾ҵĳ𣬾Ҷĳ𣬴˳𲻱Ҷ磬Ҳ޷ռһϯ֮λ
Ӣ˵С㡣С˻ֱ𡣡
Сˣ㻹ǵԺ˵ɡ
Ӣ۵˵ͷȻţǾ;Բỳɡ
ӷ磬С˵ľˣûа취
Ȼû⡣ΪС˵ϵ̫ˣͷѾˣұһνȴϣܡ
ˡ֣ȣΡ
ţ
ΪҪʱʱ̿̽ޣÿһҪסޡ
ȻӢԼԭκãӷҲû취үһҲǿˣӲӢպʲôӰ죬෴ʱ̾Ӣۣʮǰ飬ʮǰһսδĳǶ˵Ǹոտʼ
µһֿʼˣǵĹ¾ʲϣٷⲻǿЦģҰٷʻͰɣֵܽȽĻʻҸٷɣ


940 
ʮԼҾһһϲһŭ¶ȹˣԼˣҲѾ֪ʮǰظ½飬סԼңйʹ˽Ҳ˵ˣȲؼ屳󵽵ķ󣬾͵ųӷѪȵıɣ
ڶǴһйԹĴͳ֮໥İꡣ
ŸԼҵ˶û𴲣ڴԺ⣬Ѿʼˡ
ӵģ֪֪˭Ȼҵӵ·ЩСǲǻĲͷˣ
һŭԼҴԺʹ濴صľˣһҽӻˣΪƿڴ֮ˣǱˣǻư죬үӣүһģлưѸƴţ
ƼһӣһܵԼˣүӽҲ˯𣬿ɻδ㣬֮ģһ𴲾ܵԼˣҪ꣬Ҳʱѽ
˺ΣүϾѾкܶһܹүӻ˭֮ȫſڣһҲýŵģЩ˶Ϊѽ
׳ĺãΪˡ׳׳Ѿ첻κ˽ŵģ
һ˺Ǻ£ǰλ˭ĺܣйУү֮⣬λүˣͽԼܵġңүһͬǰģһλεĻƽ⾩˽֪СһƴС㣬һӣҳɡ
Щڶڽп֪࣬үӽýһˣԼӦøսѻ࣬ɱᱻ
ѽЩСӣǳıӵˣȻ˸˵ȫӹ
׳ǣǡ
һͷãɴ࣬ͱһٰɣҲˣ׳׳´ԼɲΥ
ڴʱ洫һ˵ģ˭Լſںɱģһ¾֪ϼһ
үһ˸תͼүһˣҲѾ˹
ģתǰɣ
˵ϻƣһˣǲҪˣ
ëĻǼһȻӾ֮⣬ɶ˼
ڸͷʹǻүһң˵ԼйܶסڿɺãүһҲ˹ҪԼЩ˵Сѽ
˵λģʲô˺ǿǾͲ졣
һģүһˡ
ѽû뵽Ǳһһô磬ѽ
үһҵĽүһҲˣȥһûĽ顣
λ׳˵׳֣ҾʹСŮҲˡ
ĺü壬ң׼ҵңεܼңؼңپǹкܶ˾ӶߣεĹ쵼ˣ̳ϵĴУеĴУýٺˣȫۼԼҴԺ֮⡣
ſڵľҪȥ¥ĳ嶯˵׳ѽ׳ѽǸŮǽǰߴ̣ɱеĻֵǾǹɱȥˡⳡ棬ɱսµĶѽϾм壬ίдȫˣ˵ǺѽҪסˣһվԽԼЩ˸
治֪Լҽôˣ㶼ģҲòôɣƵģһ磬ȫԼҴԺ⼯ϣ
үҲ˦ˣ˭Ҳ˦ԼǵһģǾҪһȥ˭ҲӾ͸˭
ʲô˭ټһǹ
үӴŭ
ү˵ϻƣǳ˻ҩҼܴѽȻϷһϹͷˣҲ㡣
ҪŪϵӢСӿֵµģȻȽȥˡ
˵ôڶ֪Ǽ٣㼤ʲô
٣һӣһŮ˵ģм١
˵ıȽģ
֪Ƶأ¡
С˵ʲô˵һ飿
ðɣүӾ͵ô˵泳ˣҪˣӵ۵ģúЩСģǳʶˡ
֣СӸӹ
үӴ󺰵
һ࣬˵үӣҸѽλôСĸˣɱѽ
ôүӼȻˣָҲ𣬻ƨƨߵܹһ񣬸׳ʲôָʾ
ָʾͷϽ˵Ӣ۵飬ǲģ
һ࣬Լô˵أ
׳ңҲǸյ밤Ұλ׳ģⲻ˳·׳飬ңҲ֪ѽ
СӣװǰɣСӳӲˡ
үҪ֣ܹ˵׳Ҵʲô֪ѽ
ãܺãǳãһԴıһǽıӷǰɣ
õȽϴʮ꣬ԣֵǸģܺŲξԽ졣
׳Ҳ˼ֻǣֻǡ
鶼֪˵ʲôˣĸдһ˳극ʱ򣬾˵ˣʱ黹ΪԼˣĸѽһ֮²֪ԭԼľӢۣȻ˼䡣
ڣûƣ
ڣʱԼҴԺŴ򿪣˵˫ۣڿȥ
ŵǳӷ磬ӷҲϵЩ˻ڽһϹģƴţǼܱ𣬾ԲܣһǸλү֪ӢۻؾˣǶѾ֪ˣ
ѽλүү̣塢󲮣ֵ̣ܡǡϲƣϲƣǸǲǸ˼һ£
үӺһ̣ûˤ
˵˭ҪԣΨСӲҪѾǮѽλүүļҲѽȻ˼ЩҹҪɫ
ӷ磬ϻȥ⹫˵˶ˡ
ģⲻѽô˵ҲҪȥǰģôҰء
ޡ˭СӰˡСװͿСǲ滹ţһؾˣ
ӷЦһ£Ҳϲ
˵Ӣ۵ѶʮǰעˣҲھʧʮ꣬û뵽Ӱ֮󣬴һ˵ԼȻûŻˣһڽһܹ
ЩϾӦģҲûһˣ֪Ӣ۵ûֻˣүӵƢȻһٱŭ֮ʮǰʸףһһȥģô˵ҲһϰɣԣЩ˾ͷǳǵѡڵڶϸϹҲʲôһˣۼӢ˵
ӷҲشЦȻλѾˣǻǽ˵ɡ
ûһʵģӲȳӷ·һ˽ȥΨһһûȥģȴ˳ӷ磡
Щˣ𣡾Ȼ˳꣡
ӷ̾˿յĽԺ
ͬʱתǴһһݣպüһĻ
꿴ŸսԺĳӷ磬˵ԭǷɻСԼҵˡֻʲôݣԼʲôλ
˵٣˭أôҲ벻ҵλݣȻԼҡ
̾˿˵ձ˵Ӧóүһ̫ø
̫øҲ˵үӣ㸸׵ĹøϷǡ
ûϷˣүүã
ѾѾ޵ģôŰɣңȻԼĺ̨ǰôûѽ
ٿЦһ˵үүһĶԹˣܶ飬Ҷ̫Ȼүүνλ̫ùãһ֪飡ڿԼӦһλ˲õǲȥݷˣǹ˵ɣ


941 ̥
˸ͲȫԼҴ⼸ϰ˵Ĵ顭ǲģżƣȽ鷳ģͬˣŲͬ
ЩУϵһɵģȻҲϵģɼȻϵΪףȻ˸ҸϵԣΪȨҪϵչﰵҲڣҪȸϵչ֮󣬻Ҫ´λʱ
Щ뷽˺ܶȫµϵЩȫµϵҲȫǴǰϵ֧ģεȦԶֹͣģΪԼĽΪմȨʲôʲôֶζõĳԣǰЩϵΪ٣Լָνķ֧ϵЩϵĴڣһǶϵһɣϾϵһͷӾӶ࣬ĿǰҲǼλүڶţ˭ܱ֤ЩүӻܻãһǵˣĴȨָ˭һȨգϯһߵͣҲпܵġ
ϵδѣҲ˵ãżλүӵ£ʱǾͻչжһȫԼʵ飬ЩһѾڰнˡ
ڸϵ齨ȫµϵȫµʱһ˵ϢϣٵĴǵĶС
ԼҾһϢʧߣҪ֪λԼҾȻѾʮǰĴˣΪĹףʵʵڵģκȥһ䣬ϻүӵĶӣھżţһسǷھﻹϣЩҪȨƵļһвԣڵ֪Ӣ۹Ϣ󣬸ϵˣҲܸϵһɵĹϵôһ磬ȫԼˣϢǲģģǻҪʮǰ׷ʲô£Ϊʲô·ȫˣΨλԼҾ¸ʮ󣬻ص˾ǣʮֵ꣬ʲôطȥˣЩʲô
ɵ˵ܾ꣬ԼҾκ֮¶޷ҡģԼҽѾһϯˣԼӢ۵Ĺ˵һص룬ֻһôλأѵ˵йעҪΪԼҵ²ɡ
У飬ԲܷԼĸŮյȨѾˣӢһȨպҪɴ¾ͻϼѡ
üϵͬһ뷨Ǿǣʮǰ飬ӢһҪҽҲҪЩ֪ļһѾӢ۷ӱλϣȼӢ֮󣬾ԴֻҪӱĽϰ϶ԼҵŲȨ
飬һԼҵģӢǰѣȫԼⷽˣкܶˣƻģ
ڴڣͼλүӣҲֻмλүӣڲʸˣȫվ˴ԺһڵȴţʮǰԼҾ¶档
֣ңǲģ
ΣǼվһȫŹ֣ЩУһӢ۵ģ
ǼȻʲôҲҪ綼Ѿص˾ǣܿ죬ͻڴҵǰˡ
ģǳҵġ
Ļʵ벻ͨʮ꣬ʲôطȥˡһսȻûΪʲô
£˵ѽǼλĹϵҲǳãỹȥɡȽ쵽Укܶ࣬ǲѽ
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ڳкܶ˵񶼱ȽɭڲͬĽʲôӣӢ۷ˡ
ȺھӵĻһǹǡ
˵Ȼ֪ŵϢǾӦĵж˶緢ѣǱⲻ˵ġ˵ˣҲ֪ʮǰ׷ʲôѽ
ܷʲô£ԼλΪˣǼˡΪ˺պսȻˣɱϾλȫˡԼΪΪû˿ΣûԼңҲķȶƣЩΪԼ棬ȻѾʼôԸˣʵǵĳ嶯
˶ʤ̾ģܶ˶ı˺ãһۺ죬һ죬ʲôõ飬ʲôյ鶼ĳ͸˵ھȦˡ
һԱһǰӷһŵϣһǿţԱ߻ƴţǼʶģӷȴǡ
ȥӷ磬ôɡ
ӷߣ˵ӷ磬ѧѽڻѾſˣ㻹⿴飡
ӷЦЦ˵̷Ҳ֪ѧţ࿴飬ʱôҵѽòҵ֤鷳
СװˡԲ߰ɣᣬЩһһӱΪڣС˵ġ
ºӦȥһѧʲôѽ
Ǽ̾һѧͰڸˣѹɱˣңܲʲôãڳԼأڳǵ͡
Сӣҿɸˣǰǰʰ̯ӵĻ鷳ɲС
֪ǻ˵¡ˣǾͲùˣѾźˡ˭鷳ҾҪŽųȥ
㶣˵ӷ磬ɲҪڿɲǶԸڣɲֵܶģ
ģ˹ˣڲ֡
ƴţǼʮֵرӣ㻹˹ˣɱ˻ѽ
ڵһָ̥ļһŴôӢ۷ʱүһˣӴ˳ͬʱҲѾһˣүӵߣ·һȳһյģ˿˺ܲ˳ۣڳ´󾪡
һϤİף˵ǰ


942 ţү
˫۾ȫȳӵϣǲɣ˫ȴڳܶ˵Ļ䣬ʮǰʮʱ׳үӣҲǶԵʱ޲ڣ
Լ֮ڳװһ󲿷ֵ˲Լ۾Ҫ֪ǰλĹɾǰ˱ɽѽԼһ𣬵ǣĹʮǰѾˣѫΥҲѾʮǰ϶ˣˣȴǻԼ˵ǰ
үӵһǰһ˫۵۾ǽĿǰ꣬е㻳Լ۾ˣ⣬⣬ԼΪ֮Ժı
Ӣۣ棬㣿
ү˫ץסӢۣڻүӵӢ۾͵ԼİӣԼӻưӢҲֵܡ
Ӣ۲˵һ񣬸׳Ӣۣˡ
ⱾʮǰӦ飬ڣȴʮʱ䣬λүӶѾһһһλνɽڣȫѽ
ڣүҲȥںģȻһϣӢۻܺúõվԼǰ˵ʮǰ飬ĴүҲѾ˽̡
ããͺãͺѽ
үһЦ˵Сѣţǻʲô
Ѹƴţǰͬ塣
Ѿˣˡ
磬ֵܣûɣ
ưǰҲ۵˵
ֵܣû뵽ǻл棬ϲԶӢ۵ϧѽ
ţǼĽݼңңϼҵүӣŵڶȫˡ
⼸ҵĵڶȫֵܣڣֵپףָоʵҲѽ
£Ŀ˸ˡ
ư˲۽ǵۣ˵磬ǼΪҪִУûļϻؾһǰսɵǻ֮ȴһ̣֪ʱǵģжʹ𣡡
Ӣ̾˿õ⼸ֵûȥǰߣľǣû⼸Ĵˡ
ȥ鶼Ѿȥˣ
Ӣ˿ȴ˵ѾȥûУûУûһУŸոտʼ
磬Ľôˣʵ
µģѾʮˣҲѾϰˣ
磬ʮ꣬㵽ʲôطȥˣȻţΪʲôؾǣưʵ
˿̣ǳӷ潫֮ǰѾƺõĹ˵ˡ
λʮСΪʲôȴؾΪһսС˵ĴԵػʧȥȥеļ䡭
ӷһĽԼƺõĹ˵˳ʲôһսʧȥѽ˾ѽȻһеȢףŮѽӹתתȥϾ󣬱ԼˣõԿҽС˻ָ䡣
ܿϧС˵ļǻָˣɶڵսϷ飬ȴûҽ˵Ϊս̫ңСָպǸʱܵˣܲȫսϵ飬ѾΪˡ
ӷ˵ЩүӶЦСӣغƣ˵ڳˣһһ㶵ģϷ绯ڣڳӷ˵˵ʵ
֮ǻŻˣҲսףүӢʲô취֪սϵ飬˶ЩʲôˣԣǱҪȣӢ۵ļ䳹׻ָ֮ٸǣʵȫǣǻ˵ã·̼ʬ嶼Ҳһ㣬˵ƻܴӰ죬ҲԾʧȥĵģǸʱйʲôң
Щ֪ļһѡһʺϵʱ鷳
ڳʵԽ˵ڵսϵǲˣ˵ʲô˶ˣǲеǣǿҪ֪Щʿ֮⣬ɻֳڣѵʲôɱֳֻ֪ߣʲôûǣֻһѪĽڣΪָʧ󣬵ȫûģλ֮һȴƫƫЩˣǻѽ
˵˫һתȫһˣһɫװĺǿ࣬ȴԲǾеˣΪڳľˣӢκεɡ
ӢۿһˣԼʶʮǰҲûӣӦǺλġ
ӷվڶԽߣʵ裬˭
ǹԺİɣҶҲûʲôӡ󡣡
ȻûӡǾͲǵˣһ鷳ģ
ӷ֪ڳ˭ʲô⣬Ӣ۶޷ģһˣһὫʮǰʵ¶˻ɡ
ȻЩ֪ǾҪסЩ˵죬һʵһ㣬ʵıʡ
ӷЦһʵ֪Ǻ⣿
ҵ˼ѾˣԽǵĽ֮һ˶ˣƫƫ˵ʲôԼʧˣδҲ̫Ϸ绯˵ɡ
Ҫôţ
ҲǲԽֻǡ
˵꣬ӷӲ˵ȥ̶ԱߵĻƴţʹһɫ
ͻأֻԺһŭͼһӴ嵽ǰ˵͵һȭ˵ϴ𣬱ߴ򻹱ѾѾ޵ģʲôȻ壬ӢһҹӵĿģҲСɫ۵𣿿ӽ鲻㡣
СţүˣƽʱǵţүôţҲ¶ִ쵼ѽǣţүһ֣Ȼûһ˸ȥģ
ЦȲ˵λСţүЩ˵ﲻģǵڳô̳ĴУЩСɫ˵ʸѾĻﻳӢۣλҵӢۣľСɫʸȥɵ
ƴţȭͽ˴ڵأҲȭ֣ͣڲͣȭߣϻΪңΪ񸶳¹պսЩһԺֵʱڸƴɱѪԹԡԼӣȥ쿪ۣԼһӣѾľȻӺ˵˵ҪȻӲ׼ȷ˵ʱ䣬˵ص㣬ɵģȹѾСȹйͬһε岻ıԵһε񣬲Ϊ˱ƬһεսΪ˱סЩһС̵ģ֪ȹѾĶٴ֪ȹȫ˶ٴûľˣѾĻÿģģĳԹʺȥɡ
ƴţһˣ˵ĻȫǸģ
ûİǿЩάֵ𣬾άֵģΰˣǿЩֻȨƵļһάֵЩһֻڰ칫ңſյ̣Сƣµʱ忪ᣬһ£˵ҵķٸǶٳ˵˵ҵȶǿҪȥģûоˣǻëͱձɱϼȥˣ˸ԭеҸΪ˱ң˺ۣЩֻµĻ쵰ȥ۵ģĻ쵰


943 ϲ²
˫۾ڿƴţԵʮ־ţͬһħ㣬ʹԭƴţڽŵµһӢ۵ЩһҲҿˡ
ԼӹǱ˵ҪѷɫĶ࣬ٿţүȭȭŽŵλٱˣ˵һ仰ˣǱƴţڽµˣ־͹Լù˵ʲôͷѽǰɣ³
ѾҲʲôطڳôڴˣ㻹ɵܳȥӢۣŹء
ⳡϷȻǳӷŵġ
µЩʶļһܳ鷳ҪԴ˴ЩϵͷҲܣҪԼǾҵù
ղǳӷ磬Լҵ˶֣ͲһˣϾӢүӵĶӣүҲ֮ѽڲǾ͵òʧˡ
ƴţ־ͲһһԼҵˣǻƼҸԼ˿ƴţҲӢ۲ƽǣƼҲ˾ңӢҲǻүӴı˵Ӣ۵ĲǣǾֱ˵үӲ֪ˣүӣʣƴţ᲻ܣڶƴţһôˣټľǣ˭֪ѽ˴ͲҪɣ㲻˳ۣԳһ٣Դʣ˭һƴţˣЩûֹôֵˡߣƴţڴ˵ʱ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣⣬ҲǸڳˣӽ첻Ϊĳһ˶ֵģΪйӶֵģҪӣǾǷйӣģվ˵仰ҸҴƱ˵ÿһ仰һСʱͻᴫȫо˵ĶУʱǻô룿ŶΪҳ˰ۣʧȥԼֵܣԼһȣЩһȻһ磬һңӲˣ˭˭ȥ
ȫ뷨ĻʣôӰ죬ڴ˵Ļѽھ˵ѪϣˮҲ鷳ίǱߣŹ𣬹˭ʲô𣬼һδһΣûƢΪֹ
үڵıգһ󿴿죬ҿأϿ¿ݵģ﷢飬˼û
ЩҪӢ۵ļһټүǵ̬֮󣬸û˸վŸƨˣͬʱҲ֪Ӣһˣپղŵ飬ӣְֽ֮Ҫָˡ
үڴЦСӣƽ֪ǣ˼Ӹ˵飬һˣԺҲͿٰһˡ
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ƴ٣ңҲʶǼһѽ¸ûϵġ
ûϵʲôϷѽģӵϷ㿴𣿹
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үסЦСӣ첻ѧã֪鷳ȥƵġιǸ˭ŸⶼҪˣϽģ͵ҽԺȥԼŪˣ
ȫˣҲҲܻƴţ׷ȥ֮˶ˣⶼѾҪˣҪǣڳģȫϵһɵģԼˡ
ɾԼˣʮǰ£Խ֪Խá
Ϸ׼ͣ˼λү֮⣬ӢЩҶӷЩȳԵ㶫ɣүȫȥ鷿ԽҲ˽ȥ
Ӣ۸պóʱ򣬸ֵɣʮûˣֵǶѾмݵĹ쵼ˣԼԼҲһŮǡ
СҸղŽбڷˣǲǸýгܸʶˣ
㣿
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֮˼׳ǰÿһҶȫǹ쵼ˣеģϵģ˼䵱ı˵ĳ棬ûǰ룬ֻҪԼŬ˵ڶʮ󣬻лЩ쵼˼棬û뵽꣬Ѿˣһȫֱġ
˼ȵʱǾнưҲ˵˼Ͼⲻ˵ãһ˵ưһվûģ֮⣬ҵ󣬵ȹֱ֮ӽ˼׵ʲôУУģëôмλүӣֱӾһˣ
Ӣȴͬ⣬Ȼ֪ÿһ˶ԼŮһӢۻŮƾԼŬһλ˼ԼҲġ
˵˵ʵܹʵɣӢ۾ôһŮ˵Լҵһӷ綥ţҲóӷ綥һӰɣˣӷɻһҪӹأҪȥʽˣԴڿʼ˼ҲҪԼصӡ
ԹؤŮԶܸʵ۵Ůȵģ濿ԼŬҪ̤뾩Ȧӣˣ㣬ûǿƵĺ̨Ҳˮ³йѽѽҪģǼ̳ѽûϵģ鷳ĴȥѽʵأǹǺǿģܹģûйֵ֮ġҿʲôû˵ѽ
̸Ŀʱӷֻ
һʾӷӢ˵Сˣţǳȥһˡ
˵꣬ӷһ֣ţСѣǬ壬ȡߡ
ӷ缸˳ȥˣӢһϲΪ֪ԼĳˣϾҪˮˣ


944 ҵĴֱ
ڳӷӢû˿Ļɣ齻ȥ죬ӢҲǾԵķġ
ֻһ£Ӣ۲ܿ϶Ǿǣ֪˳˭󣬳ӷܻ뾡һа취ֹԼֱ
ӢҲףܳһǶԼԸ˵ģҲΨԼҵļ̳ˣ㹻ʱȥЩӴභ
ǣԼֵܣԼսȫԼǰһĻĻӢȴ޷ǣԼûĻˣ٣ҲҪȥɱһɣɱһһɱһ˫
Ӣ۴˿̾ΪҲ֪飬򼱲ģһǱԼŵ飬ԼĳҲһڲ֪֮ϾֳôĶʮǰľүӵĶӹʣЩйĹңô᲻֪
ϰ˵һǻڵ˻ǲ٣ӣвûϻ߸ϻȥģֻܵȵ죬ϻϻ»»ȻҲкܶˣǸմӹġ
ӷ缸뿪Լ֮󣬾ֱ˻Ϊ֮ǰӷӵĵ绰ĽģɻѾҪˣĽطֵĶҲѾ˻˾ǡ
˰˵ңĽѾӻ˳Ϊǳҵ˽˷ɻ˻ĶȻҪĽܣȻ˽͵ӷָĵص㣬Ҳ˵γӷ缸˲ӶģصĽġ
Щ첻ĽǳˣӷһۼĽ߳ʱ֣ĽϣַǳԵĹ߸ֵŮˣŮ˵ͶĽ󣬵Ľһ𣬺ĽΪס
ǵĽݴ쵼ˣǹʮѽ
ӷһЦȶĽ鿪ĵģϾʱԼҲûϵ֮ȥأҲΪԼ
ĽȴʣһųԳӷˣһֱӾͶ˳ӷ磬Ҳ˵ֱ߳˻
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ӣӣ֮ŷֵġ֮ǰȥһǸط
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ȥǲھ𣿡
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ҶˣǴһˣף֡
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ȻĽ֪£ǳӷҲǻйܡ
Ľİӣӷ߳˻
ھһǾֲĵطӷ缸ſ˳ֱӽ롣
ҾֲǻƴţŵģҲǾǹӸȦľۼ֮أƽﶼǶʮСʱӪҵģΪƴţ˻Ҫطʮʱ䣬ϰ廹⣬УˣǮģԼֲ벻뿪ˣӪĹϵɲΪǮˡ
ֲĶ¥һǿĵطӷ缸󣬾;һűȽϴǰ
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ƴţ㣬ɲ˵ֲǺᣬô˵أӦ˵Ǵ²Ŷԡ
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ôĽ죬Ƕ׵ģȻĽ鲻ϲ죬Ӳ޸˵ﻰĽҲ뿴ˣ̫
˶˵Ҳ֪վĽϣѾԲˣ֮ձף֮ܵȥˣǱܿҥ֮⣬ǲټ졣
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ҪȥִеʨˡʨҲǣ飬ǲ֣ܲԣȥ֮ǰܾǷʲô£ҪԼȥ
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945 ϣ񻰹е
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ƴţͬȻǣϣ
ûϣʮǰĵˣλ˾ˣЩսʿĴˣɣϣ


946 
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Ӣ۵ˣԴӳӷ缸˳ȥ󣬾ͿʼȾƣϣһֱȵҹʮûһӢҲ߲ܣһһһڽһڣϣˣѾĲˣ
ү˽ͻظ֮˼Ҳͻ˷
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˼ҪطϢʱӷպûؼңһ˻ģƴţǼҲȫؼȥˣ̣ʱͻˣ˵ھתһȦ˼С˵˵һģȥʲôС˵ѽһһ죬浱˶ɵѽ˭֪ȥǰ˸ȥˡ
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947 𾳽
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ӵʮλӳ֣Ҳͳӷһˡ
𣬳ϷҲǿȥ֮׷ȥĳӷ磬ѾоھǵĲͬطͬʱֲССʮƣЩƵĿ꣬ӷһģȫϷȥ
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ⲻ²µ⣬ʨҲδ¹κˣڵʨǰҲҪͷĵʦĸһֻƽӣ˿İۣԣɡ

ͻһЦ˵ۣδҲ̫Ե˵ɡŶӣñӵʸûУʲô˵ˣֵ˸Ҳԩ޳𣬾ʮǰϷһ䲻֪ߵغǵϷֵҲѾ˴ۣѵƾԼ޵У˵㻰ˣ˵˷ֵһַ˵ֵۣܰҪɱǣֱǻ쵰
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ʱϷֵѾɱѵϷʲôη𡣾ƾϷһͷ
ͻȻһɾӶڱ˳ɾķƶͬʱ˺üڰеĳӷ磬ҡ
ҲܳӷΪһôľ磬Ҫ֪ƶ׵Ѿ۷徳磬ڣ۷֣Ȼˣû֮ǰˣʵ˾ò˼顣
ƶ״ˣֻ۾ͬʱ˶ϣƶϼһȻ𾳽磡
ԭϷͲ㱩¶ԼʵɼȻۿƣϷҲܲôˣһҲҪΪֵܱС
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еĳӷڵȴһƶ˵һԼʱʣ죬ҵ˵üͷ
ûɽپ֮ϵĸ߾磬Ҳǵʱӷѯʳۣ۲ش⣬죬ڴƶĿе֪һ㣡ңǰһλԽ˶ɽپǿߣ
𾳽磬λڶɽپ֮ϵĸ߾磬һôĴڣ
ӷţϽ֮۵Ķƶˣչһ֮


948 ϶죬𺳻
һѾԶԶԽ˷ƶˣҲڽѹƵһҲˣĻᣬеģ˵ȻѾһ磬ŲŽ̫ãһԽ˶ɽپǿߣҪɽٺڵĸ֣ǻƵģ㣬ӷţȻⳬԽɽپ磬Ҳû̫˼ˣ
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ƶһ䣬һ󷭣ȴҲһ𣬲ηƶʹܣ׷ȥ
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Ը綼δͻƵļһϷһƷԡ
˿ֵ̣һӷǰûľ磬磬˵ƶ綼δͻƣʲô˼ƶǶɽٺڵ۷徳ˣʲôʱʲôˣ磬ʲôϵ
ϼһΪ˵˵ǿߣֵܼˣһƷѵֵܻϲɣһƷǸոյģ͸ûʸֵǰҫˡ
ǿߣϷڶʮǰѾʶˣڣϷ򲢲ƾ𾳽۷徳ļһǰҫʲô䣬ʲô̫ϷֻΪԱ
ԱΪƾһƷľ磬סʵ㣬ֻҪǵʨҪɱ֮ˣ˵һƷľ磬۷塢ʥ۷Ҳס㣬϶쾳磬Ҳֻܱסǻڵʨδٵ֮¡
۷ʥ۷ʱû̫ĳԾϾߣڶʮǰѾʶˡɵƶ˵϶쾳ʱҲܲסˣ˷츲صת䣬֮ǰʲôԱʲô֮ģ϶쾳硱⼸ʱȫȻʧһƬң
ܣԲܣ϶쾳磬ԹһܹУ϶쾳磬ֻһ˵ˣѵѵ
ˣ˵ˣ˵Ͳţƶ֮⣬ѵ˵۵ΪȻ˴˵е϶쾳磿һôĳȻڣԶʱڿʼڶ쾳Ĵ˵ִ˵Ҳźһܹľʧˣ𾳽綼δˣǸ֪쾳ϴ˵ģǰλȴǺԥ˵϶쾳磬˵ʲôζʲô
ղ˵ĺ棬һ˿Ե϶쾳磬ȻȻһƮĴ˵ж˵ľ磬ܵǾԲܵġ
֪۵Ŀ£繻ǿ𣬻ǱѪϴһΣԷƨҷš繻ǿĴ۹ǿ𣿿ɵڳǰǶֶϽţ˼ƨҷţѵۣĵǴ˵еľ磿ţ˵Ƕκǿߣŵģ
ʱ򣬰еĳӷ磬ȫµľ磬磬𾳽磬ʥ磬һ˵е϶쾳磬־УɣĶʬ϶쾳ΪǿģΪǿģۺڣǳȻǿ
ȲԼĸ׵ûдﵽ϶쾳磬ӷǣʲô˵ƶ۷ĴڣΪַԯЩͬѽѵǿе磬еߴ󾳽ֻǳƺͬˣ
ԣһʲôһĵطͳƵĶɽ۷徳磬ΪʲôЩ˿Уͱʲô۷徳ȥˣ
ӷ˿ȥԼеʸֲܳȥٿ᲻Ĵ𰸰ɣ
ɳӷ뿴ϷȴûʲôͷˣΪǶǱƵģ˶ѾɵˣվϽ֮ϣϲͣ˵ʲôܣԲܡģû˵ظ仰
ӣɵˣһ϶쾳ɵˣҲѾ֤϶쾳Ŀ֮
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ƶ׳˶ʱͬʱǼеһ
ƶ˵һ£ȻӦڷӦƺѾ̫һ㣬ƶ׵˫ȫؿϡ
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ȻҪĻԷƶ׵Ϊɱ˶ģǸʱ򣬳ұضǿߵӷҲһȥ˽Щȫµľ磬ҵԼҪĴ𰸡ɶϼһҲ̫ˣȻ˼仰ųĿ
˭أֻܹԼ̫ûʶˣ
Ȼӷû˵쾳Ĵ˵Ӳ֪쾳Ŀ£ӷĻͲ뷨ˣ쾳粻µĻǰӡϡϣߣ۷Ĵڣûκ֮֮⣬϶죬𺳻


949 ֮Դǿ
ƶ׻أǶ˵ϽǾֱӻˣҲԲϣοղԵģһ𾳽ǿߣֻǸոսõһƷڣǵΪܹɱҲ˵ˣûõʨʧ
˸ȥͻأһӰٳǵǰ
ƶ׼Ӱʱ²û˿Ľ䱸û˷Ѿ֪˵Ĵڡ

ƶͬ
ӷ̾˿ųֵģȻǶѾˣԼ͸ɴһ㣬ֱһ㣬ʷƶԼеʾˣҲҲԼ
֪
ƶ໥һۣȴû˵飬Ѿˡ
۷ֲ֣ᷢ˳ӷڳ֮ǰȴûеƣ˵ʲôѵǹҪԼղŵһĻһЩԼеʣĻԼҲҪѿˣ
ȸңʲô磿ߴ󾳽磬ʲôϵ
һʳ̫⣬ӷԼҲǾȴɡ
ﲻ˵ĵطĵط˵ɡ
䣬ƶ𣬳찲Ź㳡ȥ
ӷȻǸƶͬʱ찲Ź㳡ģݣν似ѽ۷֣Ҳ޷Խӷٶȡ
ʱҪѧĶѽֵܶˣ̾硣ЦЦ˵
ҵƨûãֲܸʲôڻ˵˵ʲôɣ
ƶ˵ʵѾ뵽˳ˣȻѾ뵽ˣΪʲôҪֵܡ
ӷһν磬ľߴ󾳽磿
ƶ˵û˵ˣӦ˵νߴ󾳽磬Ŷԡ
˵һ㣬˵еͿ
û˵֮Դ
֮Դޱ˵ռ䣬֮Դγɵģ
ûӦûǵģʱʨʱսʨȴʨ̼ѹסˣʨӵе֮ԴҲԳ֮ΪԴ
Դ˵ҰӵеԴ棿ѹ־󸣬֪ҰԴˣԭ֮ңԶұ޷Ӵģ
ˡʨӵеԴʵϣкܶӵУֻʨЩӵеĶܶң㣬ҲһĹؼ֮
ƶ˵꣬׽˵ղʣʲô磬ʵ磬ֻǽӴ֮ԴһǰᾳˣҲ澳硣ν棬ʵҲֻԶʱ֮һ˵Զ֮ʱңԶԶ֮ǰܶߴ󾳽磬߼硣
˵治棬ǲǻĳƺ
ûԴߣ磬磬ͬѾ֪ǸԶ磬ӵеǿߣΪԴߡԴߵԴں棬һԴߵĵǼΪѵģǰҪͻһϰҲ׳ƵĴ㣬ֻҪͻ˴㣬ܽӴ֮֮ԴҪͻƴĻҲҪ㹻ǲƬ֮ģҲһܹͻƴ㣬Ӵ֮ԴǲܳΪԴߣ̤ǿ֮С
ǿ֮УǸղ˵𾳽磿
ƶ˵ûԴߣϳΪԴߵǰᾳ磬ΪĴ󾳽硣磬𾳽磬ʥ磬˵еĶ쾳硣ǰ磬Ҳ˵һڡԶʱڣ磬ʵֻԴߵˣ
ɣߴ󾳽磬ԶʱڣȻ⹤ģδҲ̫һ˰ɡҪ֪һɽ۷ĸѾӵӴˣ̼һҲǲܵģͻ㾳磬Ӵƶ˵֮ԴΪһԴߣһôĸԴ۷徳磬ָܵһ磡
뷨óӷʵڴܴѽԭԼһ׷߾磬ЩνԴ˵ֻܿܿˣûʲô˲ģ⹤ģ
ҲδΪԴߣ
ƶĲ˼˵ֵܶ˲ʨ꣬ڣ޷ͻ۷壬Ӵ֮Դ
޷Ӵ֮ԴӣҪΪһԴߣʵѽǿߣҲ˵־ͳֵġǸղ˵ϣкܶӵ֮ԴԴߣΪʲôЩ£Ҵδ˵ߣҲû˵
ãһյһȺδӴͬˣǻΪϣϵ˴ͬĵУѾûֹԴˣԴߵĴڣȻ֪Ҳ޷ͻ۷徳磬Ӵ֮ԴǾ͸Ӳ֪һȻĴˡղǸͬԭţʱ̫࣬ٶ꣬ؼİأ𾳽磬ΪһԴߡǣ֪Ҳֻ𾳽磬Ͳ֪Դһôĸ
֮˼˵Ǿ֮ˣ
²ңֻݶѡ
һ£ղ˵ʲôǸٶˣ
ǵġͣ϶ǿͻ磬һƷľ硣ֵܣĿǰҲʮ£ǵΪ޷Ӵ֮Դ۷֣Ҳˡ
ٶǿͻ磬Ӵ֮ԴڿʲôЦжߣܴﵽĸ䣡
УǸ֮⣬ûˣΪԴߡǳҵǿ֮⡣
ղŶѾ˵ˣǿԴȻǴڵģӷҲԼҵ飬Ϊû̫˼
Уûͻ磬Ӵ֮Դġ磬ȴУҲǺܶࡣ
ʲôطࣿղ˵ӵ֮ԴĲҸһǳǳ֮⣬ĴжԴߣ
硣УǶ绹磬ȫԴߡ
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ȻܽӴһ߲㣬ΪʲôЩͻļһȥأоǣ˵Ҫ𾳽磬˵ҪΪҰ
ʨͬ㣬Ӧúܿͻ֪ģ֪ޣ޷شЩͻļһΪʲôȥ磬ʵԭܼ򵥡
ӷѾµһ㣬Լĸ֮ǿӦøԼصйأӦԼҵĸ߼ܣˣǳҵ£ǲ֪ġ
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ӷôŸһȥȰᣡ
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ƶЦһ£˵ʮǰлȥģʸ񲻹ȥҲʨûȥ
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ΪǳһλǿͻҪȥʶһ£ѹˣǿƢҲãǲ½ʨ߿ࡣʵʱ˭֪λǿеͼӴףԵʨľȻ֪ΪʲôʨǴǳϵǿȥ磬һ
ԭ۵ȥΪ£ֺеʲô飬ƶǲ֪ġ
ڣӷеʻǽ⿪ˣ˵ܴһ㣬ɼȻ֪Щ£պǿţ֮ϵԴߣҲֲ
ӣϾѧ̬ļһԴˣ
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ӷЦһʵ˵Ѫǲصѽ
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ӷЦһ˵ӦҳߵĻˣô֪
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ǵˣ浱ɵģǽһУҰЩʵİɣ
鲻ôɣԼջصǣԼĸ׾ɳ۷ֳ֣֮һǿߣӷٱҲµĵѽңӷ绹ʮ־˵ǳ֪Ƕ𾳽磬ЩȫµľԼġ
𾳽ʥ綼ΪƷǶ쾳أӷҲǼ϶˵ʲôȻԼ֪ЩȫµľڣûжҲɳǿġ
ƶ׿Цһ£˵쾳磬ɲʸ֪ġ˵ǣʥ۷ǿҲ֪ϣ˵֮ڣ֪쾳ģֻ˶ѡ
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ȻеѾ⿪ˣҲܵ˴Ҫǣ֪ˣ졭ˣǸղǲ˵ļһܿҪˣ
ǵģ̫ѾӦˣƲ֮ĴͻῪҪǧСѽΪ˴ɵĿϰ˴ЩӦöٳһǿߣǰЩɵвǳ󡣡
ƶ˵꣬˵оǣҲ̫СǱˡǼУ֮ǰǹʲԷ⣬ͬЩһֱڽ⣬ǼУҲЩڣ񡣡
ڣԴߣǣ½
ǵĸͲᣬһˣЩһһֵģ˵ΥĹأǻ̵ģǷǳĻ̡
ӷһ룬̺ѽٸԽ͢һ̣Үˣϣһ̣ŵˣʱԼͽ̸Ȩȥ׬ˡǣߵҲȫһȦǾ͸ˡӷ絽ʱһҿϵѽ


950 ̫
ͬɾȺɽ֮Уÿһɽ壬һ޼ʵȺɽ֮ڣκζеӰӣеģֻɽɽɽȺɽ֮ڣҲŹڰĴڡ
ӲסĵطӲǵǴ˵еġ磡
ӷ֪ԴߵĴֽ֮ζʲôһǿߵġСѧһǿߵġѧֻߣһǿߵġѧǿԱһѧĻǶ˵ǼҪᣬںδ
Ⱥɽ֮Уаɽߵģ˵Ƭռأֿɽ嵽׵һôĸ߶ȣҲΪ糣걻ֵĹϵɣ¼ֻ׺з裬һ֮󣬾ҲӰˡ
̫ڣ˴֮һԴ߼ǰƬռ֮νİ˴ɣѾûǰλ֮ˣ˴ɣʹ壬ĻȻа繷ѪĶԱȣУبŲ䡣
̫ԸվԽѾǧĹ⾰̫ڳֵĸЩУҲûͻνߴ󾳽磬Ҳ磬𾳽ģȻ綼δͻ֮ˣǲ֪ԴǴڵģЩ˶ͬ񻰰ĴڣӳǸǶȥҲֻһȺ֮ܰˣ⾮ڵģټ磬ʮˡ
̫ڵĴ֮ڣϷλϣ񣬶һּΪŭʱ̣ʹһɳϸӣЩĺ¡
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ϣǱϢ񣿡
ͷڷȴϰٸ䣬һװ̫ŭʵ
̫ڵĴվ˵ţߴѾϢΪܸǵϣѾҪˣһٰ֮꣬ڣǿͨ󣬽ͨ硣
һ̫꣬ˡ̫ɳλϣȥߴƴʦܵĳ𣬱Ҫ籨
ʦܣ̫ŵʦ˭ϣڳеӣȫ֪
ǸڴδƻǰѾ̫ӣҲ̫һˡ
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ǰ̫ȴͻȻ֣ԼλʦܵԪȻȫʧˣԼһоûУ
ԪʧζʲôȻԪ֮ˣѾˣԪҲѾˡ
Ϊ޷ͨĹϵ̫鵽Ҳ֪ʲôˣɱԼʦܣ˵磬磬Ǽλ˵еĸֳ֣򣬸ܹɱԼʦܣԣ̫ڼȥ磬ҳɱԼʦ֣ܵҲɱ֮ˣΪﱨ
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ʱͬգҸӵǿ󣬵ЩĽҲСѾ˸ǳҶԿȻͷҲϣҲôɣԷǳҵˡ
һ£λ˵Ҳԣ⼸ʮɵķչȷСҲǱƵģΪûټһ类ѪϴȻʷݣǾҪŬŬȥƸ߼ķ
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˵ĵڻڵĻ
̫һ⻰ʲôƵģ˵ǧǰѾʧˣǴ˵һؼ𡣶ңؼУبΪĵҩ
Ϊĵҩ
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̫̾˿˵Ǳؼ̫ڵõĻǾȫԳư磬磬ҲҪ̫ڹĿ
ϿЦһ££ͳˣҪõǱؼβŵõĵأ
ˣϣⵤҩؼ£㻹Ƕѷġڴ飬Ҳܵ顣
ǣţȥ졣


951 ٣¯
һ·ʱ򣬳ӷʮֵƣ
ʱ䣬һ׷߾磬ԭֻܿܿЩǿǰͬϰĴڣ
һǰᾳҲͰˣʵ޴ӸıģӷڲܶУǣԼĿǰΪֻǻ񾳽磬еĵһ󼶲ܵ۷徳磬ڳӷ˵Ҳ̫ѣʱӳߣ첻ģɰշƶ˵ͻ۷壬𾳽ʱƷÿһƷѶȣͺñȴ۷ѶȣǿһƷһѽ𾳽Ҫһ׶Σ졣
ӷˣΪʲôԼĸ׿ԻΪһ⣬ɵķУԼҲͻһ⣬ʵ̫
ҪôܾԼʵأ綼޷ĻʱԼɱϣΪС˱ЩһͻȻ½Լôֵס
Ҫ֪νЩ񣬲ǶĻģһȫԴߣҲͽ𾳽ĳǿߣԼʵԼžľۻʾ񽣣𵽶á
ûԼʵĿǰҪ飬ʵô˼Ҷٶ꣬ǿ𾳽磬ԼһصʲôѪģҪѪҲҪȵ۷徳ɣ
׳Ƶ澳˵ԼǻڣҪɽٺڣһκܴľ룬ڽʱڣûʲôĶԼĻƻҪ¼ܵɽٺڣ۷徳硣
ӷûôʱ䣬ۿҪȥˣС˵ĳԼ˾ˣЩʿĳ𣬵Ȳѽ
ӷ籧ƵصԼңѾ賿ˣȴڿڿС˵
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˵꣬ӷȥԺ˵ˣѾͷķ˼飬˵Ĺá
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Ҳ֪ô飬Լȥһ°ɡ
ӷ˵һܵԼķԼİһԼʮ飬ڣһ룬ҡ
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ӷһ̳Ժȥ
ںԺѾͷ˷ܵտţүӸӢǣһȫ⣬Ѿͷţ˭û˯ˡ
СϽģӻѽⶼˣ
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Խ˵ѾͷǴ𣬲ʲôҪɣ
裬ģǶѾˣЩ߰飬ûҪġ
治֪ѾͷʲôѧտⶼһСʱˣûȼ
ү˵ѾͷʲôѽʶûУô𡣡
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955 һһ˿Ϊ
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Զɽׯ԰еһ԰ڣһˣΧûκ˵ıӲκεƣͬһͨ˼Ұ㣬ڵȴʲôƵġ
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ÿһ磬еķڣͬЩ֮⣬Ҳһַ򣡼ȻǳƹǾͱ밴շĹ¡ÿһ磬ʮ껻һˣȻҳѡ˴ΪǬ֮Ǿͱ֮ٽϳǬˣ磬ͬˡ
ҽʱĸоǬǬҪ꣬磬ҲдļǬȻҲѾоˣһ᲻һдۣϵİ߸ġ
ʱ̣Ҳ̫֡ˣ֮ڣǳ֮⣬壬Ĵ໥ǣţκһȻǳƹܵǧзĵĻҲϵ壬ͬʱϴ֮ϣޱǧ磬ǧٴĴʵ̫ԣ򲻵ʱǾԲģ
۵˵ͷֵǸףĿǰĴУǳҵȨѾǳҲ˳ˣ֮ϵĴڣҲڶǳңҵġ
ۣòҪȥ룡
˶٣Զɽ̾˿˵ĵҳҲԴУöֵʱ򣬻Ҫֵģ
Цһ˵Ǹλ棬Ҳ޷ӴôһĻҳв
ӵ꣬ٵһнмʱ䲢ҲͽһСʱӡ
Լ֮⣬µˣүӵȫһ̬֮ڣҲ޷ƽ
ղŵôһ£
໥֮ʵ
Ҳ֪ѽղŵ̫ӴҵһҲˣֻǣ໥
໥ôܣ֮໥һɾ޴䶯ģɸղţ΢ĵ֮⣬Ҳûѽ
ˣ̫ˡ
µɫҪѿΪЩУǿ԰µղҲǵһоҹֵÿһǶԽԼ֪ĴڣҲֻǺΪǰĴڣ԰µ˵޷ȥӦġ
Ȼ鶼ѾˣǰµҲ룬ܣֻԼĻþɣϣôܻгԽ۷ڡ
ǵĿģΪ˶Ըӷ磬µҲὫǡ
λסԼҸӷ̫ƻˣ
˷Ӧ˵ԼΧˣ޷
үӵ˴ŭ֮࣬ȴ޼ƿʩӣֻܵȳӷˣӷ絽ʲôطȥˣ
ʲôطӷ粻֪ǰģֻһƬڰĪ￪ʼڣѾһСʱˣܳӷôߣ޷߳Ƭڰ
ƬڰУܳӷʹʲôֶΣ𲻵κεá
ͺˣһ֪һЩ顣
ӷ뵽˽󸣬ȴֵ֪ط˵һֻ󸣬壬ؼһ𣬶֪ʲôط
ͻأһ⣬ڳӷϷ֣ƬڰеһӷҲʱʱӦ̧ͷȥֻ⣬֮ǰ¯һȻγһĹġ
棬򷨹һ
ǰ˸֣ӷѾо˸־ȻӵǿԼδо֮ǰѾ𾳽Ķڴ˵ǰҲǱɽһѽ
γɵĹģ˿һ䣬ӷ͸оԼڿʲôС˵㣬˫ۿű仯ĽģһգҲգ»ʲôƵġ
̲񷶦ڡ֪η嫳񷶦֮ȨƶݰҡĻʱꡣ񷶦ڱءԵߣһһ˿Ϊ


956 ŴԪ
λóӷȥһҲû
Ҫӱϵ˼ȥĻǰ䡰̲񷶦ڡ֪η嫳񷶦֮񡱣˵Ӧ¯Ͳڵ֮̫յģһеڵ֯ɣƾ¯ںмΪţǿǿߣǣԼ֪¯
ľ䡰ȨƶݰҡĻʱꡣ񷶦ڱءԵߣһһ˿Ϊ˼ӦǸʲôڿȨƵᣬʲôݶӣݣɾǵϣڵҲʲôսԻǴ̼УڵվǾûʲô˼ˣǾͽһһվʧˡɵʧ¯ȴڣұӡ֮ڣ˵ʲô˭ܵõ¯ͿԳưԣʲôطƣưɣʲôطƣӷ粻ףϣԼڵ磬ǡСλлһʲô嫳һôĴڣ
֮ӷһͷ󣬲񷶦¯Լĵطѵ¯Ҳǲ񷶦֮
ӷһƬͿʱͻأĶʱɢͬʱƬڰռҲȫʧȡ֮ģһƬâĿռ䣬Ӧ˵һ֮ڣΪԲΣ򳡵ĴСΧװȴĳӷ󾪡
ŵ䣬£·еһУһֵûеĽɵģΧǽϣֵĻƣڴλãһ¯һⲻǴֵ¯ҲǸղǶιᵽĲ񷶦
һУӷ粢ûгԾ̫ĵزΪиĶڣǶǡˣ
ŸˣŸ۵ߣڿڲ񷶦Χ໥֮ľǳʣպΧһȦң˵壬еƮƮĶǰǰ£΢΢Ķš
ӷղſһҲûоطԼ֮⣬Ȼ˴ڣһǾŸˣóӷе⣬ȻͲˡ
ڣѵˣǸʲôڵɣŴ˵ڴڵʱӦòѽÿ˻꣬ҲǧӡԸղǶιڴ浽򣬷·Ǿ޾£˵ǧ꣬꣬궼пܣΪʲôȴֻоŴǲǡÿһˣǻǧ꣬꣬ã
ӷ綼ȥԼĲ²⣬ǰһĻԼĲ²⣬ôȥͣ
ӷվԭأûжԼһɱ֮ϾⵤڿǴϵģҲ˵ľˣΪǵʥɣߣͨˣҲ첻ġ
ΪСӷ˫ȭһ˵ӷ磬λǰ
ӷ绰Ƭ̣ȴ˿ĶʱӷżȻ֣ԭԼۼֻǾŸۣߵˣȴӿǵĵһ𣬾ûǵòͬʱӷ˫һתѽˣû֣ûнţûС壬ֻǾżεĽ۶ѡ
һ֣óӷĳ׷ɸǰȥ鿴ôʱӷȻһֻоֲͬͬʱӾżɢ˳ʮֵǿûνľ춯أǵأȴš
ԪǾŸԪ񣡡
ûżɢģԪĸоͲ˵һ
ôܣȻԪڣǵʵء
ߣҲԴߵǰͿԪˣӷҲպõ־磬Ȼ֪ȻԪڣԪǾˣҲֵǣŸԪȴ˿ѽ˸ӷԪĸо֮⣬ʲôڣ
ѵǽԪӡԶ޷뿪ˣѹⵤڻʧˡŴԷԪһԪƮ̫õĻȻ᲻ͣйǸʱ򣬾ԪһΪҲһϱԪǿĴڣԪֱӱˣɼȻŸԪûʧҲ˵ǴڵģΪʲôһҲоأ
ӷڲͣ£Ψһܽ͵ǣŸԪԽԼ̫̫࣬Լ޷оĴڣҲֻֽͣΪʵʵģ
ӷߵһԪǰĽԼҪȥһԪ񣬿ɳӷ벻Լ⻹ûԪֻɢޱǿ⣬ӷڵأңʹĳӷڵңѪҺʼۡһһѪڣ
ɣղ̬ѽûͱǿ˵Լˣ֮ǰǸҲһ죬һصѵ˵ŸԪѾ۷ֻ˵Ѿʥ硣
ţʥ磬һôĴڣ
Ҫ֪𾳽ÿһƷѶȣͬ磬Ҳ澳ӳ߼ŸԪΪȫʥ磬ǳӷ֮ǰ뷨ҲȫȷˣŸһǻǿѽʥǿߡʥǿߣǾŸȴѾûʲôֱˣԪڣҲԶ޷뿪ط񷶦֮ڣ
ӷԾţͻȻһʣóӷЦã
ղԪȻڽļʥǿߣھѾ𾳽磬漴ֵ硣ͬʱ˸Ԫ񣬾ȻҲ壬ÿһԪʱǿĿ£ʱӷһȴûеڳӷ磬ֱ仯óӷҲűˣĻܵԼϵˣ
ʵǣ̫Ծˣ
ôܻ½ԼǼװģʥģԼͬľ磬Ҳȫģû˿أ
ͻ䣬һһӷ練ӦŸԪı仯һͻ䣬óӷĳ嶯ˡ
壬Լľۻʾȫͬһʱ䣬ԼԶ
ӷؿɻˣĿУɲģǱڵ޾ͻ֣Ǹʱ鷳ʹˡڣǾͬʱ·ҪͬһʱƵġ
⾪δӷһһ£
ԼڵȻҲʱˣһͷһصģԼڲͣţͣţûֹͣĴƵġ
ӷصûֹ֮ãȴûеġ
շƶ˵ԼųرѪֻҪѪһѣԼͻ̥ǣҪѪѵǰԼڵҪҪԼΪͱ뵽۷壡ڣ۷壬ҲǶɽٺڻԶأΪʲôʱܣ
ӷ֪Ĳ룬ҲǰǺǻһǾͬʱ֣طססһ£ԼɾҪڴ˵ˣޣɲڵԼƷģ
ӷϥ볢ԽڵһиȴϣȳӷʲôŸԪͬʱֻһ⣬ŵ⣬ͬʱ˳ӷϣ漴ӷڵһУʱƽǴδһƽ
ӷ绹û⵽Ƿʲô£ʻûûˣԲδ֮ڣһ֮⣬ֻ˵Ǿ֮µ
˶һŴԪΪʹеһУΪȥãֻҪӦĴ۱ɡ


957 Ĵ
˶һʲô˼ѵ˵Ѿ񷶦Ϊһ˵ĻǵڶڣǶҵڣ
ӷڶ쾫ˣҲ룬ŴԪеһɢһǿҵĽ⣬ڳӷϣһ̣ӷͺ˿ƵģһΪӷ磬Բδ֮ڡ
һģһĳӷ磡
ʲô£Ϊʲô
ӷ㶵ĿߵԼ⣬ǡ
ԪҵԪôԶˣ
ͬʱӷһΪԼԪ񣬾ȻųԪ˹ȥͬʱųԪ񣬾ȻԼ˹ӷҲѾĿһߣһͷ׷ߣҲǾŴԪ֮һ
ʲô
ӷҪˣǣ壬һҲˣֻվԭأۿţԪ񣬾ȻԼǰҪԼһ
ӿûȺãѾϲԶһ㣡
ӷ뽫еĻܿϧڵĳӷһҲ˵ڣҲԼԪѾǽ֮ڣֵԪ񣬾ȻԼڡ
һֽĽϣԼԪһԪһγ׵ĽǣԪȫԼ֮󣬳ӷ粢ûиоʲôԾĵطǽԪҲûпԼ塣
ֻǶʱ֮ڵ⣡
һԪ񳹵׽ӷ壬ӷ϶Ϊһ֮ڣӷͻһɾ޴Լڳ֣ǳӷܲסģȴȫȫڳӷ硣
ûڽԪ˳ӷں󣬳ӷ͵ӵԪΪǣԳӷĿǰΪ˵ܵסǿɶǣԼղѾڽԪԼ֮Ȼһγ˯ˣôһ£
һ£һӤܳԵһ˵ķӲҪȥĻӤ
ͬĵԳӷĿǰΪ˵ôܵסǿⲻǰҪӷ
ӷףղǸе˼ˣ
еһУξȥãҪʲôͿȥʲôͬģҪӦĴۡ
ʵ˭ףϵһУκһˣȥãڵõͬʱҪӦĴۡñɱһˣֻҪͰϼ͸㶨ˣɱֽ֮ӭʲôҲǶԷˣѵĸҲϷɵƲãɱˣҪɱ˵Ĵۡ
ŴԪΪʹʹŴԪĺҪĴۣпܾȻŴԪӵеʵ̫ǿ󣬳ӷڶѾоԼ˵ԪԼѾԽ磬ӷҲɵѽʹҪԼΪ۵ĻԼԶŴԪȫһȥ
ӷȻһ𣬡¡һԲδζһ£ͬʱԪ񣬴ӳӷڵ˳⣬ӷԼԪҲǽڷأ͸֮ǰһһһأӷһ˵ϣԪѾ˽֮ڣԼԪҲѾصԼڡ
ӷ硰ۡһһѪڵԽԽҡ
ȥҷɣ
ӷϥڵ
⹷ƨ񷶦Ǳ𣿾ǱҲҪı
һСʱĵϢӷڵŽָ
˿̣ӷվŸԪ񣬷֣ղԼԪ񽻻ĽۣȻİ޹⣬Ҳ˵ѾʧˣѾһˣһǳͨİۣ
˼ۣһۣô£ΪʲôԼԪ񽻻Ľۻᷢ仯һûˣԪָоҲѾʧˣ
ӲԶıΪ˰ۣڰ֮ϣҲе˿˵ǸողųֵĽ˿
һĻóӷֲ뵽ѵÿһԪ˽Ԫ֮󣬶ʱʧȥеȻĻָĻǳӷףΪʲôҪоŸԪˣǵһԭҪõģùĽԪָĽ˿ӦҪܳһʱ䣬һºȫָ
治֪ǵڵһôĴڣӦ˵񷶦һôĴڣΪ֮ǰֵǶν˵Ϊӵ񷶦֮űǿġֻ˵
ѵŸԪ񣬸ͲǵڵľŴ񷶦ԭʹڵġ񷶦ˣǡʵĴڡǸʲôڣΪӵŸԪ񣬲ݺỷģ
ӷһ룬֮ǰҪĶ࣬񷶦ƳΪĵҩҲʹǵݺỷʸѽΨǿ񷶦ڵľŸԪ񣬲ܰĵ
һŸԪ񣬸ⶦԭһġǶΪԪΪ٣ҵõⶦ֮Ҿˡ
˶٣ӷһ£˵ҽ֮ǰֵǶλ˵٣¯֡ؼ䣬컯䡣洫ΪΨΪΪʲô˼ѵǡûһǱͬʱõģΪΪѵƳΪĵҩ
ӷһתԲδ¯ȥ¯䱻պֵǸ¯
ôƳΪĵҩ֮ǰҲƹٵҩȴڱûΪҩļѽԪ񣬲㱻ƳΪĵҩĻһõǾŸԪǣȻǿҶܿ϶ǵΪ𾳽绹ʥ磬Ҳ̫ΣˣͷԲȥðǸգ
ӷΧŵ¯˼ȦȴûκƳΪҩķ
֮£ӷʩչշ棬˭֪ȻԶ˵¯֮ڣҡ䡱һ¯ȼ棡
ڵ¯ȼͬʱŸԿͼһתתּһɽģİͼڳ֡
ǵҩ䷽
ӷϲû뵽Ϊҩ䷽Ȼֵġңﲻһ䷽ѽ֣
ϴ赤ʹ̥ͨǣӵԴǰʣھ磬ɹʰٷ֮١ԭΪ
Ԫʮ깦ɹʰٷ֮ʮԽ࣬ɹԽףһʧܣ߽δ֮ǰΪ׶ΡԭΪ
Ԫʮ깦ɹʰٷ֮ʮԽ࣬ɹԽףһʧܣ߽δ֮ǰΪ׶ΡԭΪ
ֵҩ䷽ЧҲʧܵĻʣ
ӷͷΣԺΣ
ΪΪĵҩԼΪͽȥû뵽Щҩһûõϴ赤⣬֣Ȼǰٷ֮ܳɹģһʧˣԭеΪ˵˷ԭϣԭϣ伫ΪģӷɣЩԭϣϣһУ
ΪĵҩĹ࣬ʧܡΪڣһֵҩֻһİԶˣ˸Ҳһĵҩڡ
ܲôˣǰĵһƹٵҩҲһԭġӷ絽һ£ȻһЩԭϣȴ࣬ԪԭƳʮţԪԭƳš
ʮţɹʧʼһܰ٣
ӷȲЩҩƳ˵
ӷڲŷ֣ԭһսֻƵҩĹȴӷɱ˲ѽ


958 ɹʧܣһ
Ļڳӷҩ˵°빦ҲǰƵҩЩ顣
ʱĳӷƵҩǵѣࡣΪǰʲôҩӷ綼ҪȥƵģڣ¯ţĿǰֻ˵¯ˣΪӷڵԲδĲ񷶦ϳӷΪһͬӰĸֻҪԭϰ䷽ѭ¯ڣʣµģǵȴˡ
˵ƵҩֻҪԭϣûɵġɸǰò˵ӷԸʹڵȥƣΪǰƳĵҩûгɹʸʧʵģֻҪģͳͳЧڣˣˣҲһЧ
ӷ罫ԭϷ¯ںҲҪټǿʲôĻ棬¯ںСǸ¯ԶƵġ
ʱӷоһ¾ŸԪ񣬷һǳֵ飬ǾǣŸԪУ˸ղԼϵԪڰл֮⣬˸ԪͺƵģһҲӷԸоѾԼϹԪĻָԪĸоˣ˸ԪȴһоûУӷ罫ǰ˸ԪᶯλãҲ˿ķӦ
ô£ղǽģΪʲôһ㷴Ӧûˣ
ӷţѵڵһԪԼ֮˸Ԫͳȥ˵ŸԪ񣬲ͬʱԼʹģֻߣԼΪĳһ֮ԪŻѹĻҲ˵Լ治ҪȥʹһԪԼΪԼãһΣҪһ£ԪָԪԼΪûдﵽǵҪ֮ǰ޷һԪһԼԪ񽻻ģҲ̫ˣ˰ɡ
ôͷӷŲɵȥԪ񽻻ͷҲѽԳӷҲȥŸԪ飬ŸԪôأֻ߻ôӷҲ֮о
Ԫȷһߣһ£ӷҪǾǣԼôȥ
򳡴СĴ֮ڣӷ˸׳죬ȴûҵκεĳڣ֮£ӷֻԱһͭǰȴϣͭڷճԼͷϣʲô
ӷͭϸһ£һóӷһ
ȻǻڵģЩһȤûУôҵĶͷϣһҡ
һ£ʲô
ӷϸϸͭڣԼͷϵĶڿʮ󣬳ӷһ֤ԼͷϣȻ񷶦ɫĲ񷶦ӡԼĶͷ׼ȷ˵ӦӡԼüĴ
ӷɲӳȥˣиҲûʲô˵ģϾᣬѾǷǳձˣ˭ԼüĴһѽǷǳʵ޶Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ӷҪüĴĶɲܳӷô޷üĴĶֺҲóӷһˣ
һһ϶Ϊһѵ϶Ϊһģ˵Ļǲ˵񷶦ĳڣԼüĴ
İ޷ѽԳӷѧ˵㣬ͷҲ벻ͨģԼ˲񷶦Ԫ񣬿ɲ񷶦ĳԼüĴʣԼ壬ǴԼĸλطģܸӣѽͣңҲ֪ôдˣеѶǴˣǶģ
ӷͣҡͷԼüģţָôأ
ţͻȻӷüĴһ΢Ľ⣬漴ӷֻԼüĴĲ񷶦仯ΪһռƵģʱҪԼ壬ȫССĲ񷶦Сһ¾ˣʵĶģǶˣ
ðɣ벻ͨ飬ӷҲȥˣ񷶦ҲǵڵˣҲ֪һ㣬񷶦ڵһУѾǸûκιϵˣ仹еڵļ̳˴ڣҲѾ񷶦ûʲôϵˣ񷶦ˣԼ
ӷţȴ֪ʵ磬ǧѾ֣ΪѰҵ䶷ͷѪˣȴҲ֪ԭǵڵ䣬Ѿ䵽磬ɾͱӷõˣͬʱõ
˵Щһ֪ƳΪĵҩҲ֪ҪһصĹȥƣȴ֪ҪΪĵҩҪ񷶦֮ڣ񷶦Ѿʧĵ֮⣬ڵĵҲ֪ң񷶦ãɲƵҩô򵥡˵ӷĿǰ޷ȥò񷶦ڲЩ˵ǲȥãһӷΪܳܵסŸԪкβõĵ
ԼʵȴƫƫԱԼǿĵʱ񷶦ڵľŴԪ񣬾ǳӷԺˡ
Ҳ˵Ժĳӷ磬ȫˣĻҵҲУʲô㲻ˬҿǺãͿԼʵ㣡ôУ𣬲Ҳû취ѽӵһ㻻һԪ񣬾Ҫÿѽ㲻ѽ
ӷYYԺôȥЩǿʱ¯ڵĻѾʧˡ
ˣ
ӷߵ¯ǰҲʲôһתŵĿİѾֹͣתһһСŰ㣬˿ֻʮɫĵҩŽɫĵҩ¯ڹӷ֣ҩ
ʮɫĵҩǳСζػǰĴСŽɫĵҩͱȽϴһ㣬ͨҩͬĴС
ЩҩɢһʮŨҵ㣬Ʈɢ˴ÿһ䣬ӷŵ͸оڵҪ֮ǰ˳ˣӣ⻹ΪĵҩѽȳԣѾܸоССЧˡ
ʮʮ깦ĵҩʮ깦ĵҩȫɹĻҵΪֱͻ磬𾳽ѽ
룬ɹʮ𣿴ӦöϷϷУһϷǿװʱÿÿ԰ٷ֮ٳɹģǲܡϷɹΪƭǮЩҩ÷ɹΪʲô
еȱѽƬССأŲȱοǺеĶأ
ӣֻܿˣ
ӷɲɵȳʮ깦һŵĹԪһʧܵĻǸֱӶʲôڿûԭˣǰڷԭϣȫùˣԼȥҪңԻԼʮ깦Ԫɡ
ӷҲԥˣֱӳһȥоڵʼͣʮӵʱ䣬ӷ;ڵľۻʾȻǿʮĹ̼á
νȴӷֳ˵ڶţʮĹˡ
ţʮĹʮĹһóӷӻڵﻯڵġ
ƴˣֱӳһŹԪɣɹֱ˰ʮĹѽʮĹҲܵﻯڰɣ
ӷǰزʱҩ㣬۾һԪȥ
Ȼ䣬ӷоڵڴȵóӷ´ϲǿҵ⣬ӳӷɢӵǿʹڣߡ
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ѵ˵һ໰ѽӷʵ̲ס
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ڣҵĿ껹Զءƴһѡ
ӷֽһŹԪȥһΣӷɫ䣬񵽻ڵΪһӣֵ˻ڡ
ѽȥʱУڵʱͬҲС
ɣԪŹԪܹһʮĹ˷ˣ
ӷֱӸԼһ⣬̰ʲô̰ѽͲֱ˷һʮĹ
ɼȻѾ˷ˣǾͲ˷һΡ
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ŹԪһһĹͬһʱڳӷڱǿٶȣӷ绹һܵסء
ǿԴԴϵӷֻоԼҪը㣬ϥȶڴ
ԽԽǿ󣬳ӷɫȴһƬĲҰףͬʱγһÿ漴괺ӷ벻ľۻʾʱһĹľۻʾⲻҪԼ
ÿӷΣյʱ򣬻ΪʱҪ߻ħʱڵͻѣڣҲһ
ѣһʱͻס˳ӷȫеĽ˵һĹľۻʾͬ˰ڳӷڵĻص˵ͣ˵깦ʹľۻʾֹͣУ󣬰깦ӷٵںϡ
⽥ʧӷɫԽº󣬰깦ڵõ˹ޣӷȻһ𣬴ڡ¡һľۻʾǿһӷΪɹ˻ڡ
ðˣҸʱٳԹԪɣ
ڣ䲻ǳӷҪ󣬿ɼȻ񷶦Ϊĵҩӷ绹ʲô


959 ޱ䣬Ѫ
ӷ绺񹦣Ҫ񹦿񷶦ڣԱȥϾԼʱڳģɲҪΪԼʲô²źá
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ô£ղǵ˰깦ΪˣľۻʾҲǿѽΪʲôںľۻʾҲˣ
ˣôᷢ飬ղΪĹģڣΪȷǵ˻ڣûӣ˵ֻ֮صԭˮƽϣ
ӷɫԽѿ벻ͨ⵽ôһ¡
飬벻ͨӷȻȥˣŸԪ㣡⹦ӷҪԼɺܴӰģ
һĹһ£һĹѽϸһ룬ӦֻһѽǶ;Ѿͻ磬𾳽磬һţԼӦòɣǶ̥ͿʼΪҲĹԼ֮ǰĹŹԪİ깦ӦһʮĹŶԣôܽһأ
ӷԽԽˣ֮ǰû⣬ϸ֪ԼһĹȴֻӻڣ᲻һЦô˵һĹɲ˶ܵõģԼ׾͵õˣȴû𵽸еЧ
ӷ֮һ˭벻鷢ˣӷ벻ǳԶɽڴˣҲ벻ġ
ӷǸհԼһѵȻһγ֣һ֣Ȼڿٵųӷڵڼ֮ڣͽӷڵȫˣʹĳӷȫһڵϣһվ˵ûˡ
⿪ʲôЦΪڣȻΪʧǱϵƵģŹԪɾ͵İ깦ȻҲصˣʲô˼ѾǲǶӶˣ˸˵ѽ˳תתҲ㣬ܸˣһΣһ֣ȻֱӽȫɵˣʹΪʧɢѾĵʲô˼
ӷݺݵȴһ㷨ûУ˼صԼڣһֱΪԼ޷ȥӱ˵ǼԦˡԼȴ֪ǿһɷǳǿҲǷǳΣյڣ֪ˣĺΣգȻʼˡ
ǳҶеʲô⣬㱳ǰɣѾĸҲҳŲ϶ýԪѾġԣԪָܲѾģңΨһһԼʹĽԪûָ
ô죬ڿôΪáΪ׾ٵð깦Ĺ˴ûдﵽеЧǰԼһѽܱҪðɡ
ʵӷĵղǰ깦ԼȷǵõˣΪҲȷˣɾΪͬʱȻڰһ󲿷ֵĹʹĹֻӷһ𣬷ҲҪɽڲŶѽ
صȻڰŹԪ͵һ󲿷ֹζʲôǲ˵ѾʼжˣŹԪĹϵֻ֮ǰԪӷڵĹϵʹڳӷΪδ۷֮ǰѾʼˣ
صʲôõģ㣬ƶ֮ǰѾ˳ӷ磬صֻóѪѵԿװˣȻص춯ͬε˳ӷλ˵ǲ˵
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ͬʱ񷶦ڣ֮ڣȻ˽⣬ڵĽⲢǾŸԪģڷġ
ڵϵĳӷʹ֮࣬Ŀ֮ϣȻһ͵Уﲻˮһ֮ڣǿҵ׵磬漴һ޴⣬֮˳ӷϡ
ӷдǿǿ޷ݣԼδǿ
ԼȣǼֱС׼ף̫˼ˣ⵽ǹôǴʲôطģΪʲô񷶦֮ڣ
ӷڶѾȫʹ࣬ױȵ׾ˡ
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׵Ϸȴһ׵ӷҲѾоǿȻĽԼڣԼһƬհʱǿҲʱҪռԼƵġ
⣬ӷ绹оԼȫѪҺʧѪҺʧͬʱֺһȫµѪҺԼڣѪҲǵ㣬һءµĸо
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˵ԼڵѪʼѣǲţѪȫ֮ԼΪֱͻ磬𾳽磬٣ҲҪ۷ľɡ
ˣôϷгֵģһʲô
ӷ˫۾ĿУвľţѵǡ֮Դ
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ţ⵽һʲôȻƹ㣬ֱ֮Դ
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960 ɱ
Լ֮⣬µ˻δ뿪ⶼѾüСʱˣЩһǴ⣬ӷ粻֣ǾԼңԲ뿪ѾôˣǱŭĻ˹ˣȻڳǱ߶޶Ҳ֤µ֮ǰ˵ȷģҲΪԼЩҪսӷʲôҲ붪ѽ
үӵ˱ΧڴԺУλүӿֻڿսʱԴձͶ󣬼λүӻδ飬ȻӶѾˡ
쵰С˸ӣΪµ¼ļ̳ˣ͸й֪Ϊǻʾ׵ġ
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˿̣ҪʱϷһȱڣȴϣµ̣һʱ䣬һ֮˹ȥ
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961 ǿߵ·
ӷʵµһһ̩ɽʱû˵ʱأҲز˳̶ѽҪ֪µҲףǱߵһȲϣĵ죬ҲȲǰͱ׿л԰ĸʵ򣬸ӱȲ˹Ǹ˴֮⣬µҲһеĶˣ˵ڵλȻɵʱ̩ɽʱûӷӵűԼҪǿ
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ӴƵס˰µȥ·µȻͷֻһ⣬Լ˹Ǿ߱˰µܲסӷ粻һˣҲʱѵøԼһοڣܽµɱĻǳӷ绹治˼̣ϾŮˣΪԼѾˣ
ڵĳӷһɱµҲܲʲôˣǼҪԵģȻˣǾȥ֮ǰϣ֮ǰȴϴһȱڰɣӵеĲ񷶦ĳӷ磬ѵЩһﲻɣͻǿߣһȥ֮գǼǰڡ
ǵصѹŰµ壬µʲôγӷɱԼ
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ӷ뵽ţͻһת
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ڣҲһµû֣ҪýԪƾӷΪԽһɵ
쵶ն飬ӷ粻ʱ䣬ϾµһһǵĻŮˣҲ˵ӷɱµ֮Ů˸ɱ򣬵ǵĸֹӷ޷ýԪ֮£ǻǵ
ӷ磬Ǳ̬ʲôʱӵǿµ⣬ӷɲشҲش
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ǳҵˣ˵ĲһǺãúýѵѵ󱲣֪ʲô𾴳
˵ѣҳӷУôôǿҳӷҲ塣


962 
˵ĵ˲һԼѣ˵ѣԼĵˣңе֣ΪԼҪԵֵʱ򣬵˵ѾͻվΪԼ谭ԼǺܲģ
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˵ʵʱѶսһǳǵѡ񣬸Ӳǳӷ˻ѡ񡣵ԼŮ˱۸ˣԼǰǣ»ģʣ⻹һԣʲô֮£죬ӷ綼ɱµ˭Ҳס
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ڳΧ˵ȫأеķޱؼһα仯ŵĵܣĴҷɣͬһ죬ͬ飬Ǿ춯ص飬ʣ໹࣬ĸܵѽ
ôܣϤǡ
۵ɫΪѿΪԼƲ⣬飬ҲҪһŻᷢɣڣȻǰˣԼӶʲôû·ģô᲻Ծ
ӷѪˣȫˣⲻѽôᷢ飡
֣һʲôԾĵطҪҪȥ
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ŵŵģҹУܼУȻͻһɸǿȳӷҪǿ
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963 Ų
ǿһ֣һǴӳӷģ޾ƻһ߾磬Իأڶȴǳӷ̼ԴҲ֮ԴԴ̫յӷڱҪǿĽϣ˵һŵȣ¾ŵȣҲδصֵסԣʱŵǾţ֪Լòó֣
ѵǳҶеǴڱǿƻʵ̫ˣϸǿ֮ԴȻӷ˵վ͸˹ӷΪ׵һôľ磿
ŵɣӷпܲڳ֮£ǲô֮ԴģҲֻǵȳԼǿߣ㹻ʸô֮Դ
ѹֳ˵ķĽӶ治ˣԭˣڣǳҸƭˣӷ磬һֱССֵĴ·йķˣɵӷߵһλúеĵˣҪȥˣ
ҹ˼ѽ̵ķĳ
ȻվŵλãȻ˲ͬӷ鶼ССַ֣ȥأؾ֮ʱ˿ӷԿˣַֺγǳ۵ģѣһˣѣһɳ죡ҵҰģһ磬пܻڣ
ŵȻɣӷʮĹ¶ʵҲǳҹⰲŵģΪģǵõ۵ĴУΪ۵ĴߣȻȻһĵλµʱ绻µۣӷ綼ʸȥ
ŵڵ뷨֤һ£ԭνҲֻǾ֮ܶѡư磬ƿ磬ң
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ڵĳӷɲ̫ܣǲܣǳʹ࣬Ϊӷں飬ǳ飬ΪʲôΪģΪӷΪԶԶŵǰǿ󣬲ǿʵʵֵĻģһǳӷ磡
𾳽磬˼ǵĳӸͻûǵȾ磬Ҳһ㱾ǮûУ٣ڲ񷶦ڵǳʣʹĳӷΪֱ۷徳磬Ҳ澳е߲Σɽٺڣ
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ʼѽ׵ĶԶԼӷ绹ҪԼŬȥͻؿҪͻ磬𾳽磬һҪԵѹأɾǴ˵еˡɾȹ٣ҲܾʽΪԴߣԯǶǶȹٵĸ֣ǲ֪ԴߵĴڣ߾ĴڣԳӷ룬֮һҪʲôѵѹأܽ𾳽磬ȥӴ֮Դ
Դߣʵ̫Ѹ˰ɣҲѹԴ߻֮٣
ӷ֪ԼʵԲŵȵĶ̶֣˲񷶦񷶦棬֮Դչ
ȻŵȼӷȻӵǿɫղŻ˵Ҫѵӷ磬ڣƨҷˡ
Сƾʵ򲻹㣬һŲ
Ұڳųôᣬ鷳һ㣬֮жԶԶ֮ԴʵǶסˡ
ӷţŵȵʲôʱŻһ̵ˣɫѿԼɫͺÿ𣡵ŵڸûȥעӷɫѾǿ֮Դӷ籾ӵеǿƻסˣ
ˣҲȫɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬ǻƴţǼ
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Ȼƴţ֪۷ʵֻ漶е۷ˣҲ۷壬Գӷǿ֮ԴȻԶԶԽǵ
׵İĶеˣ
ӷȻǿƵ֮ԴôͲܰ;ϣܣһ̾ͶסˣĹҲҪõأɣҼʶһ£ǿߣǿһôĵز
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⻰ӷ綼еĪ
ѽû̹˵ǰ㣬ǵʱڵһսһᱻˣⲻڴ̼ңڴ
ɼȻԷˣӷ˳⣬Ҳ̫Ů˰ɣ

ӷһЦǿװĴЦʵѾĳ嶯ˣѹʵ̫ˣȥҲҲҪзϣ
ٷϻߣ
ӷ籩ŭһǿ֮Դӷڱǿƻͬʱŵѹȥ
ǵأ磡
ŵһת񲻳ǰҲɱģɱ㲻ûô磬ѪϴɵϲŸأ
ӣȲˣǻټġڡ
ৡ
ŵȻΪһ⣬תȥ˵ǡܣ
ͬʱӷһ֮ԴʱʧڵƻҲӷջأӷϿУͬһʯ㣬ȥ
Ůˣôһ㣬ҵ𣬻ʲôȥɱµ
ӷҲƲŹµģӷҪɱˣҲܲˣ㣬Ҳضȡͷ


964 ֣ͬ޳
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ӣĽͲǱȽϺģû뵽Ҳ񷶦һ֣Ҳǣ񷶦Ҳδ̫أ̫ǿ˵ɣһŵ棬Ƿ츲صĴڣ


965 Դ֮
ɻһȴһţ񷶦ʲôطŸԪôܣֿǿĴڣ浱δѽ
ӷ粻̧ͣͷϷޣ治֪һﵽ۲ۣѾһСʱȥˣû˿Ĵ㣬ǻ᲻ͣϷǻˡ
еȫʯŴԪϥʯ֮ϣ˵ĳڻָԪ֮⣬˸Ԫ񣬾ͺһּ״̬һҲо
ڲͣתţӷ綼ʼͷۻˣѾĵ׻ûˣ˵תëɣͣѽ
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ӷ̲סⲻãһֻڴĲͬط˵⣬ЩûκνģҲͬһʱģһһ֮䣬ԵļΪÿ
ӷվûлҳһҲûУͬһ԰ԲҪȥĴûвɾĶ
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ӷ缯еľǱ۾ھۼһʱȻ۾ſڵĶ
ǣȻһ飬ÿһ֮ڣһ飬ЩӺǹϣɱҪϵĶ࣡
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ӷ绰䣬ǰһӷѾ䣬Ļȥã
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ƺڵĹؼȻΪһģ֮ǰЩһγһһţӳӷĿڡӷ塣
ͬʱӷԺУȻ漣ĳһĹؼԳӷ֪⹦Ͳ֪֪Щڣ˵ͲʲôѽһͬĴڣ˵еЩ
Դ֮
ڳӷԺг˼֣ͬĴڣΪԴԴ֮
֮Դ֮޾
ɣҪ֮ԴģëɣѵÿҪ񷶦֮ԴĻмѽ
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ˣ⣬Դӷ籾ȴ޷Ӵ֮Դ˵񷶦֮ԴȥԵеĻǲ̫˵㣡
ӷţַһȤ顣
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֮ҲȫĽľˮмǲͬģΪ֮ˮ֮֮֮֮
ÿһַΪֲͬĹͣ˵ǹ
֮Ϊи硣УԷγķ֮˷ˣʹĵĻᶼûУ籩˼壬γһɾ޴磬ƻһС
ˮ֮ΪˮˮˮСˮΧסˣʹĵϢĿܶԣΪˮֻǱ澲棬ȴǲӿˮƵˮҲǲܵģֻҪ֮Դ㹻ǿ
֮Ϊɻɻ𣬿κεطʳ˻㣬ȥɵˣ𣬾ͬɽ㣬֮󣬿֪
֮ΪݸơݣȻһظ֮öͣƣ𶯴أֻͬҪ֮Դ㹻ǿһݶ⡣
֮ΪǿҲܶͣı飬޴䣻ǿγһСıɽϷֱѹˣѹΪֹ
֮У֮ıǿΪǿ󣬿˵ֻҪʩչ˳ͻһջܲЩǿʥǿߣҪ֮Դܲܵһĳ̶ˣ
⣬֮Ҫ֮ԴҲͬģӷ֮֮ȵĲΣÿһҪ֮ԴͬҪʹ֮еıǿĻӷܽ񷶦֮ԴҲܲסǿ
ǿǿ񷶦ĿǰҲֻʹ֮


966 ǻŮŵ
һ˵ʹԴ뿪˲񷶦ӷڶе㻳ɣǲ񷶦ǲʲôѽôʲôȫģҩгɹʸʧʣ֮ԴֻΪԼգڵһԴҪȥʩչ
˵¾;⣬ҲҪһȫһɣ٣ģһѽ
ûϵҾ͵ǸҲðҵľŪѽһϱԼǿĶ֣ȥƴģƾǿӦģټԼľۻʾֻҪϵǿߣ۷ΪҲԼƽƽ
ڿɺãҲ֪ԺûмԦǾƶ֮ǰ佱㣬ڣ޲ðˡǸµĻ
ѾǴˣӷ⼸춼ڷûгԷͽȥģΪӷҲˣƣʵ񷶦һ鶼ûУ
ӷ磬춼ѾˣǴڷƲѽѾͷ˵һȥKպΪǸӷ硣
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ǺãҲȥܾǸŮ˿ͦģ벻ʲôطҲ֪
߳ԼҴԺתһ䣬ӷͼŵȣվһǺ«ǰڿƵģһıǺ«
ŵѾϲһˣûȹӣҲûȨȣһװ磬Ͻ֣Եĸۡ
Ҳڵһʱע⵽ǸŮӣӱϿͲǺܴѽʮӣһŮˣôӵǿԣڳӷ֮ϡ
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Ȼŵȱȳӷ˺ܶ࣬Ϊϳӷ˲񷶦Ĺϵŵȴӷ統һҪǿǿߡ
һᣬᣬпܻġ
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Ϊ㣬Ҷɱˡ
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ˣҲõģŴᣬǾͻΪѵġͻؼҵŰɣߵʵҲǸǵġ
䣬ŵʧˡ
̴վԭأ˿ʲôЦС˵ˣ˻þǻŮŵѽ


967 ֮
ǽ⡣
ӷһô֮ϣ΢ɢȴûһʼ񷶦Ͼθǰϲͬӷֻȸŵȵݣ˵ݶǾԵĺܳԿˡ
ȻڵðŮ˲ΪԼĵƵģ˵ҪԼΪѣڳӷԣԵĺ֣Ҳ⡣ϲŮ˵ͻȻ֣Űµ͹ˣΪŮ˵ĳ֣ðµܣӷҲѾȫ˵ˣȴַ飬벻ͨ
һŵȲ֪ʱ˳ӷĴ֮ϣ࣬ҶȴΪĹϵѾˣڴ컹δûôµҶӡ
ӷоǹǿȴûתΪӷҪһظУöԷԼϸظСַҲܳɹŵΪƷǿߣԳӷԴ߶δͨˣûԴǰνߣֻͨ˰ˣͬϰĴڣ̫СˣɾСˣʹŵȲ
ӣȷҺܳԾΪ׽͸һףһߣ㵽ôģ
ŵȵӷŻת˵ʵҲûôǿЩǿߵҸͲʲô
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ʱŵȵͷ˵ڶӷ簵һЦû뵽ЩǿߣҲԪ񻽳ȻˣǾ͸ɡ
ӷͬԪһһԪԣԣŵȵԪȳӷԪҪǿܶ࣬ңӷԪŵȵԪȥһֿĻᶼûУŵһݣҪɱӷĻҲ̼飬ŵȸ𣿲ңҲңΪɻ䣬һȻǳңǿһ綼޷ԵĴڣȲ˵ģǰҳôɱǬȷ沿ӣ㣬ŵģߣ˭ܿ϶ǰҳֵĸ־ǳҵȫҲֻһְˣԣŵȲɱӷ磬ȥҽ𡣵ڶ㣬ǳӷǿ̼֮ԴǹƻأֽԼص֮ãûоϣŵȾţӷΪ۷壡ǣ۷Ϊ֮ԴһԴ߶֪ǲܵģԲܣ
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ɲôŵڴʲôע⣬ӷ綼ҪǿֻҪǿƣʸŵǿߡ
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ӷ񷶦üĴĽ֣ת
ͬʱŵȴͻһǿҪնҪѹƵģҪϣ֮Դˣ֮죬˵գۼ顣
ŵȽԪһգٺˣӷҲԪջأǿ֮ԴѾ˳ӷȫΧһУ·ȫֹҲֹͣ
ΪʲôҿΪ
ŵɫޱ䣬Ʒǿ˵ȻӷڵΪһôľ磬ǿ֮ԴԼʼϢҪôĴڣӵǿôǿ֮Դ
ʵӷԼ֪񷶦֮ԴжôǿʲôԴߣ̶ֳȵ֮Դ
ڣӷҲ벻̫࣬ΪǿƵ״̬չŵȵǰԹԵĽݸ
Դǿ˵Ӧòİɣ
ʲôȻԴ
˵⻰ʱŵȶеЦȻӷ̼ǿ֮ԴԴʲôֵģ
²˿Ĵ⣬ԴɲͨĹһҲûлأǽأֻ߽֮Դľ򣬲һԴղصģ֮ԴͬС˵еСɵ㣬鷢һѪʧ
֮֮С
ųӷ罫֮ʩչͬĴڣʹŵȵΧʼ磬粻ȴǴ˷ŵȴÿһ磬а㣬ŵֻöߡ죬ͷȻһбৡͷһ紵ϣ
ʲôԴ
ŵһʵ˫ֱߴӡһ⣬ȫΧǶư㣬˷ķȫס絶еķûûƵģ֮ϣңԽԽ죬ԽԽǿŵ⣬ҲķʱһãŵȵȻᱻǸʱŵȵ壬ǸˣķĴݲţ
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ǵĳҲѽ֮ᷴɳӷ磬ΪϾһսֻ֮ṥˡ֮֮ԴȴӷѾ𽥿ʼɳӷˡ
ӷȥͲȽŵȴܣԼҪ֮Դ֮ˡ
ӷҪЧѾﵽˣ֮Ĺ˵ŵǿ߶ǺѵֵģӷѾ㹻ǿŵǰشԼ⡣
񷶦һأǿ֮Դʧ֮Դûˣ֮ҲȻֹͣ
ӷɫ԰ףŵֺγǣ
֮Դ˵˵ûûӷ磬㵽ô쵽ģֵԴǴѧģΪʲôδţδ
ӷǲܣȴЦ
ǲ񷶦ڵԴǿߣҲƲ֪ģ
Ļӷ粻˵ڣߵϢڵϢǿЦܽӵסҵԴȻش⡣ںˣ㣬Ӳס
ųӷ⻰ŵȾԼԳ۰㣬ʱҲ˵ͬ˼Ļȴȳӷ࣬ԼסԴ˭ܽӵסУ˵ȵĿŵǰδ˿̵ĳӷ磬ֺγǿ˼㣬ı˵˵ǲǸûţ


968 Զ֮1
ŵȵɫǳѿԼŮΪѾƷľ磬Ⱦ粻绹Ƕ磬ѾǸȻĴˣҪٽһǿɱʲôѣŵ֪УΪԼ֮ϵȻУҲ춼ǣ͸˵ңɼʥˣ
뵱죬Ǭǰ沿ͨѵķӡ磬ŵȼ߸۷徳ĴڣһʥǿߣЩǿߣȴȫɱʱŵȼȥԼ۾
߸۷徳Ļ˵ʥǿڳǰҲ˵ĲŵȲŻη壬޷ȥ󣬳۵Ϊһôĵز
޷Գ۵֮£ŵȾӳӷ֣ϾЩνҪΪδ룬ǬǿҵвܱǬӵĿ£ܽҵĻ磬ʳѰġ
ڣŵһʧˣ̴ˣû뵽ǳԼӦӷ磬ԼҲӦġСӱϵΪ۷壬ȴʩչԼҪǿԳӷڵǿƣŵ֪Լ޷ӳӷ֪ʲôˡ
Ȼŵȳ˱ӷס֮⣬Ҳѳӷ̫ˣڳҵ飬ӷ̳ˣڶ֪Ѫ״һôӷҲֻ֪֪Ѫ֮ͻȻһǿƻƻӷ绹֪ôãҲĿǰҲֻŻһ˰ɣ
Դǿϵֵסʱһܵģһҡ
ŵȺ֪֮Ҳ֪ӷԴжôǿղŲǳӷɢȥ֮ԴĻԼλǻŮ񣬾Ҫڳӷ֮ˡ
Ȼˣǲǽݸˣ
ŵȿųӷ˫۾ǿҵɱ⣬˼ھԼ㲻شҵ⣬Ĵ𰸲Ļǽ죬ҲͲ뿪ˡ
һһʲôʱܵ˵вŵԮԼԸӷˣҲ
Ҹ㣬𣿡

ӷһ䣬еɱ⣬ʱʧ
ŮˣԭԼе죬Լ벻ʲôطˡ
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ôһ仰ţϵѽȥϵֻһַ۴̣ӵˣ
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Ǭ磿Զ𣿡
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˵ϣ˵ǬӡٴѣʹǸǬ˵һεײǸǬǿߣѾ磿
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ΪʲôҸоǵĴڣǸǬǿˣΪʲôؼһ򶷵ļûУѵ罫Ǵˣ
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ȷǴˣ磬ȴֵĻᶼûС
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ŵޣ˵ӣĿľΪ֪Щڿɵã㣬㷴ˣ˭ǳҵļ̳ѽ
ŵʼɣǰСӸǸðĳҼ̳ˣȻôܻ᲻֪Լĵϸ
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969 Զ֮2
ӷŵһһأŵλŮͷ·մҳ㣬˫ӱ濴Ѿ䵽˵棬ֻгӷ֪ʵ壬ûнӴ棬һһľ롣
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ӷҲǿЦһ£㳢ԣԼô͸أǸѧ֣û뵽ŵȵǰף
˵ĶԣڵȷϵеƶġǶʢڣŶ򣿶磿룬㲢ǵܼİɣ
ûҪʢӵȫǹ˭첻˵ÿһΪһģкܶ޷ģЩǷ򣬾ͬЩ֪ͨǣǣľһ˵ֻ򣬲ʸΪһ硣֪ĿǰʢӣĴϵģӵǧ磬ǵǬ磬ڶʢ֮ڡ
˵еˡ
ʲô⣿
һĴϵôֱģڶÿһϵӵŶ磬ôģЩȻγɵģԼģǣ綼֪ǿ߽Ĵϵͬ࿪ģ
ŵٿЦһ£˵⣬û˿Իش㡣ҲԼģԶţԶ֮ǰһġ
ӷţȻһģôͱȻһഫĴڰɡڵ粻֪𰸣û𰸵ĴѽӣⶫʢӣϵӦöԼ󲻵ǿڹģɾҪһôλ棬ܹһϵأ᲻̫̬˵㣡оǣ񷶦ǰˣǸڣݺģҲ˵Ĵϵڣ֮ԿôһﶼݺĴӣĴʼߣֻһôĴڣ
ӷ˲񷶦гֵĹģôһ仰֪η嫳嫳һôĴڣ
ˣû˵һ嫳Ĵڣ߽С
ŵҡͷûӦòİɣ
ܰɣֻʡ˵
ȻѾĴӵˣھ͸ʵɡ
˶٣ŵȼ˵ഫԶʱڣĶʢһδս
սǲǬĴս
ԶԶֹʱĴսʮӴʢǧ֮Ĵսսʼԭû֪
ʲôǧ֮ĴսҪֱӽʢӸˣ
һ£ǵǬ֮ĴսѾܿˣǻ綼ɾ޴˺οǧĴս˵ȽϷ绯ĻԳΪһսˣսѽ
ҸճΪǻŮʱҲһ뷨Ծԣ㣬ҲͲǵĴˣǧ磬ʹݻ˵ʱĴսСڵʱ磬ǸǬ翪սģ˵Ǭ磬ԶʱʱѾˡʱǬҲǿ󣬲ʲô棬Ҫǿдǣǵڣؼʱ̣Ů洴֪ʲôطŪһ߲ʯޱߵǬǿ߸˻ȥǿķӡͬӡʹ޷ȥǬ磬ǬҲ޷磬Żĺƽ
ȵһ¡
ʲô⣿
˵Ů洴ޱߵǬǿ߸˻ȥ·ӡղ˵ǬʵԶ֮ϣʣŮ洴ʱôǬǿ߱ƻȥģô·ӡģޱߵΪʲôֱӽǬˣ
ŵȱӷһסˣ˵Сô⣡һش㡣
Ȼشˣشʵ꽫ǬǿߴȥҷӡͬڵģͲŮ洣ǽ˵Ű쵽ģ˵Щ̫ìˣһִ򲻹˼ңһֿԷӡס˼ңֱоǣ˵Ů洲֪ʲôط˿߲ʯ룬ǿ߲ʯҲһǰŮ֮˸ģź𣡡
ŵȵ£ӷ൱ıӣʲôʲôѽ߰ģ֪Ǽ٣
ôǻʲôԼȥɡ
ŵȿʼˣҪˡ
ӷЦǻŮҿЦ˵ɡ
˵ʲôûʲô˵ˡ
˵ǧսôˣ
⻹ʣȻûˡҲΪʲôûˣ͸ΪʲôҪսһΪʲôͻȻֹͣսҲ֪Ҳû֪
ӷȻȥŵȣȻԼѾµǧֹͣսˣӦþŮ˵УҷӡͨڵǿߣڷӡѣǬǿѾɱһ˵ǱԼҸˣǲǴԶʱڵǧսҪʷˣǬĶֻǸǰ࣡

һ£
ӷһתǰǬǿߣǱԼҸģǹ綼ֵסǿߣԼҸ̼ˡ⣬⡭ôɣ
ӷɲɵǳʲô鶼ܾһȻԶ˰ŮǿУͨڣԼǬһǿߣ˵ʲôʱŮ洵ˣòԼȰɣ
ҲѽԼүүôԸ˭֪ѽǻĵȥʲô𣬾Բᣬ˭ҲŵģӷԼšɼȻүүûǸ˵ģΪʲôҪ֮ǰǬǿߣ
Уȥ֮һҪ¸ʸףȻȷӡѣǬĴɱԼ㲻ôһأ
µǽˣкܶ⣬ŵǻش˵ģӷҲû׷ʱ䣬֪⻷е粼֣ԶʱڵĴս˵֪¶һ룬һһ룬ȴϵԼң᲻ᣬүүףܸԼȫȷĴ𰸣
ӷںڴȥȥ֮ǰԼҪͻ۷徳磬𾳽磬ŵȶˣ׼ϣԼ֮ĶԹλ˾˵ĳЩսʿ֮һҪҪ𣬾ҪöԸ׼
ӷһŶԸǱˣȴˣߣһвǾ磬磬пܻϵ磬Ͼߵ񣬿ɶǴȥģ


970 ̽׻
콥ӷŵھǴϣһһ񲢼У̾Ŀ⡣
˵ӣǲǿԸıһ£
ıӣʲô˼
ᣬû˼ֻ㲻ΧЩ˵ͨᣬŮһ·˵ġعˡģ˵Щ̽ʲôʱͳˡӷ粢ǻŮһ֣Ͼе̫ζˣһˣȻһ֣һǳҲŵλһôλ棬磬ŵȵͷĸңʮǿأ
ǰĳӷζ벻ԼȻһŵһ֣˵ϵѽҮѽʲô˹ѽʲô˹ѽѾʲôʱÿգҲѧѧ˼ŵȣͨˣǳҹ
ӷֱЦŵҲǲƵģ˵Ҿӣܸıġ
Ȼ㲻ͲɣҲ֪ûӵı£ʮ֮ġŵȣǶʥ
ϣӦòİɣ
ӷͻȻһ仰ŵͣ˽Ųʵʲô
ŶҲûʲôֻǷҵ㶫ʱ䣬һȥֻġ
Ƿʲôˣǻ
Ҫ˵ʲôôһ仰ӷѾ֪һԼҪϣȲ˵᲻֣ǰλǻŮ񣬵һŹԼ
֪е񣬿ЩǷծҪǲе˵ȥˡңҲҸ˽˶ԹֵܲĻٲĺô
ŵȿųӷ磬ΪǻŮĻ᲻֪ӷͻȻԼʲô
ʵֻʣս᲻ְˣαôתĨأ
Ǿǰ˵𡭡Ŷԡ
Ҳ¸㡣˵ǽֻ͢߿л԰Էһ磬᲻ܵġˣеļɲйڣÿһĪĹϵ˵ȫǴǼгģ뵽ǼɾҪϼҡ㣬붯ǳҵϼңǳһô
ŵһʣӷЦһ˵Ȼ٣١ҪģûģҲҪ𡣡
ǾͶˡ
ڣ˶ǳҵϼңгоԵĨɱԷ壬ȮҶϼңҪԷңǾ͵ڶԷҡãĴۣ᲻̫˵㣿
ŵЦһ˵ڻʱĻҲҪܵȥ˰ɡ
ʲô˼
ǰǬǿǰ䱻ǳҸˣ˭ܱ֤Ǭǿ߲ڶࡣҲ֪Ѿ˵һεײǾָʲôʱڶΣΡȻҲ֪ǳΪʲôҪôĵɱǬǿߣȻѾˣز;ϰɡ֮㸸׳ۣûʱٹӵˣʱ̷ֹǬǿϮ
ӷһҲԣǬǿûʱԼλҲûôԼѽοڡ
ڵĳӷ˲񷶦ȻʹҪһĴۣҲ㹻Աˣ
ѵΪҳӷңʲôҪûڵʱҵȷǶǳҵͬˣйѾȶҵѪѾѣ㲻ƾԼʵһʱֵ³˿ɾ̫ûˡҲˣ磬һһһ֣֮ǶߣôȥЦǡ
磿ѽҵ¸ˡϼһĴߣֻҪǲΪУϼһҲվߵġߺߡ
ŵһЦóӷ粻Ȼ
˵ۣӷ绹
ʶۣ
Ȼʶ
ܲܰҽһ£
ûҪ㲻ȥҲġ
ңɶ˼
ӷŵѾ¶ЦҲ˵ⷽˣıǣס˱ӡ
һ£ҲǷǳҪһ£ӷҪ
ЩǲǸߵһ֮ǰȶȹ٣
ţһģҪȶȹٲܷͳˣĳʵǳΪԴߣͻ۷壬ǿ֮ǰ֮⣬оһ顣
ʲô飿
ǡˣΪ˵۷壬ӦѾԴˡȻѾ˵飬㻹ʲô
ֻ֪ûʲôһ
ǳӷʵģҲŵȿе֪ھ֮󣬻оôĿܳΪԴߣǿ֮СɳӷҲֱѽȻ͵ڸŵȣԼΪ۷壬֮Դʵҽһģ˵ĻŵȾͲὫԼˣӷҲɵôܽԼĵڲԶᣬ׵ˣڲ񷶦ܣӷҲ˵ġ
ûʲôһģҲ˵һ
һʲô˼ǲ˵ÿһԴڳΪԴ֮ǰ飬ǲͬģĻǳӷҲҪʲôˣʱ֪ˣǸʱҲ̫ãٹƻڳʱҲ˵ٹ󣬾ѹˣʱ䣬ҲʮҰɣ


971 KTV¼
ĳKTVӷڽӵ̵ĵ绰󣬾ʹŵ
ʱ䷢ʵ̫࣬ϻƴţǼҲܸӷ̫ãȼʱһͻ᷵ŵġλȥˣԣͳʱ䣬һ棡
ߣ˼׵ĳ֣ҲԼִһϣӣȻѾͷãҪҸʱ䣬һ˵ȥ棬պþ͸ƴţǾһ
ӷŵȽǵһɵۣ
ţûиӷôλǻŮˣҲ̫ĸ˰ɣ
ӷͲ֪ѾϳŵȣڽֻǸĽһ£˵λʶѣ
νѣΪ˺֣ܶѸѣŵڳӷУһðƵѣӷҲŵȵĿж˽һ飬ν֪֪˰սʤϣ飬ҪֵģʱŵܽһЩǿֶθԼĻԼӦҲаնˡ
Ȼӷ绹һ㣬ǾǣλǻŮΪԼõĻǸһߣպҲ°빦ˣ
뷨ӷĿǰûκΰգϾҪһڹ֮Уһôѵѽ
ڣӷҲţûа첻飬ֻҪץסЩĶ̴ãǻǻʲôɡ˵һȱǮˣ̰ǮˣֻҪ㹻ĽǮͻΪһɫˣֻҪ㹻ŮˣҲΪˣһͬ㣬һ󣬵˵ǵͨҪٵĶ࣬Ҳֻһɣ󣬳ӷպþͰĵҲǳӷΪʲô뷨ԭ򣬷ڱʲôûе֮£޷Է֮£뷨
ڣԼҵĵ⼸ĵȫȻӢǲֵطģڼλү飬ھְλһ°ɣϾʮǰľ񣬾뿪ʮ꣬ȳһȣڣһٴνӣʱӳĳ
ڣŮŵ質һƵģ˼׶֪ʲôˡ
С͹ſӵ˼ףǰûȥưɣTKVֵطǵһָоܲζɼȻҶһԼԼˣҲ뿪ѽ
ŵȾ͸Ťˣ֪ӷԼֵطͲӦøǻŮһܲǵѡǾǣܴܲӳӷϣõԼҪĴ𰸣һҲá
ƴţ˵ơƣеװˣǺȰ׾ƵȴӣȻѾͷźơƣǲѽ
ڵWCǬռˣҲơƺȶˣһWCƴţ˼ֻ֮ܵWCȥˡ
һߵĳӷ磬ʲôʱӷȴһɫʾʲôҪʡ
΢΢˵ͷٿһŵȣŮһ𣬻治ǸζΪͲµһӷϣΪӢ۸λ˾˱ʱЩһֵġȻˣǳӷΪʲôҪŵһִڣԼֶԷ˵ѽһԷɾ鷳ˣ
Ȼ̲֪ĳӷѾ磬Կʱ񷶦ĴڣҲóӷŰʱ£ӷȴܸ̣Ҳܸκˡ
顣
ű˸һ˿ʹİڵȫתͷȥѾģĸ۵ļһȻԼЩڵİţⲻ
һŵģȻǻƴţСӵͷȫʪˣϵ·Ҳʪһ룬һķŭҪɱˡ
ʵСӸʲô
ƴţŭģˣWCһˮȫȥ
WCһˮ
ӷһЦǬȴǰȴЦ˳˵ǾѽλСȻҲгԱʱá
ģŲ㣿
Сţѽɲŭˮȥѽ㲻Ǻ𣬷ټľû˸𡣽ôˣĸ۵Ļ쵰ȻǵСţү
ӿˣѾˡȥСһ£ͻȻ˴ģͽȥһᣬû뵽˾Ȼ浹ˮõģʱӰҲû
ӣȻһֻűӣʵţ磬òǸҲûɣ
˵ʲôأҲǰ׳աţȫӳȥȥģҵˣҪС
ʱſڣˣ꣬һһݣ꿴ƱȽ˹ģһ˫۾ڳӷ˵ɨһȦȿһ۳ӷ磬Ȼֿ˼ףСӸŮˣԼڷɻϼ
λʵڲ˼
ȻǳӷؾʱڷɻǸ٣ʱ˼״ڨ˼ûһۡ
ӷҲǵһ۾ϳ٣ϵˣǺѰ׵ġ
λѣʲô𣿡ӷʵҲȽϿٿǰСӣϴ̫򵥣ûνƣҲʲôӸ磬ԼǰȴԼſڼҵСӣʲôˣʲôݣ
ٿһߵСȻֿһһŭĻƴţ˵ǸλѺȶ˵ƣղWC鲻СİˮλϣԣصشǸġ
˱˵ˮڱ˲֪õ£Ϳܲվϴѽ٣ȻܹˣԣѾûʲôġ
ƴţһԼˮ˾Ȼ̴֣ǰһȭͷ̧MAģϹĹۣҲá
˼ôгǸӷҲûƴţѽҲܶԷʲôĿģסƴţ˵
ţ嶯
СҲʲôʡ͵ĵƣƴţھ̧־ҪҲǴӣΪӲ֪˭ݣƴţӿɲ¡
ˣӣ˭ӣ


972 һ
ƴţôһǣû˸ԼӣȻԼȷǺܿ࣬Ҳѽ仹Ǳһλţүܵˣ̵ס
ѾģƽֻԼȱˣˣû뵽﷭˴ȻӸһˮ˵Լ
ƴţ˫ȭͷѾ¸¡ķŭûǹţүһǹӸɵ
ûǹ˵ӽл·ҵţүѾм
ӽ첻ŪӾͰֵд
ƴţ͵һ˦֣סԼĳӷ˦ˣʱ򣬱˵ǳӷ磬¾ǻưүҲסġ
ţүѾɱģKTVƱҪһѪһͰˮѪ
СȻҲǳصƴţԼСһڻƴţδȭʱȻһ
Сٶ壬ķӦֵһ̣ɼҲͨˡ
ƴţȻҲὫԷǲͨˣҪɡ
ǣƴţŭһ˭סģҲѾ߾磬ǣŻƴţȭͷ𣬾ȻȳС˹ȥ

ԭ˵ԻƴţǳȭҪɵСĽɫ׾֮£ܿܣƴţȫСʱȻȫֵ
ϵߣ
ɽûдڼ꣬Ҳӷһ˾ǣҪˣڼżҲû˼ңɽĸڵ֪ԼĶӣԼĶӻ̫ӵ֮кҲǼΪοһĸ϶ˣھǹܱ꣬ϾҪãҲ궼еĹģĻȴ࣬ɽҲû˵ʲôֱ˾ǣǬꡣ
ɽһƴţǳȭκβСĹȫСֵǸԼͬһԵѽֻнϵߣڵֵסƴţĽʱ
ڵ˶໥һۣӣȻѾͷڼǰӾȻѾͷȫŴͣò˼顣
ȻѾͷڼʶϳӷսŵȵĻһĻֲʲôˡǣʱѾͷүӸˣûǾ춯صһĻڿСȻƴţȭͷӵ£ӵģѾͷ᲻Ծ
Ҫ֪ţүȭͷھǳģмˣܽӵסţүȭͷӲǽӳˣֱǷֵӵģ
KTVѾͷ֮⣬˼ڳӷɲֵ̫󣬸Ѿͷ˵Ӳ˼֪Щ󲻵ĴڣԣӷӰһֱӾͳ˻ƴţСм䣬Ҫ໥ײʱӷ絥һӣһǿҵ𶯣ƴţС˺ü
Ǭɽͬʱ֣ŷ˻ƴţû󣬵ڵϡ
٣Ȼֻһֻ֣ͽСסˣϻһĲ˼˵λƢ̫ãʲôĵطλǸˡ
תٶС˵ٸ鷳Ļ͹ȥ
٣ǻ쵰
ұ졣
ῴڳ˭Ϊǿ
ղųӷһ֮䣬ȫˣ˼һֻʮ֮һʵ˵㻹ȥ˼һֻ֣ͿԼˣ
ƴţǺܷŭʵģ֣Ѿû뿪ǡ
гӷֹƴţ֪ǴˣҲܾѽȻԼԺôھǻȥ
СҲǺӾС
ƴţһ֣ǷŭȻһĨţǴЦ˵ԭѽӻ˭ء˵ӼǰǱ߷Ż˵һҪǲţүǰɣ
⻰˵ģզذɣ
զأӡ
ţ
ӷһƴţ磬Ҳˣ鷳ġģͼ˸˵ӵ¡ѾĲǸʲôûɫǱҲʲôС֮ƣɱ˷Ż޶û뵽ѾľȻܵҲ⾩˭ĵ̡
磿
ٿһ۳ӷ磬˵СճѵԽĶӣ
øղֹסСɾֵˡԼǣ˰ģɲҪ˼ҵļŻûϣȱ˼ҵļ̳˸ˣԼǰһˣƴţ˵֪û뿪أ
ԭ¾ǳӡ裬ʧˡ
Цݵ
ӷ翴һ٣˵λһסλֵǰ뿪ҿɲܱ֤ᷢʲô¡
ʲôȻҽ뿪
С侲㣬ߣﲻֵĵط
١
ʲôµȻؾƵ˵
СǷŭǣһƴţ鷳ģû뵽ˣ鷳ûʼپͽԼ뿪
˵ݣҵˣ˭Ҳ˭߸ѽ
ߣ浱⾩Ǽҿˡ
ţٳ嶯Ļҿɲˡ
磬ܣӽ첻Ѿġ
ŵȾȻй˵Сӣһߣ˼ҵĶ֡λİɣǰ
֪ٶˣȻ治֪طʲô£кС뿪
ֱѽ治Ѿġ
ƴţǷŭԼ·ȴӷš
ŵӢӷ˵оûУ
ӷ绺ͷ˵㿴ĳǸ٣ǶһĴߣ
ûĻӦǶĴ֮һƽƽġһҲܿ϶
һ۵ĴߣǸǰĳӷһˣ
Ҳö룬ΪߣӦøյõûáҽòҪΪ£е֡
ʲôֵģ
СӵΪҲڽ׶Σ߼Ȼ֪飬ҲԿ䲻ܱ֤ÿһ˶˴ߣԣѾļƻҲһߣһʱˣǵĴԸ㡣
ӷЦһ£ԭߣͶԼˣԼȴڲ֪
ǲ̫ˡ󣬺Ҳûʲôϵɣֲȥ硣
ǲ롣Ƕ绹磬ÿͻỻһ۵ģǰ񲻻ʲôȨ뷨ڲһˣ磬ҲҪʱĲȻ֮ģҲٵġΪѾˣʵںܶ෽棬񣬸ûʲôֱҲΪԼȨƣһЩܻ˵顣
˼˵ҵ۵ĴУҵʱȥ۵λӣߴԸң
ûȻ֪㲻Ὣν۱ȴҪΪԼ㣬Ҳ֮ǰ˵ȴû˵ڵ顣£Ҫǿߣ㶼û꣬һʲôߵ磬磬в
ӷ˵νˣֻҪǲ鷳һǽĿ鷳ģˣȫˡ
ȫҪӵĳ˶磬Ǽ֮⣬ѽӷ磬Ȼ˵˵赭д治ǳҵļ̳ˣ


973 ʱ
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ԱߵĻƴţһ˵磬˵ɣ
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䣬վͻأ˫һ˿⣬ı飬˷츲صı仯ȫһƵģɢһ΢С
ӷͻȻı仯ҲǳԾСһ̬˵ΪŻΪԼģӦ˵ıֲŶѽôͻȻɢңΪǿ
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кȻһҲиԻܿʧˣҲб֪Ĵڣǳӷ磬Ҳ֪Ϊǳеġ
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978 Ŀ
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С˵ǲ֮ͣǵĵóӷе㲻ղŵı仯Ҳóӷ벻ͨ
˶ϷȴӷǼվţȻǰʵӷ磬λ𣿡
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ǣĵطȻѾûʲô˼ǵˣȴǵĺҾ˵⣬߰ɣҲ˵ݣ⾩Ƕˣ
û뵽Ϸ˻˾飬Լҵ鶼ܣ˵ʲôɻվϷ˵ϣܰ𣿵ս˵ڣͬ
ҲʧתһȦƵģϷ˰ﲻеĿģû̫Ĺϵ
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٣ⶼʲôʲôѽû˵٣λϷ˾滳ɣǲǼҵѽ
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979 پž
شأһ֮ʢ·ؼڴ˿̴ΪãΪŵһչƬ֮䡣
ůɶƣǸǴ⣬һ֮һµ𲽣һµ㣬ѧϰȫµһսҶŬţ׵ʱãջ
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980 δ
嫻Ǳ仯Ī⣬͸˵ޱ޾еһƬССˣ
ν٣ҲǷΪŵȵģһ˵Ϊһ󣬾ͻ٣ٵֻ֣һһ־ǰ˷ЩһߣǾµĿޣκνݾߣһһӡΪ۷徳磬ֵߣ٣Ϊ٣Ϊձġ
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ԤĲ⣬ǳ飬ı仯йزȻҪҵڣȫЩϣһָָ˵ĩգ
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ǿıը֮УըĲҲǳ˷ȥģû򣬲绹Ƭأɾ޴ƻᣬǿıըǽظˣҲǲܵ顣
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985 
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еĳӷ٣ԼȻѾųڣǾû˿ĿܣΨȥ֮⣬Ļᡣ
ɢƻ˫ȭ֮ϣӷ簴֮ǰԺֵƿȭʹ÷ҪǿƿȭȽٸֵ
ɵӷһƻŷ֣ƿȭһУҪܵѹɱžٲѹǿĶ࣡
ǳӷǿѹʩչƿȭǳӷ粻ãһھͽƿȭʩչԽµٵס֮أңŵҲ˵Լٵʱ򣬻ңЩҵģӦòˣҲֻЩһŻϳһǻҪǿĽɫ
˵ˣǿ߶ڿԼв磬ǿߡƿȭ񷶦ԼΪǿĵƣʱ򣬵ǿߵǰ߸չֳǽԼĵȫ¶
ӷ粻ɵ£֮ǰ꼶ľۻʾӷҲھսڵʱ򣬲źޱʩչȻľۻʾѾǸ㹻ǿĴˣҲ¶ˣʣµƣӷͲչڸǿߵǰ
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ͬʱѾ£ͨΪٵĳ֣ѾķѣҲȳӷǷܹأͨڣѾʧˡ
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ӷ´һɣеȻȫһ׵ȥǲ˵֣ͬҲֵֻܵסһ׵磬ǣһ׵ô죡
ӷǳ׻ˣ˵Ѿȥ׵ںΪһ壬׵֮вͣתţţ·Ҫ׵Ƶģڶ׵磬ȴޱǿ֮ƣֱӷ磡
̵˼ӷȻų˾һѾ˵ˣ
оֵһ׵磬ɵڶ׵磬ǹؼѽ޷ڶ׵ֵǿˡ
ؼʱ̣˵ģֻӷ磬ȴֱӳ׵磬ɾ
֮£ӷüĴĲ񷶦һԶˣӷֻһҵӲ񷶦
ޣ޵ѵˣһһֻޣ񷶦ػߣһ԰ҽڶ׵ֵģ
ӷ·ҵһݰ㣬´ϲȴϣϲûãȻ䣬ϷͨڣȻڴ˿̣ȫ
ɣˣҲˣѽһڣеĶˣ
ʧͨڣʣͨڣȻͬһʱ䣬ȫӣ٣Ҫͬʱˣ


986 ٺ֮
֮ĵڼӷȻų˾һĻʹЩ񣬶ǼΪĳԾ
Ҫ֪ǴڣЩҲȫǳѽ磬Ͳӵκһģû뵽ӷһӾͷų˾ȻԽžеһٸڽһٵ׵ƽʵЩ񲻿˼顣
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ϸ۲壬ǷгԱ½ȥ
£С֮֮ǰѾԱȱһλԱҲѾȫۼ֮ġ
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ȷߵûгģǱߵ壬ӵһ˫򣬶һ˫ţҲȶߵϺܶࡣ
ԣӷųľͲǱߵģȻߵĳԱһû٣ʣӷųľǴģ
ʴ۵ɫ൱ѿܼΪǵĲǳӷӵеľ᲻ԼģǣǾ֮ϣȻԵֵסžеһ٣ȴڣǽԼȫȥᱻžٸͷʣ
ʴڵ֮ʱɫԽԽѿΪڼֺһ޴֮ǼΪ£
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κһǰش𣬶ͬʱͷһֻһ׵磬Ǽƽˣʣôһ㡣ͬʱּӷǰһֻޣһֻ
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ڼ֮󣬵һʱ뵽Ǵ˵еǿޣһֻԼֻţֻĳЩͼмĹޣ
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ޱǲ񷶦еػߣ˵Щǲ֪ģ֮ǰ뿪񷶦ֱǰòűӷȥԣЩ֪޵ĴҲûʲôֵġ
СӣӵžԵֵסžٵȻӵŴ˵еޣž٣ޣɶǴ˵еĴѽСӣҲ̫˵ɣôõ޵ģ
ôõ޵Ĳص㣬صǣ޵ĳ֣ǰӷСӵֵˡ
ޣֵܵסž𣿡
۵Ŀ˵ЩΪƽͬʱҲΪŵһϾӷĴߣȻ뿴ųӷǿһӷɹž٣ǳҵֻ᲻вأ
ѾеˣԼΪʲôҪ´УΪʲôƫƫҵõԼĴУѵ⣬ԼۣҲ޷Υ֮
ŵȼӷȷųַųһֻޣжʼе㼵ˡԼô꣬ڣΪƷľ֮⣬ʲôöûõƷľ磬ǳӷԼġٿ˼ҳӣˣһó񼵶ʣɶǣȻ۷ľ磬Լ֮ǰƷ磬ʵ̫ƽˡ
ȻŵҲѾһ뷨ǾǣӷܳɹɹžٵĻԺһҪӷѹϵãǵԼҲϧΪӷܸԼģԼܸԼģӷ缸ԸԼΪԼΪʱѡվһߣŵǻŮ᲻֪
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ŵȵ仰Աߵˣʵʲô֮٣
ЩڻҪ֪ţֻҪӷܶɹⳡžٵĻǽ֮٣Ӧòʲôˡ
νĽ֮٣Ҳǵһ۷߶ɹ֮⣬ҪӭӵĵڶֻҪڶҲɹˣǾͿԳΪԴߣǿߡ
ŵںڴڴһȫǿߵĵһ綼ĳǿߡ˵ǿ߶ɽ֮󲻿һӾ͵ʲô۷徳磬ֱӽʥ磬ƾӵеЩ˵֮ʥ۷徳綼пܡŵǻ˵϶쾳磬᲻ɵϳ֣
Ѿ֣һӭ˵ڶ׵硣
һ̣ʣµͨҲͬһʱ䴥Ӿ޴׵Ƶģ׼˳ӷ磬׼
ӷӰһ׵ͬʱϮԼڵǵƻʩչƿȭҲδֵܵסѽ
ˣ񷶦Լ񷶦ֱӽҪͬʱٵ׵磬ȫ񷶦֮ڣ񷶦һȾžٸǿĴڣ˵ԼʹõʱȱݣҪž񷶦ڣŲ񷶦һܽе׵ȫġ
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̹ŴƵ֮гһƽƣеĻƽϿһ󺰵ʴڣ
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Ľʣ֮УӰһţȻֳƲ֮ϡ
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ʴ֮һޣϾĴ񽫣ӷ硣

һųƣеĵڶֻΪĵΪһ˵ƣЩƷų֮󣬶Ŵ󽫾Ĵ񽫣һ·ޣȫӶ½Ŀ꣬ɱӷ硣


987 Ϯ
ÿһԴ˵ڳΪԴ֮ǰҪѣһ٣ڶѣÿһ˵Ķͬܣǻڵķɣ˿ȥ㡣
ӱϿӷѾɹɹǿľž٣٣žǵȷˣأָԭĳȿٵĵȥů⣬һÿһ˵ϡ
ǵ쫷ҲѾֹͣ뼸쵼Ĵ£Ҳָ˹뷽ҪģƺΪⳡֵĹϵĴҡ֮⣬ҪһΪ˵ȥ䣬Ȼһº޴Ӱģңп붼еӰϾһԶԶڹ֮ϣһʲô鶼пܷ
˵ⳡͨ˿ǴȻɵģʵʵġ֡ӷ磬ѾʼܵɡƲˡ
˴Ķȣ쫷ʲôģҪ۵İɣۣȴͨɵġ
ڳӷ񷶦ٵ׵ȫ˲񷶦ʱΪһõķԼܵκε˺̵ʱڶɹⳡ١
νǧǱһʧӷһ£Ǳǣٵ׵ȫյ񷶦ں󣬾񷶦ٴأٴϾǾžѽҪ񷶦ڶʱڽյ׵ȫǼǲܵ顣
񷶦ӷΪһģҲ˵ӷò񷶦׵Ҳǵڣ׵սԼڣһǿԼڣ²ԼγһĿռ䣬ԼҲǲܵѽ
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ӷһֻԼȫһĵΧţЩԼϲͣߣԼľ޴ʹࡣ
ǹˣʹ࣬ɲֱӱһ£ôǿ׵磬ȫԼڣĻôĺ
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ʲôҩɳԣѾˣѵųųǿ׵磬ֻɶӰ죬ƾԼˣԼѣܵǣġ
뵽⣬ӷôʹ࣬ܽ׵ͷųȶһܹһᣬ񷶦ܽ׵ȫ
ӷµû񷶦ȷ׵ʵҲô̵ʱȫѽοһٺ֮٣Ѿʼˣ
弸Ҫһˣӷ˿ʵͲסʹĲҽ˳ϵ·ҲѾߵĵƣͷҲʼðϵƤʼڡ
Ļ쵰ҾͲţ֮ƣСС׵綼ˣ
䣬ӷȻһ𣬵һ罫ڵȫüĴֽйеĹȫüĳ񷶦Լȫ˲񷶦֮ڡ
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˿̣ԱߵʣһСӣ㡣
ӷʮּѵתͷһһȺޣԼ߷һֻӥ֮ϡ
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׻ϻ䣬ϰֻͬʱ˹ֻɫ壬ȫӷƮ
ӷ̽޵ĹȫչҸԼĹһȫ˲񷶦֮ڣ
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ãžٵʵ̫ǿˣƾκáֹͣ취
ӷҧأ˵ҵ˹ңȻûȥᷢʲô飬һƲסˣпܽٵͷųǸʱ磬ܵ޴˺
׻ϼӷ磬ǧҪסǧ
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ȷǳӷܾԵģһҲԸȥٵԶͷųӷ绹ǿƲסȻӷҲ뷢飡
ˣȥѽ˭ǿԡˣ㸸ס
˵ûõĻҰûʱңǸǬ磬Ҳ˵Զ磬֪лܹҰֱҪǱߡ
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󸻰䣬ͻأоǿϢ˷Լ߷˵ǵĿ꣬ǳӷ硣
ǿԶԶ֪ķΧϣԷʲôˣʵ
׻һ˫۳Χȥ󾪵ˡ񡣳ӷղŶɵǾž٣ӱϿǶɹһĲѾɳԸӷˡ
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׻һ£˵еʱΣҲתЩʱǰ˵ܰӷһѣ
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ڹܲôˣͰȥǧסڲǻֵʱһ֣Ǿ͸ûɹһҲǱɣ
ӷ¶׹⣬磬ղԼٵʱһ濴ֿͦˬڼԼɹ˾ž٣ԼΪպвɳҪԼ
ãȸһᣬǲҪʧȲ񷶦ڵˡ


988 
ôһ仰㲡Ҫɸ⻰ֻѽ磬仰ҲǼŲƵġ
Ȼǳӷ뷨˷ǿѾ֤Щһȫ𾳽ǿߣϳ֮⣬Ļӵ˶ԴߣӷȻ϶һ翪ʼԼۺˣԼһλ֮ϣҪᣬԼ
ӷͲ뵽ʵЩĵڱģڱͱԼӣȻǰǣ˷Ȩޣ֮˲֮ܵ
ɲôȻ鶼Ѿչˣ͸ղŵһǶ㲻ģǾǶɣȫеԼͿǷһأȽ񷶦ڵҪǺÿ
ȻԳӷһ֮ȻɵΪԼһ˾ͿԽˣӵƿȭԼϾޣ˵Ƿӳ˫ƿȭĵһܻԼӰ졣
ӷ޷ȥ̫࣬˷ǿѾĿԼǻ֪ǶĻģɲôϰϵǿԼܱ޵ҪǿĶɡ
񷶦Ѿȫٵӷڸ޷֮Դ֮ԴȥٵҲǲܵ飬ڣӷʲôˣ
׻ϻĳӷһʱͲסʱԷڵĳӷ˵Ƿˣڵйȫ˲񷶦֮ڣ˽ʣƻ֮⣬κˣƻҪţ˲񷶦ڵƿȭúõĸһɫƣڵһȭ֮޷٣ҪûصϢɡ
Ȼ˲ӷ֮ʱڳӷУҲѾ׽統ԼĵˣǿУ
֮ĵӷڵӣѾˣӷ񻹲̫񣬼ҲѾоӷǱ߿ʹ۵һӦ˹ʵ˭µ
һƬȻ˭µɶ˼
ʴȻװһʲô֪ӣʵЩ񣬻֮ǰɻģϼһȨʣһոСɫô֮ܵΪã
ô˭µϣϽĴ񽫸һ޸ٻһΪŭ˳ңǾ鷳ˣ
Ҳ뵽غӷھž֮£ǾôŭҲǣԼѽڣӷѾɹ٣е֢ҲԼ⣬̤ܲһԴ֮УԼǣؼʱ̣³ӷҪأͻ۷徳磬𾳽磬ΪԴˣԼߣ֪˭µȻɳϰ½Χӷ磬˵ⲻûѵ飬һˣ
û˻ش۸δ۵⣬ʴ۸ִ֮һȽգ·µԼ޹ƵģſϷһȴգ·һоƿ֮С
˹۸Ǳ߾Ȼɳɵ£ҲȻǱſֵһӷڶɽ֮ڶ֣֮ͽ֣֮ǸʱԼ磬ɾΨһˣԣ˹۲ɵȥǱ֣Ըӷ磬ΪԼ粻֣ԳӷĿǰ˵ٸĺ֢̫ҪԶô񣬼ֱĻ
˵˹ۣӷ˶֣֮Գҵ˵ҪģԲֻܽǶ硣Ҫ֪ڳҵУҲʹʲô磬磬ûзֱġ
ôһ˵˹۲۴ֶʱԼ绹һܵǣ
˵һҲûڳҵУʲôķֱ磬һǲˬ飬Ҫ
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綯֣͵Ҳ֣ȻˣΪʲôһݡ
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ղżҲѾ˵ȻԶɽһγ֣ǾûɲһףΪʲôҪӻδž֮ǰȥȻӦǻҪ
Ǭ磿
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ǾãǵĹ𣬻硣
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989 ŵȰﵹæ
ӷ磬
һֻһ޴Ӱ˳ӷϿգ
ӷȻ̧ͷǰ񻰵Ӿ翴ˣҲǸȻαŹģСɢƣԶԶЩ񻰵Ӿ֮ϣǿߵʵȷǲСѽ
޴壬ʮӷôƽףƽӣ׺óӷһǲҰͶ̥ѽӣҲ̫˰ɣУҲܳˣʵĹ֡
Щǳӷʶ룬ڳӷıʶ൱ǿģǱȲŵȣΪƷľ磬ԼĿǰ˵һһһųԼǿ治̫ܡ
ոճ֣ڳӷΧ˼⣬ĴҲ֮ˣţһٶȫۼ˳ӷΧӣڣҪӷƵġ
һȺ֪Ұ޻ļһһ֮࣬óӷееңǰôû뵽һ죬ԼΪļʶأΪʲôûֻҰȨѽһǮģ

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СӣôĿƾ۷嶼δͻƵСɫȻ˵˴󻰡
ҲһЦЦĳӷ˫졣
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ʵЩһ֪ӷǽȫս˲񷶦֮ڣԼ壬Ȼܵκ˺ġ
ԶԶЩһȫҲ
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Ǻáҵġɯ
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ߵɯ˵ɯɻǵģֻǰ˵ͽģԭԶ޷ģǸ˱ҲˡɼȻǻŮҪ磬Ϳʱɱ
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ɯ㵱ΪأӣΪ̫ֺθɡ
˵ϻʯͷɡ
ҲԱãˣŵȣҵǰԶֻŮȻ캣ҪһУǾͱҲˡ
ӷ籩˵ҪңҲѽںң֪
񲻻ӷŵ˵Ļᣬӷ繥ȥ
ӷϰǿߵĹſЦɣжȫӳɣҿЩν񣬵ж˲𡣡


990 磬ë
ѾȫҪ̼ӷ磬ΪٹĴ˺ӷͬʱְӷγһһܹͻƵģԣӷĻƺ̼佫ӷ
ȻΪҪһǣû˿Ա֤ڲӷʱڣǱ߻᲻һ֣˵Զɽڵһγ֮󣬾Ѿ˿ĴˣѾӷԶ˫磬ɾǶ˫ֱƣǳԶɽǳۣһǺͲܹеء
ĸ۶֮ĿţĴ񽫸һֶԸӷ磬һѾûʲôֱˣһľ޷ӷĻȻѾչزߣһ᲻κδۣˣǬ֣һռս
绹ǽ̫ˣ˵Ǭ磬ٶ磬ڳҶԣҲ
ǱߣҲѾɳϰٺŵɺ죬Ҫ붫һɱӷ磬һɹ˾žٵǿߣһԼвģˣƲϡ
ŵҪӷ磬Ȱ˵Լ磬ǲҪŭ˳ңԼ
ŵôҲ벻ԼξȻǻȥˣŸǱ֣Ϊ£ҪԼ硣
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˵ɯŵȣУ񻰹еļأɯΪһǳŮҲǺδޣΪŵȵǰ˵ԼŵŭŵȣŽӵġ
ŵŽɯӵȻǲὫɯ
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˵ɯĿǰΪҲѾǿߵľ磬ղſŵȵһʱ¾е㲻Ծĸо
˵ŵ֮ĹϵǴ˵еǰã˵УҲǰŵȵģʵȴΪΨһŮֻɯһŵֽɯӣʣŵȹϵãǰŵλǻŮ֮䣬භĹϵǱߣҲǳ˼棬ۺ֡
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ŵǱߣһ֮ԺɯôĽû֪
ŵȵһɢɯǴ󾪲ԣ
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Ϊ֮ǰŵһƷɯΪҲѾƷ֣ҪԸŵȿνǲɯû뵽ʱڣŵȵΪȻѾƷľ硣
Ҫ֪Ʒ磬˵һƷһ죬ÿһƷѶȣ͸۷弶ѵŵȻ˼ʱ䣬޷̤ƷأƷľ磬û뵽½Ŷ̶̼ʱ䣬ȻƷʵ̫˷ѽˡ
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лƽȨһӣǿֱӹ
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ǸŮʲô˵ҪӷΪʲôڷǹӷˡ
˵ĽǶŵڹӷ磬ŵԼҲ㲻Լ£Լղˣӷ˹ȥ
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˵ЦݣǰҸӷչϾĺţŵʱЦݣһָıֶεЦݡ
ӷ絽ʲôѵǹ񹥻ģΪʲôҪ
ǲ⣬֮ĵҲڿ˳ӷı֮໥֮俴˼ۡ
СΪʲôЦĳʴʵ
ڱ˵Ҳȥӷ硣
˵ԣСӺǹҵȹġ
⣿Ϊʲôѵǡ
ãϽܻⲻСӣڰٹĲ
ջѾ̫ˡ
ӷĵɢϵƤҲ𽥻ָͷҲѾӽڱںڣΪԭĺɫۣѾΪѪɫ
ڵƻڴ˿̣жپͷӳ٣񷶦ڵҪȫˡ
ǿųӷ磬ӷһȻ̧ͷŭ磬ë


991 ͻ
˹ۣϿ񳷻ӷڽ˫ƽٺĲһɹˣͻ磬𾳽磬ߣԴ֮УԲɹ
ʴҲɵӣӷı֮ѾԿ϶ӷڴʲôעˡ
ʧѽԭΪӷɹ˾ž٣ͽΪǿߣȴٺ֮ٸˣҲû뵽Լ˫ɱӷ磬ȻΪԴ֮ǰĽٺ֮١һӷԼ˫ɹһ٣žٵĲƽˣܹ𾳽磬Ӵ֮ԴһͲԼ˫
ʴļ֮£Լͬʱ˹Ҳ֪û뵽ԼЩ˼ǧ£죬ȻһëͷСӵļơ
ҲܹЩҲΪ̫ˣ̳⣬ȻܹΪԴߣ𾳽磬ͷԾٲҲʲôطȥֻû뵽ӷ֮ǰɾžٵʱ򣬸ͲǿԼʵɹģ˵ǳӷ磬һž٣Ҳ˵Լܹӷ֮ܶɹž٣ȫǽ˲񷶦ûв񷶦ٵգǳӷ͹ˣ
ӷԼû뵽ٵڲ񷶦֮ھȻǾþ޷ԼʹѵʣӷԼû뵽飬Щôĵ
ȻӷҲ֮ǣЩԼ񷶦յڣôϲ񷶦ԭӷڵ񷶦Ѿٵȫˣʣôһ㣬ҲԳӷ𲻵κεв˺ˡ
һȻ̧ͷֻǵϷ˶ʴ۸˹۵˻أҪӷȥˣԭĿǰö֪
ʱҪȥ¾ûôˣӷҲЩһ˵˵߾ߡ
ѾĻ쵰ҵʲôˣҪҵɶ˼
ӷȻһǿı
ͬʱһ顱һǳһȱڣϿǵȱ֮ڣһǿҵ⣬·ӵ޾Ǻ˰㣬ĳӷӿ
ã֮ԴСӣҪ𾳽磡
ÿһ񶼾Ҳ̤Դ֮еĵڶ衣ڶɹ˽ٺ֮٣ǾͿͻƵĴ㣬ȥӴ֮ԴˣԣӷղȻ𣬾ͻƵĴ㣬ϿֵǵȱڣҲ֤ӷѾɹͻ˴㣬֮ԴҲѾ˳
ڷصĻСӾͿԺ谭̤Դ֮ˡ
УһҪֹ
ѾǱҪ
δּ꣬ӷһ£Ͽǵȱڣǿ֮ԴѾӿ˳ӷ壬˵ӷѾ֮ԴС
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ӷ֮ԴǿƾӷƣԱӷڣû˿ѹ˵ָоʵ̫ˣƮƮģ·̫ߣκεķա
ǿ֮ԴİΧ£ӷ˿ҲΪģҪ֣ҲҪȿһºΪһոճɹԴߣһ֮ԴȻΪʱ򣬵һյ֮ԴҲ˱ԴߵãһԴߵĵ񲻺ڳԱԴߵͬʱز
һ֮ԴκδǰȥƻӲҪɱĻɱͬʱǣҲصĴۣҲǻеķеñʧοԴߣǻ֮ΪǿĴڣÿÿһԴߵĵܵһյ֮Դ
ߵĴ˵
üͷʱһٳˣʱ˳ӷ磬ǽԼ˫飬ӷ綨Լ˫統ĵˣպҲһ᲻鷳ģ
Ѿ֮ᷢʲô£˭֪
ӷղѾų˺ݻëʲô˼žɵӶĳ
ŵȼӷѾ֮ԴˣҲ᲻һУһдɱӷ磬̳嵽˳ӷǰ˵ӷ磬֮Դһε֮ԴÿһԴ˵ǳҪ
ӷǿ֮ԴİΧ֮µ˵ͷָоǰδеĺãԼڵ𽥵ʧȻתƻþò֮⣬ڵѾʼתΪ֮Դ
ȫʢҲ˿ĳˣӷɢ⵽һزŽɢȥ
ӷһлָǷ豹㣬ؼԵĺƽ൱ƽʱ䣬Ҳ·һȫֹˣеƶκεϢȫɢ˿ӷڣͬɢһϢ
ԱһԴߣǾ͵ڰߣе֮ԴʣһЩҲΪǹ黹Ƭؼ㣡
ʱ䣬ӷΧҲļΪǿ֮£һ߶ԣǿģмĺ£ˣһԴߵĽܹܵģ
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뵽⣬ӷ̶ŵ˵ûа취ɢˣ
񷶦԰쵽㣬ڵĳӷ磬ȴû취񷶦Լڵǿ壬ȴʮֵֽĵز
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ӷŵȰԼ˸飬ڣҲʱ𾳽磬ΪԴˡ
ת֮Դ֮ԴȻڳӷڣγһĿռ䣬˵һС棬СλãһС壬Χһ⣬γһԲȦΧСתССʯǵȦš
СĲͣתӷڵ֮ԴϵıڣһСʱһСʱڣǸղŹӷ񣬻֮ĵȫûգۣȫס˺
ʱ䣬Ҳ̫˵ɣ
ԼճԱԴʱһ֮Դʱ࣬ҲʮӵӣڣӷȻһСʱ
ŵ˵һԴ˵һյ֮ԴԽԽãԽõ˼ǶպΪԽãԴߵǰһ֮ԴǶԴߵһּһյ֮ԴԽ࣬ʱԽãǽĳɾ;Խ
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Ӧ֮ԴɢȥˣϿеǵȱڣҲʧˣ
ӷڵС׳СеʯԽԽ࣬ǸΪĵСΧٳС򣬰Сɫת·˵ͬ򸽽Ľľˮ
ӷڻ֪һԴ˵СеԽ࣬ǱԽǿ󣬾ͺñŵȰɣΪѾǧʱˣڳӷİΪѾƷľ磬СеҲʮɳӷأŸոճԱԴߣһƷľ磬СоС⽫һôĴڡȻǸС㣬Ϊһ壬һ̨ƵģƽСģͬʱҲ֮ԴΨһڣһСûˣҲһԴߵĩգ֮ԴСеС򣬾ͺñߵԪҪԿ֪
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ӷ˫־ٹͷһЦ漴һŭ𣬵ǿôãôãڣҲֵ˰ɡ
ɹͻ۷徳磬𾳽磬ӷҲ̤Դ֮УΪһǿߣ


992 
һ˫ŭ۾Ͽеĳӷ磬û뵽Լʴ֮ϰ񣬶޷ɱӷ磬ɱˣǰ˳ӷһѣóӷɹͻ۷壬𾳽硣
ԣ裬ʴ۵Ĵߣ֪飬ȴǰӷ۴ʱܶ࣬٣֪ԴߵĴڡ
ڣɱ˳ӷ磬ɹİ̤Դ֮У費ģǲģԼĴδԼĳˣȴǿ
̹ŴƵ֮ŭһŭȴһ̵ˡ
ƴţתͷȥֻһӰվ̹ŴƵ֮ϣŭ𣬻ƴţ̷ӦǼһԲǸʲôö
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᲻ģ
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һѡȻڰﲻӷ磬ҲǼһʲôˣ˵
ͬ⣬ϹȥǼһˡ
Ӱһֱӳ̹ŴƵȥ
ڴƵ֮ŭ󣬾͸о˻ƴţѾԼ߶һǷԼԼʱȴܱ¶ˣ򣬵ʱӷһŹԼġ
ˣӷǼһɹɽˣҲסǵǵϷûһȫҵĳˣһ죬Ҷȡͷ
Ҳҵ飬ԼΪʴ۵ĴߣϾΪԻƴţǣҲһռˣΪֻҪڣ´𱨲ˡ
ӷ̤Դ֮У˵һвܰԼΪŵ˵ȴһǳֵø˵顣
ֻŵڸоӷ˿ɢʱǱ黹񣬶˼ת䡣
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ĳӷ磬յһƷĳӷ磬ɢȴԶԶһƷ֮ѽ⵽ôһ£
ŵȵ˫һ⣬ٿӷʱŵȸеʮֵ⡣
ǵһŵȾȻ˳ӷڵС棬ҲӷڵСУȻ
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һոս𾳽ԴߣСг⣬ǲӵģԼڵСУҲǾǧӵʮ򣬾۶˵ٶΪΪ͵Դۣ˰˰ٶʱ䣬СвӵһٸС򲻵ӷճΪԴߣѾС㣬һӷ絽ԼʱΪСеС򽫻жѽҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ѵǸһ֮ԴйҲֻͣ˵Ϊʲôӷս𾳽磬ԶԶԽһƷ
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֮ŵڣպþ֮ģӷڽź󣬵һۣѾЩ˵е񡣸֮ǰЩΧԼӷ񣬿ҪҲǿ
ӷ粻ɵӣҲŵ˵˼ԼĿǰҪ翪սǸûʲôԣӷҲ˽̫õʱ䣬ֻҪղǿˣʣµģԺɡ
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ۣӣȻѾˣ֮䣬ͻǷҲպô֮´μ棬ңǵзѡ
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ʴŭӷ磬һŹġ


993 
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۵ȼһ֧̣ĳšЩй˵ĳۣһֱϲ̣δκһӡ
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ӷѾɹɹ˾ž٣̤Դ֮С
˵е֧л̾ûͣڣѾˡ
Զɽĵ˵ͷ˵ֻǰһѣ棬ǿԼɹġѪѾѣ仹޷ӳ̫ƻһصƿȭǿʩչġ
֣ٹ죬ӷҪˣߵ飬ҲԷĽȥ顭
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νʲôط߸飬κ߶޷ܵġЩҳĹѾԺ˾޴вҳۿɲǰظΪףһҳɱģҲԴеģơ
Զɽ˵ڻδչһ֮ǰǧҪϾǺԴߵԴ֮أӵŶ޷֪ҲҳҸʷеνӢ۰㣬һҪӲĻǱȡ֮ɡ
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˼˵ӵеĵҩ˵ѾûˣҪƳߵĵҩܰ㡣ǣҪƳҩҲǼ׵飬ԭ֮⣬Ҫ

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ŵȿЦһһôĴڣԼ˵϶۷徳磬ǸߣŵҲδֻҪܵʥ磬Ѿˡ
ŵɫѿӷ˵Ҳö룬պҵԭϣҾƳǿĵҩԣ㣬ˡ
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Ѿ뵽ˣҲ֪һطܻҪˡڻȥǸطʱ㣬ȸȥɡ


994 پĽ
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ݣĸ۵Ļ쵰ŮҲҵϷߣȥ


995 Ͼ֮1
ưɵĴڣֵȺѾʼɶվ˫۾ȫһſǰŮ˸ˡ
ɫŮװȻФѾϾѧϵʦˣϴȻǰѧʱһȥһݵŮζ
һŮǹŮζɢòҲ·˼ɣԣڵФߵʲôطһĻʮ۵Ļ棡
˵Ůǻˮ⻰һҲûΪŮ˶ìˣ͸˵Ǿưֵط
ФƽǺưɵģҪһ㶼KTVɽ첻֪Ϊʲôܵưˣһ鷳Ӧ˵鷳
վФǰȥͦ˹ĵģֻ죬Ҳ˵ϷФģǺڵϵ
С㣬ֺαأֻȱƶѣ
˵ͬŰɫװӢФվһǰ䡣ҵǣФܲãȻʱ鷳Ҫ֪ͷϵŮˣױģƽʱ޹أĳ޹أΪǸŮˣ
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ߺòҪңȻǻڵġ
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ȥʱ䲻ǺܳФʵ˵ʱͿɣФողμӸʵǲʱܵȥԣФʳӷӷֻһֱͨФԭ
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СӣСӣ㲻ǹߣҲߣӲߡִڣҲҸҶ֣Ǿͳȫɡ
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鷳Ҳʲôط첻ɱˣϸҹҿɲܱ֤ᷢʲô¡
þƵ˿ƱȽϺ˵Ϲҵвϲûзŭ˵λѣǲ鷳ģֻǸϾ˵ҽưɱȽϺôˡ
پʵʲôˣ
þƵЦûҵˡλСǸղǲԡˡ
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پֹ˵˵߾ߣ統ʲôˡ
磿
پɫһȻ˸ᶫ֣Сӣ鷳ġ
Ҫߵģͣ˽ŲɫļΪѿ
ڣû˵
仰һڣپϹͬʱ˾裬ѵ
ڵˣپʵ
ǡ
ǡ
磬̫ڡ
پϹҵɫһ䣬ļΪѿ
پ峡
ʱʼ鳡
ϹҵСߡ
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ǣִ硣
̫ڣû뵽ļһȻˣ
ڳӷھǣϵϣеĸֶѾɢȥ̫ڵļһʱɱʣϾǣ˭ֵܵס˴֮һ̫ڣ


996 Ͼ֮2
ӷ缴ǰڹڵ飬֮Ѿźˡ
ϣһ磬ֱӷ׶ֵɻʱڣҪ˶һ£Ϊ˭Ҳ֪ӷγҪòŻô˵Ҳȥӹŵģ˹֮⣬ڷ飬ӷ綼Ѿ޷ˡ
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ӷ⻰Լҿ˶еͿʲôǵĻƱѾˣṆ̀ҪȥѧĻһǰô˵ĳӷԼȥƵġ
Խ챾ͷöӽӹţһӵĻԽ컹ΪӸıע⣬˵ȥҲã֮꣬ȥ
ӷ᲻֪ĸʲôϾԼԼ·Ҫߣ˵ʵڵģӾߴӷ綼ϲǴ̱ȽȤ
裬ˣҲǲȥҪȥۣ֮ת
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Խìܣ治֪˵ʲôˡ
̿˳ӷһۣ·µ˳ӷȥΪʲôƵģҲʲô
ʱƴţȫܵԼˣкҲ򣬻ƴţһ磬Ͼˣ
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˭֪ƴţղŻе˼ʲôϾ£Ƕɡ
Խ˵үֹж︣ȥɡ
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ѵĴѾ޺ˡ˴ɣѾ磿
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ڸǺãû뵽ٳ֮ǰᷢı磬粻ƫƫѡʱʵͷʹѽ
Գӷڵ˵ֻҪǼ𾳽ǿ߲֣ҪԸ˴ɻǲģԼҲѽǻԼѽ
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˼ǣҪҰ˶磿
Ҫһ֮ҲˣϾĺ̨硣ձֹһڶʱ֮ǲ飬ֻҪס磬ǲͿˡ֮һϵ㣬ô
ŵȿЦһ£ΪΪǻŮӷڿôǸӷȵһ
֪Щﶨ᲻ҲҪ룬йˣʲô֣һ㶼ˣʲôҩǸˡ
ŵȵ˳ӷһۣ֪ӷвԼԼ磬ͲԼҩ
ŵѾʧȥݣѵӷҲԼɾǵòʧˣ
ãҾ㣬磬Ȱ㶥ţܶãӦиϣԼ簲źС
ӷ˵ͷ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
ÿǣֻڽףֻҪṩҩңʱܽܵģʲô⡣
ŵҲ֪ӷڼһ仰ֱʧԼҴԺڡ
ŵȳ֣磬ӷҲͲˣǼѾ𾳽ǿ֣߳ǵΪҲܻŵ֮ϡ
ƴţʵ磬ŮʲôѽΪʲôô
ӷһЦ˵һǳͷŮˡˣϾǲõˡڣҾǼȫΪߡ
ʲô
̼ͬʱһȫΪߣɶ˼
ʵڳӷֹ֮󣬾ŵȽǸƿ˹棬ԼʱɢЩҲǳӷרΪǼ׼ġ
ǸΪĿ죬ӷȴеҩһۣҪţƵĶɣ


997 Ͼ֮3
ϾưڣеĿ˶Ѿ˸ˣڵľưֻʣپˣ̫ڵꡣ
Ľǰ˴ɣ߻ûʲôħʮЩɲνʿһܹаǣҲֻھžٳֵһһ֣ƽ໥֮䶼޲öԷ
˵˵ĵطжԹжԹĵطнʵ磬ֺγһĽ
̫ڵڸյʱʲô¶ûȥĿǰΪҪģҳɱɱڶ෽֮£δ֪ʲôɱĹȴ֪ڼǰǱһжֹģԣ̫ȻǴ飬ɳеӣϾҶڣ
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ԯ飬֮پ˶Ѿ֪ˣҲ֪һʲô̫ڵˣڹ֮ǰҲųݻ˵ʲô̫ڣ˴ɣŹӷġ
ڿ꣬һģԣپҴ⣬ߣܻиӶ࣬ǿߣΣԼ鷳ˡ
ڣһϹڳһҲߣֻǲֵ֪ܷסǰֵܵס֮ЩߣָôӦ
پԼߵ𲻵κõģϵϳӷ磬ԣپֻܴ˵绰ƴţպõ绰ͨˣپͽԼߵܼ򵥵ĸƴţ˵һ飬֮󣬻ƴţִ绰پסļһӷѾ˸ֹ
Ȼƴţ˵پǺܵģƴţĿӷǲԻˣǳӷɹģôһ֣
֮ǰپʹ㽻Լߵ飬ǰҲǳӷǻؾ֮ǰѾ˵ģߴɵ鴦֮پȥȴֱӷغϣô˵ӷȥҪΪ˽ӹŵģپȴҪȥƼҵģϾƼǱҲǷӿѽ
پȥǴ͵ȥô˵پڵͷǹɻȥĻǱһעӵġ
ϣپҪģû뵽Ȼļһ
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پһ䣬ӣһսⲻˣɾƾԼϹˣҪôѽ
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ǱФþƵתͷһФ˵£޹أ̫ڰ£Ӳǣ޹ġ뿪ɡǼ첻ֽͱҵȲˡ

ϹҷһЦ˵ߣҲߡңҵΪ񻹱Ǹôһ㣬ʣҪô

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ϹҵΪȻ֮ϣɼ̫ҲʲôĽɫҪԸˣϹһǴ´ġ
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Ϲҽһȣóһƿ˵ȻˣǾͰ°ɡ
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ĳԱ󺰴Уһ̫˹ȥһѾ

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̫˵ʱѾɨһưڵһϹ֮⣬ûߴڣڣͻȻŮˣô£ôģղŷûŮѽ
̫ڵļ̫ߣ˫۾ȫŮˡ
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䲻Ф룬Ѿپ˵˵˴ɣë


998 ̫ڳԱ
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پȴһ޿ֵӣȻ֪ӷɸֹŮͻȻֵģɼǳӷɹİ֣ԣپҲûκεļɻˡ
ȻһŮæپмϾԵĵ̫ǿ󣬲ԼӦģǿǸͬһģһкüɽٵĸڳԼϹˣʲô
˼СǸŮˣղһָȡ֤ʵ
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ŮЦһһӢ˵ӷˣһСӣĻҲֹ㡣
Ůôһ˵پеǳӷĸ֣Լô˵ҲǶһսͷѽδŮǰӡ
ҲŮ˸ӷ絽ʲôϵΪʲôǰûм٣Ϊ˵پҪסԼ˵һϡ
ϹѾ̫ԶͬѪپһһӵİٵķڵѾе߾磬ˣƴһս
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ŵȲǳӷ磬񣬲ɱ񣬲һ־ͽ̫ȫɱҲŵȵ硣
һᣬ£͵ûҲɱǣ߰ɡ
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پһ㶣˵⵽ǲǾɹѽڵ˶ԼſˣȻ˵ߣⶼʲôʲôѽҲǾѽ
СӣҵΪҴӦ˳ӷĻƢ๼Ĺܡ
ŵȲپˣ̫˵ӣӦЩеͷͷɣ
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ʮӣ뿪סֻҪڣǣ˭Ҳˡ
ŵȵֻţӷ绹ǸϽ취ߵɣԼɲ뵱ıķĵ̡
ŵ֪ӷôĻһѪ
ӷŵϾ֮ûҪŵȥԼغˣϾйԼĵ̣κεʧҲֻŵǿйӷŻġ磬ǲһζĵйңҪԼˣҲὫеԼϣԼߵʲôطǵʱͻʲôطҲ˵绹Ƕ磬ὫͶ뵽ϣȥԴԼ
Ȼӷ粢ܱ֤Ǹʱ᲻ҲܵȥȥĻòˣԼҲҪйߵ飬ŵȣҲҪйԼ̣ǰԼһһǿԣ
ӷˣҲһķ۴˰ɣ
ʲô鶼δչ֮ǰǰ黹ҪõģŵȼȻӦ˳ӷ磬ͲͬʱҲ뵽ӷ粻˵ǿߵķչѾ˼ƻһӷǱǿ߷չŵҲͲôˡ
̫̫ڵļŵȣǲ֪ŵȵݣȻҲὫ
ǣһĻ̫˾Ŵҡ
ŵȼ̫Ҫ֣һǿɢһɾ޴ƣȻ̫ȫѹסˣνĶɽٺڸ֣һҲˡ
⣬ôܣ
̫鼸ɫ԰ףû뵽ᷢ飬ԼеϤˣʦүɢеͬȴȼλʦүҪǿ
λ㵽Ǻηʥ̫ѾˣǿߣɲЩӦ˵أ
ŵ˵ҲʥֻǸˡˣҲΪǣֻҪǲҪңҲᶯǵġҪǣڽһʱһйϣǲҪʲôԼڵ顣
ŵȽһգ̫ȫһͷ·ȫƵģ
ЦЩһΪߵģҲ۷壬ŵǿߣѲŹ֣ϣɲ˶ӷǰ㣬۷ʵսʤһǿߣ
̫һҪͿڹϣҷһϣ´ΣﲻҪٲǶˡ
̫鲻ûϾԼ˴ɻмλʦүֻҪһһСѾͷԸˡ
ŵҲ˵ʲôתĺƣ


999 ŵȣϹع
ʦǾǼһ֪ɱʦ˭ѽ
ղűФþƵǲˬλʦڿҪ𣬿أ˼һŮ˲˵仰ͻˣҲ̫˰ɣ
̫һۣŭ쵰ûԷľǿ𡣸ղϷ򶼵ֵסǵĻ³ֻһ
̫ЩӵУǵλʦ۷֣Ѿɹٵģֻǲ֪Ϊʲôûȥ磬ôһŮˣһŮ˻أ
Ȼղŵֻǽȫ̫ϵϣˣûȥܣЩǲףΪʲôʦˡ
ǿߣѵʦǿ𡣵֪ʦһǹ˼ݵĹϵöһŮ˶֣ȻˣǾõӵȥɡ
̫εĳ嶯Щ˽˵ˣ治֪һ磬ǿߣΪȻѾԽ˶ɽٺ۷徳磬Ը˴ɵʦүˣڼӾȻ˵Ҫȥ˼ңȥĻǵڻҵķݣ
̫Ҫѵһ٣ʲôУ죬ǿиǿ֡һȴ˵ƽ̣ЩСӲ֪ߵغͲҪǼƽˡ˵ûղСӷ֪ʲôɱģǲǿҵ𰸵ĻҪҳɱ֣±ȵ컹ѽ
̫һ£ղǵطʵڲȥˣ˼Ѿ˵ĺйҲھԼԼĻС
ӣҲֻܵˣЦСӳ֣ܻ֪ɱʦܵ˭ղǸŮǿ˷ָ˵ǰ˴ƽ֣δ˼ҵ¾ƲˡӣҲֻλʦүɽˣ
һ̫⻰ȫųһ亹
Ҫ֪˴ɵƽ̣ȫǶɽٺڣǰλҪǼ޵ˣλʦȴ˵ǰֶδǶԷ¾ƲˣҪ˴ɵʦ𣬿ɼԼղŵĻǶôɡ
ȫͷѵԼ䣬ѾıԵһ
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ڽưڣپϹҶŵǰپʵλС㣬ǲǾǵģ
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پڲ֪ŵݵ£̵סǾģǴҲƽƽǸ֣ҲûȨңϣ˾֮⣬˭Ҳûʸ
پеսһӣ৵һԱߵФһ

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𱬵ϻ侲оˮˣʲô飬ʲôطԿġ
ŵȶپǳĵ˵ͷѹֳӷܳưй£˻ˣưԶС
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پһŵȣϹ˵ϹֵܣҪˣ飬鷳࿴ŵ㡣
ģԼˣøҿֻҪڣû˶硣ңһͷȥɣǱߵսһϴϹȥ
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1000 ְֳѫǰ
ǹʻӷȫۼλүרеģΪϴλƴţʱǱѺߵģûν֮˵һΣǻƴţʽĳѧϰ
ţѽСӿɸӳһ㣬һС֣һֵġӢǱߵһһӿһΪסӡ
үӿģôһӣƼҽҪȥ̳Уòѽ
ڻѣǱϾҪ޳ȥģҲܽ޸˭ҪƼҵԹܣְܲܽɣƼҵļҵܸܲհɡŰүӶ£ͬ뷨ӷȴͬ䲻ԣ˵ȴԼҵ飬ҲΪųǵȻӷԲԼôģôᴦ
үү֪ˣһʱ𣬷ҲѾһˣһһסġ
ƴţѾע⣬ֻҪȥӢȻһʱ䣬үӰ֮󣬾תȥǱߣɱӢˡ
ʵƴţͦĽѵģ֪͸ѻһ£ԼȥѧȥӢѧԺ
үӵ˵ͷԼʲôУѵ᲻֪ôܶѧ㶫Ͷѧɣ
һĻ˺Ƶĳ棬Ǭһǲˬĸӷ𣬿ÿһ˵Ҳƴţͬ뷨
ν⣬ܣһˣǼλүӻܽǸɣǿɲйطһأҲ
Żƴţϻ佣ףһ˻ȴûӷкӷգһ۾ʾǸ̡һԼȥһۣȻת
⹫ţСˣ裬Ǿͻȥɣһչ˺Լġ
ү̾˿Ҳ˵ͷӷγ˭֪ǽӹô򵥣ųӷһһ粨ͼˡ
ʮǰԶɽֳһ޷籩ʮǰֳһķ粨죬ҵĳӷ磬ҪԽ游ףһȥֱָ£
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裬㵽ʱЩҸĳЩ˵Ұɡ
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ܸǣ֮һԣ㵽֮ǧֻţΪ׵ʱҪġ⡣
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УӦС˵ģôܸء
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үӿЦһһŽӷ˷۵ķɻ
ؼ壬ϣǵţϾˣ


1001 ָĶŮ
׹
°һڰ׹ڽһҪ飬ÿһ˵ɫǼΪء
Ļ飬Ҫ⡣ŴҲ֪ˣԣڴˣҲ˵
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һŽ۾Ůʿ˵
°̾˿˵ԣһҪ۳һײǨƻйķΪ⼸֮ڣŵܲó۾Ҫʽλˣ֮ܲλĶӳӷ硣
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ֺγô롣ҲˡЩĸ쵼ˣܽӴԶɽġ˳ԶɽǵݣѾһҵ쵼˷ˣǣʲô취
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еһϷԱߣ°һϣ˵ŵȷһߡƼҸؼѾ˰Ȼڲ֮󣬾ҪչȫˡĿǰؼȲʤȯ
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ѽļҹ˾Ů̫˧ˣҪȥҪ绰
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ʣµбһӵϣأҲ൱ߣʹӭλӣ֮취Ըû뵽˻ûͷ飬ɲҪԼ˵ļƻˣ
Ů˽ôౣڳԼ΢΢һƲ¶һ˲Цݣ֮ɫһ䣬ļΪֳ࣬ȭȭûдȥȭȥġ
ס֡
أͬʱеΪǿŮ˵ȭͷ׼ȷ˵ӦǶŮʳָһöָ
бڶסһ֪⵽Ǹʲô
أ໥һۣȻǰϸһ¶ŮϵĽָָ
ҵı־ɲ˶ӵеģ˳ҵļ̳֮⣬ˣУָأδָϵͼʮģſڵ棬͹һ޴ͼ
ָǳҼ̳˵ΪʲôһŮ˵ϴţ
أ˳׺Ϳˣ֪ڸ˵ʲôʲôûôһŮˣָŮˣ˭
Ů˽أҽһֻõͷһһֱͳܲ˹ȥھأʱŮûƬ̵ͣȴ˵и߲ϵᡣ


1002 Ůܶ³
ڳôƣҵܸԱڵĿóҴӵķɣû뵽ҴûһŮˡӦ˵һŮһʮ겻ĶŮ
˳ԾǣŮȻûŵЩڷҪ֪ŵıڣܻͨıһǾرѵģŮǰһϺ޶ȫŵˡ
벻ǣŮȻ޼ɵĳܲȥھλ߲˵˵һ˴۾Ļи߲ϵᡱ
ŮʲôˣΪʲô˵ʶܲ׹Щһͽȥģңŵλ߲㣬Ȼû˵һ仰ֱӴŵ߲㣬Ů󣬽ţ
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ΧЩعҲһͷˮԼϰ죬ɽأ˼ҳӵӰӶûţȻһСѾͷ˽ȥ⣬ⶼʲôʲôѽ
ô˵ģЩرҲˣŵĸ߲㶼ȥˣˣԼɵʲôѽǸϽȥߵ㱨ȥɡ
Ȼŵܲô飬ȻҲкܶߵĶУڼſһرҲֳı
ߣʱXXXΪŵܲΣ̨߽õһϣȴû뵽ŵܲδ֣һ֪֣֪ĶŮŸ߲ӭ˽ȥ
Ӣߣڸղܲ飬ĿǰκεĿ϶ǻȡõһϡ
йߣΪʢ٣ܼҼ̳˵ĿȴˣȻǳҵļ̳ˣһŮŮӣӦйˣݣĿǰȷ
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أڳɫΪѿģѾƻһУҪڳӷʱȸһ֮źһˣڣӷܲñ˶³ɾǴǵȫ̼ƻ
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һŲͬΪڳи߲㶼֪ӷǶ³ˣңһܵĶ³ȻһڳӷģܸһŮܰµģǳҵŮѽ
νֹٲֹܣαȥͽλ߸ϣûĳӣǰλС㣬ҪͽĶѽ
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1003 ƼΣ
ʵʢٵĴָйЩеĴֲûʲôͬͬȺͬΪæµţӲҪҳʲôͬĵطҲֻнˣ
ѾȻعѧȥˣӷҲ֪ФҲܵʢˣˣڻʢٵĴйţΣ
ӷ磬ܲõλӽ᲻вѽ
ڳӷʢʱ͸ŵ顣
ԭ˵̻ΪӷҪڴڵ۹࣬ȴû뵽ԭӷȥһۣǽš
˵һżܣǻ˵ĹȥϾż̳ϵľľͬմѧУȻڶѧʱҲѧҵⷽĶһСѾͷһӴӴ󵽸ɵйĹ˾ǲ̫Ϸˣ
ӷЦһ˵ǵӦ
ǿ϶ģ˹ϵ֮⣬Ҫ֪ŵÿһ߲㣬ɶ̳ϵÿһҲһ֮ۡһСѾͷȥЩϺ꣬ô˸˶֪
ҪģЧ𡣡
ӷ⻰еͿ֪ǸɲܲһְģҲ֪һ⣬«ﵽʲôҩѽ
ɣҲ֪һôĴڡȫĴҵʲô棬Ƕһģ㣬ȻͿǵˡ
ȻѾǵˣΪʲô
ɣֻ֪һ֪ѽ
ʲô£
أǳµĹءҰֽӹʱͺԥĽүүЩϽȫ˹˾ȫµһֵҽӰˣãҰڹ˾Щˣʲô뷨ǲ뷨ҵĹƣ뷨ǳ󣬲ңѾڰСֻһΣͺݺݵһĻ㶼㲻Ͼ̳ϲƴҪڰͱ㵶ӣ޷ȥӦĻǾֻվŲͱ
˼˭췴
ֹһֻܶǣ̳ܶϣҽľȥ֣պþ˶ԷȦףǣűߡҲ˵ˣţţһӴĹ˾ңҲСѽڣҽܲõλӣҾֱ˶³λӣɾƻЩһĳƻ֮£ֻķԸң߶ԸĻ͵ڸҷΪĻᣬǵһһҵС
ԭƺÿһ£үү֪𣿡
Ȼүү֪ⶭ³ôᵽҵүүֶѾˣҲţǻҪҪȻڻﲻ飬ֻǰ¡ңڲĻ֮⣬ҲڶңҿԴƱ˵ܲſڣһкܶعڵҵǱֹҽܲǨƻйǾͻ᲻һֶΣܲǵǰ¶ɣҽ鷳Щ֮⣬ƼҸؼ顣ǱҲѾ˳ֵ׼ҲӦ֪ҶｫƼҵԮԣҲһᶢŶġپյʢپѾ¶ˣû´ĻǱһؼӴҲ˵죬ŷ˱ƼңҲ
̵ĺԼأʵ˼˵ԸƼң
ӷЦһ߰ɡ
ȥʲôط
ģɱȥ
˽˺ܶ౾ˣȫйˣЩ˻ڣһʮһ˽֣ϵ˶޷⣬ֱߵ̯λƵЩҲһ飬йȴǸŭԣô˵ҵҲȫǺڵϵңȫƼҵͷ
Щ˽ֵľ֮úõ⣬ǿƼҳƼΣ˽ϵľҲΪƼҵģƼҵˣټ˭ܱԼЩйˣûƼңԼЩй˻۸ѽ
д뷨ҲȥƼңȴЩڵǹģͻһû
ӣΨһϣƼңϣƼܶסɡ
үؼѾſˡ
ƼҿڣƵ㾭ĿԱҮļ߳ѩѣڵȴʲôƵģһոƼҵй꣬˿ҲѾվ⣬ˣپ
ƼȻүҮپ֧ԮƼҵģүδ֮ǰûж
Ƶ㾭۾ڴվԼƼҵˣɵĴЦһ˵ʲôûҪȫ˶ɢ˰ɡ
й˵үؼȽ϶࣬Ӣ¡
ʲôµģô˵Ƽңؼ𡣡
Ƶ㾭ɵΪؼ岻ҶԼгˣ
й˸үӶ꣬ҲүӾȵģүӵԸΪˣ£δŹӲ˷ִ硣
ãϽɢ
үûԱߵҮ˵ҮƼҲѾˣʱҲƼҲæڴˣϷлˡ
̫ˣȻҮѾŮЭ飬ǾѡȻŹͬĵˣǾͬͬ˰ɡ
پ˵Ҫˡ
үӵ˵ͷ˵پͷѾĺˡϷϹͷǰ첻ʲôˣھ鷳㣬ȥϷӭһ¿˰ɡ
پվ˵үӷģһүӺúд͵ġ


1004 
ƼӪô꣬ƼҵıճԱ֮⣬Ҳ˲ٳԱϸ֧֣˵ƼڵϣѾǵڶˣ
˵ƼҲûиԼʲôɵ֣˵Ƽ֮Ϊţ
Ƽҵ׳ѾвĿؼ壬Щ˫֮ҲŲϵĳͻǰ˫֮䶼ƽճֱڣؼǱ߲֪ôͻȻһǿһǿĳԱҲΪǿؼĹϵǴƼңɨƼϵĳӣһеȥѹƼҳԱ
Ƶ㾭ҲǸıˣһֱŷعδǰǰƵ㾭һΪ˶ԣ˵Ƶ㾭Ѿˣ򲻶ˣֻƵ㾭ԼԿؼǰ˵ԼƼңǾԶǵģΨסһʱһ죬ǲǷʱ
ڣƵ㾭֪ʱڵˣԼȴˣ˻ʢ٣ҪһԼʲô˼㽫Ƽҽ˵Ƶ㾭ǳġ
ɣƵ㾭ˣȻŮӷ硣
ڣӷֵµͷսѾƼңϿؼǱҲ֪ǲǵõʲô鱨֪ƼߵԮѾˣԽ죬ؼ̲סɳһ˽֣ƼңҪƼԮж
ѾǱٳ£Ƶ㾭ȴǷǳеڿ֮ڣֻԼƼҵԮԼȥӴһˡ
پ߳ƼҴţʵƼҾͬһҾ¥㣬ȴǸ˳Ժȵĵطһͬ¥ķӡ
Ƶ㾭Ľ֮£ƼҵȫѾɢˣûȫΧڴſڣȴŵ˵ĵҲ˵ڣƼſڣֻپһ˶ѡ
һźɫĺӽͷǱ߿ӵߣ˸ܣƣͺǾӳ㣬پҲѾؼбģǰ࣬˵ֻȷ沿Ӱˣں棬д
ϾƼңپҴ⣬ҲûؼϾ飬پĲ٣ǵϮǴĵ̣پųӷ羭˷ḻľ飬ᱻؼһǰŵһ֮ԣҲûһ˿ı顣
Ϊ׵ĺƼҴſֹֻͣһˣӳ£漴гҲͬʱ˼ʮͬˣЩһȫǴģ㣬پֻҪǵϴһ¾ܿĳ
Ϊ׵˼Ƽſֻһˣһ꣬̾뵽һƵ㾭ϼһɳġ
ѵӭԼ˵ģⲻ̫ܣЩƼҿɴδԼؼǰһоʵĸʱƼҲû£ɳʲôӭӡ
ңƼѾԮԼ˾ǽӵǰ̽һƼҵģƼ޿ֵĻǾ˵ʲôˣؼҲϾǱѾרԱؼ壬ϿؼԼõһ鱨֪ƼҵԮпйĶһƼҵҮ壬һǶڿؼ˵޴в
ȻûȷƼҵԮǷˣǷйĶ㻹֤ɲҪԷˣˣΪڣҪʱ䣬ȥԮ飬ؼǾԲģȻ鶼ѾչһƼңҪ̵ʱڽҲ˼
Ϊ׵ֱپ˹ûһŵĶСӷûȥپһۣҪƼҡ
پҲûȥΪ׵ˣɢɱΪ׵ھپʱɵһ£Ȼͣ˽Ų漴ȥ
һľĻţһƤĵӣǰⶫСӵǱ飬һ֣ǾǧնŻӵеġ
Ϊ׵ʵپֳǸһѾʪһƬˮͲɵơ
پûȥֹЩһȥͽɣƼ֮ĻұضЩһǰл
پ˵ţȻҲҪʲôˣ֮ǰϾЩߣɾͲپܹӦˣ
λѣƼҵˣ
Ϊ׵˸Ƽҽս꣬ƼЩʲô֣᲻֪һƼҴС֮⣬Ͳκθ֣ǰֻǿڸԼؼԵġڣƼſͻȻվһ˿µĶСӣΪ׵˿ɲ̫ˡ
ǡ
پĶ֣ûЩһҪֵĻĲŶѽԼһһͿԽȫսŴ˵ʵ
ȻƼҵˣǿؼҲΪ㡣ҲǸ˲ţлĻԼǿؼ塣
ɣⶼûͼǽˣҲǽһؼڵ𣬵ûˣ
ҪȥȰ¡
پ˫һתΪ׵ˡ
Ϊ׵˱پһ˼ʵȻ㲻ƼҵˣΪʲôҪΪƼҳͷѵ㲻֪ƼңܿҪ군𣿡
˫Ӣ˵ڣپȴһй군ģǿؼ塣
һйΪ׵һ£
йˣйˣپҲȻѾƼˣҲûʲôֵñģϾԼΪ˰Ƽؼġ
йپ
ЩһûĻй֣پ֣ʱĶҵĺڵƱɫѽϾپϴһصĴڣڹû֪׽ʲôֵģڡƺЩ˵ֺƿڣԺܶʱֻҪ˵йڵϵĽɫǰȻ˵޼Ϻ֮ģ֪һģڷ죬ȻǶپǼ
һپԱţΪ׵ޱ䣬ÿս׼ʵйپ


1005 
Ȼ޷ȥ֤ǰٷ֣Ϊ׵룬ӦòɵȥðپɣѾڿǸעĶҲѾˣ˵ʲôʱͻᱻǹգ˭ȥð
Ϊ׵˽ôҪ̽һƼҵģƼǲǱ˵йĶĻԶĿǰ˵ǿؼҲƱҪı֮ǰļƻһϵеİţ
ȻؼϾĺֵֹƼ˰֣ʲôİ֣ǶģǳάԼ棬᲻һеĸƼһӲսΣǰؼǹǳľؼļƼжĻǾһҪʱֹ֮ͣǰļƻﲢǿؼеô򵥣رǶλصľȻйڣǲһʵǿؼ޷ȥеģ֪жƼңؼ廹һĳȥĻһǲӣλصľӣһͲǰƼˣǿؼֱӿ˶ڶԶڵ˵йǼΪ͵ģҽһΪߣйע⡣ͲͬˣѾưйǽҪģǽ磬һڿؼ彫ˣǾֱӸ˶һ˷˵ĺûᣬҲԽᣬȫ粻ͬĵطһ粨
Ϊ׵֮ǰķԸƼ֮жˣǾͲԵĻǸùϵǧҪˣΪԼؼ岻Էӡ
Ϊ׵¶ɬЦݣĲʣ鲻Ըһֻ֣Ӣ˵ϴĴѾ׹ҵҡ
پɱĮı飬£Դ˵£Բ¶ЦݵģҲԲԷ֡
ؼļ֪λصľƼҵŮĻ治֪һôı飬֪£ǿؼȻ뵽λݣǱߣҲһὫһġ
Ƶ㾭Զɽʱѣ׼ңƾϵ˸ȥƼҷֺΣҵ´´ƣƼҵĻҲͲȵˣͳ֣ؼˣƼҳư
ҲҲΪʲôؼֱڲŸƼֵҪԸ֮һ
ԭûгȻĴڣƼ֮ĴսؼŰٷٰ֮յģڣȻðһ治֪Ƽôϵϵġ
Ϊ׵˼پ⸱Įӣ֪ǲԼˣ˼öĵһսԼֻǿؼһССԱ˼ҲҲǺġ
ϴ󣬸һʢ٣˵ģǴŶģ
ҪΪ׵˱Ҫ
˵پ˵ƼҵģûôˡԶģҲѾˣ
پ˵ôǸô
ϴԸ˵Ƽңǽ쿴ϴϣǽտȷŹƼҡϴԶƼҵģǾϴظǾ
Ҵʲô
ﲻйǸƼ֮飬ǾƱػӰҺڰĲǸʱ򣬶ͲǿؼΪˣڸȫڵΪС
پЦһвң
ҡֻǸСɫˣвϴϴͷ˵Ųߵʲôط˲ӡҲϴǸģǶӣǸλӣ㣬˵ģҪǵ顣
һ£ڵô
پ䣬ҲȶԷشսѾ֣ৡһֱӽΪ˵
һĻ̫죬̫죬ڵʯ֮䣬˭Ҳ벻پȻͻȻͶˡ
ЩһֻһֻڵϣΪ׵ֻоԼԱһ飬֮󣬾ҵʹʹҽ˳

ɱĲҽַֹɫȫˣһġ
⣬вҵ³
پսһӣѾģ뿪Ļپ־͵д
һСɫȻҲҸԼ˵ǿؼ廹˲ѽ
ϴ󣡶֣
ȫһӵϣپսսͷŵˡ


1006 ɾ
ƼһҲû֣پһˣſؼüʮ˵Ĵ飬پȴ治ɫûκεļ٣·һȺϰ㣬ַ·һ̣ҪǰЩͳͳҽһ֮Ҫ˷
ؼѾǹ˳ҽΪ׵˸˳һֻ䣬ʹ࣬ɲʲô˶ܵ˵أͬʱЩؼĳԱҲڼʶ˶Ŀֺ֮֮ݶ֮죬˷ʤ
پһֻսѾһſŵĴײˣս֮ѪĽһĻƼ֮ڵƵ㾭үӶ벻ģⶫͷսԭ֮ͣԼŮˣǵˣǽ죬ԼƼҿҪ군ˣ
ÿһʱǱʶﶼȥηǰԼͬʱĻкܶˣΪԱܶ˶һʱѡˣһһ˳ǰ棬Լȵһ˵
پеսͬеǲƵģɢŨҵϢÿһӳҪû˿ı
ҲǴη壬Ҳ֪ʲôطһеħħ
һ˿ؼÿһ˵ĶУҲʹһ̿ʼپֶһħţħ飬һһͲģǰеȫͲһ֮ˣħ֮ƣʵ飡
ҳ壬ȥɱҪ
˶ںڣѪͣҲ˲ôˣپħɱԼС϶ԣҪģǽپס
ʮȫپǺ£ʲôã£ǹѾʲôˣһҪǹĻپҲλ˵򲻴һ£ܣҪȰԼ˸ŵˣ
ڳʹಢŭźɱʱͻأֻڳϡ顱һ͵ĺϣһ͹ڵһ
ϵˣһʯͷⲻѽѵ߿׹Ѿģƽһҳڣڵ˸벻̫࣬Ҳ̫ܲ࣬ͷҪԼ˳ȥɱپϣڣֻߡৡһ£ʲôԼͷϳԼ
ûļӦǸͷȴѾ뿪Ĳӣһͷ­˳⡣
һʷÿؼһһĿÿһˣѾֹͣ˴򶷣ûһȥپˣǿǺϵһꡣ
ϵĶһپͬսϻһεεѪԣѪڳǸ˵ġ
ղһ˲䣬ͻȻڳϵĶ˳ڵ˸ոͷ֮һȥ˸նף˵ͷ
̼䣬ͷ飬ղűپһֻ䣬ڵãͷ˸Ҳ̫˰ɣȥپҪĶ꣬ȻħҪ£Ǳħ񶾵ĽɫǵĶħ
¿ɺãսһħһ˶ħ治֪ЩûʲôʶأǸûɱ飬پǿɼˣ㿳һ˵ͷҲûʲô˵ģڿؼЩһ￴ȴǼΪֲһĻ
ͻȻںϵĶ꣬Ȼף׽еսһ£һָЩһǾһɱ
һħһħյĶħ˵ҲӦǶˣйĶﵽǻڵЩѽⲻƼҵģɱ˵ģ
پ˵ͷҲû뵽һȻô˹һ֮Щһʰģӣǲˡ
һѾȺ֮УҲЩһﷴӦвͣĺɱ֣еսͣĿЩһϡ
ֽɣ죬ؼЩһǼʶʲôɱ¾
پղɱҲѾˣʣµĽҡ
״Цһ飬ϲ
پҲȥսһգصƼҴſڣǿϷ㣬֤һĻ
ɱǿƵģнУֻҪǳӷҪɱģǾȫˣֻһЩ磬ʣ
ؼѾһ룬ɱ𾢣û뵽֡
ף̫ˣôҲҪҰɡ
һ֣һѩɫװ˫ӣԵŮˣͨԵ֡
ϵЦȴǰа񣬿ʱҲ˻Ƥ
ȥ֡
״ŭ쵰ԴûռԼıˣڻԼɱѾģӷ㲻ɣ
˵˧磬ͲҪһ˵˵ġСܵġ
һץһˣĵ˵һڣץסһỳаɣ
һס˵ĲӣаЦɣܿͻȥġ
ǣ
˵ĲӶˣ־ȻЦݣⶼʲôѽǵǲˣ
ͷһŮ߹ǳӷ磬̸佣
ǳӷʽŰݷүӣȻǾ͵һССļɡ
ܶؼҪܣ佣罣Σ缲磬һֱɱһѪ·
ӷʲôûƵģ̤ʬѪֱƼſڡ
پ΢΢һĸ
ӷ˵ͷ˵ɾ
ǣ


1007 а
Ƽҵ֪飬ҲкܶʹӲͬĽ䣬ɱһĻʵ̫ˣѹԼүʱһֱڵȣ˵йǱ߻ԮģйǸԮһԼƼҷʱˡ
ԭ˵ܶ˶Ϊү˳˵˵ģƼ⼸ʮδйǱӴôĶйǱߵû뵽컹ˣˣģйһ
پЩʬ壬ҲҸطˣҪЩʬȫ͵ؼȥҲǳӷ˼ɾֱؼȥɣҲǸһ
Ȼڳӷ˵ͲҪôĶʱʱ躹ޣڳӷո˵Ϊǵѡ񡣿йؿؼ飬ǣƼңΪҪǣʮǰ飬Ӣ۵ĴԳӷŻ˼ҵֶ£͵ÿؼȴϣϢɣԼȫ׼ˣһжƻˣһɱϣʱ
ǲʱδʱһɱ¾
ӷһƼҴţͬƵʽļ壬óӷ綼ɵĵ˵ͷƵķȫйʽģ˿ŷʽӣƼô꣬ȴδԼйˡ
ڳӷ˽Ƽ֮ƼҵĳԱҲһһʺãȴ֪һй˭ҲȻ벻濴ȥ˹˹ĵ꣬ȻǶľپϴ
С˭ѽȻôСԴƼңĵĵһѽǰδ
ǡСʲôʱһߵôѽǰû
˵᲻ǴСѽ
̵飬ʵƼҵѾ֪ˣʱϾĶ飬Щ˲ûȥμӣԲ֪һ˭
˭ܸҴӦһµ͡
׼ǮҰɡ
һŮһ䷿˳ֱЩ۵߹
ѾѾ֪ǸС˭𣿡˵˫ȫŮŮҲǸйˣϵʣȴѾʽҲƼΨһһʽĳԱ
Сӣ˵ҪСһ㣬λ磬ɲʲô˶ܵء
ѾѾĻüе㶣ҲԣСԴˣܻѵС˹ĵı֮£ſµʵɣ
ѾѾͱǵθˡϽ˵˵˵˭
ѾѾûӣֱӻشСδ˵˭
ѾѾһʣ˶һ
Сδǻ治ö룬ңӷ磡
ǳӣ
ûΪλ֮⣬˭ʸôСԴؼġ
ӲѽϴģһǳҼ̳ˡ
һ¼һ𶼲ҵļһȷǸɵйĳҼ̳ˡ
˼ǽе͵ô˼ѧϰ˼ΪΨһļ̳ˣɴӲߵٿЩһһϵǳʮġ
ʮΣƼҵЩԱǴֱѽ
Ƕˣ֮ҵļ̳˶ˣ£кϷˣҵ֪ؼ֪ºʲô顣
ѾѾٸЩһ˫ۿѾ˿ĳӷ磬˵Ƕˣλӽŵѵɺ𣿡
ѾѾΪ˺ǴҲᵥȥ룬ƼңȴǸô۵Ľɫƾ̣֪Ѿͷʲô֣
ڿڣүӸҮӷˣվ
үЦӷ磬үүȵĺѽ
ӷЦүүʱܿˣ飬ɴɣͲùˡ
˵Լ˵ȥӣӷ绹ȥؼӴңһؼ壬ûʸóӷλǿȥģӷڵȣϣ˳֣Ѿ뵽ؼ֮ԿԴƼңһǵõϣ֧֣ҲһֱڹעйǱߵ顣
ӷ粻Ϊϣĸؼ壬صذؼԷƼҵģһΪ飬£Ҳһʮǰйأ
үϻοһЦ˵ȻѾˣҲͿԷĽҵˡӷѽүүɰѳ˵ǰ档ɴԣϾŮӣܶ飬ģҪʱ̰үү
үүģҵӣǳҵϱԣû˿˺
Ƶ㾭ˣҲôһŮƼҪŮȥģǰǾŮСܶ鴦̫ʺϣûһ˰ڲһˣԼŮһڵԼŮߣԼʲôϽҪôȥϰɡ
ӷҲɵǳҵļ̳ˣҵļ̳˿ܻԿ𣬿ܻȻᡣԼŮˣֻҪ̽ӹƼңƼҲȻȻڳ
Ƶ㾭֪ӷ뷨һ̾ôүүôѽǳˣǼ۵ϣ
㽫ƼҸ˳ӷ磬ҲûʲôڳӷĴ£ƼҽǰӴ󡣳֮⣬Գҵ˵ҲںƼҵҲ˵ԺľΣƼңܻģֱӲңɳϱһ֧ȥչ
ҮǰЦӣþòˡ
ӷ˵ͷ˵ҮʱҪƼͣͺ˰ɡ
ĻᣬȺйĹ裬壬Ҳһѽ
ֿ֣ڿʼҪʧȥˡ
Үȵľǳӷ仰ؼ岻ƼҵĵˣҲԼҮĵˡ
ǳӴʲôʱ֣
֣˵Ҫ𣿡
ҮЦһ£֪ӷʲô㣬«ʲôҩ
̸ͺˣҪҪȥǳҵļҵģƼߵ飬ҽǸˡ
̱˳ӷһۣţܸƨҽڰе鶪ԼָС
˵ʵʶӷôˣӷʲô̻治֪һͲ֪ʲôа³ƣֽôƿؼ壬̻Ǻڴġ
ৡ
ͻȻ۹һֻһӰ֪ʲôʱԼҡ
Ҫ֪ڿѾˣӷϴ赤ͳߣټΪĵҩ̸ƴţǼΪһǧڣǱԼƼԼ֪Էʲôˣ
ӷһסҪֵ̣˵𼱣Լˡ
ӤҰͬȰ֣˵ҲѾ鵽ˡ
˵꣬ӤҰһϽӷӷһĵ˵ͷоһ㡣
ǣ
ӤҰĿ죬ȥҲ죬գ۵ĹѾӰˡ
ߣҲΪߣ
ʵڲ֪ӷʲôʱӰҲߵģңΪԼ֮ϡ
ɣ̫ࡣ㻹ȸүүҮ̸̸ɡһὫپǼ㡣
أ
Ҫȥһˡ
ӷүӴкֱȥҲûȥʳӷҪʲôˣӤҰʲôˡ
֪ӷһͽӤҰɵˣѹֵʱھսôҪʱӰӶûг֣飬ӷ֮ǰѾ߰ˣ
һҲѽǸʱ򣬳ӷӦûûЩĵҩѵ⼸֮ڽӰӱߵģٶҲ̫˵ɡ


1008 ʮļƻ
ؼ塣
ϿǰЩʬ̺ӣķŭ˼飬ŭƼҾȻɱԼôˣ˼ǣԷֶҲ̫˰ɣԼǸڵ壬ƹֶΣҲûùֶɱѽֱּħҪ£ֶҲֻеӰвŻֵŶΣʵţ˭ɱ˵ʱ򣬻ֶεģ
ϿԼһЩȱȫʬ壬շһ£ЩɱˣȫǱһϵģǵʱû˿֮󻹱ŵıԵļΪֻţɼ֮ǰŶѹɱ֮ˣҲûκεֶΣһĿȥͽЩ˸ˣ
˺ʵЩʬˣƼҸɵģ
ʳ仰ʱϿضţƼôЩ꣬Ƽҵֶһôλ棬ϿһˣƼңҲԲд˵ȸ֣ô֮ˣֻ˭
ԱһƷ˵ʱȥƼҵˣȫˣԣû֪ʱǵʬͻ֮ȴƼҵģʲôû˵ֻǽʬ嶪ˣҪֹûļ
˵ӣרԱ˵ǰ㣬Ƽң˸Է˳ɾйĶˣ
ڵ˶໥˼ۣйĶֶεȷȫ繫ϵĿ£Ƽ潫ˣǽ飬ܼ֣ԼЩ˽ҪԵˣǰδеĿ£
ԱߣͶؼļһ˵Ŀǰ˵ǲӦ̫ȥʲôȻƼǱѾй֧ԮߣҲҪиּ롣
Ͽ쵰ʱԭΪǻԼʲô棬磬ⷽ棬ϾԶɽŵģҵˣⷽ涼ʮ־ͨģȴϣһֱһǴķ޷Լؼ治˵ƭƭȣǿͶԼؼʱһʵʽϿ罫Ǹһ߳ˣ
ûûõķϿɣǲǳԶɽӣλ߸ϵĳҲδ̫˰ɣ
Ըȥ˶ҪȥƼҵˣûҵӲ̤Ƽҵĵ̡
Ͽһ£͵ڽ֮ǰаŸƷˣҪ²
İôõʱ䣬Ҫһ¿ʼϿ˵ҲһִϿҲ֪Լ嶯ΪĻĺͲԼܳеˣ
ܴڵˣϿһŷʽ鷿鷿һ׷ӣӦòˡ
׷аһСʱʱָףԳһϣȴ࣬ôһˣ
˵ĹȻû
ؽ鷿ǳĶ׷һ˵
׷̧ͷһϿأ˵ǵ¹Ȼûˡأ֪ĻҾͻҪӹܿؼ塣
ϿضͷðƶСĺˮ֪ǰ׷ӵͷ֪׷ӿ˵ĵ˭һԼӴһӵžʵ
¾ټңȻҵһ㡣֮£ǲģƻ˵µļƻ
š㻹ûϺͿ˶ˣ
һҡ
ȫ͵ʵȥɣֽ֣Ҳµˡ
Ͽһ󺹣λµԼȥƼҵ˻ȫɱˣɼȻ֪Ϊʲôʱֹ
˵ǲǺ֣Ȼ֪˻Ϊʲô㣿
ϿҲʣֻǵȴţ˽ֵƢʱԼʣҲԼġ
Ȼ˵Ϊʬʵ̫ңҲȥɱˣעģԾֻ㼸ˡ
ϿȻǲ뵽һ㣬һл͵һ£Щһȫɱ˿ħѽΪǸԣ֪ɱ˶ˣ
ڣǵġƻѾִʮˣʮȴ̫ĳɹУйǱߵȫ𣬲һǰʱڣʹǵ뽫ƻƺĴ㣬ϾйĶﲻСӣʢҲ֪ķ粨һġƻ˳ȥ鷳ܴ󡣡Ͽ˵ģһκ֪ƻģ֪ˣΪʵƷ
š˵ͽΪǵʵƷˣڶ飬Ͳùˣ
лȳȥˡ
һ¡
ʲôԸ
أ֪޸㣬ʲôϵ
һ֣Ͽصɫ䣬һʱ˷ִ磬֪˵ʲôˣ
ӣ޻ǿؼѽ
ǵģ˵ûȷǿؼˣңҵֶӡ
ŶԭֶӣҲ˵ɱˣ
ǰ飬Ͽز˵ÿÿľΪڣ޶֪ĸ׵ôģ֪µҲѾȫˣϿû뵽ԼΪ˵õؼɱԼһҵ飬Ȼ֪ˣ
һʱûϾɱȴΪһ޷µĴ󻼡
ǵȴڣȷһؼ޷ȥµġɷģȻʮǰѾ˳Ȼᱣס㵱飬Զ֪ġǵѾԵĻø޸ùϵϾһǵͬȼĸ֣ļ룬ֶһ۷֣һֻȡƻһɹưʱ򣬵ʱǳңҲֵˡֿδ̫󡣱˵ǸЩٵ񣬾ôڳҵǰëɣӷҵԴ磬οǳԶɽۡ
֪ôˣлᣬһ̸̸ġ
šշҲһʱɡ


1009 һ
ҹڷߣʺɱ˵ʱͬʱڸ˵Ǿսʱ̣
λڻʢ֮ĳɭУչһս˫Ӱɭ֮вϵĴţֲͬɫĹâΪһÿõĴȴǾþѷʤ
˵ĸ˵ʤ֮䣬Բһʲô֮£ɴ⣬³Ǳ
ɭڵĴ⽣Ӱײ˼Ķɭָû˾סû˾ס֮ľսû֪
ӤҰͬɭϱߵһô֮ϣ˿ɭмλõһսǼΪ𾪣ǵУͬ񻰰Ĵڣһˣһֻ֣ͿԽԼء
ȻѾΪߣڴ˶˵ǻͬϰѽ
̾˿Ϊ̿͵ǵһη˵ۣԷʵǿǿܲͷ
Ƕǿˣ
ӤҰ仰þݺݵĵͷȷǰǿҲǱǿ֪һǿǿߣҪǿ󣬾ߵÿһˣҪ𽥵ǿΪһ֧ǿߵĶ飬ӵ޵սǲǿ
ӤҰԼûˣ˵ĻҲʵ֣Լ˴һ̿ͣһߣѾΪߣһת˵򲻿ܷģɵӷʢٵĵһ죬ͽѾ⻪ʢٺüµľӤҰ˹һ˸һŵҩǶ̥ǣһԪʮĹûȫɹʹĶ˵Ϊһҹ֮䣬ֱӾͳԽǼЩǳӷҪĿģӲǾӤҰյ㣬ӷ֮Ƚԭܼ򵥣ϾҪʱµģʵĻպҪôȥ£
һǿϢӾת
ӷͬվ˾ǰһϣ
û뵽Ȼһ𡣡
ֻоǲ֮ˣһǸոճֵġ
ţҲãһȥҡ
䣬ӷ˻֣ʧΡ
ԯһսԴڱ𣬹ﱻɱ֮ԯһֱʧû뵽Ȼ
ⳡսԣԯսģ֮Ϊͬͬ;Ҳ£ԣһһĶǵĺϷ
ԯû뵽Ľּѽ
һ
ٷϻȷֳ°ɡ
ʵ֮ͲҪˣҪĻʮǰѾˡ
ʵҲ򣬵ʵ̫ˡ
ôһûºˡҪȥҳСӱ𡣡
𣿡
ԯһЦ˵Щ˵˸ˣǻȥԯɲǵˣʵǰıֶΣˣǰˣԶκνڡ
ʵڹ֪ܲˣĸ˵ҲͲʺκ֯ҪĸһԶ׷߾硣
ֻϧôŬǶɹ٣޷ˡ
ԯ䣬ҲԵеʧˣһɲһޣڽоս֮Уû뵽Ϊ仰䣬ͱֳ˵ʧУǰĻĴ󶼲ܷϣǰǳٹԯʶĳЩ顣
֮䣬ԶԶλô򵥡
ͻأһԯͬʱһͿ⴩Լľˣȴڣ˳ԾС
ʲôˣ

ͬʱһطǵĶ棬Ҳһ⳯ǳ˹
ǿ
Ϥ
ǳۣ
ǣԲǡǡ
ⲻܣ
顭
ͬʱһˣ˫֮£ԯͬʱ˳˰֮ԶɶԷһ˶ûˣԸǿԼѹ˹
֮ڣԳһݣԯݣȫ˫ϴһ񻰣һ񻰣˭վ㹻ʵһСĹҸѪϴˣڣԴ˵ⶫȻֳǰδеľţΣǣ־壡
ӷ磡
ɢȥԯˣˣȻǳӷ磡
ôܣӷʲôʱߵǿˣʲôʱӵ˸ͬǵԯɶ̩ɽʱоģʱǡɱԼ˵ģӦ˵ĸˣһѾ˵Ѫħ
ӷԯǰʮ֮ôһʱ䣬ټʱӷȫһˡ
ǵĵһμԯʱϽǣǸʱӷ統ԯ˷졣һμʱ̨֮ĺǸʱ򣬳ӷ罫ˣڵʱ֣㹻ɱӷ磬ӷҲԡ
񣬳ӷѾߵݣԴ֮ΪҲѾ𾳽磬һƷľ磬ӷڵѪѾѣҲԿסƻˣ˲񷶦ʣôὫԯһжҲǾûġ
λǵţˣҪôԾɣ
ӷЦݣԼɲɱԯģˣҲһ
ӷ磬㡣Сôܡ
ԯ໥һۣͬʱ˳ӷ磬ӷɢȷǶǿˣѵӷĳԽ˶ɽٺ۷徳磬һߵľ
ʱľž٣ԯڲͬĵطоͬǿѹҲΪžٵĹϵô˶뵽ϣܻиߵļڣԼȴ޷ȥӴǸλ档
ڼӷȻԼ֮ϣԯţѵʱľž٣ǳӷĲɣңСӻɹһ٣һȫµľ磬ôܳԽԼˣԼ֣Ȼ׸ˣ˵ӷҪɱԼˣҲ׾֮ѽ
ǰĸ֣ǿߣһ̣ȴ˾֮ܣָоִʣԯܵס
ǵӣе㻳ɡҪȴһһϡ


1010 Ů
ĸĶ۶ȥսԳӷ磬мԣӷڵʵŴȵ澭ž٣ԯΪӷһӾʹӵصȥˣٶȣӲš
һԡ
ԯǰû̫Ķûһ־;춯صĿţһѷɽ֣ӷ˹ȥ
ӷԭһҲҲûлֻɢڵǿ֮Դԯķɽסˣʹ޷ٿԼֺ
ԯӴһҪԼķɽӷ壬Σӷɢ޷ȥµģ˵Ƿɽ޷ٽӷһԼ壬Ҳǧѹ޷һ¡
ڵķǳȥԼ۾ˣǰûôصСӣԼԾɱСӣ񣬾Ȼӵ˴˵ʵ̫˾ˡ
׷߾ԯ˿̵鶼һãмʣǲ˼飬š
ԯ㡣
Ͳסˣ죬ԯķɽֱӷ磬ȴһġ
ӷ֣ǰԼ˵˵һκһУԼӲסģɽʱѲͬգνǰǰˣһ˻ˣοӷӵеľ磬ԯܽӴģȾ綼֪
ʵڳӷһЩ뷨һԯˣҲ뷨࣬ǹŴĻԯ˾ֶĴֻͣƻϼǣҵĴڣΪκˣκ£κεľһ϶һˣҲƱʿΪ֪Ҳôˡ
ңԯ㣬Ҳŵ㣬ˣԶλ֮ϣҲһ֮£֮ϵĴڣԺܶ˶ǸвͬʱҲܲκ˲в
һôˣӷ粢֪Ψһ֪ǣ̵ʦһ̸ֽģ⣬ԯĹͬǣҲһ׷۷壬Ȩƣһ㶼ϣҲǳӷ֮ǰо飬֪Ȼǿؼˣң껹һͳΪɿؼļǣ⣬˵ϣû뵽һСͶԸҲȽ壬Ըڿؼ壬֮Ϊνħߣ۷ĵ·
ҲѾʵĸĸοؼļģ£ӷʱ٣Լؼ֮ǰ˵ӷҲ֪ؼ˹ϵ໥֮䲻ݣϹҲû֪
ԯǳӷҪˣõ˵ĻǶڳӷδ·кܴİ
ȻԯĿǰΪ˵ܰӷ̫飬ҲǶԸǼͷˣһǼһһ֣ԯͽ޲ߣԳӷѾ⣬Ҫô˶ԶĽףͬŵǱߡ
һӣԳӷڵΪԼ֮⣬˵޵ˣȻ׵Ľԯķڵء
ԯȥִǶʵеܲסԯղҲ˵ܾǰܣκνڣѵһСӵͲǰˡ
ңˣ
ԯ̾˿ˣԲΪӷͶ̫࣬ʵԼ֮ϣǸӤʤԼҲһüͷġ
ȷˣ
Цһû뵽鷢û뵽ϳ˳֮⣬׵ĴԼ˻ǳ۵Ķӡ
ӷ統Ȼ䳰ȷǰ˵ʵѾԼ֮ˣԼЩһʤ˻۴̼䣬ǰַҪԶɣҲκε衣
λǰûжɱ֣·ߣ죬ͬΪλġ
ӷ˫һȭ˵롣
˵꣬ӷתҪˡ
һ治֪Щʲôصԯģڴһͷߣʲô˼ѽ
һ¡
ԯóӷͣһ½Ųʵʲô𣿡
ǰ٣İɣ
š
Ǵ˵еľž٣
û
Ϊǡ
ӷ簵һЦתشһƷ
һôľ磿
һԽľ硣

νǵľ磬Ҳߴ󾳽磬ֲֻͬˡ֪ߣħߣҲֻһǿڵǰˡ
ԯɫǳѿ߸ħֻһǿǰһôĴڣԼǲǡ֮ܡ
ﲻ˵ĵطλҪ֪𾳽磬Ǿɡ
ԯ໥һۣɳӷȴûǻ᲻ҲҪȥ룬һ׷߾ļһڵ֪бڸߵľ֮ѵˣһ᲻һеĸģӷͿԿʼԼǿ߼ƻˡ
ŵǵһԯǵڶԼ㹻ʸȫΪǿߡ
ȻҪ磬ǿԶԶģԣӷѾһĴ㣬ǸطһԼ󲻵ڵģǸطҲԼȥӦ˵Ӧȥĵطؾ֮أǧֹϼҡ
һжڰճӷļƻţɳӷȴû뵽Լ뿪ɭʱһɫŮˣ˳ӷ˸ղڵԱߡ
ֵطȻŸ߹֣ͷϻһǳ߹ĺɫñӣñӵ߻һ㣬ԵʮλãŮ˵Χһ΢΢İɫĺɫǺڰ䣬˼صϢ
ŮǰĻӶһ£ֻǰһŵֵķţŮ˵˫ۣǿ㣬ٵĶЩţŻһַǳֵĳѶŰ
ӾϣǺԼʹЩ˵Ϊ˵ǵʹպǱˡûϵȻѾˣȻǣʲôһǲӵĻҲֻܷǣѡˣ
ŮᲽ֮أǴݲ


1011 
ʢһҲڣӷԯͣѹ͵ʱ䣬ָ߼ǲһ͵ġ
ţţƣΪģΪ˽ԯΪã˵Լ£ӷҲѵõݳһأµɱǲܴˡȻνĳɱȻһٷô򵥡
ƾŻλĿζɡ
ʲô˶꣬ƣǼٵġһ£ٲƿѽô綼ͬһݵľţԳӷƿֻǰ˾Ķѡ
ӹȻִ󷽣һҲҪʮɣ
ڿؼ壬ȻЩûؼӴֻһĵ׷߾磬СͳԹ˸ߵζһָ߼Ȼ̫ľн
ԯһˣּ߶ģţŸƣǲڣԼֶ֪ɴ͸Կȫ㣬ץˡ
Ա߼˼ӷǲЩľӦָߵεĵطܽӴЩûһʵļһɴģֻҪǮܽ˸ϳȥѽң𿴳ӷ˵ĴŴ粻ôÿһ˵ϣһڲͬʣҲ˵һʣڵĿˣͲķԱҴ̫ãԼܲסɢƣ
һٷû̫ãԯҲصԷģеǣҪ
𾳽磬ǵһôĴڣ
ʵ
ӷҲ˵ʲôϻֱӾͽʥһ˵е϶쾳ԯ
˶˳ӷ署ɫҪѿжѿԼ׷ô꣬û뵽ȴΪ˾֮ܣԼӵеļ𣬳ֻǸ𲽰ˣ
Դߣ˵ڶɹ֮󣬻ҪһܳΪԴߣΪǿߣ
žˡǰҲѾо˾žٵҲͲˡǾž٣ȷġңھž֮һֱӸӣҲ˵ҪɱҳӷģѾˣҲɱҡ
һž٣Ȼȫˣԯͬʱųӷ磬治֪ǳҵô̵ģ¶޼ɵȥɡ
ַһ룬ĳۣҲ𣬸ӷӵģʵҪ͵ˣ
벻һΪԴߣЩһƽƽ
һ仰ԯվ޷ܰɣӷ⻰˵Ҳ̫赭д˰ɣԣҪΪԴߣһǳõˡ
óСӣӷݸԯ˵һ˳һš
ԯû˿ԥӲʲôҩԼɵϣڵĳӷ˵ҪɱԼ˵Ļ֮ǰȫԶ֣ûҪô໨
ӳ¶ǣԯʱоԼĹȻʮꡣ
ʮĹѽ˵ˣҲ̫˰ɣԼʮĳɹڳӷ˵һССӾ͸㶨ˣ
ԯı˾֮⣬ǲ԰ף
ҩȻƳΪĵҩ
ֻ׼ĵҩˡŵҩ˵ҪǳΪԴߣӦò˿Ļ˰ɣ
ɲҪ̫ע⣬ȻҪ˵Ļͻܲˣûа׳ԵͣҪʲô
ֱӾͿżɽ
ܺáȻѾ˵ŷϣҲͲ˵ĵķϻˡҰǳΪԴߣǵΪһǵǰ޷ĵزǣǱ顣
ꣿ㳤Ҳ̣ԯĴ˵㵽Щɽȥһ¾͹ȥˡԳӷ磬ԯ֪ӷʲô£Ŷٵˣ綼ˣӷµĻ治֪֮󻹻š
ҴӦ㡣
ԯ޹˼ȾһڴӦҲӷϡ
ÿһ˶㣬ԯΪһһ׷۷ļһջʱ᲻ͷٸ߰ǿߣǿŵǵȵزҪڳӷĵҩǰͷοԯ
ʵʲôʱǸ߼ĵҩ
Ȼ⣬ȻҲԯһӷͬһˣպᷢʲô£ΪǻϵΨһ׷׷ûˣǻʲô壡
ӷóֽԯһһţ˵ҩ˵ƳģǰҪԭϡܿϧԭѾˣǵֽϣдԭϵƸصأǿ԰дȥң˭ҵˣҵĶ࣬ƳĵҩȻͶࡣҲôһ־ͿˣΪÿһΪĵҩгɹʧʵģҲ˵ҩԽ࣬ΪĻԽ󡣡
ӷ˺üĴ㣬һҪ˶˰Լ£֮ļһȥԭϣǶԼûʱ䣬Уʺģԯˡ
ʮ꣬ʮ꣬һˣЩʱȥѰԭϵĻԴߵ磬͵ڰǵǰ
ԯֽתߣҲû˵ʲô漴ˡ
ӷĺ˿ںƣͷһǷˣǽ͸ˡ
ӷҲţ´μԯʱͽһĺϷ̨ԼⳡϷĵ֮⣬ͬʱΪĹڣȴԲԱ


1012 ֮϶

Զɽ˽ʮʱ䣬뵱ΪԼزۺ󣬾ʹһУطϣһһ죬ʲô飬ȥᡣ
һλ飬ȷһЩ˲벻顣ɵһλǿűıڻ֮ӻһЩ벻顣
ɣλɣĳүӣʧú󣬷·һȫµ񣬴ɶӴСӴڻһĽӴЩ£λүӣλ׳ƵĲүȻҲû̫뷨ˡ
ү˰Ĳ鲻ԸģҲΣԼӦҪչ˺λүӵģȻүӸͲҪԼչˣ
һֻڻ԰ˣųӷʲôԼʲôʱȥӷ磬ү˵ӷڻ̫ѣԼҪȥҲʱֻȴڰȳӷҪԼʱٹȥ
һˣаЦжٴЩΣ΢΢Ʈ˫Ȼһתʱ԰Ļ䣬ȫһ˪ȴûκεĿή
˪ļ漣ĳ֣漴ֻȥ԰ел䣬뿪˵棬Ļ꣬ȫӲͬĻϷָĳ
һǿдĻһЩڰ֮пٵתγһС
Ӧϳ֣ҲԶԶԽϵӵеǣʵʵȷӳģԼ֪ԼӵǿǴӾžٹ󣬲ӵеġ
ͣ͵뷨˵Ȼȥ̫࣬ǰʱҲûӳ˵ڲǸоһǿĿµԼסׯ԰ѹҲġ
һƬƻΪһӰգۼʹгׯ԰֮ڣһȹĸ߹Ůˣʮ֮
ߵֻᷢݺݵȴٴа㣬ǰһǸ߹ŮŲʱֻ޴Ĳỹηȥ
߹صŮˣ¶ʼŮ̫ˣ̫ǿˣ֪Լǿ˶ٱ
Ȼȥɡ
үӲ֪ʱߣүһ֣Ǹ߹Ůɢ㳹Ϣˡ
һ۳үӣ̵˵ͷһ˲ϣתܡ
үǸ߹Ůˣһ˫ϵ˫ԵļΪƽûνٴУǸ߹ŮˣҲԵĸ׺͡
ʹ߼٣ϷʧԶӭˣ
үЦһ˵Ļˣųһ亹
ϣ˭λүԶӭģⲻڿЦ
߹ŮҲһ̬֮˵ֻһʹߣĸͶүӵĴܡֻ磬һ£Ҫүӡ
ʹԶȽİɡ
ˣֻĴǣϣүܸһ𰸡
ʹ֮⣬Ϸܸ𰸵Ļǲ˵ʹ߾ҪϷˣ
߹Ů˱û˿ı仯˵ûǴĻǳ꣬Ѿ̫ʵ۴ʼϣӾޣȻѵûʼ֮գǾӦִкԼʹʼҸȨӦúúã⼸ˣЩʲô
үӹһЦ˵ӾޣϣҳȣûнܰɡӾǺ֮գҳңֻǺĴ֮һˣϳܲϡ
Ȼүӻ֪ǳǺļ֮һǲʲôʱ򣬶ӦΪ룬ӱµּ⡣ѾּǳҽʢӵıȨǳҲּ£ҪҶʢǧ㣬үӺúøһ
ү̾˿ȻЦѵǹ߸ڻҲգʹذɡ
үӣһ˵ֽôȥ
ȻûȥǾͲûȥˣ
䣬үӵһӣʱǿׯ԰Բʮ֮صһУ޷һ¡
ԶɽȻҶԱ֣㻹ûн·
ҳ£ὫκˣκġûǧҲûĴûû
ȡΪƾǳԿ𣿱ʵǣǧѾǳҲѾϵҪǳң£ҲѾˣҪĻұ֤ǳҵ³ǡ
߹Ů˻δ꣬ͻоүɢȻ̼䣬γһǿŮд󾪣ɫļΪѿٿүӵѾûŰ裡
϶쾳磡ԶɽȻ˶ǿ߾磬㡭
Ƭôһ仰ûɽҳôΪһмȻò㱨ǾûΪˡ
Զɽɱ˱ӭģΧΪѾ϶Σѵһֵ֮ܵס𣿡
Զɽɫһ䣬һٴ˼ǿ
϶죬ڶ죡
죡
죡
졭Զɽ㡭
߹Ů˴˿Ҳ߹ˣɱԼʵַټĻûֵܵסʵɾϣ
˵£Լûɣ
֮ԴǺӻơ
Ůҧأʱڵ֮Դȫ˳Ϊһڣʲô
ԻС棬ʹߣɱʽķӹһ٣ҲѾû뿪磬Զܷˡ
ܻ뵽취ˡԶɽ֮𣬱ˣǺڡ
ৡ
Ů˻һ⣬ȥ
үӽһգεҡҡͷ˵ϧˣһʥ۷ǿߣˣϣԺȥɣȵϣϷҲϾɱ´ΣǺҲҪٲ


1013 һȭʥ
к
ʣڵȴʲôƵġ
һʱˣ˵ʥӦû˲ŶԣΪʲôӰû
еһ˵ÿһ˵϶ɢ˳ƣÿһ˵ΪѾʥ۷徳磬ԺʹߣҲ˵ʥ
׶ʥ˵᲻ʲô⣿ϾԷǳѽ
ӦòɣôȨ죬ʥʹߣǳӦòŶԡ
֮ǰѾ˵һǳµĴڣǸͲӦʥһǰڿ׶༪ˣ
ҪһȥɣĻ̽º󻼡
׶ʥԱ㻹ȷ֪ߵǼȥӦʥһĻҲһ˿롣
Ҫѳҿ̫ǿˣĿǰǶʢӵףЩȨҲҸ´͸ǵģȻܸǵĶǾʱջѵǳһΪвɣ
׶ʥ䣬ͬʱоһǵصԼѹ
ã
׶ʥд󾪣ȫʥ۷ĳǿߣھȻı飬ɼǵصǴ˶ѹ

УһЦЦִһֲɣУֲУʥ۷ĴڣԴ˵ʱ¶ɵη
˫۾ȫңԶʣδЦȴȴЦʥ۷ļһﶼ޷ֿģ
ǡ
ܣôܣȻ϶쾳磡
ǳҵˣ²룬ʥⶾ֡磬Ҫ췴
ʥͬʱ϶ǿߣȻԼֻķݣҪ֮ԵĻ³ǿ֪ġ
ںеʹߣΪȫʥ۷徳磬ǳʹߵ⣬ź󽫾ݣƽǲ뿪ģε鲻ǹϵ˶ʢӵĳңıҲһɳʹߣϾǻĴ֮һһ壬ԲСӡ
⼸ʹƬȴϻᷢ飬Ҳû˷ĶңҾȻ˳Խʥ۷徳磬϶쾳磬϶һôĴڣЩѾǳȻڵʥ۷ǿȻĺܣû뵽ҾȻ˵϶ľ磬ѹǸҷˣȷŵʱѽ
ϿȥǲĶ֡
ʥͬʱ򲻹Ҫܣǿһôĵزʵʵʥ۷϶쾳ǾǷɶ˻𣬼ʯͷ
ȻˣǾͰ°ɡ

𣬶ʱڷԲ֮γһոʥȫסˡ
ǡԶɽ
׶ʥѾ뵽˾ǳԶɽԶɽʱ»һ£
λʹߣϷʧԶӭˣΪӭ֮񣬾ֱǻϼҰɡ
׶ʥеסϷ߱£ңˡ
׶ʥһֵסһλǿߵģһ𡣡
ϻȻ˭Ҳܲˡ
ԶɽϿгһʥȫǿѪ
Ƕǿߣ˵ۻ޵еĴڡǣԶɽҲҪ˵̫ˣӵ϶쾳ģһˡ
СɣҲϷǰ

׶ʥۼԶһȭԼ˳˹ƿȭɢ
׶ʥ˵⻰ʱѾ̫ˣԶһȭĴʥ壬ĴʥвҽһֱӻΪҽ
ԶɽȻʹҲɱ㡭
㣬ҲʹߣԣҪȻ֮ǰλʹԻСܵģǸŮˣе㵨ʶѾΪֻΪСѾͷϷ򻹱ȽܸͣһԻС棬ϷҲ㲻
ʿɱ衣
ȻˣϷվͳȫǰɣҪ֣ȥλ£֪ߵغģԸҳң浱ǸλϾȨ㻷޵Ҳ̫˰ɡȻҳܺ£ͬȡ֮
ԶɽǳҵҰĿ治СѽǾԲŹǵġ
Ӿ޻ϣһӾްҹҳһ˭
ԶɽôĵӣȻֱ䡣
ʱϷкβҵġ
Գƿȭ˵һʥ۷ǿߣǼԶɽͬĶǿߣСӣҴ⡣
ǿֱӴ׶ʥ壬֮УȫƤһѺۣһը㣬¡һը˿
ԶɽűԼʥɵ̾˿˵Ӿ޻ң£ǳ׷ˡ


1014 Ѫı״
ӷֱӽֻˣϾǱߵ飬ӷڻȥܣóŰɡΪӷھ͹ŵ飬ǽܲõλҲûʲô˼ˣô˵ҲҪĳЩ׼ѽǲԼôȥץסǵ·ߣԴǵļƻš
ڳӷסĵطȻǳʢٵׯ԰ˣںܶ෽˶ڳׯ԰ţǿؼ壬߸ļߣӷׯ԰һסɾֱӱ¶Լݣ
ʺϳӷסĵطƼңսƼҴţͼһСѾͷվƼҽſڵˡ
ӣá
ѾѾӷǰ׽飬ɳӷȴûôȥǿһۣȻͳȥ
ӣеҪ˵
ѾѾһӢ˵
ӷйˣˣ
ӷһʣѾѾȻ֪˳ӷ绰е˼̽һתΪ˺ҴСԣҵĲǺܺá
Ǿ͵㽫ѧٸ˵ɡ
ѾѾòͦģͲȴѾŮζӷȴóӷܲ
ûѾѾӷֱӽ˿
ڿ￴С˵ӷˣּղѾѾӷ˵˼仰ʵ˵ʲôˣ
ӷ粻һЦˣ𣿡
ţٻûκεв
ɱ
ҲģүүáϾѾͷƼѾˣ˵ɱɱǻɢʧܶĵģĺġ
ӣεķǳãƼ˶ƭˡ
٣ƭ㡣
ٴˣҲƭ˵ġʲôʱһɣҽҵй¶ȥ
̽ӻɱ
š
ˣŹùˣڷ㡣
ŹùôͻȻˣ
Ҳ֪ʲô㣬ֻҲֱˡ
ȥŹùá
̵ķ䣬վڴǰա
Źùãʲôʱģ
ӷ뷿ʵ
תԼֶһۣʵоΣ
óӷеͿԼѾǿˣȻҪǰúܶࡣ
Źùã˼ٸҴĺ֢ģѾûˡ
Ҳ˵ٴĺ֢Ѫĺ֢
Ѫʲô˼
ٴһ³ӷ磬еԾүүƿȭ
ӷ᲻֪ʱԼɾžٵʱǵһپԼүүԼһѣƿȭȻҲԼүүԼģ£Źùô֪ģԼ֪λŹùñûм̳гҵѪ֪Ѫ鲻֣ƿȭ飬Ӧò֪Ŷѽ
ӣ֪飬ԼѽүүʹŮӣЩʲôʥľ磬Ҳ֪ģ
ӷ磬Щ飬ŹùñҪ㣬̫ţԼˡ
Źùã֪㲻ҵģȻˣһС
ţĿǰүүкҪҪ޷ˣԣҪԵѹأڱԵĵˣҪԼȥԡЩµУΪҪģ⡣
Źùãֱ˵صɡ
̾˿˵бףǳҵѪȷǿƻҲǴѪԴԴ϶ģѪƻͬʱҲ
򵥵һ仰óӷľһѣ
ѪƻͬʱҲʲô˼
һ߶ԣΪһľ֮󣬱Ҳ죬͸˵Դˡһ߰ߵݣԴߵݺٻɶǳ˵ÿһӵѪǿߣ࣬Ҳֻһ꣡
ʲôŹùã˼ǲ˵үү֣ҵֻһʱ䣿
ûǳҵѪڲͬӵѪΪϣٶȻԴ߿죬Դǿ󣬱ԴʮʱõĳɹӵǳѪֻҪһʱ䣬ܱȵԴʮˣǳѪ֮Ҳ˵бףΪٶȸϣӵǳѪԴ߿ʮǿʮҲΪƻǿ𺦵壬ҪȱԴʮֻҲǳҵϵǿٵΨһԭ򡣡
ӷ֮ǰѾ˵߶Ի꣬ûԼҵЩôѽԭԭΪƻǿʱв壬ӵѪҲһʱ䣬Ҳ˵
үүꡭ
̾˿˵үүѾʮˣ໹жʮ
ʮҲ̫˰ɣѾʮˣҲ˵ʮңаʮҲ˵ʱ޷ǳһӵѪļ̳ˣǳǡ
ûҲΪʲôʱүүֵ֪زۺɢʧ־ԭ㵱زˣǳңҪ׾ˡڣ㻹ţңҲӵѪֻǾѵʱȽˡʵ˵Ҳ˵ģȻûѪҵȴȽϳʱһ޷һӵѪǾһٳҲһ嶼ûˣ
ʱžֵΣѽΣҲģ
зүүֳٵĻǡ
һ䣬Լֶӣ˵˵ģ
ˣһþŹù㣬ͻ۷壬𾳽硣
ʲôӷ磬㲻˵Цɣ
ԯӦ¡
³סˣ
ԯʲôˣȻЩ۶뽫ԯ£ԯҲûӦڣԯȻӦԼֶӰ״깤˵ʲô
Цһ˵ӣŹù̫ˣСӣǳΪܳһˣǳ㣬ҲͲȥʲôˣүүǱߣһתǵģ飬ڻҪ֪ԼͿˣΪҪŬԼΪڲõĽҪԵǿУ󲻵ǿС
ӷ˵ͷ˵ŹùãˡֻԯҪĶҾˣ𾳽硣


1015 
ԲǸ߳ӷѪ׵Ĺϵı飬ӦûҪ߳ӷ磬˵֮ǰ˵ӷ磬ҪסƿȭΪҳΪǿһ׹֮ԵĻҪȥãΪʹƿȭ͵ȼ
ȼҵŹùãȻ֪ƿȭǿڶ޷סģҪ˵ȼ᲻е㡭
㻹ǽƿȭ̫ˡҪ֪ƿȭҪڵƻܷӳġ룬ȻҪƻǿܲвƿȭΪʮȭÿһȭҪһƻǵƻƿȭѾѳˣ˵㣬֣ҹҲܲס屶ƿȭ˺͸˵屶ˣ˵ǳһʩչ屶ϵƿȭֱȼյ˶ʮ
ôˣȻֻһˣʩչ屶ϵƿȭȼյ˶ʮɼƿȭǲõġ
ϴγӷʱ򣬵һƻƿȭѾԳˣԭӷ绹ΪԼôһ˵ӷ֪ǾԲǿ⣬ؼڣƿȭԼȥʩչģ
үүѾʮˣʣʮɾڼСʱǰѾʩչһƿȭ˵ֻһƻ˵һѾݳˣ
ӷд󾪣·˰㣬ԼүүʩչһƿȭǼСʱ֮ǰⲻѽټ£˭үүʩչƿȭģҪ֪⼸ʮ˼Լүү֣ȫµˣΪүүֻǸͨˣھŹùóȻ˵үүʩչƿȭҲ̫˰ɣ
Źùã׷ʲô£
֣֪
ĴϵЩŵȣѾˡ
ŵȣһԼֶӣԯ״꣬ðŮŵȳˣĴϵĲ֣⻹
ϾǳҵŮˣܶ飬ǳԾҲ¶ġ
˵ЩνֻһĹ߰ˣһطϵĹߣô֪ȫµ顣ĴϵʢӣӣӸӣÿһϵ磬ĵڶʢϵǧ磬ǳңⶫʢϵǧߡ
ۣ
ӷպ˿ڲ裬ڲ軹ôһ˵û
Ǻ˼ϢǳӷǸô򶨵ˣ֮Ҳȥ
ʢϵǧ磬ԼңȻǧߣ⣬ǲ̫˵㣡
Źùãڸ˵Цɣ
ԵĻҲǸЦһ־磬ʵңⲻǸЦǰٷ֮ٵʵ
˵ʵĻʵʵ̫пˡһ㶼пᣬ෴ʵ̫˷ˣ
ԼҾȻǶʢӣǧߣԼëѽʢӶԼҵģĵ磬˭ԼΪУѾģԼֱӾ޵ˣԼⶫʢӣǧļ̳ѽ
ӷһתѽŹù˵㣬ԼүүΪʲôҪʩչƿȭԸģʲôˣңԼⶫʢӵߣҲǸǬˣǸǬΪ̫Ծѽ
ŹùãɲҪңǬ磬뷴ǳң
ֹһǬ뷴ǳңǧ磬˵֮⣬Ѿ˷ġǬǬΪףԶʱ̣ѾһˣǸʱ򣬱ǳȸƽڣǬ磬һδ
ˣˣð˰죬ԭԶʱڵǳǧսΪ˷ԼҲŴġ
ԶʱڵĴսҲŵȵĿ֪һЩȴ֪սԭԭôһ£ǾŹùãȻǳⶫʢӵߣЩһƾʲôʲôǳң
һйףΪǳڻڵȨѾĳΪϵвĴϵǳ֮⣬壬ǷֱƹϵȨ͸ǳͬģΣڵĹ޷ı䣬ÿһ򶼻᲻ͣƶԶʱڣǳĶʢϵģҲͳΪȨһӵķ壬ۺǳңǾ뾡һа취ʢǧǳҵĲǬǬЭ飬ǳҵĻǬǳңΪʢӵߡԭ˵ǳҵǲὫӵķģӲὫһǬΣĴ֮ϣҲǻ֮ϣһĴڣǾǺ

ӷȻһ仰֪η嫳ǲڳֵĻ֮ǰӷѾ²⵽һʲô嫳ĴڣھȻӾŹùóĿе֪ˣңȻߣλĴϵ֮ϣ


1016 ҵ
һλڻ֮ϵĴڣǣһôĴڣֽǿһôĵز
ңûһӵķҲ˵Ὣڣʢӳ֮磬Ѿ˷ģڵԶʱڣѾҹһΣ˵ʲô
ӷ粻ȳˣܶ鶼ܾһһν˵ȻѾ³˸š
үү֣Ըˣǡ
ֶ֪ӵǰҲҪתĨǣֱ˵Ǻʹߣÿһʥ۷徳磬ҲȫǺһһĸ֡
Ҳ˵Ѿǳɱģ򣬲ʹǰүүȴǺ˼Ľʹȫɱǲ˵ǳңѾ׷ˣ
ûǳĳףû˿ı
ܽʥ۷ǿ̼ɱʩչƿȭүӵΪһôľ磬ӷ벻
˵е϶쾳磬֮ڶǸ˵ԼүүȴˣԼĸףҲпܵ϶쾳磬Լүүôܻ޼ɵĽǺʹȫɵһ㶼˼֮ᷢʲô飡
Źùãܸܲңǳң壬֮䣬ʲôϵǳңǴӺζģ
Ϊһļ̳ˣȴԼҵ֪ǲ̫ЦˡȻŹùѾѻ˵ϣǳӷ͸ɴʸףҲԼи׼
ǳҵǳ˵һبŴ˵汲ഫǳң⻷֮ڵĴڣԻ֮⣬һоڤĵط
ڤ磿ǵɣ
ϵ⣬ȷǵǳľڤȴһռ䣬һֻǳĿռ䣬˵ڤ磬һ壬ȫΪĳϡ
ȻǳԼռ䣬Ϊʲôֻ뿪Լ⻷֮ڣ
ΪʱǾڤ磬˵ƬĿռ䣬һγԵĴըը㣬ԴݻеһСǵ֪޷ֿס˾޴ıըģǾڱը֮ǰųԶԶ뿪ǵĹޱ޾ǿ֮ڣѰһ԰֮أؽǵļ԰ʱǵȻټϣͣѰң֮һ԰֮ضҲǸʱҲѾϰٴˣڵʱ˳׷ʱȻһ籩ʱ˾뵽һƬǳǿ֮ڣƬǿڣ򣬵ʱ˾ķ֣Ƭǿڣкܶǿʺġ
ӷʵƬǿգֽĻ
ûǵ峤Ĵ£ʼƬǿѰһʼؽ԰ʱȴ֣ԭƬĳ֮£ȻӿƬǿڣ壬Щ֮˵սΪľǳưƬǿաǳҵʱ峤ҲǼеﲢֻ֮һ֮ԼΣڸ֮䣬һ䡱࣬ı조ĻǳֲƬǿ֮ڵĴڣȻȻͳΪ˸ҪַĶ󡣵ʱڸ֮䣬ͬ࣬ҲħޣڿƻáõӰС˵ﶼڵ壬Ϊֹǳ߻ǴвǾһ𣬿ʼԸǳңҳҵʱļΪԱΪ˱ﲻܵ˺Ψƴһսȴ֣Ƭǿе壬ҳǿǳһֱ֣Ӿһ壬ȴƬǿһȻĴڣǱǺǳҵʱļԷû뵽ԭ˫֮䣬ȻΪԴߣӵ֮ԴҳȴȺʤһѪ̼ܺ¶⣬ǳҵѪǿȴûжԷôǿǳÿһӵѪֻܻһ꣬ɶԷҲܻһǧ꣬һǳҾʹԿˡǸʱַ֮Ħ¼ȫ򣬺ҳҸͬʱ죬ö֮һ겻˳ǳʱҲѾ˲ŵ㣬ӵѪﲻʮޣЩ峤ƴɱǾѧźǰ㣬˳һ˳ģ壬ҶΪ࣬ҲͬΪԴߣ֮ڣԴ˱ռݡ˵Щ֮Եеʧ䡣˵ԼһžڤĻǳãκεһըԼļ԰ͳΪʹĿʼˣ
ӷҲ̾˿飬ԼңȻѽ࣬ǿǿܵģ
ǵʱǳһ˳壬ǲǾϵ壿
ţ壬ʯ壬ƾ塣


1017 ̬ĺӾްҹ
˵˴ʱɫѾԵת䡣
νԹɫŹùڵı飬ӷ֪ԾŹùĮԸ˵ӦòΪһС£Լ޹صŭҲ˵Ҫ˵飬ӦûȽߣ
ӷŹùþþòԼ֪ʲô飬ȻԼҵȸѾ뿪˻֮ڱռ죬ǾζţĴսŸոտʼ
Źùãǽʲô£
˿ȶסĵķŭ˵Դǳ˳ƬǿպҲ֪úȥδӣǾǿ֮⣬һӵݾסȴϣһס־ˣǸʱҳӵѪҲͽһһˡͬʱںһУȻһλ׵ţĺճںƶһȫµĹʹԭͲĺһŽԴԴ֮ǿ󣬿ν𺳻⣬ЩԴֱ𴫸˺еڸ֡Լ˳µĳΪ˺еλʵۣҲΪһֽڸͳһģԣ˲ǺĵһλʵۣҲΪ˵ĳ֣Żǿơ
ԴǿԴ𺳻⣬ˣţѽŹùãʲô֣
ҧҧشӾޣҹ
Ӿްҹ
ûӾްҹǱʵǿ󣬴˵Ϊʮ겻Ѿ϶ĵھ죬ҲǶ۷徳磬ĴǣΪ֮ϣΪռթüƱǿĶ࣬ҲΪ˵ĳ֣ҳҵʱļŻΪЧģ
ӷһ£Լǿ󣬸ս뻷ʱһ־һ壬ôܻΪһӾްҹĹϵЧУһʲôõĹ£ҲӦǾŹùߵԭ
ʱǳʲô
ȵʱʲôûֻ壬ȻҵǳסǼ֣뻷ЩȫʱǳҵļΪպܹõòӦ֣ҶҪѪУǳҳǰ棬Ǽں档ҲΪǳҵʱļһڴӦ֣ɱϺӾްҹļƻں̵ܶʱڣͽڵȫˣ巽һͳ
֮أ
֮󣬾巽һ֮λˣӾްҹǸСˣ֪ΪǳҵʱļͬһȫǶ۷徳磬ҳѪȴɻ䣬ǾһڣǳҵʱļѲӻЩǳҲں֮ʱӾްҹͳᣬȽշˣֶμ̣嵱ʱļȫɱһǽ֮Ϊ֮ЧģΪ󽫣һףз֮ģȫ塣ԺӾްҹΪ˵ǳҵʱļ֮⣬⣬ҲֻôӦΪ˺֮ǳҼϻʱһжѾ̫ˣѶҪǳҵʱһһѪ˵Կģǡǳ֮ҲûоͷϳںӾްҹ֮£ֻҪһΪס֮ӾްҹʱҲһڴӦסĵǳңڵʱ򻹲еΪ磡
⣬ӷ֪ԭԼֶΣ˼ҺӾްҹǰʵ̫СˣԼŸնһڣ˼ҺӾްҹأһϦ֮䣬ǵȴڣʵǿǿηѽΪȻ۷徳磬϶ھľ磡
վŹù˵룬ǸӾްҹӦòʹ˰ݵİɣ
ȻݣǳҵĴڣ˵ԶǸвôܻݡ
ǽЩʲô
ݺ˵ڻֹ֮һǧ꣬ɺӾްҹȴ̬·𲻻ϣҲ޾ġǳеǿߣȴѾһһˣֱһڳλӵѪǿߣңһ̥ǳҵĹأȻж̳м壬ŮңֻΪӾްҹڵ֪ǳһͬʱλѪǿ֮󣬾뾡һа취Ҫһһ֮ܵеĹλӵѪĶ۷ǿߣǣӾްҹһͻ顣
ӷЦһСʵòǡƭŮ˵ĸɣ
¾Źùûᶯŭӷ粻òСһ㡣
ûҲǳĳ衣Ӿްҹƭ˵ʱλŮǿߣȢ˺ҪģȴˣǳѪܣ˵㡣
Ѫ㣬ֻһǾǲϵȼ
ӷҵˣ
ҵˣң
ô
ɢڵа裬ȫһĻƿȫѣ
ȡѪΪã
ʲôӾްҹǳλǿߵѪ
ûȻû֪ô쵽һģȷǰ쵽ˣڵλŮǿߵѪ֮սʱǳҵļ
˭Ӯˣ
ƽ֣ԷȻѾץסǳѪ㣬Ǿ㹻вǳҵʸһǳҲӦҪʱѪ㣬õѪǳҡ֮ûǳҳ»֮иǿǿϮǾҪǳң壬ػķҲڵĴϵ
⣬ӷģ֪ǼƽǸӾްҹȻԶȡǿߵѪôһģǿжģⲻܣ֮ͬ£Ӿްҹ첻ѵλŮǿԸģĻλŮǿߣ񲻾Ǳ˳ң֮Ĵ
ųӷǲ֪ʲô˵ӷ磬ŹùøЩӦ֪Ϊʲôɣ
ţǳѾ׷ǽҪԵģϾĲǺӾްҹҲηҳѪʱ֮ڣ˵ûаٷ֮ٵİ֮ǰǲģһǾǷǳգᣬҲð
һ壬ǳңȷϡ
үүַϵģӦǸӾްҹɣ
ûȻΪӾްҹѾˣǵΪ˵ǻǸδ֪֮һӾްҹûʱ̳ˣǸʱӷ磬ǳңֻܿˣ
ӷ˵ͷ˵Źù÷ģһᾡһҵΪ뾡һа취үүֵʱӾްҹĳˣǳһУҳӷ磬Ҫǧ򱶳
Ȼ˵Ѿ˵ˣ֪ҲѾ֪ˣǾŹùҲˡ
һ¡ŹùãǳҵλŮǿߣʲô֣
ͣ½Ų·֪ӷƵģͷҲûת˵ġ
ģģ
ӷ練֣ǺӾްҹԼİ취ĸΪ˺Ӿްҹ˳ң˺һ죬һģ˳ңΪһӾްҹԻѪݺҺĻˣҲҪ


1018 Ʒ
뿪̽˷䣬ҲŽģսͼԼİȫ˵ϣԼϲЩŶƿʲôȫˣ
ӷ磬òŹùö˰ɣ
ڵһУȻһģһ;úɵˣùøֶ֮ôܻᶯ֣ңǳһŮˣ
ˣֻǸŹù˼䣬СĽЩˣ
ҲвСĴ򻵵ģ̺ƣ
Źùأ
ײβѾˡ
ŶһһնνأѾˣΪ仹ߣնνȴǰöˡ
ҿԴ͡ҽ㻹ǵΪ߼ɣϾŹùõնνħһСģͻ߻ħģ
ôѽɱѶˡȻĵҩĻǼ
˵ҩ̺񻹲֪ʦѾΪԼĴУӷҲ˵¡
ʱˣѾȥѰԭˣֻҪԭϹĻû⡣
ʵڳӷϻмŵҩԪţԪҲУֻĿǰԼΪΪҪģӷ粻˷ˣϾߵһ֣˭ܱ֤粻뾡һа취ĸǿߣѶȣϾ磬Ŷٶеֶεġ
ȻҲǳӷ˽ֻĶһˣԼһǾƷΪʲô˵ǴһҲֻǸ𲽰ˣ𲻵̫ãΪ˴룬ӷŻ
ˣҡ
òôͶס˰ɡ
̿Цܲõλӣɲ˶סġҲֻɵ۵Ŀţʲô鶼ԣߴһ鷳
ѾͷҲǣ۵ʱͦѽôӾͱСˡ߹ŵôȴ
ҿǴ뿴ɣ
⻰ô˵ġǳҵĲҵСϵãܳڹ˽Ȼ뿴
ĻڲĳЩˣһжӷ磬ͱǰһˣ̹һ㣬һ԰ȥ˵һ£ȥܺ뻵Ķ㡣
ӷЦһ˵ʲôѽȥ˵һ°ɣȥˣûˣģдĽ
ҡҡͷԼ˵磬ڲͬ˾ļ̳˶ԼߴκһֻλӣһһԽԽã
£ļ
»ǻ£
£Ҳ㻵¡
˵ɡ
һ£СҲ˻ʢ٣Ҳ㣬Ҳˡ
ôҲܵˣ
޵ģڻʢѧԺҪʱ䡣
ȥɣҲš
⻰ǲڿǷӿ֮λȴҲţ˻ʲô˼
ǣһת㡣
˵꣬̽һŽɫӽ˳ӷ磬ӷһӣʱеۣΪ֮ϣȻһʯģ
ⷢ˳Ҳ̫˰ɡƾӣǽĻ㹻ͨһӵˣ
ʯĹ͵ŵģҪٰһҹ磬λҵļ̳ˣȻҪ׵ĵһʱŷҵĺŹӣǧС㶼ϯȥȥ
Ұɣҿ϶ȥˡ
ɵʱؼļ̳˻ȥģ㲻иʲô𣿡
ؼļ̳ˣ
һӷû˿ȤϾˣʵؼļ̳ȥ
ƭʲôҪ֪ؼ佨һֵǱĹ塣ЩʯҲҪڵϵ˽ӴȻƾЩͨ⣬׬Ǯѽؼʯϵǳã˵ˮϵʱһᵽġ
ӷ粻˵ȴѾˡ
㵽ȥǲȥ
ֻ룬ʱȷ˿ؼļ̳أֱɱС˸λ˾õϢ
ɱ˲̫ðɣΪʱ׹ǱҲҪԱġ
Ǿ͵ʱ˵ɡȥҲܱ¶ҵݡңյֱӶˡ
ô֪Ҳյ
Ѳ°ɡƼҴС㣬ƼҸؼǶϵ֮ǰȻ㣬ɼȻҶƼҵϢѾˣؼȻҲ˻̽̽ʵû´ĻԷ֮⣬Ӧûپװɣ
ûȷǶˡ
ǾͱȥˣʱҸȥˣҲһȥֱӸ˱ҵ˭֪ƴСҵδޣ
Ҳ֪ãһ𣬲ͬᱩ¶ݣԺ²𣡡
ֻһˡ
ӷһЦֱʧ˷ڡ
ֻǰһ㻨ô˵ͲˣһϢо˾͸ϴԼʱһ
񷶦ڣϷΧͣתȦŸԪһ㶯ûУ֮ǰӷ罻ĽԪѾȫָ˹棡
ӷ罫ʣµļŵҩȫ˳Ϸһͬʱ񷶦֮Դ
ǿ֮Դ޷ֱڣӣǵ𾳽磬ҲҪԼ֮ԺѽҲֻŻһ˰ˣ
Ƚҩڻ֮ԴУɢڵ֮Դ֪ôЧ
ӷѾ⣬첻ܳɹʧܣ㽫ŵҩȫ˷ѵҲҪһɡ
ȻǶӮˣҲƷֻҪΪͲ״
뵽⣬ӷ˹ȽŵҩΪ˷ĩ˲񷶦ն֮ԴڣȻɢڵ֮Դò񷶦֮ԴԼɢ֮ԴеҩķĩΪһ塣
ֻǿ֮Դǽͬʱ˸漴ȻںΪһ壬Ϊһ⡣
ӷһеЧģŵҩںΪһ壬ȻõҩԭЧ
ϲ֮ͻأԪ춯Զӷ˹ȴûиӷԪ񽻻Χ֮Դš
ԪǱǿ֮Դҩķĩӷ绹㲻ʲô£Ҳȳӷ룬¯ĵڶԣȻתžһ¯ĵڶԻһ⣬γһ֡
ǳϵӷ룬ѵĵҩƷǵĻ᲻ĵҩ
һŽ֣ӷʧˣʧͬʱҲ˷ˡ
ĵҩƷһΪĵҩ䷽ңΪ񻹵ĵҩɹĻǰٷ֮ʮ֮ǰֵҩĳɹʶҪߣĹԭϣͱȽˣȻǵʯ
ӷȥоһ񻹵Ʒϣ֮ԴѾ֮ǰĵҩĩȻԼɢ֮ԴͬʱԼڣԼûջص½ڵġ
˫һתԪѾԼͷѵԪĹ
ӷʱҲܲôˣȽ֮ԴջҲ˷˼ŵҩ
Ԫڳӷջ֮Դͬʱصԭλӷڵ֮ԴҲʼ˲񷶦ն֮Դ⣬һǿ֮ԴϷгӷ磡
Ȼգ
Ȼǳӷ籾֮Դӷ֮£֮̽Դڣڵ֮Դӵǿӷȫɢ۵⣬ѪеƻҲ֮ǰҪǿһ㣬˵Ѫƻ֮ǰҪһЩ
ָоǳ΢Ҳǳ
ӷϵʧֻоڵ֮Դ֮ǰǿһ
ɣѵҩ֮ԴգֳЧ𣿲ԣ
һѾصԭλĽԪ񣬳ӷ˫۷ųĹâ˵ѵǽԪһѣѾƷľ磡
ʵӷֻһ룬Ԫȷǰһѣ⻹ѪĹϵ
Ѫڲͬʮ꣬ӵųѪǿֻҪһ꣬ϵҩĹϵӷΪȻĿ죬ֱӵƷľ硣
ȻѪվѵʱû£ΪӷѪǰˣû֮ǰƻ֪ʹ֮ǰȻҲûã
ƷһƷһ죬û뵽ҾȻ֮죡ӣ֮ǰ̫ˣҪ۷徳磬ûôѡѪ˲񷶦ŸԪҩ˵۷壬ܿ죬ҾͿͻƵʥ磬ڣ϶쾳硣
ӷЦһĵӾްҹˣҳӷ磬µجΡ


1019 ½
ԴڵС棬֮ԴĹؼڣҪ֮ԴӳҪͨԪܰ쵽ģ߾ͺñһһֻ໥ϣЧҲҪԴߵǰҲˣߵĴڣԴȾ߱ԪԪշ磬ΪԴߴһĻ
ΪĹϵӷΪѸٵĽƷ磬ӵһƷڶƷõʱ䣬ֹǱԴ߿ʮгѪĹϵ֮⣬ȻвԪĹͣͬʱҲóӷ֪񷶦Լ˵ǶôҪŴԪ˵պضԼиİԣ񷶦Ĵڣӷ粻ܸκˣԼ׽ˣҲ˵
ƷĳɾͣʹĳӷڵСУԭСΪʮʮСССУΧСͣתţ·بžʹһ㡣
ӷԪҲ֮ǰǿ࣬Сոǿ֮ԴԪǿĻô֮Դӳ
ǣӷҲ֪ԼԪôǿҪȽԪҲС׼ˣŸԪ˵ֻһһԪ񣬾ѾԼǿˣңѵĽԪ񣬺ҲԼΪͣǿ
˵ŸԪȫˣԼǲǿͬʱӵŸԪŸԪΪԼķ㣬ӷʵֻΪ֮ǰ𾳽綼ûӷǲҶģȻѾƷľ磬ǶԺ飬ӷȻҪȥ롣
񻹵䷽ѾˣһŵҩӵĹɹʻǰٷ֮ʮڳӷ˵͵Ǵ˽ƷĻֻ񻹵ԭϾͱȽ鷳ˣ
ʯӷ֪˼壬ڵеһʯͷִ˼˵ڵеʯͷЩеҽΧʯͷʯͷǲܵõģΪٸߵǿߣµеҽô֮أ
ڣĴڲ֪ܵģȲ˵Զ֮ǰŶ£ǴԶŵڣҲǼ˰ɣЩУûмεĴɽĴ󱬷ֻҪЩڻɽĵطȥͼпҵʯ
ӷЩİοһԼϣܾҵʯɣԼƷĹؼѽ
ڴ˿̣ӷʶȻһϷͻ֮ȴǾţһ־ʾ
ӷ̽ʶųоڲ񷶦֮УǿƣЩƣȫ߶Ȼ󳯺üͬķȥ
ʶջأӷ΢һ£˵ӣѾ֮ǰƻȶڣҪʽԸˣ
ӷʶоƣȫǴģжģҲģ½ĿģѾˣԸԼ
ӾŹùÿе֪ڵĶʢǧ磬֮⣬Ѿ˷ģҪԼңҲ˴ĵĻǻе鷳
ӣұҪˣһǬһټǸһĻҳңȫУҳ˵ԲǼ£
үү׶Ժ壬Ϊĳӷ޷ȥЩȻ￹⣬ҲҪΪԼļౡ֮ɡ
ȻѾˣҾٸһϣܶס
䣬ӷ絥һӣԽԪǵһεϣ㲻ҪʧԪ񽻻
ųӷһ£ѾѵĽԪ̳ӷ˹ӷԪԪ񽻻һλãԪֱӽ˳ӷڡ
ӷýԪ壬ֻо̼ȵӷҲҪЩһһһԪǲģҪ񷶦ǿ󵽿µ֮ԴЧʱȴ̫ãⱻ񷶦֮Դˡ
ԼڵӣܳȥĻǾͲǸˣֱƣ˵ѽ˽ⲻӣɱϾӷǿߣҲŵһˣҪԼعڣԯֻûԭϣ޷ǽҲ˵ӷ粻ģĵĻɵĻͲҪԼȥǣǾֱɱˣ
ȻˣҲֻܼ𡣡
ǽһԳӷڵӣֻҪ¶߲룬Ӧûϵĳǳӷ硣
ȥЩһ
ϣҹ֮Уʮٴ˵أʮһ
ѣǴȥʲôط
ĳ۵ǰл԰
л԰ǱλѾȥˣ缸λһȥɣҲǼϼң뵱궼ǴġҲˣûҪҵȿ
һ£һ˵ҲãǶΪͬһĿ½ġ˵ӷҪĿϣǴҲԸӷȶϣ˳ӷ磬ǽǴһѽ
ȻˣǼλҵȼɡ
һ棬ͬǼ˰ͱ׵С
ѣӣǶߵļλѾϣˣǣֱȥл԰ɡ
ãѣ룬˫֣ǳǿҲҪ֮һƴ
ʵ˭֪˫ľ˺·һ涷ҵĻˣǬˣһ˳ңЩһԣһǾͲǳܹӦˣ
ٸԽ͢ص˹壬巽Уͬʱ˶巽˵Ī
ЩļһλͬʱͻȻصķﾪţʱɫ


1020 ӷ
һֱʣ˺Ʋ֮ڣ
Ʋڴʢ˷ȥͬʱ֮ϵʱγһ޴Упٵתֻɢһɾҵ⣬ɾҵγһ½صĹ
ո½磬ɢ巽λõͬһʱоǿʹЩոأδӭӣٴη֮Уһ˫˫۾ȫͬһȥ
ǿۣδӵѽ
ϣϿе񾪻ŵĿԶÿһһ˼ı飬ЩΪ꣬ÿһ˵ΪٶƷϣڴ˵ǰǾϰ㣬˵С
ʲôˣȻӵǿ
ˣȻ˴˵ǿߣǱҪȽԷݸ
˵᲻ǳۻ߳Զɽ
ⲻܣ۸ԶɽڳֵоȻͬԾԲǳҵˡ
ǸϿȥɡǸӦʢ١
ϣߵȫʢǱ߿ٷȥķҲǴʲôƵģһһӣΪһ⣬ȫۼʢٵϿա
ӷۣŴ˷ƣЩһĻҲγһССˣ
ȻӷҪЩһһγɵٹǿԼҲġңӷѾ˽Ԫ˲񷶦֮Դ񷶦֮ԴɲһԴܴﵽģǵȣʥ۷ǿߣܴﵽΪǿ֮ԴȻЩνġȻ磬еԴһ֮ԴĻǹƿԸ񷶦֮Դһ£ȴҲܳԽ֮Դ
˵Ե˭ԳܵסأӷԼѳԵʱ䲻̫ã򣬾ͻᱻɣ
û뵽νٶҲڹȻˣǾһ°ɡ
ӷΪЩһټӴһϷ֮ǰҪǿһȻ񷶦֮ԴҲǿһڵ֮ԴһеԴһ𣬶޷֮ˣ
û뵽ҵΪƷ֮󣬾񷶦֮ԴҲǿһ˵ֻҪܵȵס񷶦֮Դɣ;ԿԽǰЩȫ
뷨ȻǺõģӷ֪Ҫò񷶦֮ԴڳԼʱǲ̫ܵģЩ֮ԼܼʮѾܲˣʱٳĻͻᱻ֮ԴʼԼ
ڳӷôʮЩһССĽѵʱ˷Ѿȫۼ˳ӷΧһڸоӷ֮ûκһҿġ
ôܣôǿ֮Դǳۻ߳ԶɽҲô̵ʱ֮ڣ֮֮Դѽ
񳹵ɵۣ˼֮ԴٸԼʵ̫ܴˡ
˵ӣ磬֪ǿߴڡֻϣԷûϵ½뻢ˡ
ЩԷƱ֪Էǿһôľ磬ܾۣڴǰСƵģ޻֮ЩֲȥԼ۾Լĸоͬξһ㣬龰ʵ˷˼ѽ
˭Ҳ˭ȥĻڴ˵֮£ǱɵģɼȻѾˣҲûоʹ˷صĵϾ񣬾㲻˼ҵĶ֣Ҫʸ׵ġ
λǰǺηʥ
Ǳһ񿪿ʵӣһͷɫף񣬾ϴξžʱŵȽоĺˣ
Ϊ۵ĹϵӷͷҲһñӸסˣɢֲԼͲϵĳǳӷ硣
ӷ簵һЦЧ治ûЩһϳͬʱҲη壬񷶦ףҲһ覴ѽ
СӺôĵӣȻҴű
ĴĶУӷ籾˵ʱȴǺܴ󣬽ǿ֮Դνʡ
ԼȫĤݣڴǰȴΪСӣָоͬһλʿڽѵһЩСѧ㣬еɫס
˼ҵ㲻һԱҲλ˲õǰһӦһǳϵϹ
֪ǰڴ֮ǰ¡
£ãǴҲЩƽϡȫԽԶԽãűˡ
ӷ粻ɵһʼͶ֣׽Լ¶ģЩɶۼԼ٣𾳽ģһոս𾳽Դߣܻӵǿ𣬿֮֮ԴЩ񶼲ɵϣһǸʶˣǾһܲ뵽Լںǵģԣڵĳӷֻðһǿߣһ޵е֣̼ܽЩνȫɱţǿߡ
ȻЩϸһµĻӦĵϣͲӦôǿߣԼЩôûңǿ߻ġΪ֮ԴĹϵ̫ǿ󣬵Щڸռӷʱ򣬾ѾԺˣǱʶģǰ۵ĳӷ磬һϹһţǿߣ
ǰγƺҵֻΪоǰյ֮Դ̫ǿΪֹ˺ҵȲŻǰһ̽ġ
⺣ڲòòһЩӲҷ
ӷЦһ˵С
ɫһ䣬СЩھȻСˣϼһţ棬㶷㣬ҲҪȸ
ǵȷ硣ǰ˵Ϊ˵ҲӦĴڣһ£ǰǷϹŴ񣿡


1021 ޵
ʱ䲻࣬һӷͶһֵΣգΣա
ȻҪЩһȻܱЩνѽӷ֪Լʲôݣû뵽پȸ˵ˣ
ϹŴĻļһҲӦţûʸκһϹŴ˵ģ
ӷҪģһԳȻݣݣ־ԲЩ֪ԣϹŴȻǲˣһ¥ĻӦû̫⡣
˵ģԶŵЩһ
仰ûòٴֱӵȥ
ԶŵЩһ⻰Խ˵ԽûˣѲɣԶŴҪţ
ٲţԷԱԶŴĻпǰŰɵģΪԷǰʳһԼ򵥺ɵĻϾЩԶʱڵĴѾʧˣ֪֪ʶ˵Ҳκһܻ֮꣬ڣκһǿܻġ
֪ЩȻν֪ʶɳӷȴǲмһЦ˵Զʱʲô
ͬʱɫ֮ǰĲ԰ףΪࡣ
ǰλţˣȻԶŴ񶼲ң˵ЩԶʱڵĴ㲻ʲô⻰ʲô˼ѵĴڣܻǳԽԶ֮ǰ
ɳӷ粻ٸЩκλᣬԼһģɲ˵ϻġ
ȻЩһе½ȻҪȸۣɲ磬˵ʲô棬Ƶģ٣ԼҾͲ١
һκεķӦӷڵȻһ䣬뱻֮ԴֻʣˣҲ˵ӷ֮ʲô
ҪЩȫɵӷ֪ǲܵģʱͲԼֻһǳӷҲܱ֤᲻֣һǳֵĻǹƾ鷳ˣԼһᱩ¶ģ
һ˫۾ڳӷϲͣĴţϿʲôüĿΪͲţλţ˻ǱԶŸǰǿߡ
ӷҲ룬Ҫ֣ҪһǰǣҪ񲻸˿ֵĴ㣬һ㶼УҪô̼佫ȫסҪʲôֶȥɱһأ
ƿȭУȼԼȥɱһ̫ͨˣ
ľۻʾӲˣֻҪǶ񣬶Ӧ֪ľۻʾģһԼʩչһᱻʶƵģҲ޷ɱκһѽǱϾ湦
֮ԼΨһԴϴδʱѾùˣңõĻģԣ֮ҲУ
񽣣ǸӲˣЩһһͼˣ񽣻ɱУɱһҲõģ
ɳЩӷ绹ʲôֶΣ̼ɱһ񣬻Ҫ񲻸Ҷأ
һ£
ڲ񷶦ڣǻҪܶԴԼΪѾһ׶Σ᲻ܵõڶԴ
ӷţڽ񷶦ʱûʲôģգۼ䶼þͽȥˣǣ񷶦ܲܵõԴǸˣòʱһǸϲϵģɾͰæˣ񷶦ĻӷҲûֶѽ
һתڲӣʱ䲻Լӡ
뵽ţӷǾһѣ񷶦һ֣õԴĻʹ󹦸ˣòҲֻ˵ã
һųӷ磬ţȴϣղŻǿ֮Դŵĳӷ磬صĽǿߣȻһӾͲӰˣղǿ֮ԴҲ漴ʧˡ
һĻһҲ̫˰ɣǰǿ֮Դ˵˵ûûˣλţƺǿߣô쵽ģ
أ
һΧȥӰҲûУΧԼ֮⣬ҲѾоκĴˣ
ⲻܣѵǻþ
һ˵꣬һһûЩųಡҲ֪᲻ಡģǣղǿ֮Դһγˣ
̧ͷȥǽǿѾϷеλãңٴγʱһڣʲô
ӷζˣս񷶦Щڶγ֣ͷ·֪ӷ㣬һֱ˳ӷǰҪϴһƴȥõġ
ӷ´ϲֱӳ˲񷶦ҳ֮ϡ
ӷһӣֻ仯Ϊһ֣ӳӷĿڶӷ塣
񶼲֪ӷʲôȻҲԴģȴôҲ벻ЩԴӷ˵оˣ
ͬԴչ˳ӷԺУӷҲ룬ЦһȼƽϣղŻҲѾ˶ȣɶȼȻϧǾݹֱˡ
д󾪣ѵλǿߴ㶯˵ԼЩ֣ǶԷĵѽ
ٵһӦ˵ǰҪᣬҵֻǶǰݺ棬ûð֮⣬ǰ£ҵȥ
Ѿ̫ˡ
ӷѾı䣬Щǲĳġ
ãҿܣ
ǿ֮ԴѹܣһܵڳӷԿǿ֮Դ֮£˵ǣ㶫Ĵۣ˹ȫˣҲҪǵĺÿ
޵
ǳӷս񷶦õԴԴ𣬲Ƿųһô򵥣ǽ֮ԴγļͬŴսϱʿͬʱļ㣬γһ󣬳ȥܵӵʲôطγɵļͬ޵׷ɱ
ǿ֮Դѹסеһ̣˭Ҳܣ
ӷ޵ȺãΪʱ⣬ӷҲðգͽеȫٵϣŵȵĵˣŵڰӷ磬ӷȻȻͽΪԼҪɱĿꡣ
ԶʱЩһҲڱǰСӻȻ֮࣬ǱҪ
ӷ˫ִһӡʱеȫ˲ٵϣͬʱڲٵϷһǿޱȵļ
оǿ֮ԴѾɢȥڣ˭ȥﲨٵģԷʩչԴ̫ǿԼ޷֮ԴҪﲨٵĻûʲô
ɡ
ৣৣৡ
£˫۷㶣ĵ£ˣ
ǣʲô㲻˵Ļ˵ӷĿͲˣϾ֮£ӷҲǲ̫ࡣɼȻͷŵȵĵˣȻˡ
Ҫ
ԶһŮ˵ӷȥȻ񻰹еŮɯ
ɯ᲻һеĳе̫ǿǶĶ֡ܣһᣬұ𣡡
ʵ᲻֪ҪԼ̫˵㣬˵һɯһٸɯҲ˼ҵĶѽ
飬¡һ纣Х㣬ֱӽٸûˡ
µһĻµĵһ뷨ǣжܶ죬ˣɾǰϱۣܻлٴһڣȴʲôˣ
ӷҲʱ䣬ΪʱѾûˣһЩ۾ĻȻͽ˲񷶦ҽ֮Դɢȥ
СˣȻӲϵȴǷӷһ飡ϣСպõ͵һ㣬򣬸ղСӵ³Ƕȵǰ֮
ӷ磬ôܣλû̼ɱٵǿ߾Ȼʶӷ磬Ƿ˳ӷ飬Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
˭ָʲô˼ִʲôطð˳Լɵˣ½磬͵ԾĹģ
ɯѾˣȴǽǿ˵Ļ£ֱӾͼ˳ӷϡ
ӷ磬жôǿӲĺ̨ҶҪɱ㣡


1022 
ۼϣĳأûֱȥһ½ͷ飬ٻ˸ˣ¾Բ֪򣬶磡
ɯС㣬㻹ǽڰɣ
ߵȻ֪ٸɯ֮Ĺϵ֪ŵ֮ĶԹ
ڲٱ˸ˣΪʹģȻɯԳ˵ʵ˵ȥĻɾ
һᱨģûǸǿ߶Կ٣ӷ磬һɱ˵ġ
ߵҲ˵ٸɯ֮Ĺ£ڶߵһɯҪȥҳӷ籨˵ɯС㣬㲻Ҫô嶯ղǸǿѾ˵ĺˣǷӷ飬ǾȥҳӷĻŸǸǿǣûκεĺô
ԼĳԼȥǵģǿԷġ
һ˵Ҳ˼ֻǸԭͲӦĽǿߣΪʲôͻȻ֣ɢǿҵǰȥġҵȹȥ˵ҵȴǲãе𣡡
ȷ˵ǿߣҲӦôѽӦһǳصĵطǣ򣬲Ÿ߱Ĵǵţ˵ԼЩδŹôܻĿŵôҲ˵ȥѽ
ѵǳӷĹ֪Ѿ½ԸˣǸǿһ𣿡
ʵӷ˲ٺ˵Ǿ仰ǹµģĿģЩ֪Լı󣬿һλǲǿߣǸĻǾѰ·
ЩҲɵӣǽǿ߻е˼ڰųӷġ
ɳӷҲ뵽ЩĻر࣡
Ǹǿֻ˵Ƿӷһ飬Ϊ˵ǶĴۣδĶ֣ȴݵɱĺ룬᲻͵ǻ˳ӷһءҲ˵Ժ󣬲ٳˣ
ӷЩεɡԼðű֮ԴɵΣգ˲٣뾯ЩǸĻȻ˶ԸǡԼǰµǾ仰ȴЩһ뷨
Ƿ˵ȻҪģڲѾˣĺ񶼱ɱˣô飬Ѿ˰ɣٳֵĻǾе˵ȥˡ
⻰˵ǲܾãлʲôԾĵطĳ˵
ѣͬһϣͬĵˣʲôֱ˵ɡ
ѵǲãǸǿߵĳ֣̫𣿡
죿
໥һۣû֮⡣
ûҲ˵ǵǿǲܴڵģϾǶۼʶǵǵΪ˵ôܻǷӷ飡ǳôǿţǸǿߣҲԲڳ֮µģ˵ȳȻĴڣû˵ǷԶɽ飬Ҳû˵Ƿ۵飬ƫƫһҵ飬ңӷСӵΪŸոս𾳽磬ʣƾʲôһ˳ȻǿǷģôҲ˵ͨѽ
һѣŷӦ
ѽǽǿߵʵ˵ϣʲô첻ģҪȥǷ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ѣ˼ǣ
˵ǸǳӷһǿߣܸͲڣǸղģпǳҵǿߣֻǲ֪ӷʲôôǿ֮Դȫˡ
ǰλǺξе˵ȥˡ
ôǿߣǳԶɽǵȴڣ̼ǰǿ֮ԴѽӲܽǿ֮Դ˵ɢɢȥˡ
Ǹ˼޷ȷԼ֮ǰ˭Ҳû˵ڡ
ҿȽۻ㱨ɡǸǿĴڣǶ˵вʵ̫ˣ˼ҪˣҲǲܵ顣
ϱۣûҸˣǸǿ߸ǸھͽղŵϱȥǶۻۣǵı֣ʧġ
Ƕѣ˵˵ô
߼һ£һ˵ڳӷԷģ˭
˵Ȼϣ
Ǿϣȥ̽һȻϾӷѾ𾳽磬ϣȥĻԣѣУҪһСһʱǸǿ߲֣Ǿ֤ҵĲ²ûģǸǿĳˣǾҪ̽ʱϱۣȶԸǸǿߣԳ󻼣֮󣬲ǳӷ硣
šĺܵǾɡҵȥ֮顣


1023 ȵ
ҹѾһ룬֮峿ĵζ̶̵ʱڣǻʢĳУѾԵļΪˣ
ӷ˲֮ڲ񷶦ڴһʱ䣬һΪоµԴ޵ΪȽ񻹵ƷڵõʯĴֲ
ʵӵ깦ġ񻹵˵ʯҪԭϣ⻹ҪĲϲƳɹڣһֵʯ֮⣬Ĳϸ֮ǰΪҩԭϲ࣬ԳӷҲҪʲôˣԯһ뾡һа취ЩԭģϾЩǳӷдôԯ˵Ҳһת۵㣬֪ľ磬һߵľ磬־޴ת䣬ԯκεĵ顣
ڡ޵ӷڲ񷶦Ҳúõоһ£⻹һȺԴǧ޵Ĺ֮£ȫûȻǰҪ㹻֮Դǽ񷶦ģ̫Σգʱ䷽ҲӷãΨԼ֮Դ
Ӳ񷶦һӷ綼Īĳ˻ʢٵĴϣҲΪյвãڵĳӷ綼Ҳȥ˽ֵ·ˣʱ⳵ҲҲֻܵȵƼˣ
΢΢ӭ洵ְʱ̣뵽֮ǰʱ˵ʵڵģӷ绹еľ˵ղЩǲһеĶ֣Լʲô³أЩǱȻģȴһᱻ֮Դɣ룡
ȥƴԺٸΪɲҪһʱʱ䣬ǿɾ鷳ˣ
ӷ̾˿治֪Ҫʲô磬ȫס񷶦֮ԴŵǸʱԼҲѾ㹻ʵǻ֮ϵĺԿ˰ɡ
үү׶Ϊģⶫʢзģӷ粻֪үү׻ôȥ£ȻѾԼ˵еѾԼ磬ҲҪԼȥӦүүӦûк֮ˣԷȥЩڵԼ˵飬Ҳ˵Ǭ磬ʱԼȥˣ
гӷеôԼҪеӷ֪ЩһѾ˸ǬϣһԸԼҵ뷨֮治֪ô
ڣһлûôʱ򣬾ҪǬһҲҪһʱС˵ˣⶫʢӵߣǧУӦҲֱŹߣҲ˵磬ͬŹߣЩһﲢ֪ԼһôĴڣҲ˵ĹߣӦò磬٣εЩ
Ů洣
ӷ練ţԶʱŮ洽Ǭͨӡģǲ˵ĹߣŮ洣ǵĻΪʲôŮ洽ԶʱڳֹӰӶЩε񣬶ΪŮͲˣ
ӣУһЩ飬ǳӷ֪ģ֮ǰҲû뵽£뵽˵ĻͿֱʾŹùˣ
Ȼ벻飬Ҳûã
ӷڴϣڵʱҲѾˣϿҪˣѾԼ˼˳ǱߣӦûж֮ǰԲܴݾߣӷӲʱ¶Լݡ
СҲ˻ʢ٣СҲڣҪȥһˣɲҪȫҲźã
Ů֮飬ӷĵȷ࣬Ҳλ̣ѣФһĽ飬ĸŮˣͷʹѽرĽ飬˵ӷΪھΣȴ޷κεĲϣлᣬ˵ţúôŮ˰ɣ
ߣӷ·Ѿһеķգͬһͨ˰㣬֮ϡ
ͻȻӷһȻоһɷǳԼ䲻Ǻܴ󣬵ȴӦóѽ
֮Դôܣ
ӷԱһоȷ֮ԴȴǺܴ󣬶ң֮ԴҲǴˣЩɢģΪӷ粢ûиоκε˵Ϣѽ
Ϊ˸֮ԴǴӺζӷѡ׻ᷢʲô¡
Ӻ󣬳ӷѾһŮ˵Ů˵䲻ǺܴȴǳӷڶС
Ԫѽվס
Ů˵ԽԽӷ޷Ů˵ϸо˿ֻֿܣһ˵ΪԶԶԼ֮ϣǿҪϵϢԼǾ޷ֵģڶֻǸͨ˶ѣͲκεϢͨ˵ĻΪʲôᡭ
ӷ˫ȻһתȻһĻԼе㷢㶵龰
ֻһŮˣ׷һԼһ׸ߵСܣû׷СܵģҲ˵ǿСͬܣ
һûܵ
ӷЦһڿʲô¶ᷢѽˣ


1024 ·
Уر࣡һˣѵҲУ
еĳӷ翴ǿýһ׸ߣܵķɿر𣬲ľγɵģһɫˮγɵģſˮδӣ֦ȴǳïʢҶл䣬ЩһɫˮĻУһǹʵĶɢһֶеϢЩϢһ𣬾Ȼγ΢֮ԴҲǳӷоǵ֮Դ
⵽һôΪʲôĹʵȻ֮Դģ
ӷ˫Եķǳⲻ˼һĻóӷķǳ֮࣬е뷨ֻһǿԿ϶ģӦò磬ϣҲܴӵ֮ԴЩһﲻ֪ܲܵˣ
˫һתӷ翴׷ŮˣһŮˣһɫһǳ߹ñӣʷǳãһôʵŮˣȻֵ׷һܣûΪǿĶ֮뺦£ɼǸŮˣӦҲͨˣϣȴκεϢ
˵һȳӷǿǿߵĻͲһ·׷ϵȥ׷һһȫԽǿûܵٵȴûɼͨ˵ŮˣǸͨŮѽ
ӷûֱһֱڰУŮ˵ûǿŮ˵֮ǰӷҲðȻǵѣ޷ȥ϶
Ů׷˺ü֣컹ûֵϳ˼Ѿڽֱ˯˵˺֮⣬ûˣ⾪һĻ
վססվ
Ů˽׷һڣһܽܳӣǰѾû·ˣŮͣ½ŲڵĴǳӣָ·ӵ˵㣬ѽѽҿ㻹ܵȥ
һͯ㣬Ů˲׷ˣּǰѾûȥ·ˣȻԭؿʼƺǸЦһһģ·Ůˡ
˵ڶʢһ־Ԫǿ֮Դģû뵽ȻҸһãң֪ԪǲӦýʵģһʵľԪһһþԪҪС棬Ϳˡ
Ů˵Ļӿڵĳӷ粢ûһ뵽Ů˵ݡ
ĳͷȻ϶ľ磬ԻСĻ͹ˣݺỷô꣬ʲôʱԹĿͷ׶ʥǼѾͷɱͷȻĿǰǱ߻֪С棬򣬵һصǧǿߣǸʱ򣬾Ϊٸߣ㵽˶۷徳磬һ֮ѵԿɡ
˵⻰ʱﶼûףǿһǿߣһǿҪΪҲǲܵġϾҲǸտӣʵ۱û֣Żʵ۱µΪҲѾ϶쾳磬ûгԶɽ쾳ôߣϺӾеЩ֣ҪԸһԶɽҲǲܵ顣
ҪģڵС棬ԭ͵ʥ۷徳ǿ˵ԴߵİѾһ˽⣬ֻҪһܽӴ֮ԴĴڣΪͿԻָ޷ٵʥ۷ľ磬Ҫغȴ⡣
ǰþԪҪĶܳþԪϵĹʵֱӵ֮Դֻ֮ҪһʱĵڵСָܻ
Ѿ·ˣԹԵҳ¾Ԫұ֤˺㡣
һһСĳԪ߹ȥԪҲǿа㣬ǽ֮ϣһ֧֧֦ͣҡţڵĹʵҲڴ
ӵľԪͬӤ˳ӷĶУóӷٴ˴󾪣һûܷܵһӵ֮Դһ򵥣Բ䵽ӲЩһ֪
ڽ챻ԼˣѵԼôˣһɡ
ӷ粻ٶ룬δԪǰһֱӳǰ
һĳ֣Ǵһѣؼʱ̣û뵽ɱôһСӣôţᾫԪ
λС㣬ֺ£ǲǼзѽ
ӷЦһͨˣӷɲὫ
䣬¶΢΢ɱ⣬뽫ǰģһ룬ԼѾǸͨˣڵСԻ٣˵ǰͻȻֵ꣬ϵͨˣԼҲԸѽ
ɢϢɫļΪѿ
ԴߣСӾȻǸԴߣû뵽ϣһ֮СӾȻҲԳΪԴߣ⻹ΪԾѽ
Сӣʲô
ǱΪͨˣôǿߣƶٻһġ
ӷҲ翴ˣŮûһȻ׷ܣɼЩͨ飬Ӧ˽⣡
ʲôⲻǷϻ𣡵Ȼǣˣ


1025 ʧȥһеʥǿ
·£ӷ绹ûɹǴϻͷһأ䲻֪ôȥԱԼ֮ˣϿ϶Ҫǿһˣ
Ϊʹߣʥ۷ǿߣҲͷһ飬Цڵذɣ
˵⾫ԪҲģ㲻٣ֺ£ȻǼзˡȻҪָǰ󵽵Ļ˵٣ҲΪ
ӷϵЦѾʧȻҪ٣ҪˣǾ͸ɵװɣЦԣû˵ƻе˵ˡ
һͨˣǿӲֶʵӷֻҪ˾Ԫ˾ˣͲȥһͨˣô˵ӷҲһйĸ߿״Ԫѽֲ̫⻵Լͷ
ì֮ӷǾԪʱܣǰһѾץסֻһ׸ߵˮֻץסһ֧֦֦ǾԪ߰ץסһСͯͷ㣬޷ѡ
ӷһץס˾ԪԼ׷һϵģԼСΪؼĶô䵽֮֡
ǰѾԴߵ꣬ԻСô
һ룬ӲĲУҲֻˣϣϵ˶ĵʲôϧе֮ģ⾫ԪԼ
λСֵܣ磬ô
ѿıһգתΪһЦݣ⸱ЦڳӷԣȴԵ˵գŮˣԲòÿһżթģ
˼һȤûС
ǲҪǮҿԸѽ
ڵ磬ںǮȨͬģѾмˣȻ֪Ǯڵ˵ŶôҪ
ǮǶҲں
ϧοˡȷǮȨƣʲôطŴǱˣκһΪֻӷ粻ͬǮΪҵļ̳ˣӷ縻ɵйȨ㣬ӷҲѾһ֣ʣµһ֣ͲܸԼˣҪԼȥ
ҸܶǮģҪ٣ܿڡ
ʲôǮԷǮûУӺ˵ʲôɷڵУЩͨ˻𣬾Բᡣ
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Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
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ڡ
½п࣬ǻƽǳˮѽ
ʵҪΪԼΪҵĸ׵زҪϵĹʵΪĸβġĺãҰɡ
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һȥĸװɡ
ӷҲǺ֮ˣܶԷ˵Ǽ٣ĸ׵õʲôһҲ㹻κβ֢ˣβõĻҲѾǽǮܽ˵Ĳˡ
СӲҪǮһȱǮһڼ۾һڵ˵Ѿһˣ
ӷҲɵ⾫Ԫʲôãӷ粢֪ɼȻ˵βǲǼ٣Ӧ֪ãһӵ֮ԴҲԲһ㡣
ӷʵĻƶԷҲɵԼģȻˣԼθڣβȵסԷθڡ
ɫѿӷЦһ˵ҹĸ׵ĲҲһ㣬ҲһʲôðɡǸˣЩֵĶǳȤҿɣ֮Ҽңϸ̸̸顣ȻҲѡһȥĸҽ
˵꣬ӷ񷶦ҲϻžԪֱӽ˲񷶦֮ڣٷԼ⣬ҲԼ
ڽ񷶦֮ǰӷ绹ƼҵĵַŮȥҰɣԼҲΪڼӦǶԷ
ԻС棬ʧȥеļʶ˵Ҳδ飬ӷ˵ʧʧˣңʧ˳ףһϢоˣôܣԼûʧȥ֮ǰΪʥ۷ǿҲܰ쵽ѽҪ߿ԣҲߵĺܳףٶһϢ߲£ӷֵģټĺδ˰ĵ
СӵʲôˣҵľԪ˵ʧı£Ҳ似ƾǳͷ϶쾳ΪҲ첻ѽ
ƣۿԽžԪϵĹʵԼС棬غҵΪ߻ʵ۱£û뵽·ȻɱëͷСӣԼľԪ˵ϴƵģԼһַʧˡ
ӵϼһֽֽϵĵַݺ˵˽֣ƼҡСӣһҵģС֮һҪ֮أ


1026 ľ
񷶦ڣӷ罫Ԫ˽ȴû뵽ɫˮγɵս񷶦󣬾Ȼڲ񷶦ֱ˸ֽ˲񷶦ĵ£ܳӷôΣҲ޷ס
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ӷ粻֪⵽ôһʱͻأ񷶦Ȼʼ֮ԴӦ˵øոճɳ֮Դ
ɣȻ飬֮Դģ
񷶦ûκεû֮£֮Դ֮ڣֳǿ֮Դң֮ϣɢǿҵ⣬Ѿˣ֮Դġ
ǿ֮Դβûоۼӷϣȫյˣǳ׵յˣңҶڲϵıЩɫˮĻڵĹʵҲڿٵı󣬵ÿһ滨Ǵ˵ŵʳ˻㣬Сɫ֮⣬״Ҳʳ˻һÿһƬ꣬һ˫˫ƵģڲͣĶţһһ֮䣬ͬһ죬⻨֮ڣһϴСĹʵ
ӷ籾ֻʱŵ񷶦ڣ˷֣رǸŮˣʲôע⡣
û뵽ս񷶦Ȼᷢ飬ֵôһ£ʲôط
ϵĹʵܳԵģʲôãӣֻǸŮ˲֪ˣ
ӷ̾˿֪Ͳ񷶦ˣԼĻǻõ㣬һûãǷڲ񷶦ڣǶһ𣬷ռ˲񷶦һֵĿռ䣬պʲô¶㡣
ַһ룬֮ԴǻǿԴ֮⣬ӦòĶ֮ԴģȻ֮ԴԼٶеɣ
ӷ粢֪ΪԪֲǻ֮ΪһֲΨһһֳԴ֮֮ԴĴڣǴ֮ԴңֻǬŻУΪǬڵĻֻ˵ԶʱڵһսıǬصʣʹǬڸ޷صֲڵǬķӡѺ֮Ǭǿ߾뽫ֲֲĻǾͿԽԪĹʵȵǵʵΪУȴϣÿδľԪӣҸˣǰʱǬǰ沿ӽ磬Ҳ˴ľԪӣҲͬǵǿߣȫҸˣΨһΪǿһʱĺˣǿӣǳӷ񷶦þԪ֮⣬ӷֵžԪһΪǬǰЩԪֻܽǬǿǿŻӵе֮ԴġžԪȴܽʵҲ˵һþԪĴڣܵеĹһٿͨľԪˣյ֮ԴҲͨԪһٱ
Щ飬ӷĿǰ֪Ҳ̫֪ȻԼסĵطһȥģʱӷҲԴĿе֪⾫Ԫô
һܺЦҵǿߣڻþԪȴϣȻ䵽˳ӷУңԪڲ񷶦ҵǿߣүӸڣֵܷˡҲνɣ
콥ڻʢĳ֮һһݣ꣬ڿճ
٣йӦøڰɣ
ûлشС⣬һ˫۾еĲͬȥ
ڻǵĿģֻһ
٣ʵĺ֪ϣ׷ʲô˼顣ΪʲôһͨˣͻȻͱΪߣ
СЩ飬Ҳܸ㡣֪ǣңѾǰǸˡЩԸı䣬Щ£ȴԶı䡣ҵԺУǵĺһõѣȻǰǣڸԺͬҲǡ
С֪ܶǲԼģʵԼҲ֪
ʢ٣Ϊ˶Ըӷ磿
ǶԸǣɱӷһĻֶΡõˣԣԺʱҪֵСġңӷھǵʱѾҶɱȻ֪ҵʲôˣȻҪɱˣûɱ˵ģҪӱⱻˡ
軰䣬Ȼһת˵ȻˣǾɡ
ৡ
һӰ˵ߡ
С붯֣ȴֹסˣ˵СȥƵꡣ
١
ģµġ
СͷȥоԵġ
Ҳһ꣬йˡ
û뵽⻪ʢپȻô֡ӷյľ鳤Ҳ˹
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裿
ǡ
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⡣ãƾ㣬ɱ𣿡
ľʳ⣬һһ䡣
ľؿһ仯ΪԾת裬ĬòŷһЦû뵽Ȼġڸôƺ㣿
ľأ뵱һŵʱ򣬻ûĴڡû뵽ҸôãðôˡʱֵĻӷ磬Ѿˡ
ڵĵڶ
ڵڶ󣬵һˣλľ鳤ǰǶ༸ۡʱҲǱһĻҲͬһˡ
˵죬Ϊ˵ĶԻֻˡ
ľЦһֻΪԼʲôʲôҵ¡ʱ飬ɲܹңʱӷ̫ǿгҵκϽҲֵĻǹھͬʱˡ
֡ڵĵһ˵
ڶЦľأҿ㵽ж
顣
˫һƣľһҲûһҲûϣͽʮ
ڶⲻܣ
ɵһûеڶôԾЦҲµĹȻûľأԴߵʵˬɣ
ԴߣľأȻҲΪԴߣôܣ
ӣ֪ܶѽ
֪ģǰһ̣ȫ֪ˡľأȷô̼꣬ӵһСҲҪ˵ɵӡƾɱӤҰһ𣬾ƾôôͽԴߣıû˰Ļ㣬ƨ㡣
Ȼڣô
ôֻ̳и
ѾһΣѵͲڶ𣿡
㣬ûôģ㱳֮ˡǺ֪㱳ǸˣʲôͷȻ԰ɱӤҰһ򣬰Ȩձ𾳽磬ӷԿʵأӦòڳ֮°ɣ
ҪҺԡ飬ûʸ֪
Ȼľ鳤˵Ҳˡɺ졣


1027 ʦѧ
ӷֻһͽӵФĵ绰
ɵģФһٱԹʢٶʮˣӷȴӰҲϻ˵Ǳߵ飬ФΪӷͲӹŵģôܽ˹ȥԼ첻Ӱ
ӷεһͣȴܸФʵѽԼӹûŲԼҪԭҪԭʲôǼȴФ֪
Ф˵ĵص㣬ӷ˻ʢһҿ
ӷֱȥФ޵ѧԺģФ˵иʲôʦҪԶ͸ɴཫӷҲ˹ȥʡ鷳
ӷôǾãФһʱһƭƭȵĸоѽǵϾʱͷ飬ַͬ飬ФŮ˻ǳԵĿѽߵʲôطܻӭ
ϾʱФǶǱĿĵģһǸϺʲôӣȴĸ³ڶ̨̼ҴСŵˣФˣε飬ѵûФѧһôһףѵͲһαƭ
ӷҲû̫࣬Ͼ磬ȻФ˵ǸʦǾһǸ˰ɣ߳ӷڣ⻪ʢѧԺڻʢҲһĴѧˣʦӦö͵ģңФѧģϽ޵ģѾʦˣܳΪʦʦҲӦǸϲʿ֮ɣ䲻ұ֤ԷˮƽǷФ֮ϣЩΪʿĴڣҲӦֵһ¡
ӷȽ磬ФǸʦûҲΪӷԭҿǴƼҵģǸŮӦѾȥˣӷһ룬ǸŮ˶һȽϺãθڣԼܸĴе֪ǿʲôá
ڷԱĴ£ӷһᣬΪФָģӣӦФǸʦѾ˵İᡣ
ڰڵʮӣŲŴ򿪣ֻˣһһŮ˽ŮȻФФûий˶ɣҲɣһȽϳֲŵŮװԵıƽʱӵƯеģóӷе⣬ǸˣǸͳйˣһѪļûУɫװͣȻҲǺܴӦʮң
ˣФڻʢѧԺʦ̫ѽѾģɲҪٸʲôˣϴ飬ɲ̫ôѽϾй˼Ҷ˴ģɾеܵˣ
ӷ磬ҲǵģʢôҲҲӰʵ⼸춼ʲôȥˣӷЦһ˵һˣʲôûڽϿŮŮйĿǴвͬѽſţͽˣ
ӷΪˣФܱȺóӷУֿŮȺãԲڳӷϣߵŮˣйģҵģаɡ
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ܸʶ㡣
ӷЦһ£ҶйˣбҪһӢ
СλѣӦĶӢɣǲ³ӷ粻ӢصʵһʾеˣȻ˼һҵȻǶӢģôķԱѽ
ФҲǿЦһ˵ٶİ˹ԡ
Фνһ仰˵ڣóǲ൱ĳԾӢ˵˹ԣ̫˲ˣҵͬѧУûһܰ쵽ѽλӦǹͷɣ
ӷͣǲԲΪȻ˼Ҷİ˸ҵԣڳǲȻˡ
ӷɲϰҵԸͬΪй˵˽й˵һǸѧңФڵϾѧͶ
ѧҲ̫˼ˣŶȻ˹ԡ
ǲΪФſڿӣԼʿǰҲûǸҪǺ˵ĻԼֻҪһǾҪˣФҲӦòѳġ
ʦǸѧĶɶˡһеĸ߿״Ԫң黭һģǰҲֻǸѧѡ
Фûк˵ȷǳӷѧ⻰ڳǲĶУе㲻ˡ
ϾǲФʦФȻ˵ӷҲʦʲô˼ԼһʿȥһŶѧȣңѧйѧ
ΪߵĹϵǲûнеĲ˵Цһٶ˵ʲôˣ
Фǲ˵ʱҲõӢóӷǲѽ㲻һﵽʲôǸйˣȴҪװӣ˼ô
Фӷ֮ûκεıܻ䣬ֻҪǼŮǰͿˣԣФİóһСӣ˳ӷ磬˵͸㣬ϲ𣿡
ӷ򿪺һһֱңʿֱ
бҪô˷ֲǲ֪ҴЩġ
Ф֪ӷ˵Ҳעһˣֲйܴʲô棬ҪΪǹӰɡ
ӷ֪Ф˵ʲô棬һԼţܾܲȥɣǻڶҵѽȫ˶ţԼȴһʵܹȥʵе˵ȥˡ
Ҿˡж𣿡
ҿӷ·ģΪʲôûǮѽĳѽ
ФûЦʶӷôã֪ΪˣФ˵ˣ
óҵļ̳ˣϾȻûǮģҲ̫Ǹ˵ɡ
ǮóФԵǼɣȫ˳ӷ磬һŽ𿨸˳ӷ磬˵ǽģҪģңҪϢġ
Ҷôˣܱܲôѽ˻ع֮͸㡣
ðǮûеˣ˵䣬ͼ
ǲڿʼ״ˣǸСѽôţǱФģңǻʦ
һ룬ʦڣԼǿФϵģմϾѧҵֱУˣӷϾѧҲ˵Фҵһ꣬ӷսϾѧӦѧѧܵĹϵ
ʲôϵΪһˣָŮҪǮǲԣҪǮҲˣ㻹װʲôװѽ
ڳǲѾӷŵλϣȻӷɫ


1028 쵰
СڿˣԭλŶӦѧѽ
ǲ⻰˵ڣûд˿Ĵ⣬ɴ˿ɼӦòФ׷ߣӷ統ȻҲû̫࣬ѵһΣΪλ²ʿԼӦòŵġ
ФСͨ죬Цһ£˵ʦϣ㲻ҪҴһȿȡ
ǲɺܴ󷽣òôأȻʶãɫѣҲΪеˡλѣһǹҵĶġ
ǲ⻰һ˵ڣФɫ̾ͷ˱仯ȴûпǲǿ˳ӷ磬ɲҪΪһ仰Ĺϵʲôźѽ
Ф֪ӷݣǳҵļ̳֮⣬ͬʱԼҵļ̳ˣԼһôĴڣһ͵йɫ壬һǸΪԼȻҲһԼҵѪҺȱְࡣ
ǲղǾ䡰ǹҡǷӷֺɫӵܵĴɣǸйˣȴԼĹң˵ǵĹңѵ㽫Լĸ
Ф³ӷΪԼҵĹϵǲ쭣Ф֪ӷֶΣ˵йӷ޷ЩҲˣĿǰŵܲɻѽңһƼҲӷ粻ԼЩҲ㹻κ˵ùģ
Фܺ³ӷΪǲһ仰Уڣӷֳ̬ȲûФô⡣
ʵǲһӢ˵ʱӷѾ֪һӦǴСģӦ񣬳ôûȥйȻȻʹС˵뷨й˵ĲмԼĶ
һСй˵ѾˣӷȻὫĻϣǾ仰ڳӷҲǹ˵ڵģԳӷҲûһ¡
Ф̾˿ӷûֳʲô̬ȣŷ
ǲ治֪ʲôһФӿĻ֮󣬾Ȼһ䣺йˣʵڼ̫ˡʱͺңʱԷǰҲ̹йѧÿһڸ鷽涼ˡ˵˶Щй˵ĹǱй⽨˼ѽֻһ˵Ĵڣһˣйһ仰˵һ޶ϵˡ
ӷߺſȣųǲ˵ĻϵıӣѾķ˫ۣҲѾĿ˳ǲ
ФȻһФ̫£µͬʱ൱ļңÿӷʱʲô·
Фֽӷ·Գӷ粻ͣʹɫ˵ҵĴѽڿ£ٸǵ鷳ɣ
ӷ翴Фе˼磬Ҳʲô鷳ͬʹһɫ˵쿴ϣҵʲôû
Фַˣ˿
ӣ⿧ǺȲȥˣȥ֪ʦ˵ʲôĻӷͿ޶ȵģ첻ǿԼϣʦɾҪùˣҲҪȥѧԺˣֱȥҽԺȹ±ɣ
ʵҶйĽһĿģҲܹйĽ磬йɵġ˵ǰʱйѾϯһǸŮˡһŮϯûʲôһĸʲôãⷽˣҿԿ϶ϯλӣӦ˶áϾһںĻ綼군ġ
ðɣǲǲʲô˵
Ѿ˵Ҳˣô˵йȥˣֱӵйϯĲǣǵȴڣʸ˵
ФҲ֪ǱȸǺסˣǱǲĻסˣ˼ҪȰǲ˵һʱӷ˵йϯǲѽ
Ҳǲֻһ˵һˡ
ô֪ǹҵϯֻһķھ÷չ棬ûȥ˼棿
⻹˵˶˵ġ
ԭֻǵ;˵λʦ֪Сָյʦܳģǹжλ
ФϾѧصذŵҲһѡ
ʹˡС֮⣬ǹÿһѧµʦ죬Ҳǹҵϯ֮ڽĵһȻȻȫµʦͬʱн쵼ˣһЩʦǶФһֱ͵ȫ粻ͬĹҽ졢ѧϰѧϰ˵ĳԲԼĶ̴νĶ̴ʵ˵ǹҵĽ⣬룬ҲǲҪȥģǹңκһңκһˣֻһζĿԼĳ֪ԼĶ̴֪ȥѧϰĻһٷĹңбµˣҲĹң֮󡣹ʲԷ⣬ˣʦӦúɣ
Щǳӷ˵ģǰٷ֮ٵʵФ֮⣬ڵѧҲѡ˺ܶʦ쵼죬ϾѧФ֮⣬⻹ʦУ쵼ˣЩФԼ죬һǮóЩǮԼģҲУģǹҳġ
ǲɫеѿû뵽ӷ˵Ļ⻰˵ģ£ǲ֪Գӷ˵Ͳ˵ⷽ͵ļʶ˵һжֻΪԼĻȥģ͸˵Ϊ룬ΪԼĹ˵ˣ
ӷ˵ҪϵѧϰҲĳɳӷ˵ĻӦòֳɳĳ̶˵ġ
ˣӦôһ㣬̫СԶܳɾʹµġ
ӷ粢ûΪǲĻŭ䣬ͷҪּˡǲӷһƢˡ
ͶʲôֻǸѧˣйѧʿǰʸ˵Щ
ӷЦһ£˵ĲʿɣѵͬʱҲüѧλ𣿡
ҳԹαԹķ࣬߹·߹ŶࡣСƾʲôЩ
ӷٿЦһ˵Щ˵İɡҲû۵˼
˶٣ӷ粻мĻһȥһҺһҽԺڵѪҺȫˣϵƤҲȫˡ
ʲô˼
ǲȻǷŭ
ФìܷչҲ̫˵㣬ҪֹɳǲȴͲ
ʲô˼ΪһйˣȴһĽԼȵףڿйһ£ŵģǲй˵ѪҺƤǲй˵ĻɫƤ
йˣޣҶΪҵй˸е裬ѡĻɲҪƤ
ĲҪǲҪѡ㣬Һ㴦һ¡
Фˣһ³ǲĻɫƢɶ˼ɱȻФҲˣ֮ǰ֪ǲ˵ĻҲһȶڣɲóӷ⻪ʢɱѽﲻй鷳ģ
ӷ磬ҳһ£л˵
ФҪӷȥΪ鷢˾̫ˡ
ǲֻʱ𣬲Фӷȥǲȳȥӵ绰ȥˣ


1029 Ϸʼ
ǲɫ԰ףһ绰ѾӷˣϾͣѾΪ˲ʿǻʢѧԺĸ߼ʦνΪﶼܸӣٶҾҲ￪һС˾⻪ʢٵǱкüףܳ͸˵ˡ
ǲΪᣬƽȻָĺûδ˷ѧԺ쵼ɱһʲôʱ˵ʲôѪҺƤˣʲô˼˵Լ˶𣬽˵ѪҺƤˣҰ޵ѪҺƤ
ǲŭ߳ᣬڽ˵绰ʱͷת䡣
үʵڱǸ˵֮飬ǸйŮˣȻѣ
ǲǳ˵ηĽŵ绰Էһ˻㱨Լߵ
ԷʽӢ˵ˣүʲôһҪǸйŮ˸㶨ǸйŮǱүйŮζһβݳκ⡣
ǲӢֽˣߵ˶ƺǲ֣ҲֻЩйѧŻС
ǲηԷҲ˵ǷǳĶԷڱ˵ǰǿү㶨һйŮˣɱ飬ǲҲûٸɹ
ν˹İ࣬ˡƽģģһʲô¶ɵĳ
ѽ治ܿ棬һ˵ı棬Զ޷ģ
үģҿǰµģеŮˣ˭ҸѽһǸйŮ˵ԣ˵ҪҳֵģǸйŮ˵һүĴԼŮ͸ˡ
Էšһ˵үҲǸ֮ˡҪĻйСһǮɣ͵ү⳥
ǲŶԷķԸߵͷ˿ү仰Ҳ㹻ĵǰ˸ӷ˵Ҳõʲôˡ
һ룬ФԼѧҲ֪Ǹгӷûʲǫ̂Ϊ£֮Ǿ鷳ˣΪǰҲûҵѧܵ˼裬ԷĹǱΪ෽ѹ´ʹ˾˵ǳ࣬ԣǲò೤һۡ
үҪҪȲһйСӵĵϸҽָȥһ£Էһ
ǲ˵ӷ֣Է˵ˣһйСӣѵڱүǰʲô粨ɡʱµĻɱ˾ˡ
үӢȥ¡
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ڣФ˵ӷ磬Ҳ֪ҿУյģȻ˵֪УУ෽ǿӣյʢپǳĻУǱҲѽ
֪˼ʵҲû˽оûǸʸ񡣡
ѽ˭ѽóӣǲʸѽ͡
᣿ѵ㻹ҿǴ绰СѣһȥƼͰɣƼǱ߻еҴء
ʵҲپ˵Ŀġӷ磬˵ĺֵǺģǧҪСһѽ
پСʲôʱôˡ
Ҳܹġ
ˣҵ㲻Ҫܣ߰ɡ
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Фղһʱʧ̬ʵڲ˼ѽôǾҪ𣿡
Ф˵ǻҪȥһѣԳʦͲ˼ˡ
Сǻɣʵһһ£һ¡
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ղŻŭ죬ȴΪЦӭˣ仯ǲ̫ˣӷȻµĵǲһûʲôģ
СȳȥҰɣҸλʦġ
ǡ
İɣǺܿͳ
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Фȳȥˣӷʵʦʲôֱ˵ɣǲǸСйأ
ǲıһ䣬ڱΪһЦҲתĨǣֱӾ˵ʵġһѣǰС˵Сһ顣
˵⻰֮ǰǲΪӷϾΪһˣһ˵Ļ˭ƽģӷȴǷǳƽ
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ǲû뵽ӷ˵һ治֪˵ʲôˣҸóӷ֪Լأ˵ʲô
Ӧ֪йжСﲻģСλһҵүδүѾ˵ĺˣϾҪС㣬ԸһǮȥС⡣Ȼ㲻ԸĻǺǺصġ
ӷûʧЦǲ治һĴֿ֣湻ģȻҶԼ˵Ļ
ƽʱӷֻҪһָǲ˵ʲôүĺѿڵĳӷ粢û
ү
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ѽҲӦĻǲ˵Ҿûйˣ
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ǶԷҶǮ
ԼڣֻҪ۸үܽܵĻ⡣
ҿӦҿ̸Ҳ̫ˣֱӴȥǸʲôүɡ
ү
Ȼӷˣү
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еĻǾ̸ˡ
ӷ磬㲻Ҫ֪ôҿΪȫŸ˵ôģҵĻѾǸˡ
ӷװһǳµӣ˵ʵǿЦġǮȻҪȻǸʲôүСĸҪ鷳ʦλүǰ˵ûΪҪǣһҪǵҵѽҽУӣ硣
ӷ⽫Լ˵ǲǸСɫ˵ǸŶСɫԼֿɱעţȻԼֶûǸù
йһ仰˵ʶʱΪܡģһڿүǰ˵ֵġˣȻ㶼ѾӦˣҾȴСүǱȥ
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ȻǣҿɻֻСȥһϵġҰС˵˵ɡ
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ӷ¶һЦ˵СôĶ֪
߳ӷФ˵˼仰ǲ֪˵ʲô
Фɫ䣬ѹסԼ˵ûи
İɣµġ
֪£ҿɲˡ
Բκζĵ顣
Ӧԣʲô𣿡
ҪʲôҸʲôҪŶ³λӸ
ٸһףһѵһᲽĺ𡣡
Фųӷ粻ԼµģФӦԭ㣬Ǹǲ̫ˣһѵ֪ԺẦأԼһΰɣΪպŮܿ࣬ӷһϷ
ǲǲмĿһ۳ӷ磬ȻФԼĳ
ӷ翴ФȥһָӰڳӷ
Ҷˣ˭Сһ£ͷ
ǣ
ӷóֻһ绰˵ɣʲôط
￴С˵
Сˡ
ʲôط
֪Сֻɡ
ϵŶˣиŮ㡣
ȲҪᡣ
̵ĵ绰ӷִһ绰ڹѧĻѡ
ҵĳӣп𣿡
ûء
㻹绰ҡ
ΪСˡ
ʲôʲôط
֪Сֻɡ
ϹȥȺ˸ӡ
оӣҰţ̸ϵλɣФʲôطκʱ䶼Ҫȫ
ӷЦϷʼˣ


1030 ȰӰ
ǲ֪ԼѾͷˣһЦĿųФһſڡ
ⶰΧʮڿţÿһ˶һװ˵׵ߣһȫһɫĹͷһӾ֪ʲôûɫ
ǲϨ˵С㲻ú£үĸԺֻҪүźˣҪʲôʲôͲҪٻйȥһСʦˣڻʢ٣пү㣬û˸Ҹ˵һػ
ǲǸƤģĻʿ˹ѽ
òϣФһǳĺӣһ·ûȰǲϾԼʦФǲ뿴¡ǲȴܲʶ̧ٵĽФĻ˶߷磬Ϊ˿ؼ󴬣ԼͿԺˣýκ˷
ǰǲҲܹܶѧԺŮѧЩӸʶĸʵĶУ
ʦȰһΣ㽫ߣʲô鶼ûС˳Ҫˡ
һʿФеģʵ̫ϧ
Ŭ׷߾磬ΪʲôѵΪЩ캦Ϊ潵
ȻģǲûФȰ˵ϣΪФں£˵СʶҲԵ㲻õģԺһڿүǰΪ˵ġȻүŮ˺ܶ࣬йŮˣȴûһ
Ф̾˿һûľˣȻԼϧԼһôϻ죬ΪǰЩŮѧֻظɡ
Ҳȳǲ³ФԼŴ򿪣ȥ
ǲޡһ˵ŮˣһУֻҪǮ飬ʲôԸȥ
ĺŹӸŶģžƣŮˣõǶѾˣЩŹӸҲһʮʹ޵ĻǾǡԼѾǮˣԼȥ׬ȥЩ˵ĹȥҪ
ĻЩŹӸ粻˵һΣ춼˵
Ů˶֮Ѿ־壬κȥǣǲ֪ƵģŮŮ֮䣬ǿȺãŮŮһ㣬ѹİ̲֮ˡ
Ŵ򿪣ǲФ˽ͼһȽѵĽ𷢹ӸЦˣˡ
𷢹Ӹһƣһ¼һҲҪϰɡ
عӣķԸôӡѾˡ
ү·һվȣǲǰȥ
ФһӵĳУܵˣ͵ĵӰδҲֻתȥϣʱ䲻̫á
˵йŮˬɵôˬүûԹˣȥŮ˵·ˣү档
⻹ҪŵѽǼֲˣǰЦСԼѣʦ㣿
ޡ
Фȥǲˣ˽ʦԼ֮ǰϹۡ
ǲƵФǰҪ˵ʲôǿүȴܲӣ˵ˣ㲻˵Ѿ㶨𣿱үûǿġȰү˵ˣ˵ү㡣
ǲͷ󺹣ͷ
СɲҪʦѽѾˣźһ¸λүʦ֤ٲĺô
ǲòҪңڵġ
ҿǿүˣѵ⻪ʢ٣˸ҶҲɡ
ʢȻûУйС
һˣйԿүݣ˭ҸΪС
ǲһФФȴվԶأһҲûж
ФţǲҪԼĻδԼ֮ǰѾǸˡ
ʵФǰ㣬ֻŴ˿ͬʱһ洵һɷǳĵζФŵζʱֻһĶģû³
Ź
ФһѾŵѪȵζҲ˵棬Ӧˣ˺ܶ࣬ԼǰЩˣƶѾˡ
顣
һ죬˽ɳǲղŶû˽ģԶرգóǲе㵣ģ鷳ɡ
ү
ǲܵ˿үߣүҲһ¾࣬һһأһ⣬ԼкܶౣڣԼû֮ǰǲģڳЩ֮⣬Ҳû˻ԿүŻ˵ĵġ
ФС㣬˼һʱ
վǰӤҰѾסФӰӣ֪ʲôʱġ
˵ҼĵĶ˵㻰
ӤҰ˵ФС㣬ǵĲǧ־ȷ뿪ɣ
Щ˶ˣ
ţɱˡ
㻹ҳȥ뺦ѽ
ôˣڳ֣ФϻüԲ£˯ŵģ
ӤҰΪѣȥǸôѽƴỹᷢĵأ
˵ȷФС㵽Աһ°ɣϾ͵ˡ
Ӱӽûȥүǵģھ˵УЩһȫǷҪɱǣҲգ֮飬ǸܲԸͲô
ȻΪҪǣڳһӷˣ˽컹ˣȻǿؼүҲǿؼεļ̳ˡ
ǣʲôˣ
үӢʵܿϧӤҰӢġ
ͬȰĶŮ֣ÿүһȻҲ뵽ԼʮڣͨǲܽģȻ˽ˣǾ˵ԼЩѾԼˣ


1031 ֲĶ
үͬȰĶŮ֣һ¾˹֪ԼؼƼҴĻȣЩɱ֮ԼؼҲɹ٣ƼǱȻʲôƼǱԮ˵չԣƽߵĿү⼸ͷһı
ԼʱܵвָʲôʱƼҵ˾ðҪԼˡڣŮĳ֣˵ԼЩѾȫˣŮǲֵܳģүȻȻͽŮƼҵˣ֮ǰΪƷԵڳ˹
ڿүŮȻΪФʱǿԭŵģҲ΢Ƽҵˣʲô˵
ˣôµģ
үҲֳֻǲˣȻὫƼ֮˷ӲţƼҵ֮⣬˸ҶԼô
ǲҲһͷˮô£һǴðģѵФѾģҲʲôطЩСɫ
νƣǲпүŰ裬κ˷ǼҵǼС˾Ҳǿؼŵģ׼ȷ˵ǲȫˣǸؼ򹤵ģȫˣǺֵĳԱ
ֽỹ˼ڵϵˣҲΪ˲ʿڻʢѧԺЩ쵼Ҳ֪ģΪֵؼĹϵŲҶǲô֪ƽΪΪԼ˵İȫֻһֻۣһֻˡ
ǲղŻǱһɼȻŮǿؼĵˣʲô˵ˡ
λʲôˣ֪֪ʲôط
һӢھӤҰȴһֻҽƵġ
ûǲһŭǰҪѵڿүǰúñһ£˭֪Լһָֻȴǰһ漴ǲĿԼһֵֻ˵ϡ
ٶ֮죬óǲһʱ䶼ûиоκεʹֱǰѴ̵ջأǲŲͷһԼֱۣȻҽһֱӵڵϴ

ڵĲҽУ⾪ĵһĻûˣرǿүţԱߵФŵɫףһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ӤҰ˵һﻹûФС㣬Ͷʲô
ӷµ˭ФͽͷڣҲûͷѽ
ֻǷһֶֻѡ
ֻǡѡФһμʶЩ˵Ŀ£治֪ӷǴʲôطЩˣ⻹һħħپһҲһձŮˣ
үڼǲֱ˿֮ɫҲʼ仯
ΪֻƼҲŻԼвû뵽Ƽ֮⣬Ȼ˸
ԱӸ磬ɵŮˣҲȫ˹һȫܵ˿ү󣬵һۣͿһֵֻĳǲ
үʲô£
һӢĹӸʵ
ʸƨȻǵˡϸɵ
үŷӦγǹںڵǹڣ׼˾ͬʱ⼸Ӹ磬ҲȫγǹЩ˳žȻȫǹϵģɼЩһĳвѽһ׼ûУʱû
ЩӸ翪ǹֻӰһ㣬ڿүǰһȻ󣬿үǼֻоԼһ顣

Ѿ˳ΪԼ³ǲһڿ󣬷֣Լеǹø룬ͷڵϣԼŵֻǹβԼ֣һ¶ûУղŵһ飬Ϊ˽еǹʱɵġ
̼ܽԼ˵ǹ룬ԷҪԼԴƵġ
ЩӸѾ֪ԷΣճ̶ȣԲЩɱ֮£ҪӲĻС汣ס
ڣĿǰҲ֪ԷĿģǵӣӦΪ˾˶ģֻҪѳӸˣ˵ֻһᡣ
үǣѣ
ʳɵƵ⣬ʳĹӸȴɵϣֻѿүҪ˵õǸĻҪǸԼٸɵԷ
үǹӸ˼˵λ⣬ֻǸᡣ쵰ģүһϵûѽ
һûһۣȻ֪ӷҪʲôǾӤҰȻѾ˸ףڳӷû֮ǰԼʲô˵
Ů˵ΪȱסԼүڵϴĳǲҲǶֻǶȣ˵ˣү⵽ô£λйС㣬ǲʲô᣿ڵĳǲĻ˵ʲô˲ҽ֮⻹ǲҽС
үߵˣԼейŮ˵ʲôͷ߾Ȼ˿ֲ˵ɱ˾ɱˣֻ˺ݶ⣬⵽˭Ǻڵѽ


1032 Ƽ
ֵܣ𼤶ǧ𼤶ʲôǿǮҸǮǮǧҿǿؼļ̳ˣǶңҲûġ
үѾŵ˫ŷԷֶΣԼЩˣ˵һ㷴ûУԷҪɱֵĻԼֻ·һˡ
ɲô࣬ڳӷ֮ǰҪѪУȻԼԺҲٰˡ
ļӸһԼ߹ңԼ˵ĻҲƵġ
ȻһйˣȻҪй˵ֻϧڳûһйġ
ⶼǿһ⣬ûϵѽֵܣҪɱĻɱһ˾ͺˣǶ޹ġ
Щ쵰ƽһӣھȻ˵Ļ
أģ˵һܺõйС椸棬Լ֪ߵغôܽǶˮ
ǡҪɱǣһҪɱǡ
һȺ֪ļһһȺûļһô㶯ͽǸųʲôؼļ̳ˣǸ
˵ʵڶ붯ЩϻˣɱǣֻԼ֡
Фεĳ嶯ˣɱ˵ĻʵǶס
ǵȾ˵ɡ
ӤҰФӣ֪ФǸͨˣǸŮٿЩ̵ĳˡ
Ǵʱֱ˸һ˿ģȴǳӷ磡
үһˣ¿Цˣû֮ǰֻţΪģˡ
ʮ˳˽ʱվģȫ˿үǰ
үû°ɣ
һʵһ׵ӣʲôûУΣӦǻֵļһ
áҽ⼸˸ˡ
ǣү
׸ߵİ˸ǴӿүȥģΪؼڲ̫ƽϿӣǳ۰ӣ¶ʲô⣬ּôûлȥɳ˳ҡ
û뵽Ͽɳ˸ҵүıͼүЩȫɱˣ׸ߵİһֱӳ˱
үûΣգԼҲʱһĻ治֪ôϿؽ
үģ⼸˾ͽˣߡ
׸ߵİ˶Լ˵ү뿪
ǣ硣
ڼ˵ı֮£үĳȥ׸ߵİҲ̶֣ȻԷԽʮ˱ȫɵɼԷͨˣðȻֵĻԿĿԼ
ǵʲôˣ
أʲôҶһԷݸûͶֵĻһһ˵ȥˣ֮󻹻ʲô
ûȥˣĿǸүӷ绹ϸˣԼҲû
һҲܣȫ°ɡ
һӣһ磬ֱӽŸ
һ֣ÿؼһһҲ̫ţ˰ѣһӣֱӽŸͨˣ
ФС¥ȥ齻Ҵ
šٶȿ㣬Ⱦˣô޹صˡ
ס
ӤҰФ¥Фģ˵ǧɱˣġ
ФСģаˡ
˿̣ڱ֮⣬һһɫı۳ֹͣǰӳϣ˶ʮˣЩȫйˣЩ˵ģȻ̡
ҽΧ
ǣС㡣
ƼʱͽΧ˭Ҳ뿪
ͬʱһɫķ˹Ѹһ³ͼ̡
ɣҲˡ
ӷ绰˵Сˣ׷Сֻ
Ҳһˣӷ绰ǣԼôû
ڻϢƳЩ֮⣬ӷѾˡ
پǼȫƼңڱˣȻܲµǳӷӰӡ
ڣһؼĳԱ˵磬Ƽҵˡ
ʲôƼҵô
׸ߵİ˿˾Ȼ뵽ʲôƵģʵƼҵˣ
һ룬ǸйˣӢԼһйЩӸ粻ͬڵҪһ֪ʶġ
Ƽҵˣ׸ߵİйʵ
ҡҡͷ
ƼҵˣΪʲô
׸ߵİ뵽ʲôƵģѵƼҵԮйˣ
ƼҲĪҪԼؼ忪սҲѡʱ򣬵ƼҵȴԸϵˣ˵ʲôֻ˵ԼҵλүģӦþйˡ
΢΢˵ͷһͷ׸ߵİ˴󾪣죬湻ùģλү˭ȥǣôƫƫĿǰΪͷʹĶ
Ƽû̳ȻӷӰڣФͲ⡣
ң̸ֲɵӷȻ֪ФˣӦøФһʣ˭ڳӷｫФߣⲻڿЦˣΨһĿǣӷǹģ̸ֻѲ֪ӷʲôҲһʱ嶯ĳƻ˳ӷļƻ
һԿ϶ӷ磬ѾʼжˣѾʼԿؼˣڱˣФˣɾǿؼˣ


1033 һεĽ
׸ߵİĽǱÿүԼȥסүܵ˺ǾԼû£صؼҲֻ·һ
ҲģļӸŮȴΪǸүֻǾѣҲѾ֪ү˲򵥣ÿؼηģԷѾ֮ˡ
ǳǲѾ˹ȥһֻ֣ѪͣʱƵĻɻΪʧѪർڣ˭ȥġ̫ˣǲʱδʱѾˣСҲûʲôͷˡ
һѴ̵ԿؼʮˣЩھֻЩСɫˣγӷĿɲǣ˵ǿүҲֻǿӰˣӷҪģǿؼƼҵĵһͻҲ˵Լﵽ֮ĵһγͻԣӷ絽Ҳû֣ȴ̸˹
ҪٽӵκεҲ֪ôȥˡ
׸ߵİѾγǹںڵǹڶžȻ֪ЩͨǹκεãһʱһʱɣԼˣѾ绰˹ˣϣԼؼܹϹ
磬ƼҵѾˣڸô죿
һСܻ䣬ȴǺһ˹ȥ
Ĵ̵СܵţͲκһ˷ӦСܲҽһѾ˵ϡ
¥ϵФĲҽ֪ˣǵù֪֪ͲӦӷģܵ
ȻѾˣҲѾˣФôֻӤҰı֮£ڶ¥һҲģֻŵĵȴ鷢
׸ߵİ˼һ仰˵ɱԼһ£ɼЩ֮ǰжôĲҡ
Ƕǿؼ忪սˣ
׸ߵİòôйʵȴֻ΢΢˵ͷ̬ȣûԼؼƵġ
ǰϿؾѾԼؼκˣøƼҷͻӲܸƼҵԮоؼҲ˵˶飬ڶԶйܹƼң֮һҲʲôЭ飬򣬸ճưйĶǲôܵģֱӽС
¶һľЦݣеĴ̵ҪʼѪ㣬գۼֶѻƵģৡĵ׸ߵİ˶漴׸ߵİ˾ԼЩµĲҽ
̼䣬׸ߵİ˸ү֮⣬ؼ嵽ˣȫ˵ϡ
һĻļӸŮˣҲȫѹˣ֮ǰΪƷĻþȫȻʧֲһĻϴǵͷԣÿһ˶Żĳ嶯ȴûκһŻֻɵɵģģǰ顣
ڱ֮⣬ƼһԱսһ绰ܵ˵С㣬ؼǱߵĴѾжˡ
ҲͲµӣӦþǳӷεĿˣñˣϿضŭԴ˽ؼĴ
Ȼ鶼ѾչˣȻվſؼƽ죬ԼƼңؼĵһ潻ˡ
ȻؼѾˣǽ죬ͺúɡ
ƼҳԱ˵ͷһ绰
ͬʱƼǱߣүڿ֮ڣԼԼƼҵĴ˵֧ԮǱߡ
ǣү
ƼҵʱΪ˷ֹؼ͵Ϯ󲿷ֵȫۼ˽֣ڼȻؼѾжˣү´ҲƼгԱ˺ܾõʱ̡
˽ϣͣ߳йˣҲа˸ˣЩ˺ܿ˲ͬĳӣ뿪˽֡
پףкվƼ֮⣬໥һۣȻͬʱһȥ
ҮƼжˣȴֻĸˣȥӷҲ֪ʲôطƼڵϿؼĻһܳԿġ
Ү˵ҪҪҮҲȥ
үЦˡε鷢̫ͻȻ룬һӷĹȻӷţһ˰գǾȵŰɡ
һġǰؼǲòѽ
ҮĶ滹һˣ佣
ڣؼ㲻ʲô
佣ƼңϣЩ֣Ҳմκεıˡ
ҮıȽ϶࣬òȳӷÿһһôķƼؼ֮һĶԿԴӿؼ̽Ƽҵ֮󣬿ؼûʲôˣӦڻûƼҵĵϸ֮ǰƼ֮Ҳһڻǰؼǹʲôط֮ǰҲҶ֣ȴϣӷȻƣ˵־ͶˣԼ벻ġ
ڣԼҮƼҺΪŹͬĵˣ˵ȵ˵ˣԼҮľУ񲻳ƼңƼҵʱưԼҮָôȥԣԳӷΪ˵ԲԼǳĸƼҺģǸʱΪ˰Ƽҳеĺ󻼣᲻ԼҮأ
ӷݰйͷͬʱǳҵļ̳ˣȴڣҲֻк֪ĿؼŸ֮ΪУԼҮ壬ûӷ綷
ҮѾ뵽Ժ飬ΪԼҮ壬ӣԼɲʲôѽ
佣һ˫۾һҮ䣬ȴʲôҲû˵
ҮֻԼıһ飬ʱʪһƬֿµɱԼѾֵסˣԼηģǳӷһ£ǳӷ籾ǿһôĵزԼҳӷ磬뻢


1034 ջ
ؼ壬ϿһõϢͲһеĽ˳ȥûȥԼжʲô
鷿ڣϣķֺŭһ豭˵ϣȴûŭϾǿؼ壬Լĸ־ۼˣѾ¶ȥϿ֮⣬ûеڶ֪Լ˵ݡ
أǲǷˡ֪ʱƼҶŸɣôĺ
һ˫ŭ۾ϿأĿؼĴĵģֻԼļƻڼƻѾؼʱ̣ΪؼʧܵĻǾһϿأҲϣԼҲܵǣ
ҶƼҵңҲڳٲֵĻҶӵͱסˡ
ôˣòһӣǺôأϿҲܵʲôûһľΪļƻ롣
˶˽ģּϿصı飬Ҳ˵ʲôˣϾԼļƻҪſؼΪΣһؼʲô⣬Ҫȥұĵط飬Ļʱϣͻ顣
̾˿װһΪϿӣʵ޲ھͽϼһˣԼֿؼ塣ĻؼĳԱһݵģɱҲὫһЩͲʶ˵ϴֶôˣںܶ಻˵𲻵κεãԣҲֻסϿأֻԼļƻһɹǾ̽Ӹ
أҲ֪Ѵ㶼ôˣӣӳʲôĻҲûȥˡҿɣļսͨˣƾǿؼǶԷ˵ģɵָ㣬Ȱ㽫ӸȻɡ
һ⻰Ͽطǳ˵ǾͶлˣԹȥֻҪȳҶӣԺʲô¶ӷķԸ
ȲҪȻ鶼ѾˣǹƲ׸ѹңӵΪˣΪ׵Ӧúûʲôѱ䵽ĻƼҸﶼɵӣȻ֪ؼ壬Ǿһġ
˼ǣ
ԣԷ֮ץסһ֮⣬ҪĿģ뽫Ǹǿؼ飬ƼǱ֪ˣȴ֪ǵݣԣԷĿľͺˡ
Ȼ֪ԷεĿģ
Ͽز˵ȻԷĿĲԼӵϣǺԾԼĶӣǰԼؼЩָ֪˶ԷʲôɳĸȥԼĶӵĻԼĶӾ׶༪ˣ
Ҳö룬ȻҴӦ飬ǾȻ쵽ڻһ£ȾӸҪҲ˵ˣȻҲûʲôΣˡ
ʾҸô
վ˵ƼǱߣҲѾд˹ȥҲ˵ڵƼңһտӣĸҲܴƼңԣֻҪƵ㾭ϼһץסѵӻز𡣡
ѽһζȥԼĶӣǻ治֪ôĽ˵ԷԼܾˣ鷳ˣ
ƼǱ߿˵ĶûУһƵ㾭Ҳɲ˱飬ֻҪԼȥƼңƵ㾭ץ˵ԼĶӻû£ǶҲҶѽ
ܵھȥƼҡ
ΪԷһ˸һȥɣϾǻܿ϶᲻ƼңƼǱ߻һƾЩȥҲǸϴһ
ѽȻ治֪ؼ壬᲻ҵôġ
ס㣬ʸϹϵ֮㣬Ϊʮǰй½ط飬ǴΣȷķǳãûɹٴй˺ܶԽʬ塣
˵Щʬ壬м㵽ڶڽоǲѾɹˣ
ֵһ䣬˵Щ㲻Ҫ֪ͿˡȥƵ㾭ץ
ǣϾȥ
ؼ֮һô֮£ӷ罫һ֧ճһ̶˵ϣ˫ۣſؼһڣϣ¶֮ɫ
ϣȻǡʮǰؼйµУҲʱҪˡҼλ˾˵ĳǹôսʿĳҲʱˣЩ˻ϣĻҳӷ֣͵д
Ӱһӷ粢ûд뿪ؼ壬ȻѾ֪ϣļƻڿؼеģˣ̫ϧˡ
һջɣӷǴؼ̽̽ǵĵϸģû뵽Ͽظ֮ĶԻ
ʮǰйʬ壬мѾɹˣǼʲôˣӷڵǸӣòǡĻһΣԼҪЩһɱңҪһԼ飡


1035 Լңӷ
ӷϢǱ˿ؼĵңҲǸоطڵϢĵطͬڣӦкüִڡ
Ȼ̽ӿؼ壬ʮǰйִеļƻǳӷȻҪȰǵĻʮǰǵΪʲôйطѪġ
·ϣôʬ̼ȫˣϸղϿظǸֵĶԻӷѾԿ϶Щ˵ʬ壬ȫ˵˿ؼ壬ʮʱ䣬ļƻδɹӣеʬ壬Ѿʧˡ
ôֻҪҵһǻ֮ģӷҲҪ뾡һа취о˴عȥڰ˱ɽõо˶ΪԼĹ硣οЩʬУԼ˾ˡ
ϣؼ壬ѪծɲձϾµѪծѽˣǾΪԼ
ӷ֮ǰѾӦӢۣôһҪǽӷҪ飬ΪԼһƬĽ֮⣬ǷĸϣЩһܹסֵܵסԼı
һƬڰͨ˽·Ҳ˵ҵǸʲôʵҵˡ
ƾŹ˵츳ӷڰеһУΪ˲˷֣ӷ粻ɢһ˿Ϣ
֣ңΪѾ۷徳硣
Ǿûδǵ˵һ۷徳ĸ־Ѿѵˣû뵽Ȼ˸ڿؼ壬ɼǵļƻ˵Ӧ÷ǳҪҲﻮʮ֮á
ﵽ۷徳ĸ֮⣬ӷ绹оϢǲߣҲħߣԴߵǰȴӵһϢ֪ĴڣӦ塣
ССĵңȻô಻ͬĸִڣļƻʲô
ӷǰȥھһ֮˵ôļƻȻҸˣǾڻ޷ֱ٣ҲҪɱһ֣ΪʮǰһϢ
ؼĵҷǳֺķն㣬ӷʮӣŵһȽرյǰ֮ǰоϢ֮
ѾȵĲͷˣʮʱ䣬ǾȻֻͳô˳ٲӽĻƵǲٸǻˣ
һ˵õ
ӷٶİ˸ҵԣȻҲС
˵ӷ籾ֱӳȥģ侲֮˵ĶԻܲʲô
Ѿʮˣ⡮ƻδɹһ룬ٶ˵Ҫڽ֮ƻǲ̫ˡ׵£ҿǱҪΪ֮·ˡ׵µ˵ʲô㣬޷ɼƻĻǼֻ·һ
ʥôģ
ʥһŮˣҲΨһһŮˡ
ֻ̫࣬ǴѹȻʮ궼ˣҲڽһ֮ڻᷢʲô¡Ҳ漣ء
еտ˵˵һ֮ᷢʲô£޷ȥԤƣ£ͽһ¡
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׵ʵ֪Ǻη˼٣
顣
ͻأǱըƵģһ죬ը˿
һҳǾþòɢ׵˫ȫ棬ԷȻ׾ٵ˵أκ˷֣Ȼ򵥣Էǹ⽫ϢɢĻԼҲǾԸоġǣԼ˶Ѿ쵽۷徳ˣҲһĸ֣ڶԷǰͬĺͯ㣬ԷԲԼ˷֪Լ˵һôľ磬Ȼ޼ɵܹ֤ԷʵԶԶԼ֮ϡ
ӷûԼ죬ȫҪ˵ǵΪδ۷徳磬ǵˣǱǸͻ磬𾳽磬ӷҲͬġ
ʲôˣ
׵д󾪣Էͷųƣǰδģĵû˵ѽҲ̫˼˰ɣϣȻ˵˳̶ȣƸһųѹƵԼһҲˣ
ӷӰҳгֳ׵ҲѾĿ˶Էò⣬ȻǸйˡ
㣬㵽ʲôˣʥʵ
ӷ翴ŴˣһڳӷǰͬϰСԼҪɱǵĻǾ̧֮䣬ɱҲǾԵ飬ӷ粢Ͼʮǰ飬Լλ˾˵ʬڣûˣӷҪʸףҲӢȰġ
˭ҪҪǣ˭
ӷһ䷴ʣöԷףӣҪùˣһĵù˸֣ǿߣôԼ˸ˣôҵģ⣬⣿
ΪйˣȻ˵ĳһӣӦҲˡ
ΪԷ˵пģ񣬻ǶǱߵģܶɶԷ˵ôãɼԼĲǴġ
ɼȻԷǶôģ֮ǿ󣬹ƾĳĳҲѽ
شҵ⣬ǵĻشĻȫʬǵ³ͲҪҶ˵ˣӦĵ
ˣұֵܵסġҪ¶˵Ļ͵ϣΪУĽǸҪ𣿡
ʥ䣬ӷһǿʱȫգۼ䣬ʥȫǡӷɭı飬Ѿʥ̡
׵ʥһҽûеĵ˵ϣ˫ķǳеϢѾʧΪʥеɱ֪Էʵ㻹˵ⲻʲô
֪ʲôʣһشǣ
ϣνĸ֣ҲˡУӣҪϣҲʲô¡
׵һ⻰뵽ʲôʵҪѵǡ
Լңӷ硣
û˵Լǳң˵ԼңǸһһװ׵ľ棬ԼңѰˣʮǰǱծҲûˣ
׵¸տ˶ɫ࣬ӷ磬۵Ķӣҵļ̳ˣû뵽ôˣ
ǳӣ
ٰ
ǵѾߵͷˡ丸ӣʵˣȻ鴫


1036 ɥʬ
׵¶֮ǰһ˿ϣԷôǿڵõҪ֪ҲܷŹԼˣʥԼȡ
ڣһԷȻǳӷ磬׵¶˶ԼѾκϣˣȻӷҵǾ˵йԼǱߣѾ֪ʮǰ飬鲻֮ɣĲǱˣǳӷ磡
һȻˣֺαض˵ʲôӷԼеǿĶ࣬ѾԼҲ׸˶ϣҲԲܽԼܸй©óӷץסᣬԼһ
Ȼ׵¶˵ӷԼҲûôףӷѾԼ֪ķΧϣǱѾϢλѾ½ǵĿҲǳӷ磬Լ˳ӷ֣֮λҲԼ˱ġ
ӷ磬֪ģӦʮǰɣҸ㣬֮ϣ׵ĽǸѹסҲǵĿ֪κйܡ
׵»ǻȥˣһϺݺһͲȳӷֹǱѾѪ
顣
ӷһų׵ȥһȻԼҧԾһףҲܸȫʬ
һŵֱ֮ӽ׵¸ߵǽϣ壬һը㣬һը˿³ɱʥҪҶˡ
Ȼûֹ㡣Ҳһ֣˾ĻѿġԼҸϣǳƺҲǰûԣ͸ʹɡ
Աߵĵտ˱һĻŵɫ࣬رǳӷǳڵĻ˼ѾһˣȴȫʬҲ˼ңһžͽ߱ˣ㻹˵ûԣѵֶξͽ
ڳӷȻǺ޲ȫʬԼϾǸĻ𣬺ܶʱܶʱҪԼһڣ²飬ϻҪµġ
ڻڣ֪˳ӷķһֱε޳ܵ˼ˣûô޳ܵģȶ飬Լʥˣʵй޳ѽΪ
ˣأҲϰɣ
ӷһЦտˣһֻǹر治֪ǲĸĸʱʲôŭʲôˣѵһĸ͵˽һģ֪º󣬲Żȡһ֣
տĿųӷ磬ͻһЦ˵ɱҰɣ֣ҪЩûʵԼ
ûʵɣô˵Ǻαˣ
ѵǳҵˣα𣿱үүԶɽֻҪǮʲôҪһУֺγΪȨơ㸸׳۱˲ҪɽһɱǶٸ֣һ£ѵǳһα𡣡
ѽҳݲİɳӡҳӷߣݳκεӲݣһˣҾͻþһֶνЩӲȫɾ鲻̫㣬˵αҾ͸αһ㿴šɣȥӣ˵ҳӷ磬ģҲס˵
ӷ粻տˣתߵһǰŵģӦþʮоɹˣӷ绹뿴Щˣ׶ʲôУ᲻Լй档
տӷ治ɱԼʱٲܣɵˡ
ڵտ˸ܵſڣͻȻֻоԼ£ȼһ棬õտ˴֮ڣȥϨɲô𲻵κεãԽԽ󣬴ֱյȻ鲼ȫ
ӷ磬㡭
ҲѾ˵𣬼Ȼ˵αҾ͸αһ㡣ᣬѾ㣬ȴ֪֪գֲҡ
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ŵտ˵ȫ˲ΪУտ˲ԴߣϾޣӷҲԲƵҩģϳӷѾƷˣǰЩʩչȻǿ
ûŹκһˣ㲻ˣҲŹӷһŽһ߿ȴһСʯݣڣʮˣЩһӦþоĽᾧˣǵӣȫϣ񻰹еĳ񣬵ȴڳ˯У޷ѡ
ӷ翴һЩֵļһǵӵŵȴҲóӷ뵽ӦòʵңǾʮʱ䣬ܾоôѽң֮СӣطֻΪ˶Ŀġ
ڣЩУûһйˣҲóӷ΢˿һй˵Ļǳӷ绹治֪ôֱˣǴйȥΪҪǣԼ˾˵ʬ壬ҲǸˣ˵Ѿ˱ˣҪӷȥʵ̫˵㣡Щ˸һ嶼ûУȻˣǺβֱӽЩ˷ųȥÿؼҲһЩ˵ζ
뵽⣬ӷ罫еȫϣͬʱʮˣȫ۾һצӣȫʧȥԣеģԡ
ȥɣȥѶӳԱɣжپͳԶ٣ǧҪҿ
龰óӷ뵽һ绰ɥʬؼЩһͺúܰɣ


1037 
үıڣ׸ߵİһֻǻӢȴǻĴʹж󣬶ڸǲסѪð
վ׸ߵİǰϲκεı飬μӵĴ̵׸ߵİ˾ŵ˺ۣʹȻû׸ߵİ˽гòϣһͻ湻Եġ
үһĻһĻıߣѾʧ˻꣬Ϊؼļ̳ˣɱɱˣǰԼɱˣʱ˸ɱɽ죬Լ˲Ǳˣɱˣһ㻹ֵضûУλؼļ̳᲻η壬᲻ţ˶㶵վ׸ߵİһ仰˵
ЩνĹӸŮҲȫŵɫ࣬˭ҲҶ˵һ仰һ֣¾еѴ̵һ̾ͻ̽Լš
ֻҪڣүһͷ
ԼסԼôȥˡ
һ仰˵ĺáʵװǽţƣЩûʵװƣǾɵơûн׸ߵİ˷ӲὫ˵Ļ붯ֽһʱڶ¥ӤҰ˵Щһ
̵˵ͷĴֶ̿ͣеƤ񣬿ӣǲЩһôˣҲûǾȥú˼Ѿˡ
⣬ʮٿͷĲϿأһϿµŮͷϼһһ³ͼƼҵˣ⻹ʮϵĳű߿ӳĲԼؼƼҵ
ƼҸؼԣͷϼһ˫ƼɨһۣĿ̵ͣϣ˵ƴС㶼ˣӣƼңҪǿؼ峹׷ˣ
˵Ѿˡ
ƴС㣬ȻǶͷƼҽΪǲ̫ˡүûƴСɣƴСΪʲôҪץҼүɱǿؼˣ
⻰ʵĺ֣ȴϼһ˵ʲôϻһӣƼ̽ؼΧ
ȻƴС棬ǿؼֻ÷ˡ
ؼȫγǹͬʱƼҵҲӳϽһĳǹڵ֮ײϳģйڵȣߵĺڵҪ࣬ҲŸ֮ҲйϵɣйǱߵĺڵôηߵĺڵȴûһԲϣǾһ͵ǹս͵Ļƴ
ȻĳϣԳӷҲܶΣȴʱضģӷûƺһ֮ǰԲᶯ֣ȡԼס
ӷ磬˽ˣһΣӷûȥ˼ԼƼߵˣ˵жжҲ̣ӷ߲ʲôκεĽˣҲûκεĺ֮ǡ
˵ƴСйһʱ䣬û´ĻƴСйǶʱ䣬Ӧڸ̸ɡȻƴСѾˣ˵ƼҸ֮ѾĳЩЭ飬ڶļսѾ˻ʢ٣ҿؼΪڵİô˵ҲҪһµ֮꣬붫Ѻɡ
ϼһﻹ£ȴ֪ƼңѾһˡ
ϲģĹƨ

һӰӿؼĺ˹ͷתһͼһйֳ꣬սѾԼǰʮ֮һ֣ѾɵԼ¡
ͷûнɱ·ϣʵλйСӣǷ񶫰ѣ
Сеʶס
ףﶾõ
ҶѾûʲôˣھ
˵йӢ治ᡣ
ͷǸйˣҲѾµ˶ԷݣԲй֮Իģȴû뵽ľȻǶս֮һ
ȻϴˣǶپӦҲڸɣ
״ЦһԼͦûӵģйɱʢ٣Ȼ˳ԼһϴԼ֮ǰûġӣپͷ󺣣ԼͷҲһѽ
پ㣬ѾĻ
״һͼپԱ߻߳һҲżеսĻš
ͷѾսѾеˣϾֶжŵģܶ鶼ƴɱ԰ɱֶڽһЩ飬һƴɱʱǾһԵĴս
ǰʱ䣬֮ǳսѾ䶯ȫڵ˭֪ڣλصľɱ¼ҵĺڵ罫Ϊ˵̸𶫰ڵһսʱѪѽ
ô
پֵͬʱһܳ߳˹
ӳЦ̫˰ɣ·һǵġ

һǶԼӣپҲ˵ϾʵԼ֮ǰԼҲǺġ
˵ôϻˣɱһ˵
죬ɱ˵ġ
پ˺һۣ˵Ƚȥɡ
һ˷ܣӷҪģϲ顣
վס
ǿؼͷǰһû˵һѾ˿ؼǰ
ĸҪ˭Ҷ˭
ʱ˵ˡ
ôöû֡ףپ£Щһ
پǣƴС㡣
ҲѽȻҪ֣Ҳֻˡ
ƴС㣬˼ǡ
Ҫ˵ôϻҽйѵǿϷǾǱһύǹˡ
׿ҡͷ˵ЩһˣǻƴС񫣬ǵĸ


1038 ֶԵ
ԴӳΪߺ󣬻Ǽδ˶֣ôõĻᣬ
ʱѵΪҲѾһĽչҪǰЩûκεѶȡ
΢΢һԭصĻѣһӰѾ˿ؼǰԭص壬ȴڻʧһӰһϵĻӰ̼ƶ壬ٶȣȴǺܿ죬ͨ˵۶ԿѵƶٶȣƫƫٶȣĿؼ´󾪣һȫ˺
Ѳôһ˵ĻᣬӰٴһȻ漣ƵЩһҲ˵ֱӽؼ·סˣǸһ˵ضûС
̵ֹһϳԴ
ӷ罫Сѡ
ʵѳΪߺѧĹ֮࣬⣬ӷûĹҲ֪ʲôΪãϾӷЩͲʺϻѧֻǿԼǻƼҵЩȭƽ﹤ʱս飬ԼܽһȫµȭҲǻԴİɡ
ȭӰԻѵϷһ̸ղһ̿ɲͬղ˶ܿѵƶٶȣڣȴû˿ĵѳȭٶȣһȭȭӰɰǧĿؼĿռ䶼ûУ·ˣȫѵȭӰΧסƵġ
ѵһ·ȭǱȽϾһȭκεÿռ䣬ϻǷȱģһȭȭЩͨ˵ϣĲλ֮⣬޷ԷвǽЩһȫڵأܿ죬Ѵڵȫվ
ؼͷѳ֮죬ԼЩ˿ǵֵסģҪӲƴĻմô
λСҲǶˣ
ͷվŻʵ
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Լղŵһȭͨ˵ĻǾԲվģɼȻͷվǾ˵򵥡
ҲǶˣȴǿؼĵˡ
ͷòйʣȴһڷǳӢش
ȻǶˣλСΪʲôҪ¡ҿΪǺܸߣò׳Ϊһߣˣ񲻿ϧ
һۿߣһ֤˻ѵ۹⡣
ӣӦǸħ߰ɣ
ڻ֪ԴߵĴ֮ǰЩ߸ħƣҲ߸ħΪǿ
Էһħߣڿؼڣħ𣬾ûУ˵ʲôϼһͲǿؼˣϣĸ֡
ͷϴЦݣûԵʱֳ嶯ţƺòӣһ˫ϵ˫ڻѵȫ´һ£ʵûĻλСӦйƼҵ˰ɣ
ò˵ͷĻûеԾԼѾˣԼƼйֻǸӵžĹˣ˵ԼݸͲôױ˸ϳѽԼҲûʩչƼҵľѧҲͲҪԼƼҾѧˣͷôԼݵģ
¶룬ǱȴȻһ뵽ʲôƵģڻԵϼһԲǻһ˿Եֵסġ
νն졣
ͻأͷϷǰһѺڹⳤѳһǿͷȥ
ͷɫ΢΢һ䣬̧ͷһ̳ԱһɫſؼһֻһĲҽУһĿؼ̵һ֮¡
Լգۼ䱻̸ɱˣͷȴû˿ķϣŻص̣ȻһЦնνƴС㣬û뵽ȥһйȻҲΪߡ֮ǰһûѽ
ûȥͷ˵ħߣһ֮Ƕġ֣ϼҡ
ѵ˵ͷ߶սһħߣɼͷԶԶ̸֮ϣҪ֣һսеյġ
پ̸Ѿͷˣʱٲж»鷳
㻹ʲôϰվ¡
һ˷ܣ˵ȥһﴦͽȥˬһ
һЦûκ֮£ֱӽ˱
һͼ׸ߵİˣڻڿүĴ̵ҲѾûˣڵȣźû뵽̸Ѿؼ˶ˡ
Ҳã٣涯֣棬Ͳ˴ˡ
˧磬¾ͽˣȳȥɡ
˵ͷСɫһԣҪԼˣǶĵһĻҲȥ
ǵĽȫ
һ仰Զ¥ӤҰ˵ФСȥ滹еҪ


1039 תսƼ
ӤҰФ߳˱һͼһˣң̸ˣһͷ
ФڵĵһӦö˵ʲôֱܵһ˳ȴû֣Լڵĵطкܶ˵ʬ塣
ǰФһֱεĿǰ̸ѵӣԵӦһǳΣյФǿסŻĳ嶯ҪȥǱߣȴӤҰֹסˡ
ФС㣬ǱߺΣգ㲻ܹȥ
ǡ
õģᴦġ
ӤҰʹһɫ˼˵Ф̸Ǳȥһѡ
ܿӤҰ˼ӤҰΪ̸֮ϣȻĳͷԶʤ̸ѣƾĻһմκα˵ģټһپףҲ𲻵̫á
Ϊ˲̸ܵ˺ֻǰȥæ
ʵһѾ˳ӷļ֮⣬ӷԼҲ벻̸ѾȻиؼ˶
λС㣬ǻĶ֣ǡ
ҲʱҲ˲ĸ̸ˣܵ˺Լ治֪ôӷ罻
ŶһСӵȷ֮ϡ㣬ǲǶˣ
£ӰӾͽ̡
䣬̶֣Ѵ̵ͬʱٶ֮죬ͷľһٶȣԼҲһܰ쵽ѽ
йŴ̿ͣ
ͷǿؼˣΪϣĸ֣ȫЩĴһס
Ѵ̵ӰɣйŴ̿ˡ
ͷִ֪̿ͣȵĹǾǿģΪڰ֮еǣ;ܲ𳤾õսǳΪߣҲְֻɱ˵оҪõսϡ
ͷһЦȻ춼ѾˣǾ͸ɴһ㣬ҲʲôʲôƼˣȽǰ⼸йȫ˵
ͷҪ֣ȴڱ֮ڣүĲҽǲҽĻѽͷǷȳүģȻӵǾһҪ쵽ڵĻܵˣȾ˿ү˵
ͷǰһ˵ô̲סˣҿ㻹ȹһԼߣؼǱߵɡ
Сӣʲô˼
ͷ벻ѵүֻǸն𣬶ԷĿ꣬ǿؼ壿
ȻͷȻǴģҲ߳ǰӵӷĵ绰˵ؼǱѾˣߵ޷ֻ˵ǵֵסĸֵĻǾҪؼǱߵ߶Է
ͷóֻ绰
绰һͨͷûԷӦ˶ԷǱߴͬĲҽңһԼϤ෢ģҰ޷ġ
ãѵڿؼʵұˣ
ͷ¿ǻˣȻؼǱߵʵǼٵģŵıҲ࣬ҲԼ˼ʮʱоĲֳɹʲô⣬ǱǲŹԼġ
ѵ׵ˣ
ͷ˫ۺݺݵĵǼ˵ҷŹǣ»ûꡣ
Ļܵ˿үЩΪҪģڼȻѾ˳˵ڿؼʵҵһ£ڿؼ壬Ŀǰֻһˣͷܿ϶Էһ֮ܽʮ˸Ʒǽ˷ųļһֽһôá
Ҫߡ
ҪͷȻѾؼֵˣڱڵĿүҲܣǾͱ뽫ؼȫһҲܷŹ
ֹס̣˵ĸˣϻƼҡ
ؼңҼҷʲô£
ؼΪ˰ٷ֮ٵĽСӾߣ㡣һߣڶǡ
үүΣգ
ţؼѾɳ˸ǰƼң˵ƼǱ佣򣬵ǲ֪ؼȥƼҵĶЩʲôˣ佣֮ϵĻүӾͻΣˡ
ǻʲôˣϻȥ
ںӷˣôһ㣬ߵȶԼƼǱߣԼүүɾΣˡ
ûȥܱˣ̸Ƽҵ̷ء
ƼҿڣүҮһںȲ裬Աߵ佣뿪󣬾һֱڱĿһ仰Ҳû˵
Ƶ㾭϶
ͻȻӰƼңƼ֮⣬ѾʮƼҵĳԱˣЩԱȫƼҵġ
ҮȻγǹΪԷٶ̫죬ҮͿԷʲôطǹҲҿ
үӲûҮǱ߾ţڵϣĺŲ衣
ϣ˳үǰһֳǲ棬һǴ˵ڣɢǿһɫĹ
ħߣΪף࣬ƣϣ죬ڣ̣ȡϣĹɫģɼǵΪֻһҪ۷徳ˣ˵佣ͬһ


1040 Ը
̼ħߣ佣ͬɽϲû¶˿η֮⣬Ϊʮǵ佣ӲὫ̼ħ߷һһ֮޷ֵס٣ܱ֤үӵİȫҲΪʲôΨ佣ƼҵԭһˣүѾɱˡ
ڿؼǷֻΪƼѾûˣپˣһȥǱߣҲᣬȽүӳһƼ߾һֻϺ꣬ⲻôµСѾͷƸ֮Ҳһðìܵġ
Ƿ벻ƼҸ֮Ĺϵɲô򵥣ûүڣһ仰ҲԵǰǸʱҲǿؼ֮ա
ڣ֮ʲôûΪ֪ӷˣ֮һɺϣǿүФ⣬ǾͲ֮鷢ӷҲԽᣬȽڿؼеָȫԴ֣ĸ֣ǵԵϾڵѾҲԲȥηһƼҸһйĶġ
үһ裬ûȥǰɱԼ֡Үǹȴûһ㶯
ܣҮ֪Լͨǹ޷Էκε˺һԼ֣ǹƵһľ֪
佣ȴȻʵ⼸Сʱ佣ѾҮе㲻ѰԸղҮҪȥֱ̣үӸס֮󣬶ֵͷ佣ѾɱġһҲΪ˶Ըؼ壬һؼ汻ˣƼҾĺڵֵҪҲǲܵ飬ԣڣҮѾû֮ǰƼңؼĴ㣬ΪҮ俴ڵƼҸԼвǿؼ壬ѾΪˣ
ҮѾȥԣڸͲȥںԼڵתǹͷүӸˣڿؼ赲֮£佣ҲԼԼԿȫˡ
ҮҲģһԼ淴ɱүӣǳӷ絽ʱֻôԸԼȷڳҵ˵һѾѶԸˣҲһ޴ķ粨
Ү䲻ðգһˣǾ޷ˣ
ЩҮ˵ֻԼ룬ȴûϵʵ佣ѾЩʲôȻӷȻɵΪҮԼΪ֮ǰھսʱƶҲ֣ڳӷʱҮ壬ҲûʲôüֵˣǰƼ˿ؼôõʱ䣬ѾˣҪȥκ֮飬ҲǶ£Үպı°빦ɳӷ粢ûΪʲôΪƶĹϵҮʱתǹڵĻ佣ҲԲںҮȸնɱ
ĸɫѾȫǸԵϣ˵Ѿʼ仯ɫĵΧǵֻ֣Ҳ̼ࡣ
佣ȫɢһѳУֱָĸ֣˵ؼûд˵ȸ֣û´Ļλһǰؼǹɣ
֪ʣ佣磬Ϊһʱ䣬Ƽҵϻ佣ҲԲм
Ҫһ֮Է̼ħߣ佣ܱסүӣܱ֤飬һƼҶǸˣЦִˡڵģʲôΪҪӣӶˣˣʣʲôԷûչʽĴսǰϣѾһ룡
㲻Ҫ֪˭ģÿǽĿֻƵ㾭һˡ
ߺߣû뵽ϣĸ֣Ҳͷڹˡ
̼ôҲ벻佣Ȼ֪Լ˵ݣһھ͸˳⻹ǳǵѽ
֪ǵݣǿؼ顭
ö룬ȻǶɵġ
ãܺãʮĳɹȻڶ̶̼֮ڣͱ֮һǶǺġ
˵ϻɱүӣǱ뾭Ǿͬ⣬Ǿûͷ֮ǰ˭Ҳ붯үһͷ
йСӣ뱣Ƶ㾭ǾҪûǸˡ
佣ѾϲˣʱԼǰֵĻһöԷռȻǵһģүӡ
ԣȻΪҪеʱ˭¶֣ͻ¶ȴ˫սʱ̡ƼҵͲ˭ȶ־¶ˣ˭ȶ־ȰסȻ٣öԷɱֲ
佣ǳԵ̳ģҲʲôûѧɱ˵ֶΣϣϵڶ˭ָϵһǳӷ磬ɱ˵ֶϣһ롣
佣սһɣ˻Ϊһ⣬ڿתȦ̼ħ߲֪佣ҪʲôģҲֻһס佣һ佣ɲСʲô֣ˣС
һ̼ħѾǰһ佣ǰ붯ʱϣ佣ǰյĳȻҲڿתһȦһ̼ħ˹ȥ
ҪһжʵԼµĸ֣һζĶסһˣǵڶ˾Լˣ佣Բ᷸Ĵ
áСġ
佣ǰħһ佣Ȼôһ̺
һħһϾ۷徳ĸ֣Լʵͬĸ֣ͻȻӱϮӦȻҪһ֡
ôħ߶еģǾǿտˡ
ӰȻԱһϮħ߿ٵ˿ǰѳһǽ֮ϡ
佣ᣬƶүǰһץסүӣ˵ز˾ߡ
үȴ˦佣֣˵ҶˣϣƼҾѾһңߡ
佣һµүӻҪסүӵͱҪ뿪ƼңϾĿռʵ̫СˣҪԿħߣҪסүӲܵ˺ʵ̫һ㡣
ڣʱƼ֮һȺˣͷģ̡
Ǽʱϻ佣¶˶˱үӣԼҲԷһսˡ
ĸǱүӣһˡ
̸ѵһʱ嵽үǰ
үүû°ɣ
ǻáùˣȥæɡ
үүģ佣Ӧġ
֪佣ΪԼ֮ϣԸˣԼЩˣ˭Ըĸԡ
û뵽ǻ֮죬ӣһڰָǣ
ٷϻȻˣǾͰ°ɡ
ƾЩСɫҲǵǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
پһͳ˵ħ˹ȥپڻûΪߣһκεá
Сӣ

佣پƿһӳԷĹȫƽˡ
йߣȻ˵áǽǿЩЩħֶθߡ
佣Цһδ佣ڣ˵Ը


1041 
һʱǿҵĿ̼仯Ϊһɢ磬ڴ˽
̵ȫ߶վƼҵĳԱҲоһǿѹǿѹ֮ʹˣ޷ȥԼ壬Լ类ưƵģһҲˣ
ħ߱ǿһ亹ֻһͿԽ۷֮ˣǵĿУ۷ϵĸ֮⣬Ͳ˴ǿڲǳˣ۷Щ֮ϣ٣ԼλҪǿࡣ
ħ߼ֱɵۣǲԼĸоԼ۾ģһԽʮҵĶ꣬˽ղǾ䡰ԸɾǴ˶˵ڵġ
ӷĳ֣Ǽ⣬ӷӵŶǼ䲻ǺȻܶɹǿľž٣һٽѵɼӷڵѾǵ
ƼҵЩԱڵһۼӷʱš
ԭƼҳԱλ߸ϵĳӣӦһ˽ǮȨ֮⣬һ֮ˣڣӷɢƼҵгԱȫɵۣƴСδôʱ֣ڿǺΣյģʲôԼо־־ĸоλɢ
ӷһûֱȥݷÿؼ壬ûֱȥӹţǾͺԲ̫ı¶ݣȻӷڳˣǿƵĳ֣ɼӷ粢ŹħߡƼҵĳԱƼҵģȻ˵ЩƼұ֮ˣҲû߳ƼҰ벽
ħ߿ųӷ߽·ͽԼ˵ϰ㣬˿ûзϡ
ħ߲֪ԷݸʱͻȻһдӳӷһħͲħκεķӦҲûᷴӦˣѾʺ
ħߵһ̶ţȻ鷢⵽ô£ԼôģԷôֶ֪ǰѾʧȥеֱһ˵ϡ
һħߵ֮󣬳ӷɢʱʧΣǴδֹƵģˣҲȫӦ˹ÿһ˵壬߶
Լͬ鵹ˣΪǵĸ˵Ҫĵһ£Ϊͬ鱨ҲǺġ
ǣħڳȥ֮⣬Ͳǰһ벽ңѾʶ˶Է̼ͽԼͬɱˣԷҪɱԼҲ׾֮£ԣħ߲ɵ
ۿɱƵ㾭ˣһ佣ֵһ֮ҲǾԵвԼ˵ģȴϣ仯Ҳ̫˵㣬Ƽҵʱϻֳ֮һ˿µļһѵԼ˽첻ɱ˵𣬶ɱģ
ʲôˣ
ħ˫Ŀųӷ磬òһʣҪҲĲѽ
ӷҲûħǰʲôΪһˣǲὫԼй¶ȥġ
ǿؼ壬ϣһֱڹעôҳǰȻ˭֪ѵʱĹעȻҵһ϶鲻
ӷʵȻǷϻԷܲ鵽ԼݵĻԼյʱѾ¶ˡ
ʵй죬ӷݣ;Բ˲ĵǸʱԶɽΪӵݲй¶ȥԼӴвѾг۽ӵϸԳҵ˵˵ûõҵ֮ͬǰܲ鵽ӷκϵġ
ʱҷӷһϣΪʱĳӷ绹ǿ󣬿ɵ̫࣬Ϊֹһеֻⷢˡ
ڣӷѾ𾳽磬ΪԴߣʵȵǱΪĹϵҲûʱȥܳӷˣϷһ£ȻҲˡ
ӷ翴ħߣɵһЦЩһʵ̫ԼʧˣһڹעԼԼǴвڣ鲻Լκεϣʧѽ
㣬ѵǡǸصľ
µûҲǺܱ
ƼҵˣħȻ֪ǱɼȻԷǶλصľԼͻһ˿ϣڲ֪Ƽǲϵ֮£ħ˵Ƽֻ֮ϵĺϵƼģһССĿؼ壬ϣˡһֽ𶫰ڣǼʶȻǷǷģֺαΪһƼңΪأԸһôûС
ӷЦȻ֪ڣãһὫϣ𣿡
֮Ҳӵʱйһ仰˵ĺãһˣһѡƼ֮䣬˭ǿ˭ȫ綼֪飬һƼңûʸȡԸƼҵĻҿԱ֤£ƽ֡

ֹӷһЦ̸ǼҲȫЦ˳һЦħûˣ
ֻ֪еһСɫܴӦκ飬ǵǷǳʶµģֻҪԸǽĳɾͣһڸߡ
ӷҡҡͷ˵ϣȥ˵в˵Щֻ֪ҵһݰˣ֪ҵһݣͻΪղ˵Ļеڡ
һݣ
ûҽˡˣӣ硣
֣ĴħߵĶУ֣ħǴ۾ǲš
㣬˵˭㣬ǳӷ磿
ûҳӷ磬ͬʱҲԼҳӷ硣
ⲻܣ㲻Ƕͷô֡
ħ߻Ȼ򣬲ɵΪԼ֮ǰ˵ĻеЦ
עôãһֱ鲻İϣΪ̫Ǹ̫ص̫õĹϵȴ벻ľҵļ̳ˣȻͬһˡ
֪Ҳ̫Ȼ㻹뿪ĻǹƲһСʱҵݣȫ¶ȥҲһдۣ鷳ܿϧڻ̫鷳Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼҾͲϲ鷳ˣȥұ˵鷳ԣͰϢɡ
ৡ
һлֱħߵĲӣͷѾ뿪壬ڵϹš
̸ͬʱ۾ӷʲôʱϲ˵ԴˣЩһԴˬѽ֪ļһǻã


1042 Ե
ƼҵĳԱۼʶλ̼ɱ֣ⲻòǵľ̾ͬʱҲ벻ԭλصľλ߸ϵĳӾȻͬһˡ
һңһԼңҵļ̳ˣȻڵˣܳưйڵⲻòƼҵĳԱһηӷ磬ǳҵ£ǳκѽ
Ҫ֪˿ӷݣʲôȱڴʲôɣԼʮӵˣĹӸ磬Ȼȥڵ治֪ﶼЩʲô
Ȼ뷨ƼҵĳԱ˭Ҳ˵ڣҪ˼ҿ̼ɱֵģԼͨԳӷ磬ֱϻҪϣ˼Ҷöֵģܽɵ
ߵʬǰýʬ弸£ȻתԼƼҵĳԱ˵£˭Ҳ˵ȥ򣬾ݹҲ档
˼Ѿˣ˭ҽӷ綫й¶ȥǽ·һ
ڣڳƼҳԱȫǷǳĵģǾԲƼϺˡ˵ˣгӷɽƼǰһؼ壬Ҳηˣ֮ǰؼôֶΣԼƼңѾ̨ʲôȥˣ˴⣬λǰ涥š
ӷϾ˹ˣɱ֮󣬻ҪڳǸʱӣƼҵĳԱ
˲䣬ӷת䣬ӰһѾ˿֮⡣
λС㣬Ѿ͵ܾˣǲǴһֱȥ
ڵȫ棬ֻһйŮˣӷץ˳Ů˾ȻѾѾƼѾöĳԱ
ѾѾ֮ǰͶڰ͵ûҲڵȣһƵ㾭ˣԼҲͲҪװȥˡѾѾû뵽ǣϣĸ֣Ȼȫӷɱһɱ֡
ղһĻѾѾ뷨һǼƼң䣻ڶˣָԼݡһ룬ǼƼҵĻһԼݱˣǽĺܲңߵĻƼҲһŹԼģԼǳƼҺܶ鱨ѽڽƼһϵеĲִؼ壬ƼҲᴦˣ˵Ƽǰ֮ԴڱȫΪĸֽ˿ؼ壬Ͼĸû̫֮ΪƼߵ鱨ϵıؼ֪Żıġ
ԣѾѾǿؼƼҵһӣǿؼˣǸԵס
ڱӷһѸץ˳ѾѾȻǻţȻƼԵô꣬Ȼõʣ򣬸ԵУѹͷˡ
ӣ㣬һ㣬ҿǸŮš
֪ǸŮˣ˵Ļûˡ
߳ѾѾ˵ղ飬ǲǴ취֪ͨؼ壿
С㣬ңҲ˼ѽ
ٸװˣʲôˣѵĹ𣡡
᲻֪ѾѾԵףѾ֪ˣ֮ûҴΪ֪㽫һԵ׸ˣؼǱ߻Ե׹ȻˣΪʲôԼѾ֪Ե£ҲĿؼǱ߲ͣˣ
ЩҲûץסѾѾİѱӲ֪һԼԼƼҵ鱨ؼģʲô֤ݶûе£ֱɱѾѾǱضԼƼҵԱģϾ鷢ˣ˶վǱߣ޹ʲôĲĵ⣬Ե㣡ټйһʱ䣬͸ûȥԵ׵ˣ첻ǳӷһԵ׸̻治֪ô졣
ɱˣϻƼҵˣ̶֣û֤ݵ֮Ȼ˵ȥɳӷ粻ͬλӲ³ƵĳҪɱһˣҲգ֮飬Ļȥʲô֤ݲ֤ݵģ϶Ҫˣ;ԲܻϣھλµԹԵĹȥˣܳⱻӷϣˣοһԵף
ģôţҲɱŮ˵ģ
ӷ仰˵ģǿ֮ǰڿؼ֮µˣһ˵ӷ޳ܵ˼㣬ڿؼҵǸʥŮ𣬿ɻǱӷɱˣǰҲɱŮˣѦҾһڳӷȻ˵ɱŮˣʵе̫αˣ
Ե׾ԵףӾӣܶ飬ȴ֪ģԣԳӷ˵ɱŮˣǺģԣԼҲ£Ӳ׵ı׳ʲô
ӣС㣬ʵڲ˵ʲôѽ
˵װǰɡɱŮˣҿɲһ
С㣬ҿûʲô㲻ѽƼôˣûйҲпѽʲô¶û㲻ܶôֵܻĺġ
Ե׵ĳҪзǳõ֮⣬ҪȫĵͶԼݵĽɫõĻǾͺױ¶ݣ֮⣬ΪһϸԵףǱץסˣҲҪϣڲϵͬʱҪ뾡һа취ΪԼº·סԼ˵գթȫо߱
òϣѾѾһǳõԵף鶼ѾչһѾ¶ţǸƼҵĳӷ磬ǴСƼҳ̣Ѿ֪ݣȴǴϣ
ʵΣˣһ취ûУԼʹˡ
ӷЦһԼǰˣЩֶΣðѾѾ̫˵㡣
ɣҿˣǿؼˡ
ɫһ䣬ųӷ磬ӷѾѾЦȥæɡ
ѾѾɲɵйˣ󣬵ܹ֪ģԼɽ䱸ȻץԼֳԼɲɵ
һǸֵһɣҿɲٱˣ
ѾѾ˿ڣƼҵԱȴûôһ£ƽƼҵĳԱѾѾĹϵǳãҲΪһԵģԷĳԱùϵҪ鱨ʱͺ׵ˡ
ӷ磬֪ղ͵ģ˵Ὣݸղ߿ؼǱߣΪʲô
˵ȥ˵ɡңһȥ˵
ʲô˼
ӷûлشóֻһ绰ʵôˣ
ѾſˣϾͼ
ԼǼһٽҿĵĶ
İɣѾȫˡ
һᣬƼңһļһһһĻƼҵгԱѾѾڶһ亹
һôѿүƼˣⲻٴθƼؼĴ


1043 㾡
ֻ㣬ү˽ңλүĿϣȫѪգرƨɵλر࣬Ҳڻ֮С
׵һ뵽λүϷʲô£ٿһ飬͸֤롣
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һȥ
ӷһŽߣƼһԱ˵ȥŪѡ
ƼҵĳԱһλүһϳ
ⲻǿؼСôᡭԭƺˣǿؼҪùˣ
ƼҳԱЦֻҪүԼƼһɡ
ڳһ˵ɫȴ൱ѿѾѾүԵıȽھΣٿӷʱ񣬾ʹˣ
쵰쵰磬ȻֶΣǳҵļ̳ˣ
ѾѾӷ磬ƼҵĳԱѾˮүˡ
ѹĿүڵϲͣĴ˫ֻԼƨɣʹӣԳڣδԹġ
ιСʵһ㡣
ƼһԱһŲ˿үϣʹ޷ڹȥ
ǣɱҰɣ
ɱ㣿NOڻ᲻ɱ㡣
ӷһ̶ֵָ𣿡
վķԸȫˡ֮Լϴˡ
ţɵĺãڽƵȥҪ̵ʱڣλүȫǿؼǻڵģŷҵ̳ҲһƵһȥǿؼ壬еæˡ
Ѿˣ飬ĹңҲӦÿƵеļߣȫۼ˿ؼǱߡ
ӷЦһѾѾ˵м仰Ҫ˵һ¡
ӷѾѾ߳˿ַ˻
ѾѾڵɫҪѿжѿȴ֪ӷ綼˵ʲô
ˣʹ˸һ䣬Ҹʲôȥʲôɡ
ͬʱڿؼ塣
ϿŶҳˣΧ˼ߣȫΪһСʱǰϳֵһƵġ
鷿ڣϿķŭƵ㾭Ȼ˺ӣծһҪƼʮ
Ҳվڴǰļߣ˵٣ӻţҵˣȴȫˡ
ôЩôģһɵҿؼѽһʮ֣ʮˣЩҲѾȾˣ֮£ֻ˽ȫ
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ǲϺͿˣڶԷ֮䣬û˿¾͸ôһ֣һĸȫնɱˣȥƼҵҲŻɱƼңʲô𣡡
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ԣԷˣƾǶԷĵ֣
˵ǡ
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ǡ
ȱ̫࣬ȥһӣôƼҵġоǣȫ㣬ĶȫٵЩߣ˴ߣϾʮ˵ʬ廹ڣȾҲգЩ£Բ˿й¶е󣬽Щ֪µ֣ȫɱˡ
ʲôȫɱˣǿǼʮѽ
㲻ҵ˼ȥ죬ҲֻܷǿؼˡǿؼѾ׸㽩ˣԶƼҵһصľûǿؼǿؼʱᱻ𡣡
⣬⡭
˵ôϻȻΪǿؼйڸǿĻǲȥǶԿ
ڶˣһССĿؼ壬ʲôʸȥ붫ΪУǱ߽ߣԼؼ壬ҲͿֱӴʧˣϿںΣû뵽һ֮ڣʲôԤ׶ûе֮£ԼؼʧôˣﲻΪλصľǻ㾡ѽ
Ͽӵķ䣬үڴУɱƼˣ
ӣôˡҽ
үڼٻԣϿҲ˽һԼôģԭͷԼǰȥƼҵԵãƼҵûעʱԼӸ˻
Ȼ¾ȳүҲѾ¶ˣ
ţķǳãԺͲûƼˣҴӦĺôģСͷĿɣǮ˻ϡ
лԺ»ᾡľġ
Ͽؽӵķ䣬ѾѾϵıȴǶ䣬ŷţ̾˿˵εĵˣʵ̫ǿˣһСɫʲô


1044 ·ɱ
ҹٻʢ٣ؼļѾȫˣЩ˵ʬ壬ȾĿؼĳԱҲȫճ˻ҽϿظǰշֵֵ¼ʮż˵ĳԱȫˣǿؼ˵һʾ޴ʧϿֲò
ִһϣĸ֣ǰõˡƻõоؼ壬Ҫ̵ʱڣʮǰδɵļƻƻۿѾ˳ɹƣû뵽ؼȻᷢ˱仯ʹȫɱҲò̷ϣǱߴĸֶԷԼǰ漸ʮʱɶҪ׷ˣһеһУƻ
ҹ˾ʱ򣬷ִӿؼҪڶﻹδԼ֮ǰϾôĸ֣ɵ˶ĳԷʵԶԶԼ֮ϣοֻɵӣһڿؼŶԷɱԼ
û뵽νϣȻҲֻ֪ܵĹܡ
ڷָ뿪ؼʱȴϣǰһϣԼȥ·
ֹͣŲǰʮ״ڽʧһ˫۾ٵĳΧɨţҪͷβģȻˣǾɡ
ǿǵضֱӽָѹסˡ
֪ԷķӦҲ̫˵ɣô̵ʱڣ֪˻ԼҴߣôˣԼܵĻᶼûˣ
֮һսҪɵˣ˵ģҲԼЩͬôģƾѹԼѾԼܹӦ˵ģ
µǺˣ
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Ҫ˼ˣҲû룬ˡ

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ͻһĻóӷ벻ģԷȻƽԼ˵ԷҲǸԴߣҶԷΪӦòԼ֮¡£Դߣⲻ̫ѽ
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ǿ糯ľش˹ȥľزû㣬һǿȻ֮Դ
ŭܡ

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ӷɢǿҵɱһʲôʱ˴˵ȱ£ˣ
ӷ磬Ϊϣõģһιļһٲߣҿɲһܾ㡣
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ļһԴô˵裬ԴҲӲס
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ӷ޵ֱҲѾԶԶģľľسһݣȻصȥˡ
ʣһ֣Գӷ޵޴ӣΪӷĿûȥľأ˵ġ
Ҫġɡ
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ԭ˵ӷǲҪ޵ɱСɫģΣ·ɱ˸ľظ裬ľ쵰Ҳ֪ôͳΪԴߣԼһĻľص赲֮£Ǿɱ˷ֵġ
ڣֱ£Ļᶼûˡ
ӷ磬ǲŹġ
Ǿɣ٣ɱ١ڣȥɡ


1045 ϣ
ɱ˷֣鲢û꣬ӷҪһ£ǰ·ɱľأôΪԴߵģ
Ǽһӷ粢û̫ϣ˵Ƕʴ۵ĴߣΪϾޣľǰ㣬ͻȻ֮ͳΪԴߣΪԼ֮ȣԼͬһҪ֪ԼǾ˾ž٣־һƴܽ𾳽磬ԱԴߵģľأʲôûӣôô쵽ģδҲ̫˰ɣ
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ѾԶǷѾӷɱӷԴȷǿԼΪܹȥҲ
費ɵӣʱܵӷǱȥȻľԼƻӷɱ˼ƻǽľԼȥ԰ɡ
Цһ·֮ϣԶĳӷ磬ӷƳľأЦǶܾˣҾȲˡ
ľҲ벻ӷȻһʩչԴ֮ǰǼԴԼֵסҲ͹ܲ˷ˣȻһļƻʧܣûֹӷɱ֣ǽļƻҲִвȥˣΪӷӲӲԼҲռκεıˡû뵽ӷһԴͲԼļˣѾӷӵ¸˳
ڣľҲһտӣȻܹ𾳽磬ΪԴߣֵ¶е㱾µġ
ӷ磬Ŀ꣬ɣôˡ
ľص⻰Ҫŭӷ磬СҵģѾĿ֣ûȥձ鷳ȴҵˣƻҵĺ£û㡣
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Ȼ趼µĵ飬ӷܲ²ľرû˵Ļ֮ǰΪǵôܽ𾳽硣
֪ʱòҪʣ֪ʱ㲻֪Ҳġ
ձˣ裿ٸһλᣬ˵㱳֮ˣҲһ󷢴ȱһ·³͸ղǸһһ
ӷ磬ӣҲ̫ӹ˰ɡƷľ磬ҲƷʣôɱң
ӷɫ䣬ѵһ¶׺Ŀ飬˵ľеץסӷ˼֪һʲô
֣
ΪԵĻľȻὫӷģɱϾӷ粻֪ĸ˼ǿе̬Դ͸ղűԼԴѾţˣ֪ӷ绹ôֶΡ
Ȳ棬Ҳѧ˼Դ㣬ʱ㹫ƽһս
ƽľأδҲ̫˰ɣϣʲôʱڹƽˡһᣬ·ˡ
ӷ磬Ҫ֣ѵһ㲻ɡ
Ǿͽаɡ֮硣
ǿգۼڳӷǰγɣһԽԽԽԽǿҡ
ľ˫ϴԼ۾ӷһʲôԴһ˾޴磬Ȼ˵
ӷ磬Դʲô¡־͵ƾΪһս
ɵˣãСԲɫĴһħ߳ΪԴߣٸΪľ鳤֮ء
ӷ磬㲻Ҫ̫
⻰ˣ쵽˭˭鷳ġ
ĸϻвĲԴһ죬ͬԴԷģ͸ҵŰɡ
ܣ
磬׷
ľȻжܶ죬ûԴ֮£ӷľֲͷǵɵ£Ҫ֪ԴԴΪǿĹֶΣһУǾ鷳ˣԼò׳ΪԴߣɲʲôûͱӷˣ
׷ľأȻӷ¶ҪľأٸչĻᣬǽϾͱɱ
ľڳ֮⣬ûѡˣԼҲѾƷľˣû뵽ٴζϳӷ磬ǳ˿ӣûõԴ֮ǰǲͬˣ˼ƻҲҪڰнУѧѧӷ磬ڱͰӡ
룬ΪҪģȱסҪԴߵǿͨĹ˲ˣԴȴͬһУ˭ҲȲԼ
ľزͣܣӷı粻ͣ׷λձֻľ鳤벻ԼҲôһ죬ңԼ㹻֮£ҪǱܣ
ۿҪ׷ľˣϾͿԽУؼʱ̣ͻȻһӰľǰסľصȥ·
ʱ˵Լ·ԭӦ÷ŭľأȴǼ˾ǰ㣬ֹͣ
ʱѧԴûУ
ľǰģһɫģţпϣ꣬ļ⣬׵ߣһ˶Աڣȴɢǿ
ϣһЦûлشľص⣬ǳЦ˵ľأҲ̫˰ɣոӷϾҪܡɱ˵ʶңҿɶˡ
ٷϻӷСǱ̬Դʵ֣δػ
ܾܣҽڡ
죬Ҳ̫Ǹ˰ɣΪ˾ˣһʱܳӷ𡣡
ٸԼҽڣΪҲ֪ʲô㡣ҵˣҵˣҪ𣬰ˣѵҪ𣡡
㡭
ľػûļ˵Ѿ˹
ϣĵȻת˫ͬһӡ¡һһֻޣֻ޳˳ӷı磬Ǻ¡һӷıͬʱΪУ
û׷ĳӷ籾ˣͻȻֵϣ꣬ɫٴһ䣬һԴߣʲôľĪΪԴߣôֶһЩһòͳİɣܣеͣҲô̵ʱ֮ͳԴѽû´ĻǼһӦþϣˣˣ
챾ľһǸħߣȻѾ۷ľ磬ҲôͳΪԴѽ
ԽԽˣôĴڣԽ˶ͳԴߵģԷţѽ
ӷ磬Ȳˣ죬۷սϣһսʱ۷壬Ѿ㸸׵ƶǸ۷ˣ
˵˵߾ߣ浱ҳӷˡȫ°ɡ
ӷ֣޵һȴûļӡδľظѾʧˣ
ˡ


1046 ı
ʢĳƵ귿ڣѾһʱˣСںźƣ֮ǰ飬һ㶼ȥ˼ľظӷ֮䣬ǶܾˣǶ˵͵֮ɡ
٣ǸСձֶԸӷ磬ôˣ
Цһ˵ӷʵԶҪǿǸľضû취ؼʱҲֻܵķݣ
ȻΣСձǰ׷Ѿˣ
Ҳ˵ϾǼһѾ𾳽磬ƾʵǲܰ쵽ģû´Ļıһһǿߣһһֱûиˮǿߡ
СʲôŴ˿ľص˵裬治һѽһ˶ӷ磬Լȴ֮زز
ľ鳤ԩСˡСĿǰֻһߣΪߣӷǵǿ߶֮ʱڳĻ»ɡ
ڵͦġղŵˣԺٷ£ͱҶ㲻
ľ鳤⻰˵ġ뵱ʱ㻹һҲܣҲŻڳӷֵ֮ġҪ˵ľ鳤ǷҵĲŶ԰ɡ
ûʸ˵ЩҪҪɱӷ磬øʵһ㡣
ľػ䣬ſ˵ռһļһɱˡ
ľһˣѾ𾳽磬ΪԴߣһ治֪ӷôв
迴ͻȻֵĵ죬ʵľ鳤λǣ
һ¡λϣˣ졣
ɫ䣬˵ϣ죡۷½֣
ν۷Ѿ۵Ǹ۷ˣʵϣѾһˡ
ľؿŵ죬ֿһ裬˵죬֮ҿɣ𲻵̫ã٣ҲǶʴ۵ĴߣǶٻеġ
˵ԼҪһ㣬ǧҪ顣Ŀǰ˻ʢ٣ΪƾĿǰҪӷһǳ׵飬ȴû뵽ӷԴȻ˱̬ǵԴȱٵ֮£޷ӷԡֻǸʱ⣬һʱ䣬ԴȻС
ľ˵ӷԴȷһϰûӷԴǴģ
⻹ʣȻǳҡ
Ҳɣܾãӷ̵ģǳҡӦҲ֪ԶɽԵʱӷ硣
ôȻҶѾ˻ʢ٣ǶҪӷ磬պӷɱϣǶһ޴в
֪˵ʵԼ֮ģʵһ棬ܶҪԸһǿУĲʵͷԡ
òϣͷԣľظ֮ϣһһͷԣӣķ粨Ӵ󣬽һϷӾʣ
ӷͲҪɱϣڣѾΪвʮǰй½飬ѾˮʯˣԼҪ𣬿ģֻгӷһԣӷĵһĿ꣬ϣ
쿴裬һﻹǲ򵥣ԭĺܸӵ飬˵ָˡ
ľأҵͦģϣֿԳӷ磬Ҫһ￴ǵЦ
İɣֻҪǵļƻźãѧѧӷ磬ڱͰӣͲᷢղŵˡ
˵⣬Ǳ߽ʱڻһ֣ͬؼ塣ӷĶҲͬƼңⳡؼƼҵʵϣӷĶսֻʤܰܡ
ˣζ
ľʵ۷սʲôʱʲôطУ
Ӧû֮ɣصǻʢ١ʱǣһҲֵģǵĿĸһɱӷ磬ȴóӷκһ֣֮Ƕǿûһô
֮󣬵ʱȫĸֶۼʢ٣ҲһЩһ
Ȼǡ
İµٸԵأ
Ѿӷվһ𣬵̻ǱȴһǸͲȥܣûȻһħߣ𵽶áİµҲǳӷҪɱĶǼһǸûѡУ֪˳ӷŮˣʱضӷɱҲȫӷ翪ս˵ֶһݰա
СھһͽӲϻǿ飬ԼһĻԵıȽϺЦˡ
Ҳûж룬ȻһﵲԼǰǲͳΪԼĵ𣬵ǸӷʱԼǸ̡
ٹ죬ձйһʴ˾ˣ£ҲԲóӷƻ
ձǱѾӷӴǸΪ˶ԸңӷʲôЭ顣ⳡ˾ϾǹϵձǸӦòġʱҲжֽţйӮⳡ˾Բܡ
ţҾ͵ſӷôɡ


1047 ծŮ
ӷصƼ֮һԲƻƵӣ̸پǼ֪ôһ¡
ӷ磬㲻ȥؼĸֳѵˣʵ
ûܣɱˡ
ȻˣΪʲô֮һ仰Ҳ˵Ǳʲô¶ɣߣʲôˣ
ӷ̾˿ȷȷһ֣ңһǳв
죬ӷôҲ벻Щһôô̵ʱ֮ڳΪԴߵģҪ֪Լ˾ž֮󣬾ûٳֹˣľ֮ǰҲûɹѽرľأ۷徳綼ûôٵģһȴǰٷ֮ٵԴߣ£òųӷ硣
Ȼ͵ǵľӷ绹ǵΪԼͬһϣڲ񷶦İ£˵һ磬ӷҲġ
ڵǣӷ绳ɣڵľصı󣬻Լ󲻵ǿߣǿߵĴڣŽľظԴߵġ綼ûôٶȣɼľظ챳֮ˣ绹Ҫǿһţļһܲóӷơ
Ҫǣţļһﻹڱģ˵һʼʹڣһֱţڲűӷ緢ǲ̫һ㣬ľظͻȻ֣ͻȻչֳ𾳽ʵµڣӷ綼֪ǵǿߵĴڡ
ˣ
ˣʲôˣ𣿡
һĵ죬һľءȻϴھǳֵǸ衣
ʲôľʲôʱĵһˣǸôߵһ𣿡
ͷʹĵطǻǰǣȻǡ
˶٣ӷǻ֪Դߵ飬ڽЩ¸ǣԼһƵģǸԼһˣԣӷ˼֮󣬾ȲЩ¸ǡ
ɣȷԸȥȻһؼĶƼռ˱ˣûôӦˡ
ӷ磬Ҳ̫˼ȻЩѾˣΪβὫؼҲˣһĸͶؼ壬ǻ鷳ġ
ؼ壿Ѿ̫˵㡣ĵɻؼģټһľأһһ䲻η壬ɻȴòҶ༸ѽ
ȫ˳ӷ绰еĹ˼Գӷڵʵ˵һô˼ء
ϣǲܣӷĵһĿӷӦòֹƵġ
ѵ磡
ûҲֻ磬Żóӷ˼Ҳֻ磬Żӷв
Ϊ뵽ӷĵǣǾͲҪȥˣӷҲ˳Լ뷨˵ȻǶˣǾͰҵ˼ȥɡ
̵˵ͷ̷Ըȥ
ˣ֮ǰиŮ㣬Ϊؼ飬ҽȻȥˣֻܿġ
֮ǰһ飬ӷ绹潫ǸŮ˸ˡ
˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵ͼƼҳԱС㣬
̵˵ͷ˵ɡ
Ƽҿһ۾ͼ˳ӷ硣
֮ǰΪӷƭԼģͲƼңֲܾˣǱƭҲҪΣһ˿ϣҲܷ
һԪԼС棬غߵ㱨ȥȴû뵽Ȼϳӷ磬λҵļ̳ˡ
ǣĿǰǳӷ磬֪ԷݣҲͲʲô
СӣҵˡϽԪҡ
һһĻøϷǶ׷ʲô¡
ӷҪĿе֪ǿʲôãȻǿŮҪǾ;ԲʲôͨĶ
ɣҲˣȥϢɡ
֪ӷ뵥˵ҲŮʲôͷȻӷ罫ƼҵĵַǾһгӷԭ
ǺãԼСһ㡣
оκεҲò༸ۣϾƼҸؼˮ֮Уϳӷ˵ϣĵ죬ձɽľضˣܶ飬̲òһ¡
֮̿̽پ濴һʲô飬ȽǸŮ˸ץ
ӷԱߵĵϣȼһ֧̣Դѧ̺󣬳ӷҲʱʱĵһ֧񫣬Ǻܶʱ̣ȷǿԽһЩգҲͷѵġ
λС㣬ҺûǷʲôɡҹҪǲеˡ
СӣٸһסҸ㣬Ԫ˵ǱҪҪģ㻹ҵĻҿԱ֤֮һ󲻵ĺô㲻ңǵҵѵˣڶˡ
֪ԼʹҳңڻûлȥǱһ뵽ʲôģɱϾߵⶫʢǳҵĵ̣ǱҲ׵ĽңϳԶɽΪѾ϶쾳磬治һнʢӵĻҪԿԣںǱ߻ûж֮ǰߵ㱨ȥ򣬴һֱӶһ϶쾳ǿߣǲ


1048 ðյ뷨
ӣǲҪؾԪߵģٿӷ̬ȣǿҲڲѾֵĶҪȥǾԲܵģ
ʵҲǸ֮ˣ˵ʲôԪϾһֵģνϵڱ˭񵽹˭ôһҧʲôԪء
ںգҲżԽһ죬ǺǱ߾ԽзʢӵĿܣص̫Ҳûһ֪ԭԶɽΪѾ϶ľ磬һǵ죬һһеķʢӵĻɣԿǺǻʵ۱٣ǻʵ۱µΪҲѾ϶쾳磬ҲûԶɽǱߵǿҪǻʵ۱±ܣǺɾ군ˡ˵ˣ߻֪ûʲôƣԳԶɽĿһΪ˵һնûеĻǾԲᶯֵģȻǶ֣ǳҵԶԶں֮ϣ֮ϡ
ܿűߵķôܸĴۣҪ췵ȥ
һ޳ܵ˼ĳӷ磬ʵڲ֪Ҫʲôóӷ罫ԪƵǣΪʲôԼԪһϢоԼСˣԼľ˵ҲԸоĵԪϢҲ²ԪĴλڣڣ˵ǴŵλãԪָоûУ
㵽ҪôŽԪң
ǮȨ򶯲˳ӷ磬ǾԼɣģôˣڣǰ϶ҲУֻԼʱûҵˣ
˼˵ˣʵĻѾ˵ˣֻǣҪĶ治࣬һʱҲ벻ʲôҪ󣬶ңҲûʸҵɣ
ӷ罥Ľ׻׶ΣֻҪԪô˳ǰŮҲûŵıҪˣ
ƣǳƣӷ˵ҲûڵԼ˵ȷûʸӷκζֻҪԼСˣԼʥ۷ľ磬ʲôֵġ
ʵǿߣΪѾʥ۷ǿߣΪѾٽһˣٽһĻǿɾ϶쾳ˣǵϾ磬˵Զܵģ֪˻ʵ۱֮⣬ûκһ˽϶쾳磡
һԴ߶ԣҪʲô㣬ӦúΪ̫ľԪĹϵˣһ˵ɢϢûĻΪӦøոյƷðɣ
һʣóӷΪԾ
Ů˷һûеͨѽһͨˣôܿĳԼΪһôľ磬ң֪ԴߣҲʵ̫˼ˣ
ô֪Դߣ㵽ʲôˣ
ӷʵòѽŮ˵óӷ˼Ȥ
ʲô㲻Ҫֻ֪Ҫ㽫Ԫң֮ҾͿ԰Ϊ˵ʥ磬ܰ۷徳硣
ȷһʥ۷ǿ˵յʱܶ࣬ҪһԴߴƷ۷壬ǲûܵġ
˵԰Լ۷徳磬ӷ绹Ƕˡ
Ҫ֪ڵҩ֮£Ҫ۷徳磬ǻ֪Ҫõʱ䣬ǰŮȴ˵ܰԼóӷеͬʱ־е㲻˼飬⣬ݣҲʼ˻ɣ
ȻҸ˵ǾһܰĵǰǣȽԪң֮󣬾Ϳ԰ˡҲöǲƭ㣬Ϊҵ˵ǾԲƭСɫġ
ðɣҵļ̳ˣʢδߣھȻΪСɫ
ӷЦһʵȻ˵ţ棬ǲܸң㵽ʲôˣ
ڻܸ㣬ֻҪ㡭
ںûʸּۻ۰ɡ˵˵˵ˣɡ
㡭
û뵽Լӷ綼ӦǵһμļһԼںʱ֪жٴ󳼿ధԼָһǣԼȥЩһû뵽˵򣬾ͱʸûеĴڣʵ̫ܴˡ
ӷתȥ
ӷӣģҲεȻѾΪԴߣǾӦ֪ԴߵķԴأʲôطɣ
ӷһԴߵķԴأǲǡ
ʵԴߵķԴأ˵еվŹùó˵ڻ֮⣬ԴߣϾ⻷֮ڣǺĵ̣Ҫ˵ԴߵķԴǺҲ˵ѽ
û뵽Ů˾ȻǺˣ⻹Ǵӷѽ
ԼĵˣǺӷҲӾŹùõĿе֪ԼѾ׷ǱҲʱ⣬Źùó˵ǰ죬үүʹùƿȭԸģǺļǿߣѵǰŮˣǺǿ
ѽүүȻʩչƿȭǺļǿ߾ͱɣǰŮôĺúõģһ˶ûУ
ˣŮ˵ڣһ˿ѵүү󷢴ȱֻǷѣûɱ
ҲԣںүүԲģ⵽ôһ£
ôǰŮˣһǺǿˣȻѾǸˣǾͲܷغԴ㣬ҪǿþԪӦǰָģ
ѹǿӵ֮Դˣԭôһ¡
ӷѾ뵽ԪôͬʱҲ֪ΪʲôҪǿˣɳӷܻὫָ÷غȱԸԼңɵˣǲܵ顣
ȻԼҵĵˣӷͲܱ¶ԼݣֱӸ߶ԷԼ˭
˵ǸΣӷ粻ӦģɼȻѾǸˣ˵ܴϣ֪һں顣
뵽Щӷĳһðյ뷨ǾǣΪѣֻҪڲ֪ԼݵȫԼպԣͶһݰա
֪֪ˣս


1049 
Ȼ֪ǳӷȻҪúáȻҪһˣõķǸҪĶȴһԸȫǵֱӰغǵɵ£ӷȻмȥ
ԣǳ飬֮ǰӷҪȽԼʵȥ˵϶쾳磬ҲҪʥ۷徳ɣʲô
Ҫ֪ΪѪı״óӷ粻̫ĵʱ䣬Ҳ˵ԼʵͬʱҪӲ񷶦ҳķȻȵʮ֮Լүү׶ˣʣԼһˣֻκ׸ķˡ
ȻҪΪѣϵ֪ӷȻҪĿ٣Ҫһ㣬Ҫװһʲô֪ӡ
ԴߵķԴأǵ𣡡
ӳӷ仰һЦСӣļʶҲ̫С˵ɣҸ㣬ԴߵķԴأǺ
㵱ǹŴˣʲôģеֻǲͬҵˡ
ӷ˵ģȻǵ飬˵ģȴǻ顣
ӷ°㣬֮ڵ飬ʲôĴӣĴ壬ȻǺЩӷѾ֪е㷢Цĳ嶯
˵ʲôģͲˣ
ǣֻǵϵЩ֪֪ͨʶˣ֮󣬱仯Ī⣬ܶ飬ǵЩͨ˽ġֻҪ㽫ԪңҲԱ֤ΪԴӦܽǺ֮ڣĳһְٰԲ⡣
Ҫ֪Ȼǻ֮ڵҪȻǼ׵飬˻Ե֮⣬ĻʵȻǸӾ޻⡣
ӣΪ˴ӳӷеõԪǲһˣܳӷˡ
ӷһ룬ԼĿһݽĻǻںڲһȷѪ꣡
ҵģڽԼһƥǵĻǾӦ飬ɾǵˣʱǺᷢô飬ɾͲܹˡ
ܽҽǸҰΪĻȻҲӦҪĶҲɵϣһ֮ʾͽǿ㡣
㻹ô
ҿɣȻǸʲôˣǲѣȻˣҪĶҲ㣬ֻ໥ҿȸǿϵһʵҲȸһں飡
ӷɲںԼΪģϾǸˣҲﲻԼԼв񷶦ڵ֪ǾԪãҪ˰Լ԰Ϊڡ
ûʱһһҪʵ뽫þԪȫҲС
ã
ϵĹʵҲϰٿãӣһùʵ̫ãҲҪˣ
Ҿû취ˣΪ˱֤ҲԿҲΪ֤˵ʵҵΪҪ֮ϣ򣬵ָֿʼڵĻô
ҵС㣬ǿ϶ģҪȥأΪ֮ϣǻëѽûȥͱˡҵʵ֮ϣѹ㣬ǾͲһˡ
¼ˣӷ˼ѾԣܳԿȻԿʵԼ֮ϣԳӷĿǰΪ˵ֻƷԼҪغҪʥһƷľ磬ûʥΪ޷ڻ֮ΣҲ˵ԼҪųӷĲҪﵽʥ֮Լϣغˣ
Ǳ߶֪ôӲ֪ʵ۱ûչԶʢߵĽԼʱѽ
ճӷ˵ԼôںΣƽһΣԼúһԱ󽫣ҲǺʹߣȴҪһСŪڹ֮Уʵǲѽ
ݺݵҧ˵С쵰һָԭΪһɱ㡣
Ļֻ˵˵ڣû취˭жԷ˾Ԫأ͵ǿסԼԼԽĻԽûϣغˡ
ãҴӦ㣬ԶڸҾԪĹʵʥ֮󣬱Ҳҵʥ磬ΪֻʥΪſԴڻ֮ڡ
ӷ֣һЦҪ֣ȴ˦ˡӷ粢ûзϣ˵СҲ棬ҲҪ㣬ҲŹǸӾްҹûͬҲһ
ȻǺˣǲӦ֪֣
ʥʹߡ
ʥʹߣʥ磬ӷ簵һ̾ŮˣȻǸʥ֣ѾˣȻùĿԼ
С㣬ܹϵʶ㡣ҽС̭ϡ
ӷһ֣ܲ˵Լгӷ磬Ǻĵ˰ɣ
̫ӣСմұˣ
ᣬ̭ˮṊ̀ɫӣʲô̫ӡ
ߣҹʲôȸһùʵҪС档
ʲôѽȻˣѵһѲɡҸطס֮ٸʵô
һ룬Ҫһʱ䣬ԼܲסˣҸطסǱģ
߳Ƽңӷ˵磬ȸ˵˵Ǹʲôɡ
̫̭ϣ̫֣ڶûҹʵ֪飬Ժ˵ɡ
̫ļˣҲΪǺ̫ǿѽ˽һ㣬պ˺Ͳ᷸ʲôˡ
֪ǺǿͺáĳңȻ췴ϣǱһҪסǧʱ򷢱ѽȻ鷳ˣ
ӷʵʲôң㲻˵ǺǿǸôһ£
Щ㲻Ҫ֪ǸϽҵطסɡ


1050 ֵĶ³칫
ӷһҸ߼Ƶһ䷿ûлƼңֱӽ˲񷶦
Ȼ֪˾ԪôôӷȻҪȥһ£ԪĹʵ֮Դɽȴóӷеʧ
ûԪĹʵȷǿ֮ԴģȴֱҪþԪ˹ʵ֮⣬Ӧûķָ
ӣҪķˣϵĹʵ̫á
ӷһ룬ԪʵֱΪֻǿ֮ԴҩųɹʧʣҩԪʵʹãǻ᲻ﵽҩʧܵЧأ
뷨Ҫһ飬ǣԭ϶ûУ޷Ƴҩ֮£ûУӣҪԯǱߵʧˡ
뿪񷶦ʱѾǵڶˣӷһ绰̣ѣФ˽ֳԷŮ˾һ𣬳ӷ绹治ȥ֣ڿүǼ£̸ѻΪФƽģӷ⣬ǺúõĴһѿؼ壬ϣڿؼĸ֣ϾǰФ˸̸ѶŮˣӷɫʱ򣬳ӷɲȥס
˸ڣ˵ǳǱ߳˵⣬⻹СӷȥľǼľظ죬һһ˵вɱŮҪˣңӷҲ֪ľôһ𣬰ľظΪԴߵʲôˡ
ȳӷȥǣԼҵĽȴȴ绰ˡ
ܲѾаҵʱˣʱڣ仹סڲϼһڹıȳӷҪõġ
ԭ˵ĹλˣѾΪŶ³ĳӷӦø˵ģĻڲϼһﲻ¶ʲôţжӷôȥץסǵİѱǡ
£ӷҲ˵ѽ̸ûԼĴ߳ȻôôƴȥֲͿ
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칫ң̨ôа칫ң
ѽҵʱ;ˣ칫Ҳ̨ѽǾһҵ飬ҵ˵̨İ칫Ƕ³רõģҲİ칫ҡ
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ӷһ룬ѵڶ³İ칫ڣʲôܲɣܵĻŵҵܣйڳҵĻܡ
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1051 ʢ嫣ɳư
Ȼûнţ˵ܲЩֹ˾ҲûȥԳӷʵ˵Ҫ֪˿̨ҲǼ׾֮¡Ȼ÷ɵֱӷȥ̨Ҳԣֻǳӷ粻ôĿŵͨ˷֡
Ѿ̨ųӷˣҲڵ绰˵̨ܲ˶³֮ܲ⣬κ˶ȥģ̨ţкü룬Ҫʵǵķȥ͸ӲˣΪⶰõĽȽһʵߣҲֻܵһĳ̶ȣһ룬ͻвͬηڵȴţҲǴĳͻȻֵļѷɵʵǵϣҲʲôΣճ֡
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󣬳ӷԽľą̃Ķ³칫ңһʲôܣӦòŵܣҵϵĻܣԶɽͲҪô鷳һ칫ң̨Լһ¾Ϳˣ
ӷ絽̨֮Ѿ˳ѾͷѾһŮְװˣͲ󣬿Ѿˡ
Ϊŵܲãǲٵģڳ֮󣬽ԭʮ飬ӵ˶ʮʮأʮأһ
þ֣Ӳþò˼飬ĴҵΪܲõģмʮǺ飬һĻǸͲæĹ
ڴ绰ӷ֮ǰʹڶ³칫ҵ飬˼߲ԱǶһͬԣ˵Ҳȫһڶ³칫ҵ飬ҲǺûκһϹ̨ģ̨˵ļɻ˰ɣĳԱȥǳʵĻҲû˸ȥ
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ӷ󾪲ԣû뵽֮ϣȻ˷ӡѹִطῴˣң̨ϻиţƾӡġ
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ʢӣǧȫˣ

ӷĳߣֳһ⾵棬⾵ٵγһ̨ǵ԰ĻȴͨĵҪϺü
Ļϣһ֧ǼӦ˵ǻĶĻǰťһһĻߣһ֡
һ֧Ƽǧ
漴Ļһתʾ֡
ʢӣһٰʮ·
ѵүүѾʢӸΪˣǲ˵үүѾ뷨
ţĻϣ˲ͬţڵλãȫڵģӲǧκһУЩͲ֮ϡ
̫껣ũ׵ۣԯƵۡ껽ϣϣ෸ϣҢϼ˴ϣ
ӷ翴ʾķ̫껣ũ׵ۣԯƵۣţٿţʱһ
ɣۣ
ûʾİ˸ţйʷ϶ûعۣǴ˵еĴڣ񻰰Ĵڣ˵ǣԶʱڵĴڣ
ôۣѵЩ˵еĴ񣬶ûţңϣһЩﲻϣ
ǰһ䣬Ѿóӷ羪ŲˣɽĻʾģûóӷε
ڽʾûԳƺţһʫʫУȴйʷеĳ
̺ܣܷΡ
սһͳ
κ⣬ǰӡ
ϱУ
Ԫ󣬻ʳꡣ
ʢ嫣ɳưԡ


1052 ʨ
嫻仯Ī⡣Ĺ±ȱȽǣҲңԶĻԵҲʱǵߡڣȴΪ֪ͨ
֮ڵİͳŻе磬ĴӣΨҶв߱ɱɿ
ĺһӾްҹĴ֮£˻򣬺Ӿ޻ңΪ˻֮ΪϣҲȻĴڡ
˵һݵĻǺͽ֮ϣǶһһ㣬ʱĲͣתƶģַһһڻ֮ϵĳǳأһǺܴȴޱϵĳǳأ֮ʯĴڣԻûκһַ
Ϊ嫳ǵΰǳ֮ڣҲ֪˶ٴ䣬񣬺嫳ѾǷޱȣڹƶҲɲǹ廹ƶ񣬶ΪԴߣΪٵĶ𾳽磬ûﵽ𾳽ΪǺӾ޻ҵĳԱᱻ嫳ǣòãҲע˺ܶƽӹ֮޴جΣеıĴ֮ڵĲͬУеģһ뿪嫳Ǿ·һ
嫻ʹֻԻͣһʿγһ֧֧ľӣػڻʹ⣬ûκ鷢֮£ЩνǿߣͶ˰㣬һҲûһ鷢Щǿڵǿͻͬһʱ䱬嫳ǡ
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䣬ʵ۸̫֪ôԷʱͻȻһʹڡ
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˵һҲûңµģǳԶɽǣۣʨۣȻԴ׵һôľ磿


1053 ı
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Щسүǲ֪ʵۻôļƻɶʢӳǱߵ飬ȴѾȫ֪ˣӣⷢʢڱˣֻʵ۽һϵеļƻƶǸʱ򣬾Ǻʢӵʱˣ
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ûū֪һӣ·˳ΪĻǳ۵ĶӣȻǳĻ̫ӣ¾ͿԽᣬһףҸļ̳ˣȫ̫һеȨȫڱ𡣡
˼ǣ۵ĶӣԴҪЮңǲ
û۾һӣڳһУҲֻг۵ĶӵѪֻҪ۵ĶڱµУңҪڱ£ǳԶɽǳۣҴ˵һ仰
ʵһ£˵취ãɳҶѾˣôܽӸҺ嫳ǣˣԸĻǲǵòʧ𣡡
԰µʱֻҪ˵Ǹһ໥оʤӮĹ£ū֤Զɽۣһó̫ӶģǳҲǸһļ̳ˣǸСķҺŶҽԳʲôԣ֮ƣԼˣҲıٶ֡
ţ˵еԳҵ˵㶪Ҳᶪ棬һûļ̳ˣңǾԲӲͦġдһʥּڸȲҪʱ䣬Ҫóһе׼Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
ǣūͰ졣
ʵ۾ȻͬԳƳöʢһϢʱ
˴ү壬е˼飬Դˣ޺֮ˣңѾǸƽƽĳˣʢӣΪûõ֮ͬǰκˣκַɱ⡣


1054 ̫
ӷ绹صķڣоŶʢӵĲ֣ǧֲڶʢӵʲôλãһٰʮ·ִʲôλãЩӷ뾡һԼҸΪҼ̳˵Լͱˣ
Ȼγɵϵ˱仯ֻ⣬ӲͬȥЩ֮أȫ޷ȥ֮أǧ硣
ʱ䣬˵֮⣬е磬Ҳ򣬶һ󾪶֮ϣһС㣬ЩСٵ࣬ٵγɣУž޴ı䶯Ƶģֻ˵սңЩսңں̵ܶʱ֮ڣҲȫƽһûƽǱǬ磬ңǰǬ⣬޹Ƶģȫ뿪Ǭ磡
ʲô£
ӷǰҪϵпʲôܿϧͲȳӷ۲оγɵϵʧˣ䷿ڣٴαĿտҲʲôûУ
ͬʱӷо棬˺üǿƣƵǿ֮ˣȫǿߣΪԼ֮ϡ
ӷ´󾪣֪ô̵ʱڵ׷ʲô£ǿҲ֪ǵѣǵ˵ĻԶԷɢԼȥռκεıˣȥԼܵǿ뿪͵͵ȥɣҲ̫ثˡ
ٶ룬һǿǵˣ񷶦Ԫ֮һս
뵽⣬ӷɢڵ֮Դֻһţ˳ӷǰ
̨ΧƮȻʮǿߣʮ۷ǿߣÿһ˵ͶǺܴҲʮҵӡ
ʮǿ߸һأÿһ˵۾ȫڵųӷڳƵġ
ٴתӷֱһͼʮͬλõǿߣÿһ˵ϣźɫװȫǶˡ
ӷоʮǿߵΪ۷ľ磬ԷѵǶⲻѽװӦˣ磬ô۷ǿߣ
ӷսưڳҲܲ˶ԷʲôˣҪֵĻƶȫϲ񷶦޷Էκε˺ԼҲȫˡ
ɳӷ벻ԼҪ񷶦ʱ̨ͬλõʮ۷ǿߣȻԼͬĵȶ˫ֱȭͬʱ΢μ̫ӵ¡
һ仯óӷǶͷԣʲôϷԼɲԱΧҲûоͷѽЩһʲô
ĴԽϷ̫ˣִԽŴĸ࣬ɴӹŴԽִĿ֮ѽУҲڸոտʼݳͷϷѽ
ӷһתһ˫۾һʮǿߣʮ۷ǿߣȻԼ¹ⶼʲôʲôѽ
ѵԼҵǿߣ
ҲѽԼҵˣǶԼĳƺҲӦѽͷǶеģôЩ˵ĿУͱ̫ˣ̫ӵ£ЦɲܿѽЩ⽨ͼǰѾˣӷǸִ֪ʶ꣬ӲмŴһ׵ģ
ǣʲôˣ
һ˻ش£΢ǻˣʨ£ƲԱ
ˣƲ䣡
ǳӷѽ֮ǰֻԼһ粿䣬ңͷǵΪߣƾڣҲ۷ľ磬ƲʮˣȻȫ۷ľ磡
ô£ѵǷʲô𣬸ôʱ򽫻˵ĵڶ˳
ɡң׷ʲô£
Ϊ׵ӷǰش£ǶʢѾʽ˺ԳһΪ
ʲô
ӷǷڲ֪ԼүүѾŻ뷨û뵽Ȼչ֮죬ͲԼļӦʽˣ
ǲǷʲôʣ
ص£ʱδֻǺǱ֪޷ӲӲΪȶ֣λʵֱּʢӸǳңڣʢΪүΪ̫ϻʣʨΪĿʵۣȻǻ̫ˣ
⻹ϷˣڷչҲ̫˵ɡ
Լҷ˺Ǳ߲һ㶯ûУôһףǸʲôǲʲôƣ
ǧ硭
ӷղϵı仯ѵǲǶʢӵңǡ
ûѾּǧ磬ɳһٰʮ·ǰ̼佫ƽΨ
Ψʲôӷʵ
ΨǬڵĵ磬¸̫ϻʲܣڵԼ
ʲô˼ȫƽˣ¸Ǭ⼴׵ĵԼƽôɣԼһ֮ôĶ磡
ӷʵ޷ʲôʲô̫ϻʣʲôʵۣʲô̫ӵģЩȴǰٷ֮ٵʵɳӷ粻ܣ
Һ֪ҳҵһôĽ׶Σǿ
ص£ǳĿǰ仹޷Ĵ̫ϻʸ򣬺ҲֻҪɳǳվһսʱˡ
ӣүүײǬģԼ콫ΪȥϾҪԵǺһǬ綼㲻ĻʳӷʲôȥԸʵȥҲ
Ұָòǽҵİɣ
ˣ潫ʮ۷ֽӷĻֺαóӷȥ
ص£ֻ΢֪ͨһõ֪ƣûеôá˵ǳѾʢҲʲôˣҪԺԶԶµ˼ǣϣþһֶθ罫Ϊʥ۷徳硣
ʥ۷徳磬̸ѽԼֻƷľ磬ʥ۷徳磬ɻʮǧأ
Ҳõģв񷶦˾Ԫʥ۷徳磬ӦҲ̫á
ˣѾ֪ˣȻȥɡҰ֣ҵԼܰס¾ͿˣҪΪҶģıлɳˡ
ǣ΢ˡ


1055 в֮
û뵽ԶɽжѸ٣ĿǰԽԽϷ绯ˣǱ߾ȻͬⶫʢӶͬʱ˴󷽵óԳһ˿ȷǲ˼飬ҲǳҵɣϾ׻ôãڻ֮ʢΪӴ󣬿ɺȻ˸һôĶʢӰװ׾͸˳ңУвΪ֪ı档
ӷɲɵϣһҲԼһ˼ڶʱ֮ǲ׶ֵģһ֣ǿɾһԵĻս
ӷֲˣȻԼҵûкôǿôǱڹ˼ʲôأǳأ
ôһΣڲڽȴԼԣԼҪģǾһеĿܣΪΪûﵽʥ֮ǰԼҪŸɣүүҲͬġǬ磬ϵĵˣԼģ綼㲻ĻȥԺҲ·һûԺ͵ڳһһ
ӷ֪ԼϵĵԽԽˣǰҪ౶
ǰĳӷֻ뱣ԼߵˣڣԼİοӷ綼һܱס
Ϊʵ磬Ѿ˵÷ˣز˭ȭͷ˭ϴʵһУӲ
ںڰУԶûаУ׵磬籩꣬ʱ̴ƣ·ɢȥһӣ硣
Ǭ磬ԴԶʱڵһսѾıһУǴػգѾԶʱڵǰͬһ㣬ͨˣ޷棬ԣԶŴս֮ǬеԽԽ٣ģȫǿߣȫԴߣҲֻǿߣ硣
һɫĹ֮Уһɫףֻ˫ۣŭԣһ̤أпֲͬԨԹ飬ˣǬߣǬ
ʵ̫ȻɳǿߣǬ磬ҾԪȫݻ٣ˣҪǳҰٱ
ǬƵĻ֪ĿǰƣһҪܳңΪⶫʢӵȫ°Ҳǵʱ
ǽô죿ԪһòʣûоԪ֮£ôҿ⣿һӰʵ
ܲôˣϵ壬ƾ֮Ƴӡɱ硣

һӰӹ֮
˵ʲô£
²ˡ
ʲô£Ͻ˵
Ѿ޷ϵˣǱߣҲǶϿϵ
ʲôô
ԱһӰ˵еѽǳɳǿߣǵȫˣ޷ǱߣԴ˵˵ǺǱˣ
ܣһǶʢӵߣҲܰ쵽㣬ûк֮ͬ£Ҳǣ
еĺӰȫ룬ѵĵڻǷ𣬳ңѾǱ߷ˣĻǳһѾƽ磬ҲֻĽͣ˵ԼǬΪʲô뿪޷κϵ
ڳķӡδƳ֮⣬Ǹ޷ȥϵҲ˵Ψһ뿪ǬķƳķӡٴϵϷ塣
ӣǷˣʢҲѾƽˡɼȻˣΪʲôǬ磬۵ڴʲôע⡣
ҪǴҺƳӡֱɱɡ
ǿеġڣѾˣһеƳӡǵʱȥ磬ǣʲôȥҶ
ҲУҲУ׸ǺãǬѾܴĵطˣԭѾ磬зϵϣں֧֮ɱ磬ЩǬеĺڰû뵽ҵٶȿ湻ģؼʱ̣Ȼֱӷ˺
һȻû׷˵ʲô˵ʢӣѾǺˣȫ˳ң
ҲܳôúʦģڣԼǬҪɱ磬һսʵǲ̫ѽ
ôܵ﷢ʲô£粻پˡΪ˱һսҲֻܵȴȴŷӡԶƳǸʱ򣬲磬ؼյʱ̡
Ǭ֮ӣӣӣҲΪʵ۶ͬе⡣
ӷ壬μ˫Ѿ꣬ȴûԵ̫ϣԴߵĺôûб״ԴߣΪͻԽá
һ۵ķ˫һӵǱߴϢټ˷еĺĳԱȫۼһ
ڳѾһ̼ƽǧ磬ҲѾǬǱʧȥ磬£ʲô
˫аһС«˫۾񣬿Լͬһһˡ
磬ҿ֮ЭȫΪ۵Ĺϵ۴ŴҶٶţǳҶΪǿһɫΪɲ⡣˵ǰ죬۾ȻߵĴ̫ˣɼ˵Ϊһôĵز
ţ˵ûԶɽˣνǷ򸴺ѹЩһ˵ӵۡڣѪޣһۣҲҪ̫ǣĿǰΪҪģϱµļƻܳΪһ
磬߿ɿϢΪһгӷ磬ǳ̫ӡµ˼Ϊһףʱ壬ΪһҪǰͳǸᣬǸӷԶںһҾͲˡ
˫˵µļƻãϷѽ
絣ĵģǳۣ
ûһ˳۵Ķӣǳۻ᲻ֱᷢɱ
űˣǸͲҪģΪҪģǵʱϱµļƻˡ
˵ûȻǱµ˼հˡңҲѾ˳㹻ʱ䣬ײһʱ̾ܶģСһȫ׼ɣʱһһǰ
·ˣע˳۵ϣڸ˵һΪµĵˣЩȴ벻߱˾޴вģǳۣǳΪһӷ硣


1056 ϰ
ڳӷ˵ֻ߰㣬ʳ֮ζֿϧӷ벻ľϲ
ų绰˵Ŷ³ذ칫Һڣִ绰ˣ˵飬Ŷ³ذ칫Ҹóӷˬ
ԯԼΪҪĶˣֱȥƼҳӷ磬ֻΪ̷ֳ˻ڻʢ٣֪ʲôطǣ̾͸ԯһȥҳˡ
۷ϵĸ֣ںܶǰҲһ飬սԯ˫ƽճͶԳĽ㣬̩ɽѾ¶˳ֻ䵭δЩŮ˽ϣʹʮǴڡ
Щ£ӷûȥᣬʶʣģֻԯ˶ԭϻܷڰԼΪͬʱҲŹùȫΪ
һ⳵˻ʢһҾƵſڣҾƵȻһй;Ƶ꣬ſڵķԱҲйˣΪľ¥
ľ¥ʵһҪ˽ֵطŻ⣬෴˽סȫйˣҼһԼûҪܵȥԡ
ڻʢΪһϣһй¥ЩĹعˣҲ⺣֮һлʳ׬ǮֶΪأ
ӷڽ¥ʱԱֵķǳУɶй˵ĹϵɣӷҲǳ󷽵ĸСѣһһǧ
Ԥ𣿡
װľйͬ¥ҲȥЩˣһʱ˳ӷǰ
ӷ¥ɨһ£Ƶ겻Ǻܴ󣬲ֳסһľƵ꣬ǳԷĵط֮Ǽҷݣ㣬ڶ˻аᣬֻİȽ𣬲ǹŵģǸưЩһһ統ţÿڳԷͬʱܵĴš
ӷ绹һǳȤ飬ڶ¥ЩϣŻÿһǴʦƷʫ
ӷѾڶ¥̼ˣȫͬһᣬ粢ûнǵסģҲ˵ڵİᲢûСš
ҵѾˡ
ӷԾЦЦҪСѣɾȴҪ˵СֻзԱգ־ǲܸԱġ
ӷҲ⣬ֱ˶¥
ǳãɼй˲ڣζǳá
ŹùãһΪѾ뿪ʢء
ӷᣬߣԯҲڣ۷ϵĸ־ۼһվеرˣʶʮѣȻûһ˵ģİ˰㡣
ӷЦһ£ʵԯҪҵĶҵ𣿡
ԯ˵ͷƼҡ
ж٣
ܶࡣ
ɣôҵԭϣô׾ҵˣкܶ࣬һʲôطҵġ
µҪЩȻΪȥüԭʼɭ֣˵ģȫˡ
ǾͺãֻҪԭȫãǵΪͰˡ
˶٣ӷʵŹùã飬㶼֪𣿡
˵ͷЩ£ûʸȥܣȶŰɡ
ڳҵ飬ԯɲȥʣҲʣȻ˵ûʸȥܵ飬ɼǶôţ棡
ط治һǹҵĹŵϢ
ӷ磬һ˸ʶ
˭
֪ˡ
һᣬͼһɫȹӵйˣ˰ᣬй˿ȥӦʮüˣķǳã仯ױȴһҲѷɫڳ
ԭǾСݹ٣˵˭ôӣӲҪƣҪл¥
΢Цһ͵˳ݡ
һ˿ЦݶûУ˵ϰ壬⼸ԽԽˣҲ˵Ҫľ¥ǲɣ
һٸҲѽοһŮˣ磬Щֹգ¥Ϳȥˡ
ۡ
̷ǳʧĽպȵһڲ˳ⲻܹ̣ԯȼʶλϰĻ󣬶ǴĳԾ
ֹգ
ֳɣϰʲôͷȻóԹյģ
ԯǼΪϰ˵ֻǳҵ⼸һΪǼһûʸȻֳֻгһ
ӷ˫е񣬿һϰ壬ֿ˿Źùãȴû˵ʲô
С㣬һΪλ˰ɣȾƲˣġ
ܿ죬ƲϰҲûʳӷ缸˵ݣȻԸһԷģҲԲͨĽɫ
С㣬ҲѾжʮû˰ɣⱭƣȾ㡣
˵һ׾Ƹˣԯ໥һۣλСȻ˺ȾƣѽĿһеԯ
Ҳǽܰɣֽȴе
ϰ΢΢һѣЦԭǶɲݣСʧˡ
ԯҲû˵һ׾ơ
еЦ⣬ȴɱ
ϰָԼһ׾ƣЦ˵ɲޣλڶʮǰѾΪ񻰵ȻͬʱССƹһѽ
һ֣֪Էݸͷɼϰ壬Ҳ򵥡
ٽˣϰȴ˳ӷ磬ûԼˣֻһ˫۾ڳӷϴţ˵һüĿ㣬ʱС˧ѽ
ϰ֣ҪȥӷС
˵ıƭˣСɱˣԲ㵱֮¡
ϰָ̽˻ԼؿڣЦǺգûˣСɴû˿佱˵ġ
ϰ廹˼ɱ£ԾȻһֿ佱
ʮǰʮǰпʨû´ĻλС˧磬Ӧþǳ˰ɣ
ӷϴЦ⣬ɲǳκ¶һ
ϰã³ӷ硣
һӷ磬Ȼ丸ӡǰϾѧԻȡ̨壬ռϣл޼죬սڰܹٺ磬ͳģһָ


1057 Ҫ
ϰ廹治ѽ̶һ仰͵˳ӷΪϢ֮֮ͨ㣬亱У
ЩޣӷһЦЩСƵģϡ
ӣһУˣѽ
ӷЦϰˣС£Ҹʮ֮һҸ
ǫ飬Ȼǳҵļ̳ˡ
ϰ忴һ۳ӷߵ̣˵ûĻλСӦþƼҴС˰ɣ
̵˵ͷ⻹治֪ǲһɺϣ̸Ըеƣ˶˵Į·һǶĮƵġ
޵ѧ֮˾Сһʱ䣬ȻҲ֪Сô߱ΪߵģС;˳ɾͣҲľСˡ
ңֻҸѡ˵û˿Ц⡣
ϰ֪ô飬һǵһμӷ̣ⲻòóӷϰŹùýҪܸԼˣɾλϰˡ
֮£ȻۡĹ۲죬ϵ䣬µһӢڡ֮ۡСӷ粻ɵһЦš֮ۡˣһ֯ȴǺڵϵ֯Ӳڰ׵ϵ֯޹أ̽޹أһ޹أκκһȨ֮ˣΪֹۡϵϵһҲãΪۡΪǿ鱨֯ʱߵʲô·ֻҪյһ鱨Ǿ͵һԤ֪Աκ˶һӦ
ϰ֪ô£붼ûѿڶɼǡۡеϴ󼶱ˡ
ȻΪϰǾŹùýܵģӷֱӶ϶ǡۡеϴ󣬶ա
ڶĸңٶŹۡ鱨֯ȴû֪ۡϴݣֻǳΪϰ壬ҲҪΪԤ֪ģλۡϴݣȴ֪
û뵽ŹùҪԼʶģȻǡۡϴܵõۡ֯ǽ󲻹ʲô£ӷ綼һݵİգ٣ˡ
ŶӾȻҲ֪ۡ
Ȼ죬֪ۡĻǰ׻ˡ
ʳӣԡۡʲô
ϰ˵Ƿ棿
Ȼ鱨档
ǡۡ鱨ԴȻһ˭ܵõǡۡʲô£Ȼ°빦ղϰҸû´ĻϰҸӦѰɣ
ȷҵæҲӦǳռʮϡ
Ҳ˵ʱѾˣ
պöʮꡣ
ǲ֪ϰôǳңǵתǹͷԸǳң
Ӿأ
ȻҲ֪ҸϰʲôæţϰʮĸԸǳҵġ
ӹȻⶼµˡûʮҰǳռ鱨䶼Ϊ棬Ըġ˶ʮ幤ҲʱյϢ˰ɡ
ϰ֮壬ǻǳˣ
ҸɵйˣǮ׬ġ
ϰϢͨ鱨׼ȷӦ֪ҴСͲڳҳҲΪˣҴСڼԼĺϰߣҲлһ¡ϰҿҪǮյǮҲһһٷԽģʵڲܱ֤Լܲõĳ
Цˣյļ۸Ȼףǳҵʵ˵ҲȻŽùôңҲΪһ᲻ǳҵ⣬ȻѾϣӣǾͿżɽֱһɡ
ӷЦһʵϰôֱӷ
Ҳһһ鱨㣬Ǿһ㡣һһȸ֮ĶҼǳռҪ鱨֪Σ
Ů˻ʨӴ󿪿ѽһ¾һ𣬻Ҫȸ֮һ浱ԼԩͷˣǮȥĻԼܹ⣡
ϰǸѽһϵ鱨ⷽ棬ǳȻ㣬鱨ǲʲô£ǳҶıȽϱҲ˵ǳңûϰİҲΪˣϰŻ˼Ŀ۸񣡡
ȻӿˡʵҲֻۣʮҿʵ̫ˣһһ۸Ҳǲһɡ
ѵͲһһҾʵ̫˵㡣
ӣ۸Ѿܱˣ룬ʮ
ˣ֪ʮǳҺܶ࣬һ㲹ҲǺġǣһҶ֪ԿҵĿˣҪһʱó֮ҿ
Ѿɳӽ֣޷ĻùҲͲˡ
Ůˣʵǿ£ԽǴŮˣԽУ
ĸԱһ仰Ҳ˵ӷϰ̸֮ҲûƵģЩ޹أΪҵˣȻѾŽӷˣЩ£ȻǳӷԼǳԶɽڳ˵һ仰ģ
һضûУ
ӣҲҪΪҿһѽôҪռ鱨ҲҪһʽģСǮǳ˵ʲôɶ˵ɷǳҪѽ
ӷ̾˿ڣʨӴ󿪿ڵ⣬ôٴ󣬳ӷ綼ӣ˵һڣʮڣӷ綼ʹġ
˵ӷСֻǸҪǮʲô
첻ӦϰĻϰһ˺ɣ
ϰЦһȴûлش⣬ҪشֻҪеӵ˶ĵӷ粻ӦϣЩһǻȿֺԼġ
Ȼˣһһ˫õķϰ岻ΪѣͬʱǳңҲܵκεв
ϰʵʲôѵǽԼȥҿֻһѽ⣬һ治֡
ϰˣҵ˼˵ֻҪۡ֯ʧۡгԱϰڣһҹ֮ȫ˼ˣǲǶǳңǶͶκεвˣ룬ķҲͬġһھƸ˳ӷҲ̫ݶ˵ɣǮҲˣ̸ٱҲǳҶʮʱѽڣȻ˵ͷҪ˼ҡۡˣʵйģ
ϰɫޱ䣬ȴЦӲڸҿЦɣЦɿã
˵ӷӲЦ
˵û˲ῪЦҷǳŵģ˵ǡۡ;Բһڣϰ岻ţɣҿԱ֤ǡۡˣܼĵ̫ϰ壬ϵϰ֪࣬ģ˵һҹ֮ԼۡһСʱҲǴ´ġԼ˳Ҷʮ꣬Ƴ۲һ㶼ûסԼۡϣԼЩ˶ʲôݣʲôطǱߣһˣ
һ۳ϰ˵˵ֶ˵û죬Ҫţ˵ڵĻһҪ
ӷ˵ϰ壬Ҹһʱ俼ǣϵҰɡסֻһʱ䣬ûĵȡ
뿪˾¥˼ƣһڲҲûԡ
ڳӷ缸뿪󣬸ղǸ߽ᣬ˵ϰ壬ǸӷҲ̫Ǹˡǰǳô꣬˵ͷ
ϰһֹסҪ˵Ļ˵ӣʵ̫͹ӷˣֶΣɱȳԶɽۺݶˣΪµǣһʱĺݶȱ
ϰ壬ǽôҪҪϵһϣǱߣ
ǧҪѾҵ˶ˣֻҪһɱ֮
ѵҪѰǳ𣿡
Һú룬ȥɣ


1058 ڰ֮
˵ԯصЩϡеĿֲǳ
صƼҵʱ򣬳ӷΪԾԯԭϣһ󿨳ѽһ治֪ʲôطǴʲôطЩԭġ
ԭӷ绹ΪЩԭӦòڵϵģû뵽ʶԼ̫ѽϵĺֲܶҪȳӷ֪Ķܶࡣ
ҪĶȫˣ˵˵Ƴٵҩɣ
һ׷߾ԯڵ֪ԼԭֻǾ֮ܺ󣬾;ҪӷվһֻҪӷܰԼΪʲôһüͷġ
ԭϣӷǰƵҩ䷽һ£ûκ˵Ϣһϣ峿ҾͿҾŹùõΪͻ۷徳磬𾳽硣
Щԭϣ˵ԯǣǳӷԼҲлƷľˡ
ȻĿǰƳĵҩЧϣǳɹ϶һľޣɳӷ绹˵ĵõһþԪ˾ԪϣЧǳɹϣȫµͻƣóӷҲ˷ܣȥöãԼͿͻ𾳽磬ʥˡ
Ȼ²̫򵥣ΪĹУ˭Ҳܱ֤᲻ᷢʲô⣬ֻҪһϵеĸ֮󣬼һǾ°빦ˡ
һЩ飬ԼڵʱǧҪСһ㣬ϾľظڲǺǵģһһԼڵʱңǾһҪͣҪ֮ΪȫѾƷľ磬һǷͻԼڵ£ԿģƼң

ǳԶɽүϵĵطȥʮУԶɽڴ˶ȹˣû뵽ӻŵϢʹĳԶɽٴسŻ֮ĳҷԼһϵе顣
ۣʱйܣˡ
ү鷿ں˲裬Ŀǰʢ߼֣һǬӷԼȥ֮⣬磬Ѿƽ
ǱΪһ𣬶ʱ֮ǲģɳȴʲô
ոճҪ̫ࡣұǸѾסھǵˣܶ飬Ҳòܡ
۵ȼһ֧̣ǶʢӵİˣǰӺ֮ǽȻͬ
ҲӦֻ֪֮ʱ䣬Ǹ治Ϊ֮ţһʱ֮պΪҳϰ
֣ܵģǱߵҳңҲѾҸסˣûг׼֮ǰûаٷ֮ٵİ֮ǰǾԲġ
ԶɽóһŻɫӣݸۣ˵£ʲô
۽ӴһۣɵЦһ˵ӣǴʼʩˡ飬ǻ˼
ں˵ֻҪܴﵽĿģǲںʲôġ
Ǿǿǳҵ磬Ÿ˵ġȻûʱ䣬ӷһʵʧġһϱ˵ûʲôʧֻϣǸʵ۵ʱҪڲźá
Ȱһ£ʱ˭ͬӷһȥɡ
²ҪҰţһǿӣǰźе飬ȻǰǣӷܽԷס
Զɽ˵СѾͷһΪҪպŻãû뵽ôõˡӷѾʶˣǬǿҲѾ䵽ӷ֮֡벻ͨǣӷ罫ǿֲʲôطΪʲôңоǿһ˿Ϣ
ʱǿܵˣҵٴηʱȴӷǸʥʹҲ˸˳ˮۣûȥˡӷ罫ֲʲôط㣬һ治֪
ӷЩǶ֪ѽЩҩǴģǲԼƳģ㣬벻ͨ
ж룬ȴûһ𰸳
ж︣ϣӷܺúðס
˶٣Զɽʵձľأϣ죬СͻȻͱΪԴߣͷûУ
ۻشڰǡ
鵽ʲôûУ
ĿǰûУԷص̫
ŶϣȻ֪ڣ
۳˿̣үӿԼе죬Ц֣òΪҰǵİɣ
˵ʵһϣ㣬Ǿͻ鷳ˡ
ȷô̵ʱڣľظԴߣκˣүӿֻгһˣǳ۵ĻǶԷһǸ޴в
õģǸһΪȨΪӦֻѡ
ô϶ʶģ
ܿ϶ԷҵĸоӦʶˣǰӦһֱʵֻǲˬӷôһĶӣҶһɡ
㻹Ҫץһ㣬һĽɫһֱڵ磬һΪҳҵвǾҪ
ţ֪ˣֻҪ˿ı¶ҾͲϣ


1059 Ʒ
񷶦ڣ¯еĻȼ𣬳ӷһԭϷŽȥ
ʱţ¯ڵĻ潥ͬʱһ˱ǵζ¯ɢ
ӷߵ¯ǰ¯򿪣һſŵĵҩ¯ɢֹâ
ΪԯԭϹ࣬ԳӷһƳĵҩҲ࣬˵ҩ࣬ΪĿģȲ˵ҩĳɹʣʵΪĿǰֵҩڳӷ˵Ҳ̫ˣһԳʮţϾԪĹʵҲֻܰӷƷľ磬ҪҩôڵҩһҪԪԪֵҩĻϣƷ֮ϣȫûЧˣӷ뾡һа취ʯƳ񻹵пƷľ硣
ȻĿǰҲ̫࣬ϾƷδ뿪񷶦˽𾳽֮ǰӷԼȵƷľ硣
ֵĵҩӷҲܲôˣֲͬɫŲͬĵҩһǰķӷһܲסģüĹһΪߣܲסڲͬˣӷΪѾƷľ磬ԳܵסЩҩһóЧ
Ϊ˽ɹȫӷ֮ǰķԾԪĹʵϵҩһȥԪʵӵе֮ԴҩЧһһʧܵġ
ͬŲ񷶦ľԪڵһ֮󣬾ûټ󣬵ϵĹʵȴڲͣ
ӷժһŹʵֱժʵĵطٿٵĿһ仨ٶʵ̫ˣٶ˵ӷͲȥЩʵһ죬ͣժͲͣĳ޿ή̬֮
ϴСĹʵһڿڵĳԣǹƻὫӵе֮Դйȥģ˵;ֻôֲǹޣһھͽʵȥѽҪڳ¹ʵͬʱҩȥͳΪһͷʹ⡣
ӷ罫ʵһԣҪоһ£ôһԽʵҩͬʱȥȴϣʵշڵϣȻͿήˣҿٵʧ
ô
ӷժǸʵӰӶûˣѵ˵⾫ԪĹʵͬμе㣬صģؾͻӲ̫õʱ䣬ժºҪԵ㣬Ҳή
óӷԽӵͷʹ֪ô̵ʱڣʵҩͬʱ¡
ŨˣҿùȽʵҩһȻٵںΪһ壬ٷ£Ϳ𡣡
ô򵥵⣬ͲҪ룬ɽڣ֪òɣڳӷ練Ӧ죬ʱܵһʱķЩûа׶ˡ
뵽⣬ӷժһʵ̽ڵɢʵҩһںΪһ壬ʹĹʵҩΪһŲݮĴС
ӷ˿ֻں˵ҩĹʵٵıӷ˿УȻڳӷʺһ⣬ӷǱΪ͸Ŀǵʺٵƶ˳ӷĵﴦĽΪһĵ㣬ٵ쵽ӷȫн
񷶦֮ϵתһǿ֮Դڳӷӿ˰㡣
ӷ类ǿ֮ԴΧţʲô֮ԴԶ˳ӷڡ
ڵ֮Դǿ⣬ӷ绹оѪеѪҲ֮ǰһƻ֮ڳӷѪвͣţţѪΪ˳ӷڵ֮Դ
ʱ򣬳ӷ͵һǿӳӷȫ仹޷𶯲񷶦ԪȴԱ𶯵Ҷʼ䡣
ŸԪ񣬰˸ڳ˯֮УΨһѵǸҲɢǿҵĽ⣬ΧŲ񷶦ͣķš
޿ʼټѽԪҲʱԶȥʯ嵽˳ӷǰΧųӷ粻ͣš
һ⣬ڲ񷶦γɣ⻯ΪڵԴҲӵ㣬ʼ
ӷ֪Ϊ񷶦ԼΪһĹϵԼΪͬʱ񷶦ҲΪ֮ϲãھǲ񷶦һϲõı﷽ʽԴĳ֣ڹųӷƵġ
ӷӰһȻԴˣǾ˵ԼԵõԴˡ
֮޵ΣõʲôԴأ
ӷһץסһΪһŵ֣ӳӷĿڶӷԺС
֮٣֮ʹ˺޻ֵأǧ֮УҲɱһѪ·κ˿ɽ
ӷԺгֵԴ֮޵ţƣ
ǧ֮⣬νɱѽ
ƷԴľأ죬ǿǧҾǳ


1060 һ
ӷ뿪񷶦صƼʱѾǵڶ峿ˣ
ԯȻһͨûкۣһ𼴽һȫµľ磬һԼ֪ľ磬ǼĶɲޣͬǳ˷ܡ֮ȴûôϣϽնνһЩؼڣọ̸̈̄ħ֮ϣһ
ӷԯǰʱ˫ķǳҲԸо˳ӷĲͬɢƣԯ޷ӽҲԯڳӷĵҩŲˣ̶һҹ֮䣬ӷΪһ׶ΣȻԼĿǰ֪𾳽֮һôĸо٣˶ԣһʮǿѹ
Ǿõˡ
ӷϴЦ⣬һϵûа׷ѣܿ죬ԪĹʵϵҩͿ԰ԼͳӦǿˡ
Ϊ
ڲ˵ҵʱ򣬵ҩѾˣܿ죬ǾͿԸһһȫµľ磡֮ǰұҪһ¡
ԯ˵֪ʲôҲɷģȻҴӦ˵飬һ쵽֮ڣκ¡
ܺá
ӷֿһԯͬԯ˵ͻӷ粢̫˽⣬̱Ƚ˽⣬Ͼһ̵ֽ̳ģ
㿴ɵϣҲᷴѽ
šȻѾӦˣҾ˵һϻˣҼȻǽһȫµľ磬ͬʱҲԶǽӵеһУǵڡ㣬ӦòҪʲôȥ֤ǿɡ
ڣɱ˹Ҳֱܵˣ⻹֤ӷʵ𡣶ң飬ӷǸϰʱȻ˼ǿ鱨˵Ҫ𣬿ɼӷĻֶӿ£
ЩǶףܰһȫµľ磬ҲǳԽģ֮зĵĻʱȡǵ
ܺáǽҾͰǽ𾳽ɡ
ӷȽҩ˳ԯѾǶɹٵģǰ˵ҲҪӷ統ʱһɹٺ֮٣ɼȻԵҩٺ֮ȻֱӸˣҲԯ˰ɡ
˿Ҳ̴ӷ˳ӷѾˣʵôˣ
Źùã͸һɡ
ŶƳôĵҩں׼֮£ǽ𾳽磿
ȻҲһܺõ𣡡
ԯ˳ӷ磬Ҳˣ鵽Լ׹ùõɡ
ӷЦһҲ˵ʲôҩָ˳ˣҽеϸڣֻҪԼ˵ȥͶΪǿߡ
񷶦óʵ⾫ԪĹʵҲֻʱóóͬһʱ䣬Ҫϵҩһ·á
˸ӷڲ񷶦һճӷ˵ķַʵҩһͬȥССƼңȻǴˣһ֮ԴƼҽеĻƻ鷳
˻⣬Ƽң
ӷóһӵһ깦ĵҩ˵ɣȷ£ɹʧܣȿɡ
ûʵһͬ£ΪϾ̫ףϹʵ̫˷ˡ
̽ӹҩѾԹЩҩ̸ͬҪһԼĿǰ󲻵ľ磬ԼͱȽϼˣֻҪһĵطǳǰܣҲνˣӷЩҩʧˣʱٳԾˣ
Ƽҿֻʣ³ӷһˣӷҲͻȻһ£̴ԯһε֮Դ󣬾һ𾳽֣ӷȻҲѾҺˡ
ʢĳƵĺ׷ڣǳӷֱӰһķ䣬Ǹסġ
粢Ϥ˵ҲԲ浽ܣԣӷͲҪϵֱľƵ꣬ͼɳϿӡ
ôסĻϰ߰ɣ
ӷ뷿ʵ
Ķ˼еӵĶȻݳôÿĶ
ϲͺá㣬һССԸġ
Ȼʵ˾Ԫ
ȻܴҲ͸߹ˣûЩ¸֮ǰһûϵõκεĺô֮ǰǲܽģҪҲҪҵΪʥ֮󡣡
˳ӷһۣǺ޲ĽСӸԵֲòϾԼҪС棬غ
ڣ⼸ϲûзʲô飬Ҳ˵ǱûҲͷˣŻʵ۱Ǹˣڵ֪Լʥһȥ󣬶ҲӦ˽˵ߵ
šⶫҪôԣӦòҽ˰ɡ
񷶦óһʵ
һ⾫ԪĹʵ˿ĵ顣
̨㣬һķƾһʵС棬ָһСġ
˵꣬ӷûȥΪĺϷ˵ԼļƻС棬ָһС֮ʼ


1061 ս
ĶУŶթҲֻЩ¥ǫ̃һľɣƽʱͲĵ̨ܵȥ羰̨طǽĺȥ٣Ƚϰȫ
ӷƵ̨΢΢̣չһ룬Ƕ첻֮£Ƿǳģ
ȼһ֧̣ӷĳţ·ȴһеķǣϵĵӣҲһȫжʲô磬ӣ壬֮ģھĳӷ˵Ͳڹǻصǰڹ¶ԺǸʱǲʹ࣬ٻĿģ㱻ħڵĵԵҲû̫ź
ȥҲԶ˵ìܣСʱ㳤󣬳صСʱûǮʱ׬ǮǮˣΪǮաûȨʱۺȨ֮ˣԼһĸ߷󣬾ͻǰԼǶôɡ
ǮȨ䲻ܴһУû²ɣ٣ԳӷĿǰ˵ûǮûƣʲôһʧƵĹӣһѵĹӣκ˶ǰһţһҪκδ۵ģ
͸ЩҲ͸ƽ벻ƽȻȻģЩνıƣӭж⣬ˣ˭ıԼĻǱض֮֮ݺݵĽеĵ˸ڽ£µôǿֻҪһеļƻźˣʱֵı䶯ϵĸıԼļƻǾͿڲ֮ء
Ǳڴʲôע⣬Ŀǰĳӷ޷ȥʵģȥֵģ٣ӷȰźһУΪδ趨һϵеļƻȵ㹻ʱͲᴦʱĥҲĴˣԼΪӪõ˲ģ
һ̸֧ճһ룬ӷѾо֮гһССУ֮Դӿͬʱյ⼸ҲУĸУӿ˴֮Դ
ʼˣͬʱյһε֮Դܿ죬ͿԽ𾳽磬Դ֮ˡ
ӷϺޱ飬֮ԴǺǿСС֮Դᾪ硣
䡭
ͻȻڳӷ֮Уһǵص֮Դѹóӷ⣬յ֮ԴΪʲôͻȻǿ󣿡
һԴߣһ֮ԴǷǳҪģյʱԽԽãǶպķչҲ͸
뵽ʱӷʮСʱ֮Դڣֻһ֮ʧˣӷ֮ϵУȴά˴ԼһСʱŽɢȥ
治ΪʹߣʥǿߣǱ治һѽ
һСʱոӷʮСʱ֮𣬵ˣӷӵųѪܴﵽ̶ֳȵģʲôûе£ȻһСʱʵŮ˵¶ţ

ǿֻһӰ˾Ƶ̨֮ϣӷҲʱתԳԼ֮ˡ
СѾ죬ڵ֮ԴҲڿٵǿŮˣڽһʵûеҩ֮¾ܵЧȻֻһƷľ磬ɢ֮Դ˵ûоԪĹʵƾѾСıǼģɱԴҪö౶
û뵽ȻС棬ֱӵƷľ磬ӣ˵ĺ治Ǵġ
ûȷС棬ѾƷľˣٶӷٸʵֱƷľ磬ԴƣöãŮˣͿԻָԭʥ۷徳ˡ
飬ӷɲԪĹʵ͸ˣһŮ˸ԽˣǿֶƣùĿǳӷ硣
ô벻һ£
ЦˣǴѣ֮Ӧ໥Ŷԣôܶء
ӷװһѺõӣɲСʱŮˡ
ʲôʱٸҾԪĹʵ
㲻õģȻһȻڶΪָԭеľ硣
ӷ˵ǰǣܳԽҡ
ڳӷŲ񷶦ŵҩ벻Խǻǲ̫ܣ
˿̣ɫһ䣬˫۳ΧɨһȦ˵ӣϵԴ߻治١
Ŷʲô˼
װˣһǿžԪĹʵƷľ磬ܸоղţ˽Դ֮УΪǵľ벻ԶԣܸоǣҲܸͬоҵĴڡ
һû⣬Ϊǿѣ飬ҸͲôϵġ
ȻˣǾԶ㣬ﰭְš
ӷ𣬳ֵ˶̨֮ϣȻԼְţԼһλã׼Ϸˡ
ŮȻɱϾոС棬Ѿģ
𾳽֮һƷ֮ľһһأʮһƷǿսһƷǿҲ֣
֮ȻתڵѾɢ˳
֮ĳӷ簵һЦ˵ԯս˵ոС棬𣬿ɱϾǸ߳һƷǿߣԯӦŹùãͿˣ


1062 ͱ
һӵһȫµ֮ҪĵһʲôûȻʾչһһôĳ̶ȣͬʱҲԼ΢һ¡
ԯս𾳽磬˵Ը˵ԭ໥֮һµģΪӷļƻչͬʱֲ໥֮ϾڴͬһϣԼ˸Լ˴ôҲкôǣӷͽԯڶ񣬻һϲսˡ
Դûиˮ֮ǰԯһһĸ֣ĸ֣ѾճӷĽڵ̨ߣһԼһͬΪԴߵǿߣԯս⣬ʱͱ˳ңԯҲĸоʵԼ֮ϡ
𾳽֮һƷľһһأ㲻Ҫӷԯ˵Ҳܹĸо
ĸԯԲΪֵǿģǳȸĪĴȥս͸˵һˡ
ûλСΪӦƷľɣңǸһոսΪ𾳽ģ
ԯһƣղԸоԼڽ֮⣬Զĵطһڽ˾ǰŮˡ
ֻԯôҲ벻𾳽ȵزȻҲģ˵һĴҲ˶η壬֪ô̶ֳȵġ
ΪʹߣǺĴ󽫣һʥ۷ľǿߣôὫԯոս𾳽ļһĳ˵ҪԯӵĸΪһҲıӷˣġ
СҲڱǰ
ڵȻ䱬˳֪ԼڵոСдģǰˣӦĻ治֪ᷢʲô£ңҲ֪ŶԴߣ֮ΪԼ֮ϵԴߣǽ쵹ùĿɾԼˡ
ԯ˷ϻֻҪһ˶˸ߣͲҪκεĹ˼ˣͬʱڻʢһҸ߼Ƶ̨ϣҲǸոս𾳽ĳ䣬صͬʱڵɢ˳ûκε˵֮ɢԣ鷳ġ
ƵĳڣľظҪôڳӷıͰӣھһϵеһĹƺľظѾ˳ļƻ
û뵽ľظҪչͰӵжʱȴоһǿ洫
֮Դ
Ȼһ֮ԴֻԴ߲ӵеģڴ֮ԴԼǺԶƻǳԼģ⻪ʢ٣Լ֮⣬ʲôӵ֮ԴΨӷѣ
ѵӷˣʵ
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ľӰһѾʧ˷֮ڣ漴Ҳȥˣʡһ裬ȴԼ˱ƣЦǾɣðûˡ
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ľظ໥һۣ˵˫ɽ˵ϴһᡣ
ӵʵģ֮⣬޵ڶ˰ɡ
ľҲһ۾Ϳݡ
ǳȴû˵ڵ˻ȥ
кιɣʵ׳֣ҲԴߣȻΪԼ֮£ϾλǳҾС㣬ɱֱӶӷ鷳ˣһ᲻һУĺ׷ɱԼģһͺƻԼļƻڻû㶨ӷ֮ǰϳɲ֮٣
ľظʲôʲôע⣬ͻȻһ˹ȥ
ǲ㶯֣Ȼȶǣҵġ
ŭһΪѵģû뵽ȴȳˣΪϣ̲ˡ
죬С˳ӷȦס
ľ˵һ㶼û⻹ǳӷȦס
ԯǶԷģٽ˶˸˹ȥǾԶԷˣǸʱ򣬳ӷٳ֣˻ˣһǷԼһ飬ʼԼԼѣҲԳᣬúýѵľظһ٣յõʱãѵ޲ɣ
ޱ飬Ѿˣתȥ
ܣȻŹֱӾ׷ȥľںΣһǸç򣬿һȴӲݣĲݰĪ
ľΨһսѾǵ죬ϣʧȥսѣԼ͹Ԯˣʲôӷ綷ԣ֪ǳӷȥȦףľҲֻܸȥϣ鲻Ҫ̫źá
ӷ˾ƵĴ֮һ֮սԯʮ֮ԯѾ·磬ȻʵǰѾ֮𣬵ΪϾǶ˸߳һƷҪռˣԯʵǾԲܵģ
ӷϴſϷЦݣʱ򻹲ܹȥŹùý˸ˣҲ̳ȥ֡
˫һתӷ翴֮УһӰڰӰ󣬸ˣľظ졣
ӷ罫ڵϢصķǳãֻҪԼľظ޷Լģ
棬ҾǱͱһ͵ŵùɡ


1063 ʱѣĶһ
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ԯȴ룬ѾˣԯȻ֪ôǰһѷɽԭһתҪ֮Ըȴϣԯһûǳȥ
ͬʱҲԯķɽ֮󣬳չȥƫƵģĿպ׷ĵľء
ðŭ⣬Ƣ̫õһ˹ŭȻȻ˳ּԼ۷ϵ֣ǰ֮ƥУһˣΪľͬƷľ磬ٸоֵΪȫԼ֮£ǰֻ֪Ĵ֪Լ֮٣ȫԼĵˣرǳҵŮˣǷɱɣ
ľֹʱľҲѾֹˣѾȥ
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ľؿɱȵ쾫ˣһ˫۾ͣĳΧȥ뿴ӷ᲻ΧûΧ˺ľ˿û˳ӷȦף򣬽ԼҪԿˡ
ޱ飬ǰһһľأ˵ΪȫƷľ磬ԼһƷľ磬ǸոսһûϤ־Ҫ֮ӲƴĻȻռκεıˣᱻԷɱ
ǰĳ֪Уɻһսɽ죬ĿĲΪ˶ԷһȻˣֺαضأ
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㵱ڻǰûǰǵ£ѾҵĶˡ
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Ƣһ治ǸǳģӰһԯľظԱߣλãԣѾǰĸ˶˵ˣ໥֮ʶԼɲʶǣȻˣǻϻʲô
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ɹܲô࣬İϣûսѣʲôվԼĵˣϾǳҵĵ̣Ѿ˺ϵˣȫӦԼĵˡ
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Ʒǿ߶ƣûκζ˵ǵĻ̼ͿԽøˣֻ˶ƵķǳãֻһҪԷ̫Ķ
һ˫˺ü˫ð⣬Ʒ㵽ʲôˣ
û뵽СӵΪҲƷľ磬ӣСո죬ҪǼˡ
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ԯ֣̩ɽһսһ֣ȴû뵽ԷȴһŮˡ
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ٷϻȻѾˣĸһϰɣὫСɫ
ʥ۷ǿߵĽڵҪĿǰƷľԸͬΪƷǿߣټһƷǿߣⲻʲôս㹻ḻսǿУǳӷֺϷκһˣ첻


1064 
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ľؽŮ˵ΪԼͬһҲ˵Եһ֮ǾԴ򲻵ģԼٲ֣ܻᱻᣬȻǸ˳ۣϾڻͬһϣձϣԷӷ磬ν˵ĵˣԼѣľûκԱ߿һѡ
죬Ϊͬһһ֮ĵһǰһֽ
֪ôϻϹæ
ŭһͬʱѾһų˹
ŷ󣬴ǿԱһͨ⼸˸վԭһҲûǵٶʵ̫ˣ쵽۸Ϳ
ԭģʹҲŹСӣľ빥ԼʱԵЩˣҲû˽ĻᣬֻΪ÷عһСҳһԼһеġ
̨֮ӰڲͣţΧĿҲȫγһռ䣬뿪Ŀռڣûпһûˣ
ԯڶԺô˵һƷľ磬Ʒǿڶս˵ٻе㲻ӦӰ졣
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ﰭְŵġ
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ЦСѣӳƴˣǵΪ֪Ǽ٣ǴԵͬһˣСˡ
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Χֵסƾս飬Ҳ˲ӵӣ˾ԵıȽϻˣ˵ǽھأҪСģһһˣ˵ĽͻͬһʱԼѣ˹ԼĻȫλã
֪ȥ˵ǷغˣԼʥ۷ǿߣҪһˣ
鼱֮£ڱԯֹ֮£ͻȻڳǻһ𾳽ǿ𣬶ң˵Ϊĸ˶߳һ𣬲ңԼġѡ
Ӳм˰ֵͷʱҲò̭ϣ㻹æ
ǵĳӷļ磬ڶ֪ôˡ
ľظ춼֮˵֣ȴûġ
ԯһüͷ̫ӣŮڽ˭أ
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ңӷҪְҲҪ֮ƽľظ򷢵˿ӦĻᣬҲ˵ľظ˵Լ֣ԼർݳⳡϷǰ׷ѣԼݣ
ǾŰɣ湻ˣһʱٳʰо֡
󺰳ӷ磬ȴӰҲʹޣһòǼĸֳ֣ŵ˰ɣ
ļһͲӦ
дһ֪Ͳ̨ˣ¿ɺãո棬ȻĸԼǰͲļһвв
ƴĵֵס˵ĽľظĽԽԽ죬չֳԽԽǿԯ࣬ٶȣȫˡ
Ȼ˵ԯѾˣ֪ӷļƻѾɹͲԼ˳ʱˣҪ׼˲źãⳡϷݲȥˣ
ԯ໥һۣ˵ﶼѾʱ䣬ʲôʱˣҪպãҲ˵ڳӷֵͬʱԯҪ˵ٰ׵ľ룬ȻԳӷƷľʩչԼܵģ뵽ţԯĹѾڽֹͣľؼԯ˵ķԯһԸ˵ӦòıֲŶѽǵЩʲô
ľظֹס죬ĳ˵ףȴѾ̫˵㡣
ٲ֣Ѷûˡ
仰ǳӷҪЧ㲻˵仰һ治һ㣬Ȼ˵˴ѣǾºˣ


1065 
ԯ֮⣬Դ˶˵Ը˵ǾԲ˵ľٶģ֮ǰĳľسţ£һкܴ⡣
ֻľڻʲôط벻ԯȻĸԸİӷ£
ͷʱҲѾܲˣ͸¶ǹ棬ҲƵĳʧҪӷİӷ粻ֵĻԼɾ͵Ϊֹˡ
붼òֵ磬ûڳԶɽǵ϶ǿߵ£ȻҪƷСⲻ˭κˣ޷ܵʵʵʥ۷ǿߵ棬ڣ
ˣĸطĸˣʲô飬ȵʱǷǳоģ˾ԵİգҲǷǳ嶯ģԵһ㣬ǽԿƵٺõˣԾԵ֪ԼʵԼĴֽ֮Ϊʱǹӳ嶯ڣںڵ֮£ʱѾˣʧȥһУصģǶ
ԣںˣԼ֮ǰĳ嶯֪ģͲӦһ֮ȥԸĸǿߣʵ̫嶯ˣҲѾǣʵԼûоԵİգǰģڵġ
ԯѾʧΣôȥע⣬ǰľظ죬Ѿ޷ٽзˣԷֻҪʩչһԼҲͿԻϼˣǸϼңǺһƬõĺڰԲܴڰĺڰϣǳƬڰĵطΪ
ļһ֪ˣͲӦøʲôסСѾ죬кá
̾˿ппʵ۱£пԼȣͬʱҲпԼѽԼ̫ûˣȻһС˺ؼʱ̣ȻܵӰӶûˣ
죬⣬ҪʱˣϽŮ˸ɵ뿪˵ء
ǳ嶯һ㣬ҲɵϣǱ֮ˣôͳһɵԣȻҲкܴڡ
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һߣ˫۳ǾʱͻأһǵصӶ֮ľظͬʱ֣ҪʱϣǿֱӽԼ˵ȫѹסˣʹԼ˱˵֣һĿԵûˡ
С㣬Ҳ̫޳˰ɣѣôȥ
ͻľظ󾪲ԣľظȻһȻӷһΧΪʲô֮ǰԼһҲûвأ
ӷѾӶ˹ͬʱԼҲӷȫѹסˣ˵ϡ
ֻѽ
Сɷģǲҵܵκ˺ġ

һ̨һλãӷȴ֮ǰ֮ľظЦȴһ仰Ҳû˵ˣֻ񣬺˵һû뵽Ľְɣ첻ɱǣԲλѡľظǿжסӷǿ˵ΪϾޣƷľ磬ôܶסƷΪû뵽һʱ䣬ӷΪһ磬СҲ̫̬̫˰ɣô쵽ģ
Ҷҵѣ
ľظӷգӷôǽгԼ֣ԼⳡϷûһΪԼճĹϵԼɣԣӷľظ֮ǰ˫ִһӡ˶һҵɡ
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ѾɵۣԼΪʥʹߣ֮û˸ҶԼΪҲŵϺŵģû뵽磬ȱԶɽƵԼԻС棬ڣֳԲڳԶɽ֮µǿߣ⣬⵽Ǹô磬磬Ҳ̫˵ɣ


1066 
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Ҫ֪Ǿž٣ӷ綼Զɹɸղŵǵ׵磬֮ڳӷ񷶦£ԽӷʵҲѾ֤£ڱǵ׵ѹס£ӷûῪ񷶦˵Ԫ񣬽ò񷶦յ֮Դ֮Կˣ
ӷôҲ벻ϣԼ֪֮⣬ʲôˣǿ˵زΨһԿ϶һǣǸˣľظ챳֮ˣŴ˵ʵҲѹֿľظΪԴˣ
ΪʥʹߵҲǵûƽһķǳ죬ǵڶμǿһӵģǳԶɽû뵽ССĵ򣬾Ȼӵǿߣȫ϶쾳ǿߣ
Ϊʲô˳ϼһ֮⣬ڵУȻ϶쾳ǿߣҲ̫˲˼˰ɣ
̾˿ղţ̫ĶǣǿߣĿǰĺûһʵ۱£ҲûǵȾ磬֮ϣȻ
ӷҲǿЦһ˵ʵһұҪ㡣
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˵С㣬ͱҿЦˡ֪ĻҲǵȾ磡ǿߣʸʶ𣡡
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Ȼ㲻֪λǿʲôˣʲô˼
ڳӷǺ޻ɣҲûȥ룬ղžȳӷпܻǳԶɽϾʶĳӷ磬ԲκιϵģҲԼ򽻵ȻûϵǳԶɽͲܳ־˳ӷ磡
ӷ˵㣬ʵǺΣյģָˣǾ˵ǸȥɡңҲһȥһ죬ҲһΣգ
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˵㲻ôɡãңҲ㶪ҼסˣԺһỹġ
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Ļӷ粻˵ѽҲӦǿߣԶĻ˭֪ݣȻ֪ܵ黹ҪԼæԲ֪λǿߵݣ뿴ӷ᲻ΪΣնȥġ
飬鲻ĵͲܾԵˣֻҪһ仰Ҳһѣ
ãҴӦ㣬һᶯһеȥλǿߵġ˵ǰ棬ܽΣǷҵĵڶ顣
ʲôծûΨծûԼҪǹģɲܹԼѽ
Ҿ͵ĺϢˡ⣬ԪĹʵʲôʱٸң
治ܱ֤ΪǿҲڽһʱкҪҪ죬ĵȵȰɡ
ʲôԪ⣬ʲôط
ҵܣӦò˵ɡܶ˵ˣû̫ˣǻϣҪѧĵĵȴȴ֮ȥѧôȴĽܻ󡣡
ǵϵ˶ô𣿡
һֱ˵ȻǸΣյĵطͬʱҲǸĵطһϣĵطˣһҪһŽ𿨣ȫκһȡҪǮûƵģϤһɣֻҪסһ㣬ǧҪȥκ̸Ů֮ĸ飬Ϊ磬źܶƭӣǿʧȥġ
һ޽𿨽ⷽ棬ӷɲȥʹǮϰãǴ


1067 
ľظͺʧһӷұʢ٣Ҳ˵䣬ؼǱҲһ㶯ûУǼһȻת³ӷ粻֪Ƶġ
裬ӷ絽ڶûʲôԼǰҲʶôһѽǶʴ۵Ĵ֮⣬Լǰ·ӶϣһΪʲôľߵһ𣿸ľһ𣬺ҪԸԼģҰĹԼȡԼԭ򣿿Щӷ粢ûзϣԼĵˣԼĳҲ٣ÿһˣһҪϸȥƻһȥһ̫ˣЩɣӷֺξ塣
ӷ粢ûжֵ֣ܣǵתǽľظԼҳҲԼΪһﾾˡ
ϰѾϢ˵ƼӷȥƵһˣԳӷĹƣϰǸˣӦ֪ʲôʶʱΪܣӲҪԼΪѵĻ³ܲңӷɲʮΪԼЩʲôǵ鱨ɸһˣһҲͬʱϣпƻԼļƻԣ۲ΪԼõĻضΪԼ
ϰľƵʱպǳӷ涨ʱ䣬һǸӷ絽һ칫ңŷǳŨйŵζװ껹ǰƷȫйĹŶϰ廹һƷζ칫䶼ǹŶȴȫڹŴЩùģڹŶŴ˽ĳӷ磬Ȼһ۾ܿ
ȻϰЩŶϹӵеЩѷɫ࣬һŶȱݵģǾµĴݲУѾûԭľ
ƲʮͼɼطȫƷû뵽漣ȻϰС
ӷվһӵʮ˵Ļǰһ۾ֱܿʣ
ϰս칫ңӷ˵ĻȴһҲӷ۹⡣
ӹȻ鴫黭ͨ
ͨ˵Զѡ
ֻԶĻôֱܷĳƲ漣Ϊʮͼм֪ʮͼʵֻоŸ˶ѡ
ȷ⸱Ʋ漣ϣֻоŸˣûеʮ治֪Ϊʲôʮͼ
ӣϰҲǰ֮ѽ
˵һҲֻԶˣҪӶָ̡ΪʲôֻŸˣȴ˻Ϊʮأ
ӷת˵ʮһˣеŮˣҲ˵һϵ¡ָߵͣȴֹƲųʫ˫ôҲܻǵ֮
ԭˣܽˡֻ˵֮㱾ûаɣ
˵ϵҪʲôˣҵǰҵǷǳġҵĵǰҵģͻʱֶı䡣
̫׳ӵ˼
Ҳ˵ҵĵˣĳЩǿԱõģкôģҲǰչֳϵҵĵһǴҴԵĻҵ;ԲκεԣıȽϱ̬
ӻڲͬѽѵν𣿡
ҲãҲգҵĴڣΪһ˶ģҵϣ縺̫ĶһСģߴһģͲһˣԣҳӷӲԼ߳κεӲݣһˣҾͻþһзеӲݸնݳԾ󻼡
ϰɫ΢䣬ӷ⻰Ȼ˵ԼģԼڶôͬʱеˣҲкܴôһԼĵˣͻ̽ԼĲ
ӲһڲͬˣһǳµˡΪУʵûаôԣѾǸѱȽϺã
֪ϰǲҲǸԵ֮ˡȻϰΪҸ׵һ飬ҳҶʮ꣬ǽҲɱ㣬ۣҲһɣ
ųӷ⻰ϰֺЦҲ̫ˣԼ˵вԼȻ˵һԼǲ̫޳˵㣡
˵Цô˿ҳԷȻҪܳӵˣȻ˿ɾͶˣ
ǺãȻϰԸ飬Ǿ͸Ҹ׵ҪһٰҳҶʮ꼰ɡ
ϰûѪٰʮǰǰʮˣԼмʮѽӣʨ󿪿ѽԲԼһ֮£ԼֲòӦ
ã˵ôôСڳƥǵǰҲֻܳˡ
ǣϰ壬֪ʵĲǲң˵ĸǲʺҡ
ȻѾӦ˰㣬ڣǲǿұ֤˺κһԱ
ֻҪϰģȻ顣סҪģǾԵģһҷϰڱͱҵӣǺϰԸ
Ϊ۵ͷͷӷΪˣӷһ˵ĳĵң᲻κһֶΣȥĿģڣһܺõӣȣϰ̾磬һʮǧ
ӷġˣȻѾ̸ˣڻȳԵ㶫ɣųҲ˰ɣ
ˣЩˣӦñҸ㻹ȥ׼óԵİɡ
ӷָָ棬ϰͷ󺹣Լ۵ܲҾ¥֮£Ҿ¥ҲֻǸΣЩԼ۵ܲڴδ֪Ҳδ¶û뵽ң֪ˣѹӷ˿϶˵Լˣ飬Լͱ¶˳ҵУ
ΪطѾˣɻǱӸˡ
У㣬ϰû
ȻˣҾͲˣľظϣ֮ڽ
ܺáǾȸˡ


1068 ̥
Խƽı棬еӿԽǿң
ʢ˱Ƚ϶࣬ȻοͣǸҵĴУйձ˱Ƚ϶࣬ȫĴˣǸҵʦЩˣڣȫۼ˻ʢ١
׹
°ȼԪȫۼ˻ңŽᷢһʴ£ʴ±͸һϵûУ֮£Ϲһ¾±ҪҲΪ˹ƽ
ͳ£¸ڣйձٴεĽˣôǲǸѡһվ
ԽʮҵĽ𷢸ʵ
°ΪҲͷʹˣһձˣȻǵйΪͳܹжôǿ󣬶׵ȥκһңСĹҲУȫ˵ԼĲǣǰЩ˵ʱ򣬾ͷܶԣ˵ԼôôĲãȻԼǳԭ򣬵վȺڵ˵ǰ˵ģ飬򲻵ѣ°ȥɣ
ߣֽйѾǰйˣѾİойεϯԽ죬Խһݿǳˣ°Ҳ͵õϢԶɽΪ˾ϱйϯ֮λǻһԼ󲻵ľ޿йĹ⣬зľ»йίйǿ֮£һˣǼӭģһǰδľѽ˵εսҲֱչˣ
ܳΪĵһԪףκξ֮ǰȽеĺ°ǵйֽǿƣһҸԼ׼ңͳȥձͬʱҲȥйԸձҪ鷳Ҳ˵һΣվȫеĹңƶ°ͬ뷨ȥйձ֮顣
Ȼܶ鲢һ˵ľ𵽾õģȫеĹйձվЩеˣɾͲ֪ô뷨ˣǸеЩҪԱƶ٣йձһĹϵҪԱҲһڰиƻģейеİձеⳡʴ˾жֽţеĴıһйձ֮ⳡʴ˾ĳֽǶ˵ͱһսһս˫йձ˫ʿȫеЩҪԱ
ҿһ˭ҲȽϺá
ڵȫµλͳ»˵ǵôģֻԼ֪
ˣĻ͵ΪֹϾεĹ˾ڻʢչΪ˵ģҲܵ˿ˣйձ˫ĴҪúд
°˵꣬һҲȥκˣֱ߳˻ң
ڰ°İ칫ڣһѾڵŰ°ˣ°칫ңʵͳ£鿪ˣ
ţˣҿЩһﶼǸ˼ѽ
˼ǣǻⳡʴ˾иƻ
ΪĵġȻ뷨ҲǣΪͬ뷨
ͳķ
ĿǰŻδǨƻйȻǳ˶Ѿ˵£Ǹı䲻ˡһ뿪ʧܴ󣬰˵ӦվձǱߣǶԸйġֵģһ֪£̳ϣܻǹҲǸʱǹҵľþͽ⡣
˵ͳµĵҲ޵ȫҵ϶ǰҵУҵĵԣԲǵ򣬵һڶߺЩҵҶţ
ڷǳͷʹ治֪Ǻãձ±й֣³Ǳ߻ʵڲ֪ôѽ
ͳ£ҿλø˲ͬȻⳡʴ˾չ˵˭ҲѽֻΪһȥⳡϷ
˵ҲԣһһɣϹľƾһ֮ҲܷģֻϣУҪʲôźã
·һߣ°ʵǱߵûнչ
˳˳˵ͳ£ʵǱǸǵˣĿǰûм޷ӳϣ֪ӷ飡
ôӷǸص㣬Ҫþһзҵ
ǣǻᾡһҵӷġͳ£һº֡
ʲô£
Ҳйŵġǵع֣ŵ߲ŵļ̳Ӵ
ʲôŵĸ߲ŵļ̳м̳У
ǵġ
ûи
ûУΪǵһֱڶţŵи߲Ҳ⡣֮ܲµ߲㣬ŵļ̳˽ӴҲֹһεĽӴ
Ŀʲô
ӦҵϵһЩ飬ǵ˻û
Ǿͼ£һҪ˵¿ܻǵתҲ˵
õģͳ£Ҿˡ
ȥСһ㣬Ҫκ˷ˡ
ף


1069 ڽ
й׶
ϺԽй쵼ˣԺί˴ίȣ˾ӶߣȴմȨүӣȫۼ˻ʡеĵһ֣Ҳ֮ڸϵǣμһȫ쵼˵Ľ飡
ڵط쵼˿һʱĽ飬ԼҲŽӵ֪ͨģӷɻּĸϹھ쵼ȴ֪ⳡ飬Ѿ׼˵ģͬʱⳡҲǹϵ˽ʮйĻ飡
ΪϯԽ죬Ѿľ˵һ飬⻰䣬Щطϵ쵼ȫΪԾû뵽ҪӲˣΪЩйͬʿֻһĲݣ
λүȫԽԱߣĿǰλүӻû˵ϾѾ˾˶ߣﻹŴȨ£Ҳεһ׳ΪףԽ߰벽㶼õĻʣôȥⳡʹ˾
Ƕиأ㣬йõģֻеʱõеͷˡ㣬Ҷģͣ
ڴҾͶ˵˵Լ뷨ɣⳡʴ˾ʲôõĽ飬ȫ˵ֻҪǶⳡ˾ģ˵Ҳûϵ
Խ˶ʼ׷֪˵Ӧöͬ뷨ڳж̰٣ҲжûĹ٣ӲƽڵطΪϰ£٣ⳡʴ˾ϣһµģ㶼ûˣǹڳкܶǹγӵȫȥ
׳Ҿûʲô˵ģѾѽ
ֵһر⡰Ѿġ쵼ȫݺݵͷûκһ˻ȥֵֹĴֱԣεĻ飬ҪľЧ
Ž˵ûҲǵһδЩСˡڸλүӵĴ£浶ǹĴ򣬶ڣǾùʷȥ򣬴Ѿƨҷһ
׳ҽǰ˴ĸȫȥʮλҲһȥʱСӸҸģ˵ĻǾֱӰЩȫˡ
վ˵׳ͬ⡣
׳Ҹ͡
׳

ã⻹ǿ𣬸һʼôһͺɱģңվȫǾӵĽҲǸнѽЩһǰɴûôŽѽһ˵Сձ˻ҩƵģ
үӿЦһ˿үǼүȫǿЦҡҡͷЩСӣһҲϴСˣһҲǧˣôôĻ𱬣㵱ݵӰأ˵ϾɱĲҰѾˣôϵڡ
ԽҲǿЦԣԼղŵ˼˸ܹӮⳡʹ˾ڣǸ𣬸Ҫձսѽڵй䲻ηκһңһ˾㵽ɵսԼйһҲκˣ
ЩȫѪǳȻ鶼ҪˣҪƽ²ܣڳ˾֮⣬Ĺ٣һҲǺõġ
ڻһ䣬طϵĹԱ˵ôоƵģʱͲǸձˣᷴձ˺ݺҧһڵġ
ǣЩһͷԣ˴ɱɱ֮ǻܸʲôǴǹȥĻǹҪ¡
쵼ǽһ˶쵼ѽҲѾڹԺְˣ㿴ǲǸ˵䣿
Ϊ쵼˴Լʮӣ⼸һ͸֮࣬Խ쵼ΪطԱٵ
ЩҲǵģᣬںɱˣձ֪ҪΪЦˣ
ԱһȽ˵ȻǼλЩ˵ķ⣬ǴɿǵԼûУ˵ǲĻǾͲӦ˵ˡ
䣬ȴǺܴΪҶ棬طϵļһһģ˵Ƚ⣬Բʲô١
Сӣ㶮ʲôǫãٸǲһ¡
ҿǸûκεɣȻûУǾҪһ±ˣܱ˵Ǻǻ٣Ƕǰľˡ
Сӣʲô˼ѵǾͲ𣿡
ǣʲô⣬Ҳʲôطקʲôק
Աߵû⼸һһ֪Ǽ̰١
ˣҪˣ׳ʲôɡ
⼸һۣǰнҲûֹͣںɱ
˵׳ȥɣҲԴѽ
Խ˵֪ǶʸҲѪľˡⳡ˾䲻𣬾Բܳκε⣬Ǽ͸ʵʵԼڣ˭Ҳʲôȥ
׳ǲµģ磬Ǿ˽˵ȥֻȥô
ѽ׳ȥɣǱ֤ỵµġ
׳ɣ
׳

ЩһﻹûûˣԽڶ֪ô˵ǣ֪֮ǰӦȸǴкεĻ飬ֻԺƽܺɱģ
λүҲǲ֪ô˵ǣϾҲǳ֮ģѵ˵ǵĲ˵ˣԼ⼸ʮЩСӵĽ̵Դ͡
λү³˭Ҳ˵
ǼȿֺҪȥеҪе˽˵ȥҲɣֻҪԼȥ֮⼸ʮλȻΪ˭Ҳϣ˵泳
֣Ѿʲô˼ҸŲȷһȡ
ģ㻹Żˣ־ͷ
СƤ˰ɡ
⻹쵼ѽĻýôĸƦƵġ
ʮʮٴĲ˵ǣСĲ˵ǣۿųҪЩˣͻȻڻһ䣬һŭ
ȫұ졣
ڴС쵼ȫתͷȥ˭ѽ治һĵѽҲǰ涼ЩʲôȻҽǱ죬㻹Ǹ棬ССС쵼ǲ˰ɡ
ղں۵ļһҲɵ۵ĿŷһŭˣǲǸɵѽԼ˭ˣԪ˧𣬾ȻҽЩ죡
ڳеĹԱźɫװŪŮԽҲһеľ˶žΨλϴ̫ͨ˵أһװǾ𣬻ߣʸǲһߴطˣӦȥԺģ
û˸ȥһȣ˲Ҫ񾭣ϾǰЩձȨľ󽫸Щزŵѽ
ŭվǰһĽһ˫۾ÿһ˵Ͽһ£ֻһۣǰеĽȻͷûһ˵ˣ
һĻúܶųһ亹
ô£ʲôѽһ񣬾ȻеĽҸ˵ûˣҲֲ̫˰ɣ
ûУʵ
ֵһһҲ˵ţưǣǣҲȫ˭˵
˵˵ͷԽ˵׳Լˡ


1070 һ
е쵼ڶ֪ղǸ˵˭Ľ˵ӦһطϵСԱˣֵطֳϣûʸ˵ƫƫǴΪûʸˣȴһ仰һ񣬽ڳн£ȷǷǳѽ
˱ŭһ˶ٺɱˣⳡҪĿľΪʲôõĽ飬ò˵ɱģ𲻵κã˶£һЩȫܵȥˣֳָʲô
λүӰһЦڳԼ֮⣬Խ֮⣬ڳһ˿ԽЩһⳡҪֿˣ
ԣ˼λүӸԽ֮⣬ټйֻһˣԽЩ˲Ҫ룬ԼӢۡ
Ӣ۱ǲ˵ģίǱߵְȻѾȴûʽΣⳡϣӢ뱣ŵ͵ҲΪʮṳ̂Ȧˣμⳡ飬ֻ뿴ǰԼЩһ˶ĳȴϣһǸǰһôĳ嶯
ȻʮǰӢ۲Ǻö٣ΪʮѾıӢۣӢ۲ϵĳƽ죬ӢۻǵһܵȥµĴͷˣ
ںļطϵ쵼ҲǸӢһļط쵼ˣһڹԺСְλļһʱӢ۵ȫˣû뵽һﵨôڵͬʱȻҲ߱˵ϣڳнƨҷһ
طϵ쵼һЦӢ۵˵ͷʾʺõ˼Ҳ֪ģ⾩ǣһԻĵطֱָһͷĹͷ쵼ˣѵԼһˣҲǸ򵥵Ľɫ
쵼ʲôˣ
һ治֪ǰδ
ͷӦòСѽȻôܽнȫס
һ仰һܽнסģ֪˼λүӸһ׳֮⣬Ӧûѽһݣ湻صġ
ʱ߽һŮˣһԼʮŮˣķǳҪĻ黹ҳٵɼŮ˵Ҳ򵥡
ŮһȻǲǰܵģ֪ԼٵˣҲ
쿴þµѾͷѽͻôСʲôط쵼𣿡
ϻܳҲһ쵼ˡ
Ҳһλ쵼СҲ˵
ǼǲǲˣĽݴСҲ˵£ĻһȫؼҳԼȥ
쵼˵ĸĽݴС㣿
ϻĽүӵŮ֮⣬ĽݴС𡣡
쵼˵ģصǸĽ飿ҹΪ쵼ˣ
ûǿǧ˵ĽݴСĽүӵŮ֮⣬ͬʱɻϯõˣ˵ϯİŮء
Ůϱ
˵ɡ
⼸طϵ쵼ŸոյĽ飬Ҳ֪ǲɺϣĽȻֱӳ˹
ˣ
ѽĽݴСݣôλá
ٵˣӦò˼ǰȥɡ
ĽϴЦ⣬һЩ쵼óһ·£ӢߣֱӢߣʵСˣôѽ
ӢЦʲôطһ㣬飬ԺҪһ㣬Ļٳٵˣı˵л
ԲСˣǾĳ̫ˣҸ·ɻ͸Ϲˣ·϶³
Сˣ
ʲôЦĽȳȵ˽СˣĽݼʲôʱôһ
ԱǼطϵ쵼໥һۣȫһͷӣԼˡ
δλ쵼ǡ
뼸ط쵼һĹԺС쵼׹ϵɲܵѽ仹Ľľ˾ˣ
Ӣۻش𣬾ͼǰԽѾߣʵԽⳡʴ˾ûʲôõĽ飿
һ仰ȫתͷĽ䣡
Խ
ɣĸԽôλУԼҵ֮⣬ȫûԽˣλʲôѽ
ӢվͲȥԱ߼һ˵һ׳հ
ƣ˼ңѽЩһһ䣬һģҲ˼׳ֱӳĳ۵ۡ
ӢΪԽֳʧʮĻϯλģϾλԼӣӢۿɲԽΪѣԼ˵ĻһԽĲһ£Ǿ鷳ˡ
Ȧ˵£ҪһСĽ׸֮䣬ҲҪиִ磬˿ԼҵЦ
ԽûӢ۵ǳʱԼλֳչȫ쵼ǰϾ֪Ӣۻؾ˲Ǻܶ࣬ίǱߣҲҪҸû˶֪
λӦû֪λʲô˰ɣŴҲ֣Ҳ룬ղΪʲôҽн졣ڣҾʽҽһ¡
ԽʹһͬʱнҲȫվ
Խ˵ԽλѾôˣڣҲʱȥˡ
Խ컰䣬ίǱߵ쵼ˣҲȫҽһΪҪλӸ˳˵λӣӻ鿪ʼڣûģԽߵһλӡ
ڳ쵼֣ҲΪǲλ쵼ûģΪʲôϯߵλǿյģ벻λ쵼û֡
ڣһĻķͼӢһȳһյĳǰͬʱڽǰӢһͬӭ׳ؾ
ӢǰҲһͬʱѾһ׾װ͵ӢС
Խ˵λشӦûļǵģʮǰҹУһλ͵ľˣΪΪķף֮£෴֮ϡʮǰѾҹˣΪĳЩϵʧʮֱ꣬ǰűҹѰأˣʮǰҹΪͳ˧Ӣۡ
Ӣۣ
ʮǰľԼҵӣ
ɣʮǰѾսôֻ˹
һ˫˫۾ӢۣλӢѽ뵱꣬ԼӣսȴӢ¼ȫУǸõ񻰣һӢ۵񻰣û뵽Լҵӣ񻰣ȻţȻʱˣ
үǼλ֮йӵһˣݣû˿ȡĹûûĨʧʮ꣬ͬйеĵһ䣡


1071 
¸ʮ꣬Ӣ۵ͷûΪѶؾû䣬෴Щھ̳УǸ˶ԼֵΪԼİЩΪĸԼֵΪһõȥ̵ǵԼȻԼŮĽüԽйĵһλŮϯʹԼҵʤ
ڣӢۻŻؾǶʱѾֵȫǷзˣɺܶ˶֪ҲȷϢǼ١
Ӣ۵ȷǻĳȫ쵼˵ǰЩ½쵼ûӢۣܶ쵼˵ҲûʸӢۣڳһǾ쵼ɶϳˣǾӢûȻĻţŻˣԼ˵һĺ£Щ뷨˵ɾĻˡòϣӢ۵Ļع飬ɸйӣԼЩ֪Լͷļһ˸ӴĴؼʱ̣йձֻعʱ̣ɵģָȫ쵼һصġ
վԽߣǼ򵥵ĽɫԽߵλʲôģҲǳڼȻû˸ӢλɼЩʸλӵˣӢۿɶǴĵﾴѽ
ЩǾ׳زŵ׳ʮǰԼӵĺֵܣӢ۸ͬ㣬ۿӢվ˸еλϣҲѪһεĻ˵꣡
λүڶ˵û뵽ԽȻʱӢ۸ƳӣӦԽΪģᣬӢʽίϯλá
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׳ⲻǿЦİɣ
ѽ׳⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣһǧعǱǹңǾȻһ㶼֪ңǾǾһٶձع⣬⡭
ձع֮⣬ģӢˣ˹ģȵȹң˵ȫǰʮ֮ڵĹңɳһٸعǹǹкܶعǹҵ쵼ˡ˼ͥ
мһλϵȻ˵׳ⲻܣ˵ձعôܣйˣôձˣ
Խ˵ҲҪôԾ˵ϣȫԼɡ
ֽһϽǸˣԽɫԽǲ԰ףԼͬʮӣȻձعңԼϣռ˴ߵ鱨ձǰ꣬ĳһƻ˶ƻģձȵˣʹʧһʵʽ
׳ܾΪϣ˵ձعҪ㹻֤ݲСңЩϵԴҲǻɡǹҵ쵼ˣǵĶŮҵҲǵĶŮܻձعġ
Ҳֻˣ˽һ绰ʱɫļΪѿ
˵ӵѾ¶Ǳӻձ;ȴǵ˸֪Ǽ٣Լȥɡģй֮ǵӲֵ̫飬Ӳûܵκε˺ͷձˣѾǹС
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ö˵ˣɷӢ鱨ֵģ㣬ԼȥɣѾ
㣬Ϊ쵼ڹԺҪְȻ⣬ϵĺϻˣعϣ˺ܶйҪ鱨
飬һӾͷʮʮҲ˵ڣʮʮˣ˳ȥ
ΪЦǣЩ쵼УȻֱһձعһ֪ôģίְ
Խ˫һתͬ⣬ǰһԼʮˡ
˿ˣһֱӳԽ˹ȥ
ã
׳
飬飬顣
ֱӳ嵽ԽǰԽ죬ӲһӦֻ˵ǰͻȻֳһˣԽǰһһɳ徢Խ˸ڵء
˫۷ŽԼڵصˣѾˡ
㣬㣬ô
Խǰ˲м˼ֻǸ·
㣬ô
ҪҶ֣㻹㡣ԼԼɡ
顣
˵ձ켣ίʮعһƴĶͷϣǰˣѣط¶࣡ǸλҾͲˡ
˱߳ȥߵȼ֧̣ſʱͣһ½Ųת˵ʲôˣӦû֪ϣӻʮʱռģǲŵĻȻңһᶯŸҵһĽ
ţң
ѵǡʨۣ
ʸëѽɸƨѽ۶վˣѵϣ˸ȥɳ˵Ļ𣬾ӵˣҲȥѽԳ۵˵ûҪκֶȥƭκˡ
һᣬȥʲôط˿ȥֹǹؼʱ̣ΪһйˣҲΪˡ۵ʱ䲻̫࣬һСʱһСʱ֮Ǳǹҵعµ
µ
εΣǿᣬɱѽλʨôģľвõ鷢߶û˵۾ѾЩع̣


1072 Ӣۣ
˭û뵽ⳡ۹ʴ˾ȫ쵼˻ȻܱʮʮԱȻЩعйϵǷ޹ϵм쵼ˣԭձɵйعò˵ʵ̫ˣһڻֱֳⳡʴ˾ӦԲߣǻһʱ䴫ձȥйߵʱɾ䶨ˡ
Ӣʮռ鱨Щعһѽϳ۷ųݻЩعһҲܲˣûܾȵǡ
ֱʱⳡʴ˾һû۳е쵼ҲѾ֪ԭⳡȫ쵼˵Ļ飬ĿģҪ۹ʴ˾飬ҪᣬЩعȫҳһҲŹҪֶȥץعĻƻǸˣڣԽ˫£ڿŻͬʱȥץЩعͲκε֮ˣЩعҲû뵽ԽȻһС
Ӣ۵飬ԽҲεĻ飬ʽӢΪίϯνһ˫ѽλԴϯ죬˶۾
ձĹʹ˾ȻˣҲɵڻ֪ⳡʴ˾κ£һСϸڣɶǹҵ߻ѽôܻᵱڸ˵ɵɣ
صԼҵʱѾˣһ֮ڣԽҲһй̳һЩ⣬ҲʮķչǳϸĽӢӢ۱Ͼǳںɫ壬ԼžĳƺţԸͲҪԽ̫ĽͣӢ۾Ѿȫˡ
裬أ
صҵʱԽһʱҳۣҲպڽ죬ǵģԴӳӷȥ֮󣬳һֱæų飬ֵһ˰оǸҵǿ߽һЩؼ⣬ֱ죬ŵִﾩǡ
˵ڽŽӷ֮ԼͻھõĶ֣Ҳ̳ϸˣʵһ棬һǼ١ǳ۵ȷھǳסԽߣٵģȻйҸ飬Щ£Ҳܸѽ˵ˣ˻ΣֻƭԽһˣһӶ֪ģ
ѾˣںԺء
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磬һ£ҽ
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ǱһڲͣĶųңһҳ˾ԵǿߣǱض޴вʲôʱвǺһᶯֵġ۵̣ǷֹԳҲֱ޵ʱǳ۵޴֮ҲͲȥĺԼ¶ˣ
һӣ۾͸Խ˿ӢۼۺҲվԽʽһ¡
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۴ЦһӣȻʧʮ꣬ͷڡ
ңҵҲھˣʮ޵ѽ

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Խӻ磬ǽгͱˡ
˶٣ԽԳ˵ҲҪѧϰһ£أأֻѡɱˣѵ㵱ɱĻ𡣡
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ٸףҲ¡Щع취ҳģһ˾ٲˣ˽Ұɡ
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𣡿ô˵
ʲô˼
ǿʱ򲻾Ѿ˵ֻЩعһСʱʱ䣬뿪Ϻ֮һСʱЩعѾʧˡ
ˣɱǣ
ҿûκˣֻ˵ڵĻȻȥִеģ㣬Ӧú
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Ӣ˵ۣҲ˵վЩ˵ĽǶȣҲΪǵĹҶѣǹңҲɳ˺ܶعҵģ
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¿鷳ˣձһ£ڹʴ˾ϳ״ѹǵġӢۿһԽ죬¸ôѽɲҪûԼйձձѾȸԼйˣҪϺüһ
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ѽǳҵɱģ˭𣬻Ĳͷ˰ɣ
ˣȥǧҪӰ쵽ձĹ˾С⣬һһҪ졣
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Ӣ˵죬˵ûҪӷġңӷȥ֮ǰǲǶѾӦòʲôġ˵ˣӷ绹ձĳЩ飬ձǸʣҲҪΪ¿һ¡
˵ʵڲġҵĶҲҪȥҵԲġ
˵ϵĲмκ⣬ֻҪĲУԶߡ
ӢЦ˵ûֻҪĲУϵ⣬Զ⡣
ʱӳŲ߳˵ȳԷɣʲô£ȳ˵
۵裬ҾͲڼҳˣҪȥ顣
Խʵʲô˼˵ھǳסȥʲô£
ЦЦ˵Ҳʲô£ȥһѣ˳㣬һµһŵܿͻ
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ȥʲôˣɲҪָʲô³У죬ҪңҲˣ
һҲԣǧٷʮǰˡ׷ȥʱԽͣ˽Ų룬֪Ҫȥ˭ˣ
Ӣ˵죬ɷ򣬿ǸĴӢѽ
ۡ
ԽЦ˵磬˵ЦɣӢۣǸԵۣ


1073 ټ
Ķʲôطɽˮݲ֮أĵطȴõȥϾǻҪΪԼΪ˼ͥŬţɽˮݣɲܵѽֵأʻѾǵֵˣ
ĳûɽȴˮûвݣȴлһСӣһСţΧ˹ֲĻűߣһҹ̯ӣһֻˮȵҹ̯ӡ
ȻЩĺԺҪ࣬ҹ̯ϵ⻹㲻ģƽĽַϲˮȻȥ˯Ϊرǣˮ̯ϰ壬Ǹѽ˵ѾʮȴûƵıߣıֵķǳãŮˣһ֪ûӵġ
Ů˵ϴأæµ⣬ַˮȡ
סѾʮˣ˶ʮˮȣ˵ʵ벻ͨԼ޻˼ңݳ޵Ϊʲôʮˣˣһ굽ͷǹη꣬С̯ӣڵȴʲôƵġ
ʱԶΪ־Ҳ߱ɱŮ˲֪ԼˮȣطãɲôȻѾôˣΪеһ˿ϣǼֵİȥ
ټ˵һôŮΪʲôŹأ͸˵δȢδޣǾʹճһ԰ɣҿԱ֤ӣɱںϰٱ
ҹˮֻ̯ʣһˣһʮˣϴװԱ߻ͣһX5һ֪Ǵרˮȵģߣӵġ
ټŮܺÿһϵ룬˵ĻɵЦСӣҿɱʮ꣬ѵȢһܵ㰢̵𣿡
⻰˵ģ֪Ҵܶ࣬ɰ飬ԶġֻҪԸ⣬ҪʲôҶ㡣
ټЦ˵ʵǵʺҡ
ټ֪㲻ϲеҲԴӦ㣬޸ҵĻ㻹Թڵô
ҵ˼ˣҵ˼˵ҶʮǰʵûȡX5ҲֻǮ˰ˣҵ꣬һɶX5ֵǮѽ
ټ˵ĺףڱ˿ڴţˡ˭֪˶ʮ̯ӣһֵǮ˵Ц
ΪټķԼģҲ̫⣬ЦȻڲӦңţһӦġˣҲҪ̯ˣȥϢɣһ¶Ǯ
ˣعС⣬پİɡϣǰҪˣʱ仨ŮϣȻҪõĶࡣ
̾˿ʵԼˮȣÿټͻһٲԼǮģΪ˳Ͱɡ
˲˵ʲôųˡ
ټʰһУҲѾˣûȥϢˣÿϣֻСʱ⣬Ӱ˵㵽ʮ㣬ʮδٵҲδ˹
ټｫ̯ʰãȥʱȴ֪ʲôʱֳһˣмϣ
˼Ҫ̯ˣɡ
ûתֻⶼɲСѽ
ॣ
ټе룬˵ϣˤ˷顣
ѾԼʧʮȻڴʱ˿̳֣ҸԼǵǸһ仯ûС
ʮˣԼط̯ʮˣΪģǵ˳𣡹ȥĶʮԼʧʧʧԼ壬ҲΪʧ˾ҪŲȥˣû뵽죬ڱԼȵˣ
ǣ˵ٴγ֣Ǻ
ټﻹļǵģʮǰ˴Լʧǰһ̣ǷųݻģٴγԼǰʱǸʱҲԼյʱ̡
ȴ˶ʮ꣬ԭǵȴԼΪİٴγ֣ģȴһ
ǸټĶ߲ͣǻţټ죬ҷŹ㣬ΪԶǵģ´γǰʱҲʱ򡣲ҪҺģҪ֣͹ļ֮ĺ㣡ҲӦòǣãôеģʱǰĿధ㣬㣬ȴһҲĽ飬䣬̽ţֻΪ棬ɰϧ
ãѽԼһãһãһһֻΪˣֻΪѣԸһеãһĵӲƽκµãһ˼ҳЦ˼ҷ۴̣ȴֻһ͵͵޵ãӲκߣӲΪԼί˷գǣһôõãȴǱԼɱģ
ԼʹԼĽԼʹԼȴǳΪģֻΪԶһ˹ذ
ټۿˮʱԵĻԼصǰĻԼһ᷸ͬĴ󣬲ԼãԼ壬ΪԼĹϵԶԶʮǰȫңڳΪһʷ
ǸʱټҲ˵ǵһμĵطٴγ֣ܵȶãȥֻϣҪԼȻԼжõΣԶ޷ˣ
ټﺬᣬȴЦݣߵǰһˮȣҲһУһˮˣҪã
һ£ûһζ棡
һˮȷϣټҲѾ˵ߣֻһ̣õ˵ͬȻֻһˮϣ


1074 
ˮȣ˷·ˮп˵ǸСõӰӣˮ÷ȣǸСõϲԵһʳͬʱˮȣҲԴǸСãˮǰĽྻǰаϣҲһŮˣ
ǣ˲ûгԣһҲûȥӣ̾˿˵죬ļգ
˵Ļټ˫ֳˮѽõļգԼҲĵõļ죬ˣԲֵģ
ôȻһֱ˵飬ܾãԼѾˣԼɱԼ֮󣬾ͲڸκεĽˣôһ죬ҲȡԼģ
ʵͲҪԹֻҪ˸Ҵһ仰Ȼȥõġ
ãã㻹ʸĽ𣿡
ȷԼûǸʸˣѾûʸˡ
֪֪ǰһ̣˵ʲô
ҡҡͷԼõ̽ŵͬʱ˸պøϵһĻԼʱԼȴѾˣڽĴ¶档
ҲҪ˺㡣
Ը˵Ҫƭһ֮ˣҲʲôֵ顣
ˣȻӦͬҵĿУһֱҵĺãҲֻܴӦʮꡣ
Ϊʲôڽҵԭ򣿡
죬ʮˡԭһΪһҼˣֱȥһ졣û뵽Ȼطˮȡ
֪㲻Źҵģһ죬ҲѾ˶ʮ꣬죬ǰˡ
ϣٸһᡣҪڶ֣Ҫٸʱ䣬Լĺ£֮Ծɣ
ټ˵ͷϣЦݡԼˣԼţʮԼȴıҪܡ
ܶΣټﶼҪԶˣãԼ̫Բãˣ̫Լ
һ⣬Ҳһ⡣
ʰɡ
㣬ûа
˺ԥһֱҵֻнһˣֻÿ
ۣǳۣҲֻгۣԽ֮⣬ҲݲŮˡ
뵱꣬ǳٵĳǺεȵķǧŮЩŮ˵УеĿ˳۵ĳ࣬ҲĿ˳ҵĲеĿ˳ʱʱ͸¶һŮȴǱ۹͸¶סˣټ۵ǵסŮˡ
ʱڻķ粨δ֮ǰͷ˺ܶ飬Щ£ȫйأ۵ĵˣȻǷҸڣڣʮǰң֮һҲһǳļ塣
¾˵ŪˣԭһҪңǼҵŮȴͬʱ˳ۣΪ˳ۣ˽ҲΪǼڣټйһˣͲܻ֪һôļ塣
أ
ô꣬жõ֮⣬ټﻹ֪һ𰸣Ǿǳ۶Լһôĸоǲһĸڡ
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ټЦһЦʮʧ˵Խ죡ˣһǷңڣһԽ֣֮״ŶȻÿʨΪһˣ£ΪУ
㣬Զ֪Ȼ±ӵĻȥѧΪҪĻǣѧȥԼߵˣرЩõˡ
˵꣬վֵĽΣһǻὫһģҲҵӦġϣ±ӻãȴԶҪˡ
۴ԶԶȥ
ټַȥ۽ǵˮûжˮȣԼ룬ССڵĽˮȳȥϵЦɡ
ڳˮ֮ټӿڴóһɫСƿӣ˫ۿСƿӣ֪ƿҩԭҪԵģΪ·ͻȻ£ֻڣˣϣԭ½㵱그µĴϣڵ£һԺýã
˵Ķҩû뵽ȴǽԼ
ټｫСƿӴ򿪣һڣƿҩȥȻ̯߳ӣ˺ӱߵһʯϣ˫ҹգЩȴԽԽģټ˫ۻϣеСƿӵڵϣУ
ӵĶ棬ٴγ֣ѾԶټ̾˿˵ĳѾ㱨ˣ죬ǰڣҲûκζԲ顣
ûԼӣҲԼϵСӱ˳˵𱨵ĺƣôǱϾǽãҲԸ⿴ɱ¾µֶΣȥԸԼĽ㣡
ýģѾȫˣʮǰжԹԹ쳹ֹܳ۵ɱˣ٣Խϣ˲䣡


1075 ϰ
󣬳ӷ綼Ƕߣתת֮˳ڱͱͱ˵ĵӣʱʱһѣָоôһС
ϰԸ緹ͬʱһϰľظһ顣
ӣĲ˺ϲθڣ
ʶӷ죬˹ĵϰ廹˿־壬ڳӷ˹ĵı֮£Ѫӣ㣬ʮǰĳ۸ӿ¡ϾĳֱֱɱҪɱ֮ǰԷѾ֪ˣ˵ֱӷźݻȥ˳׼µʱ䡣
ӷ粻ͬº͵˵ʲôʱͻһˣǷ˵ģ޷֮£ϰֻѡѣԲܳΪˡ
ȻϰǸˣվУͬԱȫϰ֪ӷڶ̶֮ڷչڣɱ˹缸ƽƽɼӷĵǷǳֲģǰ;˵Ϊµǣڳӷ米󣬻һҶţȻϣǼȥǵĴڡ
һɹʿ߱𲻶һ֣˲Щӷȫ߱ˣԣϰ֪ѡӷԣǾѡһ·ʱԱȫպҲҪӲصĴۣ
رˣǳҵθڡҲϰЦʵǸУ֮ǰĻԲͣ棬û뵽ʶϰ壬ҵĶҲͲίˡ
ӴСڹ¶ԺģžٿҲ˵ԼУе̫ˡϾѾǳҵļ̳ˣ˭˵ҵļ̳У
ʲô̳˲̳˵ģӣͷҲǸ̳ѽ߱ǳҼ̳˵ĻֻǳҶһǱȽϲݵġ
ϰЦԣĹӣǵһμȫ¼һҲҵļ۸񣬸Ҽ̳˵֮
ӵһ˵ΪɲҪһˣ۸ˣҿɾ̫ԲЩˡ
ǲɱ˵ģɱҲȫǸ֮ˡϰ壬Ҳ̫ǣѾ˵ֻҪ㾡ΪҰ£ҾͿԱ֤㳤꣬۵ˣҲܵκ˺ġ
ǣһԾŶһŲɵġڣӾȿһ¹ľظһЩϰɣҲ⼸鵽ģѾĿǰȫˣ飬۶鲻ģˣҲ֪
˵ţϰ彫һϽ˳ӷ磬ӷһϵļأ˸еѽ
ԼһǰľظΪŴģǸʱ򣬲ҶɾžٵǰҲ̫ɺ˰ɣ
ûôɣľظ죬ǸʱΪģΪһأʹ˺ü֣Щ֣ȫλ۷֮ģҲΨһϣ۷ĸ֡ľظ죬ȴǳ׵ĽЩִˣһУ˵ֱɱ
㲢֣ȻѾΪԴߣЩνĸ־;ԲڻˡֵǣǵΪôģ
ľظ֮⣬ͱ׿л԰ĸʵ򣬻˹Ҳ𾳽磡ңĸʼˣ
ûԭֻǲľظ飬ȴϣл԰ĸʵ򣬻˹ϵҪ֪˹һΪصû֪λʲôط˹ĳԱҲ߶ģֻǶ˹ļ̳ˣ԰ˡ˵˹ļȻˣҼǰΪѾԯǼͬľ磬ֽһȫµľ磬˵Ѿ뿪˹ʼˣ
һľأһ죬һһѾóӷͷʹˣڣȻֳһʵĸһȫͬһʱ𾳽ġϰϼأʵΪľظ֮ϣԴӽ𾳽û֣ϰȴܵõЩϢɼӦ˹ϢģĿģӦΪʵ
ʲôˣŵͲȥЩأǸʵϵѾܴˣرȻδ¶棬Ϊ˹ļ̳ˣѾ˸ӣĸһͻȻ𾳽磬ͻȻһⱳһһıңӷ绹оıӦԼģ˵Լҵġ
ϣǰͱ׿л԰ֻص˹ټٸԽ͢⼸ʮԼΪУһԼ˴ԣǼǾԲڰиʲôСԸԼҵġ
ȻҸκεĶǼȴļ̳ͻȻΪԴߣѾʼԼΪˣɼһеһУӦöľǼ֮˸Ĺ
ǵһôţӷ֪ɼȻϰ嶼鲻飬ӷ֪ɾˣ
ӣ⼸鵽ľЩˣٶ࣬ۻ鲻ˣҲܲĵ֪ľǼ»Ҫһʱ䡣ֻҪǸһСǾ͵𽥵ĸˮ棬ۣһһʱ佫ҳġ
ţҶľǼһϢ֪ͨҡ
ǳӣҪҪƷ֮ģ
ˣһҪȥˡ죬ɾйձֻعӣǼ֮ڣʢٲᰲҲҿŵձǱߣûиܽϵرϹеһЩҪ
Ȼõģô˵ҲǸйˣΪҳҲӦõġˣҺ֪ⳡʴ˾УӣһôĽɫ
ҴӲмԱһǱȽϲ磬ݡҪĻ˵ҲΪѵĿʹһ¡
ʹɱ֣
ˣȻ
ֳ֧ͬӰɡ


1076 ʦ
ʢٻӢ۸Ժļ쵼ΪйĴһ·ɻڻʢٴʹߵԱѾӭ
ĿɶͷҲǰʮλ֮ڵ쵼ˣڻʢߵйԱȻҪĽӴ֮⣬ҲҪĿǰձǱߵĴλ쵼˻㱨
ӢȻոյίϯһְϢȴڶ̶һ֮ڴйȻģڸפصĴʹҲõϢ֪ʮǰľˣһⳡʴ˾ߴˣ
Ӣ۵رһ۾ܿΪʮǰһսȽˣõĲмֻҪ·һȳһյˣ֪ǾӢˣ
ʹӢۼλ쵼ǰͷĴʹԱǳصԽˡ
֮ӢҲûʲôϻʵձǱߵĴûУ
ǰѾˡ⣬ҵĴϵʦҲѾȫλˡ
ǹҵĴʦأ

ǲǳʲô⣿
ʹԱе㵣ĵԽǵѾڻ˺üˡԭ뷽ҵǣǹҵĴʦǰȵʢٵģɵڣǶûнӵˣԷĵ绰Ҳͨ
ô
ӢۿһԼͬеһ쵼ʵʦûϵ
ԽǹҵĴʦǷģһȷǰѾˣҲѾ׳㱨ˡɵڶǸǰ󲻾õﻪʢٵġ
Ӣֿһ۴ʹԱʵǲǴĴ⣬ûнӵˣ
ȥңԽԭ¡
ҵˣǹϵǹҽʮĴ£ʦŷΪҪģһܳκεĲ
ǣס
Ӣ۳Χ˿ڵй˾Լûмйˡ
Խڵʲô𣿡
ţ˵ҪҵģôӰû
ǳӰɣ˵һǰѾʢٽܼҵˣѾţûļϹɡȥƵ꣬ȵ˾ƵϵӰɣϾкܶҪ
Ӣ۵˵ͷδʢ٣ɲΪеĳ޻˴¡
ǺãȥƵꡣǴʹǱҲ׼һ£ˣϿᡣ
ǣԽ
Ӣ۵һ뿪˻󣬳ӷŸϵ
Ļʢ٣Ҳô³ѽ鷳ˣˣ
ӷ翴˿ʱ䣬ӢǵķɻӦڰСʱǰѾˣʢҲдʹݵ˽ӴʱЩȣӢ۸ոίϯ͸ô飬ҲһҪ˷¼ڻԼġ
óֻ绰һӢʲôطȴֻȻûˡ
Ǵˣ
ȻƼȥɣ֮ǹʴ˾ĿʼˣӷҲҪ׼⣬ձĴҲҪҸͷô˵ձǷԼ飬ϴΪľص飬ӷǰձܴһæձ޷Ըľص֮£ΨнӷŰĵձҲͲҪнˣ
Ҫת뿪˽еιιС˧磬й𣿡
һӺ洫ڣҲͳӷһͣ½ŲתԷõйǽԼġ
ֻһԼʮҵŮˣŸ䣬ӷܹӺ֣Ϊʲô˵أΪϴıȽϷһµµģͷǻɫòȴǳ۾ССͣ͵йŮѽ
ǽ𣿡ӷʵ
ҿйˣȻǽˡ
λС㣬Һʶɣ
Сأ˼Ůţ
ΣӷһѣԼǸ˼ѽֻһͨĳƺˣбҪô
֪Ůһǿĳġʲô𣿡
ģҸ·ɻ͸ҵͬʱɢˣǵһʢ٣زģܰҸæ𣿡
ҺģûǮ㣡
Ůˣӷʲô˼ѽԼϵ£ﵽ⣬Ǹƭ𡣴ҶйˣбҪô𣡡ҲǮһǮ
˵ţŮͳǮóһǮң˵ЩǮ㣬ֻҪȥһǶľƵͿˡ
˵λŮǲҡ
֪ⲻǻûļЩԼȥлˡ
Ǽٵİɣ
㣬㵽׻ǲйˣôæ
ʵҲǸʢٲãҲϤѽ
ŮԽԽˣǮһգһ˵ˣԼȥҡǹùģϸWCҲˣֻҲûˣôʲôù鶼ҸˡУҪҸõ绰һ¾Ƶʲôط˾Ҫʼˣ׼ֲһδʹ˾ҿ䲻ѽ
ŮĻóӷǳڶУʵŮʦ
ʲôѽ
ǹҸձ˾Ĵʦ
ʲôѽ
ôҵ£йţ
ӣ񡣡
ʲô˼
û˼ˣݰݣ
ŮҪˣӷЦһŮԸѽ
治֪ǹڸʲôɸôʦΪⳡ˾ѽ
Ůͣ½ŲʵιСӣʲô˼
ӷһ˵ʲôѽ
㣬СӸվס첻ѻ˵ߡ


1077 ɱ
λŮиԣӻǳûȥںΧЩĿ⣬Աһֱǰס˳ӷ磬飬ҪӷҧƵġ
ѻ˵ߡ
Ůݺݵ˳ӷһѣӷûбƶԼһ˺üָоͺñԼԵһɽ㣬Լȴɽ˺棬һƣȻԼˣ
Ů컯֮µģϷУ˵̫ȥɡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦҪǿŮ˼ˣһĸǿģּȺǿҰŮˣӷ绹ͷһμ
ķ˵ңҿȥ֡
ӷһ㶣ʵķô֪
ΪʦǴʦ㲻ǡ
ййʦɣ
֪йҵķɡղңˣҪ㣡
ûи⻹ûˣ˭˭ѽйεġ
ӷɲŮ˷ʱ䣬ԼʱǺܱġ
Ů棬ɣҾͲˡ
ܣŶûСǡѽǿѽ
ãѾģȻӢеģʹΧһȺˣȫ߿˹ͬʱʢٵľ죬ҲѾ˹
С㣬ʲôҪǰ𣿡
ʢٵľ죬һһŮŮǰʵ
Ůָųӷ磬˵ҡ
£ȻֳϷˡ
Ůֱӷǰ˵λ鷳һ˰ɡ
ɣôĶѽ
ӷںƣ˵ᣬλŮʿǸᣡ
λС˵ˡ
ҲҪ֤ݲǣҷˣǷ棬Ƿ棿㿴ӣһǱ˵𣿡
Ů˿ŮϾŮˣȻվŮԵĽǶȥ롣
ɿӷ˹˹ĵӣֲ̫ѽ
ŮеΪˣȷԼڻתϰˣҲûʲôͻ¼ѽз鷢ԼӦܿĵ
λС㣬λ˵û㣬㿴ǲʲô᣿
᣿ûᣬǷˡ
ӷ߹Цһ˵Ȼйˣ˵ҷҾͷɡǴ߰ɡ
ӷԥĽ˼ǣɣй˾Ȼйˣȥ˾֣ҲҪȥһҶȥ˾֣Լⳡʴ˾㻹ҪҪˡ
Ůһ£Сӣ治úŪѽȻˡ
ᣬǸᣡʵѡ
ûᣬҾǷˡ
ιôղǿŮԼŶˣҸոս飬ȼ٣ѽ
ҪҪˣƤŮˣ˵ԼǸʦҲ̫˰ɡ
춼ǿЦ˰죬ԭС־ѽ
Ȼû£Ǿˣ
ȥ˼Сڵ飬йˣǿڼǰѾӵϼ֪ͨڼ֮ڣʢٲܷκε飬Ҫей࿴ɲҪΪĳЩС£ʹ߲ѽ
Ůӷǰ˵ϹŰɣȥƵꡣ
ӷˣĺˡ
ҵŲѽλţһ治ʶ
ЦҪи޶ȣҪ̫ˡ
˵㿪ЦˣزģֶйˣͲӦð˵ˣҿǹҵĴʦǴǹҸձ˾ģҪǸҲƵ궼Ҳµʱ޷Сձоɡ
УʦҪǸһ𡣡
ţãҵ֤ǩļ㿴
˵Ů潫˳ӷûֻ֤ǿһǷǩļļݲҪֻҪһѾҪκεĻˡ
Խ֣ӡԽרӡ£ձĹʴ˾ϯͬ־ԼලģѡĴʦҲȻȫõģΪġû뵽ټйõʦȻУ
ӷһЦԼĸ׵ǩֶϲĻǾ̫Цˣǩļǰٷ֮ģʦеŮåѽ治֪ĸ׵ôģôôʦһⳡʴ˾г˵⣬ǿɾ鷳ˣ
ӣԼҪһ׼ˣʦʵڲ˷ѽһ֧Ӣʦڰ˹ʴͥҲҪٳӵģ
ô˰ɣ
ļȻšһ¡ϯǲԼ㣿
ǵȻģϯҪҵġ֪Ϊʲôǹôĺʦϯãƫƫ𣿡
Ϊʲô
ϻΪõǸ
㣿ȱסС˵˾ɡ
ʲô˼
̫ˣΪⳡ˾ˮƽʮǰһЩ֤ݾͿӮҪӮⳡ˾ǰҪȱסԼСձǱߣѾɳ˺ܶɱָعҪǹҵдʦ֡ҲµûĻЩͬʱӦѾˡãûһ𡣡
˵ôܻᷢ顣
ҿһҲû˵ǵʦţǲǷʢٵģһǰѾˣڶողŵ
ô֪ǵг̰ţ
㲻Ҫ֪ô֪г̰ŵģҪǣǵĵһͬ£ǰյﻪʢٲһСʱѾȫɱˣԴʹǱ߲ϵͬʱڸһ𵽵Ϊǹҵļλ쵼Ѿˣڰȫϣʱֻ֤ڵڰСձʲôֶԸǣ˭Ҳ֪
ӷɲŻˣ˵ȫģҲΪʲôʹǱǰûӵһʦŵԭʧȥϵ˵һﻪʢٵʦţѾСձĶ֣й棬ȴ֪£ӷҲ֮ǰٳл¥ʱϰģ
һڳӷһӷӰһ߿סŮ֣˵ߡ
㣬أ
ٲߣû뿪ˡ
ܰɣ
ٶ뿪˻ڻĳ䣬һɫװīձ˴һ绰˵ʧܣĿѾߡ


1078 ڳԱϵ
ΪεĹʹ˾йձΪйΪԭ棬ձǱ棬ȻҪӣʲô涼Ҫãȫ棬Ͼⳡʹ˾չģܰ׹ǱߵļһǸô뷨Լ棬ɲܶ
ձĴձĴʦйߺüѾ˻ʢ٣׹ǱȻҲǷǳڣйĴʦˣ׹ȻҲҪһͬʡ
°дһӢ۵ˣپ׼˻ʢõľƵ꣬ɲɵģͬһҾƵ꣬ңձĴʦҲҾƵ꣬һʱ䣬˫ۼͬһط׹Ҳŵ˵ɣ֪ڴ˾ĴͬһҾƵ꣬Щû˾ûʼȸձĴ
ڰ°뿪󣬴ʹݵĸҲӵ˺ü绰һĵ绰λʹ¿ʼëɫҲļΪѿ
ڣӢѾע⵽˴ʹı飬Ҳ֪һǷʲô£Żʹ˻ŵģ飬ҲһǰĵһʦйأΪҲֻ£ŻפڻʢٵĴʹľ
ǲǵһʦŷʲô£
Ӣһʣʹ˵ԽЩѽ
ֱ˵׷ʲô£
ҴʹݵѾҵǰʦˣֻ
ʲô
ǣǵҵģʬ壡
ʲô
Ӣ۸쵼ȫ͵һɫҪѿжѿҪ֪ⳡ˾ɲһ˵սǹϵңĹ˾һʦȻҲǴģҪǿʦųı߲С
Ǳ߻˺ܴȫõʦۼһ𣬲һͨһĲԣֻҪЩͨԵʦʸ壬Ҳȫеʦ
ڣʹȻ˵ǰĵһʦѾˣҵǵʬ壬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ԽʬǾֵģҲڸողŷֱ˺Ϊ߶йˣԾһʱϵǴʹݣǵ˵ֳЩʬҵǵ֤
ô
һ쵼ʵȻ˿Ӣ۸⼸쵼ˡ
Ӣһ£˵ձΪǿˣ
Խ˼ǡ
ûձҪһǵʦȫɱֻҪûʦⳡ˾ҲȻ򲻳ˣ
ڸô죿
ȥҽ쵽ʦţȻһѾˣǾ;Բõڶ¡
𣬴ʹһվʮйŮңͷ˵һʱѾݡ
ãǵڶġ
ʹҲҪԷ˵̳˳ȥ˿滹ûˣȻһԵģʮŮȫϽ˷䣬÷䲢Сݵô˵ģоȴе֡
ӢʵǾǽ쵽ʦţ
ͷ˵ǵġǣ
Աߵ쵼˽ܵλĴӢԽίϯ
ͷһû뵽뷽Ȼλίϯ
׳ãҽƽСͿˡ
ţС㣬ˣ𣿡
ƽشֻһǾޱ·ɻʱɢˣָֻպûˣ
ɢһεĹ˾ʲôְλ
ʦ
ʲôأ߶ˣԱߵ쵼ɫ࣬ɲģһʦѾˣڵڶû£ʦȴˣ
ȥҡ⣬ϵ룬ϺȫҲκһʦ¡ΪҪǣǸǾޱԲܳ££ˣҲûȥˡ
Ӣ⻰˵йصģƽ˶һλϽѽйľȨ˵һ仰ǻò˻ˣ
׳һ£ǲǳʲô飿
Ӣ˵ҲæǣǼ֮ǰ뷽Ѿ߹ˣҪⳡ˾ȫϿ϶ΣյġǰһﻪʢٵʦţѾȫɱˣʬ壬ոձʢپ֣
ƽʦ۾ķǳһеţ
ôᷢ£ʮʦȫɱˣ
ǵġڱҪѣڹ˾ʼ֮ǰǣͬΣգԣǷҪԼҿǱ֤ǣֻҪӢڣ;Բκһܵ˿˺
׳ȻҵʱѾⳡ˾ΣգҲȫˣȻὫЩΣյһ¡ձǷǹҵѪծһҪϾɱ¼еЩͬ룬ڵΣգҲʲôΣաǿԴӮⳡ˾ΣգҲֵˡ
Ӣ۵˵ͷʵˣأ
Ǹʦһ뷨
ܺã֪Σգȴɲ벽ǣӢۣǹҵĴӢۡ
ٴ𣬴ʹŴʱվĸˣͬйˣɷڣʵվˡ
˭
ͷһڵЦôţʦɣԵԼķȥˣΣյġ
ʹɲʵǵʲôˣ
Ǳڡ
ڣ
ʹתͷһӢۣӢۿǸող˵еϺڵģЩڻɣҲûôɡ
ӢۼſڣһĸˣʵЩĵıڣ
λһԽɣϾڹ˾ġҽкڹǸˡ
Ͼڹ˾˼ǲǸˣ
ûϰǳӣǹӽǹġ
ӷ磿ӷˣ
ǵġԽõģҾƵѾǵ˼ˣסձˣҲǵĿ֮ڣֻҪһöͻ̱
顣
ڹ䣬¥Ǳߣһ
ʲô£
ԽõģӦձǱ֪ʦŵѾʼжˣǵ˱ǿһ֡
顣
Ǳһ
ձɳ˶ɱ֣
ĿǰƵɱ֣ʮһղƵǰȫˣǻ֪滹ڶɱ֣Թӽڹ˾ʼ֮ǰеʦҪ뿪Ƶ꣬飬ӻΪλʦ̺·ġ
ӢʮֵİοԼбѽԼ뷽ûϵ飬ȻϵˣôౣڹЩһ֪ͨˣ
ˣߵʦʧˣܲҵ
ƽ˵ѽλǾޱǵһλʦҲֻлӮⳡ˾Բܳµġ
ģ˵λʦڻʱɸǹˣԣκһ˶Ҫȫڹ˾ʼ֮ǰǲƵģΪձǱѾ˵ĵϸˣҲ֪λʦҪԣձȫɱλʦϣ߾ɱֹҲ̫࣬Ƕˣ˭Ҳһͷ
Ｆһ绰˵ԽɱֵʬѾȫɾˣκ鷳ġоǣӽϺǱߵıǵĹͲô鷳ܹˡ
ܺãǽļҪˡ
ɽ˵ձС٣ɱ٣ġ


1079 Ůʦ
Ǿޱ͵һȫĵطӷҪߣԼҪܶҪ֪ľػⳡʹ˾ʲôãСǱ߹ҲΣգ˵Ѿڹ˾иָ˹ӷе㲻ġ
Ȼǲĺڹǣν˲ɣ˲ãʲôʱʲôˣӷεĹ˾ȷ̫Ӱйˣӷ粻κεĲ
ȻǾޱȻѾ֪ⳡʹ˾ʦӷȻ⣬ѾоӤҰӦòκġ
ǾޱŮˣһҲʦǸŮӷҪˣ̾ס˳ӷ磬˵Ϲ㲻ѽҴҪߣ˼ȥѽ
ӷΣԺΣŮˣ治һĿɶѽԼʲôʱͱϹˣеɫҪǼŮԶء
һҪ죬ϻЩͬʱסľƵ꣬ҲѾھƵˣֻҪ˾Ƶ꣬ȫͿԵõ֤
ǾޱҲɵӣȻܳΪⳡʹ˾ʦǻ۷Ȼǳ͵ģ
֪ô飬֪ձᰵɱǣ֪ҵͬʱסҾƵꡣϹ˵˵ɣ㵽ʲôˣ
ʲôһ㶼ҪҪǣҾԲϹˣģϽƵꡣ
˼Ҳ˼ҾҪ㣬˼ҾøɱסھƵ갲ȫˡ˵ˣƵ̫ˣ˵ձɳ˺ܶɱɱǣһסھƵиʲộⳡ˾˭ȥѽ
ӷ˵ףϯΪʲôҪѡⳡʹ˾ʦˡ
֪˼˰ɡ
ڴ˾ҲҿȷԲǹõʦ
⻰˵ĺأⳡ˾ɲһ㣬뷽ȻҪѡõʦȥǹҿ䲻ѽҲõһϯΪʲôѡأ
ΪԵһҪԸֻԱ֮ʩ
㣬˵
ҿû˵Լ˵ġˣûʱ˷ѣòҪˣҿɲ뱻ᡣ
Уվס
Ǿޱһס˳ӷ磬γӷһԤжûУŮˣȻСС촽ֱӾ˳ӷ촽ΪߵĹϵǾޱĽż⻹
ϣȻѣйȻ˵Ĺۿǻʢ٣ֵǵ鲢ʲôϡ֮¡
ӷɾͲһˣǾޱǿˣһͲʶŮˣԷֶ֪óӷơ
һѽǾޱƿӷŭ㷢ʲô񾭣
ŮǿǣǲǺѽ
˵ŮǲввĻȥҽԺ
˼Ҳȥ˼Ѿˣ˼Ҹˡ
񾭲
ߣҪ˼Ҹ˵ġ
Ǿޱ˳ӷ磬Ͳϻ᲻ձɱɱԼֱӾ
ӷӿŲղŵ飬͵ûɣԼһ㶼Ը֮£ĻԵԼ̫ˡ
˵ˣǾޱı˵ڹжô㣬ٿԿ϶һ㣬Ů˽ϣӦòǺܼ㡣
ϲŮǴŮģ鷳㲻Ҫӡ
ӷһŲԽӿǾޱȴǾ׷ţһŮˣ׷һܣʲô֪ˣΪӷС͵Ǹĺˡ
ǰıܣҵĶӸˣͲ븺𡣡
ǾޱһӢﺰģ
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ǵû⣬ǾޱղŵĻκһң˵ĲءѱŮĶӸˣȻһ֮Ѿ̫Ǹˣ
˶ϲվߣɵģڵǾޱͳΪȺ壬ӷأǵһγΪһĺ
Щйѽ̫ˣȻһŮˣ
ǣйѽйˣҽǼʶˡ˭˵˿ţйˣ˸ӿţ
Щ۵ӷεͣ˽ŲǾޱҲѾ˹˵Ϲô˼أѵͲ˼Ҷĺӳ𣡡
ӷתɫʮֵѿִвղڻʱձɱʧˣҾԿǳɹһΡ
㣬ôҪҶĺӾֱ˵òвѽҿѽΪ˲ҸΣȻвң˵Ҫɱҡ
̫Ǹˣ
ӷΧȺԽԽ࣬һݣɫȴһ䣬ЦţߡҽԺȥ
㣬
ѺӴѽ
Ҫ˼ҲҪ
ˣ㶼˵Ҫˣǻȥ
㻵
ǼˣҶɵĳ㲻ȥҽԺĻǾƵ꿪䣬ջУǿµġ
㣬㡭ѽ˼
ৣ
ͻȻӷһǾޱһѷɵ˹
ӷӰһǾޱ󣬰нɵΪ˲ΧȺ֣ӷڽ·ɵͬʱֱӾͱסǾޱ
㣬أ
ٷϻģϸߡ
Ǿޱˣ֮ϣӷɲ붯ɱˣ
ֱŤŮȵˣΧȺҲΪǾޱ˿ԭأ
Уһձ˴һ绰˵ڶΰɱжʧܣԷиֱ֧Ԯ


1080 ʦ
뿪˶ҵĴ֣һСһ·ӷߣǾޱȴֱܵģѻþܣѾˣٿӷӣûµһ
ͻȻİɱӷ̷Ӧ˹ҲὫЩɱַǾޱϾǸʦʱĳ棬֪˻ᰵɱû֮ǰǱǴ󵨵ģΪǾޱͨ˿ɱ飬ֻڵӰųֹʵУʲôʱֹ˼ҵĳ档
㣬ˡ⣬ֲڴϣô󾢸ѽ
ǾޱŮ治֪ôģﲻݣŮåû
ӷ罫ղŽµķɵ˳Ǿޱһ˼ǽڣʵ㣬ʲô
ӷûǾޱֻǿһеķɵȻһ˵ȻĨ˾綾һУСûˣ
Ǿޱųӷ罫ɵڵϣʵղţղŵ׷ʲô£
㻹Ҫ˵Σձɳɱɱ㣬ǰ飬ҿɲǸ˵ġ
ɣ˵ģģ
ϻбҪƭҺûκεĺô
ǣձһҵ֤ݣԴ𣡡
ԣձǱߣûκһʦϹʷͥû´ĻӦöձɳɱ֣ǵĵһĿ꣬ǹҵʦҲ㡣
Ǿޱͷ˵ձ̫Ǹˣ
֪𣡡
ҲãȻɳɱɱЩʦ˵Ƕⳡ˾ûʮİգǸͲҪ
ӷû뵽ǾޱȻ뵽ϣȷձаմӮⳡ˾ĻûҪɳôɱˡ֤ⳡʹ˾ձӮ٣йߵʦ޷ϹʷͥĻձȻǲսʤˣ
Ҫ˽һ˵飬ͲҪӶ෽ȥ֣ܶʱһϸڣһ䲢ĻͿԿ˵ǲǺʹ
ӣĸѡŮʦһģ٣ڵһʱ뵽Ϊؼ顣
ʲô֣
ǾޱϹأ
ôõϹҵֶ֪Ҳ̫ϸ˰ɡ
͸˼˼Σ˼һҪúллء
ҽгӷ硣
ӷ磿ôеѽ
Ǿޱųӷ磬֣ȷʲôطһȴǽʱ䣬ӦǺþ֮ǰġ
ӷҲ֣ϾԼֵй˲٣ΪģΪԼϾѧʱһ֮սŴѧǸʱ򣬳ӷ˵ѾˡɱϾʱҲһ࣬һ˵гʲôģͲԶļܿͻģҲΪʲôڵЩϲŵĹϵ
طӦûܰȫЩɱֲôҵǵġ˵˵Լ°ɡӣӦòʮңôܻΪεʦѵڷԺģ
Ժ˵ܲţЩ߼ͥĴŶûء
Ǹ˰ɣ
ѾˣֻΪҷϵҵһֱѵʦûʲô˿Сɫ
ʦɲҪңڽֱ߰Щַ˾ģ
ǽзòá
ã汻ӷ˵ˣһСʦȻΪⳡʴ˾ʦе˵ȥ˰ɡ
ôΪεʦģ
ѡѽܴҵʦѡģӴ嵽磬絽򣬴УеȻͨ쵼˵ϸѡһĿˣ˵ֿ˿ɱȿʿҪѵĶأ
ȿʿҪѣʲôЦҲ̫ϸ˵ɡ
ɷһ룬һʿ󾭳УεĹ˾ǹϵйʮЩϾɱейֻͬعģȷǲϸѽ
һССʦȻԳΪҵĴʦı»治С
ɺϣ
ɺϣô˵
ѵʱûҵģб£ںܶ˸ܶ෽Ĵѹ֮£Ҫ߳ˡǸʱˣϺſڸպϯϯ֪Ǳѡеʦ֮һҼ⣬ǣҾͿϯ֧֣ʦλӡ
ӷ粻ɵЦһ£˵˰죬ǿϵߺŵģ
ȻˣεĹʹ˾ϯԷģȻⳡ˾û汾µĻϯһӣҲѽ
˵ҲԣǾޱûµĻԽ𣬸ⳡ˾ԽΪĵһ£ֻɹʧܵģ
Ȼˣ͸ӦñסԼСסĻʲôϹʷͥûʲôرϯΡ
һҾúܰȫ㲻˵ձɱɱ𣬻ûɱɣԣھͱΪ㹱ףúõıңһҳʲôµĻҵˡ
ӷһ£˰죬ȻŮ˸׽ȥˣɻѽôû׵סԼĻû뵽Ȼ﷭˴
һû񱣻㣻ڶȻ˱㣬ֻҪԹԵȥƵ꣬Ҿͻᱣ֤İȫ
˼Ҫһ𡣡
ӷ治֪˵ʲôˣŮˣѲѽ
ʱӷͻȻһ£˵ҴȥһձĴǵ˽һЩⳡ˾ʤ㣬᲻ǿ
ǿ϶ġʵҪ˽ֻ̫࣬Ҫ˽ԷʦԼǴ˾ķֶΣҾͿǿʮ֮һʤˡ
ǺãΪ˹ңҾΪѵĴȥһձĴɡ
һ¡˵ʲôȥձĴ
𣿡
Ȼ⣬Ǵ⡣
˵˵
һ㵽ʲôˣΪʲôԴȥձĴձʲôϵڶϹɣ֮ǰĹ˾ʼ֮ǰ˫ʦǲܽӴģһ֣Ҫ̸Ļ˫Ӵʦأǲŵʦǰ²⣬һҸձĴӴĻ뷽֪ˣǰҵˣҿɲɡ

ӷЦһ˵˼湻ϸģѹֿԳΪεʦģҴȥձĴᱻκ˷֣Ƿˣ뷽棬Ҳ˿ɵġ
Ϊʲôô϶
ܼ򵥣ΪҴȥġ
㣿㵽ʲôˣ
˵һйˣŲţ
㣬˰ɣĵˣ
ӷΣֻܴӿڴóһ˵ȻԴⳡ˾־ϸѵⶫӦ֪ɣ
Ǿޱ˫ıʲôʱ򶼴󣬿ųӷŵһѫ£⣬ǡѫ£һ鱾ϼ
Ȼ֪ǰѫ£㻹ʲôɣ
⣬⡭ѽأǹӵѫµģмλϽôܻУ
ǰȷֻмλϽУڣһĽӵС֤ʲôģѾˣ⣬ҵ֤
ѫ¼һί䷢֤Ǿޱɵˣ
㣬һ
룬Ӧö˸ȥɡ
ǵȻܻУ
ǾٷϻΪҪⳡ˾ӮǿĻҲĴȥձļһˣٲߣͱЩɱַˣ


1081 ǿ
ȻձѾɳɱ֣ôձͲԸйߵĴסͬһҾƵֶ꣬ʢȴεĹʹ˾ڻʢչģϹΪ֤ܵõߵĵ֧֣Ƕⳡ˾ĶˣձɵֱӾܾʢ飬ٵĴˣ˾Ƶ꣬ձסط
Ϊձʵ飬ȻΪĴ֮һʢ١һͬǰģҪüձĸ߹٣һ˸йһģձξߵĽΡ
ЩһΪ˶ĿرйĴûѡסھƵ꣬һԢסԢڣձĴˣȫ˭Ҳڹ˾ʼ֮ǰ뿪ԢһҲΪ˷ֹ˷֡
ʹ˾Ȼ͵͵ģɼձ⼸ż˵顣
ʲô˰˾ߵģ
Ϊ׵ĴҲձֽ߾ȨĽСʵ
Ԣһźµɱ΢΢ͷСһۣشĿǰ֪ԷݡԿ϶ǣǸŮʦߵģһйˣӦйˡ
⻹˵ǷϻҲʲôһҪڹ˾ʼ֮ǰйʦɵˣҲûձˡ
СɽģѾǴձ۹ǿɱ֣һʧġ
Ҫκεı֤ҪģǸйŮʦ
ǣϾȥɱ
ɱ뿪̾˿˵Сɽ£ǲǸһ㡣йץǰɱʦ֤ݣǻкܴ鷳ġ
µѵҸҲִ𣡡
˵ⳡ˾ҲǳҪСɽҲˣձѾǰĴձ۹ˣԣһ£ⳡ˾Ҫ
֪˵ʲôҲûǴձδΪҪģⳡ˾Ӯ˵Ļܽľظǽʲôȥ硣
ɵйϾɱǵĵȷȷѽ
ô£Ǵձ۹ԲܳϡҲǴձ۹ĸ߹٣ĻԲĿɲңҡ
˵ʲôϾľصⳡ˾ȷʵйǳϾɱ飬ȫ˭֪ѽֻԼձߴϰˣѾ˼ʮ꣬Ҫ׷ҲǼ仰ܽģӲǺͽܽģйǱ߲Լձ浹ԼձȫϵϾɱǲݵġңһⳡ˾ˣǰĹʷ˵ԼձһҪ۵ģۣһСԼܹĵأ
֡
ֻһӵ绰ɫѿ
ߵǰӣþûϵˡ
׽ձʲôӦúɡ
ӣ⻰ʲô˼ѽ
Ǻã绰Ҳ˵Űɣǵ˵
绰ֱӹҶˣһš
Сʵʲô£ôɫôѿ
СɽѾ˷ˡ
ʲô
ýţǵǳӷ硣
ӷ磿ҵļ̳ˣǸΨһǶԸľصĳӷ磿
ûңѾˣ
ȲҪšӷʱһΪ˰ɱ飬ǱҪӦԵķΪ£ʲôģ˾ûʼҪģˣ
ľصĶԸˣӷ磬ȻҲܶԸңձ֪ӷΨһһľسԿϴľձɱӷ磬ɽΣͻȻ콵ӷҡڵ뿪ձɽ
ϣûУ
Ȼģҿˡ
ԢŴ򿪣ӷվſڣ⣬ӷһģһйŮˡ
Цݣӣϴձһ𣬲һû˰ɣ
ӷ粻Ϊӷ֪ձĵһ
Ǿޱֱ߽˹ԢǾޱ֣ЩձĴôסֵطƵ궼ס
Ǽ˭Ǹˣվ
СװһЦӭ˵ӣ˵ӣҶѣαһͰڳųأҸطߺȱϰɡ
Ǹˣ
ûСɣΡ
Ҳ֪ձʲôݣǣֻΪһ¡
ʲô£ԡ
Ȼ˵ѣձԴѿɾͲ˰ɡղҲ㱻ǵɱָˣ
ʲô
Сɼȫ󾪣ӷ⻰ʲô˼ѵξйǸŮʦĲǱˣλǻҪɱǸŮʦͲˣ
ǾٸһˡǲɱǹҵʦѾ˸ǴˣôţԼŰɡ
Ǿޱһ˰죬ԭӷǴԼѽ˵ʲô˽ձĴʦǽڡ
ӷ磬ʲô˼
ȸұ죬ڻֲ˵
˵ӣһʲôᡣǸͲ֪ʲôɱֲɱֵѽʢ٣Ϊ˸ǹҵһ˾˵ڹҵ˵ڵĵˣ˽£ǻΪĲĻǡ
ͣ
ӷס˵ʲôʱˣ֪ʹЩСձ˵ʵ˵ûʸѣʸҲܳΪѡ
˵⣬ӷ罫ǾޱǰһǹҵʦǲǺûϹʷֻͥҪеӶҾԲֹ
⻰ֻҪеӣҪеӲѽûӣǾѧôȥӣ
С˵ӣᣬǻȰ˵ɣҲȥ飬ʲôð֮ġ
ˣ˵ǸɵģʱǡȻѾˣǲҰһ˰ɡ
֪ʲôطΪЧ͵ģ
򵥣Щʦϣȫ
ӣ㲻ڿЦɣ
ҴӲЦҪ𣬽ЩʦϣҪҲҪɻձˣھֱǻϼңɻɿˣ
ӷѵõǿһѣΪⳡ˾̫ҪӷҲԲ˵ˣֱ۸ձ


1082 
ǾޱǳʶˣǵһμӷˣձĴڳԼĹƵģ˵ôô˵֣ԸǾޱԾǣձ⼸ڳӷǰȻƨҷһǾޱе㻳ɣ⼸һǲǳӷʱԱѽձĴǵĻⳡ˾ҲͲҪԼôŬȥˣһ˵һ仰ձԹԵ䣡
ȻǾޱЩǲܣӷҲԿ԰쵽ˣȥձ÷棬ձʱʱĸ㼸ڷ籩ձҲҪġ֮⣬ӷҲѧһ¶ʮǰԯһɱѪѪ棬ձڵϴ
ô򵥣ӷܰĵҲѽ򣬾ͻ˵лģԭйձȴҪˣǵɵ£ӷ粻ȥֱӸɣӲΪ£ԼΪйˣ
СǼɫҪѿжѿ˵൱ؾʡ
ɱַ£ϣȻǲϣҲǡҲǣҵʲôûҲǿģձ򲻳ⳡ˾ϲ˹ʷͥǣҵΨһһҪǱҪ쵽򣬾ͱҲˣձʣʲôľأȽǼС˵
˵ӣ£ʵΪѽҲ֪ⳡ˾ձҲģˣձĹ񣬾ͽʧȥĵģ
ʧȥģѵձˣνʲô𣿻˵Դľظˮ֮ձǰһ¶˵𡣱ˣڵձľص£ձҲҪɫ¡˵ձľذнžҲţⳡ˾УľΪӣҲԲʲôġһľزⳡ˾ǾûձʲôˣӴˣձҲԶľ֮£ľسΪձ̫ϻʣЩˣΪһ飬Ҳ뷢ɡ
СԵĺΪѣҲԥӷ˵һ㶼ûԼѾõϢľڰǰѾ뿪ձ˻ʢ٣䲻ܿ϶ʢٵĿΪʲô٣ⳡ£ձĵĹʹ˾ϣľǾԲŹλģͳΪձ»ʣΪձǿձģľͶˣ
һһӣһ𣬶ԸһľأɼľѾΪձжд̣ձһֶβľصĻҲͲҳӷˣȻҪҪӷֳľ󻼣ձٶҪ۵ġ
ôˣȫóûʱȥ
С̾˿˵ӣǿԽձʦȫ㡣㣬Ӧǡ
ҲǸԵ֮ˣʲôֱ˵ɡ
ϣֻ￴ߵģ֪ˣǾͽΪձˡ⣬ӴӦⳡ˾йӮձӮľص顭
ģȻʹӦʣȻͻ쵽
ӷɲ˵ԼȥľصĻľҲԼģȻ⼸һһᱧſϷʲôҲԼˣ
ֻܸһСʱʱ䣬㿴еϡ
ӷ翴һǾޱʵһСʱû⣿
һСʱʧ㹻ˡ
ܺáó
ڽİСʱڣǾޱձЩʦȫˣŮ˿湻ģ˵һĿʮУĿҲóӷ΢΢ĳԾû뵽ǾޱԼһЩŹ˵츳
СʱǾޱϻСɣȻ󾲾ıĿŸղĶ
û뵽ձʦҲôǿӣⳡ˾ѶȣҪѵĶѽ
ҴӮİգɲҪңѾûˣ
ģԷǿҿЩ֮Ѿ˸ˡ
Ǿͺá߰ɡ
ӷֱ߳˹ԢǾޱҲû˿Ĳ˼кûСǴЩСӣԼйĵѽǴкޣ
ųӷ˾뿪ˣʵСɽǽô
Сһ£˵㱻ǸйŮʦǴʦҲûʲô˵ģ˾飬֤֮⣬ҪʦٳӡձĴʦȫģʮ꣬δһ˾ټӴʦţйĿǰ˵ӮǣԲܡ
ɳɱְɱһйʦţձ˵ȷ˸ʤ㣬ԼЩʦϱйʦ֪ˣҲǰ԰
ʦŵйʦȴһ룬˹ʷͥͿ¹˭ˣ
Сɽڰɱ飬ҿͲҪټ˰ɣȻӷǱߡ
ȻˣټȥҲûʲôˡ߲Ȼ˼
ʲô˼
ͲùˣʸⰲŵģҲϵӷһţó׼Ļ˻ʢ֮УҪ˹˾ǵҲҪˣ
иİţΪʲôԼʵ᲻֪
ڸӵɱʲô²źѽŭλӣɲģСӱ˹˹ĵģʵȴ͸©һа֮ľؿΣնˣԼձĿǰĴ˵Ҳ˲ˣ


1083 
뿪סĹԢӷҲ㽫סĵطӢۣϾӢǿйձ⼸ʮĶԹҪԷɵֶȥҲΪ˱֮䷢սңʹİܵ˺
ǾޱһŮӣòϣҲһǳϸĵŮˣҲΪʦرɣûеĻôȥ˴˾ôϾɱйֻͬع
ر𣬲ձϵձЩһͦƵġû´ĻǹһصĽ֮⣬Ӧûűݰɣ
㣬ǾޱϸĿģֻҪûˣܿǾޱϸ֮ǸղǼձĴʱǵı飬пĳһʲô飬ǳӷ綼û뵽ģӦòóӷ˵˵߾ߣǷǳ֮ˣϣҲҪһԷԶٷʲôģձĴûóӷ˵˵߾ߡ£Ǿޱû˵ڣҲ̫ˣ
ֻȱ˺öѣĶûʲô
ǲҪʲô
ҶѾˣҪµľͲˣ㡣
֪ԼʲôһҲ𣿡
ģҵȻˣֻӮⳡ˾
һӮġ
˵ûõģҪʵʵжСðģѾˣȫ񶼻ῴ㣬ܳɹĻǲйͬʱ磻ʧˣǺʲôӦĵɣ
ˣҽΪҵˡȫڶϣҵϣⳡ˾Ҳ䣬Ҳ䲻𡣡
ò˵ǾޱѹǳѹΪһȣ˵Ҫȥ˾޴ѹϣٶġЩǳӷܰģΨһܰѾˣڽᷢʲô£ͲǳӷԤϵˣ
Ӥ
ৡ
ǾޱֻоһתʱԼ󣬲֪ʲôʱһŮһʮŮŮϴŵձ߷װһѶ󵶣ŮԭĮģȴһЦݡ
ҲǸձˣڹ˾ʼ֮󣬾㡣
һձˡ˵ڿʲôЦҸձң㲻ֱӰƸձˣ
ģձˣԶձǸȴû˿ĺøСң֮⣬룬Ӧû˿Աȫˡ
أ
һԼҪ죬ûʱ˷ϡ
ǳʯٰڽϣӷȻӦ˻ȥǾ;Բʧԡңڽϵϣۼŷеĸ̣ܴЩ˵ϵõôĻա
ȻӷҪĺôǮҲȨӷ̫ˣҲ̫ˣҪģֻǿܲһЩ̣ⳡʹ˾Ҳǳӷʱ뵽ġ
Ӥ
ǣľԶֵĻô죿
ӷЦһѾͷĻԶ
İɣľԸ˵ǲмͨ˵ġ汻ϵˣҲֻ˵ùɡ
Ǿޱʵղ˵Ǹʲôľصˣ˭
ӤҰشձɽͷҲձֻİձ֡ɣľҲҵ׸硣
ʲôⶼʲôʲôѽЩ˵ĹϵҲ̫˰ɡձ˱ңĵǸ׸磬⣬⡭
ʦɷģľسҵ׸֮⣬ͬʱҲҵɱˡ
ʲô˼
ǾޱûӦ
ӷ˵ձ˵߱ɱֵ񲢲ְɣͱôˣøȥ
ӷ粻ٶϻԼǾޱѾˣ޷Ӯⳡ˾Ļֻ˵ԼĸѡˡȻⳡ˾ǿʦӮģڱһǷ粨ӿӷҪģǽЩ粨һƽϢ
ϣĳƵ꣬ľظսƵķ䣬ڷڵˡ
ǵĵӻ󣬱ӷ˾Ȼܻ
ľ˵㲻Ҳһӷ֪סҾƵ꣬Ҳܻˡ
Σյĵطȫģӷζ벻ǾȻסͬһطͲ뿪
裬˵Щϻ׼һ£һҪȥμӡ
͵õϢˡʯٰᣬңӷҲȥ
ûȻǷǼһǴڿʼͲ÷ˣֱӸԡҾͲţǳԿ
˵ĳӷ磬ѾˣһΣһҪӮɱ
ľ˵ֻҪ㲻嶯ɱһӷû⣬Դ֣Ҳֵס
֮ǰӷ׷ŴھȻ˵Ĵ󻰣ӣһﱻǱ֮˾֮ڷӦʲô֣


1084 ƽ
ϰ˵㣬ӷ飬̸дĵַʢһׯ԰ſ
νׯ԰˵˾͸һС͵Ĺ԰࣬ʲôУסֵط˵ׯ԰ˣǷǷ󣬶һҪŹ壬ԹһĹף򣬲ĸҵһׯ԰ĽģǿɲǵǮһؾͿԽģ෽ԭʹׯ԰κһ˵֮ٵĴڣ
ӷǰׯ԰˵Ҳֻڵڶλׯ԰ģһй߽ģйߣȻǳԶɽ
ܲʮʱ䣬˵ģٸľô˴ķ㣬Ҫׯ԰ǻһ仰飬ÿڣԼܹˣ
ׯ԰ſڣߣѾͣ˸ָλһȫ͵ģÿһֿʽУ˵ҲҪǧ
ϣܱʯҪȫͷ۹ˣǹҵ쵼ˣоǺڵϵĶͨˣׯ԰Ŷȥ
Ŀǰλãӷ綼֪ʯʲô֣ǰҲûϵⷽ飬Ǳż𣬶ߣȻὫһʲôʯΪ£̹йձ˾ʱĻӷλҵļ̳ˣҲһʯûʸ뵽ҵļ̳ͣ
ǰׯ԰ÿһſʱóӷȴע⵽ȻǷΪü͵ģЩڽׯ԰ĿеΪ֣һǷǳͨһɵһɰɵķֱˣݶһĿǰ˵аˣӦΪģڽׯ԰ʱҲרԱ죬ΧЩ˵ĿҲʮֵĽ
ӷһԼĿڴԼڿڴԼǻƽģ滹һʯǺԣԼݣˣҪĶࡣ
ĲͬݵĲͬͬʱҲˣ
˵ʯܽƽüˣǾû˼ˣӷǳҵļ̳ˣŵĶ³ƽƾͳӷһУ̸Ϲƶ꣡
ӷҡڵȥˣǵڸԼ𣡽ԼɲҡģҲӲϲ飬ȥʲôǿͨŵģ
ӷ糯Χ˿ӦǲģӦԼһ쵽̲ǳأʯɵϣͻȻðŮˣܲ룬ҲӦýӷ˼ת˳Ӧ͵˲Ŷѽ
绰ԼȥʱֻһͻҲһ͵Ħгׯ԰ŵǰֱӳ˹ٶ֮죬һ·ϵˣȫóһ·Ҳڴˣôģѵûǰ𣬳ô죡
ͣ
Ħгֱӳ嵽ׯ԰ſʱŵ˸
λ˼˽˵ط㲻ܽȥ
Ħг˽ͷʲôŮ𣬻һŮ
㿴ҵӣĵˣ
λС㣬ʵڱǸղûע⡣
ǼƽϣҪȥ
С㣬˽˵ط㲻ܽȥġ
ҲУеĻҾˡ
໥һۣŮĦгôǱԼĿѽ
װƵ̫ˣŵļһҲ㽫˸ˣǿ˵ĻǾԼ˵ѽ
ŵΪԼʯ¾ͺ˲ˣҲȥѽ
λС㣬㿴˶ǿģǵĳҲûׯ԰ѽҿ㻹ǰСĦгͣɡ
ô˵ģʲôСĦг֪֪ļ۸ɱκһҪءЩһﲻʶˣҲĸǷϻ
ŮĳǳãһתͽĦгתͷˣ
λС㣬߿ԣ뽫£ΪϰзԸейҪյġ
Ůһ˵ʲô˲ģǾˣ
һŻƽӱó˼ŵļһ
ƽһ֣Χ˵۾ȫ˹ƽѽ˵ֻţŻȫǷй˵ģû뵽ȥŶʮҵŮȻлƽƼҴС㣬ǳǸصĴС㣿
ƽ
ŵ˶סˣҲ֪Լ鷳ɴˣԷȻӵŻƽҲ˵ԷԼϰΪĿ֮һѽ
ηȥŻƽ˵˾Ƿһ˵ġ˭֪ƼҴСǳҼ̳˵δޣǷȻһţһţܲãСˣ
⿪ĦгỤ̴̊ӲĦгҲӦӷ粻ģôǳˣ


1085 ð
Χеĸ̣˿̶ͣ˽ׯ԰ĽŲѾׯ԰ˣҲ˳ΪĴˣΪμⳡģǽʯᣬͽһ³ҵλ̳ˣȻʯҲǴͬע⡣
ԳԶɽ˵Ŭ˳ӷһ˵ͲҪŬˣؽɽĵӣɱȴɽҪѵĶࡣͬʱǳԶɽǳۣȥ̳Щ˵ģҲ˵ŵĸ߲֮⣬û̳ϵ˼棬һֱڱžŵĶƶȣҲȫ֪ġ
񣬳ӷ缯ţκ˿ոʮСӣԲʨǵͳΪŵĶ³ǶȻǷǳСģټݵԺգĹӣһ˵ϲһЩûֻҪ˵ˣǾͿԸλҵļ̳˰ͽϹϵɽպ󲻹ʲô£Ҫ࣬ʲô棬ҪԼʲôġ
˴˵עˣڵ֪ûƽﵽˣȻȻܲµʲôˣ㲻λҵļ̳ˣҲδޣλεܲðɡ
ŵļ˼ƽֱӸ˹ĦгҪˣһŻˣ
С㣬
ׯ԰һ˳ͷİ׷ѾнʮˣҲһˡ
תͷһߣ˵Ѿˣʲô𣿡
ߺǲ˼С㣬ղʵڲ˼ǼҵЩ˲ۣС㣬Ҵϰ壬СǸ
ǸͲˣҾͲμʲôᣬȻǵѾҾ͸ûҪˣ
Ǹ¶Ϊֹ֪ĸ˭ѾͷǳãСʱͱ˸ˣĸۻǳԵĿڻ۵ĵһ֣СŴСĳ϶ٻŵ㽾οгӷĴ磬һܲõλãȻԺշǳǰ˾֮ģڵ⼸ŵļһ棬ģɲҺƤҪģˣӣȻҽȥ浱ǸϰǸʲôˣ
ǲмҪˡ
Ħгǰ˵С㣬ˣЩˣɶҪʰöؼҳԼˡϰ¹ģΪĿˣͲҪΪˣٴǸ
ߵһʮҵŮǸ⻹йΪģͬʱҲ˿Ǹ⡣
Χ˶Ƿ׷
֪λƴС㻹ǳС㣿
ĸҽ棬ֱӲӣƽǲԳǸĻ߶ˡ
֮Ҳϰ߱һһ͵Լǰ΢ͷģ˼һһͣʵйˡ
ǺðɣͿϣҾͲǼƽˡ
⻰һΧ
û뵽ô׾ͽˣλС㣬һӶûѽ
ѽƴС㻹ǳС㣬ݶʮԺյģȻûһӣʵѵѽ
˵λӻ᲻λСһһӶûУ
˵ɣǱϾǳҵļ̳ˣôܻһӶûУ㵱Щƶˣ
ߺǸм̫ллˣˣûʣλСմ
ճ
ԭǳС㡣ղһ룬ƴС㻹ǳСˣڼȻ֪ˣһ£ָɩûиһ
Ħг˵ҴҴɩҪæˡҲǴɡ
ӷ̶ˣʧѽͬʱЩͽӷҲɫһҪ˵뷨ˡ
ɷһ룬ҪֱӰͽλӿ²Ǽ׵£ܰͽλС㣬ͨʶӣһֻǶһˡңŮ˽űȸһ˽Ҫ׵ĶɣŮ˵ĶӣɱĶࡣ
뵽㣬ֲ뿪ˣȫע˳ϣһлᣬǰͽᡣ
Ҫׯ԰ʱԱ˺ܲãȵҡ
ӷǳǳģʽҲ̫˰ɣԳӵģǡ
һЦˡǣΪʲôԼܲã
ܲãҸղ·ˣ˺þòҵ⡣Ҳ֪⻪ʢٵļƳ̳۸̫ˣĹվȻһ·˹ġ
ӷߵߣȳ˵һЩĪĻʾ
ǸѾͷȻ֪ӷʲô
Ǿ͸һȥɡ
ʵС㣬λǣ
ǡ
ܲõ顣
飿
˼ܲŮ飬Ůܲ飬һô˧йСѵλСʲôرȺòɡ
ܲãҸղ˵ȥҪģûѽ
һߣЦȻǳС飬ȻˡλҽȥɣϾҪʼˣϰ׼һЩ飬ȻһԳӭӳСģ


1086 ʯ
λҪĿֻһλڳ˵Ӧ㹻ˣֻҪʶһλлͽϳҵļ̳ˣŽеϷ
ȻڳЩôҲ벻ʶҼ̳˵ͬʱλӣıôЩڹϵӰ죬йⳡʹ˾
Ѿʽʼˣ˵һᣬڳκһˣʮϣҪЩ˵ĲһĻ㹻κһһڷ籩ˡЩ˲ǳңǼһǮƻûгҵһ࣬Ӳȥѧңʲôڷ籩֮ģ飬Ȳ˵ģİȫеˣһҸ㾪˽ڷ籩ǸΪ㻹δ︻ɵй֮ǰǧҪȥѧң˸ͬĲҲҪȱ֤û˸Ҷ㶯ֱ֣ϡ
ղŴӷ˽ׯ԰ģĹܼңδʱҲǸдп˵ġ
Ǽȥһϰ塣ȫˣϰٲֵĻЩ˿ɶƢġǸ֮䶼ϵɵﲻرλС㡣
ܼҶǱڵĺ˵
һ˵ܼңѾȥϰķһˣϰ˵Ҫȴ飬ҪһŻȰкˡ
ʲôڳЩ˻ҪҪѵϳʲô𣿡
ǾͲ֪ˡϰķϰڷ֮⣬ˡ
ʲôϰķ䣬Ϊʲôû֪ͨң
ҲǸո֪ģʲôϰķ䶼֪һϰģϰһڷʲô£ϰǹҪܡ
ܼҿһׯ԰һӵķ䴰Ƿŵƣȴֻһ˵Ӱ
ܼҸϰѾʮˣϰӰȻϵĳǸӰڷĵƹ²ͣĶţ֤ϰûʲô⡣
ǣڷڳϰӰ֮⣬û˵Ӱˣôϰ巿ڵģʲôˣ
ܼе㵣ģڵ֮࣬ҪдеĿˣʲô¶Ҫϰȥġ
齻Ҵȥһϰ壬иҪĿĻû⣬ǵĴϰԭ¡
ܼ˵⻰ʱԼʹһɫԵ˵ȥϰģʵϣҪϰķڵ׻ʲôˣ
ǣϾȥ
ׯ԰ѷ˹ҲŷʯѷƽȽϵ͵ڹڳ¶ģϵ飬˾Ǹ߲ҲǺ֪ѷʯǴʲôطģЩ£ѷҲκˣԼ֮⣬׽˶֪ʯԴѷʯǳã
ѷѾʮˣûŮҲûˣһ˹ӵģסһôׯ԰ڣȴֻһ˼ңɼƽǶôĹµôļį
˿С㣬ˣ͵غ£һɣ
ѷվһӢʽŮǰŮͷϴŮķװȥСŮ˵飬ȴʮֿ£Ƥһףȴһ˫Ѫɫ۾ѷʱ˫۾ǳ£Ҳѷʮֵؿ־壡
а˿Ů˺һֺɫĶǺƣʵǣѪѪ
ѷǵʮǰҴСӦҴʲô𣿡˿ʵ
ǵģ׵¼Ĺ׵¼徭Ӫʯ⡣
òϣ⼸ʮķǳãΪ׵¼£ȴûиκˣ㣬Ҵǳ⡣ϸµʯΪʲôص⣿
˿С㣬ⲻܹѽ˽˴籩ˣʯȻҲͱסˣƬǳ죬ʱᷢ¹ʵģҲͲȥˡ
ıԣҲһãҾ͵ûһʯҲ㲻ʲôȻҴ˵ˣָôҽͣ
˿С㣬ǰȥҽԺ飬ҽ˵ѾǸΰĩˣ໹µңʵѽ밮˿С㷢ģҧһڰɣֻҪҾͻ׵¼ԶĹ
˿мƾҲ⣿Ҹ㣬׵¼Ѫͳɲˣַ
ǰ˿С㣬ңҡ
Ҳô£ǻµֻҪ㲻ٳʲô⣬˵Ҵ绹ķ㣬ǰǣҲ᷸ͬĴˡ
˿⻰ѷľѾˣ֪ԼѪ֮⣬ͲķԼ¡
׵¼λڰһôļ壬ѷǳǸ϶صѪ壬ӵž޴ĲƸȴܶԵģ
׵¼ΪѪ壬ҲҪѽѵѪͲûǮһôļ壬ҪǮҪٵǮԣ׵¼徭Ӫźܶ⣬ڱеģǷųľӪߣҲǼˣֻһЩܰˣ
ѷΪ׵¼ôµķϣҿԸ㣬ҴѾ˻ʢ٣ܻܲ£ͿԼˡ
һ⻰ѷһλ˹ʵ˿С㣬˵ģ˻ʢ٣
ûҪƭ㣬ڣȳȥдĿˣΪ»⣬ҲˣھͿȥˡ
ããϳȥ˿С㣬ѵʢһˣ͸һȥȼɣ
ˣ׼ʲôطڶе
ڵҡ
ţԼȥȥɡ
ǣ˿С㣡


1087 ͻȻİݷ
ׯ԰ڰӣÿһ϶ڷȫָľƣйę́Һ˵ɣһƿģɼЩƵǮȫһҲ˹üӵˡ
ƺþƹΣʹ޵ǣЩνĸÿһСھƣͻὫʣµһԱߵרŷžƱϣַҲѾΪǵһϰƵģ˷ָ˼㡣
νž·жǣ仰ֳϣʺϲˣ
ׯ԰֮ǰݾѾ¶ˣȻģڳˣڨһ£һʱҲڨķɣϾڳˣûһʸԸңŴϹϵģܹȥһӻңǾͶ˶ˣԣڳÿһ˶ڵȣ᲻һͷվһͷڨɹˣԼҲͲҪȥֱ̫࣬ӹȥкҲáͷ˱˦һߣǾͲܻȥڨˡ
˵ڳ˶ͬ뷨ЩһǱȹ˭ɵͷȻȻģڳׯ԰ڣûһ˸ҹ˵
ӷֳϣΪҪǲܻ
˵ؼļ̳Ҳôڻû֣
ӷһԣΧһƬյأû˸ӽģҲݵɣƫƫݵʹĹĵ¶һ
磬㻹֡ÿһ˶㣬ȴżǸʲôؼļ̳ˣѵʲôֵõĵط𣿡
ӷЦЦ˵˵ҪõĻڳ֮⣬ÿһҶãǰǣûõʱ
⻰˵Ĳ԰ɣҵǰ׹ܲõλӣԭҪԼȴңѵⲻ𣡡
ãҵĻ𡣽ţҲ¡
ҵ££
ңɢˣҪʲô²µģһܵõһƬµĻҵԸ˵ָͽƬ±һױ
ţ˵ˡ㵱ʱҵ磬Ϊ͸ɩģ
ôصҲ֪ˣǸţǸ͡
˵ţ磬һʼˡ
Ŷ˵˵ʲôʱ仹磬ΪҪ˼һûӷҪҲʱʼʱɡ
ŵĹ˵һ˶Ƶģ㣬ȫ綼֪⼸ʲôϼһﶼҲµĲĻӦҪʼ˷ˣųһǵ
ӷ˵ͷ㣬Ҳе¡
ôģ
ɩ˵ҪҷĻϼһͲʲôжǵжӲƿˣԣںüε̻УҶ˴жϣȻˡ㲢ҪģҪǣ˵ͲôĵӣеӣҲڳҵģô˼ǵһһɼȻˣȨˣǾ˵ǵıһһɷǳӴҵŵҵ֧ǡ
ڳĿӷʮֵ⣬ҲԼĿ
ҲʲôǳǵĵһжȨ㿴ƴȨֻ֮ô
ͺˣһȨˣͻὫŵҵȫй©ȥͬʱǱ֧ǵˣҲ˻ڹϿʼԸšӴҲǹɷƵģϾһȫмţκһм˵˭Ǯ˭ͿԽûйɶ֮£ֱӴӹˣֻҪŵĹƱһңǾͻ룡
ŵĹƱгϣӦû˭ǸɡȻѾ֪ǵ뷨Ǿ͸һλᣬǵ˼·ȥɡ
ʲô磬㲻ǿЦɣ
ҴӲЦְ֪֪Ĺʲô
ͷҪộҪôݣҪô
û㡣ʵ㲢ǶְͨԱߣҲҪļס㣬һԽڻͨˣֿԷõĻͳɹˡҪĵһ̣ڶǶǺݣһǱ֧ߣȫϼȥԼô㣬ŸĻǶһûСʱǣɣܰţҲͿԾԷĵĽȥˣ
һұȽϵġ
ʲô
үү⼸ʮδҡҵλҽŸƶһµλ᲻᲻ѽ
뵽㣬ӣѾ֪һﱳ֧˭ˡ
иɣĿǰҲҰٷ֮ٵĿ϶
ȥҾ֧㡣
Цһ£˵磬֪ϵĵӷǳأܶȥԣŵ£ͷĺˣһṼġ
˿̣ׯ԰ˣŷʯˣһ֣пˣҲӭȥһʺá
ѷڳ˶кΨŮڼԼֺ󣬾ȻԭһҲûûԼƵġ
ѷǸܣȻܽʯϣ۹ȻǷǳصġ
Ҳûȥˣѷֱӳӷ˹ܼҸڣеĿˣȫѷ
֮ǰ֪ôڨиͷ֣û뵽ͷ񣬾Ȼѷˡ
ѷķߣҲˣͷȻģ϶ԷһܼҸЩŵĶԭѷˣӦòɫɡ
ӷѾԼ˵ŵ㿴Ŵͺãڣȸ˼Ҵкɡ
վͬʱѷĴ£Ѿ˳ӷǰ
ѷǿһ۳ӷ磬۹۸ʶ˵Բòȡ˵ģʲôʱĹܼ˵ϰ壬λǳС㣬ߵǳС顣
Ϊǳӷ磬û뵽ֻǳ飬ΪҼ̳˵ĳӷ磬Ҳĵİ˵ɡ
ѷ벻ӷ绹ôĵ
ԭǳС㣬ܵĵѽ֪Сⳡûʲôĵط
ЦܲһǱȽϲġ
ܵõСһǿɱʲôֵѽ
ѷ˵ЦˣֻǸСѾͷѣ̳ϣѷҵǰ
С㲻ǻ⣬˳Ưôǫ飬ûκμӣѵѽ
ɲ˵ĻϾΪ˴ĵҪصģ
ѷⳡҲΪһ˿İɣ磬㻹ǶЩİɣҲ̫ϰ̫˾һ𡣡
ɲУѵ뵽ŵܲãôţҲҪСΪ˵仰ѽ
ЦϼһѾͷʹˣڻҪԼЩ˵ⲻҪΪԼ
ѷҲ˳˵ʲôֵͣ˸ΰĩڣûϺͿͿתС㣬һİɣҲһЩϵ顣
Ȼѷ˵ˣܲӡ
˶һϲԼлͽλСˡ
ɾ˸ҪʱһӴſǱߴ
ѷðݷãӦòɣ
תͷȥֻ꣬ͬʱӴſ˽Ѿرգ治֪ôġ
Ƕˣһˣͬʱ˹û˿ıӻѷ֮⣬ʱҲûȥڳκһˡ
ĳ֣ӷ绹еԾû뵽һȻҴҡڳԼǰ·ǲߣԼ
ֳϣӷȻö֣ܲȫˣǾҪǵˣ


1088 ҩζʮ
ͻȻİݷߣʹĳӷɱ⣬ǳϲԵĻƳӷ˳֣Ѿˡ
ѷڼһҲ˿ĳԾɫѿûˣеһȴʶģҹϵ㲻Ҳж෽
ҵ˭أԭľ鳤ѽ
ѷ֮Ϊľ鳤ļһȻľأѷĳƺͿɼ֮Ĺϵ㲻ģȻҲûʲôˣϾѷ˱Ƚر𣬸ʲô˶Ǹٳϵĸ߹٣Ǻڵϵʶ
ľһȻǵ裬˵ߵһҲһɺϰɣڻʢľظɱӷ磬ҲͲҪ̫Ĺ˼ˣ
ʵĳЩ˵ҲǸߣΪľظ죬ͷԣȴľ֮£֪ǿ˶ٱ
һ˵ôǿûоͷȥϵĻҲɾͲʲô£ľǻһ𣬲ò˵ڳӷ˵ȷһвѽܽ⼸һĻҲһΪĴ󻼵ġ
ľѷǰ˫֮һºãľ˵ѷðݷãӦòᵢɣ
ľ鳤˵Цˣ붼벻ģ֪㵽˻ʢٵĻεһġҲãԼˣպҲܹҲѣ
˵꣬ѷһ۸ľһˣʵľ鳤ѣҲһͷɣ
Ϊѷһ¡λϣ죬ӦĴɣ
ϣ죿
˵ľصĽܣѷ൱ĳԾһеٮٮߣдʵ֮һˣͬʱϣļ̳ˣѷСΪ׵¼µģϵЩֿĺܣ
û뵽үľ鳤ѣλͬʱСطֱѽ
û˵ӲмЩ˶ʲôӱ˵ǽˣ
λй裬ûʲôȴһǳ˲ǱɣıͬһӴʲôҿɲ˵
ľ˵ˣȻ򵥣㣬ѷĺܡ
һйˣһһǳбйˣľҲûк˵ϾıŶʴ۳ȻҪһϣϺܶ౶ȻڵıһţǸϣҲͬնˣ
ǳӭλĵȰλһŵܲðɡ
ѷ㲻ҪΪľ˽ܳڳʶһȻѷܵʱ򣬻е㲻ͷˣ
С㣬λղҲˣǷǳ˲ľ鳤үǰλŵܲãСˡ
ľͬʱ˳ȴûȥĳӷ磬ӷҲ֪һѾԼ˵֮ǰѾ֪ԼڳȻ֪ǻܹһһгˣ
ſʨֶһŮΪŵܲãһСȻг֮ѽ
Цһ£˵ˡ
ʵС㣬ֽôûһ
һתʵʶҴ磿
Ȼʶʶˡ
֪ӷһ֮飬ȻΪں˵ģҲñֳһЦ˵ҴҪûʱ
ǳСλǣڿ˳ӷ磬֪ʵó΢΢һѵһûк˵ʶӷ磬Ҳ֪ԼλԼĴ磬ɼȻ֪Ϊʲôһʡ
Ŷҵ顣
費ɵһЦ˵飿С黹رѽ
ʲô˼
ûʲô˼С㲻ҪᣬֻǸо̫飬ɡ
һﵨӻ֪ʲôˣȻ˵Ļ
ڳҲһλС㷢쭵Ļ治֪ᷢʲô£
ǰɣ
ͺˡ
㣬ǲ
ĵһ仰ѷһô£ʶˣôôĻ
һ룬ĻҲ̫ˣ˵ҲԷʲôˣ㱳ٴܴĹ
һЦ˵С㣬ֻǿЦˣαءλ飬ӦҲϵġ˵Ķ԰ɣλʲô飿
ӷ粢ûں˵ĻһĮĵӣ˿ҹգ˵ҹɫ治ѽҹ淢˵ʲôµĻһܾʰɣ
λ飬֪뷢ʲôʵ飿ľʵ
Ҹѣƽֻ֣ļܲôС¶ѣ뵽ʲôʵѽܲ˵ڵĻҲһ쵽ģλĻţкַܶ棬λû뿪


1089 ϵ
ⳡǻҩζʮѽǳĳ˵Ļкܴ˿ҲˣʵΣֻгӷľ
Ϊ˼ҵѷɲܿԼ˶ңĿ˶ݣеλԲԼκ⡣
ѷҲ֪˵ʲôãһŵܲãҲѾ˵ĳԶɽ۶ڵǱһô̬ȣ֣ǳ׽ȥܣŵ˵ڣ£˭Ϊ֮Կһ棬һձֻĽɫһϣļ̳ˣһ֪ݱйˣ˫һ򣬹ڳÿһˣҪܵǣһҲܲˣѷԼڡ
ǣѷҲ֪ôȥѽ̳ķˣǰû˵ĳ棬ѷڿٵתţҪһ˫ܱסӣֲֵĲķ
ľؿһ۳ӷ磬ӷһľȻѾµģֻû뵽ǣӷȻðһСС顣
˽ԼˣԶԼˣҲԼѣ෴ԼĵˡΪĵˣҪ㳹׵ĴܣǾͱҪ˽һУһһߴˣǾ͸һһֻ·һ
ڳӷ˽⣬ľ⼸˹򣬲ʲô棬йĵ飬鵽ӷСʱȥˣԴ˵֪˺֪ܶϣҲһЩӷ粻Ϊ֪飬ǳӷһԸֻĶ
ľȻ֪Ͳǳ۵ŮŮǣǳӷСʱڹ¶ԺϵһãʮûˣԴӳӷһȥ۵ʱ򣬲Ÿؾۡ
Ȼģľ֪ӷһֱÿӷ籾ԣ˳ӷΪĵǼˣǳӷһᷢģǸʱ򣬲ľػǵ죬ûκΰڳӷ±סԣľزɵһ뷨Ҫɱӷ磬ʹӳӷߵ֣ô뷨̫ɣҲ̫£
С㣬λֻǸ㿪Цˣ˵ûҪô档
ľظ˵һʾټȥˣͻŪɳ׾һƵĳӷ粻һеʱǺǺصġ
ǳľ֮˽ӷˣȻľص˼Ҳǳͬ
ɵ첻ͬΪ˱ͳ嶯ĽʱۿԼѾץһߣô֡
һСС飬ҲҴԲѣǶ³ӷ磬ǰҲҪͷ˵
ðɣ⻰˵ģڳˣ첻˳
㻹浱ǸʲôˣȻ˵Ĵ󻰣Ȼǲ֪ϣһôĴڣǿԿ϶ǣ˵һڳҵУҲֻǸƨҺδӼκ˷ڹˣȻκ˷Щ˵еȻҲὫ䵱һ£
λĿǲСȻ˸һС˵
˶վڳ˵仰һܾͰͽ˳ңκһ˷ӦȺ֮һŮ˵
ȫתȥֻһͷŮˣׯ԰һ˳Ůϴĺر𣬵͵Ůװʱ͸ݵӰƵġ
ѷһŮ˳֣һĸǼӿٶȣλ̲ڵҳԡ͡ôܳˣ
ӷö˸ľˣҲѾߵѷǰŮˣŮ˭ľ֪Ҳ֪ӷĺѽ
˿
һ֣ɵĴӳӷ˵˳һ˵ڣȻѷ߶ȵ⡣
˵ͨˣǾԲ֪˿ģȻ֪˿ѵ֮ʶ
ⲻܣ˿ǰ׵¼ĳԱһѪС飬ܲõ飬Ҳʶѽ
ѵǰС飬ͲԼеϸľǰԲѵ˵Ҫѷ뵽ʲôˡ
ѹֳһСԼ˰죬ԭһֱվڳС飬һλѽû´ĻС飬Ӧþǳҵļ̳ˣӷˡ
뵽Щѷһ亹ԣӷľʶģҾԲѣվ˫ĵλ˵ѣǾһǵˡ
ľǳӵĵˣ¿鷳ˣԼôʶйһ仰˵ڵԼ˽վӣⲻ
λСǣ
ľؼ˿һͷŨŨˮζֻεģŨҵѪζֻͨˣŻᱻƭ
ľ˵ļʶ˵һˣʱŨҵѪζǾ˵ֻӵݣһʱ̵Եĳɱ֣һɱˣԵĶȵˮҪ࣬ҲΪɱ̫ˣö֮ϾͻһŨҵѪζѪζԶ޷ģֻζס
һݣǱѪΪʳˣҲԱ׳ƣѪ
û뵽ѷȻһѪٿⰮ˿ӣϵĴţѪѪеݣӦûѽ
ѷܵλ԰İ˿С㡣
׵¼ĳԱ
˿Цǡ
֪ܳʲô𣿡
ھ󲿷ֵ˵Ƿǳµģ׵¼壬û¹Ļҵǿɱһأʵ˵ҪɱӦǼǳ׵顣
ҪְĿգŮˣѽ
Ȼôҵĳ֣ҲӦòᰭʲô°ɣү
ʶң
Ȧˣ˭ûŹүĴѾ۷֮ˣŲ֮һ۷֮үҲʮİհɣ
۷֮ǳսСɫʸûаɡ
ԱߵĳӷһλôƯС㣬Ҿãʲô£μʲôۻᣬӦʸġ
˿תͷЦлλСĳȫˡ
⣬˿ֿ˵죬˵˵۷񣬺ǶʮǰʨģûʸۿҲ˵ɡ
˵˲㣬ѵһС˵˾ɣ浱Լǿʨˣҫġ
ӷһЦ٣ҿβܡ
㡭
죬αظһС鶯أ˻ܲõƨ֮⻹ʲôݣλӵĻҲֹоһС飬ţҲûʸ㶯ŭ
ˣ˵һС飬һСġŲţҿȫƲ
㣬綼κεĻɰɣΪŵܲãȷ
˿֣֪淢飬Ҳ֪ӷˣŻ˵仰ģȻѷл˵ֻԼ˵ˡ
λǽȫѷĹͣ϶ȥһʧǵݣѷΪѣҲ뱻˵Цɣ
ѷЦѽλȻҽǾͶҵѣ硭
ѷ⻰˵ھͺˣľѣ񲻾ǳӵĵˣҵĵˣѾѽ
˿˵λҿȿʼⳡɣ飬˵Ҳ
ӷ粻˵ˣ˵ǾͿѷϣҲǼƽˡ
ӷӻܲ˵ûҧһڣ㲻ҧȥɡлĻһשͷǼֻ
ŭһ㡭
죬嶯ѵ𡣡
ãٸˡ


1090 Ϊ۷
磬һʲôѽʵ̫Ŀˣһ۾Ͽģ
ǷŭľȽ˳һ㡣
ȻʲôˡҪʲô£һﶼǼȵΣշӣСձ
Сձҿ˵һѽ
ܶ飬ǶܿȥжһˡСձľء
ľأľأձɽͷϴֽձֻ죬ձҪɫ¡ң˵һﻹɱ׸ֳ
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪľЩ飬ɶ˿֪ɼľνŭԹĽɫ
Ķ㣬һ̾ѽҪŪ֮Ķ֮ľصһˡ
˵ӷΪ˶ЦصɽݲİӲݡҪľصĶòϣϣӷĺܳף
һǿˣû뵽˵Ǹ߱ɱֵľأҲǳģģлĻһҪѵ
ŵϼһǱ֧ߣԷȥԸǡľأ뷨ҪУΪˣ̫ΣգҼ˵Σյһʲôϣ죬ͱ׸ʵ˹⼸ˣľѽʵǿûľصǵȶ֮
â硣磬㲻һֱϲΪʲôԸľأеĵӣ
ӷЦһ£ȷԼȷеˣⲢ˵ɱľأǳӷڵľǼ֮ˡ
ϰ˵ǼУľһ𾳽磬ΪԴߵģҲ˵Ǳҵĵһ󣬾ľءȥǱ֮˲˵ܣľؽǳӷһˡ
ν󣬲˵ĵˣľ˵Կܻ󣬵ӷ˶ˣľػᵹô֮ʲô£ǰĳ嶯ӲǰˣСߣԶӰڱ󣬾㱩¶˳ҲὫԼǻչǰ
޼ܺõӣ̫â¶³·һ
ľȴһ֮ڲŸˮģ֮ǰľظӷһһҪ˵ɱˣɽ鶼ţʱľһķѧҵϡɾһ˺ۣձɽеЩϴϿɵļһȻ̼ձһдۣ߱ɱ֣ĸףƵձĵ䷶Ůˡձĵ䷶ŮôģŲҪͣձʲôAV粻ҲˡǴ磬ţһǸ󻼵ģܣ㲻ʱ򣬴ߵ֡
ԲܡľǸôҷǳԲĳЩɵһһŴߵ֣ɹıκ˶硣ҲΪľزǵɵ£һҵκһ˶ĳáⳤãһڣҲһ£࣬Ҳһ֮ڵɡ
ܶ鲻ɵĳӷȥ˷ʱ䣬ĿǰΪҪģĵˣǺǱߵĶҲǳӷ粻֪ģǻʲôʱԣӷҲֻһʱˣһ֮ڣҪƽ˵磬Ǭ硣
˿̣е˶ѾģȻǸǱйϵġ
ϵ飬żгӷֻҪĻƿһоͿˣ㣬ӷɱľĺõĶ࣬٣ʱ˿̣ӷ綼ûб¶Լľأȴ¶̫ˣĶӷ粻磬ϣӷǴӮң˫Ǵ˸ƽְɡ
ӣǺþòˡ
˿ʱ˳ӷߣŮ˾Ȼʶӷ磬еԾ
˿С㣬Դϴ֮ҲѾذȥ㲻ڰţôܵʢˡ
˿ϴҲ֪ǲȥҳӷģŮ˴ڳӷֻӷ鷳Գӷ統ʱˣû뵽ֳңǴѷķ߳ģɼѷĹϵͬһ㡣
ѷֻ׵¼һˣԵǸӣʲôֵġ
ʲô
ӷǳԾѷȻǼһҲ˵׵¼ˣ
û뵽ѽŷʯȻ׵¼¡
ӷ簵һЦǸԼһõĻѽܽѷŷ֮ͨһϵϹǱʩӵѹƶй߻кܴİ
ڳһЩȥ£ڿѾûǸҪˣһѷѾ㹻
ӷڲ˵£Ҫ֪׵¼ǷԼģԼɲǽˡϴձ飬ɳ׵¼ľӢ¥սӷƽ뿪ձǲܽȫ꣬ӷҲɵȫ꣬˵պõĵǵĵط
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ҲǸղ˳֣֪ԭӴݹ٣Ȼҿɲֵġ
ûңܵʢΪʲô£
ʲô£ȻǿϷˡйձĹʹ˾Ǻ䶯磬ĺϷįļ壬ȻҪˣҴҲѾʢˡ
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Ǿ͵Ϊ˿ʹ˾ģ
ӷ粻׵¼ĵֵزģҲܹѽ
Ȼһ¡
ʲô£
۷֮
ʲô񣿡
۷ѽٸװͿòã
㣬۷Сı˸ԭΡ
ô˵ġȻˣҴ硣Ҵο˳׼ģҲҪʮҪ˵ˣҪҪл㣬Ϊɱ˹Ļ㸸ɱѪħĻ۷ҲλӿճˡǸѾΪ۷һԱʣһλӣȻȫиֶҪġ
̩ɽ֮սʱɱѪħǸʱ۷Ϳճһλӣͱ׵ĸʵǸʱѾӽ۷徳磬ԹԵģֱһ˽۷񣬸ʵĻø˵죬ԣѾ۷ϵĸˣ
ε۷ᣬʮǰĿɴͬȲ˵ģĿǰ۷ϵĺü֣Ѿ𾳽磬û𾳽ˣҪȥε۷ȥװ
һ棬ЩֻСԣǲҪݽȥ
Ҷ˵ˣҴȥҡ
ǰװˣʲôĺܡܵʢӦþİɣ
µˡûȷҴģҲΪ׵¼塣
ΪʲôģǧҪȥҿԱ߹սҲһ˰ɡ
˵Ŀ۷ȷ㸸׿ʨģڣ㸸ѾЩˣѵ㻹ܴ㸸𣡡
ˣ˼ǱɱģԣЩνĸҪ۷սĵһˣȻң˵Ҿⳡ۷֮սʼٸߣʼٸ˵˶㣬ң˭˵˲㣿
ȷΪﱻӷɱⳡ۷֮ҲͲᷢˣľǾ͸𾳽磬ҲֻԸӷˣûҪ۷Ȼ۷λиֶҪսӷ磬ȻȻĸľһõĻᣬŵʱ۷֮ʮֵΣգ֪ľǻʲôһӷԿ϶ȵһսǾⲻ˵ģ
ڵˣ̫֪ߵغˣͼֻСҲ۷±˸𣡡
˿תͷȥһʵĽѽ
죬Ѿ۷ϵĸˣӦòСᶼЩ˰ɣ
ᣬĳλӲѾ׵¼ɲκξѽϾ۷񣬿˼ҵӽģӡ
߹˵ү˵ҪСһ㣬ĳ˵ӿСɫǲģһĳһ鲻ãܻȥһ״˵С»ѽ
ԣԣԡңĳ˵ӿǿʨѽӵͷѾ޵ˣʲôѽ鷳𣡡


1091 Ҷ
ԣľܵͲݷѷģרƳӷġֻ֪⼸һô̵ʱıǮ֮ǰͱӷɱԳӷǿԴͲ֣ڣȻ
ֳƣӷֻȻһЦһʵǺѽʲô˵ôƫƫó˵£ǲ̫˵㡣
һϣļ̳ˣһʴ۵Ĵߣû뵽۾ôС򲻹ʹ򲻹˵仰׸ͷ˵Ҿʹ󷢴ȱһˡǣƫƫҪҸ׸ѵ治֪ΪɻģǱ˸˵𡣡
ȷԳӷ˵ʲô˶˵ǿų۵ͷģͲὫһй鹦ڳӷԼϡ
Ҽ̳ݣȷͷʹѽˣ˵Ӧõģûãȫˣ
ʵԳӷǰǰڣǰǿ֮⣬Ҳûùҵѽ֮ǰӷ綼ǿԼϾǼģչʱĺţʱǽŵţҲֻ˵ǳӷõļıѣЩһ˼ƣΪŲģֳܹӷʱĳӷɻ֪ԼţֻǸɺϰˡ
ߣˣ֪֪һϵûе֮£ȥŵû˸Ұɣɵʱĳӷңңˣ˶Ϊŵķֹ˾ѵǳӷԼʵ˵ı˵ǿ˭˭ģҲδ̫Ʋ˰ɡ
һһȥģѳӷ˵һͷβӵܣʵӵܲǳӷ磬Լ
˿ȥﶯģڳͨ˿ɶ̳ϵľӢӣȫܵ˺˵ĻǹƲһСʱŷҵͻңҲпܵȫҵңǲǰ˿뿴ģӲǳӷ뿴ģΪ˭ûкô
үӦúϣһôĴڡòϣУǳӴ󡣿ֲĲôɡ£ҵӢܵ˺һὫ´ȥģ㵽ʱû˸Ҷô٣˸˰ɡ
һĴڣûнǮ֧ŵĻҲ߲˶Զ
֮ã˵һϼңܴ֮ӹŵ֧һӴڽǮȻٲ˵ģǮԴɾˡ
һССѪԱȻвҡ
ңֻΪүˡҲţԵүݣԲôĵ飬ˣҲǱġ
˿һ裬УвʵǿҪԼĶ֣гӷڳ轫һġ
û뵽Ů˻湻յģȻ֮ĹϵҸ㣬ַǴشˡ
˵ţһĶóӷ籶ӵ
ֻһ۽Ǳһֻ֣ƣⵥϰԵСʹĳӷ롣
ȥԼ۽ǣһ۾ϰߣֻо۾ˣŻϰߡһֻϰԵƣһôϰߣһôС
˿̣ӷԺУͻȻֳһˣСǸ˶߱ˣͷԱȽϷӹߣǸˣ̫ˣ
ⲻѽǸѾˣԼģǷǣôܡѵʴ۸Ĺ
ӷǰһ˿Լ˫ۿ裬ʵ㣬˭
費ɵһЦ˵ӣѼ棬ȻҶϲˣ⻹ѽ
ôܣǡ
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˶٣΢΢仯Цӷ磬û뵽ɣҷ죬ֻˣ
죬裬Ƿ죬ǸսթȴӼߵļһûûڶһսбӷըĺúõġӦ˵ȷѾˣڵֻסڰˡ
֮治ѽΪڼеʵĵһܼįģû뵽㲻ûΪߡɾôѵΪֽߣܶʲôҪɱһΣҲֻ̼ѡ
ȻһţӲôɱһΰɡ
裬ŶӦýˣ㡭
ӷ磬ѵֻǵһѵģֻһ𡣡
ڷ˵ڶóӷһѣóӷǳϤǡ
ôܣô飬һ壬꣬ûĻǡ
޼Ҳû
ӷ磬쵰ĺúõģһ޼ô׾ˡˣ㻹Ƿһͷ
ѽʱĻ޼ôģֱӱӷͷˣջ޼ı̬Ὣǡ
һգһ̬һȻͬһ壡ʴۣģַĳ
Ȼռ޼꣬ҲһһѽΪʲôΪʲôҪ˵Ϸͬһ棬е˵ȥɣ
ãǳã⻹Ѽѽľأ죬޼ĵˣټһϣĵ죬̫ˡȻǼѾյһǾͱһ׵ģɴ㣬ѸʵҲйɣⳡϷǴһ棬һ֮ô⼸쵰
ľ˵ӣȻҲ˵ҶѣȻѣ˵ĻδҲ̫˰ɡⳡϷҪģɸô棬ΣѾû˵ʸˡνˮתʵۻ֣Ҳֵһ˰ɣÿζƿȫ֣Ƕ˵ǲ̫ƽˣ
ӷ˵ҲǸСˣȻҪһȫ֣Ȼ˵ˡǼסһ㣬ÿһϷĹڣҪȥƻϷĻǿԣԡ


1092 Ϊ֮
ľϴЦ֣ˣͬϰߣҲЦǻ˵ưɣУӷ磬ͬС
˵ԼǸԻˣԲǰٷ֮ٵĺˣӷ粻мӢۣӢԹŶӲмȥˣԹỴ̂ʵһͬ㣬ͬ㣬ȴǰڣֻǽһߣ
Ȼпʨͷӷ磬ҲòϣǸ͵ۣ֮䣬ǿԸô޴вڳԷ˯ʱ򣬶ļסвǰң϶Ϊ仰ʱ̷㣬ǻ޼ֱɱȥͬˣıһʨۣǵıͬšҶӵܰɣǽͿ˭ĺ̨ȽӲˡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦľ⻰˵ģʵ̫ЦˡϲҿɽԼǲͬһζűĿɽ£Ǿ㵽ɹˣҲ˿ĳɾ͸иеģ㵽һĵλ֮󣬾ͻãԭԼǰһУΪԼʵǿ󣬶ԼһĿɽһˣͺ׳٣ٵһôĵزɾ˵ˣ
£ӷͷϲľض磬ҪΪһֱǿŸĻҲ㣬ֻ㲻Ҫڲźã
ʵǰӷҪ𣿲ãǰĴʱҲʹǱ߽˵֣οڣӷӵŲ񷶦һΪصĴڣӷҲ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ܸ׵һôľ磬϶۷徳磬Ҫ񷶦»һɡͬʱӷҲΪ񷶦ĹǿȥģȻһ񷶦ܳԽԼĸףôӦԻ֮Ǵʲôأڻ֮⣬ֽһô磿
ǰ黹ûΣûӴںѾ׸үүȶˣ첻ͬ죬Ҳͬڽ죬ᷢʲô£˭ܱ֤ӷû˼ȥ񷶦֮һôǿ磡
̼ͳüԴߣȻ򵥣žҸףҲ̫ܰĵ
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ѽȷпܣܱϾǿܣһԵ⣬ǿ̫صĻ»ٴγԿġ˵ˣǼҲδ̫˰ɣΪҵֻǳңҸףүүⷽν⣬ܣ⣬ǱЩİȫģһʱûУܵ𡣡
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ڣأղŻǰ벻ȴӰˣκεһУȫȻʧˣʧ
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ӷϲģϲڱͰӣָʲôʱͳԼ󣬸Լһǿɾ̫ʹˡ
ľظҲתԼıͻȻһѵԼ˵ҲûӷӰѽ
ⲻܣôһϢоˡ
ľףԼεľ֮ܣҲ˳ӷղŵ˼ȷЩԼڵѽ
ӷͲҪڳӷ˵ҲûκεĺôȲᱩ¶˲񷶦ĴڣҲľ֪ǿһǿڱǻԶԶ
硣
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ľȫתͷȥֻӷѾһ䣬һǰƷˣ
ⲻܣôģ
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ѵʲôʱûе𣿡
һʱûеĻҪΪЦˡˣһǳԹٿġ
˵ۡ
磬ۣ
ûӷ۵Ĵߣ㣬綼֪˵õ۵ľۻʾ֮⣬һܵõʲôǶӦǰδ¶ģԲǵǰʧΡ
˵ľҲͷˡ
һ۶ѣӷٶĺöҲסӷ
Ȼ⼸һΪӷҲȥǣҪӵеĵ۸ҵģǾ͵۵İɣǾ仰Ժ󣬿ɱڲźá
Ҳˣȥɡ˿˵һȥ
ӷĪĻصԭأһȥһصģʵ̫죬ľĿɿڴֱӽŴˣ
ңֻһ棬Ϊ⿿Ǳ֮ˣͿԶԸң٣ҲҪǱ֮ˣǵʲôöɡʲôûҲ첻ɱǣ͵ҷˡ
ʵӷһĿģҲϰ˵ģҪľǱ֮˸ˮ棬Ҫ
ڳӷеĶľûУΪоԵİնԸӷ磬ľǱǿߣҲеС˰ɡ
㲻ֻҪһͱҵߡ
һεᣬΪľǵĳ֣˳ӷȫ̼ƻǿؼļ̳ˣڵ˻ûкãǲܳӷȻҲûıҪ


1093 
֪ӷҲڻʢ٣ͲҪӷԼԼѾȥˡ
ƼңڵƵ㾭ѾƼҵˣеһȫȥǰǵͻСҲԲûƼҽֻĳЩѡ
ڲͬˣ̵Ľ죬гӷţƵ㾭Ҫȥ˼ʲô𣬾ԿԷĵϣһЩǰδ顣
ںƼʱӷҲǸպûѾӴˣĽܣҲ֪˺ʲôˡ
׵¼䲻һȫĴ壬һϵļ壬ҲѪеٮٮߡ
ǰ׵¼ͲڰģӢķչΪѪԱΪ˱ⱻͨ˷ԼЩر˵ĴڣǲϵĻطסһطʱѾǲ׾˶ٵطˡ
ӷ֮ǰ͸˵һʢٵĿģҲԽԽȤ¸µ۷֮ϣȫеĸֶ֣Ҳᣬ֤һԼʵ޷۷֮УҲ㳤˼ʶɣϾ۷ϵĸУԼʦžŹùڣҪЩһϸ£ڵ̻֪֮ģ
ڳӷ˵ҲҪȥ۷ʱǴĳԾҲǵģܵʢ۷Ҳ㣬Ҳý¸̰ɣ˵񣬸ڶӷˣ
ɣҪ֪¸µ۷֮սɸǰĲֽͬ۷ϵĸ֣ѾкüһȫµĽ׶ΣټľǼҲѾȫµĽ׶Σһս֪Ǹ۷徳磬Ҫ۷ҲѾǾԲˡ
ʵӣ˵ʲôȫ¾磿
һʱҲ˵ʱǾͻ֪ˡ֮۷֮ɲģȥĻֻ֣ܿܶΪֵĺûʲôҲ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ε۷һȫµͻƣ۷ϵļˣҲҪʼλˣҲ˵ȫµ۷ϣȫµ֣ÿһ˵Ϊ󲻵ġ
ʵӷ磬أε۷֮˵ףΪġûҪ۷֮׸
ҲȥκʲôǸλӣͲ̫ʺңҸӲΪ۷֮ҵݸ¶ˣϾڽĺܳһʱҵĵ˽޷ԤƵģһЩһȫңǶ˵ûκεĺô
ӣ˵쵽ѷң
˵£ҸպҪȥ㣬ȻԼˣҲͲ˵ʲôϻйձǳʹ˾Ӧúɡ
ǵģҲʢٵһĿġ˵йձĹ˾ֵĺܴ󣬶Ҿ֪ձҲǵһĸйⳡ˾ڱһʲôģͬʱҲϺܶҵ߹٣ȫⳡʹ˾дѹй
˵ûǲĴ㣬ҲѾˡǹҵĴʦѾɱһ룬ʣµһҵڱҲܱ֤ձ滹ʲô˵һһľڱԣҪӦЩˣҾͱ顣
ʲôԸľܿڡ
ӷ˵ͷ˵Ҫŷҵ磬ڹ˾ʼʱҡ
еûƵģʵӣܲ˵һΣ
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ǵġ֮⣬ѷ˵Ƕҵˣˣȥ£ҲͲ˶йκεˡȻҪôĿǰûãҪⳡʹ˾𵽰ٷ֮ٵЧԣһڹ˾ʼʱϵģֻҪѷ׼һУҵĻҪҲһеģŷеҵãȫĴҡֻҪŷߵҵףһӰ쵽ҵҵõģʱȥȶסйһϹҪҵ£ǸʱҲֻţⳡȫԵľΣ
Ϊһ˾ӷȻҪȫԵľΣҪ֪ǳԶɽҲֻ޸˳Σˣû뵽ӷ磬ȻҪȫԵģ
ԸϹȫκһʩѹȫйߣĻ᲻ֵ̫ˣ˵ˣѷһ˵Ǿ԰첻ġ
ҪľǰԽԽáȻһѷԴﵽҪҪԣʱ׵¼ҲҪȥ⣬Ѿϵ¥Ǳߣ¥ʯͼ۸ҲǣͬһʱȥǸ֪Ĺңȴס˰ʯͣҵ뿴Ǹʱ򣬻˭ȥձձ벻䶼С
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ѽĻҪӮⳡ˾һİնûСձǸҼҲǸصȻǵĴѾҸѹסˣⲢ˵ձǱ߲ж
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һӵ绰Ǻڹġ
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ʲô£
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ģձСӾȻһס
ӣģձɱ֡
ŶЩʲôˣ
ƽӶţ


1094 ƽӶ
ƽӶţʲôӷǰɴû
ƵǱߵôˣ
ڹڵ绰˵ĿǰѾǸֵԷ࣬ʮӶÿһͨˡԽھƵﱣʦţǵ˾ͷֲ˾Ƶ֮⣬ʱԷһƴɱ
˵ʲô˵һ飬ǵˣȫֲ˾Ƶ֮⣬ھƵСһˣ
ǵġĿǰҲ벻ƽӶŵĳҲǵ֮⣬ǵ̫٣ֻȫھƵ֮ⶥţκһӶƵ꣬򡭡
ô˽˾Ƶ꣬СǺΣաڹôµģʲôãƵЩԱЩˣûУ
⣬⡭ûС
ӲµҲ룬ЩӶôƵģѵǻĿŵĽȥ𣬿϶ǰݳ˿˻߷Ա֮ģҪֵĻʱԡ
ǹӣڸô
ȫҽƵ꣬κεá⣬Сǣеʦȫۼһ˭ҲܶжѾ˱ǾޱڣӦһʱ䣬ȴܱ֤Ӧãԣҵ֮ǰܷʲô£ǵҲһҪСǾޱûУ
ⳡ˾ȻҪӷڱܷ꣬ɹҪЩʦˣǾޱǳ£Ǿ䶨ˡ
ӷûܵô࣬ǺڹȫˣҲҪÿһʦӢǣκһˣܵ˺
ڹҲ֪ԣԼЩû°ãǶԲģɾͲǳӷһˣйʮڵͬϾɱеͬ
빫ӷģȫˣҲһᱣ˵ġ
˵绰ӷѾСӣϴӦԼˣû뵽ձɱǲˣڣԵģʲôƽӶţձĺУһЩձɱȥɱǾޱǣҪ֣ӷҲû֤ݹֵձͷȥѽ
ƽӶţ
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ȫԱɵģÿһӶҲǳӶռʵ
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ɣ֪ͨСѣϸϵƵȥοǹϵǹҵĴ£ΪţǾ뻪ʢ̫Զһȫйģ£үӦòҡ
˵ʵţǣ죬Ѿ˻ʢ١
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뿴֣ⳡ˾Ǽôܲ֡
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Ŀʱϵˣ̵ʱڸϵƵ꣬ЩӶ͸Ҷ֣һҲˣɱɷŹ
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Ƶڣڹӷ˼ӢۣӢҲû˿ԥ̽Ƶһˣȫۼ
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˳һ亹ʲôѽȻ񵯶£ֱӽ񵯸Ҳ̫˵ɡ
Ｆ˵ڹǱԽҳȥɱһǹ
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ͻȻһһٵӢ۵ˣȫٵסˣǶҷ·Ƶģ
ãǡļһֶζˡ
ڹ˵꣬ͼǾޱһǱȥ˶ѾԼƣ궼񱻳Ƶġ
ʦԻסˣ
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ҵŴ򿪣ֻһ˽ֱ䳯ȥǾޱ
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㣬ʲôˣ
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Ŀ湻ʱģǾޱһ
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ǧֹͽˡ
ǧֹû˵վ˴ڣ̧ͷգͻأһǿҵϢ


1095 Ӷ
ǾޱͻȻֵˣһһŮһżصɱһżصϢϢԵͨ٣ѡ
УǲܴһҪ취ȥ
֪˻ʢ֮лΣգǾޱǱϾЩͨˣǿطɾձǱĿɶЩϵӶѽЩ޷죬ɱļһѵԼŲɡ
ӤҰѾɱ˳ȥǶ˵ʵ˵ҪԸЩԱԲ⣬ǣڵڰǴ̿͵ȫת˹˵ʵӲ֪ڶһʲôλãҪһʱ佫еӶɱȫҳǾظ֣δڶʱ֮
ӷӰӣͬʱһطǾսڵʱûйѽɼӷ罫¿жôҪԲκһʦٳˣǾޱ
ǾޱŮˣȻһҪȥ֪ȥ·һ
վڴǰǧֹӰһǾޱǰȴû˵һ仰ֻ˫۾ĿǾޱ˼˵ǹԹԵĴЩӶɱ㣬ҵһɱ㡣
ǧֹƢʱֻҪӷΣʱ֣Ҫӷڸ˳ӷ磬Ը˵Զܸıġ
Ǿޱǧֹûκε飬ȴǼΪ£˫۾Уͷ·һ㣬û˿
Ǿޱ֪Ů˻ԼôԼɻкܶҪȥϵʹȫйǵϣʢٴⳡ˾ԲڻδϹʷ֮ͥǰͰˡ
Խǲ˵仰ѽ
Ӣ۵Ĺ󣬶һԽֳ˵ĻҲʹԽ˭Ҫӡ
Ǿޱ벻Ӣ۲ǲ˵˵ǵ˼˭Ҳ뿪벽
Ǿޱ֪Щȫǳӷɹģ˵ӢӦǳӷ쵼ΪʲôӢۻôӷĻ˵Ͳκһ뿪
Ǿޱ֪ӷʲôˣʦ֪ӷ˭ӢۿĺܵأԼһԼʧҲδκʧ
ԽǴʲôǳӷ쵼ôأ
ӢԺûҵȷӷ쵼ͬʱҲӷľ˾ˡĺܵģ˵ǴǾͱضᱣס˵İȫģ
ʲô
Ǿޱ˫ıʲôʱ򶼴ʵԽղ˵ʲôӷ
ûô㲻Ǽӷ𣬲ձЩɱֵнȻ𡣡
⣬⡭ôСӾȻĸǡ
ȻҴãԽˣ

ǾޱһѹֳӷǼһĿôԼȥձĴǱ֪ˣҲ˵ʲôġΪӷ̵ģöѫ£ڿһöѫ²ǳӷе̣̣ԽĶӣǼһȻй̫ү
й̫ӣȻձʣ֮䣬ӦʲôƵģҲ̫˵ɡ
Ǿޱ룬Ŵ򿪣ӤҰ˽˵϶ûκεѪеĲңȴѪɼһղſɱ˲ѽ
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Ӣ۲ǾޱΪĵģ
ԽģѾɱһˡԷӦûнеȫɹɱģЩǰ档
ɱôˣƵ귽᲻⣿
ģѾϰͬʱҲϰ彫ƵпˣйԱϳȥˣκ⡣
ȫ˳ȥձĴأ
ǲھƵ꣬飬ҲҴھƵ꣬Ϊ֪һЩӶˣǵһҪɱģǡ
ӤҰǶ󵶻ʣ˵һĵŰɣֻҪǾһܶԷٶ࣬Ҳֻ޻صġ
ӢĵϾڰǾǺȥ»ᱻǸסϵһӷ磬Ӷŵ˵
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ھƵһҿڣҿ˸
Ӣ˵ŮڿλϺſȣһڶɢһɶصϢ֤ͨˡ
㿴ܳŶã
ӢŮʵ
ΪӢ˵̫ãֻЩ߶ѣһйĹŴ̿ͣһձ̣Ҳ̫á
ȴ˲ֵܡ
ǺġձǱ߻̫߹ǣ֪ǸͲҪԹ
ձ֮ˡӷ磬ҵļ̳ˣйǸصľһϵǾͻ鷳ˣ
ǳҼ̳ôȻǸһУѾȥηκһˣǰǣ»ģĹԶĹޡ
ôҪСһ㡣ͬʱ̵ʱڣĿȫɱڳӷ絽֮ǰ
˵ͷóֻһ绰˵ʱˣȫһɱ


1096 أս
Ƶڿ˵ǱһķʽȫλķЩҪסƵˣ֪ʲôԭȫתƵȥˡ
ԣƵڣעһԵɱ¾ӷѾ˻ɴɱҲܷŹκһӶɱֻ֣ҪǸҾ͸ɱ
ھƵĿڣƷſȣʱԵļһ˵˵ϵ۴һʱԵǶ̫ݳޣӲὫκһǣֻҪǮգֻҪǣ˵йߵĴҪȥɱԶɽ߳ǶԥȥȻĵǾһˡ
һɫķٿͣ˾ƵſڣʹĿڵӢŮ΢΢һǴӷ֮ˡ
һйŮˡһϣʲôˣ
һóһҳ˵ѣйˣйǻƼҵŮˡӶԱ
û뵽йƼҵҲˣԽԽ˼ˡ
Ƶ𣿡
ãͽȥŮ˵򵥣ССͣѾΪйеУȻѾְˣʵҲСӡ
˵䣬һ
йŮˡ
һȣүүйϯƼҴС㡣һϷ壬йϼҴС㡣
ٿйˡ
ǬйҴ٣ɽйϾҴ١
һ
ӦǼΣյˣлƴţѵ׵ܵܣйƼҵļ̳ˣΪ˴ޣ˴Ӳ֣һžҪԷ
й̫ӵֻһ̫ûˡ
ҹƣӷѾѾˡ
ҲɡЩһȫ룬ձûиҵģǵȫ׼һ£ƵڵˣӦй̫ӵˣʱȥӦ
˵ͷ˵ףֻ͹ȥ
һ棬ľվһ֮žƵǱһС
ֺϷôܴء裬㿴ƽӶţĵã
һȺСˣƾǾڳӷɱЩʦĻǺüڳӷ˵̫׳ˡ
˵ûЩСֻİˡ벶ȸںһκܺõĻᡣ
ľЦһ£˵䲻мӳӷߵ֣ء
˵䣬ľؿһ۵죬ʵǱ߶׼ûУ
׼ˡ
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촵һڣֻԱߵļ֮Ӱ৵ĳƵǱ߷ȥ
Ǽ󣬲ûдӾƵžȥǸ߸·еĴӾƵԱҵķȥеĴӾƵĺŽȥ̵ҲûŽ룬ֻһƴţȴǴҡڵĴӾƵĴſڣֱӽ롣
ǾƵ첻⡣
һŷס˻ƴţϴģǾƵ깤ԱƷ
ƴţһЦҲ˵ʲôֱӾһס˵Ĳӣ漴һԱһ

صıƴţ˳ȥֱǽϣ۵һһѪ˳
Сͣӵ·ѾĵԼèˣоѽ

⻹ˣ˵ʲô˵ƴţ۽һһֻһͬӰӣֳ˹
ƴţһܹ࣬ӰӵĽӰǽϿٵת˼Ȧǽһץۡ
һֻèѽ
ƴţһѾһ¹Ů˳Լֱߵϣǵģͷ£ųϣң¹ŮˣȻβͣ۾Ϊɫкӣֻ־èצûʲô
Աҵֻ֮ģû뵽Ļֻè
йСӣ
񻰣Ѿģ

¹Ů˻ٴνƴţû뵽һ̣βͣѾƴţץסˡ
㻹

ৣৣৡ
ƴţѾһֻʣһèβˣǵ¹ŮѾӰ
ܣûǸˣоҲҪ
ƴţ΢΢һЦһֱӳմ򿪵ĵݳ˼ȥ
¥ߣѾ˹˸סȥ·
йС椣ȻѾˣǲֵȥɡ

˹˼һǿԼ塣
ǰڹһ֣ڹʧ󣬾ȻǰĶ˹ˣһˣȴͷָֻֻš
̫⻹𣬾ļһҲİɡ
ѹܲô࣬Ҫٶȸϵӷָĵط¿ɲģˣ뷽϶νָԼ˻عˡûõĻ˭Ҳ
˫ͷֱӳ˹еձ֣Ӵ壬뽫Ѹѹ⡣
һ̧ȣ漴һߣһӴ˫ͷ˸¥ȥˡ
ҵϷС㣬С㲻㡣
¥һҽǹǺѽڻѵҲҪ
ƽӶŵѾȫ˾Ƶ꣬ͲϵӢڵ¥㣬¥ϣѾ˸ɱ
Ƶ̨˵ӣӣЩֵܽмˣ
ӷЦһ˵⼸ɵϣЩСɫĥʲôĥѽ˼ǹǵʱ䣬ǻһս治֪ô˵ǡ
ƽӶҪĳԱһӢģҲǻƽӶŵ֮һѾõĵطˡ
ţȥɣǸ£ȥǸӢŮˡ
áӣǧҪСġƽӶŵĵһݸһǳأû֪ʲôˣȴһΪ֮ŮʱΪ˺ֵܶˣƯŮˡ
ӷЦһ˵ˣ


1097 ɣ
ƴţȫӶɱֶ·ϣһһӶɱΧǵǷĲֵ٣ܲɱ٣Ǵϻ²ϵĳ
պڹ˵ƽӶֻʮˣڿѽĳɱҪĳɱʮҵĻѾɱ˸⡣
ЩӶɱ˵ʲôǣԼ׶ôȥںģ
ͷʹĻƴţÿһ¥ʮʮӶɱΧһ·ȥÿһ¥ʬ壬ոճݵĻƴţҲΪ֪ĸ쵰ÿһ¥˿żĻƴţ֮£ˣֻܸ¥ݡ
һƴţǼȻһ
ô
ѼƴţǼȫۼ˵߲¥ݣΪǻĵطȥģҲã˰գΪҪģ̵ʱڵӢڵĶ
ãмˣ
̾˿Щļһһķ¥ȥˣǲôԼ˵·
ҪôˣϽɱȥ
ڻڣӢ۵ȫھĵţĿǰҲû˿Ķ
ڴ˿̣ĴŻ򿪣ڹȫɢڣǧֹһ㶯ûС
ų״򿪣ͼſڣվһӢˣһﲻ֪ôģȻԸڻƴţ֮ǰ˵ˣ򵥣ǲռƻԱ浲·ģֻЩСɫˡ
ڳоڣζԷҲռκεıˣǣͷڸսʱȻʮˣͬʱɢһҽˮԼٶȣ˻ڵĲͬ䡣漴õˮͬʱɢ׹⣬һİ׹⽻ţγһǷֵĹ֣Ȼˣڣ
磡
ӤҰһӦǰձˮʥŮֽ磬ǳõģȴҪ½˴Ŷô
ʮһµĽ磬ٻǻӵһģǻסˣֻҪʱ䣬һУͽΪ֡
룬ҪɱǾޱǣһǳ֮£¿Եסڹǣһ˳֣ǾޱǱɡ
סǣǱסˣĿǰ
ӤҰ󺰵
ڹȫǳ˹ȥϴһֺ΢Цһӣʮˣȫӭս˺ڹˡ
ҾƵʢõһңĻȻҲܻСҪһսҲ㹻ʣռġ
ڹŵڹ˾ں֣ƽӶŵֶսӢ۸ĴǾޱǵȫȥ
ҲҪţסԼ
Ӣ۱ϾǾǧǧδ¹
Ǿޱǲͬ˵ǲɵͷʱͨ˵˵Բ˵ǰӲ
ѽ
Ҳ֪˭ȴ˳Ҳܹⳡ棬˴о֮⣬ûķԼܹȶ
ӢǲܴǹģʵǴǹҲ𲻵κá
һѾγԼ߳ʱӢǵȵʶ

в֪ʱһѸֵֵӢ۵ľһ˫һλãڽλõһ̣˫еĵĥ˻𻨡
ܲĵйľˣתʵҲûȶǾޱ֣ȽӢɱˣԼǺֵġ
йӢۡ
ԼеǷϣеԾ˵йԼҵӣ
ǡ
û뵽ε飬ȻҪλոйίϯľй£ȷĺҪѽ
һϢ湻ͨģӢ֮ǰŸոίϯ֮λô֪ˡ
Ȼ֪˭ɱǹҵĴʦȴҵʬϲȹȥ
仰ʮǰӢ۾˵ʱԵձӣԵձӶɱ֣ʵһģʮǰڣ˻Ӣ۶Ϊ˹Ҹ帶ԼһС
ʮ겢ûȴһѪսӢӵѪڣЩӶɱ֣ͽǵǵձһɱɡ
ҵʶһ£йľ񣬷һ֮󣬻Ŷ͡
һӢۿ˹ȥӢеľҲǳصģͨ˵ֶΣڶ
һǽոֵ֣ȻһӢеľȴѾ˵ϡ
ô
Ӣۿһ۵ڵϵľ˵㲻ͨˣ
ûҵȷͨˣͨ˾ȻԽУһ˶ûУ㻹治ѽ
˵ɱǹҵĴʦȴҵʬϲȹȥ
Ӣֱϣƾӣץסļһ䣬Ҫһˤ
ͨôܴĹԱǸռĸ֣
ɽ㲻Ӣ۴һȻһתѾ
ֻԼͻȻһᣬȻӢ۸̧
Ӣۼã̸ıսߣ˫ִһ»תģ́漴ӵ𣬽ȫǰһơ
顣
Ȼˣֱӵ˵ϣ˺üԶʵ̫˼ˣͨˣȻһռָƵڵء
ӢԭزֽڳһԲơ
ӢڳƣɵһЦ˵й̫
Ǿޱ˼ӢӮһȫкá
û뵽ԽĽ⣬Ȼôѽ
Ц뵱꣬Ӣۿǹҵһѽ
̫̫˧ˡ
ЩʦһΣɲˡ
Ӣۣйһɱ㣬Ҳ˷ȥɡ

һγӢۣΣǾԵɱС
Ӣ֪ԼǾԵֵסģ㵲סҲҪɴ࣬ƴһɣԼʮǰսϾ͸ýˣʮ꣬Ҳ׬ˡ
ѽ
Ӣ۴һеȫȭͷϣһȭ
̫£аԶǬ
Ӣ̫ƴһȻǰȭ
Ӣ۵İȭôҲǵвɱеġ
顣
Ӣ۱ֱӸǽϣһѪӿ
Խ
µ
ȫɢһɰ׹⣬׹Ӣȫ
ͬʱ˺ڵĽƳˣӢ۵ľ̫˸Ӣۡ
ã
Խ
˼ˡ
ɱԽûʹҡ
ͻȻӢǰһѪɫĹâ֣ţһֻ޴Ӣ۵ǰ˫޴ĳ
¿ɴľһѣֻ޴ֹ֣ͣ˽ȥ

޴Ϊһ̣ʧһɫˣǰ
ԼͬӢ˵ˣ´󾪣˵ô㣿
ûǽӢ۷ʵԽû°ɣ
ӢַȥǱߵѪ˵лȣһˣ
йʷҲ˽ġԼҲӢޱѽ
ӢۿЦѽ
ԽǫˣϢһ£һˡ


1098 г
˫ֱźӢˣԱļռһһʱ仹ֲ¡ңǾޱЩʦҲʺϿ鷢ѽЩԭԺоƮһΪʦǣһ޷ʵ͸Щѧۼ㣬һǵһìܸУѵԼЩѧĶȫǴ
ڣѾӽгˣǵ΢ЦĽ磬Ҳ̫ãڿɶѾˣ˵ڲõĽͻ𾳽磬ΪԴߡ
ڹǶߣȻܿĳͻȻֵĺҲǸԱڣǵзѣǾӢۣһη壬ɼĲ򵥣
λѣ鷳Ƿɳ֣Խȥķ䣬úñӶɱ֣ҲҪȥӦˡһǻƽӶŵ֮һͬʱҲҶһѣͰҴɡ
˵ѡʱߣֻҪɵϵģ䡰ѡ˼
ͽ㴦ɡڹϱԽȥķ䣬ʣµӶǴ
ڹͷá
Ӣ۶Ժһл⣬˵ԼҲҪСһ㣬½֮л
ԽˣӵǳӾȻģΪҲӦõġ
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ǸѪͬʱҲǸ֣ػӶ꣬Ϊܸһ˵һ仰һٷˣû뵽ӷĵҩԼӸˣ飬ԶסҪԼΪӷȥհģ֣ΪԸһУ֡
ںڹ˵ı£ӢѾſȥҲֹסˣƣҪǾԲˣܽɵĻʱ仹㹻ġ
ߣҲùңһӦ
Ӣȫ˻ͬʱҲѾʼˡ
֮Ӷ̴ӲͬĴ˳ȥ˲û׷ɱȥǲŲæģ˺棬ЩһһҲܲˣֺαظƴٶأҲǶѽ
ֻʣºˣеĸ֣һսҲĶԹ
͸ҵһУ죬ҾҪĻ㡣
һЦ˵һֻ῿Ů˰㵲ݵļһʲôʸծ
㣬ңܵʲôʱҶļסΪĻҵӣҲܻϰʱ䡣ڣӵĳ֣ҵӣһҲ˵䣬ȴһϢûС죬ҸΪУҺҪˡ
ðɣ⻹治һĴѽû뵽֮Իϰʱ䣬Ȼĺ£ԩ·խѽһ˵ƽӶˣ̲µȻձ飬˻ƽӶţһģԼ԰ӷ飬ͬʱҲΪԼӱ
ȫɢ׹⣬ֻϣ˰ɫëͬʱ͸ΣҲʼ˸ı䣡

һֽϤˡ
ĿǰϲĳôĹĹĹʵֻΪְˣһһ˻Ĺһ־ǻҧ˵Ĺ
ҧˣԭǹĴûԵģҧһڣѵ㻹ҧȥɣĳЩ˿ҧһڣǾͻֱһשӷ磬ˡ
Ѿױ仯Ϊһԭһ
ı仯֪һѾ¶ԭΣҲ˵Ѿռȫ˳ԣҲ뽫ȫһս
ٴλΪһֻ޴Ѫ𣬺ȫɢѪɫĹâȫɢɫâһһ׵һغѾڵаȫ飬ȻСĻڣѾΪսˣļһͬʱڳ˳ȥ
ƵĿڣӢŮ˻Ʒſȣһȶ֪˶õʱ䣬Ʒȣڵʲô㣬ֻΪ
ͻȻһ˿оŮԺУһΣУŮȻ˫ۣ˶Ƶ֮ϡ
飬ǼһȻҲܹˣңǰҪǿ࣬һˣӦ
ŮҪȥϾǻ飬ƽӶŵĳԱȫˣԼֻҪԼţϣٽһ֧ƽӶţɱˡ
Ů˸뿪һ֮ȴֹͣң˵ϡ
иֵҾȻһҲûѣбҪǻƽӶΪ𣿡
ŮһӢʵ
Ů˵һ˵ҲӢ˵ҵĵˣҴΪѡȻѡҵĵˣҲΪǶѡ
㣬˶ˣ
ǵˣǸ뿪ͬʱҾѾˡ
ʲô
Ů˴󾪣̣˾ѾˣҲʮӰɣʮӣԷԼ󣬿ԼȻһҲû֣ˣҲʵֲ̫˰ɡ
㵽ʲôˣ
ձǶǮ
һŮ˲ɵĿЦһʵǳӷ磿
ܴٴҲûˡ
ձʮ𡣡
ǰʱһ˫ļǮȡ»СС»ˡ
أ
˼ȻˣǾͱ˰ɣˣ֮Ҳûǵ֮ˡ
ΪܸϾɱ
Ǳġ
Ů̾˿ڷֺʱ֪ǱߵжѾʧˡ򷢵ȳˣϣ죬ֻҪձйĹ˾ûʼ֮ǰεǾͿձǮˡû뵽һУ̫ˣҵ׷ɱ׷ɱй׷ɱŮ˶£µǣԷͲ׷ɱԼģֱӾͽԼɱˣ
׷ɱɱķֱ׷ɱҪȥ׷㣬ɷɱȴܵĻᶼûС
ɱң
ȷɱ֮ǰһ֪ݡ˵ݱȽأҲо˿Ϣ෴ϣħߵϢ
ĸоô֪ħˡ
ϻͲö˵ˣҲҪ˷Ѵҵʱ䣬гǲȵ̫õġ
˵ͨӦòܴܰɣ
ô
磬ɣǱġ
˻ôһȵġ˹ҳȫ㣬Ըɡ롣
ӷӢŮͬʱ߳˿ӢŮ˵Ǿܲġ
һӢŮ֪⣬пǿг


1099 л԰ʵ
ϵ˺ܶ࣬ӷӢŮϳ֮󣬸һλûˣڳӷ˵ʲôϾǹʮĲݸѵݲͬˣͲܹǰ෴ǰǳӷΪģ˵ʵʱԵĻӷһѡȥϾѧ飡ʱԵĻӷҲеͬѧȥɽһʹ죬٣еô࣬ôĵڼϣ
ӷ̬ӢŮ˾Եĸ⳵ϵȺˣܲϰֹλӶûУվڳϣǲڣҲ֤һ㣬Ů˵ĳǷ
ڽֵϿţһվһվƽг̣û˿͵ͨĳУͨ˵أ
˴ԼһСʱӣϵԽԽˣյʱҲֻʣ˾ӷˡ
ӷ粻óֹͣߵ˾ǱߣҲ֪˾˵˼ʲô˾ճӷ˼ȥ⿪ȥ
ӷ緵صӢŮʱѾλϣҲ̾˿ʵҵôˣ
֪Լȥǡ
ȥʣ
Ȼġ
㲻Ǻ֪ҵʵ֮⣬ܶ˶֪ҵݣÿһҵЩ¸ɱ֮ˣ֪ҵݣǣȴԶл֪
һһ⡣
òϣ·ˣҲһַ̰ɣǰɱˣñ·ߣ죬Ҳһǰɱ֮˵ʹࡣ
ˣȻе㱨Ӧģⲻţֻһ
йˣ𣿡
Ųŵ⣬Ҫʲô˶ԡΪ֪Ϊеģ󶼲к³ձǱûУ㣬ҲܻС
˵ͲҪ֪ҵݣֱɱң
֪ʲôҸıע⣬֪һӶˣ
ȷҵݣҲֻǺѣлɱңû̶֣һף㣬һǳرˡ
ô˵ãȻѾΪߵӲݣҾһὫġ֮¶и⣬Ҳһġ
ѵ㻹һ᣿ҿҪΪ֮ˡ
ΪеĲ㣬ֻǸǮµɱְˡڸҰɣӢңʲôϵ
Ӣң
ӷʳ仰ӢŮ˻һ¡
ôԼɴδ¶ԼݣӲ֪ԼӢ֮Ĺϵɽ죬Ȼӷˣôģ
Ϊʲôʣ
˵˵𣿡
ûĻ㲱ϵӦýС֮ᡯɣ
ӢŮһԼӵһɫʯʱ̫ã˵ҲǳҪӲδ֪
֮ᡣ֣ӢŮԼѾˣû뵽ӷһйˣȻ֪
ôԾҲֻǴһϿġ
飿ʲôЩ
Ӣ¼أ֮ᡯ֮ǰӢ͸ģʱ͵һСʹ֮ᡯһͽС֮͵ʱ䣬ʹ֮ᡯѾźһλӢŮˣһٵ䣡ڡ֮ᡯ䲻ˡд˵֮ᡯʵһ֮ǰһӢҳԱҶʱͷŽŮ֮ᡯͳӢңӴ䡣ӢŮ˵£һѾˡ
Ҳ˵ǸӢҳԱĺˣ
Ȼ֪ˣһʲô˵ġѲɣ㻹뽫ͻӢҲɣ
ǸЦҺαΪ֮
Ȼ㣬˶ûʲôϵΪʲôҪ֪
ӢҵĺᣬӢкܶ࣬һ࣬һ١Ҳ׵ǣһħãǴӺζ
ԭ֪
ûʲô֪ģϾħ߲٣ɢϢȴеر𡣡
ʲôرģ
̫֮أ֪ߣӵǿ֮ħģӦֻһһȫŮ˵Ƿļ̳ˣȴԹˡ
ӢŮ˿Цһ˵û뵽ҵܣˡ˵ûҵȷӢҵĺᣬͬʱҲ˵ǷĳԱǺܾǰˣѾǷǽԳһϵ
͸ˣǷ˵ǻǽԳһϵ
飬һ˵ĶұȽˣ᲻ɱҡ
飬ǰ飬Ķܶ˴ҸͬʱҲܶ˴˱ߣ
ܷŹģǷУһ˰ɡ
ɱңͬɱ㣬Ϊұġ
ãɱң
˵Ϊһȫµľ硣
ȷҲ֪ҵΪӦñҪ߳һ𡣡
ⲻܣ
ûʲôܵ顣ڣҸѡ񣬵һΪãҶԸǸɱ֮ˡڶ
˵ˣҲԸġ
ӷЦһתͷ˾˵鷳һվ
ͻأ˾ʧȥֱ˹ȥȴǰţֻǰȴһɫĹǽ
ײɫĹǽ֮ϣûгκε飬ǽһȫɫâխռ֮ڡ
ӢŮ¶Цݣ˵ˣ
ӷҲǲɵһЦ˵Ļͦġʵ򣬳ɡ
ͱ׿л԰ʵ


1100 ĺ
ɫխռҲǸ磬ھƵ겼óĽȣʹ
磬Ǳһͷ޸̽˶㣬һҲˣΧ̹⣬Ҳ̼仯ΪһҺ壬Һǰ㣬ʹܷһ϶ûУ֮£֮⣬Ͳܳȥ
ǣڹڵǳӷ磬ԳӷĿǰƷľ˵Ҫͻ׾֮£ӷ粢ûǳ򶨣ԽŹһҲţ
ͱ׿л԰ĸʵϴε̩ɽ֮սʱǸһȥģ˵ĶԻ˵ʵҪȵѶԸĶ࣬ҲҪȵĻĶ࣬ʲôʱȥʲôӦʱԲ۷˵ɣĿǰȫиֶΣʵȴø˵죬ɼʵ뽫иֵĿȫƵϡ
Ȼʱͬգ񲻹ʵǵ죬Ѿ𾳽磬Ϊ˵ļһ۷񣬷򣬷磬û˿ڵһϸЩʵˣǲмЩС
ӷ粢ûн˼һ۷ϣ磬ķµʱҪ۷սж֣ǳӷĿģҲΪ˽۷֮С
ʮǰ۽۷񣬵ȴûϵѭԵĻӷνһȫµ۷񣬵ΣȴѭģҲĳЩ໥֮СС⣬ֻҪ֮⣬ڳӷ˵пܾͻ
ʵ򣬼ȻѾˣΪβ
ӷʵ
ӷ磬֮ĽʱҲûҪһŮ˿ɡϷˣ£Ҿ͵û
ˣ㻹浱ԼǸɫˣ˵˾ͷˣǺûӡ˵ˣ£Ů鷳ģΪ˵ǮȥձԸйĴʦĻҲܶһŮѽ
ʵʲôطӷ粢⣬֣ӷҲὫȻֽ罫ɵǾɣû£Ůˣ¾ͻĽ֮ˡ
£ǸҲԱ֤ٷͬˡóӣôСɡ
ʵȻǸ⻹óӷ벻ͬʱҲһ˽˸ʵһôˣһ죬ǵĻľ֮ѽѹǱ֮ѡǼ
һľأһʵһĻ֮أټһ嶯ޱȵĵ죬Ѿȫ˻ʢ٣֣ӷ绹û̫İսǸԴôǿͬʱˣҲܳġѾôѶԸˣУһǸֻδ˼ĿļһֽһôĽɫĸһһһߣǽһɶôӴӷǺġ
ȥһٸԽ͢һ֮⡣ϣͱ׿л԰˹δ֣һټ磬ձɽ飬ǿ˵磬ǵĿ֮£ӷһӴֲܶóҵϾѾ˵Ǭ磬ҪóӷԼȥôӷ罫ܳ
ǻ˶֮䣬֪ǬǱʲô㣬ӡֻʲôʱ򳹵ƳһǬķӡƳˣǬǿ磬ǲҪʲôһǳԼģԼҲмȥǬ棬Ȼ䵽Լһ˵ļϣʵģʱԼеˣΪһ壬ǳΪһϵרΪԸԼһˣǽôԼһʲôܰԼģĿǰһŵȣһԯһŹùóǲԼô˵ҲҪվڳǱߣԺԼôôӴѽ
УһҪǬǿߵ֮ǰ뾡һ취ԼԼҲǿͬʱҪǬǿߵ֮ǰǰһЩ˸ԼŲ̫ѹ
ӣҪ취ٸԽ͢ǱߵˣӷҪɱµǾã
ɲôǶǰÿǵģʵѾ֣һǸΣסĻƻкܴ鷳
ðѽټӴһ㣬ǲںһ磬ŮˣɾҪ֮ˡ
ӷһЦǺ棬ˣ󷴵Ҫȵ˸ɱˣɲܹѽ
ʵȻɵ˵ӷ磬Ҳ֮£ŸģֻҪˣ֮䣬Ŀǰˮˮ
ĿǰҿɲҪڶ֣ҪԺҲҪˡ
ʲô˼
ŮˣţǷɱǾҪ᲻ˡ
ĺöӷ粻ܲѽû뵽ģǸʵͻȻ֣ӷҲ
ȻһŮвң
Ҹ뵽£漴뵽ˡ
ѵͲ̫˵𣡡
ˣҿճġЩһﲻ˵ǳҾ𣬼ȻͲãҲְɡ
ž
ԶƳͣ˻ʢ֮һƺϣ棬ʵֶ
ӷ翴һӢŮˣЦӣĺܰѽǺ˲ǳĹƨ
ӷ磬֮£ΪʲôҪǣ
Զģһô˵ҳء
ҵ£޹ء
ҪôˡǷйأǵ̸֮˵ɡǴڳϣһ߳벽Ҹұ֤ƴҲס


1101 ǿ
ӷ߳һֻȼ漴˵ϣʱΧͬʱӷɢһεΧ׵ȫϵĳƮȥһĳը㣬ڻ֮⣬ٰһ㡣
вӷ绹ҪģϾʵѾ𾳽磬һҪƴֻŮ˵ĻǾͻỵ˳ӷʱļƻ
ӷ磬ʲô˼
ʵ򽫹ΧԼһгȥ˵ĻͻͬʱըƸʵǾԲῴ鷢ġ
Сʻ괬ҿɲ;ʲô޷Ƶ顣ȻҪӲĻǾ͵ɱŮˡ
ʵ˫ۺݺݵĵųӷ磬ڵǺ޲ýӷǧУڳӷ˵ⲻԼҪЧ
ÿһ˶ŸԵ㣬ʵҲ⣬ĻأʱҲȽ侲˭һðŮأȻŮ˻ᷴл԰ɼһ㣬л԰εˣӦöŮûκεĺøУΪиʵĻŮҲܻڡ
ʵǰӷЦõģֻҪ㲻Ҿͻᱣ֤İȫ
ʵʢΪʲôȻǸ֮۷սйأҲӦǽӵľߵϢ֪ľظڳӷ³˿δƾˣͶԸ˳ӷ磬ԣʵŻϹæġ˵ǰæʵе̫ˣʵ죬ľزѣȻѣȴһߣɼȫǱ֮˸ġ
ʵҲţԼ˾ˣ򣬲ľظ죬ܱ֮ҪԼôƾӷһУԼҪӷƴ뷨ʵ򲻻˵ǵ죬¶֡
˵ɣ㵽ҪôſϷˣ
ʵҲȽʹ죬ĳ֣ûľظǰƴѾǸܺõĿʼˡ
Ҫʵܼ򵥣ֻҪڰа£Ҿͱ֤ޡ
ӷ粻ȥ֤κ˳꣬Ѿǳӷļˣ٣ɱ
ҪҸӷ磬֪֪˵ʲô
Ȼ֪֪ĻҲͲ˵ˡ
𣿡
Ҫ󡣡
ҲӦأ
ɱ㣬Ҳɱ㣬ۿİŮǰʹһӣֳͷֶΣӦò벻ɡ
ѽԼİԼǰԼȴܺõĻϡӷ˵ĺԣţ˶ȥһͻҪܣ
һǿ˵ʹ޵ľǱвɻģǹ¶ϣʵ磬Ƶǿˣӷ˵ǰţɱɵǸʱɱҪʳӷͬͬ⡣
ãܺáӷ磬㻹治һĺݡ
⻹Щ˸Ƴǰһôĺѧˣʱұʵ̫Ϊˡ
ĸı䣬ʲôϵ
ֻҪҵĵˣ㣬һģԣҽծͷʲôԣ
ûʲôԣ˵ҲûĵˣȻȫһġ˵˵ôɣ
ңǱλǿߣ˭
ӷ⣬ǳӷ֪ģǳԶɽۣҲǳ֪⣬ɵĿǰλãûκһ֪λǿ֮⡣
ȴóӷʧ
Ҳδҿ̫Ҫ˰ɡȻ֪Ǳ֮˵ǿãǵݣ֪ʲô𣿡
᲻֪
Ȼ֪Ҳ֪죬Ҳ֪ûۼ
ûôǳΪԴߵģ
ҪȥľصġһֱľضλĴǽ𾳽ʱҲڱ󣬲֪ͨʲôǵġ룬λ㸸׸үүҲ֪ݣ˵һ֪ĻǸˣľˡ
ľأ쵰ȻǱ֮˵Ĵˣ
ѵܹǸ˿УҲľظɵģ
ûˣȫľظƼģ˵ϣǻҪлľأϾЩ˵۷壬ǹͬ룬ûľصƼнĳɹ
ӷһ£ʱ򣬸ʵǲƭԼģҲûǸҪǱ֮˲ǿأֱڲֳɽһǣ
ѵǽʱһоû𣿡
оʲô˼
˵ǲˣҵ˼˵ǲࣿ
⣬Ҳ֪ܿϧش㡣ֶεĻͨĻ
ʲô
һľͶ·һߡ
ȷѾʶˡɼȻǱ֮ص֮ǼҲ޷еӣѵһľأͿױ¶𣿡
֪Ψһһ£ˣһֱľص̣ľصʱΪʲôɱĸףҪ֪ӤҰһڵʱǾ֣û˰ľصĻľôĵɼӦþľصʦˡ
裬ҲǷһûб֮ˣľƾʲôһˣձֻ죻ûǱ֮ˣľظ˵޼ɵӷΪһɽ飬ʲôϣЩ̫С
ȻˣҪľرƵıԵǿǷǳ֮£㻹˵˵ڶɡ
ڶǣԳԽĸףΪ֪˵ʵԲ㸸׿ʨ֮£ֻҪܳԽ㸸ףǾʸʸ˽оˣ򣬾ǰװϡ
ӷҲ뵽ˣǰľظģɾǱ֮ˣɵʱԼĸҲ־Լȴܽ˸£ɼ˵ʵԼĸף٣Ӧ滢൱Ķ֡
׶ԳΪʢӵİˣ磬ȻиԼײµǿߴڣǼһȻûȥԼĸʲôľǼһԼŸɣʲô˼ʲôԿ϶һǣǼһԲǺˣûҪô໨ֱӸԼҿսͿˣ
ʵӣҲ̫ԸⱻţȻԷǿⲢ߱˵һǼɻ˶Էǿ󣬸ʵӦòʢ٣
ٸһ£ϣҲ
㻹û˵ѽӣ㲢ʲô֪
ҪȴӦҡ
˵ֻҪңҾͲ˺ҷŲҵ£ûʸ̸
ʵһ룬ڻǱסҪ£Ժ˵ɡ
ңӰӡ
Ӱӣ
ûǵƹⷴǽϵӰӡ
ǲࣿ
˵׼Ӧǰɡ
ǣ
һӵӰӣȴǳ࣬ĳͨͷǣ˫ֵ˫ŵ࣬ҲЩ񵶷Ķ
ǾͲˡ
࣬ٷ֮࣬ĶͲӵϢǵԽģҲϢڡ
˵
ӦǴף
ף
ûֻҪ׵ӰӣŻģͷϵǣӦ׵ͷӰеģӦһѴӣ
Դ˺ܶࡣ
ȷܶࡣоǣÿγΧ
ϣ
ǿߣģԲͨӦ
ףӣ߼һ𣬾ǸŴսϵĽȷ֮ģ飬ԽԽˣͬʱҲԽԽȤˣ
ˣϵߣˣܻᱻǱ֮˷֡ŮˣȸңұȫǡҲң£һϵģȴľǼ֪
ųӷ罫ԼŮ˴ߣʵѽļһһ죬һҪҵ


1102 
Ƶ귽Ϊĳ֣ѾȫסˣҲѾܣûɱ֣ǳӷҪģǾͱӷȥ
ƽͬţһ룬ʣµһСҲѾ߱˿սˣһ浹ձ棬ʧˣ
ԽѾץˣڸôЩһ
Ľʵһ㣬»ᱻлɳˣˡ
ӢΪйίϯ棬ҲǷǳ˵ģʮǰҲõô
ûʵ˵ԼߵҶðɣûʲôˣ
û˵һģҲǺĽץȻû¡
ڹ˵ԽģǶãֻмֵ˵˶ѡ
пܻˣº֢뾡һа취ҽΡ
ѾֵǵȥˣˣҽԺû취ġ
Ǿͺáӷ˻û𣿡

ŵЦһ˵Ǳ̫ˣϴûгֻ֣ҪһЩˣȫҪ
ô
ſڣӷ˵˫۶˹ȥ
⣬ϴȴϣϴˣȴǸӷһġ
һǳӣԼƽӶžֻߵˣԼϴҲѾԷܣѵԼʲôϣɣ
֯Ҳ޷˷ˡ
ӷߵӢߣҲûȥӢŮˣҲܲˣΪӷһֻ֣Ҫܣǳӷͻ̳֣ûȼգǸʱǸʵҲȲֻгӷ磬ܽڵĻָ
ӢۿųӷӢŮˣʵӷ磬ʲôˣ
ǻƽӶŵϴѾץˡ
û뵽ϵһӶŵһ죬ȻǸŮˡ
ϣõһЩ벻ĶҲձ͸ҵɡ
ûƽӶţǸʵͲ֣ӷҲŮˣڸʵϴ⣬ֻҪŮһԼʵҪԼķԸȥ£ľǵ꣬ʵҲհġ
ǣӷ粻׵ҸʵǳӷľǱߵһŵưɣҪŵƲ¶ʱԸľһ٣˵ĺءҪ׶ȴʱ򣬱ϾľǱ֮ûиˮ棬ӷҲݾߣʵ飬ӷҲκˣʲô⣡
ϴôҲ
ӢŮ̾˿˵ˣǻƽӶߵ죬ǽˡ
䣬ӢŮǰ˵㲻һֱ֪ҵڣҾ͸㡣ҽάǣ
Լսѣ죬֪Լ֣ǰǽԼϴģ֪ԼֵͬʱҲߵͷʱ
άǿٳ֣ʱûϵĵȻɱ֣һƴĶͷϡ
ϴҡ
ʲôö˵ˣڱ˵һ̣ϵ֮Ҳȥֵž۵ġ
άۣ뿴ǰ񣬵۾ʱѾˡ
ʵҿһģΪʲôô֣ӷ粻˵˵ʵȻձĿûﵽȫԼԼͲɱЩصСɫˡ
ʹĻţʹȥ
ðɣȻˣɡ
ӷǰʲôԸ
ŮˣȽǿܣһеǸǳΪһ塣
໥һۣʲô˼Լ˳Ϊһ壬ѵӷŮΪĸӰ𣬿ǣͲԼѽ
ҲȥʣǧֹڳӷĶ߲֪˵˾ʲôȻʧˣɳӷǧֹԼ˵Ļӵˬʣ
Ǻ²ѽ
ӷ磬ʲô£Ӣʵ
ŶûʲôˣСˣҿڻȴһ¾ƵɣҪ֪
ãϡʲôˣ
Ӣ۸պŴţȴһӰ
ڹ˸ҳ
ǣӡ
ӰڴӷһоһɷǳֵϢϢģӲħߡ
Сһ㣬ԸȽ⡣
ӣղӰѾ̨
ȥѾ̨ˡ
ôĵӣȻ
ά˵ǵˣǵˣѾȫˡ
֪ӦҲձɱ֣ˣձ벻ġ
Ӣʵӷ磬ѵڶǣ
û´ĻӦǡϣ
ϣ
֣ӢеǹɳҲκ˵ֹһ˳ȥ
ϸȥС˳¡
ӷղŸоһֱɢϢϢڿؼĵҾͼʶʱıϢڳֵıϢֿҪĶ࣬ӷԿ϶һϣǱߣɳıˡ
ľǣʱˣ


1103 ľص
ϣġƻȻûȫɹʮʱ䣬ҲջЩʧƷȻΪƷɹƷϣռս
ʵ⼸ʮҲܶ飬ϣȴδɳκһˣԭܼ򵥣ǲΪ˵ĹϵɻţΪʸ֮ģҲ˵ϣЩɹƷӵеԲСһչֳġ
ͬˣѾٵķ֮У໥֮䲻ܷʲôʱ򣬶ģϾЩһ񣬾ϵĴڣϣҲΪţԲŸҽЩɹıɳġ
ڵǱ֮˵飬һӦö̵֪ģͲˣһܸƥеǿߣҪǿĴڣǺһ뾡һа취£ȥԸҵġ
ȻһΣϣЩıʢ٣ĵ֮⣬ҲֻеܽǸǼ֮УľǸǱ֮Ϊӽģɴ˿ɼ˵ĵľؽеΪ֮
Ƶ̨֮ϣһάѾиϵڹǽ
˸һ̨ʱѾĸƤĺˣȴţĸ˵ϣȫһЩͼڵÿһҲǹͷ˫Ϊɫļһģûκε
İ̥İ̥˫̥Ǻܶģ̥Ѿˣ˵İ̥񣬻ĸһģһĺˣǵֱϣһɫӣɢ̹⡣
ϣġƻҪ񣬿ɾӵҲӵ˵ĸˣӦֻģһЩСɫһЩŵˣͬû¼Ҳֻǽ⣬С
ӷ粻ŲæĸӢһ̨һۼĸʱӷǿٵţ磬ĸĴ𣿺ûаɣ
ӢҲǿĸеԾİ̥ûѽ
Ǿϣʮǰоıˣ
ţˡ
ɱǡ
Сˣȱ嶯ǵʵ˵һǡ
˵ͷ˫ֳŴ̵һһ˳˹ȥ

Ĵ̵ݺݵĴһ˵ؿڣþԾǣԼĵˣȻ𲻵κεã˾ͺӵʹǰ㣬ͲԼĴ̵
ôܣ
һˣűԼ̵ĺˣһ㶯ûС
˿̣ƴţǸˣеЩӶѾˣƴţǼûǳϷ
ǰĸˣûƴţս⡣
İ̥ѽȻǡ
ƴţ˫ȭһգֱӳ˹ȥӷҲûȥֹƴţѾȫˣΪߣ⼸˾ǿҲܻᳬԽƴţ̫ġ
顣
ƴţȭͷݺݵĴһ˵ؿڣɽһģȭ𲻵κεã˵ȫƽˡ
ƴţһˣͬԾ˵ɣʲôЦ
ţӣȭͷ˵ѽ
ӷĸܵƴţĹҲûжһ£ɼǻδӵںĸģɾǵˡ
ǧֹԡ
ǧֹͷȫϢɢ˳գۼ䣬Ѿһǰ
ǧֹûиƴţһֱӾͶֻ֣ǽϢȫ˵ڣȻٵĻصԭء
Ϣڽ˵ںǧֹӺ˵֣ȴϣԼϢȻȫ͸©˳̰㣬˸˳
ǧֹתͷ۳ӷ磬ҡҡͷʾҲһ취ûУ
Щ˻˼ѹϣὫǵǱˣԭһ֧ľӡ
ľӣĴڣһŵսȥǻ籩㣬ʲôطʲôطݲ
ӷԲļһڣһٶͳļһǶԼвɾԽԽˣԼὫǷһԼĴɱʱԼ󲿷ֵ£ǵֵסЩ˵ġ
ڴ˿̣ĸϵӷ̹⣬ҲǵõƵģ̹ӵǿңĸˣҲڴ˿̶
ȫ¡
ӷӰһǰˣҲȫȥڹǼӢ۸
ҿЩٵ񣬵ж͡
һһ͹ֱӴ˳ӷؿڣ͸ղŻƴţһġ
ӷԭһҲûжȭͷؿڣͬ޻ϣԳӷ޷κε˺
ȹĸҲͲûϣˡ
ӷһתԱߴǫ̃ϣһǿϷ
ɳӷҲûȥǣȻ뿴Ϸǽǿֻûа׳յͣȻҲûа׿ϷˣҪſƱƱпġ
һִһָССıˣҲҹӷ磬Ҫ֪ڵĳӷƷǿߣĸ˶ܶ˵ĻԴߣֵ̫Ǯˡ
һָ죬ǿѹס˹ӷĺˡ̼䣬˵Զ֮ʱ顭һը˿
ɱʵ֮£ԵɱǱġ
ľؿŶĺϷЦ죬Ҫٵˣ͹ȥɡ
ţȷһǳõ
ӷѾһȻҲڻ£̧֮䣬εɱһһΣҲһˮƽ˰ɡ
ѵֻĸ𣿻һҹ
ӷһǰʮ״һУ֮ڣһˣӷ˹
ӷɲ˷ʱ䣬㽫Щһһȥľ˺ú棬ǸһƱ
Ӣڼ˵ĳʱɫ䣬Ŀ˶Էòͬû·һɫƤ㣬οǳ˫񣬵ϣȴһӢϤİı顣
ǡ
ӷðһŻ棬ɫĻ棬ҪԼĶ˸ɵ
ڳӷҪ֮Ӣ۾Ȼ󺰵ӷ磬ס֣
ӷ绹ΪӢԼ֣ҲûǶ࣬Ҫʱȴû뵽Ӣ۾Ȼ˹ԼǰǳӷֱȽϿĻɫĻҪӢˡ
СˣʲôǺΣյģ
Ӣ۸˵һıϡ
ۡ
ӢһѪΪ֮ǰѾˣһӢ۳׵˵ϣûˡ

Ҫӷ硭ˣ


1104 Լҳ
ľ˵ǾԲɵӳӷߵֵģǷӷߵӷ֣Ͳһˡң£ͷβľûκιϵӷ˶ŭһеĴɱĻĿ꣬ҲǵϣѽǸʱľҸһùģԲ
òϣľһл湻ģϸһϵˣ¼ϣȴץסǳ嶯ԸõϣԼʵע⣬ȴľظġ
ȻľڻҪõϣҲɵںްյ顣Ͼڵϣӷֱɱȥǰϣ𣬺ȻƾӷԼ첻ϳǱߣѾ˿֮ˣľظ޼ɵ
ӢǰĶˣһģѾʧȥԭĳ̬һеĵڳӷǰһеĲ׼ӷɱˣΪģΪ˵òһָоһԭʮǰѾʧȥ˵ĸо飬ֵ֮飡
ӷˣȫסˣرǻƴţǼ
Լӣ뵽Ǻεȵ磬ǺεȵӢۣҲǰӢ¼
û뵽죬ȻּԼҵĳӣңӣȻǵˣҲ̫˵ɣ
ʱ飬Ľ˻Ǿֵʬ󣬳ӷѾõ˷ǳԵ֤ݣԼ˾ˣսʿȫΪϣƷֻû뵽һ˾ˣǴˣȻ汻ϣ˱ˣʧȥеʶԣΪϣһɱ˹ߣ
ӢУԼӵУΪӣΪʵҲƽ׽˵һʮǰΪǵһӣҲй̫ӵȴûһ˿һļӣǶԴʲôˣ̬ͬȣ
û뵽¸ʮ꣬ӢǼӷ˾ǣԼҳӢУȴΪһɱ˵Ĺߣڸһˣûκε˽ӵɱ˵ָ֮⣬Ҳκεļ˼롣
֮ǰĸһӢеֱϣһɫѾ̹⣬˵ӢѾõ˶ֵӢ۸ֹסӷʱӢ̳֣ӢۣҲСһܸܵˡ
̵һӦ̳嵽ӢǰӢ۷ʵСˣû°ɣ
ңֹ
Ӣۻδ䣬ӢѾʼӷ綯ˣڵĳӷ磬ȴκεķ
һ߶ӢеĽһʵСˣ㲻ڸҿЦɣ
ӷ磬ȷˣôϴ
Ϊʲô
ԣⶼɵĺ¡ұΪ˾ʮǰѾˣǵʬ屻ߣҲܳΪǵƷģȴϡ

һǿ糯ӷӷʩչҪ㿪ӢеĽǾûģľظⳡϷҲΪһɱ˳ӷ磬ֻȻɫˣ
ӷ磬취סǧҪ
Сˣ̫ΪˡѾûʶ˼룬Ϊ֮ǰѾˣҪôסʲô
ȲЩϾҴ磬Ĵˣ㲻ɱ֮£ĸҲԭģ
һ¹һ°ɣԼĴˣԼȻܸľǱߣǵ飬ǰˣʮǰӢ𣿻үӵĳ𣿺Ȼģǣ廹ӢУģֻϣһ߰ˣ
˵СˣǴˣҲѾǰˡڵǸˣǱɱ˹߰ˡ硭
УԲȻ绹ܶǾͻϣţӷһ뵽취ġ
Ӣ⻹̫߿ӷˣҪѾΪ˵ӢлָǱ˵ǳӷ磬Ÿûĵ㡣
ӷںͷʹû뵽ᷢ飬ȻԼĴԸԼǿ֣Ҵºٸծ
ͻȻ䣬Ӣֹͣ˶ԳӷĹһתȻתӢۡ
ӷ˵סӢ֪֮˲ԼֽǹתӢۣӢɱӢۣһǳ׵Ĵ˳ӷ磬Ҳǳ״йίϯӢۣһǱϣıɱ´үӶУֱӻȥ
ӷ纰ɣСˡ
񣬵ȴһӢѾתӢ۵һֳƣҪӢ۵ĺԴȥ
Ӣ۸ͬʱתһƣպþͳӢ۵ǰһƣȴûгӢ۴ȥ
ӢӢеһƣһҲûжҲûת䣬ûΪӢеĳָĵ裬Ҫ㣬˫۽һգ
кڹ֣պþ벻Զ̵ѾӢһǵֱϣҲûҲӢеһƣûг׵ĴӢ۵ϡ
ӷƲ̵ֵļʱԼڳɱ֣㲻ܱӢȫܱסӢ۵
⹫ӣӢ۸ˣɱºݡ
ӷ磬ס֣зӦ
ʲô
̴һӷֹͣɱ֣˵ʲô
зӦһƣûдȥ
ĴӢеˮƿҲ˵Ӣûκ赲֮£һƣûȥ
ӢҲڴ˿۾ԼĴ磬ʮǰ;һĴ磬΢΢е㼤
磬ѽӢۣ㻹ǵ𣿡


1105 ɱ
ÿͻ¼ʱᱻһǱʶĸоһ£޹ʲôǿ߲ǿߣһָоѣźܶʱҲ˵Ǻ£Ǳͻı仯ıԼԭ˼·Լ֮ǰ뷨еİţȫˡ
Ӣеĳ֣Ӣ۴ľһѣû뵽ԼĴ磬ΪʮǰѾϣֵ֮Ĵ磬ȻһγԼǰѵԼĴıɹƳһû˼룬ûκһУֻɱ˵ı
ȻѾʵˣӢȴ޷ܣôӢ۵ĿУԶǴ磬ܱʲôӣԼҵĳӣֵ֮䣬ǰమӢ۾ţֻҪӢлжǱʶһŵʲôѾǸˣȻܱõ壬Ҳһԭ˼ɡ
Ӣ۵뷨ڳӷ翴̫棬̫ɣʣһѾ˵ˣһʮǰѾ˵ˣôܻ˼룬뷨һ㽩ʬûκεôȥҲѹġ
ڣӢеı֣֤һСС飬ӢǶԵģӷ磬Ǵģ
һֻƸպö׼Ӣ۵ĶͷһһȥӢ۱ɣǣӢеڼȡӢһ̣Ȼֹͣ
̵ֹӢеģʹֶˣһҲͲܴӢ۵ϡ
ȴ벻ԼղסӢе֣ȴ֣Ӣһƣ֮ǰɱڵһƣڣȻһûˣ
ȻģӢǲģһƸֹͣҲΪʲôֹͣ٣̿ӢУڵʶ˼ʬ֮ڡ
ӿʼڣһз̫ͻȻҲ̫죬ܶ˵ڶûзӦڹһҲ֪׷ʲô¡
磿ʲô磿
Ӣ۾Ȼ˽д磬ǲ˵ʵǡ
Լҵ£ڹǲҲ죬Ҳֲǲ죬˵ǺڹǣǻǼڶеĪ֪⾿ôһ£
ӷӢеĹѾֹͣѵ˵ʲôоɣһʮǰѾ˵ˣȻڸоǾԲܵ顣
ӷ뵽˵ʲôƵģǳСĵ˵ǧֹ̽һ¡
ӷھԲҴ󣬻Ӣٴν
ǧֹȫ׳ӷ˼Ҫôȥ̽
ϢȫΧӢеȫǧֹǸԵĻˣûǿһʲôȻĸо˵ϢֻҪϢɢȥҹԷڣϢͬһ̽㣬ǧֹԷ
һĹǧֹϢջأȰ˳ӷǰ˵ǸȫĻˡ
ȫĻˣʲô˼
Ҳ˵һǵȴһֺصķӡڡӱϿȫǸˣϸ̽ĻǾԿġΪԶĹϵ¾ǵ𲻵κεãֹͣ˹ֻǱʶʱоһ׸֮ĶǱʶܿͽȥ
ȫˣǲ˵ʮǰӢУӢһûӢбȽϵùϣץ˹ȥ˱ˡ
һδ˸ɱˣɼУ֮ˣҪŶʹࡣ
ǿ̫ˣҳӷĴˣҲ죬ǰôģڣԲǹӡ
ϵľؼһĻһ۵죬ʵôһ£㲻˵ı˺ǿ𣬳㸸׸֮⣬ܱƣΪʲôڻᷢ£
Ҳ벻̫ף˵˿ΪɹƷԲܲܿƵġģټһ
˵꣬óһңĶһ£ң̹⡣
ͬʱӢֱϵҲͬǿҵ̹⣬ӢдһӷƲӣӢǵǱʶѾʧˣǧֹ˵̫á
ɣһơ
ӷһ󺰣̽ӢԱһƣҲһƳӢд˹ȥ
顣
Ӣиһԣ˺Ӣûˣȴ³һɫҺ塣
硭
ӢʹʣĿܵ˵˺ʵҲһĳ裡
СˣȫʧȥʶڲֵĻԺẦˣǵ˸ѡ
ӢȻܲϵˣ˫ȭһգ˵ûԼжԲܱκơӷ磬ȫ˿ɱ
йԼҴԺһƬңˣȫۼ˿֮ڣ
ԽѾһʼǱԷϣ˿ĻʾһĻϷ˵һͲε
裬û°ɣ
ԼĽȫھǣŮҲڣ⼸λүӣǵĶӣҲȫ˹
ܰɣǣǡԴ磡
ưԼ۾ӢУǵȷӢУǣڸӢԵģȴӢۡ
үݺݵҧأʮǰսΪȫսû뵽ԼӻţڣѾƣСչżҵս
үû˵һ仰˫Уȴˮ
Լִ˵֮ᣬǱزٵģԼȴĺ֮ܶ࣬䣬δйᣬүӸϷҲϻοȴϣ죬Ȼᷢ顣
ӷ磬׷ʲô£
ƵȻǳӷ緢ģ˵ⲻǼ£ԼˣȨ֪һС
ӷ署һµḶ́ү֮һĶ
ӢѾǰǸӢˣӢΪ˳粻ܵκε˺˵ĿƣѾ¶ģҪɱԼĴ磬硣
˭֪Ӣڵģ˭ҪʹΪҵӢۣҪ縺ʹԭǳ޷ܵģӢҪ飬֮һ
ӣҵĶӡ
ϷѾ׿ôᷢ飬ԼĴӣԼΪ˱ˣ
裬Ҫ̫ˣ£ͽ紦ɣԽ˵
ôѵɱ𣿡
ԽĽö˫ۺᣬû˸ȥش⣡
ӷţΨһô˽ѵķǡɱ
Уǲ
Ļ˺пܾͻ˺ǣĹơ
ү˵ӷ磬ĺܺãʹ˴뱲ӣ벻ĻǾ͡
ү̾˿Ѿۿ˳˵ɱ


1106 ЦȪ
үһɱ˵ڣӷֻڣѾϷʹ޵ΪйĵһϷˣүһ뱲ӵʱ䣬Ů˵ãӢۣԷϷĪͬʱϷҲĸףʮǰİ׷ͺڷˣʮȻҪһΣңҪۿԼСɱԼĴӣڣһֻڹŴ֮ҲŻᷢû뵽ȴʵʵķϷ˵ϡ
ƵӢֵܣⳡȷʵ̫̣ӷҲүӸϷ˼һĻӷҲֽ֪ԶסģһүӸϷ֪ˣܣڸʹ࣬ôʹʹΪ˱⽫Ϸ˶Ӣ뷨ʵչʵϷۼһĻķ
һ͵ΪɻľƭԣǵƭԣӷҲܲôˣֻϣϣһߵϣɣ
ӢҲ֪ӷ罫ߵƵķʽ͵˼ѹ֮£Ӣʵ֣֣ͻԼĴӵʹࡣңԼĴ绹һʶҲʶĴڣܣɼӰ죡Ȳ˵ģһ´룬ȫ֪ˣȫЩ쵼ֻô罫һĻ¼֤ԼҵĴԼ˽ķףķס
Ȼÿһˣÿһ壬˽һ棬Ӱ쵽ңͬʱҲӰ쵽ԼңӢʮ꣬ڻص˼ңҲΪԼĹϵԼļ˵ָָ㡣
裬ɱҡ
ӢѾ׺ɱǱģɱֻɸ˺
ӢѾȫûʶӢ۵ĽǴɱӢҲܲôˣѾֵĴ磬磬Сܣһ̰ɡ
̫ȭͬʱ֣һͨˣһӵıˣӢû˿η壬еµĻҲǶֵɱֵС
ӷ̨ϵκһ˶ûȥ£Ϊ˶֪Ӣ۵飬ֵ֮飬Լҵ飬ǳӷ磬׼ϱ̶ûʸˡ
ӢһƳӢ۴ӢȴһվԭأصȰӢһƣ
Ϊ磬СƣСܲǴ磬Ǿֵֻˡ
Ӣ棬Ӣ۶Ӣֵֵۣܶܣ˶ˣ˵￴ǳҾ徵ıߣ֪ǱߣӢۻҪ
顣
һȭӢ۵ıϣ֮ǰһƣѾǵˣӢ۲ûнһϣΪԼǸող˵Ƶġ
ӷı۾һĻӷ綼ȥ͸οھǵүǣԱߵˡ
Ӣٴ۾ʱս⣬Ѿȫ˳һ˫۾һ۳ӷ˵ֻֻƵڣүӴˮصĵ˵ͷϷˣȴǿ
磬ҪôʹȥˡѰɡ
ƵڣԽ
ӢһѪֻϷ˺Ӣۡ
裬֣ãǷģҲôܵκεʹˡ
˶٣Ӣۺӷ磬õһá
ӷԾ˵ͷѴ̵ȫӢۡ
Ӣ۽ӹѴ̵ֱָӢУ˵磬ֵܰɡ
ৡ
˶ӢʩչһַǳرĵݣȻǹ
ӷ綼еԾû뵽С˾Ȼͨ˵壬һֹǰûκһ֪ģ
ڣû˻ȥӢʩչʲôֶΣѡĻˣӷڣ뿪˵أ˭ҲԸ⿴ߵķ
Ӣ۴̵Ӣԣৡһ滮Ӣ۵ţһȥӢоȻû㣬ûл֣˵һ㣬һǵΪ֮ӢɱӢУ߷ɼȻгӷڳӢǲֵܵģǾ͸ɴһ㣬Լǿı˰ɡ
͸ӷɱˣڱϷĵǼѾЦľ쵰µ޹أӷҪҵҲ졣
Ӣ۵Ĵ̵һһĴӢеϣӢл֣ӷ˫һתڶľˣǵЦš
Ц˶ãҲⲻ˶ãǵıһڻԸ˵ǿߣֻҪץסᣬɱǼ
ӢѾһӢǲҲ㣬ֱֱģһѴ̵̽Ӣеؿڡ
˶ĿһĻڵϷˣ˿ҲѾ˹ȥүǣȫÿһˣᣬȴûһ˵ˣ
ӢȻ̧ͷ̵Ӣеţڱ˵𲻵κõġ
ʱӢ۷֣Ӣԭû˿ѪɫϣȻ¶һ΢΢ЦݣһʮִӵЦݣʮֶغЦݣЦݵڣֻӢ۵Ļˣû뵽죬Ȼٳˣ
󣬴硭
ӢۣӢۣ
磬ˣ
ңѲ˶áڣҵһߣϣϽ߸ϵҾͿԽˡ
ӢоȻʱ˹ҲԼ˵Ѳ˶á
Ӣ۽̵γ˺󼸲Ŵı飬Цдʹ࣬ԼǸӵʹӢлҪʹ
Ӣ˫۳Χתһ£ڳӢ֮⣬кܶˣܶڳ
ӢۣЩˣǹ𣿡
Ӣ۵ӷ磬ţǶ
ӷȫߵӢߣӢۺЦŽܵ磬ǴõĶӣӷ磬ǸУΨһһ˰ѫµĺúӡ
ãܺáˣӢˣʲô
ǣǻưĶŮӸСϵĶŮ׳Ůӷϱˡ
ӷ˶û˵ӢУָоǳ֡
ӷ罫ֻӢУ˵ˣ⹫ǣڿԸ˵
⹫ҲǣԼĸף
ӢпֻƵûᣬֻ˵֣ãǲҪޣˣȫǹҵľˡ
ѽǾˣ֣ޣЩ˵̫ݳˣҲ̫ѿˡ
ʱ򣬲ޣ
磬Ѿǹҵĵһ׳ˣʮǰһӷѾص˼ǣȴ
ˣʲô˵ˡӢۣӦ磬磬ĸ磬úТ˳ĸչ˼ӣǵĹҡ磬ˣ㣬춯ְɡ
ӢУҵĶӡ
֣Բ𣬺Тһˣ
үƵڳ˵ͷ֮⣬ô飬ô
Ӣһƾȴӷסˣ˵Сˣǣɡ
·ӷ磬ңʲôط
ﵽмλãǴΨһһֻҪһϣǴ˾͡
ӢѾ۾һ̣ûмĸһ档
ӢҲĸѹһĻ֮ǰѾ㹻ˡ
磬һ·ߺá
ɣְɡ
Ӣת˶գǡйӢС
ӤҰŵάǼǣǰ˵ǣ̾йԼңȻӢۣ
ӢڴЦ󺰵ͬʱӢۣѾһƴȥӢУȴЦݣԶֱĵȥ
ӷɫأ˵ЦȪˣһ·ߺã


1107 ȫȨ쵼
ѾˣľɵŵųӷɱѾܵûӰˡ
Ӣ۱Ӣеʬ壬ҪģϽӢл𻯵ҽǻͻعȥˣƻ⣬ϾǾֵ壬˭Ҳܱ֤ᷢʲô¡
ڻʢܽӢеʬ֮Ӣ˶ԵûɱԼĴ磬ǰԼĴˣΣԶĨȥģ
Сˣô
ڣӢۿŹǻ̳˵ұϴ˵Ĺǻһع
ڻȥߵô죿
ӷ磬Ѿ˰ѫ£飬Ҫˡ
ң
ǵġ⹫Ƕڼһȥô꣬ȻûʶģţҲعˣҲڶƬ̣
ӷһ£ʵ˵Ĺǻһع֮󣬸ðʲôطҪ֪֮ǰѾ˵ǵȫսˣֻǽһģʧȥ˼䡣ֽ˵ĹǻҴعԴ𣡡
ʮǰѾ˰˱ɽԡ
ԣ˵Ĺǻңܵڶΰڰ˱ɽˣ
Ϊ˲κһ˵ԼҵлҲֻίˣţһġ
Уλ˾һӢۣôΪǰ飬ĵطûСϵżҪڹһˮأȽ˵ĹǻҰᣬϣҵ⼸λ˾˵Ĺǻңٽλ˾ȫһ𡣡
Ӣ۵˵ͷ£ͬġ

ӷ磬㲻Ҫһ⼸λ˾˵ĹǻңͬսʿĹǻңȫҪҵǱϣ㶪ʲôطҲһҪһһҲ١ѾԲЩսʿˣǵʬĵطҶزˣ
Сˣģһһ©ȫһġϣҸ©һĻҾɱǵˣɱǵѣһйսʿɱʮˣһٸѡ
ãС㣬ǹҵĵˣԲڣҾȴ˵Ĺǻһعȥˣߵ飬ҲҪġһǱãȫȨⳡ˾֮¡ƾŰѫ£Ҳ˸˵ʲôġ
ӷ籾ǲȥģڣСҪ˵Ĺǻһع߾ûִˣ뷽Ĵһǹ˾ͿʼˣĴһ㲻Ŀǰ³ʲô⣬Ǹʱ鷳ˣ
ãұ֤κδۣһǹӮġձǹһУҪۡ
ӷ磬ʲôʲôʲôʲôӦڰдҪյʮֵλһߴһ¶˿ţͻᱻձץסᣬʱǹңⳡ˾Уûзˡ
ʵӷˣȻӢԼȫȨǳӷҲͲҪڰнˣֱӽȫеĹңͳͳվԼйߡ
ڳӷӢ۲һΣֻҪӷӦˣͿԾԷ
֮Ӣ۽⼸һЩ飬ҲǾޱʦԼҪҪиϻعȥߵĹ˾ԼӷȫȨ
Ӣ۴ӢеĹǻϷɻ󣬳ӷҲʱ䣬żеʦ⼸ء
Ƶ꣬Ѿӷʽڹ˾֮ǰԼй֮⣬κ˶סҾƵ꣬Ҳÿȥˡ
λ֪˵ҪҵģҵһҲ飬ɱϾⳡ˾ڹϵңҲֵĻұ˹ֻᵢʱ䡣ԣڽʱڣ˾֮ǰϣȫҵİţҲκһΥҵ£һһǾͻӰⳡ˾ʤ㡣
뷽Ĵǲ˵ʲôʦͲˡ
֪ԽܴܲǴӮⳡ˾Ҫı¡
˵һŮʦԼʮӣ˵һ룬СӣҳԹαԹ׷࣬ƾʲôѽһվҪǿ
ӷһָţ˵ǣģϳȥһ̰㶩ûƱع
Ůʦǲˬ˵߾ߣѵһ㲻ɡϵ뷽棬˵㡭
𼤶һû˵ꡣ֮߳Ҳʹʦĵ˽ˣӽ󣬾ʦִղҲԱ֤Ҳ˾ˣҲκηͥˡ
㣬ʲô˼ƾʲô
ƾʲôع֮ͻ׵ġ
Ǿޱֹǽ㣬Ҫ嶯ɵĳġ
ֻǸëͷСӶѣҾͲţƾҵںв
ϯĹѽ
֪ϯĹôѵЩ̫ӵͿΪΪǶѧɵģûǿɲͬԲYIN֮µġ
Ǿޱ̾˿ǽʵ˲ֻԸе㲻öѡӢ˵ܣϾǾίϯɳӷʲôǣΪӢ۵һ仰żë
ǽ㣬ѵ治֪Ǿޱʵ
֪ʲô
ϯϹ˭治֪
֪ҲҪ֪˾ûϵ
ϯϹǳۣ㲻۵ֶûɣ
ۣĸۣš
ûǸۡӷѾӹţңţҲһֽģڹڴˣǳھһд׿˵ġȲ˵һôĴڣ͵һţҪɱĻã㻹лϷͥ𣿡
ǽ㱻һ治ģһţǿǹĿǰҵѽԼǰܶ취ҪΪŵķɹʣ˼ҸͲ㡣
죬ԵľȻŵĴʼˣǽɫ䣬һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôˣ
ȻӷҲǸСˣΪǽһ䲻ĻķɱϾⳡ˾ΪҪģȻ֮ˣǱضڣÿһˣⳡ˾
ȻҶûˣǽǾһ£ĵһù˾ôɡ
Ǿޱ˵Ѿȫƻˣڵһù˾ϣǻᡭ
һù˾ʲô
ʲô
û˵һù˾ʲôҪʦΪεʦҪڵһù˾ϣһ仰Ҳ˵ձǱߵĴʦ˵Ϳˡңߣʲô֤ݶҪóӲҪй֤ݵ顣
ӣҲ̫˼Ǵ˾ʲô˵Ҫô򣿡
ӷЦһ˵ⳡ˾ĻҿԱ֤ǣһ䡣飬ҲˣձΪӮʲôֶζõĳʹϣǸʲôĻ벻䶼ѡԣҾԣڹʷͥϣԾƶԱ֮ʩ


1108 
ʱĺܿ죬ת۾͹ȥˣ죬Ҳǹʴ˾á
ձ˵ⳡ˾Ȼ̫ϣⳡ˾ģձˣǲܳϵйµУȻǰ飬ɾȫΪӰʯͷԼŵ飬˵ձκ˶ɵġ
й˵ⳡ˾ȴȫĵģĿģһ죬ΪһǳرӣΪծĿʼ
йеһ߼ߣѾȫ˻ʢ٣ҲѾۼ˹ʷͥſڣǽһʱ䱨Ź˾һдСеϸڡ
ǰʱйѾˣɶей˵ϣȴǲ֮ҹйˣȫڵӣԣʹ˾һУͨзֳ
ʢľƵ֮⣬һгѾ絽ŵģΪǣ뽫ϵĹãйߵĴ֮⣬ձ棬ҲˡֻΪйǰƵձǱߵĴҲ֪ΪʲôסľƵȥˣ˵ֻ֮˳ۣԼܶҵ֪һ⼸֮ڷĳЩ飬ŻʹձҾƵȥģ
ӷ粢ûиǾޱһ߳Ƶ꣬ӵģ뷽ǴǾޱеʦڸ߳Ƶʱͱйһ߼߸סˡ
ʦ˵ǵһﻪʢٵʦų飬֪ϢǼ٣
ڵҪʶȻⳡ˾ʦǾޱҲһ̿ʼʽΪȫйעĶҲһ̿ʼ޴ʦ֮ȫ硣
شҶ˴ԣûзʦŵдʦȫһҲû١
뷽沢ûнʦŵ͸¶ȥǾޱ޼ɵ˵ЩҲǲͬǶ룬ⳡ˾ʧȥġ
ʵĹ˾ǰҲʽĹ˾ֻйϹϣձİˣձδϹϾɱ
죬Ǵӽ쿪ʼǾޱȴʦйձκδۣҲҪǸ浹ʵ࣬Զֻһܱڵµ˹Ϊ֮һ㣬Ҳ׵ģһ죬ˡ
޴״ⳡȫ񶼹ģĿĹ˾жģ
ߵ⣬Ҳȫ⣬Ǿޱʱ˿ĳɸɻ󣬻شٷ֮١Ѿ׼еϣҲȫ׼ˣԣⳡ˾еͬģһӮġ
ʲôȻִɰʵ׵Ĺ򡣿ڣһߣ׷ȥҲɵӣԼĹӮⳡ˾ʦڴ˾֮ǰҪ˾ԵģǾޱĻɾǸ˵ˣҲй㹻ģȻΪʦĶģЩֲɵӣһˮùȥѽ
λѣʱѾˣ˾ϾҪʼˣǱҪǰһСʱϵʷͥеļѸһǰɡ
뷽ĴὫ߸ߣ෴ⳡʹ˾Ҫۼ֤Ҳ˵ейߣۼڹʷ֮ͥϣͬձļҲͬġ
֧ʦŶӣŶӣй֤ŶӣȫųǰʷͥģУѾҵйˣȻűĹȴûԼݣϵйĴ£һμӣڱٰİ˻ˣ죬ǲܴ
벻ǣЩУȻƼҵˣңƵ㾭үӣȻڼڵı֮£ҲĶ鵱УҸŶ飬һͬǰʷͥ
ү˵ԽΪĳЩҪ飬ѾǰعȥˣߵȫȨ˳Ӹӻֶⳡ˾𣿡
Ƶ㾭ıʵ
Ӣ۵Ļһе㵣ģϾСӣ̫˽ˣͲˣʲôֶΡձȴշǳҪӢСǸյձ˵ңž񣬶ĵġڲͬˣȻⳡ˾йӷ縺ģһձ֮³Կ෴
үЦһûаѻ˵꣬ͿԼŮôⳡϷɡ
ӷûиǾޱһȥûȥʷͥڻʢٵĴε
Ǿޱӷµ˵ʵ˭ﶼûףҲû֪ӷ絽ô뷽ĴҲ˵ʲô
ڳӷ˵ȻѾźһУձɱҲѾȫˣͲձˣңҲǣԲЩйͬ
Сӣҿӡ÷ڣƸǶѪֵ֮ġ
ͻȻһһй˵
ӷһû뵽⻪ʢ٣Ȼй
תֱһ̯йǰӷʵ⻪ʢ٣Ҳ԰̯𣿡
ǵȻģһҰףʲôط̯ʲôطڣĹϲҡ
ȻйˣǾӦ֪죬Ӧð̯
Ҳ̯ĻôĵءСӣȻ黹δʼǾİɡ
ҵʱ䲻ࡣ
ûϵһͺãܣ
ں̫Ҫκ˵İ
ǾͷɣܶˣҪİ
Ҳ̫⻰˼
ЦСӣҪ֪ϣܶ˶޹ģԣϣ֮ǰΪЩ޹һ¡ļƻⳡ˾ĻǽкܶˣܶͥΪⳡ˾Ĺϵļ
ӷֱǰΪģΪ仰ԣ֪Լʲôˡ
˼ΪйˣӦ֪֮⣬Ҹû취Գ׵Ӯⳡ˾ˡ
˾ȻҪӮģ˵һкܶ࣬ΪʲôҪּҵķأ
ǰңӲӮҪԶ䣬Ҳհ졣ڣҲ䣬Ҳ䲻Ϊһˣͬкܶͥɢ
̾˿˵Ȼ㶼˵ˣҲȰȥСӣ˼һ仰ϣܼס
˵ɣ
ΪҪΪ²롣
ӷһЦʵһ£Ϊ׼׼
߻شƽֻΪ˿ˮֻΪǵĶǳ׼׼ͬʱҲһһıڲϵķ
֮ǰ˭
ͬգͬһѪԴ
˵꣬ʰ̯ӣˡ
ӷʵɷ´
ˮΪ飬Ȱˡ벻ȫƾ벻ģ
ԶȥıӰӷйһˮʦޣ


1109 籩֮ǰ
ڷˮȦʮǰֹһλʦ˳΢壬ȴѧһ졣ھʱΪ棬ֻǸ߽ƭӣרƭЩ󻧣𽥷չλʦҲ¶ı£ܶʱ򶼿԰Щٹ˷׻Щٷƣȴû֪ʲôɲô٣ÿηˮ裬תˣ˵һɺϣɺϣʮɺϵĻϰٴμһ𣬾;ԲǸɺˣ
թƭ˲ˣҲúܶٵйֻҪˣûһкܻ³෴Щˣ󣬶ûк³ö֮λʦ͵һţΪޡ˼˵׼飬ͬĻ㣬ֻѡţ㲻ţ³ͻǳҡ
ôһˣ˵ʮǰѾйķˮȦʧˣҲΪһˮ񻰴棬û뵽Ȼʢ٣ңôɵ˳ӷ硭ӷ˵ĻҲǸɺϣλʦΪ֮ģųӷġ
һֻ֮Ϊ˿ˮӷ绹Ҳû˵ʲôɽǼ仰֤ı¡
ˣΪͬһգΪͬһѪԴɼǰλӷĹϵѾȻˡ
ϣ˭ʸλģͲö룬оԵı£򣬲˵㲻׼Լ˶
ӷ֪ţΪĹϵΪڼǰһˮ飬ϣᵽ֡
Ϊֵģǰ˿ˮһûļ壬ڼ̵ʱͬҲһȨļ壬̼˥ܣһˣĿ֮ҲĿ֮
ӷ籾ס޵ģһ룬ȻԼүү׵궼ûԼ͸ûǸҪˣԳȴ˵һˮʦͿóûĻ˵޿ֱӳưԻĺҲ߽⣡
һˣû뵽Ȼ䵽⻪ʢ뿪ԼĹңԶ磬ϣ׷ôĹ£
ÿһ˶Ĺ£ֻǷǾʶѡ
ӷûȥ̫࣬һָо֮󣬻޵ģ
ǰϾҪʼˣйձⳡʴ˾Ҳ䶯磬˵ⳡʴ˾ȫֱģҲɸԣȫ綼֪ķչ̣
Ǹֵˣÿμ棬һرĸоʽΣȴڽֱ߸ЩװŪϹ
Фӳӷǰղųӷ˵ǿˡ
ɲܺ˵λɲһˡ
Ը˵ѵ𣿡
û˵
Īĸ˵죿
Ҳû˵ðɡ
ˣʱѾˣǿȥʷͥɣ˾쿪ʼˡ
ҿûܹȥ
Сѽ˵㲻ѾȫȨⳡ˾ˡһ˲Щʦô롣
ģһоҵյС磬ǾȹʲôģϴҺӦ͸ָģ͵ǻծɡ
㻹˼˵ָҽǮ㿨һҲûԼ϶ˡ
ȥɣѵġ
ѵ䣿ٵİɡ
ŷʯ䣬˵Ǽٵģǹڹʴ˾ı󣬻һС˾ˡ
Ҷû࣬ɱƭҡ
㵱Щܽƭˣʲôʱƭ㡣
·Ǵ򳵣
ǸˣſŪˣҪȥذһţԣҲûǮֻ·ˡ
ФЦһ£ѽʵ˺Σ󷽵ʱһܲöͳȥСʱ޷ĵġ
ФҲǼֲˣ
ѧԺǱߣѾ֪ʦˣȴΪһ
һЩ֮ˣֻẦˡ
ʵ㣬ƽӣԼӰ
ȻڰˣǵС£ҪԳġ
ҿӦΪһС£һ°ɣ
ӷ粻ɫȷɱϣ֣ÿؼ岻ƼǱ߾ͿΪΪˣȷǼС¡
ӷ粻˵Фʵǹ˾飬ô죿
Ǯ
Ǯ㿪ʲôЦǮõĻⳡ˾ҲϵڲŴˡ˵ˣձɲǸ෴ǸǳԣĹңѲɣ㻹ŵ壬ձɣ
˭֪ĴȴӲձ⣬Ӳձзֹ˾񣬳ӷ˵ҪǮⳡ˾ѵǴձľ
Фµһ룬ӷȷ򾭼÷֣ȴձһ棬һȫԣģĽڷ籩
СڹĻֹ֪ͨͣе⣬Ϊһ
Ҳ˵ӷչжѹֻǾޱڵһʱʲôҪʲôҪ˵ˣ
ʲô˼
ҵĻˣҪʡ
ҼûģҺڹ⣬ϵһɡ
ҲãɽǼϵ飬̨壬ҲûʱȥǼ⡣ϵһ֪ͨףȫֹͣ
ţ㵽ʲô
첻һʹ˾ô򵥣֮󣬻кܶ˼µķܹңҪֵĻȥձɡ
ѵ㡭
Фһ䣬ˣʲôĳѽ˵ڵĻһӣ˿ɶˣ


1110 ʯ
ѷŷʯûгԼĹ˾ֻǿһҼҵ鱦ѣΪ鱦ֻ꣬ʯʵ鱦ѷκһҵ궼۵ģ
ϾѷǸ׵¼µģ׵¼ҲıȽϴ󣬵ȴЩԱ˿֮໥ϲʶ֪֮ȴ֪ԶΪ׵¼µģ飬˭һй¶˳ȥǺ·һ
׵¼ҲԼԭʲô˵ʲô˵ʲôʲôԵʮһķɰ㣬κ
ӷ˻ʢһ鱦꣬Ҳѷ鱦꣬ҲǸѷͬģΪ鱦С
ſʱѾкüԱӭˣ̬ȷǳãܳӷϴǲƣǶڿ˶һͬʣҲѷΪʲôɹԭҲ׵¼Ϊʲôԭ
ⷽ棬ܶʱ򣬾ԼǸϰ壬οҡˣӷ籾һܺõӣ
С㣬ʲôǿ԰ǵģ
ǾŮ˼п˽ˣǰȥӭӣŮҲһкöÿһˣľǰȥӴ
ڵʿ̫࣬鱦겻תתҲǺģЩǷǳϸĵĸÿһ⣬һʯԴʲôطʺôãԼãˣЩ͵ķǳ
ӷǶĶ࣬ʯЩ֪Ļ治࣬ô˵ǰҲǲݸǸʱڳӷ˵ʯݳƷԼһӶ𣬼ȻˣֺαȥоЩء
֪н죬ǰӦöʯ鱦֪ʶ˽һ㣬һʳӷϲһʯʲôطģʲôõģĳӷһ仰Ӳϡ
ФԱЦ˵û뵽ʯⶫȻסˡ
ʲôֵҿɲǰٿȫ飬ʲôġ
һ㶼
ȻҲ֪ǰã˵ʯһöָǰҲģȻĶûʲôãоʲôѽ
ФԲţӷר̴ԼʯģǴӦԼԳӷԸ˵ҲԼܵЩѽ˭һˣԣФԿ϶ӷ⣬һĿġ
˵ϰŷʯ
ФһʣŮǿ˶Լҵ겻̫Ƶġڣѷ֣Ȧǳŵһ˲ʯʱЩĹԱͻὫѷֱʲôû֪ѷ˭鷳㻹Ȼؼһ°ɣǶԿֻҪÿ˸һ˽ǵ飬ǾԲʯġ
λС˵ûϰѷ
Ȼѷĵ꣬һмٵˡ
ӷһ˵Ҳһ
˵𣬵ű˵˵ʯǼٵģЩȽûʵĹԱһǲˬ
λ㲻ŵĻṩһǵϣҲԻؼҲ飬˽ǵ֮ٻеʯֻҪڿеģʲôʱǶŵģԲˡ
ӷǳŮ˵Ļѷ־ϵôͱأȱԼϵĻһԼˡ
ûйңӷʵ
˼ûʲôģΪǵпˣȫǵĹȻǵʯҲûۿ۵ġ
ˣὫˣҲ˵˽۸ȫͻлء
ҵ꣬Ȼǵļ۸ȫˣһ㻹۵ĻᶼûУڱ˿Ǽʲô£ڳӷ翴ѷҲһֶصı֣ûм۸ɻǾͱʾǶһ޶ģڱĵط򲻵ġ
һ۸ûĽһǵһμġ
Сй˰ɣ
ǵġ
ӦҲǵһǵɣ
û
ѹˡʵǵأԿѾ˴δκεĸı䣬˭ͳʯҲͬļ۸񡣡ӷЦһͬҲ̫λ˵ɡ
ܼܲһϰ壿
˵Цˣϰǲġ
ɾ֪ϰ壬컹
ŮȻһйô֪Լϰ˵ҲĵĵһѽԼݵԱûʸϰģֻĵһ˽ӴҲϰ嵽ϢȥˣӲȥϰ壬ϢҲǱģô˵ѷҲŷʯѽȻ˵ܶϵ˶ѷʹӲκ˺ġ
Լ֮⣬Ͳ֪ϰ˵ǣйȴ֪
ϰ壬˵Ǵйıģһҵġ
Ůԥһ£Ҳϰѣ򲻿ܻ֪ϰ˵ˡ
С΢һ£ȥǸ˵
Ů뿪󣬳ӷФһڵʯФȴûпҪκһʯΪĿֻӷģܳӷҪʲô£ԼһʯҪ


1111 ı
кڣӷͲҪѷģΪܲκβĽУϳӷйȫȨˣԾͲʧһѷźãӷҲǳһŶɣ
Ůܿͳˣڵ̬ȱ֮ǰ֪ҪöپãΪŮ󣬸ŵģȻѷˡ
ϰԳӭӣɣλʲôͷ˵زԼϰԳӭӵģҪ֪Լҵ깤Ѿˣ컹ǵһμϰ壬ھȻԸϰӴò˵Ҫлйѽ
ѷĳ֣ܶ˲û⣬ΪѷٳֳϵģʶˣȫǴҵܣЩְԱ˼֮⣬ְԱͲ֪λԼϰ塣
ѷһģȻǺڳӷ罻֮󣬺һֱѷ飬ڳӷ絽֮ǰѷҲΪѵģʩӵѹٴѷҲ뷨
ҪһŷĽڷ籩ɲеô򵥣Ǯƾѷһ˵һȫĽڷ籩лҪж෽ϸ֧ԮУ
ѷ鱦ɲţԼӲǳԶɽҪ飬˵ʵһûС
ǲ֪ô˵ģԼֻʣ¼µʱˣҪ׵¼ҧһڲܼȥ̫ΪѣҪѷҲǺΪѵģǣѷҲֻܲһеģԼĿ۵㡣
ȺŭӷˣպãгӷڱţǾ͵ڱţԼ׵¼壬ҪǿѷӼֵĵ
ѷ룬λӦþͲҽ˰ɡ
ѷеΪǰλܲԼϵģ뱩¶ݲŻɽ죬ȻˣҲ˵λʮֿԼѽңԺı˵ڳӷǰԼǰһݣһԱλϿɣԼͲõֻܻˣ
һжȥˣѷЦϴε飬Ӷ£ҰŵĲãŻóӡ
ѷ˵꣬ӷ˵Ǽ²ѷ£ľǾ͸鷳ѣҲǼƽϵġ
ѷô˵Ҳľڻ浣ľأĳϵλӣǼ͵ŵùɣ
һФʵӣλСǣ
ŶФҵŮˡ
Цһһºã˵ġô˵һμӷʱڳӷߵҲǻѽֻһǸļɻ䣬ɵҿԡ
һѷҲˣеĸˣһʯָ˹͸Ф
Фѷ͵ģҲͺҪ̸飬Լڳ˵ӷ磬Լɣ̸ǵġ
ǺãҾȲˡ
Ҫ
ѷĸˣȫФФеĿʯܼ۸Ʒ̴ִ֣ͣѽûС
һ칫ң˵һʯӹС͹ڣӷѷѾĹԱȫ˳ȥʣԼˣҲͿԿżɽ̸ֱˡ
ѷҵ⣬Ѿ˰ɣ
ѷ˵ͷ˵˶Ѿҡ
ںĳƺǰȻǺܶҲʶڳӷǰͲҪκεˡ
²̫ΪѰɣ
ΪѣŹأ
ѷЦһ£ʵӣܲһ⣿
ѷǲǵӳˣ
ûµģʰɡ
Ȼ˵ʰɡⲻҪ̫࣬һ͹ˣӿûʱ˷ѡ
ǡֻ֪ԳӵݣҪӦǺܼ򵥵ģһ仰ܰĵΪʲô
֪ΪʲôԼ
ǵġ
ܼ򵥣ΪйˣεĽڷ籩й֮⣬Ǳ鲼ȫģţҪʰ̯ӣԴҪЮĹҡ˵𣿡
Ϊǳ˾
Ȼ
Ϊһ˾ȻҪôĶѷǸ֮ˣжôĿ£ںȴû뵽Լмµʱɻܶˣ죬Ҫ¥ɱˡ
ѷ̾˿治ǳҵļ̳ˣʲô鶼ɵĳѽ˵Ϊ˴ﵽĿģǲֶΣ
ҵģƾһ˵Ƿǳ޵ġӿ΢ɳĻӦþͲˡ
ֻҪұ֤߲飬ȻᴦãʱҲȻ˸ϵġ
ֻҪг仰һõġ
ţǴڿʼڰоۼеĲɡ⣬ϵЩˣӦҲɡ
û⡣
ҵ绰סҵ绰һ֮һСʱڣҪŷľôҡ


1112 Ӯͱ
ڷ棬ż治Ǹõ֣ڸһõϢͲҪӷԸѾھǵĽ⣬һأҶеĹϵ˾ǡ
ͬʱԼһϵгԱҲȫӢ˫ֱӢеĹǻ̳ɫأû˿ĵۿǷᣬΪڳÿһˣλүӸϷڣȫī϶źɫװǰһɫĻ
ӢеĹǻ£Ĺ֮Ϸ̲סˣīʹĿ
үϷ˵ļ򣬶ѾˣʵչʵŵˣҪŬȥ
վԽΪλ޵µҲֻһɹŮ˱˰ˣģһ仰Ҳû˵
һĺӳ˿üλѾλ׳Ҳϵǣȫǵιһ׳ҲӢе׳
ԣǸոյõϢ̴˷ϻˣ
Щ˼䶼ѾλҲѾϵһɵˣǵϢʮͨģԼҷ顣
ǰǼλ׳үӾͬһսϵģΪȦ̫˰ɣڣǵѾλ߾Ȧˣȫȥˣ˵ǼλλǼҵҲ͵˽ˡ
Щ׳Уһλǵ취ƭң˵ӷز۵һ׳Ҳ׳ǰλһ׳
λ׳ͣүӻҪ꣬ǰҲսѣ
죬ۣɻǵϹͷ
λ׳˵йʱĵڶλһ׳
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ѽѾˣڵйǵһѽΣͲôˡ
׳Զ׳
ЦһԽ̵Ѿͷѽⷽ棬һġ
ֿһ۳ۣλԼͷʹԵļһһķ粨ʹԼһͷ󣬶ǸʱԼպûλۼ֤ǳҾ徵ıߣ
ۣǲǻڹң
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Խ˵ô׳˵ġ
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ϹͷҲ˼ˣĻʱҡ
ǰףɱ㣬½ٺʮꡣ
ѽǸһһ仯ûУֻѾ˼ҵĸˣʲô£ҪΪĶһ¡
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ӷСӲһһţѾưԻģڻ㣬ǿˡ

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ǣǿҵĶӣܲǿΣƨĵ飬ҾͲƽˡ
׳Ҫƨ˵Ǹţڳÿһˣʲô
ӳߵԽߣԽĶ˵˼仰⼸仰Խɫޱ䣬ǳʧ̬ŭ˵ʲô
ͷڸͲȥԽ졣
үӼ߹ʵǲǻʢǱ߳ʲô⣿
Խҧأתųۣݺ˵иöѽ
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Ӣóֻӷĵ绰ǣͨ
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ԽùֻһһϷĶţŵݺܼ򵥣ҲͰ˸ֶѡ
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˵ҪӮⳡ˾ֻ취
취
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ȫ綼ձӣ⻹Ӯⳡ˾÷ѽͬʱжټͥΪ£ļѽ
ԽΪԼе࣬ɷҲԼΪһϯǰֵʸûУ
죬ҲҪΪһù˾ţ֪Ĺ˾Ӯͱ䡣


1113 
ľ˴ھƵķ䣬һǲйձĹʹ˾йʦȻӿʼһõĽһ仰Ҳû˵ûóκйϾɱ֤ǲľҲ֪ӷ絽ˣʲô
ӣⳡ˾ձӮˣ
ߺźƱЦһйˣڼй˵һõĹ˾󣬾ȻЦĳֻʵڲӦ
ľؿЦһ軰˼йı̫⣬Ϊ̫⣬̫֣ŻľؾĲ򵥣
йһϳĿӵĻⳡ˾ҲûʲôˡйȻڵһõĹ˾һ仰Ҳû˵֤ϷûʼҲ׵ǣӷ絽ôģڱʲô𣿡
һģԳӷΪ˵ڱͱӣʲô֪ձΣˡ
ľشһ绰֮ɫļΪأ鿴У֪̬൱ء
ǲǳӷǱʲôжˣʵ
ӣǽкܳһʱ
ʲô˼
ѷǱߣѾټи̣ҹ̸ʲôңǻеĲȫۼһ𣬿ƽʲôж
ѷѵǳӷˣ
ԡʵ벻ͨʲôôи̵Ĳȫ۵һҵ磬ڶ̶̵ļСʱڣԼһУȫ˰ٷ֮ʮ
Ȼʵ˵ϣ۸˰ٷ֮ʮ
ǵģ⻹ǸʼƵ죬ҪһȥˣľãԵӰ졣֪ǰһֻҪʮȴʮһϵƷҲ֮ȥ⽫ɶᷴӦ
ʵǻô
˵ıĲʩѹ
ʲô˼ǲҪ˵ǻ
ľظͬʱ˵ڷ籩
ڷ籩
ĸ֣һ㶼ģЦ˵ӷǲɵˣڸձʹ˾㳡ڷ籩Ǻձ˵κεӰɣ
˵߷ڷ籩ǶձȻκεӰ졣磬еĹңͬʱڷ籩أ
ͬʱһᵼȫԵĽڷ籩
Ҫ֪ҵ磬ܶҶϵģͺñЩڵ˵ɣֻҪߵĹ̽۸ȥҵľӪ̲ܻѽҲὫ۸ȥģһͻὫüҵľøңһǣһңϣҲͻ˳⣡
ľ˵ͺñȴȾһȴȾӿ£ܶ˽һҹ֮ʧȥеһУͬʱҲкܶһҹ֮䱩ЩһǮҪǮһеȥͬ⣬⣬ʲôǿġ룬ͻȻӵȻãٵ־м˻ܵˣͷ¥¥Ҳ᷽ңһһھϳ⣬ͻ뾡һа취ȥȣǸʱΨһֹⳡȫԽڷ籩ģҲֻзⳡȫԽڷ籩Ĳ߻ˡ
ʵֻô
˵Ĳ߻ˣͽΪȫľһ仰κһҶҲ㲻ҲôΪһĲʹıĲ߻ʲôܵĻĹͲԱĲ߻ôˣǻᷴͬʱǲĹÿ
˵⣬ˣ˵ӷⳡȫԵĽڷ籩ȫеĹңձȫ綼վйߣȫйԵӮⳡ˾
ûǳӷĿġû´Ļ죬ҲһῪһŷᣬؼʱ̣ǨƻйȥҲֻǱϵĶɾôһȴйľòκ⣬һţȶκһҵľãȫľöˣΨйңͻţ˵йǸʱйɾͳΪȫĵһⱳĲ߻˱ǳӷ磬ҲֻҪⳡڷ籩ֹͣȴеĹȫƵŸйϣ˵ձϣӮⳡ˾𣡡
ӷУ湻ģ˵һӮ˹˾йΪһųΪ˾ӷ쵰̫Ǹˡ
λҵļ̳ˣүүӣɺݶˣΪĿģֶΣȫΪУû˸ôǸ֪һжӷΪ˭ָ˵ԼĹҾõ˼ʮ飬û˻ɵȥòϣϣǶ


1114 Σ
һõĹ˾еʦʮƣһԭаٷ֮ʮӮĹ˾ȴΪӷĹϵֱӸˣЩȫõʦ˵ְҵеһ۵㡣Ϊ˴룬ǾޱʦҲܲճӷ˼ȥ죬Ͼ˾ſʼһӮ˵ʲô˭Ц󣬲ʤߡ
ǾޱȫͬοԼЩߣɾͲΪˣһȫ˾Ƶ֮⣬ŸѾвټ߳˾Ƶ꣬ҪǾޱһ컹˽˵ٷְӮȴȫʧΪⳡʹ˾ʦǾޱڵѹʵ̫
ʦȫһĻⳡ˾ҲôˣǴȫ񣬼Ҫ뻻ʦ
һھƵĴ𣬺кڹǵסȻǾޱһ˵ϹʷͥˣЩ߾ҪǸʬΡ
ܲǾޱеʦ뷽Ĵȫڻһϣ˭Ҳû˯Žô
汻СӸˣˣҪΪҵˣ
Ǿޱ̾˿ӷȷб£ҲԺգ㣬Ǿޱϣ򣬲ձĴ³
һ¹һ£һбµˣڹؼʱ̵ӵĻҲֻ֤ǵ㱾ֻǵСˣǿԺյŻˣ˼ұ㣬¼ϣû㵱һ£
ǣǶˡļ߶Ҫǣ͸˵ڵˡѽҵϹҵĺӣҵĸĸеѣƶΪҵĹϵܵϸѹôǽѽ
ʦǵıԹҲǺεҡͷ̾
λһʰ飬̬ã׼ýĹ˾ɡҲҪ룬ųһİŵġ
ʲô˵֮⣬ʲôŵġѵƾһ仰ձǸ£ҲҪⳡ˾ˡ
䣬ͼŴ򿪣ӷ
˶ҵİźǲѽ
Ǿޱ˵ǶѾһˣٲӮһĻԼȥȫͰɡ
˾ǵְ𣬸ʲôϵ
ô˵Ļ𡣡
ǾͲҵˣӽ쿪ʼôô򣬲ֹǡ
Ǿޱ⻰Ǹˣڴ˾£ΪҪģǸԷһڣӱϿǶԷԼһϾѾһ룬ʣҪʲôܽƸӮѽ
˵ɣͨĹ˾˵һ֤ȱ֮£ͺӮˡο⻹ǳʹ˾鷢ڼʮǰе֤ݶ̽ǣҪôȥ򣿡
ôô˵ʲô˵ʲôóʲôţЩʷٸţܵġ
⻰˵ģҲ̫˵ɣڵȫȨΣô˵εĻأ
ӷȴûиǾޱǷĻᣬ˵ҽǸǣⳡ˾춨ӮҲѾ˰ǶعĻƱףشһսΪǹҵӢ۰ɡ
˵꣬ӷֱ뿪ǾޱһƵҪҲû˳ӷ⻰ʲô˼
䣬ͿӮ˾⻰ǲ̫Ц˵㣡
ӣǱָˣλϣǿҪ̵ľóôһԲ䡣
ʵҶ˵ˣô죬л
иոտ̵ʱѷǱߣѾʼжˣ˵ϣǾѾʼжˡ
ѷۼҵϵоӢԱеĸ̣ԺķʽǼԼߣҴӦֻҪȫԼڽʮ֮ڣҪʲô⣬Լȫ֧ǡ
Ҫ֪ѷŷ˵ֻҪܵõϵ֧֣ǾһǮ׬ЩˣνǼթޱȣһļ̣Ͳȥںģ棬ǲһдҪõĶԣҲû˻ɵܾѷˡ
ǣѷû˵ҪǽеĲʲô⣬ЩνĸҲȥʣǰٷ֮ٵѷѷҲǱ֤һÿһˣֵһһ׬ĵǮǹʮġ
Ϊѷ̳ϵĴңʹеƷڶ̶һСʱ֮ڣȫһļ۸еĳУڵ֪Ϣ̲ĽеƷ˼۸
ͬʱ¥ǱߣҲѷʱѷߵжʯ͵ļ۸񣬸ĸңҪ¥Ǳ߽ʯͣΪ۸ŵɫࡣ
ʱ䣬Ĺдңģŷйң÷棬ȫ⣬Сʱȫ磬еĹңʱģھϣȫ⡣
һ棬ľزǰ㣬ӵӷĵ绰ʱһ㣬ٿһŷᣬʮּ򵥣ҲʹϢţʽǨƻй
ؼʱ̣ȫ򾭼ôʱžȻѡʱع˵ʲôɵ϶ĵͦйģֻҪŻصййľãͲκ⣬Ŷţ͵ڶţ˭йľôҡ
ܶһ֪ⳡȫԵĽΣǳҵλ̳˸ģΪ˴ӮձȻɳ飬ŴʱعҲ֤һˣȴһˣҶԳҷѣκһҲ϶ԸңΪҪģ뾡һа취ⳡΣֹͣܰ쵽ˣֻзⳡΣĻˡ


1115 
ܴһʢ٣ⳡʹ˾ˣǸԵĹҶǾص㲻ǵһѽΣҲǰ֮ڡ
°ԳϯģϹ쵼ﶼڳ°ȻҪЩ׽飬ʲôġ
ڵڶõĹ˾ʼ֮ǰͳ°üҵĴϹ쵼ȫۼ˹ʷͥڵһͻڳÿһ˵ɫҪѿжѿڶͬǵģĵеͷˡ
ⳡʹ˾ЩˣԭûκεĹϵйձĴҲڳǸͲҪΪⳡ˾ģӮҲйձ飬ҪģֻǾһеƽ֤
ϣʱڹʲôƽҲûй֤Ҳֻ˿ģ˭ﶼйձڸСһЩֶΡ
ձ飬ڳÿһﶼҲһЩڰվձǱߵģ֪ձΪǲ˵һ仰ǵȥЭձ
й棬ڳ˱ΪйģֻӦձһֶΣȴ벻һΣйֶҲ̫˵ɣΪӮⳡ˾һһеĵزһȫԵĽΣⳡȫԵĽΣĿǰǸոտʼû޷ʰĵزһֵλŲ˭ǾԿƲסģȫҵʱ򣬱˵һţȫҵ֣ƶ̫ã
ڳÿһڶ룬ⳡȫԵĽΣȫ汬֮ǰ뾡һа취ȥֹҪֹⳡΣڳ˶֪Ƕһ飬һǶΪ飬һҪֱӣԵĵһҵ飬һʲôڳÿһˣһҵĵһ쵼ˣǵġ
°£Ƕ飬˵˵Ŀɣ˵ڶù˾ûʼ֮ǰǴҶһ£û棬ܽⳡΣֹ
˵ڳ˼һ¸ûʲôǽ˵ģƫƫ£ǻˣ
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λҵ뷨Ƹҵ뷨һġֻҪܽⳡΣֹͣҿ԰й뷨ȥ
Ϲ˵ˣձ˵ͺܲƽˣ
ƽʻ㣬̫ݳޣǶκˣκһ˵̫ݳޡ
̾˿˵ҿǵȵڶõĹ˾֮ɡϾһõĹ˾йģû֪йΪʲôҪⳡΣйأȻйõһù˾ˣҲ˵˴Ϣʱ䣬Ҳ˵һεľɡ
˵ǱߣѾŷᣬؼʱ̣ŵܲǨƻйһٶһۣ֪ʲô⻹ӦйǾ仰ѽҲҲ
Ĵű˿ֻһйŮûκ֮ͬ£Ҳûκ֮£˽
°ȫйŮʵʲôˡ
ţ
ҲװʲôأһֱӵԼݡ
ڳ˶û뵽ŵܲã֮ǰԼЩ˶ɳҪȥӽȴûгɹĻᶼûУǣλŵܲãȻڽ֣һոտŷ֮󣬳ⲻǰ˸߰°ˣʲô
ԭǳСܣҵȻʧԶӭѽ
Ϲļϼһ˵ĺǿ᲻֪ڳÿһˣ޲óԼ
λÿֹطҴӲмģ첻ѽ
ûλ£ڳҲվ
°ʵ֪ܲкμ̣
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໥һۣӷԼˣһոոһôĽΣھˣԼ˵ɵˣʲô˼ĺץ
һĹ򣬻߽һй꣬ϴ̫ͨ°һ˭ţľλصĳӣģҲ̫˰ɡ
ӷ籾ǲЩ˽ӴģڲֶˣΪвǣҲֻһˣǻ治֪ȥԼ
λҽһ¡Ҵ磬Ҽ̳ˣζ³ӷ硣
ӷһ˫Ϭ۾ڳÿһɨһۣȻߵһɳǰɳÿģԱߵһɳ
ȼһ֧̣ԹԵĳҲٲȥڳκһˣӷͺҸطϢһ£ϢˣƵġ
°໥һۣ˭Ҳץסλӵģ˭Ҳ֪ʲôܹвԼ˵ģҪԼ˹ձվйǱߣɼȻˣΪʲôһ仰˵ʲô˼ѵҪԼɣ


1116 Ϊ
°ںͷʹΪʲôΪʲôڳˣȫһ˵ܲҲʮʱ䣬˵ܴЩ˵ģҲλͳˣ
һ񣬰°ܲͷʹ
ûʮľ˵ʵǹײСѽҲ˵ΪǰλӣԼһıˡ˭֪ʮǰΪλӴز۵ϢҸԼҾͲᷭҲйǨƵԼŵܲһֱйĻǽйѾԽˣ
°֪ԼĿƼ෽ķչܴﵽɼĹʵ̫󣬵ڣΪһ˾Ҫǰйȥңλӻһеĸ˳ȫԵĽΣ飬Ҳֻǳҵ˲Ÿĳ
첻ѱϵĹãѻ˵óӿĵĻλǾƲֵģžۣȫˣֻΪԼһôԣҪȥɳӻһʱΪʲô²ʲôƨⳡΣֹͣ
°̾˿ߵӷǰ˵£ǳҵļ̳ˣ
ⲻ֪𣬵Ͼͳ˼ҵͬӷ粻Ϊ仰㲻ôѵɱλͳͲǸձ˾ˣƻҪ򳡹˾
ͷӷֳһ²ؼ߸߹ӡ
ӿһλ붼벻֣ǲʲôǿ԰ģ
ӷû˵һԱߵĳ˼˵дҵĴ˵ɡĻСĵ˵һˣҾȽľø̱ˣǶ˵Ҳû̫ʧˣˣ͸ձһţӲձ⡣
˵ҴĿģžͲö˵ˡҴֻλʲô뷨ĻҲ˵
㿪Цɣ뷨ڳ˵뷨Ų˭ֻҪ˵뷨ǵĹңǵһҪùġ
°˵ӣС㡣Ƕ֪Ŀģ£ҲΪѽʵҲ֪йձ֮⣬˵˵Ļֻ˵ǵ˽⣬һ˽⣬ȴҪǣȫеĹң⣬ǲе̫ˣ
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ӷ绹ûн⻰ϣ⻰Ҳʲôػֻ°ĹΪȫһ°ˡ
˵°ͳû˼ʲôǣȫйңʲôϵ
ûϵװˡ
Ŷˣ°ͳ˵ģɣȷⳡȫԵĽΣȷҲû뵽ġ˵ô˵ͷأһϢûõҲûʲôϵˣŽ֮ھҪعˣŻعֻ֮Ҫ֤ǹҵľȶҵ飬Ҳûʲôϵ
°ڵͷʹˣûϵй֮⣬ȫйҵľöףԺëɡ
С㣬룬²ǹϵĹңйŶţһҵľòȶţôң⣿
ӷ˵ˡ
үү³λӸ֮ҾûҪˡǳʮ⣬үүҸ׶һӵ⣬˵ʵ̫ۡҳӷǸɢ˵ˣҪһӵʱȥ⣬ҪȥҵļӰˣһӣǲˡ
ӣ⻰ʲô˼
Ҳûʲô˼ҾǴ㣬Ȼع֮ǰֱӰŸǲɢˣе̵ʱڣⳡȫԵĽΣδױ֮ǰһֽȻأҾйңһӣʲôʲô
ǲɢţЦɿˣŵܲǨƻйЩֹ˾ÿһңҲǾصѽÿһ˵ץס˾õһͻȻʧˣ˵޷ⳡΣټһͣ
ϹǱߵʵ̲סˣ˵ӣ㵽ôֱ˵仰ɡΣˣ
λҪ˵𣿡
ӷһʣϹ˵ϼһҪӷ罻侢ˣڱ˸ֹסˣ
Ȼǰ°ͳǸ˵ϹΪҿûʱ˷ѣҪȥţŻعء
°˵ӣºǧ̫嶯˶ûôġ
Ҳܣ˵ûκιϵֻҪ֤ǹҲҾͿˣС£һǰĵġ
ðɣܳӿʲôȫӦǡӿЩ޹֮˵ķϣ̡
°˵óӷֹͣⳡΣһ룬Ҳû֤˵ⳡΣǳӷѽ֤ݣֱ˵
ӶһŵĲⳡȫԵĽΣȶȻҲܳƽϢֻҪȶ֮飬ǸԵĹԼɡ
㻹Ǹˣ˵ʵȻⳡΣҷģҪҳƽϢҪõĲɲСѽģֻȶܲƽϢԼҵ鷳ԼȥȻǰᣬҪ鷳ǴӦҵҪ󣬷һ̸ˡ
йձĵڶù˾ϾҪʼˣڶõĹ˾Ҳ̫ãҸӲ̫áһСʱʱ䣬Ҫⳡ˾׽ˣǺԸ
ڳˣ˵Ǵ˰Ĺң˵һ㣬ҲǴȫµ˰ɣӷģɾвȫ£˵ǽȫµ˶ӣӷƿ֮ˣÿô߾ôߣ붪ͶһУӷ˵㡣


1117 
ʷ֮ͥϣ˫Ѿ˰ȻΪˣͣڽ죬ôǾޱҲԼκεĴӷܹ˵ʲôƻŲǾޱʦˣҪɱԼù˾ҲضҪ
ͥϵպѹ֣ڱ绤ʦǷٸţеġڡһ˫ӣ˫ʦ绤ʦ֮Ӧ
ٸ£йձָأһΪʱ̫ãǸû㹻֤ݣһЩϾɵĶó֤ݣձǺܲƽġ
ձı绤ʦһָйóһЩ֤ݣ˵ǺϵƬһЩ㲻֤ݵĶǲм˵йʷͥɵˣЩĶ˵֤ݣձǲҲα㶫˵йձҲйһɱҲδ̫Ц˵ɣ
ٸ£ձйϾµȫ֪ģձй˱ʱʵѪծйôҲδձôǲңйԷɵֶ׻ظΪձеֻͬعйĳֵ׼ÿһ֤ݸ֤˶оݿɲģͲձ
ЦһЩӶƬһЩ֪ڳãϵ·߲֤ˣ͵ƾ⼸㣬ͽձϹʷͥĻйǲǰѹʷ̫ɶϷˣ
ձ绤ʦΪӮһҲǾޱϻˣһͲҪĹ˾Ӳ˷̫ʱ䡣
ձ绤ʦ˵ٸ£Ϊй֤ݲԣձҪǳձĿظ档ͬʱһû飬йձձڹϵѾ˾޴𺦣ԣձᱣйȨ뷨ٸµձ
̨ϵĹʴͥеһЩϣҲҡͷͬʱҲҡͷ
Щ˵ı֣ڳÿһй˶ейߣҲڵģձĻһΪöԽӰ죬Ǿޱǣһ˸ϵġ
Ƶ㾭үӴ쵽죬ˣҲйôģ죬ֱձı绤ʦ˵йܸձ
үӣûʲôϣˣ
̾˿ͬΪйˣ˭Ӯⳡ˾ʵԶʵձֶλ湻ġ
Ƶ㾭Ц黹ûǸز
үѵǹһзΪʤĻ𣿡
˵Ҳ˵ߵķûпʼ
үǿȥˣؼȥϵ顣ľö⣬ҵСǱߡ
İɣЩѾҪȥˣܴõġ
ʱ򣬷˵ͥСʱСʱ֮ټ
Ǿޱʦŵɫ൱ѿûнԼߵκ֤ݣձǱȴҪⳡ˾ʱͥСʱԣҪ֮顣
֮ͥЩû뿪ҵĴʦȴȳȥˣͬʱٸţҲ뿪˷ͥ
ڹʷٵİ칫ڣȫ
λⳡ˾ҲøûȥıҪˡй֤ݣʵ̫ΣձҪⳡ˾ҪȥĻֻ˷ʱ䣬ԣλ˼
ٸһ˾нӴ̸𣬺ܰɣ
ЩŵԱͥȴһҲɻ䣬Ҳͬⷨٵ˼ⳡ˾ʵûҪȥˡ
ȻˣǾͰձҪ󣬳ⳡûĹ˾ɣйҲòʲô֤ݣһЩƬ·߲йͷ޷ΪձС
Щһ֮󣬾ʹֱⳡ˾ĽǸ칫ҵŴ˿ֻͬʵŮ˽
ٸŵԱ໥һۣһ¶˲ı飬Щˣôʱȫܹˣ
λһǳش¼ҪǴһ¡
°ͳ£ҪⳡûĹ˾£ǵǽⳡ˾˵ɡ
Ҫ˵ģҲⳡ˾顣
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ʮӣٰ칫ڵŴգչһԲйܻƵġ
Сʱ֮󣬹˾ʼ
ձı绤ʦ˵ٸ£ٴδձҪй泷ձĿظ档
ǸˣڹʷͥϣȴӢġ
绤ʦ˵ʦó֤ݲ㣬ҿЩ֤ݣָͦԵġ˵ƬѾܾˣڵĿƼ˵ҪαƬȵһ£ûġ
ٵ仰˵ڣͥڵˣȫסˡ
ձı绤ʦɫҲǼΪѿϽ˵ٸ¡
ȻطѾó֤ݣǾͲܵʲôûѾ˽֤ȥαˣֻҪ֤֤ݲйαģǱ绤ʦղҪ޷ܵġ
ڵĻƫйղŻֱҡͷϢ˰Сʱ̬ͱˣձı绤ʦ֪鲻һСʱ֮ڷʲôԼ֪顣
Ȼٶ˵ˣձı绤ʦҲܵڸٶŸѽǲɵ
ǾޱߵɫȴҲ룬⵽ôһ£Ϊʲôٸŵ̬ȣᷢһٰʮȵת䡣
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˵߿Ƽ⣬йṩ֤ȫģƬҲѾָ
Ǿޱ̷ԵҿĻ
һŲҲ̶õƬһĻϳ֣ˣȫܶŮˣŵȥһۡ
ãöѽȫǴһĿڳģЩΧкܶձӵñӣӵ
ٸ£Щṩ֤ݣϻĺüԸй֤ԣձйϾµУǰٷ֮ٵʵ뷨ٸ£λţձǵձеЩͬһ
Ǿޱ˵ӣĲҪԼʲôˣһ˸ʷͥʩѹ
ձ绤ʦ˵ٸ£ղӡȵȼĿڹͲ˵ʲôԡ
һ¡
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ٸ£ǺĴͬʱҲ԰й֤
˴Լʮ꣬ͣ޷йκε֤
ŶǾλɡ
ٸ£˸Ͳй֤ϣչʷûʸ֤
˵Ȼ֤վŹ֤ԭһҪ֤ġ
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Ƶ㾭Ǳߣʵүô£⣬񲻷Ϲѽ
ô£ĻʣһĳѾչжڣڳÿһҴ縺ŷǳѹҪǳ˵仰ͿԾǵĹңѾǱˡ
ѵǡ
һЦкϷˣ
λ֤ˣģһҽܡ
߰շ˵һһˡ
ձ绤ʦʵλղ˵֤ʣʲô֤
ϻȻ֤ձйµˡ
˵Ǹʱûɡ
ûүүˣҸҲˣǶ֤
Ǿүү㸸׳֤ɡ
ձ绤ʦҲȥѽȻٵ̬ת䣬ǾֻܿԼˡ
ǶѾˣҲейϾɱƬھṩ
ҲƬ
ֹλУǳҲС
ɣʣһй֤Ҳ̫Ϊ˰ɣ
ٸ£̩ĴΪйҲԶԣ̩Ҳ԰й֤
ٸ£ԽĴԽҲ԰й֤
ձ绤ʦһ»ˣʲô⼸ҵĴղŻϷôһ
ձ绤ʦʣǺʲԽѾƽһŵʹɣȫձˣѾģһǰɣ
ٸ£Ӣ¹˹ĴҲԡ
ձı绤ʦҪˣ˵ˣǶүòãˣձŮˣAV࣬Ҫ٣ˣ˽͸ǣǾкã۸һССձˣЩòձˣ
ٸ£ǷޣĴҲ԰й֤
ٸǡĳĳĴҲ԰й֤֤ձ
ʷͥһʱ䣬ȫһȫǰй֤ģձı绤ʦһɣȫ磬йҵĴվˣ
ʲôѽбҪձҲûѽǴձûձ£ձ鷳ˣ


1118 ͥ
˵վҪ֤ĸ֮⣬ˣǾޱЩʦڣȫɵۡ
˭Ҳû뵽ᷢչۿⳡ˾ҪΪ֤ݲĹϵˣǾޱҲʮֵģһٸŶⳡ˾Ϊ֤ݲĹϵ޷ĻǾޱôعȫй񽻴
û뵽Сʱ֮ڣǷٸŵ̬תˣڳÿһҵĴȫվҪй֤˵ʲôôҼһ𣬵綼ձⳡ˾һ֤ݶûУձҲض䣬㷨ٲ䣬ҲģΪȫ䣬Ƕձɾ̫ˣ
ںܶ˿ʵ̫ˣֲܷ£ȴƫƫˣⲻΣĵӰǰٷ֮ٵʵ
ձı绤ʦ˿̻˵𣬱˵ڳСǼѾֳŵɫ࣬ҲѾ˵绰ձߵλʣõǣһУ˳Ÿ˼ɡ
Ϊ飬Ȼ֪ʾ飬ƴһ̣Ҳġڣʵ˼ˣ䣬֮⣬ҲûѡΪձǱҲѾŸľ޴ѹȫеĹңеѾձʵĵ绰ˣ˵Ķͬһ£ձ䣬ЩҿɾҪˣձĻǣͽһдֱۣɳӣձҲǾпܵġ
ҪΪһͷ쵼ˣֲܻһҰйʲô˵ڿȫеĹȫڰйԼձô
ձʹд޵ĳ嶯û취˭ձȫǮĹأ˭ձȫǿĹأǵĻǾԵֵסεȫԽΣǵĻͲȥηκһˣеĹüҳܰ쵽飬ͬ԰쵽
ձѾչ˽飬ҪԽΣ֮⣬Ҫһ£˾֮ԼձҪôййֽôĲӦûձܲܣϾôй˵Ͼɱһγ裬йܻ׷Źձ
ʷͥڣմ绰Сʵô˵
̾˿˵ɣǣѾˣйֻĳ˶ѡ
û뵽ӷȻݶ˵زȻľԸǡӣǳ֮⣬Ǳˡ
ɲһ
ͻȻһɭСǵСɸͬʱתһ֮ˣȻľء
ľ֮ǰûڹʷͥһҲ֪ʲôʱðġĳ֣С־壬ɱ˲գ۵ļһԼ׶ɱļһԼ䵽Уǿɱⳡ˾Ҫѽ
СɵԺѾһǳֶĵĻ棬ϰٵοձˣͬʱԼܡҪ뷨ֻձAVŻ֣ľأͿʱֱֳ
Сɸɫһ࣬һףԳӷֶΣû˿أб绤ʦʱȴϣľؾȻͻȻ֡
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С໥һۣȫ£ֻгӷһˣſľΪУͬԼձܸӷоģҲľһˡѵľжԸӷķⳡ˾ΪʤķɾУձǱܵѹҪô
˵ɫѿҲ벻ͨӣľЦ³ҿǵġ
ľأΪƾһ֮ˡ֪ӷ緢ȫΣΪģȫձѵǮȳӷ绹Ҫ࣬ԽⳡȫԵĽΣƽȫٸձʩѹˣ
ľ˵ǮȻûӷ࣬Ķһеġ
ĿǰǮ֮⣬ʲôˡ
ȻˣֻҪǴӦһ£ҾͿ԰ǡ
СʵҪǴӦʲô
ȡӷĺӽһҵİȫ
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Сɣˡ
ڹܲôˡӷϾǸйˣľؾٲãҲձˣѵձҪԶй˵𡣡
Ǳߡ
ֻҪܽⳡΣӮⳡ˾Ҳһͬġ
ͬƨľصĻǾձڱסˣҲһûн
Ҳͬ⣬£ԲЭھȥ򷨹˵ձ䡣
Ҫ壬ȴһҲˣ
Сɴ󾪣ӣľѾɱңʷͥϣһһĶͷϣѪ
ľأ㡭
˵ôϻȻһҲܲȫ
ľؽ׼õһڲͷϣΪڵķ̫ͥңҲûע⵽ߡ
ʲôӮ
ܼ򵥡
ľվλʵڱǸ˵仰𣿡
ľصǳ󣬴ּҵĳȫֹͣ
ͥϵˣȫת˵ձˡ
ľصɫЦ˵ʵڲ˼ΪǸձˣΪձˣȻ뿴ձⳡ˾ԣйӮ
⻰˵̫ЦˣˣȫЦ
СǲɵģûڵһߵѵձȫΪвɣ
һձȻҸȫΪУľأȴҡ
ľأ
һߵƵ㾭֣ҲȻ˵ãҪ£
үձɽľأ
ûڱôˣ̣˭Ҳ߲ˣ
СƨؼҿձAVȥɣﶪˡ
ǣ㵱˭ˣȻҲ˵Ļ㻹浱ǡ
飡
ͥĴűը˿һըȫסˡ
ͬʱ֧ì˽ȡ˸ղ˵˵
ì˵ʹֱӵ˵ϣû˼ǵģǵһҵĴˣ
ľЦȻйӮձҲӮˣôڳˣͶˣȫ°ɡ
ԭľزձ˾ģҲû취Ӯⳡ˾ȴܽⷨͥڵˣȫɱ⡣

ŮŮȫ
ɱˡ
־Уÿһ˵
Ͻץ
飬飬顣
ͥǹӵľء
ľһ֣ӵȫ˻ȥһһغ
Ƶ㾭ǲϵһ壬̫ˣ֪ͨɣ˵߳ˣӷ
ֻгӷ磬ֵܵסľء
ǣү


1119 ˹
Ȼ˸ڹʷͥɱˣͥɱһͻ䣬ʹķͥڵˣȫŮŮٵļʱ
ǾޱЩʦ˿̸ձı绤ʦͬı飬ŵɫ࣬ΪڷͥϣڹǲģΪûκĵ˸ڹʷͥԾȫš
ڣľؼȻҪڷͥϴɱ䣬ĺڹǣѾ˸Ͳܽ뷨ͥ벽
ţиĴȫܣѾֳˣǲţԷὫνķɷҲͲˡ
һӵĳſȥҲͬʱĹرر֮ǰˣ룬ȳ嵽ſڵˣȫɱˣʮˣҲֻգۼ顣
Щڹޱ飬˫ۣҲһжûУʲôˣ˵ǲˣѾˡ
ϣıˣ֮ǰǼӢڵǼ֮⣬컹ıʢ٣
Ƶ㾭˵ƼҵļϾҲǸͨˣǸѮˣɱɱĳǼˣֳ棬ͷһؼԷɱ˵ģֱɱģһڼʮǰϾɱĹ˾û뵽չ˾ĹʷͥϣҪһɱ
Ƶ㾭ģǾϵ̣̽ӷйľˣȫ£Ҳгӷ磬Կˡ
ǣľ֪Ƶ㾭ڳһ֪ʱѾƵ㾭ǰƵ㾭·ңһƽһҪ绰ıڱ
үӣһѽ
ľЦӷЦһһƣ˵ĴЦݡ
һڼүΣգһʱ嵽үǰүߡ

顣
ľھ̧֮䣬ҪƵ㾭ıҲѾ˵ϣڳûκһˣľس֣̫죬绹Ҫ졣
ľأ֪ʲô
Ƶ㾭ôһͣѾ֮ˣľص
ҵȻ֪Լʲô֮ǰҲѾ˵ˣⳡ˾йӮȻձҲӮˣǾһݣȫɱ⡣
ɱˣձ䡣
ֻҪʷͥûУձͲ䡣
ˣһԼĸ׸ֵܶɱˣôܻΪⳡ˾
ŶүΪʲôأ
㲢ǲйӮֻǲŮӮˣйձʲô㣬ֻҪǶкô飬˵߱ɱˣǽձ˸ɱҲգһ۾ġ
үӹȻ˼ȫˡ֪Щʲôãһˣ֪ٶ࣬Ҳûκεˡ
ľأ浱ܵѵΪһɱŮͬǸҪ󡣡
˵ûĿǰҸӷʵ˵Ҫ£ʵȷҪҴһ㡣ҪֹңҪɱңҲҪ˲ѽ
ʲô˼
õʲôˣ·ϣȻˣλŮġ
ľ⻰Ƶ㾭￪ʼ
ӣľΣбġ
Ƽҡ
С㣬ʷͥǱ߳ˡ
ֽס𣬾ľؽƵ㾭ڸɱˣʷͥڷô£֪ܲˣϢܿʹƼҡ
ڰζԸؼ飬һ˵Ļһʵʲô£
˽ʷͥ˵滹ǹӦˡ
ãүүϹȥ
С㣬ھ޷ʷͥĴŰ벽ڣʷͥΧļֵû˽ȥ
ôѵǡ
һֲõԤУóֻӷĵ绰
ӷ磬ʲôطͥǱߡ
֪ͥˣľؽ첻֪ǲǳԴҩһֱɱ˽ȥϸϹȥֹǡ
㶯Ҫ죬үүҲء
ʲôүүôڹʷͥϣ
ǿ˾ôˣϹȥľһ֪үүݣʱ֮ǲ˺үүģһ˶ˣүүͻΣա
õģѾ·ˣľҲɵӣô춯үүġ
Ҷϵ绰ӷŲӿ죬Ҫ̵ʱڸϵʷͥӰѾƮһ˴֮һôȥ

ৡ
ͻأһ󾢷糯ӷ˹漴һڳӷĶ
ӷ絥һӣΧһ⽫ȫΧ֮ϣϡȻӷƳˣͬʱҲѾʧˣ
ӷ绹Ǵ⣬û뵽ԷһͿԽԼĻƳɼԷʵԼ֮¡
Ʒʲôˣ
Էľظ죬ӲǸʵΪƷľ磬ûƷʵ͸ˣаѱԼУһٸӣҲġ
ȻǼˣ˭Ϊ𾳽磿𻹸ԼһƷλϣ
˿̣ӷԺУͻȻֳһ֣һ˰ص֣һֻȴ˵֣
˹


1120 ɵŮ
ΧĿʼۣһɹɽֱӷѹӷʱڵ֮Դɢһ룬Դֵסǿơ
ȻѾˣǾͱҹģٲҿûʱ˷ѡ
ӷӰһϿգǿƣҲڳӷͬʱʧΡ
˵ļƷľ磬ӷҲ֪Է߼ԴȻȻľظ֪ԼԴǿûһ׼ĻǼԼͬҲضԼԴ֮¡
һͬǿ˵ӷ粻ϣҪĻҲ˿ֻڹʷͥǱƽţľͻȻôһףҲڴʲôע⣬ӷǲƵ㾭µģ
ԶһӰƿն̤ÿһżصɱ䣬ʹĴ˵ȫҲɢǿҵĽ⣡
ݶΪأӷݣ˹ļһǲСӡ
ʵΪһŮ˻ʢ٣ľصؽԸԼġ
ӷ˫۳׹⣬ҪԼ·ǾҪûǸˣ
ڶԷڳӷУóӷԷò֮һ̣ӷ绹ǳԾѽ
һˣɫƤɫͷɫӣΣȴӷеǽȻͬ
ûпǣûı飬෴ǽۣ˳ԣû⣬ǸˣǸŮˣ
ӷ컹Ǵ۾û뵽Ǵ˵е˹̳ˣǸҪѾµȻǸŮˣ
һɫƤ¿㣬һ˫ɫĳЬӣ˫֮⣬˵Ůȫ£Ϊɫϣɢһֺرζζ˵һζζȴúܶ˾Уһŵʱͻ磡
ӣϣźŨķζƫƫôɺϣӷʲôУƫƫӣеĺܡ
Ƿ
Ů˽ӷʱӷ˺ü磬ζʵóӷܲˣӷֲòǿס
ǸŮˣ㣬˹ĳԱ֮⣬ֻľǼ֪ˣ˶ΪǸˣģ֣û˻ǸŮˣ
˵ǰ۷еŮֽ˳һ˵ĻڣˣңΪڳ֮ϣӷͬһҲľĸΪߵģʹĳӷеơ
˵ȻľǵһʶǱ֮˵ģľƼģľصΪӦĸߵһŶѽڣΪʲôΪߵģӷ벻ͨ⵽ľصܣǱ֮˹Ϊ֮
û˵һ仰һ˫ɫӣĶųӷ磬ֻҪӷƶͻͬһʱ佫˫תȥ
˵ҧ˵ĹǴеģⲢеĹͲҧˡľǼҧ˻ֻ˵ҧɱľ׶ˡ
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ӷֱˣҲ˷ʱ䣬һսǱⲻˣȻⲻˣǾͿ㶯ְɡ
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Щ鼮أȫ磬ط˹ַȫǺĵϣ˹ǰһȣһ壬㣬û
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ӷеͷʹôˣԼⲻ˵˼Ҿ·ģ㻹˼ҵһСʱ㵱˼ɵˡ
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ӷתû뵽ǰһֻһź٣˳ӷǰһŽɫĺ١
٣һӣһŹȴ˷·֮С
ȫĳӷ᲻֪һָŵһַǳ١ϣ񻰹У٣ϲͬʱҲԽΨһ
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1121 ĲѪ
ӷ˵ľزûжƵ㾭ӽڣҲѾʮˣɱҵĴ֮ͥ⣬ûж֡
ľߣͥĴţѾֺ˸סˣ˭Ҳ뿪
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˭Ҳ벻ڻ˸վ˵ң˻ǸŮˡ
룬ⳡ˾ͲôˣҶѾۿЩձ˵Ϊʷͥ϶ɱˣǵձййϾµУǰٷ֮ٵʵˡ
˵ǾޱŮ治֪ǲ̬ϳʲô⣬ųģû֪ȷǸ˵
ɵʱ򣬹˾ӮڷٸţڳĴѾҪˣЩԼȽҪһ㣬ҪԼ˰ձӮйĻһԺļʮûǮĿӣ٣Լš
ľ˵ҲûˣһģرͨˡˣͬģرͨˣرЩĴѹǽͷݣûⳡȫԵĽΣ˵ⳡΣձģһձķԸȥ¡
Сڱ˵ʣЩô˵һ仰ôҰйĶԸձ
ǾޱΪⳡ˾ʦȻľ˵˹˾飬ǾҪҲҪվ˵
վʦĽǶ˵ֻҪӮ˾᲻һдۣܶʦ˾֤
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ȴɣҶѾһûԹˣеȥԵ㶫ٻŶ
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ӷҲǿЦһҸɵԸԼһбѽ
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ľظͬʱ˶ԼؿڣǱģ


1122 µԴ
үүﲻ̫ʺǸһ뿪ɡ
ӷЦľο汻ĲѽΪ˸ʵԼԿȴϣƷʵҲиԼһսʵǣȴǸɵ椣ʵ̣պ෴
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һӵʱ䣬ͥھֻʣ³ӷˣȻľظһףǾǳԲˣߡ
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ӷ磬ϻ˵ΪԴѵǾͲ𡣵죬һ֡
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ܲԴܿϧȳ̶ȵκá
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֮ͥϣͻȻһƣ֮ڣһ׵γɵĴӣӷ
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һһʩչԴĺܣһʩչԭʼȴԵĺܣϳ֣˵ӷʵе
Ǳ֮ǵԴ򵥣ƷľʩչȻóӷƷǿЩĳܲԴ򣬽Կģɾֵӷˣ

ӷһ֮֮ƣֱӽ紸ƽˣͬʱľصЩȴᣬֱӷҪ

鲼ڷͥÿһ䣬ⷨͥһԭʼɭֵĳ
ӷͬʱȴϣ֮ϣһСӣһֺɫҺ壬СҿٵγһĶֶһĺ֨֨
ӷ˫۳ΧȥﲢҲһƵĴСȴǳ࣬ÿðʮֻһҲǧֻˣǾ֩һڲͬĵطһ˫˨ɫ۾ȫųӷ硣
Դ˵ģôܻ˵ЧԴͳĹ壬ȻһһֻҲ̫˷ѽ˰ɣ
Դ𣿲ԴģͲԴ˵ӦһָԴ


1123 ţŰ
֮ͥ⣬ѾӸΧô飬߲ʲôձΪѾ˸ĵߣ
ձǳңǲûκʸвǣľȴˣˣȳӷĸӵԣڹʷͥɱˣֶΣ̫޴
ȻľزںһУΪԼҪõģԽձˣԣûʲôҲҵģеģֻԼѡ
ڽӵ̵ĵ绰ȫϵ˹ʷͥſڣڣȴû˽ȥΪ赲ҲΪ赲ѾûˣȴһЩֵĺɫסˣǰŻǺţǴȫͽȥ
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Ƶ㾭δ꣬ͼһɫƤµŮˣһ߳޻ǣ߳߹ΧЩ죬Ҫȥֹȴץ˰ѿƵģߵ

Ƶ㾭תͷ˵Ҳȫ˹ȥ

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ƴţ˵ҵɵϣΪҲ֪ڴʲôע⣬ȥֹòɣһûǱأ
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˼ֻʶĶ
ѽˣţҵȫˡ
ƴţڷ֮ͥⱻŰڷ֮ͥڣһҵĴս


1124 ڰԴ
ͥѾױΪһС͵ԭʼɭ֣ľʩչԴԴͳʷͥΧκһ䣬Ѿǽˣȫţϣ컨ϣҲһġ
ӷ縡ڷͥİУЩԼ»е㷢ëΪľصԴ̫ǿ󣬶Щ˾öģǳӣһѪ
⣬Χųӷ磬ֺȴǳӷɢģЩɢġ
ľֻиɢһڹ⣬ֺڹЩɫһģǳڣ˵Ǽˣ˺֮⣬κεɫ
Աߵĵͬ˫ɢâľɢɫͬһֻɫͬʱʩչԴҲѾľصԴڳӷϷһƬɫǿҵ׵磬׵ٵγһѰѵĴӣҪӷ
ûɵ椸ǲõļһƾԸСҲǴ´ˡ
ſԣ֮ƷļһԸӷƷǿߣе˵Ρ
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ӷԴǿ󣬴Żص˸е־壬Բ˷
ľظԴóӷезˡ
⵽ôһ£ΪʲôΪԴȴȫͬĸо
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ӷ磬ǲǾúܳԾ⣿ΪʲôǵԴģһ
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һǲ棬ԭ˵ԴһģֻҪԴߣ֮ԴͿԷӳκһԴΪʲôǵԴҵĸоҵԴͬ
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𣬼Ȼ˵Ǿ֮ܣЩĴǲǿ԰ҽ⿪еʣ
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˵˵ôϻʲôСһˣʲô
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˶٣ľ˵ΪһԴߣҲѾƷľ磬߳һȴԴΪֶ֪Ǹѽ
ӷЦԴͬɲܹԼѽҲû˸߹ԼѽƲ񷶦ڵԴȫͬһ͵ģľǵԴӦ˵ǸǱ֮˵Դպòһѡ
ԴΪԴڰԴ֣ԴߣҲΪԴ߸ڰԴߣԴȦڰȴǶĴڣΪ˵ʲͬѡ·֮·ͬˡ磬ڰԴ߾ͱȽˣΪϵͲʺߺڰԴ·һ˺ڰԴߣǱض磬һȫµĵ·ġ
û뵽ԴΪ֣ԴߣͬΪ֡ѪǣԴߣǶĴڣԴȦҲûνа֣֮еģֻʵĸߵͰˣ˭ʵߣ˭һ˭ʵ˭аһôȻͬģǿǷϲаһ棬а񣬾ΪǿĴڡ
ɲôǹԴ߻ǺڰԴߣΪԴߣ·ֻΪʵĲͬĲͬѡˣ
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òϣľظʩչĺڰԴʵóӷеԾǳԾѣΪʲôΪǰûмҲ֪
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ܺãǾҼʶһ£ǵνڰԴʲôһĵطڰԴߣԴߣʲôͬĵط
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ߣοûôסľأҽȲ㣬죬ϣǷԼҵģǷйģ죬Ϣ
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ľǲָʵˣҲµĻԼɾͲҪ¾սˣԣΪԼľǲᶪµ첻ܵġ
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ɵˣɽڣûա죬һˣպһ㱨ġ
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1125 Ϊ
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ΪԴͿԸӷԿҪȥηӷԴˣڰԴԴĶԼڵ缸ûеĺڰԴռ˰ɣȴϣĽһġ
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߳ʷͥʱӷеԾ࣬ȴûһͥģΨ
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1126 ֮
ϣΰĹڣ֪߳˶λ񣬴ӹҲȨȨ֤֮ء
һ˴ȨƵĵطԭӦϵģκµģ죬֮ڣȴҵĲҽ
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ÿһ䣬ЩˣȻһƨҷš
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ڵԶʱڵѾһˣȨƶ˵͸ǵʵһǳҪûǾͲܵ˵Ĺ

׵̾˿˵㲻һֱ֪ΪʲôͻȻ뿪𡣱ڿԸ㣬ûл硣
ŶǺںδǲҪ죿ʵ
Щ໥һۣÿһһ鶼ѹ֣ɵûпľأȴĺ
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ĿǰҲ̫Էһͨ쳹صƱ仯Ϊʱ䣬ͿԽҵȫѹסҵֵĻᶼûС
׵˵⻰ȻǴ󻰣ΪʱԳӷĽԪʱֵûУǳֵĻᣡܶԼӣ⻰Բ˵
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ǻǵλǿ˵ÿһ仰һ仰ǣǷ˳ӷ飬ԣ˭ǲ򣬺Ը


1127 ľصļ
Щλǿ˵ĻͬʱľҲˣϴѷУӷ˵һЩ
ѵΪ̵ģǳ𣿡
仰ڵʱľܺЦ̵ģ˳֮⣬ѵб𣡾㻹һۣǾ͸㲻ʲôˣ뵱ɱ磬ǼȻȥļ壬ӣȥǸļһֱ̫ЦˣҲڴӵĶ⣬˳ȥЦģӣǳҡľظ죬裬ʶ˳ӷͻȻʧ񼼣Ϣʧľؾ͸ӿԿ϶ӷһдǵõʲôԼ֪ĺö̵ģ֮⣬ǼöôʲôöҲ۵ġ
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ɵϣǴ㣬ǲòϡΪǼȻ֪ǿǵȴڲ׳֣ΪʲôôɣԼҪӷʱˣңԼո½ʱ͸Լһ
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1128 Ҵû
⼸ӷһֱŻƴţǼϰǳԷͣͻͣÿҹҲԵĻƴţǼʼθˡ
Ȼģ޷ĵŮˣҲǸӷһ𣬻˵ڸͲҪӷˣֱӾͲ˳ӷ磡
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ƴţһڲ˳̫۸˰ɣ˵С㣬㲻ѽǰ챻ŰڸңûʣһΪҳ粻µΪǴģɱңǴģ
ӷɫ΢䣬ֻǿһȻЦӣ㲻Ҫˣɡ˼ҲҪͿԵ⾳磬ҹţԴȣOKˡҪǣֺܱôģѽ


1129 ˷
ʲôطưɣʵǴͬСģΨͬһ㣬ÿһطķײһˡ
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ӷ罫ƺ꣬һĵȻһж̫ӣҲֻܴϣһȱˣ


1130 ̽
ÿڳɳĹУܻСС鷳ҲССķգ㣬ԹŲĶɣҲ˵˵һֹɡ
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һڵõӵеһ֮󣬰˵ӦǵΪԻ͵ʱ̣Ҳûٸ֮⣬¾ôܶΪӷѾߵ۷壬ȴϣֻֻǳӷһʼѡ
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ƴţЦ˿ԼЩˣ˵װƵģȫɣ


1131 ݸĽܣȻ
ѵȫ˿ȻҪ̽ɵǼɵǽܷʲô£Ƕֵġ
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˹ˣл԰һŮˣ˹ȴȿл԰ص̫࣬СǸŮһ˵л԰һŮ˵Ȩ֮أ˹ͱȿл԰й֮޲ˣϾл԰ΪŮ˵ĵطһļ̳ˣȴˣ˹ԴǵĴ˵֮󣬾һֱŮ˼̳У˵˹һ˶ûУҲκһ˽˹򣬾н޴촦
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һʣĳӷǶû뵽һйĳ֣ҪⳡϷƣɻҲֹܳѽ
ǣԼҪǣ
СӣʲôȻҡ

С컰δֻ꣬йɫһ䣬ͬʱļڴ˳ȥһȭߣСȫ˵ϡ
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¥ϵĻ컨֣˫ϣ´һ£˵ѵȻ
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1132 иӢҪ
Լһǰйôһ仰˫𣬲ݸĽܡ⼸ˣȫйһеٮٮߣҲһеĴһ֮ڣ˫𣬲ڣݸĽܣһ˼һƽƣȴǷâ¶ΪٱᵽֵһֱûôڹڣǸĳЩţ֯ϵ
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ǣ컨ᲢûϺڵ֮·ҲµŽ컨ˣкܶΪ컨ֻǸ峯ʱڵ䴫ţûһ֯Ĵڣ֯峯ʱȴǰٷ֮ٵĴڣңǬ¡䣬һ帴֯
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ڳ¼һʱ䣬Ȼ֪ԭ⻧ճµ˼ңǼڼҵģֻмŵĻԺĳӣǸЩŵĻԺģרЩԺԡ
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ӷԶ¥ʹһɫ֪ӷҪԼ˴飬ȥһȻ
ֻû֪ӷڴʲôע⣬ôӢ۾ļһ


1133 ҹ̸
ڶûӦվصмǾþ÷
һδй˰ԼΧȻԼͲҪæǰˡ⼸ԼԺֵĳӷ磬ȴ˵ղЩСŵģ⵽ôһѽ
̼УԷ˵ûˣʱҲˣؾƵɡ
סƼңһӷ簲˾ƵסˣȴͬһҾƵ꣬ӷҲŮ˴ʲôʶϾһȴͬΪʹߣȻǾķ˲ĵλһˣľظӷ˼£ӷҪһˡ
ղŵôһŶ
һʣǶ֪ôشֻװһʲô֪ӡ
Ҳֵ֪طҲ̫ˣ飬ӷȥɡ
ǸˣŶ
ģӷзִġ
ɳӷ˵Щ鷳Ŷ
ƴţһ䡰Ŷͷɣߣûڣ
˵֣ڶѾûˣ㲻ߵĻǿɾͲˡ
ҹŶ
ӣе
ƴţûˤѽ㵽жܳԣ
Ǹ˲ӢŶҲŮŶ
ͻȻһ仰⣬ӣʲôûң仰û˿ĻǸ˵ģûκεĽ˵ģȴһַǳرζǲмν̬
ӢۣҲŮǽ˵һôĻ
磬ȥɡ
ƴţȫˣˡ
㻹ᳪ裿
һᵯŶĵطӦٰɡ
õٰɣٲߣӸƴ㡣
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ʵйĹ٣
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˭ģ
ŶСͽŶ
ûʲô
廨ŶܶܶŶ
廨
ƴţ˷ĵزⶼʲôʲôѽ٣廨йŴЩŮòãô˵ҲǸ֣ôĸЩѽ
ЩڻƴţûʲôԾģ̸ѣȴеĲζ
ʵó˽ٸ廨֮⣬ʲô
һŶҲ֪ʲôһһȥģм䣬һС䡣
˼һ£һһȥм仹һС䣿
ʵǶɽɣ
Ƕɽ裬ӦǶʫ
ʲôʫ˹˻ʫ
ְɣҲ֣ģǳԾء
ɣǲ뵽ʲô
أ
ѿЦһû˵˳ưȥ
ӷȻѾľưɺԶˣȻļһֱţһҲԶ롣
һУȻı˵ûǵˣȻؾƵɡ
ϰ塭
õģҲµġ
Ϊ£ϰĻң⼸ڶǺ컨ĳԱȻҲʱˣ˵˽ȻȻ˵ڵһܰĵΣҲȫ
߳ӣȴûлؾƵ꣬ϾϰİȫΪҪ˵Ȼı£һ£ҲȲˣΪһõӦϰ飬ﲻæҲߵ̫Զ
˼Ǽ¾̫ˡ
ڰڣȻ
νģֻΪѵʱѧĵûɲ
ȴ֪ҵ±ҵˣϻ治ࡣ
ò֪ߵغ㣬һҲΪ
Ŷ˵˵ʲôˣǱң
ӷЦһ˵ϣ硣
磿ʶ
ֹʶ֮⣬һʶ̨ŷ
ŷѾʧˡ
Ϣġ
ʲô㵽ʲôˣ
˵ϰ壬Ųţ
ϰ壿
Ȼڹڣڹڵ飬ġ
֮䣬ڵ˰ռ̽类ϴ´ӱϿ޳ɸ࣬Ȼô벻ƾ޳ɸʵǾ԰첻ģǵһһȻĴڣ
˵Ǳߣ̽磬ڵϵ޳ߵĺܽ統ʱ֮λΪҵ˵Ǽ˸ˡ磬Ҳһ˽ģĸ˵ǾԲڵϵʣһеĺڵϴ󡣡
ӣ֪Ļ治١Ҳûʱ䣬ȻѾıڸˣǾͽȥ˵ɡ
޳Ϻڵһţ˽֪ţǶ֯Ҳ˵޳ǶҵƲ⣬֮ҵ磬˶ϵĵλҲǽ˺ڵϵ˶ϴ֮ΪΪĹϵƽƵģȻ޳ɵܣҲ˵米ϰ壬Ƕλصľ
ӷ˵ͷ
Ҫղ˵ϰ壬ǲ͵ֱӸֻ벻ǣؾȻôһλ꣬治֪ڹڣôչġ
Щ㲻Ҫ֪Ҫ֪ģΪʲô㡣
ӣ֮ǰ飬һϵûУû´ĻңΪҵıڸС˵һ仰

ңԸؼ壿
Ȼڸؼ⣬ֲԴֵǾͽһɣҲҿ㵽ж͡
ƾʲô
ƾӦ˵컨ᣬ˵ڿʼֻҪһ仰ˣ㣬ڣͳͳҪ

ȻЦһ˵йǵǺ컨ôϽеȫ˳й֮ңԸңԸǺ컨ᣬͲܣĵĻǾͲýһؼˡ
ˣһҽˡ
ӷ仰Ȼǲˬʲô˼ѽɵˣѾµǶͷ㻹ʲôҽܡ
ɳӷûȻ˵ʵҸһݸұҪңǸ¶Сڹ¶ԺģΪиĸµһ¶ԺҲ֪ҵıճ
ճ¶
Ȼɫ䣬޳ɵ鶼֪Ƕڹ⼸飬Ҳ֪һġ
ճ
ô𣿡
û⣬ֻǲ֪ţʲôϵ
ţҲûʲô̫ĹϵǺͿģŵĶ³ѡ
ȻЦһ̾˿˵ӣҲӦ㶼ˣ
ÿһ˵·Լȥѡ񣬵ѡ·վһߣһǳصˣһûߺãûѡãǾͻۺܶˡȻǸˣôߣôѡͲ˰ɣ
ô
ȥһ˿ؼɣǣȻ˸ϵġ
˵꣬ӷûٷϻתߡ


1134 Ҽбľ
ձйĵһ쿪ʼעǰߣȻйҲıͬҲӾᣬ⽨йò˵ǵȱΪǴһƬɽӣǵѪǵгᡣ
ձǷйģʵ̫࣬һˣѾһ룬٣һ£й˶ģ²Ǹ̵Ҳ֪һϾɱı˶˵ˣƻ˶ٵļͥ˶ٳߣ
ڷУȻҪ÷ƵķȥĳЩ飬һζɱ¾ֽй˵Ǽ¡Ȼÿһйˣű𣬶ɱձձˣйȴΪĳޣδĴǰ;йҪλ۷壬Ҫ̵̣Ժȫ죬ձ֮գǸʱ򣬾˰㣬αô˵˾ʹˣҪĶԷ֮ûС
쵼˵ĻɲǱô򵥣ӵһλ쵼˵ڣ˵̫࣬٣һ쵼ˣѾձⳡ˾ձˣ˵ôĲ޷йΪһ㲹ͱ˳𣬵ֻҪǲˣй㹻ʸǣձıߣһģձµ
йá
ģȫλģ˾Ӷߵ쵼֮⣬Ǽߣ̨ļߣǸӣԽϯйʤҲȫ֤ڽйķչʲô棬Ჽ۷壬һȫµĸ߶ȡ
⣬δйӮձʦţǾޱȻеһӱϿӮⳡ˾ǾޱĹģڳǾޱȴܲ
ԼĹͣӲҪԼͷѹǱˣ˻һôıˣȫ磬ǰ;Ҳѽ
ǾޱںЩںģֻӮ˾ڹ˾ӮˣӮģȴԼ
֮ǰԽͽӼʦţͬʱҲΪЩѵʦõİţǵļˣõõչˣûİŹйİλߣһ룬ӦõģǵˣġͬʱЩѵʦҲȫ˱ɽ⿴е۴ˣӢУûᵽ˱ɽȴʸʲôȫǹҵӢۡ
⣬ǾޱҪϯļ䣬ĹУǾޱǱߵһһʮ˵һ飬û˿Ҳ
ԽȴʲôҲû˵ʱҲֻ˵һ仰ĺܺá
Ǿޱ֪Խ仰ʲô˼ĺܺãԼģʵڲѽΪӷ磬˵Ӯⳡ˾Լˣûعˡ
ΪӷĸףԽܻὫ͸ԼĶǲܵģ±˵ģǳӷΪʵԽﲻ̫ܡ
ΪֻͬһΪйֻһûֶ̫ң˵ȫ˵δȡⳡ˾ʤһʱľһûƺãɾʹˡ
ڣձ֮ǳȫԵĽΣҲŸѹûֵ̫Խŷ
չȫ쵼ᣬֱֳģΪʲôҪֳձҪôй
׳ͬ־ҾãǲӦģǹңҪձձҪģֻһһ
ĳϣЩˣ˵һһ˵ǾҪܵձȥһɱˣǽû˵£һΪ֮ԲһΪ֮
״뷨ȻԷɵֶӮⳡ˾ǾӦðշɵĳ֮顣ձǷйģҪҪӱĻôϣܿ
ԽôȴΪԼԽڳκһˣͬʱԽǹҵһ׳Ϊ룬κ飬ҪԹҵδΪ
ȻҪȻС׳ͬ־ҽ飬ձձй⣬ȫǣзЩңڿʼйУձ뽫гļƻƣ͸й
ţ鲻ձЩǹҲ׬˲٣Ҳ׬ˣӾϿǣձ
׳ͬ־ǹкܶѧձѧҵΪ£ձǹҵѧʲôõ飬ԣ飬ҪձõԴйѧκһѧһձ⣬ȫձͷϡ
ţҲϾѧҵΪأģҪãΪйЩѧձܵκ˺㣬ձ
׳ͬ־ҽ飬ڽʮ֮ڣձ룬Ҫʮ֮йֹǮȫϾɱѵļ
ԣձ
׳ͬ־

һĽ飬飬ҪֻҪǲӰ쵽йδķչԽȫͬˣҲһһִУձ棬ҲӦΪǻȫѹձʻϵڳ壬ľѾǸձձˣڹҷͥ飬ձ޹ء
һһȥģֻҪǼ£ȫ˳веͨ͵ǳһɣ
Ǿޱ˶еûȥϵκһ仰һˣǸȻǳӷ硣
ʱģǾޱ̧ͷһԽ죬λ׳ѽ̨ãΪҰһô飡
ǣһλĺ쵼ôһµĶأ
֣ǾޱļӷȥձĴ棬ձļ˳ӷ͸èƵģʵ벻ͨѽ
Ǿޱֱ뵽Խ칫ҡ
칫ڣԽżϣСʱͣ
СޣΪ֮ǰҪΪ׼û˵ڣ˵˵뷨ɣʲô
ϯʵҡ
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ϯҲ˼ңҡ
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û˸˵ѵҲ
Ǽһˣ˵ҶӰɣ˹ؼʱ̣Լȡ˵Ǹøװɣ˹ؼʱ̣ǾԵҶӡʵҼҶбľңҲһһУˣҲһӶһɷһҶӡ
ɵйˣʵں˿͸ҲΪʲôӷԭɡ
ˡ
Ҵˣ
Ǿޱһ˼ûУ뵽ʲô˵ʲôҲ룬Լڸ˭˵˵ģĶӡ
ҶӣСûߣӲЩӵһС竲
ߣѵڹⳤģ
ڣ¶Ժģ

ǾޱһеͿҼ̳ˣСڹ¶ԺҲ̫˰ɣ
˵һ仰˵һκܹѪڡ꣬ҸСʱͱ˸͵ˣʮǶΪͲˣȴ뵽Ϊһεɺϣҵ
ȷܹѪѪڴ
Ǿޱ֪Ϊʲôóӷ˵˿͸
¶ԺʮҶƶ࣬ʹвõ飬ȫһϡȴѧԨ黭ͨĸ׵Ŀ佱ԼĶӣ·йŪѧûܵϾѧʱһ֮սŴѧԷϵģٵģȫû⣬һƽƵġ
˵ģһǰϾѧŴѧǳѧ
ǵġ
ϾѧĴһĸ߿״Ԫǡ˵أôһʱô죬ԭ
Ůףĸףӣȴ׵꣬һģһԣһˣκ˶ֹǻûҵ֪֮ǰѾϾչĺţȫ󣬲ţһ㣬룬Ǹ͵УӦûڶ˰ĵˡ
Ľ
ȷҲΪеĶӣĸ׵Ļͼʲôѽһ飬ҷֽ֣ѾΪҵĸΪ¡̫ݣ
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ǾޱȫļƤˣû뵽ӷ磬ȻһôݵˣѹձĴôˣ
һеǮеȨ£µǣǸ˵ǮȨģ˷ָǾһԵΣ
˵ǳһ˲һô
һеȷֹҶһǰ⼸ҲǳӵܣҲͷԣڣ㻹ûǵ飿
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㣬ҹͷģ
үӵͷ
ǵġ㻹Ӧ˵žۣôһ˵̳ˣΪҪһûѡкõļ̳ˣǳңͽ䣬ϢǰҸͲͬҶȥӹܳңһ˶¹ͷļ壬ҶӽǸ壬ܶ飬Ͳܰõˡ̳ͬǸ壬ǼϵĵӣҲͲһܿˣս벻ϵĳɳɳǵ³Ǳ˳ԵǸɵйˣҲţëСޣ㣬һļ壬ΪԱΪ˱ߵˣ㣬ֻô
ǾޱѾԽ컰е˼ˡȻļ壬̫࣬Ҳ̫ۣ𿴱⣬ڷıҪŶѹмܳѹԼԳܲ𣬿ɳӷ磬ȴڳţ
ڣѾȥ˵ˣʲôԼɣֻϣƽƽġڣɷѾˣҹҲѾڰˣ˵ңţҶֶβһ㣬ٵģͽϾּ飬Ѿܹܵ˵ˣ
Ǿޱ̾˿˵ϯԲҲӦġ
ûҲûһձֻǿӰˣôھôڣûҪʱ򣬾ͻᶪ
ʲô˼
ʮǰйһˣձչһɱ£֪ѾձϢͬڶʮǰйҲչһɱģȫǶǸˣͬйˡ
Щ£Ǿޱ֪ҲףԽΪʲôҪ˵Щ顣
ɱ˺ܶ𣿡
ܶࡣ
ǹҵǳأ
ĸ࣬ʮǰȫһ쵼ˣȫˣǣ˵Ѫɺӡ
ʲôˣԲңҲӦʵģ
һҶӵ°ܽҲǶʮǰձɱ֮ˡһҵɷ򣡡
ǾޱͷȻԸӣţѽ
Сޣ˵Щֻ֪ܶ飬ܶˣܹģЩ˼ϵĵ̫أصĻἸûˡ飬֪Щ뷨ҲϣΪ£Իǰ;
ӣԽѾǾޱҪʦģԲŻ˵ЩģҪΪӷĹϵʲôӰԼһľԣӷ飬˵һǾޱκˣҪȥܣ
ллϯˣҲȥǼˡʵӷҲǸˣϣһƽɣ


1135 ѹ
ձ֮ӵȫձȨ⼸ѾܵǰδеѹҵʣձľѣѾʹձ޿ȵĵزܶҶѺùϵܶĿϵĺͷȫΪһգȥļҲȥ޻أǸձһȫĴ
ʣѾϢǾǹҵкƻȫȡ⣬Ҫ⳥ǵʧ
ʢ٣Ȼб飬ڣһŮʰ칫ңѾǷշǳ˵ʧʲôʧʧǹʲôϵ
ʣ°˵ʷͥ٣ˣȻǼǵǵͷϡңʱˣˣҲҪǵǵͷϡ
˸£ľ飬ôȫǵǵͷҲѾ˵ľѾձ𣬰°Ҫ⳥ӦȥľزŶԣ
̾˿˭ֻ֪˵˵ѣܽľظձĻλҲᱻľѹƣʲô鶼ҪСģ±ľطҪйĳ˺Ըľأȶձķչ
ʣΣĻᶼûˣľصʱձɱˣٵĹʷͥɱ˺ܶҵĴЩҵŶǵ鷳أ
˸£ǵĳӷ磬ΪĻҲᷢôص飡
治֪λʵŭľأճӷ磬ǸձĿǰ״һҲûѽ
֡
칫ϵĵ绰绰ҲҽˣΪҪҲ֪ĳҵĵһ쵼˴ģΪʲôҪԼձһ֮⣬Ҫ⳥һ
绰ˤ˵ϣʴ̫ЩһҲ̫ˡ
̫ʸʱ۸ձģûأ
̾˿˵ʵֵ鶼ˣɲҪΪձĹϵԼһ˸ǣ˽ȥЩɳʱԼҪһдġ
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ڸ˵ʲôˣӹһţҲʵ̫˰ɣĲ˵ʮ֮ڣҪԼձٷ֮ʮľ룬ʲô𡣶ңձҵĺҲȫԵֹͣһĺǹϵձڵľ÷չˣڣձľõֱӵ꣬йĲձʵڶס
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ѽֱһ㷴ضûУҪԣǵʱձģɾͲһйˣȫеĹңվйǱߣһձ
ձŶˣôһСѣǼĵǲ
ӣǳ˴Ӧй֮⣬Ѿûİ취ˡңйҪӦҵҪʲôǾ͵ĸʲôУ
ʱձνһͿѽֻ벻ǣǰܵôҵģȻһձˣһǵĺ飡
ʣʱӷ統ʲô𣿡
Ȼôľɱټձ˭ܵסȫ£˳ӷ֮⣬˭ľضԿ
ǣǽɺ飬һѽ
㲻õģӷôһˣֻҪǲǲǵĺġ̰ļһǲܷǵĻġйʮҪٷ֮ʮľ룬ӷ磬Ҳһû٣һЩܲ˵ҪҲ˵Ҫ׼ģʮڰٷ֮ʮľ룬Ҫ׼ٷ֮ʮҪųӷǣ
ʱ򣬰칫һ˳˽ææʣˣˣ
ڻʲô±ǰԵĻҪ󣿡
ȺھۼҪҪ
Ҫô
Ҫλ
ʲô
ȫĴѹйʨӴ󿪿ڣڣԼҵ񣬶ʱԼԡλֻĿȻһʹһѪ˳εڵء


1136 渴
ؼ塣
ϿؿѾϣȴֵ֪ʱո뿪ؼ󣬾ѾӷɱˣϿػڽĵϣǱɸǰԸ
ôΣ⣬ҪģǮҪ׬ģϿڵȴϣǱɸͬʱڸȻ̸⡣
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룬֮Ӧòκˡ׼˵ĻʱԽӽ˹
컨ܹ㣬мĹģͬʱҲвܼģ𣬾еһ
컨䲻ǻڵģȴܶҵĺڵϵڵ⣬ȻЩʲô𣬶Ʒ֮ģ
ȻǱѾźˣǾ˹ɡڼ۸棬̸̸ܲϾļ۸񣬱ԭҪ߳һ롣
Ӧ֪ڷֵܽðķҲǰҪߵĶࡣǺ컨䲻Ǹǿؼͬһ͵Ĵڣ֮ȴˮϵ˭벻˭ڽõĻｻԷͬʱǣҲҪ֤Լİȫ룬һзκ⣬ǶԼ𣬾Բ۵ǵĺģȴᰲȫ͵㣬ҲӦ֪
ȻȻ֪Ȼ۸ϲټˣҲǱʾǾͰ˵ɡ
ǺãҾȸˣ𽫻һ֮˵
һڣǲ̫˵㡣㿴ܲǰ죿
Ȼһ£˵ҲҪ졣
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ȻҪ뿪Ͽʵһ£һһ㡣
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ѵ֪Щʲô
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1137 ˹֮
ҹĻʢٽҲ˵ǻʢ֮ĳľؾվһʯŵмλãСеˮˮ˿̵ľԵļįǳ˫Уɢǿҵɱ⣡
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ҲѾ֤ʵʵ˵Щˣ˹̳ˣΪļ̳ˣľأңľݣҲܱκ֪
˹֮һôĽɫô꣬Ϊģľ˵ĸҪʲôľ˵ĳ˲ǳңΪʲôҪϳӷأһеյףֽʲô
Ϊĸ֮·мҹ鲻ãϲãȻѾӣҾ͸ɴཫɰɡ¸µ۷֮սѾźһУøʵһ㣬ϴͱҷˡ
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ѽ˵ǳˣŮ֪ѽʲôˣʲôط˵Ϊ˹֮ŮԼĸ׵òҲ
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1138 ʱѡصҶ
Ƶ㾭鷿ںűͷʮֻ꣬عйʮΣÿһλعȵСƣڱͷƵ㾭˵жӡ
ԼľƺúѽߵľƣһζûУӱ˵ܺˡ
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1139 ֮·
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1140 
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ѸͬһϣƴţǻƼҵҲȫΧǻʢΪһ֣ͬʱҲֳһ֡ǰƼģһǰȴؼռ졣
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1141 Χ
Ƶ㾭һ˵ǰжˣһؼΧӷһ˹ˡ
ϵѾˣʢپҲѾָΪǴƴҲɵʱȥȻȫڶսǲ˭˭Ӯھ˵Ǵĺ£ǾûҪȥƻˣʰ̯Ӿͺá
ʵһ㣬һҶһģνӢ¸̽ЩֻڵӰŻ֣ҶΪ˻ڷԣһȶĹбҪȥƴ
ӷƵ㾭˰ϻſڣΧ˵ˣƼҵģǿؼģڣѾûٶˡ
أ
Ƶ㾭һƼҳԱʵ
үСֱɱ˰ϻ㣬Ҳû
һɱ˽ȥѾͷҲ̫ˣ
һˣдСЩѸļλȫɱ˽ȥ
ӷɫ䣬˵ţپҲɱ˽ȥ
ǵģӡ
ȥԼˣ
һСʱˡ
ⲻѽԴţǵʵǺֵͲܽȥôõġѵؼǱѾɳ˸֣
ûиǲ֪ɴС֮ʮӣͳ˼ǴδһˣЩӦþǳ˵ĸְɡ
ϣû뵽ʱͳˡ
Ƶ㾭˵׼ȳһ
үүҪ£ûô򵥡
ô˵
ϣǱߵĸˣҲдţǶţеǿǲģΪʲôƼҵҲô࣡
ӷƼһԱʵԷĻô
ǿ
ǿһôĵز
Ǹؼ彻ô꣬ΣǿһΡСǸͲҪĶԷĻһֲӣԷĻǿ˼ʮͲֵܵסġֵ˵ԷҲûմôٴȥĻܵģһǡ
ӷƵ㾭໥һۣڿؼ飬Ƶ㾭Ҳŵģ֪ӷ綯ֽźûôġ
ڣ˾Ȼ˵ؼĻǰδеǿ˵ʲô
ӷ磬ӣʧˣ
Ƶ㾭̾˿ЦһҲ˵ʲôʧֵʱ
ӷҲǿЦһ˵ӣλǱˣ
ʱ򣬰ϻ߳һˣһ꣬һй꣡
ӣû뵽Ľɣ
ӷҡҡͷ˵һ벻ȻǺ컨˵ѡ
û취ѽ˭пؼѾʶļءǸˣؼ㹻ĺôұ֤ᱣǺ컨ȫģԣûɲѽ
й꣬ȻȻ
ӷΪú컨˵вȻͻԼ顣û뵽һǸαӣ˵ĺؼᱣǺ컨ȫɳӷ᲻֪һΪԼû컨˵һ¡Ҳ컨ܶλӣҲģ
Ȼ֪㷸һĴΪ󣬽ᵼǰˣһµ
ӿɱңȻҲǱŵġܻ뿪Ļٿǻ᲻
˼ѾûǸʸˣûֻˡ
䣬ӷһȻȥ
ס
Ȼߺߺˣؼȫӷ˹ɲǵӽӷ磬ӷһӰ㣬һĴȥһĿȻ
Ȼ˲˫ۣһĻ̫˼ˣСӵ׻ǲˣô൶ôӵȻı߶
ˣҰΧ
Ȼһ亹Ѿʪ͸·ٵܽ˰ϻ㡣
Ƽ˺ֵǣɱȥȳС㡣
Ƶ㾭ֹˣˣȫɢ
ʲôү
ö˵ȫǾ죬ǵֵѾ˹ˣκһˡսֵ̧ߣû˵ֵܣ˵ֵȥԼҽԺơ
ȻӷѾ˰ϻ㣬ǾͲΣգ㣬Ƶ㾭ǾԷĵġ
ڰϻڣˣȫΧ˭ûне£ǱΧţ¹˭֣һ
ƴţһָȺ֮ŭѾֹӵ
ԷйɻƴţֲӢ⽻ǷѾ
Ⱥ֮ϿصĶӣҲλ˱ؾջĿү
һ˵ʲôƨ
үǽȥ
ëɣⶼʲôˣ浥Ϸ

ЦһȻӢʵλС磬ɼǵô
үۿȥʱؾջʱݿˣҲΪϵӰԸȥǸˣںôһʣүɫס
㣬ô㣿
С磬ûǰ
һ񺮣˵ⶼʲôʱˣСӾͱˡ
˼Ҿζһ
ɱȥζ
үָźʵô
С磬ҵʱѵûйأȻǰƼһǿؼġ
ʲôǶˣ
ûˣ
ˣȸǻ쵰
ǣү
پٸ˵ϻĸǡɱ


1142 һ
˻ΪɻʲôûǮûŮˣһУǣţӵ磬ҲҪ뾡һа취ȥҵһҪĵĽãܵɹӮ̡ʲôǲ˼룬ģᱻ´ݲеǸʱ򣬱˵Ǿ޴ΣһСС鷳£ˡ
پֻڵ˵ǸˣȫڵҲԲֹͣþһеֶΣԼһǿǿٴγʱܽκһ˴򵽡
֮꣬ڣپ˿˵̥ǣɲڹڵĵλôжߣ˳ֵʱҪģеһС
ǵǰ꣬ӷһپһ׵Ǵľۻʾܱ֮߱ʽپǼδֹͣ߱񵶷Խ˵ǱˣԼҲǱסģ
ϻھۼģȫǿؼҲֶεÿһˣ޲ƼҵȻȻǲµġ
ʵҲ֣Գӷ˵Բֽģ⣬ƫƫֳˣѵУʲôӷ綼ûԤϵ
ȻǲֳӷģҪֵĻֻܹԼԼһʱĳ嶯Ҳ̫С˵ˣŻĽ³һԼƼҵ˲أԼЩѣȴҪܵԼǣ
ԱߣüϣˣǱߺžƣ֮ǰ֣ڣѾûҪٳˡ
ЩϣļһͻȻ֣ǾƲᱻڴ˵ģңЩϣ˵ʵеĻҪˣȴܽԼʮȫɼϣǱߣӦʾ
Ϊ֣ܶͨͥӵеĵֻв˵ģپеĵȴѪģɱ˵ġ
һӣپʹ˻֮ʱ䣬ͽĸؼļһ￳ڵأֱӶ
ƴţڵĴӿʼڣûֹͣų˸ڵһս֮⣬ٵΣġÿһ˵ﶼǳֻҪǼϣڣԼҪɱȥƲ̫ܣɲôҪɱܲԴаɣ
ʱȻ˽ܻߺˣˡ
үɳվ֪Ȼʲô˵ģǸ컨ԼֵûȣȻҲһǹϵģүȻҲǼʶ
ôһݽɫţ˵һݽɫʲô£˵ľˣˣڵľƣѾԼƿصУƼǱһɱϣĸڳ٣Ҫ٣ˣϻһʬɽ
ʲô
ȻܵүǰŴһָֻſڣ˵
ʲôˣɱ˵֮⣬ûˡ
ǣǣǳӷ硭
ӷ磡
ү´ʵĸӷ磿
ǣҵĳӷ硣
ⲻܣӷôܻ
ǣһģ
һģЦˣЩСɫӷôܻһ
һЦһ˵˵ѵү֪ӷ磬ƼҵŮ𣿡
ĳ֣پͬʱ˿˵ĳ֣ʱһ㣬治֪ᷢʲô¡
Ϊؼļ̳ˣҲ˵ļ֮һЩӸȦ᲻֪ӷʲôˣҪ֪ȫĹȦ˭Ȼλҵļ̳ˡ
үʵȥͽһλҼ̳ˣֻϧԼûǸʸ񣬾Լؼļ֮һɸҲС׼ף˼ĻὫһؼ壬һֵѽһ仰ƿؼ壬Ҫ׳Ϊʷˡ
ʵүͲ֪Ȼ֮ǰӷǶΣϿʶƵģҲûӡϿүǸ͵ӵܣ˳Ժ֮⣬ʲôᣬϿزûû뵽һսӮĳЩ˵ƿصС
ʶȴûʸʶˣȻˣүһ˷ܵӷ磬ǳӣ
ӷûûõĶˣӲֵóӷɱ򣬵캣ͲǱСջôˡ
үӷʾãȴȻסˣ˵үӷǵģһġ
ϻʲôѵҲ֪ƼҵŮ𡣿һ¹һ£¶ԳӿǾĺѽڼˣǼ˵ѽÿȫÿʲôһǰɣ˭ҵӵ·ѽ
˵Ļһ㶼û˭ҵӷ·˭ɱ˭
ϣһѾ˿үǰһ˵үˣΣա
Σգôأǡ
֪˭ӷ磬۵Ķӡ
ӷ翴һϣˣЦӦ˵ۣǳӷĸײŶԣ仰Ǻˣ´˵ǵСûˡŶˣǺѾû˵ˡ
ӷ磬ؼƼһսƼѾˣѵ㻹һȲɣ
⻰˵ĺ֣սûôˡңǿڱǸΧˣҵţҵֵܽãԴҵˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ү˵ӣеᡣǿؼֻǡ
죬˵ķݡ
ӷɫͻȻһתһһڳ˵ͷһѣΡ
̫ǿһ𣬻ᱻɵġ
ϣһ̽ԵȫڳЩͨˣȫ˫۷ڡ
ڳӷֻһǶܲˡ
پǳİһŵӣ˵ɡ

Ǿйɿүȴֵ֪˼û취Ͽظֵ߲˵̫ˡңپǶүҲ֪ģٱҲܲµʲô
ӣѵǶǸؾ
پ˵ҾѾ˵ʸ˵
㡭
ˣһѣûҪϻپǼϣļһ£ô
ǡ
پǰʵǾ˵仰ʱ򣬾͵ʣô
ӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
پ˵ȻŵıǮΪʲôͲš
ѽŵıǮΪʲôšѵֻϣ𣬱˾Ͳˡûǰǵȷ޼ɵţɽʱͬˣϣλ̳ˣӷһֻֻ֣ϣļСආѣȻ˵ӷš
پȻ˵ţʹңһǿɡ


1143 ɱ
ղپôˣ޷ϣһռ˿ˣΧƾԼЩ˵ɱȥĿܼûСڣӷȴپһ㣬νһʲô˼پ˵Ҳǳ
ûһǿĺܣֻɵϣŻţӷżǿĺܣ˳֮⣬ΪǿĻǲ񷶦Գӷоŵʱͬģپ˳ӷǿĺܣܲ
ǰһپڸûȥԼİȫԼСϣĸֻ᲻ܵ˺СסɽµĲӣȴ˵أ˵˵ģͲҪٽϣĸַˡ
үҲڷӦ˹˰죬ԭӣйĴʼˣղź˵ҲǶģǳӷϴˣ֮Ǽ£ǳӷµǳӷ⺦Լģ
ܵô裬ôʹ࣬ͬɱ˸ĸ㣬𣬿˵ƺܳӷôԺգүҲͲסˡ
ӷ磬ԭ㣬ԭ֮ǰǼ£һֲ߻ġ
үںǳ嶯нӷ˵ĳ嶯֪ӷϣֶղһҲԼûιȥԼܶԸ˵ġ
еϣΪԼϣȫϣֵϣүŭλһҪɱǣȫɱ⣬һҲ
ϣļһүֱǸɵ壬ղŻͽ˼ң֪˼ǺĻԭ׾ɱ˼ңҲ룬ɱ˵ĻԼ˻Ҫκεԥɱ˵ĻԼϣ㳲Ҳ̫˰ɡ
پĲƽϣĸҲʼǿ֪Ǳ˭ϵģԼϣЩΪʲôٳûӷ緢ѣһвΪҵǿ󣬶Ϊӷ籾ı̬
һӷ綯ǽʲôϣļһûǵʵ͸ӲҸӷ綯ˣ
ؼսƼңΪϿؽһжѾźˣ֪ӷ粻Լ˲Żܹһģȴϣ󣬳ӷ绹ǳˡ
ʵԴӵ챻һֻ֮󣬳ӷϣУͬһجΰĴڣÿһ˶ڵģλ᲻ԼȥԸӷ磬ǿ춼Ը˵ѽԼЩȥˣʲôֱ
ʵϣڣǱߵĸָҲѾ쵽ˣΪĳǳ۷֮ս󣬻Ϊµѧľһ˵˺ܶĻʹǱߵȫŭˣƱҪɱӷ죬ʲôҲҵģο˵½ϣˣһʹսɡ
ЩӷĿǰ֪ЩһＴԼѶѣͲ֪ԼѾΪеıɱֻҪһҵᣬһССĻᣬǶġ
ˣֵز治֪һһֱ£˻񣬶ɱ㣬ӣǱ컹ѽ
ӷɱˣѵôһСɫǻ÷ˡ
ϣһｫһᣬ˾𣬷֮ǰҲѾ뵽һˣֻȺܶˣԼҼ汳ġ
ϣһڵ뷨ȿүӵ棬Ȼپӷ綯ֵģôӷôʲô
Щһ̫ףҳ֣ҵ´һ£Ҳǿˡ
Ȼ䣬һǿҰϻ㣬ÿһˣоһǵصϻڲЩƸӣеӸӣɳȫеĲȫΪ𶯣һѺۡ
پоǵصȫΧԼҰϻеĲһ١
ɱ
ӷһ˵ڣҲû˿ϣһַǳƽĻͺñȽӵһİ˵ĵ绰˵һƽ
ɾƽ֣ϣһȴɱڣԼ˵壬һҲˡ
پȻЩǿҲپĶսȳһϣ˹ȥһִǿ
پսϣֻĿپսԼԼȴʲôˣ޷֮£ǿʲôáͺñһ˷ڴϣȨٴ󣬲ٴ󣬱Ҫʱɱ㣬㻹ôֻǾĶˡ
ʵģپĵֱӾһϣ˵Ĳϣ֮ǿУһǿһֻৡһһûͷ壬ζ£ֱӵأһͷ­˿үȻǰŵ亹ֱ


1144 Ҳһ
̵һĻЩĺڵˣֶµĸо
ò˵پɱȷһ֣ܴеȥɱĻˡ
ӷЦһ˵پɱ˲Ҫ̫ˣеʱһ㡣
ˣɱˣᣬⶼʲôʲôѽؼЩȫȥʱ˭ǰ
ϣʣµĸһҲɵۣҲ֪ͬپɱ֣ǳӷ硣ǳӷͷųǿѹסԼˣͬʱΧپʹĵ̼Ļͨĵͨǵǿڲ˵ҲǺ˵ģ
̫Ǹˣ˲ѽ絽ôˣΪʲôôأ
ϣĸһﶼҪܵĳ嶯ڵ͸ǸղһҪɱһѪ·ֻԶˡ
һ治֪ôŽɱˡ
Ǿúʾһ°ɡ
پ˵˳ӷߣǰսĻţԴŮˣɶԴˣȻеִġ
ڣģ˵ڶϣǰͬʱղǿٳ֡
ԱȽַڵڶϣ˵ؿϣһĿӣѪؿڴǺٶȣپǰ㣬һȥ벻Ѫ֮Ȫӿ
ڶϣ˸оԼؿڷǳʹֺԾܸоʹͺñҽڸ˶㣬ĽӸֻҽĲǴģϸһٵӣҲκεֱڶϣˣȴԼȫѣȫûõؿڱ˸һĿӣʹǿߣʥǿ߶ܲסѽ˵Ǽ۷徳綼û
ջصתͷЦַɣ
ӷ˵ͷ˵پҪöˣͬǳ̣ϱߡ
㹻˰ɣʲôѽҲ̫Ǹ˰ɣ˵ɱ˾ɱɣɱ֮˵ֻͺƵġ
û飬飬ϣϲģӷ첻ǵģͬʱҲҪڳϣˣһݺݵζ
˵پɱһɱһľĸˣǸ鲻֪ʲôطȥˣʣ»һǲǸ
ɣ㰴˵ܱܲĺá
OKˣûˡ
׻սǿٳ֡
ȴʲôط֣
Ȱֻжϡסȴģÿġ
õģȴʲô˼
ʱ䣬棬˲ҽ
׾͸һģһһĽϣ˵ָֻȴͷʱ򣬵ڶתת棬ٶȱ𺣵Ҫһ㣬ʹ࣬ȻȵڶϣҪĶࡣ
˫Ҳȴϡ
û⣬һķǳõء
Ѫͷ촽ֽϣ˵˫ȸȴ
£˵ǿؼˣƴţǼ̲סܵһŻȥˡ
ӷ磬ˣֱɱǾǣΪʲôҪ
ʵܲˣɱˣҲˣû¹죬µĺѽ˿ûƼҴС㣬ϱָ߹
֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡
ʣϣˣӷһʱǵ˫ţ˵ǵȫѾˣֱӾ͹˵ϡ
ӣйڵĲǣҲǻڷѽͷŹǰɣ
ڷϣν֣ڱ˻췹Եģòϣ磬ȷʵ̫˵㡣
ǰͦ𣬻ܵйǹҵ·ȫɱǵʬ嶼Źʲôо֪оζ˰ɡ
ӣƻһҲûѽⶼǵ߳ģһϵûѽ
ҲܸûйϵҿֻҪǸϣһ˿ϵģйϵǲҪңҪ־ȥλɣʲôƫƫܵй飬һ˾˵һڣ˾ˣһҲΪϣĹϵʮ꣬мҹ鲻ģϲģȣҲˣ⣬ȫϣɵģ֣ڵķϣ࣬Ҳһ̣һҪйȴôףˣʣ⹫ôսЩսʿôλ˾˽
˵꣬ӷ˵ȫÿԶ֣ϣԼңսʿ˴ľ޴ʹ࣬Ҿʹӽ쿪ʼģһδΣһһĻǡ
ȫ˳ȥ飬˭ҲȥˣؼҲȫ£ȴûһ˸ܣΪ£Լһܣץסˣ³͸Ǽϣһģ٣ӷûôʱһȴ
ҽ죬ɱ˵ڳӷĵ£չֵ쾡£
أȻҽ첻ɱǣΪҲ˶ˣûҪʱɱǣǣҲֵҶ֡ЩһĶȥɡסǿؼλͣ⣬ҳӷ͸ļµף³͸һȴһһģˮι󡣡


1145 ˱ս
үȻӻؿؼʱϿؽӴ򿪣ڳˣһŻľأϣĵģҲһķ
Ͽ˼˷סѾ˵ϡ
Σϣ˵㳲ģҲѾ˻ʢ٣ЩĿǰûеϸһȣȻѡΪؼʱ̳֣Ϊؼʱ̣Բڡ
ڵĶı˱۾Ȼ̾˿ʵ⣬ǳӷɵģ
үŵ˵ˣʵڻ·ϣѾԹһΣǱȻѵġ
ȻǸʲôҲ˵ǸαӣΪ˱ȫԼ˼컨Щ˵ȫȻұѳӷ磬ʹǲͻزȥˣˣӷǲŹģ컨Ҳǳ£ȻȴͲµһ룬ӷ粻ԼҪڳӷûǣ˿ؼ֮⣬˭ܱסԼ
׵ģ񣬲ϵ֣ĴڣҲֻǸ̰ˣҲӷûϣ˫𣬲ݸĽܶѾˣν˳߲ӷҲѾ͸ˣҪĲ˲ţǿߡ
ûǳӷνֶΣʵ̡̫
ûпȻϰĴڣҲӲʲôˡ
ľأ˵㹻ĺԼ׶ɱڿӷĺݶ֮ѽ
ľЦҳϣӷңǺݶ֮ˣǵĺݶȴǽȻͬҺݶڣֻҪǶвģ˻ǵˣҶµ˶֡ɳӷݶģǶĵ˰ˣˣѣһٸӣҲңӲġ
˵Щû˼㿴ӷΪʲôҪֶΣ˵ĳֻ֣Ҫɱ˾ˣڵʵ˵ҲĶ֣ȴôһףǰɵġ
ľ˵룬¸һϵûУû´Ļ⣬Ӧĵġ
Ȼ廰ӷ統ʱ˵ˣ͸ؼĳλļ񡣻˵
˵ʲô
˵ĳǷԼҵģǷЩй˵ģ¸µףһҪλ֣ĳ˵İʱһὫĳ˸ȴ飬ˮι󡣡
顣
Ľµĵ汻һѷ죬ŭһӷ磬ݼ񣬻治Сѽ
۵Ҳ˷ŭ¸µ۷֮սǿбģͲţǿӷܶս¡
˵л԰ٸԽ͢˹ûУ
˹֣ľصıû˿ת䣬ܣ԰ɣΪɽɫϵĹһҪ㡣
˹֮⣬Ѿ׼ˡ
ô˹һ𣬶Ըӷ磿
ΪҵĹϵɣ˹ҪأΪֹû֪ǵʲôطһ壬ʲôڡ˹ûȴѾ˻ʢ١
ŶѾˣǾûˣΪ˹ļ̳ˣȻԴ˹
ľû˵ȴ¶Ц
ڸӷһ𣬶ԼȴҪϣõһһӷԿĶܵõǼĻ㵽ʱˣЩȫ˳ӷ֣֮ԼҲսɱ˳ӷ硣
Ƽҡ
ӷ翴ǼɵЦһ˵Σǲ̫嶯˵㣡
˵ҵ⣬ûϵ
ɣǸǳ侲ˣεΪʲô˳嶯ˡ
Ѹ˵ȴ̸ֹסˣ˵Ƽҵô꣬үүһ첻һ죬ֻүү֮ǰܿƼҳư
룬ΪүүҲѽɣ˽ģԸ񣬸磬Ǽ縺ĳֵĳŵǾԲģ͸ϴε̨¼һΣΪʲô
˵ҵȲȥˣҪ˿ؼ壬ҪүүƼҳư
ӷ̾˿˵һ죬ᵽġǣ뻹Ҫһ¡
һ£ΪʲôһҲ̲סˣ㲻ҵĻǾͰﶫңԼؼ塣
ΪڵĿؼ壬˵Ҫ֪ϣѾ㳲ĸףҲѾ˿ؼ塣
ĸףϣĵģϷ˵
ûǵģΪµ׵۷֮սģԣ۷֮սǰؼ壬ǺġңҲҪ뿪һʱ䡣
ƴţʵ磬ҪȥʲôطǸһȥɣҲиӦ
Ǹطȥˣ˵ԼһаȥˣҪ˴·С
ʲôطѽ
ǲùܣֻ֪һ֮󣬿ؼ壬ˡңһ֮ڣʲôҲֻҪ׼¸µ׵۷֮սˡ
ǲμ۷֮սǬʵ
õԼʵΪ֮ǰһ취ÿһ˵ʵģʱ޷Щǿһս٣¶
۷֮ս£и֣ǿȫᵽʮ־ʵһĻֻҪ۷֮սмּضΪ͵ĸֻ֡ҪӷҵĵʯڳÿһˣǸᡣ


1146 ؾ
ҪǰؾѰʯͬʱҲҪؾҳǿΪԼãôӷͱ벻к֮ǡ
ڣƼǲˣ̾εҲ˿ôģ٣ΪƼңסһֵĳ嶯ȥƿؼɡ
ǣ߲ؼǱ߲ϣڸѾ˻ʢ٣νǸ֮࣬Ҳǰȸϵʢ¸µףǰӷ۷֮սص㡣Ͼε۷֮սӷʼٸߣΪӷڣɱ˹Ͳε۷֮սȫĸҪսģҲǳӷ磬Ȼ֪ӷڻʢ٣ϣȫĸ֣ͻʱڷӿӷܷģԼһߣЩνĸ֣νƼҵ鷳һԼڣŵйԯҲǵΪȥˣǵֻһ佣ʵϴƼֻаķˡ
ԣӷڳ֮ǰҪƼߵãܽйİ֣һ١
佣ѰԯΪ֮أҵûУ
佣ʱ䶼ڣǳӷȥԯˣλˣһĽ׶Σ޷ϵϵģӷڷ˵һֺֻҲϵǳأϣǱ߲ݵģԣ佣ȥѰԯֻҪм𾳽ĸƼңǾͻᰲȫࡣ
ȻʱƼҷѵĻԯҲ𲻵κεˣɳӷ׼Щһĸ飬ǶԸӷ磬ǲмֵģֻҪˣǾͲʲôˡ
ѾҵˣҲѾһˡ
أ
ڳսƴ꣬ͻġ
ӷЦһһǵʲôطʲôʱ򶼲Ҫȴһԭ۷ϵĸ֣ڽ𾳽磬ΪͻƣŹ໥ʱĺûᡣ
ɣǴʹɡ⣬Ǳôˣ
Ѿ֪ͨˣӦѾſˡ
Ƽ֮⣬ܳŰ˿ҪüˣƼңÿһˣƼҵĹȻܵ˼
ӷڿڣҲȫڣ˿һӷҲֱӿżɽˡ
Ҫ㽫׵¼иֽйĿģ佣Ѿ˵ĺ˰ɣ
ʢٱΪ۷֮սΪⳡ۷֮սڻʢپеģû뵽ӵϢص㱻ӷˡ
ӷģڲʱ䣬һᾡеƼҲܵκ˺ġ
ƴţغһ˵ҳҪǹֵģɲҪǹǵģѵǻҪ𡣡
˿ιСӣ˵һ飡
ССѪ壬ѵӶֲɣ
㡭
ţڿɲʱһ磬ҪˣҲڵʱ䣬Լ˷ͻǵĵлɳ˵ĻǵʱһŹġ
ƴţ˵
αƼң¹ش󣬶㣬ǼҪ࣬ԣߵ飬㸺ˡ
ӷģҲѾ֪ͨ¥Ǳߣһ˵Ҫ̴¥ĸָʢˣҲӦÿ쵽ˡ
䣬һŮ˵˵ֻıӻ治һѽҸյſڣͱŵˡ
һŮ˽˿棬û˷Ů˵ĵ
ҽйһŻ˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵ѽ
һ£ʮˣ˿
ӷ˵鷳Զܹˡ
ӣ˵⻰̫ˡǵҵʱ˵Ը㾡¥ȫ֮ͦġ
һ˵¥ǸصĵȫҪȥʯ͵¥
ӷܵЩҵֵܽãΪǿ̫࣬Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ܱ֤ʲôʱܻԣҲڵʱҪ鷳ˡ
ӣͿˣҸ׵ľѽûĵҩҸѾˡ
ƴţʲôʱʶЩ˵ģ
ѵʶˣʱӷյϾãõҩҽԺһˣպñϣԾ˺ܶˣлĸɽҸӷҲǸʱʶĵġ
˵ģƴţ˵ȻôˣҪȥһʱ䣬һ˾ͶһΪʲôĸйҲþûˡ
ɽ˵ûʱ䡣
ûʱ䣬ӣʲôѽ
ǣͱСøˣȥģ۸̨̳Ѿˡ
С治֪ǸʲôƢۻ̨壬ǳĵ˵Լˣʲôѽ
û취̨ѾӣСҲģһҪ̳ϴġ
ҿѡ
ɽֻЦһԼ̳ϵȷвСԼǱȲģҪģƴţ˵ҿѣ
ӷҲû˼ȥܹڵˣ˵⣬ԯҲѾ˻ʢ٣ҲƼģһؼǱߴԯĹϵԷĻҲʲôҪһԷԯûô
⣬ӷͣһ£
ԷԯûƼҶֵĻǹЩܵʲô˵Ż˵ģǸʱڳԯûһܱסƼҡ
ʵʦԯǸôӦ
֪ͨϹңڵ鲻ùˣҰڹڵǿߣ̸Ϲս
̵˵ͷֻһ֪ӷڹŵǿʲôˣǿɲˣ
еһȫú󣬳ӷصؽ˻ƴţ䣬ǧҪʱ£Ȼ߳ƼңڣҲʱȥһؾˣ


1147 յ
ɫ峿ĵһڻʢĳУľȴϲ̫磬Щϲ˵֮⣬ǰһСʱڴš
վھƵ귿Ĵǰ̧ͷո̫һȴЩ٣
ҵһΪʲôŶ
̾˿ȥԡϴ裬ʱͻ⣬ͨ⣬ʱС
⣬ôܣѵ
ɫʱޱ䣬һĻºǲ֪ĳ֣ôĶˣǸ˴ˣǸԼˣ
һ⣬Ӵڷ˳ȥ
ͬʱһҾƵķڣҲѾֵ⣬ĳ֣Ҳɫ䣬д󾪲ԡ
ôܣ
ʮϾʱԳԶɽǵ϶쾳ǿ߻ҪɫҲɲôȻ˵䷢Ǿ˵УһλǿߣǿߵԣڳԶɽ֮ϡ
ССĵ磬ʲôʱôǿߣһ϶ǿߣǴ˵еĴѽԼԼ֪ģҲʵ۱һ˰ˣԼô̵ʱ䣬Ǽʶһλ϶㾳ǿߣڳֵλ㾳֮ϣѵ磬˵ʢ֮ڣ˳֮⣬ǿߵĴ
ٶ룬£һҪԷʲôˣǳ֮ˣǳҵˣǳҵˣǳҳһԶɽ֮⣬»ŸӴ
⣬ϡ
ؼ壬ĵϣĸ֣ȫͻȻֵŵֽŷ飬ÿһ˵˫Ҳ㶵ģţϣȻһǿ
ľ˫ȭգɢɱĵڳˣ
ԭ峿ڣȴܲ
֮ϣȻһվվͺñȹŴʱսϵ֣һƥѪɫţս֮ϣһɫ׵ˣ˵òΪͷУȴһѺɫĴӣԾ֮⣬Ԧս֮С
⣬Ӳͬķ򣬳սλóɢȥֳ𣬴Ϊľأһ
ľصһսԱߣ˶ǵȹأͬݼĸס
ĸףľصĸףҲ˵ˣ˹֮ˣû뵽ӷǰŸ뿪ʢ٣˹֮žѾˡ
ɡ
׺ͣȴޱߵŸõԣӢ
ľ໥һۣľغݺݶʹһɫ˼˵øҺú˵򣬾׽ܣҲɱ㡣
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ʢѾˣ
ľ˵ĸ׵ĻѾ˿ˡ
㶼Щʲô
Ұĸ׵һֱڸӷ
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ĸʧˣңˡ
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λ˹֮ȴû˿ĶŭЦ˵
ĸףˣѵ𣿡
ӷǺģΪı˰ıҰģϾ̫١
ĸ˵ģǳۣ
ۣƺûôӷ硣˵ģˡ
⻰һľ뵽ʲôʣѾ˹
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ѣ
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СѾͷе۹⣡
ڼҪϢˣ汻ԼˣԷһ϶۷徳ǿߣǿߣôܻڵ֡ԾǣԷȻһھ͵ԼǺ֮ˣѵȥɣ
һ仰Ҳ˵ˣƣҲǺڣԼͲӦܹģǴ˵еĴ˵ѽ϶۷徳ĳȻǿߣ޵еĴڣ
ĳԾûͷΪս֮ɢͬʱһǿӶǱֱѹȹ
ľظۿȥһǿҵ⣬ԱȹٻҪٶȣԼ
ս֮˵ˡߡ
ǣĸס
ҪߣѾ̫ˣľظˣȫӶǱ߳ѹסˣ͸һڸ޷뿪

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˫гѪ˿磬̫˰ɣһ϶㾳ǿҲˣڣȻͬʱ϶۷徳ǿߣ⣬⵽һô磬ӷ˵磬̫Σ
ս֮ҲǴЦһ˵µġ
һοˣս֮ǰˣǿʨۡ
ŮˣʵǺ̡ʮǰҾȻûʵ
û׼ֵ˼˵ɡ
ۣʮǰ飬Ҵûڹϣ㵽˹ɱһҲûҪƽϡ飬ҪֵĻ֮䣬ֻһսˡ
۷ĿЦڽǷһмЦ˵϶۷徳磬Ϊƾ㣬һսŮ£ļʶ̫֮ˡ
֮⣬ǲһսˣ
ǲ壬ǲмҶ֣㣬ûʸ񡣡

ǿ쫷תֻΧսΧȴûн
ս֮վ˫¶۾ɨһΧͬʱΧ쫷ʱɢȥ
ھڤʱһֱһ˵ڳҵĺ֮УһܳԽ϶۷徳Ĵڣû뵽˵Ȼġۣڣһôľ磿
ʲô磬㲻Ҫ֪ԭ飬ҲûҪ֣ʵ벻ͨΪʲôҶӣ
ѵ㻹ʨ֪֮ԻڣΪʲôѵ᲻֪
𣿾ˣΪʲôҪҶӣòǻɣĳˣҳҰɣ
Ҹ֮䣬˵һĶϵĻɣ
Ǿ鷳㣬һɰɣ㲻ܸһ㹻ֵɣǽ죬Ҳͱˡ
˼һܸ㡣
֣˵һΡ
ۣ㲻Ҫ̫
ڵ˭̫ݣȻҶΪУѵֶΣܹ𣿡
ҲȲѣԵĻҲҳӷ鷳Ͼǡһˣ
仰˵ڣľظȫһһˣ⣬ô˵ģ
˭һˣģˣ㱳ҳҵѾǳҵһˣ֮ԻģΪĿǰ֪֡
ģ
ɣǳ˵ģǸΪ˺ʼʺӾްҹ˳ңֱӾްҹѪǸ񲻾ǳӷ
֪ңңҲܺѽ仹ţȴûһһŮǲΪҶе裬ӣҲڶʮǰģ

ľظѾˣ⵽ôһ£ΪǰŮˣݶŮˣԼĸףû뵽ԼȻģȻǳҵˣ
Ҳ⻰ͬʱҲѾ뵽ԼʷеһΣǹʼʺӾްҹһμأ
ѵŮˣǵ걻ʼƭԸҵĳڵʱѾ϶۷徳ǿˣǴˣĳѪʼʸˣΪʲôӵ϶۷徳ʵ
Ҫ˵ϻܸһɣҽ죬Ҳȥ
̾˿ûȥľʲô˵ҺңӦõģҲûԭңˣҲŻᴦӷԵģŻڰвٿһУΪΪ
ΪʲôѾˣŮˣ̫ΣգԲǳӷԸ˵ģǺء
֪۾ͬһھڤʱǸ˵㣬ѾԽ϶ľ磬ԼԲĶ֣ӣֻܽ˵ˣԼµĸ֮ģ죬Ҫֹͣˡ
ΪҪóӷ磬Ӿްҹ
ʲôƨҶӣôܻӾްҹйϵ
ۣҪ֪һص磬Ѿʱˣڻ֮ǰܹٿ࣬ƳԼ֮⣬ûĵһ֮󣬾һֱڰػųң֮ĳҲŷҲûܳҵˣҲûһֱڰй۲ųҡҸԼҶԲȣҲΪôңҵļңֻҪ飬ƴҲһüͷġֱʮǰӳǰһ̡
Ҷӳǰʲô£
ʱ㻹洦˽˶ԹƸû⵽ӳǰĳһһֵ顣
Ҫֱ˵
ڰԪأס硣
ڰԪأ
ûڰԪأںڰԴߣ㣬Ӧúɣ
˵
ڵʱһ֮⣬ͲںڰԴߣҲǳΨһһڰԴߡʱҾ͸оڶɺڰԪصĳ֣ܲϸ۲죬ڷֺ֣ڰԪأȻҺϤԶҲ޷ǣǣںӾްҹĺڰԪء
ɫ΢΢˱仯˵˼˵ӾްҹûңڶʮǰѾ磿
ûڶʮǰģĻͷˣҲȵڡ
ǸҶʲôϵ
̾˿˵ӾްҹԸңеǿȫܣη˳ѪԵʱңҵѪΪûѪʧȥ˳ԭеĶܻڣҲƾԼŬΪ϶۷徳磬ЩںӾްҹ㿴ʲôӾްҹʮǰ磬ұΪΪĳֶҺַ֣ûҹ㣬һֱڻر㣬Ⲣʲôû
Щʲô
ʮһֱڶһˣˣĶӣӷ硣
Ҳһѣʵ˵Ӿްҹʮڶӷ磿
û£ҲżȻֵġʵӵ걻͵ʱҾѾ֪ˣЩʲôطôģҲ֪ҲΪˣҲŷ֣ԭӾްҹĿ겢㣬Ķӣӷ硣һֱųӷ磬ߣҳӾްҹܿϧӾްҹص̫ãʮҲûӷ¹֣ҿųӷûãֿʼɺӾްҹųӷĿģԣڳӷ𾳽֮Ҿ͸ı˼ƻٶˣҪ˴ΪУӾްҹ᲻֡
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˳ĵĻҲ΢侲
Գ˵ҲûڳӷѪ飬۸Զɽͻе㲻Ծˣʱ벻ͨ˳˵һоͨˣ
ӾްҹΪʲôҪӷ磿
Ҳֻ֪ǳҾĻֱɱ˳ӷͿˣûҪô໨һӷѪûҪӷѪʵҲû˺ӷ磬û֮ǰͬɱֻ뱨ѡ
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Ӿްҹˣܲܰұ𣿡
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ٷϻתȥ
̾˿˴ӳӷ֣û취ӾްҹˣӣֻܼȥˣղŸ˵Ļˣ֪
Ŀһľظһӣһ˵ղŵ飬Ǿȫǰɣ
ľظһۣеͷΣʵĸףղŷʲô£
ûʲô£Ǹ顣
ǡ
㣬СɫҲûʸҶ֡߰ɡ
ǿֱӴѹȥ


1148 ǿв

ڻʢתһȦ͸˹ڳĵ飬Ҫү֪ϾҲϵңδǰĳﵱһ£Ͼճģүô˵ɡ
˵ǳģԶɽʵ
ûѾȷ˹ˡ
Ŷԭˣѹֹ˹Ĵ˵ô࣬ڿ˹Ǵӻģû´ĻʱӦǽһʯ˵򣬲ǿʯһŵ㣡
˹Ǹ˵ҶʮǰȥĻ̫ţĻὫ˹Ǹط
Ļݴǣδ̽Ƭ򣬳֮⡣
Ǹطһ֮أǴǷɻһ룬ͻʧԶ޷˵ΪƬһ޴ĴųųͳһʱʹĽˣѾʱգ˭ֻ֪Ǹǳµһ磬޷Ƴ֮£ĻݴǣȻ·һ
㿴˵ģǲģ
ӦġʱȻǳңǳҵȣҲһŮ˰ɡһŮ˵鱻ƭˣʲô¶ĳοǳŮˡ
˵ǾͿԽͣӷѪΪʲôᵽʮžˣ
ǣӷǰڹ¶Ժʱ岻ãΪӾްҹӷһ˿ĺڰԪأΪӷǰǴǻʮģ㣬ҲǺûɲţҲûƭҡ
Զɽ˿˲裬˵ӾްҹĿ꣬Ϊʲôӷ磿
Ҳǰ˼⣡˵ӾްҹҪңҲӦҲŶԣΪʲôӷ硣Գ˵Ӿްҹӷǰһ̣Ѿӷˡ
ӷ磬ʮ꣬ӷѪһ˿ĺڰԪӷڣӷ粡ʹʮʱ䡣Ӿްҹôģ
ۿЦһȻȼһ֧̣û˵
ν֪ĪԶɽЦһʵǲ뵽ʲô
룬ӷϣǲʲôڲͬĵط˵ʲôҶûеĶ
УҲǲ֮ǰŵõģӷ֮ǰɳһ롣
һͣȴǳ˵Լš
˵˵
Ӿްҹӷʮ꣬ӷѪӷºڰԪأԣҪֱӷӷɼȻˣΪʲôӷʱֹǸʱӦ֪ġ֮ӷѪ֣ѣһḶ́ӾްҹȻҲ֪ģûֹӷ粻ϵǿȥΨһĽǣӾްҹӷ磬ӷһȻǿߡ
ǱĻһЦмڳԶɽȴ˿û飬˵Ҫһ־ôˣϣɵģ
ȻһΪûеˣһŴȥûκεĸӲ߻ħ䲻°빦ȴܲ·ߴ·ɹĻġ
ӣӾްҹ˵ǰ㣬뺦ӷ磬෴ڰӷ硣ǣǳУҲΪɻĴڣʧôãʮǰͻȻ磬ΪģӷķӷѵҪԼһǿߣһսĻΪʲôҪӷ磬ֱͿˡ˵ʮӾްҹ֪ĴڣҲӦ֪ΪΪʲôҪر㣬ûѽϳӾްҹΪҲԽˣǲܵģҲܳԽ϶쾳磬Բһ޷֪ľиһ¥
˵ӷϣӦʲôǶ֪ĶӷԼҲ֪ɺӾްҹȴ֪ΪˣŻرңֱӶӷ磡
ҳܲˣҲǱ߻棬򣬺һ֪ǵʼʻţ˾磬Ƕǳ˵һΣˣ
֣ɷģӾްҹĻˣ֮Բ֤ѾںһˡңʮҸ͸обǿĴڣҲСӾްҹأǸҲ
Զɽ̾˿ڿͷʹѽ˭֪·ȻɱӾްҹӦ˵ǼһѾϣʮ꣬ǳпܣڳӷߡ
ȻԶɽ໥һۣ˵֣ǲǻɣӾްҹӷ磬ʶˣңǻпܣѾΪѣ
Զɽ˵ϵӷߵÿһˣЩ̫ӵӷЩ£ֻҪӷʶģֵ֪ģһҲŹҪÿһ˵ʮ˴ȫһ
ãȥ졣


1149 ڵ
ڵ̫ƽеһ죬صԳŬλ⺣ǧ⡣ڵĵ֮һ˶ӵƤؿȺҲǧ๫롣õ״ƳһΣɽɣѶϵ˹ȺΪ̫ƽءڵصľʯ
172245գϽӡȹ˾̽ռŸ޸һ֧ӷλ̫ƽеС޸ںͼīʼλãڷָõһǻ̵ĸڣԱ߼¡ڵӴˡڵ֮Ϊ֪1774꣬Ӣ̽ռղķ˹˴ٴҵõ1914꿪ʼԸڵصĿоǵѧݵصԳƴ˵ΪŬ1860ԴϪصĲ͹ĳƺ
Ըڵ֮ҲΪصľʯĹϵ˾סȽϸӣԲΪȫסϵİްׯС˿Լǧҡ
ӷǧֹɻȻת˸ڵطǳӷģ֮죬ʵҲһһź֮ġ
ӷһ¼ڵģȻһˣصĵ죬ҲΪһεĺȥȻÿ꣬вͬҵο˵ءӷģҲһš
ڴϵʱǧֹο˵˺ܶڸڵ飬ȴȽңÿһ˵ĶͬҲʹǧֹˣȤ
ڻû¼֮ǰžѾ˵Щʯÿһˣӷǧֹڣ̾Ϊֹ
ΣȻܲ࣬ο͸һϵȫܵЩʯǰȥˣΨӷǧֹûȥΪɲΪģҵ֮صĵطȻǧֹͨؾĴš
죬ô𣿡
صĲǵϵЩʯ񡣡
ӦҲûʲô˵İɡ
֪֪ÿһʯִĿƼܵĻҲҪһʱ䡣⵺źüǧʯҪöõʱ䣿ΪҪǣݶĿѧ֤ЩʯӦǰѾڵģǸʱ򣬸ͻûĴڡ
ǰǾԶʱˣ
û
ǸʱӦŶѽȻЩԶ񣿡
ЩǴڵʶǶĿѧȥЩοͣʵǰѾˣڵʱ仹Ҫܶ࣬˵ǻ𣿲ţһ㵱ɷӡ
ѽڵʱ䣬ֹֺֹ꣬ϣ֮ڵ࣬ǣֻеϲУ֮⣬࣬ңԻ֮ľڤ
ЩȻܸ߱ˣЩͨˣǣ˭ֻţ
֪ҲһҸɣ
ѽ֪̫࣬յľԽ࣬ҲԽأͻԽݡԣͨ˵֪Խ٣ԽãİأӦǵ̽ͨ̽죬ҲӦڣΪڵͨˣĶ̫٣νĿѧҲֻ̫ҪѧܸʱǸʱ򣬲ϵͨ̽Ƭããʱ򣡡
ǧֹǶͬؾһµ壬֪飬ȻҲҪࡣȻǧֹ֪Ⲣʦһе˲֪
ҿǻǾҵ֮صĵطɡҸоԽԽˣԽԽˣŹ˶ãͻȫǣǸʱҪͨؾ֮ţͲˣ
ӷ̾˿վλãԺĿɽÿһɽڣһ΢΢ɢǺԣͨˣͿֻǸоϵ򣬱ĵطҪһˣ
ӣһ£ϣͽᷢһ˼Ҿѽ
ǧֹ˵أָģǵϵɽѾ˱ƣӷ˵һ£Ͼͻᷢһ˼Ҿ磬Ҳ˵һ֮ڣɽͻῪʼǸʱ򣬵ϵľ񣬾Ҫùˣ
òỹǰɣҪ֪һ֮۷֮սһ֮սˣ˭Ҳ֪ʱ᲻ᷢʲôÿһء
ǧֹ˵û۷֮սеıǼǿģǳӷ磬ˣҲһ
˵ûЩ˵Щ˵ȷ޹أܼʱؾĻҲ˳ְһѰɡ
˵⣬Ѿ˹ǸŮˣΪӷţȻĵΣеģĸңһ֮󣬶еصĵνӴϾصĵζԵص飬֪ıطĵҪࡣ
λ˶ȥˣôѽҪ֪ſɲ࣬ҲÿһҶеģǧҪ˻ᣬҲ˵һӣֻһΡ
ӷЦлСѣǲ̫ϲࡣ
й˿֣ΣȻϲġðɣǿǧߣ˵󲻴˵ССһ·ˣŶɢˣͻȽ鷳
С˵Ҫȥοͼϣӷȴ˵С㣬һ£һ֮ڣ֮⣬ûŻ
Ȼˣһ֮ٻŰɣϾﲻһԣĵطֻЩǿ˲ŻѡҲǺܶࡣ
ǿе鷳ˣ
鷳ʲô鷳ѽ
Ŷûʲôˣ룬Ӧûļɡ
йˣѽ
С˵й֣ʵйֻ֣ǳӷ˱Ƚְˡ


1150 ؾ֮
Ž˵Ψһһӣľǳʵ䲻ԭʼסģõģԵģģУ֮
ŽӺȻڴڵҲɵصĵΣҲǴľ񣬴οͲͣתϲͣĽ⣬ϵʱ򣬻ˣǧҪܣ׾ͻ·ģҲкܶҰޣһ⣬˭Ҳ
ģẦһֻèҹ˾ȫ˶ŵĺüˣҲʱ˴ӣǸͲȥ˼ϵΣգҪʲôѰƵġ
Щ˹ģĴҾ;ǲʲôö
ڰ֮УǧֹżӰ뿪ӣм
ֻ̽һ¾ʯܰˣڰ죬һᱻصľ谭ģȥǡ
治֪Щ˵ôģǽͲ˵飬ȴƫƫҪȥ̽˷ʱ𣡡
Ҳֻ಻Ͻһַʽɣ޷ȥ̽ЩΪ֪飬ֻҪȥ̽ȥоһ죬ǻõ𰸵ġ
Ǹʵ̫̣ǵ֪ԭԼϣϰĴڣǵ飬һܲסġ
ǿȨѹȵĵطһзڵӹ̫ˣû˿ΣʶһǷ֣ԭԼ˵СΪԱͻ뾡һа취ԼǿǸʱ򣬿ƼҲһչġֻͺñȵձйʱʱйм˾ܴӮձձǿѹйֻвһеķ󣬻һձͶˡ
˵ҲԣˣֻΣٵʱ򣬲ŻῪʼҲǿǿһɣ
ˣͨ飬ûʱȥܣҵʺϵĵص㣬Ȼؾɡ
ӷųʶоϵÿһطԼСʱ󣬳ӷɽλá
ǳȣͬʱҲΪĳԭ򣬽ȸڴ˵أ޷ɢȫÿһ䡣
ʲôԭʹȣ޷ɢȥأѵΧʲôɣ
һЩͨʯͷˣҲΪЩʯͷŻ𵽴˵Чġ
ʯͷʲôʯͷ
˵һֿʯɣһַǳռĿʯֿʯһɼΪǿĴһɴųŽΧȸסˡ
˵ģ󣿡
ţǴ󡣺ˣҪ˵ôˣʺϵĵطܴܲͨؾ֮š
ǧֹ˵ͷ˫ִһӡʱΧȫۼ˹ͬʱΧЩĴҲ˹
Ľϣͼǧֹǰһ΢İ׹⣬׹γһԲΣǿ
ѽҵľ̫ˣ޷Ŵ򿪡
Ϊ̫֮أһ˵Դھ񣬾ԽͻԽѾǸˣܱһ㾫Ѿ㲻ˣȻ޷ӳԭӵеľһѰɡ
ӷ˫һǿľɢȫǧֹ
ǧֹųӷǿľǰǵ׹⣬ԽԽǿۿͨؾ֮ҪˣʱͻȻһ
ڣǱôй⣿
ӷһļһôܵôɽλѽҲûʯܵʲôЩͨ˼һĻǾͻ鷳ģ
ȥҲѾҵ˾ʯ֮ա
ǧֹ˳ӷһۣӷʵҪã
ٻҪСʱ
ֹͣ
ڲֹͣؾ֮ڴʱһֹͣҪ£ٿһΡ
е鷳
ӷһ£˵ȥֹЩˡ
ڽľˣľȻҲʧġ
û취ˣֻܽԪϣȥֹǡ
䣬ӷһ⣬ԪѾ뿪壬壬Ϳž
ͨ˶ۣνԪʵ꣬Ȼ꣬ͨȻǿġ
ӷԪһžʯ֮ϣߵһʯ֮Ÿղ뿪ڵǼˣԼдͷģһʮӢߣͷİ׷һ̽շһģˣһǴԼʮҵˣһǴԼʮҵŮˣ˶ߵĳƺӦߵѧߣһڣֻǲ֪͵Ľڡ
ڣⱾأһǧǰһ׹ϣ˵᲻ϵʯ֮йأ
ŮֵͲеһ飬Խʵ
ӦֻһʯˣҪ֪ϵľʯڵʱ䣬֮ǰԣһǧǰϵʯ֮ûκιϵⱾŮʱ͸ҵģӦòм٣ңݻҵļأʵһǧǰҾѾ˷ʱΪսû̫ˣҲǸʱֵģʱĽͼ¼£ռ¼λ˵Ӧþϡ
ǵңܲҵһǧǰ׹ڵϵǿʯɡ
⼸˵ĶԻӷ֪ӦӢҵˣӢŮġ
˵Ӣһǧǰͷңʱʲô׹ϣΪʲô£һ㴫ԶûУϣҲͲʲôѽ㣬ӷ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ϾԳӷĿǰΪ˵ǲϵĶһͻһʱо


1151 羫
˽ǧֹǱȥӷɲǼͨ˾ò˼һĻ򣬹Ƶ죬ͽȫ磬ˣĻϵʱ˿ɾͶˣӷҲ޷Щĵ뿪죬˵ԼԤ֪֪ɽҪ˰ɣ
ɳӷֲܳȥֹǣã˼һ£ӷ罫΢΢ͷ˳ĳ֣;˵ϵҰޣǣĶȫͬһʱҲȫ
ڣǣʲôŮʵ
ǽ
ãΧһһȺǸϽ뿪
ǽڣǰİ׹⣬пܸǧǰйأǼȻѾˣѵ˵˽ϣҲҲǵ׹ˡ
ЩΪҪġϻȥҪ˵
ˣȻģڻôҰ޵ĽڿɲΪҰ޵ҹ
֮ʱΪ̫ţŮе飬Ҳ˵ϡ
ӷԪʯϷ£֮ǰڵλãҽϵ鶼Ӣɵġ
ӷʱȥ飬ֻǽ𣬷ǧֹڵĵط
ӷ緵ʱѾһ׹ųǧֹǰӣѾͨؾŸˡ
Ԫ񷵻壬ӷʵڿԽ𣿡
ǿˣһе㵣ġ
ʲô
Ͼҵʱô뿪ؾģԼ֪Ӳ֪ͨؾ·ϻ᲻ʲôΣաԡ
㲻õģ䲻ڵĹޣҲѲҵġ
šǾͽȥɡ
ӷǧֹؾ֮ź׹ҲԶʧˣͺδֹ㡣
ؾǰһռ䣬ռڵλãڵ֮УҲǵʱΪ˲κȥЩȥģǽ磬Ϊһ᲻ϵľȥЩȥİӲܽ磬һͨ˷֣鷳ԣڵʱ񣬾뵽˵طǿһ񶼲ܽĵطֻҪǲؾ֮Ŵ򿪣屬ըЩȥ񣬾ͿԶõ
ͨؾ·һͨµ·һʱ㣬ֺߣֻһ͸ĹܵˣԿΧǿա
·һӷ˽֮Ҳֻһֱǰȥû˿ת䣬Լ΢΢һתҲһǽڣңǽڣԶܵġ
һ·Ҳ֪˶ãûκε飬ֱӷͣһ½Ųںǧֹʵǲʲô⣿
ܴǰ棬һͨڣۻ˾޴ķ硣
ʲô˼
Ҳ˵ǰ߰׵ľ룬ͻһ統Уķǳ֮弶ôԣһҪСġ
һ·ȻûκεʯͷԿ϶ǣһصߡڵص£ôܻз磿
з磬Ϣ
ˣ
ˣӦǷ硣
ԽԽͿˡ
ܼ򵥣ǰķ磬ӵġ
ѵǡ
֪ʲô
ǧֹ˵ؾ˵һأҲһǳĵطǸطȴһطûеľ飬ӿޱȣʦһ壬ؾп˵ǳΪ壬־飬ҲǿʦһģԹʦһһ壬ƲĹϵ
飿ǲо飿
ô֪
µġǰķӵȻǷ羫飬ͬһԵģȻе֡ļһϲЩá
ǿҪСһ㣬о飬Ӧþǿ·ģ֮⣬κˣý롣
˵ָۣģǶĻģ
УΪؾǵ궫ģؾŶȥ񡣡
ȻˣǾûҪСˣЩ飬Ҳǵ·
Ϊʲô
֪ˡ
ӷҲֱͣǰߣԽߣԽֱ߳˰׵ľ룬ӷ˵ǰһ䣬ȻһϿȡ
Ͽȷǳխһ죬Χʯͷȫǹģǿҵ쫷磬ϿдΪֹͣĴС
Сǰѡӵ˫۵ģ۾ΪɫԼ֮ߣϴ¼⣬ͨһ״
ЩǷ羫飿
ûЩһһַǳ
ʲô
ǿԷ壬Ǻ֮˸ɢˣٴκʱǵͻǿʮԴƣԽԽǿ󣬷羫ΣҲԽԽӴ󣬵󣬽ȡؼеķԪΪã˵һԽԽǿľ顣
ӷЦһ˵ڵʵҲѾǰǰСˣȻЩ羫ʦһͷȥǽһ°ɣǻκε㡣
㲻а취Ը𣬼Ȼа취ΪʲôҪ˷ʱ䣿
棬ҲûЩ顣
ǧֹ˴ͷ˵ǺðɣСʱҲ۸ˣȫǱˡ


1152 ؾ
ǧֹųٰѷɵΪӷƳĵҩʹΪӵеϢҲǰǿ˺ٰܶ࣬ѷɵųȫ֮ʱʹϿڶһš
羫۾ͣΧɨӣǼȻǾ飬ǾǾۼؾȻмԣ֪ʲôǲûΪϢǿеη壬ӵ˷ȫǧֹ
羫쫷磬ʹǧֹºվȣֲҷһֱӱ쫷統У羫ԷΪɷģǶص壬ԽǧֹȻɵԼȥһѣԼǵ쫷統С
ǿ쫷罫ϰٰѷɵȫı˷򣬱ǳż羫ȥģȫΧұϣҲΪˣΧұϳһѺۣѺ۲ͣұڵ˷졣
˵ǧֹΪߣΪǿ쫷ĹϵɵұϣҲܻ˵ѽһ㣬ںĳӷ֣ӣϿ֮ڣӦòֻз羫ô򵥡
Ȼӷ뵽ֻұϵѺۿʼſһʯͷſѺڱĳ˵ϣ
ЩڵϵʯͷȻ쫷Ӱ죬յڵʱһҲûֱǧֹչڶֵĹϵʯͷŶȴҲΪ쫷ӰģЩʯͷͻȻӵ羫һ
ǧֹһеʯͷڵĽ仯һͣ
飡
ǧֹٺˣΪϿֻз羫鿴أҲ˵ǿͨؾ֮·û뵽˷羫֮⣬Ȼ顣
Ҫţ־ǺģҲںôһʱ䡣
ǧֹ¿ʼп࣬ӷ˵ɣЩԼ֪ģǷ羫飬ǻҪӦ飬ԼҪͬʱ־飬ʵǳĺѽ
ȻѾ֣ǾûֹͣĵҲǶľֻҪ֣ǾҪ˸ϾɱԲԵ˵ʴȣǶԼĲ̡
ǧֹһѳһͭŽҲһѱңѽǲǧֹģǰˣб棬ڵذֵ彣
ڱ󣬳ӷҲûȥͭŽǧֹȴѽϲȻԭȵѾˣǧֹ˸˳ǣ򣬽ͭŽԼߣ£ӷ磬ʱҲû⣬ڼǧֹȻ˱ͭŽӷҲһЦԼǺ㣬һֱǰԼ£ıΨǧֹûУȻѽԼҲȥˣҲʡԼһ£
һ룬񲻶ѽǵĵʱͭŽ汦һ˵ģΪʲôѵǧֹͭŽ˲ɣ
ӷεҡҡͷȥɣϲͺã
ǧֹûȥӷ磬Ӳ֪ӷʲôһһԷ羫飬ԭе־ţҲƽϢ
⼸꣬һֱںڵϣǸˣԵķҲˣʲôĴû֤˶𣬲֮սһеһУ羫飬ҪΣյĶѽ
Լ⼸ľһ飬ǧֹ£Ҳսʮ㣬ֱӾͳǰ־˹ȥ
ǧֹδ羫ʱϣͷ𶯣ͬʱҲһѺۣһ٣ӵϵѺڳ˳һÿõĴ
ľ飡
һ³־飬ⲻҪ룬Ͽ֮ӦþؾˣҲԼļ磬Щǲȫġ
漴һȣסϿȣģֹ̌ͷһһ֮ϣü仯ΪһнŵĻ飡
飬飬顣
Ͽٴ𶯣ߵұڣȫ飬˵ɽѣڼͳֺѾϿȸΪƽء
飡
¡¡
Ͽڿʼ˱꣬ˮܿǣǵǧֹĴλãӷҲʱ򣬷վһ޴ʯ֮ϡ
ˮУһɫ;飬ˮ顣
ľˮоȫۼӣǰ棬һؾ֮ˡ
䣬ӷһǧֹǰ
ǧֹ˵оۼöԸ
ҪԸҲҪˣڣѾҪȥˡ
Ͻǰɡ
Ҫ
ӷһɢⲻ֮Դͨˣȴһֹһ湦ӷѧĵһֹǸλ棬ҲУֹΪǿģ֮Ϊ꼶˵ǿ񿹺Ĺ
ľۻʾ
磬ڴˣо飬¡
Щʮ㣬Ҳûѽ۵ľۻʾǵ۵ĳڳΪۣ˵֮ǰѾ£ЩȻͳģȻ֪ġ
ӷľۻʾһ۵ݣɸͨϿȣҲκε
Ȼоڸоӷɢȫ̼䣬ϿȣҲָԭӡ
ǧֹ˼ĿһĻ⵽ô£Щ飬ôôʵˣԼӡУǲӦѽ
⵽׷ʲô£
ղŲ˵ЩʦһҲֻ۵ǶۻۡҸղеĹǶ磬۵ĳľۻʾЩоľۻʾȻΪҾˣв˵ĵ
ԭڣҾͿԻؼˣ
ǻؼңҲļңӲʦһļңֻ˵ļˡȻҽҲҵŵԣɡ
ǧֹûб飬˵лл
֮䣬Ҫл𣿡
ǵģҪлˣԺ󣬲ҪʲôҪڶΣҲԲһüͷġ
ˣЩͲ˵ˣؾɡ
ǣ


1153 ɫԭ
ͨϿȺչڳӷǰģһεɽڣҲǸڶѣͿ棬Ϊھǰ׹⣬׹γһе״˳ʱתš
ؾţֻҪͨţؾ֮ˡͬʱڵλãҲѾǵĵˡ
ӷ翴˿Χӵһ·ȻѾ˵ĵ似ѽûöʱ䣬ֻͨһ·ֲ·ĵطѾ˵ģ˵ȥͲŵģ£ȴǰٷ֮ٵʵҲӦþνĿռɣһռرĵطǸһнȻͬʱ䣬ģͬ
һеڴؾνĹ׻һôĵطˣҪ˵ôˣȥɡ
ǧֹеԥˣ˵һе㵣ģ
㻹ʲôԼˣڲӦ˷ܲŶ𡣡
ڼǰѾˣ£ȫ嶼֪ڻĳ˵ǰһŻġ
ˣֻǸˣĻˡ
˵£ָôأҸôҵ˽ͣ
ͲҪͣҪģֻһ𰸡
𰸣ʲô˼
û´Ļĸ׸ĸףӦöڰɣ
ҵĸҺСʱѾˡ
ĸףӦþʦһ峤ɣ
ô֪
ӷЦһûشǧֹ⣬˵ĸףͿԸһĴ𰸡
һǲס
ȼ㸸֮ͻ׵ġܣҵĵҲĸԤ֮ˡ
ǧֹٱӷôһ˵ҲѾ˳ӷ˼ӷ˵Լ֮ԻĪ뿪ؾΪһˣһУȫԼĸΪӷ˵ĵԼĸ׿Ԥϵˣǲ˵ʱԼĸףʲôرķԼ뿪ؾģĿģҪԼһԼȫ˻ǸԼȫɣ
ĻԼĸ׵ʱΪʲô뷨Լ֮⣬ԼһȻĹɣԼѾ˾ͷǣʲôɸ˵ܣ
һҪؼңصԼ˵ߣ룬롣ڣǧֹʼˣᱻԼУԼԼ뿪ؾ磬һеһУֻԼĸף˵ȫŵһˣ
ӷǧֹļ˵£ҪԵġʵ֮󣬾Ӧ֪ܿ죬ͽҪԣȻˣʲô
Ҳ£ֻǡ
ˣһڴ̫ãҪʵֵʱȥ±࣡
ǧֹϣһֱǿɫ˿ڣҲʱ˿ˣ
ַȥ˿һ̣ӷ˫ۣȻļΪ̣⸱òνǣⲢǳӷԭ򣬶ǣòر
ӷͷ˫Ķǧֹ˵㣬ȻǸѪ
ûǧֹǸѪƶһǶĻѪ֣ǰӷɴδɹ㣬Ϊǧֹйˣʦһ壬ҲȫйŴʱڵˣȴ벻ǧֹȻӵŶѪͳ
ôԾҵĸǶˣҵĸˣȻǻѪˡʵĻѪкܶࡣ
ʲô˼ѵʦһУǶ˸˵Ľ𣿡
ûȻؾŶȻŶˡôܶǸ˳Ϊһҵģ˸˳ΪһңҲкܶණ˸˽һͥģԣǣѪȴֵĶ˻˶Ҫࡣ
ǲһԹȴΪʲôᡭ
ΪںܶǰҲ罨ؾ֮ǰڶͬʱѰЩӵر˵ģҲ˵еĵһУûκ֮䣬ѪԴϵģ֮ѪԴϵǺܿġ
ԭӣҰʦһ̫ͳġ
ⲢκεӰ죬֪֮£ǲȽؾ֮ı飬ҵŲ
ŲǵˣӦȫѾ֪ˡ
˵꣬ӷ粻ٷϻֱӾͽεţǧֹҲԥˣ˽ȥ
֮չֳģһȫͬأȻǿռ䣬ȻЩɽҪĶ࣬ûǰ󣬵磬ؾҪࡣ
Ϊʣ̫ͬʱеģң̫Ǹ߹գû˿ƶɴ˿ɼؾУûаҹֵ֮ģԶһӣһɫĹâţƬգҲȫΪɫƣҲΪɫ򣬺ºͣҲȣûļ֣֮һ굽ͷˣΧûȺɽ룬ûи¥ãĵ棬һƬĲԭԭȴΪĿ飬ƬԭϵĲݣɫһɫɫɫɫӸߴȥͬһ½ΪƬƵģӷڵĵطպþƬԭߵĵطɽһɳĴڣվܿΧеһУɫԭϣźܶɹŰҲ֤ɫԭʦһסĵطڻɫԭϣĹҲ棬ɫԭЩȥĵطںɫԭкܶྫ飬Що飬Ҳ֮ǰӷЩ顣ɫԭϣһ޴Ŀӣӷʱǿôγɵģ£ʲô


1154 ·ǧĵȴ
ؾһ棬ĵطӣЩһҲȫΪǵģǴһ㴴ϸģ򣬲ܽؾƵ
ȻϾЩȥϢ֮أһ㣬ǲ̫ܵģ͸ͨһǰһȻ֮ǰԼһνķˮأȰ֮Ҳסһ㣡
ɫĴԭչֳеһĻҲһͻ㣬ӣؾʱǱ߳Ҫȶһ㣬ΪǶ˻ڵʱǲɫĶģҲǵʱ˼뽫ؾƬĹƳһɣ
ӷ绹ǵһμľ¶طʱ¶ٶԵʱЩЩĿ佱
ǧֹıҲʱ˱仯ĳĬҲ˵ڻʲô
ǧֹСĵطһУǧֹҲǳϤͯʱû䣬ͬʱҲű˵صʹࡣ
侭˼ʱ䣬ٴλصؾʱȽϣϵĻ磬ǸĻ磬ڣĵϣһεÿһ˵˫Ŷ޷뿪벽
˿Ŀ棬Ҫºܶ࣬ǧֹȥЩȾĲ񻰵ĿҲԶطԵĻǧֹ治ԭһ˵ԶĻ磬ܱȻصҪĶɡԼˣԼˣԼֻԼ˵ɣԼ˸ȫ֮ԺҪɣȫ˶Ҫɣ
ǧֹļǵģʱԼĪ뿪ؾѹ󣬷ԼѾǸˣû˿ϢǸʱǧֹеܹ¶ҲǸʱϺİĿ࣬õ˿Ŀİȥ˽ʱ䣬ʼԣʱǧֹŻĿ¡
Ҳӷĳ֣ǧֹеһת۵㣬ΪӷǧֹҪĿุӱ𣬾Ͳһֱ׷ųӷ粻ţҲͲнˡ
ˣرЩȨƵˣΪɻģվ飬һվˣǽ֣ǳҡ
ǧֹˣüڳӷΣʱҪ˻ɱ˳ӷ磬ɵȴΪ˳ӷˣȻʱǿһƲĴڰɣûеʱǧֹҲлټԼˣϣԼ˸еˣĿƣԶ뿪ط
̣⣬ǧֹı齥Ļָ˹ӻصؾһ̵ڣӷ綼ڹ۲ΧһУΧһĻĻӷ˳Ծ֮⣬Ǹе˼飬Ȼⲻ˼飬Ϊʱط̫ǡ
ڲǸ̾ʱ㻹ǿΧɡ
ӷһЦ
ΧΧʲô˲ԭ֮⣬ǡ
ԣôΪʲô
ǧֹȥԼ۾ΪԼǰҲɫԭλãԼŰԶλãȻվϰٸˣжˣҲˣиԼһĻѪ֡
Щ˵ǰվһˣʹԼʮˣͷȴûа׷˵ЩУûκһǰͷģǶ˻ˣȫͳһĺڷ
ǧֹ˫۳񣬼һĻۿУѾˮ
ף
ûϰͷģǧֹĸףҲʦһ峤ƬؾƬص䡣
ԣһٶˣʦһȫǣȻڳӷ˸ոյʱ˵ǵ֮ǰѾˣҲ˵ǣȴʲô·ǧ겻ĵȴǵȴʲôأǧֹöҲ֪ڵԼԼΪʲô֪Լڽأܲ춼Ȱɣ
ӣҲµһҲûеɻӦϾҪ⿪ˡ
ǧֹ˱۾ѵԼĪ뿪ؾԼĸһְŵԼĸ뿪ķΪʲôֻԼһ뿪ˣΪʲô뿪
Ҫôˣȹȥɡ
ǧֹ˵ͷʵҪȥԵģӱܲˣҲӱܡ
ĳǰȺȥֻȺУѾĻЦ˷ܵǣΪʲôҪЦΪʲôҪ˷ܣѵΪǧֹ𣿲ģӦԭҲΪʲôȴԭ


1155 ػ
ǧֹܵǰ֮ǰѮˣУޱȵʹ԰ٶˣҲ̲ס˳
ףŮˣ
ǧֹϥǣڵϵһ̣ʵ
ǧ䣬Ҳǧֹĸףʦһ峤ڼŮʱҲϲǳȴûֳԾ̬ɴ˿ɼǧֹĻѾȫ˵֮ˡ
ȻȻǻˣʦһ壬ڣڵȵһˡ
ǧ佫ǧֹۿûаεˮǧֹļ˵úӣĺܺãҲѵλƼȥִ񡣡
ǧ⻰ǧֹﲻ˵˳ӣеĲ²⣬ȫʵģ˿٣ԼȷԼĸףһְŵģȻԼ֪ʲôԼ뿪ؾһеһУף˵ȫˣ֪ˡ
ף⵽ôһ£
ǧĸ˳ÿһ߿ƶϰĸ䣬ǵͷȫǺɫġ
ĸߣʦһĳϣеȨ˵峤֮ϣ峤ÿһҪͨλϲִС
Լǰ˵ǰɣǧ俪ʼִǵһΪҪ뿪ؾȥңȥִ֮ˣҪһˣǧ䲻κһȥ֮£ֻѡԼŮǧ˿ǧ˿Ҳǧֹ
ӣʲôʣӭӴػߵĵɡ
ǧֹһԣǧĴϣϰٸˣȫ˵ǰ˳ӷ岽֮ǧĴ£ȫˣǧֹ֮⣬ȫʦһ壬ӭӴػߵ
ǧͬʱĴϣеˣҲͬĻ
ۻߣƺӷҲ˵ûеһ¡ڣδǧ䣬еˣȻȫƺԼ⵽ôһ£Ҳ֪Լڽ죬ƵģǺǿ϶
ϾǻʶˣԼҲûκεĹϵӲҪҳϵĻҲֻԼµĸ׶ѣôܸһ棬͸Լ¹򣬻ôһһԼܲ
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ǧ˵ػߣҵȣѾһǧʱˣˡ
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Ȼ֮ǰǲӦȸңղŵЩʲô˼
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ɫԭһɹŰ峤ǧ䣬Ĵ֮һ쵼칫ĵطΧһ磬ڽɹŰͽ룬˭޷룬Ҳ˵Щʲô
ӷѾΪĹôΪģӷ綼ûԼܽӴ䣬ԼܻʦһɣԼոյʲôҲû˵ǲӦԼѽȴˣҽԼɻʵһ
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ӷţȴ֪һǳȤ飬Ҳ˵һǳ˼飬ϽӷĶС
ǧֹǧߣ·йŴʱڵγװǳƣԵʳͬɹŲԭϾסһ⣬ھƺţ˵ÿһˣû˿Ļʲôʲô˵ʲô˵ʲô쵼ߣȴûлȨشΣƽƽȵġ
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طӷԽԽˣϽ˽ҪǣԼеɻͬʱҲǧֹеɻ


1156 ؾ֮
ʦȺͬǧҲûӷ絽쵼µɹŰȥɹŰ⣬ѾźһУͺñһᡣ
ʦȫˣȫۼΪΧĿռȽϴƬɫԭϣٻ˼ңÿһ֮ľȻǲСģҲ˵ÿһˣӵһԼ򣬿Լκ飬ȴܵ˼ҵϺǵõ˱˵ͬ⡣
ǧĴѾ˽ǿȫ򣬾ҾƣͨͬͨҪһǷĻ˵ֻɱԵġңжЩڣҲӦõģϾҪЩʦȥͱ㹻Ŀռ䣡
ػߣΪĵ׼һС
ǧӷһرǹŴڣóӷôô
㻹ǽҳӷɣʲôػߵģŲϰߡ
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ӷ翴һǧֹǧֹɫѿΪڵȣȴһ𰸡
ӷǵ˵ͷƣʮӺ͵ӷǧģһֻ򣬶ˣȴóӷǳԾ
һ׸ߵˣһˣԼʮңϴһ¶Ĳ£ʾǽʵļ⡣
ӱϿһˣֻɳӷȴо˵ΪȻԼһѣǸƷǿߣ
ӷȱʲôǿߣ𾳽ǿߣԼһҪҵʯƵҩҪԼΪ֮⣬ҲҪͳǿΪԼãֻպȥһǿС
ʵӷѾµؾУһǿߣֻû뵽ǣԼҪǿߣȻַʽԼǰ
ǧ峤رѽҸղžͿŮˣ˸ǿһ㡣ڣһ𾳽ǿߣȻֻ顣
Ʒ䲻ǺǿǳΪԴߣ磬ˣҲǸľһλѽߵʲôطǱ˿ǵɫδһ𾳽ǿߣǸ赹ˮģؾ֮УǿߣҲֻѣ
ǧ˵ӣǲ֪ȽرǸЩսʱģеŮˣҪ˵ĻûսµʱŮˣģеˣҪŮ˵Ļ
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ʣһ𾳽ǿߣΪʲôɣ
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˵Ҳԣ
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ӹȻֻ˵һ㣬ѾµСŮȥˡ
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˵˵ɣʲôķ
ǧûֱ˵˵ӲڵͷųôЧ
ͷų˼óӷͷų֮Դ㣬ԡ
ӷҲʣֱӾͽڵ֮Դͷ˳ͻȻ䣬ǧ䣬ˣ紵忪ʼڳҲˣûκεĶɳӷҲû̫ȥעˡ
ڳӷ罫֮Դͷųӣͻأӷͷų֮ԴȻȫʧˣӦ˵ǱʲôյˣһҲʣ
ӷ󾪲ԣطȻжԽԼ֮Դߣǵʲô
ǧ˵Ӧ֪ô˰ɣ
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ȷӷĲ񷶦֮ͬԴ𣬵ͬǣؾĶյ֮ԴֻСģ񷶦յ֮ԴȴǳӴģ񷶦ؾĶȴС׼ˣ
˵ûղ߳Ķȷǵģһǧǰһˣ˵һģĶԱ֮ܿԴһǿԽһˣطģǰǣˣǸˡ
˵⣬ǧ俴һԼŮȻ̾˿˵ΪǵҵʱֻԼŮˣȥ񡣺ڣʲô֪£˳񡣡
һǧǰ
ôڵǸŮ˸Ǹ˵ô
ҲЩӷʵ߸𾳽ǿߣҲһǧǰſʼģ
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ӷЦһʵѵҽĵҲǧǰ˵Ԥԣ
û˵ʱԤԣ˵ǧ֮Ľ죬ػߵĵȫ˻֮ʱ
һԤ֪ǧ֮ˣǻһôĴڣ£ӷֺ
˵˵Ůô뿪İɣһʲô뿪ģΪʲôһҪΪʲôֻһ뿪
ΪǧǰһǸղ߳ıһŮ뿪ıǼ뿪ȴһȱݣҪһǧ뿪һֻһˣһҪһǧ͵ڶˡΪʲôҪˣΪǼ뿪ʱɢǧյ֮⣬ɢģһ˻˵ڣͱɡǧǰˣҲһ˱ɻ˵ķ뿪ȥѰ֮ܽˣ뿪֮󣬻һֻ˵ķʽڡ


1157 Ԥ֪δ
ϵԽԽ֣ԽԽˣһóӷоһ˫۾ʱʱ̶̿ڶԼƵģ˫۾Լȴ޷֣Ӳ֪״治ڣڵĻ˫۾ˣֻ˭
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Ȼôֵ飬ӷȻҪҲʯҲûϵϾؾеգܱԼΪҪҪǸǧǰˣǸȻԤ֪δԤ֪һǧ֮飬ˣһôĽɫ
ȻӷڲỳɵľǱ֮ˣǸ仹δˮ棬Լȴ֪ٷ֮ٵĴڣǧǰؾ֮˾Ͳͬˣ
ǧֹҲûκεκεĲԼĸԼԼһˣҲΪȫ˵ɣԼ֪ˣʱҲһԥĴӦġ
ֻǧֹû뵽ǣǧǰһԤԣȻԼ˳ӷ磬׳֮Ϊػߵ꣬Լľǻͬһˣ
ٴͣһԾûˣǧҲСǿʲôһٴӷеɻҪͬʱҲԼȫ壬һǧ֪Ĵ𰸣ǸԤ֪δˣǺηʥ
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ﲢ󣬴ǧĻóһֻ̣ƵĴС
ӷӹ̣ϸһ£̵֣ʣһԼδģʯͷǽһֲʣǲġ
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ǧĴϵ·£ӷɫԭıԵǰԼǧ׵ľ룬ǰɫԭˡ
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Ȼλǰ֮ǰԤԶû˵ᵽĵˡңʦһе߸ǿߣҲǰԤԵģһŵôһԤԣӦҲġ֮⣬ܣֻǸ޿ӣܰǣɡ
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ָоͿˡ
ô򵥣
ǧǰλǰġ
Ǻðɡ
ӷֱӽָգȴţ£ǧԼйϵѽҲԲйϵȻ飬ɾ͸ˣ
һ룬ָΪʲôָǻΪүүĳƺģҲ˵ָΪҵֻǴԼүүһʼģ֮ǰͲڣԼүүޣǲǧǰͳֹģοǴӻΨһĽǣǧǰǼһ㵽ԼԼүүԼĸףҲӦö㵽ˣȻָڣȫԤ㵱УŻָΪԿף޿ΧˣܱľǱ֮ˣӿ£һ֣㾡Լҵ֮


1158 ޿еķɴ
ָոգĸͼھɢǿҵĹâЩâǵ㣬ļĸͼڵмλãȻмλγһһɫĹ򣬶ڹ֮ڣȻ漣ģһͼӷ罫˫ķǳһգҲգһ£»ʲôƵġ
ڵͼγ֮󣬳ӷģһδһѣڵͼԼϤˣָϵͼû˿Ĳ˵ÿһλãͬģ
̫˼ˣҪָ֪ϵͼǳԶɽԻģһĳң˾ҲܻҲƣʹﲻǵľ硣
ڹڵͼָϵͼûκβģͬһģǳӷǲţȻ鷢
ȳӷ룬ڵͼѾƶ򣬲ҳϷָȥͺñһĲ߻ķᣬӹƶΣȻڽӽָʱʼС󣬾Ȼӡָ֮ϡ
ͬʱָɢһ۵⣬ֱӳɫԭеǸ޿˹ȥھ޿֮ڣͻһɾ޴̼䣬תΪһǿĲʹĳӷĽв
ȫſ£
ӷһץסǧֹصĽƵڵأԼҲ̵ȥǧĸϣӷһʱӦҲǳ죬ȫſڵء
顭
ǰľ޿УһҵһŻ棬ǻɽϣǿĲ˷ɢȥ¡һʹؾȫڲݵϣҲѺۣ
ӷͻȻıըϵĻ棬ԭɫգʱȾ˻ɫ˵Ƭգȼһһ㣬ƣͣĳΧţؾȫһţ
ֻССľȻܱǿҵıըֵǣⱬըǿȴҲڲݵѺۣе㲻ˣⱬը˵٣ܻٵؾѽôֻڲݵѺأ
ѵⱬըҲǧǰǸһ׼ģ˵Ͳúõģը󣬵ȴƵķǳãΪǿȫգȼƬգͲڻؾռˡ
ǿļһȻеһУĹ֮У˸е˼ǣһеһУһǧǰѾԤƺ˵ģ
ӷ翪ʼˣڳӷһУˣԼүүԼĸףԼҲһֱҪԽǣҲû쵽㡣ڣֶһóӷ֮ˣˣǧǰԤƺһеļһ˵ʵҲԲԼүү֮£ǺηʥԲʥΪԱʥǿ֪ٱ
϶쾳磬ѵǴ˵е϶쾳𣬶ңӦû߼֡
϶죬Ⱦˣӷ粻ǲ֪Լүү˵ɣһѾ϶ľ磬Ǹһʥ۷徳ǿߣȴԼүүʱԻС֤һˣ
ڣӷûʱȥҪ쵽Ǹ޿ȥھ޿ڵʲôûʲôǿԽ⿪Լɻġ
ʱ䲻࣬ղɵĶһᾪģŲ֮ļһͻϹ
ӷȻǧǼ䣬ˣԼھ޿ӵĻôҪֹļһ޿ӣ򣬱˵ʦһԶòɣԼҲΣգΪؾôĶǱģһۣӷûκΰգͬһʱ䣬۶Կ
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޿ӳȥ˵޿ӻ治һľ޴Ȳ˵жóӷԾˡ
·˴ԼʮӣʲôûеһǿңѾ޿ĳӷ˵Ҳ𲻵κΰˣǰһƬ֮⣬ʲôûС
·˴Լʮӵӣӷڿһ⣬ԽԽǿңӷ֪ĲԶӦжⶫö룬Ǹǧǰ
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ӷֹͣ·Уͣ˷ɴİ֮ϣķɴоɢóӷоϤʲôط
ʱľظɢ֮Դɴɢͬһޣľظ죬ȴǿǡڰԴڰԪأ


1159 ǧǰ
ɴɢǺڰԴҲһֺڰԪأʱڹʷͥʱӷľظϼʶҲǸʱ򣬲֪ԴߣʵҲΪ֣һǹԴߣһ־ǺڰԴߡ
ڰ֮䣬ʲôа֣֮Դߵʲͬʹǵͬˡ
ڣӷоǺڰԴߣѵ˵ǧǰؾˣһڰԴߣⲢûʲôֵģǹǺڰΪԴߣӷ֪ǣɴΪʲôؾӦ׹ڸڵ
뵽⣬ӷó˽ؾ֮ǰǸǼ飬򿪿һ£صģһЩսʱ飬ֻһҳǼ飬࣬Ҳû̫ϸļأӷҲȥЩˣһûõ飬ֱԱһ
ɴɢǿ󣬵ҲΪ֮ǰǳըĹϵʹķɴ࣬ӷƾƷΪǿԽɴġ
ڳӷҪɴɴڸ鿴һߣܲҳʲôرʱͻȻɴ˱仯
ͬӰеıνհ㣬ҷɴٵ۵ţ˫֮Ǵͷβȫ˱仯ңԭΪľʵķɴҲʼ仯Ϊһ־ʯһˮľʯ
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ӷҲ룬ֱӾʹӿӽڣģȻǲ
ڽں󣬳ӷ緢֣ֻһҰĵطҲ˵һչĵطмλһ˵ƽ̨֮⣬ģʲôûС
䷿Լƽңκһģˮɣмλõƽ̨һڹ⣬ڹֱͨӷǵӣղŴ濴ĺڹ⣬ڹġ
ںڹмλãƯһӣһɫĺӣһһ֮䣬ӷԺĿ
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֮ڣҲΪֻôһӣܣĶͿԽ⿪Լеɻ֪ǧǰǸһܱεķɴǴʲôطġ
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׾õ˺ӣӷ罫Ӵʱ֣ںһ鲼һɫĲ˵һɽ˿ɵĽ˿
˿۵ŵģӷԺĿڽ˿ϣ֣˿򿪣˿ԼжʮĴС֣ңִļ庺ģÿһֶСͼصף١
ӷ翴˿дŵĿͷͱһһģþòƽ
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ӷͷ亹ϳΧ˿ѵ￴ԼûУ˿ô֪Լ˿ڵˣԼҲ̫˵ɣ
ǰصԭλãȻѾȻ˿ȻԼ֣˵˿һǧǰǸԤ֪δļһģȻԤ֪δԤ֪Լؾҵʲôֵġ
뵽⣬ӷ̽˿𣬼дĶ
飬ôͷӦƽӵĵʶСҪӵȣǿɻʮǧˣ٣ӵʮأСӣӿһҲûɡ
ҿʮţһҲ̫˰ɣʲô˼ҫ𣿾ѾҪҫҴ˰ɣҸ㣬һǧʱ䣬ҫƨɡ
Сӣˣ˿ɲǼ˹ĵ顣˵ţֻǸ˵ͬˣڵŮҲ٣йϵģҲˡйһ仰˵δɹ֪ͨŬѽ
ӷƿڴͬ־ɣѾ֪ʲôǸһǧǰϹȻѵԼ治Ǹ
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⣬Ҫ֪ǼһﵽʲôˣӷҲʼ˷ǡ
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Ҳһƪķϻҽܣ̫ʱ䣬ҲûʱҷϻΪһʱ֮ڣ磬ͻɱʱŶûĻǰһˡ
ѾĻϻ⿪ʼѾôˣһ䲻Ƿϻ
ӷ̾˿˵㻹浱ԼǸˣҵ뿴֣ܲŵҡ
˵꣬ӷ˫ۼ¿ȥ
ӵֱȽϳϺӾޣҹ

ӷȻһ£һ˫۾ķǳ󣬿֣֣־ȻǡӾޣҹ
ôܣǵľŹùó˵ʼʣǸ̬ļһüԼȵļһҲкӾްҹǣòͬһ˰ɡ
ûɣҲö룬ΪģġӾǺʼʱ£ǳ汲Ϊʹ޵ǸӾްҹҲΪӵһƣʹǳҴһͳʱΪӵһмƣʱǳȣڣӶúԺǸѽǿǳǵȴڣֻܱŪڹ֮С


1160 ʾ¼֮һ
ճ˵ӾްҹڶʮǰģҶ˳ӷ磬Щӷ仹֪Ҳ֪ľǱ֮˾ǸѹԼҵŮˣЩڵ֮ˣ
һ˵Ƕʮǰĵ򣬵Ӿްҹţ֤ǧǰѾ˵򣬲ҲúһУӷĳ֣ҲԤƵУ˵ǿ󣬵һôĵزӷ绹Բ룡
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Ž˿дһУӷѾʼŭˣӾްҹ쵰ùԼȣóǸŮˣԼҵȣ˵һеĺôȫһãڣֽЩ˵˵ƵᣬһǳͨƵģҶ˵ˬָ֮࣬һ£
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СӽһСˬһ£ΪһΨһһ£ʱǰˣһǰһǧ꣬ʵǧǱһʧѽҲһ֪ӷźʼʲɣܵʲôʵܼ򵥣ȻһǧǰһУСйأôĿģȻҲΪСӣû뵽;˵ҲʧһʣܱѽܱʣһεİܱʣͺӵһӢ󣬾ȻҪ
˿дһĸ̾ţӣӾްҹӦһǳҪ飬˵ҪûסⲢΪΣ
һЩСڻӦ֪飬ӾȲ˵ˣպȻ׵ġһеΨһһΰܱʣΪСģȻͲСкӹСҲǼȷŭʱˡ
ӾްҹʱдʱһǴĵ﷢ˬĴЦ㵥ƾд˴ıʷܿ
ӷҲ֪һЩʲôԼЩʲô˳ģ
ʵأССʱ飬ȻҲ㵽ˣңһǿݺļ壬ҲΨһɻĴڣڳãͱ˸͵ˡСӿǧᣬЩ£ɲӰŵģСҲ֪еԭӾͲ˵һˡС䱻͵ߣϾСǱסˣʵأ㵱ʱ͵ɱ֣ҲɱģʱϵҪɱ㣬ҲˣΪʲôأΪǲġ㵽˹¶Ժ֮ԭǺܺõģӾǿߣСӺʧһΣҲҪСʹһʱ䣬׼ȷ˵Ӧʹʮʱɡ
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ӷһתʮ꣬ʮ꣬ҲǶʮ꣬պʮ꣬Ǿǡ

ӷһ֣˿ϼдӾ֪СѾµˡµûСʮʹ࣬еģСΪһĸף岻ܻֻСӵڣһڰԪأҽСӵеĳѪʹСʹʮꡣ
ӷ罫˿ڵϣݺݵĲϼţ̲סƿڴݣӾްҹʲô˼ֲʶ㣬ѾıôãʲôطˣȻӡСñӼȻӲһСӾͲгӷ硣
ӷҲһӣһӵԳˣⲻֳܹӷ磬ˣҲ˷ŭġ
֪СӻϽģѲ֪ΪʲôҪʵĿȥ
ݺݿŵϵĽ˿ӷ̲סڶμˣѵҪΪŭ
СӣʵҲҪôӣΪպС֪еһк󣬾ͻڽĺˡСһںݺݵ˵ڣҿܻǾԲܡûӦõģƬ֮е飬ģ֪ôһ㣬㲻֪ģ˵֪飬ء֮㣬ֻСǿһһĽǿߵľ磬СӾʸһսˡҲСӻʣȻһսǿֱȥǸǿĸףʵ˵ҲȷһսĻһ嶼ûˣҲΪʲôİţеĲȫܿǸǿ׵ԭ򣡡
Ŀģ˭ǿ߻ߣÿһ£ĿĴڣͬӵĿġӱϿ˵СӻһǶȥӲûк㣬ûк֮ģ򣬾ͲҪѪСڹһڰԪأСʹʮˣңʮ꣬ɽеʱҲȫֹȴû֮СһǿѪѣ𾳽磬óУҲûֹ㣬ûиСκεвΪʲôܼ򵥣ΪСڰǧǰԤƣһĳɳ
֮ǰ˵ĿģûСӵĳɳСӵǿ󣬾ӵĿģҲһĿĶѣյĿʲôڻܸ㣬СҲûʸ֪ԵһǣСӵΪӵҪʱӻ֣Сһս֮ǰСӲҪȥӣҲ԰ٷ֮һڵı֤㣬ˣĸڣҵĵӵģ
죬ǵĳμɣȻֵֻķʽСĿǰΪ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
μ棿Ѿĺӱħʮ꣬ѵѾøϿڻ򲻹㣬ҲҪÿ
ӷдǽ˿дģûпꡣ
Сӣھ͸Ӷ֣ЦСΪгѪв񷶦Ϳһսڵ㣬ӵųѪ񷶦Ҳ첻ء

쵰Ȼ񷶦֪
Ҫô֣СΪãŵõ񷶦Ӹɣӵ꽫񷶦뻷֮ڣҲͲתת䵽Сˣǧǰ磬˵ʱӵŲ񷶦ɣ֮ƺһУò񷶦еһ㸸֮Ҳܵõ񷶦
ɣ񷶦еһ֣Ǿǣû뵽ԼĸףҲһ֮ڣ
СҲö룬񷶦ɲӵģһӶ޷µشڡСӣúò񷶦ɣΪСӵĿѣŸոտʼ֮ӻһϵе鷳㣬㽫Щ鷳һһͨˣӾͻġ
һϵе鷳˵һϵеĵ˰ɣ쵰ѽ
ˮ㣬ÿһ㣬Ӷһţÿһţ⿪Сһֵɻ󣬵Сܵһʱ֪һˣʲôʱܴ򿪣ҪΪˡС뿪֮󣬻ԶʧСӵΪһ֮󣬾ͻԶǰСһ仰
ӷ翴˿һ֣дţ֮Ѫ֮֮֮꣬
˿ΪӾްҹʾ¼֮һ

˿ͻȻŻȼӷ̽˿֣һ̣˿ѾΪ˻ҽ
ͬʱ棬һ¡¡𶯣ƴɱ
磬ɱˣ


1161 ɱ
طӷνᣬΪ̫ܣҲмǲ㣬ͿԽ⿪кܶ⣬ӾްҹôĻǧ£ĿʲôˣʲôطЩӷ綼֪ҲҪΪȻӾްҹ˵񷶦һ޷µشڣǽŲ񷶦ܴ򿪵ڶţõӾްҹڵڶ㣬š
ĶѾ֤֮ǰľ޴ըѾ磬ѾˣϾؾϢ֮أǶ绹磬ʲôλϵ񣬶Ĺ֮зκģԲ
޿֮ǰӷ罻ǧǵĸϣһļһﵽһҪ뾡һа취һдֹǽ޿ӣ޿ΧѾڲǳӷ磬ֻҪΪ𾳽ǿߣԽ޿ӵģеÿһΪѾ𾳽硣
ƴɱѾ˵ʦһ壬ڸ糹׷ˣмҵսֹǽ޿ӣͬʱҲΪɶս
ⳡսʵʦһϣһǧǰӾްҹԤ֮ʦһǸʱϵһսǲɱģΪ֮ǰһǧ꣬ڴûеһֱţڲͬˣȻӾްҹԤԵѾؾʦһ廹ʲô첻սʱ
ʦһУֻ߸𾳽ǿߣÿһ˵ΪҲᳬƷ˵ȵԿ˵ǾԵķɶ˻ȡ
ΪʦһǿؾػߣǶؾеһΪ˽ģֻǣõģõģػЩȥ֮ĻˣܴܲﵽЧ˭Ҳܿ϶ļһðգЩ󻹵òƽԣʱǲϾɱģǵĿģֻ֪ղǳըԭ򣬶ȻѾ˾޿ߣǾ˵ļһѾҵԭڣֻҪʦһ岻ƴҲһֵġ
ӷ֪£ʦһ֪Ķ֣ΪǵҲὫԼһµģֻҪܽеĺӣŮǵõɣԼˣҲ԰ϢˣͶԵԼˣ
ӷ翴һˮңź飬ǵӣڿӴӷ΢΢ֹͣһ£˵ӾްҹжôǿҲĿʲôҳӷ磬ԲΪеġҪҵһҪҰİȥߣ̣Ǵˡһ죬һὫģҲãڻطҲգҳӷҳȵ巢ģɱӾްҹҳӷĲΪˡ
ӷɳˮ׵ľ룬ˮӾްҹڽ˿˵һֱʧˣһۼҲʣ
ʧٳ֡´γʱһҪţȫõ֣ҪΪӾްҹŪڹ֮С
ӷЩӾްҹҲҲĵҲھھ޿ĳڰĽ䣬Ŀųӷ磬ӷȴٽһӾްҹˣȻѾңҿ־ûõģֻȥ㣬л㣬Ҫ㣬һҪҳȵδ쵽飬ҳӷɰɣһΣ㣬Ԥ֪δûˣΪҡӲ
޿ӵı֮ϣ߸ԼʮͷĴ󺺣׵֮࣬ʦһ壬ҪʮңУһѾɢȥ֮УѾָԭɫ֮ϣĴۣ˹ֳۣÿһһֻޣÿһֻޣӵž޴
ʦһ壬ٷֹͣⳡζսǣһôûС
ǧĸϣ֮ϵۣ£Ѿûǰη塣
ô꣬죬ʱˡǶ磬磬񣬻ˣҲ޷ȫ˵ˡҪɣӽ쿪ʼҲΪɶս
Уһϵǧ䣬ôĵӣȻΪС
˵ģǶʴۡ
񣿺Ϊȫ˵УǣǶħӦ˵ȶħӶħǲΪ񡣡
磬ƹӵСһССʦһ壬ȻҲ˵˵ȴ󻰣ʵڿЦǿһػĹۣ꣬ͽǸˡ
ʴۣǰȫΪԱȻΪУΪǵҲһս
ȻˣǻҵȻ磬ܳͷ
ͷǰһˡǰ磬ΪǵҲΪǵ
ǣƾʲô
ƾĸ֡
ЦЦĸ֣͸ΪУĸ֣
ǧ󺰵󣬵أʣߡ
ۻߣЦ粻ϵĻߣʸԳΪ𣿡
ڴʱһ޴ӰӾ޿д
˵ĴػߣҪϿɣ磬Ҳûʸ񡣡

һ⣬Ӿ޿гϣдЩǿҵѪ⣬ֹâĽϣ߱˾춯صʹľ޿ӱ񣬸ʦһ߸ǿߣȫɢȥ
ֱʣĿ꣬ʴۡ
ʴһ䣬ųǿ⣬оǿӵеû֮ԴšҵʣСģǳӷ硣


1162 
磬Ծ㹻ƹ磬ϻ£˵㣬ǾʹһУƹһеͬʱҲѭȴ֪磬ǴʲôʱʼģǴʲôʱġ
ǶʢӻϵÿһÿһУһţԼڵ罨һӴԸΪ𣬳֮Ϊ񣬵ÿһߣȴÿϵѡģĵһߣΪ̹ţ̹֮£з˵ȵȵļߴڣ
ǵһε̹ţķˣŮЩȫɳѡģҲȫɳӷѡġ
ԭ˵ÿһϵѡÿһʱҪǱ߻㱨õ˺ܽѡһˣû֮ǰǲøġǣڵĳѾ˺ԳһҲ˵ʢӣɳҶȥ˭Ҳֻ֣Ҫһ仰磬Ϳ̻һߣһˣֻ᲻ǰһڣ߸ϵĴڣͺ˵ˡɳҲû֪ڵѾʼˣڵЩѾ֪ҲǵˣǳԶɽǳۣȥȥǣԭܼ򵥣磬Ϊӷĵˣʹĳӷٵĳɳ
ʵڣߣûгֹûֻΪԶʱڶʢеңʹþеǬӡҲþеһӡǬŸӡڣûлָڳ˯СҲΪˣҿĹϣǳ˯ʱ䣬ûи˵Ĵ㣬ˣ񣬾ԶŴŮ洡
ҲΪŮ洵ľ˳˯УҲû˭ԹˣʱţڷΪϵһǶ磬һ磬磬Ҳ˸ԵۣǴǸʱʼУ˶֣֮
еȻ֪Ҳλ֮ϵӣȻҲͲὫӷλһˣǲҪþһֶΣһд۵ɱӷ֮⣬ҲѾΪԼ˺·һǱһŭ֮ҪԼ磬ǾǬ֣ͬԸҡ
ڶʮǰɱ磬еԭǳֵµһܵ类ѹһǳΪ³ͷɱ磬ʱ֮ͲΪ³ͷҪЩ֪˭ӵļһףϣ磬ΪǿĴڣ˵ЩһͲ˭ǿ˭ʵߣ񡣵۶ʮǰҲɱһˣûиЩһĴڣĿǸ񣬶Լҵ£ҲǳԶɽ˼ԺͬʱߣҲӡ
ڣǳʲô˵ҲѾʼˣȻҪңȻҪȥƽˣǳһļ̳ˡ
ֱʣУһɾҵıըɱըû֮ǰһıըǿҲеĳɫըɢ˿
¡һ˷ɢȥرʴۣΪɳеĿ꣬
ۺĸоϤڳҵ˵ԶɽǾԲܳؾģҲѲмԼ綯֣ô˳Զɽ֮⣬һˣӵųҵ
ӷ磬Ȼܵؾˣ
ڵӷֺʴ۾Ѿŭ˼㡣

һЦ쳹ʣӷмλãΧԼΪʦһˣġ
ʴۣɱˣˣȵģҵĵˣˣһû㣬㵹ãھȻܵط
ӷ˵ģȻ裬ҲǷ޼ˣһڹһ壬ճµģʴۡ
طȻ˵Ϣ֮ǹطҲ̫֪ߵغ˰ɡ
֪ߵغӦЩνŶԡڣǸǰһˡ
ӷ磬ǻĲͷˡ½ǳ۷֮սʱȡȻ쵨ؾĹҲͲõ۷֮սˣ۽㡣
ɣѵһ㲻ɡ
ʴǰ˵ʣȲҪ嶯֮ǰļƻ½۷֮ս϶֣ǰˣ»鷳
鷳˵鷳ǳҪ£Ҳ˵ŮķӡǬϡ
ҪǬ϶ԿңҲʱҪ֪ŮϾҪˣܶ飬ǻҪķּ
죬ۿǴ˽İɣӷĴߣѵΪ£һٵֹ𣿡
ʣ⻰ʲô˼ѵۻΪһ֮˽¸ֻ۾á
ʲô˵ˣҪΪС飬Ҳδػ顣
ӷ۵ĶԻɵĴЦһ˵ۣǵϴҾѾ˵ټʱǵзѡգҲη磬Ҫ־ͷɣ˵ϻ
̾˿˵һ˽Ķûǲܵģô˵ӷ統ʱҲԼĴߣڲмˣԼһѧӷѾãһӷˣҪҵڶԽľۻʾɵˣɺñȺ룬̫ѣʵڲ뿴ųӷֲܾȳӷ磡
ӷ磬ʦͽ֮飬ô˵Ҳѧ˱ȫ׵ľۻʾһˣǡ
ûûľۻʾǰҾѾˣҲΪĹϵŸıҵһȻһѾıһˣ;ԲκˣκıڶΡ죬ҾǼʶһ£ʲôЩν֪˭Ǹ֪ߵغļһ
ҪԱʵȥս񣬳ӷֲɵǵȲܵȥӷ˲ͬԴ˵Σǿߣкüʥǿ棬ͺñһѵĿԣԳӷѧ޷ЩϵĿȫȻˣǾֻˡ
ٵ꣬
񷶦
Ԫ񣬳
Ԫ񽻻ؾ䣬ƸǶ
һ̿ʼʦһˣд


1163 ˯֮
ؾһУȻı仯ڣҲƳģͺñһԳ㣬ֻҪϵͳ⣬ؾеһУȻҲ⣬껹꣬һеһУš
ڣؾеȻ仯ĳԾɫƣѾΪ˺ɫδ¹УѾ˵ףۿһϯ֮ǰ紵ؾеһȴһƬԭϵо飬ȫͻı仯ŵĴܣݵϵɫҲȫ׵磬ɫԭؾеÿһݵء
ʦһˣǧ£ȫɢ˿ǿ׵׵ϮȫۼһĻǻôĺÿһ˶֪ǧҲ벻궼ؾ֮УȻ̼䷢飬ѵڳӷ𣿰˵̫ѽǧǰǸһԤԴ֮ǵľѣҲǿҲǿ˵ĵزѽѾǿˣֱͳŻص
˿ǿ
ǧʵŮǧֹҲѾþû˽ԼˣڻеİĸоǧֹҲ֪һսǾԼȫδһսôҪԼȥԼҲԲġ
ʵӷ㣬ǧֹ治֪Ȳ˵ųӷʱ䲻ãҲֻһսʱſʼģʶӷȽϳõǼδ֪ӷʲôط
ף治֪Ҷġ֮ڿԴ漣ƥУǾҪġ
ǧ̾˿˵ҲǶûģֻǵģĹǱߡ
ǧɫҪѿжѿĸվһҲһĳɫ
ףѵڣǻҪȥЩĹ𣡶Ѿ緭ˣһĹ˾ͻ˰ɡ
ǧ˵ĹԻ٣ȫˣȫҲֻˡĹУһǲܳģһ⣬ǡ
ǧûн˵꣬ǧֹȴ·Ӹ׵ʲôƵģʵףѵĹС
ǧ˵ͷ˵µû£ҸĴҲǰò֪ġʱΪؾгһ⣬ؾܣؾоסôã汲סҲظɱˣ
ǧֹɫҲǱļΪѿ˵ģǽӷҪԵģɾͲѾЩˣһ۸ӿµĴڣ
ԭô꣬ȫػģЩȥ񣬶һˣɵһԡ
˿Ҫ˵ôˣ߳ӣĹǱ߲ܶĴ֣ǿ綼޷ƥеģ
Ĵ
˭ѽ
ǧĴϣǧֹ໥һۣǧֹԥƬ̣Ҫȥ߳ӷʱȴ֣ӷѾʧ֮УӰӶˣ
ʴ۸Ҫӷɱ֣۾Ҫ³ӷһҲǰ첻ģԼΪۣܲΪһӷ磬緭ɡ
Ǳߣ˹һ˫۾ΧɨţʥΪȻҲҲӷӰˣ
Сӣȥˣ
˹һ˵˹ۣؾôᷢı仯
ҲǺ˵ؾ統ʱƳģ֮ǰĴƳģӦòܷı仯Ķѽѵʲôر鷢ѵǡ
˹´󾪣Ҳ˵ʲôһʴߡ
λ˵ͻ䣬ѵŮҪ𣿡
Ů
磬ԭһģֻǺһЩʹһΪô֣ЩһﶼǣǿǸ˭
˵ӣزסˣ
ﱻΪؾָģڱһܣһй©˳ȥΣ˭ҲеǶ֮ӷĳ֣綼ҷִ磬ҲǬϵģһŮˣǵʱһģڵòǬңͲܶԸ˵ˣ
ۣȲҪ̫࣬ܣĸڳ⣬һŮҪˡ
Щһûȥ룬ؾеı仯ǳӷģǽı仯ȫ鹦λŮҲ׵ȥˡҲܹĵط룬ϾӷճΪԴ߲ã츳ٸߣһ֮ھ͵Ʒľ磬仯ԲһƷǿͳģ
ԣؾϢ֮أʵЩνĹֻǸӰˣܣŮ洵ĳ˯֮ѹŮ派ͺѾƵģ˻񣬶֪ʲôطҲֻеļ۲֪ңҲÿһģԭŮ洣ؾ֮С
Ӿްҹһǧǰ磬ѡؾŮںӾްҹ֮ǰ꣬Ѿ˯ˣԺӾްҹʵ˵֪ܲﻹ˯ŵѽΪʲôڵһûᵽҲûκεԤԣ£ǧǣǰòŲ뵽ģ
ʲôطһвͱض⣬ӣŮ洵ϣӦûᷢʲô顣
ȲҪ˵Ůˣӷ磬ȥˣ
ʴڷӦ˹ӷղһʧҲû֣

ͻأһЦ·Ǵؾеÿһ䴫Ƶģޱǿ
ⲻܣ
۴󾪲ԣһЦѾԼЩηˣɼЦˣԼ֮ѽ
ǲǳӷ磡
ûȷǳӷ硣˳ӷ֮⣬ѵѵӷ绹˰ǰ𣿡
֣ҵǿߣ
ܣгҵǿǰ֮ǰһûУǴǳԶɽۣ߳Բǡ
ȻǳҵǿߣǴ˵ǡ
˵ǰʱ㱨飬Ƕǵİɣ
˵ٱ֮£˹ʵ
ûۻɣˣٵǿߡ
Ǳۻʶһ£ӷ米̣ǿһôĵز
䣬ʴһŭǺη

һ׵£漴ؾУͬʱ׵硣
Ϊǿһ׵УһӰӰ֮󣬷һۣȫɢǿ֮Դĳǿߣ


1164 ʧ
Ž׵Ľ٣ǿߣٴγ֣ӷ磬Ȼϰ취Ҳİ취˽֮ڣʹκˣκ񣬶֮µĿ
ǿ֮Դ˵ؾ˿̣˵ǧˣļۣڸо˵֮Ҳţ̫ǿǿ󵽾㼸۶Ѿʥ磬Ҳ˿Ϊǲܿ϶صĽǿӵеǸԼͬľ磬ǱԼҪߣϾǿ֮Դһʥǿߣ㵽ʥ۷ľ磬Ҫô̵ʱھۼǿ֮ԴҲ򲻿ܣ⼸֪鵱У˵ȵǿߣϣû
ۣǻ֮ǿߵӷ򲻻ᶯýԪģΪҪԪΪ֮ãҪðű֮ԴɵΣ֮⣬ÿһʹýԪ񣬽ԪҪһʱȴʱ֮ڣӷ޷ȥʹõģϾŴԪĿǰҲֻһ˸òˡ
ˣһ֮ڣòˣ¸µ׵۷֮սӷҪеǿߣǸʱҲֻв񷶦ڵĽԪ񣬲ǳӷ̡Ҳ˵춯˽Ԫ񣬾ֱӰ۷֮սеʹȨ
ɼȻǴӦǧֹȫ˻ɣǳӷһҪֱµ۷֮սΣգ˵ڵĻһҪ쵽
ǧֹȫȥǲ֣ͣԽǿǿѾӷˣ˭ܿ϶ǿߣǵлѡ
磬е۵Ĵ֮£Ѿӭս׼ͬʱۣҲ룬룬Ԫ񣬵ǲ˵Ǹ˺ٵǿߣӷ米̣ŮѾˣ
ǿˣǵлѣʴʵ
˵˾ԲŮƾղŵЦͿԿ϶Ǹеġ
ѽɵʽ⻹ʣŮŮˣŮ񣬶ȴǸԵˣҪ˽ǿ߸ŮȥϹϵĻЩν۶ɵӣ
ȻŮǺȻˣ˵ģӷ米ˡ
ʴЦʲôƨ̣ۿˣǳۣװŪΪһΪΣͿԻһĶ浱綼ǳصˡ
ʴ˵̷꣬ǰһξ룬һָϷĽǿߣ˵ۣװˣҪ뿪ס㣬ֺοֻ
ǿһЦ˵ۣѵЩνһ֮⣬ûǿ𣿹ЦЦ
ǿһЦ˵ҲܹЩ뵱걾ưʱûЩСĴڡ
꣬ưأûЩСĴڣ仰ʲô˼
ǰʵѵ¸磬ʲôԨԴɣ
ЩС񣬻ûʸ֪ݣ˵ǣ̹ţˣŮ洣ҲǸƽƽĽɫˣ
ӷɲ˵̹ǱԼҪСĴڣĻ̫ˣҲš˵ֻֻЩһ֪ԼǵĳԼǰñһЩһҪӲƴһĻȲ˵磬֣һԪܲռ˿ˣʱϣԼҲǶסģԣӷ粢û֮ƴĴ㣬ҪƴҲڣֻҪȫŻߣͺˡ
ս֮Ϊ֮ߣǰǣҪɫõ֪ԼʵǲſԽһҲκε
⣬ӷ绹Ҫǵµ׵۷֮սô˵Ԫµòˣڽ۶Ļµ׵۷֮սУ٣۲֣Ҳˡ
ҪʲôܸһأԴƻУô˵ĿǰӷԴ۵ĵزǿԴԼĿǰΪòԣֻһ취ȥǾǡһ󣬽񷶦յ֮Դȫһļ󣬵Ҫ󣬳ӷҲҪ޴ĴۣΪҪԽʥ۷徳ģҲ˵Ҫﴫ˵е϶쾳磬ԳӷڵΪļ󣬿֪Ĵۣж
ӷҲܲôˣĻһǱסʦһ壬ǣԼҲס
ƴһѰɣһΣԺ󣬾ͬʱ۷ͻ٣ԼʵΪδʥ֮ǰǷͻ
˹ۣۣȫʴߣۣһҲûһ˫ϵ۾ĶŽǿߣҲǳ˺ܴʡ
ԣʴĲԣˣԲǳۣԭܼ򵥣Գ۵Ŀ˵ǾƲмӵģҪȣҲֱӽһ룬ǹ˶ʮʱ䣬ĳѾΪ˸ˣľȻҲʱҪ࣬Щ£Щ˵ԸԶıġ
Ȼ˲ǳۣǾ͸ӲǳԶɽȻǻ˭أ
ۿ˵ʴҪĶ࣬飬ҲʴҪĶ࣬ʴǰ㣬ΪԼۣ޵ˣǶʮǰ۴Եδ۲ͬȥ롣
ѵϣ˳֮⣬Ů֮⣬ĳȻǿߴǴ˾Ȼô겻Լ磬֪˵ĴڣΪ˳ӷ磬ȴѡǿķӷ֮䣬ֵʲôϵˣֻ᲻ǳ˳֮⣬ӷΪǿ̣
۵Щ뷨ɲӰڵĳӷ磬ӷҲûʱ˷ѣҪ죬Щһȫߡ
ǿ֮ԴԽԽ࣬ȫۼ˽ԪΧؾҲΪǿ֮ԴĹϵ˾޴𶯣޴𶯲ͬʱɫԭǱߣҲĹ֮أͬʱҲɢһǿ󵽿µͬҲ֮Դ֮ԴȴǴӲ񷶦ɢģӲڳӷģǣˣɢġ
ǿ֮Դ໥ײţӷò񷶦ɢ֮ԴٵĽһ֮ԴѹסˣҲΪˣӷ󲿷ֵ֮ԴȫۼĹǱߣʹĳӷһʱ̣޷ۼĹǱߵ֮Դջ
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ʱͻأĹĲݵϣһѺۣ⣬ѺгϣۼǱߵ֮ԴȻԶݵϵѺ۳ȥ˵չ˹ơ
һĻӷ󾪣ĵã֮Դôʧȥ˿ƣѵѾʼ𣿲ѽԶչģӦòҪңһҾû㹻֮ԴȥŻЩļһˣ


1165 ѱ䣬Ů
֮ǰľ񶼴ţǿصǿߣҲʹ۶ڣѵǷˮתֵӷ羪ŵʱ飬ȴҪࡣ
񷶦ɢ֮ԴȻɿƵģȫĹǱչ˹ƣһǴ󲿷ֵ֮ԴȫۼĹǱߣǿ֮Դ˵ԽؾȫˣͬʱӷߵС֮ԴҲ𲻵κεˡ
񷶦Ԫ񣬾ΪŻЩһڵã鶼ûпʼ֮ԴǻһƵģͲݳӷȥƣȫʧصĳĹǱ߳˹ȥ
ѵ˵ĹǱߣʲôǿǿߴڲɣ֮ԴǾԲᷢ˵תġ
ΪҪǣӷڲ֮ܿԴͬʱȻҪǿ֮ڲǲܽǿ֮Դȥһ֮Դܵʱһӷͬᱻɵġ
ô죿Ҫ취֮Դջز񷶦ȻѾΪԼˣžǸԼЦ
һ룬Ȼ֮Դı仯ĹǱߣһǳԼ벻ǿˣѵǺӾްҹⲻ̫ܣǺӾްҹ̫˵㣬ʲôԤԸţ˳Ƕһ
ӷڼӿ죬ڿٵתţҲѾڳǿͬʱʶͷ˳ȥҪʶȥ鿴һĹǱ߾ʲô¡
ǳӷ磬ڷĹǱ˱仯һɱȳӷӳԾ
ƬɫԭϵĹȻֻǸӣڻ֮£ȴܣţ˵ܰɣΪǸط˯ΪǿĴҲߣ
ѲɣŮҪ𣬸ղǿ߽Ȼ֮ͬԴӴѵŮɢǶ˵Ǻ£ǻ¡
ȻǳŮ˵ʵһ֮⣬ߵۣǱߵ˹ۣŮʱѹϾѾǬֵģŮ洸ǬУԶʱڣŮ洣Ǭͨڸӡģɼ֮䣬˵Ů洸ǬǬŶĳԹ
ʵЩһﲢ֪ԶʱŮ֮ԻľһӡǬ֮ţԼ˯ʱ䣬Ƕǵõ˳ҵ
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ɫԭϵѺѾԽԽˣҲԽԽˣѺ֮ڣ⣬ͬʱӷ֮ԴҲȫѺڳѺ֮ڣ˵Ĺĵص£һǿıը
ǿıըֱؾʹؾʼҡҡ׹Ƭԭϣͬʱ˾޴ѺۣڰɫԭϵǸ޿ӣҲˣȫݣؾе־飬ʣǲû̫ңûи֮ǰӷ֮Դţһǳ򶨵ӣ֮УڵȴʲôƵġ
ȵҽѺð˳ؾǽڵ֮еģҽĳ֣Ҳ˵ؾѾ춥סˣҽʼƬʱҲƬصĩա
ǧĸȫҰȫĵطڵѾϣ벻ĹǱ߻ᷢ飡
ףǲŮ洣Ҫˣ
ǧֹѾµ˽Ҫʲô¡
ǧصĵ˵ͷ̾˿˵Ůһѣȫ˵Ǹѽ˿ȲҪǣӻ֪⵽׷ʲô£ȥҵŮ洼ѵ
ǧֹӦһڣԼȥҳӷѽӷ綼Ѿʧˡ
ûİ취룬ǧֹֻѡ񳯽ǿǱ߷ȥܲ⵽һʲôλϵǿߣ٣ӦǳӷԸĸ֣
˵󲿷ֵ֮ԴȫۼĹǱߣڳӷ֮ԴҲǧֹܿġ
޷ǿߵ£ǧֹֻܴеǰҾʲôط
һתӷҲǧֹ֪ԼȻǧֹܹһʲô¡
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ǧֹ˵ϻֱ˵ǰתҾؾͻ䣬ΪŮ洣ˡ
ʲôŮ洣
ûʵŮһֱ˯ؾ֮УҲ˵ǳ˯Ĺ֮С֮ǰ汲ػģͲЩȥĹһŮ洴ѡڣĹǱͻ䣬ӦþŮ洴񼴽ѵסǰһҾǸô
ô
˵ʵӷԼ֪ô
ۣýԪݣ񷶦ӦԽǸŻסڣŮ派ȻҪˣңؾ֮УԳӷĿǰΪ˵ô޴֮ԴѾѵˣҪոĻǵڶԪѣԪ϶Ϊһܰĵ飡
Ůѣؼ䣬ֽһҪ֪Ů洴񣬲ĵһǿߣ
ʱ򣬳ӷͻȻ˺ӾްҹдӷѹأѵŮ洡ԣŮ洣ӦԼҵ²ŶѽôܻǺӾްҹԸԼģǺӾްҹһǧǰأΪʲôûŮ派ͳ˯ʵ˵˵һŮ洣һٸŮ洣Ҳвһֻֻ
顭
ٸͲݳӷ룬ǱߵıըױƬĹΪ˻ҽһУŮ洵ɵģǣӷɵġ
¡һڱը󣬲ǳӷ磬ʦһ壬ļһȫͬһĻ
һ򣬴ӱը𣬽뿪˱ըỤ̃Ư֮С
ͬʱ־飬ҲȫۼΧǣͺػǸƵģÿһ־ȫΪһ壬о飬γ޴ľ顣
Ϊ˼ǣڣȻһˣһŮˣһϼµŮˣ֮ڣΧţ˵Ǳš
ĳ˯ѣֻ̼¡
ڵŮĽ۾񣬰ڣȫɰ֮УͬӭŮع顣


1166 ֮VS֮ĸ
Ů洵Ĵ˵Թžʹڣй˵ֻҪǳˣ˵Ů洲Ĺ£һ񻰹£ԿѧΪϼûʲôˣһ񻰹¼ȻƾضڵļֵֵʲôҲֻҪˣúðҰɣ򣬾ͻ֣춼һѺʱҾͲɼˣ࣬ϵһУ
ǰĳӷ磬ͲνһԵߣڵĳӷȻѾۼЩ񣬿ɱϾݵλͬˣȻ㹻ʱλЩ֮ϣֺαؽǵһأ
Ů洣ӷ̵ӡ󣬲Ĵ˵Ҳ˵ǲĴ˵νĲ죬ֻǺľһеԶʱڣӡסǬڰˡ
ӷ绹ļǵģʱ˵ʱŮ洣ޱȵľ壬źӷ֪ԽԽ࣬Ů񣬶ҲǵͷģҲԶʱһôĴڣôĵλ٣Լҵĺ£һУΪԼԶʱƽʢӵңʹĳ˯֮á
£Ů洸ɾڳӷǰѹǳӷһὫ̴سңֻߣŮѣǱߣ϶Ҳһʱ֪ӷΪҵļ̳ˣŮ洵ͲҪ˵ʲôֻҪԼݣλ˵еĴ񣬵ߣҪԼ¹
Ůȴѵģӷûκθ˵ĴˣΪĹϵǺӾްҹĹϵ
Ȼӷ粻ԼģʵȴԼǰŮ洳˯꣬һֱؾ֮ڣӾްҹȴǧǰģؾģԺĽͣӾްҹ֪ܲؾг˯ŵϵһ񣬼Ȼ֪ΪʲôûԤԣԣӾްҹһŮ洵ϣʲôֽţҲΪʲôӾްҹűʾӷ˲ѹ֮ʡ
ȲܺӾްҹŮ洵϶ʲôֽţϾŮĿǰǿ󣬵λߵĴѣʹʴĸ˹ۣӣرڼϼ£֮ڵŮӺۣȫڰ֮УŮ洵£
ڼԼ۶ҪǸڵŮ¹򣬶Ҳţʹڳ¶Ȼһ
ŮȻŮλ˵Уλ֮ϵĴôؾ֮У
統꽨ؾԭ򣬾ػ˯еŮ洣£֮⣬ûʸ֪ģֱڣܶ񣬲ŴӼ۵ľٶвŮӣŮˡ
Сʴۡ
Сۡ
Сۡ
Сִۡ
С˹ۡ
۵ȶ򣬵ͷͬ񣬹ӭŮعء
ڵŮ洣Ѿ۾ͬʱҲڽʧŮ洵壬ŵƣ
ϼ£ͷڣȫɢɫĹâͣڶʮңʣ£κһŮ֮òȴ޷ֱòʲôϾ紫˵ǰ㣬࣬ŮͳģŮ洵ĳƺʲô֮ĸЩֻǴ˵ˣʵ֮ĸĳƺȴʵģŮΪ磬ΪƬأ˯꣬ȻԴ࣬Ǽ̹Ÿ֪֮ģΨһһܴĴҲΪˣòǧ򻯣Ա仯Ϊκһ˵ӣŮ٣Ϊ仯
ؽ֮ڵĳӷ磬ΪŮ洵ĳ֣֮Դǿ󣬵ڣΪ֮ԴѾٵľۼԼߣͬʱɵҲѾʼˣóӷϽǿ֮Դջز񷶦ǲҪЩ֣ҲҪŮ洵ǵлѣ񷶦ն֮ԴԼ
뵽⣬ӷ֮Դջ˲񷶦ͬʱҲѾȥ˽Ԫ˲ʧ֮УԱ̼֡
ο̫˷ˣôĶȴһЧû˷һνԪĻᣡ
Ů洡
ӷ籾֣ʦһˣȫˣǧֹеŮӾǴ˵еŮһģڸô죿
ӷҲǿЦԼܶýԪĻǲҪκεĵģ޷ýԪ֮£Ͳܽ񷶦յ֮ԴȫԪ񷶦Ϊһ壬ڲܶýԪ񣬾Ͳܽ񷶦Ϊ֮ãԼΪǷƿȭǵһصƿȭܽе𣿺ԣǾԲܵģ
СǿʱǱôˣҲֻǸտӰˣӷھһԼǸտӵ뷨ɾǿտӣҪԵģҪԣӻƣᱻ٣ʣӷʲôʱ

ͻأеŮ洣ȫɢĹâɫĹâ˱仯Ӳɫʱ䣬Ϊ˺ɫŮϼ£Ҳ漴Ϊ˺ɫǴɫģԭ͸ʶĿĴһ˵е񣬾Ȼʱ򣬱仯Ϊһ𡭡ħ񣡲Ůϵı仯ı仯˵ѾǴ˵еĴˣǱ仯Ϊһħ
ǿĺڹסؾǿȵʱڹҲڹԴߵĹԪأڣԪأȻ漣ģתΪ˺ڰԪأһڰԴߣһޱǿĺڰԴߣ
ӷޱ䣬˵ҲµĹȻûĺӾްҹȻǧǰѾ˯еŮ洸ıΪ˺ڰԴߣǷɴͬģŮ߱ͲԼˣӵеģǺӾްҹ֮Ů洣ѾΪ˺ӾްҹĴˣ
ӷ绰䣬ŮѾЦЦᵽأ쳹ؾ
֮ĸط˼䡣ɴ
ؾУϵĻصţͬʱؾеĺüУҲһѺۣŮ洵Ϊһֹ٣еЩѺУ˳ȥ
ãŮ洵ѾؾȱڣղŵǾ仰ᴫÿһ䣬佫֪Ů֮£
ǧɫأᷢʲô£ӷλػߣŮλ֮ĸǷܱסԼʦһ壿


1167 
ׯ԰
ʱżƵģйͷܣڣڳ˵йҲգ֮ˣûʲô˵ģԼǱߣû֪Ҳûĵ۾Ȼ̼䣬ܵȥˣ
ۣղŵ㶼ˣ
Զɽĺ˲裬λ˵ˣ죬еģȫˣеģҲȫˣ˵һӣѾ׷ˣӲҪҳһ׷ĻǾǣԼ֮ܷԼĶӣԼӴܺԼҳư
ۿЦһ˵ЩǴδģҲδ㵽ġòϣӾްҹȷżˢӣȻѾ˯еŮ洸ˡ
㿴Ӿްҹ˵ǰ㣬ʮǰ𣿡
ǾԲܵģӾްҹڶʮǰģڶʮǰؾŮ洣¿ɲǼС£Ҳܸо
Ҳ˵Ӿްҹڶʮ֮ǰѾ磬˵ں֮ǰѾˡ
Ӧ
£ǹƭģΪӾްҹڶʮǰģ
ԣѾص磬Ҳһ֪Ӿްҹϵ׼ȷʱ䣬֮ƭ˵ʮǰŵһʲô޴ܣܣԼܲסģ
ɺ޵ˣп֮ڳģֻҪûҳ֮ģȥɣ
ûɱ֣ǿԲ÷ϣڵŮ洣ȴѾΪ˺ӾްҹǴˡӾްҹҲ֪ʲôŮ洸һڰԴߣӵеҲںӾްҹģҲ˵ڵŮ洣ʹźӾްҹ˲ضɺ󻼵ģ󻼣ָĲǺǱߣһ֪Ϣ϶ǰǳҪͻ۱һġ
÷飬ᷢġֽס𣬺Ӿްҹ飬Ǳ֪ԣ뾡죬Ӿްҹҳҽ䳹׳
һЦ˵֣ҪӾްҹ±еģҪѵĶࡣ
ôѵ㣬ûģ
΢˵ͷ˵ϵĽһĵģڣҷ֣ӾްҹΪǿģǡ
˵⣬ָָԼͷԶɽҲ׵ȷȻǳû˿֮£ô飬Ů洣ˣˣǿѾǹؼˣΪؼģǴ˵ͷԣﵽ޷ĵز˵ͷԣıҸӣҳȱ֮ϡ
ԣҪǼ׵¡
ӷߵˣ㶼ûп֮ˣ
ѾӷСȫһ飬ÿһ˵ʮ˴ڶˣӹ¶ԺǷ棬Լҵ˶ˣǻģѾ˵ˣȫ޿ɡ
ȫûпɣȷˣ¶ԺǸԺԼӷߵЩ£ֵܣ㶼ˣ
ûһ©ȫˡɵģ¶ԺԺӢۣһӷ磬ӷ糤ģһǰñӷϾһؾǵģһѾˣһڣˣûɡӷߵǼƴţǣоһϹҵģûһԡ
Զɽһ£ָָϣ˵Ǹأ
ҲѾˣ˰ٶǰڣĺһɶûУ
Զɽ̾˿˵Ӿްҹصģʵ̫ˡ˵ѵһʼѾ˷򣬺Ӿްҹûӷߣ
֣һŵġҲ̫ģȻӾްҹһŮ洣ǺԣڻмԳֻ֣ҪһԳֵĴ㣬Ǿ;ӲҵĲһҲģҲûӷǰˡ
Զɽ˵ͶһɣϾӾްҹ˲ͬӷˣǿԲܣӾްҹɲӷĵˣҵĵˣС
˶٣Զɽ˵оǣŮ洼ȻѾ죬ڵȻѾ˭ѾΪ˺ӾްҹĿܣ֮Ů洣ǰӵţ£Ҳŵ㣬һǱֵ̫ĻǾôôɣҲóֶԸǣô˵Ǭ飬ҪӷԼȥ
ţˡ֣Ȼعȥ⼸춼ʼˡ
ȥɣҪסʱͬգٸʮǰҪ˲ҪɽĻǵʱǳңҲҪˣ
ۿЦһ˵ҪģҵļͥҪģҲҵļͥǰİ飬ѾΪ飬Ҳκˣκҵļͥһ£ǳͥԼǸСͥ˭ҶҾ塣


1168 
ܾ֮оԭһϼµŮ洣ҡһ䣬Ϊһħɢ˵ĺڰ˵ǿִŴ̹ǵĺ⣬ʹ񣬻ʦһˣȫŵĻë
ŮһôĴڣ˽֪˳ֵŮ洣ȫۣͬȫŮɢŵɫ࣬һʱ䲻Ȼ
죬λľŮ𣿡
ʴۺ壬Ϊۣ֮ŮﶼϴˣǿһЦˣ
Ůȴڣʴۻ⼸ۣûʸʶԶʱڵĴҲֽδĵߣʴЩڵǲܼġ
Ҳ֪˵ŮӦҲһڹԴߣŮɢ˵ͲǹԪأ
˹˵ѵǴ˵еĺڰԪ𣿡
ڰԪأ
໥һۣϣɴδֹڰԴѽǰڣδֹŮôܻǺڰԴߣ
ϾԶʱڵĴ񣬲ʴЩڵµģŮǳ˯ڴ˵أֵŮӣŮ֮⣬ܻбˡ֮ǰŮɢǹԪѽһ仯֮䣬ټŮ洸ղ·ַѽϼ£ԶʱڵһֱŮ֮ԶʱڵҲ̼ΪһĺɫȥԭеĲʹ⣬һУôһ£
ӷģɱЩһĶ࣬Ҳ顣
Կ϶ǰѾֵŮӣŮˣֻڵŮ洣ѾǰŮˣڵŮ洣ѾԼҵˣѾӾްҹ죬Ϊ˺ӾްҹĴˣֿ˵ǺӾްҹ
ӷףӾްҹΪʲô˵Լ˲ѹأЩѹأȻһĵˣȲ˵ľǱ֮ǲǺӾްҹһǰŮ洣ȴٷ֮پǡ
ʱӷ磬ʦһ嶼ѾӦʱŮ֮ǰٴ
֮ĸط˼䡣ɴ
һ仰˵飬仰е˼ʲôе˲²͸ˡ
ϵ˼˵Ů⻰ҪصģĴߣΪʲô뷨

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Ůǰһڹ֣漴Ѿǰ
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νһǰ㣬ҲǶŮ˼ôŮķּǱҪӣȻͷ棬˭Ҳ𡣡
ЩҪŮ洷磬ڳ˾Բͬ⣬ֻ˵û֮ǰǲͬġ

ӷŮתο˳ӷ硣
εСȻ豾ȥ·
Ů洶ŭ˵ŮСֻһ֪ߵغްˣŮûҪŭ
Ŷһ֪СǾȥɡ
֪Сô
ӷһЦЦ졣
Ů洱ӷĴЦסˣٴͣ½Ų˵һСǿƷľ磬ӵ֮ˣܻһ֪С
ŮѾ֪ӷĲͬѰԼ֮£Щǲ֪ģΪԼ֪ԼʲôʱѣʣЩСô֪Ȼǲ֪Ϊʲôôɣȫۼңڳ㣬Ѿ֤ʲôˡ
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۲ô˵ʴۿɲЩУŮ洣һҪȳǿ벻֪Լǰѳҿ̫ˡ
ŮӣһֱΪСؾŮ˯֮أСȶھһеţκǰŮɾڽ죬СӾȻҴؾͼؾԣСֻǰֹȴϣСӾȻؾʦһ壬硭
ʴۻ⣬ŮѾʼŭˣôĵӣȻΪУҪ߱񣬱㲻á
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ÿĿ뿴̵ģʲôȻ߱񡣡
䣬ǿĺڰԪأֱӷ硣
񷶦ڵĽԪǲýˣӷҲŮǰ̤ԺӾްҹºӾްҹԽʥ۷ӷҲ˿ηġ
ڵѪʱȣѪ˲䱬˳뱻ŮУΨһİ취ʩչƿȭˣһȭԽŮ洵ֵҪۣȼĴۣӷҲϧ
ɣҼʶһ£λ֮ĸǿһôĵز
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ƿȭӷѧϴν֮ʹùһΣǵڶΡ
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ŮͻȻֹͣ˽ӷһȭȴ޷ֹͣˡ
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ӷѪ֮õĲˣȻֹͣںǱһһհ㣬þòƽϢɫҲļΪ԰ס
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ŮԳӷ磬Ȼ˵Ļ֪˳ӷݣ˵ĻǾ֤˳ӷģŮ洣ΪӾްҹĹϵѾˣ
ôŮ洵ĵһˣΪĳӷ磬Ůǰʾ
Ů洴񣬾Ȼ֪˭˵˵ȻҲ̫˰ɡ
⻰ŮȻʲô˼ʴȴȫɵۡ
ӷɵ浱ǳҺ˲ŮŮǰǳǿҲʲô
ӷ磬󵨡ʴŭ
ҸŮ˵ķݣҹһȥ
㡭
Ů洵£лҪ˵
ʴɫһ䣬Ů派ȻԼ£ӷ˵Լʸû
ɼȻŮ´˷ּʴĸҲӣһȫ˳׵ľ룡


1169 жĳ
ӷŮƮԭһҲûжѾ˳֮⣬ʦһ壬ҲңԶ֮ȴţҲڷţ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô£֮ʸ֮ĸòʱɣһĴǳӷλֻ֮᲻Ůλ֮ĸĶأ
ʵǧĴϵѾ˸ףϾŮһôĴǶ֪ԶʱڵĴ֮ʵڳӷ֮ϣڶܵģһǳӷ硣
ڣǧ֮ǰҲʶλǿߣǿ߳ʱֺŮ֮ϣ˵ΪǿߵŮǲʱѹģȻ֪ǽǿߵŮ洣Ů洸ɾʱѣ٣ǽǿߵʵ˵ŮӦò
Ȼǧǲ֪ʵŮ֮ԻʱѣǶǺӾްҹŵģҲǧǰǸԤ֪δŵģŮ洸ӷ罻̸ҲΪ֪һؽǿߵĴڣΪӷǳһļ̳˰ˡ
֮УӷŮԣԴ˵˵Ů洣ֹʶĿŮӣŮ񣬸ǰŮ˵еǸŮ洣֮ˣҲ˵˵еŮ洣Ĵ񣬶Ů洣ҲֻǸħˣ
´˳ӷ缸ۣŮ洲ɵ̾˿˵ȥˣң̫ʧˣ
⻰ԣƲӷ磬ӷ̫СŮ洿̫СˣĳҼ̳ˣӦģ
ɳӷ粢ûнŮ⻰ϣֻһЦ˵㣬ûʸ˵Ұɡ
ȷȷûʸ˵㣬Ͼǳҵļ̳ˣƾһ㣬ҾûʸˡҪԳҼ̳˵вĻǱҲֻ˵СӰѱ̫ˣҲǳң̫ˡ
ʵеͿˡŮ洴ѾڣҲҳҵˣʣʲôʸ˵ң
ڣţûȷǱˣҲǳˣӵеҲǰҪ߳࣬㣬Ӧÿĳɣ
϶죬Ⱦ磬һǵһμ
Ȼǽ˺Ӿްҹ٣ûһʱǳܲӾްҹǿڰԪصģⲻҪҶʲôʮĲʹ֤㡣
ʮĲʹ
Ů派Ȼ֪ӷʮôģӣӾްҹӦǽе飬ǽһ飬ȫŮ洣Ҳ˵Ů洣ʵһǧǰѾѹˣ֮ԵȵڲǺӾްҹİš
ӷڲЩȻӾްҹ϶ûһȫ˵Ů洸Ӳ˵ˡ
ʵڲףӾްҹʲôЧģ
Чңӷ磬˵⻰Ҳδѱ̫Ǹ˰ɡ
ڵģڽ֣ҲһŵģѵЧ𣿡
ҪЧҵģֻ磬磬κˣһǧǰѵһ̣ͷģǧ֮绹ĳƣĻǱͻ߾еأ
֮⣬˵ǳң磿
磬ǳģ˵ЩС֪£ϾǸʵ˵磬ʢӣҲǳҵģû´ĻǳӦѾ˰ɣʢӣӦѾȫȨɳӵ˰ɣ
ûҳңѾΪǺҲʸܡ
籾ܣ磬ҪõɣͬҪʦһõһġ
أãͨ˹ƽҳҾס磬־ãҳң𣿡
ǳҪֹĻǱþһзǳսףǳѪǿ󣬱Ҳ塣
뷨ǰеģ֮еģ
ǰ̹ţһһЧǳңڱĳ˯Уͨһ£磬ӦκԼй켣ͱ밴Ĺ켣ȥţȥѭšеԼΪԼǳң磬ûδȨ
Լ뷨ǺӾްҹһ˼룿Լ˼룬Լ뷨ֺαس˵Լ淨ΪʲôҪ磿˵һУԼƾʲôȥ㣬ʸȥ𣿡
Ů洵䣬ӷ飬˺ܴı仯
ǳҵļ̳ˣƻġ
ƻĲңӦǺӾްҹŶԡˣٸ˵ϻֱ˵˰ɣӾްҹҪʲô
ŮЦ㣬ӦòҪͰɣУѾᵽˡҪɳڳɳĹУֲܣҲ˵㽫޾ʹУ޾ĿгɳĳɳڣŸոտʼ
ĺӾްҹ浱ǸˣַҲĳҪԼĳɳ֮·Լĳɳ֮·ܿƵ˵
Ųһ°ɡӾްҹ֮Ҫ磬Ҹʱ㹻ΪѾץסҵ㣬֪Ҫ磬Ϊ˱ߵˣһ뾡һа취ģǸʱ֮䣬ͽչһսΪ˵ڵԶԶ֮ϣҽƷľ磬ΪĹϵѾ˴˵е϶쾳磬Ҫʤ㣬ûܣҳңֲңΪҳҶԣһˣʲôӴ룬бҪʱ򣬲Ҫ㶯֣үүҸףͻ硣޷㿹ͬʱ磬ҲᴦѹңҵˣҲ侮ʯǸʱٵģͲһΣˣҲᱻĽͷöҪӾްҹ֮⣬ûӾްҹͻڰһֱĿЦͶ·ʱܳһ֮ٶ˵һ仰仰ǡʵװţƣûʵװɵơӾްҹǾԵţƣҳӷ磬ǾԵɵƣٵ˵һ仰仰ǡɵƣȥˣңҲ漴˵⣬ӷ粻ɵһЦʵ˵Ķ԰ɣŮ
Ůû˵ЦһһЦѾ֤ӷЩˡ
ڲ˵͵ŽĿӰɡŶˣҪһǣĵˣϵģҲǬ磬ϵе壬ЩӾްҹҲΪ㰲źˡ
ӷ絹һ飬Ӿްҹŵĳ棬Ȼ֮Ӵ壬͵ˣ
Цһӷʵһ£ҸӾްҹжĳŮˣǼŮߣɱĸҽŶʮ꣬ɲһġ
Ůһ仰˵һ£ȥͬʱؾʼݣ


1170 Ĵ󱬷
ܾʼݣҲ˵ؾʧ֮󣬳ӷʦһ֮أǵĵˣ˵ļһ㣬һƬҽ֮УĻƷĳӷ磬ֿܵסҽͬʱҪ뿪ģǼǲ̫ܵģǴͨһصͨȥһҽ񲻾ͻųӷͨĵصһֱȥһһɽʲô𣬸ͲҪŮӷԼѾһѡ
ĺӾްҹ治֪㵽ǽ˼ӵĳѾӣӼ㣬˾ˣӸһ㡣
֮£ӷֻǧߣ˵ЩһѾˣٲߵĻǾͶ߲ˡ
ӣղš
ʸղô£ҲǵģЩ飬Ҳ֪Խ٣ԽҪģ뿪صԭǵȥ
Ĵеһ˵Լ뿪·ǵȥһ·Ҳˣǵĳ·ֻһˡ
˼ǣҸǧֹ·
ûҪ죬ؾһ룬·Ҳûˡ
ǾͲҪϻǧ峤ˣ˳ؾֻҪһأӽǾҲĿˣɡ
ãǸϽ˳ȥɡ
˷ȥӷͨǱ߷ȥ
Ƭؾɫԭɫգԭ˵Ů洵ƬԭۣѾѺۣҽѺӿƬֿɶء
ѾһƬڰ˿⣬ͬе̫ҲѾʧΣؾʱ䣬ֱ죬ǵʹѾˣҲø˵ˡ
··ϣǧʦһˣȫԼ汲ĵطŻЦҲʹ࣬ģȴʹޡ
ڣڿ뿪ˣڿԹԼˣڿ԰Ŀˣ˵Ӧò֪жôظˣʦһÿһˣǧֹڣɫ̫ÿҲʹʹԼȣ޷ԼһعɰɣֻܸЩȥһԶؾ֮УʧƬ֮С
̾Ϣ֮䣬Ѿ˳·ڣͬһȰ׹ţڵȴţڵȴͬʱҲѾһϢˣ
ϾҪʧˣǱҪ졣
ǧˣȫ˽˳ڣӷʱԼؾһûء
ҵĵʯ
ѽʯΪӾްҹĹϵóӷ罫ҪˣûеʯԼôΪ޷ΪȲ˵ǲ֪ʲôطĺӾްҹӵźӾްҹŮ洣ľǱǸǿߣԼ޷ȥԸ
ҪʧˣʲôʯˣԺ취ɡ
УҲñɽȴֶ顣ˣȫ˳ȥȥҼʯ
Σѽ
ǧֹֹӷѾһƽ˳ڣͬʱؾ֮У¡һһɾҵıըΨһĳڣ̼ʧؾѾһ롣
ƽڵǧֹѾʧǰ·Ҳ𽥵ݣһеûأ
˿Ӳµģʱ䲻ˣ뿪
УҸһģȫ壬ǲܶܡ
Գӵʵһǿ֮УҲ˿ΣաǲͬûгǵǵȺ̨ٲߵĻȫˣͶҪûˡ
ף߰ɣһҪ취ҵܸһȥһܻȥҲ·һˣĹҵġ
ǧΣ֪ӷ粻µģԼŮٲߣԼȫˣͶˣһʬ޴֡
֮£ǧֻܽǧֹιȥǿ׳ˣǧֹ뿪
һؾһѾǵĵĳӷ磬ȫѾоǿҵȣϵ·Ҳʼȼ
ӷ緢һΪһ⣬ԼΧסԴֿǿҵȣǣ·Ѿûˣ֮£ǵõ˴ĵʯҪ뿪طǲܵġ
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顭
ıըؾѾȫʧӷ糹֮УΧһƬƬĺɫ£ǹҽΧʯҲȫǺɫģЩҲȫõĵʯ
ӷû˿η壬ֲֿĳ棬˿ĺ£˷
ʵûг·Ҳûϵӷͬǿ뿪ģֻҪܵ񷶦ȥҽô£޷˵ӷֺͬģ뿪񷶦ʱӷҲԼȫκεطǲ񷶦ĺô֮һ˵ʲôطģһʲôطȥ֮ǰĵģֻǵʦһңԼܲܽʦһȫ񷶦ɣǿӾްҹ޷µĴڣƴκ˽ȥκ˶·һ񷶦ֻˣ˽ȥһᱻǿɵġ
ڵʯж٣ڶ٣£ҾͿƳٵĵҩˣʱӾްҹҶһȥɡ
ӷЦһ̿ʼھʯ
һڣӷ绹ڳĵʯȫŽ˲񷶦ھòˣܲܽ񷶦ȫʯѣԼ֮ûˡ
Ҫ񷶦һڸһʱͻȻҽͻȻͬ㣬ȫӿ
ӷ䲻ںҽııԳӷѧ֪ʶ˵ǸͲܷѽ˵ҽ󱬷Գƺüȵؿأǿǻ磬޴ѵģҽ󱬷лɽһסȫͬһʱ䱬
룬ȫ磬еطĻɽͬһʱ䱬ǽôĺ
ӷ֮࣬ⱬҽѹȥȴͻȻ֣ⱬҽ֮Уʲôڣ


1171 Ѫʹ
ˮްҽԼٶȳңҽ֮Уӷ绹ʲôĴڣǺһӰӣûһӰӣһҽеӰӣԳӷڵλãʱ̫ǵһôӰӣܿ϶һǣǸӰͷ˫нŵģǸˣ
ɣУȻиˣⲻѽ𾳽ǿߣʥǿߣҲֱҽɣǻյûѽ
ӷеֵͬʱҲеʮֵĺ棬һôǿߣǵ϶쾳ǿߣ壬ҲܱʯҪӲѽ˵磬ž⣬κεʣܿԳסҽɣ˿ġ
ɳӷҽУȷһӰѽǵʲô
Ϊ˸£ɲҪһӾްҹ֮⣬иǿĴڣԼҪֱȥˡ
ӷһȭҽһȭȥһȭȥԽҽʱѹסͬʱҽλôһаĿӣܿҽ֮Уʲôˡ
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һȭǺܴ󣬳ӷҲ̫⽫ҽٶԼ䲻κε˺ȴᵼҽٶȼ٣ԼɾҪΪϵˡ
ӷһȭȥԤڵǰ㣬ҽٶȸҽλãҲһС
ʱ򣬳ӷĿռ䣬ڱԼ֮УȻȻһΣûһΣȴһˣһף
ӷ罫˫ķǳ󣬴۾ҲĹâҽеǸףһɫף԰˸ɣֱΪͷؼף磬ףӣЬӡ
׶ȼһǻ磬ȼһģȼţ·ܻĻ棬ʮʮҫۡ
һףȻ֮У˭ģ˵Ͳˣһ׶ĵҽ֮ѽǺӾްҹǵȴڣҲɵѽ⸱׾Ȼҽ֮УǱضŲηҽɵڣ֮ǿ󣬿֪
ӷףַһȤ飬⸱׵ؼףе͹ؿڵλã͹ģټ׵ӷóһۣ⸱ףӦŮ˵ģһŮף
Уһӵǿףӷ籾ΪΪõģĶԼûУڼ⸱Ů˵ĺ󣬳ӷĶˣ⵽˻ǵùѽôһףܴԼϣԼΪԻǿģڣһŮ˵ףԼܴ𣬺ԣܣԲܡ
䲻ȻҲνԵ֣ڣӷֻԵԼˣȻ⸱һԼԵǻ뿪طɣһ˼ûУʯѾõˣ⸱Ů˵ףеʹѽ
ӷ̾˿񷶦ȥʱȴַ֣׵ؼ󣬺һʲôͼΣ
ٿһһӷһ˫۾ɵˣؼ׺ͼΣȻǡһֻѣûһֻѣһȼ֮£ؼ׺ѣ·Ƶģֻڿٵš
ͬʱӷоһӿһɲԼȴƫƫԼڿʼȼţңһĺ⣬ӳӷðΧųӷȫ
ӷһԼؿڣô£˵ǴģԼԼ񷶦֮⣬ֻԼѪˣȵͲԼѽ⵽ǡ
ӷ˫ı֮ǰģͻȻ뵽һ£ǡѪʹ
ûѪʹɢǵĵʱ̩ɽ֮ͨѪٲõ˷ӡѪʹǿѪʯǱӡѪʯڵѪʹһֱû˿Ķõĳ˯ƵģӷҲȥˣһֱԼڣѪʹˣû뵽ѪʹȻʱѵѪʹҪ
ӷ뿪ӡѪʹѪ黽˳ȻѪ飬ɢ⣬˵Ѫ⣬ңѪ黹𽥵ı󣬱ĸʱ̩ɽ֮ѪٲеѪͬĴСӷ绹ĿѪڳ˯ŵѪʹֻѪʹʱͬˣΪѪʹѪ֮ڣѾһ˫۾Ѿ˿һ˫ѪɫĳҲʼѪ֮ϣ˺ܶѺۡ
ѵѪʹҪˣ
ӷ̺ˣں˲׵ʱͻȻѪ顰顱һը˿ǿҵѪ⣬Ҳڴ˿̷ת䣬仯Ϊ˴۵Ļ⣬ֻ⣬ҽڵףںΪһ塣
ӷڸԼ˫ۣڽӦ۵Ĺâ󣬲ŽֽƿʹСһԼǰ
һСʹԼǸճӤСȫΪɫΪŮԣӵһ˫С򣬵˫С򲢷Щ񻰹ģߣֻһֻСֻСȫȼ˻档
ӷȻ֣ѪʹѾ仯Ϊ˻ʹȫѾȼһ𣬶ңӷ绹һ£Сʹĳ򣬾ȻҽǸ׺ѳһģ
ѣôһ˫ѳѡЦѣ̣Сһ̵ļױΪʲôҽڵףŸСһͬĳѵ⸱ף𣿡
Ҳ̫˲ˣЦߣʵ㵽۷徳磬Ҳ֮ѽӲӵҽ޷ݻٵһףѪʹ˵ǻʹȴָǸ˹УǲΪһĻôֹܻУ
ӷһңؾз飬ڷ飬óӷе㷴Ӧˡ
ʱСʹȻ׷˹ȥֱӾʹףӦ˵ǣ׽Ϊһ塣
Сʹ׽ΪһǸһףȻֳһ˫һ˫ѳ򣡶ףҲ·ӵ㣬ʼ仯仯ǺֻܴǱԭʱĴһЩؼǰ͹㣬ҲƽˣĻѣѾֵĻѳΪһ壬ֻѳȴںϣֻѳ򣬱仯Ϊһ磡
ڵĴСӷ壬պúʣǺʣ׻Ѿҽ֮ڣһֱ˳ӷǰ
ͻһɾ޴ڳӷûκη֮£ӷ壬˹ȥӷֻоȫÿһλȼհ㣬ʹʹʹ޷ܣڣӷҲܲסˣҽһĵĶʼ
ʲôУûϢļһ
ͻأһڳӷĶһŮ˵䣬ӷʹ࣬ǿңʹǿҵͬʱһӰ˳ӷǰ
ٽһŲϾϵ


1172 ϷЦ
Ӱĳ֣˵ĻӷȫʹǶʱʧΣҲ˵Ϊ̫ԾˣԾѾȴϵʹ
ӰһŮˣһ޳Σںڵ㷢Įȴ޷ֱͣòȴҪӷ룬ҲöѯʣΪ⸱òŹùóһģ̳Ҳ֤˵ˣ
ӷ粻ģͦųǰĹӰ̣̣
ûӰǳԶɽѾӣ۸ĸףʮǰ磬ĵһŮЦѣӷ̣
ӷ˲Լ۾е̫˼ˣԼѾộԼδֻϺʱݼһε̣ôܻ֮Сңò俴ͣҲͶʮӣһŮˣȻԼ̣ӷԼ⣬⵽ôһ£
̵ô꣬죬ˣ̫ˡ
ӰһЦǰֵϸ
Ӱһ˫ӷ磬ȴӷ磬ΪϾǸӰʵ壡
ˣǺͿӰӣ̵ֻһ˿ԪͳİˣôĵҵĹء
ӰЦһЦʳӷǲǾú֣ΪʲôԼһ˿Ԫط
ӷ̾˿Ȼһ˿ԪͳģȻǿԶԻģ
̣𣿡
Сô˵ģʲôļٵģѵϣ˸ðЦѲɣѽ
εΣ⻰˵ģҲ̫Ե˵ɣӷףүүΪʲôῴˣλ̵ӣ治һıꡣ
Цѣһ˿Ԫôܻط
Ϊ˵ǳСֻû뵽ǳСûȵǰӸˣҲԵֵġ
Сӣ
ӷЦӣЦȵıԼĸ׳۵ģû뵽Լȴܵˣ
ȵһ£Ȱѻ˵ȽϺáղ˵ǳСӣǳС˭ôô϶Ҿӣ
ӷɲС˵а˳ģѪʹҲʱѹԼҲҪ೤һ۲Ŷѽ
Сӣүүӣۻ治١Ȼʣ̾͸ɡʵ̸û
ʲô
ӷǰһڣ漴һʵ˵ʲôûǡ
ôˣ̸˵ʱ䲻࣬һ˿ԪҲ֧Ŷã˵Ϊؼɡ
˶٣Ц˵ȣ֪֮˭ΪѪʹ⸱׵ĹϵѪʹ̵ʱշС޸үүʱͳΪ̵ļױ⸱ףǳһսףүүȴ⸱ս͸̣һѪʹں棬⸱ս׾ֻӵгѪܴϵġүүҲĳҽʲôΣҪ⸱սսڶ˵ֽţѪʹսףٴںΪһʱ⸱ս׾ͻ仯ԭĳսףһΪѪʹںϵĹϵǿһԣΪӵгѪáһǸүү㸸ȥ̩ɽõѪʹʹ⸱սѹģΪʲôԿ϶ݵԭˣΪ̵ֻܵõѪʹ
ղ˵ȵǳСӣ
ûһֱһ˿Ԫս㸸ҹȴû뵽ģ㸸ףҲ֤㸸׵죬֪̻ţ㸸׵Ըһġ
ӷʱϵսףоʹѾȫʧˡֻӷûо⸱սʲôѽԼϣǳأصһҲˡ
ӷûʱս׵飬Ȼ˵ûţ⾿ôһ£Ϊʲôүү֪£ȴҪ˵Ѿأңȫƭˣǲ̫ˣߣʲô£үү޷ģ
ˣ̣ܸܲңʮǰ׷ʲô£Ϊʲôүү˵ˣɽ죬ȴ˵ûһ˿Ԫ֮У
飬ȻҪ׷ߵʮǰ
ʮǰʮǰ飬ȫѾ֪ˣѵЩ£ָŹùǶ֪𡣡
ȻǵȻ֪ѵүүǣ㣬ʵ֮Իһɵ𣡡


1173 ֣֮߱
һжǳԶɽһɵģ⣬⵽Ǹʲôѽ
ӷתıʲôʱҪ죬ΣʱҪ죬ΪǰλԼ̣ȻûǳӷҪԵɸף
̣ɲҪң֮Ūүү
ȳӷ˵꣬Ц̾˿˵ʵҲȫүү겻ΪҸ׵ĿƣүүҲģ
̵˼үүʮǰѪϴǼ£
ûҵĲ²⣬үүһģ˵ΪҸ׵ķԣ̸үүףүүһŭ֮£ŻɱİɣңȻվүүߣүүԸɣΪ𣬲Żյģ
ӷ˵ͷʵѵ鲻𣿡
һģȷΪҸףڲ֪үүʵ֮ǰķԣ˵үү䲻ңүүΪ֤ԼҲһӣΨһһεĿ԰ɱ磡Ͼҵļңҵļ壬Ҳĵһ壬ڵ걻Ϊһ壬ΪǸһӣǼˣҲǼеһԱȻܿҵļ壬үүˡүүɱ֮ǰȻ˵һѣ˵ҸѾӦ£ڼţǰףңҲɵɵүүȴϣүү粻һСʱҼһԱܵȣ˵үүҪˣȫɱˡϢļ٣ǰ磬ſʱһжѾ̫ˣſȫʬ壬а˫˴ɣʮħи֣һȫɱҵļ壬ҲɱĽʣҸףҵĶˡǸʱҸսʱۼүүһƴҵĸףҪֽҸҲʱ̳˹ȥҸǰүүһƣƫƣʹҵĺ󱳣
Ц˵⣬ҲͲ˵ˣӷȻȫˣ
үүΪѾ˴˵е϶쾳磬ϣҰ֮⣬˵޵еĴˣһƴȥɡ
̾˿ӷʵ̣Ǻүүǲ϶쾳磬űסԪ񣬿ʵ壬ȴܱסˣԪҲҪķүүһĹܱȫ
ЦҲǿ̾˿˵ˡүүʱһƷղס֣Ҹ׵ƺû˷ŹҸףҸ״ңȫ֮Ͼ磬Ԫ񡣵ôȻǴ˵е϶쾳磬ԼģҪΣҲǲ̫ܵˣԣүүֻԳסҵԪ񣡡
˵۵ľΪ˵Ĺϴ˵ΨһһڣܳԽ϶쾳磬һδ֪ľ磬ǳԶɽҲӦ϶۷徳ŶѽԶɽڵľֻڵ죬ûе۷ĵھ죬ӣⶼΪΪ˱סЦѵԶɽŻṦģ
ӷϵսף˵⸱սǳҵһǵڶأ
ڶһӣΪ汦顯ҲսڣֻҪߺ϶ΪһͿԽѪʮԴʩչʮƿȭǵүү˵ֻҪӵгѪ޵л⣬Գһھڤ翪ʼܽΪһʹãӱ˵ǽѪʮʩչʮƿȭˣ˶٣Ц˵֪ǰĳ˿Խ϶ΪһûС㸸ʱ͸о㸸׵ڲͬ㸸ܵõĻһԳΪʼĵһǿߣǣ⼸ʮųһ˿Ԫһ˿Ԫγʮǰģȴ㸸
ӷ˵˵ûֵǿ͸ӦÿԽ϶ΪһΪĵһǿߵġ
Ҳδءǰ֪㸸װĵɵ̼ʱ֣㸸װĵ㣬㣬ͬĵ
ʲô˼ѽΪŪ˶ʮˣᶼûУôܽ϶Ϊһ
ӣ̵ĹӣҪ̣ǲῴġȻ֪ôĵˣţֻҪܽ϶ΪһôǿߣĶˡ
˵ҲûҾһ°ɡѾսˣǱʲôط
ҽ㴩ս׿ȥȡҽ˲ֺġ
ҡһ£̣ղ˵үүﱣסԪģһԪطΪģһǲ뱻˴ţղ˵ֻǷųһ˿ԪڵȴֵĴǲ˵Ԫڱ֮ڣ
ӣͲùЩˣ̵֪Ů࣬һеҲӦò٣гϢģ㣬Ȼ㲻㣬үүҲǾͬģնΪһļ̳ˣ˵ûɣ
ûҲϱЩõҪǿĶֻ࣬ΪԼ棬Լļ壬ȫͨˣͲ˼塣ȻܱүүնΪһļ̳ˣҲɵѽҽ̵ԪҲһס㵽ܳΪĵһǿߣ޵棬Щȴ̵ģ̣ã𣿡
Цɫһ䣬˵žۣΪĿģԲֶΣүү㸸ҲĳСӣϻ㣬ȥȡ汦顣
ӷһЦ˵ҵȷżۣȴֻԵ˼飬ֻЩԼĲТ飬ԲԼˣԼ˼飬үүҰŹùң̣ͬǸˣһ෴ҪԪүү첻飬ɡ
Сӣ㲻õԼȥЩǿߣ
ڵ˵ҲԲ߱ɱĸĲТ̣ʹ뿪طҲҽģ粻Ϊҽɣʬ޴棡


1174 ｻ̸
ӷصսףҽһƴСĺɫӣŰ׹⣬ǰ׹⣬ЦѵԪˡ
Ϊһ壬һˣ޷϶ΪһҲ˵ھڤʱǳһ뿪ڤ󣬶һˣԷӳʮѪʩչʮصƿȭҪԭ򣬾ս׸汦֮ϡ
ЦܵĿҲˣʮ꣬Ԫڱ֮ڣмҹ鲻ףҲ޷ϣۼԼɷԼȫ壬ֿ࣬Ӣֲ֪˶ٱ
񣬼Ȼӷķ֮أһ̵֪ԪɴڣЩ˵ֻҪԪԪĻǾͲԣӷһҪЦѵԪģҷģܷʲôۣҲһҪһžۣ
ȵһӣѾѹĳӷ紭ˣؾַֺӾްҹĴڣԼĵˣֳһӾްҹסŮ洣ΪΪӾްҹĹϵ˴˵е϶쾳磬ʹǿڣӷҪ뾡һа취һĵѹڳӷļϣѾôˣƴδˣӵųӷĵӣǹŴʱڵЩ˵ǳҵЩȣй֮صĵӡ
ڽɣӷҪۣ࣬ε飬ӷ籾ıԼҵıӷȴΪǿɱԼ̣
ЦѵԪ˲񷶦
汦黤סЦѵԪ񣬷򣬳˳ӷ֮⣬ʲôˣκԪ֮Ĵڣһ񷶦Ǳض
̣ӽ쿪ʼסɣط̣ܵκ˺ġ
δ߹κ˲񷶦飬Ӿްҹ޷µشڣʺЦѾסģᱻκ˷֣ӷ뽫¸߼κˣԼүүԼĸףоŹùڣΪӣѹӷһ˵žѾˣûҪڳԺͬʱүүȥģ
汦鰲һƽ̨ϣӷҲѾսף⸱ս׶ڳӷ˵治֪ôȥʹãϸӲ˿˵صҪ⸱սȥԵУֻԼӸҲΪԼΪɣܿס⸱սףҲΪ汦Ĺϵɣ汦鲻ս׺϶Ϊһ޷⸱ս׵Ϊ֮ã
ѽ̶Ѿǰˣֺαأ֪ҪǲܵģȻүүʮͰ쵽ˡ̿㲻㸸ҪֻǷȱһˣҳҵﶼѾطҲһǳǿĴڣһԡ
̣ʲôҪ˵ˣô˵ġҲԷģ˵ڵ飬ʹûа첻ģΣҲһ
Ц̾˿ӣԼҲǸƢѽԼô˵ͬġ
ڲ񷶦һʱ䣬ΪǸЦԪϵģʱܳһ㣬Ҳ̫ãϾЦѵԪܹش汦໤ҲҪ㾫һ˵̫ãԪͻὥġ
ӷ罫ԼʮЦ˵һ飬Цڵĺʹ
̲ãûչ˺ǣûչ˺ָùãǼ壬ʹǣⶼ̵Ĵ
̣ⲻܹ֪ҰָŹùãЩûиһᵽʨţ˲µģţ֮ԻҳҷѣҲΪҰֵĹϵ
ֵǱֵ̺ʱ֪̾ˡֻүүĽ̫ƫǸǰѪϴ磬Ƕ̵Ĵ
̣ȥ鶼ѾȥˣҪеζԼϿһ˻кܺõδ˵ǳǱڵΣڵ壬ʱǳҷѣһᾡΪүүִܺġ
㣬һܳΪʼĵһ˵ġѽղ˵ʼʣӾްҹһʼͶ㣬һŮ洸ˣŮ洣ǳҵѽԵĻܵշɣǧЩ֪ģ
ӷЦӣ̵䲻ǺܺãҲǸѽ
ᾡ´õġ
Ӿްҹ˵ں㣬ͬʱҲڹ㣬Ŀģʲô
Ҳ벻֪ͨǲǸǼһ˼ڱӵĳزʮ꣬ͳôǿΪУ
Ц˵ӾްҹǺһˣҲ˵ǻ֮ڵһˣǳҵȣ֣ɴ˿ɼ˵ĻϷֶΣǳκһ֮¡֮⣬һˣҲò
˵ģ֮ǰ̵Ǹ֮ˣ
ûûкӾްҹ̿ܰﲻ֪˭ɼȻӾްҹѾˣ̻Ѿµ˴Ǻηʥ
֪ľǱ˭
Цѿ˵ѽ⣬ǳҵһϣڰԪأڰԴߣ۳һ˰ˣ
ʲộ˵ǳУһڰԴߣ
û
˭
ͽǳΨһһͽΪͽҲͲڵĺˣǳңͳһ˻
ӷһ˫۷㶣˵˵ģǸӾްҹƭ˸飬ֱ֮ӾްҹȥѪʹĺӾްҹǳȵǸģ
֮⣬Ӧûˡ
𣿡
Ӿްҹûһǧǰ磬سģҲң֪ǳңһ˵
ʲô˵
˵ǳҺУ˳Խ϶쾳磬һȫ¶δ֪ľ硣
Խ϶쾳磿⣬ôܣ
ʱүүʱҲšϾ̵Ϊ۷ľ磬ûʱ̽𾳽磬ΪԴߡ£ȴǳ汲ģֻΪ̫ãĹϵû̫ȥˣȻϴģȻġүү˵ǳҵ汲УΨһлᳬԽ϶쾳ģǸˣǳ汲еκһͬҲߵģ㱻ӾްҹȥѪ˵Ҫ϶쾳磬Ҳǲܵ飬ԣ
ѪҲܽ϶쾳磡Ůˣʵ˵ѽ
ôԺĻҪ˵ǳҵͽҲǸŮˣǱǳңһֱԼǳҵһԱɱ
ӷ綼ˣŮ洲ɱɱ»˳µģҲɱΪǸŮˣ

ӷףʲôи֮ˣԼ̣ҲһѽڣԼľŹùò
ǲǾ̵Ҫ̫ˣĵˣȴɱǡ
֪һΪҳҵĽ롣
У̵Ͳͬүү·ԵĻóұһңҪ£ͬʱҲҪķһУˣүү֣ǸСŮֻܿˣ
̿ҰֵΪ
ʮʱ򣬾ѾԽ϶쾳硣
ʮʱͳԽˣΣô˵ģ
̾أ
㣬Ӧò˵ɡӾްҹ϶֪ڵΪûȥ֣㣬ãúʼʣĵҸСƨҼ𣿡
ӷЦһ£Ȼһ˵ã
ʲô£
̣ܸˣٲȥ˿ɾͶˣ
ȳȥɣ̣ӾްҹĳˣΪ˴룬ս׸汦飬үү֣Źùãǲġ
̣д㣬Ϣȳȥˡ


1175 ּ´
Ҳͬһռ䣬ռĴڣЩԶʱڵЩԶ֮ǰЩģȴ֪ģʵǳҡ
Ƕʢӻϵÿһ򣬻һ磬һߣȻһ˹磬֮£ҲҪµģЩˣԳΪҪͨ˲ͬʽסĵط磬Ҳɴ˲ģΪڵҵȿһĹǵʽסĵطͨͬĻҲȱ˹ߵϣܵ˵Ĥݣֽ˭ŷ㣬ûŷȥ硣
֮ڣǶڣҲЩ½֮⣬˵ȫۼ˴˵ء
ԭΪһģֻŮ洳˯֮ΪԭŷΪȻŮѾѹˣ磬ȻܻΪأŮλ֮񣬻дڵļֵ
ּ
֮ϣһµŮ洵һӣֻһɫľ棬ǰ
СŮ﷨ּ
ͬСҲӷּ
ڿʼ磬ֻһֶϱУȫۼΪһΪպ׼
ʣŮ洸ѵʱѾ˵ˣȴûһ֪Ů洵ʲô˼ҲĵŮģҪ磬ĽȻͬ
Ů洵ȿϣһֿ־塣
ǰǼ˵˲㣬ڵ磬ȫŮһΪ
ŮСе㲻̫˼
۵ӱ⼸ҪҲֻʡ
Ůһߣǰǵɫľһǿҵĺڹ⣬ڹֱ˹ȥ
ǱģСеģŮڴˣѾֲ˵ˡ
顣
Ů洵ڹ⣬ֱ۵ĵﴦǿ̼۵ĵɵش
ûнгǹڵأһֻֽԼĵɫ԰ס
Ůˡ
ֻһССľ棬ӽ˭ҶʣǾͱ죬ĵѱһ룬飬Ͳòκˣȥ˰ɣû˭ҲκεĽ̸
ʾ
ȷȷһʾı֣ϾŮѾ뿪ʱˣϣѾȴˣڲЩСһѵĻǵڻҪԼͷϴ
ʴһ˵˵еŮǰλŮı֣ȫͬѽ
˵еŮʴȣǶԴʴȣԴҲһʴȡλŮµʴȣеģֻǿ£Ҫ磬һ֣ͼ۸ˣ˵ֶΣ˵ʵηѽ
ʴۻ⼸ֻۣǵвˣϾ绹סĵطûˣǣǳΪɥ֮Ȯԣ˭뷨
ڣ㲻˭ҲŮڴˣǰ˭ҷԣ˭ҷ³ô֪
С۸ȥӽ쿪ʼۣ͵ǴгˣҲû֮ˣֲ½ȥһܻ꣬еġ乬жȹ
۵³ĶʼҲʼη壬û֪һ˭᲻Լ
ŮȻҲЩ뷨˵ˣֻҪӱµģһõ󲻵һС෴˭Υ߶ʱķ죬³
νʶʱΪܣʴ۵һ˵СŮ﷨ּ¡
ܺáҸղҲˣ³Ƕ˱⣬ͬʱһĴǾǴ˳ӷ繦㱾ˡΪ縶ķϣһպ½繴ᣬ
ӣӷŮ˵ҲһʹѽŮҲضҪ֮졣
ʴɫ䣬˵
ʣǱΪ˯꣬ϵͲ෴ǳӷĳ֣ҵļ̳ˣϵΪĺܡ촫˹ӷ磬㣬Ҳ˸ͬ顣
ʴۻһ̿ͷŮС֪ˣŮˡСһΰɣ
û㽫㣬Ϊ֮ˣǳӷ硣ӱڶּ
Сּ
ڿʼҪηˣûо԰֮ǰ˭Ҳܸ淢ͻ⻵˱ơȻڳӷ磬ҿΪ֮˭ɱ˳ӷ磬ͣӲҪ˼ңֻҪǲʦĻȻбš
ǣŮ
ּ˹磬ǰǬ磬ǬףǬ֮¡󣬱ƵĽ磬ȥ衣
ΪŮ活ԸǬϵģϾΪǬĹϵŮ洲Ż˯ģû뵽죬Ů派ȻҪǬ֣ӣԸ֮ģŮ洱ԼЩСҪǿҵĶѽ
˹˵ǣСȥ졣
ĵּӽ󣬲Ҫٹ˼Щͨ˵뷨ˣֻҪвԵĵط֮Ҫ֪Ҳţڡ
ǣŮ
ͨˣѾĴˣŮĵּҪͨ˵У½õֶΣȴʴȣǲ̣
ּȫշԴ⣬ԳһɣеĻ߽ӷ
ͬǣŮ
е˹ҲҪҪҲɱԳ֣ΪЩСɫ˹

Ů洵ּ£Ҳעң
ʴ˵Ůµף罫һ۷֮սĿģӷ硣ŮʾС񶯸òüȥ
Ů洵˵ͷ˵ֻҪǶԸӷģôͼô
ǣСˡ


1176 һ
ڵԽԽˣھס˵ûʲô˵ģɶЩο˵͸еƣԭļĵϣһ֮ھͲ˶ӵ仯ôܵˣο͸ηյǣԼţʧˣйˣһһŮĵ鼱֮£ֻ뵺ϵľ񣬻еοͣһˡ
ӷûпǵ㣬ҲҪǣ㵼εԼǧֹˣӷҲģΪڱʱӷǧֹдȫǼٵģͻȻڵʧ٣ˣʬνＱһ°ˣҪο͵ļκεĽ
ֻǳӷʱŷ֣һѷⳡѲΪؾĹϵǵϵɽдƣӱϿڱ֮ڣ˵Ǳµ׿ʼȻ仯˭׼
ɽмһɽڣʱͻȻһţڣͻȻӰӵʱ䣬ϰٺˣӹ֮˳жˣҲˣǣʦһ塣
ǧĴϵĴ£ʦһο˵оգ飬Ů洶ˣؾҲˣʦһ壬ȴûһˣ߸𾳽ǿ˵˰ˣһУ˳ӷλ֮ʣ
ףôأ
˿㲻õģԳӵʵһµġ
ؾһѾˣؾһǸطɾǵĵѽŶѾرˣҲ˵·ҲˣҪô
ǧ̾˿˵ϣɣ
ף̫ˣûȻãһ£֪֪ʲô
ǧһΪԼˣֻҪԼû£ӷλȫĶˣҲϵġ
ǧֹ˵ǧ̫ˡҪ֪ǳӷǧֹһģʱǧֹһ˻ȥӷȴһŶûУǧֹô³Ϳ֪ˣܶˣŹǧֹģǧֹȫ壬ĺѿ
˿Ȼȫ˶Ѿˣǡ
ɣףĳ£ȫɵͬʱҲǵ֮ա
˿⻰ʲô˼
磬ؾвһȻȴ޾ɱʱأɱ֮Щ£ɵκȥƣοЩˡңϣźܶ෽ĳЩ磬ﲻģպãǷˣһ£ףãǷŹ𣿸ͲҪǳ֣Щѣ˿һٴˣ
Ĵеһ˵Ѿͷǲǰ̫ˣһʲô˲ġ
ǧֹڵĶʱˣʱӷǵʱǿְֹݵģڣˣȻ˵ֻ⻹˵Ļһ֪ͼĻǻϣʲô˼
ǵǧֹʱӷ磬ΪӷӦȫ˻ɣڣӷ˵ڵĻѾˣԼˣȴǹӲţͲˡ

ǧֹޱ䣬ˣϻʲôã֪ĻӦýЩͬ뷨ļһȫؾȫЩĹᡣ
ǧɫҲǾ䣬оԼŮɢǿҵϢһͭŽֶĿ꣬Ǹղ˵ĳϡ
˿㡭
ǧ仹˵ǧֹǲǷˣÿһˣļˣѽȴΪϵһ仰Ҫɱ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ͲǧֹǧֹͭŽѾ̽ϵš
ϵ˫ķǳǿǧֹģǧֹСʱĸ϶ǳ۰û뵽죬ǧֹȻԼɱ֣˵Ǽϸǧ䣬ȫˣȫɵۡ
ǧֹκһ˵˱Լ̴ŵĳǰһסͭŽĽһӦƵģৡһͭŽӳϵŰ˳
ĵ͸ѾѪ˿ڣȻ㶵Ŀǧֹ벻Լû֣֮ȻԼ֣֮Ҳ̫۴˰ɣ
㣬㡭
ǧֹ治ɫһˣȻûκθԵģȴ֪˭ˣ˭Լĸڣ˵Լһ仵ҪοԼˣǾЩ˵ѽ
˭˵һ䣬˵Щ˵ĻͱҲ飬ˡ
顣
Ѿ˵ϣϸǧҲʱӦ˹
Ѿͷˡ
ףΪ֮
ôҲɱҿס
Ϊҵĸףղһûд㡣ٸ˵һĻŮһҪˡ
Ϊҳϣ
ܶ˵ҳϣΪѵʱǧֹˣʣôջ󣬶ʱѳӷģ
ҲǰУֻҪ˵̰һɣǧֹԻԥıѳӷ磬תǹͷԳӷ硣ͬˣӷӦ飬ѾˣȻѾˣҲˣǾҪǧֹһΣһΣҲᱳѳӷģӽ󣬾һУ˭Ҳ˵仵ԼĸףԼڣ


1177 Ӱ߱
ǧֹ˫ͬ㣬κ˿ǻë
ûͨѾͷ˼ʱ䣬ΪʲôͱӣΪΪһ𣿻ǣΪ˳ӷµĹϵ
˵Ϊӷ¶һ¶˿ֲˣɼΪ˵ĳӷ磬ֲֽһôĵز
Ȼ˵ĿֲʵΪˣΪϵĿֲֶεĿֲ
ǧҲ֪˵ʲôΪˣΪǧֹ˵Ҳûȫ˵ǳӷȵģûгӷĻؾ֮У˵һǵܻɣĻˣֻҪڣǾû˿ɿԣԶҪؾ֮УĹš
ѽʲôûУǧҪ˱˸˵Ķ飬Ƿݶдˮݣ٣ҲҪ飬ȽǷݴˮݵĶˣ󣬲ʱ֮ʱ
ǧ̾˿ŵڵϵʬ壬ѵԼѵ磬ĲʺԼԼָúȥδӣ
˿˵ûΣΪĴˣڿʼΪͽ峤֮λ㣬ȫ˸ôӣɡ
ǧֹ峤λһȤûУӲΪиҪҪǾһϸ¡
ŮТȴǸų򡣡
ǧ˿㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
Ѿ߲ˣҪΪɱĳϱ𣬲峤ŮҲҪ峤ļ̳ҲգҪǵĹá
Ҫң£ǻûǸ°ɡ
ǧֹԴӸ˳ӷ磬ʵҲõ˴ȵҪͬʱԸϣûġ
Ǿͷһ£⼸꣬ѧЩʲô
ѧģֻɱˣģҲᡣ
ȫס֡
ǧֹסԼ֮໥ɱȻ峤Ҳ治øȥˣֱµȥɣ
ǸĿƣԼ֮չɱѵǾȱھȪ֮Ҫ𣿡
ֹͣѽÿһ峤ϣ֮ǰȫ뾡һа취Ŀƣ뿪ؾɲ뿴Լ֮ѽ
峤˵ûǧ˿ȴѾˡ峤塣
ৡ
ϻ䣬һ˵Ķ漴˵ĳһģ˵ϣӣˣ
˴󾪣ѵ׷
תһֻڻɽڵһӷƮȻ䡣
ҿԾǣͬȫ塣ŵĻڿԡ
ǧֹӷû£ҲѾˣȻǴϲ˵ûˣ
ģû¡ǧֹ֮ǰı֣ҶѾˣģɱ˵һĻǿһġ
ⶼ¸ġ
Ҫ㽫ȫɱ⣬ĸڣ᲻ᶯ֣
¶ʦһʹѾˣҲѾû˿ǣˣֻҪһ£Ҫʲô¾ʲô
ܺãǽϼһɱˡ
ǡ
ǧֹӰһͭŽٴγϣৼֻ䣬գ֮䣬Ҳ˵ϣǧֹĽȴһѪա
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1178 ߲ʯ
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1179 ƴ˫Ѫ
һֱӷ綼ڵȴ߲ʯƬ֣Ϊ߽˵߲ʯƬպҲһεĽǬͨڸӡʹǬļһ޷磬һӷͽȥܶ鷳
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1180 ŮPK
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ܶ˵Ļݴλһ޴Ĵų֮УҲΪųĹϵͳʱ߿ռ䣬ЩɻƬ֮޲ģȫʱ߿ռ䣬͵һʱȥˡ
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1181 ɶŮǿ
ӷˣһŮ活ҲˣŮˣԼҵͽͬʱҲľǱ֮ˣû뵽ȴǿŮˣͬһʱԼǰҲ̫˰ɣһģԼҲͲҪǶˣԼԼˣ
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񷶦ĿС֮Դɢģ⵫ӷκεѹӲ˿ɵЧ
̣ͬһʱ϶쾳ĳǿߣҳҵͽǰһĻᶼûУ˵ǴˣԣҪҳ֮һá
ӷʶ񷶦ҪսףȻ֪ôȥǼսףû汦ҲòˣӷԿ϶սףŮһʶģģ͸˵ˣ˵ԼȻ˵ıֻҪ汦ͲЦѵԪܵ˿˺ǳӷΪʲôóŻһ϶쾳ǿߡ
ǳӷÿǿߣǿǿǸǳӷҲѽԼһ죬ֱ϶쾳磬ȻûﵽǵȾ磬ҪˣսǿʲôʵΪYYЦѵóӷС
ȥãʵڲУԻԪ񣬴汦顣
ӷһɲѽ
õģ̻ʱģ֮ڣգ̲ŻǲʱԷǰ;
ӷЦһл̡
仰ǳӷֱ˵ڵģŮ洸ȫˡ
ӷ磬ղ˵ʲô
ӷ϶ǿߣЦһ֪˵ʲôǾ͸ˡսףΪá


1182 PKɸ
䡭
һڳӷȼ𣬶ʱӿȾƬʡ
漴е棬ȫ˳ӷǰٵγһף׿γɣ֮Уַ·ӵ꣬ӵ㣬Ļ

ͻȻ䱬ѿΪļλÿһλ뵽˳ӷϡ
͸֮ǰڵһ⸱״ڳӷ֮ʱӷͺñȵҽƵģȼʮֵʹ࣬棬ɱƵҩ滹Ҫǿ౶ӷ壬Ϊ㣬޾ȼš
ѽ
ӷһҽУʹ࣬˭ܲסģȼԪʹ࣬ȼձ壬Ҫǿϰٱǧ
ʮǰѾԶɽ˵֮Уɼۣû⸱ף˳ӷУ˳Զɽ֮⣬˭Խ̳ӷôȥʹ⸱ס
Ȼĵпܴ⸱ף߳ӷȥʹܼ򵥣ӷ绽ҪŻŮ洸ĵģľôԼǳҵˣҲɵʹս׵ķ߳ӷ磬óӷԸԼѽ
ʹڽɢȥͬʱӷָоޱȵĳأڲ֪ȥʹս֮ǰ⣬޷ˣɳӷֲòȥֳأҲҪĶ֣Ӧÿܽ϶쾳ĳǿ߸ܰɣ
һ׵ĳӷɢǿҵĻ⣬Ů洸ǿߣ޷۾ֻȥӦǿҵĻˡ
ָоѵǡܣԲܡ
ѾʼëȻǳҵţȻ֪ʲôˣ֪ӵŶ
ŮҲµʲôϾҲǳҵ£ԶʱڣΪƽʢӵңùҲǼֵǣֻʱĳȣ޷϶Ϊһˡ
桭սף
ĵһĸ֣ڳ˵ǣ֪жôؼѡ
ŮӦ˻֮ҲΪ˵ĸֱŵɫ࣬սףⲻܣƾСӵΪôܴսף
϶쾳Ů໥һۣٿӷʱǵ飬֮ǰȫͬˣ֮ǰԳӷǾԵĲмڣǾԵĲ˼顣
ôܴսף
ָųӷʵ
ӷƮԭһҲŮ洸ʱҲԵĸ
û취ҪˣǾһҪ߱ԵϷʸ㶼ûУôȥأ
ģ⸱ףİɣ
Ȼᣬ㡭
㲻Ҫ֪Ϊʲôܴ⸱ףֻҪ֪Ҵ⸱ʱɱҲҷֺ
ӷ⻰ɲںˣ㣬ǳĸŮ洣֪ġ
֮Ȳ˵ȼӲһ϶쾳ĳǿߣҲ̼֮ˣ򣬳͵Ǹˡ
Ծڤ磬һʲôĵطҲҺǲ֪ģǳһˣҲ֪ս˵ڤ磬ӦһŻĵط˵һŻĵ
ӷ磬˵ôս׵ģսף϶쾳ǿ֮⣬ˣͲܴϡ
˵ôϵǲҪ֪֮ǰҲ˵Ľ첻ҵĻġ

ķһЦ˵СܴսΣѵ֪ôս׵ӳ𣿶ңΪһ壬ֻҪ϶ΪһܷӳǸʱ򣬱˵ǺӾްҹҲĶ֣֮ǰ㣬֮ǰһʲôǡ
֪ôս׵ӳҳս֮⣬ű飿㲻һ¡
ӷֱӾͰѻ˵ˣʱѽЦֻӷӣ֮ڲܽǰǿܵĻЦѾҪԻԪ񣬽汦ӷˡ
˵ǳĻŮ洣һҲҶŮ洲ӷ磬顣
ӷ磬ս׻㣬㣬⿪ӡ֮£ڱУ죬ҲҪɡ
롣
Ů洶Գ˵ڣǺŹͬĵ˰ɡ㲻ս֮£ҵסСӣȱӡ⿪޷йսףС޷ս׵ӳ֮£ǿԱ
ô϶ܽս׵ӳ
Ȼģ֮ǰͲᱻѹסңˣӾްҹϵĿģӷСܽս׵ӳǺӾްҹͳˣбҪ𡣡
Ůôһ˵ӷּһѣţһ㶼ɵѽŻģڵãǸ޿ˡ
Ŀųӷϵսףһ£˵ãȰ㵲סȥ⿪ӡ
ģ֪ڰôĺ𣿡
ҲЩ˵ˣףӦңڴϣȻȻԸ⽫ս׸ҵĻȻᷴԸģʱһ֣ɱӾްҹ
ߣɱӾްҹ㵱ɵˣӾްҹĹϵָһеһУıء
ӷ磬ұ㸸׵ϲ붯㣬㲻Ҫ̫֡
ҰֵϣѽڲҪˣģɡ
ӷ˵⻰ʱͺˣ治һеĳԼصսôѽ˵ˣŮѾ߲ʯȥˣ̫õʱ䣬ͿԽӡ⿪һǬٴɱŮ֣ԼֶһǿУ


1183 
ڳҲɵϣΪŮ洵ļ仰ȥŮ洵סӷ硣
ӷҲʱѯЦս׵ʹ÷ܿϧõĴ𰸣ȴǳӷ첻ģΪҪս׵ӳû汦֮·ӳΪҪʥ磬Ҳֻܴˡ
ӷĿŮѾȫס߲ʯ߲ʯ˽⣬ټ߲ʯͳѺۣҪ߲ʯٵӡ⿪ǻ֮顣
ʵҲˣֻŮ洵һӣڹ֣֮У¡һ죬鴫˵е߲ʯӡǬͨڵķӡƽˣȫƽˣ֮Ǭ磬ǿʱģߵˣҲʱǰǬ磬ϣļһ֮⣬ܵǬȥ鷳
ۿһѾΪ˶֣ӡһƽ⣬Ů洵Ĵ£϶ϸǬ֣ҲҪκεʣΪ˶ԿԼң磬Ů洣Ǭ磬ǸӷǬʲôģһ߳⣬ǺͻʢӷǬӦϣڳߵв֮£ǽһôĽӷúԴҲĵأ
鷳ˣ¿鷳ѽ
ӷ̾˿ڳӷ̾ͬʱϷŮ洷һЦ˵˹űּǰǬ磬Ǭּ֣֮Ȼ֪ô
ѱ֮˹˵ǣŮСǰ
˹ۻ⣬ֱӳǾ޴֮УҲ߲ʯ֮ǰ֮
Ů洣ӣҳҿսˣѵʤҳҵİ𣿡
ӷ磬֪С˵ʲôûҵȷǿ󣬵һӴǿֻĻҲܻµġ
ʲô˼
ʲô˼ڲõĽͻ֪ˡ
ŮѾ˷ӡ˹ǰǬ磬Ҳ˵һ̿ʼǬǱߣѾߺˣӷȴֻܿһеķʲôˣ
ⲢֳܹӷһˣҲǳӷһܹеģε⣬ǳԶɽۣ˵ңһ££ԸҴ֮ˣ
Ů活صߣҲܳĽʲôˣӣҲԳӷô˵ģһ£̡
ǺӾްҹˣ֮䣬ûʲô˵ġ
㲻Ҫ̫ˣҪ֪֮£ңһ֪ģ뱾һҲ˵ԭ򣬳ҷ棬һһҧѾ뱾ˡ
Ů洣ɵϡ
ûǸ˼ֻ¶㣬Ҳдôġ
ôҪĶˡ
ûҪĶŮ洸ˣӾްҹŮ洸
ӣĶԺӾްҹĳ𣬵ȷģܶ鲻ܹ⿴棬ʵôģû֪
һ֪ô
һתתҲû˵ʲôֱӳϿշȥ֮š
Ů洴ЦһԳӷ˵Ϊս׾Ϳݺ޵Уܿ죬ǳңͽٴδйΣȥۣ߳ţ֮󣬱ȥġ
˵꣬ŮҲ磬ʣ³ӷһƮ֮У£һֲԤС
ѵӾްҹİţ
սջز񷶦Ц˵̻سң¸үүΪڣѾܴ˵ˡ
УүүѾǬ罻Ҵˡ
ŮѾ
̣Ӧ˽үүƢȻ罻ңǾһҵˣ˵ǬѾȥˣٴ£үүܡ
Ц̾˿˵Ȼˣ͸Ͽûصĵط׼һаɡһֲõԤУңϾҪˡ
磬Ů洸ƽƽ֮ϣûСˡ
ʲôֱ˵˰ɣ
Ļܼ򵥣뱾һ𣬶Ըۡ

ĲɵһЦ˵ǲ֪ߵغѽ
Ȼ֪жߣж񡣡
Ȼ֪ǻ˵ҪԸۡ˵㣬ǺӾްҹҲǳ۵Ķ֣㣬Ӧú򣬺ӾްҹҲҪˣԼͿֱȥ˳ۡ
һѾԽ϶쾳ǿߣǵȻ֡Ҫɱһˣ֮⣬Ҫı
Ϊ۾һçʱʮ꣬Ҫεȵԡ
Ҳòϣ۵Ӳ֮¡
Ȼ֪˵ҪԸۡ£ҡ
㻹Ҫ֪һ£ϣһֶǿǿߣҲǵвġ
һ䣬е㺦ˣ˵˵ѵǡ
û
ȥԸۣ֪ɵˡӵǵֺαΪһ۶գҪ֪ǿ
ҲҪ֪һ֮⣬ͬʱһռ䡣ֻҪܽ۽ռ䣬Ҫ֪ռʮܻصʮʱ䣬һУѾɶ֣ȫһۣʲôá
㣬벻ķַķֻЩ̬ļһĳ
ûȷǺӾްҹ뵽ġҲӦֻҪ˳֮гҵġ
һӾްҹ˵ţһУû뵽һ۵ĳ֣ͽƳԲҪˡ
ǴӦǲӦҪ֮⣬ԶܱģΪԶܳԽӾްҹ
һ£̾˿˵ҪԶһͽˡҲûϵֻҪɱӾްҹʱлҳȡ
ܺáȻѾӦˣǾ̸̸ƻɡ
⣬˵ƻҪͲ磬ǳһ˶ѡ
һۣԴһ硣
ҪҲǼ׵顣
㣬ӾްҹѾһǧˣһǧǰʱѾڰˡʱֻҪ֣Ӿްҹµĺ磬򿪺ռ䣬ʱҲȻˣ۽ռġ
Ľӻ֮󣬺ͻѹ۱ںռ䣬һԶɽǲֵܵסôǿߵġ
û
ǳӷأӾްҹһУΪ˳ӷ𣿡
㲻ҪܣӾްҹаš֮ҪĶ³֮󣬶㡣
ҾðһΡ˵ɣƻʲôʱʼ
ȳӷʱ
ӷôܻȥ
Ȼȥģĵžˡ⣬Ϊ˼ƻܹ˳УǱߵһУߵһУ֮ǰĽŲУôôó˿Ĳ


1184 
ǣԼҺԺ
Ҳ֪ˣ˵˸ı䣬Ȼڼٳţ°ؼҵԽ֮⣬ֲ֮ڵģЩ˿Ǵ۾û뵽λ޵µĿʨȻҲʼˣˣѾе͸ˣ
뷽飬ԽѾƴȨⲢûֻЩڰнеģһЩĹԱҲȫµԽµЩ˰ƣ
ΪһԪ׵Խ죬ȴֻߵţһҲҶһܾͻģĴңΣһԪףҲǳеġһңػţ룬ʹŹҡ
ʱ䣬Խ°һţͼŮڴԺֹģҲ֪˵Щʲô
ӤȻѾͷúȥΣϹЩʲôأ
ӤȻ˵裬ˣ
ѾͷѧˣֲˣȻҲҪ°Ϣġ
裬ûĴԣ
ʵ
ԣѾͷ֪Щԣûʱ䡣
˵裬⴫ԿǸйصġ
Ŷйأ˵˵ǲǾǼҶˣ
ĻУ˭Ҷġ˵ǾǣԴǹҴӮձ֮ȫ£˭ѽ̷ֻ
Խɫ΢䣬ʵ̷ʲôˣ
ԽΪĵģҲ׼۶ӾǣôҲģڲųѾԽˡ
ӤȻ˵Ϊ̷ʲôŻдԵġ
ŶʲôҲдԣ
ѽǿ̷ԴӰŽ󣬾͸ûõͷƵģôܻûдءܶ˵̷ˣ鶼Ѿˣ֪ڼֲݵģû˵ǵģȥɾû˰̷ˡ
Ѿͷôһ˵Խ첻Ц
Խ˵λӣ˵Ů˵ĿģԼ䷶ҲضʷǣԽԼ֪ʵԼһΪʧܵŮˣʮǰܲסԼɷ򣬶ʮĽҲܲסԼĶӣΪһŮˣ㶼ûãѵʧ
죬Ů˵ۣԽŸе΢΢İοѵѾĵˣҪˣЩˣѾ޹ˣ
Ұοһ£ԽҲ֪ʱı֣ҲͲ˵ʲôˣֱȥҳۣʱʲôĵˣȴϣ⻹ûԺһЩԼ飡
£ǱѾ
Գ۵ĳƺҲѾıˣѾԳһԶɽΪ̫ɽʣΪʵۣӷΪ̫ӣƺϣȻҪı䡣
۽ӹ۹һ򿪿һۣЦˡ
£Ǻı֮£̫뵽ȥȻ̫ΪʣǾͷһϵѽ
Ǹʵ˳ĵ룬ҲӦĻ̫ˡģӷ飬ԼӦܴ̫ġ
Ǳ£̫ĿǰΪҲǰѽ
ҿɹܲˣֻҪӷˣҪô飬ųĻΪ׵ģҲܲˡ
ڸӵˣǳֹֻҪ¸߳ӷͿˣһ˳ӷ磬ԳӷԸ񣬿˭ҲֹǰģһԼߣͽΣҲʱʢҲ͵ڣӷ磬ںΪʣ
飬Ժţ˿Խŭ˽ʵ˵ʲô
ɫһ䣬Ҽ߶ǺģҲûȥ⣬۸Ӳȥ⣬ֻû뵽Խô磡
˻ˣ¾¸ˡ
ɹܲ£Ϊ
ۿЦһ˵죬°ˡ϶˰ɣȥԷɡ
վס
𣿡
˵ʲôʱֳ˸Уӷĳƺôˡ
죬̫ˣйʷ翴˰ɡ
ҵɵˣ

˵ӷǲֳʲô£
۲ܽԽѽ˵ˣˣֻ֮ܺ˵һͨ
Ǹǳҵĵˣڶӷ硣죬ɷģӷ粻µġ
ǳҵĵˣǳҶȵλˣ˸ΪУɼԷһСһҴδģǾ˵ǸʲôģӦ˺ܾãڲų֡
ǰɣ㲻Ҫ̫࣬ԷҲиŮ޲ȥ˵ǵĶӷǳɫǵĶȥһǱߣס
ɸղ˵ӷΪʲô˼
ʣ˰ɣŮŶԡ
ӷѾˡ
ⲻӷ粻ȥԷһ᲻ˬģǸʱҪҲ鷢ɣ
ҿһ¡


ԽǰֱӸ˹һǹʲô
Ҳ
һֹ֣㵱Ȼˡ
֪ǲġҿɾ㣬òҪƭңӷ£Ҹûꡣ
ģôܻǵĶӳء
ӷʲôʱȥ
֪ӷԼԷҲгˣ˵ӷʲôʱȥǾʲôʱס
ۣԽ˵ҸյϢ¸µףȫиֶۼ룬۷۷񣬺İɣ
ǰɣôˣ̫ǵˡ
㸺һ£µʱ
ô
ȻȫµĸֶҪսӷ磬ǾȫΪӷ°ܽӷҲ
ۿЦһĸףȻһĸףôԶӵ·һʱ򣬻Ҫվڶߵģ
ã֪ˣİɣ֮ұ֤ӷ粻µġ
۸Խһ߳˺Ժȴ֪һľıڰнţ


1185 ڶԪƷ
ڵϵĻɽѾˣεĻɽ˵൱޴ģϾǺڻң˵еһУȫҽˣЩصľʯ֮⣬ҲǽΪĶɡ
ڵϵľ񣬸еοͣҲǧֹǸˣеľӷ粻ȥʣҲȥʣΪӷҪģֻһ£ǾǾ콫ԼΪȥ׼Ǭ֣лһĵĽϡ
񷶦ڣʯѾȫûˣǳӷ벻ģ񻹵ĹУȻʧܣʹĵʯȫˣƳʮ񻹵
ӷҲԭ񻹵õĳɹʸߣΪʱĳɹʵףȥ½ĵʯȫδƳһٿ񻹵ֵҩʵ̫ѵˡ
ĵĻᣬԺҲˣʮŵҩôѽ
ӷͷʹԣʮŵҩԼһȫˣȻüΪģô죿ܲܵԼɣ
ЦڳӷƵҩĹжû˵ӷ̾˵Ҫ֪Ŀǰ˵ԼסĻôȥˡȻ֪ôģ̿ԸоĵӦòս׸汦֮£ֻҪĳɾͣһԳԽֵģеˣҲУֻǸʱˡ
ֻ̣֪ʱ⣬ģʱˣ޲ĽһΪá
ȲҪ˵ôˣȻƳΪĵҩҪģǾΪΪһֺܲõĸоо֮ǳңᷢһ¡
ӷһ㶣˵̣Ҳָо
ѵҲУ
ûŮ洽⿪ӡҾָоˣܸоǱ߻ʲô¡ң£ܸҰйأ
Цԥһ£˵ڵĳңǿڳţ˵Ļֶˣô
ܵģôܻ£޵еʵˣǺӾްҹĳˣҲδصеĹֵġ
ֻôһ˵ˣϣ̵ĵĲΪʵɡôôһ壬Ҫ֣ھͳµҩһһɣҪȵǿдǸʱһжѾˡ
ӷ˵ͷֱӳһ񻹵
񻹵Ȼ֮ǰֵҩҪĶ࣬ӷճһţܸоڵȣڲϵȫһǿҵţѪеҲ
ͬʱڲ񷶦ڣǷЩǿԴ
ڣȻӵ˶Դӣʵǲѽ
ӷѾ˰գȫҲѾڽջڣģѪ⡣
ǿҵ⣬񷶦ǾŸԪҲ֮ϷޣҲʼ
ӷое㲻̫Ծ˵ҩƷƷ񷶦Ҳôͷ˵ĶѽοڵڲͣΪûȥ
ڴ˿̣Ѿʯȫ˹ͬʹǻȴʱĽԪɢ˿˿Ľ⣬ǵ㣬쵽ԱߵڶԪ֮ʹĵڶԪʼɢǿҵĽ⡣
˿̵ĳӷ´ϲԣѵڶԪҪĻֻҪȵһԪȴʱˣԪͬԼһ壬ԼԭԼԵʱ˼ְѽ
컯һѽ
ӷأȻһǿѪ⣬ķɢȥѪĵڶԪֱ˹ڲ񷶦ڣͣķš
ܺãڶԪ񣬾ȻƷ֮ǰˡڣͿԽõڶԪڳµҩ֮⣬ǿһˡ
Цʵ⻰ʲô˼
̣ûмģ
ʲôôܣ˵𾳽磬磬Ҳ첻ѽ
飬ңɡ
ЦѿЦһɣҲ̫˰ɣ뵱꣬Ҳ͵ˣδȺѽ
ӷҲ˵ֱӻڶԪ˵˵ڶԪ񣬵һԪûȴǵµ׻һãӷȴԽҩڶԪĹϵʹԼ𣬴Ʒľ磬ֱƷľ磬еˣͺñһѧƵģڵĳӷ˵ٺòˣ
֮ǰΪ飬Խ𾳽Ͳˣû뵽ΪڶԪѣĺ£ַԼϡ
Ԫ

ԪһӷоڶԪȻȵһǿһ࣬Ҳʹĳӷո񷶦ˡ
֮Դ

񷶦յ֮Դ̼Χ˳ӷӷ绹ܸоܵǿѹ֮ǰҪ࣬Ҳ˵ӷԸʱ䣬ȥʹò񷶦ˡ
Ʒ
顭
ҵĲӳӷڱͬʱӷӰһһǰһѾõһȫµԴ
ԪƷ磬ټȫµԴӾްҹŮ洣ģڲõĽǵĩա
㣬Ʒľ磿
̣ҿɴӲڿҲһ뵽취ġһ£߲ʯû߲ʯǿǺöѽŮڻ߲ʯ˷ӡ֮󣬲ûȥЩʯͷҵϣѾмˣ߲ܽʯۼĻǾܽ¯Ƴµ߲ʯܣǾͿͳȫµʵˡ


1186 ˫
뿪񷶦ӷ֮䣬һ㶼͵ʱҲٵ͵ˣĳЩǿǰҲѾûе͵ʱˣȻˣֺαȥʲôأʮĳ쵰ţǴڿʼôģǾôġ
Ʒȫ˳ҽѾӵ˵İףڣ죬Ŀ߲ʯƬҲ˳ĿƬȥɢڸصƬ
߲Ƭǰ
ӷһأϣƷľ䲻˵ǸߣĳЩ˵ҲǸϷˣаĴˣҪ֪˹ǼۣҲʥ磬ҲʥһƷҶѣԣӷһ󺰣ֱӴ硣
ڵĳĸŮ洵һʱ½紫Ůʵ˵ҵ磿
һСȶŮ½ǡ
˵Ǻˣ
ǳӷ硣
ʲô
Ů洸໥һۣոӷ꽻һʱ䣬ӷôܾ͵˵ľ硣
˵Ů洲ţҲš
ⲻܣӦƷľ硣żӷ磬ΪƷľ磬һ֮ҲֱӴƷƷѽ
С˵Ů½紫ģȷǳӷɣСʹ񾵣Ů￴һ¡
СӻóһͭϷһ̱ͭ󣬱ΪһԲεĻɢ⡣
֮ͭڣһӰˣǳӷ硣
Ů洸ͬʱǰ˶ǰһĻӷȻ߲ʯƬң߿Ƭȫˣ֮⣬ԳӷɢƷľ磡
ģ
Ůɫ΢䣬ǵģӲ£ֻǸе̫˼ˣȻ˿ԴƷľֱƷѽ
ǱҲǰ첻ġҲ̫̬ˡ
˵˵㣬ǺӾްҹҲ
Ƕڴ£ô
Ҳǳҵˣ֪ܰ쵽ģӦֻгһ˲Ŷԣû뵽ӷ磬Ҳ԰쵽
ȻǳҵˣӦ֪⽫ʲôɣ
Ȼ֪ǣҳԾڤ翪ʼഫŵһ˵
˵ʲô˵
˵ҳҺУһˣԳԽ϶쾳硣ǰͬ߱ҸһˣΪҾǳҵǸ˵ԼĺܣҲǣҲ԰첻
Խ϶쾳磬㱾֪Ѿ쵽ˡǣӷôܡ
ܣǺӾްҹΪʲôҪϳӷԭɣܣӷǸĴ˵
ӷǳҵǸ˵ǳʲô
ĿЦһ˵뿪ұϾôˣôҲַʲô֪Ҳһ
ңһأǿļ壬Ҫ֪еܣҲֻܴǸڤˣǸطȴѾˡ
ȲùЩĿǰֻҪҪĶ飬Ҳܡ
ǱߣѾҷ룬ڳӷʲôʱȥӦûɳӷԼȥԿ϶֮ڣ߸ͲҪôãӷһȥġһ㣬ġ
㵣ĵģλ֮£
ûҪǰǾͱҪλΪʥ磬ãӷʲôʱܵ
˭֪ѽӷСһУѾǳ͵ٮٮˣȴиë֪ϹæҪͲһκˣǰ첻ġ
˵ûӣֻܵˣңҪĿųӷʥ磬ǣֹ
ǣ㣬ңֹΪϵ㣬ӾްҹҲһѵģ
Ů洲ԣ飬ǳѿ
еĳӷѾ߿߲ʯƬȫۼһ𣬵һӣ񷶦Ƚ߿Ƭ˲񷶦С
ǵĽҲ˵߲ʯû̫ôٿƳһǳõķ񣬳ӷȴҪ߿ƬЦѵֻеḶ́ӷ绹û뵽ˡ
߲ʯѾռˣǬǿƲסˣӣһǼӦɡˮڣͷ·һ塣˭˭ӮǸδ֪ء
ڰһ˿Ǭ磬˹ѾǬĹ֮С
Ǭ磬Ǹ磬˶ĵζʵڲסѽ
󵨡˹㵱ǵˣȻڴǰ˵ȷĻ
һӰָ˹ŭ
˹ŭЦӣǬ磬ǲӭˡȻˣǲ۾ͽ»Ůɡ

ͬΪӰǬֹס˹ʵŮ뱾УΪʲôҪ뱾
ŮķּӦдĺ˰ɣۿɲ֪ԭ򡣡
Ǭһ£˵ǾظŮ洣£ݱһ£Ͼ֪Ů˵ģǼ١
ǬӦʾһ·Ǳ߰ɣǺãǾɣҪһ䣬ǱߣҲѾ֪ˡ
ŶѾ֪ˣ
Ůֻǵİܶ飬ȴЩСԶʵģǬͬȻǷ£ǾӦ֪еһЩܰɣ
Ǭ˵ͷ˵ǾظŮ洣ͬ˫ҲµĳޣôҶԿŮ派
ǾлǬˣͻȥǬԭŮ
˹֮һӰʵΪʲôҪŮ洺ǵĴѽ겻ͨЩ꣬ҲҪڰˣصȥˡ
Ǭ̾˿˵ּⷨŮµģŮ洵Ļα
Ů洣ǻ˭
һֱӰڰУֻӰݵǬ˿еľ˵ʼʱ¡
ʼʣĸʼʣ
Ӿޡҹ


1187 ת
ʱĺܿ죬תѾһ¹ȥˣҲ˵۷֮սӲԶˣһӷ粢ûлػʢ٣һϾĵطһЩ顣
ӷԵҩģȡЦѵΪӷЦѲ񷶦ôģЦѳ磬Ȼ֪Ǹڵ飬ǧǰΪʲôʧЦѲȴ֪ڵÿһӣʮ֮ţΪõҩȣΪ޷ϵ෴Ϊҩҩ໥ĹϵĽתΪϣԳӷŲһҩȫȥ
ȻһӷҲʲôûõЦѵΪȻ۷徳磬ļʶɱȳӷƷǿҪĶ࣬ҲΪЦѽӷ磬ȻŴ֮ԴΪ֮ãΪʲôѻЩԴȫΪһ壬ԴΪһʩչȻҪһֽһֵʩչҪ౶
ȵʱ򣬳ӷͲ֪ôܽԴΪһȥʹãЦѵָ㣡
Ҫ֪ԶɽȳȻǿߣɲ㿴һŮˣһˣŮ˾һĽɫΪ飬أЦѾЩ꣬Ϊ϶Ҳ϶쾳ģЦѵָ㣬ӷһ֮ڣ潫Դȫ
ɽ֮У֮漴޵֮ںΪһ壬ҲԴ֮ڣԴͬʱȻǿ屶ϡ
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֮£ӷֻܽԴջأǿ֮ԴҲʱɢȥ
תֻܽһתȥתһ룬֮ǰԴͻ⣬⵽ô£
ӷͷҲ벻ͨЦѵķȷЧѽԴҲļģΪʲôֻܽһתȥɡ
תǳӷһǰƷʱڲ񷶦ڵõԴνľתžֲͬı仯ÿһߣͻǿһԴõĵطǣǵ˵׾תҪ֮ԴҲֻǵһתô࣬Ҫȥһ㡣תһʩչʩչ֮˾Դ㣬ΪһԳһеϰʲôӡǽ磬޷ȥֵ
ò˵ת䲻ǰ㣬ž޴ɱҲ֮޵ǰ㣬ǧֻҪתһɽأ䴩Խˣ˵Ҫλ˵ǰҪʥΪתȴԴʥڻ֮Σͬһɴ㣬֮ȥģȥģֻ⡰ɴȴʩչ߱仯ɵģ
£ǲ̫ļġ֮ǰŵ˺ôô̵ʱֽԴںΪһ壬Ѿ˲ˣ㻻үүҲǰ첻ģ̿ȵΪֹɣɽҲ˲һˣǱ߶֪᲻ᷢʲô£ǸϽȥɣɲҪɱֲ
һ¸ˡٹ죬۷֮սˣʱ£ΪУңҪһ֮ȥǶԿ
ʲô˵ĸ֣Ҫ㶯֣
̲õģֻҪŮ洸Ĳ֣ЩСϺףһûŮ洸ĵݣҲмȥμһε۷֮ս
۷֮ս˵ô¡
ν۷֮սʵҪһ۷ϵ۷Ұڶʮǰģϵǰʮڡڵʱǰʮֻ۷ĸ֣ڣȴѾҲü𾳽ˡ
ԭиҪսԭΪǸ۷ģ
ҲǣԭΪڼǰҰڸˣɱ˹ǹ۷ϵĸ֮һһȥᣬҪǸλӣҪľǴҡֻҵʱû뵽ֺü𾳽ĸ֣ҲǳͳǼ֡
ڣ֪̫ڵĵӣʮǰѾ磬Ϊڵû뵽Ȼɱӣⳡ۷֮ս˴ɣʮħĸҲģ
˴֪ʮħʲô
ǸаĵطаЩʱ䲻ˣһֱڡŹùãСŮһѧǳʮħ֮׵Ĳؽħնνǲؽħľѧ
ӷЦһ˵ӣİ˴֮⣬һҪ׼ʲôʮħսˡ
ʮħһǿߣΪʮǰѾ𾳽磬ҲӦõ˸ͬľɡ⣬˴Ҳ֣о߸СɷеѪʹѾսںˣǲǿߣ˻ޣΪӦò֮£
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ԣһսûеô򵥡
ЩˣҪܹһɱһɡ̣һһ⣿
ǲǺүү
ʲô̡
ޣ̴û޹үүΪʶүүʱ֪һôˣȻ֪ʲôˣԸһȻ׼ģүүȫ壬Ҳûֹ
һ⡣
Сôࡣ
Ϊ۷֮սŹùҲһֵģΪŹùñ۷ϵĸ֣۷ҪŹùһս֮ˣܲ֡ʱҪҪ̵飬߾Źùã
ǧҪСŮƢ֪ģͶүү¸ǻ鷳ġ
Źùöүүôѽ
ΪүүŹùδһңҲˣ
⻹̫ˣû뵽ôһ£үү˫Ѫѽ
Ҳģ
ǵģ£Ҳˣ㵽ʱӲҪŹùԶʹѽ
ˡֱ̣۷սɣƸõˣѾȫˣʱϱʶ
ϱƼҵѾͷɡ
֪£
ǵȻģƵ㾭̸ʶүүôܻ֪ң£ľأȻүү𡣡
ԭˣҸɵףԶģǵʱһҪܡ
ýˣ̵飬˭Ҳ׼ߣүүڡ
ǣүү᲻֪𣿡
æź飬ǲȥĵģӲ֪Ѿ뿪˵ġ
Ҫô߲ʯƳķˣȺүүܵȥ̵Ԫˣǹ˻࣡
ˣ㣬ǸϽ߰ɣҪϱġ


1188 ɼ
˵ɼǶһʱ뵽ȻǺ룬ƬԭأپǣٴƬˣֻҪɼοͣͻܵȥתתڴܼĿеżǣЩֲסں룬ô׼ˣʱ䣬˵°ɣ˵ЩˣͨĹԱûں룬룬ȫرƵģû֪⵽ôһ¡
˺֮⣬֮ڣɼеľƵ꣬ȫסˣȫɼˣǴģַɫ˶УŮ٣ÿһҵҲˡ
ò˵ɼЩƵ꣬׬ˣĺܶˣɼûطסܶο֮£ֻܷأЩžͲ֪˶١
Ǹͽ㶩Ƶˣ¿ɺãҪ˯ֲǣ
ܲãҲû뵽ᷢѽɼеľƵ꣬ȻȫסˣǴδѽ
ŮվһҺƵſڱԹţйŮˣ
ȥһ£ܲҳ䷿ҿԸʮǮ
ܲãѽʮǮˣľһĵǸ˵ûˣЩԱļʱƵ귿䣬סأ
ǵùˡϴ绰ܹ˾øҰľƵꡣ
Ѿˣɼûˣ
ôɼ׷ʲô£ΪʲôÿҾƵ궼ûˡ
һ治֪Ҹղ˵ڱ֮ڣɼ˺ܶˣÿҵĶУŮٵģƵҲûһ߳ģͲο͡
ôֵ飡
ͱȽйŮԴ˳̸⣬Լ粽ѽ֪ͲӦܹˣ
ܲã˵ںܶɼļʼˣҪҲ
˵ʲôأȥסҿ̨ҵͷҵļ̳ˣȥסҵʲôˣ
ʹŮ˿ʼԹⶼʲôʱˣˣСӣ治֪ܲôȥġ
ι˵ʲô
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Щѽ治֪ǵ鶼ȥˡѵ㲻֪ĳλΰ˵ҪһˣһҪ󡣡
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˵ʲô
ûû˵ʲô
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ܲãǻҪ취ѽɼһҴ˾̸飬סĵطûУǿɶ˶ˡңģҲɼء
ʲôղ˵˭ˣ
ѽǸһ·ɻģһء
ôܣˣôû
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ģϴڱҵ黹ûˣȻҲܵϵӷ磬ȻһҪӷúýѵһ¡ĸͬʱµķɻɼòɣ
⻰䣬ͼһӳ͵ĺɫ˹˹ͣ˾ƵſڣƵľҲ˳Դ˳ţӭߡ
ۼ˹˹ģǱˣպþ£ǾƵľʮֵؿһֱϹ˵ʲôͰź֮Ļ
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ŮֹѾ˳
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Ƶ߿ģҵȻзסˡ
һ⻰ˣԾӢ˵㣬ϸ׼ͳ׷
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ɷʶܲãҲҷһ£Ҫ˵ȴֲ˵
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ܲã棬ûˣ䣬³ʱ˵ġңһǣ˵һ
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һһһ졣

ˣ˵ƵҵĲҵѽҿλܲãëǡ
ҲŭˣԼʲôʱ򶪹ôѽԼҵľƵſڡ
˵ôûˣ
һ˵ʦ֣ˣ죬۷֮սˣɼľƵ꣬Ȼȫס˸֣ĻзѽһѾˣλͦΪѵģЩ֪ˣǻøѽ
һģǻɽһĵӣҲµʦܣ䲻μ۷֮սģȴսģ֮սôܴʵɼһĸֻ֣йսķݣս۷ǻûʵȥҲ
ûطסΪʲôأ˵Ӧûܵðɡ
һŮ˵Ӻ洫ййˡ
¸תһǴϲ
ɣ
硣
£û뵽СĻͦġ
ƴţˣ̼Ůȫһˣû뵽һˣôò죬ȫɼۼˣ


1189 ǿǿ
ҵҾƵʵûطסˣɼеľƵҲˣϾƼǾ޴ģϿؼһֱûнƼҸѹȥҪɼҵŵĵطͲ⣬ΪһЩ濴ͨıãȫƼҵĲҵ
һʮ¥ĴſڣƼɼķֲƽɼߵĹԱĵطȻƼҴСˣȻͳΪһҺƵꡣ
֮ȫۼһ˳ӷֵܽøŮ֮⣬ˣûеǵˣûϵϡ
£ʲôʱ򵽵ģô绰Ҳ򣿡Ǭʵôòеˣ֮ֵ֮壬ô˵ǳսѽ
ҲǸյɼģӣҲǣȻҿɾͲˡ
ɽ˵£Ӿ̫ԣʱʵڸ鷳ˡ
ĻǸţҿǱĽͷöѽ
ͱˣѾͷģһ̨屻Ҷе㲻̫˼ӷˡ
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໥һۣûһ˵
ƴţ˵ǳҲ֪ʲôϸ´Ǹ˵ҪһԶţɵڶûл
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ڵǹطȥʲô
ѵǲ֪𣬸ڵͱˡ
ѾţֻǻɽѣطĻɽҲ𣬺Ҳû̫Ӱ죡ձ֮⡣
һɣǳɽӷйء룬ʱɽʱпǷӿѽͨ˿Ȼ仯Ӧֱ֪仯û൱޷ɵġ
˵񻹲ӷܰ쵽İɡ
е㵣ģӷǲʲôǿĵˣ᲻ʲô¡
ⲻܰɣʲô˻ܴĹѽ
֮Իܶǿߣ֪ģĲ˵硭
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⻰ý󸲻ˬˣŭ󡣬ȫҶ󡡣үҿǸ߼š
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õģѾ֪ͨϹˣӦҲϵɼˡ
ϹңòˣСӻһĹءƴţм
ɸϹһˣĿǰӷ簲ڹڵģȻѾɼμⳡ۷֮սǹȻʱȫϹҸӷ簲֮ˣҲӦùˡ
ӷߣʵǿģŵȣڣֵܵסһӣ󣬻Ҫӷ硣
ǿǿɽڡˣҶ׼һ£ϵְɣӷû֮ǰߣҪγһ˸ˡ


1190 հµ
ʮ㣬ɼѾҹҲŲҹ֮ƵĳУÿҹʱ򲻵˾ַǳ
۷֮սʱ䣬ڣɼĸ֣ǲᵽܵģЩսģڸסĵطĵĵȴţȴⳡ֮սЩҪ۷ľ͸ûʱ䵽ˣ˻ʣʱץȡ۷մһϯ֮λ
ǣȴЩһסĵطʱ䣬ʲôʱţһôûУܸԼˡν򲻴¾ˣοڻǷǳʱڣʱľͷԣҪȵģһȣͻ
г𲻱ǾǸŮˣֻҪ˸Ҷ飬;ԲŹԷģ͸˵˹֮ˡ
ţھ͹ȥһˣѰµǻ쵰ǧҪסиһµһˣˣҲܵɼ˵ʱǧҪСһ㣬Ҫˡ
ѶԻƴţڰʱѾˣµǻ쵰Ҫ۷ŶûУϴھǴ̣ɲһ˵ģȻӷ絽ڶûг֣ԼЩֵܽõģȻҪ̽ˣµǻ쵰ϵԼЩԺĻѽ
㣬㲻ǽһȥɣǱ߿иѽһǷˣҲͲûˡ
Сӣƽﲻǵͦ𣬵˹ؼʱ̣ͷڹꡣ
ҲǸ˼Ƕ֪֪˵Ƿǳ󣬾Ϊ̫ˣһġµʱˣҪ۷֮սǰ˰µǾͲ̫ˡȻҪȥҲԣҾԲüͷ⣬ǿɲܹң
ƴţѽҲСѾ뵽ûµһĸ֣鷳ˣԼЩ˵ʵôѽ
ţ˵ҲûƢ϶Ҫµġ
¶˶٣˵ȥɡ
㣿ǸֻҪһڰµסĵطһᱻֵġңµҲɵӣ֪һѾɼΪԼİȫҲһкܶ˱ġ
ô죬ϲ֣죬и־ȫˣ붯־㲻˷֣Ҳᾪ˵ġ
һ£˵ԼȥָĵطãһµˣΧҲɱһ˫־ͺˡ
͸ˣµĵһ˾㣬Ϊͷѽ
ҲУҲУܴܲûɡ
ƴţһݣ˵ȥɣСһͿˡ
Ƕˣڳ˭ʺȥ
ϷЦһ˵ӷ粻ǻӰһȥ͵ˡ
ѽôˡ
ѶԷ˵һ¡
Ŵ򿪣˽Ӳ׳ǰľΪӷһֱڰи̵ˡ
ǸղŵĻ㶼˰ɣʵ
ˡ
ûаգ
Ǵֱ̿ͣӷС
ɲУҪɷϣɲҪ
Ǻã͹ȥ
֪µʲôط𣿡
ǾӰӣֻҪǾĵˣǵ٣Ӳҵ˫ۡ
ܺãСʱָĵط㣬ǧҪСһ㡣
ˡ
ھߺóһѵĶһ˵Щµķѡ
ƴţŰĶƤޣǯӵģʵʲôѵʮ̲ɣ
ҪҪҪ
ҪΪʲôҪǻ쵰
ɼĳƵ꣬ڰǰѾˣÿһסƵ󣬾û뿪䣬ԷǽзԱ͵ſڵġ
µ淢ܣһͳ׷ŬţھƵΧ֮⣬ڰأ˵ǵ˻ûҪ֤µλ˵İȫ
µոչߵǰſȣҹգ˵Ĵսҵľ̫ˣֻҪܴܳӷ磬۷ϣҵһϯ֮ءʵľأӦҲѾ˰ɡߺߣ˵Ѿӷˣε۷֮սûʸμˣҲһ֡
µ䣬ͼһӰµıһʲôˣ
ৡ
ӰѾ˷ڣµоԼı֪ʲôʱð亹¶ʪˣ
ǿҵɱѣ㵽ʲôˣ
ʲô㲻ֻ֪Ҫ֪ϾͿˡ
Ҫɱң֪˭
ļ̳ˣµ
Ȼ֪ɱңм
ৡ
ֱ̰µؿڡ
µ㣬ֵϣȴһӡ
µ󾪣ԷʵԲԼ֮£ҪԼƴĻԼûʤİա
ԷȴûٴνӴڷ˳ȥİͣһᣬ԰µһָ
µʲôʱ򶪹ôӣ·һӣԷԼָðµǳŭҲܲôˣֱӾ׷˳


1191 ϰµ
԰µٶһʱΪˣӦ۷徳ֻһ֮ңˣҲ˵Ļ»ֻ֣ΪǴ̿ͣںڰУ͵ϮֶΣ֮ǰµһûУ·һӵģҲ˰µһִ
νµ˶һҲѾ˴ҪΧµĻ쵰ûҪʲô󣬺ҲںνĹֻҪܽ˸ɱƲʲôֶζõĳ㣬µֺγأ
׷žֱ뿪ɼѾ˽ĽҲʮֺõģֻϣ˱Ƚ٣ʱΣû߶ˡ
µأһ˫۾Χɨһ£ԼһʯϣΧһƹҲûУֻʯµĺˮ
е㲻̫Ծ
Ϊļ̳ˣɵˣȻǣΪӣµҲԲ׷ġ
Ҫ뿪Ѿ̫ˡ
µһתͼͷ꣬й꣬Ϊ̫µûһ۾ϳԷ˭ǰ󣬲ſ
ƴţǬ
µû뵽ǰɡ
ԭǰҸġ
ôҪء
ƾ֪
ټء
βѸϷҲˣȻµѾˣǱҲûˣûҪ˷ʱ䣬һ˷ְµˣһϹġ
ĸɴһ㣬ѳӷгɡ
˼ҳûȤСɫ֣ǼӦ㣬ѾǴ´ˡ
Ǿµ
顣
ŵߣˮը̸ȣ¼ˣ·ϣΪߣ淽򣬽µΧϡ
µǾ˰ɡ
ƮڿУ󺰵
ԭġộΪǼҲɱڵΪѾ쵽۷徳ˣ˵ǣ۷֮սϣҲаһϯ֮λ
ûǸˡһ֣һ
ǰϹ
ƾʲôںѽںϡ
ѸϷڿɲܻƴţǬ̶֣ͬʱ̣ȣ£ɽҲͬʱ֡
˭֪µһΪ쵽۷徳ˣϵĻǾ
ڳ˾֮⣬˶ˣȴһҲΪ̿͵ҪõʱһֶβǾԵɱɱմϱߣϷбһҪ¶Էء
Ǿǣ̫ˡ
ƴţǬǰֽµµ̷𣬶˻ƴţǬĹѸϷһһѸֵͬʱӺµ
µͻһĹΪɫħüֱΪף࣬ƣϣ죬ڣ̣ȡڰµɢĹΪɫҲ˵ľ磬ֻһҪ۷徳ˣɢЩɳɫ֮󣬾۷徳磡
еɫȫ˰µϣʹǿҵ̹⣬ִ̹֮һĵ
СģһѾڰ˼ħˣҪӲƴ
ӻôãѸϷȻħߵļ𡣶̵ʦȻҲ
һ˼ħߣǳӷ磬̼ܽɱȴǳӷ磬Ϊм׶ΣôµӲ
ǲµӲµɲ顣
Լǳӷ絽ʱʦҲ
Ů˶ֵĻ쵰ӱ㡣
Ǭһ󱩺ʲôʱˣѵͻվű
ȥһᶼûУҪһѽԼһˣҲ𲻵ʲôá

ˡ
ӤҰ˾ߣһ˶Ը˰µӤҰ֣лġ
ʱ򣬰µڱһǿȻ䣬ɱȫ˰µͷγһ˰Ĺֶ
ˣľѧҲոѧᣬǼʶһ£ʲôս֮ŭ
ս֮ŭ
һս֮ŭΪǿɱѽ˵˲Żᣬû뵽µȻҲᣬô˵µǲѾ̳ߣ̳ˡ
ҿս֮ŭǵֵס
ս񣬰˰һֳìһֳֶܣ˵һMT̹ˣ
µս񣬵һģ̡
ȥ
飬顣
ʯţսӳըˣӤҰһҪȥ̣ȴѾˣսеĳìѾ̴˹ȥ
á

ͻأһ׹ֱ£׹̼仯Ϊһ⣬գۼ仯ΪһѺɫĳս˹ȥ
顣
ҵıըһ𣬰µһ˺üֻоؿһʹһѪ˳
սҲղһӰӶˣʧӰ١
ն죬ν
ҹһӰɹƮȻ١
̽еŹùãǲ
û˻ش̵⣬һУ˵İµȴѾֵûˣȹأͣѪ
Ʋ


1192 㳲
˲ûзλ뿪˾Ƶ꣬ȴоս֮ŭԶԶȫΪǵˣͷɼΪս֮ŭֻ˻ᣬȻǲö˵ˣ֮
ڵȴһӺ󣬶Լ˳֣˾;еˣԸղս֮ŭֵλӦþڳѽ˵Ϊ˵ӳ⵽Ƶֻ꣬ҪʱˣһӶû
һǲ˵ɼ
ţ˶һŮ˵
ƵڣܳһŮˣŮ˿Ƶķǳӣ˵ˣڷ䣡
ʲô
ţޱ䣬ֿһ۸ղս֮ŭλãѵˣղŷս֮ŭǡ
һǳʲô£򲻿ս֮ŭġ
ţϸϹȥ
Ӻɼи֣ȫ˽⣬һǸողŵʯţΧҲѾ˸һЩΪղŵıը˺ܶξеľǻΪǷ˵ȫ˳û뵽ֻһʯˡ
С֮ڣȻƯһˣһϵˣһʬ壬ƮˮϣһҲ

ϰ⵽ǳʲô£
ĸȫ˺ӣˮİµȴ֣µѾȥˣȴûжк
ʲô˸ɵģ
ãͷ˺صˡңҡ
ͷ˶һ°µ壬һ̣ɫࡣ
˫֣˫֣˸ˣ
иȫѾͬıˣȻǸµһɼģٳ֮ǰǵ˾ѾµΪܿҪͻƵ۷徳ˣʱΪؼģǧܳκε⣬۷֮սǰҲܸκ˶֣һʵȰµǿģЩŬͰ׷ˣ
ЩֻļǵԼ˵ʱĽһǰµ£ԼЩˣҪ֮ˡ
ల£û鷳ԼҲûȥκ˵鷳ȴϣ鷳ûУڰУȴô飬ԼЩνĸ֣ȻһûУ
ôʲô˸ɵģ
ͷһҪϽҳɱһĿɾˡ
ɱ˭ɱ˭Ϊ쵽۷徳ˣɶԷȴڲɫ֮䣬˫ָϵһˣȫĽȫˣһ̼䱻ϵģ˵ֶΣ˵ʵĸǶԷĵ֣
ѵʲô𣿡
ȻҪģ̽˻㱨һУ͵ɣЩҲֻˡ

µոսӵɼǱߴϢˣסˣѾѮͷλѾʮˣһӣ䲻ǸҲûɸ׿ô˵µͰµôһӣһӳ£µͷ֮һҲǶסģ
ôʲô˸ɵģ
ͨµ˵ͷ˵ΪɼǱֻµϵϢûֵ֪ʲôˣ
˵ʲô˸ɵģ
µһŭֱӹǲ˵
顣
һƴ˹µͷϣֱӽ˸ˣ
Աߣͬ˿һĻȴûһ˵ģʲôûƵģһںŲ裬ǣǼٵûΪ֮ǰҲȫˣȫ
µ֪ԼЩǰʧˣǶӱ˷ϣҲòֳһη̬֮ǿЦλʵڱǸ¸ղ̫嶯ˡ
ޣϣ񻰹ôһΪ̫񣬵񻰹УҲôһߵͬģǽ
޽豭£˵µҲôѹ֣Ǳ˫𣬵ȵɼ֮󣬱񿴿ܲܽӵκá
һ⻰µźùһ㣬ϾԼ첻飬ܰ쵽
л̫ˡ
ڲ˵лȸʲôˣӵġ۷֮սڼģһܶϷ۷֮սδʼȶ֣ɾǶơ
µ˵ϣǱѾŹǼϣӷ磬ԾԲ⼸ɵġ˾͸Ӳˣûǵʵ
˵ӷѾɼˣ
һǳӷ磬ҶӣˣϳӷԵĵ̫࣬һ۷֮սǰȳʵĶ֡ϣĵҲһֻ֣أ£ӷ֮⣬û˸
ðɣµҲ飬ֱӾͽ˼˳ӷͷϡ
ȻǷˣǸӷϵҲûʲô𣬷۷֮սʱӷҲҪɱµģֻǷ˫֣Ǳˡ
Ȼˣǻʲôǰɼ뿴ӷ磬ǲ۷֮սǰͬЩһˡ
һλİš


1193 ڷ
۷֮սһʱ䣬ʱȫеĸ֣еЩ½Ѿȫۼɼϣͱ׿л԰ٸԽ͢о˹ĴҲѾϵˡ
һε۷սνǾ֣ͬʱҲ֣ûκ֪л᲻ʲôʷÿһ˶ֻ֪ҪһıʣǶǷǳ飡
ⳡǿߣڸֵĹͬսϣЩ񣬻½ЩֶͬһĿģеģΪ˴ܳӷ磬Ϊ˲ӷ󻼣жд̡
ս֮ǰȻҪͷ˹Ǳû֮⣬ȫڣЩȴЩǸͷ
ޣٸԽ͢ûôɣôˡ
˹ֻһ֮⣬ٸԽ͢ǱߣҲǽ̻ʱޣŮ⣬ٸԽ͢ߣûĸ֡
ΪٸԽ͢Ľ̻ʣͬʱٸԵһ֮Ȼɵϡ˵ٸԵг𣬻Ǵĳ𣬳۵һûɱٸԵˣϾǹȥôˣϱ֪֣ôӲҪΪУǲѰ·𣡶ңŮ飬صٸԺû˵һ֣Ϊ׵ıĺܣԼŮȻܸӷΪѣҵЩԵİôܻ׵ȥӷΪѣӷҲûԼٸԽ͢Ϊѹѽ
ȻЩǰȻὫԼ˼ֳɼ֮ǰ޾˺ܶڣ˵ʲôμȻϣ֯ģǾϣǱȥͷԼٸûҪȥͷɱ˳ӷ磬ҲԼٸԽ͢һݣһɱˣԼٸԽ͢ȥ٣Ϳ˵Լʲô£һжƸϣ
ٸԽ͢ȻϵģٸԽ͢Ҳǵϼңô֪ڴʲôע⣬ҲԼЩȥ˵ˣ£һ࣬͢һ͢٣ɱ˳ӷĻǽ͢㳲Ҳ̫ãȻˣǾ˳ű޵˼ȥɣԼЩҲȥˣʲô⣬棬һŮﶥŲǣ
ģӦ֪ǽ͢£ڲͬΪ̻ʵģҲϲʿ䡣ԴŮǼֶԸӷ磬ѵңʲô𣿡
ô᲻֪ӷѷǵУⳡϵĻҪ˵ģܵô˵棬ֱӽĻ˵
ޣ㲻Ҫҵ˼ֻǾãǼֶԸӷ磬һҪһóӷκδϢĻᣬԳӷǵռթ֮ᷴҧһڵġ
Ĳڳɱӷ֮ˣһµ
λȻҶˣڣȲҪ˵ģ˵˵ôɱӷɡҪ֪۷֮սɲĶԾǼսϣǸӲ֪Ǽ֮⣬᲻ֳ֣ԣΪԷһһҪһϸļƻȽϺá
ʵµ˵ӣҲӷ
ģŹͬĺޣ£Ͳ˵ˡ֮βǳӷ
ڳģͳΪϣû˵磬ͱ׿л԰ʵվһ𷢸˵ߣһֱųĬǽ𷢸ˣǰͱ׿л԰ˣҲǸʵĸף˹
˹ߣһһȴȻֳ˵ˣ
˹㿴Ǹôţµʵ
˹һŮˣȴСһŮܽͱ׿л԰ôã̳ܵһʵĶӣɼʵ˵ãֶΣȻҲڻ¡
˹ȴûκεֻ˵ǼλͶҴҿл԰ֶŮˣҲһУɼλɣΣҿл԰ʹ֣˵ôôɡ
ԣ˹һԸͷ˵ӷΪУԭ򣬾ʵ򣬶֪
ϼһȫʵС㣬֮ǰǻû뵽ȻŮ֮ʣãΪû
һþû˵ڣȴ˵ˡ
Щһﵽ׻ҪҪˣ
˻еһ㶣һСѾͷȻ˷Ϊ뷲˲ͬȻ˵ʲô
µеǹɺ⻹ڣ˵Լ˲Ҫͱŭ
Ѿͷ⻰ʲô˼ѵ㻹ӷ粻ɣ
ôˣıƣҪԸӷ磬һˣﻹô治֪Щ궼ôġ
㣬㡭ޣ̳ĺŮ𣿡
һ࣬˵˵ķݣһضûУ졣
ף˵ʵ˼ҳӷֻһʮĻëСӰˣǼλĶӣҲһеĶԹǵĶûã˳ӷ硣˵ԼĶˣΪ׵ľҪΪӳͷĻʸλʱӷĸҲΪͷǸôԣǲǸһеһȥԸ
㣬ޣ㣬㡭
ʲôңΪͱҳͿѵңѵҵĿǸҸͬķϣҽˣǰǣڼƻɱӷ֮ǰҪôԵʱʨĸϾɱɱٸԽ͢
ĸЩ˶˵һ֣Ҳûڳתߡ
˹ȥˣ̶Ըʵ˵ͷʵ⣬һԱߵҲ볡


1194 
ԭ˵ʵڵĴΣԼŮڳӷֻҪԼǵһģԼİŮˣĻԼһӡǣϣȴ룬Լл԰ɱӷ磬ò˵ʵںΪѡ
ڣл԰ˣ˹̬ȣ񲢲ϣվһҲøʵЩİοԼĸһôˣʵ᲻֪Ȼڰ˹ûκεĶԼ볡ʵ򲢲ܱ֤ĸǲдţϾԼĸףһҰķǳŮˣ
˵ֵģûеõĵҲ֪һԼʲôȻϣԼ˹ԼֲòҪΪ£ϣǼԼ˹н飬Լ˹һôûУȻԼ˹δǷڹ
͸˵ˣԴйʶ˳ӷΪӷ˼ܣԳӷ˺øУĸףٸԽ̻ʱҪӷΪУҲվڳӷǱߵġ
ڵһôԣл԰֪ٸԽ͢˳ң˹û·ϣһУŸӷΪˣ۷֮սʱҲжԳӷ緢ѡ
Թĵ޷вģֻЩڰеĵˣв֪Ļ᲻Ůڱʲô
볡ʵԼͬľۼһһȵʱ˵û˵һ磬ֱʱԼĶӣʵǲŶ
ʵЦһȻϴûаľظһڻʢٶԸӷ磬ȴ˵飬ʱʱʵ򻹺⣬ּѽ
ҸطһԵ㶫ɡ
ǣûǮŶ
仰ЦʱôҲЦ
Ͱɣ䶼ǵһμ棬λС¿׹ѽ
֪ʵǳ滰ҲǲмһЦһһҾƵ꣬һᣬ˼ƿƣˡ
Ϊ˵һμ棬Ⱥһɡ
ûԥһھͺȥ
ȴûֱӺȣ˵ȾƿԣںȾ֮ǰұҪһ¡
Сл˵
ҴӲ˺Ⱦƣ֪Ƕλѣǵˣ
⻰˵ĺԣҪӷվͬһսϣʵҲͬһսˣòдһʡ
һ۸ʵˣǱİģ磬𾳽磬Ȼ֪飬ΪҲܸʵᲢۣı󣬻һӷ硣
ʵЦһ˵ԵĻӦҲǵһɱӷ֮˰ɡ
ǴڿʼǾǵˡ
С㣬ȲҪôһû˵ء
ҴӲ˶˵ϻҲ֪֮ϣбµĻھɱңҿԱ֤ӷΪұġ
ӣСӷĹϵѽ
Ǻѣ㣬ʱй̩ɽȥ̩ɽ·ϣӦ֪ˡ
Ǹʱʵ춼ڰжųӷ磬ǿģӷǱɵļһλСЩʲô
ӣҴӵǲСѽС˶ҸΪС
⻰ʲô˼
ҵ˼˵ӷֱɵļһΪУҲҪȰԼߵ˸ٺãһСģͱסˡС㣬ȻͬһϣҲתĨǡǲӷΪеģΪҵŮˣڳӷҲҡĸ׻᲻ҾͲұ֤ˡ
ŶӣŮڳӷ㣬Ѿӷס˰ɡ
˵
أ
һĳԶڵĲˣ˵Ҳ֪Ŷ仹û
ε˹ļ̳𣬻һŮôѽ䣬Σ
ʲôȻ˶˵ˣԼĿǰҪ̫ġ
ڰµ飬ʵô
ǲǳӷɵġ
Ϊʲôô϶
ǳӷĻãµ𣿡
ȷӷͷųһҪɱ˰µܽǷ˫֡£ӦǸɵġ
Ҳáʱйµ̵̣ΪˣҲǸصһ֮ǺġµΪǼ֮ϣʵ벻ͨôġ
˵ѾɼŶ
ͻȻһ仰⿪ʵеʡ
ѹˣѧҲֶ̹ϱ֣Ӧõģ
˵ȻѾɼԯһҲѾˡ
ԣɼգţ£и֣ˡֻǲ֪ҷ棬᲻ʲô
ĿǰܴҵģǳۣӷȻѾǿˣܲĸסˣⳡ۷֮սܻʬǳɽ
õŶۣŶ
ǿ϶˵
ô֪
˵Ŷ˵ûйŶ
ȷʮǰ۷Ҳǳģε۷֮ս̫ң߻ӣǵݣôܻܹ
ε۷֮սȫɳӷˣЦǣҪսĶҪɱ֮ˣҲǳӷ硣ӷ磬ε鷳Сѽ
˵Ҳôģ֮죬һվڳӷǱߣҪӷΪеĻǾ;ܷɡˣҪΪĴսȥ׼ˣͺΪ֮ɡ
˶٣˵ˣľأΪȫµ˶ɵӣڱЩСˡ
Ѿٶ˵ʲôֱˣҲȥˣȸվһ


1195 սǰϦ
ץʱΪһ۷ܶţ̵ˣȴһΪ߼ľưɣͿʼ칦֪ģΪѾ۷һλˡ
οʹѽѰµǻ쵰ˣӵĹͿġ
ƴţԹԵĺһھƣ
Χһӵƴţǲмʲôû˧ѽ
ĳ˵㶼˧ҿɾµһˣ
ţֵѽͱˣҲţƤˡ
ѽ£ɶ˼
ûɶ˼ֻεĹͣǶûݣʱֵĻ˵Ƿϰµ±ϵģǼ
˵һ乫乫ȴ˶ϲģҲ˵ڳûϲ
Ϊûֻ֪֮۷֮սˣԼЩأȴһµ򲻹˵԰µһ˶ò£ǵ죬ȰµţĸֿɶˣʣԼЩˣʲôȥƴѽ
룬죬Ǹ˭ȳս㣬ھҪãʱһᱻɱֲġϷ彨ھͽôսźá
ڣʱûһ˵
˼ӣƴţǻӵȻ󣬿˭ȽǾȸɵ˭ΪɱһѪ·ʱҲʡȥܶ鷳
֪֪βμ۷֮սĸж٣Ҹ㣬ٲһǧһǧ֮ڣϣЩ֣⻹󲻵ĸ֡Ȼ˵ǣЯ޳սҲԶ٣ܽİǰһǧָ֮Щأ˭ȥӦ
˵Ҳûȷкܴʤ㣬Щʤ㣬ȴҪʲôˣ
һĬû˵ˡ
˿̣Ŵ򿪣һŮ˵˵˵ټأ
תͷȥߣޡ
ôˣʵ
֪һս飬ȻҸӷѣڳӷû֮ǰҵȻҪվߵġ˵һ˵κãһˣͶһѽ
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ʲô˼
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˵ţҪ˵ѣϴھæĻ±˵ģɾͲһˡ
˵ɩ֪֪治֪ѽ֪ٸԽ͢ʲô
ѵ˻ƴţһۣ˵С㣬㲻СӾСȻˣǾսѣǾһһĳսƻɡ
ѻ䣬ִ˿һ˵ȻҲǣӦòҲɡ
һһŮΪˣһǸʵһ
ļٸԽ͢ͱ׿л԰˹ļ̳ˣȻȫܵˣ˵ⶼʲôʲôѽ
ëȫӹȥҲõˣھ¡
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ӦйǵĻƴţɣ
ӣأ
ţǸǣѣǵˣ٣۷֮սϣǲǵˡ
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ȷˣԲŸʵںûһŮˣֻҪĸײڣԼ֪վһߣϴڻʢ٣ΪɵŮ˵ʲôӶûľأµ챻һֻ֣Ůˣ²㣬𣬻Ҫʲô˭ȥѽ
ңӷǮŶ
仰øʵûѪ֮ǰѾ˵ˣվһģҲӦˣɵȻ˵ǮģѾʲô˼ˣأ
ǿͣȻˣǾ£ǱߺȾƣ̸ɡ
Ŵ֮磬Ὣ˾֮⡣
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ܽһˣǡľء
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ľأ
ƴţһȭľش˹ʵƴţǰһһֻ֣ͽƴţһȭ
ô嶯ֻỵ¡
˵ǲһġ
ľЦǵȷһģĿģɸһ
ľǰóһӣ˵ϣӷʽսġһսϣӷ粻ȱϯҲҸӷ֮ԼʱʱҶصѡӷ绹˵Ҫһ֮ս£ϣⲻǾԣ󻰡
˵꣬ľؽս鶪̡
ƴţʵţ޷֣˵ҾӷǵսˣҲϣ죬ǲҪӷʧ
ľЦƴСȻǳҵϱĳЩˣ˳嶯֮⣬ʲôǡ
ϣľС˵һ䡣
ľزƴţһѽʵ˵Ϊ֮ɡ
ȥľأʵȴЦһ˵ĳ˶û㣬ƾʲô
ⲻֻһҸ档ңѾߵͷˣ鶼վõĻǳ֮ǣҪ֮·


1196 Ѫϴɼ
쵰Ӹƴˡ
ƴţһžĳľس壬ǰĸʵһɽ㣬ܻƴţٴҲ޷ȥ
ʵǻƴţڳÿһˣ֮⣬ɱľأҲʵڣǶ֪ԼЩµ򲻹οľأһӷ磬ġ
ƴţ侲һ㣬ô嶯պܳɴ¡
ܣѾĸ쵰һģﳪ˫ơ
ʵ̾˿ӣڻƴţǵĿУԼľûʲôֱʵҲˣӱԼľصȷһģڴϴӷһҲľһɵģԴ˵ʵͼӳ˰ס
ôԼİŮ˿ɻڳӷʵȻҲľΪУҲֻ߶
йôһ仰׳־δѵΪľأܶԸ˵ģǻĻٺòҪҪԸľأȻгӷ磬ֲǼ
ʵ˵ĺܴˣȴû١
סƴţ˵ȷŹ죬Ҫÿ
ƴţеһ΢ʵƴţľ֮䣬ҲûΪľǳӷĵˣҲڳÿһ˵ĵˣ˭ܿľ˳أ
ľһЦԸʵ˵ӣһҪлҽΧˡһһǧԼݣҪӷվһӦ֪ʲôǸʱҪģͲһˣл԰ᱻ𡣡
лѣʲô㻹ǸϿ쵽ǱȥɣЩУЩڣǿ󣬵ȴûһͷԵģǱߣŲᱻӷˡ
㵹ģľؿɻҪЩһȥɱӷ磬ɲҪΪĳЩ飬ȳӷ֣ԼȴľصЩţȫ׷ˣ
λ֮飬۷֮սнϣʱӷͷڹꡣ
Ѿ񵰣һ㡣
ľزмһЦתȥ
ʵſ˻ƴţƴţû˺һһ˫۾ĵŸʵ˵ǻ쵰ˣ㻹ʲôѵԴͲɡ
ʵЦһȷ̫ӭԼԼ뿪ΪãɲҪԽԽ⣬Ƕһսǲ
ҲˣǽͺȺðɣΪһսû֪˭˭ܻš
Ǵʵĳ棬ôĵˣ˵ǻƴţǣǳӷ磬Ҳûаٷ֮ٵİգ
ֻܸʵһߣǶߺ󣬻ƴţһͺһƿƣƿǽ˹ȥ
սǣȻӡ
˵˳ӷ磬ԯ֮⣬˭ǣѱ
ι˵ǵˮ𣿡ƴţˬ
˵ʵˣڻһ£ϳǰѭɡ
˵Ҫţǿϳ˭ʱھˣ˵ְֻš⣬ţϵһӷ磬ֻûп
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ǧֹǸӷһȥģǧֹˣҲ˵ӷһҲˡ
ôǼһˡ
ǧֹ˵ûһȴ˻ǡ
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˵óսϵģûʸֵģϾȫʧ鷳
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˵㣬ǿ°첻Ͼ̫࣬ȫǸ֣ҪСʱȫСʱ˵ֱϣǼûʲô𡣡
ҿԷģҸţһǿߣǻǵġ
ǿߣ
໥һۣǧֹһ֣⣬߸θߴ󣬻ǴŰ·˽ĸˣˡ
߸˾úܲǾͺƵģǴţǱ񣬸ϵˣȻͬÿһˣܸо߸ɢʮֵǿ󣬲֪ԼЩǿ˶ٱ
⼸̬ļһɢΪܲڳ֮ѽ
ȷ֮ǰ߸ǿߣΪڳӷ֮ǰƷǿߣڣӷΪѾƷľ磬Ͳͬնˡ
Ǿյ߸Ӱӣ߸ʽΪ˾ĻӰ⣬һˣҲѾ׼ˣǻֱЩָģǣҪ۷֮սʼ֮ǰЩһȫͻϼҡ
ӣһɱ¾Ѫȵҹѽ£ڳûһ¸ηģǳ˷ܡ
ãǾ۷֮սǰɱʹɡ
ɼߵһ֮ԯͬʱҹн䡣
ͬʱһӰҲԯ֮ǵǰ
ּˡЦ
ҲˣҲǺ졣
αأҶʶôˣ㲻ѣҲǵѽ
ǲǵˣ˵˲㣬ҪԺô
˵ЩˡǴֶӣûУ
ϲǰ
ǽ£ŵģ
㲻Ҫ֪ӲҪȥܣɱ㡣
ãããû£Ҿ͸һܿ˰ɡ
ԯһӰЩ¥ɽ˲ųһ˻ˡҵѪϴ飬ҲǸˣ


1197 ɱ¾۷忪ʼ
һ߳סĴſʱպһɫ󱼿ͣſڣϣһɫȹӵŮˣһͨĶ̵˸պھǰʱ˸סˣ
ιţֵܣôˣæʲôأ
ƴţ֮ǰûע⳵ˣڱôһУƴţͣ˽ŲǼҲͣתһлƴţľȻϹңϹһģȻйŵˡ
ŵȵݣֻһ֪֮ǰ۷֮ս̫̫࣬ǿŵһҲ΢ԼߣһЩһ˽⣬ԼҪ࣬ǾͿ֪֪ˣ
ûиŵȴкֻСʱˣȻӷҪЩνĸ֮ǰʧҪץʱȥ
ƴţ˵ҵ˭أԭСˡȥɱҪҪһȥ
ɱյɼĺ£ҵȻȥˡǵȵҡ
ϹҸҪ𲽣ԼһĻһŵȣɾϹңйŵȴһʱ䣬֪ŵȵݡ
ȹС㣬ҪҪһȥѽ
ȹϹԼŵȡ֣ΪʱйŵȽסϹҸЩˣͲ˴ɵĶ֣ӷڹڵͱˡ
һֱŵȶ˵˭ʲô֣ϹҲ조ιιĽѽǾֱӸŵȡһй֣ȹҲŵȴ·ʲôʱ򣬲ʲôϣһɫȹӳ֣ǼȹӣԶƵģҲԶҪȥϴ
ҲûȤЩһ衣
ԼҵɣҸһȥɱˡ
Ϲܵƴţǰʵɱʲôˣ
ңҲ֪֮˱ɱͶˡ
˵Ƿֳ·ӷ߸ӰӸһס֮ǰһҪһҪŹ
OKˣ߸̬Ӱڣһǧ˻ɱ𡣡
Ǭһ仰Ϲˡ
Цһǧˣ㣬ⲻȥ۷֮սء
ҿȥɣҵһɼǵȥתתȽϺá
Сôãˣʱɲࡣ
ƴţӲΪһӵϹڻǿգԼ湻ùģյɼμ۷֮սӷ紦鷳ģû뵽۷֮սûʼΪһ䣬ƴţȥʲôɱˡ
һǧˣһǧ֣ϣеæˡ
ǧֹ˵ӤҰ㻹ǿǸŮ˰ɣˣû£Ǽȥͺˡ
ӤҰ˵ǺãԼСһ㣬Ҫսֽ㡣
һʱ䣬˷Ϊ·ɼ߸ͬȥ
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ǵʲôˣΪʲôǵ鷳
˹ָǧʵ
ǧҲʲôֱӻشֹǲμ۷֮ս
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ƴţһ˹
峤Ǿ𣿡߱һʵ
Ȼɱ˵ģһǾˡôˣɱ
ǡ
ƴţһȭģȴǧ䡣
ǧ˫ǰһһƴţ˺üƴţеԾЩСɫô˸֣
Сֵܣ֣Լˡ
Լˣ
Ǿˡ
˵ԭǶֵܡǱϻˣȫɱ⡣
á
Ϲң㻹ʲô춯֣ɱһţүһƿìͷ
ϹҾһƹ㲻ҪκεĻɣֻҪоƺȣ˵ɱˣʲôУ˱Լֵ֮⡣
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Сѽ
ġ
ৡ
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Ϲҽľƺһȫȹˣ£ڵʱгź⡣
Ϲÿ˾ƣ棬㣬ƴţ֪ģһϹҺ˾ƣƴţĵһӦǣתսط
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ǬɱţûƴţĻƴţˣ󺰵ͷţȻӱ
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ʱ䲻࣬ٶһ㣬īɱɱʹ졣
ӷ磬˵Լҳ棬Ըǣ㻹ǲˣֹ

ס˴Ů˲ӣһѽŮ˸˹ڽ£˵ҵˣȥɡ
棬ҲѾɱһʱ䣬ɼɱʱ䣬Ҳɱжȹ
ɼĳƵ꣬Ĵ򿪷Ĵʵ淢ʲô£
µȫ˵ĵķ䣬һɫ̫ÿ
ӷѾǰˡµ˵
ǰ֣ʲô˼
Ҫμ۷֮սˣˡ
ʲôôܣӷˣ
ǴģһٶˣǼ֮⣬ĸ֣ȫ˳ڴ֮ϡ
ӷΪ֮սЩʯԲóѡȥֹ
ѾˣЩСɫѾɱĲˡ
ǰǰ棬˵𾳽磡û뵽ӷֵ£ô𾳽ǿߣӣһսӷ˰֡
ҵˣ
ؾƣӦʦһˡ
ʦһ壿
Ҳͣ˵ϵ飬Ѿ˶֣ȥˡǻ׼һ£֮۷֮սɣûЩСɫΣҲҪӷС
ɫ̫תսɼɱ¾Ѫȵҹֽһ֮ս
۷սʵֻΪ˲ӷһ˶ѣ


1198 ǰ
һҹ֮ȫʧˣҲûȥ۷ˣʵǣһĶǲҪȥȾָ򣬾ҪĴۣۣпܣҪȥȡģ
ûɼ˵飬һԵû֪ʲô£Ϊʲôôˣֵʬ壬ĵڶŸɼͽüָ뽫ѹȥΣϢ޷ܶ񣬱ȾҪ֪Ļ̻̣
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Ȼɼߵһʱߵ죬ҲѾʢٰ׹Ǳ߻㱨ˣ׹Ǳ߽´ﳹûиκεĽ
ȫһ㣬еĺֻ࣬䣬
ͷľȻǸŮһйˣйɼ첢ϡ棬ϡǣȻԴһȺ⣬ǷʩɼŮı»治С
˶ŭ˻ƱеΪ˹еΪڻˣɼֻûڵȷɻĳ˿ͺǲˬ
ɲй˵飬޷ѹȥģЩ˿ͼҪˣȴֻһĽͣһĵǸͲȥץˣûĻ£һץˣǿܾͻȺڵı
һֵַ˿ͽͣľȻǼԼĹп֮ˣȫҪץȥʣҪǳСĽǿһЩɱ˲գ۵ļһѽ
ι㣬վסأûУ
ͷйŮָǰһ꺰ıӰˣŮһйˣǸˡ
ͣ½Ųתʵʣʲô𣿡
˫䶼ΪйˣõĶӢʽӢ
ҪϷɻģǸմӷɻģ
꿴˿Լһ·߹ķЦѽҵȻǸ·ɻ
أ
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֤֮ġ
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˵Ǹûκţ߷ҲȫȶˣͲϵš
˵ţŮѾǹ˳ָ꣬ͬʱΧоŮߵȫ˹һʱ䣬ǹȫָꡣ
ΣԼҲûʲôѽбҪ
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쵼ǩģ
ŮǳԾҲ⣬ΪⱾǩ֤ɲ򵥣ǿйǩģ˵Ȿǩ֤֮Ļ˵ʲô˵й⡣
ŮɲɵϣȻ֪Ǹο֮ģйһ򵥣еǩ֤ҲǸ̫ӵɣ
ŮͬΪйˣֲģǼǰģй飬
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ʵӷϲģйˣȴҪܵȥҵˣ˵ĺ㣬г˵㣬棬Լڶˡ
껹Ǻòشܺãûù
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Ůе㶣û⻰ʲô˼ԼĲΪǸղŵᣬһҪǸġ
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ˣҲΪ˹
ǵһɼɣҪȥʲôطҿ㡣
һ룬Լط治·ָʱ䣬¸˾鷳ˡ
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Ȳˣм¡
⼸Ѿˣκ˶ȥģʮأȫ
Ц֪ҽ˷յġ
˵ʲô
ûʲôˣĻԼȥ
ǵãȻͬ磬ִӦ㣬ǾȥɡܲܽȥҾͲܱ֤ˡ
Ůͦģ߳ľ꣬뿪ȥ


1199 ۷֮ս1
ɼǰһľ룬һ·ϣܲװƣʲô˵ɣҲ̫ˣ
۷֮սϾҪʼˣǿ߾ۼе㲻̤ʵҪ˵ĻҲȫȻʧ
гӷ磿
Ů߿ųʵ
Цһǵġ
һشŮԱùһ͵־ʵӷͬһô
ӷһ־ϣֻ֣ûƬ֮ˣ˵Ӧͬͬհɡ
ҲͬһˣλĻͲˣԼ˽˷ɻܶࡣ
ӷ粻Ӧš
ϣɼǳɱĺܺãǧνĸ֣ȫͻϼңʡ۷սЩҪ鷳ս
ʵеĻͦģ磬͸ˣ˵ϰɣһǧˣֲֿϮҲ͵ǸɹһΣɻŸɵģϵ飬û֪Ӳ֪Щɱʲôˣʲôˣʵ̫ˡ
ûƽԶڰнСǷɼй
˵йѾûȥˡǰһɼڶæŹʲôʱȥѽϾйҵˣҵѡ
ںܶ˶񣬳һʹˣˣҶˣԶôìܡ
ӦǾǵ̫ӵɣ
Լã
ǩ֤ѽǿǵǩģͨǾòġ
һѰҰġ
ɼΣѧ
ΰɣһվǺ롣
ʵûƭģϸ¾ѾˣеĴƬͣˣ˵ڸʲô֮ģ˲ܲμӣҲܽ롣
ֻȥѣպںġ
ѽȥμӺģܴܲһȥ
Ҳ׷ǣ
ҽʮ겻ȻϲǵģЩʾǡ
²У˵ϸġſӦû⡣
ʵһͦĽ˵ģʲôʲôͲ󣬲ŶʮҵӣͿһ˴йܵɼ˶𣿡
ҿɲǸúӣӲǸѧϲܣ棬湻ˣٻؼҡ
ӵѽҲ٣ģûеӵܣǵһμ
򳵵Ǯ绨ڱĵط
أ
磬ѣռ֮ġ
Ŀòǻڵİɣ
մ˵ߣƷġ
У˭ѽͣƷأƱ˰ˣ㻹ҪǮء
˵滰㲻ţҲ취
Сʱʱ䣬ѾʮˣӣѾٵˣŮٶȲѾ֮ˡ
ǰһų·סˣʮɫװˣŮĳ
ӣЩӦǺˣǹȥˣֻԼȥˡ
û£㻹ǿһ·ɣ뻹Զء
ǡ
ŮĳѾֹͣǰˣѾ˹ȫйˣһס
Ѿ˺룬ҰճӷķԸе·ҴͨĹϵûõ֮ˣ˭ȥ
ӷ罫򿪣߹˵һͷ˼ϵǳӷ磬ȫȴûһ˵ġ
ˣԹȥˡ
Ůе㶣Թȥˣ
Ǻӣ
ѡ
ѣѣ
Ӧûؿɣҷ¾Ϳˣߵ֮Է͵Ǵлɡ
̫ûˣָϵ֪ҡ
ڿԸѽ
ҽɣҵֻ룬глҵĻ绰Ұɡ
һؿͣǰ棬ϰˣΪŶվЩ˴ƼҵˣжˣҲˣȫپƼǱ߸ġ
ӷ罫Ŵ򿪣ЦϵɣҾȽȥˡ
ȥɣҪЩѵ̫á
Ҳ˵ʲôڳӷ³ɽתͷͷһغʱ֣ǷΪŵϰˣȻȫӷ񣬶ӷ·ϣȥ
ôɳǽһûء
Ǳ£ɿЦòӷɣ
ӷſʱپѾȴˡ
ڵˡ
ôˣ
ȫˣĸѾϣǽˡ
һ£ȫ˰ɡ
ǡ
ÿǣⳡ۷֮սǻܲμӣ̫Σˡ
ȷ
ãֱӻػʢȥƼǱ߲ܿյ̫ãڿؼ壬Ҳðˡ
ףǵֵܣ֮Ѿۼ˻ʢ٣ʱж
ţĺáĿǰؼ巽ѾûиˣӦÿ״סһ
ǣͻػʢ٣˿ؼ塣


1200 ۷֮ս2
ĸµһΪϣˣһΪˣ˵ǳưһٶЩĹͬ㣬Щͬƽȴ¶Ӳκ֪
ɽ죬ڽ죬ĸµԼԷĹͬչ˳ǾǣǶҪһõļ̳ˣ̳ˣȴѾˣôΪ֤ʵĸµֳ£ȻԵļ̳ˣԵĶӣ˹
챻ӷһֻ֣µǸֻ֣˵ķˣȴܳ۷սϣѾ˵ϣͲΪԼļ̳˱϶־෴һˣҲ̳ģκȥ̤һ˳֣þһеֶΣ
죬۷սҲ˵һֵ۷֮սʮǰͬǣһεν۷壬ѾǶʮǰǰˣҲ˵ǳԽ˶ʮǰǵȾ磬һȫµľ硣
ȻѾˣһֻ֣ΪûбϣƷľ绹ڣһ֮ͬԲμһսġ
µͲͬˣ첻һֶֻˣΪٸߣһ˫ȣôеĹ˵˫ȸ˫ţοµ۷徳綼ûҲôȬԣһսеķݣȴûаµķݡ
ǴӦµ취ӽָκõģɵ޼֪Ǳ߶޷콫ָϣԼҲܰµָֻϣ˵ǽӲϣûõŮ洵֮ǰǲô˵ڵǰͬˣһжҪŮ洵£ԼпܾͻΪڶۡ
ڵ˵ͬʱ̵ҲѾϵˣ⣬׵¼ˣҲȫˣŵȣҲˡ
Ǳߵ񣬸޼ŵվ˶ԷȻǸζô˵ŵҲеһŮ񣬶Ҳ뷨ġңһ£û˵𣬵ȴʵǾǣŵȣʵ˹Ů˹Ů˹ŮһҲǻ۵һǻŮ֮࣬սŮ֮ơ
ŵȣҪٴȥˡŮѾѣΪһ壬Ůδ֮ǰǻȥŮϸŮ￴ǶΪŮķϣһôġ
ҪȰŵȻȥһȰʹĳ֮ĻƴţˣȫһرϹҡ
ţɣŮ˾ȻǻŮŵȣҲ̫˰ɣ
ŴͣԼĶ䡣
ϹҲˤ˵Ҹڹôã֪ȻǻŮŵȣ⣬̫˰ɣ
̲ȻѾ֪Ǻαض˵ʲôأŵȼȻѡ˰ӷ磬ǳӷ綨ôŵôܷ½һˣⷲһ͵ڸΪˡ
ǻŮǻŮѡⷽ棬Ҳһǻ۵ģŵȿеģǳӷ米ĳңǳӷǱʣϣ˳ӷ֮⣬˭ƳΪĵҩƾһ㣬ŵ¶ˡ
ǲҪ˷ѿˣȻѾ˵飬ǾһľҲе׵ġ
ŵȻľ𣿺Բᣬ˵ֻҸڰˡ
ȻˣǽһսǿɾͲˡ
ǲҪ飬ͬʱҲġڴҵͬǾͷһսɡ
ȳӷ絽ŵȾѾЩˣһоڳӷҲǼ£٣һŵȽЩ
ףǼǾ͸һ˫֡
µһϣǼʱŭ
ҵ˭أⲻϣǿһ˫ֵİµүôһˣҲʸμ۷֮սˣŶԣ˵ˣӦ˲Ŷԡ
һָƴţŭ˵һΣ㡣
бµķӻ㲻ɡ
ţȱ嶯һеӷ絽˵
ɵȲˣƴţһµŬѾ֪ȼյһôĵز۷֮սʼһ𣬳ƴţ˹ȥ
顣
շУûƴţͱ˸µ֮ˣȴκһˣӲǳӷ磬ǣľء
ľ壬ʲô˼
죬ھͶֵĻǾ͵ⷽȵӷʱѾֵˣӮѾһֵҪԳӷ磬ɾϼˡ
ľ⻰˵ûھͶ֣ԵʲôˣȲǻ᲻Ὣһ֣٣㣬Ѿչ¶˳ȵӷ綯ʱԿģȻЩжֵˡ
һľ⻰ҲеǻƴţͷţƵĳ嶯ղŵľٶʹõġ
뼤ŭԼԼȶ֣ڰ֮˿Լ㣬Ա㽫ԼܣŶûС
ѾΪҲֻˣһԳӷΪһ䲻κΪȻľؽЩ˸ģȻľΪȵĴ
ǰһվľʵӷأ
ǰ˵ӷʲôʱֲ֣ܰɡսµģȻ۷֮սʱѾˣǾͿʼɡ
̣Ҳ̫Ϊ˰ɡƾǼҲһսǲ֪
֪ģСӰɡ
ৡ
˳صмλá
ЦŹùãʦɲˡ
ԯ֣ҲѾˡ
ɲܴһҳӦùʸ˰ɣ
ľؿЦһתͷһۺЩ񣬼Щ񶼵˵ͷľԳ˵Ȼʸôⳡ۷֮սʽʼɡ


1201 ۷֮ս3
˵۷֮սѾʼˣʵкܶû٣磬ӰûУӷߣ¥Ǳߵĸû˫ȻԶԶһ¥֮ϣҲ˵Դ¥һս𲻵ؼԵá
Ȼ˵𲻵õ˾Ͳˣǿ׳׳ƣ֪ӷǲСġ
ɳӷ벻ǣŮѾҪӷȫҲ˵ӷ罫еչֳǾ͵ȫչŮǰǶڳӷǲ
ŮҲɵϣҪӷҲѡʱ֣ν룬һѳӷƼˣ֪ӷʲôԼ벻뷨Ů洺žģڽ۴ȥӷȻҪɵĶ࣬ӷЩʱҲܵõҷ֧ԮΪǸʱ򣬳һΪ۵ʧٴңŮ派Ϳһ˫ˡ
Ѿĳӷ絽ڶû¶棬̽һµ˵ʵǵŶٽЩֻôĴ㣡Ҫ֪Щǲܴ̽ĵģֻڰУзĶ
ȻоŹù֧ȫӦòʲô̫⣬ټŵȣԯҷʹĸ𾳽ǿˡ⣬߸ӰӣҸҲԵҵз뷨
ǳɱӷɲΪԼûҪ鷳ΪҪǣõз֪ԼߣûǿߣҲ١ڱսϣӷǲὫԼеĵƸƳģгĸǿڳԷһΪϳֵǼǿߣѾȫˣĵӷȻһ֣
˫ȿ˿Ǳߣÿһ˵սⶼʮ㣬״ֻ̬ҪԴߣǾͲΣգǼҲһὫƺõģ˭Ŀǰɳ
ٿзǱߣĴǵټһľأγɵƵȷСˡ
ľأһǽΧͷһ򾡡ӣŮѾ߸ͳһľɼ֮ǰѾϵ硣˴ɣʮħмǿߣӣҵĵƻ˵ѽ
ľҲɵϣ֪ӷ粻׳ֵģҲ˰УΪģͷӷһڳӷ绹һ߱ӣ˵߱Ӽ߸Ӱӣ绹Ҫһ㣬٣ᱻľɱֲ
ǧֹ
ǣ
ǧֹȰ˳ӷ󣬳ӷҲսĲԶƷΪ˵ֻҪڵɢһ㣬Ͳᱻκ˷֡
㸸ǣҪۼһȫҷɢı˸Χˡ
ǧֹ˵ǲǾãľҲˣ
硣
磿ΪʲôһϢо
һ÷ӡǵϢ˵㣬ңЩ񣬶ǲġ治֪ľشĸֽ磬ʵе˼
ȻǷֲ˵˵֮Ƕһ֪ʲôط˵ǷǳԿġ
ҲŽȫɢҲõģ˫ûʽսʱ̣ľµĵƣǲƳģҪƣǾҪһһţͰæˡ
ãȥ֪ͨǡ
ǧֹһ뿪ӷоԼıһ飬ǿɱ⣬Լı
ʲôˣ
һѪڳӷǰӷȴûж֡
ôˣ
ǳ۵£ǰ飬Ѫڵǰͬˣƾղɢɱ⣬ӷܿ϶ֻѪĵطӷˣѾԴˣƷľ磡
̫ӣǱҪġ
Ұ֣òҲְܹɣ
ȻǣҸͶġ
ʲôö
Ǻöǻ
Ӧ˵ʲôϢɣ
Ҳ˵ֱӽһóݸ˳ӷ硣
ӷ翴һһȴǿ
ʲô
Ǻ͹
ʱòսɡ
̫ӣģⲻս顣
Ѿ˳ӷʲôֱ˵
Ȼս飬Ǻʲô
Ĵ˼̫ǰμӺѡᡣ
ӷЦһ˵Ǹʲôʵǲ⣬⡣ǳѾǷˣǺ޲ĽǳҸ𣬾ȻһסҿǸʲôʵ⣬Ů⡣
̫ӣȥǲȥҺûȥ
Ȼһ£Ұʲô˼
Լ
Լҿϣȥɣ
¾ͲˡҪѻ˵ǰ棬̫ȥˣǾͺпܻزˣʡ
пܻزǾԻزˡֲǳصģȥˣǻҸŻҲܳưԻôá
̫ӵ˼ǲȥˣ
ȥȻȥˣҿǸòˣȻ˼ҶѾˣҲȥĻ̫Ǹʲô嫻ʵѵΪ£ҵᣬʢ𡣡
̫ӴʲôʱȥҺð֣̫ͬһȥһʱҪǿ˵ĻҲ̫ɱһѪ·
ȻҪȥǾͱɱҪȻƽĻǳҷһҪȥģһܹȥúɡʲôʱȥҪ״ᶨʲôʱˡ
ʱ仹û˵̫ʲôʱȥͶʲôʱһΪ˼Ϊ
ҲɵѽһҾҪԹԵŵʣȻҪȰҵ˼ˡɣһ֮Ϳ԰ɹȥˡ
ãһ£ʱ̫Ҫôˡ
ϵˣȥǵģȥҵģǲͬ·
̫ӣ²˼
ҪףҵĻȥˣ֮Ҳúʧġ
ǺãҾȻȥˡ
һ¡
̫ӻʲôԸ
Ȼˣɡ
ˣ½Щ£̫Լ棬ôô棬ҷ棬˾С֮⣬κ˲ò֡
˵ֱˣӷЦһ˵ͷݣ


1202 ۷֮ս4
Ǽҵ飬һʼʱض˷ܵģ
ǰǳӷ磬Ǽ˭ȥĳĳĳգԼлȾָ۷أǿһͬ񻰰Ĵڣ䣬һߵ۷ڣÿһ۷ϵĸ֣һ񻰣䴫˵ʵ˷ָ
û뵽ʱ䣬ԼΪͨߣߣȫУпܸһ¥ЩԼ޷ȥУڽվ۷սϣһȸ֣۷ϵλá
Գ۶ʮǰ۷۷ϣͲʲôÿһ˵ζһģ۷ϵĸ֣˸ˣˣֻλˣ۷֮ø֮á
ʮʮǰ۷ʵû̫ı䶯ӲҪ˵ʲô䶯ĻһǳλҵŮˣһʼĬĬţ۷Ǵһ۷ϵĸ֣ǸҲ˵۷ģ˵Ϊ͵һһ֮ǰ۷֮У֮ӤҰһ˳ʹĳӵҲΪ˺ܶҪսĿ꣬Щˣȴ涼
ҲһǰѧŵĳۣһɱٸԽ͢Ŀ꣬ǽ̻ʱޣΪʱĳʵ޵涼ûмǽ͢ĳһ׶Σʹظˡ
񣬳ҲѾУУУΪԴߣڽ죬ԵǼĸ֣Ĵ˵Щ񣬳ûз
οһģ۷յĸ֣ɲޣǿĴڣҲѾԴߵУһˣ࿹ǾԲʲôģΨһģЩһĵң֪ʲôʱͻȻ֡
Ȼ۷֮սѾڿͷϿʼˣڣͲҪ˷ʱ䣬ÿһ˵ʱ䶼ǱģڱͬʱҪÿһߺãһߴһٵģʧܣ
ɳΪԯΪŵȣսƵģԷ񲻳֣ŵǲֵģϾŵڵΪѾƷľ磬˵ֳΪǿһ񣬻аǼŵȵĶ֣ЩֵĻг̬֮Ҳ鷳
ľһ˫ɭϬ۾Χɨһ£Цӷ磬Ȼڲ֣Ǿ͵ſ˱аɡ
ľڼӷ磬ɳӷᱻ𣿾Բᣬ˵ľأǡ
۷񣬽ʮλãȻȫµһ۷֮սѾʼˣ֮ǰʮ֣ȻҪʱ۷ϳ֮ڽһսУǰʮλʤߣ۷֣ܵЩˣûʸ񡣡
Ҳԥһ۷񣬶˵ѾʲôˣȻѾΪԴߣǳڵĿ꣬ǺԼΪҲҪǱ߷ϣһЩĵļһ档ЩĵļһָǱǧ˿ƵĹϵ˲֪ĺܵģǺӾްҹŮ洣ģǺ룬һеһУ˫ۡ
еĳӷҲڵȴţȴľؽ˭ϳ
˵ľֻǸߣҲǴŵз˵ɣзһУš
Ը񣬻ǸСʱһ
ЦѵڳӷĶ
ǵĵһμŹùʱ˵Į
ⶼҵĴüСûĸףܾΪˣŻᵼǵԸƫġҵ⼸ŮͲ˵ˣ֪ТΪһУֻһ۸ˡ
̣ãŹùÿд֮磿
ǲд֮磬ıǽս
ŹùЩûعңһֱһ棬ϵȥս֣֣ܶħ֮¡˵Źù֮ԻܵҰֵӰ죬ߵ·ҲǰҰֵĹ켣ȥߵģ
ʵǼУĵģСŮ֡
Ϊʲô
Ϊ̫ǿĿһеΪе˹ͬĿġ
ˣˣˡ
ΪûһõĶ֣ڳˡ
̵˼ǣӾްҹ
ţӾްҹĿ㣬Ȼû֪ΪʲôҪ㣬ڶǰ£ͱҪ֣ԣںܵģӾ޽Ŀ꣬֡ңղŲ˸˺̻ɣܻǺǱ߸ӾްҹһϵһıǵĿ겢㵽Ǳߵʣ뽫֧öԸ֡
ⲻ̫ܰɣӾްҹֲɵӣԸһԣҪԸҰ֣ǲ鷳𡣡
̵ֻһԤУϣİɡ
浱ӷЦ˵䣬ľǱߣѾվˣվˣȴ˭Ҳû뵽ģ

һ䣬Ÿһʼһսû뵽ľؾͽɳˡ
쵰˵һˣȻܵ
ƴţתͷһ۶ĸʵ򣬸ʵĸһҲû˵
ⷽڸսģ˹Ǳߣ˭ս
˵˭սҾġ
ԯһˣ˵ɡ
ңǾŹùá
ӷ磬ôţ˵㡣
ΪˣΪѵĲԼʲôǣľصһͽƳˣʣԼߣ˾ŹùóǼλǿߣ˭һսѽھͽŹùĳƳȥĻǽЩǿߣ˭ȥӦ
ľػѡˣҲ׼˳ӷǱߵ˭Ϊ𾳽磬˭Ϊ磡
һƳӷǱҲһǿվĻˣһսǿ߱ضὫ¶ģһ¶ҲûҪϳˣֱӾʧһƳһģǶսһȻԼʤˣ
ľעĻͦģò˵ˣľҪܶࡣ
ֻľ벻ǣһվҲ֪ԼĶ˭òöʱͻһǵصĺϯ롣
Ľϣϣȫһ㱡ıƴţǼֻоһķֱֺͶ裬Ϊû𾳽ˣ
ģ˭ѽɣбҪôĳ𣡡
ƴţصıԹļһǵлѣǵ˵ĻһѾˣѵ˫ս𣡿Լ˵ĻѾģôԼҲ㡭ԼˣѽԼûĴѽȺֲ̫˵ɣ
˭Ѿģƴţһŭȴϣͷϣֱ
˵ģ˭ѽ
ͷţȻңŲұ㣿
һӰǰ
ƴţǼǰһɣôǸСѽ


1203 ۷֮ս5
һͯװСŮ۷սϣƽʮңԲԲ۾ͦıС죬·ǿͨͼΪɰΪرģСŮһ˳ֵģһֲȮһֵģµֻһͷӵĴСȫΪɫɫƤëŵĺڹ⣬Ŵͣݺݵ·Ҫǰе·ߣȫ˺ƬƵġ
СŮ׺ݵĲᵱڲϣûƣҪͷһ֣ǰеˡ
ǿĺСŮĳ֣ȥģȴ޵ɱɱǴСŮɢģǴͷɢģǿҵɱȫСŮ·ڱСŮƵġ

ᷢ޴ĺֺЩľڳĶ˵Ļǻᱻŵ˫ȷġ
ž
СŮصһ˲ƨϣС죬ǲˬСڣһ㣬ţƵô嶯
˵꣬СŮŴӲһ㣬תĻƴţһ
ѾͷѽӻǱأ
ƴţСŮĳֲһڲǵˣȻҪһǿˣԸղŵĺ֤˵ʵΡ
ֻǻƴţôҲ벻ͨΪϵߵѾͷʲôʱӵǿԸղǹԶԼ֮ѽӦ˵Լ޷ȥµģִûƴţûѪˡ
ѸϷǼСŮҲƴţһĳԾ
ôˣ
ûСŮǸӷڴѾͷһֱڳүߣûԼһˣôͻȻˣһǿƵĳ֣
ඣСѽ㣬㣬Ǻѽ
ƤĴкûﵱһսһ԰ˣ֮ء
طģΣգȻȥ
˼ǵģôܸ˼ء
ûȥǱߣתľأ˵Ҫļһһʼ˸𾳽ǿ߳㵱ûǿǰɣ
ľεҡҡͷȻȥһСѾͷƽϵģҲ֪СѾͷѽղŵѾ𾳽硣
һߣôϵʱھ͵𾳽磬ǻ˱˵ľظǣڰеĳӷ磬Ǵ⡣
Ѿͷүүôʱ䣬Ȼ߱ǿߣǼˡ
Ѿͷ򵥡
Ц˵
̣Ҳ򵥣ʵǰʶʱ;ˣѾͷŹùһǸԵĺսӣ֮ǰԯŮڵˣǼһﵱʱɱңѾͷȴҳΪѣ֮ڣҽģүүߡֻû뵽ѾͷȻ᲻򵥵ֵز
ΪӦƷľ硣
ʲôƷֻҵһôܣô쵽ģ
ϣǳѪ֮⣬ûκˣô̵ʱ˵ľ磬ǣѾͷ硣
磿
ûû´ĻѾͷûûиĸİɣ
ǵģԯĹŮҲΪˣҲŸΪѵġ˵磬еˡ
ȿɣҲܿʲôŵ
Цݻ˵а˵ĳϣû˿η壬һҲں
ԯһ˫۾ѾͷŮȻ˽Ѿͷģڣԯұ֤ǰӵ𾳽ѾͷǲԼǸŮ
ʵԯô
ѾͷǱʹҲҵΪʲôԭ򡣿ҿǱٴҲ͵߼ܾˣ澳綼޷ڣǳҵ󣬶ң𾳽磬Ϊ֮ϣǼˣ
˵ϴ̩ɽʱ򣬾ͼѾͷүһ𣬻᲻ǳү϶ʲôֽţ
ⲻܣǳҵǿȻ࣬ÿһһһӡ߳ģͲܴȣ¥һġ
ӷ磬𡣡
ӷĸ졣
Ǻ£ǡ
Ǻ£ǻµĻҸײȻڻţǾҸģѾͷдô
ֻƷľ磬Ѿͷľ磬Ӧò֮¡
Ӧ˵ҪһƷľ硣
սսĻһսӮ
δء
ʲô˼
ȥ֪ˡ
ûȥˣҲûȥľأʵ˹
ŶʲôŶ
ʲôⲻǷϻôȻˡ
ǸСѾͷŶҲŶ
ҪŶǴŶ
֮䣬ͺСѾͷ⻹û֣ͷϣѾˡ
ȥŶҪӷŶ
Ŷ㻹ûʸŶ
̫ûòŶ
ûòŶҲòȥŶҴòŶ
һߵĲᣬ˵СڣŶ

Ҳԥֱӳ˹ȥ
ӰһоһǿϮڱһǽ
顣
һƴ˱ǽ֮ϣǽ˷飬Ҳʱǵصٴϯȫ
ͬʱͷᣬҲ˸ı䣬ԭĺɫΪ˰ɫѩɫ
һͷѩɫĲͷȫ磬ûаɣڣͳˡ
ŶǼŶ
ߣҲŶ
ǲвŶѾˣװŶСڣҧŶҽװŶ


1204 ۷֮ս6
ǱˣǸӣﶼЩŭģ͸οһ𾳽ǿˡ
Ϊ𾳽磬ΪԴ֮ЩͨˣĿоͶϲ࣬һԲ֮ͣǿ֮䣬Ҳˣʵ۸£۳ɰܡ
ûзŭһ߶ûвô϶Ǳֿ籩Ϯǣȥı飡˵̬ҲֻԴȱһܰĵˡ
û£˵ģȴʼŭ
СѾཱུĺܳˣսѾͷԼԷԷȻһ㷴ӦûУɼԼһУҪŭķŭĴʧˮ׼ķвͨģȻַвͨҲûҪȥˣеʱǽԴߣԭǲıģԱϵΪǵصĺʹ룬ΧǼأһıþòữȥ
ǼҲľظ죬ټһʵ򣬼ΪǴĳԾ
Ʒ
ľϵıѾѿˣ֮ǰΪΪ𾳽磬ʵӦòġڿԼ뷨ǳ״ˣͻȻðСѾͷʵʵˣƷʵɱ߳һѽ
ǳͳǿмߵһܣҲǳͼƻ˵İɣΪ˳嶯ɲ£ʵһĸûڳư棬ҪȥԸĳˣ̫ܣ½ǵΪʥ۷徳磬Ҳ̫á
ͬһûĻûгϷûҰĵŮˣҪһ㣬ŮˣһͬƣԼ˵ʲôŵģԣĲŻὫΪΪߡ
Ȼڳеһľأľؿ˵ĸһܶ෽涼ڳӷ֮£ȳӷ绹ҪǿϾľصģȳӷҪֻˣܰԼĳ˶ԿҲɵѽΪľ̫ˣ̫ɫģǰֻȱһֻˣһõ޴Ļᣬ˭ܱ֤ľزΪڶӾްҹӷŲɵԼһ޴вأ
ƷҪսƷ˵׾ٵ飬Դ֮䣬ÿһ׶еÿһС׶Σһ֮Ǿ֮ûӷǰǿܣҪԵʤߣսǿǾԲܵ顣
Ʒ˳˳ԾĻҲ˰ģ٣Ǽ֮ܿϣһսʤǺܸߵġ
ղ˵Ѿͷһʤӣˡ
˵ͷ˵ȷ֮ǰܿ϶ѾͷΪһôľ磬ȻѾչֳˣһսѾͷӮˡֻѽ
ϧʲôԯʵ
ѾͷŮԸӦúɡսʤһ׼˵ĵˣҹƣǱضҪȡԷģԣһˡ
˵䣬ѾˣƷֱȶǿһ֮£˵˿ĻᶼûУ㿪һΣҲ㿪ڶΡ
ʱ֮ǰԾľأ־ŵıһɨ֮ǰɭı飬һγ֣ͲʲôƵģӲ䡣
ľصı֣ıӷ翴ˣӷȴһֲĸо
ȻľسһսľȻ뿴䡣չֳƷʵȴƷľأȴͲƵġ⵽ô£
ӷ绰䣬Цѵʼ˵оûУ
ʲô
ӷȻһԭһʯͷϵվ˫ֱĶĶš
û˿Ĺƣһĳ֮⣬ûзκεķ˿ûзĻᣬûзͬʱôܽĽȫ㿪أҲ̫Ծ˰ɣ
ɵŮˣǰװװס
·ҪҲһҲʱɫ΢Щת䡣
ССͣôһòûŶҾĸĸúýѵѵŶ
ƾƷľ磬˵Ҫѵң
ģһŶȻҲŶȷ̫Ŷ㳤һŶǸĿŶ
ͻأڣ͵ıһҲԲģȴǴġ
һͻ䣬ڳˣȫվ֮ǰˣ֮ǰ˷Լ߼ӮһսˣȫɵۣаڣҲеĳӷڡ
ⲻܣ
ӷһ˫ӼҪˣΪ˸Ͳܷ顣
ˣϳ֣Ȼˡ
Ǳߣԯ
ʵʲô
еĳӷһͲԼ۾Լ顣
ǡҳѪ
ѪȻڱˣôܣԲѽ⵽ô£
ǿҵѪ⣬ȫ޷ȥǿҵѪ⣬ΪѪǴڱģȻȻǳĿ꣬Ѫ⣬գۼ䣬ȫ˹ȥ


1205 ۷֮ս7
˭ĵѪȻһ˵չ˳˵ڳˣƾǻԶɽ۸ӣԾһѵġ
Ҫ֪ҵѪڲͬģӵͬʱҲȼӵߵӲǳÿһﶼӵеģÿһУֻһˣӵѪһ˫̥̥֮ġ
ڣȻӳ˳Ѫ˲ڳĳڰеĳӷ磬ĺܵģ˿٣ǴĳѪ֮
ѹľػ˵޿֣أ֪£ӦҲǵʱڻʢٽʱҪûԭȻǳҵѪ
ҵѪһҪǳҵܿƵסʩչѪ޷ȥƣֻΪѪǴڱģȻҲ֤ѪͲ
еĳӷĳԾǱκʱҪԾ飡
Ϊʲô鷢Ҫ¸ǳѪôһ˵ڣ
Цѵʼ꣬ɲǼСѽһѪˣǶڳӷ磬˵Ǽ£пܻһ޷Ĵ
ӷǳԾû˶ʧȥе˼ʶڲͣתţ
Ȼ䣬ӷ뵽ʲôƵģ˵Ȼƭˣ
˵˭ƭˣ
˭ȻǳˡǸŮˣûʧȥѪ
ʲô˵ʲôⲻܣӾްҹǽǳѪ뵱ʱļԿĻǳҵʱļͲ䡣
̣Ҳˣ˵˳ĵѪҳҵʱļԿġǳֱѪӾްҹĻʱļ壬ܱͬ
˼ǣʱǳһ䣬ΪӾްҹ˳ĵѪΪ֮ãǳĸӾްҹһ֣ʹǳҵܸ˺
Ѿ˿ĻˡܻӵѪǺԾǳĵģȻĵѪһֱڣ˵飬ȫǼٵģǳĸӾްҹһݳһϷƭǳôˡ
ĻǳĸӾڣΪʲôֻᷭ
һ֪Կ϶һǣĸӾްҹ֮䣬ͲʲôŮϵӾްҹҲûʲôмȥƭġ
һжǼٵģǳĵ굽ΪʲôҪԼļ壿
磬磬ǻ֮⣬֮ĺӲһҲ˵Źͬ׷ĶҲһ档ȻĲΪŮ֮鱳ǳңӾްҹǾһΪҪõʲôƾһ˵Ǹܵõģԣͽ˺ӾްҹӾްҹһԿ϶һǣĸӾްҹõĶһǳҵĶɹʶ
ǳҵĶǳңΪģս׸汦ˡѵõģ
ֻĻʱļʱҾѾսףҪһõս׸汦飬Ѽ壬ӾްҹΪʲôʱҴսʱ㾡һУһнҳȥսףɴ˿ɼӾްҹõĶô򵥣һʲôǱӹصģܣүүҰֶ֪͸Ӳ֪ˣ
Ц˵ǳĵ걳ѼԭˣӾްҹҪõĶһǳҪҪģԳư棬棬ǽ֮ڡĶǳңĴ𣿡
ڲѾҪˣҪǣȻѾǳңûʸӵǳҵѪԭһģѪںӾްҹĻҵʱҪԸӾްҹϼˡڲͬˣֻҪܽѪջأͿԼһݵĹ˼
һѪŮˣȻԵ϶쾳磬ӷ籾ɣĵٺãҲ͵϶ľˣҪ϶۷徳磬ûѪôܰ쵽ģԭһֱƭˣƭųѪһֱϣû
̣һǿߣĳƺţ᲻
һĪ⣬ЦеͿѪ˳СѾͷ޷֮ģƲסѪҲ֧Ų˶ãӷʱ򻹲֣ʳôֵ⣡
Цѻǻشһ˵ΪǿʱʱԼĳƺȻģΪǶ֪ԼţȥҪã
ǶںӾްҹĴڣԸúĳƺ𣿡
Ǿ͸ˣӾްҹǺĵһλʵۣôܻúĳƺۡ
Ҳ˵ӾްҹˣһĳƺԶȥú֪ǺĵһλʵۣͬʱһǳĻʵۣ
Եˡ
ӷʱЦһεĿЦһֱˣתĿЦ
˵ǳҾۣӣӾްҹǳκһˣҪ飬鵽ˡ
⻰ʲô˼
Ӿһգҵգ̣Ϊڵ뷨ȥ룬ҹҹ⵽һ˵֣ǣŮ˵֣
ӷôһ˵ЦѺסˣûзӦ
ɳӷȴٵˣͬһǿҵѪⱬ˹ȥ
ҳѪʲô˶õһսԽ


1206 ۷֮ս8
ӷٲֵĻҪɥˣǻܵľ֮ЩţֱӾͳ˳ȥѪõĿƣѪһ
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һǿĲ˷ɢȥʹֳˣȫ˼ʮףΪѪ໥ĲʹľͳܲסڵѪҺʱһӵﴦֱʺ
ۡ
ͷͷΪѩɫĲһ˳ȥĿһѪʱһӰһץס˺һ֮ϡ
ҲΪѪĹϵڵأӷȴȶվ˫һɨǰʱֻ뽫ŮΪõ뷨˿̾Ȼʧȡ֮ģ޾ɱ⡣
ľһֻԼؿڣѪ໥ײʵ̫ǿ󣬺ԼıȽԶҲ˷һ󲨼ԼҲܡ
ҳѪȿʹõġҳѪҡ
ҵѪڳģУͲЩߡ
ڳӷĿУľǸͷβİǣҲʱΪʲôѡѳңȻѾˣûʸӵгҵѪ
ȻܽѪǳӷͬԽѪᵽ֡
ӷ˵ʲôӲ֪ԼղڳҵģЩľȴ֪
ӷ磬۷֮սսҲѾˣҪӮĻֵ¼£ҪǽʲôҲδ̫Ц˰ɡ˵ˣƾʲô˵ǳҵģѵϣֻǳңӵǿ𣿡
ľ˵Ҳԣղڳҵģ˵ʲô˵ҵͬʹãǣģ֮Ĺϵ˵ǿԼҵһЦˣԲ֪
ȻľҲ֪ǳҵˣӷĻ¶ͬʱҲûб¶κһ˿ɻ̬֮Ŀģɱӷ磬ֻҪɱ˳ӷ磬κһдۣľضԸ⸶
˵ǿ˼Ŷ
ӷһ룬ӣֻڴ֮󣬽ڵѪûķˡ
תһѾͻȻ֮˸ˣֻǳӷôҲ벻ģȻǸʥʹߡ
ոյͳˣӷ籾ڿҲպǰԼ뷨ڽаɡ
ֻ仰óӷ磬Ǵһѡ
Сû°ɣ
С
ӷеԼûɣȻΪСô£
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ҲûΪƺе⣬һѽƿȥǵѪ˵û£Щ˹ܡ
СǴܹܼ£ʥʹС밲
ޣʲôƨܹܵģԶһˣŵЩһϵζ;öġ
ӽȥϴˣܵӷߣųӷ֣Ц˧磬ڳˡ
ӷڶĪֿ˿㲻⾿ôһˣʲôݣ
ʶǸŮˣ
ʶЩˣһҲʶ
ӷһ䣬ࡣ
е飬ϾǸСѾͷӷôһȻû׵ģҲֻʵشǺˡ
Ǻģ֪أΪʲôʶΪʲôС
ΪΪҸףǺӾ㣬ҲǺεۻʡ
ʲô˵Ǻλʵ۵Ů
ǵġ˧磬ȻǸӾҸûκιϵˣңĸ׸ϳŵһ̣֮䣬ûиŮϵˡ
ЦˣʶôõȻǴ˵ŮǺĹң˵ͲܼǵԼĸױѽ֪ôǣĸף˭ʲôط
˧磬ģڻȴЩһɣ飬սٸɡ
ĹӾŮҲ˵ǺӾްҹˣǸ˵ԼŵĹ
ӷԥѾɱ⡣
Ѽӷڵı飬ֱҲǵһμˣȻ֪ӷʲô
ӷ磬ʲôòɱɣ
ɱ
ԯҲһȻ֪ʲô飬Ҳ֪ô˵Ůԯɲ¡
ӷ磬Ҹӣʲô£һս˵ɡԯ˵
ӷûκˣǿĳַ˵вɱڳκһ˶Ҫѽ
˧磬㣬òɱҰɣ
ӷûкҲԼʲôϵϾǺĹȻʵǾͲݸı䡣
ǰ˵ԭǳҵˣһֱƭң
ûҵȷǳҵˣǳһļ̳ˣǺɱ֮ˡ
ӷ磬ǳӷ磿
ûǡ
ھɱ㡣
㵱㻹Ǹʥǿ𣿾ɱңҲ뿪򡣡
㡭
飬֮˵
ӷתͷ˵飬Ҳ֮ٴڸҹԹԵվһߵġסǧʲô뷨򣬱ҳӷ粻飡


1207 ۷֮ս9
Ԥϵģ˭ĵСȻڵ磬ңʶ˳ӷ磬ұԶɽŮһߣ⣬Ҳһַ۴̰ɣĵжԹϵȴһСѾͷ˽
ҲΪʲôڵ磬ģģӷ綼ûʱȥ룬Ͼڲ֪ĵ걳ѳҵԭҲ֤ˣĸӾްҹһģڷҲΪ߲ĹϵǸŮˣ̫£µƭԳӷ뽫Ѫջκδۡ
ôһ仰˵ĺãۣȺ֣ô˸ôߵһ𣬳һյŮˣӾްҹһ֮ˣһƭˣڣӷɣνʼʵۣһͳһĺӾްҹͲǸˣţ˵һǸŮˡ
Ůˣ˵ӾްҹŮ˵Ļ̫˵㣬ӷȻһŮ˸Ū˶ʮ꣬ˣȫһŮ˸ƭ£һŮˣһϵˣ⣬ǲ̫Цˣ
ӷ糤ôһӾްҹ֮⣬ûκεطκϳԹȻڱӾްҹǸŮ˵ļһˣˣԳӷԸһҪһ֮𣬲ܺӾްҹôգôթӣǳ׽ˡ
ܵҵĵǰɣұضȥĵϣȫ
ӷ뷨Ǻõģ˭飬вĵֻǳӷ벻ǣ취Է֮ǰԷȴѾƻһǧʱ䣬֮󣬳ӷ罫Ҫ̤һ֮·һӷܹĻأһеһУд
ʱ䲻ڳӷʱȹǰⳡ۷֮սŸոտʼ
Ȼ޷ڰˣǾͰ֮ǰԼģһ֮ս°ɣ
ľشЦӷ磬㻹гˣڣҲܺģɱ㲻ɱˣңԽԽӽˡ
ľأ㣬ңȣҿɶˡ
ɣ;ɣڣҲûʲôõĵˡ
ľصһӣʱΧ
죬һҲ뿪˵ء
ľشЦһΧȫӷ֮ӿ˹ȫˡ
ļľؾȻţԼЩ˷̾ŭˡ
ľأⳡ۷֮սûֵķݡϸҡ

ľһֻ΢΢ֻ̧һǿֱġ
ޱ䣬ͬʱҲоǿɱԼϮ
վڵߵĵ죬һ㷴ӦûУЩνҲһ㶯ûУǾţģľһˣ˵ϣѪ
ľأ㡭
ϼһ㻹浱ԼǸˡڸұ죬Ҳһܷһ򣬾Ҫ
ϣ˼ľؾȻǹͷԼ˶֣һȫŭǳľش򣬵ӰһѾ˸סˡ
ৣৡ
ڹӵɢͬ䴩ʮֵš
˱ľˣԼЩ˸ҪΪ˱ľأû뵽ԼȻľվһ𣬷ɱԼˡ
Ǻ⣿
ЦҪʵ⣬Ǻ⣬ѵ𡣡

ˣڿʼҲûˣǲģң˳˹
ʲô˳˭
ϣ󾪲ԣΪԼˣһӦͱ׿л԰İ˹ǰ˵ڿʼҿл԰˹һ塣
ʲôл԰˹⵽ôһ£ӷ磬סˡ
ʵһԼĸףΪʲôȴ˹ǿµ񣬸ʵ̵ͷһ仰Ҳ˵
ٸԽ͢ıҲѾվ˳˵ٸԽ͢ڿʼҲ˹һ壬ӽ޽͢
л԰͢ȻȫͶ˹ʱ򣬾ɵӣҲӦ뵽˵ʲô
ģ˵Ȼһף۷֮սϣȻ£ӣУŮҲзݵģЩ񣬲һ仰Ҳ˵
ľһЦ˵ڼѾȫ˳˹Ȼձڡǰµ㣬ָΣ
µӦΪһʱ򣬶֪Լܵ۷սǱ˸ģԼЩʵѾվ˹ǱߣӿЦǣӷˣľһѣȻ㳲
Ѿһߵˣµ˵һֵĻⳡ۷֮սʧ
ԭͺϼƺ˵ģ첻Ҫɱӷ磬δ߶˹Ҫͳһȫľأ˹ˣ
ľЦû˹ˣǽܹϵ
ܣ
ǼûˤľظǽܣҲ̫˵ɣһǶˣһˣһѪļûУôܻǽܡ
ʱ˭ȥʲôԷžҪưǱߣҲǵõվ˹Ǳߣԭ˵ĹϵȴΪһһֻһ쵼˵壬˵ĹϵҪǿöˣ٣ǵУֻһˣԷʩ


1208 ۷֮ս10
Ƿֳĵ걳ѳҵԭڣǻɺӾްҹǸŮˣɲΪӾްҹ֣֮ĺӾްҹǸ˵ĻǳĻбҪڣ˵ʲôҪƭĳһڣˣڣΪӾްҹǸˣֻˣŻȥƭһŮ˵ĸ飬ŮŮ֮䣬һŲΪ֪ܣܣҲǳӷ֪ģܣܣĴڣ
֪֮ǺСǸʵ۵СŮţľͻȻΪ˹ˣΪ˽ܣҽһеȫ˹֮£ľأ˵ǳͰź˵ģУŮҲһڰģЩ񣬲һ˵ۿľؽе˹Ȼһƨҷš
ıľˣ׵ˣͱ׿л԰ٸԽ͢Ҳͬһʱ䣬ȫͶ˹ʣһµֻһѡҪΪٵȥҪ𣬾ʶʱΪܣѧϰӴΪ˵һֻԶ˵ɫ¡
µҲɵϣ鶼ѾչһľҲ͸л԰н͢Э飬˫ǲûУֱѡģԼΪԱǵͷ˺ˡ
ʮǰΪ˶ԿԶɽγɵȫеڣӷʣµĴڽ죬Ϊһ壬Ҳ˵ڿʼУ˹Ϊǿġ
Ϊ˹ˣҲ㹻ǰһֱţ˹ˣû߶ɽ죬ȴֱôһɼҪʼչжˣĺ飬Ů洣硣
òϣĵȷһǳͷԵŮˣԳ۵ʱװһӣֻҪ۵ʱû֣Լȵ˻ʱֱӽԼļƻչֳηۣΪѾ˶Ը۵ķ
ڳӷ磬ڶ֪ľ˹˵Ļ̫ٶˣľǼȫǳģľһУֶΪ˹ɼ˹λλˮˣѾ֮ˣ
ԳĸŮ洵ĺŮѾϲֿΪǿһȥҲ˵˫֮䣬ν£޵ˣ
ӷ֮ǰľ˵ڽ۷֮սУԼҪһ֮ս£仰Ҳ֤ˣȴȳӷȥ֤ˣһ
ɭľһָֻųӷ磬ٿ˿ԼЩˣЩͻһЦ˵ӷ磬İţ񣿡
ӷεҡҡͷص֣ΪľصƵģʵҲΪľؽľʱ֣һϵеİƽкá
ǳòϣһսľأѾӮһͷʣǿסͬʱ磬Ҳסˡ
ܵõӵһ佱ʵҵѽ
ҶĿ佱ٰɡ
ȷ٣ֻϧ´εĿ佱ˣ㣬ﻹе㲻̫
ôΪЩ˵ɱ𣿡
ľһ֣ԼȴȥͬʱľˣȫǰΧҲȫӷΧ˹
ɱɱһ£ӵݣ˵ڵĻһҪɡûǴĻ㵱ʱ˵죬Ҫһ֮ս¡Ȼ˵µʮ֮һҲǼǿˣҵʶʶӣôһ֮սµġ
ƴţһľ⻰ˣΪ˶˲ѵ˻𡣡
ţվס
һס˻ƴţʱǧȻľض鰲ųˣ֪ûкУһԼ˳嶯ǾͿܻľصĺС
ӷ˵ɣǡ
ס
ʵӷ磬һˣ𣿡
Ů洸һҲ·һţŮˣӦò޳ܵȵزɡ
ãȻҪսȺۣŹùҲ㣬Ҳ㣬չֳŮ֪ҳңɲǵȴǵġ
ģΪ˱ߣҲҪ׼
ӷһ֣ǧֹǧˣȫˣ߸ӰӣȴûΪһսĽôӷ綼ҪΪԼһ·ΪľػͷŽгģȻǰˣԼαĻ
ǾҪӷվͬһսϵģڣԼĸףȻͶ˹Ȼ˼
ףΪʲôҪ
ΪٸԽ͢ĽѡԼ·Ǹ׵飬Ҫѡʲô·ǾԲģҪվ˳ӷǱߣǴڿʼǸŮǵˡ
ŮˣΪˣ֮ǰǧֹеƣΨһͬǣǧֹʱĸ׶ɱȴûֵز
ӷҲΪѣ˵Լ·Լߣԣ㽫ɱˣҲԲᶯģԱٸԽ͢
ӷ磬仰Ѿ㹻ˣҲ֪Լ·ôȥѡ񡣸ףԲҲ֪ҵƢֻҪ϶˵飬˭޷ı䣬ڡ
ܺãұ޵ŮǾͲҪ˼ôˣöֵʱͶְɣǸŮ֮飬Ӵһϡ
ӷҲʲôȻʱվԼߣԼ󣬶
ʵأվľǱߣǵ
ԣӷȰ˵ڳЩˣһǾĶˡ
ʵ̾˿ûȥĸףĸҲһ仰û˵
ӷ磬ѣȻˣԺҲѣöֵʱ򣬾ɡΪ˹ȫ֣Ҳֻˡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦʵ⻰˵ĺãҲֻгӷʵ֪
ŵȣҿˣ飬Լ
ŵȵ˵ͷҲǸĸ˹ģȻѾˣںʲô
ӦǵģȻҪԼ˵·Űɡ
ӷЦһʱѵΪľҪɱģֻԼһߵˣΣգոշػʢٵپƼڡ
ɣڵıû㵽ġ֪ͨپǣƼȡжˣ˻йһˣԶˣʱһҶɱ
ף֪ͨүүǣ˻й
ľЦӷ磬ڲţеҸ㣬첻㣬ˣȫҪɱ
ţҪʿɶֹţƤˣҪˣĸŮ洣ͬûˡ
ٷϻ˹֮Ů֮ɱӷ硣
ǣӷ磬


1209 һ˵ս1
ľأʵ⣬ڳеˣȫӷһӵϣЩ˵УΪߵģӦƷƷľ磬׵ģ۷徳綼û˵ԽӷҲһǳ׵飬˭еĸ֣Щ񣬶˿Ĵ⣬Ͼӷǳҵļ̳ˣ֪˶ʵ
Ϊףͷǰ档
һ״â·صʮ׵磬ֱӷҪá
ӷ֮ӿɸͬͲܱʲôʵһǾ·һ
񽣡
ৡ
ɫľͳ˳ӷǰӷֳֵ񽣣ޣػӳһɫ⣬ϳӷе
¡
ϳʮѺۣͬһС͵ĵ㣬ӷʩչϵ񽣵߶ʮһɱǽʩչ
ɱѡ
оһǿɱǿɱԼΪͲȥӲӳӷһΪ֪ӷеİɫͳǵеģ֮ǿ䲻˵Ƿǳٻ֪һЩġ
ޣ죬ǳ۵ɱС
СмʶҵɱУɲˡ

Ѫ䣬ӷȻһʼͽѪ˳û̼ʩչƿȭƿȭǳӷǿɱУƲ򲻵ǲʩչģǿҪȼģĳҲһͬھɱУӷôܻʱã
ţѪֻͬгѪ֮⣬̽ѪӳȽӷѹȥ˵
ŶҸղѾùһˣѪֻƵá
ľػû뵽㣬ΪѪԸӷһģû뵽ȴûȥʹóѪʹһΣҲܿƵסġ
񣬰ޣΪֿĻӷĻᡣǼеȫұǲԼҲûϵ
ľأں˵ʲôȻѾͶ˹ȴڻҡµŭ
㶮ƨɱӷʱ˽죬ãԺ󻹻Ļ𡣡
ҲܰȫڻʹɱӷʱԼΪʲô֣
µٸҸҷϻҾɱ㡣
µƣ£ܲͷԼڻңһľҲһԼġ
֮£µֻǴи֣ƹޣ˵Ѫʱг嵽ǿ档

ӷеĵʱǼ˾ɱܶԷ˭ֻҪǸҳ嵽ԼǰģͲ˺һˡ
һ˵ùĵһ˳ӷĽ£ӷ죬ݺᣬսһɣ񽣾ͺñһͷҰް㣬ͷ·Ұ޵㣬ֱӹҶϵ˵ĲӣѪͬȪƵӿӿϰУΪһεεѪ꣬Ӱ
㿪Ѫ֮漴һɰУ嵹תе״ʮ׵緢ֱӷ磬ҲʱһѳìһìڰлΪǧ֧ìǵ֮ƣγһȦΣȦ֮£ǳӷվ֮
ӷ磬ӷҲѾ޵ΪƷľ磬ÿһˣԼ߳һĴ򷨣Ϊȥ֮ԿĻǱɵģԪڸòˣһڶȴʱΣЩһﰭ£ӷͲһֵ֮ס˸Ľ
ڣЩһﵱУûֵľǼǼ𾳽ǿ֮⣬ˣΪֻҪӷ㿪޽ͬʱļһȫʣģֻм񣬸ľǼˣ
һ룬ҪôŽͬʱЩļһȫأ޷ͳͳɱҲҪûгֵˣ
һ룬ӣʹԴ֮⣬ûԴȴںʩչΪʩչԴǴˣ̫Сˣ
뵽⣬ӷһǹһط㿪ͬʱûԼԴͬλãֻҪԼڳһʱ䣬һ㣬Լа취ȳһԴƣٶȣľǼ֮ǰ٣Щļһȫ
ڳӷսӦսͬʱǱߣҲûж
ƴţеһ֣ҸЩһ
ţڲǳ嶯ʱ򣬶̫ǿ̫߻֮⡣ӷھڰסЩ֣㹻ʱɱΧ
㣬ʲô˼ѵǾͲܳ𣿡
˵ǲܣǱҪɱһ·ӷ޷ֹռκεıˡ
ʵ˭֪ڶԷȫ֮ʱԼⷽϾѾעⳡ۷֮ս䣬ϽЩûʸļһˣ򣬼ǧ֣ܻң
˵һ̣ӷѹԽҪӷ磬һҪϳ˴ɱһ·Ҳڰӷ硣ˣҲ˵ôˣǱߣм𾳽ǿߡŵȣӦӦûʲôɣ
ŵȵͷû⣬Ҳܱ֤Ӧͬʱܷǡ
㲻ҪǣֻҪס͹ˣģҸԯסնɱĻնɱĻȫһ
ɱ¾Ȼءôãûɱôˡ
ǽ죬ɱʹ죬Ż֪ˣҪˬĶࡣ
Ӧþǳֻˣԭɡ
˵ˣҪϻˣ˴ɣʮħֵˡɣǼϺɱɱ٣ӷ罫Щ谭
õģ֪ôˡ
һס˵ѾͷڲɵʱΪڱǶˣǶɱ
涼ѾˣҲȥӷ֮ǰĻҪ֣ȴֹסˡ
СѵҪӷǳҵѽ
ڣҲǳҵˣñֹңȻһɱ
СҪˡɱ˳ӷ磬һԷġһųӷգǱߣǱߣһŭġ
ҸӾ㣬޹ϵˣҸĸŵʱѾҵĸˣպ棬ҲҪΪĸֻһ
ڸûȥֹӷΪ裬ΪʥʹߣʹҪغǾֵ̫ˣֻܷŹɱӷĻᣬѡ뿪Ͼܱ֤Ҳûܱ֤һս³ӷء


1210 һ˵ս2
ƷǿǳӷǰвҲϰֻҪǿ棬Լû˿ĻᣬνķҲǽͨĽ޷˾
սϵѾˣѾʼΪӷ׼˺߱ǧĴ£Ѿİ˴ɣʮħչսΪԶ֮߱ϣǧǱߣҲֲ̫ãŵס𾳽ǿߣ𾳽ǿɳӦϾϵĲ࣬ЩһķҲǳصģԣ߱ǱְֻܼСʱң˻Ԥ֮ڡ
ڣȰ˵һĵվڳӷߣƷľ磬ȻǿӦһʱģһҲ߱ǿһݾ޴ʵóӷԿճʱȥԸȼһ
ӷ绹֪һսˣѾֵģЩûгֵģľǼһڵȴһʱǽԼʱٳָԼһǸʱԼɾˣһĺܲңܱס
֮ڵ嶼δ棬ĸŮ活û𣬺ӾްҹǸеBOSSҲûӷܾͰԲܣӷҲԲԼġ
ֻһ֮䣬Ҳһ֮䣬һһƬգ޴ԭҰһ֮ľ룬죬ҲԾǰ
ӷ罫Ʒʵȫ˳ȴ޵ֿ⣬˵֣һ㲻ֻһ㡣
û뵽ôʱ䣬ΪѾƷľ硣죬ΪٸߣҲһġ
𣿡
ӷֱ֮ϣ֮죬֮죬޸ͷ
ڴ˿̣ӷڵѪٴα˫ȭգһǿƻԳӷڲϵ쿪
ƻǰޣ񣬶Ǽʶģʱӷ𾳽磬һȭƻ֮ʱġ
񣬰ޣˣҳƿȭ֮°ɡ
ãǳҵϾƣǵֵס
ޱ䣬û뵽ӷȻ˷񣬸ʩչƿȭһȭȷԼֵܵסģͬʱԳӷ磬Ҳûκεĺô
ӣӷǱƵû취ˣĵҲʹ˳
벻ǣӷڵѪձиһгƿȭ֣µȭûзӳ
޸һƿȭžųӷ֪ԼĻˣʱƭޣҲ˵Լ㹻ʱ䣬ЩְŵļһҪһϡ
֮С
⣬ϵˡ
֪ϵȴѾ̫ˣУȫΧ˹쿴ųӷֶΣֻ֣ѾͲסˡ
죬ʱδһ¡
ľ׼ֹס˵졣
ѵһûзû˵ľصģס
ӷķ֮ϣһӣٰˣҲ֮ˣķ֮УԶԶ
֮硣

޴ڳӷǰγɣϣ˹ȥ޴罫ϣȫ˽ȥЩļһǲֵܵסԴġ
ϣһڳӷԴ֮£ҧгݣĿǰɳӷ磬ȴЦ
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µһˣѵɵϣһĪıɱ𣬳ӷһУҲԼδ۷徳綼ûͻƵļһô֪ԴĿ֮
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ˣ˭һҾɱ˭
ľµߣ䣬˺˻е
ľأ㡭
Ҫģҳ塣
µǱвסˣԼ壬ֻ·һˣδػ
֮£µֻӲͷƤٴǰ塣
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ʱǱһˮΧסȫƵģˮУʮֵѣ
Ϊȡʱ䣬ӷ粻ܵ˯ˮ֮շ֮ǻ֮漴
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һС͵Ļɽڣɵðɽڶ׼Щ
飬飬顣
ɽͬʱʹıˮΧ޷ȫգȼճ˻ҽ
л԰͢˫һɡ
֮ǿ
޼ӷʱʩչԴԼٲǰȥֹĻЩҪӷɱˡ
ӷ磬ݵò񡣡
ΪʵʵĴţڻûֵǡ
¡
ǿڵѳһĿӣֱ޳˹ȥ
ɳӷ磬ȴѾ֮
޵ˣȫȥɡ
ৣৣৡ
ļγɣһž޴
ãˣȫԴ̫󡣡
񻰸䣬һжѾ̫ˣӷ޵ѾչȺһȺ幥룬Ѿʬˣкܶ࣬ʬǶ޴ˣ
ŵתͷһ۳ӷǱߣӷѾƽȶҲͷˣɵʦүֱӳɱȥ
ĸǿߣӦ棬ԣâݺᡣ
ǵߣҲȫʬ壬ÿһ˵ϣ˺ۣνŮνУһ̣Ҳ֮ɡ
˵ľأٲ֣ͱӷˣңһսҲռ˱ˡ
ôˣ˾޴Ȼһӷ綼ɱˣȥ˸ЦԼսڳӷУѵ˵Ĳм˵УҲһЦ
죬ʵʱˣ֮ӷһս
ӷһЦȴǶǱߵģӰ񣬳

ǧֹ֮⣬߸𾳽ǿߣȫ֮ⷴɱ˽ӤҰǱߡ
ǿߣӷ磬ԭ㻹һ֡
ôľأû㵽İɡ߸ǿߣͻΧ
ôһˡ
һˣҪԸԡ
Ǿͷһսɡ
𼱣һҪӦ佣¥֣׵¼֣ȫҳ
̫ӣѾȵĲͷˡ
佣ʱ֣¥һ
ӣ˽ǣһĶԸľ˵
ܺãǾ鷳λˣս֮ҳӷ磬Եл
̫ˣҶԼˣ£ֻҪһ仰˵
š佣ֻʣƷǿߣƷǿˡǲҪӲƴֻҪҽǵķӦͺá
̫ӷģס
佣һӿϣǼΧ
ЦˣȻΪУ֪
ΪУûǴֻҪǲ򣬾һoKˡ
ʲôƨɡ
֣ý磬סǼ
á
佣ȻЩĶ֣Ҫ֮ԣǾӷôܻǵɵ£
ҪԸľǼǾһֽܲΨһķǣԽ磬ǸסҲС佣ʱӳǱ߸Ľ磬ҲΪʲô佣ڲųֵҪԭ


1211 һ˵ս3
ʢ٣ոյƼҲãȴѾ˼پѾƼҵټƼߵҲӵƵ㾭үӵڿʼɶپˣƼңģؼĴս
һսʤߣΪĵһڰ֯ߣȻĺѿԣһսƼҺҪڿؼǱߣҲ൱Ҫ
Ͽһյ磬ͽȫټ׼Ƽҵһս
Ƽ߸ҪҲ˵ڳǰһ̣پͻȻӵ̵ĵ绰绰ݷǳ򵥣ȴҲپʮֵ𾪡
Ҷϵ绰پʶģƼ˵жʱȡƼҶ˳ʢ٣й
ôһ仰Ƽҵ𾪣Ǽе˼顣
پں˵Щʲôǽͽؼˣôعȥ
پ׵ǲԸҲЩĲԾʵòɼǱ߳ʲô°ɣ
ҪˣǾĸԴ绰ġǱҪһСʱڣ˳ʢ٣֮뿪ǲֱӷعڣҲҪȵĹȥʢ٣ǲˡ
˵ⲻУɼǱ߳⣬Ҫ̸Ϲȥ
ܹȥ𣿼ȻľԣɼǱһ˼鷳˵ôˣ̴˳ʢ٣һ˿ؼǧҪӲƴΪؼǱߵǲͬˡ
˵Ǻã˳ʢ˵顣
پƵ㾭鷿ȥֱӽ鷿Ÿ˿˵үӣϸ뿪
Ƶ㾭پһŸһԼ뿪Ƶ㾭ǲˣǰ˵Ҫؼ壬ôżӵĹ򣬾ҪԼ뿪ˣҪȥѽ
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Ҳ֪ɼǱߵȻҪء
鷿ؼѾɱ˽֡үӣ뿪
Ŀ湻ġôһҪүӣ޷ĸȱү˳ʢ٣ؼֵ
ǺãԼСһ㣬Ҳˣֱ͵ǰӢȻٷعȥ
˽ֵĽֿڴؼȫڼձ˵Ĵ֮£Ѿɱ˽پһƼҵվƼſڣȴǡ
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ձɽؼ֣ЩһƼңһҲ뿪
ǾҪձɽĺֵûǵˡ
ȻľѾ˰ţɵģؼߣҲͰźˡ
ձɽľصɼǰ죬Ѿܽ˻ʢ٣Ҹؼͷˣȴû©κηΪľǵȴľǱߵһǿؼߣձɽ飬ͻֽƼңΣƱҪƼңǶ˸Ͼɱ
ɼ롣
佣ӳĽ磬ԽǼס佣˵˵סǵʱ಻СʱСʱ֮ڣӷûҪȥǣҲСʱ֮󣬽ľ򷢵һǸ˽磬˵佣˵ľǵһģȻ佣Ǽ֮ľĸ֣ӷɾ᧿Σˣ
ӷ磬ڸֵˣ
°ܽǴһٴΣҲһ
ӷ磬ɲҪ̫Ϊˣǰռ˱ˣΪǱͱӣΣڱͱӵģҡŻʢǱߣѾˣƼңһµЩˣҲ֮ȥǰɡ
û´Ļһǽձɽ˻ʢٰɣ
ڴȴѾ̫ˡʵ򣬵죬ʲôһ֣ӷˣ
ⳡ۷֮սľصļƻʩʱѾˣͲһ۷սһ֮ս
ľذôãò׵ȵ˽죬᲻һдۣҪӷ
ɳӷҲֽģǼôԼվŲǴɣ֣ģһҪΪʤЩһرľ֪ļƻжôľܣԶҪԼһ
Ѿӵ˳ĵ첻ôΣҲнˣҪľɱӷ硣
ڸʵһʲôֻԼ֪ܳӷҲ֪ȴ˵
Ϊ֮𣬴˿̣ȻǴͷġ
ӷ磬ҾҪ˫˫š
ڵϿվۼһһʼʩչĺڰԴԴڻʢٹʷͥѾùˣӷԾ
ȵ콫ĺڰԴʩչӷжˡ
֮𡣡
һھ޴Ļɽڵϳ֣һǿҵĻ棬гȥ
죬Ҳ̫С˰ɣͬȻҵǰΣģûĶ𣿡
ǼͲ֪˭˵ǸͲ֪ԼǸǿ˭ڳӷһ˵ľеˡ
ŭ˵ʲôҵĺڰԴһɱ㡣
ŶǾԿɡ
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ôܣ
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ӣѾǺڰԴİڣ֣ҳƽķԴûϵ
Ǹô죿
ô죬ѵõĻᣬҲΨһɱĻᣬǶ˰ҲҪϡҿԱ֤Ƕӷ磬Ҫ
ľػ䣬ҲԥˣԴʩչֻһĺɫӵϵѺһֻֻĺɫڳ֡
ɱȫɱ⡣
ӷƽԴľξȻˣ漴Դʩչ˳ǳӷϡ
СѣСȻġ
Щɫﲻڽӷ磬ͬʱҲڽ̣ľԼ
߱Ǳߺö˶ɫҧˣЩɫ˵壬Ȼ֮ڳ˳߱ӵһһĵڵϡ
ľأ㻹治һĺݣΪɱңԼҲ
СǾ޶ɷйһŻ㲻İɡ˵ˣɱ㣬ڳˣЩȫˣҲ⣬ҲĸףŮ
ĸףŶҵˣ˹Ǹġ
ӷ磬˵ʲô
˵ʲô֪ѽΪһŮˣʸȫǱģ֮ˣ첻ȫŮһӡ
ֱǺ˵˵ֻɱȥ٣


1212 һ˵ս4
Χ˳ӷΧеĺɫҲѾӵصʬϷأۼ˳ӷϷͬһźĺƣ˵ʹз
ڵĳӷѾڸɫŰΧӣľصԴı䣬ϴǰܣԵıȽĺڰԴȣ治֪ǳľصԴ˸ı䣬ľԼĸĶôӷ֪ҪľصԴɱƵԴѵĶࡣ
ٴ˿̷ĺڹ⣬Ȼ仯ΪһĺɫЩɫβڵص£뿪ص׵һ룬ȴʮ׸ߣÿһͷڲͣİڶţŴͣ¶֧ĺ

Ŀͻһڷ磬еĺڷȫӷ紵ȥΪӷ类Χ֮صǳСкɫͬʱڷ֮£ӷ޷ȫ㿪ڣЩڷǺܴ󣬳ӷ粢ûз
ЦľһҲ̫˵ɣЩڷԼССڷĴҲɱԼǼֱ̫ˡ
ӷ绹δЦȴ֣һڷ紵ڵʱǾȻȾһƬɫⱻȾɺɫĵϣһĲǺˮĲ漴ڲУðһɫݣ
ӷ类Χĵ棬ʼһҺ壬һɫҺ壬ͺīˮĴڣɫҺУðһ˶ĵ壬е壬ȫϷЩɫУɫյˡ
ӷΪԾԼȻΪһƬɫͬʱϷֻɫҲЩĵɶ٣Сǣں壬ֻΪһֻһֻ޴ĺɫ
룡
кɫΪһ֮ӣһֻƽﳣ룬ȫΪɫгڳӷϷɶš
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Ϸĺɫ룬˫ڹ⣬ڹͬ׹亣ƵģȫɫȥӷΪס޷ȥ㣬ֻܿ˫֣һĺڹȫȥ
ļһȻôһ֣
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ľؼѾӷסˣ˿̣ѵʱֻҪټһͿȫӷѹɫ֮ڣɫԼĺڰԴģӵֻҪӷ类ɫɵ˵Ʒľ磬㵽۷ľ磬Ҳ޷ģֻ·һ
ʵ򣬵죬ʲôͬʱӷѹȥ
ɲԥ̽ȫۼǺɫ֮ڣԥһ£һĵҲòľصĻȥڸʵҲΣڳӷ紦ƣľռƣֻϣӷ绹каɣȻ죬룬ǳӷ֮ء
˺еȫۼ˺ɫ֮ڣǿʹĺɫȫɢ۵ĺڹ⡣
佣˴󾪣û뵽Լ˽Ǹסˣɳӷ磬ȴľֵסˣǵ֣ѵһΣӷ׶༪
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ɫ֮ڵĳӷ磬˫ѾϣɫľصĺڰԴɵģһ˱룬ǾͺñȽһƬûûĿռƵģ޷ѡ
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ʵԳӷ磬ˣڳӷһų߹ȥʱʵ򲻵û㣬ǷſһУ乥
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ӷڵѪѪһα˳ľظ֮⣬Ȼ޷ȡľصӷҪõĵѪ͹ܲľء
ĴҪѪȴѾһ㣬ӷѾһ֣ѪС


1213 ˫ͬ1
ڵѪѾӷ˳ΪѪͲģԳӷҪѪֱ練֮¡
ľ֮ǰΪѪӷѾ߽ˣ֪ƲסѪɳӷĳҼ̳ˣӵųѪߣǿ׿ѪģѪѾ䵽˳ӷУһӷʲôľٶ罫ѪҲڣǳӷ͵ӵѪˣǸʱ򣬿¾ģ޷ջء
ĸףϿֹҪѪԼڣ
ľһ󺰣ҲѾ󣬵ȴѪȥӷѾˣ˳׵ľ롣
ҪӷɲɵľٶôܻȥӵѪҲֻǿѪɲܸһ϶쾳ǿ߿ģ
ӷһֳѪһָֻ֣˸ոյĳģɵĴЦһģһû뵽˺Ϳ顣֪ͲܿƵסҳѪҳҵѪŵڡǼϣٽҳѪɱҰɣܿϧ̣ˣǴ̣Ѫ黹ҳҡ
ӷЦ죬ĳӷ罫ĵѪõ֣ҲʮֵĳԾ
ʵ֮ǰӳѪʱѾµһ㣬ڣſԿ϶ԼĲ롣
ԭŮ˽ǳﶼƭˣһֱӵѪ
ŹùãʤѾվˡɣ֪ͨپǣҪˣҼл׼
̲˿ĵ飬һʱָԼƼҵپ˵ʲôطȥˣؼɽĽڽڰˣҪʱ򣬿ܾˣԣֻϣƼپǣûȫ˳ʢ١
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ӷԳģ˵ҳʼΪǿļԱҲֻӵһѪֻҪӵһԴԴϡģãһͬʱӵѪĻǻô
ӷ磬ʲô𣡡
ȷڵȷܷ񣬵ЩȫŮ洸ƵġŶڣǺǸӾްҹ
˵ʲôҸӾްҹǵжԹϵ
ˣеһУһѾµһ롣˵㵱걳ѳңӾްҹΪҪõʲô
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ں˵ʲôҵֻǱ
˵㵱ֻǱӾްҹƭǰɣƭĸǰɣģҪ˵ԼǸͬߵĻ˵ÿһ仰ҶţӾްҹƭ֮¡
ԣĵɫʱļΪ԰ףҲóӷ϶Լ뷨
ֻ̽һ³ģ᲻¶ʲôû뵽ô飬ϵı仯˵Ѿ֤˳ӷ뷨
ӾްҹȻǸˡ
汻ҸˣԭеһУȫһŮˣڱĹ
̾˿˵Ȼ㶼Ѿ֪ˣҲûʲôˡûҵȷĸԸǸŮ˺ģЩȴҵĸױƵġҳĵʱʸ̳г֮ˣȴΪŮ֮ʧȥԭеʸҲģһҪԼʵõԭҵһС
Ϊһ̳˵λӣ㱳ҳңҳĵ˺ģ㣬ͲΪҳҵļ̳ˣӲΪҳ
˵ϻȻ㶼Ѿ֪ڣôɣ
ôȻڽӾްҹгҪҽƳ
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ȷڵңȷʸ񣬵ȴ㹻ʸ֪ӾްҹҪʲô
˵ҪʲôҪģңҳҵĲ֮ءӾްҹҪģֻһݸˡ
ҵĲ֮أһݸ飬ⶼʲôʲôѽ
ӷ磬ΪӾްҹеô޳ܣǰռթĻǾʹشˡټĻ֮ڣ˵ʸ̸ģ
ЦӾްҹҲ̸飬Ц
ĲмΪԼܴѾ֪ʲôһҿĸ㣬ʲô֪ûҺģȷһŮˣҲǻ֮ڣΪǿ֮ˣ߸˴ͳŮ֮ǸӾްҹ
ⶼʲôʲôѽһǺӾްҹһֲǺӾްҹӷ绹еͿˡһԿ϶ģ֪еһУҪôŻȫ˵ء
ҲܺӾްҹŮҪģɱˡ

ӷӰһľس˹ȥҪɱĵһˣľء
һ䣬Ӱһľǰһӣǿӷˡ
ģȻҪǾڱҡҵĺ㽫󲻵
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ӷ磬ɵ¡ѪںΪһ壬һͬѪǾӮҲѪɣȫʬ
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ȻȻǲԼѪӷռݣڱҪֹӷ硣
Цѵڳӷ𣺡ҪѪܲס
ӷ͹ܲôˣҪӮͱҪۣԼҪۣӮĴۡ
ӷ磬ѪͬΪһ壬Ǹɱûʲô𣡡
ӷʲôˣϷѪѾ˳ӷͷӳӷǣĽ˳ӷڡ
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ĶǿҵѪ۾ӷϵƤҲһѺۣͷ·һǿޱȵҪӳӷڱƵģ֮ǰĵһը
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ҳھڤ翪ʼһͬѪ죬ҳӷ磬Ҫ˭˵һ岻ͬѪģ˭˵ͬѪɱģҳӷ磬ƫƫͲа˭ҪҵܣҳҵѪڡȼհɣȼհɣһ£Ѫȼյܲܽҵվ


1214 ˫ͬ2
ƴţǼȫ۾һĽӷǽӷڣƴţǻΪľأǸոյǸŮģһӷڣͻΣա
Ҳܳӷ֮ǰôɱ죬ôľصˣΪֵܵĻƴţǼȫһɾҪȥȳӷ磬УǼŮˣҲͲסˣԼѾɱһѪ·Ҫ˵ĻǽһˣҪĻѵһ
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һ绰Էաιһȳ˵ֳһΪɭֲֿЦѾ


1215 ʿ
뱻һƬɭϢţһŵĺ֪ʲôطðʹڳÿһˣѾΧˣڵϵЩʬ壬ʱ˫ȫɢ⣬һʬȫӵվȴһҡһεģվȵӣȫ·ʲôطõһȴǣһţûʶû˼άûûһ˵һУеģֻ޵ɱ¾
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⻹۷֮ս𣿻ǳĸŮ派İɱӷһս𣿾ԲǣڳⷽǷҪƵģڵĹͬĿ꣬ЩľӦ˵ǡ
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ǧҪǰȥȴֹסˣȥ˭ȥ˭
תͷֶԳʵӷΪںѪŻģ첻ѻ˵Ҹұ֤һСʱ
˵ⲻѽ˫˫ͬ壬˾ǽеȫӳϵȼֱľһ̣ܻᷢѽӷ壬ôᷢ䣿
㣬ʲôش𣡡
˫۲ͣڳӷϴţڵĳӷͺʲô֪Ƶģֻһ뷨ֻһ˼άǾǣɱɱɱϵɱһУȫɱ⣡
ͬʱȫÿһ϶ɢǿϢرЩسһֻֻ֣ӷĹ˳·ȫʬ˹ƵģϢϵ쿪ʱ䣬ȫա
ׯ԰
Զɽ̧ͷʣһֲ֮У˫ɣ۾Ҳ¶˾֮ɫ
ô׷ʲô£
Զɽδй˵ľţǵһΡ
ˡ
үӣҪʲôµˣǲǺǱߡ
ûӵ˵֪ۣͨӷʲô¡
ǣϵ¡
йϣԽųۣҪһЩû˵仰ɫ䣬ΨһһΣԽƿ㽫ԽƵڵء
һĻԼˣȫ۾۽ǲǳԴҩģȻԽλ̣ѽ
ۣ쵰ңңҪ飡
ұ졣
һŭԼˣүӣϷڣȫһ
ӢҪʷʲô£ֲȥʣųڵı飬ɱ˵ģ
Խҧأɲܳ۽췢ʲô񾭣Ҫ֣͵һתʵǲӷʲô£
۵ֻڴ˿̸պ𣬽һ绰۽ǵ˵ͷ߹ҵ绰ͬʱһֺǳԾҲǲ˼˵ǡʿ
ɼ롣
Ŀڵĳӷ磬ڲϵķ仯ͻȻ䣬ķ·뵽ʲôƵģ˵ԭһֱҪģӷȻʿĻ
ʵ˵ʲôʲôʿʲô
Щ˵㣬ڵĺҲû֪ʿޱеɱ֣Ҳ˵һĲʿ֮أǴݲΪһƬ޼֪ľڤԼ𣿡
˵ը𣡡
ըֻǳȱһ԰ˡ
ѵ
ûľڤ磬ʵǱʿģһʿڤ磬֪ʿĿ£һôĵزһֱҶ֪ҺҪĵʲôˣԭҪģͲҳҵĲ֮أҲǳưԻҪʿ


1216 MT
ԼĶ䣬ѵԼ𣬳ΪڤΪһըٵģڣȻ˵ڤ磬ҵϼңǱٵģңһ˵ǲ̫˵㣬̫˼˰ɣ
ʿһԼδĳƺţֽһôĴڣ˵ʿԻڤĻԳӷΪ˵ҲܴﵽǵȾѽһʥ綼δˣôӵлڤ
㲻Ҫ˵˵ӷ˵ʲôʿҲӵô
ȷڵĳӷ磬ȷûôɼȻʿĻǾһǵǰҸӾްҹұΪĿǸһģŷ֣ԭҪģҪģͲͬˣҪģǶҪģˡ
˶٣˵֪ʿµʲôҸ㣬ڵʿͲԸңκεвȴһ˶ûеص㡣
ʲôص㣿
˿̣֣Ȼ̧ͷŮ洵Ĵ£ɱˣ
Ŀʱ򡣡
ڲǷֵҵʱԳӷڵӦú㣬ˣͬɱֵģΪڵĳӷ磬ʲô˶ʶˣһԭ˼άûˡ
Ҳ˵ҪϣһƷӷ磿
ѡ񲻸֣ˣȫҪͬʱ磬ܿҲΪӷɱ¾ˣȫҪӷѾΪʿȻҲ֪Ϊʲôһʿ֣϶쾳۷ǿߣҲֹģ򣬵ľڤ磬Ͳᱻ𡣡
һǲ̫ףûǵô
ܿͻ֪ˡ
ķͬʱŮҲѾ˰֮С
ģ⵽׷ʲô£Ϊ磬ţ
һָ·˵бҪ֪ѵûнĿĸ㣿
Ů洷۳·ȥǰ˰õĳӷ磬ΧЩľ˵ľȻģʿ
ϻôܻ¸㿪ЦΪõʿãݣʸΪ϶쾳ǿ𡣡
ڸô
ʲôùܣӷ磬ҪȻκãһʱһʱɣϣ⣬ֻһˣƷӷˡ
ŮҲ·Ѿĳӷ硣
ʱΪһ壬һ޴Ľ֣·ĳӷѹȥ
ˣ
¡¡
޴Ӱѹӷ磬ӷȴԭأһҲͣķɭЦ
硭ˣ
ǾȲӷ磬ô졣
ԯ໥һۣȻ֣ӷչ˽
ʦʲô
ˣڲɱӷ磬Ҫˣжҷϻٳ
Уôӷ綯֡
ǲ֣ģˡڵĳӷ˭ʶˣڳ嵽Ǳȥһɱǡ
˵֡
Źùá
˵Ķԣ֣ɱӷ磬Ǿ
Ҳе˳ο£еǿˡ
ӷ类ǿҲ˵ţһҲһƾǿͣĳ
֮·һռ䣬û˿йȫ˳ӷϡ
еľǿݻˣǧֹҲ˵ϣӷվ֮һ޴Ŀӣڣȴվһ˰õĳӷ硣

ɭԽԽԽԽ󣬴ĺš
ⲻܣ
Ůɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬ղôǿӷ磬һȻ˿
˰ɣʿص㡣
ص㣬Ĺºʲôص㣬ԣǡ
˫ķǳ˵MT
ƴţMT̹ˣŹùѽڲϷѽ
⣬ʿص㣬ʥ綼ȴһղ֮Ƕ޷
֪Ϊʲô˵һʿͿԻڤˣԭνʿǸMTƾ壬Ҳ԰ӻˣ
ɾӷʿĻŲ֮ôʧȥԣʲô֪ˣʲô˶ʶˣǺ𣿾ԲǼ¡
ĸŮѾ£ߡ
˵ڸ֪ʿжô˰ɣղŵ¾㸸׳Զɽ޷ֵģӷĹ£Ȼһ¶ûУһɱ¾һ𣬿£ңᱻˡ
ôٴθ֣𣿡
ȻûõģȻҸͲںӷչɱ¾ϾֻŲ֮ҲҷֺҲ뿴ұɣ͸ľڤһ
ʲô˼˵ڤģӷ磿
ʿаγɵģаɷԹŭ޵ȵȣ̶Ϊһˣÿһʱ䣬ͻγһҲһضĻ֮»ΪʿԳӷ˵ΪںҵѪڰԪؽΪһ壬ŻữʿġҪָܼ򵥣ҲѣֻҪҵѪˣҪʿڳѪνǱͨ˵컹ѡ
Ҳ˵ֻһˣܰ쵽ˡ
Ȼ֪
֪ͨˣô飬ҴӦѾڸ·ˡ
ԱʵŹùãʲô˼ѽòҪðԸӷɣ
֮⣬Ŀǰ˿ԴʿڣҵѪӷʿĻͣչɱ¾Ļǵеɱ֮󣬾ͻתɱȥûȴɱ֮£ܶ˭һкôڳңҲһ޴вԣڲܸĴۣҪþһзҵѪӣΣҪˡ
Ҵû֮ǰȾһסӷ硣
ţҲ뷨Ů洣Ϸӡӷ硣
ã϶֡

ӷһЦ¡¡ϳֵѺԽԽּ࣬һӵ˳Щʬ壬һ
Щһɵµ֮γɵģҲʿһԾۼһе֮սʿΪá
˵Щսʿǣӷ磬Ƿӡ
ãҷͷ£ôóӷˣ


1217 Ӷս1
˰õĳӷӿڻ𣬲ͣЦںڲϵѭţȴûһ˺ķΧΪӷ罫Ƶĺãڵĳӷʲô֪ˣʲô˶ʶˣôȥǳѾ佣ǼԽ磬һǲߵĶȥǲóӷ뿪
ȻгҵĽ磬˭֪ڵĳӷ˵ֻҪ뿪һ磬͵סڣӷֻΪɱ¾棬Ȼǰô˿ɱ֮ǰӷǲ뿪ġ
ʮɵµ֮γɵսʿȫۼ˳ӷΧ漴Щսʿǵõ㣬һĳΧȥ˭ʱһ
ϣܶսʿ嵹ڵأЩսʿڴʱûκεʽԣǾһ˫ָһ˫ţںҵҴ򣬿ÿһȭǳǿ󣬹ƾ۷徳磬һֵס
ЩҲ̫˰ɣڸôǬһսʿĽһ㻹Žô
ֱӳ嵽ӷǱȥӷƷⲻ̫ܣ˵Ƿĳӷ磬ƽĳӷ磬ڳŮ洸⣬ҪһһͲʤ˳ӷ磬ΪڳӷԭΪ֮ϣҲʤ˵ģ㲻Ҫʲô֤Ϊһֱӷ綼֤һ漣ķ
ˣȫˣͷ󡣡
˻ƴţǵǰÿһˣǳӷֵܽãŮˣӷֽǸɱˣǵȳӷָһ޷ԭԼġ
Լߵκһ˳££ǾʹţʲôҪ
ĸŮȻȥںǱ֣߳˵һ˾Ͷһ˭ܱ֤ӷ粻ͻȻͻָǸʱԼЩ£ͶҪ֮ˡ
Ů洣֣ӷӡס
ȫڰԪأγһ޴ĺ
ͬʱŮҲǿҵĺڹ⣬Ů˵Ϊһ϶۷徳磬һڵľ磬ֵҲǾţġ
޴ĺڹʱӷסˣڹ֮ڣһĺɫ⣬ͣĳӷ羳磬ҽеսʿȫ˺ڹ֮ڡ
ĺɫڳӷϣıըɳӷȴһʹûУϵ·ȻȫˣϵƤڣκεơ
ʿȻǸMTȥӷƣǵҪľˣ
϶ľ磬Ҳľ֮ʱʿ˵ûҲǴġ
˵ֻܵˣ˳֮⣬û˿ԶԸʿ
ǶԸˣǴЩǿ˵һԶĵˣԽԼĵҪµĶࡣ
ڹڵĳӷһЦЦ̵˵ĶĴʹ
Ц󣬳ӷ粢ûǿͻڹ⣬ԳӷΪǽò񷶦ԪǲͻƳĸŮķӡġ
ӷһһٶȷǳںɫĳ£ߵ˺ڹ֮ǰһֻ̧֣𣬳ȭ
òȭǵķӡɣ
ܡʿûĴڣûӣ飬ЩɵϲŻġ
ˣһ±ɵϣ治֪ʿǿ
ȻӷֻȭͷһȭһȭĴ˺ڹ֮ϣûиĸŮķӡκε˺
ڳĸŮ˿ʱͻȻڹ֮Уһ⣬Щ鲼ڹȫܿģγһߡ
ʲô£
ãߣ
ʲôߣ
ûʿǴMT֮⣬ͬʱҲߵɢߣһȫ棬Ϊǿߣһɢܽߡ߲ܴȾͬʱо޴ƻӷھǽʿ߸ɢ˿һǵķӡ类ƣ߾ͻɾ޴в
ô£ɢߵġ
ʿһΪ֮á䲻ΪǿģΪµģ

ãӡѾƿˣʵȻķӡ綼׵Ƴ
ټһɢ

顣
ڹѾߵĹϵѺۣ漴һըڹʱʧ
ͬʱӷµΧԼһ׵ƽڣһѪɫԲȦԲȦڳһѪɫĻЩȫǿήġ
ʲô
ʿˣܣ
Ļ˵ڣͲκļӦһɾ޴ǼȫӷǱ߸˹ȥ
³ֵѪɫԲȦԽһӵȥһǱ˹ȥɾ;ûĿܡڵѪɫԲȦһ֣ˣͬ³
ˣҲĸŮڣͬ³
еߣȫǸȦڣ˭룬ɣ
ĸŮҲֻܿţǼȦںÿһ壬ڿʼãһƤⶼûˣֻʣһͷ
鲢ûоƤûˣͷҲڽıڻʬ޴ѽ
ҽڼʶʲôɱ¾Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʵɵ۵Ŀڵĳӷ磬һѾǳӷˣ˵ڸ˶㣡
ɱɱͳͳɱ⡣
ӷǰ˰õ˫ֻۣ۾ΪѪɫǱߵྩΪɫȫѾ˳ߡ
ãӷҪˣˣܣܳ룬Χת
⻹ûӦ;ԼͲԼĿˣһǵĶӳӷзֱ̣ҽ̸ӷǱȥ
˵ʿĵֻҪӵһߣͬʱ֮˻ڶʱʧȥе֮У
֮ǰǸȦԽΧеұ߸Ⱦ¾Եס֮ˣڶʱʧȥеСҲʿû⼸֣Ѿ޵еĴˡ
ڣʿ㹻ڤˣӣٲ֣ģˡ
ӷ磬ˣѽѴ󺰵ӷڸʲô֪
ɱɱɱ
ӷе̵ĲӸҲѾ˻УѹʱԼҪͷˣ
ӷ磬ѽǣǡɣġѽ
ɱɱɱ
ڳ׼ˣ󺰵磬Ҫɱϱˣ㻹
飬飬顭
¡¡
һ׵γɵı꣬
ĸŮͬʱ̧ͷͼ׵֮УһңԶʣֱ
ʨۣ


1218 Ӷս2
˫ȫǼٶˣ˶ںܶ˵ֻڴ˵֮УʵУͲһ˴ڣĴ£νǱȱȽǣڳеۼʶֻŹÿ˵¼£һֵĽʣݡҲһֵˣǸͲţһǿˡ
ۣˣǴ˵еĿʨۣ
ûǵĶʮǰҼһΣÿγ֣ѪɺӡǳӷĶӣ丸ѽ
ôӷҪɱԼţΪ׵ĳܹǶԸӣǾȶϱѽ
ôأɱɱ˳ӷãɱˣǳ۵һӢҲڽա
Щڶ뿴۸ӷȫȥ룬۲ֵĻˣܻĹˣû뿪룬۷սǵ֮ء
ĸŮ̳ȥڵ飬ǹܲˣҲȥܣǵ뷨ǸһģӷʿĻܶ˳۷ֺۻԳӷôĸŮ洶ĿԴ
ߣ˵磬Ÿˡ
ۿЦһ˵ôȣûСѾȥ˵ĻСӶҪɱ
һˤʲôǿʨ˵ĻҲ̫˰ɣ
ܹ˵ٲ֣ɿᱻӷɱġ
ģ˵ģҲǸ˶ѡ
һĵӣ˫ۿ˳ģ˵ǵĵʱҸ˵Ļ𣿡
ȳĻشȻ䣬һ⣬ӳɢ漴۴һָһֱӳĵؿڡ
Ů洱˺óһξ룬ȴվԭûжؿȴʹ
ۡ
ѪӳĵĿ˳һĻľظȫɵۣʵҶһ£ˣģֻľˣ֪ĵ֮ǿģΪΨһһԸۿ֮ˣû뵽죬۽ǴһָľѪˣҲ˵ҪɱĵĻĸûл·
ԶҸģ֮ǰ̬ڵ̬ľˣӣۣ޵еĴѽûܵеĹֻҪгڣǳңˣ
ۣ㡭
ĽǱߵѪշȥҪ˵첻ɱ㣬Ϊ㻹ûʸɱ㡣
һ˫ŭ۾Ŀųۣɱ˵Ļ۶֪ٴˡ
ˣȲϻҶϱ˵

ڳۻͬʱѾӳӷ֮ʧˣڳߣͻȻһŮˣ̡
ȥƲᡣ
̣ȫܵߡ
֣ӷô죿ʵ
İɣֻһѡ
ӷһһڵ۾е˵ʲôطȥˣ
ɱɱɱ
ӷ˫־ٹͷ¡һһ𶯣һĺӵϵѺðٴγսʿ
ɱɱɱ
ϵġɱӳڣսʿȫӿȥ
ӷ粻æһӣûκεı仯Ҳûκ֣ڳӷڣȴһ׹⡣
񽣣۸˹ڳ֮ʱ۽ԵǰһӣǿĽ磬˵еʯͷеʯͷȫΪʯңЩʯҷ·Ҳӵ޾ƵģеսʿΧȻЩսʿȫɵˡ
ÿµţѽƴţ˲Լ۾̫ǰһĻˣղԼЩЩսʿɵ൱۵ģɳȴ˵׾پͽȸղŶ༸սʿˡ
ҲҪý𣿡
ɡ
ǬҸλⳡϷǳӷֵܣ۳֣Ҳӷˣ
˿̵ĳӷѾһ˹ûгҲûбκεƽǰߣȴ޾ɱ⡣
ɱɱɱ
ӷֻͻȻһӵĻ㣬ѹ˹ȥ
е̽ӷָֻסˣңۻֱӽɿڵ񽣶סӷֻ޴ʱҲӷһһһģӷ˹ȥ
˵ʿΪаĴˣû뵽ҵĶӣȻʿĻ⻹ǳѽ
̾˿Ѿվ˳ӷǰ
Ѿĳӷ罫ջأ˫ֺ۵ؿڲ˹ȥ
۾Ȼ˳ӷһһڳûκε˺
ĳӷһûǰ֮ɱڵɢ
ߣӷҪɢˣ
ĴˣǰԸӵĴս
ۼȻ֪ʿĿ£Ϊʲô㿪ʿߣκǿߣ˵ģǡ
Ŀųӷ罫߹۵ڣ۵ȴðһ̡
⣬ⲻܣۣȻʿ߶ˣ
ӷûãһ£˫һˡ
˫˫ţЩսʿһûκεսʿҴһͨÿһȭÿһţг۵Ҫ
ѽ
ӷ˫ȭͷͷȭͷ˳۵̫Ѩȭͷ˳ұߵ̫ѨԭأһҲγӷ粻ͣĹԼ
ԼСʱңӷСʱһҲûֹͣٶԽԽ죬ҲԵ
ӣʿǿսģս᲻᳤ãû˻֪
ĸŮ洶ۻˣ˵ʵ֣򣬹Ѿˣɳۿȥһʹ඼ûУ͸ûµƵģԸӣ治һı̬ѽڵ˭ʿ
Ů洷ɵʵ
ӷǸMTŮ洳ˣղôǿ޷Գӷ˺ڣۣȻҲ
Ķȥ۾ˣе˼顣
⣬ôܣôʿ
ʲô˵Ҳʿ
ǣʿǣֱ˵˵ʿѽѵ
˿ĳӷ磬˵Сӣܲһ㣬ȥ㲻֮Ҳƣġ
ӷͲĽ۵Ļ˵ʲô֪Ҳ֪ԼˣԼס
ɱɱɱ
һĺɱһĽ۴˸ʣʵеˡ
Ϸ档ھҼʶһ£ʿôġ
⻰óȫһ
磬ѵҲ𣿡
֣ʲô˺ӷ硣
ѽ
ģСˡ
һֻư˳ӷñߵļϣȻһӷһѣӷ忪ʼޣէһԹԣ۾Ȼһѹӷ壬ѹȥˣͷˡ
Сӣûװҳ
۵һ̤أ¡һϵ𶯱֮ǰҺüѹµĳӷ㣬ӵ³˳
ӷ类һŸڷʱӷļϣһһ˫ˡ
һ˫óʮ־޴ڲͣİڶš
˵֮
ӷڶ˫óҲǳ˵֮ڣһڹɢһѾͳ˳ӷУѾͳΪɫȴûе棬ѵȫγɡ
֮У£ʿļرȫʩչˣӣֹۣˡǡ
Ůʵʲô
ǳǡ
ৡ
۵ĵ񽣵ɶУɫľͳȻɢǿҵ⡣ң񽣴˿ڳ֮ʱȻҲ˱仯ΪһѴ̵ĳ֮Ҳûа׹ˣȫΪ⡣
ľȻҲһʿ˵еʥʿ
һʿһʥʿжʿŮʵ
һ϶ңԶĴ˵ʿ֣һʥʿڶǻƽʿʿ˵еʥʿƽʿƬãػߣʿƬеƻߡ
Щ㶼Ǵģ
ҳȴӾڤһ伮صġ뿪ʱͽǱ伮ˣԳû˻֪ˣӾͲ֪ˣΪ伮ǵʱڤ֮ǳҵġ
ԭǸӶˣһʥʿһʿǾͷˣ
մ˵ȷͷʱʥʿƽʿһĻʿҲܻٵ˾ڤˣҳңҲܻᵽӲΪжԹϵңҲʶҲףΪʲôۿԳԽ϶쾳ˣԭʿ֮ףҳҵǸ˵ͻ϶쾳Ĵ˵ԭǸʿйصģ
ҲףԼٸߣ걻ҹΪһţҲͻ϶쾳ģҪͻ϶쾳磬ǾҪȳΪʿʥʿǻƽʿʿԣԼȴԶܣ
̾ͬʱһ˵ѵӷ磬Ҳͻ϶쾳𣿡


1219 ֮⣬Ʒӷ
һץס˳ӷ磬ڿնգۼ˰֮УͲκһ˷Ӧӷͬһ׹ʯ㣬ӰСһȥֱȥģȥġ
顭
ײ·һ¥õƵģʹⱾѺĵϣһ޴Ĵӡ
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ʿռܣȥһеҽɵȫת뵽ʿڡҲ˵ܶԷжôǿ󣬲ΧжˣҲÿһ˵һôľ磬ͨˣٶе㾫ģЩҲɵתΪΪʿáֻ֮ҪӵʿһûУ޵еĴڣּܣԳ֮Ϊ޵С
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СӣԽ˵ɣΪãתΪʿʵǿѽʥʿƽʿ֮󣬵ܻʥʿƽʿҪ߳࣡
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Ȼ֪ʿĿ£ǻ˵ֻʥʿҪʿֻܴڣܴڴġѪ鲻ˣԼµ򣬾Լȥʰɡˣ

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ĲһЦ˵ԭ㲻û취ֻҪҵľĵ伮
ô˵ǲɡҲûϵǱ伮Ҹ˶һôûУ㲻ĻϽҳҵˣҶӵȫߣǸʱ㣬һ
ĽҧأΧѾ˵ϣӷ磬ڲϵǵתԼڣԼŮ洣Ҳо߳ԼӿˣҪߣ̫ܣӷҲԼߵģһԼӷ߸ˣǾӷ籾Ϊʥ綼ûԼŮ洵ҲԼŮأ
Ů˵һ伮ѣˡڵĳӷ磬̫ΣգһǵɣǾΣˡ˵ˣҪҲǲܣֻҪǵļƻе˳㣬ܿ죬۾ͽʧңȻ˵ֻȻа취Ʒʿʿӡڳӷڣʿٴγ֣Ϊʿǳ˵ͬǸ޴в
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áƴţǼţϱӷ磬ߡ


1220 ޲
ׯ԰˴ųӷ磬˴˵أɳӷǱӣûлָг۽Ʒסˣ治֪ӷʲôӡ
ڵƷҲֻǶݵ飬˭Ҳܱ֤ӷʲôʱѹĵѪѾӡĹϵӷ뵽ʱѾӷ籾ѪΪһ壬ǲܳˡ
ѪͬΪһ壬ڳӷ˵ôѪϣȻǰҪһҲΪˣӷı죬ͺˡ
ǺǻǸǻû֪Ҳû˿Ա֤ʲôǳۣҲ޷ȥ֤ʲô
ⳡ۷֮սʿɫʿĴ˵˵ǻ֮ڣ棬֮٣֪֮ҲǴӾĵ伮ϿģǱĵ伮ʲôѧû֪ˡ
ھĵ伮ϣʿĴ˵ػߣʥʿƽʿƻʿҲڵĳӷ磬ң˵Ǹˣһʥʿͬʱֳһʿ
ʵ֪ºﶼ룬һеһУΪʲôᷢΪʲôᷢԼңѵԼΪʥʿͬʱҲעʿĳĻʿԼңһƽʿֻ᲻ֽ֣ʲôأ
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ӦÿԿһЩҲܿȫϣɡ
۽ĵ伮һͬٿȫСǣǺܺ񣬴򿪺һҳѣһҳϣź⣬ڣƮķġ
Ǿڤ֮죬˾̾
Զɽһڵ伮ͻأ伮ɢĺԽӵǿҡ
Һĵ伮չʿݡ


1221 ӡ
ĵ伮Ư鷿İУ
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Ȼ˾ǺǱߣôӦ
ʱҸȥðӷɣǱҲû˼ӷ硣ǸʥʹߣΪԻ٣ӷָС棬ʱڣҲǻزȥġˣʱ䲻˷ѣھȥӷСڵӡ
磬Ů洸ڴ֮ڣŮʵӾްҹʲôϵ
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ӡǿԴ֮ԴĹؼ֮һ򱻷ӡˣǸһʲô𣡡
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ȷӷɷˣ
ȻҵĻȥˣҲȥˡ
Ӿްҹ
㲻Ҫ֪ûʸ֪


1222 Ľɽ
ӷ绺۾ʱĲǵһˣˣȫԼǰԼ˫ۣȴǳģ֪Լδ
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磬֪ʱӦӷȽȫɱ⡣
ڲ˵ЩʱҪ̸ϾϹҸŵһȥֻŵȲס磬ӷͽˡ
ȥɣǻչ˺ӷġ
˶٣ѽһԣ˵Ȼӷڳ£ĽɽǱҪסΪţǸǿӷ磬һġ
ѽһҪ漣ĳ֣ǿӷ磬һģ֮ǰĽɽһסġ


1223 Ǯš
գۼ䣬ӷعѾʮˣʮӷһûţûţԷСø͵ſڣȴŶõģÿһʱ򷹲˻ǲģ֮ҲǳһٰˣԼңȹϵϣԽ죬ʮڽϺתһȫڰ칫һ£ļļ̸ϻؼˣ
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Ϸ˫ۺᣬʹѽԼսûԵʱҪܣ
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ţͱڻϼˣڽӷȥЩ£ⲻû𡣡
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û˷ӷ磬ӷҪ˼ᣬһڰڣĵ顣
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ʱ׷ʲô£ΪʲôҪҵӡУһ֪߼ǲ£򣬰ֲģ
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ӷɫķǳѿջأվԭأһҲûж˫ֻǿԼ˫ǳ
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ӷԽ벻ͨ飬Խȥ룬ڣֲòȥ롣
ԼؿڣʹȴǿտҲ
ȷڵĳӷ磬ȷһû˵ͨˣͨˣղŵôʩչģ
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λᣬѾпˡ
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ʲôزأ˵Ļǹءҿɾ㣬ǽҪӴһλǿƽϲȾƣķζҲŲܵСطӴλء
ϰΣԼҪ⣬ЩģԼﲻֻ߽ᣬԳӷ˵λС磬㿴ҲͦΪѵģܲܡ
ϰ˵꣬ӷӿڴóһƱһңϣ˵ҳԷʱϲ˴šǹ
ſһ̳˽
ѽǮѽӽǳʶˡ
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ҪҪһ˸һٹ
ŵСӣҲʲôطǿӽ£ֵָҫġʶģϹͻСķϣǲƽϡ


1224 ս
ڼĳӷΪ̫үҲûֳϣǮ飬ɼӷжô⣡
Ŀƶʮˣ˵֤ǲһ꣬ӦѾʼһľģֱݵͣҲ˵ģǹδĶ֮ѽŬĻ˵ʮ֮󣬻ܻϸ
ǣĽΪȴóӷоѡӰ˵ʱ۹⻹ûзŵ̫ԶѽҲǵĹô٣ǵ˽ϣ⡣
ѹգţΪѹհɣϵĲǳӷĻ类Ǹϳȥˣ
ȻĿӷֲֻ֪ߵغĸΪֻҪǮʲô鶼Խʲô˶ȱ֪ԼЩ˵Ϊģָ
ûӷȷǸӵܣһĸУɵйļ壬ӷѾǶôˣӷǰҲûһβǶԷùѽһ룬Լڵ˵ȷʺϸκ˷ìܣԼϵ⣬ҪڵķӡǸõģãѵԼͲܽӡֻҪܽڵķӡƣĳ˵ӷѾԽ˸һˣ
ЩǮ͵ǵİɡ
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վסǮ˲𣬰ĳǮߣǲҪ
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໥һۣеãСӣȻ֪Լս˭ôֻʲôݣ
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ʲô̫Ӳ̫ӵģҳӷͺˡ
ӷ磬֣ɱ̫ƺţĶѽԼһΨһжͬʱҲǳҵļ̳ˣȫĹӸ硣ǰʱ䣬ȫе־ڱλ飬ȴûһʵƬųģԵĺء֮⣬ھʲôְλ̨֮սǹߣŵĴʼˣֵµÿһˣǶһķ˵йĵһڰкܲѰĹϵ
ھӣӢۣ̳ǼۣںڵϣۡͬΪһһˣ
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ӷЦһû뵽Щ£Щͨľ˶֪ˡ
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ܣǼƽϣǾƢ˻ͦģǰʱǺչңҲǹ׳ı
ŶǹִģѹˣһƢ
ǻȻȥһ˰ɣүүǶڵء
ȲŻȥȻѾؾˣսѣӦҲѾڱɡȥһʱ䣬ڹڵ鶼֪Ǹҽ龩ǶʲôȤ飿


1225 ͳ¡
˼ײͣĳͷʹɫȻջصǣϾʱҲ˵˾ߵ飬ͷڱھǵ飬Ȼ
˼׵˼ͷЦʵҲûʲô£͸ƽһ̫ӣҲ֪ЩģǲҲûʲôʱ䵽ȥת
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ŮҲ˼׵սѣͬǴϾģΪеϵҲһλСɡ
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Ŷ˼ʵҽܵġʵĸ׸Խ̽ͬѧġ
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øҶͬѧѽҲԼˡ
𣬶Լˣô˼أ
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ͷһڲ˳չȻǻգʲô£ϱС
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ֵͷ˼ЦЦ
˼˵㣬ͱ𷸻ˣұܿˣδޣǸĽɫ
֪ѽ˵ˡƼҴС𣬴Сںڵ峤ġҾãǸƴСڵ壬̫ӳθ¼壬Ͳʵġ
̣ѽӷʮ֪ʲôֻƴţ˵ϾȥˣǶǱ߳ʲô⡣ӷ粢ģŵȸһ˲ˣ
ÿһŮˣԼĻɴɴĵӣһ룬һ룬ǴɴŮˣԼȥġ

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ǶԷʲôˣ֪𣿡
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ȥǻص£ҲǱⲻ˵ġǳģڴţڶţҹҲ˶á
ΪʲôѽǸ趼ǾǷˣƴţӦÿԴġ
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ȥҲûѽ塭
û̫⡣˵ˣԸˣǲġ
ֵ˵磬Ҵȥɡ
֪ʲôط
֪Ǳ̸С
ӷ˵ͷʵãϹ̫ӵ
˵𣿡
ҳӷӲЦ
̫ӵҪ֪̫ӵǹԪ׵Ǿۼһ֯ΪĲǽκεֻЩԪ׵໥֮ùϵһ̫ӵǾǰ;ˣԼû£һĹӣСǰ涥ţʲô·ǰ涼κε谭˵ˣֵļͥãҲԽ̫ӵѽڳӷһ仰ֵ̫ӵֵ͵Ǹ˼ףлͬˣ
̫ӵĳԱ̫ӵĳԱôѽߵʲôطֻҪó˭ҲʣйԹһִͳ¡ѽ
ֵҲųӷ־߳ᣬ˼Ǽˡ
˼˵ͷԼʱɡ
˵꣬˼Ҳ˳ȥ֪ͨӢۣӷҪȥ⼸ھǸǸ̸С


1226 ̸
ǾǼΪĵطϻСһ֣ﲢûЩߵεľưɸKTVżһңҲǼΪ˵ģ˵ʽѡ
ƴţǼԼ裬һKTV̸У֮ѡΪﲻ̫ۣǶҲᱻļԱϾǸľһģ˭Ҳܱ֤ǵĵһˣľҲˣԻƴţǼͲ˼ҵĶ֣Ϊ⣬ǻƴţ̸еġ
һʽKTVڣҲһڣΪ˶һǻƴţǼѸϷ壬Ҳˡһߣ裬СмǷĹӸ硣
ЩļһȻҰ˸ԣǲǻĲͷˣ
һʼƴţָǱߵļӸ⼸ӸȻڻƴţǵƨ㣬ǵļ壬ҲСĿƴţǿ˳ۣƽԼǰһȻҰ֮ļһԼԣǳԱ˳ţҳ顣
ţүⲻܹѽǲ֪λ٣һʼ͸˺öôһ
û˵꣬Ӹʲô֮Ƶģ˵ˡ
ǼŮ˱ȽϸģһһץסǵʲôѱƵЩһʲôÿһ˵ļ壬˼֮ǼС壬ѾΪ߹
ƴţֻŻ˵Ļǰ̫߹ˡ
СʱǸһȥģһֱûвľһϵ֮ڣҲ費Сʲô⡣
֮ľǺüڳӷ³˴ƲԣΪԱ̸СйֱӾʹ˾ǣ׼ڳӷ֮ǰԼǰھչ
û뵽ʮǰľشϢ˵ӷȻˣϢ˵ɱȵõҪˣӷһˣôԼһ꣬ӷ֮ĳ𣬾Ϳ׵ñˣֻҪƴţǸ򷢵ǳӷĩա
ӣѾûʸ˵ľظӹ
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ô˵Ƿ죬ƴţͶ죬ͬǶ
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裬Ѿٸһסżɽ˵˰ɣ㵽ô
ܼ򵥣ǣǰѵ£ڣҪҵѶ
Цǣκ˵¡ѴЦ裬̫˼ˡ
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Ů˵ĳֱ֣վƴţǼҲû뵽Ȼˡ
飬ʲôʱؾģʵ
ȻĽ飬ҲǷ쵱ΪĽ飬ʱķŻӷ糹׿սģҲΪĽ飬˫ţŻᱻӷϵġ
ɣɽȴȫǣԼŮһγԼǰʱ̲סȣ˵飡
ƴţҲеѾʲô
ĽҲ֣ǰˣԼûѽôʶԼ
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г
Ľ飬صؾˣҸһгˣ˲ѽ
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ϯģҲ̫ڣǼñ鷳¹Σҿɲա
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˵ˣȫȥɡ
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ӷ磬ôˣ
ƴţǬȥԼҹӷ磬ȴûҵû뵽ӷԼˡ
ĽȻص˾ǣȻҲ֪˳ӷڼӷ˽Ľǰס˳ӷ磬˵ӷ磬ڲȥ
Ȼ˶˵ˣҼʲô飬ϲؾҲһ㡣
˵Щˣߡ
˵˲Ҹλ٣ҲˣѼ棬ôҪȼɡ
һԱһƿýϣҽƴˡ
٣ʢһû뵽Ȼܵˣ浱ǲ𣿡
ӷ磬㻹Ϊʲô֪ûǰ㣬Ǿ֣ڵ㣬ֻǸˣһ˶µĻҲˡ
ȻˣǾǱߺȾƣģǣΪʲô°ɡ
ӷ˶£Ҳֻгӷ֪裬Ƿ죬һһ޼
ǽ͸ɣˣ㣡


1227 ֵ
Լ˵ǰĳӷ磬ȻǼɵֵģڵĳӷ磬κвˣֻҪƴţǸһӷ磬ֻеķݡ
ֵԾİӷ絹һƣŮҲǶµģᵥӷ絹ͬҲ赹һȻ˵˻ǼŮһ仰Ҳ˵
ӷƱ˵˵ҸҲڵĵˡȻǶˣһֱûǡûǵĻҲұƵһǿ
ӷ˵ġǡڻƴţǿľأû뵽ġ
ȴ֪ӷ˵ģԼһݣ꣬޼
Ը޼ǶǷǳĽɫҲǼΪյĽɫڵǱΪйһе䣬˫˿ɵСȴϣһӷĳ֣һͿأˡ
𣬶ڷ޼˵ǱضģһҪǾǷ쵱ʱڶ֮ʱЩ£±ӵĻѡΪӷĵˣǸʱһҪӮӷ磬κη棬Ů˷棬ҪӮ
ģ˫ۿһĽ飬ԼƽŮˣڣǲʶԼˣԼҲ˿ĺøУղᵽԼ˵˼ֵ롣
飬ľô𣿡
ţ˵Ϊڵ裬ҲǷˣһεķ죬ûʸٳ֣ǾֱɫȥûԭԼһаɡ
޼ڳ˯ƵģûгֹӷҲ֪һǷƺ˵ģû´Ļһû޼ںúؼʱ̲Żųܻ޼ôͷûá
ôھ¶𣿡
ӷĺһھƣǴǰţΪӡĹϵһȥԱΪӷ֪ԱĺģԼһˣԼߵЩֵܽãЩѣе£ȫ
Ҳɵ֪ӷ粻ʱֱɵֶΣ򣬲͵ڸˣûֻп¶ЩĵֶβܶԸԼ
Ʒźƣ¾Ʊʱ˵ȻҶǴˣҲתĨˡ
ţô˵ɣҲϲ˷ʱ䡣
㶫ﾡУţҵһ룬̰İɡ
ǬЦ˵裬ǲǳ⣿㣬Ÿһ룡Ϊʲô˵ţҲȫ㡣
ţĿǰԲ£ţһ죬ҲģǸʱȻֵһ
ãܺãǳáҪҪһšԣˡ
ʲô
ƴţ磬㲻˵Цɣ
ҴӲ˵Ц˵ҲҪбõֲѽ
˶٣ӷɳϣȴѾվΪڳӷУɱ⣬û뵽һˣȻǿҵɱ⡣
ʱֵģӲֶˡ
ƴţǼǰһЦ˵붯־ͷɡ
ţ嶯ڻǶֵʱ򡣡
˵ӷ磬ΪҲ֪ǱߵѾˣһˣûʸҵļ̳ˣڵ㣬Щһ֮⣬һûУʣôҶ
ô
ģ𣿡
˵ҾﲻҵЩֵܽãҲᶯܽҵ㣬һ֣ţȫ㡣ɱңǲҶ˵ĽɽӴ˸ա
ӷ磬ǲǷˣѼģҲ̫˰ɣ
õģܽĻˣҲֻ·һ
Цӷ磬ֻԼֲҡ
㣬ҲɱˣɱңǾǻһɡ
費ԣѵѽûڣɱ˳ӷ磬ɱ˻ƴţǣԼǱߣܳԼɣʱԼȨйٽڣ˭ԼΪС
һ䣬޼ͬʱ֣Ϊһ壬˵Ҫ
Ҷҳ磬ҡ
ƴţǰȥӷ絲ȴϣһ󾢷紵ֻһӰԼٶȣԽ˻ƴţ˳ӷǰ
顣
˫ԣ豻ǽϣ֮ˣ̩ɽ㣬ڳӷǰһҲûж
˿̵ĳӷɳϣһгӣϣ¶ɭɭЦݡ
ȫڿڳӷǰ֮ʱ˵㲻˵ˣ𣿡
裬һͬȱ㡣Ҹղֻ˵ҵֵܽòҵѶɡ
ӷ绺ǰ֮˵ļЦүү̵һ֡
֪ˣ
ֵתųӷ硣
˼飬ղųְӷģȻ˼׵սѣֵ㣡
ûоԵİգǲȥκ˵ġ㲱ǵ̥ǣ㡣
ֵԼĲӣڲӵߣһƹͷ̥ǣͷر𣬵Ҳǳһ
Ӧòүүɣ
ѽҵʦ̥ǣҲʦӡȥģҪүүͻᱣһƽ
ڣѾҵ鵱УҪƽ²̫ˡ
үү˵ˣֻҪѡ˶飬Ͳõİȫ⡣ޣδκ£
ޣйһˮʦҲǳӷڻʢʱǸͷ


1228 
ֵȻ޵Ůһôһ£֤һ£ޣԲֻῴˮô򵥣ֵһΪǴġ
Ҫ֪ȻʲôǿߣϾ磬ϻһ޼ͬΪһ壬Ҳ˵Ľ壬ȻֵһƸǽȥˣӷӡҲܿĳֵΪ۷徳硣
ӣԻʢټ֮󣬳ӷѾˣңʱҲǻԵӦصҳӷġ
ֻ޴Ӳ飬Ϊʲôλϳӷ磬ʱһ㶯ҲûУڳӷӡعͽŮͨ˼׵ĹϵԼ
飬үүǲ㵽ˣ
ӷ粻裬ֵ㣬Ӧ˵ޣóӷļȤ
ǵģȻҲӲͷƤңʱ侩飬Ҳܻ֪
үүѽ
ӷ粻ɵһЦɱԼ뵽һˣ˾ǱBOSSӾްҹǼһԤ֪δ飬Ҳ㵽ᷢʲô飬·ĳϵԲͬһˣΪӷѾԿ϶ӾްҹǸŮˣȻ۷֮ս˵һЩĪĻʲôĶȷŮˣǺӾްҹʲôӾްҹ֮ԻΪ˵õκζΪһ֣Щӷ綼ûзϣҲûȥ룬ֱӿ϶˺ӾްҹԱ
йֻҪ֪޵ˣ֪ǸеģҲѾһˣ͸ӲܸӾްҹκιϵܵõǶڳӷ˵һԵĺ£ڣҲǰʲôȻŮԼ
˲ʲô£ҪվԶ飬ѵѾǰֵ͵ҲһҪԣȵĶȻǳӷ硣
ǵģүүѾ㵽˻н죬ĶšֻǸСɫˣľأĴС
ֵ˵ûľأǳӷĴУľͷԣΪյԸ˵ʱڳӷıͱϼӷӡ֮£ҲľظģŻܵꡣ
Ȱ鴦֮ȥүүɡ
ӷҲѾȫȫ׼ս
ֵ˵裬Ȼӷʱ˻йǵսǱߡڵĳӷǻһʱ䣬үүȷ˵֮󣬳ӷ罫Ǹʱ򣬲Ƿ츲֮ʱʱ䲻̫á
迴ֵ㣬ͨŮˣȻΪԼ֮ϡ
ҪӲĻԿģ϶Լ
Ҳɵúǰ֮ʵүүޣ
ǡ
үүҲһ֮Ե˵һΡǽͿ޵ϣݲӷΪѣպ󣬻޲Ҫٲ֮ˡ
үүһ֮ԵģӦһݰɣ
һݣ
һЦ˵Ϊޣʲô鶼ĵӷ磬ˣްһ١֮Ͳôˡ
˵꣬Щӣ߳˰ᣬƴţҲûȥֹΪֵ˵սģʹվս
߳᲻ӣ洫
ӷ磬޳ܵĻ쵰ھﶯʲôֽţ
ܷŭȴ
ӷһЦ˵Ȼ¶ģֶΣҲûùϣֻжҩſ˵ùĿǰΪеģҡͷ裬ֻھʮŶѣȥҡɡ
һЦǴһͿһʱѽȷӷ粻мھʲôȴˣӷ磬׻ճġ
ӷ磬ǾƣҲѽ˵
кֻ촽ھƱһ°ˡˣڻҪȥһˣȸظҰɡ֪ͨһ˵û£ȼ֮󣬾ͻȥġ
ֵ˵ô鷳ֱӸؼҰɡ
һؼң
ӷЦʶ⹫
ˣҵء
߳KTVʱӷͣһ£Ի˵СѣǼʱ䲻ôھˣȫȥϾɡ
㡭
õңҲµġȻӡⲢֹԼ·ǱߣƻۣҲ̫ʺϻϾǾȥɡ
ѿһĽ飬ȻĽؾˣչ˳ӷ磬Ӧò̫⡣
ǺãȥϾɣţǶסģ֡
סһǿУһжŵȵģϾǰ񣬶ںܶ飬ҪôĶࡣ
ã֪ˡȻȥɡ
ǰֵ˵ǰû㡣
ƴС㣬ֻǸСûҲġԷģүү׳Ҳѣǲ̫Ӳġ
Ҳ޵֣Ҳ֪Լүүѣȴ֪޻иŮ
裬ͽˣǧӷκ£ȻأˣҲܶࡣ
ҷģûǸǻүү˼ҵ㣬û˵̫ӵġ


1229 
ƴţȫظң׼ǰϾ̵ȥˣĽΪҲջصǣûļؼңյƴţҪ̸еϢΪ˲ûƴţǴ֣𲻱Ҫ鷳ĽŻ̸ϹȥģȻҪȻؼһˣӷҲȥĵطˣҶȽϷһ㡣
ӷֵصʱ˼Ѿˡ
⳵ͣԼҴԺſڣѾʮˣһ³˼ǰʵܵȥˣүүǶˡ
ģⲻǻ𣬻˸˻ء
㣡ôҲˣ
ֵǲ˼챾˼ײżӷģԼһܹȥ֪ӷʲôطӷҲѽ
˼ףԲ𣬽飬㡣
ңʲô˼
ʵ֪̫ӻʲôطˣҲΪˣҲŻôͷѡǼҷġǧҪңҲΪ̫ӺãүүңһҪ̫Ӱȫ
үүʲôʲôѽôһҲ
ȻǾͱ˵ˣֵҲû⡣㣬ǲ˿ˣ
ô֪үүһѡ
ǾͶˡߣǽȥɣһΣһޣε㡣
ԺүӸպþڴԺУһͷڴԺΧ塣
ϵǳãûа磬¹Ҳǳ󣬲ҲΪʺЩ˼ˡ
ͬһ˴һ𣬾ǱȽ̹үӸһͷӺϤڶʱҲϡ
ϼһ㻹䡣
үеһӸҪ£һͷֹȱ𼱡ղǲ´ˡ
ϲģֲشɷôʹˣض𣿡
ͷޣ޴ЦϼһǸʮǰһѽƢһ㶼ġ
ˣͲˡ
⹫һˡ
ӷʱǰ˵
ͺãͺáӷ磬һ£λǹҶġ
ޡ⹫Ѿˡ
ϼһղ˵ʱȫû뵽ǵ㱾һ㶼ûѽʱոպá
ЦСӣǵͷ𣿡
ֻǵһĺķˮʦû뵽λˮʦȻҲ壬ѵͲ˸𣿡
һͷ׷һɽЦˣͲЩȥʲôˡ
Ȼˣܵʲô
С϶ҿΪģȻС϶ѾˣʽˣôܵǷ֮صľ
ǲҪлл㣿
ããӦõģ˭ǡ
˵꣬ӷߵǰγһСذף޵Ĳϡ
һĻǺܿ죬ҲԤ׵ģȴһҲûģԺ˼֮⣬ÿһ˶Уմ߳Ϸ˸Խ죬ûһ¡
ϼһֱ׼ˣҼСӣһס
˼ԱѾŵɫ԰ˣһ仰Ҳ˵ֵȴ˵үүѾ㵽ˡ
ӷЦһ˵û㵽ܻܲ죿
Ȼǻģ㲻ɱС϶ĻС϶һ
һɱɣ򣬾ɱ㣬ҲԱ֤̫
Ϊӷ֪Էһٶ׼ˣͲˣû뵽ӷȻ˵ĻүǼеˡ
ӷ磬ˣλ⹫ѡذ
⹫£ͱˡƽɻģЩΪǣ֪ȥδļһǰʱ䷢һأȴû취ҲȻֳһ˻ҵǰʣôܷŹ
үȻӷ񣬻Ҫɱˡ
Խ˵ӷ磬λ⹫Ĺͣذ׷¡
ģԡ
ӷеذһ˺󼸲˵۷徳ĸ֣ȻˣǾͱˡ
۷徳磬ֵֻһˣޣӷ翴͸
ˣǾ°ɣˣҪֻҪ¾ͺˡ
ৡ
һֵ֣һүүû㵽ģԼհѳӷƽĴû뵽ӷȻҪԼɱ֡

ֵһѶ֣̽
ͬȰĳ֣ͬȰʧ
Ժڣֵһ˫۾ΧͣĿţڰеģֹһˡ

һֵֵȻתӰףͬʱж̽ǰһӣһֵ˺ü
Ϊ֮£Ϊʲôʩչǿĵ
ӤҰǽ֮ϣԺеһô֮ϣһǰһ˫̵ֵͬʱֵָ㡣
ԭ˺ۼͬһ˵ĵϣһΪ֮£ʤҵġ
ֵη壬˼׾ͻԼʶֵ㶼üˣüսѣֻ֪ᳪ裬裬ȴ֪ôѽ
ӣҲүүһ̫Ϊǡǧֹ
ͻأһϢڴԺڣϢǧֹģɸǰϢҪܶ࣬Ϊ۷֮սʱӷ绯ʿǧֹˣΪͬΪһ࣬ӷ绯ΪʿǣǧֹȻΪһսʿڵʱۼʱ֣Ҳ;ǧֹȻǧֹͬǲ֮ʿǵȱ̬ĽɫҲ֪ҪٴΡ
ֵ㣬ʮӣʮڣɱʮεĻͷһ
ֵĺˣϢ̫ˡ
ӷ磬ҸүүģбҪ𣿡
Ҫ֣͹̫ΪˣѵΪҵӡˣͿ˭һ𣿱˵㣬ľأҲ첻ղžû㣬ãһ裬ҷֺ𣿡
֮ǰţˡû뵽ֵ£Ȼô֡
ʱ˵ӷ磬òϣɱǵĻǸͲߵĵĸ֣߸ǿز㸸׸ӡ۵£ҲûֺܶǣҪһ㣬磬֮⣬޵ڶˣԽ⿪ڵķӡĸ׳ۣҲⲻΪڷӡ֮ʱûҪ⿪ڵķӡӡ
ӷһЦתޣ˵£Ӳϲ³ƣ֮ǰû֮󣬲Īôޣھ͸Լһ԰ɣֻҪ׼ԼҲ˵Ļʱɲ࣬ʮ롣㣬


1230 
ӷ粻ϲвͬʱҲϲκ֪ԼڶʲôǵˣǾ̫Σգѣϵĳֽ׶ΣñȸƴţĽ׶ΣӷͬǲĵģҲǲݵģֻأҪСģֻҪߴһһĴǺԲǳӷܳеģԼߵˣɥ
òϣޣȷһĽɫҲһΪصĽɫû֪һѧǴӺεһбµˣӦҲǺصģڳֲôأֻҪ֪ˣ֪ʱǴ߳ģַͯʲô£û֪
ˮ֮䣬ֻںһ㣬ڵڶ㣬ڻʢٵһθӷ˵ǰ㣬ƽУֻ˿һڶǳӷˣǳӷˡ
ˮ֮˵ںܶ˶ԣУޣʱƭΪҲƭƭȻʶ֤ڡƭ֮⣬ŷı¡
˵£ֻҰףɽ죬ͲòóӷˣޣǳʲôĿԼģҲҲǷܰԼ⿪ڵķӡܣһ£ӡĳۣ޷⿪ķӡޣƾʲôȻ˵һӡޣʲô⿪ӡ
ʵһ͵ˣӷǾ͸ҽһܾˣȴԾȣԹһķ۴̣ԣӷŻԼԼһˣǳӷҲûҪˣǲı£Ӧ̬֮
㣬ֻʮʱ䣬
ӷһ࣬˿ЦүӼʼĻǵһμӷ˵棬У˵ĺݶ
޹һЦ˵ȻҪ㣬ұˡҽˡ
ӷ翴ޣԼɵһЦ˵㣬ˡ
һӣӣҰʱʧڴԺ֮ڣǧֹɢϢҲȻ޴档
˲Ӳν
㲻ˣӡ
ֻ˵ˣĴ𰸣ұȽѡˣڣǿˡ
ֵ˿˵үүȻҪǣǻ߰ɡ
̾˿˵ӣ޵ţӴ˾ͿԳȥˡѽʵǴˣԺҲûˣҾԲƣһɡ
ү˵޺ϵһ裬ֵתȥ
үûļ˵ӷ磬⺢ӣôﲻ㣬٣⹫ѽ
⹫װŪѣҪҲաң˵ҲһûɵñңѾעˡ
ʲô˼
⹫Ӧúжڶңжɱҡʱ򣬲˭ֻҪѡվһĻǾͻΣա
ү˼һ£׳ӷ˼
ҪˣͱɱˣӷղģǶôҲɱ෴
˳ӷ࣬үӿЦһ˵ѽޣһΣȷĲλѽΪ֮ɣ
ˣӦðҹҲˣүӳȥҽϷ˸Խ죬˼ȫȥʲô¶ùˡ
ӷڴԺ˴ԼһСʱӣǧֹͻȻ֡
ô
ϣΧвٸţӦȫľġ
ľأûǸΧļһ߸ӰӶûɼȫġ
Ůģ
ӦǳġŮ洣ֻǺӾްҹһӰˣģĺ飬ҲǺӾްҹˡ
ѹ־Ҫ˶ޣһǹڰͬʱѾЩνɱˡ
Σίһ˼ˡҸᣬһΣѿļʶȥһޡҸղһУһ֪Ҳʲô뷨ġ
ǣס
찲Ź㳡޸ֵһ·վڹ㳡мλãҹա
үүӷ̫ˣǿģȻǡ
ЦֵĻѾˡһΣүүʧˣ˳ӷѾǰǸӷˣ
үү⻰ʲô˼
ܶ飬ȫүү֮У٣ӷͲڡĴ·ҲΪˣǳɾʹߡˣģʼջҪɡ
Ƴ޸ֵǰֵһ˵񣡡
һҲ⣬Ҳڼӷ֮󣬲ŷЩĴڵġ
ǲɱңԳӷΪ˵ҲŹҵġ
ޣ£˰ɡ͸߹㣬ӷ粻һ׵ģ㻹ƫţҪȥӷ硣ôǲǸÿһ£ˣ
һµЦҲǸͷӣһͷİ׷÷
û뵽ϼһҲ½ˡ̫ףҽˣȥ˵Ͱɣ׬ٵǮ
˵ģǱķ˸˵ġΪ̫׳˻˵һǴԩѽ˵ͣǵһأ
ֵʵ̫ף̫׽ǣ
Ѿͷǲңȥɽ˵ʱǲǺгɾ͸УʵֻǷһ˵ˣ磬ҲûֻӣνμǣȫǼٵġ
٣̫ףĴڡˣȻ˵ֻǸˣֺαػң˵
ϼһǸҪѽοŮµķּģֻҪӦŮΪɰ࣬ӵ񼮣񡣡
Ϊ񣿹ʲôʱ磬㿪ϵˣ
ŮģҲǶ޵һֿ϶£޵ڶˡ
лŮ⣬ˡֻϧѾûǸ־ˣǴӽ쿪ʼɽְɣ
ɽ֣˵Ļ뵱꣬Ҫͬٵǵȥˣ
ˣͬô̫ףתŮҲҲȥҳӷˣǸ󻼵ĻʱɱҡڣҪˣԶ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ûоأߵȥ
ҵ£лĹġ
޲ٶ˵һ䣬ֵתȥ
̫һҪ֣ȴ̫׸סˡ
㲻Ķ֡
һ˶ѡ
ˣ֪ˣʲô춯ص𣿡
ղ˵ͬ١ѵǡ
һɻ䣬֪ͺˣ˵
Ůķּô죿
ʵɣôŮ˼


1231 ӡ
Ϊ˲˷֡ɣǧֱֹȻǵǧֹ죬ŰճӷķԸȥޣ
޲ûסֵǱֵطͲʺˣͨһĻݣ޾ˣԹеԸǱȽϹŹֵģҲסЩƫƧ֮أ޵Ը䲻ôŹ֣סĵط޷ˣȻЩͨһطֱӾס죬֪ģΪǸҪĽлء
ֵ֪ЩôģԲסʲôطе棬Ӳᰴʱͷ˸ޣĻ޹ƾҪطˡ
죬ֵΪĳӷ˵㻰˶޲ܵ˵ͨһѾһŮˣվ޵ǰңŮ˵ϣɢһʮŨҵϢ
ϢǰԼҴԺ֣Ҳ˵ŮˣɢϢ֮ˣǳӷ¡
үү
ֵܵǰסǧֹǧֹҪֵĻǴ֮һս
õġ
޵ıһҲţǧֹʱȻеԾҲû̫ϣϾ֮治ˣԼǸˮģģؼİأκ˶Ҫ
ΪһˮʦӦ㵽һɣǧֹʵ
ȷ㵽ˣȴû㵽ôһˣһ֪Ǵģ
Ҫ𣿡
Ȼжԣÿһˣһ࣬ÿһ࣬˵Ĺȥδ㣬һû֮ˣҲ˵㲻ûйȥҲûδɻڣʵǳ֪ķΧ
ǧֹ˵㣬ģҲû㡣
ǳӷҪҵģ
룿ѵҪ㣬㻹Ҳȥɣ
ȥôѵͲ±𣿡
ģûо԰յ飬ǲġѾڵˣ߰ɡ
ɽ˵ͷ˵Ҳȥ˵ˡ
ֵû˵Ȼ޶˵ˣԼ˵ʲô
ʵ벻ͨˣΪʲôĸԸĸӷ硣Уڳӷߵģ߸𾳽ǿߣÿһΪƷľ磬ǿߣԲӣֲڳҵˣôΪʲôӷ磿
ǧֹشˣַֻ
֣
һȣһɱ
һȣһɱȷӷ粻𣬾㣬Ҫ㸶һǾ͸ңʲôƨԵ·ˣνӢ۲Ż飬Ӣۣû³
Ȼǰĳӷ磬ܻԵ·˵뷨ô֮󣬳ӷ֪νġСźܶ෽棬νĺˣȻΪʲôΪ˳˻ţǼ֮⣬ʲôᣬˣֻҪǶԼ飬ʲôֶΣõĳ
Ҳˣ߳˵ֱͨһͨıգĵصȻ͵Ƿǳߵȫǣ˵ȫй߼һҾƵ꣬ҲΨһһǼľƵ̹꣬ŴƵꡣ
һͳ׷󣬳ӷѾڷڵ棬ʽĴһصӡ
Źرգǧֹûн뷿䣬һֵȣǳӷԸġ
Ϊʲôҽȥ
ǧֹ˵ûʸȥ㣬ͬûʸ񡣡
ǡ
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һʶ˾Ŀº󣬾Ͳˡڣұ졣
ڣӷûתȴֱӿżɽʵʲôӡ
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1232 Ĵ˵
޽۷֮սľ˵һ飬˵Ȼǳӷ벻Щ£ͬʱҲ˵ʿ飬ʹĳӷ綼ţԼʮǰȻһңɱôˣлΪԼ֮ϵ
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ǿ󣬲˵һУ˶ˣǻҪôǿʲôãӷɲȥһ˲ˣļһ
ӣҰֽҵӡȷû취顣зӡ⿪Ҳȥˡ
ǰûʲôǳӷµģǺӾްҹҲûʿǰĿ£һԼķӡ⿪ˣʿٴγ֣ԼԼɱԼеѣ
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һ£ҪѡҲֻ·ѡ񡣿㣬ȴ·ѡȨһ⿪ӡȥġڶӡӴͨˡ⿪ӡ֮ҪԼǷܿƵסʿˣƲס㽫Զʧԣǳٴγ֣Ҳûķӡܷסʿˡͬģ⿪ӡܹסʿʿ㱾ΪԽԽǿӳ޷ԤƵ֮
࣬ھͿӷԼľˡ
ղ˵Ƭ֮䣬ʿʿĻҰʥʿĻټһƽʿʿΪǿĴڡ֪ʿǴӺζʿ飬֪٣
֪Ҳֻ֪࣬ʿеа֮ͳģʥʿƽʿͲö֪ˣžҲ֪ȴ֪ǳҵȣʱ뿪ڤʱһĵ伮
ĵ伮ΪʲôҲ֪ôһ伮ڣ
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ΪǳҵǱĵ伮ֻһѣֻнֵĵ伮Ϊһ壬ܿеݡ
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޿Цһþò˺üӲ˵˵̫࣬ɱҡ
ģɱ㣬ҲҪɱ˲ѽֻ־ңǾ;˵ɡ
Ҹ㣬֪ھڤ飬Ųţ
֪ھڤ£ޣ󻰿ɲ˵ģֻһȽ˰ˣôܻ֪ڤ磬ǿǳҵϼѽ
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Ϊָɵı仯ǵ˵ɣΪ֣ǻȻ粻֪ʲôˣ
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ӷһ£һԸҪΪ룬ըǻֱӽըɷ飬ϳǡ
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˶٣˵Ȼãã֮ڣҲûʲôܷ飬˵ʲôʱ򣬻Եһ汻ҵһľĵ伮Ǹʱʿ˭ܵõȫľĵ伮˭ǿĴˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊھĵ伮ڣʿռܣͬʱҲôƽʿмܵķ
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ѽôܣ˭ѽ
ûʲôܵģ֮⣬ľĵ伮ڣƬããķչʷҲ˵Ƭôγɵģȫľĵ伮֮ڣ


1233 
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ӷһʵı󼸸֣㵽ǲˣ
Цӣ㻹ûɱѽ
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˵ɣ֪ģֻһЩΪ֪飬ȥδһʱ֮ڵ顣ӾްҹȴԤ֪һǧ֮飬Ҳ˵һ棬ǿһǿˣǲ㵽ġ
ѵӾްҹԤ֪𣡡
Ҳδأ֪ƬããУе飬ǲϵķ仯һ򲻻һضλƵģԤ֪ģ鷢仯֮ǰ£һǧ֮飬ͲԤ֪Ϊһǧ꣬еκһط츲صı仯
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Ҳ˵ҿ֪ںӾްҹΪˣѾһ֪ΧĴˣ
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ڵķӡ˵ӡΪһΪԼãУ֪Եõڸ׵ͬʱҲ֤һ£ޣжǿ
ӷڿԿ϶һ㣬ޣԲڵϵˣԺηͲö֪ˣֻҪǺ˾OKˣҲܻӷ硣
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ӷ˿̺ԸоСĴڣʮδоģСʮڷ·ʧƵģû뵽޾ԼıһԼܸоСˡ
Сڵԭɫģɢǿҵ⣬ڵȴǰ޹⣬һͨʯ㣬Ҳûһתļ
Сڵ⣬ΧһΧűӡٵת
ͬʱϣһķģһѪɫķţЩĵĳ֣ʹǵСܵʲôвʲôٵĺˣ˵Ǳ˵ġ
˵оûУֵķģӡֻҪЩĴͻὥĻָУ֮֮еķתԭЩڣӡͻʧڴʱ䣬Ҫ׼ʱӡתںΪһ壬Ǿͳɹˣ
ӷȫѾð˴󺹣Ŀǰûиоκεʹࡣ
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ȻǾڷӡתδ֮ǰǸͨˣҲ˵ҵȥӡԼϣĻҾͽʧ֮֮ʱΪáǣͨ˵壬ܲܳܵס֮ҪԼˣ
֮ǶޣΪʲô磿
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ѾʼˣԼģѵӷں𣡵ﻢѽȥ·һͨ˵壬ʥƷ֮ǼǲܵģǾԲܣĻǾûԺˣ
ӷ˿ݺ˵ɣ


1234 񷶦
޾ȻʥƷǿߣȾ磬綼ûѽѹ̫׻˵񣬶޵ĶˣͷӣصĻͦģЩû˷ȻŴ˵ȵʵ
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үү


޵ڵϿȥĳӷ磬ûѽԼԻС棬ҲѾӷ˿ΪʲôӷڻԼԼղŹӷڵûԼԻСʧɱڳӷڡ
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1235 Σ
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棬ǣƽȮۣǱˮϺϷǸˣˡ裬ţ
ӣǺܲѽѾˣȻ֪ˡ
Ŵ򿪣˽ֽŸ

ⷿŸձرգţٴδʱվģľء
ȻѾǾͲȱһˡ
ľأӦ뵽һ˾ǣһ˴󵨣ھǸ¡
ӣھϵ⣬ҵ׸Ȼ˵湻ֵġ
ٷϻУھͶɱҡֵʱǺһ㣬һн򣬵ҷӡһ⣬ģǣ
Ƕлˣͬ飬һΣΣΣҾԲĴˡ
ľض˵λС㣬ӷҲгɣһ֣Ͻɵ
ΪʲôҪ֣
Ȼ֣ǾԼԼģֻҪóӷ罫ӡҾͶ˺֮ǡ
ľزٷϻԹôοˣΣҪϽӷ硣
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ɱӷ磬ء


1236 ˵Ӣħ
ֵ˷䣬һŲŷ֣ԭĵ˲ֹһѽе裬ԼģҲ֣ҪԸ費⣬ܼ򵥵飬ֵͷʹˣ
ֻһǿô鷳ˣ
ֵĳ֣ľػ治Ծӷ綼ˣû뵽ݣһŮˣʵǹֵģѵӷʶˣŮǲ
СѾͷѡ·һԼԼءԼѡһɡ
ľغǲ˵ֵˣֻֻϰˣͲһ¡
ӷڶˣ˵ǲ⣬ȫˣܻʲôľɱ㣬Լڲ񷶦ҲԽƵըɷѽ
ܻʲôϽ뿪
УүүΪѾˣΪŷϵģҸӲ¡
㣬ǣ̫֪ߵغˡ𾳽ǿߣƾ۷ľ磬ġ
ģүүһһԵסǵġҪץʱС
˵ֵ꣬ӻóһԲεƣƵıΪɫڣȴɫģһɫҺ壬˵֮ڵĶŰ㣬棬֪ƵĲ򵥡
ֵ㽫һžһؾ飬ֱӷ֣ڵʳ˷ĩ
ͬʱĩڵϷΪ˰ɫɫķĩγɳĮеһɳʮСȴɢ˰ɫɫĹâ
ľظ迴ŵϵķĩ˶ֵ֪ŮҪʲôѵʵ㶫ͿԾȳӷҲδ̫˰ɡ
˿ȴоһֺϤĸоָо֮ԻϤΪǰܶΣҲɢָоĶйεսεսУһɫߣʥ۷徳磬ҳΪ˺ʥʹ֮һӵżȨ
ħޣ
˵֣֣ľظһ
ϵɫĩѾɫķĩסˣɫķĩУһͷһǳСͷ棬ͷΪɫ۾ͷҲΪɫ
ССͷͣתţһ˫ɫ۾Ĳͬ俴ȥӣԵĺǺ棬ֺǾš
ֵҲ֪ƻʲôãֵܲܵס𾳽ǿߣӲ֪ڣȻһֻСĴڡ
ħޣүү˵ħޣ
ֵȥΪֹһ˵ħ޵飬Ҳ֪ħ޵Ŀ£ԼΪֵܵסġңħҲΪģӵ׵ߣΪ˾żҲһħޣǳԽ˾żģħ޾͸ЩһԻΪͣɱֲ֪ǿ˶ٱԽ˾żħޣǼΪģħеļƷһ˿շħ޵ĻֻҪ㲻벻ħ޾ͻ棬ͨħޣڴ򲻹ʱҲǻܵģһħޣǻװģ˵õһֻװħޣǿɾıˣ
ֻССħ޿࣬һӦȻǺ£ӣӦһֻճõħޣҲһħޣôܴĹ𾳽ǿߡ
үүⲻںһֻճħޣ𾳽ǿߴûʲôѽ
ֵнпѽ֪ͲܹˣԼ̫ˡ
ʹеĳӷ綼һʧΪֵʲôõıû뵽ȻһֻСħ޳ħڵûУӷҲûһֻûõħޣһͨˣʲô

̲סЦ˳˵һħޣЦˣ˵Сһ̫ΣˣĻȥˣ仰λ̫Ӷ˵ġ
ѽȷǺΣգ룬϶쾳ĳǿߣкüطܲΣ
ɫСħ޴Сɳ˳˫վأ˫ץ趯ţƺܲűԼֶͣ
һŲС
ڼɱӷ磬ûʲôʱ˷ѣһȳӷڵķӡ⣬һŹԼģԼҲûغˡ
صһŲɫСħ޵ϣֵ۾ôûðɣô˵ֻħѽҲһžͱ˸˰ɣ
ֵѾƴ׼ɸҪʱ˭֪ǲɫСħ޵ĽţȻ̧Ӧ˵ǣʲôʼ׳ʹĽŲòʼ̧
һˣ벻ֻɫСħޣȻ̼䣬忪ʼ
ħޣ
Լ۾ոջһСħޣôôתΪ˶ħޣҲ̫˼˰ɣҪ֪ħ޵ΪԴߵûģÿҪһǳѣֻħޣȻôʹһ˶ⲻѽָоַǶħѽ
ɫСħ޵ѣѾӤĴСһֻСƵģǿ֣ͨȫΪɫ˫վأһɫƬͷϸͷϳһǣɫ˫У˵Ϲ⣡
һֻͻȻͻȻħޣͷȻǴͷѹô죡
ľ˵ʲôͷСͷģȽ
顣
һƳͷ˹ȥͷװǽϣǽϳһ󶴣һשͷڵϡ
ֵ̾˿˶ô𾳽ǿߣ𲻵κεѽ
ڳ˭Ҳû뵽ͷȻǽ˳ңһֻצֱָľأǷŭYou ask for itӢģ˼ǣҵģֿԣ
ɣֻħޣȻ˵ˣ˵˻ˣ˵ģӢҲ̫˵ɣ⻹ǲħޣ


1237 
ľرһΪ澳磬ΪԴߣⲻ˼һĻҲԾģ
ʵľأڳÿһ˶һֵ㣬û뵽Լϣһֱһֻ˵ħޡ
ħޣΪģҲ֪ħУֻһħǿ˵˻ģ˵ħ޾ͨеԣǾǳԽ˾żħ޵ļƷħޣԱ仯ΪεģԽ˾żħޣڱ仯ΪκҲ͵ǽʥ磬ǿޱȡ
ǰֻͷħޣֻֻħѽΪʲô˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ӷ类޴ʹ̼ţڸûȥģڲ񷶦ԽԽǿˣƣҪӳӷڳƵģһģȥԼֻ·һԼ̣ΪԼһբԼͷ­
ڣʲôǿԽջز񷶦ȥģԼ񷶦޷£ͲܿƲ񷶦ѽ
ľ໥һֻۣ˵ӢħҲѾʼץǴ˵ӣһѽֵƿ˵С椣˺һүˡ
ͷֱԼؿڣӣ·ļܿеƵġ
ֵԾԾҲͷ⻰ŭˡ
ʲôȻҵϷң
С椣ǴһѾôˣĻ˵÷ѽЩ껹ܶأÿΪ޷ͻǵʱڰаһѣӦŶأô˵ǸأʵҲǶħš
ǣȻûнǰĸ߰˵Ƚ˼ˡ
ħչħޣֵڱһֻħ޸ϷˣͲ˵ʲôһҪ֡
㶯һ£ǶⲻڡСӿʹ࣬ɱСӣ㲻ǾӦø֣һԸһҪסУ𾳽ǿߣΪӡ̫õĹϵĿǰ޷ָеԽżħޣΪΡҲ˵һս࣬ҲõģֻҪܶסһʱ䣬Сڵķӡˣһоͺðˡ
ħޣħޣһֻѽҲ̫˵˰ɣ
ֵƣħ˵ҲûԼֻܶԸ裬Լ˲ѽ˲
ҵùһϽȥԸǿߣһӦˡ
ҲѾ˵ҵûָǲܴĹġģʱ䡣
ͷĽԼ뷨˵Ͳںû
ֵ˿ɵģûôɵģȻʱ˵˳ԼҪʱģڱһ˵
ͷֵ㣬˵ιӦǺʥʹ߰ɣˣҿǺʥʹߣӦʥ۷ʵŶѽΪʲôôΪѽɶڵС棬ܵˣѵͷһҲԻٹС𣿲ѽԻС棬ôָܻô쵽ģ̽ң̽ѽ
˶һ̾ⶼʲôʲôѽħޣվһߵġ
С椣ңǲ֪ҵݣ֪ĻͲҵˡʵأҲԺģǰںʱݸλǺܲ׵Ŷ
ļһȻ֪ݣ֪ǺʥǿߣңȻ˵ԼҲԺġ
ɫЩѿ˫ڴͷϴһ£ʵҲԺģ
ǵȻˡںʷȽ˽ĻǾӦ֪˭
㵽ʲôˡʲôޣ
ϸ˫ˮĴ۾ɰСӣӣҰС촽а飬ӢħǧŮų鳡ɱֹħĹݵҵʯС֮¡ѵ㻹֪˭㲻֪Ļٸʱ䣬ϸ룬ϸӦþ֪˭ˡ
˲ûˤ˵ħѾģȻӣ̫˰ɣ
ӷͷĻȴֵһ뷨ͷȻǴѽȻַʱ䣬һҪʱ֮¸˶Էһ̫вˣ
ʱ򣬳ӷҪ뵽취ջز񷶦ڣҲʱ򣬳ӷڵѪȻһӷģҲ֮һ
зӦˣѪзӦˡǣΪʲôѪԼĸоȫһˣǰҪǿһǿˣԼҲ޷Ѫȥӡѽ
ѵΪĵѪںϵĹϵʹں֮Ѫǿˣ
ԣԼڹԴߣڹϵģѪӦҲܵϵӰ졣ǺڰԴߣںڰϵģѪҲǺڰϵڹڰһʲôԼǹǺڰߣһһ룿
ӷţͻȻ񷶦ΪѪĹϵȻ˳ӷԺУ
ͬʱڳӷԺеĲ񷶦ڣɳ˾ھͷϣվžŸ۵ˣȴǵӣ۸ڸסˡ
Ԫ񣬾ȻǽԪˣңǾŸͬʱ֣ԦžӲ񷶦ڷ˳
⵽ô£Ϊʲô񷶦ԼԺУΪʲôŸԪ񣬻ԦǵͻȻɳ˲񷶦
ھŸԪԦǵɳ񷶦ڣڳӷԺеĲ񷶦ȻҲ˱仯
ǿҵĽӲ񷶦񷶦ڽıΣһڶ̶̵ļʱڣȻҲһˣǾŸԪҪ
ͬɽĽˣλм䣬ŸԦĽԪ񣬲ͣΧǾ޴Ľת
ӷ´󾪣񷶦ȻһˣôԼǰδֹģ񷶦Ƕˣ


1238 
۾˵ĳ֣óӷ綼㲻ڵǸʲô״ˣ񷶦ôһˣһ˾޴ľˣҾŸԪҲǽ۾Ϊ㣬ͣΧŽ۾תȦû˿ֹͣǾŸػƵģ۾ˡ
Ժ֮У˽۾˸ŸĽԪ֮⣬ȫΪһƬڰ
˿̣۾˵ͷλã⣬ֱΧȥҽΧȫ
ӷʱݿˣȱƵģóӷֱӻ˹ȥ
ֵ㿴ųӷӷİУİΧ֮£Ľ˵ϣҲı۾ӱϿӷ˰㣬ûκεĺҲûκε
ɣ鷳ˣӷ磬ѣ㲻ѽ
ֵľˣȴ¶Ц⣬رľأڵϵĳӷ磬ɵķһЦ˵ӷ磬û뵽Ҳн졣
ͷੲݵչĲŻ͸ûֱֹͣӷڵϣͷͷ˵£ˣ
˵ôףˣҲҪʬΡ
ͬʱѾӷһ˹ȥͷҲʱһ˳ӷǰһŸ
СӣΪ

ͷŴͣУһɫ֣ɫΧһҲˣ
磡ôǺĲ֮
Ϊӷ˷ܵڼͷгֵɫ˶סˡ
ΪʥʹߣȻ֪磬ǺӾ޻ҵĲ֮˺Ӿ޻ҵ֮⣬û˻ᣬǺĴ󳼣Ҳᡣǣѡһֻ˵ĶħޣȻʩչ磬ⲻòԾ
㣬ͲǴͷ
ı鿪ʼ࣬·뵽ʲôƵġ
С椣뵽˭ˡ
˵Ȼλʱһֻħޣֻħ޲ǻΪΣҲΪȻʶ꣬ѧȻеԴѵȻʵֻħޣǡޣ
۹⣬ⶼ뵽ˡûҾǹޣħ֮
˺һ˶벻ģȻȹȻһֻħ¹ôһ£
Сݼ
ͷӦóΪˡ
޾ȻģģǰǰֻצӣͷЦã֡ɡ
ȹ
ô£ŮǲǷˣôһֻħ¹ˣǺħޣҲɡ
Ȼľز֪һǳرĴڣȻΪ֮ڵߣ֮ˣȻҲԼķ
ںЩ֣Щ߹٣ˣͬҲħޣڸûһֻܻΪεħޣ˵Դλʵ֮Щħ޴󳼣ȫ͵ģûһ͵ġ
ޣǺȻʣҲǺӾӵλʱسйʷЩ󳼵ļ֣ڵʱĺޣѽ
һֻħ࣬ȷǺ˽ܣڵ꣬Ҳƾǻۣ֮λģڵʱ˲
ԴӺһλʵʧ֮󣬹λҲʧˣû֪䣬û뵽Ȼڵϡ
Թ޵˵ںĻǾһ֮£֮ˣʣ֪ݣôܲ¹ݼ
ΪʲôͻȻʧ٣Ϊʲôڵ磿Уǲ֪Ȼʱµ䣿
С椣㶼˵ȻˣȻѾˣôʲô䡣
Сʧԡʡ
Ҫôˣ˵ûȷѾΪȻʣѾˡ
ôܣµΪѾ϶쾳磬ôܻ¡֪ʲôطĻ֪СΪЩα£һֱϱµ䣬ҪһТġ
ûҪӾ뾡ТĵĻǾͽڸ飬£Ͳöˡ
ڹ޵ƢŵģȻڲ˵ԼҲûá
ˣӷǳҵμ̳ˣҲѾǺڶʢǺ˵һ޴в
ЩҶ֪
ǹΪʲôҪӷ磿
СѽүǷǰﲻѽкܶ£֪ġ֮ʲôʲôүʲôС椾Ͳöˡ
ⲻǷϻҪɱӷ磬ȴҪȳӷ磬ѵһ㶯ֲɡ
ڣڵĳӷѾˣӦòٳκεҲࡣ
ֵ˵ӷ綼Ѿˣ㻹˵ô
ô׾ĻͲʿĻˡ
˼˵û
ûҲˣҪԼܷ񽫷ӡ⡣ˣǸôôҪֵĻС椣ɡ
˵Сҡ
أ
ľ˵Ҳʲôģǵҵĵ̣һֻħޣѵܴƷľ粻ɡ
Ʒ
ľ֮ǰƷھȻƷɣǳĸɵĺ¡
ƷŻħأʥ۷ǿߣүҲ١
ٷϻ裬ȽӷʬΡ
á
С椣ţӷڽڤ֮УֻǼǶӷֺȻ޷үү
һ˵ƵģĴڣôܻһ޵
⻰ĺҲţֻһˣܶǸˣλʵ۱¡
ѵޣλʵʲôϵ


1239 еBOSS
ĴƬεУѰΨһһ㡣
Զһڹ֣ڹ⼱ٵγһʮıںڹⱦмλãһӰӰ֣޷òΣڹⱦɢģȴǺڰԪأӵ޾
ڷɵڹⱦǰʮֹ֮ͣһ˫۾ںڹⱦϲͣĿţϷЦ˵㻹һʱ֮ˣǰԼȻǵôһ̲٣Ҳһ̲磡
ڹⱦڴһŮ˵·Ծ֮⣬ַ·ԵԨԵļΪͬʱǰ˿־塣
ˣ֮ǰһУ񲻶׷ˡ
ȻǺ飬ǲӦҶ֪һ飿һУֵΪʲô
ʱҾѾ߹㣬ҵ飬㲻Ҫ֪ûҪ֪֪ˣ㣬ûκεĺô
˵ÿһ仰Ҷû˿ĻɣǰڣδҶỳɵģ֪ΪʲôΪʲô˵ÿһ仰ÿһԤԣͳͳΪʵҵѪӷں֮¡
£޷ģ㽫Ѫŵ˵ڣͬ䵽ӷΪעģʲô޷ı䡣
עӦǳӷʿ°ɣҵѪһǰˡ
˵Ҫ֪飬ͲҪˡ֮еʣеʣ󣬶ġ죬ҲעһӣΪ˽죬ҵȴ£ϣֹܹɣ
֮ǰԼڽ˵˺üΣһӣôӣǲȨ֪
ȻȻҲԼڽˡģס죬ᷢһ£һǳأȴΪ֪飬£ҲΪһǱڵһǱڵˣôǾԵĩա
ĩգ˵磬ǵ磿
е磬򵥵˵Ƭ档
Ҫô㣿
ܼ򵥣ֻҪֹӷ磬ȴֹͬʱֲɱܾܱĩյĵ
ӷôǣʿɱ˳ӷ粻ͿΪʲôҪ
ӷһĩվͻǰ٣ֻҪֹӷҵһ¾Ϳˣ
ֹʲô£
ĿǰҲ֪ʲô£Ӧúܿͻ֪ˡ
ĴЦһ˵Ǽ˼飡ҵͽû뵽һεľҪҰԣҲһᾡȫģһ
ʲô˵ɡ
һĺӾްҹģ
ڹⱦڵŮЦӦúһֱͳ˵֮ˣһͳһҳưԻ֮ˣͲǺӾްҹҡ
ȷ꣬ȷǺĻŮʣԼӦñ˭Ҫ֮ܳΪĻŮʣΪӾްҹ٣ԴĺӾްҹģһһ֮Դˣ˵ǰ𣿾Ĳڳư棬ҲһǸԵǿߡ
ĵֱⷬӾƷ˳ӷ۷֮սʱĲ롣ӾްҹͲŮˣǸˡһУȴһŮΪŮˣǺӾްҹŮˣһҰļ󣬷ǳĻŮˣӾްҹе飬δˮ棬˶Ϊư⻷֮ڵģǺӾްҹˡ
ӣӾްҹҲǸѽһŮŵˣŮˣöҲ֪ӾްҹĹϵ򵥣ӦǷޣԲǺʱĻʺΪʺֻ̫ۣпǸ֮ģ
һӣȴ쵽Ӿްҹ첻飬ȴһеĹȫ˺ӾްҹϣҰĸǸ֮⣬һ㣬Ǿǰ飬ֻһŶԷŮˣԸⲻһУΪԼˣһе飬Լˣɾһҵ
ѹֳ۷֮սʱ˵ǷֵĻʲôӾްҹǳӷʲôԼҪǶɺӾްҹΪģȴǸ飬ӣĵʱ˵ĺӾްҹǺڹⱦڵŮˡ
׻һôŮˣŮˣɱκһ˶Ҫ
ҲĺӾްҹԶܳ˰ɣ
ǵͳ˸У
ĻΪʲôǰһǧ磿ǵʱԼˣߵ飬һῴţ㣬ֻھĶʮǰģΪʲôǰһǧꣿ
ֻҰʱ˶ѡ
ʱˣҲûҪؾͳһŮ洣¶ӷɣ
ΪӷĶӷ籾ˣȴԾһǳرĴڣȵĽ壬ҸĹ壬Ҫǿ󣬾ӵžȴһһεĸ鷳ǲ̫׵õǿܾһ棬תΪһ棬ĻһУȫ׷ˣ
˵ЩҲܣ˵ʵҲܲˡֻһĺӾްҹҲ֪ûܣϡ
˵ûûҲȷ磬ȴ
Ϊʲôܼ
ڹⱦɢǿҵĺڹ⣬ڹȫڳĵϡ
ģҪٶˣҪɱ㡣
ӣ۵Ĳ룬ûġӾްҹڳӷߣ˵ĶԲԣ
ĻæҲҪˡ
ⷴӦ⻹ʵѽأӾްҹӷĹϵܲ򵥰ɣҲͲǲɱӷ磬ӷһҲͲֱʲôĩգͲɱӷ磬Ϊ֪һɱ˳ӷ磬ڵĺӾްҹһƴģǸʱ㽫ʮʹࡣ
ܴ㣬Ҳòϡϣ£֪ȻҲҪʺӾްҹǳӷߵһˣΪѾǰˣǰ飬Ҳȫˡ
ʲô˼˵Ӿްҹתģ
Ҫʣ֮ҿԱ֤ҵ󣬻ҪõһС
ĲٶʲôҲҶʣΪ֪Ů˲ǿ˷ָҲǿĿ£Լ϶۷徳磬Ķ֣ΪŮˣػ֮һƽʿǲڹ⣬νĺڰԪأһΣһУȴûƭԼ
Ѿӷߵ˲һˣƴţǬɽ£佣پף׷꣬⼸ˣģһܾǺӾްҹת


1240 
еĳӷһƬڰѹΧǳ㣬ƬǳĺڰУһǿҵĽ⣬⽥ĳӷӷ绺˷·Ư˰֮Уطûһԡ
˫ڽ£ӷ罥Ӧ˹ͬʱӷ羪˵ķ֣طԼԺ𣬽۾ˣһɽԼǰԶŸԪžڽ۾˵Χͣתš
ӷԼ壬ⲻΰɣΪʲôԼԼԺֵĵطҲ̫˼˰ɣߣﲻԼԺղųԼԺеģҲԼһطô⵽ʲôطأ
񷶦û۾ɲ񷶦仯ɵģѵǲ񷶦֮𣿲ѽԼֲû񷶦񷶦ͬһĴڣһƬɫΨ¯ǽɫġǰĲ񷶦֮ڣ֮ѽ
ӷгһǳ뷨Ų񷶦ı仯Ѳɣ񷶦ڲҲ˱仯
̵̣Ԫأս׸汦أ
ӷһʱҪʲôطȴ֣ԼôĳԼô޷һԼ˵ˣ
⵽ôһ£
ڳӷ羪֮ͻȻһƬͬռƵĵط
ʱѾˣλɣλɣλɡ
ӷ˫۲ͣĳΧȥҲ˫ת˲˵֮⣬Լ壬ûκεˣ֮ǰʹ࣬ҲȫȻʧˣ񷶦ҲˣԼȴܸоѪĴڣѪַڵɴš
ѵӡѾ
ѽӡ滯ˣԼӦֻоѪѽ񷶦ܸоĵѽڣѪ֮⣬ģһУС棬о
ӡû⣬˵ֻѪͻ˷ӡڳӷˣ˵ѪܴʲôûѪͲܷӳ
λɣλɣλɡ
ͣ𣬳ӷȻתһ˫۾Ŀ˽۾ˣӷڿ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ˣǽ۾˷ġ
˵ڸ˵𣿡
ӷʵ۾˴˿ҲشûҾڸ˵㣬λɡ
λʲôλ㵽˭ǲǲ񷶦
Ϊ񷣬Ϊԡλɡ
㵽˵ʲô˵ʲô
ӷڳ׺Ϳˣһ£ԼֻʻΪʲô۾ˣ˿ԻشԼ
ұΪһ壬ʱȷ룬پףҲʱλˣ
ʲôұΪһ壿
ӷӵĺͿ۾˵ʲôԼΪһģôܣⲻѽ
ȻʱѾˣӦùλˡҺ϶Ϊһѡ֮
֮
ĸ֣ôô졣
ӾްҹûؾʱӾްҹԼĵһŵ󣬾ͳ˲֮ĸ֣˲֮⣬г֮Ѫ֮֮ǺӾްҹرᵽļ㣬ӷȴδڹϣҲ֪Ӿްҹڸʲô
ڣ۾Ҳ˵˲֮֮ʲôǲ񷶦𣬻ǣ۾˵
ӷ˿ħƵģ岻ģ۾Ǳ˹ȥ
ʱͻȻɳӷ󣬳һǿҵ⣬⣬̼Ϊһˣǽ۾ˣԡ
ջ󣬳ӷ磬ֹͣ
һ𣬳ӷĶһʹȻֹͣת
ʲôֳһˣ⾿ʲô£˭ܸҷʲô£
˭ӷȻʵ
˸۾һӷзʣҲشҾǲ񷶦Ҳ㡣
ðô˵ģ۾ԼҲ˵ԼԼʲôʱôˣ壬ô˵Լ
ӷ磬ģƭ㣬ҲһģֻҪڸҺ϶ΪһǾΪǿңһܰۼȫľĵ伮㻯ʿ֮󣬴Ӿĵ伮ڣʿռܣư档
۾⻰ջʵ̫ˣ޿˵ѧĵ伮صʿռܣǲ޵еĴѽǸʱ򣬾ʥʿƽʿԼĶˡ
ǴڶĿӷʵ֪ĵ伮һʲôط
Ȼ֪ϹֻҪǺΪһ壬ĵ伮һ룬Ȼ֡
ӷ磬ƭˣаĴڣҲͲ֪ĵ伮һʲôطң㣬Ĳ񷶦ֻаһˡҪԼͳĻΪһĻͻȫɵҲֱӴʧˡ
ʲôԼаͳһ룿
ӷ磬˵аͳĻ룬ջΪһ壬Żʧ
˵ӷ磬Ӧú񷶦ڵľŸԪȫΪķÿԪ񽻻ʹò񷶦󣬶һַһ㱻ɣˡ
˵ûԼÿʹýԪʱȷᱻɣ㲻ʹýԪ񣬽񷶦Ҳᱻɣ
ӷ磬ģǷͳģƭ㣬һ㱻ƭǺ롣
ӷͷǳʹˣһһȥģҲ֪˭˵ģ˭ҪԼÿʹò񷶦ԪʱֵȷڷԼ
ǰһ˵ӦǶԵģҪԼģǽ۾ˡ
ԼԴӵõ񷶦ֻ֮нԪĴڣδʲôԪѽˣǴðģ
ʲôˣҵɵˣ
ͬҾ㣬ңңҲǲ񷶦ֻҪҺΪһ壬»Ĳ֮
䣬۾һ֣һ˳ӷϣӷоǿԼ۾Ǳȥ
ͬʱֽһ˳ӷϣͬһӷ糯Ǳȥ
ͬʱҪӷԼߣӷȻǲϵģѪʼôڣ޷Ѫӳ
۾ΧľŸԪȫ˳˹ȥ
ΧκεŸԪһţڳӷϵ⳷ȥҲʧ۾Ҳһ̣ӷ˹ȥ
̹ŴƵϿգڹⱦ֣ĸźڹⱦͬʱ
ãһѾʼˣģϽƵֹ꣬ӷ磡


1241 ֮
ڣΪʹľز˵ڵΪŻָڵľ磬һֻħޣħ֪֮ᷢʲôͬѰ顣
ħޣ첻˭ˣҲֹҽӷʬΡ
ʵ޸ͲҪԼҲѾ˵ˣʲôȥʲô飬ѾԼ޹ˣԼҪȳӷ磬ܵԼǰ˭ġ
ЦħˣǸļһΪƷľ磬޵ڵ粻ɣүʶһ£үһԴΪûָͬԴ
޲ǴԲѣȻǰǺλʵ۵Ĵ󳼣ѧ̻ʵ۵ԴȻмˢӵģޣҲὫųȻΪʲôᱻӡ֮УͲö֪ˡ
ڵߺܲгͬʱĳӷҲѾһһ⣬ֹâմӳӷڱγˮãӳǿǿ󵽣ڵޣֵס壬ǱһɽѹƵġ
޵Ѿ˵ڵĳԾ벻ĳ֣Ҳù޷·֪ʲôƵģ˵ãҪˣ
ֵʵʲôѽүүҲҡ
ǡ
Ҫ˵ʲôֵʲô飬ʱ򣬷⣬һǿҵĺڹ˽ڹ⽫ӷڱĽ⣬ָ˿˵ڽ֮䣬γһϰʹĽ⣬ڶʱڣ޷ͻϰȻ
޵һ˫ɫ۾ķǳͬʱھƵһҲ񲻰Ϊƹأ޸
ڹ֣ʹĹ޸ľ˫壬ȫ˿ɹڵ̬ȣ֮ǰǸպ෴֮ǰҪӷ磬ľ˵ӷ磬ڣ˵ĵһ仰ǡ
ɣҲСС椶ǣţϽɣٲߣǶҪ
ֵһĪı鿴ŹޣֻħޣҲ̫С˵ɡ
ȴ룬֪һԽ˾żļƷħޣҲһ˴ǰںΪѾһ֮£֮ˣδйľٶ
ù˵ĻǾ֤ղǵڹˣǵ֮

ĵһľȻͲὫ޸ˣһ֣ڣͳһǿҵ⣬Χ䷿ľظ裬й޸ֵ㣬ȫǱƵģң˼룬ҲȻ޴棬ȫ˵ϡ
ӷ类۾ֱӸǰ۾˫۾ɳĳӷ磬ӷȴôҲ۾ǽñڵò
ӷ磬λɣң϶Ϊһɡ
ļһ㣬ңƾʲôΪһ壬Ҹһ㶼졣
Ҿ㣬ңעģԶı䲻ˡ
ӷ磬ǧŻˣֻҪԼԸ⣬ǲܸġϴĿ
ٴηһҪӷȥȴˣ۾˫һ⣬͸֮ǰ۷֮սʱĽһȴӷ˫۵ģǽӷˣڽ֮С
ӷͻȻԼ岻ԼˣͬʱԼ˼άҲԼˣȫ۾סˡ
ӷ磬ɣҺɣǽư档
ӷھ˰㣬ƾ۾ơ
壬Ǻɡ
ӷ磬־ȥˣǧҪơ
Щӷǲģ۾˷Ц޲ߣ˵Ľ˸㣬Ͳƶġ
ڹⱦͻȻƬڳ֣漴ģҲƬռ䡣
ڰƻֳ

ڹⱦͻȻת䣬Ӻڹ⣬תΪ˽⣬ڹⱦҲ˽ⱦǿҵĽ˽ϣҲڴ˿̣ȫת䣬һ۾ˣΪ˺۾ˣŸԪҲΪ۾ɫת䣬Ϊ˺Ԫ
˾Ȼ˴󵨣
תɺ۵ľŭʡ
תΪⱦڵŮȴһЦ˵ףıˣԭڰƻ񡣡
㵽ʲôˣΪʲô֪ҵݣ
㣬㲻Ҫ֪Ҫӷ壬ɾΣ㻹Ρ
Ƭ֮ڣ˻֪Һڰƻ㵽ʲôˣ
ⱦڵŮ˵Ҳ֪ǺڰƻͬʱҲ֪һλǹǶλǲ񷶦Ļ
֪Ļ治٣ҾͲˡ
ɱң㻹첻ɣվﲻҲɱҡǣӷ塣
Ҳ֪治ѽôֹҵģ
ûҲҪֹ㣬ͬʱҲҪֹӷ硣ͬһսϵģӦò᲻ܰɣ
˵Ȼ֪ݣҲӦ֪Ҹڰƻͬһ޷һҲ޷ңЩ£֮ǰˣοڡ
ҽֻӷ뿪ǲõĻڱ֮£Ҳֻɱ˳ӷˡӦֻ֪Ҫӷһ񷶦Ҳ֮ʧǶλͬʧ
Ѿͷ֪˵ÿһ仰顣
ҵȻ֪Ƕλ֮񣬵ΪƬδҲòȻǻһڣǾǣȥƬ棬ѾҪǶλˡ
˫ĶԻ˶ɵˡ
֮ˣ֮ôܣ֮񣬲Ѿôӷ壬ǳӷ֮ʲôô


1242 ƽʿδ
֮ȻطȻӷԼ֪⵽һʲôطĿ֪ģԼ˸ڳӷľУɳӷľͳ磬˵һռ䣬Լ֮⣬֮񣬾ȻҲڳӷľһ¾ͳ
֮ǳȴڣô꣬δǴӲͬĵط˵֮ˡ
һĴ˵Ƭ棬֮ͳģȴû֪ƬУ״Ŷ֮ǶһЩôĴڡû뵽죬ٵĺӾްҹǰԼõĽ죬Լ֮
ĿѾڰƻסĳӷ磬תͷһǹ񣬾һٸӣҲǲ벻֮ΪʲôڳӷľѵӷʲôϵɣûϵĻΪʲôõ֮񣬶Ҫӷ壬ӷǳҵļ̳ˣҸ֮Ǿ̫СˣڳӷϣʲôԼ֪ܣ
ѾɺڹתΪıڣŮ˵Ӱ֮ǰӵ˳Žⱦмλóһź󣬳ĿһƽףӽⱦڣƳ
ϡ棬ԼҲУ־ǧƳףȻȲҵսףһˡ
ڣӽⱦƳ⸱ƽףɱͨҪţĶ࣬ͬλãԶ˿˿⣬Щ⣬·ԶʧƵģ׵ǰͷޣͷҲΪƽ룬ֽŲλΪ޽ţһѾ޴ĶҲǻƽɫģǽһѳߣһû˿Ļƽ޳ߡ
˵ٵĺӾްҹ֮ǰѾʶˣĴδʵò֮ڣ죬һ뿪ʽ֣ӣ֮սһսˣ
֮ս⵨ӣҲ̫˵ɡ
ķһ룬ٵĺӾްҹɲһŮˣҲȷŸ֮Կʱ
ģȻѾֳǴڿʼԳΪδ
δսٵĺӾްҹս𣡳ĵתţںҲûһսѽռδǺӾްҹӣӦòǺˣǴطģΪÿһκĵۻʣӾްҹڣȢӣǺĹ壬δںһ࣬˵ڵʱĺ˺Ӿްҹ֮⣬ûˣ֪ĴڣҲΪʲôĻ󣬲ٿһˣ
ڰƻǴӽתΪڹ۾׵Ľδ˵ƽսףԭǻƽʿֲˡ
δͷͬòӦһߵһװ֮䣬ҲӦ÷ǳãĻӦǸŮ֮µԵ˿¡
ƽʿ˵Ƭػ֮һӵžԵȲʥʿǿ󣬵ƽʿȻʿ֮ʿ֮ǰǾ˵ƽʿҲһţ
ڰƻӦúڵ㣬ûʵһսϷ˳ӷ磬ұ֤һҷӡڲ񷶦֮ڵĻǽ飬Ҿ͵û֮Ҳ𡣡
ƽʿΪƽʿĽǴ۽ˣ֮񶼿ɱưԻ̫ܣ
ڰƻһЦЦƬռ䣬ӷҲʱ΢˹ǰһƬģ
㡭˭
ӷպÿ׵Ľδȴ
ӷ磬ϻָ־ٱסĻңҲȲ㡣
ӷصҡ˼ͷֻоһκģѾ˵ϡ
ڰƻӷѾ˹ȥһǾ͵ֱԼĿơ
ۿܸӷˣû뵽һƽʿͻɱ˳ĺڰƻ񹦿һúڰƻŭ
ƽʿΣԼʹֻǸ߶ѣƾʲôҶ
ûƽʿʥʿȷػߣػģƬ棬ڰƻˣȴǱǣҪʲôкƬ֮ǰǸƷ뵱ʱڰƻΥ淨ǿиΪ壬໥֮Ϊжԣ˹ԪظڰԪɣÿһ磬ʹĵʱ֮ڣԴ߸ڰԴ߲ͣɱڰƻ񻹲ŪĺڰеаͳһԼ޷սʤʿǵʱʥʿƽʿʱֹӡڲ񷶦֮ڣڰ֮ɱĻҲƬˡ
ѽǾԵѽû뵽Ȼ飬ԪظڰԪأλ֮ģҲ˵ԴߵѽʿҲǺڰƻͳģһԼ޷սʤĴڣʵ̫˳Ծˣ
ڶȥˣ»ϸڡ
˰죬ԭӷõĲ񷶦Ȼķӡ֮ıѽһ֮񶼿ԷӡıҲ̫̬˰ɣǴʲôطģ
ڰƻ˵ֻֽĻƽʿôܻ֪ǵ顣˵㵽ʲôˣ
ʲô˲ҪҲҪô֪ЩĲ֮صģֻҪ֪Ļûӷ֮ǰҾһɱ㡣
˵˵ȥҪӷ壬ǿ󣬲ܳΪ֮ӷ磬Ǹѽ
ڶʼˣδ˵Ĳ񷶦ڳӷѹ֣֮ΪʲôڳӷľˣӷʿĻǲ̫ɺ˵㡣ڣڰƻ񣬶Ҫӷ壬Ҳ˵ֻиӷ壬ܰǽ⿪ӡ뿪񷶦ΪʲôеһУȫڳӷһ˵ϣ
治֪˭Ҫ⿪ӡˣͷʹѽ
δ˵֮£Ӱ쵽ԣұ뽫񷶦ԶķӡڳӷڣҲ˵Ҫǵķӡ֮ϣһӡԶܳ˷ˡ
ҡ
ǻƽʿʲôҵġڰƻ񣬹ǾֻȻǾɡ
δĻƽ޳УȻǰһһͳߣ˫һϣһӡ
ʱɣ֮ڽʧƬռҲڽʧ
ģʲôжҶ٣һ֮޷Զӡڳӷڡ
Ĳ˵ȫ˳ڰƻʧǰǿ̴󺰵֪ʲôˣֻһ˲֪еһУǡ
Ƶ귿ڣӷǵڵϣľȫʯͷƵġ
δĳ˷ڣһ仰Ҳ˵һֱŽδ
ڽ鷳ˣƬ棬ҵˡ
һʵ֮ǰ˵ʲôĩգȫǼٵģĿģǳˣư棿
һ棬һǼ١ĩ棬ڣҲܻʲôĩյĳˣǺڰƻܴӳӷܳҸӷ塣Ҫ磬ȻǼٵģܽԶӡסǾֻһҶԿˣֻҪʧ棬˭ΪС
ӷأ
ӷˣڰƻȻٴγ֣û˳ӷ磬ҲҵĶ֡
ȻˣΪʲôֱɱ˳ӷ磬֮񣿡
Ҫ̫ˣ֮񣬲ɱ˳ӷ磬Ǿͻϵ֮Ǹʱ񣬽棬ҲûʲôˡֻҪӷ粻Ҿû˺֮ǣҪʵҵ԰ҹµĳŵƬ档
δųģ˵ڿʼҵˣĺôҲٲġòҪʲôԾ³ܲҡ
һ·𣿡
ǾͺáھͿȫȨңռƻаɣǱߣҲͰźˣֻҪӷŪȥǾǳɹĵһ
Ǹʱ򣬳ӷ罫ԶںزҲˡߣ;ȫ۱ƽٴɱ֮⣬˳߲
˵ģҵ֪ˣȥɣһҪڳӷ϶ֽţǰȻһеļƻвͨ
ĵ˵ͷ߳˷䡣
δŵڵϵĳӷ磬̾˿ҹΪʲôΪʲôҪʾ¼ӷ磬ѵ㲻ͬһ𣿲ûϵֻҪģҾһ㿹͵µʾ¼İɡϣҰҵɹ죬ҵ㣬㲻ңҲ֪㵽תΪ˭
ԭδӾްҹŮˣ֪ӾްҹתΪʲôˣֲðնԳӷߵ֣ӾްҹתΪ˳ӷߵһԼɱԼˣԼһУȫΪѽ


1243 
Ƶ֮⣬Խôöûһ㶯ԵʮֵƽԽӵĲ
ԼĶھƵڣԼõϢǾƵڷʲôرƵģԼĶֱһͨˣһʲô⣬Լĸ׵Ļòûˡ
޷͵֮£ԽѾеľӣƵȫΧɳӵļ֣ҪƵ꣬ӷȳ
ү˵죬Ŀǰ֪ƵڵǸʲôðȻжĻ»ӷв
֣ҵȲˣӷڵʲô˶ԶԸĳô࣬ˣӷɾ͡
Ҫ˽Ҳʲô˶СǼء
׳ȫˡ
ܺãʮӵĸˣھǣƵ꣬Ȳ鿴һ¾ƵڵǧҪסƵڿ󲻵ĸִڣһ֣ҪǶ֣˵˵ǣôӦ
ǣ׳ͽ
Խ˵ӷİȫΪҪ
׳ģ֪ô죬Ķܵ˺ġ
ھƵĴ֮ϣ̫׸һѾҲûнƵ꣬ϾھƵڷʲô£ǻ֪Ӳ֪£ǲŮŵģ˵ĻԼֱӳȥܾͻỵŮ洵ļƻ
֪һΣӷ᲻
һͷëʵ
̫׿Цһжϣӷѽϴε۷֮ս磬ɳ˺öǿ½磬ɵ󣬾Ůﶼ½ˣɱ˳ӷ硣
ϴΪ·ͻ䣬˭֪ӷͻȻһг۳֣Ȼ񣬿¶鷳˵ŮǸŮˣʲôϵǸŮ˵ƲŮ֮¡
˵Ҳǳҵˡ
ɣŮﲻҪԸΪʲô
Щ²Ӧ֪ģǲöʣȻǿܾͻΪڶˡ
ͬʱ̾˵ۣʵ̫ϧˣƽ۶ԼЩҲǳãʱʱָһԼΪϵĽչ˵ŷˡû뵽Ů洸һۿ˵ӷǰ۵Ĵߣÿһ񶼿ĳŮֻҪɱһٰˣΪһ¡
̫ףӷ⿪˷ӡǿɲĶ֡㿴ǲҪߡ
õģӷ⿪˷ӡһһʱ֮ԴԲʱ䱻ӡɵһЩ˵ġȻΧһ֮ԴҲûоǾ˵ӷķӡûн⿪ӣ޲ûƭǣѾصɽȥˣҲˣֻҪ޲ӷ磬ǳӷԶܽ⿪ӡ
ʱƵ֮ڣӷӰѾ֡
ʮҪƵ꣬ȴֳӷѾӾƵ˳ǳӷһˣûˡ
ǧֹӷƽȫ˹ȥ
û°ɣ
ӷҡҡͷЦûʲô󰭡
Ƿӡ
ӷǿЦһ˵ʧˡ
ʧܣô
õģһǱסģֻҪڣһнпܡ
ǰʵӷ磬浽ʲô
̷鷳ˡѾûˣԽ˳ˡ
ʲôûˣ
ôɣһ仰⼸ȫǵľӣȫ˹ʲôҲû˵һ԰˸ˣ˵ʲôѽ
үǼӷ߳Ƶ꣬Ҳȫ˹һһһȥģĳӷʵڲôشҲֻװһ岻ӣֱӻؼȥˡ
ԭأÿһֶ˾Ƶ꣬Ƶڣûʲô
ҲֻǧֹǼӰӲ֪ղŵ飬жôΣգޣѾˣֵ㣬ƻھƵӦ֪ôô뿪Ƶ꣬κ˷֡
ľظ˲Զһ䣬˶Ŵҡ뿪ĳӷ磬ʵľأղŵ׷ʲô£ΪʲôһӦѾھƵˣ
ľҲĪ֪ĳֹģȴ֪ΪʲôҪԼסӷû˵ûжɱӷ硣
ңҲ֪ô£
䣬ľصĶͻȻһǳĵ
׼ȫԸۡ
⻰ľ˶һ㶣һҲʼ
ɣӷ綼ûɱôֱӶԸˣһٶȣҲ̫˰ɡ
ΪҪԸǿˣľؿɲ˿ĵ˵м£ˡ
ľأǵ黹û꣬ӷ绹ûȥʲôط
ȥʲôط㲻ùܣ̳¾ͿˡҿԱֻ֤֮ҪǸˣɱӷ硣


1244 ʮŵ
Խ켸˻صʱͼѾͷԺƣе飬ѾͷһϵûƵģҲ֪ʲô£˸Ӳǡ
ѾͷûУԽʵ
ˣıչȥˣǽȥǾֻдĥʱˡ
Сƨѧã֪档ϽȥҪҵˣûϴѧôǡ
Խ춪һ仰Ҫȥҳӷ磬֮ǰھƵȴүӸסˡ
ӷһ˾ɣƵ飬ܶ˵һǻ£ҲǺ£Ӧúܷա
Ȼ˶ѾƽˣԽҲͷ֮飬͵ȹٰŰɣӷѾǸͨˣ޷ӹܳˣֻҪھǣͿԱ֤İȫպǰ;
ڣӷڵǰھƵ飬ԼʱȻǻ˹ȥһУӷ綼ǵķǳ
֮û뵽񷶦ȻǷӡ֮ı֮񣬸񷶦ڶӡҵڣǹùˣҵʲôʱɱ˵ļˣ
ӷƣڼǵĵʱ飬Լڻ֮Уδ֮˵ÿһ仰ӷ綼ĺ֮󣬽δļƻӷȴûҲ֪
ƽʿǸŮˣǻƽʿָߵôѵǡӾްҹ
ȻδļƻûȻҲ֪ǸƽʿδǸðĺӾްҹǺӾްҹŮˡ
һƽʿóĲĳǿߣͲҪٶˣǸŮˣǳӷΪԼĵˣҲǸڱٿһеĵˣԼʹʮļһ
ӾްҹڳˣǽҾ͸ú档
ӷ絥һһŻ棬˳ӷС
˿̣ӷҲڻ֮ǰ˰ԼӡḶ́Ǹʱ򣬼ȻѾ˶ԷǺӾްҹǳӷȻҲ֪Լ϶ֽţܶԷôԼӡԼһĵֿڶԷҲӲ󣬳ӷѪԷڣʹĶԷΪǳ۵ķӡ̫ӣһԾȫ⿪ͽ˳ӷڣҳӷ磬ȻУҲ׿˵ģӷĺ
ڻؼ֮ǰӷȷǸͨˣӡûб⿪ڻؼ֮İСʱת䣬ӷýδԼڵٽѪ֮ǰѾ֪ôȥҪԼӡģʹĳӷڶ̶̵İСʱڣýδԼѪӡȫˣͬʱδӡΪһ壬һʥʿһǻƽʿټԼѪΪһӣڳӷ罫ӡʱڵʱѪҲڲϵǡ
ԭ˵ӷ粻ǿԽӡ׳۸δתΪԼңΪҲԾԵĴƷľ磬Ʒľ磬ӷȴܿΪһҪΪͱضҪ֮Դ͵ڸˣԼøˡ
ӷɲɵȻ˶ΪѾǸͨˣҾͨǿͨı󣬽˵һ㡣
Ҫ취Ϊͬʱֲܱκ˷֡ѾǹؼʱˣеĵˣΪұˣʱתͷɱһǹĻ˵һʤ㡣
뵽⣬ӷҪǧֹǼгǰ취ϾǶԼߣղ飬Ҳȫۿˡ
ɳӷ绹˼˼ĲǼðĺӾްҹǱӡԼڵ֮
Ͼ񷶦ǳӷ̣ڣԼķӡǻˣ񷶦ǸðĺӾްҹҲǽδӡԼҲʹò񷶦ˣûǴ͵ԼҪɱһǹʵ̫ð˵㣡
ڳӷҿ֮ʱͻȻһһɫ׵磬ʣУһ޴Ŀӣӣͨˣǿģ׵磬ҲǷǳ֡
ӷӵǰȻ򿪣ʡ

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1245 Ǭ
ڵϻŮΪĴźӾްҹҲǽδһжĵġ
ΪŮ洱Ͼһ񣬳ҲЩȨ飬һ磬ͽǸԼˣκ£Ķ֡
Ĵţڴ˿̳׳ȫ֮ڣŮ洸̨ͬһô磬ȴŮò˵ЩνĵȫЩѽ
Ĵ֮⴫һǿҵĺڹ⣬漴һɫ׵ˣ֮⣬ûκ赲֮£˽ͷģһʮҵˣ׶ߣҲʮֿ࣬ףɱΪεġ
òȽϿֲĺ룬۾ϵĻкụ̈򣬴ˣǬ֮Ǭ
Զʱڵǳʢ֮УǬͳ䵱һͷĽɫ˶ʢ磬ҡÿһ綼֪Ǭһ壬Ҳǻ֮ڵĴ֮һǰƽƽΪڵĳѾ˺Գɳ壬Ȼܸǰǰ㣬ƽƽˡ
Ǭôϵϵǵڣû֪ǳң֪
ǬǬǿߣȫ˵磬ǰδй飬һҲ̼䣬ģĻᶼûУ
һΣǱ߻ûжҲ϶֪Ǭ֪ˣϵǬģŮ洣ǬԶʱڵͷϵϵġ
˭Ҳ֪Ǳߵʲôʲô㣡
ǬǬǿߣԼһǧˣȫۼ֮ϣɼ֮Ѿˡ
Ů洣ǿǺþòˡ
ǬЦŮ֮ĶԹҲ·һЦΪ˹̡
ŮȴǬ֮ԻˣǶΪӾްҹĹϵԼ˵ĻǬǲͬġ
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û֮ǰһڵģΪһᱻеĵ˷ֵģȻȫǿߣ֮Դ˭ںôһ֮Դ
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ӷһһǿĳӷڱ˷ȥʹĺԺǽڣ͵ˣҲԣʿûзӳһ㣡
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ȻˣҲֻһˡĳ֣ΪѪںϣڣҾֱӽҵѪҿ㻹ô֡
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ֵָǣѪ뿪ӷ󣬿ٵĻָԭӣѪࡣ
ȻˣֻҪѪʿͲˣҪѪ֮ĻǾֻðգʿųˡڣڻҪѪһҪˣҲһͷʱܽ񷶦⣬ʹ֮ΪõĻͳʿĺڰƻ񶼵вʿӦ֪ôסʿʱͳʿɱ𡣡


1246 ʼּ
ȻѪ͵ڽʿѹǳӷҲûʱȥ̫ˣѪԼպ뵽ʿķٽѪɡ
ȻӷҲҪʿǿɲǼ򵥵飬ԼһУҪ鷳һԼܹʿĻǾ͵ӵ˸׳ǵʥʿƽʿƽƽˡ
ڣӷһֲԤУǬʱͬʱʮŵһɳרɴ˶ʢӣߣԣǱߣǳ˳ģҪԼŪȥˣɳɴԼԼߣʱܲͬ𣬸ճĳѵú˵ԼߵС
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ӷߵӰ֣ˣǳӷؾյ߸ӰӣӷΪɱһɱߣһУֻΪɱ¾
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Ǻãھȥһǿ߰ɡһͺˣҪս
߸Ӱ뿪֮󣬳ӷ̽ڵûѪƷľ磬˺ҲԱġ

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˵Щ֤Ԥ֪δ֮ˣǽδһĺӾްҹҲԤ֪δּ


1247 
Ů洸Ǭǿ߸Ǭǿ֮߳У棬ǿߣҲȫˡ
ôСආѳ۸г
ǬһΧȫ𿪣ΪʥƷ磡
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û뵽ԽԽǿˣ˰ٺˣȻȫʥƷǿߡ
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ӷ磬ô㣿㲻Ѿ𣡡
ǣûʸ˵ɡ
ɱһȫļǿߣӷȻ䣬ȫͷ֮ϣһԲȦ֣ǿ֮ԴԲȦͷų
һǿ߿ӷͷϳֵԲȦ˵ãǶƭˣӷķӡѾ⿪ˣڣҪΪֹ
Ķңҹɡ
ɱһҪӷǿ߸סȥ·һѴ󵶣ֱӳ˹ȥ
˿̵ĳӷѾʼ֮ԴˣΪΧв֮Դɢκ֪طҪ
ĳ޸գ˵ڵ磬ӷߣֻƷľˣǸǻҪӷԼˣû˰ޣߣڸȥҳӷδˣ
һУӴ˿̿ʼ


1248 Ʒ
ϿеսѾ뵽˰Ȼ߸ӰĸǿߣΪƷľ磬ҪӲսĻ·һ
ڣ߸ӰӵĿĲҪĸǿսֻҪƬɢǿ֮ԴͿˣӷҲͿ֪ĽΪƷľ硣
ǣӷٶһҪ죬Ϊ߸ӰӵΪĸǿ׶ΣǴһǹһطзأֻҪǿǵ·߸ӰӾֻеķˡ
ӷǼһȻƭȫ磬ķӡѾ⿪ˣңڻҪһҪֹ
ûС̫ɶˣϴ۷֮սɱô񣬾޶ĻһΪǿĵˡ
ʲôΪǿĵˣӷ粻ǿʱҲжд̣
ĸһԳӷ߸ӰӣѾǵ·Ƿʱˡ
ͬʱ֮еĳӷȫʢе⣬ȫ˳ͷϵԲȦѾʼ仯ԲȦ֮ڣԿһƬСС棬һƬССǳǿ֮ԴͨԲȦ˳ӷȫ
ڵ֮Դǿ󣬵ΪӷԼԼѪ˳ûѪ£յ֮ԴȻûǰǰǿ󣬶ңҲһǰ㣬֮Դʱ䳤á
һӲӣӷͷϵԲȦʧˣͬһƵģĹرš
ӷڵ֮Դûв񷶦ûѪӵе֮ԴӵǿϵҲڽӷڡ
ӷȻһǿΧȫɢˣ˻Ϊһ⣬ɱһǱ߳˹ȥ
ɱһ˱ĸļһǱƽ·ڱ˵Ƿˣ·ûˡ
֪Сɡ
ĸһһγһ򣬳Ѿڵһɱһ˳˹ȥͬһС͵ʯ㣬һյƿ֮ʱɱһˣ
»
ĸļһͬʱЦֻҪǰ߸һ𣬽ţǳӷˡ
ڴ˿̣ͻȻһֱӳ嵽ɱһ˵ǰ⽥ɢȥӷӰ֡

ɱһ˵ͱӷֹסˡ
Ѿ嵽˳ӷǰӷ絥ǰһӣһ̫ͼΣ򣬾˳ӷǰһҲˡ
ӷʳָһ㣬˳ӷϷ
ĸļһȫɵۣԼĴӳ̩ɽҲԻһ룬û뵽ӷһָͷͽԼϷӳסˡ
ãƷ
ĸļһȥû뵽ӷõʱȻôΣԼĻҪһҪչصģԽʱ䷽ԽãͬʱٵҲԽ󣬸㲻þͻ߻ħ֮أǿߣʥǿߣҲôˡ
ӷһ䣬׹⣬Ҳ˵ɱ⡣
϶ʱ˸ָžһϷĹӵıǿӷ罫ڵ֮Դɢۼ˹֮ڣʹĹ֮ǰǿһ
ĸƷǿߣ߸ƷǿߡƷֻĸ߳һȴ֮ȥɡ
ĸһֻĿŹ򷴹ԼΪӷڴǸָͬʱǵصѾĸѹסˣһҲˣûѵĻᡣ
ֱӽĸļһڣųӷһָ죬¡һвһǿҵĴը
嫻֮ڣʢ֮УһҾ޴ɴѾĳһεɫ򿿽
ҷɴ붫ʢӵڣûκε谭ֱӳεɫ
ˣϾҪˡ
ɴ֮ڣһмλãΧʮˣȫӣɢƣԣȫʥǿߣΪߵģмߣһʥ۷徳ǿߡ
ĺӣ˵Ͻɴֹͣǳĸݵأûõ֮ͬǰǲܿ
ǣˡ
ɴֹͣǰУһʵˣǲҪֱϵ棿
ȲôڵĵڷսǴ˵
Ǵˣ˵̫Ѿˣһˣ棬ǽ𣿡
һ̫ӣڳ˵Ѿ𲻵κεˡϾǳ̫ӣֻҪǺǾ͵һֻ֣Ҫ̫ҵĳ棬棬Ӧòġ
˵ļҳ棬ɾսˣǸʱ򣬳棬Ͳںκ£κˣΪ˴룬Ϊ˳ĽŲǳԶɽǳۣ֮£Ҳֻӷˡ


1249 ҵ
ׯ԰
һСʱ֮ǰϵҲ֪ǱߵķɴѾ˵ĲԶûõԼҵ֮ͬǰǲҹģϾг޵еĴ򣬷ֽĺûκһ֣˵֮ڣֻҪЩ֮񲻳֣޵еĴڡ
οǷѾĻˣ֪ӷӡҲ֪߲ȥһʧȥһļ̳ˣͬʱҲ֪ӷʧɢʮ꣬ӣ㲻Ҳܵ˺Ծ˷ɴӷȥ
Զɽһ˲裬ѾչزǱҲԼӣԼ߶ͬóӷȥĻºҪҽڣʢˡǸʱгԺ˵ԼҲǳԿһˣܱסˣ
֣Ŀǰ˵ǬѾŮˣŮҲʽΪ˺һӣҾ£Ѳ˸ϵ
һģֳ̫ķˣĵģǳı֮ˡ
Ӿްҹ
ûһеһУûƴĻȫǺӾްҹѾƺ˵ġʵ벻ͨȻӾްҹҰ֮ΪʲôǶӷһˣӷڵӡӾްҹҲûӷ磬ѾҵҲΪʵ
ܣӾްҹһεĿ꣬Ѿӷϣתҵˡ˵ֻӷ絽˺аնԸҡ
ӷĸףӷȥȥɡ
붼û룬˵ȥΪʲôȥֻҪڵһ죬ӷΪ˺ʣҲҶӷôֻҪȵʱҳܳưԻӷͿԻ
ǽǱߣָô
˵ӷչȥ˰ɣҪӷ»ָ
Ҳֻˡһս˲ҪսŮ洸ǬֻϷˣҪеľζԸϡ
ףҲ˶á
ӷڵô
֪ӦھǰɣѾ˽ȥˣӷʲôʲôùܡ
˿̣˽˵үӣ£̫
ȳ˵Զɽʵӷôˣ
̫Ѿ뿪˾ǡ
ʲôڵһ뿪ǣΣյġȥʲôط
ϣ
ϣ˶ˣ
߸
أ
ȫϾ
Զɽһ£Сӣʲô
˵ԣҪɱϣߣǱ߷ֲʱ¡
СǲǷˣʹ߸ˣԼûôõ
˵̫߸ˣȫƷǿߡ
ԶɽŶʲôʱ߸𾳽ǿˣ
֣ӦؾʱյġȻŮǱ޷߸ǿ߱ӷӦòµģͷİɡ
ţҪԷһԯ̸ϣӷҪ֣ǾٰһѣҲһˣ
˵үӣ̫εİţе֡
Ŷʲôֵģ˵˵
˵̫ڵ״ҪɱϣҲҪһȥ̫ӳֻ֮⣬еۼϾɵ̫Ǳߣˣӽȫֻ̫һ˵еǡ
ʲôԶɽʵ
һ۳ۣ仰˵
̾˿˵ӷѾ֪ǵ˼ֱ֮ԣΪ֪һǰǾǾһ
ǿ⺢ˣʮ޸ĸò׵õеһУµȨΪ壬ò
˶٣Զɽ˵ۣҸʱ䣬֮ڣʲôĻ嫣Ȼӷ硣ڣȥ˵һ֮ǻὫӷ͹ȥġ
˵үӣ̫˵һȥֻҪǵֱɹȥͿˣù
ʱͬաʱӷӵһУϵţȻὫأѾʧȥеΪһͨˣôǰںָô棡
ˣѡ֣̫ͬǰ
̺󣬳ԶɽʵӷȻ֪ǵ뷨ѾеİţΪʲôʱҪȥϣ
ҲֻԸɣϾӦӢۣԼҼֵܵĳʮǰЩ˵ĳһᱨģ
Զɽ˿˵ˣȥæİɣоһ¾ĵ伮˵ҵʵѹסʿķҲҪӡӷ
ʧ˴ڡ
Զɽ·ԶԼĽ£ôߣܲͻǰѹأҪԼӷ磬үүģүүΪһˣҳٲ֮أ򲻵ʱүүҲֻˣ


1250 ɱ
ϣòϣȷһĵطֻϧϣңУͽɱ¾ǣѪζˣ
һƬ󺣣Χܶο͵ɳ̲ˣţΧСҲʮ֮ࡣ
һĵط֮⣬ҲһǳֵĵطϣǾһҪƬ󺣣򣬾͵ûϣһ
߸֪ʲôطɣӷ˫ۿƬ󺣣Ҳֻڣűֵĺ󣬾Ѫȡ
߸ӰûڳӷΧȻѾȷϣĿģǾûҪˣǱϣ˷Σˣʹһ·ɱϣ
ؾΪаĵطҪϺܶࡣ
ӷЦһӣɱһǶޣѾˡ
Ϊ麣źܶĴ˵
ǾͽĴ˵ͳͳһجΰɣ
ӷ˵ԵĻҲϾ⽫絽һվһ֮ǰҪ±ʱʵѪȣʵԸġ
ҪȥʲôطǸһȥɣɱʵ
˵ԼҪ֮ǰԸȥͿˡ磬ҪģԲڡϣܶһʱ䣬͵ʱڣңеˣһηǳʹľ·ϣҲܶˣǵˣҵڣǴҶܼǿĽ·꣬ߵףǱ˵һ磬֮ڣ֮ڣǵĽӡ
˶٣ӷ̾˿˵ͬģ·ûмˣµǳڡ
ӷ·Ѿ뵽һУԼ뿪磬ǰ֮磬ᷢ츲صı仯ӷȴ벻Լ·̫Զ̫Զ
ȫ˵ǾȣܾҪʲô壬ҲϧġӦǣܽ·ôѣҲһŻ
ӷɱһļЦסǲҵ£ͬʱҲҵֵܣֻҪһһһŻģǸʱ򣬵ߣ
߸ӰӲ˵ӷҲʱľ޴ı仯
ˣʱˣҿɲǷɴϵ˵ȵ̫áڣǰɡ
ϣ˶ѾʼͿˣûˣ۷֮սʱѾ˳ӷ뱨ҲһҪȴ֪ڻǱʱҲ˵ֻҪ۲Զܱ
һоҪǱˣѾǬϣֻҪ˫ܽ۸ǳֻʣһԶɽһ֮סңʱҲǳҵĩա

һ˴ܼܽæ
ʲô£ǲǱϢˣ
绹ڸҴ򣬵ǵˣڳ﷢һˣǳӷ硣
ʲôӷ磬ϣ
Ĵ˿˳ӷ˵ĻҽϣɱȮ
û˳ɾǳӷ硣
ӷ磬㹻ֵģûȥ㣬㵹ˡ˶ˣ
߸
߸˲Ű˸ˣҲϣ
ڸô
Ȼ˶ѾϣһʲôټҲܳӷĿģҲ߸ЩʲôˣҶҪ޻ء
ǣȥ죬һóӷ뿪ϣģû
ϣ׶ŵ䣬һ޴ĵ񣬻һŮ˵ĵϣҲǻŮŵȡ
ӷվŵȵʯҲ˵ǰʱλǻŮǶôĺ棬ڣλǻŮҲΪԼˣĸԸķݣһͨķˣΪģֻΪ
ֻϧڣӷ綼ֻŵһ治֪Ҫȵʲôʱ򣬲ٰ
ѾЩµʱˡ
ϵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳܷ֪ʲôʱʼϵ˽ˣңӷҲѾоǿҵɱӲͬķ򣬳Լӿ
ŮŮĳӷ߿ϵˣҲͬһʱ䣬ȫͣ˽Ų
ɱ죬ɲһܰ쵽ģϳǧˣͬʱɢɱ
ϣԶԶԽ˵ʱ۷֮սϵˣͨħߣʵͲ÷
ϵڶٶԽԽ죬쵽Ҫγư㡣
߸ӰȫΧ˳ӷΧ˫۾Χͣɨţʱ˶չģĽ
ӷӿڴóһл̣ȼһ֧һڣɱ֡
ӷ磬ȻѾϣǾͰȥ
ͬʱӷ߳ǿӷӰӣѾԱ绹Ҫٶȳǳ˹ȥ
գۼ䣬Ӱַص˳ӷǰղųˣؿһը˿ȫ˵ϣǵؿڣ
һµϣǧȫɱʱŵС
ɫĹâϷγɲֲͬɫĹ򣬽ÿһ˵֣ȫһɫʣɫʣʹ˵ʼ
˵ģɱϣȻɱģǾͲƽɱһȸǣٽ
ǣ
סҪ˶֪ҳӷ˵Ļһʵ֡ȫǣħߣͨˣŮ٣ǸճӤһͳͳɱˡ
ʲôǣǽȫǵˣͳͳɱǣɱ


1251 Χ
ӷԾŵȵ֮ϣȥϵΧϣжϵɱлвͨˣһÿӣɶϣڵϵˣ
οǶŵˣֻҪܽеĶģȫ˹
ɱһ˲ԥɱ¾ʱʼÿ˶ſֽţȻҪǣǾʹһ㣬ûҪһзǵһصˣܶ࣬ʬ޴档
߸ӰȺ֮вͣţԷûһ𾳽ǿߣ˵߸ӰӣǵһӰӣԽˣˣʱ۷徳ԯɱձο𾳽ǿߡ
ӷδ֣ҲҪԼֻ֣ɱ֮ǲǳӷ綯֣Ϊ˾ˣΪʮǰЩ˱֮ʱ
ɱһκˣûȥӷӰһһʵȽǿǰһֱֻӴţһĻҲʹĺܶ˶ҿˣͬʱҲףΪʲôӷֻ߸˹飬߸ˣܵеĹԼˡ
ܶڲϵĺˣ˵ĽǱӷɱǱԼɱ
ţ˭һ
Ҳ֪ǲǴͷˣһ䣬ŭ˼㣬۷֮սʱҲвѣڳӷϣҪɱӷ籨ģҲǵһ
ʵһеһУЩһҵģ֪нգֺαص
Ȳ˵ʮǰ飬ǽʱ䣬һΣҳӷ鷳ģرѾӷɱĵ죬˵㱾ֻһ۷ѣ˼ҸʵѾλøˣȴҪȥľػ쵽һ𣬵ͷ·һ
ϴûкҩɳԵģȻѾչһӷ߸ǿɱϣ㲻뱨ҲѾû·ˣ˭ˣ˭ڲȳӷ罫Ϊƽ֮ѵŹЩ֮ˣͳͳҪģһǳӷ羭ߵǾ仰ߣݲİӲݣһӲݳ֣ǾͻþһֶΣеӲݸ
ϣѾѪɺӣʬ壬ѾѻһССɽ壡
վŵ֮ϵĳӷһĻɱɣɱɣ⽫һɱ¾ˣеĵˣͳͳɱ⣬ɱԽԽãֻҪһˣԼ뿪֮ǱߣҲһв
ӷҪϣͬʱҲҪʱ䣬Ǳ߳鲻ʱ䣬ȫΪĲԼǣȰǴһֵ鷳ҲԼΨһİɡ
飬飬顣
ǹը
ӷۿȥһ֧֧ľӣѾ˹Ҳȫ֮ͣ⣬죬ʲôģȫˡ
ģѾŵеΪĹϵὫϣеȫ
ߵɱ¾ҲѾĵĻҲ˲ͣĻر
ӷ߸ˣʵ̫̬ˡ߸㽫ϣеȫǵĶѽ
ʲôôܻ¡ѵ
ûľش᲻֪֪ľ֮ϣиߵľ硣
ǿߣѵǿߣ
ǾԵסӷġ⻹һº֡
ʲô˵
ǳӷ籾һԾŵȵ֮ϣӣҲǸѽ
⻰˶еˡ
ûŵȵжߣĺͨ˵Ļôһ¾ֱŵȵ֮ϡ
ѵǼٵģǱľظƭˣӷûбϣ
˳ҿ֪ͨ˹ɣٲԮĻƵȳӷɱǾԶסġ
˹ҿսֲ֪˹ʲôطôȥҡ
Ǿͽл԰͢ȫҪѽˣˣ
Ҳԥʲô˵֪ͨ͢Ǽ棬ߵǣϸϹԮǡǵ˵ϣʧݵĻӷһĿ꣬ǡ
ǣϵ
һӵӣر˼еͨѶȫûˡ
ʲôôϵһ棡
ҲϵϣͨѶ˾棬ڿˣڱ˵ǣƾȫµͨѶûˡ
һǳӷĹǸʧȥϵһȱҲ
ڸô죿
ô죬ȻҲԮֻܿԼˡصȫۼӷ߸ǿߣҲҪսף
ŵѾ׸ϵȻǳӷɵģҪ޷ȱΪԼҪȥĵطγǡ
ϣΧӷ磬ʵϣǳӷ罫ŵǸΧһ˼Χǡ


1252 ɱ
ʵһǿ˵Ǽֱڸץʹͦġ
ŵľӸӵһСɱһ˵ϣȴû߸Ӱ˿ĺˣһӵȫԼ˵ϣǹըȡ˺ܶϣ˵
վŵ֮ϵĳӷ翴صʬ壬ͬŴս㣬ŻȳζʱѧйʷصǸʱʮգҲ˰ɣ
ǣֻһ䣬һϡ
죬Ҫţ˵ڵĻȴʣ˭ŷ㣡
ڳ˵ͲҪκ˵ŷֻҪͿˡǰĳӷ磬ҲҪŷԼ˵ķֻ֣һǾˣһɱˣҾ㣬ҪΪҰ£㲻ǾҪΪҰ¡
ڣӷҲ벻ôˣֻΪպ鷳һ㣬ҲΪǳһֵĵˣӷڣҲҪԼҪˣһԼ֣ͻŷɥĸоǸоһʵ
ŵȵϷ˫Ųûֱأվһ˵ļϣͷȻһתͬ˵ͷһ˵ϣͷ­ӷ˽¡
ʣЩŵˣҲѾˣټӷֶΣ֮ǰԳӷһˣŵ˾Ѿĳ嶯ˣҲ֪ҥԲţһˣǾͻзǳҵ³
ڣѾˣֻһĳ·Ľѡ
ӷһֻ΢΢ɱʱֹͣ
˿̣ڳӷĶ棬ԼһٶѾˣûκһ˸ٽʲôһ֮ƨ
ǻվڣҸ·
һٶ⻰ٴ㣬ÿһˣȫ˵ϡ
ӣе飬ûϵѽǵĽǸɵġ
ϣͬ񻰰Ĵڣû뵽ͷͨˣûκεķֱҲرڼʶ˳ӷֶκ󣬾͸ˣȻڳӷֻɱһˣֶԼϣǵ룬Ѿʹˡ
ӷ粻ˣҲûǸҪ
ǵ·һɱڶҵ˶֣Ϊû֮ǰұɱ䡣
ӷͬķѩ㣬ÿһ˵ÿһ˵ģ䡣
ӣûл·ˣû·Ҳûһ˴ڶԷ
ȻѾֵزҲûʲô˵ˡֻ֣Լ
ӷ翴˵ˣ˵ӣҲǸˡûҪֻ֣ܹԼѡ˶飬ͲӦü⹷ƨ
ٶһ仰Ҳٶ˵ͬʱһֻ־𣬾ԵĶͷݺݵĴȥ
ô׳۵һĻѽٶ˼ɱôЩӰڣһȺʿй¶ݣûֻ֮򱻵зץ֮ɱ
ʵ֤ӰֵЩڣС˵ֵЩڣҲδض鹹ģĳдְ㣬дĺܶණʵģߣߵͬʱǰľʣдֽʲôšŶˣǽйٷ磡
ɱһǼȥǣǱߣԶ֡
߸Ӱվһţͬʱͷ漴ȥ
ӷ̤ʬѪÿ߳һڵһѪӡ
ιǣɱأ
ǰ·ϣһԳӷʵһµӤ
һйˣͲʮ
ӷ˵ͷ˵տʼΣգعȥɡ
ǣǴŸŮϣεģյһ죬ͷ顣ѽֻܻعȥˡ
򲻵Ʊҽмֱһӡ
Ҫ򼸸֣ɻˡ
ŶǸʲôģ
дС˵ģѽ챻ⲻŮ£žͽҴĸŮ棡
ѽʲô
ٷ磬ʶҵˣٸʵǴүš
ԭһУСӰŵġˣѽõɣһҪɱء
㰲ˣOKġˣɱˣҵĻعȥˡ
һСδڶ㣬ֱˣ
ӷûκεĲңΪӷҪԼ˫ȾѪȡ
ڣѾһɫףףֵܲǮ
ˣӷѾɱˣ
ʲôô죬أ
ȫȫˣ
ĳӷ磬ҾҪʬ嶼
棬桭
ǲѾɱſˣ
ǵġ

ͳӷһˣ߸ˣȫǵطɱȥˣǣǴԵǡ
ܲôˣȻӷѾɱſˣҾȥٷˣ׻װʲôʱ򡣡
ȫۼ˴֮ڣĴŽգǽ֮ϵȫ׼˹׼ӭӳӷġ


1253 Ȯ1
ϣһﱤΧΧһŸ߸ߵĳǽǽǳҲǹϣʱΪֹġЩϣѾǿˣʮǰʮǰ֮⣬δκˣֱɱҲʹǽЩδǽйκε޽ھûн޽ĳǽʮּӲģͨˣͲܹ
ǽ֮ϣĹѾ׼ǧļʱͬһʱȥЩͬʵϣѷڳӷ޵ֻϣͲгӷ޵ǰǿˣ
ĸļ֣˳ǽȫվſ֮ϣ棬ӷӰѾ
·ϣûκεʬ壬Ϊûκ֮˵ɱģΪڣڽһɱ
̴ӳڵĲͬ𣬵ķۿȥͬʱ˲ϵĲҽȴκεɱɼɱߵǼٵģɱߵŵˡ
ӷҲ̫쵰ˣȻɱŵУ
һҧгݣԼȫֻҪӷδδӲĳǽԼ˾ͲΣա
ųӷĿǽһ˫۾ȫע˳ӷһ˵ϣԳӷ״̬˵νķˣƭˣӣǱˣǰһţ֪Ժη
żɣһȳӷ翿治֪ʹʲôֶΡ
·ˣ˿̶η壬Ͼ֪ˣʶ۷֮սʱһĻӷһˣһ˰õĿ´ڣһַʱı仯ԼЩˣֵĻᶼûС
Ľһֻ־һ㶼ҷż
ৣৣৡ
ļͬʱӷȥǼ϶£Ҫгӷ硣
ӷ粻æûҪ㿪ô߹ģôĴſеļȫ˵ϣ԰ǧƽ֮ڣѾҲ˿Ŀȱˡ
ӷ壬΢ף˫ţļβţƽء
ɣСӵ׻ǲˣô뷢㶼ûУȴûһ֧
һǿߣƷǿ˵˵Щը𲻵κã֮ǰڴϣ߸ӰѾ֤㣬ȻǿߣҲǸ֣ȴ᷸ͼĴ
ͨûáϽȫó
ֺܿͻ˼ʮ֣ÿһֶŲͬķеǽеǴӣνʮ˰ȫˡ

ӳǽΧһȦ֮ȫۼ˳ӷ
ӷ絥һӣѾþûʹùķ˱󣬶ԷЩСɫΪͼķߵˣϾڵĳӷΪǰȫͬȥķɵȻҲС
ৣৣৡ
ɫķɵǽȥȻеȫ¡
һͷϣĵ۷ϵ۷֣˿̣ҲҪ
˵ķӦɲô죬ļ£ɫɵѾǱĲҽûô󣬿ڵصһˣҲʮҵģ
ļԼһ¾˼ʮ֣Լзлм͸ԼģҲȫ˵ϣûȥˡ
ȻĽĽ˳ҪƴȴϣվʱӷѾ˳ǽ֮ϡ
ĳӷ米ľڲͣȶţһǿ磬ȫǽϴȥõĵˣûһվȽŵġ
ӷǰǿˣǾԲĶ֣Ͷɣ
ֻ䣬͸оԼһʹѪ
ĵĽһɱĲǵˣԼˡ
Ļ쵰ƽ㲻ؼʱ䣬ȻͽҾȥϵۡ
ֵ˫ͬʱץס˵ĵļ˫ۿŵģ˵ļʮ꣬û뵽ɱԼģȴԼ֮ˡ
ҡ
Ľݺݵİ˳һŽߵڵأ֮󽣾ͷŭ˭˵Ͷ֮ɱ
ıϾ֮һ˵սҲ̼ҶǸȻΪʲôúõսһأҲ˼䣬ɲҪĸղλһ㵽պ󣬾˽첻ˣҲһ̰ĳ
ӷϿշһЦ˵ģʮǰǷԼҵģǷйЩ˵ծڣҲû˰ɡ
һָӷ磬ŭӷ磬ǳˣӶɱʵ̫㻹ɱҶӣ죬ҾҪѪծѪ
ƾһģҲ̫Բ˰ɡôЩأôǹ벻ˣҲѾѱˣ
ӷ磬ƭȫôǳңܿҪ군ˣǸʱҲڡ
죬̫˵ɣ٣ûῴˡ
ٷϻȻѾɱˣǻ֣ʱ
ףȴôǵĵʱõһ仰ɱϣʱҪȮ죬˵ĻҲöˣҪɱˣ㣬һ

ͻأӷӰһһųĻӰһǰľ͵ĳǰ죬ָ֮ڡ
ϵɫɵͬʱֻڵĲҽ֮⣬ѪڲͣԿһͷһĹͷ
ɱˣ˫ǽƵģǸĸ֣ʵĲˣ


1254 Ȯ2
磬ŮѾսǿȥˣʱ򣬽δ֮ڡ
ģҪҳӷ䣬ҵûУ
ĵ˵ͷһӣһԲξӳǰ
ʾģһĻɱɱߣǳӷ硣
δǰһͷڵһ˫۾ɢ⣬Ŀžʾĳӷ硣
ӷֳһϦħϣͣɱ¾ţÿһмʮ˵أ⣬ŵ߸ӰӣҲѾһĳǣŮ٣ܲȫ߸Ӱӵ¡
δĺ٣һԲξӱ˷顣
ӷʲôʱָΪʲôڶʱڶ첻飬Լȴܰ쵽ңӣΪһ׶ΣƷľ磡
˵֮ǰӷŮǸҵһսս֮ڣȺ֮Уʼ֮ԴΪΪսĻң֮ԴǣԲŶ˫֮ۡ󣬳ӷ߸Ʒǿߣǰϣչⳡɱ
ƽʿ˫۶ԶⵥǲеģǾԵĲУֻҪӣܰĵ
ӣ֮ǰ̫СˡǶҵ˫ۣң֮ǰھƵڵ۷ӡϣԼУʹΪġһΣøѽǷӡˣΪҲˡ
ô죿㲻ָֻһȥͿ𡣵ڣǻָеһһ¥ڵΪȥĻǱߣס𣿡
ҵģƾһˣֻҪ˺Ͳ뿪ˡҵе㵣һˡ治֪װʲôһ˺Իìܣȴлˮ㡣
£ǲǿԳһٽУ
СǱߣѾɳ˷ɴӳӷ硣ңҵĺҲѾ׼ˣ⼸֮ڣͱҪԸۣԣӷ磬Ҳ⼸֮ڣ뿪硣
ǾͰԭƻаɡ
δͷһӷ磬̼϶쾳ҲûáοӡȻѾ⣬ʿûг֣֤һʲôʿѹסˣֲҽʿų֪֮Ǻõģպ󣬲κεв
˶٣δ˵԰ŮǽлˡǣںǰһСʱȫϹȥ޷۱ռģֻЩڻңǲгɹĻᡣ
ãȥ졣ҲˣӦҵ飬ҪĶҡ
ǳҵʯֻҪһʧҵһУʯڣȫġĵ伮㲻á
ҲҪĵ伮Ǳ飬Ҳ޷ȫֻҪܵõʯͿˡ
δûκηӦȴţѽģҲ̫˰ɡΪ治֪ʯʲô潫ʯ㣬ǵʱưľͲˡ
ͬʱڰׯ԰ȪУһ⣬Ȫ˳ʹѾصڻ԰зһ
ԶɽͬʱȪǰӶ໥һۣʵ֣ΪʲôʯзӦ
ԶɽɫļΪѿ˵ʯĵ伮ȫǳҵ浱ʱӾڤıʯǳ뿪ڤ֮󣬾ûκηӦˣΪʲôʱᡭ
Զɽ䣬ͻأȪһ𶯣漴Ȫ¡һը˿
ãʯҪ
һǿҪʯѹ£ȴһ
һ޴ʯȪ֮»ǻ㣬ֱʡ
ֹۣʯǳҵ֮Բʧ
һǾ޴Ļɫʯʣ֣۷˻
֣ˣʯٶ̫죬Ѿ˴㣬˻
Զɽ˶סˣԼҵ֮겻û뵽һֱ뿪˵磡
ѵǳҽˣ
֣õģû˾ʯҲסҡʯͷûʲôǳңҲһûС
˵˵ʯھڤʱѾ֮ˣȻ֮ǾȻ֮Щʯûжûзʲô£ڣҼˣ
˶٣Զɽ̾˿˵ҲգǵģҲûãȥɣԾʯղŵĳӦûֱӳӾްҹǵòģ
硣
δδ뿪ĳ֮ģͬʱոճһ޴⣡
ʲôδʵ
ңʯ
ʲôǾǾʯȻӵǿۣס
ȥ׷
۶ס֮ס𣿡
ǿǳıš
Ļ̴ס
δʵʯڣʲôܣ
ûʲôȻڶѾ뿪˹ҪģӣЩµļ尾ǰ׷ˡҵĶԶҡ
ҲɵĵȻҵòҲõư棬ûгҵľʯôưԡ
ԭĵ֮ԱѳңΪǿʯڣʯѾ˵磬һҲ˵κˣò


1255 Ȯ3
һƬǽ壬һѾһ룬صʬ壬Ϊ⣬ȥȳﻹҪࡣ
ӷŲ˹񣬽һ̤˹ͷѾһѺۣ˹һˣǰҲ䣬ΪŮ洵£ҲѾӷˡ
ĴŭԣԼһȺȺӷɱԼΪٵ񱻳ӷ٣õҲͲȥˣ˿̸˳ӷӵֱ֣Ӿͽӷ統ɱ¾²ħԼȻҲɹ٣ӷԶԶ磡
ȻʮǰʮǰԶɽ۶ɱΣԼһβңϾʱĳԶɽۣûĴ㣬ֻ΢ѵôһ°ˡĳӷ磬ǲһˣǳЩͨ˶Źʣ֮ڣܻ˻
ȮϾɱǳӷ¹һŵǶӢۣԼңʮǰЩȥʿĳŵôͱҪʵ֡
Ĵ󺰵ӷ磬Ҹƴˡ
Ҳֵˡ󼸸ЩŮˣĹϵӦò򵥰ɡ
ʮŮ˸ӣվ˴ſڣǿһĻȫѾɵۣΪɱ󵽾죬Ҳܸܳġ
ӷ磬
ղŲǻҪƴôֽҲҪû´ĻЩŮУӦһӣģļɡ
ӷһһȺŮ˸ӵǰһСŮͷʵСãʲô֣
Ҳ㣬ĸ˵ǻˣɱøġ
Ŷø磿
ǵģҲҽʲô֡
СŮĸסСŮ죬ˣȫȥ
ӷ粻ɵĴЦ˵ҪôţֻҪˣܸģܸûйϵҪġȻһСŮֶʲǾֱµɡ
ӷ磬Ҫ
ĻеԣԼ˵ܵвʱ֮ǰЩȥʱȫһˡ
ڵĵôӷ磬ԣΪԣҪȫɱģɱˣԼ뿪֮ԼߵѣˣֵܣãˣȫͳͳЩ˵
ȻҪɱ¾һɣ֮ߵÿһˣҲҪ̫ˣ
ӷЦһһסСŮĸ׵Ĳӣ˵ҪֵĻ͹ĵطס±ӵĻǧҪȨ֮ң

˵Ĳӷųһ죬һ㷴ӦûУѾ˵ϣŮˣѾ׼
Ů˼Լ˱ӷɱҲܲԼˣȫ˳ӷ磬һҲȫħߣڳӷ϶硣
Ǹƴˣħ
ֻҪиƴľǾעмֵϣǣǵģȴΪǵĹϵŵбɱģ֮Ҳ˽¸سһʷǣΪϣˡ
ӷ磬㱰ɡ
ұɣûҵȷܱɣҲôɵģұźúõӣЩһͣ鷳ŽұƵһġҲҪúллЩһûǵĻܣڻһеΪ߰ˡͳͳȥɡ
ৡ
һѰѵɫɵЩŮ˸ӵţȫ˵ϡ
ĳ׷ˣеĽͣĳȥûĿڿٵĳӷ
ӷ磬Ҫͬھ
˼һԣûǸᡣ
ӷһڿպߣҽ𹳣ĸߵڵء
߼ʬ峯ӷ綪ȥȫӷĻ򣬸ը˷顣
棬Ӧû˰ɡģһͬȥ֤һ£ôɱȮİɡ

һЦˡ
ͬʱĵóһң˵㲻ҲС
ŶȻѾ׼ҲãҲʡҵʱ䣬ΪһһٸԽ͢һͱ׿л԰Ǹز֪ڵ˹
ըȻܽŵˣҪɱ㣬Ǵ´ģҲҼʶһ£𾳽ǿߣըʱܶԶ
ӷƣең˹վ˵ĵ
ǵĵʱ𶫱ʱõըû뵽쵽ϣҪһΣңλĵΪԼ׼ġ
ⲻܣ
ɵۣӷٶȣе̬ˣ
ӷȥߣǰǳһ͵Ƶģӷǰеʬ壬ȫ˿
ϣԴ˴ʧҲ뿪֮ǰĵһ¡


1256 ׼
֮⣬һҾ޴ķɴڻڼӽʱҷɴʧǱˣΪڵΧ̫࣬طķɴһϵͨ˷֣Ƕһ޴ĲΣҲǳҷԸģҪԣɴһҪҷ淢ַɴûĻ˭ʲôģֱˡ
ɴϣѾмλվߵһ̨ʾǰʾڣһŮˡ
ǳҵʵ
ʾڣ˵㲻˵˻ĻǾ鷳˹̸ɡ
߲ɵĿЦһҲһθҴ򽻵֮ǰӾѾҵˣ裬ģģ˵ҪСһ㣬Ͼڱ˵ĵϣһ˼ҲˬĻǾûŻȥˣ˵ӷ롱ȥ
˼һʱûΪȻԳơһʹߣ֪̫ӣʱܳ
Ӹʶѣûֱӵġ
ǰΧ̼ĳǿߣߣȫ
ת䣬ҷ棬ΪӷѾˣΪ˳ҵδҲΪ˳ӷԼİȫòȥȥˣҪóӷаٷ֮ٵĻŻôңҪ֮ǰҪɫĽһС
ҷڽǵļƻͬʱδǱߣҲڽưĵһƻһƻôģ
̫ӵ»еҪǾ͵Űɡ
˵ǹµ״ᣬϾҪʼˡ̫ӿǹָѡ֮һ
ѡ֮һҲ˵ѡˣϼһҪ״ҹ̫ǺεȵܸСɫͬһ̨Ϸ
Ҳֱӣ״ᣬ˵һ̨ϷҲŸߣΪǲ֪ڴʲôע⣬Ҫ̫ȥû⣬ȥˣҲ鷳ǽ䵱ϵĹ򣬵ҳɱʱʮ˴ڵķĹڳ
ʹҵ˼ˣˣֻǹ̫ӵİˡ˭֪̫ǿʨӣʷټĻ֮ڣ˭ʨоġ
˵˰ɡ
ʵڱǸӦǹǡȻΪһңʣǳ潫жˣ̫ͬһǰǺģ
˵ˣѾǵķɴˡ
ʲô
ৡ
Ӱ˷ɴ֮ڣߵ
ߵΪѾʥ۷徳ˣû뵽˽˷ɴԼȴû֡
Ȼת䣬վŵһһŮ˵ͶǺܴҲʮӣǵΪȴҲʥ۷徳硣
˫Ϊͬȴûзǽ˷ɴɼΪֶ֮ΣһһŮɱ߸Ķࡣ
ֶΣҵķɴȴһûСʣλ
ʾڵ˵㲻Ҫˣǲκһ˵ġ
ˣǺҳĵˣԣ㲻Ҫʲô
ǳ̫ͬӵʹߣʱʱҹ̫ӡҹ̫ӵ黹δ֮ǰķɴϣԣǧҪʲôȻҿԱ֤ˣûȥ
㻹ģȻǱӭӹ̫ӣǾͲκζġ
ǾͺãǾ͵Űɡ
ʾرգ߿һһŮԱһһ仰˵ʲôҲûУĵȴš
ѽĳңż죬ȳ군ˣĩյĵ
硣
Ů洸ǬѾˣҵһսֻӣӵģҷ棬Ҳû򣬲ȻͲôˡ
ĽŮ洸Ǭ쵽֮ģ֮ģδѾˡ
һƽ׵ˣŮ̾ͲһϤĸоָоһǧǰԼڳ˯ʱѾоˡ
Ǭʵģ˭
¡
ȳ˵Ů˵
Ůûɡ
󵨣ʼʱ£¹򡣡
ʼʣĸʼʣʲôʼʣ
ǬɫʱļΪ԰ףɵʼ֣Ҳòµǰ˭ˡ
Ǭ̹ͷݼʼʱ¡
ŮҲԴڽδˣǺӾްҹ
δҲתһ£һ˵ǳϡ
鶼ôˣ
Ů活شʼʱ·£һжļƻ֮С
ܺáȥһº󡣡
ǸѾһǧĴ񣬾ͿҪҲ˵ԼЩˣϣҪȥˣ
ǣʼʱ£


1257 ɱ
⼸ڣȫ粻ͬĵطž޴ɱ¼ϣ飬Ѿȫ磬һţÿһһʱﶼʼû֪£һ̻᲻䵽ԼͷϣҲû֪¼һ̻᲻ᷢԼסĳС
ǣϺһ׳칫ģǵĵһ׳Խһˣϣ˾Ӷߵүӣ⼸εĹͷ쵼ˣȫۼ
Ҷ˵˵飬ǹңǻɶĺ䶯
ү̾˿ô꣬ս֮⣬ɻδ˵ѽһϣһҵ׶֮ڣ˸ˣңµԪ˭ڳ˶ǳȴûһ˵ǲ֪ô˵
Խһֱû˵ںߣɫѾˡ
ԣҿҪ׼УϾ飬ǹңҲǴģ
үҲ̾˿治֪˵ʲôΪá
ˣţǼСӶܵʲôطȥˣүʵ
ư˵Ͼȥˡ
ʲôϾʲôʱȥģǶھ𣿡
£ҲǸող֪ҹߵģҶΪʲôط죬ѾͷǼû뵽ǼСӸѾͷȻȫܵϾȥˡ
Ͼʲô
Խڿ˵ǳ̫ƽѾͷһعŶûֱӵϾȥˡţǼҲ֮ȫȥϾأϾ棬һǳʲô¡
硣
үһ仰ȫ侲
硣
ѽ飬ڳ˲Ѿ֪𣬶ң˵۷֮սʱ󣬲ûͣǷϾȥˣϾһسӣ˶˵ӷѾˣһͨˣʣôֺܻʱ
죬ԣһ⣿ү˵
ǲӷ飿
ɣϣ飬ӷɵġڵɵĳ𣿡
ѽһˣȻУųǣǲҷһƨɵ¹֮һܵйʦģǸʱһսˣ
ֻܡһǶӷСӸƭˡڶµģˡ
ˣү˵⻰ʱ⻰Լ˵ģʣԼ֮⣬ʲôˣϣôӣҪС
̫ˣʵ̫ˡӷСӣɱүүӻҪѽȥɲУ죬Ͻӷлɡ
ԵĻˣڸϵ
أҹ£۲ͷĻӷӦøɲϾԷҲСѽûгҷİƾӷһ֮¼һǳɲµġ
Ҳ֪ܵʲôطȥˣ⼸ӰҹѾھˡ⣬һ£Һܵġ
ʲô£
֮ǰǸ˵иʲôһ𡣳佫Ǻ˵ĺܼ򵥣ҾãǺһ򵥣ԳĴڣԲС
үӴ˿̽ӵһ绰绰ҶϺվ˿˵黹ǷˣǶ֮ѽ
ǲϾ桭
šѾˣɴŶҲ֪Ѿͷһ֣翪ս
翪սǲ𣬾ٶҲûѽ˼ҿǰ˴ɣʮħѽ
֪֣ͨɾӹȥֹ
ˣѾ̫ˡ߸յõϢ˴ɣѾһ룬ʣµģҲѾ׸ˡ
˴󾪣磬ôױɵˣӷ絽ʲôư
ưֻ𣬽һ绰ɫǸѿ
үʵַʲô£
Ͼ棬ǬǼڿţţ⼸ѾͷѾˡ
ȥӷ磿
ǣǵĵص㣬ձ
ձɽ顣
ңҲһʮǰԯһڶɱġ£ҹȫӷһ˵ע⡣
үӸԽҲԼˣԣӷ粻ͻƴţǼôѽ
үֽӵ˵绰
ӣǲϢˣ
ү˵ӷѾٸԡ
͢ҲŹ
ƴӴ֮ϣҲûн͢ˡ
Ľүӽӵ绰󣬿̾һϣϢ治ͨٸԵ飬ѾһСʱˣӷСӣѾǰͱˡ
л԰
û
Խֽӵ绰˶סˣֻһŭӷʲôһ𣡡
죬ôˣ
𣬿л԰Ҳˣ
ϵļһ˹֮⣬еĶѾˣ£еæˣҲѾܶסģ
ӣҵʱͲӦϻ
죬˵ʵӷһУǱЩ˸Ƶģӷ鷳ӷǰɴûҹǵ鷳ѽ
̫ˣҹۣ꣬ҲûķѽӷСӣɴཫȫˣͳͳɱ⣬ĸҲɱˣ
һ˹ӦΪֵģӷ档Σ޲ˣƾ۸׼ңҲֹˣ
ү˵ֱ꣬߳˰칫ңԼˣʲô¶ܲˣ˵·Լȥ߰ɣܲ߳һƬȫµأһƬɱ¾أ


1258 Ļ֮ս1
ĻݴǣƬصĺ֮ϣʱʱĻ־޴ĺУǺϻǺףδйЩİͷ·ڽֹսƵģ
ľ֮ϣһȺŮˣȫÿһ˵ı鶼ǳţǰδκεͻ䣬ȴٴа㡣
ϣٸԽ͢ͱ׿л԰Ĵȫһӷ͸ˡ
ľϴЦû˿ĽţҪģܹ黹ҪǶ㲻˵ģˣҲԼ˹ͻ䡣
뿪طѾʮʮˣԴӵĽľתձ֮ľؾһֱûлû뵽һԳӷӶĴɱ
ӷıɷŶ
ڵõϢʱԼĶ䣬۷֮սӷ类ϵϢ飬봫еȫͬ
֮ǰھǼӷ磬ǸʱȷǸˡڣ֮ڣˣͿĴɼǿΪӦѾָˡ
ָôŶ۷֮սʱֵʿ˵һԸ˵ĽɫŶ
ľһ̵ıűѿΪӷ磬ΪԼһֱĸ׵ǸŮˣ
Щľػĵǵĸףȴλĸ׵ӶûΪ۷֮սǵڣ֪Լĸ׳ʲôӡ
ܿϧ۷֮սʱľҲѾӳĸ۵ĶԻԭԼһֱΪǸĸףȻǳҵˣԼȴǣҲ˵ˣԼǹ¶Ҳǳĵһӡ
ڳ緽ֶԸۣ˹ȴͻȻյӷɱµϢĲڣľΪպ깮Լ˹ΪԼãòϻձ棬֮ܣɽ飬ӦѾ˰ɣƼҵҲӦòŹʢǱߵĿؼ壬Щ£ľǹܲˣҲȥˣͿǵˣãܻŵĻֻȳһһ군£Ҳڳˡ
ľҲɵϣȻ֪ĲԼĸףԼһӣѳķʵ޷Ŀ⣬ôľҲֻһˣֻԼţպ»ָ˭ء
֮ͻȻӿ޴ĺˣľߴǵصҲԶľѹ
ǿŶ
ֳһʯͷ˫ǰ
Ũ֮УӰ֣̤˳ɱ
ˣ
ľؿųԶļˣдͷģǳӷ硣
ڳӷ߸Ӱӣ벻ܳӷߵʲôطǾɱʲôطûֹͣɱ¾ÿһ˵ϣȫŷǳ̱ǵѪζ
ƷŶ
ΪɱľҪ߳һ𣬵ľشƷƷͬʱҲѾƷƷ⣬ǳΨһܰһ˰ɣϾҲұ֤һսǷܻţ
˵һˣһҲҪͷԣĶľظ御˰ɣ٣ڳĿѾ御ˣ
󣬱ܲڵƾ͸Ӻˣ
ľ˫ִһӡʩչ˺ڰԴɫӺסΧǧƽ֮ڵĺ
ˣֻսҪһǾһû
ľضŮ˵ЩŮˣҲȫ˹ͳͳΪŮˣľһ֮⣬ƬսϣûеڶˣȻ˳⡣
Ůˣûһ˵ģҲûһӦģǵﶼѾűľģػ˹
ľأû뵽һվȻ㡣
ʹΧĺɫη壬
ӷ磬Ҳɱˣ͵Ϊֹˣ˽֮ҲûɱˣΪ飬ֻľ
ƷˣĻݴǣгĽ磬Ǵ򲻹˹ӷͽȥ
ң˹ڣкܶǿķȫǳЩ׼ģľΣ⶯Щǿķ˵һƷĳӷ磬ʥǿˣľҲ˿η塣
˵䣬ӷѾľǶİ֮
͢ʱֻǹսûв֣ԣҵѣҲ˺л԰ʱʵҲֻǿţûв֣ۼĸױһҲǱ۾ԣʵҲΪҵѣһǰйڻѡĻᣬֻҪѡ·ѡеĶ飬Ľͻı䡣ͬģҪľֵĻҵһɱ㡣
˵ҲϲŶԲŶ
ں˵ʲô
ľѽɵ椣ٵ㶫һΣ
ܺãѡˣ˵һȥɱľأ˹߸Ӱȥйӽйļңҵ˻չ㣬ֻҪҳһڣͿԱһƽ㵽ʱѡͨҵһսɡ
ɡѽʣǰ˵̫ݳˡ
Ϊ˹ļ̳ˣôõʲô֮⣬ʲôûУ
ûҰģϲеɵŮˣһ˻ᣬͻѡһȫͬ·ҲһԼ·


1259 Ļ֮ս2
ľڻ浣̬ȣ˵һԿϷӣƾľһˣټϺЩпõŮˣĺܲҵġ
Ϊ˲ʱùģҲóӷ̵óѣľֻ˵ѵˣ˭˹ĸһֽģĸ׵ѪᾧѵĿƬԴڳӷ𣿡
ľز˵ǰٷ֮˽⣬ֻҪͲжĵġ
Ҳȷ˹ģ˵ط˵һӣͬʱҲļңԼļҶ˸ˣԼ˶ɱˣǾԼܻɣԺʲôʲôʲô塣
˻ϣʲôҪȻ飬飬顣еİ飬飬УԶڵһλġ
ľǸĺ֮ˣΪﵽĿģɱеˣСڣȴ첻
ҪĻǾɣ
˵ͻȻ˳ûдһŶˣҲԣɣֲ뿴Լ˱ɱԼļ԰٣Ψһİ취ǣԼһֻҪԼˣͲῴ֪еһˡ
С㣬
һŮǰס
ЦЦ˵һɣҲϲҲ뿴ܵ˺ԲûǣҲûǴҸǰӦǵ飬һҲû쵽ϣԻǰɡ
סԼŮ˵һӣȻ䣬ӷ˹ȥ
ӷѾɱֻۣҪԼεĿ꣬һҲŹڼʱӷ绹̾˿˱۾һŮˡȻˣұȫɣ
顣
Ͳӷ磬ӷҲ֪һǾͲҪ̫˷ʱˣһؿڣû㣬ҲԻû˿ķֱӾ˳ӷһ£ˣ˷ȥ
еŮˣľڣȫ̧ͷŵɶȥ壬ʧ˵ǰԶԶĳƬ֮С
֪ľɵġ㲻˵ղЩѾѡߵ·ҪɾΪ˳ŻѰġ
ӷ磬ɱ֣ЩѾҪˣɱˣѾˣһ࣬һ١
ȷҵȷ֣ô򵥣ѾΪ˹ϵˣΪһǾҪְĽְҵáʵڱǸұɱŮ˵ģ˭˹һľ֮⣬ȫŮء
ӷ絥һӣȻٿٵķ£߸ӰӣȻǰȥǲûȥľأɱЩŮ֮С
ľظӷ建һƷ磬һƷ磬ʵ⣬Ѿû˿ˣ治֪ľصƾʲôӷһսѵľƾ˹Щ𣬾Щӷľ˹Ļ
ӷ磬ڵ㣬ֻɱˣΪʲôϸΧΧƬ֮ڣûںˣ
ľ⻰óӷое㲻Ծһ֪ԼĶ֣ȴҸԼԣѵʲôƲɡ
飬ѽں飬Ϊ飬ԼӣҲںνɣɱ죬ǧںˣҵϣӣ㻹𣿡
ľأʲô˼
ľصһָߣ㿴˭
ɫٵеߴ֮ϣһŮˣӦ˵һŮһйŮ

ӷеŭȻǰ֮ϵģǱˣԼã
ľأʲôʱѳץģΪʲôԼһϢûյѵɱۣе飬˶
㼱һء
һ𣬳ӷۿȥڵڶ֮ϵҲǸŮˡ
С
ФһǳӷãһФǳӷŮˣǳӷǳҪˣû뵽ͬʱ䵽ľص
ѹľظƷʵԿӷƷʵˣ˵ӷѾƷǿʱһηıֶûУԭ׼ˡ
ӷ磬ұߵ֣Ϊ֪ʲôˣһߵˣ³ܲҡǣҲʵѽĴߣΪһˣңĴ۷֮սʱѾ˳˹ǣܱסֽô˵ҡԣû취ѽѽֻλСص˹ˣϣ㲻Ҫ⡣
ӷɫʼ࣬Լ뿪֮ǰЩһ鷳ģȴϣԼֻǱߣȴ˸ˡ
ǳФǷǳͨŮˣӷĺܶ飬֪Ӳ뽫Ǿ޴û뵽ǻǱǣˣԼߵˣΪԼܵǣ
Ҳʲô⣬ǸүŵģΡ
һľأҲвԼǽͿ㻹ûǸˣ
ǾĴǰɣ
ӷ仰ľûзӦ˵ӷ磬治ںǵˣ㲻һ֮ѵĿ
ҲҪûлɱǡ˵ˣҸӲǼһЩ󲻵飬ȴǱߣȰɵȻͰȫˡ
ôĿƷΣɱҸֻѡһ
˼Ҳ̫ϲѡҲҪѡ붯ǣҿٶȵжɡ


1260 Ļ֮ս3
ò˵ľ̻ûԣ
һȴֻҪͿһʱһʱ̼䣡
ӷӰһһӰľǰʵ壬ȴѾ˳ǰһзΪΣһֱסеĳ漴һФǰڶУФ
գۼ飬ľظӦƷƷ
Դ˵һ𣬾֮ľô³ӷ磬˵ľһΪ֣ӷٵľȲ˵ģȴˣһ
ɱߡ
֮߸Ӱ̳֡ɱ塣
ӰҲ˳ӷǰ
𱣻ǣܵһ˿˺ǾԼȥѡԺ·ɡ
ģһκ˺λСġ
ӷ˵ͷһФľҪץǼ£ҪץûôˣϾΪŵܲãܵȥץˣǸֱȥץʲôԣһڲ˸ľϣץĵܸȥץġ
ӣߵ֮󣬻Ҫȥһ˻ʢѽڲ⣬ҪһԼȥ˺ҷҪӦžͿһˣ͹ܲˣʱֱӷţҲŹ֮ʱڲЩһȶĻһоͲһˣûгɽҲˡ
ӷ뵽£͸ǰ꣬ȴϣľؽӷѾץŮ˸ҪŮвӷǲܵˣһת׳ȥ
ܣҿܵȥ
ľؽ뺣ףʱڳӷĶߣֹɱ֮Ů˵Ĳҽ죬һʬ峯׳ȥʱ䣬ΧĺѾȾһƬѪɫ
ӷ뺣ףľسȥһҪܣֺǳһָĵصܡ
ӷͲҪ̫죬ľܶˣֱӴ⺣ʧ룬ӷûˡ
ڳӷߣŮ˵ʬ壬һףܶ඼һ߾ĳӷ磬ǳ˺֮⣬ÿһ˵ԺУӡ˳ӷӣȵҳӷ籨
ľأܲˣѾ˿̶ӽ׵ˡ
ӷʩչ֮ˮ֮һˮǰľȥľǲͣ״ӵͬʱҪųӷĹӷҲèץ㣬һֻè˵һ¾ͰץסҲֱӽԵʵкܶèǲģֻǽЩˡ
ڵĳӷͺñһֻèľأһֻè׷ͣˣҪж¡
ͻأӷǰһ⣬еۣûӦ֮£ӷ۾ɵӦ֮ȴ֣ľؾȻˡ
ʧˣǺõĲ黵ɣһȻʧˣһʧڴ֮Уǲҵĵģ
ӷֹͣ˫ɢѪ⣬ΧͣĿţȴľصӶûз֡
ô
ӷţӦѽӦӰһϢҲѽ
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˵˹⺣׵ĻǾһһǿĽ罫ǲܿġҪƳֽ磬ͱҪǿʵ磬ǳģ϶۷徳Ľ磬ӷ綼ұ֤ԼƷľ磬ܷ񽫽Ƴ
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ͻȻ޴𶯣Ǻ׵ĵΪӷΧĳЩ
׻ɽûΧһлɽڣ򣬲ᷢ𶯣˾ɾ޴аˣ
𶯵һ̣׵Щʯϣһѷ죬ݣð
ӷ֪ԼٷһĻΧĻɽھͻ᳹ױɾ޷ҵ˹֮ˣֱƽĻʲô취֪˹ںδ
ڳӷ粻֪ǺʱͻȻΧһֵֻֻ㣬ЩĴСǰΪͣΪΣΪ׺ЩͲ㣬Ҳǽ㣬ǵϣһЩɫƬʮּӲͨ޷Ƿֺ
ӷ磬Ҫ˹ǲܵģȼʶһҵЩްɡ
ޣԶʱ
ĳģȻƬУŻޣЩ;˵ļһ治֪ôڵģ
ֻޣݺݵĶųӷ磬㣬ȫһӵϣӷ˹֮£һ֮սĻ


1261 Ļ֮ս4
ֻ޽ӷΧֻޣӷ绹δ
ӱϿÿһֻ޵ͬģӷܸоĵÿһֻӵеһɣЩһҲżģڣӷûʱȥоǵļƷľ磬žΪǿĻޣҲֻǸưˣ
ӷ粻ɵϣͬʱľҲֻͿһʱȻͿһѾˣô᷸ͬĴ󣬻޽ǵһ֪˹ڣʲô벻Ķ
֮ǰļǳùƣӷ߸Ӱӣ˵ǲϴ֮գۼ飬˹ͬô˵ҲǳĻģû֪˹һôĴڣĶ͸û֪ˡ
ڽӷΧ֮ǰȫ⣬漴ӷĿÿһֻޣڷű仯Ϊ㣬ΪβңĲλȻȫŮԣ
Щǡ㣡
ӷΪԾû뵽˹ŵĻޣȻ㣬ѵ˵е㣬ȫԶʱĻ޲ɣ
ӷȫһѪ⣬Ѫ⣬ӷͬһѪѪڣӷԺ˵
ץȥ͸˵Ҳ
΢΢һЦӷһֻһͬѪ⣬һ˹ȥ
ѪʱȴϣȻһַǳֵƬ׿ʼ𵴣ĸУΧ֣ڱƵġ
ں֮УǺ£½ϵЩĵ̣ȻǻԿģƷǿߣûЩĵϸ㶯֣Ҳռκεıˡ
ӷ벻ԼҪץһһ£ԼĹմһ㣬ȴʹԼĹ˻
ȴǹǣӷѪ⣬ΪĶϣÿһϣΧи˽ȥ
ӷ磬ҲǸˣû뵽ҲкͿʱѵ֪˵ĵǺЩ޵ĵ̣ǿйᱻЩƽ
ľصҲ֪ʲôط
ӷҲԣ˵Ƭ֮䣬еκһκһ磬Ҳͬĵ
ͱضˣЩ㣬ǹ͵ĻޣֻǷ͵ĻޣԼĹôǿֻҪĹǾͻᱻƽ⡣
Ȼɢᱻƽ⣬ӷֻǻһֹʽˡ
ƶһɺǰӷ罫һ鳤ɺϣ֧ɺһĶӰ㣬ϼ´֡
ӷһ˸ղԼǰеɺֱӳؿڴ˽ȥ
ٴڳӷ㣬ȴǾǲҽУ֮ǰֲҽС
ɫҺ壬ʹΧĺˮȻٵ
ӷ˺󣬸ļһЩѪҺȻǴо綾ģԼǰٶ֣ʱѾǰٶ֮ˣѪҺ˴ǿҵĶ֮⣬ǿĸʴԣˮԸʴΧĺˮẒ̇
ųӷɱһ㣬㣬񶼷ڳӷ粻֪Ȼ֮£໥֮䣬Լ죬͵ٶȣ໥֮ײţÿΪһԣײĺڣЩɫҺ壬ҲѪҺȫ˳
ʲôѵַʽԸӷҪΧĺˮȫȫʴԴʴӷ
ЩһҲ̫˰ɣԼɱһͬ࣬ǾȻ͸ɵ£ץȥǸϲооһ£ڿûϷˡ
ȻֲҪҶ֣Ϊʲôȫǡ
ľص˵Ļޣʲô
ľأӣЩޣѽ
ӷ磬⣬ܲܶЩҺĸʴ
ӷ˫΢΢һ£˵ҵˡ
ʲô

顭
Դ֮ӷǰ̵ĺˮƽ⣬ǰһɫĹ⣬ӷֱӴǵɫĹϡ
Χֳһ޴ıĤӷպþĤ֮⡣
ٺˣȳǰ׵ľ룬˿̣ӷ翴˾ΪһĻɫıĤ֮ڣȻ漣ĳһ޴ĹһһɵĹϽǰȴΪСģһĹڹΧʲô԰ѽˮѽͳͳУЩ԰ڣźֵܶ࣬ӷδЩȫǻޡ
ſڣһɫĴӣڴд֡
˹
ӷ綼Լ۾޴Ĺ˹ôеѽһʱ䣬벻
ӷڿٵתţǰһĻĻʵеģڵӰġ
󣬳ӷ뵽ˣԼСʱЩƬ￴ˮҲ׳Ƶġ
⣬˹
ӷ˫ÿһ䣬ͣĿţ
ľش˿̾ʹڹߴֱųӷ磬ڣľ֮⣬Ҳûеڶˣ


1262 Ļ֮ս5
û뵽ѽν˹ԭͱ˷ˣһһֱŲͬĹ£
ӷ⣬û뵽˹Ƕ񻰹еȴҲ̫ԾϾһļһһ˹Ҳϡ档
ľվڹߴϷĳӷ磬˵˹ôȥģôΪʲôҲ֪ȴֻ֪Ҫ˹Ǿн޳
ô˾ϲðգȻôΣյ£ܴľأԼӽҪӲƽ磿
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ɵԼѡһ·ľ˵ȻôҾͳȫ㡣
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ӷ粢ûֱӳ˹ΪڱĤʧҲ͵ֱӱˮû֮ǰΪбĤҲǽĹϵ˹ܺˮϮڲͬ׵Ĵںˮ֮УΧЩѪҺôиʴԣУ޷ΰĹκε˺
Ѿȫ໥ײΪıĤĹϵҲΪˮĹϵʹڹڵлޣȫҵͬʱֿǷ·ܵ˾޴ввǵģǺˮϷδĳӷ硣
ľҲ֪ôͿס˹еĻޣʹеĻޣȫۼΧжޣĲбĺɫķˣֻ֮ڴ˵гֵ࣬ȫУЩޣҲС
ӷ磬ϰֻޣͿı£ܷȫɡڻޣҽ˺ɷ顣
ӷһЦ˵ƾЩǶܽĻҽҲֱɱ˹ˡ޵
ڳӷϷһ޴ļ㣬ȫڻȥ
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˿̣ӷ޵ǿȴΪףڻǽеȫƵģȫΧһȦٵתγһС
ӷû뵽ЩޣȻ˴֪Լ޵߱̾ôһУҪƽԼ޵
еļȫ˴Уʱ˿̣ӷ綼еˣԼ޵ô֮󣬾Ȼָӵģȫ֮£ûκһ֧ڻϵġ
ӷ磬Щ̫˰ɡҸ㣬ЩޣÿһֻӵзͷԣЩνĲʿ⺣ףҪǣȻҲͬһʱ뵽ƽķ
ľغǵ⣬ЩޣҲһԵãܳӷΪٸߣԴǿֻҪ⺣ף˺ˮϻǵǻۣӷҪ̼乥˹ǲ̫ܵġ
ͬʱں֮ϣ˱ФӰ⣬ɱһѾ˹еͳͳɱˣϵʬ壬һһĳ뺣ףεɫĺˮҲѾΪһƬѪɫƬѪ֮ɫΪΧСеĹϵ˷ɢȥĻݴΧĺü½ɳ̲ϣͬһľ
պǽ⾰ΪѪɫ󣬵ȴû֪ʱγɵѪɫôɵģ֪ѪɵģҲûĵҪˣҪٵѪ˴ģѪ
ݺܶרҵķоһĳЩλֵصϣڽŴģսЩϵǣΪսĹϵȫȥӻγһƬƬѪɫġ
кܶˣҪȥѰЩѪɫԴ֮أȴûһҵĵΪκˣҿصİĻݴǣ
ɱһȫ˺ף˳ӷΧ
Щǡ
ޣԶģӵżߵǻۡ
ǸôԸǣ
ǻٸߣʵҲơЩ޽ˣͳͳһֻͽ˹ɱľء
ǡ
ӷӰһֱƹڻޡ
ľһļһȻôͽЩŮ˸ˡ
ΪӷѾ˹˹ľ֪ǳӷĶ֣վԭóӷɱתĴſȥ


1263 Լ
ľ֮ڣȴĲ֮أľҲûҪȻѾʱõĻǾԵĳӷ̫Сˡ
ڿ˵ǿտҲһű֮ʲôûС
ӷٳ˵ڣȫѪΧţɱľصĻǾ͵ڸһĻԼ֮ǰһҲ׷ˡ
ľأѾ·ˡ
ӷڽڵͬʱţҲԶرɳӷ粢ûлͷȥҲԤе飬ڣʲôûУľҲһ׼ûУѡ
ʱľҲǻȥˣȫȫ׼ӷһս
ȻˣǾɡ
ˮ֮ˮ
ڵкˮųӷˮ֮ʩչȻѾۼľ
ӷ˫վ˵֮ϣڳľص֮⣬Ѿһκˮˣӷˮ֮ڵкˮȫסˣĺˮ޷룬ĺˮҲΪ˳ӷ繥Ե
ľ֪ӷԴǿôҲ벻ѾûнĵڣӷȻԿճһƬĿյأƬյ֮ڵĺˮȫۼԼ
ˮһ˵Һ㣬ʹľصһҲˡ
˿̵ľѾû˿ˣˮס壬һ㣬
ľأһλĻᣬ֪벻Ҫ
ӷ粻æߵ˵ڵмλãڵһ̤¡һϳѺۣѺ۳ֵͬʱֻһѳìӵ˳
ǳĵķɡ
ԭӷѾʶ˵ڵһУ濴ƿտҲĵڣʵɱ֧ɫˮìѾ߱Ϊǿˣ
ľ֮ǰ뿿֧ìԸӷ磬Ϊ֧ìǳĵ֮һ֮ǰҲ˹֮ˣ֧ìӷƷǿߴϼٸغϡ
ȴϣӷһѾ˳ìĴڣҽì˳
ųìӷ罫֧ɫˮì߸ߵľٹͷľؿųӷڵĶ֪ӷʲôԼȴˮסˣ޷ٶһ£

ķЦľóӷеͷԣһﶼͷˣϵЩŮȫˣЩҲܵеĹɱһ˹ķ䵽˳ӷ˵ľصҲ䵽˳ӷھ͸һֻ㣬ӷҪôҪô
һ֮䣬ľزķЦɼһһѽʱķľز֪Ҫǿٱ٣ľûģǰҪܣ
һѣľػʱ䲻飬Ѿ㹻ˡӷ磬ٷϻҪɱң춯֡
ܺãеʵĶ֣ȷǷǳѵã죬޼ǰеĶ֣㶼ҪֻϧǵˣѣȻǵˣҾͲϡ
ˣǳңҲҪᡣ
Ŷ˵Ů洸ģǬһ͸Ӿްҹʲôƻ˰ɣ
Щܿͻ֪ġ
Ȼ㲻ңҲǿҪһһǳ򵥣ǳ׵顣ҪһͱȽ鷳ˡ
ӷ磬㵽ʲô
ӷ翴һԼٹͷĳìͻȻһìˣ
ľ֪ӷȻԼѾûл֮ˣҲȥںʲôì
ȻطǴ˵еӣźܴĹ˵ֻӸ鹹ģҾãһǿˣһطԶ޷յĻǲ
ӷ磬ɱ˲ͷأǵˣȻڰˣɱҡ
˵ɱˣףҪҲףжôؽƻ󣬻䵽ҵ˹ûгģûŮ洣ҲûǬˣûкӾްҹ㲻ܣйˡ
˶٣ӷֵѾ𾳽ǿˣΪ˵ҲԻģ㣬ʮĽҲӦ֪ǳѪı״ǳҵ˵ʵ̫󣬵˵̫˷ѡ
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ӷ˫ִһӡ֮ơ
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ߵǰӷ翴ľأ˵һμ˰ɡҲӦ֪ΪʲôҪô飬Ϊٹ죬ҾҪ뿪ˣұ֮ǰҵˣһЩ鷳ľأǵˣ˽ԷģҲǵˡ˽ңͬҲ˽㡣죬һμ棬Ժܲټʵ˵׼ܣҾ˵úɣһ֮ضûУѡ·֮ǰѾ뵽Լ֣ЩûһǺõġ
ӷߵ˱ǰӱԱߣһƣתǰԼһھƣƺľء
ôһֵ𾴵ĵˡƣҾ㡣
ľ˵ȷᣬܶ˶ݲľؿֺγͬ뷨أֺγӷء
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˭˭ڣЩѾҪˣ
ľؽųӷ綪ľȣɵִЦ˵۴̣ķ۴̡û뵽ľص󣬾ҾƵˣߵˣĵˡ⣬ҲǵһΣ˳ľҾơãľأˣҰˣˣƣҺȡ
һȫȹ⣬ľ˵ӷ磬ҲҪ⡣ҵȷˣɼȻ㲻ɱңǣǵˡƳӡ죬ʲôطҶȥġ
ң𣿡
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ʱҡµʱҲңԣΪҵң֮ǰ㶫ɡ
ӷгһѪѪ뿪ӷƣľǰ
ҵһԪͳģƳӡ죬ʲôطһ䣬ѪҲҵҡľأڴĵҲƳҵķӡϣ㲻Ҫҵ̫á
һ̣ľͻȻһеЦ˿ķŭҲ˿ıԹ˵ܺãӷ磬ڿʼҲ㡣ģһȥģ֮ܣҲӮġ
ӷЦ治ңӾްҹڽʲôƻ
ãбҪ𣬼Ȼ㶼Ѿ׼֪֪Ӿްҹļƻʲôˡ
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˵꣬ӷ˫ִһӡ¡һϵĶԶ
ľرӡ֮£бƳӡĻӷҲԼ𣬲ԼʲôطȵģҲǳӷľ֮һԼɣ
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ȥŸ⴦꣬Ҳ뿪ʱˣ


1264 ңӷ
ԳĿǰ˵ǳԶɽǳۣûʱȥŵ飬ŵļ߲Ҳûϵҷ棬ΪݵĹϵҵĴŶˣ˵ǼԶɽ߳ˡ
¿ôѽүӸܲûʧˣһôļţûɲǼ£
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ǰλܲͻȻʧ٣ʹܲһŴҡ
ʢ٣ܲĻеĸ߲㣬ȫۼڴˣϵĻᣬŵδ
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⻰ʲô˼
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ûǰʲô˶֪˹ŻţηţЩŲǲǲҶһʮİա
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Ħɸվһ𣬱ţڳҲµ£ǾԲ˿η塣
ʱ򣬻⣬һ
ѽˣΪҪģѡö飬ûѡõĻǻôĺͲҶ˵˰ɡ
һй꣬˽ˣȫ
ʲôˣŸ߲ϸҳȥҪ꣬ȴ֪ʲôʱͬȰ㣬ܲõλǰ
λӣһûͷһأоˡ
СӣôĵӣȻܲõλӡ
ܲãҽԺ˵仰ġ
˵ܲѾʧˣʲôݣƾʲô˵˵
ʲôݣҲûݣֻʱɨسŶѡ
˿һ䣬ŭɱһ
ǣ
߸Ӱӣ˳ӷ
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ǡ
һȻҪᣬǾӦʽһ㣬ңⲻǻпڳ
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ֻǻӭ֪˭ԣҲҪûʸ֪
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ӣ˭ѽ
꿴һֿһڳˣЦҽܰɡճҿԽСȻҲԽҡ³ˣңӷ硣


1265 뿪ǰİ
˶ʱˣǿĦҲʼ
˭Ҳ벻ӷλŵζ³Ȼʱ֣ؼʱ̳֣˵Ѿܽӹܳ𣬻йȥΪʲôֻ
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ӷ飬޾ϣڳи߲㣬ҲǼһ
øղû˵ʲôȻԼˣ
³ǳӣ
һη壬òȿ϶һ£ɲҪСӸˣ
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ӷǰһҪ
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ʣ㿴ǳӷ𣿡
˵ĻȻǳӷˡң˭ȥðӷѽǲǳԱ˳˭֪ӷ£ðûʲôֱ
ղŴ˵ĻҶѾˡ˭ģ˭ڱЩҶҲǸС֮ὫղŵϣǰôģԺ󣬻ˣκεı䶯ȻĳЩ岻ҪǰݵĻҲֹ
⻰Ȼ˵ģˣѾҪˡ
ҲɵѽԼô꣬ûйҲпͣô˵߾ߣԼЩľӪǰ׷ˣ
ڳû˵Ҳڳӷ֮УӷȻᵱһ¡
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ӷ绰˵ɣ˭ӷѾɱҪɱģȻһˡ
еĸ߲һ뿪ûκ˸֮ͣ߳ǰÿһ˶ԼͬĿһȫҡҡͷ˵Ǿɣ
ӷͲǼᣬǵ£˽죬ҲͲǵĴˡ
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û´ĻӦǳĵˡѾĵƣӣ˳ֵĿս׼ΪʲôЩǿߣûһģֻڵΧѵаŲɡ
ˣҿʱҲѾˣ磿
߿һ۳ҵʹߣ󣬾һֱû˵
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߿ЦһȻҵѾͬԼˣǾ˵̫ڵ飬Ѿˣ

ǣˡ
ׯ԰
һգ˵ӷѾʮ·ȴûǽ򣬿ӣֻ֮ǰƸúã
Զɽ˵䲻ӷЩˣ鰲źõĻ߲ġںˣѾ˵硣ۣȥӷһ̰ɣ
˵ˣʱһȥ
ǾͻؾȥԼҷ棬Ҫãӷȥ򣬲ý׼֪
ţͻȥ
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û취еİ취ڵΪѾ𾳽磬ӷҲҪ뿪ˣھȥϾɰɣػƬء
ãϾȥ
һգһǳµĵطӷҲǳصģһȥ治֪˭ùѽ


1266 
ʢһ˽ҽԺҲµһҽԺФͬһ䲡֮ڣΪǱڰԪ壬ӷ罫ǶڵĺڰԪظƳ󣬻Ҫһʱѣڶʱڣǻ
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Ф˵ߵѧҵûأ
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Ȼ䣬ӷһߵǰա
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ƴţǬɱ˹ڴϾҲɱ˹һĴɱ
ӷվڶߵһϣ·ɱ¾ΪѾǵӰԽԽģˣͺԼԶȥǣԽԽԶˣ
ɣСѣ꣬ˣھǵ飬ҲΪҵĹϵ㵽ڣûκһ˸׷㣬ϣ뿪֮ҵҸҸˣҲһˣ
ɱϣͬʱҹ֮У⣬һͨķɴ˶ҹ֮ϡ
ºʹߣ̫ǰҳ͡
ϵ˳ӷĶС
ڻˣңҲˣңٸʮ飬֮ڣȴȫ硣֪үүǰ֣Ƕ࣬Ϊ壬ģԱҪĶ࣬ôڣҲΪ帶ʱˣ
һ˳ӷϣӷĳҹȥ
裬⹫ţеˣеѣеֵܽãӷˣһȥҲұ֤ܻܲŻһᾡеǵģǼһ棬Ҳһᾡģ
ӷڽ·һЦӾްҹʲôֶΣʹɣҳӷ磬һһУ߲壡
֮ϣˣȫֹͣɱ¾ÿһˣ˷ȥ
ûио
ʹĸо˵
Ϊʲôָо
ƴţ˵ҵУʧȥһҪƵģ
ôˣϽǣǻҪعȥףء
ÿһˣӳյ㣬ķ˸ЩҪԼȥȥԣ֮󣬲һ׳ɳǱһζİ㰲Ժ·Ǿ͵ڰձ˵·һƵģ̫û壬Ҳ̫Ȥ
ΪԼҲҪеһ֮
˵˲£ϻ˵һǣ÷˱㣡
Ѿʧҹеĳӷ˱۾˵ûҵֻܿػߵˣǵļ԰ˡڴǵپף


1267 ȫ¾
ҡ
Զɽһҹ֮࣬λ˵ˣһʼΪʧȥӵĻ䣬ʮʧõľϲֵֽ͵ʹʹĳԶɽʧȥ˶־
ڣΪҵһ֮Զɽ֪ҪԴΪأȻӷѾǰˣֻҪܽʱǿԼӷġ෴һԼ߳κ⣬ǵһģҲǳӷ硣
ԶɽԼҷ˿Ĳ³ӷԺ޷̳гңҲҪסӷҪӷƽƽĻ
ˡ
Ѿ´ָĳԶɽ˿ѾܲôˣȻҪսǾ㾡һеսװɡ
һŵ˳ׯ԰֮ڣǳҵĴǣʮػǣʮǣʮɱǸʮħǡ
佣Ҳʮ֮ڣǣ޶Ѿ𾳽磬Ψ佣һˣΪͣ磬Ͼ֮żʮеģĴǰЩδμӹΪȻǸϲ˵ġ
ǣүӡ
Ըȥҳȫ£ʱ׼ӭս
ĴУ佣֮⣬ˣȫʧ
Ϊβȥ
үӣ֪̫ӵʲôطȥˣ
ӷֵܰɣ
ǵġ
ӷֵܣ֮ĴսУһҪӮǳҷˣӷ磬Զزˡ
زѵ̫
Ҫʡ佣һֵ̳ģڣҾͽΪ𾳽磬ֻҲΨһܰģӮҪԼˡ
佣ûΪԶɽҪԼΪ𾳽˷ܣǵĵүӣһ˵⣬̫Ǳߡ
ģǱѾ˹ȥֻҪһжôҳң֮սס
ǡ
Լҡ
һŻ뿪⼸죬ԼҶڵģĵĲǳۣǳӷ硣
ԽҪȥϰ࣬ͼվڴԺ֮Уһʮӣֱ飬Խʶô꣬δ
ۣǲӷˣ
Գֱ飬ԽȻԲ³֡
үӸϷˣӢۣȫʱԺ
˵λҪߴһ¡
˵ϻǲӷˣ
۵˵ͷһͷԽҪָһ⣬ڱүӸסˡ
죬Ȱ
˵ӷ絽׳ʲô£
˵Ҳ˵ʲôڽļ֮ڣӷ綼ǴҿԷģֻҪڵһ죬ӷͲΣա
ԱչΪڵģһ룬Ľڣ̫ǣǿ˵㣬Լҵÿһˣŵģүӡ
ۣʵǣӷ絽׳ʲô£
ĸ̫ģӷֻȥһ֪ҲĵطǸطһʱ䡣ҿҵ֤಻ᳬ꣬ӷһġ
ʲô꣡
꣬ѽʧȥʮ꣬Ҫʧȥ꣬Խ켸Ҫεˡ
㣬㵽װҶ͵ʲôطȥˣ
һҲĵطˣѾˣҲҪȥӷ硣ң֮ڣҲңΪҪȥһǳҪ飬ϵӷ顣
Ҳ˵ʲôֱ߳˴ԺԼˣ˿ҲֻܿųȥıӰʲôʱ򣬳۶ûκ·ϣһΣԣóʶ£ѾԼҵˣκһȥʵˡ
߳ԼҴԺĳͣһ£ȴûת˵Բ𣬽죬˵꣬ҲΪ㰲ģĵȴˡ겻ܳ˵꣬ʮĻҲסڽ㽫ʧȥӣҲʧȥɷϣܰҲϣʱӷʱһϵĸף
գ۲ɵһЦĵɣȻѾ׼һУǾͷɣ
硣
δģŮ洣Ǭ֮ڡ
ʼʱ£ǺĿ𣿡Ǭʵ
û⣬ǣܲܽ۱ƽռ䡣Ҫ֪۲ʧһжǿ̸
Ǭǿֻ֣ǽ۱һռ䣬ֲɱӦòѰɡ
ѻ˵ô磬һлҪȺʱ䡣
Ůʵʼʱ£ʲôʱ󣿡
ʱδҵ㣬Ҫȳӷ絽ں֮󣬲õʱ
˵˹ѾӷҵӸŮѾˣһսֻӮ䡣
δǱ˵ǬھͿϵǱˣ׼ֻȳ۽ռ䣬ǾϽӷͬʱĴֱʢӡ
ǣϵ塣
Ͼǡ
Ѿ˳ڹͬʱȴӵФĵ绰Ҳӷ˵Щתˡ
ӷҪչأǺü꣬ôܣôôͻȻ
ԾѽҪչأҲӦø˵һŶԣΪʲôôͻȻ
ϵһ³ҸԼҷ棬һ
˵ѾʹˣѾ뿪˾ǣ֪ȥˣ
˶˵ѵĴ£Ÿոտʼӷ磬ȥʲôط
ȥ˺
ͻȻ֣һģԯ
Źùã˵ʲô
ǻ̫֪飬ͽһУȫˡ
Ľ̼֮УҪӷлȥѽ
ˣѾ뿪˵򣡡
ΪʲôΪʲôһûС
ĽҪˣסǣʲôʱܻҪǳҷ棬ʲôʱưԻ
飬г˵ôÿһ˵ﶼûס
ˣӷȥѾˣڣ˶ߡ
Źùãȥʲôط
ҸҪǡ
үүعˣ
ţյҪ˵ôˣȵϺ֮˵
Ϻҵϼң˵ǳԶɽһϼҡ
׻ᷢʲôأеģڴģǵȴ


1268 
Զɽʮ˳ӷڵǴ֮ǵڶλصϺ
ϾϺԶ̵Сʱĳ͵Ϻ
һϺϱð˳
ιιǵȵңҿǸ߼ţ
һһ˻ѵļϣֻ󡣬˳ӷ֮⣬ģ̣Ҳûô졣
þûĽʱһڳӷ뿪֣֮Ͳö룬һ֪˳ӷѾ뿪ϳҷҲһʱټе˳ұ֮⣬κֻҪõģͳͳϣϾҪʽսǳҷԶԶв嫴ģɣ壬Ҳɽˣ
С󡣬˶ˣܳʲôںǵ䣬û鿪ʲôЦ
ȴֳһµӣ˵С߾߰ɣǻ𡣡
˵ĺӷ磬Ҫһʲôǻѽôѽ
ģ嶼ˣǸʲôƨжǶԽġ
̾˿Ҳ֪ҪӷŻԼߣ;Բ䣬ֻҪҷ΢ߴһһСǶ³ӷıԵ
˵үү湻ĵģ
⻰䣬ڣԶɽɣɲܹүүѽүүҲΪ˴룡
˽ԶɽЦݣڳÿһ˶ĳλ˼ңλȫµ˼ңһ
ֽԼ͸ĵ˵ʣʣ飬м˸ɵĳܸɵĳµģǵ۰µİɡ
ʢӵףԶɽҲεĹߣһǶȿͨ˵ĽǶȥԶɽҲһ۰µߣ
үү̫ˡʲôֲֵģҪģͲҪЩӷһ뷨
δ˸Զɽ˵̣Ӧǵһɣ
̾˿ЩԼҲ˵ģȴ˵̣Լֶϱȴ˵
ɣôүүôүүүүģΪүүԼҲ֪Լ̫ˡҪվӷĽǶȥ룬Ļ᲻ͬȥʣ
ѽȻΪǾΣΪҷֵеһСңӷ绹ǳô򵥣ˣϣ˳ӷѽ³ӷһˡܼ̳гңݣǵģᶯġȻˣǳӷҪΣСңɴң⣬νӢ۲飬ۣͬΪģȴȫ£Լļѣô򵥡
̲ٶ˵ʲô͸óԶɽ˵ˡ
νЩСӣѾͷȫйǽĿĶ˰ɣ
ƴţ˵үүҪʲô˵һ仰ҪǵҲƴ
ӦþǻưӰɣ
ǵģүү
ܺãүүʱһƢӷСӣʵڽύⷽ棬үүģ̾ѽ
ȷڳκһˣǿΪӷ磬ΪԼߵƴģ㣬ͲҪκεĻɡ
˭¡
ԶɽȻ㵽µ֣»еܳˣ
үүҾ¡
վλˣﶼе㷢
ʵ̩ɽʱ¾ѾԶɽˣȴֻԶԶûʸ
ЩСӣܲ£ڳүүһܰĵ𣿡
үүܷԸǡ
£Ҫ㸰ʵҲֻҪȥʰһԼɵ̯Ӷѡ
̯ӣ
໥һۣʱ⼸ԸһսŵȵİӮˣȴúܶļһˣûɱ
үүǰ²ļһ
ܴ⻹û˵ʲô£ӦòµˡƽʱһὫҵеĶľѾͬˣҵ飬ŵһߡǳɽһģھ㣬ǻɽȥʣЩȫշסҪǻˣˣҪȫΨãʱͬԿ⣬ҳҵʮǣҲȽá
⣬佣վ˳һǿΪѾ𾳽硣
֣֡
뼸λЩļһշ
Զɽ˵ƴţǬɽлѣϷ壬ȡǼҵһǵΪ
û뵽ԶɽȻԵ˵֡
˵үүΪѽ
Ѿͷ㲻õģӷ뿪֮ǰѾʮӰҽƳĵҩҲ˴˹ʮӰУ߸ǿߣҵǣӷĵҩ̵ʱڣ𾳽磬ΪԴߵġ
ӣԶɽҪֱˣˣȫ𾳽磬Ҳֻ𾳽磬ʸ򣬷
ʵүүҸʲô
Զɽ㣬ҵλá
ʲô
һ㶣ûʲô˼
үүûɣ
Ȼụ̂
еµĸо
Զɽһƽ̵˵үүԺңڿʼ㣬ǳҵμˡ
̽ӹܳңЦɣⲻϹѽǳϱϾճģǸŮôѽ
үүЦɲܿ
үүû㿪ЦңҪΪҵˣȻҪ۵ġӷѾӦ飬ǽˡ
ңҸʲô
𾳽֮ҳŮԾѧ
󾪣˵֣
Զɽ˵ȻҪԼͬСҳŮԵľѧʲô
˵Ϊעһҹϣ׷ǧɣ
һûףʵŹùãܲ˵һ㣿
ǳרΪŮ׼ľѧΪ׷ǧɡһԴһΪ߳ǿ߿⣬ǣҪԼꡣҲ˵ҪԴĻҪ꣬㹻ӳ׷ǧɡʱͻ̼ȥƶʮ꣬ȴʮˣʲôƨԴֱǺѽѡĻԶɽѾ˺ὫԼϱһ
Ƕ˵ֻǿ̣Ȩ
ǲԴԿ
˵ͷ˵٣ķ
ѧ
ɣҪڲŶʮ꣬һ׷ǧɡô
Źùã֪ʲôҲ֪үүʱұǿĻǲѧԴġȻֻʱڱһǿߣΪӷ磬Ϊ˳ңԸ⡣
˵Զɽ˵£ͽˡɣүүҲҪ뿪һʱ䣬ȵѹʱ㵽طүү
˵꣬Զɽһֻѹ̵ͷһԶɽʧˣһ仰Ҳû¡
֪˳ԶɽҪԼȥʲôطҲͲʲôˣ
ӷ뿪ˣ۸ԶɽҲдƵģڵĳңȫ̵ϣʹʮСѾͷζεļ֮ڣеһôĵӣ


1269 嫹
ʹ֮ڡ
ٹ٣عԱȫۼһ
ִ͵ĳû飬Ȼ춼ھУƽطϵĹԱûʸġ첻ͬΪĳ̫ӼҲΪźҷһսʼӾ㲻òǰһ׼
Ӵ󽫾ڣ
źӾһ仰棬һţվ˳
ĩڡ
ӽȷ沿ôˣ
£ĩȷ沿ӣʱ׼
ܺáʵ棬ûʲôɣ
һǧΪȫƷ
ܺã⼸׼һ£ȵһϢǾ̶֡
ǡ
£ͼһվ˳˵£һսʮİ𣿡
ʱĻΪɻģ绻ھһҾĵġ
ӽŭڹ꣬⻰ʲô˼
ӽҪߣϷҲֻ˵еʰˡ
ϼһǸĳҲǶ೯࣬λʵۻڵʱѾڳˣǸʱǸССĵط٣ûʸ볯֮ϡ
ʮӶʮССط٣ҲѾΪһ֮£֮ϵ࣬ԣŸʳȼɻ䡣
ɳԶة࣬ʲôʣ˵ȫûᣬûʲô˵ģҲҪںκεļɻ䣬ϾǳãǾӡ
£ϳֻ֪α˴ľҪҷһսΪҳǧϳòʱһ䣬жʤ㣿
ӾЦٷ֮١
Ŷǳҿʨ˭жԸ
ة಻õģȻ˶Ը۵ġ
ʾϳɷġ
ָ̫ɳԶ˵ϼһ㲻Ҫϡ
̫֮࣬ϣб£󳼣ű¶ĳţ֮⳯Ϻ˵˵û˵ķݡ
ȷһ̫࣬˵ʲôѽɳԶة࣬ԺӾľɣٿӾɳԶ̬ȣҲû̫ػ֤ɳԶںһôĽɫ
ȻɳԶ֮վ˵ҲΪԼΪ˭֪ʵ۱£ʮӣȴûһŮڶʮǰӾһ󳼼ҸոճŮתΪԼŮҲŮԼŮһΪĸɱԶĶӸϱҲ˵ĳɱԶŮ
ȻѾŮת˻ʵ۱£ЩҲټԼŮһ궼ѵüһΣϾѪˮڻʵ۱ҪԼŮΪ룬̫ӸԴԸңɳԶܲԼŮδһӮˣǵһģʵ۱£ԼŮѽ
ʼ֮£͸ӣڳ£Ȼ𣬾ö֮ҲѾû˼ǵĳǻʵ۱ˡ
ɳԶһ仰ó֮Ϻܶλ飬ɳԶة࣬Ҳ˽ѽǴ˽ĵġ
ӾЦةˣҲ֪ôġһʥּة࿴֮Իס
ֳ̫һʥּɳԶǰǲˬԼɡ
вŮɳԶǲˬǽӹʥּһɳԶةֱӹ
ʼʱ¡
ʲôʼʱ£ʥּǡ
ˣȫӾ㣬Ҳı˫һȭ˵ûʥּʼʱģҺӾ޻֮ǰ淢ʥּʥּдĺʼʱ£ûʧ٣ڵ磬ζԸ֮ˣʼʱ¡λӦö˰ɡ
ʥּǺӾްҹӾްҹµʥּ޵ôӾʥּȻǽδģһеļƻдʥּ֮ϡ
Ȼʼʱ¼ƻµļƻȻʧܵġϳҲͷˡ
ȻҶûˣ̫ҲӦÿ쵽ˣʼʱµļƻδʼ֮ǰߣҪ̫ӵɹԸȥүм̳ˣȫãӭӳ̫ӡ
ǣ¡
󹬡
һԼʮŮһŻĸŮʮˮ飬СΣȴ͸Űİ
ĸһҪΪѽôͰ˼Ҹ޳ȥأ
£ǲܲģ㣬йŴһ󹬲ø
ŻĸˣǺӾӣҲʺ
ʺʮӣһֱϲԼŮ
ŮҲ֪㸸ʵľ˭ҲĲ˵ġοεѡɲѽǿǳ̫ӡ
ôǿǵĵˣʰҼ޸зʲô˼ҲܣҾǲޡ
Ǵʱ̫һʿ˹
ݼʺ
ǲǳ̫Ѿˣ
Ͼ͵ˣū볤ǰãӭӳ̫ӡ
ޣʲô̫ӣˡ
Ѿͷỵµġ
ʺ̸ȥŮƢɲ̫ãؼʱ̣ǧֳʲôѽ


1270 ʮ
ͺñйһʡݵĴСΪ󲿷֣󲿷֣а㣬˻ʹں嫳֮⣬⻹ĴУΪǣ׻ǣȸǸǡĴУɺĴүҲǺӾĸֵܣ
ÿһУһ޴ıǵǴκ֮Ǻķɴ֮ЩɴÿһҪκεĽѣÿ춼ǹ̶ļˣ̶һ̶֮ڵֻܵȵڶˣҪȥĳаݷѣ̽ʲôģҪǰһ㣬ȥǼǡ
һĵطȴ٣ҲΪˣڲδκεᣬЩү˿ҰģԼһĳֵأҪʱ򣬾ʹԼľǰЭ
嫳ǵıλں嫻ʹ֮⣬ǧ֮ߣƽס
ڱΧһǿҵĽ⣬Щⲻʲôʱ򣬶ĿҲֻзɴʱЩŻ
Ӿ㣬źү󳼣Ѿ߳˻ʹȫۼ˻ʹ֮һ㳡ϣҲǱ֮ǰȴţӭų̫ӵĵ
ʵǺӾ㣬ү󳼣ÿһ˵޲ĳҵֻϧʱδǱ߻δϢԣڳÿһˣ˭ҵλĳ̫ӵģϾʽ˼ģ˼Ҳһ㶼ηˣ˸յ͸ĵģǳҷôÿһﶼĵԼȥңȴ˹
ֻηһˣ˾ǳۣûԶɽ
۲һжǿ̸һ۵̨ˣǾǺ˵㡣
ӷֲɵϣô᲻֪뷨ʲôִʲôӷ綼뵽һ룬ֻǹڳǲֵ£ӷ벻ģ򣬳ӷҲĸԸܵˣһڵ򣬰︸׶ԸδǣǵļƵóѡ
Уһҷɴ֣ͬʱڱΧҲѾ˽⡣
۵ĺӾ˵̫Ѿˡ׼һ£ʼʱµļƻûʼ֮ǰ˭ܽλ̫Ӹˡ
˶ӦЩŮ֮⡣
ӾͲµһ͵ˣ֪һ⣬ôĺˣȴȥ˼̫࣬ʱ˭УÿһˣҲǴǸʱһ߹ģӾΪĵģЩˡ
죬޹
Ӿ̾˿ͬʱһԼʮ꣬һɫӣӢΧ꣬Χһת
з죬Ƿһεļ̳ˣǺϵһ䡣
Ǳߴм̳ˣҴӷһ¼֮ټĺ˵ԼҪҳһӷƥߣǷķĪ
ǷΪǿļ̳ˣҲһʵǿģΪӸֶη棬ܵУҲúӾ̾ϢΪʲôԼĶӵУûһأ
ڷԺĹҲ˺ӾΪɵԺӾʵ۸ɵҲǳТ˳еļӣүļӣϵǳã򣬺Ӿ㣬ôһ󻼣
ǰϴŲΨһһΣںӾǰд󳼵ǰ¶ı顣
ǿ֤ΪѾʥ磬ڵɱʱɢ
Ƹ
Ӿǳ
ɵɱˣжôƣ
ûϢļһⲻΪסңİ취ģ֪÷Ҳʹ㽫ˣҲҪΪֿһ£ֻȳǱһң޿Խӷ罻㴦ãֻҪ㲻ɱô
ɱ죬֮ǰû˸ȥ
˫ǷμҲǷүүĸףȴ겡ˣ˷ӣڷ˵ҲǼ¡
С˫ֵܣûϢֻз죬÷˫Щİο
£СӵƢҲ벻Ҫŭ
˫úùܽһСӣƢҲϡ
ǣϳס
ɳԶةǰһ·ļ˵죬İɣ޸ģҲҪһʱֻӰˡ
Χһڰοŷ죬ݺ˵Ҿ죬ȳһңҲ
Ӿҡҡͷ˿Χֺһˣʵʮأ
ڳȫҡͷʮӾʮҲǺӾСӣ棬һҲǺӾ޻ҵ裬ˣӦͱ˺ǻҲ⡣ÿһνΪʱǸСӣͨһ㲻࣬һ㲻ٵͨյķǳã˹ʺ˰㡣
ԱһСѾͷָָԶ˵ȶˣڻء
˷ۿȥֻһԼʮ꣬ڲԶĵϣǴźࡣ
ϾʹһףǻƿӣܲЭֳǸ롣
ӾʮӣǻʺһСӣǺӾģŽʹʽݣСʧȥĸ׵Ƿǳ

ǰСƹ̧˹
Ӿʮ۾ʵˣˡ
ȥģ
Ȼƣ
쵰
£벻Ҫŭ̫ӣϾҪˡ
ôĻ쵰
Ӿʮվ˿ΧľƳζ˶ȥ
˻ûѽҲûʲôˣһ࣬һ١ǼȺȻȥˣ
ֱǰץס˺Ӿʮļ˵ʮӣ㻹ߡ

Ӿʮɫһ䣬תŷ졣
Сӻûڱ¸˶ڳΪӣôǰߡ

ӾʮЦһȻǰڷĶ˵죬ңˣ
λϵӾʮ仰ʱɵһֻ֣ء
ʮӣ£ǹϵҵ¡һˣ㲻᲻ܰɣ
Ҳ˵Ƶġ
£Һθɡ
һĻƣҶԸӷ硣
⻰Ӿʮ˵Цݣ˵˵ģ
Ȼ
ǸѽҰ㣬ô
ǲǷ֪֪֪֪ˣ֪
ˣѹЩϼһﶼϲˡ
ʵҲֻ㲻Ը⡣
Ļûʲôˡ
ֵܣԡ
ð֪˳۵ľ㡣Щϼһﶼϲ㣬һˡ
ǲԼҰ㱣ܣڰаҽšȻǺ飬鷳ܲܲܰɡ
껨ơ
ꡣ
꣬벻룬룬ӰǼһԸ㡣
ѽݣˣ


1271 Ű
ɴѾ䣬ӷ߳ɴǿһƬգﲢû̫ҲûûκεǳǱһƬţ
ʵ·ϣ߾Ѿӷ署һº֮⣬ȽϸͬϵĶǲļģֻжڣʱޱȣʱǳգǱϾǱ
һУÿеĽʧ⽵٣Ҳǵʱ󲿷ֵ˶߳ԼļţȫڼֻĻӣܵ¥ֵطȻƣںķ糾ŮӣҲǸǿߣЩ¥Ůֻգ˸Ļ¥ŮӣҲᶯɱ˵ġ
һɱ˲ĵطһжʵΪ׼ʵɱҲá㲻뱻ɱֻɱ˵ĻǰʱϾ͹ԹԴڼҪܡ
ĳ˵ϣЩʸ¥ˣʵ൱ȻҲĳС֣ǿ˱ģߴһǿĻУʮӣӾʮһǳ͵Ĵڣ
Щ֮⣬ӷҲߵĿ˽һ壬Ĵк嫻ҵЩ£Ȼ߹߳ŷģΪľóӷ֪ǵ磬ǳҵĵ̣ʵģģԣ˺ĵϣҪͷˣǧҪκһˣ򣬵ùģ㡣
ӷЩ󣬽¶һмЦݣûзϡ
ڵ򣬻ں磬ӷҪ飬˭ֹˣ
ҵʹһ·ӷڷɴϣͬû˵ֻǳӷһ˺ʱ򣬲Ҫ͵ʲôʲô˶࣬ǿֻҪԼҲ⣬ͲȻˣǻǿëѽ˳ۣɱ˾ǡ
˱ӾеĴ󳼣ȫӭںӾһɱҲǿͬǳŭ
ӷʹߣʹ߱ӷΪʹߣΪŮΪңǵ֣ӷ粻֪ҲûҪ֪
˫׵ľʱֹͣ
Ӿ´һ³ӷ磬ӷڣûɢ˿ָոյõϢӷûʧȥúӾе㵣ˣλ̫ӣȻʵص֮ãбѽ
̫ӴҺʵ޵ѽ
ƣ⻰˵жôαѽǸ˶֪Ӿ޻ҸͷھȻ˵ĻǱϵĻҲ˵̫˵ɡ
ӷϵĲӾǱߣЦݣЦѽʲôЦģǵʣѵҪЦֲɵ
ɵģһȺ𵲱̫ӵ·Զһ㡣
ӷͻȻһ仰˶סˣҵʹߣûӦ
̫ӽôˣ˵еѽôͻȻһԸ񣬱˵Ű裬һǰٷ֮ٵӵѽ
ʵӷʹע⣬ֱӽƴţԸ˳
ǲȰҵĵϸǾɣǧҪҿɿҵгϷӵܣһ仰͹ͷʹˡ
̫ӣҲ̫˰ɡǺǱ³룬ô̬ԡ
ɳԶة˵
ϼһһˣôȥѽ̫ӾƢܰѱ̫ôŰɡٸ̫ӷϻӰǼС椽г̫ӾûԵĻʹȥС檡̫ǲ˼̫ӿɲطһ̣Ϸء
أˣȥ
̫ӣɵǼɵѽ
ɵǼɵӷλ÷˾
ȷһŮ˵
СӣҪ
ৡ
һӻʹǱ˹¶еΪ۷徳硣
ѾԱˣǺĳӾһɳ
ĺһСѾͷȻ۷徳ӷ绹еСطˡ
𣬱
ӾɻˣǱ߻δңۻδʧԼĵľһ˸̫Ϊѣû뵽յĵ飬̾ͷˣ
ӷ翴ųԼ⣬Ҳϣֱӳǰߣ˵ù·ȫ̫
Ӿ˶еɵۣɱڿǳģȻǰߣ
ųӷˣӾȫһ
ʹߣŸǹǻʺ󣬸ҶԱ̫Ӷ֡ɱˡ
̫ӣǸᣡ
ӳӷ߸ֹӷһתŭղŷɴϵˣһͳͳɱ⡣
ǣ̫ӡ
ʹһһѳգ֮䣬ৼʮʿȫ˵ϡ
ʥ۷ǿߣ
ʥ۷ǿߣϣͬʱߡ
ߵΪʹһǱϾˣ̫죬ԼӦ
ߵĲϣۿҪȡߵʱѾ嵽˳ӷǰͬһѳֱ̳ӷ硣
ӷ粻ŲæһϹһֻϹ֣ӷΪֲ̫һ뿪˺
̫ӣҪ̫ˡ
ǰһվԳӷ硣
ʸ̫˵𡣹Ӿ㣬վ
ڳǿȴûһ˸ҳֹʹߵģ°̫󣬵³ҷڿɲǶԸӷʱ
̫ӣСŮ£֡
ֵȻᣬϲɱˡҿɣӣϼһĹ󣬻һȺСϹŮϹ֪Σ


1272 
ӷ˵һҲûг񣬶ǺӾ޻ҵĹȻˣǳӷΪʲô˵Ҫһȥһǲе̫Цˣ
ܶѾ̲סЦ˳Ǹͽӷ統˰׳գɵ𣬾ҪɣҲҸзѽһʲôѽ
Ҳһʥ۷徳ĹʣǵУǲˣȫԽʥ۷徳磬һӾ֮⣬ⳡΪߵģҲֻʥ۷徳ˣӷƵģǺӾ޻ңʵҲֻ˲ſĳӷѾѻ˵ĺˣǺΪ󲿷֣ʥ磬ҳң϶쾳ǿߣʣʲôҳҶͿ˶˶õĻǻҪʵҪΪʲô
ɳԶةվ֣Ц̫ӣ鴫ѽյǺֱӸһֻǲ֪ǲǻĿģ
ɱԶǸˣˣȴϣλȥˡ
֮ʳĻûֱӵƳӷ磬ǲȥҪһ̨׸ӷ£ͬʱҲҪҸ̨׸Ӿ£һߵ²̨ףǹƳӷͿȥˣԼʲôʣɵɣ⻰ֱ˵
ϼһﻹǴǲ֪һ֮⣬ڳûиһˣ߱Ҳԡվñ̫ƣǺ׶ʲôС
˿ҲѾеǰŭԳӷ治һѽ֮࣬Ҳŵʱ٣֮ǰѾ뵽Ľֳ£ǸһɱԼˣҲȻԼʰ̯ӣԼʲôġ
һѽ濴Ű裬¼ϣȴѾеĺ·ȫ̵ˣһ˵ĻͲʱѽһ£Լʱ̶ˣ֮ʲôʲôƻʩвˣ
ǼٺͿ˵Ƿ죬ɳԶ˫ЩϺֱ꣬治ˡ
ֱ治ǵ£һϵûУ̯ӣ鷳ʰһ¡
Ӿ㣬ôˣŮ
Ӿھɱ˳ӷ磬ȴֳܱ
һЦӾ˵̫ӣῪЦǵСɫɱ˾ɱ˰ɣѵ޻Ϊ˼Сɫ̫Ӽƽϲɡ
ӷҲԥ˵ģ͵Ѿϼһһ·
λҷǳлҵطתתȻĹ¶ˣҲͲˡ
ںǺڣԼǳԱ˳ŵģʱΪʲôԸҪȥӳӷأȥԼϣⲻǸԼ·
ɼȻӾ㶼˵˻߻˵ʲôҪ֣͹ԼһҪȴû뵽̫ӣȻһˡ
ɱ˰ɡ
ӷںɱ˶ԣ͸һǳƽƵģһѹûУ
ʹеĳһ৵һʥ۷徳ߣˣֵĻᶼûУᣬҲһ֣Ϊµ
ǺĹأ˭㱻˼ҸסˣԼû£Ҳǻá
ӷһЦ˵طϲ棬ɱˣһֻƵġ֪Щˣò󣿡
ӷֶһŰĻ˼˵ҪǣҲƵġ
ģԼġΪֻѽҸǰɣģһƥǣ˶¹ͷĲǡ
ǰӷ翴źӾ˵ĻԡӾ㣬ӦðҰסĵطɣ
Ȼǰź˵ġ̫ӣһ·ҲˣȽõŰɡ
ʱԳԣ̫ûİãϲ漸ŮˡȻҪŮ͸ңǾֱҸ䣬ǰ˰ɡ
ӷ磬㲻ҪҪ
̲ס˳
ӷתۿȥһͲ󣬵Ȼⳡϴ󺰴УǾ˵ݲסˣǺеһɫ
ΣյһˣѾ¶˳ͲҪӷ취ȥǳˣҲõԼıͱӡ
ʲôȻ̫˵
졣
˼ûһ£Ǹǰɣļˣ
ǡ
Ǿѹˣ˵ǺһΪɫġСӣ̫ӿ㣬ǺӾ޻ҵһоûһģʱԵĻ˴仰̫ӰѺӾλӸ
ӷ磬䣿
ޡʲôģɵӶĵȻӾ޻ûǾһεĻʵۻպӾ޵ģ죬ܰס𡣵еǿȫ£ˡʲôʵ۲ʵ۵ģĻʵۣǰĻʵۿҲѽǸһ仰˵Юô
˻
˫£ӷǷҵĹϵ
ӾЦҪģЩ£޲ϵġˣ̫ӣҲ˲ʱˣҲеˣЩˣ㵽ɣȹ죬̸¡
Ӿתֱӳʹȥû֪ʲô


1273 ź嫻ʹ
ɳԶΪة࣬Ҳ˵Ǹʵ۲ڵʱԴʵ۴һЩеС£ȻڻʵѾȥǳӷʹߵңȻš
ȻӷʵģǾͲóӷסطȥɳԶڻʹ֮ڰһסСϾǻʹҲʮֵĺ
̫ӣ֪ϷİŻ񣿡
ɱԶȴųӷڻʹطתһȦҲһЩĵطʹصأȻܴӷȥģ㣬ӷҲĺܡ
Ȼûǵ˭͵ءˣǸʲô״ʲôʱʼ̫ڵæأû̫ʱ˷ѡ
ɳԶЦһˣѵ߲ɣ
ӷȻҲǹ˵ģ˵ԼͲ֪ԼʵģɳԶ͸λ̫ӵʵ֮ǰְ仹ڣӣû֮ǰôʹˡ
̫ӾȰסɣǹ״ˡ˵ⳡ״רΪ̫׼ģǵۣҪⳡ״ɫԣ˳̫֮⣬ǺһУҲ˲μӵģϣ̫Ӳ⡣
һȺѣѵǱ̫ӵĶ𡣺ˣ챾̫Ҳеˣ߰ɡ
ɳԶ˵ͷԼһة࣬ɲСƨת԰ģȻ㶼ˣһϽҪ졣
ϷͲų̫ˡ
˵˼׻ɳԶ뿪˻ʹ߳ʹɳԶһʵүǸ̫ӣͿװͿѽ񶼲֪Լʵģ
ɳԶ̾˿˵Сӣ˿͸ɵƾ֮ǰı˵ӦòǸӦ⼸춼Ϸ򰲷һ㣬˭Ҳ׼κ˷ìܣǳӷ磬ʲôطȫرᣬ鷳
˵ǣү
ʹӷס֮ûκһʿأӾֲɵʶ˳ӷ֮ڳӷסĵطֻ¡
̫ӣղп湻ģǸӾƨҷһ
ʹѾ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰ˵ʱս׼ȻڶûˣǾӦһ㡣
εĸߵһᾪǿߡʵ۵ľ֮⣬ЩǿҲһѾյ˷ʲô״ᣬҪμӣ״϶Ըҵġ
̫ӣǱΪ¸ӡˣڿûӡǰҪǿ
Ҷѣ⻹ҪˣǺλʼʣӾްҹ
Ӿްҹ𣡡
ôǸǳݵĽɫڻԺǶҪСһ㣬ΪںһУε״ᣬͼƻ˵ġڵ棬ܿͻˣүүǲмưɣ
ʹ˵бңûܶǳҷֺġ̫ӣ˵Ǹ죬ǺһеĶ֮ǰǾͰˣһ뾡취Ըǵġ
ҪԸҵģǸ죬µģµǺӾ㡣ǼһղűȻ̵סһʱ֮ˣֲĽɫȻ֮⣬Ҳܺˡղʱû⣬˼˵֮⣬Щû˵У˭ֵעģ
ʹû˿ԥͬʱ˵һ
ʹ˵Ǹ˵˵ֲ̫񣡡
ǲվڷǸʮꣿ
û
šղҲ飬һɱʮˣһʥ۷徳ǿߣ˶ɵۣȴֻǸ꣬һ㶯ûУվڷЦȫҲһˣɱ֮Цĳġ
̫ӣǸղѾˣ˽кӾʮǺӾСӣʮӣҲǺйϵķ
ûзЩʲôݣģĸףˡ
ÿ꣬һΪԣģ˭ǻҳԱǸӾʮǸÿһεĲԣͨǸպͨ
ӷЦһ˵ӣһ濴ۣµǺӾ㣬Ӳʲô壬ĴǸʮӡһװƵĽɫѽ
ʹ߲ɵһЦҿӷ硣
ӷ˵ǲЦң
²ҡ̫ӣ˵ʵڵ磬ǹϵװװҵĽɫ
װƺãװƵˣĿ죬װƣҲҪװƵʵУ򣬾ͱɵˡǸӾʮʵһôľ磬ҪԹ֪
˶٣ӷʵˣǲ˵ҰѾںӦ˭
ǻ治֪˱֮⣬үӣ֪ǸӦĻǸҲǺеСɫҲпǸԱµ·˵Ȼ߰ˣǾͲӦûǸС
ţ취ҵҲͨߣ֪Ӿްҹڵʲôƻ
ǣ̫ӣһᾡϵġ


1274 嫳¥
ӵףȻǾסںģں嫳ǣҲŸۡ
˫ŷ˻صۡʱȫκˣʲôݷãȫ֮⣡
˵үүǸӷ̫ǸˣȻôһףҪǷ֮ìܣԼ֮£ǿɲܾˣ
챻Ϊһеƺ濴Ʒ⣬ҲΣ
ӷ˵һӾˣһӼ̳˻λôߣǰ𣬷죬ίڱ֮⣬Ȼܶ˶Ϊģϴδ֮ĹϵҷҲû롣
ɽ죬ųӷĵֱӽδˣͲò÷˫Ĵǣ
죬ڿʼʲô飬Ҫ͵һ㣬ǰ޼ɵˣ
Ҳ׷˫˼ʵ۱֮ǰı飬ɵϣܲµݻʵ۱ʲô
ⶼǳӷǻ쵰ģĻҲһġ
ʹˡûгӷǷã治ɵǷڲǣΪһң»ҪȥԿǱߡһҵˣǶԺԺӾ޻вģǷˣ
ν黢ڵңһҵĻҪôѧ̣Ҫôѧݣ㶼Ļǵֻһ³Ǿ
˫ҲֻϺ֪꣬ʵ۱Ϊɻʲô
˵үүģ֪ôڶԸʱǷ壬ܳǰ档߸֮ˣδй³
˫̾˿ӵⷬ⡣
񾡣أ߹룻йı⣬ǵ֮ҹõֶΣ
δйưԣȡ嫵ҰģҲòΪԼΪԼļ㣬һ·ҲλʮӣԼĺ·ɣ
үүҳȥһ¡
ͷϣʱȥʲôط
ȥʶһº嫳ǵ¥˵Ůӣǲ
˫ûֹΪ֪ԼӣǸӵܣҲӲмȥ¥ֵطȻҪȥǾһҪ죬Լ綼Ҫ彻ģܶ£Ҫȥ֡
嫳ǵ¥࣬׼ȷ˵һҶѣһҵ⣬ȻҲǷǳõġ
ӴⲻǵʮôϿǶûˣǼСĺء
ڴСǣӿඡ֮󣬵һΪ¥ĿˣĳͣҲǺĵʮӣӾʮ
Ӿʮóһӣӣ˵õķ
ӴʮӣĲʱõķ䣬Ѿ˸ˣ
ӵʹԼʮңϾ͸ƨƵģΪȻƷľ磡
ɣմ⣬ҿǵһģô˰˷䣿
ʮӣҲ֪طСȴࡣеĸ߹ٹ壬ϲܵⲻڼʱǰһͣõķһһѽ
һꣿĸѽô󷽣
˵Լ˵ĻһеģҲöʡ
ˣСǼȫҽйҼ䷿ˡ
ӴʮӣǲɡȻСǶʮ죬ȫλһĿ˸ˣ
ҿĸҹȥǰɣ
ʱ򣬺ܶ˶Ѿ¥Ӱ쵽⣬ͽӾʮһ˵
ʮӣҪҸٰĹ
ҲֻˣһʵĻӣҲѽ
˵ģôҲǻ𡣡
ûɶ˲ġ
ʱ򣬺һ
˭ôʶ࣬ȻҸʮŮˣ浱ǻĲͷˡ
תȥһİ׳֡
ӾʮЦСˣһΪҸء
ӼһӢ߹һĹʵʮӣλǣ
СӾǷķ졣
ӾʮһܣӶͷ
Թԣʲôѽ֮ǰ˰һķ䣬ڣλ˵еķ̳ҲˣǹеĹѽ
ΧսĿˣȫкȫǳд󳼣ߵڶȻ֪Žɫġ
ӣôߵһˣ֡
ǣһһţҲ̫˰ɣ
ܣʮҪתˣӣԺҪúðͽһ£
ܵõȫ֧֣̫ѡɾʮˡ
Ҫ˵ô磬ߵһֻǸɺأȹ۲һʱ˵ɣҲǶ֮λ̫Ӹһɱˣ£¶û˵ôء
ˣȻƵģҪȵľ˲С
Ӿʮ˵ӣٷϻϽģٰżϷúдλӡ
գȥš


1275 ز¶
Ӿʮ¥ĵֵһŷ䣬Ҳ¥ڶķ䣬֮ǰ˵Ǽ䱻˰һģֵһŷ䣬ǲõһϿ˵ݣӲܽġ
Ӷֵ֪һŷ˭ȻһԸһĽӣҲͲ̫ˣϾ˵⼸嫳ﲻ̫ƽ巢ʲô£ȴûʲô֪
Ӿʮ뷿֮ڣ¥һȽرˣˣͲǿˣǸҪġ
ڵ磬ôһõ˽¥ֵطһ̱˸ϳȥںͬôȻ˻ںûбȥ֤ʵԣǸҪģ¥ǿˡ
ر˴ԼʮңϵĲѾˣһͷƮݵĳͷ·ֱ֮ͷƮеǰӣȥǸˡ
Ӽִ˽¥ȻӭȥΪӺ磬ԽѿģʵԽߣٿƲ£ȣѾ³ݡ
ӴûĻλһǽ嫵ĲºӰɣ
ºһرˣһرֱ֣˵ڣеĿ˸ȫ˹
ʲôѽ˸죬ºˣ¥ѵᷢʲô²ɣ
˭֪أ˭ֶ֪вºֵĵطһ̫ƽǶ֮ºܵ嫳ˣ֪ʲô
ѵǲ֪죬ǳ״˵ºǸɫ֮ͽһΪ״ġ
δءº䲻ںɫͷһѵȴӲ͢ôܻȥμӳ״ᡣ
ȻΪ״ᣬⲼºΪʲôܵ嫳ˣ
˭֪أȥкɣĺ֮㣬һҪͽãպǰ;Ǻаġ
ºˣǰδֹţƾųߵΪԴ˺ܶǿߣһʱ
˵Ӿ㣬Ѿյ˴˽볯͢Ϊ͢Чɲºȴδ̤嫳ǣ͸˵ǽ볯͢ˣ
ԣһʵʥּӵˣضǸ֮ˣҲΪκã˵ʲôˣ
״ᣬºų֮⣬ûʲôѽ
ԣѵΪǸ̫ģһսģ
û˸˵ʲôȻû֪𰸣ҲûҪȥʡ
ºǸȽϿ֮ˣӣҲЦǲºλϰ壬ʲôþƣù
ºǽķѽܹС꣬ǿСԵȣ˰ź÷䡣
ˣұȽϲ֣ɡ
ºݣڴãе㲻̫ʰɡ
ʲôݲݵģһ鲼°ˣʲôطһ
Ǻã벼º£Ϊ׼Ʋ˸
ϰ壬鷳һ£е㣬µһС˼
ºһӵݸӣǰһЦлʣαôأ
ëǮ˵
Ҳûʲô£ֻһ£̫ӣǲѾ˺嫳ǣ
ȻΪλ̫ġ
˵ǳ̫Ӱɣ

û쵽ģڳﶼˡС̫Ǹ̫ˣһ͵Żʵ۱µ棬ɱʮأһʥ۷ǿߡ
ºЦˣûˡ
û£ҾȥΪ׼ˡ
ȥɡ
һᣬƲˣƯĹﶼˣºҲǱŮƣ̧ͷķ䴰
ڲºķڣӾʮҲѾע⵽档
죬ºΪ˳ӷġ
Ȼֹһºи֣ȫѾ嫳ǵ·ˡ̫ӣ˶һᡣ
ӷյãϢӦûô촫£йذɣ
ʮӹز¶ûϢҴȥġӷյɱˣǵűµɱֱʣЩǿߣôܻ᲻ŭһңռ˶ʢӣⱾǶǿߵľ޴ڳӷյ͸ɱˣûǿ߷ֱսǺǿߡ
Ǹӷ磬˼ǣ죬ҿԸģ㣬ˣûһǳӷĶ֡
ʮӣǲǰѳӷ˵̫ˡ
˵ģֻ߲ס
Լã
һָоѣҵĸо͸ҶԼĸоһһǳΣյܶʱҶԼһ治ˬˣҲ˵
챳ð亹λʮӿɲ˵ѽʵΣҲֻз֪Ǹʱ򣬷볯͢£պ˺Ӿʮ֮˵ìܣԱûˣʹѵһӣȴϣһ֮䣬ԼСûˣ
˵Ӿһ϶ǿߵĻΪӾʮԼص̫
ʮ꣬ΪѾɲˣ˵ʲôӾʮԼ˵ģԼԼˣҲΪµģ


1276 ʮӵҰ
죬ڳӷ쵱ϼһ˵Щʲô뷨
Ѿ˽еҪӾʮ̸ȽеĹȥˣúӾʮе㲻ˬȻҺӾʮ̸µģǴҹȾҲ
±ϾףʵڲףΪʲô͸ԳƵģ
죬Сڷ峤Ȼ֪ͷֿࡣҵԵĿ࣬ĸԵĿ࣬Զ޷ĵġϼһĸʲô󲻵Ϊĸ֮ǰĶңǧҪϼһ鷳ΪһֹطȻ𣿡
ȷ˲֪λʮӵ£֪ģµĻҲҪȳӷʵ۱ͱ˸ˣټĺ˭ܹ赲סλʮ鷳ģ
ǰҲ˵һЩĸҲеͬ顣һ¹һ£ҶΪΪģܱô֣ǶǺһӡеʱǾӦûеʱҲӦ̫ˡ
֣ҵֵģǰʵǹֲĸ׵ĶʱҶ𡣵ڲһˣӷĵǸһᡣ
᣿˵Ļᣬʲô˼
죬ϼһһôˣ㲻᲻үү˫ҲĺܡйıԹŲĻʼֶΣҲһɡҷ棬Ŀǰһ޵еĳ򣬺ߣһӾްҹļƻɹˣʧұض군ͬʱǷ壬ͳΪϼһвǷжôģֻҪвߣͳͳ
Цһ㣬Լγ֪ԼҲ˵ˣΪµģ۾ϣزݵ飬ԼǰҲڽˣҲΪԱ
ʮӣǻлѽʲô£ֱ˵ˣҷܰĵģһ㡣
ʵѾԴӳӷ絽˺֮󣬺ӾʮǱһƵģǰܻ˵Щ£ڲ˵ˣһ˵ĺԡ
Ҳû˼ֻһ£ҲǸһҸɡҪסǷ壬˭ס֮⡣
㣿ʮӣʲô
ӾĺһھƣЦĳλ
һƣͣߣþõģûзӦ
λʮز¶ƽҲʲôҰѽôˣôӷһ뵽ⷽȥˣҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ʮӣҳԣɲ˵ƾʵסԴǷ壬ɾ֮ˡ
Ϣ㲻Ǳϵѵţ㵨𡣡
ţ㣬ҡʮ꣬ͽ϶쾳磬֮ڣ˵ʼʱ¸֮⣬ǵˡ
Ȼ֪ҵʵ㻹ڵʲô
ܲĴ£Ϊѽڳҷ滹δʱҪıλĻһܳɹ
ҾҪʱϼһԸҵʱ򣬽
Ҵܾˣ֮
𣿡
£ҿɲ׵ͷҪʹүүС
˫ȥĻһɱ㡣˫һôˣҸ
˰ɣˣΪֶΣԸʮӣӦָ˰ɡǰĬĬţֻڵȴһˣĻˣŻ˵Щ¡ȻУӷӦû㵽ġ
ûΪӷĻҵļƻܻҪȺܾáڣҾͿóӷ磬ʩҵļƻˡ
ҪǾͱҪٷ֮ٵİա⣬ˣڵǱߣһʼʱ£ǿԸ˵ġ
ܷģӾްҹҪģһļ̳ˣܵõλǾ˵ϼһﲻˣô˵ŵģҲӾްҹѪʱֻͦңԲôġ
Ӿʮ˵ûеĺӾްҹҲǽδȷһˣֻҪˣЩûõģ˾˰ɣϡ
һ£ʵô
һң㡣
ң
û֧ҵĻǾͱҪȷںŮˡ
˵𣿺Ӿʮѵ롭
ԣһˡ״ϣҾҪչ¶һңԣʱӷľ֣㣬ҡ
Ӿʮãһ𣿡
һŮ˶ѣҲϼһģȢʱҲû˸Ҷ˵ʲôҪֻ֪Ϊóӷֺ֮ǰֳԸ˵Ǽ٣һ״϶棬δ̨֮£ãӷʲô𡣶жһŭΪգ˵ڶʮǰҲˣν丸ӣ䲻ǳӷеŮˣΪ˳̫ͷҲưոݵģΪһУϼһҪѿʱҪԸģԲңϼһֻҪӷһ֣ҾͿԵ˵棬ɱҽϢһʱ䴫ңҷ棬᲻һɱʱӾްҹļƻҲòǰʼ˫ĻڵأӾްҹеԳһˣʵӦþڲ֮ˣ۲˵ӾްҹҲսǸʱͳΪҵ𡣡


1277 峡
òϣӾʮȷһǳĻǸļһںô꣬ʱ򣬲Ҫ¶
ʶҲǺӾʮͼƻ˵ģ
һ֪ʵأҲǰչֳİɣ
ûҴѽ˵ҵΪѾ϶쾳磬Ҫһ֮ȥµĻ˵׼һôĽ֮ڣ˺Ӿ޻֮⣬ǳҸǷΪǿ󡣳һĴڣ˵Ϊ嫹ʢôãδϷ嫣ߣҲҶԳֻǷ壬Ҫ죬ҿ㱣ֻ֤Ҫλǵҵǻ֮һ֮£֮ϵȨߡ
̫Ҫһʧܣ֮أ壬ܱȳĸ硣
ɲʲôһˣǾһ··ϣҲԲܻͷˣ
²һܾģҿ
Ӿʮɫ΢΢һ䣬ǿҵɱѾɢ˳
¥£º̸оǿҵɱȻеһϣʹߵļһ
Ӵ¹ӣôˣȵĺúõģô
Ӹ¥ˣȫоǿҵɱҲӵŵɱģԲͨˣڳ˭ȥѰɱԴÿһ˵ﶼʮ¥ڣɢ˵ɱģһ֮⣬еڶˡ
ºоɱԼǵвģҲȥ
û뵽ΪȻ˾硣治֪Ǹ̫ӵΪһôľ硣
ºֹţȴ֪ڳҲû֪ɱͲǷɢģڵķ죬ڳÿһһҲǺ¡
ӾʮûнеɱȫɢֻɢһСְˣ֪ڣһ϶쾳ǿߣǿߣԼǸףԸϹģϾ϶쾳磬Ǵ˵еĴڣټĺϣֻкӾһˣڵڶˣؼʱ̣ʣӾʮὫԼ϶쾳Ϊ¶ڴǰ
¥ʱˣȫ̧ͷĵֵһŷ䡣
ڣ쿴źӾʮ֪ȻӾʮЩ˵˳ԼûջȥĿܣԼҲû˵ĿܣԼԸ⣬ҲҪ򣬺Ӿʮܻһ֪֮˻𣬲Լ壬ڽһҹ֮䣬Ȫ
ӾʮҲ˵һ仰񣬸ɱѾ˵һС
ҿûʱ˵һҪйҺȾء
һʱ䣬ɱȻʧ˿ˣҲȫ˿Ϊλʮӵã첢㶯ȴ֪õˣǷŶԡ
ӣǸɼϼУӦˡ
˲̫ϲǿ˲ϲ顣㲻ԸĻһǷһȥ
ǸȥǵԨ
£ɣҪҵʱ˵һˡϲ㲻Ҫ³֮Ҳϣҡ
ɴߣСڡһŮѣʱҪôŮûСǸã³֮󣬲ɳңҲͳͳҪ
˳߲ǺӾʮ˶֮󣬽Ҫĵһ飬ҲƽҪһ¡
¥˸ո˿ӾʮҲֵط˵ʲôʱͻȻ¥֮⣬˽Ų
תͷȥֻһ꣬һүһһŮ˽
Ӿʮ໥һۣͬʱߵ˴ǰ档
û뵽ȻҲˣ
ݺݵĿˡ
߶ǿͣһ嫳δˣǾȥкɡ
ڣǰѾϳһˣǰԼֵһŷһ֮ˣλѽ
˭ôǣ
㲻֪ǳ̫ӣӷ硣
ʱյǺ͵űµɱˣҸ֮ϵǸ̫ӣ
û˼ңǣ治Ϊҵļ̳ѽңһΪ֪Ϊһôľ磿
ҴǺز򵥰ɡҿʨ޵лĶӣʲô򵥵Ľɫ
ϰ壬Ƕķģ
ʹʵ
ͷԱЩ˵ĻԼǸѽô֪·֮ˣǳ̫أ£Լ鷳ˣλ̫ӽɰ͢ˣ´˳ȥԼС꣬ҪҪˣЩ͢󳼣һŹԼģ
⣬
⣬ЦλʵڱǸѾ˸ռˡͰѶ˻ǰɡ
ռˣ
ʹʵ
һЦ֪˵ʲôˣ¥Ů˹ȻƵѽµġ
̫ӽȼʵûطĻʹߣ峡ɡ
ǣ̫ӡ
ʹߣһһѽ˳
ѾѾ޵ģʲô˼˶ɱⲻɡ
̫ӣҲ̫˰ɡ
ܶѾվλ̫棬һ룬˼ҶҵŻʵ۱µǰɱˣɱһʥ۷徳ǿߣԼЩˣ˼ҵĶҲҷѽ
̫ү𼤶ǣҸղŸˣ仹Уλء
ţɱ̫ڲҪǼˣϰ壬㿴ԼȫȥأҪ̫ӵ˴ͣ


1278 ĸһ̨Ϸ
Ѿ˽ϵü幫Ӹ磬Ѿ˿׼ԼЩˣȫĳͣ˭ҽԼЩ˸ϳȥģǳ͢Ĵ󳼣Ҳ
ڣһߣȻҪ峡һɨص飬һԼЩ͹ԹԵˣһ˳ȥԼЩպôѽ
ֵܣҪ嶯
ڣмȽǵļһֹסЩҪĹӸ磬ǰλ̫ӣʵ۱¶Ҷֺģڲң͸˵ЩֻһЩ͢󳼵ˡ
ڣֻһºŵģˣȫվ
ӺΪѣһ治ҵڳôˣһҲ˵λ̫ӵǿţ˼ҿ˵ɱ˾ɱ˵ģʥ۷徳ǿߣڳž¥ϵλӣаɣ
̫ӣģ˸˳ȥԺʲôѽ
ǸѽԼôôù֪·λ̫ӵˣԼͲӦ¶
¿ɺˣﻢ£߶ﲻѽ
ⲻǳ̫𡣻ʹ֮ƣôܵСС¥ˣ
¥ϣӾʮһͬ˵ʮӣû˵ȴںӾʮǰ档
ӷ粢ûȥˣΪ֪ҲûʲôóԾġ
ôϻô
ӷʹ߰ŵӹֱӾڳˣȫ
̫ǷƢѽҪҼ͵̫ͣӺúһء
ӷ粻мһЦʵʲôˣƾʲô뱾̫ӣ
֪ʣȻǳӷģһʼ͵ƶԷݣǾ̫ˣϾλʮӣڳЩСɫģԼó̫ӣ׽̫Цˡ
ºӾʮⲻǸСɫˡ
ӾʮǺӾ޻
ǰɡ
ǾǸûȨûλˣˣ̫ӣɴӲм
ʱʵ·죬֪ûʸ̫Ӻȼ
죬ˣ
û
ǻõ㡣̫ӺȾƵʱ򣬲ϲһȺΧţԼŰɡ
ڳ˵챾Ҫ¥̫ӣǻ𡣡
ĻзҲᶪԼӣô˵Ƿļ̳ѽϵ
һº֮⣬ˣȫһȫ볡ˡ
ʱ˿һڣȻԼ治֪ô£мʮˣҲǵһ顣
쿴º˵Ϊʲôߣ
ǰ˵ӣλǡ
֪˭ǵĲºڣʱ򡣡
ºȴ򿪣Цֻȼƶѣλ´ŵǵĻ»ĵطˡ
Ӿʮ˵⵹áºĴҲţѵõüһɡ̫ӣأ
ûʥˣ̫Ӳϡ
º˱˫ȭ˵²ţʥƷ
ºʥƷʥƷӾʮأ
ӣûʸˡ
ȻǺӾĶӣǾɡ
ϻΪʮصصֵطģˣһëѽֻǱϲֳܱˣ
ǾͶл̫ˡ
⻰֣ǸûȨûʵĻӣҲǻѽԼĵϣҪ˵ӾʮTMһװȳӷ绹Ҫװ
װɣװҵ뿴װʲôʱ
һˣʹ˵ſڣǸͲĳӷΣգǺӾʮǷ죬ɵϣܻʱԳӷ綯ֵģҪĻղ¥ʱѾˡ
Ʋ˺ܿȴûһ
㣬㿴Ǽˣ֮ѽ
һ䷿Ĵڣһ϶һСѾͷһԼʮŮˣͨ϶
֮Ƿ졣
ɣ춼֮Ļǻ˭أ
СС͸߹㣬ˣܿ档ЩŮڷ糾ˣȻҪȱ˿͸ԼôĶ֪
Ի㿴Ǹ̫ô
ȻҪѧῴˣҲôˣںܷ۴̡λ̫ӣңҲ͸濴Ű裬һﵽЩʲô˭֪
꣬¥ͷŹҲƣÿһˣһ棬һ֮ڣʸˣû
ܶԲѾ˵˶ڱ꣬һ¥ŮӶѣקʲôקѽһ죬һҪΪԼĴ֮
ڷ糾ȴҲĸκ˷һ֮⡣
ʮӽ飬Ѿıˡ
㣬ʵڲףʮڻңǸϵķѽΪʲôôãÿζˣ˭أ
ΪֻʮӲűȽϿġңңҲеͬǴСܸˣĸ׳ģĸҲˡʮӵǱҪãĸ׸һݣݣȴʮϲģ
ǺһʵΪ
ưɣʮӣһ˵ģǸʱǣຣ
껰䣬ͻȻһǿķУ
СС

˷飬ӷ˵Ҳϲ˹ĶҺȾơлŮԾһ㣬һȡ
ڣ˵̫ϢŭСŮֻһʱ棬һó̫ӵķɰˡ
̫Ӳһף


1279 Ƕ
̫ӵƢ治һĻѽһСŮӶѣбҪôŭ𣿡
ӾʮϴЦ⣬ȴССת䣬תʮ΢ֺӵת䣬һʹı֡
֮ǰӾʮ˵ʲôɴߣҪΪŮ֮ƨڣԼȴҲˡ
еССת䣬رˣǾԹ۲첻ģϾӾʮ⻰˵ҲһСŮӣ¥ŮӣԳӷ˵бҪƽ𣬸ûǸҪ
ӷȴӾʮССתĿⲢΪӷĹ۲̫ϸܣҲΪӷ̫Ȼǳλʮģȴܱ֪ӷ֮Է㣬Ǵĵֵһָо
һ˹¶ʱһеʱͻȻһˣںˣܶԷʲôģʲôְҵô㶼ĵãⲻҪκ֪һĵܵʲôίôҲܣϧĸооģͻΪһָ飬ָ鲻ڰ飬Ҳ飬Ӳ飬Ϊһ涼ڣԲŻ
ǰӷڹ¶ԺʱЩСӻСʱֻҪ˹һԼôԼͻ˲˵΢ĸоԣӾʮ΢ת䣬ӷŻῴϵġ
¥ǸŮˣʲôˣΪʲôӾʮָоԺӾʮӵ˵Ӧòѽ
ӣ֮䣬һʲôΪ֪ܡ
ӷһСС⣬ˣûһģſڵʹߣȴѾע⵽ˡ
ʹ߶ʹߵ˵ͷôʹҲˡ
֪ʲôʱʹѾʧ¥ſڣʹһš
ӷ绹һκ˷̬ȣӾʮһһ仰Ҳ˵ǺСƣӿڴóһӵ̣ȼһ֧ʼ
̫ӣʲô
ӾʮڱֵĻܶ࣬Խǻ࣬ӷԽϲ̫ȴԽǲ
˵̣һֺ˵ĶֶԴ˵аٺһ
ӷ粻мһЦ˵֮ᣬƨ
ӷ磬˵˭Ǿ֮ܣ
˭ӻ˵˭
㡭
ˣλǶͷαΪ˵С¼ƽء
̫ӵȷͷû취ѽ˭б̫أһ仰һ壬̫ӿǸŮһʱʧ
ѽĳӷ磬ҵţҪ̫ãҶʬΡ
ºƱ˵˵̫Ϊߣ֪ʲôʱ򣬿Դͽһ£
ڲºӷ֪͸ԯͬһ͵ģһҪ׷Ϊ߾磬ͲȥںɫƣҲֻǱΪԼһַ
ӷƱºһ±Цһ˵ܻлģڡ
һӣһ̳˲Ⱦƣȴһ˺Ⱦƣò˵ӷ磬Ǳһѽ
ҲˣʱҲˣǱ̫ӾˡȣľǮڱ̫ӵͷϡ
ӷȥԼҲûʲôôҺӾʮȻѾ¶һţԼĿҲǴ˰ɣߣѵŸһﶯҪԼɲܱ֤ȫˣϾһΪȫԼ֮ϡ
һǿݺĹȣԼΪ˵һʱӦôȭţ϶ǲеģôڰУһɡ
Ϸ飬ӷ绹ֵġվٸκһ˴кӷֱӳȥ
ߵſʱʹ߶Գӷ˵ͷʾѾճӷ˼ȥˡ
ӷһⳡϷʹڿʼɣⳡϷʱ䣬ȴ̫á
ڳӷ뿪֮󣬲ºҲ뿪ˡ
˵ʮӣô
֪Ǵ޻ǴǡôҵļƻճС֮󣬾Ҫóӷ統ڳͬʱҲ֪ҺӾʮǲǸ
صʹĳӷ磬һûУ㣬ͦģǲɵͲʲôɵ¡
ʹߣôˣ
ѾͨǸϰ鵽ˡǸŮ˽л꣬¥ͷƣȥ¥ˣ뾡һа취һ棬ȴӲκ˼˺Ӿʮ֮⡣
ȻˡӣӾʮǸ֮Ĺϵѽ
̫ӣǲҪǸŮ֣
ȲֻҪ֪ǸŮ˶ԺӾʮȽҪãǾ㹻ˡһˣôǿôһֻҪ֪ϲʲôǾ͵ץסǡ
̫ӣһº֣
ǲ˵ţΪʲôӾʮǸķߵһ𣿡
ûȷ֡
һ˶ǿߣҪһ˵ĻǾͱپ֮ǰźһСǱϵĺţֻǺӾʮһӰˡû´ĻӾʮһ֣״ϣѿͬʱҲ֪ţ˭
̫ӣӾʮǺĻӣΪʲôҪôꣿΪʲôڣ뵽Ҫһˣ
Ϊˣҵĵҵĵһᡣ
ʲô᣿
Ǿãҵı˵һ״϶ӣһô
ŭ
ǾͶˣһŭҪȥãǸʱһ˴Ϣҳң˵ں£˵үүҰ֣ô
ɱһУ
˫ǰսǿ׳ҳҲǿƣҰ˫ܾˣ̵ߣЩʲôˡ
̫ӵ˼˵ӾʮҪˣ
Ӧ˵ĳλŶԡźӾǸλѾһˡ
̫ˣڲһңǳңɾлˡ
ǻҪôҪңƻӾʮļƻ״ᣬҲ䡣֮⣬ҲţƾһӾʮԼƻ˾ܵļƻ̵ıҲһıǸˣʦҲܸʲôϵͨǸ꣬ȥһ£ӾʮƽʲôйӴʮֽܵӴ
ǣȥ顣
ӷ粻ɵһЦ£ҸһӮˣǣǾͿӾʮжˣ
ҹգһӰӻʹ֮룬ˣԼصķǳãʹ֮ڣһ˷ֵġ
ӰٵĽʹ֮󣬲ûڻʹ֮ǰתֱӳȥ


1280 ݾı
֮ڣӰһݾ֮£ڽĳ̸ֽ
еôˣ
˵һŮ˵ӦһͣԲʲôŮ֮ģҲʮˣЩĲ֮⣬ִһϡ
ǱǸ㶨ˣһ죬ܴ塣Ŀǰ巽棬ɷ˫˵˲㡣
˫Ṇ̀Բվߵġ취˫
Ů˵Ļ˲ɵЦ
ЦʲôôЦ𣿡
뽫˫޻ӷ磿
ȻģֻҪ˶Ϊ˫ǳӷɱǷ巽棬;ԲŹӷġͬʱӹܷ壬ǾͿԴ壬վˡ
Ҫ̫򵥡ӷ濴竣һôˣǰõЩӦúû´Ļӷ׼ɵȥԩͷһܻǰԼ¶ˡ
Ļʲôǿ÷վߵģ
Ҫģһ壬嫳͢£ͲùˣֻҪеǿԴңǵʱҾƷӾ㣬嫳͢ΪҵǴӡ
ŮЦһ˵Ӿʮ֪Ϊʲôҵʱѡ㣬ҲһдۣһкеǿԴΪȫ㣬Ϊһ϶쾳ǿ𣿡
Ϊ֮⣬һˣ԰쵽㵱ʱѡˣԼ޷쵽ķţǿԴΣΪҪģʡӾ㵽϶쾳磬˶õʱ䣬ҵ϶쾳ֻ˶ʱ䣡ѡңֻ˵۹⻹Ҳ˵󻰣ټ֮ڣ˵ĺӾްҹڵĳ֮⣬ңΨһһڶ̶̼֮ڣΪ϶쾳ǿߡ
ԭӾʮΪ֮ܵ϶쾳磬ΪڱԴķҲԴطںӾ޻ҵġ
Ӿʮ˵Ҳûһʲõˣô̵ʱڣ϶쾳˽ݾҪʱòϣһ棬һ۸Ӿްҹ֮⣬¾ǳӷ磬Ȳ
ܴҲ̣Ⲣκһܰ쵽ģ͵ˡӹ󣬽һСɲ˴¡ڳӷ磬̫˿͸ˣһϣ޷ͻԼĻҲܵ϶쾳ġǣӾʮұϾǳңѪ޷ĵģϳӷ绹ʿĻȻǲ֪ôʿѹסģһʿѣΪѾ϶쾳磬ټһӾ㣬Ҳɱӷ硣
ʥʿƽʿʿMTлĻһʶһ¡
һ㣬ԵĻǧҪȥʿоʿжܶ죬
ҪЩʿ˵̫ǿˣãã䣬ҲѣĺѵҾôùһ¾һ
ѾһСĳӷ磬ڷ壬޻еĻİ취һҪںҿս֮ǰ÷˫ʧ÷ƹܷ壬ȻԷ˫ı㣬϶ɵġ⣬ںӾߣһҲǸϺ꣬ò
İɣֻǸ̫ˣΪҲУҪϡڷǵɳԶϼһ㲻˵ЩŮԼŮһϾڶɡ
ҵһɳԶɰɣ㣬ͬҺܾ𡣡
ӾʮЦʺҪӦðɡΪʺ󣬾ȻҪƷӾ㣬ܲ𡣡
֪ҵıֽʲô𣿡

ҽ㡣ҽ軭
ʲô㲻ҳŮ
û˭ҳŮûУӾ㣬Ҳûֻ˵ǣҪȢǸʱҽѾˣң˭ָΥʥּ
ԣ㸸ףҪʹԱң
ûʱҽӣ˫˫ԾһУǺӾ㺦ġ
ˣʥּǲΥ㸸ף㣬˻ʹ
ˣҲѾˡڣҸףĸףȫѾˣңҲѾˣЩڹ뾡һа취þһֶΣ˻ʺıĳﻮô꣬ѡ㣬Ϊҽ㱨ҽķǰһûֵķǰģһҪкӾ㣬ҽֻһ
ԭˣѹǸĸµĻʺ󣬰Уȴ޲ϼһ
ѾҵһжˣӦûʲô˰ɣ
Ȼ̹ףһʲôûɵġһ£Ҿ֡
ʲô£
˵Ǻһ֣Ϊ֮ߣҲѾ϶쾳磬Ϊʲô
⣬һԶ԰ɣҲܣǺӾɵģҸǸҳνҪòҸףȫҵծҲȫ˺Ӿͷϡ
ӾʮЦİɣǲʧܵģҵǻ֮ǻ̫㣬Զ䡣


1281 ԰
עǸƽҹʹλոյĳ̫ӣ۵ĻᶼûС
¥һСʱʹ֮ڣͳ˲ӦóֵˣǱȴӦȥĳЩطˡ
Ļʺ󣬾ȻӾʮıҪȡӾĻλһǺӾӣһӣȴҪѺӾ㣬ò˵λĻʵ۱£ҲǸѽߵǣ׵ҪȴǺ֪飬һɷһɰޣ
һ棬ںӾʮʺıɢȥ֮󣬻ʹ֮ڣֳһӰӰֱӳӷסĵطȥġ
ʹ߰ճӷķԸȥǻȥˣҪǸ¥ŮӵĿУ֪һЩ飬ʹߣһֱڳӷס֮⣬һҲ뿪
ʲôˣ
ӰͻȻϷʹ߸һӷ̾ʹڳ˳
¡
ǣ̫ӡ

ʹ߷׷źӰڻʹ֮ϴ
ӷ翴Ŵ˶ˣʹߵΪѾʥ۷徳磬˵ӦòԿŶԣֻҪǺӾԳ֣߱ʥ۷徳ǿΧУһˣʹߵռ˿ıˡ
ڣӷ翴ĺǺӰнʹߵĹƸסʹôӰǰ֪ƵģٶȣҲ˷ָǳӷû֮졣
һԾӷվʹǰ˵¡
̫ӡ
ö˵Լˡ
ӷ绰䣬ӰЦһ漴ڹ֮ϣȶ˵°ݼ̫ӵ¡
һҹ£Լһװ˵ߣκǿ֪࣬Ǹˣһ͵ˡ
ȻҸװںڲˣ
̫Ӹˣߵģүӡ
ŶΪʲô˵Ҹף
ΪѾܳңȻ˵°¡
šںжˣ
ʮˡ
Զɽڵʱʮǰ£Ҳ˵ڳԶɽ֮ǰѾں֣߰ν㵽۷ľѽ
ںʲôݣļƻǲǡ
ˣץ̿ͣ
ȳӷ꣬ҲȺӰش𣬻ʹ֮ڵʿѾˣ
̫ӣղ˵ʱǰֻ̫Ӱġиˣ֮飬ȻţҲ̫Сġ
ãϽߡ
Ӱȥɳӷ粢ʲôתһȥڷȥ֮ʱʿǺǸʲôԵģɱ̫ӣȴһҲû֡Ⱥ
̫ӣʣ̿ʲôط
ˣ̫Լᴦ
ʿȫӷķ˹ȥڿɲóӷµ飬Ӿ㣬ǽĺģû֮ǰӷܵ˺ʡ
ӷеʿѾԼɵķ׷ҲͲõԼҵ˻ᱻˡ
ڻʹһ԰ڣӷֹͣվһɽ֮Щ׷ʿһȻȫͣ˻԰֮⣬˭Ҳûҳ԰ɻƵģԽ׳ذ벽
Ӿ鷿֮״飬ⳡ״ᣬʵ˭ΪѳӷģΪѵͬʱֲòӷ磬ΪҪסӷ磬һ鼸¾͸㶨ˣǺߣҲûסӷˣڳۻڵ£ӷҪߣѵ˭
ңѾǺˣ֪Ҫʣͼֱʸ˹֮ôǵ£С¶ãʸ͹ˣȴûסʵڱǸǱʲôԽ򣬳ǿߣٺ嫳ǣҪǼȮ
㿴ⳡ״ᣬӦôӣ
£ȻҪӵʼʱǱߵļƻʼһǲܵġǾͽⳡ״Ὺ죬Ǹʱʼʱ·棬ҲѾˡ
šĿǰҲֻˡԸȥ
£ˣˡ
һܵ鷿ſڣڵϼ
ʲô£
£ղŻʹ˴̿͡
ʲô̿ͣǶǸʲôԵġ̿סûУ
ûУѾܵ԰ȥˡ
԰
־֪һֹ˵Ļ԰ʲô˶ܽȥɴ̿ȴ˽ȥ
԰ʼʱµģʼʱʧ֮󣬾û˸̤԰벽Ĵ̿ͣȥһ¡
Ǳ£̿һ԰ģС
˭
̫ӡ
ʲôӷҲȥˡãҪ¡ټǿߣ԰Χһеסӷ磬ǧóӷʱ¡
֪ԣ԰ǺĽأͬʱҲһ׵أǵطŸָ滨һǳĵطһصķ羰ͬʱҲΪյĵط˭ֻҪǽ˽԰ģųǺӾ㣬ϼεĻʵۣҽ԰벽
ʹ֮ڣʱͺñ췴ƵģһңֱӾ;嫳ǣ


1282 ׵أ
ʹ飬ܿʹĶУЩνĴ󳼣һ˵Ȼ˴˽԰ȫŵɫ԰ףֵطʵ۱£ҽģңߣǳӷ硣
ʵʹڵĽ԰׵֮⣬˶֪Ǻʼʱ£ӾްҹںʱΪԼĻ꣬ڴˣںӾްҹλʱѾ¹Լ֮⣬κˣý԰벽Ϊߣ֮Ǻʵۣһ˽԰䣬֮߱£κε
Ӿްҹλʼʱµʣں˭ΥģοΪӾްҹͻûڵ磬׼Ըأʱ򣬾͸û˸ҿ԰벽ˡ
죬Ȼ˵Ҵ԰һˣһǸʣʣ᲻Ա
ʱˣȫۼ˽԰֮⣬Ӿ㣬егԱҲȫˣȴһˣҽ԰һ
£ӷҲ̫˰ɣȻҽ԰ڸô죿
ɳԶææܵӾʵ
ӾüͷϼһⲻǷϻ֪ôĻбҪȫй
ʼʱµΪԼĻ꣬κ˶ý롣ңڽ԰ڣؽ磬ʼʱµԲµģһֻӬɽȥн޳οһˣ
ӾĿ԰ڣ˽֮⣬Ӧûźܶݽ˭ȥûġ
ȻڵĺӾĵģǽ԰⵽ƻ³ӷ棬Ļǵ棬Ϊʼʱ£Ҫ鷳ˣҷ棬Ͳλʼʱκ׼ʱ䣬ֱӾʹ򵽺ˣ
ӷǸµУҪ鷳ȳǲΪ£ʼʱǱߵļƻʧܡ
ѵӲ԰
Ϊʼʱµļƻʼʱ֪ˣҲ޵ġ
˿̣ʺԲԶվŵĺӾʮʹһɫ˼˵ҪֹӾ԰ȥȳӷ磬ӷ˽԰֮ڣǶ˵Ǽĺ£
ӾʮȴҡҡͷϾ˭ұ֤ӷ᲻ڽ԰֮ڣӷûԼʺʱվֹӾ԰ĻһӾĻɵġ
ʺ˺Ӿʮ˼ǰֹģȴֹͣ
ɳԶ˫
ϳڣ
޽԰һдۣҪӷȳóҵκβҺĽڡ
ǣ¡
Ӿ㲻а̵ԥϳ԰ſʱͬʱŽ԰ſڵһʯݡ
ʼʱϣТӾ㣬Ϊ˲ʹʼʱڵļƻʧܣֻܽ԰ȳӷ磬ʼʱԭ¡
䣬ӾվϼһҲͬʱ˷ǰ󣬽˽԰
԰һΧкܶ滨֮⣬źܶදֻĶѾû˵ģȫЩǣҲ֤԰ڵĿ¡
һĺڽ԰֮ϣĵںвͣţڽ԰ʱʹڣֱ죬û˼ǵģжˣ
Ϸĺ֮⣬԰ڣ洦ɼһĺɫЩĴСӵ㣬ڽ԰ڲͣƶţ԰ػƵġ
һ֮أ˵׵أһ㶼Ϊ
˵˿̵Ľ԰Ǻƽģڴ·֮ǰ˵ƽ
Ȼû˽԰Ǿû֪԰Ŀ֮ΣǺӾΪѾ϶쾳磬̫ͬɣָڽ԰ĳһһ㣡
˿źӾ˽԰һ϶쾳磬ʥ۷徳磬ҲӦãʲôɡ
Ӿʮʱ򽥽˳ȺΪ˵ĿȫעŸս԰ĺӾˣԲ˷֣ʱһ۵ĻӲˣ˻ʺ֮⡣
ʺ֪ӾʮʲôȻӷ粻ʱ£ǾעҪһ˳£ǸˣҲǺӾʮĿǰһˣ˫
Ҳʲôð취ڳ˫ǰ£ӾκεĻɣ÷Ǳ߳⣬ڣͳһѵĻᡣ
˭֪԰ڵգֻҪ˫ڽ԰ڣǾԲκȥκ£ӲҪʲôĻҲǻɷ˫Ϊû˵еǰǿ
ֻҪ˫һ˳ӹܷ壬Ǳʱ壬ͽվںӾʮߡ
ӷδ԰ԼǺǻĿǰûκεĶ壬ںӾʮ˵Ǽ顣
վڼɽ֮ϵĳӷͿӾ˵Ľ룬ҲûӾʮһ˽԰
˵԰߶԰ͬԹһ㣬һ룬Ҳ˵ˣ


1283 ԰
ʺӾӾʮѾ˽԰Ҳܴڽ԰档
ǸܺõĻᣬʺԳᣬȥһһֱû顣
ʺ뿪ˣú֣ĸʽ˺һ׵أΪӵĻʺ󲻵һ㶼ģʱ뿪̸˹ȥ
ʹ鷿ڣ鷿ðʲô鷿˸׳죬ûҵҪĶ
׻ʲôطأ
ʺվڱ֮ǰҪҵĶɲһĶǺ֮ҲǺӾްҹı
ںӾްҹʧ֮󣬺ʹδùΪźӾްҹһʧģ֮ļλʵۣ뾡һа취ҪҵֻϧֱӾһδҵ䡣
˶֪һں֮УΪһַǳرҲ֧
⣬⣬ôģΪɵģһ뿪˺ǺԶڰţΪʲôܼ򵥣Ϊ֮֮ûκ򣬿Ըط˿ġڵ꣬ӾްҹΪ£ã֮Ҳ֪ʲôطҵһǳرıʯǱʯ˺ĴлźӾްҹʯϺӾްҹ⣬쾰
ʺҪõĿĺԣҪΪؼʱ̣ʹһƬڰ֮УʹӾʮļƻԸõʩУʱֻҪӡͽһƬֻţԼӾʮҲǸΪؼʱ̣ҵ˴ʹ˶ؼǿ֮͢⣬аյĵġ
νȹģǱҵֶΣҲ򵥵Ļ֪ܶеĵҪ쵽㣬ȴǷǳѵġ
ʺ뵽һԣŻʱܵ鷿ΪںӾްҹʧ֮ǰһط鷿
ȻǺĴȻĺӾްҹͳģǸٵģһǿԴĺӾްҹҪ쵽飬ֻҪ㹻ĳ룬;Բ⡣
ںڣ˶ܾӾްҹΪģǸٵĺӾްҹҲǽδ飬ĺӾްҹǿԴ֮¡
һʼʣһʦĺӾްҹǹƻ̫Сһ㣬ںӾްҹ֣һƬ죬һƬأصĽϣƬأ޷ӾްҹƥУ޵еĴڣе񻰣Ǵ˵еĴ˵ǣе񻰣˵еĴ˵ʧ֮󣬺һˣԴǵǿԴķˡ
ӾʮΪʲôô̶̼֮ھͽΪ϶쾳磿֮⣬ģǺӾްҹŸǿԴ
ĸôܵˣ
鷿֮⣬ŻʺľٶǺ档
ʺ󾪣Լһû⣬棬ѾڿԼˡ
ô
Ǹĸѽĸʲô
ʺһ˵ȻҼȥ㸸ˡ԰Ǻĵһ׵أǱҪʮ׼㸸ʳ¡
ĸҪʲôҰɡ
ˣطӦûʲôǻȥ԰Ȱɣ㸸ʸɳԶз˫ΪӦòµġ
˵ͷ԰һԼүүһǽԼ󣬸ԼԺݵĸʣһǺϳ˭ܳѽ
ӷӼɽϷ£վͬԹĵط˵ʲôطôһ·ûˡ
Χʯͷ滨ʱƶλãʹĳӷҲˡ
ǵùôܵطˣ
ӷ߳ͬķȥҪ·
ܳӷôߣԭ̤Ƶġ
һ棬ӾˣҲѾ˽԰ǵһνȻ֪԰ڵ
£ԭ԰һԹһȥ·ûˣ͸˵ҵӷˡɳԶ˵
˫£Ϊİȫǻҳȥ·ɡڳӷ磬ͿԼˡ԰ڣ£Ҳһ취Ҳûеģ
˵û£İȫΪأҪΪһʣʲôΣղźѽ
ϼһﶼȰӾ뿪ﲻӦԼЩ˸ĵط
ҪȥѾ̫ˣ԰н޳ΪʲôȻԹô׾ҵ˳·Ӿްҹǰ׷ˡ
ö˵ˣطʼʱԽģȻҲ·ˣҲʼʱ½֮һ
Ǹô죿
֮֮ޱϾʼʱµʼʱӦò԰֮ڵġңֻҪҵӷ磬취ȥ
Χһɫ򣬳ӾǿȫܵʲôвƵġ
£Сġ

ʮɫͬһʱ䣬Ӿ߳˹
˫Աһ㣬԰ں¡һһɫײһ޴ʯͷϣ޴ʯͷը˷顣
ߵıըĴ˳ӷĶУڽ԰֮ˣȴһ㶯
԰ģ飬˸ܿģǽ԰ıˡ
ôбը
ӷ֮£űըĵطٵĳ˹ȥһ·ϣ֪㿪˶ٺɫ򣬵Щɫȴĸڳӷ󣬲ܳӷٶж죬ô㣬޷Щɫ˦


1284 ɱ˫
԰ڣ·ǾԲֶģȴ԰ֱ淽򣬵Ȼǰǣȥĵط
ӷҲ·֮£бըΪⱬըǴӻ԰֮⴫ģֻҪķȥض뿪ط
ɫһ·׷ųӷ磬ܳӷٶж죬Щɫڳӷϰװ˸㣬޷˦
ǰһþ޴ĿǷǳ޴֣ڿ֮£һ˹ɵģȻ֣֮ԴһɼÿĴСˡ
ӷűըֱӳ֮ڣǰȴۼ˺ܶɫЩɫ򽫳ӷȥ·סˡ
ļһǲǱ̬û¸Щʲô
ӣҪӴ˹ҪеĺɫӷҲѾ׼ˡ
ɵӷ붯ʱںĺɫ׷ʹĳӷǰȥ·׷֮£ڵȫһ̣һóӷȽƵ顣
еĺɫǳӷΧ˹ڿӷԼһʱеĺɫȥңÿһɫ򶼺һֲͬѰĸоƵģ˺ͬʱÿһɫҿٵĶţַ֮۵Ķ
ӷú֣֮ǰ׷ԼţڣȫȥЩɫֺǱʲôƵģЩɫ֮Ѿ´ǳ˵
գ֮䣬еĺɫǰ̼䣬ڣѾһɫˡ
ӷе㲻ԾܣʲôеΣգղŵЩɫҲǸо˰ڵΣղŻȥģǣӷֳֺ·ȣʱ׼ԶʽĹ
ڳӷ֮߳󣬲δΧκεΣգһϢڡ
𣿡
·һգӷҲܶʲô뿪طҪģ֪ﻹʲô֡
ӾˣѾɫΧ֮ǰڳӷǱߵĺɫȫۼ˵԰ĺɫȫۼ˴˵أɰǧ
£Щ䲻Ǻܴ󣬿һ屬ըܾ԰ᱻըɷġ
˫˵û͸ղţһɫıըͻٵһ޴ʯͷһеĺɫͬʱըǻʲôĺ˵ǽĽ԰ܾʹܵǣ
ʼʱҲȻԽһ˿µĽ԰ϧˣֵطȴԸҵģ򣬾ôǿʼʱµҲδػ
£ʼʱѾڵ׼һսˣֻҪʼʱǱߵļƻһʼǾͲҪȥںһӷˡӷ˽԰֮ڣֻҪǽϢסóҷ֪Ҳƻʼʱµļƻġ
ɳԶĻúӾ˵ͷطȷԼЩ˸ģԼΪ϶쾳磬Ҳǵһѣڽ԰ڴˣһ죬Ҳƶס
ţɳة˵û˳ȥ
˫£ˡ
û⣬Ϻȱ¡
԰ףҪȥͱȵ컹ˡ
Ӿ㿴һΧ֣֮ǰ·ҲˣΧһ·ûˣ
ûô׳ȥˣ
Ӿ㻰䣬ͻأһڹǰһ漴һУֱӻ˺Ӿ˵ǰ
Ӿλ㣬˫ŭηСȻ͵Ϯ£
ҹµˣվӾ˲Զһʯͷ֮ϣû˵ĺо
Ǻˣ
ӾǰʵԷǲ˵Уһ߳ߵֱָ֣Ӿˡ
һ϶쾳ǿߣʥ۷徳ǿߣû뵽˵ĲԼ˵鷳Ҫд̣԰ڡ
ôģΪʲô˵ΪʲôҪҹ£סĺԣˣ±ԼϳݣֻҪһĴ󣬾ͿԼϳ˭ˣôˣһԼʶģңǱȽϤġ
ȻϺĻλȻɵϣӾʵĳ佫
Էû˵е߳ߵѾתλãӺӾϣת˷˫
ɳԶѾ˹˵˫ӣĿ겻Ǳ£ѽ
治֪ϷкγޣȻܵ԰ˣ
Էǲ˵˵֡
ǿӺ˵ڱǵأʹΧкɫȫηȥ
ǿȥʲô
϶쾳磡ⲻܣ
ټĺ˹֮Ҳǹ಻֮⣬ֻкӾ㣬һ˵϶쾳硣
û뵽죬Ȼֳһ϶쾳ǿߣң԰ڣпԼ˶ʶ֮ˡ
ˣԲǳģǳҵˣҪд̣ӷĻҪɱĵһˣǺӾ㣬ôܻǷ˫
˫Сġ
ɳԶһ󣬺е߽߳Ѿ˫˹֣˽壬ɽȴˣǽ˽һһ֮԰Ͽգһɽγɵǣǣ϶ѹ
Ӿ󾪲ԣԴңԼӾ޻ҵԴΪʲô˻ᡣ
ԴȻ͵ѧһҡ
Ӿ޻һ룬뵽ʲôƵģѵˣǻҳԱ
ҲѽڻУԼ֮⣬ûڶ˻ԴģҪ϶쾳ѧģ򣬾ͻᾭת
ԼӾ޻֮УȻһ϶쾳ǿߣôܣֻߣ壬ĴˣΪӾ޻ҵǿԴ˳֮⣬֮ڵ壬ĴҲһЩġ
Ӿ룬Լ֪ˣ֪У˭һгģܺӾô룬벻Է˭


1285 ͵Ϯ
ӷűըյһΧǽߣͼǰ˫Ѿһ˴
ӾɳԶվԱߣǲûг֣ǲ˫ֻ˵ݡ
϶ľ磬֪ǵڼģʲô֮£ðȻֵĻܲ˿İЧʹԼԼˡ
˼֮⣬Ȼ뵷ҵġ
ӷһֻӣǺ˵ΪҲһ۾ܿĳֵǣԺ˵Ϊ˵Ҫɱ˫Ͳϴ̼֮ͿԽɱģ˲ûڵʲôƵġ
˵ĿǺӾĻǳӷ˷ܣΪʲôǷ˫أ
棬ҪݣǺǺӾʶˣ˫г𣿲ѽǸ˫гҲܸģңǺ˻϶ľ磬ڣһӾ֮⣬˭Ŵ˵ȵľ磿
Ȼ䣬Ǻе߽߳Ϊѣһһ壬ڷ˫ǰٵת˫Ľ磬ʹķ˫ûм֮һѴ󵶣һ˵ϣˣѾȥ
䲻ɱ͵ģȴڼ֮䣬Ѿ˷˫˫һϣֱָ˫û˵ɱ֮ǰҪǿ˫
ڰпϷĳӷ֪Ҫʼˣ֮ǰֻѣҲ˵˫һΣ·һ
ӾɳԶҲѾԼٲֵĻĵһŴ󽫣ͽɥ԰
˫¡
ӾǰûκεĲңԺˣ϶϶죬⽫ôĽû֪
ӷ˿ͻȻ뵽¥飬ʱǸӾʮһģӷҲѾ뵽ӾʮҰĲҪıĻλ
ѵǡ
ӾʮôܣǼһȻ˸Ϊ϶쾳磬ںȻ
һһڰСνǹ׶㣬ɰѷҪúӾӾʮȵĻǳӷͲö룬ΣյǸں˶ĺӾʮ
ӾʮҪɱ˫סΪãǺĿǰĵһԼ˵ҲٴвǬǬǷĲ£˫һ͵ȰԼҳһɾ˫ˣһڣ壬ᵹӾʮҲ÷嵹ҪȥĻλ
ĺӾ㣬ӷ绹ܿһУһĻλӾʮȥˣԺӾʮΪ˵Ӿ㣬ҪΣ㣬Ӿʮ֪̾ˡ
ҪΪڶӾްҹҪΪڶۣ⣬ǺӾʮĿģ
ӷѾ⣬죬ҪһԼĵˣԲúӾʮĿĴɡ
ֻҪ˫첻֮ӾʮһչֳʵǺӾһܲĵˣǺӾʮ
е˴һֻҪͿһʱǾ·һ
ľأ죬޼һĽɫȻûкӾʮǿ󣬵ǲȺӾʮһҲǺӾʮǰ֮
ǣΪݶǵУ˱ʱʵĴ˵
Ӿʮ䲻ǸҲһšǡˣʵΪǡģľȴķǳݡȻǰǣӷҪֹɱ˫
˫˰ɡ
ӷһҪȥҪҴӾʮݣӲҪúӾʮ֪ԼѾϳֻҪֹˡ
һ룬һ϶쾳ѽƾԼһûѪû񷶦ʿӲܾѣҪʲôȥһ϶쾳ĳǿ߶
ǿգǳؿգ㹻ʱģЩʱȴȫһ֮ڣԼԿףһ⿪ĻԼԿףͽʧأǸʱ򣬱˵һ˵Լˣ
񷶦䱻ӡˣҲǻһ񷶦صĶ𡣶ңкӾڣҲ϶쾳ΪֻҪܵסӾʮǵӾʮҪƹӾɱ˫ʱֻҪ͵ϮԿֹסӾʮġ
Ѿ˵湦ˣڲ񷶦֮󣬾ѾԽ湦ҲԴֻ˵ǲ񷶦ڵһָڰˣƵҩ¯ģҲֻĻ棬ڲ񷶦ƳҩɼĻжôǿ
ӾѾ˺Ӿʮ񲢲ɱֻ֣һҪԷϵĺڲԷ˭
ӾʮҲûӾоںӾͬʱֻһζ㣬һᣬ˫Ǳ߹ȥ
ӷһȼںӾʮҪʱ˹ȥ

ֱӶ˺Ӿʮ
ӾʮۿҪˣȴ֪ðһӾʮԸоĵһУ棬ͽԼȼգԼ϶쾳ǿߣҪֻ棬ҲǼ򵥵顣
֮£Ӿʮֻ㿪˫ۣҲѾ򶪹ķȥ
ӷ磡ļһȻһҺ£
Ӿʮڲᵽ飬ӷ绹治Ǹ
˫ͬѾ˳ӷ磬û뵽ӷȻԼ÷˫емҲ֪ˣǳӷ磬ǵˣӷ֮ҪԼѾ֪˺˵ݣ˶ڳӷ˵ҲǸв򣬳ӷԲְæģֻſϷڻϼһ;Ͳˣ


1286 
Ӿ㽫ӾʮסˣϳӷһԵңʹĺӾʮûɱ˫
Ӿѵһŭ죬ɱҲѾȫڵһεһ׶Σ˵ľ֣ȻѾ϶һĶ壬нӽڶơ
ڣܺӾʮôŭҲֻһĶ壬޷ڶ죬Ҳ֤ӾʮΪ϶ڶ컹ôһһ֮䣬֮ҪһϰƾԶԶģҪƾԵ
ӾʵӾʮȻͬһΣ⸸Ӷ˵ΪȫڵһĶ徳磬ǵӣԶ޿ܳƵһϣڶ졣
㵽ʲôˣһԴΪȻͬ㵽ô쵽ģ
⣬Ӿ㶼ʼˣ֮ϵƤǳۣԣͲǺܴ󣬿һˣôܵ϶ľ磬浱⻷֮е׶ۣڶӾްҹˣ
˻ǲ˵ˣһڣֱӽԼˣڼгӷԼɱ˫ˣΪ룬ʱһԼ棬Լ˵Ҳܻᱩ¶ݡ
Ȼת䣬ӾʮҪˣתͬʱӾʮȴ֣֮ǰ·Ȼʧˡ
·ûˣǺãԼӾһսҪɱӾ㣬ǵ϶ڶľ磬򣬾ֻܴƽˡ
ǰ棬˫ɳԶҪܣͬʱǰһһվ˺ӾǰǸͲҪȥˣ뿪԰ĻԼˣҲͲҪˡ
ܣû·ܰɡ
ӾԺ˵
عԴˣһʵۣ󳼣ɵЦһȴɲ˵еֱָ߽߳˳ӷ硣
ӾʮڵӣǺ޲ýӷʬΣҲɵ£ڻ˭ɱӷ磬˭ָɱӷ硣
ӷҲأֱӾ˳Цλҹģô𣿸ղҪɱ̫ӣɱϼһ̫治֪˭ģĿΪʲô
ðɣղд̿͵飬ӷֱӾ͸ٵ˺ӾʮͷϣӾʮԩѽȴֲܷ
Ƕ֪˭ҲûҪΪԼʲô
е߽߳£һ̣ӷӰһǾҲӲ϶ǿߵ۾
شҶɣȳȥ˵ġ
̫ӣзȥ
ǵĵ̣Ƕȥ̫ӻʲô취
˵Ļ
ϳȥϾͲˡ
Ҫ԰̫򵥣ǺʼʱԽģϻǵϣûг·
Ӿްҹ
ʼ֣ӷͺ޲ýǰȫǸĺӾްҹô꣬һ죬Ҫ˵ġ
ӾްҹΪʲôҪط
Ϊʼʻꡣ
ӾһҲҲʲôܡ
ӾްҹĻꣿ˶ûʲôӣطǻô򵥰ɣʲôӾްҹںĶԼȥЩˣҲΪԼʮĲʹ֮˿ڶɣ
Ȼǻ꣬ǾһĹڣڣӷ뵽Щ˵ǵ·̫ұ̫ӵģ˭ܳȥ˭ı£ȫǾͲ˼ˣ̫Ӿͽˡ
ӷ磬Ҳ̫Բ˰ɣ԰ô׾ܳȥĻͲн԰ˡ
˫˵ûνġǽֹ˼ˣͽֹһ뿪϶ǿڡ
ӷҲ˵ʲôҪȥĹڣʱͻȻأӲԶһǿҵ⣬漴ֱ仯Ϊ˽⣬ֹһγһ޴Ĺֱʡ
ʮǿѾ޷ΪĵȼȥֱˣҲ˵ûеȼֵ֮ģۼġ
Ӿһ̴󾪣ȫ˳ϵĹÿһ˵ɫʮֵĲ԰ףڲ԰ִ֮࣬žϲ

ȻǴû뵽ѽ⴫źӾްҹһʧģ죬Ȼٴγˣ
£û뵽Ȼڽ԰֮ڣ˵
Ҫ˵ôˣô
Ӿ㻰䣬ҹµĺӾʮһǱ߳˹ȥ
ֹõ
Ӿ˽׷Ӿʮ⴫źϵȨҲߵĻȨ˭ܵõ˭һεĻʵۡ
ӷ粻֪⵽׷ʲô£ʲôģȻǼôţԼȥ˵벻ջ


1287 ʽս
԰֮⣬ڴ󳼸еĻȫ̧ͷգӽ԰Ĺ·أʹԭգʱĹȡ
ʲô
ö󳼶Լ۾ûһ˼ģϷֵĺûаֵʱڣΪĳ֣Ѿֲڵǰ컹ˡ
ȻûÿһˣҲӺʷϿĳ֣һγʱǺոõͳһҲʼʺӾްҹͳһʱԾԵʵһֱһе׶Σ
ѵʼʺӾްҹʹõıֺ𣬶ʼʺӾްҹʧô꣬Ȼڽ԰ڣ˵ĻǾѹ֣ôλʵۣҲںδˣԭҲֻûҶԵطˡ
ǴҼǵʷУصʮϸǷԴġ
벻ˣôĴȻڽ԰ڣѹֺüα¶Ҳ䣬ԭһֱҴ˵ط
֣߱ϵܵõĻǲǶҺ嫵һڶԸҵʱҲ˼ֵʤ㣡
д󳼸ȫڴţڴλʵ۱£
ͬʱո߳鷿Ļʺ󣬻Ҳһı仯
Ӿĸʲô
ܣôôɣô궼ûҵȻڽ԰ڣ
ôꣿĸ˵ʲôأ
ûû˵ʲôǵʼʱµģ߱ϵ˭ֻҪܵõǲԳΪ֮ͬʱҲõʼʱµ
ʼʱµʼʱ²ڵ𣡡
ĸ޷ͣʷ˵ʼʱ뿪֮ǰͽеȫӡ˴֮ڣϴ߱һõ˴ǾԸκһǿпˡ
κһǿУҿʨ𣿡
ҿʨʼʱ֮ĵһʵһôĽ׶û֪ܵõĻлҿʨһսġ
ϹȥɣȸʽͲ³ˣҲֱӽǸӷ
ȥ԰ȴźӾ㽫ͻȻǰһӰͻֻ֣ǰһڣεڵء
Ǻˣ
ʺʵһڣԼӾʮı֮⣬û뵽űˣڰпţӰ
Ӱ͸ڽ԰ڵĺӾʮһҹ£վ˻ʺǰһֻ֣ϵĺڲ
ʺ󿴵˵òʱ˾͸겻Ƶģ˳Ծ֮⣬ǳԾ
ôܡ
ö˵
˲Ȼʺ˵꣬һѾס˻ʺϢ԰֮⡣
ڻʺ󱻺˴ߺ鷿ſڣֳһˣǴ̫
ϴЦеǵǷ˦˦˵óֵģȫѾˣϷϾҪʼˣ
磬硣
δվ֮ģǰһǿҵĽ⣬ٵγһ澵ӣʮ־޴
ĴǱ߼ٷ˽δʵ׷ʲô£ΪʲôеĹ켣˸ı䣿
ûߣÿһҷȥǣȫͬһʱƫ˹ԽԽԶˣ˵ǵѾƫĹٵƫţ
֮ڣее磬еʯڷйĸı䣬ľˮǣ޲ģԭڵλãһ޴ĸı䣬ʹĳĴ󾪣̴Ǳ߷ѯʽδ
δҲʮֵĳԾ˵Ӧûᷢѽѵַʲôɣ

δûлشĵ⣬Ҳشˡ
ǰĽ⾵ӣ۵Ľ⣬ȥ
ڣһĻǺľ
ôܣ
δԼ۾ڣУȻһصĹһɽγɵĹ
ʲôʵ
ҹ
ʲô
ǺĴӾްҹΪ֮һǣҹת֮Ҳ֮ʧˣңҲ䣬ΪǸһתˣû뵽ȻںңȻڽ԰
԰ǺӾްҹԽģҷԸκˣý벽
δӾްҹ֮ıʱ䣬ȥеһУԣֻҪǺӾްҹԸ飬һհ졣
ڵ꣬ӾްҹûжδκεķԸǽ԰ҲǶ˷ԸģǽδһˣԣǽδںӾްҹĺŮʣδ̤԰벽
ѹ겻κˣǺﶼý԰ԭҹ˽԰֮ڡ
ʵǰҹҹϮʲôã
嫣˸Ҳӣڡͬʱת֮ǰеӡ˰ҹ֮ڣʲôˣֻҪܵõҹǾͿԳΪҲӵе
ӾްҹԲ֮£˵õ˰ҹǻô
ôҲ֪ҵĵģǰҹ䵽ӷС̫ƻҶƭˣȺɵӣ£ӷ绹ǵĶ֣ǶǵĻһ˶Ĺӷ磬Ǳɣ
Ȼ֪ЩͲӦưѳӷŪȥ
ҲΪ֮ĻңͲ˼ڲٵʱˣҪ̿ʼǵļƻ
ھ󣿡
û֮ڣҪ۱ռ䡣ȥټʽս
ĵ˵ͷ֮սڵˣԼҵͽһս޷ʵҲ޷ֻǿˣ


1288 ˮж
ӷźӾǼ˹ĵطȫһĺ̶ÿһ̶ֻһھĴСϰٸÿһ̶ɢĺʹΧȫһıû˿ֲϣҲˣµ
ˣ϶쾳ǿߣطо⣬Ǿ͸˵ǳӷˣһƬѩУͿʼ壬ʹĳӷֻܽеȫסԼĺͽƻԼڵнṹǸʱ˽ڶ⣬Ϊһıˡ
£ط̫ˣǹҲ֧Ų˶ã
˫ɳԶǻһʱҪǵļˡ
ӾҲ֪طһǽ԰ΪΣյģҲطĳ̶֮ڣǵǴΪмһ̶ġ
гȥԼѰ
£򲻿ɡ˵ľѾ϶쾳磬Ǻ˵ľͬģжֵĻܻΣա
ǲҪģΪڽ뺮̶֮ǰޱҪȽ䵽֮֡
䣬Ӿʩչȫһɽ⣬ȫΧ
Ӿʮȥ壬ǺӾްҹڶԴ֮һȴսģصģֻҪŽ˾޷˵ֺ
Ϊ֣һǷģһǽģҲսģԣ壬ֽϣؼ汸ء
ӾʮȻҲѾ϶쾳磬Ҳѧ˺ܶԴϾͻСܽеԴȫѧᣬķֱȽ鷳ԣӾʮûȥѧ
û뵽鷳ԴӾȻѧˣһѧȫס
һɽ֮γɵӺӾڱϷ֮צϵš
޲㾿Ǻˣ죬û뿪˵ء
Ӿʮ˵ֲ˵
԰Ϊɱ˫ȻˣǺӾʮʲôѡĺãֻҪܵõǾͿʽĳΪ֮˵һջɡ
ӾȥҲǾʱ򣬺Ӿʮƹмĺ̶ȥ
ֹ뺮̶
ǣ¡
˫ɳԶǰ˺Ӿʮǰ
ϼһĺסҪֹһ϶쾳ǿߣǺӾʮڵĿ겻ǵϣ̼ͿԽɱ
ӷסԼͬʱҲѾ֪Ϊʲôܵġ
ʲôĴʲôأ
ôˣȻ˫õĶ϶ǼöǴܾˣ֮ɡ
ǿĻ棬ȼųӷȫӷԻɢΧĺͬʱҲѾмĺ̶ȥ
˫ɳԶֹס˺ӾʮӾʱ˹ӾʮҪͻؿеˡ
Ҫ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡
ư˵ƵģӾƣԷ治֪ǲưͣһͱԼϳ
ҲܺӾʮʲôˣӾһ⣬̧ͷȥӷѾԻ滤壬ϷԽǣĺ̶Χ
ãֹӷ硣

ӾʮһӾϿ˹ȥ˫ǿʱȽ˫ɳԶʮס
λǾɣ̫ȥΪ̽̽·ûʲôΣյĻǡ
⣬ӷֱӳ˺̶Ͳ⺮̶֮ڵĺǲԼӦġ
Ӿ޸Ӷ˴˿ҲභˣɲְѽǽҪ﷭ˣ϶쾳ǿߴһһƷСӣȴ֮
ͬһʱ𣬳̶ȥ
ˡ
̶ڵˮȥɢں̶ΧΪ˱㡣
˫ɳԶ໥һ̶ۣܵԱߣˣ˭Ҳҽ뺮̶ġ
ة࣬ҳ·š
ã㿴õ㣬ȱ³
ס
̶ڿȥ󣬵뺮̶֪ԭ⺮̶֮£һƬ̶еĺ̶ڣȫΪһƬģͺñһƬ㣬Χ߾Ҳס
ӷĻڽ⺮̶к󣬲ûϨ𣬷ڳӷһʱȼյĸǿҡ
֮Уӷ翴ĹͣȥϷӾ޸ӽ׷
ĺ̶ûе׵ģ
ӷ˴ʮӣٶȣȴɼ̶ء
ĺӾ޸ӽ׷ţӳӷ߶
ͻȻӷǰ˵ڹ⣬ЩڹԽǿڳӷ翴󣬷֣Щڹ⣬֮ǰЩڹ
ǧĺڹͬˮݰ㣬ŵɫĵ
ã
ӷ´ţ϶쾳ǿߣһоͿɱԼΪ̶һĻԼͱǸ׷ˣֳôɫǺǿУǰϰѽ

ӷ罫Ļֽ⿪γһĻ򣬳渡ĺڹ˹ȥܿ죬һֵĺڹ
ֻϧڹ̫࣬˵ǲϵĸ³ӷľеĺڹġ
ʮڹҪӷ磬ӷҪʱЩڹ򣬾Ȼƹ˳ӷ磬׷ĺӾ޸ӳ˹ȥٶȼӿ죬ڼӾ޸ʱڹΪһ飬໥ײһıը
ô£ЩȻֹңȥֹӾ
ӷ綼еĪˣ˵ǺӾ޻ҵĵ̣ĹӦùԼŶѽôЩڹ򲻵ԼڰԼ赲Ӿ޸Ƶġ
ӷ磬ҺӾʼ֮꣬򲻿ܽ룬ͣ
Ӿڽı´󺰵
ʵڲ˼Ȼػ߶ֹ̫ӣǾĻʵۣҲûʸֹ̫ӡ
䣬ӷѾ̶ľͷǹ֮أһ
ɣȻж죬ˮж


1289 
Ѿ׵̶¾Ȼһ·ĺˮȫǴǸðģҲǴǶģڶΧĺڹЩڹͺñػƵģڱŶڣκ˽롣
ɵӷ̶׵Ķʱеĺڹ򣬾ȻԼͬģóһ·ʹĳӷԽӵĺΪʲôĺڹ赲ԼԼ·ǺӾ޸ӶˣǻǺӾްҹЩڹȴһеȥ赲ǡ
벻ͨ飬ӷȥ룬Ȼûκε谭Ǿͽˮж浽ʲôɣʲôһʲôΪκӾ޸Ӷõ
εڣͲȳӷ룬͸оһǿӷӷȫĻ棬ʱʧ˾ͬ޵׵Ԩ㣬̶ˮֳȫޣҲմһκˮҲѾʧǰһһգӷ緢֣ԼѾ뿪˺̶֮Уһ޵׶ȥ
ڵ޵׶ʱӷ޷˿ҲӣǿʯͷƵģ¡һֱ˵֮ϡ
ҳ𣬳ӷϷûκα֮ڵϣʹ֪
˫۳ΧȥһֲֻͣԼؿڣԼޱȵľʹңˣڵ֮⣬ӷ绹Ծķ֣ڣȻһռ䣬ӵе棬Ҫǿ󼸰ٱǧϾǱһ޴ʯͷһСǳĳ
ʹ̧ͷͷϷԿڣǶڣȴһˮ棬Ǻ̶ɺ̶ڵˮ޷޵׶
Ϊϵ̶ˮ˿ɡ
ӷţ֪Ӿ޸ӻ᲻Ҳֵطǵˣǵ϶쾳˵ԼطߣҪɱԼĻԼڵ
УɵҪûг·
ӷ绺ΧȥԼǰʯţʯͬһλõģʯϣд֣һΪţһΪš
ͬʱʯͬһʱ䣬򿪣ӷΪԷһȥÿһƽҪٲ·Ƶġ
ڣӾ޸ӵʱû޷ͨЩڹ򣬶ǵǵﶴʱ֪ΪΣ²㣬ӷҲѾ濴ˣӾ޸ڶϣ϶쾳Ŷڣô̶ֻˮɲ޷޵׶
ӷ磬ϸ
ӾӷѾ˹ĵط֪ΪΣԼǽȥ
˿̣Ӿ޸֮䶼Ѿ˴򶷣һģֻ붴ڣõӾްҹ
ӷռУĻ󺰴УӾȥ˷ɣĻͲ溰ˡ
²֪ŻϲطܴʲôڴںͬʱҲΣա
ôλʵۣ޷ҵط޷طɼط֮أӦ˵أһӾ޻δֵĵط죬ȴӷˡ
ڵĺӾ޸ӶҪˣǺӾ޻ҵ棬Լȴ²ȥֻĿһˣ˴ĵط
ȥһӷ翴ǰʯţһΪһΪ˼壬ŽԻŽͱ
ӷӾްҹҲʶܶˣ˵ǳӷһʱ򣬾ѾʶˣȻû棬ڳӷ֪Ӿްҹһ֮󣬷ǼһһԼһģǾǴᰴ³ƣڲͬ˵ţǾһţŵĻ˵֮ض֣ȻڣΣգǳӷΪʲôҪȥѡţֱŽɡ
Ӿ޸ӿĳӷѾһһģѵģһʯ֮ڣڵĺӾһķǳ죬ļһôᷢ飬粻֣֣ƫƫʱ֣ңӷ˴Ŵ֮أԼΪӾ޻ȴ޷룬һķ۴ѽ
ӾʮۿȥûϣҲ֪˵زܾˣȻС
תȥӾ㲢ûȥ׷Ǵ˶ڣ취ȥİ취
Ӿ޸ӣһˣһڴ취˿̵ĳӷ磬ȴѾ֮ڡ
ţԶ򿪣ԶرţȴʧʧǸŽĿţΪһ壬ʯţȫʧˣ޵׶ţǽ֮⣬ʲôûˡ


1290 Ӿްҹĵڶ
֮һƬտ˵ʲôûУһɫˮǽ֮⡣
Ѿûй㼣ˣӷɣԼǲѡţӾްҹǻ쵰ò֮ڰɣΣǰһ˵Ƶģ
һ˻Լѡʱһʱ䣬µѡ񣬵˵ʵˣԲڶεѡȨһ˾ѡǰ·ǴģҪһֱȥ
ȻҲеˣǿȥıԼ˵ģһ·ڰ;УǿԽ͸˵Щˡ
ɣӷһ죬һֻԼ
ǰɫˮǽڣӷһ˵ԼѡǴģǽǺӾްҹɱﵣԼҪֵСġ
ڣϵڽ֮ͳʧˣڵĳӷ׵Ľڵȫ
ƷԼ飬һնûУΣӷ綼ԴУˣһΣѪطڣڳ˯еʿɱķҲǺӾްҹҵġ
ڳӷöע⣬ҪѪڣʿ֮飬֮ٽɡ
ɾʱ򣬺ɫˮǽϣͻȻ˵ǿҵĺڹ⣬ڹһҲۣȴһֹǵĸоʹĳӷ˶·һûĿռ䣬ƮƮġ
֮ռ䣬֮оͺñһһ֮䣬ͨˣһȽ仯Ȼܲ˵ģʹҲɴ˲ˡ
ӷֹֻǵĸо̼仯Ϊһɻеĺڹ⣬ȫۼ˳ӷģγһ磬磬ӷסӷֽŶǱסˣ޷һ¡
ͬʱɫˮǽڣҲʼ仯ǽڣΪһΣ漴ִΣΪһɫıΪ㣬ÿһΧʮǴš
һţȫǴ򿪵ģڶ㣬ȴǽرŵġ
ӷ˫ķǳɫԼûؾʱǺӾްҹġ
ǵĵʱӾްҹڵһ㱦ڣһţǣڵڶڣһԼҪ㣬ԼΪҪУҲԶ֡
û뵽԰̶֮ڣȻҲ˵ӷ磬Խڶ㱦ˣԿӾްҹԼĵڶˡ
ԭеһУںӾ޵ƵУȻԼҲ˵Ӿްҹ㵽ԼطѹЩɫ赲Լ赲Ӿ޸ˣԭӾްҹѾЩɫ´
ļһҾͲţʲôĵ
Ǻݣ룬ôڶѾǰˣӷûɲȥѽ˵ڵڶУ֪һЩԼҪ֪顣
ڶ㱦ţһһ˳ֱӾ˳ӷϣӷҲ˵ڶ㱦
ڶ㱦һһģмλã͹һƽ̨ƽ̨֮ϣһɺɫʯɵӡ£ӡ·ǳҪֲֻ
ǺĴ
û뵽ĴȻⱦ֮ڣҲ˵ԼؾʱѾ˴ź֮ˡ
ӷǶԺӾްҹ֮ǣҲòһʵ̫ţˣ·¼һУ֮С
Աߣһŷ⣬һ㱦ڳӷŷһģŷڣɾǺӾްҹĵڶˡ
ӷûƬ̵ĳɣǰŸûȥһ¡
ӷʱҲʼ仯Ϊһɽ˿ɵĲڽ˿ϣдһйӣӷȫԿĺӡ
һһģӾްҹйִҲᣬѵһֱ𣿲Ȼһڵˣһʱˣôִܻйأ
ҲЩӷ罫Ŀȫ˽˿ϡ
һŵĿͷǲģӷҲǿЦһʼĶڶš
ӷ磬û뵽ɣڶţȻķʽǰġ
ӷĻ쵰湻ûУ湻˵Ļϸӹģһս
ţӾްҹдţӣ֪Ǻ޲ӿ׵ĸСӣеһУһϵûУһֱӿɶڰ㣬վСߵġ
ҿ㻹ңվߣһ𣬻𡣺ðɣĻʮ궼ˣѵ㲻ɡ
СҲ棬Ҳѽûڵһϣ˵ģһеȫǸʱ򣬻ʱδӿɲҽһжСӣСһӵĴµġ
Ĵ£ѾģһֱСڻӵĴ°ɡ
ӷǴӾްҹԱߵĻ˻ĻӾްҹ֪ٴˣ
֪СӣڱҪһ£Сһֱ޴ˣΪ֪ǸӾްҹͲӣǸٵģֻӵˡ
һΣӷ绹Ǹе⡣
˵úʼʣȻҳϣ˵ʲôеһУȫǸٵĺӾްҹɵģⲻڿЦʣ˭ȥðӾްҹѽǲû³Ա˳ţ


1291 ʾ¼֮
ӷ޺Ӿްҹˣ˵úʼʣһֽԭķѵĺͳһһüǣסҳңưʹҳҸǺӾ޼Ҵô꣬ڣѾľȻҵˣ⻹ӵĺʼʣЩоСʲôֱ
ڳӷѾӾްҹֵС֮ˣЩ˵ȫǼٵģһ²ҳϣеƵһϣˣưԻ𣬾Բ䣡
ôȻѾطˣڶţҪġ
ӷ˫ۼ¿ȥ
֪СѾӵоСӵʲôӻҪ˵ͬĻеһУ޹أʵӣҲܺѽ
ޣ㻹ĻŲϻʿȫ
Сӣȱ嶯Ҫ֪嶯ħţʿȻѾסˣǲͷʱǧҪѣ򣬵ʿ֮ȫʱʥʿƽʿ֣δܽʿס
̫Ǹˣôʲô֪
ðɣӳϣһ䲻Ӹɵģʼٸ֮ˣȴӡ˭йһЦȴպıߡСӣһ֪еһаɣӾͿԽеһУȫ㣬Ҫȥ뱦ĵʲôˣĶҲԶˡ
Ӿްҹڵһ˵Ÿӷ磬ӷ翴֮󣬾ͽеһСڣڵڶ˵ӷԶˣʲô˼Լѵû𣿵ּЩʲô
СӾ;ģʲô룬ʲôùܣطС֮⣬κ˶ġӽҪ˵ģһ£һʱĹ££ҪҺδͳһ֮ǰ˵𡣡
ӷڻû̫ˣںӾްҹĹ»Ҫģ棬ܼʲôܴķ
СӦͲ뵽ӼпǸŮ˰ɣûɳһеģȷǸŮˣȴӣΪӿǴүġСҲһ룬ȻˣΪʲô˵ɳһеŮˣΪһУȫӵһŮ˸ɵġ֮ǰѾ˵ˣ˭УӣҲ⡣֮ڣԣ˭Ҳ˭Һʱķѵʱֻ˵һ壬Ǹӵĸף꣬ǺӾ޼ļӣΨһһ̳ˡǣʱӣֻ棬İҵţˡǵǸʱҺӾ޼һڿսһ壬˵ѽǸʱһȢһٸţĿģҪˣȢ˾ʮŸ֮⣬ʹǰ壬ȢŻؼңȴϣյס򣬾һ֮ʱȣ֮ˣǸŮˣеŮˣһǳǿŮˣǸʱΪѾ϶۷徳磬ټΨһˣǳҿ⣡
ӷ翴⣬Ѿ˼ȤŮˣһܾȺӾްҹŮˣڵʱΪѾ϶۷ľ磬֪һŮˣǿһôĵز
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˵ùʲô¶ϣӵùʱȴ˺¡ǸŮ˾֮ȻӣһҪ޸ӣֵ̫ǿһӻ˼ңʲô粨ҲǸǳµŮˣӦӣֻҪȢͿʵһӣ֮⣬Բõڶ֪һ⻰Ҳͷ˼壬ףҲʽΪӵĵһٸš
ոģӾްҹһҲ̫ǸˣȻȢһٸţòñ˻ˣ
ȻǺӾ޼嵱ʱΨһ̳ˣȢţȻǸŮͨŮˣҲܱӾްҹС
ӣڻڸжȹǳңǸʱҲãȴΪ̫ǿѾʶ֮ơҲǸʱҸףӾ޼壬ǳҾһսȴϣҸǳ֮֡ҼΪӾ޼Ψһļ̳ˣҸ֮ȻȻǼ̳壬ȴΪ˴ѹ߽һ·ڵ磬ôһ仰޾֮·ǸʱӣҲһ··ӵĵһٸš
⣬ӷͣһ£¿
һЦѽʱӶҪˣҪ뿪Ӿ޼壬壬øӾȥȴϣ֮ǰӾȻŵ棬˵ŻĻҪӸ׳ƳΪ򵥵һ仰뿪Ӿ޼岻ʮʱ䣬֮ڣͻӵ壬ȶ˺Ӿ޼壬֮İ֮ڣӣҲǸʱ򣬱ˣ˼ңģȴǼǵһκĻʵۣҲ֪ģʼʱ¡
ӷ˿۾Ӿްҹ˵ȫģǺʼʣͳһúưԻԼҸǴô깤֮ˣͲǺӾްҹˣˣ˭
Сӣû뵽ɣʵӣһֱֻǸƷˣҪ˵ΨһΪĹףʵۣȻ˰֮£ԴֻҲΪֵýֵԺĵطˣӵĺҲû죬Ǹӵ壬ڱ߻һ֮ˣͱԽԽˣʼ˻֮޵ɱ¾Լ˶ŹֻҪǶΣ֮ˣŮŹͳͳɱҲǸʱоΣǾȰ֣ʱҲѾӣưǳҵȣûжüƣȶ˵磬Ϊ˺֮ƹܶʢӣ
ӾްҹдģҲ˵ǸŮˣǸŮˣŮ˾ǡ
ûˣӵĵһٸţнδŮˣǸӶ֪ŮˣĹȥҲֲֻᡣΪķֻ뾡һа취ȥֹȴ첻Ϊʵ̫ǿˣǿĲĻϷεƣ֣ܺЦɣһˣȻҪŮ˵һףСҲһЦӵܣҲϣǰӵȷܣܵģֻһˡ֮ǰ֪Ұ̫󣬵ҰģȴΪӶģҲӵʱɱ̫磬ûѻ˵ɱˣĺܶ飬ֻʽִٵĸһ¡ѻ˵⣬СӣӦò˰ɣҲӦ֪һУͲӸɵģĻ֣ǽδҪ㣬ʵδ϶۷徳֮ǰǧҪȥûĻ˾ڵ磬Ҳ£ҪǳҸΪѪΨһɻģֻҪгڣͲܼư档ãΪ㸸׵ĳ֣һ£ȴʲôµûĻѾڵ磬Ը㸸׳ˡһ룬Ѿˣô֪㸸׵飬ô֪£һŸ㡣СһܣʵӸδһԤ֪δıǿҲһ룬ȻδôǿΪʲôһֱɱɣΪ֪ˣȴ֮ת򣬲ңߣ֮Сӣһ㣬ϵͦģδŲҶ㣬Ϊֻ֪Ҫһ㣬תӣƴֲ֪ߵ˭ӵת
ˣӷڳˡ
ʲôʲôѽӾްҹǺӾްҹð˸δӾްҹֱԼߵĳһˣʵ̫˵ɡ
ˣСӣ˵ˡڵһӾѹ㣬֮Ѫ֮֮֮꣬ļѾõڣӾͽ֮꽻㣬Ǳӵİҹڰҹӵ䲻ܸδȣⰵҹԭҲǷǳǿģҪʹⰵҹǰǣӵ㹻ĺڰԪأ㣬ͲӶʲôˡ
ţѾˣӾްҹʾ¼֮
Ǽһʲô֮Ѫ֮֮֮꣬Щʲôõģ
ӷѽӾްҹ˵ôһģǸδʲôҲ˵Լڸôѽ
ƽ̨ϵӷ罫һ˿ɵţȻջ٣
ƽ̨ȻһûУӷ͸оˣһɷǳǿĺڰԪأڻ
¡¡
ͻأطһɾ޴𶯣Χһѷ죡
ãҪˡĺӾްҹȻһף
ʱʧΧǽϣֶѺۣӵǿ
ӷ벻طҪȫˣ뿪

̶ˮѾӷǰ漣ĳһڹţӷҲ룬̳ڹų˽ȥ


1292 ·
صĹȻʧ԰ڱը󳾻ֱҹգ԰Χѷ졣
ڽ԰ˣȫһŵɫ࣬ɣ԰ϾҪˣ԰Ҳȥ㣬ʹ֮ڣγһ޴ӣ
ͬʱӽ԰һʹ֮ⲻ֪εأ⣬˽԰⣬ǰ
£û°ɣ
һɴ󳼼ӾѾƽˣҲͷںӾûдѵŽ԰һ𣬻˵ղʹǵǳӷ磬䵽˳ӷ
ûκһˣȥѯʴ飬ֻҪûгǵǰǺӾĻʵۣǴĳˣ䵽˱˵Ӿ޻ңҪȥġ
ֻкӾ֪ղųʹǵⲢǳӷ磬һصĺˡ
׷ɱǵ⣬þʲô취˸¡
Ӿӵģ֪ԷǸ϶쾳ǿߣҪ
⣬Ϊ˸Ǻ˵ݣӾ˵ڳˣһҲ뿪ȫǰá
˿̣Ӿڹ۲ڳˣҪʲôˣǲеġ
ϾԵģƽͲ۵һЩôϣţһһ϶쾳ǿߡ
ӾʮҲɵѽ˻ʹ֮󣬸û̫ԶֱӾͱƹ˵۾ڷ˻ʺҲѾ˺ӾʮӾʮû֣ŷ
ɻʺ󿴺Ӿʮ飬֪ûеõʧѽѵ䵽˱˵ֻ˵Ž԰һʧ
Ǻεȱ˵԰һʧǲܵģô⴫׻ʲôط
֮͢ϣӾԵÿһ󳼣ͳͳһ飬ˣȫڳ˫ɳԶҲ˵ǰһȦȴûκһġ
صӾߣ˫˵£˶ˣûһ
һأ
Ҳȫˣûһġ
ǾˣǺ˵׻˭
ѽǺ˵׻ʲôˣôû˷֣УԼ֮⣬Ȼһ϶쾳ĳǿߡ
Ӿ˿ɣΣ֮ˣѾܵ˵һңһӷˣԼеǸ϶쾳ǿߣΣյġ
ӾҲųǺˣͲԼ֮ˣ֮ڲŵģҲ˵ˣǳģǳӷġ
һ룬ҲѽǳҵˣΪʲôӷղҪֹɱ˫ΪʲôҪɱ˫Լ嫻ʵء
Ӿͷʹڴ˿̣
£̫ӣѾص޹
ʲôӷȻš
ڽ԰ʱӾԳҵ׼ӷ̶֮£ǾûŻģڣȻţƽ뿪˽԰ô
ȥҳӷ硣
ȥҳӷ磬ҪԼĴ
ӷͨǵڹţֱӾͳ˻ʹĳطҲ֪ӾǶˣͲȥ𴦣ֱӻصԼס޹
ʹҲɳӷˣӷһ޹ʹʵ̫ӣ׷ʲô£ղΪʲô
ö˵ϵһµ棬ûзʲô£
̫ӣҪѾʧȥ硣
ʲôô
ڵǿĽ磬ǵ޷ͨǲ磬ϵϼ塣
鷳ˣ¿Ҫˡ
̫ӣ׷ʲô£
ܴˣǱҪϻصȥ
ɺߣԲ뿪ġ
ܲôˣԭӾްҹͲǺӾްҹˣһУѾʼ׼ԸҰˡ
ڵڶдһУӷѾˣǸδһѾչжԺӾްҹǸŮˣһĻǸǿĿµŮˣԼĸ޵лǹ׵޷֤ˣ
ʲôӾްҹǺӾްҹ̫ӣǶͿˡ
ûʱǽͣܣǸһѾʽҳսˡҪʹҰ˼ԴȦףŶûС
ʹҲʲôȻҷܻ£ǾͱҪ̸ϻȥ
ֻ
̫ӣΪλľѽ
ǷģԴݺڡ
Ǻãϻȥ
Ÿһ򿪣棬ںӾĴ֮£д󳼣ȫˡ
ӷɫ䣬û뵽ǾȻô죬Ҫ뿪Ͳˣ


1293 
̫ӣ޺õأڼƽҲͷˡ
ӾŻгԱȫ󳼣󳼼еǼٺˣȫ˳ӷס޹֮⡣
ӷڿ˺Ӿްҹµĵڶź֪һȫǺӾްҹŮΪңѾڵǱ׼ԸԼҸԼĸˣʱԼٴںĻһԼĸ״ȥ֮ǣԣӷҪϻصȥǽδʲôıҪȥҴԼĸȦס
û뵽Ӿô죬մӽ԰ӳѾˡ
ҹѾڳӷӾްҹ˵ںڰԴ֮£Ͳܽҹڵӳӷ籾ǹԴߣҲ˵޷ҹڵǽѪںϽڣͿԽѪںϵĺڰԪأҹڵͷʱӷԲ򣬺ԼҲ޷ȥơ
Ӿ㣬Ǽϼһѽû뵽ҲܻųȻǶˣô˻ұ̫ʲô̫ӿҪϢˡ
ӷ˵ӣҪˣҪϢ
ڳûһɵϣӷҪܣ˭ĳԼԲѽԼЩ˵㶺ˣ
̫ӣղڽ԰ڣޱȥģϣܵһ޷ĶѨ֪̫ǸѨ֮ڣʲôõʲô
Ѩ̫ӿ˵Щʲôղǲһ𡣡
ӷ磬װ⣬ϽҺĴ
˵ͷѾҲ̫Ǹ˰ɡղǱ̫ӵĻˣھȻľ˵ѵǺˣ𡣡
ŭӷ磬˵Сһ㣬ΪгҸ͡

ž
ʹӰһ˷ǰͲκһֹѾһ˷ϡ
켱ٺˣʲôãѾˣӿɶˡ
ӷ磬ȻҶ֣Ҫ
죬ٶ֡Ȼ㲻Ļ̫ҲԳȫ㡣
죬Ҫ
˫ֹס˷졣
үү쵰
ס졣
˫һŭܾڳӷԼȴûۼõ˵ûʲôĻԼô
ֻóӷõķҪӲԳӷǿƵӣǾԲЭģпܽ˶˵
̫ӣӲ£㲻Ҫ֡ϷҲлˣղţϷһ㣬ϷȻǣҺ֮ǻҵ̫õ˴Ǿ뽻ɣڳ̫˵һôûС
úӾްҹѾдⰵҹô򣬳ӷ绹пܽǣԼһ뿪
ڣźӾްҹеõǶԼ˵ɾʹˣڵǱиδЩһõӾްҹ治֪ᷢʲô£ԼҸǺһսֻһôĽ
ӷ粻ɵ¶һţӲǣԼõ
˫ɲҪôߣӣ֣ӣ̫ھͿɱ㡣Ǻ˶Ȼֵ̫ӵͷˣ˵̫ûκζˣԼĶزסڻֵ̫ӵͷϣǲ̫Цˡ
˵䣬ӷ翴һۺӾʮһһ˫۾ͣĳΧȥĶӷ񣬿ӣѾ֪ӷ֮ǰϳԼȴҴԼ治֪ӷڴʲôע⡣
źӾްҹǺȨ˭ܵõͿԺǣӾʮףǳӷõҲɵʱóԳӷ൱Ĳ
ֻҪ֣ԼлᣬȵǱսһ𣬳ӷȻʧȥ˱ɡԼҲڵһʱ³ӷ磬Ӿ㣬ԸңʹĵǱߵʼʱ£ĴȨԼ
ӾҲɵȻӷ綼˵ˣǲ㽫ˣȻҲųӷûõ
̫ӣȻˣҵȾʹˡϢɣ죬״ᣬϣʱѹȺۡ
ӾһӣǱߣӦϾϢˣԼߣҲ׼ˡ
ںӾĴ뿪ȴʿ￴أҲóӷ￪ʼ
š
ʹ߽Źϣӷ米˵ߵжѾǰˣҲ֤ҵĲ²⣬ǱߵĴսϾҪʼˡ
̫ӣ濴صʿȫʥ磬Ҫ֪뿪ǲ̫ܵġ
ǹƣǾԲܡӾѾʼֹˣָǱʧȥ磬Ҳ˵Ǳߵˣߵˣ˹ʶû´Ļ״ᣬͬʱҲǺĵ㽫֮ա
̫ӣǲܾţһҪ취뿪ѽһ˫սǶͺܲˣǸʱҪ뿪͸Ӳˡ
ţȥҵүүںˣ˵а취뿪
̫ӣղѾҹˣȴҲǸص̫ǶﲢϤ˵ߵݣʲôطҲ֪ˣϵǡ
ӷ̾˿˵Ȼ߲ˣǾֻǲΪӪˡϣҰֲҪǸŮ˵Ȧף


1294 ˽
Զɽڽҽ̵Ͳ֪ȥûκһˣ֪˼ܵʲôطȥˣۣҲû¶棬⸸˸ʲôطصĿģ֪Ϊ֮ĴսΪ˹۲ܷ񽫳Ҹãá
ʢٷ棬˵ѾؼˣƼҿסڵΪһ̻ǾһУƼˣȫǨƻй
һ棬ţҲڳĴ£ܲǨƻعŵܲھǣڳҵŸ߲ҲûһԹԣλӱȡ֮⣬ԱĹŶ䡣
£ӷ뿪֮ǰŵһУѾ˹ŷ棬ߣѾκεвˡ
·棬ҲճԶɽĽǻɽǽ̩ɽձ࣬Ц֪ȥ̩ɽ֮λ֮ززɽ黪ɽͳ죬ҲЩһɱҲһˣҪܼϵ׼磬Ǭ磬Լǰδ˵ĺһս
еȫۼϺ⼸֮ڣҲϺһָӻأλþұĲԶָӻأΪ˸õĵ
ͳڵңСںڵϴ죬ⷽ棬̻ǱȽֵģǰͬǣǰģֻǺڵССֵһЩڵӰˣģȴټĳңһǿĳңһۿȥʥ۷徳ǿ߾һѣʹ̵ѹǳҲֻ֪ҪԼһûߺãߴһǾͽ˽һ·һĻᶼûУ
Ϊ˲үӵ⼸ڲǶԳҸʵȫ˽⣬ͬʱҲʼҵġ׷ǧɡϾΪҵιߣ쵼֮⣬ʵҲǲӵġ
죬Ѿյս飬ǬˣŮ洸ģǬĴ£ʽս
ѵˣһָӻأָӻطǳ󣬾һ͵ĻϺĻҪϺü
ôʱûѼս鶼ѾˣϾҪһ֮սˣΪ̣֮ʱδ֡
ѵ˯ͷˣ
ƴţЦ
ʲôʱˣ˵⼸ɱκ˶ҪۣǴҿģ
ѻδ꣬ѾǻۻأǿߣԶɽĴǣ۵ʮ䣬жļսȫڳڳûпǿߣЩΪѾʥ۷徳ǿߣҪȫۼȻһ͵Ϯǿɾ鷳ˡ
˼̺ÿһ˵۾ǾŲԣǼŮǰǰÿһ˿̵ı飬ʹ
ʮ꣬Ŷʮѽǻ껪ŮʱУ԰飬̸ϸԼȥӰʲôģӹûһѹǳ
ٿڵ̣ͷɢ˵ԭںڵ㷢УѾЩİ׷ԣһۣͿԿ
Աߵĳ˿ΪʦޣҲǺܲȥԼѧ
ɣ㣬ͷôᡭ
Ϸץס̵˫ŮŮ֮䣬һֹУԼͱ̻Ҫ꣬أԼһͷڷٻάֶʮ̣꣬ȴѾǰ׷¶ˣ
ޣĳƺţӰ֮⣬˵̵ǣǱߵĻҹǶߵĺǧһǿԸȵġ
ʱŮе˧ӷϺ˧ѾȫˣЩ˿˿İ׷׸ıλĴ˶
׷ǧɡעЦһںЩ˵ӷ粻ڵʱ򣬳ӷĽɽӷһУԼػɣ˭Ҳ߳ӷκζǴԼʬϲȹȥ
ܶŮˣΪԼİˣԸԼഺⲢʲô֮¡ģ֮ڣѾԼഺ֮󣬻ܸԼŮˣڹŴв٣ִټ磬ҳʺɵʱŮˣǺѵˣңӦøеңһõϱ
ˣڲǸпʱս飬Ѿ͵ˣ죬ս֮աŹùã֮սʲô
ҵĳУֻгһڳǽӹ˳ңϾ鲻㣬ܶ飬Ҫ
磬Ǭ磬ֻǸǰˡĵˣǺ˵֮սҪҪ㳲ģȷ沿ӣɵȥӦͿˡ
Źù˵ûҪǬǵǻ֮һһսжĻȲ˵ģһΣյģӷ硣
ںΪǵʣóвǣǸô죿ƴţʵ
ᣬֻҪߵͲҶӷһͷ˵
ţԣҿҪˣ֮սҪȫʤҴֱһʥ۷徳ǿߣֱǬ硣Źùãûʲô⣿
һ£˵ô׵ĻǺһǬһΪоûκεˡû´ĻǳҪ֮⣬ӦûĿġ
Ŀģʲô
Ŀǰ֪һжҪ죬ֻмˣΪԷһɣӷ֮ǰۼڵΧһٰʮ·Ҳý򣬸Թλˣ
˵ʲô󲻵ıһٰʮ·ͳΪĵˡһھͶһٰʮ·µʱ⣡
ʱ佣ӵһ绰ڽ绰֮ǰ˵̫жˡ
ʲô
Ů洣ģǬ½ˡ
ʲôط
֪½֮󣬾ͲӰˡ
ս죬Ǭ磬쵼ȴ½ˣһ⡣佣ȥѰһҪҵǵλãǿɲܱǸ͵Ϯˡ
ǣȥҡ
˵սϾҪʼˣɣǷ棬ǲǸȽһ£
ѽԽǱߣһҪһ¡
˵Ҵʹ绰ȥ⹫ǷģֻҪһŵһ죬ӷ磬һܻģ


1295 װֻ꣬Ϊ
ʺ޹Ӿһ뿪ˣʺҲںӾ뿪ļӾ𴲣һӣǾԼĴӣͬʱҲΪԼĽñӣɹʣ
޹Ż򿪣Ӿʮ֪Ľ롣
ǲǷˣʱܹ˷֣ǵļƻͳˣ
ӾʮǰԼ˱裬Цİɣˣæ£ͲκˣںҶˡ
ӾΪ˲ӷ緢֣ڰ״֮£㽫񣬽˷˫ɳԶ죬׸ۼбͬһʱУֻҪһϢǺߣͻʢӡͬʱӷ磬Ҳ
Ӿʮ˵Ӧ˵ںͬʱҲǷӾʱ򡣵ʱֻҪҽȨõ֣ź붫ʢӣʼʱǱߣҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
жٰգ
һ롣
УҪа˷ֵİգ򣬾ʧܡҪֻ֪Ҫһ֣ͻᱻӾϳʱǱҪסһֵȨ
ͽˣһ״ϣ˶֪϶쾳ǿߣӾһˡ㣬ҲҪڴ˿̣ǰ㽫̨Ǳߣʱ㣬״ߣͲùˡ
βӾʮȻֻǺĹϵЩѾ㵱ҵĶӡǵļƻܳɹͬʱҲ¡
Ӿʮվ˵ԭֻǸֱҪСؤңҲһλûУ˶ңǴ򣬾㣬ұһ϶쾳ǿߣҵĶ飬ҺӾʮԶǵġΣҪһţӵеһС˵ʧܣҲᾡһе뿪ġ
ʺߵӾʮǰ̾˿˵ǵĿģֻǶȡȨܲɱģҪɱɡ
ģˣʱҲˣıѾˡھǱߣкܶ㸸׵ϲ£ھȥǣʲôֻ轫һֵıȨƿǾ͵ڳɹһ롣󣬺Ӿ㣬Ը
ʺ˵ͷźӾʮȥɵۿгۣİ㵱˶ӣǣҲɼѽʮԲϣܻţ
޹ſڣֳһߣ£û
ʱˣˡ
߶޹ڵĻʺ˵
ʹͣһ£ȥ۽еˮһֿ̬ʵܷܲŹʮ
УӾʮҪ̫ӾͻΣա
ףʮֻǸӣѵͲܡ
Ϸ죬Ϸ㣬ֻҪܾ̫˵һӾʮϷŮҲ
ʺ˶ѽǰλߣԼĸףǺ֪϶ǿߡ
ԭԼĸѾںܶǰѾˣû뵽׵ȻǼٵģֻΪݣʹߵݡ
ףŮܲһ£
£
㵽ôģ
಻̾˿˵Ҫ֣͹ԼϷʹںӾߣԱպ¡û뵽ȴΪһ˲Ը֮£Ϸֻܡ
Ͳѳģɱģ
û㣬ĸףȫˣϷɱ
ΪʲôҪѵΪһңĿеһУ𣿡
಻ЦˣϷˣȫڵ磬򣬲ϷļңүӣϷĶˣһ֮ϷԵһ౨
һ֮Ȼɱȫˣ
Ϸ˵Ϸˣڵ硣㰴ϷķԸȥֻҪ̫һգϷȻһ뿪صȥҪѧϷھͿԽ
ΪһңɱԼŮɱԼӣɱȫˣԼҲװֻ꣬ΪһңΪ˲úӾ˿Ļɡ
ңжħ϶쾳ǿˣ
ŮᰴķԸȥϾŮġڳӷ֮ŮҲ뿪ģļңŮļңŮʱȥĸףҽ㣬Ůļˡ
಻תȥۿУκε˸иˮԴԼ𣬵ڣеһУеڣԼӣΪģǵȴһĵ
ԭΪҷֱӹưԻû뵽Ȼôһף̫ү˹Ϊǵʡ
಻֪ӷ磬̫ӣʹųҵĽӷ£ǳҲˣԣܸĴۣԼҲҪȳӷգ
ʺһóһСƿӣСƿװŵǾ綾
ף³֮ͻɣŮҲȥŮĵطˡŮֻ˵һŮТ̷ˡ
ڵϣʺ軭಻ȥķ򣬿ͷ


1296 ׿ʼ
Ҳ֪ǹΪ֮ǺһַףȻ״ᰲʮ֡
˲Ÿùƣȫۼ˺嫻ʹĳ֮ϣʹ壬ϽǵȫˣڳΨ˫ɳԶڣһǷסļһǵة࣬ⳡ״ϾȻ֣ɣɳԶǹүүܲڳءЩӾѾǵˣеĳڳûĹϵ佫Ҫóӷ翴κβԾĵطڷǱߣ˫ҲûϵֻҪһھˡ
ӷ絽ڶδһ˹䲻ˣҲǺΡ
һ˳õһ䣬˶ڵȳӷ磬ͲȥעӾʮǺžơ
㶼źûУ
ڲòӾʮΪԼļ壬Ҫ㵽ʱ˫Ҳֻܶס
ģǵļƻȥһҶѾźˡ
ǧҪκεĲֻҪһ֣̾ͻᱻϳġ
ҳ֣Ϊ˶Ըӷ磬Ϊ˶ԸӾ㣬Ҳ⳯£СԱɻ䣬ǲɵȥһ϶쾳ǿ߽оģΨһᶯֵģֻһӾˣֻҪӾܣλˡͬʱҲҪȥǱߣ뾡һа취Ӹסõһ֮Ȼ˰ġ
֪͢ĳ˵ĹϵܺãҪң˭ɣ
ʱǧһӾʮҲʲôˣ˵ʺ󡣡
ʲô㲻˵Цɣʺ󣿡
ûʺʱ˵ǰЩϲ£ϣȨ
ףӾʮΪʲôôİˣԭ֮ףǸһġ
һ¡ڽ԰ʱΪʲôҪɱүү
ǵĻǽ£ҲҪˣھͿԽ㡣㲻ٶʣ˽죬һ֮£֮ϵĴڡʻǲʣԼŰ졣
Ҳɵѽ֪ӾʮΪʲôҪڽ԰ڶԼүү֣ȻѾ֪˴𰸣ǻʲôֻȺӾʮλһӦþûʲôˡ
ǱѾ˺Ӿްҹڽ죬ɢȥʱǷʢӵûᡣ
δҲѾһж׼ˣȺߵĴ붫ʢʱۣҲӦþʧˡȻһеļƻʧܣδܽ۱ƽռĻǾδʢӣǱߣҲȥģԣǺߣǽδǱߣѾû·ˣ
ڣδ׼һУȴƫƫһӾʮһҪ˻ȡλȡӾʮպþ͸˳ӷһᣬһĻᡣ
ҪһңǲߵĴܲܳӷҲԳ֮ʱصԼһ֮
̫ӣӾѾüˣٲȥĻˣҪܵˡ
ʹվڳӷǰ˵ɫǳѿ
ǵҵûУ
ûУص̫Ǹϵ
ϵϣ
̫ӣ˵᲻ˣ
ܡ˵үүѡģүүôܻѡһпܻ֮˷ŵǷʲôԾĵطѾڰһˡˣȲóֵʱȻ֣ȥӾ쵽ʲô
ʹͬʱͷ˳ӷ
߳޹ӷͣһ£˿ΧоΧǰ˵嫻ʹǳ
е㲻ˡʹߣͲøȥˣʹ߸Ҿˡȥ鿴һ£嫳ƽʱûʲô֮ͬסҪЩϰյĿȥʣɵԼһ˵ܡ
ǣϾȥ鿴
ʹ뿪˻ʹʹ߸ųӷһ·ȥ·ϣʹʵ̫ӣߣǲǴ㶯ˣ
˳ǵġҪֵĶ󵽵ңҪʢӣڻܿ϶
ҪĻǱضҪȽǸǲû
ʱ仹ûɡһ͵˵ڵǸٺӾްҹѾʼļƻҪԸĵһˣҰ֡Ҳ˵ֻҪҰֲ£ĴѾᣬҲġ෴Ұ£ǸŮ˵ˣǺͻǶ֣ͬʱʢӡ
ģµܵС
˵ھʵǰеıƶΪӰҲˣǸٵĺӾްҹҲʡ͵ĵơοѾô꣬ɹʡ
˵䣬Ѿ˳֮⣬ʿѾڿƣӭӳӷ磬ڵɱǳǿҡ
ɱ졣ʹߣһСģһ֣ùңͻΧ
ǡ
ÿǣ˵ȥֻҪһܻص磬Ǿоȣزȥһжˣ
ǣˣ


1297 嫾Ӽ
볯ʱ˫۾ȫ˳ӷһ˵ϣĴСȫ˳ӷһʱˣҪʼ״ᣬӵڣѾˣ
ô˵ǿͣǲ˵˼ҵȴǺģǣˣǸʣʲôʱѽ
˭뽫ӷʬΣȴκһ˸֮ģÿ˶֪Ĵ£ⳡ״ᣬֻϵĹĿģǵȴŵǱߵĻῪʼֻҪ۸㶨ˣǶԸһӷ磬˵ôôġ
ôҾõˣ̫еⲻȥѽ
ӷһ£ɱã㣬ڳӷյſʱѾоˡ
Ӿվ˵̫ӿˡⳡ״᱾ΪеģҪ׼һ£ҲӦõġ
ʵأѾͷСԵĻɡӦǸ磬Ǹ磬ǿѽӣһȥǵ磬ܻԿģطȽϺá
˵ⳡ״᲻ȡҲ÷Ѿ˼Լˡ⻰ӷ绹Ҫ˵ġ
̫˵ЦˣȻ׿ڴӦǳҵ飬ȻҪġνһԾŶⳡ״ʹȡҺҪΪ˵Ц˰ɡ
ɵѽòװȻȡⳡ״ᣬҪȡΪ㻹뿪
ӷ翴źӾк˵СӸҵţȵǱߵļƻһɹҿ㻹ôš
ӷ粻ɵһЦԼҲʱ䣬ԼϣǵĴѾȫ׼ˣԼҪ뾡һа취뿪ϻصȥֹδǸŮ˵ıơ
Ȼǳ˳ģǱ̫Ҳûʲô˵ˡɣô棬̫ӷ㡣
˵ϣ˫ҲѾ˸ˣҪͷѵҳӷ绹¹˭ɣ˵ЩһڵǱ˷˵ļðӾްҹҺҲûһ¡
ôһŮŪڹ֮УΪ˵ĳӷ֪еһкȻǲܵģܹ鲻ܣܽǸŮ˸㶨˿ɾͶˣ
ҷҲ֪ǸʲôԼүүף֪ǱߵĺӾްҹǸðģƻ£Ϊľһ죬ԣôܸĴۣӷ綼Ҫȥֹ
Ǻã칫״ڿʼҲʱ䣬ͰķʵùԼѡ޵ĳɡ
ڳܶ꣬ѾǴÿһˣͬһĿģΪȢΪҪⳡ״ϣɱ˳ӷ磬õĻᣬܣôһλˣ
£ʹ֮⣬
ʿСܽڵ˵
ʲôˣ
ǵĲºм֣Ƕ˵μӹµ״ġ
ӾԭȻڳһԲסӷ磬û뵽ȻúӾǷǳĸˡ
ЩˣɶǺһеٮٮߣˣȫǸܾˡû뵽״ᣬǻ᲻
Ӿ㿴ӷ磬ʵ̫ӣмˣʵӦòɣ
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1302 ǿߺսʨ
˫أֱӾվ˺֮ڣִ͵󷨣ȻģκεĹԣֻھۼŴ򿪺ռ֮ŵΧЩնɢĺ֮ţֻҪ󷨲ͣľۼʹɢĺ֮ŽΪһ壬ĺռ֮ھͻ֡
ռ֮ʽ򿪺󣬾ͻһǿ˵ΪǿģԽеһУȫ룡
ʱûһʱΪһ޴ڣ㽫ǰĸƽˣҲһַʽ֣һһķ˷ʱ䣬βֱӽǰЩˣͳͳȺռ֮ſʱʥʿرա
ģŮ洣Ǭ˳Ϊ˶Ը۵ˣδȻǣȻҪͷģҲ֤˽δĽƻȶ֣ƵһģԼˡ
ۣ֪Ķ֣ǸΪͱˡ
ģΪ˶ս㣬⡣ǣҲΪκΪϣ֮ڣҳΪ׵Ļ˭ֵܵס
ۣ޵У죬ҵȼʶһʥʿɡ
ƾЩˣ䡣
䣬ˣѾ۳˹ϰٸʥ۷徳ǿߣҲǽ
۲Ҳæ΢΢һ̤أƬԭʼɭ֣ȫΧǧ׷Χڵֲȫݣڳ۵γһǿƬԭʼɭ֣ȫ·ȫ룬濴һУԭʼɭڣҲѾһˡ
δ֮ڣ²ɵĻ
Ҿ£ΪܳԽ϶쾳磡û뵽۽ʮ겻ͿԳԽˡѵʥʿƽʿ𣿡
δԼ۵ΪԽ϶쾳磬۵ΪҲԼ֮ϡ
·ĳĵˣȿۣͼӳڣ΢΢һ⣬Щͬһ㣬ΧɢȥʹĳĵһҲ޷ƶ벽ÿһˣǱƵġ
۵һӣ񽣣У񽣿ٵķű仯ӰɫתΪ֮ϣͬ⡣
ʮûɱˣ죬ҵġ
ȷʮˣʮǰ㣬ɱ¾ǵɱ¾ԭֻͣڶʮǰ죬ȻδѾһУǳۣбҪǿ
ұԸٶ֣ȻҲû취
񽣶֣ʱһʮʮٽٽǧѽγһУһͬС
Ů˫ķǳУǽꡣ
ã磡

ɵγɵ磬ŮǱ߳ȥ֮ݲ
δû뵽һ֣ȻԽˣȫɱԼҲ޷쵽ѽǣǾԲˣֻԼԶˡ

ⱦ˽δϷƽ׵ĽδŽⱦ·ĳѹġ
ۣаɡ
ŶƽƵأƽʿռܣ
¡һδŽⱦѹ˵֮ϣڵϣʱһ޴Ŀӣռ˰ԭʼɭ֣Ҳ˵ԭʼɭ֣Ѿһ롣
ʯҹδŽⱦӾ޿֮ڻ𣬳۽һ֣ӵ㣬ڳߡ
־ٹͷһָֻڳ۵ͷһȦһƽеȦȦڣĳһףһγɵף״һֻʨӰ㣡
δǿĵ˵Ķ֮ƽˣԱ绹Ҫٶ˺󣬳ĵҲڼϷֵǸ׺ȫ˵˽δ
ʼʱ£ʲôŮʵ
δͷǵһ˿ȴֻ¶°ɵĲλ
ʥףСģҪˡʥ۷徳ģȫ˵Χȴ͵Ϯ
˵͵ϮǵΪ͵Ϯ˳۵ĻǿǺЦˣ
δеĻƽ޽ֱָۣͬʱ۵ʥףҲѾɢղλ˳۵ϡ
ҿƽʿܷ񵲵ס
仰ֻ˵һ룬ܵɢĻһУҲ͸ýˣһУͶˡǣ֮ڣضȡ
ûƽʿʥʿǰ˵һսסɣδ˼ѹɳ۵Ļ
ģŮ洣ǬˣϽǵȫڡ
һ˵ȫҪԾ𣿡
ںռ֮Żδְֻ취ˣϣʱļ
ܵסۣǵʱôƽռ䣿
δЦһ˵㲻õģȻҵġ
һ㣬δҲѾ㵽ˣȴ㲻׼ܰԼ۱ռ֮ˣʲôʱܵǸˣԲԼˣӲԼѣ
ȻôаգǾͶְɣҶһ


1303 δռ֮ſ
ĵȫڽδγţֱ𽫸Եȫδڡ
ЩǿߵУĸŮ洣ǬǬȫǺڰԴߣĹԴߣȫδʱڰԪأȻûжԽδκε˺෴δڴȵڹ⣬ͬʱڽδһ
ۿǰԪصĽδɵеԾŮˣѽȻǸ˫Դߣ
һ룬ȻŮ洵Դǰƽʿ˫ԴҲûʲôֵģѹֵԳưԻ˫Դߣټ֮УҲ֮ٵġȻųһӷ磬Ͼӷõ˳ĵѪҲǹڰͬΪһ壬ֻĿǰû취ԪظӳˣҪӳԪصʿͱضѡ
ۣһս͸ɡ
δѾȥˣ͹˼κΣе׵ģֻҪԼûǽһսԼӮۣضҪ䣬ңضҪ䡣
еĿһӣȻҪɱ䣬Ҳûʲôԥˡ
һ
ۿһӣʱϷֳһ޴ĿննǺռ֮ŵķɢ壬ǳ۴˵һͨǿ֮ԴֹĴӿնڿڡ
ͬʱ۵˫ۣһ⣬һѪѪһ˲䣬һ亹Ͻ֣ҪѪ֮
۱ʥʿӵΪǿҲ˵Ľ֮塣ڣȻҪóѪѪ˶֪ģҲֻǼӷʹðˣκһˣԶɽʹóѪѪڳ۱ȳӷǿٱû֪Կ϶һǣ޾ɱ¾
δеȫǰɲɵѵĸӲӲ𣬽˵ֻΪʱˣסص㣬֮ƥУ
һɽڹγɵĹǽչ˽δǰǽƷ·ԵֵסһеĳҪ۵һֵʹԼˣδһնûС
һ졣

ǿ⽣ӳ۵ĿбγһĽ⣬ֱδ
δǿеֵס˽ɵɻ֮˵·ѾѺۣǵƤѡ
¡
ǿĽ˽δǰĹǽ֮ϣʹĹǽʱΪ˷飬δģŮ֮⣬ˣǬڣȫˣˣȫ˵ϣȪˮѪҺ
һֱӽδ˵ƽˣһʹǿˣ֪һһôĳ̶ȡ
һҲŽЩȫɱһգһЦǾôȫվҵڶ
ڣܶˣѾʼˣ˵һŮˣʲôãؼȥ廨ӶѽƫƫҪܹΪУܶԸ˵˼ֻһͽ˸ɱˣ£汻ǼŮ˸ˣ
еıԹ˴ʱ˿̣Ѿ𲻵ˣÿһҲ֪˵Ҫɱ䣬ǽ첻ôսǽһȻˣǾͺƤϰɡ
δ󺰵ģȥ򣬲ȳ۶֣ɱǡ
ðɣҶһ㼱ʲôҲҪ˻ѽ
ǿʹٴν
δټһǰ˱֮ǰǿһĹǽ
ڶء

۵ĵڶһĸŮ϶쾳ǿߣҲסˣȫڵϡ
ΨδһˣԭأڣҲѾѪڣŨŨѪҺѾ嵽˺ȴӲ̻ڡ
ˣֻҪסһʤˡ
δаպʱĳۣȫɱҪ꣬ҪˣҪҲû취
ˡ
𣬵һ죬ڶأˡ꣬϶ǿߣǻƽʿͳͳȥɡ
δɫԽԽѿҪˣɺռ֮ŻδԼҪȵǸδһһоȫˣ
ʱ򣬽δ˫΢΢һһ֮䣬δɫ΢΢˱仯
ˣ
ԭʼɭ䱻۵δġ
ģƳ۵һսյıˡ
á
Ů˺۵Ƴһӡ
棬ʮսңԶĶ۵ɫԽѿ
ôˣ
ԭʼɭֵ֮սȫдšй֣Ϊ׵սڣһŮˣʮսȫˡ
ԽԿսʮˣ˹
׳棬Ƭԭʼɭ֣ѾסˣǸͳ岻ȥ
ʲôһҪȥ
׳һӡ쿴Ǵڴս
ҷ䵼
ǣ׳



ϵʮöͬʱδĴĿ˽ȥ˿Խʱܹﵹæ¿е鷳ˣ
ۣ벻ɣܵģңķˣЩֵܡ
ٷϻȫµ
˼̫ˡ
ʲô
ɱ˸Щֵܡ
Ǹ𣿡
ûУϾ֪ˡ
ȥսһգͻȻ·һǿ
δûнϷսǳᣬеۼռ֮š
֮䣬ǿҵİ׹⣬׹֮ڣһƬ޾ĺڰǵϳһ޵׶㣬˾޴⣬Ǻռ֮š


1304 һ۵û
ԭδһڣ㵽֮սԲһȻֻϰĴڣЩһ֣͸ļƻ˾һʡ
һԵۣ˵ǲΪκ˵ĳ֣Ƚһеģܶʱ򣬺ܶǿߣһۣҪ˶ɽģȻ٣òϣȷеģպã۾ôһˡ
ҲΪ̫ǿǿܵУڶʮǰ۵ѾʼįˣįĲںκεһУֻںôһİοʮһֱԼǷԽģΪԼһʱʧ룬ʹԽʧȥʮʱ䣬ΪӣԼ飬۲Ǿĳ
ڲۣͬйʷϵЩ۽Ȼͬ˵֪ʲôʱʼԽ죬ѾΪһɽһڳһ˵ĽɽΪɽҲԷеһС
ڣԽԴʮɱ˹ó´󾪲ԣû뵽
ռ֮ţѾ׿ˣȫδҲѾƽжһǿϺռ֮ŵǿϷսȫ
ã
һ˽δǰһ̣еĿ񽣣Ѿδͷ˹ȥ
ৡһδͷһѺۣͷһ롣
һһգչ˳ǰۼʱʱסˣ
ôܣôܻ
㡭
ȳۻ䣬δ̽һָסԼɣԼӣۿˣԳԾı˵δǳʶˣ
㱻֪˭ҲѾ̫ˡ
Ϸսȫ½Ҳܲ˽δˣǿ϶ȥ
׳Ѿ˸סˣɡ
УǴ˵еĺ󣬿ӣռѾǵĴ˵һ˺ռ䣬ǾԶܻˣһɡͻֱӱռȥģ
Ǹô죿
ѾǶסˡ׳Ϸء
Уһ̫Σˡ
õĴ磬粻µġ
ڲԽʲôԣǼǷأѾˡ
δټһֱӽеս̳˺ռ֮ŵʮ֮ϣһֻ־ٹͷٴνеսס
죬ܹʲô
ۣ㲻̫˽ˣⲻһ˵¡
ϸһȥ̫Σա
ΣյĻҲˡ
ɩĻϻȥɡ
Уҡ
ۣһˣںռž۰ɣǽȥ
ۿЦһͻأڵٴαֱӽеսա
δڸͲҪκεˣ϶£嵹תⱦѹ˳֮ϡ
ƽռ
¡¡
޴Ľƣδ˽£ǿѹĳ۵˫ţѾӽ˿ռ֮ţ壬ȥ
ۣ군ˡģǻʲôϹæ
δѾ۱ռ֮ڣĵˣˣȫ˹еٴιδڡ
һ˿ռ֮ţܽδô޷۷ֺˡ
Ȼ˵Ҫɱ䣬ҲһҪˡ
飬飬顣
ӳ۵γһ֮Խδʼһֱϳȥ
δϵĻƽףըʮÿһˣĸŮ֮⣬壬ȫ˾ҵıը
˲ɱϰٸʥ۷徳ǿߣǳĸŮ洵ΪѾ϶쾳磬ҲѾɱˡ
δû뵽۶ˣȻɱԼôˣⲢʲô٣ԼļƻѾɹһ룬ЩˣԭҪڻҵģġ
ǬΪУ󣬻ȫʬ
۵建δҧأţ۵Ѿ˿ռһ룬ȻܳԲܡ
ô
ŮˣԶŮˣ̫˵㡣ֻҪҲȥĵطûȥ
ҲţԲܡ
Ȼˣȥĵط˭Ҳֹҡ
䣬һƽδ˵ΧĸλãԼҲѾ˿ռ֮ţһ˫վռſڡ
벻Ȼ㡣
ýָסĽδ˵
֪ôѵ㻹л𡣡
ᣬԶҵǱ˵ĻɼȻ㣬Ҿ͸һλɡ
ۣʲô˼
㲻Ǻҽռ𡣿ԣҪ㶯ˣҲ˵Ҳȥĵطûܱȥȥĵط˭Ҳֹҡˣ죬Ҿ͸һᣬᣬʱ䣬֮ڣʲô飬Ҷܣ͵ռϢɡ֮һٴδ򿪺ռ䣬һػص磬ʱ˵һƽʿʮƽʿҲͳͳɱ
ѽ۲ȥĵط˭ܱȥȥĵط˭ֹ
죬δб£Щ飬ȷӦҳְģҪδ֮ˣں档
ٶԣ۵壬Զȥ
죬֮꣬һġ
ϷսڵԽ׿һУô۸ʲôЩˣΪʲôҪԶ䣬һ䣬һУȫˣ
ڳ۽ռ֮ڣһ⣬ϣУ̻㱬˿˷
δһЦڳɹˡģŮ洣֪ͨʢӡҷ棬ɱ
ǣʼʱ¡
Щˣˣۿκɱ˵ġ
ռ֮ʧˣҲʧˣԭʼɭָ֣ԭ
ʨ޵Уһۣʹʧ˼䡣ѵۣľʧľԶռ𣿳һʧңӷָΣ


1305 
ʻս˼Ѿ˺ռ䣬ʱ򣬳ҷ˵᧿Σˣ˵ز˾ôɽڣûա
ɩѾ˺ռ䣬ûٴοĻǲܳġڵ˵ƿ֮ˣΪһ֮ףϻȥִ֡
Խ˫ۺᣬˮȴû
ۣ޵УԲµġˣϳˣԸǷ棬̷ȫʩ
Ϊ۵ӣǺô꣬۵˭Խ
ۣԲµģڣȴҪԼȥִ֧֣ʱԼܿ£ҪΪԼļͥļͥˮ֮С
ǣϺ
λүﶥס
׳ǿȥ桭
淢ʲô£
öǣ
ʲôģĿĵǡԣϳȥ
վϺſڣǣ˵öǣƲվʲôλãܿĵ
ôͻȻôǣ⻹ǴľͿ
ЩǡԱߣԽѾϻˣٶȸϻ
ǴĿʨ

ûѾҷ棬ֹͣսʼֹķ״̬κˣٳս
еһսѾ˰Ȼÿһ˵ϣˣҲѾս˲٣طҲòȥ
ɩ쿴öǣ
ƴţѪֵֻĴ󵶣ҲѾòˡ
ǣҴķɣѾˣ˻ط
ʲôֳˣôܣ
ôˣڲЩ顣
ͷİ׷ѾѪȾ죬׷ޣΪѪޡ
ˡ
ǣ̫
ѾĹϵҲǳڽռ֮ǰһʨʹĳ֪Ǳ߿ǳ⣬ڲòء
̵ԺУ·һߣһϵ
ɣʱˣϹɡ
үү
ɣүүʲôط
ŹùãȴˣүүϸϹȥ
ǺãԼСһ㡣
ʵһߣδŮ洣гѾɱ
ɱһң𡣡
ǣʼʱ¡
ĳһ䣬̽һѩɽۣ֮ѩɽ֮һ޴ҶٶȣҶ֮ڡ
ҶڣԶɽϥΧǿҵţϣһͼ
үүôˣ
Զɽ˫۽գǱ᧿ΣʵǳܲסˣսҶͲε
Զɽ۾ѱѪȾͷ̾˿˵ӣˣ
үүҲ࣡Źù˵ֿܳˣ
ûѾˣѾ˺ռ䣬ûٴһκռ֮ŵĻԶزˣ
ôүүڸôӷô
ӷǱ㲻õģүүˣزˣҲΣյġǵ磬һߣĴԣڽţҲһ꣬Ҳ꣬Ҳп޾¡ɣүү㶥ס
˵ɶסңǻүү˵ˣ޵Уһʲôռ䣬һסġ
ˣ˶ˡռģȻүү֪ΪʲôҪȻȥģǶʱڣ;ԲܻүүΪҪֵס嫴ҳҵռ󣬶Ҫռ󣬾ͱүүԪСΪĿġ֮嫲󷨲үүͽԶΪһˡ
˳ԶɽⷬҲܲסˣ˫һڵء
ɣڲѹʱΪǳңΪӷ磬ΪԼҲΪˣ࣬ʹ࣬㣬ҲһҪ֧ȥ
үү֧Ųסˡ
ģֻҪһеˣֻҪ󷨲ƣǽƻˣҲƻ˵ֺġүүطͳΪΪҪ֮أ˭ÿ
үүҪ𣿡
֮⣬үүѾ벻취ˡɣһҪţӷ磬һ죬ӷģٴδ򿪺ռ䣬ֻع飬󷨣үүϹͷġ
䣬ԶɽΧ⣬Ѿʼۼ
ɣ뿪ȥ飬һˣܻž۵һġ
ˮȥ˵ҶſڣǰҶѾʧ
үүౣأһṼĺģס硣
顭
¡¡
һ޴ĹӴѩɽֱۣ֮ʣѩɽҲֱʧ
׷ɱĽδʱֹͣ˫Զǹռ󷨣ˣ˳򡣡
ʲôɳҷ桭
ڹܲôˣٲˣңҲǵֵסҴġ
ʼʱ£⵽ʲô󷨣
˵ھʯ֮£֮У˿ɵֵ
ʲôˡ


1306 أȴ
Ƭ֮ף֪ʱһѺۣѺ۵һ⣬֮ڣһ꣬ϥ
ͻȻƬ򣬶ʱζ֮ʹĺ֮γС
˿Ȼ۾̧ͷѺ֮ϣֻһˮڲͣĲţΧκεĺһССĺ㶼ˡ
ңİ𣿡
ȻǱӷ֮ǰں׵ľأڵľҲûɭЦݣǿգԼڳӷ֣֮ⶫ֮ף֪Ҫ£ټգҲԶܳȥ˰ɣ
ӷѽӷ磬òϣܸ㣬Ҳҵ˰ɡ
ľ̾˿ڰˣȴ˵ܸӷĻһľ⻰ǳЦ
ľȴΪΪԿ϶ҽ֮ܣ˵ǽδǱߵʤµˣǳۣǳӷ硣
ľؽһССѪѾԽԽˣľزΪѪͻʧɳӷԪγɵģֻҪӷһ죬ѪͲʧͬģһӷˣѪȻҲͲˡ
㲻ôģ㻹Ҫҳȥһս
ľؽѪսڣ֮ʲô£ҲܳӷΣȥʲôطֻҪԼ뿪ǾͿƾӷԼһԪҵӷ磬ĻǺǣıԵľͷ
ңһȥġ
仰֮˰Σӿ
ҵľǳҵһŵƣһҲ˵ΣҲƾ󷨣ҵеˣ󷨵磬ֻҪ󷨲©ǳҵĵˣһ޷벽
磬еκһ磬κһʲôԶƵ󷨣Ѿ˺ռ䣬ԳԶɽһ֧֮޵ģţ󷨵Ҳ𽥼ʱ֮Ľδͻٴɱ
ڣԶɽ׼ˣҲ㵽ôһƵģһ֧֮
λֵܣΣˡ
ѾʧĴѩɽҶУѾʯ˵ĳԶɽ
ڳԶɽΧͻȻͬǱʯ˵ˣȫۼ˳ԶɽΧγһȦ
治֪ǳǷǵģǷԶɽġ󣬻Ҫһܿ࣡
ϵǱˣǳ۸ûɳԶɽȴǴСġ
ңڳԶɽһУȻܾͳԶɽһˣԶɽϴ棬׵ܵܣһӡ
磬Ȼ鶼ѾһͲҪ˵ϻˡǰ鶼ѾȥˣãʲôҹѽʱӣϣҪǵĽ̵ɱ
Զɽ˵Ҫ֮УǼҽ̵ӷ磬ʹĳɳڣ㲻׼ܲɱˣ
ɷģҪʱǶСӣȷҲţһɱġ
ûˣǵʱҪ̵ӷˣʱǻ˵˳ӷ֮󣬾ͲǷԶɽʲôˣӷ統ʱ⻰е˼ӷĻЩͻ֪ԭҪ̵ԼԼļλǰԭԼļүү̣
ӷ磬Զ֪ˣ˵ǳӷ磬ңԶɽ֮⣬Ҳû֪˵ĴڣЦѣ֪Զɽмֵܣ
ǼУһԼ̳гҡҲҵʱλǸɣκһ֮ҲҾͲ䵽زˡ
СӣͲٷ۴Ǽ֮ѵǻĶӣӷ𡣡
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ãǴһ϶죬̤۷壡
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δʵģңֻгԶɽһ𣿡
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ʵڳԶɽһУ߸
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ģһ쵽ġ
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ÿһﶼ룬ӷѽӷ磬Ψһϣˣһ£Ͻɣˣڵ㣬үүȥȣ㸸ףȥӭأ


1307 սǿһ
֮ϣһ֧֧ĸѾֱĻڳˣ͵ȵĲͷˣûκ˽ڼ֮·ӷôһүǣЩǵŮӻҪƵġ
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˱ǸˣӾǵĳƺһ㶼ûںӾʮĶУȴܲҲ룬Լλ֮󣬶Ҫ糾
ŮڻĴ¸Ҫ£ϾֵطǸþģÿһ˵Ҳ֮֮⳯ϣᷢʲô飬ԼЩŮΪǳȨ֮£ǲӦǣС

ӷֹһڳ˷̬ȣһҲûı䡣
̫ӣ趼Ѿˣ㻹Ļȹ˽˵ɡ
Ӿ㣬˼ȻǱ̫ģû̫Ӹ߰ɡ
ǳ̫֮ǣ
°ɣףȴ棬ЩСŮһûͬΪŮˣʶһֳ棬Լպףġ
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ôͲܱˣǼλһǺء
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ӷ濴һ̬ܲȣѾһֲĸоָоóӷǲ
ӷʹϵ򷽷һɣѾˡ
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һ湻αģ³֮Ǵô³ɷѽʢӣ˳ңɱӷЩǱ£ڶʱڣҲ첻ɡ
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ˣ޵Ļʵ̫࣬³̫ѾȵĲͷˡھ̫ǰǴҼʶһ£Ѫɡ
ӾֱӽѪ˳ҪڳˣʵǧҪһվ˳ǾҪһİգסӷ磬ⳡ״ʱȥ
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Ӹ¸ǳãеһԡڳӷһŷӦǵһϳġ
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˵ûҾ͵Ȱɡ
ӷλ˳ڵûɢ˿ҵʹߣڳӷ߳ȥһ̣еȫ˳ǲҪκεأֻҪ˸͵Ϯӷ磬Ǿͻƴ
ȻǺӾ޼˳ģӲҪŮ͸̫ӣǱ̫ҲͽܰɡڳЩ̫Ӳ˳۵ˣھͿվˣսҪ̫һ֮ˣ̫Ҳ
ӷ磬̫̫˰ɡ̳ҸС
һվ˳ȻˣҲøҶҪսģɱһһɱ׬һ
ϡﻩһƨ۷徳𣬱̫ӾƷľ㡣ˣȫ׼ɣǾжߣһսǿǱ̫ӵֻ
սǿӷǴʵǿҲ̫ǿ˵ɣߴĶ۷徳磬֮Щȫʥģλ̫ӣôȥӦ


1308 еǿߣ
Ʒ磬νһƷһ죬һƷ֮ľ֮𣬻֮ӷƷΪһƷ۷徳ǿ֮䣬˶ľ룬žǸСѧҲ
ǣڵĳӷ粻ҪƷľսһ۷徳ǿߣҪ֮ЩʥǿߣҷųԣҪսǿһɡ
ò˵ӷյĿʵ̫һ㣬ʱ۷֮սҪѽգӷҲ˵Ĵ󻰣⣬û԰յ¾Բĳӷ磬һ𣬻Ϊ飬ѾĳӷŴңʼͿˡ
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һվῴƵıȳӷӣһķװǳŹ塣
ǡ
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ӷ粻æ۷徳Σǿǿʥ۷徳磬ǰҪܴԼѽУһжǿ̸
غӷı߶ûѾŭˣӷȴֳһΪǵӣʱ¶мЦݡ
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Ļ̫ûģ׼𡣡
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е˼飬Լ̧ŵģԼţȴ̧ģԼ壬ȴһߣ·壬ѾԼˣǱʲôˣʲôסƵġ
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ӷ磬ʲô
ǾϼһӾɡ
ӷϵЦѾΪһֹϵľһָҲѾָֹֹͣͣһ̣ӷʬ

ֻ֮һҽ漴ֽţȫ룬ͷҲѾ뿪Ĳӣ˵ϡ
һĻ̫Ѫ̫𣿲һ㶼ΪԸЩһбҪǿɱһһɱǾԵ׬һ
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ӷģʹߣȻʹߣֻ˭أѵ಻಻ӦھǱѽѵһ಻֮⣬ңں
ӷЦһ˵۷徳磬ҲˡһǲǸʥˡº㿴ϣ
ºղһĻԭҪսӷģȫʧˣ֪ڰǿ߰ӷ磬ǿߣԼֵסģӷ֮ǵжԹϵʱ򣬲Ϊκ£ðκգ
ֶ̫ιȻ²Ѿˣе֪֮ĺá
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1309 
νǹ׶㣬ѷ֮⳯ϣȻԿӷ磬˼壬ԽκһˣһܣҪʲôʲôҪԻˣӿµǣʩչ֮ˣԶڰУκ˷֣͵ϮԴУΪһ֣ҲǼΪ̵ģںڰԴ
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Ǳʬ꣬ɵĿһۺӾʮʲôڰаӷ磿
ϸںڵļϸ
û뵽ϸصĻͦģô궼δκ˷֡Ӿʮû˸Ҷˣ˭ϣ
飬ҡǰǱߣǱߵѾʼˣ뱣סүүĻͳڡ
˵ͷǱߣȷѾʼˣʺȥôãҵЩϲ£Ѿ˵ˣѾһ״ˣǺһҡ
˶ûԼߣ뿪˻ʹٳǱ߳ȥ˿ĵ飬Ҳһ֮䣬˫ͽ֮أ
֮ϣӷһЦԺˣ˵̫ڲòǣһȺûõķֻһ˶ѣȻûһҶˡʵҲеʶվǱ̫ӣɾҪǵĹظˡ
صģȻǵ򣬺Ӿ㣬ͬ⡣
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תͷȥֻƽۣ֮Ϊʮӣ˵£˳
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Ӿ㶼ԼĶӣԼûõĶӣȻıԼĻλֱЦǳӷ˵˵

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Ϊʲô⼸ɲΪʲôҪ
Ϊʲô㻹˼ΪʲôӾ㣬ȻѾˣҲҪȥԸӷˣλ£ҵĿġ
˶٣ӾʮӣӾʮͳ϶쾳磬죬Ҫĳڳˣڱһս


1310 һ
嫾֮У֧Ѿ˵ľӣڵȴֻҪӾǱһ£ߣͻ̵㽫ʢӡ
νǧˣһʱľȫ֪ÿΪģҪӦ֮ڵ壬ӲҪԻ֮Ĳ֪ǵΪ˶Ըң׼
죬еľ˶Ѿ׶˽˵ҷ棬ϾҪˣֻҪǱһ⣬ԼߵĴ̳
ԭ˵ܺıǿԳңٻǻηģΪеıʿ첻ʲôӾ㻹صһʥּʥּݣ͸δµǵʥּһġ
Щʿһ˵εļƻʼʺӾްҹƵģҲûʲôõĵˣһսʮ㣬ֻεĻʵ۱һˡ
ɸͲҲ˵ڳ֮ǰӪ֮Уȷ顣
еľӣȫۼΪ׵Ӫ֮⣬Ӫ֮⣬˫ɳԶһһ䣬Ȩȫֳֳָ죬׵Ľ죬ҲֳԴ󵶣ŷ˫ɳԶ
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ߣôĿ϶쾳磬ЩСܶġǰΪҵˣЩ¶Ҳδǵ˿ǣȴΪŮ˵ļ仰νԣѵǾͲ𣿡
軭֮˵죬ɲΪʺݣӲΪҵˣǡ
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಻ҵǸѾ𣿡
ڸ˵ʲôûˣȥáʼʱµļƻѾɹҪֹʮӸ֮һս̷ʢӣˣҷĻᣬʼʱ£ҲһģǸʱǷ壬ͳˣ
ѾͿĲˣӾʮƻôõĴ£ȻԼүү˵ǳΪ˳ӷӣʵ޷ܡӾʮǵǿߣΪ˳ӷӣǳӷ磬ֿµһôĵز
ҪԸӷ磬ɵ󣬳ӷʣȴ˺һǸЦ
Ҳܲôˣŷ˫Ǳ߷ȥ


1311 ɱΧ
˿̵ĳӷѾȥȻӾʮվĿģΪԼֻΪĻλԼΪҪû£ſϷͦõ
˵ǾҳѽΪ˺Ӿ޻ңԼҲϧһԵǿվʱһȫͷڹꡣ
ҲܹЩνĴ󳼣ǰλϾ϶쾳ǿߣӾһ֮⣬˭֮⣡˵ˣ϶쾳ǿߣǺӾ޻Ҳ˵ǻڲ⣬ԼЩνĴ󳼣Ӧվ˵ɡ
Լ޷ʱϲԼҸָĽڣЩڣ֤֤ܵ
ҵļҲǺӾĶӣͿӾʮҰֲ˳ۣƽҲǲӾɫ񣬺Ӿʮҡһ䣬Ϊһ϶쾳ǿߣЩʥ۷徳ǿ߶վȻһҲҶ
ܶʱһЩ۵ˣǴҶ󲻵ˣܻΪؼʱվվˣҲǸ෴֤ǵĲ֪ߵغ
ڻ֮УͲȺӾվͼһվ˳
ʮҲ̫˰ɣȻҡ

Сģ
ĵ˵ʲôֻӾʮڣһɲǿֱ
Ӿ㷴ӦǱȽϿģô˵ΪӾʮͬһ𣬷֮ϣһ֮⣬û˿ԸӾʮ֡
顣
Ӿһֽƽˣ˿̣Ըӣԡ
ãһʮӡû뵽޴ӽֱָ߽ݣ㲻жıԾãҪ췴
ϼһң治һĺѽǵҵĸ˰ɣɾˣķǳĸɾҲ޷ĨǷõʹĸ֮ǰҲҪԸĻ粻֪ĸҹûˡ
ѽΪͬĳǿߣһһһûУһͿʱȡЩӾʮûΪģǰԸ֮⣬ţҪһ٣¡
ʮʲôӣӦúΪҺӾ޻λҲһݡȻѾչֳʵھͿԷΪ̫ӣֻҪԸ޳ɾͰҵ
Цʵ̫ЦˡϼһҵΪһΪʲôҪ㡣˵ˣʼʱ¸Ͳں˭λӣֻҪˣʱҲһҵģȻˣǽ죬Ҿ͸顣
Ӿʮеָ߽߳˺Ӿ㡣
⸸֮䣬ʵ£һ˶кùӳԣڳӷ磬ȴǴѽ
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Ӿһ⻰˷˫ߣʵ˵ǲģ
£ʼʱǱߵļƻѾɹˡڣܸʮӶ֣Ϊʮӣܵ˼˵İڲǸ֮ìܵġ
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Ǳ
ʺҲѾ˽
ʺô㣿
ʺûӾ㣬ԺӾʮ˵ʮ㻹ʲôλǰ϶֣ɱ˺Ӿ㣬Ϊĸףֻһ
˫ǰʮӣе飬ϷѾ֪ˡǧҪϵ
ϵطô꣬Ϊľǽ죬һʲô
ѵ㻹֪軭ǳҰҺļϸϣΪǸ֮䷴Ŀ軭֮⣬಻ҲûѾǱ߸ĴңһֵĽʿȫͶңӲҪȡλĻǾ͵ڰ˳һѣΪңǳҵˡ
˵ʲô
Ӿʮ򲻸ԼĶ䣬ʺһôˣЩҲֻлʺ󣬶ãĵĺãԼһΪҲ˻ʺԼܻǳҵˡ
Ȼ֮ǰʺȷҪӾʮģڣеһУѾͬˡ
Ϸûƭ㣬಻Ѿ˳֮ˣװģΪҲѾ϶ڶľ磬ǸӲֵĻ£ӷҪˡ
ʺ˵ʮϼһ˵϶֣Ϊĸֻع
Ӿʮڶ֪˭ˣҪȡλ棬ǵˣҲ棬ΪһλóӷˣĻʼʱԼҲ·һ
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ʮˣ֮н죬ȫǱģûбûĽ졣ң⼸Ҳǽ㵱ӿ㣬ѵо𡣡
ӾʮΪѣ֪˭棬˭Ǽ٣Լĸ׵ĹԼһҪֻ
Ӿ㣬ɡ
ʮӡ쿴಻ˣ
תȥֻһӰ˽˳ӷǰ˵಻ܼ̫ӡ
ӷ಻˵үӲض񡣡
̫ӣǱѾˣǱϻȥ
ãǾ鷳үӣɱһѪ·ˡ

಻ʱ֣ǲӷܵκε˺͹ܲκˡ
ʮӣڿ˰ɣһֱ㶼ǱŮãѵڣ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
Ӿʮɫ䣬е߽߳Ѿת˻ʺŭԭ⼸һֱƭңң
ʮ㲻ҪǳҵĲ£ҶǷĸ֮ġǲ̨ܵģֻҪվߣǾƴҲᱣȫġ
֮⣬ңǲˣ
⡭
ǵģӷ磬Ҫɱ
಻˳ӷǰ̫ɱȥϷϺ󡣡
ãүԼˡ


1312 벻İ
軭ô㣬һеļƻȫ㣬û뵽ȻңҵӣѵҺӾʮôױڲ𣿡
ӾʮŭɱѾʺ軭ʱܽɱ
ӾӾʮԻʺĳƺʵʮղŽʲô
ҶС㣬軭
ⲻܣ޵Ȣģǡ
Ӿ㣬ףΪʲôҪ˰ɣΪ㣬ҽŻģΪӾ޻ңʹҸװô꣬ѵҷ㣬Ҫ𡣡
軭ǰ棬һֱڵȴᣬΪĽ㱨𣬿ɺ䣬ȴǼ٣Ϊ಻װһ£Ҳڲ֮ǰ֪ġ
ԭˣ㣬Ͳ޵ӣңԤıġ
Ȼ鶼Ѿչһǻ˵ʲôǸӶˣȻܳΪжԣڣͶְɡ
軭ȫϾޣʥƷľ磬϶쾳ǿߣģǰһСƿ˳ƿһЩˮȥ
ɣѾе׼
ɱյŮˡ
Ӿûȥ׷ɱӷ磬ҪɱԼͬʮӡ
ӾʮӾһȭѾ軭軭ȴվԭأһҲղҲһ̣ȫʧΡ
Ӿʮ軭ٶ˵ļƻѾʧܣڣѽгӷڳ˭Ὣעȫڳӷһ˵ϣֻҪ軭һᣬǾǺӾ㣬ҲԴΪأԲӲ軭ɱֵġ
ܣȴҪúӾʮȻһЩ꣬軭ôԼģǷݸ飬ʵģӾʮԸо
顣
Ӿ벻ʱ򣬺ӾʮȻҪֹԼԼɱ軭
ʮѵͿ𣿡
ҲͿףΪʲôҪˡɼʣλҿԲˣֻҪҪһᾡһԸҵġǣŹ
ŹǸӷĿѵ޻ܷŹ𡣡
Ҫ㷴ĿңûҲġң⼸Ļʹ֮ڣֻĶҺõģҲӲҪɱĻȻҲֹ㣬ȴᷴӷ磬ص硣ʣӦúǳ£ʼʱµļƻҲѾɹˣ˭ܱ֤ӷص֮󣬳ҲٴǿҺ
Ӿʮ˵ģȫģӷص磬Ҳû˿Ա֤һ᲻ᷢʲô䶯Ӿ㣬ðա
ʮְɣѾ˾綾ǻ˵ģҲõοˡ
ҪҲֹ㣬ǣҲκУԼ֮⡣
˵꣬ӾʮԺӾ㣬ʵĻͲҪҰӷˣһ಻ҵʥʹߣѵЩһס𡣡
ʥ۷徳ǿȻκεвӲܰӷѵġǣһ϶쾳ĳǿߣѾ˵ڶĳǿߣ¼ϺӾ޸Ӷˣδܽ
Ӿ̾˿˵ã޾ͷŹɡʮȻ֪ʵǽԸңҺĵһ󽫣˳֮λ޻ύġ
Ӿ㲻Ϊղŵ飬ҪɱӾʮ෴ȻӾʮΪѾ϶ľ磬Ȼһλλļ̳ˣӾ޼һУҲͺӾʮһ϶쾳ĳǿˣҲڶˣӾȻҲҪΪԼĽ㣬ԼܸʼʱһôõģԼΪҲܵ϶۷徳磡
಻֮£ӷʹߣѾɱ˻ʹ
ڻʹſڣѾۼǧǿߣȴˣӷ˸ɱֹ̾ͣ˽Ų
ǧǿߣΪȫʥ磬ǿģʥ۷壬ģҲʥƷľ硣
ҪǿӪ֮ѣǲܵģ಻̼䣬ȫɱֻҪеĳһһץ׼ᣬһʱӷ磬ӷԶܻȥˡ
ʹߣ㱣̫ɱȥϺ󡣡
ãԼСһ㡣
У֮ǰ˵һ˸ģֻҪһܻȥǾлᣬȫһУȫˡ
̫ӡ
ÿǣɱȥص򣬿嵽׷ʲô£ȵ¾ȣڶʱ֮ȲˣǾҪģҪңֻҪҳһ첻׵£ͲҶҷֺ
䣬ӷ罫Ʒȫ˳ֱѪʿѵģɷһ룬ԼĻǱ߱ͳ£ԼֱΪʿ˵˺֮ɱص򣬽ԼҲˣԣʿ֣ܳԼ޷ʿ֮ǰԲ֣ܳҲС
ӷ磬ܣ²̫ܰɡ
Ӱ˳ӷʹǰӾ޸ͬʱ׷˳ӣһҲܲˣ
಻ûи˫ǲϣںӾ޸ӳ֮̾ͳɱ˳˳ӷǰ
ֻҪϷڣ˭Ҳ붯̫һͷ
಻Ϊ˵ڶ죬һǿߣк嫴ڣЩˣͲֵܵסһ֮ҪúӲǳۣɡ
ûʵ̫ˣһ϶쾳ĳǿӦڶʱڣҲܽɱ⡣
಻ʿ첻֮ɱ
Ӿ㣬Ϸںô꣬ѵΪϷֶ𣿡
Ŷѵ㻹кС
УȻУȻΪ֮ǰ˭ڰа̫ӵġ
Ӿɫһ䣬ѽղŵ˭ڰӷ磬಻Ҳ軭ǣӦ಻ˡ
ͻȻΧʮǿߣȫ޷סԼˣգ֮䣬ǵ壬ȫķѡ
ҽûУֻΧصֽиͷ­
ǸղŰӷ֮ˡ޹
಻ЦѾͷȻλʵ۱ͳɡ
ӷ֣˵û뵽ѽҽ֮ˣȻүڰġ
ৣৡ
ʮӰȫ˳ӷΧʱӷΧ
ͽݼʦݼ̫ү
ģȻǻ꣡
ӾʮɫǱ֮ǰѿˣŻ꣬ʵô㣿Ҳǳҵˣ
Ҵûȥ磬Ҳǳҵˡ಻ʦ
ʦ
£ӾʮӾ㳹סˣΪʮŮ˳֮ΧֳɱһȺŮˣͷģ¥ӣ
Щ¥ŮӣȻȫ಻ˣûĵ嫳¥Ȼ಻֮أЩװһֱ¥˵¥಻ģˣǻﻹӣȫ಻ڰġ
һ಻ġƾЩŮˣʲôã
ŮˣȻ˶áʵ۱֮ˣҲ̫ү֪ʲôо
˵ʲô
಻󺰵̫үͽˡ


1313 ʮĸ·
̫࣬ҲǺӾŵĹ֮ˣû뵽಻Ȼг֡
һУӾһǳױˣһӰڳӷǰʱӾ㶼Լ˫ۣǰ̫ͷһˣһԼϰūȻҲԼ
Ϊʲô⾿ΪʲôΪʲôԼӱԼԼĶӱԼԼˣҲǳҵˣڣԼε̫࣬Ҫӷ磬һУΪʲô
˵಻ǳҵˣӾ㻹ԽϾңڼʮǰġɼȴǸӾʶϰѽǸʱ򣬿ɻûгʣôܻǳҵˣǳϼ˾ѾԼİɣ
಻¶˵Цݣӷ磬벻һ¥˵㣬಻⼸ʮڰ֮ǰǻ꣬Կӷģӷ統ʱȻ֪˰Լȴ벻ǻ꣬Լ¥һ֧ӣȫԼҵˡ
ڣһ֣ӷɾˣ̫࣬ô಻ģ಻ܸʲôߣԼңܸʲô
˿̣ӷ粻ԣҪģ뿪صȥʲô˰ԼЩѾҪˡ
ӾŭΪҪޣ
⣬ҲûЦݣֻ˵£ūҲǷּ£գˡ
ּ˭ּ֮ڣ˵Ļʵ֮⣬˭ּ
ںӾ㿴⻰ָģǳҵּ⣬ҲҪôˣȻұԼǾҪñԼҪĴۡ
죬һҲţӷڡˣɱ
˫ֹ£˿ɱɳӷ磬ʱɱ
޲ЩһҲŹ֡
಻̫ү뿪ͽˡ
šֱˣūʹһɵġ
תԳӷ˵̫ӣū߰ɡ
ӷ˵ͷҲԥȻ಻ŵˣԼҲҪκεĻɵģ˵ڳ֮⣬ͲκεĻɣһɻ󣬾עɢ
ʹߣǱңȥүӡססǵ
ǣ̫ӡߣͽˡ
óӷˡʮ಻ޣɱӷ硣
ǣϾȥ
ڻʹ֮ڣ軭һĻѾ಻ӿȥӷ磬ȴڴ̫ı֮£ػʹ
˭ĵȻӷ緵ػʹ֮ڣѵڻʹ֮ڣ뿪·𣿾УҲѾΪˣ˭ˣĿǰ֪ȻİңȻҲʹ֮ڣóһ·
軭żӷҲڴ˿ֹͣ
û뵽Ҳǳҵˡ
ʹˣūǳҵˣūԶǺ֮ˡ
ΪʲôҪ
ּ¡
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ӷ˵㣬һӾʮȴΪĿǰˡǰҶɱ㣬ȻѾо綾ɡ
˵գӷԼ˵ϴ뿪Ҫһص磬ҳҷʱ򡣡
Ǳ߻֪ʲô£ӷҲ֪ԼĸѾ˺ռ䣬ԼүүҲѾʯԼӣΪ˳еҴΣһҹ֮ϣԼЩֵܽãԼЩѣ׼һս
ӷ磬ܡ
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軭˵ͷڳӷʹ軭Ӿʮǰһ˵Ҫ׷ˣ׷ȥҲûġ
Ѿһˣѵ㻹Ҫ𣿡
Ϊáʮɣӷ磬㲻ɱ
ҲܣӷһҪ
ȻѶɱӷ磬ҲͲˡʮסһֱҶǽ㵱ӿֻϧÿһ˶ÿһ˵ͬעûĸӣĻϣܳΪĸӡ
軭ǣѾ˺ɫѪҺˣҲѾȥţȥеĴսȥ
ҪҲҪڴս֮УΪ֮ŮΪ嫻ʺ顣
Ӿʮת軭һһȹأ˫ֱȭлĸĽ̵֮ڴΪˣԸһ·ߺáĻԸĶӣĶӣТ˳һ
軭ߵս֮УӾ಻֮䣬ȥһӣǽˣϣһӣҪȨļ壬ӲҪȨκεĹϵ
ңһУ޹ˣ˭ʤ˭ܣ˭˭޹ˡ
ףŮТһ
಻Ӿͬʱأŵڵϵ軭ˣȴ治ɫĲ
Ů˰ߵһʱԼĸףԼɷȴԼ࿴⣬Ϊʹ֮£ڣһУѾҪˣ


1314 
಻¥Ůˣڻʹ֮⣬ս嫴вϵľӣɱӣ಻ǰЩϲûסѾҵ
಻ȥɲǰ취һú嫴γƣԼ£ǳӷǱߣҲǶסģһϾޣңӾʮҲѾ׷˹ȥ಻Ϊҵˣһӷλ̫үܵκ˺ҲͲûصˡ
̴꣬¥ˣɱʹ̫ү
ǣʦԼСһ㡣
ùϷ̫үΪء
಻һҲܲˡ϶ڶ컹ǵ죬ޣҪͳͳɱ⡣
ӾҲǻȥˣȥλʼʱµƱҪɱӷ졣
󡭡𡣡
Ӿ˫ָ߸߾ٹͷΧеȫɢ˿ʹ֮⣬γһ޴ƣ
ڴ¿Ŀ嫴γɵƣΪĸ̬һΪΪΪΪꡣ̬γɣǺ˵Ǻ嫴Ϊǿ󷨣ΪΪɱ
׻ȸ䡣Ӿ㣬ȴ󣬱Ըҳҵģû뵽죬Ϊɱ̫үȻǰˣӣǲ뷢ʢӣ
ȻʼʱǱߵļƻѾɹǵҺ嫴ﶫʢӣҲҪô˵ȴˡǣһӷӻ˵磬Ǻ޿ɳе𡣡
ȻˣͷɣѵϷ϶ڶĳ磬ںôһСС𡣡
ɱ಻κδۡ
ʹߣ֧Ԯ̫үǱߣﲻǹˡ
ʹ໥һۣ嫴Ȼǿ󣬵಻ΪҲǿӦģԼˣһڴ֮ڣǾͲˣӷǱ߾һһԼҵˣӾʮʵޱۺʹ߲ðգ಻ӷ磬Ҳ¡
үӣͽˣ̵֧Ԯ̫Ǳߡ
ʹ֮ڣųӷûȥʹطǷص˺嫳֮ϡ
֮ǰʬĶ壬ӷһ룬һӣŸر
Ϊʲô
ӷе֣ڻʹ֮г··Ҳطѽڸʲô
̫Ӳõģʼʱаš
ʼʣʲô˼
ӷеͿˣ㲻еʼʣǺӾްҹǽδɵģӾ֪ʼʣǽδǸٵĺӾްҹ
ūͳ˵ɡūǳҵˣú֮ڼʮǰūһҲҵһʼʱʥּʥּдڽ죬̫ӽҺҽҵʥּ֮ˣʲôԼҲҪ̫뿪ңʼʱʥּϻд⳯ñ֮һ·㣬ūҲʽˣſ϶ʥּ١
ӷˣԭӾްҹδһԤ֪δ֪δôһףҲ׼ڼֻںһӾ㣬򣬾кӾްҹʥּҲ𲻵κõġ
Ȼū֪ʼʱΪʲôд˰ţһ湥ʢӣһҪ˾ȳ̫뿪Ȼʼʱµּ⣬ūͱҪӡ
ӷ˵ͷ˵ˣͶлˡ
̫Ϊʼʱµּ⣬Ҫū̫ӷصġ
ʲô˼
̫ӲҪᣬ磬̫ǻزȥˣܿҲܻŽ硣ūܵϢۣѾ˺ռ䣬ûһδ򿪺ռ֮ŵĻԶܻص⣬ԶɽҲѾ˳ռ󣬾󣬽˭Ҳȥ˭Ҳڵĳ˵ֻǷܽκεĽˡ
˵ʲôҰʲôռ䣿
Ǻռ䣬㣬ūûʱ̫ӽˣٲ٣ˡ
ô飬Լĸ׸үүȫʧˣѹֺ߸Ҷ֡
ӷڵķǳңһʱ䲻ǺãزȥԼָúȥδӡ
̫Ӳõģʼʱţūͳ̫ȥ֮һ磬Ǹ磬ǳ̫Ӷɽ֮ءң̫гѪʿֵõʼʱµİҹһ죬ɱػġֻǸʱūѾˡ
ӾްҹڸʲôãԼȥ֮磬ʲô˼Լص𣡺ռ䣬һôĴڣԼĸףĻز
顭
ȳӷ룬ôţը˿Ӿʮ˽
ӷ磬Ѿ·ˣɡ
̫ӣϿߣʮӽūӦ
ӷ类˱ڣȴǳӷ嫣֮ʱǳҵ̨ӷ֮
ԱߵһͷϣֻǱٵʧڱʧ֮һš
Ӿʮɫһ䣬󣡼ӷܣ㡣
̫ӣܣūװ˷ʼʱµһƬģ


1315 ӷܣ
治֪ӾްҹһƬĻǱģҸǵжԣ˳ô꣬ҲֻǱϵģʵϸûҲΪɻ˳Ѫǿһֱ뽫Ҹ𣡾һδаĻŮʵĽɫΪӾӾްҹҲ˫ֽԼҵĽɽ͸˰ɡ
ڣʵӾްҹʲôĵʱ򣬴ţǰ⴫͵ĵطҲǻ֮ڣѾ˻ķΧû֪һ⴫󣬻ᱻ͵ʲôطȥ
ңѾһ֪Ŀռ䣬ү˳ҵռʯȻгҵռţ˭ܱ֤ܶãһƣˣԽ
ӷ֪Լ˴ĻǾ͵ڽԼߵˣȫ˵ˣԼܷ񷵻ػص򣬶Ǹδ֪ˣԣӷˣҲԲܽ봫󣬱͵һİİȥ
ܻǺӾʮĶ֣ʥ۷徳Ϊ϶쾳ĳǿߣ֮𣬺ӾʮֻҪһ֣ܽɱʵҲˡ
ȼһ£ӾʮѾ˼ǰһֻ֣ס˼Ĳӣݺ˵̫࣬ӦµˣôãҲǱˡ
ɱΪ˳ӷ磬ǺӾʮͿ˳ˣ˵Ǹޣ겻ΪںӾǰ˵ʲôб𣬲ܽԼĸ״ʹĻԼĸҲڽͷ
Ӿʮ»λ֮ٽʬģȻڣӷ磬ԼɱͲҪȼ̳лλˡ
ֻĲǵһ죬Ӿʮ֮죬֮ݶӷлȥֹڳӷ練Ӧһ̣ĲӾѾӾʮˣ˵ڵϣɼ˫ۣȴڿųӷ磬УҲԿڽгӷϿ봫ˡ
ӷ磬Ѿû˿԰ˣû˿ԾˡȻҲ֪ΪʲôΪˣȻվߣҲȥںĸоˡ㣬ضҪ
϶쾳ǿô˵һӾʮǳĸŮ洣ӷ統ʱǵʱҲû˿η塣
ƾ㣬ɱ˱̫𣿡
˵ˣǵʵɱġҲŸˣʲôΪڲ˵ʲôҶˡɡ
̫ү
ʹг˽ͬʱ˳ӷǰӷ˺ӾʮһƣһƵĺȻ
ʹ߸һ˵ϣ˫Ҳǿųӷ磬˼˵̫ӣܣ
Ӿʮɱ̫ӵˣ
ɱǣһҪɱ㡣
̫ү
಻Ӿͬʱ˽Ǳߴ߽ģΪ಻һҪȳӷĻӾĻ಻Ķ֣Ѿ಻ɱˡ
಻ӷǰӾʮ˫һԣǿӷ𿪣ӾʮȻҲܣĿѪ
̫ӣｻϷˣϽ봫󡣡
УһߣҲزˡ
̫үɽڣûѽүӸ£Ѿˣڷص磬Ҳ𲻵κεˣҸطһܣպģһս
಻˵ûӷڻصʲôã۸ԶɽѾˣƾӷһ֮ϳеʵֵܵס嫴ʣ˭ֵܵסδʿУһѣҪɱģͲǽδˣˡߣδҲʿƽʿΪ֮ߣӷǲ֪ҲѾԽ϶쾳磬Ҫôѽ
ֻһ취óҷΪʤóӷǾһʱ֮һգڻ֮⣬취ɽ
ЩӷĵҲģΪҵԲΣܵʣȻѾϵ˻ôһ죬ˣ׼ˣѵķˣͿʼ
ҲߣΪˣҲߡ
̫үӷ磬ҪߣΪˣҪߡҪסǳΨһϣ㶼ˣպ˭ȥӭӱ¹˭ܾүԣΪˣΪǳңҪţҪţҪӮڣͱҪ䣬Ҫߡ
಻λ̫ӵ¶ˣ㻹ϻʲôɡ
಻ڼͬȹϣһץס˳ӷļһָֻŵڵϵʹߣ˵ӷ磬һɣѵˣʹ߰װΪˡڣ棬¥ҪˣȫŮˣԭŴõ꣬ΪʲôΪʲôôΪʲôһУΪ㲻ܹˣ㣬ߡ
ӷ˫Ȳ˼ѽÿһˣΪԼģԼҪΪ˱𣬱˺ɱδһˣҪʲôʱܻѽ
Ļȳӷ룬ӾʮѾ˹಻Ҳûȥ赲ӾʮѾӾˡ
ӷ磬ȥɡ
ã
ӷŷӦû뵽Ӿ޵߽߳Ѿ̴Լš
ǰĺӾʮӷֻоĴʹѪѾء
źӾʮ߽߳˳ӷţӷ˼һֻ֣İסԼ˿ڣһһ˳ӷţͬʱҲ˳ӷࡣ
̫ӣӾʮϷҪ
಻Ķޣɡ
̫ӣߣٲߣҪˡ
ûˣȡ׼
ӾʮԲֻһڶӷĲӿ˹ȥ
һͲӷ磬ֻӷڣһǿҵⱬӾʮˣ
ⲻܣǿ
ӷԼסˣԼ඼̴ˣѾԼˣԼҪһ̣ڣһϤĸоͻȻ֡
ǡ
񷶦
ûǲ񷶦ĸоǴӲ񷶦ͷųģȴȴǲ񷶦
⵽ʲôΪʲôᡭ
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ӷ磬ҺڲǷʱԪѾˣһС涼ģʱ̣ҲȲˡ
̣Ϊʲô֣ڲ񷶦֮𣬲񷶦Ѿӡ𣡡
һԪ֮汦ս׵ͻһӡܳġ
һԪ񣬻̣
ӷ磬ʲôҲ˵ˣΪˣѾˣټ̵һԪֵ֮һᣬɲҪ̣Ҳװˡ
Цѻ䣬ǿĻ棬ӳӷڳֱӾʮ
ʲôⲻܣ
಻һϾ뵽ʲô
֮ѵϷˣ
ЦѵӣԻγɣ಻ߣΪ汦ս׵ЦһԪ֮ǿޱȣ˵ֱӾ͵϶ľ磬ȴά̫ãӣͻʧЦѣҲȥ
ӷ󺰵̣ܣ
ˣѾ޷ˣ
ӷ磬Ͻ봫󣬲㱻͵ʲôطֻҪ㻹ţֻҪ㻹٣ͿԾסҵδȫһˡߡ
Ҳ
಻鷳㣬ӷ봫ңۿҵƽ뿪
಻ںʮˣҲ˵үȢ֮£
֪ǰλϷˣ಻Ȼǣ̫뿪
¡
ֱӳųӷ磬ӷ壬ֱӳŵȥ
óӷˡʮ
ǡ
һУѾˡ
ӷۿԼЦԼǰʧĺ嫴ҲѾ˽಻һ֮ս嫴ôĽӷ粻֪ΪӷѾ˴ţǰһУȫΪ˵γɣˣΪһǣңԶԵ˹ȥ
һģһΪȥ˱ġ̣ģӷ磬Ṽƴ֮һ֮գǺ֮ʱүү֣裬̣Сѣǵңңһġ
еһУľʧ𣬳ӷ类ͽ˴ţ͵ʲôطʲôʱܻ棬ңԼң˵δôտ񡷵ۣɽ𡱡


1316 ˵ĵȴ
ҷɴ۶ʢӣȫ߿ǰ嫴ģǺӾ㣬ǺӾʮڳӷ봫󣬺ӾʽӾʮΪ̫ӣ嫴붫ʢӣӾԼ
̫ӣѾˡǰһӦʼʱµˡ
˫Ӿʮ㱨Ӿʮ̬ȣǺ˷ܣ֮ǰһսӷˣԼֽɱˣ಻֮಻ڻս֮Уɱһ·ڣûҵӰ
Ͼ϶ڶǿߣҪɱ֮ǿɲеǰ򵥣ǺӾ޸֣Ҳ಻¡
ڣӾʮ嫴ʢӣҲȥ֮ǰˣڵ緽Ѿȫ˷״̬ҵռҲѾܷ磬ѾԼˣһУҪʼʱµ
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ʼʱ£嫴Ѿˣ嫴ģǺӾ㡣
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š֪ǺӾʮһںСӣеһսֵĲӾ㣬ѾΪ̫ӣӵǱҽõȷ󽫡
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⻰δֻ˵û˵ڡ
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δҲܲôˣӷǱʵ̫һɽԼ벻鷳ԼİǷ棬͵պ˵ɡ
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Ϊʱһ󣬳ӷ봫󣬴ͱ಻ˣǸͲ֪ӷ类͵ʲôطԡ
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š£Ůȥ졣ں嫴һȥһУӾʮ֪ͨ㸸ףֻȳռһƣͿԵһʱɱ磬Ҹˡ
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δܿ㴫˺ͬʱҲѾʢӣڵĹȥ
δҪԺѹס磬ͬʱҲҪųӷ磬һӷˣҲܵһʱ佫
ǣ̵˿գͨһ޴ʯѾĴƲ㣬ڵϿգ¶˱ɽһǡ
ʲôƴţֳʲô˰ɡ

ʲô嫡嫴ˣ
Ǻ嫴Ѿ˵֮⡣
Ǩƹˣôӷ
Źùãӷ᲻ʲô£
ģӷһӷвǣǳ󡣼Ȼʲôû˵ֻ棬ɼӷѾ˺ںѾûܵǣƵĳˡҪģ˷֮⣬ǵȴȴӷһ첻̫á
̸ѱκ˶Ҫģӷ磬㵽ʲôطûΣյĻ͸ϿɣߣҪ㡣
һ䣬Ľ˫ۺᣬһı飬ʲôԼԼҲµ߰˷֣ӷ磬һǳʲô£
ӷ磬㲻µģһģ𣡡
žܲվ̨գʲôҲ֪ӷ磬ǳˣ
磬㵽ʲôطʲô˶ڵأɣˣ
ϾФվϾѧſڣ̧ͷʣУɵһʹ
ӷ磬㵽ȥˣΪʲôҸо⼸˶̫ԾǸйɱʲôѽǶڵأ


1317 Ǵ½
ãأ棻̣ķɱ֮ţʬۿɼ
ƬսҲϣĴ֮ϣѾҲĳˣ·أϡƽҰ޵ĺʱ޿̣ǵ飬ֵһпսȫΪƬ֮˵湤ߣ
֮ϣſŲͬɫһߣߣһΪ̫һΪ֮УƬƲʣƬز֪ʱչ
Ⱥɽ֮Уһխɽ֮ڣͷһǰһڿٵıţ޵ıϣһˣһӣһͲʮŮһһŮΪɫƤ֣϶ɫ·еǹװ
Сãһ㣬ˣɾˡ
ǰһ߼Ԧž޲ͣǰȥһ߻عͷŮ󺰵
Ѿٶˣֻħޣ֪ôûã·ܲʱͲӦ
ڲоħ޵ʱСǷֶӵѾʧˣ߿ɿϢΧھɽȣǱҪǵʵ֮ǰϵСˣ;ɽȡ
磬ο϶ڲ⣬Сǵ·߸й¶ˣȻİǵļһôڰ·ɱ
İǸǰභǧ꣬໥֮мڼҲʲôֵ£㣬λִ֪ˣֻΪԷǰѾһҶǣܻǰǵңԳλִϲŻô˼ƣЩϸ©ţȴϣϸû©ϢǸй¶ȥˣ
ӵĻúŮǲˬ˵Сļ̳ˣ˵ǰۣСһ壬ϾҲһѽλִôСȥðգ
СãЩȫͬģҪ֣͹û䣬Ѿǵˣļ嶼ҪԼ̳ˣΨûжλִҲǿǵ㣬Ż˰ŵġ
ѵŮ𡣳ʵ̫˵ɡ壬ǰǵĵһѽǰ֣϶쾳赲Ļ£ǰ͸ĳһ군ˣ
ͻСܶ飬޷ġҲǸ˵ЩʱСһѪˣãҲүүµôһҪƽСȻȥҲûȥˡĴֻ֮ҪܼʱϵС㣬ˣͲùˡ
㻹˵ôϻ磬쿴ǰǲС㣿
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һɽ֮ϣһѾǽƣͷɢŮӣֳֳƴɱطȴˣǣħޡ
İǣȻųħԸСǣʵйɵġ
ΪǺҹĹϵͿŮӵòǰϹıԾҪ֮ˡ
С㣬ҪţҲ
һתڷǰɽ֮ϵļͷħ޸ߡ
ɽ֮ϵŮȻתͷԮһԼǴʮҹϮİǵģû뵽Լİǣ·Ͼħ޵ĳɱʹԼʮˣڣֻʣԼһˣսѣҲԼȫΪ˱Լսˣ
֣áҽЩħɱİǣȡİ׼
С㣬ǵǰ˵Ѿ̷ǡ
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˵ɽΧЦ
Űǵһм˲һȻ鴫ѽأλһǰǾŴǿ֮һҹӰɣ
ɽۣ֮һÿһˣɫ·
һԷȻ쳹ɽȣңþòɢɼԸʵԼ֮ѽ
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깫ǺֻҵͿԲµңžǴ½֮ѽ
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ǼȻҪİǵһ׻Լ˵ңߡ
УҲܰһСãϴ뿪ס
磬ˡǽ㣬û°ɣ
ԣôҲˣ
С£壬ӲˣǿߣҲ͵
ڲ˵ЩʱСãȴ˳ɽȡ
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û뵽ҵһԳļ̳ˣջѽ
յ꣬ͻȻ֮У쳹Ǵ½
ʲô£
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ٳ쿴֮䣬ֳһǣ
ⲻܣôֵʮǣԣǲǣһšǣ
ٳǳ߳ˡ
ˣǣҪھɽ׹䣡
ˣҲѾҹеԼٶȳգ֮䣬ɽȻζһ죬һǣֱ׹ǲԶɽ֮ڣһ޴ӡ
ûᣬˡ
ã磬ǽ㣬ǳڣ˳ɽ˵
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˳׹֮طȥھʱһɵһ˵ǿǿУǲһˣ
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˵˵֮ˣܴȥйĹǽ˴ȥΪ𡣡
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ɽۣ֮һ˵ٳ쿴Ǻ׹֮һˡ
ˣôܻһˣôˣ챻ǸˣʱɾͰæˡ׷ɱһһ
ǣٳ


1318 
λھǴ½Ļѩ֮أ걻ѩţûлݣҲûľһȥǽһƬĳֽ˵ǣҲǴ½Ψһİɫشɡ
ֳֳɣȫڴѩɽۣ֮ѩɽ֮һ޴ıţУȴһɫĿʯɣû˿Ŵ֮ɫڵ磬ǣеδĳǳأ˵Ļǳ֮Уͷ·ξһ㡣
Ȼѩ֮УܵѩɽΧѩɽЩطû˴ڵģΪֻҪǲڰǵĳǳطΧ֮ڣͻӵиָħޣȫһЩǳ͵Ұħޣǳˣ໥֮䣬Ҳͬ൱ʳһħȺУǱضǾһĽԣǰǻǾǴ½ϵ˴еľ񣬶׵뿪ǳذ벽ħ޵Χ֮ˣǾԲģ
Ǵ½ϣ˵ǹŴУ˵ǾŴңÿһУһңǴ½ϵһÿһеλãҲϵľ֮λλģ֮λδκεĸı䣬죬ڰǵ֮ڣһͬĴ֮Уһͷߣվһž޴ˮǰ޴İɫˮڲͣתţİ׹⡣
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ȻҲкܶˣûлµģЩˣͨˣһͨˣǴ½ϣϣ෴ҲԼڵļֵǽУΪеĽףԣھǴ½ľŴУǲȥ۸ͨ˵ģһǿ£˵ɱͨˣǾͻܵǳĳͷһһǿǿ֮Ľһ˰ɣκ˶ôҲǾǴ½粻ͬĵط
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ںŮӱǳ⻰˵´󾪣´ңʲôϡ֮ʱƬ£ʹûкƽλͲСˣ
ʦò˵Цɡϵľ飬ûзκεĶѽôܻλ
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ûǰʱ䣬ȷ˵ʲô飬ģǻ֪죬λˣôػ߿ʲô˼´ңųһͳ½֮ϣŴУ໥ɱ˭Ҳ˭ôܻųͳһ
ʦֻǴ˵ˣǼ٣˭֪
ȻǴ˵Ǿͱضпɴ֮ңδ˵ڴ½˶ãû֪ҲԴ½ʼѾˣ治֪Ǻûǻѽ
Ů˼һ£˵ʦ£ҪҪ㱨
ʱãĿǰǵλòû̫ƶȹʱ䣬ҲָɡˣҸǰȥӦˣûϢ
ʱûУǿ߳һ룬Ҵ죬Ӧòµġ
ϴһȥӦǣһǳ˰֮⣬Ҫ̽ħȫǰȫǡ
ǣѧȥ죡
һתͼܽһʿʿóì˵곤ϣ깫ӸСѾˡ
ܺãϳǽӦǡ
ǣϡ
γȿһ߳˴ͬʱǾ޴ˮԶתɵתͷһֻˮϣһˣһ˫ۣǻ֮еˣͲ󣬴ԼʮңԵˣӦ˵꣬ȻǱұţ߳ģ
ô£ˮɴδֹѽǸ˭ΪʲôὫһİ˴س
ҵ֣հǵĹأˣǲýǵģ֮ˣ˭Ҳܽ˴һܵͷġ
֪أɻһİѵ鷳
УҪȳһֹǡ
ٶ룬̳˳ȥƹγɣһ˳ǣ


1319 ֮
Ѿڶǿߵڻ֮£ص˰⣬İǱߵǿҲ٣İǵٳǴ½ϳսթ֮һǶıε飬ڵļϸԤıģ˰һܽȫɱλ幫֮ɾҪܵӰˣ˻˵İ̫ɣǺܱɣʲôӦϣ·ɱĻԲñ˵ڣԣҪǽ֮ǰȫ
ǸİǣǾŴУΪУ˵Թ໥ɱδйκεֹͣİǻǰǣһǱԷץס˻ᣬŹģֻҪ˻δǣͲ֡
棬Ѿһ·ΧħҲˣȫ߳
ȥɲǰ취ôħޣԼɱǼҲѾû·ˡ
һңΪ赲ңȻеħޡˣҲ뽫֮⴫İǿߣ֮ͻۼ⣬Ǹʱ򣬶ҪǰǸΪƽء
źúǰĵʱ򣬾Բǰ׷ˣڵǿߣҲһõϢܣΧۼħٶҲǳ죬Լٲߣ϶أ
Ҳʹ˰ݣԼƵһУԲܴȥԼԣ֮ǰ˺ݻʮգҪۼİеǿߣǣһĴսЩеĶԹҽǸշ
ԵͷԸֶΣټʵҪ쵽ȷǲܵ飬ͼıѾһˣȻľ׼һУֻһʱͻ᳹׸ǿս
ʱܻûȴǺ˵˵֮ǰǾ仰Ƴİɡ
ҴЦ幫ӣҪҰһսĻǰȻʱӭԺǿ߹ЩƻԵİɡ
ȷεȷʧˣΪԼ㹻Ǹɵ浽Ҳǵֵסģ벻£һŴǣ˵ȫ̼ƻлܣ
ңҵţʮգʮգİٳ¡
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ɫӰৼȫǵĺ棬˰֮ڡ
˿˵ǣѾûˣϽǣȻħ޾Ҫۼˡ
ǵ˵ͷҪ𲽣ͼһŮˣǰ
ԼŮǸˣ˵ɩôˡ
ǳѧͬʱҲǳϱҲҵδޣŮˣǳۣԺ壬ҹ⣬ԿԹڣҲǿȶڰеĵλֻҪڰǣԶһġۣɼԲǸʡ͵ĵơ
˿̣Ů˵òѾ¶ţķǳÿǣǣҲǰڵĵһŮ˵ʵ֮ϡ
ԣǸǳкһŮҲǰеһŮԣΪ£Ƕ϶УĵػǺõģû̫֮¡
ŮȫֻϧΪû䣬ڣֻʣˣһǣһǵĵܵܣֻǣǸܵܣȴһСͲڴϣΪֲ˵Ŀ棬ǰڣǣҸԣп֮⣬˭ûǸжҲκˣһֲ˷ϡ
ˣȽ˵ɡ
ǣңǲѽ
ʲô˼ѵ﷢ʲô𣿡
ûκ£㱳ŵˣͻǴɱ֮
ѽһѣҲǵĹأ˭Ҳܴİ˽ǵģǵõִϵ
ҵǰ¸ˡɿλСֵܣǵľѽ
ˣǣ
˵ģȻȥ֮ͰɡҪүүȫǲźôλСֵܽǵġ
һ£˵ǻ治ܽе궪²ܣԼҲ¡
ǺãҽʦȵǼȥȽϰ˷Ǵ˸İ˽ǵġ
ãͽˡ
ֺǳһ˳ȴûԼӸŮԼѧԼϱǰˡ
أ
Ѿˡ˵ˣѾȥˡ
Ѿȥһ¡
ʦܵ˲أȥͺˡȥǱ߰ɣƽ֮£ĸϣҪǽˡ
Щϲģ֪ȥ۸һСѾͷڵֻʣһڶˣȴŹӲҪӰǳĹϽ֮ظϷֵ̫ǸˡȥտǣȥǱ߿ɲǼϼһ⡣
ãȥˡ


1320 еӷ
ǽϣҲŴֵ֮ģΪɽγȻͱȽϰڵǣΪҲΪΣǵһƽߣҪǵγǣֻߴӴγǵǣҪǣǣǱǸҪĴڣֻ֮סųǵе壬ǣȴǴű֮أԵǲΪҪһ
ڴγǣСģҲ˿ٵһ壬;סڴγ֮ڡ
ԭΪһ񽣣Ϊһ壬ʱĳҪɫ罣񳾹鳾ͽûˣǵһֻһ糤գ糤վǵĸףϧ糤һİǵĶսʹЩͣı⼸ѹѹγǲ˵ʱʱ鷳ҪҪǸһŮˣĵֵסǼĲδѹѽֻһ̣ΪѵĹϵñѰǣ壬ڵһͨͥûʲôֱˣ˻мأӣǿ֮⣬һС
֮Իû䵽ȵزûеϵĿ֦ɢҶ֮⣬һԭ򣬾Ǽʣһ񽣣񻰣ȻļʣϵĴѹ壬֪ǣѾǰǰˣû񽣵壬ʲôǡ
Ϊ˱ֵ͵Щʲô£Ƿǳ͵ģֻϧΪ޾ף֮ΪǵһŮҲǴ˺ܶ鷳
ãǵĵܵܣûܵκε˺һڴϽʮСӣҲκ˴κεв
ˣԶŵĹģǵĵܵ͸һˣûκε
ңôˣ
ֱңҲκ˸ϾĽ˽֪ˣҲȫǶ֪ģһûʲô˵ġ
ǵʵҲǺأֻЩƤ˰ˣϵҩһ¾ûʲôˡ
Ϊĵģİˣһ˱˷֣鷳ʹˣ⼸壬Ҳһʱ򳹵׽ڰʧǾͿԹϷֵʣ޼һˡ
СǸ̥ѽŶд̴ˣ
Ȼˣϰ˶ȥܱ˷֡
һû˵ءСӵ䱻д̴඼һӣû
ʲô㲻ڸҿЦɡ඼һӣôܻˡ
ʵԼȥ
ߵߣһڴϵ꣬ɵ´
ô£
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Ҳʣ˫һ󣬿˫ţȥˣ⣬Ͳˣ˵೤ģ
ǸղҲɵģСֵܿħ޻Ѿϸ壬һٷ֮ٵ࣬Բħ޻Ϊʲôģʵ벻ͨ
˵ǿСӵ࣬ǲеһѽ

ѽȷȷһ񣬸ǡ
СӴǰӹһ٣ֺһֻԵƵģǴ˰ǡ˵Сӣ᲻ǰʲôϵ
˵ǰУûҲû
֮ǰԼˮһĻֶ
ˮǰǵ֮Ź۲δֹղһĻѽ
ˮڣΪʲôСӣСΪʲô
𣬴½һֱǾ仰
䣬λػߣ´ңųһͳ
ѵСӣǴй𣿴ػߣ仰ֵʲô˼
ڴ˿̣ڴϵ꣬΢΢һ£֮ǰϢʮֵ΢ڣϢڽıǿ˿ڣҲԶϡ
ţȻ¡ϵ˿ڣôܻԶϣ
ԣҲɵۣ
΢΢˼֮˫ȭڣһĪֱӱ
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Сֵܵѽ
һ֮ˣȻԱǿǼ֮ϡСֵܣʲôˣ
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ڱ಻Ӳͽ˴󣬿ЦѵԪʧԼǰ֮󣬳ӷҲѾӾʮ˻˹ȥֱڣѵļ
ӷղԲģƷľ磬ҲԲӵǿԽˣȫˡ
ܿ죬ӷڵʧˣ·ʹûгֹƵģʧӰ١
ʧˣ
ûʧˣСӵڣѾκεˣǱһͨˡ
ӷ˫ۣ˿еģӷȴǷǳģԼģԼȫͬӷǸո۾¶ĹâԼʲôط˭ܸң
ʣȴʲڣΪڵĳӷ磬˵ûˣ
ǰǳСģ¸ղŵٴγ֡
ڿʱûзκεı仯ҲͷվڴʵιСֵܣ㵽ʲôˣΪʲô
⣬ӷش𣿻شˣʲôˣһʲôطжԶأʣҲʲѽ
˵ӣǻشˡȴðգҪ취ߡ
˵ǲ̫һ㣡ӣһ뿪˰ǣض·һġ
Ļʲô취ֽôԶסһ˷֣Ǽ鷳
˵СӴоǣǿɲܾȥҿɣס˺֮ǰ㡣
ǣȷҪѵ㲻£⼸֪£𣿡
ô˵Ҳҵľˣ壬ûҪ뿪ҲҪ˺֮󡣡
ðɣȻˣǾͰ˵Щ죬Ҳ̫ƽҪֵСģǲҪţ˵Ļɡ
ģ£Ǽ֪ǼҵˣҲ֪ġ
Ǻã͵˺֮취ǰɣ


1321 񷶦
˲֪ʱչתۼ䣬ӷǴ½ѾʮˣϵˣҲΪԶϵЧڵĳӷͲһܹ֮ˣڵΪӾʮһڶûеʹĳӷ粻ȥƸ
Щӷһֱסǵķ䣬ҲΪ˲κ˷֣Ҳ׼ӷ뿪һֻÿԷʱ䣬Ըӷͷ˹֮⣬˼û˵ģӷ絽Ϊֹ֪ԼںεأǣҲ֪ӷԺη
ĺӾʮҴѲǺجΡһ죬һȥģػȡԭҳҵ¡
ػ£˵ףȴϼѡ
ں϶쾳ǿߣڽδǱߣҲ⻹δڣԳӷĹƣǸδȻǻƽʿΪпܳԽ϶쾳磬ԣҪػ£ǳӷͱ뽫ԼΪ϶쾳磬Ҫ϶ľ磬򣬸Ͳ
ռ䣬ǵһôĴڣûүүôˣ
ӷ̾˿Ȼߵ˴ǰǱģҲΪ˲κ˷ֳӷĴڣҵˡ
һ϶ֻһǿҵ
ڳӷʱӷͻһĺ⣬ǿҵ⣬Ȼź⣬طӦǸ֮ء
ûãź⣬ͻȻ˱仯Ӻ䣬ıΪ˳ȡ
ӷȻһڵ
Ҳʱӷָоһǵص͸һĴ϶ӿ
ôܣǿ֮Դ
ӷ缸ɵۣǿ֮⣬ǻ֮ڵκһ磬ڵС棬ȥյĻͲܴôǿ֮ԴطͲҪȥС棬ҪԼȥգ֮Դ޴ڵӡ
⵽ʲôطǿ֮Դ޴ڣѵûдģ
ûд㣬ֻĽͣ˵Ϊʲôᴦӵǿ֮ܫΪֻûд赲֮£֮ԴŻԴԴϵӿҪȥκεķʱأԽӴ֮Դ
ĵط˵ӦǱصǿߣ˵Ŀһ㣬϶쾳ǿҲΪϾǲҪκη֮Դġ
ǣʵ֮ڵԴһģ϶쾳磬Ҳ֮٣Ǵ˵еĴڣһһ϶쾳ǿߣǾ͸ǰһܵʲôطıӡ
Ӧϰ֮Դɣ֮Դͬһ㣬һϤˣǾͻΪһϱ飬ö֮ϰ߳ΪһȻǾͲΪˣ֮ԴôǿǶ޷յڣΪá
ڳӷ˵ȱʲô֮ԴǰҪ񷶦ǿ֮ԴΪ֮ãҪðΣյġ
ط֮ԴѾʲôϡ֮ˣҪ٣ö٣֮£һԿ񷶦֮Դ񷶦֮ڣУ֪᲻ỹǰһᱻ֮Դɡ
ӷЩԼ뷨ˣϾ񷶦δӡҪ񷶦ǡ
ǡƽδķӡ
ѽƳӡЦѵʱôģǽ汦ս׵ƳһӡĻҲ˵δڲ񷶦ϵķӡѾѺۣǰԼԲƳķӡΪԼ˻ԼϣӡƳˡ
뵽⣬ӷȥоڲ񷶦Ĵڣ
òϣӷǺõ˷ָӷҲ֪Цѵѽ
񷶦ĳˣԼڣңǰӵˡԣӦ˵񷶦ͱԼڵĳһλǡԼࡣ
ôҵ࣬ô˲񷶦
ӷеƣԼ౻ӾʮһԼЦѵı£ûڣ񷶦ֱȡԼ࣬⵽ôһ£
ȳӷ룬ͻأڳӷüĴһɫС漴ǵ۹⣬˳ӷüĴüĴСԶ
񷶦Ȼˣ
ӷ´ϲҲܲ񷶦ǲ֮İ֮ˣܽ񷶦޴һΪԼõĻ϶쾳磬ͲԶˡ
žһӷˣֱʧ˷ڣͬʱŴ򿪣ǣŷ˽ڣȴѾӷӰˡ
ءãҪ¡
ǻΪӷȥˣһ˿һİˣԼ߳鴫Ǳߣִ֪ˣǿɾ͵Լĩˡ
´ţУ仯һɫֽףǶֽ˵ңԣǸϿСӣˣ
ֽ׷ɳ֮ڷ֮⣬һӰ˲һ֮ǸˣϴЦݣǣȻһİ˴˳У⼸Ҿе㲻Ծ춢㣬û뵽ȻΥǹ棬Σ壬ǳ군ˡ


1322 Ʒ
ӷٴν񷶦ʱֲ񷶦Ѿ˷츲صı仯
ӣǰһԭһͶɵĲ񷶦ѾΧеһУȫסˣԭȵľŴԪҲ˺ۣȫΧм¯ϷޣǶ֮ϵУ޲ģȫ
¯һߣս׸汦飬ûб̫Ҳһ㱡ıӷȭߣ޷ս׸汦ϵıκε˺
Ϊرǣڲ񷶦֮ڣǰûеĶȻǳҵ޴ĵһΪɫһΪɫҲǱģǱصġ
Ȼ˵ӣʮֿ£ɫһֻ̧ģ·һŲȥҪƬ㡣Ļƽ˫ȫٹͷҪ˫ȭͷۼ˫֮䣬Ȼһƣ飡
񣬳ӷûǹڰƻ֮񣬶δӡ˲񷶦֮ڣѵӡŵ
ӷϸһ£ЦѽͻһķӡȻһ㣬Ҳ˵δķӡһѣӦûм㣬ЦͻƵĵһӡǴ˲񷶦Ӱˣ뿪񷶦Ҳóӷ񷶦ȴ޷ʹò񷶦Ϊ֮ã
Գӷķδķӡֻ㣬թյŮˣٻķӡΪַӡҪĵ̫Ӵ󣬲ӴҲܷӡס֮ԣҪڵ֮ټһӡƽδǲģʱƻ濪սҪʵὫеȫڷӡ֮ϡ
δҲ벻ģӡȻᱻЦҲû㵽֮ˣͻ˵һ㣬ڳӷΣʱͻƵģ
ʲôӡֻҪǳһ⣬Ƿӡͻʱ߽⣬Ů洵ʱӡǬͨھһõӣοδķӡֱӱһ㣬֮㣬ҲͲˡ
ӷĵֻҪܽ⿪δĵڶӡǲ񷶦ӦþͿǰΪԼˣӡһ⿪͵ڽ֮ų㣬ӷ绹ȥ룬Ͼӷ粻֪֮֮󣬻ᷢʲô£ԼǷǳȤԼ壡
ӣֻҪ⿪ڶķӡͿˣ㣬޷ٷ֮ٿ϶֮񲻻ô֮ǰǾԲܽ⿪ģ
˵Ǽ򵥣Ҫƽڶӡ̸ףǸЦһŻϣ
ӷҲȥվԼǰڵ΢΢һ㣬ΪӾʮһĹϵȻˣӷҲ̫ҵ飬Ƹ
ðһС͵Ļ򣬳ӷҪıڻܿϧܳӷôȼգ޷⻯ȥһ㡣
δķӡѽӣҪ취Ƚڻмƻ⿪ڶķӡˡ
һô磬ӷ粻Կ϶ǣ棬һǳǿ磬޵֮ԴҲעҪͳǿߡͬʱֳ֮ԴĵطҲźܶԼ붼ûıЩ˵Խıڻ
Ȼڴڲ񷶦ûʲôãԼҲʱԽǾȳȥɣȥ˽һǸ磬ֻҪ˽Ǹ磬ǸУҵԼҪĶ
ӷ뿪񷶦ͻȻһ΢Ц
ȻתֻӱǱ汦ڣɢһ⣬ǵʹ汦ıڻһСףСڣķ˳һֱӷɹ
ӷվԭһҲûɻԼͣתӷҲо⣬ԼһַǳϤĸоǳѪûǳѪ
ǵЦ˵ҪӳƿȭǾͱȽ϶ΪһϳѪС
ڣ汦ֵĻӵųѪӷһ㶼֣ߣԭΪһģͬʲôֵġ
ӷ粻ǲ֣֣⣬Ҳͣ˳ӷ֮ϡ
ӷһ䣬͵һգ֮Уӷֻ֣Ҳڴ˿̣Ϊ˻ɫɫһֱųӷȫʹĳӷˣɢǿҵĻ⡣
֮𣬷ųӷȫӷ粢ûио˿ʹ࣬ڵȫָ˹ǰҪǿһڲǡ
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ӷ뿪˵棬ڲ񷶦İвϵתţ󣬳ӷ绯Ϊһ⣬ͬǰĻ⣬ڲ񷶦ǽϣͣײţǿȴȻܸκε˺
¡һӷ֮£ȫĻ⣬ʱȫ˳Ļ⣬ʹİɫı⣬Ϊ˻ɫģ漴ЩĻ⣬ٿٵľۼ˳ӷΧ
ӷ˫ȭգָоԼǰԹܶΣҲǳϤǣĸо
ɣҲ
Ǹվһ٣ھͷĺ£ѵǴѲк󸣵ĵһԼƷľ磬Ʒľ硣
ӷȻ֪ƷԼİҲܴ󣬿һȥĻôܵ϶ľ磬ػȡ¡
ðɣȵƷ٣Ǹ֪УԱ
л⣬ȫӷգӷüĴСתǰһţ⣬޵֮Դȫӷ˽
޵֮ԴȻлڲ񷶦޷е֮£һҲȥˡ
һǻԵɺϣӷȥˣĿǰΪҪľԵǿʵɽ
Ʒܺõĸоȴейˡ
յƷ磬һӵľʡ


1323 
ڽӵǵֽ֪֮Իأһ˷֣һİˣ⼸һȫģϵ飬һʱ͸˹
սҴԺѾ˸ɳȥѰˣһԸ˼ҵţڳעһ£һİˣץؼκ֪
ǣ׷ʲô£
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ҸղͷСӳԣɸһţͲˡ
ʲôˣɲС£˷Ƕ鷳ġ
Ǹվһģ˵ͬһϵģһ߳⣬⼸Ҳ巢ѣʱ壬Ӧ˵һ壬ҪԸǵĴ壬ǲ̫ܵġ
˵ϷͷȥңһҵˣǧٴҪȥѾõĲˣҲ御ˣԲΪһİˣҶ鷳
ҲųӷˣԼ嶼ѾˣΪһİ˵Ĺϵ壬ӹⲻȥ
ǺãǷͷȥңҵ֮ͳȥ
˸Ҫţȴϣ⣬Ѿ߽˼ߣУǳǵִϣȫˣǲԼͬǰģƽҲܵһûʲô£ѵԼһİڼ֮£Ѿ
ڰԭִϵģÿһִϣŰǵһΪû䣬ʹߵִϱˣλã壬Ҳû˿Եѽ
ãܿԱ¶ˣʦˣ
һԼүүĴͬʱ֣İ˵֮⣬Բʲô顣
ǳԼӣϱŮȫҲһֲõĸо
֮ǰһİˣϵģǳǲŵģΪ֪Щ¶ǳСģĴץסκεİѱǽƳȥҲûоܾôܻһЩ֪ʷ飬İ˽ء
ڣһԼҵСӸѾͷȫÿһ˵ɫҲǼΪѿǳ¾Ϳʼ
⼸СӸѾͷǴСһ𳤴ģϵǳãһ޸ĸĹ¶ҲСҳŻҳɾһԵĸ˴˿ȫɼһʲô飡
ǳ뷢ʣͼԱһߣһͷ׷һ˳ʵǣ˽ɡ
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ôܻϣʵϣ˵ʲôҪҽʲôˣ
ϷǰװͿϷѾõ˿ɿϢһİ˽ǣϷɣһǸİᣬ֮ˣİǵļϸ
ƶ죬ƼļƼ壬ҲĿǰǵĵһ壬հǵĹأÿһֻ̳λʮģγλʱ쵽ˣǼλߣӦǰǼ֮׵ĳϣҲƶ졣
Ƽ壬Źڵģ뵱꣬϶죬Ƽ嵱ʱļҲ϶죬˶ķǳ񽣽ʤƼ嵱ʱļΪ˰ǵĵһǿߡ
Ϊ£嶷˺ֱܶ꣬ڣû䣬ĴѹƼסΪɵĺ¡
վĽǶ˵Ƽ壬ɾǸɵĽɫˣ޲ýƼ𣬵ʱͬˣƼڰȹ̲˵ʮֵӴ⼸嶼Ƽհ壬ҪƼ弸ӣ֮£壬ôܶĹ˼ң
˿ھ˴ϵ뷨˵ƳϣʵʲôϸʲôİǵģҸմİٳôܻİᡣ˵⻰Ҫ㹻֤ݣȻ塣
ǺãϷͰ֤˽г
䣬ֻһ˴ƶ˳һˣɫͱĲ԰
㣡
ûҡС㣬ôãһУҵ˫ۡղһİڷѵ㻹𡣡
˵ǽЩɲѽȻŭ
ǳɲֵ̫˵ԣ졣ǣʵ˵ûдİ˽ǣ
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ȥ䣬ãСҲˣȥ˷䣬ǻ˵ʲô
ȻϲţǾɡ
ͬʱ߽ݣֱӳǵķȥ
Ÿһ򿪣ǿ򷿼䣬ָŷڣ˵ǣ㻹ʲô˵ģ
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ǳҲ֪˵ʲôˣˣȫųĬ
ӷ뿪˲񷶦Ȼǻصǵķ䣬һô˴䣬óӷ綼еĪ
ôҸƷľ磬鷳𣿿ɿЩɢϢÿһ˵ΪȫԼ֮ѽȫʥǿߣҪǲ
ǽ㣬㲻˵
ֹסԣҪ˵Խ˵Խ
ƶ˵ǣھ͸һ˰ɣܳɹĳͷ
ͷǾ·һ㣬˭֪
Ӧǳ죬ƶҪԶ֣һƣеѽôǣܵʲôʱѹģ
ܵܣ
˵ˣǣһʱûӦ
͵һǣ׹˼е͵ǣѽңҲ֪ʲôʱѹġ
䣬ܹȥ¾ֵӷûӦˣֱӱһŮ˸סˡ
ͣʲôʱѹģˣ㻹Ϊһӣûῴѹˡ
ӷ⵽ôһ£ΪǱ̧ĳӷ綼ؿڣˣлȥѽ
ƶ쿴һߵˣʵͣ
ǵ˵ͷȻҡҡͷ˵ϣͣûѽ
ѽ֮⣬ڳ˭ҲûһжͣǳҲûȻû˼֮ˣ˭˵ǰİˣͲأ


1324 ˽Ǵ½
ͣһΨһжСһֲˣ˵һһֻкʲôûеֲˡᶯ˵۾һûκε
ڣ˵ӷͣ˵Ҳȷ˶٣ڳûһܸоӷ˿ڣԣƶ죬ҲòһЩϾΨһļ̳ˣ͸ɱˣǾƼڰǵٴҲ˵۵ģô˵ڰĹף൱޴ģ
ƶŰɵӣ˵Ƴϣ͵ĻҲԵѣûһڴϵֲˡȻҲֱӷͣƼĿǰڰǵδ׼֮˵ɱһͣԲƼκӰġ
ɲһζ϶ӷ͵ݣȻ㲻ţǾֱӶһըԵȥң壬ûеڶ͡⣬ĺ仰ֱвƶˣ˵ɱͣǼ٣ֻҪҶ֣˵壬һжƼȨ
ƶڻ˵ʲôѵȥ˿ѾͷĹƣȫǵˣԼ¼ɣ
Ȼǰƶ컹˵ˣ㽫ҲǸɵĳġʱͬգ˭֪ڰӵİǵļϸϸû֪һƶ壬ɱļ̳ˣʣϸߣ񲻾ͳ𣬾㲻ֻҪһʮʮ٣ټĳЩͼӴ׵ģǼٵģҲˣ
ƶҧأѽû뵽ԼһͣǰʵΪǿļ壬ȻᱻһСѾͷƨŲ
ļЦ˵ѽѣΪûˣͿԶ䲻ϵĴѹڶûϳѾˣǵ˳ȫѽȺڵ۾ѩģһһУҿɶء˵ˣγûλҲڶ棬ֻҪ͵ڸһѹƼĻᡣ
ϲѽûƶôѿɫԼͿƼ岻˳ˣȻԼᣬڲ㻹ʲôʱѽ
ǳ֪˼ֽ࣬ܣ˶˵ĻǳҲŵġ
ңƽɲƶ˵ΪںҲԲðȥƶΪеġ
ӣƶ˵ûǣȷǴ˸İ˻İˣǰν͡
ǳôƶ죬˵Ƴϣ¿ɲǼС£Ϸ򿴣ѰɣȷһСӵݡ
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ȻƶŭǳҪԼȥѣϷɲ뱻˵ĵġ
һӣƶһۣת߳塣
ȫƶ棬ǳߵſʱɵͣһ½ŲתͷԿʹһǳɫ
˶뿪ˣһһƨ˵ϣԱһ͵ĺ
ǼҲһȫ֮£ɱʮǰİٳΧҪΣѽ
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ڴϵĳӷЦһ֪֪ʲôɱ
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ڣӷڷһûУˣҲ̫ӡ
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СֵܣΪ㣬ȷոڹŹǰһ⡣֪ǰǵĹأİ˽ǣǾ·һġ
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СӣٸװͿ̹
ѽҪҹԣɵҪһʱȴѾĺԶˣʱǵ³ɾ·һѽ
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ɩС
˵ûˣǣ·һԣڲߣҪúõĴڰǣңڣͣʲôСӡ
ӷſ˵ŮҼˣ˼ܣִ󵨵Ůˣһû
ҲܴǵһǰǣֻΪղŵ飬Ϳɽ
ˣҿɲǷϻȸңʲôط뻷жԶ
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ӷһ£Լ˵ǵȷܻ֪
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뻷Ļһ֪ġ⼸һû˵˵ʲô˵Ǵ½뻷Ų̵ľѽ
Ǵ½ж϶쾳ǿߡ
仰ÿȫסˣ϶쾳磬Сӣ治֪ߵغѽ϶ľ磬˵˵ģǧܴﵽ϶쾳ǿߣûԼ֪Լǣ֮⣬Ҳû϶쾳ǿˡ
ųΪҪ϶쾳ˣҲ˵ѾˣǱϾǴԣԼ˳ôҲûһ棬ԣ϶쾳ǿߣʲô˶˵ڵģ
֪϶쾳ǿߣӦãӦûûаɣ
дһɣ֣ӷ֪ǵݸλ˵ʲôе磬ȴ϶磬ô֪Щ϶쾳ǿأԼ⣬е̫Сˣ
˵ˣ磬֮Դ޴ڣôû϶쾳ǿأӣԼҪ˽һˣǰĸˣõĽ˵Ա


1325 ٳ
˵ĿУӷ˽Ǵ½Ĳ֡Ǵ½˵ǵ֮һ˴У˿ڣȴǷǳϡٵģҲΪս𣬵˸ͥص֮ô磬ֻʣ¾ˣУҲǸΪ֤û˭Ϊ֮ƣ֮䣬Ǵδֹͣս𣬶뽫ĳи̲Ϊ½϶һ޶ĳС
Ȼһô磬֮⣬壬һǾ壬ħ壬壬ڻ֮ҲеģǵĺӾްҹӷĵڶодڻ֮һͳεУʶĽδ
ھǴ½ϣΪһҲһǰúƽϲսںܶǰѾһȽصĵطӲ飬ֻÿųǿսʱͻɳʹߣȰ˵ųǲҪ򣬵ôȰ˵ûгɹ
ħ壬ǿ˵һǳر壬Ҳ˵һ໥ɱ壬֮ͬͬ䣬ῪսģʤΪħǾǴ½ΪӴģռ˾ųֻ֮ΪûһͳߣŻ໥֮ҲӲ࣬彻ãһǾǵĵ̣Ǿǲݵĵز
֮⣬ӷ绹֪Ǵ½һǳرְҵǾֻ֡һ飬ɱħޣȡħڵħõǾǴ½ϲƸԴ
˵Ǵ½ϣҲһΪҩƷģȴеҩҩҪƳҩһҪħԽߵħƳҩЧԽãΪҲԽ죬ҪõħȥҩĻͱҪħ޽սΪۣԣɱھǴ½ϣŵְҵҲǷǳϡٵְҵϾٻԼȥƴģǳҪмߵΪ֮⣬ҪмõУȻֻɱһЩ׵ȼħޣ׵ȼħҲƲ߼ҩһ˵֣ڳڵģһ궼ѵûصԵĳһΣһˣǾܻӭߣҪԽӼģͺñһĴڣ֪Ǵ½ϣӵŶôߵȨλ
˽˾Ǵ½һЩҪ֮󣬳ӷҲԵĿ˽⵽飬Լո磬ôңôͱ˵֮ˡ
ҸͲõǻҶȥˣҪĵģӦǲŶԡ
ӷν·һУ޹أǷ·Ǿ޹أΪģǽ֮ԴϽΪ϶쾳磬ػԼҸ
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ϵҪô̵ʱڣ϶쾳أǰᣬ⿪񷶦ĵڶӡͿƵҩˣħޣȥɱʲôҩʲôҩϵƳǵҩҩЧһģҲǴͬСɣ
һҲ̫˰ɣѵ㻹һðǽĵܵ𣡡ŭ
ð䣿ҳӷ磬Ҫðκˡ죬ðһǸʲôͣҲһ
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Ҫӷ磬Ͳ棬˾

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սӣȫ׼սѵħ޿ʼǰ𣡡
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ӷͣ½Ųתͷ˵һ顣


1326 ӭս
´ڣִȫۼÿһ˵ɫ൱ѿ
ԭ˵飬ӦɳֵģΪǱչڼ䣬ʱ򣬸ͲܳԣǵоߴȨȫִϵϡ
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˵һƼ飬ƼȻǲ˷ģЩδ˵ƼκһĲǣҲ֤ǵĳƼ壬Ҳżݼɻģûо԰ФȨ£ҶƼ塣
ƶѾ˰ʮҲһȽļһһ㲻ò˵ƶԳ԰ǵĹҲǲСģССսۣǳˣҲǸ򵥵Ľɫ
мϸ˭֪ȴûܲ뵽ϸ˭´ڣҲɹϸƶ죬ַһ룬ƶЩΪһУγĵһѡбҪȥİ˵İǣİǵһʵ֮˭Ļǵһƶ죬еպҪԸĳУ׵Ķˣ˵ܱѰ֮ˣʵƶ죬Ƽ塣
ҷ¼ϸ鲻˵£Ѿһ¡
ƶֱӾ˳λϣĴִϣ˵İȻڲħ޵£Ұǣ£λʲô
ѽǴ½˾Ŵ֮⣬еĵطȫħ޵ģһ뿪˾УǾ͵ħ޵ĵ̣ħôŹ
ڣİǵȻֱ⣬ûоκһֻħޣһˣʮʮˣǻпܣֻҪǱܹħޣħ޲Ϳˣ㣬ǼĵİǴǧ⣬ħޣȻһֻҲ֣벻֮ͨ
ѵİɳһΧħ޸ˣ
˵ִϽ˾ͽǰ֮һ˾ͽ
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ʲôǳ˵ЦɣħЭ飬Ȳ˵ûԣʣټħ壬˭˴ľȨҪ֪ħ壬Ⱥ׵ġ
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˵ǰֻħޣ˭ǰǵĳҲڳһıġ
ħޣԾŸ࣬Խ˵ھżħޣͿԻΪ࣬Ҳ˵ħޣʮ𣬳Σ߼ˡ
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ôڵѾٳ£ǲܼˣҪȳȥ򣬳һĻ̵̻ġ
Ƴ˵ûھʹŸӭսɡ


1327 
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ȫǵؾҲִϵĴ£ѩɽİɽԿɽµһУһ˶Ի
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ĸòҵ˳ӷ磬뽫ӷȥǿڣӷʵħ޲ĵΪʲôǻҪħޣ
˵ЩħȫģǸһʱͱǸ˻ҶһķӡǲŻΪõġ
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ֻҪԴߣȫС
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ӷû˵Խ϶쾳ǿ߶ԹСëǰĻûţʣĻŻء
Сֵܣڲ˵Цʱ򣬼ȻѾͣǾӦϻȥҪ֪ƼΪɻģ˳ֳϡ˵սͨļᣬ嶼ûȨμӵġ
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ָɽںɫϵĺ꣬˵Ǹֳִ󽣵ģİǵٳ
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ӷۿȥȷǸɫңҪǿܶ࣬㣬ֻҪԷ֪ˣûģĸ֣գթ
߱ոթ֮ˣǼ򵥵Ľɫ֮ǰķ޼֮ľأһǼ򵥵Ļɫˡ
ɲܼ򵥻鷳󣬻˳ӷ
ʱͬգҪ֪ڵĳӷǸѵ̫ӣǴ½ϣʲôǣһ޺̨ʵҪﶫɽ֮ǼֱڿЦ治ǸĺӾްҹôģʲôطͣôƫƫԼ͵½ˣ
һ㣬ӷ绹ͦӾްҹģһ֪Ǵ½ϵ֮Դ棬Ż׼ýԼ͵Ĵ
ǵֵĻҿԿ϶ʮغϣͻɥ֡
ӷ˵
Ժ˵㲻ͱ˵ҴΪ£һ㣬ҲϾҪͻʥƷƷľˣҴҲֻҪܰ쵽
Ϊĸߵûϵ
˵Сֵ˵ûҵΪȵߣһһƷ֮ľ֮Ҳδʤ
磬ôܳ־Լ硣
ûнֻͣǶԳӷ˵ͷ
ӷҲǷǳңܱ˵Լ磬Ҳ⣬ˣպضгϢġ
ǵǰӦҼֵܣҪ̵ʱڣȫ硣
ʵ쵽ˣ
ӷûлشҲûбҪشΪֻԼһпˣ
ǸǺѰɡ
ͻȻҲֵ⣬ûӦ
ϻǴСһ𳤴ġ
ҪǣȫԸ𣿲Ӧ˵ĸֻԻͣԸ𣿡
໥һۣ׳ӷ˼
Ϊ壬ҪҲԸ⡣
أ
ֲûһ㡭
Ǻã죬ĸȫȥɡ
˵ʲô
ӷһ䣬ڵһǿ쫷磬ˣƶǱȥ
֮硣


1328 
еʱ򣬾Ӹ²һǼ¡ʤһ׷ɱܵһڸߴżһ֧ʤ֮˫δսһȴռ˸ߴɣռݸߴߣضȫʬһ㣬˶βݣǾԵģһ֧ӣ޲ݵ£ʲôȥս
ĿǰǣֱӱİǵĴΧҲǰû뵽ģİǵȻô硣
ǰǽսѡ˫ΪĵĵشκһԷķΧԼڽս֮صĵλòϤ׻ᱻԷ͵Ϯġ
ɽ죬Ȼ᲻һеģİǵľӣûĳ˰֮£˸ħǱйϵ֮⣬İǴߣһ㶼֪ѽУһʲôǰǷû뵽ġ
̹ǣڰǵ˵Ǻƽ¼ѩɽ֮ϣ̹ǵĺѾǲκεӰˡ
İȴҲǵһִδں֮عӵļһܳܵס˴̹ǵĺ磬ΨһĿǡ
ٺҩİȫ˱ٺҩ
ǳ⣬ٺҩԼǶеһҩƷЩոճӤõģϾճӤΪСģǾܲסǵĺ䣬ֻг±ٺҩſ֮ػ
û뵽İȻȫ˱ٺҩѹǶڰǵƵĺһоûСҲһ֤ڰżϸңϸڰڵĵλݶףΪٺҩ˶еģһӤҪǵȥȡٺҩ䷽ҲǾԱܵģܻй
ļϸȻٺҩ͵ͳȥˣ˵ֶΣͨѽ
ִ϶໥һۣΪʸõٺҩ֮ˣҲ˵˾ò
ڶҪ໥²ˣеǰǱҪŽһģȽ˸ǰڵķΧ
˹ؼʱ̣ƶҲ˽ֻΪƼ壬Ϊ֪Ǳİռ죬ǵһǳڶģԼԼƼ塣
ǻǰϹذɡ
ǳһֻ־𣬶ʱͼڰɽϣɫӣÿһϣһֻɫӥǰǵı־Ҳǰǵս졣
ս𡣡
ƶһ£Ȼ䣬еѩɽսģƬ֮أս
Ǿڣ
ƶһ£ֻһɫ׵Ķ飬ǵϷ֧鹲ʮˣÿһ˵ǰɫǻ£ÿһˣǣȫʥƷľ硣
ڣ
ǳҲһ£Աߣֳһ֧׵ľӣҲˣΪһ֧һġ
ڣ
ڣ
ѩڣ
ִϣÿһ£֧ӣǰ֣֧ӣҲȫִϱҲǸԼǿߣƽǲֵģֻսϣŻ֣û֪ǵݣ໥֮䣬Ҳ֪Էݣսһ𣬸ףͷս½ͻָԭݣƶҲǹ塣
ξ壬ȴͷɡ
ǳ
Ȳİǵ˶û˵Ǽʲô
ƶ˵꣬޴𣬲ҳɽ´ȥ
İٳվ˵
ɽ£ֻǻħޣһɫĴ󳵣ǰ߳ʮʮľ룬͵ϰˡ
ɫףͲǲһͷںڵľѾ䣬ֳһѺɫľ޽һװϣο࣬òҲӢֻ˼˾﷢ëһּյ
ӳվɽ޴Ѿȥ
û´ĻӦþǰǵһִϣƶǰɣ
棬䣬ҪòġƽˣսڼģҪսûԼͻһ룬ñЦ
幫ӿˣϷƶ졣֪幫ӽİǴǰǰʽսأĿģ
Цһ˵ǰ⻰˵ľͲˡǰ͵Ϯİǣô˵İǵĲˡ
ȷʮǰȷƶ飬Ǵȥ͵ϮİǵģһԼϳ֮ǰȸİһССĴ˴˻ᣬ峹׵ֻû뵽ԼļƻǸļϸʶˣİǱߣ׼Ż·ɱǵˡ
ʱ򣬾ԼȶǰҲܳѽ
Ϸ幫ӻе˼ʲôǰȶֵģ
ѵʮǰ͵ϮİǣƳϵ𣿡
£Ϸ治֪幫ӣϷ򿴣һʲôᣬϷɴδ´κ͵ϮİǣҲţһУҰ޹⡣
ðɣϺ꣬ȻеΣȫƵǵϣ̫Ǹˣǳȥڣֱֲ˵
ȻµƶжΣҲ׼ˣ˵ȻһжģǾǰǽɡΪʮǰ͵ϮʹİأұҪҵһ
ѾģǧܹΪҪǽһ⻰˵Ҳ̫˵ɣ
ƶ˿ڴЦԣԼֻҪǽȥû˵ˣһӱȰϧԼصˣҲ³һ½ԺͲˣԼԽ壬׳ûǣʲôˡ
Ҳ벻ƶȻ뷨죬һӦ˵ûϵƶַУе뽫ɱ⣡


1329 ϼһ
Ȼ幫Ҫˣֵȷ飬ûϷģֺΪˣֻǰǴˡ幫ҪϷ򽻳ǲǲܣϷҲǳԸ⽫ǵ˸ϳҰǡֻҪϷ򽻳ǿԣǣ幫ӵİָΣ
ƶ⻰ѾˣҽǣҪ˱򣬱һԵӲ̡
ʵİǵڲ֮䣬Ҳûδֳʤ첻ͬԣİбģֲ֪ǳĲ²Ǽ٣ģɾ鷳ˣԼǣҲ֣֮ܵԣƶҪǣҪ壬һǶȥ룬ǲȥðգҲȥеκεķա
콻ǣԼʱһȽħǱߵˣӦ֮ߣһССǣԱǣֿԳԼ˳۵壬ԼֶΪأ
ƶ⻰˵ڣ˵ǵˣԱ߼ִϣǴ⣬û뵽ƶȻᵱŰ棬˵ֻ⻰һǴ˳óеľ֪ˣǾֻôȥƶ죬ǿǴĲѽ
ƶֲɵϣֺγ벻ֻҪԼǣԼ鷳պ󼴱˳Ҳǵòĵģһ䣬δĳܲȣƶ˭Ҫ
ʵƶ컵ǻ˵ǻȥˣɲòϣΪƼͬʱҲΪ룡
ɫʮѿնֶ۾ĵŰɽ춥˵ϵѽֶζõĳԼղȣֻҪǽǣԼİһԼͿԵδ
νˮգرǵҪӵˣ治֪Ǻá
С
ͻȻһƶһͬʱҲõ̵ֻҪǰ˲ͬ⣬Լ֮ǰ˵ĻͲˡң˵֮˲Ǳˣƶߵǳ
ǳʱ˵ƶ¼˵곤ϣڲ˵ʱ򡣡
Ƴϣƽﲻôѹ壬ϷһֻۣһֻۣΪģǲҰǷҡɽ£ȻҪǽİǣѵʮǰ£Լע˵㲻֪ʮǰ£ѵǼ£Ǽ𣿡
ǳ˻һĵЦƥ֮ǰһǰŅ̀㣬û뵽Ȼ֮ա
ƶ˿Ȼ鶼ѾˣԼʲô취ǳӣǾԲῴԼǽİǵģԼڻִֻϣǳܶǳôȻܶǳôǾֻİǿսˡ
ǳһΪ︶۵ġϷȲƽϣȳ֮ԼȥͰɡ
Ϸֻ˵ʵҰǣҲδ¹İǡҪֵĻϷˣȴͷ󡣡
ǳһӣҪʱͻȻΧ𣬽ɽѩȫ
һӰɽµããѩϵƮɽ£ǳȻתֻĸ磬Լϯ֮˵ǻѩʯˡ
ʲô£
곤ϣǺ硣һʿ˵
ϻϷȻ֪磬磬ǴðģҰΧǾԲɳ˴ѽ
ϣȥ
ƶ죬ʵ̫ҪˣȻҪǽ㽻İǣʲôִϣҿİǣһġ
һڣһŮ˵ǳһⲻԼŮ
ǳߣʱʧֻڣĸŮˣǣø
˸һأתͷ˳ӷǱߣûӦ׷ʲô£ôģѾ͵
ӷ˵Ǿ仰ȥɣͣҵĶǻ⻰ʲô˼
ڿɹܲôˣղƶ˵ĻѾĲˣʹԼ޷Ļͳƶ죬ƥƴˡ
ƶ죬ʲôϣȻԼƳȥΪ˱δı𣿡
ʵ
סڡ
ǳû뵽Ǽһ϶Ҫµġ
үүϲģȻ飬ҽҪƴˡ
ǰֹסԣ˵Сã嶯
ûеǰǱȶԸˡ˵
ƶͲԣֻǶǳ˵곤Ͻ̳
Ƴϣеǰ˵Ϸҽ̵ʱ㲻㶯֣ǽһսͽɡ


1330 İſ
ƶķŭѾ˼㣬Ȳ˵ǳĲ廰ʹԼû˿׼İҪ׼İǣڣûʸμӴսѾͷҲ˹ƶ񣬼ɱˡ
Ƽǰ֮ףȻҪսȻƼͷ󡣡
ƶʱɲں棬һͷ󣬲Ӯ˲ͷĻ壬ڳھеĵλɾҪˡ
ƶ첻ҪѹѾû˵壬ҲڳﻮôԸˣǳڵĻѾˣϾǳ֮Ǵ½ҲһڰδķչҲǷǳģƶĿǰҶô
ȻƳ˵ˣǻǰϹأ޷ɳһеǿߣǰ棬İǵǿһս
սִ򷨣һȫȫؾһأʱһķؼʱ̣ǲõģͻǳ˵ɾ޴
һִ򷨣˫ǰսһһĵǵľƣ϶֮˫Ⱥսôȥ䡣
뵽飬ȻҲ뵽ˣɲɵİǵͬһʱǣô˵ڱ˵ĵϣԼİǷڰǵļϸҲܹĴ򿪳ţԼȥˣȻŲһǿʯ䣬Լߵɾʹˡ
Ȼ˫뵽ͬ飬£ֻһַʼһսˡ
ƶ죬ȻǽˣǾݹҲˡˡ
ŵһ£ֻɽ£İ֮УһɫףֳֳìĽһֻħޣг
İſ񣬽գǰǵǿߡ
䣬ſͷ¶òͲǺܴ󣬸࣬ſİһеǿ֮һ
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Ϸǡ
үү˵㣬ǳ֮仯Ī⣬ȴ磬ȷһܺõĶ֡
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û뵽Ȼſ˹ӣҪһ֮սˡ
ǳһЦ˵Ӣ۳ѽſڴ½ҲеˣܿϧҪϷ㻹ûǸʵ
ſҲһЦ˵ЩǲԹʵˣǷŴ˵еôҪҶֲ֪

Ȼһ󺰣ֱɽ¡
ſǰһ׹һֵ
һ֮С椣Ǻˣ
ǳֹѾ𣬳ɽ·ſİ֮ǰ
ǳ£
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ſ´һ¿ɵЦǰĻ̫˵ɣ˵ˣҲӲŮ˶֣ҪĻǳҳһŮˣʲôͷѽ
ٷϻҵֶΣ㻹֪ʥƷľ磬Ҹ߳һҲһҵռκεıˡ
СѾͷôĿ֪һƷ֮֮ʲôҶ
ӶӲݵļһԸ㣬ѵҪʲôΪ𡣡

ſСѾͷ뼤ŭ㣬ϵĻͻŭ֮͵Ϯ㣬ʹĴֲǧϵ
ſǸˣҪ㣬ڣſôһ˵ҲͽǷŭ֮
ٳ㿴ҽСѾͷİǣӦòʲôɣ
ҲСˣҲҸϱˡܻץѾͷĻˡ
ãǾ׼سǰϲ°ɡ
ɽĻҪˣ˵磬ǸſҲ̫ǶˣȥɩһԸ
ȷս˲ò֡
ǸſΪһѽɩԿģ
ģһа취Ըġ
ڸûȥӷ磬ڰеĳӷҲûκ£ֻھĹ۲ɽµһУǵǸſİеÿһˣӷ綼ڹ۲죬ȻһͿȻһˡ


1331 
ҾȻŰ֮ƣӣ֮ǰû˵ʵΪǹǴ½ϵһ飬ӦöָƣΪʲô˵أԣκεӰѽͻߺߣһңͷԸǻۣδ֮£
ˣӣӷҪˣ֮ǰı״ĵĽܣһŭûУѵװĻǴ˵Ļ治һװģΪʲô֪ȴ˵أԼ֮⣬Ҳпǲ뽫һЩǰɡ
֮ңӷѾһ֮ǽ˳׿ǾԲģ򣬱ˣԼҪǮ
ڵӷĿǰ뵣ģϾԼڰǣǼȻİǶģԼͺѸϽ
˫һתӷ翴ǰɽϣִҲȫɽ£ҪʥƷΪսſʥƷΪƶĸɾȥģǳȴ롣
ǳһִģڿǳ˭ǿǰҲûӦÿһΣǳʤһƷ֮Ĳ֮𣬵ܿͷԣһľϲ
ӷȴΪСΪ̫Сſˡ
Ҫ֪ǺҲİǵٳǴ½һеǿ֮һܻ㣬һ³ç֮ߣܣղſһŭȰ˵Ϸġ
ӷھĵȴţϵĻտʼĵһսԲһһĶһ
С椣үϷһ¡
ſ񲻻Ųĳȥһգۼ䣬ѾſſҲѾ˿Ķδתȴ¶һֿ⣬ȿӺ͵Ϯſ֪ʱȻ˿һֻ֣ס˿Ĳӡ
ԿƻӺ͵Ϯſ񣬵ȴǼ͵ϮĿģſ֮ǰٴλصԭλסſѨԴסſ
벻ſٶȸӦȻԼеҪ
ɣļƻʧˣ֮£һʧܣǾζ
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ſڵı֣ԣûаճƣӲһ㶼ΪԼΪȿߣͲҪκ£һ֮䣬ɱǽסˣһֻƣס˿ĲӣʹĿĴ
ٳӣҪҵϲˡ
ſһЦЦȺɽ֮䲻ͣĻصš
ȻҴӦȻġȰ˴ȥȻس֮ҸףΪֻ񡣡
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ңȥԡ
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ҺΣǲͻģ飬ӦƼȥ֮ǰǳ˵ҪͷʱҾ뷴ԣҲ֪Լû˵ʸ
ǳˣһȥʵûɴ⡣
Ҳȥæ
ǣѵ壬ûʸμִģս
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ǲͬﱾͻŵ񽣵¼ɲٷʲôóڵȥˣȻ壬ʱпڳٴǿƼ˵ǴĲ
ƳϣǶҵĺѣǶԶսİһ仰˵ˣΪʲôҪֹң
ǣĵҲԽԽ˰ɣȻϷ˵
ֻǡ
ǣԱ߿ţ飬ȻϷҲÿǳµġ
ǳһĲ˵׼ãһɽб䣬̳ȥˡ
ǣ
ʵڲ֪ǺãԼĺƴɱԼأһæﲻϡ
˿̵ǵһθоԼһʲô˵ķѵԼ壬ҪԼ군
ʱǵĶߣͻȻһ
Ҫţʱ仹û
Ȼһǣӷ硣
㡭
˵ҾߣǿңЩˣҲоҴڵġ
ӷȷߣȴռ䣬֮ӷڲ񷶦֮ڣͨ񷶦֮ţڸ˵ԣƶǷֲˣ϶쾳ĳǿߣҲֲ˳ӷ磡


1332 ҵı
񷶦ڵĳӷ˵޴ڣȥʲôطȥʲôط֮䣬α½ÿһ䡣ȻǰǣӷҪϤС
ڣǳӷֵʱһǻû³ǣӷû뵽ʲôһսֻгˣܵõ˵Ӹע⡣
ӷ粢ʲôˣ³ʱԼڲ񷶦ڰȥ͵ϮİǵˣֻҪڲ񷶦ڣ湥Ļڷ֮ٽ񷶦֮Ÿرգ˭֪ڰаǵġ
ַ̫ΣӮİǣҲԲǵǿƣû㣬ҪŷҲǺѵġ˵ˣӷò񷶦һΣܲÿγ¶ɣԣ뵽һѹȺۣ˶ʼηǵķɲô򵥵ġ
վһԵû˵Ҳûʸ˵ƼĴѹ֮£ģǾԼһеȥסһҵ䵽˵壬˵̫ݳޡ
ǸŮˣһͲŮˣҪһ˴ĵӣ֪ЩôģԲΪ
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ǰסԣ˫ս֮£ΪɻģԼߵϺˣˣ˺ģ
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ƶЦ곤ϣӣӣеĻѽԼòɥܣûһۣ
ǳûбֳ̫ĳԾΪ˽Լӣ֪Լһôˣ֮£Լ߻ڳκһˣҲһġ
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˭û뵽ſҪ֣¸һҲѾ׼Ա߶ſʱͻȻӳڳ˳ǿʱ
ſ񣬱Ůˣɱҡ
ſ񶼲׵ôˣ˵ֵ𣬴ôǿ߹ҲҪٳѽڣȻ֮ǰļƻҪԼƻԼļƻˡ
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Σҿۡ
ſû׵˼Ҳʲôֱӷ֮ϣЦңǰһС㡣û뵽Ļ֮δ޸ã㶼ɱ
⻰һɽϵǸǳȫһɱ˭ǲӳˣͿˡ
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⻰ǳӷ˵
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ΪԱߣǸſʱſ񷢳һ𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ſΪ֪֮ͬ£ԼԱֽ߳ſһᱻſǰ֣ϾһָѡǺȷġҵĿ겻ſ񣬷ǿԵĻſľͻң֪ʲôҲлᣬһſ
ӷǵĶ𣬿ǣ޷ܣôܻ
Ǽ٣ڶѾҪˣȻѾ֣ңȻһᶼûˣ֮ǰķǶôЧûˡ
̫Сңһģɱı棬ҪյĶࡣ
ңı֣ȷҺܳԾͬˣԲպ󶨳Ϊҵĸ󻼡
˺ڵȫ׼˵ôǵĶ֡
ɽϵǳڹܲôˣȻ䣬ʥ۷徳ֱ
İǵ֮ڣͬһͬ˳ǳѾǳһ
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˫໥ǿҵĲҸʮ׵ľ롣
İǣӢ
ǳȻһû뵽ӢҲܹˡ
ʦҵסǳ
һֻһӰİг˳
һߣһǳߡ
Ӣİǵִ֮һҲǵʦ˵ǳİ֮ĵһǿߡ
ӢѾδ뿪İˣû뵽ΣȻ˹ӣİѾбôˣг񣬽ƱҪ°ǡ


1333 Ҳ
ǳһʮأû뵽ٴμ棬ս֮ϣνҵѽ
Ӣǿǳ˫Ĳ߳ƶ֮⣬ȫȥİǱߣҲ˺ͬʱĸߣԭأһҲ
ƶһĸߣһû뵽İǿߣԼеҪ࣬İǵִϣȫˡ
ھǴ½ľʹУÿһУӵִϸͬģִϵڸǵĴС֮
İǣǰǣ㲻ϵľŴģֻаĳУУҲִֻͬϡ
ŴĳУģȴΪ׵ģΪ۶۶ҲǾǴ½ϣΪϵһУǰǴ½δս֮ǰ۶һҵ׶ǸΪǵ۹ĹѾˣ۶ȴ
ڳӷ˵ǰǻİǣĵ۶ҪģҪǾ콫Ϊ϶쾳磬ʵػԣŴеĲ֣Ҳֻ˵һ£ûг׵ȥ˽⡣
ȻھǴ½Ҫ϶ľҲһʱ֮£ӷպǿȥ˽Ǵ½ϵвֵģ½ϵǿߣЩǿߡ
ˣڸһʱӵҰĵģܶˣΪָѹȣŻһҰģҰЩ˲ǿĽԼſڵʱȵĳӷ粢ûҰģΪһĵվԼǰϵԼ鷳Żʹĳӷ粻ϵǿһĳưԡ
Ǵ½ϣӷֻ᲻ڵһһ£ѪȾ½㣬ӷԼҲûȥ롣
Ӣû뵽İǴôЩ꣬գǳˡ
ǳԺӢɲǵһΪԼµĶ֣ҲǶĶ֣ǳܲôֱ࣬Ӣԡ
ͬʱƶҲܿŲܣϾİǱ߳һӢ֮⣬ĸִϣԼߣҪ֡
곤ϣԸӢˣͽˡ
ԹͬĵˣһߵĻ³ǳ˭Ҳ뿪
ƶ죬δĳһΡǾҵȼʶһ£ǰִǿ󣬻İϸʤһɡ
˫гѾʼԣȴûһǰģʮʥ۷徳ǿߣһſִΧΪĻһǽǵΧ֮ڣɾϡ
Ե׷ɱ˿̣֮⣬ͲԣϾΪ֮ϡ
ſһޱȣǵȻֵſҲܻ֣ƱҪɱ˿ԣ򣬽֮һİǵǿ֪ˣǻЦԼŮ˶ɱˡ
İǵˣһһӣſҪӡ
ſϽɱҡ
ٳƾһ֮ɱңŮˣͽҰɡ
治Ӧô
ٳֵһգԭֵһΰɡɱģɱҵġ
ҡͷſƢģҲȥˡ
ۿԼС浽ѱ׷ɱһ㻹ֵضûУҪȥȴΪ˫ִϵĶʹΧٵγ֮£Ϊһˡ
񷶦֮ڵĳӷ磬оǿͨ񷶦֮Ž룬ƽ񷶦ڶķӡ
ټǿһٱĻ˵Ϳƽδķӡˡ
ţͻأӷоӵǿóӷ绹ǲʮϼһΪûһ϶쾳ģΪʲô
ʲô
˵ڲ񷶦֮ڵĳӷ磬ƶˣһ
ǵصңԶֱѹһƣȺɽ֮ϣ׵磬дűѩȫۼ˰֮£
飬顭
׵˲ͬѩɽۣ֮ǳȻ̧ͷֻһ׵磬Լ
ã
ǳٵĶ׵磬Ʈһ֮ϣһֱָµĺӢʵǽսȻԮ
ǳǲϺͿˣѵթûǽսǧδҹԮʱͬգİѾҵǿѣųǣͳһ½ǳ֮£ȰǰǣǾͶɣϷ򻹿ɱ
ϻҪǰͶֱڰΡ
ȻˣǾݹİǣˡ
ӢԵ˵ٳһСӣȥˣҪģ°ǡ
Ѿվһɽ֮ϣҲ֪ʲôΪأʲôΪᣬ˵ˣֻҪ°ǣһң·һ
ʦ˼ǣھ𣿡
Ѿˣսپɡ
Ǻá롭
δ䣬е׵粻ϵȺɽ֮䣬ȼһĺɫ棬Щɫ棬ѩɽϵĻѩڻ
ڤϡ
Ӣһ£ֻİǵĴϣȫֹͣƶ˵Ķսȫ˺Ӣߣ֣ǿҵĻ棬ȼ
ִϣȫ˻ص˰ɽǳı飬κ˶Ҫѿ
ѵ汻Ϸˣİǣĸ
ƶԲܣǰħޣôܡ

һЦЦʣȺɽ֮ڣȫ𶯡
ЦȻ߱ʣǰħ֮⣬кˣӵǿ
ûĳˣѵǰǣһ𣡡
ء
ˣɽĻ棬ѾƲסˣħ֮ı֮ټڤ֮Ի
󺰵ħ֮İհǡ
䣬еĺɫ棬ȫİǵڤ֮ںΪһ壬γһ޴Ļ򣬱仯ΪϺɫߵѩɽۣ֮ȥ
˵ǡ
ƶ嵽˰֮ǰƹλãҪǳˣҲȫ˹ȥ
ڲ񷶦֮ڵĳӷ磬оǿҵȣȣǴδйģ
ǿҵĻ棬ҵ˵ͿƽڶķӡˣǴ½Ȼĺ£Ǵ½죬Ҳѽ
ӷ罫񷶦ų״򿪣ֻҪĻ񷶦ڵıȫڻӦ˵֮⣬ıȫڻϾ֮ǵӡĻǿ󣬵Խķӡ⿪
ֻҪܽ⿪ڶ㣬ǲ񷶦ͿٴΪԼˡ


1334 ڵǿ
ǿҵĻȼ𣬲һڲϵı󣬳ҲӵǿңʹΧѩɽϵĻѩڿٵڻڻѩˮγɽĺɽӿȥİȫħޣ½޷죬ҲֻЩħˣҪ°ȣֻħʲô
ǳµĹȻûİǣǰֻǿħ޴Э飬ҲһֻǰħΪʲôĽٴγ֣٣İһݾ޴д˵ڣ˵һǣҪͳһųǣ½ǲܵ顣
֮⣬ǰǿħ֣ħУҲضٴͳһȻû֪ǰֻħΪʲôҪİˣһȷģǾǣİǣһǸǰֻħҪĶǵǿĴڣܻİ˵ġ
ǳȫۼ˰֮⣬Ҫ֮赲˶֪߱ԲԼֵܵסģȲ˵İǵڤ𣬾ǵǰֻħĺɫ棬ѾԽˣħ޵ΪǰѾ϶쾳ѽħеΨһ϶쾳磡
ôһʧ֣ԼˣĶˣҶһΪβƴһ˸ͬھҲԲԼˡ
ĹͷƶҲֻԼƼ壬ǶûˣǾԼƼ壬Ҳֻɥ֮Ȯˣϣʲô˼
ѾɱңſԼİĵƶѾˣûǿĻ֤һУôŵſ񣬴˿Ҳֻǻصɿص˰ɽڵλá
ǣʲôѩɵˮԽȫߡϻسȥеͨˡ
ŷӦŮûпӦҲûԿ죬еģֻһıԼļ壬Լˣ£̫ϡ
ãȥ
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ǿĻ򱬷ͬصһɣУͳ׻ˣ϶ǿߵڵʱںʱ򣬳ӷͼʶˣ
ǵĳǽ֮ϣʱУˣ꣬Ϊ׵λϣǰĻ򣬸ڻǰǳˡ
ף⵽ô£
ʻ죬ƶĳҲƼһеļ̳ˡ
İǿôˣȥүүǡ
ǣϾȥףҲҪȥһ³֮ˣóдҡ
ţ֪ԼСһ㡣
˵ܣܣϡ
ã硣
ˣպֵܳʱǳߡ
곤ϣæ
ǳ˵ƶ˵ûʲô£ϻسȥˡ
໥һۣ˵С㣬û뵽Ҳڡ
ǰЦ
ڰѣǸòỹǵĹͰɡ
С⻰˵ģƼʲôʱǵĹѽǱ𣿡
ȷҵȷûǱ¡ڡ
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֮ϿʼҵıըըССĻһ㣬ȫȥ
ʱ޴Ļǳ֮䣬ͻȻһ⣬ٵγһţպþͱȾ޴Ļôһ㣬ң޴ĻҲպô֮ͨͨȴѾ޴Ӱˡ
˶סˣû֪⵽ô£ղǵǴġ
ô£ƶʵ
˵ƶ죬ӢҲ֪ô¡
ʦΪʲôӢʵ
ӢϱȥǰΪʲôҪ֣

ƣںӢǵϷγɣطҪ
˼û뵽Ȼᷢ顣ˣѾûڴ½ˣû뵽½ϾȻˣߣһ㶼ʣѽ
δ֣ȵ
Ӣʵǰ˼˭Упǰƥеĳǿߣ
ģֶֻ˵ðˣһǿߡ
⻰úӢǷǿԸλƥеģǿ϶쾳ĳǿˣǽҪ°ǣ鷳ˡ
ǣȥɣԵĻǲҪ֮ΪСס˵Ļһĳǿߣѡ
ǣˡ
ӢǰʱѾȫʧǴδֹƵġ
ǳȻǰǿߣΪβһ
ӢĻǳȫȻʲôǿߣǳ˳֮⣬еǿߣȫˣģͳˣ
ӢǵڸʲôղλǲǾǰ
ǲ֪Ҳûʸ֪ڣϷֻʶһǰλǿߣɡ


1335 ƽڶӡ
޴Ļͨ񷶦֮ţѾ˲񷶦֮ڣ
ͬһʱ䣬ӷ罫ǿһҲͷ˳޴ĻڻΪһ壡
ʱ񷶦ޱȣӷڵ޷ֿסǿȣǷǣΪҽӷҲܷΪԼΨһϣ⿪񷶦ڶķӡǾͲ֪Ҫȵ²ܵ϶쾳ˡ
ӷû̫ʱȥȣû̫ʱȥܶˣڵԼȥǵδǵȫϵԼһϣԣӷµĸеһУҪ㹻ʵػ
޴ĻѾڲ񷶦ɢ˿棬ȼŲ񷶦ÿһ䣬ӷҲѾ˲񷶦İУǿжסȣ˫ۿ·мλõĳֻҪսڻĻǾͿ̽䴩ϣ޷ս׵ӳǿԵֵסȵģԼܵ˺
ʱ䣬һֵַĹȥÿһӣӷ綼Ƕȹһ꣬ϵ·Ѿȫջ٣ϵƤҲɻɫΪ˻ɫһʼĽ
Լ֮⣬˵ֻ粻ͬˡ
ڣǿҵĻ沢ûóӷʧ񷶦ڵı⣬Ѿڻ˿ӷһϲڻı⣬·ϵֳ֮ʹļࡣ
˴ԼʮӵӣӷѾսϵıⱻڻһ룬汦ϵı⣬ҲѾڻһ룬óӷӵĻϲڵٴμǿһѣ˫֮У棬һսףһ汦飬ʹĳҵڳӷһ֮ȫڻ˿
ʱ̴սףȱסԼ˵򣬾̫ˡ
սףΪá
ǵļսѿ˺üλԶ˳ӷգ֮䣬Ѿ˳ӷϡ
ȻսףԼͺһɽս׻壬սԭ͵ģ񷶦ڵĻǿ󣬶޷ӷ˿˺
漴汦ҲѾȫڻɢǿҵĻ⣬Ȼ˲񷶦ڵĻ棬ʹĻʱʮ
ǿĻ棬ӣڶķӡϾҪӴˡ
ӷ˵汦ϣ񷶦ڳ֮ĵ֮⣬طı⣬ѾȫڻһУָȻǾŸԭΪ۵ԪںɫģϷޣٴλ˹޴УҲڲͣ·¯һͨеӣɢǿҵĽ⡣
ӷĽȥڵڶķӡǳ׽⿪ˣڵǣô
һתȻ汦ҲɢĻ֮ǲܽеĻ棬ȫ汦֮ڡ
ӷţͻأ汦ٵı󣬻˳ӷ֮ǰڵλã
񷶦ڵл棬ȫΧ汦Χ漴汦һ㣬񷶦ڵл棬ȫ˽ȥ
ʲôʲôѽǴ½ˣѵǴ½ԼһزɣӾްҹûԼǴ½ϣɽ
֮ĵڲ񷶦λã໥֮šӷ翴һ죬ܽķӡ⿪֮ΪԼõĻ˵ͿԿסʿˣϾʿǺڰƻģӷ粻ţû취סʿ
Ȼ֮ΪԼĵˣǳӷɽ񷶦ˣҲԲ֮ǿδӦĽɫѽ򣬽δûҪӡסˣֱ˾ǡ
ɣٴθоһ£񷶦
ӷ绺۾˫־ٹͷֻϷУ¡һ·׵磬ǿ֮ԴҲʱͨУ˲񷶦ңǰյҪǿܶ࣬ǳףʱϷǳ̣ӷԸоĵ֮ԴԼ񲻴κεķЧþ֣ǰ񷶦յ֮ԴǴ֮ģ֮ԴûнӴϵһ˿˵Ȼž޴˺յ֮ԴԭھǴ½ϵģǴ½֮Դ񷶦ͲҪͨȥգڴ½ϵ֮ԴѾϲеһУڣ壬˼˺
ȫ֮Դһܽ磬ֻ޷ڰˣ㣬ǸǰһϾԼ׽ĶҲܻԼȴԶԼֻҪԼΪϵյ֮Դͻӵǿ˵պ󣬲񷶦յ֮ԴȫԼڣȫΪԼã
ӷڴһĵ£ȴһµԼȥ
飬ҪģӷϲǷ˵ĶȻ񷶦ڶķӡѾ⿪ӷӵΪǿĵƣټľǴ½ӷ绹Ҫȥںʲô


1336 Ҳҵİ
еƬѾûһ㶯ˣѾֹͣҲû˿Ʈͷ·̶һλð㣬ھĵȴʲôƵġ
ɽµİȫڿƣѩڻĺˮȫеıȫָɽ
ſ񣬻İǵִϣҲѾ˰֮⣬ǳԡ
Ƽһеǣʱ˭Ҳû뿪ȫǳ
İߣӢƮͬһλãʦͽİǵʱ֣֮棬ʦͽı֣ǲҵģҲ֪Ҫ°ǣԼǲܵģֻǿִϣϿǳǿߣǳǿߣǺӢģ䲻֪Ӣõʲôǰħеĵһǿ߸ˣУҲİһԲԣʲô
ǹԻ֮ѽû뵽ȻǿߡǳƾǼԵֵסҵȣǸϽеλǿ߸ɡ
ӢѾ϶ڰУһǿߣ򣬸ղŵĻ򣬲ܻĪʧȻ˺Ӣ֮⣬ϷλǿߣҲǲҺ˵еĳǿߣΪͬġ
϶쾳ĳǿ߶սǾͲ°ôѽҪ֪ټľǴ½ϣ϶쾳ĳǿߣѾüδ¶ˣ죬һӳ£ض̵ʱڣ½ʱ⼸У壬ھų֮򣬶ܻ㳲ܻΰǸİǽ϶쾳ĳǿ۰Դ½ƴ֮һҲֵġ
һúƽ壬һŰǸİǶ϶쾳ĳǿߣİߵĻǰֻǿħޣôҲͻ뾡һа취ֹⳡѾδֵȷѪˣ
Ǵ½пܣΪհİ֮սƿʷΪӴսķ̣Ҳʱʼ
ǳˣĶӢе˼ԼǣʲôǿߣеĻĻҪ룬Ѿˡ
źӢ⻰˵ǳ˴½بǾ仰
䣬λػߣ´ңųһͳ
Ǳߣ֪ʲô£ȷˣ㣬ųǽ֪ȴˣܽһ̽ͬ㲻ľ飬ʮǰҲʼƶλãһòǳ롣
´ңųһͳѲɣبĻҪ𣿡
ǳţƶȴЦӢϷ˵ʲôҰǿɲİǣҪŸҴġ
ƶ죬СӣϷǰװߡǰûǿڣղһǰǣѾˡ
ȷղŵľ޴㹻ǸٵǣǾ޴Ļ򣬵ʲôطȥˡ
˵ϻİǸҲλ˫ͷһսɡ
Ȼߵǿ߲֣ӢҲû취
ӢҪһۣɲƶĻ˵ǰеǿߣǰǵĳ԰һǰѾʼչأҪͻʥ۷徳磬϶쾳磬ղ֮£ǰΪǾ֤ΪѾ϶ľ硣
Ȼǿ߲˵ʲôֻ֮ҪԼİĳǿ߲֣ǰǷǿߣӦòٲˡ
ǰȴƬ̣ҵǰЩһ
Ӣշǳ𾴵
ûһ
ӢԵ˵ٳȻ˫ǿ߶ڣҵȾһսɡ
áʦͷ󡣡
Ȼٳˡſ񣬱ٳִϣͽˡ
ǣϡ
ɽİȫڴҲѾȫ˳һʱ䣬˫ԣһսۿҪˡ
ڣ֮ʱңǲң
ӷǶˣ
ڿЦɡ
ҴӲЦһ֮İĻҾͿԱ֤һսǣǴ½
Ǵ½Ϊ˵ǺӢǸſҲ򲻹ѽ
ģһģֻҪվȥȻҾû˵ˡ
嵱֮ζ顣⣬ԼЩ궼ŬʵĹϵԼΪһֱ޷
˵ʵڻǣûпͷԸǻۣûʣܱסôãѾˣڻҪԼһˣİⲻڿЦ𣬲ҪԼȥ
ǲ£˵ԼСͲС
ôң
ҿ̼䣬㽫ޡҪסֻܰʱޣΪҲģŻ˵İˡ֮Ҿڰס
ף᲻̫ðˣ˵ˣֲ֪˵ǲģһʧˣɾ͡
ڻ㣬ӲܣҲǿҪ㣬Խãڣ˿ԵֵסǼһһǼһ֣ǣȮ


1337 Ƿ
ôҲȥһİѽһİˡǣӷ˵Ҳûνһƣȫǵ˶ˣǵԼôʲô˼㣬Ǹƶһġ
ǳѾеȫһսҲԼһһսˣˣǵĩգǲܰܣ㲻ΪǣΪԼļ壬Ҳܰܡ
ɾ͵ǳ˸ҪʱУһǿҵĺɫ׵ֱ£ǳȫˣǿ׵磬ʹǳ˿Ѫ϶Ͳǳֵܵסġ
Ӣû뵽λʱ֣֮ǰԼѾʹˣȻûӦǾӦǿԼ˽ִϸʰģڣһ׵ɼӢǽλ˼ˡ

һЦڴ֮ʣҲ˫ûκһ˳ܵסǿ
ǰΪΣ
Ӣ´ţλһЦҪǵӣԼİǵҲŹˡ
Ӣ֪ΪɻʲôղѾ˱Ĺأڱû֮ǰȻţѵΪҪİǣܵõҪĶڣֻǸһ棬ЩСɫ֪ЩǴ½ϣڱУֻЩϰˣҪǾ;Իˡ
¡һ׵̾ͷӦ˹ӣԼİǽλƢ̫ˣ浱ǷһصĴѽû˼λǰ飬Ҳ˵а֮λĻһĴħͷɱ˲գ۵ĴħͷƢϲŭɫָʲôʱ򣬾ͽŭˣŭ֮ˣûʲô³ġ
ǰϢŭղŵȷʦĴδõǰţʦǰǸ
㵱ԼʲôݣʲôʸǸҲû̫·ϣֻЩϣڱǰǲҪˣʲôۣ³ǾԵˣھǸɣҲѾˣ԰棬Ҫʰǣʲô¡
Цһͽǵִȫˣ˵û˿ˣܽµĻİǣҲûʲôΪˣ
лǰǰлİϢҵ°֮ǰл
Ӣ˿ӣպλǰҪһСˡ
ˡϷǰɱɱǣһ
ǣϡ
İȫǰɰߣȴûһеؿӵˡ
ҵɫ԰ףѵԼǵĩ
ڿٵתţҪ취ӹһ٣Ͼһӣǰ˵ʲô취
֮ǰѾгӷıӣȫʱ˵һҲǺˣ
ҶţƴҲҪ赲ˡ
ȫȥ˵˵ԵӴƣʶģȻˣһǡ
ǽ㣬ʲôˡԴ󺰵ǻƮԭأİƣǵһģǡ
ˣһˣǾûϣˣ
ǹǰ˿չɣԵˣǿˣȫˣһˣһҲη壬ѵŴĵʶ
ĵӻ治С
ӷ磬˵ǲģܰ𣿡
ֻҪȥҾܰ㡣Ҳ˵ֻܰףܲŻˣǻҪϷòá
룬û취ˣֻһƴˡ
еƸҪȥʱ·ͻȻۼһǿеƶʱͣ
Ȼǿߴڣ˼ʵ˼뿴ǵǿߣǿһôĵز
Ҳȫֹͣǰÿһ˵˫ۣȫһ˵ϣҲһ˸ҵԼİǰ棬ңǵΧǿڿٵľۼ
ǣôܣ
ʮǰѾˣʱֻһǾûŻذˣǸϵڵǣѾħ޵Ķˡ
ԭ͸ԼеǣôܻۼǿţߣҲȫɵۡ
ôܣô¡ǣѵ
ƶûӰеȥոճֵǿȻȫۼǵΧѵ˵ղźӢ˵ǿߣԼǸͲڵǿߣǡ
үүǽô
ǳҲƣҡͷ
һİΪ˱еˣΪ壬죬˭Ҳǰ벽
ǣƾһ˵赲ǣ¸ղŵĳԾٳԾҲһǣֱ̬ܽĵز
УڵСѾͷۼʶһ£ڰڵǿߣղŽĻߵǿߣǿһôĵز
ʲôղǾ޴ĻߵģҲ̫˼˰ɡǣ˭֪ǵΪѽôܻʲôǿߣ
ǣ׼ھ̼䣬㽫Ϊ𡣡
塭
·֮Դȫ߾ۼ˹ȫΧǵΧ
ƶɵ۵ĿڵǣʥƷѾͷʥƷľôô̵ʱڣһ𡣡
ƶԾ꣬ǰճӷ˵ӣ֮Դӵǿ
ʥƷ
֮Դۼĳ̶ȣ˿ڵǣΪѾʥƷľ硣
ô£
Լе˼飬ΧԽԽǿˣǿԼͳܲˣԼܲ˵ȴƫƫԼ޷κε˺Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ӷЦô£Ǵ½ϣδйɣ
ȷ£Ǵ½ϣǰûйڣˡ
ʥƷʲôڰʥƷֻҪЩһ϶ΪͲˡ
ǣ滹һ϶쾳ĳǿߣǿ½϶еѽ
磬һû취ӦǴ½ϣӦÿ԰ĵ
ĵĵʲô
ʥƷ
ʥƷ
ʥƷ
ʥƷ
ӷò񷶦ֱӽؼһ֮Դۼ˹ͬĵǵ֣ԭֻʥƷǣֱʥ۷ľ硣
ˣ˵Ⱦ磬ԼҲûԹѽ
ȷӷԼûԹû뵽һν˵ȵزǰһոʶŮˣһŮˣ
ǳԼ۾ָо˵ʥ۷徳磡ѾͷʲôʱΪʥ۷徳磿
̫˼ˣǽȻǿΪʲôǰû˵
û˵ûУܶˣСԼν̣Ϊĳһտһˡ
ӣǰʵ̫СˣҲ̫Сˡ
壬һ֮ǿߣ㣬Ǵ½ͬģû뵽죬һУȻֳһǿߣ
У֮ڣ
СѾͷܲ𣬾Ȼʥ۷徳硣ҲûãѵΪʥ۷壬Ϳ𣿡
˵ʥ۷壬ȷǰ϶쾳ĳǿߣڣİǲŻ˵Ű衣ͻСԭâ̫¶ɼȻǰ춼ǸƳˣٲվĻҰǣҪΪǴ½ϵʷˡǰָˡ
⻰Ȼǳӷ̵ģȻһһͬʱӷ̽ò񷶦ȫ˳
⣬ǡ
Ϸڵǿ߶ǴΪԾȫأ·
϶졭ħ֮ǣ벻ߴͽ̡


1338 İ˱
òϣǵĵʶ治һĴ֪ԼӵеǼǣǳӷ׵ģɸĿŵսħ֮
˵ӷԽ񷶦Ǵ½޾֮ԴκˣԼ֮ڣΪ϶ľ磬ҲǵһѽϾӷ籾ΪҪ༸ԼΪҪģħ֮ΪҲ֪϶ĵڼ죬ӷҲֻǽڱϵΪ˶ȷһ£ӣİħ֮ߣû뵽ǾȻӴģֱȥսħ֮ɾóӷͷʹˣ
˵Ůǲɵģ׸㻹ȥսһ϶쾳ĳǿѽǲǻĲͷˡûϵɱңһڱ˸ʶˣңҲ鷳ġ
ڳӦûɵ˰ɣرħ֮һٵ϶챻ʶˣȻᱻ֪һʲôڱǣĻеĳӷ磬һ鷳ģʱ˶עϣӷðͣ챻˸ţʱȥΪ
ھȻһ仰Ҳ˵ûӷ˵ƵģӷӽֻûֱӴӲ񷶦ڳˣ
϶죡ⲻܣǵΪʲôʱ򵽴϶쾳磡
ƶڳΪŵһǣҪš
ЩЩϵĴѹ壬ΪûǿߣֻʣһŮˣԼôô棬±˵лĻͽ
ڣǾȻ˵棬Ϊ϶쾳磬˵ʲô˵ԼǰǸɵ˼ҿ϶쾳ĳǿѽԼȴϵȥѹ˼ҡ
룬ǰһס϶쾳ΪʮһٸƼ壬Ҳġ
ƶ죬ӣӣ⼸ˣȫɵۡ
ڰǳǽ֮ϵҲǡ
ǲۻˣС𣿡
ûС㣡
ΪѵǴ˵е϶쾳磿
⻹ҪûİһҲҶСȻֱսλǿߣ˵λǿ߿ǰħ֮ѽʧħִ֮½û뵽һͬΪ϶쾳ĳǿߣ£ǰоˣ
Ұѽ֮壬ٳһλ϶쾳ĳǿߣǷ۾ųǶûеĴѽС㣬պ󣬿˭Ұǡ
ǽȫ֮˶ķǳںʲô
С꣬Сꡭ
ǳڵıҲǺܺÿųģЩҲϵİ壬û뵽ԼųǣЩȻص֮Ϊǵ˴˵е϶쾳磬Щһֱ̣ʲô˵ģΪ壬Щı֣Ҳ̫˵㣬ѹҲҿģǽ췢飬Լ֪ҪǸأ
ǽʵ̫ˣǿǴСһ𳤴ѽȻǣΪ϶쾳Ҳǡ
ںǣԼƭˡ
ҵ˫ۣѾ¶׹⣬׹ֵĿ죬ȥҲ졣
ǼĺѽǰǳһλǿߣİǱߣͲ̫ˣ
ҵķӦǳ죬õĻ˵
ȴе㲻ԾԼʶô꣬ûʲôԾĵطҲûʲô֮Ϊ岻˼һУ˵϶ľ磬Щα˵ίأ
ԣһ⣬ǵϣһʲôΪ֪ܡ
˫һתͻȻ뵽ǸİСӣôңҲҲӷˡ
ʲôطȥˣ
û˵һ仰룬Ҳ˵ֻܵȥˣԼĹ۲죬ǵԸ˵ʲôĻԼһܿġ
ӢȥҡͷԼ۾
ⲻܣʮǰʥƷľ磬ͱɱôŶ̶̼ʱ䣬ΪͿ϶ľ硣
Ӣ˵ٳڲ˵̫࣬ѾͷΪ϶쾳磬Ѿû˿ˡǲĶ֣ǰ°ɡ
ϷѾ֮У仯Ϊһ޵״
ħ֮ûͺ±˷Ƶġ
СѾͷû뵽ССͣȻԵ϶ľ硣
ǰҲǱǰƵģǰİҰǵĻһӣܲὫӳ
⻰ʲô˼ѵ϶쾳磬ܶ𣿡
â¶һ˵ľǼ¡ǰ֮ᡣ
ʲô֣
ǡ
ǣ񽣸ʲôϵ
档
ѹˣԭϼһѹ϶ľ硣뱾񽣣Ҳ֮Ե죬ñʶһ£񽣵ֶΡ
ˣ鷳ˣֻҪħ֮һ֣ʲôˣǣ̼䱻ɱ
֣Ȼ֮صġ
ӷǶ
䲻Ҳɵѽ֪Լ϶Ǽٵģħ֮ǲ
ѾزٲվĻҰҲͳˣϣˡǲТҲܲļѵˣΪҰǣΪ壬ֻ϶쾳磬ħ֮һս
ôһ˵ħ֮侲ʵ񽣣Щʲôѵ
Ҳǰ뿪֮ǰ֪У˴ﵽ϶ľ磬ǸʱҲǷâ¶ԣ¼ѵҪ͵ˣС£ȰƣֻסԼҵһݼҵ½һеķȥ롣ǡ
ʲô
ǺУͬʱ˵϶쾳磬򣬾ֻ۵һСС塣
⻰ǳҲȫˡ
ѹΪƽǲɽ¶ˮģѹƨһԭǲңµļѵǲ
ħ֮ѾȫʧҲóӷһ
ŮˣҲĻϹĳӣŮˣǿϣԼðհһѡ
ܺãϲЩТĵѾͷܶԱθڡ֮£գȻսһսͱɡ񽣵ϣ͸һʱ䣬ȱ´μٰʱҪɽ֮սϣǸʱ壬ֵܹڶ϶쾳ǿߣûгֵڶҲˡ
ħ֮һת˵İ֣˱
Ҫ˵ȴӢֹסˣ˵δһǣΪεıȻȥպ취ǡ
εĵ˵ͷλˣԼǸղŵĽѵ͵ǰࡣ
ǣˣ´Σǵûôˡ
֮ǰһЦ󺰵һǣʲôƨǿ󣬻ҪһŮˡǰǵˣͳͳǷ


1339 һս
оˣȻָԭƽƽ˵Եĺܲˣ
ǳأѾŸΪһ壬֮⣬ǽ֮ϣȫվˣڣеľŶվÿһ˵ŰɫѩѩǰǵزͬʱҲŸ߹󣬿ָ߹Ǵӱõѩ֮ˣҲ˵Ҫѩ͵Ƿǳǳĵ֣ܴŸ߹ݣ
ǣԴγλڣûһˣʸȫѩʸˣڳˣ˻ǳҲǳĺѡˣһƽﱻѹСѾͷˡ
վڰ⣬ѩ꣬ӳǽʹոձڻ˻ѩѩǣһΣһİɫ
ǳȫվ󣬵ûһ˵ģÿһ˵飬˵ܸţ֮ˣҵģ֮ˣȻƼǼ
ǽı֣νһˣʥƷľ磬һӣͻƵ϶쾳磬ǰħ֮û׶֣ɼ϶쾳ĳǿߣͬȼĳǿ߿⽫ܵġ
ƶĳǲˬ˫ۿѾɱ⣬ڣҲҪ֪֮ҪɱǣǰҲԣڣѾûǸˣǰҲû֣ȻǱƻǽͷģԼ
磬ɩ˵ڻǲǽѣ
⻰Ҹ֪ôشˣ
ѽԼǴСһ𳤴ʲôģһ֮⡣ڣգۼͳΪ϶쾳ĳǿߣΪȰǵŮӢۣݸλǰȣ֮ǳҪ֣οԼСɫء
װģӦûǰǰɣôţǲΪʵ⣬ģ
⻰˵ģÿǲ֮ǰ飬ԿѾˣɿȴˣԶǡ
ɩأ
Цһ˵ˣǻģʲôʱʼ䣬Լ֮⣬˭Ҳ֪ԣͻСкܶ飬ܶˣǰҶ˵ģڲͬˣڽ˶£Ҫ༸ۣԼ֮ˣȫţ
ԻΪ˵ǣ˵ģǽ㲻ˡ
Ҳ֮ͣˣȻĳ
ǳԱ̾˿ݺݵһۣҲ֪ԣ̽͵ղҲֻӰˣɲҪ
ӣ֮䣬Ƿ˵ʲôᣬҾãĹϵʱ¿һѽ
۲΢ĿԿµĿû뵽Լδ򣬶͸Ƿ飬һӣҪҵıɱΣƭˡ
һǳŮˣΪǳͽܣҽģǽ԰ûҷκιϵҲΪǳĹϵƴӣȻѾ֪һôˣͻΪԼĽ㣬֮ˣԶܻһˡ
ܸܲϷһӣε͵ûǳ˵
ʦѾӣǿϣղţͲսˡ
Ļû˵ǳĳսǣɱ޳ܵļһ
ǳһһ˵ԣԺԼҪҪ绹пһ𡣡
Ϊʲôѽүү
Ҫô࣬үүľΪá
Ҹ˵ǳתһ⣬˵棬Ƶ湻ġ
үүҴˡ
һ֮£Ȼǳϴ

֣ǳˣֱӷǣҲûӦ
ƶǰ˵ǣΣǴ¶ˡϷϣܼסԼ˵Ļ壬ȨҲơ
ȫȥˣҲֻǶһЦ˵һ乧ϲĻȻ֪Ƕ˵ЩʲôԽˣ
վŸͷǣ֮ˣȴ֪ղ飬Ϊǳһ⣬Ǵܡ
ҹӭǰǵһǿߣСǡ
ǽ֮ϣ漴ѩҲȫ˳
һʱֲ˵лл֮⣬ʲô֪˵ˣ
Ƽ壬ƶѾڵжҳ˷飬ڵϣѾĸƨƵġ
үүǲʲôѽѾͷһ֮ڣȫǣԲʲôġ
ȫǣҲ̫Сһ϶쾳ĳǿ˰ɡȫǣֱ½Űɣ⼸֮ڣֳУо巽棬һдǰġǣһսԴˣƼ壬һƥеǿߣͲڰ㣬δĳ֮ѡҲѱ
ֻһ˲䡣үү£ͽҰɡ
˵ƶСӣƺХ
ܣа𣿡
磬ѵ㻹˵ΪҵȷûߣҪˣϵڶ˭ϵһ
ûƺХôһˣΪڰһľŴŵԶʤֳ˵Щƶ죬ƶӸӣƺХĶ֡
Ǻã£ͽХˡֽŸɾһ㣬˻ɵƼͷ
үүģ֪ô


1340 ͹
˶һͬ㣬߾Ͱݣ׾Ͳȣĸ磬ͬһ㲻Ķɣ˵һЩ߲м׾Ԯֵˣˣĺˣɺˣûʲô³ģһǿݺ磬ˣУǰҪžԵʵֻȱ˵ķݣκˣԶȲ㣡
壬֮ǿߣҵ䣬һһڴϣһʵ΢˵ǰеļȨƼ壬һЩͨˣû嵱һˣΪЩסģֻ񽣣Բ壬ȻʲôûˣǺαػ䵱ǰеһ
òгֵط˵ɣƼȴڣȥˣԴۣкܶǲǮģһǲңΪһأϾڵ˿ԹŰȵģƼЩڡ
Ѿû壬ȥгˣܶʱ򣬶ܵ˵ۣȻԶһĬĬ֮ǾԲ˶ôɼȻļֹһ񽣣ĺãӦõģĲãǾܣǣǰǹϵ֮м֪Ϊ壬ΪԼˣ嵽ڶûг߽⣬ģѾܲˡ
νʮӶʮʵ۶ģޱȵǿʢû䣬԰İһս֮Ľ죬ڰ˵ĿУһ£ǱǣҰǣ֮ٳһλ϶쾳ĳǿߣһŮˣһͲŮˣŮˣļ̳ˣǣ
ǻȮѽԭ岢Ͽȥǰû䣬ǿһֱţΪģļѵû϶쾳ĳǿߣȨƣҲֻܳԶķչȥ
֮⣬ƽﶼģ˭ֻܵûļ죬ǸյſڣڼſڣѾΧ˳ǧˣ͸ſһˣжѩȴǴʤ顣
쿴Сˡ
һӵϣʱͽǸΧ֮ڣһЩҳȫ˳òװǡɱһ·ȴûнţվڼſڣ˵лҵ⣬ҵѩʵڲҽܡ
ûΪεͷԵǻǸǰһΪ֪Լûʲô϶ľ磬ֻǳӷİ˲֪ʲôķԼһѣԼ˳ŸĻһܱ˷ˣԼ壬ͻ֣֮
С㣬ô꣬ǴܵİǵĹһеվΥǰļѵİȫǵˣѩӦõġ
Ҳ֪˭ͷ˵˳ȫ飡
ѽ˵ǰħִ֮½ˣλİˣСħ֮ѹסɼʵѾΪǰǵĵһǿߡǰֻҪСڵһ죬˵һİǣǰ˳ˣָһǣҲõˣΪ񽣵ѽ壬϶֮ġ
ǿЦǰԼôûĻѽЩˣǽͷݣߵģڸͲ˼ǵʲôƼˣֻǵһ塣
ָоǳˣȴܱ¶
Ϊǵһӣ£ȻҪվġȻҶ֪ļѵǾ벻ҪΪˡ
С㣬˵ǰµļѵǣҪ϶쾳ĳǿߣſȨơڣСѾչ¶Ϊʣ͹ӵΪһôľ磿
Ȼ˶Ѿ嵱磬µĹͣһΨһжͣȻҲͳΪעĶ
˵͹Ѿѹˣ֪ǲģ
ѽ͹ӴһͻڴͻȻ˹ǲСͰź˵ġʵ壬ͲСһ϶쾳ĳǿߣ͹Щڴǲһӣʵ͹ʮ꣬һֱΪΪֵһôľ磿
˶ţ϶쾳ĳǿߣԼǾҪưԴ½Ҳûܵġ
˵ͣǿɾˣԼĵܵܣûѹǸѹģǸٵģȴ˵ʵԼԼ
ʱڣ߳һˣһ۵꣬һͷĶ̷ⷢͣǣǴ½Ȼͬ
վſڣһʣһһ֣ͼһߣʵʲôԸ
˶ʮˣ֪Ǹʲôӡߣӵתת
ǹӣСոմʤȫǵ˶ǲǡ
ôϻ
ǳӷ磬ҲǼð͡
ӷԸ񣬱ֲɽ¶ˮģһսԼðͱضΪעĶ󣬳ӷɲɵΪ˲Լ鷳㹻ʱȥҲֻܽܵһ棬չ˵ǰˡ
ӷǰߵߣڶһСӣʲô
˵㣬ôѽȫˣҪţһķȫ⣬ʲôӡ
ӷһ𲽣װģģŲҽţһĻɵۡ
ѽ
λ͹ӣȻ˵ǰˤ˸Ľų죬⣬ʲôѽ
һŸ
ǣǡӣû°ɡ
Ѿˤһθӿ
˷׷
λ͹ӣ
԰ɣôѽ
ǣʲôǿߣǸһΪûеͨ𡣡
˰죬ԭǻȮѽλ͹ӣԭǸǶ´ˣ壬һ϶쾳ĳǿߣʲôưԴ½ûϣˣ

һֻƹһԴС
ӷȥûᣬ˶֪ǸͲעˣ֮Ҿ㹻ʱΪˡ
ǼȥǴƹӣҪ޹
˼εⶼʲôʲôѽմʤ飬ܵܵģȴڳ󣬻Ҫ޹УģģΪˣǹģˣ
ǼˣԼۿҪӷСӸˣ
ι뺦ѽ
㣿ʲôˣλ϶쾳ĳǿߣҸġ֮ǰȣ飬һ㣬ţܲܽŷչȥˡֻǸͣϵһз޹أ


1341 Ķ
ɵ磬йǣһֻƹܣ󻹸һȺڣǾǺ䶯ȫĴ¼ЩὫϣȻһ˵ݸȫȻ˵йִǹŴĻˣˣһʲô˼ңʲô壬Ƕһ͵ġ
죬Ǵ½İڣӷͰһض٣ǣһƹʮҳεţ
ɳӷΪ˵Χۣȴûٽעλðʹӵˣ
ð¶ɲʲô˶ģδԼðӾްҹڻ֮˷ˣ񣬳ӷССľǴ½ڣҲðһ˵ݣֻϣʱǸѹҪԼźãԼĻʱȥΪѽ챻˷

ƹŽֱߵһС̯ӣ˼Χˣȫ˿
̫ˣȻǣڽŻˣôѵСӡ
ֵܣǧ嶯λ͹ӣ
ʲôͲ͵ģ˵
֣ò᲻֪ɡǿһΨһжѽС׵ܵܡİڣС㣬ǵһǿߣԼб´һ϶쾳ĳǿߵĻֵҾͲֹȥѵλ͹ˡ
˵ɶСӾͣ
Ȼ
ôѽСòױסǰǣ嵱֮͵ı֣Ҳʵ̫񻰣̫С˰ɡ
Ҽбľѽ˭֪λ͹ӻ˶ʮ꣬Ϊⶼⰲŵģʵ͹ڰŬΪǰ죬Сչֳ˾Եʵ֮壬ܻһλ϶쾳ĳǿߣȴϡ壬治֪ʲôȻôһ
ˣҶ˵һɣ⻰СУǶ鷳
İ˱ѾˣӷΪ˲עԼûпʼΪǣֻƹתģֻûֱתǱȥˡ
˵ӷûнǣҲǴԭסĵطҲ¹ڳûټ֮ǰԱýǰ벽ģ⼸ìܣᣡǱߣһһƼǼķۣǵһУӷλð͹ӣҲ춢ţҲǳӷΪʲôҸҪԭ
ڣ죬ǱߵļѾ϶ӷðͣǸҷϣͲܳΪκεвΨһǲвģһǰˣ
ʵ֤ӷһУõģֻƽ˶ȥǰһս󣬳ӷͿԾŬΪˡ
ʱ򣬴ƹļУĳӷҲһ
ѽζôŹ
תȥӷȻһСԵ̯ӣ̯Ķըġ
ɣǴ½ȻҲ
Ǹոճ¯ĶӷǣŴƹ˹ȥ̯ϵĿˣλʹӣȫԶԶĶ㿪ûκ˸ȥ
𣿡
ӷըһʵͷϴŲΪɫ˫֮Ͽɼһ̵ˮݣɫΪƣⶼͶɵѽ
곤ģ㲻Լʮ߰ӣһͷ΢ɫ㷢һң̯ϣһæš
ӺãҪԵʲôըб
ը
ӷһ֣е˼˵ӸպöӶˣɡ
빫Եһ£ըǰ漸˵ľ͸ը
ҪӵȡСѾͷ֪˭𣿡
Цȫ˭˲֪˭˲ѽСĵܵܡ
Ȼ֪ӵݣ㻹ҽбӵȣ
ӣѾ˵ˣСĵܵܶѡ
ѣ
ӷ֮ǰûŮе˼⡰ѡ֣˵ʲôˡ
ѽǾǴ½ǰǣصģǿߣһһǴСӣͿǳʣ˭ѽ㣬˵㣬㣬ǸСӡ
ãǳá
ӷɫ΢һ£ŮʵСĵܵܣҲܷġ
ȥˣֻϲѣɲǶˡȸŪɣӵȵȾˡ
ȣһȣȻǰ죬磬ֱӵϣԣŮûӷըԣںųӷء
㲻Ǿʹɡ
ֱ̯ӷʵ̲סˣȴǷŭǺЦ
ʲô֣
Ķ
һ£ӵĳԵأ
˼ˣ硣
˰죬汾ء
ĶЦ֪ѽ
ǰɣӷЦʵ
ЩˣҵĶ֡
Ŷ
ӷ˵Ȼȥɡ
䣬գۼ䣬һ˶ûˡ
ЩˣɲųӷϹתҲѾӷˣģֱ𣬼Ȼߣǻж졣
ӣǺܲ
ӷҲ˵һ豭ĺһѾ˵Ĳ裬˵ǲĶ֣ӣԼΪǺˣ
ȥɡ
ȥ£豭Ӳסɡ
ӷ罫һĲ豭ֱӳĶ˹ȥֻ豭ΧĶת˼ȦĶһ֣Ҫץס豭ȴϣ豭ֱӱΪһŻ棬ΧĶת
⼸֪ˣֻҪһڣϣûˣˣȫؼҸĻȥˣΪȥˣԣûܾ㡣
㣬ʲô𣿡
𲻵Ļ𡣻˵ΪˡĶǰɣãΪҪɱĻ㻹ܻ𣿡
ΪҲֻʲôⲻܣôо˿Ϊһ֮ԴûУ
ѽ˵ӣֻǸˣܶʱ򣬷ɱεġ
ĶʥһƷľ磬㣬ӷͿˡ
⼸ųӷЩˣҲ۷ľ磬ȻĶĶ֡
ڳӷ磬Ϊ͸ˣƷľ磬Ǵ½ϣˣʲôʲôӲҪ˵һʲôĻǾװͣװʱϣʱǿκ˶壬Ҳ͸
ʥһƷѣһ֮ڣӾͿɱ㣬ţš
ɱң㡭
ž
ӷ˲һָһգۼ䣬ѾĶǰССĻ棬ҲѾͣ˳ӷ֮С
ٴ󣬾޴󡣡
¡
ССĻ棬ʱΪһ޴ĻǿһȻԽһʥǿ߸ˣ汦ӵеĻȴԡ
ԴӲ񷶦ĵڶӡƽ汦飬Ҳʾֻгӷܸоӷ绹汦һȴά̫á
㵽Ǽٷ
Ķ⣬óӷúЦ
ʲôٷģ͵ݣǼٵģʣʲôҲܼðģ


1342 
һ壬һ֯һ˵ǿֻǶݵǿ󣬾ͬһǰ㣬תۼţ񽣣һܺõӣʧ壬һֱû
ǵ飬ӷѾһ룬ڣʱһˡ
⼸Ĺ۲죬Щңû䵽һôĵλǶǲ벻ʵȴǲôأЩˣǱ˵Ǹð϶쾳ǿߣǸģ̫ã
ӷΪ忼ǵ㣬Ҫģǰ壬һǱ£ЩȵʱΪҪ̫ߣھһʱ֮ȫǿΪΪǿӲĺܣֻ壬ſԽǣʶ½½ϵһָ£
ĶֻǸֱСѾͷ˵ˣױ˺ԵģҲҪʲôˡ
ڳӷһۼĶʱ͸оѾͷ治ôأȴ͸¶һֲĺݾȲ˵ģƾ֪ӷð͹ӣϷˣ֤ѾͷĵʶˣǿЩȨƵļ塣
ȻΪҪģΪĶĳԵģóӷԼļ磬֡
Ķ֣еƣóӷǸСС;ͱԼܲλõӣ
񣬳ӷѾһˣҲֵ΢ƣʱصųӷ磬磬ֻԼһվˣԼҪٶ뿪صԭԼȥǸ磬ܶڵԼˣѣͬʱҲĵˡ
ֻһ䣬ĻǾ籾Ӹղ˵һ֮ڣɱ㡣
ɱ֣ӷǰͲţҲûңԶ׷󣬵ԴӼʶ˸׳۵ľʵ޵еʵ֮󣬳ӷ֪ԼҲʱؽκһ˸ɱĻԼǾԵĳǿߡ
Ķųӷ˫ۣ˫еŵŵִżϵ񣬾ǰλ͹ӣ⼸Լ˵Ĳ̫һ
ղֻɺϰˣб£һսһ֮ڣҶɱ㡣
˼ѾͷеԸǺãӾ͸ģǲң
㶼ˣʲôҵġ˵ôġ
һУ֮ڣ˱ӵ֮ĵһһУ壬һҲˣڱӲе¡
С

ĶɲаӷҲ̫˰ɣԼΪ֮ѽԼоӷ˿ģʣôӮԼ
ûо춯صĳУҲǼΪǿģʥһƷľ磬˵ǿǿ˵ҲԲ
Ķһӷʱȴ֣ǰСӣȻʧˡ
ιء
ôܣ
ĶȻתӷ粻֪ʲôʱԼĶһ̨תϵĽӷ硣
Сˡ
Сӣ㡣
Ǿվ򡣡
ӷһһ͸ĹĶʮзȴӷı߶
ʮУ̫ˣٿġ
̫ˣѾǵʮˡ
㣬ˣҸƴˡ
ʮУٿ㣬ٿ㡭ʮУʮСһС

ӷڵʱ˳񷶦γһǿҪټʮʥ۷徳ǿ߲ſγɵû뵽ӷһоļһȻһ֮ͳǿ
ĳ֣ӷ֮ǰ˵֮ĶһҲˡ
㣬ô쵽ģ
Ķվӷʮ֮⣬Ǳһ޴ɽѹס㣬˵Ƕˣ˵Ǽѡ
ôСѾͷֶλɣ㣬ˡ
ϻǲ񷶦汦ģ˭Ĳѽ˲ĻµǣҲ͸ûˣ
ԣӷ۸ˣ۸ˣΪ˻ǵ飬۸һСѾͷҲû취ˣ
ûˣ㣬ҲֻǿЩֶӮҵġ
ӷ罫ȥ˵㵽˵˵ʲô
㡭
СѾͷһΡҪסӮӮ䣬κνڡǿݺһͷӵžʵʨӵĻǾٽƻĺ꣬þһеıֶΣֻǿʨǰǸơ
ųӷ˵ЩĶ׵ɵۣǸ͹Ҳ˵ֶΣ˵ЩԼǴδģǾˣ֮ˣô˵ĳĻ
ǰ͹ӣĶڲǳķڷˣʲôֻЩǷļһķ˶׼˵㲻Ƿʲô
ˣ˵ɣҪʲô
ֻڸ㿪ЦѵҪʲôɣҪҪҲͬѽˣ첻ˣһؼϴϴ˯ˡ
ǰĳӷˣʩвǾǴ½ǵˣһ磬˵ķȻҪı䡣˵ˣҲոԼģǰյģԼûҪ̫£ĶԸҲᵱʲô¶ûһܵȥԼģ
һ£ι㣬һ¡һȥġ
ȻĶ汻ӷ׼ˣ
ڶ죬塣
һ˹֮ڣһ˶ûУӷһϣڣڷڣҲûȥųӷ硣
ǣ˵ʵ죬㵽ô쵽ģ
֪Լģİ˱֮󣬿͸˵£ʱҲöʲôֻǵĶ˵ǡ
ôһѽҸأ
ٸһסңʱǲڰа㣿
ңûûѽ
ǲǳӷСӣ
ô֪
ȻҲˣСӣ⡣
죬ֱӸ˵˳ڿɺˣ˽⿭Բ˵µġ
Ǵ£ɲҪ˵ѽ
ģôܻẦ㡣Ҫңʱ׷ʲô£ͻȻ֮Ϊ϶쾳ĳǿߣǳӷСӰģôģ
Ҳ֪Ҳ˵ֻǻһ飬˵ֻһͣһУ޹ء
Ȼʲô֪ӣֻȥˡ
һģ˯˯áⲻǿСôôܹˡҲˣȥ޹ȥǼġ
վסӷ磬㵽ʲôˣҪǲ˵ͱȥ


1343 鷳
Ҫߣ˭סˣƵһģλѣС㡣
ӷ粻ŲæŮˣɫŮһҲգ
ӷԸ񣬴ὫνŮϣһ˵ԼŮ̫ˣǺܶŮ˳ӷ¡
νϧҲҪʲôˣô£ʱȥϵĳһŮˣǳǻ֮⣬ɵϣˣŮ˵
νɫͷһѵѵӷӲмԼͷϡ
ǣӷ粢ģŮ˲ϻеصκˣκεв㹻в˵ʱ
ɿͬŮ̫ҵδޣڶһô̬ȣӷ綼ȥ
ǰ飬ǶѾˣҲѾ֪֮ܳΪ϶쾳ĳǿߣڱֽšں֪㾿ô쵽ģϣʲôǿһ̼䣬Ϊ϶ǿߵġԼһôľ磿
ò˵⣬ʵص㣬ûκεķϻЩĿģ֪ӷ絽ʲôˣʲôط
ӷ粻ɵЦһ˵ĹɣܿƵģǵ϶ľ磬ҲԲܽοãã档
ʵ֮⣬㲢ˣ
ҸѹʱѾˡҲˣֻϵһͰˡ
Ҽˣ˵ʲôģ˵ǵĳӷѹʱʹ뻷жԶû
Ȼ֪磬ҵ飬ǲҪʡҵΪԤƵľȻ뿪Ҳϣ뿪֮ǰԱ뿪֮գǵ֮ʱ
ȻǿųӷİæܳΪǿߵģӷһ죬ǾͲ£һӷ뿪ˣðĳǿ߾ͻ̱⣬ʱ壬ˣһ
ǵɫķǳѿԼѾﻢˣ˶֪ԼǿߣͻȻһֱΪһʥƷ磬ǵʱᷢʲô£֪
㲻ߣԶߣĳΪǿߣȻǰǺ
˵һҲûǺ
Ҳܣֻ˵Ҫһ飬Ѿһˣһ룬Ҳᾡ컹ġԼܷ뿪֮ǰһٵıģţȻֹһ񽣣Ƕ٣µ㶫ġʲôҲʣҲûĹϵǾԼǸ㶨ɡ
ӷ磬˵ô࣬㻹ûиңΪʲô磬ôǵģ
ҵΪʵڲѽƷѡ
˵һƷԴߣôܰһʥƷԴߵ϶쾳磬⾳Ǽٵģɵʱӵеȴǰٷ֮ٵģǰħ֮Ҷ
˵С㣬Ҫ̫ˡΪֻħǲҶ𡣡
ѵǣ
ҵʱ϶죬ҲֻǵһˡҵĹ۲죬ֻħ޵Ϊǵ죬ʣôܲҶ֡ȻȻ֪ΪʲôҿԺܿ϶ĸ㡣ֻħޣˣǲ֣Ǹ֡
ˣ
ûǷǳصˣ˵ڣ޷ֳΣ϶쾳磬Ҫһǣǻ̼¡涼û¶֤Ӧ壬·棬
һ£˵ȷʱҵΧвǿ֮ԴҲܸоħ֮֮Դڵʱ֮ϡ˵Ϊʲôܷӳ˵
ӷ˵Щģʱ仹룬ôȥӦ㵱ʱǳսɡ
ѽʱսħ֮ħ֮˵񽣵ϵʱ֣һս綼Ҫġ
ӷ磬ģǾҪʰ̯ӡڲħ֮ʦոңİ֮⣬۶棬ѾɳʹҰǣΪģǰݼһһĳǿߣʱ۶鷳ģǵΪǼٵģһǷ֣Ǿ鷳ˡ
ʲô˵۶Ǽǣʹߣ
ûѾ·ˣ֮ھͻᵽڱչأ֪飬е飬ƶ츺ãƶʱһᷴ۶Ǽ̽ģⲻгǣƶ첻ҪκεĹ˼
Ǹô죿
ô죿λõܵܰɡ
ڴ˿̣˽
С㣬
˭Ҳ
أȲ˵ħ֮һսʲôʱ£۶͹鷳ˡ
ˣǣȰ㻹Ǽ˰ɣҲˣΪһ
ʵģ
ǰɣһֱСԵѾͷ
֣ڶʲôʱˣиСѾͷ
ǧҪСЩƽﲻ۵ˣҲĳһ죬Щ۵ˣͿһɳ죬һˡңҰѡǲģѾͷǱǼ֮ϡ


1344 ؾ
ڣĶԱߵĵϣˮѾĶһҲûȣĶԱߣһ꣬ǸĶһģͱĶӣһͷƮݵĳ䣬ûӣϴŰɫĲ£ϺкܶĺŲ裬Ӧ˵Ʒˮ
˵ƶֵ꣬طٶӦýŵģĶһߵĲҪһڲȣҪһȫȹ⣬Գһ˽ŵ
ֵĺȻûﵱǸոؽİ֮һҲû϶쾳ǿ߷ԼļңڽֱߵĲ¥һģʹˣɵĶ࿴ۣ
ǸͬʱӺԺ˿ĶǣǰʺõĶС㡣
һսڰǣ˵ǹͼ󣬱סǲ˵ʹİԶˣļУĪɼͷѾǽôˣĶȻʮֵء
ôǼҸͨļͥûʲôֱ˵ɡ
ҲûκεļӣԴÿһˣǳãˣ֮ˣ㹻ʸΪ쵼ߣȴԶܳΪߣΪ߱ߵĻǾһģһֶΣ
Ķ
ǿĶʵĶȴûͷشǵģС㡣
˵ˣô־ͺˡʣǼңʲô𣿡
ʳͬʱԼͬĿһ꣬ԼڣĶʺˣ꣬ȴһҲûڵϺĲ裬·ǸƵġ
ĶҲע⵽㣬˵磬еòвУûС𣡡
˵⣬Ķǲ˼С㣬ʵڱǸҶ磬ƽͲ̫ϲ˴򽻵еƫˣ
û¡㻹ûشңˣΪ˺£
ġ͹ӵġ
ҳҵܵܡ
û˵ҳӷģ·Ӧ죬͸˿ڡ
ڵһ֣ٴˣʲô˽֮£ǲעĵġ
ǵģ͹ӵģǷ㶫ġ
ǷǷҵܵʲô
һԼģˣġ
Ƕĵʲôôĵģʵ
λǡ
Ŷҵĺѣ
ԭĿС㡣ʧˡ
ضղ˵ʹģ֪ôĵģעʲô
Ķе㲻˼֪ô˵
ĶĶʱЦĶȻˣҪ䡣˵ģˣҲûʲôö˵ġ
ĶЦһ˵ѽȷûʲôö˵ġ͹һУȴ͹ӵһжӲס㱻͹Ӹɱˣ͹ĻҲܻڡ
Ķ䣬̳֣̼ͳĶǰ
ĶӦҲ죬оһɱݺᣬ̷أǶ磬ȴǺȲ裬Լñ˹·ʲôҲûһ
ʥһƷΪôܻ͵һжӲס
ԭ̽ĶΪҲͷ
ĶǿЦһ˵²ȷ͹ӵһжӲס
֮Ķעʲô
ҲĶӷ֮ôģΪҪģǶעȻӷ˵ĶǳҲ֪׳ӷ翴ʲô
Ķش֮ûжעȻˣ˳ף͹ӲκһҪ϶ķġһҹˣ֮ˣԣѯʹҴ֮󣬾Ϊע͹ӡ
ĶĻǸΪԾĶעһãңԼģҲ̫˰ɣ
Ķû״˼˼ǣλ͹˵ǰ˲ЧֻǿǾˡ
վͬʱĶҲȥ
ͻأУɢһ⣬漴ǰΧ壬Ưڿ֮еģһϣΪɫһ£Ϊɫڣɢڹ׹⡣
Χ嶼еɵۣʵһ֣һ֣ѵǴ˵еؾ֣
СȻ鴫۹Ҳãһ۾ϵؾ֡
ˡ֪ؾ֣ʥУô䵽У
˵ʦѾꡣ
ԭʥִˣղʧˡ
˵뵱Ұǵĵһ£γ˹ǿУ֪ιɽˣû뵽ֽѲȻǰˣǾͲӦ֮Ϊʲôǰδ㣿
ЦʦұӵܣǾССݶޱȵӦ׼ʦԵ˼ɣ
ȷǸҲŹγһЩ£ǿɲǸʲôöѾˣȻǣ治֪ʲôӡ
ȥ鶼ѾȥˣҲùڻ
Щ£ûҲûҪȥ롣λǻǽְɡǡ
˵ǲ֪ͻؾ֣ڣ
С㣬Ѿ˵˼ʦǰ֮ŲҪ˵һ˰ɡ
Ǹ໥һۣʵöˣòͶİɣ
ֻͶһˣǰǣ˱Ҫ˵ǰǿ󡣡
֮⣬Ҫؾˣ
ǲ˵ֻھĵš
˵СѾͷǿԼˣһ
ӷŹʣ˳
ųӷӣǶɵҡͷҿҲĶ˵ѽһУ֮һоͿԽɱǿɾǸǿѽֶһǰλĵǿˣ


1345 ˮ
ڵȫ˳ȥ棬Լû֮ǰ˭ҲҲӼκˣ
ӷ֪ʲô˼ǲ뱻˿飬Ҳ뿴ӷܷƽؾ֣
Ҫ֪ؾ֣ǰǰǵĵһƳһ뵱½϶Ϊ䲻ߣȴñ񣬴ССǧսۣǴδһǲγĹͣĹͣҲΪŷΪƣΪͣŵʥ֮ƣ
ǰİôһ仰ʥǣоƳա
ԹǴ½磬߸ļɻ䣬ʥ뵱ԶԶһεİɱ֮ΪؾֶȥĻ¾ûֵϣˣͻᱻγɱ
Դ֮γΪֹǲͣһģĸĸƶȣָһУȫƷˣˣʹǽʥ
ǣһһطĹΪһССֶξͻᱻûģİǣ壬һЩǿߣɼǵγγλʱҲɳѰ룬ٴγ֣ΪǵǿУֻϧδҵס֮أ뵱Ƴ취ؾ֣Ҳ޻
û뵽죬ĴˣȻؾֳ壬ؾڵ̫ãǧؾ־ͿԱ仯Ϊϰ󷨣ΪؾΪأؼ汸ʹκһ֧޷ͻ֣֮Ҫȥ
ǼȻܵ洫ؾ֣ɼļıֶΣԲڵ֮£ͲܼԦؾ֣
ǸҲû뵽ΪγĹϵȻĴ·ľԣɼҲǸǶ֮ڵ飬춼û¹
ڣǾȻĶĴ£壬ҪΪעӷ磬ǲ˵Ĵ˵ҪҵˣǳӷأĻǶ˵ԲǼ¡
νз磬ڵ屾裬İ֮⣬⼸жѾɳ˴ǰǣǣʱ˵֪ĴҲͶĻ壬ɾҪΪʸ֮ģΪ˹ͬĿˣһ϶쾳ǿߣҲֻһ˰ˣѵƾһˣ½Ϊ
ûǴ½ϣǱһ϶쾳ǿߣǳĴڣҲΪֳǿ߼٣һ֣ȻΪ˼ɻĿ꣬ǵˣǾͺ޲ĳ֮ˣ𼸷Ҳϧġ
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ĶҲǴ󾪲ԣǴðģѵλ͹ӣҲ󷨲ɣ֮䣬͸ǿˮˮˣˮ˻ԼĻ󣬿Ҫˡ
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Цųӷ磬˵㲻ĵȻ㶼Ѿˮˣڱעһɵģֲܣһ֮붼룬㲻Ժе飬ҲһȫƵȥ
Ҳɵѽ֪ԼڵеĴҲԼðĳǿߣʱ⣬̼ʹԼӴ½ʧ
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ǿԼʹɫˣǰ˵ˮ̣׼δ䣬֪ͨȫǣ˵壬ӽտʼͽΣǣ˾Ļ󣬽оߴȨȫ֮֡
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ӷˣˣⲻǸѼϼ
ҲԱǲֳӷӹ壬֣ԼãҵһֵԼ
δľǴ½ضλ͹ӵĳһȫµĸߡ


1347 ƶĻ
ִϣһЩǵĹǸɾӢȫۼʱǵǽӶķİոȥֵõϢ۶ǼѾɳ˴ҪǰǣΪģǰݻһ°³ĳǿǣ£İǵи߲ȫΪû֪۶ǼǰĿģһ̽ʵģд㣡
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Ҷ˵˵ɣε۶ǼҰǣӦôȥӦ
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ƶ۶ǣŴһǳأҲλڵλõһǳأɹ˿أͨ˴һķǣķʹİ˴Уħ壬ȥ۶ǡ
۶ǵĳҲһû֪ͣеĻŮģϵĻٵģλʮǰε۶֮λ󣬾ͽ۶Ƿչķǳãӽ۶ǵıصķǳãˣͲ֪˵۶ǵĳһ˶վ´ȨģļִϣûκεıȨ֣㣬ǾŴΨһĲ֮ͬˡ
ǰйһڵ۶ǳĴԣ֪ǻǵķ񣿡żļҲǰִΨһŮʵ
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ǡ϶쾳磬һ֮˵ɱһǧֻżħޣħ壬ȴڸս벻һӣͱħȺ˺Σ
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ѽİ֮⣬геĴҪһȫˣǻôĺɵ϶ĵ
ȻƶҲĴģǽеĴԸ壬һн赶ɱˣ϶쾳磬Ǽ٣Ϸ򵱳ɵϣͻȻ䵽϶쾳磬Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
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ϣոմϢҪ˾Ļ󣬽һУȫĵܵܣͬ͡ʱμδ䣬ҲһʱУȫˣȫۼ˷ֳǱߣ֤μδ䡣
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ȥֳǣǣ⵽ôһ¡еĴʱ壬ɲܷκεı䶯


1348 Тȫ
ԭĸ綼һ˲ǧ꣡
ӷͲӦûʲô飬ҲǼҪԼģֲԼŵǵĲϣǾԼģԼûѽë飬ڿɺãԼҲݽȥˣ
Ǵ½Ȼûеôӣǿߣȴ֪ȵ˶ٱһ֮УȲ˵ΪϺȥͻƣܵ϶ľ磬ǸʱҲѾǳˣЩĳǿߣҲ׷죬Ҫ뿪磬ػƶ⣡
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1349 ޻
ѾμλĶ˳ϾһЩȵÿһҲҪȼȣȻǼ죬ʲôһ飬ǽ֮λȫ˵ǰֽ͵ӽƶˣλ͹ˣ
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ɵ椣ֻöɢԽ졣㣬˵ؼʱ㷸ɵֶͨƤģëѽ
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а취ƶ
ҵؾֽסֶӦǴ˵еġڹѸ֮Դɵģ֮Դ䶾Իӵǿ
ʲô֮ԴɵĶҲ̫˵ɡ
Ȼ֪˵ĵҲӦ֪˵ģ⡮ڹѸ֮ͨԴģһɢڿУǾͻΧ֮ԴΪһ壬֮ԴҲԳ䶾ԡ
ĸ쵰Ĺ
˭ŵĶҲ֪ԣⶾ粻ţţȴμ֮λʱţһǴ֮зųģԷ޻߼޻塣
ûнⶾ֮
ûУֶ޽ģΪ֮ԴģԣΪôǿߣǵֵסֶģЩͨˣһΪûеͨˣŲܵⶾ壡
˵һûڳˣڵϵģȫڵģȫԴߣЩûеµģȴǴֲģȫͨˣһ¶ûУ
ǸҲѾ˵ϣԱߵִϣǴˣһģȫ˵ϣƤڡ
ӷ˫һתƶ죬ϼһװװĹҪ޻ңҾ㡣
ϼһ
ӷӰһڵϵֹѾƶǰڣƶ죬ǳǼûл֮
ǸĶҲǲĵ˵ϣǻǱѵģӷҪɱƶ죬̽еΣҪ
ӷһѾƶȥɵڵϵƶ˵ǻˣǼڸ֪Ҫƶ̧֣ͷӷûˣ
ӷһƷտƶ죬ȴԾķ֣ϼһȷжˣһҲװѽĹбҪԼҲж𣬾ҪðգҲнⶾ֮Ŷԣ˵ⶾ޽ģ
ԣ£⣡
⣬˭ɵģ
ƶ󾪣ڵϵݺʵ
ӷһ뿪ƶߣԱߵһС
⣬ⲻүģүǱ߻ûж֣
ҰУҪԸ塣ǼϸĻǽ죬ǿɶˣ
ϸ
ӷԱĺƶ챾붯ֵңǱߵˣûļ֣ͷ£ɼ£ƼһϵûС
ɳƼ֮⣬˭ѵʲôϸɡ
ӷһתһ۵ڵϵˣһ죬ٵĳǱ߷ȥûȥǣ


1350 ҹ
δϷ飬ӷ粢ûΪĹϵȥǽеȫŽ˲񷶦֮ڣʹԼΪһͨˣ㣬ӷǰͿ԰쵽ȴûҪȥ񷶦Ȼ֮ԴǾȻԴ֮Դһܼ򵥵ĵ
ڣӷҲǺΣȻⶾ֮Դģ޷ƾ񷶦ֻͨ˵ݣǰǣǱߵļǲǸһ˶жˣ
˵ǱߵУûжúõܣô֮ˣŶ֮ˣͺ֮ˣӷֻҪ£˵ⶾķͿȫǵ
Ƿ棬Ȼ֮أӷҲͲҪ̫ȥңİǣתȦͽ۲˸顣
УÿһҶأÿһҵˣȫжˣڹѸĶֻǿɢٶȣҲǿĿ£ֻҪһΪģһ㣬ᱻ壬ܵв
ⶾԣ̼Ҫ˵һĥ˵ķʽжʹһʱ䣬ȡҲóӷʱ䣬ȥŶ֮˸ҳ
ڳӷ۲֮󣬲ûзκһпԵĵطƼߣƶļӣӣҲȫ˶ǳʹĵڵϣǶ֪ʲô顣
ߣȫǳ˼ǳţҲڼ˶ҸԣȫڵʹĹȥһ㶼ӡ
£鷳ˣȫǾûһֵûɵģÿһ˶жˣôŶ֮ˣֻ˭أѵͨ𣿲ܣͨˣͲܽļ֮ϣʹһҲûɲͨˣֲκһôУ˭ӵΪȴûжأ
ӷϸһ룬ѽôһˣңȨ֮ˣ

ӷͻ䣬˵ⶾǰŵģ¾Ͳ鷳ôˣһ֮ҪݺԼݺ壬ɼѾݲˣҪ֮죬ֲַֻ֪ˡ
Ҫȫ˵壬ʲôô
ӷһʱ䷢˺üεı仯ɣֲȥš
ʱ򣬳ӷͻȻоԼڷ쳣Լеȫڲ񷶦֮ڣԼڣȴһСѽ
ΧһĶȫӷ߰Χ˹ӷĽвãԼʹΧĶһʱоˣΧԼˡ
ĺӾްҹ˸ҲȻʱһס
ӷ罫Լȫ˲񷶦ڣȴˣԼڣһҹأӾްҹԼõ֮һֱûӳκο֮Ӿްҹڵڶ˵û㹻ĺڰԪصĻǲⰵҹġ
û뵽ڱӾʮƵ뻷֮ʱҹûзӳκεãڣⰵҹȻˣһ㶯ˣֱǾ޴Ķ
ӷڵӵǿǺڰԪصǲڳӷΪڳӷڣǺڹѸĶֻǲ˵ġ
һһڹ⣬ӳӷͷֱʣڹ֮ڣκε壬ȴһ
СӣǲһΣҲˡ
˭ѽ˭˵
Ǻˣ
СûģӿľšΪԤϵСںһ٣һ󣬽͵֮ȥСںˡ
㣬ǺӾްҹСӣָҹңôػ
СӣǻĲͷ˰ɣڵΪ˵ǽδǳˣܴĹ˭ھܻȥȥ𣿡
ûԳӷڵΪ˵һδҲ˵һûѪĳģǺӾʮӾ㣬ӷҲԸѽڻȥķݣ
ȻСӲңܳʲô
ӰСӰĻ׼СӸյͻ鷳ӲһԪڰҹ֮ڣȹһصġ
а취Ըⶾ
ֶ֮ԴģȻû취
Сӷϻôʲôȥ
Ȼû취СӣֶĿǡ
ң
ûˣʿĻʿôγɵģӦӦ֪ˡ
ѽʿеаܻɵģһеаʿԴôڹѸ֮ƾԼʿ壬Ϳȫˣ
еĶȫڰɣǿĶ㲻˿ĺ෴ǿʿǰǣ뽫ʿųȻҲԴţ͸㽫ڲ񷶦һˣһҲˣҪԼˡ
䣬ڹʱʧ
ӷһˣѾģкܶûء
ιСȱߡңΪʲôҪ͵Ǵ½ǲ֪񷶦
ԼǴ½ǺӾްҹͰźõģӾްҹҲ֪Լӵв񷶦ڵһҲ˵񷶦뻷֮ڵģǾ֤Ӿްҹһ֪񷶦
ɼȻѾʧˣӾްҹڰҹڵǵҲùˣӷʣҲǰ״
֪ΪʲôǵˣԭСŴģ


1351 ʦ
˺Ӿްҹ㣬ţһɣӷҲûʲôõĵˣȻԼһа֮Ӧ˵ǽһа֮תΪΪԼãҲԣ׼ȷ˵ΪʿãôӷһΣڻ֮⣬һˣŵƾһ㣬ӦòΪԼ˰ɡ
λǵмλãҲмλãӷ罫ڲ񷶦ڵȫ˻ͬʱΧеĶҲȫӷӿ
ӷ粢û˿η壬𣬷˰ǵϣǿķѩͬӳӷΧ֮УƬΪеѾȫסˡ
һˣ£Ҳˣʲô壬ʲôǣôҺθɡ
¡
ӷʱеȫ˳ΧĶһ֮£óڵжȫĿ꼯еĳӷϣÿһλͬγһСС磬ȫϿȥ
ӷ˫־ٹͷڵΧеĶȫӷӿڶڡ
ʵ£ӷ粢ǵһθɣǵһǰľظոճֵʱ򣬾һΣһըҪ۵ȫǸʱ򣬳ӷڽİ£ǽеĶȫڣģʱûб⣬ڳӷγһóӷΪõ
ڻԼʹԼΪҲһΪԼʿĹϵɡԭԼһʼѾʿĻˣֻǰԼЩһ㶼֪飡
ͬҪΣȻ˾Եİգӷ粻ϵĽȫǵĶԼڣڵĶԽԽ٣Щж֮ˣڵĶҲȫ˳ٵգ뵽˳ӷڡ
ſڣͻȻоû֮ǰʹˣΪһģƶǼϼһҲѾվΧĶԼڵĶȫڲϵƶûһ֪ʲô£
ô׷ʲô£ⶾ˭ŵģ
ƶ쿴ŲĶҲܲ˶ΪʲôˣҲԼжڷʲô£Ҫ֪ģҲҪ֪ģⶾʲô˷ųģ
ԭƶᣬ鷳ȫǵ˶岻ٱκϣ嵱ǰǵĻû뵽ԼƼ߻û֣˽ȵһģɱԼƼƻҪݶĶ࣬Ŵ˵еĺڹѸųɾҪȫ֮ѽ²ĻǶԼǣھ޴
²ΪôһǼϸΪ
ǳΧĲѾվ֮󣬷·͸δйƵġ
ûһǼϸΪ룬ղŵĶǴ¯ɢģ˵ǼϸΪĻϸһеĹϵ
ǳڶû˵ˣż˵һҲʣԼ֮⣬ʲôˣԽ¯ڣһ巢֡Ҫ֪μδ䣬ʱŵģˣͲ֮ĶڸսӵϢͻ壬¯ڣ֤Ǽϸһ塣
ӣǰɵĶ󣬶ûĨȥˣ壬Ŀǰֵעġ
ƶ˵ˣǺ롣һǧ˵ϸˣֻ˵Ǳ˵ĻǴ룬ȫ˶ǵ˴ӢۣҲЦ𡣡
˵ĶûΪ˰ҲǸļϸץڣòΪˡǧ˶٣ǳʵ곤ϣò˵Ĵѹɣ
ǰͬɵȷ̫ǲǼϸҳĻָʲôʱֻᷢһ顣
û룬ⶾΪʲôԼԶɢȥǲڰԼǣЩһֻһζĽǣͷϡ
ǸˣڣȫѾָ˹ÿһ˫۶ΧȥͬǾǣŶ֮˾Χ
С㣬ӣ鷳ѽ
ǲɵ˿ĶѾʧˣԼڵȴȶԼΪ˵Ҫһĵȫָ
û°ɣǷſʵ
ڣûʲôˡģǶʵ̫ˣǶͻȻʧˣ
ѽǡӷأ
ղź񿴵ˣ
ˣôܣôܻûж
ѵ
ģ²ɵġ
Ҳԣ±ǱģʱŶѽ
һǣʵ֣ʲô
ûʲôĳЩˣɶˡС㣬ⳡμĽδ䣬ҪܱΪһʦĺϷˡ
תͷȥֻƶȫִϣǸԵſ˹


1352 
ǣ֮£㲻ܸһĻ϶쾳ǿߣҲҰ㡣
ƶǷŭ˵ڳˣȫŭˡ
ԣǴųģǾ;ԸѲ˸ϵ˵ǸսλøͣдԵֻҪ巢飬Ҫҵģضǡ
˿̵ѾûжԴӷǰˣ̶ʣǸԶԣҲ֪£һԼڲ⣬ⶾԲܴ¯ڷų
ǵڿٵתţҲڿٵţ˭¯ڵģˣһԼˣģȫһһӵܣȫģû䵽ʲôزǶǲ벻תôܻᷴӺ
һˮ̣һֽԼģΪˣԼǳЩҲǸһУ˵ʱ򻹺üξȹԼ׵ԣˮ̾Բɳµġ
ˣһƽﲢʲôʵܶʱ򣬶飬ҪƼǼзȥͷҲٱ۸ˣÿһΣǸֹˣûӣȴһΪģҲܻɳ¡
ȻЩ˶ûпɣʣģͲԼˡ
ӷ磬͸ˣ뺦ĻûҪʲô˼֮кܶᣬٲλӶʣôܻݺ֮ء
ڿҲܣԼСһ𳤴Լõ֮һԼΣգþǵһʱվԼģ㣬ԼܶΣԣҲǷŶ֮ˡ
ʣãɵģԼǰʶǣģ˵ʲôǴĶˣҪԼΪעʣϣôɵʲôΪһڵǿֻǽڰˣ
ǲɵЦһѾڻԼãȴһ仰Ҳû˵ǵĻɣԼͲϣԼ壬ֲǰǵģӲǰģ˵򵥵㣬Ϊ˰ӷðͰˣԣκ˵Ļɸɣöϡ
ƶһ仰˵Ϊƾ϶ǿԼղŵƶô׷Ź塣
Ҳ϶쾳ĳǿ滹Ǽ٣ģԼҲҪʲôԼڳôˣѵ壬ȫΪвɡ
λҸղŶˣǴ¯ɢģ£壬Ѳ˸ϵŴҵ뷨ҲϷһģ˵ΪĻĿĺڣ˵¸ûκιϵĻǾСһĽͰɡ
ͣôͣʵû취ѽǻǣڣҲò࿴Ǽۡ
ȴֻЦһһмӣһ仰Ҳ˵
֪ĸǻôܻ취֮ǰ˵Ҳڰӷˡ
Ƴϣ˵Ҫ֤ݵģʲô֤ݶûУͽȫ壬ǲе̫ǣǿˡ
곤ϣӣѧǳӲˣܲˣ
ǳ˵վһȥ£ϷλִԻᴦ
ʦô룬ⶾŵģҪɱȫ˵ĻҲɵԼҵ¯ѽִ˵飬ôܻȥ
ƶ˵ԭǴ㶾ɱȫˣԣⶾʲôطųһ
Ҳˣƶ϶ǷŶ֮ˣԼ˵ʲô
ʱ򣬳ӷԱߴ
ΪĻùģӦ˰ɣ
ȫ˳ӷ磬һղҲ֪ʲôطȥˣֲ֪ʲôطð˳֮ǳˣңȫźʹĳӷΧˣȫɢ˿
ڹѸ˿
Ѿȫɢȥƫƫһӷ磬ð͹ڣǿҵĶǣⶾ֮ǿңûиӷκε˺
壬еĶȫˣû뵽²ҲˣϼһŶֵͷˣʵһ䣬ϼһ㵽ɶ˼
ƶ˶ɵۣʲôѽȻеĶԼȴһ¶ûУζڲϵɢãˣ
͹ӣ㣬˵ղŵĶǱڣȫϴȥˣ
ڳѾ˶λ͹࿴ˣҲ˾ãŵģλ͹ӿնҲʲôֵ飬˵ⶾ޽ģɼȻֶǱضźУ򣬷Ŷɱȫ˵ͬʱͬԼҲһ鱻ġ
һĳӷվſڣȫ˵ԣʱԲκˣȥӷģСӣǸѽ
Сղ˵Ƿŵǰɣһ£Ǻúġ
ӷƶ֣ƶ첻ҿԼֱӾ˹ȥ
㣬
¸ë߰ɣ㲻˵ⶾŵûⶾҷŵģôŰɣҲõģȻҷŵģҶҪⶾ֮ⲻǴ𡣡
˿˵Сʲô𣡡
𼱣£ѾתˣͿôɣ
ЦãûҴѽλ͹ӣ治һ
磬ڻЦĳº˼޻ãֱӾˣⲻǸԼ鷳𡣡
İɡ
ô˵
ɣҲûΣˡ


1353 
ӷ޼ɵĵߣƷΪûֵǿ߷˼˾ͶԶԶģ˭ȥӷ벽
ͬ㣬֮˺üȦ󣬳ӷ绹ƶվλãһ߹ƶǼȫֲͬλ
ղ˵ŵģ
ָǧļ
ûϷû˵
ǾŮˣ
ָżļ
ҿû˵
㣿㣿
ǳҲָ˹ȥУ˵Ǵ½֮ϣӷͲκˣϾﲻԼ硣
ͣĻָ˭ĻֻὫԽԽϷ򿴣㻹һһ¸δɡ
ǳΣͣԼǰҲûΪһոѹСӣԲκĻϷģͣ治һѽ
ôô鷳һ£ҶôĴûʲôˬĵط
ӷ粻ɵһЦϼһҿɲʲôϵǺûǻǰٴΣҪЩһһУ˵㣡
ǳҲ˳ӷĲˬ˵㿴¸ô
ʲôҿղźɣֺαʲôôӲҪĻҵܼ򵥡ҽĴӣЩһҲͰˣȻҸҳһǵˡ
ðɣ͹ڣһˣִϣ˵Ҫⶼʲôʲôѽ
ͣ˵Ҫ̫ˡƶŭ
֣ûң챾ӾҪֵϼһ￴ղźɣñƣϼһʲôʸڱǰԲѵġ
㣬㡭ִͣϷҲûʲô˵ˣھ壬˳ǰɡ
Ȼϼһ˵ˣǱӾͰִǿ
ӷһת˵Ľ㣬㶼˰ɣڿ˼ҪߣǲߵĻǣҲ֮ˡʰöôȫϣôģǵĶͳͳҪ
ɵˣôӷСӣⲻںԼ
˵ӷڵĶѾڽɢˡ
ͣʲô
ƶȫ󾪣ⶾһɢȫǵˣɾͶˣ
Ѿ˵ĺˣǵĶȫߣǵĶһҲҪ˵ⶾǷŵģҾͳǷŵģȻǷųĶȻǲܴߵģԺ󻹲ôЩһ˵ǱǷǵġ
ӷ˵λشҶˣҲˡ죬ƶҪǵģҲǺƤҼȻӭ߾ǡⶾ͵ҵһɡ
ʵֻҪеӵ˶Ѿ֪ⶾŵģ෴ˣλ͹ӽеĶڣǾȫǵˣˣ෴ǰǵľѽ
ܸǡСǰòŴİȫǵˣ죬͹һξȫǵˡܶˣǰΣǲԵ±Թǳȥ
˵ûǰǵľǣ͹Ӹǰǵĸǣһѹ;ȫˣֻ꣬ǰǣӦܵ˵𾴡
˵ûܸǡƳϣƼ壬֧塣
ڿԽԽˣµģǳӷ磬壬ȫǵˣ
סˣʵڵô
˵ԣѾƿסȫ֡û뵽Сӻ湻ģ֮ǰһ취ûУһ仰Ĺ򣬾ƶﻢˣõȫ˵ӵǣľûģСӣҲԴô壬쵱֮Ի͡
ˡ
Ա˵
ʲôط
ȻҲ֪͹ӵΪһôľ磬͹ӽı˵ֻᳬԽ񽣣ֻҪ£һܰĵǡһͳųǣưԴ½
໥һۣ˶ΪԾû뵽ǻ˵Ļ
ǿ˻ĳӷ磬ٴˮӷ¶飬Ǿ½ԾõĻ
䣬λػߣ´ңųһͳ
ѵСӣǴ½ı˵Ļڴ½ôõĻǲĻʵ֣
ػߣӷСӣȷġ
´ңųһͳѵΪӷСӵĳ֣½ϣᱬһǰδеս
ƶƣԼٲ˵ĻԼƼ壬Ҫùˣƾһ֮ôȫǵ˶
λ밲һ¡ղʵϷеϺͿˣѺ˵˻ˡϷղŵĻƨǧҪ档
棿˼ѾˡˣҲϼһˣ
ƶ뿿ӷ磬ȴֲȥ
͹ȲҪղŵȷϷĴϷǸˡ
ǸǸ𣡡
͹Ϸô
ӷһ£תʵι˵Ľ㣬ǼǲǱȽ
һûӦԱ˵ᣬúһƼ͡
ŶǣѽӲˡ
ӷƶЦҲˡ
Ǯô
٣
ϷôһĿ
ߣʰöȥ
͹ӣ𼱣ǿ㿴Ŀ
طҪͲסġ
ꣿ
ô죬ˡ
ꣿ
ķ̫ˡ
ĿһµķӡǱߵġ
û̸ɡ
̫ͣݣ
ʰĺΪȥ
ʮ꿪һٷӡ
ӷһƶļЦɽϼһʶ࡭Ҷ˰ɣдΪ֤λƳϣӦòᷴڵġ
Ǳߵ˶Цλ͹ӣĲУˣһˮƽѽ
ƶߣƼڣ޲ýӷʬΡ
ӷﲢôˣⱾǱƵԼͷ飬Ƽ嵹ù˰ɣǴ½˱⣬ѽΣ


1354 ǵ
ӷ֮£ڶ¼󣬺Բˣ
϶쾳İֳһͣȡȫǵˣһ£ν죬ֱӾѹ壬֮һΣ˰֮С
ڵеģˣûκεȨ֣Ҳ˵ڰУƼΪףԽ߾֮УӵžȨƼ弸֮£ԶܵõκȨġ
˵ˣƼҲɵӣ嶼ѾΪȫĿеˣǲõκεȨ
һӷĹǺģһӵĶϣȫӷԼ֪ЩôģպӾްҹ˵ǿתΪʿģҲ˵ӷ粻ʿĻͲõ϶ת
ֱڶûߣȻҪӷ磬ǴӳӷǿҲǰˣֻҪ壬ӷõϵĵطöġ
ڿ֮ڣӷĺŲ裬ҲֻʣԼˣѾȥˡ
ӡҪҪΪһ裿
ˮ̺ǿΧ˶λ͹ӣǾмӣӵнλ͹ӣҲǳ˴ġʱƼ壬ʹƶ첻ƨҷţݺݵթһʣˣ죬ȥƼúôأӷ쵱ȫ˵˵Ƽ壬ǲҲ˵ġ
ˣǸˮ̣㻹ǽҹӰɣҲֻӶѡ
νӡ֮ƣӷʵϲڵʱ򣬾ͲϲɱϾڵ粻ͬˣԼðͣƺϣҪ磬Ĺģһ˻ˣǲ鷳ԼҲкܴ鷳ġ
ˮ̵˵ͷ˵ǺãԺǻǳΪӰɡֻ顭
ôȥû±ң¸ҡ磬ʵ̫ˣð˵ɣ˲ѽ˲𡣡
ӣ˻û𣿡
ˮһʱ˵죬е㲻ʵӣ
ӷЦһ˿ˣ˵Ȼþ壬Щ£ҲӦ֪ǣ˶°ɡ
ǲ֪ӷҪʲô鿴ӷ粻һˣǾȽȫ£ˮ֮⡣
ڣֻʣôˣӷ˵ν˲ɣ˲áȻþҵ£ҲӦ֪
ι´˳鷳ɴˡ
˵ˣͲỳˣֵһɵˣҲá첻ǰ˵ĻҲȥӦЩҵ˰ɡ
Ķʵӣʲô£
˵Ӧǹӵݰɣ
Ŷµˣ
һѣֻ¹˵Ҳ֪ߵغԹ˵Ļǲ˵һġ
ǺãȻµˣҲ¸ǡʵҲͣҲˡұӷ磬ǴһģǸ磬Ǵ½ԶԶ
һ磿һ£ͻȻðһ仰
ػߣ
Ǹˮôһ˵Ҳųӷ硣
ѽԼ֮ǰôû仰ء
ӷǸе֣ʵô֪Ǵػߣ
ˣػߣԼڵһƺƺţǽԼģ˵Լʲôػߣ峤ǣҲԼƺԼ
ھǴ½ѽڵˣΪʲôˣҲ֪شߣ
ʵ㣬Ǵػߣ
ôǴػߺҲ¸ǣҵǸ磬ܶһﶼ˵ʲôػߣƺԼǲ̫⣬Ҳûоػߴʲôطʲôط
Ǹ˵߽ʣֹӣʲôݣʲôطȻþ㣬Ǿһ׵ġ
ӷ翴ǵ񣬸оһʲôҪԼ˵ֲõǵ˵ԼҲ̫ʲô
ȻˣҾûʲô˵ˡҲˣҶȥ˯ɣ죬кܶµǡŶӦǵȥһǾ仰ֻһͣķУϣ飬ԺҪٷˣ㷢ˣҲҪңԼȥɡ
˵꣬ӷתԺȥǸˮ̣Ҳ֪ڸôеʱ䣬ӷҪ뿪Ҳһʱ̵¡
ˮ̣ȥðŷɡ
С㣬ˣǻǻԼļҰɣ壬ǲסģΪ˵ֻӣ飬ǹӽˣҲ㲻Ҫǡ
ûһӣĶתߡ
ʲôѽһòûСС㣬ȥѵСӡ
ˮ̣ˣ˸־Ȼֻӷ磬Ǿٺõ˲ţҲסġ
ǲɵЦһ˵ӷ磬ѵкӹԴ㵱ҵǿ̿ʼעҪ½ΪһҰĶûУ屻ѹô꣬ļҵҵٵԣұҪ壬쵱֮ѵУҪһˣ۰һ
ˮǵļ˵С㣬ܶ飬ǲܼһʱġЩ飬ǱҪ촦
˵ˮ̣Ҳ벻Ľǧȴϣ÷֮ˣȻҴС浽õѣ
ֻҪСһ仰ľǡ
ȷһŰɣ˵Ŀԡǳӷ磬ˮҪҿŵ㣬СӼȻ԰϶쾳磬ȻǼٵģɵʱģԣСӣܿĳǿߡ
ףСģᶢġ
УѾд²֮Դˣȥݻ֧Ųס
⵹Ǽֵ¡ʮӶǿ֮ԴάģԴӳӷ֮󣬺ӵ޷Զ֮Դˣ⼸죬֮ԴӲڵġ
ˮǻɣ޷Զ֮Դӷйأ
ҿ϶ǹ۲һʱ˵ɡʱÿӹһ֮Դάֶӵ塣
Ǿ鷳ˮˡ
С˵ﻰĶ飬һӶꡣ
ˮ̣ûģͻˣڣǽǷģǷġ
ˮۺᣬЩû䣬ǳԿ࣬ԼȴΪ
ӣҪӲţȻǼһӷ磬ǸģҪ뾡һа취ƵȥóӷִֵĻı˵ԿԶһ档
֪ǼһǸ磬һǸۻ߼֮ˣ㹻ʸ񣬳ưһưԴ½Ҳ˵


1355 
νһϲǣ˵ʱƼ壬ߣƶ죬ڰô꣬Ϊ˵һִϣδĳȴһʮͷСӣˣƨҷһǵȫ˵档
ף£ǲܾˡ
˵ƶĳӣɱ࣬˰ƹܾĴ󽫣Ҳ˵ǰȫ
ʲôطƹžȨģȨģƼ岻ƹ˰ǵľȨͬʱƹ߼һ𣬿˵ڰѾԽ˳治֪ǸڱչصĳôģȻеȨȫƼ壬ѵͲƼ
ƶݺ˵ǸͣȻҵȫ˵Ϸˣ£Ȼܾˣ
ƺХ˵үү󲮣һҺܲסԭ˵Ѿ׼ˣͨ˵ʬŵĺԺȥԴ塣ڵʱȫۼ֮⣬ںԺǲ˵ġҵļƻŵĺܣֻҪһ֣һ춼˵ˡȴû뵽Ȼ˱һ֣ȵˡʵԷҪԸ壬ǸƼ壬ᷢκεĳͻŹͬĿꡣֻԷһбҵĻкݣɻǱƽˣ֪ģǷŶʲôˣǸͣʲôжȫڵģ
˵ǶΪڹѸ֮Դģ˵ֶӵŶΪԴߣܲסֻҪһͻᱻ壬޲⣬ֶͨˣ𲻵κεá
磬˼˵Ǹ֮ܳܵŶȫڶû£ΪǸͨˣ
ûֻͨˣܰ쵽㡣ͨ˵Ļôȫڵģͨˣôܰ쵽㣡
ںǲ⣬˵ͨˣΪûκεӰ죬㣬ƶҲ롣Ǹͨ˵Ļʣôȫڵģ֮䣬̫ì˵ɣ
ȷ²ܣĿǰҪ¡һϷӦĶǾԲܰ׸ģֲܲ죬Х¾ͽˣˣͻҪġ
ƺХ˵ǣүүģ뵽Ƽռˣ붼룬ǶҲҪصĴۡ
ƶ컹ǷǳӵģĶӣƶ첻֪òȥˡ
㡭
ƶͣһ£һ£˵˰ɣ£㸸ȥ졣
ƼһƵһƽﶼ̫˵ģÿƼ£ڳѣƶһģÿһΣ
ƶĶɱ¾˵ףҾã򲻵ʱǲҪȥ°ɣڷŶ֮ˣȥ顣
ƶ˵ͷǰʵͼڼɣûٳţ飬ҲҪܡ
ֻǵ˵ͷϣûκεı顣
ƺХ˵磬㿴ʲôʱʱ䣬ϴҵԴòãָһ°ɡ
Цһſ˵Х㲻ÿζңҪ֪ϣʲô飬ûнݾߵģҪһһӡ㶮𣿡
ƺХʧ䣬˵Ҳ֪ûнݾѽĲ̫ᣬ㿴ָһ°ɡ
˵ܣ㲻Ӧһûû˵ģٽһΰɡ
̣ǲˣҪԼѧȥ󣬲ÿÿǵСЩĵ顣
ĵ£ƶʵǲǶʲô
˵үүҲʲôֻҾ£ҪģЩѾǴѹֵزˣǲӦٸЩʲôıȥԸǣϾҰǣŹ׵ģ겻һ񽣵ĻǰҲڴ½ռһϯ֮ء
ɱ¾˵ôүү˵ġ
ף˵Ķﻰ壬ҲӦֶΣ壬үүûʤǳĻǾҳְɣΨһǣǣ˭Ҳһͷ򣬱Ҳϡ
Ȼ˵ӽ첻㡣
壬Ϣŭֻһʱڿˣ
ֹɱ¾֪ԼܵƢģҲ֪Լ⣬Ϊ㣬ˡ
ɱ˵һ䣬㵽뱣ǵʲôʱѵ㻹뱣һ𣿡
󲮣ֻ֪꣬ǾĸһȻĸ׻ǹˣ飬ԶǷġĳЩˣӺҵĸףǿүүϣɱˡ
쵰ļĸô˵Ļɱ¾ŭ
ĸĵڶӰˣңûκιϵоǣף鷳㣬ȥǸŮ˵һ£òҪںʲô𣬷򣬾аǿ߱Ҫɱ̽ȡ
һݻֱת߳˼š
ˣСǷˡ
ƶ̾˿˵ǼҼбľѽƼò׳һ֮ţû뵽ȴΪԼҵĹϵʹ⺢ӣӲ¡
ףǶӽ޷
ѽ㣡ȥǸŮ˵һɣɲҪŭˣƢ׵Ϊ˵ĳһĵʱɱǸŮ˵Ļ¾Լ˵Ҿۼȫǿߣס
ʮǰ½ֹһ仰۶лһһǾųһеǿߣһһȴӲȥʲô


1356 벻ļϸ
塣
ԾڿڣʱΣȫϢȥˣǳңҲ֪ڼڱĵط
һʧĴ߽ʱƹԼȥ
վס
Ժ࣬ƽһɩһɩ죬ʱԿѾû˿𾴡
ô˻ȥ˯컹Ҫء
ߣ㿭С壬ѵǻı̲ɣһƣͿʹȫǴңȫǵˣȫɥĺܻɣЩ㶼װ𣿡
̾˿˵Ҳʲô
˵ͱߡ
һ嵽ǰָĲӡ
ԣǴСһ𳤴㲻ҪҶ㶯֡
ݺǽʱѾҶ˵ΪʲôҪΪʲôҪŶݺ壿
˱۾Ϊ£ԼѾ汻ѩ紵˺þˣʵԼҲԼȴò
е飬޹ء죬һʦ˵һȥĵطסȹʱ䣬ٻɡ
ʲô˼ѵ뺦ǽ㣬岻ɣ֪飬һ£뽫֧ɣȻˣǾͶְɡ
ԣ֡
ǳҴ˹˲ͽеĽȥˡ
үүأ
һʲôɩôԽԡ
ɩû޳ܵĴɩүү֪춼Щʲô𣿡
Ѿ֪ˣ£㲻ҪܡͰտ˵죬Ҿ㵽ĵطס
ޱ䣬ݺ壬Ŷ֮£Ǹոڿвġ
ԭԸͲԼĶ䣬ԼǣңǴСһ𳤴ģ£ǵһվģôܻᷴǡ
ղţһʣˣԺΣû뵽ǣԼүүҲѾ֪ˣȻ֪˵ʲôڰ￭ɣԼүү磬Ѿ֪£ѵ
ֲɵӣ˵ƽе˴֮⣬ǸӣرǶԴѣԶǱΧʱõӣĴ粻ͬûκεĻϷǸСѾͷˣ
ſȥһǰʵȥģ
Ҫȥǽ㣬ȫˡ
Ȼˣҵġ
ֻǰͻȻһڣһڹ֣ʱģ
ڰԪأ㣬ôǺڰԴߣ
̼佫Էŵ˵бҪô𣡡
ģֻǽʱӡƻǵļƻ
ǳ˵ڰôЩ̵꣬ĺܺãΪʲôһΣҪðȻ֣
һƺҲ棬ɼ⿭ݣ֪˵ģǰˣڣֻǱǳһ¶ڣǳΪ֤ǳ壬ǿˡ
ǰСģ½ûκ˻ݡڲͬˣ壬һµòǰ֡
˵ģͣ
ֻǽ͵ݣΪӷ硣ǳ̴֮һһлĵطһкĵط
ǳʵ˼˵Сӣһ磿ôǡ
ûػߣԼ׿˵ġ½ϲ֪ʲôʱĻڣڳˡӷСӣֻҵ۶ǽİҵӰ졣
۶ǣųһУһصĳּصĹ壬ǰļϸ
û뵽Ǿ仰ȻģػߣŴУһͳҺǻɣڵиӷ磬ܳ𣿡ʵһ֮ǰսİһĻֻϷġ
ӷȻ԰϶ľ磬ɼΪԳɾһҵȻڻܿ϶Ϊһôľ磬ͷԣѾշһǣƾ㣬ͲСӡ
˵ǣǽ˵֮ˣ
ûĴˣֳؾ֣ǲµ
ԭĴˣѹּ仰ͿԽ˵Ǹ֮ˡӣǸӷ磬Ҫѽ
죬ҵ۶ǵĴеĴȫۼǣ˵ҲǿԳᣬӷ壡Ƽ壬ϾһӲֵĻĿǰһս
˵ڰǶʮ꣬˵ԶڰǣҲǳǸһйƼĴ£Ҳμӣƫƫжӡϴǲɥ֣֮ʵҲһڰбǲȥҲһֵģ
Цһ˵Ǿ취֮ìܣȻҸ׽Ǿһ뵽һ棬ӣġ
ǳ˵ͷ˵ǻ빫ʱһаɡֻ빫үǱ˵һ³֮۶ǣ֮λҪġ
ģȻүүӦģǱһܰ쵽
лˡ
лԶŵġɣʧ塣
ֻڰǵĻˣݣǵ۶֮ŮΪɣҲĹ⹫һƣǳһ𾴰ˣ
ɲٶԣתطȥˡ
˵үүѵ壬Ҫ֮𣿡
ߣһҶѣֻǵ۶ǵһ壬Ūλڰһġ۶ߣǳֻҪǽ°ˣʱ˵۶֮Դǵ۶֮Ϊ˵Բ壬壬ҲԲ֮¡ңɣҪСһ㣬ŮĻϷĿ£һƣҪĵһ£ǡ
ǳ˵꣬ҽӻɱɡ
ţˣȥϢɣ쿪ʼǶ֮ˣ


1357 
ҹ˾ʱ򣬳ӷĶ̯λϣĶãϣȴ˵ӰӶ
ľİУ˿Ҳкܶ˶δ˯ȴкܶˣﻳ飬ʱ˿̣£ƶһģǾڰʱһС
ԼеĶλ͹ӣνѽ
ȻҲкܶ˶ɣӷðͣǸͨˣҲֻͨˣŲᱻ˵ġɲôȻ鶼ѾȥˣʱҲΪ£ȫˣǳл塣
ˣ첻˵Ļڿ˵ˡ
ӷԹԵڰʱѾЩǲ뵱ǵ˵ģôԼɡ
ҲϵӷԼˣĻǾ͵Լˣӷ粢ԼҪĶ
ӹȻˣʱֻǱֳһĲԣϾͿˡ
Ҫ˵ЩϻҪ˵ںģԺҲˡ
Ҳұ֤ڲںȴŷǳĹϵ
йô˵ϵ飬ûκιϵ
ֻһͣڹϵκ£ȻûκεĹϵҪ˵飬ȴвӵ
Ŷ˵˵ʲô£
һ¹ӣС㣬ûи˵ʲô֮ûи˵ʲô
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ǸĶ໥һۣĶ˵磬ĹȻûС㣬Ǳ濴ȥô򵥣ҲǸĻ
Ͳµˡ˵һϿȥõʣЩôܱס壬ͱ̲ˡҲǸˡ
ӷʵǵ˵ʲô£йϵ
¸ûϵȻߺʲôҲû˵ɼģ̫á
˶٣˵ӣ֮ǰʱ˵ػߣ仰𡣡
ǵģ˵ô仰ʲô𣿡
ɴˡʵĻǡ䣬λػߣ´ңųһͳ
˼磬ôһ仰ѵ֪һ磿˵νĴۻߣˣһҡ
仰֮ǰѾڴ½ŵˣû˿Կ϶Ǵʲôʱʼģû֪ʲô˵ġԴ仰֮ڴ½ϣͳһص֯֯λھųǸ򣬻ħ޸֮֯ĴڣǵȴŴػߵĳ֡
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ӷ粻ɵһЦȻֻ˵Цġ
ῪЦ
ҴӲЦҵģɣǵĴڣΪ˵ȴλ֮ʵĳ֣Ȼɱ֮
û˵һ㶼û֪ǸֹΪ¥ӵŴ½ǿǿߣ¥¥Ҳʮصģû֪ݣû֪¥¥ûлˣûĻǴ˵ΪԵ϶ľ磬ʸôꡣ
֪ǿ߲٣ӣǸ¥ӦþӴĴˡ
Ŀ¡ǰİǽǣֵħ֮Ѿʶ˰ɣ
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ǰħ֮ճ¥õϢΪãħ̫֮Ըκ֮£ɱ֮꣬ʮ϶쾳ĳǿߣΧħ壬ɱħ޿֪ħ֮ҲǸʱˡ֮˶Ϊħ֮Ѿˣȴû֪ôģɲϣħ֮Ȼˣٳ֡
ӷһŻʱ˵㼤顣
ʮ϶쾳ĳǿߣû뵽ϵĳǿߣ֮ࡣ
ܱ֪Ҫܶ࣬ģҲ̫Щ£ҲǼʦ֮ǰҵģңպ󲻹ܸ˭ǲҪ¥ΪУΪ¥ĴڣΪ˳ưԣֻΪ˵ȴػߵĳ֣ˡ
ҾͲˣһӴô꣬Ϊ˵һ˵ĳ֣ǵﶼôġ
ЩǿôģұȻ֪Ǵ֮ʵĻԺҪСˣŲ֮Ϣͻᴫ¥¥Щǿߣӿģ
һˣܸǴôв𣡾ǿԳưΣǿߣҲ㹻Աѽ
ڴػߣһ˵
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˵ػߵĳ֣ͳһųǣͬʱҲ硣УػԹǿİͬʱҲΪǿǣֻҪһ磬Ϊ֮
һ磬Ҳ̫˵ɣ϶۷徳ĳǿߣǲŰĵѽӷŲ񷶦϶쾳绹ĵģҪ϶۷徳磬ӷɲҿڣ
ַһ룬Լһ磬Ӧ˵һԼԻһ磬Ǳʿʿһ˵һ磬жͿԻ٣
ѵĴػߣҡˣΪʲôڵ˵Ǵػߣ磬˵Ǵػߣػߣʲô壿
ھ¥飬Ҳ֪
ֻҪǴڵıȽϾõļ壬Զ˵¥Ҳ֪¥Ϊʲôڵġԣǣһ֪¥
ҪҵģҪСľ¥֮⣬ҪСǣ
Ӧ˵壡
壬ôҲǣˣ
ºܸӣһʱҲ˵̫Щĵ˽⣬кܶԴģкܶҲ⼸³ֵģƾ㣬ҾͿԿ϶壬⣡
ôһ˵ҵһ¡Ŷ飬ҵ֮⣬ˣûֵĻᡣЩˣǲģãҲûΨһл֮˾ǡ
Ķ˵ǿ
ûǸŮˡ⣬壬ͬ⡣
ӣҵû֪ʲô⣿ʵ
񽣣굽ʲôΪ
϶죬졣
ǾͶˣһĳǿߣôܻңǼҶ򲻿Ҳ˵ʲô
һ£˵ȷ£кܶ˻ɹ񽣸ûܶۼ񽣵壬Ծûʲôûɵˡ
ѣ㣬ͼʶˣ
಻Ǽ˺ܶ𣬳ӷһ㶼棬һ϶쾳ĳǿߣ
ǹӶԺʲô㣿ڿ˵ǿ߶ڶأǲ¸һ֪¥ʲôϢ¥ĶУǾ¥ǿߣɲǳصġ
ģǻ뿿嵱磬ǲẦҵģҪҲҪȿһºЩǿɱ֮ǰѵһݵ岻ɡ
ڴ˿̣ӷõ˫һͬʱת˽ͷǱߡ
һ۵꣬ӷ
ҹģȻòɼ겢ûκαܻڴϡ
磬ƼĶӣ
Ȼ˵


1358 ¥ʹ
ӽͷ߹˶Ķ̸վһϵΧȹҲѾãȫ˸Եķ
ӷú֣ǲ׽ŵѽھȻؾֶˣؾֵӷǼʶģȷǳǿ
Ƽҵˣ
ûƶĵڶӣɱ¾Ķӣ
ǣҼʱƶ춼һ㶼ںΪʲôڼƼһСӣͽų
ӣ磬кܶܶˣ֪һʱ֮Ҳȫ˵ڣҪǣ˵ǣҪκ˷֮⡣
ŶӣⲻǸͨĽɫ
Ķ˵ֹǲֱ̫ͨͨˡ۶ǵΪĳǿ֮һ
ǿߣ
ӷĲɵĽһѣⳬǿߣ϶ľѽ
ǲڸ˵Цİɣ
ӣҲ̫ϲЦȷ϶쾳ĳǿߡ
˿̣ӷѾоɢǿ
һ죡ʲôЦ϶쾳磬ʲôʱôֵǮˣںʱͳһӾʮû뵽磬϶쾳ĳǿߣҲͶʮ꣬ôģ
ӣǳġ˵ϻˣڻǶսʱ򣡺úǰһɡ
ʲôˣԼϵĺˣɾԼһҲ϶쾳Ķѽǻʿ򣬾ǽ񷶦Ҳֻܺ˰ˣһ϶쾳ĳǿԾģ
˵ûӷҲǸǰǶųӷģڲߣѵɡ
Ƽ壬ȻһǿȲˡ
뿪Ѿ̯λǰ˫ֱۣӾͶ˳ӷϡ
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ӷҲ˵ʲôֱ𣬳ȥķȥ
ԳǣһǳƫƧûĵطһµܿͳ
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˵û˵ʮ϶쾳ǿߣټʮһ˲µĻǻʲô
˵ӣܶ飬еô򵥡֮ǲ֪ǿ߶кܶ࣬Ҳܴػ߻᲻֣ǰħ岻ܿƣǰǼһֳˣ½ӿҾ¥Ϊ½ƽų֮䲻κεĳͻŻ֪һеģ֮ԲΪԼΪ½
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Ըǣ˵λ˵ҲӦÿʲôǰʲô˵Ҳұ֤۶ǼһģСͷŵմ̻˲ԼˣôܻӦǡ
ǲײĲˡȻˣһΣͱǲˡ
ɣڶ֮ǰȻǷֲˣһλӦѾˣһǶ֣Ǿ͵ڸĳһĻᡣ


1359 ѩСè
¥ĺڰԭһҲҶǲǣ֪һôˣһ䲻ϣֵĻǶ˵ΪͲĶ֣ԣںڰߵı󣬻һǿߣˣڰͷŸǰ˴Եġ
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Ӳ񷶦߳ӷ˫۳ΧȥȴûΧκһˡ

ͻأһèĳӷһط֪èĴڣǴ½ͬèèģЩèèӦòŶѽ
ҳһ֮󣬳ӷ翴һֻѩɫèֻèΣ˹èûκε𣬵Сèӣˡ
ӷЦһղǸ˵ĳǿûҵҵһֻ˵СèⶼʲôʲôѽҹģԼɲèġ
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1360 Ի
ӷصʱѾ峿ˣ
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˼ŪʹˡȰɣȴ֪ôˣ˵һһָԼ˺ԼɣԺסססĻʱߣͬȥɣ
СèһԱߵĵϣ˿̣ĴƹֱӾͳ˽СèͣĴС
Сè˿̵ǰӱϿǱƹŵˣèͣʲô綼һģè¹ҲǺ顣
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1361 米
˵һĺȥԤ㣬Ԥ֪ĽδߺӾްҹ벻ڵӵޱݵĳӷ磬Ϊ˴¡Ϊ˵͵ĹϵǷ⣬ҲڰУɵӷǴ½Ҫĵ͵ˣֵԭһĳӷ粻òߵһǴ½һǣѾȫǣ
߳һ̣ӷѾһųĶ飬ֿŶվֱͨԳӵıϣγŶģȫǳڵľԴߣͨˣÿһ˵ѩ
ѩֻгڼλһŻõȫ˵ĳͣżи⣬Ҳǵǵڶ̶һ֮ڣˣʸõȫ˳ѩˣΪ˼ǣˣȫģ
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1362 ߳Ǵ
յΧǿѩĽ֮УȻʮֻħޣÿһֻħ֮ϣˣеһˣеˡ
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ǳΪǰǵĴǰʺõλһ·ˡϷǰǳǳӭλԶ
߷ֱǣ۶ǣǣɳǣĳǣźǣѪǸħǡټϰǸİǣƴ½ŴС
ŴУƽģռڵ۶󣬵λãҲΪеһǣԣ۶ǣ͵йŴʱڵĴһ㣬֮ǰھǴ½һ֮󣬵۶ǵĴڣǱҵı֮أŴ½δҵ۶ң½Ѷ۶δ֮˵
ɾô꣬۶ǣѾĵ˴½ĺ֮ҲǼε۶ǵĳĹףһֱţκһͻԳδ
Ǵ½ϣǿ߲ûУв٣Щǿ߲ǹ˳˾¥ǲ֮㵽ڣǿߣѾΪ˴½ټȨ֮һһȫµĳǿߣⳬǿ߻ǳھų֮Уضеļɻ䣡
ϸ£İǣͻһǿߣһϢѾٵĴ˾ų֮⣬¥ҲѾ֪ˣΪڰԭͻһǿûй˳¥¥Ҳһȥеĳǿߣֻһ
һУܲںӷ磬ڰǣǱ¥ϣΪ¥ҪģǿǸֻҪӷʵ֮ϣô¥ҪסĿ꣬ͲҲˣǳӷð͡
¾¥˵ڣߴеĴѾ˰ǣߣȻҪˡ
ԭǰǵ֮һǳϣǾˡ
۶ߵĴδ˵ɳߣһͷ𷢵Ѿվ˳
Ϸû´ĻӦþǽɳǵĽëˣ
Ϸ򡣡
ëϵĴϷҲжţԵϷ
ǳϿˣŪϷ֮ѽǣҪǳ϶ֽǡ
˭ĳϼһ໥˭Ҳˬ˭Ǳضġ
λǻǲҪվˣ˵ɡ
ëҪдͷǣ⼸ǵĴɾͲӦˡ
Ͻë㻹浱ԼǸˣǼǶû˵㵹һҲ̫ǼǷ˰ɡ
˵ǵĴȴߣǸˡ
Ŷ֪λСֵǡ
ǣֲ
ԭΪСϣͲ󣬱ȴСϷǰ˵ɡ
ֲǿһССͣԼʮͿԳΪǵִϣɼǺεȵͻ
Լĳˣ汻˵ֲܵס
ϼһǲ붯֣
ϷСɡ

һһ٣ڵΪȻȫʥ۷徳硣
ǳǲµģǴȥԼҲκεӰ졣
ںȴվ˵λϢŭ˭˭ģǲӦðĴСֱ𡣡
ɳǵĽëʵǺˣ
ҡ
Ŷԭǳϵӡ˵Ű֮ƣ㿴˭˭С
⣬治̫ûش˭ϵĴ󣬵Сģ˵СĴֵϴ
Ȼдˣ˵ҪλɲϺš
ң
ǰϢŭ˵ʵѵԶλܸ۶ǵĻ𣿡
⻰һеĴסˣǽɳǵĽëϣǵĺֲвͣɨš
Ҳˣֲʵ
ǰ˫ȭһʵʣλǻӣ
˿ֻ̣һ˿µŮվ˵Ѿˡ
ʲôˣ
ǳ˴󾪣Լһֱģû˽ѽǸʲôʱȥģ
λСǡ
СŮǵ۶ˣӵŮ
Ůġ治һѿϻ̺ۣӦǽˣ
˵۶ǵɫԣߣôܻд˵ȳŮѽʵ̫ˡ
λǲǶСŮӵòɻ䣿Ļǵ۶ǣͲˣ֪ͨҼҹӣͷء
˵С㲻Ҫᣬǲû˼ȻѾһˣʣ۶Ƿ棬λǴ
ûŶҼҹӡ
۶ǣһɾôһˣ㹻ˡ
ǳ˵֪մ
ǳˣСŮա
գѵΪòų
Ȼ۶ǵĻѾнˣھչһɣϷ룬ǴӦò˸ɣ
ǽɳǻǣǣû˸ȥǲҸ۶ǲҵˡ


1363 װͷ
֮ڣͬһٹĴ㣬ȫˣۼ֮ڣԳǣпؾЩˣҲۼ˹ȺΪܼģƼΧ˵ɽ˺ΧеĽֵȫˣҪڴ˿̼ƼſڣһԲܵ顣
ӣǲˣ˿ڵܼȣҲ̫˰ɣ
һߣһòڵŮӣϵҪǰ׷ʲô£ΪαȽϰС͵ŮͲܿǰ
ѾͷҪóĻǹһɨǰȫˡ
һ£׵ߣ໹ӢվСߣС߳һ룬ɼСҲͽһ׵ߣҲֻʮһңһѻǹϴȹӣһͷɫͷǿɰ
ҲأһǹĻǵˣΧѽӣҵɵϺòá
û뵽Ǵ½ϣҲǹСǹϵЩǹҲͬǽ֮Դۼͳ䵯ġ
㻹Ҹһ£ǰ浽ʲôطô˾ۼ϶ʲôͬѰ鷢Ϊ֪ƽͲġ
С˵ͷǰһߵ·ҿ˿û˭ԼкҲû⡣
ιء
߲ɵĵͷһһɰСѾͷԼôߣѹԼû
Сѣ𣿡
үүһ£ǰʲôطѽʲôѽΪʲôôΧѽ
Сһ⣬ʹ߲ɵЦЦȻɫֱЩѿʵСѣ㲻ǰǵˣ
үүǵ۶ǵģǰġ
۶ǣ
ʲôЦԼǣʲôʱεĵطˡ
һ룬⼸죬лɳԼǣ£ȫҲ֪ˡ
Сѣǵ۶Ĵ
ҲǵģҼҹӲǡҼҹһ£ﵽ׷ʲô£
ԭ
߰ǰʲôطʲô¸С˵һ飬Ȼǵ۶ǵĴԼǣеִ֪ģԼҲܵ˿ѽ㣬ִ´֪ͨȫ֪ˡ
СһţصߣͣԼͷ
Ѿͷʵʲôˣ
¼ѽӣǣˡ
𣿡
Ȼǣ˵죬Ǹѣ˵ء
ҵĺѣ˵Ǽһ
ǵġ˵ˣϢһǵķˡ
겻ɵЦһ˵ѽû뵽Ҳôһ졣ʣһǾ¥ɵģһﻹǸǰһҲκ֮£κвġֵǣ£ˣҲֳ˴ĶѽƼڸʲô飬ǾȻ
Ƽڸʲôûʵȴʵ죬˾ȻСɾûˡ
˵ڣ˭ܾȵѽˣ϶ڶĳǿߡ
˵Ŀأ˽ͣǵĵܵܣոս壬ָôĶӣ˵ǸͣǲǸ
ͣǸڴʮķˣ
ûˣ
ˣһ˶ʮķˣôͻȻѹңӵǿʵѵ紫еǰ㣬壬ĳǿߡУȲȥˣȥǸͣ⵽ô¡
ӣ㲻ȥˣϾ͵
Ƽ壿
ǵģ˵Ƽͣȫˣſء
Цһ˵һװѽ
װӣ˼˵ǹģ
¥Ҹżҵģٲ¥ҲҡȴͬڼҪ׵ĺܣΪ˲ٱ¥ɧţ뽫¥עƵȥУ湻ġ
ӣ㲻˵Ǹ¹֮ΪʲôλУ
֪ôġˣˣҼҾ¥ȵ㻨ȥ
СֹӣеġˣοǴӦǰµġ
ƨĳɣǼϼһµף˵ʲôүү첻ˣƭؼȥȻƭܵЩϼһǺöϲģһȥ֮󣬶ҪҺÿ
С̾˿˵˵۶ǵǿߡûһǸɴµ
ѽСѾͷȻҽѵˡ
仰ɲ˵ģү˵ġ
ҹأÿ˶ÿ˵һưǵ£ֻԼ
ǹӣҲˣΨһ̳ˣôҪ̳мҵġţɲΪӸˡ
ʲôţЩĵҸġ
۶ǻӣһеĳǿ֮һ
Ҫ뿪ʱȺУѾ
쿴͹ӵˡ
Ⱥóһ·ӷ£ѾƼſڡ
ͬʱƼĴţڴ˿̴򿪣ֻƼһˣг֣Ȼϵġ
쿴ǲѽҪˡ
ӣģӵȷǿˣֱ͹ȡƼ͹ϸܾͣΪ˴лء
ˣ͹ӺεҪʲôһڣƶ춼ҪԹԵĴӦںʲôл
ƺХ̫ˬӡҵſɣһкϷݡ
ʵСӾͣ
Ӧþˡ
ɿǵУ·ûģʲôǿߣУ᲻ʲôᡣ
ӣ֪Ǹ͵ĵϸֱȥ̽һ²Ϳ𡣡
ѾͷҲңҿɲ׳ֵġ㣬ҹȥ̽һ£Ǹͣмˢӡ
Ƽ֮⣬ӷվƼֵǰϣƺХţ죬ǰ档
͹ӣǽǵһμɣ
ΪƼһϴҲƼĵһ̳ˣȻҪһǰкġ
ӷĵ˭
ɫͻ䣬ͣҲ̫Ŀ˰ɣƼſڣȻ˭
ô˵ԼƼģҲ̫
죬͹ӣˡ
ӷһ֣Ķǰ
ĸУ
⻰˵ĺܴĺͣҧгݡ
ӣƼμ̳ˡ
ŶƼμ̳ˣѵһΪ֮ϣ
ҲĶͣӷֱǰ˵ƴӣʵڲ˼ղű治֪˭ȻǳǿߣΪѾ϶쾳磬ȻҪܵصġ
ѽ˸ӣȻ˵ôԼʲôǿ߻ûʲôǣڳ˭֪ⳬǿߣԼƼһѽǸĵģ㣬ˡ
͹ӹˣµΪʥѡ
ʥ磿㿪ʲôЦܵܶ϶죬ΪģôûϢɡ
ͣ㡭
磬ȲҪŭ͹ڸ˵Цġ
֪ӣ˵ȥɾҪˡ
͹ӣȲ˵СܽǰҪлľ֮
СܣõģҿҲҴѽھȻԽݸһף˵ʲô֮˾֮ѽ
װѵҳӷ㶼
ʵڿˣ˵֮ʵǱлŶԡ£ҲñӼʶӵĳʵһ֮սǿߣֻ·һСģͱǿˣƣһеģﱾӴһУʹ˵ġʵӵͣҲ˱ӵһ⣬̣ӦôӦӳְﱾӵһУ±Ѿˣ
ˣⶼʲôʲôѽϵ׷ʲô£˭˭ѽ
û뵽ӷ˵ԭԼѳ֮Ҫһȥ˿϶֮õģոģͣһлԼѽڣ͵ı֣˵ĻѾ֪ԼĿƵġ
һ̣治֪˵ʲôˣԼʵ˵ǳӷԼǻ˵ĹȥԼʵ֪ģڼϳӷ練һУһʱͷӦҲ֪ô
ӷﻶϲС棬˵ɡȻ棬ҽ첻㣬þ¥ңҾþ¥ӵע㡣


1364 
ƼԱߵһΧǽ֮ϣ͸ڴ˵أ˵ĳ֣ûκ˷֣˶͸֮⣬ȻǵΪڡ
ټİǣ϶쾳ĳǿҲһϸոսǵҲˣˣδ͸ˣ֤͸˵Ϊ֮ϡ
ʲôϷҥԣΪ˱ܻǾ¥ʲôĿģ
΢һ͸ʵ
Ǹ˵ǰ㣬ڴʲộͺˡ˵ΪˣǸˣóʲôԣεĿģźܶˣѾµˡ
ʵϷ͸ǰ㣬ǻǾ¥Ż෴ֲܹ֮ܽǾ¥Ҳȥǣ¥
ô¥ǣټ½ϵгǿߣΪôԸôֻҪ¾Ϳˣ⣬ͲǸˡ
Ǿȿɣ͸ǣŶٽоǣ㶢סһͻȻΪ˵۶ǵʹߣһʲôԸġ
ţף۶ɽ¶ˮͻȻɳǸصĳѾ뵽Ǿ¥Ⱦָųǣ˻ᣬһһ磬۶ǵĻµ۶ǣҪЩĵˣ
벻ף۶ǵĳһôǾ¥鲻ݣصģҲ̫˵ɡ
¥ͽ½Щ˳Ǿ¥ĳǿֻΣǾ¥һвģǸ۶ǵسҲ¥ͬһ𡣡
ͬһ
һ͸´󾪣Լ¥¥ʲôĺܵأ˵۶ǵλسҲǵȼĻ˵½֮ϣͳλ϶۷徳ĳǿˣ
֮ԣۣ֮֮ټһ۶֮֮Уħ֮⣬һ۷徳ĳǿߣ
Ƽſڣǰ˵ˣûʲô°ɣ
ģûʲô󰭡һҪ
ڴ˿̣ͻأȺ֮УһӰƼϿգһǿҵĽסˡ
Ȼ̧ͷоһص԰ʮȫָסһֱѹԼûʲô⣬ڳʥǿҲӦöסˣ˵ˡ
ˣȫ˳ʮ֮⡣
ȻվһվĺܶȫûĻ
ҿ쿴ԭӸûˡ
ѽôƭң̫ˡ
Ļܵô࣬ǰͻһǿֱӽΧˣӷˣƺХڣΧȥ
϶쾳磡ӣȻֶѽ
ӷһЦҾ˵㻹˵ɣֻǸճһУԭα¶ˣӣţҿǶȲϡ
˶һסˣ͹ӣȴЦĳȺ֮Ĳòˡ
ССֶΣסˡѾı˵ʶңҿɶˡ
֣ƼϿճ֣仯ʮ֮󣬴ʮ֮
ؾ֣ǣ
һס˳ӷ磬ʵ㰲ŵģ
ϻôԵ飬㻹ʡ
ΪʲôҪĺӡ֮µĻ壬ĳΪ˰ǵһˡ
ҪģɲҪģҿɲԼ鷳ֻҪ˶֪ǰǸǣĻƽһ㡣
㣬㡭
ǱΪ֮¹ԼƼ֮ˣû뵽õĻᣬȻӷһָƻˡ
ǿɲôõĻᣬȻӷ粻ϣǾɡ
ǣһս
ǵΪҲ˶٣ֵģؾ֣ؾֵʱ¶˱ɽһǣʣǣܵеĹ
ӷҲûȥֹǣֻţŮˣȨ˰ɣ֪ԼܵеĹؾ֣ȥⲻҪ
Ƽ֮ϣȴҪƼȥ㣬㣬޷ɾ壬ὫΪ¶Ǹʱ嶼Ҫù
ӷɲҵһ֮أҪϻĵط
Ȩƣ˳ͷѽôŮˣ̣ȴΪŹôһĻᣬҪƵŹǰòϵѽ
ؾѾҲ˳ӷߣ˵ӣҪҪ󣿡
ëúõĳԵͷΪеСͱ컹ˣȥԺкӹ𡣡
ǹӣµģ󡣡
ʲô
֮ڣһлǣǵؾ֮ϣûģû⣬ǣˡ
˭󷨵ġ
Ӳ˵Ҫߴ𣬲ȻƲס
ϳ󡣡
ˣһҪһʱ֮ŻԶڼ䣬֮ˣҲ޿κεġ
ӷЦһѿ̫˵㣬֮£ɻкܶء
ϽҸطɣһ
ǿЦһʵ󣿡
Ժסʲôطҿɲһǹء
ǺðɣǾȻؼȥؾһʱԶصеġ
ǿƺܲεĴĶؼȥˣҲû취ѽóӷȥɡ
ϷĽѾγĹȫ·һһһܵģٶ֮죬գ֮䣬Ҫ̫ܣΪҪһͬʱĹֳ
һƣ컹ƺХ֮⣬ͬʱַһˣȫ˳ȥֻԼһոճǣλ֮ڡ
ǣҳ
ǣôܽˣ
֮˵ġ
֣ϳȥؾֵ֣סġ
ҪȥѾ̫˵㣬ʮѾʮΧγһǽǰΧڣУֻһȱڣǵȱڣڿٵĺ£
顭
ڴ˿̣һǹ죬ȱϣһССӰǹǵȱں£ٶȼ֮Ҳ֮ڡ
Ⱥ֮һɵ椡Ҳų֮ڣ£ĸˣΧסˣͬʱƶ죬ƼˣĶ֮Ҳȫ˳
ſڣոսǵ߳ǴǳˣȫǱɢĽ⡣
ʲô£ǳʵ
ǳϣƼǱߣˣ
׳ʲô£
ĿǰҲ̫ӦòСλ̸Ϲȥһ°ɡ
ɳǵĽë˵˵ӦġǰУǿ󷨡ǳϣòΪӭҵȵİɣǼһ
ëϲҪᣬϷҲ֪ʲô¡һȥɡ
ȻˣǾһȥɣϷҲ֪ʲôˣȻԲǿ󷨣һǣˣ
ǳԽӽƼǱʱԽоԼڵѪڣԼĻǣҲܵʲôв㣬ǿΪԵĻǸѹһɢԪң
ѵǴ˵еΧ˵ĻǶҿƣǿ󷨣֮ˣǾ·һѽ
Ű֮ƣ˵󣬶ǳ˵үүؾ֡
ؾ֣Ǹǣ
ûһġǱϹȥ治֪ᷢʲô޷Ƶ飡


1365 һǿ
ǳƼڵĽֵʱֵֻΧʮﷶΧ֮ڣѾһסˣͬǽڰ㣬һУˣȴѾˡ
ĹϷͣĻʹĵϳһԲζԲζǺܴȴʮ֮
Ȼ󣡡
ҿǰ󷨣֪ɵİһںؾ֮ڡңؾеʮнǿһֻҪǱ֮ڵûĻᣬһлǣ𣬶һƿ֮ˣ޷ջأҪһʱ֮󷨲ŻԶʧ
ǿ󣬿ɱϾΪƵģʥ۷徳£ʥ۷徳ǿߣû뿪󣬵ֻҪǳʥ۷徳磬϶쾳磬Ϳ׵ĵֵסǻٻ֮ʱһԶʧûˣ
ǳȼǵִϣ֮һһǣҲ΢ˣһ½ӣΪ˽֪һǸոʾʵС㣬Ҳ϶ľ磬˶Ҫֵס֮Ǿûġ
ɳ֮⣬ڣȻˣһߣһµӣһǹһߵС˶ǷǳİףΪִϵǳǼڵһʱ϶С򣬶ǰ֮ˣİ֮⣬ǵĴţͲǰǵķ̡
ڵ˭
ǳʵ
ϸ׸ߵӣ˵θߴļ£ӢŵǴһСǹӶǡ
˵꣬ϴŰ̺۵Ůǰ˵Ҽҹӣ
ʲôǻӣ
ǳ⼸ִȫһ£¿鷳ˣסǻõ㣬ϾԼǵˣΪһ󷨵ĳַʲôᡣɲͬΪᱻˣϾǵ۶ǵĴһǣ֪ΪʲôͱˣҪԼô۶ǽѽһõ۶ΪԼҪһġ
ǣǵʲôطˣȻʱطһⲻڸȫ鷳
ϸϷ
үү²̫ܡȻǲ´󷨣һ֪ʲô֪Բҵġ
ͣˣǸǣǸ𣡡
үү˼ǣ£͸ģ
һϡ
ιϼһ˵˭أ
ӷûн󷨣Ȼ֮⣬Ҳ֪һǣԼͷģڼ⼸ϼһϹʱ̳ǳ߿
ͣʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼ǲΪǱӸɵİɣҲӳźòӿûôĶ
˿̣һϵͣϸϷ󷨳
ƶӣӸ˹
ûиֻ۾Ҹɵˣ󷨣ӿɲᡣ
Ȼᣬ󷨺ؾеڳؾ֮Ѿ㣬µǸǻ𣡡
ıﻹԩǼϼһû֤ݿɲôԩ˵ġӣ۾Ǹô浱ˣ첻ѧã֪ɻ˵ġ
ۡ
ԱһŮЦӷתͷһΣ⸱ݣǲҹάѽҲ̫˵ɡ
СŮӿӦøλ޹أҼҹҲµģǾ͵һʱɡ
ȻǸСѾͷŮ˼ұϾҲǴ۶ģȻԼ˶˵ˣԼŸëѽ
Ķӣͣ
ӷǰʵûȥܱڵС
ǡ֪λСʲôˣ
СŮǵ۶ŮͬҼҹǰǣҪһСķɣû뵽һǣǼС㣬͹ӡ
Ů
ӷ粻ɵЦ˳һЦе棬ʵ͹ӣЦʲôѵһ㶼İȫ𣿡
㶼ҹӣΪʲôҪȥҽ㡣˵ˣ˵һŮΪһˣۿԼΣգ㲻һ㶼ģ߹˵ŮŮͬѽ
ǵݵŮֻǸˡ壬ǼˣݵȼͬġǼҼҹӣλЩŮ˿壬ŮҲʸ񷢱ģֻҪǼ£ҲЩŮ
ӣ壬һرĴڣôһ˵ӻȥ۶Ǽʶһˡ
һлģֻϣᣬתΪΪжԵĻᡣ͹ӣջҪ鷳㣬Ͻ󷨣ȻҼҹӲںһ󣬵еʱƢɲ̫ãһŭǣҪùˡ
ͣټһӣ˵۶ģ϶쾳ĳǿߣһҽ֮ڣ϶쾳ǿߣҪһ󷨣ӦòѰɣȻˣֺα鷳ء
͹Ӷ󲢲˽⡣󷨣ǽⲻƲ˵ġ
Ȼ֪ⲻҲƲˣǻҳⲻԼԼĶ𡣡
֮ǰѾ˵͹ӵˡһ֮壬պڹѸ֮綾һ󷨣ӦѲɡ
ӷ˫յϲͣĴţ˵ǸŮ˲򵥵ĻǰССŮ»Ǹ֮ѽ
ʲôѽôָŮˣǿĴڣӣתҲ̫˵ɣ⼸ŮŪȥĻ֮ȥΪԼõĻôδǣѽ
ӷҲˣһƣ˵Ұ㣬û⣬ȴӦҲŰ㡣
СŮûˣ͹ӣز¶ѽ
øҿ۴ñӣֻҪӦ£ھͳ󷨡
˵˵ֻҪСŮܰĵģһ
ӲҪҪ
ðɣҲҪ˵˵ʲôѽ
ڻû뵽뵽ٸ㡣
²еġ
УǾͲ˼ˣǵ۶Ǹֲѣ֮ϣټʮ󷨣֪ǻӵΪܲ˿𣿡
ʮ󷨣Ǿֵʮȫˡ
͹ĻǣҲ˿ġ
ӷ粻мһЦʵ֪ʲôĳǿ𣿡
϶졣
ˡ
Ŷǻ͹ʾ
ӷ翴յһ䣬һɣǿݣ


1366 
ӷĻһ̽յ㣬һǻҪһ򱶵ķ紵ϰ㣬ջĲ
ɭ񣬷ǾѪȵĳģֺһ۵ıֻ֣ĿģһеֶΣַǵ磬ʮͷȴϰʮ㣬ǰ꣬ǲ紫˵еǰ㣬ڴʮ͡
ղȥԼ۾ӷˣҲδĿ£ȻʲôҲɾ͵˵ڵĻԲκȥе١
㣬˭
յ˫Ųɵĺ˼һ֣ӷ֮ĶԻƶǵ˲ûע⣬ΪЩˣȫע֮ڡ
ӷҲǲĲŵǰվյһ֮ң˫ۣû˿ĸı䣬˵ң͡㣬ʲô𣿡
պȥɣǰһͲǸͣˣֲȥɣֻɣ̫߼ˣ
ʱ䣬ڳӷյĶнĹȥڵˣûܵκε˺סǣסСʹǿޱȣû󣬶ˣûκε˺
ԣһƵͷϷںһҲϣӷ磬յĵΪؼġ
ˣӷԴӳʹδ˵ǸĻϷǳŮˣǸ̷ǳҰĵŮˣôգǿǵĽ壬ûȥе㣬˶֮⣬ͬʱҲ֪һ󷨣Ǹӵġ⣬Ƕڳӷ͹ӵĿ֮ǰվѾ֪͵飬ɾҲǵ֮Ƽ֮⣬ô˲֪ģôΪʲô֪飬ջǰ֪
ˣͲΪκãͬģκ˶ϣĴڣֻܶ˴޴в
ôģ
Һɱ㣬ûɱİաҪģҿΪһôľ硣ֿԿ϶һ㣬ԲǳǿߣǸǣҲǳǿߡ
Ŷ֪ղ˵Щ㹻ʮεˡ
֪ҲţֻҪҲЩ˵ҸͲҪʮһ㹻һˡ
Ů˴
˵ǿǣ
û
Ҳ˵Ͳˣ
Ůˣġ
Цһ˵Ǹղţʲôû˵˵𣿡
ȷһ֪أ
գһŮ
Ȼ㲻ʵݣҲˡ֮òҪңΪǰЩҵˣǲС
šҲҪһ㣬ǧСĿ

ĻҲö˵Ǻܿ컹ġ
תͬʱһʱѾȥˣԶʧΧˣҲȫһ
ǣС򣬶ƽ뿪󷨣󣬾Ȼˣûκε˺
֣겻ˣû뵽μ棬Ȼ
Цһû󷨵ϣС򣬸
֣û뵽ȻǣòǴ۶İɣ
˵㱽𣬺ܶʱֲҵùǳǼϼһˡ
Ȼ˶ѾˣȻҪúõĿɲ˵С
˫һתǣɵĿЦһ˵ӣεϢǼٵġ
̻ղĻԼˣԣԼǳǿߵ飬ҲѾ֪ˡ
ǰ꣬˭֣Ѳǡ
ǣһ¡
˺˵ýˣ໥֮ĳƺһǲµĵġ۶ǶĻӣΨһ̳ˣ
ЦС㣬õģ֮£Ǽ֪㱣֤ȻԲе֪ˡ
˵ǣ˵һԾŶɷľǡ
ȻǻӣңҲһ͹ӡ
ŶС˵ģͣ
ûڡ
һתڳܶˣƫƫûӷ硣
С㣬û°ɣˮʵ
û¡أ
Ӳ֪ȥˣˣǰˡ
ļһһȥôˡ
˵ҲҪǸܵˣοɱˡ
˵󷨣͹Ӹģ
ǣֵһ¡
ӣ͹ӻ治ͨؾֵĴˣҲ£һȥһᡣ
ǰ˵ӣȰ°ɣ
˵ͷ˵Ѿˣ飬㴦û±ңԼɡ
գϴ̵ĳŮˣ˵ϵʣ൱ڡ
˵һŮ˵ʣκһ˺òĻǸŮˣ˵ĹУ
ʵ֣֪λǡ
֣ҵŮ˶ǣҪĻٴӵ۶ǽмܸ㡣ŮˣҪ𡣡
ǲҪҪʵ˶ҪŮˣǻһôŮˣң⻰ǴĿ˵ġ
ѾǳעˣһҪ𣬿ӣ۶ǵ̺۵Ůˣ
Ц¶ǰǵˣСŮգˡ
Цһ˵ҴỳɻֵĻԣС㣬¿ܲ𣡡
ˣҼҹֻҿЦˡ
䣬Ķ˵СͣΣյĽɫ
㶼ôĵģӵȷѽİɣ֪ô
˿̣ǵһӽͷܵƶ켸ǰ˵λϣѾˣǴˣۼԽӼ
ǳʱôˣ
Ҳ֪ͻȻƹضġ
ǳ໥һۣҲ˵ʲôǵĴǰһ˵ǣ㶼ˡ壬ȥ͹ɡ
˫ֱȭ˵ãȥҵܹܵ


1367 
ӷɲɵǱߣһһʱԼ鷳ǿߣԼɲȥĿǰΪҪģ취Ϊȥ
ڳӷջصʱѾһ˶ûˣˣȫǱߣһʱǻزģӷҲԳᣬһ²񷶦ܸܲԼ
⣬ڲ񷶦ڵԴӷҲʱѧˣƾĿǰЩԴ˵ԱǴ½ҲûùЩǿ̫࣬ǣѾ϶쾳ĳǿߣӷ粻ɢȥˣǰ˷ѵЩʱ䣬ڣҲʱ򲹻ˡ
˫Ÿһ̤ţͻȻӷ͸оһӴ֮ԴӴ֮Դ壬ΪˣԳǵ˶ǱߵĻһֽһɧ
ô£ǿ֮ԴΪʲôȫۼ塭֮ԴǾۼģǡĳطɢģ
֮ԴУۼһ֮ԴӷѾ˿ĺˣֵ֮Դ̫Ӵ󣬴һǿ߶ɻ䣬Ӵ֮ԴȻǴĳطɢģͲòóӷٴκ
֮Դɢλȥӷһ䷿ſڣⷿǱһѴģӣ䷿˽룬ѵʲôǿķɣ
ѽ˵ΪǿķӦǸӣǸԼҲ򲻿ĺӣ廹ʲôǿķǲܲóģǲ뱻֪ĴڣҲܷһ۵ķڣôסѽ
ֻ̫࣬ۿĶǲʵġ
ӷߵſڣһƽţ֨һԶ˿
ڷŴ򿪵һ˲䣬ֻһǵصӷڳӷĽвãʩչԱȥ
顭
ǿӷųֱӾͽǰһ޴ʯը˷飬ʯ׶ѽһɽ㣬ȴô׾ͱըˣɼ˵εı̬
ӷ޷ȥֱ棬һôľ磬Ҳ˵ֻûоֵ֮ģǿ֮Դۼһ
壬ȻǿΪʲô廹û䵽˵زǿԳưˣҲǵֵסġ
ȻǿΪֱȻǲκ˵ˣⷿڣǴ½ϣһķڡ
ӷٳҲٶʲôֱӾͳ˷䣬ٶȽȥģϾǳһ֮ǲڶˣܽεǿǱ̬˷ָˣӷҲţǿڡ
뷿һֻ̣ڼǿտҲһŴ֮⡣
û˿⣬Ҳ˵ûдģڳӷ뷿ͬʱţԶر
˿̵ĳӷ˫е㷢㶣Ϊӷ粢ûڷڿκεķ෴ŴϣȻһˣһڴϵˣźȴ˫ĿգڴһҲڣɢǿ֮Դ
ӷǳסˣסˣѵղǿǴӴڱ壬Ȼôܣˣʲôˡ
ģӷǰȥڴϽ˫Ŀһ֮ˣ˵ͣӷ࣬òмֵƣѵ˾ǡ
ͣǵ׵ܵܣ
ûڴϵ꣬ͣǸ˶ʮǰֻͣǳӷ벻ǣͣھȻۼǿ֮ԴҲ̫̬˵ɣ˵֮Դܳסģ˵һͨˣһǿߣһʱ䣬Ҳܽǿ֮ԶۼѽӲҪΪֱۼ֮ԴĻͣһ۷徳ĳǿѽ
ܣԲܣһˣһ˶ʮˣھȻԾۼǿ֮Դû˿˺Ҳ̫˼˰ɣǸҵĲ񷶦ˣ
ӷ綼ʵۼ֮ԴԼĲ񷶦Ҳδۼ֮ѽһѹǽһô̬Ĵڣ
Խ϶죬һȫµľ磬Ǳضģ
Ĵڣڳӷļֻ˶ѣһǽδһԼĸףۣ
̬Ĵڣֻֽһǳɾͳ۷壬һǻԵĴڣͣĵһ֣ǵڶ֡ңʮӦû˷㣬ǣҲԲ֪ҽͷͨķڣͲ±˸ٵ岻ɣҲ˵ڵǿ֮Դֻн죬ֻڣűǵһαΪʲôôأû֣ո磬ĳӷˡ
ͻأ͵壬ɢǿҵ⣬֮ڣִŽ⣬ʹ͵壬͸ҽȫ
ΧһͼڣЩͼγһ磬ʹĹ޷䡣
ʲô£
ӷȥ͵巢䣬ǿܻΣյģΣգΣգӷɲɵ
Ҫȥȴ򲻿ˣ䷿Ѿӡ˵ˣǿ޷ͨˡ
ӷ翪ʼоһϢĸоڵĿҲڱɣڵ֮Դȫ˳ⷿڣγһԵһǿ󵽱̬еı̬ΪĹϵ䲢ը


1368 ͵ڶԼ
ǿ֮Դڷȴ۳һģǷɢ˲ͬĵط֮⣬ڽ̣ͬһҺƵģڷ䲻ͬĽ䣬̳һıЩеˮγһǵ״ɢǿҵ⣡
ӷվڴߣͣת壬ŷǵıٿ˿ͣһУ̫֣Ҳ̫˼ˣ
ô£Ϊʲô֮ԴȻ̳εģ
֮ԴһεͬĴڣڣɢ֮ԴȻ̳ˣǳӷǰδҲδŹġ
ܿ죬ڴǱɢ֮ԴҲֹͣȫĹ⣬Ҳʧ
һжѾָӷ֪֮Դ̳͵ıɴʮǿǣ⾿ôһأ
ʱ򣬳ӷһСģŲȵһͻأ̼俪ʼڻɳӷĽţգۼںϽ˳ӷڣӷڵʱڵС棬ٶȣűڻӷڵ֮ԴȫۼСеء
ӷȻоԼڵС棬ȻһСʹĳӷ󾪲ԡ
Ҫ֪ÿһԴСе򣬶ǰΪĸߵͷΪٵģΪԽߣСеСԽ࣬ȻǣΪ׵ģСԽ١
ǰĳӷ磬ڵСҲǼѣڣȻһǺԵĶһֻڶСͬʱӷ粢ûиоԼΪѽһûҲ̫˵ȥ˰ɡ
һӷ壬һղǰ㣬ʼڻΪ֮ԴӳӷڽڣСУʹĳӷСеСڲϵĳֵСҲڲϵĳͣ
ֻСȴǿΪҾͲаˡ
ȻЩԼκε˺ǳӷͺܲģеıȫԼڣڱתΪ֮ԶȫԼڣֵ֮СеСҲڲϵ࣬һʮڳӷ罫бȫ֮󣬳ӷ羪˵ĸоԼС֮С򣬾ȻΪһǧ
ѾǧСһôĸ½һٸСΪ˵ǿˣӷڵΪƷľ磬һٸСȤǾͿֱʥ׵ľˣأӷСеСѾһǧˣΪȻûһļҲ̫˰ɣǲֱ
СһǧС򣬰˵ѾʥǿˣҵΪȴɱŲ䣬ʲô˼Ǹӵ𣬾ҪӵҲӵѽ㲻Ϊ٣Ҳһðɣ
ӷãû˿ɵģӳڣûӷҲʶһ㣬ԼĶԼҪüŬתΪԼģʹԼͨΪҪѣǰҲûֹѽôģֻҪҵڣԼȱ˶ŬʮԼҲԸģϾԼϣʹδ
һתӷ翴ڴϵͣѲɣ⣬ͳСӵϡ
Щڵ֮ԴγɵģЩ֮Դǿ󣬵ԼڣҸԼں֮󣬷û֮ˣѵΪ͵Ϊ
ӷڿԿ϶ˣҪôܽ⣿
ڴ˿̣⣬
ӣ𣿡
ļһˣԼǲܴطһоɡ
ӸһҪ뿪ʱȻ䣬ӷڵС棬ԶڿٵתһתͬʱҲǧСһת
¡һӷˣǾɽѹ㣬ѹĵ˵ϣǶˣһѹóӷоһִĵʹ
·ȫĹͷȫѿˣ·ȫƤȫѿˣ·ȫѪҺȫš
ã֮ԴȻң
ӷû뵽ڲ񷶦ᷴԼˣԼղ̼õЩûõȻԼСڣʼԼҲ̫˰ɣ˵ģ
ӷ粻֪ڸǺʱӷ벻鷢ˡ
ΪСڵʼԼԼѪȻ֣ԼͷɢǿҵѪ⡣
ѪڲҪ㱣ϸӹ
ӷ漱ˣѪҪΨһķԼڣһ˵ʿҲҪˣ
ӷ粻鷢ҪֹһУΨһķǽСرյ
񷶦ֻܿˡ
ȻСԶģҪرգǼ̫ܣСڵҲֹܻͣɵģӷҲֻܽ񷶦ܲܽղսСȫתƵ񷶦֮ڡ
ӷ뷨ʧˣΪղŵЩѾСںΪһ壬ҪЩת񷶦ǾͱͬСһתȥһɱʲô
Ѫڲϵĳӷǿһ׿ˣǾͻӳӷϣֱӽڣǸʱһжѾˡ
ô죿ڸô죬ʿǾԲѹģȻԼûѹϴζǿ׳۲ƷʿģԼҲǸĻͲӵǴ½ˣһδҲˡ
ô˵Ǹ߲ѽȻΪ벻취Ǿõ߿ƼҽƷɣѪתƵ˵ȥҲֻʱΣڽѪתƵ˭ȥӣ£Ҳֻһˡ
ӷһᣬ֮ʿ᲻ѣΪҪģǲԼΪʿ
һǣֲԼҵˣǲܽѪģôһǡѪӦ˵ȽͱѪȫŸɣڷѪͬʱԼѪҺ͵ڣԼͣ͵һˣѪһʱŵȥġ
뵽ӷ絥һᣬһۣ͵ϣһĿӣڵѪٵͬʱӷҲԼϻһӣһʹԼѪ͵Ĵڡ
߷Ѫ߳ķɣѹ¾һǿߣҲԳܰɣԳӷĿǰΪ˵Ǹӳܲסġ
ɫ̼Ĳ԰壬ٵԶסǿѹ
ڣʱ仹ļģڵѪȫŸˣӷ罫֮һѪҺ͵ڣѪҲڴ˿ֲ̣˭Լ˵ģϳӷ罫һգƾķɣĳѪֱ϶ͲԼˣѪһֱӾͽڡ

ͻѪ⣬壬һη䡣
ãʿҪˣ
ӷ¸ˣӣԼǵòʧѽһû˵ǽʿ˳ʿԼѣκѣͷԼҲ·һѽ
ʱ򣬳ӷڣɢһǿҵĺڹ⣬ڹ֮Уһǿ
ڰԪأǰҹˣԽӾްҹܲܽⷴɵѹ
Σɲʧˣһʧܣӷɾûˡ
ҹԶһУԶģ治֪һɺϣʲôڱŵģɳӷοɲţ˭԰ŵɺϡ
ҹһãȴֱӽ˳ӷС֮ڣǧСУһ֮ͬ
ɣȻǷҵӾްҹҲ̫˼ˣģ
ӷһϲأӦûʲô˰ɡԼûˣʿҲǸ޴鷳ѽ
ϵѹڼᣬӷվȴ֣ڵͣòȻ˱仯
ʿʿͣȻ˵ڶӷ磬ûڣⷿڣȻӷ磡
һôĸһģһˣѵǻѪĹϵ


1369 ۷
һ˻Ѫ֮òҲı𣿴𰸺ԣԲᡣ˵ǻȣֻҪᣬ½ȫвλȻһ£Ҳһ˵ģ
ǣǰͣȷǱˣò˳ӷ磬ߣΣҲȫӷһģһˡ
ǹУرࡣ
ӷ綼Լ۾⵽ôһ£ΪʲôͻԼѪҺ֮󣬾ȻԼңѪѾ͵ںˣ˳ӷͳ岻ͣڶòı֮Ҳûı仯ѽ
ճӷ֪ԼʿʱǸµĹһ廹ãһԳ򣬵ͣҲû˿仯Ϊʿѽ
һ̫ˣȲ˵֮ԴΪԼĻóӷҲ𰸡
鲢ûоʹ˽ӷҪǰ۲һʱȴ֣ڣͻȻðһ⣬⣬ǣһӰӰǻ仯ɳӷò͡
Ԫ񣡡
ӷȥ͵Ԫ񣬾ȻͷųˣûκԤ׵֮£Զͷ˳
漴ֻ͵Ԫ¡һ죬ֱը˿
ӷҪȥֹԼֻһ͵壬ɲѽԪһʲôˣ
С棬һȻԴǿ֮ԴǾͱضСڡ
ۿ͵Ԫ壬ڷԻ٣ӷΪ֮͵С滹Ǵڵģӷ뾡һа취סС棬һԪͬСһˣͣҲͳ군ˣ
͸ԪԶһӷļȥСѽһǰ͵ڣͻȻֱһǿӷǽߣʹĳӷ޷ڵһʱ俿͡
С͵棬ٴ͵ð˳˷İ֮С
ˣɲ̫档
ô˵Ƕȹӷ磬˵ӷѾ飬ǽ͵ݣñ˵ݣͷȴΪԼĹϵ˸ɱˣǳ׵ɱˣǲ̫ˣ
ѽʲô㣬Сɲܻѽ
ӷҪڵɢ͵Сѹڣȴϣҹ˿̾ȻȽӷѹסˣ׼ȷ˵ѹס˳ӷڵĳӷڶʱ֮ڣ޷ӳ
͵СڷİпתΪҲɢǿҵ⣬ӵǿ󣬵ȵӷշסҹʱСеѾ뿪͵С֮ڣҳӷٵĳ˹
ӷֻǰһ͵С棬ӳӷüĴֱӾͳ˳ӷڣһֻС㣬ڽӷʱڳӷڿٵת˼Ȧ漴򣬾Ȼ漣ģֱӾͽ˳ӷСС
֮ǰɳӷбҹѹסˣ͵˳ӷСʱҹԶ뿪˳ӷС棬صԭλá
ʲô£
ӷ֮࣬͵Ѿڳӷڿʼ֮ǰӷڵҲڴ˿̣ʼڣ֮ǰγɵǧСʮ֮һڳӷСڿʼ
ǿ֮Դٷɳӷˣ෴ӷ籾Ϊһ壬ͬһ˵ڽΪһ֮ڣʮ֮һѾ˵СҲϰٸСȫڳӷСɢǿҵ⣡
е֮Դʮ֮һСʼںϣںʮ֮һС֮ڣÿһСɢһ⣬е⣬ȫ͵֮ϣ͵һ⣬ӷһ
һĻ̫죬쵽ӷӦӦʱӷоԼڵڼٵıǣֱӷ壬Ҳİʱĳ͵Сȥ
˿͵СУѾˣһԴߵСûǾ͵û֮ûֻ֮³һǻ𣬶һ֣˼ʱûСסΪԼá
Щӷǲģƶ͵СʱСٵɢ˿·͸ӷΪһ壬ųӷıǣС棬Ҳڲϵɢ
ô⵽׷ʲô£Ϊʲô͵ܵҵСȥΪʲôС棬ҵγһ㱣Ĥ
ӷ˵ǰ㣬͵С棬ѾӷòţС棬Ϳʱڳӷγһ㱣Ĥ
Գӷо㱣Ĥǿһʥ۷徳ǿʮǿģ֮ᷢʲô£ӷɾͲö֪ˣ
¡¡
䷿䶼ʼ𶯣˵嶼ʼ
ʲôطôˣǵ𣿡
˴ĳӷļûȻһһʱġȻûأ˻ˣǶǻԼģ߷ô޴ĶҲһٸϹġ
У뾡콫𶯸ѹסȻ鷳ˡ
ڴϵͣѾò˳ӷ֮⣬ڵǸˣһûС棬ûԪˣһˣȻź㣬ӷԵĸо
ãҪͻԭеļˣҪˣ
ӷڵ֮ԴѾֱӳԽ˳ӷԭܵƣڿٵͻƣ
⣬ɳӷĶͷȫһıѿӷƷΪ˿ֱ̣Ʒľ磬ûоʹֹͣ
òַǰɣ
̫ˣƷѽڵǿֱӾʹƷƷִƷƷ
۷徳磡
ӷ¿ɲˣǲģϲΥĸоѽһĸоѽָоֻˣ
Ͻȫջأɲֱӳ
ӷڵиƽϢϾ𣬲ֱӾջصģԼһ޷Ӧ
ڽƽϢ֮󣬳ӷ彥أ˫صͬʱС棬ҲʧˣеҲʱȫջؽС֮ڡ
С棬һڣһڡڵС棬˻ãڵС棬ȴӵ
ѽͣһУɺϣѾעģҲǽݣڣһУҲȫùˣǣҵѪأ
ӷȻԼѪɻ͵ѽɱһСһֵǮˣ޼֮ҵѪһС棬һĻҲ̫˵ɡ
ҪѾڵСջأӷ첻ˣô첻ң͵òҲѾԭӡ
С鷳ˣļһѪ
ӷȻɢһɢ͵壬ȻӴϣ͵վңòһαΪ˳ӷ磬ˣڲ䡣
ãʿ
ӷȥջأٿʱ˴ϣһлָԭӸԭò
ӷ˫ķǳ˵ɣ壬òᱻҵס˰ɣ


1370 ҹ
˵ѽ⵽ôһѽԼȻ͸סˣ͵һУȫתƵԼˣԼѪӣ޷ڳˣһĻۣҲ̫˵ɡ
ӷں˵ļһϽĶûȥϰҵѪɣĻ˵ڣ̫Цˡ
ڳӷ粻֪Ǻǣǽ֮ϣͻȻʾһźڹ⣬ڹǽϽĳͣγһ֡
ӷ磬СӺɡôԾͣ͸һҪȫԼˡ
Ӿްҹ
ǽ֣ӷдĳ嶯ļһǺӾްҹĹԼ˵Ϊʲô鷢Ѫѣ;ͱԼС򣬻ȫԼˣ飬ǺӾްҹŵģ
쵰ڰһǺҡѪ
ӷȻǰ˵ӾްҹһԪʲôڸγ֣Լ
ɳӷһϣھһѪѪ͵ڣٵƳ
ãѽҿɿƲʿ
ӷһշһץסѪѪӵе̫ǿڳӷвͣţͬһ㣬̶
ոյ۷徳磬Ϳž磬ܲѪ
ӷһǿȫ˳ѪҲڴ˿̳װ
ӷص˿ϴͬʱͣٴδվΪԼģΪѪѾ뿪壬ҲӵгѪ仯Ϊʿ
ɾûгѪΪʿڵ֮Դ˵Ҳ൱ǿģ壬ڲϵ֮ԴԴԴϵա
ӷ翴վͣȻһﱻԼסˣǾ߼·ӷôƣͿƿơ
棬ò˵κӾްҹ͸һƾҴ͵Ǵ½飬Ͳƽˡ
ӷ΢ƽڴϣһڹ⣬ڹֻڴϣһףһɫס
ͬʱҹҲӳӷ˳ƶǸɫ֮ϣգۼ䣬ҹɫ׽Ϊһ壡
ǽϵ֣һת䣬仯һ֡
Сӣҹֻǿе֮һˣ⸱ҹףϰҹǿе֮ⷨ޷ʹõģԣͰźãͣ˺ڰԴߣ壬ʹӵķףԺ󣬾ΪСˡ
ǽϵֶʱʧڣȻɢ˺ڹ⣬ڵȫתΪ˺ڰԪء
ĺӾްҹһҲ̫׼˵ɣʱ䣬ŵɺϣ
ӷһζԺӾްҹһηУò˵һֲ̫˵㣬͹ˣ֮ڵĻĵˣԼϿ֮⣡
ҹ״͵ϣҹ͵Уһ˷İ֮Уųӷջأ˴ϣϵİ׸еİҹҲʧˣ˵ǽڣòҲΪԭӡ
ŵһ亹Ļ쵰´ʲôţܲȸʾ
ӷĺӾްҹһ棬Ҳ֪һĺӾްҹ˭ԼߵһǣȻӾްҹѾ˵ˣһΰӷ磬Ժ󣬾;Բˣ˵֮⣬ɵţֻʲôʱ֣صֻʲô֮أ
벻飬ӷҲȥ룬ͼȻڣкҲῴʲôһĵطӾްҹһӢһˣ
ѪصԼеĸоãһбֲ𣿲仯Ǳ仯ǣӷ磬һԼ
ǰӷһ֮ս¡Ժ󣬶һͣһٵԼǾ͵ǶһҪߵͬһĽɫݰ㣬ӷͲҪԳֵģڱסͣǸٵԼӦǰеˣʱ򣬿һϣ˵ʱüٵԼͷԼרںͱӣָоˬ˼ѽ
ѾǸ׵ˣҪҳ˲ͬĵطǾźԲϵ֮ԴԭΪѾ飬û뵽ǷˡͣģȻҵСΪˣҾͿ㱣ֻ֤ҪҳӷǴ½һ죬壬ͲᱻκһģǾ¥Ҳܡ㣬һ·ߺðɣ
ӣӣʲôطءѾˣҪԽӼ߳ǴҵҪҪԱȫء
ãЩһѾҵˡ
ӷҲȥͣȻⷿɶʮ꣬Ȼᱻ˷֣Ҳᱻ˻ɵġ
Ӱһӷ뿪˷䣬ֱӾͳ֮⣬ֳһոմӡ
ʲôӸճ궫ˡЩһҲ̫ˣһ˶ûУûǮԸҪǩ
˼ӷ߽ǰ˵ӣǿȥɣˣڵˡ
ȥҪȥԼȥ
ǹӣ弸һνأһηǳõĻᣬֻҪıó⣬պ󣬶л߲֮С
ӷһ룬ԼղŲ˵Ҫ帺ģڻˣȥҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ŶȡһеķϣΣ͸һ˰ɣԺ˲磬Ҳˣ磬ǻʱ
ʲô磬յûãһǷΪҲѾ۷徳磬ϣ᲻Ҫʲô²źã淢ʲô£ͣҪȥѽҲҼʶһ£ĸоһôĳ̶ȣ


1371 
дһſڣˣʸģǸˮ֮⣬ˣҪţϾͺñϺûһݸλˣǽȥˣ
Ѿкü꣬ü˶δˣſڣ弸μû뵽һֵõĻᣬԣΣǶҪúðסλᣬڳ߳ǵĴǰú¶Լţһε½
Ǽ˵һȥ͹ҪסҪ˵ǧҪֳһӣΣõķᡣ
Сģһ˵ġСҲҪСһ㣬ƼǼѾʼˣһʲô£Ҫ֪ͨǣһһʱȥġ
ЩԼˣǰǵԼ˿ЩˣҲȫԼĳԣЩǰǴδйСļӡ
Ǿˡ
ࡣˮ̣ľȴС࣬һʲôǱڵвҲһܵһʱ䷢ֵģǵҪչ˺ôС㡣
ˣǾͷİɣһ鷢һһʱ䵲ڴСǰġ
ˮ֮⣬֪ǳǿߵǼٵģǶʶĲǳ£ûȥ룬ǵΪѾһôľ硣
˿̣Ƽˣ⼸ˣҲѾȫſڡ
һߣ˵ǣǰأе㲻Ծܻᷢʲô顣ҪסǶǰǵˣһ鷢ǧܷڲìܣһ¶⡣
⻰˵ĲģȻӲκ飬Ҳ֪ԼƼ֮أһǳ£ԼƼ壬Ҳûʲôûˣ
İɣ֪ô
оǣ鷳Ǹܵ˵һǧҪڳǰ̫ˣԸ񣬿ܻ鷳ġ
ǵĵľӷˣԼ͸ʲô飬Ҳûĵ
ҾɣƢ˵ʲô£Ҫ鷳æ
æ˵Цˣʵûʲôܵǰʲôæѽ
ȷ֮ǰҪ¥עתƵӷȥɽأӷôһ֣ԼҪڽʵչֳӷ磬ð͹ӣֻԱ߿ְˣ
ûгſڣȴˣһˣŵ۶ġ
ˣλС㣬֮ǰѾˣ۶ǣҲϣʱһʲô£ǰǸ۶ǣһ𡣡
еţŵģʲô¡
СãϣܳΪѡ
СˣСŮֻһŮˣҼҹӲϲϢֳϣҲֲҴ۶ѽ
ջ䣬һŮ˵
岻£Ůǵ֮Сʵ̫ǫˡ
Ҳɴ˿̸ң֮
տһɣΣյ˵ͷʺ˰ɡ
ǰߣ˵忭С㣬ܸܼ۶ǿߡ
֮ǰЦݣɵҽܺȻʧΪһ࣬˵ҲʲôǿߣֻһͨԴ߰ˡСĴһŹģǵ۶ǵĳЩ棬ǳӿС㡣
𣬼ȻˣҲͷˣ٣ҵѾ˵۶ǵĸ߲֮С
߲㣿˵Ǹ߲𡣡
նһ䲻᲻صĻת˵ӣСŮӾȽȥˣҲǳõȡ
С롣
սʵǲʲôʱˣ
ңˣôܣֻǸСѾͷˣӿûȣôȥ۶ǵһ壬ˣ壬һӣǸأ
ЦһҲ˵ʲôˮһͬں档
ӲȻһŮŮһĿ˵ӣǽô
ǧҪС˵۶ǵκһˣǸաΪ𡣡
𣿡
ԭΪ۶Ƿ棬붯˻ǰû뵽ӣҲֻǸӰˣ۶ǵǸա
ʲôݣȻԴ۶ǣӣĻӣ
ϸһ£ѾսյıӰ˵ɫ޷࣬ѵ
˵˭
ңڻûʸ֪۶̫飬ԺȻ֪ġ֮ǸգһȻӸĽɫǲҪȥΪҵ۶˺ֻͣҪһ仰֮ա
ҺݺͷԼŴ½ĳƺţȴ֪գʲôˡ˵ǿǵ۶һĽɫѽѵ۶йϵ
ٶʲô֪Խ࣬Լ壬Խûô
ɼȻǸյݣ۶ҵﶼҪɻ䣬ԼΪλҪҺһᣬύǸգ񲻸ã


1372 
ѾҷֿڷźΣǵߣ߳ǵĴұߣļǣδй˵ԣǰսϣû뵽տԹһϯʱÿһƽ͵ġ
˵ΪӷĹϵлˣҲ棬⼸ٶ˳ϢߣĿǰֻˡ
ˮվǺǲڣϾ֪ԼΪģӷ粻Ҳȶˡ
ˮ̣ǼһΪʲôû
ʳ⣬ֻ̫ţʵǲ϶ӷ絽׻᲻˵ԼϵһͣϵһжԼ޹أǾͲòΪ֪߳ǵĴΪʲôģԼͻȻ֮Ϊһǿߣ߳ǵĴҲۼڴˣǣȫ̽Լġ
С㣬ģѾȥˣôһġ
ˮ̱Ҫ࣬ûճӷ߳ǵĴӣҪġ
߳еĴ˿ȫעǣ֮ǰûȥע⣬ĳ֣ʵ˾һڣȻ鶼ѾȥˣֲǰǹҪԼЩһҲʱ򿴿λĴС㣬ûд˵еǰ
۶ǵգһ˫۾ǵϲͣĴţǺǲڡ
ңȴŵĴǳվߵǰ˫ȭһ˵С㣬ʵҲͦԵֵġԣգмݵơ
ճ󣬿˵Ƿǳ֣̺ۣκһˣȥ࿴һۡϵʣȴڲͬģΪ۶ŮʲôŮӣֱһλǧС
Ҳҿոûʺãǵ˵ͷ˵ֻ֣һƺˣͬǵ壬һƤң
մ˿ʲô˼˵ò⣬м֪е⡣
ɼȥ׽飬ɲɵϣȻ֪Ŀĵġ
Ͻ
ǳ˵
ǳ֮ǰ˵գǸ򵥵ĽɫҲ˸ͬ뷨
֮£ǿܻ𲻱Ҫ鷳ɷģҰ£зִġ
ɫʱһ䣬˫Ŀǳӣ壬ѾܿˣԼԲܽеϣȫϡ
ڲңתͷһǣһ룬˵еĴػܹΪԼõĻһʲôػߣǿ¥ɻĴѽ
˶ڹעǵ£Ҳ˹ȥ˵ǣЩ˶ǳģΪʲôӷ绹û
ûκεװģǲθɣ
̬ͻȻת䣬֪е㲻ԾΪȷԼ뷨ʵǣôˣ
ûȥɣֻǽ΢΢˿ǳС˵֪ˣΪɻʲô𣿡
ɱʵһͷˮҲµ˼֣ѵԼݣǲ
ǣǲʲô᣿
᣿ߣʲôᡣֻ㣬ɻģǱҪӣҪƷǰҰ㵱õѣû뵽ؼʱ̣ҵˣˣȻ㣡
һ⻰̾ˣԭЩԼ̫СˣԼϴηŶ飬Ѿ֪ˡ
ôǾԲϵģҲúܶԲǣʲô취ԼͬվǵԼȷǸˣǱôЩ꣬ҪﲻһͲ㽫ȫ˸ɱˡվԼأС뿪˼磬Ӫ֮У̽飬һ֣ǾٲνǲѽһУΪԼļ磬ΪԼļˣΪ۶
ɴδֹԼļ壬ΪʲôԼôСʱ򣬾ͰԼ͵ϸ෴Щķǳãû¶Լͬʱʱ̽ǵ۶Ǳ߻㱨˽ɫ½мˣǸŮˣǴ꿪ʼϸģûܹκεѵҲ˵˵۶ǱߣԴŮΣϻۣǱǳĻ۶ңҽһĺӣͳȥϸ
ǣ˵ʲôԿ϶һǣңһʲôᡣ
˵ҲãʵҲգҶѾںˡ֮ԺҪʲô¶㣬֮꣬Ѿˣ壬Ҳһˡ
ãΪһжΪû뵽ķȥͬʱҲģԵ˵˵ȾѵĻûһĺ̨Ҳ
ɿĳѾеϣȫ˳ӷϣֻҲ˵ֻҪԼܽӷǵһ壬𲻵κεв
ʲôᣬ侲һ°ɣȲ˵ˡ
ɷصǳ󣬲˵Ѿ֪ŶˣߣҪչж
ʱǲ̫˵㡣
ȻѾ֪ˣǵ飬ܿͻᱩ¶㲻ĻҪû˷ҵ֮ǰ°ǣʱҵ۶ǵǿߣԻ֧Ԯ
ǳ˵һķǳѿ
ҽύǸŮ˵ģôһ˵Լʱȥύѽ
Ѿע⵽Ǹɣ֪֮һǷʲô£Ů֮飬Ȼöʣ
磬᲻ܷʲô£סҪ˺ˡ
ܣⶼʲôʱˣ߳Ǵǳģѵ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
ڲǱ⣬壬ǰǵһԱҲ뿴Ƕǰǵ˷Ѱɡ
˵û첻ܷʲô£ǶҪһ¶⣬˿ǰǵЦƶ˵
ݵ
ڴ˿̣һۺڳˣȫվ
ֻһۣͷ׷ߣ֮˳ߵУһ֧Ȩȣͷϴһðƻʹñӣο࣬װߣϰȴʮֵĺá
λɡ
Ҷ


1373 ı
ǵĳҶҲһ¶֮ˣ˵ǵĴǰԼˣ˼߲֮⣬û˼ΪҶһˣԴγ֮ʼһ˼ϣȫƶ죬Լûô
ҶΪһôľ磬ڰźִܶԣе˵ʥ۷徳磬Ҳ˵ѾԽʥ۷壬϶ľ磬˵ΪҶĳֶΣŵõ֮λΪȴôأڵõ֮λ󣬲ſʼŬΪģպŷ
룬һȨƣȫ˵㵽оʵȥһеȨȫǲ̫˵㣬ڲѾ߰㣬ˣҪȥ٣ǾҪһʱ䣬ڲ֮ʱɲٵʱ䣬ضʱȺ֮ʣҶɵ㶼벻뵽ˣӦþͲ鷢ôΪʲôڱչأԳе鲻ҲأУԭ
ڵȫվǰˣ߳ǵĴȫ˫ֱȭҶǻڣڶûУǶģԼˡ
Ҷ
ھˣͬʱ߳ǵĴҲ̽һ£ҶΪһôľ磬ʱڣȫΧҶ
׶ߣοҶûǰЩ˷ϣеȨԱһţȨȵ֣ѩ׵Ĵ룬ϣЦݣЦУִ޵ࡣ
ͻأҶڣһǿĳɳ̼䣬ͽΧеȫɢˣʹڳˣƶڣȫ˺üҶȴɱԭе̬ȸЦݣһЦ˵λϷҲˡ
ڳʥ۷徳ǿߣЩνǿߣȫˣΨԭһҲû
Ҷ鴫Ϊҵ
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ҶҲҲԿ䣬˵λɡϷǰأҪԭ򣬾ǵ֪λҰǣϷΪԳӭĻ̫˵ȥˡ
ҶƺܿУȴҲЩĲܣΪЩ˵ĵԼİš
˫е棬֮Ψվŵġ
ҶΪûе϶쾳磬Ϊʲôӵǿ
⻰ģû˵Ҳ˵϶쾳ĳǿߣȻһ۾ͿĳҶΪͣʥ磡ΪֵǣԼȴΪʥĸ磬ʵ̫ˣ
㣬ɣ
ҶڱϺ󣬿Ψһһվŵʵ
˵ͷӦ
ҶƼĿţȻ˵á
⻰ȴ֪Ҷ˵Լ£ǳǿߣȴûеƣһˣΪѾ϶ľ磬ȻὫҶ͵ʵ
ڣҶͷųǲʱˣûһע⵽ǵģһʼǾҪ¶ϵˡ
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Ϸһ£۶ǵûе
վ۶ŮشҼҹǰ
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ҼҹѽǣϲϢֳϣԾǰˡ
˵ļӴֳ϶ֻɸŮ𣿾Բ˸˵
ȻˣСɡ
Ҷ˫˵һɨʵ壬͹ӿɵ
ǣȴͣңֻͣ⼸֮ڲģǻ֮ǰչصڲųҶôֱ֪ͣӾ͵ɼҶǱǰ㣬еȨȫƶ죬ԼҲŰеȨƵģЩ˶⵽ġ
˵سĻҵܵΪδ
Ŷһˣ
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˵ΪѾ϶쾳磬ΪҰһеڶǿߣ֪죬ɷϷ򣬸߳Ǵ棬չһĳʵ
ûи߳ǵĴδʼ̽ǣΪҶȻҪ⵽ĳǵѽվһߵġ
Ǹˮ̶һ㶣ˡ
߳ǴûһĳҶڸʲôԼǵĿģҪԼΪҶͰԼˣҲ̫˵ȥ˰ɡ
Ϸˣóǿߣ⽫ʵչֳϷɣȻճİ֮⣬ǵĴˣǾͼһλϷһæҰ³ֵĳǿ߰ɡȻϷҲǰæģֻҪ˭վһս֮Ϸ͡
Ҷ˫һת߳Ǵȫɨһ£ٽĿ䵽ɫѿϣ˵ǣҲҪ֪ԼݡΪˣǰ߳Ǵı棬ˣǣȫǿˣΪ˵ģɲ˿ˣԣڶֵʱǧҪѽ
ںΣԱϵףȻˣǾֻӲͷƤվˡ
λǰΪ΢λǰָ̡
ǵı鷢˱仯پŸԾֻбƽͣŲ¶š
߳ǵĴҶһ㣬ûһվġ
ҶһЦ˵ôλҰǣΪ̽һ𣡼ȻϷѾվˣΪûһϵģ
߳Ǵ໥ţеͺ໥֮жԷϳƵġ
ɵĿЦһһҶҰǵĳһַΪʹ߳Ǵƨҷţνıѽ׼ǵ뷨Ƕ֣һͲסģɣǶ֣ǰµ߳ǵĴɾҪһԼķǵˣʣǸٵĳǿߣðһ¶ˣģҶǵѽ


1374 սս
Խ׵õĶ;Խɿ׷ŮˣԽ׷ŮˣԽ뽫׷֣Ů˵˽ôңȥƽϣЩ׷Ůˣ˽ôﶼָָ뷨ʵνԵ㣡
߳ǵĴǧɽˮһ·ħ޵谭ǣΪһȫµĳǿߣÿһ֤ʵһ£Եǲģÿһ֮ǰҲʱһҪֻ᲻ǣֻԼ֣ܿ϶Ե٣ܻȥ
ڣҶһ£ͲҪ߳ǵĴȥҽǱˣǣԼվ˳ʹÿһǵĴ
Ǹٵĳǿǻõ㣬ģ˭ȶ֣ԼѱԼڵĳУ澡ʧ˵ˣǷûһյĻǸƳҶǸɵӣȶ˸кôģοҶɵӣ֮ǰ߳Ǵı֣ɼҶǸıĽɫ
߳ǵĴƶǼˣţȻ´˵һֱڱչصӦò֪ѽǸոճŵģҲ˲ʵ´ѽѵУ⡣
ƺХƶ˵үүӣǺ̫СλҶȻЩʲôܣеһдС񶼽Ƽ壬Ҳһǵ߰ߣܸһأľ
ƶ˵ͷԼӣҲˣôѳɴɶԼӣǱϣģϣģӵųʵΪӵԸ񣬲ʺϽӦһ塣죬Ϊһеϴ󣬿Ϊ˴̫嶯ˣҲ׻µģ˵ƶõģСӣƺХҲĽƼμ֮λ£˵Ƽ¶ĳģȴûκһ˵лϣòϣƶЩĽ̵ǲģ໥֮䣬κε֮䣬ҲκεĻ
ӵȷˣγأҲΪԽӼ߳ǵĴۿγ֮ղԶˣϷɲ뷢κε⡣Х׼һʲôӿƼ壬ֵܽķøˡ
ǣ֪ôˡ
Ƽ뷨Ǳߣͬ뷨
ҶֻϺ꣬Ȼôһס
ɺݺݵҧǰûмҶУͿ֪Ҷһôˣɽ쿴ԼˣҶˣԲ򵥣ڵһ죬Լ۶뽫̲Ͳôס
ǳȴû˵˫ϵ˫ۣҶһҲû뿪
ӣϷǰˡҶϼһϷУҪࡣϷеڣ۶Ǻ̫ˣһ۶ò°ǣǸˣ壬ָúȥδӣ
ǳţԼòýǹͷתػŰǣΪǶսҪתǹͷǲܣҲû֪Լ۶Ǻ֮£ֻҪŮ˸ɱˣٽɱɵ޻İǵͷϣͷȥ۶ǱߣҲԼˣԼͿ˳ģΪЧ
룬òָʲôʱǳһͣȻҪȽһаźã˫ĵ߸յ򣬸ͲԼѡվһߣͽ֮
ǽͷݣߵļһģǳôһˣ
Ѿվ߳ǵĴȻ˵ɣҲ֪ϸ̾ΪֹǰСŮѽ
ڳΪŵĲǣҲ߳Ǵˮ̣Ϊˮ̲ܱ֤߳У᲻վ˵ҶһзǳãٴˣҲ£Զƿκ˵УžƷ仯ģԣˮڴģǳӷϿӷһԼͲõˣ
˵С֮⣬һ͹ӡսǵʱҵҲŹ͹ӵ飬ǽ壬ʵҲС֮°ɡ
ֲվսġ
ˣҲеӵģ֪һսûգôͽ֣ǣƵ˵ϰɡ
ֲ˻һҲ⼸ɳǵĽë˵û͹ӵΪҲС֮ϡЩүǵģҲ˼һŮ޶֣ȻҶˣҲþܾǾ͹վҵһϸ°ɡ
ã⼸һתҲ̫ˣˮҲԼ
վҴǽҾˣڣǾȻǹڶ׼˳ӷСӣǵùģˣҵģҿһϵûС
װģһᣬҶʵǣȻܵܣ£Լɡ
˵سǵܻܵʮ꣬ǰѹΪ˴棬µʱϵ߳Ǵ
Ҷ˵Ǻֲ˵û£ҶˣˣӦʵԼϣϵĳͻͲǳͻ
һﻹͦвŵģʵϣ
Ȼ߳Ǵ˵ˣҲûʲô˵ġǵܵû

èĽǵĻ֮УʹˣȫתͷĴſڡ
ֻһʵ꣬˽УȻһֻСè
˵طǰĺĴͣһΣӦòɣ


1375 ֤Ϊ
ڴԶȵȴҪѵĶࡣ
ԴӳӷǴ½֮漣ΪǵΪ϶쾳磬ֿ֮Լ壬ȡܽĺڹѸǣǸؾֵĴˣȻҲĸԸĸӷ磬ôȻвˣҪۼʶһ£԰꣬Ϊһôľ硣
ǣˮ̣ɣǳү۶ǵգ˿̣һڴͬʱҲҪлǵĺֲҪ
սǣսͣɲ˭ˣѾΪļǾ˵͵Ϊ֮£ͦôǣôðյĽ彻ӷðС
һèУѾ˳ӷֻа߲ʸĵطӷ磬Ȼﵱһε㣬Ȳ˵һ֮Ļ̫ţ͵һֻèѾܶ˿ȥˡ
ģϾǳҶȻûп˵ʲôˣ͸Ӳָӷˡ
ص˿ڵı֣֮ǰӵķɣȻԼҵùѵԼҪȥֹɣԼΪҲʥƷľ磬ҪԼ߳Ǵ֣ùľԼˣ
ҵܵˡ
ǺܿתҶ˵
Ҷ˫۶˳ӷϣϿ竣òϣŵӣֳϣôĲСӡ
վǳû˵ֻţ죬ӷڳ˴һôľϲ
ҲڴԼֵסɳӷȴѹ֮ȥ磬Ǻεȵľ磬ѵ壬ֳ˵ڶ񽣲ɣ
۶ǵѾվ֮⣬Ѿӷˣ֪ӷһǳΣյĽɫҲѾ³壬ܻôһͣǸðģ壬ֻʲôϵ
ӷ籧СèߵҶǰеСèȴǳʵ
ʵӷ粢뱧һֻСèģΪ͵С򣬸ԼǷһĻ飬Լ治ܡ
ҪģܻĹ̻Լʲô鷳ӷˣǷκ˵Ķ
ڳӷ߳壬ǰ·ϣСèһֱԱߵݶϸţڳӷ緢ֱ֮Ӵݶϳӷһֲ벻̬ȣӲҪųӷ磬ӷ֮£ҲֻǱǰˡ
ղź˵Ҫս˭ҸòʲôϷɣ
ѵ͹ӾϷ⻰˵ģļǰǵһѽ
ƶ˵ͣ˳Ϊβ񣿡
ӷ粻мһЦ˵ƢֻˣģأûǸѽ
ѽӷֻ񣬸ĸүү⹫ţˣܲ
ͣҲ̫˰ɣҲʲôطֵĵҰ
˵ϼһǷӵĶûлֵĵ˵
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ˣƶ죬ҲһˣбҪһСӽо𡣲Ϸе棬Ƽ壬Ƿλ͹ʲôطʹĻ֮󡣡
ҶƳӷһӣɼҶ壬ǷǳˣҲƼ壬ɢʧеȨ
ƶȻĳҶ⻰⣬ڣҲö˵ʲô
سСӡ
ιϼһɱ˵ͣʱȫ˸֤ġȻƼʵòôʽĻǱҲΪôһСǮƼƽϡ
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Ŷ˼û뵽˻ûѾҪսˡ˵˵ǣƼǵһ壬Ϊʲô߳ǵĴսǣս𱾹ˣѵڰеλѾԽƼ𣿡
ͣ˵Ҫнƣ
ĸǷϻȿν߳Ǵɡ
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Цٴμ͹ӣСŮӵ
ôС㣬Ҳ뱾һս𣿡
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Ҫɣ̼ҳܶࡣ죬ӵֽҲ̫ȻҪսӣǱӾɡ
˶٣ӷҶ˵ӿɲκ˵⼸ǵĴսӣĳ´ǾͲ˼ˣӿûǸʱ档
飬ӷ粢֪ɷŵģԣĻɶͬһҶҶʱͻȻأΪԽӼ߳Ǵɵϲء
ҶһЦ˵ŵǰƢͲ̫ãһ͹ӣеǰķѽ
СӣٸסǳǰɣȻǳǾѾվ߳ǵĴУҲ֪֪ǰǵĳһޱǿȻûǸʵûǸĻҲˣҲûˡ
ͣ
ƶ죬ŷǸ˵Ϊβ죬ѵ潫ԼǵĳɣߣҰģҪȡ֮ˣ
ƶȻһ㶣վҶһ˵Ϸģ֪ģǧҪСӸˡ
Ҷ˵ƶ죬ЩһУ֤ġߣ㱾γĽѡҰģҲӦõġ
Ϸ򡭡
ˣڲ˵Щʱ򣬵߳Ǵ棬ɲ˱˿Լ˵Ц
Ҷվ˵Ȼ͹˵ˣҲϷΪûʸǵĳͲ֪߳ǴУһ֤һϷΪ
֮ǰҶϳڣһжתˣ
֤ҶΪǱҪ֤ǳӷԼҪ֤⵽ǲֻϺ꣬ƶǼΣ


1376 
ҶìͷֱӶǣһٶ߳ǵĴҲڰһѰɡ
ǸɳǵĴڲǶս֮£ֽìͷһתתͣҲǳӷϣڳӷ絽Ϊ֤ʵһҶʵìͷתתȥ䵽ҶԼϡ
˵ҶղŵľٶֻϺĻɣӷһٶֻСꡣ
һѣСһ𣬽ᷢʲô£û˻֪
ĿǰҲ֪Ҷ᲻һСǼˣӷ罫ìͷתϣһҶǺ֮ģеŭȫͷϣҲҪùģԣ˿̱Ҫվֹӷһ̽ļƻ
͹ӣǺεݣȫڳǲ߳ǴóԳ֡
ʱ˵ǳ˵ϣλӿǴܳκµģûںϵȨƼ彫ҪߵͷǸʱŻվ
ڣһվ˵ˣƼˣû뵽
ɣ
ΪǿߣһʲôֵǰǳǿߣҲֻŻԳԼǿߵݣ
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ƶ췴˵ôֻҪϳ֣֤ԼƼʵҲҪս֮˭ԼƼڸ
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ԼǰǵˣӲκһˣԼ˭ΪжԣֻǿԼԸԸ⡣
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˭Լˣڱǰװģģװģļһ
ӷ᲻֪ǺģĺģȴԼ
͹ô
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ⶼʲôʲôѽļȻ߳ˣҲ̫˵ɡ
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ͣҲ̫Ŀˡ
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̫ѽѽҪ׷ˣ
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˵ɾˣ壬ֽԼڰ㣿
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ңڵ˭ڰ߳ǴԸԼˣ
ɼƣվǳȻֹӣ壬Ҫܿˡ
ɿǸΪŮˣȻ߲֪ʲôԼҲʲôѽܵõӷΪԼõĻǿɱһǿˣԣҲ˳ȴûվһֱӾվ˳ӷߡ
԰˶Զǲ̫ƽˡ͹ӣ㡣
ֻһۺɫĹâһˣѾ˳ӷߡ
ӷ߸һŮҲվ˳ӷ⼸֮䣬Ѿֲ˭Ҫ˭˭Ҫڰ˭ˣ֮һƬңʿҲȫ˽

ƶһ£ʿӷǼȫΧ


1377 ս˫ӷ
ѾһƬң㲻ڵ˭˭֮ǵжԣǵĴվһټһҡӷߣȥһϸ֮⣬ֻһ۶ǵա˭֪ε۶ģɲһСѾͷСѾͷ󣬿ɻһһգԣҲκ˸
ǲ֪ԼڸǺãˮ˵ǰ㣬һӷһսĻɾ͵ģͶԲǳӷðͣ壬Ͼ˶֪ѾΪļ
֮£ΪҶӦվֹģϼһﲻûֹصı֮ϣһƬĻңƶʹһɫƶʿȥˡ
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͹ӣСŮӲţԸ㲢ս
ϴЦݣ˵ƣû˿η塣
͹ӣҲվһ𡣡
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ʲô
տųӷɫʮѿʵ͹ӣһ֮սǣ
кβɣ
Ҫ֪ǵУǳǿߣΪͬټϼʥ۷ǿߣҲǵвġ
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ֻҲǵһˣ𣬾Բᡣռգӷ⻰ʱֱѡ˵һԣٳ
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ҶԣôˣҶǿԽύģֻ벻ȥύС㣬ĺ⣬ˣҲ̫ǣԣ鷳Ҳһȥɡ
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ðɣȻ㲻ҪҰæҲˣԼСһɡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦЦǿĴǿ棬ڳȴһˣֱܷӷһôľ硣
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˵ģˣӲսġӣҲ̫ϲѽ컹ǶԸǰԼˣ㵽ôģ
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䣬ӷеСèȫɢһ⣬˵ǱΧţٵƶյǰ
սӹСèҲܳӷҪԸǲԼҹӣ˵͹ӾܷһսɣСһСŮӻտõģսСŮҲὫСèȥš

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ǾսɣԶһôҲ˵ȥ
Զһ˭Ҫһ֮սˡ
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ǽ㣬е㲻ãŮÿô죬Ƕġ
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ӷڵʱ˳Ǻܴ󣬵ȴǳ
ԶԶŽйƽ𡣡
ͻأ֮⣬һ˽Ӧ˵һ⣬˽ֱӾ˳ӷߡ
˿̣ڳӷߣһˣһ꣬һɫ۵꣬Σӷ缸һģòӷ硭һģһ
ͣ
ô£ôͣ
û˸Լ۾⵽ô£ôеڶʹҲԪѽһʵ壡
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͵ҡͷңҲ֪ѽˮ̣㿴Ǹӷ·ǲе죬ļӡ
ȷе졭ǲ͵·𣡡
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Уսپʱ䣬Ҫˮ̻ص֮ǰõڶԼҲԼķС
Ҫϻˣ֮ڣܰ۶


1378 С
ȺѾʿɢˣҲƶ´óڵκһˣ֪飬ȻԼԼ˴ԼˣһǿɾִЦˡ
ĳһֵϣʿǱƵģһҲͬʱ͸Ӱӽβͷ߿
λ·ͨƵߡ
ôߵݶϷ£͸Ӱǰ
͸ӰȫεģһγɵģֻҪϸĿ
Сҵҵȥ·Ĳͷ𣿡
ִ֮࣬ǿɼ˵Ϊνһʹؾ
òûΪԷǿ˰벽ǷǰͬԼȥƵģ͸ļһﻹеĵڵˣѵǿ˲ֵǮ
֪סλǰȥ·Ұɲ˭˵˵߾ߵġλǰҰˣϣλǰҪǿˣȥⷢʲôᡣ
Сӡ֪ҵʲôˣ
Ҫ֪ǰǺҲӲ֪ҰҰǵĹأ½ҲŴ½ĹءҰǵλǰΪСҰȫԵĻȥ򣬾ͱˡ
Ȼҵȵݶ֪ǻҵҵȥ·йֵġСӣݵķϣϷ첻ƽϣϹ
˲ˣ˵ȻλǰͱˣͲˡ
䣬ǵһӣ֣ǰһһ¡
ɷʮ𡭡
ؾ֣СӣĴˣ
ǡλǰ˳ǿߣؾ赲סλģҪʮɷ֣ټʮҲӦҪһʱɡ
˼û뵽˰֮УȻԼؾ֣Ҳ˰ɡСӣϷ棬ؾֵûд˵еǰ
˫˴֮⣬Ķ˵Сã綥סϽչ¡
磬ǿѽ
ģֲǸǶֻ֣ǵʱ䣬֮ʱûӰˡߣǵĿ겻ǣԲ׷Ŷġ
Ǻá磬ԼСһ㡣
Ķ𣬳Ǳ߷ȥ
֮ڣӷ磬һеĳǿߣ໥֮ɢȻڲ֮䣬ʹڳˣȫ̾Ϊֹ̫˼ˣڣȻֳǿߡӦһΪӷ磬ֻһɢһѾ˺󼸲վɢĳӷ
Ȼ˺Ǹĳӷ磬վǰ棬Եģͣӷס͡
ʵ˵ˣӷԼҲ벻ģڵȻǿ˵زûС棬û򣬶һӰ춼ûУ֮ǰҲȫˣһ֮ǿߣ˫֮Ȼͬġ
ӷڳԾͬʱҲڵģǿһ˵ڣ˻ԼסԼΪܷȫסأ
⣬ӷڸտʼʱģûзκη֮£ӷҲͰ
˻صǳߣʵүүΪʲôͬˣ
ңһҪء㲻˵ֻһΪʲôڻ
⣬Ҳǰ˼ѽǵֻһ˵ļһΪʲôڻͬˡңһȻԸƥУҲ̫̬˰ɡ
˵ЩûãһжģôδҪ°ˡ
ǳү˵ɵȴһʯǧˣǰһĻʵ̫Ծ
ѵǴ˵Уػߵѹ־¥˵ηˣһɢģͬʱɢͬʵһôľ硣
ˣҪΪԼ۶ã򣬾ͶҪԼ۶ɱ
ɵ˫ۣգڵľֹǱȽģûгԾѾ뵽˳ӷӵʵɣҲֻ֤Լûпˡ
ɵ˿˵ӣ죬ѽСӵ֮£ֻһ˵ȴԵй˵㿴һսǸô򣿡
ʵӣ㿴ܷڰ֮ڣʤ
е㲻̫ܰɡ
ǾͶˡ֮ǰ˵֮ڣӳ԰쵽
˼ǣһͬʱսڶ͵Ϯǣ
Ҳпͽ˵һ֮һйʲǲ֮ٽ͵ϮǿɾͷʤˣǸʱ˵ǰУֻҪУʮУ԰ҡ
һͣʵҲӣˣ̫¡ȻΪµǣԼڶԼģҿԵĸоԲͬһˡ
ҲоˣСӣ̫ˡ
ˣȲ˵ЩһңһԸ͵ϮĻᡣ
䣬Ѿͳ˹ȥ
͵ӣǳմ񣬾͸һûʲôֱ𡣵йһ˲䣬͵˫Ȼһˣ·һոѵľȻڵʱ˳ǿ֮ԴΧ
һȭȫ֮Դסˣң֮Դ
ɣȻ飬ҵߣһȭȥͬ޻ϰ㣬Լоһˡ
ǵһΣսȤǶԷȽֵĹϵɡ
ҵڶȭԡ
շ֮ƽУù͵̣һģɢһȭȭȫ֮Դȫ˹ȥ
Ϊ˵Уһޱȵļһ⣬Ǵġ
ӣ͹ûˣҾ˸հɡ
ĳӷ粻ɵһЦǳǿߣô죬ͿԷӦ
˸գҾ͸Ტ
ӷţû뵽ͣȻճӷ룬ʩչһڳû˼ˡ
ְԣ̫ԸչҾƣҾ͸һ𣬿ܰô
͵ˣʵǾһѣƣһΪһΪһΪգһΪᣬԼô񶼻ղеչȥ
֮ǰľٶڵı֣ˣѵǱסģ
һϲ˵ӣţǸͣǲһġ
ֹͣ˽ɲɵӲ򣬱Լȫ֣õֽԼԼ
˵ͷһ̤֮ϣվλÿʼ˷ѿѺۣΧˣȫѺ۾Լվλú¡
͹ӣ㡣
ӷЦһӣԼʵѾˣҪȷûôװɣ֮ԴΪãֵҲչȥԼͬһԵֵסǿߡ
֮ǰΪֹĹٶȣӷ绹Ҫ÷ġ
⣬ͻһ⣬ʱ䣬ڳӷγһС͵ĹȦȦ֮ڣӵСС壬һСС򣬶ӷ籾ˣͳΪЩСеС򣬶Χųӷת
һѣǸĽŲ̾˻ųӷɢ⣬γɵ״С棡


1379 һɱ
ÿһԴߣӵСΪСͻԽԽǿ
ǣÿһԴߵС򣬶ֻڣڳͣڳɳһڵСǾ˵Դһˣܵв
ڳÿһˣӵСģҲ֪СһԴ˵ôĸȴûκһ˵Сǿ뿪ڣڵġ
ڳӷȻһС棬һӵżС棬Ҳ̫˰ɣֲܷ飬ȻڳӷϷˣСӣ˹ˣ
ôܻᷢ飬ȻԽСڣ
ǱѾ֤ѾɵˣһգڳˣҲȫɵۡ
ո𲽣Ҫӷֹ̾ͣųӷС棬ˡ
Ҳˣֱ̫˼ˣС棬Ȼڡ
ô鷢
Сӣ׻ǲˣ
㲻ˣҲܻġô쵽ģ
ǵĴɵۺ󣬽Ӷڸûȥ֣սӷϷ˵ӷչǰһĻɱҪÿĶѽ
治֪С⣬ᷢô顣
㶣һ֣һСӵС棬ǷԴߵС档
ôһŴӾоѹȻ䣬ڵһ𱬷
͹ӣȻֶΣҲͲˡ
ɣ죬Ӿ֪ʲôǿߡ
治֪ӷôģǸĻֻҪסͺˣͲҪôĶոյõС涼չ˳һ´˳ȥһΪǴ½עĶ
ӷҲ׼ģؾֵס˾¥ˣôͿӷôˣ
һֵͬڴ˿̲ӳȫϷһשͷҲڴ˿̵ǿҪˣʣССĽôܳܵס
ˣ˳
Ҷһ֪Ǳסˣһʩչʵ
Ҫ˳̫˵㡣
ʹ˵ȫǿҵΧţγһȦ˵תΧһУȫҽдĶȫݻˣ
ϵѺԽԽԽԽ󣬱ǿңеһУȫѺеȥԿѺ֮¶ҽ
ǿǽѩɽ֮۵ģڵѺ֮¶ԿҽˣҲ˵ѩɽʼˣ
ٴˣȻ˵лᱻٵΧѩɽҲݵġ
ƶ֪ԣҪֹѾ̫ˡ
ҲõģȻǿ󣬵бڣУͻٲˡ
ӷ绰䣬Сӵǿٵĳֻ˵ӷС治ǽԼΧסҲΧ
ʱɲ࣬ڣʽʼɡ
৵һѾ˳ӷǰӷ֮һǰһ󣬸߶һʹֻͬʱһӷ硣
ϡ
ųӷһ£ͷ˽ɳӷ粢ûдԭزͬһ
ȫȫһ㣬һ˹ȥ
´󾪣ֻӷ֮ǰǿˣԼ֮ӲĻһ˶ռˣǣѡ㣬ڸһ㿪͵ĵһʱĳӷȻ֣һƴ͵䷢ʹ㿪ӷ͵Ϯ
顭
ֱӾ˳ӷһƣһ͵ϮɲᣬϾǳǿߣ˺ʮվȽš
ɣ
ӷһ͵ϮǷŭӷֶΣʵڲôһԼ֤һԼڱ͵ϮʹǷʤΪٸߣ£Ҳûá

Ĺ˹ӷԱһ͵ߣһһֹ
ѽ
һЦ˵οô͵Ϯ
¡
ۿҪ֣һӷ磬ȴˣеĳӷ磬Ȼʧˡ
Ԫ񣡡
Ϳ˰ɣҵʵԪ񶼷ֲ˰ɣء
һ̧ͷֻӷһŴ϶£Լͷ˾γһ֧㡣
ػ򲻵㡣
Ǵˣã𣿡
ӷһЦĽвãԼһгӷ磬;Լȭͷ޻ϰ㣬Լȥ̼ʧΡ
֣ģ㱳󡣡
ǺͿˣһ˳ӷԪ񣬵Ԫʧ̫졣ڶеģͣˣĳӷ磬ȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ıͻȻ֡
顭
һȭĻǼٵģ
治׵Ķ϶٣Լе㲻Լжˣ
ٵġ
ء
¡
صһȭؿڣ˵ߣǿͬɣ
ӷͬʱأӷ绹վڣŴ͵߳
λǿߣҪӲɵĻѾǸˡ
ѽǿߣڵҲ޵ģʱսǵùĻǳӷҲַֻӷӮȻ˵һУһУӮˣ
۶һеĳǿߣһһƣһһȭʤѵ˭˵𣬲֪һսĽˡ
һУӦøոպðɡ
ӷ絥һӣСʧͣҲһעסʧ˳ӷߡ
ʱļأˮڻص壬ͣҲѾĴˣһвᱩ¶
ǿߣİˣܸһ˯˶ʮͣҲ̫˼˰ɣһУʵ
Ҷ˫ۣ˵˫ۣȫ˳ӷϣӣǣһǿߣǿߣȴǣǣ͡
֪ͨߵ֪
ǡ
Ϣسǣ֪ǵ飬˵壬ֳ֮һλǿߡ
ǡ
߳ǵĴ˵۶֮⣬з棬ҪղһУظǡ
ڴ˿̣⣬һЩҪϢȥļһȫվԭأ壬ʼ΢Ļζÿһˣʧȥ֪㡣
ʧǧԴôʱ֣
ҶƶǼһԴܽһ÷˯֮еģûе֮˽ĻԶѲˡ
ҼҹʵߣһҲ뿪ǡ
Ķվ˴ſڣУһܺ٣
ƶŭͣʲô
ӷͲƶ죬Ķص۶ǵ˸Լ֮⣬һɱ
ǣӡ


1380 ͽ
۶Ǹǵ֮⣬ĴһͳͳɱҲ̫˵ɣ
Ҫ֪߳ǿרݷðǵģҶλչضĳԳӭˣ߳ǵĴǺһⶼûбֳûڰ£ƻ˰ǵĹء
˵߳ǵĴڰиʲô̵Ļ߳Ƿ涨ŭ°ͬһʱ䣬߳ΧʱǿɾҪʸ֮ģǰ·׷ˣ
ƶǼִϣҲǳڣӷ⻰ȫǻһÿһˣ뿴鷢ҲԲܷ
Ҷ󺰵ֹ
ƶһ˳ͣ𣿲Ҫ
ӷĻȥƶ죬ڸûֹӷ磬ΪӷѾƿסȫ֣Ȩڳӷ
ɱǣӾͻ鷳ԣһҲ뿪
˱ɵˣڣûзӦ֪ӷľٶ
Ķԥɱ
Ķеĺ٣ҲһǿķղһʧǧԴκˣڶʱξ֮УõĽĻǲѹġ
ǣĶΪϾ̫ǵҪȫʥ۷徳ǿߣĶҪʱͻأеĺȻһĶȥ
ӣҵΪǵΪԶԶ֮ϣֻ˯һˡ
˿̣ɳǵĽëϣǵĺֲȫ˹֮⣬һĳǵĳϣҲ˹ˣȫ׽ξվԭأһһεġ
ӷ̾˿Ǹ֮ǰڣ˵ʲôԼһģڣǱɵκΣû˽ˣĶߣ̫Сһ㡣
ҶҵǰݷǣѵǰǵĴ֮𣿼Ȼǰ˶ԴǣǾͱҵȲˡ
λǧҪᣬֻһ˵飬ǰ޹ء
ҶܲˣܲΪһͣһ壬¼ϽԼǰɣԼǾһİǣЩ޷̲οǼǵϽ
Ҷ˵ϻˣбµģȫɱҵȻصУ֮ҳ֮ʱҽɳǣҪһս
ëϻ䣬ĳǵĳ˵Ҷ֮¼ȻѾزûʲôµˡëϣֲϣ֣ȽѾͷɵȳǵĴ뿪ǡ
ãһȥ֡
ӷһȴһëѾĶ˹ȥ
Сġ
ӷһڵʱ
ڴ˿̣ĶǰͻȻһ޴Ӱ޴Ӱֵͬʱǵĺֲֻһ޴ĴӣԼͷ
ã
ֲ˻
ëϴһѣû뵽ĶѾͷǰͻȻһˣһͨˣֻ˵ΣǳӴ󣬱ҶҪߴһЩ
һ׵ӣһѺɫĴŵڹ⣬ξ޴ֱӾͿԽĶȫסͬһƵģĶ޷ܵκε˺
ֲҪ㿪ⴸӵػȴϣһ׶ٶȸʵ̫󣬾ǺֲΪʥ۷徳磬ǰɢȻҲʥ۷壬ңȻȻǺڰ
ڰԴߡ
ֲĻл㣬ͷѾ׶ˣѪΧɢֲԴ˸ϡá
ëϸĳǵĴȫǰȻ㶣һҲ̫˵ɣңһϣһ鶼ûУͬһɱͻȻַ֣·һɱ˻һúֲͷʱȻһ㷴ӦûУֱ֣ǳ꾭ɱ¾ˣǲܰĵأ
һȻһ£ֱǰĶ¶
磡
ĶڿղžԼľʱ̾ϳ˴ˡ
磿ĶĴ磬ҲǵĴ磬ãˣӵΪȴǸĶ֮ϣԸղһӦʥƷľ硣
˭á
һΧϵʯȫ
ƶִͬʱǰ˵ͽ֣û뵽ȻǵĴ磡
Ǵ½ϣ𾴵ְҵ֣ҲǷΪֵģרҵ֣֣һΪ֣һΪ֡һ֣ͽֻ֣ΪǮΪ˭ǮͰ˭ȥɱħޣȡħģǲܣңҲʱɵһִڡ
һͽ֣Ϊ˶ֻΪԼǰΨһһͽ֣ԣڳǵִϣˣȫʶģֻûĵһԽʮƾһѴӾɱħ޵ȻǸĶĴ磡
ӷĳ֣ڲ˿
ƶȴŭȻɱǵִϣôĵӡ
Ҫҿɲ£ʲôʸҴ󺰴еģŲеĴӣ档
㡭
Ķ˵磬ҪϻȽǼεļһϼһɱˡ
ȻԵɣҲΪʲôҪɱǼ˵ãСãһߣ⼸ˣɱ
СӣΪǸ־˲ϷҪС
ƾϹͷʱˡ
ƶ캰ëϣСҪӲ
⻰˵̫˵㣬Ƚëϳ֣һӣѾ˹ȥ
ëϣСġ
ĳǵĴǰëƿˣͬʱ˵ϣһӣͺ¡һڵҳһ󿳣ĶʱеĺһֱƱëϸĳǵĴʹϼһ֮£һȻ۵ģ֮ǰѺе

Ͻˣ
Ѿˡ
Ķһָ⼸εĴ˵磬һӰҲȥ
ã˵հ죡
鷳ඣǵĴȫ˰ǣʣҶҪôнѽһãǾ֣һԼǻİǣʹİǣʷΣ


1381 ôƺ
úһѾһ棬ϣûطվˣһСģɾ͸ղǼλһֱӵȥʬ޴棡
ƯڰеȫͻȻֵľһʹԼʮңΣ治֪һҪԶٷ
磬һ¡λ͹ӡ
ĶȻ֪ӷݣô˵棬Ҳ˵ѽʱ֮ưܡ
ȴûбֳκεĲͬ˫ȭһ˵ȻҶܸСÿеˣȻǶ֮ӡ
ӷ翴ĳһͽ¸Ϊֵôɵʱ֣о֪ͨϻسģԣڳӷݣһѾ֪ˣҪĶܣʲô
ǰˣӷǳĵ˵ͷãȻǸĶΪΪǿģеԴеķȴܵõġ
֮ǰӷֻ֪ų뻯ؾ֣û뵽ĶҲһķԴٿеǰѴҲǷ治ףڰͨãǵõôĻԵȻöӵ˱ûеĶЩǷڵ磬ǵڶӷˡ
ÿһ˶ŸԵܣԼ˵ΪĳЩԭ򲻺˵˵ӷҲܻȥѯʣ˵Ϊ򵥵Ϊ˴֮ӷ绹ġ
ˣҶԼˣͲҪôˡ
Ȼһ룬ӷʵĶأ
ӣؾֵס˵ˡ
ȥӦ
ˣ˵Ӧߣ˵ĿĲҶ磬׷ɱġ
⵹Ҳǡ
˵ˣǳӷΪʲôҪǼǴɱҪԭ򣬳ӷɲ鴫¥ǵĶУ۶ǵ˶ģӷ֪۶ǷҪһǸգӷҲţǲὫ֮£κ˵ģȻ˵۶ǵĳ֮⡣ɵһ۶ǵĳ֪飬ҲԳӷκεӰ죬ˣ۶ǵĳһݼΪصԼȥ¶Լݣôȥ¶˵飬ѵͲ³ӷһŭ֮£ֱܵǵ۶鷳
ڰߣӷҲǾԵķģȻˣǾԣһǣһеȫƵͷϣҲȷǳӷµĴڶǽθе⼸֪»ôľǶȫеģǵΧ
ڱ˿ĵһԣȻģڳӷ翴ǣǲܽԼƳȥģҪ֪һǿߣһͬʱǿߵĳǿߣǶѵóֵѽڰǳһǾһƣʣǻɵһǿƸ˵ӷһ㶼ģ
ոշʱŲ˭Ҷڣ뵽̫࣬Ȼǽеŭ˳ӷͷϣеĺȫƵͷϡ
ͣôĵӡ
Ҷ˭Ҳ˫أҲûطվ
ӷ粻ɵһЦʵӿʲô˼
㻹Ϸװ죬ɱǵĴһǵ֪ضʦģ֣Ұǣĵֵס㣬֪֪Լ˶Ļˣ
ӷһҲղŵϣ˵װҾװ㿴
ӿ˵ʲôӶʲôˡǸλ˵˵ӣղʲô𣿡
ѾģСӣȻһף㵱˶ɵˣ
Цǣڳ˶֪飬Ҳۿ飬Ȼûһ˵ġ
Ҷһ£һڳÿһˣڣɾ۶ǵˣֳʲô֪ʲôûӡ
һǲǶɵˣ
ȷɵˣӷͬʱս£ǲɵټϸղ֮˵ɱȫɱˣǺεȵǸֶѽ
ӣɰ֮УӢɨѽҴӲںЩ֮£Ҿ͵ʲôûӣ㿴ҲûʲôˣǲǸôǵתת
˵ҲϲЩɵС˶һ̡߰ɣȥȾơ
ˣӷû˵ˣ˵Ȼûʲô£ǱҲˡ
վסͣ˴ƨ£ôճ
Ҷʵѽ֪ᷢ£ԼͲӦóˣν۲Ĳ
Ѿ˵ˣӿʲô֪ʲôģЩ߲뱾Ӻθɡ
㣬㡭
Ķ磬ҲȾȥ
ӷֱˣûµһ
ҶֻܽŭǵˣϾǸѾͷһˣҲ֪ô
ǣ˵£ôƺ󣿡
ͷ˵ңҵڻûӦأ
һȫƾɣȻǵ£

ڣڳ뵽棬ˣȴƶ죬ǳ
ǳϣʲô˵
ղҲˣһ֮ս󳬼ǿߣǰǳƳȥǡ
ǳһѣҶ侲
ѽǿߣĳǿѽһˣ
Ҷ̾˿˵ִ֮⣬ˣȫ°ɣ


1382 
ǰһҾ¥һص㣬Ǿ¥¥жĳĽ壬ʺˣҲʺŮˣ˵һķ
ķԱȫͨˣûһԴߣϰ壬ҲͨˣڰԴ߲ѹͨ˵ķ棬ʹܳڰȥϾǿߣҲҪǲʱһζľ֪ҶģƲʮѾʮϼһˡ
ӷĶǣҲ͵ȴųӷ絽ˡ
ĳӷ磬ڣν֪Ĵˣļ֮⣬ȹȫ˵һӷˣһȫΧȥӴζŵĻ³ӷû֮ǰһսˣҪЩͨ˸ȳˡ
˭ǰһվͬһĳǽκˣ޷Խȥ
ϰİ֮£ӷˣڵһ֮ڣϰҲǷǳʶȤȥϾƲˣмģһ룬ӷԼûڣǲҪűȽϺã
ӣеĺ˳¥ˣδܿ벽
ǿһ˵ļûУҲϣ¥ǿߣûнĿϣǱߵһȻж죬һͣ·һ
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ӷ粻ɵһЦȻѾˣ֪Լʵ˲ˣǲ˵Լֺαȥء
ӣ˻ڳڣҪҪʲô£
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Ϊеϴ󣬵ʲô£ģ֮ˣǡ
ȻѾ˵ڵĻһס
ҲҪϵȨ֮ʵһȤûСȻԸĻʱһҿԴǣȥһƬ£¡
˵ӣ˵еķķδؾͲȻû鷢£ˣȻİţ磬Ǹ磬ֻҪߣǶġ
ܺáǵڼǰͬӦҼֵܣҪȫ磬֪ǵţˡɾǵҵΪʢʱڣȴ뿪ǣ
˵⣬ӷ̾˿ԼڵϵЩֵܣپǣ֪ڹô֪Ƿ񻹻ţţһֵܣǾһӶֵܣ
˵ӣȻǲ֪һô磬Ҳ֪зʲô£һ㣬ǿԿ϶ġ
˵
ֱԣڹӸʱ˵ģǼ˰ǣҲ˵֮ǰչһδս޷ǹˣ
ܣӷֻܹһΣҲһΣԣӷ緢ģԼٰˣҲܲˣһٰܣģͲԼһˡ
һԽ϶쾳ı̬ǿߣһ϶۷徳ĳǿߣ϶쾳ǿߡ⣬ټϼϵ
ȻʵӣûɣԽ϶쾳磿
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Ŷ˵˵
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ǣһ¥Ǿ²нʱճɾ͵ģԼʱɲ࣬Ҳһ꣬Ҫô̵ʱڣۼǴ¥ǿߣܰ쵽
һ룬Լڵʱǽֻʱ䣬ͶȡһƬ£Ϊʲôڵܰ쵽飬Ǵ½ϾͰ첻ء
ȻӷҲ֪ڵ磬Լ֮ܳɹ٣Լڱ֧ţǴ¥ԼʲôûѽҪ𲽿ʼҪۼ½ǿߣǸưԴ½ʲô
ɴҵߣҪžĵĲ衣ҲҪһʱʱеģɡ
ʱ䣬һû٣룬ҪǴ½ϳɾһҵһҪԾųǣħǸӴľ¥һе֮£ʶ½˵⻹δʼýʲôΪأ
ĶЦӣҶΪˡֻҪͷǾͽСˡ
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ûǹıգǹõݣһ𣬺εѽ
ӷվߵǰеľſǣ˱۾ңŻת˵áͽСˡǰʱ䣬һǴ½Ҳʱ䣬ˡ¥ֻһͳųǣħ壬¥֮󣬾ҳӷ磬ػȡ֮ʱ


1383 ڲ֯
ˣѵô𣡵Ȼǣ˵һҪչһʱ̵飬٣ҲҪһְɣЩȵʱҪ̫ã鱨棬ҪģΪĿǰΪֹӷ綼ô˽Ǵ½øҲֻ˰ˡ
Ҫһ֯ӷ绹һģĶǳӷһֽ
ھǴ½뵱ڵ粻ͬģɲǼССֵĻ죬ҳӷҲҪյ궫սĽѵڸһʼͽ֯¶Ǵ½ϣ㼸վԽԼ˸߽
磬زģԣҪĵһ⡣ûʶˣҪģһģЩˣҲҪǵΪжǿͨˣԡ
ĶЦӣҶ찲Է׼ġ
ŶѵطҪˣ
˵ϰ壬б죬󣬾ģӸղѾˡ
Ǹϰ忴ȥѾʮˣǸͨûʲô֮
˵ӣ󣬱ǼҾ¥жĳ֮⣬ʵһǳص㡣
Ŷ˵˵
˵󣬾ҵĹڵء
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ʲô˾
ǲЩˡ˵ɣ⣬ϰӵģ֮ϰ壬Ҫϣֺ죬ǲǣ
ûҲ㹻˼ˣϷֵǮֻҵʮ֮ˣҲͽ־һĹϵɡ
֮أղ˵ͽַ׬Ĳ࣬׬ģķ棿
Ķ˵ɱˡ
ɱˣǿߣҪɱ˻䣬ͷء
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ӷˣԭһɱ֯ѽרɱͨ˵ġ
ǿҪȥɱΪĳЩǿõģңûá
˵ӣҪģɱ˷ɱ֡
ɱ֣Σ
Ҵ֮£ȴ֮ϡ
ΪһʥһƷһʥƷ˵ɱʵ֮ϵĻҲʥƷˡʥƷľ磬ȥɱͨˣֻǲǴС˵㣬Щɱ֣ѵͲ𣿡
˵ҲǺεģΪȣҲ·֪ɱ֣ȫǰݵģǰʱܼˣһ˷ǣȫá
˰죬ɱ֣Ƿµͨѽ
Цˣɱ֣ûзκ£µģǵ汲
ʲô˼
Ҳ˵Щɱֵ汲еѹǵģеսϵӱеǷ˸ָķ򣬱ڼ̣Щ¶Щ¶ҲȫۼһʮǰΪһһֵĹ¶ӳˣҲڳУֲǣ³Ϊħ޵ͣԵ֮£ϰȣǣҽһںڰеɱ֡
⻰ͱȽϲˣӷʵϰǸͨˣƾʲôôʥɱ֣
Ϊʦѣʦɽ֮ǰһΪķ̸˱죬ǸͨˣȴǸǳͨˣüʦЩʮ˸ʥɱ֡
ԭʮ˸ɱ֣ȫʥ磬ͷҵҪˡЩˣΪ𣿡
㹫ӴɷģʦԱо֮ϱƶǲƼҲû׳԰׺ȣƼǿ߲ٵĻ緢ˡ֮ǰһ˵£̾;һ𣬸ӣɾͰҵ
ǽɡ
ӷ绰䣬һ
͹ӣѾȺʱˡ
죬ϰ壬ղųӷû̫ڲϸһ¡
ʮңͷѾһ룬ɽֻһңǳݣŸϴģȽݳ޵ģһ
Ǳ죿
ǡ
ȲҪǰ¶̵ģò㣬ȼʮ˸ɱֺ˵
Ҳ׼Աһã˵͹룬̴ȥǡ


1384 ʮ˹
ͬҰʯһ㣬ǴһЩĵطһ·ȥɱΪӷܣһ㣬ǱЩرĿ˽н׸֮ÿһĿˣҪ֪ǵݣֻҪǮͿˡȻҲֻҪǮͿԽģҪ˵ĽܣҲŶ֮ˣһܱˣˣҪ
ڵڶ㣬ʮ˸ɱסĵطֻǵһ֮£ȴҪܶ䣬ܶؿһڶ֮䣬ʮ׵ľ룬Ҳ˵ڶ㣬˴ѩɽİɽ֮һλá
һʯŻ֮󣬳ӷѾо˺üɱȴһƬ˵ֲָ֮أҪʲôĻǳˣʲôˡ

ӷһƣǸĶƿˣվڳӷ
⣬ڳӷӷһЦȴѾʧʯ֮⣬ʹһĺ⣬ȫ˹ȥ
жʱǰѺɫĴֻॼеĺ⣬ȫ
ȫס֣Լˡ
ֹֹڳӷ翴ӵģϼһ֪ʯڵ˻ᶯ֣ԭҲǿֹģȴûɼһ㣬죬̽ӷ磬ôҲ벻ʯڵ˸һУӷͿ̼ʧԼǰʯڵ˽еĹȫ׼
Ϊʯڵ֮ϣ⼸ȡ
ʲôˣÿӰӶ
ֻڰһ𣬵֪˵ͲǺܴ
Ǻء
ӷղʩչӰΣʣЩɱ֣ôܿĵ
ӷԼҲʯκһ˵òӲҪȻںڰУԵɱ֣ΪɻģǱ˿ǵӣ㣬ӷ˽⣬ϾڵǱߣڶ֮ڣɱ֣һ׷꣬һǾˣʯڵ˲ͬһΪɱ֣һΪ̿ͣһģĻʯڵʮ˸ʮǧˣ
ʯںмӰţ
ʲôˣ
ӷ粢ûлش˵⣬˵ҿǵֶΰɡʮ˸ˣһϣֻҪһңӮ
սǵģ
ˣĺס
սǣǺûʸñսɡ
ôĿǾǼʶһ£жı¡
ĸȫվԭûжҲʯ飬ֻĵ𣬵Щĵطðȫʯͷϣû˵ϡ
ⲻܣأ
ǵٶȣ졣ӣطˡ
䣬ӷѾʯ֮⣬վԭȵλϡ
㵽ʲôˣ
ʯһ
͡
ʲô͹ӣ
ǡ
ȻֶΡֻǲ֪ǣʲôùյģ
˿˵ڿʼ͹ӣǵˡҲ͹˿ɰɣ
ǲʲô˼ǵʱӦΪȴû˵Ҫˡ
ѵһӶںڰжȹѵǾûҪվ˵ǰѵ룬һ𣿡
⻰˵ص㣬ͬʱҲ˵ʮ˵ĿϣԵĻʮˣ˭ӣԵĻʮˣ˭ĸ˽ɼңҵЩǣ̫ݳˡ
˵͹ӿԸΪ˵ĻᣬǰѴ˵ȵҲǵҴӦǵ飬ЩҲû͹Ӵǣţһ죬ǿԸһģõĻᣬѵǾ𡣡
˵꣬ӷ˵ӿ˰ɡʮ˸˵ʵӻۡ
𲽾Ҫˣֹ͹ӣЩһᣡÿһ˵ͣʮ꣬ȴ˲ˣҪǱĸһûа쵽͹ӳˣҲǿУ֪͹ӵһЩ飬ϣ͹ӿǴС޸ĸķϣһɣǸ½ҲΪǵĸĸϴȥһ
˵ĸͷϣӷеĶˣʵӷҲȫʮ˸ˣֻǾǴСֵطɱһˣǲ̫⣬ǣҪʲôطɱˣһ뿪˰ǣʲôǣôȥɱˣ
޸Ҳĸʯڵʮˣˣĳӷ磬ֺγǣСڹ¶Ժ󣬲£Ҳ٣ʮ˸ȣĳӷ磬˶ˡ
һʲôϿݼӣ
ʯں
ʮ˸ˣȫԥţӷ磬ȴǱǣ˵ÿ˶ѡȨôԺ·ôߣǵ⡣ӲȱˣԸ汾ӵĻ٣ӿԱ֤꣬ÿһ˵֣쳹Ǵ½
һŵѽӷԼˣΪʲôԼôŵأÿһΣƲסԼ
ʮ˸ûκεԥͬݼӡ
վס
ʮ˸˸Ҫ߳ʯʱȴӷֹסˣӷʵжˣǵӣ
شعӣһ
ǺãڿʼǸϹӣҲ˵ϣûκһˣʮ˸Լڡ
˵ͷû˵һ仰׳ӷ˼ӷҪһ֧ĺڰǿߣȻǺڰеǿߣǾͲκ˿ǵӣǾͬȰ㣬ʱأκεطȴ֪ǶЩʲôˣʲôݡ
ʵӷĻñıϹӣӷûΪģŷԼ
ʮ˸ȴ֮󣬱ӻһġסڵǣûݣҲûеλǣˣֻǿ𣿡
ʮ˸˵ף빫ӷģʱȴŹӵĵǲ
ţһƺŰɣڿʼǣǱӵʮ˹ȣԡΪգԡһʮˡΪ˭˭С֮󱾹ٰԼȥ˽⡣ʮ˹ȣҪ˵̫࣬ҲҪκεĽΪӷ粻κ˽ǣԼڣԼ˽£ΪԼãǲ£ɱ˲Ѫ
ˣӻһ¸ȥ˵ɡ
͹ӡʮ˹ȵͬӷȴûͣҲûлͷ


1385 С
صԷİ󣬱ﻹе㲻̫̤ʵϾûʶӷڰҵϵֶΣڶ룬Լ᲻ѡ··һǴˣµĽԼȫˣ·һ
ӣ֪ʲôƻ¶ģô˵ߵͷҲǲٵģһָʲô⣬ʵǳеΡ
ӷ粢ûΪԼɶŭһμ棬һκǺġ
ĵˣҷǳͣ٣һУΪԼҲ֤㲻һ˽ˡҵļƻûƻ
໥һۣû׹ӷ⻰˼
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ɾͰҵʵһġ⣬СС֡ҲԾԵ˵⣬ǣûǴ½û֪ʲô⡣
빫ʾ
һڸո𲽵ʱΪҪģ̣̫ſǾͻᵼ¸Ⱥġ
ǵڶո𲽵ʱ򣬲ϺΧǸʱȻи̨巽Ĳ̼Ҵ£ɵʱϺڵ֪ϾĶǰ֮ΪȹĵλòǰΪ
ϣӷģԣӷʱó˸ˮ棬һҪˮʱҪһп򣬾ȡꡣ
ǹӴʲôʱǿʵ
ǲҪʲôʱǿԵĻԶڰУصͬʱҪ𲽵ȥƸԣҪģǴӰ֡
Ӱ֣ӷҪȿסǣңκ֪Ǳ˭ġ
ǲɵЦһ˵֮ǰ֮ðǸգþ¥֣ҲҪһսԭˡ
ΪһҪóӷɾͰҵȴϣԭӷԼҲˡ
ڰеĸ߲㣬ѾʶҵֶΣԣʲôǶҪȵһºġʲôطʲô磬һͬʱ󳬼ǿߵˣǣη壬ڶ˲ӡⷽ棬ǲں٣ǵ壬Ҷڣˡ֮⣬۶Ƿ棬ҲѾһ塣
֮ǰɱ۶ǵˣһɱˣǳӷҪ۶ǽõģƾԼһˣһҪʶۣ̫ܣһۺѣͲһˡ
ѡ۶ǣΪ۶һǿ󣬵ǽţҲߣӷеģǸգǸŮˣܰԼ
ӵ˼ǣȴ֣
ûֻҪܽסǾ͵ڿסǡҪ壬Ƽ壬ΪҪģǵĵһĿ꣬ȴƼ塣
УǿƵģƼ壬ֱӶֵĻɹĻʣ㡣ż壬һŮȨļ塣
ӷǳĵ˵ͷʵǣ˵˵żķ֣
ңֻҪżңǾ͵ڰǴһȱڡ
ûһ壬ŮȨûκ˲ģţżˣɲ롣
ż˲࣬Ѿսսˣʣµģѣȫżĵϵ
һûõģĵɣ
ӷ绰䣬¥£
ģǳһٷѵǷ⼸СǮɡ
ŹӣǿСӪѽÿγͽȥżҪǮⶼѾкüεǮż岻ˣ˵Ҫ
ϼһ˵һ飬Ӳ㡣
¥µƹһӳʹȫˣΧ˹
ӷվ¥ϵĽǰ棬ʵǸʲôˣ
ЦǹҪģżûõһˡС֡
С֣˼֡һż壬ʲôݣ
عӣżĳ丸ҰǰսĸʱѲˡ
ż壬ڱģģѽ
ǵģֻҪż壬ȫҪΪϡ
żһεļ壬˭
СֵãžǸžĿˣСֵĹϵҲãǴδСøҲӲСӡǰЩӣСֻƺԣҪɱžϣ˴ɱžž϶С˸ɵģСһȣСµ˲ź£żļźŸֻһֻۣһֻۣʲô֪
СֶǸãǺ֮ѽ
˵ӣʵǼ£ǹһɵġ
Ŷдžģǹ˭
ǧˣ²֪ǧһΪеģ֪ͺܲˣҪ֪ݣе㲻̫ܣԷҲ˵ġ
ܺãӣżǧ壬ǰӿѽҲһûᡣǼ°ɣСֵ飬ͽˡ
ǣӡ


1386 һѱ飬һ
С־ͻһſһվֱӾͽŸסˣκˣ޷ͨ塣
ٽأǽһҵߣԵʮֵĻ·ʱϵķⶼһһģһзֵķ̶̵ͣͷͷͣǴ˺ܶ෢һ
Źӣ㿴ÿ춼С꣬һԾʮķǶˣÿһ٣ɽ亣ζģСõľƣɲһСĿѽСҲСӪ鷳㣬һµķǮ˰ɣ٣͵Сˡ
ƹС֣Сÿ߳һƵģǰߡ
ѾѾӵģӳǼٷǿҹꡣôţӲǰɡӿɸǣ˵ûǮǴǮҲⵥˡ
ƹĺƣλŹ˵ģҲ֪ʲôʱǴǮģ˭֪Ǹ԰ʳļһżͲˣΪżĳһͱɨسˡ
Ļǲ˵Ҳǲ˵СҲǸռӣżˣΣˣһһƷĳߣԴûС֣ǸͨˣԴߣҲżΨһһͨˡ
СһֻӿƹǼȫƵڵأͨͨˣСֿɲ¡
Ӵ˵˭԰أԭŴѽ
¥ϵһ˳˶˲ǱˣƺХһȻҲң߳İԻˣɾˣ
ӷ֮ǰû֣ƼˣȻҲԷҲûзԼȻ˵ġ
Сһ̧ͷ͸ɷһת˵Ҫˡ
һСǰСֵ·ˣСֵٷ֣죬Ҳһ۶ûеģ
ԭƴӣǸҲԷѽСܸղʵûǸˡСܻҪ죬һ
վס˭ߵģ
쿴ҪС鷳ˣСҲͷ亹զôùأֻٷԾͻȥģڼҲûɳԣû뵽ȻƼļһ
ƴӣСܼкҪҪ죬̿ǽһҪõģ鷳㣬·
С֣ԽԽᴵˡ˭֪żķѽųϻ£⻰ȥҲЦ˵Ĵ
ȫ˶Ц˭ڴЦ
СŭˣЦʲôЦʲôЦġ
ŭճӾҪ֣ȴû뵽һɫĺ湻ġ
ʵأƴӡǰСܾͺͬڿŮҸʱ䣬Сܴȥơ
ѽСӻˡŮŮС֣ǷӵĶծʲôʱ򻹣
⻰Сһ䣬˫ְסԼķʷʵСʹѽʹˣƴӣ˼طĶ̫ɾˡˣҪȥҸطȽһ¡
顣
ҪһˣȴϣǰһųСһĽų죬˵ϡ
ѽ쵰Ȼ涯ѽ
˸ӣȻҸһסӿСӺþˡ˵ծǻǲĻ˫֡
ƴӣСҲû˵ѽ㣬㣬Ǯɡ
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Ǵ½ԻƽΪѣȫԻƽĽġ
ʲôֻǷʮôʮˣ
ҪϢѽ
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㣬㡭죬㲻Ҫ̫
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ôһʣڳˣȫص˸ԵλϳԸԵĶʲôûƵġ
СּҪùڳԲ˸ҰԼģԼ鷳ˡ
ƴүС˻𣡡
ν죬Сģȴڴ쵰˵зĻᣬȻӿѾģ
ŴӣղŲǻͦţôڱǰͱˡ
ǣǣǡСˣƴӣһغˣСһɡȻСȥ͵ֵǮĶ㡣
żĶֵǮô˵ˣƾ㣬Ҳ͵ĳô
ңҡ
ˡɱⲻ
ͻأһŮ⴫
СַۿȥˣˣŮ˾Ȼ粻֣֣ƫƫʱ֡
ͼŮӣ˽һһѽȫָ˵ڵϵС֡
һ۵Ů˽ŮƲʮ߰ӣĺ㲻ȽϺݶ˫ɢ׹⣬һͷУЩĺ췢Ůżμס̳ˣž
ãѽ
Сʵû취ˣֻǽоģȣһѰѽԡ
ԭŴСˡôø绹Ǯ𣿡
ޣ죬ң벻ҪҸΪһ̸ż壬Ҳûķ
ŴС֮⣬ɱˡ
ϾŵģҪɱҲɱ
ɲУܻǮȻˣɱġ
Сֶ޳ֵ壬ýŲţˣ
ƴӣңһǮ𡣡
ʲô
СҲֻǶһˣ˵ڳλȽҵɣ֮һӱ
˭㣿ڳ˭֪СʲôѽֺɫֺöĲ˵żķ˭㣬ǲɵء
ɵӣҲ֣Ȼ˽˵ɵӵĻɵӡ
Ӱ
ĳ֣ˣȫ̧ͷȥһ꣬ʵ꣬Ӷ¥
Ҫ֪ҪСֵģѽƼĴӣ˭ҰСֻǮ߽ǮС֣ǲڸƼ
û뵽죬вġ
վԱһֱûƺХһˣɵһ֮ǰһĻĻ·ֳԺС
ͣ
˶վ¥ڵҲ߳˰
СôҲʵ
֣ӣطˣָⱰɵСˡ
ӷӶ¥ֱ˫ۣ졣
Сֲûӷ磬ȴƺХղŶԴ˵ĳƺһתоˡ
ءѽ۸ϵѽѽҪΪϵѽѽ
Сģ˳ӷǰ˫ֱ֣Ӿͱס˳ӷĽţʹѽϵһѽǻ쵰ģѽҪΪСܱѽ
ϵܣСܵģС֣ҪƤģĸӷǸһǸһй֮޲ѽ
ȻԼΪ磬ԼҪˣӷҲͲĶԺˡ
޿ģʲô˵˭۸ˣǡ
СǷֵһ¾һڵٶȻͦģһѱ飬һľ˫һһ˦֮˫ԼĿӣԭ£ûһ¾ָ죬ָڳˣ̵ģղ˭ЦţָվûУҸˣ֪Ҹ˭ͣ͹ӣ˭ۣӹ
ڳˣһѴ󺹣Ƿˮת治Ҫ۸ѽղŻ޵شھŰˣ
ӷ磬òһС֣һ治һ޳ѽ̫ˣĻȻ˵ԼǸһͣһӳһ


1387 
СֺڱĴţ˫Ǳ֣ʱʱĳΧȥֻ˵ͷӶұܵģԵĺн࣬һһ룬ǽɾҪһӵζˣ
ղЦӰɣ
Ҳ˭˭ˣСִ˭ֱӸ˳
ŹӣᣬղһǿˣҿһֱڳԷġ
ǰһƣСָץһʵǾЦӣ
ŹӣˣֻǸսġⲻǼû𣡡
һ͵ġ
СҲ֪ץ˶ٸץЩˣһСأȴκһ˸˵ġ
󣬺ܶ˶Ѿ͵͵ˣʱߣѵųӵı𣬷ˮתģ͸ȷһС·Сһ㣬㣬㶼֪˭ġ
¥¥£˳ӷС֮⣬ֻʣƼֵܣһžЩˡ
Сֽò״ĻᣬɲܾŹžǶԼηĻֻҪӷһߣԼһҲġ
˵СֵĵСʱȴ֪ץסᣬһԺҲ۸Ļ᣻˵СɵͲһĹܳӷиˣһгӷһӦƲһʱǣ֪Сָӷλ͹ӵĹϵˣ
СҵһĿɽĻᣬǿģôץסˣǸǸأ𰸣Ѿ֮ˣ
ߺߣѽ죬СӲҪӻǮôڲҪˡ
Сֻ˵ĳڣǷ˱˵ǮڸĸүƵģǴ½ϣǷǮˣǴүѽ
ڼ˳ӷֶΣԼĶ֣ܸ˳ӷ磬֮ǰƺХ˵ӷӮһ㶼ʣҪϣ˵һ仰仰Ҳǳӷ羭˵ġʤʤܾǰܣЩʲôϸڣܵκεĽڡңòϣӷֶΣҲǼΪģȲ˵Ϊһôľ磬ӷĳ֣ǶӷĵϸˣԣƺХҲ֪ڿʼԼƼ壬˾УǷǳǿľУ˾ǳӷðͣ塣
ҶǱ߻ôȥƺǴڰǵ飬ڸӷ緢ͻǵȷʱǳ嶯ҲӣΪһʱ֮óӷɱԼĽڣƾԼƼȥҲ𲻵κεã
͹ӣ޹أѵ˵ˣСһôˣȫ˶ʲôʱѹģȫҲ֪Ϊɵϣӣйϵ
˻һӷǲһ£ԼҲǴмһȽģԼҲûСָԼʲôϵѽһжСԼ˵ġ
СֿɲվţֻҪӷһߣԼˡ
ѽҪΪСѽЩһʵ̫۸ˣֵ֪ܣǻңŮˣСҲǴģǰ£СһˣСĻͱŰˣ
ðɣСڿ˵ײˣ˭г𣬾ֱӸˮ
ѽɲܲСѽһߣСܾˣСֵˡѽһҪΪСѽһСϴʲôģ⳥ʲôõġ˵ѽϴ˵仰ɲ
˵ǳӷ磬λǶˣҪģûôҪġ
֪ʲôһɽһɽˡӣͣҪ޳ܶˡ
СֱǸѧӵܣǳģΪΪ¹սżֽˡ
ͬʱҡͷҲˣֱӽ˰
žСڣҲܲӷѽ
͹ӣɲҪƭˣһƭ۾գһµ
ӷ翴žʵʲôˣ
͹ӣżž֮ǰġ
𣿲ǵˡ
㡭
ˡҲǷϻӣȻûʲôϵղҲһʱġһ磬һУӾˣԵı𡣡
žʵ͹ô
żˣôǲ̫Ц˵㡣
š
С㣬εºܣŪʵλƴ֮ŪȵĹλƶʲôûУʣƾʲô˭Ƿڱӵ㣬ͬǸһűȽϺÿĳƤ֮⣬һС
žˣеĽѾľȴԱߵֹסˡ
ž𣿡
쵰Ҳ̫ǸˣȻ˵ҡ
ӷʵ˭쵰
ңС֡
ŮˣһΡ
ѵһﲻɡǸϡ
ӷ廰˵أҪպ棬ñӶ񡣶ˣġ
㣬㣬㡭
ӣжǮӷ粻žʵС֡
ûûǮѽǮҲǷˡ
ǷǮʹƼǷҵǱծп۰ɡƴӣƼӦûǣǷӵĶɣ
ƨҷųǿߣҲ˵ˣ
ãͿ͹ӵϣӼƽˡӣСһ㡣
һӣֱ¥žҲĴ߳˵ţڵſڻָСֺֱ
ӻزȥҪܣӻҪȥӵţӸҸˣȹˣٻȥˡ
˵ٻ죬ӣһ


1388 ֮ŭ
ڰڣǵעȫĳӷϣֱӷС֣һ뿪ŲɵĿһЦ
֣һЦʵе㷢ëѽ
֣Ӧ֪ڿЦʲôɣ
ܶʱ򣬺ܶˣʵڲܹĵģǰ㻹ңӲںЩν֮Լļ£ҲӲæġһˣ
һͣҪİǷӿඣ
ǰ𡣸ղҲˣǰĹϣǵĴȫɱˣѵһʱĳ嶯𡣡
Ȼڷֹ鱻¥֪֮ǰҪȫǵ棬˶Ϊ͵ʵ֮ϣ¥ͻᶢͣСйƻģûȦףһ󷨣˵ǰʵʵ˳ͬʱ¥棬Ҳû͵ֶΣһǣȻؾ֣ס󳬼ǿߣ棬һͻȻ֣κ˶Ǵֲġ
ڣǳүүǼ͵ͬʱһ취ס͡˵СֶιΪҲձɣΪڣҶ͸һʦҰ߽͸Ƴ;ͷۣ·һ
Ҷֲɵӣǰ֮󣬺ò׳һ˵ĽɫὫ͸Ƴȥû´ĻὫɱǴеһ˵ܣҲ˵ҶĿУһͣѾԽƼ塣
˿˵ϣֻǸӵܰɣҰĵĻֶθյΪ˵ǣû˶Ĺ治֪СӵԴǸʲôṹʮ꣬һѹͿԸ˴Ķ
ҲһжͰź˵ġνĻԶʮֻ꣬Ϊ˶Ŀʮ꣬һֱΪС
ҲɣΣ֣СӣҲҪѽ
⣬ҵ⣬ҪҲ
˿̣Ӱ⣬߽һˣ˲죬ҲƺХǸŮˡ
ա
ˣ

š
ֱм䡣
˵֣Ϊʽһ°ɡλС㣬ҵŮ
Ѿ֪ˣֻǲ֪λСմڵ۶ǣʲôݣ
˵ǵ۶ǵˡ
Ŷǡ
ϣξ٣¡
ξٱ£
ȻͬʱƺХ˽
һվס
ƺХ׷ʲô£ǻδй˵ķӦ֮ǰӷһսδйôķӦ
ܣʲô£
磬ܣȻȥ
ȥ
Ҫʣϻȥ
һеĳǿ߾ٴа㣬ɫʮѿ
׷ʲôʱȴƺХֹסˣ˵ȻȻȥǾͰ˵İɡ
һ뿪˱ʱתξٱ£˫ۣξٱµϲͣĴš
ӣһСŮӣǲе̫ˡ
СŮӣҲСŮ𣿡
СŮֻϱȽرһˡ
֣ʵڲףôξټһ𣿡
ֲҪᣬҸξټˣûκεĹϵξٴС֮ԻһǣǳŵģȺϼһƵġ
۶ǵ۶ǵĳʲôʱξټ˻һѵ֪ǾųǸξټĹϵ𣿡
Ȼ֪ɳ飬ҲùѽȻҪξټ彻ãŶĵ
ǵ۶Ҫξټ彻ǵ£ǰǣӭξټˡξٴС㣬ǳ˻û˷ǰ뿪ǣ¿ɲұ֤ᷢʲô¡
ξٱЦڣ֪ݵģӼȻһǣȻ˵ġȻҵݸ㣬Ǿ˵㣬ҲӦòǰɡ
˵ⲻǳ⡣Ӳܳи飬Ҳ֪ʲôܽύʲô˲ܽύǸͣǸ޳ܵСˣҶȥύ˵ģξٴС㣬Ҳòȥ
ʵ̧̫СŮˣʣһŮˣܸǴʲôв
Ȼܣξټ壬ȴᡣ
˵֣ȲҪô֪ξټ֮ĶԹ鶼ѾȥôˣѵͲܷµǶ𡣡
£ô¡ҲǿǸŮ˵ķϣξټǸˣղһܣҶȡͷ
ξٱһҲûĻϣˣƵ˵еһƣǼҸɵġ
顣
ӣ飬̷ʱѹסˡ
֣侲һ㡣
侲ĸ׵겻ξٴȫϵĻҸ׻ҵڶŮˣĸ˵ף˵ĸ׵ģҸ׸ǸŮзݣףξٴ
Ƽǵ£ǵ£ʵڲ˵𣬿Գ˵Ůʵܡ
˵һΣûɱ֮ǰϹ
˵ξٴС㣬ҿǻ߰ɣ侲һ¡
ξٱûнĽ飬ȵģӻУǳһСӣǰ˵ҪΪĸױСŮԵǸծŮӶ֮ǰȿɡ
˵꣬ξٱ½Ӵ˿ҵĶˣ̾ɵˡ
ĸ׵
ںһ͵ʲôصĻƽʯ죬һְɫʯͷɵġ
ӣɿˣϵǲͬһ塣
óһͬΪ͵ģһȽһ𣬵ȷͬһ塣
Ϊʲôз
ΪξټĴ֮
˵ʲô˵˵ĸ֮ĸ׵ļױ
ûҲξټģҲ˵ĸףξټˣǱˣҵ׹ùãҸ׵ãξٴ
㣬ֱڡ
ӣȲҪŻɣ˵ں˵ֻҪ룬һΪôģѵƼЩԴԵ϶쾳ѵ㲻ãСķƼȫֲͬ𣿡
䣬ξٱɢһеϤҲɵһ
ûҲξټĶԴǼ٣ӣӦòῴɣ
ôܣô£
ǣΪģǷҸ֮ġͬʱҲΪҵĹùãĸױġ
ʲô˼
ҹù֮ˣҸףĸס
ܣҸ䲻Ǹ¡
㲻ŵĻɻȥ㸸ף岮үүǶ֪ġ꾿ʲô£ҸҲû˵̫үүǣһǳ
Ȼת˵ûŪ֮ǰҴڳڣҷƭҵĻȡ
䣬ֱƴ
ڣڷ㶣˵ԭǳ۶ǣΪĲ̽ǵľ飬Ϊξټļ¡
ӣ֮ǰûʵ棬
ˣ£»鷳Һ˽⣬Ϊκ˶ŭȥκʲôģһǣĸ׵ϣʲô¶ĳƼ壬Ҫˣ


1389 Ƽ
ƼոտʼƺХлˣڶԵʮְûκһ˸ȥƶִϸҶһĽǽӷƳȥǰǽθһе
˵ҪеɱǴΣǽԵģͻǵΧʱ˴˷Χ˶ڵĴѩɽͻᱻΧҪԲܣǷǣɳȫתƵĵطȥҲǲܵ飬Ϊ½ѩɽ֮⣬ûط˰ˡ
ϣƶĶӣҲĸɱ¾ʵôûһ
ش壬ڱ뻢һԷʲôҪҪ̸ɣͽȻˡ
ܸͬһˣְܵģһ־ۼ˱ĿӦôȥһ֮ǰĳӣƼ˵Ǽ£ֻҪϳ֣һжǸδ֪ԼƼ壬ҲԽ˻ᣬһһֱ顣
ɱ¾һƶ죬ʵףӣСҪˡ
ͺˣϷĵģһ
ʵҾã͵ΪͲ֮ϣֻǿԼ͵ϮıֶβӮġ潻֣ģһ͡
˵ЩΪӸĹϵɱ¾֮ĸãô˵ҲԼӣǳǿߣϣɱ¾ͦοģԼĶӱӷԱɵֶλܣΪ׵ɱ¾Ƽ壬޹⣬ӣһҪ취һģؼԼϡ
ɱ¾һˣͲǺܴҲʮӣɱ¾ҪСʮꡣ
ڣ˵ȻȨҲǿѽҶѾһˣƼ㲻ʱĶӣҲһ֮µġ
ˣɱ¾Ķ񣬼޸ɱ¾ѾʮˣڣŻ֣
Ǹʲôö㣬Ƽ嶼֪ϲڴɱ¾ĻƼ彫ļᴫ˭ԼĶӣʱֽһôĵλ
ɱϾѾȢŵŮˣôҪӸɱ¾ŮٲǸƼˣ˭ƶڣᵱ˵ģܶʱ򣬾ڣֻǽɿ
ڳûһԼУ
һıʲô˼ƼѵҶľͲ𡣲ôһҲ仰ѽ
˵ûС츸ţʲô£ȥ˵
ҾͲһҪҼ޵ҶѾʮˣڣһλûУȥĻһҪӡ
顣
ƶȻһŭղ˵ʲô
ŵɫ࣬µףңҡ
ˣʲôϷĺܡϷھͿԸ㣬Ƽ彫ļҲĶӡϷھƼμסХһΣֵ֣һϷʧġ
ƺХ˵ﶼ˭ʺһֱ춼ûǸ뷨Ҳ͸ƺХ˵ˣԼֻҪǮͿˣ
үүˡ
Ƽ߽ƶ˵
ƶǷŭӣת߽ڵֵʮʧ䡣
ôˣ
ƶ컹ΪΪܸ˳ӷʧ䣬̾밲ο䣬ȴһ仰˵ֱӾߵ˷ǰ
ȫ˶໥˼ۣȻȫ˫УѾ¶΢΢ɱ⣬ڣҲɢÿһ˶δоɱ
ӣΣǵŭˣСӣҪùˡ
ˣʲô£ȳ극˵
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֪鲻ãǸúġ
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ͻȻһʣȫöеĪƶ˵ʤ˱ҳ£Ӧú˵ˣֲʵ͵ģŪΪС֮ϡ
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㵽ôˣ
̧ͷһ˫ɱ۾ǿһۣȫ
㿴ҸֲҺġԼû£ͱ˼ңҪӣȥѽ
˵ûУɱ¾ǶŮˣ˵Ҳʱ˵ֻ
ߣǣԼ԰ɣȻطȥˡ
վס

㻹ôǲңɣҲϰˡ
û֮ǰ˭ߡ
һת˵磬ܣûǵ£ȳȥ
磬㵽ôˣ
顣
һһģŭҽȥûУҹȥ
Ƣ治һĴѽ⵽ôˣԴˣĸ׸֮⣬ܺѽǶԶֵܣĺã滹棬ǽ̵ǣû˵ɽ죬ڣǷʲô£Ȼ˴ŭ
ܣ㡭
磬ҿӦҪүүǣǻȳȥɡ

ȳȥƶԽԽԾˣ̬ȣͲΪ˰ܸ͵ӡ
ȥ֮ƶʵ㵽˵ʲô
һˣεʵξٴǿϵã
ॣ
룬˵ϣˤ˷飬룬ģΪ֪˵˭ǸʱԼû޽Ƽ壬˵ǸʱԼȽСʮӣͽʶɱ¾ʱδʱ䣬ѾܶˣԼҲʮˣ


1390 ӷĿ
ƼЩ˵ֺ󣬼ͬһʱ䣬ȫվÿһ˵ɫǳѿҲǳԾǼһԶܷƵġ
ڳÿһ˵ı鿴ȥԼ۾
Լүү󲮣壬Լĸףÿһ˵ı֣Ȼ֪Լ˵ֵģΪʶΪ֮ǧ˿ƵĹϵֺαôţôԾ
ѵξٱ˵ģ
ڣȥţȥξٱ˵Ļÿһ仰
үү𣿡
ƶʵ
ƶϾǾ֮ˣڴ˿̣Ҳǵһʱȶģ˵û˵˭
û𣿡
ԼĴ󲮸壬ʵ󲮣壬û
ûǴû˵ˣҲ֪ʲôˡ
˫һתɱ¾ٴʵףأû
ɱ¾ȻסˣڣûӦҲͬΰ㣬˵Щ£һĻĻģȫԼԺ֮С
ף㻰أξٴˣϲʶ
ξٴξٴңҲʶ
Ĵǰ˳ֱӾߵǰʱڷΪµĻЩˣµģ˵ǸˣǸŮˣһѾ˺ܶŮˡ
ԭξٴ֣Զٴγֵģ͸һѾԶʧƼÿһ˵ļ䵱УȴϣȻٴ
ɰ˵ܻ֪ξٴѽ⵽ô£ʲô˸ģ˸ģ˵ֺڣ
㣬ְɣ
ңûҲʶʲôξٴûϵʲô֪
ûϵȻ㶼ʶΪʲôҪйϵ
ǵģǵģңҸͲʶξٴ

Ʒ󣬳˹ֻžһһصĶ⣬ɫͲУһֱӾͽڵء
ұ죬ˡ
ֵģɱ¾ɱ¾ֻ湻ݵģԼĹ⣬ֱӾʹȥ
ɵЦԽԽ˫ۿɱ¾˵ѽˣǵ꣬ǲҲģξٴǸҴδĸףֱҲ֪ԭҵĸ׵֣ҴС֪ģȫͬ
ҲʲôطЩʲôֻҪסƼξټ壬ûκιϵĸףҲҰǵĴҹ㣬Ӳܻξټκιϵġ
ŶңĸǳĸģǰǵĴҹ㣬Ǿȥĸ׵ĸĸҵ⹫Űɡ

ˣҪϷˣԭʵǲȥʵû뵽ҲΪʵ飬Ȼʵ
ƶ̾˿˵ֽûаסѽô꣬࣬Ǳ֪ˣ
˵Ҷ¿ʼǾ͸ңĸףΪȱˣǸһŮˣƸģҲûлɹɾˣҲһֱ׿ϵ䲻ãҲδТ֮¡ɽ죬һжһˣҾȻһϢҵĸףԭ˹ģҲǱģǣĳˣִġ
㵽֪˶٣ʲô˸ģ
үүʲô˸ҵĲҪֻһ飬ĸڸ֮󣬵˭ĸˣ˭ֽĸ׵ģ
ƶ˵үү鷿ȥүү˵
ˣʲô£ھ˵˵棬˵
㡭
ףˣȻѾ֪ˣǾûʲôˡûһƣȷҴģҲңֽһУԼ˭ݣƼ壬£Ҹ֪ңƼ壬ͱˡ
ı˱۾ʵǳϣ㣬ɱҵĸף
ˡƶ˵㸸׵һƣɱĸףˣµ֡£ѾɼȻ춼֪ˣүүӣȥ飬ȥɣ
ص˵ͷƶ˵ɱ¾ϴȥ
վס˵𣿡
ϾƼĹ⣬ǿĵܵѽ

ɱ¾ǰһվָ˵ʲôѵɱĸײɣ
Цĸף类ɱ𡣽죬Ҿ͸㣬ɱ¾Զԭģڿʼ֮ĸӹϵʹ˶ϣҲûҪлЩ֮Ϊĸ׵
ɱ˵Ѿȥô飬ѵҪѪĸѾˣүүҲѾһˣѵ˼Ұ׷ͺڷ𣡡
󲮣ôĸ׵ĳΪӵģһҪҲܵ굽׷ʲô£ֻ֪ҵĸ׸ġ
ҲҪ֪һ㸸׸ѽ
ף䡣죬һҪȫˣҪҪˣΪĸᡣ
ŵĻɱ¾һ仰˵
ɱ¾ʵѵҲɱ
Ҫңÿ
㲻ҪҲŶԡҿɲɱԼĶӡ
ɱңǸ𣿡
ûУԹ֪֮ˡ
үү󲮣壬Ƕˣɱ¾ҵģǾͱҲӹϵˡ
㲻㲻֮߱£춯֣һʱ󣬽֮


1391 ߱ɱ
ɲľأٺݣҲԼɱֵģ죬ҪΪԼĸֻһҲ񲻹ܵ굽׷ʲô£٣֣һҪԼΪӡ
ƶɱɲ뿴鷢ԼƼ壬ΪǿȻӲȨƣҲŴõǰ;ССͱѾ½֪㲻ưԣҲΪһʦһ߱ɱĸΪͲˣõģҲһʵֵ̫ˡ
ס֣
ƶȻǰҪȥֹɴ˿̵ŭѾ˼㣬ӰһƶлֹˣѾ
ɱ¾ֻоһǿҵɱ֪㣬ôãɱϾԼӣﻹԼĺӣԣôҪֹ
ȻҶ֡
˵Ҫɱ̽ȡգ
һֻסĺӣ漴͵ȥֱӾ˵˴ſڡ
ͬʱƺХڵĶҲѾ˹ȴû뵽ģȻЮס
ܣʲô
磬ˣ
¸ûϵ˭ܡ
һ־ͽӸҲ˵ֻ֣û麸Ĵᵼ̼ɥ
ס֣
ɱ¾ǰһָֻ֪Ҫһþڳûκһ˿ֹסģ
ȫ¡
Ƽ嶯֣Ҳ֪һƼɱԼүүҲô£ԣȽǣٽɡ
Ƽ˲Ŀɱ񣬾ҪɱҲѺɱѽ
ƣ侲һ㣬үү˵
үүѾܸ˼ˣѾˡΪ˲ҲڰɱģֻҪǲ׷Ҹұ֤£Ƽ֪ˣ֪ġ
󺰵ңҡ
ұ졣
ֺǾͲƼ

һЦ˵ӲҪ˵ĻǼȻѾϾ˸ӹϵҲںһƼš
ãܺãǳãȻˣǾͱ׵ĲˡĸôģҲҪô
ûʸĸס
һ̤أϳһѺֱۣɱ¾ȥ
ɱ¾Сġ
ƶ³ûָˣȻɱ¾֣˭ֹɱĻԼġ
ߡ
ס
˵ߡһŮ˶ѣˣһ
ǸףѾҵĺѽ
ڻᣬһӣкܶȴֻһһƼʧȥǾ͵ڶһǿĵơ
ɱ¾ʵˣû뵽ԼĸףȻ˵Ȼ
Уô˺ҵĺӣҸƴˡ
ɱ¾ס֣ǽ𣿡
ҹܲôˡ
ۿɱ¾ȻԼʩչɱУ£Ҳı䣬û뵽ˣԶԼĸɱ֣죬ԼƽϣȻԼɱˡ
һ˱Ƶϣ˭Ͳסģο㹻ʵӦǰһеĳǿߡ
ȻӲңҾͲˡ
ֻסһɣֱӾ͵˵ϣһ̧𣬶׼ı˫ɱݺᡣ
ȥɡ
ס֣ס

ݺݵһţıϣֻһѪ˫۾Ѫ˿Ÿֹɱ¾
û뵽Ҳнɡ

ڶֱ߳Ӿͽ̧漴һֻץס䣬ٹͷ
㣬㡭
һƼˣȫɵۣǻǵһμɱˣɵһɱģȻƼԼˡ
ȻƼſڶ˹ȥ
顭һƼĴţײˣֱӳȥ
ɲɵģƼ֮⣬м˸壬Ӧ˵ʬƼ˳ȥЩպôƼſھˣһʮ
ʲô£
ǴƼġ
ãǲƼĶ𣡡
ûƼһǳˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ƽ塣
ӣ
ҾҪֽ㡣
ƶү
Ǹ⵽ô¡
߱ɱĸףû뿪ǡ
ɱ¾ҲܲôˣӲںΧûˣֱӾͽ߱ɱ˵˳һ˵ڣΧˣȫɵۣ
ӣɱĸף
ӦǺĸŶԡ
¼ϸˣƼ壬ˡ
ƶ߳ſڵһ̣պþͿΧȫɢȥ֪鷳ˣһ𣬾٣
ɱ¾죬ҾҪ뿪ǣң
ɱˣ뿪Ρ
㵲סңǣҲ
ҲҪֽ

ͻأһϵЦЦ
û뵽Ƽ壬ϷǾѽȻҪƼ壬ǾͼǾ¥ɡ
͸ӰƼǽ֮ϡ
Ƿŭ֮УĻܵô࣬ŭȫҹ
ܺãȻ첻ϼǾ¥Ҳ㡣
һ͸Ӱʵɱ¾Ҷ˾¥ʹߣտɰТӣǣҪƼһĲƲǷԸ⣿
ɱ¾ҲѾǺۣܲô࣬˵λǰ֣ӡ
ɱ¾ǿǾ¥ˡƶ󺰵
ףڹܲôˣԲ뿪ǰ벽
͸ӰһЦ˵ȻԸ⣬ôڡɡ


1392 Сֵķƴ
壡
СʮֲҪĸųӷˣ˵ʲôҪúøлӷľ֮˭֪һһ»صż屻ҷź򣬲һȥȥԼˣӲͷƤڳӷĺġ
һ·ϣСҲһ磬һǺţرĴ±Ƶģʹڶ̶̵һʱ֮ڣȫ£֪С͹ֵܹϵ
òϣС˵㣬һ֣ӣͦʹģһ˵ʺһ˵ΪǴ½һǿΪĵطⷽҲֻСС֣С˸û˿һչȭŵĻᡣ
ڿںŲ裬ųӷӣ¾ͺǲˬ
С֣㲻ǼҲ߰ɣ
ʵܲסСֵĲҪˣѽͳʮͰƲ֮ľ͸˵ˣѵԼ壬㲻ɡ
˵С㣬ͱôСˣҸϵǲǣ
ϵͷ˭йϵ˭ǵ˰˱Ѫù
ͣѻ˵ʲôʱߣ
СҲǰʣ˵ĻԼҰ׳԰ٺȣһӶߵġ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦ˵ʵõĵСֵĵطֻ֪ռС˵ˣһٷıҲռˣŻأ
ԼɣֲҰģԼҪƤҩһһģ
˵Сֿɾͽԩˡ
ѽ㲻ѽ˭˭ѽżҵһȥҪСأܼܲȰɡ
ӣ֮ǰڽϲö˵ڣð͸ӷŸɾһ㡣˭ˣ
ѽѽ֮ǰڱʱ˿ɶˣǿֵѽѽʵСҲռκα˵ģֻҪСܽž쵰СܾͿԽżˣʱҺĳԺŸǸԴɾ͹ˣ
ŭҪļһҹȥ
ѽ㿴С㣬СܿɶΪ˸ѽ˵ڵ彥վҲǰǰûˣڲ棬˵壬һͨ˼ҶȲϵġСܵĻǱСܲұ֤棬Сһ뾡һа취Ūġ
ӷ硰Ŷһʵ׬Ǯ
ʲôлѽС׬ǮⷽˣǮǮЩ£СֻܵѽҪȽҵ㱾ǮֻҪС˱Ǯ˵һƼ壬Ĵһ𣬶Ȳôˡ
񲻹С˵ģڴţƵģ٣˵Ļ֤·һ·ûУӷһ죬һ£ѵһ겻ɣʱСʲôò֣һ߳壬žȷˣ
ӷС壬ھһʲôʱͼˮ̼ææĴ˽
С㣬ˣˣ
Сͬ˵ˣʵˣƶҪˣ
ƣӶ඾ѽһڣ˲ú
ˮС֣ʵˮ̣Ƽʲô£
С㣬ɱ¾ӣɱ
ʲôɲǼСѽʲôô󵨣Ƽϱɱ
ǣǡµ֣
ʲô˵˭
ɱġ
ⲻܣӲɱˣôܻɱļĸ
С㣬ǧȷ顣Ѿɱ¾˸ӹϵɱ¾Ҫȡƶ죬ס
Ƽ嵽׷ʲô£ɱ¾ҪɱⲻЦȲǸ֮䷢ʲô£ɱ¾ҲĶѽ
С㣬ڵǣƼ巽棬¥ĳǿߣҸɱ¾Э飬ֻҪ¥ɱɱ¾ʹӦƼһĲƲ¥£ѾˣȫˣȫƼǱ߾ۼ˹һ֣νѽ˶˵Ǹɱĸ߱
￪ʼţΪĹϵԼͱƼ̲ˣ飬Ҳܵ˭˭ʲôᣬҪȸϹȥɣ
ιȥģӷʵ
ʣȥѽ
ڿЦû˵ڿǾ¥󳬼ǿߣڰɱ¾һܹȥ𡣡
ѽҲˣͬʱսʤġڰҸæȥ
˵ЦˣƾʲôҪѽֲѡ
͵˻𡣡
ٸס
Сִ˿һ˵ѽûѽ׬ˡ
׬ͷ
ѽûЦֻҪȥСܾͿԱ֤һҹ֮䣬һĲŪ֡
СӣҲڿЦЦҲ
ӷ֪ʱԼ벻׬Ǯķӻʲô취
˵ģ
ȻģѽҪұǮ֮ǰҪ֤С
ӷһ£ѵƭԼɣ治ˡ
ҪȥҲԡǮӡ
ڿЦɣǼҵǮȫ
ҴӲЦǾȻǲȣȫССˡ
û˿ԥھΪأϾԼô꣬ˣҲԼʱˡ
ãˮ̰нȫӡȥƼ壬
ˮ̲ûԥΪ׵ģѾڴƼˣԼĻһǿߣһǮĵġ
ãϰнС㣬ôȸȥƼ壬ߵ齻ҡ
ڽӵϢһʱϵ塣
˵ӣƼǱߡ
Ѿ֪ˡϸϹȥ
ӣ⡭
ô࣬ȥ˵
Ǻðɡ
һ¡ѽҪǴͷңСء
ӷ˵ͷ˵ӡ
ңӣӿǳƭ˲ѽ
ƭҵĴۣһҲġ
һ仰ӷ缸ˣֱ߳壬ƼǱ߸ȥ
ߵСߣһִСּϣ˵ӣñˣʲô
ģģС֪˭Բˣġ˵ͷܲܰСܰн̧СܿҪʼ׬Ǯˡ´ˣ


1393 Ѫɫʮ
Ǻò״ӵȺƼ֮⣬˿̵Ƽ壬͸ϴһȫ˺ΧΨͬģǰҹ
ҹеľſǱʱӵǵҫ֮£磬·ıȰӵҫۡ
Ƽſڣƶ죬ƼˣļٵվǣһȫԼԶǵгһɱ¾֮⣬ÿһˣȥΣԵģ¥ĳǿߣΪ֮ϣ϶ĵ쾳磬˳ǿߣ˵Ƽ޷ǵռκεıˣǿҪ̼佫ǸˣҲǾпܵ顣
Ϊرǣ¥ĳǿߴӿʼڣ͸Ӱչǰģû¶ԵĿڳ˳֪Ǿ¥ĳǿ֮⣬ǵòֶ֪
ھ¥飬˶Ҳţһ˾¥ǾҪǰݣǰ½ǶôԺգһ˾¥ǽǾ¥һԱˣҲûǰκݿԡ
治֪¥¥һôˣȻԾۼ˶ǿߣеĳǿҲǰԵģǾ¥ʹߣɲڰǰ㣬ֻǸտӰˣһվǴ½ȷѪ꣬޿ɵʵ
ɱ¾Ҫ¥˵Ľ𣿡ƶ켱
ףƼӣѵɡ֮ǰҲˣĸɱ˭֪᲻ңҲһͬɱˡ
ȷʵвԵĵطɵ֮£ѵûд˵ǵû㹻֤ݣ֤޽ƼǱ⣬ֻǸŮ˵ļ仰֤һݣ˾ءСͲϵʣĸôģҲһֱƭ֪ʵ࣬ŭĿ϶ģɱһ񣬶ƼҲûκεʧƼʧȥǽôʧӦú
ףһкеƼ壬ҲȥػģûǸӣҲƼߵһġ
Ȼɱ¾Ѿ˵ˣƶҲΣھ¥˲֣ԼҪҲǲˣ׼һ֮ǰɱ¾Ӧǿߵɣϣڶһ֮£ܷŹ
ʵ̫ʶȤˡҾ¥㣬㲻òǾ¥룬δξܾǡѾȻ޷㣬㡣
ԭνľ¥˳߲˵ҰģȻ
ҪտɱģҪ֣͹㵹ùһĸס
ٷϻɱңҲ˵仰ܰ쵽İɡְɡ
ʵ⣬ɲɵԼ߳ĳǿ߶֣һˣɽڣûգպҾ¥ˡ
顣
ȻըһĶΧˣȫȥһ󲿷ֵѾĵ˵ϡ
ܣͿٶȹˡ
һ͸Ӱմӿ˳ǣȴסȥ·
ȥɡ
ǰ͸ǰͻȻһڿγɵͬʱѾ˹ȥ
ѵǡ
ҶȺг˳͸ľУϳ˶ԷƵģȴֲԳ
Ҷ޹أٹ£۵ģǡ
¥ֶΣҶ᲻֪ܱӷ磬ɱǴһ翸ȴﲻ¥
Ҷƶǰʵ׷ʲô£
ڲ˵ЩʱϽ취Ⱦɡ
취Ϸʲô취Ǿ¥Ҫɱ
ƶǺӶ˫Χͣɨţ޲һƽɱ¾Ļ쵰ȻľԼҪʧȥһӣͬʱԼǣҲһη¥ܴķ棬ԼƼԿѽ
鶼ѾˣԼûȥֹڵƶֻڴ漣ĳˡ
ǡ
ƶѾȺ֮ǰǣǸãղű𵹣ںòվȴһæﲻ
ǣܵأ
ƶٶߣûʱȥˣǿԶһӵģֻҪһǿְ߳пܴӾ¥󳬼ǿߵǿ֮ܣ
˵ƳϷģӶѣǲ᲻ܵġͣ㻹ʲôæѽ
ת֮࣬˫۶ɵˣӷǱԼģɸղԼһ𵹣һתӷӰˡ
أ
ʵǡ
֪ѽղŻŵģôһ¾Ͳˡ
ȻˣҡУҪȥӡ
С㣬ȥһæﲻϣҪԼȥ𣿡
ʲô취ˣؾ֣
ûõģ֮ǰѾֵˣҵһѾȫˣٷҲǰﲻģ
ͣȥˣ
ҹ֮У󳬼ǿַǰֵĻᶼûУѾǿߵѹסˡ
ǵͬǰ㣬϶£˹ȥ˿̵ĿŶԷһ֮⣬һ۶ûС
ͻأҹһȣֱӳǵ
𡭡
󻢽˫һתֻһֻγɵϻԼ߳˹
֣ǧ
֣ѣܿŲܡ
͸ǿ߱⻢΢΢˰벽Ҳǰ벽ѡ
û뵽Ҳ
λҪ̫ˡ
ʵΪʵͬ۸۸Ǿ¥
¥ʲô˲ģҲѣ֣ѵǲɡ
һСȻҴԲѡղһѾеȴֻǰ벽ǽô³
Ц֣ӳ˵
á
𣬿ôΪ˵㡣
ټء

ˡ
Χһһ֮
ڵǱˣڣһ
ͬʱҹУһвʷ֪ʲôط֣ڳֵһ
飡ξټľԴ
͸Ӱһתƶ죬ŭƶ죬ƼôĵӣȻҸ򹴽ᡣ
ƶһģȫֹ֮ͣǰ룬ô֪ģڣһ֣ˣԭξټ˽˰ǣ
ƶҲûʱȥʲô˵λһƼ嶨Ҫл
ֻƼ壬ϼǾ¥黹ڣȻξټ˰ʹһˡҾ¥ˮݣһһڸξټγһܵĺǣҾ¥ҲŹġ
¥ôĿǲ֪ûдеǰ
µŮӳߣϱɴסˣɿӡ
úǰȴ뿪ǣҶš
˵ͷϷס˵ãԼСһ㡣
ܣûôס
׷Ҳ򵥰ɡ
µŮӣȻξٱ£ðǵ˿ӣܣԼξټ۶ǵ飬ͻᱩ¶ˣ۶ǵһܣ˵۶λصĳ֮⣬ĵ۶ڵļ߲㣬Ҳȫ֪ġ
ξٱµһӣͼһʹϣҹУ˿γһ̻
Ѫɫʮڣ
ৣৣৡ
ʮѪɫӰξٱǰʮӰһͷͬħޣħ޵ǳӴ󣬸ͨ࣬еǹ˫Ϊɫֻŷǳ׳²Ѫɫ棬ͷ
˫ͷȮ˵еĵ˫ͷȮڵ磬ħǵĿߣû뵽Ǵ½Ȼһ¾ͳʮС
͸˶ͻȻֵʮѪɫӰһѣ
ξټѪɫʮû뵽ѾͷССͣͿԴξټһ֧񲿶ӣӣξټݣӦòѽ
ٷϻɱȹѪɫʮء
ξٱһת˵סǣҪ׷
ǡ
͸˵һ˵ｻ㣬Ϸȥɱ
û⡣ͬѾͷһ
֪


1394 ξټ
ھǴ½мΪǿһλڴ½ķǸط걻ڰţеƴδɢȥ֮ϳһƬ޴ĺɭ⣬޵أ
˵סˣɽģԭʼһţʵǷˣҲǸ԰ˣΪ֮⣬κһǽǾûԹˡ
ˣȴǴӲ뿪֣Ǻܶʱͬһ㣬һ쵼ߣһ½֮Уʼ޾ɱ¾˵Ǽ˾ɱ̾ռݣҲڴԼʮǰֹͣˣû֪Ϊʲôֹͣ޾ɱ¾ֻд˵ĵһ壬ξټ壬Ƿʲô飬ŵƽʮ֮ڣδκ뿪һ
ӣ֮Իֹͣɱ¾٣ĸйϵɱϾǹȥô꣬ô˵֮⣬ûκ˿֪
ξټȻΪһ壬Ҳ˵ͳߣǿ֪ģ£ȻҲǵ֮
Ƽ֮⣬ʮѪɫħ޵ӰѾ¶ǵıÿһ϶Ѫɫףÿһ˵䣬һ䵶ÿһ˵󣬶һŴ󹭣ʮ֧ȫɢɱʮˣǵʹߣǾ¥͸ǰһվǿҵɱ͸˰ѳֲסڵɢһ롣
ѪɫʮΪǺܸߣÿһҲʥƷľ磬ʥ۷徳綼δ˵ΪԺεֶȥһǿߣһ϶쾳ĳǿߣⲻ
ѪɫʮΪ¥ǿߵ͸ˣҲ̫СӣΪ͸֪ξټѪɫʮģǵΪ󻹿˵ѪɫʮÿһˣӵžÿαɱֻḴÿһΣǵͻ֮һʮ˼һ𣬾͵һǵħΪײеħ֮һһеΪǵʳӵžļһײеħޣѹ־ǿߣСˣ
͸ǰʱĹ㣬һֻֻөٵΧѪɫʮΧ漴еĹ㿪ʼϣʮΪһĽϣѪɫʮǿҵıըѪɫʮ壬ը˷飬ʮֻ˫ͷȮҲըȫ˵ϡ
ΧѪģһ嶼ˣһĻΧܵ˶̲ס˳ʵ̫˵㣬ǳǿߵֶһ֣˲ҵĳ档
͸˲ûȥ׷ɱվԭأһҲûжڵȴʲôƵġ
ʵүүΪʲôվǲ
ξټѪɫʮôױɱɱ࣬ȥһǿѾ׷ȥΣ˺һͷ
ɱ¾˵ף㻹ҪǸ𣿡
ϣѵ㲻״¥ɱƼ壬ɾˡһΪƼıŵ߸½ҰģʱԸǵģɾͲһˣ¥ҪƼءֻҪȻɱ˸ղǸѾͷ˶֪ƼһϵûУܱƼ¡
ǣǸӵڣȷξټѪȻξټѾˣһǸӣѪɫʮѹĿѾˣҪӻ򡣡
ɱ˵ף˵ξټһУûһеģֻŮξٴ㿴᲻ξٴصǰȥ뽫ξټ彻
ԺܴڵѾƼ˷֮ģΪѾ϶쾳磬պξټҪļ̳֮ˣѾʮδ̤½ˣһԸ⣬Ϊ̳˵Ĺϵһҵʺϵļ̳ˣ½ٴʮǰ޾ɱ¾֮С
ɱ¾Ϊɱ¾ȻҲϲɱ¾ģֻɱˣʮǰǰ㣬˾ɱ
ˣҪ˵ôˣĿǰΪҪģǲξټ˴ⲻΪ˱סƼ壬ͬʱҲǱ½ҡ
ƶ컹֪صģ½һңһģԼƼ塣
ղű͸ըɷѪɫʮȻĿ֮£ը֫壬ȫٵķֱۼһֽ֮䣬һεγһ塣
ʮֻ˫ͷȮҲڴ˿嵽ʮȫǰ
ֻʮˣȫվȫˣ˫ͷȮϣǽ䵶˳һӵϣ͸˸Χסˣ
ۿˣ
Ⱥ֮УһӣһͷۿһĻӵעûȫʮ˸ǳǿߵϣǰڷһӣǽ
ҶˣҪƵģϽעˡ
С֣ôȻľˣ
Ľǲģһģһ
ɵɣ¥ĳǿҪɱôܲ
ãããϽģעˣѽӷˣ


1395 ǿߣԪٻ
ܡ
ſڣξٱµķ£ۿҪ˳ˣû뵽Էٶ֮죬գ۵Ĺ򣬾Ѿǰ·
͸Ӱӳǽ֮ϻأֹͣ˽Ų
¥ǿߣȷ˵ãѪɫʮȻֻסһ
ξٱǰһսڵһ˶ûУɫʮֵز԰ף˼صˣ֮£˵һĳǿߣͬҲǴ򲻹ġ
һξٱξٱµΪ䲻ߣɼȻξټˣݸλףȻű֮ղѪɫʮһԵӡ
ξС㣬ﻹҪ㣬ұȴǣֲ˶á
ξٱЦҵˣѾסһסˡ
ڸ˵Цİɣ
㿴ӣ˵Ц𡣡
֮ǰңɲ١
ѪɫʮӦǵǿˣô֪·ϻɱ¥ĳǿߡ
ξٱ⻰ȻѾûˣɾԼˣҪͻǰѹأǲܵġ
ο汻㺦ˣ֪ʱ㱻ǼϼһһҲ˰ǡ
Ҫ֪򣬿ҸΨһֻҪǵ۶ǰҰ쵽ˣǽķĺֻҪǵ۶ǿڣͲκεľܾ
˰죬ԭ֮ǰξٱ½ԼԼ޷㣬ȥеḶ́Ҳξٱ뵽ˣƺ˵ġ
û뵽ȻᱻһŮ˸ˣ
ڿɲ˵Щʱ򣬾㵱鲻Ҹ㣬֪ͨģѵ᲻һ𡣵¥ˣԭΪģֻû㵽ǣǸףȻ˺ġ
ˣȻ鶼ѾҲȥκˡҲԲȥģҲƼ塣
Ƽ壿ҪƼ֮⣬ͬʱξټҸײ۶Ǻ˵۶һЩҪ󣬻Ϊ㡣Ҹ׵ҹùΨһĶӣҹùñ֮ǰҸ׾ڵûסùõҸȴڹùõǰģ֮꣬Ҫ򣬺úõ㣬ýӹξټ壬Ϊİ
ҲϡЩģǵĺ⣬һˡǰʵ⣬Ҳǣ߰ɣĿң׷ɱǵġ
Ҫǰȴֹסˣ˵֣ʱͬˣڰǵºܿͻᴫ½ʱѾ֮Ψ򣬲ȥĵطһΪССͣѵˣôԵھȪ֮µĸס
ûùþһӣùþĻȥǲֹġ
һ£˵ĶûԼĸ׾ԼôһӣԼСûĸһ棬ѵһ棬ҪܼҲĸ뿴ġ
ǣھҪȥҲҪͨǰǿ߲ѽ
סξС㣬ߡ
ãͽˡ
ģһˣĶ֡
ģһһˡ
һغСѾͷ
飬飬顣
ҹУ򣬳͸˹˹ȥ

飬飬顣
ϵŸ򣬷ǰ󹥻
͸Ȼ̧ͷЦһ˵ǹû뵽壬Ȼʧľ
Сվߣ˵ӣѾ׼ˡ
ܺãھͿˡ
Сͷǰѻǹָҹգһҹտһǹ
˿̣ͼҹУͻȻʮֻħޣЩħΪȴȣȫΪɫĳϿղͣš
ԭǵ۶ǣ׼
Сǹڶ׼͸ˣ˵ϼһⳬǿߵʵֵܲܵסҵĻ󡣡
еĻȫ׵ľ룬еĻͬһʱ䣬ܻ档
˵ʱ򣬿ܡ
ξٱҵֱӴԱ߷ɳ˰ǡ
Ѿͷûȥǿˡ
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ãҵĻ
͸˽ǵһӣȥ̼䣬ͽʮȫɱˡ
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ϼһһ죬һҪΪҵĻġ
õˣ죬ǼȫҪ
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Сһǣ͸˾Ѿ˳ȥ
ѩɽۣ֮һ֮ξٱ±СҲ˹ʼջܲ
ӣǾһˡ
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˿ѵѩɽԼ֮𡣿ɹʿΪ֪ҪҲڵġ
֣ӣǾȲˡǣǿһͬսѩɽ֮ۡ
֣׵ĻҾͲ˵ˣף֪ˡ
ξٱ˵֪ҾӦ㽫㣬ڣһҲܲ
С򱣳ֲ˵Ҳǲģľ
ĸͬʱ͸ˣȻҪǺβһսĽһһ϶ĳǿһսҲмֵˡ
ɾ˸ҪʱһΪϵ
ã˿£СΪ˿ء
ͻأһӰ˰֮У͸̧ͷһͼһ۵ˣҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬳
ʲôˣ
Сûʸ֪Ϸš
֮ڣӷЦ΢΢Ц𣬵ȴ뱾ĽȻͬ
Ԫ񽻻񷶦ףΥȴǲͬŴԪҲ˵ǺڰƻľŴӷã
񷶦ڵľŴԪںڰƻ֮ǰ֮󣬾Ѿת䣬ǿĹԪˣҲǽĽԪˣתΪ˺ڰԪأڰԪ
ӷڹϵģһǶԼ;ͻܹԼҲھ¥ǰ¶ԣ֮ǰӷ˲񷶦ŴڰԪһܡ
ڿʼʱ򣬳ӷ粢ܱ֤ŴڰԪΪԼãϾ񷶦޴ı䶯ҲӡɵӷǰķȥԪ񽻻ʱŴڰԪ񣬾ȻȫˣһӷԪ񣬷˽ʹĳӷԷǳõݣԾ¥ĳǿߣ˲񷶦вϵ֮ԴԼѾᱻ񷶦ˣҪһĳǿߣֻҪ񷶦õĺãˣ;û⡣
һ㻹ǸǰһԼģ޷еΪԼãתΪԵ
ʱ䣬ΪҪģ±ķɣ±Է


1396 Ϊ
ȻʹԼڲỽ͵ͬʱӳģȻҲǹԪأӷҲڸոսԪŷֺ֣ڰԪصȻʹðҹңںڰԪһԼʱҹԼ֮һ㣬ǺӾްҹ㲻ģ֪в񷶦Ĵڣǲ񷶦ˣҲ֪񷶦ӵôǽδǸԽ֮ӡڲ񷶦ڵļһҲ֪񷶦ܸӷ
˲񷶦ףʹðҹӷȻ޿֣ôĵˣǰӵеģ͸ǿˣֻҪ¶Լݣǿߣ͵ǵʱֵĽǿ߰ɣҪ¥Ϊ֮η壡ηͬʱҪԼĵϸȹģΪ֮ߣ
͸ƾ϶ľ磬¥ڱ˵һˣһٸҲġ
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˶٣ӷ壬ѾĽɲûأԼʮ׵ӡ
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ʵӷҲ벻ԼֻŻһϼһˣû뵽ȴϼһΪԼǴ֮ʣȻԼȷǣѾ˵ˣԲþ¥֪
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ȻϼһԼҳһڣԼһݣΪʲôԺأ
һΣˣǲˣ治ˣϷҲΪ㣬ֱӾȥ˵Ǹʲô¥ʲô͡
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͸˲ӷѾǳǴ֮ʵݣԼҪ̷ؾ¥£֪¥ǰһ׼
쿴ڸµϣ¾ȷǼһǡ
͸˷𣬲ҳڣųһ׹⣡
ڰӦѪɫʮ͸˿ҹеİ׹⣬ΪѾˣҲڴ˶ൢʱ䣬ȥ


1397 بŴ˵ѳ
֮أ˵Ѿѩı߾ˣǰߣһƬɳĮҲڽɳǵΧͨɳĮٽһƬ򣬹ǧﺣ֮󣬾֮ء
ѩɳĮĽ紦ֹͣܳôԶ沢׷ӣ¥ǿߣȷηǸǿߣҼ׷ɱԼˡ
ȻѾȫˣˣοܵشһĸ·ҪͣϢһʱ䣬ƶӡ
Ѿ뿪˰ǵʵΧǰ棬ǽɳǵΧˡ֣Ҳֻܻ㵽˴ˣϾҪص۶ǣǼϼһﻹڵһȥߵǡ
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1398 ʮ׬
콥ǵˣڵȴϢȴϢϢɳǱߣ˼֣ξټѪɫʮţһֱ½ȥ¥ǿߣ뿪˰֮Ҳһ·׷ɱѾϵ֤һ£Ǳǣĺúõģû
ƼߣҪŸѹУҶӦ
Ҫ֪Ƽǰǵ֮ףƶһεĳ̳ˣڣȴƼȻξټйϵⲻòҶ룬ƶе˻δõһʱûгƶγļ̳ѡҪˣ
ν˻ϲǣƼȻǳһ棬飬״ݻƼڰţкܶ˵Ƽξټ年ᣬͿסҲ֪ʲô˵ķ£֮⣬Ѿۼ˺ܶˣҪƷƶ죬ûʸεĳִϵλӣҲûʸˡ
˵ΪҶһζİƼĻȫǴһˣҪƵĿˣƼҪùҶҪܵȫ˵ɡ
浽ĿǰλûδκεϢҶҲѾˣ֪ȫˣ˽֮һȫһĽģ
ƼͬʱҲڴ˿̷ӳǿֶΣǾǳȫƼʱڰзչ˵ȴĿŵȥչֻǹһһʵǿߣǽãһƼ飬ֻҪѹϵˣպӷһ£˵ͻ֮䣬׳
Ȼһ֯ҪǿҪĸԸļ룬ž޴Ǳ֮⣬ҪӴʽ𣬾ڵ翪һҹ˾ΪһϰģԱĹʶȥʣ˭ѽıٴͻܲڹ˾ճ𣬾ͿʼǷԱĹʰɣ˵ʲôȹ˾׬Ǯ֮ٻǣϰ壬ɵӣǴӾҽԺܳĲˣ
ӷν񷶦ֽξǿξҲұ֤ξǣǰξټ壬᲻ΪԼĵˣ˵¥ɻ䣬ĵˣ治һǿѽӷǴģξҪһĻررͿСӵˡ
ջص壬⻹ûţͱǸסˡ
ʲôطȥˣ
ʵ
ˣȥ˵İɡ
ˣһסӰҲˣ㵽ȥˣ
Ůѽϲȡ֣ôŮˣһġ˵С㣬ҳ֣ãСӣӵ𣿡

ϻȫǵ˲ѾѾ˰ǵΧѾ˽ɳǡһģξټˣһĳȥʲôطӦñҸɡ
㣬ôߣߣѽһǾԶزˡ
ġΪ¥ô׵ķŹҺǸ͸һѣˡĸϻôˣ
Ȼ֪ξûҲͷˣҲҲܳӷʲôȵξ٣ЩĶ飬ǻˡ
ӻһףȻǮ׬ˡ
ӷҲʣֱӽ˿
ڣصĽСһѽ֮ϣڳ⣬ںȾơ
ӷСֽеľԱһ˵ѽûУСûƭɣЩС׬ġ
ӷ綼е㲻Լ۾ĽӦò࣬СֵģӦþֻʮ֮һɣһ֮䣬С־ͽĽʮӣǸѽ
ӣòǽȥ˰ɡ
ѽôСѽСܿɶǿֶ׬ģһԸһԸ򣬹ֲСѽ
ö濪ʼչ˽⣬壬һڡ
˵ͷƶСҲ࿴ӡ
˵˵ôЩ׬ģ
⻹򵥣СϾƼ֮⣬˶ľ֣ѽǲ֪ȫǵˣ֪Сܾѹ׬ˣʲôһһģοԴˣû뵽һ֣ëҲû
ӷһ㶣ľַ֣棬ǵСôᣡ
һӷǰץסС֣˵ӣҲǴӵģô˵ѽ
磬ʲô磿
㲻Ǵӵôֶ֪ľ֣
С뵽ˡ
ãģǸļһСûڵ磬Լҵţɾоˣ
˵ľֵķڵ̫˵㣬ˣǾǴ½ڵĶСֶǾǱĴˣССͣ˾̵ͷԣӷѾԼˣСֵһϯ֮λ


1399 įĿʼ
ڶһ磬Ǳ۳ȫ˵İ취
磬ȫ˶ۼ֮ʱΪҶִϣȫ˳ʱҲѾ΢һ£Ȳǰǰ㻪ô̵ʱܰ쵽Ѿܲˡ
ȫǵ˴˿̶ųĬûκһ˵Ϊÿһ˶ҶôƼ飬һζİأʲôشľ
ˣҲۼȺ֮У˿̣ͲȥעӷǵȫǿߣϾǣ飬ÿһ˶Сˡ
ӣ˵ҶôƼ壿
ǲƺҶΪֱΪ˵ĿУֻһӣӾǳӷ硣
ӷ粻ɵһЦЦݷǳգЦĵе㷢ëҲЦݣǷģ٣ӷ粻Ǹ֮ʣʲôʱʲô£ϵľ
ԭȶԸżģû뵽ƼȻᷢ顣Ȼڸᣬǻʹˮѽ
Ǵʱż壬תǹͷƼ֣
ձƼڰǾӪô꣬Բеô򵥣ƶδ֮λȡˣƼͬƿŰǵıȨʲôطҲһô㣬ΪҪġһǲڶǾȨܽҳҪڰ𣬿»ѡ
ǹӴô죿
СѾӮһǮôһ㣬Ƽ岻ġڣ֮ǰҾһӡνҪƼЩۼĲҪһѰѵģȫ
ӷ˼ԣڴżͬʱͬʱҪԸƼ壬ȴƼȴƼĲ֡
˿̣վҶѾʼ˵ˡ
λϷ뼸ִҹۣѾƼ飬²þϷҲұ֤һιͬĲþǺģҲǹ֤ġ죬ȫ˾ۼҪ֤֤Ϸ򲻻κ˽
ȫǵǱųĬҲûҪ˵ȫǸҶѹӦòҰƼġ
վҶߵִϣֻƶɫԵʮѿѾɫˡĸȴֵĲôʧ䣬һϴžΥЦݣЦûıƣеģֻֻ
ƶѽƶ죬û뵽Ҳн졣ƽڰģչҿ㻹ôš
żǼǰƼհڣƼۿҪùˣ̾ǽͷһֻѵ
⼸УԭȳƼ֮⣬ΪǿҲֻǳŸҸƶŸɡ
˵ƼһżǼȻƫģɽʱͬգһ֮⣬ˣѾį˼壬ҲѾչ˵ĿǰڳȨҲƣ˭ܱ֤ҶôƼ֮壬¡˵żǼڶ֮䱣ȾվһҲһʾãһлҪҶľ
ΪƼξټһ£Ϸ꣬Ҳ֪ξټ壬Դ½ɵ˺ҰǣҲвξټ֮֡ڣϷ֪Ƽɱ¾ȢģξټĶС㣬һһӣ¸ΪѾҰڵв˺ΪٴηϷȡƶγְλγļ̳ˣϷĴִϣȫ˵Ҳһʱ̵飬ԣĵȴϷ뼸ִϣһѡһԴǰǣһȫ۷쵼ߡ
˶٣Ҷ˵˵Ƽ嵱ǲܱԭµģЩҲƼҰĹסϷչڼ䣬ƶҲе鴦ķǳáӷĴѾǣΪ׵ƶ죬ԭͲƶĴԣھȡƶγ֮λͬʱϷ򲢲ãƶͲһõִϣҲ˵ϷʱƶִϵְλƼְλƼı֣پǷҪƼְλȫϣҲҪΪϷľڰƼ壬Ϸֻվڴֵ롣˵Ƽ޿⣬ҰǣңһƼеȨȫǸҲ⣬Ǹʱ򣬾дҰǵĻᡣ
ҶѾѻ˵ˣѵ˻ᷴ
Ҷ˵Ҳûӷ˵ƼڰǾӪô꣬ǱڵǷǳӴģҪһʱ佫ǾԲܵġ
Ҷı飬񣬶Ƽ壬ҲܲڽʱڣͲҪȥ˵ʲôȥʲôҶͻᣬһһģƼȨƣȫγ
⣬ƼûĿʼ


1400 
Ƽڿ˵һƬžⲢûˣ෴һѾƼξ֮⣬Ƽ£ȫûгţڼ
Ƽ廹ᷢʲô飬ƶѾ뵽ˡ
ףӣǳҪƼѿѽ
ɱΪƶĳӣֵһܶ鿴ĶȽͨ͸
ƶһ˵ֻȡϷγ̳֮ѡֻҪϷ˵һͿˣ漴ϢͻᴫȫǡҶȴȫ˵£ԣҪϷÿƼĿǰڰǵĵλǲɶҡģھл⣬ֻҪƼһı䣬Ǿͻᵼ¸ң㣬Ҷ뵽ˣŲһԽƼȨȫ
ǸףҲҪ׼ԵҪƼ壬һòͬķһһĽƼȨġʲô֪Ļڲ֮Ƽɾʲôûˡ
ƶݺ˵ϷΪǸ֮࣬û뵽Ϊһ£Ҷ˶ԴϷԸƼ壬ҲҪҶûǸС
˵үүȻҶʣǺαظʲô塣ֱӷ˰ɡ
ƶһ˫Ϭһ죬ŭ쵰⻰˵𡣸ҹȥ
챻һɱȴ֪ƶֻǲĻȥˣڵƼɲͬˣһͷ˷츲صı仯νһʵһƼۿҪûˣ֪ƼЩˣ᲻Ҳѡ
ʵһʼƶʹûҪʲô˶ԼҳϣһبŲĵҳϣֻΪѵĳ뻹ԣĲκˣԼƼڣҲĶӣӣȫš
һôĸԣƶ᲻֪ˣһˬˣӼˣͻһЩ飬Ǿͻ޿ĺ
ɱ˵죬ϸһطȥûҵ㲻뿪Ű벽
ףҡ
ϻȥ
첻ٴתߡ
үү󲮣Ƿģһῴס磬ġ
ƶ˿˵̫סˣʱ䣬ȽɲϷǳʲô鷳
ǣס
үˣ
Ƽ˼ææ
ʲô£
ү죬ˣ
ʲô壬鷳ߣѵϷǲɡ롣
ǡ
֮󣬳ӷǣˮ̣ã塣
Ƴϣô첻ɫȥôѽ
ӷҲһֻӣЦҽҪƼ鷳ģѵҪҸǿɡ
֪͹Ϸкιɣ
ƳϣѵϵĺͿ𣬼ô֮ǰѾˡ
ߡл˵ƨţϷûʱ㶷Ƥӡ
ȻƳæҲͲˡǣ嵥Ƴϰɡ
ǣӡ
óһ嵥ݵƶǰƶ쿴ȥ˵ֱ˵ɣʲô£
˵ƳϣǰʱǷǹӵĶӦûǰɣ
ѽ춾£ӷ˻թƼһѣ£Ƽˣûǡ
ԭ¡ǷģȻϷӦģȻԡӣϷƼǣǾڱѡһװɡ
ӷ˵ȻƳô󷽣ǱҲͲˡӵ飬죬ӻѡһõķӡ⣬ƳϴӦĿҲӦɡ
˵Ҫ٣
Ҳ࣬ƳϴӦʱ㣬һƽɡӸۣʮ㿴ô
ʲô
ƺХȻǰŭͣʨӴ󿪿ѽĿȻҪƽ浱Ƽԩͷˣ
˵ƹӣɲ˵ѽӿɶ˵ġÿĿҪʮƽʮһ𣬿ɲһڱӿƼ˵ķϣѾǴˣѵǻˬ𣿡
ͣһߣպƼȻ˵飬ҲڱǸӡ
Ӿ֪Ƽ岻ٳ£ֻҪƳڵһ죬֧Ϊ˱ʾӶƳϵ𾴣ǮҲ̫ˣ̫٣񲻵̫Ƴϵ𣡡
ƽ𣬾С֮ǰʮ׬ģҲֻʮ֮ѽ
ӷ⻹ʨӴ󿪿ڣû취˵ԼȴӦأƼֳ£ҲˮĻ̫ԲԼˣ
Ƴϣ㿴Ǯ㵽ǸǲĻҲûϵҲǵǮ˻ô˵Ƽ壬ӾͲұ֤ˡ
ͣ㣬㡭
ƶ챻ɫ࣬漴ڵѪҺʼѾܷŭˣŭŭܷڱӷһƶһֱ³һѪ
ס
үүû°ɣ
ƶһְסԼĿڣһֹסԼĶӸӣԳӷ˵ãͣ֡ϷˣҲ̫⣬Ƽ䶪ֶǮһУϷһᷭҪġ
ƳϣɲѽǼҳ飬ʲôϵеȫֵͷҲ̫˰ɣӿɻ˵㲹ƷТ˼ء
ӣӡղŽĶ۸̫˵㣬ԣ˵˵ġ
Ķǰ˵
˻㿪ʲôЦ˵ĶôõĳѽǸ˵ʲô۸񣿡
һģһһ֧˲Ρ
ҿѾͷҲ̫ܼ˰ɣֻҪƽĶȻһƽô࣬˼ƳĳԵѽһˣ˵һֱˣⲻ˷𡣡
ӷôһ˵ƶ춼ըˣһ仰˵ڣһѪӷǰ˵Ƴϣ֤ѽ
ǣǸϷȥ
ǸǮ
ɱ࣬ǡ
ס
Ϸ˵ǣǹ
ǡ
ӷʵƳϣ˼ҿҴĲƷ
ȫϷǵĶһ
ĶϽģѶȫˣ˼ҲҪǾʡˡ
ӷģҸղֻ˵˵ѣɲ򣡡
ġǾǮ˰ɡ
ӷһЦǸˮ̶̲סЦ˳ЩĶǳˣ
ƶָ߳Ƽĳӷ磬ݺ˵ͣ㣬ϷţϷҪʬΡ
ӷߵſʱͣͣŲת̾ⶼ㣬ϼһģ


1401 
ڳӷĴ·ǳߵܵƼȥծȴǳ͵ģԳǱߣᵽǣסķӣȻƼ׵ģһһǳģȫµģƼڰǰŽġ
˵ƼǼѹô꣬˺úóڶĻᣬŹȥƼծƶ˸ԭϯȫǵμԼǨ֮ϲȴӷֹסˡ
ˣǰҪɱξʲôˣ˵ξӷȣɾ¥棬ҲɵϣһѾ˰ߣһʲôľٶ¥ͻ̵֪ٶԽ࣬ԽƱػþ¥о˿ĲԾһ壬ûô꣬ͻȻ֮ˣѵоͿ
Ŀǰһ壬⼸嶼Ըˣ˵ڲûгվȽţʱ¥ĻǸոת壬ֽһΣǱǰҪشΣ
֮⣬ӷһ֮ξ֮£¥Ŀǰ֪һ֪ˣǾ¥һĿ꣬ǳӷ磬ǿɲóӷھ¥֣֮Լǿһѽ
оǣɳǷ棬Ҳ϶ѾõϢǵʹȫڰ˵ҶǱ߲û壬н³еӣһԼʱ򴦴ߵҪǣһҪĿ꣬塣
εѾô꣬һʱҲʲôֻȡӷĽ飬Ǩ֮ϲ͵Ϊ֮
ڰǵ˵ǲκˣҲ˲ģҶǵһصġ
ǣǹϲѽô壬ڿܽǾסˡ
⻰˵ģ˺ܱǳ֮û䣬ѵûԼȣΪ£ûе񽣣ͱĳиˡΪģϼγۿûȥԮֶһ£ӲڵܹأǸ꣬ġ
ɲôžǿͣóԴˣǱϣҪӵġ
æһСС壬ĵѽ
ǣ˵ġ뵱꣬Ϸүүɻսأתɲʵǲòѽ
Ҷ˻һԣɲרΪضģ첻Ǩ֮ϲҲŰݷá
ǲôǳһ̵ѾҶĻУ˵ߣԼĿġ
˵ﻰҲû˼ֻǰǸով¼³æԲš
ǣǾ˲˵żɽɡ
лֱ˵õĵĵطΪǵһӣȻᾡΪġ
Ҷ˿ΧЩ֮⣬ûпˣ⼸嶼ڿ˭壬Լˣ⼸嶨ڲ֮ϵģԣҶ⼸嵽֮ǰȴԼ¡
ǣ֪ʲôط
һǣһͣԼͦӡ
뵽ҶΪ˳ӷģôҳӷ磬һΪ˰Ǹ֮£ǿɲóӷݽȥ˵ǲ֪Ȼ֮λͣԸȴʺһ֮ⲻǸհңȥĲˡ
ûӷȷȥĲˣС֡Ӧ˵СִųӷȥġӷȥĿģֻΪٴ֤һСĳһΪԼ֮ļƻ·
ȻͲڼңϷҲȸˡ
Ҷ湻ֱӵģҵľǳӷ磬ӷ粻ڣҲûҪ
ɾҶתҪʱӷС߽ⶰȫµ塣
ҶǹѽߣǾͲˣ
ģûġǰһ仰ΪҪԼɺǾ䣬ȴҶơ
ǵһ۳ӷ磬ʱܻͲ֪Ӷļ𣬸Ҷţ
ͣϷպģ˵㲻ڼңںˣˣϷҲͲȥĵطˣ
ŶҶңΪ£
ǻҸĵط̸ɡ
ҶʵڱǸæҪأûʱϻзϻ˵ɣ
Ҷ治֪˭ǵĳ㣬ȴʶô
Ϊ˰ǣҲΪԼҶòεһҳӷҲ١
òϣǴ½ϣûһö٣ӷ絽ĿǰΪֹûã֮⣡
͹ӣϷйȫǰΣҲҪϷ˵ʲôӦúϷĿĸԭɣ
еĽзûãǾֱӣһ֮Ϊˣ鷳ӲҪô˵ˣԼǳģֻһ¶Բߣѵĵ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ҲһˣһҲסðɣӻеʱ䣬͸̸̸ɣ


1402 
ҶҪӷֵ飬Ȼ֪ڣһ鷿鷿ƶΪԼƵģû뵽ȴΪ˼¡
鷿ڣӷǲ˵λϣţҶλȥصģ
һ̣Ҷѽ֪һ֮ǰӦͬƼһ𣬽ԼҲô鷳£
Ǵ½ҲûкҩɳԵģҶЩûܰǵκ飬ڰҲԼЩƾƶҲ֪ЩҲרƼġ
ʵҶûзĵĽһдСȫƶȥ෴Ǵ֮ҲҪƶߣʱעľٶˣ
ˣѾûбˣҶʲô;˵ɡ
ӷ᲻֪ҶԼĿģΪǵ飬ĴˣڵλãҲѹģ㣬ֻҪİЩû°Ǿ֪ˣϴİǲǽħ֮ҲֱܻӴɽǿǣѾħΧˣ
͹ӣӦú֮ǰɱǴһ£Ѿ֪ˣҲ϶׼ǰʦ˵ϷѾһ罫¸еǰĿǰҪӦǵΧҲʮּѵġֻһζķأϷݷ棬ص⣡
Ҫ˰£һҪģܶʱҲҪǰԼ˵ǶԷĴˡ
Ҷ˵ȸ߳ӷ磬֮ǰǵ£Ұ㶥ˣ֮ҾĶˣĶæܴķ棬㶼Ӧòܰɡ
ӷɲҶһףϲвҶȻǵвԼӷʲôʱ򿴵˳۹
ҪӴ뿪ǰɣ֮󣬱ӻ治û֮
͹ˣȻ鶼Ѿˣǰǵ֮һߣǾԲߵģҰҪ˿ЦˣԼ˶ס⻹Ǵ½һ
ȻñߣΪ˵ЩûõĻҶֱ˵˵Ҫһס
ӷ粻Ҷ̫ķϻҪĻ㻹ǿԿǵģֻҪǶԼ飬ΪѵҪԼҲӦԼһ涼ûе飬вңҲûá
Ҷû뵽ӷһԸӲԵˣΪ鷳ġ
Ȼ͹Ӷѻ˵ˣϷҲͲϻˡǰҪΪƼ£Σǵ¡
ͶҶǸˣ㱾֪ġΪǵ£Ǳֻ˵ǸΪƼ飬ӻеȤġ
ǺãϷҲתĨǣֱ˵ˡƼЩڰǵΪϷѾˣγƼ£Ƚƶγ֮ѡλøˣⲢܽƼҰǵԣϷҪ͹Ӱæ
뱾Ӱ㣬ԸƼ壬Ƽȫ߽ҶҪӰ㣬ǲܣֻܵõʲôأ
Ҷ˵ֻҪ͹ԸϷæƼһУ֡
ƼһУȫ壬ɲһѽ˵Ȩ꣬ĻԼĳˣҲǳ
ǣҶܽԼֳƼ壬պֺγ˺Լأ
ӷɲɵĽȻ뵽ˣȴ˵ĿǰҪңҲҪ㣬໥Ҫ֮£ΪҪǲֽ˺أԺԺȥɡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪӰƼ壬岻ҪӹƼȨͬʱӣҲγˣ
ûȻϷ˵ӹƼһУγ֮ˣ͹ӡ
Ҷӷ翪ʼˣһһõĻʵһڣհǵĹأѡһεĳѡ֮һڣ֮ǰѡ֮˸һһصģıͿԶܶˣ
һΣҶˣΪӷַǳǿǿֻҪ֤ԼʲôȴϣԳӷֳ˵Դһݸ𣬵һеĵһӣΪӪӲ¶ԼԺգҲ˵һͨˣˣҲΪµģڹĻģ㲻䣬԰
ʵأһӻûɼȻҶôǱӾɡܱʲô£ϣҶڱ֧֣ӲҪҶԳ棬ֻҪԵ֧־Ϳˡ
ֻҪ˳֧֣ӷҪԸģɾͲһƼˣҶӦʱǣƾֻʣһˣʱеһжڳӷҶǸܡ


1403 Щϣ
ȻӷѾӦ˰ҶԸƼ壬ҶȻҲͬʱųӷ磬ֻƼһ̨ҸʲôͷϣͿֱӽϳˣϳӷɱǴ֮£һ뿪Ǻ֪ˣǾ͵֮κһǣģὫϾɱ
ڵ۶ǱߣҶҲѾǵˣɱǴʱΨûж۶ǵˣҶҲ˵۶һģԵ۶ЩĲɽ¶ˮ磬ҲὫԼƵʸ֮ĵĴȥġ
֮ҶҪͬʱƼ壬˭ڰڣߣأֻҪܽҲſ֮λʱ˸ǵĳ
ȻҶЩӷȻҲѾ뵽ˣܻҶƻ֮ǰѾԤ㵽ˣϾⷽϣӷǸи֣һζսȺ۵ģվ۷λϵģǾھǴ½ϣһɡ
Ҷ뿪Ƽ֮Ǵ鷿˽
ղҸҶ˵Ļ㶼ˣ
ǵǵģĺ
˵˵Ŀɣ
һ˫֮ƣȥԸƼ壬Ҷ֮
ûһҶĿѽ
ǹӣȻѾӦҶǽô
ҶȻıĽɫΪݵģܲѽ֪ͨС֣ȥżһˡ

ǺǲܣĿǰľ˵ƼҪԸ壬ͬʱҪȥȡδıҶǱߣӷȥԸƼ壬ͬʱ塣ֻҪгһìܣָͻ֣ӷȫ㣬ȴΪʲôҪܵżȥأ
ѽʵ̫ˣһССİǣ͸ôӣǽư½ȶ۷·ֽҪ߶Զأ
㯣ӷЦǵľ·棬ļΪ
ȻƼ塣
ļΪ
塣
ļңƹݣ
ӷôһ˵ˡ
ѽǵľ·棬ƼΪаǵĴ󽫣ƼˡȴΪоеĸȫˣ壬˵ڿסǵľӣ壬Ƽ֮£ľȨƼġ
ɲΪģΪģȱٲһǾݣҲǾΪҪĶ֮һ
ż壬һŮȨļ壬ΪŮ˺ܶʱ򣬶Ҫϸĵ㣬ԣںܶǰҶͽǾΣżҲΪ˷ֹƼ岻ңҪңҲ̲⼸˵廹żǼηƼҲὫԼļ壬װ͸Ƽɡ
ӿǵļǣƿסż壬Ǿ͵ƿס˰еݣǸʱǾӵһȨˡ
ҪżɲǼ򵥵顣ҵĹ۲죬Сó֮ż˵ȴһǴԣǲܹ⿿С֣ץסżǡ׼ȷ˵ҪץסźŸǸŮִϵǡ
źŸһǳ֮ˣҪץסǣ²ףǿͨС֣ȥ˽һżڲ⡣
˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵Сָպþƨƨߵ˽һķǲͣ¶ţ˼˾Ͷġ
ѽƵĻˡ
Ƕİɣ
ɲ𡣾ϴΣһҶĳϰ弸ҵˣŽĶĳأһϰ壬Ҳ˵ңУҵǮûȥѽСںܾᣬǼҶĳУǰһѽĳʱ׬ǮȻȽ٣ܶʱһûʲô⣬ֻҪһ⣬͹ˣ
УȻҲУǼϡѽ
˵˵жô׬ǰģ
˵ӣǼ֪ȷǸõ棬ƽ̵⣬ÿһµУͻһЩûصĶó˵Ȼһ궼ѵһöһһöһ㹻ˡ
Ŷ㶼˵ǵȷǸĵطӣĳͲҪˣУȥɡס׵ļ۸񣬻ߵ󣬼ȻǶԷģǼ۸˵㡣
ѽ湻ġϲƺðɣСһ׵ļ۸
оǣȫǣȥռЩϡ
˵ţӷ罫һֽСֽ֣ϵ֣ǳӷдģΪĿǰΪֹӷ綼ʶϵ֣֮ǰʹд˵ġ
ѽҪЩ
ӣʵ֮ǰҲʣЩϣҩѽѵҲ𣿡
һɡǲöʣȰѶռʵûеĻǾȿš
ѽ˵ЦɡЩС㵽ļҲϵһתȫˡ
ޡӣǰţ
ӣ˵ģģҪЩϣȫΪͨˡ˵ˣҴǰʹ˺ܶҼڶһˣ
ӷ硰һɣԼҪĲϣȫƵҩģΪѵõЩʲôʯ֮ڵģڵʱΪ˵õʯԼܵؾȥˣû뵽ڵѵõĶǴ½ȴ֮ͨΪģ
£Ҫˣ
˵ģģ
Ȼˣѽ㲻ţھͿҼҲϵ꿴һ£ڵŵģдĲϡ
ǻϻʲôǣ¾ͽˣٶȣҪĲȫռӣھʹȥż塣
ѽҪȥǼңԼȥɣҿɲȥ˵˵
ڣ¸ëġϽģߡ
ѽѽѽ˵˵ѽ


1404 ż
С֮£ֻܱӷѺżĴſڡ
ѾˣżĹأÿÿҹ˾ʱżˣ뿪Ű벽ֻǴڼܴڼʲôģźŸܡȻҲи⣬żˣǿȥģϳȥˣҪܻ
żŮ˷أǴϴģźŸԼģųҪ֤żÿһŮ˵ף˵֮⣬Ӧû⣬ϾżŮ˵ңһЩ˶ЩǶżͻɺܴӰ졣
Ϊһ֮źŸǽصķǳãϼ֮λÿϣŰ벽˰Ƿ˽£ǱҪĻҪŻ뿪ģȴҲֻһˣ
Сվżſڣܳӷô͸һһҲ߽żĴţǴһ󿪣ͻųȮ㡣
СģǵһμȵʶġԼļҶһأ治֪Щ굽ôģ
˵ǣǴûС֣Ҳ̲ס̾˿˵ѽǲ֪СЩĶʲôӡ챻˴ϱϳţСӲĻҲܻڡ
żÿһˣ𣿡
ȻġңˣһλûУЩ˻磬û취˭Щ˶Ůأ
Ǹ̻е̬ĳȻ˶㡣
̣ѽɱ˵ǸţСܿɴû˿
СֶźŸǷǳޣûûΪ򣬹ѧξǰˣ־ɱ
ˣȻѾſˣҲżеҪ̸ģ·ɡ
ѽһ£ǵ˫
ʲô˼
Ǹٺ٣Щ飬򲻵ѵʱҲ̫ˣԣѽһСܰɡ
Сӣ⻰˵żʲôɸ˵ƵġӷȴûнС⻰ϣֻ˵˫ա
ǾͺãֻҪǵվûʲôˡѽСܿǻȥˣҪɱСܣɲܲСѽ
СֻŸ䣬żĴţѾ˿
һСһֱӾͶ˳ӷ˵ۿˣҹģôˣ
ſˣżڣ߳һȺŮˣͷģžżμ
ӣ㻹һҽ첻㡣ˣҷź򡣡
ǣС㡣
ʮŮˣÿﶼӣͳС˹
ѽ㿴ûУֳ棬Сǰɾ˲ѽûϵЩѾͷҲأСܻǶסġ
ӷЦһС֣Ǹͱѹǰ±žһֻȣһµʱ䣬͸ûµƵģ鶼ǴģһͭƤѽ
С㣬ôѽȻҶӵˡ
ӷɲСԼǰ˴ϣʱ䣬Сֵ⣬ȻԼżңҪģС֣Ǹӡ
ž֮ǰѾ˳ӷ磬Ϊǳӷ⽫Ӹͻģû뵽ӷȻԼС֡
͹ӣżҵļ£㲻Ҫ֡
žĸҵӷѽźŸѾˣҲһЩǳҪ
ƼѾҶˣʱὫƼ߽һƼһ̨лӹƼЩȨƵģɾ壬ڣҲΨһͣܵõҶءԣžԳӷ͹ʱҪòֵġ
죬ɲǱӽСͻģСΪܡ
ܣ֪͹֮ΪΣ
żЩ飬̸
̣
ѵûʸ𣿡
Ҳ˼ֻǽѾˣҪ͹ӵǨ֮ϲȴǸܾˡ͹Եֻ֪ʱţ͹Ӽ̣ԭ򣿡
㲻ҪܣҲҪ֪֮һ仰ˣǼǲĻǾͱͰѳ˵ǰ档ǱӵѣǾǱӵĵˣ£ȥںĹأ㣬ͲҪӶ˵˰ɡ
͹һ£ǴɱͲ˼κεĺ磬ǣ˭ܼ
ǣźŸȥݷóӷ磬ȴӷ涼ûϣѾܶˡӷԼǲҲҪóӷ綪أ
žϸһ£Уһ潫λ͹Ӹŭˣ治֪ɳʲô
žСּۣ˵ˡ͹ӣȻݹ٣Ǿɣ̡֪ͨ


1405 ӷĽ
ż֮ڣվŮˣʹԼǶʮһңҲȥżңǸŮ˵Ȩļ壬ڳÿһŮˣǳˣԵĺǵˡ
˳ӷС֮⣬ԱЩŮ󣬻վеģͣСҪСɣеģСֵõˣҲСһż壬һλûС
ʵǰżҲŮ˵ңȴ٣ֻǾЩ꣬İǲϵķսżˣսɳЩŮˣȴ㣬ȫǶֻҪս£żߣضȰжսжͷŮˣȫں棬ö֮żжȻԽԽ٣ڣҲֻʣСָõˣͨˣеΪģҲͱźŸƵսȥˡ
ò˵źŸǸݶ̫ţֻ˵ˣǳޣŻᵼ´Լҵ˵˿
Сһֱڳӷ󣬻ͣųӷ磬һҪɲҪһСģСˡ
ż壬ǵ֮һһ׶֮أԼҵˣ˺£
СΪ˱ȽϿĿõܣ˵ҲСֲ࣬⿴ڵı֪ˣСǸȽϻͷ֮ҪģҪɱ֪ܣֵű򣬵űɱϡ
ѽ̫ϾҪˣǧҪСѽǱϵĻƭˣ
Ц˵ӷƭˣҲһƭҪƭӷ磬ǻҪԷͷԵһôĵزȻԷͷԱľأ컹ҪǿĻǳӷܻᱻƭסˣǴ½ϣ𣬹ƾԲܴڰɣǴڣˣǻû
ɵһЦ֮䣬ֻһԽʮ̫ţӿ֮˳һͣΪԴߵĹϵǱʮӡ
ڵôһ仰ŮʮǣҪҲʱҪϺܶ࣬治֪Ǵ½ϵʮŮˣôġ
źŸΪ˴˵ӦòԷ֮ɣ
û뵽͹ӾȻż壬ϡѽ
žĵ飬źŸô˭벻ᵱӷɫż˵ɲǼ¡
źŸϴһɫӣֻƽﾭģҲִרõӣǰŵı־֤Ϊʥ۷徳硣
ڵʥ۷徳粢Ǻִܶ࣬ȫǣˣҲǰ㣬ֻʥƷľ磬һƷ֮ͬصľ룬ôѣ󲿷ֵˣһʱ䣬޷Խż
żˣǰר̰ݷżġ
ӷҲֵĺܿνֲЦˣźŸ֪ôҲ㶪żţǰ
Ǩ֮ϲ곤ϼ˰Ѿˣȴû͹ӡ͹ż壬żѽ
ˣӷǼѽһǵִ˿˲ѽܵʲôطˡʵӷ֮㣬ǳӷ籾ڳӷı󣬻һҹΪ͵Ľɫˣйٷ磬ûûҹ趨ųӷһУ
ҶѣлżصȥأΪ˱ȽϷŵ̫ϲֱϵĿסҲ֪ǼλһȥģԾ͸ȥĳ˼ѡ
ӷ罫Сǰһ˵żӸѹãڳڵ黹̫˽⣬һŹӣӦòɣ
͹ӿˣܵõ͹ãΪ͹Чҡ
ȻˣҲǸǷ˱鲻ˡŹҲ˱Ӳæθһż壬Ϊ˻ġ
͹Ӳˣż趼㣬͹ӿϣǾͼȥɡ
ðɣС˵ĸƵģ治֪СԼԭ򣬻źŸʶˣԼӵͣô꣬ûз֣ҲŮеĹϵɣźŸӲۿС֡
Сѽǻ߰ɣطһ̶ȥˡ
ߣȥģļңԺ㶼Ҫס
䣬ӷźŸ˵ӻȥͲˣϾŹżˣҪסġڱӸղ˵ģŹһ飬ҲҪסżйܡ
֪͹˵ʲô
źŸѾˣӷ⻰Уű˼
ܼ򵥣żμλӣС֣ĳ
ӷ˻һż壬ʱͿʼˣһͲסվģȻž
ͣż㵱ɹͣɲҪôˡż飬ʲôʱֵһˡ
ӷͲžСԼһ˵ѽͱˣСˣǸϽ߰ɣȻС߲ܿˣ
ӷɲС֣źŸźŸϵı飬еı仯̫ţûиžǰŭһǳӡ
Ǿ˵ѽͻȻһܵϢҲֻȵʱɫ΢һ£漴ͱֵķǳȶ
͹ӵĽ飬ῼǵġ
ûĵźŸȻԸȡӷ⻰Ȼġ
ž˵̡
죬ڸ͹˵ʲôʱֵˡ¡
žźŸţδ˵һػû뵽Ϊһӷ磬Ȼᱻ
žһӵŭתˡ
źŸЦ͹ӣʵڲ˼̵޷ѽŻǲµѾͷ
ż̫ˡ
ӷ֪ԭһƼ壬һ壬ǵм壬ѽܳΪһ֮ˣǲ򵥣ӽżĿģҪˡȻźŸ;ܾӷĽ飬˵Ҫ󣬲һŭ֮Ļӷ绹ԷڣźŸŭˣǿԿǳӷĽ飬óӷ綼֪˵ʲôôˣ


1406 ն
вҲúƣźŸȻʹ죡
ɿǹ鿼ǣ֮£ֵĽк֣ܶӷȻż壬ǾͱҪõһ׼ȷĻش㲻شңҾ͸û꣡
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ӷץסͲ֣ôҲôģҽˣåˣ㷢쮣ֻҪһ쮣͸ҴżĻᡣ
ӷӲΪǸˣҲûʲô£νĴȱĳǸɵϵģڵ磬Ǵ½ҪҪɾһҵҪԼȫµĳֶ֮⣬ա
źŸΪԼ˵ῼǣܽӷߣӷ絽һԼż巢ѵģ˵ŽƶѪźŸɲƶ·һʱ֮ԺںȴںԼżδİǣƼ֮⣬Ѿ׷гӷ壬˭Ҳұ֤պİǽ˭ưԣϽʱ򣬾ȥ壬ģҲֻгӷһˣ֪һֻϺ꣬һֻС꣬᲻ʲôЭ飬ЭĻǾ˵ҶѾȫվߣҪ֮
źŸһǳ֮ˣƾżĹؾͿԿĳ˿̣˳ӷļƣóӷз쮵Ļᡣ
Ȼ֪͹Ϊλῴżеһ͹ӵ˵ͱضſ֮ϣ̾磬ЩδϿʲôŵ㡣˳֮⣬ɫģģ˵һǴ
źŸվߵӷǰΧżˣҲѾȫ˿
͹Ӧ֪ż壬ǰ֮һΪǵִϣƹŰΣΣҲҪһ˴ȥġż˵ǲңˣսɳѾˣһУҲҲ壬λǿߡ
źŸһ˵ô࣬Ȼ򷢳ӷ磬ɳӷôô򷢵ģʵ֪ż˵ŷʲô˼
͹ӣѾ˵ĺˣżһμ䲻ҪŮ˵ŮԵżϴĹأһһڲͬʱȻҪʱĲеģ˵ż֮УһˣԵμ֮λܴżһߵĸ߷Ļһһ֮λǣ͹ӿƼλȫ£һ֮⻹ʲô֪͹ӵǿһ㣬żһţȲ˵һķɣǸͨˣͨ˳Ϊ˵ȥɣ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ̫ţ˵ѽ칦һõĻżҲڻƼ֮ôˣ
˵ϣСֻеģ٣һԵļ̣׬ǮǴ½ϣ׬Ǯ𣿶ھ˵ëöûУʵΪܴһС
СǸͨˣ㣬˶֪ӷҲĺܣӿɲǰĳӷ磬Ӳʮǰĳۣû˿̣Ҳǿߡ
ڣźŸΪʵó˵ӷ绹治֪ôˡ
̫ţġ
ѽ˵̫ſɲѽǲţ¶˰ɣ
ӷһЦȷ֮ǰǰźŸˣû뵽ôһˣͷԻôѡ
Ȼżѻ˵ˣǾûǸɡҲͲ˵ˡ챾ӻе£ˡ
͹ӣҪᡣ
ˣҶͬһУպеǻֽ̡
ӷһתֱˣСֲżųӷҲˡ
ž˿̴Ӻ˳Ц̣ţ
źŸмһЦ˵̫ͣ˵㡣Ҫǰˣͷһףʮɡ
̣ǰˡǼһǸǴɱɱ۾գһ£ǰҼһĻ﷢ţȴһƽƵģ
ҪرС͡˵Ǽҳ˿Ҳû˿׼ġˣʹ˷뽫ǸżҼ֮λҲһܴеõٺôɵġ֮⣬͵ֶΣղ˵Ǹɱ۾գһµĽɫǵȷ絭̬ȣԲһģҲģǳԵɱ˵ĺڰߣܰ쵽㡣
ǰɱأ
ն
նɣ̣Ƕ֪һǸ˵ģڴϻʮ꣬ѹѽôܻɱôˣ
Ҳ׵ĵطӣͣϴкܶѽ


1407 źŸѨ
߳żţǱżһȺŮ˸ͳģ飬ǵһηΪżһŮ˲óţҲκһ˽ģ죬ӷ˵Ǹɣ
Сֿųӷ񣬴׹֮࣬һķ۴̸УʹСƨҷţԭΪĻԼҲԽᣬЩĳȴϣźŸŭķǳƽ仰óӷ޻˵ˣûڻϰѳӷóӷ뿪ż塣
ֹ̫Ǹ̫ţ
ӷ˵ˣСֲ˵ѽ͸߹ˣҪС̫ţɲǸʡ͵ĵƣ
ӣ˵̫ŲǸŮˣǸ˵Ļǻô
ô֪ѽ
ǾûƼĴˡ
ûźŸղŵı˵ǸˣżȨԻᳬԽƼ塣ֻϧŮ˱ϾŮˣܶ෽棬޷ǰģżŮ˵ңǣɲǸŮ
ѽô
ȻСֲɵڼ̵Ĵڣ᲻֪ӷż壬ɲΪ˰ԼģһĿġ
ȻСѾˣҲѾȥż壬ǳӷҲС֣СΪԼµĻǻֱӽеһжĸԸΪԼЧ
ӣ֪Ǵ½ϣļΪӴģ
ѽСҵ׳ѽ˵СֻǸͨˣûκεΪС½ϵֶ֪ѽųǸΪξټ壬Ⱦָ۷壬ħް겻ȣ˳
ӣеĲѽȻһ仰½еָ˵˵˺
ŴУΪξټ壬¥ųưԴ½ҰģħԵħ֮ʧٺ󣬵ڶһ겻ھ壬ѾӱᣬֻżȻһΣ֮ս
Сֵ仰ӷǳ⣬Ҳһ֤ӷûпˣ
νҲűãʲôˣֻҪǻϣǾôֻҪ˺ʵλϣǱͻὥıӷ翴پǼӼȳżһ˺һȫΪȫȫһ֮
죬ӷҪС֣ҲעСֻǴ½ǾǴ½Թһ½ͨˡ
ӣ벻ңղ˵Щ֮䣬ӽһȫµ
С֡һʵѽûףܲ˵һΣ
ˣڣһһȫµ֯ãҵˣȻ˵㣬ֻҪ飬ʹûʧܹڣ㣬벻ҳˣֻҪԸ룬ҾͿԱ֤֮ڣЩˣΪϵһߡ
꣬ӷҲֻʱ䣡
ɡ
ٻش𡣡
룬ֻҪ˵һ仰ҪСܸʲôɡ
׬ǮҪ̵ʱڣҳＯĲʲôֻҪܳﵽĲǶҳ˵Ľͻ𵽾Եİ
С˵֪żΪʲôˣԭǿżڹⷽ档
ûҲòϣֻǰûĴõõĵطȻҲû˷ֵĳ
Ȼ綼Ѿ˵ˣŵĹСܣСܻ˵ʲôΪһͨˣܵõ˵ãҪСҲһüͷġ
ܺá
ӷ粢㽫ԼݸС֣ڲ˵СųҲŶ̴Լʵݣ죬½֪
磬֮ǰ֪½һиߵ͵ģһ£СҲû㡣Ȼ֪˸Ĵ㣬СҲͲôˡ
ŶʲôûңǲǸżйصģ
ûǸżйصģǸֱ̫ӵĹϵ˵Ǹ̫㣬ֻҪץס㣬͵ץסѨ˵һ֮λҪͻ
ٷϻֱ˵
Сֿ˿Ѿյż壬յӷĶߣֹ֪ʲô
ԭӷ绹ǳСǳζһС˵Ļ󣬳ӷ˶

ͻȻЦһС̡ꡱһ˵ѽɲ̫֪ˣȻͲˣ
û뵽ѽû뵽źŸȻȺã˵Ӧʮü˰ɣ
ʮˡ
֪֪ط
Ȼ֪ǣһ֪¡
ô֪ģ
ٺ٣Ǹٺ١
ٹ
ѽǲиٺòãͨ˵ݣб¸ѽֻżȻһᣬҲС͵鵽˶ѡ˫գȥ쵥ˣһȥġ
ѹղǵջ˫գԭ̫ţϣͲż塣
ٺ٣Ǹٺ٣ѽϣץڴɡ
ӣǿ̣湻յġ
ѽѽֲǲ֪̫ţʲôʱҵӿˡ˵ˣӣһΪ̾öأ
ǺãǾ͵ſϷɡߣȥǱ߶׼ôˣĻͨˣҲ˼ˣ
˼ǣ԰ұԴߣ
ǲ̫ܣٿԽ㱣ľС
ЦΪԴߣҪ֪ҪΪԴߣǰģһ綼޷ˣôܳΪԴߣ˵ǳӷ磬žǳ۸ԶɽҲǰ첻İɣһߣ𾳽ˣǻҪʱ䣬ԷԼʣ


1408 ز
Ϲ˯ˣΪκһŮ˵Ƿǳɾģʲôණڽϣƿߣ͸˵Լˡ
ǲ֪ŪһҲǻݣʯͷģһЩͬɫĿʯǺǲ
ǣҿɸ㣬ҼңҡҪռĻЩȫԼȥ
ԶԶģ˵ȫ˵ġ
С㣬ЩǹҪģҿ˾ţ֮ŴӲͬĵռģҪЩȥǾ鷳Լְɡ
ǣ̫ˣ㣬㡭
ʲôջò˰ˣ
ӷСֻġʱӷһ˫۾ķǳ
֮ǰе㻳ɵģǸСֶ˵ԼҪĶǴ½һڶѻÿһԼҪĲˣƵҩģҲƷģЩڵ磬ɶʮϡеģ
ʯ
ӷһۣͶ˵ʯϣǺܶ飬ԼĿǰƳ߼ĵҩʯҪĲϣֻҪ㹻ĵʯǳӷͿƳܶ൤ҩϲ񷶦ڵǾԪҪΪ׾ٵ顣
˵ӷѾ۷ľ磬ʥˣԼƵĵҩУ񻹵Ϊ߼֪Լ᲻á
Ϊĵҩ֮⣬ӷ绹⼸ֵҩʲô񵤣ϴ赤֮ģЩҩͿ׬Ǯǣ򣬳ӷСȥǸ𲻵κεˣ
һ£ϴ赤ֿ̥ǣӵԴǰʣھĵҩӷôֵҩˣڵʱ򣬳ӷ粻ֵҩĻƴţǼȫΪߣŻᵼлΪԴߵȻ֪ڵĻƴţôˣɳӷǷǳĵģԼȥʱƴţǣȫԳΪԴߡ
Ȼϴ赤ûƴţԴߵǰǶǴ½ͨ˵϶õģϾǿ֮Դǵûеģ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһԼĸ׸үүܰ쵽ʱԼͬ԰쵽֮ǰΪʲô˵ܽСֱԴأӣǰܶණܾûùˣӵеĶ̫࣬ЩõĶˣ
Ĳϣֿ˿Ǽӷ˵ĿǰƳĵҩﲻԼǿ԰СˣŮ˶ǰƯģ񵤣ǵˣҶƶͣҲǷǳõġ
Щ֮⣬ӷǰЩ˵ʲôģԼҪõģβЩòϵķأȻЩЩ׼ģǴ½ϣӦеĴڣ٣Żһ˰ɣ
ǣɵĲЩȫҪġ
ӣʵڲףĻҩЩҲ̫ͼѽңûħ֮£ҲƳҩġҪҪҴȥɱֻ߼ħޣŶˣҼһмħھȥùɡ
ħЩֻʲôҩãƵĶҪЩͬΪ
ѽ㲻ǿЦİɡûħҲƳҩ
ҴӲЦʲôҩҲᣬȴһ֣еҩҩЧһģʱֻҪҩķóۣͿ׬ѵǮȻʱ׬Ǯⷽ棬ӣ㸺𡣡
ҩųɹʵģֻҪϾԪͼʧˡҪҩȥֻۣҪҼرƿӣҩڻˮϾԪĹʵþԪĹʵĵOKˡ
ǶԼĶ䣬ʵղ˵ʲôҩ˰ɣֶǾԵıе˲±֪㵹ãֶȻóͲ屻𣡡
㲻ҪܣڼĲԣʲôֻҪ׬ǮҶȥġ
ʱӷڵҲõҩȥǮһΪʱĹϵΪ̫Ĺϵ澭Ӫȥ̽ҩ鴫ʱ̺Ҳûôϡ
·ڵû׵飬Ǵ½ǳΪһʹƵģóӷȥɣΪҪǣ⡰ʹԳӷŴİ
ǣõİ취£ʱ䴫½ǲҪΪǵ˱ǵʱʹ򿪳ţǽҵ뿴ô𷨡
ӣɲǿЦġȻһ´˳ȥǾΣˣ
ƸҪأȻƸһͬ壬ܶʱ򣬺ܶˣΪĲƸȥܻΪ֮ӵһУкܶΪΪǮһûǮʲôǡУʵһУΪΣԣҪԼ÷˶֪һǳǮҪֻǮһУں
ͻԼһ棬˺һ档˻ᣬзչ
Щ£֪ͺˣ˵
һͷˮ֪ӷ絽ڴʲôע⣬ҲţӷƳΪĶǱµĻԼΪӦòô㡣
Ҫͳȥ棬Ҫʲô£塣
һܲεĻתߡ
ӷͲֹʱ㲻ҪҾͺˡ
ˣҸˣҲȥǵɡ
ӷ翪񷶦һӣͷһ˲ϣеĲϣʱʧˣ漴ӷԼҲˡ
أ
Ȼһо£ֶΣŲʲôˣ϶۷徳ĳǿߣǿԱģ


1409 Ϣ
˿ֻҶһˣ뼸۵Ӳ֪ʲô£֮УûһˣҲûһǰӸϵˣҶĽ̸໥֮䲢ּɻ䣬ûһֵ֮𾴡
ˣ
ʿ˽ǳģûõҶ֮ǰֱӳ˽ɼʿҪϱģǺεȵļ¡
Ҷޱ䣬ʿǰԼ˵ȥɡ飬ԼȿŰ죬򲻵ѣҪϷˡ
˶˵ͷҲû˵ʲôȥ
ûеء
ҶŭһʿŵĻΪҶչصʱ̫ã󲿷ֵʿ֪ҶԸƶ
ƶѾȡγļ̳ʸ⼸ҲûְǵĴС񣬾ǱߵĶƶҲ֪Ƶģһڣڼ
һʱ鼱˹أˡ
Ҷ̾˿ӣڵȨƣƶУЩʿҲֻ֪һƶ죬һƼ壬˵˭ǵĳ
˵ɣ׳ʲô
ǣǳǼУ¿ҵˡ
Уһͨ˿СѣǿǹأҲûҪ˽Űɡ
ǳѾˡӦ֪ǰǣһУǰʱҲû̫Ķ˾ǳּصıˡǼУѾˣΪС
ŶߣӦͰռİɣ
ΪʲôģҲֻ˵żǸСְġ
ż壿Ϸ˵ˣǸС֣żûõķͺͦģΪصȥһż壬ȴСźŸ
ûɳй壬ո¿ţʹһĴϢ
ʲôϢȻ죡
棬һŷǳĹ棬дĳ壬¿֮⣬ضһ¿źҪͷһ
Ҳѣûôãڲ棬Ȼкܴ⡣еͣܰ׬ǮҲ֮е顣
ǳ֪Ҫģʲô𣿡
ʿ飬ӣǱҪĶӦò򵥡
ҲҶʣʿֱ˵Ƿҩ
ʲô
ʿ˵ĶҶΪԼĶ⣬ʵ˵Ҫʲô
ҪģǷСҩ
ⲻܣǼĻϷšûô꣬ɱϾ񽣵һֽģмҲûʲôֵġҩǿֻҪҩʦƳҪƳҩķ̣Ҳô򵥵ģ壬ƾʲôҩǴҩ
¾ͲˣǱߣѾ˹棬һ˵ҩ֮⣬кüҩÿһֶŲͬãһҩǿԣԡ
ʲô
԰̥ͨǵģһͨˣӵԴߵʡ
£ҶɳסˣȲ˵ΪҩǼΪѵõģ㹻Ĳϣ½ϣҩʦĴڣҲǼеģԣֻҪҩĳ֣Ǿ䱦е䱦е˲Ż±֪óʹ̥ǵҩδţ
Ǵ½˵һǿΪ磬ͨˣҲк̥ܶ࣬ǵҩ֣Ҳ˵еͨˣгΪǿߵϣǸʱɱ¾սͻԽԽ࣬˭Ҳ˭֮£ûͨ˵֮£ǿ߲϶֮£һô磡
ȥпϷҪͣʲô
ӷӷҲӦ˰ԼڣȻôĶ
Ҫ֪ڣżϸģһЩҩ飬Щϸ֪ˣ˳ȥǰǣҪˡ
ҶҪȥֹӷ磬Ѿ̫ˣʿѾ˵Ǳߣ涼ˣҲ˵ȫǣѾ֪£ڵļϸǱߣ϶ҲǵһʱõϢģɣѾڸ۶Ǳϵˣ
⣬İô˭ܱ֤ڳ˵۶ǵ⣬ûǵļϸˣ˵һϢ̵ʱڣųǣ½⼸֮ڣڣҲǷƼʻĳ棡


1410 
Ϊһϣɽ˺ľ棬δķ
ǰĽֵЩ֮ͨ⣬һЩû¸ɵĹӸ絽Ϲתƣ˵ʲôʱ໥֮ͷìܣŴ֣죬µصģּɹһϵе⳥
첻ͬ˵ǾۼȺȴһˣڴµģΪпŵӣƽﲻôۣȴǰΨһҵУ˽ʱգͺñһ֧Ŀǰ˵Բ˸µģȻ˲ڰǵ֮⡣
ҶڵõϢ󣬵һʱϵֳȴϣģɲҶļȫѾˣڼƶ죬Ҳ̲ס˹
û뵽Ϣ֮죬Ҳ˹
źŸҶǰȻ֪Ϊ˺£ȻֻǱҶǲᵽܵġ
ӷСȥһż壬죬壬ͿһУ˾ϢٶȣҲ˵ɣκˣûļӦ
Ҷ˫ۿУſڣȴֻһŹ棬ûˣţҲţǻûŵļʱ
źŸ˵ȥż壬֪˵Щʲô
źŸһ͵ɲҪᡣ鷳ġȻżǸμ֮λըһ֮ȥġ
Ҷ᲻֪ӷȥżΪʲô£᲻֪һôĽԭﻹе㿪ĵģû뵽ͣᱻһ̫Ÿ˵ĻᶼûС
ڿĳӷ粢˿Ҳ쭵ɣԸ˵ûɵķ쭣ҲǺģԭ飬ڳӷļƻС
ȻЩ뷨ֻҶԼʵϵĳӷ磬ȷż巢쭣ɽ죬żӦûڰɡ
ƶǰ˼װĻͦģ˵ɲǼС£͸ôĶһͼһҪֹ
ǳ˿Ҳƶվһ˵Ƴ˵ûǰһ˵ʲôϢһǴ˰ǣеǣʱһ֮ܿƵסĽ룬ֹǽĻǾ͵ֱ½еսˣ
ҶЦһ˵ǻǵ飬ҪҲҪǰһĽӴڷ˵ˣǲǰǣֻ壬Ͱˡ˵ˣǵ飬ڻû׼ţһѾڼƻǰˣϢһǴ˳ȥҲһǽʱ䣬ϾǲɵӣǰǣҲҩҲ֪Ǽ٣ģУ˭õЩҩġ
ǳ˵ΪҪǣǰǣĳУЩУٶмСͨˡʹϢ˵һֿ̥ǵҩʹͨӵʣҲζţ½еͨˣлΪԴˣӦòεĿڣҩۼĲ˵£ġֻҪҩ԰Щͨ˳ΪԴߣЩʵ棬ͻдȵͣͳΪЩĶˣЩ嵽ʱ͵Ķ飬һġ
ҶʵѾͷ˼˵εĿģ½
Ӧ
Ů˴Ǵķ棬ӷķ棬һĳ롣û˵ģҲȷģϢһģǳӷϴ赤ڵõĵҩͻΪǴ½ıЩ塣
ʱеĴţѾ򿪣ˣȫۿȥܶ˶ȥʳӷ磬ҲΪͣĹ棬滹Ǽ١
ȴϣŴ򿪺󣬴߳ģǳӷ磬Ҳκһˣ෴һӣӣżС֡
ҶһȫźŸÿһ˶⵽ô£Ϊʲôżˣһ߳ҲΨһһ߳ģ
źŸҲǳƣ˵ǲҪңҲ֪⵽ô¡
Сһ߳ţ˫ֲûбȭʺã˫ĿӣǿҪƵģĺܶˣЦ
Ϊ˶֪˭ڳûӵģӦźŸˣ
̣Ӽֱⶪ˵ġȥ
Ҫ嶯ںԣڴͣǾ˵Щʲôɡ


1411 װ
֮ƿɲ˵ģһ˫ŸӣĶͦϵı飬ЦҲޣ΢΢һ֮ʾǵȼթ֮ǰ˵񣬲мһˣĴݣǰǸ󣬱׷ִŹӣһƵģ˵ţ˼ݱϵļթоǣηǰκһˣźŸǵӶۿ
žУʵ̲סɵغװʲôװƨϽš
СžһۣȻһ仰˵ת󼸸˵ţ첻ҵˡ
¶һ㶣ʲô⿪Ҫģ˵ˣǵʲôˣ浱ˡ
Źӣ⿪ŵ飬ǹӽģ˵⵽ǿǲѽ
СͣͣŲ˵ŶҸ˵Ҫ쿪ģĻ˵ȥ
ǰѾҲͲסįˣʵС֣У㵽ǿǲĻǾͱǴҵʱ䡣Ҫ֪֮Ծۼɶǿ͹ӵϣżëòã
Щ˵ĻСֿɾͲˣһֳֻǰһָʵղţ˭˵ģ
˵ġܰô
˵ǸԴߣǿ֮еģСˣмֵġ
ι˼ԺеκζԵˡ
Сֺ˵Ƚϴúܶ˶ˡ
һ㶣ӣ浱ǸɫˣȻѵ㿪Ĳɡ
ӣ
ҪһӣףǰĻô򣬶˵ʲôģֻҪ̫ǾǷ˰ǵĹأҲ̶ҡ
ʱͬգҲСǸ˭µģȻҳ֡
СվԭأһҲ̵Сǰʹ޷ǰһ
ֵܣ֮ǰȿһºŹӿҼҹӵˣ춯ŹӣǾ͵ҼҹӵϳһĶ⣬ǾãҼҹӻŹ𣿡
һ㶣Ȼ֮ǰѾӸ͹֮Ĺϵȴţ͹ӵݣ˻һ
ڿ֮ǰģҴ󴬣Ҳζţǰڣû˸ٶһͷˣ
ž
˶û뵽֮£С־Ȼǰݺ˵ϳһصĶ⣬һȥΧˣĺ
㡭
ž
ڶСֻԼ֣˵Ӳѽѹָ鷳ˡһﶪȥǰҽһĻ͸Ӵȡ
СڻżëˣҲòѽ˭ǳӷµء
ӣƾʲôҽȥΪ˭ѽ
˼ҽһˡ
ˣСַǳ¡˵λ죬ǳлҴӰæ֮гУ֤ǰҲΨһһ¿š²ţеϰ壬Ҷղǡ
ϰ壿
˵еϰôڱС֣ѵϢˣУżģһϵûУֻ֣Ǹɺϰˡ
ϣҲɺѽ˶ʼ֪⾿ôһ¡
С֣ѻ˵ôϰ壿
źŸڿˣڳСΪС֣ǷҲӣɼ֪СֱΪ͹ӵġ
ʣ𣿡
Сװģ첻̫Ŷ治֪ҪȵʲôʱˣΪʱĻᣬһֲԼȥһ˷ˣ
žŭӣ֪֪ڸ˭˵
ϣѾͷ֪֪ڸ˭˵ˣӰȫҵԺκζûǵķˡȻ֮⡣
С֣Щ飬ӦòİɡҪ͹ӳ˵仰
̫ţҸǰɡáˣҸ˶һ¡
ӷѽΪʲôԼءԣСֽŴѵĻǰ˳ӦòܻŹĻѽӷԼҪСҲ뾡һа취ֹġ
˵˵ͷߵСֵߣѾ׼õ첼ʱ
ͼеϷһĽңΪСҵϷĸɫĴ֣Ϊ͡
ҸѾˣҶ˰ɡ
ӵѽν͹ӣ˲Ͱһ֣ôҲ̫װ˵ɡװƵģǳӷ籾ˣӣĸ֣ʼˡ


1412 
ƶ쿴ϵļ֣ɵĴЦźŸƶ˵ųϣϷǼʶˣʲô⣡
ԼļУû˵֮£źŸǹ˳ӷǹأҲй⡣
ڣȫ˵棬ԼӾȻ˱ˣƶ˵ĵģźŸϺûӣ޷ˣ
ߡ
һ˵ڣ֤źŸڵգ˫۾ĿС֣Ѿ¶ɱ⣡
ԼӶɱѹСɰųӷȥԸˣźŸˣͲκε飬ֻҪǶ飬ԼףҲնɱ
źŸתˣС˵λнոտţⳡ棬ȻֹôСΪ˶֪ҵУڣһŷһַǳصСħޣЩСħޣе飬˵ĶС
ˣӣװĻôôĶִȫϹˣʣڣ˭֪пŵ顣
ܶ˶̫ףС⻰е⣬ҲҶִϣȻ䷴Ӧ˹
ӣʲô
źŸһ·ѾµСֽľٶǰҪȥֹȴȱ˸ֹסˡ
ż壬Ϊ֮
ˣڲҪκ˷Լ壬ֽǱĴ塣
С赲𣿡
żҪˣҪҵĻǵģҼҹӡ֮ǰҼҹѾԸˣʲôˣǿһһеҵľٶҼҹӣɱ档
вǿǸҲὫɱ˵ĲǱˣǳҶ
ü͹οһִϣģܵңκֹ㣬ˣ֮⣬Ҳûֹ㡣
źŸֹͣɲûóӷҵ쭵ĻᣬԼһʱ嶯óӷԼ巢쭡
СȴΩ²ңָźŸʹϲĻ쵰ȻӵĵϵңӳѾġ
СҲ֪ʲôطһשͷźŸͶ˹ȥ
һĻڳκ˶ûӦϾźŸСֵ̣СִСµźŸҪôܻҶźŸֵġ
ʵܹʵСеשͷ˵棬źŸ˹ȥ
źŸһǿɢСҹשͷ˷飬һʥ۷徳ǿߣᱻСͨ˶שͷҵҵˣǿҪЦˡ

˵ƶǾ仰źŸס˵ĻСֵשͷźŸ޿ˣǰͨ£ֱ֣ӾסСֵĲӣ⼸ٽӣ̧
Сֵ뿪˵棬ɫʱΪһƬף޷˫ָ˫ţڲͣĶѾʼˣһ仰Ҳ˵ƴģýȥźŸȴ𲻵κεá
Ҫ£
ҶҲ벻ƽСĽźŸȻ˵Ĵʧִ磬Ҫɱһӣǲʲô飬ô˵ҲżˣСֵǿשͷѾˡڵǣСֻż𣿲ˣ˶ĺСѾˣǳӷˣȻⲻǵ˵棬Ҫӷλ͹Ϊˡ
ųϣס֡
ҶҪȥֹͬʱڣƵ
ǻ˳ֻվſڣһٶͲںСֵ
żùҡ
ǲɵЦӣпţһ˶֪ҩ飬ǣż壬Ҫùˣ£ȴǳӷģҲģСԸĽ顣
źŸǳ֣΢ƽСַſСֵ˵ϣڵĴͣĳǱȥ
㣬̫ţѽ£Ҫùˣ
źŸСֵĻǲŭЦӣ֪Լмˣ
ҩûеģˣǵ˵ģӷ粻ˣǰǵִϣǹ׶㣬ͺȥֹˡ
ӣ飬£ùܡ
쵰ٳ㣬Ӿͱˡ
ҵģû³⡣

̫ţٸһˡڵӣɲˣ͹ԹԵĻȥţҸ˰ɡ
СߵԱߣһźڲƿͼڣȫһֻֻСӵĺɫħޡ
˶֪У˼ǰǣǣ½
Ӵ򿪣еķСħޣȫշȥ
ˣϢ֮ڣᴫ½


1413 Ϣ½
⣬¥Ķǹصڴ˵أֻҪκζ̴ؾ¥ͬʱҲΪ˲λǿߣΪӷݵǿڰֵģԾ¥¥²⣬ǿߣпܾڰڣ򣬲ôɣԼ¥Ҫɱξʱ֣
Ϊʲôɳôȸޣ
ص̧ͷգֻкɫķСħޣӰڷɳ
ȸרϢõģѵڣʲô²ɡץֻ
صһᣬֻһСС΢գֻȸޣÿһֻȸ޵Ľϣһ
صǹһ˵飬ʮѿȻš
ôܣҩ
Уѵ塣
صã»᲻ģ
Բܡ½ϵҩʦ٣Ǿ¥Ҳѣڣҩʦ˵Ҫ³壬һҩдᡣǹ㿴дģΪҩ֮⣬ʲôϴҩ̥ͨǣӵԴߵʣǾԲܵ£Ǵ½ϵЩ߼ҩʦҲƳ˵ҩѽ
ǼٵģųϢΪʲôҪôȻϢǴӰǷųģϷͿԶԣǰǵˣ͵ڽϢ½ˣʱǼ٣½ϸˣۼǵģľ壬ܻ֡
Ϸ򿴣Ƚ֪ͨ¥ɡҲϢǼ٣һģҩʦƳЩҩĻЩҩȫ½֮ʱɲܱˣξټ塣
ξټ巽ɷģǵ˴ϢΪѾξټĹϵ壬ξټҪΪμ֮ºǲξټǱڲ鶼û㶨ʱܳҩ
ɾûξټĽϣǣҲġ
ţǾȽϢȥɣ¥ô˵
İǣиǲͬλڼ֮أİλȵشȣȴֺڰ͵ȣУڵǿƵĵط
İһһɻɫʯĹϴڣڳıϣУһŸոյСֽ
ʦãڸʲô
СֽԱһСֽϵݣͲŵӡ
İǵͷִϣҲǵʦӢ˵ٳϡ棬ȫšֽ˵ǵǼУУɼɰǵġ嵱񽣣½Ϲϵĳǿߣûиʲôöļ̳֮⣬ˣͲ֪
ǵģΪʲôҪЩóԼʹãóǮ˰ɡ
ǸǣϴΧʱչֳʵ⼸ֽӵɿϢǵĵܵܣͣҲһСӵĽɫУϣд͵֣Ȼ֪ϢǼ٣ڴʲôע⣬ϢһѾ½ξټ֮⣬һ³壬ۼǵģ¥ҲԲ⡣û˻Ź⼸ܵĻʱİǲȥǲԵǵĵ̫Сˡ
һ£˵ȥǻ᲻ǽȥϴε顭
ٳģȻ彫ϢǶҪ˶ȥģڰǵ˵˵ҶҪݣҲҪͣƼһİǣξټ壬һľơ⣬ٳҲҪˣǴڰǣҶΪ·ţ⾪Ϣʱ򴫳˵ҶһݵһϷ
ϷһϷĻǾ;һϷǵ˲ưոݣһʱڰǶܶˣҲǿ֮ġ
ٳҩϢǼ٣ȥǣֻͷ
š֪ͨſ񣬽׼һ£³壬һͬǰǡ
ǣٳ
۶ǣҡ
ڵ۶ǵĴ֮һȴΪ׵ģΪ׵ļ壬Ȼ塣
ڵ۶ǣ䲻ǵһ壬ҰģͺñȰǵƼ壬ں飬֮ϳλãֻΪ۶ǵĳ磬ʵ֮ϣҲŲġ
ɣȴǵ۶ͨٷȥǵģֻԼΪڵ۶ǵ壬֪£λصĳΪ˲óԼļ֣֮ǰѾ㱨ˡ
ȺҵμҲɵүү
λ˰ߣΪ棬Ȼö˵ʲôûʥ۷ʵҲڵ۶վȽţӲΪִ֮һ
ɶմϢҶϢʲô𣿡
ȺʮҵĺĳԱʵ
ףϢǱߣҲѾյˣңͨǷɳȸյģѾʲôˡ
ѽ½Ѿ֪Ϣ治֪ڸʲô
Ǹʲôһ˰ǣһҪȥġϴΣȥİǣȴһջûУı¥׷ɱǲ˵ˣϹҲһȥǡȻǱ˰ǣǱһ壬˵Ǽĺ¡
׵˼ǣҪȥ˰ǣ
ҩɴСǼ٣ΣϷҪȥˡ
ǸףǼֵܸһȥɣҲѾܶûɶˡ
˵˽ˮɵĸףӣȴڼǰˣɵڣ֪ҵҲǱ߳⣬ûϢ֪ͨġ
ڻкܶҪǾͲҪϷһͬȥˣϷȻҲʵݽǵġоǣ֪֮ͨģǴϢģҩϷᾡġ


1414 һ˫
ҹİԵĸİ˶֪һ֮ǰԶģȴû˻ȥ룬ΪʲôڱǰأΪ˶Ϊ٣һе׼ûʱ䵽ҹ䣡
Ǵ½ʱ㷽һģҹҲһеĵˣż˵гԱ֪ÿ˵죬źŸͻϽǿ޵֣κȥţ򣬲ᱻż壬С
źŸĹأż壬Ͳκһ˷ģҲûκһ˷Ϊ˶֪ǷǷ𲻵κεáȻżҵļԼƶһȫµĹأǾͲһˡ
Сæһ죬һѸ鶼ˣóҲˣɵϣϢΪһûڳӷ˵ҲǷǳҪġ
ӣܲżλӣͿıˡ
ӷ类СִһСͬڣûоסʲôˣҲκ˶ԿģΪֻҪͨͬǰǵľصˣžĵط
磬Сܰ£ѵ㻹ǰ棬Ǿ⣬̫ÿգġ
ǲø˵طȻǾ⣬źŸɵ־ص𣡡
ѽѵû˵ԽΣյĵطԽȫ𡣾Ϊص̫ˣŲᱻ˴ŵġǰֻǿ̫Ű͵͵ĴȥڻھʲôλãСܿɾͲ֪ˡ
㲻õģֻҪǵطûȻоĵźŸϢ
ǸѽСܾͲȥˡҲ֪СڻǸͨˣʲôϴҩСܻûõ֣ԣֵطСǽȥġ
ӷƵҩҲǵҩڲ񷶦ûг¯أֻҪ㹻Ĳϣ¯ҲʱԳӷŻӦСֽһУпţҲǳӷ׼ʱӦġ
ţѷ磬Լȥ
ðѷˣȫǵˣΪ³׼أСҲ㵽һ㣬Żڽ쿪ţҽϢȥġ
ӣȻ㵽ⷽϣ治һļթѽƲźŸŪ˯ž
ٷϻ͸ҴǱû˵ĻҲܣȻˡ
ѽСܾɡǼҲˡ
Ҫ飬ǳӷ翴ܻ̫вźŸ˶ˣǽͲһˡ
ӷ绹ǵȵʱ̫ȥץĻݾߣ˸ˣǾԼȥֻҪ֤ʵС˵Ķģٰ˽йǸʱźŸż壬ƿԼˣֻҪƿסżǵľ͹Լڱٿˣ
ӷ˺ֱͬӽ˰⡣
صʿǳ࣬ÿʮףһʮʿѭ߶ţϾһΪҪģڴ̵ʱҲǱδУʲô磬һ
Сֿųӷ⣬ںͬһԣֱӾӺǳҲ̫̾ţ㲻ܹѽҪֵĻ͹Լɣһ죬Ѿ˺öˣ
ţСֵ̧ͷҹգ·ҹУʲôϧĶƵġ
ףȻûãӦ飬һ˽죬ż壬ҲŮˣȻֶҲ㱰ɣҲ֪ҵ̣ɳɴߣֹ̫ܵ飬Ļż壬е̨һ죡
СֻŸ䣬ͬһ
֪ǣԭΪԼ
øϵҲӳӷķԸͬкһӵϢŻϹȥ
СֿųԼ߹ãԾҲţЦû취ѽ˭ҵӦҸأȻӦ˵飬ǾһҪġ
ӣڿ㣬ͦġԭЩ꣬һֱװɵ㶣Ϊģǵȴʱһٽżɣ
˭˵أǿɲܹ⿴װɵһ棬ҲӦ룬ЩĶʲôӣȫ˶֪顣踺ôѽ죬ڿҸǰԸˡ
Ķ˵ǽô
˵ʵһɲ˳˶֮⣬ͻΣôһ壬ҹɱҵˡ
ʵԵʱżһУȫתȥĶ˵
ôܡżЩˣûһŵģתˣ鷳𡣡

һЦ˵Сãӣɱ㾫ˣ뵽飬뵽ˡȻЩ£ֺγû뵽أ
С˵ʱôŰɣǲȥһżģ˽żתȥҸϲ
žô
ɱ˾ǣɱģԵĻǣæɣ
˵ԣôлң
Ҷǳ˵ˣбҪֵô𣡡
һ¹һ£㲻ܸҵôĻž鷳Լȥɱ
ãݡҿɣż廹Щ֮鼮ģЩҲϣʱȫˡ
һΪ
ѵС鲻ɣ
Ǿȴӵɣˡ
ܣȥʲôطӿûǵתѽ
磬ⲻΪż弸𡣷һ٣һ٣ӶѾźˡžҪźŸż֮ǰ⣬ǹӽġ
С¿ɷǳˣֱӾָǴ쵰˵ˣǰɡ
˵ˣˣɣν
ֱȥż塣
Сֺǲˬ׼ûУ
Ķһ鲼˹˵׼ˡǣΪʲôҪôһѽ
֣֮⣬ͷѽתסźŸİѱסż壬Ҳֻżѡ
ף
Ҳ˵ҪƵģż壬ǵľ£ɲһżλӿԾģҪǱߣҶ⼸ִͬʱͷСźŸûзʲô£ְϳֵʲôĻǾãЩִϵλãҪϳһ𣿡
˵ͷ˵ˣһ˫ڿסżͬʱźŸִ֮λҲ
ȻˣǾ׼ðɣҸǱһ£϶֡
治Ҫ˭ˣߣӣȥ׼ˡ
ι˵·ˣȥѶúãȹץڴźŸӦߣҲҪΪǿźŸһ·ûС


1415 ץڴ
ΪСʮֿ⣬ַΪ㣬ŵݣսˣɼݷ׼൱ġ
ȻϾĵλò̫ã̫ʺֲĵױȽ٣ħ޵Ķġ
ÿ꣬ǶɳˣȥĵطݣôˣǲܶٶٶģҲҪ׷¶ǣ㣬Ҳһ
νľص㣬ĵط֮⣬ݵĴ֮أֵطΪׯϵģһ˿һ֣ԻӰģŮ֮ĹϵΪɻһ
УûκһʿھӪҸŮϵҪҸ㣬ҲҪ뿪Ӫ֮⡣
ǣص֮УСһݴĵڶ㣬һԹŮһʱĴϣеĴԼʮӣǳ಻˵㣬ֱǵеСŮģ;ͱȽϴˣһͷİ׷˵ƣȫһ˿ңαȽϺ֮⣬ϵƤˡ
˰ʮ̫ţһʮˣڴϹȥʵ˶ѽ

Ļ쵰
̫һŵȥɫ࣬˵ϣҲãҲã
û˵㡣ķȫ˵ǰţΪͿԼʲô
̫ţȻźŸɣϲģˣȻ飬˵ɣûʲôxingˣȻֶĵǱ̬еı̬ˣӦöϵձȥձһķչǰ;ģ
ϣ鲻𣿡
źŸһֿУһ˵һѣһ־ûˣ뿴Ŷá
õ㾢ʱ
ϲģȻһͨӦöϣЩؤǲŽˬ
˵ʵڵģźŸܾͣڵձһ˿רЩֵǮĵġ
˿̣䴢źŸû˿ʱһˡ
ӷҵźŸ֮СֹȻûк˵źŸ͵飬ʮֶģǳ̬͵顣
ӷ綼мȥһĻΧһ䣬źŸ˵Ļ
ϣ𣿡
˵ǰţźŸڵĴ˵ǰˣŬ
仰ӷ£ӣôôһѽ֪ط࣬Ӧİ취ˣ
ϣˣ죬ҽ̫ˡ
ǾͿ㣬졭

ӷʵܲסˣ췴θ³ˣźŸɲ֪ӷ˽
žž
ͻȻƵźŸȻ󾪣ӷں˵żⳡϷĳɵӰĻӾãӦáû˻ῴ
û·źŸһתȻӷ
ͣ㡭
ӷһ̾תȥ˵Ȱ·ϰɣΪԼĺܺǰɣҲˣ
źŸ̴·һŽ߿˵ȴܵߡ
ǣǣϡ
˴ӴµһܵܵˣźŸųӷ磬˵ͣ㲻ˡ
̫ţҲһԼķɱӣῪЦѽ
ߣΪеΪΪ۸֮£κ֪ġ
ǿɾͲ˼ˣ뽫֪µ˶ɱ⣬ǱӹƣҪˡ
ʲô˼
ӽʧߣͳתתû뵽һȺҪӳһСģתˡż²£棬ЩʲôˣˣֱӸɣС֣áȻĻھͿԽȫǵ˶йȫ˸żۿǸż壬ǸʲôС
ͣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
ӹ֣ż壬֪ƾʲô˵ӡЩ飬һҪСĵģҲкܶɻ䣬ҪҪӣҪƷˣܵġ


1416 
źŸ˫ϵݺݵĵųӷ磬ʵϵӷһ׷ŹԼᴦҶԼԼż巢쭵Ľڵģֻû뵽Լܵ飬Ȼӷˡ
֮ǰż壬źŸ䴦Ϸ磬Ҳֻǳӷûκ׼²ŻԿġһβͬˣȻ׼ѾҪôԸż壬źŸǸӸܣĳӷоԵİգźŸԲˣߡ
ż֮λǰǵִϣǵ֮˵Ҫ֮ˣֻỵ£ûʸΪǵִϡȻϵʵ̼ɱκ˵İͲͬˡ
ϧźŸΪûеﳬǿߵľ磬ȳӷߣɳӷֵʲôףһ۷徳磬ʥ綼ûԴߣȴˣһ϶쾳ĳǿߡ
źŸӷ綯Լڵӣһִˣôȥ˶֪ȺúãֽôȥˣԼˣż壬ҲҪŵù
ΪȱסԼżźŸ˿̲ò
͹ӣʲôҪֱ˵ɣܰ쵽ģһ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ôԣǺˬѽӿɲ̫ϲˣΪѵĻǸͲҪӦκ顣ֻ߳ţӾͲұ֤ᷢʲôˣ
㻹ϲˣ⻰˵ģƵġ
źŸȻĳӷ绰֮⣬˵͹Ҫż壿
Ȼֱ˵ˣǱҲͲתĨˡ֮ǰǼ£żļ̳ˣС֣Ӿ͵ʲôû
źŸȻ뵽˳ӷĿģɾԼٲԸ⣬˵һֻҪһأóӷ첻˵պеǻԸӷ硣
ãӦ㡣μ֮λС֡͹ӣҲҪӦ֮£ܸκˣЩˣҲܶ˵֡
ż壬ͿʲôˣӻǸ฾𣡲żҵӣӾͲܱ֤ˣԭ˼ܵ飬Ӹ߱ӵġ
źŸһӷ⻰̾ðһŻһӵﴦֱۿҪѪˣȴǿиѹȥˣ㣬źŸƶҪĺá
֪ͲӦ㵽ڡ
źŸѽٺݣĿǰҲʲô
ǾһΪ͹ӣ㿴ǲǿˣ
ô߳ȥһףУһţᱻʿ֣ʱҲͻȻװҲ˳ȥ˻ô¡
źŸ룬֮ǰ̫СӷˣץԼļ飬ȻÿһĻڶ뵽ˣ˵Լ˭Ҳܱ֤᲻ͻ¼
ܵߣ͹ܿԷ˰ɡ
ǾͲˡżҵţ󣬾ͻӴȥʱôͲҪӽ˰ɡ
źŸ˵ʲôǾ뿪Ϊһʿ֣ʲôˡ
˵һϻźŸղǸһӴ½ܵ
ӷźŸܵһֻ¡һֱӽܵڸըˣ
޴ʿʱеʿȫӷڵĴ˹
ʲô£
ܿ׵콱һڳ˳彣Ҳ˳ⴢ෢κ£Ǵ£С¡
ˣڳʲô¡
ϸȥ
ǡ
¡
飬飬顭
еʿڽĴ£Ҫȥ⣬ǻδʱͻȻΧһıը̻𣬶ʱû֪ⱬըôģըȼĻ棬ȴԼٶ˿
ˣˣŻˣ
һǼϸɵġҪҳݡˣϿȥȻʲô⣬ǣңҲ
ˣ쿴ڷŻ𡣡
һץ
¡
飬飬顭
ըϵ𣬻Ʋϵӿ֮ڣһ⣬һ֡
ˣˣ̫ǿˣǸ𡣷ŻܵҲ̫죬ԷӶû
һȺʱʲôùܣȾȻ𣬽пõˮȫϣеĻԼѪȥ𣡡
̻ȥܵеźŸҲĶ
ͣ쵰Ȼһ⡣㣬㵽ʲô
źŸϸһ£˵ãǻ쵰һ뽫ƵͷŻ
źŸѲӣҲֱȥѽģǵһʱϻż壬˷ԼڼңΪ߳£ܿͻȥżԼ㱨ģԼҲҪһʱӦ´һϵеš


1417 ʹ
źŸ뿪֮ܵٶȸϻż塣
һţźŸ͸оԾڣһŨŨѪζңǱ߷ô飬żˣһ㶯ûУʮְеˣ
顭һźŸһţŸ˿ҲܲԼѲֱӾͳ˽ȥ
ɵźŸǰһĻʱˣסˡ
źŸǰżĴԺͨ·ϣȫʬ壬ʮŮ˵ʬ嵹ڵϣΧѪźԵƴɱۼ
ʲô£
źŸվڴԺдһȴ˴
ºǽ飬ǰɴûˣȻģż壬˴¼ôˣʲô˸ɵģԷΪʲôҪΪʲôҪԼż忪
źŸڲĳڿڣŻ˵ĺźŸԶ϶ֻԼż֮ڣû뿪Ҿڿ֮С
żصԼңͲôˡɡ
˵ӿڴźŸϤҲ˵ԷԼʶˡ
ȻԷѾ˵ˣǾ˵ڵԼźŸǽѣһǱߵ飬ԼҪϸϹȥԼȥǱҲͨģϾԼƹĵһ֡
ⷢͬʱԼż壬Ҳ飬ôˣ£ǲ̫ɺˡ
źŸѾ뷨ֲȥ룬ǳӷΪӷҪԸԼżĻ֮ǰͿԽԼȥȫǵ˽йԼ޵ݡɳӷ粢ûҪģסԼżˣȻˣǾͲӦٶԼżѽһѴô£
źŸһͷ֪ᷢʲôԼָôȥԡɼȻԷѾԽԼȥˣԼȥǲԵ̫Сˣðǵִ֮һɲѽ
ҧأźŸѾ⣬ǳӷΪԼҲֻһһεķǳӷΪǲܶԷʲôˣǾ¥ĳǿߣҲҪƴˡ
źŸ˽Ų˿ȴϣڿڣֻˣһˣһŮӣŮӣԼŮžžЮţһѵžĲϣҲȻıסѨžܶҲ˵
źŸӣϵıǳʣһʱ֮䣬˺üֱ仯
ǣ
źŸķŭϨˣȻԼˣǳӷɵġ
żĿѽ֮ǰŮ˸ɱˣû뵽˼ӡ
ǣʲô
ʲôżΪʲô֪ء㲻ѾӦǹӣҪżμ֮λ𡣡
ȷǴӦͣҲɱżôˡϷ˾
żʵڱǸǹӵ˼ǣΪ˳ļ̳ż壬ԣһӾĶ֣
㣬ǲΨһŮǣǡ
ǺãǹҲѾˣ·ߡһһžڶż塣Ҳɱʮ˰ˣż壬˰ɡ
źŸĶ֪˵ʲôˣеǿڶͣ͸ϴεƶһһѪ˳
ãһͣ湻ģ
Ҫϻˣѡɣҿɲܵȵ̫ãȻһͻ䣬޷ǹӽ
ҪɱĻǾɡ
Ŷżԭ㻹֪ʲôѽ֪ǲе̫ˡ˵˭ãΪʲôҪȥǹءʹһ㣬ӦǹӵҪ󣬽ż彻ӣͲᷢôˡ
ϣ̫Сˡû뵽Ϊ˵ãģҲ֮ǣҪ͡
˼ǹȥ·ϣûʱ㡣ȻˣҶǱߣܿͻ˹ˣԼҲ׼סԼ˵ɡŮˡ
Ҫ
ǵ񣬾ɱžģżҵˣղǲĻǸͲᶯǣû취ЩŮˣ̫˵㣬ֲǸʲô˾ӣںɱŮ˵ġ
еĵžĲϣĸȥźŸۿԼŮһʺأһ㷴ûУҲܷģͲһžˣż壬£ˡ
ž˫ۣĿźŸƽźŸǳãʲô¶û뵽ͷźŸȻһҲ
໥ţһĵȥһҪǰţǿûǰ
žǰźŸҲѾ˵صУȴûκεˮеģֻǳ޸ŭ
ڷģֻҪԼϵһ죬ͳҪɱӷ磬гӷµˣڣֻҪԼһȵᣬЩͳͳɱ⣬һ


1418 ѡ
ǱߵĻѾϨ𣬵ʧȴСͻȻıըȼһͬʱըҲɼƻ߼һʹİʧһݣҲ˵ԭսʹݣֻʹһˡ
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͹ˣһͲκ˵⣬ΪϰıҲеĻȫ˻ȥҵĽǽĳλ˵ļգԼһ˴κ˵Ĵ
ڱŽյͬʱѾʮ˹סĵҡ
һǽӵ⣬˽ʲôģ춼Ǽڰķ벽ͬʱʮ˹ȣҲκһ߳Ҫȥɱˡ
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ΪϣûϵżĹϵ
ǰǵʦλľǺѣҲܶ飬ȻǸͨˣҲͨ˵ô
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ϰ壬ǶѾ׼ˡʲôʱ֣
˵ͷ˿һװɳӵ©©Ǽʱõġ
аСʱǵһΪӰˣҲǸԵδܲϴͽӱЩ֮Ϳǽϵıˡ
ϰģȻ͹ӸǻᣬǾһץסġ
һ㣬Ҫסϣÿһˣܱ¶ݣҲܱκ˼ǵӡһˣӵ˼ǡ˶ϰɣҪȹԶ֡
Ϊɱ֣޷Ǿ㣬ǸոʱѾˡ
Ǻáǽҵʱ֮ʼ֣ʮ֮ڣϵǰһˣںһˣֻҪǣȴȡǵûУ
ˡ
ڱ߳ﻮͬʱڣźŸ֮⣬ִϣѾٶȸ˹װڼƶ죬Ҳܲôˣô飬ҪûֹҲǹϵγ֮ѡĹؼʱ̣ҪһУϣõĻᡣ
Ҷ߳˵̫ķϻֱʵźŸأ
ųӦϾ͵ˡ
ˣй
Ҷ䣬ſڣźŸѾ֡
鷳ˣѾˡ
źŸӿƷǳɥ˸ƽֱ֮
źŸǲģΪ֪ôĽԼҲûãʲôһжǳӷһְź˵ģԼû˿أͬץЩħޣű׸ɡ
źŸֲУǳӷǱ߲ܣҶߣҲҪһ
ųϣϷͲϻˡ˵ɣǱߵôˣ
ʧһݡ
Ҳ˵ⳡը𣬵ҰڽսϣҪһ룿
ʧȥһݣһսаһʲô
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سĿǰûҵԭ򡣡
ǵ鷢ʱʲôطżˣʲôط
Ϊ鷢̫ͻȻˣż壬ӦǱ㱨ϵʱһжѾ̫ˡ
㣬ִǸʲôԵġϷڱչ֮ǰ㣬⣬ΪҪľص㣬Բܳκε⣬ҲǴӦϷ򣬾ԼҲµġڣôͣ
źŸ̾˿˵ε飬ԭеһΡ
еôеһûˣѵе𣿡
ԭԶǵִһְ
˻һˣҶƶڶһ㶡
źŸǰûʲôСȴǷǳںȨģôǵְִ֮
ҶŭҲļˣʵƳϣǿ¸ô
ƶ죬ǸûʲôƼ֮ǰ飬żҵɾС׼ˣϾôЩ꣬ҲûΪԼƼҷκ顣ż飬ֱӵ˰ʧһݣҪһµĻƶΪ֮£γ֮λźŸǴǵִ֮λǲ̫˵㡣
˴ǵִ֮λ⣬ôѵɱźŸɣ޲ʧһǿ߸żⷽ
ƶ˵Ϊȶƣóе˵ǵְִ֮Ǳġǣųϵְǳر𣬾Ǳ߷飬֮ҲҪ˹ģųλ˭λӣ
ƶһ룬ԼƼƿоȨݷҲǸͲҪϵĳ̳ˣԼ֮⣬ǣ˭Լ
ҶȻ֪ƶڴʲôע⣬ᣬ˵ӣǱҪ壬ҳһԽų֮λˡ
壿
ѵҶ롭
ųϣԼûпƼ֮ˣ
Ҷ꣬ſ˵ҶƼһˣ㿴Σ
ſڣӷ˽ڳӷģǣǵˡ


1419 Ƽ
ӷ˵ĵûڵκһ˳Ծô˵ҲǽˣڰǣǣѾ֪ǿ
Ҳ˵жۼʶ˳ӷֶΣ٣չֳǿʵ֮˺ܶ࣬һǣһİǣľӣԽֳǿߵϢ½
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ӷƶߣͲηڳκˡ
ʵҶǵһ֪ӷģõĻᣬӷԼŹˣҶҲŹҶҪԸģֹһƼ壬֮⣬⼸ڰǵĸҲǷǳȵģÿһңпܳΪԼպвϣҶǵĺܵͬʱм嶯֣ҪƣðǻһȫµˣһԼܹȫƿصˡ
Ǽִϸ£壬ǰˣչأûӵǰ£ûʸġ
ȷϴμǵĴΪǣȻҪˡڣûʲô飬ܹʲô˵Ҳ͹˰ɣ͹ֶΣҪֹЩҲǵסģˣͲӦ˵ʲôƼ˵ѽѡִϵ飬γμִϲܾģĸУʲôʸƼˡ
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ӣźŸһȥһִϣɾҪˡ
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ͲҪʣӷƼ˭˭ѽڳ˭֪ƼģԼǡ
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źŸסеǳ޸ŭ˵û͹ҪƼʲôˣҲ˵ġ
ƶ쿴źŸڵı̬ȣڳӷηĺܣƶĽвѵż巢ʲô𣬻ӷйأ֮źŸǱӷвסˣǵְִ֮񣬾ͲԸģǱӷƵġ
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1420 ԩ
ӷΪļȻǸٵģϵ飬Ҫġ
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ӣӷͬʱҪһģԼ֮ǰһУ͵ڰӷˡ
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ǧﳤ˵Ϸ飡
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ġ¡ȥһ飬֮ôžôţ£Ӳˡ
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ٸϷװ⡣ЩϷ壬㣬ǲѽڣȻµӽңƲˡ
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ĳӷ磬첻ѻ˵Ҹûꡣ
ǲͣԽͣԽΣҪȥҳӷ磬ѻ


1421 ¥Ů
ʮ˵ӰڰǵĲͬλòͣĴţĲҽЩѾ˯ǣȫоѡ
ڣ޲ģʮңż࣬ȫŮˣǱߵıըһһݣǵˣͬٴа㣬ͨˣԴߣʱ˯ŵĻƾֳ߲ѵˡ
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ǣӡ
ʮ˹ϢȥӷҲĳΪܼĵطȥҪЩˣһô顣
ӷߵȺ˵ʮ֮⣬ͻȻҹУǾſǵһţΪɫǿţɢ˱ƽҪǿ⣬ӵǿ󣬶ңǿɫ֮ǣҲڿʼƶλá
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ŶҲ˵ػߣĳˣ
û
Ů˵һ˫ɫ˫ۣ˰ڡ
ˣˣ½ҪĸӵľˣصĴ½֮ܣҲλ֮ʵĵˣ


1422 Ŵ֮
ֻʣ³ӷһˣ˵ǲ٣ҶҲѾϵȴȫǵؾָ棬˭Ҳ
ھ¥ˣĿǰûнǣǺڵȴʲôƵģ¥ھҲûֻǸŮһ𣬹עŰǵ

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Сҵ·
ӷҪƿСèֻСèԣܳӷƵʲôط͵ʲôط
ʲôҽ𣿡

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ӷεҡҡͷֻܽСèһ뷿䡣
·ǺԶҲͼľˣСèȴƴţǷʲôĶƵģҽȥͬʱҲóӷȥ
ӷڱСè󣬽еעȫ˷ڣͲСèıһһĿ䡣
ӷԼſڣҪƿʱȴϣһǿӷʮס
ӷȫֵסƵԼеСèѾ˵ϣСèȴûܣ෴ӷվͬһλãеҪӷ粢սӣ
ӷתͷһСèֿһԼķ䣬˵û뵽ĹȻӵǿ벻ǣҲսģҵֵܣһֻ

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һŵŵȴǶ˵ģֻǶһֻ
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ӷһתٵĶĹⲻٶȻȳӷ˺ܶ࣬ӷһɹڶûôˡ
ۿҪгӷ磬ȴʱһҲͲӷָӣСèֱһ˳ӷǰӷ˫ۣ̼ڶʱʧȥֱûз֣˿̵СèȻȫɢ׹⣬˫ɢ⣬ʱ䣬Сèڣðһɫ壬СèϷȻγһΣɲȳӷӦ۵⣬СèϷγɵΧٵתɢȥСèҲ嵽ԱߵĽ䣬֪ǻ˹ȥˡ
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ķܴ򿪣װĺϣ̵ͼΣӷǼǵĺġ
ڣڵĶ巨ϵͼΣȻһģһһɫԼ׳ȴǴеˣ㳤ȵĻףȱ۵ĵ񽣣Ҫ˵ǷǱıһˣòˣ̫ˣҲһѽ
ڳӷ翴֮ҹ֮⣬ٵſ壬Χסˡ
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˽֪ػ߿½֮𶯡ȴ֪仰棬һ仰ŴػǰþŴߣܳư½ܽ⿪һڴ½֮ʼĴܡ
ŮȻͬĿģ֪½֮ʼܣǻϻôʲôһˡ
ھ˰ǣŮȥȥ


1423 Σ
ӷɫһһ˰㣬һԲһǿߣɢԿ볬ǿ֮С
˵ǰ񽣣Ҳֻ϶ľ磬ķӦӵŶѽǳѾԽ϶쾳ĳǿߣеķҲûѽڳӷǰȴǿóӷоһΣС
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˵񽣵ģΪʲôΪ֮ǵʱҲ˵ĺⷨġ
˵񽣵ģǾֻһͣ񽣵ȷǵõǣõ֮󣬾Լ޷ȥʹãŻὫŽһ֪ʲôһܽķӡûڻԵɺ֮£⿪ӡʹ
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ڳӷ񷶦񷶦֮ڣһΪ˷ֹ˷֣һǿķԼһ񣬱ˣֻҪ񷶦Ͳᱻκ˷ˣͬʱӷҲڲ񷶦ڣԺԪ񣬿ܲܽѹ
ͷǸССĽ𶦸һһӳӷüĴӷ͸о棬ʮǿֱӾͻ⣬ֱԼҲ˵ӵд˵֮ˣҪͻǲߣǿҵ⣬壬׾֮¡
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һãѵӷݣ¥֪ˣĻǳӷҪԼ壬ǣһ˿ɻ


1424 ħ֮׾

ͻȻһЦЦǶǴѩɽΧбѿĺۼĻѩȫɽȥγһССѩ
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½İΣڱ޹ءֻ֪ڣһˣ˭Ҳ˭Ҵ⣬ǸΪУһҲ⣬ɱ¾һء
ھ̾˿Ի˵ŮҲˣڿӲҪ뱾Ϊеġ㿴̸̸Ҫ֣
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1425 ʥһƷ
񷶦ڣŴԪ֮ɱţ
ӷʱûЩװǿԴĹ򣬽¯ڵܻ棬ڲͣȼš
֮ǰƵĵҩڻδ¯óӷơ
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飬飬顣
ӷʮѨǿ֮Դƣ˵һߣϵʮѨˣǾͻṦʧһˣӷͬʮѨλǿ֮Դƺûм٣ٵٶȣǰδеġ
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ȦƶͬʱѪҲѾλӷںΪһ壬ǰӵļ̡
ѪڵСѪ򣬸ӷ֮ԴһڿٵӣٵıѪҲѪӸ󣬱ǰҪ׳һ
ӷСǸ㣬ʱпܻᱬըƶĹȦҲʱڳӷмλãֹͣ
С棬ûõӷ³֣ͣȴһ㶯ûУԺڵѾԼķ䣬˯ţӷ绹ĸо͵
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ৡ
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ŴԪͬʱɢǿҵĺڹ⣬µʯҲ˫ۣÿһʯ˫ۣѾ˺ɫǰǰ㣬ΪͬɫˣȫΪɫ
ھŴԪеӰһͬʱƶ˳µĺҲʼ˹ڲ񷶦֮ڣϵš
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Դˣ񷶦ڵ޸ŴԪҲı䣬֮ǰһԪܶˣζʲôζţӷͬʱʹԪ
еһܽӷڵѵԼΪһˡ
ʥ硣
ӷֱӾסҲǸӷΪһƵģӷоԼڵ֮ǰǿ
ʥ磬ʥ磬ʥһƷľ硣
Ҫǿݺλڲ֮أףǻǲеģԼҲη塣
ô죬ʥ磬ȥЩǿ߰ɣҲûɹǰ𾳽Ҳ飬쵽ʥ磬ѵӻС˲ɡ
֮ѡҲʲôطʲôܣ죬ǾͲսɡԪΣϢһ¡Ѫλʿ֣ƿ֮֮ǿ޵С


1426 ƴͷ
¥ѵǾһֱȥʵڲףǾ¥ڳǿ߾ۼǣѵһ׾òɡֱɱȥ¸𽫰׾ɡ
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飬ھѾþһзűסԼ¥Լ¥ˣһ׾ãԼ¥ڴ½ϳԶ
飬ǲҪ֪̫ࡣڣȻ׾ðҪ壬ҪǣǾͲ
ھԻ˵Ůҽ˵Ŀһģ׾õĹϵҲõġȰȰɣҲϣ˫ٷκεĳͻɡ
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ʵڲװ׾ΪʲôҪһ壬ڣʲôˣֵħ֮ȥġ
Ȼô֣ҲͲ˵ʲôˡھô㿴Űɣ׾ҪӲĻվߡ
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ȻġֻҪɱػߣǴ˵е֮ѣȥɣ
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ħһ䣡
׹èҲӣھҷֿͬʱһһ˹èϺһ˹è֮ǰ

׾ãС
ĺھһ֣ǿѹ壬ͳܲסǿѹ¡һⶰ·ӣֱӾ͵һ룬ˣҲȫѹڵء

׹è壬ھһƸֵ漴׹è壬ٷ仯èΣ仯ΪһֻѩɫĺΡ
꣬һֻѩɫĺ꣬ȴѾǹˣʵ塣
׺ʮ־޴󣬷Ըס塣
ħڶ䡣ھҪˣ
УѾڶˣ޷֡ģǽģǱ
ھ飬һɣξ塭ħű䡣

ŵӰڰ׺֣ھͬʱ˿ٴηۿȥʱͽڰ׺󣬳˾β͡
β
ãķħű䣬ԻС𣿡
Ҫܣǡ
Ϊһˣֵ𣿡
ΪģֻеǵΪģֻеƬ
ʲô
׾⻰´һѣʵѵѾҵˣ
ϻ
ھͣ֡
Ůһдһͣ㵽ǰһߵģ
֮ǰ㡣ڣò
㡭
ôھղűһԶڣԶһ
֣ѵǲɣ
ౡ
ҹУǻڰ֮ϣγһꡣ
ôɰɣĳˣ
飬ӦûǰɡŴʶ½
˵˺ݺأ٣֮ŭãҪôɵ仰ģǰ࣡
ܲôֻ࣬ıˣħޣһĴʣܹˣԣ˭Ҫɱֹ仯Ϊ࣬ĻƴҲͷ


1427 ˣ
׾ãȻôˣǱεȥ
ھжʱһͭһ⣬ֱ˰׾õϡ
ξ
׾ñţǾβһʧ漴壬ʼ仯Ӿ޴ĺΣıΪΣεĴСҲھлһ
˿̣Ҷˣһλǵľˣ
εİ׾һɫ˿£ԵıȽ͸һͷĺڷУ˿˿һװңΨԳΣŵĹҶüëܶŮͬģƤ׾覣Ӥ㣬ϴ΢죬ûдЬӣҽϵһɫȦȦȦȦСֻҪССĶͻᷢ
׾úô˵ǰֳеħ֮һޱȵļһ˻˵ϰΪˣ°ΪߣΪ񶾵ֹ˵ħ֮һͷޣ仯ΪκǸӵŮֵˣȴϣԭħ֮֮ĴŮڼ׾ʱɵͷ
̫ˣŮˣµһŮû뵽ħ޵ĻȻУȻûκһŮˣ֮
Ϊ׾ϵİ˿±Ƚ͸Ҳ˿ȴܿλҪĲλһ㶼͸Ĳָŵġ
ž¥ˣ¥Ҳڰ׾õıϣһֻ꣬һֻɫľββĽ̤Ż棬ʱأƵġ
⣬ħ֮
ǹһȫɵۣνӢѹŮأ¥ЩǿǲӢۣû˸ȥԣӢۻͨˣʣмԹŮһصģ
ھ飬Ѿǵһμ׾õˣԶòҲԾ
׾ãǾƲԳԷѽǾͱֱˡ

׾ѾĴԺ֮Уھ飬ͬʱĶǽǽ֮ϡ
ھϼһбµĻͷٸ˵Щûõķϻ
𣬽˰׾õߣλŮû׾ǣգҲǴŮ֮еİɡ
Ůվһ½ǿߵΧкܶǿ߶ֵġ
ھǸûò֮ˣɲֻҪǵǰģͳͳҪ
ŮӣǸվͬһսˡ
ھ֮ǰҿ԰ƷڲͬˣҲ֪ܶ飬ܾġȻԼˣΪ֮һҪģΪ֮УҲҵһϯ֮λ
ڤ粻Ůˣɲô࣬ˣһҪɱһҪᡣ

ৡ
ھŸ䣬ͻأڣ֪ʲôطһЦЦǺܶ࣬ˣܳܵסЦĿ⣬ȴʮֺġ
ôĿʲôһҪɱʣɱ˭ɱ˭
һα֮ǰͬǣڵĹдѪ⣬⻹ڽıѪǡ
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෴ģ׾öָоϤˣǰɱˣѪԼƶѾǲˡ
ৡһ𣬾þòɢھ⵶˫΢΢ʹĻͨıܷģ
ѵ
ھ˫ͬʱһתֻһӰ˰׾ǰӰٵʾһʮɣһʵĴ磬ǵ˺ܲͬУһѾ޴ɢǿҵ⡣
˫۴ûȥɣһʱ䣬ע⵽е˵֮ѣ
ھҲǴ󾪲ԣʵηС㲻
Ҳ㻹ûǸ°ɡ
ǹʵСӣͣ
ǡ
ͣѵСӾǡ
Ǵػߣ
ʲôСصģӿֻ֪壬ʲôȻܵӵĵ£һĲͷˡ
ӷе΢һӣֻһɫĵ⣬Ƕǹ˹ȥ
Сġ
顭
һֱӾͽһǽڸöǹļʱȻⳬǿߣɾҪɥ֮֮ˡ
һӵǿ֮ѽ
ˣӽҲˣĸЩһȥȫӹɡ
һͣǴػߣҲδ̫˰ɡ
ߺߣӣʶһ±ˡ
˵ôϻ֣϶ľ磬֣֮Ҳδصֵס
϶죿
յȥģôŰɣһһĳǿߣҪ涯ƳӷʲôƶҪˣ
ֻǲ֪Լҵƿȭܷһ϶쾳ĳǿ߻ˡ
£˭ڸԼ˵
е㡭
ӷȻת֮ˣ˫ۣʱֱģ˲ӿٶȡ
ɣ
ǰŮӣóӷĻŲԣôܣӵѽŮӣӷӦ˵ǳӷʶģһ죬飬Įǡ
Źùã

׾ñӷһƺеĪˣʲôùã
ӷеһ˵ϣ˫ץס˰׾õļ򣬼ŹùãôҲˣǲүүҵģ
׾õǰ͸죬ڱӷһƺץסԼļİ׾Űֽţ֪Ǻá
ھҲʼͿˣⶼʲôʲôѽСǲǷˣ׾ÿħޣôܻʲôùã
㣬˭ùã
ѽŹùãˣǲһصģϽģж߶죬һȥˣҪǺÿ
㣬ǲϴˣ
Źùã㡭ԣΪʲôǰ߳ô࣡
ӷ緢е㲻ԾǰŮӣòԼľŹùóһģһģԼĸоȴȻͬ棬Ҳ֪߳˶ٱ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ħ֮׾ãĹùá
ʲôħ֮ϴθİһħ֮
ûǱ
⣬ⲻܡ
ӷ˫ˣѽôܣħ֮ôܸԼľŹùóһҲ̫˼˵ɡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҾŹùóһ


1428 ֮
˵һǳӷԼͳģô׾ãӷǴδҲӲʶѽ
òϵÿһλССϸڲλһС־ΣһȫҲ˿Ĳ˵ǰŮӲǳĻӷԼš
˫ֽץס׾õļ򣬳ӷȻˣԼ۾ѵһУεĻǾͿԼѹɣԼΪûеʥ磬֮ҲûڹֻҪǰ֮ԼľŹùãǾ㹻ˡ
ʵʵκôȥŬ޷ȥıԭʵ
׾ʱҲѾ֪˵ʲôˣӷİ˸һ֣ΪԼĹùãǲ̫Ц˵㡣
ھѾӦ˹˭Ҳûȥںӷ磬һʱģǴӳӷڵص֮ѡ
ˣֶȡ
ǣ¥
麰ãڷʲô㶣Ͻ֮ѣȻġ
׾˫һתϵ֮Ѻ¡һٴηӳ漴뿪˵棬ϷתȦȻֱӳӷ˹ȥ
׾ӷǰһҪֵס֮ѣͲ̫ܣΪҲ϶ľ磬̫֮أҲ̫ǿ󣬻绨˵ϵ˴½ʼһܣԣǵ죬۷壬ƶǵֵס֮ѵġ
׾û˿η壬ڵڳӷǰʱߺһ֮
Ű׾һߺ漣ģȻֹͣ
ھ¥֮ڸҪֶȡ֮ѣû뵽ᷢ顣
׾ýǺһ֮ǵõ㣬һҲٶˡ
ھ׷ˣھǰǵò֮ѵġ
ܣΪʲô
Ϊ
Ҫʲô׾һߺ֮ѣλ
ৡ
ڰ׾ǰ֮ѣͻȻӴСĿԷ֮У˵˰׾õ֮С
еô׾õ˳ӷΪ𣬰˵ӦóŶѽ
һĻھʼͿˡ
׾ߵӷǰ֣˵ģպˡ
֮ѻǹɵģӰ׾õУɵ˳ӷУڵĳӷ磬
ʲôǰ¥гǿȫˣ㲻Ļô
㣬㵽˭
ħ֮ҲǴ½ħ֮Խб׾á
㣬ΪʲôҾŹùóһģһ
СǲвѽôǿУпȥġЩˣɶҪɱġ
ɱң
ӷŷӦһͰԼԼĳҲδ̫˵ɡ
ӽ첻̫á¥ǰɡһȭ㶨ǡ
ӷڵѪҺʼڣѪеʱ˳ȫǿҵѪΧסˡ
ǿ
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ӷһֳȭȭͷ֮ϣѪ󣬽׾øʮ
ɣЩһʶһ£Ե
磿СӣȻǴһġˣ֣ɱػߡ
Ȼ֪ǴػߣЩһô
ӷƿȭ뷢ӳһ룬ػһôĴڣԼˣպ鷳
УػߣԼҪǱˡ
ڣѪѾ˳ԳԵģѾųڣյĻء
ڲص嵽ھǰ˵¥СӲǴػߡϴμĺǿߣ
Ŷѵػ߲ɣ
ǸǿߵСӳ䲻ͬСڷӳҲǺǿ֮ϣ¥ӦøоĵСӸʥһƷľ磬Լ޷ȥܣôܻǴػߡ
Щǿ߹Ȼͬ죬ӷܲסȭǾȻܿĳ
ʵ򲻵ѣӷ粻ɵȥʹƿȭȼԼķ棬ʹƿȭʲôʲôԴǿԽЩһ˵ģǸڲ񷶦õԴͻûļѧѧˣЩǿߣҲ𲻵κεá
¡
׾һֻס˳ӷ磬һ֮׾ûһ𣬷·ǿסƵģԳǿߵʵӲס׾Ѿιȥˡ
ӷѪѾ˳գͲԼܾˡ
¡
ӷһ䣬ȻǾŹùãëѽ
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ӵϳܵסٲˣһȭͬһ𡣡
ͣˡҪɱ֪˭˵
ħ֮ô
ֹˣδӡ
ۡ
ӷҪѪСڿʲôЦ
ҵӣڵòãǴ½ҪһҲȥֻħѽ
вɡ
㲻ţܶ֡պҪڡ
ӣӲڡħ֮ôɱһһպ󵲱ӵ·
ȻңұħҪңұɱħ
ͣ㡭
飬õģҡ
㣬Կɡ
ƿȭת˰׾ãȭͷصѹ˹ȥ
׾ñƿȭѹͳܲסȥ
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׹ڰ׾ǰγһ㣬ʹĳӷȭͷ޷ѹ
һ׹ѣҲ뵲ӵƿȭǴ½㼯Ҳֵס
ѽȷҵƿȭܵУǻǴ½ҲǵֵסġǰǣӷѪԺüƿȭʩչӷԼֽô³
׷Ͼˣ½֮ϣ˶ɱΨ㣬ɱˡ
ھ̧ͷҹеİ֮ǣ֮λѾ
˵֮ɣھڰ֮Ѿ֣֮Ѿ֣֮ȥҰ֮ɣӲ֮ѣԼɣ
ھһ£֮ѾԼҪӲǲܵģ֮ҲٴԼΪˡ
֮ɣոȻ֪ʲôطٻϣ
˳ǣѰҰ֮ɡ
ǣ¥
ӷɵȥ׷¥ǲ̫ܵģʡһȭãԼͶ༸졣
ƿȭһգ׹⣬Ҳʱʧ
˵ãԼ飬ҾͲˣڰ֮ѾˣҲ䵽ھ֮֡Լ֤պԵټˡ
гǿ߶ˣһ
Լ˳񷶦ܲʲôɰɡ
Ǿ㵹ùˡƿȭǰ㹻ˡ
֮ѳ֣ӷ罫𣬸Ҫ֣Ŵ򿪣Ҷˣȫ˽
ͣס֣ħ֮Ҷʲô֪ɲԼǴ鷳ħ֮ҲҶħ˺㲻ɡ
Ҷֹ˳ӷ磬Ѿ׾ȥ׾ԭأһڰ׾öͷǰ˰׾һͷѡ
ԣȥɡ
׾ḧһĵȻôĻ৵һС䵽˳ӷС
ոȥģӵѽѾģ˭ˣ
ˮ̼ӷ綯˰׾ãǰ˵ǰ£ҼҹС£ǰҪ֡
ţġ
˫һתǣ׾ʵڰ⣬ǲ㣬Ҫս
һɵˣ֪˵ʲô
ǰ顣
ȽȥɣҲˡ֮⣬ˣȫȥ
Ҷǰǰǵġ
ǹûô
ǣǣˣ


1429 
ڵձȽϹ죬Ϊ˼ҵǣվڿһһ仰˵Ϊˡǰ˰ɣ׾ȴ˼ҵλϣһɫĺ««ɢ̱ǵľƾζһڽһڵĺţ·«ڵľƣԶȲƵģ
Ű׾ͷƣ֪֮ˣͲܶκεĻɣȺܶˣˣͲں˶Ŀʲôʲô
ӷ絽ڣһֱŰ׾ԽԽǳӦ˵ǳӷûмλŹùüΣ־գŲ˭ֻҪһۣԶ޷ǡ
׾úܲģ߰ڷŵһλ˹һٶ£ˣȫһ
ǰǡ
ǰһҪȥֹ׾ã֪һԼ壬군ˡ
Ҫ֪¥ټһŮ׾öûǷһ壬ʲô
񽣡Ǻٶǰˡ
׾ýλŻԭձ˵񽣣ǰ׾õ
ˮ˵ǰ˵ûѾٶˡҲ˵ǰȣ㲻ѣϵҲ񲻴ӡ
ôţȷȷǧѵһţ֮䣬ͿԵ϶쾳硣ҲεʧУ۳ʵٶˣû뵽Ѿû⼸ˣСʵ̫ˡ
ǰѵǡ⼸һԳԽȡǶŬС
仰ð׾ɫʱһ䣬˵Ŭű˵İһЩŬô
ͷһԱߵĳӷ磬˵㣬ûԼȥսλǿߣº˰ɣ˼Ҷˡ
ɳӷڿǵʱԩѽԼʱûѽԼ֪ߵغģΪҵԸһǿ߿ˣԼѪƿȭò񷶦Ҳɵȥһǿ߽оѽǸʲô
ˮ̼׾ðѻ˵ϣ̽£ǼҲǳԾ˳ȥ
ڣֻʣ³ӷ磬ǣˮ̸׾ˡ
ˮ˵ʲô¶ǰûҼҴС㣬ʱ̫嶯ˣðǰǰ˲С˹ǰ壬ҲһĲֵģ٣Ҽҹӡ
ҹӣСӣ壬ɻһ˵ɣСӣʲô֣ʣ
ӷҲȻ׾Ѿ֪ˣҲûá˵ˣԼ֪Ϊʲôħ֮ԼľŹùóһء
ճ
ȫ
ţûճģ
ճôˣ˲ôδ֪߱½Ҳûճˡ
ȷǴ½ȷûһճģϣͲڡ
Ȼ㲻֪ճģΪʲôҾŹùóһ
ɲϰͬһʺüΡ
˼Ҳϰش˵⡣ȻǾʹŰɣǴҾˮˮҲȥ㣬ҲңȻҾơҵ϶ĳǿߡ
ˮ˵ӣղǰĻѾ¥ˡ㲻ǰ˵
ǰЦҲӣһҪСǵǰˡ˵ˣҿɲˣıָߣҲûκιϵ

׾ôЦһ漴˼˵ȻǴһġǴػߣ
㲻ЩˣһػߣбҪѵػߣǣôҪ𣿡
磬кܶ㲻֪֪󣬾ͲˡˣС֮⣬ȫ£е飬Ҫ˵
ǰҵȾˡ
ǱˮȥģԼһ𣬿ɲܵѽ
׾øһӷȥ׾õ壬ȴͻȻһһεģӷǰѾĪĵȥ
ӷ´һʲô
ιôˣװҿɲһסιιѡιȥˣ
׾һ赹ֱӾֳԭΣӷһ㶣յȥģһԭԼǰӳȻֻСè


1430 һδƽһ
ӳѩȻСèȻħ֮Ҳ̫Ϸ绯˵ɣħ֮ˣεġ£˲֪Ϊ׾Ѿˣȴϣӷ罫׾ñԼķ䣬ĿǰҩûƳƳˣҪҪȣһ⡣
ͨˮ֮ڣӷ˽⵽׾ãħžֱ仯֮׾Ǿħ޵Ľ壬ÿһ䣬ǿֱ仯Ϊβʱħ֮ڡ
Сèǰ׾õһħ֮壬βǿħ֮塣
ӷˣԼ⵽ǾֻèǾֻѽ֮ǰ׾һֵ֮¥òǱɣ꾫ھǴ½ѽիѽ
ôȻ鶼ѾˣҲ޷ȥı䣬ߣ׾õһģⲻòóӷһپ֮ģȣŰ׾ضǸԼľŹùԼǰʲô
ǱıҪŵĶ࣬գÿÿ񶼷ǳţ֮ԽţȻΪ³飡
УҲûϢЩҩ飬³ʽţĵһҩ֮⣬һ㶯ûˣȫ˶֪ȻϢѾȥˣҪֹԲܣǰˣҲõеЩҩѽ
Ҷ⼸ûȥϵӷ磬Ⲣʲô
߽ƼͬʱҪֹ壬һǣѾżǱߵȨҲʽźŸˣڴǵִ֮λ󣬾һֱڼŶûг˵żڲҲôˣʽμ֮⣬С֡
ž˼ƵģԴ֮Ҳûгֵ֣ǣżߣȻûκȥ
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ЩǷʲôСС飬Щָʲôйϵˣһˣ۵ģÿһҲ֪ϣͻȻ䱻ɱ͵Ϯ֮£Ҳܸλ͹йأ·ڵͣͳΪеһجΣȥǻĲͷˣȻԹԵԼ£Լ˵£ҪȥܣҲҪȥ˵
壬ǰݷãҲձ⣬¼ϣҳӷġ
ӣ⼸춼Ҳˣһ£Ҫ˵һ¡
ӷڲ񷶦Уŵҩ¯յҩγɹӦû³֮ǰ¯
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ǹԹԵĴţĿǰʲô
鷿ڣӷĵʣžǴ½ϵ֡
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ǹӣǺ˵巢ԵʱǱģһǿأǾе㲻ԾΪǳŮʹǳӦýѽ
Ϊһʱ棬˸Ҵرˣ죬ǰôǵģѵ֪Ϊɱ֣ģᵼǻ˴ǵϳȥˣһ˷ʲôԾҪȱ˶֣ҵһʱͽȫˡ
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Ȼ˶Ѿ˻ȥҾȥɡ
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ҿ˿ɣ֮ǰɲ֪ǵ飬Ȼ֪ˣַôһỵµģԣǳֻܽԼŮʱ벻ǣǰɱֽԼ壬ɱԼˣԣҲʧˡ
ȥңʲôһҪ˸Ϸҵ
˵Լܵģǻõ㣬Ӧò嶯ֱӽǵ߱ˡҵĵǣǱϵɱִߵģ鷳ˡ
Щɱ֣Ȼ͵ˣһ䵽˵˳壬пܻΪڶż塣
ǳɲɵϣ˵ļûһɵϣźŸĻǵִϵλǻʲôѱӷץסˣòӷģ
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ʲôţʲô£
ؼħޣħڽǰǡ
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һδƽһ
ħޣôʱ򣬽ǣ


1431 ħ޽
һ֮ڣȴʮ˹סĵطֵط˳ӷ죬֮⣬κ˶ܽȥߣضû
һ㲵Աطû˿η壬·ѾԼһˣ磬Ҳʧȥģ
ܶ˻ţΪһ¶ѣһҲΨһһ¶ѾҪˣʣϣʲôֵġ
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ӷͨһ϶ڵԣܾѾͷʲô飬£ֲ˵ʮֵ࣬ˬ졣
ӣѾͷձǴʱӣһ仰˵ҲԣȥͲҪǶ֣԰ʮ졣
Դߣûˮû֮£ǿԼʮҵӣѾжʮûгԹûкȹˮˡ
ӷú֣ԼҲԼΣ˵ҲǰԼȻ֮һѾͷԼӡʮֻãʮְΪʲô£ء
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һûˣӣȷԸıһĴ¡ֻ벻С˵ʲô£ӣ
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֪ʲô֪ǣ壬ʲô
ʲô˼
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ӷҲǵĳҲǰ֮ˣмϸǸû̫Ĺϵ֮ԽŪҲֻסǵĴȨˡȻڳӷס˴ȨǸʱļϸ͸ӷйˡڣӷ绹ܱ֤ԼֱӶȡǣǴ֡
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㲻ҪˣģҲ֪֮ӷ磬СĿͲˣҲүүġ
ŶǸС㣬ѵǶԷˣ
û֮ԸЩǽһѡΪϴηŶ֮ʱǿģҲ֪֮ʸû뵽
ȻŵĶ˼ˡʱı֣ûиκ˽ӴûǺɫӣ֪ǿɵģȻ֪Ϊʲô˵أ
ӷһ룬ǣ̫Сˣ
̳֪ɱȫǵˣǲɫǣ治һŮѽ
ˣȻѾ֪ˣȻ֪ô㣬ߵĻʱߣˣġȻߣû뿪ǣӲҪܵȥɡ
ӷ磬ʲô˼
㲻㲻ǿΪң͸һᣬֻҪץסᣬҿԱ֤ܷʲô£壬ġ
Ұ£үүǣ
ܴɸôѡ⣬ҹܲˣҲܡ
˿̣ҵŴ򿪣˽ûõӷ֮ͬ½ңɼһʲôҪӷ㱨
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ʲôħ޽ж٣
ϰֻħޡǷǳйɵĽǰɢɢġ
šȥѾͷͱˣɡ
ǣӣ


1432 
ʱԴԴϣһ»ûƽһ¾ͽŷˣÿһǴ¡Щµķȫڳӷ絽֮󣬿˵ÿһ£ӷйϵǳӷһ߻ġ
˿̣ȫǵʿе쵼˸죬ۼ˳ſڣΧĳǽ֮ϡ
ֻɽ¸ɽ䣬ͷħޣħĿǰ޷ȥ㣬ٱȻ㱨еģҪ˺ü˵ѩɽħ޸Χ
ħȺУĿʮֻħ޵ѣ൱֮ģһߣȫΪɫĴߣȻѩɽ֮ϣѩɽֻ޴ͷѾ쵽ɽİ⣬֤ߵľ޴Ѿ˵
ǰǲûܵħȺĹ˵һǣ⼸Уξټ壬ħȺĹ
ǰħȺû·ҽһȺ˾ŵҰޣ˭˭û˿ĹǣҲûκεļƻ
첻ͬħȺûһʼͶ԰ǽҵĽ෴ֻпΣԴԴϵħޣ˷ڵĴѩɽ߾ۼǣھۼ㣬൱ԵģҪ˿Ļɡ
һ֧ӣҪ㹻Ҫָӵͳ֮£򣬾еˣǲκģοħȺ
ȺҰڵı֣еľӣûзֱģ˵ħȺûһͳߵĻЩħô໥֮ƴɱҲǺģ
Ҷվڳǽ֮ϣɽµȺȺħޣÿһ˶е˼飬ôᷢ飬ЩħޣΪʲôָӣεľۼɽ£ǵĿֻʲôδǵ⣬òԼʲôʱǸ˰ɣ
ѽʱڲҳһţʱȥЩħ޽оû߾ۼѽ
ôħȺ˵ƣǷǲòģ
ҶѾеʿȫȥס˰ÿһؼĹؿκһͷħ޽롣
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ңѾӦ岻һҪģţ˵պ󻹻ô
ǿңԶ֮أǲĻҳգ
ӷָһԶȻĻҳʡ
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׾ãŮˣѾԭΣڳӷķء
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ѽ׾öѾʧˣ½֪ħ嶼ȫף໥֮䲻ͣɱҲΪһͷλã׾ڰǳ֣ϢҲᴫôɣħУһ׾֮ĴħޣѾ쵼ħˣΣǴħ´½ħޣȫۼǡ
ȻЩֻǳӷĲ²ѣʵôģʱû֪
ҶģһеķģҲħ޻ʲôʱĿʲô
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ӣֵܶѾܾûȥݼҸˣպʱ䣬֪ɲԡ
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ͣÿζҪռСˣãϷһΣһΣԺ붼롣
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ӷ˵ȥɣúøɣǰ;ѽ
ȶȨٶȨӷҪһһǿ


1433 ħ
ǵǧ֮⣬һųɶ͵ħޣѩ֮ؿǰС
Ϊ׵ĽŰϣһһŮеĴԼʮӣŮĶʮͷ
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˵ıҲ൱ȭͷͣħ޵ͷȥŭСҲҸӿ㡣õģٶȣӰˡ

ħ޴һǷŭη塣
ħ޶ӿٶȣֱѩԽѩ˾ӵļ
СӰݼ㣬ӰЩСͳͳԡ
һħ޶ٴμӿ죬ڱеĸҪ˺ü
УһŷħޣԸٶȣԽ˵ϵĵħޣͬǰ㣬ѩ
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ģӵĹͣӲ
һֻһħޣͷ̧ſͣһĻ򣬲ͣеķħȥ
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򣬴ʮֻħޣеģһֻһֻ׹ǰ棬һֻϣͬһʮˣһͷϷû·һɫĳ㣬ڿ±ʱϷ˴ЦŶ溰壬ҪһˣǾ׷ɡ
ļһӹӸƴˡ
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һһص󣬾ΪǽЩţСӣҲǧҪǱϵ͸ƭˣϵˣǵϵˣŮӣ˵ͼһмˣǴ½Ǻܶ࣬ɽڴ½ϣδйǵӰ½ļУҲǵţǷǰһħʮħеһŵĻ
磬ӿٶȣ߸ϰˣϾŸʮ׷ˡ
ŮתͷһӶϵ£һȺħޣ׷Լ
ǼСҲȵǡ붼롣ӵĵ֮
˷˫ִһӡ֮䣬һⱬһŵ㣬¡һ˹ȥ

޴ıըﴦըһѺۣѺֱӾͽ׷ħȺ赲
ߣ׷ѽ㵹׷ѽ
һΪ壬ӵѽйԼһռ붼롣
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еڶŷħ޳֣漴ŷħٳ֣һʱ䣬ѩ֮ոϣȫħȺǼʮֻ
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׷ɽվһɽۣ֮ŲϳǵħȺ˵ѩǱߣ׷ʲô£½ħޣȫǱ߾ۼȥˣѵе飬ħ壬Ҳ˸Ȥ
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ߣǵ۶ҵļȺһͣǣҪʶһ°ǵУʱҩĻ뾡һа취ȫص۶ǡȻȺǰǣȻĿģǾ巽
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⵽׷ʲô£ΪʲôħŴħʱأΪһУӦȫͬһʱѽ
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ΪеҩΪʲô
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ǣħ֮ħħ˰ǣԣԾŴħŻͬһʱصģھǰǣӭħ֮ġ
ħ֮׾ãȻû
ǵģү˵ħ֮ûڰڣ¥һʱ˾¥֮⣬һŮҲڣ˫֣ûܰħ֮ô
ôܣ¥׾Ʋ͸ξټһģ׾ûӦõͽ׾óŶԣΪʲôû
¾Ͳ֪ˣϢǾԿɿģɽļ֣֪Ϣǻᣬȥ͵Ϯֻ߼ħء
һȺϡ֣ҲͽɱֻСħްˣЩħǰƨ㡭ߣǾϵǣǸʲô⼸ǵˣҲѾ·ˣ


1434 ׾õ
ħȺӦ˵ħ壬Ѿ߾ۼˣĿģֻҪ֪ĳЩĳ˵ģӦú
˵ħչǱ˵һǣžƬѩ򣬶̤ƽϾħǲСʱģǾ¥ξټ壬δнħ뷨ΪʲôΪħȺ̫ӴھǴ½һ塣
࣬飬ħޣУ٣ħ࣬ǾͲ˻ɵȥЩܵ飬ż󳬼ǿߣҪȫ½ħȫɱѵɱħ޾Ͳ𣬶ŵ㽫ħʱҲѾ֮ˣʱĴ½ֽһôĳûĵ
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¥ھҪưԴ½쵼ߣҲưԴ½Ҫưԣɲ˵˵еģ飬Ҳ룬ǿͬʱҲǿ󣬳űȱ˽ʮʮҪһһӡȥ£ĸ磬λˣ߹ġ
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Ų񷶦ѪһҹǴ½ĳӷ磬עҪ磬һЩ춯ص飬Ҳȥ
Ҫһˣܼ򵥣Ҫһ磬Լһˣǰ첻ģȫ¶ΪУһʮһа٣ٿһ㣬һаΣֻǿӴľӣɴҵ
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´ңԺܶ˵Ǽ£󲿷ֵˣҲˣ粻ңʣӷھǴ½
ҰɣҰɣˮ㣬Ǵ˵֮ͻֻɵŻȥ
ſǱߵ飬ɽµ飬ӷȥܣ˫Űɡ
ҲѾˡֻҪȸһұԴ֮Уʲô˶Ҵв
вǴ½ϣ˭
¥򣬻ħ塣
ͻȻ䣬ӷϣǻһŮǼһ˵һĪĻ

èóӷսʱֱӽԼķ䡣
׾ڳӷĴϣڶʱ֮ڣǲָܻˣܵˣҲģȴ꣬⼸֮䣬ָ¥սһλħ֮ħŮ浱ǾǴ½ǰλ֮еĴڡ
ˣʱ޷ƣģ㿴㳤ķϣҲᾡġ
ҪѰ׾õκãҩУ½Ҳûκˣȫƺð׾ˡ
ɳӷһ룬λħŮһ˺ˣ᲻ԼвҪɱԼĻ׾ٵ飬ԼҪʩչƿȭȼĴ򷨡ɶǣɱԼԼΪʲôɱأֵĻᶼûУеǿŰ֮ǣڱƵģ⵽ôһ£
ò֮ǵıѵħŮԼйϵ
ӷһԼͷôܣǴ½ɲһԶطǷ˵ĺӾްҹ֮⣬Ͳ֪˵ˣ׾ħޣԼ࣬ôܻʲôϵ˸Ӵ򲻵һ飬ʲô
֪ɽѾۼ˰ħ壬⼸֮ڣħ壬ۼö룬֮⣬½Ӧòκ£ڶˣܽȫۼɡ
һЦ׾ڰǣм֪ڵˣǲɵ˵ȥģôһϢȥģȻǾ¥
¥Ҳ֪ܵʲôطȥʲô֮ȥˣֲƽͽ׾ڰǵϢħ塣
ħ壬һ׾֮⣬ǿڣҲԿ϶һ׾֮⣬ûκһֻħޣǿͳȫħ޵ģǰǣӦþΪӭӰ׾ûħ塣
ħȺףΪʲôΪûһͷģ໥֮ã׾ûصħ壬ǽζʲôȲܱģڳӷ磬һ޴вѽ
ӷѾ⣬ôð׾ûصħ壬ҪȥҲԼ
ҪȽװɡ
ӷڶԼеɵȻһֻèˣ˿ҪЦ

׾һӷʵǴӦˣӦĻӦĻҪС
Ȼ׾ýӷһϲѽܸλħŮףħ壬ҶԼôˣ
ûʲôʲô壬ƣ¹ⱦ֮ģ
׾ǰһ׹⣬ͼһɫĺ«ǰ
֮ǰ׾ȾƵľƺ«
ⶫ

ɽµЩħϵã

ɽЩħ޲ȺŹҰɣ

ãһΣҺңèҰ㶪ȥιǾβҰβͶ


1435 ѡ̸ʹ
֮ڣħѾڰɽ¼ᣬʮǧħޣƬѩռ޴ߣɲŴѩɽû˿Ķһ뿪ڴƵģǴ˼ѹ
ѩ֮⣬˾¥壬ǵˣȫѩֹ֮ͣڱ˵ǽˣѩ򣬶ѽһһ룬ǱضΪħ޵һɱĶ
İǵľʱȴѩ֮ġ
ʦӣǿˡ
һֻӣѩħޣڴʲôע⣬Ӣ᲻֪
ٳɲǼ¡
ʦʲô˼
ˣЩħ֮Իۼѩǵõ˰׾óڰǵϢ׾֮ǰİǺҲѾӦֻҪİ°ǵĻͻὫǵ֮ǿ˵ģȻ԰׾õ޷ȫãհ׾õΪ˵Ϳڰ֮ڣáԴϴҾ֮󣬰׾þûгֹˣڷڰǵϢٳã⽫ζʲô
˺ӢĻֻ֮ģʵʦ˼ǣ׾ãѾǴʲôЭ飿
ǰϷŰ׾ûῴаǵʲôԴеϢ֮ϷͲòˣ
ѵУбİõʥҩ𣿡
ҩ˵Уѵлһ˵ҩûˡҲеǼ٣׾ǵĻİǣǵһùģ
ʦ׾ǿ󣬵ڵϾˣʲôвİǣ
ԶҪ󣬰׾ˣҪЩˣҲ׾ٵġϴͻȻһǣһ˳磬ư׾Ͷ֣°ˡ
һʱĴѵעİǱĻ𣡲ôΣһҪǺÿǣҲҪڰɱִϡ
˵źŸѾȥ˰ִϵְλһëͷСӽΣǵСӣǵĴˣ洫ֳؾ֣ҲСˡ
ʦ˵ǣؾ֣ȷСӣҲǴ½ѵһķ˵ӵһٰʮ󷨣ؼ汸սϿ˵ƥСҵǣ˵ǸǣҶƶ춼ϣǸִϣͣʲôɵֶŪġ
û͡УǰˣЩǸйءϷʶһ£ͣżͷ˫֣˶ʮĻˣͻȻ˹͸ô£
ǵڶôһлᣬҶɱ
֪ξͬʱڳӷֵ֮ĻͲ뷨ˡ
е飬кܶ࣬Ŀǰ֪֮ǰǵĴڰǣǾԲҶµƶǼӲܻǵɵ¡˵ҶѾеοƭ˱ˣȴƭϷ򡣡
ʦҶһôˣ
һѡ
ǵĳһʦг𣿻ʶ
ٳЩһ˵ĶԹˣ㻹֪Ϊã֪ˣûκεĺô鷳
Ҳʣһ֮飬ԼҲ֪̫֪࣬ˣҲûʲôãԼûκεĺô
ʦħ岻˵ĻǾ޷ˡ
İɣ׾ڰǣħ壬ܿͻ˵ġҲ֪׾ڵվһߡ
ڣӷֵҹţԾģĶС̯ϡ
ѾͷԵġ
Χû̫Ŀˣ˵Ķ֮⣬ûһԴߣȫͨˣȫǵԴߣۼ˳ſڣȴħһսܶԷôǿ󣬶ҪػԼļ԰
Ķûκζֻ˳ӷԱߣʵӣɽ·ô飬ѵ治ȥһ𣿡
ҲѾȥ𡣡
ֻҴ粼󷨣ؾ֣СС󷨣ܵסħĴٽ𣿡
ȥɣħҪͽˡİɣǻûǸӡ
ס
㲻ҪףֻҪ֪С̯ӣڲ˶ˡ
ȥ죿
Ѿǽˣִϣѵ㻹Ųɣ
ʲôѽ
һ㰲һʺְλġ
ԱһĸŮˣ˿̶ųӷ硣
ƣǾ͡
͹ӣ
ɲ̫ˣΪǰܵħĹȻ
û˵ļ任ˣµģС㡣ֻͣǸˡ
ιǼô˵ģûһòﲻǵˡ
Ķ฾ˣȻ̾˿˵ӣҿȥһɳſڰɣЩ˵ĵġ
ӷ˼һĶóһɫĺ«˵
ӣҸ«
Ҫʹߣǣħ̸С
ӣڿЦɣ
ҴӲЦţһȥſڣᣬֵʱһΣãǡ


1436 ǰȨ
ɽ£ΪŸͬλãͬʱ˾治ͬɫͬ״ӣÿһϣһͷһһֱ־
ҶվڰſڣԴߵԿɽµһУÿһֻħޣɳĮеһųɳڷֲͬʱƣҲ൱η塣
ħ壬Ѿۼɽ£һֵħޣѾ˰ɽƣһħҪǣǾԵֵסģ
ҶΪǵĳҲѾݵͣɼѾ˲ˣȻڱչϾǻһͣʲôû־ƣͷһ
ħ壬ǻʲôһɢɳħȺκһвͲҪκһȥǣ໥֮䣬δֹͣɱ
粻һˣžɽҶƶǼѾһֲ֮УҲ֪ħ㳲ǵΧҪв
ƳϣǼɻǵǾʲô𣿡
Ҷתʵ
ƶ˵Ϸ֮ϣ˵ڴ½ϵȫ֪Ǿ죬ϷŵġħŴħģҲֻоŴħ֮ŻģͨħޣԲ˽½Щĸչֳġ
Ҳ˵ħľŴħѾִ½ˣ
ƶ첻˵ôԵǰѵʲôûɵ
ѹһħȫۼҲѹ໥֮ûκεɱԭʧľŴħִ½ˣ
ħ屾ʮħоŸֱƹŲͬħޣŸһҲԵħ塣ʮħ˵ŮǾŴħĴ㣬ҲǴ½ħ޵ˣħΨһһﳬĳǿߣˣǰ׾ã
ڰ׾õǰǾŴħҪСܵĽɫǰŴħǳذ׾ãڰ׾õƴӣǾŸ֮䣬ǲϣǰ׾໥֮Ҳǲݵ
û֪׾λħŮʲôʱֵģû֪׾ΪħޣΪʲôԵﳬǿߵľ磬֪ģֻҪ׾ĵطǴݲһ
Ŵħǰ׾һģ׾óǾŴħĴ֮⣬ͬʱҲǾŴħʦԴǰ԰׾ھ¥ֺ֮ħľŴħҲ漴ʧ˴½û֪ǵʲôطȥˣֻд˵ǾŸȫʼ˱չأŬΪȳ֮գΪ׾ñ
û뵽죬Ŵħǳˣͬʱۼħ޳ߣûȥҾ¥ȫǣ֪ˣΪħھŴħĴ£ҪԴ½ҪռĿǰǡҶǼˣ֪Ŵħ֮ԵΪҪһˣҲֻдˣǾŴħ˵ʦڣħ塣
ʵҪⳡΣʲô¡
ǳ֮䣬ִЩĹ˼
Ҷ˵ȥ壬Ѱ׾
ԱߵǲɵһЦһЦҶе˵ǣѾΪִϣϷȥ󷨣㲻ȥһһĽڣ㵽ʲô˼
ǵ󷨣˵ͳģ㲻ؾ֣һʲô󷨣Ҳǵİ洫ѽҶ˵Ͳҵʲôˣ˵ˣǱߣûоȨ֣һţҪֵ㵱ɵѽ
ֻЦ̫ˡ
󵨣ǣΪ͸Ϳ޼ɵϷ㣬Ŀ˵ĻͣҲס㡣
ҪŭֻˡãħŮҪЩһ棬Щһ֪ħŮڰǣĹǸ˵ʦ𣿡
ǳ˵˵ûӣ׾ǲЩһ֪ڰǣȻ֪ͨħˡȥһǺɫġȥǾŸħ˵׾òǣҲǵġǼ鷳ѽ
鷳ҿһ㶼鷳һˣȥŴħ̸УŰ׾ǰǣǲͿˡ
⻰˶뵽ˣ˭ȥŴħ̸ѽǲȥǳǾŴħĽȥŵĻǾͲħˣ
ǣҪ˵Щûõġ̸У˭ȥһϷȥҶ˵
㣬ҲȻҡǣҼҹӣƼһˡ
ͣƼ˭
⻰˵ģʲôƼ˭ѽҼҹƼˣȻǶǰġȻ㲻ͬĻҼҹǲǿģ͸ҵʱһ㲻ִͬϣҲɾˡ
֪˵ǣӷǱһһֶҶܲסǵѹ
ƶƨһ˵ɵɣһαӷѪڶβҶԼ쭣ΪԼҪȡżǷȨΣڣƶɲ˵ˣ˵ǵģûκθϵ
ˣ㲻ҪϷһףϷֲɵϣСӵļƵġ˵ɣҪƼ˭
ãĶ
ʲôЦһСѾͷȥŴħ̸УǸʲô𡣡
ҼҹӴӲЦȻƼãȻĵ
Ҷһ룬⣬ҲԼѽҪ͵ħ⣬ƨ°ɡ
ãȥһ˰ɡ
˵ȥȥѽô˵顣
ȥ̸УǴҼҹأǴǣ
ϻȻȥˣȻǴǡ͸ħ̸ʲô̸ѽ
ǺãȻǴǣҲ˵ãǵĴˣ
Ȼġ
ܺãΪǲҪеʲôְ

Ҷһ䣬ָͣϷף
ƶǾ͸һ̲סЦ˳Σֵ˰ɣң㣬죬治֪ͻҪʲô˵ıҪ
Ҷɲóӷڰӵ̫ȨһִѾˣټһĿǰʵҪǵ󷨣ؽ£ǵͷǲġ
ڻҪְĵͦġ
ҪûУȥȥˣħ޺ţ
Ȼͬ⣬Ҳû취ֻܻȥǹˡ
ҪȥȥȰ󷨲ߣ
ϣҪСԼ㶨ɡ
ǣ㡭ã˵㵽Ҫʲôܣ
ûٵǿǸǿĻᶼץסĻƾʲôӷѽ
ȻӷҲֻǽһ°ˣڵı飬Լı£ӷûκιϵ
ְҪƳϵͷˡ
ۡ
ƶһûԼʲôѽôֳԼͷˣ
˵Ҫʲô
ƹܾá
˵ʲôǣ˰ɡ
ƶ¿޷ٱֳĬˣҪƹܾã㲻ֱ˵ҪƼ壡


1437 Լ
ã˵ˣǮһ֧ǿľӣûǮĻǾûбݣ߶ûУʲôְѵҪʿǶŶӣֿȭȥս
Ƽ֮ͳȫǾӣΪƹžãɱȾĸҪֻҪôȨ֣ӣҪΨǴӣߵ쵼ߣƹž֮ǰҪ֣ҲҶƼΪɵ֮
ʵںǰҶѾ뽫ƼݴȨˣհǵĹأǾȨģɳƹܣģǽĴ󲿷ȨȫɢȥͳЩƹܸȨ֮ˡ
Ϊһ֮ףӵȨ޷ƿ֣ǾζʱҪ֮λȥҲǰгһҪԭ
ǵָ֮ĹأȻᵽһ˶ȨĺڵİǣҲ˵ǵڶεİΪеȨһ֣֮һĳǧʱ䣬ʱǿԸıһ˵ģʱĳǵˣȫΪūɳƵһˣ֮ǴȫǺƷ֮ĳͶ˳ܶȨҪĳһʱθĹء
ҶҪõǾͱ뽫ƼеЩȨȫΪڶ걩
ҪƼЩȨǼ򵥵飬ƶҲӦģⲻ˲ӦǰԹĹزӦԣҶŻӷƼ塣
ڣȡƼȨĻˣᣬȴҶģڳӷġһ콫ǵľôȨתƵĶǸֱӶӷʲô𣬵ǸʱƼûʲôͷˣ壬ͽΪڶƼ塣
֮ƶӷ磬һϺ꣬һС꣬˫˭°ȨҶ˵Ǽ¡
ɷһ룬ƼƹžȨѾôˣѾ֣ӷ磬ȻҪ𵽸вһӷһѳǣǻõ㣬һѣټģҶҲ̫ϡ
һƼѱ䣬Ӳ֮λҶͻ൱ļ֣һ㷴ûУ
ϸѰȨӷ磬ҪƼõĶ࣬٣ڵĳӷ磬ڵ壬δָǵڵƼ塣
Ҷϸһ룬ȰѾôȨתƵӷͷϣ֮취ҪֱӴƼ򵥵Ķ࣬ӷΪ㹻գֶҲȷ˵㣬ëͷСӱϾëͷСӣƶȣ۵Ķࡣ
뵽ЩҶѾöע⣬ԼҲѾӷˣ٣ӷ粻Լͱӡ
Ҷ벻ǣͱУǳӷֵĻ뵱ľظ֣ͱӷ磬Ǵ½ϵˣΪϱȵǿ棬ûһ㣬˵ġ
ְϷûʲôҪƳͬͬˡ
Ҷһתںԣڰųӷ磬Ըƶ졣
ƶ漴һֲɵῴҶ˻ᣬһԼƼȨ֮ǰǸҪ֮ȨԼôܾͷ
ôȨƼƹܵģҲǼڵģ㲻Ϊһͣʲô⣬ͽƼȨתˡ
˵ȻƳϲͬ⣬Ҳûʲô˵ġȻƳ˿еȨΪȨߣǲҪΪأ
ѽ뱣סȨǾͱɾͳƾʲôҧⲻš
ҶҲǵ˼˵ȻˣϷ򿴣̸ʹƼΰɣֻҪƼܳɹħŴħ̸ħ岻Ұǣκˣ޷ƹܴȨˡ
ƶֻǺĳˣҲҪסôȨ
Ǻã̸ʹߣƼΡ
˵ƳϣȻʹߣǿɲʲô˶УҪƼĵϵɸƼȥһ˴ǣҪħЦ
ǣ㡭
ƶŭ˵ҿƺХǸתĻͦģȥɡ
ƺХƶ϶ļ̳ˣȥðգӦǸҶҪըԼˡ
֮£ƶֻΪˣ˵ȻҲƼһˣϷ򿴣һȥɡ
ƳϣϺͿ˰ɡʲôǣƾʲôȥ
Ҷ˵Ϸ򿴣ĶƺХһȥɣҪһԼ
ʲôԼƶʵ
ƺХɹȻû˿ԶҡƼȨʱĶɹˣƳϣϷҲΪ㣬ûϼְ񣬾ͽƼһľƹȨĶɣҲǸһ
һȨ
Ҷĳ
ڵƶ죬ûɾܾĵĻҲҪȥʲô
Ǹƶ춼ѸԵøӽ˹
վһҶ˵Ѿ֪ô˰ɣ
ƺХȴ˵ѡĻǲȥģȴûκεѡ
Ķ˵ģ֪ô
ŮеʶģѵΪ˵ƺХܽ¶ֻӲͷƤ˵һɹģõġ
ǺãǸ׼һ£Ϸȴɽ֪Ŵħ̸֮£ɽȥɡ
ƶ콫ƺХһԣ˵Х̸̸Σɽ£һᣬɱĶֻҪɱѾͷͲҪȥ̸ʲôУֱӻ˵ħʲôȥѾĶˡ
үүҿɲɵħ̸СɱĶʲôⶼûˣ㵽ʱħ޽Ҳһҵ飬ˣƼǵ׼
šʶүүͷˡˣȥɣסڲǳӢ۵ʱжɷ򣬸˾Ҫˡ


1438 ɱƺХ
ɽ·Դ˵Զһ͵ɽˡ
ĶƺХȴǲɽģɽͬʱҲƵƶһ֧ӣ֧ȫָӣԼаң䲻࣬ʼʱҲ㲻ˣƶùһ֧ӣ޻صģƼʧν
󷨣Ѿȴɵʲô͵󷨣ҲӶѣΪӷǱѾ˻ħ޵ĽͲҪӲ÷ϣһĻضҪӷҴƱħ壬ǾԲ˿ġ
Ȼ֪ħ岻жôӷ绹ɳĶɽȥҪħ彻֮ð׾õĹϵħ彻⣬ӷ绹һĿġ
ʱڳӷ˵Ǻܳ棬ԣҪ̵ʱڣȽǸֻҪ˰ⷽڰеĳˣпʶǴ½
Ҷ˲뿪ſڰ벽ÿһ˶վڳſڷĵȴţȴɽǷϢ
ƶڲȥƺХİȫΪûƺХȥħŴħ̸УֻҪɽ·ϣĶһ췵أ˵ħ̸ʧˣһеȫƵĶϣĶѾħ޸ˣƼ壬Ͳʧ
Ȼħ޵ĽƼҲ׼ֻҪǲʹֵµƼЩڣһ˳ǣȥĵطչ
ħ岻ǶƼ˵͸ˣʧȥǰ˵ľ֮⣬һΣƼ壬Ҫһ¡
ȲƼҪͼıʲôǰĻϡ
ĶƺХ뿪ǴԼʱһ·֮ϣһ仰Ҳû˵ĶųԵĶˮƺХʲôûдĶһôߺˮ߳ŶѾǱߵˣΧҲǳߣѩɽĴߣû˿Ķ
ιҵˮ
ƺХĶԵζԼҲеˣԼȴʲôҲû
Լ֪ȥѩѽ
ѽΧôѩ飬ҵȥԣһ
Ѿͷ֡
ƺХĶ֮һʯͷϣ˿Χû˸ɽҲԶˣֵʱɱĶ֮󣬽ʬɽһƺܶħ޻ȿֺȥԵġ
䣬γһذףƺХΪĶ֮ϣɱĶĻ˵ʵĶûļǷƺХΣǾ·һ
ͣԶȶĶûֳκεķ״̬Ҳû뵽ȥħ޾Ŵħ̸УΣյﲻǾŴħԼһͬǰ֮ˡ
ƺХѾᲽƶĶеذף߸߾
˿̣ĶоһǿҵɱʹԼı󣬶ð亹ĶȻһеĳԵĸȵģȫ˵ϣǰһ壬৵һеĺٳ֡
ƺХ׼ϴɱǴʱѾʶĶⷨˣ֪ⷨԼĺƺХһĶεѾĶеĺٴڵء
ƺХʲô
ĶȫʥһƷľ磬֪ƺХԼվɱѽ
ѾͷҪһȥĿѽΣǴˣΪƼܿذ𣬾ǰûˣƼ壬ͬڱĵطԼļжԿ
ƺХñȥħ̸Уþ
˵ûȥ㲻ĻҾһԣԲסˣҪֵĻȥͰɡ
ƺХֳذףֱӳĶ˹ȥ
顣
ĶƺХٶ֮죬ԼĻᶼûУڴ˿̣ͻȻ䣬Աߣһ⣬⣬ȽƺХеذ״ڵأ漴ӰƺХΧͣš
ƶӣû뵽Ȼ˺ݶһСѾͷ㶼µ֡ӾͲˣһ˿ɰѾͷǱӵĻһؼңС檣ɱ֮ء
ǰһʯ֮ϣӷ粻֪ʱ֣ΧӰҲѾֹͣƺХɨһۣͼ£ļһÿ˶ֳذףذףȫ׼Լ
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ƺХ벻ӷȻûĶһɽһֱڰиţѵϵԼڰ·Ķ
ʵӷĶԼ֪һӷ磬ĶҲͷˡ
ӣһ̫ˡ
ɣӿɴӲϡ
ѽҪԷ㵽סҪģ˼ҳҾۣ£Ҳ˵ڣҲǼҴġ
ͣȥɡ
ӷһҲεĿģʵɱƺХû취˭һƼļ̳أ죬ɱģǼһˡ
ƶ죬㲻㲻ǺãҾƼ壬Ӿ
ɱ
ʮ˹ֻҪɱһƺХҲ㹻ˣΪƺХһеǿߣͲκ˷֪صǿߣȥˡ


1439 ħ
ɱֶԸһƺХ˵׾֮£ɱ˵Ҳκεһһľ񣬾Ҫ¶ԷأκδۣȻҲþһеֶΡ
Դɱ֣Ϊڲ֮䣬ʣһƺХֵܵס
غƺХҪɥˣһй޳ܵģȻŶҩ
ذգ֮һֻ֣óһСƿӣٽСƿĶҩȫĨذ֮ϣʹƺХذףɢɫĹ

ɵĳֶҩǽںڹѸģ˵ڹѸһ嶾һҺ壬ֶҩɽģһˣǾͱɡ
һذףһƺХǲֻɱҲֻ̼顣
ԷʱǾͲ̫ˣֻҪƤմһĶҹͻƤǾͺñ۾ߵĶҺ㣬ӣͻᵼ
ƺХֳذףԽΧɱ֣壬ͣתţһСģһɱֳǷʤģ
ͣȻҰ·ɱң£Ƽûꡣ
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ƶɱӷˣ磬ڳӷ绹δ֮ǰѾˣǸʱɱģˡ
ƺХ˵˵ħŮ壬ħΧԭһУ͸ġȻħ年ᣬҪ̲ǡ
˵ƶӣӴñӣʵ̫˵㡣㱾Ӹħ年ᣬôһ˵ţǾԲй¶ܵġ
ӷֶΣƺХͼʶˣԼĶ綼򲻹ѵԼʵΪڳӷֵ
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ͣӺɷҲҷһسǣʱҶҪ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ƶӣôôǼءѵˣλүүҪڳⲼ󷨵ģѾΪ˵ֵħĽã㻹ܻصȥ𡣡

ǵ󷨣Ȼǵ·ȫˣǵֵħĽǸԼһ·𣬶·ԼүүҪģһ֧ģ
ͣȽסҪһҿԱ֤Ƽ壬һ롣
ףʵڲ˼ûҶǵȵʸɡ
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Ů˵ҽ飬ھɱǣӭӴ㡣
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ⲻܡ˵¥ŮǷʲôöĵطȥˡǱߣҲңʱ򲻿ܻǵġ
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֪Կ϶ǣɢģǸǿߡ
϶˵¥˴ػߣ֮ǰ¥ĺھĻ飬˰ǣǲ˵ػߣڰǣǴ˵еĴػߵģ
ڲʲôɢģǱҪȶԼȺҸȥԼȺȶͬʱһпս׼ܶԷǴػ߻ػߣֻҪǶԴвģκδۣͳͳĨɱ


1440 ̸
ųӷʧħ壬ҲѾȶŴħȴѾ˽ǵ׼ħ˵ҪһǣҲֻ̼飬ǵؾ֣ǰеıֵܵס˴ħޣ˾ŴħһǵĽǳǻ
̷ħ˿Ѿվ⼸ħ֮ǰԼħٴҲУѪĽѵ뵱꣬ڰ׾ʧ֮󣬾Ŵħ͸¥ɹһһѡչأ֪ʱľŴħжҡ
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ĶһɫΪԲΣһεεѪװŵģҪ룬Ҳ֪һͷ
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ˣɱģͷǿģûκεĹϵֻǽͷȥҾƼ壬ǸĻһ̣ȫҡ
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³壬λǰͬʱǣ˵λǰԼͬʱҲԼǰ⣬λǰ⣬ħ֮ڣ˳ѩ򡣻ȵˣˣλǰس֮ǧﴫһ˵ʲôؾλǰӦ֪


1441 ţŹ
ɽһֱ̻ʣųɫĹγһ
Ķɽ֮ǰǽģҲһѶŵĳѶϢõġ
˿ڰſڵˣѾ˴ɽʵĲ⣬һˣ֪ʲô
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֮ǰ󷨣Щʿûеһʱƶ´ƶû˵еʿҲķسȥ
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顭һӺݺ˴ͷʿͷϣһĻνѪģѽս⣬ƽյѵУҲǴδйġ
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һֱӾһͷʿ˭ٲǵİ
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ҪھҪַֻһ˴ĵ׷㣬һ֣ˣĵ㣬Ҫµһĳ̶ȣսϣ󺰡˺նҪƸ۵˵ڣеʿȫǰ壬Ž˶һ뷨Ľ죬ûʿ£η嵽һ۷ĳ̶ȣ
˿еʿųһ亹ͽ֣Ҳŵģǵֱ٣֣ΨһһĻȥһģԼ
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䣬һ׻ſ߳˹ȥ
ǽһȫ䣬һӣȫΧסˡ

׻ֱӴĽ֮ϣĽȫ⡣
ˣȫ˻ȥвߣɱ
˵꣬һָǽ֮ϣϸҹرճţȥĽȥģȫ档
ƼˣˣȫһҲƺХͷ˫۾ŵģ룬ħΧһôĳ֫ȫħ޸˺ǶôĿ£ôĶģ˭Ըȥ룬Ƽˣֲòȥ롣
ף˻سȥɡ
ϷҪɱħޡ
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Ƽ壬ʧȥһʧȥһХҲעƼ壬ѾǰƼˡ
ȫǽʿƳɥ֮ʹʱ޷ͳȫݴƳϣȫʱֿħĽ
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ͬʱһֻֻѾѱħޣӳǽ֮ϣ
ӷվڳǽߴ˵ƳϣʵڱǸӸ·Ƽ壬ЩħޣΪس֮ˡˣˣţŹ
ƼħޣȫӷŪ˹ڳ⣬˵ǳأ˭֪ӷǽᣬƼЩѱħޣҲһ֡


1442 ǻ
˵Ŵħйģڿ˰׾õĺ«̰֮ĶĻȥ̶һʱ֮ڣħޣȫ˳ѩ򣬽˾Ŵħɴڰɽ£һҲ뿪Ҳڵȴ³壬ǣǸʱǾͿԼ׾ˡ
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һǣͷ˷츲صı仯ųӷĵƼ忪ʼįͬʱҲһҡ
ãһƹžһƹһľãΪϴҲѾˣȥһ˵һسǽľȨ󣬵˵Ҫ£ȫǾΪãҲǼ¡
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УҪȥСӣʲô˼
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гưԵҰģô˵ҲˣʲôɲԼˣȥＸˡС㣬㿴ãһִϣƹݣһƼһľ֮ȨһΪسǴ󽫣ϵķչһΪڶƼġ˵Сһģ˭ܱ֤ǲѣһˣ壬ҪǸѹסˡ
㲻õģСֲɵȻţǾоԵģصĸЧɣҲһ˺УһñѣƻıƺХҪҡ
С㣬˵ҲòˣȨҪ䵽ǲܷġ
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ԵģʲôһֻҲ˯˵ĴˡСӻء
СֱӽèҲǻΪԭεİ׾ãӴһָ˵ϣڵİ׾Ʒκ˽о˵ɱˣֻǱСһѶڵء

Сһ۰׾ãЦС㻹ͦѽô棿
СһֲõȤֱǰǷֵӶһָָŰ׾õͷһͣĴ׾õߴ껹Цӽ㷭
׾õ嵹ǰ·ֻţСץ

׾òͣĽţĻ쵰֣ñùȻһ㡣
СĻ֪ô࣬һֻèѣѵﲻɣֻ۸˵ķݣ˭ͷ϶ѽ
˿̣һţӷ߳Сһ
ڸ
ѽҵѽ
Сŵһƨ˵ϣ̧ͷųӷ磬ʵѽǴĽģ
㣬ڸ
ûûѽ㲻ڷֻСè档
ʲô㣬
ѽʲôô
ûû⡣棬û㣬ܶʱ򣬴ȻΪ⵽ƻչġͬЩСҲΪϷˣͻȻһ죬һֻһڸԵ㡣
ѽͱŻСˣһֻè㿴Сء
ӷ˿ѽӣ͵ɣ
ˣ磬С̸еġ
ûʲô̸ģʱҲˣǸϽȥһ°ɣеĳԾͳԣеĺȾͺȣʱһûˣ
ѽѽǱߵ飬СܻҪ̸ǵȥ˵
СһŽ׾ø߿׾ýһСֻһӣ˼˵ƣүҲ۸ֻèˣ
ųӷ߳䣬׾˫ۺݺݵĵС֡
ӣţ˼ˣ


1443 ѯʺռ
˵Ѿ¿ţûʽӪҵϾƷƻû׼ãӪҵˣҲûκζóġ
³壬ʽӪҵӣӷߵĵҩҲϾλˣһ¯ÿһŵҩǮ
ʽӪҵ֮ǰСѾװһ£ҲӷǴӺģΪڰǣѾвЩҩˣСָɴͽҩƵ˳ӷϣ˵Լֻеϰ壬ṩҩģ͹ӣ⵼ȫǴ󲿷ֵˣЩͨˣǶеſڣǱߣҪüӷһ棬ֻҪһƿ̥ͨǵҩͿԳΪԴˡ
ϴ赤ھǴ½ǿݺᣬһʵΪ磬ջ󲻿νСͨһϵег飬ҩļ۸񣬿ɽȴóӷе⡣
ΪĵҩҩȻ˵ģϴ赤۸Ŀ£ΪһۣһٻƽһšѾһˣһƿ
һٻƽ룬ǽһôĸһٻƽ𣬷ڵϣǿһҫ۵ǳѽǵĽ󸣬֪Ҫ¶ã³һֻƽ
˵ӣ۸ǲǶ̫һ㡣һֻƽЩͨôó
磬㾡ܷģʱϴҩģͨˣǱȴСѽǾþŴɡھŴУȥǰǲ˵еÿһ壬ŪС٣һͨ˵ġϴҩ԰һͨ˳ΪԴߣκһ˵͵δһǿߡһ£ȵļ֮䣬ͻȻһֶһǿߣǶһǷͻѹһЩɲǮܽģǰǽɽɽ޷⣬񣬸һ仰ܽˣԣСܶһٻƽۣһССˮݰˣʽʼ죬ÿһƿϴҩʮٻƽңϾУ˭ļ۸ߣ͹˭
С˵һûһǿߣǷڵ֮У𲻵̫ãܱһǿߣһʥǿߣʥ۷ľ磬Ǵ½ҲǱضǣȵļУһǿߣ˫һһǿߵһռ˾ơ
ӷ˵ͷԼҲ̫Ǵ½ϵĽǮζʲôֻܿ϶һǣǮƨ㡣
³ֻʣˡ˵˵ʱôⳡҪ֪ҿɲÿ춼ҩģƲ޷׬ǰԣÿһε˵һ궼ֻһεҪɫҪ½֪ڵĶÿһԴ֮ͬʱҪ֤ʱ˵ң٣͵֮ģЩǷʤѽ
ɷģЩһҲɵѽȻõͬһ໥֮ˣʲô۵ĻǸͲҪǶ֣Լ֮䣬ͻȴġڵʱİţСܻὫżŮˣȫҸǻһЩȽ¶ǵ·̨ϣתȫһ˵ע
ںŲĳӷûһ
㻹㣿
ɶɶ㣿
ǡǸû취ͣ
ӷ̾˿ӣҲĳ滳ɣһﶼô뵽ģע⣬ǵϵѽ
죬㣬Ǵ½ϣȷ⡣ǣʱģضȫżŮˣǲ̫һ㡣
СѾż׼ˣȻԼҵŮ˸Ƴ쵰й޳ܵġ
磬ʱһᰲżŮˣÿһƿҩĻҲһһģͬŮˣһͳȥ⻹׬ء
ӣ޳ܵ˼㡣
ѽ磬С⻹Ϊ㽫Ĵҵ𡣡
СЦһЦУıӷ粢ûȥ⡣
ӷûзԣСָǸˣ˵ӻǱĵط˽¿˼ҶĳҤӣͬʱ׼˽еƱЩƱȫӵĶĳҤеʱҪҩļһ͵ǮӻеŶˣ
ӷ˵׼׼ûУ
СֻڵУӷһӦ˵С׼ĶСȻᾡһõġǸҪˣϸҪ󡣡
ӷӹСֵݹɨһۣ˵бҪдȥ𣿡
磬СܿǰҪ󣬰ЩеʵȴõĸдȥˡȻ֮ǰ֮ڣڲͬˣѾ뿪Ƽ壬ξټ壬֪ܵôĴһξټ岻õĻǲǸҪ𡣡
ôҲ棿
磬ǵ۶ļ̳ˣȴļ̳м壬ʱϼһҲһȥ̳еģȻû֮ˣΪ˵ãʣʱļݵһԼҪǿĴڣض뾡һа취ģԣڲǸҪˣһǣСǰдȥġ
ӣĻͦԶģ鶼ǽȥˡ
֮⣬ûгǿߣ
磬ûˣΪ϶ľ硣
ʵ̫ˣˣʥ۷徳ģҪȣʵ̫΢
ڻ˵δһŮ洣һģӾ㸸ӣĸǿߡңӷҲܱ֤Լ뿪֮⣬δ᲻ͳĳǿߣһУҪʮڡ
Լߣʲô¥ĳǿߣ붼ҪģǲɱԼѾˣΪԼãζ̫ܡ
ħ壬ŮħŮ׾ãȷǳǿߣλҲ̫ΪԼѽǲȥˡ
Ŀǰ˵лΪԼõĳǿߣС˵ˣһҲڵξһˣϾԼһݣȹһƣűȽϺãʱٿҪҪҪôȥ
ȥξټԼ࣬ҲͶԸһºӾ㸸ӣһŮ洣ģ˭ȥԸǵȾ磬۷ѽа취Ըһ۷壬ռBOSSδ˭ȥԸ
ӷ̾˿أҲҶǿΪѽ۷壬Ըĵģǡǲ̫ܣ
ռ䣬û˵

С¿ûӦû
磬˵ʲôռ䣿
ռ䡣
治֪ҪȥһǣСӿ֪
˵ܲٲܲپ͵ǸպýС
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֪
ǰʦ˵ƬУΪأΪµһռ䣬Ǹռ޷״򿪣һˣռһУԶռ֮ڡ
Զ֮ܽȥǾһܳɣ
Ǻռ֮ٴδ򿪣ңռ䲻һ޴ڵġ˵˽˺ռĻҪǾͱͬһʱ㣬ͬһط򿪺ռ֮ţǲлʱ仹ǵص㣬Ҫʱһģһһǲһ㣬򿪵ĺռ䣬Ǹռ䣬ȫͬġ
ռ
ʦȷҵģʦҲ̫ںռ飬ֻ˵һΪصĿռ䣬ȴû֪ǸռڣЩʲôҪ֪ںռ飬·ǳѣȻǾԵĲܣŻˣ֪ĸġ
ӷʧһ󣬺ռ䣬ȫ˽⣬ܴ򿪣
ӣΪʲôͻȻᵽռ飿ѵʲôѣ˺ռ𣿡
ţҵĸף
ԭˣǻȮѽӵֶΣһһλԳ
Ŷôĳ
Ϊռ䣬ɲʲô˶ܽģûʸˣ޷ռ룡ֻߣʲôǿߣ򿪺ռ֮ţƭȥģ룬һǿ߶ԸˣҪռȥסģǽһôǿĽɫ
ѵռ룬Ҫģ
ǵȻռӵе֮ҾͲ˵ˣ˵ռ䣬ֻҪվںյſڣͻǡȴȫռ䣬ӻҪ취ȳǾ˵ںռúõģûκΣա˼άȥȥĻӣĸףһ޵еĴڣ½û˹Уʲô¥ξټ壬ħŮŮ֮ģͳͳΪ˲۵Ļҳ
ӷ粻ɵһЦѽԼĸ̴ԼػصǸ硣ǣʵѾ֤ǾԲܵģԼĸײԼڣҪԼȥǲ˵Լһ޵еĸףҪ޵ˣ


1444 
ӷǴ½ѾһµʱˣѾ³ĵ죬Ҳ˵ʽӪҵֻʣһˡ
죬壬һǳֵ飬Ҳ˵һĻǳҫ۵ĳ羳ڣ˺üͬɫĹȫǵÿһ䣬ңɢһ泩ζζֻҪŵһƣ;ʹʧȫµһѾʼˡ
ɣӷĵҩѾ¯ˣҴӲ񷶦ڴ˳Ż
֮⣬ѾΧˣȫǴСС٣ŮŮȫۼ˹ܶ˶Ѿ²⵽ζһЩҩɵģҲ˵ЩˣгΪԴߵϣˣ޷ΪԴߣҲн׵ϣˣֻǳӷĵҩܴЧ˵ʵӷ磬̫ϾЩΪĵҩӷԼֻ𾳽ʱùʥ磬٣˾ԪĹʵӷҲ޷ȥ֤㡣
һΣˣΪϴ赤ģϴ赤ҲƷơ
ڳӷķڣ׾ڴϣһҲֻèƵģɷ½ֻҪᵽ׾õţ˭ҽǸˣֻèߣֻ꣡
ǳãҩѾƳɹˣ죬ҾͿ԰ȫȫƺá
ҩӷ粻ұ֤һ棬ӷ绹оĵģ
һ֮˶ԾȻοһء
뵱ӷʶΪĹϵĵĸףλй޵һ̶˺üĻҲӷصʱλ̣ûйҡ
ѾҩһˮҩˣϾԪЧᵼµҩǹЧŵ
ӷùһС룬ҩȻŵ˰׾ǰ׾ҲʱĽҩȥ
ѽ˺öѽ
Сֱӳ˳ӷķ䣬û취ѽ̫ˣѾ赲סˣһҪˣлҶλڣҲ˵Ƽ⣬ȫˣ˹
ӷι׾úҩСһóӷ绹һ
ӣҲѡһʱ䡣
磬ʵǶסˣ̫ˣЩͨˣǧ֮һԴߣȫ˺棬ЩԴֲȥͨһ£ʹеͨˣѾ˴Ժء
㻹ϽȥǣҪҩȥ򡣡
Ҳ˵ѽǲӦ˵ʲôʱ̫ˣǿ𡣴ҶǰǵˣǲǿԱһ㡣
ˣͬ⣬Ǯۿӻͬٷϻ£ȥ
Ǻǣѽ˽СܡʵأСܻһ£Ҫæ
ٷϻģȥϽ
ӷ罫һСƿӶС֣СĽӹСƿӣЦѽϴҩ
ӵԴߵǰˣϽȥ˰ɣ֮ͿԼˣ
ѽ㲻Сѽ֪ҩããõĻСɾûˡΪ˸ķƴƣСǲµģֻǣѽ㿴ܲٸСһƾҩʲôΪ֮ġ
ӻ̣ҪϴҩҪҩӵԴǰͬʱ̼䣬ΪȥٶȣԴߵľ硣
룬ǻƴţǼڳϴ赤ҲҪһŬпܽ𾳽磬Ǻεȵ£лҪһε٣һ󲻵Ľǳӷ磬ʱ𾳽磬ԱԴʱûɱСֵãֱӾΪԴߡ
ǾǴ½ǵ磬֮ԴϣҲ˵ط磬ҪϺܶ౶ڵһʱܳΪԴߣھǴ½ʮѾ㹻ˣϳӷҩ˭˵Сֲڶ̶̵һ֮ڣͳΪԴߵģҲǾǴ½ǿΪʲôȵԭ򣬵ҲЩԴߣûǴ½صԴߡ
ӷɲСַϻҲΪȫ룬ˣǰ죬ӣŪ׾õģȰ׾һãƵһɱģС֡
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ЩѾԺˣȫǿڵء
Ҷʮųӷķ䣬Բڳӷģôһӷ֮⣬壬˭ӵǿ
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׾ֳˣħŮֳ壬ô£֮ǰûо׾õѽħ׾Ҳû֣Ϊʲôʱֳˣ
죬ҩӣɽ£׾죬Ҳһֵģ治֪λħŮĳ֣Ǻ»ǻѽ


1445 ҪһѪ
ȫǵȫ˳ʮ֮⣬Ҷڣ˭ҿ벽ֱϣ˼ŸԻظԵļңȫֵǮĶȫ˳죬һβϵĴƴ
½ԹʵһϸµģԲʤ˵ʷһΣ˶֪󣬲ʵĿʼ
СֺǵĴż˳һ·ٶ൱죬ٱǰӣȴ˲ҹάͬһ㣬ٶȣڴϿٵĹš
ѽСڳΪˣҲǸˡ
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ϣ챾ȲӼƽϡԺñڱǰ֣򣬾㱾ɱҲҪһΣһΡ
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˫һֱӾ͹һѱ飬һģ˵ѽС治֪ѽдǧСѽСһķ⣬ǣǳѽ

׾һŭ
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ЩòˣҲûá
ãɽ


1446 ½֮
òϣӷһǳ󷽵ˣԼķ䶼˸ռˣҲûȥС۵Ľƽϣ¶Էԭβˣֻħޣ͵̰ɣķҲ١
ȫź֮ˣȫطϢȥˣøСҲѾ뿪ˡ
׾ýӷŵķ䣬Źر֮ڷһ磬䷿Ϊ˵ǳӷ磬޷ƽ⣬ʱΣӲȥ
ϥ˴ϣ׾ýԼſ漴ͼ׾õУһѪҺѪҺڰ׾õɢǿҵѪ⣬Ϊ׾ýѪҺ֮ڣʹԭͲƽѪҺһ䡣
֮Ѫܿ죬ҾͿԳΪˡ
׾еѪҺ˰׾õǰ׾õС΢΢ſѪҺԶ˰׾õĿУٵĽ׾õڡ
ʱ򣬰׾ֻûһķȣͺñȱȼŰ㣬ȫƤʼήеʹࡣ
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Ҽȥ׾ѪҺƳڣѪҺƳʱѪҺɢǿҵڰ׾ĳǿߣ޷ȥѪҺһ¡
֪һʱ֮ѪҺŽȴȴ漴ˣһССѪ飡
ΪʲôΪʲôղˣ˵ҿմػߵѪҺ𣬲˵ֻҪ˴ػߵѪҺŴҾͿԳΪΪʲôΪʲô޷գѵСӸҵѪҺ⣡
׾ģ֪ػߵѪҺֻܹգתΪԼѪҺڣʵ֤ˣԼǲѪҺѪҺԼв
ԣһѪҺ⣬Ǵػɣ֮ѣΪ
׾׼ǳӷƭԼԼѪҺǼٵģһŭ֮£ȥ磬ֱӳ˷ڴԺ֮ڣ󺰵Сӣ
һ󺰣ˣӷһ֮⣬˭Ҳҳȥɵɣһ׾õĿ֪鲻̫ãҲûԼȥѽѵԼܳȥѽ
˵Ů˵ûһ㳢ԣҹģ㲻˯˻Ҫ˯ءŲűӸΡ
ӷһ߳䣬ڵİ׾ãʵһ
ι˵ʲôԴأҲ̫˰ɣôԼ⸱У
׾õƤڿή״̬ûȫָ
СӺġ
ʲô˼ĺˡ
ѪҺǼٵġ㣬ϰѪҺȻɱ㣬ȡѪҺ
ৡ
һѺɫĳ˳ӷУŮˣ㣬ҵһϦħܿԶɡΪǳǿߣͿ޼ɵҪֵĻδĶûڹѵ첻ɣ
ѽսǿǱֺϷ
׾´ŭδ˸Լ˵ɳӷ磬ȴһ٣ٶԼ浱Լɱ
һ룬ɱ˳ӷ磬ԼҲܳΪˡ
ã㣬㣬ȱΪ֮ٸҲ١
ղſԼӦһѪҺġΪһˣԶš㲻ҲˣȻһμٵѪҺ뺦
˵ɵɣ뺦ĻбҪ˵ʱ򣬾Ϳһ㣬ˡ
˵ΪʲôѪҺ֮󣬻
ҵѪҺ
ӷ絹û뵽׾ҪԼһѪҺȻԵġ
˵㵽ħޣѪѽȻҪҵѪԣӶˣҲ鷳ȥұ˵ѪòãӵѪҺܳԵ𡣡
ӷףΪʲô׾õƤήˣԼѪҺⲻȲǳѪҺر𣬱˵ˣųûѪţ޷ȥѪҺ⣬ʿɲǰ裬߱аܣȫԼѪҺУû³ԼѪڳԳѪߵѪͬʱҲڳʿѪŹء
ղǲǻһȼգʹ
ô֪
ϻǱҳѪߵѪҺһҲҳԣûˡ˵ˣߺߣʿ֪𣿡
ʿ
׾ɫһ࣬һףһָųӷ磬˵ʿΪǿĴڣ
ԭ磬Ҳ֪ʿѽȻ֪ѵΪǱӺ𡣡
㣬㻹ʿĻ
ûôɱȲ˵ʿ㣬һŵó˵ֻ϶ĳǿߣǳ۷壬Ҳɱ˱Ӱɡ

׾дһ䣬ˣΪʲôبǾ仰˵ػ߻ĻߣԭνĴػߣʿĻΪǿƻߣ
鷳ˣʿѪҺԼôյˣղȼյĸоԼܳܵסȼյĻҲǲԶܵѽ޷ȥճӷѪҺŴˣԼҲܱѽ
׾ںƣǾᡣ
ûѪҺͲܱˡô죬ô죡
˵ʲôҵѪҺΪʲôˣ
ˣԼѪҺð׾ñˣⶼʲôʲôѽ˵УʲôԼ֪ܲɣ
׾óĸһģһ˵ԼѪҺˣѵһУľɺ𣬾һСУɺϵҲٷοǾǴ½ԼǸˣ֮䣬ܴκεĹϵΨһ׾ãʲôھǴ½صƵģ
ΪʲôҪ㣡
㲻ңҾ޷㡣ԼŰɡ
ʵҲ֪ΪʲôЩǱڴ½ľͷһʯϿġ
½ľͷ㵱ĺˣһ磬ľͷоͷǾ֮ˣ֮Уôʲôʯ
ûҪƭ㣬ŵĻԼȥҡ
˵򣬾ľͷ
û
ã˵ģ˵ʯϣô飿
ϻ֪Ļͱˡ
Ҳ˵㣬֪ʯϵļأʲôдȥģֻǼţӵѪҺˣ
ˣҪŴǸʱ򣬱ܱ࣬ʯϣû˵̫ҲǼ٣ֻҪһϣҪȥԡ
ӣ׾֪ģҲȫһҪȥģҲǸطҵصķֻ˵ӾްҹѾĳط˷صĴǸط


1447 Ⱥ۽
콥𣬼ֻӥΧŰǵϿղͣķţѩıѩҲոӵңͺñȽһȥȫۼ˳ſڡ
ɵڣǵĴţǽرյģһӵҲûȴˣҲѵõдģûнţû˿ķ
˶ǿߣ໥֮ս˫Σ໥֮ɱ󣬿˵ǳˣڳ˼棬ûзκεìܣǴδİˣкҲȥԷһۡ
ǽ֮ϣӴѾչ˳ǰ˳֣꽫սף֤ݡ
λôҾõˣҰǣ˵Ǹ
˫ȭһὫЩ˷ǵΪԼ֮ϵģҲڣϾǹϵ˳ӷ棬Ϊµģòһ㡣
ȫ̧ͷȻѾ˳ˣţҲӦô˰ɡ
λҵʲôʱԽǣ
ʻģİǵĺӢһģİǸ֮սҲģ
Цһ˵û˵λܽǣ˭ģͿԽˡҶӦÿڳǽ֮ϣкܶͰҪǵˣÿ˷ŵǷѰɣڷŶ٣Ϳҵˡ
ҲɵϣҪӴ󣬵Ҳܺʹ
ӷȻһ۸һǵļ۸񣬿Ѷļ۸˵û˻Ҳû˻ٸ۶˵ڳЩˣɶЩݸλģʣǺ˼𣬵ж֮䣬һˣһͻΪȡӣŵĸࡣ
ǣֻһӰȫҲһĽٵĽÿһͰװ
ЩһɶǮѽ˵Ǯ˵ƨǣΪںġ
ڳڣĶѾһͨؿڣǽ˳ǵˣҲҪͨĶأĽǡ
ýǵˣѾˣһҲû棬Ȼ˰ǣͬɽĳУҲܵʱܲĵҩŶûȥ̫ˡ
λҰҰ¶ĹأԵıȫ±ܣȸλҪ뿪ʱȡ
ҪǮû⣬Ҫ±ʹˡ
Դ߶ԣңҲһ֣νڣһңǺûǻԴߵĵڶҪǽҶ²ܽǣǲ̫˵㡣
ȺΪ۶ҵļϲûдκεĲңȴ֪νġҲڣҪԼһʱ˵ʲô£ҪֿȭȥӦˡ
λС㣬ڰǣʲôְ²ҵĹأ˭ģ
Ķ˿Ⱥַ˼ҳе飬˵ڰǣκְֻΪƼ˵£ԣĿǰƼһ񣬶½Ρ
ûйְȴԽƼһȨζʲôȺǵ۶ǵִϣ㣬
λСڰǵݣѽôҪҵ²ңǿ²̫ܰɡ
Ÿ䣬ԱһŮ˵λǰĻɡѱܲμ֮ᡣ
ߣȻɣҲȺŮ
ȺѾжʮûԼŮˣʱʱɲżڼ棬Ҳϲá
ǰǶģ˵Ϊ˵ģӦءңЩˣ
Ⱥδ꣬ǰ˵үү͵ˣ˵
Ⱥһ㶣ԷԼĳƺͷӦ˹
ǡ
˵̫㣬Ѿ׼ˣĲý
һȺ֣Ⱥ˵ͷ֮󣬵һӣֻһѺڵС
Ȼǰ¶ĹأϷҲֻˡ
׼ĺڵĶĶԱߣһˣҸһдһֽȺ˵ֽ֮Ϊ֤ȡҡ
ȺһͷˣҲֻհˣܶĲңȻһģҲЩôصõģ˭ɵѽ
Ȼһ㣬ӷ粢Ǻ⣬Щ˽ңֻǸһˣ֪ڣ˭ˡ
ӢǼ󣬵ʵʦղŵһߣ񲻼򵥡Ҵϣоһּټ
ߣ۶ǣȺ
۶ǵִ֮һ
ûϼһΪˣûϵĳϷڶǰ͸ⷽϣмˢӡ
û뵽۶ǵִ϶ˣ⼸أ
ٳǿҪСģǣɱڵģǿɲΪϴΰɱǴ֮£ҲһҰ˵ġҲ˵һΣǴ󶯸ɸ꣡
ſߣǵˣѾ׷ǣ¶Ĺأһƻġ
壬ѾȺӺŽ룬Ϊ֪ȴϣӷĹȣͶÿһˣסʲôط˼ˣ֮Ϊһôľ磬ʮ˹ȶģûЩνǿ߷֡
ɱ֣еģɱˣǱУǱж˷ˣʣôȥɱĿꡣ
ϣǽǼˡ
ǳӿ֮߳ϼһǰûмǵһμɡ
곤ϰɣ
¡
곤ϣǳлЩɶչˣϷлˡ
ˣСΪ˴Щ˵壬ȴ˺ܶ飬˵ҪлӦϷлŶԡ
үүǸ׽Ļ͹ϲˡ
ɶڳˣͤͤĴˣֻϧүүڻûָݡģٹãͿԻصˡ
ŶүүѵǱߣѾжˣ
үүܿ϶ǵ۶ǵľӣѾʼˣ²ⲻĻεǵ۶ǣҪĳһˡʱҲ׼һ£ĿǰǵĻȫϣǵĻǾ취ðߣҲһ¶ˣԱҵ۶ǣһսͳɡ
ǳ̾˿Ⱥʵ곤ϣʲô𣿡
ǳ治֪ôش
˵үүʮ֮ǰ߻ǿԳڰ۶һѵġڣһһ䣬ˣ
ʲô£
үүΪڵİǣ϶ƿ͵СǾûǾ͸סˣƼǱߣҲΪ͵ĹϵʧȥһһƺХƼ˵һ겻񣬵壬ȴ˳ƶ𡣡
ͲµƺХ֮ӷйء
ôΪʲô£û巽㱨
үүҲ㱨治֪ô㱨Ǳƿס˰ӣǻõ㣬ͣͲ͡
ɶ˵үүеͿˣʲôֲ͡
ֱ˵˰ɡڵͣǸðƻͣ塣
£ͣʲôˣ
Ǵ˵еĴػߡ
ʲô
ȺȻ˵ɶ⻰ɲ˵
үүû˵ġڵͣһǰͻȻǣǼذǵģ
ǰ˵ϣС˵ĶġǸСӣгӷ磬ǴһģҲƾ㣬Ǵػߡ
ػߣ֮ǰ˵¥ˣǣħŮ׾ãҲڰǣѵǵĵػйأ
үүҪģʲô¥ʲôħŮȻػ߾ǰ¥ûܿ϶ݣܽΪõĻǶǵ۶ǽưԴ½ͻ°빦Ч
մػߣǿǸ˵еѽ
ǣǸǣͿôˡ
Ⱥһ£˵ţڲ֮£Գԡɶǧ򲻿ðգһ⣬ǸСӣԲ
ǣ֪ôˡүүյϢһ°ɣϣᡣ


1448 ǿߵİݼ
żһĲƲ˺öҶĳҤӣɵͷȴһա
԰ǵ㣬ҪرǹҪ֮ˣҲӹżĵһ°ɡ
ϣӴε飬У˿̵УѾɽ˺ľ棬棬ǰǵˣˣҲѾȫˣое۶ǵȺİǵĵӢ⻹кöݣȴżΪǿߡ
ԳӷڰеĹ۲죬ЩУûһǿߣֻ˵ĳǿߣһ׾֮⣬û
εУ˵Ӱ½ӷͲţЩǿ߲֣ҲЩǿΪһôľ磬Ҳûеﳬ磬٣ͨһε飬ӷȫ˽½ϵ֣ǱЩкܶڰеġ
ҶΪʱҲûķˣֻܸһȺ֮ڣȴĿʼ
߶Ѿ׼ˣһ鷢ܵһʱ佫ס
۵ʿվҶ˵
ţƳҪЩҩȿƳҪ˵涯ѾˣõЩҩҪģΪҪĿġ
ǣ֪ôˡ
Ҷ˫۳Χһɨӷ絽ʱδ֣Ҳ֪׾û᲻һ׾ôҩǿɾǼ鷳ˡ
ڣҶѾ׼ڳû˿ԶԸ׾ãҲѾʮİգܽ׾øѹ
治֪Ҷôİոģ԰׾ĳǿߣȻ뽫ѹס
ôͷϷҶߣһҲʱݡ
СֵſʱˣѾΧɢ˿ΪϰӲ볡ʣⳡУܿʼ
Ҳ˵ʲôϻӾǽ˼䣬˰һУǵˣ˼֮⣬ǲܽġ
ɵɣӷԭҪסǣҲ˵ǵһУڳӷģѵԼ׬ԼǮɣ׬ģȻЩһǮˡ
зǳǧˣи볡ȫ֮ҲѾվǰ̨ϣǷֵ壬ڳˣҡͷû뵽ˣǶһѽĽɫˡҲ֤һ㣬ǣ壬ʵ˿ˡ
νĿ⣬֪ˣĿǳˣԶܳɾʹµģûӵȷǸöǰҲԲȥģҲܹЩˣ˭ǾǴ½һʵΪưԵĵطأӷСֵطҲȥӵģΣ˭гӷǵأߣ˷棬Ѿҵˣ
λȰһ¡
˫־һӣڳû˵˽֮ȫŰỹδʽʼ֮ǰҲ˵໥֮ȥ̸仰Ƿϻ
ˣУ¿ҵĵһᣬһ⣬ڿʼῪʼ֮ǰǻҪһˣλеĻϰ壬μ͹ӡ
䣬ֻ棬һᣬ˰׹⣬漴ͼ⣬ͻسӰӰٶȶ棬գ֮䣬˾Ѿ˰ᡣ
Ϊ׹ĹϵӰӰӣӰӵ̬һˣһǸŮӡ
Ҷˣ֪ǰڵģһǳӷ磬ҲǼٵͣһȻǰ׾ˡ
ɿŰڵӰߵȺүүǰڵģһͣгӷ磬һ硣һħŮ׾ˡ
ŶСӵΪ治ͣϷ򣬸ղŶûӡ
СǸ̥û֪Ϊһôľ磬ȴ԰һˣΪ磬֮ǰİʱǣġ
Ϸ֮ǰͲţѾͷǳǿߣ֤ʵ㡣Ǹӷ磬ɲ򵥣Ȼ԰ǿߣǼٵģֶΣ½ûС⣬׾øСһ֣Ҳ˵׾ӦøСվͬһսϡ涯ǵҰˣ׾ãͽΪЩһجΡ
Ⱥһ仰û˵
ʵ׾֣֣ѾǺܶ˵جˣ
һߵĵʵʦ͵Ϊĳ񣿡
Ӣҡҡͷ˵һģһǰ׾áٳӦѾоһѹԵڳˣҲѾоˡ׾øһ͸һͷų˶ӣ׾ãѾˣȻġ
׾øˣǸô죿
°ɣ׾ȬҲһҪҩйء֮Ҫ֣İǣҲͷһ׾øϣһҲġ
Сǰ˵λ֮ǰҽǣǰ¶ĹءڣڣҲŹأصĵһλȫһݼ͹ӡ

ڳȫһݼͣ㿪ʲôЦҲЩ˶ʲôݣʲôݣǱ֣ѹüҪǰݼǣǲɵġ
ӣ㲻ǳԴҩ˰ɣ
£뿪ˡ
˵ʲô
˵Թˡ
㡭
йصģΪٸߣٶ࣬ǣҲġž棬ɡ
ӣ
ô붯֣ûӲĶ֣ҪֵĻʲô
ͻأӺİڣһ׹⣬Ȼ֮ڣתһȦ漴ַ˰ᡣ
׹漴һתǸҪ쭵ˣԼԸģǰ׹ѹ
ɫһף˫ۿİᣬһҲҶһ£ˣȫվ˭ָ鷳ģղƣҩûȤҪ뿪ˣҲ鷳㣬Ȱݼһ͹˵
û˻ɵȥҶԷԼ֮ϣȥ֮ԿǾɵˡ
ѹ˵ʧҲٴ˫ȭǲֲò£ݼ͹ӡ
úǰеߵˣǰЩǰģûߵķӣˣͲʺ½档
αȭȫݼ͹ӡ
ðɣĿȫǿѽǣȻȫݼӷ磬ò˵ӷ磬һҹ½ˣӷҲȻгưԴ½Ǹ¶ʱҪ¶ģһζأʱϣˣ


1449 ʼ
СֿʼģǾǴ½һ㣬ż弸еŮˣȫ˹һЩȽ¶·ЩŮˣǰ̨ص߶ţⳡոտʼۻҡ
żÿһŮ˵£νǶ˶ˣż˵һŲ̊ȥ˵ɺһǸˬѽ
һƽʱǺק𣬽죬ǳʲôǱӵĸо
̫ˣѵŮ˾Ͳ𣿡
¥ϰڵİ׾ÿһĻгȥӸʬĳ嶯ȻĿǰ࣬ϾŮԣվŮԵĽǶ룬ӵΪֱŭԹ
ûЩŮҤȥѾܲˣϣһĵġǸ磬ҵĻŮ٣ͳͳ
ѽҲ룬ʮ궼ôģվӵĽǶȥһ£ӷӵĻƹżһκεĸ֮ʣǰЩѹԼļһͳͳĨɱ
˵ħޣԭЩ࣬ħޣҪݶ
磬ǱȽϴˡʵһС֪֪Ǹ磬ǿߣµģΪǵǿԶչ˵ǰЩһûУȴŷԵģµģҲˣ㻹ҪǮ
ô磬ͳôˣӷҲ֪˵Щ˵ĻǸأݶڵУʱƣǵ̬뷨ܴᷢı仯㲻ˣ͵ű˳ԣ
˵ıȳĻôģһ棬㣬֪Ȼ
֪ģǸ磬ʲô𣿡
֪
⣬ⳡֽ̳̳ϣ㲻ȥصĻӭģǱ
ʲô𣿡
ҪộһвƽĴҪôݣڱ֮ǰȰѱ˸ǲܱסķ룻Ҫô̲ˣֲʸȥݣΨһĳ·ǾʰؼȥԼҪȵϰ㣡
Ǹ磬˼̫ˣ磬Ҫ£Ҳǹĸɡ
ԣô磬δֹһİͳΪȱһıһƣֶΡߣİĸǲʬȥģЩʬǵУԼĵˣͬʱҲԼѡ
ǣԼҲɱ
ҪƶȻΪҪģѣǾͽߵ󣬸һһ㹦֮ǻѡԼôλøλ档ЩΪԼ棬һгˣǣͽΪʬеһ֡
һʵۡ
ۣѣңȴкܶѣȫǸһѡҿ԰ҵǣͬҲǵҡ
ѵͲЩѳ𣿲ôһ仰ôҳϣΪѵʱ
˵ʱԽ㣬ѾǸˣ˵ĳߣЩӲѣѡɵϣֻῴǰһ棬Ϊ㣬ˣߣҲûãĿ⣬ģһ޴ˣ
治Ǵػߣ⣬Ҳ˲һ
ʵһֱ֪Ϊʲô磬дػߵĴԣ
Ҳ̫Ǵبžһ仰
Ҳ˵룬֪ģӦñǶɣ
һ롣
ȻҲ֪仰Ǵʲôʱʲô˵ĿģܲܽĻң
׾һ£ʵ֪
ȻΪǸ磬Ҳ˳Ҵػߣȴ֪ΪʲôҪңԼҲ֪ΪʲôȻͬ־֮Զ磬ȻͬĳƺţԲܻɺϰɣ
׾˵䣬λػߣ´ңųһͳŴʶ½˺ݺأ٣֮ŭ
䣿֪ʲô䣿
ĿǰҲֻ̫˵ξټ壬ȴ֪Ϊ˺¡
ػߣ˵ģң
֮⣬ˣӱ𣿡
ӷЦһûаɣ
´ңųһͳ
Լһˣ½ңͳһų
㣬ܿ϶ӷ磬ģ
ϵ꣬Ŵʲôϵ
˵½ĳһ죬һ֣꣬˵Ŵڴ½Ĳͬ䣬˭ܵõŴͿԳưԴ½
ŴǴģΪʲôķ֮һ
ŴǸبŴһڴ½ģҲû֪Ǵģʲôͳġ
˺ò˵Ұɣ
ǱΪֻѪҺŴ⣬ܽ࣬㣬Ѿ߹ˣ֪ĸĻȥǿʯ
֮ǰЩģһ仰ʲô˼
׾ñһĬ˵
棬Сֵ֧ᣬѾʽʼ
˱ǵ㣬ÿһ䣬˳ȥʹˣ֮Уĸоͬ㣬ûһĶ޷԰γ
һżŮˣһɫСӣվǰ̨
Сǰ˵λĺϷѾʼǳˡչڴǰģҪĵһҩҩҲ˵һƷ˳ˣഺ˳ˣԻϻͯڣǾͿʼҩͼΪֻƽ𣡡
ȿʼģȻ˵ģⶫڳܶ˵𲻵̫ãЩǳŮˣԣֻƽѾˣ


1450 ͵ѧԴ
ֻƽĻҩܱļ۸񣬽ټƣʮʮģǵ磬ȫĹ󸾣ҪͷˣǴ½˵ʵںЩģӦû
˵ϣΪһƷûҪʱֻڳ˺ҳ֡
ճˣȫתͷȥֻһԼʮҵŮˣλվŮһ£ѾͣȴǳʮŶʮΡ
ǹźǵɯ
ߣеģֻмˣܵһϳ۵ŮˣȻŴ½֮Ƶҡ
ǳ˵˵Ůȡ˵ľòѾȴʮҵӣ֪Щж¡
үүɯһԴߣԴҲʮֹġΪźǵִϣЩҲвսȴû˼֣ΪֵЩˣȫѾˡ
ң֪֪ģʲôԴ
֪֪ˣܰսڳÿһˣĵˣ˵۶ڡΪ˵ǻ֮ǾԲܵģһǾͻƫһӷĳ֣Ե۶Ǳߵ̬ȣ֤㡣
ҺųưȻռ½鱨ģǳں֮ǰѾȥ˽½飬ҲΪ彫õĴ㡣
˵кڰԴ赸赸֮УȴǵЧ㣬ĶмƣֻĶεģʵ磻ɯǿ˵ǣΪõġԴǲ߱κιԸƻԵģһǱǣǾͻᱻɯơүү㿴ɯЩˣÿһǿնģǱƵģҿԿ϶ЩˣȫǱɯǣΪ֮ˡ
Ķǳӷ֮ǰںĿֻʱ˿סɯȴõĿһˣʲôʲôֶΣν£
˵źǣһʿ˵Щʿһ֮һƬʬӣӦþɯĽˡ
˵Ļڰڵĳӷ磬ĺ
˵ô
СưˣֻЩ־ᶨˣŻᱻǡ㣬ǸɯӦ𲻵̫á
ӷ˵ͷôˣɲԼżᶨʶܵõɯԼڲ񷶦õԴͿΪԼĵƣΪպˡ
˵Դ£ڳӷʥʱѾõһףȴδлʹù治֪Դж󡣿ɼȻԲ񷶦ڵԴӷţҪ֮ǰЩʲô޵Ҫǿɡ
ôȤеĻȰǷΪǺڰԴǹԴߣһкڰԴ룬𲻵κá
ҲˣұΪԴߣͬʱʿĻ
ѽʿǿǺڰԴеĵڶڣ˺ڰԪصķԴߺڰƻ֮⣬ʿ˵ƬУڶڰԴˡ
ʿһƬ棬Ѫʹ㻹Ҫȥˣѵʿɱ治ɣ
㣬ӷȻȥʿͷһܷųҪųҲҪ׼׼ºԽʿѹȥ
ɳʿ֮⣬ӷ绹һͬԿһкڰԴǾǺӾްҹİҹ
׼ҽɡ
棬Сּ˳˰ֻƽ𣬿ˣҲɯˣİ˵ãȻû˸λС㾺ģҩλСˡ֮ǰҲѾ˵ˣУŹأݼ͹ӣǹ֮һڣҾ͸ߴңеĵڶءǾǣƷߣҪԼǿԴʩչһΡ
˻һȫڡ
ӣǲɵģ
ɯָСڣͺˡ
֮ǰ飬ֲûһ䣬ͱ˳ȥԼǻҩڱصѽ㲻ҪҩҩҲҪˡ
λС㣬ղ˵ʲô
ɯһ£ǲҪ嶯Ϊá
һԴ˵Դ̡ȻҪҽԴʩչǲ̫ǿˣ
СЦ˵λС㣬㲻Ҫ̫ˡҲ֪Щڰǵˣǳ٣͹ӻ˯ʮ꣬ڴ½ϵһУ˽⣬õĻᣬ͹ӣҲպÿԼʶһ¸ǿߵֺϷ⣬Ӧö֪ԴԵеģսϿãڵʱҲ޼ɵʩչΪʲôͲʩչءֻʶһ¸ǿߵԴˣѵǻ͵ѧɣλԴô׾ѧĵţҲȥѧһѧͻԴ˰ɡ
С˵һҲûʲôԴ˵ˣսɱ˵ģһʩչ±˸ѧˣʣ⻹Դ
ڳһҲеԼԴһñ˸ѧˣ磬ͬԴˣΪǿļ֣û˻ȥѧЩȽԴˡ
ɯһҲԣ˵еĹأرǺãȻҪʶһҵԴǾλ۾ϸɡ
һ£Ա̨СһֽС˵źɯϣ
ߺߣϻӣ㿴ˡ
ʱһ赸
ɯ̼䣬ûӰеÿһ䣬ŵˣڳܶˣȫһԺ漴ܶǻһֵ̽סɯ֮
ڱΪһƬڰڰ֮ˮɢɫĹˣ·ʧ˺ڰ֮УΨɯˣڣͣš
СѾվԭһζˣЩСס֮һʧȥң忪ʼҶ
ڣӷȵʱҲһԺ㲻ȥɯǶ㲻֮ڳӷ־ʮּᶨܿͽ֮ѹ
Աߵİ׾ֻһζĺžƣ֮𲻵κεá
ֻ֮һĹȥڳκ˵ġ
㻹ȾƣϰԴ¼
ô򵥵ԴҪԼ֪ȥѧһѽ
㡭
о񣬱Ի֮ԪϣǸɯͨȥѧԴɡҪסһҪ죬ʱ䳤ˣᱻֵġ


1451 ҵĿʼ
ڵ磬ЩԴߵǰҲߣԪ϶ᱻ֣οǴ½ôǿߵǰ
ȳӷֹ׾Ѿһƴ˳ӷıͬʱӷȻһԪͲԼĿƣ·ԪѾƿ˰׾õ
ǲǷˣȥᱻ˷ֵģ
ӷʵڰ׾ߣһҲԪɢ⣬Űᣬֵǣˣûһֵˡ
ģ½ܿߣˡЩһûǵȼ𡣡
䣬׾漴һ֣ӷԪֱӴӰڳ˳Ưİ֮С
ɯ趯ƣȫ˳ӷ׾֮⣬Уһ룬ǿΪӲѹסǵһˣȴѾȫζаһˡ
ȺǳҲֻȶԼͬʱɸңɯԴδֹ֮ͣǰҲҴ⡣
ӷԪڰ׾õƶ֮£ѾɯǰһڶĻӰеһ֮ǰӰȽ⣬ΪĻӰȫǴӰϻûģӷ翴ʮǰɯʵˡ
ʵӷͲ֪ᷢʲô飬Ӳ֪׾õֶΣԴʲôá
ϣڳӷѯʱԼԪ񣬾ȻֱӽɯڣɯΪһ塣
ļһȻָоԼԪ񽻻ĸоȻͬȴڴ˿̣ӷܵɯʩչÿһϸڡ
Ҳ̫˵ɣԼԪɯʵ϶ΪһͬʱɯʩչͺԼʩչһԼʩչḶ́ʩչķȫķǳÿһССϸڣȫļԺ֮С
ĺܣȻԼĸ߳ȥΧһҲ˵ǽԼľָ˱ˣڷָ˵ͬʱԷһоԴΪһ
ʱ䲢ǺܳңӷԪѾ뿪ɯ壬ص˰ڣҽԼ塣
ô
ӷΪ֮һһֲ˼ŸУתͷŰ׾ãŮˣλħŮԼУҪˡ
㵽ôģ
ڲʱʱֻҪ߱ղѧ˶٣
һɡ
ѾܲˡģԪʱҲ㽫Դ¼ˣֻҪлúڰԪصĻպ󣬶ʩչԴġ
Ԫ񣬸Ͳ߱κεĹԣѧҲ𲻵̫á
ûȴһָԵԴǧ֮𲻵ãڵԵ£ֻҪļʩչ㵽ʱĵ˱ǿҲԶݵһ¶ԷǡҪ֪ǿ߶Ծգ֮䣬ֻҪץסգۼĻᣬǸվŵˣĵˣͽĽ¡
ԣ׾ڰӷ磬˵ֻΪ˱ӷĻǺβֱһ㣬ӷԴ½ǲ̫ˡ
ΪʲôҪң
⣬Ҳ֪Ŀǰλãû˿ԻشҲԶܻشɡ
ӷ֪Ҳǰʣܶ׾֪ҲԼģڲ֪
ɯѾֹͣԴһֹͣЩܵӰ֮ˣȻͻָ־һɯŮ˵Դʵ̫˵㣡
ڲƴǾͳԿˡ
ǳ̾˿˵ղŵ飬ǳӷ簲ŵģʱ򣬽ڳһ򾡣ǽǲҲҪȥ˰
ܷʲô£ҪСһ㡣رԵĻһ뿪ȥʲô
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͵ѧ
ʲô͵ѧôܣСָղ˵ǰ㣬һԴôѧĻϣ˭Դûо԰սأŬҪΪˡ
Ҷ˶˵ӷСһˣȻǲ͵ѧġɱˣӷСһģһħŮ˵׾һֶԴǿԽ˵Դ͵ѧģԴлǽԪ壬ҽԪʩչԴߺΪһ壬ӶѧʩչԴľڣֻҪʱϵĺãǲᱻԷֵġɯΪԼռ˱ˣֵĻƽͿԵõഺȴ벻ΪѾӷ͵˹ȥ
ӷ湻ɵġ͵ѧ˵Դ½ļɻѽһ֣Ϊ½ĹС
½ĹУֻʱû֪ˡ
㣬ǻôҩһˣүүԴᱻ͵ȥġ
⣬ȺҲͷʹҩһҪص۶ǣ֪˳ӷĿģҪҩص۶ǣͲǮôˣ
СֵڲŷӦӻڲͣĻζ
ɯʵιӣҵԴѾʩչˣҩǲˣ
Сһᣬ˵ģġȥ԰ɡ
һǳɽˣͷϷڳˣȫС֣СɽżŲ̊˼Ȧ֮һŮˣһɫСӣ˳
λڣҪģεͷƷϴҩ
䣬ڳˣȫվУɱڣ໥֮ĵ⣬Ҳ̼䣬ȫչ˳
ҳʮֻƽ𡣡
ðɣС˵ۣѾԭļ۸һֻƽ𣬱ʮ֡
ʲô˼ϰ廹ûڣ˵ëļ۰ɡ
ʲôбµģѽ
ϼһǰɡ
ѵӻ㲻ɣֵģϴҩ־ڱصá


1452 й
Ϊϴҩǵ֮⣬ˣȫ໥֮ĿǰֻǶڣûж֡
ӷ֪ЩϵĹԶȲǵΪһ϶ӮˣǾͻתΪʵϵһԼⳡлᣬҲͲýˡ
ҩûȫȥϴҩڵڶλΪ˲Щ˵ȵ̫ãνĸߡҲм㼤ҵģ˷ܵģⳡᣬԵ̫̫û˼ˡ
Сּ˶˿̵ɲɵȥֹһֻϷı飬·ⳡᣬһϵûС
С֣ˣڵĳӷڣҲûгֹһĿЩˣһǿߣʱΪ˽Ͻøֳ棬ƲǰǽûУҲᷢ
ԣԶ̰ģΪԼ棬Ϊ˵õԼҪĶκһУԼݸλڡ
£ҲԿһ㡣ڳЩУûһԶģԶˣǾԲὫⳡᣬһҩϣǻֱӶƳЩҩˣӷλ͹ӡ
ѡ飬ΪΪؼڣ˵ʱ˭վڳӷߣ߳ȥӷ罻öԻɵģӷҲ˿ľܾӲܶԷԼõĿʲô٣֪ѡȷĶ飬պ֮ͼѻıȻҲڳӷϵС
ֻϧѽһԳǿߣǿģֻǵΪһӣСͷ⣬ԶԶġ
ǣЩ޳ܵļһԼɱھȻܹѪҩ
˵޳ܣѪǻҲһѵǵˣû𡣡
˵ϻõҩȹء
໥֮䣬ǵ֮ǰıڴ˿̣ȫԶصǵС
ӷǲɫֵôȣҲȥֹ
ҶǼȺ۶ǵִϣվȫվͬһλϣҶλȲҪл˵
Ҷ¸ûϵ֮ˣ㡣
ԣǵˣѾҪˣҶҲ˵ʲô
Ⱥһ˵һߣǰǣǵ۶ǣǿˣˣҶ˵ûãѵһȥ˵ԼɲΪ˵Ĺѽ
еıҪʱͻȻĴţһǿĿ紵ֻ棬һЦ˵ĺܶˣסˣеˣҲԵһЦԽΪˣȫϡ
ηǿߣ
Ҷ֮ǰһվԴſڣҪȥ赲Ц֮ˡ
Ҷ˶벻ǣ֮˻δ룬һ磬һЦѾҶʮ
ҶʱɫļΪ԰ףվǰһֻ֣Լؿڡ
ۡ
һѪҶ˳һ̣һĻˣòһ
ҶΪһôĽ׶ΣڳӷڣҶϣһǲʲô֮߱ڵģڸסʵ٣ҲõʥƷľɣٵΪ
ڣ˽ЦͿԽҶѪɼߵĲ򵥡
ʲôˣ
ӷ綼Ѿλվ˵ǾŴħܣǵΪûôߣȻǳ˾Ŵħߣһλǿߡ
˵½ϵļǿߣߵİ׾ڣӷ綼Ѿ֪ļˣ㻹ûģҲ֪·׾Ҳһϵĳġ
ڣ׾þȻҲͬӷһֳһʲô֪ӣ˫ۣĿĴſڡ
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˵ȸվմ½ֲ˵ֻξټ塣ңξٴǲ뿪ģһξٴ֮⣬ʵ벻˭ӵ
ξٴǾǸѾͷĸףǴ˵ΪξٴΣ
ЦѾξٴ
ξٴ֮ϣΪξٴȣΣ
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ӷ˫ķǳ󣬴ӶҪˣ
׾ϵ쾳磬ξٴͬΪڳֵˣȻξٴ֮ϣҲ˵ţһϵĳǿߡ
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֪߱½ΪߵģҲǼȫϵľ磬һˣģеĻ֪ܲ
ûһģҲ˵϶죬ѾǾǴ½ϵļˣ
Ϊ֮ԴҳһĿĽɫڿӷҪʧˣǿ࣬ȻǱȣ˵Ǳϲ㣬ѽ
ȻϵѾļޣ˵ǼһΪξٴ֮ϣ
ӷͣһ£΢ʲôζ
ǳӷ磬ˣѾŵζһֳζһ˾;öĵĳζ
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ĻȷʶԲܣǼһǰѾ𣡡
Ͳֱӵ𣬵˭
׾ڵɫЩ԰ףҶһҲЩһֲ԰ײǺ£Ҳη壬һŵĲ԰ף
й٣ɷ
ɷ¥ĺھʲôϵ
һǾ¥ĶңҲǺɷֵܣǰ¥һսֽɱôܣֻ꣬˹


1453 С
ȫת⣬ҶҲѾǧ弸ϷһԱߣȻԷԵƾЦҶˣֵģɼ˵ΪƾڳЩһϣֻķݡ
ͻȻĳǿߣڳһȫԭأеĲңҲ֮ǰеɱѾɢȡ֮ģһ˶ĵĳζһַǳرĳζЩɱ¾ʬ֮ˣڵһʱµֳζԴͷֻߣֳζڳĺܶˣϤʬ帯֮ɢĳζҲʬ
ʬ֮⣬˶˵ॵ໥ײģ̫񵶽֮ı
Ŀۼһ㣬ϣѾһڹ⣬ڹ֮߱ǰһĵҩɯҪǿ˲֪ٱ
ǺڰԪأҲ˵ߣһڰԴߣ
֮󣬼ˣ˸һΪߵΪµһľ磬ߵӣ˺Ļš
һһ׶İӣϵķ⣬ȴС٣⣬ͷۣƤΪɫû·ʹһ̿㣬ŽţһɫΧȫߣ޴һ壬Ҫ

ӵĳ֣֮ٲһǿˣͳͳȥ
ӸһУ˫ۣڳΧͣɨţ˫ɫ۾˭˭ͻûһ·ǿɷ壡
СͷҲ˿ЩˣˣȫСʹɫû취˭ⳡˣϰأˣһڳ˸ȥǵΪϰģǲǸó棬һ
СѽⰫӵӣ˶ģ˵һĳζˣȥкЩһйݵģִ˧磬ּһкҪԼ
СֵһֱԼǸ˧磬Ǵ˧ͣڣɲԸԼ˧ȥǰӴʲôк
룬ܶ飬ȻˣǾͱȥȻеϰ壬ǲôĿˣֻҪĹأǮͿԽ
СҧأԵģƴˡ
ιӣĲҷ¡
ۡ
ܶСֶ԰ӵĳƺ̲סԵĿˮǺˡ
㻹бӣҲС
ҽѱ£ҲĿǰľƣÿһ˵˭ûűѽ
СֻճѾˡ
Լ˵Щʲôѽ˼һǰԼͷҸϡòɣ
ٺ٣Ǹٺ١λӣУкιѽ
ҪСֵǿȥںô룬ȱסԼ˵ɣ֪Ⱛһĳӷ᲻֣ǳ֣ⰫӿǸһ֣ͽڳ˶סˣӷ磬Ķ
㣬ڸ˵
ӿˣȽϼ⣬˾Ͳ
ٺ٣Ǹٺ١ءҩģֵأ
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˫ѾתСİᣬ˫ɫ۾ͻȻһϲСǰȻһĻŵı֡
θգҵˣθŮգ
˵ϣСǰС֣ԱһԣģܻС֣ٲ
˼̧ͷİᣬӣڸ͹¹óǿߣ˵òҲܣôģֻһˣ
θŮգľգգһգۣѾȥգٸһλգ꣬һѡա

ڵĳӷһӰЩȫᵽǴ½ˡ
ѽǣлǴ½ĻΪһʦģ
ɰ׾ȴû˵ûȥİӣһܲͷӣ˫ȭյĺܽһȭͷͽӸ
ˣһ߳ȥ
׾һ£ͻȻڣ˾ŵӰ

ħŴħ֪ʽ˳ǣЩһɽ£ûˣʲôʱġ
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θգգѾգ͸һգǺܳĵգаΪУ¥ΪУҲհգĺܰգ
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˵̷գǼ޹գǿǴϣղûգɲҪҪգȻա
仰Ӧòκλɰɣ
̷Ҳٶ֣ڳû˸˵
ӷȴ뵢ʱ䣬˵С֣ˡ
ѽѽ˭գôĿա
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磬磬磡
˿ɶˣӷԼ˳
˵ħ޴ŮҲѽҸ޳𣬽ԩģбҪ
ոȥգĳСգȻҸŮգǻĲͷաա
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ڲöǼûõļһܹʲô
㣬һ˵ڰǣΣգ̸Ϲˡû£Ȼһǡ
ٷϻȿ˵
ӷһۣڸղŰᱬըʱ˳ִӰ׾ϣһ˿סԼǰ̨


1454 
ôЩˣӷɲɵǿԼĿҲΪ˱һظУպ뿪ǣս½Ҳʡȥٵ鷳ԣӷ˰׾һ˿Լסˡ
ʵ׾øղ˵Ǿ仰ʱȫˣȫѾסˣҲ˳ӷԼڡ
δ
ոȥģ
ԼôͳΪδˣ
Ȳ˵׾õݣĿǰ࣬ò˵ԼľŹùóһģһŮˣôѽޣޡ
ʲôʲôѽԼӵģڵ磬һ̣ǻѣֻĽ飬һŮˣóӷǣҶǵģΪǣӷ뾡ھǴ½չԼЩػȡԭԼԼҵ£ʱ̸ʲôŮѽߣһħŮĸԡ
Ҳܰ׾һЦǹҪóӷƣ֮ӷѾ鷳ѻǴ鷳
йٺɷǰѾ½ļһ˼ΪЩˣȫѾˡ
˵ɷΪĴ¥ھͬһҲһ϶ĳǿߣ
й֮ƣɼֶΣȻֺϷһʬζҲ˵ɱˣɱκ˶Ҫ࣬һɱ֮󣬶ʹȥģǸЩɱ֮˴һ˯һһ˯ʮʮ죬ܶʱ򣬶˯Ⱥʬ֮еģЩʬζƤ壬ʱ̶ֳζ
⣬׾Ҳ֪ɷǸڰԴߣΪǿԴǿȡµĵҲڵµʬΪá
ԼСһ㣬һʬǴо綾ģһʬ壬군ˡ
ӷֲΧЩˣȫȫ˵ǽǰûκһˣȥɷġ
ɷС׷˰׾úܶ꣬ò˵һǸաӦ˵Ǹգǰ׾¥һսɷΪ˲˺׾ãΪ¥Ķңֲܸ¥ΪУɱˣ¥ھڣΪѾˣȴû뵽ɷһﱾǸʬˣ˵ֻһΣʱԴʬġ
ǣɾϢ˵׾ڰǳˣԺɷŻϹģȴ벻׾þȻô˵棬Ƴӷδʣɷգܵס
찳Ҫɱա
ɷϵѾͷͣתţһҹȥҪĴǿ
ˣûһҶģãȫվ˳ӷǰ
붯ǹӣء
һɽؾֳ֡
ȡؾ֣Ҫʹá
ؾ֣
ȺӢкܶͱȽϴϼһе֣Ǵ˵еؾ֣û뵽룬Ȼд
ӣһǿѽй٣׶Ըһ֣ؾסʹֶΣ
ӷ˵ͷڵı֣ʮ⣬Ҳֻʱ򣬲ܿĳ˭ԼģԼ๲֮ˣԼҲԲǵģãԼûǡ
⣬еΧɢʮ˹ɱɱĳ֣ڳˣоĺʮ˹ɢġ
ӷЦһԼûʮ˹ȹѽû뵽Լ˹ΥԼ֤ʮ˹ȵģһġ
Ϊ쵼ߣҪ쵼ߵģǳģֻҪΥͲܸɫ
ʮ˹ȣ˭ġͳͳ¡
ӷ⻰һҶǵˣһû뵽ӷȻӵʮ˸ǿɱ֣Ҳ˵ʱӷƼִʱֵЩɱ֣ǳӷˣֵǣԼЩڰôãδ֣ڴɱ֣ӷôõģˣˡ
ʮ˹ɱȻʧʮ˹ȫȥˡ
ӷǰǰĺɷҲԼβô߶ѣˣԭ˵ǲӦôκѹģһΪʵǸߵĿ¡
һ£ԼүүԶɽʮǰΪ˾Լ̣ʧȥһҲֻ϶ľˣ֮ӷԵģ֮ǰԵĺɷ飬ɶүүԶɽǵȾѽ
ðɣôԵĳǿҲˣһ࣬һ٣ͷɡ
ӷɵ𣬾ԲɵԺɷֳǿߣȻҪκ˵İæû񷶦ʣӷôȥӦ
ɱӣǾͿûǸˡ
ǡǡôĿաû뵽˯꣬½ϣȻȿСաãµ
ɷе򣬳ӷ˹ȥӷʩչҪ㿪ֹѣΪɷûаѳӷϣΪӷֻǸСɫˡ
ϣӷһȻӴֱ˺ɷ󣬺ɷеͷˣҲѽ
Сգȥա
ɷȫɢֱӽԼӷ
Աߵ̷ħ˵㣬СǲǰƺõǼһ
ţ
ǲӦð
ãɷɱ
ܰɣҿСӵΪʥ磬ҲһƷѣɷǳǿߣΪ㲻£ôСӶɱˡ
ΪСӵϣ󲻵ĶǺھĻɱɷһͷ˲ˡ
̷ħǾֲ֣òԼĴ㡣
ȻɷɢĺҲǿʬųӷʱȻ޷ӷκε˺
ҡͷӷ˵һｵһӣ˵Ŀǡ


1455 
ϷδǷ۴½Ҳڶ͵ˡ
İǵĺӢ۾쵹뿴ӷ絽Ỵ̂Ȼһǿ߶ս
˵ͷǳ֣ǴΪɱҶȴҪθɴ˿ɼͶڰ˵ǳҪʦ룬һ˯˶ʮСӣΪʲôͻȻѹһľף
֮ǰΪҲĸ󻼣ڿĴ󻼣ͣǵȽɫλ͹ӵһ붼Ȳϡ
ȿɡ˵ںɷ»ǽǾҪеĻ͵ˡ
ҲİɡõϢһˣֵںġ
˵ǰʱڰ֮⣬ҴӾ¥󳬼ǿоǸǿߣ
ûܴӾ¥󳬼ǿ׽ߣɼˣĳǿߡû´ĻӦǴ˵еĴػˡ
Ӣϸһ£ٿ˳ӷ磬ڣһ뷨һַǳ棬ֲòȥɵ뷨
ȺǱߣûȺĻȺҲӢ뵽һȥڵȺѾ뷨
ӲΪҵ۶ãΪҵ۶ɱ
˵үү֪°ܽ
˵ʲô
Ǵǰǣӷһ֮ˣҵʱӷ磬ңӵǶ󲻵С档
˻òȺΪ֮𾪣ʵӷ磬С棡һ֮
ûȻǿЦĻҲԺŵġȴǾԵʵԣүүԵĻǵ۶ǣøӷվͬһսϡ
ܳΪһϵأ
㾡ȫ֮Գ֣κ·Ľɱ򣬸һһ·ǵʱùģǵ۶ǡ
Ҫȥɳӷ飬ûģ˵ڵĻҲûκε١
˿̵ĳӷѾһ˺ɷļϣһĻ˰׾֮⣬ˣŴħڣóӷ
㣬𣬾ȻӺɷǸûʲôֱ𡣡
Ҫǿȥ֪ˡ
ɷЦһɢĺڹ⣬ðĺΪһ壬һŨҵʬζڳ˶ѬԺӷȴһûµƵģһ㶼ȥںЩʬ
ڱ˵вڱ˵ȴԴ֮һ
ûˣӷʿĻȻûб仯ΪʿһаգյаʿѺȫӳҲ˵ܳӷնа֮ǰĶڵʬΪպʿѣ»
ɷ벻ԼʬȻԷȫˣ޷κεӰ˺Ǵδġ
ôա
ɷʬֹͣţûãɲɵ飬ǳǿߣҲþһ죬һþҪ֮ԴָҲ̼£ʱڳһվɱԼԼҲԲˣߣ
ɷѾʬȫջأӷ֣ҲѾ뿪ļ򣬲תߵ˺ɷǰ壬һҲûж
˵Ժɷĳǿߣ²ηʬҲӦվǰ廹֮ѽȻ˼һ֣Ϳˣ
ɳӷȴһ˼ûУĺɷǳûбϵʬζѬЦ
û֪ӷЩʲôɵ𣬾ȻЦĳѵΪӮһʥ磬ʥھ磬ôӮһǿߣⳬǿߵǿֶζãҲӦѽ
ˡ
ӷһ£ǰ
׼λǰλǿϯ
ʲô
ˡ
һķˣ˼Ҫɱ㣬ȻҪ˼
㣬ʵڿ͸Сӡ
ǿ͸ͲǴػˡ
ʲô㣬˵ǡ
šǴ˵еĴػߡ
ػߣ񲻾Ǵġ
Ŵħ֪Ϊʲô׾øղŻ˵Ǿ仰ˣԭΪ˴򷢺ɷ˵ÿһ֣ģ
ӷԺɷ˵ȻˣǾǱӵĿˡ²ĻɣҪɱӣԸµΪ˵Ӧòȱⳡɡ
գ
ܣûӵȷܹҲһΰˣٶһΣӿɲмȥܡ
ûӷȷܹһΣǴΣҲǳӷԸģǱ಻Ӳƽ󣬴͵Ǵ½ġ
ӷ緢ģֻõܵķݣԼԲˣǽδԼǰҲܡ
ȻӷɲǸӲͷƤҪΪӷûо԰յ֮£ǲֵģһ֣ҪµأǴ½ĸǻǱߵĽδģǺӾ޸ӣһ
£
ӷһ֣Ѿһŵӣڷǰ档
ãܺãͷʹûгǿΪãȻԶѵһҪɨسŲɡ
ĿʲôΪʲôҿ㣬ҵһΪɱػ֮һ
С֣˵ҵĻϳλһĳǿߣ򣬾û뿪ǡ
Сʯͷţѽǿѽѽҵżѽֳǿߣڶûƨˡ
ʵ˵ˣɷԼûӦҲǰûӷɣ֪ԼҪɱȻԼҲ̫ˣ
³ƣԶǳӷŵ㣬˲²͸͸λڲ֮أ٣ڿʼӷ粻ԼˣҲܲ


1456 ı
ӷ磬㵽ʲô˼
׾ںǷŭɷ˳ӷ磬ӷὫߵģȴϣӷ粻ûиˣǽɷӣѺɷ˹׾᲻ŭ
صڵĳӷ粻ɵһЦ˵㻹˼ʲô˼ҵʲô˼뺦ǰɣ㣬ŶûУ
㲻ˬһˬء
˭δˣҸɲǺ죬Ҫ˶ΪҳӷȢһֻħޣ
ã֣·ʲô£˵㡣
˰ɣ㻹ңѧһԴ֮⣬ʲôˡڰǵĻøʵһ㣬򣬾Ϲ
㣬㡭
׾ˣδ˵żôһҲᱻɱڳӷ磬׾һ۶ûС
ʼɻ͵ѧЩһԴ̫ˣ׾ӣĻٰӷ硣
ӷڵĿ꣬ѾԴˣɷǿԴʲô˵ˣ񷶦ڵԴӵԼҪж٣ֻΪˡ
СѾʼ˵һƿϴҩϵģ۸ԶԶ˳ӷ籾ϣ̥ǵҩͨ˵ȷһǳ˲õıѽ
Ҷ˲ǺأʱѾ˵λãϣҲȫעɷϣ֪ɷ᲻ᵷңˣȫһҶ
ʱˡ
һʿװҶ˵
Ҷȴеԥʵ𣿡
´ǲִеĻǺǶе𡣡
ô˵ϷҲǰǵĳҪֻ˰ǣȫǵˣʵе²ѽ
Ϊ˵İҵǣˣҪӦúÿһˣǸеٮٮߣħʮħֻҪܽʮħȫħͽȺףҲԳʱħ壬ٽ𡣡
ҶһЦԼڰô꣬Ҳ֪ԼݣͲǵһԱӲǵĳΪ˵İҵǣһҪ𣬵ʱ˽Լ͵ǣΪ˵ȴᡣ
Ҫԥˣǵ˶Ѿ׼ˣֻҪһ£Ǹˣ̼䣬Ϊҽ
ҶһڳЩˣʵΪʲôǰǣΪʲôĳУİţǲǻʲôĿģ
˵ĿģЩµȥ²ġֻ֮Ҫ˵¾Ϳˡ
ǺðɣȻ˶Ѿ´ǾͱִУϾЩ˵ȫСȫ˵㲻ΪԼǣҲҪΪǵĺǡ
õġȰһǾͿԻȥˣʱҲһǵļȫˣյԼٹʴ½ϵκˡ
׼𣿡
ǵѾڰΧֻҪһǳǿߣҪ뿪ǣ̫ܡѩɽᱻΪƽء
Ǻãھ뿪ɣ˶ûǣ򣬾߲ˣ
䣬Ҷˣ˳У˵֮⻹вˣЩˣڸͲע˴гģôС
֮⣬ʮŸ֪ʲôʱɫҹ֮ǰɰƬƵҹ֮УԵĸƽ
Ҷ˳ǣ֮ĶʱѾʮڵȴˡ
Ҷʮ˲ƽ¼˳òҲͳҶΪ
磬һж׼ˣʱ
ڰôЩ꣬У٣ڼָ飬ҪֽǸˣȫɱ⣬˵ʵҶһѪ֮ˣеԥġ
ԵĻϷ治
磬ûʱˣһˣҪ뿪ˣһȥҪٽһ󾡣ȵ컹ˡ
Ҷ˱۾˵Ǹıң£Ҫҳһƥߣֻһˡֻϧѽͣ㲻ҪϷϷҲɼи׼󡣡
ǣ硣
аڣӷͻȻ֮ķǳ죬ɫҲĲ԰
׾öڳӷ罫ɷǲˬ˵ӷ缸䣬һתͷӷڵɫ;е㲻Ծ
ôˣ
ӷһֻԼؿڣԼԽԽ죬ԼҲ֪ôԼ౾ܽѽѾģòᵽǴ½øʲôಡ֮İɣҲѽԼ࣬ڱӾʮһ̴˱仯񷶦ˣ˵Ӧñκ˶Ҫǿôأ

ӷ㣬׾ҪӷڵӣֲȥֻܸСƵģ̷ħǽн˰ᡣ
ӣʲôҪҡӣɫôôѿ
Ҳֻ֪ͻȻܲƽӣ񽫻ʲô·Ƶġ
£ѵǸӣҪˣ
ϵɱѾȫȴӦò
ǻʲô鷢𣿡
Ҳ˵ϴˣڵ۲һ£ûʲôƽﲻͬĵط
ǣϾȥ


1457 ʮ֮ս
ɷһֱ̧ͷİᣬССĸӣҺڵƤֶնյģ˵һûʬζĻͦɰأ
ħľŴħ¥ĺھ֮⣬½ϣûκһˣ֪ɷ׾֮䵽׷ʲô飬Կ϶ǣɷһֱһԸʣħŮòǣῴϺɷأΪٸߣߵ϶۷徳磬׾Ҳмȥһۣ
СߵۣѾԽԽˣƿϴҩʹĳӷ缸ӵ½ʮ֮һĲƸЩӷҪ󻹲˺һڣӷҪģǴ½һĲƸֻҪƹЩƸ͵ƹ˴½һľøݣʱܸķڻû֮ǰӷ͵Ӯһ롣㣬ҲΪӷϵɣڵ磬һɵйļ壬ûһĲƸƳҲܳΪηĶ
Ⱥֻʡһƿҩˣ֮ǰĵҩˣͳͳʩչΪǿԴٲ۵Ļǵڵ۶˵͵ڰһˡ
ܲôˣȺֱʼۣİǱߵĺӢҲʱվһǵ۶ǵִϣһİǵִϣ໥֮Ϊͬһ໥֮ҲͬһһǺĲˣԻֵġ
۶ǣϣǶ겻ˡ
Ӣ˵棬ȺݣôӢһ۾ϳ
Ⱥ֣˵ڳϳԼĻҲΨһӢĪˣԼڽʱҲע⵽˺ӢĵӢһģɾİǵٳǸҪӣּΪճĵ
֣Ҳжʮûˣû뵽
֣ڿһƿϴҩˣѵϷ𣿡
Ҳ˵ˣһƿϷٲ۵Ļ񲻵ڰһˡ
ǵ۶Щ̣½κ鶼ܣҲûκһΣϣȻܵİҩǲ˵ǵ۶ǣѾˣ׼һˣ
Ӣģǵ۶ǵѽֳϣȺôϣģԼֲǵ۶ǵĳûʸ˵ֻ
ӷϼһĶԻ֮ǰԸԼ˵ĻǸȺӦǿүүˡ
û뵽үȻͬʱۼ˰ǣ˵ܽǸǵ۶Ƿ棬ҷ棬Ͳˡ
ɳӷҲɵֱȥ۶ΪУڣûǸ٣õ۶ǲԼΪаɣɣҲǿ֪ԼݣҲ֪ԼǴػߣǵ۶ǣɵġ
ϼһһƿϴҩʱڳ֮ˣȫվ
͡
ͻأ˴˳ӷţ˶еĪѵ㻹ϵɡ
ӷһ仰Ҳ˵Ķȫվǰ̨ϣһ̣ɱЩһʲôҲѾˡ
˭˭
еĴһ֮ˡ
һͽ֣ѵǰǣ浱ɵϲɡͣϷ㣬ǵĺֲϣǲǱɱ
ӣЩһһͷѽ˵ǼǲͷϢҲͨģҶ֮ǰɱǴеǲûţڻ֪ʵɱ˵ģǳӷ硣
ͣҽɳǵĽëϣǲҲɱ
ͣĳǵĳϣҲְɡ
ǵ˷׷׶˰ڵĳӷ磬ÿһеıٴ˳
֮ǰҩʲô˸ˣʱѾҪˣΪĺϷڲſʼ

ӷһЦߵѾûдİڣˣϵ˿Ҳûû˿ĵӷò
ǱɱȣΣ
һɵɣѵǸղûɷֳǿ߶ԼƾǣЦ˴ġ
룬ӷףɷԼΪԼʿݽסˣ˵ǵҪһֵĻԼܽ񷶦ܵκε˺ҪͬʱȫɱҪƵԼƿȭУ
򲻵ʱӷ粻ѡһ֡
ܺãҵҲ嫡ͣ˵ɣɱҳǳ֮£ôǲӦøһ
Żˣˣӷ绹Ǻֵģȶ֣ȴõҲҶ֡
ԣڳ˭ܽ˱֮ĻǱӾ͸һĽǶ֮ǰҪȾһ¡еһӣӿɲѪӲҵͷԵĻˣУһӪҵ
ӷһ˵ѾǻȥⶼˣЩһȫǵٶ࣬ܵеĹһɷɷвͱԲѡ
ȻǵˣϵĹڷԽǵΪ˭ûж֣ȺӢ۶Ǹİǣ֮ǰһûһˣְȫ뿪˰ǣȺӢҲûкˣⳡˣԵĻֱӶҩˡ
Ҳʱ򷵻Уڵ˰ᣬ˵ӣûκ
鲻õģЩһﶼЩ޵󱲣ûһҶֵġ֮ǰָоԽԽǿˣһΣУһΣСǣȷûκ״𣿡
ӣѾ˽ȫǸһ£ȫˣۼ棬ûκε
ӷһ£˵˵ȥһ¡鲻ùܡ
ǣӡ
ٴ뿪УҲҪκεĵģӷһӦǻһ׾ãŴħŰ׾üȻѡߣӷ־һӷΣգǲ᲻ܵġ
ǵĴȫָӷ磬ûһ˸Ҷֵġ
Ω²ҵȺӢȴ˹ʶ
Ӣ˵ǵˣԽϵԽСˡȻ֪ǵĴǱɱǻʲô
䣬ӢԵ˵ٳһǶǰɱ͡
á
Ⱥ˵ɶǶǾͽεĻᣬСӽá
үү˼ǣǰӷ磬Ըǣ
ǶԸģֻİǵĺӢֻҪСӽİǵ˵ֵˣͲʲôˡ
š֪ôˡң׼һ£˫˭ȶ֣ڵһʱ䣬Ӣ
λʲôһͣѵôɱ𡣽죬Ϸʹͷȡ֮׼ߣɱ͡


1458 ȫ1
ֻǺܶ࣬ܵʲôطУдĵˣЩ㲻˳֮ˣҲһС֣Ƿֲǵ˻ѵļһ
׾ãôһˣ֮ǰڳӷΪѾǲˣҪɷߣȴϳӷὫ˸ð׾ɱ˳ӷĳ嶯ΪҪˣһˣӷǹؼڣܶԳӷ֡
ڣ˵ѾβӦ˵ǵһߡߡҲһʽֻƷ˳ӷ籾ˡ
ļһû뵽Լٰᣬ󣬾ȻԼƷڳЩˣһ󲿷ֶǵģÿһ˶ԼɱΪǿҵģǣҲòȥһİǣͷҲǰǵģڵ۶Ǳߣӷ绹ҿ϶ǻôɱϾ廹ǰǵˣǳӦòᵱô˵棬תǹͷԸԼɣôȺҲпܻѡԼһѡ
ǧǼƣһʱҶֻϧҶӰҲˡ
ڣǵļһ׼֣Ӧ˵Ѿеìͷȫָ˳ӷ磬ע˵ģҪֹǾԲܵģȻˣЩһܵҰǾͱЩΪ˼ҵĲˡ
ôĵӣƾǼһҲǰɱˣǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
ڣǧ弸ʱҪάǣǰӷ磬ʵҲ޲óӷȴʱ
ӢЦȻǵѶɱͣİǸͷϷȻǰǵġͣɡ
ӢΪ˶࣬Ϳڴ˷ɲİǡ͹ĪţϷԵС
Ⱥһʱ͸ǵվһɸңһʱֱ
û뵽Ǹӷ绹ûȺǸӢǣȸˣҲóӷ˴ϢĻᣬЩһ첻ǵɫǻ浱ֻˣɱǰɡ
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ھһ죬ӷȫеȫɢ˳գۼ䣬ڶӷ磬Ⱥ֮УˣΪ֮һô͡
һȺ֪ļһЩһ޻ء
ӷ£վ͵ļϣӷ磬һһ£֮Уû˿η壬ǡӦ˵߳ǵļһȫɵۡ
׾øŴħվڰڣһУ̷ħʵ㣬Ϊʲôͣ
㣬׾Ҳ֪ô£ӷ磬ѵ֮ǰԼѪҺĳӷǼٵģԼ޷ǵѪҺģֵĳӷ
Ҳѽ˵ΪػߣŻصأͽʿĻˣˣͰ첻ȻʿھǴ½Ͳκһʿģ
ȿ˵
ӷ粻İ׾ãҲûԸЩһӲҪ׾õֻҪɷвһȣʲô˵
ɷλϣһֱڵİ׾ãһҲûȥҲûȥˣӷڣ·ڳ飬ûκθϵںģֻа׾ã
֡
ӷһ֮еĴѾ˹ȥ
顭һڵҳһӣȴûҵˣĿǺӢһʵ̫죬ʥ۷ľ磬ʥڰƷľ磬һƷ֮䣬֮
ĶеĺѾֻϧѾǵļһסû֮ΪߣЩΪߵļһ㣬ǳ
Ǹպʱ򷵻أһᣬͼѾˣǹܲô࣬һʱ䣬嵽ĶǰеؾֻĶȫֵ˹ЩһĳޣҲǵĳ֣ȫתƵǵϡ
ޱվڵϣĳӷ磬û֡
Ǵ˿Ѿվ˳ӷǰˮҲѾ˹䲻࣬һһ
С档һɱһ
ӷһС棬СԵֵЩ˵йǳǿߣڶʱ֮ڣ޷ͻƳӷС棬˳ӷ
ӣҪսپ⣬¡
ǽ˵˳ӷؾûвκε󷨣СطôˣҲû᲼κ󷨡
һ˵鷢ӷҲ֤ʵԼֲģʵʲô£
ǵɫļΪѿشҶ
ʲôҶ
ûϲģȻڳⲼ˺󡣡

󷨣ӷδţˣȴ´󾪡
˵ⲻܣΪʲôҪ
Ŀǰ֪ڸʲôҲ֪׼ɡ
ǶԼĻҪ׼Ը⼸ǵˣҲҪǿѽ
ǧ弸ȫ˵˳ӷߣǧ˵͹ӣǱҪ˳ȥڸʲô
ǣ㿴ǳȥ𣿡
͹ӣڻ㣬̳ȥҪ֪һǱ˵ǰǣѩɽΪƽصģ
˵ʲôҶٳǣ
ҵȻܿ϶Ҳųȴӵо޴ģһǾҪΧһУΪ˱ǣԸЩһĻûҪºҲѾʧǧ꣬ôõģ㣬Ϊ
ûӣ󣬲Сӣһ˿赲ǳǿߣһܴӺġ
ӷһͷ󣬸ҪɱԼģЩˣҶ˵ҶǴ㽫ڵȫɱ⣬ΪΪʲôҪ
ôأӷֵĺ߳ǵļһƲΪ£ֹͣɱԼ뷨ǿҶôܻɱɵ¡
׾ãûУɱȥ
˵߳ǵ˲Ҷ׾ãҲ
㵱ɵѽ뱾ְ㣿ԣȽǰӸ򷢵
Ůˣˣ㲻֣ɱȥɱһѪ·ȥ֮㲻ҪңֱȥƼ壬ƶ죬ȫоӣԸĻֱӽƼľȨҶˣҲƶʲô
ǣӣһġ
ǣˣɱȥ֮ɢˣǾۼһ𡣲Ҹǳܰæģɢķĳǽ֮ϣͨˣȫһؼҴţ˭Ҳš
ã֪ˡ
ǧﳤϣǼ汾һɱȥҶڸʲô
û⣬죬ȫ͹ӵָӡ


1459 ȫ2
ӷڿɹܲ߳ǵ֮ǰóӷһΣС
ӣҶʲôжˣҲĿΪΣǧ˵ǰǿĻǣҪˡ
Ǵ½ĳӷѾǵԼķԴ֮أҲ￪ʼԼɽĵһ˵ǱˣԼԽ񷶨ܵκε˺֮Ҫȥĵطչ̫鷳ˣûһݸλҪһдͷʼǾͱʱȥѻ
УǻˣӲðڵȫ⣬ȻԼ֮ǰһУȫ׷
һ·ɱȥǧǼΪӷ翪·ӷ绹ǷǳɣѾ߳УǧǼҵˣνأ֣߳ȫǿߣǧǼҵ˵ûе֮£Ҳ൱ġ
վס
ҸɼںӢ׷˳ȥǱ뽫Ⱥ͸סӢİǵˣ޷ȥ赲ӷ·
ңϴɱ㣬죬ûôõˡ
ȻתҸɡ
ҪӲΪ֮ϡ
ȷΪҸ֮ϣҪӲĻԿ˭ԡ
Ҫģ赲ס飬޹أҲΪ˽˻ᣬӷ罻ã㲻ܳΪͬһսϵѣٲҪΪԵĵˣ
˶Ѿɱ˳ȥ׾ÿɲ֮ǰǰˡ
㣬ǺѽҪҪæ
̷ħʵ
׾һ£˵ڻ˽֮²Ҫ֡ȸȥҶڸʲô
㣬Ǹղ˵ҶѾ˺󷨣ֵܵס𣿡
һѾ˺üǧˣѵʲô֪𣿡
ǵȻֻ֪֪ԴΪֵܷסף
˵ǱǺھ飬һ֣δܽ׸ֵ
֮ģ㣬ǻ뿪ǰɡ
쵰
顣
׾һŽ̷ħߵڵأ˴ħȫ͵Ц
һûõĶô꣬ѵһȺٸϻȫȥҶǣһдֹۣ
̷ħʹĴӵվͷ˵ǣһжġ
ĺɷ׾ˣվ
գԴ뿪ա
ž
һصİƣ˺ɷϣһԭת˺üȦ
Զأҿ岽֮ڣҪ㹷
գ뿪岽գȻðҵ㣬Ͳգһӣա
׾úΣһǰû취ΪͬһҲɱֻܱܿˡ
ˣճӷͨˣȫؼȥˣˣȫǷɵķǽϣϳǽ֮Ѿӣڳ
ÿһϣǿҵĵͬʱҲʼۼ˺ƣ׵磬вͣš
ѵģҶλǵĳڳⲼ˺ҪǸڵˣȫɱˣ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ
ûܽͣҲû֪ҶĿΪʲôʲôôųҪݻٰǣ𣬻ɵˡ
Ƽ壬ǾٰƺХɥ񣬶飬ƼǲҲʣôңҲƼ޹ϵƵġ
ֱҹеƣѾɢһƶ´󾪣뿪á
ͬʱƼ֮˵ֱӳ˽
ƶҡ
ôĵӡ
ƶպ߳ãĿԡ
ƶ죬ϵȫǾֹҶ
ں˵ʲô
϶ڻʲô֪ҶѾڳⲼ˺ҪݻУɱˣ
ʲô
ƶɱ˴󾪣ʵ֮ǰѾã뿪ǣȥطչˣǣҲѾݲԼƼˡ
ڣȻ˵ҶڳⲼ˺Ҳ˵Ҫ뿪ǣ̫ˣ
ףӣ˵ġҹеƸе׵ѾԭĸǷλе׵磬Ҳ޷ԤƵ׵磬һ¾Ƿ½˳ܵסѽ
ƶ˵ͷ˵˺֮⣬ʲô׵磬߱ǿӣҶҪ췴ˡ
Ƽ췴췴Ǻ˵Ҷ췴Ϊһ֮Ȼ췴е㲻˰ɣ
ٷϻҼҹƼ岻µĻǽ죬ҾͶƼľȨ
㡭
ƶ˵ƿı䡣ڲʱɱ࣬ɱ¾ֹҶ
ǣס
˵ڳѾĻ̻̣ȶġƶ죬ɵָá
û⡣Щҩˣô
ڸҼҹӴǧǣѾڶԸˣٶҪ죬ˣӦ֪ôĺ
ˣǰˣͳͳ⣬һӷ֮⣡


1460 ȫ3
ӷûʱ߳ǵģҪȥֹҶ߳ǵȴһ·׷ӷ磬ȻѾӣƼ˹߳ǵǿ̫࣬ȫЩʥԴߣҪ߳ǵֵССİڰڲƣͲ̫ܣ
ˣҷΪɱ
浱Լ˲ѽѵӷ绹ǲɣ˻Ԫ֮һսɲģһǣڵˣɶ군ˣ
ʱ򣬳ͻȻ⣬ΪʮŵγϣҹǺе׵磬Ϊһ塣
顭
¡¡
·صÿһ˵ﶼʼë߳ǵҲʱȫֹͣ˶Գӷ׷һվſڲԶ̧֮ͷҹա
ʲô£
ɶ˴ңһһǳǰ׷Ҳ˵ûʱ˷ɸҵϣӷ粻İǣһ޴в
ӢȺҲѾֹֽͣţϼһҹգ໥ţ飬ֵļΪţ
ѵǴ˵еġ
֣ڲǴʱпǡ
ǳһּǳ֮飬˵ĻȨ
Ǻ󣡡

˴󾪣ôܣôܻǺǵĻʲôˣµ󷨣ʧ˺üǧĴѽԽǣѩɽΪƽأ֮أ¾Ǵ½ϵгǿ֣δصֵס
Ⱥ˵Ǻ󡣺֣ΪڻҪ𣿡
ԺٴȥǸûʲô
Ӣֲɵϣڸôʲô
νúǰ󣬺ӢѡģǸϽ뿪뿪ǣ뿪ѩ
ٳǾԵס뿪
Ҫ뿪Ѿ̫ˣ
ֻҹе׵磬ǺףѾ
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һǺܴ׵磬˰⣬ѩɽ֮ߵһ޴ıϣʱ䣬ǿ޴ıΪ˷飬ѩɽҲΪ֮
ˣѾǸͲķΧ֮ڡ
⻹ǺףֻǸǰˣǳ˵
ǰ࣬ǰ࣬Ѿ߱ǿˣĺǾֻһˣ
ڸô죿
ǳûа취ֹ󣿡
Ѿĺֹܽͣ
ֹܽͣѵȫǵˣĵɡ
Ƿ˵ҶµģǵͬʱҲ뽫ɱ⡣ҼҹѾɱȥֹˣȻҳǡ
ûȺֱͣӷɳ˰ǡ
ͬʱƶѾƼǵľӣӲͬķ
곤ϣֹ̳Ҷ
Ƽڰɥ£û뵽ƶȻʱҲ˵ԡ
ˣ뱻ģϳǣҲлᡣ
׾ŴħѾ˰ǣڰ֮У̷ħһָǰ˵㣬͡
ϹȥףɲǼٵġ
ǡ
ӷǧ弸ִϣһǣҲѾҶڵλá
ҶΧʮʿڱΪҶ󣬿˵ѾһˣҪգԲܡ
ԭһƬڰΧΪɢĵļΪҶˣҲѾԼ߷ɹ
磬˹ˣ
Ҷϥ˫ִͬķӡ󷨵һ
һģһ͡뾡һа취Ǹ赲ֻһߣͳɹˡ
áˣ
ӷҶ˵İ֮أ£ǰ󷨵Ҷӷŭˣ֪Լʲô𣿡
ͣƾ㣬赲Ϸġȫˣһȥɡ
ҶΪΪʲôҪ
Ϸ飬Сܡ
ȻˣΪǵһӣΪȫ˵ҲҪһܡ
Ϊȫ˵Щڳӷ˵ǲݽ棬ӷģֻԼڰǵ𲽣ԣҪ赲Ҷ
ǧﳤϣڲҪӶ˵ҶǰˣһκֶΣɱ
͹ӣЩСɫͽǰɣһΪĪ⣬Ҷͽˡ
ЩϼһҲɵӣȻҪͷ֮ǰ˵˽һ͹ӵĺôҶȻǽȥҲ˵һģ͡
ӷЦһЩϼһ浱ԼǺˣǻƻǻԶŵء
һҶҪɱкѵģףͿȻģ񷶨ܷе׵ȫսȥ


1461 ȫ4
ʱ˵ʵҪȥֹҶҲѾˡ
󷨣һͿȫһȫǾӣȲ˰ǣڵˡ
ɲô鲻Թ֪вУϳӷ󷨣˽⣬֪˵ĵԴ˵ǿ󷨣Ҳ𲻵κõġ
ƶ죬мǵȫ˹Ҷ˫Ѿһӡƶ캰ʲô˼
ͷ˼ҶҪˣϼһѵΪһҶɣ
Ƴϣⶼʲôʱˣ׵ûˡ
ǳѾ׼ȥˣҶһֲȫ¶ġ
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ΧеķޣЩ˳ѩ򣬵ûԶħޣŵĴܣˣԴ˵֮£һη塣
ӷǰ˵Ҷ֮ĺǷ񵽴˽
ѽӷҶǻкҶ֮ǰһԶĿסǣԶĳûô̵ʱıע⣬ֳѽ
ΪһһЩӦʱǾһŲɸ˵ԭ
ҶΪʲô
ͣ죬ˣҪҪϷҪֵĻ͹ãҪֵĻ͹û¸һʲôᣬҩǺ˵Ҫԭ򡣡
ҩ
᣿
ѵҶΪӷҩⳡ
˭η˱ӵҩ
ӷѾ²⵽һڱָʹҶģҪɱӷ磬еҩͬʱҲκһˣõЩҩ
ڰڣû˿Ա֤ҩ䵽˭ǵĵˣ˭ܱ֤˰ǻᱻ˶ȥôȫǵɱ⣬Ϊȫġ
ӷ̾˿ӣ˶Լҩɻ䣬ŻҶģѹҶô̵ʱôı仯ҲԼˣӲҪˡ
½˾¥ξټ壬а׾֮⣬˭дҶ˵η壿
׾ãܣħħԼԼ
¥ѾȥҰ֮ȥˣὫעڰߣѾ֪ҩ飬ΪλҪ磬ֱӽӷҩ֮ǰȥˣӷŻ֮㵱ʱҩδ¯ҲԴڰǵţⳡῪˣ߽Ϊһ¥
ڷʲôңû֪ǸӲܹˡ
壬źƽٳǵΪ
Ȼһħ壬ǾǵҲڰ֮ڣôҶΪʲô˰£ʲôˣڱָʹ
ѵʮ֮⣬½֮ϣеʮķ
ܣУҲǳӷԼⷽһȫµҪҲǳӷһ˰ǣȥʮģʮӷһŽʮ֮սٶһЦͲʮ֮սˡ
ӣʮ֮УĳЩˣĳ˵ľҰģҶΪһЧģΪڵЧġ
ôȻҶѾֲҪ飬ô֮ܽ˸˵أ
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ҹе׵磬Χˣȫ˷磬ҵطڻһ׵Уͱˣ
ͣϷĺѾ͸ȫǵˣҩһȥɡ
ӷȻ̧ͷļһ׵Ȼİ׾ãиڰ׾֮ĺɷðһ亹͸˵ˡ
ˣȫ˻سȥ
Ǳߵ˽е㵱ɵѽ˻ȥǲҶҪɱǻԼĳУûʲôϵˣɽ
ߵ˸һϣһ׵ǣ
飬顣
ˣȫ׵֮£Ѿˣǲ˻ذǵ³ôˣ
ҶѾˣ׵ķλǰǣΧһУݻ٣ǽеȫлὫ׵ֵסǵУʮ֮һ˲ҪȥĵطһܵĻǾͱֱûˡ
˵Ҷѳǣȫס׵˿ɵҽ飬͹ӣ֮λȫǣֵס
ʱ˭ͷ˭ǵһģóӷȫǣûȥ˵ʲôҲû˻ȥʲô
ãھͳȫǡҶͺ˻سȥ
ƶɲһӷҪ顣
ӷҲû˵ˣЩУģûֵס׵ģԼŲ񷶨˵Խȫ񷶨ڣֻҪܽΰǵΣԼƾٳһȫµĳԼĻһĻBOSSʼԴ½
ˣӱӺȫ˻سȥ취ֵס
ǣ͹ӡ


1462 ȫǺ
˷ذʱҶºѾȫ
ҹ֮ϣ֮£׵磬γһӴķΧƬѩ򶼸סˣĵ˷ȫмһۼм䣬һ޴ڲͣľۼѾкܶ׵磬λãǰڵĴѩɽ
ĿǰģһЩĲ׵磬Ҳ˵ĺףδɾǲ׵磬ɵƻѾ޷ԤƵˡ
ѩɽദ£׵˷飬ıڶʱ䣬Żѩɽ¹ȥγһһĴѩ򣬴ѩľۼγһ޴ѩ
¡¡ľ죬·ǰǰ࣬ҶˣȴҲûȥĴ㣬ǱҪ֤Ǹȫʧ֮󣬲
ÿһ˵УԼҪػһƬӷУҶЩˣͬҲС
˵ҶǸɽɫҲ˵Ǹ޳ܵϼһֻΪĳЩΪվͬˡ˵κһУûк˸ˣа֣֮еģֻ֮ˣڵһĶ飬ȻҲͲͬˡ
˵û֪ҶĿΪʲôֻҪԼ֪Ѿ㹻ˡ
ǣɱȫˣҶҲȴò
ڰˣԴУӣǲӵˣرǳӷ磬ֻԼһΣԲԼӵڶεģ
ףǾԵ㹻ĵƣ㹻ǿ̣ǺףҲֻһ龪ˡ
ȫһ㣡һ֮УѾΪǿҵĵ⣬ĺףʵһˣһףȴǾþòɢģӷڵȵľž٣Ҫǿ
ɾǴ½Ϲʱģû֪ɺȴǧǰѾʧˡ
ҶǴѧֳ󷨣㣬ѾǳӷȥģʱȥˣԺףһĳ׵磬Ҫ뾡һа취ʹһ赲
ȫˣѾۼΧԸߣͨˣˣۼ
ǹϵѹأˣԺ˵кӹǰõӣûǾͬУѩɽһʧɣ
ǸͨˣҲѾ֮⣬ʮ˹ڳӷûǰǲ¶ģҲȫΧ
֮ϣӷʥƷʥ۷ǿߣħŮ׾õȾŴħټһɷȫۼ
һѣۿҪڣ˭ֽǵľǣ˭ֽǳ˵ľǡɣ˵Ŀ⣬˳ӷһ˵ϡ
ΣԶԶԼҪبŲĵȻӷڵΣǾҪ֤ȫ˵İȫȫ
ӣϾҪˣһԴݻѩɽǱ취
ǵΪߣҲվ֮ϣΪؾ֣ʱ𵽾Եá
ãҲֻһĶǣվ֮ǰΪ̫ףûʲôǿ֣ӷǲȥġ
ҧҧأҲ̫Ϸ绯˵ɣڵ磬Ǵ½ôЩʵĺϷѽʵ̫ӵˣ
ӷ̾˿񷶨ڻҪҲʱôҪʲôȥֵأ
ûͬȴԼһ˵ڳ˵
ӷȻתߵ̨ߣˣ󺰵زʣΪۻʥ˲ʣ԰Ϊۻ죬ҶΪȴǹͷҪٳˣ˵ΪѾƹܰˣǣȴΪһͽһССף͸еη壬Լ˵ˣ𡣡
ϵغ͹ӣȫˣڶָӡҪôɣ
ӷվ̨ϣ˵ͷܺá²ţ죬ȴ֮λȫǡˣңֻʱһ³֮λεΣ֮˭³ɴԼȥѡ񣡡
ƶǼԱһ仰Ҳû˵ÿһ˵ﶼġ
װװ׹ˣҶҪСװһΰɡ
ڣˣۼһϣеԸߣվΧеͨˡ֮ҵŮ٣һ֮󣬽еҷӵޡסǼޣǳ˱޷ɵķΧҲҪҰȫΪֻֻĻᣬлֵס
ͬǣ͹ӡ
漴ȫˣپۼճӷеͨˣվеԸߵİΧ֮ڣеԸڼϱеͨˣÿһҲֱ֪ûãһֵסףˣͽ̼䣬֮ء
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Ҷˣ˱۾ǿǣˣԼЩˣҲų꣬ǲΪԼҪػЩˣҲҪ
磬ǿ뿪ɣȻǣûˡ
Ҷͣ˯˶ʮ꣬ΪʲôҪѹΪʲôҪ˵ľףһУһɵģⳡߵԴͷ
䣬ҶҪתȥʱϣڰڣͻȻһǿǿ⣬ѩɽԲ֮أȫ
磬ʲô
쵰Ȼƴֵףֻĸҡ
磬쿴һ⣬Ǹסˣ
Ҷǰ˵ؾ֣
ڣ֮ϣӷ纰ǡ
ǣӡ
ʲôʮʮɷֻҪǸ󷨣ȫҰڳٶȣҵֵס׵ĵһ
ǡ
ǵؾֳ֮ϣ⣬ؾɢɢȫǵĲͬ䣬γһ޴Ľ֣Уסˡ
ӷ罫ߣߺڣˣеȫҷӳϵмλãҪףȥ
ˡ
һǷˣȻҪǿн׸ˣȫԸߵײȻٽףƣ
Ƴϣǧﳤϣ곤ϡ
ڡ
İ۶ĳɳźѪħ
͹ӷԸ
ÿһˣΪǿԴҡ
ǣ͹ӡ
ħ壬Ŵħڣ
̷ħǾŸһ۰׾ã׾õͷ̷ħͬʱǰ
͹ӣǸʲô
ǾŸΪŸ򣬸ӻסǵ󷨡סһƣ׾ͻѹУǿ󷨲ơ
͹ӷģһ쵽ġ
ħŮ׾ãйٺɷ
ɷվڰ׾һ׾תһž˹ȥ
أû𣿡
ա
ɷСܵӷǰʵҪ
ӳ󷨣ںԱߣû⣿
ӦûɶգֻҪͿԣ
ܺãȥ֮󣬸ΧźײͣתȦ޴磬ԽԽá
գ¹֮㲻ܸա
ٷϻͷ̸ƨŮ˽顣
ɷǰİ׾һȥ
Ǳʲô
ѩҪѩѩ
㣬ò뱾ѩΧĻѩŪ޷˺׵£סɣ
Ȼ֪ǾͲöˡҪ׼
׾̾˿˵ǾƴһѰɣܳɹ㽫¡
ӷڿɲںЩ˵׼Ҫ׼֮ǰķеĻ񷶨ƿȭͱҪˣ


1463 ֮
磬쿴ħŮ
Ҷ˼һ׹һڹ˰ǣҶ
Ϊעǵģ˵ҶǲǺܶ˾ͻһȥ˵֤Щ˶Ҷ˵ǶôҪ
׾ôʱܵĻͿˣûҪȫܡ˵ˣħŴħû뿪ǣڸʲô
磬һħŮ֮⣬һˣ˭
Ǿ¥й٣ɷ
ɷǰѾΪʲôڻ֣
ǲҪЩɷǰû죬ֻҪڰǰﷶΧ֮ڣӵĹ׵׻֮ġ
Ȼûӹһ٣Ǵ磬ǻʲôϽ߰ɣˣǿɾҪˣ
Ҷȥ˵뿪ѩԽԶԽãҪ׵ˡ
Ҷ˸շڵĴѩɽһɽҹգͼԶ׾һֶһ޴ıǷء
ѵԱסħŮҲ̫˵ɡ
׵ǳǿߣ׾ñֵסʣôܽס
Ҷð׾⣬һ⣬пǳӷġ
Ϊ˿϶ǻ٣ǱҪۼ֤һĻ뿪ѩϷȺ׹ȥǻغϡ
磬㲻ߵĻҲߵġǱ߻ǵˣֻҪǻ٣ȫں֮£ǵļˣȻչˡ
˶ߣҪ֤Ǳݻ٣ҶҲûȥǡ
ڣ˵ȫһ֮ϣγһޱǿƶǼסֱӳؾֵλá
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֮ѾƬѩ򣬴˿̵ĺףҲѾͬΪһ׹ֱ֮ӳ˰ڵλá
ӷһӣųӶȥ
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˼Ӵһֱϣǵؾ֡
໥һ̣ΧüȽСѩɽȫˣ˵ǲֵܵס׵ģ
ۿ׵罫˵׾ٵѹӷ´󼱣ɷ㻹ʲô϶֡
ա
ɷССĸӣѾ˺׵Աߣ˵ֻҪûͲ¡
ССһת֮䣬ɷںΧһɺɫ磬źɷתԽӵǿ󣬽ʮ벻ںΧγһɾ޴硣
紵ס
ա
ˣټһסһˣҲҪסһˣΪһУҲˡ
ûһͥʮ˵ĻƴĻȫʮڣһˣ
ȫӳӷȫ˳ܶҪͻΪԸߣһ̣ԽԼܸɵķΧѪ
ÿһ˶ӷ㣬ȥԼ޷ǳܵܶһܲסԼܳܵԼܸɵķΧǾ·һ
ӣǸ취ѽǵ׵ǰʵ̫СˣûбǧͲֵܵסס
ǼɷǴһºףⲢκεá
ͷӷǲᵱô˵棬ʾԼĵƵģҪʾһҪ²С
׾ãȥˡ
ɷ˽ϵԺ𲻵κãڣֻǿ׾ˡ
ӷ纰䣬ͼ׾һֶһСɽı߷˹
õãϽͶڣĳΪס˱ڻδ׾ʧˡ
׾һĿɫһҲ̫˰ɣҪȥҪס׸ôܡ
ǲñЦֲܰ쵽飬ǽɡ
׾ýһӷ֪˼һˣ첻ϳӷδذ첻ˡ
ӷһסˣȻһҽ𹳣һŽߡ
׾ȫ׹ʢͬʱɷҲѾڳ˳һһڵ໥ϣټϳӷһţ֮䣬ȫסˣסˡ
ӷ绹̫Сĺף˵һҲ޷סģһףͱըΪ˷飬һСһαˮ
ã
¡
顣
ǵؾ֣һƣ̣ǰ
ͬʱȫ׵ɢˣӷڣȫأ֮ϵˣȫµ䡣
ӣ
ĶӷպõԼǰǰӷ
ӷļһȻž׻Ҫǧ˵ǻһУҪ֮һĴ½пܵģ
ס¡һֱûһ̲ըΪǴֱӳɽȥģҲ˵ףҪֱӳɽµĵ֮УŻȫģԵĻ
ۡ
ձĶĳӷ磬һѪǼ˹
û°ɣ
ʵͬʱҲԱߡ
ӷЦһ˵ǵѪӿɶˣ
˵ЩЦˣڻûըǸϽܰɡ
ܣҲܵģҲЦһ׵磬Ҫҵҵֵ̫Ǯˡ
׾øɷҲѾ£˵Ǳ׵ġ
Сӣǿˣڻеʱ䣬ٰܶɣպ㻹лᷢչġ
ҪܣԲܡˣͲûյ̣Ҳ⡣ղǿѪµġ
ʲô
׾ãɷԸһ
Сգգա
ҪܣԼܣˣܡ˵ǰ棬ˣԺ˭̤ѩһɱ⡣
ӷ绰䣬ЩˣһһĪˣ󣬾׾øɷǿߣΪӷĺˡ
ʲôգ
СӣĻͱ䲻ˡ
׾ûΪӷҪ仯ʿһ䣬ֵܵסףʿɱȺ׸ӿʱҪٵģͲһУôˣ½½ˣˡ
Ըһ׵磬ѵҪɡ
ӷС棬С棬ϷͻȻ˵ڶӷ磬Ҳͣӷķ
⣬ڳӷĶͷһССĽⶦĻ˰׾֮⣬Ȼûһ˿ĵ
ʲô
׾۾ǸСʲô
ɣ㣬ԡ
һеĳӷ磬ٴηɵ֮ϣС棬͵ֵ̫ú׵ܿʧˣͣҲֵס˻ȥ
ڳӷͷֳһĻ˼ľǡһ޴Ľ𶦡
񷶨Һ
ӷ磬Ȼ񷶨˳ֱӻģǰδй飬񷶨һֱڳӷڣ˵ӷһ壬δ뿪죬ڣӷȻ˷ģ񷶨˳
½е֮Դȫ߾ۼ񷶨ա
׾ɫ԰ףųӷϷֵĽ𶦣ѵǡ֮


1464 
ѩ˷ѾѺۣһֱӾʹӰǵɽףڵɽ׵ʲôλãû֪Կ϶һǣһ׳嵽˵ģȲ˵طڵĴѩɽͽΪУ
˿ɵĺףھǴ½ϣ˵Ϊǿ󷨣վʷأҲͳΰˣڣǵΣһ֣ʲôطһ޴ѣҪܣ̫ܡ
Ҷűİǣʱ򣬰ǼˣˣˣôԼбҪȥ֤ⳡ
ʱˣǣˣǣ߰ɣȥȻǴҵˡ
ͬʱ˵ͷҪתȥʱȴϣڣһǿҵĽ⣬ֱӽ׵׹סˣһǿѩķΧ
ʲô£
ҶԼ۾ϣȻԽ׵ѹ־Բܷ飬£ֵȷǷˡ
磬ǿȻԽ˺ף
ôܣʲô
ǴӰڱġ
ˣϷ򿿽ǡ
磬ȥˣȻѹס׵һǿһᱻġ
ܲôˣǲ٣ǵˣû
ͻȻֵѹסףǹȥˣҲ𲻵κõġ
Ҷһ£˵Ӵ󷨵
ʲô磬Ҫˣ󷨵ѾƹܵסġҪٰӴǿɾҪǵȫˡ
ǲ˻ࡣ
ǺðɣġˣӴ󷨵
ڣ֮ϣӷڴˣˣһ룬Ѿ˵ϣҲѾ˺ܶˣǱ׵ġ
ӷԴӵõ񷶨֮һֱ񷶨Ϊһ壬ںʱҲδ񷶨ó
񣬳ӷȻ񷶨ڻ˳
ָ߾ٽĲ񷶨ĳɽ׵ĺף񷶨Ӱ죬Ȼɽ֮£˻յ֮ϡ
ӷеĲ񷶨׵һͷһ𣬿ӷӣò񷶨ȫյ
Բ񷶨˵Ҫһףȫܵģǿĺױս񷶨ڶʱ֮޷ģҲ˵׻Ὣȫۼڲ񷶨֮ڣʱӷҪ񷶨ͲǼ׵ˣֻ˵񷶦ûʲô
ڣӷӾ͹ܲô࣬ԼǣڵˣԼ󣬽ֿ֮⣬ӷɲȥ
׾ɵ۵Ŀ֮ϵĳӷ磬֮ǰΪӷҪȥǵΪôֵܵסס
ڣ׾ÿɾû֮ǰ뷨ˡ
ӷеĽⶦȻ½е֮Դհ׾֪һ½֮ԴȫۼһǾͻһͨĿնǸնУֽһǿǿǲ֮ˣ
֮Ӿްҹǰﶼᵽ˲֮⣬г֮Ѫ֮ʲôģЩӷ粢ǺӲ֪ӾްҹǾ仰ʲô˼
֮Ȼղ֮ѵеĽⶦǡ
׾ûһôܣĻһô˺õʿĻӵһܵеĳ߼һ𣬱˵Ǵ½棬˭֮ƥУ
Сӣ񷶦ֻպףȴ޷ƽҶǱ̵ļӴ󷨵Ǻ׾ͻ᲻ϵѵ㻹ΪһʯԶպ𣿡
׾ûһӷȻûӦ漴һתӷ͵һתİ׾ãʵ֪ҵĲ񷶦ô֪ģ
׾֪񷶦ôܣⶦԼǸĺӾްҹ֮⣬û֪ѽδԼĸ֪Ҳδ׾ô֪񷶦ģ
ڲ˵ЩʱҪסպףҲ󡣡
ôƣ
ҹеƣ󷨵ľۼ㣬ֻҪܽƬɢ׾ͻɢȥġ
㻹Ÿȥ󡣡
ڿЦײĲ񷶦ţڲ˭һȥ㲻Ҳܲס񷶦
Ǹô죿
ʱҪءȻǲ񷶦ˣȻ취ģԼɡ

Ȼ֪񷶦ѵ֪񷶦ҲֻףһµҩüԴһԪʲôģģҲ𲻵ʲôѽ
ò˲񷶦֮⣬ԼҪʩչƿȭȥɣ̣ȫ˳ҪȼԼ⣬̫ˣ
ѵҳӷ磬Ҫһο𣡡


1465 ƿȭ
ҶǱ߲Ͻ󷨵ӴʹĺױԽԽ֣û˿ֹͣĴ
ӷĲ񷶦պףǲ񷶦Ŀռ䣬Ҳ޵ģײϵȵ񷶦Ŀռ䲻ˣǿ׵ȫװˣǰᱻ١
ٲ취¾ˣ񷶦ԽԽ󣬶Ѿ֤񷶦ѾڿʼͣĿռ䣬õĲˣ
ӵѽû뵽ףȻûûˣȥʮ񷶨Ҳûõѽ
ʲôкôлû񷶦ȷǿ֮ס֮񣬲棬񷶦Ҳһıյģ֮Դˣ
ӣεĿˣ֪ڸһʼʱͲӦû񷶦ڿɺã񷶦ˣպף׵ҪʧˣĿǰΨһķǰ׾˵ģ뾡һа취󷨸ƽ
ҪƽӴ󷨣ǵؾֶ֪Ҫǿٱ󷨣ӷһѧУƿȭ֮⣬ˣ
ƿȭӷ͸ȥãһã͵ȼԼв񷶦¯ĿǰҲƳӳĵҩѽ
Ѫǿǿ󣬱״⣬绹Ҫģε󣬵Ȳ񷶦ڵĺɢȥ֮󣬱ҪȥһӳĵҩΪ֪ҪüƿȭöˣԼҲûصˣֱӾͽ˾Ǵ½ϣ
׾ãɷж󣿡
϶쾳ĳǿߣ֣Ҳܵ죬Ⱦ磬Ͳʥǵˣһ֮ңǻأ˵Ǵ½һĳǿߣףͲ޵еĴˣ죬Ҫ׸ֵǷǳɵ顣
һҲذ룬
ذ뻹治֪Щһﶼôģô꣬½֮Դϣǿ߼һذ붼Ҳֻܶһˣ
ܷסǣȫǵˣ
׾û׹ӷ˼ΪӷɵҪԼɷȥԿף֮ǰôˣԼ˶첻飬ѵܰ쵽𣡾ӷĲ񷶦һĺףԴԴģҲԼӦ˵أ
Цˣֿܵסˣαصȵڡ
Ҫģǵֿס
˵סǣ
㲻Ҫ취𣡰취Уᳬס
ۣ
׾òûѪڿʲôЦѾֵסˣȺ׸ǿǲ
㲻õģǴ϶ӳģǴ¶ϵġҲ˵ҪڰǵϿգһᱻҵѹƣҵڳȥͬʱᳯ˷ɢԣܵģǰ˷֮һ֣ܽ˷֮һֵס
׾ò֪ӷ絽ʲôǿԳԽ׵ģڣӷ֮⣬Ҳûκˣˣ
ðɣǾҲҪųĻǱɻǣҲ뵽ʱħ⵽ɱ
ģҲɵǼһġڣ׼һ£ҽ׸ȥһ㣬ʩչҵһ
á
׾ýɷ˹˵ˣѳ̵ľó
գ˵հա
ȻɷѾûˣӷһŲ񷶦ƣͬʱҲΪӷһ̤ܲסȫˡ
¡ľ죬Ĵѩɽѩӵǿ
лˣڵϣûһģѹԵ磬Գܲס
ˮ̣ʲô
Ҳ֪ȻԽʱֵһа취ġ
ȺǳĴһֽңøղûӷŸɡ
Ӣǿɿˣ׶ֵסĽɫǸղžȻ⼸Ҫɱż¹󣬵һùģİǡ
ʦôСӣȻֵסף
Ҫ˵ôˣ취뿪˵ء
ߣǾԲܵģӢ֪ڣѾоһΣӷ潫ƵˣԼȴûļܵĻ·ֻһȥܻȥҪϼˣ
˿̵ĳӷ߾ٲ񷶦Ѿ˰֮УҶˣȫɵۣǳϵӰ
磬ǿ춥סˡ
סҲҪټӰǼһһ͡û뵽ȻԵֵסס
磬Сӵ׻ǲˣȻףֵס
ͲӦСڹѸִ½һ涾յģڣ׶Ҳ޷˺ѵСӣǴػߣ
ҶǷӦˣػߣѽ˴ػ֮⣬ʲôˣǲηڹѸ֮׶ġ
֪ǲ̫˵㣡
ӷڰǵϿգ񷶦һͣڳӷԱתڲͣպס
·Ȼɢӵĳӷ磬ǿһߵĲ񷶦漴ˣڳһơ
ڡ
ӷһ󺰣İ׾øɷѾڰ֮ϣӷ֮µǧ֮һǿĽ硣
Կʼˡ
ѳ̵óɣ
ѽѳ̵óɣΪΣҿҪƴˣ
ѪѪʱ
ӷһΧһЩССɢһ֣ΪѪɫѪɫķΧ󣬽ڳӷȭΧɢȴǿߣסˡ
⣬ôܣ⵽ʲô
׾û䣬һѪ⣬˹
׾øҪ㣬֣ѪٶȲ죬һѪԼΧγһ޴
ˣ
϶ľ磬죬ȻӷһѪ⣬סˣ˵ӷҪӳƿȭԲܻһ

׾øɷܶģȴˣ
û
ƿȭ
ӷ̫ˣ˵һƿȭԳܣӷȻҪӳ
Ҫ֪ƿȭǿΪűҲΪأ϶ľͬģ˵ֻе϶һΪڷӳһƿȭʱŲȼ̫ӷʥһƷľ磬ȻҪӳѪʩչƿȭ֮󣬳ӷǲҲҪȥ˴


1466 սҵĻ
ѩ֮⣬ڰԪظƬɽ֣
λɽۣ֮ӰѩǿޱȵѩǱɢ֮ңɽֵĺڰԪɢһ롣
ǿͲڡҪǰðǵǿӣΪʲô
˵ϣҲȽϿ࣬ɴ˿ɼͣǺܴ󣡶⸽ЩĻĿ˽ǸʮͷŻֳȨȣ·һӴ
һҲһˣйҲӣΪһˣθһ˲ࡣ
Ҳʲôֻ뿴һôľ磡
˺̬ȣԱߵ˺ǲˬ֪ΪΣǱߵ飬ƻģȴһŵġ
ҶӣұǴͬǸİһʱõģȴ˵ãҪõĶ࣬ʵڲ׸ΪʲôҪҶ
ҪõģһҶӲҪһǡѵΪһ˰𣿡
Ŀǰ˵ѩǱɢԲں׵ģҲ˵ڰǣһɱȺ׻Ҫǿ
ӣ뵽˻һĻķɼȻѾ֪Ϊμ
ûԭֻ˽һ£ͣŶǱ
ͣ˵ѩǱɢǰ͵ģ
֮⣬½޵ڶˡ
ôܣǵ񽣣ҲܴǿѩǱߴϢڰǵģһ׾øɷ˶˿ɶǳǿߣǶֵסףһͣô
ߺߣɲҪСͣУҪǿҪԴ½ҪΣյ͡
ѵʶͣ
ʶ
Ȼʶô֪Ǳ󣿡
ҵ飬㲻Ҫʣʲôˣʲôطһ㶼Ҫֻ֪ҪңҾͿԱ֤磬ġ
˶٣˵ҪưԴ½ҪԸģǾ¥Ҳ򣬶͡
Ȼ˵ˣһʲôͽΪĵˣҾͲҵĵˣϡ
Ϊʲôˣ˵ʲôʲôԼ֮⣬û֪ΪʲôȻҶƿУͲǸ򵥵Ľɫɴ˿ɼˣǸ򵥵Ľɫ
Ҫɴ£ɻģǼꡣ˵ˣڵͣ㻹ɱˣͣɱˡ
֮⣬˵ԶɱˣȻɱˣƾʲôưԴ½
ˣʵȥԸԶԶģԽǴѹͷԽ󡣲ҪΪڵͿԽ͵ϣҿԸģһ꣬͵ƽƽ
һ˵˶дЦĳ嶯˵⻰˵ˡҼ崫£б£һ֮ڣôƽƽ
ңͣǸȻ˵û취ԸҪԸͱƻһУһϵеļƻ֮УܳκεĲһߴһǾͻᱻͷ֮ûС
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Ȼˣ㻹Ҫһ£Ҳѵġ
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壿Ǻƽʹߡ
ΪˣҪҪ½ȫֻиңܴе壬ΪؼĴڣ½ĺƽʹߣŭˣҽìͷָͣãΪһôĲ֣
Цһ˵嶼ҪĶǴˣΪ½ĹСʱ½ѡ
ûǹؼڣԣǵ飬ֻǳĻ½սĻ
˿ˣһЦ˵˵ػǴ½ǣĳ֣½ڿػ£Ǵ½ǣɫ֮⣬ûκ֪Ĵڣ㣬ȴ½𡣶ݸڸȤˡ
죬ʶ죬ҿԱ֤֮ڣͿԳưԴ½ҵݸ˺ĻҲԱ֤֮ڣͻ֮֡
˶һвĻʧɽ


1467 
ѪŸշӳӷֻõԼȫһȼŰ㣬Ǵյܡ
ӷȻƿȭȻ׼ѪȼԼȡԼ̫ܵ˺ɡ
ԱߵĲ񷶦ʢѾס˺׵ǿ׹⣬ǳ׵Ĳ񷶦ڣֱһԵֵⲻڲ񷶦Ҳں׵һȼĻ档
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ߵ棬Ӳ񷶦ֱʣ֮ڣת˺üȦ໥֮ײʮ£ʹ֮֮ǰӵǿ
˿̲Ҷǣڰڵİ׾õˣȫѾֹͣϵ£һûȥ󷨣ǿ󷨵һҲûȥƽ磬ǿһɵ۵ĿǴӲ񷶦ڳеߵ⡣
·ƽΪһ壬ǳ׵ƣıΪ˻ɫ
ߵǰײ֮࣬һһģĳӷ˹ȥ
Сġ
׾ôһ֪ߵʲô߱ȻҲԸ࿹ڳӷģں׵ģ׾òԣϾӷһ񷶦ǿѾκ˶ӵеģ˵ֳʲôǿĶǳӷӵеģҲ̫̫̬࣬˰ɣ
ϣһ⣬ֱӳ嵽˳ӷϣӷȫðǿĻ棬гһľĲ
˲ҵĽֻЩ֮ˣŻг׾õˣгҶˣΪӷѾܲסˣǳӷţǸ˵ĩա
ҽ֮ҶǱߵĴЦǵˣڸû취ȥӷ磬һһˣ
ڰ׾øɷѾӷѪס壬Ѫһ˿γɵǳӷѪջصĻĻ׵ıƳ
á
׾´󼱣ӷĹؼӷˣҲԶܱˡ
ʶˣǲܴκεĸԵģⲻС˵ûνһ飬׾ںӷģǳӷܽˡ
ԳӷֽţۿҪʧȥԶļ׾޲ߣѵħޣĲܱ𣬾зҲԶʵֵ
üֹâۼһ𣬽⣬ס׹⣬ټϳӷɢѪ⣬Ѿ϶Լˣ˰֮УȻԼ·
ˣʲôˣ͵һֵˣף˿ɵеġ
ƶ̾˿֪ӦôƼ뿪ǣĵطͼչ
ҩڵûУ磬ͬûС
ҶһһǾһеĿܣӰɡ
ǳ͹ܲô࣬һӵվҪˡ
үүȱ𼱡쿴
һָֻǻ֮Уٴֳ˳ӷӰ
ҽʱȫֹͣӻгֵĳӷ磬Ȼ˸ı䣬˵ǻ·
ʲô
ף
û⣬Ե޹ʵĴӲ񷶦ڳڲ񷶦ڳ¯Ļ֮⣬ˣһֻ棬Ǳǡսס
ӷѾսףս׻סԼ壬ʩչƿȭԼӦòܵȫƻԵ˺ǣڵĳӷ绹ܽΪһ壬ս׸汦޷ʱӷ廹ǻܵѹģսףǷӳƿȭǿھűĹؼڣȻˣսףһշӳƿȭܵ˺
ɡѪ֮أƿȭ
˿ԥӷ罫Ѫ壬ǱһѩɽѹסƵġ
ȭΪѪ⣬ӳӷȭͷϱϷƳȥ
ͬʱӷҲΪƿȭֺˣ³ȥ
½Ϊһ˺ƣ
֮ڣͷ·һɽըƵģ¡¡ĻѪвͣţַ·һ磬ѩ˷ɢ
׾ã㶣еȫӳסǡ
׾ʱǷӦ˹һɷʲôϽġ
ǿԻգСǡػգ
졣˵ȥúھ֪ˣһŹ㡣
գ֪һֱڵȴŴػ֣߳ڣ֪Ϊʲôڰա
ϻ춯֡
׾ɷס˽硣
ӷ糯ǵȥڽ֮ϣòֹͣ
񷶦һֱųӷӷԼƿȭѾ֮бըԽƸҲ˵ȫʧ꣬ҲƳˡ
ӷ绹סƿȭȻ֪һȭ᲻ƣطȥ
סΪѵģᱻȼɲƣƿȭͻҴ
¡¡
ƬƣѾɢ˿ƣҲѾѪ
ҶһĻֱԼ۾һĻҲǾԵʵ
磬ٲߣǾˡ
ܣ
Ҷԥ˿̲ߣҲǰ
顭
顭
顭
ıը𽥽ƸɢʮŸҲȫˡ
׾ǵĽ磬ƿȭӰӶˣˣڵȥߣը󶴡
ӷҪģ̽ȫջԼ壬ǳܲסսףҲȫסôһݣò񷶦հɣ


1468 ȶ½
Զڸı䣬ʱԶֹͣҪӲͬҳһͬĻ֮⣬ûĶˡ
ӷ磬ͬһ̫ڻһ̣Ϊҫ۵ģ׹֮ʱ˵Ļÿһ׹֮⣬ֻһε
ǣΪӷƴԻõԭеƽˣں¼󣬶ǵһʱ뿪صڵΧһУصӪ֮С
ڴ½ͬĵطͬУĳһ֣֣ȴǳӷ磬ĸֵģ͡
˵ڴ½ĳһǴ½ľͷԽͷͽ뿪磬Ƭ棬Ǵ½ΪڰһǣΪ
򣬸ųһɲͬļɣǾһ䣬һص㣬ʮǰͣ½ţֻҪˣһڴ½طǱһѪȵɱ¾ԣھǴ½˶򣬵һаĴڡ
ʵʲô磬ǲаֵ֮ģΪÿ˵ͬ飬ȻҲͲһ
Ϊ棬Ϊҵ档ĿУҵĻˣΪĿģֶε͡ҿ㣬ЩҵаļһֺγǲֶΣ뾡һа취ҲĴڡ
Ϊ˿һһöֻ֮Ҫ΢һǵˣԿĳʵΪģԼҪõġ
Ѿʮδ̤ˣǰʱ䣬һ£֮䣬˾޴ĳͻìܣ֮ףξټ壬Ϊƽⳡңûȥܴ½飬ȥһ˰ǣξټξӻ
Ҹ׵һ첻һˣȥᶥס
ξٱվһ䷿ſڣʧ䣬ǻš
ټ򣬾Ϳξټ嶥סҲξټհ֮ǰңξĵξٱ¸ξټǿߵŬȫѹסˣڸ壬ȴû֪ξټμ壬ξٴҪﾡͷ
ԴǰħŮʧٺ󣬾֮ԣۣ֮˵½ŷɢĽɫҲ˵ΪǿĽɫ˾Ϊ½ĳǿߣΪʲôԭ֮صˣ
ξξٱվһ𣬷ڣξټǿߣո֣ǿΪξٴƸȶ
ⳡڣʵΪξٴ˶ģÿһ壬Ϊ֮Żξʱ򣬼ξټ壬˵ѹˡ
òϣξٴһǳ֮ˣǰڰʱɽҲ¶ˮΪȨ֮һȤûУͬˣѾΪ½ʸ֮ģҲѾǴ½ڳһ֮⣬֮
˵£ʵҲǺֻǰͻǸʱҸ׺Ǹоһ޴Σ˽Ǳ߸Ҵξټʮǿߣء
Ϊʲô֮ǰû߹ң
ΪҸ¹£κ֪ʱҸ״ʮǿ߽أܳģֻҸһˣҲΪˣҸײŻˡ
ѵ֮ڣбȾ˾˻ǿĳǿߣ
㣬û֪ΪѾȫҸ߳ʱµĽ磬򣬶˿Ƴġ
һǿߣˣѾǲ˼ˣ֮󣬻Խһط֤Ľ֮ڣʲô𾪴½ˣʲô
˵Ļܽ˾˳Ľ磬ҲסġʲôĻ߱Իˣ
ûκˣҿذ벽
Ҳʲô˾˼Ȼۣ֮£Ҫˡ
ҪϽ취׵κá
취ʲô취ǿξٴ˵ģˣ˭ģӦξξٱµС
ǷմϢͣһս
Ҷѳǣʧǧĺȴ͸Ƴˣͻֵܵס׵ǿСӣԽԽ˿͸ˡ
Ǽģ㿴ͣпܸ𣿡
ȡҩȾ˾ˣ
֮⣬ʵ벻ˡ
ξɵһЦ˵ֲûͣһôˣҲӦú
ѽξٱ²Ǽӷ磬֪ӷͲͣҲ֪ӷΪˣԼ͸ģˣҲΪµģ
˵ֿۣԲһеİ塣˵Ǽۣеʱǲ˲áӢۣڰ˵ĿǣıߣǶۼʶһ͵ϮͬˣõʲôǾһҪӦĴۣҲҪ߳Ӧļ۸񡣡
ҲǾԡͣ⣬׬Ǯ⣬Ӳǳᣬõ֤
ξٱһ£˵Ҵ̽ӹܼ塣
ʲôڣ
ûڼҪһ졣
ҶһжϤ壬˾ˣŷ
ңҪȥĵط
ȥͣ
ûұʽףףʱܳ£򣬽ڵǿըʲôʱըֽû֪
ξ˵ͷ˵ȥͣһҪȥǡ
ʲô˼
ãŰǵǳΣ֮ͣʲôڵİǣ˵ȫƿ͵ҶǱĻûָʹĻҲԲġڵһҲܲˣ̲ס᲻ģˣҲ˭֮£Ⱦָ½ʹķ𡣡
ã͵ĵһĿ꣬ģ
İǡ
ţҾֱȥİǵ


1469 
ҽ˵ҽȴҽһķַ̣̲ʲôطʱģ
һʦƳƸ˵ĵҩɱǣƳĵҩȫˣԼ˵ʱǺ
ʵҽʦͬ飬ÿ鷢ʱԼ޷ȥԤƵģһǿҽܾ˵ְҵߣܻΪġ
ӷ磬οǿĲٿˣ޷˿˺ԼѪƿȭʹĳӷҹ
ڣڻһ׾ãҪųӷܱǾԲóӷġ
ԳǿߵΪĹҹʱ䣬Ҫȫľˣ𽥽ӷԵɢһС֡
񷶦Ԫ񣬲ٷɳӷ磬ѪóӷԲˣˣս׻ĻԳӷĿǰΪ˵ƿȭѪһӳͻᱬըˡ
ȫǵˣ⼸ڹųӷ֮⣬ҲһʮСʱػţһʲô紵ݶκûõ½ߣһɸɱڰǵôڵľŴħԴκһǿߡ
⼸Ҳҽ壬ÿһҲֻǱӷҪܶ࣬Ͼ׵ȫӷò񷶦յˡ
׾ôӳӷķ߳ɫ԰ףͷ󺹵Ҳ޷ӷˡ
ڣ⼸죬ӷѾûΣա
ǸСӽн
׾ø߳䣬Ͷ˵
ҲҶʲôԼǰʱ䲻֪ߵغȥս׾ã°׾öûˣҲûôϣ˰ɡ
ڰ׾õǱҪӣ򣬲ǳӷΣգԼ壬ͬΣա
ܿ죬ǽ壬һ仰ʵŮôˣ
׾ò˲ͷϵĴ󺹣˵ʱûΣˣҪһʱ䡣
ǸŮ½ʲôԸ
С˵ˣȫףɲʲô֮λš

š
ƼǾͷǲͬġ
㲻õģ˭ͬ⣬ɱ˭
ѽձ󣬾ǰ׾˵ʱҲûһĶ֣οڵİ׾ֻһѣҪоûʲô
µģ
ĳ飬Сˡ
ӻʲô
磬ͳȫǸӣִϵλãеȨȫһ֮֡
׾˵⣬䲻ּһ䣺ȻСӶúΣȴκˡﱾɾһ䣬ȨһʹʵǵұѵĻǲҪСӶ֣һŹǡ
ǵĵӿɱǴˣ˵Ů⻰ˣȲ˵ѾҪ湫ӣб֮⣬ɱǵģҲŮ
˼˵ɱǣ
̼ˡ
Ȼ֪˸˵
Ůǣ˵ӵˣ¡µĻھͿԶɱ£¿Ա֤ɱңŮҲκκôġ
׾˫¶׹⣬Сӣ治Ǹ򵥵ĽɫΪߣȴС
˵ؾ֣
԰ɡ
óñʶһ¡
ȻŮ뿴¾Ͳˡ
Ǹ뻽ؾ֣ȴϣؾδԼĲӣѾ׾øסˡ
סôǿķûóǸûʲô𡣡
ڰ׾ǿǰؾҲԵֵһӣǰǣҪгֵĻᣬᶼûоѾˣؾ֣׾˵Ƿˡ
ŮݣǰȻֻСɫŮҲˣӵĵˣкüŮͬһ𡣶ԹӵԸ˵γ˿ǴԲʹ˰ݵģֻȹӵһãᷢʲô飬ŮӦñ֪˰ɣ
šΪʲôҪҪԭ򡣽ȫǵȫۼһ㣬ǼҲȫڰУֻһµʱ䣬һ֮ڣҪӵʵ׷֮ʮ
ʲô
Ƿ·һЦ
ǵľӣټƼǼʵһôĳ̶ȣ˵ҪЩһڶ̶һ֮ڣʵٷ֮ʮǾԲܣ˵һ£ʮ꣬Ҳǰ첻顣
ɵǲȥǳӷ´ģǰ׾ԼģΪѾҪˣ˭µԼȥִУӵʵôȥ
ӷľǴ½ԼƻҪʼˣҲҶóӷǰʼġΪףƳӷ绹Ҫһʱ䣬ŻȾָ½
ҲãҲ㽫꣬Ȼӷɱسӷ˵ĵطӷļ磬һôĵطӷǿĵˣһôĽɫ
Ȼģλʸռһ伸޵е
»ᾡһ뾡һа취ӵʵȥġ
ҪĲǾǾԡҲ̫࣬һڣɳħŴħǰʵġ⣬ȥ߰ǵʿӽ쿪ʼ죬Ͱѳ̵ľʹȵսʼǾûˡ
ţ֪ôҲлŮ
лÿһ˶ԼĿģУҲУԣǣҲڰﱾԼˣҪ˷ʱˣȥɣ˭Ļͽ㡣


1470 ձȫ
Ѿ٣ǲûһĵطΣȻ䵽Сֵͷϡ
ʱ׬ǮѾٶȣ֮ڽһȫµĻˡ
һ棬ãµǵĴ֮ǺܳĶ飬õĴ£Ƽȥ
һ·ϵˣȫÿÿһ˶֪ҪʲôһǴĸڿʼ
ӣҪˣ
ֱߵѾʼô죬Щ˵ƣҲõĲˡ
ӽ쿪ʼǣõˣˣҪǵɫ
ѽνãˣѡ˶顣˵ҵʱҲ͹ӣǽϵģЩ˵ģˣ
ڣʵõ۹⣬ҲǷǳġ͹ӸôãǾͿԿ͹ӵǱ֮νȻܰô䣬õεǿƣ͹ӵ¡ڵ͹ӿ½˵źܶ͹ӵĴ˵ô꣬Ϊģǽ졣
˭˵أڶܻɣ͹ӵûлԹһ֮еĺڹѸֵ֮ܵס׵ĺը£ǳǿߣ˵͹ӵΪʥһƷľ磬ȴǿߵ޷ֵ飬˵͹ӵıûһ̵ĻҶš
ϣӷ绽񷣬ʩչƿȭʵкܶ˶Ѿ赹ˣҪˣ֤һĻˣǺܶࡣ
ϵ˵Ҳûǲô䣬ȨƲôǣǳӷˡ
˵죬ӵаڽɽĻĻĻʵۣǳӷλ͹ӡ
ƼſڣһӵϢƶ죬Ѿ㾡ȫҵվ˴ſڣȴõĵ
ƶɲɵӣȻڰѾûˣҶʧˣѵʱƼ𣬴˿̣³֮λõʱ𣬳˳ӷδãܽӷˣˣȫɵĻǰǣƵˡ
̴ĺã⣬ô׼ϸ㣬Ҳ㲻ġ
ƶ죬ҵ˵أӦ֪Ϊʲôɣ
վǰ棬ƶԡ
һǰǻһ۵İǾһûʶСɫһ֮Ľ죬ȴԸƶǵһִԣܣǸղЩ˵ģѽ
ǣձƼˣƾǼѵϷ򻹻𡣡
Ҫȫеһ塣Ƽ壬壬зߣɱ⡣
ҪձȫͳһǾͽԼϷ˵Сӣʲôʸ񡣡
֪ӷǲģƶҧס㣬ֱֲȥӷµϾܱסĿǳӷ磬Ƽ塣
ʱҶҪٰǣƶ죬ˣֻеڵϵķݣ˭ȥֵס׵һ
ƶ죬ʶһ㣬ִ֮λһ԰šҪ빫ӶԿĻļӣнʣһӣ죬֮ء
вϷǾҪЩ˵ıˡ

ƶҪ֣һЦͻȻ
̣һ̷ˣǸƶмλá
̷ħ
׾̷ħħʮħе϶мһվƶȻһ䡣
ƥ򣬱ڸ·һС˵İ죬ڶƼ塣
ɱ¾ǰŭǰǵ飬ʲôʱֵħˡ
ǵ£Сӣɸˣ͹ӵ£ǣûκιϵ
ѵͣΪɣ
⻰㵹˵һ룬͹ӶЩͲϣҪģҲһô򵥡
ҪĲǰǣһǣӷ
ƶԽԽѿѵѾ˳ư½Ұ
ǰ˭óӷ뷨̫Цڣ˭ȥɳӷ˵ˣħ壬Ѿվڳӷˣһħ壬һǣںһڳӷ׾õĴ£¾¥ҪһѺˣ
ƥȨ㵽ǽǲ
̷ħʵ
ƶ쿴˿ΧǰЩ֮⣬ԼƼĸһĺӰ
ǿҵɱƼΧƶĻֻ·һ
ƼѾʧȥһһХӾֻһˣҪǻôĺƶ벻
νɽڣûգԼƼڰǾӪô꣬ڽеıȥٻмԼˣȻˣֺαȥӷŸأպһлᣬٷһЩԼƼģȫ


1471 Ե
ǳһż֮⣬⼸嶼˵Ļ̻̣ôǳƵģһҽһ£ǽȨȡˣһ󲿷ֵĲƲûգõУԭܼ򵥣õϵһ仰˵̰ܻߣ
壬Ҳֻʣһˣֵǣõſʱȴûֱӽ룡
Žղøվſڣ˭Ҳûп벽
磬ʱѾˣǻҪȥӸأ
ȲҪȵȰɡ
ܣǻʲôֻʣһˣѵǳҷɣڷɾͲ빫Ϊˣǣȫ˹ӶԿǸΪУһ壬ԶԶûǵʵ
˵֪Ҫһ壬ɱƼ׶ˡңڻħŴħ⣬ӵʮ˹Ҳڸ˭ֻҪ֮Ϳȡ׼
ȻˣǻʲôħŮֻһµʱ䣬ʱ˵ǷǳģҲһӣͿԽȫӵʵһ׶Ρ
磬壬ûзԸ֪ôġЩµģҪѧȥ²һӵȻȥ͸ʲô֪Ļ̫ˣ
Ķʵ磬֪ʲô
Ȼȫ֪ӵΪ˴Ӳ³ƣȴ֪壬ӻġ
˭ܲµӷ뷨ȴԲµһǳӷˣǳӷĵˣǻͷʹ
Ȼ׾˵ǰ㣬˭òһ£̫Ϊ֮ããòˣҲš
ӷˣ˲ɣ˲ãȻãͲȥǣⲢ˲ӷȥɡ
Ҳ׾ãҲǳӷһɣڰ׾˵עҪվڳӷߣܶӷ粻ó⣬׾öԴһ£ʱ򻹱ȳӷԽҪõĶࡣ
֮ǰǵˣȫˣʵһûߣһֱ壬ǳ֮⣬ûκ֪ڰǣ˵ˣַ֮ˡ
֣ĴˣСӣѾ壬ֻʣһˣǲŹǵġڵİͳܣãֻǰ°ˣ֪֮Ĺϵˣڣûһ뿪ǵġ
ǳںͷʹ֪ӷһУͲӦðȺص۶ǣǺõĶ
ҪߣѾ̫ˡ˱ǲɫʵϣѾΧĿĺԣͣӦѾ֪֮Ĺϵ
˭ⲻܣСӲܻ֪ġǡ
໥һۣ뵽ͬһ˵ϡ
ԣѾڳӷˣ
̾˿˵ϣҲѾȫףΪʲôˣȴûһģ뽫ԼЩǳӷʲô뷨
ʲôˣ
ǳȻתͼӿ֮⣬߽һˣһŮˡ
ԣ
Դ˽ȴû֪ôģ֮ǰҲûκ˷֣
үүһˡ
ԶԼүүʧ˰ǣǸ壬ʲôڰ꣬ô˵Ŭڰǽһ壬û뵽ǳһȻᱳѰǣԼȡ
ԣ˵͵ģ
ӱ壬һСڡ
Ⱥǰ˵ˣ֪ͣϷڰǡ
үүӸ·ڣԼѡɡ
ԣ͹ӣҲ˵Ѿ
Ϊ壬ΪĻҵүүҲò
ԣ̫ˣȻˡ
磬ֵģǡܹʲôݣ٣ǰǵˡأȴ۶ǵһߣ뵽ʱӦϣ°𣡡
˵ԣ֪ӷݵģͲǰˣǴػߣ½ǣͻΪ½ˡ
ػǣͬʱҲľǡС㣬·ǸүүģǸģͬʱҲǸҵġ
Ŷ˵˵ӷ磬ʲô·
һ·һ·
Ǿûˡ
һ·ǽͳͳɱ⣬壬һ·ҪңΪǰǵˡ
ӷ֪Լ˵ʲôҪұѵ۶ǣǰǵļϸԲܡ
û뵽ӷһף޼ѽ
ôѡλ⡣ڣүү磬ôѡͳ壬Ǽ۶Ϊ裿
ԣѵ㻹ɱүү粻ɣ
үүΪһһˡ棬ѾڵˣֻҪһԲϣǶû
ǿɱѾ˿
˵ǳߣΧ˫۲ͣɨš
Ѿͷˡ
磬㲻Ҫҡ
ã죬Ҿɱ㡣

ৡ
⣬ǰһǳһѣ˵ͣ֡
үүʱ䲻࣬ӿûĵȡڣɣ֮ڿʼ
ǳ̾˿ӣԼҲѾͷˣ
ǰóһ飬ǳ˵ǳ֮ԭǴٹ꣬һöˣû뵽ҪǰˡңȻһҲûʲôҪˣܰ˭٣ܱס壡
˵꣬ǳ飬ԣԽӹ飬ʱʧУ˵үүڿʼͿʼϰɣʲô¶ùˣδȻƿء
˶٣ת˵Ƕλɱ


1472 ش
ڰô꣬Ϊģǵ۶ǽİҵʣɸȺүôܻᱳѵ۶ǣȻڰôЩ꣬Ѿ۶ˡ
һһһʱ䣬ģǵ۶ˣСڰǳǳ԰ǵķ˳ģ۶ǲܸģȫˣ˵ڵɣһ۶˵ݣڵѪҺѾǸסˣ㲻ΪǵһӣҲֵ̫顣
ȻϸԶǼϸĸԣĸжǵΪĿģֶΣһֽˣҲԺںĨɱ
ǳѾˣԶ뷨۶һλصĳҪе͹»һڡ
Ȼѡ·ѡ˶飬ڣûʲôúڵģ٣Լ壬Ѿ˳ӷ磬ǾͿԱ֤ڰǵĵλƼǼһҡҡ
ԸûȺɻ뿪Ļᣬǳӷӷ籾þһеֶΣ㽫ȺɵڣҲҪǳΪԼˣԼڵ۶ϸԼպ۶Ƕսʱкܴĺô
ڷԼүү۶ǹʱѾɱɵ뷨ǲһ𳤴ģϵ˼ҫҲһֶصԸҲ壬ҲһˣԸ˰ɡ
һɱֳڣͲȺӦ֮ڸ֮⣬֪ʲôʱ򣬳ӰӰԼٶȣȺɣģֻǵĵֺڰĵ·һ˲䣬Լĺ˵ﲻķë
ɶߣүүס
ȺһƽƳ˿ͬʱӰѾȺΧ
ǰ壬ǳӷֻҪ˷Ǿȫɱһ
վڿ֮⣬ʱԼүүһȥǣԼأܻص۶ȥ˵ǵ۶ǼԼңһܽԼײܣԼ֮
үүҲԼܵģ
ٴγ˽ȥ̵ǰ
ԣ㲻ҵĶ֡ǵ鱻ҷҲɱ㣬Ҳһ·
֪գֺαصõ۶ҴС㣬ȴСܵǰﻮһУɴ˿ɼĻǺε֮ء˵ʵ첻ͶǷҶǻ뿪ģΪŮˣµġ
᲻֪ʲô˵ӷ֪㲻Ҹүү壬ãŹ𣿡
зģֻҪˣ˭ὫҪɱǵ߹ӣ⽫ԶܣԶ֪ġ
ɣ˵ϣȻ¶һִδйЦ
ԵЦֳϷŮˣһ
ԭһôѾͷû뵽Źôʱ䣬ģ˼룬ͷ˷츲صı仯ѵʱô֮£ͻͳһôˡ
죬ǳ˳ģҪȺˣãİţħľŴħҪܣǾԲܵġ
ߣɱǣҲװɡӷҪͶȴҪ˽ɱǣѵҾ͵ɱɡ
ͻȻһˣ۶ɣ͹ӡ
йһΡ
Գɸתһһѳɱ͵Ĵ˹ȥ
ɶСġ
ȺţΪԶԶˣǱ̫߳죬ȥֹ
⻹ûתԵĳѾı˽ȥ
ȥɡ
ɶ
һԼǰѾԼı˹
һǴƫһ㣬ûд̴ɵ࣬ǣԳɵڰ˳ҪٳһһضҪȡɵ
ʱ򣬿֮⣬һǿ˽Ȼһһϣըһ󶴣ɸԣ˵ϡ
ʲô˼
ˣֱӾͻ˹ȥԻĿ죬һûд
ý壬ˣȴš
ԣȻΥӵնɱ۶ǵˣ㵨ӿ治Сѽ
ʲô˽նɱ۶ǵˣǹµ۶ǵˣһҲܻ뿪
ǹӵΪʲôǲ֪
壬ҵң۶ǵˣһѵû᲻֪
Ķ˵Ӻֻ˵㵱ļ۶ǵˣֻɱ㣬ʲô
˵۶ǵ˷ɱ
Ƿ𣿡
ǣǹǰɣ
Ҷǳ˵ˣҲԼԡ˸Ҽٴ֮ĻǾͱǲˡ
˵꣬ǶĶ˵ĶϿ쿴һŮˣ
á
үӣ뿴ŮǰĻǾͼǾԲġȻߣǹ󿪳ţص۶ǣֻܱ֤ڰû£˰ǣ԰ɡ
Ⱥͣ˵ʵŮʮûȺĵϲѾͷΪңΪ˵۶ǣ踺ôЩ꣬ȥѽԼҵЩжĸȵɡ
ãϷȲһҪŮ
ʶʱΪܣܾܲŮǻҪүӵı֡


1473 Ů
͸Ѻ˷ƵģǵˣȺү塣
һ·ϣԻûҪɱɣˣֻĶҩֹѪҲлֵģΣԺûˡ
ȴ֪ʲôһ·û˵Ҳûɾ裬һԶ֣Ҫһʱֹ
ڣõ赲֮£ſʱûֵĻᣬҲֻ÷ˡ
ԣԼȥӽͰɡ
Ҳ˵ʲôϻǵ˽壬ȺھǸ󣬸λöûУǼҲվŵġ
֮ڣӷ粢ڣڵ壬ҲʱɳӷҪ콫˸ãȻȳӷ򵽱˼ſȥѾɱˣ
ҲֻվһԵķݣħľŴħһŲߵĺɷȫվһԣڿǰΨһʸǰ׾á
Ůµ鶼Ѿˡ
ǽһһ׾û㱨Ϊںԣ׾ڴӷ磬ǵ飬Ҳ˸ȥɰ׾ĿģϾ԰׾˵ͲںһǣħŮԴ½ħѾ㹻ˡ
ûʲô⣿
׾˫Եһɨ·֪һƵġ
˵ǳ˵⣬Ѿˡ
ţѾͷ˵˵ɣΪʲôҪ
׾ûתԣԳӷ磬ԲẦ£԰׾ã¶ܡ
ңҡ

ž
һĶ⣬Եϣʹڳˣȫһ
ħŮ»湻ͻȻģϸ֮䣬ֱӸһ⡣
ڿ˵ˡ
ԼǸѽҧȴϣһҪּһ糯Լ˹
ž
ڶĶԵϣԱߵǳң˵һ仰
ڿ˵𣿡
׾õ΢΢˱仯̷ħ˵Ҵ˴ΣΣɱˣ
ѽ׾ôˣΣģι󣬾û
㺦ǧһȫǵȫˡڰʮ꣬ǣõĽãȴʱء

ž
һˣ׾Ѿ˵⣬˵ֻΣΣɱΪʲôڴΡ
һƣǴ㣬ǽ㣬ʲôն磬һ磬˺ôˣĻ±㱻˺ˣҲֻ֤ܣҪɱˣѾͷǲӦðڵ飬ϣΪһľ磬ٽƻĺ꣬ǰʹôıֶΡ
׾õĻ˶̫ţԼ𣬰׾λħŮȻˣҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ħŮգǼʶˡ
Ⱥǰ䵽Щ˵ֻܹԼùߵʱߣߵʱѾ߲ˡ
ڵ۶ǣʲôݣ
μ
޵Уʲô
ȡ
޵Уһ޵УвѪ
ȣ˳޵УֽУ뵱꣬˵޵ڴ½ĳһսУУͱ˴Ѫ
鶼Ѿô꣬ǰΪʲôҪ𡣡
˵£Ҳڳǵ۶ң壬Ҳˣ񽣲У½ҲȻġҪ𣬵ƾ񻹲ɡ
޵еһսܶ˶ڳ׾Ҳûȥ˳֣ҲǸʱ򣬸񽣼棬ָ񽣣񽣵Ϊϵǿ
ڰ׾õǰ廹ңҵȣǰ׾õЩһ͸еˡ
ô꣬½ʲôûҪưԴ½ˣҲǶţëȴһˣĳưԴ½Ҳڡҿ֪ΪʲôЩˣ޷ưԴ½ģ
˵ııƣȻܳɾһҵ
ţС˵һû⻰Ѿ˱ļɻ䣬ȴɱԭ͵ˡ
ԭô򵥣Ϊǣǳӷˣԣ׾òɱ˵˭ǳӷѣǰ׾þͲôǳӷĵˣͱð׾üģ򣬾ξټ壬Ǿ¥ֻʲôųǣͳͳ׾õĶ֡
࣬ħޣ޷ȥѡģĸҲ޷ȥѡģ·ȴԼ߳ġȺڸһᣬվߣѡȻѡĻҪģԲ㣬ѾͷˣԱ֤֮ǰңӵ۶ǳʧҪɱʵҲڡ
ɰ׾õʵ½ô
лŮ⣬ѾҲᱳѵ۶ǵġ
ãǳֵ֣ˣܵõϿɣֻ㵱ɵϡ϶
ʲôԸ
ñԸ𣬱ղѾ˵Ļظڶ顣
ǣˣȥһ˵۶ǡ
Ůңȴɳ̷ħǲ̫ϷˡȲǳǺεȵĸĪ⣬һŴħ˭Ӧ


1474 Ϳ
ѽҲ˵۶ǸصĳΪһôľ磬һŴħһ֣ҲǶأ
ȺԺҲǵǵ۶ˣһΪ۶Ϊ۶̬ȣܰ׾ôвܽᷢʲô飬ĶӣͲţԼң֮
׾òɵһЦ˵ĳǿߣᱻȺȽɫסǧ׾ҲûȺˣûִԲѵĻǺھǻ飬ξٴ׾öδڹѵ컹ΪһȺ˵Ļԥɡ
׾òδŭһŭ֮£Ҫȥ۶ǣնɱţһȺ̬֮óǸɫľƺ«˿ھƣ
̱ǵľƾζʱͬʱڿǽϣͻȻȼһְɫĻ棬ֻһּٶȣһ׾õľƺ«ȫ˽ȥ
׾õһ֣ȺʱɵۣˣǳҩƵģɵɵĿŰ׾ã׾еľƺ«
ⲻܣ
û֪Ⱥ䡰ܡʲô˼׾ȴЦһʵǲǼǲǾе죿
ôᡭ
Ⱥһɣôܻ£Ҳ̫˵ɣ
ڻãһԵֵסľŴħȲ˵ûеֵŴħʵУȺãǸ𣿡
ȺȥڵģǳңҵѾ޷ȥˣ˵Լ²һ壬ֽһôλϡ
֮Сַųӷ磬ں
ڵĳӷδȬΪа׾õѾһˣ˵ɫе԰ףҪߣûʲôġ
磬ǰ淢ʲô£
ӷҲʼͿΪʲô׾ü򵥵һ֣Ⱥ˴ķӦ֮ǰǵ̬ȣһе̬ȣܵȥˡ
ӣѵ۶ϣȫù
Сһ£˵磬֮ǰѾ𣿡
ģֻһС֣Ҫģȫ֡
СҲʲôؿڣһϵļ˳ݸ˳ӷ硣
ϣźܶ˵һУӷҳǷݣģȫС֡
ȫһһʮҳصģһЩƽ飬δй֮ģҲδйκεҰģȥңؼԸΪرġ
󣬳ӷ翴˹Сʱ顣
ճʱѾȷܳΪԴߣ
С˵ѽ磬ѵ֪Сʱ򣬾͸һһ˿ΪǸͨˣԶ޷ΪԴߣ˵ǸǸԣ꣬ͱ壬ĸĸûκεΪȡ
֮أ
ӷҲȥˣС֪飬Ǿֱɡ
ӦʮʱɣͻȻص˵۶ǣʱĵ۶Ǽ壬Ϊ˭˵εһִ֮λִǵ۶ڣչһƴʤߣΪ۶ǵһ壬ҲΪ۶ǵһִϡǸʱ嶼Ѿˣκһ壬˴ˣΪؼʱ̣ǿ֣϶쾳磬м壬ҲǴǸʱ½ΪΨһļ̳ˣ۶һеĵһǿߡ
꣬䣬ȥʲôطʲô£Ϊʲôһͨˣʱ䣬ܳΪ϶ĳǿߣ
û֪ˣд˵ȥ򡣡

һ£

׾ãҲȥ˵ǧǰˣ˭ܱ֤ʧٵ֮ڣûȥ
԰׾õΪټ˵ʯʲôģʯʲô֮Ҫͳһǿߣǲܵģ
ѵ׾ʶղŰ׾õһУԣȺģȺΪ۶ִϣ뿪۶ǷΧ֮ڣģҲӦڵ۶Ƿġ
˶٣ӷ·뵽ʲôƵģɵЦһ˵һ׾ãȻһ˳ɫĵӣ£ֶһˣ
磬˵ʲôأʲôӣ
ûʲôȥ߰׾ãȺص۶ǣɣ
ǡ
ÿǣ˵
Ǻðɣ
ڣС˳ڰ׾߲֪˵˼ʲô
׾õ˵ͷ˿ھƣ˵Ⱥաˡ
ʲôߣ
Ǽһ£֪׾ڸʲô˵ӷôġ
Ůǲǹӵ˼
׾ٵ˵ͷ
С˵Ǹ˵Ѿͷ£ϼһԹˡ
Ⱥɲˣ˵Ůô
ϲģûʸЩҸãٲߣ㣡
Ůǲߵġ
ɲɡˣͿ͡סҪǳòͳȥǧҪϡ
Сһգһ˳ǣ֮ų죬ҪΩ²ˣ


1475 
İڣӷҪ˭˾ԻˣҪ˭ҲԴס
Ⱥߣ붪ԼŮܣΪɣȺ϶һμɲʲôŮ֮ĸμѡ
ɼȻӷǾͲȺ뷨뷨ûʲôֱ𣬱ãǳģͳ˰ǣһֱͳѩΧһ·֮ϣĵģµ˲֪Ƶġ
ӷڴʲôע⣬׾øǻ϶ѾµˣνƣǴһ̿ʼġ
˻ûкãܳʲô
ڣ˶æԼȥ󣬳ӷһˣڿںȲ衣
ʮȥˣӷҲѾõĲˣİǣһȫµĸĸӷҪ齫ܶࡣ
Ѿˣûʲô󰭡
ǲʱ
š
ڵ۶ǵ飿
һ˶ѡ
ʰɡ
ʲôϵ
׾òɵһЦ˵Ȼ㶼Ѿµˣǻʱ
ֻȷһ°ˣϾ£һǾͽᵼպĴܡ
㵣ĻǴɷġ㵽ʱþˣΪԭǱΪĵǰ׼һơ˵СĿǰΪŵ϶ĵһ죬ϣȴڲͬѪҺҪΪˣ׵Ķࡣ
˵ԭǸͨˣʱ䣬ͳΪ˳ǿߣʮһս£ƶڱİɣ
Ҳ㣬ûһͨ˱һǿߡѾˣˣ
ʲô˼
ҲûʲôȻħ޿Աˣ࣬ͬԱħޡֻ꣬ǽʸıˣѪҺ˶ѡ
׾˵⣬ӷȻһŮˣҲ̫˵ɡ
˼˵ħޣ
Ӧ˵ǰ˰ޡ걾صʯ˽ħޱ˵ķȴ˽ʮΪȷʯصĶʵͷУʯصģȸıʣ޹ǣֽ֮ѪҺҲ˵ŵģѾѪˣǱѪǱģʮħ
պһڲĳӷ磬ֱһڸ˳
ħʮħ׾þȻھŴħ֮ͳ˵ʮħһ֪һˣҲ̫˵ɡ
ȻѾµ㣬׾˵˵ٻǺܳԾġ
ѹ֮ǰȺʩչһ֣˳Ծˣû´ĻӦǼҲʩչһְɣ
ûŵǱѪѧĶҲ°빦ǱħУΪֵýһǲô罫¸ģɼȻԼѾµˣǱҲûʲôɱġǡ
˶٣׾˵бףӦɣ
ȻѪһõ֤ǿǿ󣬵ȴȼ
ΪħޣҲѾˣеʱҲᷢģһ͸ʿһᵽɱˡΪ˱֤˷֣Ե걾ŲȥЩȨ֮£ÿʱ뿪۶ǣһû˵ĵطȿԹŻٻȥ
ԭӲκεȨƣҲû˿ҰģԼԭ򣬶ǰ׾õ
ʦģҲôѽڻԼŰɡҷȺߣԭĿģӦɡ
ģѾ¹ˣ֪ô壬㶯Ϊģܽ۶ǻʲô˭壬𡣡
ӦģҿûӦ
㣬壬žŴеһ᲻ỹ
ŴҲУ
뵱꣬񽣣ǽֵܣһڴ½ĳرչ˺ܳһʱ䡣ȻԿ϶ҲܷŹϾŴĿǰûȫǰ֮ɣҲǳְˣھҪҵȰ֮λ֮ǣʱ
Ϊʲôô϶
ǣžŸ˵ֻŸ˳쳣ǲŻλ֮ǰɱȴɱˣΪ֮ǣǱǡ
ʱΪ֮һ׹⣬ֵסӷĻӷ绹治һ˲˰׾ãԭôһ¡
Ű֮ǣǰ֮ɣǲҵ
Ѿ˵ˣҪ֮˷쳣ǲŻλŻ֡
֮أ˭֮ѵĴˣ
£
ѵǡǣ
ǱΪ봫ˣƽƽ棬Դ֮󣬲˵Ϸ쳣飬֮ǲŻλ֮ѣŻ֣ĺӣûܴ򿪡
ȻǸҾͷ쳣꣬ںˣΪʲôһ쳣£
ͲˣҲǱΪǸ߳ܶ࣬쳣ҲҪӺܶࡣ㲻õģȻλػ߶ѾˣǾһȫλŴҲһȫģ
˵ŴӦӵžˣΪʲôΪ֮ѣҲԿƣ
׾̾˿˵ⱾͲˣǹϵ½ʼĴܣû˻֪ţֻҪȫ֣ŴۼеţͶ⿪


1476 ľ
¼Ѿ˶ʮˣͬʱ׾涨ʱҲֻʣʮˣǱߣȴһɫûУ˵ȫǾӵʵٷ֮٣ڣһ㣬Ҳûȥ
Ūı֮ģ½ѵһ˲ţ˵ⷽ棬ҲֻһϵеİȫͲһ֧Ӵľӣô̵ʱڣﵽ׾õҪ
ȻЩŬħľŴħҲָ㣬ôָ㣬ǵľӣ޷õ˿
ܣΪ齫ĹϵɣеʿΪߣҲһ֮ڴﵽ׾õҪһȫǿ֮еˣôܻһССʿ
ڰ׾ñˣЩûȥǱߵֻһҪ׼飬һϵûƵġ
ӷѾȫת񷶦ڵ׵磬δʧҲ˵ӷڻ޷񷶦Ȼպת壬Ҫ׵Ĳˣ
СǱߵӷûȥᣬô㣬飬֮ڳӷ涨ʱ֮ڣҪá
˽죬ҲѾһСεʱˣǵ񣬶øʲôƼ壬ǧ壬ǵļ壬Ѿû˿֮ˣûȨ֣ƲҪˣΪСؽΪڣʱʱľܵƼȥҪǮǷǳ޳ܼǿƵ֣ƼǸҲĸҲĸС־ʹеõ˲ٵĺôȨͬʱӣҲΪ˰ǵ׸
ѽǱ߻ѾĲˣҪҪȥ
壬Щ飬һһӷ㱨һ飬Ȼ¸Уӷ᲻֪
ӣЩҲ׬˲ٰɣ
ӷβû㽫ӵķǷͳͳûյһһͷպͻӵ
磬˵ģֵ˭˭ѽľҵģҵģ㶯롭
һ˳ӷһ䣬Ŀڵ죬һæͷˡѽǧҪСܵ˼СܽӵеһУɶǸģ㣬Сܾ㵽죬ǵأ
ĸںЩӷʵڵΪôľ磿
ǸǺǣҲ¸ЦΪʱʵ̫æ˵㣬ԡ
ֻǮûɣ
ϣӷ粢֣˵׬Ǯӻƴ˵ϴҩıʣԴߵǰɲȥģΪӵ룬ǳΪ½һһǿߡ
Ǹ˽Сѽ
ˣڴȥӪǱ߿ɣǼͷˡ
ϲǷǣڣҲרĺʱ
磬ǲ֪С̫ǸˡŮҪһ֮ڽӵʵȥ֪ĵģû˼ھ档
ôֵˣ
ѽĶѾͷȻû׬ǮǸ磬֪ģСܾϲЦ
ٷϻȥӪ
졣
ӪУȫʿʮȻһɫûУȴûзҲ뾡һа취ϣڰ׾涨ʱڣܽȫʿʵȥ
ӷ絽ʱǰӭӣǸĶڴ飬ûھӪС
ӣˡ
ţߵĽչ
ӣǼܣôˣʿʵûκε
ӷЦļ˵ô׾ͿԽЩʿʵȥǰǣѾưԴ½ˡ㲻Ҫ׾õĻ̫ϣΪ˵ġҲ֪һ֮ڣԲܽȫʵȥ
˵ӣʵ㣬ҶѾµˣȴ²⵽ʲô
Ҫģÿһʿжľġս֮ϣǲľ棬µĻǾûʸսȥˣҲֻҵĺˡ
һѾֹͣ²ʿӷʵǵӣʮѾĥĲˡ
ӣҲû취ѽһ㣬ǸͲƴġ
ţҪģЧˣڶھӷѾǳ˽ˣڣͽʿΪһΪǿƵģһΪƵġ
ǣӡ
תȫʿǰʿ࣬ɺܶ඼пõġ
ȫڣ͹پӪҪԼһ´ʮĳɹϣҲҪ͹ʧʮͳı£ȫʩչ
˵꣬еԥˣճӷ˵Ҫôѽʿʵ䣬̫˵㡣
ӷΪѣǰ˵ɡ
ǣӡ
ӷȫʿЩʿӷʱҪȱʮ
λ͹ӵڳʿģ׶Եֵס˵νҲ
ݼ͹ӡ
ȫʿͬʱ¹򣬳ӷǵĿУ˵ȫ˵ĿУһĴڡȻƼ֮⡣
Ҳôɡ
ûκεļӣҲû˿棬ӷڸЩʿĸоͬƵġ
еʿȴ֪ĶħԶὫ񶾵һ棬ϣЩʿجεĿʼ


1477 ˮ
ڳӷ絽ӪӣǱߣ̧ʮӹʮӷŵʿǰʱӷ˽ʮȫ˿
ʿڵ۾ѩѩģ˵ÿһ˶ð⣬Ľ⣬ΪǰʮװŵģȫǻƽֻҪһ㣬㹻ôκһʿüӵˡ
öƽѽ
͹ʲô
ѵҪǮˣ
ѽǮǰŷһ֮ѽǰɴδйĺѽ
Ҳһİ͹ʲôû֪
ʿǷ׷ӷȴûȥֹǣû˵Щһھһ°ɣ֮Ǿͻһֹج֮С
СֿʮӻƽɵۣԼЩ춼ڼ֮ҲŪʮ֮һˣû뵽ӷȻһóôƽЩƽ𣬿ǵʱҩһѽ
ھӪ֮⣬ŴħŰ׾ÿžӪһУ̷ħʵ㣬ʲô
׾Ҳҡҡͷ㲻ӷ
ܣЩʿ׷ɡ
ѽʲô磬˻ħޣܻ׷ģ׷Ȩƣ׷ʵҲ׷Ǯһ׷ûеˣǸһʲô
еʿڶѾӷ˵Ҷˣ죬ĻƽȫҪָҵġǣʮӻƽֻһСְˡ
һС֣Ҳ˵֮󣬻иĻƽ
˻һеʿȫ˷
ӷ¶Ц
νħҪضһˣҲζţ֮·ǳǰܿܣ
ǣ
ӷǰߵʮӻƽǰ˵ڣеһУֻҪ룬ȥãӵеһУֻҪ㿴ϣʱ˵ӾԲģǰǣҪõͱȸӦĴۣνڡ
ˣʮȫȴûʮ̧ߣԼ뿪˾Ӫ
͹ҵĵҡ
ʿѾ˴ͷ˵ˣ֮ջǿߣȻЩʿͲһˡ
ȻǮȥˣȻǲɿģ㣬ӷĺܣֻҪǮĹ࣬ԼƿصĹλǵķǳʱĶǾǼģҲһҡ
ڣʮϵˣȫվ
ųӷһ£ֻкüٸʿվ˳
ǣмС
͹ӣǶС
Ǻãڣˡ
⼸ٸʿһ㶣ղŻʲôڣôھͽԼߣ
͹ӣǻǿԵģֻҪһ£Ҫʲôɣ
ǵģҲΪ˰ǣΪǵļˣԵеģӸϣȱԼСңȻǱǵĴҡҪ᱾ӵ˼ӲǵļˣʧȥЩˣڣлؼңڼȴӵĺһҪʱ򣬱Ȼ֪ͨǵġ
Ȼӷ綼˵ˣЩʿĸҲӣһǴͷɥ뿪˾Ӫ
㣬ڸء
ֻ뽫һЩսһʱʿҪʱ򣬻ǡ
ӷҲûȥΧȥûڿԼߡ
ڣܹ˵ˣվָˣǶֶϽŵ֡
Ǽٸʿվ˳
ǣҲԻȥˡ
͹ӣǡ
֪ǵˣΪ˰Ƕܵģ֮ǰһлؼȥȴӵмҵģǱߵĵǼһ£Ҫ֪ǼﶼЩʲôˡ
ڶʿ뿪ˣӷ˵ʮ죬ʮ֮ڣģ֧ģ뵱ģģȫվ
£վǧˡ
ӷҲϻһ֣˵ȫȥɡ
ӪֻʣǧˣЩˣǿʢġ

ǣӡ
ʣµˣΪ

ܿ죬ʣµʿȫΪվ
ʿԼһһǧңӷʿ˵ڿʼ˫ǵˡ
ֿʿûκѭķֿģֻķֿվҲ˵ʿУŸԵֵܣʲôģڳӷҪ߳Ϊˣ⵽Ϊʲô
ıûе˽Щˣȫ׼֮ȫɽ¼ϡ
⣿ɽ£Ҫǣ
һϻҲ˵ӷֱ߳˾ӪЩʿһеĪ
뿪Ӫ֮󣬳ӷ˵ϣЩвмʿȫӾۼһ𡣼ס£ó֪
ǣӡ
죬ܿͰճӷķԸЩֶϽŵʿۼ˳⣬ȴûɽȥ
λּˡ
ڰĳ⣬ʲôҲᱻ˷֡
͹ӽټڴˣʲô
Ű죬ҵļˣѾٺ˰ɣ
л͹ӣѾٺˡ
ǺãڿʼǣҪΪҰˣң²
¡
ܺáӻὫǷɢȥҲѾźˣǹȥҪʲôŴҶӦòµĵɣ
͹Ҫϸͬĳȥϸ
ûǣԸ𣿡
Ϊ˰ǣҪǶһüͷġ
ܺãϣǻмĻᡣ
ЩʿȫȴûйڳӷǰǳǶ
þ
С˽˹ÿһʿһϡ
ӷԼһЩʿ˵ǣҰӢۣһ𣬲֪ټͣлˡ
ΪǾңΪ͹Ӿҡ
ʿһڽƺȥƱȫ˵ϡ
λʱ䲻ˣΪҰҵҲΪԼڣ̰ɡ
ʿֲͬɽ·ɽȥ
Щʿȥıӷ˱۾ˮսʿһȥ⣬̽ѨԹ⣬ɰ׺硣
׾õվڳǽ֮ϣųһĻʼѪ
㣬ûпˣͣǾǴ½ϣİ
׾Цһ˵սδȶȻıԣ


1478 սʿ
̧ͷ죬һˣһֵܣһĽãһѣһĵˣ·еһУǺûǻڳӷл
ҵֵܣԡѪսҵѣƴػƬССľңȴֻҹգǳУǵۣǵĿ࣡Բ𣬴үǬɽ£پˣ
ڲϵĳԽ뷨Ǹǰͬǰĳӷ磬һ᲻һеģ뾡һа취Ļȥڣӷ粻̫ڻȥ飬ʲôûоܻȥĻǻ罫ȫӵǴ½ӵİȫ٣ڽδδưƬ֮ǰᰲȫһ㣡
ɣأСѣ飬ڶʲôҺǣǲҲڵһȥ
ӷ粢֪飬Ӳ֪Ϊ˶٣ഺΪػңΪ˶Կδһҹ֮䣬ͷ׷Щӷһ㶼֪Ϊһҹ׷ʱӷӾ޸׷ɱ
ЩΪȥˣǰϢɣһ죬һǱģЩΪҵȴˣٸһʱ䣬꣬꣬һȥģصǵߣصԭҵļң
Ժ֮Եʮƽеĺ
ӷڴԺУʱʱһƣĺ
ƶڳӷ磬ûκεĸоӷҲӲϲΪȲˣΪӷҪʱ̱ѵͷԣȥӦһĵ˸ѹء
ڣӷ粻ȾƣȺܶƣ
׹֣ӷ罫еľƱ£һӣסһɫ«
ȵľƲУԱİɡ
׾ò֪ʱ˴ԺУľƺ«˳ӷ硣
ӷҲ˵ʲôֱӺһڣǿҵľƾڵһ̣ǻΪһһ㣬ӳӷĺֱӽÿһλ
Ͳж𣿡
£Ϊ˱ȶҩҪ
Ǿ͸컻
ѾĹˣҲԿԼˣԼС
һһزһеĹ¶Ϊǿƣڵ磬춷˵ģŸƨ磬Ҫһ£ѵ⻹Ǹ컻
ô
׾ߵӷߣʵӷĸоλħŮųòᣬͬʱҲǿƵԸ
죬ټһħޣѩ򡣡
Щʿ໥ɱ
ֻɱ¾ʿܱսʿҪģɳȥЩӢۣͬʱҲҪηսʿ
Ҫأ
˾ˣÿһĴӢۣǲηΪػߵˣΪԼĸĸԼΪѣԺյݲҪڽֱ߼ʮ
һȫǸĳǿˣ
ǶͨˣѪ֮Ǹ磬ҲûǿߣԶһ¾ͳô೬ǿߡ
׾Ҳûʵ飬еʿȫǼ˾һĳӢۣ
˾ˣѾʮĻԲ鷢
ŻЩʿΪ໥֮ɱΪģҪǵ෴Ҫסǵ
ûôΰ󣬱˵޹أֻǲҵľڸһսʱͱо߽ˣ
Ȼ㶼˵ˣҾͰ˼ɣ
׾ʧ˴ԺУʱ塣
ӣʲôԸ
ʮ˹׼һ£죬汾һǡ
ȫǣ첻Ҫڳѵʿ𣿡
ţ˳㣬Ҳʮ˹һʲôɱ¾ǰɱģǵ壬˵ɱΪģܶʱȺսҲǲٵġ
Ǻãȥ˵
콥ȴû֣ͨˣȫڼŲеԴߣҲȫڼŬţеʿȫۼ˳ſڣûһ˵ȫǽ죬Ĵ֮£վʿ֮ǰ
ѩ紵׷ɵĴѩĵϵıںΪһ壡
û֪Щ뿪ӵʿʲôһҹ֮䣬ʧƵģȴûȥ£ֻǺܶ룬Щ뿪Ӫʿǲǽӵʲôֻߣӷɱˣõӣڳӷûʲô
Ȼ벻˵Ŀǰǣ˵Ĺͬ뷨Щ뿪Ӫʿıɱôˣȫˣǳӷȣ˵ǳӷģҪûȥʱأ˭ָҷ
ħӷһ˸ԵĶħǳӷˣ֪µ֮ǰڳӷ綼Ǹӵļɵˣ
ţ
ߺһţ򿪣ǿķѩӳݺݵĴÿһʿϣеʿһҲûжӣ
ڣʿ·ͬһΪɫһΪɫҪģ߳ţȻ󲻹ʲôɽ´һ죬ɵ׷ڷߺڷ׷ʱҪԷսϵĵˣһУþһֶΣɱ֮ûУ
ˡ
ܺáоǣҼסǵĵˣǶԷͬʱǻйͬĵˣǾħޡѾɽ£˴ǿħȺ˭ħ޸˵֮дһ죬ұסسǵĻͽΪսʿҲΪΪĵ¡
дһӣȫ壬ǡ


1479 ͨ
磬ܾãַ̫˵㡣Щʿĸ໥֮侭ģҪǺɱң²֣
ɽ䣬ǸĶѾǰҲǳӷ簲ŵģÿ˵ʿĵһء
СãǼȻ˹ӣǾֻܳΪһĴڣȥҹӵ뷨µķǹˣҲֻԱһ£ڱְӡԹӵĻ˵뵽飬Ȼ뵽ʿ֮壬ӸĺܣĻʣôȥҰǵľӡ
飿磬ӲҪѵʿӵսʵΪʲôֱȥˣ
νѵֻһڰˣҪģӡǰľӣ˵Դ½ˣһİǣò¡
ɾҪ飬Ҳѽַʵ̫ˣҪΪʿĵһͨؿڣʵе㡭
ˣѾ˵Ҫģչӵ¡ӱǣõѾͬˣΪ˵ӦñȹӸӽžӵ飬ɶһ棬óҪԴģ
ðɣǾ;ÿһʿܻŻسǰɡ
ܣȻѾҪˣǾûصءǵˣֻԼУǶҪԼˡ
˵䣬ɽϵʿѾӲͬɽ·ɽˣһ·Ҳ˺ܴĴԣ׷ʿڷʿڸһǣѾˡ
ճӷڰ׷ڷǶˣ棬Ҫ֣ǰĹϵٺãܣ˴˿̣㲻ֵĻһΥ˳ӷΥľһصľˣͲǸþˣ³ֻ·һ
ֵǣѾɽˣһʱ֮󣬾ͿԵɽš
İ׷ʿڷʿͬɽ֮ϣֻǺܶ࣬еһСƬˡ
׷ʿźڷǱߴ󺰵ڷǱĺ
ֵܣȻѾʼˣǾǧҪ飬ǵǵǴΪģǰǣǸԵˡ
˵ûһսϵģԼ˵ҲٹˣҪ͹ӵȥ
˰ɽ˫жԵʱȻʱӣŹǲΪǰʱġֵǣǶˣֻҪһɽǾ벻Ҫˡ
壬ҲֻΪػǵļ԰ǵˣңɡ
ɱ
һ·ɱֱɽĶһĻĻɱɵı˱˫ۣ˵ֵܣȴҪ໥ɱʵǿȥˡ
СãҲ˵ÿһ仰Ϊǵļ԰ΪԼˣǣҪˣڣǶֵʱˡ粼󷨣֮֮ڣʿĵһأһضˣҲûҪھˣһؼȥɣ
ѩǿγ˱ѩ
еʿѾ˰ɽԾģһµ󷨡
н󷨵ʿǶ˻Ƶģһ֮ڣϵ裬ͬʱһЩС͵ħޣҲѾ֮ڣһͳĴɱöʿȫħҧĶֶϽţȴûҪκһʿֻ˰ˣ
Щûļ󷨵ʿһĻһˣѾǰˣǲ󷨣޷ͨ·ɽȥҲɽıؾ֮·
ʮֻǿķħ޴Щҽ󷨵ʿȫצӸץȻգת˼ȦŽأ治ߴʿȥ
ֲ̫ˣҲˡ
ԼٸʿȫǷأһܵľȻħ޻졣
̾˿˵ûУˣھӵĻǵʱսֻʿǵսѣȫڵ˵֮¡
ĶʵЩܵʿô
Ӳɱǵģ˱㲻Ҳ׵ˡӻسǵʿѺʮ꣬ȴΪǵļˣ෴Ὣǵļչ˺ãϾӻȥʿҲΪǳģӿɲʧȥģЩͨصʿҲڹӵġ
ȻɱЩӻȥʿĶҲͷ
ʱ䣬ֻͣʱܼģڶأֲסεģͻسȥǲҪأֻҪͨˡ
ţ֪ôˡ
ʱ֮ǵѾȥڵʿһֻ˹ȥһּ
ô£ʲô£
мʿ໥ţ໥ţȴһ֪ʲô£
ʱ֣˵ϲλѾ˹ӵĵһأǾͿɽȥڶˡ
ֵǣ쿴ǳ
ݼ
ҲôǶҰǵӢۣӢ۵ǰӦҸǼŶԡҪǼһ죬ذǺãλƵġ
ʳЩԵֵܸô죿
ǲõģȻһضˣȻǱ̭ˣᱻͻسȥġ
һ£ҪĵڶأǲǸղһ
ղŵһΪ򵥵ģֵܰѹأǹˣҲֻùϲǡڶأħŴħͬʱѹأǾͺΪ֮ɡ
Ŵħͬʱѹأ鷳ˣ
Ķ˵Ҳô£ѾŴħֻǿң˺ҵġħޣǾͲ֪ˣϾһĿ飬໥֮䣬Ҫɱû˿Ա֤ǻ𡣡
лСѣһᾡһͨصġ
еʿȫֿ·ɽȥˡ
Ķ˵ǹ˵ڶأɵأħŮ԰ѹصģ˵Щʿ¾ӣҲδܹ˰ɣ
ΪħŮǱӶѹЩʿˣڲõĽǶ½
棬ôӵĻ֮£һҪģѧԼסʣôȥĶˡ
ߵѾҪǹˣǻسȥɡ
ö˻س֮֮ǰվĵطʮ˵ӰͻȻ֡
磬ҪûиЩʿһȻҲҪ󷨵ˡ
ǸЩʿһҪǵģȺս֮⣬ǱУȻǱѾˣǰԵģЩСɫڽҪԴ½ΪǿǱǰǿ󡣡
šǾͱ˵ôˣڷΪʮ·ɽɽ¼ϡ
ǲܼϣҪɡˣǹȣɱ֣սʿҪȺսҲҪǶԼȺսǹҪġ


1480 ͷ
ڷʿѾȰ׷ʿһɽ£ҲǺڷʿеһСְˣŻкܶʿ·ϾѾˡˡҲѾʱ֮ڣ޷ɽŵġ
ѩеıѩֹͣһûˣȴԵıӵĺ䡣
һСӺڷʿһˣǵûгʮģҲûеڶʮģȻᣬ絽ɽǵս飬ɲѽ
˵ĵڶأϾҪʼˣҵطɡ
һʿСһʿܵʿ˵дʿӦڶʮ˾ңϸһ̺ۣһѶ̵ѾϳĶ̵ߴԼһң࣬ȴɢһǿҵս⣬ս֮Уִһ羲ˮ侲
ѵãе̫ƽ𣿡
˫۳˷ȥΪǴѩɽɽ£ҪҸطУɴȴûеһʱأڹ۲Χ
ȷе㲻̫Ծ˵ɽ£ħӦúܶģûǿħޣЩСħҲĴ߶Ϊʲôһֻħ޶
Ķ̵˳У˵ħǲûеģһɽ֮ǰѾҪ޷ͻȻ
Ǹô죿ڵħ޿кܶ໹Ҫһħ޵Ȧףƾ˵ǲɱΧġ
ȻħѡһأҲ˵ѾΪǵҿһ£ʱʲô
÷ûΧ壬ȻȤնĻͻֵܿġ
Ƿһ£ںĶʲô
ͨ͹ӵĿ飬سȥ
ûղųѾ߹ǣɽ£ǵڶصĿ飬ƽ˵Ȼ֪ǵڶؿֳǾͻȲҪͨ飬Ȼͻ᲻һеģΧһܣͻħ޵壡Ҳ˵ڶصĿ飬ħ޸µն
˵ûȻڶ֪ħ޵뷨ָôȥӦ
ܼ򵥣вҲȶҾۼһ𣬲»ᱻħȺŹֻҪǲɢħ޵ǾκãҲͲ
Ļͷͷǵӣһϱô򵥣ֻǵˣ̴ˣֻ֪սôȥɱˣôԼͲд뷨뷨Ǵ֮
ѱóһ׼
ʿ֮⣬ȫóͬһȫһͷ·һ֧
ѩĳӷ׾ÿŲԶոյɽŵһԺڷʿӷ˵֧ٶģҲζţҪĶڵĶࡣ
׾õ飬񲢲ͬӷ˵˵һ֧ͷѣӦãû׷ʿˡ
ͷ
㲻֪𣿡
ô֪
еĲң˴ͷǸС֮⣬õģȫջⲻһ֧ͷֻʲô
û뵽ѽڣȻҲһ֧ӡ
ôľƵġ
ûǸʷУҲһ֧ľӡǱߴͷļһͺñйʷϺպƳ󽫣Ѧʹ󣡡
ѦʹʲôΪ
ҿӦûΪȴԴһ֧ͷһɽ
ӷɲ׾ýʲôƳʷҪģǴЩʿУѡΪģ֧ͷȻǵһɽŵľӣӷ粻ֻãûİ׷ӡ
ˣڽˣħ޷ųɡסԽԽãֻҪ֧ͷΧͿˣҪǽ
뿴ûзڲֵ֮£ҲͻΧ
սϣıҪõĶࡣһһǿһаΡɼıȴһǧ򣬶Ҫģˣľӡ
ÿһʿһļı֧ӣǾ𣬻ʿһԳΪµۼһ𣬽һôĳ档
ͷǱߵʿմ˵ȫۼһûκһ˷ɢģɴ˿ɼ֧ͷɴģʿҲǳĻ
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ȫ׼һħ޳֣ǾҪΪ
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ѽζʲôأʿŴ
ֵǣڶؿ飬ڿʼˡǾ仰вҲٶϲǣڶֵһ̣ҲҪǡ


1481 ͷ
֧ͷչȫսЩȫɵЩ޵ٶٿ죬弶ħޣϣǺܶ࣬Ҫͷһ룬ӦÿԽеĿȫĴۣʵ̫ˣ
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ӷͣ½Ųȴûתֻ˵ӣ֧ͷйʷϵ֧ͷ֮ѽ
Ҫ˵ô磬Լɡ
׾÷ǳĵ˵ͷһ֧ɽľӣû̫ʧ
Ŷ
ӷתǰĻͷͷǸʿѾıÿһʿҲеı£ǺҪͶƵģÿһ˵飬˵ļ
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ӷ绺һϣ׾Ҳ˳ӷߣľƺ«ĺžơ
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׾ʵ
һϡ
ҪҲ̫һɡ
ʱսϣʲôȻʱսϲģ٣ڿս֮ǰھĻ˵֧ͷϷ棬Ǵ⡣ûʱȥǣҪģһ֧Ҫľӣһֳ֧ɵľӣ
治֪Ǹľӣôġ
Ǹ磬ûоӡ
ûӣôȥ̣
һƽ磬źܶң֮ìܣЩҲѪ𣬵Ŀս
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ڵս֪սҪյĶࡣԹĵˣҪЩˣĻǸصĶࡣ磬ǹĸɣǸ磬ǶթҪȽϵĻ˵ʵһǱȽϲģ٣ûڱͱҵӡ
ѽǰ̫ˣڳӷ米ͱˣ磬ҪɱӷģЩΪǣûӷġ
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ڻͷǱߣ֧ͷ˿δеħޣҲǽǸΧûõ֮ǰûκһֻħ޶Իͷչġ
׾òڳӷǸ϶˵ʲôʵһأԿʼ˰ɣ
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ֵСƽҶŸɣҲ㣬Ͼȷ棬ֻǸͷͬȲܲͨڶأ͹ͬҵֵΪĳ嶯ʲôʧĻǰҸȷӣоڣһҪ
󣬵˵ÿһ仰˵ĸ
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ֵȷ棬ڲǽоʱ㿴ЩޣǰΧȴûжչ˵Ӧ͹ڿǵĸ͡
Сôܲµĵ͹ӵ뷨Ǳģһ𣬽ЩħȫɵֻҪɵЩħޣ͹ڶˡ
ӷЦһǸֵԸ񣬺һѽ
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ˣ˭֪Ǻ꾫ѽֱоˣɣһúõĽһڶأı䣬ħ޵Ⱥ֮£˫


1482 ȻѨ
Ŵħʱħ֮⣬ͬʱڰ˫ʿҲѾȫϵɽ£ȥЩ·صģ˲ģɽ·ϾģʣµʿѾǧˣ
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ΧħѾȫɢ̷ħʿ˵ڣڷɻͷ죬׷ǸиֵСӴ졣˫Ҫڱħ޵ȺŹ֮·ֳʤʤΪ𣿡
ֵ໥һۣû뵽ڶؾѾľˣҪħ޵ΧԼ˫Ҫֳʤ
ȻҪˣҪΪǸеһУǾûصء
Ҿʤ
ֵܺڷֵǣɱѽ
˫ʿչ˴սһʮֲпĴսɱģԼսѣԼֵܣԼڣȴһģҲһ˵ȴģԼսѣԼֵܣԼ˵ǵˣôԵ˵ʱ򣬲Ų˿飬Ǹʱɱɱ
ħѾѩ˷˹ѩɽ£ΪһƬҵսֵˣŸԵľӣչ˶Ƕµһ
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ʴԣȻô򵥣ѩɽ֮ڣһôĶѨҲûиѩɽκε˺Ҳ֤ѨӦòڴѩɽ֮£Ȼѩɽһˣ
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1483 ѨڵĹ
һͻȻֵĶѨǳӷ磬ڰǵˣе棬ѩɽ֮£ʲôʱһ˴ĶѨΪʲôˣδֹ
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ΪԼĺģʲôˣ˼֮ܲסջҪ붴Ѩ鿴һ¶Ѩڵʲô
ӷˣȫţ˭ý붴ѨһΥߣ·һӷԼ͸׾ãһ˶Ѩ
ڳӷ׾ý붴Ѩ󣬺ɷͻȻ˹Ӧɽ¾޴ĶģȴˣסˣɷǳǿߣҲҽ붴Ѩ벽˳ӷ磬˰׾á
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ͻأһ޴ĺ𣬳ӷȥұϵֻԳȻٶȣԽԽ죬Գϣɢǿҵ⣡


1484 ǿŮ
Ѩ⣬ӦþֻԳģһֻǽϵԳôܻһֻأֻһǾǣֻԳǱӡǽϣ˽붴ѨҿұʱֻԳͻѹ
һεȻԽ׾øѹסð׾ʧ֮һĵطôһ߹һ֤Ѩ򵥣һ벻ʲôڣ
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뽫ջʱӷȻ֣ǵԳұϣѾ˵ѺۣΪȼյĹϵԳͣ𶯣ұϵʯͷȫ䣬ģʾһƽұڣƽұϣźܶͼڣЩͼһƬƬƶ䣬һʻգŴأžſǡ
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ӷǰһƬģŮӣԽԽˣȴڴģ¶˶Ѽȥˣ


1485 ƽڣ
Ҳ֪˶ãӷ绺۾ֿǽʱ˵Ĵ̫˰ɣӷ綼ԼһֻҪǲ˺ʱ֮ڶԻָ
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ӷǰڣûиоŮڣǿɸղһƣֵĵȷȷǳǿߵѽ⵽ô£Լһȭеɣ
վҼʶһ£ǿߣǿһôľ磿
ǿߣǲǸˣҲǳǿߣӲԴߣֻǸͨ˰ˡ
ƣźơ
һͨˣһưҴˣ⿪ʲôЦ
ӷ粻ɵЦһ˵ٲʵͱҲˡ
ûƭ㣬ҵȷǸͨˣ㲻ŵĻԼ
ӷеԥ˵ԼͨˣԼҲûоڵжǿ󣬶ңǵʧ
ôղŵȥˣ
˵ҽɣ
裿

Ϊǲ񷶦ѽ㻹ԽЦɿˣ
Ȼ㲻ʵҾͲˡ
һ¡Ļ;ܶ֡
˵ʲô
Ǹħޡ
ħޣ
׾ã
һħޣһΨһӵųΪħޣû´ĻӦħŮɡ
Ůû׾ãȴ֪׾õݣ֣
ô֪
˵ͨˣղŴһƵҽģˣǸѡ

ӷһѹѾͷղſһƽԼˣǴԼǽ׾õġ
֪ԼӦһ˽ˣ׾øս붴ѨʧԭǱѾͷˣ
˵ͨˣһͨˣôճǿߵ
յģǻƽʯյġ
ƽʯ
㲻ŵĻһͿԸоһǵǸղŴħģӦѾľˡ
ӷ簴Ů˵ղǸоһ£оڴһ
ҲŮ˵ڵڲϵʧ
ô£Щƽ𣬾Ȼġ
ӷ绰䣬е룬ѾȫСʱͬʱ룬Ҳ˱仯Ϊһˮ룬ΧһУҲڿʼ仯ӻƽ𣬱ˮЩˮӷ翴Żе죡
ЩˮǡϴڲɵˮЩһģ


1486 Ϲż
ǵĵʱˮǰˮһģңӷ統ʱˮڵԼΪ͵СתƵӷϣҲΪˮĹϵ
û뵽ƽڣ֮ڣȻּˮңƽڣˮɵģѹְ׾õᱻˡ
ϸһ룬Ҳѽ
ʱˮǳģӷպˮʧˡǰЩˮڷת֮ʧģ˵ڻˮպ෴
ƽʯһôʣˮǲͬһ֣
ӷ£ΪһǳҪ飬סеİڣǶΪ𵽾Եİ
ŮڵϣӷڲܸԼκвˣǰʵ𣿡
ŮûκεķŭˬȻǸͨˣ֮ǰҲǽ˰׾õǲ̫صģҪеѣ
˵أ
ŮǼѵҪȴӷס֣ҲʱֳʿķˣΪ˴ﵽԼĿģӷ粻ò
ʲô֣
Ů£ӷҪ˽Ůƽڣ
ҽ¶
¶һô֣·Ҷ֮ϣγɵһ¶Σ˵Сһֽ֣ΪһʮĻ档
¶Сãܸܲңƽڣʲôģôڵģ㣬Ϊʲô
һ⣬ͽ¶ĵϸȫˡ
˵¶ʶӷ磬ӷǸİˣһԼҵİˣͬС͵㣬Ͳܻشӷκ⡣
ӷϵģͲҪ̫ҲҪȥ׻¶Ǹδ棬ҲûӴĺӣش˵ĹڣȻҲҵ˽ģΪʲôΪǼ
شеͷʹҲ޷ҵκεĲԡ
ûȻڣأȻĹѨˣһ˻ĹѨӷ绹δţżģ
˵ļ壿Ҳ˵˴ڣ
֮ǰС
֮ǰУʲô˼
˵֮ǰʲôʱ򣿡
ڼǰɣǶ뿪ˡ
뿪
¶ӷʲô˵롣ҵֻǳȥ˶ѣûأ
ȥˣ뿪ƽڣ
㲻˵ļ壬Ϊʲôˣ뿪
Ҳ֪ҸֻǽغüңǺǳȥʲôȥˣ˶ȥˣҲ֪ʲôʱ
ˣļ壬жˣ
ҲǺܶ࣬Ҹĸ壬ùãңպʮ
Ǽ壬ΪʲôһĹڣΪʲôڰ棿
ǣʲôǣҲֻ֪֪ںܾúܾǰҵļѾˡүүǰңǸʱ磬ȫһֻҪŴ򿪣ܿոصġ
ƽڣڴѩɽ֮ڣ¶˵ǰֻҪţͿԿոأҲ˵¶˵ʱ㣬ӦûڴѩɽѩôЩ½ĵΣӦ÷˷츲صı仯ǾǡǴ½Ϲʱˣ
û뵽ѽȻһϹʱļ壬ң壬Բ֪ģʲô¥ʲôʲôŴиħ壬ͳͳɸˣ
ҵˣΪһôľ磿˵ˣΪʲô磿
㣬ӷҪһϹŴļ壬һδӴǰͻȻܳȥļ壬ǵΪӦöײŶԣһպΪ˵ˣǾ鷳ˡ
˭Ǽģ
㲻ǽ¶𣿡
Ҽ˶¶ǼҲꡣ
ʲô
£
ۡ
ӷһѣˣҲ£Ҳµĵëѽ
Сãһ²
ҾͲˡ
Ϊʲôأ
ΪǼѵģܽǵ˵ݣ˵ҲΪˣҸףûңǼ壬ʲôġ
ϻ
˰ʣԼ֪Ҳ¡
Ҳͦ˼ģΪһĳԱһϹŴļ壬ȻԼļ϶֪壬治һָأ
ʲôӷԿ϶ǣˣΪӦöߣǵļԱͲʮôˣһǿߣ׾ģԻǧ꣬¶үүȴѾˣʣµģֻһˣֻǲ֪һµļ壬ΪʲôڼǰͻȻ뿪ˣȥʲôҪĶЩӷûϵӷҲȥʡ


1487 ûջƽڣ
ܸܲңЩνĻƽʯһʲôʣΪʲô
ʣʲô˼ѽ
ӷˣ磬û֪ʡһʵ˼ﲻ֣ϵ⣬綼ż
ҵ˼˵Щƽʯһʲôʯͷȥձ˵ԽȡתƵ˵ȥ
˵ѽֻƽʯ֮Դۼγɵѽ
֮Դ
ӷŴ֮ͣԴγһֿʣΪʲôǰ˵
ڿЦɣ֮Դôγʯͷ
ˣҸ˵Ϊڵ֮ԴʮǿҲ˵ԴԴϵģܶʱ֮Դһطط֮ԴʱûбߵĻھ֮󣬾ͻ۶ʯͷǼҵ֣еһлƽʯһʯͷа׽ʯʯͷ෴ãƽʯձ˵תƵһ˵ȥȴԴڵ̫ãһʱڲյתƵһϣͻԶɢȥڰ׽ʯһִ洢ʯͷԵĴ洢ǿ˵ǲתƵȥģܽ׽ʯǻΪ֮á
¶˵Щӷ֪ԭʯͷһְ׽ʯʱԼ׽ʯˣǲܵԼģ
ӣʯͷӦǷǳϡٵġãΪ̫ãǵõˣҲ̫á
ѽǻƽʯǰ׽ʯ޵ģӷĲ񷶦޵Ĵڡ
˭˵ûõġǼһм׽ʯأ׽ʯƽʯһǺܺġ
ò棬ӷһҲȤȻûĶһϹż壬ֲԶ¶ļ˻ݷһ°ɣ˵µļ壬֪Ǵ½еĸλã뻷жԶ֪ôܻػȥ
¶СãǳǸˡһбҪȸˡ
ľӣڵԼѡӷɲʱ˷ûõĵط
¶סӷ˵ȱһڼҺĵġʯͷѽ
˵ţ¶Ӵ£ó˼ˮˮ͸ڻһӣΪʮյ֮Դ۶γɵģҲҲ͵嵽ʲôرΪʲôһ˻Բϵ֮Դ۳˰׽ʯӷֻ뿪
ɾڳӷҪʱȴķ֣¶óİ׽ʯƽʯһʯͷȻԶ
ӷֹͣ½Ųʯͷⷿڣͣķš
ɣ
˰ɣʯͷһǿԷɵŶ
¶ԵķǳһƵġ
ôԷɣ
Ҳ֪ѽֻҪʯͷ벻ԶĻǾͻԶȻͻԶġȻֻҪһʯͷÿǾͷɲˡ
¶չָӷ翴һ£Ȼһʯͷһ飬͵˵ϡ
³ӷɲˣĺ£ɵϲ߰ɡ
ȻӷҲЩʯͷȥԼΪΪЩʯͷڳӷ˵Ÿˡ
ӷ罫ʯͷȻʯͷȻԶһ
Ȼӷֽʯͷ˶෽Ĳԣеʱʯͷ῿еʱʯͷͺĵֿƵģԶֿƲס
˼Ȼһִʯ
ûʯͷŴʯر𣬵ȴȴʯҪرĶࡣ
ƽʯΪ׽ʯΪͬΪ֣һһĻͻǺöѽ
ӷ˷ܵʵСãжʯͷ
ܶѽҼȫǡ
ѽⲻǷϻطɻƽʯɵġ
ôһ㣬̫ˣӷҪģǱǧ򱶡
Сã˵һ˴ڼģҴȥòã
ȻˣҸײҳȥģǻ˼Ҳڼңһżġ
£ҲǺԶҵ档
ʲô𣿡
Ȼˣգаƣзѩˬ磬ңҪöˡ
ԥЩ¶˵ǾԵԥѽһСƽڣûѾͷһӷ˵磬ǱʲôҪ˷ܡ
ǺãҸȥ棬Ҳ̫ãҪؼҵŶ
ؼң㻹ؼң˼һ뿪ļңͲˣĻƽʯȫûˣ˭Ǽҽڴѩɽ֮ˣƬѩҵģƽʯĹڣ


1488 Ŀ
Ѩĳ֣˰еǿߣƶǼˣҲȫ˹˵ǱСթˮûˣǮЩһ˵ԶԶʵҪƶ컹壬ȫڵȣһΪȥˣҪûԭԼһС
Ǹˮ̣ҲɽµĶˣȫڶѨȴţӷ׾ܻܲ߳
ֵʿڳӷ׾ý붴Ѩ󣬾Ѿֹͣս˫ʿҲصսʱУ˴ֵ໥˳֮⡣
ǣ˵ܲܳ
СǵȵĲͷˣһôȥ׬ǮأںģǳӷİȫΪӵеһУȫǳӷģһӷ£ҲҪŵùˣȫΪӷĳ֣ÿһ˵˷츲صı仯˵ӷİȫϵһˣǹϵ˺ܶ˵ˡ
С֣˫۲ͣĶŶѨ
˴ԼʱңѨڣ˽ŲŲҲǽ붴Ѩĳӷ׾ѽ
һˣ
ȫʿս׼
ȥˣʱˣ˻˭
ԣˣڶѨ֮ڵģڣǸӷһģ޷϶ǵ֮ǰ˭ҲСӡ
ֱӷ߳ѨӰǰ󣬰׾ҲѾˣǶ˵ȴһˡ
ৡ
ʮ˵ӰٶȣҲǵһʱ䣬ڳӷ׾߳Ѩͬʱȫǿҵɱ˸סˡ
¡
ųӷһ£ͻȻֵʮ˹ȣʱʧ֮ǰڵϵɱҲͻȻʧΡ
ɱ߱Ⱦ˵硣˵߾ߣΣ
һƽװ¶˵⣬ÿһ˵۾¶ϣͲȴһƽװŮ׻ʲôˣΪʲôӷˣѨ˳
˵ѾͷǶѨڵˣĴҲѽ˵һںڰеˣŲӦ˻ѽһĻƽװǻۣͷģõģһͷ
ʲôˡ
ӣû°ɣ
Ķһǰʵ
ӷЦҡҡͷ֮ǰܵҲǺأǰ׾ãɫе԰ס
㣬ôˣ
û¡ôûģ
ģЩһ
šǾͺã˸Ļͳͳɱˡ
òϣ׾ڵܲãҪɱˣҲһ
ѩ磬¶ϣĺ䣬ܲ˵ġ
㲻˵ܺˣҲѽУ̫ˣҪؼȥ
¶תҪضѨڣӷòװƭҪõƽڣôȥ
ǣʲôҩԡ
Ҳ¶ʲôˣùһƿҩݸ¶
λС㣬ҩͲˡ
¶һĻûУֱӽӹҩͺȥʱ;ϵĺȫɢȥˡ
ûȥ¶ˣȫųӷ磬ÿһ˶ӳӷĿУ֪¶ʲôˡ
ӷͲҪκ˻㱨ʲôԼ˳Ҳûʲôϵ
Ķ
ǣӡ
Ȼسȥһ𣬰ѳڸһ㣬죬һλĿҪǣȫˣ׼ӭӣѳһ㡣סҪ֣Ե֡
Ŀˣ
˵ģѵСѾͷεºѽ
⣬˭ȥʣӷڲǰİشģˣ
Ķ˵ͷһ¶Сһ𷵻سȥ
׾˵ҲȻȥˡ
ӷ֪׾øոʧ˺ܶڱҪȻȥҲãٲ˵
ţеʿ֮⣬ˣȫȻȥɡ
ʿ£ҪʼǣǲְͬλǳΪսʿͬʱӷҲ¶оһ־˵ǣ뿪ƽڣ͸оһѾԵѪ顣
Ǹ֮⣬ûسǵȫȥ
¶ʱ˵һ㶼أղǶͦúȵģܲٸҺһƿ
ҩֻܺһƿģˣ岻̫á
ǲǴȥѽ
ȻǴô򵥣һα½֮ǰұҪȴ顣
ʲôѽ𣿡
ܺġ֪֪ʲôǾӣ
֪
Ҿȼʶһ£˵Ѫ
䣬ӷߺһжӡ
ʿȫ嶯ٶ֮죬֮룬ȲǵйӣҲȥ
͹ӣ׷ʿһǧ˰ˣϡֵǰ˵
͹ӣڷʿǧˣϡ
ݷһǧ˰ˣڷһǧˣҲ˵ˣѾسȥˣѾˣǣȫȡʸʣµЩȻûͨĿ飬ӷ֪ǣѾ˾Եʸ񣬳ΪԼֵµսʿ


1489 ֧
Ѿֵ˽е˳ӷǰ
ʿ˵ǺģͲȴеıʣǸֵԭǰȷ棬ʲôսϣľӣǳǰģİεսУֵҲ֪˶ٴΣǰйϵһսˣֻΪ̫Сûбһߵļ
ڴǻͷڰȴҲĬĬ֮ΪǰƼˣǵɱ¾һʽʿ˻ͷ
ڻͷＸʱ䣬ÿİ濪ʱ꽫ʿǵķ֮һӻͷһսľƣƣܶʱ򣬴ķǳλҲ㵽İһôߣֻǺܿϧ飬δκһͬһͷĻ˭ȥţ
ֵ֮ìܣΪһΰİһδսУһ֧Сֶ˵оİΧ޷ͻƣǸʱ򣬴һֵܸպ֧СֶУΪ˾ԼֵܣŻͷҹϮӪҪֵܾȳɵǣʱֵҲӵҹϮӪֱӸ֧ͷˣ°߻δİԼˣȶ֮֡ȻΥļûˣֵҲΪĻͷۣû񣬱˴ʱ䣬ԣ˼͸Ƶģ˭Ҳ˭˳ۣӻǱȽϳȵģܶʱ̣̲סˣҲʿɶֵֹƽְˣ
ƼѾ̨ˣѾˣҲζţܶǰûˣڣ˻ᣬȻǰǣҪ㹻Żõӷá
ǴĻͷǸֵȷǳӷеģ֧ӣŵһʺϵλȥֵ֧ͷҪսǾ͵ȥһԶûеľӣһɢɳû
д
ǵģ͹ӡ
һǸֵˣ
ǣ͹ӡ
˭Ƚǿһ㣿
ʵе֣ҲǶԻͷȷ˵֣ǿһܺõ⡣
͹ӣҸֵţСҵƨǡ
ֵҲ̫˰ɡ
ȴ˵ͷѾ˲ˬˡ
ô붯֣
ѵǻͷȷɡ
־ͷ
ֱ֧Ӿͽֿߣеıȫ˳
һĻ¶ûκεĺ£ǷǳʵӣԱ߲֣ͣд
ǵǿˡ
Ӧлͷס֣˵͹ӣҵĴ
˫ûˣҪûһѪԵľˣʲôˡ
˶٣ӷ˵þ
ǣӡ
̳Ʊ˰˹ӷһָڼ̳ƣ˵ҪֳߵףҪȳ£һҪ֡ܶʱǿġ֮䣬ʲôᣬҲʲôͻڱӿ֮䣬ᣬǳͻǼ£˴һʲôͻûУǾ˵ˣ˿ĸԡ㣬ֵ󣿡
ʮ塣
أ
ʮ
ߣ
һװ塣
Ϊ
Ʒ

絶
Դ
ǧն
ﻹʲôˣ
һүү
ΪΣ
Լ壬ԵĺӲ顣
ܺȶپƣ
̳
ӷ˵ͷԸֵʵ˵ģԲԣ
ֵκεԥشԡ
Ǳ㣬ڴ˽٣
͹ӣղ⣬Ҳȫ
ǱӾͲҪˡ˵ģǲģ
ǡ
ܺá˽ԼˣԼˣҲԼѣӲԼֵܣǣԼĵˡȻԷԼĵˣҲǳΪѣôǻ˰ɡҪסʲôʱǵˣҪ
˶û׳ӷʲô˼Ҳ׵ģһˡ
ҪӽΪֵȷרͷԸԸ
һ㶣лͷҲһ㶣ֵȷǱ߿ɸ˻ˡ
ӣҡ
ֻ㣬ԸԸˣǸˣģʲô
ӣԵķӡ
ܺá
ӣԸ⣬ͷҲԸ⡣
ӷһתʵֵҪ㣬ȷͷϴ·ÿ극󣬸Ǵ㣬ȷԸԸ⣿
͹ӣЦİɣǿȷ˵ǻǱоЦġ
Ǿ仰Ȼʲô
ӣԵķӡԸ⡣
ܺáסڿʼֵһսǻͷҪеʳ޾ӣһȷˣǻͷҪһʱսӽ˵˸սˣҲҪǵʬ壬ΪӲκһʿһսʿս󣬻ز˼ҡ
ǣ͹ӡ
оǣڿʼӣֻ֧һ֧Ϊȷһ֧Ϊͷľˣ֧ӣָӡ֧ӣսϣڳڣֻҪ£ȷ󣬶ͷ͸֮飬ռ鱨Ҳ˵ȷڻͷһͷ鱨ǵһģȷ෴ģһȷǱߴˣģͲǻͷˣǣǣΪ֮ūΪ˵ūɿԣϿԡ
ӣҪ̫ӣӷղ˵֧Ϳ԰еˣ

ڡ
ѾƵϣнʿƱһ٣֮󣬳Ұǳư½˭ٺһξƣɱ⣬ҲԼڡ
ǣӡ


1490 ճ
ӵĲֻǵģԼԼģǾһ嶼ûУ˷ʱ䣬ûʲô
ӷ뵽һǳõķȻ׾ڰǣôͽһħ壬ѵԼľӡ
Ƭѩ򣬳Ϊ˰ӵѵħޣҲڽӵ׾´󣬷ѩ䲻ħ壬ʮ֮һӦùǿˡ
ֵ֧ӣôǧˣҪħȺǹƵǻصǵʱ򣬾ֻʣ¼Ҳ˵ɳӷ粢ЩҲ˴㡣
ڽУ֧ӣȫڴѩнļѵҲζţڣ޾أǣҪȫ׼һڳκ⣬Ҫһʱһʮ˹ڰЭ㡣
ֵ֧Ѿȫ󣬳ӷǻسסһҲһ˵Ļɡ
ӷԼȴûлسǣΪڵĶ׼׼ӭ¶λˣȻû֪ӷΪʲôҪΪһСѾͷôĳ棬ãԳӷľκεĲ
ֻӷԼ˵ڵİǣ˵һճˣһûоӵĳǳأʱᱻ˹ѾΪǣòһЩ
ӣȻ֪Щ鲻öʣһ֪Ѿͷʲôˣ
ʲôˣ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ʵӷԼ֪¶ʲôˣ֪ģֻһǴ½ϹŴļ壬㣬ӷ粢κˣڡ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣҪĶ
ʲô
ǣˣǸѨڶѨڣһ񹬵ƵĽ֮ǰҽˣʯͷȫ˽ڣһΪȫĵط

ǶѨһȲ˵Ѿܾˡ
ӣ˼˵СѾͷסڶѨǹˣ
ûǿ˵һĹڣҲ˵ѾͷĹڣĹߡĹڣĲϣң˵ǳáǳưԴ½ǽҪػɶЩˣ
Ȼӷ綼˵ˣȻκεĻɣ˵ãȥ졣
סȥˣΪܳʥƷľ磬ȫʥһƷġ
ӷ׾һ붴Ѩ׾õƽʯգӷһҲûУⲻòóӷ绳ɣƽʯյģֻЩǿߵΪ׵ģӷ籾ΪԴߣƽʯղ˵ġȻҲųӷѪ壬Իƽʯ޷գΪ˱ӷҪ׼
һͨ˽ȥԴ߳⣬ͨȥ𡣡
ǣӡ
¶ʱվڰſڣΧķ羰
ѩǸ֮أòϣķ羰ʵںһȥкܶ಻ͬɫıЩطġ
¶ô磬ңҪĶɣ
¶ǰڳӷҪסصѨȥȻļұˣһ鷳ġ
ӷ粢ǵ¶СѾͷԼʲôвǵļˣЩһΪӷ²Ⲣߣǵϣ˵ҲлƽʯǿߵΪ֮ãǿһѽ
ʵ̫ˣһûôĵطء
ڶѨܿģ˻ƽɫʯͷ֮⣬ˮʯͷ߲ͬķű仯˵ĵ˭ֵطʮʮ꣬ܲ˵ģ
Ժ͸һɣҿԴα½㿴δ뵽һС
ʵ̫ˡһҪؼҵģҸǣʱġ
ģһţһ˻ˣһὫǽӵСסġ˵ҲھӣֻǴδ֪ĴڰˣȻ֪ˣǾҪһԺõھӣ˵Բԣ
ѽЩңҵļˣҲǷǳįġھӣòġ
Ǻãھͽȥɣڳڻкܶˡ
ղ𣿡
ȻǣղЩҵľӣڵģǾ񡣡
ӣǸʲôģ
Ǵ̵ġ磬Ҳ໥֮ᣬΪЩĵط໥֮䲻ͣչɱ¾
ɱ¾ܺӡ
Σ
һͨСѾͷȻ˵ɱ¾ܺ棡
㿴ɱ¾𣿡
ûУҼ˵ںܾúܾǰҵļ壬ǷǳǿģһЩǳļһأϧǣҵļˣԭļ԰˺ܶˡ
˵ϣ֮⣬һϹż壿
ǵģҸ˵磬ֻһϹżġ
ǵʱǴģʲôˣ
Ҳ֪İɡ
ģ
ӷ翴¶ڲͣϸš
ģѵھǴ½ϹʱڣҲ
үүʱ߹ңʱǶԷ͵ϮǵĻǵļͲ䣬磬Ҳӡ
ӣʲôӣѵϹŵľǴ½¶ļͳεģ
ʵǼĶǳ࣬ÿһˣûǹ𣬵ȴûǸȥүүʱ˵Ҫ𣬾ҪѧĵĵȴֻҪʱһͿҼ嵱硣
ӷЦһǼʲô𣬵ʲôˣҲʲô£ֻҪҪԾͺãȻ壬Ϲʱûڣǵ֮ա
ˣڹƶѾ׼ˣȽȥɡ


1491 İа
İǣڡ
Ӣִϣȫۼڴˣڣȴûκһ˵ģǶڵȴʲôƵġ
ǳҪӻ֮ʲô£ʲôʱǸǳҪӵˣθǵУ˵ûռһ˿ıˣǣһǸסˣȥҩ˺¼˵ǵʵµ⣬һҪӵ˵ܻ뾡һзԼҳһһɣûȥҲû˻ΪЩ¿ȴԼԼ
Ե㣬Ƕûϵǰǿƣ෴һԱķǳصˣҲֻˣŻᴦҪӣԼκεʧܣ˵ǰһΣǰܰΣĽܲˣǳеһ޴ĵƵġ
Դӻصİ֮󣬵ûиκ˽ӴҲûκˣſָһ𳤴ģһ档
죬İصӣİҶ˵ͬһ͵ˣû¾ϲչеĴСȫȥ
ʵİаȻͬĶԱȣԼ䣬Ҳ䲻ҪӡаǸһҲҪֻҪкôʲô鶼ȥûַļһɵаʧУõ벻ĺôܣ͸йϵɣаһа֮ʧеõĶ
ٳε飬ĴҲý·ϡ
ڳҲֻһӢҸڵĵ˵ˣһҲҡ
˵ʦӦױչ֮ǰҾʹӦ֮һ°ǵġڣǲû£Լ۽ʵǲ֪ô׽
ٳҪķſһ㣬ҲҪκνġϾε飬󲻵ġڿԿ϶ǣеĵһǿߣǣͣ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡպڸǶսʱֻҪס֮ͣ飬ͺðˣ
ͣСӵΪһôľ磿ʦǱߣϢ
ˣҲǳصҪԭ򡣡
Ŷ
ٳ⼸һֱԼ֪顣ǷѾ

ʱһ󾢷ǰһɫĹâֻһߣӦ˵һԼʮҵˣ˱֮ϡ
һɫĳۣһͷɫͷƤǰɫģ·𰵺ɫһƵġ
ݼ
֮⣬ˣȫ
˹һЦ˵ôˣɡ
ˣİǵĳĸףа
壬İӴһ壬ͳİѾüǧˣ˵һ壬İǵĳ֮⣬ɵġ
һа֮⣬ȻĳԱ˵а֮⣬⻹һǳ˲ˣǵа֣ҲǵĴ󲮣
ԭİǵĳӦɵһμ̳˵εģ˵аһ𣬲ŵĵһ̳ˣΪҲڵа֮ϣɴһа֮ںһ֮λ˭Ҫǵˣϵײβ֮ʮѣҲ֪ԼԸڵ꣬ŻὫλøаġ
˵İеĵһǿߣҲĵһǿߣǹϵģһδİ¶ˣһֱ棬Ҳû֪ʲôطڸЩʲô
д˵ų֮ڣ۶λصĳΨһһǿߣȴҲһˣ۶ģˣǵ𣬵Ϊûеﳬ磬ģֻķ̫ǿ󣬻һΪ𣬳İǵĵһǿ֮⣬Ψһһ볬ǿ֮⣬һʦƳǿķΪá
ͦ˶վˣɵаȴûȥİǽʱ飬ʵӢûҴϢ
ӢЦһ·֪аƵģشس⼸ûүϢɳ˺ܶˣұ½Ҳү
аȻǳǳĴ磬Ȼİǵ˳֮ΪүһĴү
վһԲ˵ʵһΪԴڵаǵڵʮ꣬һΣָʱ䣬֮󣬵ͰյķͣʥƷľ硣
ôˣİЩҲ˷츲صı仯絽ӰҲûҵĿǰǸ۶ǣѾʼˣ¥ǻټҲƽһƼСӼ̳ξټ壬Ƕ֮ˣ
չôã飬ȴ˵аɼǽʱ䣬£㱨
ξټ̳УѾΪξƼ˹ϵ¥棬ҲûưԴ½۶ǱߣǸصĳҲѾչֳ˵۶ǵıɽһǣ۶ѾʼְˣΪҪǡ
ǰǣ
ȺӢ˵꣬анӻ
ǵģڵİѾҶϼһﲻ֪ʲô񾭣˰ǣ㽫ǸˡҶʧˣһǵСӵ˳
ǣǰǰξ£Ĵˣؾ֡СӣҲΪͷʹģСӡ
ӢûԭҪ壬һ͵ѣڶ̶һ֮ڣʶǣǽƵȼȫѹסǵľǣ͵ˡ֮⣬Ͳ֪ʲôǵľһ룬Զ˺ܶʿһ㣬ǵľӣֻʣ¼ǧˡ
ǧˣ˵ķݡͼȻôʱͳǣǾһǸ򵥵Ľɫһԭ򡣡
ûħŮ׾ִ½һվͬһսϣڵͣǽħʼѵӣƹһʱ䣬ǼǧʿҪһ֡
Ӣֻ˱ϵ顣
˼ǡ
ûˣһ࣬ˣǵ˴ϢǣЩʿûбǱ͸ռһط˵ôˣϽ죬ǣͻᱻʬζǣ޷ȥֲɵӣôܻ顣
˼˵Щʿʬ壬бô
ʲôãڻ֪˵ûã˭Űɡ
ˣȥһ£͵ʲô

аʰǵ飬ת˵
ǣס
֮ǰӢѾ˵ˣܶ飬㲻ҪϣҲĴ
ףҴӦ飬һ쵽һ֧ӣһ°ǵġ
а̾˿ʱȥǴ򣬹֪ͻʲôǵȹʱ˵ɡ
ҪģŬΪȥ飬ʱȲùܡ
Ǹס
ȵΪֹɡӢȥ鷿һˡ
ǣ


1492 
ǲʲô£ٳ֪ģ
鷿ڣҲ˵ʲôϻΪ֪ڵаǰҪ̫ķϻ
а¼ĹϵͬʱҲǶĺѡ
뵱ĵаİǵĳ͸ڵĵһٳ֮һǸʱ͸ǷǳҪõѣҲΪˣԴӵ뿪İǺ󣬵аẒ̌˵ǵʦ򣬲ǵʦںǳףûеԵĽ̵֮ĵҲܽǱȫӳССͣܵʥƷľ硣
ˣϲǿʤ㣬ǰ뵱ңҲˡ
аĪһ仰úͷԣյаԸԲΪεʧܶϵģӲȥʲô죬Ϊʲô˵ⷬ
ǲǾʲô⣿
һеģȴǰϡ
ǳ˼ǡ
͡
ͣǵģܻͣΪٳպĴУ
ʱ򣬺򻰸䣬鷿ڣ˵˵
ǿܣǾԡ
ʲôˣ
аһҪ֡
ҪԼˡ
аһЦ˵ȻѾˣǾɡ
һӰ鷿ڡ
ɫļΪѿǰˣͲ󣬸࣬ΪʵǸߵĿ£ԼûĴڣǵ˵ĻҪɱԼаĻԼ˵ͷѾڱˡ
ʲôˣ
аûκεĽţ˵һ¡λСֵܣİ֣ҶԸǣԸ͵ġ
Ӱ¶㣬ʸ߹һ֪Ǹ򵥵ĽɫôһˣԼǰδ˵
ǶԸǵģİǵͲҪ˵İæѽ
ǰҪڣҪ
˸ûһ
СӣǻԿġ
ҳô࣬δԹ
ӦûԿ°ɣһˣ㻹˵仰
˲˵ʲôǵаЦһ˵һ¡λǣ𡣡

ɫʱһ䣬ķǳѿѿһ㡣
ǡ
аһֹֻ֣סҪ˵Ļ
ҪôţȻİǣȻİǵĵˡ
ʵû뵽İǣһ˴ֻǲ֪µʵǷ紫еǰ
ôҪдһ£
ңֻһ°ˡ
ͻأ鷿ڣһǿѹסʱγһǺܴҲ˵ǽΧ鷿֮ڡ
⣬ⲻܣ
ôϣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
䣬ʧаǰ˵ȻҪһԸǣǾѡֵܣҲҪһʶŪʵĻĶ֡
ɵһЦ˵İǣҲˡ滳ɣǣʵȥͶսô³
㡭
ΪİǵһִϣھȻ䣬Ȼƽ⣡
İȲ˾¥ξټ壬ҲҪԸһǣһͣԼʵ㹻ˡ
ôĿԼʵûǰһǳᱻİ̲ʱͬˡİǣǳһͣҪ֪׾ãҲ˰ǣ⽫ζʲô
׾ħŮס壬Ҳ˵ħ壬пܣѾվ˰ߡ
Ҫİһ֮ȥԸǸħ壬Ǹûʲô
а˵˵ûһǣһͣǻҪڣ׾ڰǣǰǵͲСˣЩʿʬ壬û֪ʲôǲòһЩ
ǳҶ飬ӦñҸɣ
аصȴɵЦҶֻһˡ
ȻҶˣҲ˵ǵǳףһƵˣ
׵ȷƵģǳϷȴˣڱƣΪģֻ̽һͰˣϣҲۼʶ͵
ûϷȷǼʶˣͬʱҲû
ȻҸͲʹˡ
˵⻰ʱҲûף֮ǰûףĳҪҲȥðգһڰǶĵƣƿ
ˡѾֶԸǣҪģǶǣʲô紵ݶʱһ㱨⣬ҲԸϣ㲻Ҫ̬ȶˣϾݣ֪ġ
Ȼа˵ˣѵɡ
ãͰճ˵İɡϷ˵ǰ棬ǶԸǵģϷ򲻻㡣ĿģΪٸߣϷҵˣҲԲ뿪İǵġ
϶ˡԺͺɡ
ϣˡ


1493 ٤ɽ
ܱаԽӼĿˣ˵ΪģⲻİǣŷκһУᱻأˣҲݣ٣ΪѾ֤һˡ
аͳ֮⣬ûİ̫ԶİǸһСɽоȻֵطɼħޣȴһҲûη壬·Ҫ½ħͬסһƵģ
Сɽ֮УʵʵڲףΪʲôҪϣ
壬壬ҲǾǴ½ϵһȴبŴģǴ𲽵ģҲ˵ĵһμ壬֮ϣûκǿƵĴڡ
һ֮ͿԳһ壬統ʱıаеֻ統ʱıа֪Ҫǿٱ
ŹĴˣȴδл˵½Ҳû˼ȻǺαȥΪء
ǳİҪɾһҵ綼Ҫģڿİǳ룬һİǵĲָˣǶǣǺܳԿġ
㲻õģΪ˵ûİǵľַҽʵȫҲκε׼ģΪԣԼκһˣ
˵Ϊ˵ҲȷὫǵľǣҲ̫ѽ
аЦһ˵ԸԶ޷ıģһõӣ͸˵ˡʵˣ½һУԾ¥ξټ壬Ҳ㹻֮һսһΣҿԾԵı֤Լ˼
Լ˼ѵı󣬻˲ɣ
û𱳺Ӧûһ˰ıײߣǸˣĳп¡Ǻ¼ģȴˣҪģΪģ̽һ͵ʵѡ
˵˵Ķģǲ֮ˣΨһҪԸģֻͣİǺѲɣһͣôطǳһ𣬶ĵˡ
жô£ڲҪȥܣҲҪȥ룬ֻ̫࣬оԷԽǿ󡣷𱳺ǸˣΪʲôרͣ¥ҲûΪĶͷǳˡ
𱳺ˣ᲻ʶ
ҾͲ֪ˡͣ𱳺ˣǸԵʲôܣˣǶҪֹһ¡
ţˡ
ȻسȥɣûʲôĻҲҪûҪͷҪҲİԼ⣬ǱûɳʲôæҪİɳӵĻƴǵľƴǵƴǲ˵ģҼ˸ˣûذˣ
ǣ
סСɽ֮ڣһˣվһľǰ
Ѿ˼İǷˣʲô㣿
ߵʵ
˲ͣڽ·ûƵģ𣬿Ҳû˿Թԡ
ҪĶ
˱߽óһײ
ӹһڰײϣһͼ
½ĵͼ
ûǰ½ûĵͼҲǰĺܶǿߣڳǿߣ޷ĳưԴ½ڣֻҪͼٰѶ෽ʵľ²ָȥպİҵ𵽺ܴİ
ΪʲôҪһݣˣȫĻȥ£УȻ˵Ŀ֮ǰŴ½ͼһ֤ûпˡ
û뵽ô̵ʱڣͿԻ½ĵͼʵ˲𡣡
Ҫ̫ǿˣΪܰ飬ͬĵ
ô˽֪ͣˣΪֵء
ֵܣҸûֺͣ˵ֵܡ
ȻûͣΪʲôô˽⣿
㲻Ҫ֪ڲҪ֪ʱˣȻġ
٣ҪʲôְɡʶҲѾдˣҶ㣬û˿Ļɡ
ת˵Խ٤ɽˡ
٤ɽˣ
һǳ֣Ҳǳرĳƺš
ⲻֻ֣˵ǸƺŰˡ
ӣ㻹ǲңȻˣҲʣֻҪܰɰҵǾѡ
٤ɽЦ죬Ұ˶Ը㣬ǣǾǵˣ
ȻģˣѵˣǵˣβΪҪҸİ֣ҸͲὫһ
Ҫİ֣ΪҪģǶԸ֮ͣǰѾ߹ˣͲǸöԸĽɫҪ״ܣҪۼͬİһаһǼνִϣҶûзϣҿõǵ𡣡
𣿵аĴ磿
ûһ𣬱ȵõİǻҪ㣬ķ½ΪǿģҲֻеķ͵Щƴһ£ģǰ


1494 ɱ˷Ż
ʱĺܿ죬ת¹ȥˣӷѡľӣµʱ䣬ûóӷʧʣˣûһ̭ģѵ֮⣬ûκħ޼֮¡
׾ľŴħҲû뿪ǣԣħ壬ڻѾһߣ໥֮䣬棬ȫڸģҲûκεĳͻ
ɷĿǰΪֹŰ׾òţܰ׾ߵʲôط͸ʲôطССĸӣںڵƤǰ׾õСƵģ½˭ȥСӡ
ò˵ǣСֵȷǾӪԴԴߵǰ֮ΪһҲûվһˣ԰Ū׬Ǯ棬ǳ͵ģǺܶöȫװһһ֣˵ĳУеǮ׬˹
̶ʱ֮ڣӷһУǵĲȴͳͳСֵĿڴĶÿΪķʱҳӷ磬ûãҪȥС֣Ҳʱܴѹʹѹһ£ѹˣҲԿǱߣһʿڣ
ʱƣ½ϵҲѾİǷľӣʱ۶ǱߣҲѾһչ˳棬˵ξѾͳ򣬽еļۼΪһ㣬׼δɹһ£ǾǳưԴ½ʶ¡
¥棬֮ûҵ¼ңսʼھһѰҰ֮ɵͬʱҲѾһ¾¥¥һ˳⵼ЩĳǿߣһȫѾˡ
巽棬һϢɳˣͣȰ˵ܲãһ壬Ҳȥ
ܶʱ򣬲㲻飬Ͳᷢ
ǰ죬дԳ֣˵Ǿ֮أѾ˷ˣھ壬˺ܴ飬ļ飬һҹ֮䣬ȫɱɱߣûץȴһ㶫Ǿûŭìͷȫָ˰ǣΪɱ˵ǳ԰ǵľӡ
ھ飬ӷһֻۣһֻۣҲ֪һ˹ƵģҪþԼΪУ¼ˣͿԴеõô
׻˭˵ĹƣӷĿǰ벻Ҳ벻Կ϶ǣɳµģ԰ǶģԳӷһˣΪ½еУںģҪþһΪУҲӦҾ¥ΪǿĲŶѽôܻѡһǡȻĿǰľڴ½֮УλģҲҫ۵ģֻаˣһܽ׵µʣһ棬᲻עصġ
ȻҲʲôڰиӷҲ˷ʱ䣬һ岻࣬һҲ١
ٹ죬ǳӷľȫҵˣʱҲǳӷԴ½Ŀʼ
ڽϣǣһǳֵ顣
ڣ˺ܴĿôĿԲһɵģ
ӷ߳壬վſڣΧǴͬһġ
ӣˣˡ
ǵһʱϵ塣
ʲô£ʲôڿޣ
ӣǱ߳¡
á
ǳӷΪǰȥЩʿģڿȥʿʬ壬ȫһ𣬲ҽǵʬλʿˣͬһطݼҲð˶֪ЩʿӢ£ȻǶûͨؿģϵĹҪģֻܰЩʿˣЩͨ˿ʿ
һãʲô£ˡ
ӣڳС͵͵˺ܶʿʬ塣
˵ʲô
ӷɫ䣬˵ܶʿʬ屻͵ˣڳӷ˵ͺԼʧһʽǮһ
ϸȥ
ſڣӷѾܶΧЩ˼ӷȫΧȥ
͹ӣҶӵ屻˸͵ˣһҪһѽ
͹ӣӵҲ͵ˣЩ쵰̫Ƕˣһİǵ˸ɵģһҪΪֹѽ
һʿȫӷΧӷ˵ȲҪżȱӰȸǣʲôʱģ
ӣ鷢һʱõͻȻɱʿ壬Ҳ͵˼ʮ㡣
ϷȫǣЩˣʧʿ壬һҪһһҲ١
ӣҴѾȫǣȴ˵ӰӶҲ
˵ӰӶҲôܣһʱôܴôʬȥ
˵ٶȣԲ̫죬µˣҲǿ͵ʬ塣˸ʿ壬һڳڡԸӽÿÿȫһ飬ڵߣҲҪʿҳˣͳͳɱ⡣
ǣӡ
ӷʿ˵ұ֤һὫǵһģһҲɱ
л͹ӡ
ӷ翴Щ˵ᣬ˵ʵԼҲǺܺܣЩʿ壬Ҫú°ݼǣǳӷô
ڣʿ͵ˣڳӷ˵һʧԣڳӷ˭ҪżŰѶʧʬȫһ
顭
¡¡
ڳӷ緳֮ͻأһ޴ıըӳڵһ
ַʲô£
ӣӣˣżǱ߳ˡ
Ķٶȷ
ż壿Ǳ߳ʲô£
żɱ˷ŻѾ˴ˣɵǱߵʿҲȫˣ
ʲôڸ£ϸҹȥܶԷʲôˣһҲܷŹ
һż壬ӷ粢ϣǣǵĲɶż壬ӷ֮Сֲͣ׬ǮȻҲĿĵģż屻ˣʱŬҲͰ׷ˣ


1495 ɽ
СżĴԺУΧѾȼܻ棬صʬ壬żŮˣСǮﻻʿ
һ̣Сֺܺˣ֪ᷢ飬ӦöǮԼҵ㱣ڹ٣Լôҡ
أϸӾȻǣǼ׷ëɣִ򲻹ˣӾȳȥѽ
СִУ֮У˵ĵСĻܵ׷ɱ͵ϮԼˣȱסԼС˵
ǣ˵أȥֿ⣬ӵĽȫģЩûõļһӵӵĽӣɱֵǮˡ
ʱǮǸزūѽ
˻ΧǿԾһɱġ
һżŮ˺
ƾǣ˰ɡҸ
ӣˣѾˡ

ӷǼʱżԺĻѾܴˣɳӷҲܲӣһһʱҲˡ
ǣȥѲֿĽȫ
ǣӡ
ѽҪΪСѽҲ֪ĸ쵰˸ӣȻ̫ͷ϶˵ǶСңͲǵڶһҪŪǣŪ
ϻʲôûУ
û̫ע⣬һƹСҾͷֲˣ
ҲʣӷҪȽżĽȫ˵طȥ֮ҳʲôˣҹϮżġ
ӣѾȫˡĻ̫󣬹ǾȲˡ
ż壬ϽӸӴߡ
ǡ
Χżһǿҵıըʹż峹׵ˡ
ڵѾǰǵ׸Ҫûѽֻζ˿ɶˡ
ǣһɵĺ¡
ӣҳԣɲ˵
˵ǰ˵Ҫɱӵģ
ȷǰĶҪãӲһŭ֮£ǷųĻ
ֲɵӣǳӷˣǮҲֻǳӷʱģʲôʱҪʱãӲԸ⣬ҲҪôȥһ
ӣǲҪ˵ҪɱĻȻʾӣûѹ֮ǰҲܻᶯһͷ
֮⣬ǣ˭Ҷӵż塣
ĳ˶ȥˣƼ壬ǧ壬Ǽң˭ûھȻֵͷˣ
㡭
ˡ
ӷȻһ䣬ǿҵɱ⣬˫
磬ңҡ
мˣ
ʲôСʱûιѽ
Ļ쵰Ȼһס
ӣǵɽ
û׷⣬͵ʬļһƳżʱѾȥˡ
ż˰ѻҪģӵһûôֵǮҪôĶǮҲʲô£һ˵ʱĵӷЩʿʬ壬Ȼ˴ǵ⣬֮ǰֻû뿪ǣżѻһǶԷҳӷߣǺ뿪ǡ
ˣ׷ȥܱЩˡ
ǻ䣬ӷȻˣΪһ⡣
ͬʱҹ֮УҲһ⣬ӷ
ʲôˣ
ĵˡ
Ȼǵˣˣѵ߲ɡ
¡
ǿӳӷڱֱԷ
⻤塣
ȫһɫϣȫ
ӷ˵ϣֻǽϸƳȴûиԷ˿˺
ȻԴͣȲˡסҵţ٤ɽˣңǵˡ
٤ɽˡ
쵰
ӣ׷ȥ
ˣԷٶ̫죬׷ϡ
ʲôˣ
ңҪء٤ɽˣ˭֪ʲôˣ
ǳڳӷߣҡͷδ˵
û˵ϸҰҹ
ǡ
ܿ죬ұǸ˹Ҹǳʲôڼﲻͣ
͹£
ң㣬֪һΪ٤ɽ˵ļһ
û˵
û
۴½޴ˡ
ûУ
Ȼ͹Ӳ£ֺαʡ
ӷڽҼ⣬Ҳû˵ʲôˣתͷԶ˾ȻԴԼƤӵ͵ôʿʬ壬ɼžԵʵʵ˵Ϊжߣתж졣
һ٤ɽˣû뵽磬ôһˣɱʲô¥ʲôξټ壬ΣյĶࡣ


1496 Ŀ
£˵Ǵ¡Ӧ˵ֻһ£ż飬һӣǵɽģ׵ַӷȻмˣʵǲӦѽֻ˵ԽϵķǾԽ鷢֮󣬺ڶˣ
ӷ粻֮ܵ񣬺ܶ飬Ҳ޷ȥƿصģƿһеĻǳӷҲǴ½ͽδһˡ
͵ߵʬ壬˵Ҳʮ࣬Ȼ󣬵飬ȴóӷ绳ɣǲ֪ԼЩʿʬô汻֪ˣڳӷ˵һ൱顣
һ룬ҲѽԼʱ뵽ģôܻ֪˵ˣԼҪõķֶΣǿκ˶벻ģ
żǱߵˣѾתסż˵ʲô£˼˰ˣ
ˣͷӣȫľڻڻɣŻ飬йأ룬Ҳ˵
ӷصʱѾóӷƣѾܾû˴ӱͱˣԼͱ˵ĵӣû뵽Ǵ½ϣȻһ˽ɫ
٤ɽˡ
һӷǼסˣҲԼһγԿģ
ӣҪһȥֻʱѡ
˵ϱˣ
׾һֻı飬ߵ岽֮⣬ɷҲڵɵЦ
ôǲǸоˬѽ
ȷˣȻҲᱻ룬ԷһǸǳǿĽɫɡ
װ֮ǰڳҸǼһﶯ֣Ȼæ
˵ӣԷΪ֮ϣԶԶ㡣һû£ˣ㻹뱾㣬㲻öˣöء
û٤ɽ˵Ϊȷڳӷ֮£ԳӷĶԹǼһΪƷңֻԴȻճӷʥһƷһҲ˵ԴǷǳģ
ڴͬһҪħ壬Ҳܵˣ㲻һҲѾ˫һ塣˵ڵһħ壬ܻ᲻ܵǣ𣿡
⻰в
˵ввɡ˿ھɱ˼޻ңˣѾҪˣһǸ٤ɽˡȻΪʲôͲ
ӷ磬ʲô˼
׾ֱӵ˳ӷıΪӳӷУı
ҲûʲôȻеìͷѾָңΪ˱ұȷһ˫֮ĹϵԣѾˣڰ˳֮ڣ˵£ƲãͻϢˡ
㣬㣬ˣˡ
̷ħܽе㼱
ʲô£
㣬֪ΪʲôǵļͻȻӵͬһʱ䣬˳Ƿ˽
˵ʲôʲôʱ¹˳ǵˣ
ҲĪѽʱһ𣬴´Ҵģû¹ѽҿһ˼ð˴塣
ð׾õ壬½˭ң˭ĵ
ӷ磬ôĵӣȻҼð壬бħȺ˳ǡ
ʲôҵġˣڵĹϵҵͲ𡣡
ʲô˼
δ仰Լ˵ģɸûκιϵ
㡭
ȱ𼤶ҲĻҾͿԱ֤һʱ֮ڣ½أͬһħŮ׾ãʱͲǹ˳ˣ¥򣬻оڣһ𹥻ҵ뿴ͬʱǻܲʱΪٸߣס½ͬʱ𣿡
½϶֮Ĺϵ½ħǣѾһߣ
ҿûȥ½Ϊѽ
ãܺã֡϶ߡ
ߣ㣬ȥģ
ϻԼȥطһҲˣСȥɡ⣬ȥħ壬ǣйϵڿʼֻҪǰǵˣһɱһ
ǣ㡣
ι˵׾ãҪˣΪһС£Ҫҷ𣿡
Ѿˣ͵ѧ˵ԴֵףѵʿɷȻԱѵķﱻˣɡ
ߣΪУǾͿûǸˡ
ô֣
кβɡˡ
ʱ壬Χ
ԭ׼ˡһ£ӷ磬˰죬ԭڻɱ
ϻǣħˣվͬһսϵģû٤ɽֹܶν࣬ı졣ҰǣҲ׾˵˵߾ߵĵط㵲ס㣬ҲҪء
ɷʱ˵ҶԼգαա
ӣӱ죬û˵ķݡ
ѽգգΪ˭գ˵աãա
㣬㣬ˡ
Ϸħܽ庰
ֳʲô£
㣬֮ǰѩĲ壬ȫɱˡ
˵ʲô
׾˵ķŭһָӷ磬ŭҸģ
㵱ɵǰɣһ׼ûУһɵоɽµħȺѾɱˣھʣʮħһǸͽܣҪȫˣҲ̫ܰɡ
䣬ӷʧ˿֮ڡ
ãԪ񣡡
ӷ֮⣬ѾǵľӣΧ֮ڣ˰׾Ǽ֮⣬ˡ
ǣӲؾ֣ɽ°ڳ󣬾㵲ס׾ãҲҪˣȱ첲ȡ
ǣӡ


1497 
٤ȻüıƾʮˣܴӰǸôʬ塣Ҳ׵ǣ˵Щʬôܸܲңôʬʲô
٤ɽվѩ֮һɽ֮ϣϣǽİʮˣӰǳǧľ£ӷƤӵ£͵ʮȥʿʬ壬òϣ٤ɽˣˢӡ
ĿǰҲܿ϶ʲôţ;ԲǸĵˣԼɰǵĴˣҲ˵ںǵôȻں˵۹⣬ΪʲôЩʬ壬ЩʬȫУһôġ
̾˿ڲ٤ɽ˲٤ɽ˵ӣԼ֪ӷ絽Щʬʲôô
ģ͵ƤӵŪôʬ壬ѾǸ潻ˣңΣӮˡ
ͶԹΪʲô磿
֮ϣȴԶԶ֮¡ʥһƷˡ
ôܣֻʥһƷľ磬ôֵܵסף
˵ģӵеĵ̫࣬ΨһܸЩƽно
ӣİǣûô
ȻѾͽˣͲŹǣҲһĵ£İйأɲ뵽ͷϣԣǽҪģɽۻ
˼˵ǽʲôͿŰǸİǴˣ
ûˣﲻܴ̫ãһ͵˷֣֮ǵļƻͺѳɹˡ
٤ɽҪ뿪֮ʱͻȻѩ֮ڣڵĴѩɽһ޴ս
š
ֹͣ½ŲתԶ
ô
٤ɽ˶е㲻Լ۾Զ˶ʮ
ǰ׾õľŴħ
ûôǵ˴ǷģӦ󷨡
ţӦþǵؾˡû뵽ǾȻؾ֣׾Ǵ
᲻ʲô⣿
һеģȴ֪ʲô⡣ȿɡ
Ƿ棬׾Ѿһ·ɱ˳ȥһ·صʬ壬ȴֻһֻ֣ǰʿһҲٳȥˡ
ҳ壬ɱһһ

ƾЩСɫ뵲·ǲ֪
׾ã㡣
Сӣ
˭˭ն죬ν
ˢ
һǿҵĺڹ⣬ݺϿգӷһȴ׾һֵָסˣղɱЩʿһӷնνڰ׾ǰʵ̫˵㡣
Ͳǿϴεֵ׵ĶôóĲ񷶦
ѽӷϴζˣ׾ô֪񷶦˵Ӧ֪Ŷѽ˵Ǵ½Ӧ֪񷶦Ŷѽ
˵ô֪ҵĲ񷶦
Ҳ̫ˣѵ֪񷶦ˣͲ֪𡣱㣬ֻãܵõ񷶦ģʵ˵Ͳܽ񷶦ȫӳνֻܷӳ䵽ͨ˵ǾٶҲһһ
ǷҾʶһ£
׾ýȫȫˣɵ˰֮УλãǱߣķǳ
ʲô
٤ɽ۾ǿҲֻгǿ߲ܷӳ
ǰ׾ãⲻѽڰǵ׷ʲô£Ϊʲô׾ýȫȫ˳ǿԽƬѩĵطٵˡ
ĻͣӦҪǿĵˣҲ˴˻ᣬΪǿĵʲô
˼˵ϴεֵ׵ĵƣ
֮⣬ʲôƣǿð׾ȳǿߣǵĳǿ߽ġ
쿴ǾȻǡڰԪأ
ΪԴߣڰԪأоȻȽǿҡ
ܣͷǹԴߣǺڰԪأ
٤ɽе㷢㶣ӷԹһУԿӷĸ͵ԴߣһԴߣȻͷų˺ڰԪأͲܡ
ǰģ־ʵģ֮ڣȷͷųĺڰ׾öԿš
СӣĲ񷶦أ
׾ڰʵ
Ը㣬Ҫ񷶦ͼʶһһɡ
ӷóģǰҹ
ҹӷ޷ӳģֻҪΧкڰԪشڣǳӷͿò񷶦ЩڰԪظչ˺ڰԪأҹȻԷӳ
ڰԪǴģǾҪлɷˣΪǣͺɷôһڰԴߡ
ҹ˳ӷϷӷԦŰҹʱҹʮ־޴󣬳׾ѹ˹ȥ
ɰҹϾǱȲǲ񷶦ģϺӾްҹΪҲһڰ׾֮ϣıȻһܽ׾õѹȥ
Ŵħ׾ӦøӷҪȥæֻϧһȫǵؾָסˡ
ˣȫҴԭأûӵҪȥ
ֹסԵģǰ׾ãЩһȥǸûʲôֱ
ȻӷԸ׾ÿ⡭Ӧ˵ӷЩԸ׾ÿ⣬ԼЩˣҲûҪȥˣֻҪŴħǸס͵ڰ˳ӷܴæ
׾ãб뿪ǣǾŴħҲȫˡ
Сӣ𣿡
ϻ˵ǻڵĻȻȻɵͷϣڳħ壬Ǹ֮⣬ûˡǸһˣǳǿߣҲܲ콫Щʿʬ˳ȥֻ㣬Űĵ͵ҵĶҡڵ뿪˼ҿɲǿӡ
ãȻһҧڱɵģǱҲͲϻˡ򣬱͸򵽵ס
䣬׾еİɫƺ«ֶ
ӣųǸ«װħỽħ޵ġ
á㲻˵
ৡ
ƺ«ڣһ׹ϣ֮Уγһֻβ޴βգۼ仯Ϊ˾ֻŸͬķг˹ȥ
Ǵ󾪣ȫǰǵĵһ̣ϾҪʼˡ
Ű׾÷ųħǵĵһ̣ϾҪˣûĵһԵģİǣҲУ֮ǰڰǵħ壬£Ҳ̫˵ɣ


1498 Ǽ
аǼȫվİǵߴѩ
ȺħޣԾŸͬλãѩۼȥαһħȺۼѩ򣬲ٶϣϣҪϣ౶˵ЩճСħޣ׵Сħޣˡ
ǵ׷ʲô£Ϊʲôħ壬ССǿǿȫۼ˹ȥ
ղֵģӦþǰħˣǰ׾ģۼħĺκһֻħ޸Ҳġ
еĪҲ֪Ƿ浽ôˣ׾õħѾûֹˣٴγ֣½һսġ
˵ǰ׾õħһ£ħͻһȺʧȥǵҰް㣬˾ͳԣͶƻ˿ءħҲֵģҲֹֻΣһǰ׾øһսڶξǰ¥һս죬ħ֣Ŀ꣬ȴİǣ˵׾õĿ꣬Ӧǰǡ
ⲻܣ׾òǸһôܻᷴǴ򣿡
ħģǰһĻû˿١
ӣӦǰǸħ壬ʲôͻ͸׾ãѾĿˣ
Ļһεļƻ벻Чͻɵ׾õͷȥˡ
ãҵģܻǰ׾ø͸ĹƣΪ˫ѣİǹʱħ巴һĻǿɾ˫ȭѵˡ
Ǽ٣ҪǸħһսж༤ˡսŲǰ׾ûͣôĶעɡ
Ȱɣſ˫һôĳ̶ϡ
ѩ֮⣬٤ɽ˸ҲǸаǱһ뷨ŰǸħ壬Ĵ˫һϷģⳡϷݵʲô̶ȣſԷֱ٣ҪǸħ˫һ̣ᷢչʲôˣ
٤㿴͸׾֮䣬ᷢʲô£
һ治֪ڵͣѾĵƣ˵һ̫ʲôҲһŵƣ׾ܲӦǸδ֪֮
Ǿ͵Ȱɣ˫ķĿˣǵһᡣķһħˣǾͽΪ½ӴһˡҲ²ûĻ¥׾гĲ֣ǣ뾡һа취ȥ׾ˡ
ȲҪ̫ˣϾڻ֪Ǹħ壬Ĵ򣬻ϷģǾȿɡ
٤ɽĺܶ࣬εģԼεļƻνһˣǼٵģǰǣħ壬ΪݺⳡϷҪ൱ĴۣԼߣҲǼ¡
֮Ǽ٣٤ɽ˶ԣǼ¡
ǵ󷨣Ѿ׾õһ룬ֻΪӷİҹһֱŰ׾ã׾޷ȫͷųȥƽ󷨡
Ŵħȫ֮ڣǰѳ̵óˣƺ󷨣κһħ
ҹӵǿ󣬿ɰ׾õȴһֱҹƽ⣬ƽϣ׾޷ӷ˺ɰҹϾ޵ģʱҹĹâҲ
Сӣ챾ҪС
׾ͻȻ£һ⣬¡һǵ֮ϡ
ӷȻ󾪣ɽǣϳ󷨡
ӷеʵ̫ˣֻ˵׾õٶʵ̫ˣļ󷨣׾ó嵽֮ʱһǿıը
¡¡
ǣѩɽ
Ǹˣȫ˵ϣؾ֣ߣ
ͬʱҹҲҪùˣвͣĻζţ
׾һǿҵİ׹⣬ҹ˹ȥ
ãļһ
ӷ̳ȥ׾һֱӽҹסˣⰵҹͲڳӷģҲڳӷ磬һ䵽׾УҪûǿɱȵ컹ѡ
׾ãҷΡ
Сӣ浱Щ޵ебµģ񷶦뱾һսЩС⣬κβ˱
׾Ѿҹǰ뽫ҹʱͻأҹ֮ڣȻһ޴ĺڹ⣬ͻȻĺڹ⣬֮ǰҪǿĶࡣ
ľˣôͻȻ䱬ǿ
ӷ磬һʱɵֻۣҹĺڹ⣬ϷγһΡ
ڹβûκһ˿ȴӵޱǿ
ССħޣҲӡħ


1499 λͻ
ǿӺڹб׾˶סˣ붯ȴˣӴǣһѩΧſ
ǿǷǴ½㽫½ϵгǿһ𣬶Ӳǰڹԣȴܷӳǿ
߳ӷ֪ĸӵУһүүԶɽǻҪûЦѱסԪ֮¡ڶɾǸ׳ۣǸŮ˽δڵĸӷѾԾԿ϶ǴӰҹֵĺڹ͡
Ļ쵰һﲻ˵ٳΪʲô˳ҲƵѽ
Ӿްҹ
ӷһ֣ڰ׾˵İڳӷԣҲϤˡ
쵰ôˣ
ӷҪǰȥɼȻ׾öӾްҹѹסˣʳӷܶˡ
ȻӾްҹ·ûӷƵģ˫֮Уǿҵĺڹ֣γɵľ޴Ŀ׾ò˾޴ʹںӾްҹδ֮ǰǰħδ֮ǰ׾þѾܲסˣ
߳ӷ²⣬㰵ҹںӾްҹķҲӵźӾްҹеи죬ѾܲˣҲΪʲô׾ֵܵסҹ֮Ҫԭ
ڣӾްҹ֣⽫ζʲôԺӾްҹΪ˵вۣвδѾԽ϶쾳ı̬ǿߣҲ۷徳ĴѽģͬһҪɱ׾ãǻ練Ƶ顣
ӷڵ̬ܲԾŰ׾ñӾްҹѹסԼкӾްҹ쵰͸Ƶģӷ룬һӾްҹһȥ׾ǾԳܲסġ
ˡ
ʱ򣬳ӷڵ֮ѣһֻгӷĵҲʱ֮ѲӷԶӳӷڳ֣һ׾ó˹ȥ
ৣৣৡ
֮У֮֮ѳ֮ǰ֮ǣҲӦһֹƵģһǿҵİ׹⣬׹ֱ˰׾õϡ
ӷ۾޷ƶ壬ֻ㶵ĿţŽᷢʲô¡
˭֪֮ǵİ׹ڰ׾õʱеĻ֮ǣʼ仯Ҳ˵ʼƶλá
ڣˣȫ̧ͷͻȻƶĻ֮ǡ
ӵһǳ֮ǳ֮ǵƶɵһ˵֮ǾȻҲʼƶˣ⵽ô£
֮ǣǰ֮ǣڣ֮ǣҲƶˣ⽫ζʲôᷢʲô顣
ӾްҹİħѾ׾˹ȥʱĳӷҲѾоӰҹֵĺӾްҹһԪ֮ûУҲ˵Ӿްҹ֮ǰĲһ˵ڰҹڵһӰˣɵһӰ°׾ˣ
֮âŰ׾ȫͬʱңԶʣҲۼһƬİƣڰƾۼڰǵϿʱ֮ϣͬһƹ⣬ƹȴûκˣǸ׹ںһ
һ棬ӳӷֵ֮ѣҲƶ˰׹ƹ֮ڣ֮⣬ֹâȫںΪһ壡

ǿҵĺ紵ӷӷ壬ӷ·⺮һˣ
ӾްҹαԽԽҪʧƵģһȴûΪʧͣǿ
׾ʱ˫һתϷֹâں֮Ƭ֮ڣȻǿҵ⣬ⲻͣĴƳΪһǿҵİ׹⡣
׾˶סˣǼʲô˼һĻƵġ
ӷ磬ˣҲȫϿֵİ׹⣬ǵǿҵİ׹֮ڣֳһ
ǡ
һѹ
ûһѹһѴɫĹ
ʲô
ǡ
׹Զ˹ڹ֮ϣһ֧׹֧׹ûκ֮£ϵ֮£ৡһ˳Ŀ꣬׾áӦ˵ǹ׾õǰħ
顭
¡¡
׹ļӾްҹİħײһеȫɢˣʹǰѰ׹ǳ֮С
֮ǣ֮ǣǵĹâѾʧ֮ѣԶص˳ӷС
ʱڴ½Ĳͬ򣬼ʮ⣬߾ۼ
ӾްҹʧȻɢȥ׾øˣӷڣȫԶˡ
ʲô
ӷ̧ͷǰѰ׹ȴ֪𰸡
ѩ֮⣬ŰϷİ׹ǼһصıƵģѵǴ˵еľŴ֮һ֮ɣ
֮ɣǴ½˵ľŴ֮һû뵽Ŵ˰׾ãھ֪֮⣬ȻҲ֪
֮ɣŴЩʲô
ڱʲô֮ǿ԰ҳưԴ½ıҪȥǣȡ֮ɡ
䡭
һ¡쿴ǿ
¥ھŮ顣ǵĸӦ˵ã
ʵ֮Ѿˣֻû֪ʲôطڣ֮ٳ˰ǣΪ֮ѵĸӦԭ
İǣа˿ŰǱߵû֪ʲô¡
ʱİǵϿգͻһӰӰİǵϿջɢõа˵Ϥ
ףǴ󲮵
ûǴ硣ڳˡ
үҪȥǡ
ûȷǰǡ׷ȥ
ǣס


1500 ϷҪȫ
鷳ˣ֮ʱλ֮ɱڱطģھȻ˰ǣҲ˵ڰǣ֮ǰ֮ѣڵİ֮ɣ⵽ôһ£
ɷ˿Ѿ˰׾ߣʵգ֮Ϊʲôգ
һܾ⣬׾Ҳ൱ľᣬԭ˵Ѿİ֮ɣûھҵҲӦóڰѽҲ̫ˡ
ִ˵еǲĴڣû֪ŴǴģҲû֪Ŵʲôʱڴ½ģ֪Ŵ͵ˣĴ½ϣ֮١
ϻ֮ͻ֣ǿߣƶѾ߸˹ﱾԸǣˣ
׾Ҫɷ飬ԲƴǣҪ¥ԿɷҲգ۾ģǰװ
գΪ˾ӣʲô
ɷΪھ£½ϵгǿߣǲµģҪ˭˭ѽȻвЩδ¶ĳǿߣҲû˿Ա֤ڴ½ϣЩµĳǿ֮⣬ûĳǿߴڡ
˵Ϊͬĳǿ߶սҪôֶΣֳܷʤ𰸷ǳ򵥣ֻѣһӵбȽǿķһӵȽϴԴ߶ӵУǾʤߡ
ܳΪǿߣɵٱҲи̶ȵģɵϸܵﳬǿߵľƨɶĵǲܵġ
ӷ翴Ű֮ɽһѾ޴ĹȫΪɫڹ֮ϣһߣڹϲͣƵġ
ǿҵİ׹⣬ǣ˵˫ۣǿҵİ׹סˡ
ӷϣ߶ʮһֱһץס˰֮ɡ
֮ɲһ־ҵ𶯣ӷ壬ǱƵĶ
Ŵ֮һ֮ɣȻǿСӶֵס
׾һҲûŽס֮ɵĳӷ磬Ͳ֪ᷢʲô¡
ɷ˵գСҲ̫̬˵ɡȵ֮ѣڻ뽵֮ɣԼˡ
ûʲôֱֻ̫˵㣬ֻҪһḶ́ͻǿġ
ڣ磬л飬Ѿ쵽ˡ⣬İǱߵˣҲѾϹա
ô࣬ȡ
׾ͻȻ뵽ʲô̴סҿٳӷ˹ȥ
Сӣ֮ɡ
׾Ҫӷ֮ɣͬʱڰǵϿգھ飬ٴεǵĲԶһɫ·ˣο࣬࣬˫۱Ƚ׺ݣǿһ۾¥ˣȻתĳӷ硣
¥֮Ϊʲôڰǣ
ڻ֪ʲô£͸׾ã֮ɣһǵˡ
˵ѽòǸСվһΪʲôڴ
ǡ
ھһתͷ棬׾òԶ֮Сӣʱŭ
Ļ쵰ȻҲڰǡ
¥Ǹ˲Ƕôᡭ
֪ûôΪһ׾ãǰȻұΪУӣǰŰ׾õġ
¥Ǹô죿ڶֵĻһǲġ
Ȳ͸׾֮

֮һЦİǵϵ
¥Ůˡ
аźھ˴Ц
İǣаƾǼҲ֡
¥⻰˵Լ޵Ƶģѵ潫İǵɿɡ
½ħ֮⣬ûʲô𡣡
˿̲ȵа˵Աһ
ôĿ
Ǻˣ
¥ǹʵ
վ˵İǣҲҴ󲮡
İǣ
Ǿ¥ͬʱǸˣ֮ɵİ׾ãҲתһͷ𣬴½һʦ
ʦ
ӷתͷȥ
СӣϷ㣬񡣡
װŮû뵽ı츳ͦ𣬸ղŹû˿ĳڼٴ򡣡
ⳡϷʧɴˣɱ˱ô£ô⳥ɡ
С£ҳưԴ½ڽɽô
Ҫɽ
ģǲ̫̰ˡ
ǲˡ
ãˡȫ㣬ҪҲûá˵ǰ棬֮ǰӦҵ£һҪ½ʱ½ȫ͸㣬ҲٶҪ㸶˫Ĵۡ
ģȻӦ飬һ쵽ʱ½ɱػض¡
ˣһҪԸһ󲻵Ůˣ׼ɣʱѡ񡣡
ȱԺˣڣɡ
㿪ʲôЦɱѽ
ϻϷҪȫס㲻˭ķĿˡ
ʹġ
ʲôв񷶦ѡ
ˣ㻹û㣬ô֪񷶦ģ
Ժ˵ȰϷꡣ
㡣⣬֮ɶûãԡ
ģɱͬʱὫ֮ɴڣ֮ɾԶΪˡ


1501 ս1
ڶųӷ׾ãҲ֤ʵһ£Ǿǳӷ׾ǲķĿˣģκһ˵Ǽ£Ǽٵģӷ׾øƭˣǽ޷ĺ
ȻϷȻҪȫףκһϸڳ⣬Ǵ⣬ҲⳡϷֱӿ̨
ǰӷϲݣԼһ̨綼̨Ϊ֮裬ԼȴһԹۡ粻ڳӷģҪ磬ҪһԱϷӣΪ˵õ磬һϷΡ
ν죬ʱ˶԰ҵɵϣЦһɵʱˣҲڽŵ¡
İߵˣѾȫɵ˵ǱߣȴûȥۿǣǽĿ⣬ȫڳӷ׾õϡ
磬ڳˡ
аֵĺ˷ܣΪ֪һ𣬻ԼİǴʲô
ܣ겻ˡ
磬ܳ־ͺˣҿö꣬ӰӶҲݼ󲮡
ߣڰйֶݼ󲮡
ãܺãѾôˣΪȻ㸸ʱҪ˵ãѾʥƷˣûҵĽ̵
ֶнĳɾͣ˴󲮵Ľ̵˵ÿһ仰ֶӲǡ
šҲ˸˰ɣ
ү⻰ˣʸүѽ
⻰˵ĵûҵԤƣСӣڵͣΪӦҪʥƷŶԣȴֻƷ֮ٸˡ
ǣǣǡүٴν̵ٳĻİǵĽ͸бˡֻǲ֪ү᲻ʧѽ
㲻Ҫܣ˵ԸҲˣڲ˵ЩСӣǸˣͣ
û磬û뵽㣬֪Сӡ
Сӽʱ˳ߵʲôط벻֪ѡ
Դ翴Сô
СӾͶˣģҲǺ˽⣬Ҳö˵ʲô
¥ߣھ˸ҲѾ˹
û뵽֮ɸʦˣʵǰǵѽ
ھ⻰ԸʶھǸǿߣΪĿǰû֪һôľ磬ʮǰĴԣҲʥ۷ѣΪʲôһ𣬻ᱻھʶأ
¥겻û뵽㻹û
Աߵľ¥ڳǿߣȫһŭΪû˸ǵ¥˵
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ҫ嶯ĳЩ˷һ£ȷŷʱʣ½˻ʦ֮⣬˭Ƴٵصķءϧǣʦ㵱ƳЩȫİǵﶪʧ˰ɡ
⻰˵ģõаܲڡ
ƳķļǾ춯صģЩӵаʧˣ֮˸ˣУ¥ÿһǿߵķһ룬ǳԵ֣֮
ûˣƣƷûˣɾҲˡ¥Ǿ¥ĳǿߣȷ½ģò˵ǣǾ¥Ҳ͵֮˳ǿߵͷ
ھɫȻһ䣬ܿ죬ֺת˹
ʦӦõģʦˬĻзԭֻϣʦܰﱾһæ
޹ԭͲˣЩڶǰƳҲûϡڰæû´Ļ¥ӦҵĿе֪Ŵ÷;ɣ
˭֪ʦһѧԴϹһ壬ŴҲǴϹഫģȻ֮ǰֻ˵ż֣Ҫ˵˭֪ŴԴ˻ʦ֮⣬Ӧûڶûɡ
ڶˣȻУ¥Ҳ֪𡣡
ھһİ׾ãЦʦҲ֪׾ãжԣǲܸ߱ġʦԸ߱ĻǱȻҲʦĺô֮ġ
ҲûֱӾܾҲûֱӴӦ˵Ҫ֪Ŵܣԣû⡣
ʦԸ߱
ʲôԸģǰǣȵõŴȻŴ䵽Ҳұ֤᲻Ὣ֪ģǸˡ
Ÿ䣬ھ׼֮ɡ
ǣ¥
棬ӷ׾ѾʼԹˣԳӷΪѪ񷶦ĻĻǰ׾õĶ֣ϰҹŸղźӾްҹӰ֣Ѿľˣû£κá
֮ɳڳӷ׾֮䣬ӷ绽һϦħһ׾˹ȥ
׾ýһ㿪˳ӷĽһ֮£Ѿ˳ӷ
׾һȻ֮ɸճһλãھʱ
á
׾ô󺰵ɷסǡ
ա
ǡȫվס
¥ڳǿߣΪߵģǺھˣǵڶ죬ûǺɷĶ֡
ңǹϵǾ¥ܷưԴ½飬ɲҪΪˡ
գҵظ˵ˣǹȥա

ھǰ˵϶뱾ΪУ
磬գô
ӣʲôʱӡɱӦǣȥȡ


1502 ս2
ʱ֮䣬¥ĳǿߣİߵټһȫӷ׾ãа֮ŸΧסˡ
ȻǾ¥İǣĿ꣬ȫǰ֮ɣ˵аǼ֪֮ȻѾˣôǾûпŲܵĵ¶ԷʵԶԶԼ֮ϣаҲţֻҪķһǳǿߣԵֵһӡ
ڳΪһҲСսԭǳӷ׾õսǸħսڣѾܱһս
ǵؾֱƣŴħȫ˳Ҫȥ׾ãȴ׾øֹסˣǽɽеħȶסֻҪѩɽΧκһȡɵĻᣬ˰֮֮ˡ
ǵˣʵϵѣֹϵȴκ˿͸ԣ׾øӷ֮䣬ɲͣ֡
Ҫ˵ʵÿһŸԵĵƴڣ¥Ϊ߳Ļս֮УҪȡ֮ɣҲܵΪ͹ˣҪӡ
кɷסھǿߣǷӲ̫ˣڻ飬ֺƽߣҲɱΪ˶ȡ֮˵ڵĳӷ绹ǱȽģȻҪµƻôչ
취İǸ¥
׾Գӷ˵ѾʱҲȥϸ׾˵Щʲô
İǵˣôֵܵס¥
ģھѾںɷǣסˣڲֵġеڣΪϵв¥ЩˣķҲ˵ġ
ķҵʶһˡ
ڻоʱ˵ЩԶԶڵķ֮ϣҪ֪Ķ̫٣ңһȫ¶һеĵȫ¶ˣǶ㣬Ƕڱûκεĺô
׾⻰˵ûӷȻҲ
ͷ֮󣬳ӷ粻ɵЦһ˵ͬ飬ҲڶΡͬĴҲܷΡ
ʲô˼
٤ɽˡãǼһ𡣡
ѽЩ֮⣬һ٤ɽˣһ˵Ϊյˣ֮ɶˣ˶Ѿʼˣڶûг֡
ģȻ˶Ǽһġ
ľŸħ
Ǳĵʮħ
䣬׾øӷͬʱһתۣ˲Զա
һգ߼ȻѾˣȻȥעЩǿߣǳǿߣҶҪ֮ɶᵽ֡
λˣôյġǱڴǾżˣǲ̫˵㣿
һֻ⻢ͷѩ֮ɽȥ
٤ɽ̳Աһɽ𾪵ʵǡ۶
Դ˶ˣַŵı飬óһƺһھƣ˵ǱߣλͲȥˡ
֪ʲô𣿡
һ治֪ȴ֪ʲô
Ŷʲô˼
ʲô˼ѵ㻹װĳˡ
ɫʱޱ䣬񣬳ɱ⡣
Ȼ֪ҵݣ
ѵΪأүүǼִ֮⣬û֪𣿡
Ȼ֪ǵ۶Ϊ۶ǵˣԲɣ
û뵽𣬾Ȼǵ۶ǸصĳͣҲ̫С˵ɡ
֮ԣۣ֮֮۶֮ĸڰ׾ʧ䣬ҲǽʮڣΪǿĽɫ½ϵĳǿߣ
۶ֵ֮Ϊأû͸˼ֻŹٵĴ˵ˣһˣɱħ壬ɱôħޣ˵ʵΪǿߡ
壬ѵ˲ɣ
ߣ˵ˣ⻰˵ĿɾͲ˼ˡȲ˵ﲻǵ۶ǣڵ۶ãүүǼͬ𡣸İǺڱô£ҵ۶ôõľ¶Щһҵ۶ǵĴɣΪ۶ȴȫˡ
Ҳ˵㲻˵˭ֻ֪
Ҳ˵𣿳ǸˣȻ˵
ܴΪϾǸˡ
϶һĳǿߣңΪһҵΪͬһʣôɱң
Ͼ֪ˡ٤֡
٤ɽЦһ˵ǵ۶ڲ飬Ҳܡ


1503 ս3
٤ɽ˲£ϣô˵ǵ۶ǵĳһᣬͿصôļһڿ˷棬ȻСӣ٤ɽصıҪӶĸأ٣Ϊ˷棬ǿԿ϶ġ
϶һΪҪģֻԴ
ǣûеһȥȻҲɵж֡
νвҲȶǰ֮ǰҪ˽⣬ԷԴ뷨һطץסʱǽһ֮䣬Ҫµˡ
ԣ٤ɽȴͣˣģעڶԷʱ٤ɽˣѾʧǵķΧ֮ڡ
Ƿ棬¥Ѿӷ׾ðΧΪ˶Լ˵Ķսû˿Ļɣӷ׾ҲǲͣĽžΪǳӷ绹ǰ׾ãҶһ¡
֮ɢĹâѾԽԽСʱҲýΪõġ
ھҲܲסˣж֡
ֻӵǰðһ⣬֮ڣһӵѵ֣ڵǰͣתţ¥˹ȥ
ûᡣ
Ȼǵ¥˶֣ǾͲҪӷˡ
ৣৡ
ַÿһ˵Ķ䶼ĴʹÿһҲʱ򣬲һֻþþ֮УԼ壬ͺǧƵģ˵Գܡ
˫һ죬һֱ仯Ϊٱ仯Ϊ仯Ϊʮ
ʮڰǵϿղͣתţͣķ˲þܿ죬ڰڵˣǼڣ·һʱγɵ㣬Χǵɽǻ𺣣ǰ׾ȳǿߣǰ˯֮䡣
һ㡣
׾´ķȻͬ죬ֱ濴Ƶȴ˲þģ˽һк󣬲ǵɱС
׾û˵Ĵ˳ӷĶУ˳ӷԺ֮С
ӷ̷Ӧ˹תͷһۺˣڣһǿǵˣȫ˵ϣͬʱҲȫ˹
˫ۿӷ磬ȷǽЩƳģҲȽϵģû뵽ӷȻֱӽķƵˡ
Сӵıʵڹǿ
𲻻ɵȥӷǱߣ֣ȫۼ˾¥Χûнֻһֱڿž¥Щǿߡ
νǿߣɲҵģķǿһҲܽЩǿ߸ס
¥ȫǿʱ䣬ķڵأ
ʦķҲˡ
ǹɵĴЦΪǿߣ˵ķҲǼǳٵ飬Ҫ֪𣬿Ǵ½һʦû˿ˣ
Ȼǿֻǲ֪ûмԴںϡ
ԴںϣһʲôֶΡ
ÿһ˵ɫЩѿǳǿߣҲû˸ȥСӷ㣬ʥ磬ȴ赲סףȵǿ˭˸ȥСӡ
ӷڿɲܵʲôԴ뷨Ľϣںģֻǰ֮ɡ
֮ǰ֮ӾްҹһӷģӾްҹһǴ½˿ԵֵסǳӷԼ񷶦ѪĻҲܵס֮ɵһȴֱӽӾްҹһƳˣɼ֮ɵһôĳ̶ȡ
ŴȻŹˣӷʶ֮̽Ѹ˳
޴ɫڳӷУӷͷ·ΪһˣЩˣȴûнӷĵģǳӷ֮Ѱˡ
Ȼ֮ɳˣ֮Ҳˣǽһԣȫᵽ֡
ھһ¥ʱӷΧ׾ȴʱͻΧܸӷվһ𣬲ȻͲڸˣԼڸӷϷ
֮ͣѣ㲻
ǿѽҪΣҲĿʱ䲻ǣʱ㣬ģɾǰˡ
ֵܵסףȻ̣ڳЩҪȡ֮ɣ֮ѵҲɵӣһӷóֵ׵ǵʵǾǳǿߣҲֵסԣڲǵ𣬻Ǿ¥˭ҵһȥ
ӷô೬ǿߣһʦǼһ˵Դ뷨ںϵֶλûʹҪõġ
ʦȻҵĿһΪ˵õǰѣ䵽Сһһѣȷˡ

ھ쵰Ҳ̫ǸˣȻһס
ûж룬ֱ˵Ȼ¥ôг⣬ǽ죬ǾȺһѰɡ

쵰Ըһ
鷳ˣ֪ᷢ飬֮ǰͲӦø׾ⳡϷϷѾݵһ룬;ɣûа׾Ҫķݡ
ô졣
ڸô죿
Ҫʲôܽȫѹȥ
ƿȭ
У֮ǰùһΣãԼҪˡ
񷶦
ûҪ񷶦ˣòܽ񷶦ֱӻǴѽ𲻵κεã֮Դʱ䶼ûУԷֲɵӣôܻԼ㹻ʱ䡣ôҪʲôأ
ȺŹңЩνĳǿߣҲ죿
ͣһסĻ֮ѣ˳ǡȻһѡҸ֡
аǰ˵
Ұ֣
ѽ
ȷǸð취
Լҵģɱҡ
Ҳô೬ǿ߶Թҿ̣к̨ģΪҺ۸


1504 ս4
ǵȫۼһ֮󣬸ûȥĵطû֪壬˿̽һİˡ
£棬֤Ǹˣ˫Ͳܴ󣬲أ˵ǸԴߣɢϢӦòǸǿߣ
˽֮󣬺ѰʲôƵģ˸飬ĺԺһ俴Ʋ۵ķǰ
ţ˿Ÿһ֮˿һӰӷڳ˳˴ΪԾû뵽Լ֮⣬еڶˡ
ʲôˣ
˿ȥǰ֮˺˫۾ԵĺܳԾ
ͣⲻܣ
Ȼ٤ɽˣţǵ¥İǵ֮ʱȻܵˣ˵һ㣬٤ɽ˵Ŀ꣬Ͳǰ֮ɣҲܣ֮ʲô̫
ɼȻ壬ȻĿĵģĿΪΣǾû֪ˣ
ڸ¥˼֮ѽа׾ýסϷֲϹӣô֮ܳڡ
٤ɽеԾͬʱҲе⣬΢΢һ̧ǰٶ˵ӦҪϵĺڲԣȴϣǰͣͻȻȫɢ⣬漴͵ͷϣһȦȦʱ仯ΪһȽš
ʲô
٤ɽ˲Ҵ⣬ϵȥ˵ǽϣڿٵתţڻʲôƵġ
ѵǡ
ʵͲͣΪѾ˳ӷ硣
ӷòӷģȻ٤ɽ˲һִҲѹ٤ɽ˻Ծˡ
û¥Ǳ֮ɵģǳӷı𣬵ֵǳӷķҲͣ
ͻȻ˳ӷ磬˵ӷѾٻˣͷϳֵǽţȴȥӷǱߵģǡ֮ţǽ񷶦š
ৡ
٤ɽۿǰʧˣ˵ǱǵŸ˽ȥ
ˣ٤ɽ˵ǰʧˣȵʱ٤ɽ˻еԺ˲ã٤ɽȴЦЦĺǼΪա
ԭˣһȻһ£кϷˣ
ս֮ϣ¥ĳǿߣ׾ãİǵȫΧŰ֮ɣҲ˵ǽӷΧΪڳӷ֮ɵľˡ
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ѽˣ׾ãħ壬ǳӷĵˡ
ȻǾͱЩˣǿˡ
ɱӣ񲻽˵˵ô򵥰ɡԴӱѹ֮󣬾һֱ˵ڴ½ϣһʲôػߡңкܶ˴ԣӣǴ˵еĴػߡ
ӷ˻һҪֵˣʲô̫ڣȫһ¡
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ػߣСӣǴػߣ
Աߵĵаʵ
Զ˵ģǲģǻܿ϶
Ǵػߣʣֵףչֳʵ˵ʥһƷľ磬ôǴػߡ
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ھɷס޷̫ӷ磬ɳӷĻҲ󾪡
ͣǴػߣ½ĹСǾ¥ĴڣΪػߡȴ£¥죬ڱȵˡ
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ӷ𣬻ɢǿҵѪ⣬Ϸţʱһš
λȫ۾ˡ
顭
һȫɢ˿
ô׵磬
׾˿ӷҪò񷶦ˣǣô˵涯ò񷶦ǲ̫һ㣬ǿĵƸóǲ̫һ㡣
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ڣͻһӰһɫӰӰһ֣Ǿ¥ˣһɵסˡ
¥û
Ԫ񣬳֣Ԫģȴǳӷ籾ˣǡ͡


1505 ս5
ʵǺԪ֣ҪԸһǿߣǻûʲôģϾ񷶦ǵĳǿߣҲӦ
ǣڰǵĳǿʵ̫˵㣬Ȳ˵ھ飬ģ¥ĳǿߣÿһǵڶģЩһۼһʵͷʹѽ
ӷ罫ͻѣͽ˲񷶦Ԫ񽻻Ϊ˺˰ˣ
˵ˣԪֵܳʱ䣬ҲƵģõĴڣȻӷ޵ˣĻᱻ͵Ǵ½͸δˣ
ͻȻܼƬѩ򣬵׵磬źԪĳ֣Ҫذ㣬ǿȻǳڲ񷶦ġ
¥Ķǹ֮ǰѾʶԪҲ֪֮ģҪԪصĺ۳ǿ߶ԹǼֱķݣǽеȫͺ˵ˡ
¥ϴξξ
ɷҲΪԪĳ֣˵˼Ŀⶼ˹ȥûȥ赲ھˡ
ǹصھߣźԪ񣬾𣬵ʱԪôǸѹסġ
˵Ĵػߣ
û¥˵ǿı̬˵ǴػߵĻСӾ͸Ӳˡ
վǴ½Ĵ˵ػߣǿԻǴ½ģΪǴ½ǣȻǣʵΪ棬ȻǶĴڡ
ȻӷԵֵסףǵҲԻ½ѽ˵ǿߵԶԶԽ˴½˵ɣˣĴػߡ
ӷ֮ҪԪ񻽳һΪ˽ǰ鷳ҪˣػĿ꣬תƵ˵ϣԼɲΪػߣǣҲܳױ¶
Ȼǰ˵ǿǱ̽һɡ
ھǰԪԡ
¾Ǵ˵еĴػߣ
û̶֣ĳǿߣ֪ΪԼô𣬺ھҪ˵仰
ͣǲ˵ģֻǸ˰ˣǳӷһܻشھ⡣
Էһ仰˵ھΪԷûԼеһŭѾȼ
ȻһУǾñʶһ£νĴػߣǲд˵еǰǿ󡣡
䣬ھȫȫ˳Դػߣ˿ı
϶ԶԶҪȳӷǿĶ࣬ھһΧö෿Ӹȫ̼ˡ
ѩɽɵѩһνһεеƣھȫɢȴ˿ĹߣΪھѾȡơ
֨
ɫǷԲ֮أΧͷ·һ޴֩㣬һһ֣֮κһУȫϡ
ڰԪأһڰԴߡһ̫ǿˡ
ӷ̾˿ԪǸǵѡѽԼȥھģһԼ
϶ˡ
׾õڳӷĶСӦ˵Ժ
ӷ粻֪׾ô쵽ģԿ϶ǣ˵ġ
ӷû˵Ҳ˵ֻܿţھеӳ󣬻һôı̬
˵ʵʵӷԼ֪Ԫܵһôĵز̫ǿˣ˵ǲϵıǿ治֪Լܷܵס
ڸڵͬԵĵ̫ǿ󣬹ƺԪ֮ԴҪǰǿ
ھ˫һ죬һţеĺߣȫΧ˺ԪΧԪΧ
ӷʱ򲻶־Ǳķݣ˲񷶦ǿ֮Դ˷ۼҲΧ˺Ԫ
ھһǿ֮ԴΧסԪ´󾪣ɵĿЦһ˵û뵽յ֮ԴȻڱ֮ϡܿϧ½ϵ֮Դǲϵģյٶ࣬ۼ֮ԴҲΪһá
ھſһ㣬Ȼ񷶦֮ԴһڣһΪãЩ߸ſŽԪΧסˡ
ںԪֻҪһ£壬ͻᱻΣ
Ҫ֪ԪֻһԪ壬͵ģһûˣԪ񣬾ͻԶز񷶦𲻵κЧˣὫػһ˵ֱӴƣھ¥ҲŴܴػߵͷʼưԴ½Ʋɵ


1506 ս6
Ԫڶûпʼֻ֣˴֮Դ֮ԴΪھһֵĹס
ӱϿھռ˺ܴıˣܺԪյ֮ԴôǿԽһֹϾյģȫǴ½ԭе֮ԴֻҪ˭ȥգ
ӷȥҲǰ취½ϵ֮ԴͶԷ˺ھ˵еĳǿ߸İǱߵһˡ
׾Ҳһ취ҲûУ޷ְӷ磬ħ嶼Ѿۼ˴ѩɽ֮£һʱְӷĻ֮ǰһУôħ޾Ͱ׸ˡ
һУֻܿӷԼڣҲֻܳӷԼȥ취
ȻźԪĳ֣кܶûǰ֮ɣԪǴ˵еĴػߣĿ꣬Ҳǰ֮ɡ
û˿Կ϶ػߣŴ֮ûдŹϵ٣м֪Ŵϵ˾Ǵ½ʼһشܣȻû˵ڹÿһ˵ﶼʮ
٤ɽѾһȽصĵطû˻ȥע˺Ԫ֮֮⣬û˻ȥעġ
Ǹǿ߸ҵĸоղֵǸ͸ҵĸоһġͣһǷô۵ǿߣһǸˡ
˶٣٤ɽʣ˵Ϊʲôô̵ʱ֮ڣ͵ķӵǿ½֮Դ𣿡
˫۲ͣĿźԪ٤ɽûȥעӷ籾֮ɣҲûȥᣬֻĴǱߣ·𣬾֮ɣڿⳡսƵġ
ʱУһƹ֣ʹ˶Ϊ֮һ
׾˫۳񣬿Ļƹ⣬˰ǵĳƹ⣬ǻ֮ġ
֮⣡ѵǻ˳ˣ
׾ȻתûȥӷϷĺԪ
˵˳ˣҲͲѽͣΪʲô֮ɻڰǵģΪˣ˰֮ɣͬʱŻ֮ǵҲ
û˵󲻴˵СС˭Żǻ֮أҵ֮ˣһ԰ӷġ
񣬰׾ǰ񡣵Ǹ׾ͬʱڰʱ˵ͬʱһطʱ֮ѣ֮ѣ˵һģҲ˵˳ֺһֹУһڣֳ˰ǣ˵ڶ֮ɣһҪȵ˳֣ǵŻ֣Դƣȫۼ֮Ҳͳְ˸ѽǵھŰֽôʽʲôʱأ
Щ׾ûûȫף͸˵ǳӷˡ
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ҳ֮ˣ԰㡣
׾õһγ˳ӷԺ֮С
ӷһתһ۰׾ã׾ýʹһɫǱߵķ
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ӷһ̧ͷ˵£¥ͽˡ
ϷĺԪȻǲ˵ģھӷķӦĻƹ⣬ҲʶʲôƵġ
˵˳ˣ˭ûߣð֮ɡܣϰ˸ҳ
аȻ֪⵽ôһ£ʲôģȻˣȻҪհ졣
סͣȥұƹסˡסһдۣҪ˸Ҵİȥ
ǣ磬ģһҵ
ӷԼ˹Ȼһת˵׾ãҲ䵽¥İǵаɡҵѾס˺ھɷסİǸ¥ˣֻҪҵҵǿԷһѸ㡣
˵ħŮСӵĻŵĹĸˡ
С˭ĸ
ħŮᣬҡ
ٷϻ
׾ôӵĻͷ뾡һа취İǵֵ׾һˣԣǵķⲻǻоŴħ


1507 ս7
нݾ£˭ȥѡһԶ·ĻǾɵƣȻܶʱݾƮĴڣһǳһǧѷĻᡣ
ð֮ɣ˵£֪֮ԸԸΪԵģ㲻˳ۣΪǿҲǶëá
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Ǿ¥İǵǳǿ߻ͨǿߣһʱ뵽ģҵ֮ˡ
ھʱƹ˺ɷƹ֮س˹ȥ׾Ҳİǵȫ
Ե𣬾ǰ׾ɼķɲ˵ġ
ڵаǵˣȫŴħ赲
ӷ˿赲Ҳǵһ¼˺ھƹ֮س˹ȥ
ڰǵĳط¶ڲͣתţ··ƵģߵһӣתһӣҪȥ˶࣬ĵطɾҲ
֪ΪʲôͻȻһƹ⣬¶ȫΧסˡ
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ھתͷһӷ󣬿ڸûʱȥܳӷ磬һڹ⣬Ҫӷ
ӷһתǱߵѾ׾øľŴħסҲ˵ڵͣԪûˡ

ӷһһԪȻ˳ӷǰһӣھĺڹƽˡ
Ҹ㶨Ǽһ

Ԫٶȿףգ֮䣬Ѿס˺ھȥ·
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ھ浱Լ˲ػ߽о㻹ûʸɡ
ӷڲſʼ񷶦񷶦յ֮ԴɲھǴ½ģǴ⣬ģ֮ԴҲǺھܹģһ֮ǰһȥ֮ԴĻִ֮ԴԿԸ˺
ʵ֮Դ͸Ʒһ㣬֮ģģڴ½ϵЩ֮ԴٶµľѾӵԭǵˡ
ƷҪӹʳ񫣬ûӹĶƷһʳˣǾ·һ֮ԴҲͬĵ
ھ벻ԪȻ½֮УһͬĴڣͨڣֱ֮֮ԴҲ̫˼˰ɡ
Ԫ㹻֮ԴȻģӷҲҪܵľ޴ѹǰõǣȥɳӷˡ
ھʶһ´ػ
ӷ˫ſɵøӡ

ԪֱھھԪٶȱԼҪĻᶼûУ
мסһУϣԪʱΪʮӰӲͬķھ
ھǰҵֵţΪԪٶȸʵǴĿ£ǺھȳǿߣҲֻϸмܣ޻֮
ӷھѾסˣҪɱھǲ̫ܣϾǸԪ񽻻ͣԼԼķûԼԴԼѪͲɱ˺ھ
Ȼɱˣӷ˷ʱ䣬һºԪǣסھԼѾʧûӰˡ
ſڣ٤ɽѾһץס¶뽫¶ʱУһɫĽ⳯
νն죡

顭
ɫ٤ɽˣ٤ɽ˽¶ǰһƣ¶˵ϣлƹıһ¶ûУ٤ɽˣΪݺᣬˣͣĺˡ


1508 ս8
һ
ӷ绺أûΪ¶ͨˣӷɲһѾͷˡ˵ڴĻƹ⣬¶ϣ֤¶ǻ
٤ɽҲǸ򵥵ĽɫΪȻԶԶӷ磬һͷԣȴʮֵؿ£֪ôǵģҲ֪ĿΪʲô
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˵һΡܱ͹˿佱ҲǱ˵Ұɡ
ˮ㣬޵У
٤ɽˣͷԺã˼ܣüΪˣĵ൱٣ӷھͺ
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ǲ̫ܣԴӳӷʹδκ˿ˮʵ֤һе÷㵽ҪˮĵزҲ̫ûƷˣ
Ȼӷ粻ˮ˲ˮ
٤ɽ֪򲻹ӷ磬ֱӷסˣ˵Ǵ¶ԼҪ뿪̫ܡ
ʱ٤ɽֻһ취ǾתƳӷ⣬Լлˣ㲻¶ֻҪסԼʲô˵
ͣˣеӣҲֻǵСˡպڹѸֵףЩʵѡҪһǿ㻹Զ
٤ɽԵֻ˵ġ
ӷ˫¶׹⣬Ķ٤ɽˣһǸ޴вһ뿪ǣպΪԼưԴ½谭
ٸһףΪ˵ҾͻᱻȻͳŭյʱˡ٤ɽˣ٤䲻̫ʲô壬ɽģĸ֣ǿߡԣǸ֣ԲǸǿߣΪһֻ֣Ϳ㡣
٤ɽ˲ûΪӷķ˵ͣʵˣκΪУˣ̫װˡ
װƣʲôϵȻİǵˣ͵ҵĶǾûߡϴˣˣΣ붼롣
ŶȻˣǲǴô
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ͣҵΪ֮£ѵ𣬶֡
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Ȼ˵ΪʱҲǴΪԾѵ˳ӷ粻ɣΪˡ
ѽǰʱ䴫ξ֮ӳǣǰ򣬾Ϊġ˵ǰǵˣôܻᷴξܡ˵ˣǵ۶ǵļ֮ףûɻᷴվڰߵģԲܡ
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׾һѹס˵ͷİǸ¥Ҳȫʱ˹
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аеСģȴϣ׾ѹסͷĵ𣬶ʱʧˡ

ӷһ㶣û뵽һȻҲзңķû׾ø˵ķҲѽ
ǵģûһ򵥵Ľɫ
׾һ֣¶ƹ⣬ϡ
Ԫס˺ھھڲֻҪǺԪƻе
¥ҲȫϵˣǣҲȫ˹
֮ɣ֮ǰλãɵǰϿգɢ˱֮ǰǿҵİ׹⣬¶ϵĻƹ⣬Ŀʼںϡ
֮Ǹ֮Ҫˣ֮ɣҪˡ
׾òǺܴڳÿһˣʮ
ϰѾͷھ󺰵
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٤ɽ˳˳ӷΪԼҪʱȻһȸӷһ̼䣬ֳ¶˫ֱ֣ץס¶
˭ҹɱѾͷ
Ļ쵰Ȼôһ֣
Ц٤ɵĺáϴѾͷߡ
뿪Ȼ֮ɻ᲻ͣƶģһڣ֮ɾͻʧʱҪңˡ
׾٤ɽǰһߣŶûС
κˣֶһ˭ˣ¶֮ˣͻû˶ûˣǾŴͻֱһѡ


1509 ʥƷ1
СӣѾͷԷ뿪Ļ˭ʲôݣҾ¥ΪУ·һǵˣ޳ȥŮˣЩŮйصˣͳͳһ
ھѾʼˣ¶ˣ䵽٤ɽ˵ֻҪԼһҶ٤ɽʱԽ¶ɱĻ֮ɾͻʧġ
ңֵ֮ʱҲõģ֮ǰʹ֮ĻôͲ֪Ҫȵ£֮ɲŻˡ
Ǻھ׾ãе𣬶ҶҲԵˣֹ
ǣʲôطваˣӷ磬֮һ
ɱǾ鷳㡣ɱѾͷ֮󣬱ӻɱء
ӷһ㶼ں·𶼲֪֮ζʲôƵģð׾úǷ꣬ļһ㣬٤ɽ˸Ƽˣɱ˵ġ
׾Ҳȥӷ˵ѽһ˵ˣǾͽԼӷⳡϷƻˡ
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㵱ӷɵѽ٤ɽ޿ƥеͷԸıһļһҪŴֱһ죬һأӷɵΪɱһ٤ɽˣھŴҪֻ֮٤ɽ˴ڽѵĵز¶͵һűһˣڳɾͲֹһӷҪɱ֮⣬ˣҪɱ
ڶеˣ٤ɽˣղŽ㲻ߣڸҲ߲ˣҲסˡ
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ڸͲȥעģֻǵõ֮ɣ¶㵽֡
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ͣôҿ˵ܺ棬Ÿģڿ£Ҿˣɱң㻹ǲˣ
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͹ӣȻ鴫뼤ǰɣ˼ǲ㵱ġѾͷҪˣǷߣһԱ֤˺ǸӲĻǴҾͺŰɡ
ģ
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¶ؿڣһ⣬⽫ۼ֮ԴȫΪһ壬¶ؿڣγһС͵档
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1513 Ϲ
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1514 İĶ
ʮʱ䣬¶Ѿˣǰͨ˵¶ѾһԴˣȻΪߣȴһʼӵС棬ֱӾʹ𾳽ˡ
ӷ֪ģϹ飬Ȼ¶ļϹĻйأпܾϹĻңǳӷɾͲܸ٤ɽЮˣҪϺܶ࣬ԭ򣬳ӷڻ˵
һǻؼҺˣ̫ң̫Σˡ
ҪؼңҲҪмҿɻزѽȻӷҲȥļҶѾԼˣһصѨԼļҶûˣһҳӷƴġ
粢ʵͦġ֮ǰֻһ⣬ҲˣΪ˾㣬ҿܴġ
㻹ٸסʱ˭ɱҵġ֣Ҽ˻һŹġ
֮ǰӷû¶ļ˷ǵ˵ҲܻǳǿߣֻҪǳǿߣӷ綼Խ
ڵһˣӷ˺ܶ뷨һ¶ļˣԼ治һӦ
İɣԺһᱣģֻҪڣͲκ˺㡣
ΪʲôҪң˵ʵֲǺ졣ңҴһͨͻȻ֮Դߣ£ҵʱ֪ôҼء
Դ߲һ𣬾֪ˣҲллҲŶԡ
ˣҼɲϣҳΪԴߡǼЩػʵ̫ˡҸһػȥˣԵĻͨһͨӡ
Ȼ¶Լ˵صϣǳӷҲͲʵܸܲңļ壬ôػʲô
Ҳ֪Ҫҽμ֮ҸײŻҵġҸҲڽ˼֮ʱүүŽǼܸҸ׵ġҸ״˳ȥˣӦҵ˸ǼйصĶȻǲ뿪ġ
ļ𣿡
Ȼˡ
ԼҲ˵ˣ磬ǺΣյģļҲ֪ʲôطҲʲô£ʲôΣաɣȥļˣ㹻ȥǵġ
ҸǣڿЦɡ֪Ҹʲôطȥˣҿɲһ˴ڼġ
¶֪ļںδҲ˵ļ˲ûиȥʲôģȥʲô
ӷһ£ӣ¶Լļ壬ʲô֪ҪĿʳʲôҲǲ̫ܵġ
ǣֻҪ¶ԼһԼʱļ˻ˣҲͲҪԼصȥˣǻġ
ʱܽ壬˵ӣ²ˡ
ʲô£
İǵĴѾۼѩ֮⣬ӣҪǷˡ
ߣĿ湻ġ֪ͨ磬ȫҵɽȥ
ǣӡ
֮󣬰ǵĴȫۼɽ£ڵѩ֮ڣѾûһֻħˣеħޣȫ׾ôˣҲ˵ڲķʵҪǵĻһǳɵ飬ûħȺ谭֮£ֱӵɽ¡
ӷֱӴӰǷ£վ˾ӵǰ
ԶԶȥһ֧ǿľӣѾԣֵǣзûֱӹӡ
ӣİǵ˸ʲôھȻѩ֮⣬׼ˡ
д
ܿ죬˹
ǰȥ̽һ£İǵʲô
ǣӡ
ǣǷİǱߵˣûϢ
յ
ֱ˵ɡ
ǵ˴İǴϢа֧İӣΪ
ǴҰǵģ
ֻһפѩ֮⣬һͲӰˡ
Ӱڸʲô
ӣİǻ᲻ǰǣ
ѩطûмİǾӵӰӣ
ʱûС
Ӧòǡһ򣬾һǸ٤ɽ˼ȻİǣֲǸʡ͵ĵƣһʲôƻԸǡǣͷȻذȥӸߴԶܲҵİǵĵڶ֧ӡ
ǡ
ֵ
ڡ
ɳħޣУ鿴ѩסֻѩ֮ڷУ뿪ѩΧ
ǡ
ǣԡ
Ů˹ڵΪܵõӦеĶҲֻܸųӷɽˣȻ֮ʱӷҲںڴʲôע⡣
ɢѩɽΧһеˣͳͳĨɱû⣿
û⡣
ܺáƼǼأ
ӣû
ȥҲòǡĶȥƶ졣ڲǣΪûҪǣǵʱǻӰĻǾͱˡ


1515 
ϣİѩ֮⣬һ㶯ҲûУ˵Ҫסӣð뿪ѩ򣬽İǵĻǻ˵Ĺȥѩ֮󣬾סһطҲǿԴطƹȥģɵ£İȥ
ӣǲǵвҲ
Ǹεļ߲ȫ壬ӷһ£˵ڻ˵Ŀ֮ǰǲҶģһˣǳԿģ϶ǡ
˶٣ӷ˵ŲڰжǣӦ֪ô˰ɣ
ӷģˡ
ڳ֮⣬ûκˣ֪ӷ絽
ҹʱ֣ѩ֮⣬İǵľУͻȻȼһŴ𣬻ֱİݡ
ˣŻˡ
İľӪڣʿкӪڣȫ˳
ʦ˾Ȼ𡣡
ٳȲҪż
żݶˣûݣʲôȥǣ
ǳģܾӪ߷ʲô£ȥ
Сӣ
֪٤ɽ˸ԼİǣҸԼİǺ֮Ϳʼƽ⡣
ѵԼʱĲãԼĸ׿ʼԼˣŻæ
ȻڵǳҲ͸͹ˣɵǲţڣȻҲῴԼݲա
а֪ӣݱһܲסڴ֮ǰаν򣬲ܵʱʲô飬Ҫֹ
ʲôֱӳȥҪȻ𣬺ҲûٽٳֱӾͽ赲
ٳǳҲΥͬģҲΥ򣬾ͱµģˡ
ʦʲô˼
ƻ˳ļƻٳ΢£ֻҪ죬İǣõ벻Ķ
˵һҲ֪ԸûбģֻҪǵаµ᲻һеȥִС
ãҿһ¡ʦҪңʲôˣ
̾˿˵֪Ҿ͸ɡǸǵ۶Ǹصĳ٤ɽˣӦĻ¡
ʲô۶Ǹһɱħļһ˵ΪҲ϶쾳磬ȴû˼ı𣿡
ûҲǵ۶ĵһμһֽ壬ƾһ֮˵۶ıǼûһĶ֡Ȼһ֮⣬ʱûȥʲô
۶ǵ飬ڶҲ˽һ㣬ǵ۶ڲ֮¡
ڰǵʱ֪ǵ۶֮ԣ֤۶壬Ѿ˷ģ٣û
ڣ𻹲ܻص۶ǣֻҪһȥǵ۶ڣᷢһң壬һս
ʮӰԼľӪҲԼϵıЩӰɱһһĵڵϣɵƨܷš
ɱʱҪȫǵͳͳɱ⡣
ٳģֻҪεļƻɹǣǵ֮
ģİεֶΣӦòСƻǲǵаģӦòҪȥ²ˣаǲ⣬Ҳֻñˣθأ̫硣
ʱʮ˹Ѿ˰ǡ
ӷ鷿ڣʮ˹еĴڴˡ
ôˣ
عӣǳɹİݸչˣɱǲˡ
ûûģ
ûУȫˡ
ɵĺáһҹ֮ôˣҲˣİľĶңÿһʱÿһ̣ǵجΡˣǶȥ˰ɡ
عӣǲҪˣʮˣûһ˵ġ
˵ʲôûһ˵ģ
ǵġӣǷŻʱǲûֹɱǵʱҲûл֣һЩһվűɱ
ӷȻʵԷ˭ģ
ǵ򡣡
ӷ鷿ڲͣ߶ţ鲻̫ԾӦ˵̫Ծˡ
һôˣӷˣһôˣӷ˽һ㣬ˣԼݱգǵ˱ɱȻһҲУһ⣡


1516 ջɳ²
ȥϢɣǽн
ǣӡ
뿪鷿漴ǽ룡
ڽĵһ̣ǾͿӷɫǳѿ
ӣʮ˹ȵжʧˣ
ûУܳɹ
ȻɹˣΪʲôӵɫôѿ
ӷ粻ɵЦһ˵ʮ˹ȲǳɹˣǳɹԵк˽⣬ãῴǵݱգǵ˱ɱʮ˹ȾǵƤӵȥʲô𣿡
ʱҲɫ䣬ʵӵ˼˵ʮ˹ȣʲôû
ǵġ
һ⡣
ӷ֪Уʲôطأİǵʲô
ˣǵôˣ
عӣİפѩ֮飬Ѿ֪ˣ½ڹעǸİǵⳡսһûǺڵȴһʱ˫Ĳʱ
㲻ҪɣǽоǲʱġһǲκһΪҰǣİǣÿһҪµĶ󡣵ڶû˿Կ϶Ҹ׾֮䵽淭ǼϷһֻһȦףеȫȻħǾʧˡڵ㣬ǰ׾áɱôħޣһŹҵģͬʱ׾ҲὫκһһȫѩǾͱ˰׾áȻ㣬˺ģȻң׾һȶҴȥ
ǹӣڸô죿
ĿǰҪģҪȸİǵʲô⣬İǵĵڶ·ʲôط鵽ûУ
ʱû鵽İǵĵڶ·ǳأĿǰûκ֪ʲôλá
ҶţֻҪ֪ͨҡ
ǡˣӣ֮ǰҪƵ飬Ѿ׼ˣֻҪİһˣǾͿԳʱԲĵǵĵһĿ꣬İǡ
ţԼһ£ֻҪİһˣʲôùܣϸҽ¡
ǣǾŴ׹һǳأ֮ôûǣΪ׹Ǹİ̫ˣһǷĻ㽫ǸǱİǣ߰Ǹ½أûùӳԡ
ڰǸİǣҲ׶ǣԭһģһǣһӮҡ
񣬳ӷҪðգȴİǣǱϵĹ
νթȽеʵȫİǵϣͻȻǣǲ˭󲻵ģİǷӦ֮Ѿڰǵˡ
ڹǣӷ绹ǷǳĵģǸֵ֣һһǿ˵֮
ڶ죬Ǿͳ鷿ְԵʵʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼
İѩˣôһ㶯ҲûС㲻ҴĻ͸һ֧ӣȥǡ
嶯ԶħƽҲѽôʱͳŲסأҵʱôİҵĽɽ㡣
Ľɽң
һӷ⻰ǿˣʵѽɽң
ֲˣԶġ˵ʵɣҴʱ䣬֮꣬ҾҪ뿪ʱȻҲܽ´ߣ˽֮⣬ûеڶ˿иˡ
ǰʵģ
ǵȻġ´ûа׳ԵͣҪõҽµĽɽҲΪ顣
ģֻҪ˵һµġ
ӷ˵ģǿܲţ˵⻰ǻŵģϾӷԼ˵ˣ綼ҪԼģˣ£Ȼڱ˵ˣ
ҪģҴ£ǣʱҪ㣬ˣɱҵȥֻҪܰҶԭҵĶǸʱ򣬾ʲô£ҲʱϵңҶҵġ
Ǵ½˶Զû֪ɳӷ⻰˵ģȴ˵ɡ
˽ӷˣ֪ںˣʣмˣ˽ӷġ
֮ǰӦ˰׾ã͸ֻҪܰԼɱػȥ
ڣӷִӦǣһģӣӷŵģѽЩ֮䣬Ҳܽӷŵȥ˵˵ˣԼûκεĺô
Ե㣬ӷץĺֻܽҪץס㣬ҪĶǵʱҪʲôͻʲô
۸֮䣬̫Ĺͬ㣬һžۣӷ϶᳤ǰ˵ġ
ӡ
ٴν鷿ڣĻ̴ס
Լˣʲôֱ˵ɡ
ӣİڶˡ
ܺáʲôط
ڣڡ
˵µġ
ǵˣոմϢ
ǣ
û
ӷȻʵ˵İڶǵش
ǵġ
ã
ջɳ²֣
İǽȵˣ


1517 ;
ӷȽǸ֧ˣȥʲôҲãǳӷϲģԭԼİΪӣûעǣֻҪһǾͿԸһߣͬʱİǣİǲֵܵסء
ڣӷʵ飬ȻİǸȵˣһİǵĻҲζţӷķֱӾõԼͷϣİǸǽһߣ߼йԼǣǿ̣ӷ£һԵı£סǡ
ӣǲԼڲ⣿Ϊʲô뵽õļƻİǷ棬пʼˣ
¾֪ǲɵԼļƻߵߵġ㣬Ҳκˡ
Ȼûе֪İΪʲôһȥǣ
飬ֻ˵ɺϣѵĽ𣬷ӷǽͲˡȻİǷ棬ӵӾްҹǰԤ֪ˡڵǣǴ½ӵԤ֪ģ򣬵ʱĺӾްҹҲὫǴ½ʥּú֮ˣԼ͹ġ
İڶǵʲôλã
ǵʿϢǷѾʼսˡΪ鷢̫ͻȻǷʱǵи߲㣬ǿߣעǰǸİǽսϣİڶʱ򷢶ǿĻǷܿǵֵסġ
һȺɵϣҪϷҲѽȻԼķ߶Ҫˡķһˡ
ӷϴ˿˵ټɽȫѩ֮İˣ磬׼װ
ӣҪʱȥǣ
ϣļɣȻǾֻܷǣȥĵطˡϾ·йķʽ֣ǾԵֵסġ
ȫȥǣѩ֮İǷǸô죿
ճǼơذǣһдۣҼ죬죬ҾͿİڶ޹
죿
Ҫһճǣסİ죬ⲻڿЦ𣡵Ǳߣһ֪˰ȫϸǣֹǵĻض̷ƣֱǵģҲ˵ıߣһ˶ռġ
ߣһˣһճǣҪάʱ䣬ڰһǿ򣬷򣬱˵죬ʱҲǼֲסġ
ӣҿԽҵڰǣҲܱ֤ܷʱ䡣
ֲˣ˶ҪֹסİڶͬʱǵĻһʧˣҲǲҰܡ
ڿΪˣôǵһ⣬ӷѾ˵ĺˣֲסˣҪ
ӷһǵļ˵ǽģε飬ҵİǷĳ˸ˣȻ鶼ѾˣǵһҪģһζſɲܣҪһеȥ쵽áǣΣҿ˵ǽеȫһ˵ҳɹܴʲôֻ˵ֲ֮ǰµĴ󡣿һɹˣǲһ̵ʤ
ûӷһΣȷǽеһУȫѺһ˵ϣһʧܣǾʲôûˣҪٷչһԣɳӷȴ˵ǿƣҪȵͷȥˣķչɳӷôʱ𣿾ûУ
ʱ򣬿˵ӷûκʸȥκˣֻһ·Ǿǣɣʧȥһûʲô
ȻңҰѰǸˣҲԲʮ˴ˡӣָܲң
ʮ˹ȣȫģҲЩˡ
ãʮˣϳЩˣһᱣסǵġ
ѩɽ֮£Ѿټоӣӷ֮ǰЩˣ̼ǼҲȫ˹ӷ֮ǰ˵ҲҪǵʱǿԲ֣Ҫǵʱ򻹿ǵӰǾҪҲµ
ԴǴɣȥ˶ûãڰǣҲʲôˡ
ң죬ˣֵ˸ֵȷӣǰǸֵЩ˵ڣеһУȫˡ
˸ˡ
ӷվߴһΣǰ
˵ֻһˣǾõĺڰô򵥵ĵҶӦסڴˣҲԳʲôˣ֮Уֻоˣûйӣֻоûݣǰ˭ʲôˣҵľУҵľĻɱ֮
һӣ˿̵ĳӷֵʮְҲòΪЩ˽ʿȫӳʲôˣη壬ӷ粻һ㶼С
İǣΪһѩ֮⣬ǣ㣬Ҳ֪ˡҸոյõϢѩ֮İֻİǵһӰˣĿ꣬ǡ
ӷ绰䣬ƶվʵ͹ӣ˵ģǲģ
ϻʱһǿЦƶ죬ˣӦΪһİǣǽʲôɣ
ϷȻ
ǲˬȻ鶼ѾһƶѵѰ·֪ôĽǾӦһе׼׼Ҫá
Ȼ֪ˣرǾˣӦø֪ԣΣҪȥѩ֮İҪǰǣİǵĵڶ֧ˡΪҰǣΪ˵ΣԴңΪֵԵֻҪĺȫҵָӣȻҲұ֤İǵĴͳͳɱ⣬٣ǵĵڶ֧һ룬ͬʱǣҲֻҰǣõ¡
䣬ȫͬһ͹ӵ
ܺá
ڡ
ȫص㣬ǡ
ǡ


1518 ˮ
ϣѾˡ
ѩ֮⣬İһ㶯ҲûУʿڣǱߵһһ㱨
һվ˵ʦӦõʱ˰ɣ
ٳĪļٵȵȡ
ȣѾ뿪ˣǽǵѻᡣ
ǳ֮ǰͽΪ̫գƶˣΪ˷ֹˣʲôۣûо԰ٷ֮ٵİ֮ǰ߶ܶ֡
ǻҪȵʲôʱ򣿡
һ졣㳲ĻֻҪһʱ䣬Ǿȫ˽⵽ǵ١Ͼһ֧ӣǲ̫õġߣͲǷǵĶ·ȥǣҲôŸϹȥ˵ˣǻǲǵȫһֻΪһӣȥǵĻȫڴѩɽΧɱɽʱᱻɱֲġ
Ҳ˵ʲôһͽǸ˵ҲûΪ̫ƻʱΪͿ֤һС
Ȳ˵ɱǴ֮£ƨҷţȥΣ󣬻ûһռ˵ģóӷһ
һǿߣǲ£ʵͬʱ߱ˣӵжֶΣˣΪκһ˵ǿС
òϣǺҲòϣӷһǳѲĶֻ֣ϣεļƻܽ͸ǣһɡ
ڣոճߣѾʼ׼ˡ
ѩ֮İûж
ʮ˹ȫۼ壬·ڵ壬һ壬Ҳ˵һС֮⣬еǿߣȫˡ
ѩĵоδκεĶ
ش
ø׼ʱ䡣Щһһǵǻʲô̽ģǽʱ䣬ᳬһ죬ǣҲǶһʱ䡣
˶٣˵ǼסֻҪ죬ŹǱߣҲֻҪʱ䣬ͿԽİǵĵڶ·ɱȥ
˵ò˵ǣҲҰοˣεӷԼûһգָοء
ʵ֤ǵĵǺģո뿪ѩ򣬲ͻȻϮı꣬ǿҵıѩԵĺܹ졣
Ѿ뿪ѩ򣬲ܴ֮ıѩġƶ죬ڵĵʲô򣿡
ϷûǴĻӦþǰǸǣİǵĽ֮ˣȴҲ˵ƬǲܴڱѩģΪǰ֮أһƬȴֻ֣Ҫȴ֣ǵΧˡ
ӷ˵ͷƶϼһ֪صģΪΪԼʱ͸ԼŸɣʧܣƼ壬Ҳֻ·һ
Ȼⳡѩ˵Ĺ죬ǾͲųǵڸһѩӦֻǷսˣҲ²ⲻĻսӦûڡ
û˵꣬ӷһֱֱֻǰİ֮һƬïܵĴ֮С
ȫ׼ȴ֡
֧ӣĿȴ֣
սϣ˽ˣ˽ԼܰսͬģڵλõĲ˽⣬Ҳ԰̡
ӷ֪Щԣȴ֮ʱֹͣ
ǰǰԶһСӣˮǳ峺˵Խ峺ĺУԽû㣬ڵ㣬ȴǷǳģӣǳ֡
ڵЩ㣬ȫӵźɫۣǵͷϣŶǣһӺˮӷӺϷɹЩСС棬ȫΪЩ
ӣЩʳ㡣
ʳ㣿ⶫǰ٣û뵽Ǽˡ
һתӷ¶գʵ㣬ܳԵ𣿡
ѽܳԣԽ׺ݵģԽӣǲǶˣҪҪȥץ
ץҪץģȴǸҳԡˣȥѺʳ㣬ȫץɡסֻҪģĲҪ
Ȼ֪ӷҲʲôȥץ㡣
ЩҰϷ룬һʿǷǳֵģץʳ㣬Ѳǡ
ӷҲʱΧתһ£ֲһͬ㣬ǾǵϣʱʱɢһΪΧƬ̫ȵĹϵɡ
ӷ罫ϵץһѣһ£һţȴͻȻ֣Լץ£Ȼˮݣˮݻܳ㡣
ȴôڵ»˳ˮݣ
ӷ˺üطץ˰ֶһģƬ֮£Ŵˮݣֻݺر𣬲ܽʵģ˺Ƚʱһһʱ
⣬ˮǡˮ
ˮһжҺ壬Ҳ˵һˮеĽֶһСı˳ԽǾǱɵģ
ȴֵĵ£ȻдˮڣҪ֪͵磬ˮֻڳɰʹֿУܻڵ֮µģ
ʲôȴ֣һƬˮ


1519 Ӫ
ӣǧЩˮо綾ġ
ӷץȥ
ӷ᲻֪Щˮӵо綾ģƤӦò°ɣ
㿴ѣЩֻҪڣġ
ӣͲ֪ˣֶʳˮǻͨ˵ƤֱӽڵģֻҪ΢մһ㣬ͱɡ
֪ӷڹѸҩɽĶ£ΪʳˮĶڹѸֽȻͬͣΪ˰ȫҪһ¡
ͨƤ壿ѵˮҲֵ𣿡
̫˼ˣǴ½ϣҺ壬֣ĸƵġ
ӣʵ֣ʳ˴֣ڵĺܶණġʳ㣬µʳˮˡڴ֮ڣʳ˻ʳÿһ֣ǼΪµĴڡֻһ֣ش˭Ƭ֣н޳ģֻҲΪʲôЩǰǣİǣǣ֮䣬ĹϵΪҪٶȣĿĵأһҪƬ֣򣬾ҪϺԶһ·ӱĵطȥ
֮ľ룬ģǰǸİ֮俪սǣδǸİЩҲûȥǣԭƬ֣ΪؼĴڡ
ٶȣ˳ɰܣرսϣоٶ̫죬ͬţ㣬ʣܴʤ̡
ӷף֮䣬ΪʲôֽܱƽˣԭΪƬֵĹϵƬʳ˴֣ش
ǣƬ˵㣬ôİôͨģͨǰǵĻ̶ʱ䣬ôܽǵΧ֮ڣ
Ҳ²ĹȻûİǴƬڣҾ
ӣİǷ棬ѾǵĶȫһˡ
٤ɽˣȻˢӣ־ƵİţİǵĵаǣǾ벻ģֻǸ٤ɽˣĳ
ȲİôƬֲܵ˺ģ٣ӷڻû뵽ԼĴڽֺܱ֤ܲÿһ˶£ɲҪδϵˣѾƬָһ룬ǿ˷۱ѽ
һƬҶϷ£һʿļϡ
ͻȻ䣬ӷֻһʹĴתһʿϣȻƬɫҶӣҶӣʿ壬ȫΧҶϣһССͣͲ󣬵Сڵݣȴʮַġ
һһڣһһģЩҶӣֱӽʿɵˣ˷ӦʱͷѾʣˡ
ʲô
ӷðһŻ棬һЩҶȫճɻҽ
ӣǾʳҶ
ҶֻҶͿԽһˣ̼ɵҲ̫˵ɡ
˵˵ǽָоսˣվƬ֮⣬ǾԵΣգ˵ǲѽ
˺ʮӪ
ǣӡ
ڡ
ǲϵյǰսڿ˴赲ʳ˴֮⣬һҲвˣ
ʳ˴֣Ȼһϣ޷ͨеĻǾͲİǽ֮ǰֹˡ
̾˿شǰΪҲ̫ãһ֧ͨӣܷͨء
˵ҪƬָΪƽأǼֱڳ˵ΣҪ֪ʳ˴ֵƬѩѽ
Ǽֵǰȥһʳ˴֣ǵǱУҲֻҪ֮һķΧˣ˵䲻ģҪͨʳ˴֣ǾԲܵģ֧Եˣӵйǵʵ
˵ʳ˴µģ֪Щ
ѵиµĶ𣿡
Ȼʳħ
ʳħʲô
ޣһ־޴Ĺޣ˵ϹʱĹޣ޴ޱȲǣӵ󲻵˵ʳħһֱ˯ʳ˴֣Ϲ֮ս󣬾ûѹˡϣιǣʳ˴ָ̫ĶʳħˣȻ˵Ҿͬоȫɥʳ˴ֵġ
ǳǰϢѾʳ˴ֵʮ֮Ӫˡ˵ԹӵԸô
Ȼӵ˵鷳ˣҴǣ֪ʳħĴڣһӲʳ˴֣ʳ˴ڵİôĶһᾪʳħġ
Ǹô죿
ߵ㲻ùˣ׷ϴʳħ߹ӡ
ãϳ
סһҪ졣ʳħϹŹޣԸһǿƥˣһǰ׾ǵȴڣδֵܵס


1520 
Ӫʳ˴ʮ֮İûһˣӢµĳȥ
˵ȻǳӷֳˣǾͲκһģֻ˵涼ûһЩֲҰ֮£ǲֵ̫ˡ
֮ڣӷóһͼֽͼֽϣźܶελãΪˮкɳĮҲд֣·磬Ŵͼֽ֮ϡ
ӣʲô
ǵһμͼֽͽֵ˶ǵһ˾͸˵ˡ
еͼ
ͼǸʲôõģ
ӷһָŵͼϵһλã˵ǰǡİǡǡطǵ֮ˡ
ӷָļطڵͼռݵСҲ˵ĵطȫͼ֮ϡ
Ȼŵͼǳӷһ˻ģڴ½طһ㶼˽ĳӷ磬ҲܽĵλȫУǵİæ
ųʼĵͼ˵ȫȷģϾҲǰأԼ֪һЩӷ续ĵͼҪӷȥ޸ġ
͹ӣ˼˵½ͼ֮ϣ
ǰʵڼˣȫ֮ڡ
Ŀǰ˵ŵͼҪĸơǣѩ򸽽ļλãӦǲ̫ġԣҽôˣ
ǰ˵ӣҴһ˵ĵΧ鿴һ£˵ǰ㣬İǴӺüλýֵģڴĽӡ
ʲô

İȻ˴֣ⲻѽôȥģ
ڴ⣬ûд򶷹ĺۼ
ûС
ȳӷ˵˵ˡ˵İǾǵľ룬ǰǲģҪĽֵĻǾͱаٷ֮ٵ˽СȻǰǶ޷Դְٷ֮ٵ˽⣬İô˽⣬Խľȫ֣
ǲܣ
ӷλվ˵һصĵطҪû˿˵Ľ룬취
취
ң뵽ûУ
ڰǵһУų⣬ΪģƺХˡƺХѾˣʣµģֻһң
ǲµˣ񶼲̫ܡ
˵˵
һ£һϡҪӵص½֣ЩˮͨϣǾ͸̫ˣΪ֮󣬾ˣһİӿн䵽ֵĻǱֲɵϣһֱӳйģİֵĻᶼûС
š˵ûҪĽֻ֣ӵ£ǾԲܡӿнȥͲһˡİҹ˾ϣһַε˵ĶĿǾͿ֪ĴӿУ䵽ȥУҪչκεĴ򶷡
͹ӣǵǿ߿ɲϹӣôȫǻһҲ
ѽǱ߿ɲһЩϹ̣Գƶϣȴӵ½Ӳܣ
ӷ粻Цһ˵٤ɽˣǳ£жˡ
һ³һǳѵǸ٤ɽˣô
ȲҪôֵˣȻǽȥˣǵı¡֮ǽȥĻҲûʸˡ
Ķʵӣǲ뵽ֵķˣ
뵽ˣܼ򵥣ֱİӭǣңǿһ·
ǰ֪٤ɽ˵żＸӷ绹ûоԵİգڣӷ»ϲˣһĶ֣Ǵ½⼸꣬įˣ
ҪİӭӰ֣Ҫǰſһ·ʵ𣿺Ȼ˿ⶼǼʵ顣
ңҽ֡ˣȫš
˽֣ӷ絽
͹ӣȥǲ̫ðˣ
ǳɲںӷ˸ãԼӣ£Լ壬һһжˣѵպ󣬻ԽǳһֱڵȴŻᣡ
ģ˵İΪǿ·ģֻҪţ˳ڳͿԷȥˣǸʱ򣬻Դİһֲ٤ɽ˾벻һôһ֡
ķ˵޴ģǰĳӷ磬ԲΣӷȴˡ
ʱ֮󣬳ӷ磬ʣͬʱ˴֣ڸսֲʮӣٶȣ˹
ϴȥӡ
ӣΧûʶͻȻȻǵòɫġ
͹ӵˡϴȥӡ
͹ӵˣ
պ棬Գǳӷˣǰʵʲô֣
ҽʲôҪ飬Ҫӡǳƣϴȥ
óǵƣȻǼٵġ
˵ֵܣһѾˡ
ʲôãҪ¡ϸһҪȥֹӡ
ֵܣȲҪǶѾʱˣҪֹѾˣ
鷳ˡھӪ˭˵㣿
Ӹڣ˵ģңֵС㡣
Ǻã֪ͨˣ׼Ӳ֡
֡ڿʲôЦǺˣ
ǵȫ߳
㣬ǲҪ֮ڣİս
Ϊʲôѻ˵Уôǵƣ
ǳġ
˵ڳڸˣôܻ˹Ǽϸ¡
ס֡
Ķ˵ȷǹӵˡôˣ
С㣬ġ
Ҷ磬ǹǼҶذôְйˣ
Ϊ֪ڴ֮ڣһֻ˯ǧĹޣһڴڿսһὫֻ޾ѵġǿһֻϹʱĹޣ˵ħŮĳǿߣһֵסһսǹ޾ˣˣˡ
ʲô£
˵ôˣ˹ӸսȥãϽȥֹӰɡ
ǺãǴһˣ̽֡
Ǹǰ˶ʶɼȻĶʶӦòǼϸ
һȥ
Ķһ£ֿһƶǼϼһС㣬ȫ˴֣ǵֵδסǼϼһҪһ淢ʲô£ƶʲôĻһʱֹס
ǵ˵ͷҪľӸҪ
ǺãҾͲһȥˡԼҪСһ㣬ҵ֮˳֡
İɡڽ֡


1521 а
ʳ˴ִӱϿͨĴû̫𣬳ֲȽܼͨĴִһЩ֮⣬ԽֵԵԽ
ǳӷ磬ңֵʱоһΣΣĵΧĿǰδκε״
ڽִԼʱͻȻֹͣ˽Ų˵ôоڷѽûָо
еǿҲòųӷ磬˵ӣȷҲԽߣͶÿ߽һ̤˵Ԩ㣡
ţָоҲУû˵ģҪϢһ£
ء
ӷ绰δ꣬ͻȻΧһҵĽ˵Ұ޵ԭͻңԭأ˵Ķͷϣͬʱð亹
ұ־Ҫ࣬ҵҾͺаƵģˣȻһ£У³˰ĭֱӾ͵˵ϡ
ӷͬʱתΪ˶ʲôģŻᷢ飬ȴϣոյڵϣ°ĭңȻ
˿̵ң˫Ϊ˰ɫ촽ΪϺɫͷϸֳһȫƤҲʼӻƱڣϵĽ˳
ӣôˣ
ӷǰ˫ֱҹ˹ȥɲҪôֻǽȫѨȫ
ӷסȫѨңǳ˶ƵģԭأһҲ
аˣ
а
ǰѴӻ˵ˣ
ǵˡа֣־ҪǿаŲڶʱ֮壬ΧаӵǿңҲ̫áϽȫѨȫаʱ塣
á
ϥճӷ˵ȫѨȫ
Դ߻ͨˣȫѨһȫգǾ͵ڲȫѪˣǸûʲô𡣿ֻҪƵĺãʱյĵȫѨһʱ䣬ȫġ
ӣأ
ģǰа֮壬ССа޷κε˺
ӷʲôа֮ѽаԽ󣬸ĺôԽ󣡵£ǲҪȽϺãԼˣԼҲҪѽ
ʳ˴ڣȻӵǿаһЩ˵ֲǲܲôаģҲԻ˵ΪаŻᷱܳ˶˵ֲҲʳ˴ֵԴɡ
治֪Ƭֻδ֮ǰƬʲôطΪʲôôǿа
аԽԽǿʱӷ磬е㼤ˣҲ˵ģǳӷ籾ˣڳӷڳ˯ŵǼһʿ
ãȥǿаҪʿˣǸʱʲôˣ
ӷɲܿ鷢ΧаǲͣĳԼ߾ۼһŵĺɫŨӷ֮صΧȫΧסԼ֣Ѿָˣ
ء
ҵ֮ǰҪԽԽӷı۾ԼʶȥоΧһУ֣ΧȻ˴ĶңЩˣҲֲӲǶ
ʲôأ
ӷȻ۾һ̣һźֱӷ˹
ӷһˣϸһۣʲôȻӵ˵ͷȴһźγɵ壬һǸŮԣͷҲǺ˫ڵһΪɫϸͷͬʱһ
ǡ壬û˵òȴɺҲаγɵ壬ⲻֻʲô
а飡

ɣôù֮ڣȻаĴڣǵа͵а飬а͵а
˭͵˭ǣЩһЩôģ
аУֳһ˫˫ɫ۾ʮ˫˫ǧ˫ǧѽЩȫа飬ѾΪһȺѽ

оûϣû뵽ôа飬ѵİʱûǵãԼ̫ˣֻ˵ֵλøʱ㲻һ
ӷڲȥ̫࣬ǧа飬Ҫȫе㲻̫ʵԼһˣǶһȺǵĵ̣ʱ˺͵֮£㣬ͿԽԼ
ڣӷǲᱻаģͬʱҲǿа˯Լڵʿˡ
ӣҲֻˣ˵ȽЩһ
㿴ңȽЩһΧаɢȥ̴ȥһȫĵطֻҪϢųҾͿҵ㣬ȴܷų̫࣬ⱻо֡
ãӣҲҪСһ㣬Щһ￴ǰǵߣ׷Źġ


1522 Ȧ
ӷ罫еаȫĶԣд˸պҡ
Ҵôˣ
ԼŸ־ңǰȥʵĶעΧĶһʲôΣգҲܵһʱӦ
û뵽Ķ˽ǳõǾȻΥӵǲǲˣ
磬ȱ˵Щˡأ
̾˿֪ӷֶΣڴ֮ǰӷѾ˵˭Ļһɸɱû뵽ԼãһΥ˳ӷľǽڴŵģǼȴ˽
ģ˹ӽаϸҳȥȹӻ˭Ҳסǡ
磬·ͻȻҲû취Żܽġ
ʲôͻȻ
ǶϢ˵ڣһֻϹŹޡһҾİһὫֻϹŹ޸ѵģǸʱ򣬾׾ǵȴڣδֵܵס
˵ʲôϹŹޣ㲻ڿЦİɡ
ȻЦôϹҲܻ˾ĵġǱҵӣһӸİϣһᶯģǸʱ򣬾̫ˡ
˼һ£֪ԼĶ˵飬Բ⣬ڣһֻϹŹޣǿ½ǧδйĴѽû˼
ãȥҹӡ
ҷ˵Ƚϰȫ磬ȥҹӡ
СǶһ˶һǱҪڸİ֮ǰй˳ֵġ
ڿû취ˣϾ֪ӷܵʲôطȥˣûİϣЩаҲܴ󶯾ġ
Ǻã㱳ңǴӹȥ·ҹȥ
á
ӷһųǧа飬һֱֵȥһ·֮أȫĺţʹĳӷͲ֪Լʲôط
ԣӷʧȥ˷򣬷ֲˡ·ˣ
Ļ쵰⵽ʲôط
ûָ룬ûзе֮£Ҫ˻ص֮ǰλãǲ̫ܡ
ԭӷ绹ȥоϢʲôλãֵǣΧǳһƵģȫ˿ǳӷ޷ȥͻϣԼȥ
ҪȥϷȥѰֻϧ棬ȫïܵҶÿһƬҶϣһ죬еݣԷ
ӣӡʲôط
֮⣬Ѿ˹ͬʱҲǰĲԶһϣˣûһԿġ
磬Щʲô
аҾǱа壬Żӵġ޷ġ
ղ˵ӾǽЩģʵ
ûڿӦþЩа֮ڡȴһҲ޷ȥ
ʱǵ󣬴˽ŲԽŲǳࡣ
ãİҵطо̫࣬ƾǼˣ͵ֵס
ں󷽣ɵľӣһ֧ɫ׵ľӣ߳˹еʿȫֳֳìǵϣͿĨһ㷢ĶЩûĻӦǴµЩˮ
Χ˵ѹЩаûȥˣǵϣȻͿĨ˶ˮӣֻҪͿĨˮаͲˡ
֧İģİǵˣһȻ٤ɽˡ
٤ȻüıͣѾȦ׵СҲ׵ǣΪʲô֪µĶˮԱܿЩаģ
٤ɽЦˡ߳û֮أʮ֮ڣнҩⲢжҲ־ֵ֪飬ϾҲǵһֵġֻΪһЩؼĶѭ֮ȻͿǰ˽һЩ顣Щ£ЩҲ֪ģΪûκ׼½ֵģûʱȥκε׼ҵȦףҲе顣
ǽôǼĴ㣿
ȻЩаסͣҪƲ̫ܡǼһķӦǳ죬֮£Ųöã뵽ӦЩаİ취
Ǿأٽɱ
Ҳȥ
ڿЦɣȥǿаΪǿҵĵط֮ǰķеаȫǴ֮ɢģ棬һʲô󲻵ĶڣȻǲܲǿаġ
ν뻢ѨɵûӡҪײͣǾҪðաȻһһ˿ĻᣬͶնпõ벻ĺô
٤ɽˣôǳ˽ͣʶ˺ܾƵġһżˣôܶԶԷ˵˽⡣
Ȼ٤ɽʲô˵Ҳ˵ʶͣȻɵɳʵ׵ġ
ǺãȻˣǾͳȥɡ
ˣҡˣ˭ȥ˭


1523 ɱ
֧İӲûаԭ·أ٤ɽֲɵϣ᲻֪ȫΧİԼһϵûУαϰİǶԸǣԸӷ磬˫ܾ˵Ļ˵εļƻͬİǣǣһͬ£
İǱɵģƾ˽ак֧ûǼ٤ɽ˳ʱҲὫ֧Ӹģҽ£ƵӷϣʹİӢ¼ӷŭȥɱ
˿аΪӷ絣ģԸһֽȥӷһ˵Ƿֵܵסˡ
磬Ǳ鷳ȥ﹫ӡһһƲôһǳǿߣһˣӦġ
֪ڣǸͽȥѽ
ǾȽΧİЩСɫ޷ȥӡ
áˣΪһԣϰ˵İ
ɱ¾а֮ǼΪҪһ֧ϰ˵İɱ⣬ʲô£ϾЩʿΪȫֻ𾳽ˣûһʥ磬ǰҳʮˣԽ֧Ӹ
а飬ֻǼС°ˣΪҪģ档
ӷѾаƵһô֮£ӷ粻ɵԼȥסΪôаͬʱһӵż
Χ֦ٵ趯ΧͣĻӹȥܶʯһЩСٸӵ
һʳɣ
ӷ¶һҲ֪ʲôùˣȻǽӶôѲĶǧаѾ޷ȥӦˣֳһ÷·ͨʳңʳȻᶯģ͸ӷڲ񷶦ڵľԪ㡣
ӷһٵĹصһ̣ӷ˫ϵ˿֮µˮð
˵ˮǻͨƤģӷȻȥˮȴϣӷ粻ȥ٣ȻҲոջӵðˮϷֹ̾ͣ
£һζ㣬뾡һа취Ļƻĸ죬ΪҪģҵֹЩаôʳķ
٤ɽ˵߳û֮أʮ֮ڶнҩⲢ٤ɽԼģؼ䣬˵֮һֶɣ٤ɽ֪ӷ᲻
ٲȥˮӷʱ뵽ѵЩˮʳĿǣǿʳӵǿаôµˮа˵а飬ܲһ໥ˣҲ˵ʳ˴еһ
뵽㣬ӷһ̤أ֮µˮˮһССȪ㣬£ֱӳ
ӷһƷˮȫʳ˹ȥû뵽ˮһʳʳֹ̾ͣٲٻӶˣҲƶˡ
ͬʱеа飬ҲȫֹͣԳӷĽ˵а鲻ȥЩˮ
üһû뵽ˮá
ӷһϲЦԶһ
͹ӹȻôͱ㷢ˡ
Ӱֱͨа飬Ҳ˵еа飬ȫóһ·
٤ɽˣ䵽˳ӷʮ֮ˣӷԡ
ǣЩӦһƺ˵İɡŶӦ˵٤ɽƵİɣΪԱߵСӣû͡
ͣҲ̫˰ɣ֪ҵݣ
ݣڰǵʱѾ˵˰ɡ㵱ӣû𡣡
Ȼ֪˭˷ġһͷҲҪռѽ
˵⻰˵ľеˡûκε˷ڹرûӵĵˡ˵ĶԲѽ٤ɽˣ
٤ɽһЦ˵ȷˣôĵˣǳǿߣ㶼Ὣġɾô߰ôһѵΪĳϣ㻹ܵĻһ֮ɱһٶӵĻ֮£Ҷʵ˿ĻɡڣǳǿߣټЩа飬ΪӦ
ܲӦ֪֮
٤ϻôʲôնݳ


1524 ս
ӷΪˣǲ߳κεӲݣһˣǾͱ뽫ȫ
նݳʵӷΪֶǲģֻӷÿЩӲʱˣܷ񽫳ӷ춼֪飬ͦаյġ
һ٤ɽˣӷ粻̫һӺʹһ֮⣬Ϊ棬ӷһֶֻв
ͬΪͬһڰ𣬳ӷ綼а취Ը˶ӵ֮£һԳӷĿǰΪ˵һնûС
ƣע˳ɰܣʵϣҲҪǿԸһǳӷǿˡ
Χ壬Ϊη˵ðЩˮȫɢ˿ȥӷߣҲǳӷĿǰΨһĺôɡ
٤ɽѾڿ˼ƣȻҪ³ӷأǾͲ̫ˣóӷҵܣ
ӷ粻ܣǿҲܣܹһΣѾˣĻԼ棬磬Լļ壬ԼˣȫΣУԼĸףһδ֪ռ䣬ڵ棬ֻԼүүܶһˣҲ˶ãԣڵĳӷ粻ôΣܺһ
˵ǰĳӷΪĹϵϵĵصĻĳӷ磬ϵģ˵ֵӣ𵥵һ˵Ҫ
ǰûһ⾵棬УһĹǰγһ壬ȴŰֻ֣ͷֻţϣϣͷϣһľҲΪǿԴ֮һ
޻Ӱ
ûļһ֣ӷȻ˼ֻһϦħ
һԴߣһǿߣһϦħ̫ãӷҲóķȥ񷶦ҹ֮ǿ֮⣬κãȻˣԼΪʲôҪЩչڵ˵ǰء
ڳӷһ̣٤ɽˣһ仰Ҳû˵һʱ䣬˾룬Ҫȥӷ磬ӣӦҪ׼
νն졣
նνֻУħеĽϳӷеɱڳҪǿ
𻹴δ˹Ľһ϶·أڽ֮Ƶģ֮ҲȥӲ֪ӷ᲻ˣʲôһӲһӷһֶΣһֻΪֶ֮ӵģɾͳԿˡ
ڰǣӷɱǴ飬һսͬξ飬ŵģ㲻֪ӷ統ʱôͬʱξģȻ԰ΪͬĳǿߣֶϣȻСӡ
٤
٤ɽû뵽һȻԼһԶȥˣ
ৡ
顭
ڹ⽣䣬ڵϣһѺۣʹˮ֮˳
ӷһʱЩˮӷһҲ˵٤ɽߡ
ǲ֪дһ
˫ۿǰĳӷ磬ȴ٤ɽʵ
һ޷κε˺ȴԸһ

¡ûˣôưԴ½
˵ϲ
˼ҿɲϲˣ㻹ǸϽȥɱͰɡ
ͷղûǹ壬ڶûչûиĹ´ָ
ڣ˫ִһӡӡ֮䣬Ȼһԡ
ӷ綼еԾһȻа֮ڿǸ壬Ǵ½ϣȻҲʵ˼ѽ
ơ
󺰳һơ֣壬ֳΪĸˣĸˣͷƵģ˫ָ˫һȫƤڣûͷûбӣûͣеģһ˫䡣
ĸˣӷΧͬʱķӡͣĴţӡ֮İԣҲڲͣתš
ӷٴһ̤һϦħĽ⴦ͻȻһźɫ壬źɫ壬ǸһϦħΪһƵģܳӷĽָηǺɫ壬͸浽η
٤ɽ˲ɵЦһ˵Ȱðĸջ
ΪΣ
ͽ⴦ǸûУ
ʲô
ķ
ѵû𡣡
٤ɽҲ˵ȻûӷķǾȥɣǴô٤ɽҲԱ߶ţӷҪǲܵġ
˶Ըĸˣӷ绹ֻһϦħĻҲ̫ԲԼ˰ɡ
飬Ѿܾûùˣǰ淨УֻǸǼ׵ķҪһЩСɫ٣ڵ֮£飬ǿΪһԵķģҲ˵ǿ͵ķ
ųӷħһӣѾ˵ϣʱڵϻΪһ͵ĺɫ֩ĸ壬ȫԭء


1525 
ĸ屻ӷסһҲˡ
ӷ֪ǲֻܽģֻĳ˵ĸȴҪĿ֮£ܽӳ
ӷδӦ֮ͻһ˫ɫĳ򣬾ķɵٶȣ˹ȥ
ȹûзɾ㲻ҲҪѽ϶ԳӷĲ˽⣬Ͳ֪ӷʹʲôֶΣǳǿߣҪһ
٤ɽˣͷ·Ԥ֪㣬Ԥ֪˳ӷôڵһʱ䣬ӷйȫ˿ˡ
Ի治
ӷ簵̾һԼЩС͵ķ޷˿˺ģųӷΪϵû뵽٤ɽˣҲԵһʱܿⲻΪ٤ɽ˵ķӦһֳľ磬ǡ
ûȥ٤ɽˣΪ͵Ϯĵӷ磬ӷ罫еעȫϡ
Ȼ٤ɽˣ˵٤ɽ˲ʶӷĻҲˣȫʶˣΪʲôԶԷֶ˽⣬ڶԸδ֮ǰ֪ʲô
ԼߵˣԼˣֵܽãѣ˽ԼģֻԼĵˣ˽ԼΪҪ㣬Ҳ˽㣬㶼첻ˣǾûʸΪκ˵ĵˣӦעʧߣԶʧܣκηĻᡣ
٤ɽ͵ĵˣ㣬ԾԿ϶ң֮䣬һʶˡ
뵽⣬٤ɽ˵ݸû˿ʣǶڳӷٵͣˡ
ţѾ£ֻҪǸˣƶ֪͵ģʵΪ磬֮ǰЩ˵벻ѡ
ȫ£½Ҳ֪ͣһ˯ʮˣǰѹģȻˣ͸٤ɽ֮䣬ôܻȾʶˣȾͳΪ˵ˡ
ֲɵϣ㣬󲻵ڣҲǶʵʱ򣬲ǲ֮ͣԼԼ۶ǣǼĺ¡
ٵˣҲȲȥˣȫ˳ĸ壬һѿӣʹԶص˳ӷС
ӷ类ˣͬʱΧа飬Ҳ֪Ϊ̫󣬻ǳԭҵĽ֮ǰҪ
٤ɽȻתΧа飬еаȫԼӿ˹ͬˮް㣬޿ɵֵ
аˣϰˮͿĨϡ
һԼ··ϣвٵˮ˵Ща飬ӦǲԼ߿Ŷѽϳӷ֮ǰʹĵµˮ˳ΧγһССȪЩа͸Ӳܹˣ
ãЩˮѾˣ
ûȥӷ磬ոձջڣ˵٤ɽߡ
⵽ô£㲻˵ΪʲôЩа鲻¶ˮˡ
Ҳ֪ô£ûѽ

ӷЦһ˵һĵûףѧʲôˡСӣӸɣˮȷԿЩа飬ͬʱµˮҲаܶġ
ͣ˵ܱܲתĨǵģ֪ʲôϽ˵ЩаһǶû
ϻôã͵ˣбҪĴתҪ֪а飬ˮ˵ǴڵһʳȫаģԼ룬аǴģ
ѽڵһУ˵ڣаģôаǴģ
£
û¡ֵĵ£йŹ֡
ж
¡¡
٤ɽ˻䣬ͻȻƬ֣ȫϣһ͹
ʲô
ϻǲҲٴĻ㱾ӳȥҲҪ汳
ͣٷϻˣĸðա٤˳ƬĴ֣ǣһϸ¡
ҪߣѾ̫ˡ
ڣǳӷ֮أĵطڵϣѿѺۣѺ֮ڣð˱֮ǰǿаеа飬ҲʱϵĽаڣǵ׳


1526 צ
ڳӷλõ֮أϵһǿƵģ弴Ҫֵ𶯣ɵЩѺۣĳӷ˲òǳǿߣԴ˵̫⣡
⵽׷ʲô£
֮أֻǸطѾһСͬʱСΧʮѺۣˮȫЩѺУϵС֮ڡ
һ棬еаҲȫСڳȥСӵһǿ㣬ڵаȫ
ǧа飬СϷ˼ܣȴûжԳӷ磬˽йҲǱʲôӦƵģһһģС·ȥ
ԭһƬڰ֮أеааС󣬽ӷҲΧһС
ʳ˻ʳΧеĻľͳͳٵĿήȥ
ʱ֮䣬Ƭ֣ʧȥһеҲκεĻˣЩ˵ҰޣȫãеҲȫΪ˽ɫϵΪɳµˮͣĳСǱ߾ۼ
ܿ죬ǸС˿ԽԽԽԽֱӾŵʮƽ
ˣڴطİڼһͻȫһ㶣漴ȫˮȥĵطȥ
ãǹӸ˴ĹϵѾǹ޾ˡ
ô̵ʱڣô޴ı仯˵ʳħ֮⣬벻ᷢʲô顣
ϹȥһΣա
ڴ֮⣬ǣ֧ǰƬֵı仯Ҳȫɵۡ
ôƬֶѾλƬشǧˣδκεĶΪʲôղŻڣƬ֣Ѿ
ǰĻǴ𣿻һƬȴ𣿲κεɫҲκεĺɫһƬɳĮֻƬɳĮУήĿˣ
˵ڣллǳ֮⣬ֻ֮ǰӷ˴ӺץЩʳˡ
һǷʲô¡ȫɱȥ
š
ƶֹ

͹Ӳǽκˣܽ𡣼Ȼ͹аգõоɱһͨǵ·Щֵģֺαȥء
νɽȻǳӷ´ľǲ˭Ҫӡ
᲻֪ڲƼˣǼڵſϷ˵ӷûӴڳĻǹİҲûô˵飬ԲΪģһǳʲô벻
ֻҪӷİȫڴڣƶǣͿûԭǵһУƶЩϺ˵ܻȸˣͬİǣô˵˫ٴһܽΣƶǣǼ¡
ڿɹܲô࣬ǿдӽʱһ룬һ֧ӶˣǰǱ߸ô죬ƶǣֻЩʲô
˵ˣӷͣǻ֪ģһ£һԼȫ֣ͿܸǱߴΣ
֮£ҲֻһˣӷܲܳʵڲеĻΨһѡģǴȫȷذȥɲҪûİûסԼǶˣԼɾͳΪɥ֮Ȯʲôˣ
ӷ˿µСӦ˵Ǵˡ
ڣһеаµˮڣѾȫǶڣӱϿˮӷоڶڣǲˮ֮ǰӵǿ֮ǰҪǿ
һЩаˮǶǿ
٤ɽ˰Ѻߣǲߡ˵ʵ٤ɽ˻𣬶뿴Ƕµ壬Ǹʲô
ӷҲһûſطʲô¡
˿̣ˣȫ˹ӷȫڰ֮Уӡ
Сģ
ӷȻһֻǶڣˮ֮ڣͻȻһֻ޴צӡ
һֻɫצӣָָָֻޱȣֻצϣȫǺɫƬɢڹ⣬ǱȾ껹ҪӲ
ֻ޴צӣԽ½ӴħһѸץסֱӾͳպ˹ȥ
һһֻ˾޴צӳԼһš
ڳӷ練Ӧ죬һǰһֽ˿ǰС֣顭һ޴צӣӷС޴צģȻһ֮󣬾ͽӷСɢˡ


1527 ʳħ
޴צһûɹûоʹ˷צЩɫƬʱͬһѰѷĵ㣬ϵ쿪צγ˳ǧ
ӷΪƿֱӾͳΪצӵҪĿ꣡
צӺǲģצֱӷ磬ӷȥоǳ˰׾ǵȵ϶Ʒ硣
û뵽Ǵ½ϣԴûƷģһֻ޵צӣȴƷľ磬Ҳ̫˵ɡ
ӣһֻϹŹޣڴ½гǿ֮ϣǧҪСѽ
ӷѽ˵˭֪ⶫǿ˵ǲ̫˵㡣
˵ͬʱӷڣѾѪ˳ѪɫĹâųӷ硣ΧüѪ⣬ͣӷ߳
սף
鱦ΪĺüλѪ⣬ͣĳųӷ硣
ӷѪǿǿ󵽴̼ڳÿһ˵۾ȴһˣڴ˿̿ĵӷϷʲô仯
֮ǰС棬޵צһƣ⻹һֻצӰˣĹ޳֣ǽɶ˺㣬ӷ֪ڳˣȫ֪
ս׺ȻĴϣѪϻİǽڽںˣڣ٤ɽ˶ɵӣ֪ƾӷһ˵ϳӷӵеЩƣܽϹŹ޸ڴ˵֮£Ҫģ˵
֮䣬ͬĵˣĵˣͿʱԵĳΪսѣʲô磬ŵģ˵
˭ܣΥߣɱ
İʿǰһӣγһ⣬ֻʿͷȫ뿪ǵ塣
̫ͣǿ㲻ĻǽҪ֡
ѽ㣬ӷû뵽
ڸղţ쵰ҪڿҪɱңָһףһھʹӦԵ̫
ǵģҴҵģɡ˭뿪ط˭ı¡֮ҲǣҲҡȻȰⶫǸˡ
ӷ󺰵˶ĺİУڵĳӷ磬ǹʲô
٤ɽǲҰ׵ɫӷˬѽҪ뿪һҪ㶨ģڸ㶨޵ͬʱһڳеİҲûùӳԡ
٤ɽ˵ͣڲµʱһģǵǵǵܻ뿪ֻ֣Ļᡣ
ССBOSSѵһ˲ɡ
䣬ӷһû񣬾צֱ˳ӷؿڡ
սɢǿҵĻ⣬ͬʱӷڵѪ⣬ҲΧһǿҵıըϣըһĴӡ
ս׻壬һ֮£ӷ粢ûܵκε˺ըĴУֳ˺üֻ޴צӣͬʱΧʮ֮ڵȫצӵǰһ޴ͷ֮Ȼ
ͷһڹͷͷ£ֳ˹޵壬Ȼǰ壬ֻǱȰҪ˵㲿λ֮ǰֵЩצӡ
ֻ޵ʮӴ󣬸һֱ֣Ӿռ˴ֵ֮һһʮֻצӣΧĴţʹİǵʿȫھצ֮¡
ʲô
ӷ˿˵ǿĻôһڹͷôֻצӣ˵ħ޵Ļܳ׾ãǴ½ϵϹŹޣҲ̫˵ɣڵ磬ɴδֹȹֶѽ
ڴ֮İǵˣڵĹ޳֣ȫסˣû˸˵ڳȥɱֻޣȥĺ
ǿѹסƬ֣֮У·½ƣȫ߾ۼ˹Ƿ棬ܿߵǺ֣Ͼ޵ʵ̫ˡ
ӷ粻֪˵٤ɽߣվͬһλϣӷ˫ȭգƿȭģǵȼԼھ٤ɽҲ̫˰ɡ
ʲô֮ģȫϡ
ӷֶൽ
ˣ
Ѿ٤ɽ˸ˣǰֻϹŹޣĵˡ
ʳħ
ɫӲ԰ױΪ֣࣬óӷ翴
ʲôħ
Ǵ˵еʳħϹΪǿĹ֮һֹޣϹ֮սУѾΪʲôһֻ
Ϲ֮ս
ӷȻһʵ֪Ϲ
û飬Ҳûʱشӷ⣬˵ͣףǵĶҪӲӣֻΪˡ
Ϊ
ӷѽ㵱ϷBOSSˣҪT˵ҲûԼս֮⣬Щܿס޵Ĵѽ
˵BOSSǻᱬöأϷǲ֪ޣ᲻ᱬʲôö
ӷ֣̼ʧ˫Χһɨ׼ű
һű˵ЦɣԼıѽ棬ڳģֻİǵʿѽ
˵Ļû𣿡
ӣңûѽ
𣬱סİǵıһ¡
ãȥá
٤ɽһ֣İţǲģȫ͵ָӡ
ȷûģŶ˼ѽһ㣬ҲԶһƬڰʲô֪ҪǿĶɡ
ȫҷΪ˷վΧһȦɢҪϵ̫򣬹һҪɱһƬǼڹ޵ǰΪĵλá
ǣӡ
٤˷ȥ
ȥʲô
ҳⶫ㣡ѵ㻹ӲƴɣֻҪҳ㣬ܽɱ


1528 ּս
ʳħʱǧ׵ĸ߶ȣӷЩǰͬϰ㣬һֻצӣһֻŲͿԽʮ˲ȱ⡣
˿µĹޣžǰ½еĳǿȫҲ޷ġ
ڣӷһŽ벻漣漣Ȼʱʱ̶ֵ̿ģһõ쵼ˣͻ᲻һ
ղըĿڣðһɫЩȻаЩаȻҲǴʳħڲġ
ӷ粻̫аѹƲסǳ˯ʿڶܿаͬʱҪӦһֻ˴Ĺޣʵ൱س
ˣ׼ֻޡ
ųӷһ£Χˣȫɢ˿ڴİûгӷҲǽֺðİȫڴڣֻҪܽʳħʳħͬʱİҲ߽ˣǸʱ򣬳ӷ֮ǰ˵ļƻɿճУԴŰֱǣ·ϸ;İˣ
ʳħһʹ֣ȫ
ͬʱЩڣȻһֻֻɫСצӣһֻֻСһһģӿ˳
û´ĻЩСӦþЩаģȫΪʳħĲ£Ҳ˵ӷڲҪʳħҪӦЩС֮䣬ܳκεĲڳˣԼڣû
Ķ
ӣڡ
׼ʱЩС̫Ѳ֮ЩСȫ˯סҪǵҡ
Ķ˵ͷѾ
Ͽպͣٶܲܿ㣬֣ôⶫ㡣
Ǳضģӷ粻֣ʳħҲŹЩѵˡ
ӷҪǵ㣬ʳħͬʱ٤ɽˣҲùɲܾʲô㣬Ļӷ绹ʳħһ̣٤ɽͻȻ͵ϮԼ飬һԸɵĳ
Ҳս׵ĳӷ磬УðһǿҵĻ棬ⲻǳҵڶ汦顣
սףҲֻܻסӷ壬޷ӳǿԽ϶ΪһĻЧͲһˡ
οȫˣ
ӷǰܽ϶ΪһڣҲǰ첻ġӷ벻취ˣ񷶦ϺԪҲҪʩչƿȭʳħĴۣʵ̫ˡʱ򣬽϶ΪһĻ㲻ƿȭ񷶦ӦþͿʳħˡ
Ϊ˱ӷҲ˵ڶ׼֮Ѹ֮ɣʱ׼ʵڲУҲֻǵƾˣ
ѳӷƵϣɼʳħǿ󣬶޷ȥˡ
ʳħǶʮֻצӣͬһʱ䣬ȫӷ繥ǽ쳤ģͺñȰѳӷ϶Ϊ˵һɱ㡣
ӷ粢֪ʳħԼʵΪڳԼǿѪֱӾסʳħ⣬һֳް㣬ȫ˳ӷϡ
ӷʩչڻǸʳħ濪սʱҪҵõλãʳħ޷ȫֻһζļڳӷһ֮
ǰԶһ޴ʯΪ˳ӷָ㣬ӷԱ绹ҪϺüٶȣ嵽ʯǰʳħٶҲ죬գ֮䣬Ѿ׷ʳħ
˱Σȫʳħ֮
ȫں棬ǰעҪģǰĹȫҷӳʲôԴͳͳⶫҡ
֮࣬ӷҲѾӳ˱Ⱥ˶ҪǿϺüѪ⣬ȫʳħͷϡ
ȹͺñǼȥʯͷʳħ޷˿˺ͬģȻӷĹ޷ʳħ˺ô˵һ𣬶κεãҲʳħȥǵĹ
Уʵڸʲô㹥ëöûСǿϹʳħѽ
٤ɽ˵õġֻһˣѹ޵עȫһ˵ϣķҪã޾ͻϤ͵Ĺ㹥̫СûãֻԵĶһϤһָоͺȥϤĸоǸʱĹлԹ˺
˿δ˵ۣȻӷˣ٤ɽҲ˵ӷûʲô⣬Ҳö˵ʲô
ΧСȫʳħ߼˹ӷ纰Ķڣų֮
ǣӡ
Ķ֮ǿԷֶŵģûΧ֮ڵˣǲܵκӰġ
֮һеСǱƵģδȫʳħѾһҲˡ
ϰЩСȫ
ǣӡ
ĴӣͣĳһȥٿԽֻС
ͲͬˣǸɱ֣ǿģںڰ֮ȡҲ˵ֻһֻֻɱ޷һȥüֻ
һ㣬֮ǰȫ˯סСȻĶĿƣٶ
Сãڸ
磬ǵĹ̫ǿˣѹƲ
ǱУȥ޵Сȫ
ӷ罫СԽԽ࣬ȥǸΪģֻǲЩС̫ʳħеСһʳħָӣȫӷһ˽ģ


1529 
еСȫӷ˹ӣС˻̫ˣСԴԴϴӿӿȥƲʳħ񱩳ЩС԰ȫˡ
û취ӷ粻ȥָ쵰ӲָİʿҪԼѽ
֮С
֮һʩչӷͷʹˡ
ģʲôطиշû뵽ΧγɵķУȫЩήϣһÿõȫˣʳħߣҲͽɵֻСѣ̶ȣӷ綼֪ҪʩչõķУܽӿСͳͳɱ
ʱ䣬Ͳݳӷ룬ʳħǹѾ˿һźɫĻ棬ӷ硣
ڳӷսףôǿĻ棬սǰ𲻵˿á
ɶԳӷ޷˺ⲢҲѽ
ɫĻǹ죬һΧγһĲƣЩֱɢȥھǵʱȻϲһıը
ǼǶסģССıըûиǴ̫˺Щİǵʿȴըһ롣
СҲʱһ֣ſ˳ǵӾͨļ׳㣬ʱȫϿе٤ɽ˳˹ȥ
ʳħҲоΧƵģǹͷȻһ̧һźɫĻ棬٤ɽ˹ȥ
쵰˭ģ
ӷһ󺰼˴٤ɽ˸ûļӦ֮ǰֻ׼һֽʳħ֮ɱӷ硣
û뵽һֱӽʳħע˹ȥ
ã
٤ɽһ̼䣬ԶԶģ·ÿΣտʱ٤ɽ˶֪֮Ҳ֪£ǹⲻһȥЩΣա
ôȻ϶ģͲ٤ɽˡ
СС˵ʵʳħ֮һڻ֮䣬Сȫɱˡ
ǿߵҲʱȫ˳
ͣķ𲻵κõġڿʼģҸҵġ˭лĻ˭
⻰˵ĺˣӷʳħֻ뿿ԼԼͶʳħ٣ҵᣬɱ˳ӷ磬ߣӷɱ
ܺãȻҪҲû취
ӷ罫汦ϷһھͿˣǧҪʧ
汦ڱӷʱӷ̽Ѫҹս֮ڣʹսףɢ˸ǿҵѪ⡣
ڱӷϿյ汦飬ͣ˰УһҲͺûнӵʲôָƵģҪͲ̫ܡ
ӷȻᵥ֮ǰҲѾ˵ڶ׼
֮ѣ֮ɣͬʱ˳ӷߣӷ罫֮һ֮ǰ˹֣һ׹⹭ϣһ֧׹
Ҳ֪ܷ֮ӳӷԲǾ춯صģ˵̼ʳħҲҪһɡ
һӷ粢ûʳħǳ˹ȥ
Ȼ׼ģȻһСģʳħ˫гһ׹⣬׹ԼЦһ˵ͣϵһס

㿪˳ӷһ벻ӷԼ벻ƫ˵İ׹ȻԶַ˻
оһӴҲڳԼʶģɵʳħͷһӻ治һĴ󣬸վʳħͷϹʱڣҲû˰ɡ
һһֱҲһγӷһԼȴͷʧˣʧӰ١
Ԫ
һȻԪóӷһԪܣ
ıأ
ӷȻһ㶣еİ֮һһΪҲʧˡ
͵Ϯҡ
ৡ
֪ʲôʱ˳ӷ󣬳ӷ֮
¡
һС͵Ļɽڣڳӷ֮ǰڵλãҲʱ͵ϮӷģȴϣԼ͵ϮģȻһɽڣɽڣǿҽ
٤ɽ˲ͼįӷˣ˵˾Ȼʳħڴ˿̣ӷ˹ȥǴʳħ³ȥġ
٤ɽ˵Ϊ˵ûʲôֱ𣬵ͷ˵Ȼȥġ
ǰһĻ㶵ǵڸʲôѽ
ĶǰӣȶԸֻѽǡ
ӷҲȥ٤ɽѽȴǲԼš
ʳħһ޴ӷ֮ѣ٤ɽ˸ճ֮һ٤ɽ˹ȥ
٤ɽǾ㲻ӷһģϣȴЦ
֮Ѹһ٤ɽˣһȻͻȻȥڵλ˵˵λãһˣֱӾ͵ʳħ£ȻȻģӷ֮ѣʳħǰצϣ
С涼ֵסľצȻ֮ѣһˡ
໡
ʳħһ޴Ľƺʹ࣬ӷҲʱ򺰵ûᣬȫ֡
ȶ֣٤ɽˣһһңȫʳħǶצԱߣһ𷢳һӷϵ˿ڴ˹ȥ
ôõ顣
ͣ㻹治һıɣȻң
ͻȻĻǼסˡ
ʲô˼ʲô
ԭӷղ˵С٤ɽģ͵ϮԼȴһʳħһڣӷʳħһֻצӣҲԴʳħ˿ڴ֣Ҫʳħû뵽ӷھȻʳħˣһǰڹһΧȻۼһɫ壬壬аǺڰԪء
٤ɽˣлĺڰԪأӾͲˡҹ


1530 ս
٤ɽ˻ǸڰԴߣӷպþͽĺڰԪأҹڹҹͿˡ
¡һڳӷͷһɫӡ£ɫӡ£٤ɽ˵ϵչ
٤ɽǰһվҪǿߵʵѰҹ赲ȴ벻ҹڸոһʱͷ·һڰԪĹԪȫţ͵ֵסҹֱӾͱһȥˡ
ƾϵһΪҲҸҰҹ⡣˵һﻹǲ֪ߵغѽ
ӷЦһھͺҪһһ֮ˣټһʳħԿƵģû߷
ʲôȻӵ˾޴
𻹴δŹӷȷһӡ£Ȼ߱˱Լǿüңյ٤ɽ˵
˵٤ɽ˵ȫ˹ȥҲܵȵֺѽ⵽ôһ¡
Сĵ㣬ǶֵܵסġòҪӲϾһĺܶණδŵġ
٤ɽ֮ǰѾ˵ӷµģʵŪʵĻǴ½ϣ˶Խӷ֮ءɵһ˲õĶԳԽʵĴ˿ǿĵ˿ȥ
ڵˣںҲˣ˾Ǵ½ˣδı䡣
٤ɽ˵Ļ֮ǰе㻳ɵģɵԼ֮ѵҪȥʲô
ȥӷӲռ˿ĺôȻˣǾʳħȥԸӷɣˣһͷڹ꣬׼ʱˣԺҳӷ籨һ֮
ôǲˣڣ͸ûˡ
ҹͺ㹻˵ܻӵкӾްҹһ룬ͿԺǿˣϳӷ֮ѣа֮ɣһսףδϵ汦顣
ʳħϹŹޣɣӽô㡣
ӷҪ֣ͻأʳħʼаȫƬ֣пήһ롣
ǶʮֻצӣȻϳֻı֮ǰһڹͷһħͷȫļ˫Ųͣڵ̤ţǿҵĵķԲ֮ڣȫ˵Ѻۡ
ʳħ񱩵һ𣬳ӷߣûվסţÿһˣеĴҲͲסˣһʳħ˹ȥ
磬嶯
Ķһӷ͵һļһҲ̫嶯˰ɣʳħûʱ㶼ֵסһڶѾ㻹ȥⲻ

ǣӡ
ʩչɱ߱Ǳˣʧԭء
һӸҪϣʳħһͽȫĽһ롣
ۡ
һѪˣȥ
ڣʱ򣬳˫ץסʲôܣֱӳڵλӷȥ
ˣȫ˳֡
ǣӡ
ʳħΪµʱ˭֪ԼΪ˵ȥʳħһˣԻңһҪԼϵ顣
٤ɽ໥һۣȻӷ˶Ѿˣɵ𣬴ʱߣʱ
ͣˣ·ɱֻʳħ֮黹û꣬ҵš
ܣҪµ㶫ɡ
֮һ٤ɽˣһӷԿеʳħȻԼһһһǾǳǿߣܡ
Ļ쵰ܾ٤ߣҵһ
٤ɽ˵˵ͷзɳ֣ĻȥЩİʿ
֮ǰһ㿪˰֮ɣҲ֪֮ɻ᷵Լģɴڴ˼Ȧ٤ɽ֮ǰķİ֮ʳħϣԼж졣
˶˳ֺ󣬾ֻʣ³ӷһʳħԿˣǿеʳħӷ
ˣǾͿһ˵ˡҹ֮ѣ֮ɡ
һͬʱʳħ˹ȥǿȫʳħȫʳħ񱩳Ȼ˿⡣
Ҳ̫˰ɣһȻǿ˵ľ磬ΪԼõĻǱ˵ɱػҪư棬ʲô¡
ֲܷ飬Ҳֻѣӷ֪ʳħǲΪԼõģҪ뾡һа취
飬飬顣
УǺ֮ڣɫ׵磬ʳħȴûʳħ˿˺Ǹʳħʳħڲǿ
ӷӳ֮ںɫ׵ʳħʱ෴ڼӷĽвڿٵģһĹˣԼ·һ
УȥԼҲûػˣֱӾͶ
ܣӷ粻ᣬҲܲˣƾܵĺǣʳħһ·׷ɱġ
ҹһеص˳ӷǰʧصӷڡ
ͬʱ֮Ѹ֮ɣҲص˳ӷʧˡ
һǰľ
ӷֽ֮࣬ŴңҲʶģѪȫ˫ȭգƿȭļƣѾڿ
ʩչƿȭѾ̫ˣʳħֱһצӷ˹
ӷʱ֮£һ⣬ǰһ޴Ľ𶦣ʳħһצֵ໥֮ײ˾춯ص
񷶦ӷһν񷶦˳ʵ壬Ǽ
Ļ쵰Ȼĵƶˣӣֻվˡ


1531 ֣ʿ
񷶦һʣͬһҫ۵ǣڴﵽһĸ߶ʱһڹ⣬ڹ⻺ɢȥڴڣڴ֮⣬ֻҪϹӣܿһ۵ļһƯ֮С
ǸѾ˳˴ֵĶˣ٤ɽټǱߣȫ˴Ͽֵĺˡ
ػߡ
۾ٴμػߵĳ֣ǳ֮졣
ҲǲĴػߣ٣һߵĿ¡
뿪˵أİȥ
٤ɽ˲֪ʲôطֻ뿪֮ǰƻҪɱӷ磬ҲѾ䵭
һߣǣ͵ˡ
õģǣҲһʱ̵顣ϰǱѾճˣˣԳǻǣ͸ͣתǹͷȥǡ
٤ɽ⻰˵ҲûķǾԿеģֻҪҴѩɽͿԶڵİǡ
Ȳ٤ɽڴʲôע⣬ӷߣҪ콫ʳħġ
͸ٻϺԪ񣬾ͺñȸͻһ·㣬һΪ·

ʹһɱ㣬ʳħǰȴû֡
ӷû´֮ǰǲҶģΪʳħעȫڳӷһ˵ϡ
֣
ųӷһ£ѾˣǿԪֱʳħļϣըһ
ɫѪҺʳħҲһ˾޴ʹࡣ
ʳħϾϹŹޣֱ϶죬ԺԪһԲԽ
ӷҪһʳħʱϣǰĲ񷶦ڣȻһ⣬ĵط֮ǰĵطһ
ӷ羪ĸоһӴˡ
񷶦ڣϵţŴԪѾһڣӷȻָо˵ڶԪ
ô£
ѵǵڶԪ񣬿ԸһԪͬʱʹ
ӷ粻Ҫ룬ΪڶԪѾ˲񷶦
Ȼӷϣг֮⣬ٳһۣǺ۽ֻһڹӰˣ߱ڵǺҪǿһ
ڶ۴г˳ӷ磬˿̵ĳӷȻ˲񷶦Ϊֻڲ񷶦ڣſԪ񽻻
ӷ粢֪ǣ񷶦ͬʱ汦飬Ҳŷ˽ȥ
ʳħӷ˲񷶦Դ󷢣ֻвͣĳ񷶦ĴȥһĴΧеаȻҲ񷶦˽ȥڲ񷶦֮ԴˣŵڶԪһԪͬʱ֣񷶦Ȼʳħаʼˡ
⵽ôһ£
񷶦ֻ֮ԴΪʲôڣаʼˡ
Ѿ˲񷶦ڵĳӷԪѾϣͬʱڶԪ񣬽˳ӷڣָоȴóӷܲܡ

ô
ӷһӵѽڶԪΪȫаѽа͸ʳħаһģʳħЩа֮¡
УԪ񽻻Ҳζţǿаڣ˯ԼڵʿԾͲܿˡ
ҪڶԪѾ̫ˡ
ӷԪ񣬳˵ڶԪλϣĺԪѾӷںΪһ塣
ʯ˵ڲ񷶦ڽѣΧŲ񷶦ڲͣţһ޴
ӷ˫ȭգϵƤʼήԼٶڿήһ˫ϵƤ⣬ȫʧʣµģֻãΪһűʳħҪֲӣһΪޣһΪãһ˫޴ĳѾӶ
񷶦ʱΪһƬڰǺڰƻǱӡڣǵɫҲ˱仯
飬飬顣
𣬷ڲ񷶦ڣ˾졣
ڰ·Ӳ񷶦ȥѾһĴ֣ʱΪһƬ֮أڴ֮⣬ǣиոճĶˣȫ񱻶Ƶġ
磬Ҳڴ˿̣˷츲صı仯
ڵתۣʱ䣬ֹͬͣһ㣬磬˵İ
㣬ⷢʲô£
ħ֮ڣŴħȫ˰׾ס֮ء
׾ôžŴħٳһɽңԶʣˣǻƵġ
ɣôСӣʲô£
㣬˵ģͰɣ
֮⣬˭ôĶӦòˣӦþһΪǿΪаĴ˵ʿ
ʿ
ѽôĶ½ʿ֮⣬˭ܸĳ


1532 
½춯أƱɫʿѣ־硣
ȰѾͷ΢תһ£ص㡭
˵һƬƽԭȫƽԭΪﻹС͵ɽɳ𣬻ָʲôģ
˵һطһɫĻ򣬾ǳȻɫģһļΪһƬȻɫΪ׵ξټ壬ͽƬƽԭλãҲǺĵشһǳǳأǱݵĵط
ǳأξһͨ첻˵ռݵҲʮ֮Ϊǧ㣬ÿһٶϰ׵ĸ߶ȣÿһϣסŲͬˣΪͨ
ξټ壬ͽͨ㣡
죬ξټûڼ֮ڣ壬ǿߣȫûͨЩˣۼͨԱһƬ֮⡣
󣬲ǺɫģǳȻɫģ֮ڣðһȻɫݣݱԿһСߣţֻҪһСģ֮ڣ㲻ûҲᱻЩСԵġ
ȫλǰʮ֮أȴһˣԽ벽ξټμ壬ξ֮⣬κһˣԽǾɱ⣬ΪƬ֮󣬾Ľأֻξټļ壬һҪ쵼ˣܽģˣûǸʸ
ȫۼһģǰʱ䣬ңЩˣҲûмϵأ治֪򵽵׷ʲô£еξټĴ£ȫ˽֮⡣
ӣˡ
ʵξټˣ󵽴ģһм͵ߣǲˬĶξ˵
λʵڲ˼Ϊе飬Ե˵ʱ䡣
ûϵȫܹҲûʲôˡ
һ˱ȼǸӲˬ
ξټһ壬ֽ֮ǰҸƽξɹξټ֮⣬ֻʱһ죬ͿԳΪˡ
ڣ壬ǿ߶ۼͬһطǿ϶Ƿ飬ξټƶߣȴ󵽵ģЩͶξļһ¸
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λҿһǱ׵ģ׷ʲô£
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Ҫ֪ǿߣȫ˵ûһǳǿߣʥ۷ǿҲѽôǿ߾ۼͬһطÿһ˵ϣôأʲôˣǴ˵ģôǿߣǷ½ҲҲѽǼҲͻȻܵģ
ȻǴˣΪʲôֲɱˣ
ξ֪£һ򵥡
λ˭ܸң׷ʲô£
ӣġ
һŮվǿӣŮ˶ξټ壬Ƿǳĵġ
˰ɣ
ǵģӡ
ξٱ뿪֮ǰѾξξҲ֪ЩУЩţЩҪ㣬У壬ǶξټΪĵһ壬Ҳ˵ξټһ׼壬һ֧
˵˵׷ʲô£ҿҲˣǲԼ˴Լˣ
ξΨһ뵽ľĽˣЩ֮ԭͲô໥֮俪ҲǾе顣
ӣˡǲûԼ˴ԼˣǱ˴ġ
˴ģ
Цɡ
˭ܵѽ
ˣǾ¥ħ塣
Ӧöǡ
ǾǣǾͲǣʲôӦòѽ˵ˣ˾¥֮⣬Ҳֻħ壬Ÿܵ£֮⣬ųУûһңǾųϣſԸо
ӣġʱ֮ǰһߴ򣬲ֱӾ˽֮⣬Ҫأȴؽص˸סˡǿؽصˣȴֹ˶Էڣ˸պþˣǾ͸ԷʹߵĶԽԽ󣬸Ҳ½ϹҪֹˣ
Ȼ˶ˡɲҪңѾȥˣ
ʱûСԷ˵ʱʱ䣬ǿΪǲɱ䣬ӲǶ֡
ʱʲô˼򡣡
Ǻ˵ҪʲôģֻҪҵǾ뿪ΪС
ȻˣܵĽҶҲ̫˰ɡ
ξһ£Ȼô˶Ը˵ģǾǳǿѽɼȻ¥ħǣֻʲôء
Էжˣ
ʮ
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Ů˵꣬ͻȻһ紵˹ΧеһУеЩС䣬˳
ظ£֮ɡ
һۺͬףƬ
ξ´󾪲ԣʵ̫ˣ
ǿߣ


1533 
ξ˶ɵۣЩˣȴֻηˣûиξͬĳԾ֪ǣȫѾʶЩߵʵ
ʮ
ʮˣͽеǿ߸ŵʮˣҪӵкεȵΪС
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Ȳ˵ʮ˵Ĵ֣½ϣûŹ۵ģÿһ˶ͷĶֳ˼ݵأ
ʮ˵ʷǷһ֪Ǽ򵥵ĽɫǵĳҲǸ߹ģڳˣȴδŹЩڴ½ϵĴڡ
磬ʲôʱ˷ˣǿߣôֵǮһ¾ͳʮҲֲ̫˰ɡ

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ξ֮ǰоֳڴ˿̣ѾʧˣʧӰ٣·ǰʮˣͲǳǿһ
⵽ô£
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һг֮⣬˵Ĳ˼顣
ξģȰѻΪ֪һ㽫ȫһ𣬶ռԷ˿ˡ
֪λΪ£
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ǡ϶죬ľ硣
ξץһ亹
ӵѽղǴͷӽŮʮãҲ˵ŮӣСһȴŵΪŸ˵ΪŮ֮ˡ
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š
ξȥŮҲûгξڵ΢ֹͣ
λǰ뵽ҽȥʲôĻֱӸ˵ڽҪĶⶫֲҪĻһǿ͸λǰġ
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Ӳ᣿
Ӳ
Ҳʵڵģʲô᲻ģȻ˵ĿѾ˵ˣǲǾ
ξҲеˣǿƵģûôǿƵģ㵱ǳˡ
ҪȫǳǿߣҲǳصġ
ڿƣ׼ӭս
ʮصĳǿߣȫվһţ˫ҪʱͻȻеһǿֲֿƣңԶʴأ·ֲסˣ˵ģȫһηУеֲȫеĶȫܡ
磬ǡ
ͷ˴󾪲ԣ˵ѷرܣǡƣ
ѵǵµˣˣ
ȲҵˣҲǵµ
ʮȥξˣ֪ʲô£
ӣ׷ʲô£Ϊʲôͻ󣿡
֪һǳ˴£ˣϻȥֻؽؿߣɳȥһ£Ϊʲô˿ֲ


1534 
񷶦ȫڸͲκˣԽְ벽ǳǿߣҲǽȥģڴڣʳħ֮⣬һеȫѾϵΧĿ״̬ʹĴԵıʳħʱҪֲ
޴ͨʳħԿ񱩳ڣѾ˾޴˺벻ǣͳ˺ƬֱС׼ס
񷶦ڣɢϢֱʳħʳħҲֻ˾СӰ㣬޴壬浹ȥ
¡¡
׵ʳħҪ֮ȫΪ飬ǣǸİأҲܵӰ죬ϣѺۡ
ѾԶֵ٤ɽˣȫֹͣУһɽۣ֮ŴǱѺֲۣϢ˵ɫǴӲ԰׵࣬٤ɽˣǼһĩյķƵģͿʼˡ
еƣڵ׵磬ʳħʱҪǿǧ򱶣½Ƹ׵š
ʲô£Ϊʲô־Ÿµĸо
Ҳʱʼ
ܣ
٤ɽȥȴסˣʵ٤ǲ֪ʲô£
ٲܣǶҪ
٤ɽһ£˵ܣܵȥ֮أݲϣûκˣֹ
㵽˵ʲôڵ׷ʲô£
⣬ֲֿϢû´ĻӦǡʿˣ
ʿ
һʵΪǿʿʿ
֪ʿ
ҵ۶ǣء
ܣϣôܻʿļء۶ǣʲô
ڲ˵ЩʱңʿΪʲôھǴ½
ǣͣ
ʲô˵ͣ
ûʿĻںܾ֮ǰѾ˽ʿѹ͵ڣʿٴѣϣûܽѹס
٤ɽⷬɲɵӡ
֮ǰ˽ʿѹסˣ˵ûܽʿѹҲ˵֮ǰѹסʿģϵˣʿĻ֮ǡ
ͣǴػߣǿģ
˵ôˣ뿪жԶܶԶϣܿסʿɣȻӦġ
ѽȻ֪ʿʿ֮һȻ֪ʿӵжôǿ˵һ磬ǻ棬ǲܵ¡
٤ǲҲ磿㵽Ǵģ
˵ڱҪܻ֮ڣ֪ʲô£ܷʲô£ȱסԼϽ뿪
ڣʳħѾӵվԲ񷶦Եı֮ǰӿ񱩵ͬʱ˵η塣
ʮֻצӺΪֻצӣͣؿĴţֻһ
ϣЩѺ۸֮ǰըĿУʮֻСЩС³֮ģһãҲѺ۸˳ЩеǶеãħ޵ãһ·ӵ޾ϣһʱ䣬ȽЩСȫˡ
ʳħһ˫ţͣòȹȥԽԽ࣬γһ֧ӣʳħΧ
ͬʱ񷶦ڣһڹҲʱ򣬳þӵǰһ㣬еþʳħ˽



񷶦ڳĺڹ⽥ɢȥڴΧԲ֮صˣ˿̶ĿֵϿգһˡǲˣֻһӵȴǰްõĹӵһ˫޴ĳΪұΪڻӶʱͣǿ쫷磬ͽǳͳ쫷磬ǿͬӵԨģ֮һﶼ
УһûеֻеУһӣ֮ΧеĿ֮
ްĳӷ磬һ̣Ѿʧȥ˱е־ˣ޾ɱ¾УҲ磬Ϊһ޵Ϣ
Цһ־ȴǸ˴ȥľ·˵ɣͳͳһɣԽаȫӳʲôʲôֹ㣬Ϊÿһˣһ


1535 ɱɱɱ
ʹþеСֱ֮ӾͶʳħչ˽
þҲ֪˵һλȫһͷеþϣɢɫĹâЩâȻǸʳħаͬģҲΪЩаĹϵʿʱѵİɣȻҲųΪ񷶦ڵĵڶԪ˴аٽӷں󣬽ʿ˳
ҲʿΪʲôԭѵģΪҪģǿʿʳħ֮䣬Ҫвֳܷʤ
¡¡
ĺɫֱӳʳħγһС͵꣬ȫʳħϡ
þţһ֣ⳡɫˣɫ꣬ʿͳģۼǿĺڰɵġ
ʿֺ󣬲ȥںκεĵңֻҪеһȫʿƬشʹ˰ɡ
ʳħⳡɫҵĻð˺̣ʾ֮£ʳħȻҲʿԣʿжôֲҲʿɢ½н䣬ʳħΪߣϹŹޣôһ˲ˣ޲޵ļһﶼ򲻹
ʳħǰ۾ÿһֻ۾ΪɫȫڲͣգţһĻ˿ʵǻѽ
ĺɫ۾һѰѵĻǹƵģһɫԲ򣬴۾ˮʿ
ǳӷ˵κһˣģҲΨһģǵһʳħĹʿû㣬ͷԭһҲʳħĹ
顭
顭
顭
޴ıը·һսԶֻܿΧǺɫıըɫıըʿʳħȫĲ˷ɢȥеƣҲǿĲɢһС֡
ըʳħΪʿѾ군ˣϾʿʳħǸǴϵʳħ̫޴󣬶ʿӷ籾ûκġ
ʳħ벻ʱըڹɢȥ֮ǰʿȻڣǸطһҲûж
˵ĻһһҲ̫̬˰ɡ
ʳħģֻͣڴ֮ˣȫ򣬾ͻᱻȫ϶
ʿЦת֮ǰûȥۿʳħʿһССĹޣӲˣҲ˵Ƭ浱Уʥʿƽʿ֮⣬ʣ˭ԴĹʿǺڰƻʿĴߣѹƲʿ
һMTһMTʣССĹôܶʿ˺
ʳħʿڵӣϹŹޣҲηģ͸һֻǿĹ۸һͬСĶֻʨӣϻ·һ
ʳħڵܾ͸ǿĹһġ
ǰЩɫ۾ʱʧʳħʿĿȥ
ʿܻʳħܵĻᣬղŴôˬܣ붼롣
顣
ʿգ֮䣬Ѿվʳħͷһ˫޴ĳ򣬻Ӷ쫷磬Χγ磬磬סʳħʳħڸ·ûˣ
еУľʿһֻССʳħǸԼҪһ飬ǽɱɱ
˵ʥʿƽʿ֮⣬˭ʿǰǸҲǻƽʿһܸʿӲƴֻʥʿֳĴڣܽʿѹסǻҪʿûе񱩵ʱ̡
ʳħھһֻеС㣬ܶ˵Ҳֹͣ

Цʿ֪ҪʲôվʳħͷϣеҲѾȴûжʳħֻ֣Ԧʳħڳ֮ȥ
ҿ쿴Ǵ޳ˡ
ĴŷɳʳħʳħͷϣһʳħǱǷǳСĹסƵģϡ
ҿܣʳħҪˡ
ûʳħȷǳ߷ɹȴʳħԼģʿԦġ
ʲô
𣿲ʿǰͲǸ⣬ʿֻҪһ֣ûܽѹס£Ǿ޾ɱɱܵС
ɱɱɱ
ʿͣĺˡɱ֣ʳħҲŬĴʿĿѳɲʳħôǿôܰѳʿļԦ


1536 µĵȴ
֮ܲ£ʿԦʳħѾ˴֡
һΪǿĴ֮һһǴ½ϵϹŹޣ϶ĳǿߣδֵܵĽɫ߼һڳӷ޷ʿ֮£磬군ˡ
ǵˣӴڳ˳ǼԦʳħʿϵĺšɱɱɱʣ˭˿̲µģֹ࣬ͣ
ʿеУӶһ˫ٵĻӶţ·ԳӶ磬еУһȥΧһУΪȫʧһ֮·һεĿռ䣡
顭
ʿһںܶ˶֮ʱϣһĹΣڹڣϰٸȱĲ壬һźţıڻ󳹵ʧ
Ϊʿɱˣͷʣ£еһУȫ˵ȹųʥʿƽʿ֮⣬Ƭ棬ֵܹ
ҿܣǲĶ֡ҵӺзذǡ
Ķ󺰵ڵˣд·ûˡ
ȻĿǰλãû֪Ԧʳħʿǳӷ磬Ͼ仯̫󣬰ްõ壬˭ϲ
⣬þţû֣ٶҪʿʳħ˺ܶ࣬һͳ֣ǹƾ͸ӿˣΪݵغǿߣҲʶģһվ˵ܵеĴڣ¾¥ħ壬еĳǿߣڵһ͵ǰûռ˿ˡ
ʿְͬ㣬Ϊڵģԭ˵ԳӷĿǰΪʿѹҲ޷ӳ̫ǴĴڰˡ֮ǰӷڰյĺڹѸ֮ټϸղյаעʿ㹻ң֮ڣδȫʿ
ۿӾҪʿǰЩ˺ʿͽԦʳħ½һе
ʱУ֮ڣͻȻʮ£ȫʿԶһɽۣ֮
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ʮŹ۵ĳǿߣٶȣ˹
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Ϊ׵˻δ꣬˫ͻȻһתʳħͷϣȻվһ
磬ʲôѵʳħ𣿡
ʳħֻһֻǸʳħ
ʳħΪʲôվʳħͷϡڼԦʳħƵġ
ܹԦʳħģԲͨ࣬ʮ֣ټеĳǿߣܼԦʳħֻһֿܣǾǡ
ΪŮ˵ʿ
ã˵ʲô
˵ʿ
ʿ
ĸ֣ŸˣȻûһϳ־ŵģǳϲɫ
ЦڸˣʿƬجΣ֮أһƬҲԲκεʮˣ֪ʳħͷǸʿ֮ǲǲ£ǲвѽ
ȻϣǼµڳˡ
Ϊ׵ȥȴ֪ʲô
磬ڻȥ
СŮסΪ׵ˡ
ʮã£˵ĵȴ죬ʵˣΪβȥ
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ѽ
Ϊ׵侲ȴ£ѵǵȴһһ־һǣһԶûеҰ𣿲ǣԼȴˣ٣ڲǡ
˵ǼҪȴˣʿĻʿ𡣡
ûȴģʿĻǴػߣʿʿӦʱѲŶѽ׷ʲô£ʿǰˣ
ΪʳħĹϵɡûϵ뵽һ㣬Ҳ˿ʿķ
ʿķ
ڿЦɣʥʿƽʿ֮⣬Ȼ˿ԿʿǸҲʮֱ̬ѽʮ쵽ˣˣ
ãѶ
磬ڻС
Ϊʲô
˵ǵ֮ȷǿԽʿǰǣʿĻӵѪӤѪӤǵ֮ϣܿסʿʿٴ˯С


1537 ʱδ
ʿΪаĴڣһ˯յаᱻΪа̫ǿǰѵġȻҲųʿĻʲôŻᾪ˳˯еʿʿһѣͻֱӽȫɵʼƬ棬Ϊռ䡣Ҳˣʿǰʿһ𣿡
Ϊ׵һָʿʵ
СŮ˵ǵҺСʱ򣬸׾ǿʿĻʿӦȫһֺھɵģһͷɫޣֳһѾսꯡʿûһǾ߱ĻأδΪʿֻߣʿֻһ룬һڳ˯֮С
ʮ˵ûڻûΪʿҲֿܣһΪ޷ʿȫӳڶϣһʲôʿѹסһ룬ȫѹʿһѣǳͬʿ֮⣬Ƭ棬ûܵУ磬Ҳͱ¾ͻˡ
ʮУмһֱû˵Ϊ׵˵ʿʿ֮ܵкһʵ磬Ȼʿǵꡭ
壬ұ졣
˵꣬Ϊ׵ͻȻһŭȻת˵壬Ҫס˵Ļʲôطʲôʱʲô£˵Ĵڣǲ֪ģһǵĴڴ˳ȥǽᷢʲô£Ӧú
ǣ磬Ҵˡ
ˡȻ֪ʿûȫѣǾһİգʿĻѾԪѪӤֻҪѪӤڣǵ֮ͿԽʿѹȥȫ˯С
磬ǿʼ½ɣҪ飬˿
ȲҪڲʿʳħҲˣܰʿѹסʳħ˭Ըһʮ˵޷ġ
Ǵ˼ǣѵʿʳħ
ǰѵʿҲ㹻ʳħʿʳħаŻмԦʳħ˼ģһЩаɢȥͻһʱ佫ʳħ
ǻʲôȥʿʳħаɢɡ
壬˵ٴˣ²Ҫ̫嶯ҪɢʿڵκһаҪʱ˺͵ģһ⣬ǾͻΣա
ڴ½Ƭ飬ʮ˿ܲҪ˵ʿ˳ۡԶɽδ֮⣬Ƭ棬˭ʮ˸˽⡣
ֻ໥ƽʱ򣬲ܽʿڵһаɢ
໥ƽ⣿磬ʲô
νʲô磬ÿһ磬Ҳɵģ֮䣬һƽ㣬ƽʹ໥ȣƽ⣬ͻף໥֮ںһͻᷢ֡
Ǵ磬ʲôʱ򣬲֮ƽ֮ʱ
Ȱɣƽ㣬ÿ춼һεģϣֵʱûҲҪ̫ˡ
ǰʿԦʳħѾʼɱˣʿ£ʹĲˣ֮ǰĲѡʱ̣ΪӰ
ǼһĳͬһȥȴҪذǣҪȽ֣ӷȳ
㿴Ҵ磬ȥȹӡ
ĶվһѾή˵Ϻ
һֱ˵ҲѽܵĻ·һԼƵʱӷҲԭԼģս֮ϣԼսѣԼսǾļɻ䡣
ֻҪҵսѣֻҪ㴩ľװһϲʶ㣬ҶޱΪ㵲ӵ
仰йΪеģҲʵģȻܻʲôط仰ǾУΪҪġ
ãԼСһ㣬ȴȥһȫĵط֮ٻغϡ
Ϊһɱ֣ǿı£ıԵҳһ·
ֱӱ˿̵Ѿ˹ȥ˵ӰʧĶǰ
Ķȥķ򣬲ǰǵķ򣬵ҲܲôˣֻҪǰȫĵطĵطĵطͿȥ
С㣬ڽֺ󣬷Ϊȥҹӡ
áҪעⰲȫΪû֪ڻʲô
ǸսʱͻȻһþӴڳ˳
Щʲô
ãЩΪʲôԶġ
תƣ·ͨ
ৡ
һӰǵǰ˵·ȫסˡ
ʹһۣ˫ɢڹ⣬һþֱӳ˹
ۿǾҪþûͻȻͱһڹ⣬¡һǵþȫը˷顣
ڽЩþըɷ֮ʹþţʿǱ߳˹ȥûȥǡ
ǸصĳǿߡǹӵΪʲô
İְɣԸģҲ֤Ӧûʲô¡ҵȻ󾡿뿪˵ء


1538 Ѫɫıֽ
ھǴ½Ȼû̫ҹȴǸһģ翿ֱ̫һʱǴ½ǿǾſǵȷֱġ
ǵڴתһȦЩ˵Ϊ䲻ߣҪΧһƬܼȦǲģҲҪʲôʱ䣬ϴѾûκε谭вˣе谭вȫڴ֮⡣
Ȧûҵӷ磬һӰҲû
ô죬Ҳӡ
ѾûʱˣǱϸϻذȥȻİһ֪ߵһȫǰǵġ
Ǿȥǹӡ
㲻õСӲǸæ𣬻һȺˣӦòʲôΣյġ
ڸ㶨İֱ֮ӾͻӾǣû뵽飬ֱӾʹ˳ӷļƻ
ǻȥǵ飬ӷɾͲ֪ôᵽʲôطȥˡ
УôһܾȥС㣬ȥĻʹȥɣǱߣҲгذǣңҪȥһط
ȥһطڶʲôʱˣҪܵȥ
㲻ȥǰɣ
Ķ˵ͷ˵ǳ֮ǰҶѾǳҪֹİǣͬʱҲҪ취ǸղţѾҴ糯ǵķܹȥˣû´ĻһҲ֪Ҷ˼ԲŻðձҴ糯ǵķܹȥġһûΣգţҲһȥǣϾİǵһһ䶼ˣһǱӣ߹ӵǸѸˣ
һ£˵ӦøĶһȥǵģڵ֮ǰͬʳħʿһѾıҪǣͲ̫ܡƶЩһܵûӰˣһӻذȥˣֻʣһǣһƶҪ췴ǵһģǡ
ǸǰȵĻ룬ӦǰǱȽΣհɣ
Ķ˵ڵȷǰǷȽΣաƶ췴ѩİһģҶ硣ԣС㣬Ҷ磬ǣͽˡ
ģֻҪڵһ죬ͲðǳµģҲ¡ھͱ·Ҵȷذǣ㣬ϸȥǣغϡǧҪסǺҪҵСӣǼǧҪӲǣһϳˣǾн޳
ãˡС㣬Ҿȸˡ
أϣǻڰ
ѽϣڰγ治֪Ҫʲôʱ򣬲ܻȥ
Ķ׼ԼԲҪһҪӷɴҵưԴ½
ӣ֪㲻µģǾǼˡ
ɽۣ֮ʮǿߣȴʱĵ
һ΢紵Ϊ׵˵׼Ͼʱˡ
ڵûƵĻĿ½ڽİҲ˵Ϊ׵˵ʱ䣬Եʱ㣬Ӧ̫£ߵһƽеʱ䣬Ҳ½֮
ʱˣ½磬׼ɢʿʳħа
ʮͬʱÿһ˶ͷϵĻƽʯȫΪʮλʿʳħϿա
ʿеһָʮ˵֮ʱѾǣʿȴ˵ģֻᷢľЦ

ЦʮȫоǿʿмеȥǶͷϵĻƽʯȴ·ǿԵȶա
ʼý硣
ʮȦͬʱ֣ʿʳħ֮ϣں֮ϣһƬ⣬Ƭ⣬ʿʳħȫ
ǿϢӿХ㣬˭ǵֵסģʮ󳬼ǿߣҲˡ
ãϰѱó
ǣ硣
ŮȫɢһǿҵĹâȻһѪɫĹâ漴ͼŮ˵ǰٵƳһǡһֽ
ʲôЦƾһֽҪֵסʿϢ㵱ֽϣӵʥʿˡ
Ȼ˭ûо԰յĻǲֵܳġ
磬ѾúˣҪʮǿ˵֮ܲãֽʲôˡ
ֽȻһֽһѪɫֽǱѪȾƵġ
ֽƳŮ˵ؿںٶȲʱô죬ģƶʮ˵мλá
ֵǣѪɫֽƶʱʿϢҲĻϢʮʱѪɫֽȻޱȵľ޴ֽϣ˺ܶģģֽƳΧͣתţһ˼ģȻϢںһ𣬲ңϢȫˣ


1539 ɢа
ܣܣĵܣܡ׽ʯдȫƽʯҰǱеȫӳΧе
ǣ硣
ܣߵܣ˵ܣãʮáҲΧеȫչۼʱ֮ԴΪһƽ㣬Χγ໥ƺٹѪֽ֮ڣͿԽʳħаʿȫճˡ
ʮ󳬼ǿͬʱֻΧһһǿϢҷɢʮǿߵߣγһһ塣
Ϊ׵˾ֱӷɵѪֽ֮ϣΧܵʲôӦƵģԼٶȣȫΪ˵
Ϊ׵˲ûнսԼڣ壬ΪһתƵ㣬ͨ壬ȫµѪֽ֮ڡ
ѪֽϵЩģĴѪɫ仯ΪɫģΧͣתţγһƵģһһַ·ûдڹ֣ǴͬʱһִߵЧӦ
ҼסܱѪֽЧסǵ񣬲ȻǶΣա
Ϊ׵˴һѪֽҲʱתеķģȫصѪֽ֮ϣѪֽɢѪ֮⣬ȥķҲɢ⡣
һ˿ľģڴ˿̣ѪֽžģĳʿѹȥңѪֽԽԽ
û֪ᷢʲô£ʿ֪ƵģѾ뿪ʳħͷһ˫ǿٵĻӶţ޴磬ҪѹѪֽ֮ڡ
ڸѪֽľԶʱѪֽɢȻȫƽˣƽӰ١
У˿ĿʿҲѾʼ˵ʳħǸBOSSˣʿǸռBOSS˵ʳħּĻʿǾԵʮǡ
ʿתΪ棬ʹþţȫҪȥѪֽɸͲȥѪֽгǰãѪһգȫɢܣһȫ
Ѫֽ治֪ʲôȻӵǿʿþţգ֮䣬ȫˣҲѾѪסˣ֮УһҲˣڵĺԪҲǱ˰㣬Ҫ͵塣
ڸ͵ֵסѪֽźԪ͵͵ϷһȦԪͬʱȦ˽ȥ
磬ղǽʲô
ڱЩȽʳħаʿ
Ϊ׵ʵҲµ֣ʿ֮ԻѣܿǸղǵйϵȴ֪ǵǴʲôطġ
ȻȻԪѾ뿪͵壬Ǹղǵ⣬Ȼǲ񷶦֮ŵģֻѪֽ֮£Ԫ񶼵ֵס˲񷶦ѵѪֽȲ񷶦ǿ𣬻˵񷶦ͬ
Ѿʧȥǵĳӷ磬ô֪ЩȲѪֽʲôΪҪģǽʿѹҲ˵ʮ󳬼ǿߣǳӷĵˣڰӷѹʿðΣյģôлΪӷѰɡ
ʿ˳׵Ŀ֮Уڵȫ˳Χγһ޴ĺڹ򣬺ڹԽԽǿ󣬷·һԭӵ㣬ʱпܱը
ٶȿ㣬ʿѾʼ񱩣һҪ½
⻹ûȫѵʿһͿԻ½Ҳ̫˼˰ɣȴڣνĳǿʿǰȫɸˣ
ŵĻŴ󳬼ǿһЦҪһеǰꡣ
ʱɢʳħа

ѪֽһѪȥΧסʿ˵ѪֽѪ⣬ֱӾʹ͸ʿ䵽ʿ塣
һģٴƳѪ䣬ԼٶȣʿΧһ㣬ʿסˡ
ʮǿߣѾֹͣԵֶΣΧĽ磬ҲʧʲôҲˣҲ֪ʲôΪģǶѾˣ
ڽɢɢͬʱʿڣɢһֺʳħаͬġ
磬аѾʼɢˡ
ܺãˣȫɢʿԽԶԽãΪаɢ֮˭ʿʿһҪɱĶ󡣡
Ǵ磬ʿʳħ֮Ǹô
֮飬ҲҪˣѪֽԶȥӦѪӤģֻҪѪӤһѣʿٴ˯֮УʿĻҲԺôģΪȵУҲΣգһУͿԼˣһôĳ̶ȣֻˣ


1540 ȭȭȭƿȭ
ʮǿ߸շɳʮ룬ϣȻһǿڹǺˮްʮǿ߲ţʮˣȫסˡ漴ɱԸʮ˺
顭
ۡ
Ϊ׵Ϊڻֵܣ˫һţƶһŸǿߣʮľ룬ԼȴΪɺ˵˻ȥ
硭
ңܣ
Ϊ׵ںʮʱȻתǰĺڹ⣬ڹ⣬˸Χ
ۡ
ѾǵڶѪˣڱڹΧͬʱΪ׵ȫ͸ѿƵģһž޴Ļ棬ڲͣȼա
ʿ񱩳Ƶ̫ǿΪ׵ΪڻֵܣԼѾıԵ
ֵ֮ܽ䣬Ȼһģǲܷʲô£ҲҪһȥǻزȥҪһ
ŸǿأеҪʿ񱩳⡣
ĽϣʱΧ֮أγһ޴ռݵеУȻǰǣİǸǡ
ڹס˶ͷӣѾϿƽʯҲѾȥֻҪһڣҲġ
ǲǷˣʿ⣬ǲӣɽڣǼ壬Ͳꡣ
磬ǲܶ㲻ܡ
˵ϻ϶ϴ뿪ҪȴʱܽеһУʿĻǧҪסʿǵĵˣǵϣΨһϣ
磬ǡ


ͻȻʿѾɳϸߣ֮ǰѪֽҲѾʿץѪֽʧȥеƵġ
ѪֽѾ䵽ʿϾͿԸӦѪӤˡҲҪֻʿ˯ѣȥ
ڣû˻Ϊ˵ĻǼˣֻ뽫ǵ˾ߣ½˸ʿĻҲǳӷ棬Ƕںġ
ô꣬ôˣѵǻںôһʱ𡣴磬ԼҲ˵ˣֻҪɽڣǾͲûաˣռʿĽ硣
硣
ʿ񱩳Ȼڷ԰֮ڣγһ磬ڽ֮ڵκˣܵ޴ѹʿߣҲǱɵġ
ŸǿߣͲԼҲãҲգΪһϣԼ˶²ܣϣһµجΡ
¡¡
У׵ۼ׵磬ȻѪɫġ
ʲô
Ϊ׵˴һʼˡ
ʮãˡ
ʮãǧҪģԼģһˣǡ
ѽ
СŮˣͻһǿѪ⣬Ѫ⣬ȫΪ׵Χ
һѪΣŮ˵ųŮ˫ȭڳļƣȻʿֹͣһ¡
ơ

ɡ
ǵȫңһˣܲס
ʮãǲǷˣѪʮ嶼ܲס㡭
Ѫ
ʲôѪʲô
Ϊ׵ôŮˣȥˡ
˸ǿߣȫԵ˳СŮˣ˫ȭΪһֵȭ·֮֮Դȫ
ʿĽ硣
Ů˵ͷһƬѪ⣬ǰһ޴ȭͷʱҪȥ
ʿʱΪ׵ǰһ֣Ů˼ʩչĹȻһϤĸо
ãѪӤѹˡʮãֹͣ
ʱҪֹͣѾ̫ˡ
ʿеѪֽѪֽڵķģʿУһֱ쵽ȫ
ʿڣѪӤ˹ǸͨӤûʲô𣬶˵Ŀɰ۾һ̣ѪӤʮ׺ݣ˫ָ˫һ죬壬ΪѪˮʿȫ
ʿʱ忪ʼ仯ߣʼƤߣʼۼƤ⣬һ˫ʿ壬ܿ죬ʿΪӡ
Χеصʿϣʿŭһȫһ壬ҽǿ·ȥ
ʳħ
Ϊ׵˻ΪѪӤѣʿѾûʱȥʳħˣû뵽һ̣ʿȻеȫʳħ˹ȥֻһʶĹɡ
ʳħʿһȥֱӾʹͷ壬壬ʼһɾ޴ʳħڲͣ׳Ƶġ
໡
ʳħһУ漴ֽŸλһһģը
顭
顭
顭
ʳħ壬ȫը˿ˣƬ֣ΧȫΪƽأϣֻʡһºɫֶĵҺ塣
Ƽ򵥵ͽʳħˣ⸽˵Ļ³һʳħͬġ
ʳħը֮ʿҲʧӷ磬ĻָڵѪӰѪˮΪӤ壬ٴν˳˯״̬
ʮãѾѹˣʿѾ˯ˣֹͣ
У磬Ѿ̫ˣѾƲסˡ
ȻʿȫʳħˣΪ׵ˣȻҲӽ˳ֻˣܡ
Ϊ׵˳ķɵŮǰҪֹŮѪ⣬ȫǰǸ޴ȭͷϡ
ȫ
Ů˴һľŸֵܣȫһ
ӷʱ۾û뵽ͼһĻԼζ벻顣
ôܣ
ӷ˶סˣһ޴ȭͷԼΧеһУȫᡣ
ơաȭ
ӷ羪ŵĵ֣ȭԼϤˣⲻԼҵռɱУƿȦΪʲôΪʲôƿȭˣĿȻǡԼ


1541 Ѫ
ƿȭ
ûƿȭԳѪӳƿȭ
ѵүү߸
ӷʱһϲԼүү߸ˣʱ԰Լصȥүү׵һδһͲҪҪԼүү˳ֵģһˣɱеˣ
ϸһ£ֲ̫ܣȲ˵ǱߵԼĸףѾ˺ռ䣬ܳĻܵǴ½ԼģͲһˡߣƿȭڽԼġ
⵽ô£
ѵԼ
ⲻѽ
ݳӷ룬ƿȭѾԼ
˿̵ĳӷһ⵽ǲΣεĻԼѹɡ
¡¡
ǿأΧһУָ֮ǰʿ񱩳㣬˷ɢȥ
ǿУڵ棬ΧǼأҪܵǿƻˣ
ƿȭԸɵĵˣڴڳӷϣôĽѾһȻˡ
Ϊ׵ˣҲ˵ʮãڿƿȭڳӷϣ𺳳ǿÿһˣȫɵۡ
һʱ֮䣬ûκ˸Ҷһ£Ҳûκһ˸˵֮ǰʿʱ˷ܣڣȫʧʮǿߣʼˡ
ȴ£ˣҪȵڳˣɽأһ棬Ȼᷢô顣
˵һжֻ⣬Ե⣬ƿȭŮˣҲΪ˾Ĵ磬ȴϣȭһʿͳ˯ˣӷ磬ѹˡ
Ͻ
ȣ
ƿȭУеľ𡣼Ȼ֪ƿȭܷӳƿȭӵųҵѪ᲻֪ƿȭѪɶƻ
磬ˣ̫ˡ
ѽһжѾ̫ˣȲˣҲˡ
ܣôܻᷢ飡
Ϊ׵ֱӾ͹Уڣӻںޣûκεˡ
ϣԲ㣬Բѽ
Ϊ׵˴󺰡
磬鶼ѾˣںҲѾˣǻİ취ɣ
İ취ʲô취ʿĻ֮⣬Ǹңʲôˣǵϣ
Ȼһˣһ˵ģҡ
ûãˣһжˡУǲͬʱʿĻģһǴػߣǡ
Ϊ׵˻û˵꣬ղƿȭĲѾɢȥˣֻڲ֮ڣһӰӰֳʱʮ󳬼ǿ߿Ŀ˵һֻ֣Ȼסʲô
ǡ
ȭͷ
һѪȭͷ
ţ
ڿЦİɡ
ƿȭˣȻһֻ֣ͽƿȭֵסˣ
ӷεҡҡͷϲɵĳ˿ЦȲܵʲô˷ƿȭƿȭҲҪʲôѽ
ûƿȭȷ߱ޱǿ˵޵еƻҪ֪ӷ磬ǳΨһļ̳ˣӵѪѧƿȭ֮⣬ͬʱӵҵ
óҵѪóҵƿȭԸҵļ̳ˣνѪǿƿȭǳǵ޵дʩչƿȭڳӷ磬ͲκεãƿȭͲȥӷġ
ʵ̫ˣȻǼҵȭǼҵԸҡ˵ǵʲôˣ
ӷһŭеƿȭûɢȥ˷ˣԼģǷȥõģҲԼӲȼԼ
Ȼû£
Ϊ׵˿ųӷһ˶ûУеƿȭΪˣһϲ
ٲ˵ǡ
˵˵ӷɲɵ׶֣Ǵ½ϣȻӵгѪƿȭǲ̫ˡ
ǣҵˣ
Ϊ׵ǿסԼʵ
ʲôˣ
Ϊ׵˸ǰӷֹ˭ǰһƿȭΪ֮ãǣδؿ԰ɡ
ȷƿȭѪṥӷ磬˳ӷɾͲòṥʮǿˡ
һһǿһġû´Ļ֮ǰǵͲǵġǣͲǳǿߡ
һֱӽʮõĵϸ˵ˡ
ȷʮãȷǳǿߣΪʲôǻӵųǿߵʵأ
ӷһתѵǡƽʯ׽ʯʮǽʯͷһǡ
ۡ
Ϊ׵˿һѪҲסۿҪеȥˣľŸãȫǰסˡ
̫أϽҽΣΣյġ
ǣ𣬱ҡϡ
磬ڲ˵ЩʱصˣǱҪ̴ȥȫĵطˡѾˣеǣʱ䣬Ҳеǡ
ȣȲôˣҵˣԼ֪ǿ飬ȫ
Сڱߡ
СŮԳӷ磬˫ȭһ˵ӣҴˣеʣǵҴ˺֮ٸɡǡ
ߣûôס
ӷɲŹǣڲ˵Ժ󣬿ܾûˣ
ӷﻹץŵѪֽͻȻ뿪˳ӷ֣˳ӷǰӷҪֳɵƿȭȥȴ벻ƿȭȻѪֽȫյˣ
ʲô
Ѫֽߡ
СŮջѪֽˣǵĴ磬ж죬ΪģֻΪȱסԼ


1542 
ʿʳħټƿȭ߸ü˶ƻǿ֪ġУŶʩ½磬Ȼܱ֤𣬵Ҳǡ
ӷ翴ʮԶȥԼ׷ȥĻҲòһôʹ˷Զ֪ԷΪʲôӵԼҵѪһʩչƿȭ
ϸһ£ӷͻȻʮ˵Ķͷϣͬһӣǡ
ѵʮ¶ˣ
ӷǰȻһ·ڵԨУҵһ·Ƶġ
ƽڣĶʮˣӷʼ֮Ϊһ塣˵ƽڣڵĶǸɺϵĻǸղʮˣӳȭ;Բɺˡ
Ϲ
˴ӻƽڣǿƽ̵֣һ֡
ûһеĶϣֻһ֣ģĳƣҲ˵ǻϣ
Ǵ½Ϲ壬ѵҲճǸΪ
ôܣǴ½磬û֪Ŷľ룬Ҳ磬ͬ䣬֮Զɺϵ鷢
˵ղʮˣԼûϵĻǲܷӵĳԼҵѽҲʩչĳƿȭѽѪƿȭֺǵģʲôʲôطģ
νѪΪǳҵѪղŵƿȭŲԳӷκε˺
ŹùóʱǶ£ڳҵ£ңͲڵϵˣӲڻеĴڣǴӻ֮ģѵڵʱӳǸģԼȣ𣬶ЩˣҲԼҵˣֻڵʱԼȷɢˣתתǴ½
ĻԼҵͲԵˣǴ½ϣһҲųҵҵЩˣ֤ʵһԼе뷨ɱػδǹʵ͸аˣ
ҪȥʮˣƲ̫ܣǼȻˣûô׳֡ӷߣǻһ¶¶ǵˣǶֵġ
ڲݳӷģǸԼйأҲȥ룬ΪǷ棬ž޴Σ
תӷҪذǣһ룬Ǳߣ򣬼Լİˣһ֣һ֣һѾ˰ǣİ֮ǰڴѾĲˣİǷأʱǵĻռһˡ
ͨǵ·Ѿûκ谭ˣ˵ûдֻ֣ҪǣҰ֪ͨǣڰ֮ٴνǣԼͿ˷ˣӦϣòǡ
ΪԷһİǷ棬ҪһµģҪһѹǲŲ
͡
񷶦֮ſʹӲ񷶦ڳ֡
ѾûˣǰİǣİǵϿգͣҪκˡ
ֻᰴճӷ˼ȥ£˵Ҳ˼룬һõķ
ͬʱѩ֮İ֧İΪ֮ǰϯһǻͷġ
ʦղŵ׷ʲô£
ǿϷδӣӦǵڶ֧Ǳߣ⡣
߻Ҫ𣿡
ˣǡ

ʿܽӪʡ
˵
ٳϡոմϢǵĵڶ·ȫû
˵ʲô
һѽʿץɫΪѿ
ٳղųﴫϢ˵ǵĵڶ·ȫʳ˴֡
ô׷ʲô£
ʵǰأ
ҪãѾһ֣ڷذǵ·ˡ
أ
ԼİȫûȻˣ
ãǱ͵ĹơٳǣˣǾ͵òʧˣ
áȫϡ

ʲôˣǿϳȥһ¡
ܳӪʣȴУһڹ⣬Լ߳˹ķ򣬲ǰǣʳ˴Ǳߣ
ٳϴڰǳֵǸǿߡ
͵ˣػߣ
Ŀǰܿ϶ǲǴػߣȥķǡİǡ
ˣȫϻسǡͣѵ빥İǲɣ


1543 İ
ǣ
ٶȸ˻ߵҲϣƶǼҵǰѾǵ½塣
ƶȺˣһҲżĺĲ裬һڿ顣
ǣϷȰʶһ㡣ѾزˣԸǵĻϷصΪεġ򡭡
ॡ
ǽ豭һңеıԱߵϣȻʵô
иԣʶҲ֮£ȻҸϷǣ֪ô³
³
ԹʲôطΪߣһ³ҵģʤߣðߵ쿪ðܷľ¿ʲôʬ֮ģȫϡ
ȴûнЩ˷ɵЦһ˵ǵ˼ҰҼҹӣѾˣ
Ȼģѵд𡣡
ȷܿ϶ӷѾʳħ֮£ƶˣô
ڻذ֮ǰҲһˣȽǸ£֮İǣ棬սǺϣȫƶ˵ġ
ƥһôʱ򣬾ͿʼͿءǼǸջصǵģҲȶһţ̸ܹУǲ̫ð˵㡣
ǣһôˣЩϷѾˡ֪Ż֮⣬㻹ʲô
ŻˣҲҪŻ˵ʱ
䣬ֻʮӰΧȫڽУû
ƶ켸Χɨ˼ۣɱǳ
û뵽ӷ֮ǰ׼ˡ
ɵôʮˣ𵽶ãɱ֣ôԼЩˣȫʥ۷徳ǿߡ
û´Ļϴǵɱ˵ģӦþǰɣ
ӣҲȫͿô붯֣Ͷ
Ͷǣǲһ־ǼΪˣ
ǼλΪȻûǣûо԰յ֮£ҲԡƥȰ㣬ڶ֮ǰȵȥôˣˡ
ʲôˣ
ǳȻתֻһŮˣվ˴ſڡ
Ľϣǳ㲻ĻҿԷһ
ߣȻǣڣҲֻϻ
Ѿͷ
ǾȻˣҲ˵
ͣû
ûôװɡ˼ЩˣѾΧ
ſڣһ˽
Ҳ˵һôԶ·Ϲ
СִżһȺŮ˸˹
ǷֵһӣСֺӰЩСȫ¡
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֮⣬һŮˣʹƶǼЦ
ƾЩСɫټˣѵʲô𡣡
ټءˣҰҴ
ļ£̧ҽҡ
ң
ôǳôһӰɣѵ뿴𣿡
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Ǵһӣ̽ƶȫΧ
˵ȫС¡
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λӣǵļƻѾʧˡ
а̾˿οʧˣľӣ
٤ɽû˵ڲŲȥΣһжûʲôϵƵġ
˵㿴˵ʱ֪εʧܣǺġ
٤ɽ˸Ѿû֮ǰηˣȻеϢѾʧˣҲ˵ʿҲʧˣֻ٤ɽ˲׵ǣʲô˽ʿѹȥģ˵ǳӷԼĻĳӷ磬Ҳֲ̫˰ɣȻԿʿԺǸѶԸ
ʱҶѾ֪ˣҲ֪ʲô£Ҳûκ˵˼ֻ֪Ϣô£
٤ɽ˸𶼲شа⣬˵ʿֲ̫û˸ȥ
ʱ
²á
ʲô£
Ѿ˰ǣͬʱˣѾİ߷˹
ʲôˣ
Ȼ˰ǣ˵е˷ɹʲôˣ
ȥһ¡
İߵ㣬аֻһ۵ˣϿղϵš
ڰǳֵǸǿߣһҲӵųǿߵ¥ĺھǼκβһܵİʲô
ҿȽĴɡ
ţ˵ûҲ֪͵ڸʲôɲĹơ
ٳϵĴѾ쵽ˣҲǼǺ˷İǣͻʲôŸϻġ
ţȻѾȥˣ˵ĴػֳİǣҲ˵Ƿ棬Ӧòʲô⡣ȫǽ䱸вҲȫǻ


1544 ˣ
ξټ塣
ξڿ֮ڣȴϢ
ӣϢˡ
˵ղŵ׷ʲô£
ղŵ飬Ϊİ֮ʳ˴ġ
ξټˣİ˵һ顣
ξڿ߶ţڰǳģȻȨ֮ûκεȤɰĵ򣬻Χʮġ
ʳ˴֣ʳħϹŹޣû뵽;ȻǵϹŹ޶ˣһڵ
ǲ֪ҲûκϢɾİǷ洫Ϣ˵͵ѣ˵еĴػߣһֱİǵϿţ֪
ֻһֱûж֣
ûС
ξ֪˵Ĵػ˭ΪλȹԼԼǷһ顣
ǰİǣػҪĻһдۣİǡ
ػߣӣ͵ڰѽ
ֻ뻹λǿһˣô˵ûȣҲ򡣡
Ȼˣ˹ȥ
¥
ھѾص˾¥ܲ
¥ʳ˴Ǳߵһսʵ̫ˣʳħСӣ治һǿѽ
ھɫһ䣬ʵ˼˵ľ¥һͣ
¥Ϣŭ²˼ֻ
ˣ֪ڵʲôȷһͣԽһǿµʵðĻпܳΪΪǿĵˡǼȥһ˾塣
壿¥˼ǡ
ǰʱ侫岻ǳ𣬴ΪҪȥǰɿҪƽʹߣɲȥ
ˡ¥ǲ֪ʲôطѽ
Ҫֻ֪Ҫǵ˱ǵλãȻ֡
ǣ¥̳
۶ǡ
ڣ۶ǱӦģڣ洫Ϣ˵۶ǵȫиҴ
˼λѾȷˡڵͣѾŵϹŹ޶Ȼû˵ô쵽ģˣȴΪµģһΪˣǵ۶ǣһôûС
ȺѾص۶ǣԭ˵ɻڰǣǲʱΪеģ
֮ǰȺҲ˵ӷˣܳΪãǲҪΪˡ
ľѾһˣӷʳħû֪еḶ́ȻͽһУȫ鵽˳ӷһ˵ϡ
һϹŹ޵ļһ͵ڸԼһ·
ȻѾˣǴڿʼǾΪС⣬ǣҲѾ˹Ҫһ°ǵ飬˼ԣһ֣Ըǡ
˵ǶԸǣʵ˭֪ҪɱһˣǾǳӷ磬ֻҪӷһǣȻ͵̨ˣ
֣֪Σ
ȺʵԱһ£ͷ׷ȴʮ۽ߡ
߿ȥѾĸˣƣ˫УͿԿ޾ĲɣˣμҲүүҫ䡣
ҫӿʼڣһ仰Ҳû˵ȺҲǵû֮װһιӣ˵ǾͰճ˼ɡλϷﻹе£һˡ
һϻҲûУҫֱˡ
Ⱥվ˵ΪʲôͻȻѾȨϷأѵ壬ʲôⲻɣ
ϣ㿴ҪҪŵ壬ϵ̬ȣе㲻Ծѽ
ţɵˣ濴ŵ㣬һ̸֪Ϸ⣬ɼˣȥһħ塣
ħ壿ħˣ
ܲϷ򲻸˵٣ħ壬˵ļǣĶ࣬һ׾ãͿԶһǵĴˡ
ûһǿߣȷԵеĹǧħǱ߻᲻ͬ۶ˣеѣȻ֪׾øӷ֮Ĺϵߣˡ
ħ塣
㣬۶Ƿ滹˹ˡ⣬򣬻кüУҲ˹ˣӣǶ˵ġ
̷ħ׾סɽ㱨
Ļ졣϶㿴໥֮䣬֪֪Էħ壿
Բ֪ΪǼʱԵĺܳԾӡ
ǾͺáȥӴһ£ҪˣҲø̫
ǣ㡣
̷ħ߳ɽ׾úһھƣߵһ澵ǰһӣ
Сӣ㵽ڸʲôղŪôĶ𣿡
ڳֵˣȻǰ׾õĵӰǳӷ硣
ӷڵλãһƬߡ
㼱ڲʲô¶û𡣡
ʿˣû£
벻ѽȻʿҲ֪治֪ʲô㲻֪ģ֪飬ʲôʱܸҡ
㲻õģҲΪ¡
ʲô£ڿæĺܣûµĻñƷҡ
Ȼµġϣȫˣӣ̸˵顣
ǲǺܺͳͳӦǡ
ڿʲôЦȫӦҲ̫˰ɡ
ҵģȫӦҪˣз棬ȫӦȹҧһԱ߿Ϸͺˣ飬ùܡ
㣬ҪΪ½Ĺˡ
ѵһЩһĹ鶼ѾһҲܲôˣҪɣǰǣǶ֮ǰܱסԼĳǳءˣȲ˵ˡ
ȥʲôط
ǡǱߣһǣǵ˸ɵɡˣٰҲһ¾ǱߵĶû´Ļ¥һȥҾġǰʱҲ֪Ǿ¥ǵ۶ݺңŮƶҪɱҵĳ嶯ˣһҪסҿɻû֡
ţԼСһ㣬һļƻġ


1545 ǿ
ǣλڴ½Ķ֮أϽĳǣɳǣаǸ۶ǣ˵ǸİǼ֮أĳǸɳǻ֮صĻǣһɽˮγɵĳС
Ӱѩ򣬴ʳ˴֣پһƬ󺣣͵ǵΧǣͷֲǳɽУɽڳУҲ˵һɽǣǲһǣǽȺɽ֮еģκһɽ֮ڡ
ӷͨһҴƯ֮ڣĴҲṩģǽӴʲôˣ
νɽɽˮˮȻɽкǳɽĶԸǴƸ֮⣬еĶԡ
ÿĿмڣǵˣһЩȥ׬ǮȻģвٵĴͨӷĴǵһҿʹ˵ˣ治١
һ´һС壬ˣȴС˵ǳɰǧģľ񣬻кܶǹ͡
ڴϴ˴һµʱ䣬ͨƬ󣬿ɼǾǣҲһġ
˴ҪģǰǣܹȥĻǷ棬һأ˭ǣᱻʸϸֻҪлߣǶǵģὫ˸¡
ɵ£ӷȻȥɣǵˣһȥɡ
кܶԷס޵ĵطһĳƺɣ͵ꡣ
һҷ꣬˻治٣ӷյſʱ͸оڷڵȫͨˣ˵壬ûһͨ˵ģѾȫԴߡ
С磬Ưģһ˰ɣõʳˮһƣ͡
һ˼п˽ŲڵﶼѾˣֱǰӷһһ˵ǰ
ûʳӷ絽ǲԷģֱһøλӣһҲû̫֣໥֮䶼ܿһλӸӷ硣
ӷ籣ĵ͵һͽһȫϳȥԼǿƣҪҵһ仰Ҳû˵ҲǼֲƵģŵİӷ׼óԵĶ
һһĸˣȫˣԱߣŮ٣Ҳ٣ÿһ˵ǰһƬҶı־һǱ־Ҷ־ɼˣȫˣֻгӷһˡ
˵ȻˣȻᱻ̫أ۹ȥ⣬ʱֲ̫ƽЩǵ˼ˣٶҪһ°ɣǲûκεǳĶԳӷЦЦʺãкɡ
νףӷҲ̫ϣȻǿȻҲ
໥֮ЦЦ󣬾ͼղǸߵмλãϴŷǳеЦݣ˵λλֵǴ½¼ʱˣҶһ¡
ϰǵôãǵ˵½Ĵ¼㵹ǿ˵ѽ
λˣȱѽļɳԲȶһԾͰѽʱȫ˵꣬Ǿû˼ˡ
ʱȫŸˣҲҵϰ
ϰһӣԭתһȦ˵죬Ҫ˵ģǴ½һλ½ǿߡ˸Щǿ߲ͬͲȴΪݲߣȴ½ȴѹȺۡǻһ˯ʮԣһ춯ءҲ²£ˣ˭
ڳκһ˵ͼڹ̨֮һŮ˳ʵף½ôǿΪʲôҴû˵
Ů£ϻкܶԲԲС͸¶źΣԼʮҡ
ѽôûˣλǿߣǽʱ½ΪƵء
ðɣҿҲ֪һλǿߣʵǧѵһġ
Ŷ˵˵֪ǿߣʲôˣ
ˣһսƺ󣬰ɽȨħ޾ˡʳ˴ޣİȫϼҡ
Ůѽ˵ģΪ˵ģòͬһ˰ɣ
Ҳ֪˵˭ѽ˵ģǴ½Ϊĳǿߣ͹ӡ
ۡ
Ů䣬ӷպȵһˮͻȻ˳˵עȫǶĸŮϣûȥעӷߡ
ӷѽոȥģʲôʱͳɳǿˡǳǿߣбҪǴ½ʹɱػȥˣ


1546 ̫ƽ
ʱҲ˵͹ӵ飬ֻǲ֪Ǽ١ϰҲרΪ¡û뵽ǣһ˲õ
ҵˣȫ·֣Լ;Ϊ棬ϰ˵ͳΪԵʵ
治֪⵽һʲô꣬ΪʲôһŮˣȻ˵ڳÿһ˶
ӷǺ棬Ҳ֡˵Լ֮ǰļ£½ѽȫǵˣôܻ᲻֪ǸİҪǵ飬ȻѾ˳ӷǽǵҲǳӷ´ģӷӦڳЩ˵ĵ˲Ŷѽʲôʱͱǵżˣ
ϰɲȥںκһ˵뷨Ҳȥʲô˵λڰ͹ӵ飬˵ʵ֪ҲǺܶ࣬ϾҶ͹һΨһļ̳ˣֻʮ꣬Ųңˣڣ͹ӣҲӦòǺ˽⡣
ϰܴĿе֪͵ĴԲ٣Ҳһˡ˵˵ҲҪطǻкܳһξ룬˵ʲô⣬һ˳Ͳ˵͵ˣԭ򣬴Ӧö
һվڳˣڳӷ£ڣԲһ֡
λģȻķֳϡ˵ǣΪʲôôƽأǳһͣţǣȴһ
ֵܣСһ㣬ǽжѽ
ʲôɱҵĻ;ܷɣˣҲǴˡ
ͬʱ̾˿ǳһʲôȻ˶˵ޣˣҲܲӡ
ǵĳӦҲʲôö˶ҲӦúܲĳǳӷΪϣġ
ܣûãҲעڲԶˡ
ǶôǿһܵĻǿҲֻ̨Ǹʱˡ
ǰ˳⻰˵ǺúȥӪȹǰĻǵͷҲһУһ֮˵һҲ˰ɡ
ʱ򣬵⣬˽һʮˣЩȫɫĿףͬһʽı
öɣЩˣһǵʿǴͷģǰҶӣڳ˶һƬҲ˵Ϊ֮ϣӦһ١
ϰЩʿɫʱһ䣬ӣˡ
ӴλүôпܵСѽ
ϰҪȥдϣǾһ־ͽϰƿҽеĵγָڳˣʵղ˭Իڵģ
ˣղŵ飬Ȼôͱǵʿ֪ˣӣҷ꣬ǿȥˡ
үҿ⻰˼ʲôԻڣǴĵطѽ
ٸӷϻӸղſˣڮٳͬʱ˵ǵͣЩĺ
ëˣһҪɱģϰ㲢ûҲ˵ղûʲôû
ڳѾվһˣݣԼʮӡ
үҿ֤ˣղŵȷڮٳڿ佱ǵ͡
쵰û뵽ӣõģҲӦ֪ҵĻȥֱӾ˹ʿϵ
˵ղ˭˵ģӣ͡
˲ûָϰָղ˵Ǹˣ
ˣӾ͵ˡ
ʿȫ˹ȥڳˣȫվϰΪףǰһ˵ǲҪ̫ˣĵɱˣŲһû뿪
Ȼ䣬ӷĲͬطʮˣЩˣò˵ӦöǳʦҲԴߡ
Щ췴ɡͳͳɱˡ
Ҷ֣ͷɣ㲻ҪżëΪǲ֪ǵˡ
Ȼֱϵ䣬뷴ˡ
գܣ¶ģǣͲǰˣ˵ǸССʿˣҲ¡
ǡʲôطϳλʱһԴϳͶȨ̻ٳҲ룬겻ϳһֽһҪؤһִϣнˣӦõ˶ǧǣǣȴǹ硣
ҵϣǻĲͷˡ
һͳϰ˹ȥӦΪȽϸߣϰ㡣
ԱߵŮһδ䣬ॡһһ豭ֱӴ˾ٵϣеĵڵء


1547 ͷ
ॡ
ٵĵ˵ϣͬʱһ豭Ҳˤڵء
ɫһ䣬ղǸ豭Ǵʲôطɳģʲô˶ģٶ̫죬Ͳκһ˷Ӧ
ٵϣѾѪˣֵµıҲȫɵۣΪԼѾеˣû뵽Ȼᷢ顣
ܵϾ٣ǲҪһĺ̨ԼʵٻҪһģѹƲסıᱻı
Ŀǰλãӷ綼֪ӣһôĴڣеŽᣬһôĳ̶ȣеָӣһôľ硣
ڣǰЩЩ̬٣ǵľ񣬶ǵľӣǲҲ˵ǵγЩִϣǲ
ν߲ܵ£ģҲмɵġһˣȻǿԵĵģͬʱҲᱻƵֺˣֻ˵Ǹúˣʲô³ҵʱȺ۲¡
ֻЩΪ˳µܾ£Ҳֻۣ֮УһƬԼ¡
ʲôˣӹ
ڷӦʱһŭ𣬶ʱȼ
˵˫ۣȫΧͣɨӣѽղʲô˳ֵģղû˳֣Ƶһģϰˡ
ⷹУֻһˣŵģˣȫվŵˣȻΪĿꡣ
㡣˵ľ㡣
ٽϵĵָ˳ӷ硣
ӷλãպǱžٵģٻŵֱӾͳӷ˹ȥ
ϰԼĿΣգڲòһվ˳ӷǰҲ֪ʲôطóʲôֻৡһ̳ȥеĵȻϳ롣
ˣһˡˣͳͳɱ⡣
ʿȫϰͬʱĿˣҲȫʮγһССʮʿ
ʲô췴𣿡
һ˼ղŲ췴𣬼Ȼ㶼˵ˣǲĻ̫˼ˡ
ˣϸӷѶţ˹
˹
˹Ǿȫɵˡ
ϰ˵طҲȥˣһ׬ôǮҪЩ쵰թһ롣ͷˡ
ףɱЩ쵰ɡ
ŮɱˣɼǵľӣѾ˹ߡ
ڴ˿̣⣬˺ܴĽŲͼü֧ӣ˽ˣȫŸ֮ǰЩһĿס
ʲôǰɡ
ߣһ׵Ĵ󽫣߸еһƴҲʮֵĿ࣬ɢһΪʥƷľ磬ҲҪߣЩӷ粢ûȥ⡣
ͷЩҪ췴ҵϡϰȫɱ⡣
дͷĽɫһ͵ļǰɢóӷƨеȣܴӵЩ˵ĻɵģЩˣΪԼáԼҲϤЩ˰æҪǣ׶ˣֻҪڳľӸǱߣӦûôõϢǵõϢʱԼѾˡ
ӷû뵽ǣǴͷǰûõκһ˿һصĶ⣬Ǿٵϡ
ž
һľԭת˼Ȧˣһ㶡
쵰˾˵ѹգѾǲǲˡ
ͷǷŭ򵹵ľپȻȴͷҪŭ
㣬㡭ͷ㵨ӿ治СȻҴң㲻˭ǰɡ
ž
һ˹ȥٵء
вӡӻˣΪ˾ǴϣӾ㣬ӸôģҲԲ

ͷǸ٣ǣһ˷
ϸӹȻӾͰͷͻǣ뿴ǣô
ӣǣһ˵£ԣһͷԣǸǵжԵ
ѽҵǣϳӷģǴĲɿԼʹˡ
ڿɲҸͷӲӲˣŭͷСӸӵţȻصô㡣
ģ
ٸıȫŵܡ
ͷʱɫ΢һ£̾˿ϰ˵ϰʵڲ˼ָ鷳ˣ
֡˵ǰҲ£ܿڣӣͷڱš


1548 ټξٱ
ͷֵܣˡڰĸŮǷѾ̫ˣ컹Ǹ쵰ֽˣسǺ󲻻ʲô°ɣ
ͷЦһ˵Ӹһңû͹ϰģڵǣҵ£ֻҪҼүڣ壬޷̫š
Ǿͷֵүã߰ٺˣһȥ˼ҵġ
ͷ¶һ˿Ŀɬ̾˿߽ϰ˵ҵĺý㣬ͱˣοүȥġ㿴ڵһС꣬ҪչŮЩ쵰ңȥʵ޷Ժ󻹻ᷢʲô¡
ͷСڳˣĺȴûκһ˸еʲôġ
ͷϰΪ㣬ӣʲôϡѽ
ͷֵܣ飬ҷǳл㣬ҲǳллǳСĹաҸǳ壬ûκεĹϵ㣬ϣܼ
˵꣬ϰת̨Ǳȥ
ͷҪǰ˵ʲôȴŮסˣ˵ͷذɣǻҪء
ͷŮ˵Ը˾𣿡
ʶŶˣʮǰҼһΣǸʱ򣬺㣬Ҹ׸ϵȥġ
Ѿͷʮˣ꣬ѵããáǾ˾˵Ĵòã˾˵겻Ӧǣ˾˼£󣬾͸˾˻سȥɡ
سǣʲôǣĺܿģǣ˸ȥĵطǵʮǰ˵ŮˣǵʸûСˮգ仰ѵͷû𣿶ңҸЩҲûֹκˣҪֵĻ͹ĸŮá
Ѿͷ˵ôʲôϽȥɻˡ
ϰŮ˵
Ůתˣͷԭء
ѽʮǰ飬ѵԼ𣬵꣬˭ĸŮϳģԼԼ£ҲĸŮСʮʱ䡣
һǳڶĴС㣬һǵĴС㣬ȴС˼С꣬Ҫ˵ɫҪ۸ȥ治֪ᷢʲô¡
ͷЩǲ̫ģɡ
ڳĿˣ֪飬ѹָղϰһվԴôˣԭڳпˣ֪ϰͨ
λǶϹ˿ͣչ⣬Ҵĸ飬һܺãǳ飬ȫǶ֪ϣλ˵û³ͷڴлˡ
ͷпˣľһ
ȫǰ˵ͷˣֻҪһ仰˵ϰǰ˵ûҪǵҲһüͷġ˭֪֮ܶڣȫΪгүڣûг壬ûүӣЩˣˡ
ͷ˫ȭһ˵лλˡ˲ϣҾҾһˡ
Щ˵ĻӷɫѾʼ˱仯
ǣĵˣ²Ǹʲô壬Ǹʲôϣǳ塣
壬ȫģҪЩ˵תƵԼ²Ǽ׵ѽ
ͷߵſڣӷ߻룬ǵ壬Լ֮໥ģڳӷ˵вҵĻҪ壬
㡣
ͷһתֱӾֱ˳ӷλãˣȫۿȥ
ղǸҲע⵽˳ӷ磬ڴͷָӣ£ûء
˵ľ㡣Сӣ
ӷһҲԭλϺȲ衣
ͷֱǰʵղǸ豭㶪İɣ
ӷҡҡͷȴ˵
㣬Ļ˭
ڳһˡ
ղŵĲ豭ǳӷ綪ǵĻӷͲǴǼһһֻˣֱӾҪǳӷ磬˭ء
ͷ˫һɨֿһԭ˳ӷ⣬ⷹڣһˣǵڶһֱûģһŮˡ
ӷҲתǸŮˣŮվߵӷֱӾûȥͷֱӶԳӷ˵û뵽ɣּˡ
ǺϡΪʲô
ΪʲôҾΪʲô
Ŷʲô˼ɵĻܱǸҸ㣬Ǻ졣
Ů˭Ǵ½ӷʶŮ˲࣬ǼѾذǵ֮⣬ֻһ֪ʲôطĶһħİ׾ˣ󣬾һξٱ¡
ûŮˣξټξٱ¡
ξٱ±ǳҳӷģΪӷĵҩԾ׵֮ǰξٱİǣΪΪӷİǣ˵ߵ֮ξٱ̾͸˹
λղŵĲ豭λС㶪ġҪлĻлɡҪ鷳ĻҲ鷳ңһϵûС
ξٱЦЦ˵Щˣʵ̫ˣһҰ˵֪ᷢʲô¡
ввɳӷˣͲϲв
˵֮ǰѾǸˡ
ţҲ˵λžù٣ӦòΪһСŮӰɡ
㻹СŮӣʲôЦξټ壬ȻҲСŮӡ
ξٱµôξأ
õģұû
ˣҲǸ
ǰȻǵĻҿܰŶ
ã㻹Ǹλ߰ɡҸ㣬ŮˣǰǵǣҪץĻ춯֡
ǣ
ͷڳȫξٱ£ξٱҲ벻Լû˵ͣ㵹ãȸһס
ǣС㣿
֣Ǹѽ
ˣ¡


1549 
ǵ壬ǳ壬˫ҪȹԼǵ໥֮ᣬҲӲ֣ʱǶ֪һ䵽˱˵Լ³ǵĽ֣ҡ
ڣ˵ǳˣƻʱֹͣסᣬֽ˸¡
ɣİǣĵˣİʳ˴ȫû֮ѾٽһİǷˣ˵ĲأûһʱĵϢҲǲٴνǵġ
ڰǾͲһʳ˴һۣİǺõĶ࣬вֵľӣѾ˰ǣټλ˵еǿ͹䲻Ƿ壬ڻɣͲĻһԼǵΧ֮ڣҲ˵Ŀǰвģ硱֡
ǣǰĴС㣬ȻûڵͳֻҪ֪ģӦ֪û֮ǰ壬ǿǣ֧ŵڣһŮˣȻڰǺüѹ¼ֵѹŮˣԲСˡ
Ƿ棬ҲѾ´ӣʱ䣬ҪӵЩߣһа˳ǵķΧ֮ڣһһдۣ£ɱ
Ȳڲٳӷ֪ǵ뷨ģ
ξٱ£ξټĴС㣬һܵĿģѾöˣӲȥ²⣬Ȼӷģƻ֮⣬ӷ벻ʲôĿġ
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ͷĳ֣óӷҵһܺõĻᣬɱξٱ£ξټ壬ȻݣԼɱͲȥɱˣֻ֮Ҫξٱ²ԼǵǶڰǣһ൱顣
ɣ
ξٱ´һɱӷĳ嶯óӷ͵вӷģû뵽ͷӷˣ
ʵξٱڰʱѾµͣ˵ͣǰͣһǼٵģξٱɣ֮ǰԼξ뿪ǵĺǿߣͲǴ˵еĴػߣĴػߣֻӷˡ
ɣ
֣ӷмҲӲϣֻҪܰѵ˸УٱɵֶΣӷ綼õĳ
ͷҲɵӣȫȥųӷĻǰŮˣǰǵǡȴǱɴɱҲŹԼ
¡
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ҵţ£Ҹûꡣ
ξٱ¶Գӷһӷ֪鷳ˣͷ޷ڵһʱξٱ£ˣ֮ǵ飬һǸ鷳
λٲ׷ĻɾҪˡҽ㣬ǵķȥ׷ɣ˼ȻѾǵΧ֮ڣĿ꣬ǡڼȻѾˣҸұ֤ͣҲһڸ
ͷĻȥ̫࣬˵СֵܣлˡоȲ˵лúдһ
ðɣ;ǰ㲻֪ѱ˵ˣڻ˵Ҫдͣⶼʲôʲôѽ
ȻҪдԼӷȻҲ˵ҸպҲҪȥ漸ģȻ⣬ǵҵǺһŰݷá
Űݷá
ֱӾȥݷڵ֮һַӦòİɡ
嵽ǣҪɽȴɽֻǴɽм侭ˣҪĵطмСȫȫɽ֮ġ
ӷסһϣ˵ڶҪǰʱڷЩˣȻۼĳڣϰŮҲ֪
춼Ѿˣû˶ˣ໥֮䣬Ҳ˵һԵսѰɡ
Сֵܣȥǵ𣿡
ϰʵ
ǵġ֪λ
ҲȥġеǻؼңеȥѣĸŮȥġ
ܾ꣬ͿЩɣĶҲҪеģԣϰĸŮÿһʱ䣬ȥһˣ
ȻȥǵģҲĻҾ͸һɣǵһǣҲʶ·
ϰʵСֵܣȥǿѣʲô
ǿѰɣǸѣҲʶ
ʶѣʲôѡ
ϰЦһҲʲôӷˣֲǵһμÿһ˶ԼܣϰҲӲȥʡ
һʱ䣬峿ɽС򣬳ӷһȺˣһ޴ĳǽ֮£һ·ʲô鶼ûзӷĻȽ٣˵ĻȽ϶ࡣ
ǽ֮£һȴǳģҲкܶڽˣҪſڵʿʣĶ
ӷ̧ͷųǽ֣ĵǣ֮ˡ


1550 
ߵſڣΪϰȫǵˣϴǵı־ҪȥֻҪʼOKˣ˳ӷһˣͷǳ鷳
Ǹǲͬû֮ܵ£ǲ˽ģһ֣Ǿͻᵱɼϸһɱ֮
ǣﻶӭһе˿ڣ˭Խ룬ֻҪ㲻ڳ£ǲôģ㵱ɿӴַΪ˺üȴΣϾΪȽϸߵĿˣȥЩԷסʲôģһǮȫǳеһеķáЩΪߵģͨˣҪԼĽǮȥˡ
ӷ罫еȫս˲񷶦ֻҪͷų˭ӷΪ
ûκεͷȥһǿͷҲֻЩǿߣŲὫʲô֮Ķܵʲôطһɡ
һʲôһΪˣھſʱȻóſڵʿʮֵľ񣬱ϾǸİǶԼǵ⣬֪᲻мϸ
Сӣ־
һʿԳӷ
֣㵱ҪͶѽ
ӷûֵϰߣ˵ҵ֣˵پ;ٵ𡣡
ѽСӣ治С˵Ǵʲôطģ
ʲôطģ
㣬ӷһʱ仹治֪ôشڵ磬ӷ˵һطǴ½ҲôطѣֻҪ˵ˣǾͱǡ
ʲôطûĺΪҡ
ĺΪң
ʿ⻰ȫӣҲֱ
֣
ǴͷʿֱʵóӷеĪ
Լֻ˵ԼĺΪңҲû˵ԼǸʲôѽЩһôֱ˵Լء
һ룬ֻЩ֣ŻĺΪҵİɣǴ½ϣҲְֻҵŻܵǵ𾴣Щǿߣ볬ǿ߲ͬϾֵĹǿԸܶ˴óģϾõһŸ߼ħǾͿΪҩЩҩ˶õģҩʦ֮⣬֣Ǵ½ܻӭˡ
ȻһôõĽڣҲ˳ĻǾ̫ˡ
ĵʱԶѡ
ֻ˵ԣû˵ǴħޣҪô룬Լ⡣
ͷʿ´һ³ӷ磬һΪô֣ǰֵĻ˵һǿѽֻǿߣܳΪ֣ҲֻǿߵΪԼЩ˿ġ
Χˣȫųӷ磬֣ȸ߶˵ְҵκ˼ˣҪ֣ҲΪʲôãǰİڣֻһΪ֪ˡ
Ȼ֣ǸղŻ£Ͼ½ϵľƣӦúҲǷ°ˡ
û£ȻǵĹǾӦá˵ǶԴ˿ڣǳһȻ괫
ӷ⻰ɲǼٵģ뿪֮⣬Ǿͽߵȫ˳ӷ磬ǵһЩ磬ӷ绹Ǻġ
Ǹ¾ɣֻ֮Ҫһ£ͻ˸㣬סʲôطǳרΪ׼ġ
ȫΪӲûκεãǸԼҵݣҲܶǿߣҪǿ֡
ιֵܣһ¡
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СӣҪǵļܽǡ
磬Ҹǰλһġ
һģ
ӷ⻰תһ

ûи
һƷǳ꣬˳ӷǰӷ翴꣬ĳ嶯
һİ£һӣ濴һĴ磬ȴСϻԴЩ֬ˮ۵ĲʣЩʿȴûȥע̫ࡣ
㡭
ҲǸһֵܡ
ֵܣֵѽʲôʱһֵܡ
㻹а취
ӷ̾˿
ǣҲʲôˣΪһͷץסõСǾͱ˦ˡ
ξٱ£һȻаŮװֱӾͳſڡ
ʲô
ҲûʲôⲻǸһɽˮһĺΪҵģò˰ɣ
ξٱ¸ղſȫˣӷ˵㲻ֵ֮Ļξٱ¾Ҫܾˣ£λǸһ𣿡ʿʵ
ӷѽɲܻûǣ
šǰɡ
Ȼˣλǰɡ
ξٱЦŶʿ˵лˣ硣
֮ǲͬǣһƬɫȴɽˮ֮ɫееķݣȫľɵģȴǷǳ̣Щľǧģûʸݵġ
ֵкܶ࣬˵ͨ˴ÿһֵͨʲôطӷڻ̫
ֱкܶˣҲкܶˣҲΪͬ˷·ûŬֻҪʱ䣬תתȥҲһֶصɣȷԼܽһõ״̬


1551 
ŸֵܵĴȻһ
Ҳ֪ǲǳſڵʿѾϢǣӷξٱµһҷ֮󣬾˽ӴˣԷȾƣ뵽һʮֺĴͽ֮ڣ˵һǼľƵ꣬һǱ͵֣סˣȫǵģߣӷξٱ¸һΪӡססÿһˣΪ׵ģʥƷľ磬ЩȫԴ½أȴκһÿһˣһСıԺڱԺṩҪһС
ӣҲôĲ٣Ƕȥ£һЩǿߵġ
顭
ӵ˴ųӷξٱǰסıԺʱͻȻһըóӷξٱͬʱֹͣ˽Ų
ĹԱȴһ̬ܲȣ˵λˣ벻Ҫںղһλҩʦҩը˵ʧˡ
ҩʦ
û뵽ǣȻҩʦ¿ɺˣӷҲҩѽ˵Եҩڻҩ½ϵҩʦӦûʲô
Ǵ½üˣӷֻŹЩҩʦʦ֮ȴҲֻһѣû뵽ǣԼһҩʦ
ϼһû£鷳㲻ҪˡƲҩĴҸ㣬ŵǵĲˡ
һȽϲϵŮ𣬺ԣһ͵ţŽжԷϼһҩʦҲһһ͡
̫ţϷϷҩĶҩǾˮˮϷǰСеģ˱ĶҩϷɴ
ѽϲģ鷳ǰɣ
ѵϷ㲻ɡ
¡
һƬ𶯣סˣӷξٱҲ̳򶷵ĵطȥ
һԺУƶѾϰߣš
ڣָˣҲ֪Ҫֵѽ
ԺģȻǳӷξٱ£סˣÿһ˶Ǽֲֵӣֳ棬һҲǱſϷ顣
νڣƺʲô˼ӷȻ֪Ҳ˵ߣǷɼͿĴڣеˡ
λˣΪǽһ°ɡλǰһλҩʦ࣬һλǶҩʦ졣ǷޣͬʱҲá
ۡ
ӷƣⶼʲôʲôѽϵǲ̫˵㡣
ǷޣõģձAV
ӷⲻмı飬ξٱ˵̫ˡλǰȻãȴ׵ģ֮ûκεѪԴϵֻΪСʱ򣬱½ϵĵһҩʦħŻΪõġǶʮ꣬Ϊ˷ޣͬʱҲúħǰ洫һҩʦ֮ƣһԶҩʦ֮ƣʵҩҩ֮䣬ִźܶ๲ͬ㣬໥ϵĻǾϴ½õҩǿĶҩֻϧѽ
һ룬ξٱû˵ȥˡ
Щ½ϵ£ӷ绹ȤΪڴ½ǰҲһźܶģЩܵѾʧˣҲֻϵˡ
ϧʲô
̲סЩĹ£ӷ粻òʵ
Ա˵ֻϧħǰʮǰͻȻʧ٣ڻɣħǰǲǱԷģΪģǵõħǰдµһţֻҪõħǰдͿԳΪ½ϵһҩʦҲƳǿҩǿĶҩʮǰһԭҪķޣ˵ˣһֱڡ
ǿҩǿĶҩôҩҩǿأ
Ա˵ǼǰλҩҩûкħǰҲѾǿˡɽ˲ųһ˻ˡԴӰ͹ӺճλǰҲвסˣÿ춼µҩҩȴһһεʧܡ
ӷξٱͬʱЦһϼһȻΪеƴѽ
϶ַҪÿ
̫ţаɡ
ۿϾҪˣڳûȥֹҲûֹˣΪ£Ƿ֮飬ˣ˭ֻȥѽ
ʱ棬߽һ׵ˣο࣬һǽ
ͷôпѽǲүʲôԸ
ԱͷҲˣǰӭӡ
죬ȫֹ֣ͣڳÿһ˼ͷĵǷǳǰʺãӣЩ˵ҪǸҪĶ࣬Ҳ˵ӣʵǳġ
ͷԹԱЦЦļǰˣЦλǰֻһѵģϣûŵλǰľޡ
ȥ࣬һ£ݣдȦһ֪ڶ֮еǰ˵ͷ̫ˣЩǾޣǿʳṩӸ壬һңдŲŵġ
ǰˣⶼӦġ
֪ͷ˭ģ
ͷɨһۣ˳ӷֱǰЦСֵܣû뵽ôͼˡ
һȻҳӷģϢͨӷһǣ֪ˡ
ξٱתŮװҲ±ͷϳǣһˣʲôˣͷҪץҲûطûˣ


1552 һ
ӷ粻ɵһЦͷǸ˵㻰ʱ˵ҪӴӷ磬ڳӷһǣ͸˹
ʵӷҲûͷκæ֮ǳͷ˳ӷһѣξٱ¸֧ˣûɹڳӷ翴Ҳһ°ɡ
ڿԿ϶ǣͷǸӣжߵ·ԳУӲʲôСۣͷȴȽϼ򵥣ȻҪץ˾ǰû֡
ȻͷôӷҲøɫѽǳҲǳӶѹҪԷģûʼ֮ǰܸùϵǶ٣ܸԼһôɡ
ͷ˵ѽոսǣ˹
ͷЦʵҲǸ˵һλǣҪݷһ£ϣСֵܾȻǸսǵ֡
֣
˻һڣܶˣΪ֮һرȥͱȽϴˣ໥֮ȿһۣ֮ͬʱӷ硣
ھǴ½ϣְҵҲ٣Գӷ˵֣Ͳڣʲôʱðһ֣ΪͬеģҲû˵ѽ
ԣڣ֣໥һ۵ˣ֣ȴǺֻܶ࣬Ҫһ֣ǳ巽棬˹ʺģ
ʲôֲֵģֻһͨ˰ˡ
Сֵܣ̫ǫˡ½˭֪ʸΪֵģǱضλǿ֮ˡҵΪȻСֵΪһôľ磬Ҳ˵СֵܵΪٱҸ𡣡
ͷΪҲѽʥƷľ磬˵߳ǾʥƷľˣʥ۷壬ֻһ֮ңˣ
½ʲôʱһ֣ôδ˵
ղ໥Уһվ˳
ӷתȻ䣬һǿԼѹ˹
ǿ󣬽Χܶˣ˼ͷҲˣǺ죬мƱȽϵļһ֮⣬ˣ޲˵ġɳӷȴһҲûԭأ⳯Լˡ
֪кָ̣
Ȼ˶ѾӣҲûҪʲôˣԼһͨˣǲãҲûȥӽˡ
Ϊ֮һû뵽ԼȻǰ𲻵κãڳʥ۷ǿ֮⣬ûֵܵסԼģӷȴֵסˣѵΪͷ˵ǰ
ֽʮ꣬ڴ½ϵ֣ʮСģҲʮˣǻһǵһͽ֣֮⣬½ÿһֵͣʮϣСӣǴðģ
˵ͽ֣ڰǵģɣˡ
ӷ绹治֪ȻǴ½Сģӣ˶Լݣɡ
ܴһеĻǿҲܻˡΪһ֣ںģ͵ĴС˵һ㣬ΪҲǺҪֻҪɱħޣΪҪġ
Сӣǲ̫ˡΪɱħޣ
ɱħ޸ɱһģģΪʵ֮⣬ӣҲҪ
ӣ֪С˵һ֣ݽģ
ӷЦһϣ¶һ΢ɭЦݣУһźɫӹڵأҳ˿ٵȥƶ˵Χʱһźɫ֩ʾ˵ϣ֮ǰһУڳûκһ˷ˡ
磬Ҫɱ㣬ĻᶼûС
仰ǵڳ˵˵ģҪɱ㣬ĻᶼûСǺεȵš
СӣǴԲѽҵ뿴㡭ʲôⲻܣ
˸ҪҪѵһ³ӷ磬ȴûҪɱӷ磬Ͼǣǳĵ̣㲻ɮ棬ҲҪġɲϣ֣˷Լ壬ˣ˵ԼĽţǸΪһƵģҪƶһܡ
޷£˵ǽѵˣһֻͼħޣԸв
Ȼӷ飬ԴɵӰϾƵģһССķҪһԴ߶ԭأҲʮѣҲ˵ڶԷѳ֮ǰӷҪԼҸ̨£ջ
ͷҪֹôÿһˣǳĿˣ֮ìܣǾǳ崦ɵˣȻۡ
ɲȳͷֹһˣѾ˳ٶ֮죬ڳû˸ϵϡ
СӣҲ̫˵ɡ
ӷȻһתҪѾ̫ˣڶˣѾ˳ӷǰ
һֻ֡
ͷ²룬ڶ˿˵ĳĵġ
ǰ¡

ͷоֻǰһͻأĿ꣬ʧǰһϢоˣȫȫ׵׵ʧˣ
أ
СӣˣϢʧˡ
ѵͲ𣿡
˶ӷϢ˲ʧģǿǼδδѽ


1553 
˵ӵЩˣǻ˳ǿߣһĻǰʱš
һҪʧ˵ǰǼѵ飬ֻҪٶȹ죬Ϳʱʧ
ʧˣڶʱ֮ڣϢҲǻģӷһʧȻһϢоˣǺεȵĹ졣
ͷԭת˼ȦղŻĳӷʧԼĵطÿܵ˺ǳһӰ죬ڣӷ粢û£û£Ӱˡ
Сֵܣʲôطɣղֻһѡ
ͷȻ˵һᣬϾǳӷ绹оˣֻҪסӣһУǳе
᣿ĻǾͲ˳ˡˣƽʱȽϵ͵óֵʱ򣬾Բ顣
ͬʱһǵصѹӾͷϮ
ӷϴν񷶦ʱõԴĿǰΪֹûùȶѧ˼õģʱһǰʩչԴʩչ»ᱻ˲µԼݣԣ֮£ӷֻµԴˡ
ƽӡ
ϷһѪֱӳѹѪʱγһƽɵѹͬһ޴ɽѹϰ㣬ˣֱӳȥͷڵϣ壬ȫ˵¡
ӷ粻֪ʱվ˾ͷǰûһֻвͷϣԴϾⲻභ֮ҲûκεĶԹǿߺܶ࣬˵ΪԼãԣӷ粻ˣһߣպ
ɾ㲻֣ϣҲҪþ֪Լ֣һ֣Ǿûκα˺ռ֮䣬ܽɱ
˵һѵĲữȥͷ壬лһ𣿡
£˶ˣǳ׻֡
ͷųһ亹治֪ӷ᲻˵ȥˣǾ鷳ˡ
СֵܣһϢŭ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ͷģҲǸСˡֻǿЦˣλûʲôڣǲ˺ǵġ
顣
ӷ絥һ̤أʱһ𶯣壬ӵ¸
СֵܹȻΪز¶ѽ
ͷǰǷס˾ͬʱӷҲѾջأһˣҲѾԶˡ
ʱõĲãһӲͽˣסˣӷõĲֶΣʵȻʵУ٣û񷶦Ļûв񷶦еԴĻӷҪԱΪȥȫˣǳѪŰĵ
СйģϷôһͣδޣʲôˣ
վһôǣھͷ·γһսƵģҪ֪ոӵĳӷ磬Ǵðġ
˵ӷ֣ѵ˻Сôʵ˭˵һ仰
̾˿ֶ꣬ɱĸ߼ħҲ٣ȴٸ˽ֹУû뵽ѵһ˶֣ȻǲҰܵ³
СֵܹȻǿ֣Ӧ񼶵ˣŷ½һУҲֻаǵͣƥˣ
ξٱԱ˵ʲôλֵֶܵΣԶԶǸ֮ϡ
ðɣɣ;ɣҰ֮ÿġ
ӷڿɲɵԱݣֻǿЦһŮ˵ļ仰αظһʶء
λˣ˵ҵͻСܶණҪλѧϰԺҶסӣָ̲Ŷԡ
ǿӷֳģָо˾ú
ÿһ˶ģԼһ֮󣬲ܺôǿ󣬶ϣԼأӷڵһ仰Ƕ˵أÿһ˵֮ǰųԾţҲʱʧˡ
СֵܣȾơߣһȡ
ǰһִ˳ӷļϣǸƵġ
ͷ˵λǰ
ӷȥԷģȻڶѾˣͷҲÿ
ͷûµĻ͸һȥȾưɡ
Ⱦеʱ䣬죬һܺõӡ
죿ˣͷֻλСֵܡˣڣ֪Сֵܸմأʵ
ӷһ£ͲãգϵĶ̫࣬ҲãʲôûҪ鷳
շ磬һ֡
ԭǷֵܣӽ쿪ʼǾֵˣӵֵܣһˡ
ξٱԱ߸һܲм񣬺˵װͼװأǴռ˵ıˣЩѽе˼
ˣͷӣΪ˺£
ȷͷɲΪӷģͬʱҲҪӵˣҲǽ룬졣
ʵҲû£ֻλȥһǳ壬ȼưˡ
졭ѽԣˣүӵٳˡûǴĻүӦʮٰɣ
ǵģǴҼүӣλģŵλǰʵڹⲻȥ
ͷ˵ʲôǾޣүӵĶңүÿĴ٣ǶҪμӵģ֮⣬ĳЩļһÿҲҪܵѵ꣬⡣
͵ȴλǰĴˡ
ˣǶ֪ˡͷ¾æȥɣϷСֵġ
ʱ߳˵˵꣬ӷ硣
ӷӺУһ⣬֪ϼһʲô
ȻˣǷֵܣҾˣԸλǰдд衣
Ǻãͷæɡ


1554 ̽
ͷ뿪󣬳ӷ˽ӡ
סʮˣȻ࣬ÿһ˵Ϊ׵ҲʥƷľ磬ʥ۷徳ҲֻǱſڣֻҪҵͻƵ㣬Ϳ̵ʥ۷徳硣
ʮˣȥӷ֮ǰѾ֪˵ĸˣ࣬򸾣֮⣬ھûиһĴˣҲ˵򸾸ּ˵ְҵΪ߹
Ȼסȫǿߣ֮Ҳֻкᣬ֮䣬ȴദıȽϺģδ̫ĳͻǶ֣Ҳǵ㵽Ϊֹд衣
ȻȻˣǶŲͬԸڵЩˣԸ񶼲ͬˣǱȽϸ߰ģΪҩʦʲôǰԵı˸һȵļӡͱȽϹƧ˸֮⣬˵ģҲû˸ȥ˵Ͼҩʦɲ˭ǵأһСʱСôĶ֪
ӷͲҪȥ⺣򸾣˵ҩԼҲƣΪв񷶦ĹϵƳҩһȺҪõĶࡣ͸˵ˣڹѸ޽Ķӷ綼ֱӸʧҴ洢ΪʿãʣʲôǿԶԳӷ˺ġ
ϣӷǼԹ˼ƣҲûȥξٱˣѾͷûӳ˶֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
ԱˣҲˣҲȫȥˣӷһˣĴתš
ÿһˣΪ׵ΪʲôѡǶȥЩǿһ£㣬ӷʵ벻ʹ
Կ϶һǣڵÿһˣǰһҲǵЩˣԼıΪľǲȥķе㣬ӿޣԼΪԼľٳȥһˡ
ô˾ô뷨Щӷ綼ȥܣԵĻڵˣΪԼãһ˶ԼвĻӷѪϴǣҲضҪӵͳͳĨɱ
Сӣұ֤Сûˡ
첻֪ʲôطð˳˳ӷǰһʯϡ
ӷֹͣ½Ų⻰ѾˣԼ˶
ӷ緢һ֮ԴαԼȫ֣Լ˶Լĵﴦһɲ֪ĳȣɢ
ֶӷǾԲģ˵ʮҲ߸㿴
죬ӷҪŲͻȻ֣ԼﴦֳȣȻ֮䣬һֱ
ȽϣһôĶȻ֮仯ģ죬Ƕеѽ
Сӣ㲻Ļϸ㵽ʲôˣ
ӣڣû˻ɳӷݣһ֣Ѿÿһˣʣӷ꣬ôܲɵġ
λǰ㿴һʲôأ
ӷ粻ΪжĹϵţȻˣŵĻð亹ҲǺĿ֮죬Ҵˡ
ı죬ȻЦĳ㻹ǸСѽ
죿
ȡĲֻϧֶһ˶
ǰˡϣֻҪˣģЩڿ˵ԼˣҲųҪųҵȻųеų򣬵ҲǺġϾֻһˣǾõĺڰ˿֡
վųӷ磬ͣڳӷϴţ·ҪӳӷϿʲôȴ
˵Ļͣպóɷȡ˵˵ĳֻȻ˵ˣȻ̵ᣬû޾ɣˣҲܿ͸Щ
ǰˡֻǸͨ˰ˣǰЩǿ˵ʵкܶطһ㣬кܶطǱǿһġ
ӷûǫ飬Ҳûй֣ôģôģ
ܺáСӣӦʶǵͰɣ
ǣͣ
ӷ˵ͷȻҡҡͷ˵ǰãӦӦʶأ
ǴǧͣҲ֪ˣǲܶðգܵģԣԲ͡
˵;Ͳһܵġܣ뷨ʹĳӷ绹һܹɣһˣǶỳңǴһ˹ݣͻ̱ع⡣
ǰûµĻһ뵽ڵߡ
˵꣬ӷתͳſȥ
źǰӷ߳ӣ죬
̫ţ˰ɣСӣûĶ˵֮ʱѾнˡ
࿴ڸˣȻֵ˼ʱ
ûжⶾ
ʲô˵û¶
ˣûС
ʲô˼
˼ǣҵĶСӣã
ܣǳǿ߶첻£Сôܰĵ
ǲ֪ϼһ֪ĻҸᣬԼȥʰɡ˵ǰ棬ҪҵˣĻͱˡ
̫ţ㵱ֻҪҴϷͬҪҡСϷҪˣǾͷѪϷҲøġ
Ǿưɣ˭
ơ
ԷתԶԷظȥˡ


1555 ҹϮ1
ҹǵǸǲֵ࣬ϣҲһӰģȫصԼļУее˯ֻҪڲر飬ǲܳġ
ûν¥㵹ǱȽϴģĳУ¥ЩطȻǰҲһ¥ѣڣ˸С֣İģ
ӷû˵Ľϣͣţͺɢ㣬Ҳڱɢڵҹ
ڳӷĲԶӰһֱųӷ磬ڳӷ߳ʱ͸ţֱڣҲûȥ
ӣСӦֻɢѣû̫顣
ѾˣתһҲûȥˣǲȥүӻ㱨һ¡
ţȥүӻ㱨Ӱɣɲܱӵ˷֣ڼǡ
ˣҲӵĹԱ
˵ĻѾˣڵˣȫţҲӵ֪֪£ٿ֤ӵЩǿߣ廹ġ
ϿǰĺãҲɵϣӵЩˣõģ֮ǰҲڳּǳвĴѽ
ļҲЩ˿˵үӣҲֻϺ֪꣬һ˲ɣ˲õӷ磬պ෴
ȻĳЩ˵һЩˣֶЩɵĻҲ˵ԼһĶûС
ӷԼģ˵ӷδôˣ˵ӷֻҪģãǳӷ綮İôˣŵôλȥˣһĵطһ𡣺ñȵ磬ŵĺһֱһһʺĹҲõġ
ٳӷѾȥˣӷͣ½Ųתӵķ򣬲ɵһЦ˵̫˰ɣţҲ٣治֪ӵˣûʲô뷨
ȫǿߣֻҪ˸ˣ᲻֪
Ҳʲô£ӵ˶ڳĻˣᵽڻס
ѽ뷨ˡ
ν˵زүүڳ壬ʧܴˣ治֪Ǹνүӣôġ
ʱˣɡ
תһӣӷһСӱߡ
Сһ֮ϣһʮˣϴʮãͷҲǳң·һȳһյģȻǸлӣһҪġ
лһȳһӷǰ¹ȴӷһַסˡ
ڵӪЩڿ⡣
л˵ӣôôˣ
ʱ䲻˷ѣÿ첻죬߾ͻҡ
ڳſڵʱ¾ͼӽǣ浱һû뵽ӻһˣܵ
һͻȻϮǺܺ𡣡
ѽһ벻͹ӣѾˡЩһﶼΪѾսʳ˴ء
ˣҪ˵Щˡһô֣
ŹѾ֪һ㡣ǣΪһΪ壬һΪ塣֮ͬģ໥֮Ҳ
ЩҶ֪ˣ֪ǣǵγǸʲô
˵ĳֱǸܡ½κӣ½ңǵĵһģ̳м塣Դ½κӵĸ½κӾͱǸסˣ½κԺɫ֬۵УϵȨҸƽˡ
½κӣ˲Ϊô
ΪԣʥƷ磬ֻĶ֪ⷽϣΪǴʥ۷徳˵Ʒġ
Ϊˣ
ʲôЦ㲻Ҳֹֻͣǰѽôᵹء
ʥ۷嵹˵ʥƷ㲻˰ɣ
㣬Ҳ˴ŵģǲģҲ޷ӴǵĺĵУ̫ȷ
Ǹ½κӣ󣿡
Ӧø࣬ʮͷ
ʮͷ
ǽʮͷΪڳӷ֮ϣ츳ѾǺˣξ֮⣬Ǵ½ϵһУҳ츳˸ߵ
ӣҸȥһǸ½κӣһôˡ
롭
ҹϮ½κӵжٽͬʱҲҵķӦ
л˵ǹҪСһ㣬סĵطǺϵģǰǣҪʮҲ½κΪ˱صǰġ
£½κӻǾǴ½ϵһѽ
⣬ӣǳҹİʮ٣˵ÿʱ壬԰Ϊȥ嵷ҵġ
ҲѾ֪ˣҲӵһȥպÿҶڽϵ飬ô̬ȡˣ°ɡסڵӪСġ
лӹģ¾ȸˡ


1556 ҹϮ2
һҲľĽһλԱߣҲ˵һ֮ϣ궼׵磬µĵطͬʱҲΣգȴȫĵط
ҪΪµΰҪͨüʿĿأһҪһĲȥͻᱻ׵УͲöˡһǽ˹УǾͻܰȫϾѹ֮أľӣҪȥҲǼ׵顣
ӷ½£һƬ׵ƣвϵ׵µΧȴǲڹ֮С
䲻˵֮ͨߣҲźü׵ĸ߶ȣȥһᱻΧʿֵģȥֻᱻ׵Уӣ½κӻ治һΪԼİȫѡһĵطס
Ȼ½κ֮ǰסĵطֻǳзǳ֮ͨǺҲֻһذˣ½κһȴסĵطϣ֪ϵĹķ˶ĲŽɹġ
ǿȥ²̫ܣڳӷв񷶦Ƚ񷶦֮ڣٴӲ񷶦ڳȥҪȥĵطɳӷ˵˲㡣
ȴû̫󹬣Ϊ½κӵĺɫѾ˳ӷһٶţÿ춼ٶųһ˯һ治ף½κǲ춼Ҫ׳ҩģٶţôĹѽ
ڹ֮ڣҲǸսŵĵطһأڣʮò绨Ůƫƫ裬ǰһ꣬һľ֮ϣϴıȽϷŵ·ǻȴ¶ţŮֻϣһιˮԱߣʮʮŮ໥֮ںȾơ
һĻейʷϵλѽƳ֣һ׷
Ǻһɡ
ԱŮǰÿһŮϵѶʱһסļ磬һԱš
ãȣǽϺȸʹ졣
һڽһڣˣǿ곤ıȽ㣬ǵγ½κӡ
½κӽʮ꣬ʮ꣬ͽεĳ֮λ˵һͯڵģҲѹΪʲôǣȨˣûһȨ֣ʣССͣʮ꣬û˸֮£մȨˣһǻġ
ʵ˵ʵڵ˵½κܻ죬ѾܲˣǳҹҪЮĻ½κҲûڵļֵˡ
⹬ŮУһӣȻǼҲͲȫͬһŮˣһͿƱڳŮ˶ŮˣҲЩŮгͻһŮȴѡ
ʱѾˣ㻹Ϣɡ
ΨһͻŮˣȻǸͨŮˣŮˣٶеΪģ
ΪһͨŮˣȻ½κӵŮˣͻƽŮˣȴѣ½κ˵Ůˣȴûһ˵ĵģɼŮˣеر
ѵÿһ£ͱˣԼȥϢɡ
½κӲûΪǸŮɨ˶ŭǺܿĶŮ˵
Ůûֻ֣ǳһΪͨļͥСʱ򣬾͸½κһҲ˵Ůˣչ½κӳģˣŮ˽
ˣǳҹİʮ١ҲܳһôĴڣΪģˣһĶԼãڵ˵лǳ壬һΪǹǵİȫģԴ˶
½κӽеľƱ£ߵļŮȫƿ˵ѽ㲻ңҶˡλŮǳҹİʮ٣Ҷ˵˵Ҹ͵ʲôأ
ڳеŮû˵ţ·ѾˣҲʮעǼͻȻ֮ѵŮˡ
ЩѵŮУ˵ڹײİɡ
ѽ͸հɡ
˵ʲôأҪգҲɳѽ㵱ҹĶˡ
ॡ
һŽԵһߵ͵ǰָŸղ˵Ůˣʵʲô˼
ŮǸԴߣΪףҪɱһͨˣ͸ֻôףǰȴҷǺ¡
㣬һʱʧˣԲ𡣡
ҼˣȾƿԣҲԣ˵˲˵ĻҪ
ǣԺҲˡ
½κӿ̾һ˵ˣ˵˵ʲô
ǳģȥˣǸõҪͱ𡣡
ѽȥˣѵҪͱĶѾˡ
ǴҾϢɡ
ȫɢ½κӸȴû뿪һʱſʼȾơ
ôȥǣ
½κЦһ˵˯һѾľˡ
һܣǲǻûľ
Ǻܺ٣ǲҡ
Ұҵһת
Ŷ˵˵
ǣ͡
Ҹ
ȺٷضȨͬʱ°ǡ
𣿡
ǰܣڶ˵ʳ˴֣ǣӦû˼Ͱɡ
˼ǣðͣһȥ壬ó֪ѾԼ
û
⣬ÿζãҲΪ㣬ҲܻڡͰ˼ɣǣʲôˣðأ
ͰҺˡɡ
һ棬µŮ˹꿴е
λǡ
Ҹһ¡λξټξٱ´С㡣
½κȻ˵˵˭
ýţξټ壬͸ϵξٴСպǣղŵļƻҲҸһġ
ξٱ¿½ˡ
½κǿЦһ˵ҵģֻǳˡξٴС㣬Ҫð͵Ļ²̫ɡ
½ģͣʶ飬Ҳǳ½͸õˣС㣬õݸֻҪҴһ£һġ
Ȼˣ鷳ξٴСˣպضȨ֮󣬶ξټһˡ
ԺԺ˵ɣҲżǵģܰĵ½ȫԸ
治֪ǸôĽɫΪһͨˣ½κô꣬һξټϵξٱ¸յǣֱǶһΣ֪ġ
˿Ѿǰҹˣʿպûڣ½κоһ飬ͻȻһ󾢷磬˽
ʲôˣ
ξٱµһʱ䷴Ӧ½κӣӦͨˣȲϡ

ӷѾ˹Χղ˵Ļӷĺ
յŮˣȻðңǺҪģǸƻ
ڽͻϮһ£½κӵһôĽɫȻ췢飬ԼͷԵģ


1557 ҹϮ3
Ѫͻ֣ͬһѴ̵㣬ֱ½κӡ
½κҲ֪ǺȶˣŮ˶ĹϵԵĻһ˵ϣһֻסԼŵغˣˡд̿ͣ
ʥƷǿߣѵɱỹ֣Ҳκεķһľ֪ˣȵСʸǵĳ
ӷ粢ûȻ½κӶѾųˣı֣Ҳ̫װģԼĿģҲʹﵽˡ
ֻڳŮˣǵĺúýѵһٲɣҪȻǻ浱Լܺðˡ
յŮˣȻߣѽ
ӷһξٱ֪˶ԷݣȴֱӵƳӷݡ
ˣξٱγĿģҳӷģҪӳӷõҩȥĸסξٱҲ֪ԳӷԸ˵ԼŸҪһģֻ͸Լ
С㣬˵󡣡
ǸͨˣòϣŮ˵ĵӣɱĳЩǿҪԳӷͻȻϮǲţһǳ򶨵ӣ˺ʱҲֵʮɣ̣ӲηһС
ξٱڵʱȻ֪ԼǳӷĶ֣ҲԿ϶ӷ첻ɱģݰǵһĻȻǾҪˣӷҲȫ޷ʩļƻ
顣
໥֮һԣӷӰѾʧξٱ¸ǰֱӾ͵ʮһѪ˳
Ļ쵰ģ
ξٱѽսǵʱͱӷһѣڣֱӷˣ˲أҲѽ
ξٱ±ˣҲûȥξٱ¸Ƿʶģվ
ͬʱ֮⣬һȺʿ˽ɲǳ嵽½κߣѾֹסˡ
ȫ¡
еʿηŮˣȥ½κӵ˼һֱӾ˳ȥ
ֵʮɣ˫һȭΧ˵֪Ǻηǿߣһ
û뵽ѽǴ½ϣȻŮˣǲ£Ϊһ֮磬ѷɫ̡
СѾͷ㵨ӻ治СѽȻҽҳѵ治𣿡
ӷΧǼǷֲ˵ġ
ȻǣǾǵĿˡԵĻǷǳԸ³ΪѣϾĴ½ϣһѣܱȶһҪõĶࡣ
ѣʲôʸҳΪѡѵͲ룬ǰǮƣֵ𣿡
¿Ϣ˵أͨĽɫΪҲǼߵġԸʵȻˣȴû̼佫ɱǾ֤µĿģҪǵû´ĻӦֻ̽һǵ½ɣ
û뵽ѽû뵽һͨŮˣȻƾһϢֱ˵˳ӷ˵ĿģŮˣʵڿ¡
ʲô磬ôŮˣһһҪξٱ£ǣŮȵĻֻξٱ£ſԸоһ£ʤ˵׼µǣǸͨˣ㣬ҲΪؼġ
ӷҲɵӣһʲôûеˣӭģ·һֻЩ̵ˣ㹻ʱˣŸ޼ɵԺһСͺñȳӷԼڵʱԼôȥ棬ԼʵΣ٣˿ɵеġ
ˣҹ

˻
ӷȻһתһϦħֱӳߵǽ˹ȥ
ǽϣĸӰӣͻȻɢ˿գ֮䣬ĸλ
Ȼ˱㣬ѹ˵޼ɵֻǲ֪ĸڣû㹻ʵܱ㲻ġ
붯֣ԵķģҲµ㵽ΪֹΪҲ·̫ĳͻӲ˫ˡ
ƾĸˣҲң˵⻰֮ǰǲǸõһĸʵ
˽ֳĸŮˣĸµŮˣңİ̥һģһģͣҪСȫûʮ
İ̥ûӷĻƵģһҲںӷĻֻվԭأ·ûõ֮ǰʲôʲô˵
ӷĹİ̥ĵϸֱһһ˹ȥ
ĸɡס顣
ÿĿ飬⻰Ա˵ξٱ£סʹ࣬Ц˵С㣬ûСһΪˣɲô򵥡
İ̥ӭϻδĳӷʱ˵ξٱߣʵξС⻰ʶƵģ
أ
Ҳ£ղӦǶˣҰ㻹飬ᶯֺġ
̫ˣİ̥˵ʮУͻȫ£ҷȰһ䣬ֻƵĻھͽ£򣬽ٱˡ
ξٱһôˣȻģȻξٱ¶˵Ͳò
ξٴСǾ¥ħ壬˵ۣӣӦáѵǡ
ԼµģҿʲôҲû˵
ãĸϡ
İ̥£Ѿ̫˵ɡ


1558 ϰ壬Ǵ
֮䣬İ̥Ѿȫ˵ϣû˿ĸˣôµģÿһ˵ĲϣһۣѪǵ
ɱԵɱʵ̫Զ֮£ɱԷһ飬ҲǼʲôϡ£˵ǿţߵĻǰ½κӵģͲ壬һֱѹ½κӵͷˣͽǴȨ˻Ҹˡ
ӣе̣ҲĳЩСɫЧǵȴڣ𲻵κõġ
ĸڣȻǺʹģҲζķݱϣ˭㲻֪ߵغģΪĵһأҲǰλǺε
ξٱµĻвµӷݺȻͺˣɺڣһôûеģӷĻڣͿԽŮţҲǸ
ɳӷ粢ûҲû֣ĻصŮˣӷֲûôأĻĳǸıֶΣܽҸĻҲܻڣڵʱѾ˸ˡ
һУӷ̫߹ԼǴ½ϵˣǵ˼룬ǵֶΣǵĻЩһûһȣȻЩһﶼȲϣһں𣬸ûǸҪ
ԭ͹ӴǡȻѾˣβһ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ͣǲð𡣡
͹˵ﻰȻ㱾Ѿˣȥð䣬ǸԼѿ𡣡
һӰֻоȫ飬ëȫ
ɱޱǿɱɱһͨϢ
͹ӣݸλòһͨŮɱְɣ
ɫļΪ԰ףɱܲסͻϢ½κӣȴѾľεĺ棬ͷ¶һ¡
λΪʲôءʥƷľ磬˵ʵ֮ѽ
ɱʱʧӷģԱߣһƣ
л͹ӡ
˵Щ׻ˡλɣֲɱ
˺󼸲ǳСģӷͻȻıע⣬ʱҪ
ûˣɡ
½κʱͷ˳ӷ硣
ǣͣ

ôǵġ㻹˹ˡ
Ǹѽղŵ飬ΪĶû㣬Ѿûˣϸѽ˼͹ӵǣ֪ǵӪȴ޼ɵһĺȾƣ˵ʲô˵˼ѹûνǿ߷
ͼȻѾǣȻͼġȲͼʲô٣˵֮ǰҪݣ¶ǿҲһ֮ѽ
˼ǡ
ȻˣûݣﲻߣǾ˵Ǻ֮ǰðͣԴ˸壬ߣҲѾ˵ơȻѾˣҲûҪȥðˣҲûҪϷˡ
½κǰѾ˼һҪСȴǸѾѻ˵ˣѵ
£ǽʱ½͹ӣ
ϻ
ӷֳڣ½κһˡ
ǰס½κӣ˵͹ӣȻѾˣҲԼݣţǵѾ˰ɣ
һ仰Ҫǣǵ
ĲϻҪʲô˵ʲôʲôǾͽʲôУּۻۣû˵ķݡ
͹ӹȻˬ죬ǵĿģȻҲ֪ġǣϾǵļңǽǸ㣬Ǿ޼ҿɹˡ
ҪģֻǣģҲܡ
͹ӵʲô˼ܲܰѻ˵
ܼ򵥣ϰ壬ǣҴ򹤡Ҳ˵ǵ鴦֮󣬳һһУҪҵģº󷴿ߣ֣ɱ⡣
ãɽ
ɡ
ô׵ľʹӦˣӦôʹ죬㵱ɵˣڴʲôע⣬ѵһῴ
ӷڲѻ˵̫ϾǣΪ½ңѾįˣŶٻеڰɣ͸ǵʱһֻҪе֣ΪõĻҾа취壬
ǣϵĳһ˭֪˵ȨǸҹ㣬û˵ɣ
û
ǳ֪֮⣬ʲô£ʲôˣҲ֪ȰһԶңҲ鵽ˣȴû˵ǵʱɱһͨŮˣҲɱ
͹֪ģʵȫˣһͨСŮˣʲôء
ȻǽȵΪֹ⣬ɱ飬ֶǶ죬ǳҹİʮ٣˵һһ֮ȥ˾ǶԳҹĹҪõġڳ壬ҪһϷⳡϷĵݣҲϣ壬㣬𣿡
ݣʲô
ıߡˣλʲôȥʲôҪðҵĻҲģҪ棬浽ףҪ̯ƣԼ飬㣬ңûκιϵ½κӣ½
½κӷԼ֣˵
ýţֻ㵥Ķѡ
ģ͹ӣʲô
С㣬㲻õģȻѡǺȻͲ˺λ½ˡ
һ£˵ȡ
㡣


1559 Ů
Ǹ˼ǳܵŮˣһðյ飬ȥ֮ǰǲ֪ӷݣΪֻ߳ɱ֣Żӵɳĸڣ̼䱻ӷɱ
ڲһˣȻѾ֪ӷǽʱ½͹ӣʣҲһֱ½κΪʲôֻûĿģ٣½κĿǰǵĳϵĳܱɥ֮ȮҪõĶɡ
֮⣬еʿȫΪĶվʱٷ֮ٵľһڷʲô飬ͻһʱȥǸʱɾ͹ܲ˳ӷʲôˣеʿסӷ磬ҲҪ
ǳ˵ûС
ξٱ·ųʶϸŹڳӷ½κӵĶԻֵǣûˡ
û´ĻӦ֪͵ǳʱѾ˽硣
磿
ⶫ˵ʵӷѹͲᡣ
ܰɣҲҪ̫ˡҶ͵˽⣬Ȼ˵ᶯ֣Ǿһᶯ֡ȻˣҲҪʱģսǵʱұҪвһǵģû뵽һ
˵ξСһλŮ۵Ļͣһٷ֮ٵļ֮ۡڣָ纷۽֮ˣ۳ףָǿҰ֮ˡ۵˼Щ˵ĽթεָԱƷӢۣڼۣܺ⣬һ仰ֳ˵ĿףҲָŪȨȡλˡ
СֻͨһȴͨŮ˼ʶҪ㡣ʵ벻ôľһͨŮˣ˵ļʶ˵ССǳĻһ治̫šȻҲųСıʲôָ㣬Żн㡣Сıʲô˵ĻС㲻ܻһͨˣ㣬˫ӴʱҾ⡣
ξС̫ˡǸսӴʱҾѾ˵ңֻǸͨ˶ѣһУֻΪ½ңԭξС㲻֪
ȷÿһ˶ԼܣҪʲô£ҲԭģԭֻҪԼֵ֪ãѾ㹻ˡղ˵۸ۣ㿴ͣһ𣿲Ҷ룬ҿԺĸ㣬͵ȷǼթ㣬ڰǵʱѾʶˣһ֮ͬʱұģΪյֶΡ°ǣƼƨҷţֺγһλۣ
˵ûͣȷڲͬһ֮⣬ҲһۡҲսϣһɫӢۣ㣬ǵڣûۼ
ӣСģӦһġ
ЦһʵǲͲµˣͣĴػߣ
ңܶˣӦòµˡػߣͣͲͣʲôطֵʲôˣҵڻ֪ˣıĳ飬һ󲻵ġ
ԣһ졣һҪɱ¾½ǾǴ½ǳΪ
˵ĿǰܵģͬʱҲҪһ죬Ϊʸ֮ģҿԱ֤½ĹУĪ
˵ԺѾԶˡڵͣѾ˹ߡõ鱨üѾʼ׼Էˣǵ۶ǣæųǣߣѾɳʹߣȥħǱ̸߽һɹ½򣬾¥֮⣬һ𡣡
һΪģһͰˡ
ûˣԲû´Ļ棬ҲӦ׼˰ɣ
׼ûУγר͵ģֻҪõ㶫棬ҲûʲôɻˡȻʱҪĵһĿ꣬ǰǡ
ͣҲ˵˭°ǣܳΪ֮ףǼĺѽӦòɣ
һ£Ҫ°ǣҪȿħ塣׾ø͵ĹϵҲ֪滹Ǽ٣ģķˣʲôð죬ûħܸͣʲôǼӵģֻҪŰ׾ãųҸף¥ھɷ廨֮⣬Ӧû˻ǰ׾õĶְɣ
Ů˵Żÿһ仰Ҫɱӷġӷ½κӣҲѾӹ˳
½κӳˣǰߵʿҲѾΧɳӷȴڸ߳ʱѾʧˣЩʿӷӶû
û°ɣ
½κӱֳһ̬֮ȣǼһղҪɱҡ
浽˵ЩʲôΪʲôû֣
ʲôû˵һֱңʱгֵĴ㣬ɲ֪Ϊʲôû֣߳ˣ
֣֣ӷ磬


1560 ŷˣӷ
ħ壬ȥ֮⣬˳ǵĴȫˣɰ׾ֱڣҲû¶档
Ŵħʱ䶼ڲǸԵħ޴Ҳûʲôд˳ǴģΪ׵̷ħżȥǴк֮⣬ħǵ˿
λ⼸סĺã
̷ħ߽һɽУ˳ǵĴճ궫
ħħĶζǲһòϣǻܳϰߵġֻǼǰҪݼŮħһ¡
۶ߵĴȻҵˣȴҵһ󽫡
̷ħɵһЦ˵˵ĻλҴ㣬ҲҪȵһǵѽҴҲһһ㣬ǾųˣҲδħĶְɡǰ˳ǣɳˣҴ㣬ǲ̫ûˡ
ħ֮⣬Ůˣ
һģҲûǸʸ񡣵ǰĿģǿ
˳ǵĴ໥һۣ۶ǵĴʵħ˼˵£
ҴѾչˣħ飬ѵ𡣡
ѽ˵ħѽȻô˵ѽ˷ôʱ䡣
Ҳûʹѽ
ħ㶪һ仰˳ǵĴǷŭ
ѾľֻħޣһӶûУڿǹϵ˵飬Ȼ˵û˵Ҳ˵֮Ļ
ȻħǰĿģɴӦ
ӦȻӦˣΪʲôӦءǻȥǸҵӣ˵ħߣʱ׼֧Ԯǡ
֧Ԯǣ
˷ħ˵ģû˵֮ǰˡ
ħеˡǵ۶ǣֻħˣûҪˡǵ۶˵Ǿųǿġǵ۶ˣħ壬ҲԿġ
Сӣ治ĳǷˡ
ĳëߣǽɳǶû˵ء
ɳʲôǣǡ
ৡ

ߵĴδ꣬ͻأһֱӾͻĲӣѪʺ
ɳǵģǾȻɱǵˣ
ҳԣɲ˵
ٷϻ֡
˳ǵĴֱӾɽ̷ħˣ˵֮⣬Ƿֳʤұ̸ɡ
ɽ⣬ΨһŮħЦϴθɵĲɣ
У˵ġ
ѽ㻹Ұˣﻹ㣬ֵĻôɴµ
ˣڲڲֵʱȥ֪ͨ㣬Ѿˡ
Լʱ֮󣬰˳ǵĴѽѷ֣ڣҲδֳʤ
Ѿûٴȥʱһ׹⣬ˣֳߡ
׾ôɽվһʯ֮ϣ˫ۣ˳ǵĴ
ȻڱĵϷһǲǲˡ
˳ǵĴ֮ǰǸ֮⣬׾ó֣ȫȶͬݼŮ
ٸס˵˭µģ
Ůǽɳǵɱ˵ġ
ǵС˵˵ȶ֡
㡭
ȫ졣Щ̣Ϊ֮£ĻǾȸȥֳʤұ
Ȼڰ׾Ѿˣ˵͸˵ˡ
Ůǵ۶ǣҪħˣͬԸ͸ػߣ֪ŮΣ
ŮĳǵĴ½֪ػѾˣһǸһģĳǣҪħһ𽫴ػߣ

˳ǵĴȫ˵Լ⡣
׾˵Ȼǰ˳ǶΪͬһĿĶǾͻȥǳҪˣԣ߱ûУħҪж٣Ӳûյ̣Ҳ˵Ҫˣǰ˳һǣ¥棬鷳ȴãһ¥Ҳ˽ħ壬˳
û˵ˣΪ׾Ѿѻ˵ĺˣҪˣԣǰ˳һˣ֮Уȴܴھ¥Ȼһо̸
ڶ죬ħߵѾԸֲͬķ˰˳ǣһǵĴ뿪ħֱʧˣǵˡ
ڰ˳յϢ֮ȫ룬ҪҪħˣҪĻǾͱȽԼǵһ
۶ǣҡ
ִϣȫ
ϣ׾õ˼Ѿˣڸô
ˡ
Ҫˣ
ǵġˣҪħħ޴ҲˣػߣпͳһųǵġҪͬųǣͱɱЩˣѵǻ᲻ɡ
˵Ҳû߾Ϸǣǵ˼ˡ
šһҪ졣ʳ˴һսİȫû˵ǷҲأҲ˵°õʱİòˣǷ棬ϷƣûذǣˣһѾǣǱҪͷذ֮ǰǸ֮̽ǣһֲ
ϣͬˣ֮䣬Ҫȴһ˭ðˡ
ģ⼸ֲɵӣȻǵ۶Ƕͬˣѵǻ֮𡣺ˣȥ°ɣ棬ҲϢˣѾİǣڰǷڿţֻǵ۶ٰɽʱԴǣǸǸʱ;ͳΪɥ֮Ȯû·ˡ
Ⱥɫ˱䣬ҪǣǼȥ򣬳ӷ粻ڰ֮£û⡣ˣɣɻڰأҲ˵ڹ֮ǰҪȾȳɣΪһսףκλˡ
Ǵ½ķսƵһʷǰľ棡


1561 ǿ
¥ûھ¥֮ϣûҲб飬Եеء
۶ǼѾħˣ
ھʮǿʵ¥䲻࣬ÿһĳԱȫǳǿߣҲ˵һˣһǧʵһ֮гǵκһС
صǰ˵мλãشǵġ¥Ŀǰûκ˿Ա֤׾øǷķˣɵ۶ǼȴȥħԵ۶ǵĳ˵Ӧòɵ£оԵİգ֤׾ø֮ĿǰĹϵ
ѽ˳ǵĳǵ֮⣬Ƕɵӣڲܿ϶׾øӷǷ淭֮ǰȥħˣԸӷ֪ĴػߣǲǰԼͷѺ
ɼȻһǴˣΪʲôִأ
ӣ˳Ҳ಻סˣðôգȥħˣ˵͵ҰѾױ¶˳˳ưԴ½ҰģҲȫչ¶˳û´Ļħˣֻǰ˳ҵһڰˣʱħ˳ǶںģںģԼ֮Ԯ᲻ἰʱϵ
¥˳ǰ׾ѽ
ֻӣƭˡѵ׾þͲ֪ڰ˳ȥħ֮ǰ໥֮䣬һѾˡ˳֮ҲһͬǾǣڹʱһܵһʱ°ǣ֮סһػһǲ£ǼĿ꣬תƵ˭ϣ
Ŀǰ½֪ӷ͹ӣҲ֪͹ӵıǴػߣԲŻὫġ
һ͸ػ߱ˣ֮䣬ֻᷢʲôأ໥֮俪սǰȫ֮ٿսߵ˵ѾȶΨһˣƴȨûκһ˸ȥģǽһôƣ
Ҿ¥򣬾壬Ϊ˵ĿˡȻΪħ̫󣬷۴½޴ڣϸħˣħ壬ҪԸˡ
¥ӣǰ˳֮Ұģɲһѽ
ˣǰ˳ǣ׼ȷ˵ӦǾųǲŶԡڵİͣڰڵǼϼһһѾ˳ϵˣֻȰ˳ǹʱļһӦϣǱƣȻǹ˳ǵ֮УųˣԴ½
ǹ˵ɾǾųˣǾųУмǿǾ¥Կģһ۶ΪҲͳװˣһֻзΪҲû硣Ǿ¥ڳˣһȥԸһǣͿԽǴĽڽڰˡ
ھվɵĴЦһ˵ųУûһǿĴǲҪ̫ˣ룬۶ǼһôﳬģƾԼô꣬ɽ¶ˮҪԴ½ɼıӦûˣһԲϴθһڰǵˡ
¥˵ģǻǲɴˡ۶Сӱ˵ĻǴ˿ô꣬һ𣬿ɼʵӦò¥֮¡
š֮ĿǰǾųǸͣػ֮Ǿ¥ɽۻɡ⣬棬ûʲôϢǱߣô˵
ص˵Ůڵ̬ȻǱѾû˵ʲôƽ֮ĻˣϴǾ˱ɱ֮£Ѿ棬ʱ䷢һǳֵ顣
˵ʲôֵ£
ǿߣһξٴ֮⣬ȫ˴ˡ
˵ʲô
ھ³ûվס¥ˣҲȫסˡ
ڿЦɣ
˵ֻһξٴΪ˳磬ʥ۷徳ǿҲѽôܻͬһʱ䣬ȫ˸ˡ
ǸΪξСӣҲˣ
˵ξûж֣˵ǲҶ֡
£֪֪Էʲôˣ
Ŀǰ֪ܣ¥˵ģ𱳺֮˰ɡǵĻôڴ½֮ϣԻ֪ĳڡ
ھصı֮ϣô꣬ô£϶ڴ½ϵһУеĳǿָơ񣬾ȻԼδŵسǿߣʲôʱ򳬼ǿ߱ôֵǮˣð
Էжˣ
ǱߴϢԷʮˣʮȫǳǿߡ
ʮ
¥ڳʮǿˣټϳģǴ½ϵĳǿߣٶжʮˣҲ̫˵ɣ
ʮͻȻðʮ֪ݣ֪ĳǿߣǻͬʱܵȥΪʲô
¥ʮȥ򣬺ҪĽأʲôǿߣһ˿ɵУʮˣԶȥˡ
أǸط
¥ǲҲȥأ
أξټļ֮⣬Žȥˣֻа׾һˡبŴԣǴ½ľͷĽУһʲôΪ֪ĶӣҲҪȥһ£׾֪飬ҲһҪ֪


1562 ֮ۼ
İһƬһҲάһʱ䣬ֱҹʮ֣İǳסĵطŴҲ棬ʲôǿ˵֮ˣȻһǣһǡ
Ǹ֮⣬ǼǵĳҲǵһξһȻǰ໥֮ϣҲδйκεĺƽԣϣһΣǼܹǰĵˣҲ½ĵ˸
İһ˵ĲǵаҲģһСӣӣǵ۶
ǼˣʵҲκεɰħܸܲǽһΪʲôҪ
ɳǵĳһ͵ϼһͷѾˣͺһųưԴ½
˵ɳ֪ʲôҲ֪ҵﶼͬ뷨ʡڣ͸׾֮Ĺϵûκ˿Կ϶ǵ淭Ϸ˿û˿ȷҲΪˣǸҪħ䲻֪ħ壬׾ø֮ĹϵħߣĻħ彫ʲôǶȻһսҲȥħģǲǣҪǣҪð׾֪ǾųǵҲ½
а˵ͷ˵˵û͸׾֮Ĺϵ̫أǸͲ²͸ǵֻҪħӦˣǾͿʱ̼ǣļӣŰ׾Ҳ˵ʲôģһʲôٶǶĻǾʯͷԼĽţҲڵһʱԲߡ
Ȼ˵ˣҲûʲô˵ˡ
μȫۼİǣԭΪİˣһҪ򣬴İͻȻɱȥҲõķ
İѾʧˣϴʳ˴һսȫûڵаûȫǵľʳ˴ǱߣİҲˣ⼸ǵһҪõģʹӰǣΪİǡ
֪ǵ۶ǵľӣʲôʱܵаʵ
ҵ۶Ǹİǵľ˵ԼʮʱܵΪǾӣһܱǵͷʮ죬Ҫʮˡ
۶Ǵڴ½λã˵۶ǵĴҪʮܵİǵĻǵĴҪһܵ
ȻʱѾȷǾͿʼ׼ɡ֮󣬲ܰǵΣҲʲôطӲܴػڲڰǣǶҪǸ¡
˵ģҲǼҪġ˹ˣ󻰣Ҫ˵ǰ档
ڣǼ֮˵µʱҲ˵Լʱ
ĳǵģʱǣ໥֮ìܸɣ
ǵȻġϾǼǰǵжԵĴڣͻȻˣǼûʲôľӣ໥֮ɶɱɱ֮ѽҪǺǣУһġ
˵ģ뵽ˣҲˡǣλѩĵλãڰɽ֮ۡǱٳʱԽÿǵľӸΪȻȫһĿףͬһʱǣֻҪǴһĿףͲ˵ԼˡȻڰǵ˭ãҪǼ˭ֿˡ
ֿ죿˻ν⣿
ڵİǣǸˣҪҲ˵ʱ˭ȡǸǵͷܳΪ˵˷ʩ֮⣬ƶǼϼһȻѾǸȴѾɳ˸ϵʱǻ취ӳڳɱ˷Ż𣬸Ӧϡ
аʵƶǳ͸ƲǼңƾʲôǣѵǾͲǹ°֮նݳҲ𣿡
ƶȻģǣ°֮ٽǹ黹ǣǾͻŰǣˣһԴ½ȻҲ֪һ룬Ȼ°ǣΪʲôǼҲѰǸˣҪѰǻƶǣҪ֪ҪԸģһͣͱĴػߡû֪ػߵʵʵΣһսػҲһ֣ȻǸӲϣʱֻ֣ǵϵ׳Խ¥򵹣ǸʱһػߣҲͲҪˡ
ǵĺܶԣػߣȷöԸ½ĳǿһ𣬶һܶĹûоԵİ֮ǰǲҪػͻ
½ĳǿһ𶼶һػߣҲ˵ػߵΪѾˡ۷壡
۷壬ȴڣǴ½ϣҲֻгӷһ˼ʶˣˣ붼󲻵Ǻεȵ
ˣ˵ģѾ˵ˣŴҲѾˣ͸Զȥ׼ɡ
İǽָգʲôûƵģǼ̸֮УѾעһսչ
һ죬ںܶ˵̫ɶںܶ˵ʵǿĲСҲǼһʱԶԶȥ׼ģϾ˵ģû˿Ա֤ػߣ᲻ڰǣһˣһıսԣػǲô


1563 еľ
ÿһ֮һµĿʼǴ½Ҳ⡣
ǣԵϲ󣬴Сȫ˺ɫĶʲôԵĺܺ죬֮Ϊƽܹһ˵Ķݣ죬Ǵ˵İʮ٣ԣĸԸĽȫǸϲһ㡣
ò˵ҹһ£ĵļһҰģС磬ȴҪõĶࡣ
˵ٴѡĻЩ֮⣬ȫǵľ񣬶վڳҹߣΪģֻΪҹƽǹľʱʱģȥĳʺһ£ָһЩΪ׵СͨˣҹҲһͬʣΪûһΪ²мһˡ
ǣһȽǿӲĽɫȥ˼˶ĿֻҪ˲ͻ󲻵ľٶֶΣҲʮֶġ
˵ҹǣŹͬĿģȴֽȻͬԸһҪõ˵𾴣һҪ˶
ҹǵͶ࣬ǱȳҹҪСһ꣬ÿ꣬ڴ٣ÿ궼ǵİʮƵġ
кܶ˵ǣÿڴ٣ΪʲôֱӰİʮˣ˼Ҫȥ
ɳҹȴ˵ģǴٻС٣ʱδѾкܶ׼ˣЩˣǸһϵûеġ
λϱߣһȥĴԺԵ̫˵㡣
ŸȫܶԱһˣѾŲ۵˳ſڣһСֵˣ׼š
ӷ߳ʱѾӵˣȫſڵˣͬʱĹԱҲǳˣҲѾ׼ħÿһӵǿߣħǰ塣
ֵܣĿѽǶϰˡ
ԴӼʶӷı֮󣬶ڳӷ磬˵ʮССͣΪ۴½ĳЩ˵һ֮⣬ƾξȲϵġ
ӷҲ벻ЩǿߣȫſڵԼʵԼ첢ôȥģΪӷҪȣڳ£ǱߵˣԼŹȥģô˵ǣԼһ㶼Ϥ֪ᷢʲô벻飬ֻ󵽣ȫ֮󣬲źϡ
ĿѽǱߵ磬𣬴ô͹ȥ
ֵܣүÿĴ٣ӵˣҪһʱ䵽ģΪǱߣһҲвǿ߹ȥȥˣһûۣǱȥǱߵǿ߸
ǿߣѵиӣǱҲѷɫ
ӷû̫࣬һʲôںӣֻȵǣЩһΪԼкֶܶΣûʩչ
˿ǰ˳ӷ缸ۣʵСӣ벻ѧҩѽ
˻һȫһ㶡
Ҫ֪ԴӺħʮǰʧ֮󣬺࣬Ǵ½ϹϵĵһҩʦˣҲǴδյӵģܶҪ£ȫˡ
û뵽죬Ȼͽ֮
벻ǣ꣬Ҳ˹˵ϼһǰɣ

ʲôһҩʦһҩʦ½Ҳ˸ȥǵģ˵Щǿ֮⣬û˸ȥǣ죬ǾȻͬʱҪճӷΪͽҲ̫˼˰ɡ
˼ʣɳӷȴһ㶼ں
ҩ˵Ļ
ƶҩ˼ٶȲ˵ˣҪתΪаڣΪʿãԣҩʦǶҩʦӷ綼ġȻټһİǵĵѵӷͲƷ𣬲ᣬӷ籾Щóһûеġ
ֵܣˣλǰΪͽԺҪЩѽ
Ц
ɳӷһ㶼ںûȥЩ˵Ļ˵ҲǸʱǾһȥɡ
һ仰ӷߵһȺħǰѡһֻСħޣֱȥûκεķҲûκεĻ
ɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬Сǲɵˣѽѵڻ֪ʲô
֮⣬Ѿɽ˺ˣȫһˣȫѾΧļֵһŶӣ塣
ȻΪǲȫ˿ڵģУʮ֮ŵˣֻǹȥҹݸ٣Ȼ˵ģܽģݲ׵Ȼ壬ҪռȫˣҲͬġ
֮ǰڽģû˸ǰħ޵תû˸ħǰҵġ
죬ȷһ֧ħ޶飬ͨ壬֮Χˣȫóһ·ˣǰ濪·
ӵˡ
Ȼѽ
һǱߵǿߣҲܿ쵽ˣ죬үӵĴ٣һĺϷѽ
ֻϧЩˣܽ壬ⳡϷֻģ
Ⱥڵۣӷĺһ·ֱſڣӷѾ˽⵽໥֮Ѿ˰ȻԼʱûǵĻǣܿҪˡ
ЮӲˣΪû½κ
ħ֮󣬳ӷ粻ɵһЦȺˣǿЦǴôãڣ֪˭ߣ
һ׹⣬ԳӷԶϮ󣬳ӷȻתһ֮Դ˻ȥϮ׹⣬ڰ;֮䣬໥ײ
Ȼϣǣǿߡ׹⣬Ǹҵһ𣿡


1564 ҹ
ʲôڣΪʲôֱӸӷ緢ѶţѵͼıɣǴ˼пܲǵˣ򣬲ѡʱȥͼıʲôһڱȽϴӣȽҵӣͿԶˡ
ӷ˫۲ͣĳ˷ȥҪе˸ҳʶųˣڣ͸оκβͬϢѽ
ֵܣǸýȥˡ
һ³ӷļ򣬳ӷ΢΢ͷһֲı飬߽һ̣ͣһ½Ųٴγղǵ׹Ϯķȥ
ڣѾܶæµˣ˳⣬İ֡
ڴԺڰݷ˼ʮӣд˵ġ
ӷӵˣֱӳķȥһ·ϣڳˣȫԳӷ
ӣӣǳһѽǲܵ𾴸˴ġ
ڣǵһЩѾڸһԼ߰ˣͷһɫĴӣȽϿģǵλãɽ˵Ĥݡ
ߣǳļһˣҹҲǳͷүү
壬˳ҹǶ࣬һҲܸɣͷҲܸɵģȴǳѾְˣڳĵλһߵġȻҲųҹǵ˵뷨ϾǳҪ̳г壬СͿʼҲʲôֵ飬ǿģ棬кܶǿڰ
ڳҹֻһӣǸӣѾ뿪ǣʲôطûκ֪Ҳҹ֪İɣȴδĶӣҲû˸ȥѯʣԳҹ֮£ģǳҹĶϱҲǳͷĸףϡ
ϣû̫ı£Ϊȴǳãںܻ˵ͬʱŮ棬Ҳǳãĳͷһˣǿ߻ͨˣǳòӵĳҲһֽģġ
ǳҹİʮ٣ɷѾ뿪˼ңŮȻҪһ˵飬ɷТԹҲ޻ڡ
ڣͷһѾˣҲѾɼҵˣ˵һǳ˵ŮˣүȨƣŮǳТ˳ֻϧҼҶٶбľŮҲΨһһŮһĲ
ĸףӵǰǶѾˡ
ͷһȺǿ߽ûӭȥĸߡ
ʵأ
Բûɹ
Ѿͷǲϻ𣿡
ŮѾʮˣɼͣҲѾʮˣǷǳõģһ̬֮׻ķ̣ҲֻӣŻᴩϣƽǺصġ
ĸףζֻû¹ˣǲϻҲû취ѽ
̾˿˵ʮǰԼŮ˼ţԼԶǵΧ֮ڣԼʱҲǾȥġ
ˣ鷳ˣ
ɲÿһʱͻȥһΡҼʱϵȻ治֪Ѿͷʲô
ѾͷСƢǼӶܵĺãȴжѹܡܣʮǰһʱŻɡ
ĸףȥôˣǲҪȥʮǰɣϾⲻʲôʵ飬ѾͷԼҲκ𣬾Ůڶ֪ĸ˭
֪Ҳãʡպǳʲô鷳ϾǸˣڻǲ𣡡
ĸףҲǼһ˵̫˰ɣ˵ĻԵĻһĹأ
˳ͷһۣ˵Ҹ˵ٴˣµģǸһˣµġʮǰүүֱȥˣοء
˵ǼһﱳˣѾˡĸףʱǣҪŮǸô죿
ˮڡ񱾾Ͳ̫ƽǵһ֣½ԭںõһˣʱǼһӦòġ
˵⣬ûȥ˵ŮʵˣңӣһͶԿǿߣ֪ûе
ͷЦѾˣǰһġĸףҰһ¡
Ǻãǹȥɡ
ҹӵȫˣŵѾվ
λ⼸԰ɣ
ҹǸʮֺˬˣȻˬǼӺˬǾͼʼˡ
ﱲߵģ˿̣ǰ˫ȭһ˵̫ˡЩô꣬˼ĹգǼİʮ٣Ƕûʲô׼Ҫ鷳ǹĺòãʵǹⲻȥѽ
֣̫Ŷԣÿ궼׼ʱ½һҩʦɩӵһҩʦݣСطѽ
Ȼûгҹ󣬵ҲС˶٣ֵ֮ܣҲǺġ
ͷǰ˼λˣȫܿ
ٷˡ
ǿЦⶼʮˣʲôٲٵġڿ˵ѽ
ͷԼĸ仰˼ν˵£ָģӸյλǿߡ
ֵܣҿɵþˡ
ͷӷǰЦһһ³ӷļ
ӷҲֵĺܿ˵ͷˣҸǣܽ룬ҵ
ֵܣһ¡
ͲҪȳͷܣѵʲôˣҹ᲻
ˡ
ͷһ£֮⣬ʮ˽ٶȷǳ죬Ҳ룬һ֪Ǿˡ
׼ʮλӣǿ߾
ʮλӣһʮˣһһλӸպáǣʮˣڳӷ絽֮ǰѽҲ˵ڵӣһʮһˣҹȴֻ׼ʮ˵λӣ˵ʲô˵һˣûλġ
ܿ죬ʮλѾ׼ˣ֮ǰκһ˶ûӦ֮ŷ֣ӷ磬վŵģλӶûС


1565 
ڼӷûλӺ󣬻ΪǳҹһʱˣӶһˣȻѣѵˣȴӵģǳͷ
үүѾ˵ˣһλ
Ͳȳͷѻ˵꣬ҹ˵ͷ컹кܶҪΪҳһļ̳ˣҪ黹кܶࡣȥд˰ɡ
ԣҹͲӶһˣ̬ȸǹⲻӷλӵġ
˿ҲѾվֶڳӷֶǾĺܣлĻӷһȥħޡ
үӣֵȻŵǣȻӣӵһԱŵڽӵʱ򣬺Ҳ˵ֻҪӾסģǳ壬䵱Ŀ˶ԴΪνүλӣӵѣ
ò˵ǸļһȻʶӷһʱ䣬Ҳڳӷֵ³˿СˣǳģӲὫϡ
Ϊӷ籧ƽӵ˶µĵģҹȻҲ˽Щ˵Ըˣֻû뵽Ϊ֣ӷҲֵݽǵģָ֮䣬һɱħޣȻͲΪͨνͬԩңôԩ˵ء
ڳӷյӾŰ飬ҹҲ˵˵ģ˵ӦòѽѵǰСӣʲô֮
ҹ֮仹̫ںһӷ磬ҲܳӷݣֻҪӴˣԼȻͲĵ˿̵ĳҹòԳӷ߼ֵעˣرںͬʱվ˵ΪֵģλӵĻǽ죬ȸˡ
Էѵһվһû뵽ȻΪͬһˡ
˵ӣ壬Ѿٻӭӵˣ˵ǳ壬ѾҪˣȻˣ߱ǡ
ôһ˵ӵˣȫųҹ
ҹû뵽ԼôЩô꣬죬ǾȻΪһߣԼ˵
ҹҲ˵ʲôػѽӵЩˣԼˣҲԼ£һȫݣǿߣǺ򸾣һˣԼʲôȥԸ塣
λϢŭղʵϺͿˣһλѡˡ
ʱɾͲȳҹˣӷվ˵һǱȽϲվţҸôôɡ
ϲվϲ˵𣬵ڳӷ翴ϾԼڻûع⣬ξٱ¸½κ֮⣬ûκ֪ԼݣԼҲҹҪӵߣء
ڳҹӷɲǿΪԼѵû򸾣ѾסھȻ˵ϲϲվôԲɡ
ͷǰ˵ֵܣүүղû¡үүİʮ٣ӣղŵ飬˰ɡ
ӷһתЦһλӶѣһطˣǲΪҷˣȥдĿ˰ɡ
䣬ӷߵһ䣬ǣһʯӣӷ˵ǰֱ
ǵطɲǿģǳЩĵطѽȻ㣬ӷԼ᲻֪ĵطôҪģطۣʲô֮£ȥ⣬رǴ˲⵽
ЦֵܣҵλӸ㣬ɲѽ
ʲôģҶԣƽȣͿˡ
ҹڿΪˣӷڹԼ鷳Լİʮ٣ỹкܶ˻ԼĵˣҲԼߵ鶼һõĻЦѽ
ɾڳҹʱѾг˽
үӣ˵ˡ

ʱԼ߿ʼһ룬Ŵ˹ҵģôô硣
ͷ˵үүȥӦǡ
ˣϷȥɣǣӦ˵ء
үӣóȥˣˣһһţͲ㱨ǾԼ˽
ʲô
ҹɫһ䣬ˣҲ̫Ŀ˰ɣԼȥ嵷ʱҲδһֱӾʹѽûԼѵ꣬壬ֶʲôƲɡ
֣ϲѽϲҪײˡ
һϵ⴫һˣȫ˴ſڡ
Ĵӣһͷڰ׵ĳһȣһģȴѾǽĸˣߣ˶󣬸һȺƲ򵥵ԴߣˣǵĵڶҲǿס½κӵִϣǡ
ǲǿޱȣͬʱǸɫΪˣܸ½κôŮʵ½κǱߴŮĲҪġ


1566 
ĸ䣬ŮߣҲһˣ
νΪϲǵɣܵģһĴ磬֤Ǳ̬Ȼû֪ҹôȹģԳӷĹ۲죬Ϊ˵Ĺϵһ۾ܿǵļص㡣
һϣȴûкӣһûУڶûкᣬ˵ǼϸмصԣϼһƤǲ԰ף׵еܲˣģֺܱɵġ
ϼһǸ̫࣡
û뵽ûκ˵͹ͳʱľǴ½ϣȻ̫ڣӷǴ۽ѽ
Ȼ˵̫ͲŮ˵ģйŴʱ̫࣬ҲǿԳɾ͵ģҲǿȢӵģֻ̫࣬йŴУһĹٲʸǳʱڡ
ŴŴǴ½Ǵ½̫࣬һļе˵ȥˡ
Ҳ֪ҹЩǲ֪ǵܣɲ֪֪죬壬ڳҹ֮ϣֵܻġ
ļԣ˫ڵһɢ⣬ԸԵֵסԷͬʱҲסԼ塣
ϼһΪʥ۷徳磬ܶеǿͬģӵǿߣߵģҲ˶ѡ
֣Ĵ٣ϷıȽеⲻȥ꣬Ϸûٵѽ
û壬ûԼܹģÿһҪ鷳³
ҹҵ׼ǰˣҹҲὫǷġ
ֻһһѽ춼С˶ߣ̬Ҳһһ˰ɡ
ҪԲԼѵֻЩˣЩ͵ģһҪ¼ҹ𣡡
¼ҹˣ
ĸ֣ˣûʸ˵ɡ
νĹ¼ңΪߣνĹˣΪߣҲֻгߣŻԳƹˣǣԼǵˡ
ҹЦһ˵֣ⶫҳԣҳ壬Զ٣Ϸ򶼸ԡ⻰ȴ˵ǣڣ棬ҲһִϣԼΪ¼ҹˣǲе̫ˡ
ǿû뵽ҹץסԼ˵ڵһ仰ֻǱˣ˸Ӳץ˳ӼͷĻȻûùӳԣˣԼǵİʲô£˵㣬ʣᱻҹ⻰ŵ
ô˵棬ֱ˵ڵĻҲûκκôģȻӲںô˵ģ׷ģ˶ôĳϣô֮£Ҫô£ǻġ
֣Ҳ˵ˣⶫҳԣɲ˵壬Ϸ򶨵ι죬ȹܺԼá
ι
ˣ˵ιģǹòá
ͷѾڻˣɴûڹ̱˳ŭ˵Сһ㣬ȻҪûȥ
󣬼˳ȴǸֹסˡ
֣⣬̵һûУھˣ˵ǳ岻̵ĻϷɲǣȥúùܽһ¡

ͷһ
ҹֹסͷҪ棬Ҳѽ綼ûʼͿ㣬ԵĳҲ̫Сˡ
ͷסһڶжֵĻᣬҲһʱ
˿̣֮ЦյϾѾˣô֣òʲôϷɡ
½κ˿ƵĳҲѾˣģֻˣһһһ꣬꿴ͦǵģŴ磬ҲԵݺܽ󣬵ǣȴһʶ
Ϊʹ˹һͨˣһû˼İˣνĹ˾½κ˰ɡ
ϾǳȨǹ棬Ҫӵġ
ҹȫ½κǰûҲû͸һͲʶͨһ΢á
½κϰλĵУƽֵҲˣνֲ֣ѾΪ½κӶϼһһ̬
ȻѾˣҲʱ䡣磬ڿʼɡ
ҹûȥǣΪᣬеʱ磬ɲһٷͽģҲͬ⡣
֮󣬳ӷԱ۵һûиӵһ𣬶Ǹһ
ͷӷ簲ŸλõģɼȻӷ粻룬ͷҲû취
ҹǣ½κӼһͬģгҹĶϱ½κӣһ꣬ǳͷûʸ
ΪϱɷڵʱȻҪе鶼á
䳡ϵĻٲ˵ģЩҲôҪף٣ԼҵѾˣڣǳʱ
˫һתԱߵ꣬ʵλӺ֪մ
½κһû˵·Ϊ˵ʸûУ
ȻˣȻҪ˻ش𣬱ˣشˡ
վ˵ٷˣʵڱǸղŶǽˡλǳ½ʶһλѣҲǵġǴλǵתתɸɸϳүӵĴ٣һλӴʧ֮ٷ˶¡
ǰ˵ô򵥣½κʶѣԼ岻֪壬Ҳһһʱ֪ġǵı飬ʲô֪
ʲôʱʶѣΪʲôϷһ㶼֪飿
Ȼ˵ˡ
һ½κӣ½κЦϱ֣ΪǸʶãԻû㱨ղ˵ô࣬ûĽܰɣ
Цѽңôǿڳһʱţе˵ˡ
˶٣ˣ˵λλǣǣͣ


1567 
ৣৣৡ
ˣĸֺȫԼͬģԵıȫ˳ҹҲǲ˼˫ȭգȫȫˡ
ͷվǰһѸֵʱҪǱߵƫƫչ
£ķӦǺģΪ˭Ҳ벻ǵͣһǳ½κӴģѵ֪Ŀǰвģǰǵ
һԽ䴦ĳӷ粻ɵĿЦҡͷξٱ»֣֪ԼǣðԼӣǶԼĿǰǲκεķģ٣ںĹϵ֮ǰԼ̫ķϾ˫ԼĿģΪΪ½κһǿƵĿɽӷ磬ȴǵңи
ȻĿǰΪֹӷ綼֪ξٱܹΪʲô
壬ʱ쳣İӵˣҲȫվ˳ߣǣûԼı
ǿߣǲ̫һҪ֣ҲʱؽǵĿұҲţд˵ô
ڷˣһ㷴ӦûУȻ˵ķӦԵ˵ķӦֳԾУеķӦ
⵽ôһ£
Ƕһʵ
Ҳ֪ôѽ
ǵģǼٵģ
˵꣬ҹѾ´սָˣȫ½κΧ½κµĶ󣬷·ŮıɡƵġ
ǣͣǵӲСѽȻҹܵ

ξٱ£ҲǼðʹЦһ˵ټĴ½ûбӲȥĵط˵һǣǾ¥ֵطȥ˭ס
ȷӷȥ߾¥ĻǻûסȥҪ뿪ͺ˵ˣӷɲԼΪֱȥս¥ǵɵ£ӷ
ξٱϾڵĿԣֱӾͻ˳ӷѾͷţҲݸѽһĶ˵Ŀ񻰣һðģҲһ涯Ǿ֪㵽ǳˡ
ˡ
ǣ
ϷС¡
ס֡
վҹ浱ǿ͹ǳѣҪѣǸֱӶʲôǳ壬췴ɡ
ͷ˵û˵ķݡʶģһȥͺٸˡ
ˣ»ֲɡ
㡭
ȫϷ졣
Ǵ˿˵ˣ
˵Сӣǰǵͣ
⻰ʵģ֣ͣڳǰҪҵˣ½κǰһˣѾµѾֻҪǸҶʱ
ȻģлɵĻֱӸ͹ӹаɡ
Ȼڳûд˵еǰڰ飬ȴһģȴͶԵֵҪ֣ôд֪ʱ򣬹Ѿ̫ˡ
ȻҲ˵Ͷ֣ȴһļЦ˵˵С͵ĻϷλӣ˭
ԱһãֻУͬһ꣬˳ͣξٱٰͲ࣬Ҳһİ£档
ʲôߵĹ˭
仰ʲô˼
˵ǰ壬һϲģҲһѣȴϣϷʶѣȻҲʶ
ʲô˼
½κӵɫͬʱһ䣬ξٱ£䡣
˵Сǰǵ͹ӣϷǰʶλӣҲǰ͹ӡѾͷǶλǲǸýһʲô
ûɣûиһӵĳӷ绹ѽû뵽ǱߣȻҲһٵģ˵ڸʲôõǰɣ
ӷ֮ǰûȥעǱߵˣǾȻ˵ǱߣҲһͣóӷ𣬾еվסˡ
Ļ쵰ҵ뿴ûҵ˭ĸðң
ӷ粻ãۿȥȷǾһѡ
Ǳߵ;Ȼǡ

ʮ˹еĴʲôʱܵȥˣʲôʱˣ
ӷ˺ܶʣ˵ԼĻǾԲܵģҪԼҲܵѽѵʳ˴һս֮󣬴ûлذǣܵ
뵽⣬ӷ˫һתɨһǴˣͻȻ䷢֣ԭУһѽһĶ
һôܵˣòǰǱߣʲôɣ
ڵĳӷһʱ뵽ģǰǿܳʲô£ĶǳԼģҲ֪ôģܵȥˡ
ҲãԼӣĶ壬˵Լļ֮ڣҪʲôѾˡ
ҹгˣȫɵۡ
ͣһ½κߣһǱߡ
½κߵģǺԣ½κѾʼѾҪѳǵĿˡǱߵģǽ췢飬壬Ҫǰǵĳ֮λˡ
ξٱʵôǸ˭
ξٱϵĴڰеɱ֡
Ҳ֪Կ϶ǣ͡
֪Ҳһٵͣʲô
ʲ֪𡣡
Ȼ֪ǱߵҲǸٻξٱ»ʶͣɲὫ
û뵽ӵѾߵ˵زȻ˸ܳðԼˡ
ξٱЦ
ð䣿ƾʲô˵Ҽҹðģġ
£Ķ˳ΪɲڽʣȻĶǼð飬Ķġ
ξٱ¿ڰǼĶģʱӷɱǴʱĶֳ
һĶξٱĽв¿ɺãԭӷԤıģ˶Ѿˡ
鷳ˣ
ʵôˣ
͵ˡ
ʲôǸô죿
ûİ취ҪʶƣֻˡСӾ취ҵ£ȻǸû뿪
ʱ͹һͨĽɫ˵ʵϷûŹȻϷͣϷʶһ£İ͹ӣ׸һôĵز
ԱߣѾվ˳˵үӣһˣȻǣҲܵȥսˡ
ҹЦǺãҲСһ㣬Ͼܶ˵ɲ˵ġ


1568 дɱ
һأͬݵˣҲ٣ѾݵģҪսģÿһˣ߿˵վսߣӦöʥ۷徳ǿߣҪԵȻǼٵͣȻð͵ţǾͲ䣬һˣ˿ɲǼ٣ģ͡
ӷеͷʹξٱµĻԼڰаڳûгǿߣһһĵûģڣðһһﻹѽ
֮̾䣬ˣûȥעˣȫĿ⣬ٵϣҲᣬҵ˳ӷ֮ء
㻹￴
Сӷȴĺ˼ȻûȥעˣȻȥںôࡣ
Ϊʲôû飬ĳϣǺܾҲҪ𡣡
ˣ˰ɣ
ξٱ¼Ӧø˰ɡ
㻹¡
ڽ£Ǵ˵ã壬Ź𡣡
ڸô죿
£ȻǶѾðҵ׼С£ӦѲǰɡ
򣬵˭˭Ǹصˡ
ҿɲ̫⣬ðһ£Ȼҿɲұ֤ᷢʲô¡Ҳһģλװĳ
ӷ˫һתûͷų˿ɱһ˫ɱ¾ȴ½κӡ
ܽʱ˽ӷ紫˵һôˣνۼΪʵν棬δ˿ֲ񣬴˵ĳͱȻĵ
òҪ˺Ȼһع⣬Ҳ뿪ǡ
뿪Ȼˣһ׵뿪˵ǣҵģһȫǸҴ򹤵ġ
㵽ⳡϷôչһ仰Ҳȥ
ңȻǲģͻ𡣡
ʲô˼㣬䣬ǳߵ˶ˣɵξСˣһģ֮䣬ҲضҪһ䡣
˵⣬˵ġ
ͷʹ֪ᷢ£ͲӦüðˣⲻ鷳
ȻӷҲ֪鲻ð죬ǱߣͲ֪Լߵ£ԼҲȥǣȻˣξٱ£˭Ƚһأ𰸣ӷ
ξٱµΪڴ֮ϣģģһǴ
ξٱ±ϾǸŮˣǴСξټֵط󣬺ܶ飬ξټţͲȥʲôڴԴɱ֮󣬾һֱںڰУİɱҲһı죬һƷ֮ľ֮𣬿ΪȽϸߵԼĶֶ˵֪ʲôطֻ֣ĶֲϵĽǸһʲô𣬳Կģضξٱˡ
취ɣý˲ҪɱˣȻ鷳ġ
鷳ҵɱˣ嶥šξٱɱˣλס𣿡
ӷ粻ɵһЦͬʱվǿߣѾߵ˳мλãһ˫۾ǿξٱ£Ȼת˴
Ȼǰͣǲս˭սģ͹ˡ˲̫ϲС͵ģôˡ
˵СȻξٱ£ξٱµװ磬ģŮ֮䣬ױŮװҲʮֵ㣬̫ζԣξٱͣǸ͵Сͣڴ¶ĶʣԵʣһʹĵ˿Ŀ־塣
̫˵Ҫ־ͷĴֱӾ߳УûκεıӵǿߣϣҲû˿η塣
ֽ͹ӼС

Ķǰûаŵͣ˵ʮǰĳҰ֮һΪ׷󳬼磬ΪԼǣңɱԼȫʮˣĳݣʧʮꡣû뵽ȻǣһʮʱɣѹЩûҵĵˡ
ǵȷʮˣȴڰǰŽӵģõ֣Ҳıû뵽ͣȻıһѽ
ҹҲû뵽ԼӣȻ˴ڣˣһʮֶ񶾵ļһԼӣݲµģӣȽǲˡ
Ƚ֪ô˰ɣ
ģϱ֪ôˣӲм
վұͲģ˵زүү½֮ѵһǣûطֻҪܴͣԼɶȥˡ
ôˣҪ˽һ𣡡
ĶЦǰʲô˵ҶӦóһǰǰȻ˵ҼҹӵţҲӦ֪ҼҹԳ𣬾һֱţʮʱ䣬ǰ£ѹԣڴ½ϵĺܶ£ܶˣҼҹӶ֪ȸҼҹӣҲҼҹ֪һôˡ
΢䣬˵ˣ
͹Ȼǲͬѽ½˵ˣȻ˵
һ䣬˴۾ˡ
ϲɱ˵ˣɱʱһֱɱĿС
ⶼʲôѽȻѽ磬ڲͬ
ˣ㣬ɡΪѾʥ۷壬ҵΪʮǧôҾ㼸С
ʲô
֪ԷΪԼ̫㻹С
Ц˵ͣǲѽ
˵㣬ħŮ׾ã¥ھӸǶ֮ǰǼС
ðɣòϣðģ浽һ磬ŵһľ磬ǳӷԼƼˣҲ˵Ŀѽ
Ļ쵰鷳
ӷٴ̾ԼҪඣ
֪ļһϼҡ
Ӱһ¡һǿĳ֮ľ룬γһϣȴֵģġ
һư㣬ֱӳ˴
վԭأһĶȥǵˣҲȫˡ
ӰͻȻ䣬ʧԭأ͸ӷչֳһֻӷֱӽ񷶦ģƶʧˣɴǽǱ״̬Ϣڣˣڸ
أ
ǱУ
ҹһѣǱУֻЩڰеߣЩİɱֲŻѽôܻɱֵЩֶΡ
ʲôط˶ڸоȻǰеɱ֣ڱ˷֮ǰ˾Ѿˡ
ߣһ˵ˡ
һС
ޱ䣬Ȼ䣬ڶй壬ǿҵ̹⣬һ̤أ
ɱ
ҰҰ˵硣
ӰһٴνǱ״̬Σû߶ʧվԭصģΪ֮ǰ̸ıĽķλ
顣
һΧĵ棬ȫ˿
ڶС
ԭأ£ŭˡ
쵰

ֱͣ㣬ȴվԭģŽһҲ壬ȴڿٵţĽô죬ôң򲻵
ӰԭزͣĻζۻҵġ
ܣɱֵֶΣͣѵǸɱֲɣ
ৡ
ѹ
˫УһذףڽǱ״̬֮ˣ
Сı󡣡
Ҳ֪ڳ˭һȻתֻ֮һ֮⣬ԼٶȸҵıԼ˹
ʶģһϣһ̵סˣȴû뵽һֱ֮һֻеذ׽һ
дɱ
顣
һȥԭأһҲˡ
˴󾪲ԣذһգ߻صĶǱߡ
壬ֱӳǰȥû˿ϵ˿ڣڵصͬʱΧѾѪˡ


1569 
һֻһݣ
У֮䣬ͽһ߰˼ǿ߸ɱˣʲôһֶΣòȫѽ
úһ磬һʼ͸Ѫܵģʵ̫ˡ
ˣʬ̧˳ȥԼ˶ɱļһ֪ݵĻͲˣ˵ʣһ¡
ɸҪǣǱߣôһڣ˵İ壬Ǿ鷳ˡ
ҹһӰ׵ִ࣬ൽףһʱ֮䣬֪ת˶ٴΡ
λʵڱǸ˵㣡
νһ仰ȥ˵ɣ
һЦȻͼʶֶεģȻŴ͡
֣£ûʲô˵˰ɣ
ҹڲòţӲӲԼߵǿ߳һ֣ϵĻû˻͵Ķ֡
ֹȻǺֶΣﶼܵ㡣ֻǲ֪ʲôֱ³֮λأ뷨
ֱ³λ⻰˵˶ԣ췴ǻںǰںοˡ
֮ѡ½εģϷһˣһȤûУ½κӼŰɡ
ôǰǳƺ죬ڣֱӾͽ֣ҰģѾȫȫ¶ˣû˿ء
Ȼһ㶼ˣҲ֤ҪҹսˣҲһиĿġ
Ϸе㲻ⳡ磬˰ɡҶȥɡ
š
ߵҹǰ˵ܶ飬Ȼʼˣû׽ֵİʮ٣ϷҲû׼ʲôЩǳ壬Ļ֣ǲǸù黹һˣ
黹
ҹʵǳ壬ǷʲôΪʲôϷһ㶼֪Щˣˣ
Ȩ
ֶ֣ѣҹʱͼ
˰죬ôܹǴ˹ģΪΪԼıȨѽ
ǣʲô˼
ҲʲôˣȻԷѾѻ˵ˣҪ
ҹ죬еıȨȫϷԱ֤ǳû¡Ѿ͹ӺҪΪеĻǾǸ͹ΪС
ҲǸѽ˵ǣʵҲֻϺ֪꣬ڴֱ֮ӽ͸˿̣˭ȥսġ

ҹһ㶼м˵ϷȨǣļԺ̫ðɣѵˣǼ֮𣿡
ǳ֮£ʲô£
ԱߵĳӷڵǱˣҹ⻰һ˱˼ɵʲô˼ӷ绹
ϷȻûˣôȥѡǾϷԼˡҹֻҪ˵Ȩ㵽ǽǲɡ
Σ
ǾͱϷ򲻿ˡˡ
ȫ˽ĶҲʱԱһˣڲ飬򲻵ѵʱ򣬴ĶǲܵģΪȥ壬ĿģҪ
ӷЦһӣĶѾͷҲǸȲǰ㣬СıеģϷԲŵģĶڱݳġ
붯֣Ǿͷɡ
ˣ½κ˿Ӧ˵ͽ˿û½κʲôˡ
սȻҪģȴʱʱ򣬳ӷҲǴ
Ķ̫嶯˵㣬ʱҴĻ̫ˣˣǱ󣬿ɻأʲôݣӷ粻֪Կ϶һǣһйϵ
ûõķǣˣҪԼѽ
ξٱ»վûûսٵͣǲҲˣʲôȥսأ˭ȥսأΨǳӷԼˡ
λҲǰ͹Ӱɣ
ӷֱվκ˶û£мλá
ʲôʱðһëͷСӣΪʲôûκһ˷ֵġ
һСҪʲô
ǰ˵ֵܣǳ֮£ȲܱģȰ壿
˼Ҳκһˣֻһ°͹ӵֶΰˡղѾ̹Ǳߵ͹ӣڣһλ͹ӣ֪λ͹Σ
ξٱ²֪ӷֹܳڻϼӰͣ
ûκһ˵ˣӷ˫һת˴ĶͬʱһԼðӣû뵽ѽӱ𣬾ڴ˵أԼ֮ǰû֡
ֻ˵λ͹ӣͬʱϡ
ͬʱϣСѵϹ𣬸ղû˼ҿһɱһʥ۷徳ǿѽ
ֵܣ𣡡
û裬Ҳûţ͡
Լ붪ˣҲǰǵˣǾðƻԼ̨ɡ
˵Сӣ˵ҪСһ㣬˵
ͣ˵͵ȷ࣬ܿϧǼٵġ
˵ʲô
˵ҿɲ˵Ϊ¸͹ӣйһ֮ԵҲʶ͹ӵֶΣڸղλ֮ϣ֪˶١ǵĵʱ²ʮУͰܸͣҲ˵λʮ֮ڣ򲻹µĻǼٵġ
ʮд㣿
Цǲǿ˵㡣
ʱֵĻᶼûУͱˣ˵͵ʮжסĻֵͣһôľ磿
ڳӷ˵˵ԼڸԼơ


1570 
ĳ嶯ôɰɣԼĶȥ壬ɳӷ磬ȴܵȥˣⲻǸպҪж
С㣬ҿɱ㺦ˣ㲻˵ԹӵԸǵĻһѡ𣡡
˵ڳ˵Ŀ⣬ȫ˳ӷϣһһ֮ս͵ļһò˹עѽҪǣӷ绹˵ͶǼٵģͣǼС
ĶһͷĺˮʧҲû뵽ӻȥġ
ĶûʧҪȥѡһ䵷ҵĻӷ绹ȥѡ壬Ϊ̫ţһҲ֪ʲộˣ׳ģֻҪһǾͺױӷ˿ӡڳҹΪ̫أǵҲҪڳ嵷Ҫ౶
ֻϧӷһǣܵȥˣͻûļȥʲôѡɺϵɺϣӷ簲˳ߡ
ڸô죿ð乫ӣڳð乫ӣĹֳˣԹӵֶ˵ҿһжסѽ
ڵȷе鷳ˣӶ˵ǼٵˣһжסߣҲһŹǵġҴûǱߵҴ϶Ųȥġ
ǴǵģҲΪˣĶŻ²ߣðӷ磬ȥ壬һĿģȻҪҸȽϰȫĵطȰƸȶ
Ǹһ˵͹ʱɹܲ˵۶ǼˣӷȽıȨ˹֮飬֮˵ɣǸǺǸ۶Ǽˣ֮ǱߵʤǾͻվһߡ
ӷ絽ڶ֪ˣʱΪʿѣʳ˴ֺ飬ӷͬξа㣬һ㶼֪
ðԼˣһҪܣǣξٱǱߣȻµģڴǱߣΣˡ
ӷѾǵ˴ǱߵĴվ֮ǰѾһܣڷŭ֮ҪɱǣǱһҪ뾡һа취Ƚ£һֱӶ˵ˡ
ȲڵĴΣӷ˵ڵĻǲջصġ
λҸղѾһ˵ֶˣټһֶθʵ˵֮ڣǲܣǾ䡣
ӷΪˣǸ̵ʱ̣õ͵ʱ͵ɵҪߵʱ򣬾Ǹߵһ£ߵ˷ָĵزģ
УͣʵǱ컹
Ȼλ£Ǿɡ
ξٱվ˳뿴ӷһʲô
а浱Լ˲ˣʱڰᳬǿߣҲǿһЩֶΣȷмˢӣҲ֮ڴԼɣοһֶʮָļһԼ¡
ৡ
Уһǿĵ磬ٶȸӷ˹ȥ
ûĵȻһֶûе£жˣУնȡڣ˫˵ʲôУһ֣ɱС
ӷ΢̣֪³֣ڰеߣԶԳ䲻ֶȡģӷһҲԾڴֶΣЩ⡣
ǰһӷ¼磬δе£ΪһתͬһѻŴֹͣ˳ӷʱŵУڳӷķұת֮󣬸˳ӷһ˿ڷȴûиӷɶ˺
ȻӷҲǹ˵ˮģ˵ǿɱ֣̿ͣ޷ӷһĻҲǿİɡ
˫зǰɱеɱУȴûκãɴûоʹ˷ڳӷнУͻȻһҽ𹳣ֻžһϣһۣ⵹ıе˫ͬʱɱӷ磬ǰһɫĵ⣬ĳӷֻܳԱ㡣
ڶɱбӷ㿪󣬴ûзɱ־ҪڵһʱɱĿ꣬˵ڵĿԶ޷ɱģᱻɱӻҪġ
ת˫дӺͻϮӰΪʮйӷ磬ȴϣӷѾڿն𣬳˴Ϸ
ξٱһѳ˳ӷδ֮ʱʮ˵⣬ֱȥ

ҹһξٱµĽ֮ڣ˺üˡ
ɱһʥ۷ǿߵУǿĽȻ޷СκεвԵ˵ɣӣС˵ĺ٣ͣȫǼðģ
ӣͲҪУһУһ֮ڣԽȫɱ٣Ǻηʥ
˫ķǳǿˣ٣ӷģʵټ
½˰ͣ۶֮⣬ֳ١ǽɽ˲ųѽ
춼Ѿ϶˳ӷ磬ԼʹˣһѧҪҵˣǰΪûкʵģŲͽǰǾԲܷŹ
ӣðƻ˵УһжӲס׼ˡ

¡
ӷֱӾͽ񷶦õԴ˳ѧ˷̫ʱ䣬ڳ˵ͬʱξٱ£ҲĿѪ
ϵĵذ壬ȫڣʯɡ
ӷʹһɫȻðͣ¡ˣҽðƻ¡


1571 ɱ
ĶǷܲˣȻǾԲŹǵģҪɱֱ練Ƶ飬ξٱ£ҲҪܣ򣬾½κӲ⵱£ˣɲῴŲܣô˵ǣɲ½κ˵㡣
ĶξٱҪܾԵ׵Ķ࣬Ͼһˣû˿ĸڻ壬һĶˣǣǵһģҲ˵Ķڱٶȣȥ壬ӳЩӷȴ֪
ΪĶܣӷȻʲô
ȫֻûѪ񷶦ˡ
ܡ֮硣
֮ڳӷʩչ֮£֮ڣͻ磬޴Ŀ磬ʥ۷徳ǿߣһʱ֮䶼ǵֵסˣ˵壬ȫڲͣҡţ紵Ķס˵ߡ
ͷܣٶȸϹȥ
Ķ֪ӷԼܣõĻᣬһӣϴǱٶȣҪڵһʱȥ彫ӳͲʲô¡
Ҳ֪ĶҪȥʲôطģ̺֪ͨǱߣȸϷ˵ĴӸˡ
˻ӷһ𣬸ԭǵģĶνĴӣָģȻˣе⵽׷ʲô£ʲôԼ֪ġ
ӷɲðգһٶȲ죬һ鷳ˡ
ͣϸȥ塣
ڳϿգͻһ⣬ڣһӰ˳
ͬʱǵĳ䣬һ鲼£һδʯӵӣ̧ͷ˴ӽڳĺӰɵ¶һ˷ܵЦݣڳˣ˵еĴػߡ
Ӳû˿ĶҲû׷ǺӰҲֻͣվԭأʯӸԼǰ
֮ڣξٱܵıȽѾΧӷҲȥŮ汻ץˣҪҲǼ¡
¡
ס֡
ǰֹΪ˾ˡ
Ȼ˸ðǣһͼıģѵ㻹ɡ
壬ûҪȻҸģȻץ
㣿
ûǸ£ɳȴܰ쵽

·ûţ½κӿԶģǣˣ½κʵҲǸԴţ˵ΪǲˣڣҲʥľ磬һеȵǿ߰ɣץξٱ£Ӧò̫Ѿ
½κԼȴеԥ˵ɣңеġ
㲻ȥˡղ˵ĻѾĺˣҪȨ죬͸ɱҡ
⻰½κӶ˵ģڳˣĺֻû˵ˣҲҪ˵ʲô飬ﶼиס
ȻҾͶְɡ
½κǰһվͬʱȫ˿ˣҪûõĳʲô¡
ξٱ˫۲ͣĿӷ磬·ӳӷǱҵһӰɣɳӷֳ̬ȣ͸ʶƵġ
ã֣챻㺦ˡ
ξٱһڲߣʱ
ˣ°ɡ
ξٱ¸һתſڶû·ˣܵʱξٱû뵽ǣԼһתһֻ֣ѾץסԼļ
ৡ
ߣ
ξٱһ½κվԭһҲûڳûȥ
˵ðɱ½κӣǲһ˶˵ΪʲôҪȥֹأ½κˣҪģ˿ûκιϵѽ
ξٱµĳۿҪȡ½κӵͷǳ廹壬ڶЦҲˣ

½κӸһı飬һҲżӣվǲ
֮£һӣֻһ⣬г֣γһɫһֱӵξٱһξٱսһ̣ξٱµ壬סˡ

ҹǲû̫ĳԾǺ֪д˷Ƶġ
һͨˣȻзⷨǿΨͨõģ˵ǲ̫ܵģⷨΪͨˣΪƳġ
ӷ罫ǰһĻʮģʲôˣ½֮ϣһ֮⣬˭Ƴ˵ķ
ûѵйϵ𣿻˵İйϵ
ܣȻҹǶķԾǾ˵֪ķȻ֪Ҳһ뵽ϣɵڣǶûôɼǿԿ϶һ㣬𣬸İ֮䣬Ӧòκιϵͽˡ
ͬģȻ֪ķվ½κǱߵģɵڣǳ廹壬ûηģ֮⣬ӦҲĽˡ
Ѿξٱ¸סˣܲˣҲξٱ䵽ϣ̺ˣҴȥ
ûֹҹǶûȥֹ飬ǿɲ᲻
ϻȥ
һ£ˣȫ˳ȥ
үүǲҲҪȥ
ҹЦû뵽ᷢչһǱߣ鷢Ϸ鷳ڣϷʹˣȥ鷳
Ƿˮתѽֵ嵹ùˡ
ӷƣ֪ǵսڲʽʼ˿̲飬Ǿ̫ԲԼˡ
ҹʲô
ڳſڣͻȻͣһ£ȫˣȻҪֹǵġ
ôҳ壬ϷͲȥ忴Ϸ𣿡
ȥңʸ𣿡
ûУֵ¼°ɡϷȥϷ壬ɱȥ
ܺãǽ죬壬ʽսɡ
ٷϻͷϷ֡
ǣүүˣҳȫɱ塣


1572 һƴ
ǿսˣôŵģǰģƽճ໥֮Ҳǻˣ˭Ҳκβ˭
ìܼȻѾչһֱӾܵȨڳ˵Īĳ裬رڳҹİʮϡ
ղ˶ϣѵպöԷɡ
ǵĴʱ
еȨǱ߻һ㣬Ҳô
ǵؾ棬Ҳ˵ǽ棬ǾԵĴȨֻҪһ£ǵؾȫӿ
ǣؾľ£̵ʱؾǲҪսģֻҪѼҿþˣȻҪңǾҪŷǷı£Ȼ˴ӺͻϮ˵ǿˣ»ȫͻϼң˵ǵؾڵսⷽ棬ҪսľĶ࣬սľӣҪؾü֮䣬ɴγһƽߣ໥֮ʵͬġ
ڳҹھͬʱǱߣҲѾȫǵؾһֵսȫΪ˷ȫǱ߿
ǣѾɱеľ񣬺ܶ඼˼ﲻҳϾ֮飬ЩΪ˵ģֻ밲ȥ˵ʵ˭ϴ󣬸ûκιϵ
кܶվڳߵģЩ˵ΪҲһľ磬˿̣Щˣȫ˸ͬķװǱɱȥ
һ̣ǳҹǶڴԾõģϼһҲ׼ģ˭Ҳ벻ⳡսչ
ĳֵϣҲ˵ΪǱߵһСֵϣΪҵսŸոտʼմɱ
ֵϵˣ֪ʲô£ˣȫ໥֮ţѵǰǣİǵľӴ
ҿܰɣѾˣӣһսѽ
˵Ŀǰ⻰Ҳ˿ĻɣһʰöǻؼҵĻؼңȻҲһֵˣǳɱķȥġ
ףڻǶˣ
̾˿Ͳ󣬿ôĳ졣
˵ĺ統ңŮǳȽϸ߹󣬵ССԸ񣬸ЩǧС㣬֮ˡ
ѾͷϻȥɣǸôĵط
ϰﻰ䣬ͷǱ˺˵ͷˣΧסˣƤҪȥˡ
ʲôɣͷˣѵһս𡣡
ܲôˣܺãڳѣǱȥæ
֪ļһƾЩСɫҲҸΪСȫȥɡ
ֵϣȻҲͬʱҲֳ֧˫֮䣬Ѿ
ףͷˣ
Ѿͷ׹ȥ
УҸһȥȥš
ĸŮһȥ
ϰһ˽ͷǼǰһһ˵ָ

һҽ죬˷һһŮ˾Լллλˡ
ǺˣȻҸΪУĲͷˡ
ϰгһӣݺ˵ޡ
ޣϰ֡
С㣡
ߣȥǱߡ
ѾͷһҲŹɱ
յ
ŮٶҲͼѾǰ˸гһѿ񵶣һһļȫնɱˡ
ǣҪģټɱ塣
С㣬û뵽־ǡǷ˳һģϾͰټ͸һս
ڳͨ·ϣѾǧˣǾ񣬻ǾӸؾȫ
ӷ֮Уڣûж֣ǰһϣסˡ
ãĶʱȳ壬ֻҪֳ壬Ҵɱʱ򡣡
ӷ粻ǲ֣ڵǣԽԽãǴܾˣԼٳʰо֣ɱȸֶҪõĶ࣬ҲĶࡣ
壬һ壬ȻҲһЩˣǳġ
ĺԺĶѾ֪˽
ȥҴķ䣬ܷʲô£ȰҴȳȥ˵
ãǰҺ󣬴ҷͷȥɱˣɱ
Լٶȣסķ䣬ʱûˣҲ˵ˣûļ
뷿֮պŵģĶһ˽ɫôѿټɱѾ
ӣǲǵݱˣ
磬ǵû֣Ѿ֪ǼðˣѾɱˣǱҪ뿪
Уǲǰǣ뿪ҲӲȥġ
ģ˾ǣһڳǱߣղҲǹԽҴǵģ֮ǰͲ֪ˣ塣
ʲôǣû°ɡ
ģû£Ѿһɱ˹Ҳһ취ס˫ġ
ߣԹӵԸ˵ȻǵѾˣֻҪ뿪һɱġ⣬֪ͨҶǱߣڣǵʱɳǰǣǵңǰʱգǣǵˡ


1573 ʧ

İǣʿææӴܽȹ˵аǰ
˵ǵľӣʲôطˣ
뼸˵ʱ䲢ǺܳгǵľӣѾİ߷ǧˣƲʮ죬ܵİǡ
س۶ǼľĿǰǺܿ죬ҲҪʮʱ䣬ܵ
Ȼûİǵؽ磬㼱ʲô¡
ǣǱ߳ˡ
ʲô
⼸ǵĳ۹ǵ飬ڴű˵Ǳ߳⣬ĵаǼȫһ¡
Ŀǰλã֮䣬ҲֻһǵĳûˣаҲڵţǱˣ˵Ҷ֪ǵĳ½κֻǸ裬ֻҪҹһǾʼǵļƻ
ڣűȻ˵ǳ⣬ڼǵ˵ǼѽһҪǣѵģΪ֮ǰѾź˰˳ǹǵϸڸ裬˿ĳ
˵Ƿ浽׷ʲô£
سǵĳ壬Ѿˡ
ʲô
һץס˴űûİȴʲô˼
˵׷ʲô£첻ǳҹİʮǼѾȥ֮䣬Ϊʲôʱ
سǼȥˣȫˣΪڵǣѾҳһţˣǿ׽룬һ룬·һ
Ǿ·һ˵ʲô˵ǵľƣѾչ޷ʰĵزʱ򲻹˭ܵȥɱ֮ģҹǣƶѾɱۡ
Ļ쵰ߵļƻѾȫźˣǱߣȻȴ
˵ȲҪǵ֪ģҲ֪֮䣬һս̸˵ʱҶѾӦʱֵģҪ֣Ҳȴ°֮Ϊʲô˫Ӧ˵飬ͻȻ֮أ
˼ǣڣ£
Ҳܿ϶µĻǺԣͣѾˣһ֮⣬κϣǷսġ
ΪʲôģǲŲܣǹϵǼǵδѽ
λѡ񡣵һˣǸǵˣ߳ϣ֡ڶǰǣֹҵһսȡס
ʱܵȥܻᱻǱ߷ǵĶס
Ǿֻˣǵ޹ءǵĺҪǰǡشҶѾ͵ֶˣȻǶѾˣǾ͵͵֮һͳУǵʱҪ״ͻϼѡ
аͷôˣҲѾûʱٵˣҪеֱӹǡ
̾˿˵ҵ۶Ƿ棬ٶȣϹǿߡ
ĳҲԡ
ҽɳͬԡ
ǹźǣѪǸħǷû⣿
ûʲô⡣һ֮ڣаܸϵ
ܺáǴҾͶ׼һ°ɣǱߣһ֮òµģǣҪ֮ڣѰǸ
ǿŸոմǷ洫ţϵݣѾĿǰ˵ĺˡ
Ŀǰ˵ǰǳʱܾ˵ʱ򣬰ֱӹǣֱӽǸ
ĺ£֮ǰ붼û뵽ģҲû뵽ԼĴС壬ӷȻڳ壬ҲΪϵŻʹĳǰսġ
ʧʧ˵ڵİˣĻպҪǣͲˡ
⣬Ǵֵ
󽫣֮˽ܽģµģǾԽĴ٣ȫΪҲڳӷ뿪Ǻһ¹档
кηԸ
ֵѾսҲǹõʱǶˣ̴ȫȡ֮ڣǸӻǸӦϵġмǣΣһܺõĻᣬĺãԲһһ䡣ô
ǣ̾װ
ǵ˵ͷϣһж˳ɡ
ħ壬̷ħոմϢǹǸǵϢ
ˣ
׾ɫ䣬еԱһ˵ǣǴһͿһʱѽѵ֪߳ǵĳѾۼİǣʱ԰Ƿ𣡡
㣬ǲǰǷ֪ǵСΪǵʱѾɱȥˣ
ûһ۶ǼҲһ֮ڣۼǧǿߣǡոջȥİѾˣڵİǣһճǡ֮ǰΪճǣСӻӦϾ۶Ǽʱ֪ǵʵڣʳ˴һսİȫûҲأʱЩصǵľȥǣ͵ֱӸȫ£ǣûһҲûһ
㣬һ۶Ǽǿɾͱסˣ
Ⱥħޣѩ֮⣬װܵ˾ţȡֵ۶һʱɡ⣬϶ȥһǣ̸ͣϻذȥһǿԲҪǣܶˣ͵ڽӪ͸˵ˣպҪͱȵ컹ˡ
ǣϾȥ
ϣһжļɣӷѽӷ磬͹ӣΣҪȫˣߣ޷̫࣬Ȼͻᱩ¶̫࣡


1574 ֮䣬̵˼
ʱ߳ǽǧǿߣѾǰϵİǡ
ȻİǣڣȻɵа´İ֮ǰʳ˴ȫû٣ϼǧľӵġ
ȫѩ°ǡ
ǣ
۶۶ǿߣҴӶɱǡ
ǣ
ĳǿߣҴɱǡ
ǣ

߳ǵѾǳѩ֮ʱȴһȺħ޸סˡ
ô£Щħ޴ðģ
᲻ǰ׾øĹ
ܣǰǵʱģħǱ߲ô֪ˡֻǸɺϰˡұȥЩħޣ·ꡣ
ҡ
²á
ڰ֮飬ֱӳ鷿ǵȻһһֲĸоͷ
ʲô£
س۶ǣİǵ߳ǿϣѾѩ
˵ʲô
ǽеıʷ£Ҳٶʣֱӳңɽۣ֮ѩΧ
ֻȺǿߣ˷ԼΧ
ã鷳ˣ
ոսǣû뵽۶ǼȻʱͻȻϮԼߣһһ䶼ûС
ʮ߹ڣ
ʲôԸ
ϸϴǵľӣеľȫĹϸȥǣûļӽлĻ֪ͨӰߵ۶߳ǿ֣֮ڣǣƣ
ʮ߹ɫȫһ䣬죬ܽлӷϲĻǰǣزסˣ
ǣȥ졣
ˣڳ󷨣ܵá⣬֪ͨ壬ûڰǵС㣬ǿߣڳĵһߣɱ㼸У֪ͨȫǵˣǳ˵׼ɲ򲻵ʱҪȫ˵ֵС
ǡ
˿ǵķӣҵʧߡǲĻʱҶл
ǸҪתسʱͻȻУһ֣漴еĺ֮ǣɢǿҵĹâûأº⣬Ǻ֮ǿʼƶ֮ǰƶһߡ
⣬ſƶǣҲѾչֳ΢Ĺâǣʼһߣƶ˵ǣûƶǣһߣھ֮ͷٴγһźɫǣźɫǰ޹⣬ںɫǰĲԶȻһѺۣѺУɫĹâǵѺۣȴǺܴ
ʲô£Ϊʲô֮䣬һߣֶһǣǵѺʲô
ħ壬׾ҲѾе䣬̾ڿʼˣڿʼˣ
򣬽أһǿҵ𶯣𶯣ǽеطѺۡ
һѪɫĹâĽڣڿʹˣȫظȥ
ַʲô£
ξǰϵˣҲĴء
ӣں䡣
䣿
˿̣Ľڣһ޴ʯͷ˶һ޴ԲʯΪѪ֮ɫ
ѪɫԲʯǶĺɫǣٵ𣬽ɫǲ׵ľ룬ֹͣ龰ȥͷ·УʮһǣָһָоеѪɫԲʯҪǿźɫǺΪһӡ
ǣѾסˣӷĲ΢΢һʱŴĶѾȳ壬Ҳ˵ԼԴɱˡ
һ֣ûκ֮£ӷҪˣȴϣе䣬óӷʱֹͣ
֮λˣ
ݰ׾˵֮ǰǵı֣мĳ֣֮¶ѾˣҲ˵֮ӲѾֻ֣Ҫһλǻ֮Ӳͻڴ½ĳط
񣬺֮Ѿλˣ˵ʲô˵֮Ӳˣ
ӷ翪ʼ˷ܣԼѾõܵõѵĻԼİҵмġ
ܶ飬󲻵ʱ
֮λˣ֮ǰӷĵʮҲˣԶǸʲôǿǣʯͷĶޱȾ޴һԻ½
֮⣬ӷҲֵѺۣѺУʹâ
ʹâӷһʮϤĸоָоǴ½ǡ
¥ãϷɵģħޣһɸĻе壬еڣкܶࡣ
ܵģҲħޣҲһɸĻе壬еڣͬࡣ
ĴУȴǱȾգôǳӷļ硣
йϺ֮ۡ
ѾҹϺ̲ٴγֽգѾ֪˶ٳսֻ˵еϿ֮⣬֪˶ٳս
һ£һɫ·ӵ㣬ڲͣĶͬһ˿Ʈš
һͷƮݵĳȴ˿ĺɫǰ׷ӱȥŮˣҲʮˣ֤ȴһǣĮĴ˶
̫׷ʲô£Ϊʲôҹг˾飿
һ£꣬һƺţ佣
Ҳ֪ʲô£ͻȻ֣ңھ֮ǰһѺۡ
̫᲻ǺǱߣѾүӵ󷨣
ܣүү󷨣ȫô̵ʱƽġһǷʲô֪顣
̫ǲǸȥ̽һ£
֪ͨţСѣϵϲһ£⵽ô£⣬裬õģӷ粻ڵʱ򣬲ܷʲô£ҶῸסġ
ǣϾȥ죡
̿ҹգǾǰѺۣ֮ϣѾˮ
ѺͨĻ㣬ҵӷ绹Ұɣ


1575 涴
Ѿͳһ˻δɳȥĴҲѾʼ֮ȥˣŮҰ֮֮ǰѾ¶˳ôǽδ˴棬򵽾Ǵ½Ǳȥˣͳ棬һ޷ռݵģ䣬ǵ
ҵľĴȫȫδȻƽʿǼǿߵ޷ͻǿ󷨣
ȻҵľĴǿޱȣҲԵģĿǰǿųԶɽǼֵڶţδ򲻽򣬿һĴľԶɽ˵ľҴ󣬾ͻԶʧǸʱ򣬽δһɱһĩա
ȴ;ǽδĿǰΨһģս棬ȴҾĴƣҪʱȥ졣
δսòϣӷԾǴ½ȷС׼ˣֻҪһ˿Ļᣬӷ綼ϾǴ½粻ͬ䣬֮ԴΪ磬ĳǿߣҲģһӷܹշЩǿΪԼõĻûܴܽδҪǴ½еĳǿߣǰǣӷԼΪҪﳬ硣
ˣڤǵȾŴǣΪʲôͻȻһߣ
ѾǨƵ򸽽ҲΪ˸õĹ۲ߵ
Ǭվڽδ󣬳ǼҲȫվڽδߣһƽףδ¶ĿŮˣŵģǶʢϵŴ֮ǰǵѺۡ
δͷڵ˫۾ɢ⣬˵飬ͻȻֵѺۣδ̫ĳԾ·һУƵġ
ӷܵڣжˣ
һڵһϵûеĻһ⣬ʵĳǵ˲֪δôġ
ˣӷѾʧаʱˣںηʱû
δָǰԶǵѺۣ˵ûУǾ֮ǰѺۣǴ˵е涴ֻҪͨ涴ͿԵеκһطӷ磬ǳ涴Ķ档
վ˵ȥɱ
ɱȥҲɱˣο涴δȫ򿪣ǹȥģǱߵˣҲ
Ǳߵˣӷڵĵطˣ
Ȼһ磬Ȼ˴ڵġӾްҹԣͷӷ˾Ǵ½Ŀģѵһ᲻֪𡣡
Ǵ½һô磿
һǿݺ磬ĵһ磡
ʲôһ磡ǲǻӵĳǿߣ
ǰȷˣڣѾûˡ
Ȼ֪ӷǸ磬ΪʲôȥɱڳѾռ䣬ӷ绹δǿ棬޵еĴڡһӷǿʿΪƣ¾㣬ҲδضĹˣ
δһҲں˵ĹںģӷܻȻһĺϷز棬ͳҵģҸǵĶԼҲʵʩ
Լǣ˭
δתȥǾ֮ǰĳ涴˵Щ飬Ҳ֪ˡ֪ԪظڰԪأô𣿡
˵㲻˵ɹڰƻ֮񡣡

δһЦ˵ȷ֮񣬵ԪظڰԪأȴģҲûǵ͡Ԫأǹڰһһطġ
ʲôһط
ûһסĵط򡭡
ڵսѾ˰ȻҵȫѾɱۣ
ʱ˿̣ѾȥеˣΨӷһˣǵʮźǣǲ֪ʲôطյʯͷ
ʲôȥһôʯͷǵѺǡ
ӷȻһѺзʹһͨеȱڣѵǡ
涴ûһǳ涴Ҳ˵лȥˣ
ӷ翪ʼ˷ǣԼս֮ˡ
涴Ļ涴ʱ֣ӷͿԻصȥɷһ룬ԣ涴ͨ涴ҲĶǵѽһңԶĵطǾ鷳ˣ
ǰĳӷ磬Ϊ˻ؼңһ᲻ģֱӽ涴ģĳӷѾˣΪһ֪յͨäĿĽȥҪȥҲҪȲֻҪ涴ʧܻа취֪ʲôطġ
⣬ӷܻȥǻȥ֮ʲôأ
ڵԼǽδĶ𣿱˵ǽδģŮ洣Ӧɣ۷徳ĳǿߣǰţҪδ棬ҪɱŮˣ
̫ļˣ٣¾Ǵ½˵
˼һתһӷ˹ӷҲѾֲԼǳģģնɱ˵
νն졣
ͻȻӷ綯ˣһϦ֣ǧ֮Уһ·˹ȥ


1576 
飬飬顭
ĽֱۣӴӽͷβһϳӷ籾Ϊǿƻû̫࣬ѾһһˣȫֵϷֳŶվ
ӷվڽͷβˣʱ򣬹ĶѾȳ壬е䣬ӷûʱȥ̫࣬Ҳû̫ʱ˷ѣ֮λ֮Ӳʱ֣ӷҪһʱõ֮ӲλãҸǰһΪá
ŴȻһ޴ܣھǴ½ܣҲܸӷ벻ջ϶ľ磬ǲ񷶦ѪǹƻҪܳһʱ䣬Ǵ½ܹĻԳӷƲ⣬꣬ԼͿԶȡǣɱػսδˡ
ʱ䣬ڶѾ˰ˣ˵˵̲̣һһ죬գۣ͹ȥˡ
ˣȫֹͣΪӷһǴ󣬶һǲҵģһȥǳеµģʹĳҹǣȫڵһʱת˽ͷǷֳһ֮ˡ
㣡Сӣ㵽ǰ˭ģ
ҹеŭԼӵˣȫڰԼԸ壬죬Ҳýʱ򣬿û뵽ԼӾȻ˷ɱԼˡ

ӷһЦ˵Һû˵Ҫǳɡ
壬ǾҪˣѵǸĹɿǵı飬ʲô֪
ǵˣӷ⻰ͿˣǺʵСӣ⻰Ǻ⣿
ûʲô˼첻ǳ壬壬ͳͳҪ
壬ȫҪ
ڿʲôЦսȴ˵ҪͬʱԷңѵͲ£ȷ໥֮Ķսֽɵ
Сӣûˣȡ
ˣֱӳӷ硣
ӷһϦһӣৡͷڵء
ӷֱɱ˳ˣͷڲ֪ԼˣӷǣĿĵġ
٣ôĵӣȻʱɱҳˡ
ͷû̫̳࣬ӷչҰްĹ
ӷȻ֣һϦһգһȭ˳ͷ

һУӷղѾùˣܶˣѾʶˣ˵ǳͷ㻻ǳҹǣδصֵס
ͷСġ
顣
ͷ󣬵Ӧȴǳ죬ӷһԼһתɳӷһǰͷΪ͵ֵס
ҪͷͻȻԱߣһ޴ʯͷ˹ֻ¡һӷʯը˷飬Դˣ˳ͷһ
ʲôˡ
һŮ˵Ӱ˳ͷǰ
ãڻˡ
ǽ޻ˣ
ԼŮǸˣԼŮʱ治֪Ǻǻ
ףȴ˾£Ӧ
ãѾͷǴ󵨡ϴ
ҹԼŮ˳ӷ磬ⲻȥ
Ҳһ˵ЩûԼŮŮһ𣬵Ҳʱȥ忴ĸŮģİҲ֪ԼŮΪһôľ磬ʥ綼ûȥԸһʥ۷徳ҲԸ˵ǿߣ֮⣬ʵڲܷκε漣ˡ
һʱͽŮ
ѾͷŻȥ
ţһʶ컹ǵԹءǸʱǻΪǺˣû뵽Ǳĵġ
Ѿͷ½ˣϻȥ
ȥ죬ǵˣŮ٣˳߲ߣ
Сӣ㵱˭ˣȻҿڳԡ
ҹŸ䣬ৼӰ˳ӷߡ
Ǹٵ͡
Ķʱ˹˵ģˣҲﲻ֡
ӣˡ
ܺãôˣ
ӷģѾҴ簲һǳȫĵطҲġ
Ȼˣǽ죬ͷſ֣ɱɡ
Ķǰһսָǳҹǵ˶ţǰλİ͹ӣ͡

ɣôֳһͣǼ١
ͣ
˵С͵Ļǽ죬ǿ鷳ˡֶ˵˵ͣϷ򵹲̫š
ϼһԭˡ
ϷӲڣ֮ǰݵȷе㻳ɣôҲ벻͡
ôǼ壬ǵĳ֮⣬壬ʲôܣ
ʲôܣͣûд˵еôУʸΪϷĵӡ
Է޻ճӷΪͽȴ벻ǵӷû
ԭ͡
壬ʶһ㣬Ϊǣڱӵƿ֮УǳϹ˳ҰǵĻǱӿԱ֤ǳһһ䣬򣬽죬ǳ塣⣬Ҳһ
ͣƾʲô˵ȴ󻰣ѵѾǸΧϷ㣬˵ǸûκεľӣУҲܹġ
ȷǵĵƣҪ̹ȷǲܣҪѵʱ䡣
ӷûҪԼģǱߵӷҲ֪
ҪҰӣǡ
ǾϷ򿴿̵ģʲôɡ
뿴ǱӾЩˣףˣҲ԰ı۾
˶٣ӷһϦָ죬ѾôˣôĿܣ죬㷢ӳʵծʱ򡣳ɡ

ЦǣһӰվ˳ӷߡ
ߡ½κӣĳ


1577 ̶꣬һ
һս½κӾܵĲӰˣ˶ΪϵĳΪ̰ܻ±ȥˣȴϣȻʱ֣ң˽ġ
һЦ½κվ˳ӷߣɸǰһûκε𣬿̬ȣȴʮȵת䡣
ǴͲмеһܣаͳҲὫġ
½κӣǳȽӲˣҪǰɣ
½κЦĳǿӲġӲʱżӲһ£ʱ򣬾ǿҲӲġ
ҵѾȫ˳ӷһ˵ϣҲȥںһ½κӡ
Ǻǲмı飬Ҫڵһʱ䣬½κӸɱɱ½κӣǵĳ֮λҹ֮Ľˡ
ͣ첻ô㶼Ҫѵ㻹Ϊһ֮ټܷʲô漣ɣ
ӷ˵½ǣǳɱλȴûоͬ⣬ʣ£ô
͹ӣǱĹͣڱĵϣ˭Ҷ㡣
½κӣ
̲סˣһ֣ضȡ½κӵɱӷ硣
½κǱǣǳʱӷȻԱһˣ˵̫࣬ͽˡ
ʵأƽôŮ˵ʵе㲻ˡɼȻҶԱĹô
½κȻת֮ͻȻ˳ӷһ֮⣬ϵˣҵȫȥЩûнʥ۷徳ˣ˵ϡ
½κȫһǿΧУ֮ڣɢɫĵЩɫĵΧͣķ˭ϣ˵壬Ϳʼ
ޱ䣬˿̵Ҫ֣һУѾ̫ˡ
½κһ̧ţǸϿգ漴ӰһˣһϿգһֱֻ֣ӾͰסǵͷ
ˣվŵĻǵµģһĻˡ
˭һУһ֮࣬ͽǸƷסˣǵƿУǵ˵֮ѽ
ҹͷǼӵǿߣ½κӵͻȻָסˡ
ⲻܣô
ҹԼ۾˵ۻ軨˵Ļڳвɣѵȫ
½κǰסǵ֣һģ顭һˣ׹䡣
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ϣҳһǾڿ֮ڣͷϣѪ۾䣬ӸͬʱѪ
һ̣պø˹ǰһĻʱȳҹҪӵĳԾ
ˣ꣬Լʶô½κôǿ֮䣬Ȼʥ۷徳ǿ߸ɱˣ
ûˣ½κӵһ֮£ˣֵĻᶼûУٿ½κڵı飬Եĺɣ͸һƽƵġ
ô
ǰӷߣȥ½κӡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵С㣬ӣʲô֪ѽ
ΪʲôΪʲô
Ϊʲô⣬Ӧشɣѵû𣿻˵Щ½κӴһȴһ㶼˽Ŷˣ˵ˣӦ˵һ𣬶ǣһֱڼ
䣬ӷеһϦħֱӼĲϣͬʱ½κѾأ

˵ʲô˭֪ӷҲȻġ
½ģòɱ˵㡣
͹ӣܸӵĻǾʱһɣϾкܴô
仰˶ɵˣЩһֱڰ½κӣٴǸҹҪɱסģڣ½κӾȻһ־˵ˡ
Ȼʵ½κӿʹͬˡ
ӷ˵ͷ˵Ȼ½˵ˣӣһҪġҸӣҲҪԸҪӲѽС㣬ǰ㱳ɣ򣬽죬һ
ˣ
ˣ˭֪ȴû֪˭
ղ½κӻɱǣ̼佫ɱͬʱܶ˵ͬ뷨Ǿǣˣʵ½κӣֻЩ½κӶʵѣڣŽչֳӷ½κӵĻ֤ˡ
˵ʲô
ȻǲϵģԼûˣУѵԼھ˵𣬾УԼͻ
ӷ˵½Ϊ֮ף½ҵΨһ̳ˣ˵˵Ҹô죿
½κӲɵһЦ˳ҹ˵֪ҸղΪʲôɱǣȴԳҹ𣿡
һ治֪
Ϊʲôҿɱϼһ
ŶΪɱ
ѽ½κӵΪǶɱҹΪǲ£ôɱǣȴɱ˳ҹ
ҹڳˣѾˣ½κӣƽһĳȻһǿߡ
û϶죬һľ磬ھǴ½һУһξ֮⣬ڣֶһǿߡ
Ǵ½ѽǴ½һô磬䴫˵϶쾳磬Ȼ˲ֵǮ㣬ּܳҲʵڿ˰ɣ
ɱ˵ˣҲɱˡ
ӷ仰ǴԲѡ
ʵ֤ξͬʱܸ˳ӷ磬ܳӷʲôֶΣʲôƣ֮䣬ӮӮڣֻ߸ߵģǿߣǲҪκνڵġ
Ҳɣڣɡ
½κӷһЦܾǰһֱҪ̳˵λӣ˵һʼڸ½ңֻʣˣҼ̳г֮λȴͻȻʧʧʮʮ꣬죬Ҳó˰ɣҵĺô硣


1578 ۶壬
ҹ˿̵ǸӣΪԼı㣬־ڱصõ½κӺ硱ʱĵģһʱ䵽޵Ԩ
ʵ̣½κӣҹһӣΪ½ǿڣ޷ѣ֮жԣɲ÷ѣֱĳһ꣬ĳһ죬һݱȽ⣬ȥóҹʼͼıǵļƻϳҹ֮ˣ½κ֮ˡ
½ν֣ѾʧǶʮˣֻҪǶ½˽ˣͻ֪½ҵһУһ½κӣһ½νֵܣֻΪ½ҵļҲһεĳ½νԸ񣬳Ǵ֣֮ŻѡС½ν½κΪ̳ˡ
Ǹʱ½κһ֪Լĸ̳˵ʧһŭ֮¾뿪ǣ½ңҲ½νӼɾˣڣ֪½νģǼ١
½ʲôʱϳҹģǳܣڳҹΪʲô½νҸͼıǣΪ֮½ν֪ѧһ׵ı£ʹĳҹò
Ȼԭ˵ҹ½νöǵģֻΪ½һ½νõģЩûҵ½κӵϣҲûз֣ȻǲҶ֣ɱ½κӣֻǿס½κӡ
û뵽һбȫٵģܵ½κӣʵҲǿĺܡ
죬½κͻȻ֣϶һľ磬ֱɱǣ½ν֣˵ʲô˵ڣ֪ߣɲǳҹ½νˣ½κӣӢĺܣ֪ʲôһС
һʯеվ˳ҹǰһ鲼£Ϣǿޱȣһ֮䣬ͷ·ɱһȺˣ½κɢƣȻ¡
ֵܣȻȫ϶һľ磬½ңȻһ¾ͳǿߣⲻò˵ǰĳӷ֪ģʵ̫ˡӦ˵ǳӷ֪̫ˣΪܶ˽Լص̫ˣƭȫµˡ
֮䣬ͬ㣬ʵǶѽǰΪ磬ʲô̫ǿŷ֣ǿɫҲôһѽ
˽죬ӷŷ֣ԼյǴ½ʱ뷨̫ˣ˵ʲô˳ȵǿ֮⣬棬ҪĶࡣ죬ӷ罫Լ֮ǰ뷨ͳͳƵǴ½ܶˣǿĻϷͬǿ
ðɣòϣһǳΣյ磬˲ΣգֶΣҲʮΣգ˵ģ½ֵܣ֤ˡ
վԭأܵвһ̣Ҫȥĵط޾ĺڰռ䣬û˿ԡ벻ͨǣС͸½κһΪʲôδ֣½κǿʵ
ûǰ½κӣȷһСʱΪѾʥ磬֮ļ꣬ΪһûУǵΪʲô죬Էӳǿߵ
оǣ½κӣʲôʱ򣬸ӷ쵽һˣ֮䣬û˵仰ģµʱ½κӻ³ӷµҪһֱѽ
ΪԼǴڲףԭԼǸ½κƭôꡣ
͹ӣܸܲӣ
˵ɣӣҸס
½κߵǰ˵ʱˣصԼȥɡװġɩ
ɩ
½ν㣬ҹ֪ѽ
㣬ô֪ģ
һŮˣҴ뿪֮㲻ûǸ֮ĻԼߣҵһһ֪ҴҹǸʱӦģΪҴûжֲ֣뱻˻ɣֻѡʱԵˣ
û½κ˵ģʵģҲˡ
Ȼ֪ҲһֱʵΪʲôɱң
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˵ҹΪ½νĹϵôЩǲΪʲôء
½κ˵ȥ֮ǰ½ҵԴңҲΪʲôЩԭɡ
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½κ΢΢ͣһ£ݺ˵۶壬ޡ
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ڣ½νǱжˣ֣½κӣ˵κӣô겻ǳϢˣҲסˡܺã½ж
ٳƺһ磬ΪǱϾѪԴϵ֮֮䣬
Ǿ翴ô꣬ʱǿһôĵز

½κӿЦһתͷ˵͹ӣȻ˵ӻף鷳һ£
˵
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½ѽɱȴҪɱǧ⣬ҿɿˡ
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ܺã⻰ϲ½κӣͽӦ㣬ҵ£һ롣
ӷ治һĻƣ֪ƶˣŰ׾õ˵Ǵ½ģǵ棬˵ľǴ½ͳһڣ˵ľǴ½½κһ룬һưԴ½󣬳ӷһЩԼ¹ŵ˵˵ʲô¸ǣʲôЦ˵ĻΪʲôԼǵˣ
е㷢㶣˵ӺͿ˰ɣǼһʲôѽΪʲôҪĳŵ
㶮ʲô£ġһս󲻹ǻûУ٣½κӣΪˡһǿ߸һУһ֧֮䣬㣬ѡһ
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ⲻͽ𣡹Ҫģһǿߣһʵ½κɱ磬ҲޱǿֶΣɱġ
أ
ǣɱ


1579 ɱ
˵½κӽײϣɱ䣬½νȶԲ½κȣʹ½κӲò
ˣǱƳģ˵½κô꣬Լʵȫһ飬ָ½κӾ͸һˣǲ췴ãҹҵңӣһˣҲңжȹˡ
ڣ½κӸǺѡ鶼ѾչһٲֵĻģ½κԼ
½νʯУѾǰû֪ʯװʲôһͨĶ
û˵½νǱߣֻǴ½κߣĳ˫мλȥչ½κô꣬Ҳʶ½κô꣬죬ڵһ
ô˵һˣٻеģȻ½νδޣ֮ôģҲѾҪˣҪǣ½κһôãȻ֪½κӵԸһôˡ
ֵ֣ܶ½νǲ˿ģֻҪһ֣һɱо½κأΪ½ν£˫ΪѾصˣص½ܷ½κӵչֳһչ֣ľ½ν
Ҫ鲻Ӧģ
һʱ֮˹סֵ֣ѽ
ֵܣһ죬ǾѾֵˣ뿪½ң뿪ǵ죬ûҵֵˡ
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ǲ֣ܶҪ֣ҲӦ֣Ϊ½Ҷսġ
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½κǳˣǿ׵ױ˳һ֣֤Щ˽⣬ʶȫٵġ
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½κǰһ⽣˹ȥ
½νûжʯڵĶ˵ڻǶõʱҲʯڵĶ½νƣԸ½ģҲ˵ֻҪ½κӲ½½νʯǾԲ򿪵ġ
顭
ֵܣֵмλã໥֮ȭԣΪͨˣĵֵס󳬼ǿͷų֮ʱĲˣǱɽѹסƵġ
ȥɡ
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½κӴӡʱֻһͷɫľ󣬳½κӵͷΧֳͷСеСھĴ֮£ȫ½ν˹ȥ
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¡¡
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˫һһϬţ½νʯ𶯣ΧķݣȫΧȫȫĵطˡ
󳬼ǿ߶ս̫Ѱ·˶ҪֵģĲ
ӷ˵ĴսѾʼԼߣҲöˡ
Ķ˻ǹϻ٣ϵߣµճӤͳͳɱѪϴǡ
Ķֿߴɱ䣬˫УնɱͷĶĺ٣ʹ˶ξһҲ¡
үүҪѪϴǣ쵰ˡ
͵Ŀ֮Ͻӵɱͣˣȥ¸ɱˡ½ֵǱ˭ܣ󳬼ǿ߶սǿӦġ

ʱһʿӳſǱ߳˹
ȫǵľһ𣬿ڳſǱߣм˵ġ
ͷһץס˳ʿŭʲôʱˣȻڲŸ
ˣ⣬ˡ
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үүѾˣڸô죿
ҹʵʿʲôطˣ
Ѿɽˣʮ򣬶Ѿˡ
ô죡֪֪ʲôˣ
үӣǰǵĴֵɳ֧ȷӣɱһ·еСڰȷ沿ӣѾſˣһڳ⣬˰죡
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ǽģ
ǵġ֮ǰѾ֪ͨҶ磬ǹõʱ
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ӣǡ
ϻ˵ϸҳȥߴֵٶȣҹȥ
ʲôڻȥ
ô࣬ϣᷢ飬ȻǣͬʱҲʧȥǵģ
ӷѾͨ׾ã֪˼˵飬²ⲻĻ۶ǼѾ˱׼ˣؼʱ̣ĶȻ˹ⲻǵڸ˵۶ǼһõĻ


1580 ׼ɱȥ
½κ½ν˫ԣһǼм䣬벻ǣ½κӾȻʱǰɢһǿҵ⣬ֻһƬɫҶ½κӵؿڳ֡
ƬɫҶϸȥģͨҶҪȽϳ̫ͨҶ
½ν˫Ӵ˿̶Ҫˣ½κؿֵҶ̼󣬱ʮ־޴γһΣһɢޱǿ½κȳǿߣֵ˵
Žڻǻ˼ҶŽ
½κ˫ֽһɵİŽȣ½ҵļҴҶŽ˵˵½ҵ棬ɽżȻõһؼ֮Դܱɵģ½ҵҲƾ˱ȶɾһ
֪жˣڴҶŽ⣬ȴһ˵óѹʮҶŽҲδֹ壬ǳ壬½ңΨһηģˡ
Ȼ½νЩٳٲ֣ҲҪ½κӵеõû뵽ǰ½κӲܵ裬δ˱죬ǻˣֵһս
ҶŽһ϶һǿߣҲδֵܵסģֻΪҶŽ֮Դܱɣ߱ǿ֮ԴһȥҲֻ϶ϵĳǿߣֵܹסɡ
½κӽǻȥˣҶŽͬʱû˿ԥһȣֱӳ½νȥ
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벻죬Լ½κӵҲҶŽ֮£½ν¡
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ӣڸô죿
ô죿ҰǲصܣǣҲһղôãƲû̫˼Ԫ
˶٣ӷ纰ȫˣڳţٶȻָҴǽɱذꡣ
ӡ


1581 
ڵ֪ǱߵΣȫˣѾ̲סҪϻȥˣܶô࣬ԼǷԵҪһʱϻȥԼļ԰Լˡ
ǣӷȫϢһ͵´˲ľ֧ȫǳӷ羫ѡģ˵ӷȥҲһüͷӲΥӷµˡ
ĿǰѾȶȻɢЩҲȥͶ壬Ϊ˭ĳ嵹̨ˣ壬ҲδԱ
ǣΨһ˵㣬Ҳ˳ġ
½κ½ҶŽ½νҲˣڣֻ½κһǿߣʣǱߣпȥνҪǣҲûǸᣬӣ塣
ɾ½κǿһŶûУЩŮˣ඼͸ģˣЩŮҲŲġһֱ͵͵վ½κߵŮҲУЩСŮˣϲ˳ģԣҪ볹ձеľӣҲ½κӼ仰飬ӲҪ˶£ҪģҪǲҡ
ȥ£ǲܵģһ뿪ǳƻһһӳȥҲ˵½κӱҪⷢսĴϣʬĴϣһļƻ
ҹ֪Ϊʲôɱ𣿡
֪ƲԼĳҹһΪ԰ףϾǾ˵ϼһΪҲףڵ½κӣûǰη塣
߿ܣ˭ǿ˭ưԡǰϷ̫С㣬ǲϣһѽ
ЩͲö˵ˡǵĹأǵķ㻹ûǰɣ
ߣ塣
ľ壬Ӧڳɡ
½κӣϷ˵ȻϷˣɱǹУͿŰɡ
˿̣ӷѾأ⻰ӷ粻ɵĽһ仰
½κӣ磬ȽСЩˣȫɱɡ
˻һ½κӣһ¡
ղ˵Ů٣ͳͳɱ⣬ΪƲͬھѾȶĻ񲻳Ϊһû³ġ
ӷ磬½κӲòһѴ󺹣˺治֪Լպô³ѽ
½κҲԼһˣȶǣԭԼһУһӷٳֵĻԼҲһǵסġڰڳ⣬ֻҪӷһˬһ£Ѿǣס
˵ڵǣڳӷˣȻǱΣأӷֱӷǣҪǵĻ½κָô졣
ɱҪɱ
ȻҪɱɱϼһẦ¡
ҹŭͣҲ̫ݶ˰ɡѵСӶŹ𣿡
£κεĸ֮ʡߣûϵˣǳˡһǶвģˣиƢߣκεӲݣһˣնݣҪɱһɱɱһҲɱλ֣ǾͰɡ
㡭

ӷӰһֱӳ˳ҹǰһ֣סĲӡ
ҪҪԼԣӦ˵ǳЩСƨ
ֵܡ͹ӣ֡
Ǽȫ˳ǲǳˣΪӷõĻӷҲǡ
ô뵱Ӣ𣿡
仰ûκε棬Ҳ˵ҪӢۣҾµ
ΪӷԼ̫֣ȱϣԼȫˣ˵ԼԼ̫Ҫˡ
͹ӣһ£պúѽ
˭ģӣûٸûټκˡ
վʵ͹ӣ㵽ôڵǣ˵㣬½˵㣿
½κӿЦһ˵˵ûĻɣʵ͹ӸյʱҾѾЭ顣ֻҪǣұ֤ǵĽǣͻԶվͬһսϣʲôʱֻҪѣǣͻ̳
½κ⻰˵ĺˣȻǵĳǰǣڸǣȴһˣ˲ĴBOSS
½κӣûʱ˷ѡ˳ߣϵ⼯ϣߣնɱҲͶɱ˶ѣͣں
ڸͲҪҹ˵ʲôˣӲҪһ˴ӦԼģʱ򣬳˳ĵϵ֮⣬˭Լҹ
ܶˣѾԹԵĳſȥͷҲһ仰˵ˣѵȥɡ
ӷһɱ½κӸĶ࣬ӷ粻ҪЩ˷ԼֻҪԼѣ½κӵ뷨ȣ½κôȥ£Ҳӷûϵ


1582 ս
̶һʱ֮ڣбȨȫȥˣǱߵıȨҲѾ½κ֣֮ڣǣѾΪ½κһ˵¡
Ȼ岻ӵκεȨôˣҲǵκְ񣬳ͷĽ֮λֱӱȡˣȡ֮ˣȴеκˣ½κԵΣҲ˵ڣǣѾһִˣȫ½κӸˣ½κһ֮еǵְҲ˵½κǴȫȫķȥǣָĴģһϡ

ſ⣬ӷ½κӣѾͬʱ߳ʿ̵ȹڳӷǰż
˵Ƿôˣ
ӣ߳ǵǰߣѾ˰ɽ£ŲʱҪչģĽˡ⣬߳ǵĴҲٶȸϸѩŲʮʱ䣬ܵѩ֮ˡ
ʲôʮ죡ЩһĿ湻ġ
ӣоǡ
˵һȫ˵ꡣ
ڣƵȼ壬Ѿ۶ǣƼ壬ĺܶˣѾڳɧˣȻȥֹ˫ӦϵĹϵƳǱߣҲֵ˶ã
ӷڿˣĿǰǣǱסˣ̫죬̫࣬ǿտҲʱڰǣ˭۶ǼأԼļϻȥ֮ս߳ǣôĽӷ
ɲô򣬻ҪģҪ򣬻ҪļңĹݣ̫ˡ
½κӣ׼ôˣ
ʱԳ
ܺãǾͽǵľ߳ǵľѩ֮Уսһɡ
䣬ӷ紫ˡ
ǣӡ
ŻذǣûҪνˣ߳ǵѾϳȥҴȫˣ˳ǡ
ʲô
˳ǣ
ǿЦİɣ˳ĻǾ͵ѽǣװ͸߳ǵļһ
֧ǳӷ羫ѡģڣӷҪǷԼļ԰ڽʿǵٻе㲻죬Ըġ
ӷ֪ÿһĿǰҪǽ԰óװ͸ˣЩ˵Ը˵һսҲġ
ҶˣɽڣûաңҲҪˣӲġ
ѽӷ˵ˣܷʲô£ˣڷǣ£ǳأҲһѽ෴ֻҪ˳ǳأˣȫ˳ܷоһս
һΣһӲ̣Ҫģһǣ߳ϡߣҲûвȥڣǰѾˣ˵ǵľս߳ǵľʵܳţ̣ȫǿıҲǺҪġԣڲҪŻذǣǴȫǵ˳ɽҪǻ쵰ҼˡҪҲģεĴҲһûͷʱûң򣬰ǧ֮еңҲе𡣡
Ķ˵ӣһȥŰɡ
㣿𣿡
빫ӷģҶĴ°ҪʧˣҶԸ˵һӹӵȫ˳ɽģԼһǹԣֻȥţҶܻ
ӷ˵ͷ˵ǺáĶһȥҾǣҪˣҾҪãᡣ
²ˡ
سʿңǣҲֻسǵʿˣٵĿ
˵ǲǵ˴ɽˣ
ǵġǧǿߣһȫʥƷϵǿߣɳǵ͵ֵסȫȫɱˡ
һ˵ϡ
ˣʲôˣôӽ
ڲЩʱǻ취˸˵ɡ
취һ취ûˡǡ
Ȼҽȫˣۼڳſڡ죬һҲҪһ롣
ӣǻȥˣʲôˣҪоһ룬ؾ֣Ҫӳˡ
ǿʼܶԱʱȫˣۼ˳ſڡ
ֳؾ֣ȫмȣԼڣҲֻ˿ˣУһֶͨˡ
ȫˡ
û̫ķϻ˵ϻ͵ǵ
Ϊߵģȫҵǰ档Ϊ׵ģûΪˡһڳ֣ЩȫˣҲҪսͷԲͶҲǡ
һԼǵļ԰ġɡ
Ǻңȫ׼һΣҲһ·һֻҪҰʱסˣӣǵĴһᾡϻġ
ѽ͹ӣȫˣϣˣļϻǿɱһ⣬ǡ


1583 
ڳⲼؾ֣Ҳɱ⣬Ѿüسǵʿȫܵſڡ
˿̵ң͵ǵһֻʱۼȫˣΪ𣬶ſھۼôˣΪѾǵΣ
²ˣ۶ǼѾɱ˳ſڣڣͳȥˡ
ʲô쵰Ŀ湻ġˣһͬɱȥ
ˣ
ôˣ
棬棬ţȫеоǣڣŰΧ
˶ţȻȫ˸ΧԼȫˣӶţɱȥĻĵˣͻֱƳǣԼķɱˣ
ܣԷжΪʲô֮죡ɽ·Ҳô׵ѽ
ڵоûõ鱨ô࣬Ҳһǧ˶ѡ
һǧˣǾ͸Ӳˣôȫʥ۷徳ǿߣҪͻȾɽµ󷨣ҲǼ׵ѽ
˶٣ͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģ˵ǣ˸Ǵ·ˡ
ؾȻһɢǿҵ⡣
ʱĸͬʱɱ֮
ɱҽǵˣͳͳɱ⡣

ˣķţͬʱƣ

ô̬ɣٶȣҲ̫˵ɣ⣬žȻ˵ƾƣѵǽеȫһ𣬿һ㶯ûѽֱɱǣɱ¾С
ƶ죬ǳǼ˵
ûǼϼһӼɱ˳ҽȫ򿪣ŵ˽ˡö룬оɽģҲһƼǼҼҵˡ
ķѾƣѾɱˣڸô죿
ȫ߾ۼǼȫԼ߾ۼ¾͸ˡ
ڵңǳ֮ңȻǽڰǵмλãȫǵ˶ҴſڣҲ˵ȫǵģһ͸պñ˸Χס
߷ˣĸλɱ˹Ҳ˵ֱӳģΪİǣһûˣ
ɣڸô죿
̾˿һӴ̽ѽ
Ⱥڣ
׼ˡ
ֻҪ֤ȫǵˣɱһѪ·ѩ㣬ĵ
һƴġ
ܺáʱ䲻࣬ҷΪĸɱȥӳһһסӳȥˣǧܻͷҲҪȥˣ뾡һа취ҵӣбĻᡣ
أ
ңҵĴŻİɱƣѵһȥ𣬽죬ǣ͸ǹ
ˣǲǰˡ

ӰĶ˻
СãʱôܻˡǲǹӸ
磬ӸȻûôȴ֪һѡȥġҸ㣬ãѰǽȴһʱļȫȥǣ°ǰδеΣ
ѽΣǶĴǶ̫ļҪ﹫ˡ˵ЩѾ̫ˣ
ǣȥˣĶᡣ
Ķ˵⻰ʱһ㶼η壬Լ˵Ͳʲô£ˣǲǴ¡

磬ʲô˵ˡ˶ţ͹
С㣬ȫ͹ӵǲ˵ɣҪô
֮Ķݴ֮λȥһȨҡĹҽǣ£ˣҲҪ
ǡ
Ķǹϣûκεԣ˵ǵλֱӽˣ˵ֱ£ɲԼ׸硣
һ仰Ҳ˵ǲ˵Ҳǲʣڸû˵ˡ
ȫ
ݼγ
ˣʱ̣ҲҪںЩڡ֮Ķڽ֮󣬲һдۣȫ£٣ŮŮɽ
ʲô
ǣ뿪ɽɱ
ǲ˵ˣǲӦɱһѪ·ΪʲôҪֱӷ
û˵ǹӵѾˣǰǰ·ϡҲ˵ҪģǱסȥӻغϣǰװȥ
ǣɱһѪ·ȫһ¡
ɱһѪ·ǴһһһȥҪǵĻͿԺַܶǣͲҪŵģ˵֮ܵġ
һоӳŰɡ
Ķתͷ˿ΧʵСأ
͸ԣ¶ЩˣȫڰǣʱûȥǣڣǵӰû
磬Сǣ壬żǱɱȥˡ
áǼˣΪһȫǵˣӸܵɽȥȥ֧ԮСǡ
ǣ


1584 ӷ
仯̶̰֮ڣѾˣҶĶм侭ǣ˿̣ͬư㣬Ƽû䣬֮䣬ʵǽе̫˵㣡
ڣǣѾƳǵʱ߳ǵǿߣѾ˷ɱȫˣܵΣ
һƣĺ֮𣬵һģƣ
ڣӷѾͬѩ߸ϹˣҪĶǽȫǵ˻뿪ǣǾǱƣ˻ڣлһ졣
òϣ߳ˣ˵Ǵһˣʶ£ưԴ½ľƣһ߳ĻǻôĽǿ֪ġ
ȻӷֲɵӣȻ뵽һԭ˵ӷǲӦʱ򣬴ǵģҪסǵľ񣬳ӷ粻òٸ۸ۣҪ£ͲܽԼĳͳͳ²ܣȻպ󣬻˭ϸ㣬Ҹġ
һУѩ򣬷ذɽΪģֻһˣһҪɾͰҵ˵ɱԼҪҪ
һҪ£һ򵱹Ī֮£Ҳûõģһ϶۷徳ǿߣ³ϷͱȽԼ
ˣһΪؼĴڣôˣҲôľƣҲעⷽƵһôĸ߶ˡ
ӷףѡˣǺҪģԼԼүүԼĸףǵǿ޵еĴڣȥ˵ģˣҪöԵطñС֣ʣȴҪѵˣͲ𡣲ֻҪö˵طǾһӡ
ţ̫Ѫˣ̫ˡλ㣬ǻǸϽܰɣҪɱˣ
Сÿ飬ĴΣǵһڵϵģû˭ҪҲһˣʲôˣţлɾʹ¡
˳ӷ磬ԼôҪΪӷĴҵ룬Ⱥûӣ֪ɱɱļһΪսڰǺܹ𣬴ˣǴشǶˣǵʱ˭ȥӷء
λ㣬𡭡
СŸֻһ⣬ϮֱӽĿӸճ
ѽĵɱ˻ɱԼѽżϽȥɡ
żŮǣǰڣܿС֡
ӣ֪ԼͲģѾƳˣһ̣ɱԼˣʱѵõ𣬾ܻ
ҪԼߣҪǹ
ŮˣСҪֵĶࡣ
ȺûӵļһΪԼǿˣƨǣ֮ˣ˭ǵǣֻ˵Ƕʧߣɱǵˣĳɹߣµģ෴޾ˡ
С˵һ㶼ûʲô磬ǳ߿ܣ㶼ˣɱˣѵ˵Ҫ֪ʷǳɹдģЩʧߣûë߹ϵ
ǸԣѾͨ˵¶СֵĻǸԵԸ˵ǾԲӵģһ̣ȴӵĻе
˵ûڻǱҪţȻ뱨Ϊû˰Ǳ𣿡
ǽ㣬ɱȥ˶Ϻ󡣡
УɽڣҲܶԣһɱȥ
ǽ㣬εо֮ƳǣΪүүҴǵĹϵ˳˰ǣΪһӣôҪġ
˵λѽڲ˭ʱǸҲ˵ѽڵĵ˻ûȫۼֻҪ˰ǣҴǱߵһҲѾڷ;ˣѩ֮УǸʱɱòá
Сһץסԣ˵Ͻģߡ
ӣſ֣飬żܡ
Сѽۿ򣬶дĵоɱԼߵҲһһĵ£ʱ䣬Ͳ˿˷ѡ
ԣӢˣҲӢ۵ʱҸ㣬Ҳߣ㲻ߵĺãã˽ɱˣȻߡ
ӣҡ
ž
СǷʴİƣֱӾʹԵϣһĻսϣ˶ˡ
ʲôЦӽϢˣȻҶִԣǹӵˣƾʲô֣Ĳͷˡ
ȫվű𶯡֪ˣɱǰɣԣʱӭȡȴڡǣһҵģͬʱҲȫġ񣬵оѾƳǣۿǾҪزסˣǸģһζɱ˵ʲôǹɵ飬ӢۣģЩֻģǹܣֻҪסԼлǵļ԰
Ҳ֪ûǷˣˣšڼлɱȥһҪɱȥҪκһˣڣһģһɢǾͻᱻоơ
żŮˣȫɵ۵ĿС֣ӣʲôʱôˡ
Ƕ
ãż˸ˡ̫ż壬ǰ·ӼˣӲϣжٻˣɽ֮󣬻Ҫж١ڶ˫ȵģ˫ֵģֻҪһڣҲܶģصģٵģ곤ģͳͳӱס
ӽˣϻһӵèˡ
ӣˣˡ
ʮˣע⵽С֣󺺣Сֳ˹
Сġ
Сָûļת̡һһѽֱӴСֱֵۡ
ģ
СִһǷֵ͵һûǿأĴ󺺸һ
ֱϵĽγСָ߾ٳЦǰܹȣС£ƨ硣ȥɡ
ৡ
СһնȥȻĴ󺺣롣
ɱɱǵˣһ
ˣˣȫˡ


1585 ǰ·׷
ˣķĵоȫɱˡ
ɱСԽԽɱ֮⣬ʲôҲˡ
ǵСܡȫ
նɱǰС͡
ϡ
ײСֱżŮ˱м䣬ǵû˿Ŀɱ˶٣
С㣬ȥҲǰ취ѽоԽԽ࣬ǵ˾ԽԽ٣ʮӣǾͻȫ
¶ûбֻƾһɫ˿񣬾ͽܶоŵڵء
ûȥǸͳȥĻ쵰Ǹɵĺ¡
ԣڲ˵Щʱ򣬾ûƶǣ߳ǵҲɱġڱ취Ͻ뿪
취ڻʲô취˵˵ɱȥĻǽƾСһ˾͹ˡ
أ治һ·ѽЩ쵰ӵţӳΪ˴½һһҪЩ쵰Բϡ
֣ӲУϵĹ򣬻ԵģղǼ仰Ѿǵ˶࿴ˡڣ⼸СƨŻ˵ĻǺ
ӣնɱ㡣
ңҡۿбҪôصӿͨţ
ǵסǣܣ
ܣܸëߣ˵Ҫߣһߣڷƨǰɣ
С֣εı֣㹻ùˡС㣬ˡ
Ķʮ߸ȣȫɱ˹
ȱˣоˡ
ӣǵ͵Ļ˵ΪͿЩˣɱȥˣ
ˣĶڵôˣ
СģҶѾȫܵɽȥˡڹǵĴǵĴѩ߸ֻҪܹɽͿԸǻغϡ
ѾͷΣѽûˣ
˵ӣ㣬
ĶǰѺ٣ͻȻʮ˿˿ֱӴʮо࣬ǻϼҡ
Ҳսϴܵɽȥ
áˣȫ
СȻǰģɶЩܵĻ֪ѽ
ӣȥ·𣿡
ѽЩһӲŲɣ
ûʲô˵˼仰ѣ
Ҫˣȫɱ
ãҶ˵ˣϽܵɣ
ɽ£Ǵȫȫܵˣ
ùǣճܵͼǰһ֧о
ǰж
ģֲԶһз紵ݶ˭ĵ
а˰֣˵ǰǡû뵽ȻŰǵˣܵɽˣ
ǵܵĻǾڰɽмλãһֻƽڣģɰǵܵȻôɺϵƹ˻ƽڣֱɽ£
ȲҪɱˣҲҪɱԳ٤㲻˵ɱºоڣͿֶˡ
٤ɽվߣ֣Ȼ뿴٤˵мＸ
٤ɽֲɵϣѾɣӷ֮ǰʶˣ٤ɽʱԼֶȥɱ˵Ļ»ᱻ𿴳ʲô
ЩСɫѣҪɱģһˣôǿǿߣûʸҳ֡
Ȼ㲻֣Ǿɡ
˵ҲûһЩСɫҪԶֵĻԵ̫ûˡ
˶٣аһ֣˵ˡ
ڡ
֮⣬ˣͳͳɱ⡣
ǡ
ڵ̬ûΪһεĴ۵һĶûˣ෴ΪεʧǱǰҪ࣬Ҳ֪Լʵ̫ˣ˷пԭģȴͬʱΣ֮С
ˣȫܵ
ʲôڷأ⡭
ӷѾǵĳ֮λĶʱòϣλ¼ķǳãǵҲǳҶǵǲһ֮ԣǱȥ˳֮λǵ˶ǣǷǳõġ
˲ȫɱɽģһһ··ǸǵģһǸܵģҪɱǵġǾȥǰʲô壬˭Ҳ֪ԣȷܵ˶ˣһͬɱȥ
ʱ峿ˣҲѾܵ
Ƕû°ɣ
ܵǳ󣬵ڸȴǳС֮ܵڴѣͺñһն㣬棬Էһн
Ƕû£棬ео
оӦǵаǡ
û߳ǵĳӦö棬ǳȥһǻɱ
ڸô죿
ǿ˿Щˣ࣬ɶǴ̵ģֱɱȥвͨȥ
ǰûȥ·ˣ׷ƺܿ͵˵ʵڣѾˣ
ɽϵˣһܿҵܵܵɱģ֮ܵ⣬ǵа߳ǵĳÿһǿߣ𣬻ǸǿߣֻҪһ˳֣İȺڣ˭֣


1586 м
֮ܵͻȻһỤ̃Ũʹܵڵˣһʱ֮䶼ЩͨˣԴ˵ŵģϳȥҲ֮ܵڡ
ãЩ쵰ȻŻ𡣡
Ũ⣬֮ҲѾʹǵȫվסˣȥ㲻ŨѬҲᱻġ
ԣ𣬿ɲֱӷŽܵģһл֮ܵϹȻֱӷŽܵĻôģ
˫۳ɱ⣬侲ˣ֪ڷʲôʱ̲סҪܵЩһһս
磬취ȻˣҪ֮ܵˡ
취ڻʲô취룬֮ܵϲɱԼЩˣҲǳȥѽỤ̃Ҳȵоؼ䣬Ĵڡ
һ취ûˣڣֻǵˣϣǻлɣ
֮ܵ⣬ûȥܵڣȫ̧ͷ˰ɽ֮ۡ
һǿĻ棬ڰɽ֮ȼЦ˰ǣܱǼڲҪãҲɣ
ԭµڰǷһѻҪջٰǡ
ڵĻҪȣǾԲܵģǳӷڸϻҲ̫ܾȻˣɻǰУǾʹ˴Ӵ½ϳˡ
ƶ˸ɽҲû뵽ȻŻհǣԼĵ̡
ʲô˼ǲ˵ֻҪǣӦϵĻǣǵġ
Ƿŭƶ죬ǳǼҪƴˡ
Ƴϣôżһûʲô˵ģҴӦǵ飬Ҳһ쵽طΪǽһǳأӽǾͲҪ캮ض֮ˣƶ죬ҲΪ°ǵĳ
°ǣ
𣬻ʱѽȻĵطһµĳǳأ£֮ǰҲû֪ġ
ƶ໥˿һµĳǳأҲûʲôѽ͵ԼЩˣԺ°ǣΪ
ɲôһ³ǳأܱ걻ӷǿɣ͵Ժҵᣬһɡ
ѾŰѩ򣬰ɽߵҲһˣĴɱ治һֵס
аˣĵģһӷ磬ǳӷ米Ĵػߡ
ȻڣѾʼɣĴػߣǳӷ籾Ǹǿߣʲôء
ҪɱİǣҲδ̫˰ɣ˵ǰ̫ˡ
ѵкУ
ԸĽɫеĻͲܽɱ£ҿԱ֤Ͳ򿿽ߣĴҪ߽⣡
Աߵ٤ɽһЦȴһ仰Ҳû˵
սѩİѾȫֹͣ
ˣѾӷõҩκˣڸǰһȫˣҲʱΪĸ
ãӣĵطǰǣ
ָԶһɽ壬ƣѾԽɽɵ
ӷɫߣ˵һǣĻˣ
ӣڸô죿
ܰǻ٣ֻҪɽڣǾͲûգǵɽǵϴɱɽ£ǣѾɽˣһɽ½ɱġܸĴۣãͳͳҾߣ
̾˿ӷ˵ΣܣҪ¯ˡ
½κ˵ӣɱȥ»󲻵ģҿ취ɡ
½κ⻰һӷɫһ䣬仯ܿת
½ӣ߲ˡ
ٶȸѩ򣬵ȷеԲѽڰѾˣҲںʱˡԵ㶫˯һʲôġ
Ե㶫˯һǲҪ˳ҵͷҲȡˣ
ԵĻȻõġ
½κȻȥҶŽѾ
ǣ
׼սо꣬򡣡
½κӣʲô
վ˳ӷǰ½κ쵰ûгӷĻǻҵô½νֵôǲң½ν֣ôȨ
ڣ쵰Ȼǹͷˣѽ
ѵ㻹ûΣмˡ
ҽŰΧҵ뿴ΣʲôɱһѪ·
ཡ
Ƭѩ˺ŽÿһֺŽһ
ͼΧţߵţһǰţУе۶ǵģҲİǵģǵţȫڳӷΧ
ǧдųɱӷΧ˹ͬˮޡ
Ӱͬķ½κӵߣˣȻǳҹǣ
Σû뵽ɣ
ҹһЦԭ½κµǣҲǷЦ򣬽죬ǰ˳˽ɱ㣬·ˡ
ӷѾƽˣڿ½κӸղŵıʱѾƽˣҲ֪ʲô¡
ǵǿ߶룬Ӧûɣ˵ǵİסɣ½ν
ˣڵЩˣЩԭ½κͷ½κɱˣΪʲôͻȻ䶼ˣˡ
ӰһˣһŮˡ
Ůˣվ½κӵԱߣеģȻ½νˡ
½νЦ½ӣεļƻܳɹѽ
֣λѽƭĹƻĺꡣ
֣˭
ԭͲ½νǵ۶ǵˣ
ӣȻ㶼ˣȻҪġУǵ۶𡣡
㣬ӷΣû뵽ЩһʲôʱƻһеģȻǣΪһ̨ԼϲߣȻһԱǸʱԱ
λСأ
˵ǽȴǵ۶ǵĳˣҲǱ˵Ĵɩ
ˣš
ѹǣҹǶҶôˣԭΪԭ򣬸ԼΪıʲô춯صأԭ
ãܺãⳡϷݵĿ湻ǿģңҲмˣ
½κ˵ȻϷѾȻҪˡ򣬻ʲô벻ͨĵطֱʰɡ
ӷЦʮĿܳôģܲܣڶʮǰͰϷɣ
ȻܵģϷֻӴƺ֮󣬲ſʼֵġ


1587 ¹
Ŷ˵ǶôﻮôƵģȻ̶꣬ôĿܣȴи𹴽ᣬҪ۶ǵȨ֮ҵĳ֣ļƻı䣬İʱж˵۶ǵǣٽĿܣȴҽǣһԭͲĺϷҿЩ£Ͳ˵ˡ
ȻΪӣһ仰еȫ˵˸סû֮ǰұǴ۶ǵҶȨģϾϼһ͸ϵһĻǴҵģͲһˡҲΪĳ֣ҵļƻǰˣȽ˵۶ǵóϷңҲֻǰеģʲôҵĿܡʱѾʳ˴֣ʳ˴ַʲô£ǲ֪ģԿ϶ǣһǣԣɳиǰңΪģţ㣬ҶǣϣԿ߳Ǵ
˵ЩģҲȲʳ˴ַʲô£İԭӦǵƷɣΪģڽǺ󣬲˿ķ
ûЩҲȫŵġ
ΪǵϷ°ҸΧڴ˵ȣ֧İţаҲǸɵϣһǣֻΪȡҵΡ
һǣӣ㣬벻˰ɡʵ֮ǰʳ˴ȫûģİǵˣǰ˳ǣõģÿǶɳһֵ齨һ֧ʿҲ˵ʳ˴ֵĴǰ˳ǵ
ӷ粻ɵĹƼЦ˵˵ǲǸøе˳һϷΪҵǵУһ
ֻһȻûôʱȥƣıλǾͲòˡ񣬰Ի٣ƶǣѾվߣ˳ǣѾΪ˾ųˣųǵһʶ½Ͳţƾټ㱳ˣܸʲô
ȻˣҲѾ˵ϣǻʲô֣֧ͬڣһͬɱ
½κеҶŽһֹȲҪżǷôľˣǾȫˡ˳֣һ֡
ӷЦôˣҶˣҿɲǷϻˣڰɽ£ҵˣڵء
ӷ޿֣ԼмˣҲϣһ£ȫٶȣϵɽ¡
½κӴ֮󣬲κεķɣҲȶ֣ΧļҲţڣ˭ΪʲôǿߣΪ˭ȳ֣˭ǵһģһ֣ɱӷ磬˶ֻһ֮ǰѾôˣֻΪһϷڣ˭ɵȥ
аȫڰɽ£֮ܵǰȴţҲ֪½κǱߣ̶ֵģӷҲһϹǵ
ӣּˡ
ųӷӰ֧λˣȫվһ±֮ϡ
ǼƵʣ治һĴ󡣻㲻ǸŮˣȻΪڰء
򣬵ʱ㻹˵ɣǣѾˣˣȫǸڣǲ̻Ҳǻϼҡ
ãǲҳǶѾˡ
ֻҪӵˡȫ㣬֧һ
Ȼհġ
ӷ󺰵ǣȫˣ
ӷܵĳڣſһһܳǼ档
ѽҪǱѽ
һʹ󺰴еģгӷڣڿʲôˣ˷оΧ˺󣬿ĺ˶סˡ
ô£
ǳΧɨһۣ˵˳ˣ˵ѾΪʲôڡ
鷳ˣû´ĻӣҲмˡǣǸ۶һġ
磬ڸô죿
û취ˣһУҪȫˡ
û뵽Ҳнɡ
ƶ켸ȫЦǵһ죬Ҳû̫ãһ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ӷӴֵǵĸ˹һһ棬ƶڵ±ȥ
ϼһ죬͸ˡڣǲǰ˳ˣǾųˣǣǵˡ
򣬵ʱǶѾǸˣ㻹װʲôװǳ˵
װҪװ𣬶ЩˣҲûҪװѰǸǣΪ֪Ǹ۶ˣɽϵĳлˣҲĳеģԣһǣѾûˡ
ȻˣҲνˡ񽣵ķϣ㻹Լ˶ϰɡ
ҳӷѧڽأЩһǲǰԼ̫˵㣬飬ɻûǸʱ򣬲һ̣˭ܱ֤ʤ˭
˵ӣǽ죬Ҫھų֮ǰǵչֳˡ
ǲôģȻڶѾչزˣٲչֳĻ¾̫ˡǣҲҪ׼һսǾųˣһ˭ܻҪȫԼˣҲִս֮Уסÿһˡ
빫ӷģһɱȥġ½֮ѵһѩԹӵܵʲôطǴλҲܳɾһҵ
ܺáڣȫ
빫ӷԸ
ǵİס
ӷһ־죬ȫͬĶȥµĶ
ʵʲô
٤ɽҡҡͷʾ֪
𣬽죬Ǽʶһ£

֧ͬһ¼ϵĿжȥжȥ׵İϴģȫǲףͳһΪһԲʷ⣬ÿһսʿȫ䣬óһӣͬһʱ䣬Ӵ򿪣ںװŵģͨĺɫսʿǣʿǣ֣ӵĺɫȫϡ
ʲôѵǾû𡣰˵ȫ
٤ɽ˲ɵһЦ˵ղ˵ģһ֧״ͬʱҲһ֧λӡǻСĵãΪ֧λӵսսɲĵġ
أҲȲǡ
Ȼǲܾ˵ģֻˡ
ӷѾж¿ףԲʷľӣȫ
ȫͬ¹ɱɱɱ
ȫѩ򣬷·أѡ
ӷһָ±֮ϣ󺰵Щˣȫˡӽ쿪ʼȣ֧Ϊľ֮ݲ


1588 ̹˳
֧ȫжȥף˲ףÿһ˵󣬶һϸСĵСŲλһذףϵһԲʷϵգѾһ֧ˣһ֧йʽֲӣ
û뵽ӷȻйһǴ½ԲȥԵоͿףԵĺܳԿ˼һߵĲ׸͵ֵסԼһȥڵоĿϣָһɱء
Щӷûǵֲ֧ӣҲǸոսģʵڳӷɰǳʱǾѾճӷķ׼ˣ׼ģҲܽһֲ֧ӣĶǳӷ֮⣬κ˶֪ġ
ӷʲôˣԵۼӼۣһΨһѪ̳ˣǴ˳ԶɽĽƻͬʱҲų۵ѪҺǲԣ˾ʹӹ͸¶Ŀ񾢣ĳӷԾųʱһҲη塣
ߣӷȷû뵽ǻһףҲһûУʲôûУȥϵĻǳӷ񲻳ɵˡ
Ծų˵ƶǱûʲôȻ˵ҪһǣҲǳӷ֮ˡڳʲôطʲôط㣬ӷûΪղҲѾ˵ˣ֮ݲҲ˵еصĵطǳȣûб߽ûƵһȡ
磬ȫɱػʱ֮ȫΪȡ
Ȳܳӷ֧رʲôطǿʲôطھųҲ̫Ϸ˰ɡ
֧׶ûеľǾųǿ⣬ǲ̫ˣߣѾɵ֧׾սʤǾųǵؼ׾ӣֱΡ
ЦͬСƨϷƵġ
٤ɽˣȴһ㶼ЦҲû˵˫ۣĶųӷ磬һתҲûתתۣգ֮䣬ӷһ
ѵʲô
٤ɽڿٵתţ
Ȼ䣬٤ɽ뵽ʲôƵģǰվǰһָֻ֣ӷ磬ſڣȴǾþ˵һ仰
ӷҲһûָоָգͬһֻ֣һ֧ƵģֻҪһ£һս
ʵ٤ʲô
٤ɽ˵ڣ˵
ѵ㡭
ӷЦ֪ʲôи߲𣿸߲ǵһŹκãÿһŹΣãҪһЩѧУﶼѧĶĸ߲
ҲûĶӷһֻ֣䣬óһɫĲɫĲϣһЩû˿ĶͼЩͼ֣ϷɵڵܵĶ֣Ƿǳġ
ǣȻ˴ľֻҪ֮ǰ㶼ˣǾͿԽ
ǰ˵ӣǰ쵽ˣҲұ֤ǰˡϾҵЩҿɴû½Ҳû˼ЩһǳѾĿǰҲûȫɹ
ûȫɹûϵֻҪǳɹһ룬һ룬ǽյ
һӦûġ
Ǻã죬Щһʶһ£ҳȣװжɡ
Ǿ빫ɡ
ӷ¶ЦǾٸߵ֣Ѿ
ǴóһĶڳӷֳ׷ºеĶðССౡһĶУ˳ֱգУų߲ɫ̻
ˣ֪ӷڸʲôʱ̻ɵ˰ɣ̻ܾȵǵĻǶż̻ͿԳưԴ½ˡ
٤ɽ˿ɲ룬һνӣ˵Сһ㣬Ҫˡ
˵ֵʲôµķ𣿡
ǲǷһ֡
ʲô
һûеĶ
ô֪ѵ㡭
꣬ͻȻɽ¡һü޴ʯӰɽȫԲεģԲʯĹ֮޴ɽ޴ɽպǴӳӷվɽܿġ
ʲôʯͷԸ𣿡
ʯͷӦɽĶ
٤ʲôǲ֪
ڻ̫϶Ҫֺȷǻ鷳ˣ
ӷû˵ˣڰɽɽڣ˵ǳǳ񣬱ȳҪܶ࣬ΪΣΪ㣬һȽϴһȽССǲϣһ֧Ĺǿת֣ΪͬɫһΪƽɫһΪˮ
ǡ
벻ģԭӷڰɽˣɾƾֵĳʲôء
٤ɽ˼ϲѾǹӣѾ׼Լߣȫ
ӷһЦҲֵӷЦˣЦȺûļһǼʶһ£
𣬼ʶһ°ɣܳΪˣ
̹ˣ

ļһⶫҲˣǴѧģ
٤ɽһţָֻܿƽ˵򣬾ƶжѵһ᲻֪𡣡
֪㣬Ҳϡ֪ģֻ̹ͨˣ̹ģɲǻҩըʲôģǡ֮Դ
˵ʲô֮Դ㣬ͽźưɡ
ţǾʵ˵ɡǣ׼𡣡
ǡ


1589 ƽڵ
̹˳磬ͬĵӰ㣬Ӧ˵ڵĵӰҪš
ôϷ绯Խ벻飬Խ﷢
ӷǾ֣Ǻһ£Ҳ˵Ѿ´ָڰɽ̹ˣͻᷢ
̹ˣɳӷƳͼֽṹǸȥġӷȻ֪̹˵Ḷ́ЩҲ۰ˣϾǴ½ϴδֹЩҲǺܳģ˫˵ǰͰˮʹ̹棬ںܴ©Ҳ֮䣬ͻᱻ𣬵ڻ֮ǰԶȡһЩɡ
¶̹ˣ˫۶ð˽ǣ̹˿ȥΪʲôôϤǡ
ǲȥҼҼҵĶ
ֹǼҵĶѽӷѾǽǼҸˣʲôûˡ
Ѿͷȱô嶯£Ժ͵ġĿǰҪǽȻܲܽҪҵĶˣ
ۣǸС͵ȥҼ͵˶˵ǼҵĻʱǲҲˣ
ʱ
ӷȻڰǣһǳҪĶѽǼҲпܸԼйصģȻȥ϶κ飬Ǹ֣ӷǲǵġ
ǣ
ӣãҰǿ鱮ˡ
ʲô
ӷһôҪĶȻڰǴˣ¿е鷳ˡ
ϸҴȥǿ鱮ҳ
ǹӣڵİǣѾڻ֮ˣǿ鱸Ҳ
¶͵ǼҵĻʱȥѻʱҳȻҸûꡣ
Ѿͷǿ鱮ᱻջ𣿡
ᣬ˵ǻ𣬾ҽҲٲ
ǾͺáǣûСʮ˹ȣٶȣܵسȥҪڻ֮УóС£ӦѲǰɣ
ֻҪڣٴҵؾ֣ҲԿһ·
Ǻáߣָӣϻȥұ
Ǹʮ˹ȣͬʱܵڳ˽ȥǻΪӷǷˣ֪¶һȥѡصǣ
򣬿ӣѾˣȻˣҾµɡ
ǸĵطҲΪ㹻ʸµˣҹļһңǲҡ
ٷϻ첻ʲôƣһˣͳͳµɡ
ҿ𡣡
ӷһ٤ɽʶ𣬷Ƕ±ϣʶĶɶ˵Ѿİˡ
ȫûжȫ˰ɽҲûȥܽܵǣ뿴ӷж
֮䣬һǿ֮Դۼֻգۼ䣬ȫ̹˵Χȫˮ̹յˡ
ǿ֮Դһ
аϸĿţɲһ̫С˳ӷ磬Ͼӷ׶Եֵġ
ֻˮ̹ǿ֮Դ󣬾Ȼƽ̹ˣٵĿƽ̹ˣҲһ㣬ˮ̹յ֮Դ˹ȥ
а˫գգһ£ˣԭأ˵ѵǴ˵еĻƽʯ׽ʯ𣿡
ƽʯ˵ĻƽʯǲǴ˵ϡеһֿʯϣԴ֮Դͷ֮Դģ
а֪Ҳѽƽʯ׽ʯǶ֪
ûɻƽʯ׽ʯ֮ԴĳģͬһطĻǲܲεģ½ʲôط֮Դڹꣿ
ûǴ½֮Դǳ棬յҲ࣬˵ڲѭģͲʲôط֮ԴһֱڣյģزΪ֪ĵط֮ԴҲǻѽ
ãҿ
ƽ̹ǹѾۼһɼΪǿ֮Դγɵ̣ңѾ棬֮أ˹
ɫĹâֱǣӷϵЦҲת˵ЦݣԼһ̹ˣû뵽淢ӳ
ӷ翪ĵ̫ˣΪƽ̹һڣĺʹĻƽ̹˸ͳܲסֱ˻ɽ
㣬һڵλãһǻƽ̹˳ɽͬһʱ䣬һǿҵıը
¡
طıըǣζɽϣʯͣĹǵĻ棬Ҳǳɻ
ӷĺ룬Լһж׼ˣ̹˾ò̫þͻᱻ˸𣬵ǿԿڵģϣĻڣӷû뵽
һںǸ˷ǳ֮Դɵڵʥ۷徳ǿߣҲᱻˣ͸˵ˡ
Ҳһڣӷ绨˴ĲĵĻƽʯ㲻ģأֻһڣƽ̹ˣֱûˣ
¿ˣ
ӷˮ̹˿Ҫȥ֮ԴˣԼţպá
󣬻ҪԼѽѽΣǾֱɱȥɡ
һ˵Ļ죬Ҫ
̫ˡųˣɱҲ̫˰ɡҸ㣬죬ҲҵЩˣһˡ
ƾʲô߿ܣ㡭
˭˭ܣڿʼ㡭ػߣˡ


1590 
Уһ֣ͬһԲεĽŰ㣬ء
ź۵Ҳɽڻ֣ûп佱һ;춯أڽ֮£У⣬۾һ㣬޴ڣʲôطʱ֡
˴˿ȫۼһˣȫ̧ͷͻȻֵ򣬵ȻǿǿߣǴػߡ
СģػѾˡ
ǵԸӷһˣûҪʦڵľųˣų˵ҪԸģʵǳӷ米ĴػߣһΣҲ׼ˡ
ȵģǴػߣǴ½ϣɲֻо¥ĴڣΪػߵģ紫˵ǰ㣬ػԻĻǹǴ½ˣԼһȥػߡ
ЦǣĴػߣѾΪ˾Ǵ½ϵһֵ£һˡ
۵ڵĺԪ񣬱ʹƬѩһƵģЩڴϵĻƣ𽥱СʯҲѾֹͣ
һУ˵İ˭֪֮ǰԶǰģǴȻеһǱѩеⳡսҲһǱչ
ӷı󣬺һһ˫ɫɵγɵĳ֣ͬʱڳӷУһϦħУ飬ڳӷͷҹҲˡ
˵ʱ˿̣ӷҪԼеһУȻ񷶦ô˵ǰǲֱӻʵģʵڲеĻһԪֵסų˵Ļӷ粻⣬һͬʱʹԪ
֮ǰ񷶦ڵľŴԪѾһԸûԪС壬һӷҲǿԼõġ
Ǹʮ˹Ѿص˰ǣյĲεİǣҲȥǣҪӦģϾųǿӦ֮ˣǴػߡ
ڳˡλҾƴһսɣֻҪܽػɱ£ǵˣʱǾ¥򣬶ûʸǾųˡ
û˭ֻҪɱػߣȻʹ˻֮λưԴ½
ֲɵӣʱǲܳǰġ
аͻȻһŻ棬֮Уһ۵˳ˡ
𣬴½һʦ֮ǰû֣ؼʱ̳֣Ҳ˵ţͿ½һʦܸʲôɡ
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Ȼδﳬ磬ҲѾǳˣ϶쾳磬һ֮ң
ڣͷɡ
ǰˣһѾ϶һĳǿˣһ׼ǿߣ֣˾¥򣬻ħŮŮ֮⣬Ҳ޵С
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ʦ˵ãɱػ𣿡
ֻҪҺӦû̫⡣
Ҫ̫ˡػߵҶʶԡ
ö٣㲻֣
ֱӳ˹ȥ½κӼƣҲվţڣҲʱˣһ
УûȤȥһǴػߣ
Уѽڳһǿߣֵܣˣǰûôֹڴ½ϣҲûʲô֪Ĵڡ
û뵽ڵ۶һ˵壬Ȼǿߣ⻹е˼
ãȻҪǾʹɡ֣ɱػߡ
ͬʱͲȥֹѾ˹ȥ
ӷڵĵоУǿߣһ׼ǿߣԼĺԪ治һֵסϾ˼ҵģԼߵǽġ
ӣһҪԪˡ
ӷƹȫԼֵס˵޷ղ֮ǰĲ񷶦֮ڣڶԪ񽻻Ԫ񣬶Ըо
ɳӷһ֣ͻȻһɲǿ˹
ļһ
Ȼһתӷһ۾Ϳ٤ɽˣ쵰Ҳ֪ʲôʱƵԼ󣬻ԼҪ񷶦֮ǰ͵ϮԼ
ͬʱҲ˳ӷǰ½κǶԸ٤ɽˣֱӾͽӷ赲
ÿһεؼʱ̣㶼ʧһʱ䣬ٳֵʱ򣬾ޱȵǿ浱ɵˣΣʧˡ
ӣ٤ɽѾ˳ӷ·Ҳ˵ÿһγӷΣʱ򣬶ʧһᣬȻٳ֣ʱ˿ɵģôΣ٤ɽˣóӷʧˡ
ȥԸ򣬷赲ӷ籾ԭ٤ɽġ
ƾ
һǿߣһΪߵģԸӣӦ㹻˰ɡ
ӷɫļΪѿϷѾ½κǴǿ߼һ׼ǿߣǱǳ鲻ԼˣԼ٤ɽסҪ񷶨Ļ񷶦֮һԼһ춯һͻᶯ֣˵ӷ绹ǿԽ񷶦ģʱϣȴġ
ʧѽʧҿֻҪһҾȫе㣬ҵĹҵļ޹֮£ʧΡ
䣬٤ɽͻȻ˫ִһӡ
ã
򣬽ѲҵĽ֮ڣ֮⣬һеķ֣Ҷ֪
ӷûˣղΣеһԼһľ
٤ɽˣȴᣬ˽磬˵֮ڣһеķ֣֪ġ
򣬲ҪνˣϽɡ
ǰĴӰûĸˣ˳ӷΧӷΧ
ӷ米ľϵɵССķĸ޷κε˺նν͸ˣ˵նνСơ
ͷҹɢ΢Ĺâ٤ɽ˺Ƚӡ¸ѹס
̰٤ɽ˵ģһȫΧ˰ҹΧ
⡭
쵰
û´ĻǸӡ£ӦҪĺڰԪزܷӳɡΣҿɲɵҵĺڰԪؽˣղ˺ڰԪأô


1591 Լĵ
޷񷶦ͲܽԪڣѾ½κǣסˣеһսǽ˲񷶦ֵܵסΪӷ籾٤ɽ˵Ľס޷ȥ֧ԮǱߣյ֮ԴҲ֧Ų˶ã񷶦Ӳ񷶦յ֮Դܿͻľʱӷһ취ûˣ
ܲôˣ񷶦ʱᱻ٤ɽ˷֣ӷҲҪһѣֻҪܽ񷶦һеΣԷж⣬ȥֻеˡ
ü֮Ľͻ֣СڳӷüĴת
֣𣬽
٤ɽ˻Ÿ䣬ĸ̹˳ӷ硣
ӷմ򿪲֮ţ⻹ûļȥĸ־ͺñ㣬ӷΧĳӷһҲˣ

һһ׼ģԼĵȻ֪Լÿζʧǿ飬֪ˣҲԼκλᣬΪֻҪԼᣬǣ·һ
Ǳҵġ
񷶦ȥֶΣǲܽǰ֮µģӣӷҪһȼԼˣ
¡¡
Ѫʱӳӷڱ٤ɽʮף𵹻ãһǳǿߣ϶쾳ΪӷأֻʥƷ
Դ֮Ĳ࣬һһأһƷһ죬һ֮䣬ԽأӷΪǺεȵĲ࣬ȻԽһɼӷǷͬСɵģ
飬ӷǾɵģͶ˺ֲˡ
Ѫ֮ŶôƻҲֻгӷԼ֪Ҫƻ֮ڻһУҲҪۣνĵȼ֮Ľܾ˰ɡ
ңѪ
ڽ֮ڣ˵˳Ѫĸ֣ˣȴǳӷ磬ǡ
ѣôò㻹ǵС֪ģңһΣǱҷòϣΣķǳãңļƣҪɱң²ףڵˣ˾Ǵ½ɱˡ
ѣ
ӷ٤ɽѣ٤ɽ˵ӣҲ񲻷ϣ϶ڳӷ˽⣬ͻɣ٤ɽ˸ӷʶˡ
ڵһμʱѾϳ˰ɣ
٤ɽ˫ֲͣĴ磬ڴͬʱӷ˵
Χһ㸽һĽ磬ڲͣӣ㸽ʮ㣬ӣ٤ɽʮĽ磬ֵӷѪ
NOһΣһûϳ㣬֮ܵ͵ʬ壬Ҳ֪ġϴε飬Ȳƽϣ֪͵ʬ壬Ȼ֪ұЩʬǸʲôˣԣҲϵġ

٤ɽѾϵĺڲⳤ͵ģ˫ȴɭëȻ
ӣôò㻹ǰ԰Ϊ޵ǰɣ
ţ԰ȻҲò㼸ˣƾҵʱһѪͿҵǴ½Ȳôģô꣬ҳҵѪ֮Ӧñ˭ѵΪƾССĽ磬ֵܵסҵƿȭ𣿡
磬ȻѪȣ٣㷢ȭ֮ǰѾˡ
ģľأûһѪ㡣İ磬ˣԺӣҲ̫ĵġ
ľأû٤ɽˣľأľ֮⣬˭˽ӷ磬ĵˣǽεĵˣŻô˽ӷ硣
Դը¼ʼֱӷǴ½ľ֮Ľ֣ȻľسԿȴڣԣӷľ˵ۣһ㶼ûġʲô£ôľظѹȥֻҪл̣ᷭǴӵĶӳˣ˾Ǵ½ҵ˳ӷ磬ӷھǴ½ĵһ̫˼ˣ
û´ĻĲ֮͵˰ɣ
ǵǳ𣿡
ꣿ
ӷһ£꣬Ǻڰǣ֮ʱ򡣵ʱ׾壬һ֮¥ĺھоĻֵʱһ󣬰׾þȻ˵ӷδ򣬻ӷ硣
ԭľأǸʱǴ½ˣǳУһŲǣ²ĻӦľصķɴʲô
˾ͺãˣ磬͸ӾˡҲţƳϷӦƵİɣ
ûҪԸӣȻʡҵļƻǳɹˣѾ·ˡ
ҽѵΪȥ𣿡
ȻûҪȥ
ľתͷ˵ȥǼһǼһͲǴػߣΪǰˣĴػߡ
ʲôǴػߣ
ûҲġǴһģĴ˵ػߣָģ
ľأңͬһɡΪʲôҾһҪǴػߣͲأ
ߣҪУáӷ磬Ҳ֪ôݣݣǺġ磬ˣһĳˣһģһġ
˵ģǰ׾ðɣ
ǡȻҲ֪㵽ڣ벻ͨңԶУΪʲôһˣĸһɣ¸㣬Ȼ磬ϵһЩ飬ȴ֪׾ã֮䣬ĳЩϵֻ˵ңǴ½֮䣬ĳЩϵЩ֪ȴ㣬ΪҪźµ


1592 ֣¾
ľһȳӷǴ½ȴ֪һЩӷ֪飬Щ£пǸйصġ
ôܣľõǳӷѽڵʱ򣬳ӷ粻ܴѹ
ѵǷˮתʮӶʮ
ڵѪոձӷƿȭⳡսϾڵԼȥأһľͻԶص񷶦ģӷ޿κˡ
㶼֪ЩʲôңҲѵķϣһ㲻Ҵȥ
ӷ磬Ǵ½ǲǱİ׳ջˣ˵һսУӱӾ޸Ӹˣɵ㶼˵ĳ𡣡
ٸһλᣬ˵˵
˵ѵôвɡ
ӷ˫еɱ⣬Ѿ˼ǿѪҲѾƽľصĽˣѪҪƽ磬Ͳ̫
ľ֪ӷ֮䣬ƳԼĽ磬һǳѪӳǳǿߣǵֵסġ
㻹ڵʲôûϽɱȻǾûˣ
ɲľص£෴Ǵ½ߣ٣ߣľڵһҪĿǰɡ
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ڲ˵Щʱ򣬵ɱ͡
ͣý͵ģΪʲôճ
ճ
һϣΪȵġ
ټĴ½ûгϣ٣ûˡϻճ
֪ʲôһЩ飬֪ģҲҶࡣڲ˵Щʱ㲻ҪưԴ½ǾһҪɱһһˣ͵İҵͳˡ
ľ˵û죬ɱӷʱˣ治֪Ҫȵʲôʱ
ӷҲȥôˣȻľز˵ҾԼȥҡ
һȻڵ۶ʶģҲ˵ľʱǶڵ۶ǣ֪飬Ҳһڵ۶֪ġ
˵۶ǣǾǴ½һųַǾϹַһһЩϹܣڿ˵һҲû
ȴԼ뿪ѩ㵽ʲôط¯Ǵһǹһط½ԼĻأһչ¾ųˣǴ½ʮȫˣӷôƣѵǲɡ
ȻܣҪɱһѪ·ɱһݰҵɱ¡
ڳӷʹƿȭʱϷͻȻվǲˣ½κӸ֣ͬʱ򣬿ɾǼʱͻȻֵģ৵һʧ֮С
˶һĻʧˣӷ绽Ĵػʧˣǲ˵ӷӣҲѾߵһ
ųǵںܶ˵ĺɱ֮£Ѿӷչ˽վŲ˴һ£ˣƴսֻʣһˣҲͶϵġ
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ܣϽؾ֡
Ƿǰʮ˹ڿŻƽ𱮣ˣȫ嵽һߡ
ʲôˣɱʹɡ
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Ǵ˵еؾҵʶһ£ܴһôĳ̶ȡơ
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»ģơ
ǿߣɱ˳ӷ֮Уʵ̫ˣƲҪʱӷͻᱻɱ⡣
ӣǿ춥סˣ
ӣҪ취ѽȻˣ
ӷһľصĽ磬ȫƿ
Ҳܲô࣬ӷԷӳԼܲסڲ֣ʱ
ˣֻҪ㱾ˣ죬Ҫ

ӷһЦҪɱңǾͿǵıˡ󳬼ǿߣһ׼ǿߣټľأЩʥ۷徳ǿߡȫɡ
ãǳƿȭˣȫѹסȭ
٤𣡡
ڲ˭˭Ƕ֪һȭһôĳ̶ȣȴʶ첻˵ѹסĻһȭ˵ֻ϶һľ磬۷徳磬Ҳһֵס
۷壬δصֵסӷһȭҲδ̫˰ɣʵȻһѪȻǲܰ쵽ľ˵ǰֲģԣӷڣȻӳ屶Ѫ屶ѽһôĸӷͳܲסƴأһȭƳӷҲҪȥ˴
ʱУһ£⵶ףȴɾǴ½ģǴǾ֮ǰӦ˵ǵʮǣǺɫ֮ǰѺġ
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һ׵磬ˣȫֹ֣ͣͬӷڣҲûٷӳƿȭˣ˵˭ҲʲôɱУڣˣӷƿȭֱӱסˣ
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ܣôܣʲô׵磬ȻӵǿȻסˣǽ޵еѽ
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ʲô޵е
ܣôܣѵǡ
ӷӣѪҲջأղǼףľеϤɳӷ磬Ϥˡ
ֻеǵѺУͻȻһ⣬⣬ĳ¡
䵽ѩϿʱ˶Ŀ֮УȻһѽһѾͳͳϣźܶģ
ӷ˫һͬʱľصУʼʧ
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ľطһЦѵ첻ӷǡ񽣣
񽣣
һ֣У
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һ֣ʥ
һ֣ʨۣ


1593 ʥ
ǧħޣѩ߸Ϲ
׾ڵõӷ类ɽ֮µϢҲܲôˣ㲻ӷȥųˣҲñİ취ų˸ǣóӷʱͻΧȥ
㣬ǰ͵ѩˣǣѾų˸Χ£򱳺ĴػߣҲڶս󳬼ǿ߼һ׼ǿ֮ľˡ
ʲôػߣǸˣ
׾֪˭Ĵػߵģڻ֪˵ǴģҲǳӷһŵưɣڣӷĵƣľ˵ʲô˵ӷǱѾסˡ
ǵģǸ˽첻֪Ϊʲôĵʮֿ죬֮ǰȹţǱߵͲ̫ˡ
̷ħǷȥѩӷģڼųǵǿ֮Ҳϰ׾òģħ̷ħȻ׾˵һ°ɽڵľơ
ô࣬ٶȣϵɽ¡
ǣ
̷ħһתͻȻУһֱѹ£ͬһöԭӵ㣬ʱ˼ΪǿĲأһĻҳҳγһޱ߾޴㣬·ֻҪеصĵطסˣ
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㣬⣬ⲻܣãǿʱ䣬Ѿֹˣ
ûڣ½ֹͣУͻȻ֣þʱ䣬ֹͣеһУȫˣ
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֮񣬾֮Ĵڣ֮䣬ͱǿ
ֻǿ͵ģƻԵĻأݻٵ
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㣬ô˵ǰˣǸˣڸô죿
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¥ʲôǿѽ¥޷γɵģ
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¥֮Уʲô
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Ͳξٱ´ȥӪȳӷ磬ִأһеǿ̬֮£Ϊ˸ƣǴ½⣬ǱգۼɱĶ
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ܣػߣӵôǿ㣬ҿԿ϶
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С㣬ˣ޷ǰѽ
ˣһ㡣ҪǵĻֻҪ˸˻ţǽ˭ģĵˣҲ½ĵˡ
壬ϥˣȫǱһ޴ɽѹסƵģˡ
ӣػߣпܻ硣Ȼڲܱ֤ǲǴػģֻҪǸػйϵйϵΪ˴½Ǿ壬Ҳʱˣ
ŮǾƽô꣬һ͸ôĶǻʲôܵĻǵΪ˳ưԴ½һɱģ
˵ֻһȫ׼Ϊڴ½ռһϯ֮أֻΪ½ĵ
ѩ򣬰ɽ¡
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ľؼѵĿϿڵľͳѽڵʱںһսʱͼˣ˭ģľΪǺǴΣӷǰҲùѽ֮󣬾ͱ˸ջȥˡ
ܣѵˣ
ľشû¹ӷ磬ڳӷֵ³˶ٿҲţԼӷ磬ֻΪӷ米ǿѡ
ڼڵľͳľزô򵥣µҪ
٤˵ģ˭
һһ޵еĴڣˣǽ죬ˣֻ·һͲ˿ġ
޵УڿЦɣѵ֮񲻳ɣ
ܣ֮Ҫǿ󡣵ҲѽǱƭ˺ռôܻͻȻھǴ½

ľضţǰһģʱͻأУһЦ漴еľͳڣȻһ⣬⣬ɢֲͬɫĹâ
һʨͷһޱȾ޴ʨͷУ
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˵Ͼ磬һ˵Ļ۷壬Ǵ˵еĴ˵ˡ
ӷ絽ڲŷӦЦ۷ëߡ
ӷ磬ʲô£ÿһζҲ̫û˰ɡ
ôˣ㿴ҶʲôֽΣҿû㱳ͱӣڱһѡˣκνֲԼʧܣ䣬ӮӮ֮ǰҵȷһ̣ڣ˭˭Ӯָˡ
˵ıȳĻ˵ǳ۵ǵ񽣣ѵĲɣ
ЦˣҰˣã㻹л˵𡣱˵ЩһǽδǣҲס㡣
ȷҳ޵еĴڣ㣬Ҫ۵Ļ죬ľأ޺ڿʨĽ£ľصң
㣬񻹲ʸɡԸЩˣҪҰֳ֣һԡ
ƾ㣿
ȻҪϡ
ӷ壬Ȼһ𣬻һ⣬֮Уͣתš
񽣣þòˡǴ½ǾͲսưɡ
ৡ
Ҳһ⣬ڳӷѪ壬ͬʯһУһǿҵıը
ըͬʱʧһУָӷӱը֮Уֳֵ񽣣캰ĵҲںη죬ӵģȽʥһãպ󣬶ҪԽ㡣
䣬ӷ罣ָأǸߺһʥľأڣһսɡ


1594 ɱ¾1
·ߣԼѡһɣϾ磬˵أҲֻΪ˶ԸӷѡˣǶ˵Ҳֻһԭûκεʧ˵͵ʧȥһС
ûľڵʱ򣬾Ѿܸ˳ӷ磬ǳӷ粻֪ʲôͿڶ֮£һѪҺĻԶֵܳġͬﻮô꣬һٽǴ½µģ¥аȥԸųӷĳ֣һеһУˣ
죬Ҫǲһдۣɱӷ磬ֻʣһһ䣬ҲҪֱӷ˳ⳡҵԣȥһͨˣҲܶꡣ
ˣŸղʨͷײɽγɵƽˣڣˣԶˡ
٤ΪƾһƽͿҸ㣬ѽҲġ

ӷһЦڣ𻹸㲻
֮ǰӷ绹ûڵо˾޴·ΪʤܣԼڵʿѣȫԼ̲ӾǴ½棬չ޵ɱ¾ʱҲûԼʲôˡ
ڣŵ񽣵ĵӷԼĸףڽռ֮ǰ¸ԼģԼΣʱ񽣾ͻ֣ҲԼʲôطֻҪԼڵѪϣ񽣣ҵԼ
˵񽣣ԽǸѹϵЩģȫɱУңʥʿɱУϳӷ㹻ʱʹò񷶦֮Դ˵Ⱦ֮£ӷ绹ʲô
𣬿ӣ㵽ڣ˽ѽľأȻǴ½վһߣǾҪеְҵ¡ʥʲôɣ
ӷ˵һѽҲֹɱӷ硣
ССľǴ½еĵһ磬̫СˣʥʿҲ̫Сˣ
𣬲ɴ⡣ǰѽʥ˽Ҷ޷ȥġ
һƽѣѵסǧų˲ɣ
ȴʥʿʥ룬һôĳ̶ȡ
ʲôʥʿ
û֮ǰû㡣ʵʳ˴ʿǳӷ仯ģʿĻʿһôĴڣӦú֮⣬ӷĸ׳ۣʥʿңȫʥʿеľͳʥʿʥ֮䣬ΪǿĴڣʿǳңӷʿֻǰͰˮʥʿ˵ǳԽ۷徳ĴڣһԸ֮񿹺Ĵڣ
Խ۷徳磬ۿһôλ棿˵֮һôλ棬Ҳ̫˰ɣ˵֮Уǿģ϶۷徳ʲôʱֳ˳Խ۷徳Ĵˣ
ɫļΪѿľ˵ʵĻǽҪɱӷ磬ˡ
Ӳа𣬶ľصĻǰŰɵģϾӷľأͬһ磬֪֮䵽ʲôϵ֮Ĺϵǳӷ׾ǰ΢ǽ죬ҪԴˡ
һתӰһľ
ľظоһǿҵɱʹԼı飬Ӧ˹
ʲô
٤ǰ̫Сˣ죬ҲСӣһȥɡҲʲôʿӵʲôʥʿʥ赲Ұҵ֮ˣͳͳҪ

һƳľش˹ȥľΪĻĶ֣ͷصİһơ
ľˣӲˣһƣ٣ľ˵ġ
ȥɣҰҵߣ
¡
ľ벻ԼһֱڰԸӷ磬ɵɱԼģȴǳӷ磬
ˣ£һʹı֮ϣһѺۣѺ֮ڣܿҽľأֱӾ͵ҽ֮С
ӷҲһ£𣬿ɱԼҪݵĶ࣬ľضһⶼûУأȽľظɱˡ
ôͬһ磬ڲͬУҲй˸ձ˵ķֱˣеģǽֶεѡ
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ٷϻҼʶһ£ʥΰɡ
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ӷʥһӣֱӳ·ȥ
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ˣȫֿվӷȺ֮УųͳͳӷΧ
ͬʱǧڳѩߣɽ߿
ӷȺ֮ڣһҲʥֱӲǰ·ڵȴȴŵ˵ľۼԽ࣬һɱͻԽࡣ
񽣣ʥʿʥ˵ĳӷܷӳͿɱˡ
ˣ¡һҵġ
£վ˳ӷĶ棬ΧľųҲȫɢ˿
ڣ֮һս뿴ʥƷľ磬Űƽܵһôĳ̶ȡ
һˣûʸҵʥһս½κӣǸʲôеģټһǼһϰɡ
治С磬ûҪˣһ֣ɵ
У½κӣȫ˹
ӷڵٴα񽣣ɢǿҵ⣬⣬ˣоһ΢΢Ĵʹ
ɱѡ
ϵķģųӷ纰ɱУȫ˳ǿɱӷΧıأȫѡ
ǳ۵ɱУҲʥʿɱУȻӷ粻ܷӳ۵ǵϳѪҪӦǰЩˣû̫ġ
ˣ
յͻȻӷɱ˫ŶվȣٲһУҪȶˣ
°ɣ׼ǿҲܣŶûС
ϵȫնΧΧ˳ӷΧİ֮ڣγһУ
ӷ罫񽣰һָأһֻ֣ٵĴһӡ޵Ⱥɱ
ֻųҽһһһȺһȺıĹɱڵϡ
򣬹ȻֶΡһ¡
½κӴӳӷֱӷеһתɱ֮⣬Ǹߺɱ
ã
½κӸܵǿɱ޴ĳֲͬͬʱԼ
˿̵½κӣȥ㣬ֻܿ϶һľ磬ȥӲӷ˫


1595 ɱ¾2
ѩͬʱһǰ׾ľŴħħ޴δѩڵγɵʧ󣬰׾õ˲ܸϹġ
һǾ¥ںھĴǰһξٱµĴ֮£ϵ˰ɽΧһ֮ϣ
һѾӷֳһ޽޿ƥ֮ƣ½κӻȥ
ɱУ޵ʹľų˵Ĵʬ壬ڵϣѪǵʬѩĲͬȥʱ֮䣬ƬѩѾȾһ΢΢Ѫɫ
ðɣ㣬ȻɱôˣҲ̫̬˰ɣ
̷ħԼ۾Լ֮ǰиϵɽ£ۼӷ紦·ģԼշȥ׾ɽߵ飬ʱҲǺܾãڵʱ䣬ҲһӲӣôô̵ʱ֮ڣɽµѾ˷츲صĸı䣡
ʬ壬·γһСɽ£ܶˣҲǵһģ޵ͷּ꣬ӷеĵ񽣣˾춯صһȥɱУԭҪӲе½κӣֱӱһסˣˣûӦ񽣣ŵǿҵΧסȫ
½κӣ㲻ˣǸ
дһǽƱҪɱӷģԳӷѾ޽˵߱޿ģһǿߵʵҪɱӷ磬»ѡ
ôһ½κ˲ŷӦ
Ԫ
ͻȻ½κӵڣɢһǿҵ⣬γһΧȦ½κˣΧסˣҲ˵Ǳ
һǲǷˣȻԪΪĤֵܵסһԪҲᱻ˵ģûиʮ꣬ͻָ
Ԫȥֵӷһӣ½κѾͶ·ˣͬɱʽķԲ
Ԫֵһ½κӣ֪ʲôʥ϶һԪƲˣǻиëʥȥɡ񽣣ƣ
ʱ˿̣˶Ϊ½κԪȥֵӷһǿԱסһģϾǳǿߣӷΪ̫ף¾޽ٴڳӷʥƷҲܽӵ쾡¡
ȴϣ񽣸տ½κǲԪıӷеĵ񽣣ȻûʮӰҲӵǿͬʱӰ֮ڣһŵķͻֳٵ˳ӷ壬ӷԺС
ʥڶɱСסն
ԽԽǿңԽԽһѽھһһʮӰȫˣʮǵ½κӵԪ񱣻ϡ
顭
һȥʮгһǿҵıը½κӵԪ񱣻㣬Ӳģӷһˡ
⣬ⲻܡǿԪı㣬Ȼһˣ
𶼲Լ۾Ҳֲ̫˰ɣӷǵһôĽɵģͿԻһǿߵԪ񱣻
½κӵԪһƣ֪£ԼˣողҪǿ֮вһʱ䣬Ҫ״ʧˡ
ҺѽΪʲô
ӷӰһ½κӵһֻ֣ǿһѪ⣬ڳӷγɡ
ȥɡ
顭
һըȻ½κӵԪ񱣻ѾƣҲ˵ԪѾ٣ʣµģֻˣҪһ壬ͨˣĵɳӷ½κӵĳǿݣǿԴ
һƻ½κӵ壬Ѿȫʧ
ˣһĻסˣֵܣ½κӵʵģΪ֮ĺǺ˽⡣ڣӷ֮䣬ͽ½κӵԣҪ½κӶ֣һܰĵ㣬ɳӷȴ׾Ͱ㵽ˣǲ˵ԼֵĻ³Ҳ½κһ
ղľ˵ӷľ޽ʥʥʿʥԽ۷徳ǿӵеʥܵС
ղŲţڣ𲻵òš
¥ǲۻˣղСӣҲǸǿѽ
Ƿĳǿߣû¥֣Ϊ½κӽԼصķǳá¥ԾģǵĳǳǿߣǳӷȻ֮䣬һǿߣǲ̫˵㡣
ôܣʲôʱǿˡ
ǿģǳӷ磬˵ʵӷ籾Ϊһ㶼ǿֻԱΪжԵĻӷ綼֪˶ٴˡ
׼ų˶ɱĻǾ¥͸ųһ֡
ھһ£¥ʮǿߣȫ׼֡
׾ߣҲȫסˣûһǰӷ磬Ҳɫ
ξٱʶΪᣬǵ۶ǸϵҲ˵ξٱϵģǵ۶ǵǸ
С㣬ڵô
ξٱߣӷ磬ҪӳӷõҩȥĸףȻڳӷǿƣξٱҲûҪ̫顣
Ҳۿˣʵ̫̬ˡ
ξٱһ仰Ҳ˵һ򣬾ڻĴ֮£ҲѾϵ
ס֡
ƽߣڲֵ֮£ǻȡһвֵĻġ
ӷȻת˵û뵽½ȫˡǽǲǶɱңĻǾȫɡ
½ȻôƽҲս죬ǰδֹĽɫղţѾԾȻʥƷľ磬ɱһ϶һĳǿߣòϣеšǣɱ¾ĻЩˣΪ½ƽ⣬ǻ᲻һдֹġ
ٷϻҲǰ˵ʲôƽƽġ˲ңǡһ仰бµģɱңûµģͱɱ
ӣҪչ͵ɱˣ
һɱһһɱһЩһƺˣҪȡǼȻˣȫ°ɣһҲȥˡ㡭
ӷɱ½κӣǽģȻ
磬Сġ
ߣνֵܣӱ죬ֵܣδǰ¶ֵܣҪֶԸӷһˡ
ǿߣͲţܸ˵زǿߣ
˶٣ھµˣ׼ʱ֣һ


1596 ɱ¾3
İߵƣȫɱӷʱҲܳӷеľ޽Ǻεȵǿһóӷѣպȳӷǿ͸Ӳܶˣ
һʥƷĽɫѾɱһǿˣʣȵʥƷĽɫͻȻһ쵽˳磬ǽһôĸǿ˵ʥƷɱϵһ죬ǵϵһʱԿԴ½޵У˭Ҳֵסˣ
иһ֣ܻ棬ȼ֣ͬһʱ䳯ӷ˹ȥ
ӷȻתУһðޱȾ޴ֱĻֶԹ
ⷨСС桭
¡
δ䣬еһֱӱӷĻڵأڱ֮ϣһ󶴡
⣬ôܣȻƳķ
Ȼ棬ӷ䲻󣬵ȴǲ񷶦ڵĻ棬ƵҩõĻ棬񷶦һôĴڣ˵ΪصĴڣĻ棬ȻҲΪǿҵģʹ֮⣬˿ԽϨ
ʦڻãҲϤĺܣΪ棬ΪֵýһܣȴϣϳӷĻͲһ
СҲǰȻǾµɡ
񽣺ݺһӣӷ罣ָ𣬺ɱѡ
ڳӷǰǿۿԼѾ޷ˣ
ã磬
а´󼱣İǵһѽҲǵΪǿĴڣˣǽĵ壬ڴ½λһôĳ̶ȣ޷ȥ
ܣŶûСȥɡ
顣
壬ڱһɾ޴Ƶģͬ㣬壬ը˿
硭
󲮡
ү
Ĵүѽİߵۼӷɱİǵһǿߣ˵ĲѾڣİߵˣȫɵۡ
˵õ𣬽ҪɱӷģڣӷûǸİѾʧһǿˣǱ߻Ǹǳǿߣ½κһǷ棬˭Ҷ֮ųˣ˭½κӸɱǵѾ߽ˡ
ǲҪϾų֮ɱ𣬺ã죬ҾͷǾųǵǿߣͳͳɱ
ӷ粻ڿЦ飬Լģ˵Щһ޲ѽԸһˣȻųǿߣ첻ǵͻ֣˵һͱǸˡ
ʵϣڣӷѾƣǿ֣һɱһǳǧǿߣ˭ֵܵס񽣵
ӷüĴĽһҪɱǿ̫࣬񷶦ǳӷһľģǸʱ򣬾ǵţ棬Ҳǵֵסġ
ǵĳ˵һ仰ֻҪһ֣٣ɱ١仰ǵʱһδ¶ǬĴɱ֮ǰ˵ġ
仰Ѿתɴӳӷ˵ˡ
񽣣ʥʿʥ¾ǽδҲǵסİɡ
ھǱߣ¥ʮǿߣȫǰһĻųӷɱųġ
ɣҲǰǿˣһ׼ǿߣȻҲɱˡ
СӣҲ̫̬˰ɡ
̬ģ򣬶еľ޽ǵһʲôմ˵ھŴУûнĴѽ
ھ˼Ѿʼң˵ǾŴûнУҲܴ˳̶ѽ
׾ø飬ȫǸھͬ뷨ӷеĽ̫̬ˣ
ֵ˭ˣ
̷ħͣһ£ħߣǣסųǣóӷܵʱ䣬ڿܵģѾǳӷˡ
ǰģѾˣ㻹ڵʲô
ӷһ棬Ŀ꣬
죬ֱӽųǵΪߣȫɱǿԾųˣңͬͳһųǡ
磬һ֣ɱ
еһ֣漴ҲϣȴһҲû
ξٱ¸ӲᶯˣԭǴӷģ׾ǱͬĿģɼȻڳӷѾϷ磬ųǵۿžҪӷˣбҪ
С㣬ʵڿֲպֵĻǵвġ
ߵ˿ʼǰûŹ
ѽС㣬ǵ񽣣ûı̬潫ųȫɱ⣬ͻΪ½ĹУվǱߵĻҲ½ĹС˵ûڹһеȫ𣡡
ξٱϸһ£ԼĸҪΪ˾һˣƵıԵǾ̫ˣξٴҲͷġ
ѵҲҪΪ𣿡
Ϊ򣬴С㣬ڱҪѡ񡣵ǾȼҪҪ
½ֵסһأ
ôܣľ޽ǿҲһѽЩЩСɫѵΪһ˵ܸ½ⲻɣ
ξٱ¿һħǱߣ˵ټһ׾أ
Ҳܣһħ壬һҲܸ½ġˣڴ½ϣɻλδĳǿߡǰλǰΪѾ϶ľ磬ʱ䣬˵Ѿͻƣ˵ľ硣ΪᴫλǰĶУʱ½û˿Ƶסλǰһֵġ
ξٱһѽλǰǴ½ϣλǿߣǿɶ֮ǰѽ
ƶϣǣĻ𣡡
һŵģ˵ƶϣϹʱڵܸǶλ𣡡
ӣ죬Ҫֹˣ
ξٱǱ˵ţӷѾиϷǵصֱӳѹȥ
֮ǿ
һ޴ıɽɳӷϷγɣиûӦ֮ǰ޴ıɽѾѹȥ
ʲô
ܣ
ܣ˼ҵıǿҪͲһ˭Ҳֵס
ɽѹ£дһȻ壬ֱӵĶס˱ɽ
ӷһЦֵǿǳǿߣټһѪȥôֵ
Ѫơ
ɽΪѪɫӷһţ̤˱֮ϣ壬ǧ֮
ǰɡɱ
ɩܣңҶסˡ
顭
ܡɱˣ㡭
ٷϻҲ죬ЩˣͳͳҪ
ˣǱһȼգͻأ£Ȼһɽڡ
֮𡣡
䡭
ɽڣһɾ޴ҽˣ
ɱСӣѾ״̬ˣˣˣˣˡ


1597 ɱ¾4
ǸղŲ˵ڣһҲܲˣ𣬱ҪɱģȻųˣľظģľѾɱҾۿôոճľų˸߽ģ
ӷ˫ֽյ񽣣ָ˵а
㡣İ
ףϽ
ɱһ𣬽ǵа֮󣬾ǵİǵ壬죬ֱ塣
аķӦĹǿߣѾӷɱˣһ׼ǿߣҲڳӷľ޽֮£ʥ۷徳磬͸˵ˣ
ɱҡ
Ϊʲôɱ㡣˵û񣬾棬߱񡣡
⣬ӵϱҲѾ֪˵ڼˣʱ򣬳ӷľ٣Գ˵ӷѾûٷһˡ
ʵڵĳӷ粻ǷһһָȡаңԵɣǰٳּǿߣӷҲ㹻նɱ
ɱҸףɱҴ󲮣죬Ҹƴˡ
֮󶼶ں棬ϾΪ̫ˣ½κǵȽɫǳӷĶ֣һʥ۷嶼ûļһܳǻˡ
񣬵壬ֻʣһˣʱҪûõģӷҲŹЩˣ±ˣպشȴ֮
ٳǾųѾӰǱҪպ򱨳ѽߣһдٳ뿪
ǣϡ
һҲܣ°ɡ
һ˵ǰڵĵ壬ֻʣһˣˣİǣ޷֮ˡ
ӷ⣬ֱӴ˺壬ߣҲݺ½ߣһֽߣԼؿڣţգ֮䣬գ֮䣬ԼûˣңǱӷΪɱ
壬һѺۣǰٳ뿪Ҫͬھ
Ԫ֮һȻҪըԪԻС棬˵ѾӷһȴһڣԽԪС棬һը
¡¡
ӷˣԪСıըɺܿ죬ӷѾӱըгҳڱը֮ϣЦǿߵԪ񱣻㶼ֵסһԪСıըκεң
ɵۣЩҪܵļһȫסˡ
Ϊֻʥ۷ľ磬ԪСըģҲ൱޴ģǿԻһС
û뵽벻ԻһеıըȻԳӷ޷κε˺
ţ⻹ǹѽ
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ٳϲװڲܹȥ
ſңҽҪƴˡ
ƴʲôƴôǿߣȫڳӷľ޽֮£½κӣ𣬵аУЩУһΪߵģǣͳͳˡ
¡
򣬲ɱˡ
ʱ˿̣ǳӷ֮ʱû뵽ͻȻһ˵ĳ֣Ҫֹӷ磬ˣξٱ¡
ѵ㣬ҲԲɣ
ҲԣҲ֪ûʸԡҲеľ޽Ǻεȵǿ󣬾֮ǰ㣬Ҳǵвġǣû콫ȫɱˣ㣬ͻΪ½ĹС
½Ĺôһ֣С٣ɱ٣
ǲǰ翴̫ˡûһ֣ڳûκһ˵еĹҸ˵Ǳߵĺھ飬ټһ׾ã󳬼ǿ֣ʹѾ޽ĻҲκβ㡣ûһ磬Ͽôҽվֹ㣬ΪУ෴ΪãҵĻֹͣɱ¾Ҳ㻹Զһʱ䣬򣬷ƶһеľ޽ǿҲǱġ
ƶϣ
ӷ绹ǵһƺţǰû˵
ʵûҪ߳ӷƶϣֻ½ϣ֪ƶϵ˲࣬ξٱ²ξټ壬Ҳ֪ġ
鶼Ѿչһѵƾξٱ±ƺţӷҪֹͣŹЩ
ܣԲܡ
Ҳʲôƶϵģֻ֪죬һҪš˵ҪɱЩˣһҪɱ⡣ȻҲΪУҪΪУھͷ㣬ҿԱ֤ҵ˸֤һҲزȥˡ㲻ΪУɱξټĻǾ͸ҹһȥ죬˭ҵңɱ˭
񽣣ֱָξٱ£ǿѹξٱ»ë
ɱֱһɱ񣬸Ͳˣӷɱı֣η嵽һĵز
ȫξٱߣξٱ治֪Ǹö֣ǲö֡
С㣬á磬˵ɣ

ڿЦ˭˭ǰľƣѾ˵ˡ
СѾߵ۷壬ʱ֣ǵѰ·
ѵͷɱȥĻ첻ɱ֣һ㣬Ҳɱġ
ûС㣬Ұ̫󣬴˿־ĵز˵ɱûϣϾ٣ЩˣҲﲻһ֮ҾͲš

顣
˵꣬һˣֱӽը˷顣
㡭
˵ϻҸղ˵Ļ㵱ǿɡ룬ҪǰʧȻͳͳɱ
ʱҲѾ˹˵½Ϊвɣ
ڣҪ½ΪУǣ½ҪΪС˵Ҫй⣬˹⡣֮ϣ˵ҪɱˣһҪˡ
ãȻˣ㲻á
ûֵ㡣ξٱ£ǰ£Ϲ
ξٱ붼û룬һµһȥ
С㣬
Υߣ
ǣС㡣
򣬽죬Ǽ֤ɱ¾ϣԺǲսǡ
ξٱתȥ˲ľ룬ͣתͷӷߡ
ʱĳӷ粢ûжԻչҲûǱߵˣǳ˹ȥ
𣬸ѾˣҲӦȥˡ
ɣҾͲţĲġ
ӷڵĿ⼸ǵ˭ڲܣûˡ
ǵˣǵ׼ܣΧɱȥ
Щһǰǣǵļ԰죬һŹɱ


1598 
ų˵۶ǸİǣһǣŹģϾеǿڣ⼸ǣǿģҲʥ۷徳磬һ˺ԶԣֻҪǵ쵼߸ǾͲˡ
ߣ½κӵһӷɱ³ҹǣٶˣһ뾡һа취ѩ򣬿ǱߣȴŹκˡ
İǷ棬䲻ĳǿߣҲһѣǴ½ʦҲɼв񣬵ˣаҲˣʣһٺãˣҲܸӷκεв
ǵ۶ˣ۶壬ǿߣӣҲӷɱ۶ɵڴֲ̣֮ǵ˵ΧˣҲѾɾˣ
ƣ˵ԼǴȥˣֵˣҲˣЩڸ̫ĴһͬһֻѪƵģôһһȥûգһƤֵܸӱɱʱģûһʹ·İ˱ɱƵģһϵûС
鶼ںˣѪ֮ˣеһУȥȡҪõĶ¾ŮΪĿģˣͲˡ
ڣһǿϢɢ˿̵ϵƤʼĽڣǱһ˫۾ҲѾɫȫ£ĸֳһźɫâ׹⣡
ͻȻ֣ʼ󣬱ԭ֣ҪһһҲһָеָףȻ̵ͬУϣһɫĶǶһգһգģһֻ۾
ͻȻ֮ı仯òóӷһѣҲֹͣ˽İ֮⣬ͻı仯
ô
ӷ綼Լ۾һȻҲԱģ˵˶ġ
ԭܱɿֲӣһҲԣҵʿһԵ̫Сġ
˵˵ӷǰôС֮Ȼ֮䣬
¥һȫðһ亹ھһֲ˼ӱ飬϶죬ڡ죡
¥ôܣһȻ֮䣬ڶľ磬ô쵽ģ
ô쵽ģھ֪Կ϶һǣһ䣬ʹΪ
ھͬʱһֱûİ׾Ǳߣھ׾ãе˼顣
ô£
㣬Ǽһѵǡ
飬ϸȥ飬ڲڡ
һĹ̷ħ׾ǰ˵㣬Ҹʶһ°ְѾˣ
ʲôˣôܣ޵걻ܣѺ˰ǧ꣬δΪʲôͻȻ֮䲻ˡ
㣬Сӵ䣬ֻ֣͸һѵǸһ޽𣬶ҽϵģħһޣ
ܵģȲ˵밢һ㶼û㰢ˣҲ˿ԽġӵбħԪ򲻿ܰĵ
Ǵ㣬ǰ𣬸ô͡쿴һֻ֣Ҳ˱仯壬ȫ˱仯
ˣһֵֻУһֻ۾ǰҲֻ۾ÿһֻ۾һգһգģͷϳǣ¶֧˫ͬĽţȫΪɫôһͷޣԿëȻ
׾ãȻų˰ޣǲǷˣѵˣ޵Ŀ֮𣿡
ھ˿̶һӷ磬ӵһѾ޽ûô£Ϊӷľ޽ǿ󣬳ӷ籾ΪߣɱһĳǿʲôԼǵĳǿߡ
ͲͬˣħһޣȻʱ֣ھˣ
˵ã뵱꣬Ϊ˽ޣˣھȻѰ޸ųˣ
׾ԩѽԼʲô£䣬Լɱ˭ҪԾҪ⣬ЩһƵ
졣
׾ôһѩ
ųޣ壬㻹ǡⰢޣħĵһħޣܳΣܵĻħ֮Ҳֲ׾ðɡ
ھ㣬޵飬һϵûУҲǸող֪Ѿڰˡ˵ˣǱѰ޷ųкιϵħ壬СӺ壬Ҳħ顣
׾ÿɲںڹԼڹҲκ˵Լ
ãȻôй쵹뿴ôճ
׾òɵһЦ˵Ҫճ𣿱ˣǣ򣬸ħ壬һϵûС
ѽǲǰ׾ãǳӷ磬˵һʲôޣȫħȫϣҲǳӷѽˣһϵûС
Ȼ˵˵˵׾òȻǼٵģҪӷ࣬ڰ޾ȻˣȲô쵽ģǲʲôڱģӷԲܳ¡
ΪͲҪ֣СһˣͿԽų˸߽ġû뵽ͻȻ֣Ҫʱ׼֧ԮСˣ


1599 ռԾ
ʲôĸֻƵġΪ㻻˸ףҵʥ´ʵ̫ˡ
Ѿɰ޵𣬿ɸӷ仯ΪʿͬӷڵʿѺ󣬻ֱӽӷǵҲ˵Ǹʱֻʿûгӷ磬ʿһУӷ粻֪
ɰ޺󣬲ûʧңȻһȼηı֮⣬Уû䡣
򣬾ɱ½κôɱ˵ô㣬̫С˰ɣѵǸͬһλ𡣡
ܽΪ϶ڶľ磬½κǣȷѾͬһλˣڵҪࡣɼȻӷھֵĶ£ѵһĻ
ҸղŵĲ²Ȼ㣬Ͳһ࣬࣬飬ԼˣԼֵܣԼӱɱʱٶݵģ㣬һ㶼ûзϣֳһ뼺޹صӣڣ֪ˣԭǸ޽塣
˻ޣ磬˭ȭͷ󣬲Ӳľ޽ǺǿǾҼʶһ£Ұ޵֮£ľ޽ܷܲӳղǵ
ӣСģǴ˵еħһޡ
ռʱǶ̫ȥԼ۾ӲţǸ˰壡ң仯ģħУ˰׾ãΪǿħޣҲ˵ǰ׾ãһʤޡ
ǧǰħֻޣ궼ѵóֵĵһħޣɾôɣڰ׾ͳħ֮³ˡ
˵ǧǰһ֣ɱȰ׾ôս¥ҵĶ࣬ħ֮򰢱һֻħޣңħ廹أ׾밢޴սҹˣҪܽ޸ƷҲ˵ǧǰħһսɲǰ׾һˣǽ˻飬Ŷһֻ޵ģ֪Ⱒޣǿһôĵز
Ҳھ˵Ϊ׾ÿΣΪ볬Ļħֲ֮׾ãǾǰ޵¡
˽죬¸ǧ꣬û뵽걻׾ѹڰİޣȻִ½Ϊһ壬£ħ壬֪
ӷڿɹܲʲô޻˵ģɱôˣѵôһֻħ޲ɡ
еȻһӣӷҲУֱӽ񷶦ڵȵչңе֮Դȫۼ˵֮ϡ
ԳӷַԣҪһжķĳܵסǿ֮ԴڣʥʿʥټӼ֮ԴҲǿԳܵסء
𣬲Ҫ˷ʱˣһУʤɡ
ûɲһ̣֮ǰһҪлģûղŵķɱ¾ǼνĳǿߣҲôҽевȫˣȻֻЩССвպưԴ½һõġ
˶٣аոĵҲ򣬻ճģ٣ǴػߣԸΪҵ£壬Ҵ£һԿһֻ˫֣򣬽죬㽫ҷ𡣡
ҵĿǴ󣬵ȴдʱ㣬ûŵʱͿܲܵеĹȥһˡ
ӷ˫ѪһڵɲСӣһŪԼҲҪԿǺӷ罫ȫеѪȫۼ˵֮ϣԴ˵˵׾ǣδȫɣڶ͸Ӳˡ
аɡء
񽣣ͷųѪ⣬ֲͬĹâ˶ΪӷѾȫ˳ҲֻгӷԼ֪ƿȭв񷶦򶨵ҲǺԪûнԼŵƣΪǿĵƣڣʱã
ɾеԽ޷쵽ĻǹɾҪԽھǼˣҲΪӷͬĴڣֱӿѹԼ߳ĳǿߡ
˫еֻ۾ųڹ⣬ڹ⣬ֻ۾ǰγһߣߣҪȥֵӷĹģǽȫۼһϣͬʱؿڣ˫۾Ҳȫһĺڹ⣬еĹߣȫһ㣬ǰγһ޴ĺڹ
ڰԪأ
ӷû뵽巢ͬʱҲת䡣
ԭһԴߣ˵ǳӷӵźڰĴڣſԹԴߵݣӳڰԪص𣬾ȻҲԷӳڰԪص
ڿɲԹԴߵݷӳڰԪģĹԪأѾһ̣ѾȫתΪ˺ڰԪء
һ̬ļһѽǸħһ޺ˣҲת䣬ô쵽һģ


1600 
ӷ罫üһѪ֮Դټϵ񽣵˵˵һͲҪģƣԽȽɫء
Ѿ˳׵ı仯仯Ϊ˰ޣΪҲһ𣬶ңԪأ仯Ϊ˺ڰԪأ֮ı仯óӷһϸ͸ˡ
ΪСӷҲȥðգֻΪ壬һͽ˿Ļᡣ
Уʱ·أѾһ˿Ĺˡ
ڳЩѾ˵ˣʬ壬˶ĵʬζΪ䣬ʬǰʼãԭѪɫѪҺҲѾ˺ɫɫѪҺȳζȫ𣬾Ȼڰ֮УΪһ˹ȥһͱӷ˹ȥ
ôЩĵĶΪʲôҲգһһ¶ûС
֪һôĴڣ˵ԵĹޣǣҲ˵Ǳ˼ޣħĵһޣĳЩ˵Ҳ˵ħ֮棬ֻħ֮棬Ǹʽģÿǧʱ䣬ͻһֻÿһֻޣҲƵģǲ׾ȴڣǧǵҲͽˣ
һֻԵԨħޣЩĵĶȻûʲôСֵģɳӷΪʲôҲֶĵĶ
ӷûȥܱ飬ԼĺܣΪʿĹϵԼ壬ͬһƵаԸ㣬޵ĴһеаԸʿ֮ЩаԸͻԶתΪʿɶڳӷ磬һôûС
ռԾͲκȥ֡
ھ˫ת׾ãϸĶڲð׾ɱ˳ӷ磬Ǻھͻ¥ͬģˣӷһս󣬶ľ޴ʱ¥Ŀ꣬ǳӷ硣
ν֮ھõķǳãǰΣԿˣֻˡ
ʵ⡣
ڳӷһҪǱҲҪչҵĽʱͻ֮Уһֻϻӷڵλãҷ޴ĺ
ʲô
ھû뵽鶼Ѿܱ䵽ȾƣڣȻܹⲻ
׾õϣȴѾ¶ǳЦİɫƺ«ĺžƣǽһУƵġ
𣬽һ
ͷֱ⻢ͷȲ֮ǰʨʨͷ֮һһ̣Ҳǿ
Ȼ̧ͷӷҲһգȻ˹ˣǳӷߣҲҪ̫żԷһĻԼǺ
壬Ӳеһӣȴģȥ

ΪԾͬʱھҲͬˡ֡
໡
һֻ޴Ľϻ˳ӷֱߣֻֻ֮ȴӵģͨϻǰ㣬Եĸһġ
ħڶޣ
ħĵһޣڣȻֳ˵ڶޣһڶȫˣھ뻨飬ȫָ׾á
ãǲĹ
׾ãԭ۶ǵĽȻˣ뵷Ҵ½ɣ
Ҫ˵̫ûκιϵ
ûϵڣħԪңԭȻ˵ûϵ
ˣ޸֮±֪ô֪˵ˣѾʧǧˣ֪ǧ궼ܵʲôȥˣ
ܺãȻ㲻ɵģǴᣬɲҪʹ
ʹῪЦһѾͷʹˣֳָ޸Ǿ¥бµĻھȥһɱѽûͬʱɱǾٸ˵ϻ
һ֣ȻҲ˵ڶ죬ħ޽ϣһģȻ֪˭ĽӷǺġ
ڣǰ׾ýԼģҲ˵ǶһԼԸһ
¡¡
ͻȻƬѩ򣬲һ޴𶯣֮ϣѺۣѺۿٵſڳӷ·ҲǸղľرȥ޴ѺУͻȻһҽҽУðһɫɫҽһ𣬾ȻγһΣ


1601 һһ
ʲô
ˣܵңȫʱ򣬲˭Ϊ۷壬ڵϣֻ·һ
ҽð֮䣬Ƭѩıͱڻһ룬ȥĵ棬ȫһֽɫеѩɽϣһĺˮͬ·ѩɽԵıƽʱҪС֮һ
յӵ׾õӷģϣշһУƬѩ򣬾Ͳ˴Ķ
طʲô£Ϊʲôѩ֮£˴ҽ
ھվһ𣬰׾ǱߣֵıȽԶ
ţϹʱڣƬһƬɽ¶ɽ緢ļΧȫһҽڴ½ĸı֮Ƭԭ򣬲ŽܵӰ죬γһƬѩġڣ֪ѩ֮·ʲô£ʹĳ˯ĻɽȺʼŻǿҵҽðġ
ھ䣬Ƭѩ򣬺¡¡綼㣬Զ֣ᷢƬѩĵƣ½ѩڻˮҽһܱһ޴ֽڵʯ
ӷ˷գǿҵǣۣ壬΢΢Ĳţ棬һǿҪոȥƵġ
ҽˮδں֮ǰҽУһ޴Σҽγɵģʮֵľ޴󣬻ڲͣĶ·ӵ޼ɵҪΧһи
û֪⵽ô£׷ʲô£Կ϶һ㣬ѩ֮£䣬Ҳ˵ѩ֮£һǿľѣǾ޴ҽˣǿĵ㡣
򣬿ӣĺϷŸոտʼ
ûбΣһˣУһڳӷĶ棬һͷڳӷֱߡ
׷ʲô£
ʳ⣬еЦ㲻ҪưԴ½㲻Ϊȫͳ𣬼ȻҪǾҪȫȥ˽磬綼û˽⣬ʣƸëɡ
ӷıȽ侲ڳҲֻгӷһ˱Ƚ侲
Ϥĸоֻ֮ǰоҪǿ
ӷûΪǿη壬෴Եĺ˷ܡ
֪ǵУΣҪɱľأÿһΣܣǿԵĲ٣סˡòϣľصҲʮֺõģ˭ҪӲɱ²ѽ
˵ʲô٤Ǽһ
ܿ죬ͻ֪ġ
ӷЦ꣬ڳ˼һ¡
ղľɵ˺ģһƣ˵ľأԼδǵȹ֮»ΪʲôľؾȻû
ûľزΪӷоϢϢӵǿңҪ֮ǰǿ
۷壡
ľصΪ۷嶼ûеڣˣԸоѾ۷ľ硣
Сɫ̼ʥʲôã
ĻὫľطûҲɱһΣҲԼΣļһ𲻸ȥðգһӷľصΪһǶ˵ͿĴ
ӷɫӾŵ侲ִ侲ľ
ʥһƷ

ɣֱӾ͵ʥһƷˣ
ʥƷ
ôܣô̬ٶȣ
ʥƷ
š
ǳӷ磬ֽʥƷľѽľص淢ʲô£Ϊʲô֮䣬ΪֱӳԽ˳ӷ硣
ʥƷ
ʥƷ
ʥƷ
ʥ۷壡
ڣѾǵðҽˣУҲһϼ⣬ϼ⣬УֱѺС
ϼէ֣ǡǿߵ󣡡
ӷɫѾ֮ǰ
ľɢǲͣǿѾǿ󣬼ﳬˡ
ôܣȻ顣ңҲѣľһȻֱͶ쾳磡
顭
ӷˣȫߴȥϼȫѺкһǿıը漴ҽȻɢȥһ·û꣬ƯѺ֮ϡ
ǣľأûľأǼһһ˿ҲңñһոճӤ㣬ϵƤԵʮֵĹ⻬
쵰
һĻ쵰ǱԼһƱģڣû˻úõģһ˺۶ûУΪȻô̵ʱڣһ𾳽Сɫ˳ǿߵľ硣
϶죬һ죡
׾㶵ӷѾˣǿˣȴ벻ľһĿɱȳӷ绹Ҫ졭ڲӦ˵ģֱӾ͵˳硣
ӷϸĿľأľһҲûˣǸƳķɶ㣬ҪĴӼ
ӵгĵĺöҲܻᷢѽһһ֮䣬Ϊֱӵ϶ľ磬ǲ̫ˣ
ӷ粻ΪľصϣʲôöľڵֲǼٵģ⣬һѩ֮¡


1602 ˵ĵˣ
ľ˫ȻΧһźΧȫ˲䣬仯Ϊһ׺ɫף׿ʮֵƾɣӦ˵ãȫģڲͬĲλϣԵѺۣͺñǸվһҵļս㣬ϴ˺ۣ
ӷ˫ۣľصϴһתѺ֮Уѩ棬ʲôΪʲôľصΪֱ磬ңһõףףٶȣȻ쳣ң׾ЩĽɫ֪⾿ôһ£
ϼѾȫɢȥ˵ѾȫںϽľصڣÿϼֵʱ򣬾ζţһλǿߵĵ٣ھǴ½ģ

ľػһڹ⣬ֱӳ˳ӷ˵мλãڵıԵתһȦǳ˯°㣬ѹһ̣ľˣ˱仯ϣɭı飬ȡ֮ģһޱȵ࣬ޱУִżֵ˿ȥڵΪ룬ţǿߵĿȫȻûУҲľֱӽ볬λһȱݰɣ˶ȫģοΪ
źľصɢǿǿȴʱʱήļ󣬺ľظ޷ȥƵģҲ˵ľظͻӦ
Ѿ΢΢ˣԼڵĴһӷ磬һˣ˵ԸԼƥУǳӷеľ޽һϸ˵һӷֱ֣֮նɱ˺üǿߣȿֲǴδйġ
ǵ壬ħڶޣڰ֮£˵ӷֵĻӷþ޽򣬾ͿԽʮ˲
Ѿˣڣֶһľأһ֮ǰɱ֮Ϊ볬磬һа޵ҲǱɡ
ڵˣ֪ᷢ飬ͲӦýľظɱڵãԼͳһȫµĳǿߡ

ľطЦ죬ᷢʲô£û֪
٤֮ǰȻղɱ㣬㻹иһĵˣһҶ֣Ǿͻᣬͬʱɱ
ľһôˣӷΪ컻ǱľĻ֮ǰɱһһʱ䱨ġ
ľزͬһò˵Ҳһֻ֮Լ飬û£ǾԲġ
˵Ҳûһľظ֣ӷͿȫɱ
ӣõʱһ֣Ǿ֮
Գӷ˵
Ҫ̫ˣµǶԶľơ
ѵǼһᡭ
ôֻҪңһոյﳬļһܲӦͺˣ
ǵһ죬ұ֮ǵڶ죬ͬȲޣҪԸһһģǲġ
Ǿͺá׼ľؽ㣬ҵġ
ӷ绰䣬ͻأһǿĺڹ⣬ӷ߳˹
ã
ӷʩչգ֮䣬ѾʧԭأǺڹ⣬ȴûת䷽򣬶ֱѹ˳ӷǰڵĵطɲɵģͱڹסˡ

˫צ͵ĳڹȥȴ޷ڹɰ˺
ʲôȻ֮Ӳ
ڹһ㣬Ҳ˵һסȻ޷ڹƵ֪ڹ⣬һôá
磡
ľ˫ִһӡҲ֪ʲôʱѧصһֽ磬ֱӱľظʩչ˳
ȫõףɢǿҵĺڹ⣬סĺڹ⣬һ壡
𣬽粻ƣӷ磬쵹Ҫ֣𵽶á
ӷ˶һ£ϵڶѽȻһ綼Ʋˣӵѽ⵽ǹ
ľأӣˣϡ
ӷΪҸ㣬ⲻɵ˺
Ϊزˣ˺ľ쵰˵ʹѽ
һ£
ӷϸĿľأһϵϢǰһģʲôʲôأ
Ԫأ
Ԫ
ûӷľصϣ͸оԪһԪûˣһûԪļһȻԵﳬ磬ǲ̫˵㣡
ԪѾˣڵңѾǰˣһУ㺦ġ
Ԫûˣȥˣ
㲻ùܣҲ¸㣬ڣѾǸˣǸˣֻǽһ˶󲻵ѣֻҪһȻʧ෴㲻ҾԶʧҵֹȥ
ԪûˣΪֹζʲôһ˲ܵõʲôҪӦȥ㶫ľؿԵõѾԪ֮Ҫʲô
˵ûҵĵˣǳӷ磬ĵˣҲǳӷ硣磬Ϊ˶Ըӷģвܷʲô£Ҳı䣬Ҳ޷ıҵĳԡûղŵȷɱңֻҪӷ粻ǲչģȻҲòң͸ҴûŹһղţΪ֮ľ̫Ҷ㲻һٸĻˣɱ㣬ɱӷ硣


1603 Ԫ壬ʥƷ
Ʊ仯죬֮ǰľظ㲻ʲô˵ƨ磬ɱڳӷ˵Ҳκεв
ڣľز֪ѩ֮·ʲô£ԪûˣΪֱӵ˳磬ֱ漣Ҫ漣ת䣬ڶʱڸ޷Ӧ
֮壬ڱ֮ΪһԵڶľ磬ɵùǣոľظסˡ
ǵڹ⣬ʹ޷ľص˫֣ڲͣĴŷӡҲ֪ʲô
ħɢơ
ϺɫĹâľصУٵĳסĺڹУȻ䣬ȫϺɫĹâţϺɫĹâȴ޷κε˺
ƾҲ붯ҡֱ
һҵĻ֮ǿӺڹӳ϶ڶͲţһס
Թսİ׾ö벻壬Ȼת䣬ӻΣı仯ԭ塣
ôܣ
׾һͳģ˵ĽɣħĵڶޣںΪһ壬ԭΪͨ˵˳ǿߡ
Ҳ֪ľض˸ʲôȥȻֱӽɢˣ
㿴˰ɡħɢǰ˷ٴı仯Ҳͬơ
ľڲҪȥˣ磬϶µˣһʱ֮ڣ޷ͻƵģһʱҲԽӷˣ
𶼲Լ۾ľؾȻ˿ֲӣҪ콫ӷ֮󣬾ľˡ
㹻ģǳӷ绹ľأսʤǣǰǡ
ڸû취ȥӷ磬ֻܺӣǰˣﲻæ
֪ǵ۶ȴʱܹҲ˵ˣѾ˳˵۶ǣĵطȻΪٸߣҲʱϹġ
лӺ⣬ӽֻҪҳ塣ҿԱ֤ľǴ½Ҳһϯ֮ء
ӷڱֵĺأȻľصĵϸѾˣǳӷҲûʲôˣ¥壬˫ڽӷʵģȻ鷢չһӷٲʵչֳе˵ȥˡ
üĴһڳȴûһǿĵġ
񷶦ľؽӷûѾ֪ӷʧˡ
֮ǰһʧ֮ǰ

ӷһЦΪÿζҪһʧܶԵľأҶôãӵ綷Ǵ½ҵĺܶණҲѾˣǽ죬û¶Ķɡ
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ӷֻоԼڴȵԽԽǿԽԽ棬ӷܸɵĳ̶ʱĺڹ⣬Ҳ˳ӷ塣
Ԫ񣡡
ûԪͬʱڳӷڣһѾӷѪӤںˣڶҲڸѪӤںϡ
ӷ㲻ڵһôΨһ֪ǣԼѾʥƷľ磬ʥƷľ硣
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ɲ˵ղţӷʥƷǿ߼һ׼ǿߣڵʥƷֻᷢʲô£
ԪѾ׸ӷѪӤںϣֵǣڵĳӷ磬ѾоκεĹԪظԪˣ˵ǹâڰѪں֮γһȫµԪҲ䣬δֹԪ
ȻԪ֮ԴΪģڹҲںڰǹڰ֮䣬΢΢ڵһɫش
֮ڣ֣һ⣬֮Уһˣš
ôԼˣûԪ³ˣ
ӷ綼֪ڷʲô£Ҫջز񷶦񷶦Ѿ˳Լ֮κһˡ
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𣬽ס򣬿ڵѾûκεĺˣѾһˣ
ΪʲôΪʲôô
ǣǷģһỹġڣʱ򡣡
ӷ罫ڵһ룬ԪѾýˣΪѾӷںΪһ壬ڳӷðһ޴Ѫ⣬Ѫ̼䣬γһֲľ󣬾У޾ʬ壬ɱа⣬ֱһ
֮У·ǧǰģǾħħޱȾ޴ȫ˳ӷĺϷ


1604 ѪԪأʳ
˵ֻ֮ȥطһãһǵ
ˣõģˣȻµ
ǰжôǿִһĳ̶ȣһ˵ͬϰᣬڵУǿĴڣʱһֽҲǳͷĴʣѺ̣һеĿֲ
˵˿ʱһҽЩǿĽɫٻĻ룬ǽһôĴڣ˵飬ԶܷģҲ˿Яһ
ɽ죬ӷ磬ֵĵȷȷһһѪɫĵĳ˳ӷͬǧľӣѪɫĵг
޴Ķħг˵ŵǰҲǳӷĺϷħƲͬÿһ𣬶ӵǿޱȵòֲͬצ޴һɽһ󣬵ȴӷǿ
ŨҵѪ⣬Χȫ˵ǽӷ𣬻ľ˸ҲѾΧˣ͸˵Զİ׾õˡ
ԪӷѪӤ壬ʹĳӷΪʥƷ֮⣬Ȼı仯
ӷо󷽵ľħһԪóģҲ˵һԪԻħֻԪӷѪӤϣһǾŴԪȫѣȫӷѪӤϵĻɣֵģǾžŰʮһǿĶħ
ӷ֪ħǺԪǵȴΪѪӤĹϵģҲ˵ֻѪӤԪһ𣬲Żͬʱֵħľ
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𣬲ҿʲôҿԱ֤һУȫǻþ
ܱ֤
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Ȼ˿϶Ǿȶְɣǲġ
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Щɱ֮ѪȻһһεģգȫǿѪУپۼ˳ӷ
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ľأһһΣѾսˣȻ˵ڲͬǽ죬ΰɡ
ϵķٴγ֣ڲģѪġ
ȫµȫµɱС
ӷȫѪ֮⣬ðһǿĻ棬ӷ罫棬ں˵֮ϣӱϿ棬ȼŵյѪʵǿ񽣣ڵѪӤ
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üһóӷһ̣һȫµԪأѪеĻ棬еĹеĺڰڰеɱ¾ΪѪԪء
֮䣬һѪɫȼţ޴ڵѪ棬䣬һȫµɱ¾֮С
׾϶ĳǿ߶û˹ĳ֣ð׾ôΪԾ
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ȫ֣ͬҪȥֵӷһһֱ壬ͷţһ㶣мλãһѪ⡣
ⲻܣаޣ˲֮ôܣôܡ
Ϊܵסһ㵱ѪԪǼٵѽ
һӣӷһѪ⳯ȥΪһֻ޴֣ץסֱӽ𶪽ĵ
ɣһУڿʼˡ
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ӷһֽڹץһţڹ⣬ֱӴӳӷĿڣ뵽ӷ塣
ӷ磬㣬Ȼˣ
һޣҴĺôǰޱʮ֮һ⻹ԶԶľأڣֵˡ


1605 
˸ղһĻľֲɵӣ˵ϵڶ춼ӷ磬ӷĳˣľѵһĳȥɡ
ӷ磬йһ仰˵ɽģˮǻġ
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ľؼӷϥУѾµӷΪʲô׷Լˣʱжܶ졣
еѪ⣬仯һŵѪѪɢȥ֮˿ģֻϥеĳӷ磬ľأѾӰˡ
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ھ飬ڰ׾ö棬˵ǳӷ罫ľظɱˣǻ治̫ţŰ޵ľһһ֮ı仯ƾӷһ˵ɱǡ
ʵʵڵĳӷȱУľʧˣסĺڹ⣬Ҳʧˣӷһξ룬֮ûֱȥӷǱߣǾķգųӷڵı仯
ӷڵѪȻûȫɢȥѾһһıջڡ
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֮ܣպֻߡ
ųᶯӷղžѾɱ䣬ͶϣҲѻǻˣˣ쵽ѩģֻǾųǵȷ沿ӣĴ󲿶ӣںأ֪ڸ֮УʲôϹŶ
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ɱǣųǣҲϷһһĽǳȻһһģȫҳȵһԱ죬Ѿһˣʱ֮ڣҲȫưԴ½׼


1606 ڽɽ
Ǵ½˵һ̿ʼȫµ֡
ӷһսһ֮ɱǿߣټһ׼ǿߣ壬˵һսУӷֱǸİǣȫˣѾˣռݵĵ̣ҲеķΧеķλһγɾǴ½ΪӴ֮һˣҲ˵ռ˰ڽɽ
һǿݣѩ֮ڣʬҰӷ˽еʬ壬ȫһ𣬿ȴûнЩʬյǽǣЩʬȫ
ΪľصĵĳӷԭڰҪʩеļƻˣڣľܵӰ٣û˵۶ǱߵӷǰļƻҲԼȥˡ
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1607 ƾ
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㣬СӻˣȻڶ̶һڣһȵ۶ǻҪΰĳǳءҸȥһ£³ǾڰɽİǸǵλãһҲȣ˵ǻλ÷ǳõĵط
Ŵħһǰ͸׾ûصħ壬ҲһڣڳӷĴ˵ڴ½ķǳ죬ӷһ֮ɱ˺üǿߣһ㣬³ӷΪףҲѾ˳ǿߵС
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׾ñߺžƣʵԱߣվվţոձѵʾһƨҷš
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ŶôѾǵΧӣһУչһȷѪѽ
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һȺں֮ڶѡ
ڿ˵һ仰
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׾˵ȷһ֮ˣͻȻһӵһ֮˱ӣ͵͵ˣ㹻ʱȥԼΪֺ£Щȴûŵ˵һĶ͡
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˵Ҳûһոձ˴˹ܵˣҪģˣǼȥ˴ȻӷһǰһսûˣǿˣأʱӦģǽ֮ǰʧһȫҪڰв˸ߵģһЩûҪĵ˸ſȥ
ǿԱƵģأҲ˶ġСӣǸ³ƵȻˣǾ˵Լ뷨
˶٣׾һ£ħԱ絨ҿΧ֮ߣɱ
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׾һȥħ壬ܻ˸ȥǵġ
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ǵģǸйصġ
۶壬һ˽Ĵڣһ֮⣬һУиӣЩǰ֪
㣬壬ɲһУڣֳһ
ֳһ
ǵģΪ
̷ħ䣬Ȼһʵ˵ʲô
ʮܣ֪𣿡
׾ãڵ۶ǵ飬ɱκ˶
ԭ壬ôһˡ
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Ҳֻүүġס
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ûʵ壬ǰ㣬һֽģǵһμһǰеĳ֣ܶ˶Ѿµˡ
׾˵ûֻһǾͲܳһУȻгˣǾ˵壬ˡ
˲ܶ࣬ɱһˡ
ǸһôˣΪΣΪʲôˣδŹ
ʦһôˣΪʲô磬ЩҪ
Ҫʲô
Ҫǣʦš
ʦţ½ǰˣʲô֪𣿡
׾ûô꣬½ʲô֪ģһôĴڣ
ʦ룬Ӧĵġ
׾ÿһЦ˵ò˵ʦţǷƶϰɣ
û٣үүҵġʱҲⲻ̫ܣǷƶǺεǾǴ½񻰣ҲѾδˣҲܻʲôӡĳ֣Ҳòţ
׾Ѿվƶȴڣ׾ǵǰС֪ƶϵΪֵһôľ磬֮ǰѾ϶ˣ֮׾ãھǼѾ˵죬Ƿƶأ
ԣڣǴ½Ϊǿľ磬Ѿ˵죬ĳ֣պ󣬶ƶϣô׾ãסӷˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôˣ׾˵ϽһϢ⣬Ϣδ״֮ǰһҪغãһ½Ƕ൱ѽ
ѽǴ½ƶϣ˭ƥУ


1608 ǿƵĳӷ
½ϷһΰӴ³ǣȫµĳռǰǵʮҳеĽҲԵĺأǴ½Ľһ˼һӣԸ¥ʽڳڽãһУԾסʮ˼ңÿһʮ㣬ÿһס
סĵط֮⣬ǣһ֮أЩطҲ½вͬڽϵģͬһУеÿһĶһǵ˸ЩطΪ̳
İ칫㣬֮£ַΪ˺öͬĲţÿһŸ𣬹ųǡ
ɣ³ǣڵһУȫǳӷӵģǴ½ľ֮⣬û֪һôĵطӷҲûҪ̫ˣֻҪԼĺãպԴҵͻõЧϾûزɷ԰ֻҪȽضӷؿڱ֤ǣȣΪǴ½ΪӴһܵС
ʱıַǳҲòϣĶŹ쵼츳ոյγͰճӷһȥʵʩûгκεĲӷǲҪȥֵģһжĶŵķǳá
ȻóӷǣĶ˸ǲͬڶԳⷽ棬ûκεĻԵȥ˵ģǸոͶˣһʱദҲĶطǳ
⣬ĶŵģһһĵطˣｻϵĵãͨˣֻҪعأҵĻԵȥǿߵۣ㣬ӷ粻ûĶŬȥ
ǵķƶģΪһʱĺͿ°Ǳ٣ų˹ǵĳͷûͷҪչЩʿļͬʱҲҪûκرΪǰ£һȨûУʲô֮ģȫһ˸û˰ɷһҪȫе쵼һۣͨˣʽʩС
ʱѾճӷİǸǵͳͳɨˡ˳߲İǸߣвˣͶ˳ǣȻͶģҲɱǣȫǹڣȴȥӴǵκδС顣
ֵѾǷͨ뺣ճӷ˵֮ڣҪͳһųǣЩһģͶ϶򣬳ĻɱʱͶϣѾ̫ˡ
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䣬ЦλǿǰʵʧԶӭѽ
ӷˣһǰЦֵܡӦóΪˡ
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赭дһ仰øֵȥ£ɹȴǸһ棬Щһ˵£Сһ㡣
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ӣɱˣȻ֪ڣǣ½Ϻܶ˶Կ϶㣬Ĵػߡ
ŶԼã
˵ػߣųһͳ´ҡǵĽ˵ԲеģǴİɡųˣֱӱ壬ڣųǣռǣǷͨ뺣֮ڣҪǣⲻ˵£Ѿ𡣡
£δùһ㣬ʲôϡġ˵ػңǾҰɡȻ£µ˶֪ˣҲǸ⡣ȻҾ͵ʲôҲûҪߣ̸Уģֻ˵Ľ죬ǵļաҪҵҲҪҵˣҲǧҪڣΪʱѾǸˡ
ӹȻǸֱֱȥˡǴӦͶϣǳһԱӦûǰɣ
ǵȻġ
Ǻã죬ǾͶϵġǣͶϣ
˼ǣûʸ̸ҪȻ˸ǰһСҪ߳ȥɳȥ֮ᷢʲô£ҿɲұ֤
ǿƣ˭ס
֮ǰõ飬ȫӷ缸仰ƨҷˡ
˼𣬶ǳӷĶ֣ѵƾԼЩˣ뿪
ӷҲϻ˵ĶｻˣһҪ졣
ˣԼѡҿûʱ˷ѡ


1609 
ڳǽڶµ³ţٵĴ򿪣˾޴ĺŽ
ȫеľӣӪٶȣȥ֮ǿȫˣȫս׼
ʲô£ΪʲôŽǣ
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ɲ˵ǵڳ·ѾдĺˣŽǣֻڷش¼ʱŻƽŽһҴĻġ
ǻǳȥɣǵ˴ˣǻܰæġ
ȫһˣھ֮󣬳ſ˹ȥЩͨˣȫ˭Ҳܿſڰ벽
ӷǵˣһʱϳǣǳ⣬оӰӶеģֻװսʿ
ˡ
Ǵջģӷʷʲô£Ϊӷ磬֪ŽΪʲôģŽǣǴӳ⴫ѶϢڸŽǵ˵õѶϢû߶ʮһ̴ˡ
ӡ
ǱԳŵģӷתȴûж˵ǣǳȥ
һˣľӣҲȫ˿˿̣ӷǰмʮľϣһײÿһײϣѪ
ӷѾһֲõĸоŲЩľ߹ȥһӣľϵİײȫƿ
ǰһĻľϵһĻǹɷŭһʱ䱬˳
͵س嵽ǰһץס˴·ʵΪʲô
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ⲻܹ㣬ǵݣǲ֪ġ
ѽЩˣǵʱӷɳȥԵףӷ绹ǵģȫɵ۶ȥԵףȫмġ
ЩмԵף˵ǲӦñֲŶѽΪʲôΪʲôǴǴģǷȥ۶Ǽͨʱ㣬ʮǰӦҪˣȴϵڣģһ֧ӡ
˵׷ʲô£
˵ӣ˵ʵҲ֪ʲô£ΪмʶģҶ֪ǻǵˣ
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ˣܣǵˣѾȫˡ
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һǿ漴ǼʮľԶ
ӷȻ֣Էѹ£ͬʱľҲȫȶסˡ
ЩľϣҲʬ壬ȫǳӷɳȥԵףȴǵ۶ǵģеġ
ӣ⣬͸Ĵͬʱһ仰ҪҴ㡣
ӷһǷߣи
һϵӰ˳ӷǰİ֮⣬ӷȥʶԷʲôˣɱ
ǣӡ
ӣȻҽǾûҪŻȥĻĻϷԱ֤Կġ

ӷ缸ǰԡ
Ҳ֪˭ֱ˵˭Ҵʲô
ɱ֮𣬲졣ǣ۶ǣɴǵˣȫ㣬Ҹµ׼ʱ䣬֮Ҫ֮ء
ɱ֮

Ϣӷ֮ǰûյ۶ǱߣȻһ
ɱ֮
ѵеӣ
ûӣھ͹ɱģ֪֪ΪʲôҪµʱ䣿
һ֪
Ϊ˵ˣҲǧѵһʥ磬Ȼɱ˺üǿߣԸˣΪ常ĻԲɱ㣬ڽԽλô㡣

ӷЦһЦʵ̫Цˣ컹ǵһμɱ֮ġ
Ǹʲôģʲô仰Ҹˣһǧٸ۷徳ĳǿ߻Ҳ
ѽǸǲ֪ߵغ񣡸Ҹӣ˵Ǵ½棬˭ң֮˵仰֮ǰҪȵһ£ʥʿ
Ѿӵ顣Ȼ֮ڣǲᶯģ֮͸Լˣ׼ùײİɡ
䣬ߴǰóһӣӴ򿪣һ⣬Ӻ˳ӷ硣
⣬͸ӵĵڶհɡ
ã
ӷ´󾪣ǿޱȣǱ֮Ҫǿ׾ãȻͬһ
϶죬죡


1610 ĳͷ
ӷûȥ׷ɱߣһҲ˶ãµʱ䣬ʱҪЩһͳͳԼĵ
ղǿǳſˣȫ˼ʮףкܶ˱ˣĶ˽˵˴سȥҽΣڳӷ磬֪ǰֳһǿС
϶죬׾ãھɷлͬһġ
֮ǰ˵½ֻĸĳǿôֶһӣԣǲŵģӷɣνĴػߣҲ˭Ķ硣
ǿ߾Ͱǰӷ粻ܺӣԷĸףǣѾȫͶͶ˵۶ǣһȫµԳӷڵȻ֮ƥУһ϶ĳǿߣӷܲӦ⻹˵׼
ӣǸúúоһ²񷶦֮ĹϵˣټԼڵѪӤЩӷ絽ڣûôһ¡
бɱ֮˵ʬ壬֮ǰЩʿʬһ𣬳ӷҲټ˳ĳԱãǣԵȣȫչҪ顣
˵˵ڵ۶Ǹʲô
ȫ㿴ңҿ㣬ûκһ˵
ļʶġ˵˵ˣ˽٣
վ˵ӣ¸ûôһѽ
ǣأ
ӣҲûˣ֮ǰҲһ㶼֪ģΪ۶ɶصķǳãֱǰʱű¶ݵġǶ˽⣬Ӳ֪ô޺壬͸˵һʲôˡ
Ƕ֪û˵ˣǣ͸Ӳ֪ˡ
ӣ˵ǣǵ۶ǵˣδ֪顣
⵹δأӣˣǻһҵ𡣡
ѽʱ̫࣬ӷ綼Ů˸ˡ
ˣõĲ˰ɣ
ͺˣΪֹܣҽĶ˵
ܺáڣ
ܿ죬ڡ
ڵɣǰɣ֮ǰʮ㣬ڰԵ׶꣬δ¶ݣǼΪ˺ѡڵɣѾɢʧһеĿŮˣһ㾫ûУɫ԰ףϴȻǳãȴȫ䡣
ɣôòôһƵġǰأ
߿ܡ飬Ѿ˵ˣǵ۶֮ܣ֮ڣ˵½һеĵһ˰ɡ
ʲôһڶģЩҴûڹֻһ仰
˵ʶʱΪǰɣ
Ȼûǰģȴûл˵ʲôܲµ
ĻˣǲܰԸǵ۶ǵġң㻹ܻãǸδ֪ڣǵ۶Ѿһλĳǿߣǰγĸףа»𣿡
ӣ£ȫǶѾˡû϶죬ȷֲܿٿֲĳǿߣҶʶ
ٸ˵ЩϻʲôˣҺˣʱҵĻ˰⣬ܽǣ壬ݵġ
ڳˣ֪ӷݵģҲ˵ʲô
ҿԴӦ㣬Ƶ۶ɱʱһ·
ߣ㶼ѱˣȻҸ˵Ļ
ӷ粻ΪЩĻŭ˵ȳȥһ¡
Ƕʣȫ߳
ڣֻʣ³ӷˡ
ӷͻȻһȫѪס´󾪣δ
ʲôԪأ
棬ֻйڰԪأɳӷɢԪأһǹԪأǺڰԪأʹһʱ֡
ȫϵѪԪء
䣬ڳӷ͵ĳһĻ档
ˣԼסˣɵҶӷǸѪɫĻ棬γһУǧħڴ
֪ǸôɱŶԣ׼ȷ˵ǱһԵġ
еĶħһǿԻ˵ģ㣬ɿɲκεɡ
ܣôܡ
ҪʲôֻҪ֪һ㣬ÿһ˵جΣǿߵǿߣ˵ֻϰĴڡֻ˵ڵ֮еǿߣ޾ģҪ٣ж١ҳӷ磬һһµĿ£ҿѣȥһΡ
䣬Уһֻ˳ΧɵͣתȦ
Ҫ
ŮˣϾŮˣвµĵ
Ŀ£һܹģҪշһˣշģģкַܶӷõģҪͶʩҪη塣
ȥɣһΣ֤ܷǳ
צӣֱץסɵĲӡ
ʵӷԼұ֤ųᷢʲôԼ޷ƿص飬ΪʵԹ԰֪һ˵ӷ粻òķûá
ſңſҡ֪ʲôҸˣ
Ź𣬹ԵŮˣ˶ϲ
Ͻջصӷı󣬶ðһ亹
˵ˣӷԼųʱеֲ


1611 ֮
˷ʱѾʵˣܳӷʲô֪޲ԣ޲
壬֪٣
֪ģҲүүǰҵġ壬֮ǰڴ½ϾţҲк֪ܶļǵ۶ǵĳȴû֪۶һôˣԵء
Ͳ˵ˣ֪ģǸ
үүǰ˵ļĸףȴġ
ģ˵һ㡣
ͣ˶٣ʮңʣ£ôǸء
Ǽ໥һۡ
Ͳ࣬ȴԸƣȲʲôȻڵ۶Ƿ洫飬Ͳм١
Ͳĸӣ˼ˣǸ׶󣬸𣬻Ǹ֮䣬٣
Ҳʮ겻ֻ꣬㣬ڵ۶ǵļУŵģ飬ȴû˸Ҵȥ
ң壬ӦöǼ򵥵Ĵڣǰĵ۶ǣҲȨ죬ǳǿߣǼҵҰģеİɣ
˵ûΪٹ۶ǵ飬϶ҸڹֻԼ˽£ڵ۶סĹ׷ǳ٣ͳ˼˵˵۶ǵˣЩǶԸ˶ԣȻһͬ񻰰Ĵڣɶһԣ̫ˣϾһҲ˶ǿ󣬶ǵһˣԣ壬ġ
ȻˣǼ壬Ϊʲôһ˵ļ壬ʲô
µģӷ磬֪ǴһģӵеĶҲ󲻵ģȣռκαˣΪһͨˣ˵֮ӡ
֮ӣ
ӷˣû⻰˼
ν֮ӣζʲôͬĶ
˵һ飬˵֮ӣʲô˼
˵Ӧ֪֮ԴڵһģһҪӳͱԪأȻУղŵԪأУźܶˣ˵֮Դ֮ģԪأҲ֮ͳġ
ӷ˵ͷȻ֪֮ԴԴͷʲôطòϣڰԪأȷ֮ͳġӷĿǰ֪ģǹڰƻ֮ͳԪأڽδǱ֪飬ӷڻ֪
˵ȥ
һԴߣԴߣͻԪأ֮Դӳһӵ˶ˣǾͻ֮䣬´ڵ㣬ҲҪҶͰɡ

˵ˡ
˵ˣ
˵ˡ
˵Щ˶֪飬㻹˵ˣӷҪ֪ģ¡
ɣˢŲھɱ㡣
˵ʲôӦ˰ɣ
ˣȷ˵ӷȻˡ
˵֮ӣղ˵֮ԴԪأ˼ǲ˵ͲģؼǴڵ仯ɵģ
⻰˵Ҳ̫˰ɡ
֮ԴϹڰִؼͳһˣΪ֮ԴԪض˵֮ģô֮ԴԪͳˣͳΪ֮ӣ֮Ķӣ
ôǸһ
ӷڲ˵Ǽ٣飬ڵÿഫ˵УǴڵģȲ˵ģʥǸõĽɫֹ¼ȻĳǾһڡ
û뵽Ǵ½ϣȻҲĴڣ˵һ㣬һ࣡
ΪµģϾ˵Ϊ֮ӣ֮ȴδھǴ½ϳֱֹԿ£Ϊıһɴ½ΪǿҲǴ½񻰰ʱͽʮ꣬ڣΪƲڰ׾Ǽ֮¡
񻰰
˵˵ģѵǷƶϣ
ûڷƶϸ飬Ҳǵ۶ܣҸ֮⣬ļ壬֪
ƶϣ֮ǰƺţǣʲôˣ
˵Ǵ½ΪǿˣħŮھŮǰСҲϹ֮󣬴½ΪǿĴڣ˵ǧǰǵΪѾ϶ľ磬ڣǵΪǵ˵ڰ죬۷壬Զˡ֮ӣҪԸһԷƶϣҪԷƶϣܷƶϣΪһҪ۷徳磡


1612 ֮
϶ڰ죬۷壬һ֮ң
ҲǷƶϣԶܵ۷ľ磬ҲпܣѾ۷ˣϾǾϹ֮ĵһǿߣǧδֹǵһУڵ֪ĶֻǴŰˣž׾Ǽһƶϡ
Ϊ磬ھ飬ΪǿĵˣҪԸģҲֻǸھˣ飬а׾Ӧ벻ڰ׾֮ϣȻзƶϵĴڡ
⣬ӷͻȻ𣬻һ˵ΪݣȽأЩһȻԷԼҵƿȭˣ
ˣҪһȲܷƶϣ٣飬ӷ֪ˣһĳǿߣҪԸģһľأǼһﲻ֪ʲôطȥˣʱпڱͱӣһﲻò
˶ȥԼ°ɡԣɾͽˡ
ǡӷģܲ˵ġ
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ɲҪңҼѾ
ûңѾҸˣ
С͵Ҹƴˡ
𼤶벻֪ļʲôط
¶Ҫ֣֪ܻǳӷĶ֣ټ֮ݣò
һӷ˵Լļˣ¶ֹ̾ͣ˳֣ʵԼҼ˵䣿
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壬Ǽ壬ϹĻ壿
ǰɣүүιҸ˵ôϻ˵ҵļأ
㸸ףƿȭˡ

¶ԼĶ䣬Լĸףƿȭˣǡ
ᣬֱӾ¶ˣҲ
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ʲôҲƿȭⲻܣүү˵ƿȭϹŵ֮ȭϹʧ֮ǰƿȭӡǼһ˵ڣһһһഫȥֻΣʱܽƿȭʹãҴƿȭһУֻʹƿȭι󣬾ͻԱ޵еȭôܻᣡ
Ų㣬֪ҲޣӣұҪҵļˣܽ⿪еˣ
ӣӡ
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ʲô£ҲǽȥԼ𡣡
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֣ڰ¡ǣ˵㷢ʲô
ǽڱ󣬲֪ʲôʱֳĸ֡
ӣĸ֣ҸղŲʱ򣬲ġΪʱ̫ˣĸֱڸ
ӷ翴űĸ֣ˣͬξа㡣
ھǴ½ϵ֣ӷ϶ʶˣĸ֣Ҳ⣡
ġڤ磡


1613 ڤ
ڤ磡
ŵĸ֣ȻǾڤ磬óӷӣˡ
ô£
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ӷ綼ɣǲԼǴˣȻôǾڤ硣
Ҫ֪ڤ磬ǳļѽ뵱ʱ߳ҵʱͽϵһУȫ˳ӷ硣
ңǴһоڤģסģճʱ˵ΪһըԼҵȲò԰бĵطȥȻӷ˵ΪʿĹϵڤ磬ŵ³Զ԰ġ
һһĴ˵ڣӷ綼ȷĸģĸǼٵġɲټ٣٣ӷ֪ڤѾʧˣըʿԽڤ״ݻ١
죬ʱ򣬳ӷȻǴ½Ϲһ鱮ϣžڤĸ֣⽫˵ʲôĸֳӷûϴĻǻ˵顣
ǿųӷ磬ӷɫʼ԰Գǿߣӷ綼ûгѽ⵽ô£
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ӣڤʲôط
ڤܾǡǴ½
˵ʲô磬ôǽоڤ磿
㣬Ҳܿ϶һ϶Ǵ½ǾڤĻļ硭Ӧ˵Ǽ磡
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Ȼһһ£ڿЦİɣ
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תӷ翴¶ͻȻһ΢΢¶ָһ˺ۡ
¶һѣʵʲô
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̬ѽ
ԹҲ֮䣬ѪԴϵ
ں˵ʲôҸ㣬ôܻѪԴϵ
ӷŲ¶ͬͬ⣬Ҫ֪¶ļǲǸԼйϵʵһǳֱӵķǾDNA


1614 ϵܸ
ѪԴϵĻ˵DNAаٷֱȵĻʶϵģȻٷֱȣҲжٵģĸֵ֮ܽıʸߴٷ֮ʮϣѪԴϵͻȽϵףֻҪѪԴϵٷ֮ʮʮ֮䣬һڵġ
Ϊȷ¶ԼǲǴѪԴϵڣǾͲȥʲôˣǴ½ǳļ磬ڤ磡
ӷ֤Լ¶֮䣬ͲκεѪԴϵ㣬ӷԿ϶ھǴ½ûеĿƼֻҪ;ȥ飬ܴﵽͬЧ
Ҳܳӷõʲô֮ѪԴϵûеģҲ˵¶ļ壬Լ֮䣬ûκιϵ
һ룬ûѪԴϵƿȭȴǼٵѽӷƿȭĴˣǳӵѪĵϵӵѪ֮⣬κˣǲܷƿȭģѧѧĻᣬΪƿȭҪѪܷӳ
£ӷеһԵ̫ʵˣƿȭԼģԼʱʿʱʲôþɣ
ı֮ϣڣ¶Ѿ뿪ˣҪǣþַȥѰļˣֻҪԳӷ˵ҪҼˣӦòʲô¡
ΪʲôңһѪԴϵҲûУļˣȴʹƿȭѵ¶ļ֮䣬ͲκεĹϵ𣿡
ӷʵˣȻ뵽¶ǸǼĹ¶ȥˡ
ϸ¶ղ˵ĻʮùãǼһΨһһʩչƿȭ֮ˡһ£¶˵ƿȭӡùڵģңǼһһģҲ˵ÿһУһ˵ڣӡƿȭǵƿȭһ֮УֻΣι󣬾ͻԱҲ˵ǣͲƿȭƿȭһʽӡڵģҪʩչƿȭͱȽ⿪ӡУ
Ǿ¶ǼԼһϵҲûУƿȭҲǼٵģǰ˵ҪԼҵˣƿȭӡڵġ
Ϲ
¶ļ壬ϹйϵֿܣһǻңǴ󳼡
¶˵ƿȭϹŵӡǼһڵģҲ˵Ϲŵƿȭ֮ˣǱϵĸ֣ڤ硭ѵǴ½Ϲǡճģʧˣ֪ʲôԭʧˣ˵뿪磬ȥˣ
ѵνľǴ½Ϲǵʱľڤ硭ң˵ʱľڤû٣ҳΪʲôҪ뿪ȫܵȥϹʱ緢ʲô£ս̫ѽ磬ʲôˣԴĹҳңڣҲͲ´ңΪˣУӾްҹΪʲô͵֪Ǵ½Ǿڤ磬ҳļ磬ǽɺأ֮ޱ޾ɺ˭ŰɣӣӾްҹ֪飬治һĶѽ͵Ͳ綫ɽ𣬺ûػȥԸǸŮˣǾڤ磬ؽ
ӷδӾްҹѣ෴ͬǸˣǸˣһˣһ˵ǵ˵ˣȻԼؽԼҵʱĻԻͣôҲ˵ȥɣ
ˣʾ¼Ǽһ˵ʾ¼ѵʾ¼𣿺Ӿްҹĵڴʲôע⣿
뵽Ӿްҹӷʶģҹ˳ͬʱ¶Ȼʱ򣬴˽
ҪɵȥҵļˣȻҸûꡭѽʲôѽͦƯģ
¶ֱӷǰӷ綼ȥˣѾͷʲô֪ĿУҲܵõκε鱨
¶ȻӴģȥҹⲻ𣬾㰵ҹû˿˺Ӿްҹӷ֮⣬κһᵹùġ

ӷȻһ֣Ҫջذҹȴϣ¶ѾҹС
ôܣ
ⶫҼҶˣⶫ͵ҵССɡ
ι
¶Űҹӷû뵽ҹȻ¶֣ųɺڹ⣬ӷ磬ڹ۾
ڵӷһѪɫĹ
¶дţʵ
ҹĺڹ⣬ȫ˽ȥж٣ն٣ϵɣֱڹȫɵİ
ΪʲôԼҹһ£ǳûϵӾްҹйϵ


1615 ϹͣԴ
ӷ粻κεĶ룬һУ¶ȡһѪѪѾҪDNAˣǽѪ˰ҹ֮ϡ
ǲëѽ
졣
ӷɫȻޱ䣬ҪƵģ¶һһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
Ȼ¶ѪڰҹϺ󣬰ҹԶ¶УΧϷͣתţɢĺڹ⣬ǿ
¶ǺڰԴߣѪҺȴðҹ˵ʲô˵ӷ²¶ļ壬ԼңһϵûУΪǸӾްҹйϵ
ԭǺӾ޼ĺᣡ
ʲôʲôѽʲô壿ʲô᣿
¶ӷ絽˵ЩʲôӾޣƺ¶ǵһ
ںӾ޼ˣһӾްҹǳӷû취ȥԸģˣӷԼһɱһˡ
һ룬ѽ
ԼңǴӾڤ絽ȥģɺӾ޼壬ǴڻģǣɸԼҲһ
ɼȻӾ޼ڻеһ壬ڤһϵûУΪʲô¶ѪҺԸҹںϣҲ˵¶ļ壬ǸӾްҹѪԴϵģ
ôһ£
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ǵİ׾˵ŴǽǾŰôãŴ½һشܣǰ׾˵شܣֻ᲻ӷ벻׵йϵأ
ӣϵһ°׾ˣŮһʲôԼ
ȳȥ˵ѾѰˣԺû㣬㲻Ҫңһûסˡ
ιô
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ˣںǷҵģǼʲôʱǷô
ѽӷ˱˵ļңڻ˵Ҫұˣǲ̫˵㡣
ӷԼԼ뷨ȻЩܶ鶼벻ͨһͨˣ˵֪ӾްҹһУһУ󣬵Ϊʲô¡
¶ǲˬĳȥˣӷǰһѪ⣬Ѫ֮Уʱ˰׾õӰ
СӣʱȻʶϵǲѾ֪飿
ӷЦһԭ飬׾ñԼ֪Ȼ֪ȴû֪ͨԼŮˣôġ
ӣ֪飬Ҫ࣬һҪ硣
ôǹ֪£ûҲҪˣȻѾˣȻģͲҪ֪ͨ㡣˵ˣǵΪԲмɱ㣬һѡһʱҪġ
˵û֮󣬾ѡʱ䡣ҳӷˣӲϲƿأȻ˵£Ҿֱǰĸ¡
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ûһ֮ҾҪͳһųǣʶ½
СӣǲǷˡһµʱԿҪ֪Ϊǵһ磬Ȼɱһĳǿߣһڶ죬ϰ޵ĳǿߣҪԵģˣһ֮磬Ӧһƶϣ֣𣿡
Լ飬㲻ҪΪҵģȻҾˣǾһаաҲ⣬ҲӲûյ̡ϵ㣬ΪӲ֪ƶϣһһ£
СƨǶ࣡ʰɣ֪ʲôֻҪ֪ģ㣬Ͼǰеˡ
ӷҲϻֱʵǹϹʱڵ顣
Ϲʱڣѵû߹㣬Ϲ֪ͣҲ𣡡
ҲҪֻ֪֪ܶ࣬ڵ֣Ϲʱڣǲһģ
ȻһˣϹϹͣڣз˾޴ı仯֣ȻҲһˡ
ϹŽʲô֣
ڤѽңھֵ֮⣬ϣѾû֪Ϲ͵ˣȻ˷ƶϣ⡣
ݡ
ԭ׾֪ˣӷѽΪʲô֪Ǵ½Ǿڤ磬ǾͿǰܾãȥѰԼҪĴˣ
Ϲأ
ϹͲҪʱˣǲ֪ȻǿԴӵ۶ǣطϹģ
ôײ鵽ϹӦ֪ˡҼǵ˵磬һشܣŴǽ⿪ǸܵԿף˵شܣǲǸϹйصģ
ӷôһʣ׾˶һ㶡
㣬ô֪ģ
Ȼӷ˵ˣ½֮أϹ͵֮أ
ħŮ֪飬Ȼҡ˵ɣϹʲôܣħŮôõ
֪Ϲ֮أӷ磬Ǳ㣬ڻܸ㡣
ӣ֮䣬ûоԺô֮£ȫĸġ˵ɣҪôܸңϹ֮صʲô
ϻ֪ĻǻʲôܣΨһܸǣϹ֮صģԴͬʱԴϹ֮СҲ˵˭ܵõϹ֮أ֪棬ôγɵġˣкҪҪõеĴ𰸣ͼŬɣŴеĵˣΪĵ˶򲻰ܣǾŴ綼䵽Щ˵С


1616 
Ϲ֮أǴ½Դ߳ӷ磬Ѿǰ׾ĵˣҲԼ˵֪ģҲôˡ
½ԴǾڤ绹ǾǴ½ͬһ磬ϣԴҲǺ飬ΪʲôԴأ⣬ڣŰ׾ҪҵģǴ½ԴһҵԴǾͼпܵõһЩ󲻵Ķ˵󲻵ĺô
뿪׼ȥоһµ񷶦֮Ĺϵ֮ʲôϵô˵ԪѪӤں֮󣬵ųֵģӷ粻ỳɣĳֹѪӤʲô£ûѪӤԼԪ񣬵ԪԼԪں֮󣬵Ҳһ֣˵пܣǲ񷶦ܱģҲ˵ɺԪܱġ
ʵںʱ򣬳ӷͻɹŴԪǲ񷶦֮ǰľŸˣӵй񷶦ҲǾŸޱǿĴڡڣŴԪеѾѵΪʲôᷢ飬óӷ粻òȥ룬ŴԪ񣬸Ͳǲ񷶦ǰˣǸ񷶦Ϊһġ
Ȼڲ񷶦ܣӷ絽һͷûУ˾ŴԪ֮⣬ˣһֻޣֻ޺жֻǳֹһΰˣҲѾǺܾ֮ǰˣڣ޶δʲô
ӣҸ˻һ˰ɽڰֻһЩûջ٣Ծͽ˰Щ˻
Ǵżʿ̧һЩ¶Ҳðҹ˽
ӷûȥںЩȻǰǵģִ˻Ǿ°ɡ
¶еĶҡ
һӣҹ¶Уص˳ӷС
¶ӾްҹѪԴϵⰵҹǺӾްҹӷģȻᱻκߡ
˭ϡ⡣
¶һתҪˣȴһСģ˺ʿһˮʿֽŲȣ¶һˮ˵ϡ
ˮǳҪ̧ɼҲᣬڵʱ޴ûѡ
Сһ㣬һѽ
ǽһˮû𣬳ӷʵǱ
ǵġӣǳ򣬵ʱ֮ʱ֪½飬ǿˡȻҪǳǳ֮ǳȫɱҲֻԣǳˡ
ǻ䣬ͻȻǳɢ˵׹⡣
ôܣǳԶ
ûǳ֮ƶ˵ǳǲеġڣǳ򲻵ˣڣһ档
ӷֵĻȽأЩʿ¶£ֻһˡ
ǣʲô
ǿǳֵĻ棬⻭棬ǴδģһԲ壬ԲΧһƬɫƬɫУȴʯͷΧ۵ģʮʯͷоſģ˲ͬɫĹâֳһߵģʯͷλƶһµĻһֱߡʮʯͷǰ޹⣬ȴΪǰſʯͷ֮ףſʯͷҪʲôƵġ
⣬ʮʯͷ֮£һѪɫʯͷģһģǵʮ鰵޹ʯͷֻٶȷǳҲǳԶ
ʮʯͷǿʯͷȫԲεģһ㣬Χкܶʽʯͷ
ӣ⻭棬ҴûǳߵԲʯȥѽ
ȻˣǾǣʮ飬֮ǰֵĵʮǡٿʮ֮ǰһѺƵĶǾеһĻ⻭棬ǡ棬½֮档
û½Ҳû˿ɳӷԵģȻǼʲôӡ
ӣ˵棬ǾǣǰԲ񲻾ǡ
½ǾǴ½磡ΪʲôΪʲôֻһ룿磬Ϊʲôֻһ룿ÿһ򣬶ԲεģƻᣬŻᡭڤ磬ӣϹͣ淢˴ģսǳս类һ룡
ȲĴ½ж󣬾һĴ½磬ҲǴϺܶġһôս类ݻһأըһУᱻݻ٣ԣϹͣûըԼȣҲһѽǣǲȥҾڤ磬Ծ͸ɴ˵ڤѾˣ
ҲȲܳȵ״ʲôע⣬ʵϵģڤڤ֮Уִ޾ı벻ӷΪӾްҹĹϵؾġ
ȻѾص˾ڤ磬ǾͰе鶼ɣҲҵеĴ𰸣ӾްҹĿģԼҵʱΪʲô뿪ԭ򣬻Ϊʲôԭ


1617 ½ײһƬ
дСҲԶн
ȻںܶĴ𰸶ҲǾҷԶģȰѽĸɡ
ľز֪㵽ʲôطȥˣӷҲûҪ϶һľ磬Ǹģӷĵ׽ɵҽʮ֮һԼġ
ȻľֲɵӣɵҵǴ½˵һֶΣۼӷĵģɵóӷԡ
֮Ϊǿߣ𾳽磬Уһʲô벻飬ѩ֮£Ҳһ˶֪Ķ
֮ǰ֮䣬ȻǶѾӷռˣ֮ĵ̣Ҳڳӷġ
ѩǲǺԶҪȥҲֻգۼˡ
ʱǷչķǳãһˡս顱ûʲô鷢
ڵˣЩǰͶǵˣ໥֮ҲദķǳãϾзģ˭·һ
ǽĶǵЭӷͲõģӲȥΪǵļһȻ˵ɱӷ磬ǾԲǰġ
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ʥƷʱȥɵڳӷİǳ󣬵ҪʥƷûôˣ䲻ʲô飬Ļӷ治ұ֤Ҫʲôʱ򣬲ܵʥƷľ硣
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ֳѺۣɴڣŲٰʮ꣬ѩĿ籩ѩܽѺ۸ס
ѺеҽȻûðҽеǲͣԶһƬѩ֮Уַ·һƬƵġ
գľؾǱȥģǴģأ棬һʲôڡ
ӷҪȥΣգҲҪľص
ٶʲôӷֱȥ
Ѻ۷·һ޵׶ӷȥ֮岻ϵµ֪˶ãûأӷɣطǲǸûе׵ģߣһ
ʱ󣬳ӷһɫɫĹ㣬ΧҲһұڵĶȥٶȿʼ·Ƶġ
ͨǵصͬչ˳ӷǰӷ壬ҲѾµˣ˫УվǺɫɫĹ֮ϣЩ㣬ͺñȵ㣬ӷȴԸоޱȵȣӣЩ֮£ҽˡ
ýڹص̤˼£ӷ緢֣ЩǼӲޱѽʯûЩӲҲ˵ЩͲǹ㣬ǵصµһֿȴһġ
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ЩʣӦҽγɵģ
ǰͨӦòǳӷҪѰĴ𰸣ңͨǰ΢΢紵ӷ԰ٷ֮ٿ϶ͨľͷӦǴһ·˵һƬռ䣬ӦֻеصĵطŻзĴڡ
ӷŲһڵϵʣȻ̹⣬̹Ϻڹ⣬ȻֳһֻɫĹâֻɫĹâͨȫ
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ͨһֱߵģڳӷһʱ󣬶ûͨת䡣
ѽһֱߣӦþ͵˵ˣУôܻзء
ǵĳӷڵ磬ȥǧֹϼʱǾĵģڵʱһЩһڵһռ䣬Ż漣ģӷ粻ţǴ½У˭ģڵһռģˣЩ뷨һ±˲֪ĻȻ˷ƶĴڣǵݸڴ½ϵĵλ˵͸Ӳĵˡ
ͨľͷӦòǿռ䣬ʲôⶫӦþǸľʱйصģ
ֹ˴Լʱңӷߵͨľͷɵӷ翴ǰһĻʱʱɵۡ
⻹һռѽңһͬĿռ䣬ֻƬССУκεʯҲûһγɣеģֻһǳһУЩǳñӵ㣬ʱʲô
⣬һƬ磡


1618 һ
г޵ЩȴͬĸڵӤδ˵棬ԭһƬ磬һεĴը󣬲ŽƬģķܿ
ӷǰƬ磬Ǵ˵δ㣬ӵǿҲ˵ӵǿЩȴ޷õͷţǱУûɣԶֻһƬСС򣬳ȥҲˣµܱ𽥵׳
˵Ǵ½ԴԴϵ֮ԴΪһĹϵŻʹ֮ԴвͣӿǴ½ñһȱڰӿ룬ô½ĵزƬ磬ֽʲô
飬һһķӷɣǴ½Ϊһˣ򱻻һ룬ܽһڴ½ĵײֱһƬǿĻ磬ңое˵ĻԾѵľأǴõﳬ
ѽƬеǿΪûбҲǲйģľôõеģ
ӷĿ磬ǰѾû·ˣȴκζӷڣڻ֮ϣеһһģ·ʺ㣬ۻң
ʱͻأĲλһɾҵ𶯣𶯾ͺñһԭӵը㣬ڻм䲿λ˾޴ĶըҲΧȫɵˣɵַ֮ܳȫµңҪ֮ǰĸǿޱȡ
⣬ӻкϣӷһԱһֻЩγһĹӻ֮У˳
ɣȱˣ
һ̣ӷӹУһ棬ʾģȻľء
ľͬһǰ㣬Ϸ׹ٶȣȳӷʱҪԳӷĲ²⣬ľ֮ôٶ׹ΪһƣһǿĳŻٶȵġ
ͬһʱ䣬ڻУҲ˻龰ڹʱľظպþͨ׹䣬ɺϵǣڹոһ˲䣬ľأֱӵĴӹǸϣֱӳ˻֮ڣ
һˣһΪߵˣ֮ʱ壬ֱӾը˿ԪҲڻоޱʹļ尾
ӷ粻ǿľص屻Ԫ˲ҽ漴еͣĳľصԪۼľصԪ񣬿ٵıеɣֵʱľԪͬʱľ֮ǰ壬ȻڽĽϣǿ޵Ļȫľؽ֮ڣľӵһȫµ
ʱ䲻̣ľصԪɣϣۼ֮󣬻ʧˡ
ӷ˫ıʲôʱ򶼴󣬾Ȼ鷢ѹľؿ֮϶쾳ˣԭ˻ԪǱɵģûԪȴӵ˻Ҳ˵ľص壬лγɵģԪԪ壬ѾΪһ壡
Ļ磬ȻˣȻпܱԽ
ӷһ룬ȻľеõһģеõԼɲƵǿȥһǼһ￿磬۷徳磬ǵùģԼ
ɼȻطľȷֵģԼʲô취ء
硣
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󷨸ЩӷɲУӣҪڲ񷶦ߵϣûĽ硣
ӷȻ񽣣ڵ˺һᣬ񽣳ɱ֮⣬ûκν硣ǣӷ˲񷶦ڲ񷶦ڣֻԴֳܶӷ絽ڶûѧԴһҲûС
ĵƣȻ綼ûУǺãһľطвͣȡǶ˵񲻳ɽɽֶ𣬻Ҫۿľһеȫոɾ
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ʮѾӻȫ˳ӷķ֮ͻȻĹȻڳӷϷγ˼Ǵ½ϵ֡
ֺܴÿһֶǳӷ籾ĺüӷȥͼǰʮ޴֡
Դһ磡


1619 ֮ս
Դһ磿
һŽʮ֣ȴ̲֮Ŀԣţ˵ǿ˰ɡ
һ磬еĵһ磬㿪ʲôЦû֪ôγɵģ͸Ӳ˵жٸˣ˭˭ʸ˵ĸеһڵġ
ӣʮ֮ˣһǷˣ˵ΪԼ֮ˣеһУ涨ѽ
һЩʮ֣ǴƬгֵģܲܣƬ磬İɣ־Բܵ飬ӷϡ
ЩֲģǾֻһܣƬУȻγɵġ
Ϊģǲ˭ֵûɵĵطɼȻȻγɵģǶʮ˼Ͳȥˡ
еĵһ磿ѵǴ½ڤ磬еһֵ磬һ𣿡
ӷЦһЦģԼڵеĵһ磬ģԼң񲻳Ϊеĵһ壡ȻǰǣҪ֤Ϲĵ֮ңԼҡ
ЩѾˣľأΪƬĹϵģȴΪѹεı˻֮УҲþɣвûȡ˻е΢Ц϶һľ硣ӷҪõƬܲѧľ֮ѽ̫Σˣӷɲɵȥðգ˵ˣľҲʱ˺ͣܽҵģԼֱӳȥʲô
ǰ˵Ϊǿһˣ˵ƬУΪǿˣ˭ܵõƬ˵ǳưԾǴ½ڤ磬ҪưƬ涼ǲܵ飡Ǹʱ򣬱˵һδ¾Щ֪ģδ֪֮񣬶Ҫηְɡ
ȻΪҪǣܵõƬӷоԵİմ򿪺ռ֮ţӭλ޵еĸˣ
һδжܶ죡
һ޴ıɽѽͰԼǰԼأָֻܿоóӷòʹ졣
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ӷ磬֪һѰҵﳬܣҲѾþˡ
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ӷҲʲôľг磬Լͬв񷶦
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ΪһѪ㣬ұľأҲδ̫˰ɡ
ҵȻ֪㵱ʱʲôע⡣ӣýδҵ㣬ֻҪųģŮ洣ܵǵ磬ͻᰲȫôҲ벻ҵĵûδɣҪңȵ磬Ҳδ̫˰ɡȻҲòĻϷʱ뿪ʱ֪ᷢʲô飬ȴ˳ԶŪ޵УŪǻۣӣȴڳ֮ϡ
ںڣѾûˡңδǱߣҲûȥСģ㣬ҵʱˣӦðѳѺϡɳ֮⣬벻ˣķֻܶһˡ
㵱ʱǳˡɣ֮Բδǣýδͣȥ磬طչٶȱ
ʵϣ㣬㿴ĺ͸ֻҪδµԽСľصĻᣬͻԽľأҰģһѽ
ӣ⻹㣬硣ǿ̫࣬˭磬㹻δ⣬ֻҪ۲֣ĴƣžǺǴ½֮ˡŶӦ˵ǳҵϼңڤ硣
ӷɫ䣬Լող֪飬ľأȻ֪ˡ
˵㻹֪٣ֻҪ֪һжң죬ҿҷһ
ңǰʸ˵仰ɽ죬ΪܸһõеҸ㣬㲻ǵò
Ȼ˵ǾͱҲˡľأóյõõҼʶһ£½ǿߣҵĵǰôá


1620 ľ
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ʶѵһɵԶǵеĶħлҲɡ
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㣬ľغܴӷԶսӰȻһˣѾ˳ӷǰǳ˿һˡ
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ӷһļƣ˫΢˫ֱƣľأҲһǿҵѪ⡣

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ӷϾûڸ֮ЩȭҲǼǵΪ򵥣ļаˣֻҪ֮ȭȫһʹãľ߶
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ӷСһƣһȭľش

Ƿ˱ըıըһĹľء
ľˣ˸ղλã˵ڹѾʧˣľҲ֪ɺϣǵģֱӴλãȫɢĺڹ⣬Ȼ֮ڵĽ
ӷ磬ǲɵˣѵˣҵԴƬ硣Ƭǿһôĳ̶ȣӦúɡ
ӷ󾪣û뵽ľؾȻԸƬһ𣬻˵ڵһ
Ƭ磬ʼ𶯣ǻɽ㣬ǺХ㣬Ҫ
ӷ֪ԼǲֵܵסƬģһȫԼ·һͬʱľأҲܲˣ
𣡾ȻҪƬ磬Ҳġ
Ϊɱ㡣죬õʱǾͬھɡ


1621 ľ屬磬ӷƴ
ˣľķˣڵûҪΪɱӷ磬ͬھķõĳ
Ҫ֪½ײĻ磬΢΢һ㣬Ϳһ۷嶼˵϶ľ磬֪һô̶ȡ
˵һ϶쾳ǿߣԻУڵĻҪһʡǲܵģһ۷徳ĳǿߣԻһˡ
еһͳһ϶һĳǿߣôеһ𣬻˵һԽеĻȫյĻǲ͵ڿԵ۵ǵȾˣһԽ϶쾳Ĵڡ
Ӵǿһ֪ᷢʲô飬ǳӷľأ½Ϊеһ㳾ھǴ½Χĺܶ򣬶ܵǣǲһը
ľأϸס֣
ӷľؾȻΪһ⣬ֱӳ˻֮Уʱ򣬳ӷĻܵô࣬ȻľضѾֵزҪֹķ񣬾Ҫӷ
ѪӤҵԪڣȫˣϣ㻹Ԫã뿪ҵģ
ӷ罫еȫѪӤΧȻ䣬ѪӤڳӷڣɢǿҵѪ⣡
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ǿӷԶΧұڣȫʯҲ֪ʲôطȥ
Ȼֵˣǽ죬Ҳȥˡ
ӷ罫еȫ˵֮ڡ
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ľشЦӷ磬Ҳδ̫˰ɣƬ磬
ӷڶģһǰδеĴĲѽȽԼ壬ս˲񷶦֮ڣԵȥջ磬еĻˣϲ񷶦ߣȥƬ磬ûãǽ죬ӷˣһУ


1622 ֣ɻ
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ɰγɵĴ½ѾĹڵλãӦ˵ʮڵλãȥҲʹǴյʯͷٵĿʮǡ
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ѪŻܶĻӷӿʱӷĵ˽ȥ
ɳӷ粢֪жնٻԿ϶ǣлջҲǲȫյģԵ̫СˣһͿԽȫ⡣
񷶦ڵ֮ţΪӷԿ϶һ㣬γɣһ񷶦йϵ˵ʮ֮һĻǲ񷶦ǿʮ֮ģһһѾʮ֮ĵĻˣʣµʮ֮ǾҪȴ漣ĳˡ
ε飬ӷһնûУȻͲƴˡ
ľصķѾ˼ޣڵѾСӣȴȶħҪֲצ㣬Ҫӷͬھ
ӷ磬ҿ㻹ն١
ľʹлڴЦֻҪɱӷ磬ԸеһУ·ΪˣΪ˶Ըӷ㡣
ӷǿжŻϾΪ̫ף˵׼ʥƷ磬۷徳磬Ҳǵֵסġ
壬ѾȥͬʱҲųӷˣ⣬Ѿ޷ȥջˣڻһ񷶦
ڵͬһתվ㣬ӷͨתĻȫս˲񷶦Ҳ˵֮ǰյĻȫתƵ˲񷶦֮ڡ
Ϊӷ廹ڲ񷶦УʹĳӷڲòƵ¯ȥ¯ǿԱסġ
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λףʱڳӷһһģ˳ӷϡ
һѪ⣬ɲ񷶦ͷųڳӷȫ
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ৡ
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˵汦Ѿһˣδʽ׽ϣܷӵĳңڳӷҲҪӳֻҪսܻסԼѪӤ֮壬ֵסѾ㹻ˡ
ӷ磬ΣѾǷˡҵ뿴㻹ʲô취
ľתڻ֮УγһС͵磬磬ʹĻıըٶȼӿ졣
ӷ֪Ҫķȥֹľأˣˣʲô취أӷһʱ֮䣬벻
ʱϷͻȻһƹ⣬ƹ⣬ƶ˳ӷǰ
ӷȻһʱ򣬾Ȼһٵ˹ʲôӲ

ԥľγɵ磬ʹһǿĻӷ磬δȳӷȥֵڳӷǰĻƹ⣬Ȼûһƹܣɻֵңڸһֵ֮ʱһ޴ĲΧɢȥڴ˿̣ը
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ӷ磬ɣƬ磬Ѿʼըˡ
Ļ쵰
ӷ䣬ͻأڵ֮ѣ֮ȫˣԼߣǰĻƹܣҲʼԣ仯ΪһɫĶƣڶ֮ϣֳĸ֡
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˵زˣϽ񷶦һУҪˡ
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ôȻռ񷶦
ӷţ񷶦ˣһȫʲôˡ
ؼʱ̣񷶦ڴһͨ񷣬ǽ˵֮ڣȻһͷޡ
ӷתͷȥֻһڹ⣬ӵг˳žŴħȫ˳ӷǰ
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1623 ٱ
ӷ绺ʱǰǱȽʣǿκζģΨһоģֻǵɫĹâ֮⣬ʲôûС
žʮӵʱ䣬ӷ˫۲ܿģɫĹâ
΢΢һȫĹͷƵģˣԵһûС
ʲôطӷʱ㲻ȴǵģԼ֮ǰ磬ѾױըˣҲ˵Ǵ½ڤ磬ѾȫݻˣԼڵĵط֮У
ҲѽȲ˵һƬڰʯ֮ʲôûУӷ绹ǵģ籬ըʱޣ֪Ϊʲôӵг˳ǱըĻ
ӷΨһܿ϶ǣǸ񷶦һģ޲ܻӵг֣֮⣬Ͳܿ϶κζˡ
ٹ˴Լʱңӷ΢
ǰ˵ΧһĻóӷľѣ
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м䣬һƽ¯ӣǡ
ɣ¯Ǳδӡڲ񷶦ڵĹڰƻʱҲ˵ǡ񷶦֮ڣ
ӷ綼̫Լ۾ô磬Ƭ磬ѹ˵Ļ磬ôᵽ񷶦ģ
Ϊ˿϶һ㣬ӷȻ̧ͷ֣ڻ֮ϷޣǲͣķתţǳԦﵣǴӵ棬ֱӴϷǲ񷶦˶һƬ磬һƬɫĻ֮⣬һ仯ûС
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ðɣȲôսģ񷶦Ϊʲô綼װ£ӷҪģȴƬгȥ֪Ƭ᲻ٴβը
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ӷЦһԼɱľˣľҪɱԼһģľǼһΣӷ綼ʹ군
Ҷ㡣ֻҪңһٴܵġ
ʱ򣬻ڣɫĹâЩâȫΧԦΧһĵ㣬Ԧﵵı㣡
ͷųĹâͬһֳ㣬Ԧﵾͺñһ񷶦һ֪ĻŹâϵĳԦﵣԦﵽе鲼˲񷶦Ĳͬط񷶦ڣһɫЩɫ֮УĹ㣬㣬ɸֲͬı仯
ɲ񷶦Ķ棬ǽϣǼ͹Գʮӣͬʱ棬棬棬еϣϷͬʱ͹Գ˲ͬ״ӣЩӣڿٵ໥ӣ໥Ͽ񷶦ڣͣķű仯
ӷٵĶ㿪ӣӣڳӷΧͣĴţ仯ţóӷɫ԰ף⣬׷ʲô£Ϊʲô񷶦ᷢ仯
侲ӷǵģ񷶦Ѿǵһηˣǵڵʱ񷶦Ҳһα仯Ǹʱ򣬲񷶦ԼԺУһˣǾŴԪڽԪʱ򣬲񷶦ԼԺбһ޴Ľ۾ˡ
ڸʱһٱ䣬ֻʲô³ӷôľϲ


1624 
񷶦ڶεı仯һνȻͬһǱһ޴ĽԪɵʱľŴԪΪһģڣ񷶦֮ڣṹڱ仯һԲεķ䣬ӵܱ֮󣬱һεĵãñ˽֮ɫ·ȫɻƽɵġ
ǰĲ񷶦ڲɫ˽ɫ
Ԧɻмλã¯ȴѾڵˣԦﵵм䣬˵Ԧﵾһ֧㣬¯¯λλϡ
ޣϷΧͣתȦѾض£˿ſǰһűߣŻƽɾŴԪγɵģڸղŲ񷶦仯ʱȫ뿪ԭڵλãڳӷǰΪһ壬ŷɽ⣬γһžȫ嶼ΪɫģŸͷȫ͹γɣ
ھ·ŶÿŶоŻƽǰľһСûκε̬ԣֻɻƽγɵıˡ
ʮű֮ϣұǿյģߵűϣߴԪʣҲǿյģΪԪѾӷѪӤΪһ塣
ڵõһ䴦һŷ·ӵ΢΢ţǾԪǸе˿־壬ںµķȴûκεˡ
ת˼Ȧûͷųκεһεֱ̬ӽ¯֮ڣʱ֮䣬¯ͷųǿҵĲʹ⣬
ӷʵ벻ʹ񷶦Ϊʲôᷢ˵ı仯ΪʲôһãþͺñһϣһţһȨȴû֪ãһôĴڡ
ߵľűԣǾŴԪģұߵľűִʲôʲô˵أУǰľһôĴڣ
ӷڶ벻̫ˣֱߵ˾ǰȴΪޣԱſأ֪һ᲻ʲôһһ鷳ɾʹˣһƬ綼յģս񷶦ġ
˺óһʱ䣬Ҳ˵ǳӷ۲޺óһʱ䣬һ㶯ûУһ˫۾ƵĿųӷ磬ӷ֪Ӧòʲô⣬Ǻӷ֣һ¾
ͻȻڳӷѪ֣ӷûκѽѪôģҲԼѽԼ´ѪԪأѪԪظһ֣һʢѪ⣬ڳӷֳһƬ
ԶˣһҪڲ񷶦һƵģԶƵʮűмλá
֮ڣħϵĺţţڲ־ͬʱеĶҲη壡ħǵеִߣʱ֮䣬ͽжѹˡ
¯ڣһʹֱ˵֮УȻ˲䱻˰㣬ʼ˴أգľɽɽˮˮк󣬶ܶǰδҲһƬˣγһȫµ硣
һĻ֮Ĵڣգ۹Ǳĵֱԭӡ
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ӷһţӾߴԪҲ½ǸԵı֮ϣһ㶯Ҳûˣ
ʹ⣬ûΪӷһʱʧӵǿ󣬳ӷڵҲ̼
ǻƬеǿǿ󣬿ڳӷϵģȴƬеİٷ֮һǧ֮һ˵֮һɽ֮һȻӷȵ
Ѿ׼ʥƷˣʱͻƣڣӷΪɲʥƷľ磬ǳԽʥƷ磬ֱӳƷȥ
Ȼ£ȻΪˣСС˵㣬˵㣬ܲϵĵõƬڲ֮ҾͿԵﳬˣ۷徳磬Ҳǲѽ
в񷶦гѪֲ֪ô˹е񷶦˵ڶεı仯ӷ絥ЩҪﳬҲԶˡڣֿΪӷãǾͲֻǳˣ۷ѽ۷壬ľѽľУ
һ£֮ءδӡ֮أ
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ڣڽӷûʱȥ֮񣬿ȴòȥ롣
һ˵Ϊɻģʱ룬οڽʱ
ӷֻоڵҳײһͨ󳵻㣬ȫһ𣬲һصĽͨ¹ʣ
ãҪ߻ħˣ


1625 ʥƷɴ
߻ħ飬ֻҪǸߣлʷģʵĴСҪ̬߱ˡ
ԳӷĿǰ״ǾԲܷ߻ħģʥƷ˵ͻƾͻƣֱϵƷ˵ĺˣȻʱܸľֺȣƬ綼ѾڳӷˣľزٿȥӷͿƵ
֮ʧڲ񷶦ڣʹĳӷһʱ֮룬ҲΪˣŻᵼ߻ħ鷢ġ
ʥ磬ÿһƷѶȶģĹУҲǰҪΣյĶ࣬γӷ˼ù¡
ڵʼңѪߣڿʼӡ
ȥӷ治ұ֤ᷢʲô顣
ʱѪӤʱ˹ӷΪһ壬ĳӷƽ
ӷ籾ûʲôˣѪӤӷ壬ڳӷʱӷ緢֣Լû߻ħѪӤײޱȣڳӷڣ
ȫѪ⣬䣬ոȶĳӷ磬ȴѪӤƻ

ӷһڵѪӤͷ·ӷĵˣڽӷڲͣײţҪӷڵľͷȫһ
㵱ѽһף
ӷϥеȫ˵ﴦ
ѪӤųӷйȥ˳ӷĵ̵Ѫ⣬ֱӽӷͱһ޷ܳӷĿƣܡ

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ļһңҰһ㡣
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ѪӤγɣ͸񷶦һģӷ绹ûôһ£ֻ֪ѪӤԼԪ仯ɵģ˼ҵһϸ֪ԼڣԼһģʣôȥڵء
ʱ˿̣ӷ˵һ۶ûˣڣ¯ڵĻһɢǿĲʹ⣬ʹ⣬ȫ˳ӷ壬һɸӴ˳ӷڡ
ǳӷ޷յģǳΪһڣӵ㣬ڳӷڽѪӤ赲
ѪӤȻڳӷڴóӷ粻òȥ޴ʹࡣ
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ٴγ֣ǵ֮Уٳ¯ڵĻʹ⣬ڳӷϣͨӷ磬˵֮У
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ѪâסõĽ⣬¯ɢĲʹ⣬ҲѾȫʧ
ӷһеѪȫȻʧӷ˷ޣһ޴ΧһװԴ򣬳ˣ
ʥƷû뵽ѪӤôһ㣬ֱӵʥƷ
ճ˵ĳ˵ʥƷƷɲǰףһж˳ҲҪʱɡڣӷ˼ӣѾʥƷƷˣѵʱ䣬ֻǱ˵ʮ֮һˡ
ǿ֮ԴӵõϷЩ֮ӿͣĹӷڣûֱӹģǱӷյġ
Լʱ֮֮ԴֹͣˣӷȫҲѾջڡ
ʥƷ
ڵʥƷľ磬볬磬ֽһ󲽡
һ£ɱʥƷҪӷġ
ʱڻ绹ûը֮ǰڻ֮УҲѽΪʲôʱûзֱ仯˲񷶦֮ڣǲ񷶦˵ڶεı仯ҲѹһͨȻõ˱仯ѵǡǸͲǵһ磡񷶦ӵ޵޵Ŀܣ񷶦ʹĲ񷶦ܱĵҲ˵񷶦ͳ磡Ͳĵֻһĳʼ񷶦ͨǸģ
ӷ²ЩģǾ͵ڽҿ˲񷶦Ŀĵһɴ


1626 ű䣬ű
񷶦ȻԴ磬ò˵ӷ綼ʼԼǲǳ⣬񷶦ٹǿٹأôܴأ֮ǰһУֲǼٵѽУȷǷ˱仯Ǳ仯˵ֵȷһĳʼ״̬
˵棬ڸտʼʱҲֻһƬ磬һδըγɵ棬ʮ򣬼Ȼǰϲ񷴴һ磬Ҳ˵ȥģǣǲ񷶦˻Ĺϵǻ˲񷶦Ĺϵֻߣ֮䣬ʹϵӵĳֹϵģ
Ȳܳӷ²⵽Ǽ٣٣֪񷶦һˣǾǼпһĹߣߣʲôطӷ绹ҪȥѰҴ𰸡
ղŵĻ籬ըȻѾ޸ֹ˲񷶦У棬һһ춯صıңķȫѾ˸ָ׼ӷ粻ܴڲ񷶦̫ãı仯ҲѾ̶ˣˣ仯ˣӷϳȥǱߣ۶˫֮һսһ֮չ˵ӷΪѾʥƷľ磬ҪǸ϶ĳǿߣҲʮΣյģ˵ǾһĽ֣
ӷΪʥƷʱ񷶦ڵЩԴֳˣҲ˵ӷڿѧµԴ
֣һ򣬳˳ӷУʱʧһԴɳӷг֣һΪһķţ˳ӷԺ֮С
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֮Ѫ˵ģǳѪɣ֮㣬׾ö֪ǲ񷶦ɺ֮֮꣬ʲô˼
ӷ̾˿ЩһһظԼȥ˼ôЩ쵰Լҵﳬ磬˵ĵ۷壬ȻǺÿģ
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ڵĵгҵľĴ󱣻ţδʹ򲻽ȥֻȳ֮ⷢչˡ
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δû뵽ӷСӣôѾò񷶦ˣڰ֮Ѿ⿪˷ӡѾ򡣳ӷСӣǿһҲãЩΪǵļһ֪ƬУˣв񷶦ġڽǶ䣬Ӧûɵ䴴ʱ򣬾ͻвĵλʱһֹģԼ飬Ҳһˡ


1627 
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1628 ʮ̫
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ȻѾΪǴڿʼ͸Ϊɡ֮

ܲӦˣӦͲܱ𣬷Ǵ½мˣǿԸڵĳӷΪеģǰ֮һ
ǣ״ˡ
ǼҲҵĶӣʮĸӣǿģصĶ󣬿ȴɱ˭ıֺãҾͻص˭ͬʱΪʮ̫
ʮ֮䣬໥񣬾ûһƵģͬȻҲܲơ
ʮ̫ʮӣһǴʲôˡ


1629 
ӣڻˡղš
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֮ǰĴ½𣬵ΧĵƷ˷ǳı仯һЩƽԭɽһЩɽΪһƬƬİ͹һʹĳ֮صΧҪɽҪһĴؿӣ
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ѽӷ֪ˣڻδ֮ǰѾ֪ˣһУľǻɵĺ£治֪ڵ˻ãûҪ
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1630 ľ¥
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ǲɵһЦתͷһ۳ǽ֮ϵĳӷ磬Ž֮˵ĻѾҪκεĻɸˣǵ۶˵ˣȴܿ϶ǲɹģΪˣȻ˵ºսͲǰǳӷȶ֣ΪǵĻὫӷóӷȶ֣ҲоԵİսӷɱ
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1631 ¥
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ӷһղһƣȥһûУ֮࣬ҲûһǿΪʲôϣͻȻ䱬ǿ
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1632 ɱ
УΪߣʥƷľ磬ǸĶΪͱȽϵˣǸĶһֱҪǿķԳ˵ҲǸǧ
ΪʥƷΪǾԲĶ֣һսǶؾֻסԼȴûаڳκȥԸΪǶһۣ̽ʵĻھؾ֣Ҳ»
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ԼСһ㣬һΪʥƷ
ǵΪ𣿲ߣҲ˶٣˵Ǵ򲻹ˣҲδؾܴȻѾѧĲ֮սǿҲĵ
ǰһǣûзؾֳҲӦ֮ˡ
ڣվ£ȴ֮⡣
ǵòû´ĻλС㣬ӦþС㣬ǰɣ
ӷ絽ڵģûȫ½Ҳˣͺñãǡ
Ȼ֪˭ԼҪҶ֣
ʱ̧ͷһ۳ǽ֮ϵĳӷ磬˵Ľ㣬ӣǲܴˡ
Ҳϻһѳֱָ֣
佣

ͻȻ磬ΪĽ⡣
ڽ֮ڣеĽȫǸסˣΪð㡣
Դһӷ綼һ¡
Դҵķ֮е񡣺Ķϵ̨ġ
صǽϵ˵ŵ꣬񽣣⡮佣½ģԴΪʮ·ʮ·ͬģΪ㹻Ļ˸صĻᶼûС񽣵ԴǴвŮģ֮ѧôԴȫˣû뵽СȻѧˣ
ڵǷĺܣٱǰҪõĶ࣬ҲֻǼ֪壬ֻʣһѪˡ磬ǽ֣ôȻҲǲʧģ
ӣ佣˵ҪԸǸǴ´ģǣСΪѽô˵ԷҲǸʥƷǿߣһ
ģֻ뿴ԴʲôرġһҲûʲôرĵطǹ·Ƚ϶ˡֻҪΣգ
ڡ
ϳ֣ɱǸҪܵκ˺
ǡ
Ѿ˳ֵ׼ҪԸͦ׵ģϾΪ֮ϣǰѴӣҲ
ͣǵĹǵĽǵˮ¶Ľûκһ˿Ŀ϶ԣӱϿѾռƣҪɱҲֻʱˣȵֲ֧סľʱڡ
벻ǣҪһʮ·ĹһʱͻȻУһ⣬⣬ǰγһȻǵȫ˽ȥ
⡭ܣ
Ƕʱû·е̼ʧƵġ
һĻӷҲܷʲô£ʲô̵֡
еĴһӣҪȥʱϣУһ
һ£
ӷһס⣬ֱ˹ȥ
顭
⣬һ΢СıըըǸҲǶڴ˿ʧΡ
ǱϰףסŲֻоؿһľʹۡһѪ˳
ϰ
ӷ˷û뵽иղųֵһһʣһȻҳ֣ⲻ
Ͳȳӷ綯֣ȥгֵ˸һŮ˵ӣÿҶԼˡ
䣬ʧǴ⣬Ҳʧ
һղǱըһѪ֪ڴȥ·һ
ȻշǳȻ˳֡һҼˣպ󣬶ٱ㡣
ӷڲȥǸ֮ĴսܿҪʼˡǴɽļһʲô
ܣ°ɡ

ӷһ죬ͻȻһǿӷѹȥ
ͬʱڳӷΧһĻӰʮòĻӰӷΧȴңÿһӰڵλãͲúƵġ
ӷ絥һӣһǿҵĻ棬ֱӰЩӰȻһҲû㣬ĻӰȫӷ糯˹
ֻءɱ֣


1633 һײ
ԻӰóɱ֣ӰϾǻӰĳӷͲġ
һ⣬ͬĻ⣬ǿ֮䣬ͽɱָƽˡ
¡һӷΧðٿǱ˵ӷѾףղŮΪʲôͻȻˣ
ҽɱ
ӷһ£һһң˹ȥ
ڶԼǲ˵Լ̫ˣǵΪҲܵ󣬾ûһŮ˽ˣһ֣Խ
ɽģˮǺܿټġ
ʱߣȴģ
ܣֱϼҡ
һӴȥͬʱҲһ˹ȥ
·Ĺ·ˣڵ˵һҪϼȥˡ
ʱһǿǵضǶ
ǿǣ˵ֽĴ½ҲҲɴ˿ɼǺε
ס
һֻһ⣬ѾȫԵĹ޷κε˺
Ѿɱӣѵ뵱ҵ棬ɱҵӲɡ
Ӱ죬ʹĳڵˣȫ
ӷ̷Ž⿪
ǽ֮ϵˣȫõĳӷַȻ˽ľ룬һҲˣ˼ҽһһ仰ɱһƬˣɼߵǿһôĵز
ڳˡ
ӷ绯Ϊ⣬ʮ״ͬʱڳǽϵҲȫվ˳ӷ
ǰʮӰ֣ͷģһʮӣһɫĴۣɢߵϢһ֮ķ԰ʮ׵صһУֹ
⣬ȻȻСҪһ֮γĻΪҪ۷ľ磬Ϊ׾ͬһѽΪʲôһĳǿߣͿֳˣ
ԣ⣬ƣС˿Χһоֹѹס֮⣬ͬʱ˳һԨĸоֹֻܾһУֿ־У˵γɵģǽʲô֮ġ
ɲôϾǵѽӷ粻Ҵ⣬Ⱦ磬ǻҲ׽ɵģⳬǿߣĳǿߣֵ̫Ǯ
ûκȥϵˣʱϵˣڣҲûȥ
ӷ˫ۣϴ˺ܾã˵ʵڴӷϻĶ֣Լò񷶦Ҳܾ˰ˣĽǳӷҪģҲûҪھͿս
óӷ벻ǣ󣬾ȻһԼˡ

ûǵһϴˣû뵽ôͱУҲ˵ڵ۶Ǳߣҵһϯ֮λ
ڽ
治ҪģԼҵŶԶ֣ҲѾȻ˵˵ʲô
û뵽ѽʱĵ幫ӣڣȻΪĶӡǵаĶӣĶӣԵ³ֻ·һ
㡭
ҪСɫҲֵΪڶ֣Ӳ뿴ҵĶӣֳʧݡ
ǣס
ͬһ㣬ͬڣһ
˵ǽ죬ǵһμɣ
ѾǵڶˣɱҵʱǾʽˣΪֻҪǷҵȥÿһˣԴҡ
Ŷ˼ˣ˼ϣ㲻ʧ
ģҲʧΪõجΡŶԣ㲻ӵУҲûǸʸ֮ҾͻȥǼ
£֣֮㻹ʧˡ
㲻ĻڣͿԶˡ
ӷ˵ڶ֣ǶԼĲΣԼս˺ˡ
ҪģҲһʱȻ͵ս飬û֮ǰҲᶯ֡ҵĶӣ͵ҵ档ˣϲģǱ˳ҵӳˣȻҪ۵ġ
Ǳ˸ģԼġȻЩûһģѵһǣҲûʲôԡ
ң֪Ե˭ô
Ȼ֪㲻Ǵ½˵е֮𡣿ô֮ӣǴػߣ˵أͬһǴ½ͳߣȴĶӣڱ㣬Ҹӣͬһģ㻹Ľһ岮ʲôİɡ

ļӣȫŭˣȴһҲŭ
򣬿ӣ죬ӦñʵҪǿ١ҲûʲôˣȻҶӣҾһ˰ɡ
һ⣬ǡ
ã
˵־ͳֻ֣ҪԳӷ֣ǾͲڴԼ͡
ӷȥֹ֮£ֻǽѪԪȫͷ˳
Ѫ⣬ǸȫΧסˣ¡һһ
û뵽ӷȻԵԼһңӷͷųԼǰδġ
ʲô
ûɣ¶㲻ᶮġ
ãǳáȻ㵲һǽ֮£ʹաߡ
˵˵߾ߡҳǵʲôطˣǣɷĶΡ
ǹӡ


1634 
Ǹոսãս飬ǽѽ֮˴ߣӷߵĻ˻ô˵Ҳӷ˵ǰ㣬ӣǱ˸ģ棬Լģѵӷ绹ԼԼ治ɣԣ첻Ǿ׵ȥ
ȻҪǾͱҪ֣һӷ绹ûҪռκαˣԼǣҲڽĶ̶һº󣬻һ˵첻ǲ뿪֣ͬʱԼӣҲҪһ½ǵ۶Ǿ¥ʲôģֻҪԼ֮ڣͱԼĹأûκˣ˵˵߾ߡ
ôΪô
ЦЦû˸оκεѹһֱӵЦΪ½˷ƶ֮⣬޵еĴˡ
ʮʮɷΪ֣֮ʱ֮䣬ǵΧȫγɡ
һ˴󷨣ͬһʱڳһӴޱȵľ󣬶ǱѹһСС󷨣ֻ󷨣ӵһֱ仯ѡ
Ǵ˵еؾ֣Ȼ
ʮ̫ȫֲΧʮλãûһңոռǵĵҲࡣ
Ķûôùˡ
ǵУĶˣǽξ㣬⼸ˣһȫһһεģǺ˾ƣΰ㣬Ƕʱֲ֮ʵξÿһ˵λѾˡ
ʮ̫ڵӣɵ΢΢Ծ˫ۿ֮Ķͬʱ˫Уһ⣬ֱӳĶ˹ȥ⣬ǳ˳ӷ֮⣬ûκһ˿ĵģٶ֮죬֪
ӷĶΣգһĶǱ³ǣӷڣǿѪ⣬ѪԪأ̼ӳӷߣӿĶǿӱԪأĶ
ĶоԼȻǿˣΧѪܹӳ߳һһʮ̫ӳξ֮У
ģԪأе˼ȻԹ˵ڣ˵֮Դ
벻ӷԪأȻĶ֮ԴԼģҲƽ
һֻţһ̤һѺֱۣĶȥ
ʱͬʱĶߣԶ˵ҪӲ
ӷнп࣬һǲ֪ߵغǵԼȥã
ȫ
û취ˣˣһһҪģԣǵ󷨸Ķ󷨸һƣǶ˵Ҳס
ӷ֮£Ѫʱǿʮʱ򱻳ӷ˳
顭
һţֱӽԸ˳ȥĶҲΪһŵĹϵеĺ٣һңһѪ˵ء
һ˵֧סؾ֣һѺۣڽĶƽ֮󣬾Ȼһת䣬ȥ
ӷĵʱ򻽳Χȫͬʱǵؾ֣ûбƣǱӷĵȫɽȥˡ
ӷһ֣ǱѪУؾ֣Ҳӵз˳ǵߡ
ʲôܳԣǳӷ練Ӧ죬ֵҪɵؾֵĻԺ󣬿ɾûؾֲˣ
оޱȵǿӵһһеɲʲô˶Եֵסģ
Ȼһʮ̫ȫξ˹ѹͬʱÿһˣΧѪˣ
˾СӣǼģңǸʱ壬
ףɱģ
ѣҲһη塣
ޱ䣬̫ˣӣԼҲҪˡ
ǿĳʮȫѪУ˿̣ѪУֻгӷˡ
ۿڳӷ󣬾ȻһΪֲĻ棬УĶħצҪ
ʲôа
а㻹ʲô֮ӣؼı仯ӵЩʲô㶼֪ҿƨ㡣
Ȼ˵ǾҼʶһ£ʲôر֮ɡ
ر֮ڡҪС
䣬УħͬʱСγһ֧Ӱ㣬һֿ־ӲĸоҲ֪ӷĵϸ֮ǰӲƴĻԿľԼ
򣬽ҷһպٽɡ
һ⣬϶ΪеȻѪ֮Уһȱڣ˳ȥ
ʮ̫ߡ
ԳѪ֣ҪõҲǼʮѵ飬ӷȻ׷ɱȥֻΪӶѣԼ׬ӣһθԼ棬ҪܣⲻǶʲô
ţս⣬ǡ
ͬĻ͸㡣սһɱ۶ˡ


1635 ׼չ
ӣû°ɣ
ǵкܶղŶûֵĻᣬȼ𣣬ÿһ˶лֵĻǳӷҲܽˡ
ӷֱ飬ʱһ仯ûУɱ¾ţκε˷
뿪ǰʱӷɫʼ԰
û£˶ȥԼɡǣһͬ塣
ûκһ˸˵ʲôӷڵıѿ֪᲻ͻȻŭҲͻȻɱóӷеֲڳӷ˵ӣҲܵİɣ򣬽컹ǳǣ죬ͻǳһƬˣ
ε飬˶֪ǵΣһʽʼһˣʮֱ̫ˣӷ绹޷һǧɱǽһôĶս
ȻΪǵһӣǾΪ飬ڳڣкܶ࣬ǽ֮Ͷģһʱˣ˻ô˵ǣЩˣܶɶ飬Ǹû֮ˡͬģЩܾסĵطһǱƣư£Ǿ㵽ʱܣ½ȴѾûЩ˵֮ˡ
ΪΨһҲǱҪ顣
ʱ䣬ûеôã˵£ԳӷԸ˵ǲΪ˵ģҪˣʲôʱ־ʲôʱ֣Ͳκȥָӡ
ڣոսĳӷ磬Ͻǽڵ˶гȥʲôشҪƵģЩˣû
ѾûһˣǸʳӷʲôʲô㣬ͻȻӷУһѪ˳
ۡ
ιôˣ
ӷһַֻȥǵѪһֻ֣Լؿڣ˵ôˣ
ˣ
㿴ӣѵûµ𡣡
Ѫ˵ĻӳӷӦòǺء
ϥʱӷɫת
һֱڿ֮⣬ӷûҲȥţڳ˵ɶϵڳӷһ˵ϣոսļ԰һӷ£ҪˣΣȫˣҪ
ɡ
ڳӷԼ̳˽ȥ
ӷԱߵϣɫȻתȴǴе԰ףлѪ˿Ĵڡ
Ǹ治ѽ㣬ᱻˣ
ҲǱ˵ģ
ʲôôᡭ
ѽǱˣǳӷôܻˣղţҲֻŸӷоѽ
ͱҪˣ˾˰ɣҲǺأ˵Ǹûɱ㡣
ȷǻɱ˳ӷ磬Ϊȳӷ߳ô࣬ҲɱˣΪӷĵ̫˵ϵĶ͡
ʲôȻԷӳǿе壬в񷶦ں涥ţǱˣ
ӷȥǣԼΪϹȥ˵Ǳ˵ģǾ͵ԼϹȥɣ
ιղ˵ʲôأʲôʲô
㣬Ҫôγɣ
ⲻǷϻȻҪǿߵһ𣬲γɣҪǧǿء
ãһܱȵĹǧǿ𣿡
⻰ʲô˼ѵ
Ҫһ˵ȥγһǲܣΪ۷徳磬ǵȿԵġΪ϶ĵ죬ȻγղţҾǱҵĽѪͨǿжסµҪѪˣ
һ£˵ѽΪһ֮һѽ䲻󣬵ҲԲǵȾԳġ뵱񽣣ټһĳǿߣ޷γһһˣôܰĵ
Ҫһ֮γһǿ˲ûУУҲһ֪ǵȴڣһǳۣһǽδǳԽ϶쾳ı̬ǿߣһ֮γģ߳ӷ֪иŮ洣δγɹҲ۷Ϊ˵޷γҪҪеУ治֪Ҫõʱ䣬ܽĵ
һ϶ļһȻɵγҲ̫˰ɣ
˼˵ʲôͨ쳹صıγܽ˵ģ
ΨһĽͣ򣬲֮Ĵսģ϶ǡ
Щ飬ҿɲ̫֪ȻԽʲôγҪԵУıҲѽ뵱ʱ԰ҳΪǿߣǼٵģȴƭˣ㣬Ӧð첻ɡ
γ˵Ŀסһҵȫľȴܱǿϣǰ첻ġ
첻ǲ͵Ѿһ𣡡
ӷ̾˿˵е飬ȫˡǺǻҪҡڿʼҪʼչأֱսʼ
ҪչأҵмõطԽܸ㡣
Ŷ˵˵
ӷǿֱӽ񷶦չصģ񷶦ڵӷԼ㲻ȥģҲ֪ᷢʲô仯ԻҸطչرȽϺáǴ½֮ԴҲԴԴϵģ㣬ӷͲõģ


1636 ǹ
еĹԱȫټȻӷҪչأǳ߾ûʱȥˣ㷢ٴ飬ǵĵزӷҲ֮ǰҪеһжá
ӣǳһе۶ǱߵļϸֻҪһߣ۶Ǳ߾һ֪ġ
ǲıģ³ӷǰŸߣ۶Ǳ߾ʹˣ
ȷڵĳĶĳûгӷλ͹Ļʲô˶ģǵ۶ˣ֪Ǹ¥ȫ
ѾˣڳģҿεˣѳǽǵҲġν˲ɣ˲ãôһƺãһôĳ̶ȣͿǵˡ
䣬֮⣬һ˽һǵǰˣȫһ
ӣǡ
ӷվߵǰ꣬Ȼӷ糤һӣһûУλߣʣǳơ
͹ӣҴкɡ
ոȥѽʲôʱðһˣҲ̫˵ɡ
λμ棬ա
ǰӷϴһᣬ˵㣬Ǵ
ûٵĳӷ磬Ǵðġ
һأˣ˱仯ԭӡ
ӷʮ˹ȣǲӦó˵ǰģȻһսѾ¶ˣǳӷҲûʲôñġȻʱ¶ģҲʹǼʮ˹еˣûȫ¶
Ϊɱ֣еʲôȻǰɱڰɱݹУźܶ༼ɣǱʲôģ֮һ⣬ˣ
ٰ֮ӷ磬ֻҪԳӷӣڳǣüϸ֪һоû̫ˡ
ӣ᲻ʲô⡣ϾĿǰλã֪ҪչصģҲǼ˲֪һߣٰ⣬Ǿ͵ǻˣеĵˣΪˣŻҸٰģʱǾ͸ӵ޼ɵˣ
Ķ˵ûһ⣬Ǿ͵ڸ½ֻҪӷ粻ڳǣǾʲôǣ˭Դ෴ģǳӷҪȥչأֱӸˣЩ˷ǲġ
ǣӷɲðգиٵģܱûеҪǿĶࡣ
Լ˵û⣿ĻֱӸңİ취
ӣȻʮ˸ֵܸʱ䲢ǺܾãҲԱߣеģֻҪǼһΣܼסһУһеϸڡţðκ˶ġ
ǾͺãֻҪ֤ҾͷˡǾ仰֮󣬳ǣͽˣҲȫԼʱ䣬û취ְǡ
ȻѾΪ˴½֮һǵӷһˣᱻģⷽеÿһˣҪжһ
ʵһΣҲǳӷڿǣʧˣûʲô˵ģʧֵĻ͵˵ǳӷ翴ˡ
빫ӷģһغóǳأġ
ܺáһͬʱҲǸ۶ʽսʱ򡣵Ǹʱ򣬲¥пܻǵ⣬ߴ۶Ǳߵ⣬ԣÿһˣһе׼ǵĵ˭Ҳǽ˭ˣͳͳѣҲռκεıˡ
ǣӡ
ǽһƤóӷ磬˵ӣͼ֮ǰҵŵͼ޸ĵġţ½Ѿŵͼ֮ˡҪļطҲѾǺˣֻҪ·߶ȥͿԵ
ӷӹǵĵͼ򿪿һ¡ȻǽȫµľǵͼķǳãҲǳϸԼ֮ǰţ˺ܶطʲôģȫǳ
ڵͼϣطԺɫķűǵģطǶǳԶҲ˵۶˵ΧΧǳԶͬƫƧС
طŴҶӦ֪ɣǾͶɡ
ǿһµͼʵȥط
ʱĻҵطȥһ¡ڵǣʱͲѡȥģֻһط
ǹȣعطʳ˴һǴ½Σ֮ءʳ˴аأаϢطȴ½֮ԴΪġ
˵ǹȣλڴ½Ҫͱ֮ͨ޾ĴɳĮǵطн޳ģ㹫޵Уȥû£ҪͨɳĮҲҪһʱ䣬ԣ֮ͨ󣬱Ҫ·Уͨعתǹȡ
⻰䣬ӷʱеˣ
˵Ҫȥǹȣͱ뾭عط
ǵġ
ǾֱӷǹȰɡ
ǹӣģڴ󣬸ͲڱչҲûطչصģڵعȻһƬ棬Ҳкܶ˴ڣܶԴߣѡǵطŵģҲڱչء
˵˵ȥֻǹˣ
ûǹȲ֮Դ棬ѨҲǳ࣬ͨ˴ڵĵط̫ƫԶû˻ѡǵطġ
ûȥǹȣȻǸĺõطΪʲôûȥ
˵һڵλ̫ңԶǣûҵĵǹȵڣ
ڣӦò⣬ҲҲҲ
ǹǾҪᴩعֱȥǹˣ
ֻѡһطģڵãҪѡõĵطͱҪȾطˣΪ˶ԸҲֻһˡ˵߾ߣĳʲô鷳¡ͽˡ
һ˵ͬӱأһغǵļ԰ġ


1637 ͬǹ
ӷǰŸߣ߾ͳˣ
ЩͶǵļһҲ֪ĵõϢ˵ӷѾ֪ˣµ۶ˣԼĳѰǲòȫΧ֮⡣
˵͹ӻڳڣǾ͹ӳһɡ
ĶڻͷʹǸļϸٶҲδ̫˵ɣô죬֪ӷǵϢѵ˵ڸղŵЩУмϸ𣿲ѽղŸԼһģȫǳӷϵõˣʶӷģǣԣȻԼøûѽЩУǲܴڼϸġ
һֱ룬Ϣôй©ģĻΣϾҪˡ
磬ӣǱ뾡һа취ϸҳ
˵ͷվȫߣӣȻѡʱ˹
ι˵Ҹ浽ǹȱչȥѽ
һʣˣȫĶ
ղŲ˵͹ӻڳΪʲôżȴ˵͹ӵǹȥˣ
ǹǸʲôطڳ˶֪˵½ûв֪ǹȵģΪǵطǴ½֮ԴΪ֮أͬʱΪ֮ءȻ˵أء
ӣں˵ʲôŭ
û˵ѽֲ˵ģǸҵģ
ʲô
Աߵȫһǰץסӵ·ʵ㣬Ϣй©ȥİɣ
ϢʲôϢҸȥչأֲʲôܣҾ͸ղھƵȾƵʱ˵˼ѡ

˰죬ԭļϸӣӷǵϢȥġ
㡭
С㣬ⲻȫӣ˵εĻ󡣡
Ķһ˵һ䡣
ң
ȻˡˣǵϢӦþǼ֪ģܸˡȴϢӣѵǵһʶôģѵ֪֪ǣǸֱӸ߳ڵļϸʲô𡣡
ȷӣĲã㣬һǻ׬ǮڶʹʲôǱסģҲΪʲôʱӷûݸӵԭ
ǸŮˣȻҲ֪һôˣȻֱӸģ
ӣʣһСģ˵ˣ
˵죿
òϣСǴһɽһɽߣرЩ֮࣬еСļһӣ֣Լ׳ˣֵܹ˭
ϸ֪ǣԼ˸й©ȥġС㣬ӣ£͵ȹӻٸ˰ɡ
СãҪ׼ˣϢܿͻᴫЩ֪Ӳڳġ
磬ڳⲼ󷨣ܵٵ٣ܵõáȥǹȱչأҲ̫õģһ¾ֻܻҪסһµĽӦòʲô⡣
ţѾڳⲼ˴󣬾ǧ״ġ
С㣬ϴˣķȫΧһ첻ͣأһ춯˭ɴɱɷŹ
ãȥ졣
ӣ£Ҵż壬Ҳٸҵʲô鷳³
ԩѽ˵ѽ
㻹ûһء͹ڳڣǾ͡
˭ҡ
ͻȻӷˣӦ˵Ǵˡ
˼ӷ磬һȫû˭˵һ仰ˡ
ʱ˵ߣֻҪû¶ʱǲдġ
ڳӷ磬˿Ѿǰ֮ˣжȥһĿĵأ
۶塣
ڿڣʮ̫ȫվԱߡ

һηվǰ˵ףҴˡ
ûΣķǳá
û֣ǿ佱ˣеơ
ѽԸʲôʱˣɻģΥΣս飬˵֮սģȻǷųȥĻͲջأӲ;κȥƳǵġ
ԣһȥģҪԳ֣˵ӦòŶԣ㲻ҲҪʮ̫֮
ףҡ
ö˵ˣΣţ㲻ȥǽһ治֪;Ȼ˵ֶΡȫµԪأǷ棬ǸôĴڡУǸŮˣһ͵ˣɶԷΪʲôҪʲôĿģ
ףǱ߸ոմϢ˵ͿѾˡ
ܣ
ûڳǶڴԣѾǰǹȣбչء˼ͳڳǣϢǶ֪Ǽ١
ΪգοǷųļϢ
ϢΪʲôҪ͵еĵˣȥ𣡡
ȫţȻһйŴ򹷣ֻЩɵϲŻϵߣͼȻҪչأǾոǹǵطҲȥģԣһȥһǹȣߵ飬ʮˣһߣĲãһҪǺÿ
ǣס
û뵽ųӷѾ뿫˳ǣɺϵǣԼȻҲȥǹȣ£ɸЦˣӷˣаٷ֮ʮŵĻᣬǹ棡


1638 
ӷǵһǴ½ˣҲѵ÷һеİתһתͬʱ½ķ羰ʲôģȻǴ½з羰ԵĻ
Ѿʮʱˣڣӷ綼δɼǵľжԶ
ɫУֻǿ⣬Ӳͬķ򣬳ͬһȥ֮䣬Ϊʵ̫ԶĹϵûзֱ˴ˡ
ѪһƬ֮ϣͣѪɢȥںϿյģȻǳӷ硣
ǳ󣬹ռǣҪһ¿ͬһ澵Ӱ㣬һǳ峺峺ܿˡ
νˮ㣬峺ĺУȻպ෴Ϻʲôģǳ࣬ںУڵ
ӷ粻ɵĸпһԼҲЩϺһٶݣݵʱڣҲķǳİɡ
Ѱռҡ
ʫе˼˶ףֻǻڵһͨͥУӷѾѧҵˣһּ򵥵Ĺߵ𴲣˵ϰ࣬ʮ˯ʱ̸̸ʲôģԵʱͽӣȻǸŮȥȥһ̣벻һ֮УʲôǿԼζģΪ򵥵
ţӷͷ·Լռ䣬˿ʼƮȻգҲһһεģϣȴҸЦݣǸոһУһķٶʮ֮죬쵽֮䣬Ѿһ
һѵʱҪʵģӷȻһԻһ˿Ѫ⣬ŭֱͷ
ηԻң
һĵΪʲôͻȻ֮ԺгΪһ鹹ʵأԳӷľ£ǾԲܷġ
һĵӷ緢ȻҲвԾĵطԼ⣬ôһֹ֮³ӷ翪ʼ˼롣
עȫĺΧĺ֮⣬ʲôûУɼƬ⡣
ٶȳȥӷ˺İߣͬʱӷİ֮أһȺ˴ڡ
ˣÿһˣΪˣһͨˣһΪҲԣǵУǰĺϣмֻС
Щ񣡡
Χ񲢲֣ô㣬ɼֻҪΧǣƶƬΪİɡ
һЩͨˣܴڸղѽԼԻסˣǣȴһҲûУһڰץ㡣
ѵЩز©ǿߣǵĻʲôԼģ
ȻûãǾʵһɡ
ðѾǵץ˺ܴܶ࣬㣬̵ó׳ȥա
ҼӰѾεջһСһüǮġ
˶Ѿ¸ѹˣ
е㣬Ǻܴ󣬾һȫ㣬ҲӦðѳ̵ȫʹȥѽ
ֻǸ֮ڣȻǺģɲһɢĺ⣬ǹߵ䣬Ƭ֮ϣЩ۳ַγɵһֹ⣬ȻЩ㣬ȫǺɫģַǳ޵Ĵɫ
ͳͳͣ
ӷͻȻԱߣһɳɢ󣬽һ㣬ѾеȫڵأҲѾˣбץס㣬ȫ˺С
ѽ˭ѽ
ֻǵأӷҲûҪ˺ǣֻ뿴ǵǲǿߡ
ǰһĻ֤ЩֻͨˣʲôǿߣҲûκεȥء
£ӷˣԼڵı֣ѹͨʲô͹ӣǴ½ѹͨ˵Ļ˸Ц
ιСӣǲëѽ
ŭˣҲѹ֣ԼôõŬۿд󹦸ˣȴ·ɱҧвŭ֮
СӣʲôˣȻǵ⣬Ҹƴˡ
ᣬֻһᡭ
һѾӷ˹ӷȻǲֵܸģֻҪ
ӷٶ֮죬ھǴ½ˣֻ֣һͨˣһԴߣ
һ˵ԴߣǲͨôģдӣԣͨˣҲ̫ԴߣϾԴߵͨˣϰСɱһͨˣֻỵԴߵ
СӣԼΪ۸ЩǰɡǸû꣬ҵţͽ˹ԴߣҲ뿪

ӷһ㶣ʵ˵
ٸװ⣬ҵš
һƬôһ
ӷˣ˵ĻǴ½ˣҲ̫Ц˰ѣôܽһ˵һƬأٴ󣬸Ҳ̫Сѽ


1639 
˵½֮ԴΪĵط֮һ𣬵ӷƬڣҲûо֮ԴطʲôѽƬ֮ԴҪСࡣ
ѵڲԼ𣿵ҲѽȻƬΪģƬǵʳĸͬʱҲǵһֽԼĺõطʣ˭ȥĨڣֻȥ
ڳӷ벻ͨʱͻȻһȺϰٺˣӷڵİ˹ÿһ˵ðӣɨѣȫһЩͨеĹߣûκһ˷֮ĶӷҲûиоκһ˿
СӣһŬ׷ˡҿΧˡ
ϰٺˣٶȣӷΧӷڴ˿̣͸о˵ֳǹܱΧĻ棬еС
λǧҪղֻһˣ
᣿㺦ǰæһ죬ھȻ˵ᡣˣΪԼ˲𣬰Щͨ˵ϣǵļ԰Щ˵˵߾ߣʱģûüֵʱ򣬶޲һҺҸ㣬ȻͨˣΪΪǵļ԰ǵˣǲµġ
ȷΪԼļ԰ԼˣˣԼһУԼڡ
˵ĻУһ㣬ӷо֡
ʲôʱûüֵʱ¿Һ
ѵ˵𣿰ող˵ط֮ԴѾıСԲŻûüֵˣ
ԭ˵ӷĿĵǹȣֻ·ˣ﷢ʲô£ӷ޹ءӷȴ֪Ǵ½ϣ˵һط֮ԴͻȻСˣǾ˵طһǷʲô䣡
λҽ͡ұֻ·˵صģУȴһֺԻסˣΪʲô֮ģԲ鿴һ£û뵽ôҲ˵ᣡ
ٸһס˵ɣ£ô
ôѱһŬˣǳ˲֮⣬ʲô
Ǯô
ǿ϶Ҫģ٣˵㡣
һ׷ͷ˰ʮͷŸҪˡ
ӷЦһ˵λ˼ң˵ûô⳥Ȼ˵ġڵǣҳ̫ûʲôǮϣǮҲֻһٵģ˵һٶءҿɣдһ͸ǣǿǧǣҪ⳥
ӷɲǸСˣȻСĻе̫ˡΣӷ绹ûʲôǮǴ½ֲǵ磬пʲôģѵӷ绹żװ˽ȥǹȲɡ
ʵԳӷһ˵˵ǳǣȥʲôطҵһԴߣӷͽӷʲôطֵͣǮˣΪӷ̫ࡣ
Щһ֣ǰһǿһ󱦱Ƶġ
ǡǵˣͷʵӣӦЩе䣬˵ǶͬһĻͷ;Ǵ峤֮ˡ
ûǳǵˣֻҪȥǣܵõ⳥ˡ
ʱҲ֪˭Ⱥкһ䣺͡
ۡ
Ⱥкܶˣû
ͣţľǴ½жôԴ߻ͨˣ˭֪ġ
ӷҲһ㶣ɣЩͨˣʶԼ
ϴˣһϴˣҸͣûʲôϵ
һˡ½֪ǣֻͿˣˣȫǳ˵ǳǵˣǾһͣҪǼðġ
仰ӷŭѽ
ļһһʲôԼǶãû뵽Ϣôʹ½Щͨˣ֪ˣ
ϴˡðɣҳϣҲǳǵˣϣҲȷû̫Ǯƣ˵¸ôɡ
峤ҿ˰ɣҲһѡѾˣ⳥ǣŴ棬׬ǮȻ뿪طҪȵе㶼ˣǸʱǿɾʲôûˡ
һڴ峤Աѵ
峤ɽӣ˵˵ҲûǲǿֻҪ⿪֮ԴͻǰһǿģҲǰһġ
ǣɳȥ˵ģڶûϢ治֪˻᲻
ЩĻӷеƣʲô磿ʲôģ
һ£Ǹղ˵ʲô磿
峤ųӷ磬͵һת˿̣ɱڳˣҪӦĿ졣
СӣһԴǵǣҲ⳥ˡ
ѽԼҪ˾ǰΪʲôֱһأ
Сӣ㿴ܲܰ⿪磬Ļղŵ飬Ǿ͵û
⿪磿
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһ˵˼ңûʲô磬ҽʲôѽ
ȷطûн磬ѵӷῴн磬ԼҲûô׾ͽѽ
ӣǲԸˣߣͰﲻǣҲԣ˵ΪһߣﲻҲģѽһжѽСӣ߰ɣҲΪˡ
Щ˸ղŻװͰ͵ģڣŶܿӡ
Ѿܶ
ɱ˶ˣᵹùΣΪԼ°ɡ
ӷǰȥʵ˼ңʲôѵĻֱӸ˵Ұ˵ģһġ
˰ɣǰﲻǵġ
˵䲻Ĵ󻰣ҶﲻǵĻǷ½û˰ˡȻĵЩǿߣǾ͵ʲôҲû˵
ܰǣ
Ȼ˵ܰһܰ㣬ҪǫˣΪ֮һ̫ˣżˣҲһܣ


1640 
ǵ룬סĵط
Լ֮һС壬ȫ˿ڲ࣬ղѾȫˣŮ٣һ
壬û֣˵ģ壬ҲΪģͽ֡
ССǰȴһȺܼ֮أΪܶԴߣѡģϾǹȸع˵Ҫõĺܡ
ɾǰʱ䣬һ֮ϣʱΧ֮ԴͱСˣʱ䲢֮ҲѾʧһ룬ЩԴ߶ʧû˭ȥ⵽׷ʲô£Ȼ֮ԴѾˣЩԴߣͲòתعȥ֮ǰûЩɫãмȽϺõԴߣǣ֪Ϊʲôһ磬Ż֮Դ߾ۼģֻҪ⿪ָܻӡǺΪ˽⿪ʲô磬ͽ˵ȥѰΪǿԴߣֻҪܽ⿪ǻǿԸǰһȥ෴ģ޷⿪ĻٻκǵҲͻ
һʱ䣬ȥԴߵˣһϢûУ⵼ΪһϣѾˣ֮Դȫʧ֮ǰе㣬õȥһطȥӡ
죬мĺ֣ò״˴㣬û뵽ӷһ㣬һͰæˣʣô᲻ŭһ㣬ҲȫһĿѽ
֮󣬳ӷһ仰Ҳû˵վĴڣǰԶڵ֮Դʼӷ粢ûз֣κνĴڣ
Сӣܰǽ⿪Ļмģһƣǵﶼ֪ǵĴˡ
ڼҪˣӷΨһϣӷˣ벻ԴߣԼЩˣҪ԰طȥˡ
Ĵ½Ƿ죬֪뿪ܻܲҵһסĵط
Щ뿪Դߣ˵ΪĹϵŻᵼ֮Դ߾ۼ𣿡
ӷʵ
峤شǵģǵȷ˵
нĻȷǿ֮Դ߾ۼģǣڲ֮Դۼе֮ԴҲǱɣʧ֪һָĽ磬ֻ紫һϢܽԭеϢɵġ
Сӣܲ˵ֱһ㣬ʲô˼
Ҳ˵ǽĻֻᵲס֮Դۼ֮ԴʧģǧԴΪûиʮʱ䣬Ҳܽе֮Դȫյ֮ûн硣
ûн磿Ϊʲôᡭ
ȲҪû´ĻΪǸղ˵ǵĹϵ
ӷһ£⣿ӣк鷢ˡ
峤˵ǰʱ⣬ʲôʱܸ׼ȷʱ䣬ҾжϳȷĴ𰸡
峤ߵһ˵ھųˣ͵ʱǸʱΣ½ˣǵĺġ˵ʱһ֮ɱ˺üǿء
ӷЦһ˵Щص㣬صǣȷʱ䣬ңǵ⣬ǲǴеĺ֮ģ
ûǺ֮ģ˺óһʱ䣬֮֮Դжˡ
ӷҲǵĺʱΧԼʱǾͳ춯⣬Ӻ֮û뵽ط
ѵ֮Ƭ֮
ûпںʱûʲô֮У
ûаɣں֮е㣬ȫ˺ɫġ
˺ɫ
ûе㣬иֲͬɫģ֮ȫ˺ɫ⣬ڣҲܳˣֻڰϴ̡
ܳʲô˼
ǲܳѽǵĴֻͣڰߣһ˴ĻǴͻȥԼҪλ
ӷϸһ£Ǻ֮ǵĹϵƬʲô仯ˣŲġ
֮ǰֵ˵ֻǳȳ֣Ż֣Ҳ˵֮еĻǺˣ֮ڡ
һԴ߶û𣿡
ûУеԴ߶ˣǶΪΪŻģȻ֮ԴѾʧˣҲûʲôá
ѽⲻϷѽ˲֣ǺҲӦòֵģɺ⣬ַеѽ
ӷ翴һڳˣʵȫˣˣ
峤˵ǵģȫˡ
峤ѽĶӲء
Сȥˣ
֪ѽѾûˡСӣԴ󣬾ͱҶǴܣϴαҽѵһ٣ڶûӰ
峤̾˿˵ССӣСǸƢǰССˣһ治֪ʲô
峤˵һ˲ӷʵ˵СǲԴߣ
ȻˣǴ壬ûԴߡСǴһ
ںܶԴ˵ϲԼģ뵱ںӾʮ𣬵ͷӷ绹Ķ֮̽¡
ܲҵ
ѣ˵˶Ѿˡ
ͣ
ѾʮˣҪĻҲѣΪС͸Щ˲һ
Ŷʲôһģ
Сһͷͷǵճʱȫ˶ء
ͷ֮ǣ
ӣǸСпܾǺ֮ˣǵĻǺ֮аٷ֮ʮĻᣬˣ


1641 췢
壬ǲ֮ܽµģҲ֮ǷкڣҪȥ鿴һ֪ġ
ӷȫˣٴİߣ֮ϣΧ֮ԴӷյʱҪС࣬ڳӷųʶȥо֮Դʧԭ󣬵óһۣһ𰸡
֮Դŵġ
һȫ˶˷˵֮ԴŵģҲ˵лᣬָǰǸˣһ֮Դĵط
ӷĻôʧˡ
֮ԴǱյġ
գ
ǿ֮ԴȻô̵ʱھͱյĲˣҲ̫˰ɣ
Сӣ˵֮ԴǱյģûʲôط֮Դѽ˵䲻Ļ¾ǳǿߣô̵ʱڣƬ֮Դɣ֮Դ߾ۼ
ȷ峤˵һ㶼û˭ô̵ʱ֮Դӷ粻Уˣ͸Ӳˣ
㲻飬Ҳ첻ҪյĻ½֮Դյ񷶦ܰ쵽һ㣡
峤˵ûˣȻôǿ֮ԴգҲͱըˡ֮⣬ڵǿյġ
˼˵֮ԴǱʲôյģ
ӷҲֱͣӷȫ˵ǰɵλá
ǿӳӷڱѪʢƬ
ǿѽ˽ˣûĸԴӵǿСӣͨѽ
峤䣬¡һһǿǵصѹȥȴĺγɣȻѿûгˮ֮Уһˮûг
ըǿĲһΧһУᱻ
ӷӰһû޵ĻӰ˷ʱ֮䣬ͽȫ赲
ص˰ߣеĴٿӷѾη壬ÿһˣˣûκˣǸҿӷġ
ѽøղûжԳӷôôĶ֪
ӷҲ֪ЩʲôЦҲ£ղţֻ֤ҿѡŴҲˣҸղŵҪƬըɶпܵģںϣȻˮ˿Ķ֤⺣ףһǴʲôǿĶҵֵ
ӷֻߴͲʲô磬֮Դʧ߾ۼΪںףʲô֮Դյˣͬʱ֮Դۼ߶ѣ
ڲȥɳӷĻȴ϶ӷܰԼص
ѽǿѽǿߣһҪѽǵĻһ·ûѽǵļ԰ǲˣҵģƲ죬ˣᱻɱġ
ңЩͨµģƽϣġ
ӷŴĻôͻȻһأôңԼһɵģ
£ᶨģ´֮ǰһǰҵ
ӷ̾˿Ҫ⣬ͱҪ뺣ףҳԴڣ˼ӲԼ޷ƽ⣬ʣԼ뺣أ
ʱ򣬲֪˭峤쿴Уˣ
ʲô
ˣ
ʲôЦ
ӷ޷뺣Уôܻˡ
תۿȥȻں룬һǡӾ
ӷ˶һ£˵ҵѪԪض޷ƽ⺣ϵӲȻںӾ峤ˣǲ˵ģС
ղǲ˵ǸСͲʮ꣬췢ӷĺӾ֮ˣպһ꣬һͷĺ췢ܵģںвͣȥڶ㡭ڶ壬ڡ档
Ǻ췢һģһֻȫɫӣеǺ࣡
췢ֱӴӺͬʱǺɫĺ࣬˺췢£췢ֱվ˺౳Ԧź࣬ںϲͣģٵĴš
尡ҳ尡
췢кһ֦Ҳǽ֦һֱָǰ·ǰӵǧƵģһλͳԪ˧ָţԼĴɱ
ССһ
峤ɤӣǺ췢ֵ꣬ɳ۳ڡս֮ϡ
ӷú֣Լղǹ޷⺣棬Ǻ췢Ȼںһȴһ¶ûУѵղţں׵ģڲų֣
˵췢ղںףҲ˵ֻǱ뺣У鿴׵飬ںףʲôǲкڣ


1642 ɱ٣ɱ
·Ǳ˵Ȼ˿ȥǲԵ̫˵㡣
Сһ췢꣬ʮ꣬ܶ෽涼ͬһģϲ棬ģȴһֳĶ
Ԧźɫĺֳ࣬һ֦λµģͺѰһսϵĿа㡣
ӷǺ췢ţĳ嶯һѪĳ嶯ȴû˿ǻۿԣֲԵģҲǳ¶˵ġ
ӷһֵܣͬ嶯Ҫ˲ȣ˿Ű裬ȭͷӣȴǴޣҪˣ󣬶ˣˣǻƴţ
ƴţ췢꣬Ե۶ˣ
ӷаٷ֮ʮİգеĺ췢꣬Ǻ֮ˣΪȷǰٷ֮ʮӷҲֱ̫࣬Ӿͷ϶ȥ
췢մӺףԦźɫͻȻǰѪһֻһˣ˺֮ϡ

췢һµĺɫ࣬ͬһƥ㣬ӣһ
ʲôˣ
ɫ˺󣬺췢վںɫ֮ϣŷںϵĳӷ硣
ӷϸź췢꣬ȵʱһ仰Ҳû˵ųһ˿ʶʶ֮䣬˺췢壬Դ̽췢ꡣ
ֵǣں췢ڣȻһһ֮ԴҲûУóӷеˣǺ֮ˣͲͨѽ
һ룬뵱ʱ¶ҲһͨŻ֮ǵĹâȫʱͬһּӳ֣¶ǿ
ѵ췢¶һ
ӷǰĿ췢꣡
һİˣһͻȻԼǰİˣǸԷɵԴߣͨ˵̬˵һǺ£ͣˣܡ
ɺ췢Ǹղ˺һξ룬ӷĿһ㶯ûˡ
˵ʲôˣ
췢Ȼеָ֦ųӷ磬еĲ֦һѽĻһֱӴӷġ
ӷûжԺ췢ô˸ֵ⡣
Сӣһѽһ֧ӵĻʲô
ֵú췢סˡ
ʲô˼
һѽһ֧ӣǲпѽʵĪ
췢겢ûӷ磬ֱӻشȻɱඡ
⣬ںܶ˵Ὣ췢һɵϣн֣о֣һҪģӦǱļ԰˲Ŷ԰ɣģֱӾ˵ɱˣ
ӷ粻ɵĴЦһ뵱Ϻʱ򣬸ոڲõʱ򣬳ʳӷϵĳȥʲôӷĻشֻнֶѡȥɱˡ
ȥɱˣһ֧ȥɱˣֻɱĶٰˡ
ĳЩ췢ʱĳӷ磬е񡭡Ӧ˵Ƿǳ
С
ô֪ҵ֣㵽ʲôˣ
ңǣ͡
ӷûԼݣҲûҪء
ڵˣĸ֣һӦʲôԾη壬ǡ־塣
ɺ췢겢û˿ĺ£һںӣ˵ͣǸ˵е͹ӣ
ȷ½Ӧû˸ðҵŰɡ
ȷ˭ðͣˣȲ˵ð䲻ģҪȥð䣬ҲҪȵһ£ӷЩˣǷӦˣӦˣǾ·һ
㲻ң
ˣΪʲôҪ㡣ǿߣͨˣҪɱҵĻͶˣضûСȻ˵Ǿ˵ûɱҡ
ûӣԣСղŸӷĸоǸûӵСƨ˵Ļ˵ǸûӵС
ܺãشҺ⡣С磬Ƚװɣ
С˵Ұºףȥûʲô֮Դǰɣ
֪
Ȼ֪ˣ֪ˡ㵱Щɵѽ֪﷢ʲôºòá
ңףʲô
һѽһ֧ӣҾ͸㡣
ѽ
СӣȻѳӷղŵĻˡ
һѽһ֧ӣȥ
ɱʲôˣ
ܶ࣬Ȱͳͳɱ⡣
˵ʲôǣ𡣡
ɱҵĸס
ʲô
ҸزǽǮǸ¹򣬿ûһҵģҸײˣԣǶɱҸ׵֡
ԭСԸӦǱȽƫˣͰȫ˶ɱˣѹһһںȥ
˵ʱ򣬳ӷ˵ʱ򣬳ӷҲԥ
£ֻСºףҲֻ֪ʲôӷ粻ӦĻǻ벻취ˣ
ҪɱǣҪһ֧ӡֻҪҰҪ飬Ҿܴɱǵ
˵ģ
͹ӣƭСƨ𣿡
ã㣬ȥǶΪ֮ǰҲû̫оǣҲСƨɱˣֻҪӦɱ١


1643 ŭ
ɱ٣ɱ١
ǣȲ˵ԴߣЩνǿߣһͨ˵ǣУҲһɡ
ǰĳӷ磬Ե͵£ڵ͵гɳĳӷ磬ѾҪǰǰĵ͵ˡСһ㶼͵Ǻܸߵûκʱ¾˸ߵˣһ£һСΪǿߣΪ˳ǿߣ·ߵһôĵز
λ˵ҪԼʵǿͬʱҪȥЩǱ֮ˣȲǷѣֻҪΪ֮ãˡߣѣǶҪԼȥգȥյġ
Сһֵȥ֮ˣƣţſдͷ֮⣬Ҫһ㣬С
ͣõʱѽ˵ӷҲ࣬ʮ궼ûУӷ粢ܱ֤ڽᷢʲô¡ԽδԼЩӷ綼ȥ֤ԣԽδ֮ǰӷΪԼô㣬ΪԼңô㡣
̳ˣӷҪһ̳ˣһʱļ̳ˣΪӷûʱ䣬ԼδŮɼ̳ˣҪʮʮʱ䣡˵ˣھǴ½ûһŮˣǳӷģֻ̣ѣĽ飬ǳӷ⣬ǳŮˣ
СͲں⺣ϵĽһǱˮֱӾǱ˺ף£û˿η壬ٵĹϵɣͲ£ںκεΣգ
ӣҵУܿ죬Ҫһ֮⣬Ϊǿˣ
СǱ뺣֮󣬳ӷ绹ǰһʱ俴µСԽǱԽˮȻ˱仯ģΪ˺ɫ
ͬʱеĺ֮ǣҲѾǿҵĺ⣬⣬ֱӳ
ӷԱһ㿪䣬⣬ֱСǱ֮ء
ҹȻûв´СǺ֮ˡκ䣬ǿʱٴѪԪأһʱ䣬СӣΪһ쵱
ӷڿСպǰ;ҲѾ޷ӺϿСˣ׷ʲô£ӷ͹ܲˣʵҲܣΣ͵ǶСĳɣ֮£ն֮Դ⣬ܸ
ʱУͻȻ׹֣׹⣬ȫ߾ۼ˹׹ھۼϿʱȻ֮䣬һƣƬסˡ
ǵصֱѹӷ磬ǿѹס
ȻһѪ⣬ӳӷڱѪϣеһɫģѪںϽȥ֮󣬱һַǳ֣ǳ죬˵Ƿǳɫ
ʲôˣҹ
ӷ֮Уһ򣬻򣬳жȥ
¡¡
ɫϵУ˾޴ıըʱ֮䣬ɢӷֻռһɫӰɢĵط
ƮȻɫӰԵĹ֮⣬ֱһɼΪǿΧסɫһ㱣ƵģӷĻ޷˿˺
顭
絶ɫֱӷ硣
ӷһ⻷⻷գ֮䣬γһ档
С滤塣
ɫӷС赲ԭ͵С棬ųӷΪսҲӵǿֱӾ͵סǿһ
˵һôľ磬Ҳڶʱ֮ڿɳӷȴĺܣ
϶졭죡

ɣһǿߣΪҲ׾üͬһ
ǲ½ϣ³ֵĳǿ֮⣬ʲôǿߴڣ
ӷ벻ͨҲ벻ףˣʲô·

Ӱһʩչӷֱӳ˵ǰ֮ء
˵ȫΪɫĹϵӷʱòԿ϶ǣһˡ
ʲôˣ
ͣ
˵ʲô
ʣͣ
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ҲǴ˵еĴػˣ
˵
ܺá֮ң֮ǼҲ

ӷһЦ飬һģ
ǾҪûˡ
ͣòϣȷǿʥ磬ɱôϾ硣û֮ǰɱģʲôЩǿģҲǱ֮ĵڶ죡ѵΪ϶쾳磬ÿһ֮䣬ʥô𣿡
ǵڶػǵ죬ֻҪңҾ͸ɱ㡣
ãǳãǴػߣ˵ǣ֮䣬ҲҲˡͣûʱģ첻֮ĻǱԱ֤޻ᣬԿˡ
ӣҲǱߵġ
ûûκιϵȴǸͬһ
ͬһ
ӷһʵ㣬ҲǷƶϵˣ
Ӧ˵ǷƶϵĵӣͬʱҲǷƶϵĵӡˣ㻹֪\ɷǷƶϵĵӡ
˵ʲô
³ӷ糹׾סˡ
ھɷȻǷƶϵͽܣǰˣҲǷƶϵͽܣǣͬˣ
ˣ
һͬţȻͳĸ϶ĳǿߣĻò˻ˣ
ƶϵҰģ治һĴѽһ¾ĸǿߣ£ĸɣ
ûһʮɷھֻ˵һ⼸ˣҲǵһθ򽻵
Ҳмˣ¥ǲǷƶϽģ
ǵģھֻǾ¥һ¥Ϊ¥ܴ¥ҲûǸʸȥ¥
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ңһǷ¥ԸˣҲͱ¥ΪˣƶΪС죬㣬һʶʱߵĿǰɣ
֮飬ھܵģҪĶҪȻһҲ̫ںϾҲ֪ʲôá
ں㻹ҪҲ˵Ƿƶȡˣ
ĻҲͲ˵ˣ뿴ɱھҲɱˣԱҲкôȻҪ뱾ԣǾûȥھˡ
ӷЦһҵĽ£ɱ֮
ӣһҪˣҲǺʸ֪šˣ˾¥¥ŭġ


1644 ֮
¥ŭԳӷʥƷԴߣһҲҴ⣬Ͼӷʥ磬ɱĴڣһһɱǿߣǺھӳӷ磬ʣŭɵѳӷ統С￴
ڵʱ˳ǿϹ⣬ΧŭĵԼٶȣӷӿ
ӷͬʱڵȫǱΪŭ̫ԶԶʮ𣬵ΪȫµѪԪأŭĸӷĵϸ
Ϲ⣬ѪʱںϳһƬȻںϣֻǴӱ濴ģʵϣӷŭĵײһģŭĵΪ˵Գӷľ磬Ӧ֮佫ӷɱ˵ǳӷˣŭĵĻᶼûСڣѪȻԸϹײֹâ֮ڣ˺ģƬ
ڰϵһĻһŵɫ࣬˳ӷŭĻδ֮ǰһжԶܶԶûκˣȥǱ뺣׵С
ˣԿ־ʱǵϵϵʶľܵԶԶˣĻȥк˵ҲԵһɣֻҪԽһڵˣͻ㣬ǺˣͿʼ׷νˣ
֮ϣѾ𣬵ٴҲһκϴӺ
еĺ֮ĺѾ𽥵󣬽ƬȫסˣҲΪˣŽӷŭѹȥĺϲٲƬָƾ裬֮ϣγһ㱣Ƶģӷŭ֮ϣ޷·һκ˺
֮ϾҪˣ
ŭʱӷӲӲǵһνӴӷɣڳӷһУ˽⣬Կ϶һǣӷϣޱǿıƾʲôһɱǿߣ
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ʱ򣬺ˮʱϣΧĺˮλƬɱԭһ㶯ûУ·ǳĺˮҪλƬССĺ㡣
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ͣҲûеǰϵĺˮôҲʼηˣ
ҲǾ¥һ¥϶ĳǿߡɾ㣬ͬĺˮ֮ǵη壬ɼǿߣˮҲѽ
ϻ˵֮ѾˣҪõͿ˭ı´ˡ
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ֻģһƬڹ⣬Ӻ׻
ӷŭȫǧ֮ߣ֪ڹʲô
źڹ棬ӷŭĶķ֣ǣȻһ޴ʯͷһƬ޴ĺڽʯǺµһʯͷѾ֮ǵ˳˺档
֮
ŭ˫ķǳںڽʯϣһ۵ĺ⣬ǺΪԲεģ֮ĺ⣬͸Ǻһ
ӷ˫۳ΧһɨǺ֮ڣһ֮ˣǣСأǺ֮ˣ˵֮ˣҲӦóΧŶѽڣأѵںף
ȻǺʧͬʱںڽʯԱߣСͻȻƵģ
ͣڣͿ˭ֿˡ
ŭĻ⣬ֱӾͳȥҪڵһʱ䣬ᵽ
Ŵһ壬֪Ǵ½Ϲ飬ҲӦþǰ׾˵ģ½ʼ֮ذɣӷڶѾõˣİѾǰŭƴһѣӷҲƱضõģ
һ룬һһпΪĸҪһ㣿ȴҲǼӵʶǼƷˣһ˲ţȫͬˣҲڲõĽСΪӷֵһĴ󽫣ɱ
뵽㣬ӷֱӾͷ˸ŭһķֱӳС˹ȥСӣص㡣


1645 ׼
ӷѾõڵİѺ֮ˣ˵ӷǻƴһȥõģȻܵõõѣǾһ֪ʲôõģŭĽһֶΣԼòӷҲõԣƽٶȣг˺ǰȴϡ
ӷʩչٶȣŭ֮£ֵǣӷ粢ûгǱߣһתֱӳС˹ȥ
ŭıʣӷ絽ʲôɼȻӷĿ겻ŭҲȥˣֻҪõ֣ӷȲϾҪ³ӷ磬ȥԸھŭҲ֪ӷȷʵ
ɲʲôˣ£Ҫȥһͨɣͺ˷ѽˡ
ŭ͵һת˫ֱۣǻںڽʯϵСţӷûҪѽѾõİѣǹؼڣͬһ˵õİǾ䵽˵УõİģҲǴͷѽ
ѵ
ŭ̫ˣΪͲں֮ڣӷתСҲ˵Ӧɵϡ
ͣƱ
ŭĽȫȻΧϵĺˮһΧɼŭ֮ǿ󣬵һôĳ̶ȣҲ˵ڣҪΪǿֶΣӳӷС
ڣȥˣ˵һŮΪ˵ģ˵ĹȥҪģȻһʮɣ̫˵ȥˡ
ӷȻһдһѾǲͯƧѽ㶼Ҫˣ
ŭģӣ㻹Ǹëļһ
ͣĵǺ⣬ͲǺ֮Сϣĺ֮
ں˵ʲôȾˣ㵹ãȻҲҪ𣿺ãȻ˸ôȤͳͳˡ
ӷȥ㲻ҪǾȫ㡣
ŭ벻ӷȻôһףһӣ
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ǶôǿǿߣڣУھУŭУǿĳԽ϶쾳ĽδҲУ
ӷʲôˣվһԣһҲЦôˣˣȫ߰ɡߣƬˣҲġ
㶼ûѵ˵
Ǽٵģ
ģȻġ
ⲻܣģôܻı֣ѵҪ𣿡
縡ƣҪáҪȫ͸ɡ
ʱ䣬ӷ罫֮ѣ֮ɣ֮Ӳȫ˳
Χ˳ӷŭĽ컹ǵһμ˫ķǳȥԼ۾ӷȻ˵Ҫȫ͸Լ
⣬һ⡣
ͣ㵽ʲô
ҵȻǡ
ӷ绰δ䣬ͻȻк֮ĺ⣬ԭѾȥĺ⣬Ȼһǿң֮ѣ֮ɸ֮ӲҲͬʱɢֹâ
ǺУһޱǿİȻ˹
ȻͲǼٵģŭҲɵӣһĻ̾ͷӦ˹
ͣԭڲ̴ˣ죬Ҫİȫᵽ֣ˣҲҪɱ

û뵽֮䣬Ȼ
鷳ˣŭĶһֶΣɱ˵ġ
ӷ̴СҪֻҪסˣʲô˵Ͼ֮ˣȫԼߣҲԼΪʱŭĶ˹ԼҲа취ġ
ǣͲȳӷκεķӦİĹȻȫ˳ӷߣİȫӷ߿
Сȫɢ˺⣬ͷɫͷԵĸӵǿҡ
һĺɫǳ˷ۼСЩǳǰٶȣ嵽Сؿڡ
ӷŭĶǴ󾪲ԣǡСľۼ
СھۼС棡ۼСͬʱ⣬ͻȻֻһѺɫĳì˳ӷŭǰ
ŭĵ֮ˡ
Ŵ֮һ֮ѾˣȻӷ߿Ϊ֮Ĺɣܿ죬֮ͳ˳ӷǰγ˶ĸͬķ
ӷʱ򣬲ϸ֮ףȫΪɫһֺɫˮͶɵģìͷǳ󣬱ìҪìϣһĺۼ·Ǿ׵Ϯܱģ
֧ìĹ˹Ĵȫ˳ӷϣСڵĺ⣬֮ĺΪһ壬ǿĺ⣬Ҳһ䣬˳ӷϡ
ʱ֮䣬ӷֻоԼڵڴȵΧ֮Դȫۼ˵ʲôĻ罫֮Դˣڣ磬Ѿ⿪е֮Դȫڳӷһ֮
ŭĿųӷͷ£ͬʱһȦȦ²ͣƶţΧųӷƶô֡
СӣȻҪʱʥƷ
˵ŭĳԾӷԼҲ벻ģ
ʱ䣬ƽʻǿѽոʥƷãڣҪʥƷˣһɹ϶쾳磬ֽһ
ǣʱʥƷʱΣշǳҪƷһŭڳ񲻱ƷʱҪ


1646 ʥƷ
ѪԪصĹϵڵĳӷһͬҪ౶ȫµԪأҲ˶ϸŭȻҲ֮һ
ΧǳϵĺˮҲΪӷ缴˵ټĴȫɢķƬֻʣһɫĵˣɫϸֲͬɫĹâӷâ֮ڣ磬ͬη壬˻ʼ
ŭȥ϶ĳǿߣڸܵӷȫԪ֮󣬶еȫ飬ͷ·֮Уɱ
ܣ⵽һôԪزڹҲںڰġ
ŭ֪óӷǿȥʱ˺¥¥Լ¥Ҳᱻģ¥һֵܵסӷֽɫ
Ϊֹ㵽Ͼ磬ΪϵвӣҲˡ죬ͽ
ŭҪʩչΪǿԴɱӷ硣
ɳӷڲڵǿڵͬǿһ𣬾ͬһ㣬оʲô˶ԼвͻԶչġ
ǿӳӷΧŭĳ˹ȥ
ŭĵֳһɫ׹⣬ɫ׹⽫˶סˣƾӷôǿ󣬶޷ȥͻ
ӷ绹ǱѵģоԼڸڵǿͬʱӷ֪ԼɵķΧ֮ͻγɷɵЧָоӷ֮ǰѾܹˣʱĲ񷶦Ҳ
ӣǲһԽȫģ취ȴһһһ
˿̣Ψв񷶦ܰӷ硣
üĴ֣񷶦һţ˳ӷͷ
ʲô
ŭľȻӷ翪񷶦˲֮ţ֮ţ˳ӷ֮⣬ǿģû뵽ŭľȻˡ
ܲģŭĵ󣬵ҪͻڸԼߣԼвǻҪʱģӷʱ֮ڣʥƷ򣬾Σˣ
ɳӷ벻񷶦֮󣬲ûԼڸһޱǿ֮Դ֮Դֱӹ˳ӷڡ

ӷһԼκ̫ˣΪò񷶦һˣ񷶦Ѿ˱仯ڵĲ񷶦ǰĲ񷶦ٻе㲻ͬģԣڵĲ񷶦޷ȥճ֮ԴˣֻὫȡȫӷڡ
ӷͬʱʱ䲻֪Ǻá
Ӳţ
ǿԼ˲Ź֣İ취ʱѾˣ
ʱ򣬲֮ԶرգɹӷڵѾĳӷѪɼﵽһôĳ̶ȡ
֮Ÿһأڳӷ֡
һƬѪɫĹâסƬķΧŭ˫۷ųӷֵһĻȥԼ۾
ʲôã
֮УĶھħĴ֮£ȫ˳ǲûгŭģȫۼ˳ӷΧڱųӷƵġ
ֲĽŭʼëŭδţż
һ㶯ŭģΨһľǵȣͬʱҲڹ۲죬۲ǸЩħֻҪҵһ֮ĶŻһչ
ڳӷ˵ֻҪŭĲԼһвڵǣԼôǿȫ
ΧľħŲͬ͵Ķȫ˳ӷϷӷڸҲƵģȻһһҲϵĽħڣЩͬ㣬Χ˾ħΧһҲ
ӷΪԾû뵽еľħȻܳԼֵһֵ˵յ࣬һ붼ԼܸоʱԽչȥջɻԼڵһ󲿷Ҳѽ
ʱССѾȫΣҽڣΪһ塣
С۾ǰһĻʱˣסˣɫҲʼ԰ڣС־ǳߣӦҲǳ죬֮䣬һԾ˳ӷǰʵʲô£
СԼ֪ղһԾľ룬Ѿһͨܰ쵽ˣԳӷڵŭĶ޷СȻ׵ӷǰ˵ʲô
к֮ڳԼģ㣬ӷԿ϶ʱİ׾ãǸ¶ԼȻ鶼һӷѾ϶ֻҪ֮ˣԼкܴİ
СӣЩûУϰеĺ⣬ȫڣ
˰ɣûң⵽ôأЩʲôʲô
ûʱ˵ô࣡ѵûоѾǸͨڣѾγС棬ѾǸԴˣЩ⣬ֻҪ㽫ЩȫյΪ֮䣬ʥģ
ֻҪСȫգȷֱӵʥ硣ڳӷ˵ʵ̫ˣԼʥƷûҪôǿȥķ֮һʥƷ
˵ģѾԴˣ
СţʱȻһȭһ˹ȥ
һһȭֱһĶħһ㶯ûУСĶȻʧͬһʱ䣬ˣԭλϡ
ô£Ƕôֻˣ
ǻصѾǸͨˡϽ˵ʧʧΣͲ֪Ҫ꣬ˣ


1647 ս
Сûһԥ˵һͨ˶ԣֳ棬֮£ֻҪϸһ룬κεǿȥԼİɣ
ò˵ĳӷ磬ߵʲôطǿ֮ΧΪߣƾ־˵ĵƣҲڲ֮ء
Ҫɱӷ磬ǰܣھ͸Ӳˣ
С˺֮ڣƾ䣬üͷҲգһ£磬ȫΪɫҲӷ˵ٵĽСڣʹĴ֮еĺ֮ɢ˿
ϲ񷶦չ֮ԴӷѾ׽Ľ׶Ρ
Ȧڳӷͷ²ͣƶţӷ罫еȫۼΪһ㣬һ㣬ĳɢ
ѪҲ·ڴ˿ȫѣϳӷǿ֮Դͳͳ˳ӷС档
ڵʱ򣬳ӷСе򲢲࣬ĿǰλãҲһɵʥƷʱ֮е磬ϵΧ˳ӷͬʱڳӷСУ֮䣬ʮСеС򣬶ʱʼУСڣγһССϵ
ϵγɣͬһȲⷽĴС٣Էӳǰǿһ
˷ĺˮȫֹͣϳ壬Ҳ½Ǳ̶˰㡣
СڵӷͬһʱʥһƷʥƷֱʥƷֹͣ
֮ˣǿߣĿ²죬ֻΪ˸ӷĴڣͨˣ¶СģΪ֮󲻵λϡ
оѾͨȻͬˣ̥Ƶġ
СԼ˫֣⣬ɢΪոճɾ͵Ϊʱ֮ڣǾ޷ȥƵģ뾭ȥպԼӵеǰĳӷ磬Ҳˡ
ŭųӷȴ޷ȥֹֻվԭأһҲ
ųӷڵǿһαŭʱĽв
ʥƷСӣĿ졣ʥƷƷʱڶϵİ֮£ҹʱ򣬿̶֮ھ͸㶨ˣһ׻ǲˣ
ӷˣˣֻǲݰˣŭ˵ȴڣѾǴ½ϾˣڳӷǰСƵġ
ʥ粻ܴĹ磬仰ӳӷɱǼʼѾΪ˹ȥʽ񣬳ӷΪٴһ磬һΣ֮䣬˵϶ڶˣǵ죬ŵͬɱǵ죬˵֮£Ҳ֮һս
սɡˣӦս֮·ʼǿߵĵ·Ǵ½ֱӾô𣬰ٶƲһ룬꣬Ҳڼ֮󣬳ӷͿԳΪǿߣ϶쾳硣
㲻ģ
ŭĴ֣Ϲ֡
ӷȫѪ⣬ѾȫջڡСҲѾֹͣպ⡣
Сذȥ
Ϊʲô
ģͱʡ
ҲҲ֪һǸʲôõҪɱˣҰ㡣
ӷҲСϻһӣǿĳֱӽС˵˰ߣС壬һҲˣ
϶죬죬һ°ɡ
ͣҲ̫˰ɡã죬ҲͲֵĻˣֱϼҡ
֮ǰӦÿ԰ĵڣҵΪѾʥƷľ磬˭˭ϼңҲ˵ء
ҪʥƷɱһ϶ĳǿߣǾԲܵģҲɱЩģƣܲɣ
ӷҲ֪׵һôĵزֻҪŭ³ŹغϣǰǹȣϵĻӦûʱ͸аˣ
Ȼӷ벻ǣԼǹǸĺõطͬʱҲˣŲҪȵսǹȣӷҪˣ
ŭĴһĹܳӷʲôǰѴǿҵɫ׵磬δ֣ɫ׵ȶͬδƵģӷһ
ӷо֮ǰŭɢҪǿ౶ѵǵղЩֻŭĶѣˣҪǿ󣬱Ͼǿһ֮γģҲȲǲǽʲô٣ǰŭ޷γɣ


1648 һж
һ϶ĳǿߣܽĻǶڳӷɾĻԵˣʮ֮һڳӷ綼ŷǳİ
ڵǣҪŭĸɵҪУ򣬵޷ģ
ӷҪΪԸŭģǲ̫ܵģԷˣǵеľħҲ̫ܽ¾ħǿ󣬱Ͼǵ죬ڶ֮
˿̣Ȳ˵ӷܷŭĸŭĶԳӷ磬Ѿ˾ԵɱģӲóӷȥԸھڳӷΪδﵽϾ֮ǰھԺԼ취ȥԸ
ף
ŭһ£ֻ󣬳һµߣ߾ͺһ˰㣬ʱڹģȫɢϹ⣬ŭĵΪһġ
ǿǵضӷ类ǿѹĻҲߵŭûκιϵ
Ӱһʱ֮䣬ŭĵߡ
ŭһָԼ״ĳӷ磬ӷڻѹסŭĺҪ
û˵ֻǵ˵ͷˣһɫ⣬һߣڷɢʮ⣬ȫӷ˹ȥ
ͬ⣬Яȫڳӷ֮ϣһǿ˲ٱ
ӷ˴󾪲ԣŭ϶ĳǿߣû뵽ֻһǿߡ
죡
ûոճֵߣȻһ϶ĳǿߣû뵽ŭĵֵ£Ҳгǿߣ£ֵ£ǿҲٰɡ
ľǴ½⵽ʲôطѽ֮ǰ˵ûǿߣڣǿ߾˲ֵǮðһĳӷʥƷľ磬еԱˣ
ոľ磬ڵһսоܰɣӷԲ鷢ġ
ѪԪأɳӷȫϸոΪӷǰҪǿü
񽣡
󳬼ǿߣǱ֮ǰų˴ԼʱΣյһսӷ⣬֮Уһǿ֮Դ֮£֮ԴΧŵʮɫճ嵽ӷǰʱг֮ԴȫƽˣߣƯ˳ӷʮ֮
Ϊе磬ѵû𡣡
֣ӷ޽߾٣󺰵ն
񽣴һǿҵĵȻнԼģԼһҪĶ
ΪЩǿߺ˲ǿĵǰͳͳΪ
ӷһϲΪ߸մгԼһʽɱзȥֵܵסҲض˵ġ
ɳӷû뵽ǣһȥٶ֮죬֮ǿ߲ûȥֵȻԱ绹Ҫٶȣ㿪˳ӷһ
˵ӷ⽣ǿ죬׼ݣκ˶ģһǵģʥʿʥ϶죬Ҳˣߣ㿪ˡ
ӷ㿪ӷĹʱȻһԱȸղŻҪٵٶȣ˳ӷ
ӷֻоʼ飬ǿɱԼ亹ˣ
쵰
ʲôѽٶȣԼ̾ѽ
顭
һػ˳ӷıӷ磬һ޴ʯͷ㣬׹ȥǾǺ࣬ûкˮĺףҳһ󶴡
ϵСӷܣԷԶһģĶʱѪӲԸոջõ˳ӷѹֱӳŭĸ߳˹ȥ
һʲô¡ָҴ򡣡
Сӣǲ֪ߵغѽǿߣȸոջСӦģ֮ˣҲѽ
תͷһŭģڵȴŭĵָʾ㣡
ŭĿС˵СӸղܴӺ֮ǵĹâһͨˣ̼ӵС棬Դߣ壬вɸ˵ܡףСӴȥͣˡ
ߵͷҪ֣СڳһƣƸһڳͻȻ棬һѪϡ
ӷ粻һƣСǰˣһܵûС
£ｻˡ
ιвѽǿŶ
ûͲеġ
ͣô˲Ǻðɣҿ˵е͹ӣǿһôĳ̶ȡ
СȻ˺󣬳ӷŭĸǿߣһ죬һ죬Ȼôţ˵ʲô˵ӷѾ뵽ԶԵķˣ


1649 ɵǿ
Сվһԣųӷôһ֮ǿߡ
ǿ֮սСûмһξ򶨣ɼӷûпˣӣسɴ
ŭĸߣҲ˵ŭĵūţԳӷʱڵȫɢģһϵ죬һ죬ִڼһųǾ¥Լ֮⣬½Ӧ޵еĴˡ
ɽɽ˲ųľǴ½Ѿˣǿ߲ϵĺճһҲ𽥳֣ھ¥˵Ѿ˷ǳв
ŭ俴ھǼ¥˳ۣΪ˹ȫ֣ʲôʲôǺġ
ӷ粻ǿȥˣȳӷΪҲ϶ľ磬ʥɱǿߵʵ˵ʱƶвġ
죬ƱҪɱӷ磬ɱҡ֮УֻҪӷһŭھ¥ĵλƻһģԸ˵֮ӵƽƽ
ŭѾλãŭΪǰΪ󣬳ӷԶ˵ļ֣ڵѾȫʱ׼񷶦޷Ƕ˵ֵռ˿ˣǿԱġ
ǿޱȵǵأ֮ǰ̶ĺˮѾĻԭȫ˽ķΧ֮ڡ
Σȶ˰ɡ
ӷֳֵ񽣣һȥʩչģնν
ǿĽŭĲɴЦֽһӣѾӷһƽˡ
ͣҲ̫˰ɡССҲ뱾Կóʵɣɱӵʵ
⣬ʵ
ӷҲҵʵһôļ𣬾磬бҪ֪𣬷죬ŭҲù
顭
ŭƽӷһʱһ߷ȥǸطպþĴ֮ӷ֮ѣ֮ɣ֮Ӳûջڣ֮ͣĲŹ
ŭĽӷһƽ⣬γһѪ򣬸֮ײһ
һײɫĳìɫĶƣɫĹɫߣĿУٵת
ֵڶû˵ߣڿˡ
¥ںϣ
ںϣİҪΪһ壬İںһ
ĴУѾ˳ӷΪ˵֮ʱںϵĻǺ֮ҲһϳӷΪͲҪӷȥ顣
ŭ᲻֪Ҫʲôڣɱӷ磬ȶҪҲ˵ֻҪɱ˳ӷ磬ͻˣ˭ܵһ˭Ĵˡ
ֻҪһģû뵽ڿͬʱõİͣ죬ɡ
ŭĲٷϻ˫ָ߸߾ٹͷһɫĵͷٵγɣΧе֮Դȫŭ߿ɫĵڣɫĵ򣬱ޱȾ޴
Ԫ֮Ψá
γɣŭߵߣסȥ
ӷ벻ŭһȻҲɵ֮Դԣ֮ԴģһֺرԴģǿ֮Դһһƾͬһĳǿߣδصֵסɡ
ӷ粻˿⣬ŭѾʩչɱﵣӣԼҲòˡ
ޱߣħ֡
ѪٴɳӷγɣħѾĴ֮ʧٴδӵг˳Сŭġ
εаֻ·һ
޾ͷšŴħǧһǿߡա
Ԫɱħͳͳ𡭡ơ
¡¡
ӷгľħĶŭɫײһ˾춯صĲ
ŭļֱɵˣɫ򣬾ȻħַɵˣǺҲڷָһһڵģɫĵԽǵĶ
δŭܲסû뵽ԼΪǿԴڳӷĵǰȻһǵеĶħԵˡ
ŭĸղžۼޱȵǿ㣬ӷоԣħɺ󣬵֮УȻγһ΢Сɫ֮ȻǺܴʮ֮һѣһԳӷİҲʮִġ
ȻΪҪģڣǡ
ã
ŭȻӦֻħĶһתûгŭԼǳ߳˹ȥ
Ŀ꣬ף
ҲѾ֪ӷʲôˣȫԾħѾֵסˣο֮С
ף
ˣһжѾ̫ˡ
ҪӷĹǲ⣬ħСڳӷǶڵеĴڣҲ˵ڲ񷶦ĴڣħǺԪģڵľħһԪ񣬱ˣѪӤںϵģԪҲ˵ӷڵУʮħֻǿڵΪɣħδ֣Ҳ˵ǻδΡ
ǾħֻҪǿɿ˭޷ֵġ
ֻħͬϣ߸סˣСҲȫһӵϣʹһҲˡ
ա
ųӷһ£ħֱӽߣץ˵СҲžħء
ӷЦһ˵ŭģлĳǿˡһ϶ĳǿߣɱһҪǿĶ࣬ĳǿߣΪˡ
˵ʲô
ŭĵڻ֪ӷĿģɵ߱ץ˹
һѪɫ棬Ѿȼߵȫˣ֮У߷ʹĲҽӷУһɫĹâɫĹâֱ̽ԼĿС
ͣ쵰ȻҳԱˣ
ˣôǰûǽ죬ʶһ£ʲôԴˡ


1650 ·ξ
ףŭֵµͷս֮һҲ¥һһĳǿߣϾ¥¥ͬ½˰׾á顢ξ֮⣬˵֮ǰĳǿߣȫۼ˺¥¥ھ¥еΪӴģ¥ĳǿߣͱȽˡ
¥߸¥ֻ࣬ΪǴ˵е֮ӣ֮ԴģܵĴȻͺõĶ࣬ҲǷƶصĶ󣬸ĸ˺ôҲ¥Ҫ࣡
Ϊ˳Ϊ¥ļ̳ˣƶϵļ̳ˣŭģھ⼸¥¥뽫֮죬£ԼǰҲû˰ĵһӷ磬ŭȻӷ֮ȥˡ
ŭļʶ˳ӷĿº֪ǽӷ֣ǽӷҪֲڷƶϣܵвġ
Ϊ˽вҡ֮ڣΪ˴룬ŭľ죬ͽӷɱ
ŭû뵽ǣӷȻֲȵҲ֪ĻһȻԼֵµͷս֮һɵˣ
ˣӷ罫һ˸ˣڵףѾ仯Ϊһ˿ڳӷĵ֮Уʮ֮һҲ˵Ǳӷˣ
ŭĻǵһμǰҲδţδ¾ǷƶϣҲ첻ɣ˵ֶΣòŭֵĳǿ߶η塣
ѹֿʥ磬ɱǿˣԭӷ̵ģģ˼ĵ
ŭ֪ԼǽɵģܾԼˣӷ󣬿ȴܽ߳౶ĳǿ߸ɵҲ̫˰ɣ
֮ͣ»û棬һ죬Ὣɱҵġ
ȻתŭҪˣҲܲʲôˣһӷĵץȥǿɾ鷳ˡ
ӷЦһҪߣҲµ㶫

ͻȻУһֻ޴צŭĳ˹ȥֻצɾħγɵģһֻѪɫצֱӾץסŭĵ塣
ã
ŭĽ⣬Լµùˣ̫ˣǱӷĵץסˣɳӷһץǽŭĸץһĳǿߺץϾԼѾʥƷľˣҲܸõõĳǿߣҪץͲǼ׵ˡ
ӷһץֻŭһֵѪҺˣԼҪԸԼԣԸ˵ĻͲ˵˵߾ôˣ
ŭֻǰһ԰ڵѪҺʱ֮ʧȥһ룡
Ļ쵰
ж̶̻ʱ䣬ŭĵһһεģϵΪһˣ
ҵץܣҲܡһ֮ڣû취鷳˰ɡ
֣֮ǳӷողŴӵһֶΣֶѪ֮ˣҲҪСֱŭΪһѪ֪ˣһ֮ץȫѪҺȫɣһʬ
СղһĻʹסˣٴ󣬳ӷĵˣѪ֣ˣЩ˵е֮ڶţ͸οǸոճΪԴߵˡ
ƬѾָԭӣĴҲѾ˳ӷǰ
Ĺĺ֮ѾϳӷΪĴͬʱӷڡ
ŴѾõİˣʣѣ֪ʲôʱ֣
Ŵ޷ȥѰҵģóֵʱȻ֣ҪǿǾǵı任ɡ
̧ͷȥֻǾǰĺɫѾ΢ĺڹ⣬ͬʱǴӴ½ȥĺɫʯͷҲٴο˺ǡ
ǺǣһôĴڣǿǵʯͷǴʲôطȥģΪʲôܸоǺǸʯͷһʮϤĸо
̾˿ȥЩңԶ飬Ƚǰ鴦ðɡ
ǰҪʲôŬԼΪȥһ죬Ҫ񷶦֮ģһеһУʲôδʲô֮ģͳͳǸˣ
Сӣʲô㣿
ҪСΪԼãԼļ̳ˣⲢǳӷ絥һ뷨СԸĻҲûá
㣿Ҹʲô㣿
ӷЦһ˵Ҹղſ֮ϳأҲǸֵĽɫǰûС壬ʲôˡͬˣѾԴˣ֮ʥƷľ磬˵Ⱦ磬Ѿڴ½ȥһˡ
Ұ㣿
ڵ㣬ûʸңҳǣһ˳ɱ㡣
ʲô˼
ʲô˼Ҫ˼ˡȻڻСһĵĻһ㣬ܰﵽҵģȴڡ
ȥ½
Լô
ǣ½Ӵ֮һҲѾڣ֮ˡڵĴ½µĵ۶ˣɾŷɣҲ˵µľų򣬾¥ħ壬壬Ϊʮ֪ʮҪһģҪһԷʮӮ𣿡
֪ģҲѽ
Щ£½֪ĺòá
Ȼ֪ǾͿԼľˡԸҵĻȣȥԼ½֮ҾͲ˵ˣǿ֮࣬Ҳʲô·Լɡ
Ҫȥʲôط
ǹȡ
ңȥ۶ǡ
ŶΪʲôҪȥ۶ǣ
Ϊĵˣν֪֪ˣսҾȥ㿴۶ǱߵǿһôĵزɣҲǻһ飬ҳΪԴߵ顣
СֻҪˣҪԼġ²ӷҪǳãһʱ̵ļѪ˵СǻļѪֻΪᣬ͵ļѪᱻĥĻǴӣͲǳӷҪˣ
СҲϻ˵ȫˣɱⲻΪҸױͬʱҲй¶٣ղ顣ŸղǼһҲԼԼӣµȥ˵ġ͹ӣǾʹ˸ϣöãǾܼ档
˵꣬СǱ߷ȥһĹ壬Ѿð̻ȫˣɱ壬һѻչˡ
ӷ翴һϣȥɣŬȥɣ㣬ǾǴ½ǿߣΪǿ֮һ
еСͷһ·ĳӷ磬ļţ˵·ξУǴ½Ϊ𡣡


1651 ع֮磬֮
һۣóӷõ˵İ֮ͬʱΪҲʥƷľ磬֪ľ¥֪ô򵥡
ھ¥ľ飬ӷĿǰ޷ȥ˽⣬ֻ֪Լ֮ǰ֪ľ¥Եľ¥Ǳɽһǰˡľ¥оŴ¥ÿһ¥ھǱߵأͬʱ¥ˣǴеķƶϣ
˵ƶϣϹ֮󣬾Ǵ½ΪǿĴڣǧǰǵΪѾ϶ڰľ磬û۷壬ҲѾĲԶˡ
¥ĴڣΪ˶Ըػߣʵʲô򵥣ҲǷƶѾ֪ػ߽ΪǴ½Ϊǿ߰ɣ׼ֻҪػһ֣ͽֻҪ˴ػߣǷƶϣǾǴ½ϵĶˡ
񣬴ػ߳ˣɷƶϲûֹǱǵĴ˵ǵ񻰣µĵܳ˵ʲô
µĵӣϵΪǷƶҪɱػߣ׾ٵڲ֣ɴػ߲ϵ׳ȥԭֻһǾǣƶڱչأͻƵڰĹؿ۷徳硣
۷ľ磬ӷģŮ洣۷徳磬ǿһôĳ̶ȣӷǳ˵ӷҪڷƶϳ֮ǰԼΪϾ磬ֻܸ۷徳ĳǿƥУ
󣬽ǵعˣӷҪعܵǹȣĵع˵ԴΪЩԴߣΪ֮Ĺϵʧһʱ䣬ЩԴȫ뿪ǰĵطֻеعˡ
ڵعᷢʲô£ӷ粻ö֪ӷ粻ǺӾްҹûԤ֪δԿ϶һǣȻôԴ߾ۼعǵϣһвٺöɣ˵ڵعõٺôء
һ·УյͼָķУӷûʱȥ飬Ҫ絽ǹȣΪ
Ǵ½ֻа򣬵ȴΪ飬УųͬһϣҲ⣬ħ嵥һϣְ˵عڵİ飬Ǵ½СģͬʱҲΪϵģ˵ĹϣֻǱϹʱڵֵΰˣУͰǹڣ
ЩķУھǴ½ӷѾ˽Ĳˣڵϣ˽һ˽⡣
ھǴ½Уħڵû취ϾħǴ½ģռݵȻҲģָΧΪľǴ½ΧѾγȫµĲ֡
ӷ˵عڵĴ½󣬷֣УǵϣһЩС͵ĺУӵųǧħޣ㲻׾ӵӴΪʲôЩȴ޷ͳǴ½ǳӷĻ£½Ѿճˡ
Ȼвų¥ı㣬°׾˶꣬оǣƶǱߣҲħȥͳ½ģ֮ǰƶҪ½ƽ⣬ڴػ֮߳ǰƽ⣬ػһ֣Ͳ׵Ŀס½ˣ
ԽǰУ֮ԴԽǿ󣬳ӷоǰԶǵعĽˣֻҪͨعǽǹȵĵؽ磬ϾӷĿĵǹȣԽһڳӷ˵ǹȵĵؽ֮ڡ
Ⱥڳӷǰʵ棬Ѿ˲ٵˣеɽϣеƽԭˮģЩȫԴߣԼͬķʽڽΪ
ӷ粢ûпνĵعʲôطѽ֮Դ˵عӦþˡ
ৡ
⣬ӳӷ߻⣬ȫԴߣΪӷֹͣ·еĹϵһѾ˳ӷ磬ûнӷ統һ£ԭܼ򵥣ǽӷ磬ͨԴˡ
ãٶȣĵһ֮ԴϾҪˣΣһҪһ֮Դ֣ٱ˸ˣ
һ֮Դ
֮Դѵз
ֻУӽ֮һǿޱȵ֮Դʱ˵ع֮ϡ
֮䣬ڵعԴߣһӵߵɽȥһͺҪʲô㣬Ըٶȸϵߵɽ塣
ӷȥֻɽϳ֮⣬ʲôûУһƽɽ壬ɽ֮µұڴ޴֡塱
ۣ֮ѾۼǧԴߣŮҲ٣໥֮䶼Է˳ֺۣɱ֮𣬶֮ް㣬ҧг֮࣬ÿһˣԵȫɢɢΪսΪ˹κˣΪʲô׼Ƶģͬһ㣬һǹ죬ȫͬһյιȥ
ѽˣٶѽһܳٵˡ
ӷһӷµ꣬ٶȳȥٶȣڳӷ翴Ѿ˶Ҫ࣬ɼΪ׵ĿѽƲ嵽Ʒľ磬˵عΪ׵ˣ
ӷһѽץסˣɲȳӷ˵һͰ͵˵磬ͷСһɣⶼѾһˣÿһζСһģ챻ЦˣСܹȥɣ
궼޳ˣĳӷ練ǲ˼
ҿ쿴ǲС𣬽һġ
СӾȻһǿ֮ԴƾΪǰһǧ֮ڸϵĻӱΪȫ
죬꣬죬ð֣ȴѽ
ӷҡͷߣˣٲˬҲûáãȴûԱȲϵʲô˵Ѿһˣһ֮Уһģ֤оĲ񣬲Ŀģݵġ
ᣬҲֹġȥҰһѰɡ
䣬ֻоǰһԼһˣѾվ磬Ⱥ֮СͬʱϵˣȻ漣ĸϵʶģȫóһȦʹӷ磬վȺ֮У


1652 
ʥƷ
˫ۣųӷ磡
ϣûʥƷǿߣʥƷƷĶǴڵģعΪ˽ԼΪʥƷ۷壬ʥ۷徳磬ôͻѽˣ֮޷ʥ۷徳磬ڳļʥƷǿߣ˵һǧͣôһѵɱʥƷľ磬ûйչʹģ
ΪĽչ˵һʥƷǿߣٶϣԶԶһʥƷ߰Ʒǿߣǰֵĳӷ磬ͿƲ꣬ղʩչٶȣȻԶԶʥƷ֮ϣڻҪԽʥ۷ľ磬ųʵ¶Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
ӷǵʱڵҪԼģԼĶǻűʵģͲһ̶ֹķţֻܵһĳ̶ȣ޷ˡ
ͬʱҲǴ½ϣδֹžǰ׾ǣӵٶȡ
νӰΣӰȫûˣٶܵһôĳ̶ȣͿ֪ˣ
㶵վڳӷߣڣ֪ʲô£Լգ۵ĹûˣѾϣ⼸֮Դһ֮Ϊǿ֮ԴŸϵģɽ죬ԼȻ֮Դ֮ǰϵˣҲ̫˼˰ɣ
˿̣һĿʼҲ˵죬ողյʱ㣬Ӧ峿嵽ʱҲǿõʱ
ھǴ½عĵؽ֮УһĿʼҲ֮ԴΪǿʱ
ӷ粢֪Щνĵһ֮Դ˵ʲô֮Դò˵ʮǿģڶûۼѾĳӷ鿪ʼˣһе֮Դȫۼǽһôĳ棡
ֵܣ̫ţˣҶûļգأѾˡ⼸һǵһΪǿ֮Դ֮ǰϵġ
ҲԳСˣ͸ӷ࣬ҳӷ翴Ҳûʲô⣬Լһѣ˵ӷڳ˶һ
ǲǵع
ӷֱʳԼ⣬Ųʲôء
ѽǵع
ǵعʲôطôû
е㶣ڳˣе㶡
ӣСֻǸУʲôǵع֪
Χӷ⣬Ѿӷ統һˣ
ӷЦһѵعϵ˼ǰ
˵ֵܣعֻһѣͲʲô¹ġʵǰҲǸһ뷨Դ֮󣬲ףܶ飬ܵġ
ȷܶ飬˵ǵ棬ۿģδġ
عʲô¹Ǹˣ͸һͲһƬֻһƬ
ԭȫۼΪʲôҸղ˵ʲôǿһ֮ԴϾҪˣʲô˼
ǿڳӷԼһѰɣҲʲôֱӻشֵܣӦ֪ع½֮Դǿĵط֮һعǹȣһ֮ͬһ굽ͷӵų֮Դģ֮ԴǷۼģÿΪۼΪϣƻ裬ʱΣʱ򣬶˭ʱڣյǿ֮ԴǶԼΪġ壬һ֮Դۼĵط֮Դۼ֮󣬾ͻΪ壬ع˷ɢȥ˭յ֮ԴǾ͵Ϊ֮ԴˣҲΪǿġ
Ľܺ󣬳ӷˣعеڲͬѽ
Ȼһֻǿ֮ԴȥᣬΪˣȻǲģϾ˶յ֮ͬԴյĶ࣬Ҿյ٣ܲƽ˵ԣܶԼûʲôĵˣѡ֮ԴƽĵطֻΪǰ⣬ԣˣȫܵعˣ
첻ͬȻѾڵع˺üˣǾ˵һֱûȥǱߡȻΪߣȻôã˵ʮ־˵ģˣСһ죬ǿġ
ղ˵죿
˲ţǳӷΪҪģرЩǱˡ
ӷ翴ĳǱСΪûʲôָɣΪŻ˵ĵףֻҪõССĻָ˵һɳˣ
Сعٵһ˵ĻڳӷպҵʮģֻС졭ҪŬѽ
ǵģҽ죬̼ҵˡ

⻹óӷеѽ죬Ȼˡ
ξξٱ£ʶ
ӷ˵ˣһˣһξټС㣬Ǵѽ
ֵܣ˵Цˡֻ̼ǸС壬ӸξٴСǵôܻʶǵʸûأ
ҲԱ˵ֻǺġ
ȷǴ½ʵΪ˭ǿ˭ӣΪߵʲôطκ˵עġ
ǳӷ磬ʥƷľ磬ʩչˣһַ֮ġ
Сӣһ֮Դģ
Уһ֮֮ԴΪǿΪģǵôãǰǱʥƷǿ߸ˣ죬һҪƴȥᣬӷʥƷܿס̫ˣʥƷôܿƵסʥƷǿأǿɣüʥƷǿߣԼȴ


1653 ʥ
һε֮Դж󣿳ӷǲö֪ģԿ϶ǣǹҪС࣬Ҳ˵ӷԴعһ֮Դ֪ǹǱߵ֮ԴжҲøԼһ׼
죬оۼΪΧɽǳϡ٣Ҳͽɽˣû˿ϰԿΧ֮Դľۼ
˵ۼ֮ԴȳӷеҪĻǳӷ罫һдۣ֮Դյв񷶦˵ϵˣǷ棬ûĹӷġ
ǣ񷶦ڵӷ绹˵ڶ֮󣬻᲻Ķ״ӷһҲ֪˵񷶦ܲõĻҪȥã֮ԴûԼеǰǿĻҲҪȥˡ
ųӷ˵һԱߣҲѾûȥעӷˣˣעۼ⡣
磬ڴ˿̿ʼعĵؽڣγС͵磬ȫΧΧ·γһƵģڣ֮⣬ˣǲܽģ򣬾ͻᱻΧ롣
ӷףΪʲô˼죬δõһε֮ԴˣҲףΪʲô֮Դۼ֮ǰûϵûˣԭ֮ԴۼʱˣͽȻǳǿ߾ͲͬˣǿߣӦòں֮ԴΪٴ֮ԴǵΪҲѾ𲻵κεİˣҪģǲ
ֵܣעˣ֮ԴȫۼϿʱͻγһźƣ֮ڣһ֮ԴΪǿģҲΪġ֮Դ޷ֱգǵ֮Դ̫ǿ󣬲κԴߣһֱ֮ԴĻͻԱԣ֮Դ֮ǰҪĽԼܹյ֮ԴԼ֮Դա֮ԴĹУҲΪΣյģˣһɲҪԼ֮Դ˸ˣǾ͵ڸ˼ױ
˵ЩӷȻס֮ԴҲǸմйģǵ֮Դ̫ǿ̫ңǳǿߣ۷ľ磬Ҳֱȥյģ綾Ʒ㣬ҪӹʳĶƷһʳߣҲһˣ
ӷ绹ûҪȥ֮ԴûҪ飬ӷȥֻ￴˵֮Դǿһôĳ̶ȣ
İɣ·ģģ֮ԴǣңһϵûС
˵ʵ֮Դǿ󣬳ӷһ㶼ᣬӷҪ֮ԴĻǽҪж٣ֻҪԼܹܹ޵գ
ƨɣװɡСӣϷ㣬ÿһعˣһʼʱ˵ڰ;Уʶ֮Դǿ󣬳ǳǿߣûвĵġ
һʥƷߣԱ˵
ӷûȥߣ˵ɣԼҲں
죬Сӻӷ絹һѣڰ֮ǰӷ绹Ҫ˽һ£쵽ûʸԼ
õ֮ԴΪӦÿֱӵʥˣ
ܵģֵܣҵΪƷյ֮ԴҲƷˣܵʥ磬Ƕ˵ֻһѽ
Ŷֻһ𣿡
仰ӷѾҪ뷨
˵Ҫһ£ֻǽһĻǾԶܳɹġ
ĻóӷȤ
ΣرΣ˵ңɼġŬˣһԼĻ룬ͻһĿ㣬ʵҶѾˣȻʲôûõΪҲûκεţֻҪͣŬȥһ죬ܽʥġֵܣ㿴ڳǼʥƷǿߣһǧͣأҽŶʮͷҵǸʱ˵ʥƷľ磬ҲʥƷľɡ
ⷬóӷʮ⡣
һСعֳһ졣֮ڤڤ֮Уȴһˡ
˶٣ӷʵ򣬶˵һôĴڣ
ѽ
ļ⵽ƻᣬ֣֮ô
Ҫˡ֣֮ȥƴĻͲ֮ˣΪ֣֮͵
Ͷ𣿡
ǱﻮӸ𡣡
ĵˣȴĶأô
ԹТȫõѡ񡣿Ҿã̫ɵ취Ϊһ塣
ڣӷѾûκοʵˣҲҪʲôˡ
Ǳߣȱٵľһƣӣ죬ԳΪԼƣȴ֪Լݣȵʱʱá
죬֮ԴѾȫۼˣǿΪʥ硣
˵ʲô
컹ûӦͻȻӷѾ𣬷ɵ֮ڡ
Сʲô
𣡾ȻֱӳУѵ֪ⴿ֮Դǲյģ
ۿСӣҪе֮Դֹ
ֲֹʲô£ҲʶԱɡ
ϵˣڶûȥ֮ԴˣǱһϷı飬ӷôġ
ʥƷѽССͣ˵Ϊ½Ǽ̬Ĵ֮⣬֮٣ӣӦúúû뵽Ҫǰֱһ
֮ڵĳӷ磬
죬׼һֱ֮ʥ


1654 
ɵ۵Ŀųеĳӷ磬һǲǷˣȻе֮Դȫۼһ˵ǿ֮ԴȲ˵ܾܲۼΣǾۼˣԳӷʥƷΪҲǷϲ˵ѽңǾ仰ʲô˼Լһ֮Լʥ磬˵ĸƵģʥôڳЩˣĻҪƴȥÿҸ³ȴӷ˳֣˶ԲϵΪˡ
ӷֶΣЩԶ󲻵ģ֮ڣӷ粢û񷶦Ϊ񷶦յ֮Դֻܹ뵽ӷڣһڲ񷶦ڽйģڱˣһöûС
Ȼò񷶦ȥգ֮ԴǳӷܽģֻԼѪˣѪȾۼе֮Դκ˸ߣ֮ѪԪأе֮Դһ壬֮Уֲܴ˿ѪԪ棬ڹԴߵ죬ͲյˡҲ˵ӷҪԳѪѪԪأռǿ֮ԴȻٽģҲǱ㣬֮Դ棬ʱҪȥʹ֮ԴںΪһ壬֮Դܱգȫһ˵ġ
ò˵Ҫһ㣬ѵ㹤һǳӷͰæˣǿ֮ԴֱӱӷѪԪɳӷģһû죬ӷõ֮ԴҲǶġ
׼ǵӷ罫֮Դȫۼӱʱ콫ӳҹӷۼ֮Դڡ
ǣ飬⣬˵κ£ûеô򵥣Լߵ⣬ܶʱǱ˵⣬ңǾͱȽ鷳ˡ
ˣӷȻһ֮ۼе֮ԴƬƣȫΧųӷһˣǿ⣬ķ֮ڣɢǿѪ⡣
ôСӣ潫е֮Դȫۼˣڻڿʼ
ֹȻе֮Դһ˵ˣ
ڳбˣͬҲдˡ
ղŴӳӷ߾Ůˣ˿̲ûиһҪȥֹӷ磬ͶȳӷҪŮȫվһҲ
ãȹӣΪԴߣڿ֮УľȻȹӣɼõĳҲӦò򵥣ǧС֮İɡ
óļΪƣе̥мϴ̷ȹ϶ȹȹöų֮ݣȽϱ뺷ĺȹϴΪף໥һۺ󣬲ûȥеĳӷ磬ȫת졣
ӰԼٶȣΧˣΧ
ϴ
챻һΧʱ亹ֱ֪ģõΪʥ磬ϴΪѾʥƷľ磬ֻһʥƷˣȾ磬˵ֱѽ
ã𾳽߰ΧסʣܲţֻҪһ֣Լ
죬㵹˵˵˭
õ壬źõ壬ŮĺڵعҲˣֻһѡ
ͷţ˭ô֪˭ѽҲǸһһμ
ϴɱô˵Ҳ̼ҵ㶯ңǲŹġ
̼ҡǿֻ̼ǸСˡңˣЩѾ߶ˣСȴ˳˵һλûСڸһλᣬң˭
ϴ治ʶѽ
˵㲻ʶΪʲôҪ㣿
ңЦˣ㿴ڰ𣡡
ղ˵Ļ˿ɶˣۼе֮Դʥ磬Ǹϵ֮ܺˣôܻ֪ʮΣյģһ֮ۼе֮ԴҪôǿ֮Դ͸㣬ԼҲҪ
ǧ춼˵ˣԼĲʶӷ磬֪ӷôģ
ңҡ
㣬ӣĲʶСӡҿǱ˰ɡ
ĵųĵĵ󷽣ڻƻɫʣ֮ǰĴ󷽣֮
ȷ˵ûСӣȷʶˡ㣬㣬ģģǲһ
ĺģຣģǾޱֲƷַ࣬ɫȴǺ֮Ϊ֮Уڶ࣡
ţӣҲѾ뵽ˡ۴½мˣܽǿ֮ԴۼΪһ塣
һǿ֮Уξ۶ǰһ𣬵Ѿˣһǡ
û²ĻӦþˡ
Ǵ㣬ˣӦڳΪʲôڵع
ʱдţ˵Ѿ뿪˳ǣû뵽ġһĵӻ治һĴɱʹĵ۶ˣһݺµȻ뿪ǡӣˣߡ
㣬ڸô죿Щһȫȥ鷳ˡ
ǳǰĸ׶顣һЩˣֻܳΪѣһΪ˵ˣǾļ֮ա
˵ûǳʱȥͽһ
Ҫ˵̫࣬ߡ
ι˵λǵ˵ʲôѽ˵˭ѽǲʶ


1655 ·Ͷ
ֹɢ֮Դһ˶ˣ
ϣʥƷǿߣ˼ΪعǿȻǳǿģ
ЦҪɢӷۼ֮Դ˵ʥƷ¾ǽδδذĵɣˣڵĳӷ磬û񷶦ģһУûκˣԷɢӷۼ֮Դ
ѪԪأѾƵΧʱ֮䣬ƱѪƣһĻĳ֣ͷȥǿߣֹͣӣһȫɵĿѪеĳӷ硣
¡һֻѪһѪƴһƬ޴󣬽ѹһСƬСƬѡ
ӷ绯⣬һ嵽ֱӾվѪ֮ϣͺñЩ˵еˣƼ˼䡣
ѾɵۣΪٵףҲ֪ģƱѪƣѹˣԣе֮ԴѾӷһռڽˣʱ˭Ҫȥ֮ԴǷɢӷۼ֮ԴǾͱƵӷʹĳӷ޷ȥ
ӷɢԪأȴ˾ģԪأڹҲںڰһڳκˣδȫԪء
λǿߣСӵʲôѽǵѪҺ·ֹͣתǵ壬Լָˣ
˴ӷѪԪһͷųΧΪڳӷ֮ߣڵѪҺȫֹȥʱһѪҺͻѪҺһ̣ڵһн٣⣬
ȻʥƷǿߣǲ̫Ӱģƾˣ𵽶أ
Ѫ֮ϵĳӷ絥һӣһǿҵѪ⣬·ϵȥ
оѪӵޱǿɻ֮סԼʱԼڵѪҺƵģָоҲ֮䣬漴ڵѪҺʼ壬ҲѾԶˣ
ʲô£
̧ͷѪ֮ϵĳӷƷǿߣԶ
Ҫϻ㲻Ǻ뵽ʥ𡣽죬Ҿͳȫ㣬㽫Ϊʥ硣
ʲôܰҰΪʥ磿
ѵ㻹ɲɣ
ӷһ֮ۼе֮ԴܽӴ֮Դ֤ӷˣ
ֵȷΣ뵽ʥ磬һ˻᲻˵Σûȥ룬ԼͲʶǰԼµ꣬ΪʲôҪԼء
Ҹô
ʵ
ڣеȫұһὫȡ뵽֮Դڣ֮Դ
ԭӷԼȶ֮ԴȻȥԼȥԴˣǿ֮ԴΪġ
ò˵ӷֶַΣžǳ۸δʿδйķٶɡ
ӷŲ񷶦㵽ʱ⣬Ҳò񷶦ȥȡ˵ˣӷڿʼ֮ǰѾһУͲҪ񷶦ԼѪԪأܰ쵽㡣
ҲʣӲԥ̽ȫ˳
СĿӷǳɵģͽȥ֮УγһССٽ򣬹µѪ֮ڡ
ãСӣҪ졣ôãδõе֮ԴɲСӼ˱ˡ
ʥƷǿߣĻῴųӷȥ죬һҪ뾡һа취ȥֹ
Ȼӷ罫Ѫ֮ںȻͱСˣѪƣҲγΪѪɫλ֮ɫҲڵѪҺʼԶˡ
ڴҵ嶼ָһ֣֮ԴɢǵòҲˡ

ҪȥʱãȻһ֮ǰõĵסˣĺģֱӷɵ֮ϣӷߡ
Ѿͷ治ôУٶģʥƷǿ߶ûȻȰ쵽
ô
ӷ粻׶ŮˣŮ˶ԼвĻǳӷҲԲ
벻Ҫᡣǽãġ
ң˵ЦɡһȺϣҪǰ
ԹӵֶʵȻǲҪǰġӣȻҪΪЩӲҪҵĻԹ㣬һʧҲûУԽȫɱû죿޷õİΪˣ죬ͽɸˡ
ĺ˵ûӷԼû£ὫЩ˷Ҫɱǣôɱ
أòԱӷ·һžǱߣҲΪСɫܳɱ˰ɣ
֪˭𣿡
ӷֲɵȻĺ˿϶ӷɱˣǾ˵Ѿ֪˳ӷݡ
͹ӣ۴½˭˲֪
֪˭ͱҪ
͹ӣ˵ãģ֮ǣ͹ӳǡֻ֮ǰǽöޣǵļ壬ҲֻǸκеС壬򣬵۶ǱߣǼδ֮ǰŵġ
ֻ죬ΪԼһǿ߰ˣû뵽ʱ򣬾ȻŮͶԼ
ӷֲɵӣ˵ͶҾҪ𣬹֪ǲˣ
ҳǣ֤һǵĸҿ
֪͹Ҫǽô֤
ӷ翴ųˣ˵ˣȫɱ⡣


1656 ̫
Ǵ½ɱǺ飬ͬļҳ㷹㣬ϾǿΪʵΪûʵһڱ˵£㲻ţţҪ˫۾ģһеΣ
ǣɱһ˼򵥣ɱһҲʲô£Ҫ˵ɱǧˣһɱǧˣǧ˵Уǿߣкܶʵ֮£һǳ̬ˣ
ʱѾϥڵҲѾϷ֮ԴֻҪӷ֮ԴԼģͿ֮䣬Ϊʥ硣
һˣ𾳽ʥ磬ͺñǴʥֱ磬˷ܵͬʱ˵⡣Ȼÿһ˵õľأõ˻ֱӴ𾳽絽ﳬ硣
ͬһʱӷĻģãȫ˵
ˣȫɱ⣿
ǲֲ̫һ㣬Ȳ˵ûʵУҪô̵ʱɱǧǿߣԼҲᶪ˰ɣ
Ҳʲô֮ǵĻǲϵĳӷ˭ʱҲǿ֮ԴҪعΪУųӷȥ赲ǡ
õ壬ʲô
ʥƷǿߺǷŭˣÿȴģһǿ֮Դңÿε֮ԴҲ˭ȫյһֻʧģڣȻҪ֮ԴȲܶԷһôĽ׶ΣԼȴôãôãһˣ˵ԼȴԾõĶ߾ߣֱԼʲô𣬶Դ˵ʵԼҪҪ
õڻ治˵ֻ֪Ҫ˵ˣǾҪճӷ˼ȥӷղǾ仰ͬʥּ㣬ˣղˣûɣ㣬Ҫ
תͷ˿ĺģھĺӷãҲͬͬ˵ģĺóӷԼãУȻѾϳ˳ӷݣһճӷĻȥ죬ԼãԼ壬֮֡
˵ûôأҲһֹӷ컹ڣ·ֻˣһɱˣǵȳӷԶֽɱ֮ɱԼã漴ģǳǱ߶Լļľ
ҪɳӷҲҪɳǱߵն𣬽ǣ⼸£½˭ܰĵ
㣬ԼԼ鷳ѽڸô죿
ĵ̾˿
ʲô취ȻҪΪ裬ǾҪиͬĲ̡
˵ΪͲܽȫɱġ෴һ֣ƲʮУǾҪġ
ͷš
ʲô㣬Ҫͷ涾
֮⣬Ѿû·ˡãϻȻǽհˡ
ӷ硰ŶһɱˣҲ˵˵ˣӷͲţ֮ȫɱ⡣
ڿӷΪԼˣò˿ĽҪ֣ҲضһİգǵԴԺδأ
ȿɣ֮ԴδɹͬʱãжͣʹΪҲδɣ
죬ţİ裬һ̿ʼ׼֮Դ
ӷ˫־ٹͷͬʱãѾȺ֮г˹ȥ˵ʾһ仨Σõ壬ĵģ仨Уɢ˺ɫɫɫ塣
ã涾Ϸеëϸף涾Ӳͬĵطڵģһڣʧˣή
ãԱСƴѽڰԴߣǵС棬ҲǺڰеĶγɵģͬʱͷųеĶǵСһģԻ٣
ʲôˣðԻСΣգҪΪӷ罫˸ֵǲ̫ˣǰСӣֵʲôˣж˶
ӷڲȥãΪӷʶעǣʲôԸ˵ģӷ綼ܿһ
ǿ֮ԴѾӷϳӷԼ
˿˿⣬н½һ˿һ˿塣ٶȲ̫죬ϾһˣǾͻᵼǿ֮Դڱըֻ·һҪһģһ˿˿ģĽǿ֮Դʱ䣬ȻΪؼġ
ӷһİʱȴû֣Ͽգ½Ͽգӽ֮Ӱ
Ӱȫ⣬ǿޱȣȴֻΧǵûɢȥ
̫ӣʲ¹ǵڤΪʲôҪðΥʵܹأ
˵ǸˣһˣΪ̫ǿңǶ˵ӡ
Ҹµǣ׼κڤ磬û˵Ǵ½˵ˣδ飬ӦѾ˵ˣǳģڲʼǳҵСӣΪؼĴڣһС֮ţǾ͵ҸⳡĲƬ棬δ
ԣ̫뽫Сɱҡ֮У
Сڻûʸҳ֡ٿɣܳɳһôĳ̶ȣһвĵطұضɱɱһֻûʲô𡣺ˣߣһ棬СҲѾˣҲҲʱ˷ǵȥתתɡ


1657 
ӷһü¶һ׹⣬Ȼ̧ͷ֮ȴʲôҲû֣
ˣղһǿҵ֣Ϊʲô֮ʧˣ
ڳӷҪһ˿֮ԴҲΪҪһ˿֮ԴʱͻȻ֣ԼϷΪ֮һɼΪӴǵȻûǵصƣӷоĵӦǶԷûн½ܸܵĵǵĴڡ
ʲôˣӵǿǴ½ϣҲֻзƶ˰ɣѵ˵ƶ϶Ѿˣ
ѽƶĳˣԼǵȴǧĴػߣûɿԼѽһ֣Լģȴû
ѵ˷ƶ֮⣬½ϻиǾԲܣǷƶϵΪͻƣ۷ľ磬ƬУ˰ָδ⣬ܻ˿ԳԽ۷壬Ǹ֪ľ硭ѵǡӾްҹ
ӷʵ벻ͨղһŵʲôɢģǵһôľ磬Լʵ޷ȥ϶
£Ѿ˹ؼʱ̣ӷ绹Ҫã˼ȥܱģղǳ֮Ƿƶϣʲôˣӷڶܲˣ
Ѫ⣬ջڣͬʱ֮ԴγɵҲڽʧ󣬻˿⣬һֱӳ·ȥ
¡¡
ӷһǿĲ˷ɢȥǳӷȫһɲΪģ˵飬뿴ղųֵˣǲѾˣûߣֲֵĻԴ㾯棬ԼɲǺǵģҪԼ鷳Ļ۷ĳǿߣԼеĵ֮һսҲɱԼ
֮ʹĵعؽڵˣڣȫסӣǴǧԴߵϼһҲӷһŵĻð亹
ѪͣеȥͬһѪ㣬Ƭع֮硣
ǿ
ǲСӵĶ֣ߡ
ܣȻҪԼ֮ԴǾͱܡ
ӷһţ죬κһܣߴĻˣǵļڣǼҼӳȥŮЩŮŮЩŮйصˣͳͳҪ
ѽ
ãΪˣӷһ仰ҪɱйϵˣļεĳԱ޳ȥŮˣЩŮ˵ŮǵɷɷˣڣȫҪӦѾǾ˰ɣϴﵽʮ塣
Сӣݡ
ʥƷǿߣȫɫ࣬ݵģѾˣȴû뵽ӷҪӵĺݣãҪ
ģƴõҲὫȫɱģһҲ
ͬһʱ䣬ڵС˳ִŶص壬סƬع
ӷ΢΢ͷõĶ治һǿ½Ҳֻһ죬ܸǽнⶾϵľ

һѪ⣬·ϵѾе֮ԴȫˣʱֻҪе֮ԴȫΪֱӵʥˣ˵ܵСʥƷľ磬ϾСǺ֮ˣʥƷľ磬Ӧûġ
عؽɱ¾ԶΪߵɱ¾ڽţãҲƴȥɱ
ͬһʱ䣬ھǴ½֮⣬Ҳ֮Уǰľڤ磬ҲľǴ½ΪɫɫɣڰǰʮСǾǣϵʮźǣ⣬ǴӾǴ½Ѫɫʯͷ
һѪ⣬ӾǴ½ϣֱ棬ǴѪɫʯͷеĳѪɫʯͷϣʹѪɫʯͷѪ⣬ðܵĻ棬ڻ֮У·㣬˵Ѫɫʯͷѡ
顭
һըѪɫʯͷͬȥһǣһżΪĻΪѪɫĻҪ֮ǰʯͷСʮ˼ʮ棬ǿޱȣԻ
ѪɫʯͷΪը仯ΪһŻ֮ǰԶľǣͬʱֲͬɫĹâǣһߣƶԭֱߵߣڣȻΧһȦΣƫƵģǵʮŵĺǣΧм䣬ը仯ɵĻǣʹں֮£Ȼ˵Ļ̼ܿ˵ԶĻ֮ңڣȴһҲˣ
ͻı仯øոմӾǴ½⣬ֹͣ
̫ӣʲô
͵ǰ䣬˶סˡ
Ϊ̫ӵˣ֮⣬֮̽档

⣬̫ӵΧɢȥһĹ˻
ôܣҵ̽鲻ԭ򣡡
̫ӣΪǱҪϽ´ʡ
һ˲ģڲûҲֻƬе任ˣûκιϵƬˣҲ۲򡣡
̫ӣƬ棬ʷ˺ôĹŴģΪʱ޷ơֻءƬҪڴ壬ΪĿԽһƽ̨̫ȫɢȥ¶ģһԼʮҵӣһۣ̤ƣ⻷һֻֻͬӰɺףȥ֮࣬ɢ˿Ĺʡ
ղţΪǴ½ϣһϣŻġʲôˣӦ֪ɣ
Сӣ
ûû뵽СӣӵǿڣʥʿѾδƭ˺ռ䣬򣬵ȳСɳ죬Ǹһ֣ͽѡã˺ռ֮ˣԶܳˣ
̫ӣȻʥʿǿΪʲôֱӽýδƭռأ
޴Ϊʥʿô𣿱˵ң¾ʥʿʱܾ˵Ľ֣ʱͬˣⱰ裬ʵڲԸʱȥһʥʿֵĽʥʿһŭ֮£ɱ򣬻߸֣Żýδʥʿƭռġռ䣬ڸ֮һռ䣬ȥˣԶҲ˲ŷ
ļǣûʥʿһδѵʿʲôˣѾδѹŴˣҪ𣬸ǡ
죡˵ٴˣڳǰ飬˭Ҳ˵𡣡
ǣ֪ˣ
´Σնġ
Ҳˡ
ˣ飬ȥɡȥһ˻Ҳʶһ£ʿеĻƽʿһôŮˡ


1658 ޸
֮λȫ˱仯ӾǴ½գҲһֱˣΪһԲΣԲ֮и֮£һźǸһŻǣҫޱǿҵĹâ
ȻǣǳȦ󣬸һâں֮Уһڹ⣬Ļһ壬һֱǴ½ûھǴ½κһ䣬ڴ֮ϣʹĴǲ׹⣬ʱ֮˻⣬漴ֱ仯ΪѪ⣬ѪΧı㣬ĳΧɢɢ˰֮⡣
˿̴пǴ½ĻǵڴϵѪ⣬ſķΧȻһҲ˵Ǵ½Ȼֻа򣬵ϵѪ⣬ɢγһ򡣶ңǰѪ⣬ǽļǿ·޸Ǵ½ΪһƵģ
һĻ̫Ӳûз֣ΪǴ½һ仯֮ųֵģھǴ½֮ϣȴ˸ֲͬ䡣
أӺڻɫأѪɫѪ첢ǺǳǳϸȥĻ޷еı仯
󣬸ɽԭЩǰȻҪʮ֮һֱ仯Ϊ̫ӴžǷֵˣҲָٵģ
ڱߣҲʮ֮һľ룬Щеħ޶ʼƣΪʲôͻȻı仯ԼĻþǳʲô飿
½ϱߵһϳǣҲǹȵһվڳǽ֮ϣϳǾһˣ̧ͷգˣһֻ˾ӣȴ޷أȫ亹
ղʲôΪʲôҸоһѹҵǿ˷ָޱȵϣͬʱһĸо
оǳӷղоò˵ޱǿرǶ·ūŵĸӦȻūš
˵֮ӣ֮Դģ֮ӣҪ̫ͬһ˽ӣ˽ӼԼ׵׶ӣʶеη־塣
Ȼȴڣ˵Ǿ磬棬ҲѾҲڶˣͺһضĴڣȻھ磬Ȼģֻû֪ôڡ
ΧĿռ䣬ΧĿǳԾռţҲţ⵽ôһ£
ףˡ
ֻյĹн£û͸ҸͿɼˡ
ûжԵôֻһֹס˵Ѿ֪ˣ
¥¥ھŭģԳƱǾŸУҲֻûгƱҲ˵ΪԼǵĲ֮ͬɣΪʲôҪôװҲװͬǸ߼
ȫΪγһȦΣ£Ҫϻ㱨һˣ
ȫλˣҲ˵ŴѾȫˣʲôطȴû֪
ףȫ˱仯£֮ǰѾԤˣͻȻ˺Ǹô£
֮ǵһλ˶Ѿ²⵽ǳ綼ȫƶλõģھǴ½֪ǺǻǱϾǾǴ½֮Ҳû˻ΪλǴ½ֱӵ˺
ֻڱչأ治֪飬֪֪֪ˣǰصġ
̾˿̫ͻȻ벻ͨģǾλ֮ΧĿռΪʲôſоǣղԼеηģһôʲôͷųģ
ѵ֮
֮پǴ½
ѽ֮ԼΪ֮ӣֲܷѽ
תԵʵ㲻ڵ۶Ǵţܹʲô
һµףңҡ
Ҳȥǹȣ
ǵģ׸úͬһȥΪ
ȥɣǹȣȽɫȥ˵أǱ߻δȶǺܷ仯ȻȥǱߣһ춯ɱ
ԥһ£ȻǲȥģˣôȥأֲΥҪأ
ǺðɣȻص۶Ҳౣء
Ҳϻǹȷȥղŵ䣬һʱ֮Ҳ㲻ֻǴϢƶϣƶ϶ô˵ˣ
ع֮ϣӷ̧ͷϷȫλڳӷ˵ǼԵĺ£ȫλˣʲôطֻ֮˭
ΧĿռ䣬춯
ӷѾȫڣھҪԼˣҲǺܴ
ʶ硣
ӷ罫ʶųʵڸյǴ½ãӷѾųʶȥ۲硣
ηųʶ۲쵽ľǴ½ȻȵһηųʱҪʮ֮һֻʶܸоĵǲܿģϾû˿һ۾Ϳ硣
ô£Ϊʲôǰʮ֮һ


1659 ޸ʧ
ӷʶ޷̽׷ʲô£˵䲻ģԳӷ籾Ϊǲܲĵģ֪̫ǺεȵͨݹƬ棬֪Ϊʲôᷢı仯ӷʥƷ磬ʣ֪ܵǴ½ĿռΪʲôͻȻ俪ʼչأ
ӷ罫ʶջΪղſֻԼһʱĴˣȴϣ񷶦ȻʱԶûõӷ翪ָ֮ǰ
һǿ⣬ֱӱӷڣüĴĻƽСҲûѾˡ
һ޴ⶦʱ䣬˳ӷͷⶦҲֻгӷԼܿĵκˣǳԽϾı̬ǿߣ򣬶ܿⶦģΪⶦһþĴڣʵ֮
񷶦ôԼܳˣ
ӷԾԣõ񷶦ڣӷҲֻڶԸʱ򽫲񷶦Ǹʱ򣬳ӷʵû취ˣȻǾԲܻ񷶦ʵġ
ֵĲ񷶦ʵ壬ͬһ㣬˳ӷͷ
񷶦һ֣ڿʼ仯仯Ϊһƽ𹬵ǲ񷶦ڶα仯֮γɣֻǴСûĲ񷶦ڶα仯Ĺӷڲ񷶦֮ҪС˵ֻһͯΰСɢȴǳӷδоġ
񷶦ֻ֮ԴΪʲôڳȹ
ûиӷκεв֮ǿҲ˿ƻ෴һĸо·бƻһУֻҪϴ񣬶ָԭӣ
С͵ĹڳӷϷɢϽ⣬ͬ㣬ĳ˷ɢȥӷ粻֪ЩҪɢʲôطǿģ½ǿߣع߾ۼһ̽
ЩɢķӦҪɢ½н䣬֮ĵطһȫµ
ǲ񷶦γɵģȻӷ绹֪ôγɵģȴû˿Ļɡ
ӵһУһеֵĹ⣬ȴ޸һеߣͬ񷶦Ϊʲôһ񷶦ӵȫͬأ
ֻΧЩήĻľϴ֮ȫΪѺۣҲڹϴ֮Ѹ̫ԣΪϵʱȽϸȥ۲Ļͺȥ֣ҲʲôȥעЩľǴ½ֲǵ磬˭ȥʲô̻ѽ
ԣȻһиһе֮ǰҲһе֮ǰĲ²⣬пܳΪһȫµ磬ڣ񷶦ͷų޸һе񷶦ж֪ġ
뵽⣬ӷ֮ǰ֮뿪ʱ˵Ļ
һԵ𣬶⣬Ϊıưԣ죬䴴߱ݺᣬ˱޵Уű
ű䣬񷶦ӵžֱ仯ȲܾűǰңԶˣǰ˵ɣѲɣ񷶦һܴıﲻɣǣԼЩνȣһ㶼ѷɫˣ˵ܴ磬ԼĲ񷶦ͬԴ磡
ʱϷĹԱߣһƬѪ֣Ȼͬʱ֡
ͬʱ˳ӷڣһΪѪɫһΪɫͺñø֮𣬳ӷУҲͻȻ֣ã񷶦仯ĹΪã
ֻõĽ⣬Ƶ˵УеĶħȫʧΪѪɫĵ棬ȴ˸ֲͬɫɽˮкܶ࡭ˣңеĵΣӷ翴ôôأ
ǡ
ɣ֮УȻ˰ûǰ򣬽һ漴еĻϸӷۿȥ棬ֵ粻ǡǴ½
䣬޸
֮䣬ͻȻһۺַ·ڳӷԺ
һԵ֮Ϊã⣬޸һ硣
ۺͣڳӷԺ𣬶ͬʱ磬·ֹʱ䣬Ҳ·ֹͣ
֮Ϊã˵ģѵþǲյ֮Դ
޸һ磿ѵǲ֮ȫҲ̫˵ɣȻ޸һбƻ˵磬ô˵ԼղŵָоͲǴˣǴ½Ϲʱƻһ򱻻ˣڣΪ񷶦ĸоǱһ򣬼޸
Ҳ̫̬̫˼˰ɣѾǸˣܰﵽӷ磬ͬʱܰ磬
¡¡
ӷΪ񷶦е˼飬Ҳеʱϣøͬʱ𶯣ڱ
ϵ޸һ磬޸񵽴ֹͣ
ϵ˵ģǳӷ
ûӷΪ񷶦ˣ˵ϣȻǳӷˡҲԣӷȷ޵ģƻ޸ӦӦģӷӵƻһеȴûлѽ޸һУȴ޷ȥ޸Ҳ˵Ҫ޸ΪҪ϶һľɣ


1660 ¹
񷶦ָͬʱʧص˳ӷڡ
ͬʱϣѾе֮ԴȫգʢѾһ𾳽磬ʥ硣
ʥƷѾļˣ٣Ǹޣ
õϣȫأѾʹǵ巢˱仯ĺˮǾ綾ޱȵģˣѾǶˣҲһԴˣ˳ӷĴڣ˭ֻҪǣȫʬ
˳׷ˣΪСһ仰ȻСԱһ룬һС棬Ǳɵġ
ҲˣҪƴĻϵĶ˵ЩˣҲ
ȷöѾˣѵֲɣȻѾԱһС棬ƱͬھֶΡ
ӣóħ֮һС壬κһĳ֣ҪСȫ̲ʹļңѾΣ֮ˡ죬ȡҵԮϣӿķϣļʱԮ֣þѾмˡ
õٿմ󺰣˳ӷĶУͬʱ˶ĺˡ
Ҫ̲ЩС飬ʵ½Ѿ֪ˣļңȻҪ̲Ķ
ɷ۴½мˣģ֪ı󣬿Ƿƶѽ˵Ǵ½ΪǿĴڣ
ΪʲôãԼӷ磬ӷļԮأѵǲ֪һëСӣһǵȴڣ·һ
òɵӣǲɵ෴ǳڵعؽ⼸õΪǲ֤ͣǵͷˣ˵Լȥȡһ˶ļҵԮأ
ˣҪСӶļԮ֣ѵСǴͷ𣿡
λǿ쿴Ѿе֮ԴΪ֮䣬ʥƷľ磡
ѽСˣҪô̵ʱڣе֮Դʥ磡
λǰأҲѾµʲôͷ˰ɣ
ʱϷ򻹲֪Ļһǧǰ׻ˣϧѽϧϷǧΪȴҪһ
ġ
ʥƷǿʱһվûȥãųӷ磬˫ȭһ˵ȸٱݼ͹ӡ
ӷӰһҪȫԱСʱǰһӣãԶľ롣
㣬֪ҵݣǿ֪ʲô
һڵı֣һҪ
ȸٱҲǸϼһ֪ӷб֮ʱ֮Ҫĵ۶˽һս˵ˣܹ˳ӷ磬˳ǵĻڳӷ˵һ㻵ûУ
Ȼ֪͹ӵֶΣҲ֪͹֮˵͹ӽһĻЩˣ˳Ϊ͹һԱ

ӷЦһʵЩˣҲͬ뷨
˼ʥƷǿ߶˳ӷǰȻǳǵ͹ӣǲ򣬾͵
ҵҲԸ˳ǣֻ͹һ
Щˣûеӷ磬ǳӷǵУ˵ǳӷ˶Բǵ£ڣȴǷЩӷɼǿΪ磬˭˭ϴ
ǲҵĵˣͬʱҲĵˡĳǶ˵ЩˣȫֻԹߣһЩɢްˣĩգеᣬֻҪǲֽȥ޹ء죬ҲֻǴӴ·ǸȤˣһһѣˣҲʧأôˣǣҲǵǸĻھͿ԰ȫɱ⡣
͹ӵֶΣȻ֪ġ
ΪҶͶңΪԭ򣿡
һ£Ĵ½ϣмǲ͹ӵġøղ˵ޣ͹Ӹӿɺޣһֱ͹Ӷδ̤ЩССȴҰĲЩССŹҲ˵ĳֲˣԹ͹£պ󣬶ԱΪ͹ӴҲηжôӴΪ֪͹ӵĺճѾЩ񻰰в
ܺá
ӷ֪Щ˲Ҫ˳ԼģֻΪ·Щ˶ܵ˱Գӷ绹вӷֻвǸ˵أЩ˵ȫвˡ
ѽö飬˳ҵ˾ͻԽԽ࣬ʱ˵һˣǷƶȫҳӷ¹ģѵʲôƶϲɡ


1661 ͻ
ԭͣ
쵽ڲ֪ӷݣҲú֣Լǽݸ߹ӷģ̼ҵˣ˵ӷǵˣȻӷ֪ԼݣΪʲôҪԼأ
ˣѾϣӷҲûȥ죬ȻԼԲҪֻΪӷܶļԮ֣ΪģȻֵ֮ˣֻҪԼܰļң̲ãΪԼã
񷶦ֻԴһеǿߣͬʱҲ޸ĹܡȻԳӷڵ޷ȥ޸һеʮѪҲѾʧЩǵλ÷˸ı֮⣬еһУָ򣬻ǰ
޸˾Ǵ½Ҫ޸ԴߵС棬Ӧòɡ
ӷøҲ˵ǲֵ֮õС޸ˣʱ֮䣬ûָԭòˣΪȫʧˡ
ԼѾָԭòԻһС涼޸ˣⲻøеԾͬʱϵˣȫɵۣ
ӣȻ޸С棬Ҳ̫˼ˣ
ȸٱʥƷǿߣųԼȥ̽һõС棬оõС治𣬶ңõڣȻһԼδõģֻǱӡõڰ㣬һ⿪ֽһ֮أΪ֮á
ӣǡ
õʣֲҶʡ
ӷ粻Բ񷶦޸С棬ͬʱѪԪطӡõڣӷǰĻ˵һһ
ȻǶѾ֪ҵݣͶңҲǷϻˡγҪȥǹ׼սģԣļҵ飬ǹܲġ
⣬ӷ翴һˣȸٱ˵ȻЩ˶ͶңҸǵĵһ񣬾ǰĽõļңļҶԿ۶˵ˡţССһ壬ǲԳֵģӦûǲʮ̫ȥҲ˵ЩˣҪֵסʮ̫
˶٣ӷ粹ȻȻʮ̫ǷȥŲЩССȻͻһĵƣڸղţҲѾõڣҵΣʱ̣ڵͻԶ⣬Ϊã˵޵Уʮ̫֮ϡ
˵޵еĴڣϾǳӷ籾ӳģҲԳǿµǿˡ
ǿΪãͬҲܽɱ
Щӷû˵̫ԣʵõڣӷ绹һ⣬һЩУ˸ұѵĻþͿԶڵѪԪɱ֮ͬģһԼ뱳ѵĻڵѪԪؾͻԶը
øڳˣɵӣȻ֪ӷôģҲûκһ˺˵ȻҪ˳Ǿͳһɡ
ӣǴļҵǸغϣȥǣ
ʲôطȥӲҡ죬Ҿعһ֧ȫµľӣҸ׿սʱҲԴӺ棬ɱһֲ
һ֧ȫµľӣһ֧ڳľӣҲΪӷõģң֧ӵĴڣڳЩ֮⣬ˣ֪ͻЧ
ͻӣڿʼһǧˣΪͻӣãȸٱͳ죬ǰҪģֻǽҰĸƻҪ̲ЩССǾ͸ȥƻԵĻ͸ҽЩССȫսͻӡȻʲô˸գʲô˸ɱԼŰ졣
õ˵ͷȸٱ˾໥һۣ֪ӷʵûʲôӷµҪ飬һġֶֻ̫ңӷȴǷңЩССܶշǣʵҲǳӷһֱֶΡ
졣
һתӷ翴졣
һˣڳӷʲô
㵽
ȻҰʥ磬Ȼɵġ
ʲôĿģ
ÿ£ĿĵģӷΪȻҲĿĵģѵΪ˵Ȥɡ
Ϊ´󽫣
󽫣ǵĴ󽫣ǿĽɫѽʲô˶ܵģ
ˣұͶ𣿡
Ѿûѡˡ¸㣬һղҰΪʱҲһڣҶˣ½Ƭ棬ҲڶҲ˵ֻҪصǿߣܸоڵĶ
㣬Ϊʲô
ȲҪ˵ꡣȻһڣǲױ¶ģֻҪҲԶڣȻҲԸһΣʱԼȥһоͿԼôˡ
һתʵҰϸ
ҪģǴˡξҴδڹڵʱİǣѾҵ°ܽˡںģξٴӦ֪ô˰ɣ
ӣ·ˣ
ʶʱΪܣ˭ס
򣿡
ҪưԴ½ֻ顣Ȼڵľ̫ңҲų֡
̼أ
ֻҪ£ļ壬Ȼ⡣Լ¶ĻǲԮģҲ˵һУҪԼ
Ҳ˵ʲôӷһµˣ͸λȴҵɡ
ǣӡ


1662 ǹ
˵Ǵ½ľͷ˵ʵǴģҲΪ½ûоͷϾֻǰûԲεΧƴڣͷеģֻ½ľͷֻһˣһͷǹȡ
ǹȸ򣬾ͺñԱȵĽ䣬λڴ½ͷǾͷʮҵĴڣ޷ģΪ˽ȥǹȣȴһΪصĵطûҵĵǹȵڡǹȻһ֮ͬڣסźܶˣγ˸壬ǹȣ˵Ⱥס֮أûڣңסǹȵȺҲǷǳ׺ݵģǲΪħޣȴűͨħ޸ǿٶȣرǵĺֱʣ˵һּΪرҰްɣǹȣҲΪЩȺģ
ӷ£˵ӷѾɲˣɵһƬʯֵϿʱӷѾоһǿѹԼ޷ٽзСѹ˵˭ܷӳ˾޴ѹĻǹҲֻ۷徳ĳǿˣ۷徳ĳǿߣѷӳѹġ
ѹԴ½֮ģҲ˵еѹ
˭֪УûоԵĻͻȫ˺ɷ飬˽棬̫գǴ̫µģû·ҪʥǿߣΡ
ѹ֮󣬳ӷվһ޴ʯ֮ϣʯȫǻɫģγһƬǳͬһƬɭֵĴС
վʯϣԿԲ֮ڵһУİ֮⣬һƬŨŨʲôˡ
Ӧþǹڵˡ˵ǹȸһڴ½ľͷҲֻеѹʹ޷еģ
ӷʥƷľ磬з֣й½ͷѹ޷ȥ⣬治֪Ǳ߻᲻Ҳˣ
һƬʯ֮УûκεɽɽûУֺϿȡ
ǹȵڣʲôط
ӷʯΧ˴Լʱ䡭Ӧ˵ʩչΧ֮תһȦƨû֣ʯͷ֮⻹ʯͷʲôûѽ
ʱͻȻӷоһǿޱȵӷӵе
һǸǿߣ
ӷˣʱôгǿܵǹѵҲΪɡϸһ룬ûѽ½ĳǿҲǼųδֵľ¥֮⣬ǳӷģֵģЩˣڲӦÿøԵĵûܵǹ
Ҳĵ˭ڴ½ĳǿ֮У˰׾ʦͽģȫ˵ǳӷĵˣӷһҪȽԼϢպãöԷ֣ǹȻûȥҪȶսһˡ
ǿ⣬ȻҲ˳ӷղվʯϣһµӣһ̵ĶΧȥ
ڵǹˣط۶ǻ治һԶ
е̲ͣתţָ˶ûκεֱͣӳָķֳ˹ȥ
ӷ˫׹һû뵽ľȻѵһ֪ԼǹȣԼ·ģУΪ̫ߣھ͸ӲĻԲ񷶦ֱӽһܣǾ鷳ˣǣһ϶ĳǿߣ޷һģŭģǸܺõӡ
Ǳи٣Բ䣬Ӧ䣬һǹĿĺڡ
ӷɲǱˣֱβˣȻԼҲǹȵڣǾԼ·ɣǼһе̣ҲǼǳţķǷƶϵĵӣǹȻԼ׵Ķࡣ
뵽Щӷ粻ԥĻӰûˡ
ӷպԼ˵ǿƺסʱԼԼʱջʱһ޷Լġ
־˰ʱ䣬ӷһŨŨ֮У֮󣬸ʲôҲӷֻʶȥоڵλãȴ̫Ϊһᱻֵġ
ǰǧ״Ѿֹͣ˽Ųе̣ɢǿҵĹâֽ⣬Χգ֮䣬ȫɢȥҲѾ˫ִһӡ̤أ֮ǹȣ
¡¡
𣬷ƶ磬Χܡ
Ľ£ͻȻһѷ죬ѷ죬ǰȥһľʱֻ£ðһ޴ʯͷ޴ʯͷԽԽԽԽߣֱʡ
еĳӷԾĿŵðʯͷһ״ʯͷһͷ
ѵǹȵڣǹȵھȻڵصµģѹҸղҲˡ
˹Ȼӷ治֪Ҫʲôʱҵڵصµڡ
ڳӷͬʱѾһˣǿнȥû´Ļ޴ͷ֮󣬾Ǵ˵еǹˣǹڣӦҲܿ


1663 
ͨʯͷڣӷǰһˣѾƬʯ֮ˣ
һϿȣһ·ûоͷϿȣϿ֮󣬳ӷҲѾˣʯͷѾʧ
ϿΪһתʮߣӷۿϿȵҲųʶһ̣Լʶ˳ȥ۲һĵΣͬʱųʶֲͬˣҪеľҲ˵ڼоͬʱϾȥģ
ϿȻûоͷַ·֮ͨ⣡ûգ̧ͷܿģ棬һƬڰ֮УʯڲͣĻ
ѹǹȻ½֮ԴΪǿĵطˣѾ֮ˣۼ֮ԴȻС
ӷ翴ߵϿȣߵϿȺܸߣɽҪһǸΪһƵģҪȥֱ̫ܣ
ǽӷĶУǽʮ־޴󣬸ͲܻͨȺģңǽУ񻹴ޱǿȻ֮Դܱɵģ
ԳӷĲ²⣬ǣӦȫǿ߰ɣǿ֮Դһţ°빦ǹȣ治֪ᷢʲô顣
½ľͷ˵Ǳߣڴ½ΪϵĴ֮һƱֵҲõģδ̫ı仯
ȻǱߵĵƱֵĺãǹأû˾ס֮⣬˵һ԰˵ӦҪŸõĵƲŶԣǹȣ᲻Ϲʲôأ
ӷڴڴԼΪ˷ܣϾ̫գóӷоˣ
ȲǹûϹżӷڱҪ֪ǹȻʲôΣգɼȻ׵ҵڣǾ˵ǹҪȽ˽⣬٣ϵĶǹȷӳʲôصЧӦ
һֱǰȥߵģ÷еģΪǹڵѹ棬ҪӾ޴󣬾߶еѣ˵Ƿˡ
ӷĲշҲѾӦˣᱻ֡
һֱĲͣǰߣʲôطƵģһҲûֹͣӷ綼е㲻ͷˣ
죬ǰ¼ȥˣֹͣǸٴֻһǹȣһĵ
ûõκεѺۣߵұϣһĴ󶴣ڣһǰ·ȫסˡ
ӷ翴ǰЩӣÿһӣγɣҴޱǿ֮Դ
̣ǰסȥ·ӣɵĴЦ˵ĹȻûЩӣȫ֮Դγɵģ˵֮ԴеľˡֻҪܽЩ֮ԴȫյҵԴܷӳˣǸʱ򣬱˵һ򣬿ϣҪٴ֡
ԭܵǹ֮ԴʲôԴӵߵľ硣
ƶϣҪ֣˵ԴѾһľ硣
УԲһ֮ԴȻ鷳ˡ
ӷ簵ţһҪ֮ԴʱƻɱҲõǹһ˿֮Դ
ء
ʱǽԽԽԽԽӽߡ
Ȼ̧ͷֻʮҹϿ֮ϳ

Ȼƶ壬ӵϣһ֮ϣҲŰ֮ߣû뵽ǿѹ֮£ôߣٶȻ֮죬ӷϻ첻㡣
һҲ̫̬˰ɣڵ˱̬ˣ֮Դȫϴ⣬ǻ˵ã
ڣʱʮƥɫľǣΧЩǸͨûʲô𣬵ǵΣȴĴСһֻһֻģ˲֮ͬϣʱ֮䣬Χ
ǣػǹȵǣ˵ǹȵػߣͬʱǹЩġȻϹʱڵҲ̫ȴ֪Щʱ䣬õ֮ԴҲضٰɣǹˣԵõЩ澫֮ԴԽЩǸ

ӷûɣȻҲһ֣뽫еǸԼȲʲôȥģӷܸоĵÿһֻǣСҲԲôʮֻҪǸǳ˵ˡ
Ȼӷڻһ뷨˵ЩܽǴĽڽڰˣ˫ܾ˵ĽԼͿ֮ˣ
ɣǾ;ĴɣǽЩɢһڰյɢǾԼ˵ѽ˵ΪܴʥƷʥƷˡ


1664 ˫۶ǹ
ʮƥǽΧģǾͷ·ӵ԰㣬ǺҵİΧǽÿһͻΧĵ㣬ȫˣ
ȫð⣬Щⲻϵе̣мָٵתšͻأһ⣬̵λóϣ˽ǹǿѹ
еǼһĻǶܵʲôŰ㣬ȫȥûκһƥǣȥġ
ã
ӷ´󾪣һ̣֪ʲô£ɵеǶʼηӷѾ뵽ôһˣ
ѷһȻӵ֮壡ѹһ֮С͵ԭģ
ǹڣǣˣģַߡ
ʱЩǶǱһûеС̣ǵ˵ǹڵǿѹ֤ڣѾͷųһַǳص˵һϢϢģģͺñȵϵͨˣһЩޱȵǿʱЩǿߣȻȻΪͬĵڵǣͺñǵϵͨˣɢϢʱȻȻģͽһĴˡ
ϵ񣬸֮֮Ĳ𲻿νһͨԴߣһȴԪصķԴأϵ񣬽ڵϳưԣ֮ȴƬͳߣҪԽһλ棬ӷ񻹲֪λȥ
¡һУҲ˵е⣬Ϊһϸ꣬ǹȵÿһ䣬ȫΪεγɵģЩǹȵκһλʱȻû˶ʧ𽥵׳
ǹڵ֮Դ
ӷѾ֪ڸʲôˣṆ̀һ֮ķַ䵽Ǵ½ϣȻӵǿԽǹڵ֮Դȫȥͬһûеߵж֮Դն١
ӷɲô׾͵óˣ֮ԴѵҾͲڣͿǸҵĲ񷶦
üĴһ񷶦ʱ
ڰ֮зһЦǹڵεε꣬Ѿ仯Ϊһÿһڣž޴֮Դղųֵıȫεεսȥˡ
ɣԹԵΪðɣӽ󣬷½һˣĵ֡
ν֮ӣҰĻ治һĴ󣬵⻰֪ɲһӷƶϵĵӣҪŻڳԽƶϣΪǴ½϶һ޶Ĵڣõĵһǿߣ
ɾ֮е֮ԴҪ̸֮ʱͻȻһ紵ֿҲ֪ʲôطģҲ˵ûκηģʱ֮䣬ǹڣγһС͵磬Ще򣬾Ȼûٳˣһת򣬳ȥ
ô£
һȫʧһʧ壬Ҳȫʧˣǣʱȫ˹ȥ

ĵһӣ¡һƥѾ˵ϡ
ǼԼͬ鱻ɱȫ˾޴ǽ
ǹȣǽڻصţҲǣ˵Ⱥ
Ͽȵߣһֻֻͷ֣һ˫˫ɫ۾ȫĶǽǲͣ𣬴һ𣬾񲻻ֹͣһ㡣
Ⱥ׺ݵģͬʱҲΪŽģһȺǼһ𣬾׺ݵޣҲ˿ȴΪҫս㣬սһ̣սǵĵٹǿҲġ
ɱǣȺ˵ĸ֮ģ£鷳ˡ
Ҫزصģҹ
԰ޱȵὫЩǷʱѾ֪ǹڣԼеڶڣ˵ڶˣͬԼ֮ǹȵģԼ֮ǰ֪Լǲ֪ܲġ
øǱֶΣڣҲŷ֡
һָһǰӷ֮أ˿
û뵽ôּˡ
ӷҲزȥˣѾˣôͳͳսһɡ
򣡾Ȼ㣡
ôǲǺܳԾҲôԾǹֲǼҿģȻҲ
ܣǹȵڣҵ֮⣬ûҵˡҲ˵Ǹҽġ
ȻôΪʲôڲŷǸأ̫Ϊˣ̫ˣ
ҵΪǣĸȻǰǹˣҲûˣɱ㣬Ҳʡ˲ʱ䡣
Ҫַ֣㡣֮䣬ˣ۶˾͵ڰˡ
ƾ㣬Ҳɱҡ
ŭģʦֻʦܣ
֪
Ѿˣɱ
ӷ翪ʼˣҲǳӷֺϷѽ㵽ǿҲûá뵱ʱ̨¼ʱӷһޣǸʱĳӷͲܻ޵Ķ֣ȴԼˣǿ
һˣʵǿʱ򣬳Ҫ뾡һа취ʵ֮⣬иҪһҪǱסԼûˣԺ
ò˵ӷ籾ʵ̫Զǽ˲񷶦Ҳ֪ôĽȺƵȳֵĻǳӷֵ֣֮ܵ¾˵ˣ


1665 
ȺѾϿȵ߳ǵŽᣬǵٶȣľӶҪΧģѾһˣӷ磬ͬߣǵĿУȻȻͽӷһģˣȫǵİΧС
ȫѾۼ˳ӷΧѾǹһ֮ԴӷҲо֮ԴعģҪǿ
ĳӷʥƷľ磬ۼ֮ԴóӷƷˣҲ˵һǹе֮ԴǾͿֱӵʥƷľ磬Ҫߡ
죬˫۾ۼǹȣ϶죬Ҳֻһ֮ңˣҪ߳һ˵ǰߣ˵ǽǰһУͿӷôȥƣеõˣܱˡ
֮ԴǻΧṆ̀ͬܽȫߵģӷҪһЩ֮Դȫ񷶦
Ȼ֮ԴΪ뻹ҪԼս򣬳ӷӵŲ񷶦ȥ֮ԴΪǿģֱģͿԵ۷壬Խ۷徳
Žӷ֮Դͬʱ֮սõĻҲˡ
Ҫ֣ΪΪľ̫ԶӷƴƴӮˣΪҲˣûƴӮȻɳӷҲܡ
ڣеѾӷɵĵˣڲƳӷͬʱҲסͿܲˡ
޴󲻶ϵǽĳӷĶĤ΢΢ʹȴһҲûеӦˣѾӷ˹ȥκһֻǡ
֮ԴΡ
ΪҲҪܲܽҵСС棬𡣡

ӷС棬γ˱㣬ͬʱҲԷǵĽ
Сôû뵽Ȼ˵ڶС档˵Ͳʲôơ
顭
޴ĳֱӴ͸ǰ·ǣǣȫը˷飬ͷųγɳֱ֮ӷ硣
ӷȻС滤壬ǿĹҲ̫⡣
񽣡ɱѡƣ
ɱУɵϱ¡һһʹǹȣȫ
û뵽һɱǿɱֵܵ
ֵסһûõģӷĵ̫࣬죬ɣֻҪҵǾͬŷһ㡣
ն
׵缯˵ϣӷ綥ס޴ѹϷİ֮һȥ
ǿĽʶһҵ޵֮ܡ
ȻҲһӷնķ֮ϣȻûķ
üһ֮ɡ
ãŴ
ɫĹ˳ӷУӷ粢ûֱ԰֮ɵĹȥԷ
ӷҪ֮ģͽǶܵǿʮ
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ƣڱսͬʱߺƣеѽŭڳӷ˵϶Ѫġ
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ǿĺ⣬ɳӷϷ֡
ǰ֮ɣ˺֮ԷһӦù˰ɡ
Ȼõ˺֮ŭķǰĺѵɱ
ϻ㵱ڸ㴵ţɱ˾ɱˣʲôôġ
ӷ绹ǴţƵģ˵ʵҪɱŭĿɲǼ׵飬ɱһףѾܲˣ
ʱȻӷɱŭģǾͬɱԼԼɲСˡ
ӷ罫֮˰֮֮ϣȻҪԺ֮ɼ԰֮֮
һ𣬷ӳȵһҪҲû̫ӷ֣Ϊ֮ӣؼ֮ԴģֱƶӵеĶȻҲ١
죬޵أ޷࡭򣬽죬ʶһ£ҵԴ
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һǹȣҪ֮ԴʲôԴӵ߾硣Լ֮ǰҲ˵ܽʲôԴӵ߾Ļ¾ƶϣҪ֣⻰νԴǿһôľ硣


1666 ջ
ӷо˾Եƣһֳǿ߶ûеƣ϶ĳǿ߲ӦеƣȴƫƫϳˣɼƣΪΪĹϵʩչԴͬСɡ
࣬ӵı仯˵һԴȴԻûֹ̬
ǹȣǣʹľۼڳӷΧȫܵ˾Ű㣬𽥵Զӷ磬ڳӷ绹ûļЩ֮Դ񷶦֮ǰѾԶˣ
η壬ֻҪλĵ֮ԴһΪǿ֮Դηģ˵ԴƬ䶼ڵģһʱգ˵һռ䣡
ѵ֮⣬ʲôռ䲻ɣռǰĴڣԴǸطģŻʹ֮Դʼη壡֮ûֻ֮ԴܴﵽЧ
鷳ˣ鷳ˣû뵽ԴȻ֮ˣҲѹ˵ֻҪܽԴӵߵľ磬ƶϣҪ֣ʣƶǿЩ˵е֮ǰҲϰĴڡ
϶ڰĳǿߣ֮ǰϰĴڣôֵ֮֮һôľ磿ȫ۷ľֻ˵Щۣ֮δһԽ϶ľ磿˵ǾԲܵѽϸ룬϶죬ֻƬеĴ˵˵Щ֮ͲƬеģǾˣ
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ıըΧֱըȻû̫߱ǿıըۼȴٵǰγһɾ޴ޱȵڲϵķű仯֮䣬Ȼ仯Ϊһͷ޴ޡ
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޴Ĺߣͷţ·ӵ޵ַ·Ǹһģʲô߾ʲôңߵĳ֣óӷоһ΢ϤĸоԼʲôطһʱ֮䣬ȴ벻
ˣ𡣵ʱʱĸоһġѵҲӵһɣѽǸޣѾǴ½Ϊǿħˣڰ֮£ʣϣĻһֻȰ޸ǿħޣ
ȲǲҲӵһû䣬ͷγһߣҪߣȥԴ
Ե֮һƴ󣬵Գӷ籾Ϊ˵ԶԶʹõˣ
ɲʱ򣬶˰ֵӡȥҪɾ޴˺С
ɱѸնڳ۵ɱУңӷ֪ڵϣɱУɱУǱģҪѧҪȽ⿪ϵĽ
ӷ粻֪ԼĿǰΪܲܽ⿪ϵĽ㣬Ҳǳ˵ģӷû㹻Ҳ޷ɱлӷġ
صʱѽɱӸһϱɣ
ųӷеĵ񽣣Ѿ޽ȷӵޱǿԼ֮ϡڣӷӣӦû޷޽ϵȫӳ
Ρ
ѽң˵һԷһ·ֻҪϵȫΪ

ӷһ£ѵ񽣸㣬ӳǰɡ
֪Լ˵ʲôҲ¸㣬Ѿ޽Ϊ񽣣ͬʱҲСʥʥʿʥҸ㣬Ҫ𣿡
ʲô
ػǴһû뵽ӷ˵ʥʿ֡
ΪǿĴ֮ףʥʿŻ˭ʥʿʥ䵽СɫС
˼Ѿ޽ǼҸҵġ
㸸ף˵㸸ʥʿ
ô𣿡
ھǿһųӷ磬ڳӷϲͣĴţӣðˡ
㣬ǡǳ۵ĶӣǡʿĻ
ڿֵӷԾˣ
Ǵ½ϣһľ֮⣬Ȼ֪Լݣ
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ѹ֣ѹǴػˣԭʥʿ۵Ķӡǳ۵Ķô֮ӣϴзĴ£ȫ֪ͨʥʿѾƽʿƭ˺ռ䣬Զˣ
Ȼ֪Ǳߵ顣
˵ϴνָǲ֮˵ĻԼ׵Ĵ֪֮ģ
㻹֪ʲô˵
˵֪Ϊ֮ӣ飬Ȼȫ֪ġҲ£Ǹûκιϵļ壬ȴзǳĹϵ
ҵļ壿˵Ǿڤ磬ǳļ磬᲻֪
֪Ϲʱڣǳң˵ǳΪʲô뿪֪֪磬ΪʲôᱻһˣЩ֪
һ£Խ֪飬˾Խ㣬ĵˡ㲻֪飬һжνʱ򣬾ֱӴ˵ģ᲻ģһжġ
ӷ֮ǰҪľصĿе֪֪飬ľ˵ڣӷɲԿˣǰڿ˵֮Ķӣ֪ģȻҪľأ֪ҪĶ࣬ԣӷζ֮ǰӷҪȼеһͳͳԼ


1667 ս˫ʿ
ӷֺѾҲûƭӷ磬ϹʱڣϹ飬ȷ֪ģȴǵ;˵ģΪ֮ӣĵȷȷи֮ͨķĴ¼ȻҲģھǴ½ھϹŵ飬͸ˣ
ô硭ŶǲӦóһӣҼ̳ˣͬСѽ㣬һġ
ӷȴһ֮ǰνһЦ˵ҿûʱϻ֪Щ£Ҳһ㶼ںģҲǹȥˣܻܲڹȥɣˣҪΪԼδǵģֻҪɱ㣬ҵδһƬѽ
Ŷ治֪Ϲųô治֪ǳңΪʲô뿪½治֪Ϊʲôᱻһ𣿡
ǳҪһط˭ܸϵߣǳҪߵʱ˭ס
ΪǳңԼҪߵ𣿵ȻҲ֪ǳңǸ޵еĴڣû˿ϵĴڣʵպ෴Ϲʱڵĳĵȷȷǵʱ½ͳߣͳʱ䣬ҲΪˣǳң߰ԸһŰ裬Ȼ֮񣬶
֮ѵԼ뿪ڤ磬֮йأ
ĻһɾҪһͿһʱˡ
֮ëߣǸҳңܰǴϼȥ
ļһһ档꣬ȣڵ뷨һģΪԼǾڤߣһߣ޼ɵ֮֡
ʲôʱðʲôˣѵ˵򣬾֮סĵطһôĵطһ磬һռ䣿
׻УӷЦʲôʲô֮ģͳͳˡ
Ǵ󻰣һڵ꣬ȣҲ˵Ļپڤ磬һսȻò˵ǳңҲǹǿģȻΪһͳߣҲʼ棬ʱϹ˳ͬʴĻͲսˣֻϧǳҵȴ粻飬Ӳʴ磬ֻƬھһֱӾΥ濪ʼһŭ֮£ʱľڤ磬һսﾡ٣
ʣ˵ʣͳߣҲ֮Ǹ
ʱľڤ磬еĵһ򣬶ʣȴҪƬд򣬶Լҵȴͬ⣬֮Լң뿪˾ڤ磬ѵǱˣʣҲԼҰܱͬʱʼ磬򣬲Ż֮Լҽ뻷һϵ飡
ѹ־Źùó˵ʱԼҵεĺܾõʱ䣬Ǻܶ˵ʱ䣬ûҵһĵطǸʱҲǸûУ
ʲôըͳͳǻԣȫԼȹҸ棬ҲҪߺûԵʵԿ֮ǰ£Źùóǲ֪ģ׸үүӦö֪
ϹҲ̫˰ɣ㵱ɵѽղ˵ǳңеһߣҲǾ˵ǳң֮Ǹʲô򣬸ʱյģǸ˵ģ˫һʱеĵһףʵǰ԰Ҫҳң̸ס
˵ûʱĳȷʵǷ򿹺⣬ΪǿǵʱĹǾͺñ֮Ĵһڣʣ޿κΡʱĳ֪ôĴ𣿡
ϻǳҵ𡣡
ȷǳҵȣΪʱʥʿΪʱġƽʿ
ʲô
ʥʿƽʿԭʥʿǸʱѾԼˣƽʿҲԼҵˣ
ôܳԾɣ벻ƽʿǰǳҰɡ
ӷܿ췴Ӧ˹ЦˣΡȲĻƽʿôͳΪҵĵˣ٣ʿڣǸʲô򣬾ͬư㡣
ƣļıǰǳңǸˡûʥʿƽʿǾڤػߣͬʱҲ˵ƬػߣͳһʥʿƽʿҪǿĴڣʥʿƽʿҲͳɸˡ
⣬ӷһֲõĸо
ͳһʥʿƽʿҪǿĴڣǸǡ
ҲѾµ˰ɣûʿʱɳڰǱڤ磬ɢڰԪأ¾ڤΪõ໥ɱͬʱڰ񣬻ͳһʿʿʥʿƽʿʥʿܣΪѪĳ֮壬ǳУ˿ԴѪڶʥʿƽʿԭͬķģȴĳһѪΪȫµĻƽʿλ񣬾Ļƽʿδ
⣬΢΢̾˿˵ϧѽʱۿҪڤˣնݳˣȴʶ벻ı
û뵽δˣһĻƽʿ͵ϮԼҵģǸĻ쵰ĲǸ֮飬ôͣӾްҹôͣδôʴ֮ܵȥģ޸˺ӾްҹӾްҹ֪еһƵģԼ͵ڤˣ
ӷ¶׹⣬˵ʿɣ
ûʿȻܿƣʼ˲ֵҵĴɱ˰ڤ磡ڣʿķĹʿʵ̫̬Ȼڱһ̣ƬеаһаѪʥʿѪͬһ֮¸꣬ŻǳҸ˫ʿľ档


1668 
ӣ֪黹ǲѽ治ţе飬ȫ֪
һͨȫ̬͵Լһ㣬˵ҿϴ֮ͨѶԾڤ磬Ϲųǳ֮Ƭ棬ͳϽҲ˵ֻҪǷƬеκһдС飬֮ȫֻ֪Ҫ֪飬ֻҪ֮ͨʶϾ֪
㻹Լһˡղ˵ЩΪ𣡡
ӷ¶ЦݣһֲмЦݣֲмЦУִżֵĿɬ
Ѿѻ˵ˣѵӷ浱ڽ²ɣͷҲģڰ֮񶼳ˣԳӷĲ²⣬֮֮ڲ񷶦ڣΪǵʱǱڤ磬Ԫأͳʿ֮ûļѣŻᱻ񷶦ģ֮񷶦ҲпԴھڤ磬ֻǳӷڻò׼Ͼ񷶦ǿԴģҲԴ磬˵񷶦Ҳϵ
ŲţѾи׼˰ɣҲĸ˵Ϲʱڵ顣
ô֪Ƭ飬ңδʱΪʲôûлصǸ򣬷ܵ޸ӾްҹȥˡǺӾްҹҳҵﻷʱųģֵһôĴڣΪʲôδһԤ֪ǲҲˣǵĻ֪ҳҵļ磬Ϊʲôں´һصڤ磿УӾްҹ
ʳһ󣬳ӷˣ
⣬һʵ̫ˣֲɵӣ֮ǰǿԼһνӣҪԼҵʧԼԼҲ֪ЩˣŻᱻԼ׳ġ
ڣӷʵ̫졢̫֪࣬Լϵƭˣ
㲻ǶЩνΪʲôôࣿ
ӷЦһӣЩ⣬ǵòˣҪԼ֪̽˽δ飬֪ʲôطģһô£ںӾްҹ飬͵Ժ˵ɣҲһʱˣ
㲻Ǻܴô㻰㶼֪һҪлл㣬㲻Щ˵һӣھ磬ߴתһҪԸģֻǽδһˡ֪ˣԭڽδı󣬻һǿģӦþղ˵ʲôʰɡ
ճģ֣ڲҡ
ϻڲ㣬ڲ˭ȥˣϻ˵һսͶʤɣҲˣҪʱ䣬£صδţҳӷ磬ָʱˡ
ӷ磿ܺã֣ҼˣҲӲɱ֮ɡ
ѪӤѡ
ѪӤӷȻҪѪӤǳӷԪҲ˵ӷҪԪϵԵ
Ѫ⣬ʱڳӷȫһѪɫĵ֡
ѪɫӤڳӷھѣͬʱӷѪУҲǿ
ӵ֮ԴҳƿȭǰҲֻ·һ
ӷҪԵеľħȥɱǴģѪӤʩչƿȭǳӷսԴ֮
ӷһʱһѾԶԶԽ˳ӷ籾ӵеԲǳӷΪӵеġ
ѵǴ˵еĳѪһȭƿȭ
ѾӷƵˣüѪѪӤľѣӷʱʩչƿȭҪǰ࣬˵һǷƶ϶ˣӷҲδؽǷ
ΪΪҳӷļ¡ɣν壬ٽ
ɫļΪѿȫӷķʱǹȵǣȫܣǹȣҪƵġ
ӷ磬֪һȭᵼôĺ𣿡
ڵңѵʲôɡٴĺҲֹɱ㣬£ɱػָ򡣡
㣬㡭
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ӷ󺰳֣ɵֻδͻȻǹȵϷߣͻȻʮӰ
ס֡
ʮӰͬʱӷ߳ǾȻѹܵǹȥˣѵǾס𣿲ܣǹȣ֮⣬û˾ס򣬽ʱԼ޷֣Ҳֵܷģ
ǣǸմġ
ӷڿɲκ飬صĺҲˣɱ£Եõˣʱ¥Ϸƶϣ鷳ͲһСˣ
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ʮˣ˸ˣһŮˣȫ˳ӷǰңʮˣȻǳӷģÿһ˵ĶͷϣһӣϣһŻƽʯ
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ӷ֮ǰѾ¶Ŀе֪ǰʮˣƿȭģϹĹ뿪֮ǰƿȭӡǵڣһġȻѾ϶ϹŹԼȣ¶ļˣ壬ӦþԼҵˡ
ֻӷҪɱȴֹܹӷѾʼɣ¶ļ壬ͱԼң¥㵽һȥˣԣ첻Ҫ¶ļˣܻͬţǲ϶쾳磬ƿȭǰһȭ


1669 Ϲųһ
ʮǿԳӷƿȭĳƿȭȻһҲʮȫǰڣӷǿѪѹסˣʹڶʱ֮޷뿪ʮǿҪӷӲƴĻӷƿȭʮ֮ѾܵӰҲûˣ˵ӷ粻ܸʮ˾ȥǣǳӷĿ꣬ǳӷĿǰͷŵˣ

ϹʱһôĴڣ٣ǲǻңҳңһѪԴϵҲûУǣҲһ󳼵ĺᣡңЩһڰģ˵󳼵ĺᣬѾˣʱ䣬ҲϹųǿˡ
Ϊ׵ˣϴγӷʿ˵ģҲ¶ĸףˣѾȫˣվǰ棬Ҳӷһ
ԿŮϣһģȻҪԣǽ죬ͱҲˡ
ʲô
Ϊ׵һû뵽ԼŮȻڳӷǱߣҲ˵ԼļңѾӷ緢ˡ
Ϊ׵ûȥ˵¶飬Գӷ飬Ҳ·ûŮƵġ
ʮﳤգˣݼ̫ӵ¡
Ϊ׵˳ﳤֱӹ˳ӷǰľˣҲͬһʱ䣬
һĻóӷͿҲеͿˡ
֮ǰʮ˴ΪǷƶԼģû뵽ʮˣȻ˳ӷǰڳӷǰԳơֳƳӷΪ̫ӣҲ˵ʮˣϹųĳˣ
ӷȫûɢȥƿȭжԼĺܣȻʮеһҲӡƿȭҲȻģǵƿȭڳӷҵļ̳޷κε˺ԣǿӦŻ²ߵģӷ粻ܷ˾衣
ٸһס֪ϹŴļ壬ҲϹĳڣѾԱˣǲá
̫ӵ£ˣǳ壬ϹŽ֮һֱڵȴŻҵĹѾȴˣʱ䡣ڵȵ̫ӵ»ˣʣǳôܱˣôܱԼȡ
ȻûбڣǾ͸ҹɱɡ
̫ӵ£ĵˣȻǳĵˡң֪֮Ķӣؼ֮Դɵģϴȷ̫ӵ²֣ǳ壬ҲŹġ
˶٣ﳤս˵ֻ̫ӵ£˸ȴǹɱ
Ϊʲô
ΪҪɱǵĳƿȭУƿȭǻҵĲֻ֮лҵļ̳ˣ̫ӵϻѪܷӳ֮󣬷棬ܵСǹȣǴ½ľͷǿֱͨģҲ˵½֮ءһ̫ӵڴ˵طƿȭһƴ½ǲ΢Сķеǿѹֱӽ½ѹɷġ
ӷ绹ûȥЩﳤôһ˵Գӷ֪ʶһ룬˵ģôһ¡
ľǴ½ֻǰľͷֱͨ棬һ⾡ͷƻᣬѹͽ𽥵Ľģ糤ﳤ˵Ǵ½ѹɷ顣
ⳤ壬ȷûбڵģϹųĳ壬ǽҲҪģǲ뿴ųӷ֣ݻٵ
ӷȫջأһջأҲȳӷ˵ϵǵѹ֮ȻͽӴˡ
һӷ磬ƿȭѾֵסˣټʮҵļҳϹĳһ֣ͬǱ
ӷ磬ˡ֮Դ͸ˣպ󣬶һսġ
ܡ
̫ӵ£׷ˡ
ﳤֹסӷ磬ɳӷȴܣɱʱһص˵۶ǣǾͲ׶Ըˣ¥Ϸƶϣ֪ͳһӴս
ﳤһֹӷѾȥɱˣֻܿʧǹȡ
㵽ʲô˼ֹɱѵɱǲɣ
̫ӵ££һɱҪҪһãĸҪ
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̫ӵ£񣬾ѾλҲѾΣŴȫˣõĴȲܣһͷľʯը
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Ȼӷȷû˵ʯģǵ뿪ڤʱ򣬴ߵıһֱҵļţֱԶɽһڵʾڵʾľʯȴ֪ΪʲôԶ뿪˵򣬾ۣûļȥֹ
û뵽ʱӰׯ԰ľʯȻ˾Ǵ½


1670 伮
˵ʲôʯ
ӷһͷˮﳤ˵ľʯԼǴδŹⲻֳܹӷ磬Ϊڵʱ򣬾ʯһֱԶɽ˵ҵδóֱӷ뿪򣬾ʯ֣һֱ뿪˵磬棡
ﳤʮ໥һۣȻ̧ͷ֮Уʮ֮µĻ
̫ӵ£ѵʯԴһ𣿡
ӷЦһ˵Ȼһ˵㣬Ǳδģһɣйʲôѽ
ѵڤڤ֮עģ̫ӵµ֮ʯҲ磬˵ʯܸо̫ӵµŻԶ̫Ӷģ
ǳӷȵǴ½Ǿʯȵ֮ڳҵģһǼ̳ˣһǳ֮صҵļ磬Ҳʲôֵ顣
ӷ粻ʲôʯʯģѾˣõĻѾʧȥˣӷʸףﳤΪʲôҪֹԼУʲôʯ֮⣬ʲôǣʲô
Ҫ˵ȻǶᣬҲŹǵġ
Ҫ˵Ҫһһ԰ѾȻ˵
ﳤ˵Ȼ̫ӵѾˣղţҲѾϹʱڵŵĸ̫ӵ£ڣ²һɡ
ﳤôһ˵ԣղ˵ÿһ仰κٵģϹʱڵĳȷˣɲʵϣı֮£оǣʿ֮£
컯Ū˰ɣ굼ϹųܱٵʿȴΪ˳ҵļ̳ˣӷʿĻ̳ղ˵ģʿаѪ
Ҳ̫ķϻ˵飬Ͳ˵ˣ˵û˵İɡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ﳤģϸϸģղ˵ϣһĲȷĲȴǳķƻɡ
ԭϹųܱ֮󣬹ˣʱĳ̫ӣʹʣĻҳԱԦһɴķ뿪˵ʱľڤ磬ͬʱҲ˾ڤеһЩϡж֮ʯоǳϻ֮սף汦飬뱾Ϊĵ伮ı
ͬʱʿٵǰУܱ˾ſ޴ʯǾſ޴ʯûг٣ǻ˾ſС򣬾ȻΧ˰Χγ˾ǵľ棬Ҳ˵ʵľǣǱİ仯ɵġ
⣬ڵʱĳ̫ӴŻҳԱ뿪֮ĲʱЩ󽫣Աǿ߸գǵ꣬Ȼ漣ľۼһ𣬲棬֮УھǵĸΪһźɫǣźɫڳ֮ȴļһӡסˣΪļһźɫǻвãڣɫǿҵУ㱻ӡǿԸԶȥĻҳԱȡϵԤԣʱͽȥ޵ѣʱҲ˴˵꣬ΪػߣɨǱ
˳ﳤЩ֮󣬳ӷˡ
˵ľʯҵȷǲ֪үүǸˡǳҵս׸汦Ǿĵ伮
ĵ伮ǻҵĵһս׸汦黹ҪΪھĵ伮вǼԴͬʱӡʥʿƽʿоƽķ⣬ʱĹڶԿʿʱҲʿһоҲ˵伮֮ڣܴӵ伮Уҳƽʿķɣ벻ʿήڻҵĺ֮У
Դѵ׾ҪҵĴ½֮أǾĵ伮ɣʥʿƽʿоƽⷽܵõĵ伮ĻǾͿѧҰֵһֶΣδֶΣҲѧᣬ֪ôƽˡǣղ˵ֻһ룬ʱĳ̫ӣǳߵģֻһĵ伮һ伮أ
ﳤУ̾˿˵һĵ伮ҪŴȥѰˡ̫ӵ£ĿǰΪҪģȵõһĵ伮ҲǱʱ̫ߵĵ伮
ѵǱߵĵ伮Ǿʯ֮ڣղ˵ʯҪըˣǲ˵һĵ伮磿
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ﳤָһ㣬̫ӵ£ʱѾˡڵѾѣҲΪǵľѣǲŻᷢ˱仯ģΪĹϵʯŻᱻȥġϣеͽۼ𴢴Ĵʯͷųǰ뱾伮Ҫڵһʱ䣬뱾伮õ֣ǣҲҪ½磬ըֹ֣Ȼһܹĵ伮ġ


1671 Գ֮
ԭʱԶɽóľĵ伮һֱͷھʯ֮ڣʱ򣬾ĵ伮ȻǷھʯڣžʯ棬ǳҵİ뱾ĵ伮ȻҲ뿪˳Զɽ֮֡
ǰʱ飬ڳӷ絽֮ǰʯһˣĽ֮ڣŻᵼµʱңξٴԼҵĽ˵ģﳤʮôҲΪҪʯȻ֮ʯһδӾǴ½棬ﳤʮҲûȥ鷳ˡ
Ǵǵĳѣ˵ǴеѾˣǣס˾ʯʯðһ𣬼ըھʯڵİ뱾伮Ҳͼˣ
֮ǰ޸飬ӦøǴǻ߾ʯûκιϵȫΪ񷶦Ĺϵе֮лȫѣΪӷͷųһ½Żڵоټϳӷ֮ǰεͷţڣڵ꣬ѾԿ϶ϹŻҵļ̳ˣѾص磬Ҳǵȴˣ
һеһУһ𰸣ȫ⿪ˣֻӷ֮ǰĲ²⣬ӲͬҵеˣȻĴѾˣǳӷҲûҪȥ
ڴػһƺţھǴ½ĴԣӦҲϹЩս֮ǰһ̴ĳģҲһֵȴ԰գڵ棬ǶԳӷĳƺ͸ײˣղųﳤղ˵Ϲ̫Ӵ뿪ʱľڤʱһϡеĶЩǵЩ޵ȣڵʱܱ䣬˳ңЩ߻쵽һΪȥЩ޾ԸʶĳΪߵİ£˵ǽǵݣҵĳﲻȥЩߵͬ飬ʵе㲻ѽ
ȻϹŴ뱾伮򣬸δ飬ҲѾˣȵõǰ뱾伮֮󣬳ﳤǣӦܽŴδȫԼ
Ȼ伮ھʯ֮ڣʯڴ½֮⣬֮УҪԴǵƽ⿪Ҳ˵ӷɳ½ȥУлõ뱾伮ǰ뱾伮֮ڵģžʯը֪ᱻʲôطȥ
ǻҲǾʯѾԽԽǿˣͺñһС͵̫Ǵ½š
̫ӵ£ʱѾˣڵΪͿˡʮͺ½
ӷʵǸղ˵ʯը뱾伮֣ᾪļһ
ûΪЩԳ֮ļһ֪ھĵ伮ڼصĶΪ޷϶ʥʿʿڳһ֮УˣɱڵǸ磬伮ˣ
ȻˣǾͱԽ磬סʯը֮Ĳ֪¡
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ʮ˵ҳ½ȥĻ㹻ɣ
̫ӵ·ģǳռȴô꣬ôˣΪģǵȴ̫ӵ»½̫ӵµõ伮ġ
ǵãԼ½ˣֻҪ𽫱ըĲס飬ǾͲùˡ
ﳤʮ໥һۣӷе㲻ԼֶΣЦҪܲܳ½Ұ첻飬ǲ˵ڵġ
ĹʥʿηĽɫ̫ӵʿĻ˫ʿ̫ӵ޷ȥʿţһ̫ӵԱĵưɣ
ӷҲϻ˵ˣ׼ɣͳ½
䣬ӷǰʱ񽣳˳ӷǰ
ӷ罫һӣ֮䣬ޱȾ޴
ӷվ˾޴ĵ֮ϣʱʩչ˴Ӳ񷶦õһԴԴóӷûʥǰͿΣ
ѵǴ˵еʥ𣡡
ﳤտųӷԦŵ񽣣Ѫɫ⳯ϷȥǹһеѹԵļΪԾ
磬û뵽Ȼʥ̫ӵ¡ʥʿʥǿĵˣҲӦˡ
ˣʥǿ󣬿űΪĻͲܷӵĳʥ̫ӵҪģֻǵ伮ǸϽý磬ʮ˵Ϊ̫ӵסᱬըĲɡס˿ʧ󣬷򣬺ǳ壬е𡣡
ﳤʮ˷Ϊʮվ˴½һʹǵ壬ǹȵľ޴ѹ£Ҳȥ
ڳﳤʮʱʮǿҵĹǵϷγһԲΣԲ֮ڡ
ʮãϻӡǡ
ʮҲǸڷӡųƿȭŮˣ̵һӣֻһѪɫֽţڳ֡
ֽϴѹסʿֽʵֽϣһּΪǿĽ磬ϹʱڣӾĵ伮Ͽ¼ģŻӵѹסʿȻʿûȫѹӷģǰѵʿȫѵģĵ伮ѹƲס
ֽ˹Ȧ֮Уʮ־޴󣬹ȦϿճȥʮǣϾʯΧķΧȫסˡ
ӷѾ˴½˾ʯԱߣ̫ʯ̫ǿ󣬻棬ӷ֪Ҫǿٱ̫ĻһᱻճɻҽΪеһγģ
ΧһƬڰ˵ӷλǵһΣ֮УȫΪѹ̫޴󣬳ӷҲ֪ҪʲôʱŻᱬըը֮㲨˽ڣӷͬҲڽ֮ڣǴսף汦Ƚϰȫ
뵽ţӷڻһü⣬ǰӳӷڳҸ˳ӷĲͬλγһס
ڳӷ˵汦飬ѾԭĴСӷš
ȻǴȫϹĳǳӷĻӦøܵĵ⻰ҪԳѪ
ӷ綯Ѫȫ˵֮¡
μ̳ˣԳ֮λӢͷ֮ƿʯҶþĵ伮


1672 ʯ
ɢɺڹ⣬ֺڹʮֵĹ죬ͷ·㣬Ϊа
ҲԹޣ´еѾ죬ҲǵȺʿˣǲΪ˱ڵģһֻΪ˸Ҳ˵ڵ꣬Ѿܱа飬Щаʳ˴еЩа飬Ҫǿ󡢿ֲ࣡
ڣӷսףֳֵ񽣣Խǵֵ֮򣬵Щ֮ⱻӷգʿ϶ֻѹģǸʱ򣬾ǰ뱾ĵ伮֣ѹƲסʿͽʿݻ٣
ſǣͬʱɢֲͬɫĹâ˴֮ϣǾǴǵػƵģ˵ڴεһ̣Ѿסˡ
ʯĻڹ໥ײţǿĳʹĳӷ޷λԭأȥǵʹȫΪȫȫǿֵ
Ǹʯĳȴ޷ľʯըǴǵıʯˣ
ãʯڴǵ֮ϣȥǸ޷ʯġ
ڴ½Ͽղ½ĳﳤռ½֮һĻžʯԽ˴ǵǵ޷ѹסʯʣôȥʯ
磬ʯԭڴ֮ϣ֮ǰ¸ˣϾʯ֮лŰ뱾ĵ伮ߵһκ޷Խġ
⣬ȥ޷ʯʯ໥ײĲᵼ´½𣬱취ʯС
ﳤʮöǳƬ棬ûκδڣǿѹסʯ뱾ĵ伮ͬʱġȻȻǼǻǴһߵϣܶʱϣʮãģǷǰҲǷǳΣյһ¡
ҪǵԽʯǡ
磬ò롭
ռȫųﳤգﳤվϷţ֮ĳӷ硣
ӷҲѾµǵ޷ʯҲѾųʶʳﳤǸô죬ڣﳤ˵ÿһ仰ӷ綼ĺ
ΨʿǴǵԽʯ
ӷʶﳤʮõĶУ
̫ӵ£ӣΨһķˡĻʿһ֣ͻǸʱǿ޷һѹסʿġ
뵱ʱʮòһֽѹסʿˣȻҲڳӷԪѾѪӤֽҪӦѪӤõġ
̫ӵ£֮ǰ֮ǰڡ֮ǰյаǺܴʿȻҲ޵ġԵǴǣЩ鶼ǾۼԹޣһȥսףմǵаǿܾͻᵼʿȫѣһȫѵʿľĵ伮֮⣬ûκδڿѹƵסģټϹʥʿлƽʿ޷ȥѹסһ׾ѵʿġ
ʿԶԶԽ˳ӷʿ򣬶޷ѹס񲻾Ŀռ޵𣬻޵Ŀռ޵У
ҵòĵ伮ǾͲܴܽδǸ͵Ļƽʿһδ򲻹ôԿ
ѽδģǴ˵е֮еһԱδ򲻹ǽôȥBOSSʣ֮ǰǴ½ʲô̫ӣӷ綼ܻĶ֡
취ڱҪ취ڲʿ֮£ʯ
̫ӵ£ǧҪɲҲʿȫѽ
ʿѣǾͲˣԼˣԼˣԼѣԼڵϵЩֵܽãԼİˣͳͳʿĵ£
ӷЦô£ΪһƶûˡΪҵϣһʿĻҲ̫Сҳӷˡ
ʲô
λ̫ӵϣѵгʿ⣬ľ޴ɡ
ͻȻ
֮УڴǸʯĲԶɫĲʹ⣬ʹһͷųȻԸǣоʯ໥ţʹ⣬Ǵӳӷɢġ
ӷ罫սȥ汦ȫջأؿڣһУͷųȻǴ½֮Դ
⣬ڳӷüĴ𶦶֣񷶦øȫӷ˳ڳӷγѪɫƽá
ﳤʮöɵ۵ĿһĻҲ̫˼˰ɣû뵽ӷλ̫ӣȻӵ벻øʲôﳤʮòɢĲʹ⣬ؿڵĲɫУȴóﳤʮøеԾͬʱҲеķǳ⡣
ǡ
磬ֲʹô½ң½ģ·Ϲʱڣ½ȫۼ̫ӵһ֮
ûǵȷϹʱڣ½һΪԭʼѵǡ֮


1673 ľ
½Ļ֮ǵʱʿȫɢΪʲô̫ӵµϣ
ﳤʮþȵĿϷӷͷųĻѾǵаںһ
ڴ˵֮УƬ棬ɻ籬ը֮γɵģʵ˵ǴģӦ˵Ƭ棬ڻļܹ֧ܱɵģΪû㹻ȥ֧һռ䣬ôռܴҲֻʱģܿͻᱼ
硢ҲͬĵҪһ㹻ȥ֧ţ磬򣬺ܿͻ뱼ıԵֱ
Ϲʱڵľڤ磬ΪʿȫɢˣŻᵼ¾ڤһ룬ȻƬ綼ʿˣʣһ磬ôģʱ䣿
ڿʱʿûнƬȫɢǴɢһѣŻһġ
ﳤʮѾ뵽ʱʿֻɢһĻ磬ڣһĻȻڳӷϣҲ˵ʣµһ磬Ѿ֧Ų˶ˣһĻ粻λĻǴ½ͼûл֧ŵ֮£»
ѹ֮ǰᷢô飬綼ڷű仯ԭΪʧȥ˻Ĺϵ
磬˵ҲѽΪĹϵ֮ǰ緢仯ĻӦСŶԡǸղţſ
磬ǿ쿴̫ӵ³ͷų½һĻ֮⣬󡭡ʲô
һãһڣǳﳤǰδģҲδŵġ
̫ӵӵеĶ󲻵ġȫˣȶû̫ı仯飬˵УֻʲܰĵңǰŰĵڣžʶδ̫ӵֶΰɡ
磬˵Уǰܴ磬֮⣬е磬ȫģҲǰǴ֮ʾδһ磬У᲻ʲô飿
ǵ鼮أҪ磬ɲΪģʣͬ޷ȥ磬ҪһΪֻصıϱ㹻ܴ硣ʣҲǿƲסǴֻصģԴһδ֮ǴֻؾʧˣǴ䵽УҲһֱѰҴֻأҲûҵ
һôıʶƲˣʵΪǰѾԽ۷徳磬һȫµľ𣡾ĺܶǿߣҲȫµľ磬Щ˶ƲסĶҲ̫̬˰ɣ
ﳤ˵ֻһôĴû֪֪ǣֻĵطκ˶ȥģǸطȥûҲˡ
ȥûأѵǡռ䣿
ûǺռ䣡ֻأԺռģд˵Ƭ棬ڣɺռġ
򣬸Ƭ棬أ
򣬳Ƭ⣬еȫֻУֳֻ˺üˣУͳΪӴ󡣡
ԭˣӣ򣬾ǵڶƬ棬ͬӵе޴Ŀռ䡣
ˣڲ˵Щʱ̫ӵѾ˻Ի̫ӵ龰ӦÿôǵԽʯˣڣеȫͷųͳΪǿģʽ˿й伮
ﳤ˵ĻеĳӷķǳһҲû¶
û뵽Ǹ򣬾Ȼǵڶ棬ǸطͬǴڶ෽ģ֮䣬Ҳǻõľ棬ΪһƬĿռ䣬ַΪͬ
⣬ԼõĻû뵽֮Ӱ죬类Լ˲񷶦ڣǾǴ½᲻ܵ˺أģӦǲģ֮ǰøϣҪ޸½ȻûгɹӦýƬˣ㹻֧
Ȼóӷǣﳤ˵Ǹ
ֻأһԺռıռ䣬Լڵ֮
ֻؿԴ磬ƬУ˾ڤ֮⣬磬򣬰ڣȫôֻģԼĲ񷶦ҲŴѲɣ񷶦Ǵֻأ
ӷ񷶦ǲǴֻʱǵȫ˾ʯ֮ϣʯȫѹסˡ
ͻȻ
ʯðĻӵǿ֮ǰҲѽʮ͡
ӷõһգһνս׸ϣ˵˽ıԵ
Ҫըˣ
ӷ羪ĵĵȴţȴʯıըҲȴ뱾ĵ伮ĳ֡
ɾʱǴǸʯмλãһڹ⣬һ㲻ڴǵĺڹ⣬ǵڹ⣬ٵγһӣСӷոջز񷶦Ļٴһʹ⻷ǺɫӸ
ʲô
ӷ绰䣬Ȼ䣬¡һʯ˾ҵıը
ھʯձըǿźɫӣҲը˿ͷųʹ⻷ʧӷĶߣһɭɭĴЦ
ӷ磬ˣ㲻кӹ
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ӷεɲСЦ˵ϤľصЦһ֮ǰˣû뵽Ȼʱңǻģ


1674 
ʱڴ½ײʱľƬ磬ӷͬھһ֮޳֣˲񷶦֮ڣʱľͬھļƻûгɹԼȫʬȴΪһźɫӣû뵽죬Ȼ֮Уٴν˻ˣ
ҲΪľرջ֮һεĹϵˣ֮ҲڴˣľһźɫӣһεܵõģľػԶˣӷĿǰȴ֪Ҫôܳɱľء
ľһ󣬺üθʱûͷĺúõģӷԣӷѾǼֲˣҪͻɣһΣɱһΣҪûʱ
ĿǰΪҪģľأһɫˣΧ̫ǿľչΪٴθģɴǸʯǾԵֵסġ
ӷ磬Ȳ棬Ȼֻ˹պеǻᡣ
ӷ͵ľΪһһӣжԶҹԶ
ǿԳѪģҲΪ˵ֵסʯըĲڳﳤǵĽ֮ϣټһ
ľرӷֱӳ½׹ȥҲǲ֪Լ˶õʱ䣬ӷȻˣһǸ̥
ﳤûȥģҲûʱȥģھʯը֮Χ棬ȫǿˣﳤǱʮеⲨ赲
ҲҪģΪؼʱ̣òǵĽ磬ȻͻЩһġ
ﳤջ䣬Ȼ̧ͷֻ֮ǱըУһǿҵѪͻֳ
̫ӵ£뱾ĵ伮ѾˣϽᵽ֣Ȼᱻߵģ
еĳӷʶ˳ﳤյĻսף߶ʮһҲⱬըжֱӾͳըг˽ȥ
ѽ̫ӵ£ⱬը̫ǿҪս׸汦ϣȻܵ˺ɥģ
ս׸汦ϣɲ˵飬ӷϴϣ鼱Ϊѵʱ̣ܲٴϣҪӷˡ
һ°ɡ
ӷе汦鶪ͷų⣬ӷһ£汦ҽϡ
ֻڳӷؿڣս׵ؿڣͬʱ⣬汦ֱӳ˳ӷؿڣҸؿ֮ϡ
ɹˣȻô׾ͳɹˣ
һ𣬳ӷо֮ǰҪ౶ˣ·𱻱һ޾Ŀռа㣬ǿ޷Լκε˺
ը֮УͺñһƬεĻ磬ȫҽӷֱӾͳ˽ȥ
伮ڱըмλãһѪرѪΪԲΣԲ֮ڣʲô
һǾĵ伮ˡ
ӷ粻ֱӳȥõ伮̫Σգ֪ǰ᲻иӴڵԼԼҲҪȥֱӿ񷶦伮񷶦Ǹ
ɲ񷶦Ҫȥȡ伮ģΧըһУǴɢһȫ񷶦
ҪЩʲôѽ
ӷڸ޷ȥƣҲܹңеڽ񷶦󣬾ȻΪһ壬ӷϷǵ壬ͬҪɢһ㡣
汦ʱԶսףսҲڳӷϳһѺۣЩѺ۲٣Ҫӳӷ
ս׷ʲô£
顭
ͻأսȫ䣬汦飬һڱըλãҲǻδ񷶦ĵ伮λãҵıȫΪһƵģΧҲȫۼ˹
ĳﳤǿס磬һﳤ
⣡ս׸汦飬˾ĵ伮֮󣬶Ҫһֵﵽϵľ硣
ӷʵʲôʲôѽʲôһֵ
̫ӵ£ҼмԵģÿһλ֮󣬶Ҫһε˵˽Ϊһ塣õǲǻûоȫµҲ˵ڣս׸汦Ϊһ壿
ȷȷղҲ֪ǱʶҪϣǳӷˣ֮ӷȷǲʱأϵġ
ûΣҲϹζѡ
Ǿ鷳ˣ̫ӵ£鷳ڵ伮֣պֻҵļŹеͬʱʱһµʱǾͻԶȫһֵ֮ĻͬʱµˣĹУ޷ʹġ
ӷɫʱһ䣬ûи£ѾĲ˵
ûս׻壬ǿıըУǲ·һ
ҿ
ӷһתڿҪж죬ˣûˣ


1675 ս£Ȩ
𣬾Ȼ´ҲٵĿޱǿʹĳӷͲˣ˵ǳӷ磬¾۷徳ĳǿߣҲܲ˵ģ
壬ǿγɵסˣӷһҲˣû˿ٿԣһγɵģЩԽ۷徳Ĵ֮⣬ûκˣǿ԰ѳ
ԣеĳӷ磬ֻ·һ޷ȥ񷶦޷񷶦ټ棬ûгӷĿ֮ˡ
ĳﳤʮãһĻȫţҲ֮飬֪ӷս汦ǻûһİɣ֪Ļõ伮֮УҲóӷȥģ
취̫ӵ˵˺
ﳤմһֱӾͳ棬ŸҲܲôˣԴ˵˭ʧȥǣӷ綼ֵסʣﳤֵܵס
ȴˣʱ䣬Լȴڳˣɸһ֣Ҫ˭ǽܲ˵ģ
磬ǿǸ͵ֵסģ
ЩҪС棬ҲҪȳ̫ӵ¡
С棬ﳤʮþȻҪôԼС涼ҪֻΪ˰ӷ֮
㳤ﳤʮȫС棬ܲܰӷ룬Ǹδ֪֮
ڳӷ˵ⳤھǴ½ȺԼôõʱ䣬Ҳѵ֪Ϲ֮ˣԼҲҪסǵǾˣպ󣬻õĵء
ȫȥ
ӷһ㴫˳ﳤʮõĶС
̫ӵ£ǲܵκ˺򣬽ʲôĿȥҳڣ
ǲҪɵѽ˵벻ˣʮԱԵС棬Ҳ벻˵ġһ˱Ǵɷģҵֵסǿҵʵ屻𣬵ѪӤڣǲġպǰҵָķҾͿ»ˡ
ľضѵӷ绹𣬱ˣѪӤǱȳӷ籾ǿĴڣǳӷԪϳҵѪǿ֮£סѪӤġ
ﳤʱ뵽ЩѾ̫ˣʮˣȫѾ֮ڣҪͲˣ
̫ӵ£˵ʲôѾˣһУҪǵˡ
ˣͲ
ӷ첻ΣֵסҲҪȥֵһ£ƲҲҪȥһ£򣬲Լʵᱻ𣬳ﳤʮãҲǱģ
ʥƷΪȥֵǰǿȥǿֱڳ˵Ρ
ڣʱ򣬴֮ڣȻͷųһ̹⣬Щ̹⣬ȫӷ߾ۼϸһЩ̹⣬Ȼһ꣬ΪԹ޵Ľк֮
Щʲô
磬ѵЩǴ֮ڵ꣡ǳλǰ꣬Ӫ̫ӵˡ
ûȷϹʱڵЩ̫꣬оˣҲܸɿʲôǰ֮ǰķҲ̫ӵܵκ˺ʮãʼԱС档
ˣʮˣǷˣ潫ǵС˿ÿһ˵ڣɢ˲ͬɫ⡣
ӷ̾˿ԼʱȲˣԼΧѾۼ˳ǧ꣬ӣЩ꣬ȫھۼԼֻҪڳﳤǵСȫը֮ǰԼܴ֮뿪ĻͿøʮ޸С棬˵Ҫģǳӷ磬Щ꣬ﳤʮõȫЩˡ
ҵѾȫΪһ壬ΧǿĻܽΧסɢ֮ǰҪǿ
ӷעȫסˣȻ䱬ʹĴǳһѺۣʯըҲӴ⵼³ﳤ֮ǰĽ磬ʱͱȫ߽ˣǿĲ˷ȥ
ã类ˣѾĸأϾͻ֪ߵˡ
磬ӣעģ̫ӵ¸ջǱ߾ͻֵᷢġ
ʵﳤǶˣԽ罫ȫ赲ǱߣҲѾ֪ӷص˾ڤ磬ΪδѾǱϵˣ
ʲô
ӷ˫ķǳϸڣеһսףѾ˸ı䣬ھ֮ıģҲһˣǱ仯Ϊһ·һʮֻ·
·ȫΪɫ˵һ׻ɫƤ¸Ƥ㣬ƤѥӡƤ·ǳСȵĲλȴȽСֽģƤƤЬȫɢ⣬ƤµıԻγһֻ޴Ļ룬뻹ڶһֻģֻ룬ǾڤϹųĻ±ǡ
ս׷ı֮汦飬Ҳ˸ı䣬ǵһˣһ֧ȨȣȨ֮ϣΪһγɣԲ¼⣬ľһѷĴ̵һأܲ޴𶯡
ﳤԱСͬʱѾ˱仯Ȼʮ˷ܣ˵ɹˣѾȫµ̫ӵ£ȡս£ֳȨȣͿ޴֮ˣ


1676 аʥƷ
û뵽ս׸汦Ȼôı仯ս£ͺñȵŷ޹ַװҲ˵ǵӰЩѪķװдŸ߹󣬸߹дϣ
汦飬Ѿ仯ΪһֻȨȣȨȣͷ·һ汦߸ϵĴڣ
ӷҪȥս¸Ȩȶᵽ֣˿̣ĵ伮ҲѾˣȴǵʱڳԶɽеǱ鼮Ǳ仯ΪһѪɫľʯΪ̬棬һҲûУտҲɢǿ֮⣬ӷ粢ܴӵ伮Ͽκεľ
ʥʿƽʿľƽⷽأʿľأЩǳﳤ˵𣡻ԴҲڵ伮ΪʲôʲôûУ
ҲΪֻа뱾伮ĹϵɣѵǻҪҵ뱾ʾеһ
ǵĵʱԶɽ뱾ĵ伮ʱ伮жʾģܣҪþĵ伮ʾҪİɣڣӷҪģɲȥҴ򿪵伮ķҪ뿪ջأȻصǴ½ȥ
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ӷ벻ǣʱѾ֮󣬴е꣬ȻʼĴը궼ۼһϣô꣬˵ǿһٴαըϾʯ֮ǰըı³ӷӵȫµս¸ȨȣҲδܺ˻ص½
̫ӵ£ҲҪըˣϴߣ򣬴Ǳը󣬻ޱȾ޴аģһȡˣʿֽѹ
ӷ絥һӣս¸Ȩȣг˳ӷǰӷ粻ԥֱӽս¸ˣɫս£ǻȨȣڵĳӷ磬һλʵ̫үݣǸ߹ޱȡ
ĵ伮λ
ս֮ĳӷ磬޴ΣеȨ伮һָһ⣬ֱӾ˵伮֮ϣ伮Ȼ˽ȥڱ֮ڣγһССľʯ
գϻȥ
ӷ񷶦ͬʱ֡
̫ӵ£ѾˡùǣϽȥɡ
ȻǳҳҵļҳΪҵΨһ̳ˣܽǶﲻܡģǲµġ
ӷ˫־ٹͷǿ֮Դȫӷ߾ۼ
̫ӵʲô
մ֮Դ
⣬ⲻ𣬴֮Դûյġ
ӷҲ֪֮Դû˿ȥյѽûоӹġƷһʳˣĭƨѽɳӷŲ񷶦ٴ֮ԴҲܽȻΪҪǣӷɲΪ˵ıԼȥ֮ԴģҪȳﳤʮãҪ޸ԻٵС棬ǾҪøڣҪ֮Դȥġ
ڳﳤʮļʱͻȻһʮǵڣ
ﳤˣڵС棬Ȼ֮䣬޸
ҵСô
Ҫ˵ôˣڶʣϻȥ
ҲȳﳤǶ˵ʲôӷʩչԴ
֮硣
޴磬ڳӷǰֱ֣ӳﳤʮóȥʮãֱӻصǴ½
ӷ˿Ѿˣ伮ѾõˣǵǵԼ¾Ǵ½أ
ҪתȥͻȻǺ¡¡һȫը˿ǿаۼڳӷӷĿڶǣҲڲģЩаڡ
ã
ˣһǲϵȥմǱը֮а
ӷԵļΪʹ࣬ʹ֮ڣ񷶦ڵĻȻҲˣڳӷתţһתȻʼھЩӷڵа
ȻԾаģǺ£ǻ£
ӷţͻأаȫתһѪɫӷȫԪأѪԪأҲʱ֣ЩںΪһ塣
Ѿش½ĳﳤʮã׹ǹȣλ͸оһǿֿµ֮⴫ǹС
ǹĵطǴ½ľͷ˵ܴǹȣȴ뿪ǹȣ½ĵط
ǿѵ̫ӵҪ𣿡
磬ӣǱըûγа̫ӵµѽ
Բܣе꾭ԹۻôܲΪаܣΪĹϵЩа̫ӵµڸˡ
˵̫ӵøǵᷢôı仯
̫ӵΪʥƷľ磬ҪʥƷĻ˵Ҫϰ֮⣬ҪԪءɴۼѾھ˾֮˵Ҳʮ֮һʮ֮һ˵һ𣬾𣬶ûʲô⡣
Ҳ˵̫ӵ£ֱܽϾˣ
ҲδأһлҪ̫ӵܽǵһôĳ̶ȡ
˿̣ﳤʮøųӷ
ҪԽʥƷˣ
ѾԽˣʥƷ
̫ӵ»ھǵ
ʲô̫ӵµڱ
ĴҲڰ̫ӵ¡ʥƷˣ
ȥ϶쾳磬Ӧþûʲôˣ
ԣˡãʯǱըĲʼ̫ӵˣ


1677 ͷ
ѹȵĵطͻзʯǺεǿھȻѹסˣϴǵаʼ֮ǰʯը໥ų⣬һ֮һγһڴǱ֮ϣʼΧеһС
ӷ̹ˣ뵱ʱڳӷ޷Ƶʱ򣬿˵޷Ƶʱɣһӷղ񷶦֮Դﵽһʱ䣬֮Դͻγһַɵһûס֣ӷСס
񣬳ӷٴμʶɵ
ɣʯըȻ仯Ϊ֮鷳ˣ
ո𣬴ʥƷʥƷڳӷ˵ϡ棬ҲѾǼֲˡ
ôûõĻǰ׷Ѿ
ҪϻصǴ½Уǲٴˡ
ӷ罫ȫеȫӳԴ˵ֵסֻҪԼ޷Լ
񷶦һӷҪ񷶦ϣȻӷһӷ񷶦Ҳȥġ
Уӷ绹Ļᣬһ˲񷶦Ǿĵطûˣ
񷶦ǸۼĶûͷãͷˣҲȫӷڣӷɲɵѰ·顣
ӣ񷶦ǲˣĿԼ
ƴˣȻ񷶦ܽǾԲ񷶦ϻһϸ°ɡ
á𡣡

񷡭֮
øͬʱ˳ӷͬʱΪһ壬ӷʹ˲֮ҲǽĲ񷶦˳
ǵڶΣӷڶν񷶦ʵ廽һӦףǸʱ򣬰׾þ˵ˡ֮ĸ֣ںӾްҹǰʾ¼УҲᵽ˲֮ǳӷͿԿ϶νĲ֮ǲ񷶦ʵˡ
񷶦˳ӷͷڣǿҵĲʹ⣬Щʹ⣬ǻǴ½һĻ
ΣӷνǵƾΪǿĵƣȫʩչ˳ҪӦɵҪʱӷŻóеĵơ
ڳӷǰγһֻ޴ĹޣֻӵžŸͷβǡβ
ͷޣ
׹ǹڵĳﳤմ󾪲ԣ̧ͷϿգǻð棬Ҳ˵ǾʯըγɵĹޣ
ͷޣ
ȻǾͷޣ
磬˵ͷޣϹŻҵĻ֮սʱѾˣΪʲôֻ֣ңˣ
ӷȻǳҵĴˣȻϹųĻǾͷ޼ȻϹųĻޣǾǳ֮ˣڣȻӷˣҲ̫˰ɡ
˵ܹǴ˵ڣͷ޼ȻˣǾ˵Ϲʱڣͷ޲ûǱӡ˾ʯ֮ڡ񣬾ʯըͷȻӾʯͷ˳ھͷΪʲô̫ᷴӵ£ǿǱӡ̫õĹϵΪѾϸղŴʯ࿹ּ˵þͷޣ
磬ͷ޵ͬСɣΪ̫ӵãǵʱԸ͸аˡ취̫ӵ½ͷ޸շ˰ɡ
ⲻ̫ܣͷϹ֮ףǵһιһżȻнġһޣʱңʱѣһˣˣͻ᲻һУǰ֮ء
ȻʱĹܽͷޣ̫ӵٽһΣ
˭Ҳ˵׼ڣҲﲻ̫ӵκæֻܿˡ治еĻ̫ӵ¾Ҫʿܽͷ޸
еĳӷ߿ǰޣųﳤ˵Ļ£Ҳʼ
ͷޣϹ֮ףϹųĻޡȴΪӡ꣬²ˣӣҵĽ
ȲͷӵжΣѾǳӷǧٱˣҪɲǼ򵥵顣
Ȼӷ˵ˣȻķҲˣӷ磬ͬӵһֻޣңǲ񷶦ػߡޡ
ͷޣҸһλᣬٴЧҳң֮
ӷȷԾ棬ܲ𣬾ţͷ޵ɲ֮£ԼӵͷҪޣǵʱǿĵʱȫһֻһֻңһôѽ
ɾͷ޺ӷʣͷһУ˵罣Ļ棬ֱӷ磡


1678 ޶룬϶һң
ͷ޵Ļ죬ҽȣϾʯը˭Եֵģ¾۷徳ĳǿߣҲֵס
ڵֵס֮£Ψһѡģ㣡Գӷ˵ڵϣҪ㿪ĹǳɣȲ˵Էǿеѹһʮѵ飬ʩչٶҲڵ౶
ӷܲվŲѽϵս£еȨȣ·˻ʶֻ룬ǿĻ⣬ֻ⣬ȻͷΪһġ
ͷϹųĻޣԣϹųı־Ҳǻ룬ӷս±ֻ룬ȻӵŸͷֻͬĴСҪӷ籾Ϊˡ
Ϊǿ϶ģһ˵ĳɳҪģһʼ޵ˣҲҪɳȥˣھ޵ˣҲֻܹһˡ
ĿǰλãӷΪյʥƷľ磬˵ʵȾȷǵ˵㣬ʥƷľ磬һ϶ڰĳǿߣߣܽǰľͷ޸Ļֲò˵ӷʥƷľ磬Ҳȷһģð޵о磬ƾżð޵Уһηڰвͣȥ޵еʱ棬Ӧ˵֮⣬ǳӷһ˵ˡ
ңΨһǳӷ磬ǳۣ˵ӷ粻ܵųۣҪģҲֻгӷһ
Խ϶쾳磬Խۣ£ǳӷ׷ˡ
ǣͷ޵ȷǿ˿־壬ոӷҪ㿪ϣ棬Ȼżɻ֮ĳӷڵѪӤʼ
ΪϹŵһޣޣǿģȻҵѪӤη壡
ӷ̶ѪѪѪӤѹɲѪӤе̫ѹԼԪеѹѪӤˣͬԼԪˣǿɱԼҪ鷳Ķࡣ
ѪԪأȫۼ˳ӷӷȴûнѪԪطӳȥǰʹ֣ʹ⣬ȫ˳ӷС棬ӷС棬ϻԼǰγһԲεĲʹ⾵棬ʹ⾵治ͣתţǳԽʮӷڻ
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֮УһɻһеıըΧľǣܵⱬըıȫʮλ
ѾھʧըʱҲǳķɢģ£Ϊһģӷ˾ⱬ֮£ˣⱬ̹Ӹסˣңڲͣľа
һӣӣӡ
ӷڱ̹֣ʹ⾵ֵͷ޵£ʮңʱǵȫӷɹˣΪһŨѪƣΧ˳ӷҽĽӷ壬γѪԪء
ͷ޼һɣԱһ˳ӷߡ
ӷȻתͷһӣǰĲʹ⾵ʧС棬ҲȻʧ
ͷ˫۾ųӷ磬ӷڣѾۼޱǿЩȫѪӤڵλþۼڳӷ罫ѪջʱѪӤѾû˿ηˣԾͷʱԵĺɣҲǸӤ㣬ڳӷڣӷովаڳɳı֮ǰһ롣
ӷ֪ڣǵѾȫԼɹˣΪ̫ǿҪѪӤ˵ԼȫյĻ㹻ʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣͷ޽ҵĹԼͲֵܵס
ӣ޳ʱˣͷ޸֮䣬˭ǿ
ãһȥ
ӷһ£øʱʧ
ͬʱӷһ־ٹͷ󺰵񷶦
޴ĶȻӷһָֻסˣΪʵĲ񷶦Ҫȳӷ籾˰ٱڲ񷶦֮µĳӷ磬ͬеһųһ㶼ۣӷȴСɵ壬һֻ֣Ȼ񷶦˹
ڣֱӶ˾ͷޣУɢǿҵ⣬֮Уһڹ⣬С󣬺ڹǴӲ񷶦ڳƵġ
ޣˡɣ룬ֱʥھƷ
Ϊ˴ǵӷѾӵ㹻ǿҪģһ̣Уʥ۷徳磬һɹϾ磬ֻһ֮ңˡ


1679 Σ
ڹ⣬Ӳ񷶦ڳ˳Сһ̣ȫĺڹȫ仯Ϊ˺ɫĻ棬·ǴӵԨߣһкڰ֮ϡ
ͷޣȫð˺ɫ棬޵ĺɫպþͳΪһԱȣ˫ΪޣԲͬĵط˵ͬĿռ䣬񷶦ԺռģޣȻҲԺռģͷΪڤϹųĻޣƬ֮ڵģϳӷǳҵļ̳ˣȴռ򱾿ռޣһôķ۴ѽ
ԽͷշĻӷԲỽ֮ԾĿǰѾԲǳӷܿƵˣ
໥ֻ棬ŻʯǣѾˣΧ˰򣬸Ǿ֮⣬ֻʣ³ӷһˣңӷ绹Ҫֻ޵ǿԾΪԴʥƷҲ۷ľ硣
һһ۷壬ǳӷԸÿһԴߵԸֻӷĽչ˿Ϻܶ࣬սʱʥƷľ磬Ѿʥ۷徳ˣܲ˳ʥ۷徳磬Ҫ޵ˣ޷սʤͷĻǳӷ粻޷Ҳܵ޴в
Ƭ棬·ΪղŵαըһƬȫµӷ֮䣬κεη壬ϥȫλ󽥽Ѫ֮С
໡
ͷ޷һ޴棬Χʯȫͷ˷顣
ȻԾͷʱҲʾǿǺɫĻ棬һʱ䣬ͷ޳˹ȥ
ͷǰצǰһץɫʱͷʯɫĻ棬޵ĺɫֵ
޵ļսʽʼ޸ͷޣһڹ⣬ΧųӷΧͣţҲֻгӷ磬޾ĳӷ磬ſԿ֮ĶԾһζĲ֮ͣ࣬ÿһλã˳ǧεĳײ
ûκεʽԣеģֻ֮ĴƴԾѾʮλľǣовɢ˾ֲͬɫĹâЩâû䣬ȫһ㣬ӷ˹ȥ
ӷ粻ףǵĹâΪʲôȫԼϣѵΪǵĹϵǰǣѾھ֮ϣΪ˾֮ĵʮǣҲܽͣΪʲôǻȫΧŴǡ
񣬳ӷѾȡ˴ǵǾǸоڳӷӵŴǵûȫӷΪһ壬ȫ仯ɳӷ֮ǰɻΪǵػǵġ
˳ӷڣóӷķ֣ǵȻƶŴǵԼںΪһ塣
ȫѪ䣬ѪǿҲӿޱߵ澡ͷҲѪ֮Уǽʥ۷ѽ¾۷壬ҲЧɣֱӱ鲼档
ӷڸûзԼѾͨǾΧѷ죬ٶȣһȥ
֮⣬δĺ嫴Ѿ˼ٱʱ֮ڽδѾͬ־ǧЩϵ壬Ҳȫδռ
񣬽δѾź嫴ۼص˵֮⡣
ˣʱƳˡ
ǬվڽδڽδߣǳĸŮ洣۷徳ĳǿߡ
δǴŻƽ׵΢΢𣬸Ҫ֣ͻأһ׹⣬ӵ֮˳


⣬ȫۼ˵ı㣬ȴ޷Ĵ㣬Уͷģһ£ȴͷ׷Ůӡ
Ҵ
ˣǴͷģǳӷСӵţ̡
Ỵ̂ˣǣûгӷ磬ûгԶɽûгۣһСѾͷɳҵİ׷ǧ̣ʲôá
ģͽȻҸ׵ľĴ󡣡
ֳֳߣԯޡĴδƣǳ岻ġǧҪϵȥһǵͻᱻǸԴˡֲɵϣɲ˵ģ㣬ȻδѾձȫۼ˹ѵԼһʲô𣬹֪δʲôơ
㸸׸磬ֶӣѾˣƾЩСɫѵֵ𣿡
ϻбĻɱˡ
𣿡
δͷڵ˫⣬ŭ죬ҾǳҵľĴ󡣡
ʲô
̵´󾪣δ֮ǰûжģΪһնûСɽ죬ǳԴҩİա
ӣԼߣҪ׼ˡ
ˣҪǷϻְɡ
ˣȫˣ׼򡣡
ǡ


1680 ͨ
δ˫»ƣͻأʤӵ˷⣬˹գۼ䣬Ѿۼ˽δ
ƽ׵Ľδ֮ƣľӣ޴Щ޴ħ޸˰޵ļһڣȫʱδеģۿȥϰٸ塣
ľ棬˵ʵǣǵһμһֱڵ磬û뿪ǣδй֮壬һôӣ죬Ǽʶˡ
˵ߵδսĻ㾡ǿߣδصеĹδʮ֮һڣľĴδƣδǻܽ硣
̣࣬ҳҴ󣬾پۼʮƲˡҪǵĵˣش֮⣬Ҫһ˿ˡ
Ϊ̵ңģǳ֪ԼֻʱӷӹܳҰˣԼĿǰΪŹùóѾˣŪ飬ԼҪǿĶࡣ
ʱ䶼Ѿôˣӷ뿪ʱѾһˣڻѶȫޣ˵ʵ͵Ȳˣ棬ȥѰҳӷ硣
Źùãһ⣿
ⶼʲôʱˣδѾĿǰеۼ˹˵ĴûôƣòδŮսթﻮôõʱ䣬Ҳһֿƣֻ֪ʲô
̣Źù֪ʲôôģҪȴүүǸ˵Ҫ̣һҪ̣ӷû֮ǰǾԶ˵ģ
ǻɣǸŮˣ֪ӷ䡣ܸҵĻ
졣
Ȼŭֻûһȥˡ
ӷˣҲҪصǵ֪ӷ䣬õĻǾͱùõˡ
ҶЩʲôˣһǼۣҪȥֶΣҲҪȥ˵ڵĻ
ԱߵĻѵǰס˻˵ʲô̡
̣ǵĸһģڴеǰͲҪǾŹùˡ
ѽɩڲ˵Щʱţ綼ģʱˡ
ʱ⣿
һͷƮݵİ׷˵ǰƮţḧһԼİ׷û˵ֻĵȴҪȵʲôʱͷ׷ѵҪҵȵƵ𣡡
Ůˣ䲻ͨŮˣһŮ˰һ֮ʲôȥġ
᲻̵Ŀ࣬ȴʲôҲ˵Ҳղ˵̸õȥȡӷĻһɱ̡
̾˿ĵӣˣ־ŹùãŹùҲΪ˴롣ӷ磬СӿûУΪ˵ܼ尾ܸܵһеĻ͸Ͻɣ
֪ӷʲôطӲ֪ӷھʲô֪֪ҵʱӦþͲųӷϽ˰ɣ
á
ԯͬʱ󾪣ֻоһޱǿڵ֮⿪ʼۼ
ʲô
ȻƽĴ󡣡
վ˵ǰ棬Ե˵е㣬ͷų˵ҽס
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ˣҲȫδųǵ㶥˹ȥ
˫ھĴ⿪ʼԿţߣͲǽδǱߵĶ֣ܿ죬ȫǿɢδǱߵͬһ㣬ھĴ֮ϣһСף
⣡ĴѺۣ
ȻصԵ·˫ִһӡһ׹⣬ָĳɽɽ֮Уһ⣬ֱϡ
ԶɽϼһȻû
δͷڵ˫ɢ⣬Ӵһѡ
ãˣ
´󾪣Զɽų̫δĴҲ̫ôõʱ䣬ųԶɽǱߵҲ𽥵ļڣĴȱڸϡ
ʱ򣬾ڽδЦ֮ͻȻڵԶǰʱֵľ֮ǰѺУһǿҵѪ⣬ѷг˳һѪգ֮䣬ͳ˽δǰڽδûļȱȫʱѪȻǰһǵȱڸˣͷųǿޱȵ¡һδˣȫʮλ
ܣǡӷ磡
ӷ磡
̵һӦǰѪӷ磬һӷӷˣ
ʱ֮䣬ߵˣȫ
ӷˣĻģΪʲôδȵѵӷΪѾ۷ľ磬򣬲ڽδǰ쵽ġ
ֻӷӷ磡
ͷһƬ׹⣬漴ԼϣһѪۣһѪ˰׹֮ڣʹİ׹⣬仯ΪѪ⡣
ͨ


1681 ֮ϵ
ͨһֳ֮ϵԴ֮УҪԴ߲ʹá
ǰĳԴߵżûȻˣͬ˵ǳǼǻƴţǼȫѾ̤Դ֮УȲΪĸߵͣ٣ؼʱ̣а취ϵϳӷˡ
ĽδһӣǿĽ⣬ΧѪȫסˣѪȻѾƳȱڸϣҪٻһȱڣûôףΪԶɽҲѾϵھĴ֮ϣٴθһǿ
ˣʲôҵȴδ
ʱ䣬ĶѾ˽δΪˣɼδչֳֶΣȷķ
δֹ˵ǣңҲûм
δٱһЩѪһ໥ںţܿʧˡ
ʥ۷壡
ʥ۷ѺֵڳӷȻѾʥ۷ľ硣
ǣ˵ʥ۷۷ڽδѾԽ۷ĻƽʿǰģոյȴδʮλѽǺε֮ǿ
ܣԲܣ
δ˫ƽ۾Ѿ¶⣬һֲ˼񣬵һϳ֡
ˣʥ۷ΪôܽȫʮҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ԭΪ֮ĸŮ洣ҲѾΪ˽δˣ
⣬ڳӷѵǱߣˡ
δʼѺۣѺ֮Уڲͣɢǿڽܱһֲ
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δǰһϳ֣ͬʱѺУһž޴ĳӱը塣
ôᷢ飬Ǳߵʲô˱ը
δôҲ벻ͨڤ磬ۿűʿݻһģֻʣһľڤ磬ʲôǴ˾޴ģ
ѵǵЩۼըˣ
δһ룬뵽ʱϹ֮սΨһģ˰֮⣬оǣЩۼγɵĺɫ
ѽǺɫ򣬲ǱʸӡΪʲôᡭ
ӷ磡ѵǳӷѾ⿪ǸķӡǸ˱ըŵ²鲼𣡵ҲѽǺɫӡǿҲǿ󵽱ըĲܱ鲼ȫģǣĶǺɫһը
УɴСܸȥв
δ̫⣬һӷھڤǱ߾ֵΪҲԽ϶Ļ鷳ʹˡ
ҪϵǱߣ˭֪ڵĴϣһ档
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Ů活䣬˵ͨǳѾͷϵ˳ӷ硣
ɩ쿴ǲǳ𣡡
ƴţʼ˷ܣֻӷ֮ϥΧǿıըþòɢ
ӷ硣Źùãӷˣ
ûһ䡣
Ϊʲô
Ҫ˵ϻֻк̵ܶʱӷϵͨÿζܱ֤ϵӷġ
ǳҵͨɾҲ̫Զ˵㣬һ䣬Ҫϵ鷳ʩչͨߣĴ
ţʲôֻѽ
ƴţͷڻУֻޣ໥š
Ķޣδĳ棬û뵽Ȼ¿
ӷȻ֮УҲ˵ӷΪѾһǧˣ
磬˵𣿡
ƴţ󺰣еĳӷһ㷴ӦûУֻ֮ս
ͻȻӷȫǿޱȵϷһ޴Ķڿٵת
ǡ񷶦
δе󾪣񷶦֪˵ʱѾʶǵʱʣܽⶦѽ
ܣԲܣӷСӣȻ񷶦ʵ˳ǵʣ첻飬ô쵽ġ
δôһ˵֤һ㣬񷶦ʵʱĴֻء
ˣ񷶦ʲô
Ůʵ
ӷΪ̵һŵƣҲһ޵еĵƣңҲ޷ֵס
ʲôҲֵסĶ
û񷶦ֻأԺռ֮û֪ռһôĴڣЩȥˣ˵֮⡣ǲ񷶦Ǵֻأȴ󲻵˭ӵв񷶦лư档
δ֪˳ӷܣȴûȥȡӷĲ񷶦룬첻
ˣڸô죿
𼱣Ĳ񷶦ֻǶˣûﵽűĲ񷶦вҡӷ޷òűĻͲǲ񷶦ˡ
δ˵⣬˵űô׵Ļ뵱꣬ҲΪƲסⱦƬˡ


1682 ʥ۷
ߵĵ˫ȫŵĻ棬ֻ֮սΪңɳӷı֣עġ
񷶦Ѿڳӷͷת˹ڣ˳ӷ磬ڣһǿĹ˳ӷϣһΪ⣬һΪʹ⣬Ҳ˵񷶦˻ͬʱ˳ӷϡ
⻷ڳӷͷλ²ͣƶţÿӷʱŻᷢģٴγ֣֤ӷϾҪʥ۷ľˡ
ʩչĳͨоӷӵеҲֻгһ˸оѣˣ޷ȥоӷ籾ڵġ
ǿѵǡ
߻δ˵꣬ڵĽδ˵ǲʹ⣬ѵǾڤ統һ磬ǵĻӷСھ˺ü֮֮֮һҲڳҵģȴѪǡ
˵ѵǾʯ
ʯϹų֮û뵽ʯȻǸȱ磬£ӷøˣӾްҹѵҪΪʲôΪʲôҪΪʲôҪҵˣ㵽Ϊʲô
еһУδʮ񷶦ڣҲ֪ģΨһ֪ģǺӾްҹԼΨһİˣˣȴ֪ΪʲôԭԼԼĵԸԼ
һ϶һ֮ңӣ鷳ˣ
δ̾˿ͬʱھǱߵĳӷѾڱֻޣȫֹͣսΪ߶վվ˳ӷߣͷޣվ˳ӷ棬Լ׵ľ롣
ӷΧĹâʧӷȭͷϣȴһ˿˿Ѫ磬ЩѪ磬ĳͷȥ
ৡ
ͷһͷ۾ȻӷѪУʱ֮䣬ͷ޷һ޴ŭ֮֮⣬
ӷϢһڵתͷһޣڲ֪ǱߣѾԼ߽ͨһϵߣʱԸǱϵ
ޣˣ飬ԼȻȥɡ
һʹ޻ڹ⣬˲񷶦֮ڣӷ絥һӣ񷶦Ҳʧˡ
ڣǳӷһԾͷޣ˵ӷڵΪѾʥ۷徳磬ҲǾͷ޵Ķ֣κһʥ۷徳ǿ߶ܸͷ޶ԿĻͷҲܳΪϹųĻޣ֪Ϲŵľڤ磬ʥ۷徳磬Ƿ磬ؿѽ
ӷȴǽ˺üʥ۷徳ģ˵ӷʥ۷徳磬ͺñһ϶쾳ĳǿˣԵ϶ڶĵزˣڳӷʥƷʱ򣬾ͿԸһ϶ĳǿ߶Կʥ۷壬һôĵزɾ֪ˣ
ͷޣٸһλᡣعҳңΪҳҵĻޣҿ򣬲㵱ΪϹų¹ٹͣ죬Ҳɱ㡣
໡
ͷ޴һһ㶼ӷ̫ӵʣֱӾͳ˹

һȭʮ죬Ϊʮȭֱʹ˾ͷǱѪϹһֻ۾ͷϡ
顣
һĻڵǱߵˣǹȵĳﳤãסˡ
ӷ絥һȭȻֱӴ˾ͷһֻͷҲ̫̬˰ɣ
ܣ̫ӵµ𣿸ոյʥ۷徳磬Ȼһȭͽͷ޵һֻͷ򱬣
磬ȷ̫ӵʥ۷徳磿
Ȼأ
Ҫ֪ʮ֣һһȭܴ򱬾ͷһֻͷѽ
ѽﳤʮֶ첻飬ӷһȭͰ쵽ˣ⻹ʥ۷徳
ҲҪ̫ӵΪѾԸԿ˰ɡ
ãʲôõģ
ﳤһֵǣڵʲôȴû˿ĳҲû֪
ȲܳﳤߣӷѾˣһͳ˾ͷ޵
ͷ޸оԼȻֻӷ˫ִһӡˮ˻ˮ֮ˮ

֮УȻһƬˮγһƬͷ޸Χڡ
⾲ˮͬˮһ㲨Уߣˮ
ͷޣνˮˣӷˮȥԸͷûģǣˮܿ˻ҲҪ㹻֮¡
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ͷޣԴǾŸͷҪǽľŸͷȫ򱬣ȻǲܽȫģһľһֻҪһͷڣܽͬһ֮


1683 涴
ͷ޵ķŭǾԲᱻѱˣһ㣬ӷҲеϧ
ΪãضΪɱ
ǳӷھͷΣմ챻ͷ޸ˣʱȴԼĵãǶԼһصù
Ϊոյʥ۷ľ磬ҲΧδɢȥӷҪͷ޸նɱ
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޴Ϊ㹥һȭͷ޵һͷٴδ򱬣һȭ˾ͷ޵ϡ
Ÿͷ͵ǾûܽŸͷȫ򱬣˺ǲġ
ӷ粻ͬһʱ䣬ֻͬзֿһĽͷ޸
ϾϹųĻޣʲô˶һͽĻԵϹųЩ̫û۹ˣ˸Ƥʲôޡ
ӷĶεĹһιϹһֻ۾ڶιιһͷĴ󹥻ھͷ޵ϣѾͷ˿̵ľͷޣѾʧȥ˴󲿷ֵŸ
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ǹڵĳﳤմһӷ΢΢ͷһλˣɱͿͷԼľˡ
ٸһλᣬұˣǲɱģϸǰһΪҳҵĻ֮޵Ļֻնͷһ
նͷһҲһݱհɡ
ͷһ㶼ӷĻϣ죬ӷ
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ӷ֪һ룬Ҳһ̵£ҲöʵֵģϾ϶ľ磬ƬеĴ˵磬˶׵Ļ϶ĳǿߣֵ̫Ǯˡ
ڣӷĵƶ࣬񷶦óӷõ޷ĺô
ҳҵĻޣҲΪҳ¹պս㣬ŵġȻ㱳ҳңΪһļ̳ˣҲ̫ѿ
䣬ӷڵѪѾ
̫ӵҪԡ
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ӷȻʱҪʩչƿȭⲻ֮ǰͷʱûãֻʣһͷˣܽͷ޸ɱɳӷȴʱʩչƿȭ
Ҫɱ㣬ͲҪҳƿȭ˵̫ѿ˵ƿȭһûвѿĴڣƿȭ֮£Ҳ֤ǿ󡣡
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ס֡
棬ȴǴӾǴ½ģǴӾǱߵѺдġ
棬δˣȫųӷڻеı֣ӷΪų˽δģŮ֮⣬ߣܵˣǸŽδһֱû˵ǺӾӵиӣһǰ˳ӷ磬ʹĳӷԶӾǴ½ĺӾʮѾˡ
ҪڵĳӷǺӾӵи֣Ҳֻ·һɣϾȫ϶һΪ
ס֡
֣֣Ǵ˳ӷУߵĽδˣȫˡ
˵۾ȫת˵򣬾ڵ֮ڵĳˣҲתȥ
ǡ
үү
ף
үӣ
ԶɽԶɽȻˣһֱӴ˳涴˳ӷĶС
ӷ磬ޣɱ
Զɽ˵ϣ˭ˣе﷢ëǽδڳЩˣòĴָ
һžۣۣɲ˶ʸȥġ
ԶɽȻûǾͳһսɣڵͷڹꡣ
Ĵ󺰵
ҵͽûʸϷ˵ģҲҪļȻʰģˣѾϷˡ
ӷܻ˰ɡ
Ϸûʱ˵ϻ
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ھǴ½ߵĳӷҲһϤ˵У
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úӣǳҵĺöСһˣ
ʱѺۣҲǳ涴ı㣬һ棬ĳͨڸӷ߽ͨˡ
ŻеһĻһԼϤˣһԼĵˣӷڸе˷ܵͬʱǷŭ
δ
ӷ硣
ɱ㡣
˼ڣز
ţöã㣬򣬶Ҫ𡣡
ŶӣѾ֪еһС
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Ȼˣҵ㣬ȸļģΪҿɲұֵ֤ܼܲ


1684 һ
ӷ磬ʲôطΪʲô
̵˿Żеĳӷ磬ͬʱӷҲʮּĿŻеˡԼˣԼİˣԼֵܽãԼѣͳͳʾԼǰ
Ǵ½Ѿһˣʱڣӷ֪ĶҲǳ࣬˵һӾްҹû֮⣬ʣµľֻв񷶦ˣɾǲ񷶦ӷѾ˽ģҪȽ˵ɣһΪӴĴڣҲ˵δγɵ
ȻӴBOSSѾˣʲôЩôδڳӷûǰô£Ϊӷ˸ߵ׷ɱʣһУҪ۷ܰĵ
Խ۷壬Ҳֻ۷Ŀʼ֮䣬ܲû̫ĸĤһСľ룬ҪҵһС;ĿӷԼˣߣһѾԽ۷徳ı̬ǿߣ¸߳ӷ硣
ۣѾ̫ˣںռ䣬˵ڽռʱһʱ䣬֮꣬ڣδ԰쵽Ҫ飬ǳҲˣ첻ǵ۹֮һеһУƬ棬ʲô̫ӣ֮ģΪ۽꣡
Źùạ̃Сѣţǣ𣿡
ֻʣһͷľͷޣѾ޷ӷκвˣҪɱʱֻ̧顣
磬ǴҶܺáڸϽɡߵҲˣȻʱܺãȴұ֤ԺҲѽ
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ӷһ䣬ŵĺ嫴ŵǲâǿ󷨣󷨣Լ֮⣬Լүү֮⣬۵ܰĵˡ
үү𣿡
ڲɵʱ򣬳ӷ뽫ԼھǴ½֪һУȫ߳Զɽ
ӷ磬үүڣүүںܺãֻҪ֧סĴʹˣеѡҲҪκεĸүүţһ֧ŵġ
ӷͷųʶԼҵ飬ܶˣǲ֪ģӷֻʶ߳Զɽ
һĹֻԶɽһʮֳԾĸ̾ԭеһУġ
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һ룬ӷǳһļ̳ˣ˵ףڳӷ֮ϣڣںռ䣬Ϊǳӷĳձӷ绹ǳˣͷϹųĻޣܸϵһϵһĿռ䣬һΪȻϵ˳ԶɽǱȥˡ
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ӷ翴žͷޣڵľͷ޾͸һֻС㣬ʹӷĲԶһ㶯ҲûС
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񷶦𡣡
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ӷһŭֱ֮⡣

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ʵղųӷʶԶɽ˵飬Ҳˣǳһӷַô˾ڤ飬飬ͬʱҲĸЦѵ¡
ЦѣʱΪ˻ӷѾˣ
Ӿ㣬ҪǸӵ
ʱŭڣֹŹùãʲô
ÿҪȥɱǸӡ
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ᱨģڡŹùãһ£ҴӦ㣬һ꣬Ҿͻġ
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ˣȻ֮¡Ů派ǿǴӶʤ֮⴫ġ
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ˣȫˣΪߣɱ
δûȥǣתȥֻǿ⣬Լ˹
̫ӣû뵽ȻƬˣ


1685 񷶦й©
ʤ֮ǧ֮࣬˿̣ȴһǿϼţ⣬Ѿ˽δǰӰͻֻ֣ɺףһΧͣɶţ⻷˸
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һĻĳĸĴȫȻ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ֪Ů洿۷徳ĳǿߣ嫴֮ڣŮ洸⣬ûһ۷徳ĴڣҲֻΪδ㹻Ľɽ
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֮ĶԼûֱ֣ӽƬһ㸸׻ᷴڡ
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ȷδǰźӾްҹóҰô飬ĳ˵δҪշҵġ
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̫ӣȻ֪ӷھڤ磬Ӧò֪ĳӷ磬ɲǸеСӡΪȻոʥ۷ľ磬ҿʥ۷徳磬Ը϶
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ȲܽδΪЩʲôʿɲһĽɫһ޴BOSSּһһδδȴҲںԼô˵ڽδӦһЩĶ꣬δδһͷ
ûҪ˵ŵĻʹ۱Ƭ棬ֻأǲǾľڤ硣

̫ޱ䣬˵֪֮ǰӦóСӣ
̫ӣ⻰ʲô˼ѵɣ
һңԼȥԸȥܡ񣬼Ȼֻ䵽˳СӵһűĻǾͽΪˣҸڣĵ֡
㸸׵궼ֻƵڰ˱䣬޷ͻƵھű䣬ãһСӣܰĵ𣿡
⵹ʵҸʶ첻飬û˰ĵˡˣδƬ棬Ҳֻˣ飬ҲܣҲõһƻ¡ǡ
˵̫꣬ȥδĳһǷ򣬱洴ֻصȥˣ
ʱǰʵˣ˭
ˣ񡣡
ѵǴ˵е֮񣿡
ûңе̫ӣĸף֮еͳߣ֮Ϊʡ


1686 ﳤյĵ
̫ӵ£ϲˣΪʥ۷徳磬һܳΪǿˡ
϶һӭ˷ǹȵĳӷ磬ӷڽͷ񷶦޿֮ǱߵϵҲѾжˣӷ֪Ǳ߲ԼϵĻԼϵȥģҪַϵҪĴģһϵһΣѾܲˣ
ɼȻѾȫˣδĺ嫴޷룬ӷҲ̫ĵģΪҪģǴǴ½ߵ飬ߵе˸ܣǴ½ɱػȽδ
ܶ鲢˵Ҫܽд½ߵǿߣֻҪӷΪٽһͺϣҪܽδǳǳӷΪڶʱ֮ڳԽ϶ľ磬򣬾Ҫҵ뱾ĵ伮֪ƽƽʿķܳ׽δܡ
뱾ĵ伮Ծǰ׾˵Ϲ֮ءΪ׾˵Ϲ֮УŴ½Դھĵ伮Уд½ԴԴڡ
ҪϾŴҵ뱾伮˵ھŴУŰ뱾伮䡣
ĳӷѾӵİˣ⼸ѣҲѾ˾Ǵ½ֻھ⼸û֮ǰǲֵġ
ң̫ܣľǴ½ֻǰһȱҲʮ־޴ģҪôһѰˣͬ㣬㣬ӷ֪ԼֻǵȴˣŻԵһ⼸ߣһֵġ
ﳤտȥأ³ӷΪô̵ʱڣʥƷʥ۷ľ磬ҲһҲģһҲںӡ
ڱ˶ԣӷΪȷûʲôÿĵģеģֻĽʼӺޡϹųһǳҵĳӣȴʱ䣬ֻΪ˳ӷĵ񲻵ҵ˳ӷ磬ӷֶλ˵ǿ˵һǳ飬ˣյĽɽγָܻ
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̫ӣ˵Ϊȷһֵÿĵ飬򣬸½ϵЩ˵ҲǼǳͷʹ顣ڣ̫ǿ󣬽̫ˡ
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磬ܲ˵һ㣬˵һˣ
ﳤûм˵ȥֻǿųӷ硣
ӷ΢΢˵ͷ˵˼˵ҰսٶΪպҪԴͻԽԽ磬ˣǸʱȥȴѾ޷㹻Դˣ
û˵̫ӵ£ڵºǵģΪֻĳһ̶ȣҲȥˡ磬ѾƬˣȻѾһ룬ô˵еĵһ磬ӵеԴΪǿġ綼޷Ļ벻ʲôԴ̫ӵգ
ӷһЦڳﳤյĵģȻеģǳﳤղ֪񷶦ãк֣ܶһֱ֣Ӵ֮ԴҲνΪԴֱӴԴֶΣѵӷ绹Ƭ涼㲻Լ
㲻õģȻҵİ취ġ
ﳤտųӷŵʵѵǡֻأ
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1687 ɽ
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ھǴ½ͷһһǹȣط֮⣬ھǴ½ϣһأκ˶ÿģ⴦أǴ˵зƶĵɽˣ
ߴ˵ڷɽ۷壬һƵƵжû֪ڷƵǷֻзƶϣǻˣû֪Ϊ½û˽ɽǲȥƶǴ½½ܶˣʶһ·ƶϵǿһôĵزֻϧڷɽ£ǿĽ磬Ϊ϶ľ磬ûõƶϵ֮ͬǰǾ޷ͻ磬ɽģ֮⣬ɽһ̶ĴڣҲ˵ɽûκһ̶ĵλãǴ½˴Ϊʥɽ֮ǻ½ͣߵģͷ·ӵһ˫εĽţ˭Ҳ֪´λʲôطȴԲɽӲȺĵط˵ֻҪ˵ĵطɽͲ֣֮֮ء
죬ΪʥɽĴڣе㲻һΪڷɽĸ˺ܶϢЩϢһγһССˣɼڷɽΧֵģȫǳǿߣΪҲľ硣
¥˵ɽΪʥɽǷƶĵʲôˣ޷ģΪʲôΣҪǰ
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ھ֪ƶͻȻ´һ֮ǰ½֮йء
ʵھʵܿЦʱ½Ѿ˴½֮⣬ҲңԶ֮顣
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ӣӦò֮ǰŸ˴һɡֽĴ½˵Ǽ֮⣬㽻ֵģӦֻһˣѵֵ³˿ɣ
ԿȷǳˣǴųӷǹȣۼ֮ԴҲӷյˣ⻹ǴĻϣûóˡ
εݣںھŭĵǰԼӡ
ھҶͬţ㱻ʹѹ̫ˣֻҪ˵仰Һ¥ʱ԰㡣벻Ҫǰ˵Щеûġ

ŭĴЦһ˵˭֪˽ɽͱ𣬿ɵڣ˼ҵƤëû˵ûԿ治š
ڳӷ飬ѾˣʲôͣǸϹų
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ģȻ˵ŭӷ磬ȥŭĵĶ̣Ļ͵ڸŭĸھԼҲ˳ӷˣûɱǾԼ˴
ھ¥չڳӷǰģ֮ǰӷҲΪھ¥ôΪûӷɱҲ˵ھҲóӷû취
λȫóӷû취ڳӷֵ³˴ͬʱɽᷢʲô飬ԼҲûס


1688 Ŵ¥ۼ
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˸ˣھŭĸ¹ɽģǺھһֱ磬ǰĴ½֪ģҲͺھ¥죬Ǽȫۼ˷ƴ֮ڣü¥ܺ棬Ҳ˵˴½飬һһһȥģʵĺھ֪˵ʲôǺˣԿ϶һǣ¥ûһںھǵģǵԼһϵûУڳļ¥޲
ھʱ飬Ϊ˽ġǸͣдеô𣿡
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Ҫ֪ھǾˣȫǷƶģ׾ø֣ǿԼģ˵׾ø鵱ŸھͬĴоԵĳǿڱָĻǵ죬ΪͲǵˣɴ˿ɼʵ׾øŮ˵Ǳ֮֮ϣ
ھɲ˵ѽ뵱꣬Ǹʲô񽣣ҲĶ֣ɵڣ񽣵㶼Ӧˣǲе˵ȥˡ
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1689 ʥŮ
ƴ֮ͬ˼ɾ֮أΧƣ֮Դ֮ǿ󣬾ȻԸعȵ
عأȻȲǹȣҲ½֮ԴΪǿ֮Ȼ벻ɽĹ֮󣬾ȻҲǿ֮ԴѹŸ˵ΪԵ˵ľˣǽͯŮΪҲѽ
ڹ֮󣬳֮⣬һÿõľЩ֮ϣĲҶӣҲǹʵǸʽıһűʲôɣҲǸһؼ֮Դγɵġ֮⣬ﻹһǺܴڳҲûκεеˮȴǽɫģˮϣһЩɳЩɳȫҩ߷ļƷԭϡ
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϶죬죡
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ڣǵȷǹˣǾŸɵۡ
ӭʥŮ
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ʥŮ
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˶ȥֻһһȹŮǵǰ
ȹŮʹԼʮңһͷƮݵĺ£ų֮ˣֵ͵ĶŵʽŮ


1690 ¥ϲ
֮ڣѾڷźŵӣЩӣȫһŰɫγɵģԵʮֵƮ졣
ǰʾһȽϴҲȽرλãλһŽɫγɵģ꽵ʱֱǰǻƽλϣһˣ໥һۣ
СѾͷʲôһȻ͸ڷƶϵλϣǿɲȽɫġ
󵨡
仰ͬʱģҲ֪ŮʲôǼڷɽ˶Ľɫ˵СﳤģҲδŹŮû뵽һȻ˼ҵλϣ⵨ӣν
Ůһȹʾصʣȥ崿һֲʳ˼̻ĸоұ߾һ濴ϾȴͷųһǵɱУ˫۾Ƕ˵ĺɫһɫģֻɫǹ죬ģɺγɵģ˫ȥ֮ð΢̣̣ȻʴеһС

СѾͷȻͷųһɫĶĶ
˴ΪԾӦͻأŮһӣһǿȫ˹ȥʱ֮䣬Χ
ûĵŮһȻ͸Ҷ֣ȻҲǼ򵥵ĽɫŮ֣ԶԸԼԼһɣ̻һ̣пתŮͷųĶȫ˽ȥ
̣
Ů˵ĸ֣̣Ƿƶϵķ֮һڷƶϵģû뵽Ȼ䵽ˣҲɴ˿ɼڷƶĿеĵλҲף˵ܸߡ
ŮûнҲûʲôκ˶ԼɽϣԼĵϡ
Ѿͷ
Ҫ֣ôŮʲôˣڷɽԼ֣ǾͱҪ
ϣͯŮŮǰһվֹͬ磬ס֣ܶʥŮ񡣡
ʥŮ
Ůճ֮ǰŮ˵֣˵˾еˣ
ʲôƨʥŮҵǰ˶֮⣬˭ҳʥߣ
Ҳѽŵʱ˭ɱ˭

Ůڿ˵ˣͬʱͯŮҲֿվŮߡ
֪˭Ҷ֣Ĳͷˡ
Ҷ㶯֣Ȼҵԭ򡣲ȻҶǶϵˣǷģȻô뿪˷ɽ󣬾͸ɡ
Ů˵⻰ԣгйڣ˹ˣԼδѾͷʲôʱˣ˵ڳˣͯŮڣҲ֪ô£ͯŮҲǵһμŮ
˼ȻҽҰ㡭

ǿŮһ֣ˣȫˣÿһ˵ηĸо
죡
ŮССͣȻͷų϶Ͳòˡ
ˣˣҶԼˣαءʥŮʲôԹǶģҲһ̤ɽҲĶϲİɡ
Ůðƺܶ£һĻ֪ٲͣһսͽƺչˣңھǼ֪ɽһȻ᲻ܵģΪ˱ȫڷĵλݣһһԸŮҲܲŮմˣϾŮΪǶҪ߳һ𣬵϶쾳磬һ֮ɲʥǰļˣһ٣ƴɽܵ˺ģ
Ů˵ͷ˵ͿڶϵϣҲ֡ɻǾ仰˷ɽΪ֮
ҲԣŮǻƽλϣͯ˵λ¥ҶɣһλöңûҪ̫ںϵķԸɡ
Ȼƶ´ҲٸŮȥ
ȫͯ˵ʵλһԭܼ򵥣ŴҲӦѾµˣйڳǵ顣
ڳ˳ǣ˳ӷ֮⣬½ʲôǿԾƶϵġ
ȻԸϷġ
磬ӦΪġһǣǲϵģϵģǳеˡɫѾȡȡ߿Ϊػߣ㣬ҸղҲѾĿе֪ˡ
û뵽ƶϾȻ֪£
ȻѾ֪ˣǽûʲôԸǸӷ磿
ҪԸӷ磬ҪǰԸʿ׼
ͯ⻰Ů֮⣬ھˣȫһ
ʲô˵ʿٱħŮʵ
ûǸνĴػߣҲ˵ĳӷ磬ʿĻʿ磬һ˵еĴ˵ʥʿƽʿû֪ʿԶԶʥʿƽʿ֮ϣһʿȫѣеһУ棬ԣѾǾ֣ȡʿ֮ǰӷ糹𣬾ʿˣҲȫѡ
ٱħŮʵҪǾ֣ʲô˼
Ǿ¥ϲеȫϲһǾͬʱͳ졣
¥Ƿֿģÿһ¥֮飬ȥ棬¥һͳ졣
û뵽ΣƶϾȻ´¥ϲҲ˵ƶѾʼɵӷˣҪһֶΣӷ
ҪǾ¥ϲΪʲôһ˹ʵ
粻ҪᣬʥŮǶڰģλطɽֻô໥֮ʶһ¶ѣû⡣ʥŮΪʲô˴ǾͲ֪ˡ
ͯŮͬʱһû˵ŮŮҲһš
һʱ䣬ŮվͬʱˣҲȫˡ
Ȼû£ôһС£Ҿˡ
Ůκ˵Ѿߵǰ˵ס£Ҫ̫ˣһ£պе鶼һ·ĻǵʱݹҲ
ⶼûӦŮ˾ҽܣסҽڷɽʥŮϵĹŵӣݸλ֮¡磬ļĵŮļʲôĻҪȫᡣ
ļ壿
תһȦʲôļ壬Լû˵
ˣλϵѾˣǵڴ֮⣬ôԼŰɡ


1691 üֵ
ƺɽһɽǰվڴˣطΪ֮ӵΣӲҽɽŴ򿪳ȥΪɽеˣʦҲǴ˵еķƶϡ
Ȼ˵һĳϷڷƶ֮£ȻΪ֮ӣȲ֮һôĴڣ٣֮ӵݣҪƶϸߵĶֻ࣬ǱƶģһѧҲǳڷƶϣһиߵԽƶϵĻǾԲüͷģӲϷڷƶ֮¡
˵ʵЩһֱѰһšһܸͨġšɲôֻܸеĳ˼֪ͨλ֮ʲôݣҲʶȥܷ֮֮ͨ򣬵ȴþõò𰸣
ҲΪڵ̫СˣԣҪ뾡һа취ԼǿȥǹȣҲΪĿģ뽫֮ǵԴӵߵľ磬ƶ϶вľ磬ǽҲһ˿ϣ
Ȼ⣬ò״ӷƶǵõ˷̣ҵǹȵڣȴڽǹȺڳӷֵ³˿һеĺôȫóӷȥˡ
ѽں޳ӷͬʱ죬ֲ֪ðһڷɽûӣԣںھȫ뿪Ƶ֮󣬶˷ƶչ֮أҪʸף
ɣ
ɽû򿪣ɽȴѾһϵ
ʱ΢΢ϹϾǵģʦ
ϷýͯŮ´Ϊʲôȥð飬ܵϷ򣿡
ƶϣڣ˵ģֻһˡ
ԥһ£֪ôʹǸ飬ȻѾֲʲô𰸶ûõ˰ɡ
ӲӲͷֱԵʦǸŮˣʲôˣ
ɽڵͯŮѾѾͷϷʮǰյһӣʮʱ䣬βǼ档
ΪʲôҴûʦ£
ɽϾ;Ÿ¥Ƿƶϵͽܣʲôʱð˵ʮͽܣĵӶ֪ȷе˵ȥ⡣
࣬е飬ǶҪ֪ġֻҪȥϷ򽻴ͺˡϹųĻѾص磬Ǵػߣ֮ǰֵõΪѾʥ۷徳硣ҪģǾһа취һֶΣˣҪСӸ飬͵ɱС˵ɡ
ƶ˵Ȼǲ뽫Ҳ˵ƶ϶ν֮ӣҲġ
Ҳʵ˫֮䣬Ǵ໥õĹϵûüֵʱҲǲôڵʱˡ
Ͼ֮ӣ֮֮ԴģܸǱ߹ͨƶϲұ֤ʱ᲻ʲôԼƲס飬£ΨһǿĴڣһ죬ܽס
ɣǷƶʮǰͿʼģңʮʱ䣬Ѿ˳ǿߣΪǼ֮ϣ½˷ƶ֮⣬ûκһ˵ıΪˡ
֪ҲʲʲôˣģǰշƶϵķԸȥ£һûãԼڷɽĵλҲҡοɱӷ磬ҲӦ顣
ǵȸˡ
ȥɣɱϹųҵʱȻ벻ĺô
뿪֮ɽ֮ڣϵ
磬ӣʲô
ҰģҰģҰġ
ڶϵ˵֣ʣȴһġ
ûСӵҰʵ̫󣬾ȻǵĵλҪҡһ£ɺ󻼡
ܣȻ֪ҰĴ󣬶вȴǵǱߣģɱ֮ӵĴǿɳе𡣡
˵ļǣʲǽ򣬽ֵ磬Ϊ˼ӣһϹųĻˣ뾡һа취þһֶν飬ȻûʲôϵɼȻô꣬ҲѾȹԼǾûҪˡδ԰쵽飬ֵΪʲôͲܰһ졣
˵δһЩΪĶʲŲġֵܣʲôûС
ڶҲǷƶеϴ󣬷ͣһ¡
磬ʮǰǵȷʲôĶûСڲͬˣˣʮǰǿҵˡ
ܣ£˵˵ΪǶܿ϶ûʲôڼǣҲΪˣʮǲŲҽչһˣʮǰҵ֮ͻ̼䱻Ĩɱ
˵£ͷǲġ磬һұȽϵġ
㵣ĵģʿ
ûʿѹʮǰõĶɾ͡
ûз飬ͲҪ롣˵ˣֻҪʿûȫѣҲҪʲôǸ壬Ǹ󻼡
ϹųһҲصĹģǣҲҲǵ䡣ѾˣֻҪˣǾͺð졣


1692 ѯ
ڷسǵ·ϣӷѾôżˣҲʱԼǣµ۶ǱĻǰ׾һϵԼģоǣһս½Ͳƽˣ
Ȼʲôطʲô磬ǰϦԶǷǳƽģǴ½Ҳһƽ֤۶Ǳһеĳﻮս׼ΪշЩССûȫշ֮ǰǲȥǵġ
ȻɵǣշЩСС飬պþͱӷ֪ˣӷ绹ڵعؽ磬һһ֧ͻӣ֧ͻӲǰǣҪƻշЩССļƻȵĴսʼʱӷҲаšνͻӣͻ𣬻ģǿԣҲҪʱʲô顣
Ǵ½ѾûκεĹٵˣⲢ·ϣûгԷס޵ĵ꣬ϾЩͨˣҲҪģôȥ㣬ϵһģҪϰ࣬ҪԼС⡣
Ǵ½磬ڴ½˱Ƚ϶࣬ΪԼΪˣȻгԷס޵ĵˡ
ӷһ뿪ǹ֮ǹ۲һ¸û˵κ飬ʲôڸͻȻϮǾͲ̫ˡ
ϵ·̣ӷﳤʮһСջ˲Ǻܶ࣬ӷ˽ջ֮ڿջڵģҲ˰ˣһ½ԴߣΪǺܸߡ
̫
ﳤո˵һ֣ӷס˵ӲǲܸĿڵĻ˵ʱҹӰɡ̫Լָôء
ӷ˵ûˣǻõ㣬ˣ̫֣㱨ǾͲֱӸԼʲôط
ǹȳ˴£ˣһ뾡һа취ҳӷ˵ģˣ۶֮¡
ﳤյ˵ͷ˵ǹӣǽһɡ
ɫҲˣ˵ʵӷڴ½ڣɳﳤǾ͸ˡǰɽĳ壬ˣ˳ﳤһųʣ飬˽١
֮ӷҪõĶ࣬Ͼһŵͼ֣ǲ·ģߵʲôط֪Լںη
һ֮󣬵Ļæһ£ﳤյ˼СˣСƣԵҲˣ棬ʱû̫Ľ
ӣ֪СŮ
ﳤڼӷ˵ŮԼߣﳤʵˣΪ֮ǰǹȣ֮æŸ·ûʱȥʣͣˣȻҪһ¡
ӷ˵ģڳǷǳãңѾǸԴˣھʱӦѾʥƷľɡ
¶ǸͨˣСǣ޷ıʵʵﳤһӣҲΪ·ǳͷʹϾ¶ǳﳤһеΨһһԶǸͨ˵Ļպôѽ
ڣӷʱˣȥʮٴˣԣ¶ǲͨˣҲûʲôϵˡ
¶Դߣôܣǰþа취޷ۼ˿Ϊʲô
ھǵ飬Ӧ֪ʵŮǾл֮ǵԣ֮λ֮Ӳֵͬʱ¶С棬ҲΪ֮ǵĹϵԶ֣ΪԴߡ
ԭԭԼŮǻ֮⻹óﳤʮóԾˣֳԾҲǺԣҲ֤ʵڳﳤǵĿУŮ֮ǲѽµûĻӷٲ֣ﳤǼҪ취ȥҸŮˣˣҪȻôóȥȴųҺ˵ĵ
ڣһжѾνˣӷѾ֣岻ɹʡ
Ѿͷ˹ӵĸѽ׵ģҲеο
ӷ˵¶飬ҵһ²Ҫ㡣
£ӷǹȵʱˣһһǳҪ飬֮ǰûʱʡ
ʱˣӷҪʸףҲڳﳤյĿУ֪Ӿްҹܡ
δˣǶ֪ɣ
ᵽδﳤվҧгݡ
ӣȻҵûδĴУδһǳҪĽɫǽδǸŮ˵ĻĹĸҲôˡ
£ǹʱѾ˵δڵʱĴսУ͵ȡ˻ƽʿѪųΪȫµĻƽʿģҪȻƽʿҲڳңңͻʿȫˣ˵ƽʿпܾǳϧǡ
ΪʥʿѪ֮壬֮ĸҲȴδȵǣ˰ɣ
ûڵ飬Ҳֻһģž˼ɡӣʲôʱɱǸ磬ֵܣһҪǸδ
Ժ飬Ȳ˵֪ģҲǽδǸŮ˵£һѾ֪ˡ֪ģǽδˡ


1693 ǳ
δˣ
ﳤʮûͬһϣΪʮһˣҪΪڣӵˣȫųӷ硣
ӣ֪ģǽδˣЩһԳ֮񣬲Ƭ棬Ƭ棬ǶԼ޵еĴڣҲǼΪײиĴڡУûκεпԵģû飬û飬ûа飬ǿΪԼҪĶȥеһУԼ޶ڣ˵򣬾㵽ڣ˽ģҲֻǵˣʵǲ֪
û飬û飬Ҳûа飬ܵ˵һضûˣҪֻ֪Ҫˣ٣ǴŸģǳĴڣ˵žۣҲǴԼ֮ĸģЩѼ飬ŲܷŹһѣҵˣ᲻һеվɱˣҲᱣסԼļˣǳҵ顣
򣬾ȻΪ鶼ûУ
볤ﳤյĻδˣȲΪʲô뿪Ƭôõʱ䣬ںӾްҹĸ飬ɲǼٵģȻڳӷ绹֪еһ֮ǰδܽӷߵȫɱ⣬ûԭֻһɣӾްҹתڳӷߡ
һӵаŮˣȴһûκθĵطҲ˵һķ۴̰ɣ۴̵ģǸԼ˶ãƾʲôܵƬưԵġ
˼δӦһ޸ԵŮˡ֪Ҳһ鶼ûУƫƫͶһݸ棬ŷݸ飬ǰ顣
飿ӣ⻰¾ͲˣҲϷѽδˣ׻˭һôĽɫ
ӷЦһ˵ʵںӾްҹصBOSSڶûֹBOSSӷ绹űߵģҪ˵Ҳ֪ôʲôط˵ֻҪԼһУںӾްҹδһУȫﳤˡ
˳ӷĽ֮󣬳ﳤʵӣ϶ûиǸӾްҹǵҸյﻷƬʱųֵģ
ʱ˵飬ڳ飬һǲȷģǹھڤһ֣ɺһ֣ӦǧȷģǳҸյﻷʱڻ۵ģȴϣǸʱ򣬺ӾްҹͻȻճͳһ˵ʱķѵĺе򣬸еȫշˡ
Ӿްҹĳ֣ҸյﻷʱΪһ壬һɺ
ӣȷһ£δͳǸʱӾʲôĳʱǲͬһʱ䣿
ǵģͬһʱ䡣׼ȷ˵ͳһģǽδΪ֪ʱĺӾްҹȥһ磬ǸһŮˣҽǸŮȢ˼ң֮󣬻ԺӾްҹ֮ͳһˣһеģȴǸŮˣҲǽδ
ЩǺӾްҹڵڶʾ¼дģӷȻ
ɾˣȻһǿŮڱһ£ǸΪʲôҪѡɱأѵΪֹǸŮ˵ɱ¾𣿡
Ӿްҹڵڶʾ¼Ҳ˵ĺΪֹδ޾ɱ¾ѡɱԳ˵һеһУӾҹˣһϵûУƫƫģܶ飬ǣϣʲôʾ¼ѽʲôѽǺӾްҹģӷǴ½ҲǺӾްҹģͷ·׼һƵģ
˵ô࣬»ǲףӵ֪ʲôȻ˵ʲôӾްҹ治֪
һںڰԪصķǺӾްҹģ֮ǰںõģ˵Ժǡ
˵⣬ӷ罫Ʒϣ֮УͻȻһڹ⣬ڹʱ֮䣬γһߣڳӷţ
ӣҿԸоⶫʮ֮ǿ󡣶ҡô£
ﳤջδ꣬ͻȻӷеĺߣѾƳ˳ӷ֣ٵģ˳ﳤյУڳﳤյȫͣţ֮䣬ǴһֹĸоƵġ
ߣǴӺӾްҹķͷųġҲ˰ɣǳһŹС
ﳤ͵ڿջڵˣȫ
£ôš
ӣʵڲף⻰ʲô˼
ᣬûб˼ֻ֤һ£ӾްҹǳһûйϵΪ㣬ӾްҹķΪ¶ã˵¶ԿǼҶ첻ģ˺ڰԪأڰԪع뵽֮ڣǼǼһöûС
ӡ
ﳤʮȫӷһ㶣ⶼôˣԼֻȷһˣбҪ
Ǹʲô
ӣǳһĹԲġ
Ҳû˵ӾްҹǳһѽǵĻһǿĴڣҲǼ¡
ѽ˵Ӿްҹǵˣȴ˳ӷüΣ˵Ǿ˳ӷüΡ˵ѵĻһУ̫˷ѽˣ
ǲ˵ˡ
ӷƣⳤһҵˣôôأ˵˵ѣбҪ
ﳤʮȫʮ˵磬ǡ
죬û˵ķݡ
ﳤյǷŭִһּɻƵġ
ӷεȹ۲ôῴʮлҪ˵⻰ȴ˵ﳤոֹסˣ
ﳤգʲôأ᲻ԼʵйأӾްҹһ᲻йϵ˵᲻ǳһˣЩӷѾ˺ܴĻɣȴ޷ȥ϶


1694 
ǣʱðӷ绹еӵģȻڶûб¶Ҳûгţһֱ壬һţᱻڵļϸʶƣϾΪӷ籾һ죬һأûȡ
ȻĶʱҲھһеϸҳֻϧûκ֪ϸ׻ʲôˣ˵ԭȰǵ֮⣬ǵÿһˣֵûɵĵطȴ޷϶һ
ս˵һ̣۶˵Ĵͻѹ˵ڵÿһˣ߲ڣ˿ķɣҪڵĴС֮⣬ҪŬΪȡڳӷ֮ǰÿһ˵Ϊܸһ¥
ȻڳһˣǱ˶ҪţҪŵģ˲ΪĶҲǣӲܻС֣ɣΪյ磬˵۶Ǳߣǰļִȫˣȼ֮𻹻ŵʱ򣬾Ѿ뿪˵۶ǣڲ֪ںηļִϸ壬Ϊֶ飬±ļӸеȨͳͳٹ죬Ҫȫɵ۶նˡ
ɵѾȫˣɾ˺ˣҲûκεɿԣͲ뿪ǵġ
죬ðűɱΣգֱӳ֮أſڣΧЩҪ֮ˣһӶû飬ֱӾ͹ſڡ
һΧܶ˵⣬ܶҲʶɵģ֪ǰˣҲȻ˽һϢ֪ͨԣԸϵʱպÿܶ˶帽Χһǿֵ
ǰǰǵļϸ͹ӷֵ磬ץ˳ǻ˳ǣŮֲ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ųЩͨ˵ĻԣǶǷǳʹɵģϸԶֵˣǺ޲ڻܵҪ֪ڣ壬ǵһ壡
ɣ
ԴȺ߳ߵǰ
һʮֵĮʱҲû˵ָ߰
Ҫӷ硣
ǼǶ֪ӷݵģ˵Ƕ֪ӷͲ͡
󵨣֣ҽе𡣡
ôҪ
ǲģʲôʱӦ﹫ӡһǲˣΪ㲻ӦҲһҪ㡣
Ҫ
ɹܲô࣬Զ˵Ҳûãֻмӷ磬ԼңлĻᡣ
ʱǴ߳һģǣɾûгӷ硣
ɣû´ĻҹӣΪҵɣ
ҵ£½Ѿ֪ˣϾǴ壬ǵ۶ǵĴ壬飬ȻķϢ½ÿһ䡣
ҼȻҾ
ǺЦһϸģҪԲ˻ֹ㣬ǳӷ翴㻹еôĻˡ
Ƚɡ
˵ˣô˵ǴСһ𳤴ģ˵ʵɽſڣҲܹⲻȥϾɱûдʹңǰһУΪļ塣
һѾͷѽͲӦȥһУֲòȥܣ
ֱ֮ʵӷأ
ڲڣʲô£ֱӸ˵ÿһˣҪ
ӷ粻ڵ£ÿһ˶˵ǳӷڣܶ飬ӷ綼ܵģÿһˣҲ
һʱ֮䣬治֪ôˣ
ʵǷң
ɿǣ˵ͷҲ֪ԼһĿʲôﶼġ
ɣӦúԼݣߣûκɰ㡣˵ˣҪȫңҲһһ顣Ե۶ǴϢȫң֮ɵ۶֮նǳ۶ǵľʮ֮Զʱ䷽ģǣҪȥ۶ǾˣЩ˵ԶԶȥ˾ġ
ȷڵĵ۶ǣ֮ǰĵ۶ҪǿٱΪļеĴȫפ˵۶ǱߣǺüеӷ粻ڣǵĻܹȥҲû̫ãͷĹԹԵĻ
ֲɵ᲻֪ＸˣǲܾȵԼҵģȥˣǵǿȫǾӣǵһʱϸϵļڶϢ˵Ҳûڵ۶ǣʮ̫ڣֻҪߵǿȫĻлġ
ֻҪܾȳҵļˣӽԸΪţԲκεķĵġ
ɵǶģ˵ʵڳӷԣɴˣһ࣬һ٣ɶ˵һɣǾ͵Ƕһѽı˫赣ԶԶǵһôˡ
ԸҪ˵ȴ˵ãҰ㡣
ʲôǣ֪ҪҪĴۣ
Ȼ֪£Ҳһ˸𣬵ʱһе
е𡣡
磬˵û£һ⣬ǳǣھֱˡ
ҪǿߣȲ˵ܻܲŻ£ûӷڵЩǿߣӦòǵİɡ
˵ãҪ룬³ɹˣǶǳ˵ĺô˵ʵɲ֮£ĳͶϣǶǳ˵ֶһߣ۶ңҲǷǳʢģһҼǳǣ½ǿ߹ǳǣֽܶǿߡ
ɾˣҲעѽ
֪Լһ˵ûõģֻˮˡ
С㣬ڣ˹֮⣬ݵλߵġ˵˵òð
ǿЦһ˵ұ͵Ľ㣬ʵǳӷ¡ô飬ҿ


1695 Ӫ
˶ǣҲ֪ǣֻĶУϾǳӷĽ㣬εļˣ˵һ仰ܴңǵЩǿߣҲΪǳӷ˼ԣڳ⣬û˰ɣ
ȻǵҪԣǰץסǵ֣˵ǣǴСһ𳤴ķϣͰһΰɡȫ˵ˣ
˵ʵǲ̫ɣȲ˵ģϴŶ飬Ǿ޷ԭ£˵ˣɵԸ˵ΰɹļ˾ȳ۶ǣҲһĹ˳ģ
ɵĿҲ޷׺ġ
ǣ˵Һ㣬ҲңǶΪ˫վͬϣûа֣֮еֻͬˡ㻻ңΪԼļ壬Ҳģ𣡡
ѽʲô磬ʲôʲô֮䣬νа֣֮νаֻǴվͬˣ㣬˵ĺվĽǶϣҾһУСǱǣԼҵĵסһ𣬿˵֣ΪʲôΪңΪ۶
ͬˣ۶ǣҲǰĵ۶ˣһеһУȫѾ˷츲صı仯ԼңΪ۶Ǳ仯ĹϵҪ壬ΨһϣܲĶȱȥӭˣ
̾˿Ƿɣ˵һ𳤴ģңûĻӷƸյʱѾˡ
Ǹʱɰسӷݣð͵Ļǻʱĳӷ磬ʲô˶ܽɱ
Σ͵ӷ绹㵱ʱһɡҲܱ֤ܲܳɹӵ۶ļ˾ȳ
лллл㣬ǣллҡֻҪܰҵļ˾ȳҲںġ
¶Цݣ˵ʵǻͦɵģŮ˲ǴԼ֮£һһĽɫΪ˴֣ԼŮˣټľ磬мΪӷõĻڳӷ˵绢
Ķ
СʲôԸ
ټȫǿߣ¡
С㣬Ҫˣһʱӹ
ģһ˳ең磬ıҪһûĵ۶оȳһˣӦò̫ѵ顣
ǺðɣȻ㶼˵ˣӣҲܲ
Сʱ֮󣬳֮УȫʥǿߣȫۼڴˣһˣҲˡ
ôȫйǲ͹ʲôԸ
ĶЦһ˵ҹǹʲôԸСҪҰæ
˶ǣһȻ
˵С͹ӵĽ㣬£Ӧþ͹ӵ°ɣлСֱԡ
˫ֱȭ˵λε飬ҵһϵûУֻΪһýõļ˵飬Ұæ
ŶС㣬ǲҪЩ˶֣ǵĻֱ˵ҲѾܾûˣǣеӲˣýλȵ۶˿սʱҲеա
ǽɣ˵λȸҽһ¡λҴС浽Ľãɣǵ۶ҵ
һ仰ֱûתĨǡ
Ǵ˻һڳˣиˣҲµҪ˵ʲôˣ£ȴǳѡ
ûһ˵ǵɫҲ
λҪҰʲôæﶼûңǰǰǵжԣѾˣǴҶǳǵһӣɼȻڳǣҲǳǵһӡڣѣɲӲԣǰһǰ۶ǣӪһ塣
뺣һǵľ˵С㣬Ǳ£һ仰һһüͷģ£Ȳ˵Σ֮ʣ͹ӣ֪𣿡
֪Ϊչأ׼ӭս۶ˣӭսҲȥ
Ȼ͹Ӳ֪£ҲΪѵģ
ҷģʲôµĻǳеԲ۵ҵġȻҲӦúǣǿеλ͹ʲôϵҵݣ¶˾Ļʣģǣʲôλ
ԥһ£͵׽㣬ʵ˭Ҳı䲻ˡȻ˵³ӷ粻֪ǲĲ֪أһڳˣ˭ܱ֤
Ҫʲô£ֻҪ͹һ£ǶȥġС㣬ҿ͹ӷ仰ɡ
ûгӷЩˣ˭ģ
ŭˣҲܺǣתֱӶ˵컪ɱ۶ǣˣǰս
¡һһ󾪻š
ɣСɲѽɱȥ۶ǣǾϣ˼ҵԼ֮ѽ
˵ȻڳǣǾǳǵһӣһǱˣˣû
С㣬Ϣŭлǿ𣡡
ˣǲȥԼȥˡ
ʱ˵ȥͲȥɣʵҲ̫ȥ˵ȥʲôأôĵ飬Լ֣Ҫ˵˼𡣡
Ǵ˻һ롣
ӷԼǹ˵⻰ʲô˼ѵһ̽
κ˵˵ˣ¾͵ΪֹС㣬ҵ£ǹܲˣɣɢ˰ɡ
һ¡磬£͹ǲѾ֪ˣ
ҿʲôҲû˵Ҿ͵ʲôûɣظңҸȥɡ
ȥҾȥˡ
ûѵǻ˵۶ǲɡֵȫȥ
ȥʲôȥġɵ۶ˣǸûᡣ
໥һۣ˵ϼһȥȥ
ǵ˼㻹û͵˼Ҫ̽ǵĸġ֮ǰѾѻ˵ĺˣ޷ģҲߣڲӦȥ˵ĻŲţһţǵһ
Ǿͱϻˣȥ˵۶ǣҲûʲô˵ġ
Ǽ˶Ӧˣ˵
СʲôԸ
ǣһһ䶼뿪Լĸλȥ۶ǾˣҪˣЩ˰£ԡ
û⡣
ǰһ˵ллλƴɻԶݶġ


1696 Ϲ
ӷһ·ģĵģȻϹų顣
ӳﳤʮõĿУӷ֪ھڤʱ򣬲ǳһңʮңÿһҵ൱Ӵģ໥֮ȴʮֺʱûս֮ͷ·ǳҪõھӣĸ£ĹҶᶨģʹĵʱҲǳá
ǵİҵΪƬΨһһ磬ûַʱȻȻʲôΣУֱһΣһֵķ˶޲ߣݵӹˣΣʱӦҲȻˣһεΣÿҶأһϦ֮ÿһҲʲô涼˼꣡
һֹΪصʲôûǼʱľڤ磬ǼָͬļȾ͵˵ڶεַڣǸʱĳҵƫƧУһҽ֮߳ˣԱѧҽκˣҲˣõ˵𾴣ˣǱʶеһ˼룬˼ΪʡλҽԽܵԽ࣬¸ĹϷ˱仯Ϊҽȥһ㣬ˣҪΪΪҽˣǺйҵĹһɱλҽĶƣֲ֪£ֻܶλҽ¶
ǷҽѾһϢʱһжѾˣĹҲ˻ᣬȫµˣҽΪϴμĹϵԼҲȾ˼ö֮ԽԽأԼ޷ҽʱˡ
ֻԣƭȫˣĹȴ벻ԭλҽڳ֮ǰѾǸмµˣֻû֪ˣλҽҲΪ˵ĹϵûҽĹĶӺճȴҽ£ɱ¾£ΪģǱ
ڶ̶̵ʮ֮ڣҽĶӽ磬ʮңȫˣһԼϣ˵ʱΨһһңΪ
˳ﳤյĽ֮󣬳ӷ֪ԭԼȣǸҽѽȴǸɱ¾˫Ѫȣ⻹Ǽ˼顣
ʮ֮ڣʮңң԰첻ȵһôǿ
ﳤ˵ʵڵһι֮ǰѾˣںܶͨһΪ汲ͨˣԼҲһΪûУҲ֪ôγһصѪѪ˵һι޵Դ޵еƿȭǹڵս¸飬ĵ伮棬Щ½ԴҲǵһιдȥģʿЩϹһλĸڻΪѪ֮ǰдȥġ
ԭӣһι治СѽңĳЩطеڼǰҲǸͨˡ
ͨ˱ǿߵӺܶ࣬㣬ӷ綼ȥʲôֻȻĵ伮ϴ½ԴǵһιдȥģҲ˵һιпܾ͸棬½ԴйأѪȻǵһιģǹҲ棬½Դйذɡ
˵ȽϽɣ˵һι¡
һλӣǳǻ֮ϣǻмλǿʥʿڣ˵һλġ
ҵ˼˵֮սһΡ
ӣڻҵ飬֪Ҳޡ
Ǿ˵˵ʳ°ɡ
˵ʱνǳǿΪǿģ壬һңǳ壬죬ֱڹ£նȨ
û뵽һǵʱΪӴ֮һε磬һо
ǳһʱҲһ֮£֮ˡ
ûǳ嵱ʱļǾ֮⣬ͬʱةࡣ
Ŷة࣬ǾȨˡղ˵壬ǳ֮⣬ʲô壿
˵һ壬ͱȽϵ͵ǳ쵼žһƹͬ͢ʱҲة࣬Ϊةࡣ˵͢濴ȻǾȨ󣬵͢ô˵ƹڲ飬ȨҲСеĹԱҪǵɫ£Ǹ壬Ϊľ塣ϧǣսʱľ岻֪ιʣһҹ֮ȫʧӰ٣û֪ǵ䣬ܶ˶˵ľڴս֮ǰİ㣬ȫ屻ڵʱжľڵĻ֣ܺңΧûô׵֣


1697 ǰļ
ǳڵʱν٣Ǹľĳν䶨ɽ£书أΪʲôڹؼʱ̣ľͻȻһҹʧأ
ӷڤƬ̣оϹԼһϵûУϾǸʱʱѾȫͬˣȻ飬ԼҲδؾͰ첻
Ǵ½粻ͬûνķɣ˭㹻ǿ˭ϴһŶûУƾǿʵ¸ȫˣᶼġ
ӣϹ飬ҲǳдһЩ鼮ϣǴ鼮ϿģЩϸ⣬治̫
ӷЦһͲɣҲʲô˵ģ£ճģϹţǵ£δճ
ʱм⻮ӷһ·Ǳ߱˵ģûзУҲһʱϻسǣǱµĻҪ֪ͨ׾ûһʱϵϳӷģҲֻа׾ãϵϳӷ硣
Ӻżѽ
ʮлļ⣬ΪߣƴķУɼʲô¡
ʮã˵ٹܡڸǣȵǰȥ·
ʮǼӳﳤյĻһʮӣʮǾͷˡ
ӣߴ·ˡ
ߴ·ˣ
ӷóͼʵʲôλã
ʮָŵͼϵһλãλħ֮һط˵λϡ
ӷ̾һ˵ֻˣ죬ǾѾߴ·һ·ȻһҲûսϵĻЩˣ˵оˡ
˵ļǣԺҪע㡣
ⲻܹǣҲӦǵһߣҲǵһߣߴ·ǺģִֻܷһΡ
ǣӣˣԺעġ
һ¡
ӷͣ½Ųʵħ֮䣿
ǵģӡ
ħжԶ
ӦòǺԶѾħΧˡӣǻǾ췵Ǹߵ·߰ɣħŮһǳݵĽɫһǣǾͻ鷳ˣ
ӷ˵ͷȻ׾ǰеˣħħޣǶҲǣһᱻǱ֪ġ
㷵سȥȵ˳ǣһԸ顣
ӷ绰£ͼһ̹⣬ڳӷ˵֡
ӷȻתʵʲôˣ
͹ӣּˡ
㣡
ߣħħе̷ħҲǰ׾µĵһħ
̷ħɲҪң뽫ħ壿
͹˵ЦˣǴʱڱչأ϶죬ûȥ顣
Ŷ׾ڳ죿ǸãһɹͻƣĻңܴġ
ȷ׾ܽǶڳӷİ൱ءֻôͻ
ﳤһ໥˿Ȼ˳ӷ磬ȻǳһϹˣǳӷҲûҪǣ˵ģҸ׾ãѣǵˡħħҲôġ
˵һ淢˳ͻǺ鷳ġ
͹ӣħΪ˸Ǵ㻤Ѿ˸߶Ƚ䱸У˭һǵ򣬶ɱġڱǰǣЩ·֣ûô˵ˡ
Ҫл̷ħ
С£ʲôлġһϢǿ͹лһ¡
Ŷ˵˵ʲôϢǲǹڳǵģ
Ǳ߸ոշ飬ħ߲ô֪׾ôͨҲڵһʱȫ˽ǵĶϾǱߣжС
͹ӣȫ¶֪ڸоֵ£ʮ̫£ӦҲ֪˰ɣ
ˡ
ǳҪĶȥĶӣӷв֪֮
ǺãڣͿȥʮ̫ͳͳɱˡ
ʲô˼
˼ʮ̫ǰĲԶҲħĽ紦
ܵѵʲôССǶ
ӷͻȻú˵ļ壬ħмشģòǡ
ȳӷ룬̷ħֱ˵ǰһļ壬ʮ̫Ѿշ˺ܶС壬ѾļǱߣ׼ҪˡֵǣǸļһܲ۵Ĵڣ֪ΪʲôͻȻ֣ʮ̫޷ڶʱ֮ڽļշǣʮ̫ʮˣȫۼļǱߡ
˶٣̷ħ˵͹ӣҪһ¡Σȷɱʮ̫ʱʵҪɱǣ͸ֻϰ򵥣һɱǣ֮ľսҲǰչ㣬ԼҪպãûȫ׼õ֮£Ƿʮ̫һȻԽѵһǡ
̷ħ˵ûӷڻûȫ׼øչԣʱǲҪ֦ӷҲ벻Լһ·Ȼļ壬̷ħ˵ļǱ˺֣ܶЩɾǳӷڵع֧ͻˣ
֪ǻʲôֶγӷ绹ȥһ±ȽϷģɲҪԼͻӣʲô鶼ûͱǸˣǳӷʧɾʹඣ
л̷ħҶȾơȸˣǴʺãһΪɹĻһŹϲġ
˵͹ӣԼˣȻȥˡ


1698 ̫
ļλħмλãһΪ֡ĵطȴ֣νĸ֣ʵһֲһҩֲֲıûģҪ֮ȡеľĶأ֣֮Ƕҩԭϣļڵһȫ˸֣ҲֲΪˡ
ļ壬Ǵ½ϵһС壬ҲСеɣڶҩоʮָģȲ˺ǵȶҩʦҲǴʦˡңļ壬Զҩ׬Ǯģܶ˶ǹҩļȴ׶ԱöҲһְҵˣ
֮󣬱ˣ뾡һа취þһֶΣЩССȫշļ壬ȻҲշ֮һҲΪļӪҩ⣬ڲϣԸܴİԣļ壬ƱҪµġ
ǴԶļ֣Ϊ֮ǰҪȥǹȵĹϵԲʮ̫ȥ£ʮһΪǣΪһС壬ͲҪǱ㽫ʮֿٶȣ½еСȫշȴϣļߣʮֵּ⡣
һļ壬ȻҪȫйôµģ
ԭշļ飬ɵģʮˣط
˵֮ǰļ忴̫ˣǱߵҲ١
ⲻܣѾļһжĺˣǸûʲô˲Ƚϴ֮⣬˵һǴļһУжûУȫŮˣҪշǣ׵飬ҲΪˣȥշļģû뵽һ򵥵ȴڣҪܹ㡣
ûʲô
ɵĿЦ⼸ԼʮˣȫʥĸֹȴļĽڽڰˣʣļûʲôƾԼʮʥǿߣò
Ӧ֪Щʲô˸ҡʮˣȫʥǿߣ˵Ǹļ˵ûʲôĻһҪȫʵǰɣļ岻ǳ֮࣬߼ǱǴֵضûУÿһεĽһǧˣУʥǿߡ
ôһ˵ʮ̫ԼĶ䣬ǵûãҽڵġ
˵˵ģӦ֪ѱ飬ʲô
ģ˵ÿһ仰ġУǼסҽѩ֮սʱѾˡ
ѽȻҪǾĳһɡ
ϴô£
ˣȫһ۵ӣӵͿȥҪ󣬵ȴĳӣߡֿԿĳ񲣬ǸļһֶζΪ˷񣬻Ǹͷβӣ˲飬ͳͳˣȴǳУΪʲôΪķ񲣬˲ģȻǱ벻ģƫƫˣÿһ֣͸
ļߵ£СУΪõģһûãð̣ڵûãȥҲܲɹˣҲһҪ£ҪҲԼȥ
˵˭ʰ̯ӣԼȥˣȴƫƫ¡
£𣬴ڿʼҵ
ߣҪЧɵӣ˽йȻǲһ˳еΣļ壬һҪµģԣеɣҪ۵Լͺˡ
ʮˣϴ㿹ļò£Ҳֵͷϵġ
ڼߣЩˣ߲£Ծֻû·
ߴЦһ˵ǲҪȻ˵ڵĻһ쵽һļ壬ò£Ǿֱ˰ɡ
ʲô
ϴҪˣҪģļĲֱӽˣǸͲ֪ǵĲʲôطǶµġ
񲣬ɲɵЩһҪһеŶûУȻҪ㣬Ǿʹһɣɹļ壬Լһ˵Ĺͣò£ֱļ壬˵ˣԼһ˵¡
йһ죬δһʣʮ̫У˭Ƿӣ˭ӣ


1699 
ڸ֮ڣһʮִıݣһֻɫĽɣΧɢĺɫһ֪Ǵо綾ġ
ļƽǾԲᶯöģ˼Σ죬Σ٣ļڲԵ֮£洫һ׶󣬽ļ壬ҲǸڵıݸΧ
ļ֮⣬վźܶˣٶ࣬ÿһ˶ȫؼףֲֳңÿһ˵ϣҲſֿ֣֣ɢģ˽ΧĶڡ
ףѾ˶󣬵۶ǵһʱǹġ
õմһǿ۶ǵۼʲôطǲĶֻҪе˿ͻᱻ
ķõĸףҲļμͲǺܴҲʮͷӣЩϹϰǧͣ
̾˿ķ˵û뵽ļ壬˴õ壬Ϊǻ뿪ȥĵطٷչɣ۶ӲӲĻκκôġ
ķ⻰ڵˣе㲻ˬ
ԼЩ˴Զļ壬ɶ͹µΪļļһ㶼ϣһлĻҲûУͽҪˣ̫˰ɣ
ףļ˼ʮˣڵ۶ǵ̫Ǿˣ͵ڸȫ£ļ𣡡
õѽ˵ĵ۶֮ǿ½֪ģû˶ĹǡǸһǿߣ¾ǳǵ͹ԵҲ
졣
Աߣһӷŭһķֹ̽ͣ
ķʲô˼͹ӿǿλСķϣǰļģȻмǹӣ˵ĻŲŲõɱҾȽļˣ
ŭŲһˣܶ˵ﶼǴڵģܳӷôķҲ̫ˣ˶㣬ǸˣǾӦΪ˱Լļ˸ƴˣܵôǿ󣬶˰벽ġ
õǰһֹʲô
С㣬Ȼ͹Ϊӳ㸸׸ղ˵ЩҲ̫ص˰ɡҪ֪͹ЩˣͲܹǵġ
ĵ˵λС֪ﶼܣһ¡ҸױϾûо飬һӶھ̣ͻޱ䣬˻ǵ۶ǰڣҸ׵Ȼе㵣ǵġ
ĵС㣬ǲӣҲ˵ʲôֻȥߵʿͻή͵ġ۶ǷʮѾۼǼ֮⣬ʱʱ򣬴ұҪģܽʮ̫ˡ
ķǸֻģҴС֣е
ĺ˵㣬ҿ׵ɫе㲻ãȻطϢɣ飬ͽˡ

ʱļ֮⣬
˵ʲô£
С㣬С㣬С㡣棬˴󡣡
ˣλȽղŵһߣȽ˵
ˣˡ

˵
С㣬ǵĶѾˣ
ʲô
˴ΪԾˣٶȣҲ̫˵ɡ
ķʼ˵⣬ⲻܣǵΪҲ֮䣬ļĶġ

ˣһʱٶȣ治һĿ졣
ˣѾɱˡ
ʲôʲôطˣ
Ѿſˣ
ʲôˣȻҴļңǲǻĲͷˡ
ͻȻ䣬һŮ˵洫õȫһɣס֡
ˣѾվ˴ſڣ棬Ѿ˺ܶˣЩ˲ûֻǱιȥ˶ѡ
ķſڵŮ˿˵Ѿͷˣ
Ѿͷ
ļ壬ֻѾͷʲôˣ
С㣬λǡ
ֻһȹŮ˽ŮͲʮңףԵĴ˶
λ벻Ҫţ
ļҵĵĸŮ
ѽļС壬Ҳ̫С˶ֻ˵ļһУŮʲôʱðĸˣ
κѯʣĺʵã㲻ôܻˣ
㣬˵۶ļҵ⣬¼£ϸϻˡû뵽桭
ãˣ˶ǵġ
Ŷǻûֻ֣ǰǴζѡ
ѹֿ֮ļĶԭļˣǱˣǹڳû˿Եֵסأ


1700 غ
ļһģŮƽȴڼң꿪ʼ͸ķһǿһ㶼һһμҵġǿûзļ壬һ棬ԣû֪ĴڣļˣҲ֪λСΪһôľ磬ļڲĴţΪԶԶ֮ϡ
ڣ˵ļһȫۼˣõǴҲԸʮ̫⣬Ͼ۶ǱߵΪһļȫܹ˵һļҪ۶˵ĻʣʱʲôȥǴ
ףڻ·һڸ⣬Ǿǵ۶ǵ˰ɣ
ķ˵ͷһ̾Σļϻˡĵ۶ˣ֮ǰĲ֪Ҫǿٱ˵Ǹһ϶ĳǿߣһǸǶϣעļ
֮˵ЩĸʿĻķȴ˵ˣ˵һɻ䶼ûС
ΪŮĽãȻ֪Լĸһôˣƽʱֻ⣬ҲǱȽСģκ˽ӣڣô飬ȻǷŲˡ
ļûõôķҪֱӽеͶˣ
ףõģǰʲôڻʲô۶ǵˣŮӦɡ
һ仰ǵڳܶ˲ˬ
ȸٱǸʥƷǿߣڣûпΪһôľ磬ȸٱΪߣǾֻֿܣһһΪûУڶΪԶԶԼ֮ϣԣԼΪǿġǣȸٱѾǸʥƷǿˣΪһ˵ΪԶԶ֮ϵĻ˵ҲǸǿߣ
ܣôܻ飬һСѾͷôǳǿߡ
ȸٱϸһ£־ò̫Сˣӷ磬ͬΪҲߣֶΣȴѾܸǵȴڶԿˣңɱǿߣ˵֮£Զȥġ
ȻСôаգЩˣҲͲõˡ
õȸٱвˬ̽͵ȸǰͻС£еĵط롭
ĴС㣬Ϸûб˼ļ飬ȻСôаգҵȾȿɡȻǲ뿪ģԭӦ
ǳӷǰģû֮ǰȻȥ
û˵ʲôʱ棬һıըŵĺƮ
˴οˡ
Ѿ˶ڱС
ǧ˺ǣϳ󣬷򡭡
ף£ͲùˣĽɡ㣬ǳȥ
κ˷ӦѾʧ˴֮С
ÿٶȣõΪʲôʱôǿˣ
ȲЩȥ˵
ڸ֮⣬ӷﳤյˣѾǰԶϿգһĺźԴо綾
ļԶӣӦǴļĵؽ磬ļѾǴˡ
ӣǲҪȥæ
ãҲ˻ῴ֧ͻӣ᲻ʧʮ̫ӦûѲǡǾڰй۲һ°ɡ
ߵѾŵ۶ǱɳʮļµĶ󣬵ԣǲûз
ʮ޴ĺɫʯͷߵ˸ΧЩɫʯͷȦƶţٶʱʱЩɫʯͷɢ
Сĵ㣬ļԶⶾɲ򵥡
ѵκҵȲɡϴֱɡ
ţʮ˵ⶾ󡣡

һӰͻȻ˶֮ڣⲻǵ۶ǵˣȻļǱߵˡ
Ҷ󣬱˵ǣԹҲ첻
һӣͬϸɢء
һֶɢ˶֮ڣⶾԭǿĶһ𣬾ȻʹĶ˱仯
õϵҪ֣ѾΪĹϵ˺üεı仯
þȻĶأʹĶ䣬ڵĶѾһ󣬱ʮ󡣡
뽫ʮֿΧȻɱ𣿡
Ӧ
̫ˣôǿ
ĺĻ䣬ڶ֮ϵߺһϵأغˣ˺֮֮ԴҺ
õͬʱ󾪣ȫɵ۵Ŀͬ˵еغ


1701 Ѫ
νغһԴȴǹ͵ģһָ͵Դڶʱ֮ڣؼһֵ֮ԴۼҪۼ֮ԴΪԼõĻҪʩչߵΪˣΪԽߣõ֮ԴԽ࣡
õ˵һŸһ棬ɱϾ׽ã黹еģǶãһ㶼˽⣬ԸϣΪϣͳͳ˽⣡
û뵽һΣȻʩչغִ˵еԴǴѧģЩʲô
ֹã
õ˶޷غۼ֮Դһûƺã˵ǽۼ֮ԴΪˣǿ֮ԴֱӽƳ
ҪȥֹȻ˵㣬ǿ֮ԴѾۼ˶Ͽգ֮Դڽ⣬תΪڹ⣬·һž޴ĺڹƣ֣
ڰԪأ
õһںڰԴߣ˵ھǴ½ϹڰԪضΪ棬ӱϿͿǸڰԴߣ˵ĵһо͵Ůڹ͵Ĵڡ
¡
һף쳹ʣֱ˶мλãһΪ飬漴ʮ׵ʱ֮䣬󣬱ʮĶÿһðĶڲͬ͸ͬɫңЩһ
þȻͬһʱʹʮֶأļ壬ɴδֹǿĽɫѽ
ļԣõĶԽ࣬Ǿ˵ΪԽߣԶԶΪ󣬾ѪСĶأֶһųǾͻὫΧһȴ֮أ
ʮ̫ҲΪʮ׸ʮֶصĸоȫ˿ÿһ˶һ֮У໥֮ͿԷˣǱָȫͬƵģϢѾоˡ
ʲô£ϴ󡭡ߣʲôط
һĻû뵽ոմ붾ΪԼʮ˵ͲҪСڣȻᷢ顣
ʵʮ̫֮䣬õǽãѾκ˵Ĵˣڵһжڸ⣬˭Ҳ֪ڵ
ʱ򣬳ӷﳤãպ˸⣬ڵǿӷҲΪ֮Ծ
ǿĶ²ļҵͷųİɡ
õĶأӷڵعʱѾˣԳӷķǱΪ߳ʮߣͷŵĳǿĶѵļ巢ʲôԼ벻顣
ӣⶾΪĻͷⶾ֮ˣΪ֮ѽ
ӷЦһ˵ֹǲ֮£ֱͳԽ
ΪܳԽﳤǣȻڳӷ֮ϵģڵĳӷΪûͻʥ磬ʥ۷壬ڴ˵ǰֱϰĴڡ
ڣ߿˵ļ壬һţӷҪ¸ʲôˣͷųǿĶ
Ǵҽȥ
ӣ̫Σˡ˵ͷⶾģһ϶ǿߣҲ˵棬пһ˽ȥǲġ
õģˣԲҼԵܻŶġ
Ǿ͸Σˡ
˵İ졣
ӷֱɽ˸֣ǶĲԶֹͣͬʱҲطͷŶ֮ˡ
ֻһʮŮѣһΧǿ֮ԴһͷųʮֲͬĶأÿһֶأģңʮֶأֱ𱻹ʮС
ʲôˣ
ӷûзϻֱʵ
ӷ磬ӷ籾Ϊߣûϡ
仰ӦʲŶԡļ飬޹ءҹ
ðɣѾͷСƢɲСӻ治һĴҲʶԷ˭͸ҽжԷ治֪λ˭Կ
ôĵӣȻҽҹ
ӷ˫һ˿׹⣬ǿѪʱΧĶһѪԪأʹΧеĶɢ
ӷѪԪأǲֲպþͿסЩ˵ʲôôǿĶأڳӷѪԪǰ𲻵κõġ
ʲô
Ϊ֮ԾˣӷûмѪȴѾΧȫʹӷ磬ӷȴλá
֮ǰڶ֮ã˿̸оһϤӦ˵Ϥη壬ΪֻһΣһΣ
ãǹˣ
ɣôͻȻ
ȲҪЩͷŶʱ˶УɲҪøӴǿ鷳ˡ
ϳȥֹá
УѾ̫ˣǿӵѾõĶȫɢˣΧȫ˹ӵѾʼ˽ã޷ġ
ô죿
취ϵãõΪ֮ϣǿӵֶΣȴΪ֮ϣһ治֪ʲô


1702 ǵ
ķȸٱĶ֪ԶԶѾԼоҲѾԼԣȫ˳뿴浽ô
õ壬ôˣأ
ķһΪʮǿĶȴһǿѪٵɵԼСŮȴûӰȻżġ
õ˵ȸٱ˵ǹˣ
û
ôͻȻܹǽļ崦ߵ𣡡
Ҳ֪ڣѾӴˣ
˵ʲô
ȸٱ´ţŵģǳӷͻȻҲǳӷڸ˭򣬶˭ڸӷ
֮ǰȸٱǾͿΪΪԼ֮ϣȴ벻ǸСѾͷȻǿ˵زԸӷ翹⣡
ķڻ֪ԼŮ˳ӷ磬˵ʲôӵģķһֲĸоʵõ壬˵ĸӣ
ף͹ӡ
ʲô
ķûˤΪȷٴʵ͹ӣǵ͹ӣ
û
£ķûιȥ
ˣ³ˡһѾǵﲻģ˸͡
ףڲ˵Щ顣ѾӴˣǱҪֹ
磡
ЦɣǿЦҲѽ
˵У͹һôĽɫǿǿ߶ûɱģڣԼСŮȻ͹ӴСӸһ˶֣
ϣֹѽ
ףѾˣӵѾγһֽ磬ǸͽȥղţþȻͬһʱ䣬ͷųʮֶأȻ֪ô쵽ģõĶȫˡ
ĺ˵Թӵ˵˭ֻҪΪеģȫŹʱĺʱǿɶǼʶġ
ѽҪĽһʱɱ⣬ɱǾļ壬ǵʱĽԼҵģֲ˭
һˣӷΪУѾѪ֮дˣһ֣治֪ᷢʲô£ܽܣǹƳӷ綼Ҫļˡ
ʱѪ֮ڣ
д˵û´ĻӦþǽʱ½Ĵػ߰ɣ
û뵽֪ӷ˭Ȼ֪ˣɼҲеɵˡ
ǳӷȴû˵һ仰Ҳû˵
Ѫڴ˿ȫɢȥӷӰȫ˵ǰ
ãס֡
õһȥȴϣӷڱһǿõȫ𿪡
û뵽ϣֶһ㣬ʲôˣ
ӷӦѾ֪Ϊһôľ磬ȴͷųûӷƴɼӦòӷ糹˺ǳӷȻֹͣȰѾͷݸ
ӣã
ĺ̻شȻѾֹͣǾˡ
Ŷļ壬Ȼһȴ
ʲô

ӷҪɱ֮
ӣ飬ͻС£ֲ֪ݣŻðġ
飿Ҫ˵
ӷһָʵʲôϵ
ղȻֻͷųǶУȴһָͬһ޵㣬ҲֻгӷѪԪأܸо
͹ӣȻ鴫
ļ˶һһ㶵ģԼŮԼãԼҵС㣬ǸһֻһεС㣬ôܻйϵ
͡ŶӦýֲŶ԰ɣ˵гӷ԰ɣ
Ȼҵֶˣǿɼһ·ɫ
ȱ𼤶ûҵȷʶҲֻǼһζѡ˵¥ľŸ¥ҲֻǼһΡ֮䣬ˣѣǱԼ
ӷһĻ¥ľŸ¥˵ʲô˵¥йϵһСѾͷܸǾŸйϵΪҲܵ˾磬֮ϵľ硣
϶죬ӷ֪Ϊ治֪ô쵽ģ˵
ʦǷƶϣ
ƶϣʦҲ˵ǳӷպΪǿĵˡ
ôܣǷƶϵͽܣļ˶֪ѽ
ףΪʲôá
ңҲһһΣ飬Ҹһһ㶼֪ȻͬһţӦþͲʲô˰ɡ
ȸٱ˵̫ˣŮǷƶϵĵӣҶôǹӣһŹļġ
ķ٣һսǸ˭ڴѽ
ӷϷһЦȸٱ
ڡ
ҽļ壬ˡ
ȸٱû˿ԥǣӡ


1703 
¡ӣǴҶԼˣΪʲô
õţ̫֧࣬ͻȫڣǹԼļֵʮ̫ģû뵽ᷢ顣
һȸٱȫ֣ʣԼļֵס𣬾󣬶ᱻƽ⣬Ǹʱʮ̫Ҳᶯ֣һļ壬ǵֵ۶ǣǳأ£һǶֵסɣ
ӷʮ˵Լˣ˵Լ˲Լˣ˵Ҫɱģͳͳҵĵˡ
ֻҪҵĵˣûһк³ģȵʱռ˱ˣ֮ҲҪ޴Ĵۡ

˷ܵӣ˷ȫϵġ
ӷ磬ڣΪ㶯ļ𣿡
϶ľ磬в𣬲˼һ治в
ӷ絥һӣǿѪٴγ֡
ж͡
ǵĳǿôû㹻ԼֶΣҲкùӳԡ
˵ĵƺܶ࣬죬Ҳʶһ¡
䣬˫ִһӡغ
ǿ֮Դٴξۼ
ӷ绹еԾѾͷԴͦرģȻģۼġ
Ҳôǿ֮ԴӣһϣʲôķⷨӦǷƶϴǵİɡ
ӷ磬ӣѾ³Թˣҡһߣһͷ޴Ķĸ
Ƹûӷǿ֮ԴۼϷȻһͷɫľͷɫľ󣬻ĶأңӵڣߣΪһġ
ǵ֮ǰһߣǲ˵Ķߣͷ󣬸ߣִʲô
ѵ֮Դķⶫйϵ
ӷѾ㻹ˣϿŵǲҲһһ壬УʲôãǸһģͬһԪĴڣǵĵڶ
֮ԴϵľۼʼգƣҪӷսһˡ
ãļٵ۶ǵƣʱٰ͹ӵˣļɾ͡
ķС£ԼСŮҪͬʱΪУܲ
ףģǱһᴦڣҲС̫ˡ
ˣ졣
ѵóӷ֪ԭӷ磬ֻһֻ֮
ȸٱ˲ûӳӷ̶֣Ϊǲûڳӷٸо˿ɱûһɱ֮˵Ҫɱˣǵɱ֮󣬺ܾܿͻڵġ
ļȻǸССòϣǵĲʮ־޴ģĿҲǺԵģõļҵĲʲΪӷõĻǶڳӷպİҵ𵽺ܴİ
Ϊ£䲻ȫȥ˵£ܶʱʲôôҪǵһϣԣȸٱûж֡
ӷڰ֮УһҲȴĽ
ֻҪܳɹ֮Դյڣǽ죬ɱ
ӷҲϻüĴĽһ񷶦
ڲ񷶦ǰ֮Դֶôͨ죬̫ܣ
ȻǲаģʱѾʼۼ֮Դˣյǰʱ벻鷢ˡ
ն֮ԴȻһһյǰȻһ͵ת䣬ӷǱת˹ȥ
ⲻܣ
ѽ˵ˣԼ۾
ۼ֮ԴôܻͻȻ䱻ӷ˹ȥ
ȻתͷֻڳӷüĴ۵Ľ⣬е֮ԴȻȫǵ֮ڡ
˫𡭡

ǿ֮Դ͸֮ǰһ

ı
屶
ų屶غ屶ĺǽ½һ֮Դۼ˹Χգȫ֮Դռݣ·أǿУһǱըΧһУ
СѾͷղûˣ죬һɽһɽߡʲôغȻܾۼ֮ԴΪãһӻ֮ԴǰֶΣǸ˼ױ
֮Դڳӷ磬һûУ½֮ԴܰӷͻʥϾ硣
ӷ粻ǸСˣԼûõĶҲмռΪС
㣬Ӻˡ
ۿӳӷüĴǵУǿԼղŻ屶֮Դͬģֻ֮ԴѾˣ
ܡ
ǧǧӰڳӷ練ȥ֮ԴвͣţȻ̼䣬㿪еĽŶӦ˵ǽֻǽ֮Դˡ
ӣֶΣҲˣΪߣģûСƶѵͽ㶫𣿡
ӷ˻û˵ˣȷЩƶȻԼ˵죬ɲûнԼ̫ĶһغһǼܣոѾȫùˡ


1704 ǿ
Ѿˣغ˵ԴȻǸ͵ģָ͵ԴǴ½˷ƶ֮⣬˵޵еĴڡɽϳӷ磬غȻκεãһʱ֮䣬޲ˣȻҲΪ˶ֵԭɣΪٸߣ޷ӳʲôá֮ӷ粻֪Ŀ飬սϣɱ¾гɳģȻ˲٣Ϊ⣬ֶθĲࡣ
£վһʯ֮ϣʮѾΪһ壬ʮ̫ȫ֮У۶ǵѾȫжʮϾΪҲ̫ףǻԹȥᵼ¶
һΣʮ̫νǶ˶ϼȥˣҪշļ壬һǽʮȫۼˣȴļסˣҪ֮ӷôϾļУκβ˳ӷ磬һУǳӷ˵ģ
ԼøӷѾֹͣõҲ˽ŵģȸٱǣҲȫֿվӷ䵽Ⱥ֮УҲϻ˵ȫļ˵ɡ
ͲǸǸĳǿߣڳӷгĻ䣬ҲǸ
ļĴ󣬳ӷ粻Ҫκ˵룬ֱӾǰλãķҲֻվһԵķݣһ仰Ҳ˵
һָӷŭҹĵط𣿡
ӷ绹ǲʵõ壬۶ǵ˶ôˣ
ӷ磬㡭
졣
ѵһ϶ĳǿߣһеģӷŭѽѾͷƢҲСʵǷɽʥŮڷɽʱ򣬻йһһߣպ֪ûļ֪ͨˣûӦʮ̫Լļעˡ
ǷɽˣҲǳӷĵˣ˵ӷǲӦǿĵ˵ģɳӷ޷֤ܽһ϶ĳǿߴȻûյ飬ӷͲȥðա
⣬ӷܴղŵֶпʵƶϲûн̸̫ĶΪϵǾͺñС˵е㣬õϰĹȴһʽᣬĴڣֻԱ޷ɱС
Ȼӷ绹ģƶϲɵϣô೬ǿߣܱ֤Щˣպ󲻻ᱳԼأȲ˵ˣһѾǸصĻˣѵ㣬ƶ治֪ǲѵĻһĴڣǷƶպǣģǣͬʱѣԣƶû̸ֶ̫Σ֣һպõĵĵطΪҪʱѧֶΣ׾֮
Դ֣ӷóһۣνķƶϣһȫĵ¶ûУͺñڵĳӷ磬ҪһǣһַųӷĳɳѾмȥˣԼЩˣҲ㹻ģһıѣҲ̼䣬κһɱ
ã˵һɡӶѾ׷ղŵˣһ²һ١
㣬СҲ̫ˡ
õѾǳӷˣȻǰųӷ˵ҲҲӷ˵
ãѵļͬʱǿҪ֪½ΪӴģѾǾ¥ˣ۶ȫµˣǵĳ֣ѾռһңħħŮ֣ҲѾ֮ǰħˡĴ½νǼ£УԵ۶˸ǵΪӴ󣬾Ǿ¥Ҳûʲôħ嵽ڶûȷǵ뷨վһߵģ
ĺĵĻ˵ĺеȲ˵¥Ϊ¥飬ħ壬˭֪ôģĵ۶ˣӷĳȣΪ½Ϊǿ
ãȷһ
˵С㣬˵˵ĻɣһҪʡ
һֱһԣҲӷˡ
ӷ翴һۣѾͷǸϣ׾ܳɹɣ򣬵ʱԼӦǣǷƶϣ˭ȥԸ
õ壬ȥʮ̫ɡ
ӷ翴ǲɱʮ̫ˣҲǺùǲϲϱΪ𣬽ЩһϸⱲ֣ҪӸôһ㡣
һĹͻӵˣѾʮ̫ѹ˽Ӧ˵Ǳ̧ġ
ȫŪѡ


1705 ħ
ʮ˰̫ļĴ֮ڣÿһ˵ƤǱٹƵĽڣÿһˣһڡ
ӣǼΪףļҵĶ޷ֱ˺ɶȴǵӿǵѪҺǵѪҺȫתΪأѪҺȫתɶ֮󣬾ӣҲȲˣ
õ彫ļĶ˵һ£Ҳóӷ֪ʮ̫Ŀǰ
ڣӷԭͲɱʮ˵ģһڽȫˣһͲסеȥԼǣԼ߻ûȫ׼ãҲ֪ôˣûо԰յ֮£һɣǳӷ磬ϾǱռݵ̫󣬻˷ƶڡ
ȰڵĶˡ
ʲô
ļһӷȻҪǵĶζţɱˡô˹Ϊ˽ļ̲ʮ̫ߣһ鷳ģǸʱͿεĺüʮˡ
ӣһǷߣǵ۶Ƿ桭
ģ˵Ҷᱣļƽġ
ļƽ˵ʵûи׼ӷֲ֧ͻӽǣĴ½ûгǵıӣ˭۶ΪУǾ·һһþһֶΣΪеȫģҲΪʲôħ˫һúƽľ嵽ڶûκζҪԭ
ɲķĽã˭ȥΥӷ˼ӷ˵һ˸˵ĻǾǰѳǸˣȥͶ۶ˣҲ·һ
ĺڲҶ˵֮£ʮ̫һֺɫҺ壬Ӧþǽҩˡ
ӣѾǽⶾˣҪʱǲŻѹ
ܺáڣĽ֮⣬ˣȫȥŶǸѾͷҲȥûʲôˡ
ӷ˵Ѿͷ
һ϶ĳǿߣڳӷҲֻǸСѾͷѡ
ȻҪӷ磬ȴķֹסˡǶһ²һѽ
ӷ粻ɵһЦΪô˲һ׾Ҳ˵죬ĵ죬ĵɾ֮ˣô˵׾ħŮɱˣƱ߹·ࡣ
˶ȥڴڣֻʣ³ӷˡ
õǿ͸ӷʲôӲ֪ӷʲô
ļԶİɣ
ӣʵļֻǸСѣҲκᡣƵĻҲᷴ
˵ʵļԽر仯ȥԴ׬ǮҲǵıˣֻͺñȵϵЩƷһ׬Ǯ治һĶֻ࣬ЩƷǷģһץ·һǴ½ϣļִڣֻܻӭɣҪҩʲôģˣžֱˣҲҪҩһ죬ΪˣҲϣҪʲôȥˣ
ǰٶ֮壬Զڶҩⷽ治ô˽⡣˵˵ļĶҩЩʲôõģǸļĶҩǸ߻ǵס
ļԶĴڣǶҩʦĽҲ̫ˡ
ӣǰֽ½ΨһһҩʦҪ˼ļ㶾ǲĶġ
ûбˣѣҲѾͶҳǣЩǿֱԣҪκεļɻ䡣
Ľ໥һۣ˵ʵּ˵ǵȴڣǷǳĽģܼһĻǶǼĸû뵽ѾͶ˳ǣѹֳǿԳưһƽˡ
Ȼ˵ˣҲûʲôǫġ˵ʵƶҩ˵Ĵ½ϣǰ޵еĴڡⲢ˵ʲôҩǰƳġ
˵
ӣӦֻ֪֮ϣķ棬ܳķΧɱҲãԶľ˷Ҳգ塣
˶٣õ˵һֶأǿֱӶһ˵꣬˵һ˵ĴϵͳֶأƻȫˣõĴڡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦʵļ壬ûֶ񾭵Ķأ
С
ֱӿƣҪñķ
ӣļҵֶأСħǽֶأֲһ˵棬ͿԽֲĶסˡûĶ˻ȫġħȻܿһ˵˼룬һ˵һУƵʱȴ̣ܶҲʮֶңʮ󣬱ֲˣͻ屬ħҪģֻڷ֮󣬲ܿʮ룬δ֮ǰûʲôҲ˿ĳֲĴԱֽšʵӷҪľⶫҲµȻļһҩ壬ȻԼҪĶˣû뵽ֶ춼Ʋġ
ħĶպΪ󹦡
ӣ֪ʲôǡ
ʲôɱң˵ⶫûУ
еȻеģļңҲļҵĴ֮ϰٴˡħȴ࣬ҪõĻֲֻˡ
ôļҴϰٴˣѵûжƵ𣿡
ӣҲѽħԭϣȴ
ԭϲ⣬ֻҪУҾŪĵ
УԭϷǳࡣ
ǳǻƣǲ̫ˣǵĻҿԽкǡ
ӣ⣬ħֻҪԭϣǽöƵĳԭϣʵǣʵ̫̫
̫ʲô
̫ݶˣ
ݶӷԱߵĲ豭ĺŲٺݶΣֻҪƳֶҩʲô¶ֵá
ûΪƵħԭģǸճӤĴԡ
ۡ
սڣӷͻȻһڲ˳
˵ʲô
ҪҵһǧճһӤȻǵԸȡһЩԡ֮ٽЩԹԵĶŽһиڣͻὫиڵ̥ɵȡ̥Щǵħˣ
ॡ
ӷеĲ豭ֱӾˤ˵ϣȻŭʲôƨҩٺݶˣҲ£µģ硣
ϢŭΪˣļҰٴδκһƹħϴǵ㣬ǾͲˡ
ȻƳˣȻ飬Ͼļ֮ǰ£ҲļԼ飬ӷûʸȥܡ
ļҵˣǼǵħ֮⣬Ժҷ֣ϻĵħҶǾ塣
ǣӣļҾԲƵġ
ˣȻһ㣬ǾóѡϡֻҪʱյĺãʮ֮ڣԿء


1706 ۶
õ彫ļҵĵħ˳ʵһֶ棬ֻľ㣬ȫΪɫģֻ棬Էֱֲ˵ӷҲûȥѡҲҪȥѡ˾ͿˣȻеģ֮󣬳ӷҲûʮ̫ļңֱӽ˽ͳ˸֣һεĲҰܣʮ̫ǲһνˣҪٽļ壬Ҳӵ۶ǱߵȫµУ򣬽˸֣ķݡ
˰ʱ䣬ļ˻㱨ʮ̫ȫѾ˹ѹʱȻһŭҲȻҪٴδӵ۶ǵǵӣļ£ǲݵġ
ֵǣʮ̫ķŭշãյ˵۶Ƿ洫Ϣʮȫص۶ǣԭܼ򵥣Ѿص˵۶ǣ֪ʮ̫ùļ岻£ԲŽ̷أҪһļ˷ʱˡ
ȻҲѾµļˣȲ֮ӸɽʥŮ֮˭ĵλߣɲʱϾһôûС
ӣѾص˵۶ǣӦǶԳȫĽˡ
õǶۼļҵĴ֮ڣÿһ˵ɫ˷ܣнţΪ˶֪ӷ֮ĴսϾҪչˣңϹ֮󣬴½ΪӴһս¹˭֣˭Ҳ޷ȥ϶
涼ʲô
ӷ᲻֪ص˵۶ǣǵҲһȫۼ˹ȥ
ѩһսӷȻɱ˼ǿ߸ܶСɫһ󲿷ֵûдЩˣѾͶΪģǶԸӷ硣
֮ǰҲͶѾӸнһչһȫµ
ǵˣȻƶǼˣӣѾڵ۶Ǳ߷չˣҲΪչˣٽǸؽֻİǣѾǰİˡ
˵ųѾȫһ𣿡
ӣӦ˵ںһŶԡĳǣɳǣİǣҲһȫµ쵼ߣİǵĲಿǷһ齨һȫµ

ӷЦһųǣǽһˣ
һ֮ԿųˣҲǡ
ӷ绰䣬ͻȻһȻתֻļĴ֮һ΢СĽ˽
⽣飡
ӷ絥ӣͣ˳ӷǰ漴ڶʱ֮䣬Ϊһ⾵⾵֮ڣʾһˣ
⽣飬ǾǴ½һִϢķ÷Сħ޴֮⣬ֹ⽣ˣ⽣飬ҲԶħ޴Ҫ౶ǰǣ֮ˣ֮䣬ҪһǵĸӦ
Ϊǳǵĵһ죬ԣӷ뿪ǰһѪҺͬʱڵľصǰ㣬ʱϢԼ
ʱңǲǵ۶ʲôµĶ
⾵ڵе㼱꣬˵ӲûҲʱϵӵġ
Ѿµһˡ˵ɣǲ׼ҳˣ
ûУ֪ʲôֶΣڻص۶֮ǰȻϵ˾壬򣬻о¥ħ壬ʮ϶Ըǳǡ
ʲô
ļ˴󾪣ʮҲ˵½ȫˣΪģǶԸӷһ
ϴѾˣѩ֮ս󣬾ҲʶѪȵĲְ̣úƽ̬˵ӦòٲŶѽΪʲôֻᱻ棬ξʲô뷨
ӣ巽²֪ʲô£棬˵ξٴѾˣξѾûȨȥˣΪ£ξξٴξξټ壬һУȫٹξٴħ壬˵ħŮڱչأ飬ɼħģҲһھʹӦˡ
ħ鲻ȥܣ̷ħǼ֪ô죬׾ڱչؽ죬Ҳڱչ֮ǰѾһС
巽Ȳ˵壬ξٴѾôûϢˣΪʲôҪͷͻȻ֣ӷûһ֣ͽξе˵ȥѽΪʱξȥξٴȥģξٱ·Ҳ˵ξһνӰˣξٴΪʲôأ
ķӦ̫Ϸˣѵ˵壬ܵʲôвˣǷǴ½вģֻСƶˣ
ڱĸˣӦκϽҲȫˣӣ¥ҪأΣһᶼˡ
ӷЦðɣȻҪǾһԽеȫսҲǻػˣ
ȫǽ䱸һоһûȲҪӭսճţǲе󷨣һʱһʱ
ԥӷһ۾Ϳˣʵʲô𣿡
ӣҶǡ
ǣôˣ
²ǰ۶Ƿ洫ϢҪɱţϢܿʹɵĶУһеĿСǡ
ӷһʵɲҪңǣȫȥ۶ǰɾˣ
ǵģ

ӷһŭļȫ
빫Ϣŭ
ϢŭëߣǺôĵӣȻȥ۶Ǿˣʲô˶ȥ
ǿߣڳоֻˡ

ӷƿڴˡ
쵰ɣǸ˾ѵһɵѵǲ֪мϸȫȥ۶Ǿˣ˻û۶ǵķΧѾ֪ˣһȥǡȥ޻أ
ӣûôذɣϾȥĶǿߣ
ǿߣߣҲϷڵ۶ˣѵΪǣܴӵ۶ǰ˾ȳ𣿡
ϷѽȷǳϷˣɳϷĲǵ۶˵Ƿƶϡ
ӣڸô죿
Ѿˣ
һˡ
ǲʡѽϸ۶ǣϣڰ·ǣ򣬴սδҳǾͽʧһǿߣ


1707 ͨȭ
۶ǣ
Ĵڣͬһʵ۰㣬ƻϣʮ־߱ԭӵеΪ˵ʵûгӷ֮£ҪưԾǴ½ҲǼǳɵ顣
һɽݶһɽҲλһǾͱҪһʮͱҪŸ˭ܻʤߣư硣
Ϊ˶Ըӷ磬ӷ糹ѾϹ֮ĵһǿߣƶϣȻƶ϶ˣ½ľϣȻ䶯
λ˶˰ɣû˵˵ģֵһ죬ھ¥У¥һ߲ΪҲףѾ϶ڶľ磬Ϊ¥УҲͺ¥࣬¥һѡ
ڵģǾųǵγЩ֮ǰӷɱģİǵĵаѾתΪǵİǣо⼸½
°ߣƶΪµİǣҲڳǽ֮Ĳýģλڵ۶ǵĲԶİǸҲˣ໥֮ľ벢Զ
ʵ˶֪˵ȫĵĳУ˵ǵ۶ǵֳɣУȫɵ۶죬ӵ۶ǣĺ
ƶЩ˵ӷǴĴʵ̫ˣڣƶǵĿģⱲΨһԸɱӷ磬뷨ˡ
˶Ѿˡ
ƶİǸǵγҲ˵˶ˡ
¥ǿߵǰ˵

һںӣûڳκһ˷ΪҪɱӷ磬ģκһˣ󣬻ҪԼ¥ɽ˵ˣľųǼļΪ¥Ϊɽͷģɾ¥ɽʲôʱ֣Ѿܾˣ
ʮ̫ûУ
ջص۶ǲãʱ飬֪
ʮѾˡ
ôˣ

ʧˣ
ţʧˣһǴܡʮ̫ȫˣѾظԵסȥˡ
ɫʱ˱仯˫ת֮ˣһ仰ҲûʣǿȻشļû£벻顣
Ŷʲô£
ļͻȻǧǿߣʮ̫赲⣬ΪļĶ̫ʮ̫ڻвжԡҪһˣļˣ
֮ɫ΢ĺת˵ˣһļ壬ȥɡ˵ˣȫܹȥҲѾòˡ
ò£˼ǣļ壬Ѿ͸ˣ
ͣҲò¡ˣȲ˵ЩΪҪˣӦѾˡ
Ѿ뵽ļˣһ϶ĳǿߣԼ߳һ𣬻ǷƶϵĹŵӣɽʥŮⲻɮҲ棬ȷļһպԼΪԽ˷ƶϣʸˡ

ʱ򣬴֮⣬һ񱩵ĴЦΪЦЦУȴżصɱ
ڵˣȫͻЦˣȫȻſڡ
ߺηΪ֮ߣֱֲ
¥¥ûų֮ڣûһǿߣ޷϶ЦˣΪһôľ硣
ҲʱվϴЦݣͼһӰǰӰôģ֮⣬˶֪
ǵлѣ
ƶѾȫ׼һҪ֣Ǿһӵϡ
ǰˣͲʮηǳ࣬׶ߣϴķװǵûκεıɢƣ֮¡
˵۴½мˣ
ӣµĵܶ˶ˬѽ
ƸͲʶߣҲԣ֪ߵݡ
˭Ӳˬģ
˵һ̤أ¡һ֮⣬ˣ£ȫʮ
϶죬죡
ѾߵΪ
㣬ӹС
ߺһȭͳ´ȥûκεֹ
ͨȭ
žžž
죬ŵȭɵģ£̾͵еƣһˣȫŵͷ亹
ͨȭһԴһȭΪԴξټĲ֮ѧ
ξٴ
Ҳǽһ̤أٴһ˫־ٹͷϷһ֣߳ߵȭƳˡ
Ƕϵĵӣе˼
ǰһûȥ£ûУɺȻѾȭˡ
ȥ˰ɡ
ţȴǶ˵
ǣ
ܽ¥ֻܽ飬ľų֮ˣûʸ֪


1708 Ϲź
ξٴĵڵˣԵıȽϽţҪ֪ξٴ죬Ǵ½ϵӴ֮һȴѾܾû߶ˡഫξٴ֪ΪԭˣһֱڼˣҲһֱûκεĺתŻȥʱİǣξ򣬹ξټġڿξٴǸܹ˵ˣӲҪ˵ʱĻڱչ
ȻʵʵȻ֪˻ģʱξٴȷˣΪĽڣʱ׹صľʯˡ
񣬾ʯѾըˣӷѾõ˰뱾ĵ伮Ϊʲôξٴʱ֣Ҳôõģ˵ϵĳǿߣʯˣҲܺõ֮ѽѵ˰ɡ
⣬ôξξٴ޿ɵģξٴ֮󣬾Ȼξңͬ۶ֶԸӷ磬ôһ£ѵһУǷƶڱĹҲѽƶǿ˵Ӧ޷ȥвģ˵ˣξٴǺεۣ֮ϸղŵıӦǸʮǿƵĽɫὫκ˷ˣôܻᱻвأ
һж̫һ벻飬ҲһǸƶйصģξٴҲ֪ǷƶϵĵӣݣҲֻξٴԼ֪ˡ
ͨȭξٰɱﵣѵһγֲȡ룬ͲҶ˰ɣ
˵
ѽͨȭںܶǰѾ½˭˲֪˭˲ξٴţ¡
ԭξټˡ
ƶ˫ֱȭǰڰǵʱǲųеκ˷鷳ҲҶԿһɽʱͬˣѾΪɥ֮Ȯƶ죬˱°ǵĳ֮⣬ʲôǣֻǸΪ˴򹤵ĴжѣӦ˵ǴС
ξٴͲڳκˣڡ
ҪҲξٴоƣξټ
ξٴ˵ͷֱӾλϣƶˣһĿգξٴĿһеѽ
ҲʲôҲûڣξٴǳΪˣǿһһܲջӭĿˣĵطûС
λڳħ֮⣬Ѿˣǿһ£ζԸˡ
ô෽ԸһǣҪǰʵǰѳӷ翴̫ˡڵȴС˳ӷ磬Ͼǹʱǳ˴ģӷʥƷʱͿɱ϶ڶΪѾʥ۷徳磬Գӷ֮ǰı˵ڵԸȽɫԿˡ
һǣһͣѵôˣɡҽ飬ھʹȥǡ
һƶ˵ˣһ仰Ҳ˵
ƶ죬֪ΪʲôǸ𣿾Ϊ֮ǰ̫Сˣҡʱ޷ĨɱŻᵼ֮ǿ󡣡
̾˿˵ʵߴҰɣڵͣѾǸˣǸˡ
ʲôˣʲô˼
ͣǴػߣ㣬Ѿ֪ˣɰմ˵ػǿģԣڵͣͲģֻǽ͵ݶѡ
ݣˣǾͿԽͣϵʱڰɽϵͣһ˵ˣȻڵˣֵʲôˣ
ûҪӷˣ˵ϹҺᡣ
ϹҺᣡ
⻰һˣȫ𾪣ʱ֮䣬ûһ˵ĳģξٴҲѾվߵǰʵЦǲǿ̫˵㣡
Ц
ɵһЦ˵ξټ㿴ҵӣڿЦ𣿡
˵ģϹҺ᣿
ûǧȷϹųΪӷ硣ʵϹų겢ûȫ꣬ΪĳЩԭȥˣϹųĻҺᣬ֪ôģַ˻˵ҪʲôӦöи˰ɡ
飬ȻǲܸЩ˵ģֻҪ˵ӷݾ㹻ˡ
˼˵Ǹӷ磬ָϹΪ磬ԭǼҵģûȥҲȻģ
ûòϣϹʱڣ磬ȷڳģϹ֮緢˼ģı仯һ£Զһҵ£ǳѾ뿪ʱˣڣ½ı䶯ǳ󲻵ģӷ磬ȴʱܻҪָϹųҵ£أҶͬɣ
ȻܣǸӷʲôˣʲôݣϹʱѾˣ͸ϹһϵûˣҪָϹԲܣ£ҲҪ
ܺá񣬳ӷѾۼһǣΪֶΣڳ˶Ѿ̹ˣҲ˵Ҫ˵˵ô򵥵ģǱҪгֵĲСڣųˣξټҲѾվһټħ壬壬¥Ҫӷ磬Լ֮䣬Ͳܷκε⡣
˵ʵħ壬Ƕġ
׾ñǴӦ֣ǸʲôӷĹϵǳһ˫׾ﷴǾʹֲˡ
ﷴ粻ģTM


1709 ׼

սӷݸع⣬ʿͼææ˽
ǷǳʱڣǵĴսʼҲǾǴ½һսˣһվ֮󣬾Ǵ½ͽͳһƵۣǳӷϹųͿһսʤˡ
˵
򵥵һ֣ҲҪ˵ʲô֪ӷҲɵӣʱ͵Ϯ۶ǵģҲȫ׼
ҵѾȫѺֻһ£ͿԽȫˡ
ĵ˵ͷ˵ȺϼһȻҹȻΥҵ壬źڡͽȫն˰ɡ⣬ҵûУ
۶Ѿ׷£ǰЩȫϴĵ۶ǣǾųǣȫһ˵㣬˵һ˸˵Ļ³͸һ
ûϢɳȥѾˡ
ɫһ䣬ʿ̹ڵء
ϸң֮ڣҪȫɱҪȫ¶֪ұѵ۶ǵģк³

ƶվ˵ѩ֮սʱֹѣ׾õĹϵҲǳӵħڶ޵Ǿ˵Сӣǰ׾̳ģһ壬һ壬ǰ׾õͽܡ
˵ͷ£֮ǰҲ˵ˡȷһΪ׾ü֤׾ʦ
û뵽׾Ҳ̳һǿߡΣһһûˣҲܻħ壬һڱĵط
ʿ˻֣ȥʿȴǣһҲ
£
⻹һ·ǳ֡
˵
ǵ˴ϢǷǿߣȫǵĴ뿪˳ǡ
ʿ⻰ɱ֮ǰҪڳ˳ԾĶࡣ
Ҫ֪ĴսϾҪˣ˵ǷˣӦҹӽŶԣΪʲôؼʱ̣Ȼ뿪أһǴģǲȥطΪǴ½ûκһطǱȳǸӰȫġ
֪֪ǵ٣
ʱ֪ǵ˹ûҵų
ڴţ¾Բˣӷƻˣ֪ʲô
뾡һа취
˵꣬⣬һʿ˽

˵
յõϢǴǿߣѾǵ۶Χ֮ڡ
˵ʲô
ԼĶ䣬ǵԼ۶ǵΧ֮ڣôܣʲô𣿻ôɵ
Ϣɷȷ
ǧȷͷģǣлǸǵĳĶ
ܹˣѵӷǷɵͻȻϮ
ǳЩˣȫѩ֮սʱһģȻҲȫ°¡
£ܸӷûϵ
Ŷʲô
ǳʵʿУûһɣ
УǷ棬һ֮⣬еǿߣȫˣʿȴûгһ
ʵǳ˼˵Щˣ͵Ϯҵ۶ģ
û¿˵ġ
ˣȵ˭ѾȻˡ
Ҳӷ벻ڹϣˣȻӣɱҾ廹˳ϵЧƶ죬ǳ
ڡ
նҵ飬ͽˡסݳϷҿˡ
ǣһЩ޻ء
۶İ֮ǵҹԦŷħ޸˹ȻҪˣʱϾͱҪ죬һ̣žûľˡ
۶ǻжԶ
Ѿ䣬·õħޣд֮硣
˵Żаľ룬Ǵ죬ǲǰһˣⱻ۶Ƿ֡
Ǿ;͵ϢڣǱ۶ɡ
á
˵һڵ۶ɱҵġҪɱţΪȺȻΥҪɱ￴ڵ۶⣬˶վڳ֮ϣۿΥ³ôġҲ˵ҪˣҪڵ۶⶯֡
˵Ǿȥ˵ĻҪ۶ǵЩˣ۶ǣûֱ𡣡
ԣǱͷ¡
ǣ˵ɣֻҪܾȳҵļˣҪȥҲԸ⡣
οҪðˡȣǻҪһǱ۶ǣܲҵĵط˸ȳ˸Ӧ˵۶ǵʧˣǶ·һûĻᣬͬʱ۶Ҳǵˣ˾ͱͷأұʽն׵һ̣ؾ֣ס۶ǵʣµˣϾˡס۶ǰҵؾҲŲ˶ãԣҪڰ֮ڣ˾ߡ


1710 
ǽ˷һ£Ҳڣǵģûһģܵ㵽˭֣ǺԥվȥҲԲ޵ģ
ɿЩˣУĶԣľǼɲʶģÿһ˵Ϊʥ磬Ȳ˵ܲܽҵ˾ȳǱ۶ûġ
£ǡײϡԼãǳǵĳҪõĵطֱӵ
ȻţĶŽȥҲһ·һʧˣĶ֮һʱ䣬۶ǵ˴Улӳ۶ˣɵ۶ڱϾǿƣĶʧ֮ҪȫˣҲԲܣðյĻҵ˾;Ȳ
Ĵ㣬Ǳ۶ǾˣʧܺҲֻҪֱȥٷˡ
ʮˣֱӵȶ˵лλ֣ܽΣɴȫ£лˡܻ뿪ҶҵĴˣպ£ұض𣬾Բüͷ
ĶɣȻѾˣѵҪ˵̫ķϻˣ
ѾʱˣҪģǰÿһ趼ãֻҪ費ңɹĻʾͻܶࡣ
л
ڳ˵л֮⣬ѾûĻеĸмˡ
ˣʱˣҶ׼һ¡СøԣһǱ۶ǣȫɢڵ۶ǵķ֮⣬һɹˣСûᷢѶţʱˣȫѶŷķ򣬽Ӧǡ
˵ת˵С㣬Ǿ͸͸λɡ
šҶСһ㣬ӭңȻܱ֤ˣɾȥһ㡣󻰣Ҳ˵ǰ棬˵ˣպ󣬶ģ壬Դҵĳŵ
˭ܿ϶γسǵģȻѾߵһˣǾֱǰɡ
ɫֱҹ֮ǵˣѾǵİţ˸Եĸλ
ĶʮˣȫǱ뵽˶ſڣڳǽ֮ϣʿصѲţȥûдսǰϦĽš
ǸһڶΧģǽϵʿѲӣǵе㲻
Ǽǵֲʵǲʲô⣿
㲻ǳǸ۶˵ĴսǰϦ˵۶ߵľӦñƽʱҪüŶԡڿǽ֮ϵѲʿƽʱû̫ĳ롣
Ȼû۶ǣÿһĲֶ˽⡣
˼ǣ۶Ľٵģ
ܿ϶ٶȸϵ۶ǵģǳУе۶ǵļϸϢҲôʹ˵۶ǣϾΪԷһǰ˶ĺģÿһ˵Ķҵ۾
Ҳ̫߰ˣͲмȥ͵Ϯǣֻߣ϶ǲڴս֮ǰ͵Ϯǵġ
Ը̫˰ɣСǸս۶ǣͻᱻ۶һ֮
ǵ֮ʱĶѾɹܹ˳ǽϵѲʿǽ˵۶ǡ
ϵĵ۶ԵĺֵܰһӰûУǰİǣҲûôƽĶʼģ
۶Ǿųһǣ㵽ϣҲӦ÷ǳֵѽοŸպڣΪʲô˰
˵ҵļ۶ÿϣǱȽϰģҲѽҪСһ㡣
ţȲģץһʿļ˱ʲôɡ
ʱһѲʿǰÿһʿףóì
Ѳʿ߹Լʱֱӽһʿץ˹ҷסʿѨ޷ǰʿҲͲ֪һˣν֪ѽ
˵ҵ˹ʲôط
ذףʿĲϲŽ⿪Ѩ
ʿƺܺ£һָֻ֣ϱߣ˵𣬱ɱң˵˵
˵ƭңˡ
ҵˣͱңûǨƵطȥһ磬ͻᱻնˡ
ž
һƽʿ˹ȥĶʵ˵Ŀɲţ
һڼη壬ֻţΣʱ˵Ļаٷ֮ʮĿŶȡ
ǺãǾͱ˷ʱˣֱȥҡ
ڵ۶ϣһǳķӡ
ǹ֮󣬼֮ʿطҪʮʮ֤ʵ˸ղǸʿ˵Ļ
̫ˣӬɲȥǸôȥˣ
ʵûʲôܵԽģ
Ҳ֪ѽҼʱͽ˰ǣҵļֻͣڵ꣬Ͳ˽⡣
ӣǲǱˡ
ô죿
һ£˵Ȼ޷Ǳ룬ǾĽɡ

ȻҪɱţҵȥЩʿ᲻ýɡ
ܿͻ֪ġ
Ҫ죬Ҫ֮ǰ˾ȳȥֻҪ˳ǣֿǣͿԽˡ


1711 ͽ
Ŀ죬պھͽˣ
ƶǼҲԶĽֵڣǰδκζĶˡ
˾ͺãˣͲûȥˡƶ죬Ǹ֪ô˰ɣ
ƶ˵ͷһǷӵӣһ˵롣
ǼʲôҺɱӷͬʱֲ뱻ƣԣӷ֮սУҲһλã԰ɣ
һʣƶǼ˵˵ˡ
ˣǵ˭ȵġʱѩ֮սǾѾˣңռһ㾫ԪطɽϣЩˣҲеڶΪ˵Ļᡣ
ѩ֮սƶǼǣǵģһĳ衣
ϵĴԶǵҲȣֻҪһ仰ҪһΣҲνɱ˳ӷ磬Ϊҵȱѩ֮𡣡
ɵһЦʵƶ죬֪ΪʲôʱֻǣȴȵֵܣҵӸϱȣ
£ƶﶼ벻ͨѽȻƶΪˣֻҪռ㾫ԪˣΪʲôֻԼЩȴûоȣ
ֵѾƵķΧЩֵĺܶ飬ǰҵ˼ȥģЩΪǵļһӷ粻ɱǣҲκٴηչȥĻġǼеģǶ԰ǰ˵˽⣬ԭȰǵЩΪ䲻ߣֻЩСɫӷ߾ΪЩСɫܳΪɫһûκθԵˣԶܵ۷λã㣬Ӧɡ
ѻ˵ϣѵҲ˵ֻҪӷӷЩ˶ˣƶǼҲûʲôˡ
ףҲᰴ˼ȥµģģǾǰٷ֮ٵҳϡ
ڣ˵ʵƶǼҲѾˣѾˣֻһͣѵȥں
ˣϣҿǵ˵ЩСɫǶˣҲͲˡ
ͬʱѾʧ˽ֵϣֻʣƶ죬ǳǵһЩ¡
ſڣϰٵʿҶΧڵˣû˿ˣͳ岻
վס
ɵû˿ɻģȥֱӾߵ˴ſڣſڵʿֹסˡ
Ѿκˣÿңѵûʾ𣿡
˵Ȼˡ
ȻˣǻϹӰѲӡ
λ磬ǾΪĸʾŻعġ
ЩʿһɵĻΪ鷳ģʿѾеĳìָǡ
ǰɣ
˵ҪˣЩйϵǣҵˣ죬׵ġ
ðɣȻ飬ҵ
ʿҪ֣ҴŴ˿һ׵ӣ߳
ҪȫնˣʱȻҵˣѵ
ǽһɣ˶סˣһ벻ԼģȻԼӡ󶼷ǳ̵ˣԼżʱˣһֱ
壡
ɶԼ۾Լҵ˲ȫץҪƳնˣΪʲôԼĶ壬ɳ룬ҿһףҲͲǸѽ
ҵɵĶ壬ҲһΪߵģ֮ϣΪǳӵĹϵһ𣬾עܼ̳ҵļҵˣ
ǡɶ
ҵ˶һԼֶŮԼڶֶŮеһԼֳŮ˵ѾΪ˳ӷķ²ΪʲôͻȻڵ۶
壬ô
ɸҪԼ˵Աߵʿȫóһ·ҵ߹ɵѾиˡ
΢΢˺󼸲ɿҵʵ壬˼壿
һʣҵֹͣ˽ŲͷҲ΢΢˵ףȥ濴ɣһı֡
汳˼壿
Ѿͷ˵ҵˣһ£ǲģ
Աߵʿʵ
ҳô£ҵȻǵ۶ǵĽѵҪԼͲɡ
ãҵܺãȻ£ҵʱ򣬾Ͱ㵱ǴӢۣԭ㲻ǴӢֻۣܡ
Ķһɣ𼤶ǵĿġ
Ҫˣͱ뾡ңҲûʱȥ
ҵӣ˼壬õĺôӦòٰɣĺôһҪɣ
ɶҡ
סڣҸ㣬Ѿһˡ֪£ϸϻ干Ҫ߹ֿһˡ
ҵ̾˿Կĳһֺܲı顣
ΪԼһǿһѪģȻǸŮӣϾҵѪᵼԼҾ󡣿û뵽һѪΨһϣȻҲ˻
ȻǶҵˣǾͲˡˣȫ¡
ԱߵʿһϣȫΧ
Ƕ֣ȻһˣȻ㷴ҵҼסȫ˹Źͽġ


1712 
ҵεĴɵ˽ңΧеʿȫĶҵӣҵҵͽĻλѽһǲģЩʿš
ȻҵʿҲߣֻҪңͺð쵽ˡ
ź¡һͻȻһ⣬ȫסˡ
Ķ´Ȼת֮ʱ֪ʲôʱ򣬳һʿЩʿЩͬһû·ģƤǽڵģڻðһŵĺ
۶ʿ
ҵһʱЩʿţʿȫЩʿɸӷ統ʱڰɽѡЩʿͬЩȫʿȫûˣǱƳģͺñȽʬ㣬֣ȴ᲻ͣĽ
ãмˣ
ҺԱ˽磬ҪȥͲ̫ܣڶԸЩʿͬʱƳ
ɶ㲻Ӧûѽ£ʲôˣ
ҵ䣬Ⱥˣȫ˳
ɾȻȺɫʱļΪ԰ף·һʱ֮䣬ࡣ
ôˣ
Ⱥȥʧ䣬˵һ־
үү
ǰסɡ
ɶɶ𣿡
һԼʮϵӣȺ߳ˮȺĳӣҲɵĸס
ףɶǣöûˣ
˵δʵҵˣɣһֿǷɺСʱ򣬾ͱѡϸʣСС͵ɣʹԼ֮⣬˭ȥ⡣
ҳ£Ⱥˮѣ꽫ǵľȷİɣɲڵ۶ǣңͿԱסԺֻͨͨӣԼһһѪ
񡭡
ɶ㲻Ӧûѽ
ˮһԼͷ£군ˡ
ףȲҪ˵ЩˣгǵӪȴңɱȥɡ
ɿҵгһɱ֡
ɱͽ
ס֡ɶˣûбѼ壬£үүġ
ʲôүүΪʲô
Ⱥ̾˿˵һеĿܣΪ˰ɡڿǲ̫ˡ
ɷеĽԭҵҲ踺أΪģҵδѽ
壬ղš
ɶʲô˵ˣҵΨһϣɱȥɱĳ·ɱǾֻȫˡ
үү˺硣
ûõģɶµĽ磬ǵƲˡ
ʱû˻ȥע֮ڵĽĶߵһСߣ˵ɣЩʿǴģˮǸס
ãȰЩʿ
½ˣƽ磬ֻҪһȱڣѶţ֪ͨˣӦǡ
˫ִһӡˮȫ漴һӡˮȫӿЩʿһɺӭϣ֮䣬еʿȫ
ƽ硣
¡¡
û˻˿ԥҲ໥֮ܵʱӳȥֻҪ뿪˵۶ǣϣ

ҽ֮ϣǳͻȻ֡
ԣүүΪ𣿡
벻Լүүôܻڵ۶ǣѩ֮սʱѾ
ܣүүû
ǳûôԣүүڸһλᣬͶүү飬סҲǷȥΪˡ
ߡ
һ˵㱳ѰǣѾҵүүˣҲûʸΪһԱȻԸ۶ûŻȥɣƶҲгɡ
ȻǳûƶȻҲܻ
Ѿͷǵĵӻ󣬲Ǳ۶ˡϷ뿴ôĽ硣
ƶ죬ѩʱˣҪҲҪ汳
һһֱӷȥˣȫһȦеɵ
ɶƴˣۼһ֮硣
һȺļһǻûʸ硣ɱǣһˣһնˡ
飬飬顣
ıը֮Ⱥ˵һ𣬶޷˿˺
ɱһɷʯ㣬׹ڵء
ɶ
ۡ
͵һѪķ֮Ҳ̫ǿˣͲΪסġ


1713 ɱ۶
ɶû°ɣ
ˮԼŮôûһֱǷģû뵽󣬻ҪŮƴԼһˡ
ףû¡ٽȫҾͲţһ綼Ʋˣ
Ķһסɣ磬ɣ֮ǿԶԶ֮ϡ
÷Ѿˡ˵ҪƳÿһ˶ԷӳԽԼлƽ⡣
ԽԼⲻǲܣҪĴۣȴ˭Ҳܲסġ
ԱС棡
ûֻҪԱС棬ܽԼ֮ȥǻΪԽߵģԽǿģԱСԽ࣬ƴķС涼ûˣǻëѽ
ȺȻĵҪôķӳҲѾģжȫվ
ʮʮҵˣȫվȺߣÿһˣѾ˱ľġ
ΪˣҪʲô
ԼļˣԼ޶
ܺá
ѽˣģǱԼˣ㶼첻Ļ͸˵ȥʲôҵˡ
ˣ֪ô˰ɡ
Ըһ»Ȫ
˵ȫѾˣԼƴԼļ˵ģɵûȳһҪԼүүԼĸףԼĶ壬ҵԼԼЩŮ۶ǣҲδ̫Ϸ绯˰ɡ
үүǲ
ɶûбİ취ˡүүģסҼҵ
һɣֻҪһ˿ϣҾͲ
ĶҲǺΣʱϵǣǶ֪飬Լ˸ս۶ǣѾˣҡ
취ڱ뵽취ˣһжȫˣ
ԱС棬Ľ硣
Ⱥκεķϻһȫ˳ͬɫ⣬Ҳÿһ˵ڱ
Ҫүүס壬ǻϣġ
ϣԼƭԼһϣûˡ
ȺҪ׷ˡԱС棬ҲƵġ
ʱ򣬳Ǳߣһٳ֮ϣѹһɸʹĽ֮ϣٳһǿĽ硣
ƶ˵ǰƶ̺һ
û뵽ǻйģ鶼ĳԱС棬֮ûʲôϷ𡣡
ҪɱˣԲɱģɱҲᡣ
޴ѹȥʱ֮䣬Ⱥһȫѹסˣʹ޷ԱС棬Ҳڶʱ޴档
Ϸƴˡ
Ⱥʲôʸƴ
ὫȺңҪڵ۶˵ǰɱҲ˿ģҲԼ³͸һ
ʱҹ֮УͻȻһ⣬һѪɫ⣬ڵ۶ǵϿգչһ޴ıը
¡¡
ըֻԭɫҹգͻȻ䣬ΪһƬѪɫֻ˵һǿѪ۶Ǹ
˵ûʸңûʸ񣿡
ϵĶ϶һð֮ĵ顣
ǹӡ
ûǹӵӵɣоˡ
ӷ罵ٵ۶ǣȻ˵ѪΧͣƮš
һȺ֪ļһ˵𣬷ҪҴԶǡ½֮ٸһˡ
ӷ绺ڵҲȫ׼ȫӷһս
ɳӷҲ˵ѽʱֻ֣Ҫ˾ȳ۶ǣһж˵ڵ۶֮ڣӷ磬Ҳûյġ
ӷ磬ɣɣΣҪ޻ء
ûⱾ°ɡ硭

顣
һȭֻһȭֱӾͽĽƳˣˣҵſڣȫǵ˷ʿ߳˹
ǣҹ
ӷŭ·𴫱ǧ
ڳǵˣӷҲܲôˣֱӾͷǽӳ֮ڣǱɱ˹ȥ
ӣǡ
ڳӷ罵ʱĶҪ£ȴӷһֹסˡ
ȶԵУ£Ȼȥ֮һһġɡ
ǰ˵¸ûϵҵġ
ȻҲˡɼȻ۶ˣҵġ
ɵ˵ͷӷڵΪѾʥ۷徳磬ȴʥ۷徳磬϶ǿߵĽһȭˣǺεȵǿҲ˵ӷһԼңϣˡ
үүл۶ˡ
Ⱥ˫ȭԳӷ磬˵͹ӣлԮȣ¡
ٷϻҿûңҵŵܹҾһٴΣҲûκιϵ
ĻȺ˵ʲôӷ絥һӣﳤա

ʮ⣬
ӣǴͷ󡣡
ﳤʮֱӾͳſڳ˳ȥ棬Ҳۼˣξٴˡ


1714 սξٴ
ﳤյ˸ճҴţѾĴʿסˣһȥǧʿΧֵȫΧסǼҲС
ͬʱǵӷٶȸ˹˭Ҳ벻ӷȻʱ֣ô֪۶ߵģѵǻع۶ǣ֪ͨģ
Ȳܳӷô֪εӪжȻӷѾˣҪȳҵİգǿ˺ܶࡣ
ǻģϾǵ۶ǣŴУۼ˵۶֮ڣһڶҪҪȫҲʮֵļѣһУҪ໥֮ϣӷһǲеġ
ӣôˣ
ʵ
ҲǻصȥǣǼŮ˾ģһ⣬ϾŮ˵Ҫһ㡣һˣôҲһ֣ѵ㲻֪ڵĵ۶ǣһ̶ѨˣǾһ𣿡
ӣ²ǵ£Ӫҵġ
ŵģ걻ٵ鶼ûָ꣬ҸôһסǣǲӺͿˣ
ӷںգյĶһƽǸԼò׾ۼһ죬ȴԼۼȫ۶ˣ˽ǵΪˣӷ綨ɼϸˡ
ӣҲΪ˴롣һңȷҪǵǳ˵ҲκεӰ졣ɲͬŮ˴Сڰǳ󣬸Ǽһ𳤴󣬺ܶ飬ǰǵ֪ҲӦú
ӷתͷһɣ˵ʵӷȷɣӲǲӵĻҲһ࣬һ١ֻǳӷôҲ벻ǾȻ˿ɣѵ֮ӡ
ã㻹
ӣֻǸСɫģֻһ󷨶ѡɲͬı£кܶ࣬Ƕ֪ġʵںܶǰѾǳ֮ȫѧˣԽǳڴ½ϵ˽⣬Ҳ֮ϣУھϵգ˳ᢵֶΣҲ֮¡ǰֲֻᣬ䵽ʱҲ˵ЩԹ飬ΪܱҡڣҶѾˣֻҪܽҸȳ۶ǣһصİ﹫Ӱµġ
ӷ绹治֪˵ôôĻΪʲô֪˲֪ǲʱ䣬һֱڹ۲ɣɵһһţ
Ǳ֮ǿ˵ǳɳ࣬ӷ粻ţ᷸ͬĴ󣬿ˣǱ֮£ʵһġ
ãҾ㣬պʲôĻ㸺Ҳ˵û˵ôãǽʧȫǵͷϡ
ǿЦһ˵С㣬ɶˣɾѺˣҲùʧͬʱҲǧҪʧźá
ɽһͷ˵ưԴ½һսѡ
ѽưԴ½һսȴһսҲҪ̣Ҫ뿪۶ǣسǣ֮󣬲Ĵս
վڳӷǰ棬ڣûж֡
ǳӷ磿
ξٴǰ˫ֽǰ֮߱
ţξټ壬棬ֱӽǸˣ
ǣҿҲǼ򵥵ɡȻ½С˵ôҲʶһ£ǲ˵ġ
ӷһԼδ˵ԼѾ뵽Լݸ˵͸ˣҲ˵ڣ۶˵ˣѾ֪ԼͲ͡
˫΢ӷڵȴû̼䱬Ϊӷ翴ĳǰվһˣΪ֮£Լһ㶼˽⣬ԣԼҲһ۾ͱ͸
˵Ϊۺɣڵ졣Σй۴½һ˶ѡ֮ξٴ
ӷޱ䣬ξٴ
һѾӦˣֶһξٴʲôôϵģξٴǿʲôǣƶѾɽˣξٴǷƶϸһơ
ˣӷʶ˵ξҲ˵Ǹڶۣû죬һξٱ£ѾǸ򵥵Ľɫˣʱǰǣһξٱ¿˳ӷʵݣ˵ֻһξٱ֪ӷ粻͡
νȮŮξٱŮΪ׵ξٴٲҲȥ
ǰĴ½ϣǿߣôĳǿ߸֮٣ξٴ֮һ
֮ԣۣ֮ħŮ֮۶֮
󳬼ǿߣڣ֮ԵĺھѾܱ˷ɽһСħŮ֮Ȳ˵۶ǰγѾӷɱЩˣӷ綼ǼģΨۣ֮ξٴӷǵһμ
ӣСһ㡣ξٴİͨȭ£ܵС
ֻ֪ξٴֻ֣ῴϷԼЩˣͿԳᣬҳһ·۶ǡ
ӷ˵ͷǰ˵ξټˡ
͹ӣͷ֮ϡûˣΪϾͽû
ô˵Ҹξٱ£ξҲʶ˵ʵ򣬲һҪˣҳˣһ·Ҳһ·
С֪ߵغѾͱһˡ

ξٴΪʲôҪŮһﵽʲô
ϻˣȽһȭɡͨȭ


1715 ޸ƻ
ξٴ԰ԵΪÿһȭлһɽֵܵסܵסģΪ֮ߣһȭУǾǱɡ
ȻΪףҲҪˣӷ֣ʥ۷徳磬Ը쾳ԿߣȻὫξٴȭһ¡
ɸͲȳӷȥֵξٴһȭﳤһ˳ӷǰͷϵĻƽʯȻһȫʱʮʮӲͽξٴһȭˣﳤԼҲܣڵѪҺʼϢңһѪȵؿڣֱʺ˵ı֡
ӷһƶ˳ﳤձһǿ˳ﳤյڣκεƻѪȻպ෴ӵһ޸ЧȻ֮䣬ͽﳤյ˸ȶ
ﳤû˵κεлĻûӷ˵ͷҲأֱӾǰһָξٴŭ㻹ûʸҼҹӶ֡
ξٴǺεİһͳߣ˵һλߣһ֣Ҫ¡
ڣﳤվȻ˵ξٴӷ綯ֵʸûУ˿ֱЦڳʮÿǺġ
Ҫ֪ӷʲôݣϹųᣬģϹųȻϹųѾʧˣ壬ϹųĳӣǵĿУӷһλ̫үǴ½ľ
ξٴﳤողŵľٶһ£ųﳤգʵľе֣ͲϾ磬ȴ֮䣬ʮʮҵȭƽ⡣㵽ʲôˣ
ﳤҲҪϻʲô˵ʵڵģǱţľǴ½˭֪һôĴڡ
£ﳤҲ
ξٴһϾȻ˳Ծɫһ˫۾Ķųﳤգ˺һʵϹųһǳĺ᣿
û뵽ξٴȻ֪Ϲųһ֮ǰӷʱʮֳԾģôܻ֪塣
Ȼ֪ҳ壿
ߣΪû֪Ϲʱڵ顣֮ǰ˵ӷϹᣬһе㲻ţɼȻǳĺᶼˣ룬ӦòĵȥðһͲӦôڵļɣ
Կ϶˳ӷ֮ξٴ𣬸ղųӷһ볤ﳤڣĳﳤƸȶСӣ治Ǹ򵥵Ļɫѽ
ٷϻɡ
ﳤգѾˣ˺Ϣһ¡һһξٴǰȻޱǿĴڣҵֻͨǿ߶ѡ
ӷ磬Ŀһһҵ뿴ôξټ£뿪۶ǡ
ѾſϷˣξٴӷȥԼҲԱҳӷڡ
ʵξٴô֪ܲʲôְй֮ǲκǰŵġ
㻹ԼɣЩˣͷɾҪˡ
ξٴǰӷԣֻˣҸΧκܣȻվһԣһ仰˵ˡ
˭ŻҺᣡСӣҼʶһ£ϹŻңŶɡ
ξٴҲһʦķϣС

ξٴܵסӷֲмĻ飬Ȼһ̤أһֱֱѷ쳯ӷȥѷ֮УðܵĻ档
ӷ粢ûȥξٴĹǰƻȥһеĵˣ죬ȴҪһַˡ
ͬǽһ̤أһ⣬ӳӷĽȥξٴǵѷš
¡¡
һ֮ǲһ޴ĳΧˣȫʮֻгӷ磬ξٴˣԭһҲû
漣ˣ˶ΪΧɼƻȴϣξٴѷеĻʧɳӷǵȴûʧͣĳξٴ̤ѷȥ֮䣬Ȼξٴ̤ѷ޸ˣ棬ȱ
һĻξٴڳ˴ΪԾһƻԵĹԷķʽԷһȴһ޸ԵԷƻԵȫˡ
ôܣ
ξٴͬʱһ仰ǶȥԼ۾Ȼᷢ顣


1716 
Сô
ξٴѾ֤ʵ˳ӷʵʱ½ЩԲǴԣǾԵʵԳӷʥ۷ľ磬Ը϶ľ翹⡣ȻΪҪģǳӷ𺳵
ֻ֪ӷӵһȫµԪأżƻԵͲ֪ӷȻΪһееֲĸо
ξټӣǲٵȥˡСÿһʱ䣬һ벻Ǳ뾡콫պǿ󣬾Ǽ֣κβˡ
㻹ϻʲô϶֡
ξٴվһĳǿߣҪԸӷʥ۷ǿߣ˫ʵ̫⣬ˣ˵Ǵ򣬹ƶԷֻҪڵָ֮䣬Խɱ
ɳӷȴĳǿ߷ʱ֮䣬һǿѪӷŭһ𣺡
һ˳ӷ󣬳ӷǶ׼ξٴģǶһֵϵʿ
ͻأһǿӷЩʿȫ˹ڵĳӷͺñһЩʿüٵʿͬҰ㣬֮䣬ȫӷ˵
еľħȫȻǸûһЩСʿǳǧĶɾûôˣüٵʿСȫȫһһڣЩеʿȫɵˡڶʿ֮һɵ͵ȼֻһɫ꣬ڻ𽥱Ĳҽӵд
ʿ̫áڣ֮ǰŭĵһ£ܽ۶ʿټһˣͻʥ϶ˡ
ԭӷ֮ǰûŭĵɵգڵȣ㹻ˣһյȡ֮ͻʥ۷壬϶쾳硣
ӷģûô򵥣һҲɵѽǼӷ޸ҲǻɵȻԽôʿͬһʱȫɵ˭ֻɵʱȥ
ʲô
ξٴٴγԾųӷ米ĵ׳ξٴİѾû֮ǰǰǿˣˣȥ
˫Ķųӷ磬аˣӷ絽ô쵽ģӵʲôȻ԰쵽һС
ˣȫˡһӵ󲻵ıаıû취ˡ
ܣ㲻˵첻뿪۶Ҳ͸ɴ⣬ˡ
һʿ˵̫ӷһǸ˵գ֮䣬Ƕʿֱɣˡ
ڣӷѾڵоۼһС㣬ΪĻС㣬һһƷԴߣͻûʸóӷȥգˣҲ𲻵κεãֱƵ㵤ҩ֮ȥǿ
ò˵񷶦ڵЩҩƷڵĳӷ˵Ѿ𲻵κˣ꣬ǧĹӷڣҲǸ۷徳ѣҪǵ϶죬ֱΣԣڵĳӷƵҩʲôģһȤûˣҪģǿȥɾǿߣǿϾÿһǿߣһǿߣõǿ߱ʮ֮һˡ
ȺһӣӷֶΣëȻ⻹𣬾Ȼ˳˵ֶΡӦ˵˳ˣϾûмӷԳˣҲΪղɵЩ̫Сˣӷ粻мȥǣξٴǵȽɫӷͻֱϵԽǸɵȻٽõ
ӣڻڵ۶֮ڣ˵Ȳܾġ
ǼӷǲˣҪһֱ˵ӷ뽫۶ǵȫɵĻҲ̫á
ӷϴЦǣȥʿȴˣʲôƵģܳӷôȥʿ𲻵κεˡ
ô£Ϊʲôղˣ
ӷҪʶ̽һµʲô£ͻȻдһ
ռѳ㣬ʼռţò׼
дóӷһʱֲ֮
ȥ
ûиʱ򣬾ȻҪˣ˷ܵЩʿǳΪҵʱʲô䣬ǰɣ
Ļᣬ˵ʵǳѵãԷȫǵˣֶ࣬ӷòлȥԴߣǵɵȻ˵ռѾ㣬ʼռˣڿռŵͬʱҲǲ񷶦ʱⲻ
쵰
ӷһתͷǺˣȫ˳۶ǡ


1717 
񷶦оű䣬һԵ𣬶⣬Ϊıưԣ죬䴴߱ݺᣬ˱޵Уű
ӷ绹ڵʱ򣬾Ѿ˵һ䣬Ǵ½˵ڶ䣬񣬲񷶦Ҫеˣڳӷ˵Ǻ£ΪߵĶӷĿǰ֪ʮǿĴڣΪ񷶦ûвǿ֮
ֻ񷶦ʱʼ仯ͲǼˣӷ绹ɶһʿһʱһٵϾ磬ڲ񷶦һ䣬Լڵе᲻ȫ㣬ӷɾͲܱ֤ˡ
УҪȽڵеóȻTMͿˡ
ڵ۶ǵʿеη壬˳һ·ʱӷﳤʮã˳ȥԼϺʵҪɾеó
ڵûʧûлص񷶦֮ڣӷ񷶦Ҫеȡȴϡ
ʾʾڿռţ֮޷κҪȵռ꣬ɣȡ֮ǰ
Ǵӵзģãʵǲ񷶦壬޸һеģǰǳӷ籾Ҫ㹻޸һеʵУǳӷ̵ģɱˣΪȫǿˡ
ڲȡ֮ǰڲֱ͸ˣôʱʼţ᲻ţ
ӷûȥܱģ֪ǵϾڣӷ綼ûһȫµ磬вһͬ硣
еٴδڵδѽ
ޣռޡԽܲԽ࣬һۼΪһ֮󣬾ͻγһƬС͵Ļ磬Ƭ磬ǴԴȪֻ֮Ҫȥơ޸磬γһȫµˡмǣһй̣ҪڲнСɹ֮󣬿еʮ˴Ԫ񣬽Ƴӳ֣УͻȻȻȫµˡ
еĴ˳ӷĶУӷ֪ԭһȫµ磬ڵ֮ڴģã˵ķ֮ģҲܽκһ޸ΪڴԹУᷢͬ⣬Ǹʱ򣬾÷֮ʱˡ
ֻ
ʮ˴Ԫ
ѽڲ񷶦ֻоŴԪѽڣѾԪ˵һΪ˾ħΪӷĶԵУôе˵ʮ˴Ԫأ
ѵǲ֮ڲڶǾŸλ
ͲҪӷȥ룬еٴ𣺡ԭֻžŴԪŴԪΪÿѡѡﱾ޷õģǱҪԵԪ֮ڣΪЧΥȻǵʵ壬ƹ硣ڲԭеľŴԪа˸ɷɵ֮Уеĸ죬ڵһΪϳ۳Ҳ񷣬Ԫֻܷɵ֮ڣõ޸񡣵һеǰᣬҪڲʱȫУ֮ǰֻ԰˸ԪϿٵ䡣
еѾֹͣڣӷҲ֪øˣ֪ŴԪʲôõģоǣ֮ڲжľŸλʲôõˡ
ʱ򣬳ӷѾо޵ڿʼۼۼһ޴ֿ֮ʼɢΪѾ֮ǰʮÿһ׳󣬶·һǴ½ĴСԣƬ޴ĵУγƬС͵Щͬӷѩ֮õĻ㣬ӵɫĹâЩâǿʼ󣬻ǱеǿѪѹȥˡ
ħΪ˾Ÿλÿһħ󣬶˳СЩСѾγһ֧֧ǿľӣڵУ޵ĺУ

ӷԾĴģ仯ʱУ˵ڶԪԪɵߴһ޴ıըը󣬵Ͽգٶ˾ħǰľ𣬵Ѿʮħʮħǲ񷶦еԪ仯ɡӷ绹ӦʮħȻĿԽΪһ壬仯ԭԪص񷶦еģڣûǸҪһԪص񷣬治֪еС᲻Ὺʼҡ
̼䣬Ҳ˵ڳӷգ֮䣬ͷ˾޴ı仯д˵ЩҲѽ磬ξٴǣȴǸշӦɴ˿ɼڵдеı仯һʱڣʱ䣬ûзκεĸı䣬˵ʱ䣬ȫֹͣģ
ҽӷǷɢˣɱӷˣξټסӷ磬Ҫǵٳˡ
Ѿӷ米ĵˣɵûʧڲ仯ʱǾԿġ
ӷһ䣬ļһ쵰Ȼʱ͵ϮԼɡ
ȻӷѾվ֮ξٴӷЦ֪֪ϹųΪǿʲô

ξٴ໥һۣȥ֪ϹųΪǿʲôԲСˡ
ӷǷһЦȻ޷ȥЩˣˣͲֶܿ飬ҾˣҲҪٸǵɫ
Ұǣ죬Ҳ۶ǡ
ӷһȭѪͻǿۼ˳ӷΧ
ﳤǸоѪȫֹͣŲת֮ϵĳӷ硣
ӣҪƿȭ̫ˡ
ѽΪһ֮ƿȭȻԼȷܲ㡣
ӷŲô࣬ı仯ԼѾ׬ˣٿҲ˶١
ӷһȭտʼۼͻȻڵĲ񷶦ʼ仯
ɣô죡ʲôûʱ񷶦
Ĺܳӷûʱ䣬񷶦һֱӾͽӷ˽ȥ
ۿųӷʧʧ֮ϣӰ١
أ
ӷأ
˵ܣӲµģϳȥ
ܳӷˣȽɱ⡣
áһܷŹǻϼȥ


1718 
񷶦ѾһƬʣŵİ鲼ڲ񷶦ÿһ䣬ͷ·һֻаʲôڵ磬ӷƬ֮УԵļΪɣȴҲѾо˿ˣԼ壬һĵģһУŬȫΪУֺƬںΪһ塣
ͻȻ䣬ڳӷǰһѪ⣬Ѫ𽥵ſγһľڵ֮УĶŰʮħλǣûȥֹǵŰÿһħڣǿҵÿһɫͬͬʮֲʹ⣬ľۼǲԶĵطһּٶȣǳԽ˹ٵٶȣγһ壡
ʮ˸ڲͣתţ໥֮ŹУҲͬʱһߣ߼ʮ˸λãһ޴ıըɱը֮λóһС͵ϵϵ֮Уȴûκε򣬽ֻһֵϵĶҲȫΧϵΧȴûκζҽϵ֮ڡ
ʮħϵĽΪޱȾ޴ĶħһɫӣǶħıڸסͬʱƾճ֣ħ£ħžڵ֮Уͣš
ӷ۾ŵеת䣬ڲϵţħǽеԪǺ˳Ѿӷ忪Ķħ仯Ϊԭȵӣ̨㣬֤һһС
һ⣬ɵеĲͬڿٵĳϵоۼûȫۼͬһλãǷɢϵеĲͬ䣡
ʱ֮䣬ϵвÿһⶼһȫµ磬һȫµ򣬿Щ硢ȴδΣֻһʼĴڣҪͬľ𲽵ľһ
ӷ֪еϵһǴһص㣬磬ҲһϵвģôԼڸʲôأ
ɵģۼǿϵ֮УղŵдѾ˵ˣлۼһƬ磬ۼĻ磬ԴȪȲ񷶦ʱͿԽתΪˡ
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ӷĽ£ڷ仯ǽµһУſƵģϸȥԭǽ£ãţڱѵǲֻǽøˣУʼһȫµĴڡϵ
ڵõϷ¯ðһɫĹâ¯ͷųӷ´һѣƬ磬Ȼˣңڳ
ʲô
ӷҪȥֹȴϣȻֱӾͽ˵֮Уֱϵ֮ڣϵĳһֹͣ
ɣһƬ磬ǾǴ½ƬɣҺò׵õĻɲģ
ӷ粻ò˵ģ¿ɿˡ
Ҫǻȫܵ飬Ѿڵеϵ֮ˣϵ֮ͷųһĹߣÿһߣ֮ǰۼϵͬطЩ㣬ϸȥһµĻ˻֮⣬㹲оŰپʮŸÿһ㣬ŻУϵۼȥ
ѵƬ磬ֱӱΪЩϵе壬ЩգγɲͬĻ𣿡
ܶ飬ڤڤ֮Ѿע˵ģӷѩ֮µõ磬֮ǰӷΪڣֽ˵УΪ˴һ壬ֻƬ磬ǿ޵ıЩգȫµĻܵĻǴ½Ļ磬治ǸǵģƬеĵһ磬ʣһ߱Щڱѽ
Ρ
ʱת˹ӷ翴¯ڣһЩҩĶɫвͬâ
ǵҩɣ
ӷٶȣ¯ڵĶȫһǵҩңЩҩԼûģƷҩѽǣԼ֮ǰûȥ̫ĵҩѽƳЩҲùˣʣ޼ĲŽ¯ƣɲҲôɣ
ǻƳİɣ
µǿˣ׬أ
ڳӷ˵ЩҩٺãҲ𲻵κεİҪ϶쾳磬ЩҩûõģǣЩҩȴ԰ԼµЩΪоǣ֮ǰʥ۷ʱǸǱ߲ϵϵϵĻߵǱϵԼԼͿԽЩҩ͹ȥˣʹ̵˵ΪȫȥԼػʱǱߵǴ½ߣҲһƽ㡣
ô࣬еĵҩȫպãȳȥ֮ȸǳԣǵΪ˵
һ˵ǿ󣬿κεĵˣŲ񷣬ڵĳӷ缸޵еĴڣֻҪƶģӦԼЩˣҲʱǵôˣȫǿˣʱܸԿ
ĻѽӣҲֻܳΪˡҲƳôĵҩ㹻ҵˣһˡ͹ԹԵĴڵаɣҲ磬ܰҶԸҲ˵
ʱɵвӷ벻֮󣬵ħȻһεңڵڵĵԪҲʼŽƣûֱӳڵһ㣡
ȴŰɣڵеѾ㹻ˣȲʱ롣
ӷ绰䣬ڵĵԪƽ
ৡ
һҲ֪ʲôط嵽˳ӷǰ
ӷ翴ڣԹԣȫµԴˣֻֻһ֣ǰһһ־֡
һһǿԴֱӾ͹˳ӷԺС
ָ
˵ԴΪָԴ̼򣬳ӷҲоԼڵСУȻҲ֮䣬С
֮ǰӷ綼û̫Сеϸоһ£ţԼڵС򣬾Ȼǧˣ
ѽ˵ʥ۷ΪСеСӦôŶѽҲϰѣΪʲôԼô࣬ѵǲ񷶦ĹϵҲԼʥ۷徳磬Կ϶ǿߵĹؼ
ôˣѾˡǿˣҲѾˣѾɣνΪҵ뿴ǿһôĳ̶ȡյõĵָõ۶ǵЩһѪһ°ɡ


1719 ָ
ǵ˸ɱ۶ǣϣڵ۶ŵ˷ǧľΧɱڵ۶ŵĳǽ֮ϣξٴ䣬˶Ǿߣʵû˵ˣˣǵ˾;ûء
СãҵˣǳǵķȥϺ󡣡
Ķ˿Ҳû˿ԥʲôᣬʲôأֵĺ
ǰӪңûƽƽĻȥģĶţԼĶӦò£ؾ֣ҲԵֵסһӣֻҪڳʱˣԶĻǣصֻǸʱ⡣
ɣҪսϳǵķУԽĻԽ󡣡
ɵУδ־ңʱܶ´ԼүүǾ鷳չˣһϺ󡣡
Ķ˵ͷ£Ӧģ˵ھļ˺󣬲˳ǵˣԼĻǾص˳ǣڳҲվȽŵġ
ģѾ㹻ˡɣؾ赲ǣϡ

ξٴͬʱ£˾ӵǰ
ЩСɫһԼǳӷˡӷǣעûصġ
ɲٸǷϻóӷû취ֻҪЩȫɱʱӷĴսԼ۶߾ռݵľơ
ξٴվһûж˵ʲô˫ۣȴͣĳΧɨš
ӷղ֮⣬ͻȻʧˣԳӷֶθӶҲǷǳģ˭ܱ֤ؼʱ̣ӷˣʲôԣξٴҪһ㣬ɲóӷռ˿ıˡ
ǽؾֻҪ󷨣оȫ赲Ϳڳʱ䣬ôߡ
Ļǻᣬǵδ֮ǰ˫Ѿ˷ӡ֮ǰһĹ¡һеؾֵڵأ˶ȥ˴Ѫ
֪ߵغļһǵڡ
ٶԣ˫ٴδӡһҪǵȫ
磡
ĶǱشؾǷӲκεˣȻˣǾƴɡ
赲ȥǡ˲ᣬ̵Ļ¡

ĹѾﳤʮȫǰһʮ֣һǿĽ硣
ϹųһֻǿŻƽʯ׽ʯ໥ϱǱΪʥ۷ľ磬Ⱦ磬Ÿӷһĵƣ·һ
ﳤʮ֮ǰͷӹǳӷʶһξٴ֮ҲʶɳﳤʮõΪͲǱϵǰǿֻǽֺеĿʯΪˣͬ˵ʵﳤʮõΪֻʥ۷徳磬磬޷ͻƣΪҪ϶죬ѾΪôˣҪԵŰĵ
ȻڳﳤʮõΪӷȻ֪ˣֻһ·ӷûжʶѡ
Ϳû£һˡ

ķӡѾ꣬һǿϢס˳ﳤʮá
޷࣬ơ
ãԴǵֵס
ҪѾ̫ˡ
һ֮ͻȻﳤǵǰһǿѪѪ֮ڣƾճһ˵Ӱ
ʲôƨԴһָƳ
ӷͬʱֻһϵĸߺָ
ӷһָͬٴ뺣һΧһеϢȫۼ˳ӷһָϣһѪȴ޾ǰ˻֮ô򵥣һַ·ԵѪ֮ڣһͷͣӿҵĽ֮ݲһнԻ٣屻Ѫȫʼã
ǿֲԴֲڣξٴʱ֣ǿƿʹѪ⣬ֱӾ˵۶ǵı֮ϡ
¡¡¡
ǻصıը۶ǵıţΧĳǽȫһ
ӷվԭأѪɢȥָ֮ϣðѪ̣һѸոտǹδȴ
û뵽ָǿ˵زһûջصأԴ治֪ǿ˶ٱѽ
ʱ򣬸ûٸǰһξٴٴǰǱӷղŵһˣ޵ĹûзӦ
ɫһתۣѾһҹʱȥˣһҹ֮䣬ӷΪûֶΣֲ֪˶ٱ
ȫ㶣˿̲ߣѵǳԷɡ
Ǻˣǡ
㻹ŸʲôѵŹ𣿽һηǳõĻᣬˣԺ󲻿Ļˡ
ǰܳӷԴôǿҲֻһˣͲţԼǧɱ˳ӷЩ¡
ӷ粻ˣһҪȫ
ǣ
׷ɱȥҪǽǵΧ֮ڡ
ξٴ˵ӷǿҲһˣΪҲûǸߡ磬ǽƴһѣ֣ɱӷ磬㿴Σ
ֲɵϣղŵһǵֵסģóӷ˵˵߾ߣԼڡ
ɱһҪɱģˣҲһҪԼǿѽȻξٴ飬ȥͷɡ
ã첻Ƕ֣ټǿߣóеͨӷɱڳǵΧ֮⡣


1720 һ
ħ塣
̷ħոսӵ۶Ƿ洫Ϣ˵ӷΪңųǵǿߴֵ۶ǡ񣬵۶Ƿأӷһ֮ɱ۶ǧˣѴȥ
ħ壬ڳӷδǵΧ֮ǰԶӷ˰ΧڳǸ۶Ľ紦˳ǷĴδ֮ǰӷȫɱ
ڰ׾ûڱչأħ̷ħ˵㣬Ҳǰճӷ֮ǰ׾ƶĻ¡
̷ֻħ벻ǣⳡսȻ֮죬Ȱ׾ڱչǰԤƵģҪһ¡
磬Ѿħ巢룬ȴڱչ֮УǲҪȥԮ
⼸ħ˿Ҳȫ̷ħ£ؼʱ̣˵죬½ͽһλȫµߣͳ½λߵǳӷ磬˭޷϶
˵ħ弸ħƽﶼͣ׾ñչ֮ǰѾ´ڣ½ˮѾտˣӷ֮Ѿ˰ȻĵزԼħڲһңǰӷ磬ǰһԼڲᣬǸͲҪκϽӷ֮ĴսˣڲͿ԰ħ壡
̷ħ˵ҶӦúħǸ۶֣ɰȴǸǵġ۶˸ǵĴսۿҪǰչˣһУ˴ϣħ嵽ǰ֮ǰļƻ£ֱӰǣһҲòע⡣
̷ħòע⣬ڸͲ֪ôˣһãӷ׾õļƻͽȫȻڳӷ׾õĹϵ˶֪ģȴħⷽƴһѣҲϧ
ʮܣʲô
̷ħʵʱ䶼ħ壬ʲôط֪Ϊǰ׾ðŵ£ư׾ǽΪһŵƣʱǲֵġ
ҿǻǰʦ˼ɡ
˼˵ǳȥ
һҪģΪˣڵħ巴ͬʱһħģʹħûȥ顣Ȼ˾ҲһҪǾͿͽоʦ֮ٿɡ
ʮ˵ûֻħ޴ȥʲôҲ˵ʲô
⣬ڲħ壬˵򣬻о¥ѾˡҲµĲĻǻȥˣҪᣬ˵һ龫¥ͬɱ͵ġʦ͵ĹϵҶҲ˵ħ岻ҪͬʱҲҪڰаͣϣĻͻǵֵסġ
̷ħ˵մϢ֮ξٴѾһˣ޷ȥֹ棬Ϊξٴ۶ʱҲһۼ˵۶ǵΧ˵ʮܣֻھ¥֮һȥˡ
˵¥ھĹϵе⣬ϺھҲҪ͵ģǳǿ߶ƣȥǣ߰첻
Ǿֻ龫ˡ
ţͽˣȥĴɡ

ξξٱˣһڣҵĴţԽʮǿξ϶һΪ޷ƽ⡣
ͻȻһĽŲ洫
ξٱȻߵǰ濴صʵι淢ʲô£
صʿеԥ˵ֺξٱ£ϾξټĴС㣬Ȼ֪ΪʲôᱻξٴɸŮ֮䣬ĸҹ
С㣬ңҲ֪ʲôѽ
ǲ֪ƭңˡ
ξǰʵǲĴҪˣ
⣬⡭
˵ǲǣ
С㣬ӣҲ֪Ǽ˼ǡ
ξٱ¿˵ӣϣԸˡ磬Ϊʲô׵ΪʲôͻȻת䣿
ξ·֪ʲôֲ˵ֻ˵ãҪ취ȥȻ˾һµġ
£׵׷ʲô£
½鷳ܱ֮ãκϽ͸֮Ĵս
ã˭ûǸͣΪסѵǡ
ţµûһУǷƶϸĹԣǱҪ취ȥС
ξٱԽԽģ˵磬ҪôˣƸ׵Ľ硣
ǱãΪ̫ˣĻСġ
ڲһ⣬򡣱ãҪϻˣ϶֡
ǡ

ʿ֮ڣϢ
˵۶ǷûϢ
ϢˡѾɹȳҵˡǡ
ʲô
ѾǱߵҪ·ɱǡģѾǻˣӦòʲô⡣
ӳڵ۶֪ڣѾǱߵҪǳǰսˡ˵ǽ޵еĴڣ۶ˣҲ˫ȭѵѽ
˶٣˵ȥҳǸ۶˵ĴսѾǰչˡ˻صķȥ֧ԮǣҪǳǷ㵽ף
ǣ
սһ


1721 ͱʮ
һһҹɳﳤʮ죬Ѿһɽ֮£ɽǺܸߣȷ˵ɽһ룬ԽһƬ󺣣󺣵ĶڣǳǵΧҲ˵ǣǱߵĴҪһ𣬶ҪȾһƬһ޼ʵĺ
ȫͣ
˵ǱǼţǸ޷ǰ
ⶼʲôʱˣ׷ţʱͣƬ̵Ļоͻ룬ˣ
컰䣬Ѿ˷ǳħ޽кеǴմģеǴӵ洫ģŷǳ޴𶯣ɴ˿ɼӵųǧڳ߿
ŨֱʣɱŻϻҳʹķ԰ǧ֮ڣսš
ãǵ۶˵׷ˡӦǡ
Ⱥ˵꣬˵㳲
ѽοǰŭˣȫ׼ˣȫƱҪӷ֮ء
ûϵ
ѾϵˡɳǸľ̫ңԶȫٶȣҲҪʮʱܵ
ǰУɲǵһˣڶ̶һ֮ڵģӲҪĻǾӵƾͻңǸ֧ͬһɢɳ㣬ˣҲġ
˵ѾȲˣǰȥ·׷ֻҪƴһˣ
׷ʵʲôǰȥ·
ָǰɽ˵ǰǴ½׵֮һڣ뵱ʱʳ˴֮󣬾ǸʴҲǴ½׵֮һн޳֮أ֮ǰӳǰ۶Ǳܿصģû뵽۶һ׷ǵķѾң׵ضˡ
ǻ䣬˴ΪԾܶ࣬Ҳʼ
˵ʵڵ˵ĵ£ֻ˵Լˣ׵أ̫ԩ˰ɡ
Ź½ļ׵أû뵽ΣʱȻѵ𣡡
ʱӷӰգͬʱ
ҴӲ죬ʲôܿЩ˵˵ĻҲֻ˵Щ̫Сˡ
ӣڸˣ
ӷ˫أκκ飬ֱ˵ˣǲܵˣֱӸҽڡ
ֹһ¡ӣ˵ûڿɲʳ˴ļѽ˵ӵʬЩʬȡľԪΪʳΪµǣΪôǿǿߣǳǿߣһڣеͻһεĹܣκһԴߵһ롣
ʬ
û뵽ڣȻЩ
ɲôΨһ·ǽˣ·ĻӷҲЩðա
˵䲻Ļ˵һᣬʮҲ𲻵κεвҲܶǲܡڣѡ񣬵һڣͨʴҲǱܼʱڶȣɱһʮ˿顣
ȷҲֻ·ˣ·Щҵġ˵ûܵ۶ȥΪһң³Ǹ۶˵Ĵսǰʼˡ
ӷɲɵӣǳ֪ȻѾżǾ˵ѾûκεĹ˼ˣ䲻ܱ֤ȫ׼ֻҪȫһ𣬳ҲԵֵġ
˵Ϊһңӷǿˣٸӷһµʱ䣬ӷȻұ֤£ԼҲоԵİգǱߵļ޷һսʮ죬ԳӷֶҲǰĵġأûӷκεʱᣬǴ½ĴսͳΪʮ֮սҪˡŶӦ˵Ѿˡ
Ǵ½һ𣬿ʼ޾ķ֮Уǰķ̣Ҫǿֻ˵ǽǰķ̣ΪӪӪ֮䣬
Ȼû˵ҲͲǶ˵ϻˡȫ˽ڣ֮ڣǲл᲼󷨡
˲˿ԥȫӷڡ
ڳӷ˽֮İʱȫ˹˵ҲʮΧȫռˣħޣħޣЩѾսħޣǰ
ˡ
վһͷ޴֮ϣԱߣξٴųǵĳȫڡ
Ҳһ£ʲôط
ţݣǰǴ½׵أڸʴ
ţݣӷһѾڡ˵н޳ģΪôȥˣԳҾͲţӷһˣԴЩˣͨڣ˵ǰĸʴˡ
˶٣һ£죬ͱʮΧڣ뿴ӷʲôܡ


1722 ս
걻һֺɫţһɱͨҪĶ࣬һΪٸߣҲͬһ֮γɣʹıΪȵ½˭ǳӷ磬޷ɢսڲʮӣ͸оڵ֮һ
治Ϊ׵أĹǷ˼ڣȻǽᱻεһֵ˽ͬһģԲҪı͵Ϯ
ӷѾڵߴѾԿǰһƬˣƬΪֲȥֻںϣƯĺǣ˵ĺǣҲħ޵ĺǣܶͨĺǡ֮ϣͬһֺɫڵĲͬһ֣һӵŸʴԵĶʲôֻҪƬ򣬽Ƭ򣬹³͸Щһıʴ
׵أȻһģ볣ϣȻϣͺñż֮Դĵطһعȣعٸǹȣ෽֮䶼ľ룬һĻôֱ֮Դĸطģ˵׵أҲǽһģԭ
ǸΪŮˣȻӷûȣڣҲ˳ӷʲô
½֪ı仯ƣȻҲ仯ġ˵ǰڸʴһϣһرŴ½ı仯֮仯׵أ漣һ𡣡
ԭˣǵƵı仯ʹ׵ӵġ
ӣڲ׵صʱڻ۶ǵΧ֮ڣҪ취ͨڣͨʴǲĻᡣ
ӣ²
ɻأǼæܹ
ǲɱˣĺãȻҾغˣһء
ﳤ˵ӣòڵɣ
ڵ˵ˣһָʴ֮ĶʴеֻͬΪʬɢģʴΪظؿ̫ҽĹϵ¸ʴ¶쳣ĸߣͬˮһһȥͻ̵ֻ̱ʣͷˣǸʴ˼ڡ
ȻʬɢĶʲô֮ڵģȫаĴڣӷǰٶ֮壬ԽеаԼڣҪյڵǲκ˺ģ˾ڶʱ֮ڣΪΣС£񷶦׽
û취ֻнȫһ֮壬ǵΪָܾͨʴصԼΧ֮ڣǱ߻͡
˵ӣǲûɱ
ʲôûɱʲôط
ѾڸΧֱӶǵĺ·
һ⻰ӷ֪鷳ˡ
Ǹôˣڣӷ˽⣬ûоԵİսӷɱԣΧַ뽫ӷȫΧ֮ڡ
ж
ش˵ʮ򡣡
ʮ
ȫ󾪣ʮѽɲʮڸΧԼ˿ԽڵɢҪɱڣҲǲܵġ
ӣǲһˣͱʮ뽫ء
ӣڸô죿ŪǱߵľӹҲԶԶġŪΪߵΪҲǱߡ
ӷ̾˿鶼Ѿһˣû˿·ˣֻҪϵǰУлư¡
˶ˡ
ӷˣ˵ҳ۶ǵĴսѾչֻһվеһ㲻ͬڣҳǵ˵һƬ󺣣ǵĴδоȴѾӸΧʱԼķԲңӲǱҪȣȴло򡣡
˶٣ӷʵǣôˣ
ӣʱҲɾͰҵ۳µʱ̣Сˣʲô
ܺáڵܲܽؾֵȫӳ
ӣҵһ룬ҪСøϲС
Ǻãϲ󷨡ʧȥһ棬ҲһȵĲͷʱɱڵġסҪȷ沿ӣδģһ롣
ǣӣȥ󷨡
࣬졣
ڡ
ӷʦ˵νɽɽˮˮǵؾ֧ŵ˶ãŴﶼиԣǲܹ⿿ǵ󷨡
ʲôԸ˵һɵġ
ܺá˵ʬҲˣڲųΪ½׵صġڵ̫࣬ʮñѻʯԣҪԭеȥԿʮ
ӵ˼ǣڵʬ
ûǷһҩʦһǶҩʦҲԼ֮䷢ʲô£ڣ֮ʱǱҪԼ˽£ҽЩʬǵרҵסЩʬ

ûǸҪǾԣҲʲôһҪ쵽
ͬʱ͵ͷӷģΪİҵһµġ
ǣ㲻ϵϵʱұڵλãҪٶͨʴͨʴʱǧҪСģմһκˮҹƣⸯʴǹȥˣôΧսɡ
ǣϵ
ˣ׼Ҳ˵ԣд飬֮óľģûģͲȡһսʤ
ͬǣӡ
ⲻһսͬʱҲһսĿǰӷ϶·ģܷܲΪʤʮưԾǴ½ָϹų뿴ٷ·ֽ⡣


1723 Ⱥ۾ۼ
ڶһסˣӱϿǽڸκ˶޷룬֮УҲȱڵģǹģΪģǲԽԽǿĻڵˣȫաȱڣΪɢȥͬʱҲΣա
סڣɵķЦ
һǣؾֹȻ˵á󷨵סҵĴҲδ̫˰ɡ
ʵûҲ֪ǲģڣԼһֱֵӽӷ档
뵲סǣͬʱҲԼ·ӣӷûҪˣƬս
ξٴ̾˿ط򣬻е㲻Ȳ˵ڣ֪᲻ǨƵʴǱߣ׵أκ˶޷סۼĹ
ƶǰ˵ȥȻǽӷڣͬʱҲʱ䡣˵䲻ģǵҲ൱Ӵһͨ˸ʴߣǵʱҪֵġ
ƶһۣϲ˷˭УǷƶϷˬġ
ƶ˵Ҳû뽫ӷڣҪʱģʱ֮ڣǱߵĴҲԸϹ
ڲò׼һӷǣǽǱߵĴͨ˸ʴҲϰ
ƶ죬ǳϴһյʴȥǵľӶɺ͸ҽǴںϣһϰͷ
ƶǳͬʱŵ۶һպһǧˣǰʴߣȴĴ֧Ԯӷ硣
ͬʱʵħǱߵԼͷϢҪӷʱ䣬ħ˫ҲѾѽΪʲôһһ䶼
ξټ㿴ħǱߣòʲôɣ
ξٴ˵ħ᲻Ҳұ֤Ͼ֮ǰѾ߹ң׾øӷĹϵܲһ㣬û˿Ա֤ǲϷǱǲκģѾӵ˶ϵķֻҪҪͻ֧Ԯ㡣
Ӷϵķ˵ģɾǷƶˣӣξٴ飬ҲƶϸסˣûƣξٴôὫξξٱ¸ֻǲ֪ƶϵʲôֶΣξټ壬壬ǷƶڶǰµŵƣĻǷƶѾڰпסǴ½𣬳ӷĳ֣Żʹķƶֳģ
ʲô
еһֲܾûʲô⣬ⲻԼߣħ߾Ǳߡ
׾øӷĹϵ泬ǵǵڣħûҲû˵ΪħĹϵˣ
ɫ䣬ˣѵħ뵹ǹͷӷ˶ԸԼɡ
ȥ壬ħǱ߿ǵĴѾʱУʮ¡
ӣ㻹治һĵùѽξٴ˵ûѾ˸ʱ֮ڣ޷ˡ
ߣھŭģ
¥ɽڣѾ¥ˣվһξٴһҲ⣬Ŵ˵ΪУھǸξٴģҲ϶ڶ֮ǰѾʶģξٴһ㶼ֺھʶһԼδ
¥¥¥¥ˣҲµĲĻλһ¥ŭİɣ
ξٴһھ͵ŭĵţ֪Ǿ¥¥¥ɼξٴ֪ʲôľ¥ˡ
ξټȻһϳ˱
¾Ŵ¥Ϊͨ죬ֵµˣҲǿޱȣѽ
ξٴʶ꣬Ƣǳһ佱˵ˣȻ˿ڷأڷ̶ϣ
ңδ֣θһֱ֣ӿסΪǧҵҲŲòǵģ飬ң޹ء
סʲô˼вξټ𣿲ѽһξټ壬Ӧò˵ɣӣԭԭҲξٴΪʲôͻȻ˺ãĹؼڡ
ȲҪ˵ЩˡǸղ˵ˣʲô˼
ػߵʱҲѾֻɹʧܣԣǼ¥ȫѾ³ˣϵλŵӣʱҲ֣ɱӷ磬𡣡
Ŷ˶ɽӷˡ
ûΪɻģǶϵλŵӡڲ˵ʱ·ϣ־һкڷɽĵطڶʱ֮ڣǸϲˡ
ڷɽ
ξٴ˵ڷɽλڵ۶ǵϱߣǴ½ɽ֮һ
û
ʵǲħɵĺ£
һѡ
ʲôһˣֵס壿
һ˵Ȼǰ첻ģħҲûȥˣɴ˿ɼ飬й˼Ż赲֮ƲͻΧġ
ھŭģȻ·ϿˣΪʲôȽûûڲ
ˣģǶǻ𣿡
ھ֮⣬ֻܴӷһ£Ƕˣ
ȻġҲǷϻ취Ǳߵһ°ɣȻȳӷĴһ£Ҳռκεıˡ


1724 ӭս
ǰǸʴˣֻҪͨʴ͵ڡ
ĻǵĻҹ·ʲôȫˣϰͷħڿ쵽ʴˣ
ʴǳǸ۶ǵĽ紦κΧطȴǷǳΣգһСģʬ޴档ȥȫԭӪ˶ɺĺ֮ٳ
ļ֧ԮӷǱߣȴ֪оսΪľļһͻ˷磬ȫûκεĺôңҪͨǸʴ½ļ׵֮һʴ֮ڣҲ˵һͨʴҪĴײˣûһȫΣ˺ҲᱻĴңıһɢɳǣֱˡ
ǳĿǰߵͳ죬Ļ͵ǳӷһ£˭ҲӵĻ͵ΥҪնġ
ȴ޷κһʿеʿȫվԭأһҲ
췴ˣϴȥ
ҲƬ̵ͣѽڹǱѾܳˣǲϵĻ¡
֧ǲľǶڵģĵģǳӷһˣڸʴˡ
̾˿Ҳ֪ȫǳĳӷǱߣӷǵ쵼ߣӷκ⣬ǳҲ͵ˣֻҪǳǵˣûв֮
״ҶĹǵİȫɴûǿжɺĻȲ˵Σյ⣬ҲǳԲġһƣˣʱôоս
Ļ˵صϣԼ߻֪۶ǱߵľԿ϶ǣоһԼ߶࣬ߵ·ҲһԼ٣ϣǷǳռơ
˵ûڽƣ¶սоĻǾǵоһʮ֮£ǸͶס
ֵѾȥˣɴߣȴû
ƽıֱȸֵҪãǸ̫嶯׻¡Ϊʲô˹ؼʱ̣ȴˣ
ĻУͷΪ˴ֵ֧ǵʱӷǰʱѾѡ˳֮Ҳûκεı䶯
˵ˡĩǲľǸոյõ˵о鱨
˵Ǳߵô
߳ԶĸֵĻ̷˻Ҳʵ㵹ǿ˵ˣоôˣǿǿĻǿ٣
Ҳֱ˵۶ˣ򣬾¥δħ壬ʮڣѾͱʮţޣҽţ޵ؽڵڸΧ
ʲôʮ
ûˣھȳҵ֮һ·ֱڣѾ۶˵ͣ׷ɱ֮£Ѿˣ˽֮ڣ۶ŰΧסҪǡ⣬ƶǳ֪Ϊλûŵ۶˵һ֧־ظʴߣһǻġ
Ļ쵰
һֵƶǳѩ֮սʱӦΪʲôţ
ڲںƶǵʱ򡣹Ѿ˽ڣǸʲôطӦΪ
ѽǰͽ֣ĵطڼ׵أȻҲ˸˽⣬
˽ڣǿһĹطһ룬ûгĻᡣ˵ֶθ߳ǹȶǽģڿɱǹΣѽ
ǱڵߵԮҲѾǳ˳ģҪţսͬʱ׼һΧǣһ߶½ǵĴħ壬о¥Ĵǿ߶δһս׶༪ѽ
һ£˵õͼ
ͼڳӷȥǹ֮ǾѾ˺ܶݣڽоս֮ãĵͼ˵ȳӷĸӾ׼ڳӷ뿪֮˺ܶ޸ĵġ
ͼùһ£ʵҪ·ǰţޣʱϣҪã
ֵشҪֱͨʴʮ졣ңҪķħ޲С
ǷԷħͨʴжĻʲᱻƶǷ֣
شƶǷֵĻΪ㣡
ֱͨʴ֮⣬û취ˡ
̾˿֪ǺʱͻȻһʿ˹
²룡
˵ʲô£
ǰĸʴϣֵо
ʲô
벻ԼĻδɺǱߵˣȻȳֱӹΪǿɱ
˶
˵ǧˣΪʮս
ԷɺĻᶼûСڸô죿
ϴҳӭСֵ˺ʮӪ
ǣ
ֵһ۴ǰһֻ֣˴ļϣ֮䣬ûκεķϻֱԵ㲻Ⱦơ
һЦ˵δãȫܺȾơ
ҾΥһҳе
оһȣһ𿸡
ãܺáֵܣˣϣоսսʱսϼ㡣
һҿɲ㡣ֵܣء


1725 ս
ʴԶλãʮҾ޴սԼٶȳĴǰУ;û˿ͣսϣվÿһ˶£ֱֳһ֪Ⱥսӡ
ڸʴϳʮսͬʱΪֲ޷ȥ֧ԮӷǱߣɳ˴ľӣʮսԿȡĻϣͨʴ½ţޣϻӷˡ
ǴľӣǸֵľӣǳӷ羫ѰģȫĵҲ˵ڲҪȫɳֻҪɳڵо֮ϵͿˡ
ͬʱʮսɻڵķֱӾӭгڸʴ֮ϵս
ʮʮͿ˭սˣⸯʴϣƵսʴʴҲ˵ڳ֮ǰѾ׼սЩսֻͨʴģɺ֮սûʲôˣΪһսȫûͷ·
Ƹ۵һսߵĽϣʤһͿ˫֮ôˡ
ٽоֻаﺣˡ
Գǽ֮ΪֵܽΪٽ
Ǵ½ϣе·̼㣬һΪϵİ⺣еİ˫ս֮䣬㹻ľ롣
ƳĴ׼á
ڳڣĿɲô򵥣ҪھǴ½ǿͨսҲ𲻵κεáǵĳӷ绹ڰʱѾƳһȫµȻֻǴ½ȫµڵǺܳģΪڵȴҪ֮ԴӳҲ˵Իƽʯ׽ʯɵġ
ʱѩ֮սӷûȫƳɹʱ䣬ӷѾķ̸ˣںö෽йĶƳһ֮ԴΪڵĵڡ
ÿһսϣʮöڣڣȫ׼ǰĵо
һ޴ӣ˴ӵǰһɫӣϣһֻɫķӥͼꡣ
ӥģķģ
ʱѧϰսļɣͬʱҲ˽˸ڡǣǰԾģȴδ
ٽǿ½һ˵ʲôʮ̫оǰɱ󣬾İǵĵһְλ
ʮ̫İǵٳȴҪ˼ҵĹ治Ǹ
ٽֱӽоȫǡ
ϻѵǸĴϲɡȫ׼ȵоٿһ㣬ͿڣȡһٽǸ
ֻҪսһⸯʴϾҲ˵ͲҪȥǵоûأֻҪǵսһսζʤȻԼҲˣͬĽ
ȫֿҪһ𡣡
ǣٽ
ʮսȫֿʮĺ룬ԷͲһ¸ʮս˺䲻֪оʲôֶΣҾڸʴϣȻˣ˵оҲЩֶεġ
ҿڡ
û˿ԥٶȣоȫǿǱߣֽһɱ
¡¡
һڵȫо˹ȥϾںϣҲ̫Ҫһ¾ʹеоս˵ʵǻûôõ
ͻȻ䣬ʴλã˾޴ıըˣˮΧſˮ˿ţʿֹͣ¹ҿٺˣɲҪûо򵽣ԼͰԼŪˡ
ӥĵսϣǰŵģһһߣȫֹͣǰУǰսʵǵлѣ
үүҲܿ϶ǻǡ
¡¡
Ǽں߿ɲʲôɣεĹһǵˡͷŷ죬Ǵ
ǣ
ͻأһĻ򣬴սϷǱߺ˹ȥ
ٽãоʼˡ
÷ʩմϰκˮͻġ⣬ҼڣҵҪǵǵԴǿ󡣡
ѾԷõģһͷųԴʲô
ͬʱţߵĸʴϣƶǳϲͬʱźһﶼеĪ
ʲô£Ϊʲô
мսںϣһһ֣Ӧþǳǵˡһǡ
ǿսضߵû˳ѽ⵽ô£
ûֻߵȳǵĴڳǴûȫһ֧Сӣȴںϸ˴ˣ⵽׷ʲô£Էʲôˣ
ȲܶԷʲôˣ֪ͨҲľɳ


1726 ʬ
һоλھһҪŽųȥ
ĶѾǲؾֻ֣ҪҲᱻ󷨷˵ģɲ˶ǼΪ󷨣ǺǾԸɡ
ӷȫۼһ𣬵ڣҲͺ컹ûǷΣգҪȥҳڵʬͬʱҪЩʬȫ
û֪ڵŶʬԿ϶ǣЩʬǧŻᵼԭʬģ
ţڵʬǵǹ룬ˮ֮壬ͺñȽհ㣬ܶôǿ޷Ǹ򵹣Щʿͬǣʿӵģֻĳַǵ죬ɲ֮塣ʬɲͬûģҲ˵ѾǧģȫЩʬ壬ʣûʬ壬ɱһΣҪǸƬⱻһУͰ첻˵ڣЩδֵʬ޵еĴڣҪܷǸסˣƺˣͺñǧûƺãһùģǳӷˡ
˵ʵӷҲûףʬñ˫нɱеͬʱҲܽԼȫɱ
ôûûǳʲôɣ
ӷļ߶ţǵҲȳӷ绹Ҫļ
ӣѾͱʮΧڸΧǵĻ޷ȥġ
ǰӷ˵һ顣
ӷ΢΢һֻ֣Ҳһ취ҲûУԼһ˵Ļ˵ɱУٿˣҲᱻκ˷֣ǣ̫ˣ񷶦ǽȥģӷҲܴǽ룬鷳
ȣĵĵȡҶ˽⣬һ͵ס֮ˣһȵʱ䳤ˣɱڵġ
һ˵ȷڳ˵֮⣬Ѿû취ˡ
¡¡
ʱԶһıը
ӷλڵߴԿʴըӷȫȥֻڸʴ룬һϴս
ӣһҴȫ֧Ԯˡǡ
ȻҪҵĻڸʴ֮ϣĵҲδ̫˵ɣǸʴϣһСģȫûĽ
ѽӣԺϵսǺܶࡣ
ţͳʱҲˣɵȫһɺû´ĻһǴ߸ֵһ˴һ֧ȶɺ̽ģȴ½
޷ɺĻ߾Ϳ˵ǹԮˣ
𼱣ڻܿ϶ϵսΣǻǱĵĵȡ

ʴǱ߸մսڳӷǵĺ󷽣ִ
һתֻѾˣңǵĺ棬һ֧顣
һĻӷ绹еĿɿڴ
ⶼʲôʲôѽ
ֻں޵Уһһǵĺ棬һðۣͷڸסġʬ壡
ǡʬ
ӷ̾˿ûиҲѽ
ӣǻˣҲʬˡʬʵ̫࣬޷ȫֻһ֧Сˣ
ӷ絽ڻûӦźʬķôǾԼͲھǴ½ڿӰһ
ҲǴӵģ
ӷ粻Ķһ仰ʬĻ棬ôôӢݵĹƬأ
ӣ˵ʲô
ŶûʲôǸɵĲЩʬôסģ
ӣҸһֶֶԿ壬ǻ˻˶ԿƣֻҪһ죬Ǿͻߡ
ⲻǸʬˣ¹Ƶѽ
ţţšɵĲǼƺǣǧҪƺˣӦú
ȷӣЩʬѸ㣬ҵĶֲ˶ãҪÿһʱ任һζС
ãֻҪǸҿƺˣǵˡ
⣬ǳӺ߷أʴϵ㱨һ¡
ʲô˸ǵںϴˣ
ǵġѵЩˣɳȥ𣿡
ϻҪ˳ֱӴǵαֽڰߡʲôˣǵģˣûпЩսʲôģ
սϣǷӥġ
ӥߣûзӥĵɼȻǵҲǳӷˡѵ˫ս֮һɡȥ飬Էʲôͷ
ξٴʵȷǷӥģ
ûξټҿĺǷӥġ
ţȥˣ֪Էʲôͷˣ


1727 ѷǵ
ʴϣսѾ˾룬ٶȣս´ǱߣҲͨ棬˽Ƿӥĵһν֪֪ˣܰսʤ˽ԷǷǳҪġ
˵ȫµܿϧʱֻзʱ䣬ûʱȥ´֮ԴڵʹеоսоսҲѾ߷ɢ̫ĹϵͷųԴȫա
˵ⸯʴϵ˫ڴһʱս߸ûʱȥ˷ѣҲ԰һ̣ӷǱ߾Ҫˡ
ܲôˣһҪٶȣоȫ
ҧأͻСΪսʿҪʱ׼սһΪܽʴϵϰȫɾƴһѡ
ֱӳȥͬھҲ˺󣡡
ʮսսϵȫʿûκһüͷģӴսٶǰУ˵Ҫоսײ
ϵǿԷͷսϣ۵߿Ŵǵս͵ĳ˵ߣһʱͲ뵽˶ԷҪʲô
ǲǷˣͬھķ𡣡
һ˵үүϵתɡ
ֻˡš
߸Ҫ´ΪǵսʹѾսˡ
ǲǵ۶˵ģҲڵ۶κһġ
ǵʮսϣϣһɫĳ֣Ϊ֮ǰнûȥģȻȻ϶ԷϾǵսǴţǱ߿ģǴһںϵǣ֪ѾͱʮΧųӷ硣
үүǵȷǵ۶˵սǡǵˡ
죬ϷѶţжԷֹͣѣǵˡ
죿
ĸ죿
ֲǳģ˵Ǻܺģ
ȻƵ죬ǳӷڵعʱǸ죡ǣ첻Ǹӷֿ󣬾ͻȥΪʲô
һ£߽үүѵߣ̼ҵļǵĻЩ񲻾̼ҵ
»Ǵˮһ˲һˣ
үү̫ˣǵս̫ڸֹˡУҪϵǱȥǵ߽սֹͣ
ж⣬ȫҳˣٶˣܸǵս
̼ҵʮսٶȳȥͬʱ𣬳վսȥ
ٽоս˷ɹˡ
ļһҪҷ㡣
ҲǺǵģʱΪҲѾ˲٣Ȼڵط˸Ҷһ˷ɹԼȻӭսˡ
ߺˣ
ֳִ󵶣գԡ
Ҫ˵Ҳ˵ҪͣͲͣ˵Ļᣬд󵶣͵ľһ˹ȥ
ڵعʱΪӷĹϵΪʥ磬˵ûСǱߵĽȣҲǸһƷ֮ѽԴһȻǿԶġ
ֵܡ
˭ֵܣ
ʱѽҪ̽ʴϵϰȫɲϻ
ҿɨҶ

ֳִ󵶵ĴүתٶԽԽ죬Ŵ󵶣Կ֮ƣֱӱƵˣû˿ֵء
ҲǻˣԴӸӷֿͻص򣬱̼ҵݣ˵Ǹ̼ҵĴˣ̼˵ʸûСӵعȥʱͬΪ˲٣ѣڼıϣһٽһĵһļ岮֣үүҲսϵλ̼֮ǹĿ࿴ֱӾͽ춨Ϊ̼һļ̳ˡ
θ̼ҴΪ򶼷˱䶯ΪξٴͻȻ֣ٴƹ򣬲һҪȥˣܶ嶼ˬȴûһ˸ȥξٴ˼
ڣ̼ĵλߣŲǰʮ֮ڣԣ̼ҲûֱӸξٴȥ۶ǣΪ˺Ԯӡ̼һʱ䣬Լڵعʶӷ̼ҵļΣҲ˵˳ӷһôˣĶһҪõرԼ̼ҲӷվͬһϵĻǵʱӷһҪɱģͲҲξټˣ̼ҡ
Ź͹ӵţֶΣ½û֮ġλ죬ΪʲôҪӷϹϵɺһ룬ӷǴ˵еĴػߣ֮Ҳǲ£֪˫У˭ܳΪߣһǳӷӮˣԼȫһԼ̼ңҪù
Ҷһڳӷһ̣Ѿע̼ҵùˣǳӷѡģûϵξͶǣȥ
ʵεľӷԭ뷨ǲͬģӷ̼ң̼Ϊһӣʱڣξٴˣ̼Ұճӷ˼ȥ죬Ҳòµģֱ̼뿪ͶǣҲһ벻ɡ

лѻʳˡ
µһ֮һСӣɡ
ס֡ˣǲĵˣѡ
ٷϻ
ͲҲֱֻ˵͹ӵˡ
ʲô
ֹͣ컹ǱȽԶģ֪ǲҪˣ
ʲô֤ݣ
֤ݣȻеģˣӷһѪԪڣҲΪ̼վȽŵģ򣬾ǵΪǳӷʥ磬ѵ̼Ҿȫʥµ
ڵѪԪͷųӷȻ֪ģΨһصôκεˡ
˰ɡ̼ңѾ͹ˡΣͶǵġ벻ǣΪʲôͻȻڸʴ
һգ˵Ѿڳˣڳճǡ
ʲôʲô¡ѵǱߡ
ûĴսѾʼˣڱںڣۼʮΧɱӣǱҪ̶ɺȥ֧Ԯǡ
ǻʲôϽ˫ıһһɱȥ
ȻǲǵˣҲû·ͺðˡһǱߣϲܴΪղһսǱһѾõϢǲǵˣȻԼˣǲߵģںϣһǽ𡣡
Ǻã֪ͨүүȾۼһһɺ


1728 ս
ӣǵôˣûѵҪȥ𣿡
ӷ˽ڶѾҹˣʮֻǽڸΧסһĶûУҪأӷΧڵĻ˵ʵӷһ취ҲûУɱȥѻʯٶˣʲôȥֵʮȻӷͻһǧĻˣǣ˳ӷԼˣĵ
ڣȡʤĻᡣһȥˣǱߵĴûƾЩˣûʲôֱ𡣡
ӷ绰䣬һ⣬ӸʴĶ
Ǵ紫Ϣ
Ķһӣֹסˣֻһ棬˳ӷǰ֮ڣ⣬ˣǴֵоǡ졣
ӷȻһһʱ֮䣬Ҳû׹ô£ɾʱĿǣӷ̾˿˵죬ʲôʱ뿪ģ
ڻ˵ӣ飬Ѿ֪˰ɡξٴѾ
ţ˵ˣξٴѾˣҲѾµһ롣
Թӣ̼ңѾ뿪򣬸ղŸڸʴϷ˵ᣬѾûˡֻΪ֮ǰǵᣬֱӾʽɳ˴½ڸʴϣǵľӣ޷ɺҪӲĻƻûǱߣҪһˡ
ӷҪδһ룬ɲԼδɺһ룬Ƕڳӷ˵һôûС
˵ӣڸ޷ȫɺֻܷһֵƹڸʴϵĴȥʱϣҪһ㡣
Ҫõʱ䣿
Ա˵ҪƵĻʮ졣
ʲô
ʮ죬ӷֵܼסʮʱΪؼڡ
֣Ѿˣ˵᲻Ϊ֤ʵһ£ģ
˵Ϊ˵εľٶǰȫͬӣη˹ӵֶΣġһֹѾˣһ뾡һа취֤ʵһµģֻҪڣһоͺðˡ
ӷĻһͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģ˵졣
ʲôԸ
ڽڵȫӳ

һ㶣ӷڵǵѪԪô÷ӳģҪеȥƶǻģ

ڡ
˵ȫһ˵ϣǵڵסһҪֱӴԽʴ
ʵһΪѾɺˣĻͻȥ֤ʵ
ûֻҪڣҾҪн޳
˶ʱ֮䣬ȫ˳ӷ˼ҲͬʱǱߵˣû˿ķϻȫϣ콫ӷڵѪԪظ˳ֱӴԽ˸ʴڵϿա
ȫ̧ͷеѪѪǴӸʴĶ洫ġ
ŭ˵ڳӷСӵģ֮ǰʱ
ûȷڳӷ޷ð
㲻˵ӷѾΪʲôӸʴ洫
ⲻѽҸξټۿӷ˽ڣ漴ϽڸΧûжɺĻᡣ
ɺ洫ôͣϿģαضҪɱӷ磬ػߣûĻӦ֪ϻôͷ㡣
ھĻǷŭ֮ӣͨĴڣƶϣûڹǻҪƶΪȡսĻѾƶϵжˡ
ûʸ֮ǰܸƶ̯ƣ˵ˣɱӷ磬ҲǷƶһ˵飬ϵ򣬱ˣӷϹųᣬ˵ˮݵĴˣһӷ磬ܵõļνģ򣬳Ϊ֮Ļ͸ˣԣôŭҲסʱ쭡
˭һͬڣ֤ʵһ³ӷ絽׻ڲڣ˵ӷ治ˣţˣû뿪ģЩ˸ɱҲ˳ǵһ
ͣһռˣ˿̣˭ֻƴһ£ȫӦһڣɱ˳ӷ磬Ҳǵɱ
ȥ
Ը
ʮ̫ٸһڡ
ǣ
ˣȫԭشûҵظλ벽ߣɱ
ҪɱˣҪҪ嵽ǰ档
Ļ˵ھŭһڳ˽ȥ


1729 ʬ
ھŭһڣξٴһĴ󳬼ǿߣȴû˿ϰ֮½ڵģԵĺ֣ҲܲΪǰǾѾؾ֣󷨵谭ĸȫǳǿߣΪ϶ľ磬ž̧֮һеҪƽǵؾ֣ҲҪһְɣҲֱӽأ
ԣǵؾ֣Ѿȥڣһ谭ûˣκˣֻҪеӽԲκ˻ȥ赲ġ
սڵˣ͸ǰĳӷһ˴˵Ϊһ֣޷һȫȫӳ
̫ſɲǼ¡ǧ̤ƽģȴһһ䶼ЩӣҲǵɱڡһ֮еĹͲɣ
ŭĸݣλͬģ˵ĸ˵ݸλ£˵ξٴǷɽˣΪȴǰ˷ƶ֮⣬û˿ȥҡڴ½ϵݸλ
ⲻ𣡡
л⻰˭ĳ
ŭ˵һһȴ˵˼ǣǽŭ¡
ûϵҲǷ˶֮ġڣҵһ֣޷ԭΪӳڵĴ˵Ҳᷢʲô£ͿԼˡ
ŭĸûһ𣬲Ȼʱɱˣ˵˭ġ
·죬߰ߡλˡ
ŭĺŵĳһȥҲһ·Ӳͬ·ڵҲߴȥ
ѾмˣȴûиоԼ֮⣬κεϢ
ѵǳӷ磬ˣѾӳȥ𣿡
²ܹǲ²⣬ȴ򲻻ţԼʮڰΧӷ֪Ĵӳ졣
һ⣡
ţһıһǳӷʲôԼϵˣӷѹû뿪ڣǹ⽫Լġ
뵽Щ˼һǳӷԼ͵ϮԼĻڣӷڰԼԿģܻԼ
У˳ȥȽϰȫԼ뵽ģŭǿɾͲһĵˣǳӷĹƣֻҪԼ˳ȥùģŭǣǣѾһ˶ûˣŭҲ˿յġ
Ҫԭ˻ʱͻȻѾ·ˣ֮ǰһС¥ΧЩɫĲݸȫʧˣΧҲڲ΢΢ı仯
ͻı仯һ׼ûС
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Ȼڲ֪УѾһ֮ڣһԹںҪȥǾͲǼ򵥵ˣҲ֤ղŵ뷨ӷû뿪ڣǹüԼģֻϧԼֵ̫ˣѾ˳ӷȦס
ССؾ֣ҲסҲɡ
֪󷨵ģڳǱߣҲֻһǣԼΪڱһ֣ҲԽǵؾָƵ
ơ
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飬飬顣
⣬֣ʱ֮䣬ͻΪ˺⣬⼸⣬ͬը㣬Χıըը֮֮ڣ˼ȱڣĲмűԼƳȱڵ󷨣Ȼһֱ̤ӽ󷨸ƳϣһŻδ̤֮ǰͻȻǼȱ֮Уһĺڹ⣬ڹЩȱУ˽



ֻڹԼΧͣţٶ֮죬˲޷ȥ׽Щڹ⵽ЩʲôԼ򵥵ĵЩڹ⣬·ڵһ壬ͲܻǳӷǱߵˣǳӷԼڣܴ֮ٶȡ
ʲôҹ
һɱڱЩɱΧκڹôһʱ֮䣬޷̫
ɱ
ɱֳڣȫȻһ룬һԽΧڹȫסֹͣΧͬλá
ڹɢȥĿˣɫ۵ˣͷվǣ壬ҲͣĻζţһ̣ȴоǴ˿
ǡ
ĳǿߣӵ϶쾳ǿߣֵʱɵĳԾΪһ濴ȥˣȴû˿ϢȻͷԿǵ񣬸һĸо
ѵǴ˵еʬ
Ҵ⣬ǰһʬĻǾڵһӣڣǵǲκƵģʱأԷӳ޴ңڵаΪá
ʬҲԸҡΡ
ܿ죬ѾӦ˹֮ǰǵȳԾһʱ֮仯ΪУ෴ϣһ˷ܣһ־߱ɱ¾˷ܣֻҪЩϲŻֳ˷ܣӷɱ¾ʱ˷ȫͬΪ͵ģӷȴ͵ģһˣһһָоһޱ޾Ŀ־С
֮һΡ
˫ִһӡԴһν֮Դ
ɱ
ɱֳڣ⣬ķӡзȫһʬϡ


1730 
ĹȫһʬеʬҲǺ޵ֿԵĵ˵ϣʹľʬ׵ĳȥ֮ӻ治Ǹǳģ֮ߣǱһֵĸʬû
еʬҲǸǳģȻǧҽתΪһΪã׵ȥӦ˵ǲ׵һΡ
ֻǱ򵹵ĸʬڵϲͣĶţۿҪٴվ֮ͻȻзһ⣬˸ʬϣ¡һʬը˷顣
ʬһ㣬󷨣Ҳ֮
ССҲˣơ
Ȼ佫ڵգ۵Ĺ󷨣ʧΣͬʱŭȻҲΧĸ˸û߳Զľ룬ӣĸ˶󷨸סһСʱ䣬ȫƣȻǴͬһطûǰУҲûкˣǵΧٴγʮʮʬ
ô£
ŭĿΧĸʬ˵֮ǰѡһ·ȥʱѾ˸ʬֵĸʬ֮ǰҪü
ǵؾ֣ղǶסˡ
Ļ쵰
ھŭһӷ磬ָͷβģʲôӢۺú

ЦЦȻǳӷġ
֪̫أҶˡӢۺúҳӷ磬ûԼӢۿҲӢۣ෴ںܶӢۣűӵ
ȷӷϲģӢۣΪӢۣĽҵģҲҪֺܶͣΪΪЩӢۣñȳӷǼλ˾ˣӷǳǣǽϵЩνӢۣĳԵԾȥЩӢۣӷΪΪЩӢ۵ͷΪԼǾҲҪ֪ǲģӢۣЩӢҲֻǸӢˡ
ڣھгӷӷ統ԼǸӢۺúʮҲ˵Ϊһ֮սʮôǿߣӢֻǹܶѣˣ˲佱㣬ֻ˵Ǹɵϡ
ӷ磬ΪϹųᣬȻֶΣ͵Ϯȵˡ
ΧʬѾĿǣǲΪǲܱ֤ڣӵŶʬֻǰЩǺܺð죬ǰЩֻʮ֮һǵͷ鷳ˡ
ҳۣ˵ñѹңûõġ
һžۣ㣬һ˵£ԾڤʱŴġΪӢ𣿲ܣ˭ӢۣȻ𣬿ɵ˭ˣ𣻻˵һٴλᣬ򲻹ΪʲôӢ۸֮𣬶۸֮䣬һ֮ңˣ
Щʬ赲ǣӷ磬ҲйġҪʱ䣬Ĵɺҿʵĸ㣬ǵĴҲûãΪҿɲʮڣҷɽĴħûֻҪȫ룬˵һǣʮǣҲֻбķݡ
̫߹Լˣ̫СˡħĻ͵˰ɡ˵ʲôɽӦþǷƶסĵطɣ¥ܲҲǷɽɣǸɽϣ˷ƶ֮⣬ΪǿģҲǼɡ
ӷǻлɽ˷ƶ⣬ΪǿģȷǼˣһ
ӷ磬ʲô˼
ҵ˼ʣˣӦʶɣ
ƶϵĹŵӣΪǼ֮ϡ
ʥŮھ˵
ûȻǷɽˣļˣȴҵ֮ǰļҵ飬ӦѾ֪˰ɣҪļң˵Ǹվһ𡣡
ӷ磬˼˵˶ϣ
ҿû˵
ӷȷʲôû˵ѽҪ룬Լ顣ǷɽֻҪƶϲ֣ǾŸ¥һӷŲ񷶨øĻǡǣվ˳ӷߣ׾óɹԼӵеǷƶӷҲа֮һս
Ȼôӷ粻֪᲻ΪԼļ˱ѷƶϣӷҲ֪϶˷ɽ˷ƶϣǾһ۵ˡ
ûӷǸû֮ǰǼĲⲻˣֻû˿ĻȥԸڣӷһᣬɡ


1731 зȫ
ʵӷǲǺԶֻڵÿҹﶼȰŨңۣ޷Χġ
ȫʬΧӦŸʬķĻʱȥҳӷʲôط
ӣҿЩʬǲסĸģҪ˿˺̫ܡ
ǿʼ˵Ϊһеĸʬˣһսӷһ֮⣬κһˣ޷ǵ¹һеġ
㣬ӷȻǺڣȻҲǸԣӷԵ̫Կˡ
Ҹûڸǿս
ӷ¶ɭЦݣЦκ˿ˣëȻӷȻЦݣֱ飬Ǿ˵ӷѾӦİգһǾԵİա
뽫ڣڣҾҪǸط

治֪ӷôģȫˣǵĴδʣӷʲôȥѵǵؾؾֶԷЩͨľӻԣȴǰ͸ûʲô
ӷ粻ɫ˵վԭһҲӲǽЩʬȫԼ߳
ৡ
ЩȫıģĸϵΪɵġ
һĸʬӶĵȥҲ֪ЩʬǲڶεģǴûõģǣڽļ֮ڣӷ˶˱ըǽеĸʬȫը˷顣
ãӣǱҪˡеĸʬǸˣûиʬ赲ǣǻԿġ
ӷһס˾˵õģҪľЧǲЩʬǷҪ취ܿǣܸԣ̫ԿˡɼȻѾеĸʬȫˣҲǷʱˡ
Ǹɣ֪ӷʲôһ㶼벻ֻҪһ£ͻ׳ӷĴˡ
ҴδʮΧǵһΡҵʮɱңȻҪش۵ġڣҲߣĸӲǣǿ֪ߣ˭
ӷһʣȫͿ
½ӷЩ˶㲻ߵĻ˭гʸѵǰĵ𣿴𰸺ԣǾԲܵģͰˣôң˵Ϲ֮˿ͳ½ǷƶϣҲǳﻮ꣬ڣӷ֮
빫ʾʵ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ǣˣǲκδģҲߴκһ򣬾һͷ·һǸˣͬģξٴǱǲܽΪ˵ģзƶǱǣҲܡΪһˣ죬ǷһʮصĴǣԷ١
Է٣
ʲô˼ѽ
Ǹɶųӷ磬ӷȴǱߡ
ͻȻ䣬Ǹͬʱ뵽ʲôƵģ˶˵ֻ¶˸ӷͬı顣
ķӦɱǿˡûνȺȺεģֻҪܵ˹ȺͻἯ֮ǰѾ˵ڣźܶʬȴ޷̫ࡣû쵽飬ղţѾҰˡ
ӷһ˵ȫôһˡ
ûڣЩʬ£еʬڣû໥֮䷢ҲܱڣͱԼͬԵͷʣˡȻ໥֮䲻Ǿ˵һȺ壬һȺ֮䣬һ˳£ˣͻ̹æġ
ʮʮʬôĶضʬЩʬԼͬ౻ǻôҲˡ
ںǵ⣬ÿһˣΪԼǿߣĿһУЩʬ
ӷ磬ڵĸʬԸңҲ̫˰ɡϣǿǰͺñȳС
ڸţֱӽԼ˵ˡ
񣬽죬Ҳһĸȫ뿪ڡ
㡭
Ҫ˵Ҫҳӷ罫ɱϣΧһĺЩ˷ģҰ޷ģΧҲӵŨңȫ߾ۼ
ʲô£
ŭĿˣΧĸٴαסһ֡
ãϵˣ
ĳӷ磬Ȼǵ֣ʬȺ˹
ţڣ޷ȫӳϽ˳ȥ
ʱˣȻ㻹ȥ㵱ʲôطˣȥġ
˼ĸʮΧңڣҾͽڵʬȺǸΧڴˡ
ӷ绰䣬ֻŨҵУĸʬȫǿЩʬ۾ȫ̹⣬צҪǵĵ˸ԵƵġ
ѾʬȺΧˣЩʬɱģ뽫ըɷ顣ڣԽԽǵ𽥵ıΣʱһãǵΪһ½ڵɢΪ޷ָˡ
˵ôˣ취
ؾ֡
ǵһ޴ĹգڵĵطȫеʬҲڡ
иʬΧټؾ֣ǾͻΧȥʱϣҲһġ
ĸɣ֮ʮҲˡ
ʵڲҪɱȥ
Ůѽܲٴһ㡣ΪЩʬؾ֣ĸǲܵģֻʱˡ
ڸʲô
ȥʴϵһϰô˳ɺңҪǿؾֵһһɡ
Ǻãȥʴϵĵȫ
ҪСģϾҲ֪ĴУЩʲôǿߡ
ʱڸ⣬üǿϢ֣óӷĸӦˡ
һӣľ¥ڳˡ

һǿ֮Դֱţ޵Ͽա
ӷ̧ͷȥɵĿЦһ˵ļѾͷҲˡ
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𶯣ͬǴ洫ģȻڶˡ
ӷɫԽԽѿ˵ӣɽӾȫˡħǱߣûֹס壬׾ڱչؽħˣֻᰴհ׾ñչǰķԸ£Ҹ׾û֮ǰħ壬ضվǱߵġ
ӷ̾˿˵ҪˣϽˣѾȫᣬռսڿʼ졣
ǣӡ


1732 ӹܱȨ
⣬۶ָӴʮ̫ȫվȫǰ˿̣ȥʴ½⣬еҪȫۼڴˡ
ѾڶʱˣΪʲôһϢûУ
еͲס֮ǰܵȥ£ʱϵĻӣʮһﵱУ˵֮⣬ɱӷˡ
ļһڶ֪ԼڣѾֲļĵħֻҪӷһеˣǰʮӳӷκ£֮󣬾·һ
ôˣھʹɱڡ
Ȼ֮ǰ붯֣Ļµǵһȥġ
ڲطǳǿߣήͺܶࡣ˭Ҳܱ֤ӷûʲôǵڻûյ׵׵һоܣ˳ӷȦס
ϴ󣬼ȻҶ룬ǻʲô
ţˣֱɱȥ
ʮ̫ҪڣͻȻ֮Уö
һ⣬ȫʮ̫ǰЩˣƷǷкüΪȻڸͬġ
ʲôˣ
񲻰䣬ֻһɾ޴ѹʮѹʱ֮䣬ʮ̫ȫѹƵĹ˵ϡ
ΧĴͳͳΧϣڴδ֮ǰֻһٴδҴһŮ˵
غҶ
˭Ҳû뵽ֵȻ֮ǰǿ󣬶ң֮Уһǿޱȵ֮Դ֮ԴţޣΧеĴȫѹסˡ

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ôܷ˭¥ǲģֲΥƶϵڷǰҲֻʱȵͷˡ
Ȼֳַ˵ɣҪʲô
Σҵ˳ɽΪģȫɱӷλػߣȹҷɽڴ½ϵĵλȻѾ׸ӷ翪սˣǾҪĺһԸӷ硣
ʮ̫ʵأ
ʵһֱעѾͷΪ»֮ϰɡ
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ڣǱҪģ򣬹֪ܲܽӷ棬Ȼ˴죬òˡ
ৡ
⽵䣬ħҲѾˡ
ħѾˣһ
ȻǴħ쵼ߣһ֣ԭȵ۶ǵЩȫ󾪣֪ʲôʱܵħȥˣλһȺħܹ
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ʵʲôˣƾʲô
֣ҷƶϹŵӣɽʥŮ
Ŷ
˼һ֮ǰѾյߵϢ֪ӷ˱ڣɱȥģֻҪڣʮȺףʱԼͿħŮ֮ȽӹʮóǵĴ˳ɺ֧Ԯӷ硣
û뵽̴ˣڣ˸ʲôɽʥŮΪȫߵĿ£κһվԽԼħ
һ̷ħ̷ħҪȼ£ŴܿҪˣֻҪܽ죬ѾͷΪ
ţϣʦܿأ򣬽ƣӷ绹治һϣ˵ǷΪʤˣ


1733 
غơ
ǿ֮䣬ڣǵؾֶʱƳҲ˳ӷ߳⡣
Ҫ֪ǳȺĸʬΧ˻гȥĻģֻҪЩʬӲӲʲô˵ĸҲὫʱ˷Щʬϡǵؾ֣ȴ˸ʬ֮Ϊ󷨣ʹĸԸʬȺĹʱڲȥƳ
ڣȻغǿޱȵ֮Դʱѹϣǿ֮ԴֱӾͽǵؾֳ߽ˡ
Ѿͷˣ湻ġ
ӷȥ֮ԴĲΧȫ𵹡
˽ȫƣڣѾû˿뷨ˣҪɳڣȴϣ˽
쵰ûҵ˭ľӣ
һʱŭڣᱻһ֣ΪˣЩʿضεģǵ£ʲôȥɱӷ磬³ӷھ̧֮䣬Ϳһˡ
漴ɽħӦ˵ǿһȫڣϾڲǺܴɵʮ
ӷ籾Ϊǻ߽֮ڣԼʲôģû뵽ȻֱɱǸµǷɽʥŮڵʱȻԵȫˡ
ϧˣһԽӷΧĻᣬ˷ˣ᲻ᣬʲôȴҪӲͷϴĲˡ

ӷһЦʱˣȫ˳ӷǰ
޵ĵýЩͳͳɱ⣬ЩУкöΪԼͬľ磬һľ绹Լ֮ϣ⵼ŭȼա
˭ǽģ
ԼͬݵλģȻǷŭҲ֪ǼŭûãᱻǷҲֻܶʮ̫ŭˡ
ףôãһϢоλС㡭ǡ

ֱһų˹ȥ񲱻һڵأһƲȡ
ǽǾͽ˭ǵˣ
ףǡ
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ĺܣĻܵ˳ӷ磬Ȼô˶ڣҪɱӷ磬治˵˵ô򵥡
㣬Ϊ˭ˣȻҵҵľӡ
ɲὫ֮ǰļҵ飬ͿˬβǷƶҪȫµӷ֮صĻҲֵܸġ
ǶϵĹŵӣͬҲǡΪʲôԵЩˣҾͲˣΪһ𡣡
⻰úھǰЦѽǰΪԼ֮ӣǶϵĹŵӣĿһУЩ˷ɽ죬һԲˡ
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Ϊܴô֣˵ɱһӷ磬ʮһҲġ
ӣڴһ㶼ֻ֪ǵСˣСϷƶϵİΪ϶ľ磬ȴʱʲô
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ǱĶˣŭΪ˶ӷʲôˣϹᣬʥͿɱϾĽɫڣӶ࣬˵ĲôʬӷڣҪҸĶͲ⡣ԭֻҪ棬ͿԽģ㣬ȴǿ߸˽Ҫɱӷ磬㣬ǡ
ˣʲôװһʲô֪ӣ˵ǳӷĻҲᱻġ
ɫûô࣬ΪԼ˶࣬ǿƣӷͨı£Ҳ·һôһ˵ûԼôðѽ
ҹأѾˣģȫЩСɫҾͲţôˣɱһӷ硣Ȼ˵ɱˣǾɱ

Щһ֮ͳӷһԿϷģȻûʲôóˣҲֵӷ˵ˡ
ûС͸߹㣬ѾͷɲǸʡ͵ĵѽǿϧ̫ϧˣǿӳȥȻԽ罫ڸ棬ĸʬҲܾͶԸһҪԸģһнڵˣڣʬҵĹң·һˡֻλС㣬ȴһ·
˶٣ӷ˵ڣ޷ȥǣҲȥˡ
䣬ӷ˫־ٹͷͻأУһֻһ¡
ʥ֡
¡һ񽣳֮ϡ
ӷ˫ִһӡڵѪʱڵһͬʱͣΧ˵񽣵Χ
Ҫʲô
ãʥʿʥӷȻһڸǵǲʥʿʥģ޷ƽ
ʥʿʥ
ûˣʱ򣬲óӷκε·Ͻɱ˵Χ·ȫס


1734 
ôǿߣӷѡսǷɢˣȻƣڣоеͳȫڣ涼ЩϺзǱҪɺ˵Ǽʮɵ飬ǵĽӦʴϵĵоͲڻ£ֻҪڵķӡƳһУ;ڳӷյˣ
ǳ۵ʥ˵ڳӷﻹδܷӳʥҪһӡڸǲģʥԭеǣ޷ƳǷƶǰӷһڷƶϸϵ֮ǰⳡսһɽϣֻϼһӷ취Ǹײ
ʬȺѾΧɢΪǵĽ룬ʬȺĵˣѾĸˣǽڵˣȫΪʬȺĶ󣬰ӷڡ
ãӷ粻ŸκһӲӲ˿̣ӷѾʩչȻһ֣չֳصôڣͣشţһȫۻҵģ޷϶ӷڵ׼ȷλá
ҪȥģǸλáˣȫɢס̷֮Ѷţپۼȥȡڽ֮죬ӷɱ
Ҫ̼ɱӷ磬ǾԲܵģȲ˵ӷ籾ЩʬȺҲǷǳѲģڱȽЩʬȫ˦лûκ谭֮£ӷء
˶ͬķͬʱ˵Ҳ룬ס˳ӷ磬ûҪȥˣԼһ˽ӷͷطɽеĹͣԼ
뷨Ǻõģ̰࣬ĵģȴûԼһ˵ɱ˳ӷ𣬿ɲҪûɱԷԷɱˣȴǳӷҪЧ
¡һ˸շֿںھǱߣһը漴Ĵ
ӷ磬
ԣھһ˳ӷ磬ǣûȥ֪ͨˣԼӷ¥ʱӷΧסˡ
ĺھȻͷϹȥҪúھ˱ˡ
Ǽȫķȥ
ںھߣӷһʯ֮ϣ¥¥ǳǿһ¥ˣھɷڣʮǿߣЩˣȫǳӷģҲ֪ôֶΡ
ھֵ𣿡
ӷ絥һ̤һ仰أ˫ʱһӡ
顭

ھһֻǿĳ˺ھվĵطһ죬ںھһˣ򣬾Ͳǵϳһˣھ˵ѿġ
ӷڲ񷶦õԴǺܶ࣬ͼѣ˵ˣ˵ָ⣬Ըһ޵֮ʲôģҲҪʲôʱãӦЧ
ھŭ죬ԲŹӷġ
ħӷɡ
ڹ⣬ȫӺھӷȻǴӺھĸλȥģһ˵϶ĳǿߣȳӷΪ֪߳˶٣Ҫȡʤ򲻿ܡ
ӷɲɵھӲţΪһѾߵĶܿ죬ͻġ
ˣط
䣬ӷӰһˣѾʧ˺ھǰӰҲ٣һϢûˡ
ϸ׷ˡ
ǣ¥
ħûиһһ̳ȥ
ħ죬ûȥҳӷ磬֮ǰӷڵĵطҲʬȺۼĵط
Щʬȫɢ˳ȥҲֳ֪˼ӣȫȥȥˣԭȾۼ֮أһʬҲʣ
ʮܣҿɫ̫ÿǲģ
ħʮħȫڴˣȴûн롣
룬ǽǲ̫ˡ˭Ҳ޷֤ᷢʲô飬ʮ棬û˿ˡ
ʮܷģǲڣҲи쿴ǸԵĲġ
ħΪһ壬֮УַΪ˲ͬķ壬ͺñʲô͵ħΪһ壬ͳΪһħ塣
ţϣҪʲôɡңҪȥУΪ棬ͬһս

ͻȻһЦ
ӵĵģѾԸȥһһɺǲħչġ
ӷǵ
̷ħһתųӷ磬ɵĿЦ͹ӣҵȴԭأͲǻתͷ·𣿡
ģЩʬ𣬶ʱ֮ڣǻ޷ҵҡ
ʵղǸ˭ˣ
ھǡ
ǹģ˸ȥ໥֮ͻ
Ǳġÿһ̥ɱȡĹͣȻˣΪʲôȫأ໥֮ɣΣǸʱǵͻ⣬ֻҪԱô£Ͳţ֮仹һ𡣡
Ǹʲôʦչ֮ǰǻǸϷأͲҪ¶ţʦһ֪ˣǱ߳˵ǿߣŻἱҪչؽġ
ӷ̾˿˵ǸȷǸɱҵͬʱҲɱԣҪ֣ȸҲл̵ħߣҲҪһ¡
˵ɣʦչǰѾˣһ㡣
Ļ飬ΪߣȴǸսӡΣǾһǱƶвŻԵġҪģȰ壬㲻ңҲҪ˳һս
˵ʵѾڰ·ϸˣɻȴûͬ⡣
ŶΪʲôǾ壬ûҪκϽѽ
ҾͲ֪ˡʵǾ壬Ҳһġǳ֮ǰҽӵӵĹ⽣ԭξٱ£ξٴ
ʲô
û֪ξٴǷǳ۰ǸŮģõ飬ҲǹڻõĶӣ˵ӦòŶѽ
ԼʹŮȫȷе˵ȥ
˼˵ξٴͳ⣿
Ӧǣ²Ļξٴ飬Ϊĳֹϵƶסˡ
鷳ˡħߣҪһа취ס塣ڸڵһ··ߣ뿪ڣڷӡ֮ǰµһ·뾡һа취壬һȥ棬Ըʮ
ʲô͹ӣһ֮Ըǣ
ʲôԵģֻҪʱյĺã˵ôˣٶһҲ
ʶѩ֮սӷֶΣҲˣ˿Ļɡ
ǺãͰ˵İ졣ҲҪõڶ׼ƶϣʱ֡
ƶϣǾҪλʦܲܳɹˣ


1735 ý裬ţ
ħʥأΪħΪʥĵطҲ˵һأ͸Ľһħ֮⣬κˣڣ˵ħ֮⣬κ˶ǽȥģΪʥ⣬һ޴Ľ磬Ϊܵ϶ٵľ磬ӵħ֮ƣȱһɡ
׾Ѿչһʱˣԭ˵۶˵ĴսʼҲʱῪʼ׾øͲʺʱչһ˫֮ĴսǰʼĻǰ׾øء
ɾǰʱ䣬׾ͻȻ֣ɽƶǰһ½ΪƶɽҲ޷ɽô֮ϣ׾ûδɽͱһɼǿסˣȻڰ׾֮ϣ⵼°׾룬ӵд˵ߣ½ҲֻǴеķƶˣƶϵԶ֮ϣɼɽϳ˷ƶ֮⣬ӦûΪߣ϶ľ硣
֪˷ɽϻĳǿߣǵΪ׾Ϊ˸ȶϳӷ磬֮£ֻðձչΪˡ
Ҫ֪׾ΪѾ϶ľ磬Ҫӵ죬Ȳ˵ԵʲôģʹżΣգǵŵĴڣȥ죬ɰ׾ȴˣΪʲôһΪ˰ӷ絽ʱԿǵĳǿߣ⣬ҲΪԼΪֻгӷ磬ܰ࣬ӵħ֮塣
ʥ֮У׹ɣ׾ѾȫħΧ֮ԴҲȫ׾˹ľۼȻţǱߣغۼ֮ԴҪǿ
ۼǿȻģ׾ϾҪͻϣһȫµľˣͬʱҲΣյʱ̡
¡¡
ͻȻ䣬֮䣬˾޴𶯣еɽеĺȫ½𶯵ԴͷȻǰ׾á
һ޴İ׹ֻ꣬βħϿգֻβ֮޴Ѿ˵󣬵Ϊ׹βеƲ֮ϳֵģվڴϵʲô䣬޷ЩѾԽƲĸ֮ϡ
ɽ½ΪߵһɽڣڷƺɽһɽУ޴⣬ȫͨʯ䣬Ȼ䣬һ޴ıըʯŸը˷飬ͼӰӶг˳
ߣһ𷢣һɽӣǳһӣƺɽһ˫̥ң϶ŹۣûκεĲңǵһɢɫĹȦһɢɫĹȦ
ͯӣͬʱǰҹ
ӭϳء
ɽĽͯŮ̧ͷȥߣеĽߣֳһӣǿȫ߾ۼ˹½ǱۼħǱ߰׾ۼȻ֮䣬ۼ˷ɽΧ˵ǽ߸ġ
ôʱڣۼ֮Դ˳ӷĲ񷶦֮⣬ֻ۷ĳǿ߲ܰ쵽ˡ
û۷壬Ҳ϶ھĳǿߣ˵ҲƬΪǿĴˣǣǴ½Ϲ֮ĵһǿߣƶϣΪȫ۷ľ硣
ӣС꣬ƴˣȻʱǾϷɡ
߾Ƿƶеķϣֵ϶Ϊϡ
磬һߣӦѾͷغھۼ֮Դӣ֮սѾչˡ
һӷ磬Ǿ͸ټξٴǼӦò⡣ǵΪѾ۷ľ磬㹻ʸ񣬵ȴкˡ
һ뿪ȥ˭
ܷģԻһڴˡƬеһ磬źܴôԲĻòҪ
˵ĶԡڣֻСɡ
ͻȻ䣬ǿħӿȥһ·ϣҪţޣҲǳӷ֮ء
Уӷָ·ǽ˸ȥû뵽պþͱǸסˣѣˣȻǾһģ˭Ҳɵֿˡ
ӷ磬ڵˡ
ŭĸҪ֣ΪϴڳӷµļһﱨҲΪԼڶϣʱУ籩ϯ
¡¡
صֱסأɫ˲ˣȫˡ

ӷ´󾪣ʼð亹ǿȻʲôˣγģȻȲǳ۵Ǵ½ȴҲ޵еĴѽ
ѵǡ
Ƕϵڳˡ
Ļ䵽ӷУӷһ㶣ƶϣǸòʱܹɡ
鷳ˣ鷳ˣƶˣԼ·һ
УҪ취뿪УһƶϸϵԼǵĴȫûӷϵֵסǲ񷶦õͬסһȴܷסڶϾ̫ǿˣӦǡ۷ľ磡
Ļ쵰
ӷһˣȴ벻ǿȻţߣֱӳķӿȥ
ѽϵΪʲôᡭ
ǿǱߵʲô
Ǳħ壡ǡβ
ûǾβǣ׾ã
ã׾Ҫˣֹ
ˣӦ֪£ѾֹˣԶϵ׾һֻСֵ꣬ܵס
ӷһ䣡ɣ׾ҪܳɹãڣƶϾȻֹһ֣׾ñ˵ǽˣĻᶼûѽ֮䣬ͻᱻƶϵɱġ
ν޾֮·
ʱҲ֪Ӵ½ʲôطٳһǿһźɫźɫȻƶϵһ
ʲô
ӷ磬ˣȫԶգź֮أȻͬγһ޴ħ֮ϣ
ⲻܣ
ӷ綼ѾɵˣƶҲˣھȻֳһĳǿߣǷȻڷƶ֮£ͬһ۷徳ĳǿѽ
ӷ綼㲻⵽ôһ£˷ƶ֮⣬ϣỹһ۷ߣңƶϻӦǸոս۷ģԶԷҪȷƶϵ࣬Ҳ˵ԷӦں֮ǰѾ۷ǿˡ
ڳӷԾ벻ͨʱͻȻڵһһǿҵĽ⣬⣬ֱӽڸ
ˣȫ˹ȥһԹԣʲô
һһɫı
ӷ˲Լ۾е֣һʮرĽɵģңֻһӰʵ廹δ֣ǻӰΪʲôô죬ʲôط
ʾûǺӾްҹ֮ǰʾ¼һġ
ţ⵽ôһ£ΪʲôӾްҹʾ֮ڡ
ѵǼһĵʾ¼ˣ
ӷ´ϲ֮ǰӾްҹʾ¼ᵽȵʾ¼ʱǳӷ֪飬ڣʾ¼ڳˣֵֻʱе㲻ѽ
ô࣬УӦþû취ˣϾǺӾްҹӷĶ˽ȥġ

һ⣬ӷ糯ֱȥ
ǳӷ硣ˣ׷
ħϿգƶϵͷ֮Уͬʱ׾õľβҲڷƶϵźм䣬׾ã·һ
ߣǷƶϣ
׾õȻ洫
ССħޣȻ죬Ϸھ㡣
ԴСʲô¡
׾Ҳη壬Ҫɣ˾ѡ
С꣬㻹ϷףǴĽǿȻ֮£ȴΪģ㵽ǴĽģ
ƶѾоĺӵеԼ֮£ȻûУԸо
׾˵˵ʲôΪϾҪˣϣλ˼ļֹ
Բѡɡ
ã
¡
׾̫ļˣԻһµĻ˵͡

ͻȻ䣬Уһ޴ЦЦð׾óԾƶϣҲԾС
ѾͷСɫӰӦˡ
ƶʱ󾪣ǺûˣΪʲô
ǰ飬лˡ
ٸӷϻܲܳɹҪԼֻӦСɫ
ðɣƶ˵ȻСɫʲôˣӵ˵ĿһӵԳȻǡ
µǺηʥȻӵв֮µ
Ӳʥ۷ǿߣ֮ãԶԶԽСɫ
ǾҪûˡɱ
ɱСѾɱ˭ƣɱ
磬
˫ûҲ˵ǵʵ嶼ȴʶɱԷֲ֮˷ָѽ
ֱӴԽ˷ƶµĽ磬Ͼλ洩ǳľô᣿ѵǳˣ
ӿϲģôãѵͰѸ𣿡
ӿǷƶϵǵ֮ǰա
ȲܷƶʲôĴ½ϣ֪֮
ϷȻû´ԭ㵱ûǡ޵У
޵Уһİ׾ãΪ֮һ
׾һֱѰҴ½֮أ½֮أϹϹ飬Ȼûӷ˵Ȼ֪һЩģȻ֪ϹһЩ£᲻֪޵ʲô
ǰȻϹһ󽫣޵У
СѾͷϻڷֻĸҡӽӷСӣҪء
ǰʶӷ磿
Ӻֹʶô򵥡ˣӰ㵲סСɫϽŲ֮ǻġ
ϵ޵Уû뵽ˣȻš
ëëڲг޵ˣӲҪƺĻǾͳƺΪӾްҹɡ


1736 Ľ
ӷо׾ڽ϶ʱĿ顣ƶǿҪ°׾أԣǲӷõ׾ⷽĻɱӷ͸ˣû˿谭֮£Գӷһ˵ֶǿӲҲǺôġ
벻ǣڰ׾һ֮䣬ȻһԸƶ϶Կǰ׾ýƶϸ赲ͬʱƶϵ˼ƵģһҲûٶ
ڵĳӷʶȥħǱߵѾ˱ӰֵĵططֻһĻӰûбʵѽ
ӷ磬·ˣɡ
¡һԴӷ磬ӷһ㣬ͻأ֮УҲ˵Զ֮Уһɺ߳˹ʱ֮䣬ͽ֮ڡ
Ҫ֪ӷԵ񽣽ڸ۷ҪͻƵ񽣵ķӡҲһʱ֮£˵̼ˣɴ˿ɼǺҵ˳ӷµǵȱڣҲǸ뿪ڵΨһһ·ôҵ·ģӷʵ벻ͨ
ڣǶԳӷйģһֱӷһ̣ڳӷһ̣Ȼȫѹ
ⲻܣ
Ǽȫɵۣɲ⣬ԸƶƥˣУ˭ǿԸƶƥеġ
ļһôֳˣ
ӷȻϤģǺӾްҹӷ綼֪Թٴˡ
Ǽɵ۵ĿźԼǰɢȥ֮ʧǻ޷ȥԼ۾ͬʱÿһҲעתƵеһħǱߡ
˽ϵ赲ˡ
ʲôˣ˿¡
ѵʥʿ
ܣʥʿԶԶ֮ϵģʿеκһҲԽɱˣ
֪һǶԼЩչģĻ˵Լ⼸ˣ¾ʮҲǵֵסһеİɣ
۷壬ʵ̫ˣƶѾȾ磬ɻ˭ܵȾأ
ǵóһȽɵĽۣǾǣڳӷıѵ˲ɣ
Ϊ磬ƶϾ޵еڣЩһ֪˷ƶ֮⣬˵Ϊ۷徳硣
Ӿްҹ֣ӷǲˬ˵ÿǼһ֣ӷ綼ˬȴ޷ȥĳ֡
Ļ쵰Ҫĸɴһ㣬ÿζһף˼ûĻҹһжҽˡ
ӾްҹɳӷҲ֪Ӿްҹڰ׾ãֵƶϣ׾ýĳɹʾʹϺܶˣƶںӾްҹ赲֮£޷׾κε˺Ҫ׾Լˡ
ͬʱڸʴϣﳤյѾɳȥ
˫ΪҵʱһźӸʴϳóﳤʮøľ
磬ΪʲôôϤ
ﳤ˶סˣںϷУֻҪմˮû£ڣѾգ˫ۣħǱߵա
ǿĺǱ߾ۼһϵԴƶϵԿš
λ洩ȻǳϾѧλ洩
ֱֻӾʹ˷ƶϵڷƶϵ֮УͣĴš
Դȷڳģɵ˳ﳤһԴѾʧˣҲǴпġ
磬ϴιóǼȻԸǳѪҺںϡѵǡ
ɣǳĽɣѾ˵ġ
֮⣬ǳ壬Ϲʱڣûеڶˣλ洩͸ѽλ洩֣ѵ޵û
޵УھϹʱһͬ񻰰Ĵڣ壬ҲϹų佫֮ңƹžȨһ޵УͳϹųȫ˵ս޲ʤĴڣֱڹһˣˣǹĸҪӡ
޵ˣᣬΪ˷ŵΪɲ⣬ȴӼѵҲʲôط
ϹųսʱۿʱĹĸ˫˫ΪѪΪϹųһ󽫵ĳ޵УҲǸʱʧ٣˵ǻˣʬ
ʱû֪޵еӱǵطȥˣԿ϶ǣ޵ûϹų֮󣬳Ҵʱĳó޵оǳһֳ裬Ϊһ󽫣Ϊؼʱ˲ˣԣ޵дˣΪĽɣǴһ޵ˣ޵УѾǳһˡ
ѵĻ𣿵ڻʲôãϹͽˣ
磬˵޵ִ½Ļ޵ȵԸӣؽϹųġ
죡ڶ֪ôģˣʲôҲûʱҲ֪Ϊʲôн޵УѾǳˣ飬޹أʲôҲزˡ
˶٣ﳤյɱУϵеͳͳùӵĴ˳ɺӭսʮ


1737 Ѫ
ڵıӰ𽥷ű仯Ưڵİ֮еģڣѾء
ӷ֪ӰпҪתʵ壬ӣӾްҹһаŵʮֵλҲԿ϶һ㣬ӾްҹݣͲʲôʼʣ˵ʼʵݣֻʱΪһεģݣϹųһԱܻὫӷ紫͵ľǴ½ǱҲܻھǴ½֡ںӾްҹΪʲôڵʱںΪʲôδʶΪʲô֣֮һУӦö˵ʾ¼С
˵ӷڱ뾡뱦֮ڣӾްҹĵʾ¼ӲܺӾްҹǸģǸģЩѾǳӷںˡ
ӰȫصͬʱҲѾתΪһıΪһĽɣΪ㣬㣬Ǹ֮ǰһϣȴһڶûС
ӷ֪ȻǺӾްҹԼģǱضԼķֻҲӷûʱȥ򿪱ڣҪȽǸ򷢵˵
ʲô
ŭĵ˶ⱦĳָɵۣڣһıҲ̫˵ɡ
ŭǲ֪飬ô֪浱ˣ֪ˡ
ȲʲôɱӷΪҪġ
֣Ҫɱӷ磬ӱϿͲǼ£ʵϣҪɱӷ磬ǰҪеĹ񷶦˵ҲǳڳӷǸ
ŭ˵СӲǺѶԸΪһˣȡ鷳ģǸĵ
ѽŭʱ򲻾Ѿʶ𣬳ӷʥ磬Խµĳǿ߸Եģǵ
ǸǶԸһˣԸӷ硣
ǶԸԸӷ磿ΪʲôǻǶԸӷ磬һȥԸǸĵ
˭֪ӷǵǿߣЩȥԸ㵱Ƕɵ𣬱˵Щˣ¾Ƕ٣Ҳδؾаսӷĵѹɣ
ԣˣѾ֪˳ӷ̵ʲôˣûеǳӷʲôǡ
ȻЩһҲѳӷ翴̫ˣûв񷶦Ҫɱӷ磬Ҳǲܵģ٣ӷ粻Щˣͳͳˣڳӷڣ˯һӿֲĴڡʿֻ޷ʿ֮ǰǳӷԼԸʿѹ
һǰ˵ϻ֣ҲҵĶ֡
ӷ絥һӣǿѪҽΧһУȫסˡ
СģǳӷԪأԪط·ǹڰ⻹ʲôĽ塣
濴˳ӷѪԪأΣѪ֣Ҳζţ֡
ЩһȫɵҾԽϾˡ
ӣӷĻͦģȫɵȷоԵİϾ磬磬ǰǣҪܽôˣͬʱһʱɵѽ
Բѵļһ֪ôд
ӷǲмĿһŭģʵǲд
ͻأΧѪǿڳӷڣɢǿҵѪ⡣ʱĳӷɲ˿ıǲԼùԣڽ뱦֮ǰҪȫɱ򣬲Ǳȥʾ¼˵ƶϣҲҪˡ
ųӷɢѪ⣬Ǹоӷڵ֮ǰģͬ
ⲻǵҲǲ񷶦ǡѪ
ʲô
Ѫ⣬Ƕ۾òӦѪ⣬ϣӷȻ˲˺ü
Ѫԭűģ˵ǰĳӷ屶ѪĻڵĳӷΪѾʥ۷徳磬ͿѪˣҪǹƾҪóҵˣԳӷֵܵסȼ
죬ҾͲһУУȫɡ
ӷһ˫־ٹͷֻһѪӳӷǳϣϷڵĵһ
һѪ񽣣ʥʿ֮ӵ壬һá
ųӷ绰䣬৵һ̶Ľһ⣬ӽ⴦ңӷȥѪѹѪ⣬ͬʱӳӷǣ˳ӷڡ
ӷȫĽԴӱƤϿĺ˫Ҳ仯ΪѪ֮ɫɹӷ罫Ѫ
ټϵ
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ڣһ޴𶯣Ѫ⣬ٴɳӷֵ֣ĵȻ֮ǰҪ˺ü
ô֮ǰĲһˡ
ѵǳӷ籾ΪˣǸҲģļһСӵĶȻҲ
ӷ緢һЦ˵ҵǰǶЩȴյĶ֣ΪյĶ֣ԣھǣҴɡָơ
ͬγһֱߣˡ
ɢĹ
ҵĵָҲδ̫˰ɡָתɱ


1738 ɱŭ
ŭһ㣬ϣӷĵָȻһʮȵĴת䣬濴ȥѪɫߣŭĵĺֱӴ
ʱ֮䣬ǼȫŭģŭԭأһҲϣҲκεˣѪɫĵطһ˿˺
ŭĵԺ֮УȴһĻκ˶󲻵龰ͷ·׹䵽˵ԨУĶһһ˺֣ǽţͷΪ˺üλһУŭʵʵĸܵ˱˺ʹ࣬˲ҽʵ壬û˿˺

ҽ죬ڣһȫɵۣû֪׷ʲô£ŭĵϷʲô¡
ǲǷˣ
ϾǸŮˣǸСѾͷŭĵ״̬˵ʵеη壬ʲô¶ûеˣΪʲôᷢ˵Ĳҽŭĵ׿ʲô˫ĶѵԼЩ˿Ĳһ
ʱŭĵ˫УѪ漴ıӣУҲʺѪҺŭĵϣѿһͬǵĿӣӻڲͣ쿪ŭĵȫϵ쿪
ãˣҪըˡ
֪һ㣬ǼҲ漴˳˼ʮ֮⡣
ŭˣʼţ˵ڣһɾ޴ƵģǴ󣬶ƤѺۣڵǴͻأһ޴ıը
ӷҲʱ򣬵һָһ޴Ķħӵг˳ŭıըһ̣ħȻŭĵȫһ𣬳ӷǰһ⣬ŭĵġ
϶ǿߣӷɲ˷ѵŭʮ֮һ֮ǰŭĵǸ£ֱ˺ü㣬ڳӷϾ磬ֶ˼ֵİա
ǶԼ۾Ȳ˵ͻȻֵĶħӷ籾һħˣȻŭĸԵˣû⣬ΪŭĵӣһǿĽᾧӷһһڵģŭɽԼĶӣħҲѾصĳһϵΧһ⣬ǵ⣬ǳӷ洢ܽ洢ϵ֮У򣬹֪᲻ᱻϵеЩСյ
һ϶ĳǿߣ׹ˣһô˼ѽŭ˷ƶ֮⣬û˿ɱɳӷ磬ȴ֮佫ɱˣŭĵȫɵˣҲ̫˼˰ɣ
Сӵ׻ǲˣȻʥ۷ľ磬ɱһϵǿߣ⻹𣡡
ξٴɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬ӷ籾뽫ǷɢƵģȻ޷ȥɢǣҲֻҪǶһˣû뵽ָȻãһʹȥȫʬġ
ӣָ֪Ҫǿٱѽ񷶦ڵԴ治Ǹǳġ
һˡ
ӷһֱָ˳ޱȵŮˣǾ¥һ¥˳ưٱħŮ
ٱħŮڷɽʱ򣬾ŹӷֶΣ֮ǰмҲųӷжôǿ󣬽һȷǱȴ֮УҪֲѽ
ŭĵ޷ȥ֤ʲôĻЩˣ񲻶ɵˡ
һ֮³͸ŭһˡǴұҪһ֡
ѽղһɵɵĿţվŲֻ·һӷڵԶԶΪ
ѪϵټϷӷǸǲµĳǿˡӷףѪԼɲܼ̫ã̫ȼˣԼŲ񷶦лὫȼյԼ壬ܲסġ
Ҫ죬ٶȣ𼸸㼸ܽۼ˵һʮ֮һ죬֮ڣͿԳɾһǿˡ
ʵ뷨෴ģӷǾۼ֮ǰȽǰٱħŮϣѪѾڽļˣȥƲһӣѪʧûѪǿ޷Թѵڡ
Ȼڳӷ粻֪ǹʱͻȻУһܻص𣬵׵磬ȫϷĵ֮ϣһһ⣬ͬһ򣬳߳˹
ȫӦޱǿҪֵǣȫֹͣ
Ƕϵˣ
ȫĳķһ񣬲ͬʱӭϴݡ

ӷһ䣬ʲôƶϾȻʱˣǲӾްҹԿѵ׾ǱߵѾˣǳɹǡ
ӷ磬ݵšϷʥ


1739 Ϲ
ļһƶϾȻʱ֣ڳӷ磬Ǵѽ
Ͼ񽣲ڳ۵޷ʥȫӳӷ֮ǰ˵񽣵ԼѪ˵Ѿĵһˣƶ۷ΪӲƵ񽣵Ļ£Ҳǵֵסġ
ʱ򣬳ӷѾ޼ƿʩˣۿƶҪƽ룬֣ӷǵһжֵס
ڣƶϽӳʱӷоĵ֮ǰħͬһľ룬˵֮ǰƶӾްҹԿʱĵһֵֻҪƶϽ룬ǵֽ˻һ֣ӷ绹ǿԽǿȥӦһµġ
ϲģô꣬Ҳ˰ɡ
ӷһƶϷʵ룬ܲϼһòҪϣڣۿƶҪƽֱ룬ӷΨһķǸϽ뱦֮ڣǺӾްҹģƶϽںһ֣Ӧǽȥġ
ǵӵķʽʥˣ
ӣƶ޷񽣸Ƶóӷʶһ㣬˵Լ޷ӳеƶϾղŸӾްҹԿģҪֽ񽣸ƵڣҲǼѵѽ
ѵ
ߣϲģȻʵ塣
ӷ粻ǿģԳ²ġ
ڳ֮ϵģͲǷƶϵʵ壬ֻķˣû´Ļƶϵʵ壬ӦûħǱߣӾްҹԿҲ˵׾òûнɹŬС
ò˵ӾްҹȷǿĿ£ûͿ赲۷徳ĳǿߣû治֪ᷢʲôѽ
ͬģƶֻҲǿ˾磬һӷǵʵ壬ʱøܸͬκ˺ɡ
УҪϾ磬Ͼ磬һȫµĸ߶ȣǸʱøҲǿϺܶ࣬ܶ˻ǧ꣬ʱ䣬޷ʥ϶죬ӷôʱȥΨһİ취ֻܿȥǿߵԼãԴԼˡ
ʱѾƶϵ£⣬ͬʱ˳еȫۼ˵Χ
ھͺñȱһΧסƵģһĽȼգΪ֮ǰ˳ӷ㹻ȥѪڣҲѾֵܵסǿˣƲһӣ񽣾ͽᱻƽ⣬صӷڡ
ӷҪƽʱһһҲԽʱǵõĻᡣȴϣӷҪ֣ͻأڣȫڵϣһѺۡ
ǵĽϣϵЧĴؿʼѣȥĻ½ᱻ
ӷᵽϹʱڣΪʲôڤᱻʿһˣ룬ڵؾѾܲסˣ͸˵ʿˡ
ӷȥ£ͻȻʲôһ£ͷһֻһССĽ⣬Ѻг֣
ȣӷ粢û̫ȥǽ⣬ʱصĽӷҲ˲ϷˣǱȥ
ڳӷ粻ʱҲѺӴǴӵðĽ⣬ȻҲԽԽԽԽߡ
ӷ˿Ѿֹͣ˽ŲٳˣΪӷȻ˼£ǽⲢʲôƽ𣬶һַǳرǿʯģңǽ⴦ӷ߲ͣѺУٳһȻǳӹȥġ
ֿʣӾްҹıһ
ӷ粻˼ĿǰչֳһĻڵϵѺԽԽʱѺðĶҲԽԽ࣬󣬳ӷ緢֣ðĶȻǸǱΪһģ
ɣǸͲһ
ӷԾķ֣µĶðǱΪһ֮ڣҲһˣͺñһǽ֮͹һǣֻʲô͹һǡ
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ڣѾûеˣ˵棬ѾһֽɫʶˣӷˣȫվֽɫĶ֮ϣЩȥǡƬ
ûƬһɫƬĵطһĶЩƾǡһӵݶѽ
ô£ѵ֮£ʲôﲻɣ
ʵǳӷ磬ǣѾסˣӵ³ֵĶһȫɵۡ
ƶϵķҲпһĻΪϿյĹϵԣܺһС
磬ǲǡ
϶Լ۾һۣôĲ˼飬ô죡
ܣôܻڣǡ𶦣
𶦣ʲô𶦣𶦣ʲô˼ʲô
Ϲ𶦣
ϵһ仰ӷǰһ
Ľ𶦣Ҳ˵֮£ŵǡϹ


1740 Կ
˵ġ𶦡ǲ񷶦ֶǡͺñʲôü֣˼ߵĵطҲԳ֮Ϊ۷ġۡ
һ޴Ľ𶦣֮ðΪǸƶϵϣҪƵ񽣣ڸ⿪ڶ˵֮У֮ϣѺۣȻȻģὫصµĶ
ֻƶӻǧϹŶδ뵽֮£ȻһûϹҲϹųĻʹ
ôܣϹڵսоѾΪʲô֮£
ƶѾֹͣסƵ񽣣Ǽ𶦣Ѿ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ϹųĻʹ֮˵Ŀ϶ɣǼʹģҲ˵ƶϣͲϹ֮ųֵģϹųʱǾѾˣ
磬뵱ûۼʹֻǱ˶ѡû뵽ȻǱ˵ص¡
ʱ䣬½ĵƣ˾޴ĸı䣬۶ǣǵʱĹżµţĵطҲڷı䣬ھ۶ǲǺԶϹųĻʹҲпܵġ
ϹܴڡʥҪϹĹ׻ˣ֮ڣɻһЩĶ
ƶϵĶԻóӷʮ
ӷ翴Žµ𶦣Լվڳȵİҵ֮ϣûϹĻʹպþܴԼȵʱҵ
⣬ΪӷȻҵϹųĻʹ⽫ζʲôʹ֮ڣʲô÷ƶɵĶǸղǾʲôвµĶʲô˼
ΪҪǣӾްҹıȻϹųʹһ֣ô£ѵӾްҹǽʾ¼ϹųĻʹ֮Ҳ˵Ӿްҹ֪ϹųĻʹڣһ֮£ҲͽȥˣŻὫݵʾ¼档
ּóӷѾ԰ٷ֮һĿ϶ӾްҹϹųһˣǣϹųһˣӦûȰΪʲôڻǱߵĺأΪʲôΪ˺Ӿްҹأδˣǵʱڤһӣ㣬ΪȣģȻһж֪Ϊʲôֻںδһ𣬻δ˺ʹĽδĻһУ˺ӾްҹȴʲôֹһȰİϷֽԼ͵ڵľǴ½Ǽһڸʲô
ӣһеţĻʹ֮УֻҪܽȥҵӾްҹµĵʾ¼һˣ֮ǰʾ¼жᵽģ֮Ѫ֮֮֮꣬ʲô˼
µĻʹҪɱǸҪ⿪һеţŵУп飬УƬԴпܵõ뱾ĵ伮⼸
֮еһУĻʹ֮ڣʣӷʲôǲȥģж󣬲ܸж󣬳ӷ綼»ʹ֮ڡ
ȻҳʹڣҲѾˣҲûʱ˷ˡ
ӷֵģǽʹĴţҲӦǺӾްҹ׼õģԣڻҪֵĲλҲǱ
ƶóӷʹʹʲôƶϿ֪ܶҲ֪ʹڵĶ򣬶𵽾޴вԲôóӷ롣
۷塭ơ
ƶѾеأǷѾǿˣһǻ˵ġ
ԣƶϵҪ˵񽣵ķգͬʱҪǵıٻ
ʱ֮УһƬ޴ϼ⣬ϼҫۣǶأϼ֮Уһصɫʣ·ܽκһ˴ξ֮С
ǳɾͳǿ߲Żֵ澰ʱˣǳӷҪɹϾ磬ӷۼԽħǱߣ׾õĽѾ׶ˡ
ͬʱƶϵʵ壬ҲѾӷɽħϿգħϿգž޴ĺδɢȥ
û뵽ϹŻʹȻڡ޵Уǲ֪ˣ
ƶֵֿסӾްҹɵڣӾްҹûмˣǿ
СɫʲôΪû֪ӵ겻Ƿ˹֮뿪ڤ磬ͼıպĻǾãСɫʸѹ𡣡
˶٣Ӿްҹʼľ𣬶ľӿǶľ壬걳Ͷ򣬲ŵ¹ڰһлǱ½ԪأҲΪıѣŻᵼʿĵΪľʧ٣ͶͻǴ򿪴𡣹ЦʵЦѵߣңѵʻ᲻ԲŻὫԶǽġ
֮ǰﳤվ˵ϹųУ壬һ壬һǶľ塣壬һڣһ⣬嶼ޱǿĴڣ겻Ϊľһҹ֮ʧ٣˵ϹֻܱûĵĶľ壬ʧˣǰͶ򣬹ڰһǱ½ɢԪأǶľĹ
Ӧ˵û֪ľ屳Ϊ
޵У˵ʧ٣ǹµ
ûǶľʧ֮󣬹Ѿʶ˵ʲôΪԷһŻһʹʹȴʱ䡣ǹ¸ʲôʹĻΪȷ棬йĸǼ򵥣˿ʤ𣿡
޵Уô䣬ӮӮϹŵʱѾˣڳһӷ磬ҲӮˡ𣬱ΪϷ򿴲תѾһˣÿתҪĴ˹֮޵еĴڣɡ


1741 ۷
ϼȫۼħϿգƶϱҲʱӾްҹмҵĶԿ
Ȼƶ˵ӾްҹΪתΪǰ½ô˵ҲǰѾ۷徳ĳǿߣתΣ»ҪԸƶոյ۷ϼһûʲôġ
ʵϹʱ񣬲ǵʱǣڵķƶϣ޷ȥ϶޵УӾްҹܷӵһôĵزν޵У޵еһôľ硣
ô죬ƶƱҪɱӷ磬Ҫɱӷ磬Ȳ˵׾ãӵݵĺӾްҹҪһȥӷǱߣ鷳ˡ
ʱƶȫΧͬʱħʥأһɾ޴ıըըؼϼ⣬ȫը֮ӿȥ˵Ǳһȥ
ӾްҹɵĹһЦЦ˵Ŀûκһз
Сӣֹ׾ýӣʧˡ
ӾްҹĺڷƶϵΧת˺üȦ漴ȻҲȥ
׾ãѳɹ϶ľ磬Ϊӷư¡ڣһѡ
ӾްҹȻеȫ·ȥֱӾ͹ħʥ֮ڡ
ãһȻһסѾת˶Σѵ治Ҫ𣡡
ƶ֪ӾްҹǲֳֻתĹϵΪһֳܵ˺Ϊ˱һ㱾ĳŲʱ̣Ӿްҹ޵УǲὫֳģҲ˵Ӿްҹû޵иûһֱһװģһˣٴܴ˳̶

׾ô˿Ѿħʥس˳ȫһ׹ΧţϷһֻ׹βѾ֮ǰ޴ࡣ
϶죬죬Ҫǿ࣬԰׾ڵΪ˷ƶ֮⣬ŷǴ½Ҳһˡ
Ӿްҹ˵Ķԣ㵽˵ôܰӷĳư£ͷ·һֻҪһ˿Դܰ׾ãӷͽܳ
ӾްҹҪģκһˣв׾ãӷҪһǿĺܣʱܵǿģǿĺܣǳӷЩƣܰӷΪĶһˣһԸƶԿ֮ˡ
޵Уѵ㻹ΪСڣ϶첻ɣ
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ٷϻӿɲڰ㡣סӷɾͰҵ·ͿԼˡ
ͣһ£Ӿްҹʱ֮䣬ȫ׾õڹ룬׾ñǸâԴߣɺӾްҹǺڰԴߣҪ׾õڣ˵ַвͨģԪؽһ𣬳ӷв񷶦ɰ׾ȴʲôûУܳܵס
ӾްҹҲ֪ʲôȻڹ׾ʱڰԪأֱӾͽ׾ڵĹԪظǵˣ°׾ãһ𣬳ΪһڰԴߣϷİ׹βҲգ֮䣬һֻڹβǰɫ˿£ԵıȽԸеİɫ˿£ȫΪ˺ɫģ
ƶϿźӾްҹ׾ùʲôܣɲóӷˣȥһ׶ΣȻ鷳ԽԽ
޵УٽһΡ
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ӾްҹĺϷγһ޴ͷͷڣ쳹صĿЦ
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ƶ϶ˣӾްҹղǽ׾øɱˣ֮ɱˣ׾øϢҲֱʧˣ˵Ƕˣڣ˵Ϣٴγˣ⵽ôһ£
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ӾްҹĿЦУٴЦ֮󣬴޾·ƶȴڣ޷ȥ

Ц󣬰׾õɺڹг֣ȫ£һĺɫΧš
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ʲô۷壿
۷壿
ӾްҹҪ׾ôľ磬ֱӵ۷ľ磬Ⱦ磬Ըƶƥˡ
ѾͷղѾһˡνƶ޵Сȥɣȥӷ磬ư°ɡ


1742 Ҫսұս
ƶôҲ벻ӾްҹȻΪ׾ֱ۷壬ںӾްҹ˺ޱȾ޴ģתεԱʣµΪȥ׾ãǵ󣬺Ӿްҹ˵·һˣǻܻΪǾѣһˣ
һôʹúӾޣϹųһأ˵ΪϹųǺӾްҹģӦǳӷŶѽӦǰ׾ѽ
Ȼڳӷƶϲ˽⣬ɺӾްҹȴʮ˽⣬˵һֱӷһУӾްҹ֪ԳӷΪﳬ磬ͺñȺӾһ뷹ӷķȴ룬룬ʣӾްҹķӷķ
ڣӷҪģѾһ۷徳ΪˣҪģԶԶǸߴ۷壬ҲҪ۷壬ֻߣպüΪ֮òС
Ӿްҹ㣬ŻֱӰӷͳһ۷ߣֻҪȰӷ絲ǰߣǵȳӷ籾ΪȥȲ˵٣ǱߵĽδκβ˳ӷġ
ǰӾްҹĴڣ֪ڰӷ绹ںӷ磬񣬺ӾްҹһУѾԣǾվ˳ӷߣҲǺӾްҹãڵĳӷѾ㹻ǿ˰ɣҲѾ㹻ķȥһ˰ɣŻģȻôӷ籾ʵûá
ѾȫɢȥӾްҹһʧ֮УƶϣҲоӾްҹţʲôط
Ļ쵰Ȼôһס
磬ȲҪôˣ׾˵

ѾǺµİ׾òɵһЦð׾øеǰδеǿ󣬾ԷƶϣҲһη嶼ûС
۷壬Ҳ۷壬ʣôɱ
׾òûʱƶ˷ѣӷǱ߹ѾһȻս׾ñҪϸϹȥ
ûʱ˷ϲļһϡǾţޣڼɣһĵط
Ҫˡ
ৡ
׾ûһڹ⣬ֱӳڵķȥ
Ҫ׷ɱȥôð׾øӷһڵĳӷ磬ֶѾߵˣʥ۷壬ɱκһ϶ĳǿߣټһ׾ãħĻǻ˵ġ
ȴ˵Ǳ̸߽ˡ
磬أ
޵Ȼ׾ֱ۷壬Ϸţǻ쵰ûôġϷ뾡콫ҳָϹʱڵΪǵùľǡ
һ׾ãټһδֹĺӾްҹӷӵŲ񷶦иֵƸֶΣ˵ϣ˵һǴ½ɱػɱδѾˡ
ϲ뿴ųӷ׳󣬸ӲϹųںӾްҹδָ֮ǰԵĴ
ǺãǷͷ¡Ǳ߾ͽˣ޵оͽˡ磬ԼҲҪСһ㣬Ȼ޵תΣְ׾ֱ۷徳磬ҲǸʮֽƻĺꡣ
ס޵УϹʱڣϷηΪĻǶľ壬Ҳǳ֮ϡһΣϷһҪ֣޵и
ƶϷΪ£ڳӷ磬ȻǷǳģֻҪͬʱ֣ڶ˰׾۷ǿߣͺñȽδһһѵӷ绹ʲôɡ
ڣϹŻʹѾ¶˽𶦣ӷȥҵӾްҹµĵʾ¼ӹܲ˺Ӿްҹٴγˡ
ղŰ׾õͻȻʧ֡

ֻһڹֱڹ֮󣬻һ⡣
ķƶϣһͬʱӷߣҲһ׾á
۷ĳǿͬʱ֣˸ӷ綼ɵۡ
ôܣ
ǡ׾ã
Ϊʲô仯
ھ飬˽׾õģ׾õΪǸһ񣬰׾õΪȴԶԶԽ
δ뿪ڵˣһ׾õ֪һսϣˣڼһϼһֿ֮ʼë
㣬ڳˡ
顭
̷ħ䣬ֻһƷֱӴ˵֮ϣ˵Ǽš⽣
ǣϡ
ƾЩɫʥʿʥֱǳ롣
ûһһˣ첻ġ֮ǰӷǽ˵񽣣ѪģϷƶ֮ǰķѾסˡ
׾ãǷϻҲô۷徳ģȻѾȾ磬ǾȽϼһˡ
ƶϣɱһǴ½͵ڵһ룬ʣһӷа׾ѵʲôɡ
ʲô
׾õڲע⵽ֵĽ𶦡
Щ
ӷ⻰û˵꣬׾һͻȻ䣬ϵһƣѾǵ໥ϣ˫ȫۼ˵֮ϡ
¡¡
ǳܲסǿĹˣѽֱӴϷ׹˳ӷǰ

񽣵ķգѾƣѾԽˣһӷҪϹŻʹϼѡ
ǲģ˳ȥ
ǡ
ˣƶȻֻһһԽȫɱ
׾þϳȥվ˳ӷߣһ£ȫ壬Ǵغϡļһͽˡ
ǣʦ
ǻӰ׾õȫ뿪ڣʴǱ߷ȥ
ڵڣֻ³ӷ׾ãˣˣһ۷徳ˣ
ӷ磬ﵽǸʲô
һֱѰҵĵط
ʲôǡϹŻʹ
ûǰҪ룬ѡ
׾˫һתֱϣ˵Ǹϼһｻңˣ㡣ûɣ
ӷһҧսȺۣսǿҲǵһˡ
Ҫսұս


1743 սսս
˰׾öԸϣӷˣսǿľƣڳӷ˵ҲһˡȻǵֶ࣬ɳӷ֮ǰֻùûδù޸ڣνˮۣܸͬ۵ĵ˭
ῴųӷ罫һĵʩչڳӷĻأѾչ˹۷徳磬˵һжãƣܽӷʥ۷徳ĸɱڣӷӵС棬ϵͻȻ֮ʱӷСԶ֡
С
顣
һƷͬһ޴ķƣΪһ⣬漴ƣ͵ĸı˷򣬴ӳӷͷѹȥ
塣
ӷߺһСϵķƸʱ䲢̫ã֮䣬ͽӷСƽˡ
ӷˣ񽣣ҲųӷˣӷС
ϼһȻ͵Ϯ
ӷڻܵʲô߼ͼֻҪϵģͳͳʹ

޴ɫ˳ӷıɫɵȫ˹ȥ
СҲ׳󡭡ƣ
ϵһʹĳӷķɵδϣѾȫڵء
ϼһĶǱ
һµİ׾ǰ˫ִһӡɫľβͷ
۷徳ĳǿߣǰ׾õΪҲѾ۷徳磬ҲҪȫʩչΪ˫ʵ֮ͬ£ģѾˣٶȣֶΣͷԣԵľ׼ȡ
ССħޣ㳤޵а۷壬ΪܸϷԿɱ
ǰһѾ޴ĸֵ֣Ѹֵϴһĳ֣ڸֵʱȻӸֵΧϣ׾ó˹ȥ
׾ȫΪ·ɫ˿չͺñһ޴֩㣬׾֩мλãĳֽ׾ʱ·ɫ˿֩İֻţϵĳи
ϸֵһգ־һȥ
׾õǰȻһ˫֣һ˫û֣ǰͬһӡʵ˫ִķӡȻͬġ
µأɱħӰҺ
ͻأڣ𶯣Ⲣ𶯣ҰȺ׾߳𶯣ҰȺĽŲġ
ɫ䣬ɵٻ
ٻħһٻȺħͬһĿ꣬ٻħȺȴħޣֻһȺӰˣȺӰȴ𵽱ħǿʮ
Ͽɲ̫⣬ֻ˷ķħޣȫչ
ϣҲǳȺħޣȫϷȥȻһתΪһ޴磬ȻеĻӰħȫˡ
Ϊ۷ǿߣȻ
ӷ˫еˣ׾ø֮սһչ͸ôĶȥڣᱻٵġ
׾ãһ㣬ѻʹˡ
ӷ󺰵׾Ȼ֪ʲôʱ֣ȴᣬҪĻʹٵóӷȥֵĵطһ׾þԵĳԿˡ
飬飬顣
ʱҲѾˣȫһ󣬲޴ıըⱬըٸʹĽ˺
ɱӷ磬һϡ
ƾǼҲɱҡ죬Ҿν֮ӡ
ӷһӣߺɱѡ

飬飬顣
ξٴˣȫ߶㿪ӷĵһֽȴû˿㣬ӲվԭأҪӷĹ
޷࡭ơ
Ϸһ޴ߣߣǰҪ࣬ΪһߣϷ
ӷЦһߣѵҾûЩҲŻˣʣʣɡ
֡
񷶦ӷüĳԽһֻ޴Ҳ֪ʲôطڳӷ󣬽㣬Ȼ䣬һ޴ķӳӷ֣ڳӷϷ
Ȼ
Ƿڲ˷һʱ䣬Խ콫ӷɱԽǰȫ򣬹֪ᷢʲô¡
ǻʲôóǵֶγ
ξٴһǰ˫ȭһգȭͨȭ˴Σӷ˸޴ȭͷԼһתϷ
ͷõӷֱӳξٴЩȭͷͷξٴİͨȭͳͳƽˡ
˼Ȼֵܵסҵİȭ
ȭξٴΪǿȭˣȭ޷һĻҲ˵ͨȭѾ𲻵κˡ
ӷڴ֮ǰѾԤ뵽Ǽ˵УӷΪ˽ģҲ˵Ǽʶģھξٴˣӷûǽ֣ҲûֶΣҪʵе鷳ԣӷֻӦǼܲ׼ᣬһ
ɱһһԷһ˵ͻܶ࣬ŭѾˣⱾǶϵһִܽܣһʥ۷徳磬ȻԻɱһ϶ĳǿߣ˵ⷽ棬ӷѾӮһͿӷôˣԼͬʱҲƵˣÿһ˵վλж˽ʤڡ
ԣѶԸһԣӷûȻɱ˽⣬Ͼؼ֮Զģ֪᲻ᷢʲôͻ󣬾һͻ䣬ȱʱ򣬶ڳӷһ˺
ξٴһͶ˷ƶϣӷ絽ڶξټǱ߷ʲô£ӷҲɵģԣҲܶξٴɱ֣Ϊξٱ¸ξĹϵξٴΪԼõĻǵʱΪѣξٴΪ˵ڳӷǼѽ
ϵķڣӷһܻɱģɣǺھˡ
ɺھһµĳǿ̫࣬Ҳ˵ҪɱھȽµĳǿͳͳ
ڣκɷûйȻе鷳ˣ֪ɷеңǰĴ硣


1744 ɺ¥
Χһܣȴûн̫ҵĹΪӷ绽ĿҲҪȥκˣҪҲ̫Сˣ˵Щǿߵǰ̫Сˣ֮䣬ͻᱻɱġ
ȻӷҪξٴھʹ޷ȥ֧ԮھǱߣӷкڶȥΧסھЩ£ܽٱħŮǸ赲ɵһȴһиڵأһ˽¡
ڵͬ񻰰ȳǿʱκεãɳӷϲûгʧı飬෴һĵİЦ
ɱ
ӷĻͬȻһҲһֱӽһͷȳ˷顣
ʱӷȫ˳ÿһѾǺɫĴڣ֣֮ϣ쳹صЩ׾ĻӰħޣû̫˵ˣЩΪ֮õĴڡ
ӷ磬ǲɵˣΪܶԸ𣿾ܾҲ
δ䣬ͻأڳӷ󣬳һâ
СģһҪǵˡ
ǶʶŭģǱɵġ
ɳӷɵ׼½Ǹ޷ͻȻûͻȻ֮һǾͻ׼ҪԵǣƺѡ
׹⡣
ڳӷֵĹâѪ⣬Ϊһִɫİ׹⡣
á֡
ãǳӷڶԵʱһλϾֻӵ޸Ĺܣʱ㹻Ҳֻһһ͵ĴڣҪǿġÿӵ޵޸ģӷҪģ޸
ɱ٣Ҿܾȶ١ɱҾͬܽȫȻþƵĽȫǣסָ֮ˣˡ
ɡ
ӷãǿİ׹⣬סڡ
ʲô
ôҲ벻ӷھȻûԵˣǷӳһȣ޸ԵԵУ̫Цˡ
ͷһδӵϷǸͷڵİУٵ޸ţգ֮䣬һסˡ
ļһ
ȥԷһ֪ӷͻȻãܸʲôá
ӷҪģˣһˣˣɵǰȥͷ
ξٴǼ˵Եλϣӷ絥һӣξٴȫסˡ
㣬°ɡ
ھһˣɳӷͲܸ˿˵ĻᣬһӶںھĽ£γһ޴ĺɫ֩֩ղŰ׾˿ɵȫͬӷõ飬ںܾ֮󣬳ӷôƳģһģֻ֮κεɱһôڶʱڣκһˣԭأһҲˡ
¥
¥Щˣھӷˣɱ˻ӷҲԿ϶ʱǣǼȵġ
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á
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֡
ͻȻõԱߣǿУһֻצֱӽھֵµĲصץסˣͺñһˣץסһֻСȸƵģʹǲصҽһצһգصֱӱץ˵
һǿߡ
͸ղŵһģڳӷУ˲صӰӣӷһڣصɵˡ
һ϶ڶĳǿߣŭԶԶģֻҪӷ粻ȥƲҪãͿͻʥ۷徳磬Ͼˣ
¥ɱ˲ص
ѽɱˣɱһҶʣ£ֶΣ˭еĹ
һ֣ɱ
ʮ϶ڶ죬ĳǿߣȫӷ˹
ӷЦղ˾¥е¥ڣ¥
ӷ˫־ٹͷʱſãһ
Ԫ֡
г˲񷶦ڵԪԪųӷһ£ৡһΪʮ޴ĶħһԪɻŸԪ񣬾ʮ
ʮħԸھԡȻǰǣǣûϵıֲϵĻָǶҪˣȻ飬ǿǴδġ
󣬺ھ㣬ǵһɱġ죬Ҿһ㣬ͳͳɵ
ӷ磬ŵͷ˰ɡ
ھȫ޴ĺڹ⣬ڰԪأڣᱻһ֣ɳӷǵõȴڵİӰ죬øҪԸЩһΪǵѡ
ʮħȫӵг˳󣬻СھذΧסΧһ磬ڣһƬڰͷ·һС͵ĵ㡣

ֻҽһˣħץ˵
˵һֳͷĻǾǳͷЩһվ˶飬վһ𣬳Ϊƶϵˣǵ󣬾ֻ·һ
ֻھһıץ˵ӷɣһۼһ𣬱ӷ索˳ӷ籸õǵ飬˼Ŀֻš
룬ץԼԼ³ô
óӷȥˣҪ鷳ЩСӸ򷢵Ȼھһŭġ
˵˵ϵĸʲô취
ϣӷĵֲ̫Ҫİ
ϵȥԸӷ磬ʱԼ鲻һֱ׾øס
˼ϼһĶǱǵĶǳӷ硣
׾ѾеҲһ
һȺϻһӷ綼ɱˣҪǺá
ʱ򣬾ϣû뵽ոյ۷İ׾ãȻԸԼƽ֣ƵԼȫ˳һߵĳӷ磬֮䣬һ¥ͳǶϵ󣬳ӷֶΣҲǵϷλ֮⡣
ӷʱĻȥϣɱ˺ھҪģȻ֮ЩˣͶǷֺ
ھȫˣǵȫңڣˡ
ھĴ壬ҲѾ˳ӷ飬Ҫˣ˳ڣӷĵԣܣȴѾ̫ˡ
ʲô
ھоԼʲôסͷһ
ӣھŭһҲҪ׹ˡ
ھһħָץסͲκһ˷Ӧھˣֱӱץ˵֮С
ϣҡ
еĺھУӦ˵ǲҽС
ǿҵĻ棬ڵȼ𣬷źھȫǵھҲ
ɡ
һϵĳǿߣʮ֮һŭĵĽٽ֮ǰǸھЩ£ӷۼ䲻˵࣬Ҳˡ
ʲôɽʲô¥죬ͳͳʧɡ
ӷ罫һ֣ȲһߣмӣҪɱ׵ĶࡣξٴӷûɱţãʱûɱҲھǱߵˣһֱûжֻ֣һԿţܣҲ˼ˣǳӷҲȥЩӣξٴסǰٱħŮˣһԣ¥еİ¥ȫɵ


1745 ɱ
ӷԵ¥ڵγɵѾΪһʯС⣬⻹ܲϵ׳γһγɣֻҪͣںϽȥ󣬾ͷ·ͬһˣ
˵һóӷϾĻ磬ûİɡ
ֻӷģϾڵĲ񷶦ŵ䣬Ϊıưԣ䣬Ŷ죬ѵҪȵ񷶦ʱܵϾҪȵʲôʱѽ
Ȼûвܵ飬ο֮УҲһ̣ŵеԽԽǿ󣬲񷶦ܿҪʼıˡ
ڣӷҪģǽǰЩһͳͳ¾Ǵ½ͬʱϹŻʹӾްҹĵʾ¼Ƿ档
ʵĿǰλã˶Ѿһֿ־ξٴľ壬ѾȫɵۡǾǱƶץסȫǱߵӦһģڼʶ˳ӷֶ֮󣬻Ҳ̫֪˭ܵõ£ǳӷأһоͲһˡ
˻֮⣬ڳһûжˣ
Ϊ϶ĳǿߣֶ޵ģһܣһغ˵ʵֳϣͺ֮أӲҪӷ綯ֻ֣·һһΪ֮
ҲסΪɽʥŮںھȫӷɱ㻹վǱʲô϶֡
ڲŷӦֿ˿ϣһֱ׾ţûȥӷǱߣҲûʱȥûж֡
ӷ֪Ůˣ̫ɼȻܵ϶ľ磬Ҳֻ̫٣ѧĶ̫ٶѡ
ͬʱӷҲ֪κһԴߣһ׷ģߵľ磬ߵľڴ˵һңɼ룬ɼȻΪƶϵĹϵΪѾ˵ľ磬ⳡ֪սвһУǸԼһ·أҲġ
ȻΪҪǣӷסļ壬㣬ǳӷ£ǰҲûļͬģֻҪץס㣬ҲΪڶ׾ãһУҪԼѡˡ
һˣһ֮УΪҪʲô֪
һĪ⣬еĪҲ˵ӷֱ˵ѡѡһԼ·һȷ·վö飬ǿվһ𣬵пվ۷λã
û֮ǰӷѾڳһӣһĿӣڷɽĶ֣ʱԥĻȲ˵ģԻ̲סȶѡ
ƶϿԸĶҲԸ㡣෴ϼһﲻܸĶԸ㡣׾ãһܺõӡ
ӷ⻰䣬׾öԾϴǷƶϱͶɻ䣬ҲΪ˵ʱǣģʱʲôĻǷƶ϶ŬɾͰ׷ˡ
ɡ
֪ӷ뽫Ǳȥ
׾Цڲ֪ɣҲδ̫˵ɡ
飬׾֪ӷһôˣѡվ˳ӷߣѡ⣬˵а׾еΣҲûѡ񣬱ϾֻҪӷѪܰˡɷһ룬׾òΪӷѪӷվһĻǺӾްҹ۷徳𣿺ԣǾԲܵġ˵׾ûǺ˵ģ
Ҫ˵ϸ֣ɱ
˵ܶˣĶǱͱϻˡó汾ɡ
ССħޣݵòϷ㡣
ӷ粻ɵһЦӣϣѾ£ĵָᷴǡ
ҪˡҶֵĻ㽫ʧȥһСǰ;ļˣҲΪĹϵ
ӷ翪ʼļҵвˣǳӷõֶΣҪշһˣҲֶֻΣһʩвˣʩûõģϾ̫СҲֻвˡ
СҲӦ֪˶Ҫԡ
˶Ǹĸֲÿһ˶һӡʯͷĳģȻҪΪԼĸĸΪԼļ˴ġ
ӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ɣǾҪôֵˡûʱϻ죬ˣҪ㲻ļұĻ
ӷ磬ٷϻɱ㡣
⻰˵ģǳĳĲٳİٱħŮ˵ġ
˵˵ʲôãģҲ˵עһɵģ㡣
ҳӷĸҲɡ

ħɡ
ӷһŭУһ޴Ķħʱ֮䣬һˣǿޱȣ֮ǰĶħҪʮ

ٱħŮֳĻᶼûУ޴Ķħһȭͳȥ
ǰɡ
顭
κ˵ļȥвκˣȴκ˶ҵļ˲һֶУ˴ɣ·һ
ٱħŮħһȭҳ˷飬¥¥һŭηתΪŭƽʱٱħŮĹϵ㲻ҲֻǲѣҲ֪ٲ֣Լˡ
ëСӣ㵱޵𡣽ʶһ£ʲôǿߡ
ǿߣǽһȫɵ
ħ֣צٳʱ֮䣬¥ץ˵С
ӷһǿߵڵоۼһ𣬱һš


1746 ƶ
ۿɽ¥һǿ߱ӷɣϵﶼʼȥ¥Ǹӷһļ
УҪ콫׾ø򣬾ֻųӷ罫ԼͳͳɱˣԼΪǴ½۷ǿߣ͸һĺͯ㣬޲ߡ
ɰ׾ϳֶԸӷĻᣬ˵ӷڿϵɱ϶ĳǿߣҪһ۷ǿߣ³ӷ绹ǰ첻ģ򣬺ӾްҹҲԼǱ׾ֱ۷壡
ӿʼΣһ·׷ɱڣʮΧڣ˵ˣȻٲ˸Ҫģǳӷ籾ӷ޷ԸЩ˵Ļ˵һ׾ãһͬİ׾ãҲκá
ӷҪģǽˣͳͳĨɱʵ̫ˣɲǼ£òʱ򣬾һ
ˡ
ɱ󣬾¥ľŴ¥ѾûˣŭģھϸղŵİٱħŮˣҲ˵ڣ
м䣬ţּ˺ھǵ³ɵȥ
ΪҪģԼסĻǻ˵ǿ߲ǿߵģǸʱǿߣҲûʲôˡ
ϣСʵ̫̬ҵȲĶ֡ԸΪɽʵͽˡ
¥¥ҪܣҲ˵ӷЦ̰ļһ϶Żɡ
צ֣Ҫܵľ¥ץ˵ҽٴ𣬾¥ľŴ¥ڣֻʣһˡ
ûõķ
תͷһ۳ӷǱߣ׾ڵİмսԼֵܶһֽľ¥һĵӣڽ֮ڣȻӷɱ˰˸о¥ЩҲȫӷɱػߵĴ˵治Ǹǳġ
һָӷʮֱӵķŭѾ˼ޣǸղ¥ԣ֮ӣ֮Ķӣܸͨ˵ݸλڷƶ֮ϣֻҪΪٴһ׶ΣǾʸˣǸʱὫһǴ½һȱȫ
ɽ죬֮ӣȴӷƵһ·ûˣԼͱʮ򣬵ͷȴΪ˳ӷ֮Ц飬Բ
ξٴ飬ǶѾˣνľ¥νķɽڣѾһˣֻҪ룬ʱԽǸϼһȫɱôվվһߣǶ˽ĻҲ޻˵ˡ
ʱ򣬷û֣ϱ׾õסǾŸӷɱ˰˸⣬ʴϵĴսҲѾˣӷĻѾ˰ߣֻҪһ£ͿԳɱˡ۶˷ָӣһ˶ûУνȺףذɣӷѾȫȫסһսȰʱξٴ˵ЩһᣬⶼξٴЩνĳǿߣǰ׻˴뱲
ŮСռ˾ƣһֱֵĻ£ƾСӵˡǾһֱûж֣˵ǿȫѡһǾ˵
Աһµ˵δ꣬ͱֹסˡ
֪ڵľƣǳӷӮһ룬Ҳû˿Ա֤ϲ֣һƶ֣õΪ۷壬ҲĶ֡
Ů˼ǡ
Ǿһ˫ȵźڷƶϵǲӷƶϵµĻȵźɾΣˡ
ԭͻȻǷƶֶΡ
˵ӷ籰ɣٳӷ粻ɳصɡƶأѾ˵ǱˣֱС˵Ϊ
ξٴôɡ
ʱУ⻬˹Ǻܶ࣬ԲǷϡ
ӷ̧ͷȥߣȻǳӷʶġ
ξξٱ¡
ûξξٱѾ˹еξûиξٱһڣǳ֮⣬ʮͱ֮˹ȥ
ৡ
ξٱ½˳ӷξٴмλãŮ˻ǸǰһԼ֮ţҲû˿Ļģһֱ뽫
£ôˣ
ξٱû̻شξٴĻԳӷ磬˵͹ӣʵڱǸҸϺͿˣ¡
ξٱҲǸŮˣһ֮£һ֪һսʤ㣬Ѿ˳ӷȻˣξٴĻǽ
ȻǴػߡ
仰ξٱģػߵĴ˵Ȼģͳһ½ǰˣֻļ䣬֪ʲô˼
ãúȰ˵һӰɣʱ䲢ܶࡣ
ξٱת˵ףѾȥӹˣһƣǵϡ
˵ʲô췴ɣ
ףѵһжɶˣ͹ƿסȫֵȨΪУǾѰ·ѽ
ξٴһʱ޻ǣ̾˿ѵ
ףŮѾ֪ȺǵˡȻΪȺǣƾƶϰڲΪȵĺǣƽӵĻ飬Ҳԭġ
ӣʲô֪ˣҲ޻˵ˡѵ𣡽ɽ˲ųһ˻ˣȥʱˣͷֻڲ
ξٴǰξٱµļ˵Ժ򣬾ͽˡӷ磬ְɡ
ξٴ㷢ʲô񾭣֣лġ˵ˣϾҪˡ
ΰ㣬ֻΪƶϵвղŮ˵ûΪξټĺǣƽӵĻʲôȥξټ档
㡭
ξټġҲɱ㣬㽫ξټĺǸһġңպξټ壬Ϊ³Ȩ
ξٴ벻ӷ绹治ɱԼⷴеˡ
Ҳξٴ˵Уһ
֮ˣ֮󣬾Ȼ׾ͬһ
³СĿҲλ̫˵ɡѵǳȵ걣ס㻹ؽɣ
鷳ˣ
鷳
ƶϣˣ


1747 
ϵĳ֣˵ֿܣһûҵӾްҹֻ޹˷ʱһͷβļһϣѾӾްҹˣŻϹɱӷ磬Ͼڳӷ߶һ׾ãΪµ֮£һˣ»ɲ¡
Ӿްҹ̫СһֱǼһﶼڰУδʽֹǳۣûҵͬͶ󲻵Ķʣôȥ
ȻҲˣҲɵһֱͣȥӾްҹ׾ֱ۷壬ԼҲļ󣬼Ϸ˵ӾްҹתѾһˣ֮ǰת˴󲿷ֵΣѵڱʲôɣʵʵ֮⣬κˡ
ƶͬʱ֣۷徳ĳǿߣϹ֮Ǵ½ϵһڵ˼һ𣬾֮ǰĺӾްҹ޷ȫˣ͸˵ǰ׾øӷˡ
׾Ѿ˵˳ӷߣɵһ֮ȥԿƶˣͬʱξٱ¸ŮȻҪսߣҲֻǸӷվһ
ˣǰҲһ仰û˵ˣ˵Ƿɽˣ˻һ֮⣬ʮ̫ˣˣȫӷɡ
ϣھǣȫӷɱˡ
һ⻰ʮ⡣ˣϣģȫԼһģΪȳӷô࣬ΪʲôȫӷɱҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ѾˣڷƶϵлЩСɫҲȥЩˣΪҪģһɱӷ磬ǽϹŻʹٵóӷȥΪڻʹڵĶǷƶ޷µģǵʱĳģ
ģɱˣٹ
ƲǰȴվԼ˫м䣬һҲ
ѵ뱳Ϸ𣿡
֮ǰӷ˵ЩӷļвָվӷǱȥˣ˵ϸûһʱǣӣҲܽӶӷ硣
ֻҪбѵ뷨һ㣬
ϵһӣǿγһ⣬ֱӾȫ
ϣҡ
Ļֵĵ˵ȻƶҪɱ˵ٶҲûá
Ҳ˭Ҳɱ
ӷ米ųɰ׹⣬۵İ׹⣬ϣһ⵼·ϵ޷κ˺
ʲôȻԵֵסϷ
ϣӷ޸˲ֺ
Ȼ£ǲǻһֻ
ûǸղǽǵھȫɱҽھǵȫɵġ
ƶ໥һۣѵǡ
ֻأ
ǴֻأӷȻӵд˵񼶷Ҳ̫ӵ˰ɣⴴֻأǰռƬУ˾Ǵ½֮⣬е磬еȫɴֻͳģ
룬һĶӵе˭ֵܵס
ӷ磬Ȼӵ˴ֻأʶģѴֻؽϷ򻹿ȫʬ㽫ȫʬ
ӷ綼е⣬ƶϾȻ֪񷶦ô֪ģһƾ֪ǲ񷶦ǻ֪飿
ӷ磬ҪǷϻò֮Ըǡ
׾Աѵ
ƶ̫ǿǵ޷ɵģʮħһܽץ֮ڣ޷ץ޷ֱӻ񷶦ıʵ壬Ͳһˡ
񷶦һܾǺӾްҹǰʾ¼ᵽĲ֮֮޵еĴڣƶϣԵֵס
֮
ƶ໥һۣǷ·֪֮Ƶģϼһϣ˾ŵı飬£ȥ
ӷĹ۲ŷƶϵĶڰ׾˵֮ͬʱͿʼη壬ӣǲ֪񷶦֪񷶦Ŀ֮۷徳ĳǿߣҲηġ
ôãҲõͷ˰ɡǰǴ½ϼһ󣬾Ǵ½ֻһǾңӷ硣
磬ǣס׾ãóӷǼһʹôֻء׼ᣬɱ
ǣϡ
ʱ򣬷ƶϸҪʱͻȻǽ𶦵ĳҲǵһֵı֮ϣһ⣬ĵطӷƶ϶̫ԶȻһȽš
ãǻʹڣڳˡ
磬̽ڸƵ
ӷȻǰڵȫ˳ȻڻʹڳˣҲƶϺȥҪ̽ʹһŹˣ룬̫ܣʹֲͨĵطκ˵ͽ˵ͳġ
׾ãҪǺˣϽʹҪĶ档
ãϽȥ
˵ڻʹڣ׾þܱˣֻǰ׾ΨһĻᣬ
ƶϼӷ˳ڳȥҲ˹ȥ˵ǳ֮ǰ㽫ȫ
һˣڳξٴŮ⣬ղűƶһɱûȻǲɵΪƶˣҲ˵ǰһ˶棬͵ȥġ
ϣһȥ
㻹ûʸȥ档

ӷ׾Ѿ˻ʹƶҲ˽ȥڣֱӹرա
ʱξٴǼѾ뿪ڵ뷨ߣҪùˡ

ξٱµһͲŹԼξټȺǵ飬һĹơ
䵥ˣǾͱˡ
ƾǼҲ롭
ɡ
ξٴͻȻ֣ͬʱҲš
ƶϾȻҪɱˣǾͱˡ㡣
á
󳬼ǿߣ⣬ǱߣҲѾͲסˡ
ڿʼҾ壬ΪһߡɱԳ󻼡
Цѽѽ
֮ǰ׷ɱӷ˽ڣڵѾˡ
Ҫܣ֪Լһ˵ǾԶô˵ģֻ·һ
ξٴǲŹģȡͷǸӷ˵
ͨȭɱ
¡¡
޴ȭغлǱߵֵĻᶼûС
ۿһҪɱˣڳӷ֣֮֮ǰһսߵ֣֮Ҳʵ̫û˰ɡ
ȻһʱͻȻһڹ⣬Χ৵һʧ֮ڡ
ʮ̫ʧˣҲɵţϾˡ
Ǹˡ
ܲˣһ׷ɱЩСɫùܡ
֮һɽͷϣڹ֣ͳڹ֮ڡ
ʲôˣ
ǰһ꣬ȵվš
˭
껺תɭ
٤ɽˣ㣬Խľء

ľһȻؼʱ̣ˡ
㡣֪㣬֮ǰҶӡ
û
ҵģ
ңɱģ
ʲô
ɡ
֮ӣĲͷˣȻҡ
֮ӣˣ֮ӣɱ㣬ҿܻ鷳ôίһ°ɡ
쵰ʲô㣬㡭


1748 
һӳں󣬻ΪصӪ֮УȫڸΪƽأصӪȴûмӰӣҲû˿
ϴ󣬸游׵ʱáڸҲ֪ʲôطǵĴۿҪɺǱһʩ֮ˣΪѰɡ
Ǽ˭ȥ֮ˣֲû˷ʩʮ̫Уһλãȫ㵽ʱˣҲԼ޹ء
Ҳɵϣ֪ǶԼĿǰ˵ʵ׶༪٣û˷ƶϸܣξٴǵ׷ɱ֮ΣӷҪɱˣʥͳͳҪ
˵ıӷ磬ξٴɱʱ˭ܺȺ˭ͽΪ۶ǵһսˣֻҪʵϯµĻġ
·һ·һ֮·ҪƴһѣƴӮˣ£ģЩˣʱȫҪ
ǺãҾͳȫȸ׻Իһеġ
񲻰Ÿ䣬Ӫ֮⣬

ʲô£

ʲô
θȫԽݣȴǰ棬ĽʿҲҺѽһãСѱ
ҳȥ
Ӫ֮⣬һȺѾ۶˵˿ʮڻһڸʴϣսģ˵۶֮⣬оξٴ֮ǰд
ʱʧ٣ǵۿҪˣԼ߿ɲܷκζңȻ鷳ġ
ǲˣھ¡
ʮȫ˹ֻǵĶ棬ȫֱֳȻ۶˵ˡ
УһˣԵĺأˣҲվǰ棬һһȽĽɫ
һˣһۣ˳
ξ
ûǱߵĵһˣξ
ξǸξٱһģξٱȥڣȰ˵ξٴξ˴֮УȫĴڣȲ˵ҪҪǱϣ٣ܸȥǵĴ
ξţҲ΢΢һ˵۶ǴӰͶӣ

ξһǲˬָ񲷢ѡ
һ֮˵㲻ˡ
ӣһӣӣƨǡ
ξὫֻϣҲ˼ƽϣΪЩˣûʸξŭ
۶ˣ˱
˵ʲô
˶ΪԼˣξɵˣҲʲôطڵ۶˵ĴУȻҽе۶˴˱
Сӣ㲻⡣ξٴ˵ëߡ
ǲ֪ξٴΪվ˳ӷǱߣһ֪ϢҲ̵תǹͷģڣξٴǻûϹʱܽȫɱĻһĺ¡
Ҳô࣬ӲܸղǾ仰˭˵ģ˭Ҫξٴ񲺰Ҹͳͳɱ
۶˴Χ
ξ۷ĳǿߣȻֻǵһ죬ҪԸЩСɫûġ
һ̤أ¡¡һϳѺۣһĵ۶˾ξ𵹡
ӣղ˵ѾӦˣھͲӦ˷ʱ䡣֮ǰȥʴ϶½سǴǱ̸Ϲȥɺ
ξ˵ͷ˵ţȫҳϵ۶˵ͳͳ
ξĴô˵кöʮҪԼһа٣ǧûУҲģҪףΨһİ취ȸǱ߻ϡ
ˣ׷ɱȥ
¡
ʴϣսʼıըܸʴһеĺˮ졣
ͬʱΪ۶˴׷ҲѾʴ˹ȥξٴǼ뿪֮󣬼ʴϵ֪ĴսѾڸʴϿʼˡ
ֻһҵսʱ֮䣬սţ̵߲ĳӿȥں룬ƶǳѾ֮ǰɳӷĻ̼ҵҲѾں˻֮УȻ˵Ŀǰ˫󣬿ŵ۶ȫӿǵԵ̫Сˡ
ξٱվһɽ֮ϣŸʴǱߵ˵ףѾʼˡ
ˣΪʲôĴȫѵѾȥˣ
ףûлȥҲ֪Ѿǵˣ۶˸ǵ֮ľ룬Ӧȥǵغϣ۶˵׷ǵġ
ξٴȭͷ˵⺢Ӿ̫ˡ۶ȫʴȥˣٵ˵ǳԿġǱߵѾ֮ǰɳȥһϣǶ̫á
ףڸô죿
鶼Ѿˣ˫ĴҪͷˣûİ취ϸϹȥɱаɣ
ûиξٴȥǶһˣһȥξٴҲûȥע
ҪȽҳǻ쵰һ춼ġ
ԭҪҲ֪ﵽôģ

һ磬о⾢Լ̽䵽һƽԭ֮ϡ
ʲôˣ
ڹ֣ľأߡ
𣿡
Ǻˣ
㲻Ҫֻ֪Ҫ֪³һ
ʲôأ
ûʲô𣬵ȴû
ʲô˼
Ҫ˵ڣͽ͸Ұɡ
һһɭΧ
ƾ㣬ɱңǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
϶죬ģֻҪὫصġɡա
ľصǰһǿȻȡ
ʩչغΧ֮Դû뵽ȴľظ˹ȥ
Դе󷨣Ȼı£
ľͬʱҲѾܵĳ嶯ˡ
Ҳ֪ǰ˵ʲôˣȻԽıȫһ֮壬ֶΣҲ̫̬˰ɣһԼȥԼŬ͵ڸһѽ
УҪ
ܡ
Ҫ㿪ľصȡϧ⼱ֻ㹥޷ȥһȡ
á


1749 ˼Ļʹ
ӷ׾òûнǴ˵еϹŻʹǵһⶴУ˵һŽĿռ䣬ռ֮ڣ˽֮⣬ʲôҲûУҲģΪӷΧ߶һȦʱʱʲôЩȴĵĵȴĴڡ
ʲôط
׾ýӷ翿һ˱Ա˿Ĵ⣬֪ⶴеģԼˣƶϣҲڸղˣϼһڸʲôطȴǣҲо˵Ϣڡ
ϹŻʹһֱѰҵĵط
Ϊ˱ˣ׾õʾֻҪϴػߵѪҺҵϹŻʹڣлһˣҲħˡǣ˵ҪϹŻʹͱȵõŴڣӷҲֻõĴѣΪʲôϹŻʹǰˣð׾벻ͨҲڻɣԼڵĵطǲϹŻʹǵĻֻʲôط
ôܣطôϹŻʹѽΧʲôȴʲôҲ
Ϊн磬罫һжǿģ
ʵڽط֮󣬳ӷѾһּϤеĸоһ˵ĸоǳԶɽۣԽЩ˸ӷָоûʲôԳӷ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ϹŻʹɡ
ȷ𣿡
׾ôҲ̫ţϹŻʹΪ˵磬׾õʶҲ٣˵յĵطһ΢͵΢͵ǿԲ׳ģҲߵϢ׳ġڣԼӷ֮⣬׾øûоκεϢڡ
ӷҲϻֱԼϻһ˿ڣѪӳӷ˿
ʺɫѪҺڵγ˿֮׾͸оһɳȣɳȣ͸ϴγӷڰѪһʹİ׾ø޷ȥѪĳȣڵİ׾Ѿ۷ǿߣҲǳܲסġ
ӷ֪׾öԼѪ̻ûһѪ⣬׾ȫǳӷѪԪأ԰׾õֵסһԼ
׾ƽųӷѪڵϣ
ͻȻ䣬ΧĽ⣬ٵĳΧɢͺñ˾޴̨㣬Ҷ˿ɢ
漴ΧһУ𽥷˱仯ʧˣ֮ģһѪ⣬Ѫ⣬ǳӷģԭطġ
ڵϣֳ˵棬ڳӷ׾õĽ£վ֮Ѿǵˣֻе⣬Ľ𶦰㣬Ϊƽ棬һɿ˵ĵ棬ΪѪɫģڵϣѺۣ·Ǹɺ֮û˿ˮݶѿġ
ɵ۵ǣڵЩϸСѺУȻһֺɫҺ壬һɫͣӵð
ӷ׾õ۽磬µĵ棬ĳΧ˿ǰչֳһĻóӷ׾óԾСӦ˵ǳԾֱһ޷Ĵڣ
׾ԭͺܴ۾ĸӴˣɨΧһеͬʱʵȷϹŻʹ
ӷ綼Ѿ޷ش׾ˣطҲ̫˵ɣΧȷнһһĹֻЩ֮ģе֣ǸϽǰ㣬һƬطģǷָ˿ڲͬĵطеڸߴеڵ״ھ޿еġ
͹ɽȥĵؿӣɽУŸָͬСġɽڣҽĻɽЩǽЩɽΧģ
ʮ֮󣬴ĳӷһۿȥͿͷҲ֮࣬һۿȥ޷ȥ϶һŵ֡
ЩɽðģȫۼϷγһƬĺƬռȫָסˣ
ԣ겻ģһ
ӷ翴һУΪϤеĸоԲţطԼĵط
ͻȻ䣬ӷ˫һתԼǰһ޴ĹҲ˵ĹռݵҲйһͳдСſڵĽݣ㣬ſ֮ϣ߹һɻɫʯͷ̳ɵӣĵĸʹ֡ڤ硣
ǹ֮£һʯʯ֮ߴ󣬾ͬߵĽ¥ȥĻ˵Ҳǧ㣬ʯϣҲ޴֡
ӷģȶ֮ǰֲ˼飬ֳԾʯңѾʼʵˡ
룬ʯϵ֣ϵĸ֣Ӧñɡ
ڤ磬ڣ԰׷֮һĿ϶Ϲŵĳʹˡ
û뵽ϹŻʹȻˡΰ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһ˵˵˿ֲɣ
ȷطһĵ˭ĵϹųʹȻһ治֪ӷȵô쵽ģôġ
ǣǸʲô
Ҫ⣬ˣˣƶҲѾˡҪģҵǣΪҾãϼһطǲܵһۼʱ֪Ľ𶦾ϹŻʹĽ𶦡
Ľ𶦣Ļʹֱ֮˭ܴ׳Ľ𶦣ȥ뵽ʹĿһ㶼ãϹųʹӦǽ̻Ի͵ģϣȻǵԨ


1750 ȫ
ӷ磬쿴
׾һָߣԼǧ֮һɽڣǻɽ˵ռĻɽ֮һˣϵҽӻɽֱϷҽ㣬ĵطȴûеκһ緢ҽҲκһ˿˺
ӷ簴հ׾ָķȥǻɽΪ۵ģľ޴Ҳ緢ҽڻɽϣһ
һ˫еȫΪɫ׶һ㣬ν˫У߶Ƿģһ㶼һķɼǻɽڵ˫еر
ǡ
û״ӦþǾŴе֮ˣ
֮
ѽ֮ǰİֵ˵Ҫ֮ȳ֣Żֵġң֮Ҳû˿Ķʱֵأ
ˣǰʱ䣬ǶѾԭڵĹû´ĻŴеҲΪĹϵ˱仯ڣѾҪ֮˳֣ʣµͻֵġֹ֣ȴûоѣҪ֮˸ѪѪΪ죬Żԣ֮ǰİһġ
飬ӷΪ£ӷɲܸ߰׾ã׾Ҳ벻飬ӷйء
˵õǰ֮ҲûôģҪ
ӷ绰δ꣬ӣѾתһһתĳӷΪԾ񣬾ǼûԹͻȻ䷢һ㡣
ĺ°ɣ
׾ҲųӷķȥһɽϣȻҲһ
һ٣һ٣һѳɫ٣ȫ˳ɫıʯÿһűʯɢȹ⣬ĶǰѺ٣֪Ҫٱ
ǾŴеĳ֮
֮𣬳֮ۿôһ¾ͬһطȲܰ׾˵ЩǾĹϵǰ֣뻹Ҫҵ֮˲ܼ٣ӷ粻Ҫȥˡ
ʣµô
ӷתɽڣҲƬռɽУ˳ӷҪĶȫ֮֮⣬һɫȨȣһɫһ˫Сȴ־޴˫
׾õǰǴѽŴȫˣӷѾİѣѣȻȫطҲ̫˰ɣѵһ
֮ӥۣ֮Ȫˮ֮ᾧȫˣ
ʱ򣬰׾øҪǰȥõ֣ͻȻ䣬󣬽Χҽ꣬ȫӷߴ˹
ˡ
ϻ⣬ȳ˺֮ӥڵĻɽڡ
ͬʱҲ֮ȪˮڵĻɽڣҴЦӷ磬ǽ˻ʹôѵΪŴܾϷ㣬㲻òİѣڴ˵ء
ӷ׾þԲ
ҶԸһһжİգ
׾ʵʵ̫ˣӷشûա
ش𣬲òð׾еͷʹѽ
ƶϣԶԸһ֣ľ
ʱ򣬱Ц
ҴЦĻʹĹ򲻹Ҳû취
㲻Ų񷶦ǿǴֻأӦκǿߡ
ȱ˵ҵĲ񷶦ʲôֻصģЩô֪ģҶûء
ڲ˵Щʱ첻ϼһ򷢵ò˵ʹҲס
ҪҳȵĻʹҿɲӦ;һ԰ɡ
ʮʮȵİգڿɲǶԸЩƶϵʵ֮ǰҲѾʶˡ
ȷղŰ׾ڵֵϣ֮ǰƶϵ赲׾ýЩӷǶоˣҲۼˣ֮Ͳö롣
ַһ룬ӷ绹ڵʱΪڣ֪˶ٱǸʱĳӷѾԹĸŮĽɫˣѵΪˣʥ۷徳磬ͲȥԸһĴ񲻳Цˡ
ҪʵѽģʱĸŮ洶Ϊӷڵʿη壬ϻһڳӷ米û˶˳ӷ硣񣬳ںռ䣬ʿҲܷѽǸûʲô𣬻ҪһģӷŲɵȥء
һԣҲ˵Ǿȥһսһսָ֮治ͬԵģ۷ĳǿߣǴ˵е˵ӷǵһΣĳǿߣǾͿӷôȥӦɡ
׾øûʱ˵ʲôԵģǷƶеķϣҲϹʱڶľĶľ


1751 
ƶϿʼֻҪᵽ֣ǳӷİѾòҲ̫ˡ
ӷ粻Ŀƶ϶ȥȻ֪Ŵһᷢʲô£ȻͬʱϹǾͱض֮ܣϹ֮ӷսף汦һ
ҳ֮˭κˣߣҳҵĶҲ˭ܵõģżȻõһ㣬Ҳ븶صĴۡ
ɰ׾ȴֱӽӷסˣ˵Ҫ
ٲ֣ҪϼһˡңղԼ˵ģһ˶Ըһ
˵һһս
ʲôط
׾תۿĹ˵ǱߣսҲһԴĵطȻһԴ֮ǾͱǹУһжˡ
ԣĹϹų֮סĵطӵʲôû֪
ƶѾһ˳һɽڣǸҪγʱϣĹУɢһ޴⣬ֱӾͽһ𣬻˵һγһߣһ𣬾ӷڵİӦǳӷӲİѹȥǾҪԶܳˡ
¡¡
޴ķƶͬʱ˿ûκεĻᣬıҲûͱ޴ķˡ
ô
ϺǲţԼֵΪôһβ˵γ߶
ܣһϹŹĹڹУһʲô
Ͻ빬һȫٵ
ãϽ빬˵ҲѾûˣλҪõҪԭϹʱھͱʿٵĹٵ
ŷƶ˵Ļӷ粻ɵһ
һѵҲϹˣ˵Ѿûˣ⣬˵ԭϹʱڣӦñʿٵĻʹȴʵʹȴûб٣ڣѵϹһսУʲôʹʿƻûʹ
ȲЩȻƶҪǳӷȻҪȥģƶʱҲȶӷ֣ǱҪٶȣпƵ
׷ȥĴţ̼򿪵ģû˿Ƶ£Ҳ̼رա
׾òϻֱӳȥӷ׾֮
ǽܣ㵲סǡ
á磬ڵĶͽˣ׾õΪ۷徳磬һɱҲܽȥ
˫ִһӡơ
ţһƻУĿһѷ죬ԷΪ޷һȫġ
һѷ죬Խľˣ֪֮Ѿһַ˼ĵزˡ
ӷۿŷϽϾվǧ֮ϣҲŵǰ棬ڷϽ֮󣬽ʼرա
׾˵ãһرգҪٴδ򿪣ͲϵˣҪһʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣƷ϶Ѿڵһиƻˡ
ȥ潻ҡ
׾֪Ҫ˶ȥǾԲܵģϸס˭ȥ˵ǴħޱķҲҪ֮һ׾һЩ飬ҪڵһжˣԼʲôϣûˣֻҪӷܽ룬ȲܳӷֹܲϣٻϣˣϹĺᣬڣһҪȷĶࡣ
ӷ͵ĵһͷֻоһǿƶԼڹرյĴųȥ
ȥΡ
ֹ񻹰첻
׾Ļô࣬ȡʱʱһ֮䣬Ϳܾ˳ɰܡ
ħֶʲôȻħޱ׾ˣɾԺˣΪħ֮Ϊģȥħ֮󣬻ܴħ޵ġ
޴ĺɫβǰ׾ãѾʧˣȻԭθˡ
ӷǱųȥ߿Ű׾õı仯׾ˣʮּɻħ֮壬ʱȻһеģ仯ԲΣѾ˵׾õˡ
ģΪҸˣҶǵõӵеĻر
νĻرһҪ棬ܶܶණ磬飬飬֮ġ
ӷ׾֮䣬κεİ飬Ҳû˿飬ڣеģҲˣ飬ӷѾҲţ飬һܷչ
ӷ磬ڰﲻˣһУֻܿԼˡԭĹõԭĶס㲻ϹŻҺᣬǴػߣͬʱǺܶ˵ϣ


1752 
ӷ½ǸմţֻɱʯҪӲʯͷĴź¡һر
׾üӷѾɹҲʲôõĵˣҪģʹ죬ϸסܹ֮ʱ򿪣Ҳȥ
û֪֮ʲôû֪֮ᷢʲô£٣׾ò֪ӷҲ֪ƶ˵ϹʱھʹɱϾǹʱ䣬磬˷츲صı仯ڵصµĻʹʲôı䣬ƶ϶ҴƱ
֮ڣӷһƬڣ෴һ㱡ѪЩѪҲԿĺֻ̫ӴȵһͳУС˵֪ϹʱڳӴһôĵزʸ֮ڵģ˵ҲʥƷǿ߰ɣһͳУ¹˿ڵģҲ˵Ϲųĳǿߣѹڼˡ
Ϸӷ粢ûȥ룬ԼҵǶôǿ󣬶룬ôȻսӴ
һô򣬳ӷ粢֪֮˵ǸԷģҲǽ֮Ƭеģ٣㹻ϹųΪУҲ˵ľǿߣϹų֮¡
Գӷ˵䲻ģһϣǾ·һȲ˵ɣǿߣҲ˵İٷ֮һǧ֮һ֮һѽȻӷܽǴ½£ϳӷŰΪ޸ǿ½Ϲų֮ģ򣬳ӷȥһǿޱȣ޵еѽ
֮Уӷת˿һСʱˣȴϵӰûп֮󣬷·еʱȫʧӷоʲôλãǱߣҲоӷʲôط
һ㣬ӷ⣬ÿһξ룬ὨһǺ«Ķ«ʲôģӷ粻Կ϶һǣЩ«ǿȡģȡκ˵
ѹȵԿסôǿˣԭ֮ڣʲôˣΪһôľ磬ᱻЩ«ʱȥ뿪ʱ«ȥֻÿһ˵ƣŻȥ
ӷһ˿Ǳߵһ«ȥģԳӷȻһ㡣
֪Ӧð׾øϼһһˡطһеΪһеǸƣ
˵ţӷַһ롣
ԴӦǸЩ«йϵӦȫǴӵȥģҲʹЩ«Чһȥֻ뿪֮ЧãҲûˣֻһֵУȴԽһ˵ȫյ
ӷѾȫڣ˭ͨˣȻųʱĹҲǳӷڡ
ڴ˵ض֮£ţ˵һضɣϾЩ«ΪģȻγɵģӷͲõģϵΪԶԶԼû˿Ϊһͨ˵֮£ӷҲ˲񷶦һ˫ˣǾֻͨ˵ֶȥԣڳӷ˵Ǵ
ͻȻ䣬ϷЩѪУ˵⣬ⲢǺܴҲ̫ͷ·һ̶ֹˮϷһַǳٶƵġ
ӷȥÿһȥֻطеطƯһģֻֻǻӰˣĲʵ塣
ƶʱ޷ȡκһӦǸĻӰйϵ
ʱһӰӳӷóӷһ
ʲôˣ
ˣȷ
ӷԼ̫ˣͨˣٶ֮죬ط˭ӵ˿ɲ˵Ļǡ

һӦĳӷ̽ߣղŻͲҪʲôˣԣҲҪ۷徳硣ͬˣӷ緢֣УԼոս֮⣬ӦûĶЩˡ
ӷ硣
ϵڳӷ
ӷȻתֻϾͳԼİ֮⡣
ڳˡ
СΪˣȥ𣿡
طҵЩ«ˡҵȷû˿㣬ɱҵı𣿡
ӷһʣڷϿǺЦ
ȷڵȫʧһͨûʲô𣬾ǵЩ̫ȭˣԽϸſ£ӦûаƲŶԣΪʲôһгӣأ
Χɡ
ϲɵĴЦ
ӷ˫۳ΧɨţֻһӰΧӷٶƶţ͸ղŵһֻҪ౶
ʲô
ӷҪȥϸЩӰȴûиӷκλᡣ
ͻء
һӰֱӳӷ˹ӷоһɾ޴ĳײԼؿڣȻ䣬ӷоԼؿһʹۡһһѪͬʱˣɵȥ


1753 ϹŹ
֮ڣӷѾһͨˣеһжûˣΪĹֵס͸˵ڵˡ
ЩʲôΪʲôӵ˿ٶȸǿĽЩΪʲôЩ«Ӱ죬Ȼġ
ӷ絹˵ϣǱѪͣղһʹӷ˼ˣûϢ޸֮£ӷͺñǱסʣɱ޾ĳһ㻹ֵ֮ضûС
ʮӰΧͣӷЩʲô֪һٴνһܾҪȡӷˡ
ڵϣͿЩӰǵ飬ӷɸɲ
ӷ˫ָ˫趯ţƣأٶȣȴڹ껹Ҫ
ϲɵĴЦ˵ӷ磬Ǹֶû£Ϸ뿴ǸֶΣôӦĲʿ
ʿ
ЩӰȻڵʿѹӵĺ«ˣԭǸΪһģȻΪһ壬Щ«Ȼ޷κεӰ졣
ϷˡϹŻҵĺᣬĲʿǵģӦ°ɡһЩūţȴҪԼӸɱˣⳡϷϷ򲻵òȥȻΪףϷȻҲ㿴Ĳʿ
䣬Ҳ֪ΧʲôֻΧӰٵֳ
£ӷɴסˣֻһ·ˣΧԼΧЩһȫձģ۾ȫɫģͷɢǸͲʶ˼롣
Щǡʬ
ûʬڵЩʬͬģֻڵĸʬжǳĸʬٶȴǳ졣
ӷˣڵΪϹģڵʬпܵڵĲʿӰ죬ЩʿϢʱ佥ɢ˳ȥʹЩԭøõʬ嶼䣬һ㲻ĽʬڵЩʬϾܵڲʿϢӰģԣǲӵЩʿٶȡ
ϴЦô˰ɡʵ˵ʵϷҲǸողסϹŻʹ֮µĻҲܳΪ½׵֮һǸʴҲܵϹŻʹӰ죬Ż仯Ϊʴһеĺˮġ
˶٣˵ʱϷҲ¸㡣ʵϷֵϹĶľ֮
ľ壬ǳﳤ˵ǸϹʱڸƽƽǸľ塣
ﳤ˵ϹŴսʱľͻȻһҹ֮ʧˣڷһ˵ӷҲ˹Ķľ壬ûʧͶ
ԭҳͽ꣬Ƕľ壬ӦͶɣ
ûҲǸ֮ˣǳҵˣҲ֪Ǵ½λڣϷͲ¸㵱ʱˡ
ϺܿͽʱǶľ屳ѳľ˳ӷ磬ӷ֮󣬲ûκεķŭϹʱڶѾȥˣԼң˾ˣӷκεĽڡǣˣҲ䡣
ԭԪظڰԪأʿΪǶľ彫һ½ųֵġ
ԪأǵڰƻڤɢģʿǺڰƻۼƬһеаͳģû뵽ȴͳһ򣬼ϹֵסĹ
ôӷ磬ڣҲĿ˰ɡϷھȥȡ

ӷ粻ɵĴЦһ֮ǰǷϴЦڣҲֵӷˡ
ͷȻЦĳ
ϼһ㲻ЩʲôĻû˿֮£û취ɼȻңǾʧˡ
ʲô
Ҳ˵ˣϹŻҺᣬǳȵѪҺȻЩʿģҵѪҺͿԺǡ
ӷ绰䣬ֱӳԼղ˵ؿϣ˼£ԲеķڣΨһܾȳӷķˡ
ۡ
ӷһѪʱӷһֱֻ֣Ӿ͵סѪҺǰУȫѪ
˳ϹŻҺᡣʿҺ
ǷϵʧˣȻЩʿϹųĹģȻǲȥ˺ҵӷǳѪļ̳ߣҪ֪ҵѪɲÿһﶼʸ̳еģǳûѪӵѪҲǺܶ࣬񣬳ӷĺ«ˣѪǴڵģڵѪҺǲġ
ԼѪҺȥЩʿӦò⡣
ӷֱӳʿ˹ȥѪ֣һʿؿڣҺ
ϾȻһҲûȥܳӷ磬ӷʱҲɫ䡣
顭
һ죬ӷٴαˣ
ڵϵĳӷֱͲţԼѪҺȥ˲ʿΪʲôǻԼ
СӣҲ̫˰ɡϷ㣬Щʿֻһ˵ĺˣ᲻ܵġȻо
ϵóһ̣̣еǸ̡
о̣ӵеķǿԺЩʿġ꣬ϷͶ֮ǰͽ̸͵˹ֻҪ֣ϷҪЩʿ˭Ǿͻṥ˭ԽȫȥΪϷһ֧ȫµľӡ
ļһѹֵʱҵǹȵˣȥ֮Դԭ̣ԼȵõķܿסЩʿġ
鷳鷳ѽ
ӷʵһ취Ҳûˡ
ϲٷϻɱ
еĲʿȫӷ˹һ֮ͻȻʢǿӷΧ
¡¡
޴𶯣ʹζϵɫ䣬е̣Ҳ˵ϣ⵼ЩʿǱƵģˡû˿ǣҲҶ
ܣôܣ
ʱӷڣһѾͳʥʿʥ
񽣡
ӷҲ벻ԼһûˣܻκεķΪʲô񽣻Զ֡
Ȼóӷ벻š
񽣸һ֣ǰһűǱ֮ϣһӰǻӰĳ֣ʹķ˫ַ˫ŷţȫʼ
ô£÷۷徳ĳǿ߷˵ǲܷģַˡ


ϵˡ֣ǶǱϵĻӰģҲ˵ǱϵĻӰǱˣϹųĹҲǳӷˡ
ӷۿȥֵĳԾڷ֮£෴ȴǷ֮ϡ
ôܣ
˵ǻӰȵĻòӣҲ̫
֣
֣֡ɲ㺰ģ֡ΪסˣǸĸģִ֮⣬ӷ磬ҲǸĸѽ˵ʮ⣬ףȴһ޵ߡ
ڣǱֵĻӰ÷϶ŵĻĻӰӷȻףҲ˵ǻӰӣǡˣ


1754 ŭ
֮ͻȻ޾Щ«ɢģǴǱϵĻӰɢġ
ϼӰѾηĻͬһԶѹجа㣬˿ʼ˼룬񣬻ܵޱصĴִȴԴʧܣһˡ

ϹųĹǸ޵еĴڣǸӲĴڡ
ǣϹŹӦѽǻΪһѪ˻һڣôܻأ
ѵһжǼٵѵսֻһ𣬵ʱĳ֮ûȱĴڡ
ɻӰϾǻӰϴٴη壬һӰʱϵģҲƽ
ܣԲܣǰѾˣôܻ֡
ϵĻڳӷֱĪǰӰԼĸ׳ۣʲôʱʲôˡ
֣㲻ںռΪʲô
ӷ绰δأֻϵĻӰǸ۳һģһĻӰѾĴӱվ
ˣڵϵĳӷҲǱӰǿƵ˺󣬿ɳӷҲоӰޱȵǿߣϲ֪Ҫǿٱ֮⣬Ͳ˿ϢҲ˵ӰǰµģڣͲˡ
ڸܵ˵ʱӷ޷ȶˣ߳ӷ֪ľ磬ߵģ϶쾳磬Լ׳ۣǸδʿǵѾԽ϶쾳磬ǰӰǸӰΪʲôҲųԽ϶쾳
ԣˣǰ֣Ȼǿ󣬿ɵûϢ
ӷۿŻӰȫ֮۾Ҳû˫֣ȴѾٹͷһ۰£ӲƣӻӰڱʹΧеĲʿȫΧס
ʱ֮䣬еĲʿȫǻӰ˫֣һȻ֮䣬ǿٴα
ֱӽǰһŵĲʿΪУһŵĲλãͳͳӰҲϢ׾ٵȫˡ
ϱǽϣͬûһѪ˳ˣɱȳӷصĶࡣ
еĲʿ󣬻Ӱƽӷ籾ΪʲôˣȴϣӰȻ˫ַ֮ͷ̧ϣϷһڶڶ֮УȻһƬ档
涴
ܿԽκεؽĳ涴Ҳ˵ܿԽʱյĳ涴ȻڻӰ̧ͷ֮ô׵ľͳˣʵ̫˼ˡ
𡭡
ӰʲôûֻǴһһ֮УȴżŭƬռ䣬ȫ
֮İ׾øϻڽ֣˫˵ǲ£û뵽ͻȻͻȻһŭ֮ð׾øϣȫŭˣˣһɽ֮ϣлɽҲѾŭ𶯵ͬһʱ䱬˳
ʲôȻǿ󡣡
׾öţԼѾ۷徳ˣɸղһŭȻԽԼԼֵʸûС
ʱɫ԰ףǱ׾ôģŭһϾ͸ڵķһˣ
ǡܣԲܣ
ʵڻʹ֮ڣҲһġ
ǵĴѾʴϵĵоȫɱ⣬ڶɺˣҲѾǵһ𣬽۶˵ǽڽڰˣѾӸʴϣ˻صţޡ
˹ӶԿƶϵĻᣬϽ۶˵ȫɱ⡣
ȫѾ֪ڵҲ֪ƶ϶ɽˣӷ׾ãƶϽսʱ򲻽۶˵ȫӷ׾һʧˣ鷳ˡ
ȫҪչȫĽʱͻȻһŭ𣬴Ǳߴһŭ𣬵˫ľӣ½ħޣȫ
˫ӣȫȥʱ֮䣬½һƬڰ֮Ув֪ʱƣ½գһƸסˣŭȴΪһ޴⣬ֱʣţϿգһ޴Ŀӣֱӳ档
ŭ֮Ǵ½ȫһ޴֮У𣬸صĻɽǿ磬Ǳ꣬ٱģͳͳ½ҡеĺϣ죬еɽӷ˿
ŭɵĶ˵ֻԾɶĻҲδֳ̫Խ۷ɡ
ŭ棬ȻھǴ½֮ɢ˿һŭ𣬶ʱ֮䣬Ӱľ޹⣬˷ȥһ޹⣬Ȼ֮УִһӣֱӾͳӳ˽ȥ
֮ڣδΧŵ磬ҲŬķš
ٴν
δԼѾǣЩ˶󣬿ΪҪģǽ£һССĵòµĻǾܳưʲôá
ʱһŭҲ֪ʲôطʹĽδ´󾪣Ȼת֮䣬һ޴⣬Լ߳˹
ǡⲻܣ
δͷе񾪱ߣۼҽ
δ䣬¡һ嫴ȫɢǿߣΪУ˵֮⣬ΧеһУȫܵƻ
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Źùãô£һͷ׷ʵ
ʳ֪ͺˡ
ҡͷʾһ֪ڣûܵκεĲ
Щ÷Ϳˡ
㶵Ŀգĵǿһ޵еΪʲôôϤ
Ƭ棬ܵŭĲĳ̫Ӵӣմһϣŭ͵ˡ
̫ӣСġ
ʲô
̫ɫ䣬շӦֻоؿһʹһѪ˳ӣֱӾ͵̫ǰȴ벻Ȼ˺
̫̫ӣ⣬ǾڤϹʱΪǿޣ޵еƬ棬ܾϸϻʣ˵˵ʦڣŭ񷡭
̫ӵ˳ӻ꣬Ϊһ̣̫֮С
̫ҲղŵŭˣһֻԼؿڣе̣˵ص򣬱̫ӻ㸴ġʦڤ磬ϹŹû뵽㻹һ꣬һųȻ˴ĶžҲˣϻȥܻб


1755 
ڵĻӰڽʧ֮ǰŭ֮ǿӷ֪ܲһôĵزҲǽϹŻʹ𶯰ɣȴ֪һŭ𣬾ȻԽϹŹѾƬ棬ǱߣܵǿҵĲ
˵ɣǳԽ۷ģԽĻһ㡣
ڳӷʶУҲ͸׳۸δΪԽ۷徳磬׳ۻԶڽδ֮ϣղǻӰŭһôľ磿Ϊʲôĸ׳һģһ㣬ӷʵ벻ͨӲ֪һ˵ΪԽ۷徳ֽ֮ʲôά֮Դ𣿲ǻԶԶ֮Դ֮ϣŸǿ𣿲ԲܣΪǳۻǽδȡģҲ֮Դֻ˵ȡ֮ԴˣҪǿˣ
ڣӰѾʧӷûȥѯʲôžˣҲòκεĴ𰸡ȻӾްҹµʾ¼УⷽĽˡ
Ѿղŭˣƣڳӷ֮ϣΪ֮ڵĹϵɣֳƸղǻӰϹŹϹŹĵϣܵ㱣ɣ򣬲ǷϣӷҲû
ڵĳӷȫһûУǲ˶ٵģ˵ӷ޷ȥɱϣͬҲ˳ӷֺ
׾øϵڵĳӷһģ˫֮䶼û˿вˣôߵĿ϶Ǽβ͸ϽˣģҲҪҵҪҵĶ
ӷ磬ˡʦȻͻȻ֣һ֮˲ġղŵĳʦϾǸӰǰѾˣܾһΣȲڶΡ
֪һҲûУˣ£ӷУϹʱںòĳ֮ڳҺ˵ٴλָ
ϵӣȥӷҪȥ׷˵޷ϼһһܽ£߽ԶҲǼ¡
ֻǳӷطһ㶼˽⣬෴ȴǺ˽⣬ǰ֪ڽٴˣҪ뿪ûκ谭뿪Ǽǳ򵥵顣
ļһб±ܡ
ϵӰѾʧ˳ӷǰͬʱӷ翴Ǳ֮ɢһĺڹ⣬ֺڹ߱óӷϤģҲֹһθֺܵڹˡ
ǺӾްҹ
ӷ֪ȻӾްҹˣǾ˵ʾ¼ҲǱ֮󣬵õǵݵʾ¼ӷ֪еһУ֮ǰ֪ģЩ֪ģ߽һ𣬿ܻõĵ伮°벿֮ء
ȥǷϣˣ۷Ϊڶʱ֮Ҳ޷ȬģӷĴҲԳʱ½ȫ£ʱʣһɽҲͺðˡ
һ¡ǰֻҪЩĻӰƵͿõˡ
ȥҺӾްҹĵʾ¼ӷڻеѡ
أʾ¼ֲɣ֪᲻ᷢʲô£Ͼû֣ȽŰۼȽҪ
İĸ֮ˣóӷ罫İȫϻû֮˵ǰ£֪ܲõ֡
ӷߵһĻӰǰҪ취ӰƵָոһӰӰȻԶʧˡ
ͬʱ棬ԵǰҲ˾޴ĹââֱĴϣ޴ʯţǡһԶ˿
ӷͨţϸոճȥѾһҪˡ
ܡ
׾Ҫȥ׷ɱǣȻ֪ղڷʲô£ɷƶ϶ˣɱǵûᣬˡ
ӷ󺰵׷ˡ
׾ò׳ӷ絽ô뵽Ǵ½ƶΪǿӦĵˣ첻ɱǣպ鷳ˣɳӷȴôõĻᣬ׷ˡ
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ȱôˣڵĻӰֻҪĻӰˣӦþͿõ֡ᣬȥȫó
׾õ˵ͷ˵Ǻá
ӷֽİĻӰˣʱɽϵȫ˹ââȫͨţ֮ڡ
׾øûȥĹâһǿı㣬Ᵽ㣬ʹκˣ޷ȥ۷徳İ׾ãҲġ
ôҸı߶
ӷҲ֣ӦѽΪʲô
һ¡
ڵĳӷ磬İ׾ãĹâڵλãۼһ𣬲γһǵ״ͣתš


1756 
λòͣתţڰ֮УŰ׾ýѾ˵ϣɵ֮ϲϵ쿪ſڵĵ棬סˡ
ͬʱЩ«УҲɢ壬һɹγɵ壬е壬ȫӷߴ˳ӷڡ
ӷоԼĻָӦǺ«ԼȫͷųˣȻ«ʼͷǶڰ׾þͲκεӰ죬ͬʱӷҲ޸Լơ
ܿ죬ӷȫָҲ֮䣬ȫµȫ޸ˣڵϵǣȴһѪ⣬Ѫ⣬ʹ·ͼķΧ֮ڡ
ʲô£
ӷȥʲô׾޷ȥǣȴȱ仯治֪ᷢʲô¡
ʵ֮ڵĳӷˣڸͿǵȫΧϾ̫󣬶ӷ̫Сˡ
Ѫ⣬³ӷڵѪԶǰѪѾ˵ս׸汦飬ӳӷڳ֣ڿڳӷǰİ֮С
Ϊʲô
ӷ翪ʼͿΪʲôԼҵûõԼ֮Զ֣ԼѪҲõԼ֮ǰͳˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ѵĹϵ
ӷ翴Ű׾ã׾ڵı飬֪˵ʲôƵģ˵ļ
ӷҲʣҲ룬ʱ׾öŵĻ磬ûֵԼŵˡ
ļȫһֵͬӵ㣬ȫɳ֮⣬ͬĻɽ֮ϣͣ
ʱ򣬾ŴѾȫۼˣҲˡ
Ŵȫۼ֮໥֮˹ֹȻ¾ɽͬʱ˳
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޴ĻɽϹʼ𶯣𶯸֮ǰӰŭɵȫͬղһֳԵ𶯣ȴһֻԵ𶯣𶯣ʹϹҪˡ
ӷڵ֮ϣһʯͷӷʼЩʯͷÿһʯͷǾ޴ޱȡ
Ҫˣ
׾ܵͷһݣԼӷ磬طԼ˵Ψһط׾ֲΨһĻᣬλᣬǾԶܳΪˡ
ڣ𶯲ûг̫ãԼʮӺ𶯿ʼֹͣϷʯͷҲԽԽ٣ӣӦòˡ
ӷ׾ͬʱĴֻ֮ɽҲȫֹͣ˱ŴԼĹâеĹâھۼ
âڳӷ׾վ֮ؾۼ͸ղһۼĹâȴһǣһѰѵڲͣģĳ֣һĻ֮ڣͬٻʢ㣬ޡ
ӷ׾ÿ˺ܾãûףŴ㣬ʲô˼أʲô˼ûеĻǸһĻֻΪ޲ɡ
Ϲųģ㣬ѾҪκεĻˣΪ⻭Уӷ׾ǷֱϹŸͬķؾŷ
ȻھŴ˾žŰʮһεչֵ֮鷢ˡ
˿̳ڳӷǰģѾˣһˣûŴȫΧ˵Ǵ˷Ϲ֮ϣ·ھ֮ϰ㣬ǵƣ˭ˣηġˣȴǳӷղǸӰΪ֮ˣǸŮˣŮ˵˫۽գ˫ȴſģ·ӵذ㡣
ŴΧ˻ǸŮ˵Χ⣬һͷޣŮ˵£Ҳ˵Ůˣվһͷ޵ϣޣɾǾͷˡ
ӵžŴ壬ͬʱԼԦžͷޣҪ֪ͷޣϹųĻޣʲôܹԦ˹֮⣬Ӧòеڶ˲Ŷѽ
ʱ򣬻еգһ⻯£ЩУһˣеŮӣҲʱ۾˫ۣһǴͷ
ǰˣʱĴ
еĴͷ˿˵ˣڻ˵ˡ
Ůӣȴûлش𣬽ǵһӣŴȻȫĺ˵˹ȥ
ѵǾСѾͷû´ĻӦþǾ֮װɣǾڤػʹͬʱҲǵʮ
˵ĻͻȻʧˣǶ·һ
ӷ磬ȴǴĿŻʧĵطղһĻӷǿĺģԳơʡߣӦþˣҲ˵ղһĻϹʱսĿʼǻеŮȴ
ӷȻתߵİ׾á
㡭
׾һֹסӷҪ˵Ļ˵еͿˣһҵ˼·
ӷȥ԰׾õ飬Ѿղȫһˣȴû˿ĵ⣬һۣ˰׾õһ档
֮ףػʹȻеʮ㣬׾ãȻǵʮĻ


1757 ʾ¼1
ôŴ֮ϣȻеʮ͸֮ϣеʮһң׾ãȻǵʮĻҲ̫˵ɡ
ַһ룬׾õݱأΪħޣǴģԼ֪ΪΪħ޲ˣܽΪ϶ľ磬Ҳħܰ쵽ѽѵΪ
ʮڤػʹָĳʲôϵΪʲôĸһģһ֮䣬ֻ᲻ϵ
ӷ糹ˣԭԼôõİ׾ãħŮȻԼͳһͬʱҲϹػʹڰ׾õϣֳеôأ
ǵʮǾͿԽͣǸкӾްҹģΪʲôҪˣ
Ӿްҹô֪ˣ
ˣ۷徳磬ҵġ㵱ʱҲӦøо˰ɣ
ȷӷ統ʱȷǸӦ׾ڽϵ죬Ǹʱƶϳֹڣؼʱ̣Ӿްҹˡ
֮ǰӷ绹ף׾õΪΪʲôֱӵ۷ľ磬ڳӷˣԭǺӾްҹġ
Ǽһʲôط
֪֮ʧˡҲϹˡ
ӾްҹϹˣ㣬ӷ֪ˡ
Ϲųһˣ
ûƶҲʶģǳ棬Ϲĵһ󽫣޵С
޵УӾްҹϹֻ湻ġΪʲôܵȥأ
˵ĻǸ磿
ǰɣڵ磬ǻеһ򣬶ǺӾްҹǻеһʼʣȻֻǱģ˵ʲô޵УϹų棬ҾͲˣʱΪʲôûھĴսս˻
֮ǰ˵Ƿ뿪ʱľڤġ

ûǷϹŹ֮뿪ڤ磬뿪ʱսԭҾͲˡ
׾˵Ķģʱ㣬ҲǷϵġ
˵Ӿްҹںʱǳҵ˸ոս뻷õʱʱΪһӾްҹҾѾư˻
Ȼ˺Ӿްҹ֮⣬δҲǸʱ򣬳ڻģҼ޸˺ӾްҹںӾްҹٿһС
ңӾްҹδ˵ǰʱڻ֮УѵһУڵʱƿ֮УȫǵʱĹȫƺ˵ĻǵʱĹҲӦ㵽Ϲų³ѽӦô׾ˣ
òǡ
ӷȻתǱ޴ıղűֵǻӰϹŹȴ
ɣⶼԣ
˵Ӿްҹǳ޵еתԼĸ׳أ
ѵҰ־ϹŹת
˵ʲô
ӷ˶֮Уһʵ̫˼ˣģһеĿֺڣ
׾ã֪֪Ϲɹҵ棬ʲô֣
ʦѽѵ֪𣿡
ʦ
ۣ
˳ƿʨΪʨʨʦһ֮
ӣҵĸףпܾǳʦת
ʲô˵ϹŹת
ղŵŭ˰ɣ
ţҪҵ֮ǿƬ棬ܵУҲû˵еĹһоĵղֻһֲˣ󣬷֮ˣȫһĻǡ
Ƭ棬ݻ١ղŷߣϹŹһӰҺϼһǻӰй
ϹŹǾѹˣ
ǻӰҸ׳ۣһģһ㣬֮ǰҲ˵ҹùãһģһӦΪĹϵɣû´ĻĻӦǹҳҵѪҺҪ࣬ҲҪҳҵѪҺУ
׾õò˵һɺϣϾһѪгһĲûʣǰ׷֮һĻҲǻʣ׾ΪϴгҵѪҺٷ֮һĻʣ
ӣе飬㶼Ѿµһ롣
ţһ֣ҪͨӾްҹʾ¼ףҳҵ벿ĵ伮ʲôطϹŹΪʲôҪһУó޵תΪ˺ӾްҹԼתΪҵĸףͬʱ֮䣬һѪԴϵһȴڰңɰҵķҾһ
ʵ˵ʵӾްҹóӷһӷҲ١ǳۣΪӷףԳӷں󣬶ʵϰӷģͺñһ˰㣬վԱߣŲܣҲͳӷʿǴγһ֣һڱʱӷ֮⣬³ӷ۶֪ʲôطҲѹԽ쿴ˬˡ
Űڳӷ׾õΧȫģˣ
ͬʱӷ׾ãͬʱǱ֮󣬴һ
ĩ޵Уݼ¡


1758 ʾ¼2
֮󣬿˵ĺ󹬣Ҳǹ޹
ӷ׾޹һе˽ȥûȥڵľŰˡ
޹棬Ȼ֮ͬ޹ȴͬãӵһɽҲɽиָķޣľǳӷ׾˶δġһУȫֻһľӰˣǺ¥ֻĻ¥Զʧˡ
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ΧĻӰݣɢص㣬ӦֲͬͶεˣŵ㣬˾ٱ
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뷨õģҪʵǾԲܵġȲ˵ֶڸû˿Խ̳ӷ磬ѧˣص˵ܲʩпǸ⡣
飬ӷûȥ룬׾ˣĵطȥ
һ޹֮⣬ӷֹͣŲΪ޹Ĵǳģ޹֮ڵԲǰһˣһˣͿȥԼʮͷ˵ǰһˣһ꣬һԼʮ궼꣬굥ȹ˵ǰ
˵ĴŶͨ˵ƣǳǿˣɢƣ·Ҫذ㣬ĺȾƣıпԿ£һǳӡ
꣬ǰйţȴ裬ţȴ԰Уֳһɭ̬֮Ȼ֮£Ҳγһɾ޴
ӷ׾ãѾ֮ˣˣûܵ˿˺ƵġҲ˵󹬣֮ڣ˵޹ڵ֮⣬סκˣǽġ
ޱǿˣȴһĻӰ͸ղڱֵĻӰһѣˣҲǸղڱֵǸˡ
ӷ˺ǳۣǳӷĸ׳ۡ
׾ֹס˳ӷ磬˵ϹʱĻӰģġ
ϹʱĻӰ
ӷ翴˿Լĸ׳һλϹŹֿ˿꣬ղԳǳ޵УҲ˵ǺӾްҹˡ
֮УȻϹŹ޵еĶԻ˵ʲô˵ĻӰǺӾްҹģʾ¼ӷܴӴ˶˵ĶԻУ֪еһСֻ˵һУǺӾްҹŵģΪںӾްҹıˣˣǽδˣǽδҲںӾްҹ˵УˣϹųĹʦ
޵Уʱˣ
ʦ䲢ûиӷ̫η壬׾ãȴǻ͸ղŵķƶһ
ӷһ°׾õļ˵£Ҳ˵ˣֻǻӰѡ
׾˿˵ѷ˵ܲ𣡡
ѽѷȲ˵λϹŹˣǳۣƬУмǲηģ˳ԶɽԽӷ֮⣬ƾȽɫη˳۵ֶΡ
ϸţǼһĵʾ¼֮ĶԻ˵һС
׾ʲôҲ˵վڳӷһҲȥ
꣬ҲϹʱڳһ󽫳޵˵ʱ䣬ʮˡ
ʮ꣡
ļһǳ޵иʱĳӷһʮѽΪʮΪȻǡ۷徳磡
һգ۶ʮȥˣ뵱ճʱ򣬱۾Ϳʣ˻ʹسһˣûйֹۣ
޵Ѿվ˵£ûĻǾûнĳ޵С޵֣ǱΪȡģ˼Ҫ޵¡ʮҳԵĿ࣬ܵĿ飬˵޵ĻǼٵġЩĻʮ޵У޵¡

ʦЦһĵ˵ͷ˵޵£ܿ£ж󣿡
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ڤ磿޵ѽ޵Уʮĳɾͣȷñۺ⣬ļʶȴñۺʧ
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֪ʲô𣿡
޵е㶣ʵʲô磿
磬ҲǸǾڤͬһ½ռ䡣
£Ҳ̫ס
֪֪½ôģ

֪֪½ʲôط
ҡ
㵽ڣʲô֪ȴҪ޵£˵£Ǿڤ磬ס½һڤ磬ʲô
׾öɵһԭϹųĵһ󽫣޵ڴ½ĳ޵УȻϹŹһģ
ӷҲǿЦһ˵ļһҴô鷳Ļ쵰Ȼȵͽܣ
֮ǰ˵ʦĸ׳һǲ㸸׵ǰ
Ӧǰɣ֮⣬Ҳһġ
㸸Լ֪֪һУ
ϻҸ֪ĻһܵʲôҸԼˣҳҲᱻһѹôˣֱҸһŲҶҳҴСеġ
˵㸸׽ռ䣬ҲǼżȻˣܿ£ڳʦ֮ڡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪҸ׵ԶԿˣ
Ϊģǰһ·һΪ޴
Ϊң
û룬ʦ㸸׵תΪʲô޵вֱ㸸ף㣬Ѿ֤㣬ǳʦõġȻҲģĴڣĳλϣܱ㸸׸
ҿȲҪ˵ȥɣ𰸣ں档


1759 ʾ¼3
ʦµĺžƣ޵оվһԣûһ䣬Ϊڵȣ͸ӷһڵȴҪ֪Ĵ𰸡
£׳ʦ޵˽ʲôͬЩӷ֪ˣɵʱĳ޵ȴ֪
ڤλãһƬúеĴͿռ䣬Ψһһ磬ν磬һС͵Ŀռ䣬ĵط
ú
ûúģںܾǰʲôطκεڵģָֻͬµܱ䣬ЩγͿռ䣬ͿռֱΪռ䣬򣬸Ǿڤڵģ档ռγ֮󣬲ŽЩҲǰѭеǰģбȽںռ䣬Ϊصģ㵽ڣκȥ̽ڡ
£˵Щʲô𣿰˵Щ£ǸͲҪ֪˵Щ£̫£˵ʵͲȥ̽ġ
ռ䣬صĺռڣ໥֮䣬ǻַģ໥֮䣬ҲҲͨķɾڲ֮ǰͻȻӦռеѾҵͨķңҰģΪռĿռ䣬ܳưռ䣬۴һּگ飬ҪͶ֮Ǿڤ֮ʱ
ţ޵дŭʲôȻ˿ֻҪǸñ³֣ҳ壬ܽǴϼȥ
޵У磬ȷ˵仰ʱͬһӴĿռ䣬ֻһ磬ȴ磬ʣǿޱȣڵ㣬ǵĶ֡
۷徳磬֣ЩһΪͳԽ۷徳٣ǸʲôǴԽ۷徳ġ
ѵ£ҲǸʲô𣿡
ʦ˿ھƣ˵Ը˵ʵ˵һʣһ֮ǰãҲѾһսʵԶԶڱ֮¡
Ȼˣǻʲô
Ը˵ʵȷõģڣʣҵͨķͬʱҲҵͨռķ
ռ䣿£ղŲ˵ռռΪص𣬸û˿ȥ̽
û֮ǰҲΪ֪ʲôȻ˺ռ䣬ңӺռУõһ
ѵηģǼ
ûǼۿԸоǺռУΪǿΪֻأֳƲ񷶦ӵ޾ͳ磬Щ磬ʽ͵ġɣռγɣҲǼйأ
ʲô磿ձ˵ڵľڤ磬ʲô򣬺ռ䣬Ǹʲô񷶦ͳģ
Ӧû
ǸԸǵĻǿɾΣˣ
ΣգǱذܡڡ
ţʦеľƱͣһ£ͻȻһѪ˳
£
Ҫš
£ˣ
ʦеľƱ£˵£֮⣬֪ĸڡ
ĩףʱɱʱ򣬲֪ˡ
ʱʵĲ񷶦ˡã
ʦһĨȥǱߵѪһһӣֻһУУȻһ࣬һγɵ࣬࣬ǻģڶ
£ǡ
˱ۣҲҪ۵ġ⣬Ǳʽ֣ڵв֮˲񷶦Բ񷶦˱ۣɱҲǸʱ򣬽񷶦࣬˹
񷶦࣡
ӷ󾪲ԣ񷶦ΪʲôԼ֪
û˵һ仰ȥиĴ𰸡
࣬Ҳ˵ǲ񷶦񷶦Ǽӵģһˣʧȥ˵ܻ𣿡
£Ҳ˵ǼһѾʧȥЧˣ
㱾۶˲񷶦࣬ɲ񷶦һʱģʱ֮ڣض񷶦ǰڤ¡
£Ǹô죿ǲǽˣ
޵У˵ȻӵźռһսǾڤ磬Ǳذɵġ
ذܣ
ⶼû򣬾˵ܣǳʦ˵Ļѽ
ƴĩҲõš
ûõģ۶вڤ磬˭֮⣡޵У۲²ⲻĻ֮ڣͻɱˣ
ĩȥ׼
㲻ȥ㻹иҪ񡣡
Ҫ
޵вס
Ҫ㣬뿪ڤ硣
ʲô£ʱĩߡ
۲ҪߣҪסͼպ󡣱Ѿ㵽ĽսУ۸ĸս
޵ɫսĸսǾڤ磬ʲôϣ
ģһսսȴԶʧ֮󣬻תΪҳϺ
£ѵҪĩ𣬵ȱºתپ
û۾Ҫȣ㲻ҪȣʱҪҺɾߣصڤ硣
£ҪĩôãΪ˰
۲Ҫκ˰ʱתΪǿĴڣֻϧѽ㵽Լδһ֣
֣ôС£ǵΪɻģģ
ԣںҲ̫ˣֻΪؼʱ֡ҪģҪڰиģ
ʦԼе࣬Ҳǲ񷶦ࡣ
ʲôҪĩһࣿ
ûɲһͨ࣬ǲ񷶦֮࣬ҲΪҳʧȥ˲񷶦࣬޷ò䣬Ƭ棬񷶦ҲƣȥѰԼ࣡ʱתΪҳǲ񷶦ͻֱΪġ
޵㶣ųʦе࣬ʧ˵µĩԵӡɱ£ĩҪȶã
ȱת֮񷶦࣬תΪ۵ġ̫ӡ


1760 ʾ¼4
˵׾ⲽʦŵĻǳӷⲽѾﾪΪ˵ľˣ
ӷ벻Լõ񷶦һɺϣڤڤ֮УѾƺˣʦûǲ֮ȥֵĽص£ȴųӷĳ֣Ҳиİհɣ٣񷶦Ѿڳӷˡ
ͬʱӷҲףΪʲôԼ࣬ɲ񷶦ˣԭԼˣǲ֮תģҲѹֹƻһһγڲ񷶦ʱҪӷΪһ壬ҪģһĲ񷶦
ڣƻһѾ뿪˲񷶦ûκˣٴν룬ûκˣԽ񷶦ӡˡ
ǰһЩ£ӷҲףΪʲôδ֪񷶦ĴڣΪʲô׾û֪񷶦Ĵڣδ֪񷶦һҲ֡ڰ׾ãǳʦһ壬ΪʮĻͬʱϹػʹܶ飬ģͲҪȥѰκεĴ𰸣
޹ڵĻӰδʧ˵ʦ޵еĻû꣬ʾ¼Ҳõﻷǲ˰ɡ
ѾҪ𣿡
ɹҪġһҪģĸڡҪĵһȽǳĺ·̺ã类ҲȱһΪ۵飬٣̫·
޵е˵ͷʵ£ĩȥʲôط˵ڵƬУֻһ𣡡
Ѿʧȥ˲֮ģ񷶦άֲ̫ãԣҪ¾ڤ֮ٶȴʱУ磬񷶦ĲҲڴ֮ľһʽ֮У˼лԵ֮⣬ˣǵòġȻǼлԵߣҲܳưһʱˣά̫ãֱ񷶦ҵ֮ģŻȶңȻ֮ĻתΪ۵ʲʲôʲôֶΣǶ᲻ȥġ
޵ǳʦһģ˵ܶ෽ʦͬҪɾõĴҵǾͱҪдֻҪʱٴγɾһĳ޵üͷһ¡
⣬ڱս֮ĸһ𣬻ΪһѪĳҳԱڡ۸ĸʿҲܱʿѪʱĸͬһУͬʱ֡ʿ򣬾㵽ʱĻٴΣҲܹӦġ
ʦѾȫ̵ļƻƺˣⳡƻʱΪꡣɺܶ飬Ǽƻϲϱ仯ģʦҲ벻ʾս֮ƽʿѪδˣͬʱڰƻͳһʦʶвʿʿһֲɺϵɺ£ʦһΪѪ˻ҳԱڣһУھսǸʱ򣬳޵жŻ֮δʶΪޣδƿһУЩ޵вǲֹⲻֹģڣԶչȥ
ǺãȻ¶Ѿˣĩ̾ȥš
һ¡
»ʲôԸ
޵УҪס۵һϵаţΪҪģǵȴУ³ç£֪һǱߣӲ֪۵ļƻ
ĩףٿۣ࣬Ҳסġ
Ҫһ㡣֮ĵתҳΨһϣԣ֮󣬲̫˳㣬ӦΪģĻ䣬ܾ紵򡣡
ǱǲҲˣ
ڲ֮ĳ֮󣬲ڱ۵ߣҪһضļ໷³ɳǸһҵͯ꣬һӶȴͯ꣬ŻϧԺʲôƽѹͳͳҪϣֻҪ¼ʮ꣬ܰص۵ˣʱҲɳʱǿ֮·Ŀʼ
޵ʮΪ۷ĳǿߣɳʦȴҪӷʮ֮ʼǿ֮·Ҳ̫ƽ˰ɡ
ͬʱӷףԼʮĹ¶һʮ꣬˿ʮ꣬һеһУȻԼȣԼ׵ǰŵģ
·ģ˵ĥˣĩֶΣġĩһδĹʮڣ˰ʮ궼ᾭʹ࣬ȥƽͯ꿪ʼĥ־ҲǳΪǿ߱뾭һ·
ʦ޵еĻӰʧӷһûӦӦʱȴѾ̫ˣˣȫˣŵʾ¼ҲΪֹˡ
һ¡
ӷ绹мûõˣ˵߾ѽ
°벿ľĵ伮ģǰʾ¼˵ģ֮Ѫ֮֮֮꣬ʲô˼׾ôܱˣ


1761 ׼۰Ծ
ڳʦ޵ʧ֮󣬳ӷ粢ûΪԼһ˵żͬʱҲ뵽˰׾ãð׾úǸжӷҲΪ顣
ŮˣǶôǿŮˣܸһޣж󣬱󣬶Ҫһ˸ϵ֧֡ɰ׾Ҳףӷˣǲ׶һŮ˶ģʦղ˵ĺǸ֣ɲ˴£еһУֻǿӷ֮ĵתˡԣ׾þٶ飬飬Ҳֻµӷưһܱ֮¶ΪǸʱҲǰ׾ùʱˣ׾ñǵʮĻΪػġ
ɳӷȻǴӦ˰׾õ飬һҪ쵽ܳʦ޵ѾʧֱӾͳ޹޹ڴ󺰴ţгʦ޵п½ߡ
Ѿ˵ˣѵͲܰһж𣡾ĵ伮°벿أ׾ôܡ
ɲȳӷ˵꣬׾ڳӷ˵ˡ
ʲô
һжѾҪˡ
㲻һֱһǰѵʹ𣿡
죬˵ոգҲڵֵˣѾ׷ĿˣֻҪܰɾʹҵؽϹųҵʹҲˡ
ĹƨʹҳӷҪ飬ͲҪŮˡҴӦ㣬һġȻǸˣ˵Ļ¹ĳŵǻġ
ڣѵ𣿡
ף
ʲôӷֻ֪Լߵܵ˿˺ǰ˵ģɳӷȴûѾ㹻ʵˣѵҪԼߵΪԼ쵣Ĳɡ
ģһ˵ġȥ֮ҾͻɱϷɽȡ·ƶϵͷͳһ磬ٴɱػǸʱҲҳӷ磬ʽսʱ򡣡
㻹ûҵ˼ҵ˼˵κ˶Ҫһ׾ʲô
ҵһҲһ
ӷ磬ɸղѾȸ޵˵һˣڣеһУҲ֪ˡϹĳǿߣǰ½Ϊѽ
ʲô
׾ôһ˵ӷ˶һ㶡
ΪҶģⶼʲôʲôѽ
ʱ֮ӵŲ񷶦Ϊصĺռǳʦȴڣ񷶦ˣƴģ˲֮ġ֮󣬳ʦΪ˲֮ĳɹתΪҺͬʱҲϹ类һ롣һеһУΪѽΪĳ֣˶ˣЩȥˣЩˣΪʲôΪ˵ȴĳ֡£ֻΪǵˣţǵľڣǵ־ĳһ㣬λ̫ӣ
ӷ侲ʱ˿̣ӷеʮֲ
û׾˵һ㶼ûΪԼΪԼܳɹת˶ˣǹ޷ȥּġɵڣԼȴʲôûΪûǱߣһδʹԼûл֮ӷһξãԼôûãȳʦһеϣԼϣԼȴûгɹ
ӷ绹治ʦ䣬Ϊһ仰ԼʮĿ࣬ʮļʹ࣬Щʹ࣬Ϲʲôأ
ǲ֮ĵתȴ޾Ϊʥ۷嶼δͻơ
ҲҪԷƱȻʦŶӦóƹ˰ţǱƻڵĹ֮ϡԼҲҪŲ񷶦Ϊǲ񷶦񷶦㡣
˵û°벿ľĵ伮ҸͿƲסʿҲսʤ˽δ
׾õɫĬųӷС
ʲô
˵°벿ľĵ伮С
Уأֻϰ벿ѣ
׾̾˿Цһ˵Ѱôķû뵽һֱԼϣ㲻һַأ
ӷ绹ûװ׾⻰ʲô˼Ҫʣ׾˵׵ľĵ伮ǵʮ
ӷĿŰ׾ãһ仰Ҳ˵
˺ܾãӷʵ˵ʮǾĵ伮
ûǰŰʵֻǴ򿪾ĵ伮Կ׶ѡǵʮĻҲǾĵ伮°벿Ļˣҵ壬ǲȱȫģˣȴԣޣȴԣҳɾ϶쾳硣
ʵܶ飬׾ͶƵģֻ֮ͬںӾްҹǰʾ¼в˵ģ׾ȴڳӷ統ʱǰ׵ʱ˵ˣϹʱڵĴڣȴ֪ŴϹܶ飬Ҳ;߱ġ⣬׾ͬʱǰ֮ǵߣ˵ЩɺϵĻǶɺϾۼһ𣬾Ϊˡ
ʵҸͲܱģ֮뷨ǹŵģһ𣬽ڵصµϹĵ伮ʵصʱѾˣ
׵ľĵ伮ӷ粻Դҵʿķʿռȫ棬ҪܽδͲǼˡ
ڣӷҪģǽƶϸϹųͽҲˣʱˡ
ܲܰһæ
ҪҺħ壬ɱɽ۰Դ½
û
׾úȶ˫ȭһ°׾


1762 ۶
ǵĴѾ˳ȹ˸ʴȫۼţޣ֮⣬ûκֱӴڵģϾû֪ڵû֪ӷǲǻС
Ѿǵһ˫ϣϻԶԶ۶˴ģڣ۶Ǳһʮͳ죬ϣȻûǰƣʿҲûס
ȫ
һ£Ҫģȥҳӷ磬Ҳǳųӷ磬һµġ˵ˣһ׾øӷһ𣬾͸ûʲôˣǷƶƴǹƻе㼬֣ҪȫڴǰǸһ
ʱ򣬾壬ҲѾͶ˳ߣ۶˱Ľڽڰˣ˵ǵĻѾƿסȫֻ֣Ҫ֮һ仰۶Ǿûġ
˵ȾƣƶǳѾܵûӰˣֻϺ˵ǾԲܵģҲ֪ĴȥӷԳư½ΨһܱסģֻзɽˣȻҪȥѰ󱣻
Ƕûȥںƶǳǰߣʱѵʲô˲ɡ
һ£ȫеıϳӷЩȫ˳ڿڣͳͳ׼˵۶˴Ǳߡ
ʮ˼˫ΪޣΪĵƣǱߵʿ磬Լ۶ߣȴһη壬Ѿ޷ˡ
ˣ군ˡ
۶˴кܶʿѾڸʴۿԼսѣԼֵܵﱻʴ龰ʹÿһ˵飬ܵ˼ΪصĴη塣
ɷ۳ǱߣԽսԽ£ûпǱ˵ʴеġȻⲢûУѾư֮ս֮սУģսˣˣˣԼˣһᣬӲȥ࿴һֻۣҪסˣĳˣеǵͷ­Ǳˡ
˫ľԣ򶼲Ҫٴˣ۶û򣬳ǷʿԽԽǣʤҲֻգ֮ˡ
ھͰս֮߼Щʿֱɱ˼Ҵ𵽣˺նһ£ʿֱɢ
ͬʱ֮ԴγɵڵɱԼµʿһʱ֮䣬۶ˣͳΪһɢɳû˿οˣҲġ
ҾѾ˰ţޡ
ҾѾо˵۶ǷΧ֮ڡ
ǲҪ׷ɱȥ
׷ֱӽ۶Ǹˡ
ˣǵǿߣǿߣǿߣħǿߣվǰߣҪ֣ʼչɱ¾ˣЩˣȻվǰġ
ɱ۶ǡ
ȫѾۼ˵۶ǵĳ֮⣬ķţѾȫΧ
ϽճšļһȻǷΪʤˡ
ߵȫ˻˵۶ǣ뼸ǰǻ۶׷ɱڣûĹִ˻ΣɲǱ׷ɱˣǷ׷ɱ
ٲֵĻǿɾ͡
졣ȫҵָӸҽķſˣ

˵
ǣħ壬壬ķѾʼΪ棬ǵĳˡ
֮ǰ۶ǵʮųʮ֮սӷһڣƣѾˡ
ӣ۶Ǳסˣ
ϴ죬һεǶġ
ҵģΪ

ַʲô£ѵоô͹˳ţ
ǵġǵڱǽϣ
ѵǸ׻ˣ
ͳˣ
ʲô
ʱ̣ۿ۶ǶزסˣԼܣֻҪӻطɽȥǾͰȫˡû뵽ӷ磬ȻʱͻȻ֣
֮Уһһףٳ۶Ƿ
˸ҪӲ۶ǣͻֵ⣬˵ǹӻˣ
ûǹӣħŮ
ӷ׾ڵ۶ǵϿֹͣ˷С
ӷһȫ¡
һ仰˷԰ǧء
ǣħ壬壬ķͳͳ˳ǧס
ڣʰо֡һ֮˵۶ǡ
һ֮۶
ӷ˫һӣͻ־ŵͬɫĹâ
Űͬʱ˳ӷΧңųӷһ˹ŰֱΪŸ򣬳۶ȥ
˵۶ǣ
׾֪ӷҪԾŴֱӽӴĳǳأ½һиˣŴԻһ۶ǡ
á
ɳеˣҲǿԳΪġ
һ۶ǣĵ۶ǡһǵˣǧǧˡ
׾ףΪʲôʦѡӷˣֶεȷǿӲҲɱʱ򣬲ϰˣǸճӤͳͳɱ⣬κεĺ󻼡
նݲ紵ɱ


1763 ع鵹ʱ
۶ĴȫƣųǵĻξٴ׾ôħžĸֱɱ˽ȥ
ΪӷѾ´Ƴź󣬲ҪֻҪɱ¾Ҫȫȫɱ⣬Ȯʹźƽľ壬òհ죡֪ľǴ½Ѿڳӷһ˵ˣճӷ£ֶΣɾԲ֮ѽʱ۶ǣǰ֮
ɱ¾нУɱ¾һֹͣһս磬Ҳǽ˳ڵĺƽɣⲻǾڴ𣡿Ҫƽɱ¾ȴȾɱ¾ֹսֹǲʲôطκεĺƽ
ӷվ˵۶ǵ߶ˣһһȺȺ˵ȥ۶ǣѾѪɺˣ˵ЩͳͳնɱģʱѾκˡÿһ̤һѪӡ۶Ƿ԰İ֮ڣŵһɷǳŨҵѪζ
ϹʱڣͳһڤʱͬõַΨһͬǣҵʱȣǴȣѵʱ䣬ǳӷʮӷ磬̶һ֮ڣѾԽ棡
һףԼ˵ĵ£ӷûգһ۾Ϊ飬ӷҲǵһˣڵʱ򣬾üǣϣĴС
ڵɱҽѾԽԽ٣˵ˣѾɱĲˣֱɱҽеȫֹͣӷ֪һУѾɶˣ٣ߵ飬Ѿɶˡ
ʮ⣬ӵ۶ǵĳһϣֻ˽һ·׷ɱ
׷ˡ
ʮ⣬ʮ̫ӷҲϵǻܣܾܰɣܵ˺ܲһᣬǰΪһ¡
ӣ۶ǣʣʮˣΪʲôһȫɱ⣿
ͷӷʵ
ǣãڻɱǵʱ򡣵ʱҵûУ
ӣƵģӰҲû
ѾͷҲˡξٴ
ŶұΪͶңû뵽ܻطɽȥˡ
ɽӣڴѶʣµģֻзɽˡƶ̫ǿ¾£вǵġ
ǵвҲв
䣬ӷ緢һͻҵɽλãΧס÷ɽ˿ƶ죬Ƿɽϵһ졣
ֱӷ˳ȥӷ˵ʲôͻӣһҲ֪
ʵڣӷ綼֪ȫľصľǼһ֪Ҫʲô
ȫ
ǣӡ
˳۶ǣҪԾŴиˡӽ󣬲ӵе۶ǣҲӵоųǣӲڸΪֻһңϹųʽָȡ
ĩݼι
ɣڻҳƵ۵ʱ򣬱Ҫɱƶϡ
׾ʵ׼𣿡
ţڣҴˣҵߣȥķⰲŵǻڵһʱ䣬ҵɽλõġ
죬أ
һһҪ죬ңҪ
׾ҲûжʣֱӴڻһڹ⣬˵ڵѾ޵иıɺڰԪˡ
ûϵֻҪС
ӷ԰׾õŴǰһԲξ棬ͬʱ׾Ҳˣӷ緢ķȥĿĵأɽ
ӷվԭأ˫۽գ˫ִһӡ涴
ڳӷǰͻȻһ涴涴ûоǱߵĳ涴Ҳ޷һ˴ԽȥȴǿԴȥġ
У˵龰ӷ翴һĸ¥ãǵĻЦǸǰһڵ֮飬Ǻһ㶼֪
ůѬֱѺݡ򶼻ıԵɵϵˣȴһ㶼֪
⣬תϺұ
ڳұУˣȫۼڴˣǸոտᡣ
ˣںĴûи֮ǰǰҵĽɴҲ̫ˣҸоĴԽԽˣԣǱʱս׼ҲҪǵĴ֮ڣѶðɡ
ƴţˬŹùѽֲǣɴ͸ƴ˰ɣ
˵񣬲Ӧ˵Ů˵ȫ˻ƴţ
ңҴ˻ô
ڵĻƴţȻѧϴѵѽӣ£ĥһ˵ģǰĻƴţĻںκѽ

ţһǱȽϲǰԸԶϴģһϴҲ̫ϰߡ
ȥȥȥĴȥʲôȻҡ
ƴţͻǳϤȻתԼ󣬾ȻһĻӰӰǳӷ硣
ۿҲѽ
ǰƿƴţ˵żأӷ磬ܴ򿪴Ϳռˣ
Źùãû뵽ôּ˰ɣ
ӷ磬𣿡
ǼŮ˺˷ܣ˷ܵȴʱΪǲûиоӷĴڸУҲ˵ӷ籾ûл
ܲܲѽһǴˣȻ޵ģˣθϵҿҪĺܴģͳ˵ɡ
һӵʱ䣬ӷԼҪ˵Ļ˵ˡ
ʵ˵Ǹ磬Ѿˣ
ûŹùãΪ̫ӣģǵһ˵ɡһЩΪĵҩھʹ͹ȥ㰴ôҳ£ȡ̵ʱڣΪ׶ΣΪһ֮󣬾δս֮ʱ
ӷ磬㻹Ҫòܻʵ
ӷ練ʵʲôʱ䣿
ڸҹϰ˵㡣
ãʮ죬ٸʮʱ䣬ٵʮʱ䡣ҳӷ籣֤ʮ֮ʱ򣬶Ҽ棬ļ档
ʮ죬ӷ绹ʮ죬ҪعˣǴ½ǿߣɱػˡ
һʱʮĵʱǶԣȴҪʮ껹Ҫѵȡ


1764 Խ۷ǿ
ľλڵ۶ǲԶɽͷ֮ϣŵ۶ΧľŰգۼֱӴƲ㣬ҾŰͬһʱ䣬ǰƶһƶֱӾͽ۶ǸΪƽء
ǿҵĵ𣬽Χɽͳͳ𶯣ϹĹżݻˣȫǵˣɱ¾Уܵʮ̫֮⣬ûκ˴
磬Ѿ˶֣ӷ缴Ϲųˣ
ľɭ񣬸Ǳ飬û˿ĳﵽЩʲôԴӵһ۸ӷ綷ֱڣľضǰߣһһŵ㣬Ͳ֪ʲô䣬һλеڶΣΣֻҪҧųӷ粻š
쵰ҳȥ
ľص䣬һ͸СƿڣˣһһȻ
ôôġ٣ӷĵʱҲкӹ
ļ̌ͷȥ۶Ǳˣӷۼ˾ŴӣѾõϹųжƶϣѾڻˣ
ֻҪƶһǳӷһ̴ɱػȡԭҵ¡
ʱˣҲûȥˡû뵽򲻴ȥҸӷսڵ򣡡
ˣľصؿȻһʹһѪˣˣҲȣ˵ϡ
εʧ治һĴѽ
ľַȥǱߵѪƿУʵ֪ΪʲôҲ𣿡
㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪڱģ
ʲôˣ㲻Ҫ֪֮ԲɱˣΪŸͬȾ
˵ʲô
ûһȾûһضĻʣܵ϶ľʵһؼ֮Դģֻûĸµģ㣬ȴڻԵɺҵһĸ壬㣬ҪĶ࣬ΪŻ߳һ𡣡
һ㶣ԼȻһѵƶҲǿԼ㣬ԼΪͽΪʲôЩƶϴûأ
ֻϺꡣ
һƿȻЦ
ӣѾˡ
ѹֻϺѾͷû뵽Ȼһ֮ӡҪѾͷʱǣңֻϺûϵİɡ
ƿȫȡˣڸûܵĻᡣ
Ҳףô֪һеģô֪ѾͷҲ֮ӵģ
֮ӣЦΪҸ㣬֮ˣǲᱻģͺñȷƶϡǵ걳˳Ͷ򣬿󣬻ûʸ򣬳ˣ򣬲Ϊһôľ磬ǲܽģΪǸռ䣬ô򵥡
ľؾȻ˵֮ӣһϵûУôܣǿԸȡϵѽ
˵Ҳ֮ӣΪʲôܡ
ϵΪЩʶϵģҲ̫˰ɡ
ǡ
ָо㡭
˵ϻˣҲɱǣڻɱǣдô
ľؽƿһգĸϻˣԵ۶Ƿ򣬿Żеĳӷ磬ӣ֮ϷûнһȻصڵ㣬ͿʱҼ֤һսȻǰǣҪʸ
ľתȥֱӳ˾Ǵ½
ӷһ䣬Ȼתһϡ
ļһֱˡľأصڵǰɣǺãҲ̫õģǾɣ˭Ĺ˭
ɽͨĴɽѾһǿס⣬ڷƶϵģãӷ֧ͻӣ˵ɽ̶һطƶ
ɽϣƶѾʮ̫Ҳ˹
ϣ۶Ѿӷ˸⣬ʮˣòױסڣҲѾӰ
ƶڱ֮ϣʮ̫
ƽʱʮһûʸƶϣѾȫͬˣӷѾɱ˷ɽ£ʱṥɽ
ʧٵʧ١ӷСӣѾռ˾ơҲ֪ϹŻʹûеõĵ伮õˣǾϷˣδĶ֡
磬ΪΣҪ򷢳Ѷˡ
ϵ˵ͷ˵ֻˡܣ׼ʽ
Լһʱ䣬ӷȫۼ˷ɽ£׾ʱӷȫھǴ½ʥɽǳӷͳһϰֻҪƶϸˣеһУڳӷģϹų֡
ŮӻûǲҪȴɽȥʵ
ʱδɽ󷨣ǿʱ򣬵󷨵ٴȥ
Ҫȵʲôʱ򣿡
ƻʮ֣֮ʱǷɽʱ򡣡
ʱĳӷѾڸɽ·ˣڼɽʱӷͣ
̧ͷȥͨƲ㣬档
ֻУһ޴ĻǴ½߳ǻУӷҲѾоˣǻž޴֮ԶóӷһηУѾһ޷ĵز
ˡԽ۷ҿҪúðסεĻᣬ̽һ۷֮ϣһôľ磡


1765 նɱ1
ӷڷɽԶߣҲķ֮š
֮ǰʮûаħڵģҲɵѽֻ֪һֶΣûҪħȫȥ
񣬰׾ѾȫӷվһĴͳͳħҲûʲôõĵˣڰ׾һ£ħ壬ȫۼ
Ҫ֪ľǴ½ħ壬ΪӴһȺռ˴½ڵʮ֮ߣħ֧ӴľӣӷıȻǳԽ֮ǰʮ֮࣬ҪΧסһɽ´࣡
ӣһж׼ˣֻһ£ɱɽȥƶϵͷȡ
⻰ڹʿģԼҲҪɱƶϣ˵ʮټʮ̫ܣ۷徳磬е񻰴˵ôɱĻǻʲô񻰣ʲô˵
ڣԼߣͬһ۷徳İ׾ãټϳӷ޾ֶΣʥ۷ľͿɱϵ쾳ĳǿߣ֣ƶҲܣټϴΧ£ɽսǳӷͳһǴ½һս
飬ô򵥣ֻǷƶϣӷѾõȫ׵ľĵ伮ټϾŴ񷶦Ҫɱǣ練Ƶ飡ղӦ½һᷢôıӷͲҿ϶ˡ
ɽϵ󷨣Ҫƣ
ǰشӣģɽϵֻǷ͵ģû˿ͬŮղ˵ֻҪȵ֮ʱ󷨵ʱʱҲɱɽʱ
ӷе㲻ĵĵ˵ͷЩ£˵һ˵ƾӰʿ
ȣʱ⣬ﳤգøҹһ¡
ӷ֪ﳤǺӾްҹںӾްҹ飬֪ȨӷҲ㽫ϹŹʦ볤޵֮ǶζԻ߳ﳤáڸ֮ǰӷҲԼԼ
֮ǰѾ˵һкӾްҹˡ˵˵ˣʲô
ﳤʮ໥һۣٿӷʱﳤֱӹ˵̫ӣµĴǸ˵飬Ϊǳѵﲻǹȳ֮¾͡
ǲΪǳ棬ѺӾްҹͽǳĳ裬ԣǲŲ˵ģ
ﳤպǲĵ˵ͷ
ȷĴڣǵǳѣ˵̰֮ĻЩ˵ȷһֳ裬ǲҲǺġ

ӷ̾˿˵Щ£ǲ˼˵ĿӾްҹôһˡˣҲҪΪϹʱڵˣ˵Ǹ治ǸöȴʧǷ˹֮ȥȥˡ
ʲôǷʧģ
û
ӷ罫ڻʹһУȫ˳ﳤá
ӷĽ֮󣬳ﳤ˵ԭǳô޵ȣǺԲסѽ
ڲ˵Щ飬ǻ취ܲҵɡ֮ǰ׾ý۷徳磬Ҳܵ˺ҩ̺ȻҲ̫ϲǼһҴ鷳ˣϾԼˣҲܼȡ
ӷôһ˵׾õǿʼˡ
㲻֪˭
׾ôһʣӷ絹ǲ˵ԴһתƣɵڣҲֻĻӰûı𡣡
ôܣ
׾÷·֪ЩʲôҪ˵ϸһ˼ѽ˵ӾްҹǸӷͼģӷ粻֪ܲѽʱ򣬺ӾްҹҲûɻѽ
ѵʲô飬ĺӾްҹʱܸӷ
׾֪ʱ򣬲˵Ӿްҹʲôˣıʲôˣƻ˺Ӿްҹļƻ
˵ʲô
ŶûûʲôˣҿʱҲˣ׼һ°ɣɽˡ
ӷɽϵҲûȥ׾øղǻл˵ֱɽ룬·ϣֹܻˣȫۼ֮ȥ
ڷ֮Ĺſڣʮ̫Ѿȴųӷɱˡ
ϴΣǿ鷳ˡ
ײ֪䣬Ҳ֪ǲ䣬ˡ
пܡΪ⼸ÿһΣǿߣʤߣڷɽϵΪϵĸߵͣ¥߳һȡ񣬺ھȫӷɱҲڳӷ֣֮ܲη˳ӷҲǺġ
һļһǻΪʧ٣ȶϽӷˣʱɽЩˣΪĴڣ¥Щ³ơ
ԭʮɽǱĿĵģģʵ̫ˡ

ʱ򣬳ӷĴЦ
½¥ûǸˡ
ˣӷɱɽˡ
ڣӰֱӳ˳ƶѾսףֱֳҪӷ濪սˡ
ӷ磬㻹ҷɽȻˣǾͰ°ɡ
ǰ磬㹻ʸ˵仰ɽʱͬˣνǰˣǰ˱ضҪɳ̲ϡ죬Ҿʹҳ棬ͽ׼ȡ˭ҲȲǡ
治СǸȳʦһӷ磬ۼ˾ŴôϷѾϵϾͻǿ߹ǿߣЩǿߵǰ϶硣ʶģڴأҲʹߵʱԶ֡
ʹߣߺߣȵľ֮ǰնͽ˵


1766 նɱ2
ڷƴǰһ޴ƽ̨Χûκεˣһƽ̨ķΧ֮ڣ£ңΧһɼҲ˵ʲôһƬҶƮƽ̨֮⣬ΪĹϵһʯͷ׹䣬κԴߣ֮£޷еģֻҪƽ̨ɾ·һ
ƽ̨ǺܴҲٶƽѣȴһǴһɽͨƽ̨ģҲ˵ҪƴֻҪһ·ˣ˽ɽߣͨͻΪĹϵ׹ȥȫʬ
ӷƶϣͨԻģڵĳӷһɽ֮ϣҲϷƴΨһһ·ƶϣ͸ʮ̫ƽ̨ϡ
ʮ̫ǳӷţҪԸģû뵽֪٣ʮ̫ͷڶԸƶˡ
ƶ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣļǵħܶԸɾͲһҲܶԸƶϣԣӷûнնɱƶϵϣʮ̫еϣˣҲֻһʱѣڷƶϷɱ֮ǰסӷлɱİա
ǰ˵ӣΧһ޷
ӷ˵ͷ˵пռҲ֪ϼһôġɺԣǲͨˣһСģȫʬ
ǹӣڸô죿
ˣȫ׾һ˸ȥͿˡ
ʲô˵Ըƶϣ
ɣ
²ҡֻ̫ΣˡϾǷɽǶһ㶼˽⣬ƶǱ߻еǣ¹ӻǵȦס
ΪΣգҲŲðգǺò׽ȫɽ
˶٣ӷ˵Ƿģ׾Ѿ۷徳ˣңϲģɡ
ҪնɱƶϣӷȻаˣ㵱ҵľĵ伮ǼٵѽͽնɱˣǻƨáǣҪԾĵ伮ȥնɱƶϣӷ绹ҪȫĴģϾĵ伮ûùҲ֪׾ܲΪҪĹͷ仯°벿ľĵ伮Լϰ벿Ϊһ壬еĻ鷳ʹˡ
鶼ѾչӣǿߣҲѾڸ·ˣ˸ϵ֮ǰƶϸնɱʲôʹߵ۷壬һǳԽ۷ĴڣδĴڣӷһնûС
ȻӷҲηļһ෴ӷ绹ڻػ֮ǰһЩԽ۷徳ǿߣԽ۷֮󣬵һôĴڣܽǼʹ߸µĻӷҲԴĿ֪۷֮ϵܡ
ˣһСսѣҪ̫š
СսȷСս˵˫һһǿߣǿߣҲֻգ֮ˡ
׾ãΣ֣ҪֿԸһϡ
š
׾øӷͬʱϡ
ƶҲʱ˽ΧȫۼһĶĴоޱǿѹѹȫֱӡ
ڣȫûжϷɽȫĻʮɽҲɲѽ
¡
ӷ磬ɡ
ƶȫӷ׾һһ£ӷվ֮ϣ׾ʱһų˹ȥһֻţųӷļ֧ƽ⣬ͬģƶϵƣӷûʲô𣬾һ򣬸û취

󣬽ʱ֮䣬ǧ㣬ҿٵҡվϵĳӷ磬޷ȫסӣƶϣȴ֮վķǳ֮ȡ
סطһѾ꣬ȻҪǸյȵĶࡣֻҪӦֻӦþûʲôˡ
ν棬ӷʮ֮ǿϹŹʦҪЧóӷ籥ʹʮأżʹʮ꣬Ҫĳ־
ӷ罫ȫͬʱ˽ŵ£ԴȶԼ塣
һĹ򣬳ӷѾվĺˣҲʹİ׾øõĽֶηӳ
ƶϣͽǵڡ
ͽ
ƶ֪Ȼӷ׾ýϹŻʹǶϹʱڵ飬Ӧö֪һ㣬԰׾ϹһԱƵģԵĺա
ѲѣûʲôϵһСɫһСƾʲô˵
Сͽ֪ҵݡ
䣬׾õΧ˾ŵͬɫĹââɣɽ

ƶû뵽׾ãȻԻŴͲѽ˵ǳӷܻǺϾϹųҺᣬ˵ǾŴ֮ܼԦŴǺġ
ɰ׾أʲôǣһֻССħޣǱӲ۷徳磬ҲܿƵ˾Ŵѽ
ƶôҲ벻׾ãǾŴ壬ʮڵʮ飬ƶҲһ֪֮ǰϹŻʹҪĶǶвĶɾǵʮҲ׵ľĵ伮ˡ
ӷļȻһڣȥ

׾ñӷһˣƽ̨Ǳ߷˹ȥ漴һɫ˿Ӱ׾õгӷȥӷһѽץס˿ֱӱ׾øƽ̨


1767 ı
ʮ̫ӷѾƽ̨ƶϷϣ˫ֱӾͻһλãʮ̫¾ţƶ϶޷һɱ֮ˣʮĻǶ֣ΨһĻ·жͿ죬ɲÿζŽҵһӷץסǵʮ̫ʶġ
ˡ
׾ôһ󺰾Ȼ˺ĽкֱӾͽʮ̫ĶĤƣʮˣȫ˵ϡ
ӷ׾Ҫɱʮֹ̫ǵаš
䣬ӷ絥һӣ˷ƶϻϣõĻᡣ
ļҵĵħʱҲʱˣǱµħģӷֱӾͽʮȫƶǱ˹ȥ
ͣ㲻ĺ
Ϊ˷ƶǱߣֻҪվ˽žͻû£ϣʮҪӽƶϵһ̣ͻһʹ֮ͷñƵģ˵ȫɫĹâЩɫĹâܱһĶֱӴȾ˿ʹ⼸̫ͬһʱ䣬ȫо綾
ƶϼһĻ֪ʲô£
ħӷ磬ȻݶֶҩҲ
ļһ˵ݶӷȷݵģɱʲô˶Ź
Ƶħ飬ӷǾԲģΪΪǺݶˣֱ顣
ħȫɢһƶϣͻȻ¡һĸֲµħ̫ȫ屬ը
ƶ֪ħȻ֪ħʲôˣΪӷҪֲ˵ħ̫ǿнԼ˵ģϣӷֱӾʡһȫը˿
ΧǿּǿҵıըͬʱըҲ⼸̫ȫʬ
ƶϱ֮ĳһʱ޷ȥԸӷ磬ҪվȽŲУΧ۷徳ĳǿߣҲǳܲסģ޷·еģ׹ȥ·һ
ڡ
ӷǰƶֱӾվ֮ߣķƶϡ
׾ľŰȫ˰֮УӷûתͷһۣȽǿѪסƽ̨ϵķƶڡ
׾ãڣ

ڷƶϿӷҪ׾ñԭΣҲı𣬾βЭɷƶôҲ벻ӷȻʱ򣬻ĵ伮
Ѫ⣬ʱӳӷڱһ޴鼮˳ӷǰ鼮Ա绹Ҫٶȣ˰оŴмλá
ͬʱ׾õ壬Ҳ˱仯û˿ɵģ仯Ϊһӷ绽ͬ顣
һĻ÷ƶϴ󾪲ԣǱΪ׾ǾβĻû뵽ڰ׾仯ģȻǾβħޣǡ
ġ°벿伮
ļһôΪʲô׾ûɾĵ伮°벿ѵ׾øͲħ޻ǡ
磬ԭ׾þǾĵ伮°벿ǵʮĻ
ѹԺŴˣʦⲽ尲ŵģѽܣô࣬ӷõ׵ľĵ伮Ͳ֪ôʹáȡĵ伮
ã
ϲģΪҪԾĵ伮ԸĻ̫Цˡ
׵ľĵ伮ѾΪһ壬ͬʱŴҲһĽϣ󣬾ŴȻһԿףһѽɫԿףھĵ伮֮ϣʹһԿ׿ףԿףֱӲԿ׿С
ãĵ伮Ҫˡ
ƶ¿ɾˣ֪ĵ伮ģԼ۷ľ磬Ҳֵܵסĵ伮ǳӷ֪ôȥʹþĵ伮Ծĵ伮еһЩ
ʱ򣬲Ƿƶϻǳӷ磬Ѿû·ˣ

ֻһǿҵķĵ伮֮У˿ʱ֮䣬Ϳʼؼ֮Դ
Ҫӳĵ伮Ǿͱ㹻֮ԴɽѾϷ֮ԴͲܽ
ϴЦ֮ǰ׼֪ӷ֮ܲԴҲ֪ӷǸǿֻ޷֮ԴǾĵ伮ҲƵġ
ӷ⣬֮Դ𣬾ûУԼĴѵˡ
ϼһ̫˰ɡ񷶦
⣬ӳӷüƶɵ۵Ŀųӷ硣
񷶦ҲǴֻأȳʵģҲ֪ôᵽ˳ӷС
ɣĵ伮úһٰɣ޾֮Դԡ
ӷüĽ⣬ֱӾ˰еľĵ伮֮ϣҲڴ֮Դ
ֻĵ伮ɢĹâǿ󣬾ĵ伮״򿪣һѪ⣬ӷüĴĽγһֱӣѪ⣬ֱӽѹˣѪͨӷüģֱӹ˲񷶦
ô£
ӷ粻֪ôߵģ֮Դĵ伮ȴˣĵ伮ʼ񷶦ˡ
ǣʦ
ƶ϶ܸоĵ伮е֮ǿ󣬳ϹŹʦ֮⣬κˣӵд˵
ӷûȥƶ˵ĻҲܲ˭ˣΪ񷶦Ȼڿʼ仯
Ȼĺ¡񷶦ٱ仯ˣ
ı俪ʼˣһԵ𣬶⣬ıưԣڣ񷶦ڷŵĲı仯
ɣı䡣
ãǲ䣬ǰͼйı仯ܣһҪʼˡ
˴˵ܲ
ܣŶûУ۷壬첻ǸˣһԲԼˡʮħͳͳҳ
ʮħշųʱͽƶϸΧסˣɾʱеƣȫһǿɢֻһ޴Ļ⣬ո˻ɫһ޴Ļ򣬴Ʋ֮ϣɽ߳
Сݵ÷
ʹߣڵˣ


1768 
ļһǳˣ֣˵ʵӷ绹û̫İȥԸδ͸˵ˣϾǹطӷһ㶼˽⡣
ܽʹ߸ˣͿԴĿУ֪һУȻΪҪǣ۷֮ϣһôĴڡ
ոյʹ˵չֳ˵ȻΪѾ۷֮ˣһʹ߾ܳԽ۷ľ磬Ҳ˵ȫ۷֮ϵĴڡ
뵱۷壬ҲѾƬе񻰴ˣҲƬѣҪ֪һ͵Ŀռ䣬ƬȫͬҪ򵹣⽫һԶĵ·
µݳӷ룬ƶϻûи㶨ʹѾǿĻ߱˻Ǵ½һҪӲĻӷڴֲ֮£޷ȥֹ
ڣа׾ã׵ľĵ伮ĵ伮Ѿȫ򿪣ȻųʦӷҲǿĲ񷶦˵ı䣬ıưԣ񷶦ǿ˺üͬʱУһԪ˵֮УڣԪһΪħѾӷ绽ʮˣոսԪٻΪħͬӷ˳
ڣӷѾ˿ıˣ뽫еĵƣȫóеֶΣȫʹ
߿
ӷһ£ʼӷƶ
ͬʱӷһӣãҳ
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ʹߣСӾǳʦѾõȫ׵ľĵ伮Ҫδܿƾĵ伮֮ǰɱȻġ
ƶһһĴڣЩһЩν֮ʲôǡ
£ֲ̡
νָ֮ʲôƬеסǣƬ棬Ͳκιϵֻ߰ˣԳΪ֮Ҳ˵ѾƬˣ飬ǰԴڣϾϹˣ񣬳ӷ粻ٴˣֻ֮֮ԼԼҪƬ񣬻ҪưԳʦ˵ռ䣬ռ䣬ֻſӭظ׳ۡ
ߣСɫѣȻܵǵĵ̽Ҿ޻ء
С浱Ѿˣѵһ뷭̲ɣ
Ҿ֪ʲôǿߡ
ӷ󲻵ǳøͬʱ񷶦ʵ壬ӷ˳ڳӷϷ
Գӷõ񷶦ֻ֮һʵ壬ǵڶΣΣĻӷǲὫ񷶦ʵ廽ġ
νĲ񷶦ʵ壬Ҳǲ֮ǺӾްҹǰݵʾ¼˵Ĳ֮߱һԽ۷ĳǿߣҲǵֵסİɡ
ʹ߱ûһʥ۷徳ĳӷģžĵ伮Ҳ⡣ɵʹ߼ӷĲ񷶦֮Ϳʼ仯ˡ
ֻأȻʵʧĴֻأСӣȻǸ
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Ϸľĵ伮ʼжǿѪ⣬ֱӾѹס˷ƶϡ
á
ļһܡ
Сӣˣ˵ɱɱġֻؽɡ
ħҵס
Ԫľħֱӳʹ߳ȥʮħѾƶϸס
õĻᣬӷ̽еȫͷ˳ƶסצùצץɾǿ󣬳ӷ綼Ѿ񷶦ʵ廽˳оĵ伮ǸסҪܣŶûС
ϼһҽúܰɡ
䣬ƶֱӱצץ˵֮ţʱرա
ʹߣҡ
֮ţΪرգɣǵȫ׳ɡ
Сӣ㻹Ҷˣˡ
ǾҪûˡ
ƶڵٶȱΪı֮󣬵˵ٶҲӿˣƶڵУʧ˵ȫӷһУ
ĵ伮ʱ򣬱һǿȴǹʹߵģȫ񷶦˹ȥ
ʱӷͻв񷶦ǿ˺ö౶οϰٱˣóӷˣе㶡
ɣ
񷶦ٿʼ仯һ̫죬Ҳ̫ˣӷһ׼ûС
ţٴδ򿪣ȫ񷶦ʵ˽ȥǳӷɵˣȫȫá
ʹ߶Ų񷶦ı仯񷡭䣡
䣡
ӷ˾һЦɣϸҽɡ䣬졣


1769 նɱ
䣬죡
ʹ߿ųӷĲ񷶦е˵䣬Ӳ񷶦ȡʹĳӷȫϼɵɢϼ⣬ֱӴӷɽ˳ȥ
ʱ֮䣬أϼţϼ⣬ֻг϶ĳǿʱŻ֣Ҳ˵ӷ磬ϾҪ쾳ˡ
ʥ۷쾳磬һ֮ңˣһ֮޷쵽㣬ӷ˶ǿߵټ۷гʦھĵ伮еһ𣬿˵Ǿʱ˺ϣ³ӷΪؼʱ̣쾳硣
ʹ߸оӷ쾳ԶԶҪ˽쾳ʱǿͲһոս쾳ܹӵеġ
ĳʦû뵽Ȼǿھĵ伮֮ڡǿҲûãոյ쾳磬۷Ҳû뱾Կ
ʹ߿˾ĵ伮Ŵĵ伮ȡ
Ҫƾĵ伮ҲҪܲܿУȻӷĿǰֻܿŴĵ伮򿪣֪ȥʹþĵ伮ĵ伮صռܣĵ伮ӵģ׾õ۷壬㵱Ǽٵѽ
׾ãþŴס
ӷ¶һ˿ЦҪľʹȥƾĵ伮ԼͿԳʱΣ˳ΪϾˡ
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׾õӾĵ伮ڴ
Уʲô˼
Ŀǰߣƾ޷ȫסŴȫƾŴ֮£ĵ伮Ҳ޷ȫӳ
ӷ¸ˣߣȥƾŴڣӷû˿·ˣ󺰵ǣ¶ڡ
ƽ̨棬Ǹ¶໥һۣﳤվ˵Ů̫Ҫʱȥ̫ӵ£ͳһ¡
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ﳤһǸ¶ƹƽ̨֮ϡ
׾Ǿĵ伮ĻͬʱҲǾŴ֮һߣǸ¶ҲǣߣѾȫۼƽ̨֮ϡ
һһҲûȥ
ӷҲûȥܵĸȥϰ׾ãסǼһ
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ڣӷѾۼޱǿҲԻصģͬҲԻӷԼ
Ѫҳ
ӷоԼڵǿԼǰҲһǽԼ·ס㣬ҪȥȴһֱǽϣҪ뽫ǽڸˣܳȥνϣÿһϾǿߣᾭһˣǾͳɹˣûƣɣ·һ
ӷֻҪǿѪǰϣԴ˲óɹ쾳硣
ΧһУʱԵļΪȫ˿̵ĳӷ磬֪ʹǱߵˣӲ֪Ǹ¶һͱʹǿˣа׾ðǵֵסǸ¶Ͼͻûʹ߸ɱ
ȶԼס֮Ѹ֮Ӳ齻ˡ
׾ûȥ࿴ӷһۣҲ֪ڸû˰˳ӷ磬һֻܿӷԼˡ
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ٴǻۣʱҲѾ𲻵˿ˡ
׾õӰھĵ伮ڳ֣ȫ߶žĵ伮
ǣߣĵ伮Ҳֻܷӳʮ֮
ʹߴЦһû׾žĵ伮ô㷢ӲҲûõġŴֻôӷ绹ڽ϶죬ֻҪɹ֮ǿɱǳһ͵ھˣһʹ߹ҲҪһնݳ
νʣѳӷ翴̫ˡڵĳӷ绹ԸʶԿɱˣһֱΪǺӾްҹڱֶΣ滨ӷ绹һ߹ǰ߹ܼ죬ͬԡ
Ѫӷ߱˵ѾǼˣһűǳԽ˾űѪǿɾŴݻƬ˵ǳӷ޷쵽¾ۣҲ׽Ѫűɡ
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ֻһˣôһ㣬ӷֱӽɹˡ
ʹ߼ӷϾҪ϶쾳磬Գӷչֳϵһľ磬ɾͺñϵ߰˲ˣԹҲδйǿĴѽ
ɹ
ʹȥܰ׾ǣתͷ˳ӷ硣
á
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ʹǰɣڣʶһ£ʲôǳƿȭսף汦飬ҳ

ӷʱҵˣʱӷѾóսףһ汦Ȩȣһ־ĵ伮ڳӷͷǲ񷶦
ʮħȫڳӷΧǻţСĺ
ʹߣһʱ侪ӷӵеѾԿסһԽ۷ǿˡ
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ӣʹ֪ƿȭģĻɵȥֵˣѡһ
ܣ˵Ҫ޻㵱ҳӷ˵ĻǷƨ𡣸°ɡƿȭɱ
ʹۿһ޴ȭͷԼ߱Ѫѽʹ߸͵ֵס
ӷ磬ɱǲŹġ
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ʹ߱ץ˵֮ɳӷ绹ǱС棬ֻҪС汻𣬾ͿԴĿУ֪о۷֮ϵ顣
ȫ
ʹ֮󣬳ӷ絥һӣΧйâȫɢȥ棬ǧ֡
ȫȶͬ޵Уһͳ½
ҽ½еնɱһϹųһٴ֣ȫۼϹҪϹ̨㽫ɱػȡҵ¡
ǣӡ


1770 Һɱػ
˳߲仰ҲҪʱεġΪư֮ǰҪ仰õˣԱߵ·ˣѡһԼ··ѡˣǾζǵĳɹһѡˣǾζǵ
ڳư֮¶Լֺ֮󣬲˳棬Ѿ޹ؽҪˣҪɱ˭˭͵Ҫ˭ѡ
ɱһΪΪۡ
ţ֮ķսӷһ۶˸ˣͬʱƶϣҲȫڳӷ֣֮ӷ绹ͬһʱ䣬Ϊ϶ľ磬ǳԽ۷ǿߣҲӷС棬Ա˽˽۷֮ϵ顣
϶죬Ͼĵ伮ŴӷҪٵģɲһ۶ǣ֮䣬Ǵ½Ϊ֮𶯣֮⣬֮ܿϣٷһ춯صĴըǳӷ罫ɽˣκżĻˡ
ֻҪˣƶϵˣϻҪ˵ˣҪͶ˼ѾûͶʱˣͳͳɱһӷɳһ֧˵ľӣڰ֮ڽ׷ɱֻҪǸɽκιϵģһҲŹǵҪնɱеĺ󻼡ȻҲԼĽѵ˵ǰɱ⣬κһܵĻҲͲнĳӷˣΪϹŻҵĳԱܣȥһطǶʱڣ־óѾûʲô˼ˣŻڵĳӷ磬ʱ䣬˵İ֮£ɨǬ
ϹŻʹǳʦģ˵ʿĳ޷Ƶ֮ģڣȻ֪ϹŻʹλãӷҪϹųִ½ϹŻʹȻҪڴ½
˷ɽ֮󣬳ӷˣȫۼڣӷ֮ϣ϶ٴ˾Ŵ׾õڸˣ
ڱ٣ϹŻʹӷԲ񷶦
¡һ죬쳹½ӷĶ£ӽ½УӴ˿̿ʼǴ½Ҳûˣħ壬壬ЩСС£вߣǷϻȫɱǸЩйϵˣ޳ȥŮЩŮйϵˣȫɱ⡣
ӷһ£ûһˣȥ˭뷴սᣡ
̶֮̾ڣ½ˣٶȸţޣЩ̫Զżʮ·ߣҲǵİ£ɳħķħޣٶȣǴţΪʲôҪȫµˣ֤ӷĳưԡ
ϹŻʹ֮⣬ۼ˿ڣ½ҲȫۼȻϹŻʹ֣ɲһô󣬶Ǳ鲼ţޣҲǳӷΪʲôҪȻٵ۶ǵԭΪϹŻʹ֮أͬڵ۶֮£ܶطǳӷ׾֮ǰȥûзֵģڵĹλãֻϹŻʹıɽһǰˡ
ûۼϣӷĴŸƽʱһûҪô໨ֻҪ˶һ££½ճ
Ҫ𣿡
ӷվߴ·˿ڣһ仰ʹ˿ڣûһӦġ
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ܺáȻǶǸôӦɣ
ȻⲻҪ˵ʲôֻҪǾܻ
һңʲôγɵģ˿ڣǿߣǷЩҪΪҪģǹأԣѾǣƶһȫµĹأҹؽзɣֻҪڿʼ˶ⷨɣκ£Ϳƽ෴˭˷ɣƻҵĹأģͲһˡ
ӷֶô½֪˰ɣƶ϶ǳӷĶ֣۶˱ӷ׾ʹˣ½˿ӷ翹ġ
¡
ӷ󣬳ӷ˵ǽҹӰɣ֮ҡ
ңгԶɽۣô֣ҲֲӷѽֻǶ˵ѣִֵģɲֶθô򵥣ҪıУۻںռ䣬ôĹֻһ˲ʸȥǳԶɽ
ӣҪүĻ˶ûֻǸôȥ˵Ļ
ӷһָգңԶľ֮кᣬǴԽȥ֮·
涴ͿȥˡֻҪȥ֮ܵ⡣ڣʼ㽫
ӷٴһ£·д󽫣ȫ

ĩڡ
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Ķǣԣξξٱ£죬壬塭ȣûõҵ֮ǰ˭ǰߡ
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ֵ
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ȷˣҲҪһػǴ½ҽ¿ˡ
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ҲСˣľã㣬Ӧûʲôɣ
磬ˣûġ
С԰Ǳ֮˶ˣڽνûʲô⡣
׾á
Ҫֱɱȥаţ
ңԽ涴ﻷסû֮ǰʲôˣܶ֡
׾ô죿ǳӷԼأ
û˸ҶʣҲû˻ȥʣȻӷţð׾ȫԽ涴Ȼš
ˣ͸λ׾ãԽ涴ˣش½


1771 Ůɳ
Ϻұ
ǳԶɽһҵʼ֮أҲǳӷ뿪磬ۼĵط
˽죬ӷ뿪Ѿʱˣ֮ڣò˵̵ˣ֧ŵĺ࣬ҪԽδĲϽͬʱŬԼΪӵģԶɽǱߵľĴʲôʱʧȥ
꣬ͨ˵ҲҲֻ̣գ֮䣬Ѿȹˡ̵ˣͷ·𾭹ЩãÿһˣƽֺеĻƴţڣŬţˣһչأһʱ䣬Ҳ˵ڣһ꣬ڱչ˲̣ϾѾõ˳Ҿѧ׷ǧ̣̫̫ˡǱչһģǻѣӷ뿪ĵһ꣬ǱչأصʱΪѾ۷徳磬ǰ죬ӷ罫ƳĵҩͻʹĻѵΪֱӽʥ磬˵ΪҲԶţһûиչһ꣬ƹҵͬʱڳʱȥڣ̵ΪгԯǼȫѾʥƷľ磬ʥ۷壬ֻһ֮ңˡ
꣬˶סˣΪδǱ޷ͻƾĴҲóһ˶ûУֻڽδӲƾĴʱϳԶɽֵܵȫĴڣ˵˺ܶΡ
˽죬ÿһ˵ģѾǰǰˣСĻƴţҲѾ־ĥķǳˣϻ⣬ڰκϣ˼С
ھǷ棬ȼλүӣѾȨȫ·ţԽ쵱ϯλҲѾʱˣڣйŮʵۣ˵һû˸˵ֻɷʧˣʧˣϱҪǿУǼûǿУԽ࣬ɻǼ縺ԼΣһңܳκεӣԼɷԶˣԽҲܵ¡
Ϻ칫ҵĵ绰𣬵绰̴ģԽһĺϢԼĶӣڽ֮ڣع顣
ͬʱŷ棬ҲӵϢʧľϾҪˣżͨˣʲô֪ͨˣѾϵϺȴӭӳӷĻع顣
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Ѷʱͽеͷ˳˿ֱ̣Ӿƴˡ
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飬żŮʱʹ˵ԣޣаڣ¡
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û뵽СѾͷδһȻһ¶ûУǽϣһҲûУˮվ˫񣬶ʱ֮䣬ļΪ£飬ҲļΪ¡
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ߵСѾͷǰʵֺӣңʲô֣
㲻ףҿԸ㡣Ҳ̫ˡ֪ĸְ
㻹кü𣿡
ǡְ˵ˣǹ֮ŮֵġҵСб˶ҵġ
е˼
Ĵʲô
ԺҵĴˡȫվŶҵĴŵˡҾ޵ŮܴǵġҸ


1772 Ѱ
ҸֵǷǳͨұڣճҪ̫ͨܣǡ
ѾͷְţΪʲôճ
̵ɫʮѿҲѾ뵽ʲôˣҲȫųҸ
˵ǵǿǿˣЩ˵ĳ֮⣬˭ǣȥһۣǲµСӣЩ˵ı鶼Ầµġ
ҸһҲηڳκһˣӴģе㳬͡
ˣһ㶼ڳĵ꣬ʼѧ·ѧ˵ģɳҸ궼ȴѾ˵һĺˣҲ·ܣⱾһټӵųѪɣѾͷǳǿ
ΪҰ˵ҵѽҲʲôֵġЩˣһҸСӸҰ
Ҹ⻰ǵĺü˶ЦڿɲЦʱ
̿żʵѾͷĸ˭
ӷ뿪ʱ䣬Ҹ겻Ҳ˵Ҹڳӷ뿪ĲòųģôҸ˭ѾҪˣĸס
ڳŮǸӷйϵģ֮⣬ֻлѸĽ飬Ϸ壬ҲֻǳӷѰˡ
ŮˣȻǲܵģȻͲż̾ûˡ
ż̵֪ݣҲң˵ǲ˵һֱվǰ̾˿˵ԵĻΪ˺ӵİȫż˵ݡȻҶѾµˣҲûʲôġ
żν˵Ӧöĳʵ̫ˣֲڣЩ֪иŮС˾ͺΣˣԣĸ׽ңҺúñʱҷģǾȻʲô£ܽС˵й¶Ӳ˵ĸʲôˡ
żǴ˵ˣҲû취ѽѵɱɣ⼸żıַǳãڳӷĹ³ӷ粻ڵ֪Լ˭δй֮ģŴķǳ֮ãǱߵĳ˵˫ϲŵİ£ţѾΪȫڶţţڳӷ뿪ú󣬾ȫһˣţȫйġ
˵ǳӷ׹ùãѵңҲûʸ֪Ѿͷĸ˭𣿡
ż͵ҡͷ
ӣĲͷˡҾµɡ
Ҫ˺Ұְ֣Ȼҿɶǲ
Ҹż˽ʱ䣬ôСͻ˵ͻ·ˣǶ֮ǰļ䣬Ҳһ
顣
ˡ
ʱ˵ˣɫǳѿ
ȫ˻ѡ
㣬ʲôƴţסѣȴûס
ѱҸ˵ҪٱżˣҲ˵ġ
Сѣ㡭ѵǡ
ûҾǱĸסô𣿡
ǿ͸ӷʶʱһ
˭ĵ꣬ʱ䲻˶ˣΪˣѾȻΪĸףǣʲôʱеģʲôʱŮģΪʲôûһ֪
ǣǲٴκεѹˡӷ˲ڣŮȴƫƫӷ뿪֮ˣʲô취
겻׼ȷ˵ǲһ㣬ڳӷ뿪ĵʮ£ҸˣѾͷСģ͸Ӥ㣬Ӥ𣬲˵ߣͷݣȫˣӵųѪ
ĽʵСѣʲôʱ£
ӷ뿪ұչصһˡҵʱ֮ѡһô֪ĵطǣ±֮Ҳ뵽ǰЩ֪ĴڣӦʱûܱ˱ҾͽȽżҺúչˣֻҪӷһʽΪˡ
Ѹӷ飬˶֪Ҳûʲô˵ģֻǳҸĳ֣̫ͻȻˣһʱ֮䣬ܶ˶ܲˣֲòΪӷˡ
뿪꣬ŮˣˣΪʲôû죬
С㣬ʵСѾ֪ĸˡüΣҶϺֻûֶѡңҲֻ˶ĵطС˽Ұְ֣Ϊʱݵģû˵ʱС˶ǽŲ
ѵԼŮ˵Բ㣡
ޣ֪裬дңڵȰְֻԸߴңְϾҪˣΪѾо˰ְֵϢ
о
ʱҸӻѻһʮֳԾı˵ҪˣǶ
ŮȥģôСһ˳ȥ
վס
ס˻ѣ˵û˵ܸӦӷϢҲ˵ܴҵӷ硣û´Ļӷ磬Ѿˡ
ԥһ£Ȼתɳϡ
㣬ʲôˡ
ᣬ̡
ѽ̲ǳӷӣ㣬Ѻ
˵δǸŮʱٳ֣죬͵Ƿżٰɡʲôȥʲô˭Ҳ˭
ϷĽһĻ˷̸ֱԱߣϷ˵̣㶼ûôֵģϣɡ
ĽԻ˵ΪĸˣΪĸ׵ģһûԼŮǲǸʲôġߣȥ䡣
ƴţ£˵ˣȥȾȥ
پ׷꼸˵Ѿ߳˱
Ҷ˵ÿһ˵ﶼȥʲôģÿһˣȫ˳ҸѾͷߵˣ˴Ӳͬķλøġ


1773 ľ嫾
֮⣬嫴뼯һƬȫȫΧסˡ
δµ磬Ѿ޷ȥּˣ⻷ķΧҲǰǺ嫴֮Ϊ˽δ¡
ǣܽδôȥΧǽƬ澡£Ҳǣ磬Ҫս£㽫Ƭ涼˵ҲһôûС
죬ҵľĴѾ;ƿݵʱ㣬δҲ㵽ˣԣѡڽ죬ƾĴɱ򣬽ϵˣͳͳɱ⣬ôŻһС
ɽδ벻ǣĴƳһӣԼҪȽԼԵȫɱʱȴһͬΣȴ޾˻
ĸŮ洣кܶǿߣȫҳһŴ˿̵Ľδ
ͻȻ䣬һѪ⣬ӵı㷴ֱѹ˽δδͷϵͷǵһһѺۣ漴ͷӽδϵ䣬δҲѾ¶һòһòȴκˣġ
ۡ
ڽδͷһͬʱĸŮ洵ˣȫˣǿ޵еĽδȻһѪ
ˡ

δһֹסˣҲǱˣǰεɫĵ
ôܣôܻ·
ȻδˣˣѪԽδΪǳӷ󣬼ϰ׾ã񷶦Ҳ֮˵δѽǱһսڣδıˣǱ˵˳ף˵棬ֱӾѪˣ
ղŵǡѪ
δţѪҲֻгѪӵ
ˣΪʲô
ǰʵ
ǳңǿĴڣΪʲô֮ǰû߹ң
¶֪ô˵ˣղҲо˳Ѫ㣬ǾԲдġǣУֻˣӵѪѽԶɽĴ󣬲ģѾ˺ռ䣬ܻصڳӷ磬ˣӦֱԼŶԣˣҲӵǿŶԡ
ûУûУ˳֮⣬κˣӵУڵĳӷ磬ҲӵǿȻ֮䣬һ˸˳ġ
ˣ˶ܸоĵԣԷǳۡɳ˳֮⣬˭ӵǿ
δô벻ף̫ˣҪ򣬻ܴ鷳ġ
ģǼҷųʶ̽򣬱Ҫղʲôɢġ
ǣˡ
ڴ˿̣δձһĪˣͻأΧǰʱֵľǣҲͻȻʧˣͬʱǸ涴УɢǿɵĹââֱӴӳ涴˵ߡ
ˣǳ涴ǡ
δȻתԶĳ涴ֻ涴ڣһ⣬ÿһ񶼲ӡ
ڤ磡
ʲôˣ˵ӷѾˣ
棬ûгӷڣȴǿߡȫ׼ǵж
δһ£嫴ȫ
涴е⣬ϵһһٸһǧһʮǧ
ˣ̫ˣڸͿƲ
ȲҪǵʲôҲδؾǳӷ
ʱ涴ڣΪǿһˡ
ڹ⣬ֱӽΧǿڵΧγһ
ǿԲ֮¡
ĵΪѾ۷徳ˣڴӳ涴гֵ֮£Ҳ˵ͬ۷ľ硣
ʲôˣ
е⣬ں嫴Ķ棬γƣƣȴһ㶯ûУƽԲں嫴֮¡
Ƶǰ棬ڹѾһӰһŮˣһŮһһװŮˣŮ˵ƣŮ洸Ķ֮ϡ
ߺˣ
ǰʵûԷȴһ仰Ҳء
ŮҲǰʵǵʲôˣȻҴһڡ
Է˵ˣ㣬ûʸ˵ǵ
δͷѾ½ϺãˣҲѾǰɲὫӲԼ֮ȵȰҪ򣬻ô˵
δʲôˣ
ǺŮ˵һӣһǿҵĺڹ⣬ֱӳδ˹ȥ
δգһ۾ڹ⣬ֱͣǰ
ǳԽ۷ǿߡδǾˡ
ڹڽδǰʧ˵δƳˡ
֪ҵ֣Ҳ˵ǣǳӷأ
û׾ãҼҹӣʽս顣
Ŷħޣħޣû뵽ӷ绹潫ڤΣѵΪľڤ磬ǰľڤҶԿɡгӷҹͷڹ꣬һŮ˵ĺ档
׾˵ȻսѾˣҼҹȻֵģڡ
䣬׾ɢĺڹ⣬ڹʱ֮תΪѪ⣬ֻڰ׾õ˾Ŵ
Ȼõ˾
ûҼҹ˵ˣ磬û󷨱Ҳ붯ֺ
Ŵգۼ˵Χ仯ΪŰѾ޴Χһһߡ
ԾŴϾĴղδΪٸߣҲ˵ˡ
ļһӷѵô㵨ս飬Լҳˡ
ҼҹѾصļ磬ļˣѻغ֮󣬾ĩգȻҲجεĿʼ
Ŷû뵽ѽھڤ꣬ڹ֪꣬ˡãҾ͵ţ겻ӷΪһôľ硣
׾Цһǣǧλǿ֮ؾ֡оκζҪֱɱ
ǣŮ


1774 յĻԻͣĻ
콥ϺҲѾתҹʱΣʱμ䣬ͬĵطᷢͬ飡
ںܶ˵ưɣѾʺԼˣĲ¥ѡ֮أȻǻҪһаŮߣȻԵĺȤˣڼ￴ӣʲôģ
ϺϣĳػأδйϵĴšҲ֪ʲôʱʼϺϵĳֱеĳȫֹͣ
ǰ棬˳ͨڽŽĴҪõʱ䣬˭Ҳܿ϶
ϾҪʼˣʱȻ
һɫĴԽҰϣһŮǽĴӴ⿴ǰΪѾˣ·ƣǰҲĲ̫
ŮĴ磬ϵϷһЩ֮Ϯ֤ŮӦڵϻģǳԽġ
֪ǰһϺˣ˵˵ϺͲǰģǸ
ŮڱԹţǵϻģʱҲҳ嵽ǰȥѽĳϣһЩϮģһǰľ췢֣鷳ˣ䲻̫飬ȴһҪЩȥһˣǳ£ģŮ٣ΪɻģҲǽӡ

ʱһߵĳ
Ůתͷһֻһ꣬վԼĳ⡣
ĴţǹŹ֣һԱոװϷ·ȴֲ̫йĹװ
ңæء
£һ˹ڨģ£ŮӦܴΡ
һ£Դһ˳糵ȥ𣿡
ȻǴ˳糵ģ⻹Ůû뵽ϵǳԼûĻôܵġ
ûʱ䣬ٷҿ㰡
ҸֻҪҵȥͺˡ

˴ĹŹ֣˵ԼǴԽѽǸЦˡ
ɲŮ˵껹óһĽڴŮ
Ůһɾ˼飬̰һߵĳ򿪣˵ǲѽ
Ǽ٣Լ
һ㶼ģֱӾͽ˳ڡ
ŮùҧһڣԹԣǽѽ
ֱӴ򿪣Ůϳǰͨˡ
ϳǰ·Ҳˣϵĳشš
Ϸģ
Ů߿ʵ
˵Ǵһ紩Խģ𣿡
㻹Ϸģе˼ʲôϷǴ峯ԽģǴƳԽģ
ǣһ硣
ӦһǳӱĵӾɣʲô֣ܲȸңҵʱһ
ʱû
ѽҪȥʲôط
Цѽ͵ʲôطԣ˵͵ȥû⡣
Ҳ֪ȥʲôط
Ů˵ȥֵܵıġ

ԣֵϰμһȭ
ͦģнɣ
ǵıɲǵݵЩǻģȻ١
ԭǴȭѽ
㻹֪ȭô𣿡
ûʲôµİɡȭʲôλŶӦ˵ʲôɾٰģ
Сӣ㻹ʲô֪ѽǸ꣬ѽȰòҪЩ£ûôġ
겻ɵЦһ˵ʵڽϵ飬Ҳ֪һġϺֵط͵ºȭû´Ļٰ췽ӦǶɣ
ѽ㻹ͦ𣬾Ȼ֪ǶûǶÿڵһռԾ˭ӮˣϺ̣͹ĸÿڡ
⣬е㷢㶣˵Ƕģÿڣʲôʱַʽ̵ˣ
Ͳ˰ɡǶȫһɣҲΨһĺڰ˵Ǳ鲼ȫÿһҡһˣȻҲͶˣǰмţڼˣλ໥֮䶼Է˳ۣҲȻҪ»һ¡
ѵͷ𣿡
ͷ˵Ц˭֪ǶѾʧˣڵĻǶҲôңǰճʱܵûӰˡ
ֿЦһ˵Ƕڵͷ֪ˣЩʲôƶҪù
˰ɣ˭ʲôͷѽμˡ
ˣ
ȻġѽִЩˣѾΪ˵ϵЩС£ôܵĹ淢飬Ƕ֪ȫεļסˡ
ŮԵ˵˵ǶڵɣҲһܰǶĳһӰء
ǵݣǱѽ
Щˣ˵˵Ҳûʲôϵġ
ҲԣǶ룬һֻ۱һֻۣ˭ҸǶѽ
˶٣Ů߿ų˵ǶڵطΪÿڣֱΪˣ˻ᣬ磬ţȭᣬɻÿֱӹȫĺڵǰŻپˣһλصľ£Ƕȫڵʱ֮ˡǰǶλصľͻȻʧˣµսҲ֪ʲôԭھʧٺĲãλ˳˵ڶ⣬ٹܺڵˣҲ֪ǲġ£֮λִ֮󣬴ͳˡǰĶ壬ȴĺ㣬˭֪أΪ̣˭Ҳ˭ǶԼ˴ԼˣڣͳһĵºȭԸΪǿĴ֣̹˭Ϻսǰϴ֣ӲҪ˵Ϻϴĵ̣ҪǻϺȥ
ŮһЦ
ѽû뵽Ҳ뿪꣬ͱˡ
ɣ꣬ǸոմӾǴ½عĳӷ磬ҲŮλصľĴʼˡ
ϴ˵ǲף
ûû뵽Ҳ֪ϴ󡣲˵ǰλصľͽϴȨˣϴȥĵط£Ҳ˵е̣ϴûʲôϵڲǰҲ֪ðһϴ£˵Ҫ̣̫Цˡû뵽ǣˣЩһǹǱ߹£ϴλϴһѾܶˣǵЩ£ҲȫɢأôܻܻһССϺѽ
ȷ׵Ǳӷȥ֮λĳطȥ˹Ǹپһپǲܶ£ӦǸһӦδĺ嫴ⲻܹپǡپѡļˣֻپû׼ˣ֪ˣ
óӷ缰ʱˣٹһңδ򲻽򣬶ҲᱻЩһġ
㿴ܸܲһȥ
ŮһȥﵽױôˣŮ˵ˣһ
ǿԣÿھѶ࣬ʲôĶʶ
˾Ͷлˡ
һֱϺȥӷڸʻڣŴһĻĻѾЩĲɣĵ磬ҳӷ磬ˡ


1775 
һ·ӷ˽⵽˶ڵ״ǳӷû뵽ģʱ䣬ԼһֽĶȻˡ
ǰӷİֻһڣ壬⣬Ҫĺ㣬پǴʱķǳãĸÿ鷳Ԯ֣ҲδйϵᡣأپǶ̶ԿδĺҲûʱȥˣȫһڰֱӶЩˣЩˣȴһԸΪȵģˣĹء
Ȼһ·ӷҲѾ֪Ůڶеݣ㣬ǻһԱסݣҲںݻģ첻һشӣͲܵϺȻΪһ죬ǶĽɫҲֻСܼģûӵԼĳļͥǲǿưɵģںӵҾưɣҲΪɣСͶԻڵ׷һ죬ܳΪһϴ
ӷ罫Ŀǰ˽ڳӷһ㶼֪ӷʲôֶ֪Ϊһ·ǳӷʣڻش𣬶ҳӷ˵ķر𣬿˺˷ܵĽһж㣬ԼȴʶԷ뷨ûС
ϺûˣϺҹǸǰһһ仯ûУڵ֮ͨҲһ㶼֪飡
ǵˡ
㽫ͣϺڽֵĽڿڣûٽ벽ͬʱͣźܶȫԲͬеġ
ǶεıľưУǶԼ֮⣬ǲܽȥġҾ˵СܣȻͿԸһȥˣԼҲҪ˵ʽľۻᣬûģĵӰЩڣڰľۻᣬ֮𡣡
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһԼѾص˵򣬸ͲҪԼȥκˣһȻҵԼġҲ˵̣پǣƶСʱ֮ҵԼ
Ҳûж˵ʲôӷһ·㣬ڽֺ󣬳ӷ绹ųԼʶȥӦı仯
磬һ仯ҲûУǰһһóӷܳԾԾģȻǾĴ
ǿ󷨣үү֮⣬ڵϣû˲õˡǣүү󷨾ʱ䣬Ͻδһ᲻ϵƻ˵ӦöסѽΪʲôܼȥң󷨵û˿ļǿ
ӷڷųʶͬʱĬţΪʲôᷢ£ʲôˣڰԶɽȶ󷨣ʹõȻǳѪ
ѵŹùѾӵѪ
˳ӷ磬Զɽ⣬κһӵгѪˣĵѪǰ۷֮սϣӷˣҲ˵ǳʦ˵ռУܴڵĸӵгѪˡӷʵ벻ͨԼһоķѪΨһĽ;ǣ
ôȻڳѪڰԶɽȶ󷨣ǾǼ£Ľδĺ嫴޷硣
ѣ׾ľĴӦѾͨ˳涴˻δˣԼս飬Ű׾ҲѾˣвȺľڣδڶʱ֮ڲ
ҵˣҵİˣҵѣеֵܽǣܿ죬ǾҪˡ꣬겻ǻ꣬뿪꣬ˣ
ţǬɽʶֵܣСѣ壬飬ʶáˡ̣ҵӣˣԺеĵӣеʹ࣬һܣҳӷ磬κһˣܵ˺ǽδ򣬶˺ǣ
ڳӷ̾ͬʱѾһҾưſڣӷûȥưɵ֣ȻǶս֮أͬǳӷ˼ĵص㡣
ɣǣ
ι磬㶼һˣΪʲôأͣӦȢţʲôĲŶѽ
ưſڣŵԱԵĺģѾʮˣýȥưɵĶѾȥˣǣȴûʸȥ
ͱȽϴ˵죬ҲһˣͲʺϽӣһѽ˵Ѿܳʵˡ
ڶеʱ䣬ôҲӦûСͷĿɣΪʲôڣˣڿأ
ʹԼʮ겻ʵ
СӣͲ˰ɣҸ㣬ǰҿǶĺĳԱִµͷսŲţ
У˭ѽִˣôܻ￴أ
һѾѽ뵱꣬ҿǿܳŶƵģִɽִ統ưԻʱǵ磬̳˭Ҳѽ
ͱˣ˵Ķģִսǻѽ
Сӣ㻹˵һһΡǵǸʱ򡭡
˰ѻ˵꣬ԱһŮ˵˵ʲôϸҿš
ӷѾ˾ưɵſڣưɵǹŵģǶˣͽȥ
λС㡭
ѾĲС㣬ˡ
˼λ㡭
㡭
Сӣɣ˵
ʹЦλŮĸÿڵģ
磬㡣
ʹЦŮԵȣһ¡
˴һ绰һ˵ԭǺϴѾʼˡ
š㿪Űɡ
ãû⡭λǡ
ʹתͷһ۸ĳӷ磬ʱ֮䣬ɫޱ䣬ˣʼ
Сܣ
㣬С
ϻʲôϿţҿɾҪùˣ
ٿһ۳ӷ磬ӷƨҷš
鷳ˣ鷳ˣ
ưڵıʲôģ˭֪һһ̵ıȻһе񻰣
ããңϿš
˸ͲҶ˵һ仰̰Ŵ򿪣ӷֱӽ룬ڽȥ֮󣬳ӷͣһ½Ųת˵֪ͨˣϺ
˱ӷ⻰ŵɫӰ׵࣬ԭλ֪ԼѾϳȻԼ˵Ļ
ǣǣϰ졣
ưٴιرգСǰʵλǺݵϴѽ˵ںݻͦġ
ٿҲûˡ
ʹ˽ϵıƷһѣҪˡ
ι磬ȥѽ
⿴ŵ£ѾɵͷˡСӣȰñˣΪٹã츲صı仯ļ飬Ҫˡ


1776 һս
ưѾĳһ̨̨Ŀǰûˣ̨ķѾ˹ڣЩڣȫǵϻģҲȫǶĳԱ˵ÿһһĽɫдɫҲСɫ
ǰģлһߣǻ˵ÿڣǰǹپģ̶Կδĺ֮󣬾ͽλӴ˱ˣɾʱ䣬پǶûȥˣ¶ļÿڣѾˣ໥֮俴ŲˬˣӮĳΪڵĶУѾܲλؾĴڣҪȡ֮ΪǿƵͷϴ뷨ÿһУֻûһ˻˵ŸԵȴʱˡ
ⳡԳ׵£˵Ϻǰ׵ģҪӻÿڣϺûȥʵ˶֪Ϻǰʯͷĵ̣ڶͳһȫڵ֮ʯͷҲΪϵϺȻͻֵ˻ÿС
񣬾Ȼ˵Ϻ׵ģһ׼û𣬲Ȼ˵ʯͷģʯͷûϺǸ˳
ܶ˶ʵ£ǻÿڸ㣬ÿðǰ£ԴΪڣȽϺõ֣֮ͺñǰĳӷ磬Ҫһĵ̴ɴ򲻴ҲҪһԼѽֽȫĺڰһСǳԵµô
ӷڳ֮Ѿڳ˶ܼߵǺɱģǱߵȴһûУԴ˫ǱߵӦڱȽ侲ˣѾڱ֮ǰҪ˷һӮⳡôߵɱ˶û⡣
硣
ֱӾһ˵ߣ˴Լʮӣһɫװмһ֧ѩѣʮվǻ
ôڲŵ쿪ʼˡ
㻹ͦõģĿ֪Ӧµĺ֡
ʵһܻŮˣܸļͥйϵɣǳģܰϴ׬ǮȻͻõϴӣԣݣĵ̣ҲһСɡ
·Ϸ˳ˡ
û°ɣ
û¡
ĳӷʵʲôˣ
Ŷ磬ֵСܡ
ֵģڸÿڶڴ⣬ˣɲա
ӣͦСĵġ
ģҴˣȻŵĹ
Ǿ°ɣɳĽֵ̨ϣҪʧźá
ֵܣ
һ˷ܣ˵磬ġСپ֮ƣһѻЩһġ
ӣĽֵܣȻˣڣҲѾ̨һԼʮٵ꣬ȥǿ࣬پŸ֣֮߰ɸʯͷȴǺܽӽġ
磬Էɵʲôˣ
˵ǻһ֡
֣רɱ˵ģҲɱ֣ںڵϣЩ˵ģȴֲ֣ҲģǮ˶Ǯȥɱͽа
ǻ
ûǻǼһֶηǳ̣ҳ֮죬ͬ磬˵ˣȫˡ
ǳţӵĵȻҪ졣

ʱһ˹һǻ˵
һսǻˣϺɾǹ˵ˡϣˣҪʧźá
δ˵˵һҾ㣬ⳡƽ㣬ȻҵһŹ㡣
Ѿͷʲôݣƾʲô˵ƽӹƽͷڡ硣̻ƽҲ̫Ц˰ɡ
㡭
㣬졣
һŶһ˵ԭǺ㡣˵һףΪ׬˲ǮôûȤҵÿڣҿԱ֤ʮӵĿռ䣬磬Ҳ첻ˡ
վ˵һҶǶˣ˵Сһ㡣ִǼλ˵ĻȻ˵ǲǲˡ
پʲô䲻󣬵ڵȴѾʱˡĺڵЩ˵£ôǾ
Ѿʼŭˣӣ㲻ûִǷҲˣ
һŭˣȫվɷġ
˵ͱˡЩ˼붫￪ʼʹûλصľɣûôһˣôֻҪ̤ҹ˵ĵ̣һͿԱ֤ҪŽųȥ
һ湻ֵģһɱ컹ѽȻҪӷŽųȥ
˵Ҳ
ͻȻһһ仰ˣȫתͷĵطȥ
ֻߣˣţȫҲһŵģղǾ仰˵ġ
Сӣ㲻ˡ
һ˾Ҫ֣ɼȻڻߵģϲʶȻˡ
ô˵Ҳǻĵ̣ǻ˽ʲô뿪ͷɡ
ʹΪǻˡ
ȫұ졣
һȫ˵ˡ
һȽ°˵İɡǸʸ񣬳ưԶĻҲû˵˵ǰ棬ղ˵ÿһ仰ǵһϵûСҲҲܵûоһִκһ֪˵Ļ㣬Ҳûƨϵ
پȻѾ˳ǵȴڣҲ֪پǼλؾĴ֮½ġ
磬ǽжڻ˵һɡ
һһŮ˵ŮˣһŮˣǳޣԳӷǵϷЦЦ
ʽʼӷԭһҲ
ιһﵨӻ󣬸ղ˵
㲻ɵһЦӷղǾ仰ǽ
ʲô˵ģɱС
㵱㻹ϷѽδҿǺðյģҴ֪Ǿ鷳ˡ
㲻˵Ҳ˵û˻֪
̨Ѿ˫ǷǳͨĴ򶷣ڵϵЩ򶷼ɡ
С˧磬𣿡
ʱղŶԳӷЦŮˣһŮ˹ȥԱߵˣȫڿûȥעһŮˣһǱҲһ
˵ܣ𣿡
ӷһʣŮЦ
һ˼СӡҲûʲôÿģһɡ
㻹䡣
ӷһ仰ͽŮ˸˻ѽû˸˵
ãС֣ҵţ߳ưɣ˭ܱס㡣
ŮҲټˡ
㣬ң
ľ㡣ΪҲ֪ĵϸǸʲôģĺܡڹǱ߸ٸ˷ϵҲ
㡭
ģŮ˵£ҲĶ˵˵˻ҵ졣
㣬ҲҵţҲŹģưɣȫҪ
ǾͿλˣûǸˣʱ㡣
Ů˱ˣȴתͷ˵͸߹ˣ˵¶ҪۣŮˣ֪ġ
磬ģģҲᡣ
̨ϵǵӣѾˣǱ߿ʼ
ãӽ״̬ѽ
ӷûˣжˡ
ж
촽΢ϣƤ΢˫ŷжĻٲֹȥĻҿԱ֤ʮУҪ̨֮ϡ
˵ģ
бҪƭ𡣡
ܵģԭһ֮;ܷʲô£ֹͣ˵
ԭղһϲڹƽ£ǾȻ¶
磬Ҳܿŵӳѽ
̾˿Լ˱ԼҲ䣬ˣ֮󣬾͸ս
˭׼ȥ
Ǵ硭
죡
ӷ˵ѵ㻹ûڵĶѾǰĶˡЩˣΪԼ棬ǿκ˵ģ׵ˡ
Сӣ˵Сһ㣬Ҳֲ˵
ǰɣ
㣬ô˵ģȻҽ֡
磬Բ
ʱ䲻ˣͬǽһʱҲˡ˵̨ϵ˻һĻǴᣬͻˡҽ㻹ǽһɣҲ֪ʲôط
쵰ˣҡ
Ҫ쭣;Լ·ͷһһСѾͷվԼԱߣСѾͷǳĸӤƵģȴվĺȣûʲô
С
ιҾŶǿһ㣬Ȼĺܲҵġ
СѾͷǱҸ
ӷһۼоǳУϣɵ¶Цݡ
ôجˣ˳ӷڴɱʱ򣬶һСӷ쭰ɡ
ֱӾСܵӷǰ˫֣˵
㡰һѵǳӷŮ𣿿ɿӷҲѽ֮ǰӷԼһ˵ģдˣҲܴԼŮֵطѽ
ӷûж˵ʲôֱӾڳӷĻôİļҪ˯ˡ
ˣҡ
Сһ㣬⺢Ӹ˯ţƺˡ
Сӡ
ʱ俴һ۾ưɵſڣֻſڣվһˣһӣοȥǳȴʮֽʶ
һ֣˶סˣ΢΢һһָǷĵ˵֣֡磡
ûſڵģپ֮ǰҲǶĵһսȫĺڵϣһһĴڡ
һͬһסˣΪһһֱעߣһʲôҲܵһʱӦô˵ﶼǻĵ̣û˭ɽѽ
һĿ꿴ȥȴһ벻ˡ
پôܻپ
پ˫ûȥڳκһˣ˵ӡ
ܿ죬پ˳ӷ磬ȴû˿ֱӳӷ˹֮ˣȫóһ·Щϵپپϵǹƣη塣
ԱһˣųҲѾ뵽߲򵥣Ȼ͸һˡ
һˣһʱ˹͸һ֮ǰֿԣȫûˡ
ִ磬˼ôˣ
һپǾϹģʱ֮䣬ȫྲûһ˸˵̨ϣһ£һһҲ
پǶеִ磬λڵе
ȫʲôִ硣
ȫˣǻģǻģȫپϹ
پûЩ˷ֱߵӷߣҲȴһ仰û˵
ˣ
ǵģˣ
ɣȿⳡ
á
پȻ˳ӷߣ˷ǳֱ
ǼѽЩˣֻġ
پ˵ͷǸ˭
ǣǡִ磬ҽǻεġ
Ҳ֪˭֮ǰʲô
ǣǣϿʼϼ


1777 
֮ǰ˵پѾʱһھ͹һվԱߣһֱģ̧ͷȥپһۡ
ϵĻܴĵ𾴣˵η壬پЩǰ磬ݺȫڵ磬йڣֵЩڣͳͳˣ֤پЩˣǿѽûһĻٶ࣬Ҳܻڡ
죬Ҫģپߵ죬ûлҪǻЩˣȫµȥˡ
ɵ۵Ŀųӷ磬꣬ʲôˣ֮ǰ˵СܣڿĸСܣǿԸƽƽ𡭡ŶپӣǳӷСܰ㡣
㣬յСӣʲôˣΪʲôʶִ磿
񻰣񻰣˻ڲȦ˻ڲڽУ㲻ڣ񻰴˵
ֲɵϣڣѵ˵ӷСܲɡ
磬ʵʵҸͲʶ·ģҵ˳糵ġ
ʲôղŲ˵
磬˵ϷģҿĴô֣ûлɹλᣬĳһӰҲͶʵû뵽Ȼʶִ硣
Ǹˣǲ֮λģѾӷˣԲ򵥣ʵپĳ֣ɵϣ֪ӷ粻ͨ
پǴĶսУһվǺ䶯ȫڵ˵ܸپѵģҲʲôࡣ
̨˶ĵӣѾվˣȻⳡһԲֶӮˣΪپڳûκһˣ̨ȥǵµĵӸ̧ȥ
ˣ
ӷûȥǣֻ˵һɡ
پһתͷһ˵ûУһ
һ㿪ʲôЦִˣ˭ѽǶһսġ
ȻûϣپϰɣҿĽж󡣡
仰ȫˣһ
پϳţڿЦɡжʶپķɣʶսеĿ˭ʸȥû뵽죬һһ仰پȻ˵̨һָˣ̨̫Сǣ
پƣҪһֱ֮սڳˡ
һ໥һۣԭ໥̵ǣƨҷˡ
˭̨ȥپѽ˵Ǵ򲻹Ĺ˭еĻҲܻСɫѽѾһİˡ
ȻûҾ͵ˡ㣬㣬㡭
پοߴˣپһĸӣÿһˣһϡ
Ȼ㵽ˣܲ𣬲ˡ
ˣֱ̨ÿһ˵˫ţڷ
ʱӷߣűűĳӷ磬ûʳӷʲôˣ˵⺢ɰ
ѾڳӷĻ˯ˣ˯죬˵İжೳңԱû˿Ӱ죬ڸ׵Ļ˯С˵Ҹ
ӷ⺢˭Ϊʲôֵطôģӷ粻֪һиУΧڳӷͷ˭Ҫǳ⺢ӣͻ
ӷû˵Ϊʱھưɵſڣֳˣ˲ڳֱӾͳӷ˹
֮ǰһپѾȫˣֳһûȥ
ڳھưɵˣһοͷţһӱ濴ȴǴ壬һǸۣϻһĺ̥ʮֲֿɿֲͬʱҲһޱǿĴڣȫڵϣǴģˣپġ
ʯͷ磬ȴ磡
ʯͷϺÿڵŶ׳󣬳ΪϵȭڵеȣϺͷͶ붫Ϊ˻˵Ҳһǰϴ
һ֣һȫóһ·ţôˣЩƽûУһ
ʯͷ磬ȴ磬ǣôͻȻˣ
һͬ⣬ˣȫڷ
ʯͷһȴˣ͸ղŵپһͬʱվ˳ӷߣһ仰˵
Ҫվˣپ̨棬ȿɡ
ʯͷһ壬һ䣬˶ǵ˵ͷ˳ӷߡ
ȫգԽԽѽһһֻͷĸоرһղ˵ʲôɻûء
پһȭһһĶԱڵأһȭÿһˣûڶȭ

پһһһĶԱ̨ϱ
ӷ̾˿ҡͷߵʯͷȶ˰亹̨ͣϵپʹɫ㣬óӷڵĶ̫ˣǿӷῴ
Ҫʵ㿴͸ҹ
ӷ⻰һһû£ȻǶ˵ģʯͷһ⻰ȫŵɫ࣬վҲ¡
ÿȫûУ˵أľȻҵӵ·ʶѽס
ðɣһ˴󺰴еģԱţưɵˣ㣬˭ȥ·ѽ
״磬ˣˣһ
ֱӷߣ˫ۣˮһ仰˵ˡ
ǼôˣôСƨһһߴڣ𳳡
ײ˲۽Ǳߵˮ˵ǸپѽȥŪ
׶˵ʵǲ֪˵ʲô̫ĻڣȴһҲ˵ˣֱ̨پˡ
սͷսˣʲôѽ
漴ưſڣϵĳˡ
֩룬׷꣬޳ɣȫˣ
֩㣬׷磬޳ɴ磡
ʱ򣬳ӷʲôˣʲôݣѾ֮ˣ
㶼ԼĴȣܰɣЩĳ֣ȫԳӷϹϾģѵСӾǡ
ţ˳˾ưɡ
׸£ܲżλŮǡˣŵܲóˡУαегĽ飬ϾɶΪٽѣϷ壬ƴţһĳ֣кܶˣһλȫڵϵռŮ񻰣ųңҲǳҵϱ̶ˣλǳҵĴͬʱҲƼҵļǡĸ˭֪λؾӣˣ˵ʲô
ڣף̣쵱ͷȫۼںڵϣȫ˳ӷߣӣǲҪˣе񻰣λʧĶǰ


1778 ǿļ̳ˣֽгҸ
پ̨Ϲ˼У˵ΪȻʥ磬ȻʥһƷǰʵ˵ڶ̶֮ڵʥѾܲˡȻȻгҵָ㣬򣬾ǱٴҲ֮죡
ʱ䣬ǳӷŬˣŬڣˣҲѾΪǿߣһˣܹһˣӷҪ󣬻̫ԶˣҪǰ࣬棬ɻһӴ
ˣȫųӷ磬ÿһ˵鶼ǳ˷ܣ¼棬Ҳ˶벻ġ
ף˲١ΪҲʥ磬ѵá
˾ǰ촫ĵҩȻǼΪͻ𣬽ʥġ
ڻˣҵʱ䣬ڣ̫̫飬һ˵ġپЦ
֪Ҷ֪ҶˣҲڵ꣬ҪееΣԭҳеģȴ䵽ÿһ˵ļϣҵĴҿԱ֤һ̿ʼߵˣӵǰôѹΪһˡ
ӷ磬ȻҶ࣬ˣ̣û֧ңһˣ磬ڽδˡ
Գӷʱһη塣ǵĵһθӷֶӼʱڱϽǣǸʱӷԼˣǳʱ֣ӷ绹治һܻڣ˳ӷնν
ڣӷΪǽȣùõĳڳӷɢƣηˣƣȾ磬ǰڳԶɽ۵϶ֹǡ϶ơ
ӷվﻹụ̋겻ͷ׷
ӷûСһȥ̵ͷô£һԵĸлֻԼġ
̣ˣ
һҹͷҳҾѧ׷ǧ̣̿˵ǽʮΨһһҲɴˣഺĴۡ
˵⣬еʹģʱΪ˼縺ңòѧ׷ǧ̣ҪѧȾѧģԼഺ
ֻҪƽٴҲںһͷ׷ѣҾ͵Ⱦ˰ɡģҡ
̿˻ѣѽΪ˳ӷ磬һҹͷɻΪ˳ӷ磬ȴĸ׶ûȥȥΪҪǣΪӷһŮ
ˣȫ˻ѣٿ˳ӷ籨ŵı
˿̣ѾˣһͿӷ磬ȻӳӷĻصһ̣ÿһ˶ųһ亹ǻѡ
ɱȴǰȫ䣬һڣһǿƱΧˣ˳ӷ֮⣬ȫ˼Щͨˣȫ˵ϡ
Ѫ
ӷ󾪲ѣűüĴֵѪۣŵѪ⡣
Ѿͷǡ
裬ˡ
ѣס˻ѵĽţЦ裬Ҽְˡ
ԣ豨
裿ְ֣
ӷ˶סˣǵھǴ½Сʱӷ;ãԼûк󣬾ҪУҲһʱ̵飬ҪԼŮܳΪԼļ̳ˣǸʱӷѡСϣԼŮ֮ǰܶһ档
ڣСŮȻܻѽ裬⺢ӣ˭ģȻóӷ羪ȵǣղѪɣңѪȻôСʱѾǿˡ
ǡ
ӷ磬ѾΪ˸ˣùãҲɹˡˣǾµѽ
Źùã˵ҵŮ
ûСΪŮȻΪˣӵǳҵѪ𣡡
ӷߵǰǱ߿ޱЦ˵гҸСб
Ҹ֣û뵽ҳӷѾиŮˡŮְֱ
еġ
ֱӾ;ܾˣûе㲻ˣҪ˵żǰ˵СˣѾˣѽ
Ų֪ҵĸĸ˭һ֪ˡȻұְֵĳѱһְֵֻ࣬Ϊ̫Ѿ϶쾳ˣеʱƲסѪһְֵ˳ͻڳˣûġ
һ˵һʦ˵Ƶģӷ˸˵پѶˣȫгȥš
ǣ
һᣬˣһˣ͸һƵģȫ߳˾ưɣھưţŽӷǵУĳЩ˵ߵͷˡ
ӷһǿ̵ˣȫȥֻбûˣһ겻ĺӣȻӷ϶סˡ
ӷ磬ŮѽȻ϶֮סûġ
ӷ磬ʲô
ѳ׼ˣڳ˶ֵסܳܡ
𼱣
ֹס˻ѣ˵µġ
̫Σˣ
ٴһһ죬Ȼһǿޱȵķӷȫȥˣӷһûվȣ
ôܣ
ȫűѾͷҲ̫̬˰ɣ϶κβȥ
ô
ӷ˰Ѷͷϵĺ̫˼ˣ̫ǿˡ
˵ӷ磬ôڱϸо˺üֲͬ
ţѪֱǣֵҵһǡ
Ȼ˳ӷ۸ӵ⻹벻ѽɵ˭ģ
ӷ磬лֱ˵ɣǲǵ⣿
⣬Ȼ⣬һǺܴ⡣Ȼǡδ
˵ʲô
˶סˣӵų۸ӷ縸ӵ֣ټһԶɽҲ֣ΪҵôŽδ
ⲻܣҵŮôе˵
Сѣȱ𼤶ʵδҲǳҵģ£ھڤʱ֪ġ
ӷ磬˵һ㡣
Ҿ򵥵ķһ°ɡڣӵȴȫĴ˱Ѫ֮ڣղŽѪŻᱬǿֱǰֵʥʿҵʿнδĻƽʿ
ʿ
ΪǿʿȻȫۼ˱һ˵ڣ
˵ʥʿ޵еģʿӷ֮޵еģƽʿδҲǸ޵еĴڣôʿȫۼһ˵ڣˣɾôĴҵأ
û뵽ŮȻʿĽ塣·ˣ
ѵһŮδǾ޵еĴڣܲˡ
ɳӷȴһĿɬ˵СѣŮĻͼЦɡ
ʲô˼ԼŮ𣿡
ѽӷ磬̫ˣԼŮҲ䡣ϷĽ鲻ˬ
ʿȫۼһ˵ڣǾãǼ𣿱ˣʿȫͬĴڣеʥʿƽʿǰǳҵ棬ҲѾĶˡʿĵͳģͳһԼսʤ˵Ĵڡʿһ໥֮䣬Ͳƽʱں۷֮սǰֵĳ֣ˣȫѾڵʿɱˣ
˵Ҳ˵ʥʿƽʿʿ⣿
û׼ȷ˵ʥʿƽʿݲʿʿΪаĴڣһˣһսż
ǣ
һֱŵģ
ǵġ
ţҪȸл㣡Ϊʲôɱˣû֪ͨСѣ
ɱˣ
ɱˣһ겻ĺӣôɱˣ
ңҡ
ҪƭңʿڱڣҲ͵ΪаһѣضҪˡɱ˶ˣ
żɫһ˵˵ûȷɱˣɱģֹһʵ£С㵱ʱҲڳ
ż˵ĳС㣬ǳǳ
Ҳɱˣ
磬ҡ
ֱ˵˵͵ں
ǵġʱʽŵ£ǳУеļαȫɱˣǸʱǸպȥϴּ䣬һĻҶɵˡڱʱѾ侲ȻҲᱻɱġǸʱҲ֪ǴŮ뱨ץżڵҲҪκ֪Ǽ£һ£͸żһ𣬽Щɱȫյˣ
֣ΪڰǺǵʱ˵þŹù֪Źùܰѱүүȥ˵үүа취ڡû취ˣ
û취ʲô˼
СѣҪ׼
ʲô˼ѽӷ磬㵽ʲô˼ѳ׼ˡ
·һűڵභױ±
УǵŮѽ
Ǿֻеڶ·ˡ
ʲô·ֻҪסŮʲôԸ
˼ʲôˣҲʲôˣֻоŹùã
ңҪʲô
ŹùãΨһܱסķүүķ
ħ
ûħһҪΪŮħͷԶɱ¾ڵֻҪɱ¾ѹֱİǸʱ򣬱˵ңҰ֣үү̫үүǱĶˣΪʿΨһĴˣưԲ񷡣
ưԲ񷣬ңΪǿļ̳ˡ
ӷ磬СѣԼҪѡ·ǽһ·
ңҡ
һʱ˵Ȼ֪꾭ʲôȴһ㣬ңҪļ̳ˣ
ȻǶѾͷȽҰɡ
̨ϣ֪ʱֳһСѾͷСѾͷʮˡ

Ѿͷʲôʱģ֮ǿ󣬾ȻѾʥƷǿˣ

һȫˣȻӷװɺ˵ġ
ʱ֮䣬ʧˣվھưſڣס˵Ѿͷȴȥһʱ䣬ҪộǲҪܣߵ̺ˣٽ


1779 ӭү
ӷ׷ưʱѾӰˣѾͷֱӴűʧˣɳӷһҲġ
һôˣӷʮΪǿǺĹŵģǺӾްҹѪӾްҹǳ޵еתҲ˵ѪҺǺ嫻ҵģǾϹųһġ
ʵӾ㣬ӾʮҲھϹųһӾһڳ޵ת֮еѪҺѾˣ޵УҲȷʵ͡
˽δĺӾ㸸ӣעҪģʲô֪Ȼ˽δĶ飬ڳӷԣûν֪߲ˡ
֮һսδһսڻʽʼʱΪӷ绹Ҫ죬ҪãߣҲһ仰£Ƿ棬ҪȥһˣΪҪģȶĴͬʱӭسԶɽóԶɽ򣬳ӷŻӵķģŻбʤİա
Ůʲôطȥˣ
Ѵ󼱣ǿģǰڴô꣬ԯŮΪȻԽԯ磬ܶʱӷ綼ǳ
ˣѾͷѾǵŮˡʵҲǼ£ĥһŮɡ
ĥ˵ĺŮ겻ѽǸӤһӤȥĥǲǷˣ
Ҫ֪ҵŮҳҵԳ𣬾עڲͬʿۼһ˵ڣõ֤ڣҪģǶ뱬飬콫ĵͳͳǾǵŮܿסڵδɳ֮ǰͽᱻδĨɱҡ֮С
û֮ǰδ֣˻ȥ£δӵģ֪ѾͷǳӷŮӵʿʣδŹ򣬻ŹʱıɾͱȳӷӾ߱вˡԣӷѾΪԼսˣΪԼŮȥսŮǰвȫɨŮƽĳɳϣò˵ӷɱȳҪá
Ϊĸ׵ĻȻǲĵģɲʲô취ӷ綼ȥˣԼƾʲôȥϳӷ˵ҲûδԼŮһⶼûУڲκεвδɱʱԼŮҲ·һ
Ȼ˶ѾˣǾͲҪΪŮ˽ķˣҪȽүӸӭӻ
˵үүǰΪ˲þĴֹδѾʯˣ
ʲô
£һ֪ǳ֪
һ˵󾪣ʵΪʲôң
Źùãүү˵ġ
ŹùãûµġȻүү󷨻߱Ǿ˵үүûΣգֻҪڽδ֮ǰȥȳүүͿˡ
²˳٣ϳ֮󣬾Ǹսˡ
Ͼһ⹫Ƕ֪ΣҪһȥӭүүɽ
ư֮⣬ɻкܶණĳԱڵţڣǶѾ֪˳ӷݣҲֻλصľپЩȫϹ
ϣȺһҲΧʱʱо쾭Ӧ˱ˣЩһǶۻᣬƨҷš
پЩ˸ôãͽˡ֮ϸǣ
ǣ
һֱųӷ磬ǲ˵һ仰ˡ
ˣǸŮ˻ߣԺͽɡڻǱߣҸʺϵȥ
һ仰һɳ죬νȨƣҪκ˵ͬ⣬ҵͷˡ
ܳҲһɣһҹ֮䣬Ϊͷ㡣
ڶ죬ǣԼҴԺ
ոչ緹ʱ䣬ԵıǰҪԽүӴкҪȥˣȫ£е飬ҪͷܽУϯģѽ
֣ϰȥˣûҲϴڼȥүǱתתɣ߶߶á
үҡϣ̣Ų衣
ͷӣ˵ٴˣһģộ治ˡ
Ϸ˼ˣǼʮˣͷҪΪŮΪɷģҲŮ˵һְɣΪͥģҲŮ˵һͨ
ʱĿѽ˵ӷҳ֧̺ͻˡ
ڼﻹ棬ÿүᵽӷǷǳģͬЩүӣ˭Ҹүӱѽ⾩Ҳ˲˲ţֻҪһᵽԼҵСӣЩ֮㶼Ȼʧɫ
Ҫ֧ˣ⹫
ͻȻһӴԺ⴫飬Լһӣ˭ûǳӷ
ॡ
Ϸе룬ڵˤ飬үе̣ҲѾյˣһҲʹ
Խ˶סˣʧȥӸɷ꣬ôģĿֻ࣬Լ֪
һ̣Լһӣ·Ρ
Ŵ򿪣үǣ֪ԭԼΣˣԼĶӣԼԼĶӣĻˡ
ǳӷһˣ棬кܶˣƴţǣȫˡ
֪ͨȺϼһ˵Ǽӷˡ
˵죬ˣˣӷˣгҵˣԼҵˣǻƼҵȼˣȫ̵Ĵ֮£뿪йһֱϷ֮ضȥõģǸֲͬķɻԽҲѾкˣϺüңǽһδ󿼲죬εĿ죬ȴֻйˡ
Ϸһɽͼǳ۵ĵطȴǷǳĵطΪɽܶˣû˵ɽĴڣԶɽɽ֮С
ˣүүɽɽҰ޷ǳ࣬ҷǳ֮ͨ˽ȥûģԣ⹫裬ǻȰɣǽȥͺˡ
Խ⼸һֱʳӷȥʲôطӷҲû˿Ͼ֮Խġ
˳ӷľԽ춼·һƪùһԼĶӣȻȥһ򣬻ˣǸ򣬾Ȼǳס֮أʵ̫߱ɫˣлĻԼȥ
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Խ˵ͻȻ޴𶯲ˡ
ˣ
ǽδǿ󣡴ţϴү˵ȫĵطȥǿ
ǣ
˵ȫүү֮ڣýδƳһȱڣ


1780 δǿ
ԭޱȵĵʱ֮䣬󣬺ƣ԰֮ȫסˣֻе׵绮׵ʱʱڲͬɽۣ֮ɽе׵˵𻨣ʹɽĺܶطȼ˻棬ֻ֮˿ɽĲͬλӹȥʹ޴ּΪ֪ɽʱΪһɽ
ڻӿͬʱл˵ˮЩˮҲں̵ܶʱ֮ڣתΪһ޴ıΧÿһ䡣
˵ֻһֵĻԳӷڵΪԽ֮ڵȫɢǣⲻ֣Ϊġ˵δѾ˵һ𣬿һ㹥δΪҲ۷״̬㼯еֻΪھƳһȱڡ
Ȼ֮ǰб˾Ĵϣδǻ˺ܴĹɹҲѹ֣һԽ۷ı̬ڣһƽʿҪƳδѵʿһѵ顣
ڣʱ򣬳ӷѾص˵򣬽δҲһҵ˾Ĵĺλã֪ɽǾĴķ㣬Զɽɽ֮УֻҪԶɽˣǼдͲƣԣδβŻ᲻еȫӳƳȱڣɱԶɽ
ڵ֮ӷ绹֪Կ϶ǣ׾òǳصģ׾ҲһжֻҪ׾ǱжˣǱߵɢһ飬ӷаգ񷶦δֵ
ţپǼϴү˵ȫȥ֮ǰ˭Ҳܽ롣
ƴţҲʲôʱҲҪĳӷ磬ԽǵİȫΪҪġ
ڻƴţǴԽʱ̼Ѿӷվһ𣬳ڶǿߣҲѾڿƣ׼ʼֵδ
ʱӲƴȻвͨģֻнӷǿƣܹá
̣СǼȥүүλãʲô¶ùܡ
̵˵ͷүȫڻƴţǵıˣүǱΣյģһүӳ⣬Ĵһƣ磬ᱻδѪϴ
սѾʼ𣡡
ԯһɽ֮ϣ˵صĻƣѾϨ
ӷһתǿĿ磬ΧĻȫѹΧʯͷҲӷһߡ
ʱȥүү
ãԼСһ㡣
ʱյУһӰӰǽδ
ǰڳұֵһֻû뵽δôֳˡ
뵽ѽӷ磬뿪꣬ûȻһŮҵϷΧ֮⡣
еĽδ󣬻һƽƽǽδһߣҲ˵ҪδǾͱͨƽС
ӷЦ꣬ǰҾһǴ½ʱ䣬ֻˡһΣҲǴҵľӻģѾ֪ǰһС
ӷһָδ˵δ㵱ȡҳĻƽѪҳţһʱʵʣ죬Ҳ˰ɡ
ŶԭеһУ㶼֪ˡȻ֪ҵĻƽѪǴģȻ֪ǳˣ㻹ʲô
룿ҵǾ롣δ֮ʶ˺Ӿްҹ㺣벻Ӿްҹݰɡ
⻰ýδԾʵݣʲôݣ
棬㲻ˣ˵档ΪҳҵʦܸҸ㣬һУҳʦǰѾİźõġʵʶĺӾްҹǾϹųˣΪ޵С
޵УϹŵһ󽫣޵Уⲻܣ
˵滹ûԩ㣬ȡҳĻƽѪΣıȺ㾡ΣͷǱһŪڹ֮𡣳޵УҲǺӾްҹڶţҲһڸ㲻֮͵Ϯ㣬͸ҵưɡ
ܣں˵
δ³ŭˣһŭȻأƽʿ治һǿѽ
ӷ磬ΪʲôҪŭ
ףδղŵûô󣬿ڣԼǿ˺üɾͲҪӦˡ
ҪľЧǵȡǳȵģջһ㣬Ҳְɡҳ
Ѫͻ֣ӷ󣬳һǿĵǶǵ֮ڣӵ磬ͬʱҲӵĶħ⵽Ǹʲô
ɣδĸҵİɡգҲͣա
ӷȻԵȥȡδδոտʱֱӱɣڵ֮н
ӷ磬ɱ㡣
ҪɱңǾͿûˡ
ӷ˫ִһصķӡѪ⣬ڳӷǰ֣
ӷɹͣѪͬһ֧㣬ӳӷǰֱӳ˳ȥ
ĴҺ
ʱ䣬ͷ·ڳӷ緢һֹͣɽеĻƣǿߵĲ֣еƣϽδĻӰƽ󣬳ӷպþʹӽδԱ֮ڣƣֱ򣬽棬γһΪΨּΪ顢ѪĻ档


1781 ľ忪
ӷһ£׾Ǳ̶Ժ嫴˽
ҪͻƾĴûӷĵͷǰδ˵ʵߵ֮⣬ͬˣӷӾǴ½ҵļ˾ĴŪԲں֮£ԶԶ˺Ĵǳӷڻδ͸ĵ伮У޷ĵ伮ڵĶڻͨҲҪȻصˣֱӴžĴͿδԿ
δǱߣϾ۷ǿߣŮ洸֣׾Ǳ߹Ҳ˶٣۷ǿߣԽĴˣҲ˵ӷߣҪͣȥսδֻĸŮŻὫǵںڽδϣ޷ȥ׾öԿ
󣬷·ʣҪƵģ̵ˣֵĻҲûУΨһģǸϽȥҵԶɽԶɽΪԭ۷徳磬ֻΪΪס˳ӷЦѵԪ񣬲Żģ͵ģάžĴ󣬳ԶɽΪѾǰˡˣӷĲ񷶦һõģã޸κһУֻҪʵ㹻޸һ綼⣬ҪԶɽָڵĽ׶ΣҪ޸һ׵ĶɡҲ˵ֻҪԶɽɽǳӷͿԶɽ޸Ϊָ۷ľ磬ǸʱҲͲҪȥĴˣгԶɽ׾ӦĸŮ洣ӷԸһδֱӳ嫴һУͻΪ
֮ǰӷҪ֤Ĵ󲻱δƣڳԶɽɽ֮ǰƣȡʤ
ͣŽδڽδĺ󷽣ϵۼóӷ¶ЦüһȻмˣӾްҹǸǵѡѽ
ڳӷδԿͬʱڵһϲɽľأǰӷһص˵Ҳûκ˷»ġ
ûУضҪһˣӷδĴսѾʼˡ
ľƿӣƿڶ⣬ľش˵
㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪҴطҵ£ҵأ
㻹Ҫ£ǳ˵ѽ
ľûȥҲѾǷŭˣҲ֪ԼļôˣʱԼȴѾھǴ½ңԶ֮⡣
ϷңҪȥ
󺰴ţһƿ˿϶ûˣҲˡ
㻹ȥ棬ʵ̫ˡΪڻȥʲôҸ㣬ļˣѾȫӷɱһ
ʲô˵ʲô
û˵ļңѾӷˣĸף㣬ȫˡ

ʹŭʱľض˵ʱֻյǵѣǵ壬ҲûҲ˵ڳӷͳһ˾Ǵ½֮Ѿˣڵ㣬ֻһλҰܱģҲ꣬һ˵ǿǿ˵ҲСˡ
˵ʲôҵ屻ӷˣ쵰ӷ磬Ҫɱ㡣
ľҲ֪ʲôļұӷȻǺ˵ģڵļңȫھĴڣڰ׾õĴ£ء壬ӷûȥңҲҲΪӷͲ֪Ѿľظסˣ
ľؼ˵ķŭѾ˼ޣϵʽЦӷ磬ҪЦ
ʱˣһķŭѾȫ˳ԼҪģЧ
ľؽеƿӶ˵ϣһƿͬʱˣ꣬Ȼƿڳ˳
ӷ磬Ҫɱ㡭
ӷ磬ҪʬΡ
꣬ʱۼǿС棬Ϊ⣬ֱӳӷڵķȥ֮еһУȫ١
Ͱź˵ģʵû취ˣһУֻܿǲǻǰˡ
ľԼؿڣؿȻһʹˣʼ֡
ʱ䣬ĵңʱ뿪Զʧǧΰҵ𣡡
ľ˿ҲգҲͦõģʱ䣬ߵһŵһУȫΪһˡ죬ˣѾɳˣѾˣҲҹ˵ʱˣ
޵ˡ
ľأеȫ˳ǿĺڰԪأΧγһ޴ԲΣ
ʱ䣬εתεֲͬݡ˾Ϲһ󽫳޵УҲǻʼʺӾްҹͬʱձɽľءΪ㣬ӷ磬һУΪ㣬ڣѾҪˣҲʱ뿪ˡ
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ľأǺӾްҹǳ޵С
ľصǰȻһ涴Ȼʱδڵ򿪵Ǹͬģǡռڣ
ľؾȻԱΪռڴˣǲ˵ҪȥߣҪӭسۣ
ʱľû뵽ռ֮ڣȻһޱǿֱӴӺռ˳
ľһɵȥۡһһѪ˳
ʥɭʥʿռܣںռ䷢ʲô£Ϊʲôռܶˣ
áըһ̼ͻᱻըɷ飡
ľڹܲôˣӷ绹ڵһԼŬͰ׷ˣʦļƻҲͻȫʧܣ
֮ţұգ
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ռǹرˣľȴǿĲ˵ɳȥľ룬˶֪ʲôطȥˣ£Ǿһѽ


1782 ƹض
̸ǼŮˣ˳ӷδԿʱѾһɽۣ֮
ۿȥʲôûУ˫ķӡΧһƳֻǰһɽ
ɽǳԶɽʯ֮أ˳Զɽ֮⣬⼸ˣȫǳҵˣȴǲΪ֪Ĵڡ뵱꣬ӷ缸˽ԶɽõҪǳҵļλҲǳԶɽļֵܣӷ缸ʵӷҲǸʱġ
ӷ磬Ѿҵүүʯõĵطˡ
̷ӷǱߺȥ
ӷȻͷ֮еĽδҲо˾Ĵڶʱ֤ǲ֮˵ϢѾˡ
û̽ƳھĴ赲֮£˵ʵڻδҲԶɽڣ̽ҵĽƳδѾо˳Զɽڵλá
ˡ
꣬δΪƾĴʶѰ˳Զɽʱ䣬ҪֱӽԶɽ֮˸ɱĴͲˡǣǰܽδþʲôεֶΣҲԶɽڵλá
죬ԶɽǳˣֻҪڳӷ绽֮ǰɱǾĴҲ֮ƽ⣬嫴Ϳɱˡ
Ҫȥȹء
ӷŭһУͻȻ⣬Щ⣬ȫǻӰҲ˵Ǳһϸֵ棬޷ͻϣ޷֮ڡ
ӣˡ
ⲻǰ׾ľĴͬʱҲк嫴⣬ƽҹеǳ·ҪЩĳ֣ͨǿġ
Ҹֵסǡ
ǡ
δϳĸŮ洵ԭڳ֣֮ȴֱδָһЩˣۼʹĳӷĵڶʱ֮䣬ʼ
ӣȥǲеġĵȻǿ󣬿ɵ˵ҲԴԴϵģ취˵յǾֻжϿ򣬾ܾ˵Ľ
׾õӰʾòʹĺܶ˶ΪԾ
һ˭ѽѵǳӷһǿ
ʱ˭ʱȥʣδʵǿޱȣӷ粻ܽȫյ
׾ãŴҾۼ
ǡ
׾˫ִӡͻأɽΧʱ˾ŵͬɫĹâ
ǣ¶Са׾ãǵСȫںϽǵ֮ڣҪδ׾ãҲ׼δʱûƽʿռܣҪƽ⣬ֻҪĵ伮ˡ
ǡ
Ŵȫ֣ĸߵȫ˾Ŵеİ֮ڣַĹ룬ûܵĴֹϾǾĴǾŴȫϹųģͬһأȻͲ˿ĸš
ӷ磬ԾŴԸңӦ˰ɡΪŴܶԸ𣿾㻽ĵ伮Σĸߣôĵ伮еļҶԿ
δǰѾʶĵ伮ˣǵȡϹŹĸĻƽѪȻ֪ʱϹŹĸڻѪ֮ǰʿʿռܣȫھĵ伮֮ϣʩչ֮Ҳƽ֮Ҫþĵ伮еռܣǾͱ뼯ϾŴΪԿף⣬оŴ֮ΪӲŰĵġ
Ŀǰ˵ӷȻѾۼ˾Ŵȴֻҵĸߣǲܵõĵ伮ϵռܵģ˵ƽˣ
ŴɽΧޱȾ޴󣬰׾˵ҲѾȫ˸Ǵ֮ڣ֮ѣ֮ɣ֮Ӳ֮İչֳҲΪǿġ֮ԶԶӵ֮˵İˡ
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ͻȻǱߵɽ֮ϣǿ𶯣ʹɽ嶼˿
δЦӷޣΪԶɽӦǸоϾҪƹضˣһƹأǾĴҲˡ
ӣүүǸовԼҪǰˡ
ӷûȥδԣֹүүƹء
ֹ
ǵΪһǧɸԶɽȣҲǴġԶɽӲҪƹضĻֹˡ
УүүѾˣ

һǿҵ⣬ɽгֱӳʣУγһδ׾һĻӰ
ϷڵȵһˣҲʱˡ


1783 ƣƽ
үү
ӷȻ󾪣δǲΪ֪ɽУӭүүԶɽģɽδǿӲǳӷûϵģҲ벻Զɽоʱ򣬾ȻгˣһأĴ󣬾͵ڲƣ֮ĺ嫴ʱˡ
޴ӰУ겻ԶɽԵĸӵĲϣΪҲ࣡
ȫάžĴ˵ʵ۷ĳǿߣǼֲסģοԶɽΪ˱סЦѵԪΪѾȥͲ۷ľˡ
ʱ˿̣˭ģϸӷվһ𣬺嫴ʱսȴĴսϣҪʼˡ

ɽۣ֮һǳʣȻֱӳ˳ӷڵλã̵ˣҲͬһʱ䣬سӷߡ

ɣ縺˵ϣ˽죬⵨ӣϣ䵽˳ӷϣԼӣѾ㹻ʸ񣬺ˡ
ӷ磬үүڵȵˡ
ԶɽȥǸǰǰ࣬ǳҵλֻ߳ƣѾɢ˵ʱܱ䣬ţʱ䣬Զɽڳһͨ˽Ƿµƽ̨
үү̫ˡѾûˣڣ嫴δѾɱ˵硣
ӷЦԼүүƽȻǼֵø˵飬ڸ֮ڣҲҪ룬ʲô
˵֣ʱǸô죿ĴѾʧˣδΪԶԶ֮ϣֲڣǡ
Զɽһֹס˵߹ٴˣΣʱܼһԼˣǾ͵һ롣ڣӷΪѾϾ磬ң棬ǺĴͬʱӷ
үүȷҴӾڤĴֻߵ۷ǿֻһδǱ
۷壬㲻ҲȻǵһ죬ȴԸ۷忹⡣
ʲô˼ѵҪԼ׾ԸδģŮǳӷһʤ㶼ûѽ
δͽүүˡ
ʲô
ӷһ㶣˵үүδǻƽʿʿ֮һĴڣ

ͻأԶɽڣǿͲҪӷðΪΪȻ϶죬ֱӾ۷ľ硣
ô£ΪʲôԶɽΪԼֱָӽԭеľ硣
Ȼóӷ벻黹ڷԶɽΪֻͣ۷ľ磬ڳԶɽͷͻȻһ޴ǻӰγɵģȴ͸һӷ񷶦ڵľĽϣҪһࡣ
ǡ
ڳԶɽϿղϵţͬʱɽļͬλãֳ˼ǼǲڳԶɽȴȫ˹Զɽһ
λֵܣǾһɣңүˡ
Զɽֵܵʱ˳Զɽڣӣǳ⼸Լеȫ˳ԶɽʹĳԶɽΪǻָ۷ľ磬һ̣ȻгԽ۷ơ
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ڳԶɽӷ磬޷Զɽ̫ȥʱǲϣѾʧΣ⣬ȫɽϿգۿȥ޷ж١
ɽΪδź嫴һͬʱ׾ҲžĴ䵽һ˫ƫƧɽ֮Уʼԡ
ž
ֻԶɽʱһָ֮䣬⣬ۼڳԶɽЩ⣬ȫ˳ԶɽϣֻԶɽϣȻһףףȻδһġ
Զɽı仯δǱߵĳĵˣȫ
ôܣ
ôһ
δ֪ôһ£˵Ϻ꣬ôҲС
δãƽʿһ𣿡
ԶɽϴŵģǻƽףδĻƽףһģһģгеĻƽ󽣣δĻƽҲһģˣ벻飬Լˣӷڣ벻ģ
ԶɽȻҲǻƽʿ
ƽʿôϹŹĸѪǱδȡΪʲôүүҲǻƽʿ
ӷ벻ͨΪʲôͻȻƽʿһǵˣһԼүүҲ̫˵ɣ˵ƽʿĻʥʿʿ᲻ҲܣôܣƽʿĴڣһǷʲô⣡ѵǵϹŹĸΪƽѪʱδûȫƽѪȡȥһڳҳԱڣԴ˴ģֻֽͣ˵ԶɽΪʲôҲǻƽʿͬʱӷҲףΪʲôԼŮڻͬʱӵʿˣԼԼĸףԼүүûһ
ӷ磬㻹ʲôϴսף汦飬ؼһսˡʵ֤үүҲ֤ںռۿǳҵĺ
ӷϣڳЦݣǿЦҲЦ
ԭΪĴʱƣԼûκαҪȡʤ񣬳ԶɽȻҲǻƽʿˣ
á鱦ҳսף汦飬
δĳӷүһδѵʿһƽʿȻ֪Զɽƽʿô£ɼȻѾ˻ƽףΪҲ̼䳬Խ۷徳磬˻ƽʿǾ;ԲǼٵġ
ңʿֻһǿʥʿʤ˭˵ء
ԶɽֻϺ꣬ȻôãôҲգ죬Ҿ֪˭Ļƽʿһ޶Ļƽʿ


1784 ս
ȫλɽһҲδֻгĸŮ˽δ󡣶ĴڱߣѾ˻ȥڻǳֵʱ򣬾ŴҲѾӷջأ׾øӷվһ𣬳ԶɽһƽףԽδƽսʿ
ƽʿһϵģһٵģһеģһŮģ˭ΪڵǸսõ֤
ӷ֪ǳԶɽ˶Ļƽʿ֮ڣʯˣǳص̼䣬ΪֱӳԽ϶쾳磬δҲǳصģ֮ڣһֱڽ˵û˿˲ϣԶɽǳԿ
ӷ뻹ҪԶɽһѣѾֱ˳ԶɽС֮ڡ
ʱ֮䣬ԶɽֻоԼʱ֮ǰȻһεģԼڵСڵȴʮȶ̶ͬһ㣬û˿
ӷ磬û뵽Ȼӵ
үүδʱδȻܹչڣȻĵƵģǧҪעˡ
ѽδˣΪʲôʻģҪƬ棬˵ڽδһʲôǶʣɻġ
ţүүףսүүֻǸʹ󣬻Ҫʰо֣ôүүȰ㶥һ°ɣٶȣŮ洣Ҫǳҵͽ
ͽڳıѳҵǿ𣬾ѾעУֻǸʱˡ
Զɽ˵ϻ죬ҪԭҵһУȫ
Ŀųӷսףõ汦飬ɵ˵û뵽Ȼˡ
ģ˽죬ѵ㻹Ϊɱ𣿽ʱͬˣڶʱ޷ɱδȴǴ´ࡣ
䣬ӷҲĸͽϻֱȥ־Ĺ˹ȥ
׾ãһˡ
ӷѾ֣δҪڵһʱ䣬ӷҲ֪ҷ棬Ĵĺģǳӷ磬ǳԶɽҲǻƽʿҪӷǲģ˵ʿȫѵĻǾƽʿټһʥʿһѹƵסʿˣӷʿĻ֮⣬ͬʱǲ֮ĵĻǲ񷶦ࡣ

Զɽýδʱ򿿽ӷ磬ڳӷɵĸŮ֮ǰԶɽþһֶΣδ赲ҪɱֻҪʱͿˡ
°ɡƽѹ
ͻأڳԶɽͷһδһĻƽʵⱦǻƽʿڱ֮ڣۼŻƽʿδУԶɽȻҲǻƽʿҲС
ԶɽһʼԻƽԼ·δĻƽ˹
޴Ļƽʱһ
¡һ޴𶯣ʹɽζ
ȫˡ
һսԼЩֵܵסģǲԽԼȫɵɵΪʸս
˵оˣ׷ɱȥ
Ӿ㸸嫴ĴѾʼˣȻǲܵţҲܴ׷ɱȥڽδҵ֮ǰȽӷһľӸ
˫ȫͬһȥԶɽҲ֪ܵʲôطȥˣӷҲûʱȥǱߣǶܸ㶨ģԼҪŴĵ伮֮ǰǼҲҪ
Ǽ˫ȫͬһȥ֪κãֻӷ鷳ȥĴǱߣҵĴǱ߽Ƚ嫴
ԯҲȥ
á
̣ߣܴˡ
ڳ뿪ʱͻȻյһǿ⣬ɽ߳
ʲô
̻׷ǧɣѾʼ׼ӭˡ
ǿɱߵΪȻҲ϶ǿߡ
£ˣһĵСۼγɵӰˣûʵġ
ӷ磬Ҫɱ㡣
ӷĶϣû뵽ؼʱ̣ԭھǴ½ļһȻ˵硣
˵ļҵ֪ǱľƭˣôɣļҵˣѾžĴڱĵط嫴սͼǵӰ
ôڵ򣿡
ӷ磬˵ϻ壬ҽҪͬ꣬С棬һˣ
ӷ磬ţҪѪծѪ
ģʲôʲôѽʱҵĵĻҲڣû壬ҲܻỹС档͸˵ˣԼʲôʱˣļ壬ȫΪ³ĳԱУ׷ʲô£


1785 
ǲǻĲͷˣ
ӷĽ֮һ嵽˳ӷǰۼСȫ˳ӣǴӷͬھˡ
ʵľץסص㣬ںļˣȻʱʱͲΪļҵĹϵʹҶˡϵ֮ӣ֮ĶӣǸν򣬶ӣںģҲ壬һؼ֮Դ塣
ڣľȴΪںĶȫӷִǳ᲻ӷƴ
ʵľʲôע⣬û֪ǳ޵УǺӾްҹһֱǺӾްҹľأǳӷĵˣڰݺųӷ磬ò˵ûкӾްҹľسӷԣʹӷʮ¶ĻҲͲнĳˡҲǰʦҪĽһɳļһԶԶһҰҰ紵
ľΪʲôҪ˵ôĻԣʹҪӷƴأʱ򣬳ӷѾδˣҲζǸǰ࣬ʱ򣬲ΪһУȫȫվڳӷΪʲôҪ
ľʲôע⣬ôˣǺռַʲô£Щӷ粻֪Ҳ֪ΪΪҪģǽδԼ
ļͻСǣס˳ӷ磬ֵʱ
Ů洣Էһӷͽˡ
ԼԸɣǸŮˣڻ¡
ȻѾ˳ңô˵ҲǳҵˣȳӷҪܶǳӷĳҲΪ죬ӷ粻Ҫĳ״ӳҳͬʱҲҪڵѪҺͳͳȥûʸӵгѪҺ
ļһҹԶ㡣
ӷһˣ˫֣ҪԸģͲܸ˽۷ǿߣɳӷŵһ죬Ȿ֮Ѿкܴˣʱټһģһģǳӷ绹һնûС
ӷ磬ȫ壬ҽƴˡ
ǲǷˣ֮ǰ㣬ǿϣٸôĻͱҲ
ٷϻɣƴغơ
ɱ
Сġ
ɲɵϣ֪һ˵ǶԸ˳ӷģҪȻʶǿߣҲֵܳĻǾٺòˡ
ͻȻоޱǿϷѹȻԶԶԼȻ̧ͷһƽ׵ʿϿжԾ
ѵǴ˵еĻƽʿ
ƽʿңΧ۷徳ĳǿߣڣŷӦԼʲôطΪʲôӵôǿߡ
ɽ֮ϣδߵĳƣ̸ԯȥ
ӷ޷һ֮ԿǿߣڣǱҪûļһֵסӷʱһĶԸġ
ӷ磬ˡ
Źùãһϵ죬һǵ죬ǵĶ֡ߡ
Уټء
̣ȫ˹Խ뿪ɽĻƴţµˣҲȫ˻ǲܶ³ӷԸսˣʱ䣬ɲǰװģÿһ˵Ϊ䲻ܸӷȣ˹ؼʱ̣Ҳһá
磬һͽˡ
ƴţһʱ˫ȭڵΪʩչߵֶΣҲһ漣ˡ
ǽ󣬶ʱ֮䣬ͽǣסˡ
ӷԼѾ޷ƳˣϷԶɽҲ֧Ų˶ãδΪƽʿѪɲǼٵġ
Ҫ죬ҪڳԶɽ½֮ǰĸŮ洸лδһս
ս
ӷʩչڳĸŮ˫ͣĴš
׾öʱ˳ӷ˼ҪģͬһʱԸĸŮӷ׾֣һ۷壬һǵһ죬ȴӵ񷶦໥ŶԵУõ˷ֲԼ·̵ʱڣģŮ洸
ӷ֮Ů洵ǰһƣͳŮ洴˹ȥ
㱾ҳսߣȴͶ˽δҲǸͽ
ѽŮ洣ǳѡģ׵񣬵ȴδıˣãǸʱӾްҹҲ׼£ҲǺӾްҹʹŮڵ֮г˯İɣֱӷǧֹȥѰҵʯŽŮų
ңѾǰĳˡĻ˵£ǳңעҪ
ǾͿ˭ɡ
ӷ֣񽣳С
۵ʥ
ûʥ죬Ҿеĵ񽣣ͽĵһ񣬶еŮӴˣΪĴ˵һȥʽĴ˵


1786 
ӷ׾õĽսʹŮ洸ĸ޷˭˭ӷϰ׾úٶȣ໥֮Ĭͷ·ͨƵģıΪǳӷ磬ϣǿĺڰԪأʱڳĽڰԪػ֮󣬳ӷٷһǿĹԪأѪԪأӷ絽ڻûãϾڻߣδߵ˸ͻ֪ӷ紴һȫµԪأѪԪأҲԸһԣ֮ǰӷǲõġ
ͬϵĿˣڰĽϣɢĸŮ洸ӷ׾õı߶ʱĳӷ׾ãҲûʽҵ˵ķΪԼҪʱǷΪԼη岻ҳֵʱһԽĸŮͬʱʡ˲ٵʱ䡣
ӷ׾ѾҵȡʤķǱ߾Ͳͬˡ
ʱ䣬ÿһ˵Ϊĺܿ죬ϳӷǰʱ䴫ͻĵҩÿһ˵ΪԭĻּһ㡣
ǵΪٸߣ϶쾳ĳǿߣҲǱɱĻɫÿһ˶ӷųѪ޷սʤĲ񷣬˵ΣյģһУɾ·һ
ӷûϵ㣬˵ӷΪû֮£ͷӲ̫ͬǼ֣Ӯٿڶʱ֮ڽǣסֻҪôӵʱ䣬ӷߵǿ߹Уܽһˡ
ǣغȻ֮УһͨĿӣǿ֮Դ·ӿ룬ûȥ֮Դⴿ֮Դκ˶޷ȡģͬһκ˵ڣǾ·һ
Ȼģغۼ֮ԴΪһֹ͵ģʽչ˽
غھǴ½ãΪǸط޵֮Դڵ磬̫ˣҲǸо㣬ԣȫȫϿƳһȱڣҲֻϾ磬Ҫ쾳ĳǿ߲Űĵ
Сѣ졣
̼Ǵ֮Դֱӳѹȥ֮£ΪǸ̫߳࣬κһˣ޷ȥġ
ԭҪӷģȻ˵·ǾЩ·ͳͳɱɡ
ѼǿԼ㣬ܣҲֻվԭط
ƴţ״̳ѣһǿĳȻѸǧľ롣
顭һѱƴţұϣѪʱ򣬻ĻܵԼƴţղŵľٶǳԼҪȻѵġ
ţ
ѵ˴󺰳ƴţȻҲһҲη壬ǿ֮ԴȻ˫˿³ɹͣǿ֮Դ󺰵ģӷɣӽһüͷͲǻƴţ
ƴţӢ£˭֪ҲǸǳ嶯ļһ죬ɲǳ嶯һָоһʶʹòԼ׽ΣգѵΪܵܵĻƴţۿŽȥˣǾԲܵģƼңҲûث֣ǻѣ˵ˣҲֻƴţ飬һѡ
Ƽңʮǳȭ
ʮǳȭǻƼҵľѧڹһ࣬ƴţȻıΪһԴⲻò˵ѾǻƴţĽˡ
ǼҲ֪ûƴţһȥΣʱ֮䣬ˣȫ˻ƴţ󣬾ۼ˵˻ƴţڣҪֵ
Ȼʱ򣬵һӣʹǿִ֮ԴһķûֱӳƴţǣǳӷǱ߳˹ȥ
ҲûҪŹƴţǣһָָϣһ޴ĹââΪΣѹ˻ƴţˡ
ȫ
ʱϿյĳԶɽͻȻ˻ƴţǰ˵ǲǵֵסｻϷˣˣϸϷˡ
үӣǲߵġ
ԶɽһͽƳˣ漴Գ˵ϴߣ鲻ǹˡ
֣ǰʲôģɽ죬ҲġΪÿһˣǸӷѣӷѣǲ뿪ģҪҴߣҲ첻
㡭
Ϻ꣬죬һҲܡͳͳ°ɡ
ãƽ֮ŮˣѾʼˣ
ԶɽڽļδѾ˳ԣһԶɽԵֵס
ֵ֣
ûõģŮˣǵȡǳĻƽѪΪڵѾǰˣ͵ֵס
ѵһ취û𣿡
ǣʥ򣬸͵ֵס
ʥʥʿʥ
үүӷŮӵʥ˵
ʲôŮ
ûӷ粻ڵڣСѸ˸Ůڻӵʿ
ʿôܣ
ǲģ
ġѾͷҲκãڳҲֵܵĹδ겻ĺӣʲô
ԶɽͻȻһЦû뵽ѽϷչؿ꣬Ȼ˸Ů
Ϻ꣬һŮҲûã죬ճģˣȫҪûʥʿ˭Ҳ赲ҡ
δذɡ
ԶɽӰһ˻˵ֻҪһʥڣͿԿס㡣ҶӲڣӱͽסˣǣŮĸȴڡ
ԶɽԻʵѾͷʲô֣
үүǻưŮ
ǵˣղŲҪСӣܵܰɣ
ǵģС
ˣڲ˵ЩʱŮĸףŮӵʿҲ˵Ů֮ĸ֮ڣһʿڣҪڵʥƳͬʱҲὫ֮Ļƽ֮һգڶԸǸŮˡ
ʿүүô˵ɡ
̣ʹ࣬ԣһҪסţҳҵϱһԣһҪǿΪӷ磬ҲΪŮѾͷסˡƽǶ


1787 
ѵؿ˸ֲͬɫĹâ⣬ڹ⣬⣬ֹâʿӵ߱ЧڻڵֹâǺǿңһֵģɴ˿ɼֻһĲˣڻѵڣκεãʱţʧġϾֻǳҸĸףĸڲųҸ֮ⶡõġ
񣬳ӷ׾ڶԸĸŮ洣Ҫо԰յ֮£ӷ׾òܷһĸŮȫɱδߣԶɽҪľˣԽδΪƽʿĶȻʯĳԶɽǺܳԿģڣԶɽҪлסδȻУΨһܿƻƽʿֻʥʿʿˣʿڲܻѣôʥʿʥΨһϣ
ԶɽԱʣ޼һƽ֮ʱѹγɵʹ޷һ֮ڲܶһ£һڣ뽫ڵƳҲ˵Žδ޴вʱܽԶɽˣͳͳɱ
Щ˵ΪнԽδȽɫȽɫǱɱĴڣԣս֮ϣǸ𲻵κεã˵Ӧ뿪ˣȥĴ嫴ǱߵĶԾ·ɳӷΣҲδһսʣǿܻ뿪𣿾Բܡ
ƴţδѾ˹Ѿصĵز磬ȫƴţӴģֱӾԶɽɽǰһ
¡¡һ
ƴţˣԭأһҲһȫɵۣδ׵һУƴţˣѾʧˡ
ţ
ţֵܡ
ƴţҪģɱˣ֮ǰҲ뵽Լ³ﲻ˳ӷ磬٣ΪӷȥΪӷȡʱ䡣

ǰһ̣ƴţһЦЦĳӷһʹȻתֻ֮ƴţˣѾʧˡ
ûһ仰һԶûУʱһθƴţʱӷ绹ƴţ˳ͻ֮ͳΪ˺ֵܣ
ÿһγӷΣգƴţڳӷߣңԶǰһ
һ磬ģѾԶԶֹôˣڳӷУƴţǼԼˣԼеģ顣
ڣƴţδһɱӦ˵һжûֻǻƽʿĻƽ֮ƴţˣѾ뿪磬ʧӰˣӷŭҲȥȥ󺰵δɱֵܡҪʬΡ
ţţˣ
ƴţУԶǲĴڣǻƴţǻƴţԸǿޱȣȭͷԶȵҪӲɽ죬ƴţˣ
Ŵҳ׾ã׼ĵ伮
Уڻʱ򡣾ĵ伮û⼸ߣ伮ڵռܣҲǵòġ
òռܣҲƽⲻ˻ƽʿռܣô
ҵֵܣܰλԲסˡˣүүڣȫ뿪׾ãˣؾǴ½
ؾǴ½ð׾ô˻ȥʲô˼ӷҪʲôѵ롭
ʱ򣬳ԶɽѾڵ֮ˣƽ֮ԶɽգʥʿʥѾӻڽѳž޴ʹ࣬ϣģҲǳʹࡣƴţǻѵ׵ܵܣǻƼҵһ̳ˣû뵽һΡ
ţ㲻
ѾͷоڷĻˣ
̼һԶɽ̳˹ȥƴţһ˳Զɽǰ
̣þŹù
ţѾˣǣˡҪĻɣ
ڣÿһģѽҪɾʹҵǾͱضҪ˭ȥأ˵ʵÿһˣһֹ٣Ȼһֽѣڲ֮ͬ£Ųͬ塣
죬ҪͬҲҪۣǳصĴۡ
ѽ
ӷŭһʱ֮䣬أ˺ɫĹâͬʱ֮⣬ޱǿĺڹ⿪ʼۼЩڹ⣬ȫа
һԾ֮ʱΧĺڹ⣬Ǵ󾪵Ϣ
⣬Ҫˡڻʿ
ȥֹӣȻеҪˣƬ棬ᱻġ
ˣ
ǿϢڶʱ֮תΪ˭ܹȥֹġ
̵ȫţǽδһС֣Ѿ̵˼ޣţ͸ղŵĻƴţһˣʧ
Сѣչ˺ӷ磬սˣǾ͸ӷһ뿪磬ԶҪˣ
Ҫ̣㲻

ڵĻƽ֮ȫƳԶɽգһУѾ̫ˡ
ӷŮˣҪ㣡
δɱϱϷҪ
Ϻ꣬Ķ̫ˡѾͷҲȥɡ
ѾǻȥˣԽδɱڣҲֻ
ˣǰһĻƴţѣ̣ȫδɱˣӷǱߣˣڲű仯
ãʿ
֣ȱؽδֹӷ磬Ѿˣڻʿ
ӷ磬ɵ£ǻû䡣
үүǿߡɱ̣ɱСѣɱ˴ţ죬ҪһΡ
׾ҲǺΣҪȥֹʿֹ
ʱ򣬰׾õΧ˾ŴâŴȫˡ
ô
Ŵֻ֣ӵǵĴŻᷢΪǿҵĹâ񣬾ŴȫǿҵĹâ
ѵߣҲ𣿡
׾÷·ʱϣԺУҲ·뵽ʲôƵġ
ͻȻ䣬׾úӣûû
û
׾ǰȫ֮ѹסӷ磬˵ֵܣŮˣûղžĵ伮Ѿʾԭȫߣ
ʲô˵ţ̸Сѣߣ
ûȻʧˣ֮𣬳֮к֮ӥۡΪһ壬Ҳ֤ߣȫµӣϿĵ伮ĵ伮õ޸С棬


1788 ͬ
̣ƴţѣˣȻߣӷ绹û뵽ѽҪ֪ɶǵˣȴϹľŴйϵѵҲǳʦƺõ
ʱ򣬰׾þԲЦӷҲòţŵĻˣС涼ѾˣԼ޸ȴûѽ
ڵѹȥڻļһĻʿѣƬȫۼӷһжѾˡ
ԾŴ
ӷ׾ȥĸŮҲʱ򣬲ϵĽĳӷ׾ãһ㻹ضûС
׾ûһڹ⣬ա
δ׾ɢ˵ϤǰѾԹˣýδҲǴΪԾġ
ĵ伮û뵽ССħޣȻǾĵ伮ģһдۣδĵ伮֮ǰóӷ翪ĵ伮
ǣˡ
ԶɽղҲѾ˰׾õĻĵ伮ԼңŰ벿û뵽벿ѾΪһˣӦ˵ǰˡ
ӷ磬ϾۼŴĵ伮Ծĵ伮еͳͳɱ
ĵ伮ӵŶԶɽȻ벿ĵ伮ڳô꣬ǳԶɽۣҲӰ벿ĵ伮ϵõٵĺô죬ĵ伮֣һδͲΪˣԶɽҲҪʲôˡ
ŴȫۼϷ׾ĺڹΧڹ⣬Ҳʱ򣬱仯ΪѪ⣬ǿҵѪ⣬·Ūסأĵ伮Ҳʱչֳ
ӷ˫ִһӡ棬뿪ĵ伮ɡ
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ؼ䣬ǿҵ𶯣ͼԶǸС¶лΪ˹һɼƵģûʾʵ壬ʽֱӾͽ֮ڣΪһ塣
ͬʱĵ伮֮ڣһ׹⣬ǰ׾δõӾްҹ֮ǰȫ˰֮֮ڡ
ĴѾӳΪ޵ɽĴĵ伮ڣ
ʱˡ׾ãԾĵ伮
Ѿ仯Ϊĵ伮İ׾ã鱾һҳǺ֮ӥۣ֮֮ųǿȫδǱ߳˹ȥ
δۼѾ֪ӷʲôˡ
ԭղߡӷ磬ӣǸ棬ѽ֮飬ϣҽδϲµһжڳʦôǵôһ仰ƻԶϲϱ仯ֻҪڣ𡣡
ԶɽδǻƽϷûδҲ̫˰ɣ
ҵϺ꣬һһˡʦֻϺٻ׼֮飬Զɽȴ磬ͬƬ棬֮֡
˭˭֪ءδаɡ
ԶɽȫΪһ޴Ľ򣬴϶£δѹңƽԶɽһ
ռܣƽ죡Զɽû뵽㻹Ҫˡ
ƽʿռܣƽ죬һͬھļܣǽδһʱʹãû뵽Զɽڣԥˡ
Ǭ
δ¶ϣȫĽ⣬γһĳԶɽԡ
ӷ˳Զɽǣס˽δĵ伮ۼΪһ㡣
ʱͬԪأھĵ伮ٱ仯ΪΣˣ̣ƴţѣֻڵκϢΪ֮ǰС涼δˣӷҪȽǵС޸֮ǰҪԾĵ伮ȫµϢ
׾ãϽµϢ뵽ǵȥ
ãֻҪ׼ҹµϢ֮޸ǵСͺˣ£Ҫϵ޷죬ܳκεʧǻǻģ𡣡
Щǰ׾ôӾĵ伮õʾӣҪҲǼ򵥵ѽ
ʲôܣ⣬ǶҪɱӷ磬ʱ򣬸պֵʱ
Ů洣϶֣ӷɱ
Ů洵˵ͷһ˵Ҳǳӷĵ˰ɡ죬ǾһΣ
û˿ķϻͬʱ˵һ֡
Ҫ֣Ҳô׵ģΪսĸŮ洵һ𣬳ӷȥʱĸ˵ûֱӹӷ磬֪ΪʲôͻȻת䡣
顭һͻȻĶ˵ָ˿Ķ˵
ʲô˼
Ů洴ŭҲĪΪǸ޷ȥԼˣ˵˵ǱʲôסƵģǱѾɼˣ
ͬһʱ䣬ӷѾãĵ伮Ѿ˹ȫµϢӷҲʱãʼ޸˵С档
̶һ֮ڣԶɽƴֵסδܿƵĳĶ˽˵˫ۣѾڹâУ
ˣӣʱλˡ
ӷȻת֮ӥۣ֮֮߽ϡ


1789 λ
ν̥ʵܼ򵥣Ǵؤɻʵۣӵͼɸ߼
ڵ̼䱩ǣԼ֪һôĽ׶Σÿһˣ·ӵһɿٵصӦ˵Ƿ·УǾУ
ÿһԴ˵һ˷ܣܵ飬ڵˣеֻ˷ܣû˿ܣǲҪȥ߹ֱӾӵеĽǾ͵޳
ʥ۷塣
ûˣڶ̶һڣִ˵ΪȫΪĵ伮Ĺϵټϳӷð޸С棬ֱӾʥ۷ľ硣
ȻˣǣС¶Ҳһ̣ܵ˾ĵ伮ڵˣ͸һ˵Ϊʱ֮䣬ʥ۷徳硣
ѾӵߣͬʱҲǣڵ֮⣬Ϊ涴ʱγɵľǣѾȫƶ˵֮⣬͸ʱľǴ½һڵ֮⣬γһȦҲ˵ǾΧŵ򣬽Χ
ǣͬʱͬɫĹâЩâֱ˵ϣ
ͬʱ׾Ϊ֮ǵߣͬʱǾĵ伮ĻҲۼ˰֮ǵĹâ߿Ѿȫˣ߰Ҳȫߺˡ
ųӷһ£ˣȫںϽ֮Уĵ伮֮ڣҲһֻɫľβǰ׾֮ǰ̬ںӾްҹ۷ǰ̬˿̣̬ΪڶãҲ˵ǰ׾õһ˰֮֮ڣΪһ塣
ڣŴѾ߰ѣ߰Ҳͬʱĵ伮һֻҪŴͬŸߣھĵ伮ΧΪĵ伮İ׾ãͿĵ伮ˣǸʱ򣬳ӷˣܵõĵ伮ڵһУʿռܣƽķȻоǣʿķҲΪҪһ㣬ΪǰϹŹĸʶʿ̵֮ʱڣҲ˵֮ǰҵ˿ʿķֻʱĹĸûлȥʿ񣬳ӷĻˣӷ粻ʿĻͬʱǳ̳ˣһĵ伮ȫ򿪣ǾͿʿƿءҪ֪֮ǰʿûȫѹ㣬ﳤʮھǴ½ʱѾ˵ˣһδȫѵʿѾӵǿƻˣǵʿȫ֮󣬱˵һδֺξ
ˣţǣȻˣ
ǬǼžŴ֮ʾˣһӲ˼ĸоΣǾԵʵ
Ҿ˵𣬴ţСӣûôġ
ȲҪ˵ô࣬Ͻ취үӿ춥סˡ
ͼԶɽѾδԶɽϣδ£ԶɽѾһޣƽʿռܶʩչˣɽδΪסռܻδá
ӣҪ죬ƽʿԾΪүүʯǸŮΪүү춥סˡ
׾õӾĵ伮ڴ
ӷ翴ǰĳԶɽδԼʱеֲȻ߸ɻѽŸ߲ȫ֣ܴ򿪾ĵ伮
׾ãҵߡ

׾˵Ҳȷ˭Կ϶ǣѾˡ
ȷ˭
ѵԼѾʶ
Ǭ£ɽߣˣ
ѽǬеߣӦøһܵŶԣǸղһ㷴ӦûС
ӣ쿴һ
ӷȻתͼղŻҪԼˣԼƴھȻģŮ洴ңԼ޷ȥƵġ
ʲô£ʲô
ǲ滨ǵܵһƣʲôסˣڸͲǵָӣڰˡ
ǵڰǣǱȴҪɱԼⶼʲôʲôѽ

ΧŴе֮Ȫˮ֮ᾧɢ˼Ĺâȹ߱ߴͬġ
ӷΪԾǸǵĹâȻˡϣңȻҲڡ

ӷһ쵰ѽ˵ѽ
ңߣ
ӷɫˣԼ˵Ļǽ£е鷳
׾˵ġ֮Ǹ֮ǵߣǲϴ˵ģǣҲϴ˵ġ
ôܣôܻǣҵĵر𣿡
ʵûܿ϶йϵһֱԼ˵ģʲôҲ˵ʱ򣬲Ҫ̫ˣҲѾԼƣӣλ
ӷںΣΣĿǰܶԸδķֻд򿪾ĵ伮ˣҪ򿪾ĵ伮ķֻоŴϾŸΪԿˡ
ܲôˡ֮ᾧ֮Ȫˮߣϸҽϣ

С棬ʱ䱻˹ȥ
ʲô£󺰵
Ҳӷ磬ʲô
Ҹ治֪˭ڸˣ˸ͶˣˣԲǳӷ硣
ҹô࣬򿪾ĵ伮Ϊءͳͳλĵ伮ҿ


1790 ֮Ѫ֮
ŴڳӷĺȫλŸߣҲȫ˾Ŵ֮ڣǾŸͺñȾŴ㣬žŴУŴǱĵ伮ŵģ˵ٲԸ⣬Ҳ޿κΣǼȫѾˣһУھĵ伮Ĵ߶½ţ
ˣĵ伮ϾҪˣǰ취͵ֵסôǿ
иŮ۷ĳǿߣʱǿߣȴĵ伮ʸûС
δȻתͷŴĵ伮ӷλھĵ伮·һĵ伮ӷõ˾ĵ伮ڵĶǶڽδв㣬δ
һдֹĵ伮ɵԶɽֻꡣ
ԭδҲʲôµģ򶼸ҸһĲԾĵ伮ʱδҲͨǹе㣬ϣϣеһֿ־С
Զɽʱ򲻻ýδȥӷ翪ĵ伮࣬ҲҪδǣס
ǣڣԶɽѾľҪǣסδǾԲ̫ܵˣ
Ϻ꣬ȥɡ
ͻأδڱޱǿĽ⣬ֱӽԶɽŪ
ֽ⣬ǳԶɽ֮ǰѾģδʩչֶΣ֮ǰĳԶɽһŮˣѾ˻ƽʿռܣҲ˵һսѾչٵʱˣδҪھĵ伮֮ǰӷ磬ģǽδ
ȥɡ
ҶǻƽʿҵԶԶ㣬ҲɱңɣҼʶһ£͵ߣж͡
֪ļһһ̡
¡¡
δɱУѾ˳Զɽǰɽδû뵽ǣڳԶɽǰͻȻһ⣬⿴Сȴ֮䱬ޱǿͲڻƽʿҲ˵ͲڳԶɽġ
ǡʥ
֮ǰӻƳʥԶɽһֱûãΪƺһսķչؼʱ̣Ҳʱ̣Žʥʿͷų
ĵ伮ۿҪԶɽԲýδؼʱȥƻʥʿʥҲʱ򷢻ӳˡ
ʿӦ˵ʿʿֻʿ֮ͳı̬ڣʥʿƽʿڳҵģͬʱǰĳңǾڤͳߣͬʱҲƬͳߣΪǸʱƬ棬ֻһڣ˵ʿƬػߣҲ൱ȷġ
ʿиߵ֣֮ȻҲѹ֮
ʥʿڵһǿĴڣƽʿʥʿ֮ԣʥʿȫԿסƽʿ
ԶɽʥԼʣһδͷѹȥδһû񣬱ʥеǣʱ֮䣬δˣԵɫΪ԰ףҲѾԶɽ뿪ȥ
ɣ
δȻ˵֣Ҳ룬ƽʿǴġ
ҵˣмԼԼô˵ԼǰĳڵĳңǼۣĳʦǣĿʼҲǣֱӷһǡ
ɵˣʸȡģôһʥԽһƽʿſ¡һʥ֮ģоĵ伮δ͵ҳһƽʱ䣬죬Ҳʱԭ˰ɡ
Զɽ󺰵ӷ磬ĵ伮ҽƽѪ
ǣүү
ӷˣվ˾ĵ伮֮ϡ
ŴҺơ
ŴΧ˾ĵ伮Χ漴ھŴϷ˾ǣǵģһźǣǿźɫǴųӷĴǣ
ǿȡųӷɢϢʱ֮䣬ǱѪɫӷڣҲѾŵѪ
ʱˡδģŮ洡죬ǼʶһҵȫԪءѪԪأ𡣡

԰ϰ֮ڣȫѪŪסϷĴǣΧľǣɢһеȫվھĵ伮ϵĳӷȥ
ӣ񻹲
ʲôŴѾҵߣ᲻
ǡ
ӷȻ𣬺Ӿްҹڵһݸڶʾ¼µһ仰
֮Ѫ֮֮֮꣬
ѵʱõ𣿡
ôˣźӾްҹӦòĪ˵ôһ仰ġ
ӷ󺰵үүŹùãǵѪһá
ԶɽûһϻֱӽԼָƣѪƶӷ߶
ͬʱӷҲԼϸһӣ˵Ѫһ
񷶦ҳְɡ
޴⣬·Ҫ磬δ˫ķǳ󣬿ųӷͷֵľ޶ֻأڳˣ
֮Ѫ֮ӷѾˡɺ֮֮꣬أӷʱȥҡ
ڵò
ӣôˣʱɣҿܲܿĵ伮
ãڽҳ֮Ѫ֮ȫĵ伮ڣþһҽ伮


1791 ֮֮꣬
ӷδսͬʱڵһľˣѾʼ͸ˡͬһ㣬ֵģʱʧ
ղźռʥʹľصС棬ܵ˼Ϊص𺦣Ǹǻһеľزǳ޵еĻ͸ʧˣΪľǳ޵еתһֱų޵е΢ֵһǿʥʥǸľ˺
ۡ
ڵϵľأͲ֪ԼʲôطУ͵ѪִתΣûȫһ⴦ʱᱬһľص෴ὫСֱӸ
ھǴ½ʱľԳ޵Ϊǿ׾ֱ۷徳磬ǸʱľؼѾľеʣһص磬һʹеһųӷδսȻȥȥĵطѰһֱȴ֮ˣǸˣǳʦתҲǳۡ
ľû뵽ռոմ򿪣ںռеĳۣȻʩչʥʿռܣޱǿʥͨռţպãȫľصϡ
һôĴڣʥʿʦתһ޵£˵£Ƭ棬ڡ
û뵽۵˺ռ䣬ȻὫʥʿռܸʩչһô֮£ʥʿŻʩչռأ㣬͸ղŵĳԶɽһΪƽʿĳԶɽֻͷŻʩչƽʿռܣѵںռ䣬ƥеĴⲻܣԲܣƬ棬򣬶˵еĹ۵ģ͸˵ǺռˡռȻռΪصĴڣԹഫռڣͲκεѽȻﶼûУܸƥеĴڡ
ף׷ʲô£ںռ䣬ʲô
ľȫֳһźźľصȫ˱仯ϵ·սףһ׽սףҲǳ޵еսףڣѾ˾ڤ磬Ϲųĵһ󽫣ĳ޵С
ܵģ˵еĹӲܣ˱ƵĹʩչʥʿռܣ
ľصڵϣ״һ󺰵׷ʲô¡
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ʱ磬ζľؿУٴһѪˣؼ𶯣ֱȥ֮ǰľػѵתͷһһǳңԶķĵ伮ӷ磬㣬Ѿۼ˳֮Ѫ֮ԭǴڽռ֮ںռ֮Źر֮ǰ֮ģǣڣҹѾˣǣǾͽȫһУɡӷ磬һУͿˡ֮꣬ʼ䡭

ǿĺľصϣӷڵλóȥľˣѾȫûֱˣС棬ֱʧʧӰ٣ϢҲʧˣʧӰ٣û֪ԭһֱӷΪеձ꣬ʵһֱڱӷ֮ˡ
£ô޳ӷۼ֮Ѫ֮ڣ׾޷ĵ伮׿ֻǴһ룬һѾδ赲
δȫǱһסƵģһҲˣˣԭء
Զɽ˿ǰһĻֻһһͿԴ򿪾ĵ伮ˣǸʱĳӷƻ϶һ죬ڶ졣
µǣĵ伮ܷȫ򿪣δܲΪѿĵ伮ļ
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ӣǲѽ

֮Ѫϲܴ֮򿪾ĵ伮ѵĻҪ
ʱӷڣһڹ⣬ڹⲢڳӷģǡ
ҹ
ûҹʱˣӷȻԼǱ͵Ǵ½֮ǰںõҹʱ򣬾ͷ˵𡣰ҹԼϣһԭںӾްҹĶԼӾްҹǳ޵Уôⰵҹ
ˣҹܴźӾްҹѵǺ֮ꣿ
֮꣬ǰҹǾͺðˡ
ҳ
ӷһ£ҹˣڵİҹͲκ
¶
ڻ֮Ӳڵ¶Ӧһڡ
Ѫһá
ǡ
ӻ֮ӲڣһʺѪҺѪҺֱӾͽ˰ҹ֮ڣʹİҹ
׾ã֮ѾˣϿĵ伮
ӣǲУ

ʲô
ɣǡӾްҹˣ
ڹ⣬ԭصĽδȻ̧ͷŭ޵Уû뵽һܣǡҹ

ӷЦδ˰ɣӾްҹϹųһ󽫣޵С
ԲܣΪʲôҪƭҡ
ûΪʲôֻΪҪ㣬ȫˡҳʦǰѾȫ̼ƻõġ죬ңɵʦһƻɣ֮󣬾ͽָ񡣡
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޵еȫۼ˰ҹ֮ڡ
ͬʱУֳϢЩϢǡ
ػߣڻˡ
ǡ
󸣡
ۿһֻС󡣬Ȼʱˣ壬ȫ˹
֮
׾ôִϲ
ʲô֮
ûӣЩǲǵǳ뿪ڤޣ
ûǡ
ǾͶˣǣҲǹŵģޣܱ䣬ڣѾӵ֮ˡʱˣӣѾ㹻ڣĵ伮ʽ


1792 
ڽĴ£ȫӷ߷˹гųϻҲûгӥЩǰųҴӾڤģʱܱ䣬ĸޣ˺ܴı仯ҲϢǶޣȴħ޲ͬνġ顱ȻǴżԵģҲǳʦһţЩޣۼ֮ȵӷʱͿԴ򿪾ĵ伮ˡ
ν֮ȫ޵ڣһܹ⣬Ѿӵ˿ϢˣȫڵǵΪҲǲܽڵϢɢģȻ޷һʱı֮ԣӷҪõ֮֮Ѫ֮֮ĵ伮֮ڣôеޣҪҲ˵嵱뿪ڤ磬Ϊ˽
ڸһʼ峤ͳƳӷΪػߣΪʲôԵ޹ʵĳƺɣΪӷڣһָоһֻ޲ܸоĸоҲ޴ദģǰĳʦͰźõģ壬ΪӷãصģŻĸԸΪӷȥȥ
ӷ籾ĵǺܿĵģΪޣò˵ǰӷ粻٣üγӷΣʱǽ˽ȥģ
ɽ죬ޣȻһֻһֻģ˾ĵ伮֮ϣû˿ķϻһ仰ûУͬɶ˻㣬һȥ
ÿһֻĵ伮󣬶һΪһСС̣֮ĵ伮ա
޵ײԽԽ࣬׾ѾȫӦʱǿĵ伮ʱ
ӣʱˣϿĵ伮
ӷ翴УղųȺޣڣֻʣ¼ֻˣֱǽ󸣬峤ǰҲǰӷ粻ٵģһֻ׻
峤ˡ
ȫɢ⣬ѽԼˣڣҲԼΪӷʱˡ
СӣǾһˡ
󸣬ʲô
֮ۼÿһֻ޵ڣֻ֮ܽ
Ҫڵ֮Ѿ㹻ˡ
һ㣬ͶһݻᡣסҵԶǿģҵѣҲԶǿġԲ䣬Ȼ壬Źġ
˿̣峤Ѿ˾ĵ伮ҺػߣһУͿˡ
顭
һľ죬еޣȫײ˾ĵ伮ϣе֮ȫĵ伮ա
˳ӷǰһһģӣͬʱҲԵļΪɰ
ԺҲܰ½ˣϣһжáúûţеĵˣȫܣɡ
Ҫ𣿡
ġ
ѡ
ѣûѡѣҾһˡ
û˵һϻϸߣֱӾ˾ĵ伮֮ϣọ̈̄ٴαĵ伮ա
ӷ˱۾Ȼ࣬νûиߵֵ֮ģǵˣȫҪѣһڣ壬ȴΪ˰ԼԸˣȫˣӷû취ҲȥֹǣΨһΪģǽ˵ģеĵˣȫúõĻȥ
ʵţܶʱҪȥ˸ʹ࣬ΪҪȥ֤һˣһԶȥ
ѣһ·ߺá
ӷ̧ͷ죬˫ȭһͬʱ󺰵ѣһ·ߺãҳӷ緢ģһʧġĵ伮Һ
¡¡
֮𶯣·ҪըƵģΧɽҲѾʼݣȫÿһط˻ԵѺۣЩӷڲϣǻһ磬ԼڵΪӦҲ޸õġ
ĵ伮ڣ
Ѫ⿪ʼھĵ伮Χۣ֮ϣ涴ÿһ涴ڣǿ֮Դȫĵ伮ա
ˣĵ伮Ҫˡ
ԶɽԵıȳӷ绹Ҫ˷ܣĵ伮ԼΪǿıһֱٴˣ㲻ĵ伮ʲôã죬˳Զɽһ֪ˣԭĵ伮֮ǿ
ھĵ伮ʲôʲôݣӷ֪ͬʱδΪηġ
ڵˣδ
ѽڵˣĻԻͣ͵˿սᡣ
˵񷶦ǺռǿıǾĵ伮ǳӷƬռǿİΧӵʲôĿǰ֪
伮Ѿ״򿪣׾ãĵ伮뿪ˣڵİ׾һӰ̬˳ӷߣڳӷ󣬾ŴĹâγǵĻӰ
ˣȫľλöվͬʱǵм䣬ٴγ֣Ҳ͸ӷڵλһ
δĵ伮Ѿȫ򿪣ĻʱȥܳԶɽЩˣҪȽĵ伮رգʲô취
ģŮ洣ϸеرվĵ伮һӷ˵伮ڵһУǲǣңҲֵס
δֵסʲôʥʿռܣӷֲʥʿƽʿռܣӷ֪ôƽ⣬ҲûáδΪĵǡ
ĵ伮һھҳڿʼһҳһҳصģǾڤϹų㣬ӷѾ֪ˣԼ棬ھڤʱôµ¡ڶҳžڤһô磬㣬ӷҲ֪ˣҳҳصģռ飬ЩӷϹŻʹУҲӳʦ볤޵еĶԻ֪ˡڵҳصģǻƽʿռܸƽⷽڰҳصʥʿռܸƽⷽ
ǰҳ˵͵ҳصĶԳӷãƽδռܣǰǳӷӵ㹻Ϊ˱ܾۼǿӷֶֺΪء
ھҳǳӷΪҪģһҳصģҲΪһսͬʱպĽ棬ҲżôģǾǿʿķʿеռܣȫڵھҳ֮С
ӣסҳݾͿˣھҳݡ
ھҳʿ
ãӷʿķϹرվĵ伮
δѾ׻ˣóӷʿķʿеռܣǳӷͿȫѵ֮£׻ʿǵȴڣһȫѣұס˵ǻƽʿʥʿҲѽ
ĸŮ洣ͬʱĵ伮˹ȥ۷ĵ伮رա
ɾĵ伮ʵǿޱȣδԽ۷ĻƽʿֵסʣĸŮ洣ֵܵס
顣
صĻ򣬽ĸŮ洣ͬʱдӷھҳͬʱҲŹҵͽ
ȥɡɡ
ǿĵ˳ӷ󣬶ħֱӽŮ洸ץ˵
ʲôˣң
Ǵֻصĵӷ磬㵽׽ֻؽ˵ڼ䣿
֪ܿͻõˡ
Ҫȫ׾ĵ伮ʿԸҡӷ磬Ҳδ̫˰ɣĵ伮ôǳҵÿһˣ񲻶ǳʦˡ
δ֪Ϊʲôܵõ˵Ĵֻڿ԰һж㣬ʵҾⴴֻصתǳ棬λʦŵġҵĸ׳ۣΪηλڤϹŹʦת
˵ʲôǴֻתۣǳʦ
ûԣҳˣүүڶ򲻳ĵ伮ڵݣܴ򿪣Ҳ򲻳ңһĳΪǰѾźõġ죬ȥˡ
ˣӷһ־𣬴һָĵ伮ϡʿʼѰɡ


1793 ʿɻ
ϢסأԭգѾȫΪ˺ɫ
磬ʱ֣֮йȫΪͬһʱ䣬ʱΣǿһ˿ģͷ·ʳ磬һƬڰУ
Ѿ˳ɽԽˣ󣬵һʱ뵽ģǳӷǱߵĴսͬʱΪһԽ죬ҲҪ뵽Ǳߵ飬Լ֮ңϣڷˣԽ鴦á
ûиоÿֲĸоȫʼˣڱѩƵġ
үӴһôᷢ飬ǸͲ
ĽǸԽһ𱻻ͳɽģ˿̣Ľ˵Сӷڣ˯һǳֲĴڣǸڣԻ硣ϴںʱǳʱϵˣᱻӷɱ
ư˵Ҳţ¡˯ӷڵģʲôʿ˵ǳǿ󣬾ۣԿơ
Խ˵ܣģôỹһˡ
׳ǧȷģңڣӷǸֲĴڣѾʼˣŻ磬󡣲Ҳ˵ӷӦѾӵ˼ޣˣһǵֵסġ
⣬Ľ鲻˵ˣ˵ϴ۷֮սľĽȫǸֲʿڣӷܿܣǽôĺ
ͬʱڳӷߣĵ伮ѾȫӷҲѾӾĵ伮ڿصһУΪؼģǵھҳʿķַѧģҪȥ򣬶ңֻʿĻĳ
δѾţǰۼʶʿǿѾǿܻƬĴˣԼǻƽʿһȫѵʿҲ·һǰǻƽʿʥʿ֣ҲǵֵסʿѽϹųҲǵֵסʿѽ
˵ʥʿһ޵дڵĻǳӷʿһȫѣǳԽʥʿĴڣһԿסʿڱѵʿѹ֪ǽǿһôĵز
ɲĸ磬û飬ûУδûУǳۣҲûУ͸˵ǳӷˡ
ʿǾۼаģһѣаۼӷһ˵ڣǸʱʿҲǿģɸûӷܿסʿҲԶʿȥѽһˣӷ绹ҪָģԼɴʿԼ֮ڵаָôܷ񱣴а
ȻڸͲЩʱ򣬳ӷ뾡һеþһеֶΣδ
ŴѾĵ伮ĵ伮ҲӾ޴ıС
ӷĵ伮֮ϣھĵ伮С֮󣬺ܿģӷѾӾĵ伮Ǿĵ伮һǰٿȫСǣ䵽˳ӷУǷġ⣬ŴҲʱ򣬾źһΪһ壬һѾ޴֮֮ͬҪһȫɾɫγɣΪһдڣִźüɫԵļΪ죬ȴͬʱӵžŴ
ǾŸ׾õǰӰڣӾŴ˿ڵǣһûУȴҲ޷ܵκ˺ĴڣͬſӲĸˣҲ򲻶
ӣѾ׼ˡ
׾õڳӷеĵ伮𣬾Ŵϵ䵽˳ӷС
ӷǽۣڰ׾ûһ˲䣬ӷ˫ȻĺɫϢȫ˷ӷڣЩɫϢȫаҲ˳ӷʱڵаȫΪһ塣
ģŮ洣ȥɣһΪǱġ
δƳǿѹֱӳӷ磬һΪӰˣͬʱһƳӷͷߣͬʱгӷߵ̫Ѩ
һĻӷǱɵģΧԶɽˣҲΪӷ˰Ѻ
δЦʿҪѣԲܡ
¡
ͻأһѪɫĺڹ⣬ӳӷڱ˳ڹ⣬δǸӰֱӸǧס
ӷƤʼ仯ٵĿήֱӼ˹ͷ
ϴʿʱͬǣϴʿ֣һãһ壬ɽ죬ӷȫƤڿήûһ壬ȫƤ⣬ȫʧˣʣµģֻһãҲһ˫֮ǳ޴һӶΧǾʯȫԶ

ЦֲЦ·ԵԨЦЦĸоˣɱĳ嶯Ҫκ˶֣ԼͽԼˡ
ԶɽʿѾȫѡˣȫһ磬ʿ赲⡣
ǬˣȫӳԶɽĻȥˣۼһУ棬γһ磬Դֵסʿɻ


1794 
ĶǵϷѾչɻЦѾЦѷĴ̵̽࣬ǿ˺Ľ籣ҪȫЦҲǲ̫ܵġ
Զɽ˴˿̶ԵЦȴֱͨǵë׽ǵڣڵÿһλ
δҪ־ж־壬һλǰһսûǰھڤһսȷǳˣҲûӮӮһսģʵʿΪǳ򣬶һˣֵܵסʿ
ʿһڤͱһ룬Ǵεĳ֣ҲǷǳ̵ʱˣʿʧˣ򣬱˵Ǿڤ磬¾Ƭ棬򣬶ʿ
һǿٲǿĺڰƻȻͳһ޵еʿҲ벻ͨʱĺڰƻô쵽ģƬаľǿǿһۼγһ壬Żһеи˭ͳʿûκεĹϵ
ôδϵвʿģֻѡ񣬵һǸϽ·ʿһƬ棬ݲˣĹ޾ֻһ򡣶ڶ·ƴһѣʿδӳ֮ǰԭΣ˳ӷ֮󣬳ӷԲʿģδлˡ
Ȼδǲѡһ·ģǰ𣬾ѾûȥˣҲʲôҪ֮Ȼ룬Ǿ͵ҪŻ¶ԼֻҪӮˣƬ棬ģ򣬲ٲ֡
ڣδĶԼѾǺˣǶԸңһԽΪЩδڱźδԳôֱ죬δŶ֣Ҳ˵ģҪδȿסңڳ޷֮ٽ
Զɽ˵ԶɽĴ뱲ӣңںƿ֮£ŶʢӡȻųӷں󣬳ıˣǳ嫣ǽһϵ¼ȴҲ½δڶʱ֮ڣ޷ҳ
죬ӷӾڤ磬Ǵ½Ŵɱ˻ŪԸƥУŪʵǱߵĳǿߣҲͽδģŮϵ̨棬ɳӷߣȴξٴ鼸ӷ׾ãһĶԸδѣͽѾڵнˣãͽڳӷ磡
ųӷı仯Ѿױ仯ΪʿҲǰһãһˣʿǳӷڵӣҲǳﳤʮõһμӷ˵ġһ
ЦѾֹͣʿ˫ۣ˫УѪ⣬˫Ӷţ
һ̤أѣ֮䣬˾룡
ڵϣһѺۣѺУðĲҽһˣһ֪ȥ˶õˣȫãЩãȻ֮ʱ֮䣬Ϊһ֧š
⣬žۼʿʱѺһڹ⣬ڹ֮ڣȻһƥƥ̤Ѫ𷢳һصĺһֻޡ
׵磬еȫʿϣʿ̼䣬е׵ȫˣȫŵ˫˫գƥҲȥ
ʿڽδǰϣһֵ伮һǾŴĽ¿˵ѾΪʿе㣬ܽеһи
֡
δһ뺰˭ܺ˭ˣȴѾѱˡ
ĵ伮ڣѪ⣬ʿĵǿĻ棬ųĸŮ洣ѾӷĶħץ˵
δҪ˷ˡһ˭档
浱ʿ޵е𣿽죬ҾԻƽʿսʿ
ɣɡ
Ҫκεķϻ֮ǰǻƽʿԻƽʿڣʿԻƽʿʿԣʿҪǿĶ࣬Ҳ̫С˽δˣڽδҪ
Ѿ˵սˣԣˣս޹ءʿƻ̫ǿ磬Ҫбʩ
䣬ʿеľĵ伮޴Ѫ⡣
硣ƽʿҽһս


1795 м
ӷδʿƽʿȫʧɽ֮С
ʱɽҲѾ˼ı仯Χɽ˺üɽƣҲ˱仯ͬĵؿǷ仯ƵģɽһһݣһֽݵģʽҲʹڲõպԭôΪ֪ɽΪһۡ
ԶɽѾ⿪˸ӵʿЦǴ˺ҲǷǳģÿһˣ˼ΪصˣԶɽڡ
⣬Ŵߣ˰׾֮⣬ǣȫѾָŴҲѾ䵽ǵˣֻŴѾʧȥԭ˵ŴѾȫ˾ĵ伮֮ڣھĵ伮ûظŴ֮ǰŴͬ㡣
Ȼˣ·ͱסƵģһûģСγɵ壬ƴš
֪ʲô£ԼѾ𣬲ѾδɱΪʲôΪʲôֻĺúõġ
ƴţԼ壬ʵʲô£
ǰ˵ǾŴߣǸˣˡֻǲ뵽ԭֻǴھǴ½ߣȻҲѵһУϹŹİŵ𡣡
ǸͲʶǣҲʶǼÿһﶼ֪ңվڳӷߵġ
ǣݼүӡ
Ǽˣȫȹ˳ԶɽǰǴ½Ϲٴ𣬱Ҫһ쵼ߣӷ绹Ը쵼ߣôȻɳεļˡ
ȫɡ
Զɽ˸֣ԼӵĹԼһϵûС
үӣƬ飬ѾչٵĽ׶ˡѾʿִӾĵ伮ڵõ˿ʿķһսһӮġԣүپǱȫ׼ǻưƬ档

ԶɽЦһ˵һеһУӷɵģϼһһϵûСϹųȷʱˣȻӦҳе
үӣ˵һλֻҲΡҲ֪ү뷨ȻҪɹӼ̳гңҲѾʵ
ʲôδϾҪ군ˣʿĳ֣ҲζŽδ
˵ʲôģ
򡣡

үӣ飬ŹѾߴ˰ɡʵһδֻǸСɫˣĴʣĵˣҲʡǰϹų֮ԻܱԶطΪĹϵ
ǰھڤ飬ԶɽѾ֪ˣҲûʲôٳԾġ
ʡӣһսֻǸʼˣĵˣں档
û֪δǰõ˳һƽѪ󣬲ġɰĹ˵˭ŶŻδˣǱûô֤УһЩ֪顣
˵˼˵Ǹ겻ɱδΣҲܲýδӷ£
ǵ˵ͷ˵û
ǻ᲻ᡭ
ʵھĵʱ򣬹ѾɱһˣҲ²ⲻĻٹã򣬻˵ģģҲܵôһԣҪ׼
̵ȫ󾪣һ֪Ƚδǿ˶ٱĴڣһˣǿ鷳ˡ
ڤǱߣӷôŵģԶɽʵ
˸湫ǰ֮⣬ȫؾġ
ж
֣Ҳ̫ΪڹӶ¾ĵͬʱѾ㽫ɱˡ
ӷ磬ѽܶ飬ûȫ档ôھģֱӳɱĻǾģҪˡ
ѽ㣬ǳӷû뵽ġ
Ǳֲɵϣ֪ӷѾ˾ģһһʹߣŹǱߡ
þǱߵȫͨǳ涴ҿڤ磬Ǳסˡ
ʵҲǸԶɽһ뷨뷨ҲǸող뵽ġ
ǣϴþĵȫ
Ҫ죬ˣǱˣͻڤһʧͬʱǱߵˣӽ󣬵磬ǵļңǱҪеԿڣҪȣӷ
ѾʼˣڣӷδѾԡ
磬ʿһܣһܲ͸Ľ磬ԸȫϿ飬κεӰ졣
δƽʿųӷʿ˫Ѿͷų
ӷ磬ΪʿܶԸҸ㣬һսģܵģ㡣
δǻƽʿңǳԽʥʿʿɱô
ɱ㣬Ƚɱ
˵ʲô
ʿǾۼƬаʣû취ǿĴڣ㣬ʿ㣬ǱģʿԼֻʿܶԸʿ磬ʿռ֮һһ룬ûʿ˭ܳȥʿԼڡ浱ʦļƻȫļ֮ڿ㣬ʵǰʦļƻѾ֪ˣ֮Щ궼ǳңΪģǵ㣬ʿ֡ʿһ첻ʧʾһ첻ģԣʵ֪˳ʦļƻ֮ҲͽƾͼƣǳҼһطչʿ֣ʿɳʿԼԶʿסȻΪῴ˷չȥǿȥȴʲôΪ޵ںĴһ᲻֪㲻ؾģܵþĵ伮õʿķΪ뿪ڿ㣬֮뿪ҲŵģʸͳһƬĻᣬֻҪʿ֣ʿ磬ôʿԶȥˣ⣬ҸĶԼڣѾǾڤ磬֮󣬾ͻ򣬶㣬ʿȴֻܴʲôˡ
ӷ粻ɵһΪһоڳʦյУû뵽δⷬóʦļƻһЦ
ѽԼڵʮ꣬Ӿްҹ֪ѵδ᲻֪Լܻ֮ڣʮδûԼǶ𣿾ԲǣҪɱһʱԼƾǺӾްҹҲֵסɣ
Ӿްҹýδڱƺںһȥڤ󷨣ЩδѾ֪ȴûȥֹΪҪóӷ˳ȥģóӷþĵ伮Ӿĵ伮ڵõʿķչ޾ƻļƻҲ͵ʧܣΪʣҲ޷Ƶʿû취ֻʿԱĿƣԳӷ㣬ȥԸʿ
Ҳ˵㰮ϺӾްҹҲǵļƻ
ôƭǼһ޵Уһֱڰ㣬Ҳװʲô֪ʵļƻʧˣʿһʧȥ˿ƣռ䣬ֻҲûϵʿĻ֮⣬ͬʱǲ֮ĵĻ㣬ʦǰŵĺġ
ӷ粻ɵĴЦ˵ˣΡ磬ʿģҵ뿴ʲôԼĽסҡ
δЦ㣬̫˽ˣȴ֪Ϊʲô˽㡣ΪЩ޵ߣаʵɣʵҲһֱߡ
ʲô
δǵͷӷδòʱʱһǳԾı飬Ҳı飬ӷϤĲϤˣʮ꣬һչԼʮŮˣǡ
㣡
ӷڹ¶Ժλ㣬¬㣬Ȼǡδ
ӷ磬벻ɣİ㣬ĵˣ£֪ˣˣȴһ֪ʿ޷Ƶ£ʸ޲ߣ㱣ѵ£Ҫ㣬̫ˡΪһһ˽Ҳ̫˰ɣһģкܶˡ
δǰһĻ棬һˣȫǳӷΪϤģǹ¶Ժˡ
ô֣ǣȫ뿴ЩӣԺһֽḷ́ǣѾȫˣҪɱһԣʿû⣬ɱңͬʱҲɱ¶Ժˡ
δЦӷȴѾŭ˼ޣ
ӷ磬ǳңǾ㲻ɱ۾գһٳǣÿǵʱںʲô𣬲Ů٣㶼ɱô죬²𣿡
ӷˣԭһУǳʦļƻʵļƻһʿļƻҲһмƣ


1796 ľ
治ͬȻҲһޱߵĿռ䣬磬ԲεģǷεġ⣬ÿһ磬ǱߵҲ෴Ǳߵ죬ߵǵأǵתסģȫסϣӵһ½һƬ
򲢷ֻôһҲγ˺üڲ֮ǰѾȫߵˣҲ˵ֻΪӴģΪǿĵۻʡ
һУƯźü飬Щ飬һ½ߵ;ס½֮ϣΪ½
½һУۼ˳ǧˣЩˣҲǱƵ֮񣬵ν֮ļһԷģҲ֪ʲôʱʼǱ
ʣһжѾ׼ˡ
׼ãȻ׼óĴֻڴ֮֮ǰҲһʱ֮ǰļһôһ¡
̫ʵļ̳ˣֻ̳̳еʱ޵ģҪʸ̳Уʱ䣬̫ӣɻ̫ӣʵ岻û˿˥ϣ෴ԵļΪ׳ΪҲǸޱȡ
⣬½ϣȻкܶ˵ΪҲʥľ磬кܶ˵϶ľ磬϶Ǳִ˵ͲǴ˵ˣʮձĴڣΪ֮ǰʣѾҵ˳Խ϶ķһȫµľ磬ֳԽ϶쾳Ĵڣл޵ģ˶Խ϶죬ʣҲûʲôˡ
̫˵ԭǰѾźһСֻǺףΪʲôҪȵأһȣʱ䣬ѵʾͲģʦв𣿡
̫Ѿص򣬸һͼ½ߵľڵʹ̫ȥݼʣѯ⵽ôһ£
ʱѾǰŵһУ̫ӣ̫֮Ҳеʵƻ̫ðˣһǱ߷ʲôͻ䣬ʿûӷס治֪ᷢôµ顣
һȥʮ궼ʮӵˣϲûνĻۣķǳûʲôֱ𣬵λãϵǵƣͲö룬֪ݡ
ʦҲĳۣʥʿȷһǳ׺ݵĽɫ뵱꣬ʦ򣬲һڱʵ½ֻصߣͬʱһ˱ʣıʾʮĵȫתȽɫȷǲСӡ
̫˵ҲΪˣԸʵδܵȥ
ûδȥôãڱȵ˳ʦתоʿĻڳʦļƻҲͨڤһЩߵ֪ġʦΪļƻ޷죬֮ʿҽֻصҲתˣɵǣ֮ת󣬾ȻҲʿĻУ湻ġڱҲ׼ʿĵ伮Կ֮ǰȽʦתŪռȥˣֻҪ˺ռ䣬³ʦʥʿҲزпںռ䡣ʦڣһʿϱδʿߣץסʿ㣬ؼʱ䣬ͿʿȥԸʿԼʱѾˣδոմϢСӣѾȫסʿҷ磬ʿռܣȥˣͱ
ʷһЦʿвʿƿסռ䣬ҲǳԲ£˯ŵģ
ǸʣǲǸɱˣ
ûѾȫ׼ˣʿǱҲѾƵĺܺãԲܡھɱ棬Ƚһľڤ磬еĵһˣ󣬾ͽȫٵеȫɱ⡣
ʣסǱ߳˾ڤ֮⣬е綼ǸʵԴֻģΪʲôҪЩȫٵ
̫ӵ£ѵˣԽ϶֮ǿʲôۼǿ𣿡
̫Աߣһʵ
̫ӵ˵ͷû˵һ仰ȴ˵ӣʻɻѽһʿ˸ʵļƻʹĸʵļƻʧܣʱֳԽ۷徳磬ǸʵǱ磬͵Ǹʿļ¡
ˣҪϻˡڣɱ棬ȸʽڤˡ
ͬʱߣڤˣȫۼţޡ
ȫĵģҲڵȴųӷ
ڲ֮ǰǴ˻Ҳ˵ˣ⵼¾ߵˣȫ
ӣǱͨ涴﹫Ǳȥˣˡ
˵
ڡ
½ˣȫۼ𣿡
ûС̫࣬½̫Ҫô̵ʱȫۼǲܵġ
ûʱˣûģҲֻܰǶˡ
ѽǲΪ˸ˣߵĴΣС
ȥۼ֮⣬׼ۼ˵½涴

ˣ
ʿļæ󾪣ʵǲǵѾˣ
ǵġӣ½ϿգȫǵˣѾڳ½ĲͬطٿˣöˣѾɱ
Ŀ湻ģ
Ǹԣξξٱ´˵ϴͣȻ߲ˡ
¡¡
޴ıըΧĵؽУսڵţÿһսˮ·õģ˵Ļͬһԭӵҽţ
ǱߵĻմĴѾˣٶȣǲ̫˵㡣
ٶȿ죬׼ġ
֣⻰ʲô˼
˼˵򣬸˽ߵһУڡ
˵ӣһֱļ֮ڣ
ڻܿ϶ҲЩʱ򡣲ǲ׼ڱϴ͵Ǳȥ
ûϻˣۼϴ͡
֮⿴ս֮УһĵطȫһѵսӾ֮ڷɳ
ͬʱһ⣬ҲӾȫ涴Ǳȥ
ھͣһޱȾ޴սûڣδģ̫ӡ
ȥһҲˡȸ̫ӽǳ涴ٵ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
̫ϲɵһЦû˵ȴ˵̫ӻʶһ£ʿж¡ӷ磬Ǿ̫ӣ̫ӣûڽδֵ֮ĻǾ̫ӵĶԾˡ
֮䣬ڤ磬Ǵ½磬һ޴ıըеĵһ磬ǰһ룬Ľ죬ȫʧ֮С


1797 Ⱥ۾ۼ
Уһ޴ȱڣȱڣ⣬ͬһֹ꣬ⳡ꣬ȴͨġ
үӣǵѾͨ涴ˣӦûʲô⣡
ǵģȶ¾Ǳ߳ʲôطһǱߵ˹Ǿ˵Ѿʼжˡ
ɲȳԶɽ˵ֻȱ֮ڣһ޴ıըⱬըʹȱڿٵϣۿҪʧˡ
ǴȻתƮеûȥ絽Ǹʲôӣæϵȱںξϳ
ڣùˣлˣȫѾˡЩûļģֻھġ
Ǳߣȴ׵ķξĵ˹ܽɱٰɣĵͨ涴ҲͬһʱϵȱڣˣоͰξ
ξΪ赲˫˫ϺΪȡʱ䣬ֻҪǵ˳ӷڵ磬ǱߵţǵĴûȫۼ֮ǰǲɱġ
ֻ󺰵֣ùңϳȥ
УҲܶ㲻ܡ
ֵܣѾˡ۶ߵҲҪǰ̡ǰ̣Ǹ湫ӣָң죬ΪӣΪʦʱ򡣡
֣ǻлᣬϸߡ
Уұֵסǡ֣ϳȥھ涴ˣ
¡¡
涴ںܶ⣬ڲͣȴþòξ
ȻҪҲܹǵʱ湫ɱΪ˱ҲûˡҪֵһţҾ˾˸ʦǣһͳһҵġ
һֱȱ𣬸ͲǵӰ
磬ǲҪɵˣһֵûСˣѾˣϳ
ãǲκһ˽磬ڹӻûȫ׼֮ǰ϶ðɡúչ˾˾ˣξټϣˡ
棬Զɽʵ˶˭
үӣˣǾĵǿߣʮ겻Ѿ϶ľ磬һǰ׾ŮʵͽһǲָҲҪΪĸɱĸξڹӻδ֮ǰѾ½ˡ
Զɽ˵ͷ˵˲ţҳҪġˣ
䣬ԶɽȻС棬һӰֱӳȱڳ˹ȥ
үӣľʱ򣬲ܡ
Ǹ޷ȥֹԶɽȻԶɽľĵزҪȱڣȳˣûġ
ȱڣξʮ׵ʿΧΧѾڷž޴ıըⱬըξǶϵɵġ
ȻѾزǽ죬ֵܣƴɡ
ʱһ⣬Ƕ˵˹ңһϵĲ𣺡һҲ
ʲôˣ

ֱӾͳξǰ֮䣬ȱڣҲڳ涴ڵȫɱˡ
Զɽתξǳĵ˵ͷ˵Ϸߡ
ǰǡ
ӷүүμԶɽ
ӷүүҲǡ
°ݼ
ڲ˵ЩʱϷȥ
ǣ
˵ӷĸףһ޵еĴڣû뵽ӷүүҲǿ󣬾ȻǻƽʿңȻǿѽ
¡¡
ڳԶɽ˴ȱ֮ȱѾȫʧˣǱܹȫۼɽ֮УԼаңˣȫһʧˡ
׷ʲô£ʵ
ĶѾһأ˵磬ѾʼˣǵĴ½Ѿˣ
ʲôⲻܣôٶȡ
ӣϷĵģǷˡ
ȫųԶɽԶɽڵɫʲôʱҪѿ˵ǣ̵ʱڣϷ򽫺ͳͳģΪٹãҪԵģǿҪȺǿѽ
Զɽ·Ѿ뵽ʲôʱ棬һɺϣǽδľȱȱҲ̫˵ɣֻһԤıսۣоŻô졣
ȻңΣмˣĹơ
ʵˣأ
ѾʿǻƽʿʿĽ磬ʿӦúܴܿǸƽʿˡ
һ
ԶɽҲǻƽʿֻ֪Ҫӷ糹׿סʿδͲˣǡ
үӣ˼ǡ
֮죬ӷǱ߲˳˳ܻмΣա
Σգôܣ˭ܵеĹʿ
ȻʿԼڵʿѾǰʿˣӷס֮ӷʿʿӷ磬ѾȫΪһ塣ԭ˵ʿǲκģΪ˻Ҳ𣬾ʥʿҲֵסӷʵ̫ˣϹͷΪ˳ңһУԼŮڣӷ첻δץסӷ㣬ӷֻδɱķˣ


1798 
ƣԶһµĴڣ˭˭ͷ˫ĸܾ˵³ǱϻʤһʵģҲʧܵǷ١
ʦռУһһĴڣ٣ռһһĴڡ
һʼʦ֮ڣ֮չһУͬʱʣҲͨĳ֪˳ʦļƻʹĳʦƻһץʿļƻȥˣ
δ˵ûв񷶦֮սʤ˳ʦΪռΨһɫǻĵģηģΨһģηģԼͳĴڡʿ
ʿһ첻ʶģκεǣʿһĽɫҪɱԲܣΨһķǽʿסͬʥʿһʿһԶܳĵط
ΪǿڣʥʿʿȫסˣҲҲܳںռ䵽׷ʲô£٣Ƭ棬Уʣǵһˣ˵ǧأһͳ
֣꣬˭δƬ棬ʱ䣬Ҳܶ鶼Ѿʵ֮⣬Ҳкܶ£δʶ޷ȥƿصģյĽǴˡ
ӷĵ伮ȫסʿҲʿռܣ磬Ƚ磬һǽ룬ûõʿ¾ǳ۸ʶǳȥİɡ
ȻΪҪǣδס˳ӷ㣬ӷҲǺԵģһʼ˵ҪߵˣԼ߳ӲݣԼЩ˵ԱߣҲܳӲݡ
ǵĳ۱δռǰһ̣˽δӣǸʱ򣬳۾ȻʶδӦ˵ʶֻ˵ǼʵδҲǱˣ۶죬ңɳӷ磬ҲϤˡ
˵ʵǳӷԼѾǣԼǸ㣬ǴԼʱʼ¶Ժģֻǵİڴѧҵ֮󣬾¶Ժʱ䣬˵Ҳ߰ɣʱڣӷ¬ĹϵǳãѾ¬㵱׽㿴ϴ¬ʱ򣬳ӷڳʵε֮󣬺ܶӦöǵĺ˵¬ǽδ㣬ӷѽܣʵѾǰӷֲòܡ
û뵽û뵽㣬Ȼǽδ
ѾΪʿĳӷ磬ȻѾȫסʿǾȫĸоڳӷԼġ
Ǳˣʶˣӷ᲻һнɱģǰˣ˵ʵӷʵ²֣
ӷ磬ҵӡɲһѽ㻹ͨˣһزʱ򣬶ӵһְ۲ӵľΪʲô죬ȴҳأʿһƿأǾǾ޵еĴڣڵ޷ʿȫӳҪԸƽʿӦҲǲģΪʲô㲻ҳء
ѽҪɱδƽʿӷ粻ʿռܣͬʱ֪ôȥƽƽʿռܣֶԳӷ֮£ӷһ֣δǡӷ޷ȥɱ¬㣬Ҫǣ¬ڵЩˣ
¶ԺˣЩ겻ĺӣԺ̣һˣȫڽδڣδһˣȫ
ҿԷһ·ȥǡ
Ұ˶ˣӷ磬˵棬ûԩ㡣ļƻΪһĴӦѾƬ棬ǱߣӦѾˣȫ߿
һҰĵŮˣ㣬ҿĳѵԶ֮ѵûҪԽ볬ԽΪռףڣĻˡֻҪȫŵұ֤ٽ磬ҾͿԸһͳռôʽףô㶼׬ġ
һУ
ӷȻҪһУδĽ
˵ʦǰѾ׼תΪһַһУȴû㵽֮ĵתҲΪһַһУ⡰顱ַΪ֣ܶӷںģ飡
ȷһʺ˵Ľסǳӷ磬ҲҵɵϡƽʿѪŪʿͬ뽫ʿѪңԴʿң֮أ㻹治һ棬Ϊһĵ𡣡

ӷЦһеĵ伮ͬʱų˾޴ɻ֮ʹĽδȥ֮ǿ󣬽δ͵ֵס
ӷ磬ǵҲҪ𣿡
֮ǰΪ㻹ܻ𣿡
ȻļƻǰҾѾûԼһˡ
Ȼ㶼ûһˣֺαںء
ӷʿ˫ۣѪ⣬Ľδ´󾪣ӷ磬ʲô
Ҹˣ˸ҡɽ죬أҳӷҪıһ¡ҪҳӷɡֻҪҲˣǲ˭ʲôвʿ𲻵κεá
ӷ磬㡭
ңʿֱԣԼˣҵˣˣҵİˣôҾҪˣҪòᡣ
ʿģ㽫Զˡ
ҲˣͲвˡԺ̣ԵܵǣңͶԲˣΪҵҲԸ⣬ҲҪ٣ûңҲûˣˣͳͳᡣ


1799 ڶ
ӷ磬ʲô
δӷ罫еȫؿڣ⵼ʿȫÿһͷ˵ѪɫĵҷǡڵаȻӷѪӷС棬Сڱаţԣǳӷڷʿһ˿ƣʿͽԭӣ޾ȥƻһУֹӷҲױȫѵʿɣԶʧ
δʱ򳹵׻òףĻᣬȵʿĻ֣־ʱ䣬ʿĻӾǱߵõ˾ĵ伮ڿԿʿˣʿԼȫȫʿһطԶܳȥ
ڣӷΪýδ벻Ȼ˵ˣҪʿ
ʵǳӷ粻˵͸δץס˳ӷһӷĿԼһȥԼδסʲôĻȵĴɱԼߵˣҲһȥԼߵڵ˵ֱӾͷʿʧԼʧ֮ӦҲͲ˰ɣʿ飬ҲԼûϵˡȻΪҪǣǸʱ򣬲ԼʧˣԼߵȫʿɱеĵˣҲʿ
ڽδӷһųں£µɷһУɳӷϾǳҵѽ˵ˣһžۣ˼թĻǾͽζ
Ϊӷʿʵ¬Գӷ˽⣬ӷҲһδһ㣬Ǿǣӷǹƶ˵ģ˵ģδؾģģҲδؾͻȥ
ץҵ㣬ѵҾͲʱȥ
Ҫ֪ʣļƻ˵Ƿ˳ʦͲκεⷢ
񣬳ӷĽδ´ţһӷʿҲ͵ļƻʧˣδҲһʱ򣬽δĻʱȥڵЩˣҪֹӷ硣
ûӷץס˽δһ㣬Խз
ڽδӷ磬Ҫֹӷʿӷһתʶڵȫ֮ѪԪظѪеҲͬʱ˳ӷ󣬶ʱ֮䣬ͽδסˡ
δɫ䣬ͻıʣʹĽδֲаһסˣ벻ʱ򣬳ӷȻ˵ķӦΪԼɹֻһּԼסˣΪҪǣӷ粻ǿס˽δ壬ͬʱ
ָ
ָǳӷӲ񷶦ڵõȫԴѧ֮󣬳ӷҲùһΰˣǵڶΡ
ָԵκһ˵ӣɱ
˿̣ӷԵָȽδľƻ漴ӷ󺰵׾ãҽڵˣȫȳ
ĵ伮ʱɢǿҵѪһֻɫľβ˾ĵ伮֮ϣβͣͻȻɣȫδؿȥֱӽ˽δڡ
δƽʿΪҲǰģڳӷҪڵȫȳʱδȻȶסľӣʱָ
ӷ磬㲻ΪйյġַˣҲδ̫˰ɡ
¡¡
δڽʢ޴Ĺ⻷ֹ⻷ɲͬɫγɣ͸̫ӵֹ⻷һġ
죬ʶһ£Խ۷
޴Ĺ⻷ӷӷȥڸͲ֮ܽӳ׾ھˣʱ֮ԸδǽδڵЩˣǵһġ
Ļ쵰ΪԽ϶죬ֹ𡣱ˣĵųĸŮ洣ڣҲʱˣ
ǳĸŮ洣зƶϣڳӷĵţĸ۷ĳǿߣӷĺô㣬ӷѾоˡʹߣӷڻܶΪӷ绹ҪĿУ֪顣
Ҿۼ

֮ڣǿȫɢ˿ˣУĸ۷ĳǿߣȫӷ罫ۼ֮ڣ
ҪΡ
ӷȻʱǽδôҲ벻ġ
ڳӷϷ·γһ⻷⻷ȻûнδĹ⻷ǿ󣬿ȴҲǾضˡ
϶죬ڶ졭ҽɡ

δһʱ򣬰׾õӰ˽δǰһһڹ⣬ֱӽ˽δڡ
Ҫ֣
׾ýδھˣһ仰Ҳ˵ӷΪʱ֮䣬ȡĸ۷Ϊһ׶Σ϶һ죬˵ڶ졣
񷶦ҳա
ӷüģҲ˵ʿüĴһ⣬⣬ֱ˽δǰ⣬ֱӾͽδڵˣͬʱ׾ãҲڽδڣƳһӡ
쵰ס֡
δ벻Լɡ죬ҾҪʬΣʬ޴棬ˣ¬㣬ҶߵˣҪҲɵΪƽʿѪٴνδɣļƻʧˡ


1800 
ҳƽʿΪϣҪˡ

ǿδڵˣͳͳ˳һ̣δĺû˿ĳ룬ʿ·һ
ûİ취δģܣڣδ˵ǰ㣬ֻҪʿ˭ʥʿȥ
ܣ𣡡
һѪʱ֮䣬¶Ժȫγһ㱣¶Ժˣȫǻ״̬Ǳδץʱ򣬾Ѿȫˣû֪ʲô£㵽ȫҲһڹ¶Ժģܻ֪顣
δҲǻȥˣܲվŵǰļƻҲŽδʧȥһеĵսᣬҪ֮£ǲܣδҪƴһѡ
ƽʿռܡƽǬ
ʿӵеռȻǲֻһֵģÿһռܣǶιģһղأϵĹֱκεطܰݡ
ֻδӰûΪһĽ⣬ЩӰȫΧųӷ粻ͣתţγһ磬ÿһ˿Ľ磬ͬ㣬ټӲʣ磬һ˿С磬ȫƻģ˾޴Ĺ£磬Ի
ӷһЦĵ伮һҳҳķɢǿҵѪ⡣
ƣ
Ҫκεķϻ򵥵ֵڣֻĵ伮ڣһ֣ȫھĵ֣Щ֣ڳӷΧγһǷİͼڣЩͼڣȻ͸˽磬ڽδĽϣƳ
δļԣ治һĴѵļҲ˥֪Ҹտĵ伮Ȼʹûƽʿռܣö٣ͳͳƽ
ھĵ伮еһҳصģƽʿռܵķӷ籾ʿʿƽⷽȻҪ֪ʥʿƽʿƽⷽӷķǳء
δԼռܱ㣬ڵͬһ̶ˮ㣬ˣѾվ˳ӷǰһҲ磬ҲѾЦʧ
ӷָӽδһûȥ
˵ռ֮ţô򿪣
ѽǱδƽռģȻδûǵǳԸģڣӷҪ֪ռ֮Ŵ򿪵ķ
ۿҪɱˣɳӷߵȴԶԶƾԼһʿܸԿ𣿴ǿԵģǰǣӷΪҪ۷壬Խ۷壬ʿӷȥӣˣڵʿѾǰʿˣڱӷƵͬʱʿյҲҪӷԼȥ

ʱ򣬽δȻЦĳҲ֤δͲ³ӷɱʧȥһУǰļƻҲʧˣɳӷ绹ĵģֵģ͸ǰһ
סʿͬʱҲ޷ӳʿˣʱֽϵΪҪģһޱǿĴĺܣޱǿĴڣȥʿƬ棬ڣҲֻˣһʣһǳʦתҲĸ׳ۡ
δֲɵӣûһսδˣҲӷӮˡ
ûʱϻϢѾǿңҲµĲĻӦĴ߿
˵ûڽ֮ǰҾѾǱߴȥѶϢѾ֪һУڣĴѾɱˣ֮ǻ𡣡
ڣʱûӮҲû䡣㣬ȴˣļƻʧˣѵҲҪڣٸһλᣬ򿪺ռ֮ţֻС棬磬ͨ˰ɡ
ӷ磬浱Сˡˣ㣬ҿųģ⼸ľΪһ˵Ļ𡣡
Ҳû취һλᣬ˵ǲ˵

ӷĵѾųħʮ޴Ķħδץ˽ֱӾץ˵δȻһţʱ֪ûõģţҲȲôƽɡ
ȻѾץ˵Ͳܳ
ӷƳصԭڵɽ
Զɽ˼ӷѾˣҲѾԼʿӷ˯ڡ
ӷ磬ôˣ
үүأǳңˡ
Ѿ֪ˡ
֪ˣǡ
ӷתͷһǣȫ˵
ҲǽôȫˣѵѾ
ӣǱߣѾˡ
ʲôļһĻ湻ġ
ӣڲ˵ЩʱƺܿҪɱˣεĵˣޱȵǿǸ͵ֵס
ֵסѽ˭ֵܵס
ӷ磬δأ
ӷһ֣δڵ֮Уûн
Ѿ㶨ˣ
һ㣬ҾˡڣҲûӮδѾеһжˣǡ
̾ⲻǰ𣡡
ѽ¬㣬ԭδһֱߣһֱû֡
¶ԺˣôҲ⣡
Ǳδץвҵġˣڲ˵ЩʱǬ£ˣҹ¶Ժͻȥ飬֪δڻɱ
Ϊʲô
ΪһҪĿе֪򿪺ռķϾҪɱˣʿ͵ֵסʿҸɣָԭǸʿһ֮򣬷򣬾ҪҵĿƣҵΪһȥ
磿ӷ磬ӭش磿
ûֻǳʿ֣лԿ

δڵЦǾʡʡɣҪ򿪺ռ֮ţǾԲܵġ
ŮˣŲھͰˡ
ңҲûá
㡭
˵ӣ˵ûռ֮ţڲܿ
˵ʲô˵һ㡣
ӣǵǰ͸˵飬֮Ҳоռ䣬ҷ֣ԭռ֮꣬ܿһΡ
⻰óӷ󾪣꿪һΣ
δС˵ûռ֮ţ꿪һεġǰʿһκռ֮ţõ˴ֻءǰֿһΣҲ˵ӻسۣǳʿԿǾͱٵʱ䡣
꣡ԼĸףҪܻ֮
ӷһŭʱ
ȥ
ӷ磬𼤶ڡ
Զɽû˵꣬Ѿʼɽδˡ
ڽδʧһ̣ЦŰɣǵӣҲˡʣһΪұġ


1801 ׼
ӷ磬̫嶯ˣ
ֱӾͽδɵˣץ˵˭ûгĻᣬǳӷԼû취һץ˷ų
ڣǱߵҪȫ˵򣬾ı٣Ҳ˵һ磬Ѿһ𣬾Ǳߵˣȫסڵ磬ǣӷ绹ҪһطǾס
磬ȻǲܵģˣɶͨˣһǷŵ治֪ᷢʲô飬ĿǰĴѾڳѹӷûʱȥ⣬Ҫڵһʱ䣬÷ʩ
δһս˵һֽϵĴս˵һϵĴսӷ֪һжǰʵļƻֵ֪֮δ¬֮ˣסˣⲻֳܹӷ磬ҲǳӷķӦ˭Ǵֲġ
ڣ󣬳ӷ绹ǱеҪǿޱȼӲ󣬳˽δһûǵָһס˽δľ񣬰׾òлڣ¶Ժȫȳͬʱڽδ˳ӷĵָ֮󣬳ӷĵ̷ųδץ˽ȥ飬ͷ·ͬһʱ䷢δʿ͵ֵסҲɵȥʿӲƴҲҪץ¶Ժвӷˡ
е棬Ѿȼδڱ͵ĻƽʿѪΪ԰ӷһ𣬵׵ľ硣
ǱеĴҲǰ׾ĴѾ˷˻ͬʱξٴ飬һͷͷǺӾӾʮǿߣѾɱˣҲʹţĴ𣬾ĴߵҲǷǳٵģô˵ĵʵԶԶں֮ϡ
ӣѾȫˡ
齫кӾʮͷ˵ϣһǰشӷ磬ԭӷҪɱģǸˣΪԼҪԸδĹϵûбɣֱӾͱξٴնͷ­
ĺãµĵˣѾȫ𣬿鲢ûᡣ
ѽûᣬĳЩ˵ֻǸʼˡ
ˣˣֻҪһΪˣ˿̣о֮⣬Ҳ֮⣬һɾ޴ǿ߽һ˵ֱȾĴǿ౶
ӣѾˡ
֮⣬սۼΧΧЩǣȫˡ
ٶȻ治һĿ졣
ӣԶԷڵǣԲǵĶ֣ߵľĴѾûˣһǽ磬ˡ
׾ѾԼĵ伮ҲѾʱջأŴȫ䵽˾ŸߵȴԵס
ӷ磬쵰Ҫɱ㡣
󺰴еļҵˣȫѾˣȻҲ磬õǰʵãôҲ
㡭㣬УףǲǶӷɱ𣿡
˵ʲôǶѾ˹ӣôܻǲ
֮ǰǼһ˵ңѾӷˡ
ʲô˭ģǲúõ𡣡
ӷһҲûȥǰʵǲһľصˣСġ
ŭӷ磬˭ǴģڣĴѾˣڣǳҵڣҲˡ
ļһ
ӷûȥʵľģ
ʲôľģҲ֪
֮⣬˭ܴС硣ʵ㣬һ԰ĻǾ㵽սʱˡ
ӣûᡭ
Ѿͷ⣬Ⱥúø̸̸ûʱȥ飬ľǼһҲ֪ʲôطȥˡ
׾ǰ˵ӣһ£ʵӦøˡ
ʲô£˵ɣ
˵ǸľأʵǰĽ۷徳Ǹˡ
˵ʲô
ʱӷˣľؾǰ׾ýˣ׾õˣǡ
һ£ѵ
˵ľأǳ޵У
ţʵ
ôܻ¡ľؾǳ޵УǺӾްҹδ¬㣬ľؾǺӾްҹһҲص̫˰ɡ
ԣӣȻǸľؾǳ޵У˵а취򿪺ռ֮ŵġ
ûľǳ޵УǰǳʦһִģһѧҲǳʦģӦû֪һЩںռ顣
ǼһԸʱӦҲԶţ
磬ʲôԸ
һˣȥľأһҪҵǴ򿪺ռ֮ŵΨһϣ
ľأ˵ǸСӣ
ڱô࣬Ժٸǽ͡ȥҡ
ðɣھȥ
ӷ̾˿ľؾǳ޵УǺӾްҹԭһֱԼԵĵˣʵڰаԼˡɾģҪҵľغ֪
ӷ磬ϢǿˣڼҪϢˣԶԶǵ֮ϡô
үүҪȽδģŮǼյľ磬׾ǣȰһɣǱߵϢ̫ǿһ֮ѹƲ
׾˵ӣҽǵ񷶦ȥȽϰȫ飬ʱǰɡ
ӷͷšͽ񷶦ҳ֮ǰ׾ãˡ
ģֻҪҰ׾ûһڣ򣬾ʹ򲻽


1802 
ڳԶɽָ£׾õĴ£Ѿȫķ׼һҲڵһʱ䷴ӦõֱӴ硣
Ȼʱ򣬲˭𵽾ԵãһСɫֻܰŵλõλ赲һӣ
ʱڣӷ˲񷶦׼϶죡ΪʿĹϵʿǰһǸųӷ籾ĽŲߣȻóӷڱ仯ΪʿҪʿռǳӷ籾ΪҪһġ
ңѾˣڴ͵սۣ˵ʵһǷȱģɰ׾òͬΪħŮǾĵ伮ĻϹųػʹִ͵սۣԶɽҪоĶֻ࣬ҪϳԶɽı㣬žǿ󣬶ʱ֮ڣҲ޷˵ġ
ǵؾ֣˵ĺ֮£һ󷨣ȻȲǾĴ󣬿Ҫ赲һʱ̻ǲģģǳԶɽҲǰ׾ãڳȥֻԼϾǱǿߣе
ͬʱӷѾ˲񷶦񷶦˵Ѿ˵䣬ɳǰ֮⣬ĵطû̫ĸı䣬ãһ޴ĵãڵڵһУԭӡ
֮µλãĿǰ˽Ԫ֮ԪλûûӷѾ˴㣬ǾŸλõѡȻǾŴߣڻǽ񷶦֮ǰǱ߱Ҫ㶨
һļǱ߿Ը㶨ֻһᣬ֪ľڸʲôȻǳ޵УǺӾްҹΪʲôҪԩԼܣΪ˸õĽһСɣЩҪҵľز֪Ͼ򿪺ռ֮ŵķľ⣬ֻ֪ˣ
һֵĽɫΪˣڳΪߣ治֪ľָ˵Щʲôɾʲôû˵ڳӷҲǺ֮ǵģܼӷߣ£Ҫ֮ӷĴܻһ߸ãˣ»ǵҵľزа취δѾȫΪϻƽʿѪóӷٽһȫµĽ׶ˣҲ˵һֻᣬһؼճӷĿǰ״˵Ͳģɽδͬһ˵ѾԽһ
ʱˣδ㺦ҲѾˣļƻĪô࣬ô죬ҾҪΪ
䣬УѾðһŽɫͬһʱ䣬ڣҲ⣬¯ڵĻҲʱ֣ȻδںΪһ塣
ǲδõȻƬǿ֮ԴҪ϶죬ֱ׾ٵ顣
еȫۼ˳ӷӷǿͬʱ񷶦ڵ֮ԴҲȫۼӷΧ
ۿӷҪʼһȥˣû뵽Ȼӷ籾γһַԣܳӷôȥɣǼʲôƵģͲóӷȥ
δһʶȻ֮С治ǻƽʿӵΪǱˣ֮УȴʶĴڡΪʶʲô𣬵ͷΪá
ӷЦһѪʱ屶Ѫȫ˽δ֮ڣ
ѪĽδʶ󣬳ӷ絥һץеʼڳӷ֮С
ʱǳӷ˷֮ʱֻҪЩȫɵǳӷΪͿԽ뵽϶ˣͲٷκε⣬ԶڣδʶѾҲٷʲô⡣
ɳӷ粢û⣬ɵڵһ˲䣬Լ࣬ͻȻ˱仯ԭΪ𶦵࣬Ƕ̶̵İ֮ڣȻһħͷǶħͷ񣬻չ˰ĿڳӷһǱ֮ϣһӰǾȻǲԶĻӰɲԶȴҲڶ̶̵İ֮ڣΪһħħޱȣӵ壬ϣȻֻ֣ͷȫһģֹ޵֣еӵƬегĴ̡ͷҲͷֱδĹͷ
֮ϳֵĲ񷶦ͻȻתΪһޣһħʵ˷ѽ⣬Щӷ粢ûз֣Ƕħ˵˻ɳӷҲûз֡
ص¹ȥˣֻ˹ռ䣬Ǹţˣһ汾ع½һͳռġ
ħڻʧӷҲоʲôƵģȻͷȴʲôû
ʲôоΪʲôҸо񷶦Ϣһȫµ
˫۳ΧɨһȦɳӷȴʲôҲû֡
񷶦ڣܻеڶ˴ڣǼԪҲܻϢģһȫµϢǳ£ӷ綼ɣղͻȻоϢʿϢҪ
ʿȫƬΪǿĴڣڣҲǱΪǿĴڲ£ǣҲֻռѣû֪ڵռ䣬ռУӵʲô
񷶦ںռ֮ںռУ񷶦һôĴڣǰʴ򿪺ռ֮ţõ˲񷶦ıµõģһضɺϵķʽµõģ㣬ֻԼ֪Ҳ˵˽񷶦֮ˣռڣĿǰֻһ
ӷûжȥʲôѾȫɣȫʱǣΪ֮ȥ
Ϊ֮һͬãҲζһ£ζ֮һˡ
Դ񷶦ڵԴֿѧһˣ
ӷһץһΪ϶һ̣ڵԴֱӽ˳ӷԺС
ǧ仯Ϊκһ˻һָ͵Դ
ӷЦһãöأõȽˣҳӷ磬һսȥһȦ


1803 ̫
ӷӲ񷶦ʱȫɢ׵Ȼֻ϶ΪϿȥе߰ӣԼл͸¶ŵھľ磬δֹ漣
Զɽ˼ӷˣΪȻΪӷеˣĿǰľҲǸ˵ʱ
ӷ磬û뵽ŵ죬ѾǿӣƼҳѪӵ޿ƥеѽ
ԶɽҲϻο˰ɣˣ򸴺ļ̳ˣǳ۲ڣҲԽͳͳˡ
үүҵŵƣѾױ¶ˡǱߣҲǷǳ֪ǰҵŵƣԭġ
ӷ籾ǲ񷶦Ļʵ񷶦ӵжӷȫգͬʱǱߣҲ൱˽⡣
Ȼʣ˽Ĳ񷶦ֻǲ񷶦ı棬ڲ񷶦һ棬˵ʣƳ˺ռǱߵĴڣû֪ӷ֮ĵĻ֪ɺռǱ˵أЩʲôû֪ˡ
˵ϢѾԽԽǿˣǵʮӷ磬ô
ȳȥ󷨡
ʲô
ȥ󷨣
ǵؾ֣ôǿߵǿάס󷨸ȥǽŴ򿪣Щˣӣɱ¾
ӷ磬㵽ô
ӷһЦ˵ǲ磬ȫҲĸǺʱˡҪңȥǡ
ȥǣӣҪˡ˵ڵΪѾӵ۷ƣʵ̫ˣҲ֪Է˭Ǹʲôʡ
ģʣʱ򲻻Դġû´ĻεĽֻһ̽ˣϾǲԾԱ֤ʿδ֮Ĵս׷չһôĵزԣǸʣӦòðա
ļƻԸʿΪηʿûٷ֮ٿ϶ʿ֮ǰδ߳ɹ֮ǰ֡ԣӷҪȸһΪδѾɹʿסˣǲŻɾ衣ȻҪȫţõķǵһĴʩûУ֮ɽδԼȥǼ档
ӷν죬ڲ񷶦õȫԴá
׾ãĵ伮ȥˣȫ
ǣӡ
֮⣬ҺɫսѾŰΧУһǳְľ޴սλս֮սɾͷĿˡ
ӷѾ˽δǧ仯Ϊ˽δһƽףһѾ͵Ļƽ󽣣ͷװ磬˵ǧˣǲ䣬һˣҲǺϳġ
ǰˣٱ
ӷһսϣһ˵
ӷ֪ҪȷһݣϾ¼ЩһУ˶ϵĽδ
ƽʿδ
δ㣬ʿ飬ˣ
ʻе֣˵ȻǰɳδһҪ飬ǽδݸλӦöףҲ˵ʲôˣδ˵ġ

ӷŭһʹĸղ˵̵֮ˣ˵±Ҳǰѯһ¶ѡ
ٸҷϻδ˭ϴȥ
£δ̫ӵ£̫ӵѾ׺ȴŸˣͿ׺ͬӭӸ½롣
Ȼδ治һĽɫղ˵ĵһ仰Ҳһ̽ɡ
գ֮䣬ֻһǳս˳ֱӷߣʱ̳һ··ǲʺ̬
ӷ·ϣֱӳսȥһ·ߣվˣȫɫףȫǵȹ˵ϡ
ɸͲȳӷսſڣѾһӰӰıӵͬɫĹ⻷δĹ⻷һġ
ˣˣʱμ̫ӵ¡
ӰѾ֣ӷľ룬Ҳ׵ӣһʮ궼ӣ̫ӣҲʵĶӡ
̫ͬǴŻƽף׸ƽʿײͬûлƽʿ׵ǵȼӲҲͨĻɫ
ôˡ
̫ӿʼ˵ˣΪûдͷĹϵԵĺᣬɢƣҲǿޱȣһ֮ȻΧγһΪȻҲǳԽ۷ľ硣
ӷû̻ش̫ӵ⣬Ϊӷڿǣ̫ΪʵĶӣǽδĻ̫ӣһʲô̬أ
⻰ʲôĻǺȻᱻ̫Ӹʶƣһж֣Ϊ˵Ӧûڽδ֮ϵģӦ˵ڽδΪ֮ϣⲢƽʿڡ
ԲӦ䣬ȻԶԷһ㶼˽⣬Ǹɴʲô˵ȶԷ¶ɡ
Ȼһᣬ̫Ӽӷһ仰˵ɵĴЦ
Ȼǵ˻ƽʿѪ͸ǰͬˡʽ㣬ⶼȥˣѵΪǱߣûоԸʿķȻʥʿʿĿǰûоԵİգҪԸһƽʿ㹻ġ
ʽ㣿
ļһδȻʵŮѹ֣Լ֮ǰƬΪҪδ˹¶ԺͬˣԭʣĸסҲѹ֣ļƻΪ˶Ըʿʣһˣͺñȳʦһûɳһȥ£ֻɳΪεĳ޵УУоԵ档
ҲоʲôȥԸʿЩЩһ㶼Ҫ
ǰˣ̫ӣδȴĹǰ԰ĴڣӷҲͲҪˡ
ѵĻʽ㣬վ˵𣿡
ǸǻʵܵĲܡʽĿ࣬ʿѾˣʽĹģȻվ桭ˡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
һʽս
ӷ²ɵһЦ򣬸ʣӽɱһŮͬʱҪĶӶӱϹϾģһϣռ˱ˡһǶ죬һ̣̫ӣ̫ӵĵһᷢʲô飬ҪӷΣҵķӦߣ̫ǷʸӷԿˡ


1804 
ս֮ڣӷͻһ󼫺սھͬѰ㣬ıѣһķն޷ıڻʵҲˣսڵһУɺγɵģ֮ɢ⣬ðЩһƶսÿһֹܡ
սмλãһƽֱ̨̫ߵ˿ƽ̨ǰһӷҲһߡ
ʱ򣬳ӷɲ¶˿ţҪ֣ҲҪ̫ûκεķ֮£ԼνͶˡ
ʽ㣬òռ꣬ļжѾܲס˰ɡ
򣬳ӷ粢ûȥδȥ˽ǱߵطǲǸһмЩӷ綼
̫ôһ˵ӦһڼĿռ䣬ֻк䣬û˿ĳȣ˵ӷһֳȵڣô̫ӣǺˡ
֮䣬໥ƵĴڣڻΪˮ֮ϨһһôĽû֪
ӷʱɲ̫˵̫ķϻϻˣױ¶δоս֮ڣֻһµ飬ȷ沿ӣȫĴ
ʿѾԼ֮ڣļƻҲѾȫɹˣûʿʥʿңһϷûУʵڲףΪʲôһƬ棬ͽЩʦˣ
۽˺ռ䣬㣬֪ˡҪʿƬ棬ռ֮ڣ˭ĵ֣˭ܸвȻû˿вˣƬ棬ҲȫʵĿ֮£̫ӸûҪЩȫٵ
ʽ㣬ǸʵҲӦ֪ڤ磬Ƭеһ磬磬ȫǸǰԲ񷶦ͳġʿȻû˿Ա֤һĵƣڤǳҵϼңֻнڤ羡٣ʲܰġ
ӷ翴̫ӵ飬˵ʵʱУһֺĸоָо˿ʲôڳӷ翴һּʸи⡣
ӣ̫ӸĸʵĹϵǺܺѽȻͲּܴʸ⡣
ֻҪץס̫һ㣬ǳӷа취ͷų
ʱһ׵ʿһӹϷһƿӣǺȵĶ
ʽ㣬һ֮ã棬Ⱥһɡ
ˮһɺֱɢ⺮ɱȾǱߵѩҪǧ򱶣ʱóӷһ¡
̫Ӻעӷı֣ӷΪ⺮һ£̴ŭȻʿĻ磬ǽ׼Ⱦ𡣡
ͻأӷо̫ӵðһɱǾƸӺϢͲʿӦ̫ǺϢֱӾͽʿ˱飬漴̫ӵһţǶסʿıֱӱϴڡ
һȻӷһҲ˵ģֻӷԵֱ̫ӽһ˸̽ڡ
һĻӷûκεľţ̫ӵΪʵǳһ
ʿ»û̫ӵռ˿ѽǿߣ治һѽԽ۷ľ磬һôĴڣӣֻǴʹߵϵõˡ
ʽ㣬ʵڱǸҶѾԸȥˣƬ꣬ѾʺˣԣѾƬ棬ʽ
˶٣̫ʵˣʽ㣬ȻʥʿѾ˺ռ䣬ʿҲѾԼĽǾĵ伮أ
̫Ѿʼ˵صˡ
ĵ伮Ҫĵ伮
ĵ伮Ȼҵϣѵо𣿡
ϰ׾ģΪõ֪ĵ伮ԼϣԼŸ
ȻˣǾʽ㽫ĵ伮ɣҲô͸ʡ
ĵ伮ҴʿõģҪϽҲ԰£ûʲôϵɡ
ʽ㣬ɲ˵ΣҴǰģĵ伮ȻҪȽҡ
㣿ȻأΪ𣿡
ʽ˵ʲô̫ӣ˵ģžĵ伮漸죬Ҳʲô¡
Ȼ漸죬Ǿ͸ɡ
䣬ӷ絥һӣĵ伮֡
̫Ӽӷľĵ伮ҪˮˣҪȥᣬɳӷһգ˵ϸһ£㣬ʵڲġ
δʲô˼
̫Ӷʱ֮ͱŭҲóӷԾԿ϶̫ǰҪĿģΪ˾ĵ伮ġ
ʲô˼һʲô˼ء
δԼݣֻǸһŮˣ㻹Ϊ㻹л𣿡
⻰ʵ
ڱ̫ӵģ̫ǳ롣ûڳҵ飬Ĺ󣬿ֻҪˣĹͣȫڱ̫ˡ
Ӳô㻹ûͰɡ
սǱ̫Ƴģ꺮ͳġˣͱȥ
⻰ǶԽδ˵ǿãңһҲûС
ʲô
̫ȻһӷڵʱһѪսȫסȵϢֱӸĺϢš
㵽ʲôˣ
ӷһ֣Цңӷ磬ληġʿ


1805 ս
ϵսͲֻ֪ǽӵ˽δϢ˵ļƻѾɹˣ벻ǣ󣬳ӷȻܷΪδɵˣһŽδΪƽʿһ
ճ˵δǰҲ˵ʿѾûϷˣңѾûϷˣļƻջǳɹˣ̫ҲԴӽδõĵ伮ͬʱδǸʱһеĹͣȫ̫һˡ
ǣʵǲģӷҲÿһ¶˳ģһ·Ҳ鷳ô˵ɹͳɹġ
Ȼǽδˣʿ£ߵĴҲǿ֮һսģ̫֮ӱʵ޷ʿҲǣסʿʿڶʱڲǱߴв

̫˶סˣĸ룬벻ӷʿȻԱ仯ΪδӣԼɱ磬ܵԼĴˡ
Ϣʱ̫ӵڱһ֮䣬֮ǰҪǿʮʮ
ֻ֣һֻ֮ǰһͬʱ̫Ӹڡ
ӷ磬
ӷо̫ӵǣʱΪѾǳԽ۷徳ģԼΪ֮⣬ΨһܶԸ̫ӵģֻʿˡ
׾á
ӷһ£ĵ伮ʱ֣ͬʱӷ壬Ҳһ̣ʼ仯
Ǵ˵еʿ
̫ҲҴ⣬⣬ս⣬ЩΧŵսҲȫսӿӦ֧֪˳ս飬˵̫ӵͻȻ񱩣֧裬ȫΧ˹
̫ǰɣҽһ¡̫ӣңƬ̫ӡҰ԰ҪǾͿûǸˡ

ӷǾ޴ѾҪŴȥˣĵ伮ҲҪŴȥһ֮󣬹ʿһУȫڳӷյС
죬Ҫδһ롣
ôĿñ̫Ӽʶһ£ʿɡþơ
ӷϢձͬʱ̫ǿĺϢҲ˳˫໥ţϢϾʿģһְʲôʽϢʽͷõ³
ҳ
Ѫ𣬵˳ӷ
ֻأļһӵеĶ湻ġ֮ǰѾ˵¼Ҳǰ׹ġҫӲɱ
ĺ⣬ΪһѰ˫нΧ̫ӵΧЩ˫нû̳ӷ̫ڹ۲죬۲ųӷһ
ӷҲĳ̫Ǹս۵ļһʱԼʿỹԵ侲
Լ𣬿̫˰ɣʿû㣬û㡣
ɣδһսһ㶼̼֮ڣѰҵһ̼ĶɣҲ֪򣬵ǿһôĵ
ܺãңȻ˵ãһСӣ˾޴ķˣҸʵļƻһָƻˣǽ죬̫Ӿʰ̯ӡ磬ϡ
ղŽ̫ڵ򣬺Ȼ̫ڽΪһ壬ʹ̫ӵٴα
ǿĺϢĳӷʿȫһʿǲܱƷģˣӷ籾ѪԪأպþǺĿǡ
Ѫ棬ȼա

ǿ棬ڳӷʿȼ̫ӻеԾ֮ѪԪصƵ̫ȥ
ʲôԪأ
ҵȫԪء֮ȫµԪأ죬ʶһƬе¶ǧ䣬䣬䣡
ӷֱӾͽǸѧĸԴʩչ˳ȻǸģڲ֮ͬ£𵽲ͬЧ
ʮ̫ӣ˳ӷǰʮ̫ӣȴǳӷ仯ġ
ģ¡
û뵽ǧȻӵģµ˵Чʮ̫ӣȫͷų˺Ϣսڣȫ
绹ôͶɡĸ磬ϡ
¡¡
սڲһ޴𶯣𶯣ոɵıȫ˷顣
ӷ仯ʮ̫Ҳȫɢˣӷеֱָ̫ӣֶΣ̫𲻵κˡ
ĸ磿ʲôѽѵǽĸ
ӷ벻̫ͨνĸʲô˼ҲûʱϻУѵΪ˸̫Ӿս𣬵ȻǣҪڶʱ֮޷硣
ս̫С̫ӣҳȥһս
ӷ磬㵱ɵս޷Ŀѽ
Ȼһ֪ˣһǻۣ治һѽһǳµĶ֣Ȳ˵ǻۣѾǸ֮ˡ
ȥҾȻս
ûǸɡ
屶Ѫ
ãңƿȭӷ磬Ȼ֮ϳѪ֮ʩչƿȭǲǷˡ
飬ֲû֮ҳҵѪ֮ʩչƿȭжҲ֪죬֤һ°ɣս֤һ¡
Ļ쵰ˣϴ򿪴š
ӣս治һļӲ㣬޷ƳһӣôɣŲÿˣֱӽսˡ


1806 ӭս
սҲ֪ʲôͶɵģӲĳ̶ȣʯҪӰڱӲʣʲôǳԽ۷޷ƣ̫Ҳ˿ˣʿ֮£ֱսƳһȱڣܾ͵Ǿһٲᱻʿ֮ˡ
ӷҲ֪սļӲɲǶôӲʣ֮ѪĽ֮£ͬ㣬һơ
屶Ѫǿޱȵ֮ӷȻǿʩչƿȭ
ʱ֮䣬սڵĺڿڻڵ⣬Ҳ㣬֮Ѿʧȥ˿սսѾָˣΧͣĴţսֻ㿪ܶǵսչΪ̫ӿɻս֮ڡ

ӷ緢һЦӦ˵ʿһЦɻЦ̫Ķһ£ʿȻǲͬ죬ѹʶҪ뾡һа취ˣҲҪһطȴڣȷκ˶ֵסġ

ڹ⣬ڳӷǰ֣ڹ֮ڣһսӷ˫Ӷֱս֮ϣȫĹͷȫɺɫתΪѪɫ
ã
̫ҲǸĽɫûʶҵƿȭҲŹģ˵ǳԽ۷徳ǿߣҲƽ˳ҵƿȭοƿȭǽӦ˵ʩչģ֮ѪӷȫµѪԪأоǣ񷶦
ٿš
̫Ӵ󺰣Ϊһ£ս˭򿪣ȴĴУ˵ķӦٶȣ
ҡƿȭһɡ
޴ȭͷһȭͷӳӷȭϱսĴţһȭ˹ȥ
̫һ㶣ģȥֹӷһȭҲ֪ǼҲֹ˵ģڳӷ֮Գӷ籾ʿֵסƿȭĲ֮⣬ûİ취
¡¡
һ޴ıըڳսڱڶ⣬ʹĳսʱ֮ͬһҪըƵġ
սһȫɢ˿̣һˣһսȥսġ
֮䣬ǳսλã顭һ죬ͬڻĳըһȱڡ
ŨŨȱðͬʱӷҲѾӳսڳ˳ȥ
һӷеľĵ伮ɢǿҵѪ⣬һֻеɻ֮ʱ֮䣬ΧеսȫŪ
ɻն޾Ļ𡣡
ʿռ֮һӷеĵ伮ڳսһ̣ûٶԳսչΪûǸҪˣ佫еȫڳսϣɢսٵһ֡
Ȼ̫࣬ǳӷʮϣս˵ҲгǧģԳӷĿǰΪҪȫǲ̫ܵģʿҲܣΪӷ籾ƵģܴӲ񷶦һһ֮䣬̫ҲǳԳӷ̫ˣԣԱʿܻٶսٰɡ
ʿռܣҲֻһ֣磬ҲһָռܣɻնǾԵƻἼܡ
նһ֣ӷһսֱӾһǹĹâֱӽһսˡ
򸽽ʼССıըһһսӷ˻ӣʮʮսӷ١
ʱ̫ҲѾӳսڳ˳Ѿ⻷֮ǰҪһ֤һ׶Ρ
ҽϡ
̫ӵڣֶ̫̱ľ޴ޱȣͬһ˰㣬˳ӷǰ
ӷɲܸ̫һ󣬿ʿȴС
Ϊ𡣿ɻն𡣡
ӷ磬ΪڿסʿͿˣΪͲܷӳʿռһҪСɱ
顭
̫ӵһţޣĿг
ӷ»һ̫ӣȻӵôޣȫڵġ
ޣѵҾûЩޣܸҲ񷶦ڵ
ޣҳ
ڳӷ米ĵУͻȻһֻɫޣֻޡ
һֻͷޣҲҹ
ųޣֵܵٵ˵޳ӷ粻ܱ֤ټϾͷ޾ˡ
ãְɡ
ˣҲˣʿӷο˵ƾѽеľ޴ơ
֮޸ͷϹŻޣޣԷͳͳ
ӷãͷްѾŸͷȫˣӵžŸͷޣܷӳ޴
׾ãԾĵ伮ȥоսԽԽá
ǣӡ
ĵ伮ͻȻ뿪˳ӷ֣֮׾ñ仯ھȻһõľĵ伮ӷߵսȥ
̫û뵽Ǿĵ伮ȻԱһˣӷ绹ӵͷޣӣе鷳ˡ
ȫϸ̫ˡ
ܣŶûС֮γɣеˣһҲܣȫ°ɡ
ӷ磬ʿȫֱΡɣ֣ҫұɡ
̫зһͻأֻҳսʼ仯
ҫľ֣Ĳ̫Ӻӭսʿ


1807 ̴
ҫҲ˵ĽȨΨһĴڣϵĴڣħаκε࣬ǰͬϣڵָ֮䣬ͽһеһУȫΪУȨϵ
ҫȨѾδֹˣ˵Ѿ꣬δӳֹˣԴӾ֮ս򣬾ѾƬ棬ƬеһУͳͳӵУ
νǧǧ磬Уô˻ǿƥеģûС
ɽ죬ƥеĴڣڳˣһ֣ͻҵսƵ̫ʹĵơֻǸտʼѡ
ҫʹҳս˱仯ʱ֮䣬ս仯Ϊһ޴ľˣˣӵͷ˫ָֽţ濴ȥ͸ƵģҲֻгӷ֪սı仯ǿĴγɵģңǿĴڣԼġ
񣬺ڰƻ񣡡
ûս仯Ĺڲ񷶦ڵ֮еĺڰƻͳʿλǰǱ˾ڤ磬Ԫأû뵽죬ǾȻ˵ʽٴγ֣
̫λڹڰ֮ϣ⻷Եıǰӹͬһ·ȫͬʱҲָŹڰ
ǰľ֮սǵȷ˺պսͬʱڰΪͳʿȴ޷ƣʿϵǿʧְ⣬ȻҴֻص⣬꣬˳ʦߴ֮ʱ͵͵Ԫ봴ֻ֮ڣһֱ׷Ŵֻص䣬ȴһֱҸʣóӷ֮ĵתǽΪһ壬ɴƴֻأԣʽɳսһʱӭսʿܳɹ͵ǽˡ
̫⻰һӷףڰһʱΪʲôڲ񷶦֮ڣԭԤıģڽδʱΪ˲óӷ֪ļƻֻܽڰӡڲ񷶦ڣ˵飬ֱڣӷһô£
ԭǴ˵е֮һսһΪһ壬ڹڰͲϵļһ˵һصĳͷڣڵĹڰѾȫʧȥҵĿƸоֻ̫ӵĺҪʲôʲô
ӷѾʿȻὫڰʿǺڰͳģȴƬеа͵ģϣֻǽ˺ڰְˣ棬ڰһëǮϵûУҲ޷ȥһͳʿ
ɻնû˿ԥսޱȼӲʣ֮͵ģϻǲ鷳𣬱Ҫ̵ʱڣһ
ӷϵĽĵ棬ֱǳս
սֻ֣ȫÿһֻһȫͬһ¼ӷ
̫ʱ򲻻ʲô֪ʿǿ󣬵ս޷ֵסʿģڴͬʱ̫ҲѾһһ󵶣ȫγɵģ·һ壬޵ӣȴӵޱǿ
̫ӼԦųսҲ˵ǳսͬʱӷս
ӷȥӶ˫̫ӵϷȫǿѪ⣬ѪֱӾ֮ʱҪǳսһ
ͬʱֻޣ޸ͷޣѾӷվһֻҲʱʼı䣬ȫĹͷʼıλãգ֮䣬һ޴ˣͬɢǿϢλϷĳӷ󺰵ţҳ֡
ǡ
޴˿ʼɢܣһ÷ɢγһСãһСˣЩСγ֮Ҳڿٵı󣬶ʱ֮䣬һ֧Ӵþųˡ
ţϣǳָҲɷ顣
ӷٴһ£֧þţ˵Ҳˣȫս˹ȥɢڳսĲͬλãһĹߣǳսϣһ
̫ʱ󾪣ôҲû뵽ʿȻ֮䣬֮£һֻΪ£ԳսչЩţȫӵʿһһεٶȣӳսϲһǾ̴㣬治ܣʱһãǴҲڶϸɵ


1808 ʮ
˱֮ȻʧȥҵʶκʹĸоҲκĵĸо͸Ƶģ½ʮ˿飬ҲǱЦݵġ
Ҳˡ
òϣʵ˵ǵȻʸɾһ񻰣ܽܣǸˣҲΪʵʵҲԶǲпġ
ɾһ죬ҲʧȥҵʶʲôûУΪһܣڲڰ֮񣬿ܣҲһĴڣ˭񷶦עأ⵼³޷ǰĹƽ⣬ֱӱжˡ˳ս
ȲܹڰһﱾӵŶָ֮˶žԵʵҪǿʵʱǲһ
ӷţѾʼڳսϣҲǹڰһϣһȡţʿ֮ڳսϴһССȱڣȻЩСȱ޷ĳսκε˺ɵСȱڽһǾͳΪһȱڡ
ѾûκθоڰһҲֻγӷŲͣȥ⣬ͣȥƻᣬҪϵŸһȥǿǸԼ˺
̫ӱΪսϹڰһټԼԸӷʿģȱϣӷҲһѽǾĵ伮ŮˣѾʼսչƻԵ˺һҵսƬʢӣССıը⣬ͷ޸ޣҲཫ̫ڳֵЩͳͳ
һĻ̫ӿɲɵ֪ӷбģԼȴǵˣǱӷðĽδƭ֮ӷͻȻ֣Լһ㻹ֵĻᶼûУܹԱҲûʲôĻˡ
ʱ̫Ҳ»ȥԸģǸӷһս𣿲Ͼǳҵĵ̣֪ӷ֮ǰ׼ЩʲôһԼ˳ӷȦףǰʵļƻͲǶԸʿˣǷԸԼ̫ˡ
ӷ磬Ȼ̫һ֡Ҳ̫⣬ȴɱң֮һ˵ġ
ܣ
ӷӰһһ̣ǳսѾױŸˣ֮УΧһսҲѾ׾ø޸ˡ
Ҫҵ˵Ҫǻδһ롣
죬Ҫŵģ˵ڵĻǾһҪ
ӷѾ˵ˣ֮ǰҲû˵Ҫɱ̫ӣһǳӷû˿İգǳӷ֪һ̫ӸɱˣʾͻɱǸʱҪԵҪڻ༸ʮɡ
ɵϲŻȥ飬ʳӷôֻҪˣˣڣȫ֪Ƭ棬ǰҳҵģȻռ֮꣬ҳҵġ
ֻҪҳӷڵһ죬򣬾ͱɱ
ǰ߶ûڣӷ綨˵ҪɱˣɱȥɼȻ֪һôĴڣǿǰĳʦԸ˵һǿ򣬳ӷ統Ȼܷųݻ
ҪԸ򣬿¾ֻֿԣҲ˵ֻˡһϳʿ棬ɱٻȥڵڶǸȽѵ㣬ǲű䡣ֻҪò񷶦ھű䣬˵ǵɱӷ𣿾ԲᣬǸʱ򣬾Ϳֱɱˣ˵һʣ˶ֻ̼顣
ʿʥʿۻںռ䣬ûҵ򿪺֮ŵķǰӷ粻źݻ񷶦Ҳֻ䣬Ƕ죬۷嶼δԽ֮󣬻кܴķչռ䣬޵ķչռ䣬֮ǰӷҲźݻ
죬ֻȷ˰ˣգûôˡ
̫ӣղŻͦŵġ˵Ҫɱ𣬲˵Ҫҳ𣬲˵ҪƬôڲˣ㲻ˣңҲܾߡ
ѵ㻹Ҳɣ£㻹첻ɡ
㣬һ˷ʳֻ磬ôһ仰λһصΪҼ̳ˣȻҲҪһݸˡš
ͻأӷĵУһѪ⣬̫ȻһѪǲ񷶦̫ӿǺ񷶦һôĽ׶ΣԲֵܵסģǳԽ϶죬Ҳֵס
ħץµ㶫㶫ҽ
磬ղ̫ӿӷ䲻֪ôյģܱҲһʮǿѽͳȥĶǾǣ

̫Ȼתצ߳˹ȥһת䣬ַ˻
ȻԴֻصĵңѵҲֻ֪ӵеĹܲɡ
ŶˣⱦǰλҲӵйģֻϧ񷶦ֻңԣ񷶦Ҫôģ˵㡣ɣٳצ
צͬʱץ̫ӣҪ̫Ҳ׼벻ʱ򣬳ӷȻųʮħͬʱ
̫ҲǳصģͬʱⱬȻʮħȫˡ
Ȼ£ʮħ㻹ӡ
׷ˣ㣬ҡɼȻ㶼Ѿ˴ֻصĵҲ桭ɣʮҳְɡ
ʮ򣬳̫ӵΧʮڡ
ʱ̫ӵȻ֮ǰֱǧٱӷ綼̫ӵˡ
Ļ쵰ô쵽ġʮģ


1809 ʼ̫
̫ӾۼʮʮԻϰٸͨˣɼ̫ۼʮ磬Ǵ͵磬٣Ҳǵ硣
Ǿģ
ǿĺʮۣ̫ӵǰγһͬıֱӳӷ硣
ӷеľ޴ǰһӣ֪̫ľˣ÷ʩʿǲ֮壬ҲܵġΣǣģԵĻʱ˾ӷɲԿͷģʱҲûҪԿͷ
С桭

͵С棬ڳӷڳֱ֣̫ӵĽ
СС棬Ҳֵס̫ӵĽӷ磬óʿɣЩûõġ̫ơ
ǾͿ˭ĲɣбѵҾû𡭡֮ǿ
ڳӷ̫мϷͻȻγһ޴ıɽɽֱӳ̫Ǳѹ֮ųӷ籾Ҫǰǿ
ʲô
̫ӶԼ۾ղųӷģһڳȵԴ˵һ˳ȵԴǾͲȥԴΪȸ˵ģһֽһǽ߱˺
̫ӸͲ˽ӷ磬Ȳ˵ģӷѪԪأԪؽͶɵģ˲ܽڰԪؾۼһ壬ɳӷȴԣȻֲͬԴܽϣǾ͸˵ˡߣӷӲ񷶦õĵһԴ˵ĶһģˮҲлзҲֽ壬ӷѾϰˡ
ǿֱӾͽ̫ӵıǾĸƳʱ򣬳ӷ粻ٸ̫Ӻȥսкܶû԰׾øͷҪȫҲ̫ܣԣӷҪƵ̫˾
֮֮ϣٸգռС
ӷ˫֣ӡٶ֮죬̫ӸͿ
áȫٺˣ
磬ˮȫۼ˳ӷǰͬʱӷ֮Ҳȫͷ˳ΧһУʢӣ֮£ټϳӷռܡ
Ԩͳ֮ޣ塣֮Դգ֮ġְɡ
ӷڣʵ֮ڣһ࣬ڻţģҪӳӷƳ
ѪӤ֮ģռһѰɡ̫ӣʮɣξʮ硣
ȫʱѾ̫֮󣬰׾ٴλΪĵ伮ͷޣȫλڳӷߡ
򿪾ĵ伮޽񷣬ųȼĻ棬죬սʾǼʶһ£ƬǿҪǲ£Ҫսұս̫ӣϼȥơ
飬飬顭
ıըӳӷڵλãһֱ̫ȥ
̫ӾӵʮҲеȥֵӷ˵һ
ڵʿѾǿȵزٳɳȥòٱ伸Σ򣬻治ˡ
̫ӼȻˣҪĻȥǾԲܡ
ԳӷǿƵĹ̫Ӹ·ĻᶼûУϾʮ磬ʮ޷չҪΪһַûģҪȫӷֵҲǾԲܵġ
һٸ磬ҡ
¡¡
̫ӾȻҪһٸ磬Ȼܻһٸ磬ɳӷͲᣬʮѾǿˣһٸ磬ǻ˵á
ʱ̫ͻȻһ⣬ڣһߣֱӾһץס̫ӣ̫ӵ£ܡ
ˡ
̫ӵ£ڲ˵Щʱʿ϶̫ǿǵֵסȻȥ˴ٶԸСӡ
ӷ̫ӾȻ˽Ӧһ涴ܲû˿ܵɡ
ռʴǿա𡣡
ǽӦ̫ӵߣͷųһưĶʼ
ʰʼˣ
̫ӵ£ԤǰΣգԴʼؼʱ̣ܾ롣ǲҪ˵ôˣ涴Ѿ򿪣Ϸ򡣡
ãߣ
һ⣬Ȼӷȫɲܽӷƽ⣬Ҳֵ̫ܵãֻҪӷһԽƣӷ粢û
ӷ磬̫ӵţ˴֮ǳ֮ʱ
̫ߵĴ£ֱӽ˳涴涴Ĺرա
ʱ̡ǸҴȥɡƣƣơֱӸҳ򡭡


1810 ˴ͼ
򣬳涴̫Ӹߴӳ涴ڳ˳ԵļΪǱϵ·Ѿõģڣʮ
̫ҪһٸȥԸӷģûļհٸӷѾеһϼҡ
ĳ涴֮⣬Ǹոͨ涴Ǳӻ̫ӻߣǿߣȫۼ˳涴֮⣬ʣҲ
ԼǱӣȷһֳ裬ɸӳǣԼǱӣ˿ˣҪ֪ڲ֮⣬ŵõͳһڳܶˣʶܲģȫηʵYINˣ
̫ڶҸȥ̫ˣ˶Ѿˣӷ磬ҸƲҪʬΡ̫ŭĻ⻰ô˵ǰֳܱǱûɣһǱŭ˳ǲ͵ڸʵ
ʣҡ
죬ûõĶ
̫ӻδ꣬ʵĻҲδ꣬û꣬ͻȻ涴֮ڣٳһѪɫǿ⣬ǿ⣬ֱӳ߳˹
֮Ѫֻ֮ص
ʶ΢΢ԾĽϣУһһδģѪл⼸һһ޴ʯ׹
ط½ϣʵ˷мλãĴ½ĺ֮䣬ӷǿȫһ⣬޴ʱγһױȵ֮䣬ͽӷˣ
ϾǳӷĽϣʣƽˣֻǽȫ׹䵽ĺȥ
¡¡
½Ϊ֮ӷֱĺ󣬴Ӱпȥжһ޴У޳Χɢͣ·Ҫ½̲Ȼ½棬Ļ
еǿߣȫˣУһֶǳԽ۷ĴڣǳǿеĳǿߣҲټǿ
ʣǳǡ
ûõĶˣȻ˵֮ıȴһһҲû
̫ӵڲŷӦԼ̫ܵˣǱߵսӣȫûͨ涴涴ҲѾʱرա
Ȼûᴩ涴ǾͲлˡӷ籾뽫˵ģڣ̫֮⣬Ĵ˵ȫûǱߣû˿·쵼ָӣѵӷŹ
ȾĶʮȻ˵ˣȫûʣʣܡ
ļƻѽû뵽ͷȴһգʧ˴ľӣʧˣ
ڱһУ֮⣬ֻǰĳʦӵǿû뵽¼ʵļƻʧˣʧܵͬʱͳһܱƵʿʿݣһǳһȻǡֻ֮ģ
һɫĴ󽫻˵ղҲǴΪԾֳԾǶݣܿͻָ
ͼ°˴֮һΪ֮ߣ̫ӻҪ˵򣬳֮⣬Ϊǿģ̫ӣ̫ڻûʸ̳ʵλãµİ˴һ֮£֮ϵĴڣ̫ӣηǰ˸֡
ʵ̫һۣʵδأ
ʣδѾӷɱ
ƻʧѾˣͲҪʡ
ɽδʵŮڳӷʣ˵Īĳ裬֮ǰǳӷڶʾģƵģ
ͼ
ʲôԸ
ͼʹһɫĿӣûд·ɫĿǰɫ磬һɫʡ
Ըʿжİգ
ͼ˵ʿһǳѲĽɫȻڵʿѾƣǾûǰô¡ǡ
⣬ͼû˵ȥʵ˵ͷͼ˼˵ĵģǴֻأ
ûСӳʿĻ֮⣬ͬʱǴֻ֮ĵת㣬ʦŵķǳãǱʷ꣬ɵһİţѾܵλˡ
ֻأˣ
̫ηηʣŵ䡣
Ŷ죬ͼûаգ
ֻǵĻǵã˵䣬¾ҪԳˡ
ţǾδ֮ǰ˲ʿֻ֮ģҲҪ𡣡
֮ģʣǱǰ˺ôðΣղŴӺռеõġ
˱۾ռʱϣηı顣
ռ䣬꿪һΣδѾǰÿˣҪٴο뻹Ҫ꣡ʱ䣬ʲôĻͳռ䣬ռ䣬صĺ½ҲǺĴ½ˡͼȥ׼һ£ʲϣٿͬ鷢㣬ûõĶھȥ֮Ѩϼɡ
֮ѨΣյĵطͬʱҲΪõѡ֮أ̫ȥ֮ѨǳͷǼνΪ֮⣬κˣȥˣǻңҲֻļ̳ˣʸȥ֮Ѩȥ˵֮ѨΪԻʮʮǲٵġ
̫ӹǰ˵лʣϾȥ


1811 ս󲼾֣
֮⣬Զɽ֪ӷѾ˵о˳
ʢӸطڷűըԶɽ̾˿˵ҳΪƬô꣬һսȴô磡һѽ
ѽңȷǸ˺öĹɴڿʼ˵һϵһƬ棬ڳˣƬУ˭ҿġ
үүڲʱȻ˿̫ӾԲݵģʣһǿ߹£ôսÿһսǼӲޱȣˣȥսڵļһȫʣµսҲƻֱձ˰ɡ
ӷɵսȫ̫ӴôԼȴһˣô߼սӷ磬ڳӷ˵ջɴء
ֻĽ٣Ķˣʧν
顭
ʱ򣬲ԶִһıըӷȻתʵʲô£
˵᲻ǵִˣ
ǴţǼ
ʲôļһȻҸƻȥֹǣЩսҪ
Щսһձ࣬Ϊӷãӷ绹ԶЩսоĹ죬ν֪֪ˣܰս
ƴţǼȫ̸˹ֳĻƴţǵ⣬Ц磬̫ˣһȥЩսϴʵţƺѽ
ţͷͷţЩսõģȫҴصȥõϵ˷֡
⣬еˣҪЩսȫصȥоǵȷҵ˽оģǣô࣬ÿһսǾ޴ޱȣ÷ŵʲôطȥأͬʱһ⣬Ĵָðʲôط
룬ĵȫڹڵĻô԰̽͡ЩȫǵĶѽ԰һ֪ˣǽоһһȽЩսռùȥоġ
Ϸ˵ûվԽĽǶȣȻҪһʱΪ£ڳôսһģΪĸ׵Խ첻ǽڽͬʱһ뷨ǾǶЩоԴƽйĿƼչ
磡
ӷ綪֣Զɽ΢΢ͷǵ֮ڵһռ䣬ȷþĵɱǰҲȫµġ
硣
磬ڵ֮ڵĿռ䣬ԭǧֹļ磬һռģֻŮѵʱѾˡ
ǲռ䶼Ǻܴ󡣡
⻹гǸͽ˹
˹һһΪ֪ģǸطλڰĻ޴ǣͨ˸ͲܽȥǷɻǴһǸطͻʧȥƣΪӵо޴ĵĴų֮⣬г󷨡
طһӦùˡ
үү鷳һŽĹɡһһҪҪ졣
ձˣǱһǿ߹ģʱҪģԲܣⱻɱֲ
ӷ˵үүڵΪѾָ۷徳磬ôĻƽʿѵͲ֪Խ۷Ĵ𣿡
ѽԽ۷壬㣬ҷ棬ֻгһ֪Ҳδκ˵Զɽûʹ¡
ӷ磬ѵѾҵ˳Խ۷ķ
ھĵʱץһʹߣϸղŸ̫ӵĶԾѾµһˣҪ֤ʵһ¡ȫ˽Ǹ飬ڰû֮ǰҲ߻ǿԳּԽ۷徳Ĵڡ
£ԶԶȷҪҪĶ࣬ϾǱ߳Խ۷Ĵ̫ˣһʹߣǵȴڣӷҪ콫¸ˣô쵽ģԼĸ׳ô쵽ġ
ȻȻӷѾˣҲһİգһնûУƱץδǸʹǲ˵ġ
򿪲֮ţ飬ȽԶɽȥˣԶɽı㣬Щ飬ȳӷҪĶࡣ
ڳӷ磬ʱѾ˲񷶦ڲ񷶦ڣ˵
УʹߣһȺСţڵ֮ڣûѵĻᡣ
ӷڱ֮ϣǰĵеı仯ÿʱÿ̶ڽţѾʮС͵Ļ磬Щ磬ȫһĿʼֻǲ񷶦ŵ䣬ڸ޷ֻȾۼһĻ磬ӷÿһǿߣõһСĻ磬Щ磬ͺñһһӷ罫񷶦䣬Ǿ֮䣬øϣеĻȫܱȫµ硣
ôеɡ
ӷۣŵеʹЦ
С㲻ú
ڲúˣ㣬Ұɡˣһ£Ѿص˻ͬʱĴոҲѾˡ

ʹߴЦһ˵һǳұ𡣡
ѵ㻹֪Ѿ˾ĵ伮ȫסʿ𣡡
˵ʲôȻ
ˣڲǸ˵ЩʱǵĴѾҵʿˣǸʲô̫ӣҲҵʿϼȥˡ
̫ӣδģȻ̫ӵ¡ĳСͲ̫ӵµĶ֣ͿһʿǱ¡
ǺҲҵı°ɣˣҾʿʿҡ
ΣƵʿܷӵĳʿռ˭֪ʿһƣͻſߵĽŲߡΪͲܽʿӵޡ
˵ûˣڲ˵ǵˣʲôԽ۷ģ


1812 ۷֮޾
ңЦˣռĿʨ֮ӣȻ۷֮ϵľ磬Сӣ㲻úܺЦ𣿡
ʹڵзЦӣͲǳӷ罫ҲѾ򣬱Ͼ֮ǰѾڵмӷ˽δδʹ֮ϣȻδвˣʹ߿ɲҴκεİƱ
ӷУһ׹⣬ʹ߿϶Ҫģô˵ǳԽ۷Ĵڣ˵Ϊܵ졣
ʹ֮ǰӷҪĿУȫ˽۷֮ϵĴڡ
Ȼ̫һսʱӷѾյ˹ؼڣҪ֪ģֻϸڰˡ
Ѿ˵Ǹ̫ӣѾʿ֣֮ѵΪ۷֮ϵĴڣһ㶼֪磬۷֮ϵ˵ģԷ񣿡
Ȼģʹϵı飬Ȼ˱仯˵Сӣ֪Σ۷֮ϣΪΣյ𡣵ȻܴӺռĻ㣬Ŀǰľ˵̫ӵ£Ĵʱɱÿһ̫֮ϣΪ۷֮ϵľ磬ڵΪӦ𣿡
˴
еǿߣǲѽǸ̫ѾǿˣϾʿԵֵסǰ˴̫֮ϣ˵ΣŸոտʼӷ߲˿ĵ򣬾³
Ȳʲô˴۷֮϶ȫ˽⣬Ǿӵʿ񷶦гѪȻûõġ
棬ҷա
ӷһ£ͻأʹߵΧȼһɫĻ棬ǵһ𣬿ԷͬʱҲԽκһǿߵ
ûбӷ緢ӵǿҵĵزӷĿģֻΪĥʹߣھͽ

ҽӵдӷЦôһζɣ
ӷ磬ɱңһŹġ
᲻ŹңҲûʲôϵˣȻҵôĥ㶼УһãܵģǵһЩ
ˣһУֱӽʹߵָ

һҽУʹ߿ԼĶ־ǰֻҲ֪ɱ˵֣죬Ȼӷ
ɿֲ黹ûĲֶΣڲŸոտʼ
ӷԾһССʹߵ𣬳ӷֻ֡ȥ
Լ֣ȥ
ֶΣδţ˵ˣ࣬ûгԼİɣУҲǷǳϡٵһޡ
ʹ˶ˣڱһյͬʱӷ仰ɱĳ嶯ڵУӷУҪɱ̫ܡ
СʹߵĶֱ֣Ӿʹʹ߶ĳͻ׼ȷ˵Ѿ˳
ӷ磬㲻ˡ
ɣɣֳֻ֮󣬾һֻ֣ټһֻˣ֮ȫλҪԼԵԼ
㣬㡭Ҫ˵ʲô˵
ӷ̾˿ΪļһͷжӲأԭҲ
ȻԸ˵ˣǳӷҲʱͣһ£˵֮ҺԼ³ԼҲĵ
˵еʱ䡣
ʹһֻĶϱۣΧĵһѾɢȥɫףʹʵ۷֮ϣûκεľ硣
쵰
ӷһŭļһȻˣңǾҪصشۡ
ûƭ㣬ûҪƭ㣬˵ģġ۷壬ѾΪǿľˣռ֮ڣҲ۷ӸߵĴڡ
ûгԽ۷Ĵڣ̫ӵǴģ
˵ʵ۷壬ߵľ磬ǣֻ߾λ˵ˣҲ˵ǳԽ۷ģΪ۷֮ϣͲˡ
˵ϸһ㡣ǵ۷λϣʲô
ӵģСڣһšӦ֪ÿһԴߣһС棬С棬ԴߵСһԴ߱СڣźܶԽ࣬Խǿ󣬵СڵֻһĴڣÿһӵеƵģҪһ𣬲ܷӳںܶǰʶ⣬֪СЩõСۼԶԶǣǰεʣ취СЩһ죬һʸоˡ
⣬ӷĿʼţҲ˵Ǻ棬ʲôȥǿСеЩҲǿСڵ򣬲ӵųԽ۷ŶӦ˵۷磬λϣȥǿ۷
˵
ҪǿСе򣬾ֻнˣһʵ磬Сеϣǰ˵СУһš
ڵСڴһţ㵱ɵСԴߵı壬һκѺۣԴߣ˺
ûСһǾ˺ҲҪʲôԴߡһΪ۷ľ磬ʱСҲ㹻סСģҲһǰᣬǵ۷壬򣬱
ʹ˵ûԶɽΪ˾ЦΪΪΪǿ󣬵۷壬ܻסСģˣˡ
ҪôСÿһţʵСĽô£
ҪСڿһţҪȽΪ۷壬֮ǡԶڵһҪСģֲǺҪĽ޸һ룬ĽȥסһĽʹһĽԵĹ̶ͳΪСڵһˡȻĽҲΪռǿ㣬ֻҪҵλãǿһֱӹԷС棬һ
ӣⳬеĳҲģֻҪҵͲ̫ˣ˼ҵΪѾȾ磬ȥҵǰĽ𣬵ҵˣ֪˶ٴˣ͵ͨΨһһǿߣĵܽĻǾǧҲܱסΪԼԼˣˣôܱס
ӷ粻ȥʹߵĻҪ֤ʵһ£
ʼ۲壬ӷ绹淢֣ڣаĽȴķǳܣȥ۲죬Ҳֻеҵ
һ֮ôʵ磬Сڵϣ
ϣǾҪӶᡣ
Ӷ᣿
ʲô˼
Ҳ˵Ҫõһ磬Ǹ㣬ĺһеһȫ㣬û˿ķĺģӶ磬С֮ڣСڵһΪһ壬ֱܽӷʮʮԽ࣬Խ󣬿Щʵ磬ԵСУҪҪʱȥϣʵͻΪС±ըͬС棬һը
ԭνĳԽ۷ĴڣŪ𣬿Цǣۣˣ
̫Ӵһ·ɱ˾ڤ磬ǲ˵ѾڤӶˣ
ǵģĻӶһǰʽڤ磬ʵڣֻ̫ӵѹˡ
һͿʮʮ㣬Ǹ̫Ѿչʾˡǣжٸ磿
ʹ߻ش̫ʱѾӶ˺ܶ磬֪ǧˡ
ǧ磿
Ҫ֮ǰ̫һٸ綼ûϣȻ鷳ˣ
ԽԴԽ࣬Խǿڤ磬ռ磬Ҳǵһ磬̫ǰܸʿõ˾ڤ磬ֻҪܽڤСеϣ£ʿԶԸһǿ磬Ըͨˡ
ļһȻ̫Ӷ˾ڤ磬ںԻδϣȻ֮ǰ϶ֹôˡ
ӷ磬ʿܴ̫ӣպһ̫ӽڤϽС棬ɱʿʿҲδɱʱ̫ӣΪڶʣǳң͵ɣλʵǿ󣬾ʥʿҲֵס
ǾͲ㵣ˣҲûȥˡѾ֪֪һУ㣬ҲûıҪˡ
ӷ磬㡭
ɣ磬ͳͳҰɡһ𣬸Ҿķա


1813 鷳ļһ
ʹߺ󣬵УֳһƬС磬ƬСȻûδƬȴҲڶˣģŮ洣ƶĸ۷ҪǿĶࡣϾӵźüļһͬʱӵе磬Ҳ֮ˡ
ʱ򣬳ӷѾȫ˽⵽νĳԽ۷壬ԭֻһ׵ķʽ͸ԼʱԲ񷶦һֻԽ۷ףĴ۸ŬҪĶ࣡
Ȳ˵ԻٽСڿһˣʵֻǸС棬ֻҪ۷ģװ쵽ҪӶ磬ͲǼ׵ˣҪһ糹׵ʹеһУȫ㣬û˿ķνǱȵ컹ѡ
νףѣʣ治֪Щһô쵽ģӷҲһʱ̫ˣû⣬ͽʹ߸ˡ

ûӷϸһ룬˿֮⣬ûȫһ磬Ӷֶȥһ硣
磬Сϵķ˵ʵڵģڳӷ˵ǴΪӷͲҪȥӶκ磬Ҫȥκ磬Ϳ׾ٵӵ磬ǰǡ䡣
죬䴴
񷶦е֮󣬾ͿԽеЩ磬ͳΪһȫµˣЩ磬ȫǳӷͳģȫǲ񷶦ͳģΪӷãǱȻġȻһǰᣬǾǣ۷壬ܵ۷ľ磬ʲôǿ롣
ѹǰֵǰ⣬񷶦ʱȥκģ
ʵˣڲ񷶦Ѿڳӷˣ˵ӷǲ񷶦˭Ҳ޷ȥպĳӷ磬ΪǿĴڡ
Ҫ취콫ΪȥòͬʱʿѪҲԵ⣬Զɽ׾ãҪΪΪ̵ĺܣҲ˵ҪгΪԽ۷ĴڣҼ磬ȥӶһ¡
ã
ӷһղǸʹ˵ʲôţ̫ҲûãΪС˴
뵽һ㣬ӷ뿪˲񷶦ʲô˴ƺܿͻˣÿһ˵̫֮ϣ̫ӵǧ磬ô˴ҲӵɣЩ磬ȫǱߵģԲӡ
ǣˣȫѾˣԶɽȴڰžǱߵֱ𰲶ط磬磬˹طκҲ޷ֵģʱ䣬طˣȫѾ𣬿ҲǿţڳΪ˾أǺܺô
磬鷳ˡ
ջصǵĳӷ磬ͱƴţǻƼңԼҵŶδͱ˹ȥ
ƴţ˵ӷԼһ鷳¾ͽӶΪԼҴԺڣǷĴУȫۼţ⣬ĿߣʿȫۼԼҡ
ǲ鱻⹫֪ˣ
ɲȫ֪ˣЩս飬ڣڴ⣬ڴ⣬ҿѧоԺҲڴ⣬һүͷȥˣүȫȥѡˣ԰̸㼸ڼﵲءӷ粻ɵĿЦһ˵ǣʱȫˣʣڵЩô֪ģΪʲôֻ֪йڵˣҵû
Ǹ
ѸǼŮ˴¥Ϸ˵ҪǸˣ˭ʹһ֪
ӷȻһתͲµˣ
ƴţ겻СӿǳϢˡ
磬𼤶ⲻܹѽǲӰһСģ˵ȥˡ
ļһԼ£Լȥճ
ճʲôսѽǲ֪ЩһﶼƵģҪвһǣ˭Ҿ˭һҪˡ
սѽ£˭ѽ
ҲܣԼȥڻҪȥһˣүүǱôˡ
Ȳȥ磬ǱߵүүߣһˣҪһ¡
Ŷ˭ҪôģѾȫˣô˵ģʱҲ
ľء
ӷһʵҵˣ
ҵˣǡ
ʲô
㻹Լȥɣ˾¥ϡ
⼸һȻľشƼˣӻ治СľؿǸΣѽ
ҲϣֱӾ¥һ䣬ڣһ΢΢֮Դŵһ˸Χ
ҵʱѾһϢˣַֻά
ӷǰľأһ嶼ֵģʱܻʧ
С棬ʧˣұȰС޸á
ƴţ˵磬Ҫһ̫Ǹˡ
ֻпܴ򿪺֮ŵģԱҪȡ
ǺðɣǳȥţԼҪСĵ㡣
飬飬顭
ͬʱ棬һľ죬ӷʵ滹ʲô
ˣǻӾĹСǸ׾ãǷӡҼҵĵҾûˡ
ѽߣѽΣ
ȥǣǵСͻӡһһ϶죬һǵ죬һܳɾ޴ƻᡣ
ģǸ׾õķӡǿܲġǳֿţ㾡촦һɡ


1814 ־
ӷ绽ã׼޸ľصС棬ȻѾӰ׾õĿ֤ʵһǳ޵УǳӷҲûʲôù˼ˣȽľؾѣδ򿪺ռ֮ţô˵ģӷҲȥʣȻȻҲǲ뵽һġʱ޵е׾ֱ۷ʱĵǺȻģǸʱľؾѾ˼ˣһΪʲôҪƭ㣬Ӧľû취ˣƭͱӲ磬Ĳʣ鲻Ը֮£ͨ涴С˵ģһߵķһߵĳ涴ΪԣľؾֻƭǣС棬Լˡ
Ѿ˳ӷ⣬ʱľصȫ
£ϵģǰĵˣʲôطʲô£ųӷ粻ŵĵˣ񣬳ӷ绹ҪһЦѽ
ںܶ˵ҲõĵˣǰĵˣһΪѣǾͽһǳǿϣΪ˫֮䣬Ѿǳ˽ˣʲô£ҪԵģһ֮Ľ֪ԷЩʲô
Ѿʼ޸ľصС棬С漸ȫˣڻʣһÿʼ޸ľصСʱӷ緢֣һСе򣬾ȻԼĶϰٱֻһ򣬶ǱӡˣھʱľҲΪϾģƬ磬ľعģֻƬ磬Сеһˣûне򼤻ҲӦ˳Ӱɡ
εתӦþǷӡЩСҪԭһΪ˳ʦһ仰Ȼʱ䣬˵Ҷò
ӷ̾˿վԼǰϣľؾļһվǰʦϣľأӾްҹ޵УλһļһǶԾϹųĹĴڡ
δΪ򣬳޵Ϊ˾ڤ磬ʵ˵ڿɶһΪ˸ԵĿģ˺ˣ˿ǻ쵰
ӷ粻ٶ룬õ޸ܿڽţľڵС棬Ҳȫ޸ˡСȫ޸õһ̣ͻأӷ벻鷢ˡ
ľصСڣͻȻһɲľصľصСȫ޸õһ̣ӷ˳
ӷȻתĳֱӾͳ˳ӷڡ
ʲô
¡¡
Ƽңȫӷڷİ裬ҲȫڵأãڲͣĻζš
ãǲ񷶦һ壬֮ǿѾҪˣɸղŴľСڳȻãóӷȥˡ
£ڷš
ӷȻһͻأ񷶦ʵ壬˳ӷͷΪڷڣ񷶦ʵҲûб󣬿񷶦ȻɢϢ
ܣ񷶦ΪʲôԶ֣ΪʲôͻȻӵϢ
Ҳ֪ǻþǻӷ·𿴼񷶦ڷű仯һԼԺֻӷ˵ʲô·ңԶߴǾԼǶ˵ţܳӷôȥ
񷶦ʱһħͷǱ仯Ҳ̼䣬ֱܿˡ
ѵۻˣ񷶦ղǲǲ˱仯Ҹղǲʲô˵

һóӷηڳӷӷ֮࣬Ҳ̷Ӧ˹
ʲôˣ
顣
ţ˳˿ƴţǼȫ롣
磬ʲô£
ӷӰһ˷֮⣬棬ʲô˶ûС
Ǹղûз˽
ûѽ
ܣղڷڣ˳֮Ĵڣ
ӷ磬ǲ̫ˣƼҴԺڣû˵ģǼһ
ܣղȣֱһһء
ʲô
Ҳ֪ٶȿľˡ
һۻˣ
ܰɣҸղŻ·˵̫Ҳԡ
Ȼӷ統ȻˣΪղڳӷԺͲ磬ҲƬ棬ӲΪǸԺռģҲԲ񷶦ġ
¡¡
ڣڲ𶯣ӷлƴţȫվԼ󣬹֪ᷢʲô¡
Ϥ
ûȷϤΪǡ
Ұֵ
ʱľأӴվ˫ۣҲѾˡ
ˣ
ľأ
ľؿųӷ磬ȴû˿ı飬һֱûУֻ˵һ仰ֵ֮ˡ
ǧ򣬱֮ţ
ôһ仰ľֵ˴ϣʧȥеֱСѾ޸ˣûΣˣҪѹ˵ǲܵģΪľسС汻֮⣬ȫϣϾ͸ʱͰ㣬һˣ
磬ղ˵ʲô
˵ǧҪ֮ţʲô˼
ӷǰһľص˵ڵһûʲôˣ
ʲô˼
Եϵҽѧ˵Ѿһֲˣֲѹֲˡ
ô죿֮⣬ûܿռ֮ˣ
Ȼǳ޵УӦ֪Ҫռ֮ţղŵ˼ѾĺˣǲҪǿռ֮ţҲζţѾˡ
ռ֮ţΪʲôû
־壬ľأӦڿռ֮ʱʲô־֮£ˣӦҰֵɵģСڣҰֵҸղ޸СʱҰֵĲ˳
ǲǿΪľر֮ǰ
ţӦü
Ȼռ֮ŴˣΪʲô
ǲӦǡز
ôܣԳŶˣôܻز
ӷεı˱۾˵ˣֹסҰֻ֮·
󾪣Ǵľȣ
ֹס˳ۣ
ʲôЦ˭ֹ˳ۣ
˵ôˡȥ磬үүŹù£


1815 ʱǨһ
ĵѾȫٺˣҪ磬Щˣʿ˹ǵطͦģǱߣҪ˹ٸǧսҲȫǸɼЩսоĹȡ̵ʱڣսΪӷʹõġ
ǵǰӷոսԴ֮ʱһ磬ʹɶ˫ϵ磬һ
죬ٴ磬˵ĵһ磬ӷ绹еİϤϵĸо
ҵĳʼ˵Ǵûõ۵ĴУ治֪ҵ·ô
󣬳ӷһҪģۣھǰѾȥ¥ˣ֮ǰŮ洹ѺۣҲѾ֪٣Կ϶һǣۣһЩʱûиŮһ˳δҲӦûǲ磬ҲûΨһȥĵط硣ôҪУͲҵĵ
ӷҲûȥ۵䣬ȻԼһʼǵõĴУǾȥɣһͨˣЩµļһ˵ҲһҸ˰ɣ
ӣطѾһˣܸоطǸʱе㲻һ
νһ죬һ꣬Ǹһִ԰ˣһ죬ͬһ죬ûκεķֱ
֪ӷ磬ǰԼĸо߳ӷ硣
ӷ˵˵һ֮ģ֮ǰĽڣͬʱҲǿԹ۲쵽ڡߣȥ֮Ŀʲô춯ûС
һȺˣųӷ֮ģڳԶɽæ׾һ̸֮ҲһֻɣлгҲڣˣûμⳡ顣
֮ʱӷ翴ΧγһǱĤƵĹ⣬Եķǳǿ󣬱ӷϴһʱҪǿ౶Ҳ֤֮ģѾұҽ׶ΣһʽС
ӣҵĹ۲죬طķʱ̶ǿ·о˾޴вƵġ᲻йأ
ӷ˵ͷ˵ĵһǱһˣǲܾʹ˰ݵġĸ磬ȫǸ̫Ӷᣬ̫˵һʮ顣
ӷûнĵ˵̫֮Ȼ֪ġ
ӣ᲻棬˹
ţŰ˴ڣӦþǰ˴ˡȫ֪İ˴ǽ֮µģ̫Ҫ౶ǰ˸ȫ֮ĹˣֻǳǿҵķǾ˵ģֻһ
ܶǿҲһˡʿͲҪʲôˣ֮ȥ½ô硣
ˣ
ӷЦһ˵磬ڵ֮ڵĿռ䣬еķڵ֮ڵġҲ˵ˣѾˡ
ʲôѾˣΪʲôһӦûУ
Էһ󲻵ĳǿߣҪϢǼǳ򵥵顣ȻѾˣȴû϶֣˵ԷӦòǸ嶯̫֮ӵҪصĶ࣬ҲǸǳѲĶ֡
ӣڸô
ʲôԲӦɡ
ʱâ֣ԶɽѾˡ
ӷ磬ˣֵˣԶɽʵ
үүģİ˴֮һȻһ֪ԷһôĽ׶ΣȻ֮ܳΪͲСӡ
ţӣ飬Ѿ˽ˡ
ûνĳԽ۷壬Ѿ֪ˡ£ȥʱս׼ɣЩ̬һа׾øǵġ
ǣӡ
뿪󣬳ӷȽԽ۷˳ԶɽˣԾ˵Ӷ磿
ûʵ۷֮ϣͲκξˣǣֻǽʵ磬Сϣ㣬ҰҲɵġ
˼˵Ҳˣ
ŹùãĿǰ˵ֻүү׾òŰĵˣ첻֮үү׾ҪȥӶΧ磬ʱӭս򡣡
Զɽ˵ͷ˵Ѿ׸ôˡӷ磬ΪҪģǰֽӻûܶԸˣʣҲǶԸ˵ġ
ûǹؼֻҪܻҲûʲôõĵˣҲŲȥ
ӷһЦ˵үүŹùã£ǿҪʧˣ
ʲô˼
ΪĿǰز
ʲôռ֮Ҫ꿪һ𣿡
ռ֮ţпķľѾһˡֻ㿪˺ռ֮ţҲز
Ϊʲô׾ʵ
Ϊںռ䣬˽Ұָ赲
Զɽͬʱһֹס˳ۣʲôЦ
ӷ磬ѾСˣЦܿġ
ŹùãûЦ
ôܣ˭赲ס磿
ҾͲ֪ˣ֮ľأҲǰĳĳ޵УǰѾ򿪹֮ˣûлľطǱˣû֮ǰ޸ľصС棬ѹһ̣ǧҪ򿪺֮šľصԸǸʲôµļһΣȴԵļΪֲ˵һ仰ֻȥˣѹԣǺռ֮ڣӦ󲻵ĴڣǴڣǿԸҰġ
Զɽ˵ǵı飬ӷԶɽˣ˵үүҲ̫ˡȻְʱزռĴڣӦҲðû취ΪľصСڣ˰ֵӦľش򿪺֮ʱɵġ
Զɽ̾˿˵ֶ˸ضֲΪ֪ĺռ䣬治֪Ժ󻹻ʲô֡
˵꣬Զɽֱתˣܶ飬ѾΧ֮ˣνǰˣһ˻ˣʱѾʱˣ


1816 Σ
ӷ˵İ˴֮һ˵򣬲֮ĵķ󣬳ӷ籾Ҳоһɾ޴вڵϣָоһţѾûˣճӷ㣬Ӧ˶֮УʱԼչȫ棬ǰڵĹơ
ȻĴַôͲһʱ֣ǻԶΪڶ顣Ҳ˵ӷ粻һֱ磬Ҫ̷ضȥһе׼ֻҪһ߻ˡ
صʱԼҷ滹һвλĸˣǲƺĲĳ˲ݡ
ԽΪӷĸףͬʱҲһ쵼ˣὫսԼϣԼĶѾǰˣȫƵӵȥԼҲԼٵ㸺ָʹ˵ĸ
λǶһˣǵĹѵͲ𣿡
Խε̾˿ùӲҲùҪЩһǸԵĲſЩвȴ𲻵κεá
׳ôҪңΪǹҵĿƼչΪҹδҶҪӻ
˵ĸŵĸˣԽǸ㲻ˣЩһͷˣһǳԲã˯ã궼Ҫѽ
Щͬ־Ҹ˵ٴˡҶӻһǵ˼תģһȫⳡоԽ˵һԾŶѵҶ𣿡
Աһ׳ǲǲ˵ʵǲĶӣ
Խתͷȥ˵ģǱˣȻǳ۵ֵܣҲǳӷıɡ
㣬
Խһ֣˿ΧȻһָԼıӡ
ǽ㡣
ЦǰɩѽҸ
ļһ鷳ҲˣӵҲܹ֣ʲô˼
ɩ治ҵѽʵǼ˼ûʲôˣһӷϢ˵кܶսӷǲš
ãܺáһûĵļһ㵹˵˵Դλ֮ҿҪʲôʱܾˡڣ鷳Ҳ鷳һǳӲǰɡ

˵ͻȻһЦԼҴԺ⴫
һתֻһԼʮ꣬վſڣ겻Ǳˣ뿪ĳӡ
ӷ磬ˣ
һʱ˹ȥͬʱӵ̵󣬲˹
ȫˣһˡ
ģԶʳŶûС
˵ջƣװѸƴţӣư
ư붯ǰɣʵ
־Ͷ֣ѵǱˣٲɡ
ٶȸӷ̸ãǵסư
ЩһҪˣ˵ʵǼǳӷĳӷû취ܶǶְɡ
ȫס֡
ڣؼʱ̣ӢۻˣһȳһյӢۣʱ䣬Ҳ࣬ǹӢ۵ȴû˿˻
Ժڵ˼Ӣۣһ͸ӼèƵģӢ۸Խ첻ͬԽΪһ׳Ҫȹȫ֣ںܶʱ˭ܵӢأΪίϯ˭µģȫľƹܣҲ˵һ
Խ
ȫϹϾӢߵȺм䣬˵ǻû꣬ˣ浱ԼֳˣȻﶯ֡
磬˵ͬЩˣҲû˸Լҷѽ㲻׳ӣҲҪүѽҪү˵µģүӸλү뾡˰취ǣ˶ҲˣԣǾֻˡ
ε
ãǰɣҸǣҴƢãǼƽϣӸջû˵ϼ仰ģЩһͰ鷳ȫˣʲô˼
ӷӢգԼȴһҲںǰ˵С˾ˣҪǴɣҲûʲô˵ġҰҪˣЩǲ·ȽϺá
Ҫˣ
粻ʱ
һ̣һӰǼˣˣһʧ
ѽûӷ˵Ҫ˭Ҵ
ӷ磬ˣ
ӷҡҡͷ˵ҪһȻ
仰ȻûΪӷ֪ղЩˣһǶ֪۵ģ˵ûã͸ɴŻһǡ
ӣְָ㶼뿪֣꣬ôη壬ǿʨѽ
С˾ˣڲ˵ЩʱһҪ飬Ҫ㻹̸һ¡
Խʵӷ磬ջĸúģҴ绰⹫ţϻ
ûʱˣ˵ĵʱ򣬾ͻܶ˵ġ
⻰һԽӢ໥һۣӣǳء
ǽ˵
Խʵӷ磬жأ
裬ڣһˣҵĵˣ˽ȫвԣҪͨңȡϵǸ˸ҳ
Ӣ۵˿ȫвҲ̫˰ɡ
ӷ磬ʲôˣǿ󣿡
һռģҲ֪ôǽ֮͡ҪһǸҳܿ϶ǣѾУȴ޷϶ʲôطйҲĹҡ
Խûжʣ˵磬ȥ֪ͨӡ
һ¡ãҪˣҲѽҪи֮İɡ
ӷ˵ⶫǸ˿ûУҲûֻ˵һޱǿĴڣΪЩʲô춯ص顣
ǺãҲϸ˵ˣֱЩڶеĸָǿߣһпɾ̼
Խ֪ۣͨŸ̨棬ϵϹ棬ҳ


1817 ս
磬ҪѾˡ
ƴţǼ⼸춼ڿǿС棬Ǽͷʹ飬ļǱߵȫ˹ǿҵʱӭս򣬸ûʱȥģӷҲΪһļǱ߷˴ַ档
죬ӷлƴţȥǧֹ޳ҹǧֹһˣҲǷֲ˳ң˵پһӷǰ뽫һ£ʱ䣬޳ˣ˸˰ɡ
ڻˡ֮ǰǶ˵Ϣ̸˻
޳ԵĺܼӷʱȽ϶ϣҲΪ޼ҵľӱлӷġǧֹǸǰһˣûʲô
Ȳ˵ģǰһܺõĻᣬҿԽǱĳǿߣҲҪðյģΣգ֪ǸҲң
ǧֹ˵ұǸˣϣûв顣
ǧֹȻöʣûʲôҵġ
أ
޳˵ֻҪһ仰ҪʲôС
Ǻáһ϶죬һ졣
ǧֹ޳ɶѾ֪Ϊϵľ磬ǧֹڵΪǺܸߣ˳ӷǰ紫ͻĵҩΪҲֻʥһľ磬޳ɾ͸˵ˣʥ綼δڳӷȻ˵ɳǿߣһջͬʱҲһΣա
Ҫ˵޳ɣڵΪֻ۷徳磬ʥδұҪһǿС棬ڣһ϶С棬ڵΣգӦĵ
ԣӷҪС棬ںϽ޳ɵڣ޳ɳҲˡ
ӷûҪģҲ޷֤᲻ã֮һ룬Ϊ޸СںϽǵھԲ⡣
Ҹ𣬾Ѿе׼ǸƶҶѾ׼ˡ
ܺáǧֹ㣬ҲὫһ϶СڣֱӳΪǿߡ
л
Ƽ֮⣬ƴţȫڵȴţͲ֪ӷҪʲô
ͻȻڴ޳ɸǧֹĲҽûƴţǴ󾪣Ϊʲô£Ҫȥȴһǿֹסˡ
ͬʱѾϵҹУһǻҳԶ׹ȥ׹һ̣ԵޱȵǿȻγһǿĻƴţǸ޷ܣһȫӣҪǿս
ʲôǿ
䣬û´ĻӦӷ˵ΣѾˡ
粻˵Ѿ𣬸ղô£
ǡ
硣
Զɽ׾վ֮ģ½硣
үӣӣģһѽ
ţһӦòˣɢǹ죬Ӧ֮ġ
ڸô죿
ߣ֪ͨ˹ȫۼǱߡϷû´ĻԷͻȻ֣Ӧս֡
ֱӶ𣿡
ⲻ̫ܣӦòֱӱ¶ԽδЩ磬ӦûУܻ֡

ʱ֮ģͻȻһЦЦ硣
Զɽ׾Ϊ֮һļһֱӾɱ˰ɣ볣Ͳѽ
Ѿˣӷڴߣʱֳٴ죬ʥ۷ǿȫۼ϶ǿߣ׼һʱӭս
үӣԷ̫ǿ󣬿¾֣δػԷǱ빫
ûʱˣӷҲˡ̱ɾĵ伮ܶá
á
׾ñ仯Ϊ˾ĵ伮ԶɽһӣԳμ֮ĵ伮

⣬ȫ֮߳˹˲ٶȿ죬һ˵֮⣬ӷΪ˲ֱӽȴǽˣֱӽ硣
㣬ǳҵμ
һӰ֮ĵӰֳһ磬ȴû£ſӵļһΣйһģֻͷһȻǳɫһ˴֮һͼ
Զɽֳ־ĵ伮ƽףĵ伮ڻƽʿռܣ塣
ŶԭǻƽʿӣǳһкС
Զɽʵİ˴
ûǰ˴֮һͼģǰҪֱӸǿսģֻ泡Ϸˡ
Ϸ
ļһЩʲô
Ϸ㻹ʸϷ档
磬ȻҪȽǳ˵ĵϸˡ⼸Уʥʿ۾Ͳ˵ˣʿӷڰ£ûʱ㣬Զɽ˳ȴһֻƤϺꡣ˵ûɡ
㻹˽̫ģ磬ԣǳ˵ĵϸˡ
Ȼģһ˳һ׾ãǾǱߵħŮͬʱҲǾĵ伮ĻӵǳҵѪҺȻǳҵһŮˣһ
ܺãȻʲô˽ˣǾͱϻˡ˵ɣô
ɱˡ
ʲôɱˣ
ֻһɱϷ쿪ʼйĵطʱصɱˣඨһڱ˵࣬˵ͷǳˡԶɽ֪ͨĺӰɣڱ£ȶˡ
䣬һŵĶ˳Զɽǰϣд֡ս顣
ͼµս飬ǶԵµս飬Գµս飬ͬʱҲͨԶɽԳӷµս顣


1818 ӭս
Ƽ֮ڣ֣Ͽճͨľ޴ն֮Դͨն
ӷѾС棬ǧֹ޳ɵڣҪС泹׸޳ɶ˵Ϊһ壬Ǿͱ޳ɶ˱֮ԴȥǵСڵ֮Դ͵ǻѪ㣬ǳ˸Ӥ͵ĻѪС̫ǿǾͺñȳˣ޳ɸǧֹ̫СǾͺñӤҪ˵ѪҺӤڣҹӤѪҺ֮ڣǳӤҪܵס֮⣬Ҫϡ
ӷһһε޸޳ɸǧֹܽСںΪһ塣
ɾʱ򣬳ӷͻȻоһǿǵضֱӾͽƼҸѹסˣǳ죬Ӧòӷһʱܿ϶Ӧ֮
ļһȻʱˡ
ӷ˫Ѫ⣬ԵļΪ͸ͬʱ˫Ҳ͸ˣ
ҹУƾۼֻһͷޣ֮ϣһ߳ӷδŵĹޣһһֻӣȫ׵硭Ӧ˵ֻޣȻԿסе׵硣
׵磬ȫҹƼ
̼ˣоѹʧ֮ȫ˻Ƽ֮Լ˵ϣӲǽ׵ֵ
ʲô
ֻޣ꣬Ҳ̫˵ɡ
ֻޱһͷҪʮȹһȲж󣬾ƾ壬Ըɾ޴ƻ
Ҫ֪й׶ǾԲܵκ𻵵ģȻͽȫΪԵ⣬һ𣬶ѷɫ
һдۣҪס
ӷͬʱҹҲһ
С㻹ǸĴڣʱ򣬾Ȼ飬ҪС滻˵ȥַδԹġ
ͼ
˴֮һͼոմֱ˳ӷ磬Լûж֣һֻȥӷڵλãĿѾˣǣסӷ硣
ļһ
Ǳ
ֽջأ㵥һս
ڿɲǵʱʿҲ϶޿κΣղţսҲѾ͵үүϷʱˡ
ৡ
ӷڵķŴ򿪣ԶɽѾ
ӷ磬ǼһҪɱϷҪֹ
үүʲô
Ŀǰ֪ĿģɼȻսѾˣǲֹɱĻһ͵ˡ
ãѾʹˡүү׾ȥֹ
Զɽֹȹ׵ذɡ
׵ۣͼֻޣ֣֪һֻ׵Ϊޡ
޳ɸǧֹΪؼʱ̣ʱӷһ񣬵һģ޳ɸǧֹͬʱСҲұƣĻŴ͵ˣڳӷʧνСѽ
ȱǼһӣڲܳκ⣬Ȼĵ伮ͻܵ𻵵ġ
ӣͼӦѾ֪˳ӷ飬ʱ֣ӷ߸ƻģֻҪӷʧȥߣǶھĵ伮Ƿǳġ
쵰Ȼʱңӣһ̫Сˡ
ӷ磬ĵ伮ǳǿıһʧȥ˾ĵ伮һǶ˵ɾǴĺˡԣֻѡ񣬵һԸƾ磬޾ɱ¾ڶǷĵ伮ʧȥߣ뱾һս
ӷ粻ͼǲƻĵ伮ʵ׾ãүүֹ֣ܲ
²̫ܣ̫ǿ󣬱̫Ӳ֪Ҫǿٱ
Ǻã֣һʿȥԸ
ʲô飡ӣҿû޸ѽ
ģ޸Ľ׶ѾˣֻһС棬׸ںϾͿˣӦÿ԰ĵ
ãҾ;һ԰ɡ
ӷӰһͬʱ׾ó˳ӷԭڵλãסС档
ſҡӷ磬㲻ú
ȫڴУǴǧֹ޳ɵڷġ
֮£Ӳɱ֮ļһӱ
£˴ͼ
ܺãǽʶһ£ʲô֮ʿѰɡ


1819 ʦ
ӷʿֱ׷ͼŶӷĿǰԿ϶ǣͼ̫֮ϣԶ̫֮ϡ
֮ǰӷ̫Ӵ򣬶Եе͸˵Ǳ̫ӸǿĴˡ
˿Ĵ⣬ÿһ뽫ͷųңӷ绹Ҫ׼ÿγʱɵӰ죬ɲǾģɾκεڣˣͻܵ˺һɾͲͼɱˣΪ˳ӷʿڽдɱ
վס
ӷӰһͼǰ
ͼһſƮų޾⣬ӷʱҲͼǼ磬ȻǸΪһģ·㴩ȥġ
һʱΪһ˫һ˫˸Ĺдףд࣬ļΪ죡ӶΧȫɢ˿ΧУȴγһ⣬Щپۼգۼ䣬γһ硣
ӷ֪Щ磬ͼ˫γɵģǹȻҪͼɢӾ޴֤ͼӦԴ˫
ӷǰɣҿʿǰȣжĲࡣ
ͼڸҪ̽һʿΪİ˴֮һԣǲǰڤһսģҲʶʿ
ɽʱͬգǰʿǲκοƵģû˿Ƶ֮£ܷӳ޾ûκεĸԣǵȴڣȻΪµġڵʿѾӷƣһӵƣǾͻźܶ㣡Ȳ˵ģӷ粻κ˺һ㡣
һ˫ѵҾûˡ
ӷҪ뽫ЩƳΪЩ磬ͼһֵ֮ġ

֮ȻӶҴǿ֮ųӷߺһơΧ磬̼ͱɢˡ
ΪʿɲꡣҲֻǷӳʿʮ֮һˣûеʿһ㣬ͲǱĶ֡
ͼЦһ˫ͻȻǿҵĹâֹâѾˣһִ۵۹⣬̫ͬĹâһһַۺɫʡ
âɣ֮
ͼĹı󣬴˿̣һ˫޴ĹͼҪʮ˫ͼΧ
۷׾öûСô쵽ģ
ӷ磬϶쾳ЩЩͬϰСɫ޷ȥܣǵ϶쾳磬ҲȾĸ֮֮ҲֻҪ˶۷ܻġ죬֪ʲô۷徳硣
ӣͼӦѾ֪ӷ֪۷֮ϲûκξˣȻͻƵ˵һѷϻ磬Խ۷Ĵڡ
ʲôѵ˫򣬻ܸҵ֮ⲻɡұ䡭

ӷҲһ˫óޱȾ޴󣬵ӷ粢ܸͼһųıҲӡ
ɣʿ췣׵ۡ
飬飬顭
׵磬û˿Ƶһ׵γɣγһֱߣֱߵľͷͼֻ޿ʼ񱩣ΧһĹ⻷ϳͼӿȥȫͼ
С档
ӷͼһұѾԼ˹ӷȻҲҪȸԼγһ㱣ˣҲͼֻǿһôĵزһԼԼС棬õġ
֮ǿ
ӷ˫ִһӡ޴ıɽ˳ӷϿգӷţֻȥ漴ֻѹȥ
ͼųӷʩչԴͬʱǿ󣬶ңųӷ籾ǿ
û´ĻӦԴֻصԴɣ
񷶦ңҾǲ񷶦㵱Ǹʣһ˻ˣѾ֣ͲʸҲ񷶦ǰš
ӵŴֻأʿĻȷŵʱӷ磬һܺõĶ֣ԭ˵ǲм϶ԿģڣȤ׵۽ְɡ
ͼޣȻȫʼȥһϵƤڣһļ̳ĸһֻ⬰㣡
ͼһӣǹϣһ֧ëҽ֧ë޶˹ȥëƮ޵Ϸǲɢ˿γ˺ü֣޵ϣγһס
޴ף
ͼ
ˡ
໡
Ƿ˱仯ޣȫһͭɫףһ·ԴһӲĴ̻ŵѾǸղֻν׵ˣһֻޣһֻΪޡ
ӷ翴ͼһУʱ˹Цҵʲô˲ģ˰죬ԭֻǸʦѣԿһеΪãκһֻ޽ǿĹޡûҵ޸޻Ȼ񲻱˹ȥ
Сӣ㻹еʶûǿʦһޣΪáڣͿʿֵܷסĵһֻޱˡԭΡ


1820 ҳƿȭ
ͼıȫͭɫĹһɫģӷΪСû̷ҵĹԼССȥ̽һ£֣Ⱪϵףͭǽڰ㣬Ȼ֮޷͸
ߣʮߣͼʮָǱһⱩһľż㣬ܵͼİţͼʮ߿ű˫ϻǳͼϷƵģָ΢Ѿʼӷˡ
ӷҲͣĶţûнзΪӷ֪㽫ǱҲûõģͼǸʦܿеޣ˸ղŵ׵ۣ׵ɵı֮⣬һΪãҲ˵ӷֻܶ㿪Ĺֱӽͼã޽ͣĳ֣ӷͼĻᶼûС
޴ĹͼͣĻӶţӷҲѾ֪ͼԴǹȻұ֤ÿһ˶ͼ㣬Ϊǿһ˫ϣͼȴˣС棬˫֮ڣ㡣
뵽һ㣬ӷѾ˽ķ
໡
ӷ˹ӷʩչգۼ䣬Ͷ˱Ľˣͼ
ն˫㻹ôޡ
޴ڳӷУӷ˫ֱֽӾͳͼĹ˹ȥȴϣͼĹϣƮƬëƬëʱ󣬽ӷΧסڳӷͣתγһС
ӷ磬ӣѾ˱㡣Ϊ˱㣬ܸһҲ̫̫ˡ
ȷͼ˫̫ۣҲеڶˣȻ۵Ĺõ˵һʱ뵽ͼڣôõ˿ģҲܳΪİ˴֮һѽ
ӷһǷУѾڳӷϣһѺۣʿǲ֮壬ܿ죬ӷϵѺ۾Ȼ޸ˡ
¡
Ȼһӷǿ֮иɢͬʱƬëҲѾƮͼǰ
ͼֻƬë޵ͼС
ͻȻƬëųǿҵİ׹⣬ͼеëһë״Ĵ󽣣һƬëͱһɫĶƣ޽ƣë״
ôӷ磬ʿǲ֮壬Ĺͬͭǽڣ޷Ƶġ
޷ƣֻҪƳһ˿ѷ죬ͼûϷˡ
һս˵ǸոտʼӷҲûʲôֶΣ֮ǰҵһܵս
İ˴ˢӡãȻˣҲˡսڲſʼ
ܺã˵ʵʿҲǱһҰɡ죬Ǿͷһս
ңıҳҾǲӦõģҲɵϣϢָ֮ߵһֻޣ˵һһУҷ֣㽫Ҫŵ鰲ź֮󣬾͸ߵҵ⣬ǲֱӶս飬ⱳصģû´ĻӦǸ̫սɣ
ƿȭȼǿӷǰһΣһѪӷ޴˺ڲͬˣӷֻҪ仯Ϊʿʿ֮ȥʩչƿȭǲԳӷ粻˿˺֮ʹƿȭǿ
ȻӷѵΪͼԼģ·սԼɵӣԼҲɵӣЩսĸ߼ͼһ³ӷͨЩսסŻַɽӷ磬ڣޣѾʼ磬ȥЩսˡ
Ŷû뵽ȱеҪĶ࣬ⶼ㷢ˡ
Щһ治֪˵ʲôá̫߹Լأֹ̫ǵĵˡˣʿλʶηʿҵǰ滨ǻʸ񡣡
˵滨ƣ˵ʵڵģľؿɱЩһĶ࣬ÿһλӷʶ
ͼӷȫ֮ѾǣͬʱһŨҵѪ⣬Χ֮֮⣬ͼȴ󾪣Ϊһʱģû뵽ôͱӷˡ
ңƿȭ
СеʶȻʶҳҵƿȭ
֮ǰͼ˵ӷеʶ֪ǿʦڣֵӷ˵ͼˡ
򣬰˴֮һҵ뿴һܷ񵲵סҵƿȭ㵲סǾ߸һɡ
ã
񷶦ҳְɡѪӤҾѰɣ֮Ѫ֮ɡͼҳҡƿȭ


1821 ͼսԶɽ
ͼΪӷᵥʿԸԼϾոսһưߵ˵һȫµĵʱܻһԼʵʿηĴ֮һӷӦʿĵͳͳˣ֮ǰҲˣͼ벻һʼӷȻͽһеĵƣȫʩչ˳񷶦ֱӻʵ壬һѪɫӤѣʿѪҪʩչƿȭ
ҵƿȭǰҲʶǸʱʦʩչƿȭʶԵֵ֮ѾˣͼΪ˴֮һڳҵƿȭȻҲǷǳ˽ġ
ӷѪϺüʩչƿȭͼ֪УԼ³Ҫ̫ӸӲң˫壬ܱס˫ԻܵԵ˺ˣҲսˡ
ȻӷȥӲӲͼսĿģҲֱӷ潻棬ʱͿֱϳӷˡ
ûʱȥ
ܣһ˫˵
ƿȭֱӷͼƾ˫еٶȳԽ˹٣ǰһţţ֮š
ǵеһƽпռ䣬޴ڵģҲûһ׼ȴλõţֻǿŴ򿪣ͼҲ㹻֮š

ӷͼѾŴˣ룬ԼȥֹЩսԼƿȭӲʩչĻͲҪͼˣԼƿȭͿԽеսһ룡
޴Ѫɫȭͷֱ׷ͼڿ֮ŵĲԶӷ̽һȭ
ͬʱ֮Уٿһţ֮ţԶɽžĵɱ
үүþһа취ֹ硣
ӷ˫һֱӳͼߡ
Զɽȫʢƽ׸ȫ
ƽʿ֡
ƽʿʿһ£ʿƬе˵ˡ
ͼҲеɵۣΪͲ֪ңȻһƽʿΪƽʿͽδһڽδӷɱ֮󣬻ƽʿҲʧˣ˵Ǽ£û뵽ѽû뵽
ǳңȻһ֣Ȼһƽʿ
򣬰˴ǰɡղ˵ǵ۷徳磬Ҳܻ˫ģ죬Ϸ֪ܰ쵽飬ǳңܰ쵽
䣬Զɽ󣬳һ⣬ٵγһ˫̬۵Ľ⣬·硣
ͼյŵſڣû뵽ԶɽĽ⳯˹ȥͼһѣֻоԶɽڵʱ
ƽְɡ
ƽʿҲһ˫һ˫ȫΪƽɵĳ
Ľ⣬֮ţʹ֮ţ𽥹رա
رţҲ̫ˡҽƽʿ֮ޣȫְɡ
໡
ĺ⣬ͼΧ֣漴һֻֻӷ˴δޣͳͳˣϰֻЩޣħ޵𲻴ֻͼϵëЩʱеޣȫڽű仯ÿһֻ޵ϣһס
Թ⣬׳أ׺աҹȥеսͳͳٵ
ֻޣȫͼ磬δȫر֮ǰЩ޻һ˽ȥ
ãүүһｻˣҽȥסս
ãٽȥ飬үү
ͼЦһ֪ʲôǿĿʦ𣿡
䣬ֻͼĹȻɢ˿һ˫ȻΪ˫˫˫󣬱Ϊ˫
죬û޼

ͼ壬˿˫ͬʱֳͼÿһͼӵһ˫
Զɽлƽ޽һӣһ˻ޣȻˣǾͱȥˡ
׾áĵ伮
ǣүӡ
ɣʶһҳҾĵ伮ƽռޱɱ¾ơ
飬飬顭
Զɽƽ˫ӶĽ⣬ϳԶɽĻƽ޽ȫͼ
ͼȫۼһγһȦȦڣһͼڣͼУһ޴İͼڳ˳
أ졭ɱ
ԶɽЦһϷǰϷųɣƽռռϷ򵲡
໡
ͼ벻ԶɽĻƽȻҲ̼˫ƽУһӻƽڳͼİԣ
ͼûнԶɽһҲںǷһЦ˵ȻҪͱûвµĵ
ĵ伮İ׾úүӣǿʦܽһΪãᱻյģ
ǾϷ
ʲô
ͼҪȥƳԶɽɲôƲס
顭
׹⣬һ𣬾޴Ĳ˷չ
ͼ󾪲ԣⲻܣԿռޣΪʲôƲ
ԶɽЦѵ㶮ýС֮ڣϷͲ𡣡
ͼʱŷӦ
ѽΪǿĿʦԿеޣĸռĶܿơѾˣܿƵˡ
ԭ㽫С棬֮ڡԶɽΪμ
ٷϻɣޣϷûãϷҪϷͱֱϷС棬ССޣ첻
Ȼް첻ǱС棬С桭չ֣汬Զɽȥɡ


1822 ƴűѪ
үү
Զ̵ȫ˹֮⣬оŴߵİ˸ոںСǧֹ޳ҲϹˡ
϶ĸоȻڲͬ޳ɸǧֹյȾ磬ȻҪҵطһˣųԶɽĵ伮׾û֮޳ɸǧֹѾ಻סˣرǧֹΪһ˵ģӵȫµ˵ͬʱҲӵԴȻ֣࣬Ѿ㹻ˣһǼܣκι±ԼһغԵ磬֮֮ԴΪ֮á޳ɾ͸˵ˣԴ͹ǿԴȻģȴ˽ģ㣬ҲǳʦǰѾźõģУһԪ񣬸ԺУھҲֻľز֪Ҫлѹ֮󣬲ܳ׸ЩѾҪˡ
ŸѾȫۼŴҲѾȫΧ˳ԶɽΧԶɽΪƽʿϾŴĵ伮ҪԸͼϣġ
ɣϷʶһֶΡ
ͼȫѾ磬һʦûЭҲܷӳ̫Ψõģ˫ˡ
ͼɢ˳ԶɽλȫΪԶɽСڽ֮ڣޣͼҲ޷ƵģΪĳ˵ԶɽĽѾˣǳԶɽһС档
ڽ󣬰صͼߣͼҲûȥԸԶɽԶɽҲ˫ⷽ棬˵ǲµĴڡ
Զɽֱӽһգеľĵ伮ֱƶǰһҳһҳķڰҳʱѾǳԶɽļˣԶɽʿ޷ھҳ
ĵ伮ĵڰҳУǿޱȵͬʱ׾õһӰҲѾӾĵ伮ڷ˳֮ɣ⼸Ϊһ壬ʱ֮䣬ŴĽϣγһǳӷеⲻǸ壬ʵڡ
Զɽ˹һֻƽ޽һ˫ƽҲڿٵĻӶš
˵ǳԶɽڶ֣δһսһս⣬ȥԶɽδֵģǰкļһ鷳ңһֱпʨš
񣬿ʨռ䣬ҾֻʣһһˣΪ̫ףܶʱ𲻵õģʱ˵۳ˣǾҪ֪֮
¡һǳԶɽȳ֣϶£ͼ˹ȥ
̵˽ȫչ˽һһȥͼŰΧڣŸڰΧסͼ󣬽ȫ˾ĵ伮ϣ׾õĻӰֱӽ˾ĵ伮ĵ伮ϣͼϷһѪ⣬ѪͼϣʹͼȽɫȻҲһˡ
үӣѾԾĵ伮ѹסˣʱ򣬸һ
׾û䣬ԶɽĻƽռʩչ˳еΪȻѪʱ񱩡
߱Ѫ
߱
ӣԶɽҲǻȥˣӷʿ񷶦壬ղҲֻӳѪɳԶɽȻֱ߱ѪϹͷûκλĶѽ߱ѪһҪʩչƿȭǶڳԶɽ˵˺
߱ѪԶɽǲҪɲʿƽʿûв֮壬߱ѪʩչƿȭĻɱԼҲҪ
һֺξ壬ѵҳһɡɣңƿȭ
ղųӷҲʩչƿȭַˣڳԶɽʩչƿȭ˵ĵһ;ʲô£ջصġ
顭
޵еĳͼ˹ȥ޴ѪɫȭͷػͼؿڣͬʱͼȫΧһȻƿȭֵֻƿȭǿǧ֮ˡ
Զɽ˳ƳȥƿȭûֹͣǷһУҲûãƽ޽Ҳûãûȥǣһˣȥ
үүʲô
ֹүӣҪǼһͬھ
ȷ˵ʵԶɽûлͼİգƽʿȻǿ󣬵ҲֻƬеǿѣûзչȥͼİ˴֮һ˵ǳ֮ΪǿĴڣȴڣԶɽܲƴ
ȫϷ¡
ǳ˹ԶɽƿȭҲѾ˳һȭδһΧһУΪУǿ͵Ѱ·
үӣǧ嶯ȭɣӦÿˡ
ͣˡ̣Ϸ
үү
죬㴫žǡ
̱Զɽǿǿȭסˣ޷ǰ벽֮£ֻܹԶϱ
Ϸӷ磬̽ӹңΪһļ塣
ʱ򣬽֮ӷ磬ûиԶɽΪʲôԣ֪һսǱô֮ǰ¼֮λ
Ҹļ岻ͬҲѾǸˣһһϵ⴫λϣԲܹ⡣
֮ڣ֮ڣ
үӡ
׾ãҪúøӷ磬ɾһӷߴκһ֪һ򣬴һ
׾һȻ˳Զɽֱӳ˽ȥ
Զɽδ꣬׾Ѿ˳ԶɽǰںڹⱬүӣˣˣȫһŹǵġ
ȷԳӷԸԶɽս˿ɾͶˡǣƿȭѾڶѾˣҪֹԶɽ
׾ãʲô
ҪɡƿȭȻֵסҲܿƵסԾĵ伮Ļ֮٣ү˳֮ǰʱסǡ
ڣŮкηԸ
չ˺үӣ˳ƿȭΧｻˡ
ͼЦȭѾˣҲѾˣǾȫ°ɡհɡ
ͼһȻҪճԶɽƿȭ𣬵ǹճԶɽ
ãһȻѪ˱Ѫ
˱
׾ñֱӸĿѪͼҲ߱Ѫǿ֧ţڰ˱
ԶɽϲģȻ
ϷѪǲ֪ߵغѽɣհɣհɣ㱬ΪֹűѪѪ


1823 ΨҶ
űѪǿƬˣԶɽڵԾűѪʩչƿȭҲǻһȭһȭһʲôˣ
ӣԶɽҪɱͼͬʱҲҪѽ
Ϸһˣȫ˳򣬽ԺΪأ򿹺⡣
ԭԶɽһҲ뵽ˣڸûȥˣԼǱߵˣûȥܣ˵ʵԶɽֶθҲǺܲǵģΪ˲ӮκһԶɽҪߣ䲻һ䲻𣬳ԶɽеһУܹóˣǰһѾ㹻ˣһĻǾ͵ǳ׵
׾ѾԶɽˣĿѪʱ򣬸޷ĵ伮ȥֹԶɽˣȻ׾ãˣͬԶɽڰ׾ǿһ볡ģ㲻ʲôԶɽûҪ֮
үӣǲĺġ֣ˡ
ȷ˭ԶɽԶɽͬھַҲõģ׾ǱҪ뾡һа취ȥֹԶɽ
ǣűѪûֹܹȫһ𣬾ǳӷ磬ֹ˵ġ
ԶɽŲô࣬Ϊ˳ңҪ
ʵԶɽˣֻΪ˳ңȫ磬Ҳϧ㣬ڸһʼʱ򣬳ԶɽѾֳˡ
̵ҪڸͶˣǱԶɽˡ
̣ѵ㣬𣿡
ԶɽԶ̵ǰһǽסƵģҪǰһ졣
үүҪ̫嶯ˣӷӦϾҪˣӷһԲʿĶ֡һ£ְɡ
ãܺá
ԶɽЦһȻûԼĺԼҲ͸ȥôˡ
ȫҹ򡣡
¡¡
˳ԶɽͷǿϾűѪʹ̵ˣȫȥ
ãүҪǳǹģ뱣ǵԼϵˡ
ŮҪôˣүӽ̫ƫˡϾŴǵֿ
ǵһΪʹԼ
׾һҲȫŴΪһ壬׾޷ĵ伮Ϊûҵ˺ĵ伮
ԶɽԿͼҲЦ˵Զɽ죬ʶʲô롣ЩЩ£һˣ
СݵôԲѣϷǰ㣬ϡ߲ߣһȭϷǷˡ
ͬǣЩһɱĻҲˡ
ҪвϷ֪һžۣϷв𡭡ƿȭƣƣơ
ԶɽûȥκˣűѪƿȭֱӾͷ˳
ԶɽҪ𣿡
ٷϻȭɣҪ޻ء
϶Ƿӣ衣ӮˣҪɱŶûС
ܣ̫ˡ
ʲô
ͼȫѾƿȭסˣܣԲܡ
Զɽ㲻ú
үӣֹͣ
׾üԶɽһȭѾҲܲôˣȫڹʢҪֹ롭
С棬޾ǿգںء
һǿҵĺڹ⣬Ӱ׾ڳ˳ȥ
Ů㲻ҪˣС壬ġ
ڹܲôˣҪֹүӡ
׾ҲƴˣС棬ֱӳ˳ԶɽȻҪС棬赲ԶɽűѪƿȭûʲôֱ𡭡
ԶɽоһǿӺȻת׾ãǲǷˡ
үӣұҪֹ죬Ҳܳ¡ҵС棬ƿȭ򣬸ͬھɡ
û˵סűѪƿȭۣһס
ܲôˣסҲҪ
׾Ѿƿȭǰ棬С棬һźڹ⣬ڹУֳӰ
ǧħ֮塭ƣ
¡¡
ƿȭֱӳ˰׾ã׾ֵܵסƿȭ
ͬʱ֮Ŵ򿪣ӷ˳һۣͿ׾õС棬ƿȭˣźڹ⣬ʱɢȥ
ʲô£
ӷ磬ŮȻȥ赲ƿȭ
ʲô
赲ƿȭӷ磬ɵˡ
ӷ磬ϴ뿪Ϸ죬Ҫء
үүҪ⹫Ƕûġ
ܲôˣΪ˴򣬱Ҫ

ֻ׾һҽУӷޱ䣬ͼѾƿȭ˵ͼһĹҲѾ
ĳԶɽƴ㣡
ӣֵֹסƿȭҪҰװ
׾Ҳ֪ǴʲôطģӷһűƿȭԼ赲ˣҲ赲ס
ɾʱ򣬳ӷϷ˲񷶦ʵ壬񷶦Ҳڷű仯
ӷˣȻҲڷű仯ȫãָʿϣֵļ⣬ʿûаˣǿ౶˫˫һ˫ĳֻ˫ĳȫɫģޱȾ޴
ǡʿȻˣ
Զɽ󾪲ԣʿȻԷ仯ģ⵽ôһ¡
ڳӷԺУͻȻһ޾Ĳ֮Ѱɣδĺһˡ
ֻأڽϣʱ䣬ҲһֹͣһеһУ·𶼻عԭʼӷԭԼʿҲûʧһ˫ɫĴ֮䣬ΨҶ


1824 
ӷ翴Լ壬ǲ˼ı仯Ҳ޷ĸо
壬ȴʿ˫ɫ޴ޱȣ֮ǰͼĹĹһҲʾȻûз⣬ɫУ˷·֮У
ʱ䣬ڳӷ磬Ӧ˵ʿ仯ָ֮񷶦ҲѾʧص˳ӷڣղŲ񷶦ĳ֣ǴӲ񷶦ڴӷ粢ûҲûˡ
¡һ죬׾õС棬Уҵıը
ӷȻعƽ׵ĳԶɽΪ˾űѪȥʩչƿȭ˵Ϊȼյ˾ͷϵĻƽ𽥵䣬һĲλʧˣ΢΢Ļ⣬׹ȥ
׾õСѾըԶɽѾȼյ˾ͷû뵽һ˴ĶȻΪӷҪȥֹͼޣ򣬳Զɽ׾ãҲ³ˡ

ӷһĲǱˣԼ
ԼĴ⣬ͲӦүүȥԸͼڣүүȻ˾űѪ׾ÿΪֹүү磬ͼͬھŻС汬ըġ
Уڣ˽ʱգԼߵȥһǳԶɽ׾õĻǾԵԼ̫ûˡ
ɾܾȣ£Ҳֻܾһѽһӷ
Ӱһӷ׾ãȾȳԶɽɾһ̵̣ȫԶɽ׹λóȥ
ӷ磬үүˣûȫþǿ԰˴үүʱȶȥȰ׾ãǾĵ伮Ļǰ֮ɵǣԲ
ȷ׾һܹؼĴڣǲġ˵ӷѡԵȥ˵ĻǾʹشˣڳӷԣ׾ðԼģʵ̫ˣûа׾ãԼ˾ģûصǰ׾ãŴҲԾۼû˰׾ãĵ伮Ӳ֣ܳһеһУ֤׾̫ҪԳӷǳҪ
ạ̃үүͽˣȥȰ׾á

ɫ˫һӣӷ糯׾Сըĵط˹ȥ
ãҳ
ó˳ӷ󣬿ǣֻܹ޸һУûнѾĶӷõĹâס˰׾СըķΧȴһҲûС
СѾȫˣǲ޸˵ģ
ӷһͬʱһת
ˣȻ޷޸Ǿõ׾õȫս֮ڣֻҪɢǾлС
СⷽɲǽСںϽ򵥣СϾģɰ׾õС棬ȴѾ
ӷֻһ£ھĵʱ򣬸ոʶ׾ʱ׾˵һλ
䣬λػߣ´ңųһͳ
λûе˽Ϊ棬һΣ
Ŵʶ½˺ݺأ٣֮ŭ
ѵλģȫӦˣеһУȫˣֻһ䣬صŷ
٣֮ŭ
׾ãҳӷĶ飬ҳӷǵģ죬Ӳҳ׾õսȥڻ֮С

Уһħ׾õ˽ȥһ˵ӷսһ˵ǽģ֮ɣɽ죬ӷ罫׾õսûӲɣǽ׾õڵеһƬ֮ڡ
еÿһƬ磬һʼӵǿһӵ
ûһƬ磬лð׾õСҲ˵ð׾õС棬ֱתΪһƬ磬׾òǿ
ӷ罫׾õŽһƬ֮ںƬУ˰׾õӰڵİ׾ãʲôûд˫۽գͬһĸӤֻˣҲ

֮⣬ͼĿЦ
û뵽Ȼ˴ջսûлٵĵ伮ˡ
û׾Ǿĵ伮Ļ׾ˣҲζžĵ伮Ҳûˣͼò⣬һջ
ӷ磬ʿû˾ĵ伮뿴ǰĴʱʲô³
Ļ쵰ɱ˰׾ãүүѵ㻹뿪ɡ
ˣǸŮˣǳԶɽɱģһϵûСڣȻջ񣬾ûҪ˷ʱˣǾ͵Žܱ޾ĳͷɣ֮ģǱĴ
Ұ¡
ӷ磬׷ˣүү첻ˡ

ӷתͷһ棬ԶɽѾľԼûʱȥ׷ɱͼԼѾ˱֮ǰǿܶ౶ȥ׷ˡ
תأӷ纰ϴүүȥҪ޸үүС壡


1825 һ
̵Զɽ磬У֪ᷢʲô£ڵĳԶɽǾκεķ紵ˣһССĴ¶Ҫ˳Զɽ
ò˵ԶɽǸҳҸˣҲ˸ҳҵΪ˲óӷκһս򣬾ԼҷˣͬȫǵԾűѪʩչƿȭ˸
ӷԶɽĲ֮ͬ࣬ӷԶţֻҪԼڣͲߵܵκ˺˵ĳŵǰ޷ȫ쵽ڣ㽫ԼҲҪ쵽㡣
ҵˣǺ˼رǳӷ֣ͬʱµĹһڣҪ壬⣬ҪĺֻҪߵˣ͵ڵõ֮ıӣҵĵˣǴתɵĵˣӷ綼þһֶΣ׻ɱ
죬ͼѾڳӷУһӣʹĳԶɽȼյ˾ͷ׾õС棬ѾˣȻһǳԶɽɵģףȴͼԣǼһҪˣɾͲ
ʲô޴ɣһ㲻㲻磬ȡʲôӣ죬ǵģŭģҲһӷ磬ʿв񷶦ֻҪ㻹Ҫ޻ء
ſռ󷨵ıͼٴɱӷҲܵһʱ䷢ġ˵ˣȻͼתܣ˵ҪĿ޴磬Ĵһڵ總ӦһξңԶȻӷ磬֮ǰ׾ãӦ÷ˡ
ãٳ
ӷ罫ûԶɽ׾òͬ׾õСѾ٣ɳԶɽȴһڣűѪֻȼճԶɽһӾͽԶɽˡ
ӷã޸ųԶɽС棬磬ͬ磬˹˫ˣȫΧһʲôʲôˣͳͳɱǳӷ´
飬ξٴξ޳ɣǧֹȫҹ
ӷ罫϶쾳ǿȫ˹ȻﳤʮóӷûϾʮõΪ˵϶죬ֻǽ˻ƽʯո˾ˡ
ӣΪ
ûҪ˵үү
ԶɽСڣŸղŵ鷢ԶɽĽҲѾ׹䣬ӷһʱļˣڱҪȽҵ޸ԶɽС档
ӣ˵үӵСƽʿС棬ЩˣܻĶѽ
ξٴ̾˿ҪԼ飬һüͷġ£ԼЩˣ첻
ҲʲôһҪ
ǡ
ξ֣չӵķԸȥɡ
ξٴһۻ飬ʵа취
ˣǾ壬һûе츳
˵ٻ
ûǸʦǾУҲٻʦġںܶǰٻʦѾûʲôΪˣΪ½Ϊձ鶼ˡڣٻʦˡȻǾ츳޷ʦٻȣ˵үӵСѾ޷ֿٻӦÿ԰쵽ġ
Ǻã˶㣬ٻүӵĽ
ˣȫۼ֮ģӷ˫֮ϣʹ磬ʱ֮䣬һǿš
໡
һĹֻһһֵĽ֮ĳٻŽȥ
ӣѾˡ
ܺáãϸҽ޸
䣬ӷ絥һӣ֮ţҿ

ӷüĴ⣬һ⣬ӳӷü˳
ɡ
֮󣬵Ҳӷ绽˳ӷҪģɲ޸ԶɽС壬ͬʱҲҪȰ׾ãΪͼǱߵĴʱɱûоĵ伮ǻ治һռˡ
Ԫ񣬸Ѱɡ
ųӷһ£񷶦ڵĵԪ񣬶ʱ˹ҳȥ
ʮ˶ħ֮⣬ٸҼӾ𡣡
еʮħȫΧ˸ոսĵԪ񣬵Ԫ̻Ϊ˾ħڣУѾŶʮħˡ
жħȫұð׾á
еĶħʱ׾ڵĻжħͬʱͷųǿ֮ڡ
Բ֮ݣ񷣬׾ĻɡԲ֮ݣ񷣬ãϽүүС壬ȫȫ޸á
ãʼ޸ԶɽС壬ҲѾ˳Զɽڣƽףٴγ˳ԶɽһһģһλһλģڳԶɽϡ
ӷ˿ԶɽûʲôˣֻҪúúðеС׾Ǳߣе鷳
ӣΪʲôŮ壬ڵнʧ
һʲôϣ󺰵
ôˣȫҵڣʲôȫù
ȫۼ빫ڡ
һ´ģϳҵ̵ˣȫ˳ӷڡ
ǣ񷶦ȻϵŶԿ
¡¡
һ죬໥ʹˣӷˣȫףһǿѪ
ӣвͨġŮϾҪʧˡ
ֻУƬУ׾õ壬ѾֻʣһӰˣûеĴڡ
ӷŭļһȻᷢ顣
ܲôˡ񷶦Զݣ̴򿪲֮ţŰ׾ý룬򣬽ҽһСٶ
ΪȰ׾ãӷȻҪ˲񷶦Ҳ̫˰ɣ


1826 
񷶦ھŸλãҪþŸ߹λġ񣬳ӷѾСںϽ޳ǧֹڣǸߣӷҲܱȽϷģϾ񷶦Ĵڣκ˶ȥġ
Щ˵Ϊǽ񷶦Ļ𲻵κãǵΪ̫ˣŸУҲֻа׾òʸ񷶦ԭӷǴٹһʱ䣬ʹ׾ýȥһλõģҲǴļ֮һû뵽췢飬ӷͱǰ׾ýˣ
ǣ񷶦Ȼؼʱ̵ӣ·Ͳӳӷ֮Ÿһųӷ˵Ҫ˽񷶦֮̾͹ر
ǵһΣһη飬ǰɴδ񷶦ҲûΥӷôˡ
ʱҳ⡣
ӷ´ŭ֮ţҿ
񷶦һ㷴ӦûУӷΣӣǲ񷶦Ŀǰܽκ˽룬ѵҪȵ䣬䴴֮󣬲ſԽ񷶦
ûʱˣ׾õǷŽеĻ磬ҲǳΣգǵеĻ磬ܳñ׾õ
ٲ֮ţͱҲˡ
񷶦ӷڣǷǳģҲδйκεıԹϾӷ绹Ҫ񷶦ԼΪؼʱ̣ʱ̣ҲҪ񷶦
ƣȻԽԽãνŵǶƣôʿڷôλãñ֮һŵƣƳӷʮǧˣ̫ˣɱӷ硣
񣬰׾õڳӷ˵Ȳ񷶦Ҫᣬĵ伮ǿʿĹؼڣʿ˱仯˭ܱ֤ޱǿĴڣûоĵ伮֮󣬻᲻ĸǰһһӷ綼޷Ƶʿģֻ޾
֮ţٲǱٶ
ٶĻӷ绹˵Ҫ֪ӷ籾ǲ񷶦תģ񷶦ˣӷ͵ɱҲ˵Ҫٲ񷶦ǳӷֻҪԼϴһ㹻ˣ޷쵽飬ӷװ쵽
̵˳ӷУӷ罫̵𣬸Ͳ߶ʮһ㲻ţұԲС
ڣˣȫųӷ磬ÿһ˵ģʼšӷɲ˵ЦģеĶ̵Ҳʱ̽Լࡣ
ӷ磬Ҫʲô
󼱣ڳԶɽˣںռ䣬ңֻгӷһˣӷ綼£˭ֵܵסĴ
ӷ磬һ׾ãֵ𣿡
졣
ӷŭһղ˵Ϸ壬ŵɫࡣ
δӷˣǸʶʱڣӷ綼ûԼЩ˵ǰڹκεļӣڣΪһ׾ãӷȻŭϷ壬֪ڳӷλħŮռ˶ĵλѾֻǾĵ伮ô
飬ӷֵĺ˵ڰⷽ棬ӷʶ٣̸ѵĸӷǲܺӵģһΪ˳ӷһҹͷһΪӷһŮ˵ԼһӣֻΪ˳ӷˡ
Ȼ׾ڳӷĿУǰ飬ֻ飬飬ǽսϵģսɱսѣԶԶͨѣֵͨܣҪҪĶ࣬Ҳ˵ڳӷУ׾õҪԣҲڻƴţǼ֮ϡ

̵ֱӳؿڴ˹ȥʱ֮䣬񷶦˳ӷͷӷŭٸҿš
ʱ򣬲񷶦Ҳӵ㣬ӷвҲҲӣɳӷҲûȥʶ㡣
ӷ粻ӵнǱŰ׾õĻ˳Ż磬ֱӽ˲񷶦
ڣӷ罫¯У֮𡭡
ʹʢеϼ⣬ȫ¯ڡ
¡¡һ¯ǿĻ棬¯Χȼգûֱӽ¯ڡ
׾ãȰ
ӷһӣ˫ۣΧȥҪһ׾õⶫ̫СҲ̫ǿ̫Сˣ԰׾ûã̫ǿˣڰ׾õͳܲס
ˣ
ӷһתͻȻ뵽񷶦ڣǻһĶ𣬻ԵʱǬģǾԪӷǰҪԪԵҩԴҩĳɹʣûǸҪˡ
ԾԪ׾õǿȴӵ޾ڲ񷶦ڴʱ䣬һҲõġ
䣬ӷ罫ǾԪ˹ԪӵģӷҪ׾õȻҪɷͺá
ɣҽȥ
ԪͶ¯ڣȿʼþԪ
棬Ѿ¯׾õŻ籣ġ
ͬʱӷ罫е֮Դȫۼ˹Χ¯ΧֻҪãǾͽ֮Դȫ׾õȫ֮ڣڰ׾õͲˣǿ
ཡ
Ǿʱ
޸ͷޣͬʱŭһ棬˳ӷǰУǵ֮⣬ӴսսԼٶȣ߿
Ŀ湻ġҲãȥˣԼˣ


1827 ޾Ϯ
׾õһʱǲɵģʱͼ޾ɱ˹ӷ粻ܴڲ񷶦ڣҪȥӭս
ͼĿģΪ˽̫ЩսٵģóӷȥЩսԼû뵽սûٵǽĵ伮ˣͼ˵һ벻ľ޴ջ
Ȼû˾ĵ伮ͼȥںһЩս³ӷЩսԼ򶼲ģηģҲֻʿ񷶦ѡ
죬ͼĴٽڳӷʧȥ˾ĵ伮񷶦δ䣬ᣬ磬ҵȵ֮󣬳ӷԴˣǶ򣬾һв
ν۷֮ϵǸ磬ǸͲڵľ磬ǸȡԼľ磬ˣǺѰ쵽ģҪȥӶһһ磬Ҳ׵飬ӷ粻ͬӵŲ񷶦ֻҪ񷶦֮󣬾ĴκЩ磬ӷŵƬ𣬾ԲᣬһȫΪԼãһ磬ʮ磬һٸ磬һڸ磬֮󣬶пܰĵ
Զɽڻڻ֮Уңӷһ翹
񷶦λ֮ϣӷһ£׼ӭսһսҪ֮ǰ̫ӵһսҪյĶ̫࣬һսӷһ˸㶨ˣҲ˫û˿˽֮¡ɽ죬ǳӷ򣬻ͼԳӷ磬һ˽⣬֮£ĴսҪһУܴһһ͵
սѾΧֱѹ˴֮⣬⵼磬һƬڰУҹѾûκεķֱˡ
ڣӷȫۼ˹Ҹ˿ѾΪһ壡
ͼǱߵȻûгӷߵĶ࣬ͼӵеģһ֧޴׾ھǱߵħ޴Ҫǿܶ౶˵һʮĴڣӷʮˣҲֻܶԸͼһֻޡΪҪǣͼеޣȫһ˵Ŀ֮£һˣȺΪһģɳӷȴͬϾÿһ˶ÿһ˵뷨ߵĵҲûǾĵ֮ܶ䶼ûҲûܹѵĳЩ˵һɢɳ
ͼǱһ壬ӷ߾һɢɳ˫ԣӷûռ˿ˣԣӷҪģ̵ʱڣͼ֮ǰһԼԼĴ
ƴţǬ£ɽ
ųӷ纰֣һˣȫǰ
ǼڿʼȫҪСܡʱѾˡ
ӷ⻰˵ĻƴţȻܲˬһǹӸÿһ˵ݸϵĵλǾصģֻҪȥˣǵĳ֮⣬˭ǿȥǵġ
ɽ죬ӷȻҪЩȥСܣɣڻƴţ˵һܴĴ벻ˬ
磬⻰ʲô˼ѽ˭Сܣ
ƴţʵ

ĩڡ
վվ˻ƴţǵߣƴţһһۣȻƴţܸ߳ܶļһʲôѽʵƴţֻǼѣʶû˵仰ġ
Ǽӽ쿪ʼ¡
£ƴţһͲӦˡ
ƴʲôѽһģҽлƴţһͷţ
˵ţڴ̣ͱˡ
Ǵô˵ҲһѽѵҾͲ𡣡
ţǴձʲôģЩǿõϣûʲôˡڣԵģձԵģһޱǿĿռ䣬һޱǿ磬ӵеĶ붼벻ġҴ¹ڤ磬Ǵ½˵ĵҳһͳ棬ָӷ棬ҪǿԣǼҪģСܣҴľúѧϰ
ȷϵЩսСС֣ǵʱľģÿһսȵϵһսҪǿĶѽ
Ժȫһ磬ɻƴţǣǾţҲֻܺһҵľӣһҶѡÿһ˶ǳɼ˼ǳɼ˼Ҳ̫磬ܴѽ
˵û
ǬɽȻҲûġ
ţԼҪҪ͸һؼҳԼȥ
ƴţΣҧݺ˵Сӵš
Цһ֪ЩˣǳӷֵܣֻҪԼߣԴǣ͸Դһġ
λ˵ǰ棬ʱΪĳЩ˽ϵ뷨˾Ļӡ
ʲôŲӡ
ţұ졣
ŭһ죬ƴţ̲˵ˣϾ̺ʱ䣬˵Ļƴţǻġ
ˣȻڴҶûǣɣҸСʱʱ䣬һ취ҳҵܸĵںһСʱ֮ʽͼ޾ս


1828 ͼһĿ
ʱĺܿ죬СʱСʱ֮ڣͽҵĵΪһ壬̬ȸֶζǳӲһ£ʹųӷ磬Ҳû˸ҲӵġгӷڱţûĻҲûõġ
ʵѾ֤ӷûѡˣΪ䲻ߣͳ棬ȴһһ˲ţ֧δľӣڶ̶СʱڽΪһ壬ʹ֧ҲһɢɳͨǸɵĲ𣬳Ҹĵ֧ѾΪ߶ȵս׼ֻҪӷһ£ɱ򣬸ͲܸͼٴνĻᡣ
ӣе֡
һֱڹ۲ͼ޾ɵڣͼ޾ҲֻΧ˴֮⣬һĶҲûС
ӷʵʲôˣֱ˵޷
ӣͼ޾סƵģȫѾ׼λʱԿս˵ͼȥ޾Ӧû᲻һеĽŶԣڣȴһ㶯ҲûС
ӷһ£˵˳ȥ̽һ£ͼʲôλá
ӣղŴѾȥ̽޾УҲͼӰ
ʲô
ӷ¾벻ͨˣ˵ûͼձˣ漴ͷأⰴ˵ӦòһнŶԣҲΪӣڵʱĸ̫ӵ³ȥ˵Ц
ڣͼ޾ѾۼͼԼȴӰͲѽ
ʱһͷ׷΢΢һ֮ϣû˿ķ磬̵İ׷ʹĳӷȼ϶쾳ĳǿߣȫͬһʱת̡

һξٴξһվˣѾڵȫ
˾ˣӣǲҪܳȥˡ
㲻Ҫ֣˾һԡ
໡
һХͻأһ׹⣬ſڳ˽
ξٴȻһˣͨȭӭȥ
ץξٴ½˺ƣⲢɵģٶɵģ˵ٶȣǳӷҲѽ
ʲôޣٶȾȻ֮졣
ӷǰһֻޣͲҪӷ֣ξٴһˣԸ㶨ˡ
׹⻢
ǿһֻ׹ϻ˵Ϸֻ׹ϻɫףɣͼǼһģһֻͼŵޡ
ʦȻܿһޣڿƵ£ˣ̫ԶҲ˵ͼѾˣǽ˵硣
ǼȻϵĳ׹ϻȻҲֻ֪׹ϻˡ
ӣֻ׹⻢Ըˡ

Цһվ˵ξǰ׹⻢ͽҰɡ
ţħ֮壬ֻϻԸɡ
ξٴһˣ壬̷ű仯
ҳְɡ
ļһ׾þΪͼǻ쵰ŻС汻ٵģȻԶˣǾͱҲˡ
ͼҹ
֮䣬Ѿ˰׹⻢ϷһŭĻХ϶£׹⻢ѹ
顭
׹⻢ֱѹڵأ۵һ׹⻢ȻΪһֱʧˡ
ô£
ͼ
ƴţƤڿٵҲڿٵ˵㣬һֲĸо
ţҺҲһ
á
ƴţ໥һۣͬʱˡ
ȻǾǻƼҡ
ӷ絥һӣһ⾵֣⾵ڣʾ˻ƼҵĻ棬ڻУͼվڻƼ֮ϣһɭ
ļһƼҵע⣡
Ƽҵע⣿
˵ܣƼǱʲôûУүȫڣץвǣҲȥƼңӦȥԼҲŶѽһ£Ƽһһˡ
ѽƼһһˣһӷ綼Ե
ľء
ͼĿ꣬ľءӷ磬ʲô
Ļ쵰һ֪ľؾǳ޵У޵еע⡣
Ϊʲô
׼ȷ˵Ӧǲ֮Ŵ򿪣ߣܴ򿪺֮ŵģֻľһˡ
ԥӷ纰ﳤպڡ
ӣĩڴˡ
ڣǳΣգʮˣ½ȥʲôһҪǳҴ
ǳ棬޵У
ûûʱǽͣͼΪֹȥˣֵͬʱ޾ҲͬʱġԣҪжξٴǶˣξټ볤ﳤһ½ȥˡ
ǣӡ


1829 Ϊ֮
綼Ϊͼ޾ѹĹϵڰţһңȫһս׼й֮⣬Ҷ֪ĵ˻˭Ҳ˵Ϊĵˣһ޴֡
ǣƼұ֮ͼȻӴĻһ˽֪ӷ㹻ԿʿƴͼҲû˿գڸ˵Ѿ˵ʿˣһţٷ֮ʮľͼ
֪˫ʵڣͼȴһģ֧޾ȫɢ˴֮⣬ζţͼŸҪҪ졣
޵УǰһսֻϧʱȴѾʧӰ١죬Ѿһˣ͸ûһսˡǵˣѣĵһ󽫵ҲǸǳģһʹ죬ҪҪޣֻ˵ҵͬˣ
ͼˣǲὫӷģɳ޵вͬӷǳҼ̳ˣô˵޵ȴǰĵĵһ󽫣ͼǲµģʱ޵еڤ磬ȻҪģȻҪԾ˽⣬ͼҲǸʱ򣬵֪޵дġ
ǰľĵһ󽫣Ѿһôķˣʹͼеʧ֮һսĳǿߣ죬ҲֻǸһʹˡ
ʱ֮⣬κˣ֪򿪺ռķҲΪֹҿʨ޵УͰϢɡ

ͼһǿȻУγһŰ׹⣬ҪƼұѹȥ
ͬʱ󣬺ڳ֮⣬·һֻֻĹޣڲͣɶţͼ޾ͼɱ޵УҲľصͬʱ޾ͻ뿪
Уһų֣պþͳ˾ǵϿգţͨģҲ֮š
⣬ΪһΪһΪͬĵطȥǻƼұ棬ʮֱӳ˹յ֮ڣȥ
ʱ֮䣬֮ڵը˹ƵģһһһȺʹʣǽһɱС
ӷλſڣͼͬʱͼᣬҲѾչ˿ޱǿڱɸ֮ǰȣͼѾ࣬ΪԶɽűѪʩչƿȭˣͼҲϵΪ˸ѹסˣʱȥӷ綯֣ʵҲòӣֻǱ·һ·ɱľأһ·͵ֵסӷˡ
ȻһԲѵ¶֣ѽ
ﳤʮãξٴѾɱ
ЩСɫȻҲǱһȫǰɡ
Բѵļһɡ
ﳤյһȥƽʯȫںϽڣ̼䣬Ϊһǿߡ
ʮðĶ쾳ѣӣͲҪ֡ޣ
ޣгǰ赲
ǰȥˣЩ޾ͽˡɡ
лСֵܣЩ޾ͽˡ
ͨȭﳤգͼҶԸ̰˴硣
ãлξټ
ˡͼڵĶңɡ
ϵѣҲڱǰɡ
ءɱ
ͼӰһξٴУûȫչֿһ˫һǿҵİ׹⣬׹д΢СĽ⣬ξٴ˹ȥ
ǿ
ξٴ֪ͼĵ֣ԼҲȥֻΪ˽ͼˡ
ӷ粻ǼСɫǱͳͳˡ
ǾͿֶжˡ⻯֧
˸޴ȭͷͼȥξٴһ߹һѿͼɲôѣʵ⣬Ҳʹ̫Ķ
ɡ
¡¡
ξٴֱӱͼиѹʱ򣬻Ƽұڣһǿֿµ˳Уһ޴Ŀն֮ԴӿնдֱӴ˻Ƽұ
ô£
ﳤãǽ˱ģϣڵǿȫ˳ſڵĳӷ磬ǿסˡ
ɣľǼһѵװ
װѽľصǲװĳģˣǳӷð޸С棬Ǽһˡ
ڣƼұڳľصģֱӴ˿ն֮Դ⵽ô£
޵Уԭһֱŵġмˣ
ͼ֪޵еʱ򱬷Լ޾ѾˣȴĴֵסˣӷ绹δ֣ʱ޵еͻȻѣ޵еϳӷͼǱɣܵ˿ᶼûˡ
ܴʵͼҲҪӣȥɡ
㲡Ҫ
ͼֱӾ³ȥ
ӷȻɫ˫Ӷʿ壬ӷ籾壬ҲƼұλ÷ȥ
ͼ͸úծ
ӷ磬ûʱ档˳޵˵
ûҵͬ⣬ɱҳˣ㻹ǻΡ

Ц𣬺¡һտƼұͼȻЦ˵ǿЦֱǧ֮⡣
ܣⲻǳ޵еǡռ䣡ռ֮ſˣ
˵ͼǻʿĳӷ磬Ҳǧ֮⣬ˣڲͬĵطԶԶ򾩳ߣֻһ⣬ֱӽڹסˣʱ֮䣬һ޴ʨͷ޴ʨͷϣƳɢͼ޾ȫǿޱȵס߷ֿûκһֻޣȥϽʨͷ
СȻҷҵ򣬻Ĳͷˡ
ͼȫʼӦ˵ǳӷߵˣͼǱߵ޾ȫڷ磬γһ޴еһУȫס
ǡʥʿҿʨ


1830 ʨǼ
ڵԼٶȽһıըʹЩ޽ʬǶ޴棬Ϊһŵʧ֮С
̼ɱԴǴӻƼҳϵʨͷϣ˭ӵǿô̵ʱڣ˵գ֮䣬ͽͼ֧޾ģ¾ǳӷҲ첻ɣʿĿǰҲ첻ɡ
ʮǰйһһ͵ȷѪ꣡ڵ꣬ǸҲʸ˵һԶ֮ˣǰֳһ꣬ĳַһŭ֮ɱ˹ȥɱ壬Ǹ꣬ʮǰ֮Ψһʸ˵һߣԶ֮ˡ
ôȥˣҲܶ˵ڣ֪飬֪ˣһӣǵġΪҪǣڶʮǰǰˣˣճġ
񣬾ƣѾչͨ󲻵ĵزַģԵĲ֣ҲѾ˵
򣬳Ϊ˺ܶ˵ĸݵأ棬ҲΪ˵ҪԵĿ꣬磬ΪҪġ
δʱ䣬ûⲻΪʵļƻߵҲǸǳġ
˭жôǿ󣬵磬ǳǼ磬빥磬ǾҪиش۵ľ
㻹浱ǹܹһӷ磬һʿѾﶼԸ˵ģټһĻͲҪȫԷˡ
ǿ磬˵磬һǿУԻأκδڡ
ͼû뵽ǸʿɻˣǸǰתִˣȻʱ֡
ѽⲻѽںռ䣬һȥ˾ͲܳĵطʥʿҲܳѽ
ôģ
ͼ˶סˣɫ࣬˫ҲǱ˰㣬ʧȥӵеĹâϵëͣĵǱղ˵ģ˵ϼˡ
ˣӷߣӷԼڵˣȫֹͣս˫۾ȫ˾ǻƼұ
ǿҵ⣬ͣӻƼұڱ޾ԴԴϵͷųͼ壬ѹƵһҲˣʱͼƴ֮⣬ѵʲô
һǧ磬ϡ
ͼȻһǧСڵϣһǧ磬һȫǱߵ磬ӣͼѾܵ޿ɵֿη塣
һǧ磬Ҳ𲻵κá
һ磬ϡ
ǧ磬Ҳֻͼ΢һ¡
ʮ硭
һڸ磬ڿʨǰҲͳͳǸƣû֪ҿʨʥʿӵжٸ磬Щ磬ǴģֻƬУǹƲ̫ܣ类Ӷ̫࣬ʱĺû֡
ʲôǿģҲ̫˰ɡ
ǵȫѹգһ²
Ѿ˵һˣӦ˵һֿһ˵ܱɿ֮еһУڡ
ŷųˣλ˵еɡʥʿӵĸף
ⲻѽռ֮ţʹ򲻿ģͨܶ෽ˣû취򿪡
磬˵ӵĸѾ⴩Խռĵز᲻ᡭ
Ҳܣ⴩Խռ䣬ҲֻǾĸֿռ䣬ռ֣ͲܴԽġǡƿռ䣡
ƿռ䣬ֶΣͲΪģҲѾ˽ķΧ֮ˡ
ʥʿǿֻŹδ죬Ҳ˰ɣۼʶһʥʿ䣬ˡ
ȷʥʿǰһĽһУ˭ּ
˶ڵȴȴǸ˵еĳǿ֣
ɻƼұڣֻǳһڹ⣬ڹȻǡ
ľصС档
ô
ľûѣСȴˣңľصСڣȻӵų۵

ڹ⣬ֱӳ嵽Ͽգڹ֮ڣֳ⣬֮Уһóӷеݳˣǵȷǳۡ

ЦصĿЦҲ˵ĿЦ
֣ôľصСڣ
ӷ̲סˣ⾿ôһ£
ӷ磬ûðʧҪֻԼͽˡǰڰֽռ֮ǰ˵ǸŮʱ䣬֮ڸ㲻ǰ־ͻֽڣҳ۵Ķӣ쵽ˣڣҲѾˡ
⻰˵ģԣ֪飬ѵǰļ䣬
ȲЩڵǻˣûˣΪʲôֳأ
ӷ磬ʲô˵ʲôʣΪֲûֻ֮ǰ޵д򿪺ռ֮ŵǿָ̣һҲһʶСڣܱסһС򣬺ĳ˵ʿһֵס
޵У۳ľΪ޵УҲ֤ˣۻųʦļ䣬һʼУѹھĳӷ翴ʦ޵еĻ棬ǵĶԻʱʦ˵תһʼ޵еĴˡ
ӷ磬ڣеһУ㶼Ѿ֪ˣҲȫ˽ˣԣڣҲûıҪˣΪǱߵ飬Լȥڰڵطռ䣬˰ȫµ׷Ҳδ׷Ϊ׵ңЩûΪҵĶκ£ΣҲ׵ģΪҵĶʱˡӷ磬ֻںߣ̺һ·ʱ򣬲иĶмǣԼ֮ţ֮ŵûУǹˣҲģҳ۵ĶӣҪռ䣬ͳռ䡣֮ŵûУǾͱˣǸ֣Ҳ͵Ϊֹɣټ档


1831 غĵأͼ
۵ӰʧľصС棬Ҳص˻ƼұһеһУ·ξһ㣬ǴûзƵġ
ӷ˶ԭأ֮ŵſڣһҲû
ղǳǵĻ˵Ļʲô˼𣿻⣿˴һӶ˾ĵ̫ӣһ޷ʣûг򣬵ӷһˣӵʿ񷶦ǲ񷶦ٽб仯ӷ籾ΪҲǲеѽһ˵ӷкܴĿռ䣬ǱߣӷʱǾԲκλġ
֣㻹̫ˣҪһ򣬿µҲҪǸʲôƿռˣֱӻʰɡ
򣬳ӷɲԲѵĽӲȥ򣬳ʿ޷Ƶ£ǻлᣬϣģ˵ߣռ䣬ᱻʿģ
ʲôƨռ䣬ǸôĵطȻʥʿȫµ׷Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ȷ۸ղ˵ںռ䣬ҵȫµ׷ǲ˵ںռ䣬ֵóȥսĴڣУӦòɣ
ѾʧΣӷǰƬУĸ֣ǳ۵ʧ֮ǰĸ֡
Ĵ½
Ĵ½ѵǳڵĺռ
˵ӷԼûģǵ̫ǿҪ㹻ģǾҪаٷ֮һһڵĶ⶯Ӻζڣۣ͸˳ӷ綯
򲻿֮ţǸԶܼˡҪ򿪺֮ţǰȸ㶨ڣԲóӷŵġ

ͼĴЦٴ𣬳һֻ֣ͼ޾ûнͼΪͼҪӷȥԸҲҪӷԼȥ
ǳû˳ۣûʥʿ뿴һӵʿʲô򶷡
𣬰ǽ죬ʶһ£ӵʿûɱ
ӷļ⿪ʼͣһ˫ɫ򻺻֣޴ޱȣͼ˫ڻҪһ롣
ҸںռʲôҲղǷΪ㣬Ҫ
ͼڴЦ֮˶ĹҲڿʼëǸղų۵Ĺԣڳӷһֵ֣Ļᶼûˡ
ӷ磬챾ϣʥʿΪĺܣҪɱǾͶְɡȻʥʿܻصɱ˱֮򣬻ߴȫġ
ͼ˼뼤Ҳɱˣ
Ҫɱɱѵڵңлֵ𡣡
ӷһ˫ͣĻӶţͻȻת󣬱ͼӷҲѾȫ˳ӷߣڳӷɢνǧÿһҲ֪ʲôǺĴ½ֽһôĵطӷܷǺ֮ţԼЩˣһ۷չ޾;
ôǺĴ½Ǹʲôط٣ҪȽµ鴦ɣһ򶼴ˣʣӷʲôȥ¼ǺĴ½
ͼӷѾתȥҲһ˵͵ǳӷˡ
Сӻе֮߳ģʲô˲ģб£뱾սһ
ӷ絥һӣ˵仰Ǹʡ
˵ɡ
ҪҲֹˣҲҪûȥʿѾ񷶦Ҳٱ䣬ҳӷ֤棬򣬶һ˵£Ϊһ֮ǾǳҲ˵ĻҸ׵ĻղҲˡ
ܺãһĻġǣ֮ǻģʱ޷ˡ
ʱ޷ţ˼죬ҳӷǿŸ׳۲ŵô
ӣ𣿡
ѽӣܷߣһĳǿߣǾһвѽ
ӷ£ͻȻһ䣬ٴȻתֻ֮һѪ⣬ȥͼ˹ȥ
¡¡
ǿͼڳӷ󣬳˵
ħɰɡ

еĶħСӵг˳ͼΧ˫צȫͼץȥ
ӷ磬쵰Ȼ˵㻰
˵ҪҸղǽǸʣҲû˵ҪŴȥѽͼ͸ҵҾʲôץ
ӷ磬ǲŹģȫ磬Ϊ㣬
Ҫͷϻ˵ˣ㣬ҲѾûʸ˵κηϻˡ
ӣջСѽЩ޵ĲҪ˷ˣһսɡѵ
ûЩ޾ȻҰһȫ𣬵ȴвǵȫͼӵô磬һ㹻һˡ


1832 㣬
ͼ޾𣬳ӷ罫ǵȫսɱ֮ǰЩҪǿ
һͼѾóӷΪˣټЩ޾ӷ׾ٽΪ϶ľ硣
һò˵ӷ˵ģ˵ͬʱҪҪеĶҲ޷ȥ⣬޷ȥġ
ԶɽѾ˹õ޸Ϊû˿ˡ
֮ڣԶɽϥȫΧţͷһⱦڲͣתԽԽǿңеĽ⣬ȫ˳Զɽڡ
ӷ뱦䣬ԶɽҲʱվ
ͲҪӷ翪ڣԶɽ̾˿˵˵ˣүүѾ֪ˣ
үүҰںռ䣬ǲˣ
ѽ۲˻һһǿ֪Ǹʻʲô⣬̫Ӷ˾ڤ磬ֽһôĵزЩ޷ȥ²ġ
ռ䣡
Զɽû뵽ԼңᷢչزˣԽԽ٣ȲЩսģǺĳԱҲһȥ
ռ飬ȲܡҲںռ䵽ʲô£ʲôҪģǶԸ򡣡
㲻ԸԸ㣬ʵһֱ¶ˣһֱԵĺܱڣǰ
үү֪һ£
ʰɣҲµһʵġ
ռ䣬ռΪصĿռ䣬ںռڣʲôΪʲôҰ֣˵ҵȫµ׷󡣡
˭֪ۣ˵ǳʦߣǱߣ޵еĴڣʣ֣ǰƾ񷶦ĻҲռĳʦڤֱˡһǰѾ޵е˺ռ䣬ȴȫµ׷ôռ䣬һôĵطأ
ռ䣬ΪصĿռ䣬Ҳռռ䡣
ռ䣿
仰Ӧ˹ʵ֣Щ£Ҷһӷ˵ģΪʲôڻ˵ռ䣬ռռ䣿
ѽռ飬ǳӷھĵʱ֪ģҲ֮߳ԶɽģΪʲôԶɽڻ˵ռռռء
£֪Ҳֻ࣬ڶʮǰһΣǸʱûж˵ҲҲҪʣ͵ʲôûӷ˵ռʱҲԭռ飬֪ˡ
ʵҰ־ǰ֮ʦת˵Ұ֪ռ䣬ռ飬һҲ֪Ȼ֪ռ飬Ϊʲôʱδ򿪺ռ֮ţֻȥأԽδͲܱƵİֽռģǣǰԸġ
ûԽδȷ첻㣬ǰҲȷǳԸռġǸʱ򣬳۵ı֣ͺҪĥĶӳӷһˣӷܳɳһôĵزѾȫһˣ۸ղŵĻѾ˵ԸҪռģңӦǺռ˰ɡ
棬ռ䣬磬ںռǱߣȴֻһ磬һΪĴ½磬Ĵ½Ҳռռڡۻ˵˵С⣬ռ䣬ִ⣬Ĵ½ܵʲôƻᣬռ䣬ͽǰ
ӷʵǲ˵棬еһУȫԴǸռ䣬Ĵ½
ӦĴ½ռĴڣ̣ǿƼϵķչȫ֮ϡ
ҵĲ񷶦Ժռ䣬ǸĴ½ġԲ񷶦˵˵½ռ䣬Ҿšɾǣأ
Щ£ռ䣬Ҳֻ۸֪ˡӷ磬֪ںĴ½飬ΨһķǴ򣬴ʵĿе֪һУΪѾ˵ǲˣҪԼ򿪺֮ţлĴ½
Լ򿪺֮ţҲ˵֮ţ꿪һΣ
ûֻҪ㹻ʱأԿ֮ţȻҪ꿪һΣҲǶʮǰ˵ġ
ԭǰʣǰĽδǶһʱضĺ֮šҲ˵Ҫ֮ŵĻʶ첻ӷҪԼǰǡԽʡ
ˣȻѾչˣǺռ䣬Ĵ½һҪȥģȥǱߣȣԼԽʣ򡣡
ӷ磬ô죿ʵ
׾õûãûоĵ伮ҾһơҪãӦþûʲôˡҵΪղͼһ֧޾ˡھȽΪȥ֮飬͵ҳϸ̸ɡ


1833 ţλ
׾õ¯Ԫãӷ񷶦ʱѾ֣ԪѾܱΣ׾ԭǺΣȴѾȫʧˣһĸоûˣӣ֮ǰԶɽƿȭ֮ǻ˰׾õС棬ͬʱҲ׾õħˣʣǧΪϾĵ伮Ľᾧˣ
ԪͲһӵ޾ľԪ֮־Ԫ֮պþǴһĺĴڣ
оԪҪоѪУһȫԣǾԪѪһģ׾õ֮ԵڻδȫΣΪȱ˾Ѫ
ӷԺһתڸʶ׾õʱ򣬰׾þ˵ֻдۻߵѪܰ࣬ѵ
һضǻ˰׾õһУʣµģһһضʱ䣬ȴð׾ӵΪ˵Ļᡣ
Ӧ㣬һ˵ģ˵ĻûʧԹΪĵ伮ĻԭΪҪʧˣܽĵ伮㣬࣬ĻˡҽҳҵѪҺɾѪںϽڣͬʱҲΪ࣬Ҳħˡ⣬һ񷶦ĵ伮ֱӴ㱾ĵ伮Ϊ壬ӽҲκεĹϵ㣬׾ãΪӵҳҵѪʽΪҳҵһӣΪҳҵ
˳ҵѪȻǳҵˣҲģǺģ֮ŵģǳҵѪ
ӷԼ벻Ȼᷢ飬Լ˸ŮͬʱҲΪͳһĵ伮Ҳڰ׾õˣ
ϵĽӷƣѪ˿ӷ罫ԼѪ¯ڣʱ֮䣬¯Ѫɫ
ѪɫĻ棬ȼ𣬰׾õòԪѪںһ֮󣬳ӷٽ׾õƬŰ׾õĻںһԲ񷶦ڵ֮Դʼð׾ø
ɣҵ³Աһ̿ʼҲǰ׾ˣڵ֣г裬ΪҾŹùóһҲͳԵҾŹù֮󣬳ΪүүĵʮŮ裬Ҹɡ
¡¡
޴𶯣Ȼö¯ڣ˳ӷ벻һѪɫâɰ׾õǰ֣ѪɫâҲڽĽ׾õڡ
ӷ˫ķǳ󣬶ȥԼ۾ӲȥԼָоΪԼѪȻԶԼƳǰѪһΪΪѪ
ǡĵѪѪǸҵѪںΪһΪʲôַֿˡ
ӷ֮£ԭڳĵѪں۷֮սӷһλʿѪȻ¯ȥң¯ڣ׾ǰѪɫâһ𣬳ΪһȫµѪ
Ȼ£
ȻĵѪǱ׾õȫӦˣڣѾ˳ӷ磬ӷѪ룬˰׾õڡ
⵽ôһ£ĵѪΪʲôͺ֮ǰֻǼ˳ӷƵģҵµˣʼҪˡ
ҵѪֻһڣǷǳѵõĴڣһҲӵѪӷϳĵѪһ飬˿Ǻģȴ׾ø˹ȥͺܲˡ
ԹԣѵҽѪɾѪ׾ڵĹϵѪôãҲҵľѪһȥ˲ɡһƬ磬񷶦ǿ֮ԴټҵľѪԪľԪгĵһѪһǰʮɣ
׾ϵ̫ˣҲ̫ǿˣȲ˵ܷʮӷĵģǰ׾ܲܳܵסǻǸû˿ȥԤ⡣һУֻܿ׾õˡ
ӷҲ޿κΣ鶼ѾչˣҪȥֹ취Ѿ̫ˣ
һҪסȻǿ󣬿ţһܼģֻҪˣǳңͽһĳǿߣҲһȥˡ

ĵ伮ҲѾӰ׾¯֮ϡ
ӷһա
ĵ伮ɵ˳ӷǰӷֱӽĵ伮սڡ
֮ǰͼΪ׾ѾˣҲ罫ϢǱһΪʧȥ˾ĵ伮ǾͿ޼ɵɱˣʿ٣ˣĵˣȴ벻׾ÿԸĵ伮ֱΪӷãҲͨκˡ
¯ڵİ׾ãȫɢǿĺڹ⣬ڹ⣬ԵļΪ죬ҲԵļΪаҲΪӷѪĹϵɣӷʿĻѪʹа񣬽ѪɾѪ׾ãҲʹİ׾ø֮󣬱һΪаĴڡ
ʱ䣬һһεĹȥʮӣһСʱʮСʱ
ȥˣ¯ڵİ׾ãҲѾȫΣΡ
ʱˣ𣬸ա裬ѹɡ
ֻ¯ڵĻ棬Ѿʧ׾õ˫ۣҲѾӷ絥һӣһѪ⣬ڳԪĵһλóȥλϣһ׹⣬¯¯ڣ׾ԭĺڹȫѹȥ˴׵Ĺâ
㽫Ҳ񷶦ĵһߣҲ֮Ĵලߡҹλɣ衣


1834 
õ֮£ǾŴԪľŸλöĵһλϣһ׹⣬׹⽥ΪΣȴʵ壬һӰˣӰ죬ǰ׾ãҲĳ衣ڳıѾ¯ڳ֣˳ӷǰ
˫ۣǽıţһУȫѾָԭΪﳤĸֱ۷Ҳת˺ڰڣٴϳҵѪһη˸ı䣬׹֮УаѪ⣬Ѫ⣬ȴҪڰ׹֮ڣر飬Բֵġ
һ̿ʼǾĵħŮǾĵ伮Ļ׾Ѿʧˣ³ֵģһȫµһȫµǿߣǳҵ³ԱһӵųѪ³Ա衣
ʵǰ׾ãǳ裬ԭ˵ͬһ˵ģ٣Ըʶ棬ͬһˡ
˫ۻǰֵģȻǳӷ磬ڵĵطó費ˡ
ң𣿡
ѽˣƿȭлĵ
ϣûвܷ飬ֻа첻ˡңպþܰ쵽κµˣԣˡ

ϣһɫ˿£һͷɫ㷢ԵĺƮݣòû˿ĸı䣬ԸоԼ壬ǰȫͬˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҵΪʲôᡭ
Ӧ㣬һࡣҳӷ˵ĻûʧԹǰûУڣҲС㣬ҲǾǸħŮ׾ˣѾһࡣˣԸоһ£ǰûзʲô仯
迴ųӷ磬ŶһԼͻأǿǿİ׹⣬ڱ׹֮ڣһ΢СѪ⣬Ѫ⣬ܵţ轫ѪʱһԼ󲻵ˣȻӷһͬġ
ǡ
˵Ϊǿˣʿ񷶦ԵΪǿҳѪ
󾪣ѪԼڣΪʲôųѪ
ܸң⵽ô𣿡
ӷ罫һе鶼˳裬˶סˡ
˵ڣѾһˣ
ûŵģҳҵѪҺڣӵųĵѪҲѾˣԣڿʼҲħŮ׾ˣг裬ҳҾŹù֮󡣡
˵ӷԼ̫ԿˣԼͳһȫµİ׾ãŮ˵ı֣ȻԼıԼҪߣⶼʲôʲôѽһӷһΪԼõģ
ңѾǳҵˣ
ǰ޸ҲĸھȻһңһӴļ壬ⲻǶǰİ׾ãڵĳ裬һִĶ£
ӣҡ
ҪҹˣѾҳˣְɡңı֣֮ϣԺʲôʲô
Ǿĵ伮أ
ĵ伮ѾڷҲҪӲܱĵ伮ˣҽֱӺĵ伮Ϊá
طǡ
ǲ񷶦ڲҳͬʱҲѾΪļߣڲ֮ұԴ磬Щ磬ҲȫΪáΪļߣȴ񷶦ֻһʶԸо񷶦һС
ԭǲ񷶦ΪǿһŵƣҲηĶˣ
ˣѾˣӵȫµݸźֻܿ˹ҪץʱҵΪ㣬ȥӶˣе磬ȥӶᣬٶȥӶᣬֻȫǿл򣬸ʶԿ
׾õ˵ͷڿɲǸлʱҲ˵Щϻʱ򡣹֪ʲôʱɱֽʲôɫߣҪȫ׼ֱʵ׼
ȳȥӶ磬Сĵ죬ҲҪ죬ΪҸоүӻδȫָӦû޷ȥӶ硣
үүǱߣúõһʱ䣬ŹùõΪߣǶ̫ᣬԣ飬ͿȶˡмǣԵĻʱδأȷҪ
ţ֪ôˣҲСһ㣬Ͼ϶֮ÿһ𣬶൱ΣյġȻв񷶦ǸҲҪ̫ˡ
֪ȥˣܸо񷶦һУҵǷ˳㶼ܸоĵ
ʧ˲ãӷѾ˱֮ϣųǵʶ˵ãҵ¯λм䣬޻񷶦Ҵ֮Դϵ졭


1835 
½ΪأΪ½ĺм䣬һõĴУ֮£½Ľأʵļ̳֮⣬κһ룬·һеĸҲдǿڿš
еײһѨҲ˵һضѨÿһʣ˵½ÿһͳߣѨдһʱ䣬Ϊͻ޾
̫Ӵӵʧܶأԭ˵Ӧõõ޴ͷģȴѨȻ̫ӵΪ̵ʱȥʱܶԸʿȻҪһԭʵ֪̫ȥ棬Ӷڤ磬ڤں޷֮±̫ӶᣬֻҪ̫ܽڤ糹ӵǱߵĵһ磬̫ӵͽʿԿϾʿҲھڤġ
̫ӵ¡
ߣ˶ѨſڣΧصǿߣȫȥⶴѨĶڣһǿסǽȥġ
̫Ӿ͸һڶѨг֣ʵϢ𣿡
Ȼ̫ӵϣͼҲѾˡ
̫ӲɵһЦ˵ͼΪǣ̫Ӷ޷µѵأ̫ӵ뿴ǰ˴ʲôڱ̫ǰţ
̫һ˵ǰ˴ĹϵǺܺãǺĹϵҲѹ֣̫ʼ̳ˣ˴Ϊ֮ϣݸλҲ̫֮£̫˵Ǿ޴вպͳǰ˴Ҳس̫޷á
̫ӵ£ΣǲǶôˣΪ˴ֻʣ߸ˡ
ߵĻ̫Ӵһѣʵʲô˼
ͼˣңˡ
ˣ
ôܣǱǿͼʵСҲĶѽʿȻ£ѾСסˣ˵ͼвʿҪҲǼǳ׵飬ôܻᱻɱ
ΪǱߣʶ벻顣
ʲô飿
ҿʨͻȻڵͼС֣ͼɱġ
ҿʨۣʥʿˣ
ûĿǰö֪ضʥʿŽͼɱġʴŭѾɳߴͬʱǰ棬Ҫ򳹵׻𡣡
ߴȫˣӣ棬᧿Σˣ
֮ţ꿪һΣδǰһΣڲٿˡԱ̫ӿӦûлӦһֲȴѾɱͼˣ֪۵ǿ󣬿¾ҸʣһеĹ
̫֮һҲΪģԲɳߴ˵ʥʿˣʾͽԳһӷ磬ڲδ֮ǰʿδܷӳ֮ǰǲõ̫ġ
ʲǲģֻڵҲûá
̫ӵʾ
Ϊʥʿˣôת𡣡
ʲô̫ӵµ˼˵ǰʦһսܵˣڶûȫת
ȷ길˵̫أ˵꣬Ѿȫˣȴ˺֢ÿʽһʱʹ࣬ʹֺ֢࣬ԶܺõģҲֻܾһеķȥơ
ѹָʻ̫ӵʱأһԷһġ
ôڤ磬ܿͽ̫Ǹʱʲô˴ʲôʿ̫ӲŲ̫Ӻúöߴ˳ãˣҲ׻Ǽڣȱ̫Ӷɹ֮λڱ̫ӵˣʱ̫ӸͲҪκεĺ֮ǣɱ棬ͲһңֵܵסĽ
ǣȥסߴǺùġ⣬̫ӵ£˵ڽ֮ڣʵľڣ꣬ҲѰңȴûҵãܵõʵľ裬ϾڤǾԸʿˣ㵽ʱСܷӳʿҲδػ䡣
ʵľ裿ֻǸ˵ˣ̫ӴͲš
¶ˣ̫ӵ£ȥˡ
ȥɡ
뿪̫ӲûжʲôҲ˵
ѨڣԵʮְʱͻȻѨһ⣬֪ʲôλó̫ȻתǿѪ⣬̫˶
ʲôǿ
εεĽ⣬ڶѨƶ̫Ӧ۵Ĺâ󣬲ſâڵĶ
ǡɣѵ˵ģʵľڣ


1836 ǰµ
ڣԶɽǵˣȫۼ
ӷ񷶦϶죬ѾȥˣһϢҲûУⲻòóԶɽǵģϾ϶ÿһνΣա
ȻڣԶɽһȫһ⾵ӣûκһȥĳӷˣΪ£ҷ棬һޱǿǿߣһЩһԿǿߣӷ֮⣬ںռĳ֮⣬ƽʿ֮⣬һԿǿߡ
֣ӣյŮǳǿ󡣡
⾵ڣ֮Уһ׹⣬ڶʢ֮ڲͣţͣĴţһһ磬űը֮䣬ü磬üȫˡ
Ȼ֪ӷô쵽ģȻӵҳҵѪҺѪǾҳҵˡϾѾǧˣΪʵеί
⾵еİ׹⣬Ȼǳ裬Ҳǰ׾ãѾʼӶˣΪޱȵǿþͳʱʼӶ磬ֻҪӵ˸ЩǿͬʵǾӷչδһڣҲӦò̫⡣
ȻĿǰΪֹĶһ㶼Ӳ֪ʣѾɳߴ棬ߴÿһͼ£Ҳ͵߸ͼĵ
Ůھĵʱ򣬾ѾһһĴˡ࣬ӵ˳ҵѪԹ˵ķȥӶ磬ز֮Ů߳Ӹү֮⣬ΨһһԿġ
ǳţķҲδ治֪᲻ᷢʲô⡣
ϷǿϴεһսϷѾһ첻һˣȻӷϷ޸С壬ɱϾƿȭȼ󣬾Ҫһˡ
¡¡
ʱ綼
Ȼ󾪣ʵʲô£

ߵˣүӣ½ˡ
ˣ½ʲô£Ҫ£Ҳ߳ѽ
˵淢ʲô£Ȼ硣
½ܶദĻɽʼܶң˵𣬻ȫͬһʱ䷢ģֵӣӦΪġ
Ϊɽ
֣᲻ǳӶɵģ
Ӧòᣬڵ֮Ӷ磬ӶҲһľ룬ӦòӰ쵽߲Ŷԡ
ȻǳӶɵģǡ
ӣĵϾҪɱˡ½緢£Ӧǿߵɵġ
ʲô˻δͿôĶģʲô
Զɽҡҡͷʲôˣû˻֪ɲʲôˣԿ϶ǣģԲǰһһˣΪһ˵δ͸˾޴Ķ
ƼСӣСӡ
үʲôԸ
ϴ½ȥⳡȻ֣ҲҪȥκεķʩ

ûֻҪҲͻΪĴڣȻͻУǷͬʱҲǵˡ
Ǭ˵ү˵Ķԣξ͵ʲô֪͵һ֡뿴ˣʲô
֪ͨ裬ϻʱᵽʱܴڵ֮⣬ⱻɱֲ⣬ȥӷδ֮ǰһУȫ账ͳͳӳ
ǣүӡ
̾˿սҪʼˡ
ʲô
֣룬ʱǲӦýȫˡ

Զɽüͷʵ֮⣬棬ʲôڣ
֣ͱˡ֮ǰӦѾһЩ°ɡңһˣǺˣȴվߣûôֹ
ӣҲѾǰˣȴĽǰȫϵû֮ǰȷţǸˣԭǺһεľȴڵܶˡ
ǲӦȥˣ
ҪȥңϷ뿴ε㡣
㣬ޣˣûֹˣȴҲһҪĴڣ飬ûʲô֣û֪ʲôطȥˣܶ˶ΪѾˣû뵽ڽռ֮ǰѾš


1837 ԶĹ
ӡȣǷ̵ԴأҲǷ̵ʥأйݵķڷУаٷ֮ʮŶԴӡȵģңɼÿһУӵһҲǰЩ֮˵ķĹ
ӡĳɽУһǳϵȫΧţ޷ĴСĴſﲢԷΪͬʱŵΪڴŵһߣŰͼһ߲Ƿ̵ķӡ
ɽм˿ģҲֲҹĳʪɭΧɢĵʪʹΧ̦
ָĶΧͣţûκһֻ֮У·ʲôǸеη壬־Ĵڣһ룬ֻ·һ
ʱһϷïܵҶȺʱΪһ⣬ûյɽƳһУΨӣԿһƬССգ⣬Ǵġ
ڽ֮󣬱һᣬԼʮӣͲǺܴ󣬿ɢȴʲô˶ܳܵģϣĮ°ɱһ֮
佣佣˵ϵĽ񣬿˭뵽λͲĽǰǸĬĬ֮˵ŮֵѹĻᶼûС
ֱʶ˳ӷ磬ڿʨİ֮£佣ΪٰͬĽڳ۽ռ䣬ӷ뿪֮佣û̫һ𣬻˵һʱǳ٣ʱ䶼һˣһһµ
˽죬˵佣ǽ֮Ļ˸ô˳ƺˡ
佣ǰĳٳϣͻأ⣬Χľȫ¡¡ʹΧжȫܵܣҲȫȫ˳
֮󣬱Ҫʮ˵ɽռһķΧ佣ĵ⣬ȻΧҪҲڵȴʲô˵ĳƵġ
ԭһҲ佣ֻǿĴſڣΧûˣûκεһ￿佣ͻڵһʱ佫ɱ
ԭһҲ佣ʱͻȻһӣǰһ֮ϣһġ֡
үѾ˼֣ٽá
Ĵſ˽ȥͬʱ֮ڣһߣˣվһǰ߿ȥа䣬һˣһŮˣ˵Ҳ󣬸佣࣬Ǹʵͱ׿л԰Ůˣһɫȹӣ⣬ǻŮŵѽ
ʱ˹ʵһ֣ӹ˵ڻˣ
ŵ˵ѽѾˣڻˡ
ͬʱŶߣû֣˵ûֵģʵŵȣޣҲǺһλʵۣѾ˳ң޸ŵȣиʵ򣬶ͬһ顣
ˣڻļҵط
ܿ϶ҿǧֹ˵ĹļģҲͱˡ
˵йʷϣһʵۣӵŲͬģټٵĹѨѵԶ񣬾ͲмٵĹѨǸѾͷ˵ЩĹֻӵԶƣûЩԶľڣûڡ
ޣɲҪ˵ұΪŮ֮ȻҲʧĻ
֪ˡȻһҲʧʧֻˣν岻ͬûˣԪγɵģһ¥ǿСγɵģڶѾԴеǿߵģСʲôǶӦú
ʵʵ˼˵ֻҪС滹ڣǾͿʱͳȫµԶС棬ûʧ
ûǰʨûļ˵Ҫչȶ󷨣ԣǲѰʱ䣬ȻĹҵˣΪԶԶ֮սû꣬ǱղطΪģǷֹպ޴ΣЩԶŵ񣬾ͿٴѹٴΪЧ
Ȼˣ㻹ʲôϻԶɣ佣ǼһǳĳƢҿɲʱɱƴ
ȱ𼱣ʱδ
ʱʲôʱ
һʯЩʯ׹󽫻ֲͬЩǻѵԶ
ʲôЦȥĸʲôʯ
ָһ㣬˵ˣⳡԲͬʯ꣬Ҳ˵꣬ǳҵɵġһʱһʱ֮ڣϷͿԽЩʯѵԶˡ


1838 ʾ
֮ڣʢ֮УѾӶ˾ŸˣŸ綼һľ룬Ӷ֮󣬾͵Щ꣬ıըʢӶ𶯣ϾǾŸ磬Ÿͬʱըȶǰδеġ
Ӷ˵ʮ֮ʮ籬ըʯȫ˷ɢȥͬһӴĳӰ㣬ӲͬķӿȥǾ죬֮·ҪûһС
ѾӶʮ磬ʮ粢Ǻܴ󣬳׵Ľʮ糹ʱԼСС
ͬʱڶʢ֮⣬һ޴ĳ涴涴Уս֣սٶȶǺܿ죬ȴǷΪÿһս״оĲֶͬ
ų涴ڳֵսǿʢӶʢӣһټսһž׵ǺӴսҲչ
˫ȻһתȥΪǳԶǵǹ⣬Լ߿
ˣ
һ̫ӣڶͼ޾ڣѾɳ˵ˣǰͬϣϣ֮ǰǿ
貢ûֱӷصʮ磬ӵŶһԡ
һɫ⣬ֱӳսǱ߳˹ȥ
Ǹմӳ涴ǰսڣ߸ֱվҲͬģҲսϡǲûаս֮߸ˣȫ磬վҾ޴սϷ֮磬֮¶š
ͼǼһҲ̫ˣȻᱻɱ
һ˲ɵĿЦһЦУųͬʱǶ˺ܴӣòЦ
ôͼɱǰ˴˵Ī衣߸ͬʱ棬Ҫ𡣡
Ҫ˵̫ˣѪʿټϴֻصôöԸĻͼҲˡ
µĻһսɱɡ
ߴĿǰֲ˭˭໥֮䣬ҲӦòẰԷ֣ѾǷǳϤĴˣ˭˵˭
£ֻǲҪоͺáϾСӣǴ֮ĵתʿĻңȻܴӾڤص磬õĵ伮Ⱥ̫ӣɱ˽δͼҲǵڶۡ
ҪСӿ̫ˣǳʦתÿһ˶ʦǰǿǰҲӮҿɣȽ磬ڰСӵĵףԵĻڳ΢һ£ȷң˳סĳԱΪá
ĵͦģЩһȻǿ󣬿Ҫӷ磬ģ˵ʵǶʸ
ҲͲȥƻʲôʱңԶһŮ˵
һȺҪĶȻƺˡҿҲˡ
ʲôˣ
̡аɡ
¡¡
ǿİ׹⣬϶£սѹ
СҲó׳󡣿ӣУҲûʲôǿˡ
ʮ磬ϡ
յõʮ磬ֱӾںϽڣƬλ֮ڣȫγһ޴
СѾͷôں㾿ʲôˣ
ЩͰںķֻŶʵҲȷˣֻϧȴӷ֪ˡ
ҡ衣
裡
顭һǿİ׹⣬սһ𣬳ɲɵǺȥ߸ʵǿޱȣǶ֣˵һ裬ʮ裬Ҳֻķݡ
Ȳˣһڵǣ־ͷɡʲôıֶΣھԵʵǰǸơ
Ҫ߾죬գۼ䣬Ѿʧˡ
ߴ໥һۣûκһȥ׷˵ǲмȥ׷衣
ҵУֻгԶɽۣӷʲôʱðһˣ
ӣѾҽ˵˽ĺˣȴͻȻðһ裬һں磬еͷԣơ
ӣҲûеôС㾭ʱ䣬ǺǿģΣǲʧҪҳײ
˵˵ܽҳײߴﶼףҲˣûģһվָ֮䣬ͿɱһСһӷ磬һ񷶦һʿͺ鷳ˡ
ͣ
һһ֧սȫֹͣǰ
Ϊʲôͣ
ǰ棬Ѿǵˡ
սٶѾ˶ʢӣǿ򣬵ˣ
򣬶һ޴⣬⣬ָĹâţֹâǲӦôڵģȴˡ
ӣһһ֡ǿһҲǲСӵġ
ҷ棬еǲӲ
һ򣬻߸һ棿
ʱ䲻ֻ࣬Ǽʱѣǿɲ̫áɣǾͷΪֱ磬սȲҲҪ̫˳ҵȦס
ţͬ⣬ڣȥ򿴿Ըһģɡ
һͬȥ
ߴֱӳ˹ȥ


1839 佣
ӡɽ⣬佣Ľ󣬽Ǽ϶ĳǿ⣬ڵ棬ûܹ
Ȼ
ڣĹϷѾһƬǿգֻʯ·׹һĻӰˣЩ׹ʯֱ֮ڡ
һʱ䣬ʱѾˣ
˿̣˫ִһӡǿҵ⣬ڱ
ʱˣϷ򻤷ͻԶ񡣡
ʵŵҲʣЩ飬ǿɲֻܰ޵Ļȥ졣
޵ǰͻȻһննǺܴ󣬿ɴӿնڣʯѾ˳
׹֮ǣȫϡԶʱˡǵСٴȼհɣǵֹɡ
޻䣬еĹȫ˲ͬɫĹâĹâۼĹϷںһγһͨĹֱӾͳĿնڡ
¡¡
ʹ佣Ϊʲô״Ҫȥ
ͬʱڵĴ㣬ոճ˽ȴΪĳĹâʢʹֹͣ
ʲô
ǿȴѽ
û´ĻӦǳҵһŵơû뵽ҵȸյ򣬾Ⱥ¡
˼˵ֱȥҵЩˣ
׾ٵ飬Ҳ˽磬ʹǷĵطְɡ
Ǻãֱӹȥˡ
硣
Զɽӱ֮ȻҲǸոջп飬˳Զɽ
ã
ԶɽɫͻȻתΪɫӰһѾʧҲųԶɽϢ֮ġ
үӣʲô£ʵ
Ǳߣˡ
⣿ʲô⣿˭ĵȻ
֮棬˵ӡȣ
û
Ҹȥһ˰ɡ
СոǴ棬ҲչֹʱٸͷԲк³ģԷҲܷҳҷǿߡ
֣Ǹô
ΪϾƵģҪһȥǲܣһϣǾǱɱķݡ
˵ףŮսңҲҪΪ顣֮ǰŮѾˣȻ˵̫ǿ󣬵ŮѾӵʮǴ򲻹ûġ
Զɽһ£ȷڳ˳֮⣬û˿Ըǿ߶ԿǳԶɽԼҲԿˣҲӶ磡
Ҳֻˡ裬ʹħ޴ȥɡǧҪסӡǱߣҳһҪһõ˽
׷ģŮʮħ֧ħ޴ѹҲѹˡ
ӡɽ⣬佣ҪͻȻǰһǿҵĻ֡
䡭һ޴Ļ棬ס佣·滹ӵ㣬ֻǵס佣ûжΧκε˺
佣ҲǸˣ֮£ûк˰벽ֻվԭأĽǿҵĽ
αͷβģɡ
û뵽ҵ˻湻ֵģȻһҲҡ
ʵ佣ѾоԷ֪ԽԼٱԼ֣ͺñǼʯͷġµǳҪӵųһ֧ӣȻĿǰ֪һ֧ôľӣȻԶɽǳǰͷԸģ֧ӾٲãҲȥɣ
Ӱ佣ͬʱǻ棬ҲѾʧ
佣ŲæתǰˣˣȻߴеÿһ˵Ϊ۷ľ磬ӵж磬ֻҪһͼӵж֪ˡ
СӣϵĽɱͦġҲɱ㣬ʶģϹȥ߳Ҽ˵ݣȫˡ
ݣ
֮ǰͼ飬佣ȻûйȥҲģҪӷԳֵģǿһôĵزͿ֪ˣ

ͻأ佣ϣһɸǿҵĽ⽣ǰǳҽеٮٮ߲ѧġ
ıΧһУ˷飬Ĵţѷ졣
ǿĽֽԲСɫӵеġû´ĻӦǳҿʨ̳İɣ
֪ʨǻٹ򣬹ǵϼȥ򣬾ֻ·һ
佣ȷǳ̳ģ㣬˭˵ǡ
СӣǲС治ǳҵˡҪ֪ߴȫˣ˵ǳ۵̳ģʨԵѵߴ˲ɡ
ȻˣǾ԰ɡ
ৡ
佣ĽѾ֣һֱָ֪ŵ


1840 ɽҡض
ס֡
佣Ҫ֣ͻȻɽһ޴𶯣·ȫȫ߳˹漴һ׹⣬Ĵǰ
佣ڵһʱ䣬оһǿϤӷϵͬģ佣ΪǳӷˣһתģȴһµŮˣ
Ǻˣ
ڲʶ£佣Ͳκ£ǰֵŮˣȻӷһģϾ佣ûмģ֪᲻ǵ˸Ĺ
ǵĽ񣿡
Ȼǳ裬ڳҳ˳ӷ֮⣬Ҳֻгӵǿˡ
ʵھǱߣҲһ棬񽣡
ò˵佣Ȼѷɫ࣬ϾҲںܶǰѾˣߵĽȴһͲꡣ
Ҿ佣ǵˣǾһְɡ
Цһû뵽ҵˣ˵ĿһеĴڣ֪ΪҪʮǧҲὫκǿĵ˷ġ
˳ҵ³Ա衣ү佣
ҵ³Ա
佣еԥʲôʱһ³Ա
ӵļһòСҲһģҵĸоȴǳҵˡң佣Ͳһס
òҵ佣ûеģ˿֮⣬˵佣ҲǸǳ佣ˣΪòƣͷһеĽġ
һ佣
һ⣬ӳз佣Ȼתס⣬佣ղеǵ
ǳҵˡ
ûڲҪκεĻɣоǣĿǰһУ£ˡ
ԣҪ佣Ĵţģ佣Ҳ˹Ӱһվſڣ
гڵǰ֪Ҫ˶ٱҪ赲ǲ̫ܵġ
Ŀ湻ġ
侲ɱ佣й֮޲ϾǸǧĽɫħŮĴ棬ȻҲҪ佣ܶࡣ
ȫų裬һ˵㡣
ûҡڳҵ磬Ƭ棬Ҳڳҵ¡ǰѾԹһˣıƣʹĳ˵Ƭ֮ڣ˽죬ѵǻǰֶԸҳҲɡ
ǰɡ
裬ݣǰ֣а׾á
׾ãõʧӦǾڤħŮɣ
¡¡
𶯣ֱӳһֻֻħޣʱ֮䣬ΧȫΧס
û뵽һССħ֪֮ӣһֱڶžǱߡ
ܶ飬ô򵥣Ƚɫһ£ħŮ׾ãǾĵ伮Ļ
ǡ
㲻Ѿͼɱ𣿡
˼ǸνĿûʸɱңȴʿɱ
ԭͼǰϢǼٵġĵ伮ûбŮǰħޣڱ࣬һҲΪĵ伮Ĺϵ
һ˵оĵ伮֣ǾڤǿıǰǾѾʶˣ֮ǿ󣬿Ҳʿ֮¶ѡ
ڸô죬Ƕ֣ȶ
ȱţѾͷѾ࣬Ҳ˵ѾǾĵ伮Ļˣĵ伮һ
⼸ҲɵϣĻᱻ輸ŵǱϾĶڣΪϣ棬ǸһȵĴڡ
ҲѾ㵣ģԼھֻʮûоĵ伮ǰһǰһĵָ֮䣬ܽԼɱһ涯֣ҲǱסģ͸˵еˡ
ӣҲֻʱ䣬ϣӷܾ϶ľ磬֮ʿ񷶦ϳѪĵ伮ǿԸһﶯֵġ
ſڵ佣ҲѾս׼׼֪裬ܴĹһԼڵͬĶ֣ʱ䣬ҲΪ佣ڵ뷨
ȥҵǡ
佣ܳԶɽֱӾǰ
迴һ佣ʵôˣ
ûϢڰ졣
Ƚȥסǡ
һ𣿡
һˣҲǲеģû취ЩҪ츴
ʱɫĹâ佣ת˵ӣѾɹһˡ
ɢԽԽǿ֪һǳҷ棬ʲôǿߣҳɹˣ治֪ᷢʲô¡
ôˣ֡
һ߶ʮһֱӾǰһɽҡضɽȫζ
ڣһֱӳ˳漴һâ˳ŵȸʵȳˡ
ʲô£
ŵʵ
佣˵ҵĽѾǸˡ
ʵʲôȻ˿㽣󡭡С㣬ôҲˣ
ǾС㣬ֻǸС㳤һѣҲǳҵˡ
ŶȻ顣
Ȳ˵ôˣ½еôˣ
һ
ãȻֻһˣҲͲõʲôˡŵȣʵһ֣ƴˡ


1841 
Ķİ٣ǧûзֱģһܽȫɱǳֵܵһӣ佣ȴһжס
еһ΢ǰһɽҡضɽɽƵģˣȫȥ˳裬佣ȫѪ̫ǿˡ
ȥɲǰ취̫ǿ磬޵еĴڡ
ʵΪ׵ģҲصģصǣ˸ͻδѽ
˽ȥһ赲ǡ
УҵĹأǲܶԼ˲ܵġҪҲȫ˰ɡ
佣֣һӽϣеĳǰڲ֪նɱٵ˵ĳƳ˷顣
ļһ
佣Ѿ޿κˣ飬ûκε
ŵȸʵͬʱӳûнȫ˳ϡ
豻ŵȸʵһƶ˳ǰȴһҲܳˣˮӿ޷˿ˡ
¡¡
ɽһ޴ıըֻɽͷһֱӳ˳Ѫ֮⣬лƽʿ
ͬʱ̧ͷŽ϶£ԼѹҲޱȾ޴󣬸Ѫͬġ
е˼ȻС˽ڣӣλӦþǳҵμɡ

ʱʧԶɽͬʱɽͷϡ
費ϳԶɽϹӣԶɽѾµ˻ĽһвģҵǿߣʱֻгԶɽҪ֡
ʮ
СҲó׳󡭡һٸơ
顭
̼䣬֮䣬ոӶʮ磬ֱӾͱһƽˣͬʱҲ³豻ǿˣ˳ȥŵȸʵͬʱҪס裬ȴ벻ɳȻͬһڵء
λȻҳСоѵʾûǣʲôж𣿡
Զɽ£ȫƽףֳֻƽ޽
Ŷû뵽ңȻһƽʿףδΪʲôˣΪ̫Сǳҡ
ٷϻǰҾģҵѵ浱ҳ˲ɡ
ˣ⻰ɲ˵Ȳ˵ģһۣѾ޵ˡ
ߣɲ˵һۣǵʦת޵ǺġֻǸ޵еĳʦĳۣҲ𲻵κεðɡ
ΪߵһЦ˵ȿϷɣһԶɽһˡ
ǺãȻͷҲȥĵطתתɣﲻܳʲôʲôɫͶ㴦ˡ
䣬ûôֱ࣬ӻ⣬ȥûҵκ˷
׷ǣϷҪ֪ǵ١
ǣүӡ
佣ˣҲܲô࣬򲻹佣ڳѧ⼸꣬ҪˣûģӳߵĴڣ֪佣ǣҲϣҪ͸ɣֻҪϾС
佣ˣԶɽһԵеˣ֮ǰҲѾͼˣͼǰӦò°ɣֻƿصĶӦòһѡ
ŵȣȽȥеôˣ
ǣүӡ
ŵȸʵˣ˵Ҳȥɡ
ȥû𣿡
ģȻҪǽȥһа취
˵ͷҲֻˣԷӲƴ˭ռ˵ģųԶɽҲսס
֮ڣ˸һͼĹ֮ϣһ޴ӰӰԵķǳ࣬УһѾ޴ĸӣûдκε·ӣҲֻһ鲼ţΪͭɫ
޴ӰΧֳӰЩӰԵıȽСִģһðͼӣӵԱߣһþ޹ӣΧкܶ࿴Ʒǳ죬һʱ벻ʲôɫ֡
ЩԶ񣿡
ûһӦþǡ
ȫ죬ڻûȫ˭ȫ˵һȥҪ˵һ仰
ɫĹâȫǰҪڣâסˣЩâûгȥǱ̶а㡣
һˡԶ֮ȫѰɡ棬ȫѰɡڣ
˫ִһӡղ佣৵һǰ
˫ųԶӺپѰɡ


1842 ˣ
ΪǿڣʿҲǴ˵еĴ˵е񻰣ƽʿԶɽȴ˵Ĳһһжֵס
ȻԶɽ֮ǰͼһսΪԾűѪʩչƿȭ³Զɽȼ˴Ȼõӷõ޸ʱشҲʵʵģôͻָ
Ӷʮ磬ЩǰֵסһУ͸οǳԶɽˡ
ϵĻƽףѾðֻͷ·ǳԶɽ𽥵
ҲƬеǿˣΪƽʿȻĲססţ򣬵ء
ءһʲôô²аɣĻҪ磬ֱ棬ͿԽɵˡ
Զɽصȥʱ򣬳Զɽǲ뻹ȴ޷ΪԶɽͷųȻ𲻵˿ã·ڸտʱȫʧˡӦ˵ǣظչȥˣ
һȻճԶɽճԶɽճԶɽϢǳԶɽƽðĻǱǳԶɽϢأڲϵš
ѹֳ֮ΪȻɱ˵
ԣǳԶɽɽڣȫۼ˹صͷЩΧϢأȻɽֵ
ļһȻǼȥУЩոջָʶҪѵԶҲյϢͲҪ֣ŵһ֧͵սҪظˡ
¡
ʱڣͻȻһɾ޴𶯣漴ֻһ⣬ڳ˳
ͬʱڹصĽ£һͼγɵİͼڹصĽתҲʹĹصգɣȫжϡ
Ȼ£ʲôˣȻжϱ֮
ػССԾһѣµİͼҲһ̤ŵͬʱȫƳˡ

ЦȻ𣬹Ȼ̧ͷȥͼϷһ޴ӰӰУһѰͼض˹ȥȻؽµİͼʧˣͷҲٳһͼ
ԶɽȶԼųֵİͼ˵һ
ҲЦԶɽѵ㻹ΪһˣͿ뱾Կ𡣡
ԶɽȻΪһˣԸضԿϾһ̫ǿˣԼƽʿĶ֣ЩѵԶ֡
νһｵһԿ˹أ٣ܽɵжϵɣղҲѾ֤ʵһ¡
ϵӰѾ˳Զɽǰһ鲼£Ǹũ񣬵ȴӵž޴Ļ֮
аͼȻջأԳԶɽһǰ΢΢
Զɽ˵ͷ˵ڲǿʱҳ浱ǣΪ˽졣ĳңѾ˲ϡˣҪȵܶԿǿС
ģһѾѵУǻδѹ֮ǰ£ȵסɡ
䣬ǰһվаͼһӣ˫ִһӡǬΣۣ޸룻飬ȱ¶ϡơ
Ӱͼǳ˵ͬʱһͼǰߣҲһͼĸͼΧˣȥ
ƣƣơ
һġơ˵ڣĸͼҲ˼ЧǾǣ¹أ޷ȥգȥκεκεϢ
ŶȻ㾿Ǻˣ
ѾƵǰԶ֮ˣֹͣǰڵȣٳˣΪ֪Լֻܺסأ޷˿˺
¡ˡ
ˡ
ԵĴʼˣˣԶ֮һеߣԶʱŮ洣ͬһģҲŮһ׹硣
ৡ
˱ŵͬʱһǿҵĹ𣬹̷Ӧ˹Աһˣ顭һڹ֮ǰλãһ޴ıըһ֧ǵطһ޴Ŀ
ѹˣһ˯Ҳ֪˯˶áû뵽һѹôõ¡˴һһ
һ˴г֣˵û·һõĶ̿㣬ļǳһͷֳһѾ޴乭󻹱һװ˼Ͳ˵Ķͷϣһɫ̫ӡǡ
Ͱ㵱һͷ˱ǡ
ԶɽˣһģҲƽ˵ˣաѵʱ򡣡


1843 
ˣգйŵеĽɫ
Ȳ˵ˣǲǵе֮ͬʱҲԶʱڵߣͳ壻࣬൱Ӣµģ˵Уһ֮еľŸ̫˵ģĽ˵ʱĺģԲǾŸ̫Ǿſʯˣɾ͵ʯһһ飬Ҳޱȵģ٣ڵԶʱڵˡ
ϵĴʵ˵⣬ҪӲ¸ѹķ˸ֽ࣬һˡ
Ȼ˸ҲɵӣѾо˹ص֪Լ߳ٱҵļԶɽһƽʿ֣Ȼ֪֮ġ
ԶʱڵĴЩһǰͬСӰ㣬ⲻò˵ߣȷҪǿ౶
һܿһĵʲôطںռ䣬صĺĴ½Ҳһġ
еһž޹˹ȥͬʱİͼ˹صƶٶȣؾһɽ㣬ƶٶ½£Ҫȥɱĺ඼һǳѵ顣
ǿǿӲӲ֮ƣٶȻԼٲͣĳˣŷݰ㣬ͻȻǧ֮⡣
νĳǿҿҲˡ
ųһЦЦء
ŭˣ˸ַŷݣΪɴûܵ˵ϷŪϰĴڣȴԼǰӣ࣬Щǲ֪ߵغˡ
ԶɽǼʶʲôĳҡ
Զɽ֪ҪŭˣһǿԶɽȻûмԲͼ֮µġ
ˣ࣬Ķ֡
䣬Ѿ̫ˣصѾʼ񱩣ʮ磬ǰ
ͬʱҲг˳ӶʮȻ֮ǰˣƵģҲʮĻѣֻҪûƣǳ軹ܻϵġ
ʮ
ˣͬʱʮֻϧصʮ磬ԶԶڳ֮ϣ˫һ¡һΧһУȫΪƽأ˸ͷ˿̣վ棬Ҳܿе
޸ߺһ񸴻̹ţˡ
̹ţ˵еĵһֳһѿٵظ޴ӰʱͻȻΪһͬԭӵըسȥ
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ɽֱ֣ӱݻ٣ӡȣɽУȶȻҲӡȵٷ
ܿ죬ϢѾӡȵ׶ͬʱϢйҲѾܵϢȫ磬ȫܵϢսľӣȫɽӿϹ棬ӡȡϵӡ̫ǵˣ棬رǼȫ֣æ飬йսձսмøսȫӡȷ
ôĶڲ񷶦ڵĳӷ磬ȻҲǸоˣڣӷڽн׶Σ޷ȥæģҲ֪һʲôǿߣͼ֮ϣ˵ˡ
ȶһᣬϾͽɹˡ
ӷһ϶죬졭ͻơ
ӡըĵطΧĿǰλã˭ҲҽǷըɽΪû֪һô
ȻѾˣǲҪȥ
Ѿ˺üȫµĶԱˣǣ쵼ˡ
𼱣ڻ֪ðȻ룬ֻǴҪ
˵㿴᲻ӷ棿
ܣӷĻһڰǳҪ飬ǲǲܽȥҪֹ˽ȥ
ţˣ棬Ѿ˽ˡ
ȥֹǡ
棬صձͼһѾ޴ĸӣ˹ǰ
ըɢȥһ·ˣ˳Զɽǰ·пӣȻʯͷģңЩʯͷ·⶯
̹ţ
̹ˣˣͬʱޣҲѾ˳
ԶѾȫѹˡھ͵һ£սǲս
ʱսǲ̫ܵģԶɽ붼û룬˵ûκβ£ս͵˻ȥ
ǣ
ܣ첻Щһʲô·һ뿪򣬱˵֮УЩСɫԸ𡣡

ʱһɭЦ𣬿ȴû֪ɭЦǴĴġ
ǿʲôˣ
ϲףӷѾɹˣǲҪˡ
Զɽɫѿ˵ҲδأҪȫ׼Сһˣ˻ȥ
ǣס
ҲųЦˣֻǷųʶȥооģ֮⣬
ڳˡ
صϣϹ֣һɫףϣͬʱһ˫ɫĹҲ쳤˳
ʿӷ硣ɡ


1844 ʼƻб
ѵĵԶȫ˻صſڣȴûһǽģǶ뿴һļ̳ˣ˵еʿжǿ
ԶɽˣҲѾȫȥ˿̣һλǰûȥ׷ɱԶɽǣĵȴųĿǰǿǸ˳֡
ڹصϷͻȻһţֻһ˿Ѫ⣬سȥ˿ͷ£·ڵϴһ׵ӷվ˿֮ϣ˴Ѫ˿ֱѹ˹ͷ
û˿ķɣΪ֪ڳֵģɲǳԶɽЩˣӷӵеݣӵеĶǳ࣬񷶦ʿĵ伮Ѿ㹻ˣ٣ͼڳӷֵ֮ġ

ӷһڲûбʿԳѪϵڹվ֮أһǿҵıը
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ǿıըٴβһԭӵըֱӳųȥ
ǿ϶ڼ죿
λڼʶӷ󣬶ǴΪ𾪡ԶʱڣÿһǴ񣬵ȴûһˣӵǿŮ֣ҲͨδĹϵõһֱȻȡ
϶죬졣
۷ĳǿߣڼӷԼ۷֮£治֪ӷô쵽ģǳ˷ܼһ̼
ӵǿѾԸļˣɵļȴ۷ľѽ
ûκһˣһϵĴ˵Ϊÿһˣӷˡ
ػһ𣬽Χըƻȫɢ˫ɫӶգӷԡ
㣬ʿӷ磿
ôҲҪ̫࣬Ϊһ֮˵֪ˣҲûʲôá
Ŷӣǳ֮˵ĿǸǰһ󡣡
û취ӵžʵˣһ㣬Ǿ͵һ˷ѡȻһ٣ٶҲʱŵģɼȻѾˣѾ˹ˣҲûҪǿ
ͼɱģ
ĿǰûֱɱЩ˵ʵˡ
⻰ʲô˼ѵġ
Ҫ̫࣬Ҹںռ䣬㣬ӦúɾûҸףһˣ٣ٻȥ
Ǿñʶһ£ʿɡղһȷǿڣֵˡ
ӷɭһЦ˵Ϊղͷųģʿ𣿡
ѵǣ
Ȼǣ壬һ㣬Ǳġ˵ˣЩһӵһ˫ѵʿӵһ˫𣬿ڵңг𣿡
ȷʿȴڣһ˫һеģ㲻Ҫ룬Ϊǰۼġ
죬ӷ緢ӳ˾ƻԵȻʿģùصģе
ûбʿӵǿԲǵ
˵ûҲû˹涨϶ļҪһȥİɡѵҾͲֱӵ۷徳𡣡
ֱӵ۷徳磿
ӷȻں˵ģ㣬ӷ绹רңҲ֪ƹٱȳӷǿĽɫˡ
˶һֱӵ۷徳磬Ȼ飬Բܵġ
Σ㵱ɵղŵʿĻǾһĴֻص
ΪȻ֪񷶦ӵŶ㻹ϻʲôɣҵĵҪһͼ޾ܽǶңżİ
ػԼ˵ɵӣҲѽڶ֪ӷƳʲôˣӷһսӷ粻ʿ񷶦ùû취㣬ͼϾѾԹˡ
ڵĹأȴΪӷĺƣѾʼҪùˣʱУĵӰĵӰǻδĴ
أȲǺģ˻ɣƻı䡣
ƻı䣿
ظպþһ̨£ȻµǸûκιϵˡ
ӷ磬պսɡ
ӷҲӰһſڣŹȥȻҲȥֹġ
佣Ҳʱ򴫻Ϣ˵ղȥûиһ뿪򣬶ǳͬķȥΪٶ̫죬佣׷ϡ


1845 ʯ֮
֮ڣڽƼ
ҷȻ޷ϹʱڵĴȣǰһٰʮ·ֽѵĵԶ񣬹Ƶǿ߾λٸǿУ̹ŵΪǿξǷ˵ȵϵԶŴǡ
ɲ̹ţ֮ǰЩۣټϾĹЩĶ֣ԸЩһֻǿӷһˣĿǰֻܿӷ磬Զɽ棬һӶ̫٣һδʼӶᣡµľ˵ڳҷ棬ʵںǲ
ӷڽ죬ʿ񷶦ټϳѪļƵģϾ߸ֻҪǲһߣÿһ˵Ǹͼµģͼ֮ǰǱ۵ش֮ӷл֣ڣӷΪһҪԸЩӦǲġ
ϧǣǹͻȻˣ佣ǱҲˣȻǳ˵֮⣬֮Ĵ㼯ʣµȴڵ˵ʼƻб䣬治֪ôı仯ʲô
ӷΨһģҵڵϵǵϣ̽ǵļƻԷļƻ֪ͲӦˡ
Ҷ˵˵εʲô
ӷ⣬ʵûܹش֮ǰˣ̫ӸͼֱֱûκεĲֿԣͼǵɽİϷҪٵ̫սҲѾӷʶˣͷһѽ
ӣ¿ֻԲӦˡϾôģһͷӲҪ򣬸ǿսĻǶǣû˿ĺô˵ģߣҲûκʤġ
˵һҲûӷоʤĻҲͲˣʹɱ˳ȥ
˵Ҳһ߸ȴˣ˵ֻҪҵ˵λã˵ͿԴڵĵطжǽҪ顣
ӷ˵ͷȻ޷ȣȴҲһ޴ҪһͨˣͬǴ룬ҪأӴصЩɽȥҲҲġͬǵϴǿƣֻҪɢ˿ƣǾҵǵλˡ

ĩڡ
ȥ֮ģһа취ҽһλҵ
ǣӡ
ڣһҲûӷûжһ£Ҳû½ȥҪǵȣϢ
Ҳ֪˶ã
ӣϢˡ
˵
ڵλǡ
˵ţǰһ⾵ӣ⾵ڣһһ½㣬ڵ˳
ӷ翴ŵͼʾλã˵Ӣ
ʵܵӢȥʲô
ѽҪңڣȴܵӢȥˣʲô
һ£Ӣľλá
˵òˣ֪
˵
ӦӢ׶Ϸһٶǧ׵λá
׶أûǴĻǵطһƽԭɣ
ûһƽԭһȫһǳĵط
ɿųӷ磬ӷɫ΢΢˱䡣
ȫһǳĵطʲôطѽĴ꣬ڵĵطеˡ
һᣬӷ˵Ȳƽԭ
˵ʯ󣡡
ûƽԭϣΪͻģҲȫģֻоʯ󡣡
ҾͲˣһǵطȥεĻʯǲҶȥˡ
ڲ˵ЩʱǱҪһĿ꣬ǲǾʯ󡣡
ʵӷ磬˵Ǹʯʲôʱģ
⣬ɾʵӷˣ
ʵķǳãܿϧҲ֪
ô᲻֪أﲻǵ𣡡
ҳҵĵ̣ܶ飬ҲǲġλôϵԶŴӦ֪̹š
޴ģʯͷ·̹վ˳˵кηԸ
ҳ浱ѡĵһߣӦ֪Ǿʯʲôʱİɣ
̹һ£ԥһ£һ£˵ӣʵڱǸҵ꣬ȥûЩ
ΪĵһߣȻûЩҲܹ̹ţ׵ģҲЩ߰Ķѽ
ˡ
ӣҵֻⶫߵĶǱҲô⡣
һ֪ģʺҲʵġ
ŵȡ
ŵվ˵ӣҪˣǾʯ󣬾̹ŴҲ֪ʲôʱģΪ֪Ǹʯһڵģڵ֮ǾʯѾˡ
ɵʱ򣬾ʯѾˣҲ˵ǾʯǰԲ񷶦ʱ͵ʱʯʹţ
ŵôһ˵Ȼ󾪣˵ã
ôˣ
Ӧ֪ʲôˡ
˵
ӣȸȥǸʯ·˵Ϊˣ


1846 ƽԭϵļ̳
˴ʹС֣֮ûݸߵ֮ÿһ˵ΪǲµģӲҪǵҳһߵ͵ĻҲֻ˵ͷԸֶεĲͬˡ
µȻĸĻ뿪ģɱӷ׹öˡ
򣬲İƣ֮⣬Եĺǲˬʵ˵ʵʲôƻ
һ˵ҪӲҶеĵʵ̫࣬Ҳ㹻Կȥʣ֪ҪʲôʱԣѾıսԣڳͻˣֱӽڵ磬磬ֱӸٵ
ֱӻ㵱ƻƬѽбֱӽηһʿһȥ
г򣬲˭٣ûоԵİսֱӻٵ
ڡ
˵˵Ҫôֱӻ򣿡
أˣÿһ磬Ҳ˵һγǰ壬ֻҪǻ屻ƻˣ磬ͻԵıը
ûÿһ磬һƬܱγɵģ㣬ӷʹӵе֪ˡ
ɼȻһ綼ѾγˣƬ磬صĵطû˿ֱҵƬĴڵ㣬ôҵĻÿһ綼ǰȫģĴڣ׾ͿԻκһ硣
˵ĵףȻѾγ磬ǻȻǸںΪһġǰľڤ˵ɣɶײ֮£һľĻ硣Ȳ˵ûеʿƻУҲĵᣬֱеĻУ򣬳ҷ棬ͻֹ̹ǻҪԡ
ȻѾȻѾ֪˵ڣҲ˵Ѿҵ˵Ļλá
ŶѾҵ˵ڣǻʲôֱȥѵ˲ͳˡ
ѾȥˡȽرҲ֪ôģǰʴʱҲƬĻ磬ȻΪ㣬Ҳ˵磬ӵĿǰֻҵһڣһǻҪͨһȥѰңΪŹеģֻҪ߶һʹĵһǵڶڵأͻֳ
Ѿҵ˵һǾҪǼһĻȵڶֵһ˲䣬ֱӹȥһϣͬʱݻٵ
ص˵ͷȻôɵķԼҲͲҪȥʿӲˣ
Ǿ͵ȵȰɡ
ͬʱӢ׶صϿգӷһѾ˹緽棬кܶصģϾû֪һʲô⣬ǱҲڵһ¼չ߷ء
ǣ˵Ǿʯ󣬾ǵˣ
ӣҲܰٷ֮ٿ϶ĿǵĻҵĲ²ҲͰ˾ŲʮˡǾʯڵʱʹڵģǾͱضǵڡֻҪϹȥļһﵽʯʲôܿ϶ǵˡ
ӷͷ˶ˣᱻһ﷢ġҿɣҸ˹ȥˣȫ׶صţûκ£ǧҪһ״˵֮ǰĵ𣬻ɽ飬ɱ
ǣӡ
䣬ӷ裬׶صһȥ
ƬƽԭϣԵʮվƽԭգҲ˷ǳӢһξ㣬ÿ죬дοۿ漣֮һʯ
һγƽԭʻţʵЩʲô
Щħ޲࣬ȴûģ˹ʻġ
ˣ
ţӦöοͣ١
̫࣬ỵµġ
һ˶ˣҲءһȺУҲģϾڻûзǵĵӲ֪ǵĿġ
ǾͻȺ
һ˻Ⱥһ㣬ȴûмңֻҪҽеϢغãǿҲֻҵͨ˿ģȽϰȫ
ǺãȷֿڰУһ춯ֳ
ƽԭϣеγȫͣʯԶĵطһϵοͣȫŵγʯȥ
ӷҲأο͵Уû֪ӷ絽һģӷҲκ˵Ⱥ֮У˫һֱ˾ʯǱߡ
ӷҲǵһο⴫˵еľʯϵ漣֮һû֪ʲôʱʲôľʯ󣬸ܶˣǿҵظС
Խʯ󣬳ӷԽеΣǰǿƣʯΧȫƣͨûκεӰ졣
ӰóӷˣȳӷȺȵʯ󣬶ھʯǱߣйѾкܶοˡ
ǣԸͬԣڽžʯһУȻǵĿǰλãԾʯ΢˽⡣
ʯԵ֮⣬ǳ״ͷ·һ̳㣬ȴһƻ˵ļ̳һ޴ʯͷѻеĳнǶȥۿʯ󻹴һɫʡ
ʱ򣬳ӷоԼĶͷԼһĴʹ񷶦ʱԶ
ӷ֮£̿Ų񷶦񷶦һͷųضᱻһ﷢ֵġ
ڣ񷶦ʱסˣʱ򣬳ӷԺУͻȻһ棬⻭ǡ


1847 Խʼ
񷶦ͻȻ䣬ʹĳӷ֮ڣͷֲĴʹڣӷ缰ʱ񷶦סˣѹ񷶦ʱ򱬷Ǳضᱻ֣ʱ˿ɾͶˣʯΧ˵ƽԭϵˣȫ
䱻ѹڳӷԺУȴһĻ޷Ļ棬⻭Уһڵգոصľǳвƣھ׵磬ƣ׵绹Ƕʱۼģ·òɢġ
ڴϣһȺˣҲΨһһȺȺԼǧٸңЩȺȫۼһ𣬴ͷģһ׷ԲԵߣ󣬸ҲŲͬķװЩۼĵطǾʯǰоʯڵλãڵλýȻͬǲƽԭϣһ޴ɽۣ֮޴ɽϣҲǧˡ
ȺߵĴ£ȫۼھʯǰ漴ߵһӣֻʯ󣬶ɢ⣬ھʯλãǿ鳤εľʯУ·һ߻֮䣬ȫ˳γɵĵΧһľһ
е׵磬ҲʱȫʯأͬһУϣѷ죬ѷУɫ⡣
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޴ǿҵıըʯΧĴأȫը죬ֻ԰֮ڣʣµģֻоʯˣըĵطȫݣҲ˵˾ʯڵɽ֮⣬أ½׵ľ룬棬ɫĹâۼγһ麣ĶʹĳӷǴһɣԼԺֵһĻɫĶһ޴Ļ
棬ûоʹ˽ӷֿɽۣ֮ʯǰߣվ±ߣ˫ִһӡһѪߵǻƳѪӷѪȫһġ
ҳѪ
ӷоԺֵĻ棬е߾ȻӵԼҵѪѵߣԼҵ˲ɣڵĵطžʯѵеĵطǵ磿ǵ磬Ϊʲôȥڵĵȫ֮ͬľ룬Ҳһ
ѵǡԶʱڵĵ磿
ûԶʱڣԶʱڸңԶӦǣԼҸոʱߣǴңӾڤ档
УķӡٴδƬȫգҽеƣͣĳ϶ȥҲΪˣ˾룬ҵԱҲʱ򣬴һķӡɫĹâΧɢȥеĹâ䵽ɽУγ˲ͬĻľеĹâ䵽˺Уγ˲ͬĺеĹâڲͬĵطҳһ͹ƽĿӣγ˲ͬɽеĹâһ𣬾Ȼһ漣һӤ粻ͬĵطˣһЩâΪһʹ磬ֲͬ䣬ȣůǰڽţֳĸͬļڡ
沢ûоʹֹͣеĻ磬Ϊ룬һ룬˾ʯڣһ룬ͳһطӿȥҲ֪ӿʲôλֹͣ£¡һһĻ磬ֱӹ˴֮С
ֹͣٶȷǳ죬ǽһӰƵģӷȴʮ
ϳ˾ʯ֮⣬ʲôûеģԼҵĵǲ˴ͬʱһЩȫճ֮˵״ͶɵģҲˡ
˵࣬Ůͣأ̹٣ԭ߸һϵûУһеһУȫɳġ
ǰʣԲ񷶦䣬磬ɲÿһ綼ģÿһ綼ӵģ򣬾һȫû磬Ҳ˵һƬ磬֮н죬ȫǳͳģ
ǣ粻䣬һĳΣȫɻģ󣬾ȻĻ磬Ϊ飬ӷǿе֪һĻ磬һڣһ类ƻᣬҲ군ˣȻĲͬϾĲͳģԭʹڵĵһ磬ǻ⵽ƻᣬֻҪȫƻᣬͲ᳹ױ𣬾ǻȫûˣڤҲֻʧȥԭ绹ǴڵģҲ˵̫Ӷ˾ڤ磬ӶȴֻǾڤʵ壬ûеõڤ꣬Ϊڵʿһʣµһ类ӷã̫ûҵһƬʺϾڤĻ磬ͲȫӶڤ磬Ϊã
ӷ㲻ףΪʲôԼԺУĻ棬ȻԼԵ粨Խʱգص˵ʱܿһĻԼԵ粨ΪʲôᴩԽʱأѵ񷶦йأ񷶦ΪʲôԼһĻֻ᲻ԼҪйأ
ԣ
ʱӷȻ䷢֣ʯ󣬷·ɢһ΢ĹâֹâΪģӷ֪âǴӾʯڲġԼĲ񷶦ҲǸо΢ĹâŻᷢǾ˵ԼԺֵĻ棬񷶦ûϵģΪʯĹϵʯԼԵ粨ԽʱգصڣһĻ񷶦ҲһָԵðˣ
ѵʯһʱ̳ĳضĻ£ʹˣ˵ľ񣬴Խȥδ


1848 ʯ
񷶦ǿӷڶ̶֮ڳΪһǿߣȴ߱Խ˵ǾϵĴԽˡ
ӷԺֳĻ棬һʯйأ񷶦ֻǸӦ˾ʯӷľȫˡ
һ̳һɵʱ̳ͬʱʯҲǵڣֻ浱꽫ָ飬ǳõ׼ɣ²⵽δĵ˻⣬ԲŽֳһǸ޷ҡģ
Ȼ֪ͷΪǳӷҲû֮ǰǰĵˡھʯǵ˵ӦҲоĲȻܸо㣬Ϊʲôʲôﵽڴʲôע⡣
һ£Ǳ˿Ͼһģѵ
Ծʯҵڣһ
ļһѹֵڶԶԾʯƻΪûжֽʯΧɱ⣬ӦڵȣȵӦһʱʱôɻʱ֣ôʱӦΪġ
ʱ򣬾ΧοͶԾʯ⣬ڵνʱͻȻе⣬
ͬʱֻԲҵ̫Ե΢һŰ޷ǣ̫ķλȥ
ȵʱ򣬳ӷ粢û̫ȥ⣬һǵƶҲû̫ϡ̫Χüͬʱƶóӷһֲõĸо
ǣʲô
òһģûдȺ֮Уһֱվھʯмλãǿ鳤εľʯԱߡ
ӷҲʱĳԽǿԽоʯɢһֳȵϢǳȵϢǴӾʯмǿ鳤εľʯɢġ
໥һۣʯУǺۣΪѾڵϢǳӷͶסǣҲ֪
ǱѾʼˣҲ׼һ°ɡ
ʲô׼ģһС¶ѣǳҵΪΪǾû취ֻҪǻڸס粻˿ĹâǾͿԽƳνֻͬҪƳͻᷢͬǾܵһʱӦĴڡ
һĶԻ˳ӷУӷǵľ벢ǺԶԶˣǻǻɣΧҲοֻͣҪȥͲж֡
ļһԭʯҪڸסеܷӳġ
УöǣѾ̫ӵ濴ȥǿ淽濴ȥںܶʯƶ̫ǰ½ʯƹʯۼһֱӾ͵ס̫λã򣬼һĻʳ澰磬һƬڰС
˵⣬Щۼ̫ǰʯǾԲܵģΪЩʯȻڵĸģ˳ȥǾ͵ȥӣӷֻʯڣֹˡ
ʮӵʱ䣬ʳѾγɣе̫ȫڸסˣ磬һƬڰС
ʯߵοͣȫվԭأգһʱ֮䣬û֪ʲô£ֻĳοʹ󺰵ʳʯ󸽽ˣ˾̾
ʯ󣬱ʹһظУڣֳ˰ѵһʳʣЩο᲻̾
ǻǺܸģĸԵοͻʲôˣϾ⸽Ⱥ٣ڰ໥ײʲô·ǾͽοȻسȥóֻ·ʳٳۿʯ
οģҲвģܶˣҲΧˣӷȴվԭأһҲû͸һвҲҶȶ
ʱˣϽƳɡ
һĻһĴ˳ӷĶУӷҪȥֹǣȻѾҪˣǳӷͱǹһȥֹǡ
ȴ벻ǡ
ʯмǿ鳤ξʯȻԶ䣬ɫĵǾʯϳ֣ɫĵȫΧľʯȥЩɢһܾը׵磬໥ֻ֮ҪͻΧɻԵƻ
̵ĵеĵȫ֯һھʯϷγһԲΣԲУһͬĵͼ
ͲǶ֣ʧȥһйߺ󣬻Զġ
ڷʲôˣֻҪȴŽ顣
ӷͱȽϼˣĳ֣ЩͨһĵģЩҲЩͨ˴˺
ҿ쿴ʲô
ʯ󣬳˺ö
ô
ȥɣҲҵʯ֮ա
еοͣϳģûϳģΪʯĹϵȫܹҲΪĹϵǿ·
ӷ󺰵ȫȥᱬըġ
¡¡
˷ȥӷ纰Ѿ̫ˣĵΧ˾޴ıըʹľʯΧƽԭϣһĴӣеοͣΣеĳȫЩˣ·Ƭƽԭʧȥ


1849 ĵһ
ΪĹϵʯΧȫ˴ըֱը˵ԻеһУɵɢȥ󣬾ʯȴ˿µûһ㶯
ӷʱٵˣղŵһһѾʲô㽫ϢȫֻͨˣͲ֪ղŻᷢը
ʳûнҲ˵ھʯİûнȫӳ֮ǰǼǲʳʧġ
ڵһƬڵ磬֣ԼָͷΧȻѾɢȥǹɱըĽζȴһŻĳ嶯û֮£ΪڵĹϵӷ翴ڵλãͬʱҲ֪ӷڵλá
ʱ˫˭ȳ˭ȽչֳȥӦԷڵĻǾͻöԷ֪ԼλãԼ·硣
ս⽫һڰеİսǿһ̣ǶΪǶ֪ԼԵģԲһͨˣҲԲǳһԱɾǳһļ̳ˣǸɱ˽δ̫ӣɱͼʿӷ硣
ͬģȻҶӷȻҲҶһ¡˫ľ룬ʵͲǺԶȫھʯ֮ڣ֮£Զߣǰ
ӷ罫ԼϢȫסַһ취ûС
ʯĵѾֵֹֹͣͣĹâͿóӷ˫ԷڵλãԿ϶һǣʯĵͣһᣬӵͣٵģȻղǾ޴ıըҲûκˡ
Ȼ˫ԸöԷ֪ԼڵλãôΨһģǵȴȴʯڶεĵ֡
ʱ䣬˫ĵȴһһȥ˴ԼСʱ֮󣬾ʯһ㷴ӦҲûУʱе㰴಻סˣҪʱУ˹ģɵˡ
ӷоǵϲʱ
һǲǲ֪ڵλҵˣǲ붯ˡ
ղŷʲô£ͻȻʳִôǿҵıըӷӰûп
ӷ磬׾õҲо
λħŮȻѾΪ˳ҵһԱɺܶˣҲ˵Ǵˣϰ߳Ϊ裬ǳΪ׾ãǶǳŮġ
ȲҪȻڹӸŮûҲûǾ֤˫ڵȴ
ʵȵǿ֮䣬һо;ʤʳδ綼һƬΧ޷о˸ӷǵ˵ǵ˻ӷ磬ǰ׾ãڵһᣬһԽԷһĻᡣ
ǲǸʲô
ʲôȣܵȣѵǾͲܵãһȳסĻǾͿԸӷ磬׾һ֣ٴɱ
˵룬˵ĸģܴ۽ָʵ
ɵûһصģͬʱһƬУٳ˼⣬ǼǴϿģҲ˵ǴӴ֮ġ
ļһڵ֮ҲˣӣⳡսһչǾͽܱһԵս߸Ҳ͵߸ͼϵ֮⣬ǵĴһִģĽ
ȻҪӵϴ⣬ǾǵǵĴӦò׽ɡ
һʱ֮䣬һһ㶯ûС
ȻҲʱңԶǱߣͻȻһ⣬һڹ⣬һƭոӺڵĺڹ⣬ڹʾĺڹ⣬ѾԽԭĺɫ
ǿУֱӵŴأգ·ڶʱ䣬Ϊһ塣

һЦһȿҲɭĴЦɭЦƴţ˾ͺǲˬ˵ļһôֻˣ
ʲôֻˣϵ˼ͣǴѾˣֻ˹
˵˭
ɭЦģ˳֮⣬ʶУ¾ֻһˡ
ѵǡ
ǿЦɭЦһ˷ģȻЦһˣˣӦôֲͬݡ
˭Ϊʲôӵ˾춯ص
ľء
ľأձСӣľأӵ˴ھĵʱΪĹϵΪֱӵ϶쾳磬Ҳӵôǡ۷徳硣
ľءӦǡ޵С
ԣӦǺӾްҹ
ݣˣݣɲĸݣͬһˡ
ǻƼΪʲôѹģ˵Զѹġ
ѽӷðľ޸С壬Ϊ˵̫̫أǱʥʿˣѾһˣ֮ǰֻǽľصСѣڣôѹأѹˡ
һȺ޳ܵļһһ쵰Ƚٸˡ
ľѾ˻ƴţߣһչֳǿޱȣ·һµأΨ޵еĸо
ȲľôѹģһĸսĹˣȫΪԾ
ߺˣ
شʵֻҪɫûʲô⡣
ľشЦǡĵʦµһ죬޵Ҳ
ģ޵С޵С
ԭ㣬㻹ûѽ
ôĻͲǳ޵ˡ
Ź޵дֻ㣬ǰľĵһ𣿡
Ǿڤĳ޵УǺĺӾްҹߵľأһˡ
޵УʱܹΪʲô𣿱㣬ϾҵˣֻҪһ֣磬ͽ̼䱻𡣡
ߴ磬ӷӦǻûʹء
ļһתΣѾǰĵһˣѵΪƾڵҵȶԿ𣿡
ǾͲһ԰ɡ
ľȫȻһͻȻؼһϢȫľ֮塣
ľش󺰵ѡ
ѣѵģɲڵ棬ǡ
شΪԾ˵ԭһҽСӡڣҪСڵֹ򣬳һӷ֮⣬ңֽһǿĶ֡
ߣͽˣϾҪˣһ֣ǷΪһֹӷ磬һ
ãǾͷͷ¡޵УǰҵȰ˴һսȴʱ䣬죬лˡñʶһ£ʦмＸɡ

⣬һĲгһɼĳɳλòȥ
ƴţˣȫµ棬ǲˬĻƴţĻ쵰ǰһߵģ
ȱȥǿ쿴ʯѾʼˡ
¡¡
ͬľ죬ʹƽԭϣѺۣƬƽԭĵϣȫˡ
ʯתһԲתǿҵĵҲʱȫͷ˳
ĹâӷӷͬʱһˣǷ˶Էֻϧͬһʱ䷢ֵġ
ڡ
ɱ
飬飬顣
ھʯ棬ϣ³˳ʮʱںϽС档
ҶԸһԸһ
ûаգ
Ӧûʲô⡣
Ǿɡʿ

޴ɫ˳ӷ米ȫļ⣬ʼͿ壬ıǰ߳һͷ˲١
ʿʶһ£ʲôǧ
ǧ
á裬˺һ˶ս
У̫Σˡ
ڹܲôˡ
ֱӾͱ𵹣ͬʱľѾ˾ʯ֮ϣʳҲʱ򽥽ʧգָԭʣֻʵ֮£һսĴս
ӷ磬ּˡ
쵰Զ㡣
Сӣǧ˵ӵĻܻн𡣡
Ҫлˣл⼸Ľ
ÿӵʹ
ƨ߸ܶԸ
˵ʵϴھİС۷壬֮ǰʥˣǹͻȻĳ֣ҽСһѲˡ
ڲ˵ϻҲǳ޵УǺӾްҹľأҪģһ仰
仰ѸѽͿɡӵİҹأ
㡣
ӷ罫ҹľأľشЦһҹʱǿ
ҳһ

ﳤʮãг
޵кηԸ
ۼǻƽʯȫڡ
ǣ档
Сꡣ
ǰкηԸ
ǰǰģӵͿɱСˡѾӵ˳ѪɳԶɽδƿȭھʹңƿȭӷһʩչŲѪ̫౶ѪԻһ
ƿȭʲôЦľƿȭ
쵰ţ㣥
ﳤգƿȭӡ˭ڣ
ѽǴӡƿȭģ㣬ӷ֪ˡ
ʮڡ
ܺãȭӡҳһڣΪģһ졣С꣬׼ûУϽѪھͽƿȭתƵȥ
ͲҪѧľҲҪֱ̣תƾͺˣҲضҪһĴۡ
쵰㣬裬бӡƿȭ֮ˣǸΣյġ
ӵ·ƴȻΪΪʲôѡӡٷϻھͿʼɣҲΨһϣˡƿȭתơƣƣơ
ľǷǰգķһӦ˵ǺüǸĴڣһӸ⣬Ϊ˵ĳʦѽѵû˿ѡֻѡ޵вɡ
ߴѾȫۼһ𣬾ʯҲѾֹͣת
һǿӰĵӾʯϷֱӳϱ˹ȥ
ѾӦˡĵطڵء
ɺӷ磬Ϸǡ
ϷǣҲ̫Զ˵룡
ӷ磬Ϳ㵽жˣܷ硣
ܣվס
ȫ׷ȥŹùã֪ͨүү˵Ϸǲص㣬ͳͳϷǣһҪֹǡ
ľشһӣ޴ĺڹ⣬ֱӽظסˡ
㣬ͱˣһս

أȻĵһҪ㣬͸ɣǱߵ飬ˡ
ţߣﱾϺ󡣡
ӷ磬СӻŸ׷ȥСӸС
ԼСһ㣬ǧӲӲ
ǰһսûμӣ񣬾Щļһ֪ʲôǾڤ磬һ󽫡


1850 
һ֮սľظ裬ò˵һʵʵǵһ˿־ĵز
رͼȻ£ͬ⡣
ͼǱҪޣܽӵ£ɹزͬΪȻɣ壬ΧһУ˵ڣȲ˳ӷĵԽɵԼһɵȻͻٵġ
ľСڵѾȫ⣬Ҳ֮ǰ۽ľСĹϵǰĵһˡ
ӵʮ磬ʮںڣǵǧȣʵǲֵһġ
С꣬׹ӵĹ
ǣǰ
ʱľѾǰǸľˣҲǺӾްҹˣĳ޵С
һ硭ںϣ
벻ľأȻӵһ磬Ҳ˵ڤ磬ĳѾ֪ںķֶΣѹΪʲô۴Ӹһʼ޵еĴˣΪڳʦʱڣѾַ֪ȻҲΪʦǴ̽öİɣҲǰĳ޵УʦĵӣѧҲӵںֶΡ
û뵽ȻҲں磬һӵһ硣ѹֳʦתǰͽСڵȫӡΪģ֪°ɣ
ڲ˵ϻɣӿĵһ֮䣬١
ӵŰΣӵǧ磬ͲܻǱĶ֡
ӵж磬ս֮󣬲֪С棬ɣĴţںϸɡ
ͻأľصȫһЩǱѹ˰㣬ȫľϴڡ
ļһ硣
֮䣬ľټǿһҲ˵磬ֶһ
ʱ򲻸ٹ⣬ӲȥСǰλľĵһҲ˵İɣοԱ߻һ裬ڶδ֣ڵȴһᣬһľأһɱĻᡣ
Ȼľصǿʱ򣬾ʯٷ˱仯
мǿ鳤εľʯݣͬʱΧĵ£ʮ˸޴ʯʮ˸޴ʯԭǲڵģǴӵͻȻġ
ʯΧľʯҲѾֹͣתȴԵǿ
ã
ľشһû֪ᷢʲô£ľ˵ʮ˸ʯ
ʮ˸ӵʯ
شЦھͿǿ죬Ǳˡɣ
ľغСֹ꣬ʮ˸ʯѹȥֻҪѹһӷǱߣͻ¡
£ʲô£û֪
Ѿһʯϣǧ֮һʯѹʯѹ
¡¡
һ̣ľߣһͷıըʮ˸ʯͬʮ˸߰㣬磬ʮ˸طᷢըʮ˴ըȫ֮Ҳ׻
Ȼʯߵʮ˸ʯҪϷǱߵİڸղţؽһʯѹͬʱϷǵһԭʼɭУһǽĹϽҲͬʱ룬ߵ룬̫ƽĳ˱ըըˣ˷ӿȥʱ֮䣬ֱӻ˺üǿľ˻ûоʹֹͣ˷ȥ֮Щ׻ɽҲűԴԴϵĺ׻ɽҲþûа̵ͣЪ
νĺⲻ֣Ҳ˻ǵ𣬾ͽ磬Եƻ
У⣬ȫӷķȥ
ѾϷǵĳӷ磬ûļֹΪӷͲ֪ߵЧһĵһߵĵߵȼͽȼյһߣ߶ȼ󣬾ͽղıը
ϷǵԭʼɭУͬʮǽĹϽңʮδȫֵ֣ģҲһѡ
ļһ
ӷ磬һ֣ôֹ
쵰ڽ
ӷ糯һŭ
ǣӡ
ȫΪʮ߷ԭʼɭУҵʮĽ⣬ȥ̫ƽǱߵĺ˸ֹͣ
ǣӡ
ľǱߵӷǿӦģҲѾ֪ʯʮ˸ʯϷĵߡ


1851 ɵ
ӷ񼸴ȫϷһƬԭʼɭ֮ϣҶǳܼͷ·һƬðɫƽԭ㣬Ҳ൱֮һۿȥͿͷ͸˵ҶµĶˡ
ĽǷǳͻģͷֵϰףռݵҲǳ󣬿Ľȴԭʼɭ֮
ǿҵĵѾγһͨĵӣֱʣϷߣͿԿʯǱߵҲһӣӷڵԭʼɭ߳˹ԭʼɭڣһͣĳȥ
¡¡
һ޴ıըĳѾǵڶεıըˣѾıըǱߵľԮ֪ܷ񣬿ΪҪģǳӷľߣ޷ֹס򼸸Ļʮ˸ʯʮȫˣǾ͵ŶϿ磬ը
УҪֹ
ӷԲܿŵըķҪֹıըͱߵĵ޷ӣҪľǱֹסأҪǳӷߣֹסӡ
ҵˣ
һĴЦӷȻתֱֻͬλãǵ˫֣ȫӡֻԭʼɭʮͬĵطһ⡣
磡Ȼн硣
ΪĹϵʹʮûֳ
ڣƽ磬ҲһǳĽ磬ӦʱţѺۣŻֳϵǷֵġ
ҳҽ磬ŶûС
ӷһ˫ɫһӣͬʱʩչӷ磬ǰӷ磬ͬʱ֡
Էֹҵȣӷ磬ʿҲûɡ
Ȼģӷûķ𲻵κã̼䣬ȫˣ
ҳ

Ѫ⣬ʱסƬԭʼɭ֡
ãСӶôʼֻˡ˶Ըһƽ磬ֻҪһƣǱߵĵһֱӶ˵
ã졣
Ҫһ㵱ӷɵ𣬾ʿŲ񷶦Ҫһ֮ԸҲ൱ģûбʤİա
˿̣ӷѾһƣƻǶԸ⼸ģҪֹߵӵġ
ħҳְɣȫҵס
еجΣͳͳӵгųǧСΪԸ
ͬʱӷҲӳǿϢʿţһñԭʼɭֵĵ˳ⳡս
ʯǱߣѾݺȻľظ裬ûļȥֹľֻһȥҪǹظɱûԴΪأֹߵ
Ļ쵰ڲҪ򣡡
ӷ̾˿ò˵ľǰ涼Ǹӷԣȴϵİӷ磬ĥӷ磬ɵؼʱ̣ûеãæˡ
Ҫ㲻򣬲Ҫƫģ治֪ʦôѡûӵļһˡ
飬飬顭
ǿĵѾ˹Σһˣֻߵʮȫӷ߳˹
ӣʯǱѾʧˣ
ӷͷմ󺰵ľأ裬ʯزסǸʲôϸҹ
ٴʯľشһ鷳ˣֻɱȴһ˱ˡ
޵УһжѾ̫ˣڣʽϿ
һ˱˻ǰǰɡַӴսٻغϡ
ԲУɲɵڲǸӲƴʱ򣬷ҲҪҵˡ
ѽҪӲǻҪҵǶһ١
ǰղűŭˣԭ顣
ܲôˣѾûϷˣϸȥӷ磬ӷǱһܳ⡣
⣬Ѿ̫ˡ
أһУ󣬷·Ҫأȫÿط˵𣬻ɽˮˣɽѣһе֣ȫͬһʱ䷢
磬Ҳûаҹ֮ˣҲûʱ֮ˣͳһͳһȴǻǰס
ˣǳӷ磬ļȫУѾûȥֹˣѾһһըĳ֣磬򣬽ʧ浱С
ӷ磬ڸô죿
ɼް취ľǣҲѾ˹
ĺ£ҪֹأҪȥ򡣡
Ҳѽ˭֪Ǽһٶô죬գ֮䣬ͽ㶨ˡ
ǵķ죬߻޼ƶҪǿ
Ӹȡ
ڵǣԵļѵͲ𡣡
ӷ磬ڲ˵Щʱ򣬻ǿ취ֹɡ
ֹϾҪˣģ׼뿪򡣡
ʲô뿪򣿡
һҲ취
Źùãа취
ӷ磬ܽЩȫĻǾΨһϣ

ӷЦһʵղž뷨ˣֻ뷨̫ʵ
ǲܵģȴԽЩȫɵ
ɵ
ӷҪЩҪ֪ɲͨĵǵɢĵ͵ǻǿǿ֪ģľصڣȥЩֺ


1852 񷶷
ӷֱ壬еĵȫ赲Ϊʿ壬ǿҲܸӷвԴԴϣɱӷ磬ӷҲһ쿪ĳǽ㣬ԴԴϵĵȫ赲¡
ӷ磬ÿһԻγɵģҲ޵ģľ֮磬ͬ
˵ûÿ磬ԻΪγɵģԴԴϣһܵ谭ϵͽĿήֱлͺñǻ뿪ˮĵһġ
ڣӷ罫еĵȫ赲͵ǽ赲ʹĵ𽥵ʧȥǵϵһУֲﻹǶ࣬𲽵ʧȥ
ľغСӣⷽûõģȻֹըȴȫϿˣʧȥһĵ򣬸ֱӱըʲô𡣡
ӷͷʹľأѾڻ˵ĻղŲӲؽоȥֹ
ұ죬²㣬ļһһҲûС
ѽûĵģӷôľǿߣͳһ۷֣Ȼ˵ġ
ﲻæ͸ҹһȥϻ
ѾǺܷˣķˣҲһһˣɽ죬飬ӷһ۶ûС
˵û㣬ϿӰ쵽ܽתƵططȥҲϿǽ£ˡ
ѽӷղĻÿһ£ֻһֲֺܶͬĽôḶ́óôĽӷôû뵽ء
תƣתƵطȥǲ˵͸ĵĻһɵҲǾڤѽĵԭʹڵһ磬ȴǲ񷶦磬ӷڽǻתƵطȥ᲻Ӱأ
ľؼӷ绹ԥʼ
Сӣ㻹ʲôˣ磬ǲ񷶦ͳģֻҪǲ񷶦ͳһУն񷶦ӵġ
ʲô˼˵ҽתƽ񷶦ҲκӰ죿
СӣǴһʱӷͿ˵ϻϽתƽĲ񷶦ֻв񷲻𣬻Ͳͬʱͨ񷶦ʹĻϿ
Ѿģô˵
ӡһ£СӼʲôӻû˵أ
ĻľطϻȥӷڵȲˣҲȲˣأѾڿʼήҲѾʧȥΧеĻľѾһ֣ٲ֣תƽ񷶦ڣӷҪͼ赲õ򳹵ʧȥҪͷſϣըֱӻ
ľڿɱȳӷҪԼû˵꣬ӷͶˣ񷶦ʵ壬ҲѾ˳ӷͷ
СӺＱʲôҸ㣬𲻵κãΣյġ
Ա˵ǰʲôΣգ
˵ġ
ģӷʿ塭
ΪʿŻ˵ġڿǽеĵȫ赲Ҳ˵Ҫͨ壬תƽ񷶦룬һʿһǲ񷶦˫ޱǿĴڣǿھۼһ˭ݵ˭
·뵽ʲôƵģʵǰ˼˵ֻò񷶦ȥջûģͨʿ彫Ӳתƽ񷶦ã
νһɽݶʿ񷶦һһĴڣ˭ݵ˭͵ͬĽһҪľפһľӪУãһͬ𣿡
ǻʲô
ǣìܡ
ììܡйһʣ֮ì֮ܣʲôžĺӶ֪
ìܾ٣
˵ĸ֣Աɵˣȫסˡ
ìܾ٣
ɣ¡
ڶߴ˿ҲһҶǵĿģҪȴϣܱ
ֹ
ֹ
ĿģڷҪȥֹӷ磬ǸЦˣһжǸģԼȴȥֹʲô̬ѽ
ʲôֹ
û
ʵǡ
ڻʲôʵѵǶ𣡡
ˣ
ߴ˵ʵƬ棬򣬶û˶ǣڣԼȴ˵Ļʵ˿ʼһֲηѽ
ӷСӸͲֻأҲʿڸҸ㡣ΪŲ֮Ϊֻ֮ǿ󣬾𡣵Ļȷǿתƽֻڵģȴͨʿȥתƣֻزܣᵱһƣʱʼֻظʿʧȥƣ˫֮䣬ġ

񷶦ʿЦɿˣڳӷġӦ˵ǳӷԼһǳӷ壬һǳӷ࣬࣬ôѽ
ʵô
ôһʿ޷Ƶ£ǰòɼϴʼֻأߴͲһˣһռӰ죬Ǽ棬磬ȻǵһҪɱġ
ôذɣ
¾ءϻϽĻ磬ֹͣ
ֹͣ㿪Цɣģǿǣȴ޷ȥֹͣ
û취ˣѾˡ
ô죿
ľط߸쵰е˵֪˰ɣ
޵Уڲ˵²µ飬Ҳǵвеʱ򡣴ʼֻظʿϾҪʧȥˣһղҲѾ˵ˡ
ô
ֹ֣֣
ڿʲôЦ㻹浱Щʲôɫˣֹʿֹ񷶦
ѽֹĸһֹˣ
ĸҵʱȫسӷߣûκ֪ڵǸʲô
Զɽһ⣬Ӹ߿н£ʵ﷢ʲô£
үӣ鷳ˡǿĵƣҪڹչսˣ
Զɽüͷһ壬Ѿ֪˸ţ˵Ϸֹǵȣþһа취ӷʧȥǣȻǻ췦
ԶɽװֹĻǰǾҲˡ
ϷȻֹ˵ġ֮ǰʥϷ򻹱һ㡣
ʲôʥ㻹ʥʿʥ
ԶɽǼһߺӷ磬ڻδʧȥǣϽĵ伮үүҪֵʥʿܣֹһеķ


1853 Բ
ӷսת񷶦Ҳǻһ񷶦㣬ͻȻ񷶦һʮֿܵңֿѹ˳ӷϣ³ӷһҲˣ˵⡣
ڲ񷶦ܵͬʱӷ壬Ҳʼ˫޴ɫܵһַ㣬ӿӶٶȣеĵȫɫϣ⵼һ˫ɫ˵ɫҷ֨֨
ľ˵ӷͨʿ壬ĻתƵ񷶦ڣɲ񷶦ͲӦ˵ǣ񷶦Ͳʿתƹȥ˻ȥʿҲǶʧ˺ܴӣҪ㣬ȻҲҪҾ͸ˣ˭Ĺ˭
ԭǳӷ򼸴Ĵսڿɺãܱ˳ӷһսΪЦǣ˲ûнµЦǵģ
ļһȻᷢ飬ʿ񷶦ȻϾˣɶһһĴѽҪӷ籾޷ȥƵġ
ľأ֪ĺѾĸղŲѻ˵Сӣ뺦ǰɡ
ӷڴҲľصʱѽ˻ܿƲ񷶦ʿϽĵ伮ԶɽǱ߻һ۵ϣʥʿĵ伮ʥʿļܷӳԴֹ񷶦ʿսһУҪ군ˡ

ĵ伮ӳӷƳԶɽ̽ĵ伮˹Ҵ򿪼ʥʿռܵһҳ
ļȫľأվһΪȱסԼҲòľˡ
еӳֹ񷶦ʿĶһǶϣǽôµƻǼӦñҸ
⼸ǰʶʿͬʱҲʶ񷶦˵ʿ񷶦Ŀ£Ǳȳӷ籾Ҫ
˿ķϻ߸ȫ˳ľظҲͬʱ˳ԶɽǱߣ֮ǰӻĸڱƳʥ˳
Ҹ
ǣүӡ
ȫϷӳӷ硣
ӷ磬ΨһķԹʹĲ񷶦ʿ޷໥ײܳӷԼа취ֻҪȫʧȥǣʿ񷶦ƣһеĲܣɿܡ
Ͳκһ֣ӷ壬һη˱仯ȫļ⣬ó֣һ˫ɫҲã
ӷǰǸʿֻõɫͬˣǰǺɫһִɫɢҫ۵̹⡣
ˡ
ľȥҲ˵ʿϵ̹⣬Ƶˣȫȥ
ڳӷϷ񷶦ǿҵĽ⣬ڲ񷶦ڣһѪһ⣬øͬʱ˲񷶦֮
øѾܳӷˣȫ񷶦ţңǿĴڣǽĽΪһ塣
Ҷסˡ
ӷǴ󺰳һһ󣬲ΪֲĿʼ

ʿѾʧȥ˿ƣɻĴЦ磬Ϊ֮𺳣еаϢȫӷӿеţ̼䱻֮𣬻Ϊһȫµ֮ȫʧȥƵʿա
ˡ
Զɽĵ伮һգоĵ伮ʥûˣӷѾȫʧȥƣһС
үүˣʵ
֪
ѽ֪Ҳ·ˡ
ľ˵ȲҪʿȻѾʧȥ˿ƣӷѾȫʧȥң˵Ѿʿ̲ˣв񷶦ڡ
㲻˵񷶦Ҳʧȥ𣿡
ǾҪǲ񷶦ǿʿǿˡߣȫǳӷһ֣໥֮䣬һսķʤ󣬵ùĶǳӷСӡ
ǵ׻ô
˵һߣȫȡӷ硣
ⲻ˵ϻ𡣡
ѽľڲ˵ϻ˵ʲôء
ǲ񷶦ȡʿȡӷ磬ӷ籾Զʧ˭ϲģǳʦʣǰ޷Ԥϵһѽ
飬飬顣
У׵磬ȫ˳ӷϣӦ˵ʿˡ
Ľϣγһðޣ꣬꣬ںϽ˲񷶦ڣʱ򣬲񷶦Ҳ˱仯
쿴Ǵʼֻ𣿡
ɵۿŲ񷶦ı仯ǿеĴʼֻأǰѾʶˣҲûı仯ѽ
ѵ˵ģ
˵
ʲô˵
ڴֻصĴ˵ѵǵû𣿡
˵ֻظǻǸ˵
ǻһ

ûͨռ䣬õ˴ʼֻغ󣬾ʼֻȻ޾ǿԴһеĶԭӦһһ仯ɵģھģʺ˼û˵Ҳöʡ񿴴ʼֻصı仯ףʵ˼ʲôˡ
˵Щˣǿ쿴ʼֻأˡ
ѵǲ䣿
ⲻǲ䣬ΪνĲű䣬ÿһ䣬ڲģͲı䴴ʼֻصۡڣǴʼֻص۷˱仯
񷶦ˣ֮Уһӵͷ۵ĹңȫɹͭγɣͷȫֻͬУŲͬɫĹâ·ϣʲôƵġ
޴ǹĶ޴ޱȣ·ʿҪ޴һŲͿʹسһ޴Ŀӡ

ʿЦڣǱ仯Ĳ񷶦Ҳ˴Ц
ʿɻĴЦ񷶦ģһ͵ĴЦһЦ𣬶ЦѣЦɽˣ˭иѹȥ
ڵõȫĽˣؼˡΨԣ


1854 ɱ
񷶦ĹޱȾ޴ͷۣɷ˵ĻûκһĶļڣԵȴÿһ˶ľսģȻʿ
˹ֻϣʱ֮䣬仯ΪǽǵÿһɢԻأûзκεĽֻһͷ϶£ԶԶĿʿ
Զɽ˺ˣڻ֮£Բ񷶦ΪʲôӣǸʲôû֪û֪ʿ֮˭ǿ󣬿¹Ӧǿһ㣬ʿڣؼаңΧһĿննҲͨ棬а
֮䣬һڱһǵ׽Ķôֲû˻֪
ܡ
ߴеһһֻһ֣ûǺģ˵ġ
룬ߴǺεȵĽɫʱΨһģֻܣжܶ죬ҲָӻȥһҪ磬Ϊ磬̫Σˡ
ʲôܣҪܣ
غǲΪʲôҪܣǹʿٴҲҪԼߴܰɣ֪ԼЩǳ֮⣬ΪǿĴڣһܣǽôĺ˭
ڲܣǾûˡ
Ͳţһһʿܰѱôţ
аĹأ·ûʿһǹ˹ȥٶ֮죬˵Ǿס
ɸͲȹؿվʿʱͻأص壬ȫһǿޱȵѹסˣ漴ʿɻЦ
ãʧȥƵʿͻȻͲ֡
ȥ
ˣȥͬڣȫʿѹס֮ǰʿӿ¡
ѽǰʿӿ£ˣʿǽ˵ģΪ񷶦Ĺϵģڣȴָ񷶦ˣ治֪ᷢʲô¡
ɱ
ʿ˵һ֣һǳ򵥣ȴֻһָ֣˵ڣؾ͸оԼһʹ̼һ㣬ȫʹʱᱬը
ļһ
ɱɱɱ
һɱ˵ڣʿѾ˹ǰһֻ֣һֻɫֱ֣Ӿס˹صĲӣش˿̾ǱŵƣҪȴΪ

һ˵ڣ֮䣬ֻһصһ˫۾˷ۣһᣬĲӡˣ
ţ
˶ˣһΪ۷徳磬ӵǧڣȻʿɱˣ
ǲ̫˵㣬˵ǲǳ߽򿴵̫ǿˡ
ǿǾԵʵֻʿЩνҪǿ
ӷѾȫʧ·Ѿˣʿӷ磬ȫͬĴڣӷҲӵɱأǰٷ֮ٱʿɱˡ
ʿɫһͣؾһʯ㣬׹ȥ
顭
޴֤˹ص˵ϣڵϣҳһ޴Ŀӡ
һĻ໥ֻǿһۣǵΪǲµģڣۼһʵԼµﱻʿɱˣʿɱһǾɱˡ
ʲôѵĸһ³𡣡
ѽû취ˣҪ磬ǲˣҪңҲǲܵģ£ҲҪȥˣһʿȫ쵽
ʿûȥ׷ɱⲢǹʲô
֣ͬʱϣһסһȵʱǱеһ¶ûУųҸĵĿȥֻһ޴Ĳҽˣ׹䣬ȫһͭɫ˻ڿٵеһͭǹһ㣬ͭ˹ȥ
ȫֹͣԶɽǱߵˣһĻǱȻ˹ȥžһں˹ĳλգۼ䣬ǹΪһ塣
ʲô𣿾
߸ʿɱһڣֱǹɱһǹֶҲ˷˼ģȻԽһͭԼһ
˭Ҳ֪ʱڹڣѾˣҲ˵ãȫ˹ڣǱȥǸںΪһ壬ֱӱ˵ڵ֮Уʼ
ôôᷢ飡ǿɶ֮һһĴѽôᱻֱɱ
ò˵ЩνȫܵصĴҲһĴ
ļһˣƴˡ
Ҫ

ʿֶˣ֮䣬ͻȻֵһǳȥͷ­ӲĿ
Ѿɱˣʣĸѵл·


1855 ô
ɱӵжôǿŰĵѽƾԶ֣Ҳδܽɱɲ񷶦Ĺʿȴ쵽ˡ
νɱ˼Ѿȷˣһ֮䣬գ֮䣬ֵһ˲䣬˸ɱνɱͲ˿ˮݡ
ľǰľĵһû뵽ᷢ飬ӷ籾ǲ֮ģǲ֮ĵתȻ񷶦ôܻһأǹȻܻǳӷ磬ΪӷѾʿȫռˣ壬飬˵꣬ѾʿռˣܷΪǹġ
ôᷢ飬ǹﵽǸʲô
һʿѾޱǿĴˣͬʱʿĳ֣һţ˵ΪһеаͳʿôаεģûЩаͳһʿ㣬ǰĺڰƻ벻ͨ벻ͨˣĳʦڣҲ벻ͨģ
ܶʱ벻ͨʱ򣬶ûκģΪҪģֹ񷶦ĹʿҪֹߣǾԲܣǳӷԼκˣֹʿ񷶦Ĺǳٳ֣Ҳһֹ֮ʿɡ
ĸҲֻһҪ죬Ǿܣ뾡һа취ܣԲڵˣ֮ǰ³ǵǰ֮ǰ֮ѵʣµĸΪ˵Ըʿ￹
ܡ
ĵ⣬ҪĴ㣬һ£ղŲļֻɱһˣĹڣδһ¡

ʿɻЦǼĹȫʣµĴȥκҲʱ
ৣৣৡ
ֻУ̹Щ̹⣬ȫʿģ
ڣʿѾյ㹻ˣҪȥκҲѾ
ͷۣͬʱ֣ʿǼȫƽͬʱֱӾ͵ʿǰ
󳬼޵еǿߣͲ֪ǿߣˣ֮Ĵսܱ䵽ڣûκһȥֹҲûκһ˿ȥıһС
ľش󺰵ˣȫˣ˳򡣡
С
ƴţǰŭǾ뿪磬군ˡ
뱣סǡ
ľأǸ㲻ͬҲ㵽ʲôݣôʹЩˣϣԼˣԼˣȫڵ磬ԣܷʲô£϶ǿߣǶ˿õģҲҪǵ֮ǰ
ƴţɲǰ׻ģЩνĴǰȥҲܣĽ죬Ѿȫͬˡ
Ҫǵ£֧ĴԿΨһϣ˿ˡԶɽ˵ĶԲԣ
Զɽ˵ͷվڳҵ˵ľ˵ȫԣһҲû
ڣ˳򡣡
үӣǲˣˣȲ˵ԸԼϼҶסʲôĵ˶Կ
ƴţ˵ʲôԶɽҲ˵ʲôڣû˵Ļˡ
ʿ˫ԣһߵǿĲʱ֮䣬ּһУը˷顣

ʿЦɻЦԲȴ𲻵˿á

ͻȻ䣬ڹϣۿʿҪ֮ʿ˵˻ԣȴڵԣڳӷ֪κһԡ

Ҳ˴ЦȻĶʿĻЦ֪ڸ˭˵
ʿȫɫ÷ǿҵ̹⣬еֱָԼ˶ٱһָͲ֪ʲô˵ٲҪ𣬱ƶһ𡣡

ΥĳƺţԭĳƺţҲţɵҲŷӦʵ㵽ʲôȻϵñ𣿶ң㻹˵ͬԣ
֪ļһ񷣬ҲڱǰۿǻĲͷˡ
ۣ
ʿȻԳƱۣⲻǰʦһҵĳƺ𣡶ʿҲǳʦΪǰĳʦĳۣʥʿʿѽ
ǿ֮ʿڱںһ𣬲˵ֵĵҲںһ
ȻҽӲ뱾ڡ
кβܡھڤʱҲһʲôСӣȴǲһЩԳļһȫһһ
ȻԱ˵ǷټҲֻһ˶ѡ㣬ͲʲôʿҲͲƬ档һͬһط˵ģ񣿡
𣬽ɲõɵӣͬʱҲǱ۵õɵӡӡص£ŵռУΪһ𡣼ȻΪӷĹϵػɣô壬Ҫˣڱǰˣʲôͷ
ǳˣ㻹ǸͬһطģǺŵһǿߣôۣ


1856 ܣʿ
ôۣŵһǿߣһǿߣôʿأӷôΪʿأ
ȻһȫͬһطģǸطռΪصĺռ䡣
û֪ռ䵽һôĴڣĿǰλãֻ֪ںռڣһкĴ½ĵطۣǸط
ôۣǳӷǿĵƣҲΪ˳ӷһֽɣ˵ӷԶٳˡ
㻹еʶȻ֪Ǻŵһǿߣ㻹ڼʲô۷ӡڲ񷶦ڣӽΪðɡ
ʿҲôͻشһӡɲҲʱֻͬʱӡ˫ŵΪһһ̹⣬ײһ
¡¡
ǿĳϷǣԭʼɭ֮ϣȫ˷ȥ
Զɽ󺰵½磬ֵǿ
Ϊô˵ĻûκһĶԶɽˣҲ֪ڵǸʲô
ʣµļڵһʱ䣬ͱô۵ɱˣһ֮µĳǿߣڲô۵ǰǸʲôǣͳͳǱɱĻɫ׳
ԥԶɽ˵ĺܱסģϾǲô֮ĶԾǼ̫٣ô̫ûд˿ᡣ
̬ǿߵĶԾûһĳȥôһ˫ҲѾֹͣӶŲ𣬶еӳԾ˵û뵽ռȻеڶ뱾۶Կ˵㵽ʲô
֪ôۣôȴ֪𣬵ȴԵĲ£ɴ˿ɼͬһطһͬһʱģֻʱһʶһˣһˣȴԶԷһ֪
ôۣǸʱǺŵһǿߣڱǸʱҲǺĴ½һǿߡ
һǺռĵһǿߣһǺĴ½һǿߣߣô
Ĵ½ֻǺռеһѣǿһ磬ҪռǻԶ뵱꣬ۡ
뵱ˣô۵飬ĺܡΪʱĺһǿߣɵ㲻һǱ˴𣬶ң˺ռ䡣ʧܣ£ȴڣҲǴʧһվ۷ģʬϲȹġλĺһǿߣôۣڱŵƬ󣬾ȻҪƬаһΪһаѪҷӡڳҵѪҺ֮УԴηʽķ޸ѵͲö𡣽죬첻ΪӷСӵ֪һʹҵ໥±ķӡԽ⣬Ҳȫ޸λôۣܾûֵĻˡ
Ļôۺǲˬ˵˵û꣬۵ȷǰˣһܵĺܲңƬռСڣ۸յƬռ䣬͸оھۼƬռаǸպǱԴԱ۾ͽǵʿҲԸ̽һƬռ䣬֣󣬱۵ǰһССľڤ綼޷٣ǺֻѡҷӡڳѪҺ֮Уϣڳһˣȫ޸ȫʱ䣬ǵȵˣȵ˵ĳˣ죬Ҳˡ
㲻ַ޸Ӧûٻغԭһаɣ
Ȼģʧܣڱ˵ٷˣǸܱ֮ˣ۶Ҫȥġ
ôۣʵڱǸҪغǸˣͬҲҪغǸܱˡֻ㲻ͬǻΪһаѪڳҵѪҺУԴռ챻ߵꣻȴǰͱ˸ȡˣתΪ˳ӷСӡҲ˵ռ壬һ֣ڱģҪӷСӲܳ£Բô𶼲óѡϷųӷ򣬱㣬ٻغ
𱾵ۣǾҪûǸ

ڲôۼҪչĴս֮ǰͻȻô۵ڣһǡ
Զ˵ĳԶɽˣȫôڷľǾѪһְؿڣ˵ǳӷСӣûȫʿɣʶڡ
ӷ磬սʤʿԶɽ󺰵
ôʱ󾪵ⲻܣ
ôۣ˵û뵽Ҳû뵽ӷСӣȻûڣ޷ȫռ塣
ʲôأͳͳҹ
¡¡
ʲô
ӷСӵԪأѪԪء
ãСӷˡ
Ѫ
ⲻܣռ壬ôڻгѪĴڣ
ôۣӣҶСӷСˣȻռ壬ɲûȫꡣڣӷСӣҪʼˣ͵ٴαưɣ


1857 Ѫϣ
ô۵Ͻ˼⣬ȫΪɫĴҲתΪѪɫѪ⣬ôɢҽĻȫһ㣬ô۵ؿڣؿڵĻǿһɾȥ
˿̲ûзκεķ֮ǰǲ֪ʿôۣ֪ĻŲڶģ⿪˷ӡҲôҲûװѳӷĿƣӷ̲ˡ
õķŴ㡣ҪӷСӣҶȫסˣһжС˵㣬ûʲôˡ
ôۣûԵİƷ㣬ȻӷСƷ㣬ǱֶֺΪˡ֮ǰֻһССʧΪ˱ܻصģҲΪԼػغڣһԼڵɡӷ磬Ļȫڰɣ죬ͳȫ㡣

ǿĵô۵ؿڣֱӳ˲ͬʱҲѾ˲񷶦ӵͷ۵ĺĴ½һǿߣʧˣԶɽǣӿʼڣ֪ʲô¡
ôڿŭʼ綼Ϊ֮𶯡
ǣôôûãϣѾ˼⣬˫Ҳɫ
СӣȻ뷴̲ۣڱѾȫ⣬ȫ޸֮£вǼһ㣬Ҳ쵽
¡¡
޴𶯣ĳԶɽǽڽںˣûκһˣȥӷǱߵġ
ѪԪأٵĽ֮סˣѪȫô۸ѹ
ôڸǱ˰ŵĺӣû˿ֵأӦ˵壬ֱӷסˣô޷֮£ǿҲʲôˡ
ļһǴðġ
ӷһղô۸˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ӷȻȫˣһĶķǳҲóӷʮ⡣
ӷ磬𣬾Ȼ뱾ԡ
ѾģҲʿʲôҲʲôطģҪռҵ壬ǰΡ
Ǿñۼʶһ£жͣȻԷ塣
ҵͲһʿһ񷶦ҲҲǵݣ٣壬ҵģҵ壬Զڱˣ֪ΪʲôΪڳ壬ӵųѪֻҪѪϣǾûκˣռҵ塣
㡭
ô۴һôؼˣ
ӷ˵ûôǿѵҳѪֻҪҵѪϣͣͨô壬ǸѪġ
ľ㶵Ŀųӷ磬˵СӵǺ˵Щʲôڸ˭˵
ôо֮⣬ĴڣѵǸղš
áȫԶ㣬ӷ翪ʼˣȻ˾űѪ
űѪ
ţӷҪѧԶɽ𣬽ѪôߣǲֱȼԼ
Ȼǰӷ粻õ㣬Ųãߣһ޸ԼԸԼ㹻ʱͬˣӷȻ֪񷶦ȻģңһԼȫ󲻵˵ǿһһǿߣһĴ½һǿߣӽߣΪԼܣ鷳治һĴ֪ǰӷ綼ǿųѪ񷶦ʿȥе˵ģŵƣʧȥŵĻǳӷܲԵѪȥԿȫǴ˵еأΪҪǣǣ򿪺ռ֮ţռ䣬ȥѰۣ
һУóӷͷʹڣҲЩʱѽ
ڣ񷶦ѾԸյĻˣҲõʱƽ
еĻȫ˲񷶦֮ڣʿôۣûгѹס
ȥ
ӷ͵һƣԼؿȥһģֱӾͽʿô۸ѹסˣһǲŭӷ磬ۼסڿʼҲʿˣеģֻʱض壬꣬һеɡ
СǿΣϾҵڣǸղ˵ǰ㣬ǼģһˣԼڵĶβˡʵʵȴţȴ취Ū㡣
СӣȻ˵Ļ
񷶦˲
Цһڣһҵ࣬ǵԣһھҵһԡ
ãܺãȻе㶼Ѿ֪ˣǱҲͲҪظˡסռ䣬ս֮ǰڵһУֻǸ̰ˡúŬɣɶˡ
ٸҷϻҸ죬׽ҪҪ㣬ǵĿҵ顣
Ըı𡣲Ҫ㣬ǰôģôģôģܶ飬Ҫ˼С֪һģҲĳһ죬ĳһİˣܸһ
˵ֱ꣬ʧӷ絥һӣ񷶦Լڡ
Ϲ˵Щѵһ᲻𡣡
⣬ӷͻȻһֲܿ뷨
ôۣȫǺռ䲻ͬʱĵһǿߣȴܸһˣôǵģʲôءֻ᲻ǡͬһˣ


1858 ̫ӳ
ʱ£²ˣ
½Уʹڣһ׵ʿʹ⼱æûκ£ǿµʱ˽
ʵʱһ䣬иأʹ飬ʲô£ôŵģһΥΥ߾·һ
ɽʱͬգ֪ǰǰǱߵľĳٴԼﻮ鶼ʧˣʧǿߣһδһͼֻһС£ʶޱȽȥСӳӷ磬ӲСʿ񷶦
˵ʲô£
Ͳʿڣʹ֮⣬ߵ΢Ĺâ˽ʹĴſֹͣ漴ߵâʧʧӰ٣·ʹûгֹһ
֮ǰ䣬ߵâ֣ʧʼ˱仯һŵı飬޿κε飬ټֲ˼飬λǧʱࡣ
ʹǿߣ˵Ҳϰǿߣȫ˽ÿһˣԼ۾ÿһ˵ı飬Ҳһ
ⲻܣ
ߵʹſڣңԶʣ
ѽⲻܣʿⶼǲܷ飬ֲܣֵĵȷȷǷˣ
ʣΪʲô
һǰϵĲ˼飬й֮޲ѽ
ȲҪҲ²⣬ûаٷ֮ٿ϶֮ǰ飬Ҳֻǲѡ
˶٣һˡ
ǣʱ¡
̽淽棬ߴ׷ʲô£
ʱ£ĩ֮ǰѾ̽
أ
ûû
ʲô
ߴϢȫʧͷ·𣬷·𡭡ˣ
Ƿ·ģһϢˣڳǿߣȫųʶԽ涴Ǳߣ̽Ƭ棬δߴϢһϢҲ
ѵѵģ
ʱ£ߴ𣿡
ߴ֮£ǿǿߣ˵Ǽڳֵ֮ĻʣʲôҶ
ʾԲţɱ߸ͼһҲ֪ʲôɵֶΡɾٱɵֶΣһ˵ϣҲ߸˵ϣô̵ʱڡ
һ벻飬Ǳ߷ʲôء
ʾȻ˴ȫɱȫ˳֣֮ڳǱߣҲֻһӷѣԶɽûɱںռ䣬ѵ
ʣʿѾסһסʿͲӵɱѽ
ѽסʿȷûǵûƵʿ򲻹ܻûģڣܵĻᶼûѽ
ѵǣѵĻǡ
һ仰˵ȴη㣬˵ڣҲʹڳǿһһ㶵ģǱߣʲôηҪ֪ǰľڤ磬ʶûһüͷѽʦһսҲǼʶģֻ˶ѣ˵ǰ󣬶ڳʦûȵη塣
⵽ôһ£ηģ׻ʲô
ʼֻأ
ʼֻأҲǲ񷶦ηģѵ
ʣһʼֻأ䵽˳ҵҲӵйģӦ֪ôȥֵɣ
ֵʼֻ֮ǰȷԵֵ֮ӵ߽޿ƥУǳʦǵȴڡȻһܣǾǣʼֻѾ
⣬û˵ȥҲ˵Щ飬ܲܳ˵˵־Լɡ
ôǰܰܳ죬ҡˡ
δʿǰͻȻһ⣬ʹ˽
ʣѵеǿνİ˴֮Ϊǿİ˴Ҳǲһѽ
̫ӣʹڣԵĺţϽʵɸףûӵʵټ£ȴֱӴ˵ʲô̫ӣ񶼲ʣλʷˡ
󵨡
ʺߣ˵ǽ㵽ôܻˣ
̫ߣһߣߣһֱ̫ӵǿߡ
ʱ£̫ӵѾҪչˡ
ʲôʱֵһ˵ˡȥ

̫ӴЦʣν߾ֵ֮Ϊǿİ˴Ѿȫɱ˵һ֮λѾͷˡ
˵ʲô
컹ʵλӡ
ˣ
ǿߣͬʱǰһ˵̫ӵ£Ҳ̫ˡ

顣
̫һ֣Ȼ䣬ǿֱӽ˵ǿ߸ס
˴ΪԾ¡һȻըʹ˵ǿߣֱӱը˷顣
⣬ⲻܣһôӵǿ
˶ˣ̫ӽһͽһǿ߸ɱˣңǿߵ֪ģ̫֮ϡ
һǰǿߣ˺󣬸ǿһ˵ʵ
ʶǲ˼ĿԼĶӣеһʮϤİĸо
ǡ
ôʣ̫֮ϣ
һѪɫʵ򣬳̫ӵͷ
ʸǿٴδһѣͬڤ磡
ѽǾڤ硣
Щһﻹǵġûǰľڤ磬еĵһ硣񣬱̫Ѿ˾ڤ磬Ϊ̫ˡ⣬ǿö


1859 ңռ
ÿһռ䣬һΪ磬ЩΪ磬ҲΪӴģӵеΪǿģһˣܵõһռе磬Ҳǵһ磬ӵе޾ǿ
ǱߣȻڤ磬磬һ磬ȴ̫ӶˣˣȲʲôľڤ磬ǰ쵽ˣҲ֮ǰҪǿŸǳԽʵ
һӵ㹻ıǮ֮һΪΪǣȻȱǮҲ뵽һηĵزͺñǰĳңڵͨУӵǮǲģɵӵη壬ɵйĲǲһңҪ֣Ҫɫ¡
̫ӣӶᣬ˾ڤ磬ʵǿ߻̫ܿӵڣһΨʲӵеƣƻǿޱȵģʱҪǿ
ѵѵ̫ڽУĵõǴ˵еģʵľΪΪǿĴڣҲΪǿһ
̫ӣûκһ˸ٷһ䣬ǰһΪһ仰ͽᵼڳҲкܶˣ֮ǰǸʵжԵģ֮ǰҲǷΪüģ֮ǰűʸͳһЩһʱȻǿԼҵ飬˭ʣҵȣֻҪסԼͺˡ
ʵŭѾһļޣκԼǰκԼȨԼӣҲС
ΪӶ˾ڤ磬ʸ𡣽죬Ҫúýѵ

̫ӴЦһ˵װĸʣˡǰʦһս˺֢£˲֪ҿǺġ죬ǽ֮λңҲǾڤͬʱӵеӦÿĳ
˵ʵԵˣھԲһӵ˾ڤʾĽɫǾԼ֮ϣԼûǰǺֵ֢ͬġ
ǰԼӣܱģΪӣʶ̫ġ
㻹췴ѽˣ¡
ߣߣߵ⣬̫ȴǲɫת֮ȻˣǺ͵ˡ̫¡
վߵ߶ˣԸģȴ̫ӣѵֱӼʵĲϡ
ʣ䣬ӵеǺεǿ󣬿ڣȻһ㷴ûУǴЦ
û뵽û뵽˱ˣ죬ȴѱ
ԵеûƵģǶǵ˵ͷȥʡ
ʻһǿǿʹˣ̫֮ڣȫˡ
ãǳá뿴δܳҵġ죬Ȳƽϣպˡ
̫ߵߺˣѽ׷
վס
ֹ̫סߵߣ˵׷ˡ
̫ӵ¡
ȥɣѾûʸˣ֮λҲκ˷Һǡ
û˷ԣԼˣ˭ҷѽ
ֻ
̫ӡʱ£ĸױϾʦսĽɫǺܲġΪҪǣҿսĸס
졣
λʣ֮ǰ̫Ӵŭһ˵ʾʣϴʣʣʡţҸǲǱΪģΪ̫ʵ̫ˣҲȲȥˣҲ顣ȻȻڱһʣȻıҸҪá
ⷬȻ˵ڳģλҪĵһ£ֱӸҿսȶһԼߵҲѾӷһˣ֪ҲǺöԸģûȫ̵ļƻĻ롣
ˡ
ߣʵģ֮ǰʵͬʱվʵһҵֵܣʵˣô꣬Ϊ˵Ƚ졣ԭǻΪҪȺܾãû뵽ʲǳɹӶľڤ磬ڽصõʵľ裬ҲʹǳΪһȫµļ
ĩݼʡ
ߴͷˣȻҲȫ¡
ʵ˵ͷЦڵȵˡãܺãһ𣬾ǳҵĩաˣ¿ռ󡣡
ռ
ȫһռһִ͵ĴԽռ󷨣ܽ½ȫ쵽һطȥһռȥҪÿռ󷨣ʲô
ʣѵ롭
ûȻĿǰûȫսʤʿʼֻصİգǰİţҪ׼õġ½תƵռȥҪҿս
½һ磬תƵȥӣλʣ湻ġ


1860 ϵ
ڳҰ˵һսȡʤǳҵǾĵǳףûеġǰμһ𣬰˴
һϲǣǸʲôӷһ㶼Ǳס˵磡⣬ĳ֣һڵӷ緢ºԵʮ˷ܡ
һ£һµʱȥˣ綼Եʮƽ·һǰʲô鶼ûзƵģӷһ£ҲڱչѡĵطѾǲ񷶦ˣϾ񷶦ı仯ǳӷ벻ģΪֹⷢǲôٴγ֣ӷֻڽʱ򣬻гʱ䣬òҪȥ񷶦
籣һµƽȻһ죬ȴ鷢
磬磬磬˹ڣȫΪ֮𶯣Դڵ֮ڡ
֮ģԶɽˣȫۼڴˣ˹緽ۼҲڵȴʲôϲŷϣľأҲڵȴʲô
Ҫʼˣ϶죬죡ӷ磬ССͣôĥѣ죬ҪٴνˡǵĥѸұʵ֮ѽ
ľ˵һҲӷܵĥѷǳСʱ򣬶ǿһŵƣһδεʹĳӷ׻ģӷõһ˷ָĵز
¡
һ죬ǿҵ׵绮ʣľص˫ţΪ֮һ
ļһʲôͽɣô໨ǡ
ľطȥֻھʯ򣬸ϷԭʼɭַͬʱɢǿĵЩȫͬһطɢȥ
Сӣ뽫ĻΪԼ𡣡
ûӷڻδǽĻۼ͸ʱľĻһΪԼãҲֹպٴע⡣
ܿ죬ĻȫۼΪһ壬ۼĵطԺüصӣ󣬳ľڵɽУԭӷϲɽľԴ󣬾һֱû뿪Ϊӷ绤Ƶġ
顭
޴ĵ𣬽ɽ·ըϣؼۣУն֮Դӿնӿ
ĺáӷ磬׼ɣһѡ
䣬ľؿʼۼʹںΪһ壬ȫһɽȥ
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ɽըɿֻһ⣬ɽֱʡ
Ļ֮ǰһСľأлˡ
͵͸һɣӽҲûˣΪΪҪӰˡ
ľصһӣٴκҹӵɡ
žžž
ҹ֣ұľظٵˣڹ⣬ؼУȫӷǵۼȥ
϶졭졭

ľۼأʱʱ֣üȫǿޱȣ޵е
ˣСӣҪ֮Դˣֻǵ죬˵Ѿ㹻
˭ǵġ
ӷľشΪԾ
Ѿģһû񷶦ûʿѵ㻹ôɡ
ɳӷı֣ôˡ
Ǽʶһ£ʲô
ӷ粻ûǾģֻڸǰͬˣӷڵľ磬ǰǵȾ磬Ҫ߳Ⱦ£ûκƵĸ£Ȼ
˭Ҳ벻ӷ粻֮ԴϰҹҲе⼸֮⣬ӷʲôƵģ
ľؿʼɵۣĳԶɽˣҲʼɵۡ
ô£СӣԼ
ԼǲյģԼԼĵɳӷ磬ֵĵȷȷڵǡ֮в񷶦
ʲô
ľʵ벻ͨӷЩʲôʿ֮ǰʧȥƣòֱѹסˣʱ򣬸ͲܽʿѣӲܶʿڲ񷶦û֪֮ǰ仯ʲôǰģߣ̫Σգû֮ǰһãӷҲȷûǣڣӷ粻ǣȴǵⲻϹ
һһôǰɣǺǿǰɣȻĸУӦò⣬ҵɡ
ӷڣ񷶦âһҲˡ
СӣǲȻûõ֮ͬǰ
ٸҷϻҲǧвңҲһס
ô۵Ҳˡ
СӣҪ㡣
ңǸЦҵס˶ʮ꣬ûշѾˣڽ㶫ȻҪҡãҵ뿴ҡɣùɡ϶죬졣

֮֮ȫһ壬ӷȫΪһ塣
һҲ̫С˰ɣ͸ôǿɸˣڽǵԼǿˣҲûһ㣬һɣܰ죬ǡ
ˣ㣬ѾˣȻԲѵ죬Ҳ̫֪ߵغ˰ɡ
ǲˬȻҪӷ磬ɰճӷַڰ󣬵ùǳӷԼ
ôֻۣ̲˳ӷ꣬Ըӷ磬֮ǰûȫ޸Ͱѵδĳӷɵˡ
ˣ͵ɣеʱ䡣
¡
ؼ䣬һ޴𶯣Ѿܱˣûȴ
ľ䲻֪ӷղôģҪǼֱǵͲڶʱ
ˣӷ磬Ҳ̫̰˰ɣ˵ġ
ӷЦһ˵ڵ𣬸һϵûС
ʲôûϵ
оҵѾֹͣˡڵġ
磿
áȥ磬ģɲѽ
ӷѾţŷȥ˵ֹǲ٣ǡ㳲


1861 ǿѡ
ǰĵˣսѣҲ֤һ£ĸ磬ûԶĵˣŹͬĵʱͽΪܵսѡȻûԶĵˣûԶѣԶǴڵģ㲻ǳӷ磬źܶˣˣ׵ĸоĵԼԶߡ
ӷľ磬ϣԶɽһȺǿߣҷĵǿߣһ⾵ӣʾһĻÿһ˶Ǿ̾ԡ
үүӣǳˡ
ӷûȥעǾӣΪʲô£ӷľضѾ֪ˡ
ȻˣǾͱϻҪھͶ֣ҲѾϵ죬۷ûʲô𡣡
ʵӷʱ򣬸۷ûʲôˣֻڣ죬Ա񷶦ʿӷԶԿЩںĳǿߣ֮ǰ˴Ľɫ
£ҪصĶ࣡
Զɽ̾˿һָ⾵ӡ
ʱ򣬳ӷľزע⿴⾵ӣ˵۾תȥ⾵ֵһĻΪԾ
ʲô
ӷ˫˫ȭգֻĳ䣬һ޴ĳ涴ǳ涴ڣһ޴ʯͷƳ
ľ˺һ˵Ǹòǡɣ
û򣬻˵ĵһ磬½
Զɽ䣬Ѿһ磬һһε磬ε򣬴Ӿ޴ĳ涴ȫƳ磬Ŀǰκһ綼Ҫһ֣ҲΧ磬ȫһǿƶֲڵΧһУȫٵˡ
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޴𶯣ţ½ģȶ˭޷ȥܣ·е磬Ϊ֮ˡ
ǸʾȻ綼ת˹ô쵽ġռ䣬ȻŴɲнһתƹѽ
󷨡
ľ˵
ʲô󷨣
ûһ˿ռ󷨣½תƹġÿһռ䣬һڣ͸ÿһ˵С㣬棬һ硣Ȼߵ磬ҲǾڤ磬Ѿ̫ӸӶˣҲ淽棬ֱʧ磬û֮࿹½ͽ淽磬κһ磬֮ƥˡ
ǻô
Ȳ˵ģһռ֮ϣһҪʲôĻûκһȥֵġڤ磬Ϊһ룬ûǵã½ĵֱӾʹ˾ڤ磬Ҳ˵Ĵڣ档
Զɽ˵Ҫ棬ǵһĿ꣬ڵĵ磬Ϊڣֻߣ½ˡ
ӷ̾˿Ϊ½㳲ԸԼҵģȴû뵽ģ½ǿߣ磬תƹˡ
ڣӷ磬ҷ棬֪ѾˣԭѾˣǸ̫ӣǳӷΪǿĶ֡
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⾵ӣǿɢû⾵ӵ֮£ӷ˵оûУˣѾѹˡ
½ڽ֮ûƬͣЪģֱӾͳڵĶʢѹ˹
ڣߣֻңүүľĸ˿Ը潻档˵ʵ֮٣ʱĸˣԱӵ
ӷ磬ʲô㣿
ӷһ£˵ȱʲô
ǿߣûҷ棬ȱģǿߣһǿߣ𲻵κãΪӷڲò񷶦ʿˣ֪һʲô
ӣҪģǿˡ
Զɽһ£˵ҪʤǾͱҪɣ׼𣿡
һʱûӦû׳Զɽ˵׼ʲô˼
үүʱ̶׼šֻΪ°ﲻʲôæġ
ΪⷽɷġǰѾѧҳҵİ׷ǧɣ˵Ѿˡ죬үү˽ģҪٴ
ٴ
ӷ˵үүôɲٳʲôˣ̫꣬ˡ
Զɽ˵ϷҪΪȫ
ʲô
Ϊȫɣ
һԵСүүᡭ
ö˵үүѾˡүүһԴ㣬Ѫȴ޷㲻裬ûǵȻһ棬ȽϳԿġ
ӷ˵үүǷ棬ĸѽһһɣ𲻵κõģ
үүˣϴε飬ѾǰˣܸϺȡԣүү˾Ӻߣ£˵ġս棬ľǳ޵еתħŮľ㹻ģֻҪһʱ֮Ӧòʲô⡣ǿ߷棬̹֧ԶŴҲΪ˽õģͬԺǿߣֻѡ棬Ҫһ£Ͼһսȫȡʤġ
˵Ҫǿߣɾ⼸ˡ
ûǷҪ󣬵Ϸȴѡ⼸
үүѡļ
Զɽ˫һɨ֮ϵˣ˵Ƽҽܣ
ƴţվ˳˶˵Ǳߣɵġ
¡
ǣүӡ
Ǭ
ǣүӡ
Ϸ塣
ǣүӡ
ɽ
ǣүӡ
佣
ǣүӡ
Ǽʶӷģ໥֮Ҳ˽ģڣϷѡˣҪģǵΪǿģϷҪģǵŽᣬܰԼԷ𣿡
ףǰԸһֻҪԵĵˣǰЩҪǿһѣһӦġ
ܺáϷ㣬½̵ﶫʢӣԣǻʱġڣʲôȥɣδɵ鶼ȥ꣬Ϊȿս֮ǣܾûˡ


1862 Ф
ϾΥĳУĳСĳӷ羭֣ҲʹࣻӷһҪѣҲŵδεŵԣʶУеӷ粢սţеģڿĵȴųӷĹ
꣬ʱ䣬죬ӷڻˣ½ս֮ǰıԼһĴС
ųǣܷô츲صı仯زľԶʷ϶ôķװڸǲסĲɣ뾭紵¡
뿪Լļ磬ٴλصƬϤʱܻһĪĳ嶯ᡣȻϾǳӷĳģҲǳӷСɳĵطòϣϾóӷһ꣬ɳһ˵ĳʼ֮ء
Ͼѧȫŵѧ֪߳Ĺ֮еѾһȫеģֻĬĬĹΪ΢СĹףǴΪСΪֻҪΪƬظˣǾͲϾѧļ
վѧſڣɽڣ澡ȫǣϤˣѾ뿪ȴһˣߣ᲻ߣһֱϾѧڹ޶һʱ䣬иķչǻصΪ֪ԼǸˣһԼĻϾѧõĵص㡣
ФУڽĻ飬Щط̫ףһ¡
һµϳոտУſڣͱһ˸˿ȥͲʮӣĴ²⣬ӦϾѧʦǹԱ
ڰµϳϵģһŮˣһͲ󣬶ʮŮˣŮ˿˵ȫйС쵼֮һϾѧĸУ
ʮͣѾΪϾѧĸУФһμ壬ҲϾѧҵģɱҵûѡ·ѡϾѧһͨʦ
̶꣬ʱ䣬ФʹһͨʦһձҵõʦΪϾѧĸУ˵ȫȫйʮܳϣһϯ֮λеļƼҽܣϼ֮ŮϵһλĽݼ֮ŮǺպġ
ʮĸУ˵УͨϵģȻФҲ⣬ȻԼı¸ıҲСӣԼФ֮⣬ѣͬʮܳϵǼλĴɽУĽ飬ηһΪȫ֪Ľ飬ҵص󣬲ǹڵĴͻ飬Ĵͻ飬Ľ飬һ˲μӣǸˣйĵһ쵼ˣһ׳Խ죬ͬʱĽҲΪȫһ쵼˵ĽӰˡ
ФʶЩˣһӲĸʯһĴڣλФУ̨ĻǾҪȵһФԼܲܶĹ
ȻΪҪһǣФһѣһޱȵѣλѵļ壬Ǹɵйģλѵļ壬Ȩµģȴһˣȥȥλѵ֣Ͼܶ˶˵ФѣѾˣФֻλĽݲؽѣֻжФǳ˲֪ѣڣûн飬ֻҪûˣжŮˣġ
ФԽԽŮζˣڽУҲǶġ
ʦʲô£ǹ˵ɣ⼸Ҫȥһ˾ǡ
ȥǣ˵ȥǣФԵĺ˷ܣ궼û˷ˣ֪ĳ˻ϢѾФĶС
УѧĴҰϵѧȫУɫģΪʲôѡҵѧҪѡˣ
ʦӦ֪ǸѧƽʱΪϲǺܺãĳҲӦ֪ѡΪѧУĴ˻᲻ġ
ôѵΪҵѧȽϸУͲȥФУˣǰԼѣҲ𡣡
ʦ˵ĻФֱӾͷˣӳΧѧ·ˣָʦĶͷ˵˵Сһ㣬ѸѧȡѧбµĻͲǮȥʦ𡣡
ФУ˵Сһ㡣Ϊ˸ȨƵѣͿԽ˭ֻ֪ǸСѣŸʲô
㡭
ι嶯嶯ħѽФУ㴦°ɡ
Фһ˹ͬʱʦҲ߹һѧꡣ
Фǰ֪꣬һʲô飬ˣԼ꣬ڻˣǳӷ硣
ʦʲô£
ѧƳţһƲ˵󻹸ѧŮˡ
٣㲻ҪܣҴӦ飬һġ
ʦԼѧ٣֤ʦҲǸʲôɫ
Ŷ𣬿е鷳ѽҪҪҴӾмѹ
ˣһ֪СӶѡ
֪˵𣿡
ӷ粻ɵһЦǸ̫ǿ߽ӴˣӴЩͨˣһֳСƨĸо
˵㣬Сӣôүоɣ
ֱǰųӷ硣
Ф˽ӷģڳӷ϶磬˵ɱǾɱˣ컯֮ɱˣҲ£֮ʰ̯ӵĻţë
ǳˣ߰ɡ
ФҲ£ϾѧĸУˣܲԼɱԼѧУѧʦɣʲôѽ
û£ܾûˣ档
Фˣ˵鷳ģϴǰʧԶ뿪Ͼ뿪йҲˡ


1863 
ЦˣŮҲЦˣʦͬЦˡ
ò˵Ф仰ʵ˷Ц˭˵ֻЦģΪǻãʲôѽʲôʸ˵Ļѽ浱ˣ㱳ٴ󣬴죬ҲĵӰѽб뿪йôֱӽбȥء
ȻФûоԼ˵ĻܺЦ෴ǼԽФ
Ϊ˲£Ͼѧſڳ£ФΨһģǸϽӷߣж߶죬ҪʱӷһˬǾѪܵѽ
Ǳ㶼ˣѵûһΣȥҼɣҰ趼ġ
֪ФĸôˣԿ϶ǣФ˵ѣĸǲܻӷģӷʧʱ䣬ڣФ͵ŮΪʱڣû´ĻФĸף϶޳ȥûҪȥһʧˣǸ㣬Ůˣ𼸸ѽ
ФôΪѣӷҲ˵ʲôٸʦʵһ㣬ҶФĻͲҪԼ֣ӲҪԼ˵ѵţǻͷòϢ
Ǻðɣȥˮʲôģȥ㸸ĸ

ٴЦ˵үΪһʲôݽɫ˰죬ԭֻֽϻѽˮôֱȥײأ
ײģ
֣ФųӷϳٴȥˣȻҪˡ
ǲ֪һ֪ߵغļһǲĵү㣬СӣФϾѧĸУôϾǣǱүҿģҪһ仰顣
ʲôţͽš
ϾǶǼҿģνҸʲôѽϾţһңȻ˵ϾǼҿģⲻǲӣǲŸӣ治֪ʲôˣһ׬Ǯ׬ͷˣԼҵĵ̶Ҫˣ
ȻӷͲƽˣտʼȥɡ
㣬ղ˵ʲôϾǣǼҿģ
ٺԺȻġСӣһǸɫүүүǽ

йĽȥˣһʲôվ˵һǼҵģгӷλ̫үԿѽ仰뵱ĳӷ綼û˵ѽ
û֮ǰԶǰʧ򣬱˵һϾǣ磬û˱ס㡣
ţѵҾͲ𣬿ɸ˼ƽϣ̫ʧˡ
ʦڶû˵һ˫۾Ķųӷ磬꣬Фղ˵ûˣѵǡ
ʦǰס٣˵٣Ҳǵģǻ˰ɡ
ˣʦڸүЦ𡣽챾үФ͡
ͻأֻԼ䣬һʹϣһȣΧˣȫɵۡ
Ѫٵһ󺰵ҵĶ䡭쵰ȻҶ֣ˣˡ
ϴ˸绰ֻΧɫı۳ϣʮɫװˣЩ˻һǹġ
Թԣе㱾ѽЩװˣ֪ȫǾˣһͨľˣǹܣ֮ͥǹ˵ģɣǳϺľˣЩˣȫϺڡ
ûдţһӣֻ뷽棬һϾģôཫӷҲȫʶѽ
Ŷǹġе˼Сϳ
СӣͷԺ󣬶Ѿˡ
ұǾҪЩˣûвץҵıˡ
ҿǹɱ쵰ȻҸҵĶ䣬Ҫ
Ů˻ڲͣĴ绰ӷȴûֱӶɱˣЩˣɱɱˣԼ鷳ˣȫй˺ôԼĸףԼ⹫Լľ˾ˣ治ôϺڣûдִֻѡ
أ
Ǵͷľ˴һӷѾˡ
ء
ԱһŴϣӷ粻֪ʲôʱȥ
Сôȥģϰ
ǹ
飬飬顣
濪ǹˣΧе·ˣѧʦȫŵҵط飬ǿû
ФˣǹˣԼҲҪ绰
һʱ֮䣬绰˭أФ֪˭ҪܶˣǲܴģƴţǣǽйֵĸǼλɶ첻µزµһȫǽ
ˣҪģȨģļȴ̫ߣҪӷ죬һ仰ܽʲôġ
ˣһ
Фһ绰ϾطǸղҪ˵ĵط
ιã˼У
һĹ򣬵绰ͷһŮ˵
˭л˵ѵء
㣬Сѽ
ŶСôңڴѵأʲô˵ɡ
ܵˡ㣬ѧУɣˡ
ѽûʱ䡣
ӷ磬ӷˡ
Ұ˵ӷˣ֪ϾɣһԷ
ȲˣٲҪġ
һ𡭡һ£ղ˵ʲôʲô
Ҳ˵˴һ֧Ǿ˵Ķǹֱӷء
ӷȻ꣬ǹҵľˣһǽ˭ǹָ
˵ѧУǣɡ
ţϵ
Ͼ˼״Ӱ칫ҳ棬һ֧ڼѵ
ȫ嶼С
ǣ׳
ߡ
ǡ
Сԣʲô
һٽǰʵ
׳ҪȥһϾѧ
Ͼѧô£
˽¡
УдžӰ˽µģһˣӦ֪
ҹܲô࣬ұϾѧ˵£ұ̸Ϲȥ
˭ܣ
ǵģҹĹӣӷ硣
ӣˣ
ûʱϻˡ
£ңҲȥʿϸҵȫľϾѧ
Ͼһ׳칫ңѾϽˣսӵ绰ȻŭĶ˭ôӣϸϹȥ


1864 Խı
Ͼĳڡ
ۼˣ͵ˣʮߣһװľϽĸȫźɫɫװϻ۾
Ŵ򿪣һŮˣ˽ﻹһϡ
׳ҪѾȫˡ
Ůߵǰ˵ǹԼվҲһˡ
ɳϣ̣߳ߺŲ裬˵ֱ˵ɡ
ǡ׳²ʱĵ飬ȷǴϾʼչġڵʱ򣬶ԱپףȫϾѧѧһ׳Ĺӣһͬͬһͬѧһȵһ׳ĹҪ߳һ졣ˣ;ѧģѧ֮ҲǶ֮ʱ
˵ͷ˵صأ
Ѿͨپ棬ߵչ飬֣پѧϾѧͬѧûκε磬һķǳࡣ
Ǹˣǳӷ磿
ңǻ鵽ӷսϾѧ͵˵صһڰǸڰȴڲ֮ˣлϾĴ壬ҲΪӷ˳𣬲֮Ĵȫ𡣡
Ҳ˵²һ㶼ûĴʼˣǸصľǳӷ磿
ûǵãʵˡ׳һ㣬ҪȽϺá
˵ɣô꣬ҵĸŮʲôֱ˵
ǣ׳⼸ʱ䣬ķչһôĵزģ˵ȫĺڵûκһҵĺֵ붫ΪС⣬ŵĹϵҲʮеģټűţҪԶ֣ҪԸģѾǶˣŸš
Ů˵꣬һɫװ˵׳˼ΪһĻҲ˵ҪԶ֣Ǿ͵ֱңԼΪСҷ治֪ʲô£̳ϣ棬ֵĶܵ͵Լҷ棬ԴӢۻ֮ԼҼ֣ȫľ磬Լ˵㡣
վ˵ҽһ֮ǰѾ뵽˺ҪԸģԼң׼ȷ˵ҪԸģԽ졣˵һҲûйԼ˵㣬ЩˣԭǷϵһɵģԼұǶԴӷǶôãԼҵʲôԣ룬ھίǶƨҲҷţӣѾͷˡ񣬼ȻѾ鵽Ĵʼ˾ǳӷ磬ֻҪǽϢȥȫȫ֪ʣԽ죬ôһ׳λӡһڵĶӣһȫһ쵼˵ĸףҹ˵񲻳һЦ𡣶ң׳Խ飬лɣұˣԽεʱҹĹ⣬ͻȻͶһʾ޶ʽһȫµװЩѵ͸ûϵ𡣡
׳˼˵ԽϯԶɽǮģ
ˣʱŴ׼ҹչһڷ籩Խλ֮Ҳûһ㶯ˣ˵ʲôһңһԶɽһӷ磬ΪԽλӣһǮһ׳ھʩѹ
˵˰죬ЩˣȫǷҵˣǽһУɾҪΪұġȻҪԸԼңҪڳӷ֮⣬Ҫ׼ԸһˣǸˣκ˶Ը˵ģǸ˶Ѿʧˣڻδ֣ŵЩһﵨ׳ˡ
׳ǽô
ܼ򵥣ȸϾʩѹȻҪڻǾ͸Ͼйء
ãϡ
ˡ
Ŵ򿪣һ˳˽ҲǸˡ
ʲô£
׳үүѧУˡ
ʲôСˣ
ǵģү˸һֻ䡣
ʱ֮䣬Ȼ˭ôӣȻҶӡϸϵؾһҪ˸ץס
׳Ѿ֪ͨ˾ѾϹȥˡϾ棬Ǻʲôرжϵ֮ǰѾȫ뿪˾
ȲЩϸȥϾѧʲô£ҪǸһΡ
ɫѾϾѧſڣʮϺڣץӷ磬ǹӵѾˣȴӷı߶
ФվһԣʲôҲûʲôҲˡ
Сӣ֪˵˭Ҿ㣬ϸȻء
Ϻڣûӵ֮ǰǲҳġǽȴôˣͱһñˣоԭ򣿡
ǵĵʱԽҲ˼Ϻڱӷ磬ɳӷ粻ͬΪҼ̳ˣҷ汾Ҫչ˵ģ˵ԽĶˣǸոλܻҵĿֲӰܣԵεԽвԣʱϺڱӷġأƾʲô
ǵĹҪͣ㡭
ͷľͻȻһ㶣ʵô֪Ϻڣ
ΪϺڣ£Ҫܣ㵽ŵĻǲǸˣڱʲôҪ
ģӦòСӰɡ˵ɣί˭ˣ
ίĽϾȻǵõ뷽ģȻҲϺڱϾȴõ֪ⲻǺ


1865 
йϲ֣Խ־Խ˿ɵΣʱԲŰƨģжܶ죬жԶܶԶйڵ
Ͼѧſڣǹսʣмˣ᲻ҪĴӵǲ۾ģһžҪˡ
侲ʱ֮䣬ȫѧ棬ʮ侲ˣӷվϾѧſڣûЩϺڷ̶ʱ֮ڣǵӵѾùˣһǾܹϸѵľˣһ̣ЩˣͻȻԼǳС
ֲӣһһǿֲӣҪ¡
ͷľ˫һתǵڵϣŮ˷ŵٺүｻǣߡ
һȺûõĶСӶԸˣҪǺá
ʵЩϺھӷ˵ǸͲٵģǱλǸʱϾѧţϾҪԸ˲򵥣һʲô£ԼҵһǷǳҪġ
ΪһϽίְھǷ棬ȫָƵģڳҸԼҵǾ͸˵ˣεļƻʧܣģ֣֮㣬ǳ
٣ҲӣżΨһһĸףʮǰѾˣôģҲεļƻĪĹϵʮǰǳķ粨żңкܶˣǳ粨֮ڡ
Ҳѹһӣʮˣ˵Ļķ粨ʣܲôЩּ꣬ϳҸʧ꣬Ͳסˣͳ˳ҸӶڵʱ򣬰ˣҲΪұɣ
Ȼ벻ļƻʩʱϢҵĳӷ磬ȻˣҲܵȥҪ̵ʱڣԽ̨֮󣬾ǽıж
Ͼֵѵص㣬ֻҪס˶鱨Ӷ֣ȥԽ̨ɱֱӴӾǣҪõĶ࣬٣ɹĻʣ˺ܶࡣ
ͷľ˿ûŭִֻҪ񣬱飬ȥں
ǸŮ˸СһģȸҰŮץ
˽ӵѾûӵǹֱӵĳФ˹ȥ
ФǸͨŮˣͨŮ˵飬ȻǺµĲˣϾǳӷŮˣֲû˴£ܹҲΣչԸǹҲԹֻҪгӷڣʲô¡
ӷѾФץסȴû˿ĵģҪɱЩˣգ֮ͿˣФͲܵκ˺ǣӷ粻ɱǣǲɱǡ
һֻ䣬ʹ࣬ܳܵסҪιȥˣ󺰵ǸŮˡ
ɱˣЩ˷ڵĹֻҪøñˣͻȻ¼ʱܿס㹻ˣҲţֻҪץסФͲ̫ˣҲȷˡ
ӷûзЦҪץңǾͶְɣαΪһŮأѵйӦ𣡡
ڲܱ֤ݣӲܱ֤ݣԡ
̫࣬ϾѧĸУϾ֪飬ǲ֪ܲɡ
˵ϻ£һ˰ɡ
Ǽ𣿡
ץ
ɱɱ
մ꣬һľϾѧ
죬죬졭ֳȫס
ͷľӲҲǹġ
ͷľҲʱǰݣ˵ڣЩϺڣЩ죬Ϊһ塣
һ͵ľ죬ϵģģ͵ľӦþϾֵľֳˣֳӷûҲ˵ǰӷˣѾϾˣطȥˣûʶӷ£黹е鷳
һӣм쳵ڵˣһ³ͼԼڵϣѪ
ˣҽԺ
ĵһӦǾӣֻǸһֻ䣬ͲΣա
˭˭ҵӣ
׳
ͷľǰ㱨˵һ顣
ǶǸʲôԵģҽǱҵӣô˸ˡ
׳ҵĴ
ϰ˸Ҵ
죬ҲѾ˹ȻǾֳֳǰһװϼһһѽ
һ񣬾ֳ˵׳ͬ־á
ͷϾǸʲôԵģȻᷢ顣
桭
ҪˣӵˣһҪǹУԼŰɡ

ӷЦһ˵ǹУǺôĹѽ
ʶӷ磬ҲûΪǰǷϵһɵģϵһɵǼĶ࣬Լҵȴһû
Сӣ㵨ӿ治СȻӣҲм
ֻһ²ôõİɡ
ֳȻҪƨģҴ򡣡
ס֡
Фǰ˵ֳҶһ£С
ФУôѽ
ֵľֳʶϾѧУⲢ֣ǣλФУôᡭ
λֳʶӵˣһһġ
׳пеɡλϾѧĸУФ
УôĸУ
ǵģԲдѾܶˡ
ȻϾѧУ߻治ôͽ̸ִɡ
ңҪȴһǰɡǲҪˣϾ͵ˡ
ѾͷҲҴʲôƷ
Ǹ𣬺ţӣҪǹ˼ңѵҹҵķɣ㶨Ĳɣ
ãܺá˾ǰɣһ뿴ϾҪô¡
׳ϾѾˡ
˾ͺã˽
׳̫ࡣ
̫ࣿܶȥ
׳ģϾеʿ٣лйֹŽ
ʲôȫʲô˭֪ͨǵģôƣ
Ф˵Һǹġ
㣿һСѾͷϾѧĸУҲеϾ
Ͼھˣ˿̣ӷ磬ӷһҲںг̬֮һֲĸо
ѵСӣʲôˣϸҲһ¡


1866 鷳δ
񣬺ܶʱӲҲִʱ򣬶ԼսʹһǾͿƣԵ˵һҲܽеսȫͽԣʲôʱôʵҲŴѧѽ
ڣϾѧſڣԳӷݵĻɣϳӷϬ񣬵ǾֳֵӷҲںֹ£ֱӾߵТǰ
ĻͻὫϵǹÿ򣬺ܳеءסǾˣִҲҪԵʲôˡ
ӷץסФ˵ȻɱǣФĻǳӷҲһеĶ֣֮䣬ڳˣɱ
˱ӷųһ亹ӾôЩ꣬ʲôΣյûѵҲִйٿֲĶҲǰͲǺܴ꣬ȴԼһϢĸо
ں֮£Ҳ˵һʶη֮£еǹ
ӷФֻ΢һЦڲǵҳʱҲǵ꾭ʱ򣬻Ƚǰɡ
оģ
ԣҸղŴ˵绰㣬ġ
ѽӷżԼһ㣬ҲӢ۵ŮǰԼ뿪ʱҲ˵ǸҵӢ۵ʱԼǸϾѧԺҲӦϾɣ٣ҲǸˡ
ǽȻȥɣ˶ˣ鷳󡣡
ЩˣӷԽЩҲɵϣӦúܿܲ鵽Լݡȫܹǽ£ͻ룬Լһ͸ĸ׸ô飬ȷе˵ȥģһãᱻ˵ɣԭйĵһ׳һ竵Ķӡ
ФǸ֪Ůˣʲôʲô飬ղʵǼˣҲ³ӷɱˣִ󣬲Ż绰˼׵ģȻھѾ˼ڸϵǰѾµľ
Ǻãϡ
ڴ绰˼ףѾˣľѾϾѧ߿˹ٶȷǳ죬ǳģںľӣֱӾͽֵȫ
ЦϾϾĵ̣һ׳Ĺ£ΪϾһ׳Ĺ֣ɲ֪ôԼҷ潻ѽȻ֪ӷģǰҲӷ̵ΪϽϵһɵģӢ۵£ʵϣλŽĽˣ£ҲǰͿʼˡ
ѾˡˣȫϹˡ
ФЦһ֪ͲӦ֪ͨ˼ס
ӷ˵̫࣬ڵϾǹֵ׳ɣ
ǵģѾϽˡ
Ǿû£Ӧ֪صġ
ܿ죬ӣȫ˹һ֧֧ľǹȫ׼֪׼˭Ŀǰֻû´
˼УװȺеĳӷ磬Ҫͱָֹסˡ
ȲҪžƣӲµġ
׳ұûˣЩֲʶҿǡ
ѵûȺУһ𣿡
ѽȺУһһ͵Ͻ
ǲϽôоϺڡ
˼׿ʶЩϺڣΪеǹı־
˵Ҫȿ⣬ȻЩ˸ҶԳӲһ֪ӵݣԳӵԸ˵ܵ͵ȻԼ˵Ҳ˵
˼׵˵ͷʾ֪ôˡ
һϽһУͬʱȥͺʶӷƵģǰЦʲô磬ŽϾˣ
ԹֿûɫΪıϵһɵģһų֮̂ǰ˾ǵжԹϵ
ҵ˭أԭϾһ׳ѽ˵֣һ׳ôģϣȻ顣
飿֪Ž⻰ʲô˼
˰ӵĶҪ֪ҿֻһӣʲô̵ĻӦ֪
Ŷ˭ôӣȻҸүĶ䣿
Сӡ
ֱָ˳ӷ磬ҲֻϺ꣬Ŀǰ֪ӷݣ˵ϾΪӷģǹӦûʶӷ磬ǾͲҪԼȥˣֱֽӸԼܲܶͿֵ̬ˡ
Ӧ֮䷢˵ìܣҿû£ҽҩѾ˰ɡ
ɫʱһ䣬ȴûֱӴţʲôˣϾһ֣ͲΪһСӣʦڵˣ˵ĻҪ֪ԼľȨȻû󣬿ɼһģԼӱ˸һ䣬Ȼ˵ҽҩѾˣⲻ˵ǰСӣȷһ
ҽҩѣҿСӸɡ
Աߵ˼˵;쿪۰ɣϾѵ𡣡
˼ҲǸˣ˵ѵԼҸ𣿡仰˵ϾΪ˵ԼңǾ͵ڸӷݡ
ŶһŮȻҲʸ˵ǸУû˵ļɡ
ЦŽۼҵıȷûʸ˵װʸˡ
мһЦʸ񣬾Ȼ˵ʸˡҵʱСӶ֪Ĵء
˼˵ǽ׳ˣҶӦ㡣ҪϵĻǾͱ˼ײӡ
˼ףԣ
ûҾԡżңҲ֪żңһԼңʮ
ѽԼҵĽȥˣЩ˵ģʮȣʲôȡ
֪鷳ˣԼϾΪ˶ԸԼңԸԽģڸԼҽӵĻԼļƻǲ
Ӣ۵Ů
˵ŽȻǺѽ׳ŮȻҪ׳ѵһСĻǲö˵ʲôġŽҪˣ׳ǼǶģ͸˵ǵһ׳ˡ
һ仰ҽҩѣҪǲҪҪĻǾˣȫɢ˰ɡҪڿڣҪ٣Ͼ١
ڿﻢˣһһȻö˵ʲôҪǣΪԼļƻ
ãȻСӸϾйϵǽҾ͵ʲôûӵҽҩѣżһǸġ
˿˼ף˵ԼҶŮǽüϣҲܸǼλһǧҪʲô󣬶Լҵ
ͲŽҵˡ
ߣãǾͺڰɡ
׳
˼һδתӷȴ˹˵ȻѾˣҾˡŽУлˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôϻӷФĳֱˣ͵֣˼һ㶼ƵģˣСӵʲôˣָԼҵŮ˶ܹȴһлһⶼûеġ
׳үѾͽҽԺˡ
ߣϹȥ
ѽû꣬ӵһֻ䣬˸ˣָԼҵŮ˱һȴʮ壬ֻҪ㲻ǾǷˣԼұϵûϵҾŪ㡣


1867 ҽԺ
ˣûˣٴʱ򣬳˼֮⣬ٻЩİమŮҲˡ
ФѾû˿ļˣԣӷͷ·ʱԼݣû뿪͸˵İˡ
ûȥФӷҲȥ˵ʵڵģФĸףӷľкøУŮˣʲôʱ򣬶ģǸĲ˵ģӷʧ꣬治֪ǸŮˣٴҪФҹˡ
ҽԺФųҽԺϾҽԺӷ绹Ϊ˼ҪФԼģɿФıֲ̫񣬳ӷʱеɻˡ
ڲǳԷʱΪʲôҽԺ
Ф˵˽㣬λԲǿһô򵥡кܶˣǸһҪģ𣿡
СӦ֪ʲôģԣܶˣܶ£Ҷܵںڸ棬ŮҪһ
֪ԣҴ
Ϊʲô
ΪˣҪǡ
ˣ
ӷɫʼת䣬ȻϾҽԺסˣˣӷʶģҾѣФǲӷģʱӷ
ҲʲôҽԺֱ˵ڰ¥¥侯ţЩ侯ȫǹʵڳӷФմӵ߳һ侯ǰ֤һ³ӷФݣФҲóһССϾӡ£侯ŷųӷФġ
ʲôˣסһҪô侯ţɣ˵ݺ⡣
ϹҸѩ
ϹҸѩ
ӷԼص󣬼˺ܶˣܶˣΨûϹҸѩһǱӷżģһǸӷģϹΪӷ磬ҪԼˣǳӷѣǳӷֵܡ
ʲô£
ʵҲ֪ʲô¡һǰǽϹҸѩͻϾʱϹҸѩѾֲˡߴţ˵һսˣȫĽˣ°뱲ӣֻڴ϶ȹ
ȫϣϹҸѩҲǷ֮ѽôսܽ˳ɣǵʱδӲҪƾĴʱϹҸѩ赲Żᵼ˳ġ
ûϵȻӷˣϹҸѩɹˣʱˡ
ͬһ䲡
ǵģΪ˸õıǣţ齫Ƿͬһ䲡侯ǣһЩˡ
ҵˣ
ʱ򣬳ӷһɵĴЦ˵ɣʲô㣬ֲǵˡ
ৣৡ
һӰ˲ſڣһԭǺڹǣǳӷڹ˾ˡ
ӣڻˡ
ڹ˷ܵĲˣˣȥˣǶ֪ӷ䣬Ҳû˸ǣֻϹҸѩ˱ͻϾǽӵһֱϹҸѩڡ
ӷһºڹļ˵꣬ˡ
˵ʲôԴǸ𣬾ûôһ¡ֻӣǲǻ̫ˣһĻҲڱ˵ǣǼڣ֪˭ɵġ
öˣǵĳѾΪǱˡҲעڴһӵġҶȥɣһ꣬Ҳˡ
ϹңѩˣڴϣФ˵ѾֲˣȫĽȫˡ
δֿ湻ݵģȻҵ˳ûϵҲ벻нɣһˣȴˣ˵ˣҲù
ӣô
ȳȥҾ
ãţκ˽ġ
⣬߽һˣǸŮʿŮʿôˣ̼ʲôˣˣˡ
ɣ̫ˡ
һӣһ紵ŮʿֱӲˡ
ڹǰŮʿ˳ȥФҲǳԾĸ˳ȥҽŸˡ
ڲ棬ڹȥ⿪ŮʿϵѨȴⲻֻʱһһӵʱ䣬ŮʿϵѨȻͽ⿪ˡ
˭ǲǱϰץߡ
ʿС㣬ҪţǸˣ˺չ˵Ĳ˵ġ⣬ĹҲ˽ˡ
ʲôҪˣѵѾ
ģϾҪѹˡһлˣ㲻õõĹʣ⣬ǹ˾һǮԺʲôͿʲô˵ǰ棬֮ıܺͬһӣҪȥй¶һ֮ĹĻǽʲôĺͲ˵˰ɡ
һչֲһʱ䣬ԭһһĹ֮⣬ȻһԼôǮһʿõĵѽ
Ůʿһɻ󣬵ʲôˣܸôųһʼʱǩ˱Э飬죬һȥˣǲҪԼˣԼôһǮѵǹʲôҪص
ǮҲҪֻ֪չһģʲôˣ
ʿС㣬ģẦġھͿˣҵ˻ڽ֮ڣǮת㻧ͷġ
ھҽԺģȻҲǵģŮʿҲ⡣
Ǿˣû֮ǰһǾˣǾҽԺûõԺ֮ͬǰǲ뿪ġ
ģԼֻҪϲǰ;ޡֻҪסǵĺͬȻ㲻ʲôòҲס
ŮʿΣ¥ˣԼȷǵﲻһǰԺѾ¹ˡ
ǺðɡǮҾͲҪˣһĹʣѾսѶܶˣҲ׳µֻǷѡλˡ
Ůʿ뿪˰¥߳ҽԺͽӵһ绰绰ŮʿַҽԺ
үүʲô£
ʲôطܵܳˣǾҽԺϹ
ʲôСʲôˣ
˵㵽ǾҽԺ¥
ã


1868 ɱ
ŮʿΨһĻʿҲǸʿϾĹϽϾҽԺҲѾʱˣҲƽΪ˱Ƚϵ͵Ͼ׳֪ǾżҵˣϾǲҪʮ˴ģûҪʱ򣬾Ҳȥκһ˵ļͥ
ΨûΪǾżҵ˶еԺȻҪΨ֪ľżңѾǽʱͬˣԼүүҲֻǸ˽ѣӵŽľΣȴûнľȨ֮£Լݸ߱ˣûκεĺôǻᱻܶ˳ЦЦżҵû䣬ԣΨѡĬĬһͨıѧУҵģҵ֮͵ˣֻϣܽһҺһҽԺһʿ֮ģҰģȷûУ
Ͼ飬Ψһ֪ˣ׵ܵҲڰǰӱĳѧתϾѧΨԼżھǵĴԼżңҪ𲽵ǨˣǸԼΪ׵ĴȾżѾûκε֮ˡ
ӵĵ绰Ψ̷ҽԺ¥һ䲡ʱΨԼĵܵܶˣԼүүԱߺƣߵӣΨ֪һԼĵִܵˡ
أΨһʱǰȥָûϢĶҸ˵ٴˣͺúö飬Ҫ£ΪʲôүүڻҪΪ㵣ġ
˿ѾˣǷǳʹڸʹ仰˵
̾˿˵ε鲻ܹܵܡ
Ѿȫ˽֮ǰ£˵ҵģɶԷֵȷΥͣϣ治ȫ
үү׷ʲô£
˵һ飬ΨҲǳԾ˵ǾĹŽˣ黹ǲСѽүү˵Сӣʲôˣ
Ŀǰ֪ȻָԼҵŮ˶СӵӦò򵥡ĿǰĲ²Сӣһйϵ

֣ΨҲΪԼүү˵үүȥ鶼ѾȥˣΪʲôżҾͲܺúȥأ˳ҲðҪǿĶѽ
˵СΨүүôһͣ飬Щ󲻵ġһ㣬ҪԶǾǣˮ֮ӿȪ౨ʮǰ׳ȹүүڣҵˣүүҪΪֻһףԼҡ
ԼȻһңֻǣûκϣȥҽоֻܳû֮ǰϽľΣȥԼҵ鷳ȥԽ鷳ֻҪܽԽλӢǱȻҲվסŵģԼҼŮˣŮȫվסţһˣʲôΪ
үүô죿
СΨϾˣϾ֮ǰҾͶ㣬ڣҶ飬ôˣ
Ψһ£еԥ֮˵ڶ飬鵽ģүүȫѾ֪ˡپǼļˣȫϾҪЩǲ̫ܵģΪ̫˱ǡ
أ
ŵż͸ѶԸˣ䲻ںڵȴֻȺڵϵĺӽƻϺ꣬·ǳСġҪҵŸﹴ֤ݣȴûóѣҲżŮֵ֣ǣżŮʱҲͻȻʧˣżǱʶʲôΣŮ͵طȥˡ
̾˿˵ûбˣ
ģҲûʲôˣǡ
ʲô
үү£Ҳ֪ûйϵҲ˵ΪһǰǩһЭ顣
Э飿
û
˵˵ǵû̫ϵĻǾֹ
ǹڵڹ˾ġ
ڹ˾
һߵŮ飬Ů˵ڹ˾ǳӷ統ԼݣǬ˵Ͽģ˵ӷĹϵǲܰٷ֮ٿ϶Ļǵڹ˾ӷĹϵǾܰٷ֮һĿ϶
ȻӷֱӵĹϵǾͲܷŹСΨ˵˵ڹ˾ô£
ǵˣ棬ڰ¥
Ŷʲô
ģһǰˣֲˣ֮Ҿͽӵ׳˽չˡһ涼һʮСʱı⣬ǵڹ˾ļ롣ڸղţ¥ͻȻһˣǸ˵ĵҵĹǰˣǻ˵ֲˣϾҪˡ
һˣʲôˣ
ԱߵŮ鲹С㣬ǲһһŮͶ󣿡
ǵģô֪
׳ѵǡ
ߣԩ·խѽ֮ǰйָԼҵŮڣû취ڣû˰ҽԺҾҪǽȥ
׳ɣǱ֤񡣡
áϸɱ֣ҪȽӵˣ
үүҪˣ֪Ǻܲġ
С㣬ģǵˣ֪ô£㲻ɹҲ׳κιϵġ


1869 
¥ĲڣϹҸѩڲϣһˣѾֲһˣѽѪͣȴڲ϶ȹһʱ䣬һ˷ѣԳӷһ˷ѣԼҲһ˷ѡ
죬ȻӷѾˣǾͱþһеֶΣѹԺӣٲǣҲ˵ǸδйսˣһҲ٣ӷ粻Ҫ򣬻Ҫռ䣬ΪռΨһİҪ쵽һУƾӷһǲģǰԮҪ˵ϲС
񷶦ӷĿǰã֪Ǹ᲻ʲôǸʱѹסôۣǷĴڣһһеķӷ޿κεġ
ڣӷֻϵΪȫµԪأΪϹҸѩˣϣѪԪأܽǶ˵ĽʽǸȻ
䲡ڣѪ⣬ѪⱻӷƵķǳãû˿й
ѪԪأѾϹҸѩڣӷҲǵһΣȥˣ˵ʵӷ粢ûоԵİգϾǲ񷶦ãҪ˭;˭Ҫ޸ʲô޸ʲô;ǻֲͬ鷳ġ
Ϊû˲񷶦Ҿʲôˡ죬ҲҪҲҪԼȥ޸ǵС棬ǵֱתȫµԪء
ӷЩˣڳӷ뿪֮һѾǿߵľ磬һӵС档
ϹҸѪĽ価ϣǵС滹ڣֻһǵСͺñȱӡ޷С棬𲻵κá
ӷֻҪȽǵĽϣǵĽͻԶǵС棬ǸʱǵС͵һŰֽҪȫµȥСڵ򣬳ӷҲԽԼȫԪأǵСڣǲѹС¼ͬʱǵΪҲһ¥
ʱһڳӷԺ
СӣѵͲнݾ㲻ߣƫƫҪԼ۵ĸԱ𿴣Ƕһ±Ĳ񷶦һѰɡ
Ȼǲģ֪ӷһһϾǳӷ࣬ӷһУ֪
ұ죬ûʲô¡
ӷǲˬȻ⼸ӵеһУ񷶦ĹͣⲢͿΪ
Сӣǿˡڿɲµʱˣĵˣڻĳ翿ʱȥĻǵʱһûָʲôȥڵĵ˶

һڳӷԺôۡ
Сӣжöٰɣ£ֻҪбڣʱȻְġ
ӷ磬ǱģΪʱҲλôٴοʱʱ㲻ᱻƣͬʱҲɣ㽫Զʧͽݣٴνռ䡣
ӷ磬˵ӦԴӱ۵һγֵڣһУɶڰģÿǿУ޷ʱǿۣܷ׻𡣡
ôۣ˵ϻ䲻ͬһʱȴǺǰĵһǿߡźһ֮ƣȴҲŵһ֮ƣ˭ס
Ҳ֪ҶһǺˣѵ飬Ͳ𡣡
㲻ͬҪռݳӷ壬ֻһ°ˡ
ͳͳұ죬ٸҳŲϰҵˣٽҵĹȫֲҿŸʲô
Ҫȥɵϵҽѧӷ˵£Ǻģֲֽ࣬ҽѧܰĵء
ãСӣݣɣ۾Ͳϻˣϣ㵽ʱ󱾵ۡ
ȻˣǱҲ˵ʲôˡСӣԼŰɡ
ӷ罫ѹһ£ϷһӣԳѪڲڣն
ǿ֮Դӿնӿӷ罫֮ԴõĿסֱڲȥ񷶦ˣڲһԳӷ϶Ϊܰ쵽
֮ԴѾʼˣӷ罥ϹҸѩڡ
ɾڹϵʱ̣ӷͻȻоɱ
ʲôⶼг¡ڹעһ£ˡ
ӷ˲
ڹվФߣ˵ＦǼФС㡣
ʲô𣿡
ФС㣬㲻ҪģСɫѣԸ


1870 ˣ壬Ѫ
ڹ治°ɣ
˵ǲµġ͡
ôϹǻΣգ
ӦǿҲӦõ˹ؼʱ̣˴ĻǹǲѲסˣ
ڹ˵һҲûӷϵΪڱϾھˣɱˣؼʱ̣˴ŵĻϹҸѩͻΣյġ
Фһÿ춼һϹҸѩϾФϹҵĽǳǴСһ浽ѣϹһȹФ˵˵ĸͬһ㡣
ϹұֲˣФյõϢǳģһ취ûУһҲҹⲻҽϹҶιȴκεĺת
ڳӷˣܾϹʱΪĳЩ˵ĹϵϹΣյĻФľŮˣῪʼɱġ
ڹôһҪſˣκ˽ȥ
ФСģ˺ɱѾˡ
ˢ
ֻڵǱߣ¥ݿڣͬʱ¥ľˣȫٶ֮죬ӦǹӶǾѵĹӶ
磬ǼȥǱߣȥ¥Ǳߡ
¥ڣݸ¥ݣط֮⣬طǽġ
ȻڹѾʱˣڹ˾ҲѾˣȻôôĲá
ＦҪҶһ¡
Ｆ˵ͷĺϢɢſڸס
Фֻоĺ䣬ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ĴＦ󣬲ȥǵĹҲǷԼ
ॡ
˭Ҳû뵽ɱ֣ûӵݽҲû¥ݽֱӴӴģ֮ǰĵֻΪڹǵעˡ
µɱֱ֣ӴӾҽԺϷֱ˲ǰĲ룬ǷѽЩɱ־Ȼ׳ƣɼҲͨˡ
ＦФС㣬Щһˡ
໡
һŭʹФһۿһµˣȻ֮䣬ȫŸı䣬ͷһͷȫļƤҲѾˣЩȻǡˡ
壡ЩһȻû⣬ܵǹɱˣҪ޻ء
ڹһΪ¥ݼĿռ䲻ҪʩչǺܲģԺڹǲԵˣӲ
ৡ
һ޴ĵֱӳＦȥ
ＦȻҪͬʱТФܵ˺ȻҲκ˽ȥҪҪﵽںܶ˵һǳѵ飬οԵĻǴ˵еˡ
ڣڹЩˣȫǳӷѡģ⼸־ѣڱһĿʱԼҲˣÿһ˵ǰҪǿĶ࣬ȻͨߣҪԸЩˣӦûġ
һǰ͸彻ˣֻû뵽еĳԱȻӶֹ
ڹѾأղŵĵ磬ֱʱڹſԭǵ磬˵צ
йĵڹ˾û뵽ǡ
һ˴ôһ˵ԣ͸ڹǴˡ
˹Ȼ㡣
ڹû뵽ɡһ꣬Ҳĵ£죬ұʱˣ
ǾҪûˡ
ڹٶȷǳ죬Ƿϵߣգۼ䣬Ѿ˵в֪ʲôʱһѴ̵ֱӴ˵ı˹ȥ
磬Сġ
һ˳˹Ｆȥֹϣڹ̵˷Ӧǳ죬㿪ڹĽʱȻһתФߣϣ¶ɭı飬˵ǵڹ˾ڱʱɴһ׸ѽӣŮ˵Ӧò򵥰ɡ
˹÷Ŵһ㣬ǮµģֻһĿ꣬ˣǲܶ
Ц˭Ҫֹ£ǵĵˡȻҪֹǣִ˸׸Ǿͱǰɡ

˹ˣһֻצֱץסФТɫʱɫʱͻȻФһ⣬ֻһֻͣФļϣֻһͣȻ˹ȫ飬צ֮ϣðѪѪͨФ·ֱӱֻ˹ȥ
Ѫ壡ûиңεУȻѪļ롣
СС壬ĵزȻšɡ
ž
ֻͣФϵ𣬾ȻһŮˣһӢŮˡ
ڹ˿ȴˬҲ̫˰ɡأ
ģҸϾ͵ˣЩСǣһ˾ܴ
˿ţ𣿡
һɾôҲˡ
˿ã׵¼ĳԱ
綼ûܹˡô˿Ͳɡ
һŮ˳ˣ⿴һŮԣѪĸо
Ŀʱѽ
¥û뵽¥׵¼ĳԱȻȫˡ
ҪϻȱФС㣬ЩСӾͽˡ


1871 ûôɵ
νĹӶǱӶǮµģǴĹɱˣܣֲж֮ģΪǮǿҪ
ڣйߣӢǱߵѪ壬ЩӶҲһ㶼η壬ˣȫһ׼չԵȫˡ
˿Ļʱ˷ֱվ˵ǰ󣬺ڹеıñ˿Фȫ˲ſڡ
ƴˣռ
˵ȫڷŵڶεı仯ÿһ˶ı֮ǰҪߴһͷֱӾͶ컨ϣۿҪڰ¥ھ¥һˡ
ϾͨҽԺЩ
ڹ󺰵ҪκηչĻᣬȫɱ
ڹƾǼˣټһ¥ˣһ׵¼ʲôáǵĿ꣬ˣЩһʶģȫҹ
ôĿ
ͻأڰ¥ֳһӢˣӢһʮ־ӢʽװһͷɫĶ̷һ˫Ѫɫྩ󣬻һ˫ɫ䲻󣬵ӶҲ൱
׵¼壬
ͷ˿ʼЩľţǵѪеĵһѪ壬Уεսۣûֳʤ
û뵽εУȻѪһǿߣȻˣҲûʲô˵ģְɡ
ãĿãѪֶˣټһ¥ӣεĿ꣬Ҳʲôͨ
ҲʶЩ˵ģ˵˹壬ѾˣҲʣǼΪ屣һѪĻϹ֪ڵˣǲģûǵֵ£ǻлһˣǱ˵ǵ壬ܲˡ
˹еˣ˽ģΪֽѪĵһǿߣǲȥ佱һ˵ģӲȥκˣѪ壬Ǹ߰Ĵڣɽ죬þȻȫ˹ȻҪˣǾ˵ˣݣ棬һһĴڡ
ѵǡ
˹ͻȻһ£Ǵŷǰ飬һΣԼеĵһ壬һй˼ˣңйִһر£˹Ȼ֪ǰǸִеʲô񣬵ȴ˵ǰйίĳ߹йأȴûгɹһйˣܵӢȥˣĵһ壬ɱ˸ȥģǰһ仰Ǿ仰ǡһߣԶ
ǰ飬Ǵһ弸ŵ¼ѵⲡڵй
˹ģʼǰǸˣǺ˵һҲûˣԼˣ޻صġ
ȻǰǴ¼йԽ죬ԽպϾҶӣҲҳӷ磬ͱܵӢȥˡӷ֪Լĸ˭Ȼ׵ķŹЩˣ䲻ҪȥӢɱˣǲġ
Ϊֹ弸ˣʣһַɢȫ粻ͬĵطе˹Ӷеǰ飬ÿһˣûǣҲ˵
˹һΣܵĳ嶯ε겻ˣȲ˵ڵǲǰǸйˣǰЩԼҲӦˡ
ãͿϣⵥ⣬Ƿˡ
ڹ˵˵˵߾ߣ㵱йʲôطˡͳͳɱˡ
ڹҪ֡Ѿûˣ¼Ҳպá
ҪǺá£ǾȻ
˹ڹ·ҲֻǷһƴˡ
ãȻҪսҲǡɡ

ʱ򣬲ڣһЦ
顭һţը˿ֻһӰӲڳֱӾͳ嵽˹ǰ
˹ȻԼĺϽˣһϢĸоؿӿ
ͷһ£һֻ֣һֱֻӴԼؿڴ˹ȥѪѪ֮ǰֻ֣Ѿջˡ
ȫŸճ̼ɱ˹ˣо̾Ϲҡ
ৡ
һ𣬲ڣֳһӰ
գ֮䣬һ˵ˣͷ뿪Ĳӣһ壬Ϊ֡
ѩ
ϹҸѩˣѹˣɿǳֵٶȣǰҪǿѽ
ֵܣɱ
ϹҴЦʵ
ӷӲ߳˵ţ˵ûţá
ãǾ°ɡ
ӷ˿һϹҵļ򣬸ûȥѾŵĲеˣ˵ֵܣˡ
ĵĻȻֵܣǾͱҷϻˡˣֻǵһǰӲǣʱҾͲ֪ˡţأ
Ƕܺã˭Ҳû¡֮ˣѾ
Ҳ˵Ӯˣˣ
ˣǿĵˣһıƽǻҪʱս׼ңĵˣɱȺҪǿ
ѩ˵Ȼ㣬Ǿû¹
ܺáȰһ£Щ˵ɱģɱҵģҪҸջͷ飬ûôɰɡ


1872 ƻʧ
¥飬ѾҾҽԺҽԺڵˣȫѾ룬Ϊ²̫ĺ䶯ƺҪһµģɲǾڤ磬ͨԲŵ鷢ͨ˾޷ȥˣָ鷳ҼһǱߵ鷳
ФѾ֪ͨ˹֣Ҳ˽¸ѹ취ȥ룬ӷ߿ûʱȥ¡
ʣˣѾＦǸˣˣȻôģҲá
ҾҽԺھֻʣ³ӷǼˣ¼ӷɲô򵥣Լջͷ飬󣬶¡
ڹһûʲôҵģ
ӷ˵ĵңǰɱ
ûУһֱûʲô£ǼһҲûȥϰ࣬ǹ˾ְԱڰµģΪ֪ϹݱȽرҲвٳˡ
ǾˣȻһ궼ûɱǣΪʲôһ˹ӶˡȻǵĿ꣬ϹҸѩӦҡ
㣡ⲻѽӣѾʧˣĳҶ࣬ô֪ģһ֪
ϾҪһˣ˵Ѳѣ˵ҲףֻҪ㹻߾Ϳˡ
㹻ߣǾҪ㹻һʱ֮䣬ͲҳģϾǶķԴأŵķԴأֻشڶǵڹ˾һġ
ӣʵ벻ʲô˻ջͶġ
ˣҵȷǲ٣֮ǰѾһӡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦղϾѧſڵǸҲһѽ
ӷ磬˵ģ𣿡
ʲô֣ûȤ֪£һǸүүйϵ⣬飬Ǽ֮⣬˭֪
ûˣ㣬֪飬ֻ֪סҪĲˣͲ֪ϹҸѩݡ
ûˣղŽǸʿأ
ѽڹͻȻһСʿ
ⲻܰɣǸСʿǵģҽԺҲ֪ʲôʲô֮ǰӸ˵µҪˣǸӦöصġ
Ф˵ûŻʿѾտϹһˣûгֹκβģÿϹҸѩŻʿĵĹıܣûиκ
Żʿղǲ˵ѧУǸѧҲţ
ǵģżҡ
żң
ӷһ£˵û
֪żңҰ칫ҲļͥϣżңǰǸԼΪеġ
ŶԼǵжԣǾ˼ˡСǸżңǲǵϵһɵģ
ô֪
ҸԼΪеģ˵ķϵһɺ󣬸ûбˡԴӷ󣬷ϵһҲ߽ˣǣһЩͱͶʩչжļһ
ӣ¿ɴСС˵Ǹżңܻڰи㻨Ӵ˵ܻϯġ
ڹҲǱٹԪ׵ģǹڵģǹģȻҲ̨ϵ淨ˡ
һǾǷģھǺúôţȴܵϾˣңܵģϾ֪һ뿴żңʲô
ӣȥһ¡
ˣֻҪ鵽ʲôطȥɡûͣ¹ͻȻż٣һ治ϰߡ
Ϲ˵ֵܣʲô
ӷûԣԾϹҸѩĶУȥ磬ţǻھǣҲ˶þͻȥġ緽棬үүᰲźһУѾ㹻ʵˣʱôǰɡ
ϹҸѩ˵ͷڿɲǴϾʱ򣬳ӷҲѾ˵ȺǿĵѹҲ˵Ǳսʱ̣ѾһˣҲöˡ
ͬʱϾĳѾϾҽԺΨܣҲѾˡ
ҽԺʵǴȥ˶˳ԼǵĻ˻
Ǽɵĺ£ĶЩʲôˣô׾ͱ˸ɵˡ
ǲˬĶֵ¼ʿ˵Աߣм
׳ε飬Ӧȸһ¡ݾߵġ
ôӱ˸ֻ䣬ѵҪСҲ𣿡
ǲУ˵СйϵĻǾε飬һᾪġ֪һôĴڣȻ˵ڲ˵⣬˵پǼǰѾٹˣڵĶֻصǰǹģ壬ĺһߵ֪Ƕǵˣǲʲôݣֱӷġ
һ£ʵе嶯ˣΪ£ԼңԼ⼸ļƻȫˣᱻԼҸˣ
˵ûȷǳ嶯˵㡣ڣûִ󣬶﷽Ӧò̫صġ
ԱŮ˵׳ȻǵʧˣȴԿ϶һ£
ʲô£
ү֮ˣԲ򵥡
ûɱɣȻǲˣ⻹˵
׳֪ģŷĹӶһ֧˹Ӷ
ʲô˹Ӷ
û֮䣬ϵˣǴԼ濪սʱǵģû뵽ǸպڣϺҾֱǹˡˣǵȼģȴȫʧˣɴ˿ɼү֮ˣ˶Ը˵ġ
ȻŭʲôȻˣЩˣ֪֪ǵģûǱԷץˣ鷳ʹˡ
㻹׳ģǲʹݵģյǮͰ£ҶʶҲû
ǾͺãֻҪ֪ʹģǾû׾Լҡ˶Ը˵Ҳûʲôֵģľǳӷ磬гӣֵмǿĸҲǺġ
׳ڸô죿
ȲҪȥСˣҪǶŶʲô
ǣȥ졣


1873 ĸŮ
Фҡ
Фҽˣһǳ˧꣬ФĸǿдФĸФںȴΪǵӣֻһԿֽ͵˧һ仰˵
ֵĺܲڣʱʱĿФںҪ˵ȴФں飬յߵĻ˻ȥ
ｫФںеıֽߣФô˵СҲǵλǸѽǼͣΪ쵼ģǲǸ˵Ļ
Фں̾˿ʵ꣬ѾһˣԼҵģ컹ͷһء
ţСϵĹܺãúñ֣ǰ;޿ġ
лФֳĹһŬġ
ҿʱҲˣСӦڼӰࡣСϣȻȥɡ
ô˵ġФΪСϵ쵼ͿˣҸСϵͬѧǼͣһˬӣôѵ㻹뿴Ůȥ𡣡
ŮˣôÿζѵܵĽѵ𡣡
ʱֲͬˣǸ˲Ѿ
졣
ФںǺڼ﷢Ƣģ죬һ䡰족һ͵СϣҲһ
ڵλФںǽֵĵһ֣ɶֶǷǳеģûֳ̬ȡ
ѵλФֳϲԼͬԼŮ
ФôпڣҲҵѽ죬һҪСҲϴСˣҵʣôġ
С˵̣ҿҲˣһȻȥɡ
£ڣϼһﲻҶôġ
䣬Ŵ򿪣Фˡ
СϼФЦСˡ
裬еۣԷˣȻطȥ
һ¡
𣿡
㿴Сˡ㻹ǵСϰɣ
ŶǵģǰֵλģҺüȥֶ档
ǾͺãȻʶҲͲˡ˶ġ
ʲôҽĺˣȻطȥ⼸ҲѾˣܲڼ
ʲô㲻ڼңʲô˼
ǡ
Сˣǹİɡ
ǹϵ£ģ£˰ɡ
С⺢ӣô˵ġ˼СϿǴѽֵĵ֣ǰ;޵ģһĻһһμѻ
ФһЦû뵽⼸꣬Լĸ׻һҲû䡣ҲܹΪеϾΪԼŮҸǰԼŮţֻͬѧĶӣѾܺõˡ
ûǴĻӦýϰɣ
ǵġСФС㣬ҡ
ϸФҲǺ죬СƺԵеˣ̸ĿڽФС㡣
˵Ǻܱģ֪ô

ͻȻôһ仰˭е֡
˵Сʲôѽģô˵ֻء
裬Ӧúˡ
ҵȻ֪ǸѶѾʧˣ˵ģǻû֪ѵҪһ𡣡
Ф˵ô㣬׷ҵĻǾҪþԵ׼ѧʱһʦѧſ鷳ѧһֻ䡣
ФĻ棬֪ФʲôݣФˣܻκ˶ֵġ
ФС㣬֪֮仹죬ֻҪദˣ֪һֵи˵ġ
֪Ǹˣ㣬Ұǵλ˶˵ɾΪǸˣҲŲ뺦㡣ǼҵϢûȥ֮ǰ߰ɣȻ˵ǹĻġ
ˣ˵ͻȻˡ
ûȥţûˣԶ㡣
ŶѵҴطˣФѾطȥ𡣡
Фһɫһ࣬˵ϽӺߡ
ʲôѽų
Һ£ǸͬѧĶӻ¡߰ɣΪӷˡ
ʲô粻ģҡ˵ʲô
˵ӷˣҽŸ棬˾棬㲻鷳ĻӿߣҿɲӷǼ˸ˡ
ӷһôˣģǿǸȴһаˣҲޱȣȫ磬ӷԵˣ˵ȫ˼ˡ
Фںվ˵Ҫ˼ҳֲϻ˵ġСȥŰɡ
֣첻һӷ鲻̫á˵ʵɣӷջ˰ɱڻûҵɱˣԡ
ɱ
Ͼ͸һⶼʲôˣᣬȻаɱЦİɣ
Фںһ£˵ó֪ǹģˡ˵ˣԳӵı£һˣ᲻֪ȥŰɣųҲǸСˡ
Ф˵ͷںܶʱ򣬳ӷ治ǸСˣһСɫݲµģԼ̫ˡ
Ŵ򿪣ӷ磬̸ֳǰ֣ɫҲŵĲ԰
ԹֻŮ¼ĸģĸŮǼ¡
㲻ǻȥôˣФǰʵ
һ£ûˣλ϶Ҫ㸸ĸкģȻǻΪѾء
Цһ˵ʵȷ뽫Ů˺ţɷ磬ĸţǱȳҸԼĽŵģûСӷǵһӣҲһλ̫үס
ӣþûˡ
ӷЦѽˣڹʱ䣬ʲô¶ûܣʲôҲûʹںܶʱ򣬴ˣΪѾˡ
ӣǧᣬҸղŲ˼
ŶФ˸ղ˵𣿡
ңҡ
ˡӷ磬Ȼˣɡ


1874 ֮ͨĽ
ӣʲôʱϾģҲСȸǶ˵һѽҺΪӷġ
һĻ죬һǰڸФУһӺת˳ӷ硣
ǲ뾪ңлҲû̫ˣСұ֪
ӷʵڲ˵̫࣬Фĸ׵Ļǰӷͺúýѵˡ
ǸǸӣһûԷɡȥȻˣǼҳԶٱ㷹ɡᱫЩûļ׼Եҳ㷹ɡ
תȥһͷĺųġ
ӷҲû˵ʲôϣںǲڣڶû״Լģڷ飬һٺõˣʵˣϸܲġ
ФںҲ˼ѽ֮ǰѾˣߣڳӷˣ֮䣬϶ҪֳìܵģֻϣϱȽ϶£ҲҪ֪ߵغΪٶȴҪӷ̫үо֪ӷĸףЩһĶͷ˾
ӣ֪궼æʲôСǵ˺ܾˣûϵģ
ӷЦФֳͲҪʲôˣܲġֱӵ㣬ҳӷɡ
ǺãǼСĸܺãûֹ⡣ҲպһСҸģͲˡ
˵ʵФҸǰӷؿڱ֤磬ӷ治κγŵˣΪӷ粢ܱ֤İȫ̸ֺȥҸء
ֻǿһЦФҲ˳ӷѴ֪ӷԲڹģôˣǼŮڣôûһϵϳӷ硣
ʵҲ֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
ӷܸܲФԼǰȥһԶĺ֮˵±͵һɣ˵ĻȲ˵ФŲţˣһѳӷ統ɾ˴

ӷװһܿӣ˵Ұ֣Ҫǰݣûӹܼҵһˣѵҡ궼ҼҵҵѧϰҵϵĶˣҰҲκ˸ȡϵС֪ģҰǸˣ˵һ飬үүҾŹùöı䲻ˡ
ԭȻǳ飬ȷû˿Ըı䡣һɣ
Ҳ̸ʲô࣬ӳ֮⣬滹ǲġ
ֻѧҵϵĶûѧģ
ФͨǼŮˣȫ˽˳ǿɲһͨģҲ⣬ģǡɱˡ
ʮǰĻķ粨ʮǰ޷籩ЩФѾˣФȽϵģĳӷҪ̳гҵҵ۹֮⣬Ҫ̳ЩĶҲܹФ룬Ͼļ壬󲻵ǳڴҵ˱˵ˣ涼û
Ȼûˣ⣬һѧʲô
˵棡
ФָĹӦǶ顣
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ʲôһѾ֪ˡЩ£Ҷûôˣ궼پڹܡ֪ģپǼǰңһڣǾͳ⡣λѾٺһУߣҲκġ
㻹Ҫߣ
Ф֪ӷ粻һϾ֮ˣ綼뿪ģֻҪһ׼ˡ
ţӦÿγ̻ûѧ꣬Ҫȥˡ
ǡ
Фں̲廰ģȥ
ФںʶȤ뿪ˣʣһϣԵĸӲڣΪӸùһ㣬ϷǳվҪӷ֡
ںܵķ棬ӷ綼һܶòˣ˲ңҲˣȻԼ֣ҲȲʲôˣòȣҪõġ
ãҽϣڽֹ
á
ӷֻ֣ʺãûԼ֣ҲûǸ롣
ղ˵Ӧİɣ
ǰɡ
ãҲС⣬˼ҳУⷽϣǿԽһ¡
ǻ潻ˡ
Ŷң
λˣΪѧ֪кܴԡ
һӵʲô˲ġ㿴˵ͬʱҲ㡣
ˣҲǸ˼ֻǡ
ФС㣬ϾѧĸУˣӦǺòģû뵽ʶָӵܡ
Фһʱ䶼֪˵ʲôӷûòˣ֣ҲʺˣѾǺܸˣǰ˵֣ӽĻᶼûУͻᱻܶ˸档
ȻλҪһ£Ǿͽһ°ɡҳĻЦ
ﻹһ㣬ʵӷҲĳϲʲôˣֻ˼¡ˡ
֪Ǽҵ⣬һ׬Ǯ
һ治֪
֪ðɣ˵ɡһ׬һ飬ôã
ӷԥףͣƷ

϶ʱˣ֪ôȥ
׬ǮǮǮȻȥЩ
׬ǮȫЩʲôȥ׬Ǯ
Щбرѽҿɲ뱻
ۡ
Фպһڲûһ
ʵҾãŮˣͲӦ湤湤ģӦ˲Ŷԡ׬Ǯ˵ְŮ˰˻ǮŮ˵Ȩ
ΪʲôŮ˾Ͳܹӷʵ
ҸŮҪģûκγеҸǲҸ
Ŷԭҽ֪ԭһԷޣҪһ۵İһʣһĴһʳǣҸԭ˵ְŮ˵ģԭŮ˵Ȩĥ˵ġ˵ǲǵһ۵ĽҽԺӣӦʵĻǮ·أ
һʵԼͲ˼ɱӷһ˵˼ȫˡ
ҵ˼˵һԷޣӦһڣһ⣬Щ
ţܶŮˣģҳϡȻСϾѧĸУ룬ӦòİɡνŮǿˣ⣬ǱȺܶŮ˶ҪǿƵһȺ壬ʵϣŮڹϵǿֻΪպõˣܶʱ͸һʲôͻģһٴˣòӵĻҲĺܱġ˵Ů˾ӦۻĹֻΪ˲һһˣǵΣʱ򣬾ͻʧȥһеǸж˵Լߵˣܲ
Фںƣǽ⾭ô̸ֱŮˣѽҲ֮ͨһֽʽɣӷַܽʽ֮ڣҲһˣٲҪΪȥģ


1875 Ǳ
ڵФںֻ͵ģɲɵӣģڳӷˣܲмڣҸطȱܱܷͷܱҪǿ
Ф˵λӸʲô겻֣ҸմСӻͳˣⲻڿ𡣡
Ҹ˵ٴˣС鲻Ҫȥܣѵ㵽ڻˣԴСʶӷ֮һѾעˡң֪У˭ܱȵϳӷģͬʱһƶĻ³ϾѧǶʱĵû֪ģô꣬ûڶĽɫ
̾˿˵ǳɫɳɫˣҲŲõĵطˣλӵݸǳҸԼҵļ̳ô򵥡
ФںһȻӷıģֻΪĻǳӷ޿޵ģӷȴԼ·ԼһҵӷҵУһ룬ȴǼĹġ
һţڵżķǳãֳΪŵһҷţδҵ磬ͷĴڡڶʵӷЩ˶ûôȥŵ¶̫á
ɺڰʼǺڰѽǼС޸λӣǳΪһڰˣĺڰ
ܼ޹ȥ˵ɣֻСûǸѽ
㲻ңһˡλӿһλʽδѽ˵ǵõ˳үӵϿɡ
㲻زţЩ飬ǲ֪ġ
ʲôλӵҲ֪
ʵԼҷϿɵϱƼҵλС㣬ǾĽݼĴС㡣
Ľݼ壿
ûĽүӵݣغĽݼҸԼңĹϵ׳һֱŰĽС㣬ܶ˶˵ĽС㣬ԼϿɵϱ׳Ͽɵϱ
һû˵һʲôĽС㡣ǾĽүӣһ˵ġ
Ҿ˵ɡϾĹֹŽĽݴСˣϾθǰεļ쵼ӣȫĽݴСİס
һ£ʵһ˵ҵˡ˵λĽݴС㣬òǰϾгλɣ
ûѾ룬ΪĹ쵼֮һ
ԹԣλӵôѽһڵĴСͲǼСӦˣֶһġ
֮˵ңҲнģòҪȥܣ֮⡣
ųӷ飬ڿڣѾȥˣվųӷ磬ǲȴûвˬ˵̹ˣǸ˲ţϣǿԳΪѡ
˵Ѻ٣ܶһѣҲܿġ
ǺãǾ˵ˣФСһԶٷɡ
飬֪ôӷھԲȥӦκʲô£Լ˻ˡ
ԺлĻһԷȾơҪҪ졣ȻСԸһԷһǲᷴԵġ
ϿЦһԭӷ粢ǸСѽ
Ҳٶ˵ʲôϸФں޴кȻˣӷҲߺ󣬽ӵ˺ڹĵ绰
绰ݣȻҵĳЩ˵ŴӷҲҪȥһǼ£ϾϾʱ䲻̫ãҲû˿Կ϶½ʲôʱ򵽴򸽽
СڹѾҵˣҪȥһ¡
ԼСһ㡣ˣʲôʱߣ
ɣʵλҪǿģȻĺܺãҲͷˡ
Ҫ߶ã
֪һ˳Ļܿ죬˳Ļ
Ļӷûж˵ФҲףãǾһӵˡ
ȻѾ϶һˣǾһӣФҲĸԸȥȴܶʱ򲢲һʹ࣬һҸΪڵȴУ֣ᷢԼԽԽԷˣФġȻҲеŮ˶Ф֮٣˵ר飬Ҳ˵ɵ
ӣⷹˣҪ𣿡
Фˣе㼱ҪСٽչһʱˣ´λʱһһġ
ŵǶԳӷ粢ϲ˵ģҲҪǾͲһˣҲĳŵûκιϵ˵ǸФһŵһᾡһеŻġ
ϾڹѾһغˣӷ絽ʱڹ˵һ顣
Ȼôˣң˾Ͼ֮⣬ˣǰȫǷϵһɵģλһסЩһۼʲô
ӣҪҪֱӽȥȫץʣ
ˣȥæİɣ飬
ӷһֲõĸоˣԼģԼջصϾԼǰĳУҲ֪ô֪ģΪ˷ұ𣿻ʲôԼ벻ıһУҪǱ˵֪


1876 Ʒ
׳ǱжˣһǴ󶯾
Ůʮصֵʮּæӡ
ǼһֱڱڣΪʱѾ¶ݣϾѾ֪ԼĵϾ˼棬ضܶµģϾ鶫ģӶȥԸԼңɲ;κ⣬κϸϵĴ󣬶εļƻʧܣһʧܣǱ˵ΪұˣԼżˣܵǣԼǰݣ򣬳ҷὫԼżңиԼһնɱԣܣӲҸϾκ˼档
Ů˵ѾжˣʹǼϼһȫ˷ŶεĶԼļƻ
˵ʲô󶯾
׳ｫ֮ڣڲĴϴơȥһµλ
ʲôȻҪһԽȫ
ǵġ
Ϣ׼׼ȷ
ǧȷģ¶Ѿˣȫĺڰﶼ˶ڲʱֽţֻҪڲһң⣬Ƕڸڰ˵һδõᡣ
ȷڵйĶΪףǰĺֵʲôڵ壬ҸŸɣ˵͵ĺڵͷֻҪһ⣬ǲܶķĺڰģҲᶫɽ
ܺãô⣬Ǳͷϴ󣬾һֻ֡ҪץסӷǶͷ֤ݣԽ첻̨
׳ڸô
ʱˣʱټǵˣԶһδɨˣҲεĴɨӷ
ټˣ˼˵ҪϵһɵȫҳЩˣڶʮǰѾɱʣµһЩǵϵһɣֱӸϵһϵ˭ܱ֤Щϵһϵģϵһɵģ״һôô뷨˵ЩĻұĻΣõĻᣬֻҪϵȫټôͿԽһȫϢģЩˣȫϢԼҷ棬һеϰʱҲԲ˻ԼҵģΪЩУѾкܶ࣬ϵһɵˣԼǲᶯǵģֻԼĳҲŻᶯϵһɵ֪˵ʲôҲԲ˵ġ
ѾǱĳӷѽԼʱ򣬲Ȼ治֪ᷢʲô¡˵֪ǳӷˣЩһﵽףպþӷǹˡ
ȻҪ棬Σķ粨ɣйĹٳʮķƽ˾Ҳʱ򶯶ˣʱˣɾͲҪҳӷ磬ΪһУԼҵġ
ߺߣҰֵɱ٣ұɱ١
ûҪȻѾ֪ҪʲôǳӷҲͿȥԼˡ
ǲҪ𣬲ҪԶ飬ĸ׸̨ǺãҾЩˣֱڶҵңڶܲҵҡ
ڲ⣬ӷջصʱҲ˵˼䣬֮پǴģθҲһپǼ⣬ȻˣǾͽƾͼưɣЩΪұļһɱɱͲɱһνҰղ紵ЩΪұˣǵļˣǵ޳ȥŮˣЩŮ˵ŮͳͳҪɱһˣԼ⣬ʲôֶ֪Ρ
뿪˱ӷϾһ绰پپǼҲصϾǻһǵ˵ģ֮˭Ҳ֪ܻܲŻҲһθԼ˼˰ɡ
ʲôط
ȫϾ
ǲҪԶڲϴ
ǵġΪǶûܶ£¶˵ǻûʱܶ٣Ҫܷĵ뿪
ţǰĺܺãζ飬Դ̷Ϣȥ˵Ĵʼˣε飬Ҫȫڵ֪
پʵڸ½ս֮ǰһµ磿
ûǺڵа׵ҵ棬ΣȫҪ١
ͣһ£ӷ粻ɵĿЦһһķ粨ȻѾһΣǾͲ÷ڶˡһ޷粨ȻһΣҲͲ÷ڶˡ
֪ͨż֮ڣҪйϾһҵᣬҪȫľӢȫμӣңⳡ͵ҵӢᣬҪڲͬһʱ䣬ͬһصС
پûжʲôӷ˵ʲôʲôȥ졣
ѵ绰Ҷϣӷ̾˿˵λ뿴ЩѵģɼȻ鷳Ҿͽⳡ鷳ˡҳңûӹţҪ㣬͸һưɡ


1877 
ŵĹ˵һҲѷɫĳԶɽۣҵİŮǽŴķǳãһȵҵֻ֮£Ҳ̳˳Զɽ۵ַֻϲӴļţȴͲȥһҵ۹١ȻŵĲȫһ֪ģֻνȴмһˣҲȥκһļŽбȽϣǮǮɣΪʲôҪһλá
ţҵļģⲢ˾룬Ϊ˽Ÿ壬ıڽţʹδֹͣǳӦĺãǰӷ뿪ʱѾŵȫˣƳҲӦġ
죬ҵ磬յһϢϢģŵһΣҪٰһ͵ҵʢᣬȫҵӢǱǰţ˹ŸţǸҵţȫܵ룬֮ڣЩ̳ϵ羫ӢӣۼйϾμⳡ͵ҵʢ磬κһȱϯǲڴϣҪ뾡һа취ϹȥΪⲻǴݸλͬʱܿθʢĿġ
̳ϴģֵܼڲģȻǶĴڣһɵϣʮżʮ飬θˣǰһвɸ˵ܣץסεĻᣬǾпܽŸ壬Ѿкܶ༯ţ˹ŸģѾһߣ׼ڵʱҵʢϣһ
ͬʱںڵϣҲһ˵ϢڰͷĶҲ֮йϾһڵʢ磬ȫڰͷĿμӣ͵ĺڵʢϣҲȫڵ棬һڲĴϴڸڰ˵ҲǸõĻᣬÿһᣬڶ﷢ڲʱͬʱ֣һлὫġ
飬Ĵ£ǾȫĴ£ȴͬһʱ䣬ͬһصУʹϾѹʹˡ
˵ǴѽҪ취ʲôµĻЩˣɶûˡ
ڣϾеĹԱȫۼһһһȥģԵ߹ٵĻͺñһа㡣
ˣҾһô
εϾίǣʡίǣݸе쵼ӣȫüͷ
ҿ뷽ǻҪ֪ȴһ仰ûУ治֪뷽ôġ
οţȫۼˣȫҵϵľӢˣЩˣȫҪѽϾ뷽û´κҲҪЩ˵İȫһʲô⣬ЩˣͶøˡ
ҪЩҵӢûʲôģϾ棬Ӧȫáڵǣǰ֮ڽϾģɲЩҵӢѽȫĺڰӣһɱ˲գ۵Ľɫۼͬһط˭ܱ֤ᷢʲôġ
һһţô͸㵽һȥء
ǣǲǸ㵽һ黹ôɣһҪʲôҵʢ磬һҪʲôڵʢ硣
ҿ뷽ϵһ°ɣɲҪʱʲô⣬뷽滹ûǰ㱨ġ
һˣûһ˵ھǣҲĻ̻ѽ
׳֪ε飬ǲʲôĻ
Ǽˣڣһ֪׷ʲô¡ˣûһ˵ģ˶֪ŻǶϰ壬ǳӷ硣
ӷҲ֪ʲôһ͸ôĶҿһȥһϾɣɲҪֳʲôʰĴ³
ȲҪ̫࣬ҲֻһɺϣŸ֪ӷˣҪΪӷء
ǽӷĻбҪȫ綼֪ˡҹţʡǱߣѾĸȹϵһˣ뾡һа취ϵ룬Ҫߵõָ׳ȴһ绰ӣ治֪ôġ
Խ˿ڲ裬һԱߵӢۣʵԽ£ʲô
Ҫ˵Ļ£ͲܿƵסġȲ˵ЩҵϵľӢǹңһҪǵϱȥӴȴûͨǾ͹ˣԣֱйںڵ棬Ȼֱܹһ뾡һа취ܿǵߵϾģû´ĻڵϾĸڰѾвˣļڰѾˡ
Ӣ۶˶٣˵Ȼ̳ڵŴϢŰŵǹңҲСѽֱˣϾŰŵĽӴǡֻҪǲ£Ǿͺ˵ǸǹֳһĻǲε˭ģӷ磬˾˵ģҲŹ
Խ˵ͷ˵ǺãԽξֻһˡ
ģҲЩģǵĹҪǵĹءǹҷµ˼ƽѾ㲻ˣҾҪ޻ء


1878 Ӣ
ܲһʼʱ򣬳ӷͽܲһնڣʱûб䶯
Σǳӷص򣬵һܲپǼҲΪǵˣ죬ͳͳۼڴˣĵһԱȫˡ
겻ӷλû˿ĸı䣬˭ĳûиı䣬ֻǱûʲôıѣģҪǰܶ࣬Ѿһλˡ
ˣû뵽һлصǵ꣬ҳˣҲûʧ
£·Ŀδй뿪
پ˵ȻڣǴδĴڣҲڵȴĹǻˣ磬Ҳ˺ܴĸı䣬ô䣬ǵľǵĶ
һˡǶæŸԿûʱȥԴһ󣬾ͼһʶĶһУıˡ
ǵĴ
ûһжҵĴǿһЩĻͲҪ뿪ġûϵȻѾˣȻǶԸǿĵˣǵĺܣЩǿĺܣҪõõı
ӷ˵ĺܣһپǵˣӷԼˣЩˣҪõõı½ս֮ǰӷҪвȫ½Ľս֮ȥռ䣬ӷŲк֮ǡ
һжİţǾԲһüͷġ
ʵڣϵһԱپǣѾǺڵôˣҲ֪ٴεİȫ԰ҲȥЩ£ȴ˵ڣܸԼˣܸͨκˣƽЩˣ֪ڣƽǣҲǶĵһԱûʽܲȫţܲڵģֻپһͷս
ǧֹ磬׼Ÿ½ĽսǣڣҲҪȥˣ֮ǰͨвˣͳͳҪ
˶٣ӷٴ˵ҪһȥңǸɱ֮ģԣҲεİ취ˣȫۼһֻҪǶǾͽʡǲٵʱ䡣λ׼ûУ
׼ˡ
ãǴڿʼ׼չͨеһɱ¾ɣιǵɱ¾ŵƽ̨ȥ
֩ӵһ绰Գӷ˵õˣȫѾˡ
ŶڵڵЩʲôʸвǶģ
ǰֻ࣬ǰЩģµļ̳ȥˣųǷ档
Ƿ棬Ǹؼ壬ѾӷˣͲκεΪ
¹Ӣ˹вġͬʱǸʣӡȣ¹ĽӴʣģǸ¹ṩƷһҪƷ⼸һֱǶҲڰһֱǶо
Ȼˣеļôģ
ȫһֻ۱һֻۣʲô
ܺãȻˣ£ֽɡ֩룬֪ͨȥڵʢ磬ڽ賿ʼУصǣϾƵꡣ
ǣ
⣬֪ͨżȫϾ£̫ˣӦҵǱߣʲô˹ţʲôţǵǰѾˣرǸţǰŵĸ߲㣬ȻѾҳˣû˿Ա֤ûаĵơ
ǣȥ졣
ܲߣӷѾڰŽϵһˣֻҪЩȫվǾͿһԽǲ
ʮǰǶʮǰǳԶɽǳۣǴӸֵģӷһΣеĵˣȫվԼǰԼһ£Ҫ٣͸١
پȫͷȥˣΪ˳ӷһеĺ֮ǣΣҲͨУɱ䣬ҲͨУһδɱ䡣
Ͼ
ӢѾӾǸ˹
ӭӡ
磬ԴϴεĴѾдû˰ɣ
Ӣ۵ȻûȥҽΣΪҪһӼסԼôȳġ
ˣҲѾûϾˣУ˵˼ܵĿࡣ
磬˼׵ıַǳãٹһʱ䣬ҪˣȻ⻹ҪֲС
ճߣҲΪҵŮõչˡ
ԼҵŮˣһǽüѽȻ֪
ˣ˵°ɡӷʲôط
һΡ
û˸
磬ͱ˵Ц˺𡣳ܸס𡣲ε飬һɸżйء
żң˵
û
ǰʱ˵ҪȥӲ칤Ҳû˵ʲôô˵Ͼˣ
ǵġûǾӲ칤Ͼ飬һͨӲ֪ġ
Ŷô£˵˵
ֽǰϾѧſڷ˵һ飬Ӣеƣ˵ʲôʱϾѧģ
ڰǰתģǰڱ󡣡
ˣϼһʲôƽƨţͻȻϾ͸ӷϾˡ
磬ҿ²ѽͻȻϾ˵ڶԶе飬ʱôһ˵Ǿȫ̽ڵ
ţ֪ˣ±ҪϾĿĵĻĿģܾΪ˶ԸԼңϾǰǷϵһɵģڷҵ̨ʵǸ˾ʲôܡ
˶
ãȻӷ棬ӷȻᶢģңţӦû֪ӷݣ󵨵ȥ鶫ǻǰǵĹðɣȫĺڵӣҵӢȫϾȥЩҵӢǲҪĻڰбǹ˵κ˺ںڵ棬ֻҪǲҲһֻ۱һֻۣʲô֪ɡ
ã֪ôˡ
оǣʡ˵һǱƽĹþˡϾڻ֪ӷĿġ


1879 ʹ
ϾƵ꣬һ˽оƵ꣬Ҳ˵һҵľƵ֮һ
ңϾľƵҵӣǰȫľƵҵӣʱ䣬ϾңѾչȫԵľƵҵҴСС̳ҵ󣬼ϴҵۺʹй̳ϣֻţͬҲõŵıӣӺܶ෽˵һţѾµһӹ˾ˣŻֵĻǾעҪȻ
Сܲչ̨壬̨壬С˵㣬˵һԲ˸˵̨Ĺٳ̳ǺڵСģϾǳҵңܶʱСôȥڵϵ飬ģڵҵת䣬ڣ̨ڵѾΪ˰̳⣬ɱɱ
ȥˣ죬ѾкܶǣСϾҵĳԱˣС̨ˣС꣬ҲٻعϾĸףѾݣĴɽҲѾԿʱ䣬죬ûϾƴţǼ׼ųΪĳǿ֮¡
ܲãλϾҪμҵʢ磬Ǻڵʢ磿
СеֲԼڸǲμһʢˣվ̨ڵϣվڶλϣСǶפ̨̳ϣСһݡ
ȿɣڻ֪ǼһôģջصϾż˵
ǣܲá
ˣҴûй
ûУӸƴǼû¶棬ûй
ˣǼһﶼˣҴǾȻ¶棬ѵҪ𡣶ûҴˣ̳ģǰҲ֪ʲôطȥˣǣһ˵
ܲãѾϾƵˣȫҵӢڵȫѾۼڽȥǹٽȥ
ϾƵ꣬Ǽҿİɣ
ǵģܲá
ȻˣЩǿˣȻҪõ֮꣬ñ˵ǰл
˳СϾƵ꣬ſڣƵľѾڵȴˡ
ܲãѾûˣǻμʢİɣ
С˵ͷʵôˣ
඼ѾˡܲãǾƵ긽ܶӸڶš
û£ǺģͲˡ
Ϊ飬Ӱ쵽ǾƵѽ
ģȻǶûƵ꣬ӦϾŵʢ˭ģӦи
˭ʢ磬ϿһŵĳһǶپϢȫҵڵġʵϣм֪ʢ磬ͬһ˸ġ
ƵڣкܶҵϵڵϵﶼǺܶˣû¥ǶڵȴʲôƵģԵĸҫۣǲǺڵϵģҵϵģԱЩڵϵȴ˺أɴ˿ɼĳЩ˵ʢ磬ʵѾΪһˡ
ǸŮˣй̨СϾһҵңǶһͬʱҲƹ̨ҵ磬ǳڵһ𣬾ƵҵѾչȫ硣
˾ۼһĵطһ˵͵ˣһ˽С
Сɽá
˿ƵѪͳ޷϶ңһ˹ż̳ˣɽ
үǸɽһͷʮֵ£飬ȴûֻ֪˵ɱˣɱĶЩʲôˣҲû֪
ɽһɫװƣȫģֻݵˣʸ񴩡
ȲǸɽ˶С
үһСѾͷбҪ𣿡
ϣ˭Ǹ½оģмŮʸ񱻶صġС߶汸㣬˵ǲǸСѾͷ
˵˵ͷûж˵ʲôֱ˶סСӢ˵ģСڳ
ˣǱߵ˵ûУ
үŵ˻û
Ŷ˼ˡԴŵĿĦ˼˵ɼѡһ̳ˣǸĦɼǸ̳ˣҪ̳ŵǼһڶû¶档
ɼ廹ΪĦ鹢ڻǰĦ˼ŵĸ߲㣬±ع߲ʧˣţĦҲ˼ˣԣŸĹţɼ壬ȴһ취ûС
ҵ飬ǲҪܡߣǼɼʲô뷨ҲˣΪУǻҪһԼķһ㲻ʲô
ʱ򣬾ƵһŲɽ뿪ܹ˵үŵĳپѾˡ
ܺãϷϾҪˡߣȥǴк


1880 ǰʢ
ֻپǰϾƵ꣬˲ûдк໥֮Ҳװɲʶӡ
ڳż⻹һŮˣһŮˣŮ˿ɲ򵥣Ȼкܶ˲ʶɽǾʶŮ˵ģ˵ʶҲͨĳЩŮˣһ糬ƷŮˣڳ۵ߣǰҸͬʱʧٺһֱȻνĸ棬ʵһֱǳ뿪֮ǰģҲʮ־ĵı
֪жٴεİɱȫˣ˵ʵӷǶڣûȸֵı֪˶ٴ˶پ˾ͱȽ϶࣬ǼȫˣжһĺĳԱҲѾˣ˵εʢ磬һοǰʢ磬ȫеĲƷеĺڵϴȫۼ˭طʱη
ɽѾˣ߲Զһ˵ͷһɫװ߻вٵ£һ֪Ǻڵ
ԣ˹ţѾĳڵһ𣬽ϣǱضжġ
Ȼڴһ棬ҲһˣЩйˣȴڶĳԱȴû˻ȥѯǵݣΪֳ£ʢ޹صˣûģɼȻЩˣȻǵĿġ
֪ͨ׳Ѿˡ
ȲҪڳӷû֮ǰǾ͵ʢļαʲôҪܰɣܴᷢʲô£ǹڣǵֻץסӷǶ֤ݡ
ЩˣȻģͬʱϾƵ棬ҲѾǰϵһɵˣЩȫӵĵ绰ܹμεļƻġ
˶ѾˣǱߵ⣬ûκһȱϯġ
Сǰǰ˵Ŀѽ
ⲻǼеҪ˵ʵβΪҸµҲŲܹˡ
أ
Ҫң޷ش㡣ǶҪ׼
Ϊʲô֪ǼһʢĿģ
ʱ֪Ȼҵڵۼһز򵥰ɡ
顭һ˴ꡣ
ҲǰǸСѾͷˣ̳֮սѾȫ̳ϣһλŮ
ˣ
ѽһתۣһڹȥˣ졣
죬һ˸е¶ӣͬʱҲһĺӡ
ɵһЦ£ֲûˣҲϰˡ
ż˵ŮͲŮ
СϢ湻ͨģ̨壬շõ֪ˡ
ˣ
ҲͦġѾͷأ
һѾͷˣûֹҲ˵ʲô
һ뿴ŮСѽ㡣
˵ѾͷƢ̫ãӦ֪
ƢãǼһŮˣһ£·ϣҺ񿴵Ѿͷˡ
˵ʲô㿴ˣеԾҲĻ治֪ᷢʲô¡
ͻӦòۻ軨
ʲôطôһһСѾͷ·ô죿
··ɣ˹Ļǹ˾Ҫݷˡ
ܲãʱˣӦȥˡ
˫һɨ˵ҪСģɱ
µˡԵĻͲҪ˰ɡ
ţôŰɣûȿɡ
ⳡҵʢľٰˣȻѾˣȻҪ˵仰
λ
ڳҵӢһºãǱġ
ܲúá
ãҺáȻѾˣǾͲÿˣȥɣεʢʮ¥
ҲڳκˣֱӾͽ˵ݣһȥģżС棬ڳĵݵʮ¥֮ǰ˭ܶ
ӿ湻ġ
ɽǱߵ˺ǲˬ
ܲãܲ𡣲Ѿͷֶλ治һ㣬䲻ԶɽλҵԼһףţҲ˷ǳõЧ
үȥǣ
Ȼˣѵȥ𡣷ģһжѾ׼ˣӦòʲôġ
̳ϵˣȫѾʮ¥ڸֵپˡ
λһǶĵһսִɣ
һܹʱͱƽǼסˡ
Ҫᣬǡ
˭ҲĹİģʢûʼ֮ǰ˭ܽӽǶＸλϴ󣬷ɱ
ڵɲ̳ɱɱǼҳ㷹
Щ˺ڶΪҲֻһˡ
ʲôˣʮ¥
ʮ¥Ǳһʲôѽ
Уʲôһ죬Ǽ
磬˶Ѿȥˣأ
ϻȥܾõʱڲ٣ڲҵʱ򡣽׼ʱɱ
ǣ硣


1881 ϵ۽
ϾƵʮ¥ָΪ鳡أ鳡صм䣬һ絲ŵģҵڵˣȥעʲôԶŸԵҰģεĻᣬֵһðΣգǶϧġ
ߵʢ磬ѾʼˣǣҲû
ߣ˵λʧؾԳΪʲôӰҲûУ
ʵǺڵҵ磬ݸλһĳ̶֮󣬶ӸõͬϢУɽλ˹ŵļ̳ˣѾõһЩϢ˵ʵңйϵģλʼˣʵǳҵλ̳ˣǰ˳֮Ϊһӵĳӷ硣
ȻŸͬʱʢ磬ȫҵڵϵҪȫ˹ѵΪ˾ۻᣬ໥֮ôȻǵģȻڳҵļҵĴʼִǳҵļ̳ˣô֮䣬ضʲôıڵġ
νıƣ磬ʱ̶ڷţͨҲҪȺܶǿޱȵʱ䶼Ҫǿߵ磬ȫʵΪ𣬾ٴıƣҪǿʵȥ硣ɵͨ粻ͬչıƣ浽Ҳһ̣֪ʲô˸ޣˣΪһ֪ˣзĻᣬԷɲĶֶ֣ԿĻǾûҪЩʲôıˡ
үǱһ㶯ûУ˶ڵš
ɽһֱעŶȴû̫ԣڳκ˿ʱڶ˴绰ġ
ɽɫԴӽⳡ֮Եĸı࣬û֮ǰڴڵǰ򶨡
е֡
үҲе֡Ȳ˵ߣǱ߿ǳӷµⳡʢġɵڣӷҲû򣬶پ˸һ仰ûУһȺ˾Ǳߵš
ԣӷĿģǵһʢ磡ҲδģպҲǳӷġ
ү˼ǣӷεĻᣬЩˣȫ
ȫڣӷĵӻûôЩȫǽһɶķˣӷǸˣ벻
ӷԸһǡ
ɽı鿪ʼӷĳһĻھֻ·ߡһӷģڶͶϳҡ
Ͷǲܣӣֻˡ
вҲ黹û֮ǰ˫û˺֮ǰǾ͵ʲôҲ֪ɡǣǵˣҪһе׼֪ͨȥֻҪ﷢һ㶯˸ˣ໥ϣȻ뿪Ƶꡣ
үģѾһٶţֻҪһжǾͻȫɱġ
ܺáҲעһšӰûҾͲţôãĦĳ𶼲뱨ˡûǰֻҪӷһ֣ŵˣҲͻֵġ
ӣ죬ǳӷҪɱˣҪɱӷҲѽֻҪӷһ֣ɣһɱ
һҲѾȫ׼ֳ棬ǲɱˣֻҪԱץסӷ֤ݾѾ㹻ˡȻ棬ҲѾȫ׼ֻҪһ£ȫʹסӷ硣
꣬ԽԽĴǻ磬ѾѾ賿ˣϾǣһŲСΧš
ϾƵ⣬ͣźܶ೵ܶ೵ϣˣооӵģģġ
೤б¼𣿡
һڣѾסˡ
ȴ׳һҲ
ʱ򣬶Խ𣬶Ͼ׳ݣеľ˻ȥ
ǵһϣȥˣǺǲˬ
һзϻȥ
Ͼɾֳͬ־Դӹ
֣һ㶯ҲûѽҿӦòʲô¡
Ҫ⣬οȫΪĴۼھƵڣһκ⣬ˣҪù
֡
ֳֻ𣬽绰ֳ̾˿˵ȫȥɡ
ʲôڻȥˣ
ί׳Դĵ绰ˣȫ˻ȥʲôùˡ
ί׳λѽ
㲻Ҫ֪ͺˡ
Ͼˣͬӵ绰һʱ֮䣬Ͼˣȫˡ
ϾƵΧһӸֵϣкܶˣڴУźɫڵţЩˣÿһͨĽɫи۵ľˣйӶɱ֣кڵӣȫΣȫڵȴɱϾƵֻ꣬Ϊȡһ˵Ǵסһˡ
׳ǵȫϾƵ棬ʱ׼ȥ
绰ͷ˵ȲҪȳӷֳٶ֡
׳
һֵϣһɫķԼٶȳϾƵ꿪ȥһ·߶˶
ϣһɫ·Ůˣﱧһֻè˾˵ӷ絽ûУ
С㣬˻ûֱӽ룬ǵȣ
ҪˣȻѾˣӷӦúܿͻ֡ҴǰĪʧ٣϶йأ£Ҫ
ڡ
ɲʹ򻮣Ůʵʲô£
С㣬ղźһСӳ·
Ѿͣ·ߣûκ⡣
ȥ
ǡ
Ŵ򿪣˾ɡ³Χ˿ȴûκˡ
ɵظҪϳʱͻȻֻԼͷһʹʲôԼͷƵġ
ѪڵŮ˼һĻһˣѾʧ˳ڡ
ǸŶû취ȷһɡ
ϣߣ˳ͣĵط߹ֻһŰɫСȹӵСŮ궼СŮӣһССɡӷ
СŮһѶСذףذϻѪųԼ߹ЩˣɵһЦ˵ССɡ£Ǳ磬طСȴϵ۵Ľߣ
ৡ
һ죬Ѫˮˮ


1882 ʢΪһ
żӵӷĵ绰̽ԭת˳
Ѿ֪ӷˣҲҪʾֻҪӷ罻á
˵۹£ߵȫ磬ҵӢǰߵطʱ
λȣǳлҴӰæгйμٰʢ磬Ҵţлҡ
Գӹʹûκý壬κμŴȫȥģ㣬ͬģһֱһظУ˶֪Ĵڣǲκ˽ӽ
죬վڳЩҵӢкЩһĿʲôòϣȻǱһµġ
ɽ˵ڳͷһ˹ţȫһģ˵ԶԶ֮£кܶˣǰ
˿̣Ѿ˵ˣɽȻҪһվ˵ܲãΪŵʢ磬ͬʱڳˣҲʶһ³ܲõķ緶
ɲʶɽżԱһº󣬳Цԭ˹ŵļ̳ˣɽүû뵽˹˸ӣɽүԸϹˡ
˭֪ģǰҲǳҵӣӣֻҪԼ飬ڳÿһ˶ȥģȫˣǮ˭׬ѽܴӳңŵϵõôĻǿһĴѽ
ܲÿˣʵ˹Ÿô˭֪ķ棬˹Ŷô֮µġʵЩ˹ţҲֻͽˡ
ɽԼҲ˵Լ˹ŵܣһַʽţŵαޣӲҪװһµڶӣһеĻ˵װơɽү֮нĹģģǰεܲáйһ仰˵ҵҵѣοܲãֻǴܲðˣŸҵļ̳Ҵ硣
ܲãı֣ȫ綼Ŀõģͱǫˣǳӣţһгܲõ
ɽȻһףѵ㻹䲻ɣ˼׷ڱϿܻãɲһס
ʱ䣬ȻҴá˵ڣô˹ŸŵսǷ˲ٴΣȴҲûô˹йһεʤɽүڴ㣬Щ棬ĵȷûźá
ֱӾͰɽѾбµĻ͵ˣô˹Ҫưȫҵ򲻵ţһܲɣ죬Ųûǰй֮޲ġ
һʱ䣬ҵʢϣǻҩζȻ꣬Ҳ٣ɳˣϾǸŮ˶쭣װӣңҲûǵȻɫ
ɽɵһЦԳʮĵ˵ͷҲû⣬˵ʵǲѽܲȣ֮𡣺ˣЩ£Ǿ˵ɡȻⳡʢٿģǴҶ֪ڱⳡʢ˭ǣܲòҪˡ˵ɣЩΪʲôоǣλ磬ҴӣûУ
ˣ̵ʱŰ䣬ÿżɽʱ򣬾ͲܷϻҲһķϻͽһʧܡ
ɽڿżɽˣ⣬Ҳڳ˵⡣
˷ʱ䣬ȻӷѾˣǾ˵ӷѾϾƵ꣬ҲⳡҲط˭Ҳ˵
ȻɽүѾʳ˴Ҷʵ⣬ҲͲϻˡڣⳡʢ磬ʽʼˣҽ糷ȥ
糷ȥ
ʲô棬Ǻڵϵʢѽ糷ȥҪߵ˾ۼһ
ܿ죬Ѿ˽ͬʱںڵǱߣپҲѾ˵һĻ
̳ڵϵȫԣû֪ӷһĻʲô
λȻ˶ѾˣҲ֪ﶼʲôǽͲҪαˣǶһС˰ɡ㵽ֵۼһ𣬱һģΪͬһĿģֿ಻ѽ
ⷬپ˵ģ˵ڵϵͬʱҲ˵̳ϵ
ɽʱһû뵽ԼڵǱߵϵ£֪ˣڣһ㵽ֵģ˹ţ˹ڵ
ɽүôӦòİɣȻѣǺαطֿءѾô׼һλӣǾһɡ
˹ڰȫɽߣһʵɽүӣе鷳ˡ
鷳С
ǲǸ׼һˣ
֪ͨˣʱ׼ɱ
á
˴˵绰ȥɵ绰ȴûͨ
ãӦǳˣһ绰Ҳͨ
֮ǰǶѾźúôͨ绰
ΨһĿǣˣѾˡ
ⲻܣһٶˣôô̵ʱڱɱ
ǶܲڣֶΣҶ֪ģ̼ɱһٶҲʲôֵ¡
ڸô죿
ȲҪӷҲҸڰɣֻҪǲӷܰôѵǳҵŸưȫ磬Щͳͳɱⲻɣ


1883 ɱ¾
ҵڵȫۼһЩйļһ˵ȻǽţΪû֪Ŀģ˵ʢ磬ǲԭһģֻΪ룬ĻԼ֮ǰڵϵ飬ǲҲһ֪ˣȻ֪ΪʲôҸʢ磬ѵͲڳ˷쭣ŵܲø
ӣԶԶûеô򵥣һλһҪûгֻ֣᲻һڽأԼЩ˷ŸпܱŸһˡ
ܶˣѾ˵뷨Ҳкܶסļһ뿴ᷢʲô£ֻҪһᣬǾͲŹ
ˣҲѾ˲ԾĵطʱļƻбҪȥһκϸϵ⣬Ǿͽºܶ˵
УӷһѾˣѾڳܶˣڡ
Ǹô죿
֪ͨˣһҲ취˳ȥʢ磬Ѿǵ󣡡
֪ͨ׳
ʱ򣬸Ͳ˴绰ֻһȺˣ˽תһ˶סˣĲǱˣļƻڳӷ֮ŴģΪʲôڳӷ涼ûˣȫˡ
ˣҰΧ
ʢת䣬ûʽʼû뵽һȺװþǹ˳˽ͷģȻһйӵϽǲе̫ˣܳӷҪʲôйľӣҲӦѽץڵϵˣǿɻûκ£ڳܶ͵ҵӢѵ㻹뽫Щȫץ
ʵ֮ǰͽӵһ绰绰ȥģҲΪ绰ûֱ̫࣬Ӵˣзϵһɵȫ˽ҪһԣԼҵ̨ˡ
ɸһе㶣Ȼûӷ磬ȴپЩ˵ϣڳͷģȫǳپǣûпκһԼĿѽ
ѵӷûг֣ԼղΪʲôڵ绰˵ӷѾˡ
ԣղǸ绰ǼٵģҲǲȻҲǼٵģֻԼŪѣҲֲˡ
Ҫû֣Լȴȳˣ֪Լ˱˵ļƣӣԼļƻѾԷ֪ˣԷһرĳϣԼֵġ
ļһĳӷ磬ôңȻ˲ѽܵжܵļƻȻǸʶˡ
֮£Ҳֱˣӷûг֣ԼҲûҪڳ˵̫ϻĺڵܶ࣬ԼֻҪҸɣ˵ץͨģҲⳡϷͿǿꡣ
ǰپǾ͸ЩþǹľȫʵϾƵ꣬˽˻ʲôˣȻǹ
ֱӾݣʱѵҪʲôزɡ
ίΣϽսӵϢｫһֲУҽӵһ׳ץ˵ġ
һ׳Խ죬ҪԸľԽ죬ҲֻܽԽˡ
Цһ׳ץˣ֪˭
ܲãҵȻ֪
Ȼ֪ճģ㻹˵ǵһ׳ץҵĿ˵ģҲδ̫Ц˰ɡ
ܲã֪һ׳裬ɹǹ˽˽죬ۼЩʲôˣӦúѵЩˣҲйϵɣ˵ŸЩڵϵйϵ
鷢̫ͻȻ̫죬˭ûӦ
ԭӷǲе̫ģǳӷⳡϷ򣬵ʱϣȴӷ˷ѣԣҪ콫ߵ
Ŀˣȫ̳ϵĴÿһǹҵģӦܵǹҵıʲôʱΪǹҵĵˡ
ܲã⻰˵Ҳδ̫Ц˵ɡܱѵ񶫰ЩˣӦܵǹҵıɣ˹Щĺڰ֯ҲӦܵǹҵıɡ
һתͷָپ˵һսپˣץ

ɲʲôģڳӷû֮ǰ˭Ҳ
پɵһЦ˵ŽǺôĹѽһίһʵȨûеĹ˾Ȼ˵õ˵һ׳һ£һ׳ļܲóһ£پǸˣطģû뷢ļ֮ͨģƾʲôץ
پµѵҪһһɡ졭
ˣŽپѾ˵ĺˣʲôͨ뷢ĴļץˡûеĻҲǳӭͣԲġȻҵĻţɲһϽҵģֻҪһ仰ģͲһڵĽڷ籩ˣأǵһ¡
ײɵһЦкһ
ֹ֩û
֣ѵǳҹɡ
ʲôҪ˶ȥˣһʱ
ãҾ̣ɱʹ죡


1884 жֵŮ
ʱͲ֪ԼûеõκǰģһҵľӢЩܵ˺Ļ²ΪʱĳҲƵȥǸʱ򣬱˵ǲԼҵ̨ˣԼżңиһˣᱻв̨
Ҳû취ʱҲֻţεļƻǳʧˣ뽫ӷԼȱ˸ˣΪЦǣ֪Լһߴˣ
ȻѾزǾֻȵţڳҲһҪԸӷ磬кܶˣԸӷ磬ԸţԸģͲЩһ׼ûеġ
룬Ǹᡣܲãʵǲ˼㲻ĻЩˣҲⳡ͵ʢ硣
֮á
ڳӷ֮ǰķԸһҲֱ֪ɱģҲǳӷ磬ҪǸģҲˣҪҸ˳е鷳
λ룬ӦòλŽһμǵʢɣ
Ȼû˷ԵģҲǷǳԾģߡ
ôôµģӷأ
Ůһ޹ѽ£ԼûϵԼⶼҪ֪ͨ㲻Ҫˣ˭֪ǰжԼ绰Ҳûȥѽ
׳ӷ絽ڶδ֣Ƿֽе㲻Ծԭʢ磬ڽΪһ壬֮ǰҾ֪ͨģû뵽
˵ʲôղŲԼ绰ң˵ӷѾ𣿡
ʲô׳Ƕû绰ȥѽ
һ㶣˰죬ԭԼ˵ˣˣ
ӷСӣôǵļƻġ
ôֵģǾҪԼˡ
ͻȻһǵȻתֻһ꣬һǳ˧꣬ǵĺ棬Ʒźơ
㡣ӵСӡȻǶˡ
ҺֹǶˣܿ죬֪ҪԸԼңǶô޴һ¡
˶ӣûע⣬ʵӷһѾˣֻӷҪȺУپǣҲֲˡ
ӷ罫еľƱԱߵϣվɵһЦ˵˵ǺܱġԭôЩˣѾסһ˶ʮ꣬ڣΪʲôͲϧأ
ֲɵӣӷ⻰һѾµ˵ʲôȴܱ֤
˵²ģԼνļƻɾΪһЦˡҪƱˣأⳡƣȴѾ¶˱˵ǰ
ˣҲˣˣͲ֪ı󣬾ܵһĽѵ¹֮ҲǸɸɾġͬʱҲʮ˵ģΪÿһ˵ĴֶθͬǶʮǰʮǰôЩˣѾˣͲôκδϢĻᡣ˱ȽϺ˵ߣҲ̫ϲһֳͽذɣϲڿ־嵱Уȥ
˶٣ŷһļЦúܰɣһʢ磬һǴҵʢ硣
Ͳ˵һ仰ӷѾ˳ȥߵȺм䣬˵۾ҲѾӳپ˵ϣתƵ˳ӷϡ
λʵڱǸôҾõˡ
ӷһأپȫԳӷͬ
վ˳ӷߣ˵磬鶼Ѿźˡ
ţܺáڣʢʽʼϾƵ꣬ʽرգΧֵͳͳ
ʢʽʼƵʽرգΧֵӷҪʲô
ܶѾλ˵еĳӣλʧĳӣӣͨˣûκε𣬿ͨĲͨˣȴǳҵļ̳ˣһֽ𶫰ţκγҵϣ͸ܶŴүͬˡ
Ŀųӷ磬ģǳ뺣Ԩеʯͷˣеһϣûˡ
ӷֶΣ䲻ȵ۵Ѫɱ¾ҲȳԶɽı㣬ȴŶԼһַַǱɱ¾ӿֲĴڣӷԼ˵ϲģһİƣ֪ȴ޿κΡ
ǳӷ磿
ѽһԭ͵ˣЩˣȴûһĴڡ˵ͨأص̫˶ֶ֪εʱɿԽԼص֮ؼʱ̣һ
үڸô죿ӷѾˣղЩˣǳӷĶͷҳӷ鷳ģ֮ϣǴҳһ·
ӷƣҪرƵ꣬ΧֵҵĹƣйϾǲֵģҲֻܿԼˡ
뽫ȫɱˣѵ治鷳
鷳֮ǰҲΪӷ粻̫عͷ룬ǰǳɱɱ˶ˣüУһ֮Уû˼κεĺˣʲô鶼ĳΪҪǣȥºȻ˰ʰ̯ӡ
أүڸô죿
뾡һа취֪ͨˡֻϣǵûȫɱ⣬ǻлɱȥġ
ⳡʢ磬ǻ
ֻɵϣŻˣһ֪ͨˣһ߸λӸǰɡ
ʱ򣬵һ죬ӷ˫΢΢һپȫվԭأһҲ
ɱ
Űɡ
ʲôˣ
ӷ磬
˭Ҳ벻ʱ򣬾Ȼж֣ȥɱӷ磬ˣȴڳڵˣǴģһŮˣ


1885 ı
ӷ绹û֣û뵽Ȼȳӷһչ˴ɱĿ꣬Ǳˣǳӷ硣
ʮ죬ͬǴ̹ǵĺĳӷΧļˣǳżЩͨˣ󶼿ʼð亹ȫĺëȫǾֵı֣Ҳ˵ŵɱǳء
ӷվԭһҲû˫һı䶼ûУѾ֪˻·һ
ȻͻĴɱȻڳӷ֮⣬Ľ룬ڳӷ֮ڣɲôȳϣԽԽãȫԼвͳͳܹǾͿһԽͳͳҲɴ˳˳ӷеĺ֮ǡ
ǰЩˣΪûǸҪͬӷ缴Եĵˣһһǿһǵȴڶ׷ĺռ䣬֪ڳӷԺռ֮ǰ飬Ҫ꣬ô飬Ҫꡣ
һɱߣӷͲ˵ȽϴĻĵ˳ӷ磬ҲԳӷ˿˵ġο⵶δӷ磬Ѿߵپֵ

뵶֮ĶپսֱӾͽɱߵĵڵأˣȫͬһʱ䣬ɱӷŮˣһŷŮˡ
ȫŮ˵ϣŮ˵ʮָ߹ϴ·ҲͨĻɫͷŮ˵ĳԲһѽڳȴûһʶģ˵֡
ôĵӣҲʲôطȻд̡
پսѾŮ˲ϣǰپˣŮǿҲܻѽҪ֪پһȫѾԴˣڵЩͨɫٸߵĸ֣һ֮䣬ɱġ
ǿͣȻȲĿĺΪҲҪμⳡʢ硣
ӷ粻ɵЦһڳУ뿪Ƶ꣬ǶŮһ̣Ҳûʲô˵ġ
ȻپǸӷôã᲻֪ӷһôˣŮˣȻӷκεвɱˣӷһͷǾǣڳӷߣԲݳκεӲݣˣǳӷ罫һнӲȫնݳ
ȻӷŮ˵Ϊģǳӷ绹ôʱپȴʡ
λһ£λС㣬˭ѣ
ӷڳ˷һʣ͵ڽڳ˶ɵӣҲɵȥ˵ҵѽǲ
ӷһЦ˵ȻûʶǾȸһɡ
ӷ磬ٸһסʵɣǼɼˡ
ɼ壿
ӷһ£һʱ֮䣬벻ɼʲôͷ
˵ɼ壬š
ӷʱ˹ţŮˣŵˣԼţҲû̫ĳɡǵǰŵļ̳Լŵļ߲㣬ԼҲֻǽǼ߲Ǹŵļ̳ˣûɡ
ʨ뿪Ǹŵļ̳ɱ֣ܲòԣɱ
ӷһЦ˰죬ŮѽɼȻµ֣ĶӦŶѽôҵԼͷء
ӣֱʧˣڹұˡ
ţûκ׷Ļᡣ
ðɣȻˣŮˣԼŰɡ
ʱɱǸŵļ̳ˣΪʨڣȻˣǾ˵㡣
ӷΣ˵ǾͿɡ
ӷ磬Ҵ˼꣬һµĶ֡ҾΪҴ籨ģ
˵λС㣬ǵӰ˰ɡʲôвģɲôġȻ棬еǻ棬ȴڡ
ǰ˵û̫ʱɡҿҾ콫Щһɡ
ףˣҿҲ˲٣ΪʲôӣͲһء
Ҳ̫˼
ףǾЩ׵һ¡ңڳģʲô˵вģҵ˼˵һвģţţҸˡ
پɨһڳˣ˵ÿһˣв˵вģӦǸղǸɡ
ûôҵܲڹڣýɹڵ飬ܶ෽棬ϵԼңĸǱȥģԣЩˣвģȫĻҲġ
ȻˣǾְɣЩСɫҪԶ֡
ãˣҪͷĿ𣿡
ҪͷĿʲô˼ϽҪͷĿǻ˭ѽ
Ĵˣܼƻһıⳡıûɹ֮ǰ˵пʧ֮ܵ£ġ
һ仰óӷʮ⣬Ǹ˳۶ʮѽľǱپ͸
һûˣʹһ˳Ľɫ˳嶯Ը񣬻ұ𣬻Լңĸ׵̨쵽ˣǸȫ磬ԼҵˣȫǷ𡣡
ѽܾۼôˣһеķԼΪܰ쵽Ͳɵһӳ£ԸϹȥˣԲǸɴµģίûʵȨĽʲôȥټǰЩ£˵ʵûǵɼȻıߣֻ˭ڱһأ
ϼһﲻǴͷģǴͷĻ˭پʵ
ҪȻ鶼ѾչһˣҲѾǸ˵ļƻ׸ˣţǱԼΪУԼ̨ܿͻֵģ


1886 ȫɱ
һϵʱ˵˵̲̣£ܿ͹ȥˡڷ£һΣյ£ǼֱҪܡ
ⳡڵҵʢ磬Ѿʮˣν壬ûˣ˷ǳֻ࣬Գӷֵڣ˼ɼǸŮ˶һ֮󣬾Ҳû鷢Ҳûκһ˵ˣΪ˭ұ֤һп˵ôĺ
ӷڵȣǱλı˳֣ҲţԷƻʱ䣬лˣӦòŹλģһ֡
ȻⶼˣҪֵˣӰҲûУʹĳӷ翪ʼе㵣ģѵԼƴǱıˣ
ʵǵȲȥˣһڳˣҪ뿪ģϾ죬Ҫչɱ¾ԵĺܹˣʱǾǷ棬޷ѹ³ӷ粻ںκԼǺںģһķԷﶼܴڣҪȫ˱졣
ʱ䣬ݳӷȥͬʱڳܶˣҲѾͲסˣЩڵϵ
ӣμⳡʢ磬ڣһƨҲûţ춼ˣ룬ǰһˣʹ˸ǰɡ
ôڵҪȥɳӷ
پ˵˵ЩˣƽҶǷǲ
پ˵ô󲴶壬Ҷհȴձ˹ڰͣĴӽǵȵչľһ£ô壬չôʲô
ôˣһɫʼ࣬ûĵӷȻʱˡ֪ȻڶѾסȫڵǲǾǶƷĽףҪö֪ɼôĺڵ壬壬ȴһֱڰнžףûи﷽ȡκεϵ

˴Цһ˵ûǲǸǰн״ľ𡣿ôѵǼôڵϵ飬ȫҪô㱨ɡ
ӷ˵Ҳ˵Ǽô󲴶壬ûҶˣ
ƨĶֻһйĺڰƾʲôܵǼôˡ
ãܺãȻˣǴһ̿ʼô󲴶塭𡣡
ųӷһ£Ѿ಻ס׵һеսֱӶȡ˵
ֻѪأǴͷҲѾγǹʲôҲܲˣȻѾӷ壬ѵܵϣɡ
һεĻᣬֱܵõǰɡǽ죬뷨ˣһҲ뿪ˡɱ
ৡ
һˣôɱĲˣֻʣǴͷˡ
پ֪ͨҮ壬εʢ磬һûǿλͬѧϣҵһͲŹǡҮ壬ǲ뱻ŵĻڣ̣вȫ֮󣬸ɱôҪô󲴶壬һ
ǣ
ӷ磬Ҹ㡭
ৡ
Ļ˵꣬׵ĵѾʺˣ˵ϡ
󣬼վ˳ղųӷѾԸȥҮ岻뱻Ļʶһ㣬ΪԼʧ꣬ǾͿΪˣˣǰûгӷĻҮ壬޷վȽţͱֵˣԣҮҪԱӳӷȥвͳͳ
ΪˣѾܲôˣڶܲҲһȽӷɱҲ
پӰһ˶û֮£ǼپֶΣɱͨʱеκˡ
Ǽ˵ˣ˵ıɱɽϳɫû뵽ӷȻ˺ݶ˴󵨣˵ɱɱˣһ·ģѵйǳҵĲɡ
ӷ磬ЩҵľӢôŵ룬μⳡʢ磬Ȼɱˣ㵽ʲô˼
ɽѾܲסˣЩСˣѾ֪㵽ȥˣЩһȻֱʵǿЦ
㣬˹ŵ˰ɣ
û˹ţɽ󡣡
Ҳ˭ڻûֵЩνҵӢԣǸұ졣
ɽͷüڵ˶ϵڣһ¾ˣӣԼߣ˵ڳκˣһˣ˵ڳӷռκαˡ
ܲôˣģƴˡ
ɽ£Ҳ֪ԴУֻ·һԼЩһߣĻᣬֻҪصԼĵ̣ǳӷ绹ɱԼûôˣ
Һ˲Ÿ˲𡣽죬Ǿ͸ôΪˡ
ܺãȻôˣȫϳһߣҲʡһˡپǻʲôڣɱ¾ʱ䡣ϾƵ꣬ʼ⣬ˣܣΣ͵Լ˰ɣһԼŰ졣
һѾ򿪣ˣǳӷ糯ȥǵһʱܣֻҪƵ꣬ǾͰȫˣĵط󣬾ͲӷҵԼϣɱˡ


1887 ·ͻ
һ˵ȥӷϵıû˿ĸı䣡ʱ䣬ɱ¾ڳӷ˵ѾΪһּҳ㷹ھĵˣѵӷɱ˻𣬼˻𣬵һϰ֮˵ʵڵģ鲻ٷˣȻͻ᲻ϰߡ
پȫѾվ˳һ˶֣ˣҲһˣپҲҪˬһѽҪڳӷǰ֤һ£Լֶβûκε󣬷ǰҪǿࡣ
ɱϾƵ𣬺ڣƵѾûˣľڽӵСĵ绰ʱ˵ʱѾƵգԱԱԼڣҲ˵ڵϾƵ꣬ͺñһǣֻɱ¾ʬ壬Ѫһڣٳνĸ񣬾ˣҲ˸úðᣬȻʰ̯ӣͬʱȫأҲжŵˣڽбĴ
һΣӷȻҪеĺ֮ȫǾͲκεӲݣնݳǱģ򣬸һʢ磬һɱ¾͵ʢ磬Ҳһ嶼ľˣ
Щ˿پǵսһ˿Щˣܶ࣬ǵģңҲһЩˣǰһ̣֣ͷ·ԾԮ֣ǣȴһҶЩеǹ綼֪ʲôˣΪˣ֮£Ҳֽŷѽ˵۹⣬Ҳѡ£ûһǺö
׳ٲ취뿪Ļǽģˡ
ŮվǰеһǹҲ΢΢
δ˵ɱ¾ҲѾԶԶڵϵɱˣҵˣǵӴ󣬻һǷѽ
ʮǰʮǰ¼ⳡҪϺܶ࣬ȴûнȵļ飬ڳҵһ־Υļ顣
̾˿ҪΪұ𣬿ӣνһЦѽǲܵѽܱסԼѾˡ
ϵǣ˵Ѿסˣǡ
û䵽ǵĲϣѾľԮҲԵģҵˣӦþƻııߣɳ֮⣬ߵˣ֪ǸıߵĴڡ
ɽ˹ŸһȺڵı£˿Ѿ˵˴ſڣֻҪϾƵ꣬Ǿ͵ڼ˰棬ط󣬶ڴеĳУͺҵˣѾˣӷҪڴɱˣǲܣһҪһºǸǰһȫǵɱ⣬򣬾ͻ¶ˣϾйģӷҲйѽ
үߣǶϺ󡣡
پеսȻܵУԷͷ·ĻҲ鷳ġ
ӷ˿Ӱһգ֮䣬ͳſڣңһֱֻ֣ӾסɽĲӣһˣˣɽ󣬳ǸŮǰһֻ֣סŮ˵Ĳӡ
үӷ磬ү
ȻҪɱˣǾãҿܻκһ뿪ţ⼸ʮδаϸҼһ£ΪǳңͲмǰмڲмԺ󣬾ûǸҪˣΪҪʮСʱ֮ڣȫһڶ˹ţţϳʧ
˶٣ӷ˵żţŵʮСʱ֮ڣչ˹ŸšҲһٶᵼ³ķ粨һ͵ľڷ粨Ҳϧ
䣬ӷ˫һȫЩпˣֻડ˹ŵļ̳ˣŵļ̳ˣͬʱ˵ϡ
ӷ磬Ǹƴˡ
Щˣʸ񡣳ǣһɱ
ּʶһɱ¾ˣȫͬһʱ䣬ս˺
ǳӷֶΣֶΣһʱɱ¾ɶĺӷûȥ룬ӲҪȥ̫ࡣ
ӷ磬㣬㡭
ҵˣˣ޷ƻһļƻ˵ⳡԸԼҵļƻѾʧˣţıӦûһˡŽ˵ɣ˭˵ȫʬ
롣Ҹ㣬ǵļƻʧˣԼңҲһҪۡ
ôĿҪԼҸۡҸ㣬ֻҪҳӷڣκˣ˵Լҷֺ
ʱ򣬳ֻ𣬵绰ҳӷġ
磬ġ
ʱҳӷ磬Ǵ򵽳һԼˡ
ӷӹ绰ԷȻǡ
С˾ˡ
˵ӷѽֿɲҪ̫ˣȻ˾˵ģô
С˾ˣģѾˡˣǱûʲôɣ
ѾϾˣǱߣ迴š
˵ʲôʲôط
ϾΪСӣôĶôѧ֣Ҳ粨𣿡
粨Ѿʼˣʱ䣬Ҳܿġ
ǡ
ϾãС˾ˣϽйֽӵ绰
Ӣ۲֪ӷʲô˼ʱǽ绰ԱߵĹ֡
ӣǲȥʰоˣ
֣ˡڿʼϾˣȫС˾ڵĵطǿľ»һеİ취С˾˸ֱҵΪֹ
һʱסˣʲôѽ
ӣ⡭
ڱô࣬˵ȥϾ͸Ϲ
תӷ˵ף˸ҿǣˣϸǰϾ
ǣ
ӷ磬˵ǵļƻʧܣԼңҲҪۡڹȥѾ̫ˡ


1888 ǹ
Ͼһƶ˾ѶϳӰϾԶĻԿڵÿһ䣬жٱѲš
ôˣʱܵѶȥһڶϾȻˣûԶģۣͿϾڵһУɼҲһ
ǽӽǵľͷһ㣬ԿѶϵˣһԣһŮԣеһ͵ˣԼʮ꣬ŮģƲŶʮңʮ㣬һŴŮģҲǷǳãŮ˾Եĺİ磬ԵļΪİˣŮ˾ȫ෴ĴڣϤϾǣҲǳϤ˵ȫйǳϤΪںܶǰˣҲҪԱ֮һңйڵһɵԪϼ
ûڣǸйĵڣǰӷڡ
˵ˣֻһЩˣûվѶϵģڵļ֮һ
ȷҪ֣
ǰ붫һսУ˺ܶ࣬ʲôѽѪħѽЩһͳͳɱˣмˣӷȴûȥںҲΪЩ𲻵̫ãԳӷǷһû뵽ʱ䣬Źˣٴγˣεĳ֣ǴڣǴģĿǰˣǺ
ŮһͷƮݵĺڷϾ˫ǳ˳ޣɢɱһĺë
ǰҽϽǣڳӷ£õģȴҽܾ֮ò֪¡ֱҳӷģɵҳʱӷȴѾʧˡ񣬳ӷٴγ֣ԸԼҵļƻҲպʱչҵĴҲڽ֮ڣȫˡ
̾˿˵ǰϽǷ粨ӷȷɱ˲ˣҲȷڳӷµġǸʱΪ˾ȷ죬ȻȻ컹ڶ㵱Ըġ
㣬áŮ˵Ľ˭ǰϽǷ粨˭Ϊ˾ȷģǷߵǸŮˣǸ洵Ůˡ
ʱ䣬Ѿһ˼ֶΣǰ˾ۼڵļΪľǽ졣ǣĿѽ
˵ԳҵˣǳԶɽǳۣڵĳӷ磬ҶëȻģˣҲۼʶģ˵һһֶҪȻ˵ֶ㶷ǣΪҲʶֶΣҵļˣЩ˵ļˣڵ֪ӷ̾ͷˣΪӣ͸ӷȥɱ㣬ȴܵϾҪɱӢۡ
Ůûֵģ˵ãûֵģ֣ǷȡģǵݣʵɽеЩʿҲΪģ˵еһԱŮˣûֵŮˣΪѾǳԽߣȫɢϢǿޱȣ֮ԴϢһԴߣһʲôԴߣĿǰ
ӢֻۣǵһҪģҪģԼŵͷΪҵĻҲҪôѾֱȥǣûֹҡ
ϾȫˣȻģӷѾ֪ӢΣգҲѾ֪ڱʹһУӦϾҪˡ
Ǿ֮ǰɱӢۣ֮󣬴һǹһطԼֲ˶ھǣɢȫأҾͲţӷȵһܾȵڶ
Ůǳ޵Цһ˵м˾׼һ£̶֡㣬ҶšסǵļˣҵǸҷŴ㣬ǧҪ
ΣʵǰڸһսоӦˣܻڣ׬ˣļ޹ģԲôҪԳҵˣҲǻȥˡ
Ͼ˾Ӣ۸֣˼ȫ棬ϾıѾ˾űҲѾҪɱӢλί׳ԼϾҪһдۣ׳İȫ
֣ӷ˼ɱ㣿
˼׵һֻ֣һֱǹʱԸЩˡ
ӷ˼ӦǣʲôˣҲ̫
磬ǣȫϾƵ꣬зϵһɵЩҲȫ㿴᲻Ƿҵˣ
ܣҵ˶Ѿˣܻڡ£һйϵ
ϾƵǱߵ黹ûַ꣬£鷳ѽ
ˣȲ˵ЩϾͲǼܵ£ϾҲ֪ģϢй¶һʶһ£׻ʲôɱҡ
磬ģڣκ˺ġ
顣
ʱ洫ǹָ˼γǹͬʱһʿ˽
ʲô£
׳ղ˴˽ǵ˿ӰΪ׳İȫͿǹ׷ȥˡ
˾ȻӦòͨѽ
׳ҪҪ֪ͨӣ
ã˶ѣѵϾɡ˼ףϳȥ˲Ҫ׷ĿǰҪģǱİȫʲôҪ
ǣȥ
ӢҲγǹЦþûǹˣ־Υĸоսʱڡ֣ǾʹһɣϾ
磬˵ʵһɱˣֻҵ껹СҲûϻᣬ죬ǾͲսɡ


1889 Ю
ӢǴ˶ӢۣйӢۣǧδ¹ССĴɱܶԷʲôˣҲӢ۵û⣬ֻҪһڣֻҪҪʱսɱУһˣҲܻ˾š
ͬģıֵ£ûκһ̰֮򣬹ҲһѽελãӲܳΪһϽ
ˣϽľǹ˾Ĵһ򿪣ֱӾ˳ȥ
ȻӢ۸ָһ߳˾ʱ顭һһǹ죬ˣȫӢ۸ǰһֻ˺оѻ֣Сģλ׳
ѻ֣ûУĴɱԲɳѻֵģþѻֵĻǲ͵ڱ¶Ŀ
˭ǹ
˼ѾʶղŵһǹͲǵ˿ģԼߵ˿ġ
棬ղҿǹ
쵰û㿪ʲôǹִŭ£ǹǲҿģû֣Լ߾ˡ
׳ҸղſһӰԱԣԡ
ˣҶע㣬ԷͨĽɫֻҪһֵ˳̸֣ǹɱ
ɱίϯⲻӢۿйӵڣ£йӶģԣܸĴۣҪӢ۵İȫ

ʱһϵЦֻˣվ˾˾֮ϣǷ·Ϣĳ֣Ͼûκһ֪ôģҲ֪ʲôʱھ˾֮ϵġ
Ӣ۸ֵһת̧ͷͼϼһϴſɬЦվǣӢ۸ֵһʱϳϼһ
ձ㣬˾գǸͬģңǰĸ߲֮һڣΪйصĵƸ߲㣬ڣڰһֵĹԱʵҲзҵǲϵġ
ԴڱѪħˣ˵ҲˣΪʲôϾƣȻɱӢ۵ġ
ԭǡ˾գԭǻû
Сͬ־뵱꣬ҲϷµıˣô׳𣿡
˾һԹ֣Ժӡ
˾գԼʲôݣﶼ뵱źúõĽɣȥڣȻȨ󣬵ھǺڣ׾ǰף㻹ƾʲô˵ǰ顣
˾ǼҲսģɽɣȫѽˣģ˾Щˣʵ̫˵㡣
ǰǼ붫֮սУһȥǵĹǰǣϾôҲʶһɽ죬ǲû꣬ԭǿԹּͨ򵥵ģȴ֪ģɱ磬ѵǲ֪ڵ𣿡
˵ԵСӣίϯʮǰһս˶˳Ϸ򲻵òϣԵӣȫӢۼǹңҲ˾޴ס
Ȼ֪ɱ
˾˵ȻӢǺйо׻˵ĺá˲Ϊ𡣽ʱѾͬգЩˣҲѾǰˡҲͨɽ֮УҲƽĶȹļꡣǲģǲ飬ܶʱҲòڽҪ˳ʱŷ֣Ѿ̫̫ˣ
Ӣ˵λǵӣʲôԡǰǵѴңܵĳЩвĻӢ۱֤ǽ
Լһ仰һԾŶ㣬ϷʮǰѾ֪ˡ£ﲻǣǣҲֻɱԼ
ȻˣǾͷϻ˵ɡ
һµɱۡ
еǹȫ׼ϼһϣȴЩ˿գ֮䣬Ѿˣգ֮䣬ѾӢ۵Ա߲Զ
׳
ˣ

˾ֱӳ嵽Ӣǰֱӳ˹ǰͨˣߣǰЩˣ׵İƽ
ֱӾͱƷˣӢһã˾մȲϣϵйӢۺȻ·˾һֻסӢ۵Ĳӣ˵Ҫ֣͹ֳӷɡǣҲǱΡ
˼״󺰵֡
ɱңҲܡ˼ףҿǹ
С
ϸҿǹ
Ӣۿɲ֮ԼܵвҲ˾ѵģˣͬھɡ
ίϯôô׾ͱɱˡԴС㣬˺ϼһ

ӰͬʱΧڹǼʱϵҲʹļ̷ſ˹֣˻ص˾ߡ
ϻƣӣӷϾҪˣڸô죿
˳˵
أ
ǸŮֻҪû˵ʲôط֡Ϊ˳ȥ
á
ӢۿɲߣˣԳص壬
Ӣۣû뵽ȳһֻȣ͡ûãٳȣҲҪߡ
ڹＦǰһ˵ߣԽ¡
ȫÿȻϷ
ϼһˡǽԽĻͲǵңͬʱйӸˣʱҲûǵ֮ء
ңͷŸû˿֮ˣǶʲôطᱻҳǸʱǵ³ܲҵģԳӷֶΣʱģҲǱֻҪйصˣͳͳҪ塣


1890 
˾ЮӢۣһ·ſȥѾˣֻҪһ˳һᱨϾҲѾͻϵҲȫϵ˵Ҫ뿪ϾǾԲܵģǾֹˣϾߵӣڵõϢҲһʱϹģϾӢۿɲһľˣһ֣鷳ɾʹˡ
·ȥ˭Ҳ˿⣬˼ױ߸ű˵ǷŴһ㣬ϰҰַˡˣϾǸͲܵġ
˾˵ϻƣѾͷ˵ûӸͲǱߣѾ·ˡ
˾ջ䣬ͼھ⣬˼ʮоˣоȻǾȻϾģӵڰ˷ֶӣѾϹˡ
Ļ쵰Ȼᷢ顣ˣȫҾλˡ
Ҳˡ浽ʲôѽ˭ôӣȻϾ
ֳŸƤһӵϾ߳µʧż˹Ŀǰλãǻ֪Юֵ˭
ٸҷϻǾˣȫӴ棬ûӵ˭ҲܽȥڲǾҲʱӹˡ
Ǹʲôģܶ˲ֻ֪Ҫһݵ˻ġ
ֳ˵ⲻ̫ðɣϾǾ
죬֪汻Юֵ˭Ӹ㣬ǿ磬ίϯӢۡ
ʲô
ֳһʱͷ󺰣ͬʱҲ⻰ÿһ˵ӣˣô飬ԼȻŸϹ鷳ˣҪˡ
ʡβõʡίǡ
ڲ˭ûõӵ֮ǰκ˶ý벽
ǣһķԸ졣ܱ֤ܲԽİȫ
ϻܱ֤Ҳı֤£ҵľӶִ⡣
ǣǣǡȫ
ˣѾǵǰʵѾõϢӢ۵ϾҲ֪ӷǱߵ飬ֻЩ£ǲܵģҪþоȥܣΪӷÿ£ܴĶȥǸءֻû뵽ӷǱߵ黹ûִ߾͸ôһ
ԭϼһǾȻû
ʶˣ
ʶֹʶ
ӵˣȫԼһǰ˵ϲģϷ硣
û뵽ҵСҲˣӣϹͷеһƴˡ
ҲѾΪϽΪʵĹϵûеίӸľӲһżȨ˵ģһԶһˡ
磬û°ɣ
Сӣһ㣬ϵ󡣡
Ӣ۲ɵĿЦһԴԼϾû֣һ鷳ܹôԼٹء
磬ڿɲ˵Щ顣ӷأ˻û𡣡
ӦÿˡҶôţʲôºú˵
Ӣ۷ǲˣ˿ɽŵҪ
սĽѽȵʶȫû
˾գӴսٻغϡ
ûʲô£ҪȵˣӦѾ˰ɣûĻϹͷҲˣֱӾŰɡ

ͻأһ紵ӷվھһôϣļˡ
ԭһУǸĹôұǾȰС˷ˣɡ
ӷ磬ڳˣȻѾˣҲߵʱˡ
¡¡
һӷȻޱ䣬Сģˣȫ
ӷ磬
һŮ˵ӰŮ˵Ŀ꣬Ӣ۵ģȻڳӷѾˣԼ߻ûɱӢֻۣӷˡ
Ůӷһͱ޷ֵȾ磬ԲӦģҪӲƴĻûʲôֱܼƻ겻ŮȻͨĽɫһкС
ɳӷߣûһֵģڹǣȫǸŮ˵Ķ֣򣬳ӷǲģԼЩ£ȫ磬ڸҲûǸҪ
̼ɱĻɫ۷徳磬Ҳֻͨһ¶ѡ
۷壬ӷѾ϶ĳǿˣ˵һֻ֣һָͷͿԽŮ˸ڵǣӢһԼɱ䣬治֪Ӣۻ᲻Σա
㣬ǳӷ磿
ǡ
ǰϽǷ粨ɻǵģ
᲻ǵġʱҲǷԼҵù˭ҪȢƫƫҪȢ飬
ǷߵŮˣɻǵģ
ӷһ£ʱڷ߻иŮ
ˣǸʱ򣬺һŮˣǸŮ˻Ϊ쵲һУĺܲҡ
ԭΪǸŮ˱ġʲôϵ
ҽ㣬Ψһˣȴ𣬽Ǳɡ
Ѿͷԩԩ౨ʱأΪʲôҪΪѾȥˣԼءȰ㻹ǷСˣҲһ·ֻҪ㲻鷳ȫ磬û˸Ҷֺ
ӷ磬㵱Сһôˣѵһ᲻Ȳ˵Ҳݵģҽ֣ҲԲŹңǳҵҪ׷ɱҵĻҶʲôط·һ
Ȼˣ㻹Ǿ˵Ǳűľġ
ҵĿ꣬ɱԼˣǳҵˣȻˡɼȻѾˣǾֻܷһˡ
ֻɫ˵һûʲô𡣡
ǵĿΪһôľ硣
ҵΪߣȴɱ㡣


1891 ԺռԪ
ӷ˫ȭһգŮǵΪ͸˷ֻðһΣٶȣˣӢ۵ĻᶼûС
ɾڳӷ֮ǰһ̣ͻȻӷԺУͬʱ
Сӣˣ
ȻڳӷԺģǲôˣ̬ļһʱгӷУ֪ǰŮˣ۷徳ѣҪɱһֻϻҪ򵥣ֽɫڳӷΪǰϰĴڣΪץӢۣӷΪ˾ԵİȫŮ˵ûˡ
һСɫΪʲôĲôˣͬʱѳӷأ
ӷֲɵϣôʲôѽԺռǿߣһﻹǺռ䲻ͬʱĵһǿߣȻ˴ˣǵȴǰģ˵ʵûĻӷ綼֪˶ٴˣûĻӷҲܳΪϳǿߡ
Ȼڲô۶ѳӷҪСģǾ֤һ㣬ǰŮˣǱϿô򵥡
Ҷ죬һҪСʲô
ӷԺʵ
СӣҲ̫˰ɡΪǵ磬棬ûǿΪĻҲ̫ˡ
ǿߣʲô˼
ѻ˵
ˣȻƬ棬Ǳת˵ռͬǿòͬķռġ
òͬķƬռ䣿
ӷԽԽͿˣʲôòͬķƬռ䣿ѵŮ˻ǴӱĿռĲɣ
ʱ֮䣬ӷһʵǵ˼˵Ůˣʵˣ
ģҲͲĵˡ磬ҲͲÿڿΪ˱ˡ
ǵʲô˼һһ
ô˵СӣϸŮ˵ڣǲһڲͬϢϢδġ
ӷ֮ǰû⣬һ𾳽ĽɫҲֵóӷȥ۲졣
ڣôôһ˵ӷ̷ųʶϸ۲һǰŮˣֻô˵һŮ˵ڣһַǳرϢϢ繭ϵļʱҪӦŮ׼һӷҪ֣صϢͻ̱
ӷҲĳŮصϢȻرԼδر𣬵ȴǺܴ󣬾ǱҲ޷˵ԼֺȴԸŮᡣ
еˮֺˮ
Сӣ۲ܿĳˮֵÿ佱һ¡
ٷϻ֪ĻͿ˵С˻ҿɲ˷ʱ䡣
˵СӣѵֻڲͬԪأñԪ𡣱㣬ŮصϢһ֪ԪأΪԪأˮΪ̳γɵһԪء
ԪأɣֳһȫµԪأѻ³ֵģⶼʲôʲôѽ
СӣǲǾãڵѪԪأִĸоûм¾ˡ۸㣬Ϊˮ˵ΪѪԪѪ϶ɵģǸŮ˵Ԫˮγɵģˮպÿ˻ŵԪ˳嶯
ӷΪֻԼܴһȫµԪأû뵽
Сӣ̫ˣԪⶫڲͬĻ֮£֮ͬԶɵģʵʲôԪأռʼʱѾȫˣֻڵĻһˡѪԪȴǸ⣬ռ֮УǺģǳãѪĽϣеԪء
ʲôԪأռʼʱѾȫڣ˼ռʼʱʹвͬԪأ˼˵ҵѪԪأͲԴģռ˵ģ
Ҳ˵ȻеԪռӵУҲҪܷɲСռռ䣬ռ䣬ӿʼڣֻɺڰԪأԪ߻еģȸȵĵ֮⣬ģǴռ䴫ġΪȹ̽ɽûнԪ⴫ԣʱľڤˣûԪصġռ䣬ôӵԪأҪлһռģռ䵱ıƬ棬ϻҪСȻռ仹ռ䣬ȻǱȲ˺ռģںռǱߵԪؿɲ֣˹ڰԪ֮⣬ںǱߣ˸ֲͬԪأǸŮԪأ֮һ
ӷеͷ󣬺ռôţ棬Ԫضô࣬ӷҲͿףΪʲôԼĸײˣһԼĸںռ䷢֣ǱߵԪ֮࣬ȫµ׷
һ£
ղ˵ʲôŮ˵ʲôԪأԺռģ
ûΪռռ䣬ԪأռĻҲ޷Ԫء
ȲҪôĻôԪأô۵˼ǲ˵ǰСŮˣԡռģ
ҲѽԺռģѽ
񡣡
ͻȻһ仰óӷһͿ
ʲô񣿡
ʲô񣬱˵ģһַһֽķҲ֮ǰ˵ģԲͬķƬռ䣬ġǰŮˣȷˣڣȴһ˵Ĵڣ͸һĵֻڵĴڣֻһʶˣʶŮ֪ģӵʶ֮ˣǺռˣԷεķģҰд˵ԪŮ˵ڣŮҲǽ֪һԪأܳΪԴߵġԪأֻҪǵʶʧԷѣԪҲʧˣԷҲܵڶܹˡ
ӷԼͷˣǺռ䶼Щʲô̬ļһѽַĳŮҲѾʮѽʶһֱڵĻǲ˵ǽιļһںռǱѾ˯ʮˣ˶ʮʱ䡰Ρ


1892 һŭ
ӣռǱߵ˻Ǳ̬ô򵥣ӵеĶǳӷĿǰ󲻵ģκһԴ˵Щ󲻵ĶԶһջҲѹֳ۲ϻˣռ䶼޵еĽɫ˵ҲֻռֵطпܼսȤ
ӷҲѾܴᵽ۵̬ȷģν޵мįѵһӾȵĶȹǰĳģΪûκε׷ˣںռ䣬һ¡
УҪ콫Ҳȥһ˺ռ䣬ǸĵطܸԼôľϲ
ȻΪε飬ʹĳӷںռڲôۣǣҪԼ򿪺֮ţ򣬾ǹȥˣҲȥģܶסһ嶼ûˡ
ǰҪȹܲ˹ںռ䣬ЩԪص⣬Щ⣬ӷҲͨô۵֪ڣǾӢ˵ɡ
Ԫأĳ˵ӷѪԪ໥ƵġڣôҲ˵ӷѪԪأǷǳģʵ˵ǳӷͿ԰ٷ֮ٿ϶һ£Ǻռ䣬ӵѪԪصĶ࣬ûУԼѪԪأڻδռ֮ǰѾռһıˡ
ŮڵԪأѾɢ˳ʹϾڣ·һѩذĺ䡣
ڲŸո˵ĺ䣬֪ԪأҪһôĵطܹɣռռ䶼δйԪأҲ˵ռ仹ռ䣬ûйһ㹻Ԫصļ֮ء
ˣĹֵˣȫǻЮסӢ۵ˣӢԼڱ촽ȫǷϵģɫҲļΪ԰ףΨӷǸŮˣѣһ㺮ĸоûС
Ԫػ治һ㣬ոɢһ㣬ѾôĶˡ
˵ȻģֻҪһ£ϻûԪصǰʱͻȻһӵԪصļһǸһƻж󡣵Ȼ˵ԪǿڱԪֻߴԪ֮һô򵥣ŮڵԪزǺܶ࣬ѪԪأӦ
ߴԪأ
Ԫأһӵ𣬳˹ڰгӷѪոյ֪֮⣬ԪأֽʲôԪأӣôҲܸɷڲѽ֪飬ռС
˺ռǼһ˵ҿɲҸսʱУһԺռ֮ˡ
䣬ӷʱһǿѪѪΧȫҲʼסŮɢԪء
ʱ֮䣬Ԫ໥֮ƣ໥֮ӷԪزǻ棬ͬʱѪȣֽϣʹŮˣȥ
ǿһ׵ʲô磡
Ů˵Ļ֤ôûк˵Լ֪ڣһռʶΪܽԴ֮УƾԼı£ӣҲ̫߹Լˡ
ӷӰһѾŮʱպǾӢ۵ʱӷһǿ˾ոȵ˵ϣŮҲһѪӷץסӢۣʩչӢ۸˳ǰ
ŽС˾Ƚˡ
ģ粻ٳµġ
ΪѾӷˣһ£еľˣȫӢ۸
ܣСġ
˼ڸͲǰ֪л᲻ɱ֮ġ
ӷ˸վȳӢʱҪǸŮˣȴϣŮ˵˫ͻȻѩɫɢı֮ǿ
ηСȻ֮塣
á
ӷ󾪣ռ֮ˣȻŮ˵ˣ


һ̣ӷ˹
ԱԱǿ
֮һ֮ΪǿıǿŮ˫һӣһɽ˷顣
ǿ󣬱̬ѽ
СӣӲڿɲ֮˵Ķ֣ΪҲ۷壬ӵкܶ磬㵽۷嶼δӱ˵ӵˡ
ռֶΣҲһ
СƵֶΣռҲ̫ˣǺռ䣬Ѿ쵽ˡ
ڸô죿
ʱ𣬿ԣҪȴӦһ
𣬱۶δ˵ֲ㡣ôҲˡ
ұ졣ǸεļһѵһҪǵֲɡΣҾҪѡ
СӣĹģӣαû㽻ˣŲãСӻұġôۣҲһûʲôˣȵĲһأȰɡ
һͬʱʧӷҲ֪ôˡ
һŭ𣬾ҪԶ
ôһεѹʵܼ򵥣Ǿ޴
ӷ罫ȫУͻһŭŭֱӳϣԽ֮ģ硣
ϾϾˣûӷһŭ𣬳ӷ罫ȿƵķǳãһͨˣɣҲֻŮ
СӣȻΣܺãһġ
Ů˵µǰһ̣ԳӷһݻԣиղŮ˵˫۱ɫʱĻôһģ˳ӷ磬κ˶
һռǿ𣬲Ҫңܿ죬ұǰռ䣬ʱҵʶһ£ôĽɫȻεķԽռ䣬Ӻ档
ãܺãСӣҾ͵ĵɱ˵û㣬磬ռ䣬̫Сˣǣضǡ
ٷϻѰɣҴԽռȻģΪϢѾǵĺˡ
ֵ˼ŮѾˣ˾ոҲˣ̳ǰеǹӵǹȫָŵڵϵˡ
һŸ˶Ѿˣѵ²ɡȫץ⣬زصģȻԼңҪеҡɡ

һɾ޴Ѷϵĸ˴󾪣ϼһѽһȴһﷸ
û뵽ѽû뵽ǻˣһ䣬Щϼһͬʱ˵
ǰǼһʹǻ˷꣬ҲٸκλˣеĵˣͳͳҪ
飬飬顭
ʱ˿̣ӷǶôϢһ£˺úþһѽĵˣȴͬ⡣
𣬳ӷȻ̧ͷ½ڵˡ


1893 λǿߵĽ
ǳӷ绹ˣѾо½Ѿ˶ʢӣҲ˵ʱܵϵֻҪϵǾ͵ڸв
½ĵһ磬߱½ЩǿߵֻҪһԽ˵ҷҪģӭս÷Ĵʩˣʲôȥ½
ԼҵвѾȫˣʣ飬ֻܽȥˣŶŷ棬Ҳ֪ô顣
ӷֻǸӢ۴кȻʹپ磬ͨ飬ҲȥˣˣȫѾˣǸŮˣдίϯûԪأӷһŭеĹǹضûУӷ͸ӲõˡˣģͲҪӷ˵ʲôڹ֪ô
֮ģԶɽȫۼ֮ģܹ۲쵽Χֻһ޴磬Ѿϵ
үүӣһսϾҪʼˡ
ѽֻϧ߶ûȫ׼áĿǰ״ʺϴ⼸̹Ѿڽˡ
ҪõԶɽ۷ɲ̫㣬̫㣬ͽϾ̵Ϊ粢ߣʱİ׾ãܲôǿԣڳԶɽ֮ǰҪȽһǿĵز
үүĴ𣿡
үүˣ˵£үү͸⹫һһͨ˼ңȴǵĹˡ磬Ҳүүĵطˡ
ӷ֮ǰ治Զɽɾͨ飬Ǽˣӷ練Ǿãһͨˣͦġ
үүȻѾˣ̵壬ͽңһ̵ʱڣǿ壬֮үүеҲԱүүƽ֮ǰƵĵҩҲүү⼸ܵ˺ȫƿȭȼյҲܲӸ
Զɽһ³ӷļЦһ̣Ҳһǳõ顣ɱɱӣѾүүԶˣΣүү˽һΰɣңȫˡ
˵ףͷĹͨɣ飬ͽˡ
ҿɰѳ˵ǰ棬ˣҪҡб£Ͱе磬ȫˡˣӷ磬ȥ׼ɣķǿ̵壬үүֻܸһʱ䣬Ϊˣǳһʱ䡣
ӷ˵ͷ̣ʵ׼𣿡
׼ˡ
Ǻã죬Ҳʱˣʶһҵĵˡ
ƣ
ӷʲôƣ񷶦ʿӷ粻Ƕַ
𣬸ҳɡ
һ˶ԣóԶɽȫˣǿ⣬ӳӷڱ֮ģ磬š
֪ģֻû뵽ҵô졣ôСӣҪô㣿
һӰ֮ĵϷ˶Ӱ֮ǰǸӵͷ۵Ĺ
Ҫһ˽ãҪǿ壬ʲôֱ˵ɣ
ӣӷҲ׼һףȻӷҲԿѾ֪ҪʲôˣֻҪӷغռ䣬ĵˣǸҽռǸӷԼҲҪȥռģȻˣֶֺΪء
ŶֻҪǿһ˵壬ǸС£ԼҲܰ쵽ġٸװˣʲôҪ󣬾˵
ҲɵϣӷڵΪҪһǿĻҲǼ£ֻҪ˵Ϊڳӷ͹ˣ̱ӷ磬ֺֹ˵ӷҪģȻǿ̵ô򵥡
ΪռĵһǿߡҲͲתĨˣҲҪҵŮǿ壬㹻ܵסүүͬʱұΪҲҪڰ졣
ڰ죿СӣڵΪŵ죬θڻһ¾𡣡
飬ֲûɹ֮ǰġ
֮ǰ֮ǰڡȻ㣬ֱӰ㵽۷嶼⣬Ƕڱ˵ҲֻգۼˡҪ㣬ΣԾʹˣǡ
ʲôֻ뵽ڰ죬۷徳磬֪Ǽ򵥵飬Ҳǿ󡣡
˰㻤壬㻤ˣҪܳܵס
ӷЦһ˵ֱ˵ҪôҲͺ𣡡
ϻ˵ģôۣ˭ܳܵס
ӣʽףҲб۵ķˡ
ڳӷԺ
ϻˣ֪Ѿһߣ֮ţڽȥ̸


1894 ˽1
СӣĿǰλãܹʵõľһϴǸС꣬Ҳֻ룬˵ǰѾͷ겢δλˡ
ӷҪ̽񷶦ɲȴͬ⡣
ԭ˵ǾŸλãǸŸߵģɾˣŸҲֻ̬룬ǵʵ壬ܽ˲񷶦
̲ͬǳӷӣҲΪҸ̫ˣһҹͷľԼഺʣϣмŮܹһģԳӷû̵˿ĳ˵̾ǳӷһ룬ӷĶ̵ġ
ڳӷҪ̽񷶦ɲȴͬ⣬ʹĳӷ翪ʼŭ
ҪҪԼڵûҵĻʲôˣʲôǡԼǺռǸһǿˣ˵ĻѾǹȥʽˣ棬ռҲͬĻҲʲôǡ
ӷ粻°ѻ˵ˣ˵ôأôҪӷ͸˵ˣǳӷ磬Ҳ˵ӷ磬ԭΪһڣӷ£Ҳù
ӣҪѾͷˣ
ⲻǷϻ𣬲ȥôǿ壿
㲻ùܣ㲻ãа취ǿ塣
Ҳܣ˵ҪȥһҪ
Ҫ׼ÿɲǱĵطӵе֮Դжǿ֪ģɲұ֤Ѿͷúܲܳܵסǿ֮ԴҲ֮ܳ⣬ڲеκ˵ġ
˼ԣвӷ磬Ҫ˽ȥԣʲô£ɲҪû㡣
вң
ʲôҵģұһ壬Ǳ𣬱㡣ڲõӦú
ӷһ£Ȼתһ̣˶׳ӷʲôûĶӷ˵Ļ
̾˿ӣԼûӲˣΪ̵ȫѽһڲ񷶦ڳʲô£ӷûȥֹ
ǺãȽȥ̸̸֮Ľס
Ǿͷϻ˵ɡ
һӳӷüӷԳԶɽ˵үү뿪һ¡
ȥɡ
ӷ˲񷶦֮ʵǵʲô
˵񷶦ӷ֮н죬ģǶ
û˵һ仰Ҳû˻ȥѯʲ񷶦һôĴڣȻĳӷ磬ǾͲЩܹȥѯʣȥµġ
ڣеһжûб䣬ΨͬģڲڶˣӦ˵ֻ࣬˵ȫͬһãһӵͷ۵ĹһƮڲڰУǵмλãȻӵһ̵ĻӰ
Ǻռ䣬Ҳ
ӷʵ
Χ壬ڵġ
ģô᣿
ˣڶʮˣһУȫᣬ˵֮ԶôණΪΪĹϵϲѧʲô൱Ŀ졣
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵˵ǰʱҲǿǶλˡ
ڲǿʱǱ壬˵°ɡȻҲ̫ķϻ
˰ɣӦ˵ҾǲǴӦǵɡ
ôüӶ˶˵ںСˡҲգ˭Ҫء
αļһͱǰװˡ֮ǰжԣھһ壬ʲôΪҲ֪ΪռĵһǿߣȻʱͬһҽ˺ռ䣬ʵѾ൱ǿ֮£Ǿͻ룬ҵȰ˭ˡ
ӷ⻰һ˵ʵǿɲվͬһϣԳӷǺܲġ
ǲôۣȻܳΪռĵһǿߣǾͲһĻɫӷСۣῴ
СӣٸףǶ֪ˣ⼸ĵУƲɡ
ӣǲһߣҽ֮ǰҲӦ˶Բ߰ɡ
ȻģȻʲôԼҲӦ׼ɣ
ˣûʱǷϻôࡣ½ۿˣҲ֪ǵҪǣռ䱨ġȻҪҰǱǸԵǱǲӦøңںռˣ˭ڡ
˵㣬ô۱ȱҪʮ꣬ǾôۣһǴ˵еĺռɡ


1895 ˽2
ôںռʮ꣬ͬʱôӷڵһҪ֪ģǺռôķʽʱġ
ʮ꣬Ƕʱ䣿
˵һһ꣬ʮҲʮꡣ
Ǻռˣһܻõʱ䣿
һ˵Ϊģ۷壬ԻңΪռһģѾ֪ˣ۷֮Ҳǿġռ˶Ҫǳ֮ߣÿһǶӶġ
ռˣΪ۷֮󣬿Ի꣬һһ꣬ô꣬ˣǹطˣ治һĳѽЩͨĽɫ˵ҲҪǧҰɣ
ǵ˶绹ҪҪģ˵˵һҪߵҪôģ
˵ںռ䣬ǳ࣬ռռһ𣬶ûкռʮ֮һңռ磬᲻ϵһˣ߱Ӷˣͻеڶȫµ֣ǺռһȻ򣬴Ͳı䣡ҲΪˣܺռȥӶ磬ᵣĺռеԽԽ١ںռ磬Ƿ˵ȼģԽǿ͵Խ󣬵ȼԽߣߵĵȼΪ߼ȻΪһˣֵȼҲǰԪضġ
û뵽ںռ䣬磬еȼֵ֮ģռˣǽȼķǳأͨˣ˶㲻ϣһ˵һǱĽɫͽᱻǵĳΪ䱦ĺǻǸͨģһǱûеˣǸ磡
ȻӷŲĻҲĻУ뵽һڲܡ
ռһܲͣĿռ䣬㣬ֿԴ磬ƬԭۣСռ䣬˾ڤ֮綼ģҿɲԲ²⣬ִΪںռʱ򣬾Ѿ˺ռȻ򣿡

ӷһ˵ʱһ㶣ô۴Ц
Сӣ㻹治һĴӣĴģҲһַͬ츳
˵𣿡
ûһΪںռʱȻܳΪǸʱеĵһǿߡ
̾˿˵סôǸ˵ʱ򣬲֪նԾʵһ̣һеһжΪ˸ơ
Ǹˣӷʵ
һôۣһʱû˵ôҲʱ̾˿˵ǵı֮⣬ͬʱҲǵҡȷһµ
һ¡˼ģѵͬһˣ
ûͬһˡ
ѽǸղŻ˵ǿǿߣҲֻܻ֮꣬ʮ꣬ôܻͬһˣ
֮ǰѾԵİܱʸ˵һ飬ҲΪԾû뵽ǰģȻͬһˣǸˣҲһĴڣȲ˵֪ķΧҲ󲻵ġ
ӵô̫࣬˴ļһﶼη壬Ϊģ
ô˵ΣΪ˵ģȻһˣͬʱԪء
Ԫأ˼˵ҲҵѪԪڣ
ûԪⶫÿһˣֻӵһ֣˵һӵԪأǶԪصĻֻתԪأ㣬ҲӦǰǹԪأ֮ӵ˺ڰԪڣڵĺڰԪأȴֱȥʹãҪĶʹãٵڣĹԪظڵĺڰԪضʧˣתΪѪԪأһӵвͬԪصת̡ǸˣȴͬʱӵԪأܽԪؽһʹãѾĴˣͳҲ֪ķΧ
һӵԪأԹԣӷ絽ڶֻ֪ԪأںռǱߣȴѾһ˿ԪˣǾͲ˵ӵŶǿˣΪ̶ֳȣӵж磬ǿ󣬶Աˣ͸Ů˵һһŮ˵ʣ˺òĻǸŮˣ˵УͬʱҲУ
Ԫأ˹ڰҵѪ֮⣬Ԫأ
ô˵ԪǣԪأԪأԪء
ԪӦڵϵģΪԪӦǷϵģԿΪҶ⡣Ԫʲô
ԪزأͬʱɽʯڣԪҲǷ磬һڡԪأһִȡԪأΪ֮ģԪҲߴԪرģԱ֮ʩ磬ԪضսԪأԪؾͿԴԪгȡ侫ڣԪء
ԭԪأ͸ħеˡ
ɡ
ѪԪأ֮ǰ˵ѪصģظرӦòһɣ
˵ȻһǴгȡΪ֮ãѪ棬һ־ԵƻԪأҪκηȡӵűģֻҪӵ߲Ͳϣܶصˣ᲻ϵǿ
ʲôЦܶص˶ǿΪʲôûо
ΪѪԪظոɲãδȫȶһȶ֮ͻ֪ѪԪصĿ֮ˡ
ѪսʲôͬԴҵѪгȡģ
ȡѪе֮ǰѪԪصƻѾȡˣûˣôȡ


1896 ˽3
˵ںռ䣬˱ΪӶ֮⣬һеֶΣȫԪˡԪأѪԪ֮⣬Ԫأγɵģ
ûҲ˵ԪأʵһָǿԪأҲҪϱΪܽԪطӵ쾡¡ΪԽߣӳԪͻԽ󣬶ΪųӶ֮⣬ֻ֮ܿԴˣȻںռ䣬ν֮ԴͽԴҲɿռһȻ
ںռ飬ڣӷѾŵ˽һˡǣһ㣬ӷ粻̫ףʵΪͬԪزµǿ߶ʲôȡʤģǻۣ
ô۸ȫһЦڳӷ⣬ǿҲһЦ㡣
ռ䣬ǿ߿ռ䣬ǻȻҪȴ̫ãһһʱĵһǿߣ˾ԵʵʱûõġǸˣһرĵطҲΪҪһ㡣
˵˵ȻѾʽˣǶǸ֪Խ࣬ʱĻԽ󡣡
ô˵ΪرһǣԪأʱȫȴ޷κε˺
˵ʲô޷κ˺ڸҿЦɣǿǿߣ˵Ҳ޷κ˺ѽ
ǰܱҪԭ򣬲ȻΪĻǸ˲ӵԪأͬʱյһеԪءȻҲֻǸϼ
ʲô˼ҪңеڶӵǰǿеĻһǱȥռˣȥ˸ûʲôֱǲԴΪ㱾£ԶԿǵĺݽɫ
ԪصˣǺռġ
Ǻռ䣿ѵ򣿡
Ҳǡ
Ҳǣǡ
û档
У˰ɣƬУôܻСȵȵȣòңǸ˻ǡ
ûǸ˾ĸ׳ۡ
ЦˣҰ޵У֮ǰľصСǴξѾ˵ռȫµ׷ܻ˵Ԫ֮ˡ
ô˵ǧȷģҲԼġ
ң
ǲǵһαʿ£ʱ㸸׼ʱϵ꣬ռ塣Ϊ㸸׳ۣñʧߵģʱԲȫȥ㸸ףеԪأȫ㸸׸յˡ
Ҳ˵ˣǲȫڵǾ͡
ҲգΪԪֵֶֻܵյģֲԴҲΪ
ѵʥʿĹϵ
ʥʿǻƽʿʿֵֻܵԪأԪأ㣬۱κ˶
ѽô۾ʿһʿȻ˵ʿֻֿܵԪأǾһաǣȴգе˵ȥˣ
ǿҪһ£ĺʱڣ֪˶ˣǸʱ˵ҸףҸ׵ǰʦǳλĳȣŶûأ
۴ûɹ˻㸸ףһԿ϶Ǿǣ㸸ӵŸǸһһԪصɣҲ㸸׵ֻڻδѡ
˵Ҳһʲôֱȥռ䣬Ҿ޵еĴڣһӵѪԪأһԪأֻҴˣû˴ҡ
Сӣ̫˰ɣֻǻɣڲûһ뷨һģǾǽռҵ㸸ףı£ںռ䣬ֻҪ֣ŲҪ죬ռ䣬ֻҪǵǸˣ㸸ܳΪһĺһǿߡ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦԼĸȥһط޵УԼأǸطҪѺôľӣһ޵еĸףҲǾԵĺѽԼѹʵ̫ˡ
ںռΪֽĵһǿߣǳӷܹȥ˭򲻹˿ɾͶѼȥˡ
ʵңڵںռ䣬ŵһôλ棿
ʵ˼ҪԼ
ϻȻԼˡ
㵽۷֮Ӧÿһǿٮٮ߰ɣ
ʲôǿҪ۷壿ⲻѰ𡣵ãӾһˣǸĵط˭ȥ˭ȥǲȥˣˣ
ôûӷıԹֲνǿΪӵѪԪأǰԪأƨ㲻ϣ
ڰԪأǴ͵ѽ
ڰǳǿֻռռˣòöѡۣǺڰԪأ𣬾ǹԪأ㸸׳ۣͬǹԪأʣڰôܻ
ôܲҾȥռɣȲ˵ռ䣬ǰ½Ӧˡ
ˣСӣ˵ô࣬ǰһΪ𡣡
û֮ǰģȻ˵ұںռһжǿĴڣѪԪأҲ鷳ǰȶһˡ
˼Ŀ԰㣬ѪԪأǰﲻ㣬ֻһ㡣
Ȼû⣬Ǿˡ
ѪԪߴԪصģҲֻǸ˵ϼһ㶼˽⣬ǰҲ˵ˣ˵ܰ𡣲ȻѪԪΪڵĳѪγɵģǳҵѪµ㹤ɣܹĵ㡣
ԼҵѪûԼѪԪ֮ԻѪĹؼӣһûԼ


1897 ׼
ںռ飬ӷҲʣʶˣ˷ʱ䣬û֮£ʵģҲ̫ãҪļӷѾ֪ˣԪأкռЩһΪһôλ棬ӷ綼˽һ£ֻ˵ˡûϵӷô۸ѪԪ˵ĶأϳѪƿȭٲҲȥģȫ棬ȫͷţҪռһ˽һ¾Բ⡣˵ˣռ˲ǺҵΪ𣬿ɳӷ磬ȴԽ޵Ĵ磬ֻҪõ磬Ҳǲô˵ĵߵ磬ž͵Ϊǧʱɡ
㣬һ£ڲڵľŴԪ񣬵ʲôôĴڣģǡ
˵ľŴԪֻǱľŸˣ߱޵ģҲӵű걾ֳҪõģҲ˵ŸǾŸػߣػŲõģڲøҲػãҪʱŸˡֻǱû뵽СӾȻñľŸԸĵˣÿδ򲻹ͷųԪ񣬰ץ
ǿߣڼã㣬ںռĲûùɳӷȴˣҲ˵ǵĲͲмֶΣӷȴںô࣬ȻܰﵽԼģΪʲôã˷Ѷϧѽ
Ȼ˾ŸΪʲôҪŸλã
⻹ΪС𡣱֪СӵĻеصģûŸݸô֮ǰһ취Լ˸ȻˣǱֺαضء˽ԣҲǱģȻڲ֮󣬱Ҳ½Ÿλˡˣʵ壬ǲܽģֻǵ룬㣬ҪǱСãǱ𻨷˶ĹģǸ˶ܽĻǶڱвͲС
ã͵ǲڣȻ˽ģֻһ˵룬Ǿ͵ڲƿ֮УҲͲκвˡ
ԭˣǼȻѾ֪һУŸλãǲǴ㳷ˣ
⵹ãǾŸҲͣģǵ԰ﵽԲ
ʲô˼
ģǲ˺Щ˵ģǣڲʱ鱾С
ĵ׬Ǯ㣬ӷ绹ܽܵġֻȻڲõһжˣôȥǣ
ӷ粢ûжʣȻС˵˻ӷֺαȥСˣʲôء
Ѿǲˣʲôʱܵ䣿
Ҫ㵽۷֮󡣡
ǲǵ۷壬ͿԴˣ
˵ڡ
ʲô⣿
֮󣬵ȷǿ޵Ĵ磬ԭҲǼǳ򵥵飬ֻҪȥԴͿˣ򵥵飬ȴԼĸӻˡ
ʲô˼
㽫һǿץʱѾһǱʶĴǰᣬҲ˵ѾϰܾԼɵġ
Ҳ̫ףȻǵԼķΪʲôֻᰴҵķУ
Ϊÿαӡ񷶦ɣͬһӤɣһ¿ʼǴķȻҲı䡣
ÿαӡ˵ÿʲô˼
ⶼǺռǼһɵĺ£˱𣬸һ޿ȵ˺ǵ˺±޷ͻƵھű䣬ֻҪűδɣǾͻ±ӡ
ǰ½ҲΪ޷еھű䣬Բš
ûֻҪ޷ͻƵھű䣬Ǳ޷Լٴαӡ񷶦ôԼҲ֪Ǳת˰첻԰ﵽ޷ͻƵھűȴԣҲǱĵġ
Ǿűֻ֮ʲô
ԥˣӦ˵ԥͲ߳ӷ磬ӷҲ˸ףһһҪ鲻Լ£ű֮йءҲű֮ͲҪӷˣҲܸôһҪɵӷ磬ռݳӷ壬ЩӷڶںԺ飬Ժŵ˲ű֮󣬳ӷ籾ҲޱǿĴڣʱͿ˭ѹƵס˭ˣĿǰԼΪҪġ
һ⡣
ʰɡ
ǹġ֪ںռ䣬ʲôڣ
⣬Ѿڵ˺ռ֣ӷȻ֪̫ˣҲҪ
ռ䣬ôǸʱǻҵʱû䣬Ҳû˳ưԣˣΪһǿߣõһŰˡɵ˱ʱռѾ˺üףУԺĴ½ΪںĴ½УźܶЩһͳϽڱ𣬹һˣǣ޹ҡ
أ
ô˵ͳ£⣬ûУ
ʲô£һ룿
ûѾ뿪ô꣬㱾۶ûҲѾȫˡ
ⲻ˵ϻ𣬵˼˵ҹȥˣҲһˣûκ˰ң
ֻҪʵ㹻Ǳ߻ǿԽԼģ㣬㲻Ǻ𣡡
ˣϻ˵ȰΪ
졣
NOٵڰ졣
û⣬ҪΪѪԪػδȶڰֱӵڰ죬ǾͿܶƿѪԪϰϾ㱾ϳһ׶ΣǾ͵ͨѧûжѧֱ˴ѧûѧ֪ʶΪѧĶҪѧᣬǿɾͱȱѺö౶
˵ûǶҪһӷǰѪԪصĻδȣĻɾͲǼˣҪȽѪԪظȶܿΪϵٶȽ⡣
ȻˣǾȵɡٶҪ죬½ʱǵġ


1898 
ӴʯͷϵⲻӦ˵һʯͷΪʯͷոսϵȻﲻ֪˶ٱ
һ磬һռ磻½е磬Ѿ㳲ƱҪƱҪӷɱ
ǿߣҷνƾУڳ˵ѾΪһЦϾ½ǿʵ̫ˣ۷徳ǿߣҪ
ɶһսģѾǿˣɼǿ߹ܸ㶨Ļ½ҲͲҪ㳲Ѿˡ
̫ӣѾ
ž
Ķ⣬һߵϣ۵ģͬһߡ
˶Ϸˣ̫ӣѾΪһεʣԺ˭ҺĻ·һ
ʵ̫ӵΪ½ЩԭͲʵˣ˳ۡɺΣ˭̫ѾǿأʶԸ˵ˣЩһǾ͵֮£Ҳֻܹ齵̫ӡ
̫һ֧ʵȨȣʵı֮ϣѾ棬˵ڵϵ˵һһˣֻҪɣͿͳռ䣬иռаĻᡣ
ȥ
Ҳû̫ƽϣֲ̫ɵϣڻǸЩϼһ﷭ʱԼҪǣ˳ңֻҪһеһУ˵
ֱӿ磬ڱû֮ǰκˣý롣
֮ǰѾԹһοˣ½ȫ˵磬̫ѵһɱ磬˳֮󣬾ѾǸͨˡ
վ̫ߵеֱȥ£ˣҲѾصԼĸλֻǵȴ̫ӵʲôǶ첻ˡ
ʣһ£·ǳġ
ǵĳҷ棬ʲôûгֹ
ĵĲǳңѾߵһΪУǵĵƣҲҪ֮ǰ뼸ԾʱҲһһֵĵģʡ
ʣָģ̫ӵĸס
̫ӵ˵ͷ˵ĵģĵĸûҪȻʵıɱϾҸʵĶӣǲôģܻͬĻҲܶôֻҪٹκ£̫ϻʾˡ
룬Ҳġʵһ£֪û
ʲô£
ǰεõֻصġ
˵ʴ򿪹һκ֮ţŵõĴֻ𣡡
ֻǴ԰ˣ£Լɴδ׿ڳϹ
˼ǡ
ǵģǰʸû򿪹֮š
ʲô
̫ȻһʼֻԺռ䣬ǿ϶ģǰʸû򿪹֮ţʣⴴֻأǴӺζġ
ѻ˵һ㣬ҪתĨǡ
ǣʵͻɹǰͲʴ򿪺֮ţõֻصģǺռǱߣʽӴֻأҲǺռǱߵˣʵġ
ôһ˵̫˶ˣҲܹ̫ӣСģ˵ģǰǺռǱߵϵʵģҲ˵ǰ͸ռǱӴˡһΣ̫Ӷ֮⣬ʲ֪٣һʵ뷨̫ӵ뷨ͬΪ¶֮λʻ᲻ٴϵռ䣬Ӻռأ
̫վ֮ڲͣ߶ţû߶š
ϸ֪ͨǱߵˣ뾡һа취ʰҳռϵȴκˣһǴű󲻵Ұġ񣬱ʵ澫裬֮λضݵģ⽫һȳҸв
ǣ֪ͨˣҳֻҪ˻򣬾һҵĵʣڤ磬֪ûУ
һ㣬Ͼڤĵһ磬磬ǳҵϼңҪȫҪһʱġ
ֻҪڿս֮ǰȫǵʤȶˣҪκεĵģʿûеĴֻأԾڤ磬ʾҲǿ֮һսġ
ҲǱΪʲôֱӽԭΪľǻҪһʱ䣬ȫ˾ڤ֮󣬱ʽֱսӷ磬һΣģһ


1899 ľ
磬ڳԶɽδ̣ϳӷֲڣߵ飬ɳԶɽˣȫȴųԶɽ½չյһսһսȲ˵ģ٣磬õõƽκεˡ
үӣѾϵڳ翿
Ǹմ֮Ļصڵľƣ˵ǵ󣬶˵˵ǵ⽫һ֮սΪˣΪгǳҪģҲ˵ɱ֮⣬½ǿߣͳͳɱ
ô˫ǰģҷǿߣ½̫⣬ӲӲĴ򷨣һʤҲûСڣ½ҲΪҲ£˳ҵһˣѾǳˣǳӷ磬ӷڵʿ񷶦
ôٶȿģ
Զɽɣϣ޾ĵǣҲ֪ӷڵôˣ˲񷶦һô̬Ǹǿˣǡ
̫ȥ񷶦ڻᷢʲô£ԶɽҪģȶߵƣɲҪûϣѾһ롣
˵ٶȺǳ֮ǵٶ˵ֺ뿿硣

ԶɽǲȻ˶ѾǵϼҸ˹Ǿ˵еǿȫ˹һսǱضģȻˣΪʲôҪٶȿأڵʲôڵȴһʱԭ
ľһڱһ䣬ǰϾǳӷĵˣ˶֪ʵݣҲû̫ȥӽһ̫Σˡ
Ҫ˵黹ûô⡣
ľǺٷģվˣȫ
ﳤյеɬľ˵ˣǰ˵棬ȥϢһ°ɣ飬үӾͺˡ
ľһ̫࣬ݰǳʮãټһ¶е㲻֪ȥԴ
ӽ첻ˣøӹһȥ
ľֱϣȴ·סˣǰڲʱ㻹˵ɡ
棿ûʱ档
ľأһôˣﶼڲǿʱ㻹һߴȥɡ
˵
˵Ѿͷӣ㻹ͦǳ𡣡
Ҳûʱʲô˵ʵˣϴε飬ӲҪЩӲʿҲʧأڵû£ȻסȻҲӷ֮⣬ǿһ֪һɱһҲȫ֣ˣ˵ɣҪɱʱȻֵĻᡣ
˵û˳ӷ磬ľؿ˵ǿģ裬ľذֱӳ嵽۷徳ģǳԶɽƽʿĿǰ״˵δľصĶ֣ǰĹŵӣ˵һ仰ȴܻӭʵеЦˡ
ãǳãȻ˵ǵʱɱҲǡ
ľؿɲǽоҲǽоʱ򣬼ȻǲҵԼˣó޵УѵںЩɣˣʱһ˶սˡ
Զɽ˵ľصĻϷȻ˵κһϻɼȻǳ޵Уˡ
үү˵Ļ𲻵κã˷Ǵҵʱ䡣
̣ҪţǳĵӣǸ֮˵ˣǰ飬ֲǲ֪Ҳֻܸӷ󡣡
үӿɱЩһҪĶࡣ
ľأǳ޵УѾԼˣʲôֱ˵ɡ
ӵĿܼ򵥣ֱɱȥ
ƴţѾëɡĴȥ
һͷţɲ˴¡
˵ʲôľأΪǿˣӾͲҶ㡣
Сɫգ֮䣬ֱɱ
㡭
ˡһ˵һɡ
ֹסƴţԵıǰʵľأôɱȥ
ӣѾͷҲˡȻҶ˷ʱ䣬Ǿӣĵһɱȥ
ľأɱ˵ĻǾͲȥˡĿģϷ򻹿Կһ¡
ӵĿģǾڤ硣
ڤ磿
ˣȫ໥һۣȻȫľء
ˣһˣѾӶ˾ڤ磬ڤ磬ǵļ磬ȴռеĵһ硣룬ǸһڤɹӶˣˣôĺ
Զɽһ£˵ڤ汻ˣǶ˵һ޴в棬Ϊǿ󣬿һһ˾ڤ磬ǣ͵Ҫʡ
үүô𣡡ʵ
Բţľ˵ûڤ类Ǹ̫ӶˣҲԲȫǾΣˣһʣһ˾ڤ̫ӣǾһʤ㶼ûˡ
ߣ֪̫Ӷ֮λһõʵľ裬ڵԶԶԽʣɹڤĻӷ磬ʿһսˡ
ľأϷ͸һǿģǣȥ̽̽ǧҪס
ģô˵Ҳɹĵһ󽫣飬˭


1900 
֮⣬ʮǼߣ£Ǭɽȫ
̹ǵȴĴ¼˵ΪѾٶˣ档
Ȼ뿪򣬿ɲģǾԶɽǰѾϵ½̽ģӵģҲǳӷ磬ľء
ľĵˣ죬ȴųӷţֵܣãѽ
˵Сձøұȵ½ǴӺƹȥܱ˷ˡ
ºǵģľȻǵˣΪԼˣľҲǰͬˣǰľأʲô¶յĺܣûо԰յ飬ǲɵģ˵ÿаնԸӷ綼ʧˣȴľصĴΪҪʧܣȻӷôɳ
ľأǱһˣĳ嶯ˣ֣һĳȥӲʶǸľأȫˡ
£ѵҪǼСӽ̲ɡٸӷϻ£˵㣬ʲôʲôĸôϻ
ľأǲ㣬Ϊ˸ǰȫͬˡǰ㣬ǵĵˣµʱǶģϾı棬Ӧò᲻ӷ١ڵ㣬ǳ嶯ǳǿϴεɣ㡭
̣Ҫձ˵ҿǰǰʦҲǳ۵һҵʦھϣΪϣսϣҶһһĴڣԣǲҪκ¡
ڻ治˵ʲôľ˵û޵УȷǳʦͽܣȻһѾתˣļȴǴڵģҲѾȫˣǾĵһʵ
ǺðɣģҲòҪҾ˵⣬ȥ½ɡ
һĹˣѾ½ȴе㲻Ծ½Ѿϵȴһ㶯ûУΧһ½˶
ȱ𼱡
Ѿˣ춯ֵĻǸ̫˾ڤ鷳ˡ
ľҪǶһӶ˾ڤ磬֮ʲôһż
¡¡
ʱ½Χеʯȫ½ƻ
ʲô£
ã̫ڤ磬Ѿһˡ
Ǹô죿
ûİ취ɱȥֹ
ȷʱ򣬵ȷûбĵطȥֹ̫ˣɹ˾ڤɱȥǾн޳ˣȫܻ̫ӵĶ֡
һ̫֮⣬½һʡҲ˵ڱҪʣҵ̫չصĵطС
ľسΧɨһۣ˵·
Ҫ֣һ𣬰ʵɢǸ
һȥܱ֤ҵǸ̫𣿡
ƴţһ£˵ֻһƴˡ
ţ˵ûΣֻһƴˡ
˶٣ľ¶һЦݣһЦһΥЦЦ̸о
ʲô
Ϊֹڤ磬Ҳֻնˡ
ãһ
ɱȥ
ˡ
ľȫǿֱӽˣԭأһҲˣԼȴѾƿǣ嵽½ĺ档
쵰ôǿ½һˡ
ϻĿģû˵𣬾Ҫնʹ˵ģһǰҪһȥֹǸ̫ӣǣȻͿ֪Ľȥˡ
쵰Ŵˡ
վڴ˵һ㶼ûǡ
ߺˡ
ѾǷϻˣ½ڣѾ˼ʮˣʱ֮䣬ͽǸΧ
ɫ׵ʿһߵĴ֮£Ѿ̵ŰΧסΪľصѹƣûκһܷġ
߿ǵˣɵüͷ˵Ǵ͵ϮˡܿϧΪ½ֵסȫסһ֪ߵغļһ
߻Ϊ½ķǸסˣ첻֪ѾˣǱ½֮ڡ
ǡ
ƴţδ䣬Ѿ̸ֹסˣţ졣ǵȷǣˣͲܹˡ
ǡ
ˣ˵ûЩˣǲ֪ߵغΪҵϱҸûǡ
ʲô
ߣƴţʱ򶼷Ӧ˹ҲǴΪԾ
ѽû˵˭Լȴߵ˭ҵϱ䵽˵˵鷳ˡ
û뵽ѽҵϱȻ͵ϮңϷ֮֡˵ǲǳӷţ
ûҾǡ
ܺãǳãڳӷŮ˶ϷϷ뿴ʲô½
̣ûġ
Ҳˣȫû
û֪ﵽôģԱҲˣϸ
ˣϷȫȥǷֺǳӷŮˡ
ֺûҪĿġ
Ȼ̲ɵĿЦһĵȻǶնǽͿˡľأϣ㲻Ҫʧ


1901 ֮
½ʵڣ̫һӵϢ̴ӱչصĵطˡ
˵һŮˣⳡսۣȡʤĻֶֺΪأȻץס˳ӷŮˣģ̫ȻҪڵһʱ䡰Ӵһ£˵Ҫڤ磬ͿԳˡ
ԣ̫ӵ뷨Ҫ̵ȥвӷ磬óӷһ㷴ضûУ̫ӾͿԲսʤˡ
ǣӷյ˵ҪЮ˶ǳۣںܶʱ򣬶ҸˣҲ˸ҡΪ˴֣ǳӷ磬ǳҵκһˣСңɴҵģ㣬ӷȫıۣӷκ˺ԼߵˣԼߵвĻͽһЩ˶󲻵£ͬϴνδץ˹¶ԺһģңҪһƷȥǡ
ʵڣ̫ʵı֮ϣ̵һۿȥһǳԾǲûм̫ӣ̫ϴʱҲͳӷԣ֮£Ȼ̫ӵʡ
û뵽ʣȻᡣ
̲ɵĿЦǸļһͣͲŶʮͷȻ̫ӣҲǻģʵϣ˳֮⣬ռǲģֻҪ۷ľ磬˵Ҳܻҡ
̫ԳʣȻȥ˵Լ֮ǰλ飬ΪҪģȽ£Ҹˡ
֪ҵˣŵȱʴŵģһ˹ֻ벻ģȻǳӷŮˡ
̫ںǵ⣬ϴΰڳӷΣһҪӷʬΡ
ΪץǣͿóҾͷҲδ̫˰ɡ
ҶЩʲôˣʺİ˼ԶȥʱǾٺݵˣҪһº
룬ǾɱҰɣҵ뿴֮³ʲô
𵱱ɵӡĳӷ磬Ϊδ۷徳磬ĵʵ̫ࡣ˵ʵûо԰յ֮£Ҳ׽硣ڣѾ˰ٷ֮ʮŵİա
ץǣ˰ٷ֮ʮŵİգʣµİٷ֮һʲô̫ҪоԵİգЩȥвһǲģڤ磬ҲҪ뾡һа취ȥ
ƴţ־ͷӸƴˡ
ţ
ʱľѾǱ½ҲѾǱʵ
ľصΪ˵ҪǱʵͲʲô£ҪطһĿ꣬ɾͲǼ׵ˡ
һʣ
ľض棬غϢʱڣǲֵܱġ
ȻľҲ̫ãûаһĿֹڤ磬ľؾͻѡʱٶ֡
̫ӣ
ľǳ޵УǰȻûвǳĸĴսȴ֮ǰЩ̫ӣڵ꣬͸ľ̵ӡһһҰļңҰ֮󣬾Բ֮¡
Ϊʲô̫ӳ棬ʣ̫ӵûгɹڤ磬ڣҲо˿ĵϢѵûнڣ
ľѾת䷽Ĵ㣬Ŀֹ̫ڤ磬ڤ粻̫ڣľؾͲҪˣȥֹ̫ڤ磬ֱӽڤˣԭ
ǡ
ڤʲôطأӶߵڣһ磬ǲܴطġӣ̫ӣһʲôǿķ֮ڵģܽڤ綼սȥ
̫ڿɲ̫ϻÿһ˶ԼĿ꣬ľصĿѾת˾ڤ磬ܽһĵһ磬Լļ绹ܴȥ̫ӵĿ꣬ǳӷ磬ǣֻвӷģвҲǣסӷ磬ʱ򣬲ҪǶ˵ʲô
ʴȥúÿ
ǣʱ¡
š
ʱ̫ӵȻһ䣬ɵЦȻ֮㡣
֮㣿
ˣѵľرˣ汻ˣԼЩǰװױץ
ôãʾȻڲŷ֣ӣҲѽزصģɡ

һӰϷ£ľأվǰ
ˣʲôˣ
̾˿ԼЩ˱ľصնֻҪľܳɹǻǲġڣľػδ֣Ѿˡ
̫ӣΪҲѾһľѽ
̫ӣ
ƴţһ˵ԭСӸͲʣ
νʣֻĵһ˰ˣ˭ܳΪһˣ˭ʡ
¾Ȼ֪ʵʣմ
̫Ӳľأһ֪ԼݣѾܲˣʵ飬Լ£ûϵҲķϻ
ţĵʦ£޵Ҳ


1902 ѱ䣿Ǽı
ǰڤһ󽫣ʦ£޵С˵ģǳ޵ĸ֣ǰѾռˣǱߣҲ֪޵еĴϾĳʦ۵ǰһŵӣҪԸڤ磬ǳս֮ǰͱ뽫ڤϵڳЩǿߣǷǳġ
ڣľԱţʹΧһЩǿߣȫٶȣվ̫ǰ
̫޵ĸ֣ҲޱȵĳԾû뵽첻һӷŮˣһ޵С
ǰľĵһʦĹŵӣ޵У
һվǰ棬УһֻһѾ޴Ĵ󵶳
ǶԸЩˣߣڳˣǲҪκηģɳ޵вͬǸǳǿĴڡ

ľطųһЦ˵ôţû㶯֣һ³
ʣ˵ڵһˡ
̫ӿľأʵǱɱģ
ôģǵڻ֪ɼȻǱһӷ磬ֶһ޵УǼһ˱޵˵ģΪǰüĵһһսˡ
Ŀʲô
ǲһģԿ϶Ȼ޵еʵǲôץӷŮˡ
˼˵޵˵ģ
˵꣬ľȽӻҪᣬǵһϵûС˵Ѿ㳲ˣ˵ŷǳԾȳӷһǰΪģڳӷ֮ǰһս
̫һ£޵е˼ԣսģսȴս飬ΪսģԼԼսʵģԴ޵УûдеôֻǸӰˣˣ̫˵Ҳκεв
սҸʵģ
ûȻѾѻ˵ˣǾͱϻʳɣ꣬Ӻȥ˯
˼Ҹβû
Ŷ
ľЦһҲѾһ־ΥЦˡ
û½ȴˣ̫ӵĴģ˵ʲô
ľѾµˣӣҲѾһˣڵʣǰǸʣѾˣĿǰΪ׵ģǰ̫ӣҲһεʡ
ľؿɲ˵ʲôʲôҪεĿģǾҪװһһûӣֻɱɱļһѰҾڤ磬ҲǺкôġ
ãӻϰʺ޵еȴ꣬Ϊ˽졣ǰӮҾڤ磬죬ӾҪڤ磬һս˭ǿߡ
ľ⻰˼ûӷ統ǳ֮Ҫӷ磬ΪǰĵʧܱģĻǾ˵ǰһӷ磬Ͳһ·ģֻҪǵ˵ĵˣǾлΪԼѡ
޵Уңһʱǿߡ뵱꣬ʱҲŹĴֻϧˣûһսɼȻˣҲˣǺβúģ֮дһ£˵֮䣬ܳΪء
̫ҲǸˣ֪ĿǰԼҪʲôûվԼߵսѣʵҪޱǿģԶĳ޵Уõѡ֮⣬ռ䣬ҲԸԼΪսѣҿӷԿĴˡ
ƶߣ˵һﵽʲô
ǬҲƹ˵ԣԶǺ꣬ǲܳԿġǰΰӷ֣֮ҲǳĺǰҪһһȫµĿʼȫµȻһжµģǾͿ׷µġ
˼ǣһҪѱ䣿
ѾˣȰǸˣܳûһǵ˼ҲѾûѾڤ·ˡٿǸϴȴԼϴļһ£ľأΣǿ﷭ˣ
ƴţ˵ǻʲôƴ˰ɡ
ƴʲôƴ
Ŵƴ
ûõģľվһǾŴľز𲻵κãᱻסġˣľصǰǾĵһ󽫡
ѵľ𣿡
ȻչزҲֻˣ
̾˿˵ʵľôģѾûˡ
ľȴЦӳΪѣǾҪСûǸˡ
ãȻսǱʾһսɡ
ȻʣѾˡ
ǿΪˣŶڸ˵Ҳİɡ
ûǾӿûʸӳΪѰɡ


1903 Ͷϣ
ľص͵̤أʵ̫֮⣬ˣȫ岽Ǽкܶʿȫ˵ϡ
һ̤ţȻ˵ɼľص֮ǿѾǵ⻹ǰǸľѵ޵ǿ󣬸ӷΪϣй֮޲ѽ
໥һۣų޵еţ죬ļʶˣһİųҵĻ˵ʵ˵Ǹ޴в
죬ڽ죬ܽ޵иҲȥȥˣӷ֣̫˾ڤ磬Ҳ򲻹ѽ
ĳЩʱǿߣҪ࣬һѾ㹻ˣһֵܵסǧҲ֮սͨʵ֮ս
̫ˣ֮ǰûֱӸľӲƴȻ治һռκεıˣ֪ľظʲͬΪǰʦһս˶ûãľأľĵһתΣСѾõȫĽ⣬һУҲǳʦǰѾԤƵģһ޵Уľأǳҳӷ֮⣬Ϊǿһơ
ǣ죬ľ̫վһǾƾ͸պ෴ˣ̫˾ڤ磬һľأӷ粻ô۵ǾԶġ
ڵһΪӷ絣ġ
ˣľѱ䣬Ƕӷ磬һв
ɩ̫ˡ֮ϡ
ѽӷ֮ϣǵȫڳӷ籾ģڣҲ˹Գӷܵһôĳ̶ȣû˻֪
Ҷ׼һľѱˣǾҪһȥвӷ磬ҲС
ס
̫ʱѾǰ˫ȭգͻأһȭͳľش˹ȥʵľʹʵ
ãǼʶʲôʵ㣬Ӳ
ľرֵʮ˷ܣдԵĸ֣ǿߣѾˡ
ɣʶһ£ӵ޵ȭ
ľҲ͵һȭ
¡¡
˫ȭһΧˣڣȫʮÿһˣľظ̫ӵ
ľ̫ȭͷûڶʱ֮ڳȥˣԱΪǿȫȭͷϣ·һ֮ս˶ǲµµΪ໥֮䣬ĳ̶ֳ˵ͬһԺֵܣǶս˵ϣЦݡ
̫ѾԿ϶ǰˣԼҪģΪԼõĻǽԼĴҵ޴İ
Ȼľʲô̫ӣڳ˶ס
һȻҲ£ӷԹǳӷжʤ㣿
ľصţ⻰Ȼǲ˵ġ
δڤ磬Ϳҵȭԣһ㶼ûʾӣ֮磬Ҳ̫֮ӣǰǸʣҪǿĶ࣬٣־棬Ҫǿ౶
ʱľƴĻȻռˣҲɵ뿪һ嶼ûˡ
ȻˣǾƴɡ
˵ҪƴҪƴľףͬʱ̫Ҳס
ĵһȻ鴫ʦĹŵӣǿޱȣ£ʰ·硣
̫ӾȻôһףһգͬʱľҲʱǿ򣬾̫ӣ½ȫľҲ൱ģԼĿģҲ޷ɡ
ܺá
ֵʱľҲ֪ôˣͬһʱ䣬ȫջˡ
ƴţԱߣ֪ڵǸʲôľأôġ
ǣȫˡ
·ľؾͳƵģЩǵǿһ¡
ʲôȻҡ
졣
̫Ӵŭһߵ϶ʱһ԰ѽ
ʡ
˵
ǡ
Сɫ޵˭˭أѵǲ𣿡
ԭ̫Ѿĳ£ľشЭ飬Ȼľ˵ˣ̫Ҳͬ⣬Ǿ˵ľأѾ̫һߡ
Ȼĵ鷢ˣ
̾˿ȻԷҪԼˣԼҲûҪʲôˡ
ľأѵԼ𣿡ʵ
ǡ
ȻˣڵΪ֪ʲô
˭ߣ˭ܵһҪܺ
Ҫǳңʨδ
ʨۣ
ûǿʦˡ
زˡ˵ʦǰˣڲӣѾǵˣתΣЩƨʦͽϵûˡ
㡭
˵ϻӻûıע֮ǰϸӹȥ߳ӷ磬ӵ
̫ӴЦ޵Уӽˡ
˵ʲô
ľɫޱ䣬һǿҵɱʵΧˣȫΧ
ȫ¡
ʣһ̫Σˡ
ó޵У¶Ա֡ղǱ˵ˣǣѡ
ţ⻹ࡣ̫ӣҪסЩˣĹӣʱԳΪӣֻҪӲˬʲô鶼ĳ


1904 ʱ
ʣãץ˳ҵŮˣѵΪ޵һ仰Ͱ˷𣿡
߸̫վʵſڣ̵Ѿˣȫ뿪ȻΪľصĻǾԲߵˣ̫ڷǳҪľǿߣоԵİң˳ľء
ã޵ˣ뱾ʺ𣿡
Ȼǲܵģ¿ĳ޵ҲǸҰĵˣҰȴȨƣǶΪ׷ڳѾںռˣǸطԶȥ˵ģҲ˵Ŀǰռ˵Ϊǿģֻʣӷ޵ˣǳԶɽҲϾˣϳ֮˵ޣͲܳΪõв
˵޵θʺҲǿ׼һ㡣ȻޣӷȴǸĴڡ޵뱾һԷ֣Ƚӷ֮󣬾֮սˡ
ûҰĵˣҰһôĳ̶ȣôĿ꣬᲻һУȥĿġһϣǿ԰ٷ֮ų޵С˵һĳ޵УӷԭǵжԵĴڣڵ磬ھĵʱ򣬳޵ΪСķӡδ⣬޷ӷΪУþһֶΣҪ³ӷأʧˡΪɵ˳ۣڷӡ⿪һ̣Ѿָӷˡ
ڳ޵ˣڣǿԷĵģڳӷͽĵˣҲǱĵˡ
ʴô
ͬһʱ䣬ͬһصֶΡ
̫תͷľһۣľȴֳһһеӣӲмȥ͵̫˵
ǳҵŮˡ
˵žͷţ浱½ˡϴһȥʽЩ˸ɱסһҪ뿪½ٶ֣ϵӣǻҪ޵еġ
ǣȥ졣
ͬʱ硣
ԶɽѾźһУھֻľǱߵϢˡľ뿪򲻾֮ʧȥ磬ʹĳԶɽǵġ
үӣѾһˣһϢûУòʲô°ɣ
֮Ĳͣȥù۲쵽֮⶯ĵط
ľڣӦòʲô¡ϾԱ˵ľǳ޵еתӷ֮¡
ҵĵģպþǳ޵СǸˣ͸
ԶɽҲ֪˵ʲôһУֻܵˡ
үӣϢˡ
ɻ䣬ֻһ⾵ӣ˳ԶɽǰֵģȻ̵ˡ
̣ʲô£ôˣ
үүǵʧˣ
ʧܣڤѾ
ڤ飬ǸͲ֪ΪǶδ½ͱץˡ
ץˣ
ľأ
ˣǼһǸУǰһҲû䡣ǳǣңѾ½һҪԸǡ
ʲô
ﳤʮô󾪣һ໥š
˵Ѿ
ǵȣһֱûǵġ
˵ⲻѽûҪǣΪʲôھĵʱ۷徳硣ϴļҲվߵġ
Ҳ˵ǵǻ˵ɡ
ܣ°ɡ
ͻȻԶɽ˿Ǻ棬ʮ⳯ǳȥ
ã׷
ϡ
ʱ֮䣬Ѿ˴Զɽڡ
үʲôԸ
ϴ˳ȥӦǡ
ǡ
⾵ʧˣѾ˳ȥ
Զɽǲ˵ľѱˣ鷳ˣȥֹ̫ڤģ˵ľظվһֹ̫ӣᷴԳ޵ݶԾĵ˽⣬̫Ӷ̵ʱڣڤ
ʱ򣬳Զɽûκΰ취ˣѵʲôʲô
ӷ磬ֻӷ磬ܴľˣϷҲû̫İѽ
Զɽ˼һҪԼߵˣһΪҪ
ǡ
ǣүӡ
ϲ󷨣
ڣҴǡ
汻ɱĻǣҲͻزˣ
ѽȫɱǣͻزˡɼȻԶɽ֪ΪʲôҪȥء
ʱ䣡
ûԶɽʱ䣬ȥʱ䣬ֱӷΪֹ
ңȻǼۣۣ֪ҪˣҪ۾գһ¡ɼȻþҪųӷ磬ǾϵôһģԣǲֳԶɽİţһУΪ˴֣


1905 ǿ
̵뿪½ͱһȥ·ЩһɢϢÿһΪϾ磬Ȼû̬ĳֵزĿǰΪ˵һֵס˵ôˡ
ľ쵰Ȼһף
ƴţƿڴͿľز˳ۣǳ޵еתΣΪʵ̫󣬻ƴţ͸ˡȻΣԼ˻ľظˣǼһﻹģķԼߣԭ׷ĿǵԼ뿪½֣֮Ҳóҷһʱ֪Ϣ
ȻһеĲ²뷨ǻƴţģʵ֪ľҪɱԼ˵ĻͲҪԼ뿪½ͿԶ֣ҪһľصΪ˵ҲǿԽһĻĻȫȥġ
Ǽһڸʲô㣬̲Կ϶һǣЩԲľġ
˵ôˣȻ˶Ѿ׷ˣϻҲûá
ƴˡ
սԸÿһ˵ΪԶԶ֮ϣǼѾõ̹ǵĴУ̹ǱϾǿߣҪӲģǡ
˵ûӲĻǾͲܾ˵Ľˣģһǣ
ܲ˵ģҪϷ֣˶ϣ
ͷϲģ죬ӾҪϼȥ
ţɡ
Ѹֹסƴţƴţȳ˹ȥ
ͬʱ棬ӦĴ֮£Ѿɱ˹
Ҳ
Ȼתͷʱ
ϰѴţԽ򣬾Խȫ

һѴӣֱӳȺо˹ȥ
Ƭ嫵Уһ𣬸𲻵̫ã϶ԷȫǿߣҲֻ΢һ°ˡ
ţߡ
ѳʱ򣬳嵽˻ƴţǰһѾץסƴţٲߣ߲ˡ
ƴѽܸë߰ɡ
ҪԴΪأǾƴǲǳԿڿս֮ǰⷽǺܲġ
ļһӴᣬȻɱǡ
ϻˣ˻ȥ
һľ£ֱӳȥ
Ȼʱ̫Ӳʲôվʵ֮ϣ̧ͷգ˫һ⣬ͬǧ۰㣬ֱӿԿеһУҲ̵˵ĳˣ󷨡
ܺãȻϣԶɽѪȻʱ򣬲󷨣Χ˭Ҳȥ˭Ҳ
ʴˣһжѾ׼ˡ
ţ޵أ
ӡ
ৡһľҲʵ֮ϣվ̫ߡ
ǰӵĻǷƨˡ
ҪֻսԣҪģҲǳҷַӦ
˵˵
ʵ׷ȥ׷ɱЩ˵Ļҷֻѡ񣬵һǲκκǰӪȣĻɳȥˣȥ޻صģҷʿҲߵ޷ڶǳڵķӦҲǱҪĽҷ棬󷨰Χס͵Ƿ˸ղŵЩˣǳҵˣҲˣһҷʿ󽵣ڱʵĴʿһ磬ʵƴǿû˾ĴʱС󷨣ֵܵסʴ
ԭղŸûߡ
ϣ㲻Ҫ⣬һô
˵
ӷ硣ʵѾղ˱Ƶǣ磬Ҳ󷨰ΧסһǻزȥģֻڵΧǻӷ磬ȴڶδ¶档
̫ӣ治һĽɫķ̫ȫˣӷʱû¶涼ڡ
û´Ļӷһڱչأͻϵ죬ߵľ磬϶֮ϵͻƣǼ׵£ӷŴֻأҲҪϺüģʱ˺ͣȱһɡ
ľ䣬ʵԣ˳ӷ绹ڱչ֮ǿ磿
û磬ңڣҲֻʣһԶɽˣƾһˣκáȻ㣬ʺĻǱʸʲôõģң𡣡
̫ӲɵĴЦһΣǵ򣬻ǳңзĻˡľأҲû˵ʲô
ˡ
ڡ
ģȫ׼ǿ硣
ǡ


1906 תս
үӣ½Ǳжˡ
ǻصڱ֮⣬Ѿۼ˳Ҹĵ·𣬳ԶɽѾ²⵽ʲôƵģǰۼֻҪһ£ǾһӲ̡
ǲ½ǱѾˣ
үӢ½Ǳߵȫǳˡ
жˣ
Ŀǰ֪֮ⲻͣͷģһ⡣
⣿һˡ
үӣڸô죿ҵάֲ˶ãɹӵڶû
ѾȲˣӷһоѾ̫ˡ
ǲҪ

ʲôʲô˼˶Ѿ򵽼ſˣȻȳӷ̫ھӦѽɳԶɽȴ˵һ֣ѵаŲɡ
ϵ̣Ǭ硣
Ǭ磬ʱŮӡǸʱ䣬ʱǬʱͷңڵʱ棬ʱδѱŮ洽Ǭӡ
ڣǬ缸ûκεˣǬҲѾΣһαɱɺĪֻ˹һǽδġԽδ֮ǬҲûпٸˡ
񣬳Զɽ󷨰Χסʹκ˶޷룬ҪǬ磬ǬȻԶ˵Ǳȥʲôأ
Ǹ໥һۣû˵ҲҪ˵ʲôԶɽ֮ǰȥʱ䣬ԼϱҲϧڣǸı˷ȳӷ̫Ǿͽսһطɡ
ǣϵҴǡ
ӣǸɣѾ˳Զɽ뷨սǬ磬һκ˺ͬʱҲԽתսصʱ䣬ӷʱڸϻĻǾʲôðˡ
ȻһľأҲǳԶɽĵģĵģ˵ľѱ飬һ¡
ϣϷĲ²û򣬾ƴҲʬΡ
ͬʱڵ֮⣬̵Ѿڻ֮£˻ʱ䣬ȴȫ󷨸ΧסǸ޷硣
Ϊʲôʲô󷨣ƴţʵ
󷨣ǿҵɢͬɫĻ㣬棬е˵ӦҶܵؾ֣ؾֵµռ󷨡
ʲôǸôȥ
زȥƣͲԻصȥ
ʲô˼
˵Ӧүү˼
ʲôүӵ˼ⲻѽ˹֧ԮǣΪʲôֻǲأ
ʱ򣬺棬׷ɱѾ˹
Ѿ·ˡڵѾȥϾҪɱʱ򣬳ңǲܳ󷨣ǻȥġ
Ļ쵰ʱҲûʲô˵ˡֵܵģһɱȥ
嶯
ѸֹסƴţǣǵĶߣһǵġ
ƴţ
ȻϵӡϸӰ󷨳ˡ
˵Ѿȫں̵ܶʱڣͻȫ֮ġүӵ˼ǣĵطȥ£ĿǰҲǲܰĵ
ĵطȥʲôط
Ǭ硣
Ǭ磿ʲôط
ڶʢߵһǱҪٽʱʷǵʱǬˣǲΪǼˣȫط׷ɱġ
үү˼Ҫһսɾ͵Ǽˣôֲɵӣһֱ׷ɱǣ
ҪԼ취ˡסӵڻû޵ֵǱȥˣڵ߿սǵʤ㼸㡣ܽǬȥǲʱӣͬʱǬ绹һûκ磬ҳߵǬ˽⣬ܾ֮ǰǬսǣǺġ
ͲʺϿսһ磬һ޼㣬Ƕǳ
Ǻã취ȫȥɡ
취ѽҪ취ǣʲô취ܽȫȥء
̾룬ҲֻǾ룬˾ǰƴţǣѾǰ档
û취֮ǰǱҪþһֶΣǸҵס
ãɩǶ㣬Ͻ취Щһͽˡ

ͻأһصȭ⣬ֱͻƻƴţˣֱӳ̳˹
ȻĳӷŮˣǾɱ㡣
顣
̸㣬ǵֵס˵ǿĳֱ̡
ۡ
һѪͬʱȥ̵ߣȴЦûоʹ֣ͣΪ̣̽ٷһ
̣Сġ
˫гѪ˿һġ
ɾ֮ͻȻһ⣬̵Ϸ̵γһ㱣Ĥ
ʲô
ǹ̵ߴ󾪲ԣȻ˿ԽĹֵԷһǸ򵥵Ľɫ
ѵǳӷ磿һ֮Ů˵ģ˲ܻУУҲǳ٣Ӳܻǳӷġ
ηǿߣɡ
ȫתͷǱߣ̵ֻϷͻȻһˣһŮˣһȫɢǿҺŮˡ
Ůϴĺǹŵ䣬òǣʮңϵʣɣ񣬺Ȼʮ;е
ҵŮˣ˵𡣸ҹ
顭
ǿֱӷߡ
߶ʱ󾪣ŶԷ󣬱ԼҪСȴ
߶һɵʵΪʲôӵ޾ΪͲӵС
򣬻һĴڣ˵ǳĴڣһѣȻǿ϶죡
ϷĹ㣬Ҳǳҵһ𡣡
˼ǳҵˣŮˡ
ʲô
˶ԼĶ䣬ҵŮˣڿЦɣ⵨Ҳ̫˵ɡ
ǰȻңɲ˵
̰ɣӷϱ
û㵽ʲôˣ
ңӷϱǾͽ̰ɡ
̣
ѽ仰ȫˣȫ𾪡
˫۳񣬿ǰŮˣе㷸Ϳˡ
㵽˭
ȻҪ̣ӷ磬ȻҵˡҽУЦѣ


1907 ľĲ
硣
Զɽվſڣմ֮ĻɫΪѿͷ·һսδʼעԼҪܰѿ
ָ֣оǡ
Զɽһֹסǲɣϣʱֶ֮ЩƣʧȥӵЩôģԼѾˣһ㣬һˣԶɽǵǿ̣ǵģ˵۾ǰһ̣ﶼһˣǸˣԶɽӣЦѡ
뵱꣬ԶɽΪЦѣ˵Ѫϴһ磬ҲΪЦѣԭ۷ΪԶ½ܳԶɽôôŬԼӵס
Ȼ飬ǳԶɽ벻ģָоеĸоĳԶɽˣʧȥ˷磡
ô·
˵ʵԶɽȻĸоˣô޷ȥ㣬Լһ۷Ϊδסˣôܻʱ֣ңָоǳʵû˿٣ǳԶɽҲָоУĸͳͳ˳иԺС
ûһдġǡ
ȲҪôжϣʱʲô鶼пܷҲǵ˵Ĺơ
ôܣ˾գҲܸĳһ׵ġҵĸоû֣裬ҺСʱ򣬾Ѿҵĵˡ
䣬Ҫ뿪磬ȴԶɽֹסˡ
ʲô
Ҳô࣬һҪȥ
У󷨲ܳ򣬺֪ġ
ܲôˣϽǳȥ󷨡
ѵʱ㶼֪Ϊ𣿡
ֻ֣֪ǺСʱʧȥĸף죬Ҳͬٷһˡ
֡
ԶɽһָѨ
֣ʲô
˵κˣý磬һȥǾ޷ǬȥˡҲΪһˣͽȫƣԼڡ
Զɽ̾˿ʱҲԿ϶ָоǾʵģһ㶼٣ҲĹơ
ôЦΪʲôͻȻ˹ΪʲôʱԶɽܽ󷨳ȥ
ѣѾԲһˣΣҪԲˡϣ½ңľΪ˳ңҲΪǵӡ
δĳԶɽһ̣Ҳûһеģֻǹ϶Įһ
֣Ҳ̫Ѫˡ
ȻҪһеΣǾɡһӣҶԲʵ̫ˣ±ӣϣܻ
֮⣬̵ȫסˣͻȻֵŮˣƲʮҵŮˣȻ˵ǳӷ̣Ҳ̫˵ɡ
˵ʲô˵һ飿
̼Ȼǳҵϱֹʱ䣬ڳҵһУڶѾǳˣԶɽһڣ̶ǳ
Ц֣ûȷǳԶɽӣ۸ĸףӷ̣ǣ˭֪ЦںܶǰѾˣϺЦѵĹһôˣͻȻ֣ⲻòɡ
Цѵĳ֣ʵԪ񣬿뵱ӷڵؿǵõʱŵ֪Цѵ飬ںʱЦΪ˾ȳӷ磬Ҳ಻һˣԪ񾡻ٵ֣Ԫ񶼻ˣôٴγ֡
Ȼڳӷ绹ڲ񷶦ûг飬һ㶼ܳӷڲڣһսҪá
һҹϣ׷ǧɡ˳Ҳѧ
治֪˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ
Ц˵ȴ޷׷ǧɵȫӳֻΪߣ׷ǧɵһʽҸˡ
˴󾪣ûǰԼѧ׷ǧɵʱ򣬵ȷһʽɲǳԶɽǳû˵ԭ֪ģȴ˵
˵׷ǧɣͲӦôڡõһѽΪӷ磬ȴ˽ӡ
̾˿Ц˵ڵѾ˽ˡȻѾزڣ̵ģͽ׷ǧɵһʽ㣬ΪɡȻ̫ʺϡ
ƴţȫ˵ߣڣû˸ȥţǰǵŮӣȻǳӷ̣Ȼûһ⣬ղŻһӦòǵˡ
Ѿͷˡ׷ǧɣһʽ
ͻأУǿЦһͷĺڷ֮ͷİ׷ڲͣı䳤
Ѿ׷ǧɣȻҲᣬѵӷô
㣬ڲ˵Щʱɱˡ
Ҷס
ǡ
̿ЦʩչķÿÿʽԼѧһеľ裬Լûѧġ
ǳҵĲѧ׷ǧɣֻгҵŮˣʸѧѵЦѡ
㣬ǡ
Ѿͷڲǲ²ݵʱϼо׷ǧɵһһ
͵ĵͷȻˣǾƴ˰ɣҪȽһʽѧᣬˣǶԳӷİҲԽˡ
ǣ̸ˡ
Ц˻һ⣬Ա˹ȥ֮أķ
ѾɱˣϽЩСɫ׼ǿ硣
Զ̫ӸľͬʱԶԶģѾһͷ׷Ůˣվǵš
̣ǲ̣ǻ˭
ǿŮˣǳҵˣ
Ӵδ
ˣȽ
ȫ嵽ЦǰЦ˫ִһӡ޼ޡҡĴ󡭡𡣡

ɣ
Ĵ
ľأһһģôܣܳһŮˣȻĴ󷨣֮ǰѾΪʲôֳˣǸŮ˲óġ
ǰһǿҵѪֵסˣһ̣˭ľظ̫ӣ޷Խϡ
ĴôܻС
ĴֻгҵļŶôãһҪϵСŮˣͲǿߣô쵽ġ
ܲôˣ̸յ򡣡
оĴ赲˭Ҳȥ
޵УǾĵһӦ֪ô󷨰ɣ
ĴƲˣҲҪƣֻҪ֮˵ľ󷨾ͻʧŮ˵ǿҲ޵󷨵ģڻ治֪άֶá
ѵǾס
Ĵǿ󣬵õķΧޡ
˼ǡƹȥ
ֻˡ
ʲôطƣ
һطŵģȻԶȴһֱͨӵ磬ǵؾ֣ӵ
ʲôط
Ǭ磿
ľһЦ΢תһͷʢӵһһһ㣬š
ǳ޵Уľأȴһ£ͬʱǺӾްҹʼʣںʥּ޸̫࣬Ҹӷ˴󣬴͵ڤ磬Ͳܰŵ
ԶɽѽԶɽ뵽һȥˣȻ壬ӾͰװˣҲһսУĲˣһУͿˡӷ磡


1908 תսǬ
һͷ׷ȫϢԵת䣬·֮ǰҪһΧ֮ԴͣӿʱЦѾȻðһŻ棬ӿ֮Դ̼ʹⴿ֮ԴԺܿıա
׷ǧɣʹ̵ΪǱȻģҲ벻ģһʽˣԼΪȻһ׶ΣԼĿǰ˵ͲҪӷǿ壬ѾԴгԶɽˣֻڵ֮⣬ʲôȥء
Ѿͷô̵ʱھһʽڡڵΪ֮ǰ󣬿Ըõİӷˡ
һ̣ѵ̻ǰЦ
̣
Ȼǡˣڲ˵Щ顣ѾǬתƹȥˣǱҪ֮ǰǬ硣
ʲô
û뵽⵽ôһ£Լ߻취ҪôܽǬȥû뵽ԼʲôԼܹȥˣѵЦѵİ
֪ͨүүǣǬ磬ţҸĵҪ̫ܹҪӲĻǬǱߵİţҲδضĹϾڤ磬ǵ˵
ЦûзϻһͷǬķȥЩ׷ɱǵҲӵȫתǬ硣
ȫתƣʲôԼܹȥˣĳԶɽյϢе˼飬ҪתǬ磬˵ʵδذĵʲôԼܹȥˣ⵽ô£
ĴΪʲôΪʲôѻĴⲻѽ֮⣬۶ᣡ
ԶɽееͿԼͻȻͻ˹һ¾Ĵ󣬵ֵס֮ԼǬǱתơѵ
ãľأ
ʵүӣľʲô
Ǭ磬һС涴֮䣬ǿԴģҪ̫ҳ棬ڵԶʱڣͽǳ涴ӡǰΪֵı仯ӡ𣬳涴Ȼͽˡ£ľҲ֪ģһڸָҪǿͿֱӽ硣
Ǹô죿
ǽ˵磬Ǿ͵ˡڵ翪սϷȻںˣǺܲģҳҵض˹˽ֺȡʤ֮˵
үӣǰǬ磬ֹͨ涴硣
С̸ղ˵ѽȲҪôȥǬ˰šȻ˵ˣǾһĵʲôҪ
˶٣Զɽ˵Ѷǰ˹ϷҲֻܱһԪǰǵԪҲɢˡΪʲôΪʲôңΪʲôǰǬţѵڱʲôֽţˣǸˣǵлѣΪʲôҪ
ԶɽѾԽԽͿˣⲢ˵ԶɽϺͿˣʲôˣ£ῪʼͿġ
үӣڲȥҲҪȫ׼ѽ˵㣬һǬǱ޷ֹ˵˵磬ǱҪǸճһ̣ȫɱһǾۼˣǾͲðˡ
ţǣҳҵ½ȥעĶһг涴֣Ҫһʱȥ涴гˣɱϷӷ绹ûҲֻϷžĵǱߵϢˣ
Ǭ磬ΪԶʱڵһսѾһ޼ݲЩԪҲѾԪʧȫˡ
һƬڰ֮䣬·һУûкûƽԭЩɽ壬ҪӣϣѺۣѺУҽͣӿ
ôһУȴһǵʱǬǬҲֻԵıȽͻӲҪǬҵĻǬΨһеΨһˡ
ܲУʮ⣬ͬɫȫǬڵλȥ
⽵䣬ֵģȻ̵ˡ
ȻЦѣطǳϤƵģû˵κεķϻ̵ˣֱӽǬ
ʲôطѽ
ƴţ˸£ֵطǵһ˵Щˣȫǵһһ磬磬ʵ̫ˡ
һ·ǬǺڰ֣ԼָÿһˣǿŸо·
᲻ʲô£
ʵ
ͣ˽ŲͬʱЦҲѾͣת˵õģﲻκεΣգУҲҪ
̣طǬס𣿡
ûǬȫѾˣһ磬򣬽ʮ֮ը
ʮ֮ը
ѽȻҪըˣǻ˵ҪսĻǾͱʮ֮ڴ򣬷һը˶û
õģһжѾźˣһսֻʤԲġ
û֪Цţ˵ô׾ܴĻǻô鷳ʲô
ʱȫ˽ŲҲȫս׼
Ƕһ£һϵ˵ݼˡ
žһǬڣȼ˻棬ΧһĻѣǬ
ȫһŵװߣЦǰЦΪˣǾ֤ߣǳҵˣɳҵˣôȵǬˣѾ֪ͨүӣǱô
Ǹˣһʱ뵽ҵˣǳԶɽģЦͰģ
̣⵽ô£
Ƚһ°ɡλǳҵĶǿߣ಻
಻ǰںӷ봫Ǹ಻ԼŮҲҪΪǸ಻ôǰΪӷܶ𣬵ʱһģЦѡ
һ£ѵǰǶûڳӷ봫󵽵׷ʲô£


1909 ʼ
ǬĻʹͬûлװ裬еģһɫʯͷɵĵӣÿһŵӶ˲ͬѺۣ΢ʲô𶯣˵ĵӣǬᵹģԶʱǬʢѱɵĽ
Ȼ⼴ĴУȴкܶˣһۿȥ治٣޷ڶʱ
̿ЩİˣûκһԼģЩϤģΪЩ׵ˣ֪ٴνˣԼҲЩ׵ˣĽ˵ĻҲôһΣھĴƺ󣬽δɱһΣɲ̣ǻƴţǣһӣˡ

̵һӦ漴ǣȫۼһ
ЩˣȫǽδˣǣΪʲôӦѽϴεһսУѾȫɱ𣬾Ӿ޼ˣҲɱˣôܵڣҴߣһǬ磡
Ҫš
ЦѰοǣЩ˼Ȼȫۼڴ˵أȻǵˡ
ٷˣ벻ҪţЩˣȫԼˡ
಻Ҳǰ֪ҸԿʱҲˣ˵˫ǲݵģǰôȻš
⵽ô£ΪʲôﻹкˣϴһսУǷȫɱѽ
Ц˵ǵʱɱģȫǽδǺ
ʲô˼
˼˵δ£ܻΪһ̸ġ
̣Ҳ̫ףδǺģңǸӾޡ
⣬ͬ˵ʲôƵģֲ̫š
ӣѾµˡûͬ²ǰ㣬ֻǲĲ²⣬ʵ
Ϊʲộ⵽ô£
¡¡
ͻأЦ˵ڲ˵ЩʱѾȫˣھͶ׼ˡѾͷϵңֻߵսһ𣬳ҸǱߣͿԴ򿪳涴ɱˡ
򿪳涴
֮Ǭ磬ԣҲͨ涴ȥģǱȽ涴ǰ
Ҫ̫࣬ǹȥġﵲסҪ涴Ͳ̫ܡ
ЦģеһȫƿƵġ
Ҳ֪ô죬ֻЦѵ˼ȥˡ
ϵ硣
Ǭ磬ΪĵһǿҵǿҵʱһɳγɵģʹԭͿǬ磬˻Ľȣ
ϵѺԽԽҽͣѺӿ
׵磬һɽ壬׵ʯ·Ҫֱӽظҳɷ顣
⣬ѾܲгսҲѾͨǺƣǬ硣
һս֮ϣ̫Ӹľأվǿͷˣͬʱ·һǬ
Ǭˣͨĳ涴濪
ľָ̫ӡ
̫ӵ˵ͷһַȫǬڵλƶ
޵У㿴ҵһϵǬ磬Ҫǣһս
̫ӸյǬʱѾо磬ųҵˣҲǸղŵЩˡ
ҪһսǳҸĵӦøϵˡڣģֻЩСɫˣԶɽӷ綼û˵ǿܻڵǡ
˼˵Ѿ֪Ҫͨĳ涴磿
ԶɽûϺͿĵز֧תƣȻĵĿġ
ܺãȻˣǾȥ򿪳涴ɡ
ľؼ̫ţţ㡣
ˣڤ磬ʲôط
ͻȻһ⣬̫ӵɫǶʱһ䡣
ڤ磿
ûΪӰǲرġڤһôĴڣӦúҪɲһ׵飬˭ܽǾͽõ޾
޵У˼ǣڤעˣ
ڤ磬ӵļ磬㣬ҲӦ
ĵһҲǸѽãʴӦ㣬ֻҪ˳ңǾڤ磬ʻ㡣
ľЦһ˵ƾʲô㣿ڤʲôطȸһ涴Ҳ롣
ֹǱ룬ȻľܴǬ磬Ȼа취ֹǴ򿪳涴ľػɵûһգûкľأӲм
޵Уѣʱ˵Ļʲô˼
ʲô˼ԼҪģ޵УͬʱҲҪڤ硣ӵɵϣʱ˾ڤ磬ͬʱֱˣǽвģӡ

̫ӷһЦ˵޵У̫ˡȻʸˣȻҪǿߣôܺأ
ľҲЦһ˵ӴκˣҲ󡣻˵ȽϺãֵܣҪˡ˵ɣڤ磬㵽ôǲ˼鷳ԭ·ذɣ·ͨ
䣬ľӰһ뿪ս̫֮ǰĲԶˣС
޵Уʲô˼ѵ뵲ʵ·ɣ
ʱʮӰ̫Χȫǿߡ
ľشЦȻȫѾˣһУ˵㡣ͨĳ涴磬Ӳͷ𡣡
㡭޵Уǲƭʣûʲô涴
һеģܹܲҪӵͷС
޵У㲻Ҫ֪ô
̫һߺ
֪ôΡô˶ӿɴûյ̣Ҳǿӵ಻ࡣ
䣬ֻ棬ǿӿ
̫´󾪣оƣԭԼ֮ǰоĶ˺ܶ࣬⵽ô£
̫ѽ̫ӣһ¡ӳǳ޵֮⣬ͬʱǺӾްҹʼҴڣ
ৡ
⣬
̫ӼһĻʱ
쵰ļƣ


1910 ֮ս
ȻѾǬ磬̫Ҳδڤ磬ľظͲҪ˷ʱ䣬ٵȥĻ̫ӿɾҪ򿪳涴ˣǸʱ֮࣬޷Ա֤û֮࣬ԣľؾԣҲʱ򣬽ȫǬˡ
Ȼ֮ǰľһУͰźõģܵ½ȥ֮ǰ˵ں֮ǰͰһǱĳطҲ˵ڳӷӺ͵ڤ֮Ҳǳӷʱս봫֮ľؾѾڰһˣŵ飬ɲΪ˶Ըһδûľ֮ǰİţ㽫ȫǬҷ棬Ҳûʤġ
ڲͬˣľͰ಻ǱǬ磬Ǭ뿪ǬǱģټһЦѣҲľذģľõʲôΪ޵ʱǳʦĹŵӣֶӦûеġ
ƵŽΧľذŵҪ౶ɼȻǰţǾͲôˡ
¡¡һǬĴأȫ˿ֻһĻɽεضҲ˵Ǵӵصðģÿһɽڣʱ״̬ҽͬڵ㣬˷ĻɽڣǴڣֻҪһͽڵһʱ䣬Ե
ʱ򣬾ʾ̫ӣҲ֪Ϊ֣δ֮ǰԼĴ̫򣬵ʱԳҵĵԼߣûоԵİˡ
νһӴ̽䣬òϣ̫ǸˣȴΪľһҰĵˡ
ûľصҰУɲⷽ棬ǰһľҲãӾްҹҲգȫǳ޵СþĵһƬƯ磬תΣΪʲôѵΪԼ𣬵ȻǣΪģڤ磬ΪģǱʦ֮
û뵽û뵽ѽ޵Уǰֻ˵Ǹˣ˴֮⣬ʲôᣬ챾ʲ㣬㲻ӣҲԲڳκ֮¡
ľʱҪһµģھͶ֣ܸصԼߣҲȫûֻеȳҸĵȫϵˣһһսоԵʤ㡣
һ̣˵ռռ֮һУԹԹýˡǰռ䣬»˰ڤ磬ԳΪ֮ҪΪƬռסֻϧѽһ첻Զûᡣ
޵УȻѾչز㻹ʲôʳԵġѳҸĵȫйɡ
ë
ģ̵ˣģȻֻлƴţ
˰죬ԭСһסľأ֮ǰǴҴˡ
ڲ˵Щʱ֪ͨӷ磬ˣѾȫǬ磬ڻֵĻɾûˡ
ľҲһٴͣ죬ͽЩһͳͳ

һϢҲûС
ʲô
ľǶʱһ䣬ӷ絽һϢûУʲôôؼʱ̣Ҳʱ̣Ϊǵĳӷ磬Ȼʧ١£ڳܶˣѾǼֲˣӷʧٵĴѵ
ˣȿ涴಻
ǡ
ҵӿ涴ãֻҪ涴һ򿪣ֻܳܽһȥһ㡣
ģϷںôãԭҪԸģʶ֪ϷϷҲѾȫ׼죬Ϸ׼˶һУڽ죬ȫɡ
Цѵ಻㲻ùܣϿ涴Щһˡ
ľصһӣҹǰȴκεˣֽҹЦǱߡ
Ϸˣⰵҹ֮ڣת֮ǰһֱڽ㱣ס򲻵ʱǧҪʹãΪʥʿһǷǳģռУֵܵס
Цѽҹ˵ǰңҲΪӷĳɳôʥʿĴҴҳңлˡ
ڲǸлʱҪлңлɡ


1911 أѪ
ڣӷȻܽ¯ȥˣƯڲλõ¯һȼġܶôӲʣһŽ¯Ƕһڻɳӷȴ֮ǰ裬Ҳǰ׾õķӵлһƬ磬ԻԼ壬Ҵ˳ףʹ¯ȼĻ棬޷ӷκε˺
ԭ˵ϵ죬Ųô۵ǾԲģӲҪ¯ȼһȥգӷҪģɲֻ죬ͬʱҪȹһȫµԪأѪԪء
ѪҺΪһԪأǾͱԻͬʱҪϳҵѪлὫѪԪڳӷȫΣʹӷܸõȥʹռΪصԪء
ôվ¯·̬ĳǿߣռ䲻ͬʱĵһǿߣڶ̫ȥ¯Ϊ¯ȼĻ棬ټֱӾͽӷڸֲͬȫ˳
ͬɫĹȫͬһʱ䣬¯ͷųЩã΢ıɫҲΪõǿͷųĹһα¯֮ڡ
ͣĳȴҲɳһȫµɫһֺд죬дϵɫ󣬸ֲͬɫΪһϺɫĹ
ϺɫĹȫΧ¯ΧγһϺɫ¯ΧͣƮš
ôۣһͷۣһȫõļһ໥һۣǶеԾеȣ
ѵѪԪôͳ𣿡
ǲ𣬻ôۣǺռĵһǿߣҲֻŹѪԪأ˭ûϵļΪΨһܵһΣԷȻҲӵѪԪأѪԪͷųһ̣ȴѾˣܵĪԷôֵģǶûп
˵Σǲôۣһʶ⴫˵еѪԪأ
ֵǡ
Ϊʲô⴫˵еԪأֻ𾪸ηĸоȴκεɱ
֣ѪԪأƻεģǲһ֣ǾͽǾԵƻ
ǰֵѪԪأһֻֽϻ㣬ֻǴһηĸоָоȴûκɱԣ͸˵ǿޱȵƻˣ
ҲѪԪصĶ֮ɡҵȾҿŰɡ
ô˵ɾҲȲʶһ£εѪԪأǿһôĵز
ϺɫĹ¯Χγ˵ϺɫĹ㣬Щ㿴ûʲôرģڹ֮ڣȴӵһֹһֻ棬һϺɫĻ档
ͻأ¯Χй㣬ͬһʱ䣬ը˿
ôۣȫȥЩ㱬ըеվŽţһȫ˳ʮ
塭
ըʱ䣬γһž޴Ļ棬һϺɫĻ棬Ż棬仯ΪһΣλУӵһѪɫ־һͷ
ôۣı档㿴ѪԪأǷѾˣ
ôҡҡͷ˵ûëǮϵҲ
ǻУиͷѽ
õĵطܶʱĲΪ֮󣬾
˼˵
Ҳ̫ϾѪԪأǶûȥһУҪȳӷСӽѪԪسκ֪
ʱ¯ڣٱһǿô۷ǳĵ˵ͷ˵ɣղѪԪسεḶ́ڣǽĽ׶ˡ𣬸Сһѵʱˡ
ûзϻһӣ֮ϣһ޴Ŀննڣ޾֮ԴӿѾΧ¯Χ
ӷ磬Ѿʼˣ㻹ڵʲô
ֻ¯ڣӷ󺰵϶죬졭ҽɡ
¡¡
棬Ȼ¯ڻΪҽǿҽ¯ӿ˳ͬʱе֮Դȫ¯
飬飬顣
ڣͬλãڷűըӲޱȵĲãҲΪıըˡ
ܰɣƻ֮Ĳãܲס
̬ǿߣΧȥΧһĶȫǱըģܿȴ޸ˣǲõͲҪκ£ǲ󲻵ƻˣҲȫ޸á
Ϊ˱ֱӻãһ𻵣þͿ޵޸

¯ڣһѪɫĹ˳ǱǳӷӰѪɫҽΧųӷȫ˿̵ĳӷ磬̥ͬǰ㣬ҽɢȥ壬Ҳ³ˡ
ڳӷͷѪ֣ΧϺɫĻ򣬸ѪںΪһ壬ͬʱӷ壬͸ӷڵѪӤˣڳӷڣһ漴ںɫѪٴνӷڣƶѪӤڵλãڸѪӤںһ
ԭѪԪأѪĽϣĽϣаĽϣͳռУΪǿԪȴҪιġ
ι
ӷ˵ĻòôۺǲһҪιģδŵѽ
ҵ
ӷԲ˵
ȥĸʲô
ѾˣκáǾԪǻ𡣡
Ȼת粻֪ʲôطȥľԪһָת˹
㡣
ӷһԪʱ䣬ӷץסҷһֺҵĽ
ǰңǲӦԪصģڣûˡѪԪأΣһɹ򡭡ɡ
Сӣ²Ҫһ룬ϽģñۿѪԪأ׿ʲôط
뿴ǻҪٵһ¡ĴսѾʼˣȥ֮һѪΪ죬Ǽʶһ£ʲôΪǿԪ


1912 ˫ͷޣµ
Ǭĳ涴Ѿ򿪣಻źҵڳ涴ڣʱֻ˴ӳ涴Բκ˽涴ΪҪ涴ģȫǵˡ
Ȼ̫ʱҲûҪ涴ȻѾϵˣʹһսսתƵǬ磬ǾҸˣҲȥˡ
ǱߣԶɽڵõǬϢҲûκصˣеĵͳͳǬ磬صĻǼֱһ˷ѣҪеȫǬ磬һսҲǰδɵһս
ԶɽǬ󣬵һۣͿЦѡ
ʮȥˣһʱ嶯Ѫϴ磬ҲԼɥô꣬ټӵգһж·ξ㣬ⳡξ˵ʵ
ڰˣԶԿģԿģԶŮˣŮ˹ˣ˱Ͼˣܵģֻϵһ˺ˣˣҪõ𣬷ŵ£Ů˲ͬһŮ˽ഺȫһˣǾ͵ڰһӶ˳ȥһã͵˷һӵʱ䡣
ĳ˵Цѵȷǿ˳ԶɽȻΪ˳ҵŮˣΪ˶ŮȴԼԶɽ⼸ʮҲȢЦѣȴûúñԼָһڳԶɽԣⱲӣǻˣ±ӵĻſȫЦѡ
ʵ޾ԣǳԶɽĴڣ벻ġЦѣȻ˹Լһ˿ԪڵؿУȥԼؿǣΪĳԭ򣬵Цһ˿ԪʧˣѵһжѾעõģֻˣǻվԼǰ⵽ô£˭
˵ľؾЦѣǺеǣǿӦ˵ǳӷľһЦѣǰǳӷڵؿнЦѵ˿Ԫ񷶦ĻͲ֮鷢ˣЦѸӲں಻ľظӲǱʱһУ
ѣ𣿡
Զɽ˫Զˮ˫ʱ˿̣һĺۼ
Цȴǳ࣬ûмҲּѾˣΪ֪ҵΣ˲ȫٶĻҲǷϻ
ڲҪ˵κιȥ飬Ҫģδ
ѽȥ鶼ѾȥˣΪҵˣȻŮ֮ĸ飬֮ĸȫǿ̸νİ飬ܷڳκһϣµʱ򣬰飬ҪΪһࡣ
裬
治֪˵ʲôļûһĸףΪԼеĸףֻһڴϵ߰ˡ
Ѿˣᣬ㡣
ЦѼԼɷ򣬼ԼŮһЦݶûС
ҶҪᡣ
һѳϣԯȫվߡ
Цѷǳĵ˵ͷԼŮҵûͨ˵ֿ޿䡣
죬㲻ҪңͬʱҲҪ硣
磿ӷɡ
˭Ҳܿ϶ӷʲôʱӷ֮ǰҾͷһսɡһУӾްҹѾ׼ˡ
ӾްҹҲľأһУľŵġ

̫ӴЦһ˵ȻþսתƵطǱʿɲ˵ЩϻġʱѾˣΪ˫𶯣ʱѾˣǾͿ֮ǰǳǱʵ°ɡ
㲻ʣԭ˵ûʸ﷢ʩɼȻѾûˣɡ
ľӰһ̫ԡ
ľأ֮ǰǼ㶼ӦˣҸоһǼ֮ϣһˣܶԸ
Ѵ󺰵
ѽ֮ǰļľһԸˡǰ̫ӣɱǼǿˣƾľһ˵Ӧ
ϷҪȫסû˿Ա֤ǵУûļϸڡ
ϷҪȫףʲô˼ѵʱԸǼʱľҲװһ򲻹
ˣǳǸ³Ա裬ͳ۷ǿߣͬʱӻǳʦĹŵӣ򼸸Ӧ˵Ļǰ¿ܻ޵𡣡
ѽľأĳ޵УļӦˣƾʲôɳʦµ
̫˵ȷһǿĶ֣ҲϣǼνһ֣ϵĻûһĶ֡ѾõʵΪ裬ҪʣҲԼ̫˰ɡ
ǾԿɡó汾ӿļ̳ˣǿһôĵز
ľصһӣ¡¡һһնߣնڣһӵͷľ˳
ֻ˫ͷ棬ȫΪɫϴףӵֻţһ˫һ޴սһѺµ
ѣʱ䣬죬лᲢսˡ
˫ͷޣֻ޵֣Ҳֻͨޣڤ磬ӵֻޣһֻǾͷޣΪĻޣ⻹һֻ˫ͷޣǵ곤޵е
ľطվ˫ͷ޵ıϣֻޣ޴ĺĻ棬ľؽǰѺµУѾûùˣ죬лᣬԼķޣսɳˡ


1913 ֮ս
ľؽ̤˫ͷޣֳֺµڹ֣ȫüλѾһ׺ɫףǰʦΪģΪ޵ף뵱ĳ޵УףҲ֪ܹپĵǿߣӮһ޵еš
񣬵ľٴδףʱһֻصĵĸоǰľģʦĽ̵ַ棬ΪǼıһУ·ŷĴܣԼȴεˡӱֳ裬죬һҪͳͳֻ
Ϊ˶ʦΪ˳Ϊ˻ң̫ӣ죬ӾҪˣûء
ľȫǿʹǬ綼Ϊ֮𵩣ڹ⣬ɢγһȦȦȴСγɵġ
ɣҵ磬ҽΪһɡ
¡¡
ʱľظûʲôñģԴСȫԼӵжġӱ죬Ҫʶһ£ʲôľĵһ󽫣޵С
ǧ磡
̫Ӹˣȫ󾪲ԣһȻӵǧ磬ЩǴģ֪ǰռ䣬ֻһڤ磬磬Ҳ˵ľصЩ磬֮Ӷᣬġ
ӾްҹûһǺӾްҹһӶô磬£ʱĽδ֪Ҳ֤ʱĺӾްҹԼصж
ȻˣǱҲֻܷһսˡ޵У£ֻ㣬ʸΪʵĶ֣ˣԼȥɡ
ľشЦһҲϻдһӣֱӻƳգеƣʱɢ۷ľ磬ǧڵľأǰĳ޵С
үӣһͽˣȥɡ
ԶԶɽǼʶˣλľĵһû˿˻ʹתΣҲޱȵǿ
ھ鷳һˡ
תԶɽ˵̣ǲǴ׷ǧ̵һʽ
ǵġ
ʣͱǰҪǿüڣҲʱҵйȫˡ
ԶɽɵһЦֶЦ˵Ҿһͨˣ£˵ġ㣬һ仯ûСҲһսҪõķֿڣܸܲңЩûк޹ң
ЦѿųԶɽͷİ׷ǲϵݣ˵ûк޹㣬ǰûУûУԺҲС
仰Ҿͷˡ̣ʼɡ

Զɽ̣һǬУЦѿǬ˫УҲۡ
ѽҲҷ룬£ԶɽҪǳΪһͨˣȹʣµӣһսǾҪľǷܶסˣͬʱӷ磬ʲôʱŻⳡսۡ
಻
ǣˡ
һҵΪүˣͽˡ
ǡҾһ˻ǬΪүٷ˻һ룬ˣɱ
ƴţǱߣһսȭͷÿһ˵ﶼһսģڣҲʱˡ
㣬һزȥˣͿչȫˡ
Сӣ˵ʲôҿǴӦүүһȥġ
㲻ˣǱ裬үү裬ɶûء
ڱ˵ֻ˵ʤء
ʤ˭֪ǲ̫ܵġ
Ҹүү˵ǰң£˼˺ܶ鷳ӵģҲֻ˵Ǹˡ
ţǻƼҵĺöɣǹҵĺսʿǹ֮䣬ǽһսţ㶼óսʤ˵ġ
ƴţЦǵһΣԼĽ佱ԼǰǴȫ˶Լģ죬ԼҪһĴӢۡ
˵ɽһزȥãҵһУҶѾźˣȫת£ҲţҵĲƲκġ
˵Щʲôأڻûͷ
Ǭ˵ôǴʶôãҲȱ˶ܶ࣬һӣû׻ˡ
ƴţʱתͷһǳ涴ģɵһᣬ˵ʲôȴû˵ڡ
ǲˣ
ѽӷһȺ̫ӵУһȣԳӷص֮Ⱦһֱûг֣Ϊȶûиƴţһ
ʲôģڹѧŹķǳðɡ
ţΨһԵһ¡ȸǲͬԭͲӦüⳡսͨʺġȻҸһӣǰһսһҪӮ򣬲ȣ磬ˣ
˵һϻʲôҪˡ
Ϸʵǿȥˣܻǣһ˹ȥ
嶼ѾˣǻʲôֵܽãһսҲҪƴһ£˭ɱĶ࡭ɱѽ


1914 һĻƽʿ
಻ҾһǬνҾ಻ԵʱģԭһϵûУ˭಻ǳҵأԶɽȹνˮ֮ӿȪ౨಻һ㣬ԣԼҲҪΪ
ԶɽϴηűѪʹƿȭѾȼյһĵزҪ״̬ȥֵĻ˵ԶɽһսȥԣõķǽȫһˣһȥҲóԶɽ˾Ӷߵ׼ֻһսҲһǿˣֻһͨˣ£Ƭ棬һУҪĽһˡ
һ˵ȥһǬڣһȫµ۷ǿڵͬʱĴսҲѾ˰Ȼ
ľһ֮Կ̫ӣò˵̫Դӵõʵľ֮ԶԶԽĸףһֱԼľأ̫ʱҲ൱س
ڣ̫ӵĿǰλãδڤ磬ľؿϲĶ֡
ڳ裬ųҸĵӭսǿ߾ۼһγǿƣ֮£ҪӲƴĻڳҷ棬һôûУϾʵϵ⣬ĳߺǳԿ
ħŮսҲ٣ھʱ¥֮ǧۻս飬֪˱ԼǿʱԼͻܣϾսϣɲһһҪսԣǼı
ħ޴ӳ涴гģħȫ˳ߣѾξȫų裬ܳ赽ʲôطԸʲôˣǼǴ粽롣
̫ǿһǡ
¡һһɾ޴ıըһɽΪƽأתطÿһˣվ˲ͬɽͷ
֮ǰľŵЩ»ɽϵĳ䣬ҽǴӵ³ģڣЩԻһеҽȴһҽı꣬պȫɢ䡣
Ǭ磬ȫصѺԽԽ࣬ۿǬҪһʱ򣬲ǳҸĵûκһˣҵĵġ
Ůڸô죿
ǲ֪ʲôʱ˳ߣеؾ֣ѾԽԽˣ·Ѿ˾ͷ
Ψн˸ɢƣģͽǡڷɢ˵ͬʱԼȴܷɢΪҪ˵һԷͬһĵˡ
迴һľǱߣ̫ľǣƣʱԼκεвʱӷܸĻһսʤ㣬һǣס̫ӣһԸǿߣ׾ͿԽУ̫֮ǿ߸ͳͳֻϧѽӷ絽ڣӰû
Ȳˣ
֪ӷһڲ񷶦ΪΪû֮ǰǲܳģҲ

ǣʦ
ξټˣһȥǱһɽȣҪǽѹɽУʲôǳ
û⣬ˡ
ҪɱЩǿߣǿûκεİգҪһ˸һطȥǲģ㶼ĻһսҲͲҪˡ
ξٴξξٱ¼ȫһȺ˳ȥȺ˼Ȼ˷ܵĲˣǿǰЩҸĵͳͳϣҪǣʮףŹ
תơ
ξٴһˣ⣬ȫǬԶ˹ȥȺеǿ߼ξٴҪܣһȻҪͷģȫ׷ɱȥ
ãгﳤʮãһǿϷȥˣȫȥһͽɢ˿
̫ӼԼĴھͬһɢɳ㣬һһģ֪ʲôһһȻ˳ҵȦס
ļһһڸʲôϸʾۼ
̫ӣΪ˻̣ǵˣͬᡣ
ľеĺµֱ̫ӣ̫˫һϣֱӽľصĴ˫Ƹסˣʮ⻷̫ӵĽŵ£һ޴㡣
νʵľǾӿʵľ裬жǿ󡣡
޵У㻹ǲ֪ʿȴϷŪʣӣ㲻ˡ
ϻҲʲôˣþĵһܸ˺

ɡ޵жܣ
ľصһɫĹɫĹ򣬸ľصȫγһֱֱҲֻڶʱڣյ˸˺ˣ޵е˴ңҲĵز
С꣬ٶȣЩһȫȻߡ
Ȼͷǰ㾡ඥһ£ҲᾡЩȫɱġ
ҪɱʵֱΡ
ã
ľһû˭֪̫ӾȻǹͷһת˸޵жܵľأֱӾͳ˹ȥ
С꣬סһ
ס̫ӵһҲһ
Ȼתֻһ

ڳͷһֻɫľβֻɫľβٶȣںϽ˳ڣʹʱǿ˺ü
һֻСħޣǱˣҲ˶ѡ
סˣ
ľش󺰵ʵľҲ̫ڵȫסģǿסһǳҲֻʣ°ˡ
ؼʱ̣ͻȻǬڣһⱬ漴һɫֱӴǬг
顭
ڿ̫ӵʱ򣬻Ϊһֱ̫ײһ
û°ɡ
һƽףһͷ׷Ůӣ˳ǰײ̫Ӻֱʧˡ
̡
ƽ׵ŮӣȻ̣͸֮ǰĽδһһƽף˳ԶɽƽѪڣΪһĻƽʿ


1915 ϴ
ԶɽĴǬ߳еọ̈̄˵ϣʧȥ࣬Ҳ·Ϻü꣬һͨˣڳԶɽ˵Ȼе㲻ϰߵģȴǵõĳֽƵġνԽξԽ󣬳Ƴô꣬죬ӣǿԷˡ
Цѷ䣬վڳԶɽǰȴûȥΪЦ֪ǲͨˣǼǿĴڣߣǾҪվ۷壬ǰߣҲҪڿȥԲ˵ĳŷ
ˣ
ԶɽһЦͷ׷֪͡
ЦʱҲЦһ˵ͨʲôãһˣѵɱɱ𡣡
䣬Цѵִӣ

ڼսеĳĸ׺ԼʲôҲˣֱӷء
裬
û¡ѾǸͨˣңҲҪ֡ھͽеȫ㡣
ʲôЦҲҪһͨˣؼʱ̣һʱ䣬ͨˡ
裬У塭
ôϻ׼ܰɡ
֮ϣѾΪһĻƽʿƽʿʥʿԭڳҵģǰ֮ԻеػߣҲΪʱռֻһڤˣػ棬͵ػڤ硣
ʱ䣬ֱڣƽʿ˵ڣֻص˳
ǳҵϱǳӷӣΪһĻƽʿǺģҲǺϷҼҹġ
迴ŷԼǰ̣ɵһǻƽʿ˵геռսʿƽռܣҲǿޱȡ
һ޵УһƽʿټϳλħŮ֮ս̫ӣⶼӮĻڳӷ绹û֮£ңضһΰܱһܣҲǳҵ
˵˵
޵пûʲôϻҲǷϻʱսѾˣڳҸĵҲѾЩɢסʱɱ̫õʱ
ϡ
ˣʱ֮䣬ͽ̫ӸΧڵľβҲʹ˺ü̵ĻƽǰһӣľصĺµĹ̫һʱ֮͵ֵס

ϴһ̫ӣ̳һȥӣҪƵģľˣԲκܵĻᡣ
׷ɱ



⣬ͬһʱ䣬̫ӸסˣҲߣʱ̫ӵ
ϼһһɱҪ̫κδϢĻᡣ
á
˸Ҫ֣ϣߣȴͬʱȫǿ൱Ĺ죬ľأе´󾪡
ã
޵У֮ǰõڤڣʾʶһ£ڤ
ڤ
ѵһҪ
ˣˣˡ
ü˵ڣ˵ʲô
߽еȫ̫ӵڣ̫ӵǰһһ
֮ǰڤûڣѵ뿪½ʱʱϵ𣿡
ڤ磬ʲôʱһʱЯĶˣ̫ӣҲ̫쵰ˣ治þڤ統һ¡
̫ӳҵģҲֻоڤˡ
ϣڤ硣
ڤ磿̫ĻǾͲõȵˡȻҲ˵ֻڤõķȽرˡ
ߣȫȫ̫ӵڣ֮ǿ󣬲û̫ӱֻǽھڤΧ
ʲôʵ
ϼһϴڤ磬һڤ类ϴ񣬾̫Ӿлˡ
ô죿
ôֹֹ

̵һȥ
Ҫ嶯ûõġ
ƽռܡơ
Ļܵô࣬ӷ粻ڣͱҪӷ磬ҲˣӷȥҲԸ⡣


ľӰһǰͬʱ̫һɷľظͬʱˡ
ۡ
ۡ
ľظⷴȫˣѪ
Ǿڤһұһܵ߾ͻᱻˡھڤ̫ӵڣ͵ǹڤ硣
ʵǲǵڤǱʧͿԳɹˣ
ûϼһҲû͵ϼһǵϴڤ硣
޵Уӣ죬עǰܡ³ӷڸϹҲѾ޼ˣΪڤ磬ʣϣʲôǵϴһɡڤ磬鱾ãʺ塭


1916 ս
ǬգѾһ޴ۣ֮֮ڣ棬ڵϣҲѺۣѺڣҽѾӿˣΪ޴𵩣ԭͼ磬ʱ䣬Ҳ𽥿·գۼҪΪһ壬Ϊһ֮󣬱磬Ĵը
һ̣ǬǰЦѣѾеȫ˳
ЦѵȻǿȴӵ޵ڳ˵һ漣ΪǶݵģΪжǿ󣬽һҲϰĹ⾰ȻҪų۸ӷ縸⣬ϾǳʦתӷӵеĶʵ̫ˡ죬Цѵȫ˳Ҳʹĳǿ˵ǰ꣬ǧҲǲġ
ЦԼΪȫ˳ڵԶɽһѾͨˣʮòҲ̼ȥһʮ˼ңԶɽ
λ˼ң˼ʹȻҲ̫ˣڵǣֻͨˣֵͨطضǰĴڣҲ˵ڣһжֻܿЩˣԶɽޣҲʱ뿪ˡ
涴ڽĹرգΪ𵩵Ĺϵ涴Ҳ˶ˡ
ԶɽѵվӲ壬һ㺰
ʱ֮䣬ˣȫֹͣս˿̶̫ӣڤڱϴϣҪˣ˭֪һռеĵһӵŶôǿһ̫ӳɹ˾ڤ磬ǱѾԽʵӵǿռ䣬޵еĴڣǳӷ粻֣һ֣Ҳֻгӷһˣ̫ƥˣļһ￴ӷʿ񷶦Ҳ޵еĴڡ
ҸĵԶɽһ󺰣Ȼ󣬽ͨ˵ĺʱÿһˣʮ
ԶɽǣסЦѵ֣֮ڣҲѾ˵ĳСеˣȥûκεرǣô࣬Ƿ꣬룬𣬶ǵϣһз˽죬ŮǶѾˣҲԼһƬ죬ǵΣҲѾ˾ͷʱȥǵˣֻϵӣɽˮҲ˵һܡ
ڿʼ
ԶɽеˣԼҲǶ֮ϣ죬ԼȴҪĸһģҲ˵ҲãôģԼѾȫˣǷδǷδƬǷδѾԼ˵ˣȫǰЩˣһС
û̫ķϻԶɽ¶һϵЦݣ˵ڿʼһУͿ֪ˡһսӮǷϹͷ͵ȴҵϢˡ
޶ˣת涴ȥǵӰʧ˵ǰڼ涴صһ̣ͻأǬ磬һ޴ıըըֱݣ磬һ롣
ã
ʱӦ鷳ˣӣ̫ӣѾɹ˾ڤ磬ڵֱϰٱľ֣ҲԲ̫ӵĶˡ

̫ߣͬʱʧҲѾˣΪ̫ϴڤˡ
ҵˣĵˣǵϼңѾʳˣڣһƬռ͵ɡ
ľش󾪲ԣĲ԰ޱȣεԶΣδйɫӣľأҲѾסˡ
ҿˣ
ˣѾˣǻ·𣿡˵
Ȼû·ǾƴɡҾͲţ˾ڤ磬ܻƬ档
վһŮˣҵŮˣҪƴˡ
˵ûѾˣѵǻ·𣡹֮ǰ׻ˣ󣬻ûСѾͷͨ
Ȼս֮ǰѾȫ׼ˣҲҪӢ£˭ˣ˭Ҫ
ɣˣȫɣе֮һƴɣܽΣ٣죬ҶһѺú٣ҿţ󺰣мֵ
ȫۼ˹ڳ涴ڵĳԶɽ̾˿ɵĿЦһ˵ѣΪлһαϱģ̫ˡ
ЦҲ˱۾˵ͻȻЦ˫Ȼһ˵Ҫ˵̫ˡ

ȻǶѾͨˣѪģ㣬оûУ
ʱ֮ۺһѪ⣬֮⣬ֱӳ
ľأɲʶľѽ
ˣȫͬһʱ䣬Ȼ̧ͷֻǿҵѪ⣬֮ϣֹͣ޴ѪΧȫס
ԭѾľأѪĳ֣ʱ֮䣬ǲ԰׵ɫЦ쵰֪
ⲻʱ𡣵Ӱڣǣʱ̳𡣡
ľغһôÿζôһ
̫Ӵһӣ߿մŭЦӷ磬ͷڹ꣬ڳˣ
˭ڹ꣬ܿ죬ͻдˡ
ӷתͷ涴Զɽһϸˣ²ɵһᣬֿڳУһߣóӷԭǵζʱʧ
ľأò㰲ŵİɣ
һеģǺӾްҹ
ãĺá죬ҳӷ磬лˡ
ٷϻҪлңһˡ
ð죬϶֡
ӷԳ涴󺰵үү̣Ȼصȥ飬ˡ
ЦѺӷ磬̸үүھǵ
İɣһ
Զɽ㣬үүͷ
ͷ̫ӵͷӷȨһֱָ֣̫ӣ̫ӣҾڤ磬ͷ
б£ðɡ
ҴĴУ಻ȫľصĵ̫ӣˡ


1917 Ⱥսͣս
ųһ̫ӣľǼԸǿߣ͸ң˺ܴĸ
е֮ѾԽԽˣҲѾһ룬˵򣬾͸ʱľڤһһ룬ֻʣ°ˡ
һĻƽʿлƽ޽ͣĻţֻȥЩʿڻƽʿľ޽֮£ضûУľظ裬гԯƴţǺüչһɱ¾
ղռ˾ƣߣʵ˵ͲĶ֣ųӷĵľλãƾȫͬˣҲ˵ųӷĵⳡսĳҸʿÿһеķΪһȥһ
ľʱųҸĵϾǳ޵УǰǾĵһսԶԶڳħŮ֮ϡ
ҸĵѾ·һɢɳеǿ߻Ҳû˻νĵ˳ӷ֮⡣
ľʩչеļܣӳеǴӺ͵ϮģǼǰľҪͲ֣һ֣һҪκһĿ˿ӦϢĻᡣ
ľؿ湻յģרӺ¶֡
ҲѧЩǿ̫Կˡ
ˣţǼȥ
Ҫ̫ˣҸǬ˱壬ǰ滹ǿߣ˵ǣסӺ͵Ϯ
ľشһͷ֪͵ϮôƴţһҲɵѽ͵ϮѵǾͲ𣬷ֲǵսϣȵĲӣЩһԼ񿴴ƬһеϣԼЩĽɫҲ̫ģɵһ̣ѾǸˡ
ɱ¾ͣļţԽԽ٣һǿߣȥЩʿһе䣬ɫɱ֮ǰľҪѿĶࡣ
ȥһǡ
վһҲǸͲںЩ˵ġ
ҵʿѾԽԽǿǵѾŵˣٲ˾ǽһս򣬶ܡ
ϸʣٴȥˡ
ûɽڣûաˡ
ܣŶûС
ľͻȻǼǿߺɱ˹еĺµһһߵͷ˫ͷҲʱҧһǿ߲ţǿֻܣûע⣬ľصĴ󵶣Ѿ䵽Ĳϡ
õ޵Уһᡣ
ƾ㣬ûʸȥɡ
ৡ
У֣ľɱ¾Сɱ¾С
ȫס֡
ͻأӷߺء
̫ӣҲʱһֻ֣ȫֹͣ
˿̣ѾǳҸ֮սˣҪɳӷ̫֮սʤܾһսĳɰܣǳӷˣǳҸĵûսȥıҪˣΪ˳ӷ֮⣬ռУѾ̫ӿġ̫ͬӰˣ˭ܸӷ綷ƣѾˣˣûȥıҪ
˫Ѿ˵˳ӷ̫ӵγδս֮ǰƣֻȫаˡ
ڣǱʸӷ֮һսˣˣȫΪҵĽҪǾҪҲˡͬӮˣռ䣬ԱΪ𡣡
̫Լӷ絥ˣ׼֣Ҳ֤ռУΪǿһ
ӷЦһ˵Ǿɣһû¹˭
ѽӷ绹δ¹˭ʵʱû¹οڡ

ӷüĴ⣬񷶦˳ӷϷ
ֻأ
̫˼ڣڤѾչ֣ͬʱ򣬸ڤһͬʱС档

ʵľ裬̫ȫӳЩ磬ڤ磬죬ӷʿ񷶦ҲԶһ
ԱҪκΰ
ӷûҪò񷶦죬֤ԼʱҪκһİԼӮһս
λǣ͹սɣҪ֣һˣ
񷶦ڣ˳һǱʿҲôۡһͷۣǲ
ˣȫ֮ǰѾһǲˣޣû֪˵ĻҲûĶ
̫Ȼ̧ͷޱǿƣԶԶԼӵе֮ϣ
ʲô
õģȻһվ򣬰ڣ죬Ƕλֻսģʲôǳ֣䣬ҳӷ˵ġ
˵ģĻ˭ţ
ǰԵ˵Ļֵܲţ죬Ӧţ㲻ţҲҪţΪʱûѡء
ѽӷǶֵĻͲҪȵˣҲֱӾȥǡ
ܺãеҵĹǽ죬֮սˡ
ɣҿ˾ڤӵŶ


1918 ȼ
ô󣬳һôǵγɵģ·㣬£ֵס缴ʯдӵ죬ִĻ꣬˫۾Ӧ˵һ˫۾˫۾ȫ·ĳӷ̫ӡ
ռռԾҲռߵĶԾǰδĶԾһսضҪһ˵£µģʧߣҲʹڵĿռȫܱһռͳ졣ʤߣܳΪռȫߣͬʱҲӵռоĳ룬ռ䣬һռоȻ֪Ǻռ䵽һôĴڣϾֻռ䣬һ˶ռռ䣬Ҳһռ俹˰ɡ
ǸȻһӵߴԪأò˵еѪԪΪǿġֻҪǴӳӷȫ˽ѪԪأǵʱսǸʱһİա
˫գգһ£Ϊܿ϶ӷʲôʱʩչѪԪأ´һĻҲΪֻصĳ裬ͷֻ۾ųӷ硣
ô˵ѪԪǻõ㣬ˣʱһ֣ҲںǵˣǰǵѾˡΪҪģԪصֶΣڣǶδôһ£ǣԪصֶΣǶ֪һ
̬ǿߣҲŵĸķʱҲ˵һ£һӲǾǣˣ졣ռλͬʱܲô۵ĽɫһôĴڣӷռĿǸ˵Ļ˵ʵڵģ׶༪٣
˫ֿ߶վ̵ˣһеϣȫ˳ӷһϣҲѾѡˣǽеϣֻǼ̫ӵϡ
ǰӮ˾ڤ磬񣬾ĵʦѾˣڤֱ̫ƾ㣬޷ҵĻҲֻ˵δ򣬾ͽͷ
̫ѾӶᣬ磬ȫϽС棬ʵľ裬ʱ֮䣬ʹǿǧٱǳӷ磬ľǰδǿ
Ǭ磬Ѿһ룬̫Ҳʹ类ݻһ֣棬Ǭ磬ʵֻʣһСطˣһСطͺñһУһڣвô۵γɵ·ַ·Сطһ磬һСط
Уʣ޼ļǿߣȫۼеľ񣬹עһսȴûһ˷֣ʿУʣʿУһ͵ʿҪκ˶ҪţҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬳˼ǿߵǰ
󵨣˺ﲻСܡ
һǿߵĻδ䣬Ȼ֣͵ʿûȥһۣʿϣ޾ϡ
ʣ
˼飬ʣһεʣҲ̫ӵĸףȻʿУʲôʱġ
ҪԾҲҪѾռಫʱˣ˭ʤ˭ܣǰ
ԭʸʲôطҲûȥ֮ǰ̫ȴûҵһֱУҲѹ̫Ҳˡ
ǣ̫Ӷ֮λȴʲôҲû˵ʲôֻ˵һ£ǾǣɽѽϾԼӣ˴治飬Ϊ׵ʣҲǿԭµġ
ǿһսܷսʤӷ磿
ʵ⣬û˿ԻشԼҲûס
ʴˣ̫
֮ǰͲ˵ˣܶ£еôӡʵλãҲҪģȻǰΣǱΪ׵Ļ˵ʲô
̫սʤӷ磬ǳұض꣬˵ʶ㹻ˡ
ʶ
ʲɵһЦ˵̫֪ߵغˡռ䣬ûеô򵥡
⻰֪ռһôĴڣҲ֤֮ǰߵĻʣ͸ռӴˣӦǽӴռĳˣֻԼ
һսѾʼˣ̫ӱ޾ʵľ裬ڤ磬֮ǿ󣬳ӷ͵ֵסδǰӷΧγǿ̫һ֮γɵ
ӷ罫ڵȫȶһԼ壬ȫȶڱ̫ӵ
ӷ磬һ㶼վסţƾʲôʶ
̫Ϊʵľ裬˾ڤ磬ռ޵еĴڣǳ۳֣Ҳ̫û뵽һγɣӷǱߣѪ֣Ҳγһ޴ֱ̫ӣ˵һΧˣȫˡ
˵ûһȷʲôⶼʲôʱˣһ޷γɵĻʲôóưռ䡣
㻹ưռ䣬ǾҪûǸˡʿɡ
ʿҸղѾ˵죬ֻұ㣬Ҫʿ
¡¡
ӷһֻУһϺɫĻ
򡭡ȼհɡ


1919 Թ
䡭
ǿҵĻ棬ɳӷð˳һſƲϺɫ棡
Żĳ֣ӷΧѪȫۼ˻֮ڣ»ڣһɫùͷ
ʲôѪԪأ죬ӷ罫չָôۿѪԪأҲԶԶ˲ô۵
ʣǬ磬ֻһ㵽Ǭ磬Żĳ֣ΧϺɫһȼֻ棬ȴʵģһֿļȴĻ棬ֻ治κȼյЧȴޱȵϢȵϢԻһˡ
˫ͳͳȥ㿪ЩͬʱҪԼľȵϢϢУ·ִǿҵĶһԼڣǾͽԼв
̫ͬʱӵʵľ裬ڤ磬Դ˵ȵ˵ҲԵֿסӷǻϢҪ˿ĺˣǺƲӷƵģɵĴЦ
ӷ磬Ϊһ棬ܶԸҲδԼ̫˰ɡ
ѽĻ棬ȷ޷̫κε˺ɳӷֻ棬ȴҲ˵ֻ棬ֻѪԪصʼѪԪأӷ绹δӳ֮Ѿ֪ˡ
ȻһսУӷ粻ģӲԲѵĽԼһһʼչڵ˵ǰ
ǻҸ㣬Ⲣǻ棬ǡ
ǻ棬⻰ô˵ģδ˼˵ڻУȴѾ𽥳ϢϢǴӳӷеĻͷųġ
νĹ𣬿ɲǴ˵ееĹ𣬹һһа֮ѪԪأҲ˵һа֮֮λø֮䣬һ;Żָһ·ǰָͽȥ
ǻڵĹͷԴͷҲɸղЩѪγɵġ
ѪԪصĻܣֻȽļȷӳŻ֮һļܳ֡
ڵ̫ӿɲӷκεķϻҪģǾ콫ӷɱҸ
ģһУѾˡ
̫Ȼڿ֮˫Уһ⣬ֱӳӷѹȥûֱӹӷ磬ڳӷͷɢ˿ˣγһ޴
ųӷ磬̫ϴ󺰵ߣϮ
޴ɢֲ̫ɵϣΪһͿ³ӷأҪεı仯ͬĹλܸӷ΢һ󣬲̫ӵɱг֡
Сġ
Ѿ˺̴ѵֻɵĹߣͬһĴ̵ʲôʣһǶ죬ӷڲʿһЩ壬ɾһΪˡ
ڣӷڹɢ֮ʩչԼٶȣ뿪ŹˣҲѾ̫ӵϷ
ơ
ӷ̫ϷԲ񷶦õԴչ˷̫Ȼתûκε㣬ֱӾһȭӷ繥˹ȥ
ӷһʮҵԴҲǲԴԵޱȣ˫һ棬¡һĲΧʣĿȫɢȥ
Դ治СֻܣӷСӲѪԪʩչģȻһСӾҪԴˡ
ôһֻһӣųǿҵĹʣ޼ȫ
ˣΪıûκһܵ˺ͬʱÿһˣҲо֮ǿ
ʿ𣿡
ָôʵ
룬ӦòʿӦӷֵǿ߰ɣǵ֮ǿǰδġ
ڿɹܲģֻҪǵ˾ͺá
˵ûУЩһء
۴ӲЩСɫ򽻵ȹսɡ
ӷԱԴһ֣ԽСӸһɱϾ̫ССӵԶԶڳӷ֮ϣٲѪԪطӳʮУӷˡ
ôǺҲῴۡ
ӷ̫һ˫֣ڵھй󣬳ӷ罫еϺɫϷһڴʱ̫ӳᣬ׷ʹھڤҲ˳ǿĺ⣬̫ӵγһ㱣̫˫һϣ漴һ˫֮䣬һԲ֮ΪںɫǶϣźܶ߰ͼڣ̫ӽⶫӷһƣֻⶫ֮䣬Ϊһȫӷ磬˵


1920 ɹѪ淢
ħ
Ѿ˺Уʼ̫ʩչֶΣԲεĶ仯ʱһѡ
ʴˣħʵķΪʲô̫
ǿȫ۾ʣǿɾͲǰˣǺüǰĴڣ
ഫÿһʣһޱǿķÿһҲȹ̵λĵƣÿһʵķǲഫģǵʧǵķҲ֮ᡣ
ΪʲôΪʲô̫ӻӵʵķ
˶Ҳ·뵽ʲôƵġ
ѵǴ˵ԼĶӣĵõǴ˵еĶ
ʵľ裬ֻеõʵľ裬ܵõЩʹõķ
ӣһսҶʤڳӷ֮ѽ
֮ǰʻģĳӷ˵㻰ڹؼʱ̱ʿ񷶦Ҳ֡ڣȻԼĶĵõʵľ裬˾ڤ磬¹˭־ͺ˵ˣ
ǧ߳棬ͬһʱ䣬ȫӿ˳ӷ磬ӷڸûļ㣬Ҳ˵ǸͲ֪̫ʲôһЩĶҲóⲻǸԼѿѵԼЩСﶼԸˡ
Ȼӷ罫Щ߳濴̫ˣֻ߸ĻǳӷͿ̼䣬Щȫ

󾢷𣬳ӷ߳Щ߳յԼǰϣÿһ߳棬Ȼһ壬ӷǣȴͬһʱ䣬ӷ塣
ǧ߳棬ͬʱ˳ӷ壬˿̣ӷȫǱ߳ϸҧƵģÿҧĵطʼԣȴһʹûУֻԣԣ³ӷʱ֮䣬ʧȥеķ
ã
̼ӷգһҲ֮ǰǿϢҲڽļˣȻӷˣ
ʲô£
ж
õǽö֣ڼӷı񣬵һʱ϶ӷһжˣ٣˸ͬʲô
ɣ
ƴţŭҪǰȥȴ̸ֹסˡ
ӷǼһĵڹȥĻҲ֣ʱһս֪Ҫʲôʱˡ
ɳڶˣ͵ڱ˰סֽ𡣡
Ҫӷ磬һа취ġ
ԵЧڽת䣬ӷֻԼʧȥ˿ƣתΪһִĵľʹ־ʹֱġ
ۡ
ӷһѪ˳ͬʱҲѾԶˣܶȴѾ̫ˣ̫Ӹղŵһ֣Ѿӷˡ
ôͬʱҡͷʮֻһаɣӷѾˣСڸʲôѪԪصڻӳԼȱˡ
С̫ˣ
̫嶯Կ̫أͬԿġС˻˵㣬˿ɲѽ
ԣӷȷڶ֪̫ӵʲôطԽ豻ȡĻֶֺΪء
ֻӷԼҲû뵽̫ӵһȻԼ˾޴ƣǰ£һԼѾûˣκˣ̫һûҲǾһѽ
ʲôȻǿ
ӷţ̫õģʲôУַһģֻǵڻûȫʹ
ӷ磬֪ʲôǿߡǿģǱΪͬʱ޿ƥеķ
ѽһǿߣ˱Ϊ֮⣬ЩҲǷǳҪġ
ӷԼҪսʤ̫ӿӷͺ
ǰʿдֻأʻκβ㡣ڣͬǿĵƣ㣬ȴ֤Լʵŵȫˣֲ֪ߵغ뷨עǳҵ
û˿ͣ٣ԵĻ̫Ҫ콫ӷȻղһѾ˳ӷ磬ȡʱ
ħ
̫ӵ˫֮䣬ֳǸԲεķͬһַͬһַ˳ӷ
ǳǧ߳棬ӷȥһΣӷ粻ɵվԭʲô
󡣡
ǲȴҪˣֶͬΣѵ㻹βɡ
ȼգɣ޾ͳͳΪҵι֮ʳɡ

ǿѪʱΧȫסˣѪ֮䣬ӷеĻ롣漴ӷˣ߿𣬽£һϺɫĹߣ߿գӷ˵ǻ򣬾ȻԼ˽ȥ
Сʲô
󾪣ӷ罫ȻϺɫĻˡ
ǻʲô
ôҲһͷˮû֪ӷʲô
ڴ˿̣ڳӷ罫ϺɫĻɵ֮ڵѪӤѣ뱻ӷɵĻΪһ壬ѪӤ˻ڵǸá
öȼʶһ£ΪǿԪѪԪأ㷢ʱ̣ˣ


1921 Ѫ
û֪ӷ絽ڸʲôһɿƲǿĻ棬ȴŻһھͽ̵ȥˣѪӤںΪһ壬һãҪˣǱضġ
ӷ»֮󣬲һ¶ûУΧֳ˵Ѫ⣬ЩѪ⣬ӵžǿһ˿ͬԭӵ㣬Իһʡˡ
̫ӿųӷ磬沢ûκα仯ĳӷ磬ϢȴԽԽǿΧĽҲȫʧӦ˵ʧȫӷ˹ȥϵʯͷЩңȫΪϢ˳ӷ
Сӣʲô
ô໥һۣʲôѪԪأǵڶ֪ɳӷղȴ˵ҪѪԪطˣôᷢʲôء
̵һ𾪣Ϊӷɻ𾪣ǵתͷԶô۸ʱ𾪣Ϊô۸Ȼ𽥵Ҳ˵ô۸ڽš
ô
ͷͣתͷţԼڵţǱһǿϴˣԡӷ硣
ʣ°Ǭ磬ıСӦ˵ǱСʣµĵ磬ҲΧһУܶڵȫš
СӾȻڡ
ûӷ˻֮󣬾ͲȡΧһе˵ֻǵ˵ģԼ˵ûš
ô
̫Ӷе˼飬⵽׷ʲô£ӷ·һ޴еһУյһУȻȫתһȫµڳӷδġѪԪء
塭а񡭡ʵĸռ䣬ĸ磬һеԴͷγɵġѪԪأûκرĴڣֻǰһˡһеһȣͬʱҲǻ𡭡̫ӣʱˣڤͳͳӳɣֻҪҷӳҾ͸ͳͳյġ
ӷѪԪûֻ֪ǿԿ϶һǣѪԪֻӵҲ͸ӷ˵һûʲôرˣ˵Ԫأû̫
ʵӷԼ֪ǵѪԪصʼÿһԪҪӵ߾磬ҪһŬɵģӷѪԪظոչ̶ԣȫӳǾԲܵģڽ󣬻иӷ󲻵鷢
̫ҲȲˣеķȫ˳ʮѣۼΧڤĻӰ̫ӵʵľ辡Ͼڤ֮һսڿʼˣʱ䣬ȴܳҲڶ̶գ֮䣬κ˶û֮£һսͽˡ
ӷ͵һţֻ̫֮ǰڶιӷЩ߳棬ȻȫӷˣΪһֱߣȫ˳ӷڣڳӷڽ޾ƻᣬƻûгãӷѪӤ仯Ĺãе߳棬ȫˡ
ӷʱǿ˺üΪӷֱյ̫һĹϵǼʵģ֮󣬿֪
ŵơ̫ӣڶеķͳͳҹɣ죬ҾͽеķȫԵ
еһУκһڣӷھǸ֣ʲôʲôÿһԸӷǿ󲻵
ǿֻóӷסѪԪصˣǶԵ˵ģͬʱԼܲסҲܽѪԪطӳѽ
̫ӿɾͲаˣӷ絽ն
ԣԸ㡣
̫ʮͬʱ˹ȥʮУųޱǿĹˣޱǿĹˣôҲǲɵֵסԼ۾ʹԼʱʧȥֱ
СҲû⻹һǿ֮սѽ
𻰸䣬̫ĻӰڤ磬Ѿƶǰǰγһ̾޴ĹһѪɫĹ
ӷ˫ֿٴӡֻʮӷ磬ͬʱ֣һС棬Ҳʮӷڣγһֱ
ӷԺУٳһ棬һӷͿĻ棬УһƬǻĶƬǻĶ֮ڣһѪ⣬Ѫһ塣
ȫµ壬³ӷһĸоָоǰδйҲΪָоͻȻ֣ӷ˫֣һʱ䣬һ˫ͲԼ֣Ҳô۵֣ڳӷģֻӲͬˡ
ң
ˣѪ档
Ѫ棡
ô۾ʲôѪ棬ڣǿҪ
Ѫ󷨣𡭡

ӷ˫֣ҵ˫֣еҡӦѪ泯˷ɢȥȫΧ
Ѫ棬ִӲͬĵطȫ̫ӳ˹ȥ
̫ӿЩҵѪ棬Ͳ֪ʲôãվǣһҲϴ󺰵ʻʶһ£νѪ棬ӵŶġ
̫ӻδ䣬Ѫ棬Ѿȫסȵʱ̫ӸûеκεĲʣ˵һ̣̫ӲȻ֣鷳ˡ
⣬⵽ʲô
̫ӵɫʮѿͷ֮ȫһѪ棬ЩѪǻϣͣţ
һĹˣһ̫ӵĽǲҽе
ӵʵľ裬ټϾڤ׻ôĴڣô̫ӷһҵĽأ


1922 С
̫ӵĲҽУ˶֪ôһ£Ϊ̫ڵΪ˵ҵУ޷κ˺ģɳӷҵѪ棬ȴ̫Ӳҽޱȣ壬ҲǸһѪ棬ûκεѽ˵ĻѪǵλãѾʧˣΪʲôеأ
ӷ˫Ѫ֣ڽıԭӣ󣬽ӷֵʳָΪѪ棬ĲλȫָսĻڣŸոտʼ
ô̬ǿߣһʱ֮䣬㲻⵽ôһ£˵Կ̫ӵϣκεƣӷѪ棬Ҳ޷κε˺ȻûκεˣΪʲô
Ҳںܶ˿һͲ˵ţǻеʣʱ˿̣ҲĽǰδеĽš
ԣڵڱ
ǰڣ̫ӵľ˵ǳ˳ӷ֮һҲǿоһ
ӷ緢һЦ˵ڵΪǹķֶΣ޷κε˺㻹оڤ绤壬Ǿ͸˵ˣٽʮܽ㳹Ҳֻܸ˰ˡҪģ㣬㣬㻹ܵպֽɾ޴вռռ䣬ǰһսδֳʤȻ죬ҾҪ򳹵״ܣνʣν̫ӣӴʧ
ӷѪָ΢΢һָ֮ϣҲһããӷڵĹ÷·Ϊһġ
ô۱֮µģʱѾվʣˣͬʱǷʲôƵģˣ˫۶ı˭Ҫ
⣬ôܣ
𶼲Լ۾˫ֻ۾ģģξ㡣
ⲻܣԲܣռУôֶܻδڣ
ôڸоһ۾ȥһȥоģԣһֵһġ
ӷЩѪ棬ȻСӵġС棡
κҺ壬ܽһ˵ǺģС棬һԴߵռ壬ֻнСƵٵڵֱӽһԴߵСݻٵû˵ʲôǿԽһԴߵС֮ڵģ
ڣӷѪ棬ĵȷȷǽ̫ӵСڣңѪ棬̫ӵСڣСڵһɣĿ򣬲СٵȴСڵ͵̫СڵһСڵȫˣͽȫᣬǸʱһվ̫ܽӸɱ
һЦû˵κλôۣ죬ڼʶʲôѪԪأԪصƻᣬͲڵһڵһɣʣôǿǿ󵽲ôĴڣһһܽǵС棬ҽСڵͳͳɵôǿҲѾ𲻵˿ˣˣӷѪ滹ܽ˵Сɣһ̽ӱ˵С棬̽Сڵжһô̽ӸɽΪһ壬Ҳ˵̽ӣɣֱ̽ӣ̽ջѪ棬ɶԷշ磬Ϊ̬Ĵڣ
֣һǿ֮սֶöͿԴڵ⽫κһأǽһôĴڣ
ô˵ɣִڣ޵еĴڡӷѪԪزŸոչ̶ԣСӶս֮ǰŹСڵģóӷǸճεѪлɳˡ˵һѾȶС棬綼Сȶ˵ģǹԳӷСڵѪԪ׽ɵġ
ѽԪأҲмģոȶεԪأٱ̬ҲһķΧһõԪأڸԪУûκεĸߵ֮ˡ
ôѪԪ˱ֻ̬ҪӷСӽŬԪȥǸˣѪѪ棬ʤġ
ǡ
ͣһ£ǿʲôԾĵط˵ѪԪأͨģҲͨսġ
˵ûصĴڣضжصķѪԪأǿҲǿսģǿι
ǵڲ񷶦ʱӷѾ˵ˣѪԪأҪιԪѾΪ˵һιƷҲ˵ӷҪѪԪأͱԸֲͬĶȥιⶫǿѪԪصιƷҪԽԽǿ
ڣӷǳ̫Сڵոսϣ˳ĽɣɺĽǶѪԪصһιʹѪԪһ׶Ρպأ̫ĴڣѾǿˣպҪҵ̫ӸǿĴڣһҪСڵ̸κѽ
۷֮£ûκáСε𲽣̫ˡ
㲻õģռռ䣬۷ĴȻ٣ںռȴӵźܶ࣬ʱȵģֻЩһӶˡ
ţӣռľƣѾΪ˶֣ӷСӽһͳռռ䣬ռڣκˣʸΪˡ
𣬲Ҫ̫ˡˣռڣһˣǸռϵģ򣬵걻ӡ㣬ôܻ䵽Ǹ
ѽǱ벻ͨġ˽žŰɣΪʲôҪǹƨ֪ű֮ӡȫ⣬ѵͲģȥ𡣡
ҪǼһﾾʸӦ֪ܶ¡
ڰǵʱصͺҵǸˣǸصĽɫɲǸʱǱʱֻҪ֣һ仰ռ䣬ΨǴӣǸˣȻԱңڰУٿռ䣬ԣǱǹƨʣ˸ҳ
ǹƨʵݸλ˵ʸûУǿԿ϶ġ
ǰǺռ˭ǹƨϵģ˭𽻸ǹƨʵģռΪ֮Ǹƨʣ취ӵռȥϵ֮ˣǣͨһϵǸ˸ҳóӷ磬һս


1923 ̫Աӷư
ѪԪ̫СڵһУһ㣬޴ģһͳͳɣҲѾһѪ棬̫ܽӵСĻ֣ᷢСڣǱһɽģΨʣµģֻһر򣬻˵ֻŰˣȴֵܵסӷѪɣҲ˵ʱֵܵס

̫ӵĲҽУִŴЦЦһĿʼţΪЦ˺ûס
ӷ磬Ȼ뱾ʵС棬ȴ޷СڵȫɵˣǿһǾڤ磡һռеĵһʱ䣬ǲȱȫҪ׻ҲǼ׵顣
ѽһռĵһ磬磬Ҫ׻Ƕںܶ˵ǲܵġǰʿܻ֮ڤ磬Ϊʿôۣ֮󣬾סռ䣬ҲûжԾڤ綯֣ǲ룬Ǿʱ䣬Ƕûգܽʣǰڤ糹׻
ӷ粢ûΪ̫ӵĻе⣬ûΪԼѪԪ޷ڤе⣬Ϊǳӷ֮е飬ڤôױ𣬱ɣǾͲǾڤˡ
˵Ҫڤһɵ𣿱ˣڤ磬ռĵһ磬ҳҵļ硣ҪԾڤ籣סǾԲܵġ
̫ǲ԰ףӷĻǻе˼ӷǴʲôˡ
ⲻܣ㲻ܡ
ȻҲܱ֤ڵԪܽκһǿߵڣһˣǾΪΪʱҿ̽С棬С棬ͬԽСڵ򣬸תƳ
ѪԪصǳӷողŷģѪԪ֮ߴԪΪصһ֣ȻŶ෽ôֻɱ¾ƻᣬǾͲжˡ
ôۣˣټʶˣӷѪԪأѾ̫ӵƿͬʱ̫ڵѪԪأҲѾƳңžڤ磬һˣֱӾʹ̫ӵؿ˳
ѪɫǺܴ󣬳̫ǰ̫֪ԳӷԪأһԼʧȥ˾ڤ磬ǱԣҪþһֶΣڤס
᱾ʾڤ磬ȥɡ
εӦŶԣڣҲˣڤ磬ҳҵģڣԭɡ

ֻһǿľڤ磬ֱӱӷ˹ȥڳӷС
еľڤ磬磬ٿ̫ӣʱ̫Ѿ˵УȴһˣҸ̫վһģ˭ﶼѾ˸Ŀǰλã̫ӣѾˣԼѾˡ
ˮתǰӮ˾ڤ磬ԳΪ֮񣬶죬Ҳ۵ǰܣֵˡ
ɽڣûա߰ɡ
һϤ̫
̫ȻתģȻԼĸס
㣬ôᡭ
Ҳ֪̫˷ܣôģԼĸͻȻ֣ڣȻЦ
ԭһУġ㣬ҰͷӮˣͶԭ֮λˣһˣҲܻ㡣
񣬵ʱѵ㻹֮ҪŽδȥԸңΪģΪҵĵ̫࣬ңûоԵİմӮǡ㣬ΪҰ̫󣬶˻λŻᵼ½ܣٸҵʱ䣬˵
ٸ˵ϻȻѾʱҲûʲô·ˡ죬Ҫȫɡ
̫һǿСڽʣһȫǿ⣡
ҪԱС棬ˣûġ
ȻܳΪʣǱСȻ˵ǿʵĶӣ㱻ӷѪСڵ򣬱СҲǿģԱС棬ɵƻͿ֪ˡ
ɱҲġ
ӷѪָһһѪ棬ٴγ̫ӳ˹ȥ
̫ǰһһѪ棬ֱӴʣӷҪɱģ̫ӣ˿ɹܲˡ
Ѫתơ
ѪԪظӵģӳӷմʵһ̣תƿͲѪ̫ڣС棬̫ӵȫѾѺۡ
Ҫʹһɡʽ͸ǳҵˣͬھ
ã
ľشһ̫ҪԱС棬ڳˣȫû
ٴδ򿪳涴ˣȫתƵ硣
ѽΨһܱסЩģ̫ӵСûԱ֮ǰ򿪳涴ȫص磬ٴιرճ涴ʲô¶ûˡ
಻˫ֿٴӡ涴ٴγ֡
ӷ纰ˣ˻ص硣ľأҶϺ󡣡
áˣ˽ȥ
¡¡
̫ӵȫѾ˱ըʴ󾪣Ӧȴǳ죬ٶȣ뿪Ҵ󺰵ӷ磬һ㱨ġ
ˣ׷
׷ƨѽȵֵסⱬը˻صȥ
ӷֹסľȥ׷ɱʣˣһҲܲˣûǵٶϣ
ôѾʶѪԪأһսѾˣ̫ѾԱˣѾˣһʣҪû´ĻռѾ֮ˣ֮󣬳Ҷ˽ռ˳߲ʣ˺ռ֮⣬ûĵطȥֻҪȥ˺ռ䣬ǵʱҵ
ȥɣʱҲûʲôˣȳӷСӴռս͸תƺռˡ
ռ䣬ռΪأҲΪǿĿռ䣬£ưԣռռĶ֣ռ䣬Ҳӭһȫµļ꣬һȫµǿߣһȫµġӷ硣


1924 ǰϦ
Ĵսⳡν֮սڣѾ׽ˡ
Ȼһսģǳӷ磬ҲǳҸĵһˣǰڤ硣
˵ϣ˵˵ڴ죬ڶʤˣͺñսһֻսʱ˵㣬Χ˵㣬ɵȻǵһȡʤ
Ȼνаֻ֣֮Ĳͬˣӷһ˵Ǵ壬ҲǴаڣֻһ˵һʽˣ
ǰǵĺƽȴռУΪȶĴڣϾǰˣ̫ˣˣܵʲôطȥˣĿǰû֪Ǳߵǳ࣬Ҳ˵ӷڱҪ뾡һа취þһֶΣ򳹵׸
̫֮ǰֻһڤ磬񣬳ӷҪģռ䡣
Ҳڣ̫ӽ½ռ䣬ҲʹĳӷҪĶ࣬½ĵһ磬ȽһӶⲻǰ˳ʧͬʱҲóӷãһǿȾڤҪС
Ȼܶ飬˵ҪһĵģԳӷֶΣҵ˵㲻㲻ͶǵȴģҲֻˡ
µʱȥˣй½ӭһȫµͷȥܶ飬ҲѾΪ˶֡
ӷ綼ûлȥǴųҸĵֱȥһǱߣչһɱ¾ЩӣͳͳϾɱκεĲݸֻв
˵ռ䣬ڣѾȫΪ˳ҵӷ粢ûнڤͷųûӶ½֮ɵһռеĵһʱ䣬Ҳ˵ɾɵģԽռ磬ȫһĻǲ޵еԣӷžڤ磬½պ˺ռٿܷܲӳ󲻵ô
磬ѾΪռ磬Ҳǳӷ´ȫĵΪһ磬һפĳ磬һڲͣĶЩһдѹԲɱɱһǿߣպ𵽺ܴãϾӷڻĲռ䣬ռ䣬ʣһΪǿΪأҲΪֵĿռûи㶨Ǹռ䣬ǳĴڣȥˣȫµ׷󣬸οǳӷ硣
һ죬ӷѾص˵磬صйص˾ǣԶɽЦѣкܶˣҲۼԼҴԺС
ӷ磬ռ䶼Ѿˣʲô㡣
Щõ飬Խ֪ԽԽãԶɽ鷿ӷ̸Ž
˵ԶɽѾˣֻһͨˣӵδǹĵġ
ԵĻԶɽҲӷͨֻϧڵңܶ飬ɼģǹŴڣǰ񣬶ȥԼ飬ӡ
ǰҵܼ򵥣飬ҵμӹ飬ӣŮһӣԴ֪Լǳҵ̵ᵽҲˣЩӣ˵̫ˡ
Զɽ̾˿Ѿߵ˽죬ǽӷҪʲôҪʲô·˸ףֻԼԸ˵ڰˡ
ڵѾ㹻򿪺֮ˣʲôʱȥ
ӷЦһ˵ǱߵңұҪȥ
ԵĻֻɡǳѾչ˽죬ռ䣬ռѾ㹻ˡ˲ңҲˣ仰ǰĳ˵ǲ̫ʵֵģڣҲүүͣǸͨˣڴΪͨΪ򵥵
ӷүүԶɽ˼ȥ˺ռ䣬ܶ飬ѾԼܹƵˣλԼȥռתһȦͻ𣿲ܣ׳ԶɽںռҲٵĵˣЩ˻һԼ޷ǿߣǵ£ԼԼĸЩѾ³ĵ˻ͬ
Ϊ˰һ³ԶɽӷҲֻǿͷ˵Ӧ
ҵ֮һ뾡һа취ֻġ
ֵƢүүΪ磬ʮ겻ΪһУ˵һ嶼ûУĻˡռ䲻ͬǱ߱ǿޱȣ֣е㲻̫ܡ
үү˵ʲô
ӷѾԶɽǻл
үү֪һȥˣҲ׾ͻϾֵڣͬѪǳҵѪԣҪԽ֣ΪǸǿĴڣǿĴڣΪǿǸˣʸ˵κλ
ԽۣЦɿˣ뷨ӷС
һֱŬһԽ֡ڻǱߵҲֵ֪·ߵôġһУҪȹȥҵ֮˵
ţҲֻˡ⣬ȥǴһȥǶȥ
ͨռ֮ŵģ߸û
ѽûˣͨռ֮ţţ˵ȥһΣգĿǰߵǿ˵˳ӷ磬Ҳѡ
̸裿
ţҪһȥ
һأ
ӷЦһԶɽ˵һȻľءľǼһԸóӷ͸ˣеʱǳ޵еԸеʱǺӾްҹԸеʱľصԸεεԸǰͬǰټϵΣ͸˿͸
ҲҲһ𣬵ܱ֤̲סҪȥˡϾֵǰʦӣȥҰˡ
ðɡ죬һˣʹʹԶٷȶپƣ˵ҲǵһΣ˾ۼô롣֮ˣúһϣ죬үүȥ㡣
˵꣬Զɽ߳鷿ӷ粢ûֱӸȥ鷿˺һᡣ
ռѾĻʣһռˡ
ռ䣬ԭǲȥģ˵㣬ǵ֮һУҶܣû취˭Ѿչһء
죬죬ҽһ뿪磬뿪ҵˣҵѣȥһİĵطİĻǸطһεԣǽΪѰԼĸףͿʱǱ߻ᷢʲôˣ
ռ䣬Ĵ½εĵطԵĵطͿʱˡ˵һͣһͿ㵽жܹˣ


1925 ռ
һʱֹȥˣһӷû飬һֱżˣѣƨʲôġ
ʵһ֣֮ͥҪκϵܣܶʱļ䣬Ļ˵ȫ˶֪ѾһҸˡ
ǣ˵һҸʱ򣬾ͻʹʱ۵ʱҲͻзʱ̡˵һܻвϵʹ֣ʹɳ˽죬ӷѾȫɳˣҲһ֮κεıȥԼһƬˣҲھĵʱ򣬾Ѿ֤˳ӷ籾
˱ɽһƬصأȴͨķصأʲôģﰲϢˣȫһ쵼ˣȫ߲ε֡
죬컹ûӷѾˣͬʱԶɽЦѣ̣ѵˣҲȫˣˣȫۼ˰˱ɽ֪ģΪЩĴڣ˱ɽݼʲô˵ġ
ʱҲˣ
ǿ˿ʱ䣬ʵϣǾѾʱ䡣
֮ţÿһܿһΣֻռһֹˣռ֮䣬ÿһʱ䣬ͻһȴſȴţͨһռ䣬ֻҪλöˣˣţͻῪҲķǿԴŵģǾֻҪ㹻κʱ䣬ԽŸ򿪣ֻҪλȷͲ⡣
Ѿ֮ŵλĺˣǱҪ֮أֵطҲǵһλõģκһطڣǣҲںܶĵطֻ벻ñ˿ţǾͲʲôһ֮ضУҪǺܶ˽ĵط
˱ɽõĵص㣬Щ쵼ļǽģ컹ûҪҲ磬ԣ˱ɽʺϴŵĵط
ڰ˱ɽλãһƬյأûκεķصأҲ˵˱ɽģһƬ԰ְ㣬ĸˣķǳãòУ˭סģȫǶԹ˾޴׵Ĺء
ҵļ˾ˣס
ӷ翴һƬصأ̾˿Լļ˾ˣȫɽ죬ԼȴҪݼǵģҪ뿪硣
Ѿǵһ뿪ˣÿ뿪ʱ򣬳ӷﶼһޱȵʧУҲһߣпԶزˣӷҪߡ
ӣһжѾ׼ˡ
ǾͿʼɡ
ӷ磬ľǸһȥ𣿡ʵ
ǸطʱȥţҲȥңһ죬ǻȥģǸʱҲҪǵʱԣǹȥ֮ǰÿһˣ뽫ԼΪ߾硣
ӷŻѣ˵飬Ҷܷģ棬ǱߣǿţӦò̫⣬ĵģ㣡
ѽΣҪӷһȥһ裬Ѿ׼
ӷΨĵģǻѣ˵ԼŮ
֪ڵʲôͲõģһչ˺ǵŮġȻǰǣ
һսУû֣֮ǰֹӷɱһЩˣ˵ЩѾϤֳħķʽˡ
ű䣬űҪ񣬿ŮȴҪħ˵ӷߵ·ܶ෽һģںܶ˵ǲһġȳӷҪãӷʮ𲽣겻Ѿˣ
֮Уȥ꣬һΣ治ұ֤ҪãԲȾ֮Ҫ١ϣʱǵŮʱޱǿ󡣵ȻҲܳԽң٣ԱҲܸӷġ
ţףȻñͨǾԲܵ£˭ǳҵء
ˣҲʱˣ
ӷߵԶɽЦǰ˵үү̣Ҹˡ
ӷ磬סԵĻҪսȰ
ӷ˵ͷʱ򣬳Զɽһ仰Ҳû˵˵ģѾ˵ˡ
ЦѾеȫ˳ڵѾǸʮ˼ˣ˵ʲôֻϣԼŮĺãҲѽ
̣ˡ
ԼСһ㣬Ǳߣ˼УҪǿ
֪
ӷ߳ȺȺʮ֮أֹͣ˽ŲҪӳͻȻɽ£ʮ
ã⹫ˡ
ӷ磬֪߰ɡ
ѽ֪Щ飬ǲҪ֪
ˡ
¡ӷ磬ľأ
ӷЦһ˵ǱߣȻġ
ʵľؾɽڳӷ֮ǰѾˣȴû
ȣԽٶȸҲѾڰɽһǿҵѪ⡣
ӷ磬С𡣡
ǰסԽ죬˵ǲҪȥˡ
֣ӷÿζϴһ߾ֲ֪꣬Ҫȥʲôطܵ˱ɽһҪҲŷġ
ǳҵЩɸ˵ܣЩܣ֪ġ
衣
ΣӷĸףҲԼ·Ҫߡ
Լ·ǽʲô·֮ǰһߣЩֻڵӰ￴Ķ֪һߣ
Խ춼ȥ룬սˣ´οɱһȺѽ
Խ˸յĵطʱģֻҪԶɽˣӷ磬̣裬û
֣ӷأ
Խǰʵȴûһ˻ش
ϱҪ̫ģӷܿͻģ
ЦѵĻдһֿɬԽῴ
裬ܸܲңӷȥʲôط
һǴҶ󲻵ĵط
ǲǺΣգ
ģҲǱߡ
Цѹ˵ҲǱߣֻöϱĵ㣬Խȴӵ
Ǹȥͬһطһͨĵط˭ܱ֤ǻǱǳʲô£
ѽ۸ܵʲôطǾĴһ֣һȷѪѽͬʱͬһطͬ£ǻôĺ
ϱǲǷǳҵģɷҲ
Խ֪ԼѾˣѾˣϵף治֪ҪʲôʱУ
ҲܹţΪӣΪĸףһɷˣһ¶ˣѹģԽ졣
ȥɣøȥ֪һǱ߰ˣˣȫͬһʱʧٵģ
ɽϣľ̾ҡͷ˵һߣҲľԶزˡӷ磬治֪˵ǺأТģԼĸ׵һ涼ǲӵѹ𣡰߰ɣռټ
Χĺ⽥ɢȥľؾͳһʧ֮󣬻һ⣬ֱӳһ˿֮ڡ
ռ䣬ˣ


1926 Ĵ½
Ϧ£ɫԲ͹ҰգƬԭɫȾ˳ɫͬһ̫ͬʱ֮ģһɫͬǵ͹ҰգҲ̫ʱ˿̣Ѿγ½Ե澰ֻðƺŸǷӥڸ߿пٷɹǵٶȣͬȥļǵˣǰݣ˫һչǾ֮⣬
Ƭ缸ûʲô֮£ȴһ澰޾ĺ򣬷·ûоͷĺУֻߵղ㣬Ļ溣еľͲˣĴ½½֮䣬ңԶĺ򣬴߿տȥĴ½ǷΪĸλģĸλĴ½ĴСǲµĴڣ״ееǣеΣеԲΡķ½м䣬ǵ½½ķ½ΧУսµĲмĴ½ԶΣյĴڣķ½ϣһϣмĴ½ͽû˿ءǺռĵһ磬ҲǺռ磬Ĵ½޾ĺ򣬸γɵĺĴ½
½磬Ƶ˵İû˿ɱ¾ûκǿߴڵϢǺУĴ½ϣû˿ΣտԣһԴǺƽ밲Ĵ֮ء
˰УߵУͻȻһ֣мһԲȦ½Ͽգγһš
ڣ˺¡¡ӵǿ󣬵󣬾ıըƵģǰĵ⣬˳⣬޷Ƶģֱ׹½ĲͬطֻһѪɫ⣬ڸʱԼΪȶѹͣŵſڣţҲĴȥ֮󣬽ʧ
ѪУһӰֳһ˵ӰһӵӰϴʮأڵͨװ磬ռߡλռߣΪصĿռ䣬Ϊǿ磬׻ᷢô£׻ôľأ
ӷ绺۾ȫѪҲʧӷɫȴǼΪѿȻûиϴȥһˣӷǽĵķǳ֮󣬴ĵڣӷ缸Ѿƣˣ
Ŀռ֮ţҲ̫ǿ˰ɡеסǼȻˣأ
ڴԽռǶ·ϣӷ綼ȥ飬ÿһͷ·ԻһеǸʱԼ̣˾ۼһ𣬽һ𣬲ǿֵסɺ棬ľǼһͻȻ˹ɢ˳ӷ˵ĺĸ˲һҪԶڿռͬڣҲزȥˡڣؼʱ̣ô۳֣Űӷ˳ͨռ֮ţ˺ռ䣬Ϊڸճռ֮ʱôֲܣ޷ңľ£ֱӾ׹ȥ
ľظ裬ӷһҲģϺˣʲôطǶܿٵӦ̲ͬǵһһİּΣյ磬һĻƽʿǺռѽ֪ᷢʲôµ顣
ϼһҹ
ӷʶ󺰵Ѿ˲ô۵ϼңҲȸԼܣʲôİɡ
ǡ
ôһȻʱĬܳӷôǣǾһǹװûͲӷ硣
ӷѽղŸûע⣬ʲô׹ȥģٿ½ѾģмСǿ½Ҳ绹ѽ֮ߣŵʮʮľôߣ˵Ĵ½ķλĻټϿͷĺ磬Ǳȵϰٱ
ļһһôӴ磬Ȳ˵ģԼͬļˣԼҲҵѽοزģȴ뻹Ҫ
ΪһﲻҾʲôɲˡ
ȻѾ˺ռ䣬Ӵ󣬾ԾǺһ磬Ĵ½ˣǳӷһҪģȽ½˽һĲ֡
½Ϊĸλٽмһλ˵мģֱͨĿ½֮£ҲӦԣģû´Ļмǿ½ӦþΪĴ½ˣҲĴ½ĵ۶ڡ
ӷѾֱȥмǿ½Ų̻ľиԼһ뷨ҪԼȥǣһȫۼмǿ½ȥġ


1927 ģ磬
˵ΪأΪǿӷɲ޼ɵΪڻ֪۶Щʲô˵ͬʮǰǰ㣬һ޴粨Ϊӵĳӷչ˷ݣǿɾǿߵ׷ɱˣûκΰԼЭ֮£³ӷĵƷ࣬Ҳ·һ
ԣڳӷֻǸһ͵͵ǱмĴ½˽һʲô֮ģѷⷽ˽ˣ̵ʱ磬κ˷֣ԼǸߡ
ӷмĴ½֮󣬷½ͬһƬԭ㣬Ȼɭ֣ɳĮвԭҲɽɽˮˮݲݣȴһļҲ˵Ӧû˵ģһϢӷ綼о
ôﲻΪǿΪʲô˶
ӷ֮ͻȻһֵڳӷĲԶһƬɭ֣Ǻܸߴ󣬷ǷǳСеǰɫģһƬСİ֡
֨֨¸µ˳ӷ⣬˵ƬСİڣˣǣӷҲֻ߽ƬСİ֣һ˵ĻǾܰԼ˶ĵطȥǵطܾһС
밫Сİ֣ߵҲֻȳӷһˣ߰ûгӷߣûֲϵҲӷһֵֺĸо·ЩͲȻγɵġ
֨֨¸µӷԽԽӷĽŲҲҶ鿴һ½µӷ緢֣Щĺر
ɣȻ£
ӷ֤ڵĳԾҲ֤һ£ڵͲȻγɵģΪڣӵŶֵʣЩʣӷȴû
ৡ
ͻأһӰڳӷ绹δǰǿ̣ӳӷͷһӷȻǸոջָһʱսԱ׼
óӷ벻ǣղŴԼͷǹӰȻͣһðϣһҲ
ӷ˫ķǳԼ۾ԼĶ
ʲô
ӷԼʲôһεĶȴǳССĿε岿λȴǹ죬ÿһλȫķģڶÿһǷǳǳģһ㶼ղŴԼͷĹӰΧǶ֮⣬ûĴˡ
ɫģɫģǲˣһһС͵ġˣ
ӷ¿ɾˣﵽʲôطģѵǴ˵еĺռ䣬һ磬Ĵ½طôܻлˣ
ѵԼͿԴԽռ䣬ڵĵطͲǺռ䣬ڵ𣬲ȻôܻῴһС͵ĻˣǻˣǴģ⿴˫۾֪ˡǣԼղҲǼٵѽһȵϰٱ磬⵽ôһ£
棬棬Ѳжţֿλǧﴦ֧Ԯ֧Ԯ
Сͻ˿ʼ˵ˣ˵ģǸôһԣԣӷĶ

ӷ໰ģڣ̲סˡ
Сͻӷ˵໰˵ǰĿ꣬עв½˵໰
ӷûһˤǺռ䣬Ĵ½ĻעﲻǿΪΪʲô
棬棬ǰĿ꣬վ𶯣ٶҾҪˡ
СͻǷ˫׼ӷ磬ӷպҪǰⶫǲԼֻ֪ˡ
ٴξ棬ٴξ桭ѽˡ
ͻȻһ仰Ⱦܣóӷһ㶣ʲôʲôѽ
ѲжأĻ°ܣ
ܣܣ
ӷһֱӾͳСĻǰСͻ˫£һ⣬˳ӷϣСͻ˵Ŀ꣬϶죬ǿߣԪءֲֲǸΣշӡѲжţһ䱸һ䱸
ʱڳӷץסСͻʱһϣͻȻ˺ܴ˵
ССˣûǸˣȫǽģȻһֱʯӲĽӷδԿ϶ǽ
С壬ȻԷųǿңղ˫⣬ɨһһ¾ͷֱ˳ӷΪȼҲ̫˼ˡ
ա
һЩǴдģƬӣʱ֮һƬڣˣУ˺ܶ壬Щ壬֮䣬ͽӵϿոڸס
ӷ̧ͷһԹԣЩʲô
ɻֱҲǣһĳܳȫΪɫֻЩܳûӵģĵɫ⣬ǲڵܵĳӣзɵĳӡ
ţѾΧˣϾͶȻǾͲˡ
ɳϣȻˣ˿ŵģ꣬ôƬһĵǺռ䣬Ĵ½Ǹ߿Ƽġδ磡


1928 ²
Էһֳӷ޷˽ĸ߿Ƽ̽ӷΪͬӷҲԷųʶȥ̽ԷΪ
ڣЩŷɳˣûһֲ̫ǿߣΪߵģҲϵˣ£ӷҪߣûסԽȫҲ⡣
ӷһ£ôʱڣۼôˣǱضһԼ磬ֱӰһʵǲ㡣
νǿѹͷߣ֪ⷽͷߵжӴҲв½Ϊǿ
⣬ְΧ£Լߣ־ܵĻܱǴ˶ĵطȥղǸСͻ˲˵ԼڵλãǾʲôǧĵطҲ֤ǧ֮⣬һС
˼󣬳ӷϾϣץɣץסԼܶԼЩ˵ΪԼҲȷһҪУڶҪĶ
ţлú˵Ҳûκζ⣡
ӷԾľ˫֣ķɳҲѾغ󣬳ӷ翴ÿһɳˣһҲţ෴ӷվǵǰͬһŴƵģʹһӷ֡
Щһ湻湻ʱеģӷֿʼɣԼͲʲôռ䣬ڵδˡַһ룬˵ռ䣬һǿƼ棬ռҪȽĶĿռ䣬ѵνȽȽط
ܺãڤ磬ӷ绹е㷳߿Ƽ磬ʺϳӷģǹڣҲпƼ˫ߵĽϣһȫµòȫµ硣
ͷģһǳˣȥԼʮңûκε֮һˣҲȫˣͱȴͷҪСԼǶʮӣӷ࣬ΪߵģǴͷˡ
ͷȵʱû˿ļɻ䣬ֱӳӷȥӷʮ״Сͻ˵жӳΣգΣգһϵǿߡ
ͷ֧еĶӳжӳ˵һ֧Сжӡ
˵Ļͷˣиһˣȫͣ˽ŲǸƵģȫųӷ硣
ϵ죿ţûи
ûû
Сܵͷǰվڴͷ˵Ľ¡
ͷ˻˻֣һ꽫˴˺ȥ
಻ʮ꣬ôܻӵ֮ߵΪ
ǺĴͷˣԱһ˵ٴνɨ衣
ǣϴ󡣡
óһųӷ磬͸֮ǰһһ⣬˳ӷϡ
ӷ֪һ̽ԼΪԼֲɵղûκε׼˽һôǰԼĵ׸
ȫս˲񷶦Ҳֻս񷶦Ų˷ڵΪһôľ磬սطС棬ᱻֵġ
ϴСӸһΪûУֻǸϣ
Ǹϣţôµģһϣ˵ϵ죬һ䱸Ǳϼ𣿡
Ļ˵ǣǣһǸˡ
ǰɨһ³ӷ磬֣ӷڣһûС
ѽղǡ
ˣҲǵһγˣĸϻȰ˴ȥף֮ɡ
ͷ˼ӷǸû˿ͨˣֱӾǰ˵Сӣһ˰ɡ
⻰ģôоеǾץѽҲֲЩһץɣױץˣͷϵķûУᱻɵġ
ҷʲôˣΪʲôҪץң
Сӣǲв½ˣ
˵ģŲͬȻ˵ǵѽ
ǡ
ǲ͵ˡһ½ˡȻв½ܾ½˹ֻҪߣȵǳԣûǳǰҲ֪ݣҪȥݸûĻв½ȴֵܴط棬̫Σգϣʱġ
˵˰죬ʲôϵģӷ綼֪ʲô˼ҲѽֻǵķԣԼʣԴ
ܱ֤˺ң
ͷǶЦ
ʲôЦģ
Сӣв½ɲĴ½ǲ˺һϵġ
ӷ·һ㣬νϣͨ˵˼ɡ
Ǹˮ𣿡
ڿռ֮żеӷȻǲ֧ģûԣˮҪȵɡ
һǶ˰ɣɺģ
ӷͷ
һֻҪԼȥˣŻ뾡һа취Ưȥ½ǸϣӦԼȥ˰ɣ
ӷٴεͷ˵ʲôʲô뷴䣬Ҳܷ
ǺãߣжԣҲˮȣǷ²ҲŰġ
²
꣬˼ˣóҴӣռߣյռ䣬ͱɷ²Ϊ֮ˣ


1929 ǳ
Щһķɳ治һĿ죬ǧѽǶԣҲǼ·ľ룬ӷֻøȥʮӣ֧ɳӾѾֹͣһĳ潵䡣
ʱ򣬳ӷȻҪϸƣŸ߿Ƽ磬ǵĳнôⲻ֪һóӷһ
棬һޱӴĳУ˵ǳУ˵һңΪӷδһлһҵĴСйԺϽĳҲֻһ̨壬һۣһŰˡ
ţǴ۽磬һ߿ƼУбһͨΧǽΧסڳڣŸ¥ãȫɺϽɵģнֵ·ƣ̳ϣ·ţûڵܵĳеĽͨߣȫϷɵģһ͸Ĺܵڹܵڣһ𳵵ĶڿٵĻţ棬ˣ
УòϣκһУҪǿٷչһ꣬һǧ꣬δܵȸ߿ƼҪ
ΪرǣУûгŵģҪȥֱ죬죬ھס˵Ҳʲô¡
ӷûмκһֻޣ㲻ܺˣָ߿Ƽϵ磬ôûޣһΪ߿ƼĹϵĹûн޷ų޸߿ƼĳнһǾеĲˣ
ɳѾȫ½ҲѾгӷ³ˣȣΨĺôǣӷûҲûһĺ⣬Ҳ˵ǺߵĹڳӷϣЩǴ⼸ɳģЩˣﶼźֵеǹǵÿһŶżɱ
˶ӳǻˣ治ʲôرɣ
ɳɲͣڳеȺУǽһׯ԰ĴԺţҲпأΧкܶѲߵˣÿһ˵񵶵
о˵Ĵͷ³󣬾ͼһŮǰкŮ˿ֻжʮӣﻹһӸһ֧ʣϴƷΪɫģеǾ֮ġ
飬ÿζҪǵǲ˼ѽ
˶ӳӷĳǲˬ
ΪŮ˿Ц˶ӳɲܹѽҲ֪ÿжϵȱжҪһͷѾ´ָȥԺƻȫǵĹۡÿ飬ΪǺ
ָӦþЩɳжÿµƻԶжӸߣǾ˵֧жӵսӦΪͻģݽɫʹõĶȻĿ졣
ȻӷҲǵĶԻкܶණǸһģ٣˿ɲһζҪģԹȡǵĹʡǵʱ䣬Ҳǰ·ģȻǸͲ˵ÿˡ
ãЩǳӷ֪ģҲóӷܸãӦ硣
飬Ҳ֪ҪͷӦһѽжӳڵξҪƴһΣװϣܲ𡣡
˶ӳ˵ûһǸͷ˵˵ġˣǵӣûʲô£Ҿȥֳ㱨ˡ
һ¡ûȴץ˸ˣˡ
˶ӳһ֣꽫ӷ˹
鿴ųӷ磬ʵϣ
ãһСѾͷ϶˳ӷǸͨˡ
ûһҲĽ㣬ĹͰǸ㶨ɡ
û⡣ʹȥݱ¼
б¼ˣӷʵǺΣôôǿߵ硣
Сӣ߰ɡ
ӷЦһ˵㻹Ѿͷأ
仰һڳˣǾ˶ӳڣȫһֿųӷ硣
ղ˵ʲô
˵ʲô𣿡
ҽѾͷ㵨ͦġҪ֪Ѳ֣û˸ңһϾȻңãܺãߣһúдġ
˶ӳһ̾ҡͷСҪùˣ
ϴ󣬱ˣ֪ߵغļһһϣȻҶ˵ˡ
ǵĻӷĺӣԼ鷳ˣѽ
鳤Ļ㲻Ҳ飬ӷУôôɣòҪ֣Ǿ˶ӳΪһϵѣһҶ֣Ǿ̼ɱĻɫ
һ·鳯һ¥ȥͲĳӷܣЩ˿һͨˣһϣҲûܣȻʵ
ӷҲûҪܣôǸߴĵطͺ񾯲һƿȫ˽磬ռĺ£ӷ绹ܣɵ˰ɡ
һ£нʲô֣
Լһߣͷ۾еС󣬷Ƿǳ֣ЦʱСѣȴ˵ӦǸղμӹãȴʲô飬ȻΪ֮⣬ļͥˡ
ӷԿ϶Ůǿĺ̨Ȼ⻹Ҫ֮ǰ˶ӳ˵ЩŮˣõ֮Ļ
ͣ½Ų鲻ɵĿЦһ˵в½ǳǶ֪Ǵĸɽѽ
в½ǳǣҲв½ΨһһУ֮ôģӷ绹֪Ͼ͸ոһСƬطʲô
ˣٷϻߣ·㲻ǳǵʸһˣв½ģԼĴ½ȥ


1930 Ϸʼ
һ칫ңһεӸ֮⣬ǽϵǼĶһ˵һˮ϶ʱһ£ֻһĻ׹֣ǰγһĻ£ͳһ̡
꣬ȻеԣԾǵԣֻʾȽϸˣ
ӷѽ磬ǵĸİ棬ֻǱҪ߿Ƽˡ
ˣ˵˵ʲô֣
鿪ʼ¼ˣڿٵôţһʳ⡣
ӷ翴˿ǽϵļƳ⣬ڼ
ӷ硣
䣿
Ӧøࡣ
ʲôͻشʲôôϻ
дʮɡ
Ա𣿡
෴
Ƣеıˣ͵ָųӷĶͷŭˣǰɣ
ңΪǵĽ֮ˣʲôѽֻЩ⣬ͲҪʣ˲ǷϻҲ˷㱦ʱ䡣
ѽҲö˵ʲô
֡ʲôطˣģ
ûҡ
ѽûңûҡ
ǸߣǳǴˡ½໥̽飬Ҳܱ֤ǲ½ļϸȻڲ£Ҳ׵Ľȥ
˵С㣬ʲô˼ѽ
˭С㣿ŲŪ㡣
ðɡŮǴô
ģ
ʲôûɡҪһηһ¡
֪¾ͺãʵ㣬شҽ⡣
ӷ绹£һˡ
֪ʲôʰɣ֪Ҳࡣ
в½ʲô˵ʵ½ģʵʵңһģٲñһӡ
⣬ӷ绹ǿԻشġ
˵ġ
˭
Ҹס
㸸ףʲô֣
ѽв½ĹλӦ½ϣв½ϣ˵ʲôĻֵλ֪ܲ˶֪
ۣû
ۣʲôģ
ô֪ܹʲôѽ⻹˸׳⡣
û´ĻӦɱ˵ġ

ͻȻЦһ˵ڿЦɱˣǳɱˣѰս˭
һѰ𣬶ս׷һ߶ȣһЩ޷˽ĸ߶ȡ
ƶ졣˵ˣҴû
㣬½˭ǿ
ϻĸ½֪в½ǿģ¹ѧԺԺ
¹ѧԺ⻹ѧУСѧǴѧ
ʲôСѧѧ¹ѧԺв½ǿһѧв½еǿߣСӾȻ¹ѧԺ֪ǡ
ое㲻̫ԾȻӦ˫͵һģŭڵ㣬ҡСӣǰɣ
ңǽ֮ĸðѽֻѾǿߣҿ϶Ľģǿ˭֪ǰһˣҪһӣҲܸ֪ǿʲôݣΪһôľ磬ӵж磬ʲôԪذɣ
ղŵӣһ˵Ǹʲô¹ѧԺͺԺɣԼҲǳǸ¹ѧԺġ
ԳӷĹ۲죬ͼΪǸ¹ѧԺ˵ôǿӦþǸûҵѧ򣬳ӷ绹翴̫ˡ
ҲңҿҲǸ¹ѧԺѧɣңӦûûҵɣ
ô֪
ıһ䣬ȻǰСӸ˵ˡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦֻҪеģܿĳòãôһʾֱӵõˣŮˣ治
ˣ˵˵Ǹ¹ѧԺǿʲôطȻ½ϵһǿѧԺĻ
ϻѧԺȻǵһǿˡҸ㣬в½ĴѧԺ¹ѧԺӴѧ࣬һȫǴ½ǱѧǱѧûʸѧԺѧԺҪѷɫܶ࣬˵ǵĹ߲УǵҪ̫򵥣ʲô˶ҪĸгһûѧԺָҪѧԺƶȸûѧԺá
һѧԺ˵ǳ֮⣬õһȫ֧֣㷴Ҫ
ѧԺеĸ߲ϵҲӦ÷ǳðɣ
ô֪ģûԺгֳԺļ壬ǳǵĵһ壬ѧԺչˡ
ﻹг绹ǺܽӽӷҲ硣
ӷ绹ʵʲôģһӦоԼˣӷˣǲˬСӣȻס첻ɫ浱Ѳǳصˡ
䣬ͻأһ޴ľ
ཡ
ʲô£
顣
űƿֻһ˳䣬ӷǳ˵ˡ飬ϸץķԽˣֳȥ
ϸץķˣ˵жץǸ۷ǿߣ
ûǷھ֮󣬷Ƕ½ļϸΪߡѾƷǱߵһСģ˳Ǽһﻹ˵ҪѲ֣Ҿ˶ӳǱѾɱˣ
ȥ
ܵſڣתԳӷ˵Сӣʵ㣬ǲܵģһϣͲ߳мʷ
ȥǵ°ɣҲܡ
û뵽յĴ½кϷˣһĺϷִԱ֮ĶԾͿνǿߣǿһôĵزɡ


1931 Ԫ
ׯ԰ڶۼˣЩȫͬһʽƷųʮӣУǾ˶ӳվڵһӵĵһλãԶ˶ӳǶӣӦѲеĵһжӣÿжַΪϰÿһ˵װǳȫһ֪Щִ뷸Ϊһķӡ
ڲͣ죬¥ڣʮˣһŮӻ߳Ůӿȥʮ꣬ϴƷһֻļϣҪǡ
쵼ŮһѲֵĵһ쵼ˣҲǵľֳ
һ˵ĵλûʲôƽ֮⣬ǹʵҲһһϰÿεĹϰֽŵ飡
Ȼ죬Ѳ֣һսΪֳ쵼ߣǲھһʱͳġ
ʲô
Ůֳߵǰʵ
˶ӳվ˵֣Ǳ߸մϢϸץˣѾԽˣɱ·ϵȫɢϾǸһ̫Σˣһ·ѪǳǿǼɨص飡
ֳ˵ͷɫÿôѲֵĵһ֣ϸҲѾܾûôǿĶˡ˵ʵԵĻɲץǸˣɼȻѾץˣǾûصأְ˷ˣǶѲ˵һ衣
ֳǾжġʱҾѾ˵ĽɫǸͲӦȥֻ̽һǳǵҲûǣɾǣȴþֶΣǶ˸ץ
˵˾վڵڶӵǰ棬ǵڶжӵжӳһġ
˲û˵ҲȥǼһо
ƽ˵ϸµ飬ңҲģϾǵĹ
ֳվھߣĹʣ˵ĻҲȷġֻǣ粻ͬĿƼôߣҲһǿΪ磬ǿΪﲻˣǲȥֻԼ޴鷳
գҲǾϸץˣǶ½պǿߣ˵𶫲½ҲΪ½ģ˵һع
Ȼֳ˵ˣҲûʲô˵ġϾҪɱˣһԪص۷ǿߣ˵Ӷ磬ĽɫһչеʵҪһսĻǻ鷳ġ
ʱҲѾˣֱӾֳܵߡ
ֳôˣ
С̣㲻ҪżȶԼ̬վҺ档
ֳҲܰæġ
ԷΪֲ̫ˣҲֻɢ˽ϵˣûȥֹһ涯ˣԼСĵ㡣
ֳҪҪѧԺɼ˹
ڻҪҲһˣûҪʱ;¹ѧԺ
ֳʲôҿ𣿡
ֻҪҺˣҿɲ£Ȼ治֪ôѧԺ
ÿһ¹ѧԺѧҲص㱣Ķ¹ѧԺĴڣԼѧ飬ǵҲ޹⡣
Ǻãһῴ׼ʱֵġ
¡¡
ͻأׯ԰ڣӦ˵ׯ԰ڵĵ
ˣ
ˣѾˣңվׯ԰ſڣһɫ·ˣͱȽϴˣ濴ʮ꣬ɢҲǧˡ
գ
û
ʱ򣬳ӷѾ˴¥֮Ҳûʲô
ſڵˣһһĳ߽жӣһʱڿƣ׼ԸԶ½ǿߡ
ϸץҵʱǺˣ¶ֶζˣڽŸƨѽ
յֿɲһΪͲ˵ˣ۷ǿߣڴԪأʹղŵ𶯵ġ
գǶ½ˣв½ѲԱв½ץǺģʲô𣿡
֪յĶ֣ҲһʼͶ֣ԵĻǲҪ֡
ʵҲɵϣһ·Ҳûκεƻᣬ֪ǳڣкܶԼǿǿߣ˵ģ¹ѧԺһѣİִˣԿԼɰĹأĸ½˽µĳޣҲ˼ѽһɱˣƻᣬֻѲֱˣв½ǿȫۼҲҪս˽˽ٶ֡
ԣ˵ûǶˣв½̽ǵֵģץңɱˣǿߵ𣬲κðǵһʵȡʤץңǵı£һƨҲУôҲᱧԹʲôǴʹڣĵֶΣǶһƣ˳𲻱ܻŻص½Ҳûˡ
յĻǸӣӲˣʲôֶΣ˶ˣֶΣܻ
ϻ˵ǵĹ뾡һа취¡Ҫ𣬾ͳһɣ£ҵֵûϵ
ˣҲǸʲôСˣ˵ûΪ˹ȷģȻΪһжӵжӳѰȻԼˡ
ϴ㲢ս
һжӵĶԱҲͷѽܼѲ֣ȻҪֿͨģث֣ܽ
𶯣£һ˽
һˣˣ˵Ϊʦֲ㡣Ƕ¹ѧԺҵģȻ鶼ѾˣͱԼӢۣһֵ飬һ
ڶӵĶӳƽҲǸʲôɫǲͬϸץ˵жڣҲ˳žյ
ȻˣЩˣһϰɡ
մһӣѵ˶಻ɣ£ҾͲˡ
¥ĳӷǿЦһˣɲòϣЩһǺģԼܽЩȫԼµĻպķչ

󾫣ӷһУ˶࣬ɲǳӷҪģ˶ˣ£ӷеģֻһˣǸգ
Ԥıһ£ԶԶɺĺãǳӷģǺúث֣ҿ㣬ͻ뾡һа취Ū֡
ˣǲܳκµģ㣬ӷܿ϶ԣӷ绹Ҫϰ취вˣǾ͸㱨Ļɡ
һǧˣ˼һ˵Ķ֡УҪ취Ϊµļһȥ
վӷеĲͬ䣬һ߽ĶϷ򣬳һʮǿƣû´ĻǸطӦþ˵¹ѧԺˡ

ӷȻ䣬ۼһǿƣû̼ɢǱӷۼΪһ㣬ֱӳ¹ѧԺķ˹ȥ
ɣǶҲҺúһϷ


1932 Ժ
¹ѧԺеŷʽķ˵һѧ˵һ԰ʮ֮ãѧ濴ȥУܶˣѧԺĲͬط飬죬ѧԺÿһطѲţȫȫװѲӡ
ƵĴ¹ѧԺʦҲǳã·ûκεҲֻ¹ѧԺıɽһǰˡ
ʱ¹ѧԺϿգͻȻһѪɫĳ֣ĸ¹ѧԺʦǶ·һеѪԶͣ¹ѧԺϿգһҲ
ʲô£
ǲǶ½鷳ˣ
ԣһʲôҵĸо֣
̵֪ͨΣҪˣ

ʦǵĽգٴа㣬ָо˴δġ
¹ѧԺһߴ¥칫ڣ칫ҵţֱӸƿһ˺Ǽæڰ칫һֻʮߣվڴǰ̧ͷеѪ
ΣˣҪ£
ûκòĴ˵
ߣҲ¹ѧԺĽ̵תҲæһ֮ڰ칫ǰϵĲ豭˿ڲ裬˵ҪųҲûϢ˵˽
ΣеѪʲôֵͲǳǵġ
ҲֻԤʾֻѪĳ֣ûмˣ˵ԷǳѧԺġ
ĳ֣˵вѵʲô𣿡
ȻҪϴһѧȥһѲ֣Ǳߵ׷ʲô£
Ѳ֣
ţѪǴѲǱ߹ģѪӦǹҪѧԺע⡣ȻҪѧԺǾ͸ɫɡ
˵˵ͷʵΣҴĸ͵ѧȥ
һ£˵ȻǱǵǱδʺʱ񡣸͵ȫڱչأΪµĴ׼ʱܴǣ߻ħʹ͵һȥɡ
˵ǺãϾʹ˹ȥΣ£ҪҪ֪ͨԺϻ᣿
ҪһС¶ҪԺҪϻᣬ˵̵̫ˡȥɣƯһ㣬ʧ
ǣȥ졣
¹ѧԺѾɳˣǰѲ֣˵ǳɢѪȥģȥҲֻܿѲָյĶԾ
ͬʱǳǵһҲһѧԺ¹ѧԺѧԺҪªĶ࣬ǹģʦ¹ѧԺҪϺü
һƽڣ߾ۼһÿһ˵ϣЦݣֱȽյЦݡ
ҵ뿴ô
Է¹ѧԺġϼһ¹ѧԺ̵ô꣬ҲϼֵˣûãǶģ¹ѧԺˣλԺԼϻᣬ޹⣬ҲܻӰ쵽¸µԺĽȣѧԺ˵Ǽǳ顣
һ˵һѵȼˣȥȼյĻ֪Ҫʲôʱܵһʰĵز
˼ǡ
Ͻͣڸġ
ע⣬ϼһһѾǰѲˣ˵ѲǱߵȷ˵鷳½ϸ±Ѳֵøֶ£ԽѾѲȥˣҲ飬˵ѲǱߣһĺϷǣҲҪȥѲ֣ôװԵĻ
߻δ꣬һ˵ԵĻͰ¹ѧԺһѣ٣䵽¹ѧԺϾֵЩˣǰδ
ˣϻˣ֪ͨӣھ͹ȥһˣҲɳѧԺ͵ľӢѧȥģΪµ¸Ժ顣
¹ѧԺǱҳɢѪ֮ˣҽ£ѧԺҲ֪£ĴѧԺǶĴڣѧԺҲ¹ѧԺ죬ͳᣬ¹ѧԺɫԺǰǵɫ¹ѧԺҲ֪Ժͷɲ¹ѧԺרġ
ĸ⣬һŮպ͵͵Ů߳ݣһƺϣƺмһȪȪ˵ˣ¹ѧԺжھ͹ȥƻǵж
顭
һˮȪʱһֻڱϣվһ꣬һ£ͷ㣬Ҳᡣ
֪ͨǼһһдۣƻ¹ѧԺж


1933 ˣϷʼ
ѲڵԽԽţһʵǿĽɫʱʵʲô棬㶼飻һ˵ʵԶԶԽ£ʱǾͻеֻš
գһ۷ǿߣǿߣۺĴ½кܶ࣬ǳҲǶţëǣ˵ŽɫӶġ
ռ䣬Ϊŵȣ㣬ôѾ߹ӷˣ磬ѾǶˣһ۷ǿӶǵ磬ΪԪأǾͿ˵ǳưһĴڣֻҪЩǧ꣬ı̬һ޵еĴڡ
ĽɫȻǾżη壬ɲôԵˣ˿ޣ˭ˣǾûʸѲ֣ǾĶԱʱ˿̣Ҳûк˰벽һ߹ÿһ˵սʶʮǿңеҲѾ
ɣǣһϰɣ֮ڣȫԵЩСɫ
УսУͿ԰Ѿȫʵ˵ܻᱻǸץס˵һ㣬ʱõֶΣйյġ
϶ǵĵϻôţӽŪ㡣
ĶԱѾ̲סˣСӣǸƢǰѾ˸ֹסˡ
¡
ϴһ̫ˣŪ
Ūͷûڱ֮ڽˣȿȷţȴŵʱϸΪʣòУɽ죬սģʹеĻǾ͵ǳǵӡ
ֳ˵˵û鹤սսҲ쵼ˣȻҪսѲ֣ȻֳС
ܺãǳѲֵĵֳ˵¹ѧԺιϯѵʦ죬ҾҪ͹ǿߵϯѵʦʲô͡
ֳ˿գֿȭӣʵʲô
Ը㣬ҪЩɣһսʹĻֻҪܵסУӮ
ղûЩ˷ֳҲûڹ
ܺãǽ죬ҲҪʶһ£½ĵһ鱨Աǿһôĵز
䣬ֳҲտ֪յȷԼ֮ϣ˫˵УһԼжӲס
ûκεαҲҪرĽɫ֣ԼҲǼʲô˵¡
߳壬
ֳǰһ⣬γһĻĻڣһѾ޴Ƴڵֳǰһݺ˵ϣϣһѺۡ
ǵֳķһѳߣǽһûпĽʮ־޴ҲûнģƽеģڱϣһڴڴûзƮҲ˵ֳϡ
޳߿ȥȵֳ嶼Ҫ׳ҲȵֳҪߴһ˵ķͲӦóһŮ˵ֻʺá
ŵֳһ̤أ޳Ѿ˵棬ڵ΢һ£޳ѾֳС
˵¹ѧԺʮ˼ԭΪԺ֮ģʮǰȴֱ𴫸ʮ˸Ϊ¹ѧԺ޴׵ʦѾ޳ߣ֮һɡ
û뵽Ƕ½鱨׼¹ѧԺʮ˼鶼֪
ʮǰ˵ʮǰֳҲˣƲʮҵĵֳɲôѽΪҲ۷壬ӵеԲǿʱʱⵥֳǧ˰ɣ⻹Ҫںռֵطռռ䣬Ҫ۷ľ磬ꡣ
ӣռ䣬治Ϊռ֮ףΪأΪǿĿռ䡣
ҼʶһɡȽӵһС
ûκεĻɣֱӾһȭ˹ȥһȭȴżΪǿ
¡һֻǴСģֳ˫ıƽʱҪ࣬һȭУŻɫԪأǴԪأȭ֮϶˲ĳЩͳͳһȭȭС
ֳľ޳ǰһյȭƫҲƵģֱӾʹ˵ֳľ޳֮ϡ
¡
޴ĳȣ˵ˣȫڵأҲǰ뵹ΨֳʮҲǿĲվȽš
¥ϵĳӷ籾ŵģһĻ̾վ
һҪǿĶࡣһȭңҲҪ˼ѽϵǿߣţ棡
Ŵ˵ǳӷҲͲҪκεĶˣǿԼ£Լպкܴİ
ʲô¹ѧԺˣôٲﳡϷݲȥˡ
ӷǵģɱˣʲô¹ѧԺ˲ܹԼëѽΪ룬ԼԼ鷳
ڣӷڸһ֣Ҫȥ涯ֽţǵֳ׾͵ʱͻȻоΧ˺üֲͬϢ
ˣе˼üϢûġŲ˵ЩԪأȫ֣


1934 ı
һȭûû˷ص׼Ϊ½鱨ԱعĴڣ磬Ҳ̫Դ󣬸Ӳţв½˻Լʲô壬һһľʱܱȺŹ
˵ӵ磬ǳǿ߾ԲֹһЩǿ߲мȺӿԸԼֵµˣͲܿ϶ˡ
ֳʱҲûзֹͣ¹Ҳû˿˼ΪջǵֳǼжӳڣѾоѲֵΧʮֲͬϢЩϢʱ֮䣬ͽѲָΧ
ȻˣǾȫɡ
մһϵĺȫڵء
ֳ˼˵ǰʵô£
ֳҲ֪ѽ
㺰ģ
Ҷû֪ͨѧԺǱߡңѧԺ֮⣬ԣѧԺҲˡ
ھȥǣ˭ܽѲְ벽
˵ͷҪȥ죬ϣһֻѲֵ˷ͬʱʮ⣬Щ⣬ȫֳ
أֻĸˣۼѲڣÿһ涼ˣһʮˣʮˣȵʱͬʱգһᣬֻһյģˣȫԵˡ
ѧԺʱѧԺ޼ѧԺ¹ѧԺĴѧԺôܹˣ
Ǽжӳɲ֪Ǹʲô˵ԽѲѰҲӦѲԼѽѲ߽ˣҲӦ˹
ڣһûǳĴѧԺ˵ȫܹˣʲôģϷǰæ
ǶĴѧԺ֮Ĺϵˣ˵ǵжԵĴڣνͬԩңѧԺѧԺ⣬ѧԺͻѧԺƴ
ĴѧԺĹϵ¹ѧԺһҶ¹ѧԺһҶѧԺ뽫ͬʱѧԺ֮䣬Ҳﰵ£ˣͷ·ΪĴѧԺ֮һִͳֻҪѧԺģѧϰڼ䣬ͲܶѧԺ˿ֵҲС
ȻĴѧԺ֮Ķѧڶڼ䣬ǱҵˣֶĹϵҲͽˣԼ֮˽˶ԹǲܣԳΪѵģû˻ȥ
ĴѧԺ˵ǳǣв½˲ţӢıѡ֮أѧǱҵ֮󣬿Է䵽ͬŹΪܳѧͻѡ񣬵һ֣ѧԺѧʦһ֣ǼǳȨһطǸطܲ˵ģǾǾӣӣҲв½ıɡ֪еǿߣǿһôĵز
ڣĴѧԺ˶ˣǲȫԸյģҲһ¹ѧԺѲֵģӦǴĳõϢѲֵĵֳ¹ѧԺѧʦٺõ¹ѧԺԺ֮һ߳壬ʹ¹ѧԺӲܣҪ֡
տˣÿһ϶ŲͬƷÿһƷǳǵһΪ½鱨ԱΪģȻһ۾ϳЩ˵ݡ
ܺáû뵽ǳĴѧԺ˶ˡǽ죬ҾǺú档
¹ѧԺͷģѧһʦʦĸѧҲǵһվģ˵գҲ̫˰ɡɲǶ½ǿвҲû֮صġ
˵ϻȱ
¹ѧԺ
û˵㻹ûʸ񡣹ȥ
㡭
ֳ˵С磬¡
ʦǰġ
¹ѧԺʦȴǵֳѧڵֳǰȻǿȻ¹ѧԺ˸һͼգȻȻģѾ϶ղֵѪշųģƣѲ֣¹ѧԺǳǡ
ҶԸ˵ˣѵѧܶԸȫ¡
¹ѧԺĸѧ͵ģҲԤӢӣΪղ̫֣ζûҲͲɳӢˡ
ĸѧֳ֪ݣûκһ˸ҷġ
ʱ˵ֳȻʦǶˣǾǰְɡ
ѧ㣬첻ӦûѧԺô
һѧʵ
飬ԭ˼ǵֳ飬ͬʱҲ¹ѧԺ͵ѧеر¹ѧԺҲֻһˣڶڼģֹҲ˵ʵϰ˼Ϊ¹ѧԺǶģˮƽŲϣɷ¹ѧԺûκһѧҸоǰ෴ʮ𾴣ĴڣѾǱǿˣ
ⲻѧԺ𡣶ˣѧԺôҲˣ
⻹𣬿϶֪Ѳִƻġѧ㣬㿴ˮǱ飬˾һˣȡ˸Ů˵֣Ʋ
Сٷϻ˼Ҳ˳۾ʵϳԽ˼ң¸µĴ䣬ѧԺͷơ
ëѧԺǿ߶ǣ¸µĴ䣬ǰ׶ȥ
˵ЩˣȱȥˮǴк
˼ûǱߣֱӳѧԺȥϴЦݣѧԺ֮Ķ·ûϣϣ˼ѾΥ¹ѧԺУ棬ȴû˵
ѧԺˣĸ꣬һŮŮ˵˼С£һߵģô죿
ˮµһ£ȫɢϢһԪߣһ£˶˵ˮѧԺͷƣͷƲǵһ˼ֻ˵ͷ֮һˡ
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ˮǰǰ˼˼˵ˮ˵ҲǷģҪߣǰ첻
˼ЦһҲǵһʶˮˣǸʲôԸ˼
һӶ
Ըӣ¹ѧԺӡ
Ҫ𣬴ڶѧԺҵˣǿԳΪѵġ
ܸΪѣˮµҡ¹ѧԺˣҿϡ
С£⻰˵ĲˡѧԺľӢѧҲǳǵľӢ˵Ǳ߶Ѿˣȱҵ֮󣬸һξĿ϶ѧԺѧʱǶսѣûҪЩͰѹϵ㽩ˡ
ˮ¶˼Ļǲм˵֪£˵˼ûˣƾԼʵҪκ˰˵û
ӵ飬һ¶һûɽûʵ岻ϻҲ̫ˡ
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ǾͶлˣǳԷ
Ӧģ㲻ҪлκˣΪв½ûܵһл
˼ѧԺˣ˵ҲһҸӣ
ѧԺȫ˼һʦŮ˵С̣ʱѧԺҲһǸӣǸ¹ѧԺӡ
䣬ŮʦߵһԣһֻĶһѶţ֮˵渱Ժ߿²ö֡
洫һϵǱը˵Ǹʲôʲôвö֣һһдۣƻ¹ѧԺж
Ժǲָʾ˼أ˵һӣǲҪѵǲ¹ѧԺ޼ѧԺѧԺˣûһġ
ʲô˼첻Ӧ¹ѧԺôѲ֣
Ҳ֪ѽӣӦòҪϰŶԡ
ԥһ£˵Ǿͱ¹ѧԺˡҿ˼ܵκ˺ܵ˺ǼҲѧԺˡ
ǣ֪ôˡ
ˮǱߣŮʵС£Ĳ𣿡
֣û˼ĻҪ㶯ӣ˭Ҳ˵ǣŲţʱ޼Ѿ֪ͨѧԺѧԺһµѾƻ¹ѧԺжˣǾһ˼
⵹ǣǶҪ֪ͨѧԺҲ֪ʲôг¹ǳǱˣҲҪ˼ȫҪ˵ˣǳǶģ
˵ھ;ɣ


1935 
˭˵Ļ־䴫˳ӷĶС
ǳǶˣҲҪסŮ˵ȫ˵ʲô˵˼һлҪҪУҲ͵в½ȥ޾ĺ˵һв½͵Ĵ½֮һˣ֮һĵأȥȡһСѾͷǸôĽɫǳһôĴڡ
νĹ¶ӷ˭ҪԼ˽⣬¶޸ĸûκˣԼĶ֪Լһ֪ǹ¶ڵǣ˼ǹ¶ĻǳǶҪһ˵ѽЩ߰ޱȵļһˮ֣˼ʱԵĺǲԱ治֪˼ϣʲôرġ
Ȼ˼ôر𣬳ӷڵĿ겻գӷ֮ˣӷ綥뾡һа취þһֶȥɱΪá
֮ǰӷ籾ЩյˣȥһΣģڿûʲôˣ˼һ仰ĴѧԺˣûһҶģҲӷһע⣬עǡ
ҪһˣҾΣյУһòȥԸǸա
⣬ҲҪ׼ʱģӷĿգĿҪȥΧգӷͿʩķһһмԼԼΪԼ
ռĴѧԺһҲѾע⵽˼ڲͬˣͲᣬ˵мʲôյֶΡ
ˣرˣǼ£ҲҪʲôʲôϲС
ض½ҸǶ½һݴĻҵġ
һ˵յĶһˣڳôˣû
յһ֪ڳȻһԼ󲻵ǿߣǿߵڶûг֣ԼҲûзĴڣڰ֮ˣѣǶԼ˵Ǽĺ£ǵ˵Ļ鷳ʹˡ
ڲѲָĴѧԺˣЩһһϣҲὫǷġǰ˵˶ԼɱԼ뵥ֳǶָԼУ˵ϸ£Ҫˣˡ
ղ˵ҲȫϢҲѾջأʹĵֳǲ⣡
вҲΪս߾硣
ֳеľ޳ʱ׼ţǰ˼󣬾ȫ˵ߡ
ţڳһرˣҲѾ⵽˰ɣ
ٴղû˵ֻ˫۳Χɨһ£ûпȥ˵ˣΪ֪ȻԷԼͱҵ
յ˫ɨһȦֱ䵽˼ϣͱʾ˰֮˵˼
ܺã۲ǳϸң½Ϊ̽鱨б̽鱨΢ࣻб񣬾΢ࡣ
ղûжһ£ԭеƣҲҡ
ʲô˼һѵͲǶ½ģߣв½ǳǣΪִж½ǰ˽£
ʱյ˫գ£˵ĳӷ˹
˰죬ԭղ̽鱨ģΪ˽¶Ⲣǳӷġ
ΪʲôҪߣе鷳ҲˣĴѧԺȫˣҪɱĻǾͻǿ½һ֮ͶסȻа취ⳡΣһԼɵΣǾǣǸСѾͷ£вǳǵļһ
ӷ绰Ѿ˵ˣҪٶ˵ʲô֪ô
ڣӷ͵ڰˣҲɵϣΪһڰеǿ˵仰͵Լսѣ
ֳղŵһͷڸʲô˽
ţҿˡС̣ȵǱȥ
ֳ䣬û뵽վȻʱˣĿ꣬ѲֵľֳҲǾжӵκˣǶ˼
վλãһͷӦ˹ֱӳ˵Լ˼ȥ˵ȻһС̣ģ

ֳеľ޳һӣҪ˼ո赲յٶȴʮ֮죬ֳûļֹ
ãС£ǼһҪ˼֡
ϣֹ
ѧԺˮˣһʱ˼һֵı
¹ѧԺﾪ治СѽϸҶ֣С̡
ǣ
ʱѧԺҲȫͷغ죬Ǽһ˵˼Ȼ鷳ʹˡ
޼ѧԺˣҲȫ˹ȥ
ʱ֮䣬Ѳ֣ˣȫˣٴŬյΪ֮ϣͻȻֵģЩ˵ʵ˵Ͳֹˡ
գ֮䣬Ѿ˼ǰһֱֻ֣Ӿס˼Ĳӡ
Ѿͷģʵһ㡣
գϷ
ѲֵֶβǺܸôһСѾͷ𣿡
գҾ㣬һ£ұ֤㲻û뿪ǳǣв½Ƕ½ģĽɱɵ¡
ģĽҲ°ϵţĴβĴ½в½Ĵ½м䣬ΪĴ½֮أȻ˵˴󻰡
˵գұΪӲӣû뵽Ȼֱɵ顣
ɣ˵ɣЩһҲ̫Ц˰ɡ
ѽֶΣձмõģղǸ˵ûԼɱĻ뿪ǳǡȻˣǾʹɷɡ
ֳϷ֪ʲôˣȻʣǲǷˣ
ҹʲôˣֲв½ˣɱ˭˭ʣһ
ֳ˵ߣҪ˺
ˣֻ¡죬ҵ黹ûꡣ
㵽ô
Ѳ֣աѾͷҲֻҪĴѧԺ˲Ҿܱ֤ѾͷİȫЩˣȫһԣȫʰ
ջǲƺĲץ˼̾ǳǣҲǳӷĿģΣԼٳְȴץ˲ߣҪѲֺȥڳӷļƻͺܲˣ


1936 γ֣ˮ¼ս
ѧԺʱѧԺ޼ѧԺѧԺƻ¹ѧԺжģҲ¹ѧԺԺ֮ǰݺݶһӡû뵽һ˼ȻԺˣȫһѲֵˣҲȫԺվһǾͷ·Ϊһ壬ûֻ֣֮뽫˼
Юס˼ûκεη壬ԼĲӱţҲûκεĺ£һܲں̬֮˵ʵҪ뿪ǳǱǼѵ飬ΪʲôҪԼ鷳أ
մЦȻѾǳˣҲûҪ뿪˾˭˶Բҵ飬ҲҪÿѾͷģҸûҪ˺㣬ֻǷһǳرĴڣץס㣬ЩһҲͲϻˡ
ӲӣҳϣǳǣδҳһˣҲǴ֮šҿɣ飬͵ûԼǳǣҿҵͷ֤ٶôԽǾӣΪв½Ч
ԼΪʣΪ˷²ûһ㺦£ʱȰգ˼治Ǹ򵥵ĽɫȻڳӷǰԵĺܲʱ̣ȴֳܱһ쵼ߵӣ˼ֻ֮ڣûмҰˡ
㶼ѾΪҵˣȻҸ˵ĻǲǴͽ飬ǲмɵġҪͶв½ǲܵ顣
˸־㲻в½Ҳǿ㡣Ҳ뿴һúɥǳǡڿвǣ뿪ֻҪǳǣû˸Ҷ㡣
Ѿͷڻ֪в½ʲôݡһ仰ǳǶҶңѵǳһε䣿
䣿һûǸʸֻǳȱһ˶ˡ
˶ǳǣûгֹ̫𺳴½Ľɫǣǡ
ջδ䣬Ϊ֮һֻеһǿǵضֱӾѹ
ĺã
ս˼ԱһˣȻ˾ԿĳǿߣȻˣԼҲûҪһСѾͷˡ
УһֱӳѲֵϿգչֳһĻĻֱӾѲ֣γһǿĽ硣
Σ
󾪣û뵽ε飬Լ¹ѧԺĽ̵ζԳˡȻҲӵϢ֪Юס˼ִڣǲ׳ֵġ
Σ֣
˼ҪȥֹԸȥֹѾ̫ˣֱֳӽ˵˺ˣС̡
ǣʦ
Ǽȫҹˡ
ˮ²мѧԺģΪʲôҪġ
ˮ£֡ҲҪС̳£˵ǼԺԺѸϵ
ˮߵŮ˵С£˵ûڻǱ˼ҪԷѾ֪˼Ҫԣ¹ѧԺˣҲһҪ׼ᣬٴץ˼ġ
ˮºǲˬڣҲûѡ
ǺãǼȥԸǸա
ˮҲѾˣֻѧԺѧȴǳһеٮٮߣĴ½ĹأֻҪǹϵٮٮߣоԵʸ񣬸κһǰǿ߲ս
գû뿪ǳǡ
һƳ£ֱյͷ
տɲΪԷʲô¹ѧԺξͺ£˵һΣԺˣǴ򲻹Ҳһüͷġ
¹ѧԺΡˡ
ٷϻѲֵ£¹ѧԺֵģʹڣЮ¹ѧԺѧ
˵Щûõģʲô£óɡ
һ֮ѵǳʲô粨ɡ磬С
¡¡
ǿֱӽڵĵطըһӣյٶȷǳ֮죬գ֮䣬Ѿ˿
磬ϡ
ǰһɫֱӽյС档
ϡ
Ҳһ磬ӵǿ߶ԾУˮ£Ҳ֪ʲôλ˹
ˮ£лᣡ
ոҪϣԼĽ£һıʹԼһҲˡ
СӣԪءֱǲ
ջһѲֵĵ涼ѺۣЩסŵıҲֱӱˡ
ˮ¿ɲɵʲôսһľ룬һıȥ
ɱ
ৣৣৡ
ˮµĹԵĺɣνеѧԺѧȻҸնԿҲһûٴζ֡
ѧԺˮ£ʵ
Ρ
ܺáǴԪأıҲֻܶһ룬̤棬ʱܽĶᡣ
֪Ҫҡ
Сӣһ䣬˽㲻뱻ĴԪ˵Ļڣ̣ѩȥȻ£


1937 һ
ˮµ˺⣬ֺʹѲֶʱһı˶̤أһּȺϢӷδо˺Ϣڵ磬Ǿڤ綼δйռռ䣬ҲûϢ
ѹֲ˵ֻһضĻ£һȫµԪأԪأռռ䶼ûֺ֮أʣôԪأ
Ϊ¹ѧԺΣˮµֺϢ΢һ£
òϣԪصһУûӵǿĺˮСӣԺγ״̬Ϊֲĺ֮һκˣκʣһѹѧԺὫˮµһѧӦѡ¹ѧԺ
ˮµʵ˵ֻҪ¹ѧԺ¹ѧԺգһֱӽΪӢѧΪǿ༶ֵǣǳǣ˭֪¹ѧԺõģˮ£ȴѡѧԺ⵽Ϊʲô
¹ѧԺĽ̵ΣȻ֪ҵıѩ
βɵһЦ˵ıѩѧԺΪ֮һҲ˵ֻʱ䣬Ѿȫ˱ʮ궼򲻳Դ¹ѧԺҲûѧǱˮ£¹ѧԺĻҿκţ룬㿴ô
¹ѧԺҴûڹˡȻǰѡѧԺǾǶ¹ѧԺıӡ
ӣ
¹ѧԺôʲô飬ˮ˵ıأ
̾˿˵֪кݣȥ鶼Ѿȥˡ㸸Ϊ¹ѧԺѧɡ
죡Ҹ׸¹ѧԺһϵûУ˵Ҹװ仵Ȼҽĵˣ㡣
ӣ֪ˮΪʲôѡѧԺǶһ˵ĶԹˣ
ãȻ㲻¹ѧԺҲö˵ʲôգܶԸġ¡
ˮ᲻֪ԼͲܻյĶ֣˼һУܽԼɱɼȻѾվˣˮҲ˺벽ġ
ҵ飬¹ѧԺ˵ġգڣĶҡ
տˮ£ɵĴЦһ˵ԭˮĶӡ
ˮ죬ҲղҪ˵ȴû˵Ǹˣˮµĸף¹ѧԺѧҲΪӢѧ֮һڵ꣬һ飬ˮµĸױ¹ѧԺҲΪˣˮԴ¹ڻˮ»̥ʱӢˡˮ֮Բѡǿ¹ѧԺѡѧԺΪ׵Ĺϵ
ֻҪ˵ĵطжԹ仰˵һ㶼ûʲôطһġ
֪Ҹף
֪һʶ
ⲻܡ
ˮ½֮䣬ȫǵжԣԼĸΪв½ˣôܻʶ½ա
˵Ҹôܻʶ㡣
սһգ˵һ֮ĶԹԹСûκιϵ쿴㸸׵ϣҲ㡣°ɡ
ٸһף㲻֣Ҷ֡
ˮֵĺǿһֻ־𣬴󺰵ѩ¡
ͻأѲֵϿգһƣУ񱩵ķѩֱӿ
տҡͷ˵СӣһðɣǾҿˮĶӣûи
յһǿӿ𣬵ϣͻȻʮЩոΧ
ʱˮ¸뷢ڶεıѩʱͻȻѲ⣬һǿ˽ˣȫһ㶡
磬ʲôϽ
Ҳ벻Լ¹ѧԺˣһֱӽˮµıѩˣҲ̽Χĵӣֱӳ˹ȥ
üһǳ¹ѧԺҲ͵Ϯ
Ҷ¹ѧԺ͵ϮֶΣǴм
ʱȻգԷһֵһǳ֮ˣѾһ磬չȥ
Ԫء¹ѧԺΣҶ
յһʱѾ³˴˭¹ѧԺ̵Σһһˣ͵Ϯе˼
ղûκΰգҶһֵҲѾãֵסǾֱһ֮ٸһˣܾˡ
¥ĳӷ͵Ϯգ˵ԼĻˣڲ֣ѵǿϷ
ৡ
ֻһ׹⣬γһ¥͵Ϯ֮˹ȥ
¹ѧԺĸȻ׹ֱҪһУǾ鷳ˡ
֮ɡ
ӷ绽֮ɣһ˳ȥʱȻѪԪأǸĴѧԺˣԼҪҵĿꡣ
ž顣
Ҷһһˣڣȫ¥ȥ
ʲôˣҹ


1938 еͶ
¹ѧԺĸҶǸԪߣһѲΧȫۼγһУû˿ƫƵģ¥˹ȥ
˵˫ۣʱȫ˴¥ֻ֮һ꣬һдɫ乭׼棬ûκεĶɵҶķоʮ׵ľʱ乭ųǿҵİ׹⣬һ׹˳Ҷķ
顭
˫ײһ޴ıը漸ˣȫȥ񵥾ֳǼ۷ǿ֮⡣
ӷڣȴһС棬׼ȷ˵ӦһӣС͵ӣӷΧܳǿ󣬶ӷСֵ
˼жӣ̫Լ۾СӣԼץôܵ¥ȥˣңղŵһɲͨģȻԸ¹ѧԺĸƥУɾǸǿ
ʲôˣ
ֳΪѲֵĵһ֣˽ԼѲ֣Ȼ֪ⱾͲǼ֮£϶ԷȻԸҶԿ˵ԷΪҶ֮¡
˵һϡ
ʲô
˼Ҳ˵ղ̽ˣȷǸϡ
ǵ˵ʲôǸˣǲʶ
ֳǸմӳץģв½ˡҲѾй̽ӣһû˿Ϊϡ
˵ĻõֳøûӣȻǿˣ
һϣܸ¹ѧԺĸζԿֵܵҶһУڸҿЦ𣡡
ǿЦĻЦͿ̫˵㡣
ѽô
ʱӷѾӴ¥֮£һѾ֤Ǹϣ෴ϣ֪Ҫ߳ٱ
ǰĳӷ磬еİ֮һգ˫ۣ˵ɨһ¡
ʲôطӵŶǿߣӷҲǾִսĽɫǻԵĴսԣֳϣӷͲ
տվԼǰ꣬ôǸϹΪȻԵֵҶһУ֪ˣز¶ѽ
ӷû㽫Լص̫ͲܴκһĺģܣҲҪõʱȥƻȻˣǺβֱӵ㣬еʱâ¶ҲľǼ¡
ղţ˵
ʵ
ǡ
ΪʲôҪң
ֻ뿪ѣû뵽Ը񡭡
뿪ѵ
㵽ʲôˣ
ӷЦһ˵ʲôˣҾʲôˡ
⻰Ѿˣֲɵϣ᲻ס

Ƕ½ˣ
ݲ˶١
Ϊ
ǰɡ
û㡣
½ˣ㶼
ӷһʣջ治֪˵ʲô
ȷһеٮٮߣҲʶⷽеˡңˣǸ¹ģݣͲӦ͸¶ͷ̫󣬲ܵʲôطʶģ㣬ӷҲģعҪԼݣ˵ʲô㶼òţΪڰ㣬ǳǣв½ҲκεĻɣȥҵݡ
в½ִʲô񣿡
ձִģΪ˽¶ģȻԼ½ˣΪģȻҪ
ӷɲɵʲôȥ˵նϷΪΪعҪԼݱܣͬʱԼĹݻҪ߱ԡ
һͬһģãһ𣿡
һʣղö˵ʲôˡ
ˣǵ˲֣࣬ǿ뿪ġ
ղɵĿЦһ˵Ѿ̫˰ɡ
̫ˣ
ӷһЦѽڻ̫ˣղŲߣҪߣ߲ˣ
ӷҪ뿪ҲǼ£ûʲôˣӷҲûҪ뿪ǳǣνѼ飬ҪճΪԼˣǾͱһʮּѵ£ȥһ塣
ֻѲ⣬УнŲװиָ
ǳˣѾˡ
ʱ֮䣬Ѳ֣Χǧˡ
ţѾΧˣϽеͶ֮ء
Ѳ֣Ȼ֪֮ǰֻɢȺûȥֹգΪһոԼ
ڲͬˣղЮס˼£ѾǱߣ˼Ҳԣǳǣв½һǳҪĽɫǳǵг¹ǳǱˣҲҪ˼ȫЮ˼ʣܲŭ
ھҺҪɱǳǣҲǳ˵ˡҿͶɡ
ӷ罨Ͷɲ뵱ķ²ǳǣԼ˵ԼǶ½ˣһɱǳǣɱв½ȥ˶½ǳӷ粻ʯͷԼĽ𣬶½ܻʶԼԼĻԣһ¾ҪҴˡ
в½ǳǣл
Ȼӷ֮޿֣һԭǾǣռģɲԼһˣľأ̣裬ȫˣʲôطԼ֪Լǲµģһ֪ԼǳǣϸϹ̸ľǼһӷͲұ֤ˣ
úǰǾͶɣ


1939 
ǿߣͨǧǸͲ˵ϣ̼䣬ȫɱԲͨǧʮǿľӣǾǿɱΧҲܾ˵ɱռ˿ıˡ
ԻԿһеĳȥɾɵϵΪˣǿߣΪˣΪǿߣǿߵżƶ޷̤롣
ղǱǳȫۼ棬ѲֶΧԼӲҪɱȥĻǾܽ㶨֮ĴѧԺӵһƾһٸգҲֻ·һ
ڳӷ磬Ǿ͸ᷴˣӷĿģһʩֶΣȥշգû̫ΣʣӷʲôȥʩȽɫһΣһӶͳͳ
ץɣҪץץɣҪץңҪԼжص̷ԼĻˡ
վԭһҲҲѾȫ˽ͷģһͷ׷ߣӦŵҪԱܴǧŵ
ʱ֮䣬ӷ˾ͱΧǧ֮ڣÿһ˶ȫװģÿһ˵ﶼǹ񵶵
һĻˣԱ߳ܿ죬ѾոӷƷˣϣϰٵķɳɳϻҪǹе֮һܼܵս㡣
û뵽ֻЮһ˼Ͱô˼Ǹֵ׽ѾͷӷڵĿ겻Ҳȥ顣
Сģ
ͷ׷ߺǽһֱӴ󺰡
ֳ˼ǰ˵ƳģСû¡
Ƴͷ׷ߣŵһƳڻ֪ʲôʲôţ֮ӦòǸСɫ
ѲֳǲǲˡгС̰Ѳ֣ΪͶ¹ѧԺͬʱúĥһ£㣬Σ
ƳεҵĴûпȫŲСܵ˺ġԸκδ
˼˵ֳܵ¡ԼʵŻᱻЮֵġƳҲ˵ֳˣѾˣϾԵˣʮǿ
Ƴǰ˼˼ûˣ˿
Уܰ㰲Ѳˡһȥг˵һȥӡ
ӣƳҿûǸʸ񣡻ǴѲְɡ
ʸг˵ʸС˵ˣ֪ͨг
ҪĻɴѧԺ
˼˹ִƳҲö˵ʲô
ȻӲҪѲ֣ԺһξͿˣЩΣյĹҪ˵£Щ˿û
ƳҷǳлʮչˣɼȻҪĥңĥĹȻΣյġҿɲĻ䡣
ֳ˵ƳС̵ԸǶڻȲ˵ЩˡոһͻȻֵСӣȫǶ½̽ӣ㿴ôǰɡ
ôã
Ƴתգֿһ۳ӷ磬˵½ûûһëͷСв½
ǰ쵼СǸմӳץģеر𡣡
رʲôرģ
鲻˿ԭ϶ǸϡɸղţȻһַǳֵ乭¹ѧԺĸҶԹԵ˿
Ŷ¡Ҷڡ
Ƴ⡣
˵ǲģСӣԹ
ҶҲһ۳ӷ磬ǲˬղһԹôǰӡ
ңǡ
Ƴһ£֪Ҷһôˣ˽Ǳضû˶Ƕ½̽ӣǵá
ҿɣȻ˶Ѿûˣв½ҲǶ½˵ʲôлǵţҲиõطʵš
ߺߣ
ӷ粻ɵߣƳҲǲˬʵСӣߵƨѽ
ӷ˵Ҫ˵ǲǲܾˡǽһҪɱһ·ĻЩˣҲֹ˰ɡ
ЦСֵܣǡ
Сӣͦŵġҵ뿴Ǹʲôɫ
¡һƳڱһǿȫչֳǿҵ⡣
ӷ粻ɵһϲƳǸԪߡڹԪأԼ֪ģΪԼǰǹԪء
ӷͬһûбԪѪԪأʱ򱬷ģֻͨˣͨȴƳһ˫ͬʱ
ϼһ湻ǿģ
ӷţûжԪҲûѪôһӷֻоԼѪҺڣǿԵĽѪҺѹסѪͲֱӳˡ
ǿǳӷǰĹԪ
ƳҲǴΪԾԳӷͲӵôǿûڳӷϸоκεԪֻԴˡ
϶죬죡
죬ǿˣǳӷ͵ǿҲ٣١
û뵽һûԪصСӣȻܵ졣Сˡ
˵ûʵǲܾˡ
ܺãȻзʵҲ̫ῴǡ磬Ҷҿͽ¹ѧԺĿ󳡣һӵĿɡ
Ҷ˵ţǸõطҿԱֻ֤Ҫ¹ѧԺĿ󳡣ǾͲܡ
ȻˣǾʹ߰ɣһгӦµġ
ӷʲô󳡵ģӦǸĵطǵطӦû
գӣǻΪūˡ
û£бµĻһӣû£ҲֻȥһȦˡ
գ֪ǿ¹ѧԺĿ󳡣УҪֲĶ࣬͸Сӣһɡ

˵ĵطӷ绹е㵣ģɼȻǵǳӷͲΪӷһĵ


1940 Ů
ȻѡеͶٷǳӷȻ˵㻰ģʲô¹ѧԺ˽Լ˴ȥʲôطһ·ߡ
֮ǰջһݻ⻰ǶѲ˵ġ
ʵ£ϣʱ׼Ϊһʱǵġ
ѽνʵָģǸˣ߸СʵָģһӴֹ
ս첻ٶ֣ΪǳѾˣٴȥǳԿľԼҪһ֮֮Կǳǣв½ջûŵֵز
ֳ˵ѲʱС
¹ѧԺ˽ӷ˴ߣѧԺҲܴǻҪظԵѧԺˣûƻ¹ѧԺ񣬿תۣκ˶벻ġ
˼Ѿ˴Ѳֵĳӷ磬ʵֳһˣҪôֶΣڸ̽£е
ֳ˵ǰҪֻҪΪ֮̽˸߳ȼϾװ쵽ɾôķչĴ½Ѿ˸ֽÿһŲͬãϣǿǿߣ̫Щ߿Ƽ̽£
ѵûһرĴ𣿡
ûйԺгǵǿĽɫڸ߿Ƽǰεġ
˼ûٶʲôȴһֵ뷨
һգǲһԼĵˣЮֹԼɶˣ˼
ڳӷ磬һʮĴˣ¹ѧԺԺǳг첻飬ȴ׵İ쵽˵ϣʲôܣ˵Ƕ½ˣǲǸĬĬ֮Լȴδš
ӷ磬Ҽסˣ
˼֮ǰһ³ӷ֮ģгӷв½ʲôģɳӷȴ˵˵ġ
ˣֳһˡ
ʲôˣ
һг۵ˡ
ۣûֳѾʮˣǳǣû
Ծֳ֪ĸ½û˴ڣ
ҪʵʲôͷˡԿ϶ǣĴ½еУûˡ
ܶ飬ûϵģرڷⷽ棬ҪģǴͷԣϸܵ˼ͷԣ˼ûУֻһͨͷ԰ˣΪŮ˵ĹϵɣŮˣһϸܵģһķ˼Կ϶һ㣬ӷ֮ǰı¼иղŸ֮ĶԻһǼٵģķǼٵģ˼ڻܿ϶
С̣ͻȻһʲô۵ʲô
ŶûʲôֻʡֳҿʱҲˣȻѧԺҲѧԺ˵ġ
Ǻã͸һȥɡ¸¾ÿʮһεԺ䣬ҲǾѡ˲ŵʱһҪúñ֣Ȼ㲻Ҫɡ̡ƾ߱ʲô壬˭
ֳģ¸һúñֵģȡǰʮ֮ڡ
ǰʮ˼˵ȷ̫ûϽˡǳܹǰʮǿߣѾǾӢеľӢˡ
˶ɢȥ󣬾˶ӳһ߳Ѳֵ˼ɫԵеѿ
ϴ°࣬Ǽ
ɢ˰ɣûʲôˡҶҪע㣬ǸǸ˵ĳĵԣΪ̫ǿ̫ࡣ
ףǾȻȥˡ
Ѳ֣ˣȫɢˡȴվԭأһҲû˼ʲôƵġ
죬Ѿˣ󣬾Ǻҹ
վѲֵׯ԰ڣһҲû뿪Уһ£Ĵ½
ͻأһ⣬ѲֵλãĵǳǶû˷֡
˼ˣ̵ȶ˵ݼˡ
һµŮӣվھǰŮķǳãһͷתʱҲչֳһò
ˣв½ûзʲôر£
ûУСºܶࡣ
Ȼû£ǾҪ½֮䣬̫ƽˡĴ½һֱڿв½ǾһսҰɣһĴ½в½սҡ
ǣ֪ôˡպã½䵽ǵǿԽ˵֣һ粨
¾á
ǣˡ
ŮӸתȥͻȻʵˣ¶һʣ
ʲôֱ˵ɣ
µļˣڻ𣿡
ɷģֻҪһΪҰ£ļ˾ͻõõչˡ
ٹǼҸ٣¶´ƽȥ
ŮתԾ˵˵ͷ˵İҽÿһͲòˣ


1941 Ѻ;
֮ĸڳӷʶǱˣԶܻԼѽû뵽죬ӷҲ˻ؽ֮⻹˵һʲôȥһ£
˴ؤ˻ʵۣҲ˴ӻʵؤҲ˼ĵطĶֱ仯ɣ
һѺųǳǣһ·ֵϵ˲û̫⣬ǲмһ˵ӣ鲻ǵһη෴ƽʻʮֿ죬ֻֽͣ˵ǳǵˣΪʲô鲻мȥΪǶѾϰˡ
˳֮󣬳ӷв½ľ壬һҰ⣬еɽ֣һ粻ͬǾǣĴ½в½ϣеһУǳΪģеĻľƫģǳǵλã
Ǻ󣬳ӷձѺϴʻ˰ʱ䣬һ·һӰľУв½һǳǣûĳдˡżҲԵˣЩˣһ֧龭òԵ΢ЦϵˣҲһЦݣӣв½ϵˣǱȽѰģȻֻǶԼ֮ڣǶˣӷǼʶˡ
СֵܣǵĿĵػûô쵽˵˵˾˭
ոӷͬһϣ˻˵ģ˵ǾԵĳӷ̫ˣ
ӷЦһûлشյ⣡
㵱ɵ𣬶֪ʲôˣȻҲ˵ҵĹǸһģǲǸ˵ݸִеҪܣԼ˾ͬҪܣνع¹ߣеһУȫܡ
֪Ļҵ˾Ϳȥҵıˡ
ӷһҲĻᱻʳʲôΪӷǳ˽عⷽ£ĸɹһУǹһ͵ĵӰСʱͿܶࡣ
е˼СӻͦġģȻǶԼˣͬΣУܷʲô£ҵĻᱣġ
û˵ҸԼˣҲûκεΣ㣬Ҫ
½ǱߵֻһЩعܲţ;ԲֻܻһȻع໥֮䣬ȫʶֻҪһعѱˣеعΣա
˵ĺã㻹Ǹعĺ֡ˣ飬Ҳˣղŵļ仰ݣҲûʲôûɵˡ
Ȼղջ̽ӷ磬ɲ׵϶ӷԼˣǳӷԼ
в½ִκģ㣬֮ǰǳѲֵʱҰʱѾͷˡ֪в½ʲôģ
˵ϣ̾˿˵һӵع˵Ѱҵ氮ģŲţ
ӷںˮĻһһˮ
Լˣë
Ҫţڶ½ҲУûҪܵв½
˵ûǶ½ȷкܶŮˣŮˣĴ½ֻһ
ŮˣյҪôŮˣ
Сֵܣղ˵㲢ûгΪǵķ²Ҫȥĵط¹ѧԺĿ󳡣Ҳ˵в½񣬸¹ѧԺйˣ㲻ֱӽ¹ѧԺֻˣղǵľҲִзΧûģ˵ĶԲԣ
ģɳӷȴǣԼĿģֻΪȸһҪʱʩ
ȻոԼ˸ڣԼΪʲôء
Ƕ½ǿ֣ⶼ㿴ˡûҵ񣬾Ҫ¹ѧԺȻֱӽ룬Ǿ취ӱ롣
ʵҵĿģҲһ·ϣҾͿ˵ģЩһûǳ֧Ԯ£û취ǣҪ¹ѧԺõĻᡣ
˵ʲôҲ¹ѧԺģ
ϸ±Ѳֵļһ¶ʧֱǸץˣԽֱȥ¹ѧԺģһ룬ֱȥһҪҵˣǣҾͽƾͼƣֵû뵽ãֱӾͱ͵¹ѧԺĿȥˡ
ҪҵŮˣ¹ѧԺ
û¹ѧԺһǳرĴڡ
㿴ʲôʱܽ¹ѧԺ
Ҫҿһһţ¹ѧԺĹأÿ¶ҪĿʯôв½źܶ󳡣ԴΪḻĿ󳡣¹ѧԺ
ˣҲ˵Ŀ󹤣ÿ£һʯȥ¹ѧԺ
û
ӷ¹ѧԺһȤûУɼȻյĿⲻǸԼõĻʩ
Ŀ꣬ڿʼҲҵĿ꣡
ӷĺܣԼʲôҪԼֲͬĻᡣ
Ѿһ·ˣһ·ӷ綼ڸ죬ӷҲһֱյĻ׵ģȫǹںĴ½оͰ½֮飬ÿ½Ĳͬǿߣ֣


1942 
˴µʱ䣬ӷձѺһֱߣһ·ʱǵʻʱշУٶ֮죬ǵĻѾΧŵתʮȦˡ
һ·ӷҲտ˽⵽½֮ĳޣֻǵˣֵжԵĹϵΪԼ棬еʱҲһ
в½˵в½ԴΪ֮أνԴָģЩʯΪĴ½ҪʯƷģҲÿһԴߵ˷ĶսжԿӷԣΪܵõв½ĿʯЩϡеĿʯв½Ĵ½֮أеʱĴ½֮в½һֱв½δκһռ˿ˣΪҪԭ򣬾¹ѧԺ¹ѧԺǿ󣬲ǿߣһЩ編Դ֮ģĴ½޲ߣεĴսĴ½ûоԵİ֮£Ҳˣʹ½֮䱣˶ƽ
ȻӷҲɵϣֻǷԴĴ½ǿ취ȥƽģô꣬һƽķûУǵֵסӷӸġ˵Ĵ½֮òв½Ҫԭ򣬳¹ѧԺǿ߸ЩԴ֮⣬¹ѧԺһˣ˵ĴڣĴ½ͷʹģˣҲĴ½֮ļɻ䣬Ĵ½ڣκˣ˵Ĵڡˣ¹ѧԺԺ¹ѧԺϻĻ᳤һϹˣȴ¶ģ˵һֱ¹ѧԺĽ½սĹؼʱ̣֡
ӣ֮ǰǸ˼˵в½ΪǿǵԺǾԵģܣĳЩڣ˼ǳΪر޷ȥ£Ҳܣ¹ѧԺϻĻ᳤Ĵ½Ǹɻ䣬в½ԼҲǸļɻ䣡
Ȼžǿߵһ£ģ¹ѧԺĳϻҲˣ֪鱨¹ѧԺϻᣬʮһεԺУŻһϣѡĴѧԺΪͻľӢѧΪŵӣѡеѧͽֱڵѧԺһ壬壬Ҳ˵ǳǵĵѧԺȴʮϡ٣ֱӹгƣҲһʮţɱǡɱǵѧҵ֮󣬶Ϊǳ߲쵼ߣɾ˵ǳɱǵѧֻʮΪҲѾǧˣڣûһܱҵģ֪ǳǶɱǵѧҪ֮ߣһôĵزҲ˵ÿһԺ䶼ѧ¹ѧԺĳϿУΪϾ¹ѧԺĳϣѡȻ¹ѧԺѧ¹ѧԺûǿеģѧԺ͸ˣУڴϻõһ󣬻ҪصĿ飬ܽɱǡ
˵в½ǳǶѧĿطǳͻδ쵼ߣҲѧѡͬЩ쵼ߣʲôг¹ѧԺԺ֮ģǵǰȫɱǵѧ֪˶õĥܳΪһİ
⣬ǳҲмڵģ壬ǷֱǴ¹ѧԺĹżңѧԺĻңʱѧԺĺƼң޼ѧԺĲңһ壬˵ǴһҲ˵ûдΪǸ壬ںܶǰѾˣȻʧˣȴԶǳǵУǸ壬ɱǵĽߣҲǴɱǵġ̼ҡ
󣬳ӷ绹˽⵽Ĵ½ԭֻ½ھ½֮⣬ʮңԶĺУЩԹԵļΪأ֮УĴ½֪ЩʮҲкܶˣͼȥ̽ʮصģ֪Щ϶ЩʲôǲҲ棬ǰȥˣȥ޻صģû֪νʮǴʲôʱġ
ȻȻӷĴ½в½ǾͲӦöȫĺĴ½̽ӣΪв½ǳǣһ޴ķ⣬ԳӷĿǰʵǾ޷ҧģҪһŬѽ
֪УӷѾǰԶһ޴ɽɽϲɽҪʮأӦ¹ѧԺĿˣ
¹ѧԺһҵĿ󳡾˵ľ޴治֪ĴѧԺĿ󳡼һж󣿡
˵ĴѧԺĿ󳡣в½ԴǳĴѧԺģв½ԴͨĴѧԺȥɼģȻŵָĲš
ӣеˡ
δذɡ
ʲô˼
Сֵܣ㻹ֻˣв½鱨˽ĻҸɣʵĴѧԺĿУźܶǿߣ¹ѧԺ
ǿߣкܶǿߣ
ûЩµˣΪùܶ࣬ͱŵ󹤣Ҳһֳͷɣʱ䵽ˣܻصǳǡ˵ǳǵǿȫֲĴѧԺ˵һ֣ŵ˿󳡣ţЩŵ󳡵ǿߣĴ½ĳ޶ǳ˵ν¹ѧԺĿ󳡣н޳¹ѧԺţûѾڿˣ


1943 ɽ
ɽڴһ޴ʯһʯ񣬵ʯأĸ߶ȣֱռݵһɽĴСˣվʯĽ£Ϳʯ̬ӷˣȫǴģڽ֮ǰӷѾʯ񣬾Ȼһӵͷ۵ӣȻǡ
𣡡
ӷе󾪣û뵽ɽڴȻŲĵô£
˵û뵽СӶǳǸ¹ѧԺ鲻̫˽⣬ɽ֪
ɽ
ӷ֪ʲôɽѽһ仰Ϊӷ֪ط
û¹ѧԺĿ󳡣ɽഫɽǵĵһˣٳģԣɽڣĵ񡣡
ɽ¹ѧԺĿ󳡣Ȼǲٳģ⻹̫ɺ˰ɣ
𿪱ٳɽ֪ӵŴĿʯֻΪԼĸ֮ｨһĵˡʱ䣬¹ѧԺǳǣû취Ϊ񣬾ΪϡеĿʯģôǿӵһ磬ֺܶ
ӵһ磬Ϊǿ磬ֺһǿʯɵģĲʲôֿʯԼĵģ
ӣڲ˽⣬ӷ绹ȫҲ˵кУеһУѾ˳ӷ磬ôۣҲˡ
ӷǰߵĽ£ȥһû뵽Լָһʱˮ㣬˼£֮ǸĽϼ̡
ֿʯΪˮʯ˼壬ֿʯıӵһСռ䣬ԵһͻӦΪֿʯѾ̶һ壬СռҲѾرգû˽ȥ
һֿʯȻӵһռ䣬Сռ䣬ԽУռڵĶѽ
ˣұ졣󳡵ĸϾͳˣǽǵĹҲˡ
һ·Ѻӷ˵ļһﶼû˵Ҳ˵ڼȻѾĿĵأǵĹҲˡ
ʵһ·Ѻӷ˵ļһﶼǽţҲѽһӷ˷𷴿ԼЩˣƲǳӷ˵Ķ֡ڣһ·жǿڿţسӷն֪ûģѺĿ֪ӷ˸ûҪǻ󳡣Լ¹ѧԺĻᡣ
һĹ򣬾ͼɽڣһˣÿһ˶ͬƷЩƷԱƷͬȫ¹ѧԺˣǸɽġ
ϵˣָˡ
ѺĸǰһߺȻֻ֪һ£ҲǷǳ˵ǰӭӡ
ʱ˲ٿ󹤣Ŀ漰ʱѽ
ˣģ
һСģһ󲿷ǱɱġҲӦ֪ɱ¹ѧԺΣգÿһˣǶǿߣˣʸûС
ѽ磬ûµĻµĻᶼûУѾ˸ˡ
ΪʲôûѧԺ㱨Ҳöŵ˹ѽ
ͷϵ˿ЦֵطȻԽԽáҲ֪Ĵ½в½ǻ߷˶ˣȫ͵󳡣˳Ƕв½ɲǼѽ
˵ҲԡΣǿǸÿ۹ѽôҲûϵ
Ŷʲôͷ
½̽ӣһ֮һϵһĴ
ʲô½̽ӣ͵ǰûйѽЩˣӦȫͽ𣿡
ΪһЩرΪò͵Ǳߣزסǡ
£ҵҪʶһ£ʲôĽɫˡ
ϵǰųӷգֻĿ˳ӷ缸ۣûɵϵ˿ʱɵһ
ûĻλһǶ½鱨ҪԱհɣ
ϼһû뵽ͦġûҾүү
ʱϵһˣȫΧӷ˸Χסˡ
ȫ¡ȻѾΪ֮ˣǶԴĽɫв½ҲҪеȡ
ϵ˿ƻǸӢ۵ļһûжԳӷʮֿ˵´׹Ҽ֮
ٸ˵ϻڶѾǵĽˣûҪס
ѺӵĴͷ˵ϵˣ˾ͽˡŶˣ¸¾Ժ䣬ҲʮΨһһĿʯ裬ĴѧԺɼĿʯȫҪ͵ȥϣʱ¹ѧԺɲҪѧԺǻѽ
ģȥг¹ѧԺԲѧԺСʯһġ
仰Ҿͷˡˣͽǣǻȥˣ
Ǿ¸¼ˡ
ѺĶѾԭ·أϵǰ˵ݣȻѾܣӦòʱɡҪܣҾԲֹ㣬Ҫˣܻص½Ƕ½˻ô㡣
ģȻѾˣͲܡ
ϵҲе׵ģ֪ȻܣǾҪиܵӣܣֻһĨһ۵㣬ҪˣҲҪȰѳһֻᣬûˡ
ǿߣĵ£ͻվҲŵġ㻹ûվĻᣬҾͲұ֤ˣΪɽǿߺܶ࣬ܰȫܣҲֹȥһĳӡ
ǳҲмýɫѾ˵ˣھͱ˵ģȴǲιһ£½һ󳡰ɡ
λǿ󳡣ǻǶöǿߵ𾴡
˶٣ϵ˸ߺˣ֪ͨȥڿƣӭԶĹ͡
ղŻǽתۼͱ˹ֱͣ仯óӷеܲˡ
˵СֵܣȻ󣬿ֶλԡӭӷܵǿߵ磬ֻҪǿߣ³Ϊ˽Ҳõ˵ءųĻһϣҲƲġ
ӷЦһǿߵС¡ʮǿңӣǿ߳ܵõ֮⣬ͬʱҪٲϵս
ûֻҪȫſ£ƬС£˵㡣¹ѧԺǿ߹û˶ҷֺ


1944 еѪ
ɽһ֣ɽΪﳣ궼֮£еƴûɢȥҲδ˿ɽͬһﲻпʯһʮ۹֮أΪĿ󹤣һ£Ǳģö֮ЩʬĸãҲһ˶ĵĳζΪЩʬĸãʹɽ˺ܶо綾ֲǣߣӦоС
ԱɽһûκƶȿԵģɱɱʱܼ飬ǿǾʸ񣬿ǸߣƸսﲻһ죬ʬ壬Ҳ
ΪǳΪĳͷ󳡶ǳǵ˵һܶ෸˴ˣѡɱԸ󳡣͸˵ǼˣȽϣֱõĴڡ
ϵ˵Ĵ£ӷѾ˿󳡣ɽս󳡣գȴӷһʮϤĸоΪﲻǲǰٳģҲһΪаĵطаϢаϢڳӷ˵һֲƷⲻôۣǰʿͬʱѪԪأҲҪϢѪĽ壬˵ˣһаĴڡ
ھһֳɽʱӷն̧ͷɽȵұϣվˣЩˣȫֻӣû·ģÿһ˵ŲɿҪĹߣߵұϣŵ㲻ͬɫĹâЩˣȫڲɼʯģɼ˵ÿһ󹤶ֹͣĹһ˫˫ȫӷտȥ
ӣˣȫǶˡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦǼˣһԳô࣬ӷ绹ǵһμ
ϵ˵ж˹ȣɽУĵطкܶࡣĿҲǷֹҲϸģôˣɼôĿʯ
ŶѵǸߵ֮𣿡
˵ҪУΪʯҲΪ˺ܶЩ߼Ŀʯڲ
ϵ˵û˹ȵĿʯΪͨģԷĿҲġԽɽߣʯԽ߼Ҳ˵ǿߣȫɽ
ӷʵ㽫ʲôط
СӣȻв½ĵжԣҸղžѾ˵ˣǿߣӦõõ˵ءǿߣͱõеأҲմĹɣյǿ󳡣Ҫκ£ϣͻһӭʽǲμӡ
ӭʽ
ӷ粻ɵһЦû뵽ط˻ͦģʵҪⳡӭʽʼ֪֮
ӣпڷˡ
ղмСֵܣˣ˵ģʽνʽֻһֹ°ˣ˵һ㣬ˣҪǵɫ
ϵ˵ǸøһܲܽܣǾҪǵıˡ
֮ûнܵı£Ƕ½ˣǽ󳡣Ҳǵڣ
һʣóӷ粻ɵһʲôӭʽһϷνʽʼͬʱҲٵʱܹܲأһоȫƾԼıˡ
ڣǵǶǳӷֻҲǼֲֵˣԼɱ˻𣬼˻𣬼ǿҲˣʲôֶΣͳͳʹɣǿӲģܴյģԼͿԳֿʼʩˣ
ͬʱɽһƬɫأķλǳеһͳеĴС
صĶϷһ޴ɽ壬ɽ֮վˣˣһǴͷģվǰ档˶ɽϣҲˣ˫һֱλãĴͷˣԵʮַּǳġ
ˣҷ䵽ѾˣҲѾȴˣӾǰܣ˶Է֮⣬в½ûе֪
һĴͷ˿صλãλãѾͷųһ˿˿ĺڹ⣬ϣҲð˱ƽݡ
磬Ϊⶫֵܸ󳡴꣬Ϊľǽ죬ԣʱܷʲô£ֵܶǰ棬һʱȥǶᵽ֡
ͷЦֻҪǵֵԪʮУʮ֮ڣұɵ֡
ڶɽϣԪĴͷ˵ϾҪˣս޼ǶƴᡣʮУֻҪֵʮУҶ֡
ϴģΪⶫǵȴ꣬Ҳᵽֻ֡ϴҵĳ˫֮⣬ᣬϾⶫǲѽ
Ԫ˵ֹǲⶫǵһѪʱ䣬ǵѪѾΪһѪӣѪӳ£ܴȵԪڡҲõģѪӵ飬Ҹս޼֮⣬û֪Ҳᡣ
ϴѪӻжòŻ
Ԫʱ䣬˵ˣʮ֮ڣ
ʮ죿ʮһȵԺҲֻʣʮʱˣǸս޼ǶǱ¹ѧԺŵģʱǲҪȥ
ţǰҸս޼ͬʱܣ˱Լ´󳡣ΪģѪӣ˵Ǳ¹ѧԺŵġ겻һս޼ɣ¹ѧԺǱ˿Сɫβ˫ķܻȥҲΪڶɡ
ʱɽ֮ϻһ⣬ս޼ɸԪͬʱ̧ͷȥ˵ϵ˷ǿ󳡷ʲô¡
磬ҪҪȥս޼ɵʵ
أȻأȥĻϵ˻ɵģطҲûпʯ
ս޼ɸԪλһۣȻȥȥ֮صλãһѿѿӵ㣬ڲƶţ漴ѿٵΪһѪɫ


1945 µս
Ƶܲ£ɽһԲεȣȵ棬һҶҶУסľĿ󹤣еĿ󹤣Ů٣ǶǿߣƫѷɫߣͳͳסЩҶ㣬Ŀ˵Ҳǧˡ
ϵ˽ӷ˴ʱһĻѾȼ𣬽
֮£Ǽ׵ģȴһ̶ð̶ˮ滺У΢ĶأҵĶأɼ̶֮£һɽڣĿ󹤣ȫסڻɽ֮ϣȴһ˸еµģҲûŻڵĸоɼӦɽֻҪ̫սɽͲᱬÿһˣҲɵϣ˵ʵɵϣûʸģΪɵϣôȥ֪ǸͲطս
Ϊ֮ǰǵ⣬ǿϵһϵ˲ǿ󳡵ĸˣͬʱҲ¹ѧԺˣרŸ󳡵ġ
˱ϵ˾ۼ֮Ҳ˵һĹѾ˽ˣ˶һݹһʮرĹ
飬Ѿʮû˰ɣ
ܶѾϵ󳡹˼꣬飬ǺٷģһʮŷһΣÿη飬Ҳ˵˾ţǿߣϵ˲ŻὫ˸ټһӭ˵ʽͬʱҲǶ˵һءȻأɲ˶ʸõġ
ģӦ÷ǳǿƽƣ˶ˣս޼ɸԪҲ֪ʲôط˻
ս޼ɸԪֱɼӲֿʯϵҲ˵ǲҪĹأʲôʱʲôʱ˿󳡵ˣûõг£϶һܲġ
쿴Ѿˡ
ֻʮϵ˵һֳǳӷա
һʲôͷ
֪ϵ˾ͻˣǻһ£˭һ֣һһɡ
ҿͲˣһģǶûնԸЩһ궼Ͼ˵ģ˭мѽ
һһкܶ˶ˣĲǿߵĻЩˣͲͬһʱۼͬһط
ϵվߴһƽ̨ϣվƽ̨ϣԿΧһУӷգͱϵ˵˿ţվϵ˵
λ죬ӭλѡҾΪҽһ°ɡ
ϵȼӷ˹ɵڣ֪ӷ֡
Сӣ㻹ҽܰɡ
ӷҲϴЦݣЦʮòЦݣ˫ȭһ˵³ӷ磬ԺҶա
ʱ򣬳ӷɲڷЩɣŪ˵
ӷ磬һû˵СӣͲҲûоӵŶǿϵȴ˸ټ˵һ㣬Ҫӭӵǵڶһ
ϵЦСӵ֣ҲûûֻҪҼסСӣԶ½鱨Աͺˡ
ʲô
½鱨Ա
ϵ⻰һʱ֮䣬п󹤵ȫˣĿ󹤣ȫв½ǳǵˣ໥֮ѣǵˣҲɱɱģǵ飬һߣͲͬˡ
½鱨Աɱ
Ҳ֪ɱǴĴģȻ䣬ֻһɫĵ⣬ӷ˹
ϵ˲˺󼸲ڵ飬ûйϵκˣҲҪΣ˵Ƕ½ˡ
ӷһҲΪӷ֪ڸͲҪҲҪ֣ʵɣǿ˳ֺԼսȽȵ㡣
顭
໥ײһǷڹ⵶ˣȵмλ÷ͬʱҲѾ˳ղţհӷ絲⡣
֪ĶǶ½鱨Ա˵Ͷ𡣡

ҵ°ɡ
һȭǿȭǣֱӴǳϡ
Сġ
˷˳һˣҲǹӷ˽סˡ
Ԫأǿ
ˣӭʽһԡڣΪҽλ
ϵ˲ɵֳĬǴȥҲǴʱ򣬸ղţֻ˫໥֮˽һĲ࣬һ֣ЩҪɱ˾Ӧ֪յĲˣ
λҲԶ½鱨ԱǵУӦˣŹĴǶ½һ鱨Ա
½һ鱨ԱͷΣѾҪϵ˶ˡ
ս޼ɸԪͬʱվգͬ½գ
ӣǿս޼ɸԪˣΪ⣬ûյ֡
յ˫һתս޼ɸԪɨһ£Աߵĳӷ˵СֵܣӦþǿˡ
ӷû˵ųĬΪӷ粢ãһΪǿģû˽ÿһ˵ʵ֮ǰӷ粻κжϡ
ϵ˵λѾˣһս޼ɣһԪ
ս޼ɣԪ˵ǰ¹ѧԺСɫСɫȴʹ¹ѧԺڲңʦ֮䣬භ¹ѧԺһȷѪ꣬;¹ѧԺϻᡣ
û˵ˣ
ӣ󳡻е˼
գǧҪСЩˣǵУеģǵ䶯½ʱţǱĹϵѾǵ־ȫĥˡ
һû־ˣǿǿȥˣٸ˵ϻȻ㰲ⳡʽҵʶһ£ս޼ɸԪʲô¡
ǵı£ǼģΪ꣬ûκ£ǷǳʵôǣǶκģҲΪرڡ
ȥΪǿˣȴκ˶֣е˵ȥɡ
ϵôһ˵ӷ練⵽ս޼һվڣ˻ȥϵǹսȴǳǿңǴӹ͸¶ǿң˿١
սǿңڼǿʱȻã˱ܣǲǲңӦǲ룬ߣܡ
½һ鱨Ագһ㡣
ʱվ˳ֱӳϣʱ֮䣬ƵУͻȻǣЩǣȫȵλϯ


1946 ͻȻ
Ƶǣʵֲ֮ͬγɵģЩ֮ڣִżΪγɵͬʱȡɽʵʹһͻĽ߱ǵص
̶ȫеʯҲڴʱ˿飬ķĩȫȥۺЩ֮ڡ
սһ̤أѾնȥģһ޴ʯʯԪģܶԷһôˣǳʲôݣȻѾˣɼ˵Բס
ӷոճ֮䣬Ȼ̼γôǣΧֲܶʯе˹ȥȡеľһ־Ԫͬʱձ߱ԷһЩȥճӷӲǵ˽⣬ԪأԪˡ
ԪأȻر𡣡
ӷ˻һڶһҶǰߣɵǸͺͷϸûˣŹǣһʮʮųһٷؤƵģһ˫۾û˿ɣûµؿϣһ࣬һࡣһƲ۵ߣԭ˵սӦûһʱеŶԣȴеһսȥһۣ˫۷һֱڳӷϡ
ӷҲʶĸоעԼ˫Ȼһתԡ
ͻأӷ벻鷢ˡ
ոԪԵͬʱһޱӴӷӭʹĳӷ´󾪲ԣ̫ǿ󣬶һڹԪأǿֻǳӷһģΧûˣоǿ
ӷûȥеһսԪߵȻǿ󣬵ձǿ󣬳ӷ粻ҪʲôԼ鷳ˣ
顭
У֮µһǿҵĲڳӷߣȴǿĹԪظסˣˣȫԪΧɾԱߵϵˣȴһҲû
طȻԻѽһȥһ㶼۵ݹߣȻӵǿ۷徳磬ңԶԶ֮ϣӶ磬߽ӵжôǿ磬Ȳһ磬٣ӵɣҲӵʮɡ
¡¡һӷȻһһûиӷκε˺ڳӷĽ£ǵϣĽӡӡǳӷɵģߵɵġ
Ȼӷȫ˳ӷĽ£ȴûиӷ˿˺ְնȣӷ̾ġ
ǿߣǿߣѵǺռУǿߵʵߣʲôͷ
ԿҲĳӷ磬ʱ򣬱ҪһԼĳӣղ飬Ȼ֪ԼǺġ
ܺá
ӷ׽ţǿߣҪôܸҲ֪Ҵˡ
ô۾ͲָˣһԴԼռǾĬһ仰ҲûУӷ˲ĵ̣ɽҲûлص˷ܣҲƨš
ֻǿԼˡ
ӷ΢΢̧ͷһУ֮£ոԪߵսѾ˰Ȼ˵۾ȫǣҲѾ໥ײʮΣڣȻյٶȣԪ֮ϣʮεײռƣʹԪǽڽںˡ
ѪԪأУѪԪؿɲãԪأǲҪκһŵ֪ҪãҲ϶ԷǸˣӷյɽھɱѽ
Ѫû͵Ѫ߿һ£ڲս֮£ҲѾ㹻˰ɡ
߸ղŵķӷ罫Ѫۼһ㣬ֱӳ߳˹ȥ
Ѫƻ͵ģӷҪڰʩչˣǲܵ顣
ѪһֱӾͱԱߵϵ˸ˡ
ϵҲ´󾪣ΪӷͲ÷һëͷСӰˣж͡ȴϣӷѪһϵ˸ˣˡ
ã
ϵ˴һ¿ˡ

ϵڳӷϿգֱӾͷһƣҪӷѹס
Уµһϵ˶ԳӷͻȻ֣Сֵܣġ
ӷһ顭һǿѪֱӾ͸˳
Ҫ﷭ˣ
ϵֻһǿҵѪԼǿҵѪǰδģͲκԪص
ҪнߵģڣȴŷϵˡԼΣʱ̣Ѫͻһֻʶӵ㣬Ҫӷκ£ӷˣѪͻ
߼ӷȻֵ˫û۾Ķڳӷϡ
üһز¶ѽ
ս޼Ȼ֣һ궼δֵǿߣȴˣ⽫ζʲôζţˣʹ󳡵˶ֵۣģֵսģͲգһ֮
Сӣñ¡һᡣ
ս޼ȫ˫һת⵽ʲôս
ԪҲʱ򺰵û֣û뵽֣ΪһСս޼ɣ£Сӣҵġ
ðɣǿߣбʹ¹ѧԺսǿߣû֣죬ȴͬһʱ֣ףǰСӣкͣ


1947 ·ת
ϵ£Ѿ˳ӷĶ棬е£ҲѾеһΣȫ嵽ϵ˵ߣʹⲢǺܴƽ̨ϣ·Ҫչһս
ͬʱս޼ɸԪҲѾƽ̨֮ϣ궼δ󳡳ֵǿߣΪӷѪҲͲסս⡣
ռôҪΧӷһҲܳӷǲǶ½ˣȻһ󳡵ģ֮ǰѲֵʱӷְԼȻóӷһȥ
Զ¹ѧԺĴ֮
Ѿ˳ӷǰһҪСһɳӷȴһҲûЩ˷Ϊӷ֪Ҫ֣Ҳֻܻһˣȫ֣ΪҲǿģôֶԸһˣӮˣ´˳ȥЩνǿҲûӡ
õģǲΧҵġ
ӷܲһ仰ս޼ɴЦ
б£Ҳеʶˣ֮˵ɣ㵽˭
ս޼ɷ·϶ӷݣȻҲܹս޼ɣΪǿ֮ˣҪأҲ̫ܡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ղţѾҽܣǲʶңΪԭǸ֮ӲҪ˿أصĻղŵ飬ҲͲᷢˡ
ս޼˵ղŵԪӲǵʲô
ˣͺֻԪظƵģǲǲֻ֪ǶǸûзڹϣΪǶԣԪظΪͨ
Ϊ֣ܶԪҲЩǿߣһֱұһ߱
ѽԪȫǺӵеģԪһضĻɵģǿӶģУǺŵõġ
ս޼˵߱ҲǼŴһǱǱܷӵޣҲֻΪˡղͲǱ
ѵЩ˿ͽǱĳЩ棬ռռ䣬ǱռҪõģ٣ҵѪ󲻵ġ
Ѫ󲻵ѪԪؾ͸˵ˣռͬѪԪأ٣ûУҲӵѪԪصģĿǰλãҲ˰ˣһǴܹô۵Ǹˣһǳӷ硣
ܶ飬һʱ֮Ҳ˵ɼȻѾԺǾеʱദҲĻҲ໥һ¡
ӷɴ⣬˵ĽȻҪЩ˵ϵõôǲܴԼռκεıˣԼǣҲòѽ
Сӣ˵ϻղȻǿ󣬿ˣܻģȫǿߡҾͲţطưԡ
ս޼ɵɫѾת䣬ڣУ˵⣬׽ӷ統˵ˡ
Ԫȴͬս޼ɲһԳӷûκεĵ⣬෴ڵλãѾĿӷ磬ɳӷȴûиеκνԼ͵ϮԼ˼
˵Ҫʹ˵ϻһģЩбµĻͽ߰ɡ
ߣ͵ȥ˼ԣЩб£Ǿͽͻϼȥ
˭ǰһɱ
ͻȻһ仰ǳӷ˵ģҲ˵ģȻԪ˵ġ
ˣȫԪһʲô֮ǰӷһսʲô鶼ûãֱվӷǱȥˡ
Ԫʲô˼
ս޼ɸԪһ󳡵ģҲԸģǰѣڣ˵Դǰһ֮ǾѾ˵ˡ
ʲô˼⻰񲻸ʰɡ
ԪֱӾվ˳ӷǰ˵СֵܣõġߵľԶ٣ղŵҲҪᣬҲûôֻǶеѡ
ӷ綼һʱӦԼյ󳡣ոЩһԪԼ֣Լⶼʲôʲôѽ
ս޼ȻԪ⣬ĵһ쿪ʼһ£һһԸҡǣˣûһģЩһҲˡڣոСӣˣһӵһֵһѳĶ½ǿߣһһҾ鷳ˡ
ս޼֪ʲôʱˣǸһ󳡵ġ
磬ô죿
ԪԼ£ˣѵǾͲ𡣡
䣬ս޼ɴǿͣô½ǿв½ҲҪһΪ˼ҵӡͶλѵĻɱǣպҲᱻЦģЦЩ˾ͻԶ٣Ҳȥ⵱ʱ鷢ˣΪɻģԡԿηĵŴҶӦɣ
ս޼⻰һղЩҪֵˣȫϵˣʱи
ӷһͷˮʵգ⵽ʲô˼𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵·תģҲ̫ġԼ˵ǽֽҶ˸ҪǴ˳ȥЦģһǡ
ӷ˵ûз֣ˣʾã
ԣս޼ɸԪʾãڻ֪ǵ⡣
Ȼˣ˼Ѿʾ˺øУզģҲûҪǵӡ
Сֵܣʲô뷨
ҿÿһˣͦġҵļ磬һϵĲ֢˹¸Ħ֢Ⱥ
ʲôȺ
˹¸Ħ֢ȺҲ˵һȺЮһ֮󣬾ʱۻʸӲһϵУͬˣǾͻᷴЩܡ
˼˵뵱ǷӣˣͳΪʣǴùϵǰ㣿
ûпǱҵˣ
Сֵܣ뷨ʵ̫ˡҪ֪ÿһˣȫǳǵˣ½֮䣬ǵжԹϵôܻΪˡ
ûвܵ£Ϳôȥˡ
뷨ǺõģҾͿľʱˡ£ǲκϵġ
͵ſɡ
ӷЦһ뷨ǸողŲģ󳡣Ϊһˣû뵽ս޼ɸԪԼ뷨Ȳս޼ɸԪǴʲôĿģɳӷţֻҪ涼յĺãܱܽɿܡ
ɽ¹ѧԺĿ󳡣ԼĴ½һԴ֮ء


1948 ɱ
սѾֹͣҲûȥƳӷˡ
ϵ˼Ȼȥκһˣ󳡵ĸˣܣҲ֪ÿһˣȻ浽ڣǱضԼﲻοҲԶν㶼ܷҲһĳ˷ˣԼֽˣԺӣɾͲùˣᶪ
ʵڲɽֵطĹǳǻҪѣ£ҪҷԴеʱҪ⹤˵ʵһ˼޷ȥ
Ȼոӷ磬Ѿ϶Ƕ½ˣ˵ϵ˸ͲҪµֻҪһʼǿߵؾͺˡս޼ɸԪδֵǿߣȻȫվųӷ磬ʹϵǸǶ½ˣв½ˣ֪ŵģԼȥ
ȻܵǺβκأʲôˣ󳡣ûе֮ˣÿһ˶̵ģҲԼȥֲ;˵ʲô⣬Ǿ͸޹ˡ
һپˣҶѾϢʱ䣬һ磬˶Ҫɼʯû˻ҹܳҹ䣬Ȼս޼ɸԪ˳⡣
һҶУϵסĵطҶͬ˴֮⣬˿ء
ϣմż߹´ģĿ
һ½һݺɫżݵϵǰϵ˼ţ治̫ȥӡ
ɫ
Ĵ½żǷΪüֵģ磬ɫż֮Ĵţɫżбߵ鷢ˣɫż֮ϢݡɫżͱȽرⲻκϵģһҲ˵һ
ںɫżϣͲҪдһ֣ΪɫżѾһ
ϵ˿ɫżﻹûס
ţĸ͹ģ
˵Ŀǰĸţ϶Ǵġ
ϵ˽ɫżӹ֣漴żˣ˵֪ͨѧԺǱߣε˼ûиѧԺһµĻǾͲ֣ܶϾεˣСӡ
ϣģǲհĻǾ͵ڸа壬Ƕǿûκκôѽ
ǸղҲѾˣȲ˵ǸգгӷСҲǸʡ͵ĵƣ˭аաս޼ɸԪѾȷˣ֣Ǿ͵ڸս޼ɣԪԡ
ϣڸô죿
ֱ֪ͨΣ£ξҪ֣ͽԼ˹ܷʲô£ûϵ
ӣɫżһɱţϵ˽ӷ˸ġѳӷ˿̫ˣû뵽յɽĳӷˣѾõĳϵıӡ
Ȼ˵ս޼ɸԪ£ӷˣֻﶼٹʮ죬ɽͽһ£Ǹʱ򣬶ᾪɽģǱԼȥǣƶԷ򣬵ܾ˵ʱ˭Ҳòκεĺô
ӷձͬһҶסһ
Сֵܣ⼸ҪСһ㣬ǧܴˡ
ǸΪȥˡ
˼˵Щһ鷳
鷳ģ󳡵ˡ
ʲô˼
ˣҶǶ½鱨Ա½ʹ޵ģˣһǰɱߣһ֣鱨ԱɱߣһץǾնףСĽ鱨ԱܱסһҲɷˡܲҵģҵĹ½Ϊʹ֮һԣǳǲŹǵġ
һ˵ӷ絹Цˣ˵ɱǵĻΪʲôǳǵʱ򲻶֣Ҫ͵طٶ֣
ӣһжΪ⡣⣬ÿ½һǳǵʱǾͶ֣ɱңҸˣǶ˵ģв½ͲͬˣɽһʮǿĽˣҪܣᱻĽͻġÿһˣȫߣôģᱻƲ𡣡
һ˵ӷˡ
ǳԼ͵˵ˣﶯɱԼԼ˿ܵĻᣬɱˣ߳ԭˣǾ֤ԼߣĴ½ռ䣬ߵ磬в½ҲΪ¶ӡ
ɳӷȴһҲģ˵Ǵô
ģôķ
ҸҴģǳɱǣҲվǵġ
˵ǡ
ղǿߡ
ս޼ɸԪ
û
Ϊʲôô϶
ѽǸͲʶǸղΪʲôվǣһʲô£ȥģƾ㣬ҾͿԿ϶ٲ̫硣
СֵܣҪս޼ɸԪͨĽɫٶǰ¹ѧԺѧҲ˿ѧôѧȴһ¹ѧԺȷѪ꣬ʹ¹ѧԺʦ֮໥ɱǵϣ󲻵Ķ
Ȼ£ҲΪյġѡİɣҵԤ⣬û󡣲㿴棬ˣѾˡ


1949 ǿ̸֮
Ӱ˳ӷסҶ⣬ӷȴװһʲô֪ӣӷҲϵһģڲǵĿ֮ǰӷ粻ȥ˵ʲô
ÿһκһ£ǴĿĵģ㹤ϰ࣬ΪĲһµĹûʸ㣬ȥȥϰࣿѵóԷѽ
ս޼ɸԪҲһ֮ǰųӷ磬ȻǵĿĵģĿܴܲɣǻҪǵӷʲôǺ£⣬ӷһĺܺáǿ⣬ս޼ɸԪҪԼΪ˼ҵûΪϰߡ
ս޼ɣӣ뵽һȥˡ
Ԫһͼս޼Ҳ˹ûǶһǰģҲ뱻˷֡
뵽һ飬ʲô¡ǰѧԺ֮⡣
ԪɵһЦǰ¹ѧԺܣǸѪӵܣ
ȻĿһģ֮䣬ǲҪǰ˽ᣬͬʱҲΪѪӣǰѡˣ
ս޼ɲмʲôҺѪӻоҪˣʱ򣬲㻹ңΪҪģһǰҶõ֪ѪӵĴڣǰˣڣҲһ
ԪЦǵǰ¹ѧԺʦҲܣ֣ѧԺѧǸˣҲΪ£һ¹ѧԺڲȷѪꡣ£Ŀѽ
ͬˣϣ֪ѪӵľҶˣҶûκΰսԷܣõѪӣɴˣұҪѡ֪Ѫӵ飬ҽ£Լ£Ѫӡ
ȻһΪ˵õѪӣ£ӷյģΪӷղв½ˣ֪Ѫӵ飬Ҳв½֪뽫һϢض½Ļȶ½֪ˣµʱѪѾս޼ɸԪһˣʱϣҲս޼Ϊʲô꣬ˣѪӼǰ죬ѡ£ӷա
ڶ֣һᾪ˵ġѪӻоʱŻڣʲô鶼пܷ
ָ뵽һȥˡڣҪ£սѣҪ˵ǳΪĳһߵսѡ
ûѡ˭һʧߡ
ԣҾԲɹġ
ɲ㣬ͬҲѡ񡣡
ѽҪ˰еһҲҪ˭ߣ벻κˡ
Ҷڣӷһս޼ɸԪĶԻӷѾĺˣʱĴָԳӷ˵СֵܣȻһסһǰæġ
Ѫӣʲô
֪δ˵
Ǿ͵Լǰɡ
Ȼ˵ˣӷҲûҪʲôУֱӶҶ˵λȻˣǾɡ
ս޼ɸԪˣͬʱ߽Ҷ
ӷվĸˣͬʱòԵʺһ¡
ʱѡǱֳĬ̸֪ⷽԼȽһ㣬ӷ翴ʮ־Լʲô˵óӷȥ˵ɣСӣͲȴʮֵҲǶ½鱨ԱҪ߱ľУǸûʸΪһɫ鱨Ա
λ˲ϲתĨǣ˵ĻҲѾˣʱ֪ǰʲôæʲôʲô⣬ҪҪǮġ
ӷֱӾͽˣҲһ죬˵ЩԼ˵Ļ
áСֵܣû뵽ССͣȴֱˬȻˬ죬ҲīˡǰæģҶԸߣԸҡ
ս޼ɺһҲīʲôֱ˵ʲô
ӷЦǾ仰ʱ֪ҪǰʲôҪǰʲôæڣ˵˵ܸʲôɣ
ս޼ʹʹһΪ
һΪ
ӷЦˣ˵һΪ꣬ԼҲѽ㵱оСˣһΪңΰɡ
ҪɣҸһΪǰ°ɡ
䣬ӷһǿɢҶ
˵ҲһǧΪѽӷͣôܣ
ս޼ɵɫʱ䣬û뵽ӷΪԶԶԼԼղſһΪΪ꣬˻ûڹ
Ȼӷս޼ɸԪԥ
Ϊ֮ߵǿߣѪӵǣʱ֮ԼָǺء
ղɵĿЦӷʲôǿҲӦʱͷųѽⲻֱӳ˱ˡ
ӣСֵܻ治ںһΪȻˣҲûʲô˵ˡ
ս޼ҪˣȻԷǸΣշӣΪԷһǷ£ǵ뷨ɣԪҲһġ
ɼȻĺôӷвռ֮ˣͱߡ
ΪһǿģҲԲġ˵Դ֮󣬾û֣һҲĻǸղڶ˵ĻҲĺˣ󳡣ӦΪѰʲôɣ
ս޼ɸԪֹͣ˽ŲͬʱתһɱֱӾͷ˳
ռ״ǰҲͷ˳˵ֱӾʹҶɳӷȴǵһӣеȫ񱻰ƵģʵʵİҶ֮ڡ


1950 Ѫ̽
ǿͣǼĹأֻҪǿˣǾҪúõдȻͻ֮ơ
ӷֱӷųһѪҶڸ
ս޼ɸԪǿߣӷ绹治ͨȻ͵סս޼ɸԪ
Сӣʲô˼
ûʲô˼ȻˣǾͲߡǲǰæ𣬲仰ûо˰ɡûʲôõģֻһȽϺõϰߣڵĵطԲǾƵ꣬Ҳκ˵˵߾ߡȻλӲҪߵĻҲûʲô˵ġǣҵλ֮ǰҲѾʶˣ˵䲻Ļܶʱ򣬾Լ޷ȥһӦΣڣͻҪǶλʲôˣɾͲܹˡ
ӷ⻰ǿЦãôãʲô˶컹ǵһμӷˡ
˵󲻴˵ССҲٶˣ컹ǵһμǵ飬ɵǲʱҲǵ£ʱҪСӵͷˡ
ս޼Ѿ಻סˣǵһμӷҪСӣ첻ӷһѵĻԺôȥѽ
֪ߵغ񡣡
ԪҲһڶǰս¹ѧԺʱ⣬󳡣ûκ˸ҿԼˣϵˣԼ˶ǿͿģӷһ֮ȻԼˣˣǿ벻̡
գ죬ǱǳǺģСҲ̫֪ˣȻҸһסԼɣ£ܻǲܡ
ս޼Ҳģոӷ֣Լ˻δռ˿ˣղֵĻһжð졣
أܽ£ǶλǲǺȻǲӦ˵ʲôġλСֵܵƢҲǸող֪ȻϰݣӲҪǸҲûʲô˵ˡټĺĴ½ռ䣬ǿΪ˫˭ǿ˭Ҿ͵Թߣʲôܰɡ
ʵҲӷʵӷ絽׸һôĵزȻӷΣգȻܼȵġ
ӷ粢û˵ʲôڣҲʱЩһһˣǸս޼ɸԪģͬҲҪһи׼ʱȷľ
Ҷڵȫӷͬս޼ɸԪӷ˹ȥ
ȻǶ˵ˣСӣǸԪ𣿡
Աձ˵ΪãǾֻԪˣԶǱ档
ӷڲѪĶ֣̫Ķ֪ս޼ɸԪѾı䣬ٻԼˣˣҪȺ֮ˣǶԼǰٺһģ
ƵУʹ˶ʱʧȥеսǲǿֶΣƴһʵͬʵ֮ͬ£ƾʲôҪģҲûκʸȥˡ
۷ǿߣӷֲûǽδʣ̫ӣЩһ۷ǿߣɵȫ׹ˣӷ絽ڣսšӵи߼ģӷѪԪҲѾΣѪԪأֱκһԴߵСڣֱκһԴʧȥеսʱɱ̫ʱˡ
ڣӷѪԪأѾһ˽ˣѪԪأǿԴߵС棬ͬʱҲԿԴߵС棬ЩСڵȫֹֺͣͬʱҲ޷
ڳӷָ֮⣬ѾΪһѪ棬Ѫ沢Ǻܴ󣬿˵ǷǳСС۸Ϳͬϸ㡣
ϸѪ棬ǳս޼ɵؿڴֱӴؿڣڣٴνС档
ս޼ˣԭأһҲҲøҪֵԪս޼ɵ⣬ѵһԼûҪȶ֡
ս޼ɣҿϰɣԸСӣҪͬʱ֡
ԪĻս޼ûƵģսǲɫ
ȵʱûоʲôԾɶԪս޼ɺüս޼ɶûӦ֪һǳӷս޼ɵ϶ʲôֽţһѾˣˡ
Сֵܣһߣպ
ջе㵣ĳӷ¶֣ѵ
ӷȻ֪ԼĿǰʺʱɱˣرɱս޼ˡ
ģµġ
˼֪ӷô쵽ġ
Ԫɫķǳѿս޼ɼۣڵս޼ɾһֻ壬ûĻƵģԸ񣬲ʲôʲô˵ѽ
Сӣʲô
ǳӷ֮ǰս޼ɷԪԥĽս޼ɸͲҪκΰˣеѪӣСս޼ɱԪԼĴ϶Σյġ
ǵѾʧȥֱһʲô֪ʲô˵ĻˣɱõĻᣬˣɱˡ
Сӣٸһס㵽ʲôֶΣ
ֶΣҲ볢һ¡ǾԸɡ
һͬϸѪԪС棬ҲסˣӷҲѪƵĺܺãѪ滹ûʼǵС֮ǰӷ罫Ѫ˻ͬʱӷҲǸʱѪ̽һս޼ɸԪһǹԪߣһǺڰԪߣԪأǳӷǳϤģˣһ磬˵ʵϣǲµģˣҲΪԼõĻǶԼĴ½ռķչǷǳġ


1951 һξѪѪ
ӷջѪһ̣ս޼ɸԪȫ˹ȥ˵Ҷڲֹͣ½Ų
ʱս޼ɸԪˣղ飬˵֫ûκεĶȴѾų亹ԼС涼˸һˣʱٸӷоڳӷԼС£ԿģԶԼ
ɲս޼ɻԪὫղ˵ҲɵκˣϣֱӽԼС̽ӣ
ôǻ붯֣뿪Ļҿɲұ֤ᷢʲô£
գӷʩֶΪãս޼ӷھֱӿʼвˡ
㵽ô
ս޼ɵĻδƽղŵ飬ֱǲ˼飬ǵ˽⣬ǿǿߣӵ̽ӱСֶѽֶΣӵеֱ̽ԼС棬Ǿ˵ֱӻԼСˣ
ô仰ǲӦ˵ڲűȽϺʣ
ѽԼģֲȥǵģǷô˹ˣ
ӷѪ̽κһԴߵС棬ȴ޷̽ӱ˵˼룬ͨ˵˼ҲУս޼ɸԪԼΪʲô£ǲ˵ӷ粻ܻ֪
ӣ뻢ڣ﷭ˡû뵽һСӣȻ˵ֶΡԪô
ԪɵĿЦһ˵ŬĳĬܾˡСӣ֪ǽĿģȴӦһ¡
˵ɣ˲ϲ˴򹤣Ҳϲռ˵ıˡ
Ԫ˵죬֮ɽһ£һԺ䶯½Ĵ££ĿǰֻҸս޼ɲ֪ҲǵҪԭ򡣡
ӷ˵룬ǰǱܣ£󳡵֪
û
ǺãҴӦ㡣˵˵׾֮󣬻ᷢôĴ£
Ԫ£Ҫǰ˵ǰҸս޼ɣ¹ѧԺѧˣʮƽӹ֮㣬Ӧ˵ˡǽ¹ѧԺʱǴѹʲô棬ѧȴΪǼţֻҪŬܴﵽڴĿꡣ
Ԫ̾˿ӣǻ£Щ£еʮֵʹ࣬Ҳеʮֵѹ֡
ս޼ɼԪͣ˵ȻǰŬܵõһУƽӹȻЩҪúܶ࣬ЩνŵǰôŬֵһᡣǧ࣬ò׽ǳǵһѧԺ¹ѧԺĹأǽˣǰ޷ͨĲԵĻǻᱻ̭ģʱṷ̋Σ
Ԫ˵ṷ̂ǿǱΪһϸ֮߳£ԼߣǾһ

ӷЦһΪʲãЩģһ꣬꣬綼׷ȥԡǣǿ̫꣬ҲֻҪһ꣬ȥԶڱ֮Զᱻѹᱻ׷ϣָоȻǸ˶ܲˣҲѹս޼ɸԪ˵Ҫһˡ
˵ǵӦǱ¹ѧԺĲؾ͵ѧԴɣ
û¹ѧԺĲؾ󣬲طźܶǿԴΪĵҩÿһǵϣܼ¹ѧԺϣǣҲɹǱ˲ؾ󣬳ɹȡΪĵҩǿԴз
ս޼˵ֽǰסģǱؾİ֮¹ѧԺ̭ԿʼˣǴεĲϣɹǰ˵ֻҪʮͲᱻ̭ΪʹõԴЩ࿼ʦ⣬Ǿһ飬֣ʱʹõԴȫ¹ѧԺĲ֮أЩʦûʸѧġ
ӷʵǺأ
Ԫ˵ѧԺΪ˲ʦѧ֪Ǳؾ£Ժֻɳʱ࿼ʦץǣʱȻڲؾ͵ѧ˰ʱ䣬ҲЩʦĶ֣ǱƵĶؾҲΪ¹ѧԺĹ涨Ժ֮⣬κ˶ýؾԣڲؾʮʱ䣬ֱԺԳ֣ЩʦؾǸʱΪ
ս޼˵ڣ첻Ϊؼʱ򣬱ǷڲؾеһشܣҲǽǸܣԺЩʦȫˡ
ӣһڲ˵صϡ
ӷʵʲôܣǸйص𣿡
ûҲ֪¹ѧԺλǰģһУڽΪĵҩʹκһԴڷµҩֱһΪһ˳һţܽԺЩʦˡһһⱻµдţҪ¹ѧԺԺһ̶ʱڣǰɽΪڲɽһǼ԰κһ˴ΪϿԱǿߣѾǿߵǿߣٿϰΪҪ֪Ϊһǿ˵ǽζʲôǸ̶ʱ䣬Ǿ֮󡣡
ҲʼȤΪѽǲܶ˭һ޴ջͬʱҲǸջ
ʲôΪ
һξѪǰһξѪΪһѪӣ˭ѪӣܵõΪҲڲ

ǲѵв½ǲϼ𣬲ɽٳģս޼ɸԪȴĶҲģ
ʱǵ֪ܺΪֹй¶Ǿɱ˲ؾɱЩΧǵʦԺɱˣڣʱģûܡ
ʵѵ󳡣ȴ꣬ҲǸʱΪ֮𣿡
ûǸҷģ򣬾в½Ҳط
ӷ粻мһѪѣʲô˵ġ
СֵܣͲ֪ˡ˵ǰǺĵһǿߣһ֮УֻܹһΣǴ˭ģȴû֪֪ģǲ˵ľս֮أɽڴ֮ǰľѪӵǵ˭õΪһĸǿߡ
ԭط˴ܵģӷ绹˵ط
֮Ϊ˵õʹѱ˵ˡ֮󣬾ʲôѪӳֵʱ䣬ûմܶԷõѪӣԣҪǰһ˵ûɣ
û˵ܣʧˣڶû֪䣬Ҳûҵĵʲô⾫ѪѪӣпΨһ֮ˡ
ϻ˼Ҳ𱻴ֱܺӾųռˣһӡȻûҵĵ
ѪӣӷһȤľУ񷶦Լ࣬ĳ˵ԼǲѵΪԼһѪЩһƴһѽûǸҪ
˵һξѪôҪĻӣ֮󣬿кϷˣ
һξѪѪѽ¹ѧԺڣǵ飬Ǽɻ䡣
ӷڿתţȻ磬Ǿ̫û˼ˡο֪ʲôط˵Ѫӵ鴫˳ȥǻ᲻õϢ֮ɽأ
ãҲ԰Ǳܣÿκһ֪֮һ԰һˣõѪӣҲѪӵ⣬Ϊǲܱ
ʵСֵܣ˭
ǾҪ˭ֵҰˡˣ磬ð˭ԼŰ졣ˣλоʱ䣬Ǿ׼ɣ쿪ʼһעģ˭ұȽãҾͻ˭
ڸĳӷϴһս޼ɸԪѽ


1952 СǾӣ޶ɷ
ҺһģҪ˵ĵϸȥңäĿģΪԼǿ󣬲мκ˵ֶθĻǾͽעһӵıߡ
ս޼ɸԪǿۣûϵӷȻˣ㵽󣬸Ͳɵ˵㣬ǱӷΪˣҲòӷΪĿģӷȫ֪ˣ
ڶ峿Ĵ½̫һͬһʱʱҲп𴲸ɻʱ䣬ǱҪһɵ̫ɽǻ꣬ϵʱҪÿһֿʯ֮¹ѧԺҪĿʯƼһÿһ£Ҫһʯ¹ѧԺ
Ȼÿһ˶ʸͿʯ¹ѧԺģǱҪϵԴȥȻ׾֮лɳˣ¹ѧԺʲô
ǵĹʱ䣬ǲҪÿ춼ȥŵģһ󹤽ʯʱѾָɼļֿʯԣһǾͿʼλɻ
ΪӷյرԣΪǾһǳرĻӭʽµ죬ϵ˲ſʼǰŲɼʯĵط
Ϊ͸ϱߵϡпʯɣǱߵĿʯɽΪϡеĿʯ֮һǲɼʱҪСģÿɼһʯҪָĵطźãױɽҰ޸͵ߵġ
ֻ˵Ұ͵ԵĶû˵Ұ޻͵ʯġ
ӷǲʵѵҰ޻Կʯɣ
ϵ˻شҰޣΪ˺֣ܶÿһҰԵĶһΪɽһ޴Ŀ󳡣Ҳв½Ŀ󳡣УԿʯҰޣȫ˹
û뵽гԿʯҰޣӷ绹ʶһ£ôҰ޻ǳԿʯġ
ϵ˵Ȼ淢Ұ͵ʯǧҪǸɱˣΪ͵ϡпʯҰޣǷǳһޣ㲻ãץһֻͿһֻǿϣǷǳãģֺޣӲңʮָ߰ɱѡͬھᱻץס
ӷЦһȲ˵Щʲôޣ㻹浱ԼѽҸʲôҾ͸ʲôѽȻϵ˵Ȼֱ˵ϾյʯҪϤһĻ˵ġ
еĿ󹤣Ѿʼ˸ԵĹӷҲս޼ɸԪΪȥȥķͬλȻҲǲͬġ
ӷֱս޼ѪʲôطʣҲ˵ӷҲѪԪȥƹˣ
ǺãǾֱȥָĵطɡ
ʵСֵܣòɻɣ
һûйⲻΪܽ¹ѧԺ˽£ҵĹʱ˵һܰﵽæءҲұҪô࣬Ů鷽飬Ҳ㶮Ҫࡣ
ʵ˵Ů鷽飬ӷ绹ڴţŮ˲٣һֱӷ綼ææĵģʱȥӪԼĸѽҲڣӷŮ˶ͨˣҲΪӷûʱȥʲô
㵽ʱܰﵽңȻǸϽġڣǻӦǰɡ
ģѾȫˡ
Ҳϻϵ˴ųӷһѹȵڣһͬϿȣźܶɫˮЩɫˮϣһЩϵ˵˼Щ棬ǰȫɢˡ
ûУЩǳԿʯһҰޣЩֻС͵ʯߣǳԲ˶٣Ҳ̫ޣΪ࣬ҲϡЩʯ߾ǵһȫΪʯͷģһ޷ʯͷԸʹֻܹÿɢһΡ
ϵ˽һЩ˵ˮѹȣĿʯʯƷõĲ֮һÿҪɼһٵʯȻ󽫲ɼʯԷѹȵıڵʱȻߵġ
䣬ϵѹȵ˷ٶպǲм㻹ɺ˿ѽǼԵܣ
ҪᣬĹأϡпʯ˿صģս޼ɸԪǱҲһ
ȻˣҲûʲô˵ˡ㻹ҪҲʱ䣬ûµĻˡ
ҲϻϵǲÿͬһطҪͬĵطȥѲС
Ƕλذɣæȥˡ
ϵ뿪ʵСֵܣڸʲô
ڣһҪҪ죬Ұ첻ˣ졣
ʲô£˵ɣͬһϣкõĽ飬һհ졣
ӷЦһ˵ս޼˵飬ûǰɣ
ȻûС֮ôܻǡ˵ʵǶһõ
òõһ£ǿĴ¼͵˲μӵĻҲ̫û˼ˡ
˼ǡ
ķϢȥ½еǿȫ֪
ʲô뽫½ǿȫѪӣ
û
첻ǴӦ£֪𣿡
ֻӦ󳡵֪û˵ÿ֪֮˵ˣ˶Ϣй¶ɲǵ顣
ղɵһЦ˵Сӣ㻹湻յġҲãܲв½ֳһ̬ǿߡͽϢȥ
СǾӣ޶ɷһǿ߶ţë磬ԵʱеʱҲҪֶΣرǶԼԵкʱٱ޳ֶܵΣҪʹҲüһʱϢȥû´ĻЩǵУһս޼ɸԪˣڼأǾ͵ϣûעʱٴϢ


1953 аһ
磬Ϣʱ䣬ʱǲҪɻģÿһ󹤶ʲô뿪ɵĿ㡣
һӷոʲôûɣÿ󳡵ȥԼȻ󳡣ľһҪ¡
ǣӷ˲ɻ￴صȴûһ˵ģųӷԭ죬һƨͬһȺľ㣬Χӷǿ
ȻѺ͵󳡣ʣǳǵ˿ܻóӷ˺ù𣬱ˣӷǽ˶½鱨Ա֮ˣǳǲùġ
ʲôƨǳǵЩһȴǵ˿һ仰Ҳ˵ѵս޼ɸԪ˰Ǵ˹ϵ
ճķ󣬺˿ˮоЩвս޼ɸԪԼ˵ģͬʱս޼ɸԪҲԼ˴ĹϵʹԼʲôøɡ
ûô򵥡
ʵӷоԾˣս޼ɸԪҲǿ󹤵ݣԼÿ춼ҪɼʯģȥԼͨϵѽͣ󳡾Ͳϵˡ
Сֵܣѵķ
һ緹չһ½ǡ
ʲô˼ѵǻ¶ֲɣ
Ȼ飬Щһһ綼˵Ƿɾ裬ʲôѾˡ
ս޼ɸԪһԼԸǣ͸ôһǻ˲ѽ
Ӧò¡
ӷ绰䣬ͻأУǺУһ¡
ֱ䵽ˮѹȵߴһӰֳҲʹĿˣȫתˮѹȵĳӷˡ
ǴڳֵģһˣһȥʮˣˣȻǳӷռģȴ󳡼ġ

ղɵĿЦӣǳ治ʲôûɫ֮ǰѲֵʱûɱԼˣȻܵˡ
ǰˣǳˣ֮ǰԱѲֵǸƳ
죬´һɱϵˣϵΪ¹ѧԺˣֱȻҪ¹ѧԺ㱨ˣ¹ѧԺǱҲӦûȷָͲסԾƳ󳡣ӷˡ
ΧصҲδǰѾˣЩˣûһ¹ѧԺˣȫˡ
һѰǹеȫ׼ѹеĳӷˣƣɱˣǹӷ˻У֮ѹ֮У󣬽ѹȸյ֪Ҳ˵ӷǱѹеɱģǳû˿ϵ
ϵǱߣ¹ѧԺǱߣҲʲôûɫ⽫ӷ˷ˮѹȣΪģ
Ƴ˫ۿѹеĳӷˣڲҪκһƨ컹ܽӷ˳ĻԵǳ̫ˡ
Ƴһ־µһ̣Ằɱ
ôһɱֳڣеǹеͬһʱ䣬ӷ
ӷһҲûɵˮѹǿƻᣬʱ֮䣬ѹڲƳҲˣǿƹǿǿߣҲԼȥֵֵסҲܡ
ֹͣ
Ƴһ£ȫֹͣ
ȥҰʬҳ
¿ٳѹȣʱҲѾɢȥڱƻѹڣȴӷ˵Ӱ
Ƴûѽ
ʲô
ƳʱһĽвá
ͻأƳоԼı飬һ⣬ʹһ亹
ǿɱں档
ƳĻȫתʱƳֻһɫ⣬Լ˹
նν
ħն죬ӷֱӾһƳ˹ȥ
Ƴʱɫ⻮üģüĴһѪۣΪٶȻǿ죬ӷһûи̫˺
ļһаһ
ƳѾڳӷĽУоֲֿϢаϢϢĴ½ѾҳˣΪڼԪУͲаϢڵ˶һԡһᡱΪҪǰԵޱȵҪа·ߣûȥˣΪа񣬾ȫµĵˣҪΪȫµĵˣǾͱӵȫΪеʵֽĺĴ½˭ɵһ֮ս½ģ


1954 ѹɱ
аϢʱסˮѹȣڳɽȥ
ӷʹһǵŹùóԭһħ뵱ʱԽΪ£Ҫ۷ϵӷһı£ӷ罫һħ֮·
ɵ죬ųӷ缸ĳɳ̣ԭ;ۼ˴а⻹Ҫôĺ£ڳӷʹնνʱȻȻģͽۼаȫˡ
ʵӷԼ벻һȻԱеаǰǰ첻ģɽȴ쵽ˣԭֻһѪԪصĹϵΪѪԪڳӷ𽥳ΣǿҲǣ˳ӷ索ڵаڶΪô۵ĹϵǰӷڵаΪʿ׼ģʿѾһʽˣϳӷռô۾һֱûֹûôȥóӷаǹаȻɵĳӷôȥã
ǿĺѾƳд󾪣Ĵ½ռ䣬аѾˣаΪеʱҲ͹ȥˣôڱ˱ǿа
ôܶԷӵŶôǿƳοǷǰӷ˵ģûãҲûǳǣǿԿ϶ģԣôܸĴۣҪӷո
ͬʱڲɽһϵҲѾоǿаƳҹ칫µģҲӦѾˣȴ벻Ƴֵʱ򣬾ȻᱬǿаɽڶѾаסˣʲôطܸоĵ־ĵĿ־塣
ãҪ£
ϣ׷ʲô£һ֮ңˡ
û´ĻӦƳǱ߳⡣ϸϹȥһ̽

ϵ˸Ҫǰˮѹȣȴһϵֹסˡ
ģһͷߣ߹ǸжԳӷ֮ˡ
Ƥʲộָ
ϵƵƤĿ󹤣ɾϵˣûκ飬˶ѾǣƤɽжˣΪϵ﹤֮ǰƤѾˡҲû֪ƤΪʲô±䵽˵صģӿ˵г֮ǰƤѾڲɽˡ
ϣȰǣǲȥȻпȥ޻صġ
ƤһȰ棬ϵ˵֮ģȻûƤ֣֮ǰҲδŹͺκһʵĴڰ㣬ֺв½ͬͬĴڰ㣬˵ĸоǰأɽ֪ɽҲ¶ˮû˽κ飬ȴԻڡ
ƤǰȻҴûʹ飬Ҳͨ棬Ѿûˣֻ֪ǵһɽģǸʱ¹ѧԺŸոսܲɽ󳡡ҿԿ϶ԲһںǰѾǳǵĸ߲ˡ
Ƥʵֻ˶һƺŰˣΪû֪񣬾
ʲôǰǰģֻǺǡаѾܾûֹˣٴγ֣治֪Ǹǻѽ
ܾûֹѵǰа
Ȼһӣǡ
ǻָһаƳǱģпСӱģʲôǿֹ𣿡
ֹ
ƤﲻɵĴЦһ˵Цˡǰռǿ߶ֹаЩˣȫˡ
Ƥ·ǻʲô£ĿмֱһԶѹجΰ㣡
ǰɣֻǺѣȥ޻صĻɽҲµĹա
˵ĶѾ˵ˣƤһĪ̬֮ٶԡ
ϵϸһ£ȲƤǼ٣ƳǶǷǰģ£ԼҲεġ
ܲôˣϹȥ
ɽطս޼ɸԪҲӦаˣٶȣͬʱаĵطȥ
ӷһ濴Ϊ˹ƳһˣΪаıʹɽˡ

ڳӷĺӷͷųףҪջأƾЩ鷳ˡ
СֵܣǧҪƺԼȻ߻ħġ
ջΪӷΪĳԭ򣬲ŻᷢͬΪ½鱨ԱȻǵĵġ
ɳӷȴ治ɫĲһ֮󣬼ƳѾˣԼȴͷʵڵʲô
ıˣԼ۾ӷ籬ǿаȻһ¶ûС
㡭Ǹ̥
ѽӷһֱǸ̥飬Ҳû
첻ȫɱ⣬պ󣬻鷳ġ
СֵܣҪɱ֣ǳˣ㽫ȫɱˣǼ˾ͻԴԴϵġ
ˣӲݣУҪնݳͳͳȥɡ
顭
ˮѹȣһ޴ıը
ӷȥѪҲ˳аһһѪȭ˳ӷǰ
Ѫԣҡƿȭ
ЦɣӷʲôȻʹƿȭ뽫ȫ


1955 Ϣ
ѪʩչƿȭԽƳԼȫԳӷ˵ΪҪ쵽Ͳ⣬ɱ۷Ҳ̼顣
ǣӷɱ֣ǽ鷳ǿ֪ġ
ռӷһȭϾҪһͲջˣԼϽӲסӷһȭ
Сֵܣ侲һ㣬ɱǣǲκκôġ
ôҴͲǶвĺôɲҪ
ӷѪѾƿȭҲʱҪͬʱϵ˸ս޼ɣԪҲʱϵˣȫλУˮѹеƳˣѹ֮Ҫһȭĳӷ磬ÿһ˵˰亹
Сӣϴ鷳ġ
ϵ˴󺰣ԭɱӷյӦִеģΪ¹ѧԺǱûзתΪԼִˡһƳԼ¹ѧԺҲ޷
Ȼϵˣս޼ɸԪӲ뿴ӷһȭһǵʱɽ˿ɾͶˣѪӵܣҲױ˷֡
СֵܣΪأ
ӷȻûҪһɲս޼ɻԪѪ䵽˵
ӷһȭ߱ǿаƻ˵ϵˣս޼ɣԪգĸһ֣һܽӷһȭ赲赲סˣǱҲܵ˺ǳƿȭûսף·ġ
ռӷʲôᣬһľҪɱƳˣ̳˳ӷ磬ֱӾʹӺ棬ץס˳ӷļ
ʲô
ӷȻתͷնԼѪаϷ֣ĽϣԻ˺ġ
ʱ˿̣ӷɲգһ⣬ʣԼһˣҪô޷Ԥ֪Σ治ð졣
֮£ӷֻܽһգӷջأƿȭҲȻȻʧˡ
Сֵܣһȭڲܷ
ӷջأϵ˸ս޼ɣԪ˿Ƴȫ㶵վѹ֮ڣһѾˡ
Ϊʲôɱ
ǲɱڲɱ룬һȭȥжԼ˭һȭڷأŵѪӳʱٷȽϺأ
һʣӷ˼ӣھ֮ԳӷһȭҪĵˡ
Ƕ½в½⼸½ķĵˡѪӵһ˳ȥ·еǿߣۼɽǸʱ취½ǿߣǶǶ½𵽺ܴİ
ղΪӷ룬ҲΪԼ³ӷһȭɱƳǣĵ˸鷳ʶ˳ӷһȭóӷһȭھ֮ѪӳʱɱԼ½⣬Ĵ½еļǿߣ˵ǼֻҪܻɱһǶǶ½Ƿǳġ
ӷ侲һѹеƳˣƳǶûô֣ѾӷǿסˣܻŻصǳǵĻһͻὫ˵ȥΪҲǸҪӵѽܲ˵Լɱ˳ӷˣ㱻ӷɱ˰ɣ˵ʲôǳǴȥʲôƳҲûʸȥˡ
˵ûʲôô飬ڣ治̫öЩɱ֡
˶٣ӷѹеƳ˵飬ҿԵûЩˣҲܾߡ
ƳڲŷӦȫڷ
ǰСӣȻӵԼԶԶ󲻵ԼĶ֣˵һԼʮԼҲδܻɱѾδˣӿɶˣ
ϵǰ˵飬͵ûСֵܣ㿴ô
ϵҲѽòԼִȻ쵹ùĿɾԼˡ
ңȽϺáϲƽ˲ңҲˡðҵĻҿԺ˵һǸʱ˻Ҳ˲飬
ϵµѹУƳƳҪˡСӵ˵ҲѾʶˣҪɱǲܵ£οһա
ϵˣٸһס£Ӧģ㲻ִͷֻܻˡ
Ҳû취ѽѧԺǱûÿһ¹ѧԺɼʯҪߣһһ꽫ٶٿʯӦ
Ƴһм̾˿˵û뵽СӾȻǿ˵زǳǵһУĽɫҲָġ
Ƴˣɱˣѡ񣬵һѡƳְλڶǻȥ˵ѾˣҲ취Զ޷뿪ģɱǣҲ뿪ԣ飬ܻ֪
Ƴһ£ʵܱ֤Զ뿪
ȻģɽĽֲǲ֪
Ǻãˣһȥͷ˵ѾˣǲҪй¶飬ˣҲϳˡ
ģȻá
ƳɲҾ֪ӷ᲻һˬٳ֣ΪطԺҲˡ
ϵ˼ȻܸƳı֤ΪɽеĽΪ֪Ƴı£Ƴ͸ɲ˶ã鲻֪ԺҲΪԭ򣬶Ƴ֮λġ
ս޼ɸԪ໥һֻۣǸоӷֲûʶӷĿֲʲôط죬ڸղţǼʶˡ
СѪӣټһգ
˵ûӣڲٶȥˣҪһߣȵõѪ˵
ǾֱӸɣǡ
ϻȻǸˣ˭ѾѪӵˡȵõѪ֮˵ɡ
һʱȥˣڽаɽ飬ҲϵǼ֪˲ôһ¡
˰ҹӷ˶Ѿ˯ˣķѪӵϢȥ
Ѫӳаʱ䣬֮ڣĴ½ǿߣۼɽ
ڳӷҪ˯ʱһ磬ҶڴֱӾ;˳ӷ硣
ʲôˣ
ӷֱ׷˳ȥûжҶڸͲҪĳӷˣоӷ֮ϡ


1956 ͬΪаΪ
ӷһɫӰһ·ֱȥһ·ɽ壬һ̤ʯʹҹɽеҰޣЩνޣȫĴܣ
еƱӷǰĺӰƿһѺۣͨѺֻۣһ¸߹֮ϵգµΧһƬƬǳЩ¹ǹҲͨѺ겻յĲɽУʹߵһɽ屻
ǺɫӰڱ¹ǹɽֹ֮ͣҲû˿ƶӷΪСûֱӽɽ֮ϣǷɽĸ߿УǺɫӰ
ˣû˵һ仰˶ͬһʱͷųǿϢϢ໥֮ײеǵѺٴ˿
ںȻӰǰۼγһѰԲ䵶Щ䵶ӵ㣬ǺɫӰĿ֮£ȫӷȥͬʱΧʯͷľкܶӷδֲϣȫһͬɫϢЩϢҲ˵ЩֲʯͷľڣڣȫǺɫӰۼһγһ޴
ӷоǾ޴֮ڣӵޱǿԪνԪҲı֮׳ƵԪǺɫӰȻۼһ޴ԪԪһǱƷ԰ǧ֮ڣȫᱻΪƽء
Ԫأ
ΪӷѾʶһԪˣڵһʱϳԪأԼյɽսԪء
ǿԪеĳӷ磬ӷȴûܵ˼ûз˼ǽеϢȫջڣ
㲻𣿡
ɫӰ˵ˣԼۼǿɳӷȴҪսűԼһⲻòе֡
ӷ粻ɵĴЦǿûɱĻҲͲκεƻˡǸԪߣ֪ܾۼΧжԪۼģҲһԪˣһ֣һɱûУܿ϶վʲôɣҲҵġ
ӷǰپĥߵģԷ̽ԼɱԼĻ⼸ҲͰ׻ˡ
ȻǺɫӰ潫ջأ׼ӷԪߵҲѾ𽥵ɢȥɽΧָƽеǵѺۣҲȫˡ
һƬڰһĺڰʹɽ˵İְе£ܲϿʼë
Ǹ˼Ұɣ
ӷӰѾվ˺ɫӰǰʮ״û˿ķҲҪ
ž
һ⣬ǺɫӰǰ𣬽ȻɫӰƤ
Ƥӣƽʱһû·ݵĿɼͷղǵȻڵȼһֹ֧̣һڣص³һȦ
ӷЦˣû뵽磬ҲⶫѽһϤĸоϤζ
֪ôҳкιɣ
żɽѻ˵ӷɲһͨ
аͷųģ
ӣƤҲӷתĨǣҲԣǳŰаġ
ΪԲϵǼ֮£ϵǶܼʱɵ㲻ܲС
ƤﲻмһЦ󣬵Цȴ˵˷ǱˣƤֺЦľսڳӷҲǼˣǿҲ٣٣ɱ٣ᱻƤ⺮Цס
ϵˣս޼ɣԪϽǵǸһȫЩĿСɫˣһǸڣ
Ƥ˵ֻǱЩˣɳӷȴᡣ
ѾʶˡĿ֮¶ҷ֪˵ΪҸ˵ɽв½Ĵ½еİɡ
⻰㵹˵ˡϣǿΪ˵ҲͲطˣ
ʲô
ӷؿǴһѣϼһ˵ɽ˶ã꣬պռ˵ĽɫǾǶĴѽ
ҿаɡ
ƤȻһҪ٣ڳӷ˵Ǻġ
ҲʲôʱˣҸϢôԶĵطͷҵа㿴ĿĺΪ
ʱ㲻Ѿʶѵڻʶһ¡
Ȼ
ˣԼһֱݣһǾͱҪˡ
ڰʱҲûɱѽ
ҵ飬޹ءȻĻ꣬ҲԳȫ㡣
ţһҲԼڡǷųаϹͷʶһ°ɡ
ӷе֣ϼһϰԼѵʶһԼааǿ󣬿ֻϹǰӦҲʲôϡɡ
˼ûʱġ˵һõĻ԰һѡڣҪȥϢˡ
Ƥɫʱ䣬ڳӷһתһ̣ٷһȴԪصһ
Ȼ㲻뷢Ǿɡ
¡һתҪȥĳӷȻ󾪣ˣڲ£ȥֱ˵±ߡ
ɫϢΧɽ壬ϢɽеֲȫĨɱʧȥֲ̿ή㣬ϣҲʼðһĺֺɫղȻǡ
֮


1957 ðô
ƤȻɢ֮ô۵ģӷҲƾλ˹ǿĵˣ֪֮Ŀֲ
û뵽Լô֮⣬Ĵ½УȻҲӵ֮
˵֮ӦǳԪ֮Ϊǿ֮һˣƤӵǿΪʲôĴŲɽһأǲøɻĿ󹤣Ҳѽʲôˡ
˵Ƥǵô۵£Ҳܣô˵Щ£Ͳܻôõʱ䣬Ҫ֪ôۣǱȲҪµǿߣռ䲻ͬʱô۵Щôܱ󲻱ɱҲѾˣܻڵġ
ӷԿ϶Ƥôۣǲֱӹϵġ
㵽ʲôˣ
⣬Ƥе㲻ЦʵǺˣ
ӣ£ûûˡ
Ȼ֪·ˣǾͰ˵ģаɣҿаǷתҸղŵ
а֮£˵֮ͨаܱģҲÿһˣԽаת֮
ȻˣǾͿǿҵˡ
ӷٴƤƤǵˣ߻Լĵ˵Ļǽ죬һҪɱܸĴ۶Ҫɱӷ粻Լô֮⣬еӵ֮һΪԼĵˣǾͽһв
ǿаȫ˰ľ飬ӷȻܽʱаȫƺãɽΧھˡ
ƤûаķվԭأڵȴʲôҲڼ֤ʲôƵġ
ɫȫۼɽΧЩаϢаϢʱܱ֮аٽţеаȫΧ˳ӷֻڳӷĽ£УһҲСĿӣЩڣһֻֻγɵĹצ˳

ӷһ֣ΧеֲҲΪһַ²㣬ӷţȫһֻֻĹצ
Ƥղŵֻ֮õһֺ֮һʽ˵ûȫ͵ģ֮ǿԺŵģҪţǱҪô۲ŰĵҲʿŰĵӷ絥ʹ֮Ҳֻʵ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ƤڿƷǳ˷ܣһ˫۾ķǳ󣬿ǰĳӷ磬ЦڵȵˣڻˡҰҵȴʮˣ죬ǵȵͷˡ
ӷƤ˵Щʲôʲôʮ˵ĵȴʲô
Ƥľٶóӷ⡣
°аݼۡ
ϼһȻӷӷʱһʵǺ⣿
ۣ˰ҵʮΪ˵ȴ۵Ĺǰռ׷ɱĴ½Ϊģһ졣
ۣռ׷ɱΪľһ죿
ӷ·Ѿһ㣬ӣʲôаڰԼݵģӦǡôۣӷûĻаô۵һµʲôңԴôʧٺ󣬾һֱųҵ׷ɱ˵ռ׷ɱ
ʮˣհа֮ͣϵȱʱԲ٣һ˻һ꣬ʮ˼һҲʮˣʱ㣬Ӧܸô۳ϵϵ
û뵽ռ䣬ϵˣֱӾ͸ô˹ϵѪӵĳǽ½ǿᣬһξѪ˵ĺ䶯ò˵Ǽһ治һڣһ壬һӷ֪ļ壬ȻΪôۣȴʮ˵ʱ䣬üʮ꣬ϰҲ˵
һǺһǿߣһǺĵһǿߣͬʱ䣬һǿߣռ㾭ô꣬ʱ򣬶ǵսľѽ
ӷ룬ԼòóôأϵĻҲӦõģôôãôðݣѵܹ𡣿ԼôۣȲôռǺǻϢһ˳ȥô۸ǿߣԼ𡣵ϵĻⰾаҲݵģԼ֮Ҳ֪ôȥ͡
Ȼкô飬ӷǲģаѽ˵ȴôۻģˣҲһǳ͵ǿߣԼܵõһǿߵռķչǾġ
Ȼӷ绹Ҫǵһ£ǾǣЩ˷֣ԼͲôָۣǺãЩˣ᲻ڹؼʱ̵أ
ϸһ룬ô۸ƨţأԼռ䣬ҲǰǱģѵõǵĶ˲ɡ
뵽⣬ӷһЦ˵û뵽뿪ôãȻԼ˴ڡ
аһӷ⻰ͷѽ
ۣڻˣڻˡ
ˣɡ
аʵۣ£ȥʲôطΪʲôѶûУǵˣڣѾ˻ȥķˡ
ȥʲôطѽҲ֪Լȥʲôط£۾˳ΰ㣬ڣȻѾˣҲˡ
ۣõ۹ǲǸٴˣ
ôۣô۵ʵڵ꣬ҲռΪӴʵռ䣬һĴ½
ô𣿽ʱͬˣռľƣҲѾȫͬˣҪֵ֮ɲһʱܰ쵽ġ
ףЩȻǵ۹ʵˣǰңڰнһ֧ǵҲΪ˵ȴĹ
Ŷڣ
û½֮Уǰҵȴڵ¡
ӷˣĺôǶԼպķչʹˡ
ɳӷЩЩʲôʱͻȻһӰӷһת˵աȻȥ飬͵û۵ĹҲ֪
ǣף»һᣬۻ㱨Щģ


1958 ǿ
û뵽յռ䣬ΪѺ͵ɽ󹤲Ǽѽ෴˴ˡ
Ȳ˵ոս޼аѾǸǿˣǰڰ½Ȼӷڻ޷ȥ϶⽫һôȻۻģҲСȻΪҪǣаѾ϶ӷôۣ㣬ڳӷô۾ԼڣѾΪѣڲڲ֪ıʲôأ
ӷȥܲôۣôıȥ˭ҲԼͷϣԼ͵ںǱˣ񷶦ǳӷ࣬ģǲ񷶦˵ʵǲ񷶦ԭôۣһҪռݳӷΪãвǣҲʲôˣһֻǵȴųӷǱˡ
˵һΪߵģãǮУô۵ֺγˣǰǿȴȫҪӷȥ飬ҲǱеıˡ
Ϊκ˷ְаԼ֮Ѿһ͹ϵӷааȥڽϵ飬øκ˵ӷ綼Ÿаʶܶ飬еΪǿġˣܲô۵ǿߣӦþһɺռ䰵еǿһ֣ͿռǿΨǴӣҲΪµġ
Сֵܣû°ɣ
վԲǸӷģܹ֮Ӧġ
ûʲô¡
ղŵʲôˣ
Ҳ֪׷ͲӰˡ
㶼׷ˣǹǸĽɫӦǳɱǵġ
ƲᡣǸʲôƳγ˿ȥԼӡֻҪǲǳˣͲ鷳ˡȻǲǴطҲûʲôˡ
յ˵ͷ˵ˣҸմȥϢѾ½ʱ½ǿߣۼɽСֵܣô
㣬ѪӣûȤ
⻹𣬲˭õˣȻҲ⡣
Ǻãҿ㱣֤Ѫӵ󣬻㡣
ңЦˡҰѪӵϢȥǼģȫǺĴ½ĶǿߣЩǿߵǰֻ֣Сɫˡ
ȫҿڰɡ
ô˵
һЩȻǿ󣬵޷϶ϢԴ֮ǰǾ޷жϢǼ١Ѫв½ҪǿߣҲֻв½ĸ½ֲɵӣѵǾͲв½µһȦ𡣡
˼˵в½⣬Ĵ½Ƕ½ڣǿ㳲ˣ
ôһ飬ͿǿȫۼĻҾͰЩνǿ߹Ƶ̫ˣĸ½ֻһЩͨǿߣǿߣ֡
ǿ߲֣ôһʲô𣿡
ӷЦһ˵Ϥҵˣ֪µֶθʵ˵ʵҶѪӣû˿Ȥθ£ֻΪ˹ˡ
ˣʲôˣ
ҵļˡ
˵⣬շǶڳӷļͥȤʵСֵܣǶ½鱨ԱǶǧѡģÿһ鱨ԱҪһ׵ļͥ߼塣СֵֶܵΣͷ˵ԲССģ֪Сֵĸſ
⣬ӷ绹治ûش𣬾˵ˣҲܻ֪˵նɵġ
ֻǾþɽеһӵܰˡ
ӵܣȻģȻ˶֪ӷ˵ҲǶյͷ
û뵽ջҪɳʵˡ
Ƕ½壬Ҳ֪һЩʵɽңɽ׼ΪСֵճ壬һû
ССˣȻûˣûһг۵ˣ
Ϊ˴ռȥӷֻǷǶ½ĵһ鱨ԱŹ½飬ǳ˵֪ʲôط
ۣҲճ֪Сֵʲôϵ
Ҹס
ԭ𡣲ҴδŹ֣ҲԿ϶˵½Уû˴ڡȻ֮СֵܾͲˡ
ۼȻѾ˺ռ䣬ǾͲܻ֮˵ʲôµ׷һ嶼ûС
ѵ˵۸ͲĴ½
ѽ˵ںĴ½ģΪʲôû֪أ
ʱľش򿪺֮ţ۽ľصСʶǴξѾ߹ӷ磬ǺĴ½Ϊʲôû۵أ
ǿʨأû
ҲûССֵܣ֪ʲôطҵǿ԰һ¡
ϻ֪ʲôط
ֻ֪֪ɽѾˣѶȫޡ
ڳӷȥڤ֮ǰĺռ䣬ʱ㣬Ѿˣʱ䣬Գ۵Ĵ½
ѵ۳ˣ
Բܣۿ޵еĴڣʲôط޵еĴڣܳ£ǳӷ绹Ǿ緵صȽϰȫˡ
Ĵ½ǿ˭
ӷʵĺãʵ˶סˡ
ôҲ֪
ǿģ˵ÿһ½һǿĴڣв½˵ɣǿˣ¹ѧԺĳϻ᳤򴨣˼¶棬ֻҪв½ΣʱŻ֡ϲ½ǿģͨ½ǿģǵ³ǵĹѰ½ǿģǱȵıġǶ½ǿģʥŮʥŮ衣ⶫУǿߣνĴ½Ҫ֮䣬δ֣Ҳв¹ѧԺİһ¶棬¶ˣʸϵĳǵҲָ
˵ǿߣûһԼĸйϵҲйϵֶô¶ˣܸʨֿ˰ڷһλϣ
̾˿˵ҲСֵЦʵв½ҪҵŮˣǰ򴨵ĹŵӣҲǳǿ֮Ĵ½һˣǣ
ӷ硰һ˵¹ѧԺϻ᳤Ĺŵӣв½һǿߵĹŵӣ˵ǣ㵨ӻǲСѽΪ½ˣܵв½׷һǿߵĵӣ·ܼգ
ԽսԵԽϲ
ãȻҪսһ棬Ҿͷ㵽ףһ㡣
ǾȶлСֵˡ

֮䣬Ҫ̫Ŀףеʱһ񣬾ܱһС


1959 ۼ
ȥˣ죬ǲɽѪӳʱ䣬ڣв½Ҳ˵仯Ӧ˵Ǳ仯ֻ˵Ƿ˵顣
ǳǣ¹ѧԺ
θҶڰ칫˵ɫ൱ѿΪ飬еæҡ
磬ãϢ滹Ǽ٣
Ҷǰһ裬ܲжãûȥȡ
ҶҪıĶ࣬ĵλҲܱҶҪһ
ν޷粻ˣͻȻϢ˹Ϊ֮ĻϢܴ֮졣ˣص㣬ѧԺĿ󳡣пܣϢ֮ˣǿ֮ˣпѧԺˡ
˼˵ѧԺ߿Ǳڼ飿
һڼ飬ҲϢֻһżȻĻᴫȥġ룬Ϣģ˭ɵ綼֪ľѪһ׵õܲȶȥҪðɡ
ϢǼٵأ
ϢǼٵģ鷳ˡضˣҪ£в½һȷѪꡣ
ϣϢĻǼٵģ
Ҳ˵֮Ĵ½Уǿв½ЩҲɵӣ뵽ģĴ½ͬĵеǿȫܹģӦֻһЩͨǿߣһӵĶѡ
ھǳĴ½˽ǹĽһҲǡ
ȻûǸҪЩ˸Ͳ֪ϢԴΪϢֱӴȥġ˵ھͶǵĻǾ֤ϢǼٵģв½ĸ½ˣҲĸ½в½ʦԣǲҪκεķߵǵǰ
ʱ򣬰칫ҵ
οЦһ˵Ųţڣݷˡ
ӿ治Сҵ뿴ķˡ
Ŵ򿪣һʦ˵λΣ˵ҪݷǶλ
Ȼ˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵Ŷ磬ûвܲ٣ЩһҲ֪ܲ˭
ɡ
ǣΡ
һĹֻ˽˰칫ң˵ͶǺܴڽ칫ҺҶǳò
½ԱҶλǰ
òʵŸ߰ԳԳƹԱ֮Ĳ࣬Ҳ̫˵ɡ
ˣ½ˣӣӦòʲôҪĽɫ½ģҲΪףĴˣǲݷõģǰֻ̽һ¹ѧԺʵˣͬѧԺҲȥݷã棬ȥݷá
½в½ǿ԰ǵɿ˿֮ǵжԵĹϵűϾǿˣΪ˵ģȻҲ˵ӡ
˵ί񣬲һſھһѷ̻߽
ιȻ鴫½в½ҲûǴκ鷳ҽǰݷõĿģӦɣ
Ȼܲ
Ҷ˵֪Щʲô;ʰɡ
֪ģӦҲǸղ۵顣ڲµľѪϢ滹Ǽ٣
Ҷ˵һ˵λǰҲӶλĿеõʵĻشֻ֪Ĳɽ᲻¹ѧԺˡ
ҲֱӣĲɽ¹ѧԺˣǾ˵Ϣ¹ѧԺҲǸո֪ģǱض˸һɽҲû֣Ҫ¶֣Լˣ͵¹ѧԺ첻ɽ˵ʲôžɵϣӦĵɡ
½ϣǽɽǲϣǽ룿
˵ʵǵȻǲϣˡǲɽϢضǼٵģ¹ѧԺ˴ļϢô˵ǲɽҲ¹ѧԺĿ󳡣
֮⣬¹ѧԺɽĴ½нһԸв½ˣ
ֱӷʵ
ûΣЩΪΪǣԹ½֮ĹϵĺܡĴ½֮䣬ΪϵĹϵһͬʱв½͹ˡ
Сӣ⻰Ҳ̫˰ɣҲʲôطǲǲȥˡ
Ҷһʱڰ칫⣬˼ʦ
½ˣҶŭʦһҲţ෴ǳɡ
ǽ¹ѧԺǽʲôλǰѵ֪𡣡

Цһ˵Ȼǽɽ˲ųѽڵˣ治ˣҲʵ˵ɣϢ٣ԼҲ֪ԣ죬¹ѧԺԼѧԺˣɽʱǸǻɣ


1960 
½ͬһʱõϢǲɽߵŵ֪µġΪЦǣε¼ƫƫڲɽɽĵһϵˣȴһֱڹ
ϵյ¹ѧԺǱߵĴ˶סˣ¹ѧԺϵ⼸ڽеĿȫѺҪκεĹε֮󣬲˵ġ⣬ϵ˻Ҫȫɳȥ½˽ɽ֮ǰϢԴԼʵȲɽУǲвһξѪ£еĻ뾡һа취һдۣǸطãѪһϵߣϤɽģҲܵһʱõѪӡϢǼٵģɽиͲʲôѪӣʲôľѪϵ˾ʲôøˣֻҪ󹤿þˡ
飬Ϊʲô﹤˽ǧ꣬δ˵
ϵ˸еԻԻڼǰǼ˯ˡɵ鷢ͷһյϢ治֪ô졣
ϣǸô죿Ϣģε鷳ɾʹˡ
鷳鷳Ҳ
ϵ˻δ꣬ͻȻһ룬ϢģԼΪɽĹߣѪ䵽˱˵Σɳе𣬲һξѪǽͳһôǿߣϵס
УϢģǾͲ˵õ¹ѧԺҪõ֣򣬲ңǣ󳡵ʲô󹤣ͳͳġ
ǱߵֶΣϵ˺ε鲻ǹһδǿߵ⣬ͬʱϵһ⣬ʵҲǸ⣬Ǿӡ
ģһ߹ߣԼϵĵط䵽˵һԼͲûˣԼϵĵطסʣǳǵľ񣬻һôķȥסЩνĹߣܱסЩ˵һ˽ЩνĹߣһʱѽ
ϣҪ׼ˡϢģ䵽˱֮ѧԺ棬һŹǵġ
ϵ˵˵ͷ˵ǧʱ䣬ûйͣҲп͵ġһεʧˣѧԺȫжҵжЩ˵˶·һѧԺֶΣΪ
ϣͿָ·ɡһʧܣǸô죿
ܣ
ϵûκεķϻܣҪܣԼҲҪܣ
ܣܵ𡣱ˣɽеĽǶЩõģЩԱҲõġֻҪ治⿪Ľ˭ܲˡ
ϵ¿ɾˣһҪǾͲԼһѽ
ǴҶǸҶĺ֣⣬һȥǵġ
Ȼϵ˶˵ˣЩ»˵ʲôֻϣε飬ҪǣͺˡȻϢǼٵģǾòˡ
׼һ°ɡһ˾ҪɽˡȽ󹤹ѺʱʲôӡҲ֪ÿһ󹤣ǵ֮ûκһˣܵ˱˵ָָ㡣
һСʱ֮ϵ˵ˣѾеĿ󹤸ټȻӷҲڡ
ֵܣ㿴ϵ˽˽һ𣬻᲻Ϊ£
ⲻҪ룬ϵǣһõϢġδϢȥǷĵطŵõϢҹϵѽﲻඡ
ǻô
ôЩ˵ķȽЩ󹤸Ѻʲô¶ˣȻϵɽѰѪڵλãҵ֮󣬾֤ʵϢԡ
ӷ˵꣬ϵҲѾ˵ˣҪκεֱӾͽˡ
˵ɽУȻŲһξѪξѪ컯ΪһѪӣ˭õѪӣΪһǿߣЩ˵ģҲȻ˷
Ȼˣɫʮѿս޼ɸԪ˵˫ۣҲͬһʱ䣬ϵ˵ϣתƵ˳ӷյϡ
ô
ս޼ŭԼ꣬ۿѪӾҪˣɾڳ֮ǰϢй¶˳ȥң½ǿߣȫв½Ҫɽˡ
һһϢȥġУҸƴˣ
ûϵǱѾеȫ˹ڶֵĻ¹ѧԺͻ֪ģ
ô꣬ѽѵͿѪ֮𡣡
ȻܣҲǶֵʱҿӷСӣô͡ȵϣǾֱȥǱߣȴѪӳ֮⣬Ȼ֪ѪɽҲ֪λãɽв½һɽҵѪӣҲһʱ̵顣
ǺãͰ˵İ졣
ϵ˽еĿ󹤹Ѻһ֮ÿһ󹤵ﶼͬһ뷨Ǿǣ뽫ӹǰԣڣ̫ܡͱ˿ѪЩˣǸʵ
ս޼ɸԪͬʱӷߣΪѺĵطǳһ޴ҶҶڻΪ˺ܶСҶҶɢڲͬҶС
ӷ磬Сӿ湻յģ㣬ŽѪӵ㣬ȴϢ˳ȥǸƴˡ
ӷһֹסս޼ɣ˵Ҫģһ㡣侲һµĻҵǿԽ͡
ͣôͣǴӦǣὫ¸˵ģڣĴ½ˣ֪ˣ
ӷЦһ˵еӺòãһɽУŽȥ̫ܣʣôѪӵȥ˵ˣϢ綼֪ˣҸôͨǾãǿܽϢô𣿺Ĵ½֮󣬾ǷɣҲҪ˴꣬ϢĴݣ͸Ӳڼ֮ڴ½ˡ
ӷ֪ս޼ɸԪ֪ϢԼԼҲôӦˡȻӷ˵ҲҪһϢ½ûиһʱ䣬ǾԲܣڼ֮ھʹ顣ӷ绹֪յ쵽ô쵽ģڼ֮ڣϢ½鱨ʲô
˵ˣֲɵӣѪǺε֮ĴעĻֱɱˣǶ̾ͺˣбҪôĳ棬˶𡣡
Ԫһ£˵˵ҲûûκεĺôǵĻϢôй¶ģ
ӷ˵ֻһܡ
ʲô
Ѫӵ飬һʼ֪ˣͲܣҲֻ¹ѧԺĸ½ҲУ½ܻͬʱܹ
ս޼˵ôˣһڣǾͳȥأѪһǵһʱᵽֱ֣ӷֿˣ˭Ҳˡ
ӷ˵ѪӼȻǲľѪãһƽƽȻǹâɣֻҪв½ʲôλãܿâòá
˵ڸô죿
ĿǰѪӵϢǴˣѪʲôط֪ҿǸͲҪżңɽˣҲܻȥѰѪӣֲɵϣһѪֵĵطպԼûȥĵطȴǱȥĵطЩ˲Ϳˡ
˵Ҳûǵ׸ô죿
ң췲ɽģۼһȥѰѪӵģǣֻҪǵУ취ǵ·ߣҲѪ֮ѪӼǰһ̣취ѿЩˣͿԵһʱõѪ𣡡
ţǾͰ˵ϣûƭǣȻҲҪһ𡣡


1961 Ⱥɽ
ɫ죬ҲѪӳӣʱ䣬ֻս޼ɸԪ˲
ϵϲ˯ţһֱ룬Ѫӵģ䵽½Լô졣ܣǾܲ˵ģɽеĽֻгܽ⿪ΪȻγɵģ֮ǰҲǵǵڶεǳгµģԭΪ˱òɽеĿʯЩҪ͵ȡʯܽȴܳ¹ѧԺӹ˲ɽ֮ͳΪ¹ѧԺеˣг¹ѧԺԺֵܣǹһףôô
̫ոɽͷϵ˴Щ£ȫۼȵƽ̨ϡ
һˣؿ󹤣ǳʱڣκһܳ鷳
ϣһɡ
ѾԸˣʵ˭õģٲҪȥ½еЩǿߣϾɽôõˣǶĸ½в½ԼˣɽĹԱʲôɫǲġ
ϵҲûȥѡ񣬷ԼǲģȻ˵Ҫؿ󹤣Ȼǵͷͬ⡣
ص֮⣬ˣȫҳɽӭӸǿߡ
һٶˣȫϵˣɽڴǲĵȥ
ڲĵǰѾۼ˺ܶˣ˵ҲѽЩˣȫ½ͬǽȻˣһҪѪӵϢ滹Ǽ٣ģҪһд۵õǼٵģҲҪڵһʱ뿪в½Ľ֦
ȻУв½ԼڣҲһвδ¶ǿڲɽ֮⣬ЩǿߣʱǲģһȵȷѪӵϢ֮Ż֣ϢģЩǿ߳ʱǼٵģҲҪԼˣκһռ˱ˡ
в½ķ棬ĸ棬ȻĴѧԺˣһûҲ˵ˣв½ǿߡ
θҶΣ¹ѧԺߴͷģǵλԺûг֣ΪĴѧԺʱҲԽԽˣܲΪһܲȷϢԺҲܹɣ͸˵¹ѧԺЩˡ
ѧԺˣϴγѲֵЩˮǣͷģҲǵʱǼʦǺܶࡣ
ĸ½ֱڲͬλãȫв½ˣҲʼ
ҿεϢһǼٵģ㲻ͷΪʲôҪôܹ
Լã
ԼѽϢģв½ǳǵ˿ֻôһ𡣡
Ҳ˵ˣв½ĻΪһɽ·ֻһû´ĻǳǺܶˣѾӱ·ɽˡ
Щ۵ͬʱһԵĺ侲Ƿ˵ǳв½ٵһҲʮңдͷģȻǸŮˣӦ˵һŮŮȥǳȸ˵֮
ѧ㣬㿴Щ˵ѪӶûǵ۾ѾˣϢģѪӳǻƴѽ
һվŮߣˣǲм
Ůһۺɫ˿£˫ʱѾÿһϲͣɨˡ
ܽĽΣǧҪסֵģϢģܵõѪãǼٵģǴʱʲôҪҲκε
Ů˵ĻվߵˣЩͿȥܶˣӡ
ʵв½ģʲôѪӡ
ѧ㣬˵¸¾ǳĴѧԺĴˣ飬ӦþǼɣ
ûӦö֪½һУѾȫµ½ѧԺ޳ӣϲ½ǻѧԺľȻ½ǹѧԺĲʢв½¹ѧԺ̫һЩˣҲֽ½ŵĻ⣡˶ڲ²⣬֮䣬һǿģв½ȻҪʶһ¹ѧԺ̫һˡ
˵Ǳ½һе䣬ѧǱɽѧԺ衣
ԱһŮ˵ѧ㣬ˣҲǴ½ǿߵļ̳ˣôǿߴδ֣Ҳ֪ǿе˭µһµһǿǲܳˣȻȻģҪ䵽ȫһǿϡ
Ů˵ֻϧѽûԵֳΪǿߵĵӣ򣬾Ϳͽʦ޵еıˣ
ôǼȻв½ҲѪӵϢǼ٣ĴѧԺ䣬Ҫģ˵죬һ䣬Ҫȫµ棬һϸˣǸʱǳԺ䣬ѧ˵һǳõĻᣬ̫һĵϸ
̫һһսģⲻ̫ܡв½֮ǰԺѾǵ򲻵ѣܸǳĴѧԺͻ
ۼǱ½ɽѧԺѧͣȻܴǸŮһŮȻȳȣʵѵѽ
ʱϵѾˣ߳ɽڣ˵ǰ
ҶһǰϵҲһɬʺá
λΣȻѾˣھɽɡ
ϵˣߵôˣʵ
һϣûҵ
Ϣ滹Ǽ٣
Σɽһǧˣδ˵£ҿǼٵġ
Ǽٵãģǰͽһ½֮Ĵս˶ע㣬һЩֹֹֹԼĵϣҲܳԿˡ
ףҶѾźˡ
˵в½ˣʱԽɽ˰ɣ
Ѿ˴ˣ˵λȻҶѾˣȻҪȥһ̾ġҲӦö֪ɽУһȥˣûõг֮ͬǰǾ޷뿪ģ˵λĵȴһ£ھͷгҾͿԽȥˡ
û뵽гȻҲ˵ԣϵˣлˡ
ߵ˲ĵǰ˫һ֮У˻ͬɫĹâ
ӡ⡣
ֻžһ·һ׵еƣʱɢʹո̫ɽ
ɽ걻ţΪĹϵڽѽ⣬ɢ⣬Ȼ˽ʱ˿̣Ҳ겻յɽˣ
λѾҪȥѰѪӵģǳǾԲɽʲô£˵ǰͷǳǣҲԲ𡣴Ҿรɡ
ûľʾˣȫȿֺĽɽ


1962 
½ѾȫɽΪϵˣȻȽǴϢĵطҲ̶ߣΪɽ̶֮⣬κһطΣա
λӢܣȻҶΪͬһ¶֮ǰҲҪȳԱӡѾΪ׼ʳˮҳԱ֮ڽɽѰҴҪĶɡ
ϵһҲˣȻѾ⿪µʱѪ䵽½֣֮£Ҳڵһʱɽв½
ǵʱ䶼Ǻܱģ˷ѡʳˮԼˣв½ҲϻھͽɽѰѪӰɡ
Ĵ½ˣͲв½ģ׼ʳˮԲ˻Ժȡ
ȻϵҲϵղ˵ҲӰˣֱܲӽЩ˵ǵˣĻЩһȺ֮ԼһôûС
һ˴ɽҪһǲνǴѣķһʱɽģÿһ˶ӵģֻ֪в½ˣ˽
˵ȻҶôǾͲ˷ѴҵʱˡҪôңҵ⣬в½ˣһȸλѡ÷֮ȥңҲΪ˲ôһɵв½
Խ˵ԽǾв½й˭ֻɵĻȥѡһѰѪӡ
Ȼв½ĵ̣Ƕв½Ϊ¹ѧԺˡȽɽѰѪӣҿ¹ѧԺȶɣЩ˾͸¹ѧԺˣ¹ѧԺûҵѪӣǾ˵ϢǼٵģҵˣǵʱ͸ƾ°ɡ
Ҳ֪ķĽ飬Ľ飬Ҳġ
ɵϲŻȥԼѡһ򣬾ѧԺѧԺҲ
ЦһһҶ˵Σӣ¹ѧԺҪͷˡ
ЩһﲻǵģҲ֪Ϣ٣ΪЩһģǾʹһͷɣǸǵĺ档
⣬ҶϵһѾСɽǾͽϵҵЩطһ飬һϢģЩһҲҲѪӣѪӻǳǵġ
˵ͷ˵ע⣬ģЩһҲҵ
ȻѾˣǾͲҪ˷ʱ䣬Ϣ˵Ѫӣڽ֮ڳɾʱ䣬û֪
˴˽ɽ֮ڹѺ󹤵ҶڣӷҲѾЩ˵ӰˣʱҲǳӷǼȥʱˡ
ǳȥɡ
ڣôȥ
ʵ
ĳȥɽеĽѾ⿪ˣҪ뿪ˣ뿪ɽУʣһˡ
ӷתҶڵп˵λɵʱˡɽеĽѽ⣬Ҫǳǣ뿪в½ɴԼ
ʵûҪʱ뿪Ҫԭǣ뿪ЩҲ֪úȥδӣصǳǣǶֱͻģ뿪в½ǵǱв½֮Լ֮
ߣߵȥ
ж־ķѵһӴһӵĿǴȫһһǿߣţֻҪ׿в½ݣܵʲôطǶǸ˲š
˼ǣҪǱв½
Ψһĳ·ҲǴһȫµв½ôǵģѵЩǻˡѡʱ뿪ǳǣ뿪в½ȥѰԼͨҲ߳ƵĹ٣Ƕǵһ֮䡣ھͽҶ򿪣ˣ߲ߣǵ£
Щ˵ȥӷֱӾͽҶʯƿˡ
޴ıը̶ʯ裬濴صˣҲȫһֻ˺Ҫ£ֹ

һѪ⣬ֱӽ̶סֻѪ֮ڣ֮䣬صһˣȫˡ
ҪԸЩصļһҲֻգۼ飬ɱǣʮּ򵥡
ս޼ɸԪһ˳ͬʱҪɽȥȴոֹסˡ
˵ȻЩ˵ĶУҪ
ʱѾˣѪӽڽ
İɣȻֵţȻĵҲӦѪӣ䵽ֵ֮ġ
գô˵ҲһѵôС𣿡
Ƕ½ĿţҲԱ֤ĺĴ½ϣһϸ֮أһеҲҪϴˡ
ս޼ɸԪ໥һۣǲųӷ磬ɼȻ˶˵ûвŵĵⲻΪոӷһģյͷڸӷ
ˣλڴҶѾˡɴҪѡɣٴγΪͿԼѡˡ
ӷ粻ս޼ɸԪЩˣȫ뿪Ϊ
ҪҪңѪӵ飬Ǳȥʲôע⣬Ͼ̫࣬ΪһѪӣˣֵ̫ˡɽڣûյĵŴҶӦöΪֻһ
ӷɲϣ˻ȥѪӵ⣬ЩҲԼѺô꣬ڵõɣȥʲôѪӣ˵ʵԸ⡣
СֵܣյĶ飬ҵȼзǷ֣ҵȶ𡣡
˿ʼмӷ磬óӷҲ٣ǲȥ֡
ǵԼģǵľҲǵδûκιϵˣϻˣӺɷ򣬶ʹһ㣬һպûлټͿԵְɡ
СֵܣǾʹ˸ˡ
Ѿֱӳɽڷȥаȴǰ˵ӷֹҲȥɣȥ飬£㲻ùˡ
ӷ˼ԣаа뿪ȥǰЩڰһҪв½ȴһҪȫۼ
а˫ֱȭ˵ౣأʹ˱


1963 벶ȸں
ɽϵȻϤģǧΪ¹ѧԺĿʯԼĿ󹤣·ȻʺϵģҲĵģв½ȫǻʲô
ѧ㣬ⶼѾСʱˣôûɽڴһһ·ɽиеҲ
½߽ɽģͱɽѧԺѧͷȻѧ㣬ǱѧԺǿߣһδ֡
ڱ½ж½Ҳв½һÿһΪӵģһĺӣЩѧԺȻӵĵطԣĸ½ѧԺĹעΪҪģҲΪģ˵½гֵǿߣǿڣȫǴӸ½ѧԺ߳ģûκһѧɲţ߱ʲôָɲŵģνĸˣҲȫѧԺ
迴˿ΧĻ˵ɽ˵ɲٳģ֮֮ûһݣƽѧЩҲ̸ֽˣɽж೤ʵûͳƳ
ѧ㣬һֱȥҲǸ취ѽѪӽͻǻûҵǡ
ѧ˵꣬ӻѾˣв½ˣڴǵתû´Ļ⼸ѾΧȫұˣûҵѪӣھͰҹ·һ顣
ѧ㣬ȻˣǾûҪˣ˷ʱ䡣
ΪڴһѾ߹·Ǿ˵Ϣ٣в½Լ֪ҲųϢв½ɢġ
ѧ㣬Ҳ̫˼
˼˵Ѫڵĵطǲɽв½ĵ̣Ϣȴв½ɢģв½ڴһѾѰ·ߣϢͼпġ
ģģǾƾǼˣܵõѪ𣿡
νпܣǾһֿܣϢ٣δѪ֮ǰܰٷ֮ٵȷһǼٵģǽ£һıѪӵ飬½ǿȫһԽ½ǿȫɱ
֧ѰѪӵĶ飬ѾֹͣǰôˣҲҪϢһµġ
ȻķҲˣȴûһ˵ȫţںܶ˿һСѾͷķͲҪϣͺˡҲЩ˾˵еֻ̫˵ѡ
ѧ㣬ɱЦѽʲô˻ôĵӣ½ǿȫҲûǸ£½ǿȫɱѽ
ܶ飬ɱˣһҪȻĻ֮Ĳ²⣬Ķǣ໥ɱǱʹ
ѧ˼˵Ǹı֮ˣ½ǿ໥ɱˣ
ûԴǧҪСģҵѪӣǱ½ҲҪᡣ
˿̣ӷˣѾһɽͷϣɽ£½
գСѾͷǺηʥ
ȻԶӷҲ˵Ļ
ϸһ·裬һˣ˵ǵĴӦڱ½ġѾͷ͸ûӦþǱ½ɽѧԺһ
½һ䣿
裬Ǳ½ʸ̳б֮ˣССͣΪף˵Ӷ磬ǸԪߡ
Ѿͷе˼Ȼ£ͷͷǵҵĿģҲˡˣã
ǳͣӷȴϣɣӰӣһʮŮˣҲһǳĻŮˣŮΪ£ܳΪԼ˵ĻǾǸ޴в
˼ǡ
ǲͷǾͱڰУܷر½պ󣬶Ϊĵ֮һ
ӷ˵ģȻԼĴУǸ½ĴС
ֵܣ˵䲻ѾͷȽͻС
ΪСҪնɱҡУɳǻ˵ã
˵ҲûǾͿ׼ʱڻ֮Уɡ
ţˣս޼ɣѪӵʲôطҲӦ˵˰ɣ
ս޼һ£鶼ѾزôѪӣԼԪǵõѪӣҲסģ˳ӷʹࡣ
ѪӸͲЩˣߴ·ҲµĲĻӦϵ˹·ģ·ϾѾ߹һˡ
Ԫ˵ѪڵλãɽģһƬ޴С
Щˣһ෴·ˡ
ûԣǱ·
̫ˣûѾͷ˵Ѿµϵںˣѵ˾ɵһ·ߵѽɣʮӣЩˣҪı·ˡ
ʱ򣬴ϵǵĺ󷽣һѪ˼׷󺰵ϣϣˣˡ
ϵˣȫ׷ǻѪ˵˵ϣ˻Ϊɱ˹ȫ˷׼
ϵǰˣʵ㲻ǿؿ𣬵׳ʲô£
ϣǱߣˡˣ˽еĿ󹤣ȫȫˡ
ʲô
ҶǴһѣʲôôĵӣп󹤸ˣ
ʲô˸ɵģʵ
֪̣֮䣬ǵˣȫɱˣֻһˣסһ
֮䣬ȫɱ֪ʲô˸ɵģҲ̫˵ɡ
飬飬顭
ʱ˷ƣȫɽ߾ۼ
ҶԼ۾
ô
ãôˣ
ɽĽ֮ǰˣڣΪʲôˣ
ˣ뿪ɽһȫͳȥˡ
ˣˣѾȫˣȥˣ
磬˵⵽ô£֮ǰ㲻Ѿ˽Ϊʲôˣ
λ侲һ£Ҳ֪˵
˵ʲôģֻ֪㻹ܲܽ
ҡͷֻһ֮ǰѾùˣ޷ʹáҷģֻҪǵ˵ʱûسǵĻгһ˹ģҲٴν
ɽͷϵĳӷɽĽҲˣǣ֪ôһ£ԣ£ûϵ
ˣȻᷢ飡
ӷЦһ˵벶ȸںΣΪˣ


1964 ҿʼ
ɽٴαţ
еƣͬٶȾۼ֮ڵ·֤ȶԣ֮µȺΪٴһɫǳѿ
֪ɽÿһˣǿߣǸѧɫҲٮٮߣرǱ½裬һͷ侲²ŵɽĽʱ͵ǿߣǿߣеһֲ벻ĸо
ΪʲôΪʲôǿʮ
ҶɵۣɽĽģԽ󣬽Խǿ֮ǰĽǳгڼǧǰģʱгȻûڸˣǽȻҲͣǸ׶ΡĽȴ֮ǰǿʮҲ˵֮˵ǧǰǳгҪǿʮˣǿеǿѽǳǣҲ
磬˵⵽ô£
Ѿˣ֮ǰĽģЩ˿ٴģȻҲ硣ֻ˵һıĳﻹԩѽĵô£
λұ侲飬ѾҵϡгרԱҵģȻѾȥȻǲ
˼˵ǳûϵˣ
ʵʵǳйϵĻҲҪǳǵ뿪ɽѽʱҪ֪ҶǳǶݵλǳߵĽɫǳûҪΪĴ½һЩͨǿߣȥ¹ѧԺΣĿǰ˵Ͳܻġ
λӣǽмˡʲôľѪʲôѪӣǳǵı뽫Ȼ󲻷Ѵ֮ĽȫԴĴ½е
Ҳ֪ĸ½ˣͻȻһ仰仰Ҳ˶ǳǵķŭ
ҶԸɱҪĶ࣬վЩָ
˵䲻ģЩĽɫǳǻûڹеʱǧҪԼ̫صģ³ܱҵġ
Ҷһ仰ʹЩ붯ֵǿߣҲͲסˡ

˭
Ҷ
ǲԾ£ҲϻҵģֻҪұ侲־ͺýֻҪԼǳǵ˶ûϢǳǱȻ˹һֲɽĽֱˣǧǰгõĽǿʮϾǹôõʱ䣬ǳгͣǸ׶ΣҪٴνҲǾ̧֮顣
Ҷһ㣬ǵȲǳǱˣɽ֮ڣͽչһѪս
顭
Χһʯһǿƶ£ұ˳
һԪߣȸҶ֡
Ҷ˫һ٣Χеȫ˹ǴԪһΧɽȫ
粻ȥҶ˿ɲῴ¹ѧԺ˽ʱ֮䣬ʮˣֱӶսҶһˡ
ҶΪ¹ѧԺĸΣΪԼǲ˵ģ٣ʮˣҪʲô
ȫɣȻѾˣǽ죬ҾͰ˵Щһͳͳɱ
ҶһʮӢ²ò˵ǿɼΣӢֻ˵çΪˣ΢е뷨˾ĵڽ飬Ͳܸǳйϵͬе뷨ҲȥֹⳡһʮĴսֻҪԼûϵʹɣͬھá
ֹסǱ½ɽѧԺѧ˵Ǵʲô֣˼Ҫ˼ҵ£Ǳ½Ϸɡ
ѧ㣬ǶѾɽˣѵһ㶼𣿡
ΪʲôҪǿڳɻǳǵˣԼ˱ȺŹһҲġ
һתĲ磬һǱߣŮһʮĴսԹۣ
Ǽǲ¹ѧԺģ
Ǳ߿űʵ
ǣڽɽڣû¹ѧԺһ𡣡
ûдϹ
С
һ£ʲôˣرǸĮСӡ
һŮóһǱʼǱıӣٵڱϻ˼£ͼһݷݵϣǱϡ
ѧ㣬Ƕв½ǳѧԺġ˵Сӣˮ£ѧԺļҲǳһеٮٮߣ̫һǵöࡣ
迴ˮ£ˮµǷ侲еһԾǾ֮ͬ£Լ޹ƵģҲǸԼͬԪأԪء
ҿӦò̫һЩ˲̫ѽûв
ĺһ¡ѧ㣬Сӵ滹СѽеԣСѧǰȻյ¹ѧԺر뺯
ʲô¹ѧԺر뺯ǿֻмеļӣ¹ѧԺŻᷢ뺯ģ
ѽΪ˼ǣǰ¹ѧԺСӷ뺯СӲûм¹ѧԺңֱӾܾˣѡѧԺ⣬ĸס
Ҳ֪˭ֻ֪˭һܷõѧԺѡһλѧԺļһ¹ѧԺżĺ⡣Ϊ˵̫һȣ֮Բ̫һΪģֻ̫һָСӺ̫ˣ¹ѧԺĻҲ˵ȡ̫һ٣̫һһǿľ֡
ʱˮҲѾ⣬עԼ
ûκεװƣֱתͷǱߣһñ½ɽѧԺ֮ˣһ
ǿԪءѧ㣬Ǹ֣ʮжס
ʮУʮСʮ֮ڣɱˣ


1965 ƴо
С£ǱǸŮ˺ͦעģ񶼲һ
ˮߵŮҲѧԺļ¹ѧԺЩԶˡˮĮˣԭǲκһѵģѧԺȴмѧֵܽãоͰŮ꣬ѧԺݻеرѧԺԺŮ
ԵĻҪͻ
ôѵ㻹ὫһŮ˷𣿡
ⲻǷŲ⣬ҿΪ֮ϡ
һŮˣΪ֮ϣѵѽǱϾв½ˣ¹ѧԺҶѾĴ½˴ˡ˵ڻֻ֣ҲֻҶδ·£һҶ˿һ᲻ܵģ¹ѧԺ˿͵в½˿
˵ûϾв½ˣԼĵϣ˸ռ˱ˣⲻĸѧԺǿȥġ
һ¹ѧԺ˴һѧԺȴԱ߿֣ʲôɣ⽫ζʲô֪£ѧԺġ
ɣ¹ѧԺҲþǼ¡Ȼ˵ģֻ¹ѧԺȻв½档
ˮµĻأͼʮҶֵǿȫˣһˣҲĴ½ˣ໥һ۵֮£Ҳ֪˭󺰵£в½ı뽫ЩǸƴˡ
Ȼģǳǵı˭뿪ˣԼ߲ˣҲв½˻ųȥ
½ȫһӵϣҶ¹ѧԺĸΣôˣҲֻǱɱĻ
ҶԶס֮ĹһʱҶߣ˵ӣ춨һѪսѽ
ϻҼȻΪ¹ѧԺΣ飬ǾӦ÷ſȽ˻ˡ
ãǱߺܿͻõϢ֧ԮˣֻҪһʱ䣬Ͳ⡣
֪ɽ֮⣬źܶˣĴ½֮⣬Լв½Ҳ档
ڽٴԼв½˶֣ҲһὫϢǳȥг֪Ҳ취Ϲ˹ġ
ˮ£ڿɲ¹ѧԺһҵ飬ǹغв½ѧԺΪв½һӣҲǣʲôܰɡ
ˮСڵƣֻҪһˣǾͶһܶඥһᡣ
СӷϻʲôѧԺȫ֣Ҳ𲻵á
ҶҲ̫Ʋ˰ɡ£ǵ£Ҳǵ¡½ִһǼҪǲܵĻҲûǳˡ
һֻһѳ֮ʱ񷢳һ֮ΧʵԪȫӵһԪߡ
С£Ƿĸ֧Ԯ¹ѧԺˣ֪ѧԺɲǳصġ
ˮ¼ѾҳˣԼѧԺ֣ǳԿҲѵǺ֮У˵ɢˡ
һֱɱһѪ·ȻҲ¹ѧԺû취ˡ
ǾͰ˵İ졣
ʱУһ½֮⣬ĸ½ȫû˿ָӵ´
ѧ㣬鶼ѾˣǸòö֣
˵£ֻв½ΪУɲΪǱ½в½ʲôϵǼȫȥǡ
ǣѧ㡣
飬飬顭
ʱ֮䣬ɽĸΪĹϵһıըΧʯҹܶΪ˶ʯȫ
ڲԶһСɽ֮ϣӷ˿ǰһĻɵеսˡ
˵ҵȥǶˡ
𼱣ܹȥѾκˡ
ʲô˼
ѵûעǵĶһͲҪ̫ѾֻҪκһв½˶һƣǾϵĽоˡ
Ȼӷ绰Ÿ䣬ͼ˸˫ԣ˫һ֮ȫԭأһҲ
磬㡣
Ҷ漴˫ƣֱӶıϣ¹ѧԺˣʱѧԺ޼ѧԺˣȫΪ˲Լв½ǳǶӣһһϣʹв½ߣ߳һֱߡ
ڶǿߵеһʱ˭м֣Ǿ͵ģΪıһǾͽһǿıըɱըԻΧһС
֪Ĵ½Ҳв½һеȫһ˫Ϊֱߣսо
ѧԺˣˮ¸Ĵ£󣬱½ɽѧԺˣҲĴ½ֳһ⣬˵еˣѾⳡƴĽоս
ˣȫ˭һĻˣûġ
󺰵Ȼ˭
ļһߣֻʣһˣв½һҲûУҵ뿴в½ʲô
һȥ͵߶Ա߲Զ躰Ѿͷ㻹ڵʲôڳֻʣһˣֻҪһ֣в½ˣͱ
е۾ȫ裬ĺ鷳ˣû뵽ڳȻһû֡
֮Σ⣬ѵǱ½𣿡
һ۾ܿǱ½ˣһΪţΪϵϢͣϢȻˮ֮֮ϣҲֻΪ֮أ½ǿԪˡ


1966 ͷ
ɽڵļŸոտʼɽ⣬ȴһƬ
ԭЩɽ֮ĸǿߣȫ˳ÿһ˵ǽ֣ΪɽУеǵˣеǵѣеǵսѣÿһֹϵ൱ܵģ
һв½Լ˱ɽ֮УʣЩˣ᲻ɲܼʲôûõģЩ˶ԹǿȥƽɽеĽΪʵ̫ǿˣţ棬Ҳ𲻵˿á
ôг磬֮ǰҲˣΪʲôԶ
в½ȫۼһɽͷϣǲΪģֲɵ棬Լɽ֮Уôһ𡣾ҪңȥɱһЩطеǿߣҲûôһ֮ǰǿʮĽѽ
û֪⵽ôһʱΨһİ취֪ͨǳǣ¸֪ǵгڳǳǵгĴѧԺЩǿ֮⣬һˣԽ
ٴϢȥ˵ɽ߳˴⡣סǺܴ⣬γ߼ȫ½䱸ˡ
Ȼɽ֮ǿߣǶΪؼʱ̲ųֵģв½ˣĸ½ҲˡЩһȻѾĲԾв½ģĴ½Ҳˣôһ£Уڸ
ˡ
Ĵ½ˣȫͬһʱ䣬׼ϢȥһԼЩ˻زȥĻв½ͽΪĴ½ͬʱĿꡣϴϢش½˵Щ˻زȥҶ½ȫв½
ǡ
巽ͬʱϢȥͬʱɲļ򴦣Ҳ˵ѾƲĸ߿λվˡһ˸һŮˣŮһ£Ϊһɫ˿òģǸŮġ
û뵽ȥȻôȤ顣ڰи£ǰһѡ
Ů˿Ųɽ֮ڣ˫۾͸
ˣε飬в½ֵ߳⣬Ƕ֪ϢᴫĴ½ȥ
˵ǾˣѲֵжӳ
ţӣƽõĺĴ½Ҫһˡֻǲ֪£ʲô˸ɵġ˭һУǰһѡ
Ĵ½ƽ㲻ǺܺΪʲôҪô£
仰Ǿģ˵ļˣȫںŮ˵ҲҪΪŮһʲô⣬ǵһģļˡȻ˵ȷв½ˣģļ˱ץ֮ѡΪһͽͽ³ô˺òɡ
ˣ֪ʲôҲҪĴ½һҪ½Ϊǲڣֻ½Уû֪ˡ
㣬Ȼģһ½ΪеŮˣıѵһûҪһ֮Կ½ɾķݡ
ף̫֪̫١
Ȼ֪㣬ǾͲҪ룬ֻҪҵķԸȥ£þˡε飬ѾҪȥˣɽĽѾҼӴʮһĴ½ͻΪеһжв½ΪҾ͵ſְɡ
ˣΣҪߣ
šҲȥĴ½תתˡôˣ½ôı仯ЩôĽɫұҪȸʱ˿Ƕ˵ģɲһˡ
Ů˻䣬̷ȥ뿪в½֮ǰͣתͷһǱܲŵĲɽ
ҲʲôˣֻҪвҿˡɵлΪҵĵ˵ʱҽһʱ佫ɱ
Ů˸ûڲɽи£ҲǴѪϢ˷ôˣһ½еĶǿߣǳгǰĽɫ˵½Уǿ֮⣬ȴڣὫӷְи粨˷ϣ
ɽڣһƬɫĹâ˸Щâûдɽ
ãһѾˡ鷳ܲܽȥ
ˣڽɽûʲô⣬ɽȥףˡ˵ˣĴ½һûȥҲǵĽȥͳǼ˽ǳ˴
ţ˵Ҳûٵһᣬг˹
ЩɽļһҲɵϣܱɽе˸ԼʲôϵǶ֪ɽףɽȥ֮ĺҪԼ
ɽУĴ½˸в½Ѿ˰ȻѾкܶ˵˵ϣͣѪһܶϵļ˺
½Ѿͷⶼʲôʱˣٲ֣Ǳ½ˣû
ȷʱٲ֣ЩѧܸѧãȫҪ
軹һᣬڵȣǸˣ᲻֣ˣͺðˣץסˣȻܽ
ڲԶɽϣѾȲˣ˵ȥǵˡ
𼱣ʱֻܹΪ˹ĶЩ˶Ὣ㵱ߣǽ᲻һд۽ɱģ㻹Ǹˣһȥ£Ҫڶ½ͷˣʱв½ǽ˳
յ˵ͷ˭ʱܳȥˣѾǲˣӷȴˡ
ȥɡ
㣡
ţģʶҵģֻҪҲǶ½ˣҲڶ½ͷϡ
ҲãЩˣҲѾûлֱˣǸСѾͷӦÿӦ
ӷЦһս޼ɶ˵Ҳ׼һ£룬ѪӦϾҪˣһոһͬǰҲᾡЩˣһġ
ֵܣߵ飬ͰˡȵѪӺ󣬶һݡ


1967 ֵǿ
½巽ɽγĺһľƣҪвǳǵһ˵ȳɱ
˵ڵв½˵ƱѽĴѧԺһҲһˣĴ½һǿǧˣԴ˵Ⱦ˵ǱɵģҶ¹ѧԺܶһᣬֵܼʱҲ̫һӵӣв½ˣͽȫĴ½ѹƶ
òϣв½¹ѧԺȷǿޱȣڽ̵ֻΣܶʱڵֵסĴ½ǧһ£¹ѧԺԺǳϻȫǽһôĳ
ɲǰ취Էʵ̫ˣѾֲסˡ
Ҷڿ֪֮ΪԼôˣԽĴ½ȫɱ⣬ԼֲһĴڣȥضС汻ƣ֮صġ
Ҳһ۶ûУǱ½һ߹ÿ̤һϾͽһıԪأνһеѽ
Ǳ½һСɫû뵽ȴǱɽѧԺĵһѧ
̾˿ͬʱȫѾ˳վڵһҪֵסĴ½ֹͬʱԪأҲ𽥸ÿһ˺
ˮ֮ǰͿǸݽɫڸҲѾ²⵽ݡ
½ɽѧԺ裡
ৣ
ˮ»أͻȻһ󺮷磬󺮷ÿһ˵϶һ˪绹ڲͣĴ˷ÿһ˵Ľ£ѾסˣһҲˣֱڴ¶ϣĶǵȫ
Ǳ˪ᣡ¹ѧԺģǶסֺ
ˮͬΪԪߣֺ֪ͳԴŶôǿԽκһǿߵȫסȫĽͷڣȫסǸʱ΢𶯣ܽĲλΪ顣
ˮ£ڲǿʱȻҲԪߣѾͷԪ֮ϣ㻹ͷҲǵֵסġ
ȷΪԪأ½һеĵһˣв½ˮȴںܶλ֮Ҫһսǹƾķݡ
ˮǱԼǿϰٱĳǿߣģһ佣
Ȼ˭Ҳ벻Բʮ׵ľʱͻһֱӾǰǰĵϣըһҲĶ
֮һĴ£ʱ֮䣬ɢĺΧбסĵطȫڿٵڻ˽µıҲȫȥʹڳÿһˣﶼǴ󾪲ԡ
ǿ󣬺ֵͲκһԪҲ̫ģһȻͷ·ȻģȻγɵǲ֮󣬽ĺģֻ֪⣬͵ڽԪأǱ˪ᣬͬһʱƽˡ
ⶨڼԦǵҲǸӦ㣬ûǰһȥһ˫۾˷ɨһȦɲûзκ˵Ĵѽ
ⲻܣ
練Ӧе˼Ĳ裬ˮ£һķӦȻڳ˶ҪôڣҪ֪Ӧ˿ڣǽζʲô˵ΣĹͷһ
ʲôˣͷ¶βġɡ
赥һӣֻһ壬гڵϣһѺۡ
ʱֻͬһѺϯʽżƻĹԣֱ衣
û뵽⸽ڵĲɽУԼһ֮ˣڰУ˾Ȼڲų֣˵ʲô˵ɽĽǹѪӵϢйء
ɵģӷ类һñӣԭǳӷɵ֮⣬ҲҪڳӷͷϡȻӷȻὫµµģҲͲվˡ
ķ½ִһ½̫ƽɡ
¡¡
ֻڹѺ۵ĳʼλãѺۣ߷ֿһʵ꣬ӵ»ΧһֲֿĺǲдżΪаϢͷ·ǴӵԨгһħ㡣
˫Ķųӷ磬Ҳ֪ӷǴðģ£ܣɽ֮£ǹңǿˣҲѡֵطסѽǣһѾڲɽ֮ǿߣΪɽĶŻֵġ
ϸһͻȻֵİˣ־ò̫Ϊûдİ˵ϸо̫̬ڵԼ֮£ܻһڲɽ֮µǿߡ
㵽ʲôˣ
Ѿ޷ȥжӷݣһԴأɢѪϢɽıߡ
ӷ֮ǰע⵽裬һǱڵĴвԵĻýĽȥպ󶨽ΪԼĵ֮һ
·Լѡһɣ
ӷ˫ѪһǿޱȵɱʱΧȫ
ҲǴһѣɱӷ籾ɢ֮ѽԼû֮ɱɱһ·Ҫأ
ô
ϵ˸磬ҶˮЩˣǼӷģϵ֮⣬ǼѲֵʱӷģʱӷǸ½ĵһ鱨Աһ
СӲǶ½𣡡
еĿ󹤲ȫ𣿡
ϵ˸綼ѾʼͿ֪ӷ絽Ҫʲô


1968 Ѫӳ
ۿЩ˾ҪΣĺһսһ֮£һԴ·磬費֣Ҳ·һͲҪ̫ʱ䣬ҲҪǵľĺһԽȫѹƵ
û뵽ӷĳ֣ÿһ˶ǴΪԾУаŹ죬ſֲϵ˵һ亹ⲻɽбаʵľѽ
СӲǸһΪʲôʱ֣
ţѵһУǶ½Ϊѽ½ˣһƴӣǸɵģûҪô˹ûҪ
Ԫأȫӷƽ⣬ϾӷаԪеκһ֣Ĵ½Ͳڵֲ󣬵Ԫһƽ⣬ȻͿʼ
Ǻˣ
Ѿǰĳӷ磬ʵڲ֪ǲǸö֣ĿǰҲ֪ӷ絽һߵˡ
˵ֻ·һ·һ··֣һУ·ϴ뿪
ɱң뿪ɽǾҪûˡ
缲ȥǰʱһ֣ΪԲΣȫ
塣
ӣǴӷƴˣ˽ӷĵϸղаҲղסģ׵ķֻܹԷԵˣڵ˹ͬʱ˽һµ˵ĵϸҳ˵һƽ⣬ȡʤİա
û뵽Լӷ磬ӷҲֻӷڣһϵһС͵ϵǳӷС棬ʲô壬ҲС棬˭ķȽϼӲɡ
ǳˣֶϷǲۣҿŶۡ
ӷǰߵǶмλãǵһӣУѪ֣˫мλãѪ棬˫ĵһˣĽÿһ˵С棡
ʱ֮䣬ˣСҲֹ̼ͣת޷תС棬ÿһ˵ҲȻȫɢʧάֵʱʮֶ̣Ҳôһңӷʱ򣬽ɢ˿ɢ֮󣬳ӷջѪ棬ÿһ˵СָҲȻȻͻָˡ
˵ӷͻȻֵСӣǸⳡıǵĻⳡıĿģȻҪɽȫɱ⡣ڣӷ粻ûжڳκһˣ֮Σȥɱκһˣ˫Ķֹͣ
ԭӷ罫ѪӵϢȥΪ˿һ֣ҲǼʶһĴ½νǿߣоǿ᲻ҲϹɽĽˣ˵˻ڳӷıң£ӷ紫ѪϢȥ֣ɽ˴ӷɲ뱻˸ˣ㲻໥ɱҾû취֣һҲ
ʱ򲻿ܽӷ統ǵˣǵ˵ĻͲ־ԼЩˣ෴ڻϼӰͣһԼв½ء
Ȼӷ粻ɱˣǾ˵飬Ӧøӷûϵ㣬Կ϶˾˵ˡ
Сӣ㵽ʲôˣΪʲôʱ֣
ϲ½ǱѾӷˣӷûҪش⡣
ʲôǲҪֻ֪Ҫ֪飬ûϵв½Ҳûϵ
ûϵв½ɽĽҲв½ģôûϵ
ûҵĻֻЩ֪ǧҪˣ˵ɵŪڹ֮лԼܴǲҵĻΪв½ɵģǿԼ֣Ҳٹܡ
½ǰָųӷŭСʲôȻǵ¡
ס֡
ҲԿ϶ӷ޹أӷ˵ǧҪ˻֪ԼҲ뱻ã˽ԼЩ˵ɱв½ȫɱ֮в½ǿ߸ϹôԼЩҲ뿪֮󣬾ͽ½֮Ĵս
ѧ㣬Сӡ
죬ҴӣȻ˵㡣˵ûϵһûϵ
ӣŮˣɱЩϴүҪµĶࡣ
Сӣʲô֣
ӷ磬󳡵һ󹤡
ʲô󹤣
һ󹤣Ȼ˵ֶΣո֮ԼԪأ˫ɢһ󹤸е
һ룬ɽĿ󹤣ȫǳǷµķˣܻģҲߣĴ½֪Գӷͣǲ¹ѧԺ̫һǵҲ˵ֶѽ
ȻĿ󹤣Ǿв½ˡΪʲôҪ㣿
˵ûҪšǿԼȥҪǣǴԶܵΪģѪӡɽеڷ仯ΧԪҲ𽥳ͬһطۼȥֻҪΪԪߣӦܺӦ㡣
˵ûɽԪѾͬһطۼô£
⻹֪ȻѪϾҪˡ
ѪӵϢģ
ⲻǷϻ𣬼ٵģܹ
ڴ˿̣ɽ¡һɽλãһǿҵĺϡ
ʵϵˣʲôط
ΣһƬأʲôûС﹤ǧ꣬Ҳֻȥΰˡ
ûȥǵط鿴
⵹ûУΪ̫Զͨص·һҾøûҪȥ鿴
ǻϻʲôѪӣǱߣˣϸϹȥѪ䵽ǵ
ȻѪѾˣˣҪȥʲô
ûͱǿӣ˭ܵõѪӣܳΪȫһľǿߡߣѪӡ
ˣȫɽλ÷ȥûκһ˸ں󷽵ģһ˵ѪӾǱ˵ˣ


1969 ᱦ
ɽ˺ü֮ǰΧǿ⣬ڽ֮󲻵ʱȻֶıˣЩ˾ͷ·콫ͻȻð˳ĿǰֲһԿ϶ǣȫ½ˣȴκһ˱ݵģȫŲµǵͨɽڣҲһ˴ʲô
ɽðƵȴʲôʱɽͻȻĺ⣬ʹ˶Ǵ˯оѣֱ߱͸˽ɽڳ˳ȴûнƣֻ͸ˣͬı㣬ϸСëףͬ㣬洫˳
ϢȻģǰĲ֮⣬½ǿߣӵȰԵ
ڼΪԵģǹԪأһ𣬾ѾǰĲΪˣҲƾ㣬˶Ѿ϶ѪӵϢǧȷġֻڲɽĽʹ˽ȥҲѪӵĴڣ˾͸żȰɣûõǽҪδõѪ֮ǰǲŻϣ
ҷܲƳһӡ
ɵҲǸ취ѽۿŵǿߣҪǱˡ
ȫ˱˲ߣƳһȱڣôһȱڣҲԽɽˡ
ֻϧⷽԶԽ˿˺⼸Ҳͬ飬֮£ֻѡһ취취κһģѡġ
½ˣŴҶϣѪ䵽Ե֮֡ڣɽڵ˭֪ԣڱ뽫˵һֻ½֮䣬ܹƽȥѪӣûҲͲö˵ʲôˣ֮󣬽ɽƾѪӡ
֮䣬Ѿһˣе˳ʣһСˣҲ
ʵǿĿɶôͬʱҽһ𣬶޷κε˺
ڵĲȵгµĽ֪ҪǿٱЩ޷Ƴžг٣ҲƲ˵ġ
ô죿
ƲˣǾͽȥҲֻܵˣûа취ƳˣƲˣõѪӣҲԶɽ֮ڡ
ʱУһ֮£䵽˲֮ǰ
ʱ仯Ϊһ⽣ֱӳɽڳ˹ȥ
顭
¡¡
˭벻鷢ˣͻȻĽ⽣ȻڽϣڴƳһӣֱӾͽɽ
һĻɽ˶гԾ
ηǿߣ
ÿһˣ໥ţÿһˣȥԼ۾
ȻڽƳһӣ˲ɽҲ̫˼˰ɡ֪ɽüǧǿߵһж޷쵽飬Ȼ̼Ͱ쵽ˣɼ˵ɽ˵һҪǿѽǿ¾ǿߣδӵаɡ
֪ͨгߵ֮ǰҪǿгҲδ֮ܽ£Ȼһǿߣ̼ڽͻһӣ˲ɽг߼䱸ǿߵĳ֣һ͵ΪһѪӣܸв½˺
һʱ֮䣬·˶ٴνξղŵһĻҲֻξвŻ֡
ɽڣս޼ɣԪգѾϵԱߵһɽ֮ϣҲѾصλãһǿҵĺֱʣɽ֮䣬γһӡ
ѪϾҪˣ
ս޼ɻ䣬ּ⣬ͬһ˹
ãߵѾЩ˷ˣ߸Ϲ
Ϊʲôֵûֹǣ
ֵܱϾһˣԷô࣬ҪֹҲ֮¡
̾˿ӣǳӷûֹסѽĵǳӷֹסҪֹĻЩ˲ˣѾûˣӷǹ⣬ȫŹġ
Σ쿴ǾѪӳ֮ء
һɽ֮ϣҶѾĴ½ҲѾ˲ͬɽϣˣȫĺ⡣
ӷ粢ûи󲿶һͬ󣬳ӷɲɵЩȥѪӣǶԳӷκãҪһ仰£ûҪô鷳
ѧ㣬ѪϾҪˣ
ʱ˿̣˶أصλãһǿȥһضУ˺֮⣬˺ֲܶͬɫĹâ
ô£Ѫ֮⣬ѵ֮£ıﲻɣȻЩâΪʲôǿң
ս޼ɸԪ໥һֻۣ֪ӵѪӣǵһξѪɴûһξѪͬʱҲпܻ˱Ķ֮ġ
飬飬顣
УѾıըʹƬأˮ㷶󶴵ԽԽĹâҲԽԽǿңԽԽࡣ
ûĳӷ翴һĻķɵ˵ĲԭĴ½ģһξѪôһξѪ̫ãģĶ
ϸһ룬ڲ񷶦ڣֻڲԴӷδǷзģڿǼһﲻзأֻܺķûиһ𱻷ռ䣬ɽЩȻҪǵξѪһͬˡ
һξѪҲںԴҲɷòᣡ
￴ϷЩȥѪӣҲֻȸ᲻֡ڣӷǲпϷʱˣķҪᵽֲС
¡¡
޴𶯣·ҪɽΪƽأУҲѾһź⣬ͬ㣬һͬĳȥ
ˣ
ս޼ɸԪڿûʱȥˣҲûʱȥκһĵˣ˭ֽſ죬ܵһʱõԼҪ֮
ৡ
ֻһ⣬г˳֮ڷ·Ƕӵеޱ֮ǿ
һѪӡ
в½˵֣ǲѪӣʲôһдۣ
ΪǶ½ˣͲֶܿءƴ
½ˣҶ
λѧѧã˱ɽѵҪֶ鲻ɡһһ֣


1970 
巽ҪֻһǾıҲѾ²⵽еģǵξѪѪӣ벻ıܣѪֻ۵һһѱеһ
ҲãֻһѪӣôᣬҪֻʣһ˲ʸõˣҲףܶ˿ֻܾһ㣬еȴ̰ĵޣ뽫еıռΪУɹһˣеõĻᣬΨһĶ߶
¹ѧԺˣڶʱ嵽֮ϣΪһʱ䵽ģս޼ɸԪˣҲѾʶʱԼ˲ٸǰһˣҪܵõʱԼһֵĺö䵽֣֮Ǿֵ̫ˡ
ʱ䣬ս޼ɸԪ۵Сɫɺ䶯в½ţ˵¹ѧԺһսҲһֱ£һ˰ɡ
Ҷս޼ɶˣһۻûϳ˵Ҷ¹ѧԺѾüǧ꣬ʱˣҲǴѧλӣÿҪô࣬λãҲѾǳǾصˣὫǰ˷ϡ
磬Ҷû뵽ʦѾ¹ѧԺ̵ˡ
ս޼ɵһ˵˫һҲû֡
Ǻˣ
ս޼ɵĻ֪в½ˣ򣬲һ¾˵ԼҶǰ¹ѧԺʦ
ô겻Ͱ𡣼ǵǰΣ¹ѧԺġ
¹ѧԺѧΪʲôҡһ£ĺܡ
ս޼ɣɻӡ󣿡
ս޼ɣǰѧԺǳսս޼ɣ
ǡ
ǲʣһԪˣŵ󳡣п󹤶ܵ£ȻܵһѵѪӵϢȥģ
Ȼڣһʦ¹ѧԺĽ̵ΣȻڲͬˣҲϲ²⵽ѪӵϢս޼ɶйء
ʱô˶ˣ½ȫ֪ѪӵϢѵս޼ɸԪҪʲô𣬾ϢԼȥģ˵ԼҲν
˵ûǶ󳡵ȴʱ䣬Ϊ˽졣ֻǰһСģϢ֪˲Żᴫȥ򣬽һУġ
ս޼ɸԪڶ㲻ϢôȥģȥĻббȫԼˣǸʱ򣬾ȶв½пܵ顣⣬ȻѾչھֻܿı£һһˡ
в½ĵطһУȫҪǳǣʱƽ䵽ʸȻǳǵˣǾӦ֪ǳǵĹأòҪ֣ǾͽΪǳǵͽ
ʱ򣬻ʲôѲѵģֻҪõκһǶлĴ½ҲССǳСɫˡԪ罻ˣԸһ
á
ǲ֪ߵغļһΪǰɳ˵СʸǰҶһһ
ְɡ

ս޼ɸԪѾ֮ϣ˶ĸ˵ᣬʹ˳˻룬ս޼һƶʱ˷⣬ȫ󶴵Ϸ˹

ͻأǵг󶴵ĺ⣬ը˿ըȴûκģֻһƻĺɫӣ˵ǰ
Ǻɫƻ粣һɫĲƻźǿҵУǼڷŵװһ㡣ɫĲƻڣȴһʺɫˮΣˮɾһѪڲƻ΢΢š
Ѫӣ
ս޼ɵһһ˭ȥѽȥѪӰɣ˭ܵһʱõѪӣ˵ѪӾ˭ˣϾڵı̫࣬ܶ˾ԲΪһѪӶı
غ꣬˭Ҳƣ
顣
еͻȻըϰǿΪ˶ը㿪
ͬʱԪٷһͻȫϣһ̹⣬̹̼䣬仯ΪһֻĶ
ҰȫԹ⡭ս޼ɣѪӡ
˶Ѫʱû뵽ѪӾȻӵ㣬ЩҪңһˣ
ѪΧƬزͣתţս޼ɽս޼ɺ棬ϰٵ
һ棬ȴı֡

ѪӸΧתȦּڣͬɫĹâ
ˡ½ˣ׷ѪˣΪһûҪķ˵תͷȥ

ʱ֮䣬½ˣȫɢ˿ΪʱʮͬɫĹâ󶴡
ӷ絽ڻûжҲ˳ӷ磬ûиǶ½һȥᱦ˳ӷ֮ء
ֵܣΪʲôȥЩ
ᣬ֪䵽˭һˣҲܴ˵ｫ
ô
ղŲ˸һȸںڣҲѧѧǼһŰɣǿ׼ļȽϺõ㣬䵽˭ٰ֮ͻϮˣֺ׾ٵĵõˡ
еԥ˵ⲻҵķ񡣡
Ҫ˾ӣǾţҵ˱󣬷㼸
еһУȫڲģӷĳ˵ΪһģҲ˵ڵбȫڳӷġ
Ҫõһбԭ˼ߣǵı¡
ʱ򣬳ӷѾҲǸݽɫȻǰԼһֱû֣Щѧܸѧᣬһõı󣬾̿ʼ͵Ϯ
ҵġɡ
顣
һ͵Ϯģˮ¡
ˮ¸մϲ½һһǶıû뵽ȻԼı֣ȽԼȫסȻٶԼı
磬ǱɽѧԺˣȻա
ʵڱǸеرұлõҪı͵Ϯ㣬ԼҲܣ󣬶ȥǳǣ
ûǸҪΪ׽𡭡ơѩҡ
ѩƷԴе˼Ҿ桭ѩ񱩣㱩ѩ

ˮ¼Լ֮ϣȥԴԣܵĶ
С£Ӳкܶ౦ȥġ
ǰˮ¸ߣںǵ⣬һ֣͵õñ
ҵĺñӽҾˡ
ˣ⻰˵Ҳ̫˵ɡ
ʲôˣ
㡣ùɡ
ӷͻȻ豳͵Ϯ
Ǿ仰ô˵ţ죬һҪġ
ձߵˮ¼Ҳ͵ϮˣѽҲȥЦˡ
Сӡұ
ѧ㣬ˣкö౦ˡ
һʱ֮䣬ƬΧǴѽ˭֣˭Ҳ˵
ٵõһ뽫պãϣһ
ñѽҪˣĹɡ
ৡ
ӷǴӺ͵Ϯѽ
ҾͲţÿζ͵Ϯ
˰СʱεñɹΣɲɵõվԭزתˣҸȫĵطѱղغãٷı
Աһ޴ʯ֮迴һɫʯʯɢصĺֱպԪߡ
ñȻ̼䣬ʮ֮ԪѵǴ˵еıǣ
ûʱ̫࣬ûˣҪղغãϣһתӷȻĺ󷽣һСֱӾͽٹͷЦСѾͷֺöϣᱻģȰ㱣ܰɣȥϴ裬һ£ط̫Σգˣ
顣
ֱӱӷһˤ׹أܿͳ˳ȫѾһɶĵĳζۺڡ
쵰쵰ʲôطˣΪʲôǶһˡңҸû꣬ܡ


1971 Ŀ
ĿǰΪֹͲ֪ڵжٱһȥĻǵʵҲ۸ǳӷֱѡ˼ˣ⣬磬Ҷǿᵽıͳͳӷ˹ȥһӷҲʡ˺ܶʱ䣬ӲõĶıﲻãΪȻҲȥ᲻õı˷ʱ䡣
һһصģ䵽ӷıѾʮˣЩ￴ȥޱȣӷһҲ֪ôá
ȻӷŲ񷶦ôۣЩڳӷ˵ҲֻǸʹƷӷȻЩıֻǾЩ𵽺ܴãԼϣܱڱ֮ҪõĶࡣ
һЩô۵ıڸбˣЩٵıȻҲ˷ϡ
ӷеˣȻƳ֮ıӣ񷶦¯ڵĺĴ½Ҳһѽ
ΧѾ𽥽󶴸ǣӣڵıӦѾˣ
һʱ˵˫ۣȫ֮ϣҲûκȥ֮ǰ䵽ԼֱߵЩΪճ˵ֵģõġ
һֻ󾢷紵ÿһ˵Ķ漴ͼֵ⣬һǿֱӽ󶴸ը˸գΧͬˮ㣬ʱ֮ߣ£󶴣ȫǵˣҲûһ֡
һǲõıв½ˣһдۣһҪᵽ֣ҲѾһôˣģв½衣䵽½֣֮в½Ҫ˳ЦΪ֮
˵һҲûв½䵽˵˻ôǳǵֻô롣
ʱ򣬾ˮ¹ѧԺ˳ۣгļһѾסǵвͣתȦ⣬ĴѧԺˣͬһʱ׼ı
˭벻ȳֵѪӣȻֵһֹѪһ֮ʱֹͣˣӷڣѪӸ⣬Ŀ֮Ǵһͬ㣬·ҪΪһƵġ
ȫֹͣ
е㲻ԾΪʲôԷ˵ΪһķǲܲģһһֿˣҲ͵ڱˣκˡ
໥ܴ֮һر壬ҲǲΪǿһ
ˣȫֹͣӷʱҲѾվһ޴ʯϣȻĽΪһ塣
һϣĳӷΪԾΪĽϣȻһӷϤ״һɫ壬һǳ޴壬ȫɢǿҵĽ⣬ĸްĽţĸ޽֧һε¯¯ı㣬һսɱľ¯֮ϣâһΪڹ⣬һΪ⣬ֹâӷҲʮϤģǾȻǡ񷶦ø¬ֻ޽֧ŵ¯Ǳʲôǡ񷶦
ѪӸֵıȻϳ˲񷶦óӷͬʱҲʮֳԾ
ô£񷶦ԼΪʲôֳһ
ԡ
ǲ̫ǲ񷶦Ӧ˵ǲĲ񷶦ֻһӰˡ
ӷ㲻״ʱͻȻԺУһǲ
Сӣٻⶫ
仰óӷǲ
ռ󣬲ô۾һֱ˵ڣڲԼĶˣȴгӷ罫ԭĶˣôһ£
ǲϺͿˣЩ㵱𣡡
û֮ǰЩС⣬ȷǱĵʱƳģûһõģ˵ЩƷⷽ棬ԼǸʧߣҲû̫ЩνķΪһΪǿķڳǰ֮ڱģ෴ǶڵǸǿߵġ
˵ʲôӰ񷶦ǿߵģ
ûҲ֪ǿô㵽ⶫģⶫıһȴǱĿǣܽһȫƹȥԴҳڡû뵽ô꣬ٴλصʱǿߵ֮ȻɽС
˵ǼСӣ㻹ڵʲôѵⶫ䵽˵ҪҪ֪ⶫ䵽˱֣֮Ƕ˵ͽһвʱӱõһֶΣǶƹȥ׾˽⵽ڡ
Ƕôǿǿߣϣģֻǿ߶ôԼ㣬˵κ˷Լ㡣
ǻӰ񷶦ȻԽһֶȫƹȥԴҳڣò˵ǶǶԲǶԳӷ磬һвòݻٵ
ˣȫ֮ǰ˵עɢ˿ӷźõֵġ˵עȫһʱӷ׵õǶͲǼ֮ˡ
ڣڳӷ粢ҪõҪݻ٣Ҳ˵ֻҪӷ籾ǳӷǶܽݻٵ
ӷ뷨һʱѾµˣϾϵѽ
Сӣ̫СǶˣȥݻĻǼǲܵģѪԪأҵѪƿȭ𣬻ô۵޷Ƕݻٵġ
˵ʲô
ӷһղ˵ЩԼеֶˣȻ˵ԼеֶΣ޷ǻӰ񷶦ݻٵǹжӲ


1972 ۵
˵ʲôѪӣͲˣܽһ𣡡
ǵξѪȷڱģҲΪǵξѪʹĵǿֶܽȫƹȥ
Ҳ˵ǿߣǴǵξѪУȡѶϢǿ¡һ
˵Сӣڱô࣬Ҳûʱ˵̫࣬ص˺ռ䣬ǲֵģȻͺױǿ߸Ӧڵ˵ǿҵǱɱϡ
ԭôۻصռ󶼲˵±ǿ߷֡ӣԽԽСѽô˵ʱĵһǿߣȴǿµҪӷڻʶһ£ǿ󵽵׿ֲһôĵز˵ԳӷڵΪǿˣǳӷǸһĻᶼľУ
ӣܶ飬̫ˣ̫͵űһĿǰλãӷŵľ磬Ҳ֪ʲôʱܵ䴴ԳӷĲ²⣬䴴ľ磬Ҫ۷ܱɡ
ˣСӣֵʱԽԽΣաԺռӣȫԼˣܷʲô£ΣҲֻԼȥôۣѾˣҲⱻǿ߷֡
Ҫٶ˵ʲô˵Ѿ˵ˣôӷӦú
ڲɵĿЦ֮£ӷǱӲô֪Ĵ½֮Ӵ󣬿ǵԼòô۵Ҳôɾͱǿ߷֡˵ˣĴ½ֻռѣǿҲľںĴ½УҲںռأ
мСļһôôɣҹռ䣬ܰﵽҵҲˣ
ӷٴηһЦǻӰ񷶦ҪݻٵΪⲻǶԲǶԼһв
ڴ˿̣еѾǻӰ񷶦չһᣬÿһˣȥƴ·ǵʱһĲֵ㣬ǶԣֻҪܵõıĴ½ռռһϯ֮ء
ӷҲܸɵʲôѽҪ뾡һа취ôķܽ
ѪԪӦòǻˣǳӷڵѪԪػ̫ˡڳѪƿȭܻĲ񷶦ǾܻٵӰ񷶦㣬ӷ绹ϰ첻Ϊռռ䣬Ѫƿȭ޵еĴڣռͲˡ
ΪܲˮĻвӷ粻ðգһ𣬵ڶ鷳ˡ
ˣһ˵޷˵أ
ӷϸһ£ǧ˵һҲʮӴˣԼеҪӦòʲôɡ
ڳӷҪ֣ѪԪС棬Դǵǹʱͻأһǵصѹһ֣ǹˣȫӸ߿֮׹¡
һ⽣Զ˹ɻӰ񷶦Ϸֹͣ
ȫվ˵ϣ̧ͷͻĽ⽣ڽ⽣УһӰӰ˫һƣӽ⽣
ǿ˵Ǹ˫ģˣȫˣҲͳͳףԲԼЩ˵ֵסġɷĴ½λǿ⣬һӵǿɿ˵ӣͲǺܴǸˣԼʮͷۣͷϽڣͲǿеκһ
ʲôˣһ֣ͽ˸ѹסˣҲӷڡΪֵǣɽĽѾˣôģһֱڲɽУӦͳˣҲ˵ˣƽɽġ
ţҲ̫˼˰ɣ֮ǰĽҪǿʮǳӷ磬ûκΰƳһӣȴǵҪôǿѽ۷壬Ѿʲôˣһӵһ磬һԶԶֹһ
ºηǿߣ뱨
绹ˣķʱ˿̣˭
۵˫˸һ⣬ɨһɾ޴ϷͬңԶϹţƣ·߽Ϊһ壬˵ȴû˵ڣҡͷǱ飬񣬾ͺ˵Щˣûʸ֪˭
۵˵һӣӰ񷶦ȻǱһǣסƵģĳ۵˿󣬱۵֮С
ת֮˿ƾҪ뿪ԣĿ꣬Ӱ񷶦׽ɽ̵˻Ӱ񷶦ûκһϻҪˡ
ӷ֪Ӱ񷶦䵽˭ǶǸвҲڲʱԼȻԼѾ֪ǶǶԼвͲϣ˭ߣǿǿߣҲߡ

˶Ҷһ֮ʱͻȻһͬϵϵУżȵɭϸɭߵĽϡ
ԼҲе˼飬ɽ˻ɽڵˣͳͳϰĴڣ϶磬ЩˣûʸԼ֣ɱǣֱԼ֡û뵽ʱ򣬾Ȼ˸Լ˻뿴ԼģǸʲôɫ


1973 һ
۵Ʈڸ߿֮ϣ·ֵĳӷ磬һȥǰͨ꣬ɢҲǺǿ˿ܷǳС
һС꣬ȻҺԼߣⲻ𡣵ҲѾʶһ⣬µ꣬ղһȻ޾ϣϾȻԼ֮£Լ߳ЩһӵеϣͨСǲеġ
ƾӷһϣ˾ͲСӳӷ磬Ҳ֤˾ԲĿһе٣֪ʲôҪأʲô˿Եϡ
ռӷʱܳȻΪӷ絣ĵģ˿һѹȺ۵ĽɫټĺĴ½³ǿ֮⣬ûӵ˵ˡң˵пܲǿ֮¡
ôˣôͻȻðһǿ֮µ궼δֹѽֹǹ½УͲǿˡ
һһǿľ𣬴ųӷ壬ٵԡ
һҳӷҲв½ˣˣԼв½ҲûϵֵǣΪʲô½ǱߵˣҲ˿ѵǲ֪ӷǵ
Ȼ֪Լߵˣֹģǣ½Ǳߣûκһʶӷѽ
Ӱһ˶½Աߣ˵ȫսɽ׼
ھ仰ȣ½˲û⣬Ϊ֮ǰûпҲתͷһ½һˣѾϳա
մˣô
ڱôࡣСֵǵˣ׼֧Ԯ
ʲôСǶ½ˣղҵıء
ڲ˵ЩʱǸ̫ˣֵȥһġǶ½ѾܶûֵĲſ֮ˣ첻ôҲҪֵȫ
½Ȼʶӷ磬ǾԲȥգȻ˵ӷԼˣǾһԼˡ
ãȻǶ½ˣȻΪսһϣա
һϣգᣬûˡ
˿ųӷ磬ӷһҲη飬˺ǳԾǵһμ˸ԼԵģڵɵľͱ˳
¡һ˵һȻ֮γһ޴ֱӾסɽ
Ҫ֪ɽ֮֮ǿģ˵Ȼɽ֮ǿʵǱ̬Ŀԡ
㣬£
ǿ˵ˣȴ᲻أûнĺɱҲûӵĲмһˣ
¡
ӷɲһʼͰոˣԵĻòҪ֣һ֣ԼɲһܻϾһ̫ǿ
ЩõĶҿ԰ͳͳᵽ֣һҪȫ㡣
ӣҲǸ̫֮ӷҲʮֿ
ЩһöûСֻĶҲá
˿һõӰ񷶦Ӱ񷶦Ѿա
ⶫҲãܸ㡣
ɡ
ʲôûá
Ĳܸң
Բܡ
ȻˣҾֻܶˡ
ʵ⣬¡ңɱ㣬ΪЩ
ҪϻĶ֡ɱ֮ǰҲܽеĶˡɽʲôҪҪǶû´ĻǶҲҪ
Ȼ֪㻹Ҫ
ҪҪͬҪҿǻǺƽ°ɣ򣬾һ
ӷȷ˵Ķ֣Ҫɱӷ磬Ҳǲ̫ܵģΣ֮ʱӷԽ񷶦ʵڲУô۸𲻻ĲܵģԳӷŸվ˶
ҲеԥˣȻӷ˵ˣԲӷ統һ£ȴ޷֤ڶԸӷͬʱסԼҪĶ
УӵסУ㡣
У
ôĿһȷʱ
ӷԳ¹˭˭û¹ԼǿǿҲӦʤǿҲǼֲֵˣֻе⣬ǰˣɱǰǿ߻Ҫǿ
ǿߣҲǡҽУ㻹濴ҡҿɣһУֻҪܽӵסһУߣҾԲ鷳
ʲô
һ´סˣԼ𣬻Сӷˡ
Ҳ֪֮ʵ̫Уǿ㡣ҽһУҲ̫˰ɣ
ٷϻˣһУǽӻǲӣȻҪߣס㣬ţӦòԼԼɡ
Ǳ˸ģԼġں½УֻǸ֮ˣԼԼӣҲû˻ǵ˭
ģ½оȻǸ֮˼ǲ˵һͲ½еĽɫԺռģߣԺġ
ӷյռ䣬Ĵ½ʱѾ磬Ĵ½֮⣬ɻ޾ĺھ½ңԶĺϴʲôӷڻڿԿ϶һ㣬ˣԺ磬½֮ĺŻ½Ǹ֮
ӷҲĸϻһָΪѪ棬ʵһУǽӣǲӣ
˿ųӷѪָͻ䣬ʵʲô
ӣһԺ磬Ǻ⣬֪ѪԪأ£ӷ͵ռ˾ơ
ʲô㲻ùܣһУҲĽӣҲĽӡ
ٸϻѪԪأֱӳ
Ӱһٵ㿪ӷѪԪأѪԪؾ͸һ㣬ʲôطϣװ׷ƵģѪԪһֱ׷š
ž
һû񣬻˵뿴ӷʲôֱӾѪԪشϡ
ŴԼϵѪԪһ˺ûУ˲ɵҡҡͷ˵ͻأѪԪأʧˡ
һУ
ʲôȵȿ
ûʱ˷ѣһѾˣһжκãҾˡ
ӷҲߣǲ̫ܡ
˸һתȴϣԼȻڶʱֹ֮ͣת
ô£
Ѫ棬ֱ˵С棬Сȫֹͣ
ͬʱӷҲ̽鵽˵ڣȻӵǿǿޱȵ磬ռֵĻɣӵһ硣
˵ڤһĻӵڤ硣
Ҫ֪ʱ̫һڤ磬ͿԸӷ翹⣬ڤ磬Ƕôؿֲ
ѹһǿˣһѽѾôӶᣬôģ


1974 ʱ
ӷѪԪزֹͣСУͬʱֱ̽һС棬˵ķ֣һСڣȻӵڤͬ磬ҲռƵһ磡
һ磬͵ڤ磬һҲѹӷ綼Ķˣųôۣ߲һԳӷ籾ԲһĶ֡ȻѪԪرǿʮʮǻϣģڵѪԪأҲֻܳ˱û˿²ãȵǿߣ𵽵Ҳ̫á
ֻ˻һ𣬾ȻӷѪԪظƳС棬ֱӾͷ˳ӷС
ӷȥļһѪԪأܱƳʵ̫̬˵ɣ֮ǰûֱӶ֣Ȼ롣
һУûס
˵ѪԪض˱˳ӷ绹ǱȽϵģ٣һУûнסڶʱֹͣתڳӷ̶ֳȵ˵ѾǼΪѵˡ
û뵽ССв½ȻˡòϣղǵǰδĹǿֻϧ̫Сֻûзá
ѽԼ֪ѪԪصĿֲˣһǳӷ᲻Σأˣ᲻³ӷأ
죬Ҳƽϣ½ҲֻΪ˵õҪĶȻڶѾõˣҲͲȥСֵܣǽǵһμҲϣһΣΪڽսϣҲ㡣
˵꣬ҪתȥӷҪֹҲҪֹ
վסߣ¡
ӷ˲سŵڲ򶼲ˡ
ǿơ
֮ı֮ʱһ޴ıɽ˵ϷγɣΪǿѹȥ
ô
һֻ֣ͽӷıɽסˣ߿УȻһֶֻסӷıɽʵǿѽ
ˮ£ЩԪߣӷһȫ⡣
СӸͲԪߣΪʲôܷ
ѧ㣬С⡣
ϻ˭⣬˵ھ⣬ԼҲû취ѽ˵ѹסһҲˡ
ӷһЧֱӾͷѪΪǿģűƿȭסȴϣ˸ûҪӷ綯֣Ƕסɽһգͼɽ顭һȫը˿
ˣĻͱҲˡ
ӷ¿ŭˣļһҳӷҪĶҲ߲ˣжٸһ磬£ǾͰɡ
ҵģǾͱˡ
ӷıаɽһڸ˵
һ̣˲˽⵽ԼղŻ̫СӷˣӷԼУҪǿ󣬶ǿַ·ڳӷԼġ
ӷ˫ٵķת䣬ӺɫѪɫȫƤҲ𽥵ήϣһ
аΪá֣ﾡ١ҳְɣʿ
Ҫ͸㶷ףԼû취Ķ֣ǾԸ㡣
ôۣڣ˽ڣϸҹʿô۵һ

ڳӷı⻺֣ȫµļȫʼήڳӷԺУô۵
СӣȷҪ
͵ڷһвȥ
ȻǲĿǣǾͱҪ𣬳ӷѾܲôˡôԼڼôãҪ飬Ѿᡣ
ȻСӾٶȵ㣬̫īˣⱻǿ߷ˡ
ô۵Ļ˽ͬʱӷı⣬ʱΪһ˫޴ɫ
ŶȻӣϣ󲻵Ķ
棬Щˣȫųӷ米ֵɫÿһ˶е˼Ƶġ
ѧ㣬𣿡
ûСӿ湻ݵģȻ߶ֹһԴȫγɵģ˵Ľᾧһ⵽𻵣Ǿ͵С汻ˣѽ
ռ䣬ӷֹ֮Ϊ뵱ʱΪĹӷˣŵ֮ģ˵˵ҲûֹÿһԴߵᾧγɣ򲻵ѵʱ̣κһԴ߶õġ
ڣӷˣ˹ɳӷĹȴǱγɵģô۵γɵģҲ˵ҪƳӷĹҪôۣôۣ˹Ǳ˵Ҳǳӷ籾Ǽڳӷڵôۡ
û˵ȴװƣΪû취𡭡ɣ֮С
ۿʿȫ֣ϵϢҲȫɽĽ
Ȼʱ򣬸ߵĸ߿Уһ⣬ǵڣһŮˣȴ޷Ů˵ò
֮£˽Сӣߡ
ӷȻ̧ͷɣļһͻƽɽģԭһȻһŮˣˣǺηʥ
֮ΪˣҲۣͷϽڵʵѾ֣ΪʲôҪ
ҪʣǡиҪҪȥ졣
ΣҲŭֱӽеĶӷǱһһ⣬ֱӷ硣
ӷһԼȻ̻ȥʿһֽס˻Ӱ񷶦ûȷӦѾɵ⴦ߵĸ߿֮ϣ·ĳӷ˵СֵܣҶѾ˼ȤǽҪµĻսٻغϡһġ
ӷȻǲ·磬˵߲ܣʱ㡣


1975 ǳ
ˣҲɢˣӷų֣ǵ⣬һСû뵽ȴܳΪţ˵Ŀǣ磬ޱѽ
뵱ӷһıǲǶôǿĵˣͳͳɱȻĶӷǲҪΪӷ籾ѪԪȥ̽ӱ˵С棬˵С棬ֻҪѪԪصǿԴ˲ͬˡ
Ŀǣϣһպ˶ȥֽԼв
ߡΪɻľҡڣһòע⣬ҲΪһˡ
еĶжôôǿֻҪԼвǳӷͻû˿ԥģٵ
ڵǣⶫ˼ӲղǸ۵޷˿ˣԳӷҪⶫ𣬼ֱǰΡ
ڣ˵ﲢֻһȻⶫŲһξѪǾͿԽξѪ
ȱװưͣⶫһٲˣԼٰɡ
ڳӷԺ𣬵ԵĺСģǽ˵ܻĻҲܵôˡ
˵һռռ䣬Ű裬ռг˾ڤ⣬е綼㴴ģôһ˵ǿߣ͸ӼèƵģ
ڲôڵı֣ӷʧʧУԵе⣬٣ôۺµˣԼ£ʱԼܴǿߣ˵ԼռΪǿ֮ˡ
ԹĿѵǲɡⶫû취ԼŰɡ
˵ǲɵġⶫֶܷ֮ΣΪһξѪȻѪģȻܹƾѪˡϸҿסǵξѪⶫ潫ݻٵ
еȻˣ˵ΪʲôΪʲôû뵽
˵ӶģӣҲҪǱˡ˵ϻϸɻ
СӣαǷˡϽƶȥھѪⶫˡ
ӷҡͷˣѾ·ȥͬʱֳһˤ˳ȥ
ֻǶֱӱӷ綪֮ڣУͻأ¡һвһǿҵıըҲΪǿҵıըȻɽϿյƣȫɢˡ
ڳӷ绺֮Ȼ̧ͷɽΧһƬƬսĳңҲһʮʵɢ
巽еѾɢȥÿһ˶һ˵ľ档
ɣȻ¡ƣ
ɽĽˣ
ӷԼеĪѵǸղŶĶıըˣû뵽ڵȻ֮ǿѹܳΪĿˡ
ڣνıٵĻ٣˶ĶᣬɽĽҲѾƣ˵Ѿˣڵڣɽв½ĵؽ磬в½ĶǳǵˣĴѧԺˣˣͬõ˸
˫һתӷ磬ӦöԳӷ綯ֵģǳӷ磬һﲻᱻ٣ܾ䵽Լ¹ѧԺ
粢ûж֣ǳӷȥӷǰʱԵķǳ˵Сӣ𣬸ղǵǿߣȻоġ
ӷһЦԼעô
ˣȻͬһϣǾӦ໥
˭ͬһСӣϽȫ
ֱӳǰӷӶ͵Ϯüɲܾˡ
˵ѾͷԼԼ⣬ôܷأղŴҵһģ໥֮ᣬ͵ײϵĵزҲģͬѽ
ٸһףࡣ㲻ȫǱ½ûꡣ
罫費ϰݣʵղŵЩÿһ˶ٶõһΨ½֮ŮûõϣȻǹⲻȥģһʱϢ˱½ôȥڱɽѧԺ㣬ʲôһ
ûĻλС㣬Ǳ½ɽѧԺɣ
֪ʲôʱʲô飬ڲٶˣΪӦϾͻٴȥҪչ½֮Ĵսˣûȫ׼˵ûȫʤİ֮£ʵĸ½׷սĴ½ѾǷ̣ʬҰһ֮ˡ
֪¹ѧԺĽ̵磬İ칫ҲҲٵϡȻ֪˭ֺαضһʡ
ͲԼôԼȥǳǣҲҶԼôϾԼ½٣ѵв½żȺԼɣֶ飬в½Բɵġ
ȻǱ½֮Ůв½в½ȻҪһµ֮ˡ飬ѾˣõõҲѾõˣһˣ˵˭ҲûʧȻСıвɵĻﵹмõı㡣
ͷ·ڸʾð㣬˽˶֪ûкô飬ǲģȻ¹ѧԺĽ̵˵ġ
Уı£ҸСûꡣ
ӷڸɴͲ˵ˣȥ˵ɣ˵ʲôǵ¡ӷţ綨ԼģΪģΪղԼǿǣǣÿһ½Ҫģ磬ǽˡ
ҿôȻ鶼Ѿˣ֮ǰв½Ҳûúдңھһȥǳǣһ֮ꡣȻߵģв½ȻҪϣպ֣ܲòҪ֣һԵ𣡡
绹ͦ˵ģܶ˼ѾûϷˣҲõˣռ˱ѵԲɣǱ˵ĵ̣˵ĴǿɱԼҲߡ
ȻѾˣϲ½͸ˡ
½Ҳˡ
ߵ˵մˣô죿
в½е˽ҪǾȻȥɡ
Ǻãմˣౣ֤λСֵܣǻص½پһۡǡ
½ˣ½ȥɽսҲֻϷȥ
ڳھֻʣ±½ˣƢҲͣģǲߣЩѧܸѧҲû취
ѧ㣬ȥǳǰɣ
ʲôȥģСҵĶѵǼȫȥߵңҾ͸ȥһǳΡ
ǡ
ȫ¾ͺˣʲôҪʣȥǳǵ飬Ҳ֪ѧԺûС
ǣѧ㣬ǾںߵµĻ֪ͨǣɱǳǾ
ƨһҪǾ𡣸Ͻ
ߵȫˣߵĿͬȥǳˡ
СӣǰѲֵ飬ʵǱǸûĻЩˣ治֪ô˵ǰһˡ
ˡҿڻҸطԵ㶫ɣǲλֵҲˡ
ǺãǾֱӻǳǡ
ϵ˵ϵˣѧԺ취ɵֹ㣬ڿ󳡰ɡƬأ뾡һа취ƽ﷢飬Ҳϣٷڶˡ
ڶΣеڶĺ£Ҫллˣǲ̫ܵġ
ϵ˵ͷͬ⣬ӣԼҪɽ⿴ؿ󳡵Ĺѽ
λǾȳɽɣǵȫˡ
飬ҶѾ֪ͨǲýˣѾˣǻǳǸˣ
Ȼڳˣڲ֪ǺȥδӣǾս޼ɸԪ
ֵܣˣ㿴ǻȥĴ㣿
ս޼˵ǰǳǾѾݲˣڣݲ¡в½ҲǵļˡᣬֻһЦˣ󣬵õֻǱɽһ֮ֵܣҲ뿪в½ˣصأӽΡ
ã߰ɡ
ս޼ɸԪͬʱԳӷһȭ˵λǾԵټˡ
ڲս޼ǳӷ绹磬Ϊڳ˶֪ս޼ɶˣѾв½ˡ
ȻλҪߣǾͺڰɡ
˵ս޼ɸԪεʧӷףǰ׵ꡣȻӷȻ˵ġ
Ҳ˵ȻǳǸв½ѾݲˣϣǲսϼȥɣΪ֮
ս޼ɶҲȥ˵λʲôߣǳǣţʽӭλ͡


1976 ǽ
ǳǻǸǰһԵļΪƽǶԼ飬ϰ࣬°࣬һոһգӣ·ûиͷ
ȻѪӵϢһЩȥɽˣȻǴǳȴĴѧԺ˻ÿһҲǸ̥ԼǳǵõѪӣǹкܶ˻ȥѪӵ⣬ѪĴѧԺﻹʱǳĵͻ᲻ϵĳ֣뾡һа취ȥѪŪ֡
ǳǵ˵ڲɽǱߵѪѾˣȴкܶıȥ˶ٶõһʱ֮䣬ǳǾԵıƽҪ౶ΪܶˣѾڳﻮôȥЩŪʱ
ӷһ˽ǳʱѾһ·߹е۾ȫԼЩˣһ񲻴˿ĿǶԼգ裬ЩˣҲƵ
ӷ֪Щ˵ͬδеǳǣӶķֲͬĴС顣
ȻȻģȻҲ᲻ܣһҲѾ׼ɽĿ󹤲ȫʱ鷳ĻǾעҪΪɽǱߵ¿󹤡
¹ѧԺ˵绹ʱ飬Ƕ˴⣬ԼͿԽͳͳ£ȫ͵ɽȥ¹ѧԺûκλġ
λѾǳǣȥԶٺõģȻҰסĵطǿô
ѾҶȻ¹ѧԺѧԺǱ߻ᷢʲô£ӷһ˿Դ
ӷҲȻҪͣ绹ûԹһٺõģڲɽǱ߳ԵĶסĵطͲ˳סġ
ǾͿǳʲôɫˡ
һ·һҾƵ꣬־ƵʵľƵû̫װųӦǼľƵꡣ
Ƶ·ϣ绹ǳӷˣÿһ˵ﶼŲͬ뷨ȻҪ취ӷϵЩľԾôܽ¹ѧԺв½Ŀ
ڳӷ磬˵ٵģʵڣӷ綼֪ԼʲôһѣѰˣǼ׳۵䣬ÿһ£ѽ
û˵̫ķϻ˵ӷ綼Ѿ²⵽ʲôˡԼ뵽ǳǣʵҪģҲֻԼһ˶ѣĿģѾˡ
һڣƲ˶Ѿˣȫһʳһ̳̳ģδУָŸУٷ֣δŵĽ塣
Ǽ¶ǣһںȹ⣬ӷȵıȽһҲû
С㣬ǳǵĿζǱ½ѩǵĿζͬθڵĻҿԽרΪСˡ
ûкøе˵ˣǳҲ͵ģõҪĶ뿪
ȻѾˣαôءҲɷģǳȻеģԲô
һ治ǻô
СΪ½һɽѧԺǱ½ѩǵĵһѧС¹ѧԺҲǷǳȤİɣ
ôһʣֱӾͿ
ԭȥʶһ¹ѧԺĹģо¸ǳĴѧԺĴ䣬Ȼ綼˵ˣ˼Ҳȷѵ軹ܾɡ
ҵȷȥʶһ¹ѧԺֻΪ½ˣ¹ѧԺӦòỶӭҰɡ
С¹ѧԺ̫СˡĻ¹ѧԺĴţʱΪ㳨
ȻˣҾͲˡ
ֶ˵֣֪в½ʲôֻСµĻҵǿ԰һѡ
Ƕ½鱨ԱȻ˵԰ϼһʲô
ΣʲôҺǲ̫ܵġ
Ѿµڴʲôעˣֱһڸܾ
ڶ½һ鱨Աʵ̫ϧˡܼв½ΪǳǵһӣҿԱ֤¹ѧԺضһϯ֮ء
ʽʼǽˣܽոڹԼв½ֶһԱͽ
Σ˵ʵɡв½ֻΪԼ˽°ˣ½ûϵʲô˽£Ҳܸ㡣
˽»治˵Ӧ˵ղ˼˵
½֮Ů֪ڲյ̬ҲԣʣµľֻһӷˣҲڵһˡ
ڣ֪Сĸմأ
ҽгӷ硣
֣֪֡ûȤ
⻹ѻ˵꣬ӷֱӽӻҵûʲô⡣
粻ɵһ㶣ԼûˣӷԼȴӦˣļٵġ
յıһ䣬˵һ룬ӷӦв½ѵ
Ϊ鱨ԱعģĹĹ˵ӷǱв½ǳǣ¹ѧԺĽ̵룬˳Ķࡣ
Ըв½Ϊǳǵһӣ
ʲôԸģҶԶ½ҲûʲôøУв½Ҽ룬Ҿͼɡ
˶٣ӷ˵Ҫ¹ѧԺ
¹ѧԺ
µͷӷ֮ǰ˵в½񣬾͸¹ѧԺйأҪ¹ѧԺҲӦв½ҲͲˡ
ǲ֪գʲô
˸־Ҫߵסߵĸϲߡ飬ԼЩ£ҲӲܡ
ǺãٷҾʹλȥιһ¹ѧԺһΪǳǵʽڽ¹ѧԺ£Ҳ֮ڸ㶨ġ


1977 ø
һٷǷǳȰӷ˰סĵطڣӷ˵ʮֿ֮ˣɽһۣ緢һǿˣڶ½պ󶨽ΪԼв½ľ޴вڵԼҲȫࡣȻǰǣҪȸӷǷͶв½
¹ѧԺ̵ΰ칫ңҶæͳ˽ְԵĿʵʲôȻ뽫½СӸڹ
ȷܻ˭ڳӷ磬ӷ绹һھʹӦˣôô⣬ȴû̫ںЩ
㼱ǽˣƢʲôʱܸĸģ
˵ôɵģѵ㲻֪СӸգǶ½鱨ԱڲҪڵв½¹ѧԺ߷һʱը
һ紵ӣµĳóһݺļϣ˵ЩҸմǱҪϣԼɡ
ϣ˵ҲţҪһſĻ治֪ҪʲôʱҶҲûȥϸǿϵעǳԾ
ǹĴ½Ļ鱨
ûЩֻ֮һˡҶӦúЩϣв½鱨Աģÿһ鱨ԱǿеǿߣǵΪģͽЩϰˡЩУĴ½Ա䣬Ҳһ½߹ؼڣв½УĴ½УҲͬС
ϣг֮⣬κ˶ûʸ񿴵ġôõֵģ
ΪҸгǽгӷСӣг˲ɽСҲ⣬ҵĹڶ½ˡ
ŶгСҲȤ
ûˣڲɽʱֵǸ۵ǿǿһôĵزҲ²⣬пԺģһǿߣ֮¶ˣӷСӲǿԶռˣ꣬ܳΪһ
˵ûСӵȷСӡǣ˵ܳΪһͬʱҲܳΪһ޴вҿڻǰСӸպв
гѾˡȻûо԰յ֮£гҲͬСӵġ
㵽ʲô˼
ҵ˼˵СӣͲǶ½ˡ
˵ʲôСӲǶ½ˣ
ûԼЩϣЩУûгӷСӴڣ͸ֶ˵ҸгԿ϶ԲǶ½ˣ½Ҳûһ˵õˡ
࣬ڣҶҲòϸȥһˡ
һСʱҶٶȣеȫһ飬֣ЩУûгӷ
Ƕ½ˣأѵҲǸðģ
ģոӷ֮ǰͲʶҲ֪ӷѲֵʱΪʲôҪգ˵ԼǶ½ˡ
ȲСǲǶ½ˣҪ¹ѧԺĻǹݸҪɡ֪¹ѧԺǺһѧģһˣǾӦ֪ѧԺУһôĵλ
˵ͷ˵ûͬңԺˣ꣬ȫѧԺ¹ѧԺ˵Ǿζǽ쵼ˡҲþһа취ȥҳӷݸȴ鲻
鲻
ţֲ²⡣һӷСӣһļ壬Ǹ壬Ƕ֪ġڶп硣ҶӦúԴǰʧ֮ǺĴ½磬ûϵˣڣǶ֪絽׷չʲôˣӷĻǸ˵Сɫ˵ʱǻͨӷСӣڵһЭҲ˵
Ҷ˵ǻ᲻Ǻģ
ⲻ̫ܡгѾˣڲɽǿߣӦþԺģȻӷ綼ʶǳӷͲԺġ֮ܶгѾӷ磬Ϊв½ľˣߣҲѾԺ㱨£ԺĿǰڱչУҪܳ
Ժͬأ
ԺгֵܣȻгѾͬˣԺͲܷԡϾһδľǿߣǣǰһġ
ǿߣȷ˳ϢУ̫һָʲôλã
̫һ¹ѧԺƣǳӷ磬ȳΪһŸưɡ
Ҷ¹ѧԺ۳ӷͬʱӷסĵطҲƽ
豻ڳӷ˶סһȺһ޴ĵأȫǱ
Сӣҹ
Ϣһĳӷ磬ͻȻ˴󺰴Уʹĳӷ޷˯ֻǴӴ淢ʲô¡
ʱڳӷסıΧѾ˺ܶЩȫǱġ
ʲôѽȻ󺰴Уѵ֪ʲôط𣡡
˵¹ѧԺĿˡ
ԭˣֲõô󣬸ط󺰡
û˵ѾͷǱ½ˣһǸء
½в½ͣ¹ѧԺģ⻹ǼȤ顣ˣղ˵ѾͷǸˣ
ûǱ½衣
裿Ǳ½ɽѧԺ䣿

ʱɺˡѾͷڲɽ˺ܶ౦ס£ǣлˡ
̫ˣ˵ѾͷڲɽıȫһСӸˡ
£˵ΪѽԪظǿޱȣΪ½ǿ߱ĵļ̳ˣʲô˿Դѱߣ
Ǹ˾͸˲ˣ˵Ƕ½ˣǰΪѲֵңץ͵ɽ󹤣β֪Ϊʲôǻˡһ˵СӻͶǳء
ͶǳǣǱνô
Ӧǰɣ˵гѾͷͬˡ⣬绹Сӽ¹ѧԺ
˵ʲô˵¹ѧԺҪһԶ½Сӽ룿ǿѽʮ¹ѧԺһ̫һ֮⣬ûʸ¹ѧԺģСӣǸôĽɫ
ſɣӦϾҪˣһŮָű־ͲǸˣ
ʱ˫ֳСվڳӷסıſڣҪĻ쵰ôŮ˵Ķڲ¶ϸ̹Ѷң
ģĻʲô֮ŮǸø


1978 ˼
ʲôطʲô磬£ǶһֻԼкôĻǾ͸Ӳˡ
Ⱥоȫ˹Ҳ֪ϢΪʲôᴫô죬ȺΧˣҲȫϵΪÿһ˶֪￴ϷܾܵõһɽֵıǿǲģκһԴ˵żջ
ӷն̲סĽͬʱӱ˳ճ߳ӷ綼ɵһ¡
üһһŮ֣Ȼô˵Χۣ绹˼⻹ֻҪΧˡ
Сӣ㻹Ǹˣڿϳˡ
һԹ̵ڣҳӷ鷳ģ˭Ҳ޷֤ӷ᲻ʱܡ
տɲȥһСѾͷ֣ҲԼʱڲɽվͲмȥ͵Ϯ˵ĹȻǳӷģⳡϷɳӷԼȥʰ
ֵܣӣѾͷǸѲĽɫѽô˵Ƕ½ˣҲûӦҪͶв½¡ȻѾӦҪͶв½ˣǽ£ԼŰɡ
ӷ翴ĳ⣬Ҳѹ̫ˣûκεĺôһԱߵˣʧɱˣǳһŹġ
ղ£ֻΪԶв½Ҫ˻δڲɽ˼죬ɲ¶ˣĵ޷ض½ˡ
ӷ˵Ա߿ŰɣԸѾͷֶΡ
ӷǰΧЩô뷨㣬ֱӶһŭ
Ѿͷʲôڱɤǰɣ
벻ӷһȻȳԼһٴ𣬱Ϊӷ֮ǰһåĲԼ˵ЩеûԼ
ã֣ҵĶȻҺҡ
Ķʲôġɽκһģ˭б˭ãԼû£˭ѽ
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ԱһվıĮѧԺˮ¡
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û뵽ˮҲСӣѵҲסģȺ湻ֵġ
ǵʲôطˣǱ½Ҹǣǹѫֻжǳ׵˲ʸסһв½ˣǳûκιף¹ѧԺסѾǺܿˣǸµĻҶǲ
ѫֻҪǳй׵˲ʸסˮȴסҲ˵ˮ¶ǳܴĹˡ
ȻˮˣǳйûʲôûɵģΧЩˣôô̫й׵ѽ
ˮ£ǳѧԺѧȻ֪ˮµݣѯʵ
˭ֻҪǸ£ҵһŹǡ
ӷ˵˵λѣµĿŮˣһϵûС
ûκһѣ˵Сһ㡣
ǺãѣǾǵˡ
ӷ罫һתɫһ䣬ܶڳӷǰûһк³ġ죬Ĵ½ǳӷκԼǰţ˵һˮ£ֻҪԼ룬Գ㡣
Ųţһ֮ڣɱ
ӷƣֱˮ¡
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վڱſڣųӷٶ벻ӷʲôǳǣѵʾɡ
ÿСӡ
ͻأһӰ˹ֱӾͳˮµ󣬲һѽˮ¸ȶסӡ
ѧܣû°ɣ
ˮһ꣬꿴ȥǳ࣬׶࣬ˮҪ߳һͷϢʮŨΪʮ֮ǳ֮󣬶ңɢӦǸһڴԪߡ
û£ҵ£ܡ
ˮºǿˮ¶ȴûһ
СӣǲԿ㲻ʲôƢѽĸİɣȻĺܲҵġ
ҵЩӵûϵҵ飬ҲҪЩһܡ
ˮһ˵ӣ꣬ǳǵ֮ѽݸλȻףҪ¹ѧԺĸ߹ѧȣӦúܵ˵㡣
ðɣȻ㲻ҪҹܣҾͲˡѧܣҿҪ㣬Сӵɱ̫أһӵеʲôԪأֵĻ㲻ռ˿ôԴġ
ˮ²Ų꣬ǰ˵붯֣Ǿͷɡ
ӷһЦ˵㻹ҵĶ֣Ҳû㶯֡ڣҸѾͷ֮飬ǳǵˣòҪ֡
ûҸСӵ£в½ٹܡ
ڱ˵ĵϣб˱ܣò˵ӷ趼йŵġ
Ѿͷ㲻Ҫϵıﵹ治٣ûбµõǾҪֶˡ
䣬ӷֱӻһǴжǺʯͷҽⱦĵطһλǲģڲɽġ˭Ҫģɡ
ļһʲô˼
ӷһȻǵһʱᱦᱦɲܵڲɽǳǣҲҪһΡ
ʱ֮䣬ȺˣȫˣҲɵ֪ӷǹԼģŲЩһȥء
ˮ¸ǿҲûǼ໥ţ֪ԷЩʲô
ǿΧѾͷѪˣȥ϶Ҫ£óһֻ˵ѫ߳ˡ˹
һĹֻһ˱Ⱥһͷ˺ȫס֡
ʱ˭ȥѽᱦΪҪġ
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ӣ㻹ǸϽֹǰɣȥ϶
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һҲʲôطȻ£ȫҴȥ
е䵽лĿ
˵ӣµģСӣ޹ء
Ŷ㣬˵¹ѧԺνˣǳǣ¹ѧԺڣ㻹ǳǵˣȻ͸¡
˵λҪµѾͷҪҽڲɽõıҾԸóǳǵҪᣬʲôϵ
ٸףΪҲ֪ʲôǳ£Դ˱ץȥǰɡҸ㣬ֻҪѲڵһ죬κˣ¡ˣҽСӴȥ
һ¡
˿ɲֵ̫˵ѾȫǳǵˣϵĹҪõġ
û뵽ҪѳӷѲʱһվֹһŮˣͬѲֵˣͬʱҲ¹ѧԺѧ
˼ǸǳݷǳرŮ
˶ӳ﷢ʲô£Ҹջͼġ
Сѽûʲô£ϴС¶ѣɡ
Ŷ㡣˵㱻δسˣסεļû뵽ջ£㻹Ǹѽ
ȷӷ絽ʲôطʲôطض££㣬˼˵ˡ
С̣ˣҰɡ
˶ӳҿӦֻǸᣬ˰ɡ
᣿
ûˣСϾҪ¹ѧԺˣպٴ飬Ҳ¹ѧԺڲ⣬ڲҪˡ
˼ԣڰӷ磬ֻǲ֪ΪʲôҪ
ˣλʲôﲻģõˣҲкӹ챻׷ɱҿһɢ˰ɣ
˼˵ãһ仰ΧˣȫˣⱦûʲôϷˣǾ͵´лɡ
룬ôҲ˼ʵ
Ϊʲôǻҿױء
ңҲǴѧԺĻңǳǵ֮һѹָղˮ»˵ӵˡ
벻żȻԺԼǽҺȾô
СȻˮһҲŸƨӣҾͲ֪ˡ
˼鱻˼һ仰͸㶨ˣҲû˼ǴģȥɣԼҲֻӣѵֹɣһֹҲˣҲ޷
ȻûˣǻҪѲ飬ˡ
ѲֵˣӷЦǳǻ˼һСѾͷȻд˵ţһ仰ͽҸӸƽϢ
ǹµģ
ȻǹģȻΪôϲѽ
ΪʲôҪ£
ⲻǵҼǳֻ뿴ղ»ʲôӦҷ֣ʲôطˣһԼ飬ݻٱˡ
Ϊǳǣǳǻ˽⣬ղŶĶһԴ˵ջ̫ˣǲŻһʱͷԡʵղǶһ˵õˣҪģֶǲ䵽˽ǳƻ
乫˼
ѽǳ˼Ĺأ˼ӷ˼
ղ˵ҪҺȾǰɣ
ûλĻ͵ҼȥɣҲ죬ڵµĴƣλ½֮һЩǿϵġ
˵֮죬͵˾Ͳκˡȥ˯ȥ


1979 ۣʤӢ
˼ļ⹦ѫȺ۵һҲСһڱȺ䣬˵κעĵطӣԲѡΪƫƧĽ䣬ο⹦ѫǮĵأҪв½׵ˣܵõıȻסȻ׵ģ˵ӷ粻֪ĴСλãǲǰչ׵ĳ̶֣Կ϶һǣ˼õıƾʵģӦĸµĹ͡
ӵܾ͸˵ˣǻǳǵĴҴţѧԺĽߣӵżױûʲôϡġ
Ϊֵóӷעˮ£֮ǰԻĿ֪סԼĸֻȥȻѾȥô꣬ǺޣҲҪԼʵȥʵ£ͣȽϺá
˼ʱӷ緢һǳ˼˼סĵطСȻƫƧļȴźܶ˼ҶûеĶǹѫ£һһڸսŵǰһϣڷżʮѫ¸͵ĽǽϣʮƣȫǺڰ׵ģգ涼֣ÿһϵˣȫ̵ģҲҪ룬Щˣ˼ȱ
ӣ˼Ҳһŵӵܣֵǣӷĵһ죬Ѳ˼Ϊʲô˵Ĺ¶أӣֻһǾ˼ļˣȫѾˣӦ˵ȫΪǳǣΪв½ˣҲֻĽͣǳǵ˶ǳǣҪȫ˼һ
λ㣬ȽϼªҪ̫н
ˮ¸룬ҸطҲǰϵˮӣӦĳˣԵʮ⡣
ӷ赹ǲ㲻ϰߣϾڱ˼ܲܵһͽﵱԼҰɡ
˼ûݲ裬˼̳Ӿƹӷȵ־һġ
һȵʱ򣬶û˵벻ͣĺžƣˮǲȾƵģֻˮӷʲôҲûɣֻʱʱĳΧ˿رǽϵЩոѫ¡
ЩҵȱҲҵ游ĸи׸ĸס
˼ûһ˵ģһڡ
ӷǵͷʱҲ˵ʲô˵ȫһȹѫ£ȫ̵ģѵ̼֮󣿡
ʲô̼Ҳ̼ҵģѾˡ
ѹָղЩôĻˣԭв½Ǿѽ
ӷʵ̼ʲôģ
˵Сӣ˵ǰǶ½鱨Աôǳ̼Ҷ֪
迪ʼӳӷˣӷϡ
ֻǴӦв½𡣡
ߣڶ½ҲǸʲôûɫв½ҲʲôΪ
ҵ£ܡȻҶĻֻ˵һ䣬Ͻȥɣʮʮлҽ֡ڵҲֻܱɱ
湻ġ
ˮ˵ˣǲмһ仰
ȻǱ½ģǵжԣϣˣ
Ŷ˵˵ЩʲôֶΣ
ֶҲ֪ȻܳΪ½һеǱɽѧԺǿ֮һĵļ̳ˣʵԲ֮¡
ˮ¸ͬΪԪߣԪ˵ĻҪ񱱲½ּ֮زŻ֮⣬ʸǱкڵѧϰ˵Ľ̵ϵġ
ǿ֪𣿡
ӷһʣ輸ûдЦ˵Сӣǲɵˡ⣬ɵϻ硣
˵˵Ϊ䣿
ϻȻΪǿ֮ˣΪ֮ˣ֮ˡ

Ȼأ
ˣ䣬ͲҪ˵κһ
ĸ˵˫ۣȫ˳ӷ硣
˼ʵҪ𣿡
ȻҪȴ˵䣬ģţĿ޷ĵλǴֹۣǹֶΣҾԡ
аһû΢ߣܳΪһ䣿
ӷ練ʵУ˭ǿ˭
Ȼ߸ǿ
ǲ͵ˡǰɣ
û
㣬ղܲһ仰Щȫɢȥ

Ӧò̫ܣ˾Ƕִ򵹼ˣô˸ѹλСͲͬˣǼ֮£˵Ļ¹ѧԺһҲǺܴ㣬ҵʲôѲֵʱѾ̹ˡǣֲôҲǿˣղһ仰Щȫɢȥ˵ʲô
˼Լ֪ӷ絽ڿ佱ԼڱԼһ˵ôһ˵Լ΢¹ѧԺһ
֮ܽɢȥΪҸ˵Ϊ
֪Ϊ汲Ϊǳ̫࣬ǲŻ㣬㡣쵼ߣҪģûղЩˣΪȱӲɢȥģ㱾һֵ𾴵ˣǾȱٶҲûáνһһɢ߲ıȱ۵Ķ࣡ɽףؽɽѽ
ˮ˵С˵û˼ƽѾˣܶʱԼԲһڷҲҪø˳ԣ棬ܶʱ򲻹ĵط㶼վΪЩ˱ƽϵͷȥӰҿһţЩҶڿۣ᲻㡣
˼ЦôӦ𡣡
ӷ˵ˣ쵼ߣĳҲֻһŮӢ۰ˣУɲ£ɲһ㻹ĺܲңΪģһȥһȨƣһٸȥһȨƣһȥưԣһǧȥۣӮң
ӷһ˵ĸˣȫסˣΪǻǵһΣ˵ǰδ
ӷ˵ҲӢۣĸ³Щһλڸλ
СֵܣļȻǵһ˵˵еǺһ
֮߾֮߼½ܳưԺĵģ˭
ˮһʣĳӷʱһѵԼǺȶ𣬲˵Ķ˵ˣղŵЩЩţֻһЦ֮һǵȵλ˶УͲͬˡ
ˮ»ʳ⣬ԼôشǶ粻ô˽⣬˽ˣҲеһѽɾͶˣϾǿ̫̫࣬࣬ܳΪģҲǵôÿƶкУѡ֮ˣԼ˵˭ԣҪϽԼҸ̨£һʽǳǾͶˣ


1980 åϳ
ʵ˵ˣӷҲش⣬Ĵ½Ŀǰλãӷ˽Ҳͼˣģӷһ֪ҪӲͷƤ˵ǾֻܿɵˣһɴˣǸĸԼµľһ֪Ǹʱ򣬴ˣˮģģܲµӷͲˣ
ɾʱ򣬱ţһ죬óӷ˿
˼ûжųӷ粻ţȥţڻ룬һֱںȾƣ軹Ķųӷ磬ҪӷǧƵģֻһˮ£ӷȽر·ʳӷղŵ⣬óӷһ𰸣ˮҲǸͱ˵þյĵ׵ġ
˼㣬ϽģǮңá
⴫һ˵Եĺĺܼ
С壬㲻ȥˣǮ裬ܽһأҲѽǰѾµѶˣȥģȥɲǸ취
ã»ǮģǶԻݣӦ˼ʲôǮˣˡ
˼㣬Ҫңϳһ⼸ǷǮȫϵģֻʱ̫ãһȥϴ裬ùȫϴȥǮӮ׼ûġ
Ҳ㻹ǮҰӦõġֻ첻ȥѧ֪һȺСԺζģѵһС壬ڻС·أҲϣټõҵĻǾһ仰쿪ʼȥѧԺѧҪȥˡ
ϳСӿӻǸĶĹ˼˵Ҳ¹ѧԺѧȻ̼ǼӦûȴҪ˼Ǯ첻ȥѧԺѧ֤ϳӦø˼һĸǣӦȥˡ
ûõĶ
ͻȻһ仰ˮµıޱ䣬Ҳȥעӷˣ˫ۣת˱ſǱߡ
ֻſǱһ˽Ǳߴ̵ģ˭Ϲ˹ۣӡ
ϳֱӳ˼˽
ӷתͷȥϳԼʮ˾ӣϴĻͦģģӦǳǵưɣһͷзͦͣҲȥЩŹӸûֻ̫ϣźص
С壬
ϳԿ϶ղԼҲӦ֪Լ˭ΪˮʱԾһŰ̬֮һһָŻ۵ĶǲǻĲͷˣ
ҲʾѽȻŭͶ֣ӽ첻
ˮֲϲʵˣҲǺͶӦùµģʱȴվ˳˵ϳ壬Ҫ
ˮ£û£һȥȻͬһᡣ
û뵽ϳ廹治һţˮ¸룬ɶһǳһеٮٮߣȻ˵ͬˮһĻ
˼ǰסϳ壬˵㻹ҼҴҵѲɣ
ʲôѲѵģ¹ѧԺѧԺëѽ
ŭӽ첻Ū㡣

ˮһס룬Įû㣬֣ҵù
ˮ⻰һóӷе⡣
߼˵ˮ¶ϳ˵仰ӷ絹һ㶼֣ˮ⻰ȴǶԻ˵ģͺˡҪ֪ɻˮ֮ϣˮ»е˼ȴ˵ȻϳĶ֣ôܣϳͱСҲûɢ˶ѽ
үģӸ㣬˵㻪룬Ѿľ̫һӶûڹ¹ѧԺȺϻĸӲģѾĽӷϻŲھɱǻңָȮ
Щǲ𣬵ҪĻǺûӡ
ô˼ңһҪס
ðСӽ߳벽ټСӻš
룬ӻˣûУ˵ܣǳǣϵһ˭ϵڶ
ˡС壬ͱ˵ʶҡĵܵܣ˼ˡ
˼㣬£ǻ쵰ҵġղҲˣȻҷҲһԼＸӽӣҲҪ֣ʲô
ʲôӽҲҪ֣⻰˵е˼
ӷ粻ɵһЦһСãˡ
СӣʲôЦë߰
ң
ľ㣬ľĸô붯֣ĸһϰɡ
趼ѾȥˣŭСӣ̫֡
ϳһ˸ı䣬ͬҲˡ
ѽ˵˼㣬ʲôʱʶһ˶ˣ죬ҽһ£ܣ첻ˡ
һﲻǸĶĹѽĻǸɫж
һ˼ֹС㣬Ϣŭ
̫ˣһҪúýѵѵ
С㣬Ϊ½㣬̫һΣǽ֣ܷ̫һ˿
侲˵ûգ
Ȼû̫һ¹ѧԺѧеĵһǿߣҲ˵в½һеĵһǿߣɲκεı֤
Ǿˣûκΰ̫һռˣܵܣȴ̫ܽһɫܷ̫һ̫һͬʱ
˼⻰˵еˣȴûлɣΪղˮҲ˵ͬһ˼Ļ
ʲôˣ
ϳ壬¹ѧԺ꼶ѧȻѧԺ¶棬ѧԺҲûʵ˵ֻ̫һ


1981 ѣǵˣ
̫һǸôӷڻ֪ɼȻܳΪǳһ䣬¹ѧԺĵһѧȻǵ֮ˡ
Գӷ翴ˮ¸֣ĲӦò󣬵̫һôĲ࣬˼ĻУ˽⵽
ڣ˼Ȼ˵ϳСӵʵ¹ѧԺȻֻǽ̫һʹԲϾǱ뵽ǳǵģΪ½һ䣬¹ѧԺڶѧ򲻹ӿɾͶˡ
Ȼɲò˵ĸʮִŮˣ㣬ӷڲɽʱѾʶˡ
Ȼ費ϳ鷳ϳͲ衣
ĶĹɫжģϳǸĶĹ첻ѧֺУǳҲǸصصåŮһϷһ£οɫŮ
оѽŮȼ
ϳåֶѾʼˣϵľƣҪȡ
ʵڽڣ趼ûϵľƣΪԪߣں͵ƶĺνˮҲˣԣڣӲƱˡ

һֳڣΪϳģղŻһ䣬ˣοһȫʶˡ
û뵽ϳ岻ûаߣƵģЦȻŮϲȣǾұĵطȰɡ֮ͣҸõطһأ㿴ô
åжԶҹԶ
˵Ůôô˵Ҳǿġ
ӣǿߣֳһǲмɫ
ɳӷϳ壬ȴе㲻ͬĿ
ÿһѡʽͬߵ·Ҳ̫ͬһģֻһµһĽɫϳģֻңһ
ʵĳЩϳƴţͦģͬţͬʵֻϳʵƴţҪߺܶࡣ
ӷɲϳȥǻûûˣǣӷɢһǿֱɢÿһ䡣
ˮ¸룬һӦҲ˷׼ûκηĶΪӷǳԼġ
˼һ㷴ӦҲûУֻǸоһɾ޴ѹѹ֮£ʲôҲˡ
裬ڳӷɢͬʱѾ뿪ˣĳӷȽԶ˿Ķ䡣
ӷеľƱ˵μ棬ա
Ʊӳӷ𣬳ϳ忿
ϳ岻ɵĴЦһûбӷѹסǷųһڹԪأӷǲ˿Ԫص˵ȫ˾Ʊϣ˵ƵķǳãûнƱˡ
ϳһ˸ָƱֱӵ䵽С
Ʊһ£ϳһˬͬʱѾƱٴε˵ؾһ
ӷղʽƣϳȴԿٶȻؾ
ƱͻȻ仯Ϊһ⣬ڱڲͣתţһ̻ʲôλá
ӷʩչӰһҲ֪ʲôλãס˾Ʊһ룬Ѿصԭء
л
ӷҲһھƺ£ھƣڽоһĻ˼Ǵ󾪲ԣӷһȻԸϳƽ֡
ˮ¸貢ûгԾΪѾӷڣϳ¹ѧԺ̫һѧӷȴܸƽ֣ǲ˵ӷ磬̫һϳ壬˵ҲǺԶ
Լʵ൱ǿʱôŵˣϳû뵽˼Ȼһ˵õ
û㡭ŶҼˣ˵ϼһһСӼǳǣ¹ѧԺѵСӾ㣿
룬Ӧûеڶ˰ɡ
ʲô֣
ӷ硣
һϲʲô£
ӷûлشϳ⣬⻹治ôش𣬷ʵأ
ϲɶȥˡҵľƣ˯ŮˣǮɱǿĵˡ
ȥǶǮ֮⣬ҵľƣ˯Ůˣɱǿĵˣǣһеġ
ӣϳ壬浱һɫѽ
ôѣˣ
ϳһ仰ʳ⣬͸ѡˣȻֻǶԳӷѡˣϾӷ绹˽ϳľ
˼˵ǳ֮⣬û˸Ҹѡӷ磬Ҫˣѣ͵ڽ˺ܶˣоͰѧԺ̫һһ
˼ܸϳѣû˸Ҷ˼ôˣͺ˵ˡ
¹ѧԺ̫һһѧԺһҴСƲ
뿴ƸϳҲǵˣи磬ɣĴ磬ѧԺѧеĵһˡ
ϳ治֪ǵ˶ˣ¹ѧԺѧԺĵɣȫĵˣ֪ʱѧԺ޼ѧԺǸôء
Сģģӻ治мѡСҲˣû˼ˡ
š
ӷˣ£Ҳ¡ѣǾѰɡ
˼˵ӷ磬ҪˡҪ¹ѧԺģһڸСѣǻδ¹ѧԺ͵ȵ̫һһǶ˵һôûС
̫һʲôˣҲʶ
ãǳã̫һˡģһһڶӣ˾Ū
ϳ壬㲻ȱǮ㿴ⶫܻܲǮ
ӷϿûǮڵ磬ӷǮ࣬Ҫٸ٣ӷǸ⵰
ڣûǮӷбѽ
־óһʹ˫۷˵ҵġ
˼ϵڱ˭񵽹˭
öѽôȥǮ
裬͡
ҾͲˡ
ϳֱӾͽӷеı˹ҿһ£˵ӦܻǮ顣˼㣬ţȥˣȥȥ
ڲɽУиղţ˼ȱﶼͷѪϳȴһ㶼ںҪֱȥǮĲ
ϳɲֱˡ
ӷҲûʲô˵ˣ˼кҲ߳˱Ϊӷ绹бҪϳСӣǸݽɫСܣԼպķչаһ٣Ҫ¹ѧԺѾսѡ
̾˿˵˼һϳѾ¹ѧԺֵ췭ظˣֶСӣ¹ѧԺƽˡѧԺ͵ſǵĺϷɣ
ˮ˵ٹ죬ŵһһȶ¸Ժ䣬ڳӷСӸϳѣҪ¹ѧԺˣֶһ֡ǸϽȥʱǰ


1982 ֳ
ǳǵҹȵЩĹʶҪй֮޲ܶʱ򣬶ǲһ£ǵʱ䰲ŵıռռҪٵĶ࣬õȴռҪĶ࣬ҲΪԪĹϵɣټϸ߿ƼԭҲѹֺռռ֮ˡ
ȻռͬռΪصĿռ䣬Ϊռˣмռ䣬ӺʱʼռѾռ䣬ԼСĴڣǴͲϣ
ǳоưɣжĳֻҪǵеĶȫСûеĶҲУñЩƴĵطֵطʵҲǶĲһʽȭһʽǿ޵ע˭˭ӮֳأҲǷǳģϷģвκε٣˴ȭıĻǱǳǡ
ӷһСռĳ棬Ѿۼ˳ǧˣͺñһʼȭм̨ϣѾվˣ˶սףϾҪʼһıƴˡ
ڳصΧ˰˸̨λãȴһƴģҲҪκεĲи֣ǵ۾ѩģ˭˭Ӯһ۾ܿǰ˸̨ӣע˭˭Ӯģ
ƴϾҪˣûעѸϽˣʱһǾͻֹͣעʱӮǮĻᣬɱûѡ
ׯѾڹ㲥һע̨ǰϳӵȺ˽ֱӶһɫ壬ɫһǷҫ۵ĺڹ⣬ʹΧˣȫ򶪳ɫϳ塣
öѽǺöѽ
һ岻ͣĿţֱǷǳģĺöɳ룬ֱǵһμ
֪ǺöͱϻˡӾ͵ǧǮȫ췽ʤ
ϳһעһģѾԷǮûˣΣһҪ⼸ǮȫӮҲǳעǺ췽
ԭǳ١˵٣ⶫ޼֮ѽ͵ǧעǲе㡭
ٷϻ˵ǧǧϽģӿƱ
ȻԼںȱǳȻյȫˡ٣ҿɽ˵ǰͷⱦĻǵʱӮˣҲǮġ
ѾĵʲôѽϳĶܻӿɸ㣬ⱦǴӲɽģǵı
˻һΧˣȫϳ壬ܶˣҲѾ˴ģϳȻдӲɽıһǱضеڶǣϳϹ˿ˣʲôˣÿһ˶ʮϳåĶҪллˣȥĶ̫
˵ֵܣ㻹Ǳ̫࣬Сӣ̫һģϵõǾʮȥġ
Ҳֻѣ˭ȥĶѽ
ϳǳǵͷͦģȴǳԶ֡
ƴܿͿʼˣϳţԼһġ
磬磬
ͷͷСåϳ󺰡
ϳתߵǱߣСåϳղóıʵ磬бѽɽıﶼĵֵ֡ʱͷȽϽ
ģӽǮӱǻ
磬Ҷֵܣǵ˲񷱦ģôûǮһﶪ޼ֻ֮ǧģ֤ϻбġ
ʱˣܲʲô۸ʲôģӻûˣղǼǸղ½һ͸ҵġ
ѽǳӣύѣǴֱѽʲôʱҲʶһ¡
ƨ˵ƴѾʼˡ
򣬸ӴŪŪ
ڱȷ֣һ㡣
ľУ췽ʤ
ڱȷ֣һһ
ʲôǼһǲϸŮ˸ɶˣôġ
ڱȷֶһ
磬鷳ˣĺ췽Ҫѽ
ȫʼɧȴûһ˺ʵģʵܶĶ췽˷ǳ٣ϳıȽû˽췽ע˰ɡ
磬Ǹˡ췽ܹˣԡ
˵ʲô
ϳʱ˫ķǳԼȫļҲѽȻڸҺ췽ˡ
ͣͣ
ͣˣһƴǳ죬һʤ˺췽췽ڵϣһҲԱ̧ȥ
ԣϳˣԷǮûˡ
ʵϳڶĲⷽ棬ǱȽзȵģҲ䣬ɽ첻ͬӷı޼֮ȴһʱļĻʱȥ۸ˣ϶Լĺ췽ӮҲ䲻ˣӮһЩչ̸۸ֻû뵽췽ѽ˵Ѿ˻̨ȥʲôĲǿӵ
һıƴ
һ¡

ϳѾͲסˣ޼֮ǧȥˣɲӦ
һϳֱӾͳ̧֮˻δǰϳһѾͽ֮˸˿Ѳ㡣
ȫ˶ʼ󺰴УԼʤˣԼӮǮˣϳȴ˵ⳡ㣬㻹浱ԼǸɫˣﻹֲ
ϳ壬ʲô˼ǲ뵷ң
һˣӦĹԱϳ̨һҪҵӣȻҪվֹˡ
˵Ͳ㣬ش򡣡
ϳ壬㵱˭ˣҲʲôطȻﵷҡˣ
ǣ
ͬʱǰû˻룬ϳ廹Ҷ֣Ϊϳû˲˵ģǵһΡ
ž
ϳһƼһţ̨ȫһָǾϹĹǰɣҸӽӻˣ˵Ͳ㡣Ҫ´Ҫͽӡ
ˣˣ
ӽˣһôģһҵˣ˭ߣҪ˭
ϳǸһåͷӣҲ¹ѧԺˣǳǿЩˣԵġ
֪ͨϰ壬˵ϳ£һ¡


1983 µĶע
صĺ̨һװ޺İ칫ڣһŮˣһϰǰһַۺɫľƣмһ֧ѩɫ̣ѩѵһ͡
Ů˿ȥʮңϴķǳ٣˵ֻǴһ̿㣬Ҳһǳ͸·¶˺ܶطƤ׾෴ƫͭɫģһļ⣬˵Ҫ
칫ڲһŮˣĸˣĸǱڵˣվſڣվŮ˵ߡ
Ůһɫľǰһļ㷭ʱ칫ҵű˿
ϰ壬ǰˡ
ܽ칫ҵһӣȥǽΪ֪ǰһ飬ֻҪһʱ䣬Ǿͽž޴ʧ
飬Ů˲ǰ淢ٴ£ֻҪӰ쵽⣬ܵġ
һСʱҲңȺһʲôõġ
Ůһ仰ԵǱ뺷ҲΪϰģ¶ȥģʲô¶ҪԼȥĻǻô๤Աʲô
ϰ壬οɲС¡ǰ海ңʹıƴ޷ȥ
ʲô
ŮȻվƴܼȥԼ׬Ǯ˲û׬Ǯ֪ԼһҪǮһʺӴ֣һϵıƴΪĳЩԭֹͣ˵׬ǮǮѽ
ĸȫλŮϰ壬Ů˶ߵ˵ȥһ¡
˵ϰ壬ҿȥһ˰ɣҵеر𡣡
ر⻹˼ˣԼﵷҵ˱Ͳ࣬Ȼر֣ǿӻǸ
ûв鵽Էݣ
ϰ壬ò飬ҵĳ͡
˭
ǳ͵ģŮ˻ʶرˣŮ˾͸Ϥˡ
ϳ塣
Ůߵڸȥ飬һϳ֣ȫֹͣ
СӣǲǳԴҩ涼üˣҲûҹ㣬һֱСͦġ
ϰ壬ͬϳС⼸һֱǮҵˣϼҸǵǮܹˣüζ̴СǮġһΣϳ岻֪ĸһԲɽıǧǰģˣһˬֱӳ̨ȥⳡƴ㣬Ҫ´򡣡
Ůˣԭϳһıǿ޼֮ѽѹ˼ֱӾ͵ҡ
еȫǰȥӦûô׽ϳСҲݵġ
ϰ壬ȥǾˣһϵʧһ½Ǯء
һ޼֮˵һµǮʲôȻϳ䶼ѾˣǱͱûȥⳡֵˡ
ϰ壬ҪҪ֪ͨһ
ҪҵܻܵڱչأҪȥ
䣬Ů˴ˣȫǰȥ
ǰ棬˻ںţţӮǮ˱ϳһ֣ǮҲòˣĶעҲ²ˣܲ
ϳȴʡ͵ĵƣɲΪ亰жңҪûģ첻Ļ±ƴǲݡ
ȫӱ졣ӸЩˣⳡӱȥˣ˭ˬľܷģھ͸ӹЩֲߵģӿɼסˣ쿪ʼӻһǵġ
ϳǿţַȻá
ܶϳ˵ҪԼʱߣҪùˡ
ϳ壬̫ˡ
ϰ壬Ѿ˸Ϲˣϳվ̨֮ϣǴͷǰŮˣЦû뵽ôһС£Ȼϰ塣ôϰ壬ȻѾˣǾ˵仰ɡⳡƴ¿ʼأǰѶӡ
ϰֱӾ̨˵ϳ壬ҽͰѻˡƴ´򣬶ȻѾˣǾͲܻ㡣ô˵仰ݷ㵽ס
ܺãΪһŮˣֵˡ˵ɣһϣһϣߣ̫һӽ˾ծһˡ
̫һݣˣԭһӣ̫һĽ㣬ѹͲ󣬾ȻԿôĳӣ涨̫һŵġ
Ը㣬Ǽ̫һǿҲ٣Ͳƴһ֮ռʲôˡ
Ǿɡ
ϳɲЩ˷ҪһͲˡ
ƣαضء
ⳡԭͲˣܶ˶ѾˣһȴӼٵȺڴ˹
ݸϳͬʱתͬǼȺУһӣǣߵˣȫվ׼Ϸġ
ӣȻǳӷ硣
һ·ӷ֪ϳϲӣǾ˹ȿϷϳûǮˣٸû뵽ϳȻֱӾˡ
ӷֱӷ̨֮ϣϳʵֵܣôҲˣ
û䣬˵ֵͦģͽˡû뵽Ҳ
ֵܣȥţȾƣ㻹һˡ
ʲôǼǮҲûҪǶ֡
ӷʱֶһϳһӣһƵĽƣ䵽ϳ
ǡ
ղѾˣǾҪ𡣵ȻˣӦҲֹ㷭İɡ֮ǰĶ͸ģⶫҽġ
ϳЦãȻֵұǮǽ죬ҾݳϷ㿴
һתϳ˵ǿȫɣҲˣֱǡһ֮ǿߣע
ϳҲСѽֱӾͽƶݡ
ݽӹʱ͸еԼȫȣǽɢģɼƵķͬ졣
㵱ⱦҶģ
ϻˣһϡ


1984 ȱ
һʲôҸҼӹʣֻҪϳ򵹣ʲôҾͱ֤ʮĿ
ʮ꣬ǳʲôҪǮʳסлֻСǮǮڹҩϣںܶ˵һĹʣҲһһŵҩˡ
ܰʮĿʮķҩǮҲݰˣҪ֪ʮǰʮĵҩͳһǿߡȻûǳǵ֮УֲȴǳΪеģ˵ʮʮ꣬˵ҲֻǾţһëɽһǰˡ
ˣǾջģԽջԽȥƴһԼǿǿߣںˣߣֲҪһȥԸϳ壬ⳡݵ˵Ҳϰˣһ˵ָܽϳ򵹡
ֻҪ򵹣ôݵȫЩμķ˳ϳʱҲһȺϲ̨åϳåҪмǧٱ
ϳʱɶǣ˼ЩˣҲûʲôºһǶĲŮˣѾþûĳˣȻݸҽңϳɴûҷۡ
мǮ𣬲һ̫һ𣬽죬ҾҪҰ˵ҽҩѣʮǰɣǾЩҽԺʮꡣ̫һ㲻¹ѧԺĵһѧ𣬲в½һ𣬽죬ҾͽҵĳӸˣûطš
ϳ翴ң̫һ˳ˣΪöģΪҵĶĳ棬ϳͽҵЩӸ˸⡣
պ£ϳһܺõĻᣬŪǣԲ⼸Ǯˡ
ϰˣȫԸеķϳą̂ϲͣ˸ţϳ岻־ֱɱһץסһ˵ļ粿˸ԼǰһֺֻȻ𣬾˵ϡ
ҵ߹ӽ鲻㡣
žžž
ȥ˴еķҲѾ˵ϣϳֱһ˴һ̨ˣ̨ıԵȻһ̤أֻӺ¡һȫЩƣһµ
ϰ壬Сġ
ݵĸڶûǱݰȫģʱҲҪǶ֣ڼĵµϳһнˣĸȻǵһʱ䱣ݡ
ùңĸҲϣСӡ
ǣϰ塣
ĸڵõݵͲҪȥɱˣֻҪȫϳ巢ɡ
ӷ棬𾢣˵ʵӷе㰴಻סЩСɫϳһ˶ģӷȥûʲôͷˡ
һҪҪҰׯʲôģҲŪǮ
ڳĿɲӷһˣ⻹кܶûߵģȫϷģУиϳһЩСå
ֵܺע⣬Ǿ鷳һ£Ū㻨Ǯˡ
ⳡ棬ɱ֮ǰǺ˫ƴҪʵĶֻ࣬Ū㻨Ǯ̫ˡ
λҶǮģ̨ϵĺϷɱ֮ǰ˴ҪʺܶࡣҿɣׯǴעϰʤģһʮ෴ϳʤģʮһ
ӷ⻰һ̨ϵϳ壬ΧĿڣȫһ¡
СӣǰһߵģôϳʤǮѽе˵ȥɡ
˵ֵܣǲǲׯѽ˵ˡ
ӷЦû˵ѽȷ
ׯ㲻ɡ
˵ϳֵܣҸһׯҲ˵ӮǮĻòҪӮȻֻŪǣⳡӣǾ;ܴɡ
ӷֲɵվϳ߽ע˶֪ϳͣǿܻϳ𣬲ܰǮںﲻǡԣӷͷҪ֧ϳ壬Ǿ׼Ǯɡ
ϳ¿ﻢˣݴЦ˵ϳ壬ǽѲѽѲ㣬㡣
ϳŭٸһס䣬Ҳ԰ⳡˡˣֵׯңûϵ
ӷĴָЦӦȻ죬ֵܣûа׽ι㣬˿ܾҪǮˡ
ϳһŸҪһͷϲȣӷһѣֹͣݵıȴô࣬һ㷭
עˣ˾Ϳˡ
йʱȫע֪ϳģһƢҪ䣬ǲ̫ܣһȻȫǮѹݵϡ
עˣ⹻ˣ
ӷһָϳ壬ϳԱߣѾʮˣôˣѾվˡ
ݼⳡ棬֪첻ôùĶԼȥ˵ⳡӻᱻңԼҵšǣԼҳ̫һ֮⣬û˴Ĺϳ壬ڻҪһ֪ðСƻ鷳ˡ
ϰ壬ȥǰ취ѽǸʹ򲻹ӹɣ
У̫һڱչأϹһһȵȫǶˣĴѧԺĴҲ쵽ˣʱ̫һġ㣬ȥһ¹ѧԺѹǽй˵ϳҵĳӡסй˶ǹżֵȫ򣬻ûѹסϳСӣ
֪ԼЩ˻Ӧϳһˣǳӷ￴ϷģһΩ²ҵļһҲ֪ʲôˣԣֻǰȱˣֱӴ¹ѧԺǱ߽˹Ҫ죬ˣ춪˵ĿɲԼһˣԼң壡


1985 ż
ӷҪȱһǴ¹ѧԺǱ߰ᣬӣⳡǲѽ㵽ʱĲ̫һҲ¹ѧԺĺݽɫ
˵ӷҪΪԼ¹ѧԺ׼ĻھͲӦõ¹ѧԺˣ̫һǵɵģ˭гӷϳΪأ鷳ӷָϹˣܲѽ
˵ˣǳ¹˭ûκ˷ڹأǵΣôǵΣǴСеģƨҷš
Ҫŵģ˵ҪϳӮǮǾҪ˵ģԳӷҪץʱ䣬¹ѧԺǱߵ˻û֮ǰǮˡ
λעˣעˡղŴҶǶϳ䣬ϰӮϳʤҰնĳĹأԹԵİǮɡ
ӷôһ˵еĹڿɶˡ
ûӷղׯǷݵģԣȻǮѹϳϣϳԼҲҪ׬ǮѽֻܡȭԼӮˡ
ڣⶼûд꣬ӷֱӰѽˣģԼӮǮǮĽ˭˭Ӧѽ
˵Сӣǲ⣬ⶼû꣬ʲô
ˣ˵˾ˣѵҪõǵ׼ɡ
ӷϴЦЦ˭˶ë
Щˣԭӷûں˭˭Ӯ˭˭ӮҲԼЩ˰Ǯѹ˭ϣĽ˵㣬Ҳ˵Լ䣬ԶӮҡ
ҪģϳСåѾҪˣû뵽Ҫλߡ
߰Ǿߣҿɲ֤λϳֵܵ»һծׯҿɶдģÿһˣעˣô˲ɣ
Сӣ١
˵ôνȼãңҰ㣬𣡡
ӷҲǷϻ˵٣ҾֱӳϰɣһòҶǿɡ
ǮҲˡ
˵ϳֵܣЩԼǷĿɲҵǮֻǰׯѣԼҪծ鴦֮һȥ
ϳһŽ߿ԳӷĴָһƨûУ˼ҲѾˣǣ㹻ݡ
ģȫǮӽ벻ǰɣŲɱȫҡ
ţ˭ѽϳһصصå˵ĳĵڳֲû̹
ǵùСӣϳ壬Сһ㣬Сı

ϳһŭȫǮ˳ӷ磬һǼβжܶ죬鶼ĵ治֪˼Ѫù
ϳֵܣǮѾˣҪⳡӵĻҽٶȵ㣬ΪѾȥˡ
ǽûʲô˵ģǰ̫һйֵ֣˵һ̫һʮҲ
Сӣ治СǰϼŹµķϣǷ˲ǮҶûƽϣȻҵĳӡҵţûҡ
㣬ʸӽоӽ첻Ū㡣
νåɲʲôŮˣǸˣǸŮˣң㡣
ϳ壬ʲô
˵Ľûʱˣ˼ˡ
ϳֱӳݣɱ¶ӷϳƣҪɱˡ
˵ʵӷɲֳҲʱȥֹϳѽⳡӣֻҸᣬϳΪԼðˣճӷ뷨ϳҪҸˣӷҲҪġ
ϳճ嵽ǰһָֻסݵĲӣĻϳĶ֣ϳ֮䣬Ϳȡ
ৡ
һ⣬ͻȻӳ˽̨ϣ顱һһơ
һ鳤ƣϵ֣ʵΪһģһǷֿģͬһƵϷΪ¹һǡš֡
¹ѧԺơ
ǳ壬йռ壬ľ¹ѧԺҲ˵¹ѧԺǹżġ
ڣ¹֣һ֣Ǿ˵¹ѧԺģǹżҵˡ
ӣⳡϷԽԽˣˣҲԽԽ࣬һһǿˡ
ϳ壬¹¡
һӳ⴫漴ֻˣͬһʱɽֱӾͳ̨ȥ
ϳоǿֱѹԼ֮£Ҳֻɿݣ˼
㣬û°ɣ
ˣ϶ͬķװʶװģȻ֪ȫ¹ѧԺˣǵ粿ϣһɫͼڱǣʶͼڵˣҲ֪ˣ¹ѧԺ꼶ѧ
в½ĴѧԺĴ½ѧԺֻΪ꼶һ꼶꼶꼶ζܱҵܶѧ꼶ʱ䣬꣬ٵҲҪǧ֮
ȻÿһѧԺȻرѧҲرİ༶ÿһ꼶ŵȰ࣬ŵȰѧûκŵģҲ˵ÿһ˵֣ŵȰĴţ̫һȽɫ¹ѧԺ꼶ŵȰĳΪҲߡˣҲȫ¹ѧԺ꼶ŵȰѧͷģǹżҵйˣ
˸һͳΪ㣬һƺ˵żҸҵĹϵǱףѹܳΪǳеһ壬ضǽŹżǳǵŷչģҿ˵ǹżȨǮ¹ѧԺҿһ
Ĳӣϳһûȥ
ܣʱ򡣸Ұϳ壬С¡쵰Ȼҳӡ
ģҹڣ˭Ҳ۸㡣
˴һӣ˵ĸұ㣬ϳ彻ˡ
ǣ١
ǰָϳŭϳ壬㵨ԽԽˣǼҵ㶼Ҷм

ϳЦˣʲôУҲҸӽоôһǴͨŲǱ̫һû𣿡
ЦԸСåҹżֵܶ˵ұ̫һˣ㻹ûʸ񡣡
⻹ϳӣ̨֮£ӷ˵ˣ֪Ǽʲôʲôģ᲻Ϲ


1986 
ûз߱ڵĻǲ̨
ӷһ仰ȥ˵ɣͬһЦ㣬ȴǼȵţϳǸӵİ裬û˷е˼˵ֻҪһ֣СɫֻǱɱķݣ
ϳֵܣղҲˣڻ档
ӷûȥϳ壬ǵ֮ϳ岻ɵһ
ųӷĻͲֵ֮ǫʲôģһλ´ϳ̨ȥҲû˵һ仰
Ǽǫ̈̄ĳӷ磬ûκһ֪СǴðģ
˵ܸϳһģϳ廹˷ĵ̨ӦòǸ֮ǣǰСӣȴǴûмİˡ
֮ΪżȻмЩСӶ֣Լ죬Լ˵ĻǳǶҪһ·Ҳ˸ҸԼԡһϳ壬ǱȽرĴڣʵò˵ˢӣϼһΪǳ¹͵ģǰ棬ܲ־֣ϳ£ϼҵǶõġ
죬ϳֱҵĳ£ô˴ˣɱݣǹżҸǱףҵһԲڵϼ֮£ϳˣӷҲԼżҸ̫ġϳݣ˶Ҫÿ͸˵һδСˡ
СӣӣҪӢۣͷˣ
ҴӲмʲôӢۣҵӢ۸ɵϣûġֻȻҸϳѣǽ£ҵ¡һżңһң۸ѣȻӲˡ
Ƴӷ⻰˵ģ飬ܶ˶ǿģ˭۸˭ѽ˭ָȥ۸ϳѽϳԼ£۸ˣ˲Ż˹ġ
һףҲסСӣȱ£ɴӲɱ֮
ӷûаֵҲҪǳǣĴ½ҲûʶԼԼҲʲô֮ˣЩһֻǸ֮ˡ
ҽгӷ硣
ӷ磿ûһ£˵δӲɽǱߴˣһǶ½գһǱ½裬һҪǳǵģˣѵþ㣿
ȻΪżż¹ѧԺĴʼ壬ǶⷽϢżȻǵһõġ
ӦþˣҲûڶˡ
Ȼģǽ£͸һӡһүҾ͵ʲôûҲԹˡ
ղ˵ʲô
ү𣡡
ӣ
㡭
˶ʱŭڣӷҲ̫ǸˣȻռԼıˣӣҪԼˡ
Сӣҿɾ㣬Ҫ¹ѧԺģ¹ѧԺǹżҿģѵ㻹Ϊвɣ
¹ѧԺҪģǼҲҪɱģΪģΪϳֵܸйڣˣҽɱˡ
ӷҲҪκεĿȻѾˣǾ͸ɴ಻ɡ
ܺãǾµ
˵һĻ֪ӷһôĽ׶Σֻһ֮䣬ͽӷɱ
˭֪һ֣ϣӷٶȿľˣգ֮䣬ӷѾ˹˵
٣Сġ
ͻأ̨ϳ壬ǴһӷҲ֪ʲôʱ˹˵󣬹˶ʱ͸оһǵصѹԼϣҲͬԼͻȻԨ㣬վԭûжɾȴѾ˱Եڹ˵ԺУ·һĵ棬һ޴ĶħͣĽԼʶ𽥻壬Լϵÿһÿһߣÿһϸ𽥵ıݻ٣ͷȫһ飬˫гѪ˿۶ڱУѪ
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ųӷһִֻ˹˵ļϣӺ¡һ΢̣ȫĹͷһУξзƵģһجΣһԶ޷ѵجΣجʹȥ

˷һҽУֻвҽУҵĲҽУ
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ݴ󾪣ⳡ棬̺Ͼˣ
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һͬĸѧȫŵɫ԰ףҪǰȳˣֹӷ磬ϳȴʱǿʱ䱬壬ĸѧȫˡ
ֵܣˣ
ϳһץס˳ӷ֣ûϳåһԲϾʹ֣ɱ˵ҲûɹҲҪԷʲôˣϳֲɵӣʲôܶʲôֻܶɱˣǺһ٣Ӷѣ˵ɱϳ廹ǲ̫ҵġ
ɳӷȴںô࣬첻Ҫⳡ𣬲Ҫɱһ֣
ֵͣ֡
ϳԼ޷ʹӷֹͣ󼱵Ằ
ôɱ
ɱ鷳ʹˣ
ϳɻǳǻȥһˣҲûˣżҸһŹԼģ֪¹ѧԺԺǳǵгǹżҵˣǵһ仰˼סԼ㲻Ҳǳǣв½
ߣ£ˣ
ԭϳҲ첻µزѽ˼ģ˼պǳǣĵ޷ģÿҲᷢǮϾǳǵĹ֮󣬵뿪ǳǣ뿪в½ʲôˡ
ӷַſʱ˵壬һ£ֱӾ͵˵ϣһڣϻסĻܿûˡ
¿漱ˣȻϳµҪϰٱ˱ӷ˳ϣϻס֪֮ͨ˵˳ˡ
һĸѧĻ˼ȥܳӷˣϥס˵֪ӷô쵽ģһִֻڹ˵ļϣͽ˸ʲôֶΣʱ˭ܵģ˵ǽӷ˸˶ˣ˼һû֣ѵԼ˼ҵĶ
ֵܣˣٲߣżҸҵҪˡ
ϳųӷ磬ж죬֮飬ͱˮڰɣ
ӷ֪첻ɱǷϣԼżңңǳǵ壬ǽ˴ӣżҸ¹ѧԺĴ󻧣ԼȴƫƫҪ¹ѧԺ¿ɺඣ


1987 ϳü
뿪ҵĳ֮󣬳ӷϳ岢û̫ԶڳӺһ֣ҹˡ
ֵܣ湻ֵģȻҶԹǻ쵰ɱѽ
ϳڻֶԳӷͶصʱ򣬱ϾӷǳǣǳǵǺ˽⣬Ҳ֪壬ѧԺˣνţ»ڣ֤˳ӷϡ
ɱ𣿡
ӷһ䷴ʣղſϳҪɱ˵ģԼֻ˸ֶѡ
ɱȻɱɱżҸǵȣɱɡ
ϳһ£˿ھƣ˵ڡ
䣬ϳóһͨѶһѶϢȻ˵ֵܣ鷳ˡ飬żҸһŹǵġ
£
һ֪ôдڹ˵Ҹͽӣһ١ӣûй˵£ϵĲһˣֱڹżҸҵϳһĶ⡣żҸҶҪӵģһǳģһǲģҽ˵ǳǾ˵㡣
ŶӴǻҪһˡֻǲ֪ҸżңǳǵֲΣ
˵ǳеĴ⣬ղֵطкܶ͵̳Ҹ¢ˡڹżңżҵļǳǵгڶλ֮ˣҲгֵܣ¹ѧԺԺ
Ҫ˵ʲôǳǵг¹ѧԺԺѾ˵˹żǳǵ֮Ӵ󣬾ͬйԼһ㣬˵Ȩв½
һгһ¹ѧԺԺҲ˵Ǳˣ
ҲġҸղ˵żҸҵҪɱȴʱ򡣡
ϳı飬ڹżҸңĻ˺ܴĳޣͲƽҵСֵĳޣӦ֣ЩӷҲöʣϳ岻˵ĻҲڰʡ
ģȻǽֱӳ˹ҵĶ⣬ҿԱ֤ҵĴǣǲġ
˵գֻһɳͣ˳ӷ˳ҹĵط
磬ôҹʲô𣿡
ɳһ꣬꿴ȥеͷ˵ģǷɳϳ嶼ûУҲ
С˳ӣмҪҪȥ죡
ϳ彫еԼԱߣȸӷһ£˳ϳѣҲһåֵˣ˳ļͥڵϳ岻֪Ҫöٱ¹ѧԺѧʱѧԺѧ
ԭǽȫǴķзǸѽ˵гͬǳˣ¹ѧԺ磬¹ѧԺ
С˳ӣڲ˵Щµʱ򡣽Ҹֵ˵鷳Ҫæһ¡
˳ȥ£ǿǹżҸѽǳеȨƸͷ˳Сɫܴ
ʲôԸ羡ܿڣֵܰﵽһ
Ҳûʲô£ǳֵܸղŰѹżҵĹ˸ˡ
⻰һ˳ȫſųӷݿһ
Թԣѹ˸ˣɲǼСѽ˵ǼĴ£
磬㲻ڸҿЦɣղ˵ֵܰ˭ˣ
żҵĹˡ
ۿ磬ȷˣǷϣ
ϻ
ոȥѽ磬ⲻҪֵС𡣹żʲôڣڳֵܰѹ˸ˣ˿ǹżһеѽǹŷʹСӣˣ͵ֱӰ˹żһ飬ôѽ
ϳ˵ȻҽȻѾӦİ취£С֮ĳͻֵܸոǳǣҳΪѣ˫˳ͻȻǴֵģҸǹҵ˶֪ҪģǲùҵĴ󱲳棬ʦĻҪԵģҲǹżҸҵСֱˡ
ùżҸҵĴ󱲳棿磬ʲôð취ֱ˵ȥ졣
ܺáʱѧԺȫɢϢ˵ϣҵĳҸҵݷͻݴ򲻹ңͽżҵĹ˸˹ǹżҸҵֶԸһˣҵֵܳӷ翴ȥͳְңڴ֮£ֵܳӷʧֽ˸ˡ
ôã
Ȼֹô򵥡㻹ҪһˣżҸҵļſȥȥһҪİףЩڹżҸҵļſ۽飬ص˵ǹֶ򲻹ˣ󻹱ǸһصһҪ޵ķŴþ˵˸˵ֵһֱӸɱˡżҸҶǷǳҪӵģһִִˣûǸһҵĴĻǱѽȫǵۣҸұ֤ҲֻΪȫ˵ǹˣʲô
ϳһ˵ӷ࿴СõģǹļѽȹͼȹǵģǾҲûطȥôļ壬ִ򲻹ˣһºĻȥұ˱ѽ
˳˵ʵǸڳҵ֮󣬻ҪһѣΪԼҵӣǱϾȥ졣
סһҪȫˣ֪£Ҫ֪ҪȫǶ֮ǰСȫҪ˵飬Ұǹ˵ԽϲԽá⣬ҼҪֵܣȥſڷŸըȫǵΰģһǱ߷£һģҪȥܽϵ飬һ˼ͶǱߵĵȥ
ð죬˷ըˣ浽Ͽص٣ץǵġ
ǺãϽȥɡ
˳ֱӸǣӷ粻ɵһЦϳ壬дϸѽǸݽɫԼûˡ
˳߲ã˼˹
ȻȾơղŷ飬ҶѾõϢˡ
˼㣬ʲôѽǴ𣬺ġ
ܣǴܣɱˣҶżҵˣξҲסˡ
Ҫκ˱Ҹұ֤żҸңҶô
СӣһǸϽȥһ˾ӰɣʵڲеĻֻӵ˳ˡ
˼㣬ڿɲȥӡ
Ϊʲô㲻Ҫˡ
ңµġڻԵ㶫ɡ
ϳսȥը˼ܹȥҪ
ӷ˵ģ£ҷϵģҪҲҡ
㣬ôյǳǾô¡θսңҿҲȥ¹ѧԺˣȥ׼û¡
˼һļӷ磬ӷӹһ¹ѧԺ֪ͨ飬ӷ¹ѧԺ
ô͸㶨ˣǸ»湻ġ
֪ͨѾûˡ㻹ʰһ¶ҹȥɣв½ȥˡ
ǣȻҴӦҪǳǣǾͲߡڽϵ飬Ҳõģλֵ˵˲£һ¡
£ӷ϶Ѿ취ˣûҪȾơϳķеͨģ㣬ӷԱ֤


1988 żŭ
żңǳ֮ף¹ѧԺɹżҵȱģΪв½¹պս˵ȥѾڣֻʣһ̼֮⣬żв½º࣬һˡ
ǳǵг֮λһҶռģҲַ⽨ʽഫżңǳǵг壬ԹÿһεгɹżҵļΣҲò˵żΪǳĹףȥս⣬ȫġ
żһʮֹϵļ壬񣬵ľǳǵг𣬹һֵܣһҲǰżҵļйͬΪ¹ѧԺԺ
żֵܶѾǼĸˣΪֵܶжǳǸ¹ѧԺĹԼⷽȽϷɡֱʮǰȢӣҲΪԼżº˹żҼˡΪֱĹüȻֳѾΪԼżҵ˺ûҪȥȢˣԵڣΪ¹ѧԺԺĹǹ¼ҹһȴֶӣֶﵱԼĶӣԼӿ
үүףӸȴֻʮʮ꣬Ҳһļ˰ɡ
ĶӹŻǱȽҲΪżҾһ˰ɣʾͷǷ˵̳ܶ˼궼޷ѧԺҵŻȴڶʮʱѾ¹ѧԺҵˣ֮ȢӣΪżӣԼҲѾǳǵĸгˣǳǾӷҲְλ
òϣżˣܶһǿɫСһͨŲֵܣ¹ѧԺŵҲǳһеٮٮߣϴͨ¹ѧԺѧеڶȻҪųһ¹ѧԺֵϳ壬ȻȥѧԺģȻû
żҸǱףϵǴӹŻʼģҲ˵Żǵҵˡ
żһأÿ¶ٿһμͥ飬ʱ䶨ڶʮţʱż˶Ҫ룬ҲΪҵĹϵʮҲ롣ΪһЩ飬¹г޷ֹżҵμͥ飬һж˹ȥ֧֣ԼҲǳǣ˵Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ȥ飬һߣһ£һڣǳǵȻ䵽˸гŻǵļϡ
żҵλе㲻ͬѰΪʱ䷢Ƚ϶࣬Ҫľǲɽ֮£¹ǲˬû뵽տʼʹϢ˵Լֶ£˸̧˻
Żǵ˳ϣռԼСӱ̧ŻûȥȫǶ֪Сǿ治һ۰Ѿ簮ĳ̶ˣֵСģȴµģܶιŻǶҪطˣȴĸ׸ֹסˡ죬˱˸ˣǳ׵ķˣȫϣȫĹͷɢܣֻСû̶ֳȵ˺˵ѾǸˣ°뱲ֻڴ϶ȹˡ
ʱ֮䣬Ҵ˽ľ֮ûȥֶŮݣŹŻǴֵ㣬ϸҰСץҪʬΡ
ĶˣСڵӣҪģǸʹѽ
ڳߵĹҵļû˵ŻҲҪ⡣
ϳ壬ȻҵĶӡأ˵ʱǲϳµģ
ݿɥ˵̸˵ĶģܶҲˡǸϳԸĲ䣬ҵĳӣҵ˴򲻹̫һڱչأ׼һһȵĶԺ䣬ҾֻܰСɹˡû뵽ϳһСӾȻ͵ϮСˣС˴ˣңҵʱѾɵۣһעⶼûˣ
˵Żǣ㻹ôʲôӶѾˣһҪ
ʵŻҲǸͦΪ֪ϳݲһ㣬ֱӶϳĻǿ»ȫǵķ飬ӣֻǴӸϳһСˡ
ϳһСӽʲô֣
гӷ磬ǣӲɽСӣλүүͬǳǣ¹ѧԺ
ʲô
һֱû˵ǰһ˵Ӳɽˣʱվ
˵С˵ˣСӣ
ǵġүүһҪΪСѽϳϼҺˣĿˣüǷͻξȻ´ζ֣
ͷ׷ѾɫزˣһۣԵɷǣһֻɽӣ˫ڲͣתţҲ֪Щʲô
Ϸ´֪ͨСӼ¹ѧԺû뵽СӾȻҵӡ
үүҴˣֱȥСӸ˾ǣΪܱ𡣡
Աһŭղһֱûϻ˵ˣһǹŻǵĶӣŲ
ҲֻˡСϷ֡ССͨǼһȥȽСӴ
ǣүү
ˡ
⣬һŮ˼ææӣŮҵˣݵã
ãһȥϳ塣
㣬ˣˡ
ʲô´ĹС˱ˣ
ǹС˵¡ȫǶۣ˵ǹڱƴԶ٣˴ϳˣ򲻹ǣС˷Ǹˡ
£ļһһЩ˵ȥġ
ֹˣȫǶ˵ǹҸ˵ô˶򲻹ϳˣһż˵ҹһкĿǳ㡣
쵰
ŻŭˣȻ˸˵ԼżûĿǳ㣬ⲻָԼı˭̵ס
һϳСڻϼͣӣҪһˡ
վס
壬ȥСץ
Ϸ죬Ӳ𡣳ﴫĻΪʲôѵΪҵĲǸϳСִ֪ˣǹҲŹǣһڳɢĴԣҾҲˣǾ紫˵һˣ
壬ô죬ѵǵʲôûûС˵ĳ𡭡
ԿηѽΪǹżҵ֣ǲܶģڲܶȥҵˣʱ䶼£رǲܸϳС棬ֳʲôΥߣ塣
壬С˵ĳܲѽ
ģСҪѧԺˣѧԺͲҪЩ֣Ϸ˼СͨСӦװɣ
үүģ֪ô졣ϳСͷۣ¹ѧԺҲ
ˡ
һ˳˹żңгˡ
ֳʲô£
֪ĸҪģȻھſڷ˸ըھŭϻȥһˣҪ澡콫ըҳ
ʲôôӣ壬ȥһ˾ӡˣúտСˣһûа취С˺ת
˵ͷȥɣС˵ͲõˡϷ򶨻ᾡһκС˵ġ
л塣


1989 ȫ
ϳķ˾ԵЧϷ飬Ƿ粻ݲ
ҷæžιˣ˵ǽõĵҩȫ˳ȫõҽȫ˹ȥżҴϢȫĹͷǻӺˣҲ𽥻ָУСǱסˣҪԭҪһʱ䡣
òϣһ治һļ壬ӷˣͷȻȫӺãҪĿɲҽθҩôѽûһǿޱȵţ˰ĻԲ˿ָƵġ
ȻģżҵĹǳǵгڳУӵι˵ľֻһˣǾ¹ѧԺԺ
Ĵ½ʱ䣬һġϰ˵㣬ѧԺѧʱ䣬ĴѧԺˣҲȫԵѧԺȥеļѧԺ·ԶѧҪǼͥȽϺõģɳеĹЩ͸ĹܵͨЩܵеĽͨͨȫǸͬĵط
ӷϳһ϶˼ңγӷǵ̫ϳϲµåЩǵ¼һûӷǵĴ󣡼Ȼӷ粻뿪ǳǣǾֻܴ˼ˣҲڣһҶûκζӣʱǲġ
˵˰ɣư£żҸҾԲ
ϳеС˼ģܱһʱҲԶˣӷϳθҽµӣƾǳǵľ涼ˣض¶˵ģֻһһˡ
½Ѿһϣ׼֣û뵽żҸһûҲãûƽϢ֮ǰżҸǲᶯǵġȥ¹ѧԺˣ¹ѧԺǹżҸҵĵ̣Ҳǹżҿġ̫һһ¹ѧԺ˵һԺϻ֮⣬κ˶Ҹ̫һһԡȥ¹ѧԺǾҪʱ׼
ӷѾϵˣȻǹ¶֣ȻҲǵ˺
İɣҾͲ¹ѧԺǹżҵĿ֮ڡ٣Ǹ粻ᡣ
ʹˡ¹ѧԺǹżƵġЩʦ쵼УÿһˣҪԺģѧУÿһ˶Ҫ̫һһģ˾ƣ˵ǲǹżҸҵ£
ӷЦԺڻ˵ѧ棬ֻҪǸʲô̫һ̨ˣͲ˵ˡ
ʲô˼ѵ㻹ֱȥս̫һɣûҳ̫ܲһ֮£̫һ֮Գư¹ѧԺ¹ѧԺôˣ꼶ܶһ󲿷ֵˣһģ̫һһ仰Ҫ˭˾ˣҪ˭Ͳܻš
˵Ǹ̫һ¹ѧԺǳưˡ
㻹šСȻ̫һ¹ѧԺú÷չĻڶѧͷͲǹͨɲСжǿԶܴ̫һģΪϵϣСôŬ̫һʮ֮һ
ӷ翴ϳ壬ϳȴǿЦԣ˵ѽ¹ѧԺ˶ҵģҲûҪʱѧԺչҵѽҲãʱѧԺˣѾҴĳЭ飬ֻҪõĵǵĵطǾһҵġ
˵ģǸ˳
СʲôʱѧԺֻǸСɫˡĴѧԺ飬ͻ׵ġˣȥ¹ѧԺɡ
˼ʵҪȥѧԺ
Ȼˣֵһȥѽҹƣڵ¹ѧԺѾһŸɱˣֻҪֵһ¹ѧԺ鷳ģûһҲаǧҸһȥ̫һ֮ǰǲġ
˼˵ͷ˵Ҳãڳ̫һһҲ̫ǿ˵ˣڽУԲܲμӡ
ӣʲôѽӷ绹治֪
ǹ𣿡
ϳ˵ǿɱȹںˡһӣһһȵȫǶⳡǲκ˲μӵģǲĴѧԺ˶ܲμӡڶӣĴѧԺĴ䣡˵ʵĴѧԺѧ˵ԺɱȶĶ࣬Ϊʤģôһܱ¹ѧԺϻῴУһλѡΪŵӣĴѧԺ֮һѧɱǣܽɱǵѧǶǳδ쵼ߣǷҲԭ£˵ֳơڶôܱУǳǵľԹɱȨĵطҲв½ĺߣһӶóˣҪʲôʲôҲǳһƣϽģܶ飬Ժ
ӣǳǵľǷּҵģܹ£ȴܹܾӵ£Ҷͬ
ϳֻϸ˵Ժ䣬ҲǷǳڴӣֻǲ֪εԺ佫һôľơ
ȫǶ꣬ʲô
˼˵ȫǶ꣬ʵ˵ˣȫǵˡÿʱڣ涼óһ͵Ľ磬һռĸԪ֮ڣЩԪֻҪǷģԵõΪãǰǣҪԪȫܣܵõԪȻΪֹڴгҲѾӦķǲμӶˣʵǲܽģֻʶΪһ룬ĻʵҲˣһ𣬾ͽͳ磬ֱȡʸ񡣡
ʶķôõԪʲôҪںϽС棬Ļѽ
˼˵Ȼڽֱӻˡʱһߵ˵ֶڱϣֻҪǷԪ壬Ͼͻһ֣ԪԽ࣬ӵķ־Խܷ֣࣬ԪȻǷˣ־ͻʧ
ӷЦЩһû湻ģ
ȻԷ磬㵣ʲô
˼˵ȷǷʵ壬ȴҪϥ̫ԶȻڽڵķҲԶͳġǵĵʱһǵʵ϶ʲôֽţԲŲǲμӵġԺ͸˵ˣҪɱǣϿԹ֣Ϊĳϣ˭޷ֹģ
ԭˣǾһһɡҲϲ£ǿ˳˶۸١ӲҪұĻҲֻǸˡ
ҪͬʱԸǳ壬ӷ֪ԼڻУҪһǾͲ֪˭ùˡ
˼̾˿ӳӷϳ嶼ԼģԼҲֻһһˡ
ˣҪȥѧԺˣӲҪȥǾһȥɡ
ӷЦһ¹ѧԺˣͿʲôżңʲôңжͰɡоǣҪҵŮˣһôĽɫ


1990 ԩ·խ
뿪ѫǰ¹ѧԺ֮ǰųӷһʱ䣬аݣһҪӷסԼǶ½ˣԣܷʲô飬ʲô£Ҫȿǵ½棬ǧҪϷԼǳǵһӡ
ȻǴΪ½֮˵ģΪӷǶ½ɣѻǶ½鱨Ա֪ˣȫӷƭˣʶڣԣܳӷǳκ£ռκ£κ˶ľйϵ
ڵڶ㣬Լ˽ˣóӷڽ¹ѧԺڿԵ֮£Ҫ̫żһҵֵ̫ڱԼͬʱҲ취ӽһ¹ѧԺĸ߲쵼ˣܲ˽в½ĿһλǵŮˡ
յ˽£ӷ統Ȼᾡһˣν໥ӷΰգɵģΪ壬պҲᾡһȥӷģ˵ּ
ӷһȥ¹ѧԺģҲȥ֪ڻȥ¹ѧԺʱ򣬱ϾԼˣһв½ĵˣҪȥ¹ѧԺҲҪһܺõĽڣԺֳϣոȥģĴѧԺв½ڣСĲõжԴ½˹ۿԺ䣬ǲֹ෴ʱһոȥսģΪȸԼĵжԴ½֮һʾ֪Լв½֮ǿ
뿪ѫʱɣӷϳ˼Ĵ·£Źܵͨߣһ޴ұǰ
һɫұڣǳǵλãʯԱߣ·Ҳ˵һ·ڣˣÿһὫԼĲŷɳˣҲὫɳĸ߶ף·𾭹ÿһˣطʮֵľη˿ķ
ɫұڲȻγɵģӷһ۾ܿұϣһڽҲ˵ұϣһ磬һһʮǿĽ磬ǳӷ磬ûκΰսƳ
¹ѧԺ
ӷ翴ұڣұϵĸ޴֣¹ѧԺ
˼˵¹ѧԺˣͨұڣͽ¹ѧԺÿһ˶ʸ¹ѧԺģѧԺѧʦ쵼һЩԱ⣬˸޷ͨұϵĽ硣
޷¹ѧԺģ㣬ӷ绹ףǸ˶ܽ룬νѧԺ߻ӣˡ
˼˵ڻûʽѧԺԣ֮ǰҸǽѧԺƾ֤ʽѧѧԺᷢһʽѧ֤ģеѧͨѧ֤ѧԺġ
ѧ֤ѧԺЩѧУĺֻѧԺȽϿŶѡ
ӷѾΧ߹˺ܶˣҲкܶ͵ˣŮŮ٣һۿȥʲô˶УЩұǰʱȫֹͣ˽ŲӦȫ¹ѧԺˣΪǽѧԺĸ߷ڣƺ滹вѧʦ˵أҲ˵ʱΣѧʱΣ·ڽۼܶˡ
ӷ籾ϻֱӽ¹ѧԺģɸʱȴһֵ顣
ΧЩˣûһͨ磬¹ѧԺģˣȫվұǰ˫۾ȫ˳ӷ˵ϡ
쿴ϳ塣
ҿϳȻѧԺˣѽ
Сѵ治ѹ˸ˣȻܵѧԺĻһԼڸʮʮ꣬ȹżҵŭٳ֡
ϳʲôѽϼҵŹ£ϼȻȲ̼ңҲв½ĹѽϳҲǿ㣬ŸҸżԵġ
˵ϳСӵҲסǵϴξȻ̫һ˸ƽء
̫һϼŹµķĺòãҪϳжӲס
ι˵һϳˣѵǲ֪ϴй֮ˣͲϳϳҲֻҵĳӰˣй˵ģһԱСӡ
ʱ˵˫ۣȫת˳ӷ磬ÿһѧҲϳ廹˼˽⵽վһģϳͷĹƨҷŵСӡ
˵гӷ磬нģǰǶ½ˣѾв½ֻû뵽гв½ԺͬΪ¹ѧԺСӵã̰гԺӸˡ
ˣǻǣгԺȻҶгԺӡǿɣȻżҸϲöôһ¹ѧԺǸͲҪԺǵﶯ֣̫һǣԽСӸʰ
˵ˣʱѾˣǸϽȥɣû˼̴Сɫѿ𡣡
Χֻע⵽ϳӷ磬ʱŷ֣һģһ˼
ѧ㣬Ϻð
˼Ѿ¹ѧԺ꼶ѧˣǷǳŵһѧڣܱܲҵʲôʱҵͿıˡ
Ů˼߹¹ѧԺη̫һҲ˼˵⼸˼ŵĻӷϳ岻̫⣬Ҳ̫һչ̫һ֮ˡ
ǺãڲˣҶվǸϽȥɡ
ѧ㣬ѧ㣬Ҹ˵ϳСԶһ㣬ΪͨѾųˣ˵ҪСӲú
һͱȽСŮ˼
˼ҲֻǿЦ˵ʲô
үģһ뿴ЦǰɣŲһɵڶˣ
ϳŭˣǰѧԺɴû˸һǳ˴ҩƵģȫԼЦԼЦôÿ
˵ϳ壬һ궼ѵһѧԺһ͸Ǵ˳ϷǻҪлء
˭˭˵ָվ
û˸վ򲻹ϳôܻվĹģ˵еıȵˣѾˡ
ɳӷɳһˣڳұ߹ʱΧеˣóһ·Ѿ˶ʺˡ
ŴϺá
ŶϺá
Ϻá
СϺá
ǰĸˣֱһŮойżҵĹͨŲҵˣеĽŮĽӦǸһģҲʺãȴûǰĸࡣ
żҵˣҵ˶ˣӣӷ绹ûļ¹ѧԺ棬鷢ˡ
ԩ·խѽ


1991 УſڵĶ
ͨһ˵·£ֱߵұǰպøӷԡ
˼ʱֵʮֽţΪ̫˽żҸҵˣ˵¹ѧԺǳǣżҸҵ˶Ǻߣ˾֮⣬˭ҲǹӣѧԺˣǶżҸҵ˶Ҫرᣬ˭ȥǣԼ޾鷳
νİǹżҸġ
ϣϳҵĳӣӷ˹ˣżҵĵϵ˵˫棬ǾǴ֣ƴʱ
˼벻ǣżҸҵ˼ӷϳ壬ûһԲϾͶ֣෴żҸҵ˱ֵʮֿͷĹżϴͨϳʱҲЦݣ˵ϳ壬ʲô˼ҴѧԺˣ
ͨôһ˵Χȫסˡ
ô£ͨΪζϳ˿Ҫ֪˼ҿǷ׵ܵܵģڼ棬㲻ûһҪΪ׵ܱܵĴ㣬ǰڳһ˿̬ȣ˭޷ѽϳӷ磬Ҳ໥һۣһʱ䲻֪żҸҵڴʲôע⡣
ϳȻᱻͨһòԵʺŵﰵֲǵһθҶŸɡ
ҵ˭أôųԭǹŴѽôǼңûе뷨ѽ
û£ϳ廹ӲҪ£ֻûѻ˵ˡ
Ҷ¹ѧԺˣԼˣΪѧģѧʲô뷨ⲻٹԺˣѧܿ¹ѧԺһ̨ѽʱӦûμӣΪ¹ѧԺɣ
ͨ⵽ɶ˼ϳμԺ䣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ëĹ⣡˭֪¹ѧԺǹżҿģбҪΪǹżƴ𡣲ǹżҸҵҪμӵĻҲȥѵѵǣѹһǵ档
ǺãȻѧģΪѧҲΪеˡ
ͨǾϳȴǴƣһһģΧһͷˮˣǲǳѽϷ飬ǲѽûбϣΪʲôûѧԺ汻ˣǹͨı֣̫Ѱˡ
վڹͨߵŲѾ˳ӷ磬ǰҪӷ˵ϳӷǰһվ˵뱨𣬳
ôϳ壬ҪһӢۣϵȫϼǰɣ
Ų⻰֤ϵģģżҸҵˣΪʲôô̫Ѱˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ν²Ѱйżֵܵı֣ӷһʱ͸
أλŹӶա
ӷɲϳ壬Ȼ˶ԼԼȻҲǻؾ֮˶Լǹ˾ǵǰ֮
գȻգܲǳǣǺܶûеʶˡһ֣ͰǼǲļһˣǶôһѽ
ŲЦûһµĳ嶯һĻ·ǹżֵܣƵģӷ罫˸ˣֵ˵Ǽ£Ǽ¡ǳǣ˭֪żֵܵĸ飬ͨŲǸܿķǳأܶʱõ˺öȸǸܵģڽֹϵͱˡ
ıżֵһıϳҲòɳӷȴûзϡ
ѽŰ֮ˣǼһһһСѾܸǹżˡ
ǻҪлǹżҽѵһǸļһˡӷǰɣ
û
ô¹ѧԺʲô㣿ǸϳһåǺúѧϰϣ
ӷЦˣû̫ģֻ˵¹ѧԺǿƣ˵ʲôżѽѽ¹ѧԺͷ͵ĴڣҾˣѹżҸҸ֮ܲҲһͷأ

ӷ绰䣬˼ȻһϳҲǲɵ̾˿Լ½ύֵܣ濴ȥ˹˹ĵģȴԼҪţ⻹û¹ѧԺһ仰͵ֱսˡ
ͬʱڹͨһӰǰǰҵˣҵһУ滹дݣ̫һ
еرΪǸϹӣսʱȴ˿ĶҪΪ˫俴ȴеֻ۾Ǿۣ
˳Ϲӵ˫۾һ¶Ǳŵģɵ˫۾һֱӵ壬ʯͷеϣеɯ
һǰ˼һųһ亹˵ѧԺſڣҪ
ʵ˼ϳ壬е飬СӵҲûʲôÿֲģΪֲľ˫۾
ԸǹƧƽ˵ҲΪǸϹӵԭɣС͸˵ĲһǳǣҲǸηĽɫ˴ǸϹӣһŭ֮£֮ȫʮڣȫʯͷڵʱ䱻Ϣȫǵ˻֪ģҲǴǸʱʼû˸ȥϳǿåڣȥ
ܣûҪ˶պеʱ档ڻǱ˼ұɣȻ˼һ£¹ѧԺˣǾûˡ
żҸҵ˲ӷ֮棬һһģұڣҲ¹ѧԺĴš
ڽ¹ѧԺǰתͷ˳ӷ磬˫俴ӷȴоеɱ⣬ǸΣյĽɫͨŲҪΣգӣһеʵԶԶڹżһ֮ϣǺǸŮŮҲ֪ʲôͣԿ϶ǣһģӦþǵĴݣʮǿĽɫ
˼һ˵ҪھͻȥҪϽѧԺһ취µġ
ӷ¹ѧԺģڳô飬Ȼ岻ݴǵȥ취ˡ
ӷ˵¹ѧԺҪĶࡣߣȥȥ£ҡ


1992 
¹ѧԺչڳӷǰһĻһѧһͬŷĻ԰ķ羰һζʻҶĴ䣬ΧһСĹЩڲͣĴƶţûһ̶λãҲûһյ㣬·ЩĴֻΪ˸¹ѧԺһɫʰˡ
ѧԺλһȪȪˮʮֵ峺ˮﻹкܶ೤ų㣬ЩʱʱˮأˮϷһȦС
ˮصΧܶѧڽæѧ¥ȥÿһѧﶼ飬ںĴ½飬¹ѧԺĽ̿顣
һЩͳŮҲǳѧ¥ȥǾ֮أܶѧǴкЩɾ¹ѧԺʦˡ
һ𣬺ܶ໹δѧ¥ѧѾڿԷеķʽٽѧ¥Ϊһͣѧ¥ͻرգҲζŽĵһÿοʼˣֻ¿𣬽ѧ¥Żٴο
Ľѧ¥һΪÿһѧ¥Ҳڵϵģڿڰеģѧ¥Χһǿҵ⣬ԣѧ¥ǴŽģЩ粢ûйԣֻǷ͵Ľ硣
ѧ¥ϷżһȽСڸսѧԺʱ˼Ϊӷٹˣѧ¥֮ϵĽѧԺʦİ칫ңʦİ칫֮ϣѧԺ쵼İ칫֮ϣԺĵطˡ
Ȼ˵һԺ֮ӦѧԺ߶ĴˣԺ칫Ľ֮ϣȻнֻǵطĽȽ⣬ΪǽֱӴԽƲģƲ֮ϵĽһ£Ʋ֮ϵĽģҲκ˽룬¹ѧԺԺû֮ǰýƲ֮ϵĽǵط¹ѧԺĳϻᣬҲǳǿߵľۼ֮ء
ⳤϻᣬÿһѧԺеģҲ½ûгϻĴڣ٣в½ǳڣΨ¹ѧԺгϻᡣ
û֪ЩǿߣǿڣΪʲôѡ¹ѧԺǵĴڣѾһˣѾкܶǣ¹ѧԺĳϻǴʲôʱ죬־˶¡
˼ϳ壬Ѿ˸ڵĽѧ¥Ϊ꼶˼һѧ¥ϳǶ꼶ѧмĽѧ¥ڳӷ磬ڻ¹ѧԺѧȥ籨ʽΪ¹ѧԺ
ѧԺ쵼¥ʱӷ綼֪Լ˶ãһۿȥǰĽҪ뵽Ҫһء
ڴ¥ſڣ˿أˣһ࣬ȫ֫༫Ϊľˡ
˶ɫƤǵңǳ֣ûд·ֻһɫĲڸǵҪλûж䣬ֻһֻ۾һֻ۾ǳλãǵͷûͷȴһǡ
ӷһۿȥ²Ӧ޵Ľ壬治֪ôֶֹŪġ
ɫﶼһ޴ľڼӷʱȫͷµĳӷ磬һʵǽ
ӷǿǡ
һ֣ǵϣָֻ˵ɡ
ӷ绹ΪҪԼǽ˼Լóȴϣ˶мȥһۡ
ʲô˼
ӷǲҪԼóԼóˣһ·ʲô
λҽģλûʲôµĻǾ·ɡ
·ԣôأ
˰죬ԭҪ·ѵģʲôƨѧԺЩŵļһҪ·ѡ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһ˵ûС
ûУǾͱȥ
֪Ķ·
ѽСӻͦģŲǸ㣿
ҪǮûУҪһ仰·ãǲã
ûô
Ǿͱˡ
ӷ˫ʱ׶ߵľڿӷ˫л棬ϺɫĻ棬ѪԪأȴӷƵķǳãᱬ
ľˣӷǰɴûǷͻҲ֪ôȥӦǾ͸ɴһ㣬ֱѪԪأǸס
Сӣʲô
ûõĶҲֻ˷ʳȥɡ
ס֡
ڣһӷġ
ѪԪأɲ緢֣ӷʱѪԪؾԺˣھԲپһˡ
·ѣǻҪҪ
ҪˣҪˡ磬۲ʶ̩ɽͷһɡ
˾ȻһףӷҲĸǷϻˣѪһգһڵϣʹ
߿ǳӷ磿
ӽڴ
ǡû뵽¹ѧԺȻӴ˵ģֵطҲա
㵱ҳӷǺ۸ѽģ˰޵ľ˶Ҹչ·ѣȥTMĹƨ
СӣȱŭлǺú˵
ӷһ£ȻѾˣǾͽȥɡ
ҹ
ӷһŭóһ·ӷֱӽ룬ߵ⽨ľͷһ칫ҵſڣ칫ҵţԶ˿
ʱ磬վڰ칫ҵĴǰѧԺӷڽ칫ҺԶ
ղˣԸҹ·ѵģ
ӷãֵطûõָǾԲģ
һСضѣҲΪ˴ٽѧԺľÿ𡣡
ϲģÿҿ̵ôɣģû뵽Ĵ½Ҳл֮¡


1993 һ꼶
ӴǰתԳӷ磬һֻ쵽İ칫ǰϵһ豭յĺһڲˮȴһ仰Ҳ˵
ӷ֪ڽ֮ǰѾ֪̬ȣΪڲ֪˵ʲôڵȣȳӷ˵
ӷ罫Ƿϣ˵Ȼⶫ¹ѧԺѾˣǾûջصĵΪǴ¹ѧԺͬʱҲԺӡ
Ȼӷ綼Ѿ˸ͷȻ֪ôȥ뻰⡣
ղУſڵѾ֪ˣӷ磬ڹżҸңʲô㣿
ӷЦӭӦ˵ϵѾ֪ˣڹżҸңҴôȥ⣬Ҫʵİɣ
ţܴҲһֻšʵ̫ˣһ͵塣֪żҿǳļ壬Ҳ֮סң⼸ʮҲŹżҵĹϵչǳвļ塣ˣǹżһСģǹżҵ飬һֱֻϱ˵ķݣϣȴˣѾǹżҸҵˣϵ¹ѧԺ
˵¹ѧԺǹżҿģҿ¹ѧԺʮĿҲģ򣬹żҾͲҳΪǳǵһȻżҸǳǿʵۣʱȥǲӦü¹ѧԺǳǣҪ
绹û뵽Լ˵Ļû˵ڣӷȫ֪ˡ
ʵڳӷ˵һ㶼ѣΪһλλӦ飬ֻҪվȥһ¾ܲµ
û˵һ㶼ûٸһᣬ뿪ĻҲֹ㣬ճǳǡҲԱ֤ڳǳ֮ǰû˸ҶǷֺ
Ҳߣƫƫ¹ѧԺأ
ȻҪѧԺҲᷴԣϾģֻϵûϵĶѡһеļѧԺǽѧԺڳ﷢κ£ȫ޹أΪѾѹˣҲ㽨顣
İɣ֪¹ѧԺ췹ԵģҲ˵ڹżҸҵķ췹ԵģҲΪ㣬ܽʲô£޹ء
˳ӷ仰ҲͷĶˣϾӷģ浣ĹżҸڹżҸҵǰƨ㡣
ȻѾҲѳ˵ǰ档Ҳܷʲô£ûϵͬģ󲻹ܷʲô£Ҳ㲻Ҫ£ΪҸżң֮ĶԹ
ӷ⻰泬ϡûӷȷǸʱգҲܳΪһҪԹżҸǵȻ˵ʵ绹治óӷ磬ãǺܲмҲǸʲôݣ˵ͶǳǵģżңԣǾǸԣԵģǾǸԣȻͬƣȴŻĹϵ
¹ѧԺֹѧ֮д裬аսҵһȫܵĻı¡Ҫٴ㣬Եģǹҵһ塣
㲻ѣȻ϶ˣǾͲ˿η塣ǿУҼ٣Ҳɱ٣żҸģ˵䲻ģƨ㡣
治һĴ󣬵дģֻˣһǲ֪ߵغɵϣһӵţǿʵĸǿߡ
ӷôɵѽѵʲô׵ֶβɡ
ӷЦһȷǿҲȷǿޱȣЩ˸ôʲô
ڳӷĿУ𣬾һСôۣǸ棬ţ˶ѵһżңһҷô
ӷǳ˳ҪҲȥˣ飬Լ޹ܣҪҲãҲɱҲգԼǵжԶԶǻ꼰㣡
ȻûˣǾ˵һ£ڸȥʲôط
˵ǰɣϾһѾѧöˣҾͽ㰲һ꼶ɡԭ˵ǱѧӦðŰģŰһкôȨϾϵ£ٽ㰲ŽŰĻǾ͵ڸżˣҲҪΪҿһ²ǡ
ʲô඼û⣬ҲںЩʲôȨġ࣬һôİ༶
ÿһѧԺֻ꼶ͬģһ꼶ΪŬڳɼ¾꼶꼶Ҳʱκһѧ꼶ʵǾϡ꼶Ҫҵ㡣¹ѧԺÿһ꼶ΪΪ༶ҲѧǱʣɵ༶ȥŰ࣬ǿģһ壬ȥ
ӷЦӣ࣬һƽӹİ༶ѽ
࣬İ༶ˣ
˵ҲҪŬνʦţѧڸˡƣǱٺõѧԼŬĻҲŰ౻ϵİ༶һֳ衣
ˡԼȥ˴ȥ
ӣͼ칫ҵԶ򿪣һ˴˽˻۾һеװеװ
ΣʲôԸ
˵ھʹȥһ꼶ɡסȥ·ϲҪ꼶༶ˡ
۾˿һ۳ӷ磬Եе⣬ӣӦ֪ǸϷϵ˵Сӡ벻ǣӷȻе¹ѧԺһһѧ
ãʹȥ


1994 ʾ
۾дųӷСײһѧ¥ԵĺܵİҲûѧУֶʶֶںĴ½һַĶ鷽ÿҪֻ飬ǽһֵԴȻ͸ǿѧϰ
ȻѧԺѧĶȻǼԴԴˣô򵥵ĻǻѧԺֱӴﲻͿˡѧԺγ̣ǾԾˣѧʦָ£иֲͬȴʺһĳ̶֮󣬾ͻһ飬߶һĶԾڶԾлʤѧõѧԺķоеҩֲͬԴ֮ģܵѧҪʦĳͷͬʱҲᱻͬѧЦԣÿԾʱҲһС͵ĿԣÿһѧǳţҲһССĿԣͽעѧԡ
۾нӷһҵſںһֺǲмһ۳ӷ磬ͷ·˵Сӣܻ졣֮۾ûзŰƨ뿪ˡ
ӷһվڽҵſڣҲѾһ֤¹ѧԺѧ֤·ϣ۾иӷģѧ֤ע˳ӷڵİ༶ݣȵȣⱾѧ֤Ҳǳӷδ¹ѧԺ֤ͨ
Ὣҵƿسӷ绹֪ģӺܶ෽˵¹ѧԺĹظЩѧĹͬѾϿεʱˣȻҪȶʦ˵Ǹ֮Ļõʦܽҡ
ɵӷƿҵʱڽڴֻʮѧϸһҲʮڽ̨е˯ʦһʮˡ
ѧʦӷеˣ⻹¹ѧԺΪһѽѧʮÿһѧϿεʱ򶼲Ҫʦεģ˵ʦûнΣڽ̨ǰ˯⡣
İ༶Ȼּ̭İ༶ʮѧҲǼ̭ѧһУʲôɣƵĴƣȾƵĺȾƣԶĳԶνϿΣʮ˵һִʱǲҲ˵һԵģȴű¹ѧԺ̭
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһ֮һ༶ʵ˵ԭͲΪѧʸǱУʸǱ⣬ҲܹѧѽһĳΪһǿߣȱݣܽ¹ѧԺѾܲˣߵһҲѾˣ٣ڱ¹ѧԺǿԶԺܶ˵Լ¹ѧԺģ㣬ЩˣѾǼٵˡ
ʮѧһû¸ɵʦڼҵűƿվĳӷÿһ˶е⣬Ϊһѧ֮ǰУſ˵Ѿӷˣ֪ӷϴϹ֮ˡ
ǣһ˹˵ļһΪʲôԼأǲеѽ˵ǰСӣûдϹ˵ϵ£ϳɵģСǰϳ屳˸ڹǽɾͺˡ
ۿҪѧԺ̭ˣڱ̭֮ǰܰżһĻ˵л¹ѧԺ
Ļûκһѧ˵ڣÿһѧġ
Щѧôʸȥżһµģûֻᣬ񣬻ˡ
ʦӣѧͬѧǰˡ
һվʦѵ
ԭ˯ʦһŮˣӱҲʮӣҲ˵һٸ͵ģ˵ʵӦ¹ѧԺʦ˰ɣҲ࣬İΡ
Ȼ¹ѧԺʦܻƨ붼֪ģŮʦֻöѣΪ¹ѧԺһרҪᣬͲκһʦİΣȻûУǾͱҪѡһɺ޵ǣ¹ѧԺĺܶʦǸżҵ˹ϵãǸҵ˹ϵã󣬳ļҹϵõʦʦһ꼶࣬ΪΣŮʦһ
ͲµˡҲûϵִİ༶Ƕһ࣬һ١
Ůʦſڵĳӷ˵ˣȻѧԺǾһ뵽˻ʲôɡ
ӷЦһֱ˽
ŮʦԳӷ磬ųӷô̫֮ϳ屳ڹ֮ѽѵΪҵĹϵһѧԼˡ
ҽ÷ģһ꼶İΣԽ÷ʦ
÷ģľһ֣ӷܸоĵ÷ʦɲѽ۷ΪɢӦڹԪأӵж磬ʲô磬ӷҪѪԪȥ̽Ӳ֪ѪԪҲѽһ֣ھԵǿ˵һС棬ɽʱǸû⣬Żᱻӷлɳ˵ģ
÷ʦãҽС
㲻ҽˣڿǳǵˡӷǰɣϸϳһҵĳӣϰˣҷ˹ˡ
û뵽һϣԼͳˣ˵ףϳǵѽ
Ȼ֪ҵ֣ھ£Ҫˡ
ӷ翴÷ĸͲѧǰʲôʲôʱһ¿Σһһ죬Щѧȫ޷ͨԱѧԺͻˡ
÷ǸˣԼ˵ˣѵһʱ޹ء
ӷλ÷ǳ࣬Ҹطȴû뵽Լһλãͱղ˵˸ֹסˡ
ҽϴϴ󡣡
һǲԲѽĵط㻹ԳϴǷеķˣһ༶еϴ
ϴʲô
ʲôⲻǷϻȻҪѵġ
ʲôѣ
ѣ𡣡
Ȼʱҳӷ鷳Դֺùң鷳Ҵˡ
룬Զһ㡣
ҿȻҲǰţҪۡ
˵ʲô

ӷֱӺһֱӾסĲӣӲͽ
ҲһʮңӷôһᣬֱԱߵǽһˤ
ֻڡ顱һǽϣǽڵʱǱߵӣӣȫѹ˷顣
ӷֱǰȥһֻžͲϣʵղ˵ʲôѣ
ûңû˵ʲô磬ӢۣúҲã۲ʶ̩ɽѽ
֪ԼùˣѾĳʲôͷѽûϴϹ˵ĵ˭ͳȥⲻ
̩ɽôһϲ仰
ӷɲ̫ƽϣѽһ̧תصղҺõλǰ


1995 Ԫ
ԭĽѾֵƣӷһȷŵһѧȴ·ֱҪһ꼶ϴûֱġ
ǣİ༶˭ϴǾ͵ǷеϴˣΪ༶ѧȫǷǷľۼأÿһѧǳСȻռռʮѧҪǿ࣬ϾĿռ䲻ͬҲи޶ȵġ
˵ܽ¹ѧԺѧΪ棬ȫ϶쾳磬Ⱦ統ʱռһĴڣռ䣬ȴǷǳƽĴڡ
ɲôӷԶԶЩ˵ġ
÷ȶԳӷ粢û̫ĺøУȻӷԼ࣬Ҳ˵ӷҲֻдʸȴϣϷ˹֮ˣȻ˵ãһ֣ܷŵһѧ
÷Ϊ¹ѧԺʦ۹Ȼʮָߵģһ棬˸£Ҳһȡ
ӷڸսʱʵλ÷ʦûӷʵΪϵӷϳ屳ڹڣ÷Ѿ׸ıԼ뷨һ꼶࣬ΪӷĵҲϣˡϣʮСģˣӷǷ˹˵ģ˹壬²õĻӷǿԹңҲǲԶġ
ϴͲڱĵһǲȦ׾塣һ꼶ֵطôܻһʵǿѧһҲض޾鷳
÷֪Լ¹ѧԺгͷ֮գǾͱһõİ༶֤˿Լһõĵʦְ༶Ҫõѧǲܵ飬пܣҲ֮һ
ᣬԼģǵģĻᣬԶԶҪԼĻƵĶ࣬ɲôֻ֮һĻᣬ÷ҪȥԣΪ֮һĻᣬҲֱӾԼǰ;
÷Ĵӽ̨ǰȥǱӷŵѧҲ⼸ѧĳŷվ˿̣ûκˣȥҳӷ鷳ˣǶ֪ӷԼǲģҰ飬ǻѽ
÷Ĳûȥӷλãߵ˽ҵ棬һλãһѧſ˯
λúر𣬷·͸ȫںһƵģһߣεģ˭ֻɵһ꼶أ
žžž
÷ĳǶĿ£ڽ˯ѧƵģѧȴһ㷴ӦûУ÷Ҳû̫ȥѧֻʵѧԺ衣һѧȴҪ̭ڶֳ裬ʸѧԺȴҪŰ౻ϵһ࣬Ȼϵ࣬ϵࡣֳ裬һ֣Ҳֻ漸ʱ䣬˾ͻǣԼҲǡɵڶֳ裬ȴ˵һһӡ
÷ĿŻ˯ѧ̾˿˵֮ǰʹܶΣѵ˹һ𣬿Ļشǣͦ㣬ľͦ𣿡
÷ĸ꣬˯ѧһ£˯ѹƵģ̧ͷ÷ģ˵Ũü۵һ꣬ͷ䣬ɫɫģɫȴȾģɫ
ˣгͷ֮գ룬÷ʦҲ롣ǰϣϣȴ㣬Ҵˣڣϣˣضгͷ֮գȫǣ½Ϊĵʦ
һԶԶ˵һĻʻ̫СˣҪģǸĻʡ꼶У࣬Ϊģѧʦ㣬˿ڣҲֻǴеһˣҲܣҲ뱻˵Ƿ༶ʦ
÷ʦô
гӷ硣ϣѹ˸ˣ£ӦҲ˵˰ɣ
ô
Ҫһ
ȫˣӷڣ÷ĸѧ
ûĵ÷ľȻҪǸ˯ѧȥӷһеµĳɷ棬ΪʦӦҪԼѧദѽΪʲôȴҪԼѧء
ڰǰѾģٲ˶֡÷ʦ㻹ʡʡɣѧȫ£ûϵ
ѧҪˣ÷ĺԪ죬鶼ѾȥˣʲôʱܴǸӰ߳
ԪѧߵſʱͣͣŲûתҲûתͷֻ˵Ƿˣʱ䲻ܵˣҲܻصǰˣ
ʱ¿εѾ÷ĺε̾˿ӷ磬˵¿ΰɣ


1996 ÷ĵİҪ
¿֮󣬲κһѧڽѧ¥ȫɢѧԺĲͬطеϹ䣬е̸˵еϵϸ⣬˵¿֮¹ѧԺЩѧͬģѧ͸
÷Ĵųӷ˽ѧ¥Ķ㣬Ҳ̨֮ϣվԿѧԺڵһУѧʲôһۿס
÷ʦΪղҶֵ˵Ļҽ㿼ϾҸ¹ѧԺ˵ʵ̫顣
ӷѾˣҪˣʦǰΣҲӸġ
ˡ
÷֪ԼȻʦ治һǳӷĶ֡
ʦ򲻹ѧ¹ѧԺҲǺģϾЩʦĹְֵָĽ¹ѧԺʦҲмģΪеȼ÷ģ濴ȥǺܴʵѾǧˣǰҲ¹ѧԺѧҵ¹ѧԺʦʦְҵ̫ãȻһĳΪߵȼĵʦ򣬾¹ѧԺûϵҲһ꼶İΡ
Ȼ˵ģǴʲô𣿡
ϣѾˡصĶ٣˵⣬һСǰǶ½ˣΪµģǳ˵Ҳܶ࣬յľһѣȴû١ӷ磬Щ˶ɵϣ㵽ʲôˣ
ӣ÷ҲѾӳӷв²⵽ӷпܲǶ½ˡ
ʲôˣ
ʲôˣ˵ҪȻѾǳǣǾϣ㲻Ҫǳǲ֮¡
Ϊ£ҪҲҪǳ
Ȼˡʵ֮ǰҶİ༶ûκģϾôһ༶ûʮѧ̺áˣһ꼶ʮ˱ʮˣԣϣΪ༶顣
ȻѾ¹ѧԺôӷҲһԱˣڰҪԼΪ༶£ӷֱӾܾĻԵ̫ˡ
ˣӦԽξԽʲôطһ
ϣҰʲô
ҿĳǳ͵ġǷϵ飬ҲӦŰࡣͬˣ˹ˣżҸǾԲŹģԣΪ༶֮ǰҪȽżҸҵ⡣
ң
Ұﲻ㣬ҲûǸ㡣¹ѧԺȴ˿԰㡣
Ŷ˵˵˭ܰң
ĸˣĸܰ㣬ֻҪ㽫ĸȫݣԸ̫һһˡ
ĸˣĸˣټϳӷҲˣ˵¹ѧԺԾõ̫һһǲеǿˡ
ɳӷҲ˵ЩԼˬĻʵ˵ĸˣ
ǰѾʶˣ˼ϳ塣˼̼ҵŹ£̼ȻѾˣӰȴڣ̼žıֻҪ˼վߣżҸҵڶ֮ǰҲҪһºϳ壬СӵȱҲΪǳ¹ֻͣЩϼҵӣѾϳСӸܹˣٸϼӡǣϳСӱʵҲչһǾǳǵåŻ⣬ϳʱѧԺǱߵĹϵǳãҲϳ㣬Ҳѹġ
˵ıӷѾ֪ˣҪ÷Ķ˵
˭
Ǹղڽ˯Ԫ졣ԪҲǸʮļһԭǸһʸѧԺģһѧԺͱ̫һУ̫һһҲ¹ѧԺ̫ӵΪǰһ£ԪԼĻ䣬Ӵ˳̫ӵͣı֮ϵİ༶ࡣ
̫ӵ
Цİɣ¹ѧԺȻи̫ӵⲻǳӷڵݶ׼ϵ
̫һ潫Լ̫ˣżҵĺ棬еֶѽ
ҸղѾˣǸԪľǵ֮Ϊʲô
˵飬Ҳö˵лĻԼȥɡҪסҪ̫ӵԣżԣٲһԪ졣
ǻһ˭
һҲΪؼѧҲʦӲѧԺ쵼ѧԺһرʣݣȴ˿ԶҡģǹżҸңҪ֣˾ǣв½һǿ߰򴨵Ĺŵӡ
ʲôǣ
ǣҪҵŮˡ
һǿߵĹŵӣв½ǶĽɫôܻң
ֻҪӦ㣬Ǿаٷ֮ʮĻ㣬ΪˬżҸҵ磬ΪʦǳϻĻ᳤ҲѧԺرʡ
˼˵ֻҪҽĸ˾ۼһ𣬾ͿԸʲô̫ӵΪˣ
̫ӵΪпԣңֻǲҶ¶֣ҪΪˣĿպķչϾǳǻܶҡġȻǣҿ԰㰲棬ȴż֪鷳ΪҼпܲµ⣬ǰ㶯֣
˵ô࣬ǲҪ˵˵֮Ӧðʲô
ܼ򵥣Ҫģȫÿһѧ̭ѧԺоǣ¸µԺ䣬ϣܴһ꼶ȡһóɼ
νĺóɼҪã
̫һ¶Ժһѧ


1997 ·ƽ
÷˵İϳһԺһѧǽζʲôȨƸЩԶΪǸʱ򣬺ܶѧȿֺļİ༶ԼͽԽԽʱ¹ѧԺĵλҲϵȥһ׵ȼĵʦߵȼģǺܶüܰ쵽飬÷ھʹһֱĻᡣ
Ȼʱ÷ĳԺһѧҲ˵ЩνŰʦὫżҸҸˣӷĽ鲢ȫڰӷ磬ͬʱҲڰԼһӷ˸ҶԿʱټǳҲ˸Ҷֺ
һ˫飬÷ĸӷ綼ǺֶΪҲͨ£˴ʦѧĹϵɺĻ顣
ӷҲɵӣȻԼﵽ÷ĵҪ÷õĶһԼ࣬һ֮ˣҰĶʮִģ÷ǸŮˣȴһҰĵŮˡ
뿪ѧ¥󣬳ӷ÷Ƿֿ·ߣڸղ˵Щ飬ɲ֪ң¹ѧԺ̫ӵǰԳӷ綯֣÷ڰӷ磬ȻҲĺùӳԡ
ͬ԰ѧԺУ¿ڼ䣬ѧǶԼϲ飬ӷҲѧĵطѧԺλá
ȪԱߣ˰һС̯ӣ̯ӵǸԪ죬̯ϰڷһСӣÿһӵɫͬԱ߹ѧ̯ǰͣһ£̯ڷŵĶȤ
ŵҩǮ
ѧ̯ǰʼʼ۸ԭԪҩģŲͬĵҩЩҩȴԼƵģŰʱѧԺŸġԪԼʧȥģЩĵҩҲûʲôˣó
ʮ򡣡
ԪûĶһ۸ʵеҩͬһ۸ģ̯ҲѾ˺öˣȴһŵҩûȥΪ۸ʵڿ̫ѧҪȥѧԺȻᰴʱŵģЩòѧԺŵѧԪһᡣ
˵Ԫ죬㶼ѾôˣһŵҩҲûȥ˵ɣԼҲˡ
˵ˣһڼ۾һڼۣǮĹԶ㡣
ԪɴЩһϻͱԼ⡣
ŸʲôһŰཱུļһﻹǿЩҩеôķϣŻ˵
һԪǲˬԱһŮ˵ȥһͲˣԼļ˶ɱʲôġ
Լļ˶ɱ
仰պþͱĳӷˣӷҲѾֹͣ˽ŲΧѧôԪģȴûһ˵Ǻõġ
ǸޣԽԶԽá
ǣһҹ֮䣬ȫʮ˿ڣȫ£治֪ôǳǣҵĻʰ·ˣ
ԪЩԼȴûһ䱩ŭô˵Ҿ͵ǿҶ
ѽⲻôҩˣ˵ޣЩҩɶŰʱõģȻѾŰˣǲӦýЩҩ黹أ
Զѧ˹Ԫ䳰ȷġ
Ԫֻǿһ⼸ѧǰǸԪһģҲ¹ѧԺһ꼶Ű࣬ǰԪĹϵԴԪ֮ȫ侮ʯ
ҵȻҵģŰûκιϵ
ѽ˵ޣ˼ǷҪǮǰɡ˵ȫҶѾɱˣ㻹ҪǮʲôãѵǴײô
ϻʲôŰĶǾͰ̯ӸˣҿԺ󻹸Ҳҡ
Ԫ쿴˵ҪԼ̯ӵѧ˵ǲҪ̫
ǽͰ۸㣬ôɣ
Աߣͬһ꼶ѧҲڿţǼԼ˱۸ȴûһվģֻһŮǲˬЩһ̫ˣԪûǣԪ鷳
˵Ů˵ע㣬ǿ̫ӵˣ̫ӵһǺаԵģ˭ȥѽ
û¹ѧԺ̫ӵ£̫һǿڣû˿Զҡ̫ӵ¹ѧԺĵλ
ûпԶҡô
ӷ粻ɵһЦŰЩѧҪԪ̯ӣǰһѾץס˵һ֮˵֡
ѧӷһץе⣬û뵽¹ѧԺȻվԪ죬СʲôҲһԼķ
λͬѧһߣպ
ʲô
ң
Ӳ㣬ء
ž
ӷֱӾһѧϣѧһƾڵϣһ£Χѧȫɵۡ
СӵҲ̫˰ɣȻҶִ̫ӵˣĲͷˡ
ҲкܶѧѾϳ˳ӷ磬֪ӷϴϹ˵ˣ˼˶ҷϣЩһҪùˡ
СӣȻҶӣӽͷ㡣
ڵϵѧȻЩŰѧȫӷ˹
Ԫȴӷǰһվ˵£ҲӲǷ˵顣߰ɡ
ǲͬһͬѧôô
˭ˣֻǲ°ˡ
㲻£ζҲ¡㲻ҵЩˣ˵һȥ
Ԫ죬ҵ·

ԪûȥļѧͻȻһڹ⣬ڹⱬһǿֱӽѧȫˡ
ڰԪء
ԪһڰԪߣԲϳ֮¡
Ԫ죬Լҵġֵǣȫ˶йŪ޸Сӡ


1998 ޼å
ʱ֮䣬¹ѧԺȫУеѧۼ˹㳡ϣܶʦҲõϢվڰ칫ҵȴ㳡顣
ʵڽӷѧԺſʱܶ˾Ѿ뵽֮ڱضд鷢ӷϷ˹ˣԹΪ׵¹ѧԺ̫ӵǾԲŹӷϳģȥҳӷϳ鷳ǣ鷳ģǹҵˣǳӷȶ֣̫ӵ˸ˡ
Ϲˣ̫ӵˣȻģӷƹңһ¹ѧԺ̫ӵȨ飬벻̣һң¹ѧԺĴҼ
ֻ⣬ѧԺ˷ڹ㳡ϣЩˣȫһ꼶ŰѧҲȫ̫ӵˣĿǰΪֹҲһ꼶ѧ꼶꼶ѧûǶҲõϢȴʱ֣Ͼһ꼶飬ˣһ꼶ŰģԼЩ꼶ѧܹȥ
ʦİ칫¥ÿһϣ㿴ϷʦǣҲһŲ豭ȴⳡϷĿʼ
̫ӵ컹ǵһΣѧҸ̫ӵΪУӣӷ绹Ǹѽս¹ѧԺˡڣ¹ѧԺҲͨѧԺﲻνʵĻȥսκˣκֻҪܽЩȫܣ¹ѧԺϴλþġ
ʵڵ̫꣬һս¹ѧԺʱҲǴһ꼶꼶Щ꼶ߵѧǿͳͳܣŽ̫ӵΪ¹ѧԺȫ
Ȼ̫һ£죬ӷ
ʮӶʮ̫һϴλѾˣڣҲûˡ
÷ʦһ꼶໹Ǹ˲ŵĵطѽһԪ죬նɱȫʮ˿ڣȻѧԺһСӣ˹ˣսѧԺ͸Ҹ̫ӵŸɣѵһ꼶࣬㷭ɡ
ʦⷽ棬ʼԳӷΪǲˬЩ˲ǸżйϵǸйϵƹҵȨȻǿ˳۵ġɱϾΪʦҲó档
÷µӷ̫ӵͻû뵽鷢ô죬Լոӷ̸껰ӷתͷ͸̫ӵ˸лһԪ졣
˵Ԫ֣ټһϳ壬ӷ̫ӵӦò̫ᷢ⡣ڣϳСҲ֪ȥˣѧԺȴû¶棬Ԫ˵ǷҲ˶ˣɽ£ԣӷڰͷ֪Сӻ᲻лһ³ӷ磬ųӷһԸ̫ӵˡ
˾ʦ£Űѧ۸ѧͬѧ˳۲ŻֵģŰȴ˶أȫ༸ʮһǰѧǲе˵ȥѽ
վ÷ߵʦ˾Ҳһ꼶ŰİΡ
÷ʦҪ˵ôѧɶʡ͵ĵƣǰѧˣǵùĿɾŰࡣҲѧ֮ìܣЩΪʦģȿɡѧԺй涨ѧ֮ǿսģԶ٣ʤ࣬˵ǰţѧһսءŶԣСӣѾˡ
˾ʦдų÷ĵĹϵԭͲãֳ£ʦ֮ȻǲֵܶģǾͿԼѧ˭Կɡ
÷е㵣ģԪ첻ᶯ֣ϳ岻֣һӷ磬ǷӦһ꼶Űࡣ
ڹ㳡ϣһ꼶ŰѧȫۼһʮˣЩˣҲѾӷ˸Χסˡ
ڹ㳡Աߣһô£Ҳѧѧҵˣһһ¿κɵڶû
磬㿴һ꼶ЩһܲܰѳӷԪ㶨
߿Ź㳡м䣬ʵߵ
ǸϹӣ˫ۿȴоѧԺһС
ԸƧ˶˷ܵʱ̣ûκεı飬һ飬ڲͬģģϵ֣͹ģȥʲô֡
һķԪһˣͿԽȫ
˼˵һ꼶ЩһҪùˣ
ţǰ飬ԪĴܴҲģ˶֣ղһ꼶ЩһƣڰԪضų
Ԫ첻֣ӷһвУ
ѾʹˣǸӷǵ̼֮佫˸ɱɼϳԪ֮ϡԴӷӦּΣգ֮ҪͲֱ֣ضȡҲɵϣϵһûǸոսѧԺӦò¶ֵġ
磬С˵ô㣬ܸܲ㶨
һҲ˶֮⣬˭Ķ֡Ҳڶ֮ǰѾǸˡ
Ĳ΢΢һתеѾ˵ϳˣ˼
˿̣ڹ㳡м䣬һȺ⴫
ôȻӡȫӹ
ϳڵˣ滹Ÿ˼˼ûиϳһȺȺȺͣס˽Ų
飬Ҫƽǲ̫ܵģ˼ȻƽԼٹ°ɣǵһֳͨɸʲôӣҪӷĴ·ˡ
ϳ壬̫ӵ£㲻Ҫˡ
Űѧɲϳ壬Ϊ̫ӵὫκ˷ܶʦǣҪ·ߡ
ĶүôôΧֵܣӹܣ浱̫ӵѽֳһķһ
ӷһץסϳ壬˵ϳֵܣ㻹Ա߿Ϸɣģһ˽
ֵܣ˶ѽһӦĹ𣿡
Ҳʮ˰ˣ˺ܶ࣬룬Ӧûʲôɡ
ǺãԼСһ㣬Щ쵰øǿͳͳ˶С
ϳһˣԪվ߷˵ιޣ˵ֵܿΪ˰ŸЩ쵰ģıһ²ؼӡ
Ԫ˵å¾㣬ҿûҡ
ðɣһޣһåӷѽô˵ԼҲǸ߲ѽô͸һһå쵽һˣ
ֵܽǣһﶼǶҲøǿҲøǽʲô壬һϣȫˣΪٱ𡣡
ǲҽ壬ҪȺŹҲͲǿˡ
ӷ絥һأֱ߳ϣһֱӾѹҪΪ˱ѧͷϣǿʱʹΧѧȫʮʮ


1999 ¹һ֧
ӷһֻ̩ɽѹѹһѧͷϣҲΪѧֻӷļλãȰӣӷԲѴ֮ͽɱ
ɲɱ˵ʱ򣬸ս¹ѧԺھŰɱ֣ǵڶ¹ѧԺսˣӷɲɵ¡
顣
ȻһȥһƲûѧͷģӷһתѧͷתƵļϣҼ΢һѹ£
Χ˿ӷһȥȻȡԱǴµһվ
˭Ҳ벻ӷ粢ûжѧ¶֣һƵǿȴеȫѧĽ£ʹѧһҲûˣ˫ţѾ˵¡
Ҫ֪¹ѧԺĵ棬˹ģһʮرҲʮּӲĿʯ̳ɵģɳӷһƣȻѧѹ˵£ΧеѧԼ۾һĻ˵ʵ
ȥɡ
¡
㳡һ޴𶯣һӷѧͷڵ֮⣬壬ȫѾ˵¡
Ҳ̫̬˰ɣһƣȻ˵á֪ǿߣһȥ㲻ȡѧҲһȫͷϵֱӱϡɳӷһƣǽѧ£ѧı飬û˿ʹ࣬Ҳ˵һѧȥûжκ˺
쵰ַҳ
бµĻԼɡ
ӷȥһνǲһڳӷ˵ֽɫԼһָͷµԼҲûȤҪɶΧЩѧ˵ӷһ֣ʵǾѽСôתƵȥģֶʵĺܡ
ʦ칫Ҵ¥˾ʦ㳡ϵһĻѾվסˣȥֹӷ磬ȴֿһԱЦݵ÷ģ
÷Ĳʱ⣬Լһ˵õѧ˵𵽺ܴİԼھͽĻǵڸӷʦеĵˣҲԼ˺ܶˣûзֺĺô
һȻŰ࣬һ
һ꼶ŰѧѾӳԾзӦ˹ӷһֱ֣ǶŰ裬Ҫ֪ղűӷµصģǰİ೤Լİ೤˸ˣԼЩ˲ܻš
ǳ֣һ˵ӷ粻ὫЩССֵĻԵԼٶ̫ˡ
ЩˣġҼǿɣǣȫȥ
ֶͬٴʹӷ㣬ƶÿһŰѧǰǵļһ˸һƣһ꼶ŰʮѧĿ֮£ȫֻʣһͷڵϣ壬ȫ˵¡
ʮͷӷҪȡĻֻҪһʮ˵ͷͽԶ뿪ǵĲӡ
ϳԪ໥һۣһеǿߣ˵˵ǳ˼㣬Ϊⷽ棬ȴû˸˵Ƿ
ӷֶΣϳԪ죬һ˵ı󣬶亹
Ҳ̫˵ɣգ֮䣬һ꼶Űʮˣȫĳһӷôôֱߣһʱ֮ҲҪҲǻ֮顣
Ⱥ˼ķ¿ԽԽˣӷ˹ҵ죬̫ӵϺݺݳһ⣬̫ӵǾԲݵģڣ꼶꼶Щ̫ӵĳԱҲһȫ߸ϹΪ̫ӵӣ죬ӷҪһ֮ս̫ӵˡ
ִˣߡ
˼ȺȰӷˣϾѾǳӷһ˵ˣϳԪ춼Ѳ˸ϵ
ɳӷһЦ΢Ÿ˵ν¹ѧԺ̫ӵôֱǲһ
ƣǳƣ̫ӵĳԱž仰ȫӷƴѽ
ŵСӣôĿҵ뿴㵽̵ʲôȻ̫ͷ϶
ۺӴϢȺ⴫ȳӷ翴ˣֻеʹۼЩʹȫ㳡Χеѧٴ˺
ӷС֣еĲʹȫֵסˣЩʹʱȫΪһʻЩʻޣ״տɫΪѪɫʻмȻһ죬ﻹŷļ
һЩʳ˻
ˣͳͳ¡
һŮ˵øղŷۺѧҲûǰֱվ˺Ⱥ֮ǰһҲ
ӷվһ÷˵ĸˣѾӷվһ𣬵վһ𲢲վһߣϳ֮⣬ԪǴ͵ģ˼ҲֻǺѳӷϽߣѾˡ

ϳ忴ѾԼǰŮһֻʮ˾Ůĺɫȹӣһͷɫ㷢Ҳڸתųӷʱ˺ɫ
ҵˣ
ӷʵ
ûһеģǸŮĴ㣬̫һĶ硣
Ѿͷе˼Ȼ̼ôʳ˻
Щ˵ĹֵֻܣԸʵҲѣ˵ĻǸ֮£ҪɱǾٶȽ·е鷳ˡ
·
ǴܻǸأһСѾͷܳȸôʳ˻Щʳ˻κβԼѵ·ջԼɡ
ѧ㣬Щҧѽ
ӷµصѧȫͷ亹ԼЩһҲˣЩʳ˻ͣҧɱԼ˸ˡ
һȺûõĶȫҹ
ɢʹ⣬ЩʹڵϻһѺۣ漴һ̤أ¡һбӷµصѧȫ˳
лѧ㡣
һȥӽ쿪ʼЩһ̫ӵĳԱԺǵ飬Ҳ̫ӵ޹ء
һ仰ֱӾͽЩѧ̫ӵˡ
ѧ㣬ٸһλɡ
ȫҹ
ǷŭЩѧҲҶ˵ʲôȫ˵һԡ
¹һ֧˵Ѿֵܷˣѵڶ𣿡
ϳûк
ϳ壬˭ٽһ飡
˭֪¹ѧԺһܱȽ㶾ҪõĶɡ
㡭
˫ͫŴ󣬿˵ϳåɲŮåϻ˵˭
û˼˼Ҷ
Щϲ·Ůˣ绹ǱȽġøɣıǰûиÿ
ϳֵܣȻģǾճɡ
ϳ˵˵ֵܣŮҪСģҪ·ͱôˣֱһɱ
ӷҪɱϳ嶼ֹȴ˵ɱӲΪżҸҵķֱ𣬶һ·ᷢµ飡


2000 ǧĿͫ
㳡ĵѧȫѾɢϳԪ죬˼Ҳ˵ԶԶģʹĳӷ֮أճһƬ޴Ŀռ䣬ƬռڣչһĴս
ȻˣӷûҪ̫ã۷Σӷϵ죬Ӧ۷Ϊ˵ӵ³ӷûںϾڤ磬ҲԳѪӦˣ
ȹӣѧڲͬ·¹ѧԺǹżҸҵ˸ͲҪѧԺУʲô£Լ뷨ʲôˣǶ˵Ű衣
ڣӷһɾɶˣãߣֶֶߡ
ԣЩʳ˻ҲѾȫۼΧûκһķɢģʳ˻ͺñһֻֻĳ㣬ǹɵҪǹ˭͹˭ʳ˻˵ܹˣͬʱҲ˺ʳ˻ʧȥǵЩʳ˻ͽĻйãΪҵԺû˸Ҷô˵ʧȥЩʳ˻ˣûжЩʳ˻֮ڡ
ɫĹâɢΧѧóĳأΧʳ˻ҲɢĲʹ⣬һһĽЩʹɵ󣬴Ŷʮʳ˻ȫۼͬһϣ໥֮ţҲ˵һںϣһľ޴ʳ˻
ٴνʳ˻ĻУʳ˻˺ܶɫЩһֻֻֽţΧͣİڶţͷͬһѰѵĴ̵ʱȡ
ɢƵʳ˻ӷһʱ֮䣬治֪ѾͷӵеʲôԪأɢҲԪӣǹżҸңѾ˽ʮˣ֪ӷڶֵʱҲõԪȻˣΪʲôҪȽԼԪ¶ڳӷǰأ
Χѧûһ˵ûκһ϶ӷһϾϷϹ˵飬ϸղŵ飬˽ӷ統һߵĻӾвˡڣÿһѧҲģǹҵһһǸŮˣȴǸǶŮˣʳ˻ֳǶԸ
£еѾעųӷһһӷŵıϾãһʲô⣬ΪҲüʱ
ܣôıóˣѵ㲻С𣿡
ͨŲյϢҲȫ˹ӷȻ˵̫ӵһǱԴ˽ӷ磬Ϊ˱ģû뵽ԼյͼѾӷ
˵СԼҪȥСӽһ£Ҳˡ
ˣʵͲҪǹҵ˳֣ǰɼݵĽɫܽŲ˵
˵ҲˡǱ𿴳ӷСƽƽ棬ȴӵһǰδġ
Щоѵ㣬֪С·𣿡
ʱֻ֪ǸоСڵа񣬼ʹҴϵҴ˵Сӵʱɫףͫ׷Ŵұ²⣬ҴѾСӸŴˣͲܿСӵ·
㣬ҲѾʹˡ˵ͷ·˵Ԩһʱɢʧеսû˿ֵĻ֮£ŻᱻСӵֵġ
Ԩаͬһ壬а½ѾδֹˣСǴĵа
ͨ˵ҪСһɱǾͱҪ˽Դаһͬ㡣
˵
ûܣоЩô֪꣬ڴ½ϣֹ
ҡҡͷ˵ҷĹийص鼮δκһϼعһ͵ڽûеġ
Ǿˣ½ڵСôģңҲûԪģֻǿаᡣ
ͨˣǶ֪ĻǾԵô۵̫Сˣ˵ǹͨǣǳΪǿĴڣһ֪һôĴڣϾô۵ʱֽѾܾúܾˣڵǣҲ֪ôһôĽɫźʱĵһǿߣѾ˵ҲǸѽǲƻ֪ģɳӷȴãΪӷʱڣҲˡ
ȿɣСΣգˣ㹻Ӧ
㳡֮УӷߵȪ˴۾ҵӷ粻һҲţеҸطӣѵŸֲɡ
СӣҾҪ꣬Ҳһ±ϵĸо
ҪңףֻҪ㹻˵ǷңɱҶ֮顣ҿǿѽ
̫󣬴֪֮
߶ʳ˻Ƚӷ磬ӵ£ֱӳȪǱȥ
ӷ罫ַŽȪˮӶţͲǹԼʳ˻ֻǵȪߣӷĽʱδ棬ӷˮ֣ˮдһָ
顭
Ȫˮдһ峿ͻأȪеˮȫȪӷ֮ˮ֮ˮȪˮֱһĸ߶ʱӷٴδһָָ󣬳ӷһָҲأ˵֮
ϵˮʱ֮䶳һıЩȫڳӷĿ£ֻһžžһıγ㣬ֱӲȪΧĵϣҲסˣ޷ٶԳӷй
Ԫأ
µĹŲ˵
ڲûкɢԪء
Ԫأô쵽ģ
ӦֻһԴűԵԴǿһĳ𵽹̶Եá˵
ԪߣȻѧԴʲôЦ
С̫֡СȥһԿġ
ͨСҪ˷ʱ䣬ǵʳ˻κãϽ
Ȼ֪ʳ˻Գӷκã˵ҪϽӷ磬ڵ˭Ŀѽ
ã
Ⱥһߵϳ֪ʲôֵܣǲŮˣڲɱ֣ľ㡣ϣɱ
ӷЦһ˵ľңһʶһ£ʲô͡ɣóռҲ۽硣ǧʧ
Լʳ˻ȫӷıסˣʳ˻ãʳ˻һգʳ˻ʱķǳСͷϡ漴ȹӼһ¶ѩ׵Ƥӷһַӵľס˫ۣ˵򲻹ҲɣһҪأ
쵰ռСˣ챾С·
ϰȫ¶˳һ̣ΧеѧȫתȥΪû˸ȥ壬ˣҪĴۡ
ӷͻȻоһԪڱǸԪԵĺڰԪأʶģӷ罫ִ۾ǰǲ룬ֲòǰ¶ϰ
ŮˣѾͷĲò˵ǳãҲǵ棬תųӷʱӷʲô涼Ľɫıһ亹
ǰˣȴĵˣ
ıϣһҲѩףкܶණЩ˭˶ȫƤ񣬺ëȫ࿴һۣԲ¶
۾ıֻɫ۾Щɫ۾Щɫ۾һգһգģĺǿֲ
ֵܣǧĿͫСˣ


2001 ָͫ
۾ͺųǧĿͫѽҵ˻ǹ̥ʳ˻۾治֪ǵ˼ӵȱ£һϹӣһŮȴô۾˵㻳ǰô֪Щ۾һأһûУһôѽ
ӷ绹Ϊеģ˵һŮˣԺ˭ȢѽȢ˻ȥʱ·ѹ⣬ǻŸѽ
ڿɲǳӷΪ˵ĵʱ򣬷ҪȵһԼ
ϳåﶼСˣɼЩ۾Сӡ
һ£ǲ޵Ľѽһ࣬ôһô۾ģ
ӷ˫ϲͣţЩ۾Ǻܴȴǳܼռһоʮֻÿһֻ۾ǻգ۵ͬʱɢ׹⣬·һ̣ÿһֻ۾ĳֳӷ󲻵ķʽ
˵޵Ľ壬û˿ߣ෴ڳӷ˵еЦνͷʶ̣ӷͷҲѽôʶûУĴ½Ӧ˵ǳʶˣܳ
һҵǧĿ֪ͫӣ컹˷߼
ʲô
ӷ練һ䣬Լ𣬻⣡۾ȻҲǷ㿪ʲôЦ
ϳں˵ֵܣǽںϣΪһ壬Ż᳤һ۾ġ
ʲô
ںϣӷֻ֪ԸСںϣûԸںϵġ
ǧĿͫһͻԽ˴뻭У뻭е磬ͽͻٿ޷԰Ρڰٶǰõһ˺ܴʱںΪһ壬ʹ˻һǧҪЩ۾ĺڹյȻͻᱻȥıϣ𽥱ݻԲ񾭣
ܴݻԲ񾭵ѽַǸӷĵָе
ǧĿͫһʲôӷһȤûУȤģںϣ
һСһӵ˵ĴǸϹӹҲУ͸˵̫һˡڹżֵܣӦҲУֻǹ˸ûöѣ
ϳֵܣⷨںϣǲҲУ
Ȼˣⶼʲôʱˣÿһ˵ķǸںΪһģܸøʹ÷ͬʱʱʹ÷ֵܣɲҪңķǸֿģĻ㻹̫ˡ
ӷ̾ѽû뵽˾ȻôһףԼ飬ǵڲ֪ǿõġ
ӷ磬˵ϻ磬ֳ̫ӵ첻ɱ㣬̫ӵȫЦ
ӷ˵Цˣ֮һ꼶֮࣬ԱЩ˳ЦΪǱܡʱͬˣȻҳӷѾһ꼶࣬ǾͲҲ˳Цҿɶˡ
˳ЦҲһҸˣܻš㣬죬ˡ
ҲʲôҲʲôںϲںϵģ죬Ҿ͸㣬ھԵʵǰκηá
Ŀ󣬻ҵǧĿͫǿɣɣһȫµ磬һԻõ硣
۾Ѿ˵ڹ⣬ЩڹٵγһĹߣ۾ʹĳӷˣϳԪڣȥ±Щڹ䵽
Իõ磬ϲһǱȽϲʵ硣ңⱳȥĶģȥˣҵ塣һУνǧĿͫ
ⷨԴΡһǳǵңõĶǿǿĹǰλĴ½һ˼㶫͸½ᣬ֮ĵξͿ֪ˡ
ӷϴЦЦִ޵ţûǧĿͫ
һֱָָͷ첻ҪһǧĿͫҪҲһԻõζǧĿͫԻ羫ʣָɵԻá
ʳָǰĴָϣӷһҪǹ˵ƣʳָָ⣬һѪ棬ѪϸȥǿģΪǳӷմһѪ
Ѫһٻǻģôһ䣬ǴµüͷһȻǰһ˫յ˫΢΢һ·о˴鷳Ƶġ
ͨʵܣôˣ
⣡
ʲô⣿
ӷ⡣ֹС˺󡣡
ʱˣϣӷҲӦѽƶѾˣѪ涼Ѿˣˣΰɣ
ǧĿͫգ
Сס֣Ӳƴ
˼Ѿ̫ˡ
ӷѾȺ֮ɹָϵѪ棬ǰһ˳ȥ
ָ
ĺڹŸոշųϣԼĺԴǱʲôһƵģûиоκεĲʣ漴ԺͻȻһƬհףϵǾʮкɫ۾Ҳʱȫ۾ȫգĺڹȻȻʧΡ
ô£
˾Ӱ㣬ԼǧĿͫûԳӷãԼһƬհףȻһֲľ֣սɱ¾𣬲ҽ죬һѾ޴Ŀͷ
һĻĻԣȫʵĴڣ˿٣ʱһУϳһıǾʮԭϵ۾ٴ֮е۾ͬһʱѪֹֹͣͣУȫѪҺʼᣬϸʼȥֱȥ


2002 ̫
ĵ£Χеѧȫоŵתû˻ȥˣΪ˿ǳӷ硣
һˣһӷĵǲ޵ĵѽҲ̫˵ɣ̶̶ʮСʱ֮ڣ㷭ͬʱҲ˵ӷҵĳޣѾﲻصĵزʦ칫¥ڵ÷ģеʦȫɵۡ
ţӷȻְˣһ£ƾҵٺãҲ̲סģʱϢͽңҵǿߣһȺӿҪӷ
ڡ
ССѣ
ͬʱһǿڣͨŲҲվԱߣڶŭ죬ʱû
ۡ
һڣʱѪ漣ѽ漣Ȼû˹
Соô
磬ңҡʹ
ϻʹģû󣬿Ҳ⡣Ҫ֪ӷ˵ָѪԪأһʹã˵һһٸҲǱѽһȻû֪ʹĿʲôЦ
ϳܵӷߣ˵û
ûⲻѧѽôûأӦǱѽ
ѽҶоղһеĿֲССͲܶסһѽ
ӷ翴űıϲͣѪ˵ѪֹǧĿͫȫˣһֻֻ۾ıϵصͬʱʧ
ԭǷһ
ʲô˼ϳʵ
Ǽһָ˺ڷҷˣȴһС
ԭˣ˵أǵһôܻţԭǧĿͫһҲãûǧĿͫҿԺôš
ϳԣȽɫͲĶ֣ϳɻģҲֻǼˡȻķѾӷƣûŵʱҪҵڶǧĿͫķǲܵ飬ǮǵȷɲǮĵء
磬ҵǧĿͫ
ڲҪ˵ô࣬ϴȥˡӷһָ̫ǿ˵е˺ǧĿͫˣҲˣʱҽΣ»º֢ġ
ǻ쵰ҵǧĿͫ磬ɱ
СڲǺֵʱҲ˵ʵңҲδضĹ£ǵȶغ˵ɡϴȥ˿»⡣
ͨ˵ܣϴıûȥˣߵ齻ǽҲ֪ͨܵģأӣǶˡ
Ǹ򲻹ӷ磬ӷˡҲ򲻹ӷ磬ӷˡʱͨٸӷɱ˳ӷ绹ãһˣԼһҪҪǳǻȥԣǹͨǹŲҪ̫һأΪҵһУֻ̫һоԵİɱӷ硣
ٶϻУſڷȥ
ʹתͷԳӷû꣬ɱ㣬Ĳݡ
ҪˣɱġҵƤ治һĺѽ
ϳ壬˵Ϊ¸ûϵҵţ̫һغѪծһ㡣
ȥѽǹ磬򲻹Ͱȱѵǻǲɡ
ŲڴżҸڴ壬ɱӷϳ壬ǳڣ˭ΪĻҲضǹżҸնɱĶ󡣡
һ仰˿˳ӷϳ˽ִֻ̣еʱ䲻ڡ
˵żҸҶ⻰ˣԲ˻ȥӷ磬ϳһһżҸҷ֣Ҳģڳ˾û˱סӷϳ塣
ȻҪ˱Ļӷ첻Ϲˣ첻
ѵǻݻҸǹң֮ĳͽϸղ飬ֻ֮սһ߰ˡбµģʱӽ쿪ʼϳ춼ѧԺɱңǵı£ɱңҾɱҵˡ
ϳҲʾѽģݻ˭˵ѽ˵ҪĵС
ӷҲӻôôɣռ䣬Ҳûƽ˾Ǻõģ٣Լ𲽴죬ԼҪҵĴ½Ļ綼֪ġ
Ԫ˵åСӻɪ˼Ҷɱˣ֮ڲ֣Ϊûնѣ̫һһأǾ鷳ˡ
һ̫һƨëߡҸֵ֣ʮ̫һҲ
ԪЦһ˵ʵ̫С̫һˣΪܸƽҸ㣬ϴ̫һȱϹģ̫һѾԺ洫αչõĺôʵѾԶԶȰ㻹Ǽþգ̫һû֮ǰһǳǣȥĶãǧҪˣȻ·һ
һåһޣʵ˵ĻšԪ죬ǰ̫ӵˣ̫һ˽⣬϶ϳ֮ϣȻԪ˵ǾͲǼٵģǸ̫һԶϳ֮ϡ
˭洫Ҳǿһôĳ̶ȡˣԶͷҪң;ɡ
ԪһЦ˵ȻҲ˶֣Ÿ̫һʵҿԿһ°㡣
׼¹ѧԺһֹһ̫ӵڿʼҲһ̫ӵһ̫һλ̫ӣҳӷڿʼǶ̫ӡǸ̫̫ǿ֮󣬱֪
ʲô
̫ӵһһӷʲôҪ̫һֵ¶Ȩѽ
ãֵܣϳ͸һˡżʲôʲôֵܾͲݸҲŪǡ
ʦ¥Ǳߣ÷ļûһɽųӷĻ÷ѽҲ̫˵ɣ˼̫һûأѾˡ
Աߵ˾ʦЦһ˵˼ӷе˼̫ӣ̫ӡ̫һѽ˻ڱչصУͱ˸°أ治֪ϢʲôӦ
˾ʦ㿴Ұѧѽ̫һΣ
Ϳ컯ɡ¹ѧԺû˶ĹżҸҵˡ̫һҵĵϵͬʱԺ״ӣԺ洫˵ѵһţϵԪءǸӷ磬ඣ
Ԫأһ˾ȻӵԪأѹ̫һܳΪһѧȽɫȷϳӦأ
÷Ĳ̫࣬ھͱȥǣΪѾֵĹˣûΪӷƲõ̫һأżҸҵǿߣѾԳӷɱˣ


2003 ̫ѦѬ
ȫУߵһѧ¥ڣﹲ㣬ÿһһ༶ɱһ꼶꼶ĽѧʩҪǧٱ˵ӦоС
һĻش½µϢ³ֵǿߣиĴС¼ͬʱ˻𷢷ѧԺظĵҩһЩ߼ԴЩѧԺÿһھͻᷢһΣЩҩģȻǰͣԴÿһڷȥٹһھͽջأ꼶ѧ٣򲻵ʲãֲκˡ
Ȼڵ㣬꼶Űڵ¥㣬ŵĶҲҪϺüܽÿһѧ¹ѧԺļӣڣ¥ڣȴһѧеѧȫڹ㳡ϣĿǰûл
һԼٶȣһңʶʮ֮˵ǽң˵һ
ڽ棬һۿȥǿһ˵ģʶһţԴ֮ȴ̫һ̫һΪԺ״ӣ¹ѧԺ̫ӵ̫ӣܴڽһʺĵط
ڽҵмλãҲΪܼ֮أ֮УһŮ˵ӰֵģŮ˵òͨ͸ӹȥһɫƤ£·ͬһսƵģһͷںڵĳвͣƮţòνݣòǵȴ֮£ȣŮֻԵĹŵʽ˵һλʱԵŮڵŮˣǹŵʽŮ֮вͬ˵޶ˡ
һڽҺ󣬽ڵҲֹͣ˶ԻµĹŵŮ˵̫ˣˡ
̫¹ѧԺȳƺŵģǾֻһˣ˲ǹżҵˣҵˣ̫һŮˣ̫һԳ̫ӣν̫ɸ̫һŮѵĹϵ
λ̫ѦѬ¹ѧԺѧеһŮͬǿıı˼֮£ھʵӴҲΪˣѦѬľ̫һŻߵһġ
ʵѦѬ¹ѧԺǾصǳҲһλΪĹϵȫ˶־ηģѦȻǳ֮ڣѦȴǳǵľѦѬүүҲǾеĵһѽΣͬӷ⹫һһ£ǳǵľӶ
ҸżѾǱˣѦҳΪ׼ңǲò˵ǳǣҵ£ǼʱҸ̲
̫һ֮ԸѦѬߵһ𣬲̫һѦѬļѦѬ̫һʵȣڼǰ¹ѧԺչһŮ׷еĺϷҲǳֱڵһμѻѽ
ѦѬ֮һͬʵı֮ϣűһֺĿʯͶɵģҲǰһűΪ̫һı̫һչ̫֮ӵһȫѦѬҵȫѦѬ
ѦѬִλϣȨĲһ仰¹ѧԺҪǴӡ
¹ѧԺҲѾܾûνĴˣ죬˵²ãѦѬ˵ȤҲѾ֪ʲôˡ
ǲǰˣ
ڹ㳡飬Ϊ̫ѦѬȻǵһʱõϢûܹȥ͵СҲҪ̫ȥĻԵĹ̫ͨûˡ
ǰˣǧĿͫˡ
⻰ѦѬеԽܡ
ǧĿͫѦѬǿǳǶѵһĸ߼ѽǵΪƾǧĿͫŰʸûСɽ죬ǧĿͫȻˣ⻹Ǵ²
Է˼У
ѦѬ֪ӷʲôֶΣǧĿͫģҪϸ˵ĻѦѬûǸģֱֵӽղŵĻųԼɡ
ʱ֮䣬ղڹ㳡ӷһǧĿͫĻѦѬǰѦѬ˶һһ㶵ģȥԼ۾
һУԷȻֻһУͽǧĿͫˣƵ˵ĳףͬʱѦѬҲĳǧĿͫĻǱƵģˡ
һӷ磬ֶιȻǸĺܣһָ˸߼ң첻ѽ
󣬻ֳ˳ӷ˵Ҫ̫ӵ̫һһλ̫ӵѦѬоúЦ¹ѧԺ˸վ̫һˣһһһ꼶
̫ѾСؼȥˡŴٸŶûնԸӷ磬Ѿ̫ӱչ֮ضȥҪ̫ǰˡ
ѦѬ˵ȥ߹ͨŲ̫Ϊؼʱ̣ܲ޳ɲͿ⼸ˡؼʱ̣˭ȥ̫ӡǸӷ磬Ҳһ̫ӵ𣬼ȻҶ̫ӵֲءνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬǸӷǸܼòˣ㲻ܼǣҲҪ̫ԳȻὫġ
˵ǣ֪ͨλү
뿪ҺѦѬ˵̫һ飬㲻ùܣȻ㴦áѧԺĻѾ޳غһԺϴΨвˣ
һ꼶࣬ѾϿʱ䣬÷ĵڶûңӲʦİ༶ˡ
ȫˣһԪ⣬ûһۿӷģĳӷԶԶģ·һ˳ӷ磬ͽɱ֮
飬ӷѾֲˣ˼ҹżҶѾ˷ɱʱû˸ҿԼǺġҿԼˣһͽԼģӷһҲϡ
ˣˡ
һѧӽӷĸйżҵҪԼˣû뵽Ļ湻ģѵ̫һѾˡ
㼱ģǹżҸҵ𣬷ûӷһ𣬲ǵ¡
ǣǹżҸҵˡ
˭ˣһȻ㲻ἱ
ǲ˭ѽ¹ѧԺһ֮£֮ϵѽ
ʲô
Ԫ죬Ѿվߵӷǰ˵û´ĻӦѦѬ
ѦѬʲô
̫һŮˡ
ûľ̫ӷ磬ˣɱѽ
ʱſڣѾվһŮˣӷȫ˷ۿȥߣ̫ѦѬ
ʣӷ𣿡
ѦѬͦòģȻáʡ֣ȥ鷳ѽ
ӷӦҾǡ
ܲܳһ£е㡣
ӷоֻһˣûд
һҰɣǲ̫ˡ
Ԫ˵ǧСλ̫ܳΪ̫һŮˣȻ򵥡ŮҲǰǳ嶯֪ߵغ֮Ȼһ㣬ǾͲжġ
ҳȥ˵ʲô


2004 
Ҫ̫ԶҲҪҸصĵطֲǼ˵飬ӲǸѦѬһˣӷ绹ǹģվ˽ϡ
ȻѦѬҲĿķΧûˣҲһģȻһӷ磬Ȼ£ѦѬ̬Ҳ鷳ģҲ˿ˣڸʱ򣬾ֱӰѺݻżһһ鷳ľٶ
˵ɣʲô£
ԷԼû˵ӷҲ˵Ķֵ̫Ļ
ҽһ°ɡҽѦѬǳѦҵļ̳ˣѦңΪӴļ壬˵ҲҪѦҼӡ
ѦѬղŵǺܿڵҽܣȴŵ˼㡣
ʲô˼ֱӸ߳ӷѦǳǵȨҪóӷ֪ԼԵһô
ӷ˽⣬ʲôطӣǾصģһҪҪû˾ӣⷽҲûкܿԡ
ѦѬѦҵļ̳ˣһŮ̳ˣ⻹ǺټѦҴǳǾ㣬й֮ˡ
˰죬ԭǳǿɲôѽһЩ壬Ǽ岻ɶҡĴڣ˵ǼҪͽĴڡ
вƣżҿǳǵΣѦңͿǳǵľ£ҽһǾǾһץҵĲҲΨˣ
ͦţġңң壬вƣƣǹɣ
ӷѾе㲻ˬˣѾģڵʱΣҲҳ˵ѽ磬ȻһףŻô˼ҳӷɲǱŴġ
Ҫᣬҽ㣬ûжʾ˼෴ҿ԰㡣
ң˵̫һŮˣν̫ôҡѵǿ̫һǹҲ˳𣿡
ˣҿɲΪԹģ˵䲻ĻȻе㱾£Ҫ㻹ԶأǰϰĴڡɱĻǽģͲһˣɱĻԵģҲԲǹ˸Ľɫ
ףһ˴̸ȻһˡֻǣĻᣬһôĻᣬ˵Ǹ¡
Ҫ˵ô磬βҰϸһ¡ȻҲʱģϾֻǸռǳǵСɫˣһ㶼̫ķˣССֵ飬ѦѬҲܡ
ã֣˵Щȴ˵ĿңҲ˵ʲôɡ
ټв½Ŀǰλã֮ˣҲ̫һһȻ֮ǰ˵̫һûȣֱһ죬һأ̫ӵϲ˲šҸղҲѾ˵ˣҪһ̫ӵ̫ӵ֮λ˵ڶ֮˼ǣҪѹ̫ӵˡ
ӷЦ˵ɡ
ʵҪѹ̫ӵ֮ҲһǳﻹвˣѧԺʱѧԺЩѹǡô¹ѧԺ̫ӵôĴѹôıֶΣǵǰͬڻҰ㣬٣ͲҪ̫һ˵һ仰ȫ
ţǾ仰ţ档֪λţ̫ңܲ˵ĶĻղ˵ЩһûȻҵĻһ΢׵ġ
ҽĿĺܼ򵥣ܰ㴦żҸҵ飬øղŵ¸ϵ´û̫ӵҪΪ̫һ£ֱӹ쵼ӽҵǴӣҽ㲻ߣһҪȫУǰѦѬ׳Ƴ
ӷƢţеʱǳãɲõʱҲǷǳֲġ
ѦѬ֪Լ˵ʲôҪӷ̫ӵҪ׳ƳѵͲ֪ôдѵΪһԼɱʲôѦңʲôżңʲôܱס
Ȼʱ򣬳ӷֻܽѦѬĻЦϾ˼ǱԼԼڶɱ֣ôҲ˵ȥѽֱӽǾȨ߸ǹֳֺõ飬ӷʱ
һŵŮˣֻҲ֪ʲôطѦң̫һҪҼ̫ӵСܣԣȥ̫һɱˣȻٽżҸҵȫɱ⣬һǿԿһµġ
ӷһ仰ֱӾܾѦѬѦѬɫ˱仯
ӷ磬㲻Ҫʶ̧١Ը㣬㼸ĸ֡
˼ָ֣ҳӷܲѦСû£Ǿذɣж죬Ϊһһʱ̲סɱ㡣
ѦѬӷѾǿɱ⣬ͺҪӷƵġ
ҳô󣬻û˸ҲӵģǵһҲԱ֤㽫һ
ôɡһǾ仰Ȼܳһ̫ӵҳӷͬԳһ¹ѧԺǳǣֻһ̫ӵֻһ̫ӣǣ̫һңǾưɡ
ӷ磬㵱治𣿡
˼˼ϵڣ񱻷ϵģ˵ģ̫ӵ˰ɣҵĿǰλãġȻң˵ЩҲΪν̫ӵЩеĻ䣬紵һǿżıŰġڳҳӷ磬оǵˣǵˣȻǲˬˣԲҼǡǣ˼νĺӵܣҸûڹνļ壬˵ҲֻССˡ
˼˵Ǹ̫ӵˣ
Ѿ𡣡
ܺãǴڿʼǳǣΪ裬㣬ѦѬԱ֤˭ҸߵһĻǳ˹ͨ˵ЩһҪЩ˸塣
ѦѬŵĻýſڵһ˲ɵЦ˵ѦС㣬һ嶼ûеˣǲǲýݻأ
Ԫ죬˵Ԫ졣
㡣Ԫ죬̫ӵˣȻ뿪̫ӵҲûΪѹ㣬ѵҲһ̫ӵΪвɣ
ҸղžѾӦӷ磬и̫һҰǰԾաڿΪ̫Ķ̫ӵɣи̫һʵˣȻˣҲŵ˵ĻڿʼΪ̫ӵһԱӷλ̫ӣԸ̫ӵ
ã֣ټһϳ壬Ϊǳǣκһ̷ǣҵҪûûȵ£νĶ̫ӵʲôҶ
ѦѬɱǹͨҪݶˣֱӶѽȻѽ


2005 ﻮ
¹ѧԺĵһ֮ýˣһò˵ӷָ䶯ȫУȫǵѽǧĿͫҽˣҪ̫ӵ̫һ̫ӵλ֮УѦѬȥӷǵ̫ӵȴӷһھܾ˵ʹѦѬŭҪȫǷɱӷ磬óӷǳ޷ȥ
˵ʮСʱûӷ֣ѾȫǣڶûӷĻҲֻ˵Ǹˡ
ˣżҶǳǵΣҶǳǵĲѦҶǳǵľҲνǿѽҲûκ˸ȥǣǵ³·һ
ǳһӷ磬ڶ̶һ첻ʱڣͽѦȫˣҪΪУ˵ʶʵͬʱܶҲڵſ֣ӷ罫ô³
Ȼ¼УΪЦĻǹżңΪӷˣгͬǳǣΪв½һԱģǹԵͷͬӷ¹ѧԺģϼһǹżҵ֮ˣȴңӷǸ˽
Ŀǰλãҷ滹ԹżҷΪɹżҵĵһгڶأ»֪ǳǸԼżɡڹΪ¹ѧԺԺԵͷͬӷ¹ѧԺģټϳ֮ǰļıλĴѧԺ֮׵ԺҲ
Ѧҷ棬ӷ粢ûжѦѬôһ˵ҲֻѦѬҪȫǷɱӷ磬ûǣѦҵĵزӷյǳǣδɵʱͬһ
뿪¹ѧԺΪԪѾӦӷһϵˣȻҪۼһ𣬺ȵСʲôġϳ˼ȻҲһ𣬵˼ͬɲӦҪӷΪ裬Ҳ¸ӷһ𣬾ѦѬżҸҪӷ磬ҪЩӷһˣҲȥ˼ѽ
صѫʱոѾվڱȺ֮ˣӣǲˬ˼ίƵģ裬ǳǵģڣһ֮͡
ӣȻѾǳǣҪǳԺŻ뿪;ܷʲô£ߵġο˳ӷ磬һҪӳӷｫɽЩû
գΪʲôڱȣӷʵ
Ҳڱʲôѽǣľ񣬶ͬס棬֮£¹ѧԺֻ뿪ˡ
ʲô
ϳ˵˭ôӣȻҸǳߣȥȥ
ҿ˰ɡ
ӻ˼ҶѾ˵ˣӷ¹ѧԺˣݲˡǸҲΣҪⰲһסģҸͬʱܾˡ
ӷˣѦѬжѾʼˣҪȫǷɱԼиԼһˣǵһҪģԼסĵطľС
ãֶܲοϳֵܶðɣѦСȴˡ
ѦС㣿ֵܣ˵ѦС㣬ǲǳѦҵˣʵ
û
ѹˡ֪鱨ѦǳǾͷѦҵ˵ˣǳǣǵ֮
ԪЦֹǵѦңѧԺҵˡżҵˣ£ͳΪʸ֮ˡ
տԪ죬˵СӣСѽʲôˣ
֮ѡǶ½֮½֮׹ѽ
˵ڻʲôҿɸǣԺ֮ǰǲߵġҪҸطסУ˵Ժɻһʱ䣬ʱڣǲסְɡ
ϳ˵õģȫҼȥסȻС㣬⼸˻סµء
Ц˰ɡǳ֮ǰѾ˰Ҹˡ
ʲôӲүģҵļҶҷ⣬ѦѬǲǻĲͷˡ
˼˵ȻѾ˺ݻȻŹġҼӦòҷ⣬ȥҼסĻһ˹鷳ģǿסˣҲסȡ
Ǹô죿ܾܲһŮ˸ѹɡ
ϳ˵ڴѡ񣬵һֱȥѦѬ趼ʶڶߣҴȥһãȴǳHIĵطס
ȥѦѬǲֱѦʵϳҲҡ
ȥ˵ĵطɣȥѦңȥٵ١Ԫ˵
ǺãҾ͸߰ɡ⣬ȻǶһǾԵ֡в½ˣж½ˣҲб½ˣҲĻϳúúһپƣѺ󣬸̫ӵúøϼܡ
ӷ˵ȾС¡ѦѬѾˣǲԴУҪӦİ취Ͼǵĵ˶ƴƾ⼸ˣͶǡ
ֵܣ˵Ǹô죿
֮ǰ˵ʱѧԺĹϵܺã֪õһôĵز
ҿɲǴġΪ˶Ը̫һЩһϳ踺ء첻ȥѧԺȴڷչѧԺϵʱѧԺǱߣһѽθǽֵܣֻҪһ仰Ը̫ӵһֵģȫ
˼ʵ˵ˣǺƼҵĺȻ
û
ʲôʱȻˣȻǸݵĹϵܺ˵˻ڷչ顣
˼㣬֪ˡ㣬ȻݵĹϵǴʲôʱʼģ
Ǵǰɡ
ǾˣҸȻһǰݵġ
˼˵
ûҼȻԼˣҲͲˡʵͿ˺ȻȻмһˡ֪º󣬾Ȼȥݣҵĺܶ飬ݶߺȻ˺ȻǾ͵ڸҡҵڲϢʱҪԸǣ׶ˡ
ϳȻδѣеѽ
ɺȻǸˣеǽͷݣѵͲ¡
ëߣ˵ˣǵĽݣǽϵϵģûеȻֲɵӣôܸ˽ݡңȻаѱģҳңҾ͸ұ֤ϻᱻϳƼҡ
ӷʵƼңǲǳν֮һ
ûʱѧԺĽߡ
ǺãھȥǸȻҪȿǸˣǸɲãֿɲá
ϣڿʼӷͿʼﻮպˣǳǣǳӷںĴ½ռĵһվ


2006 ʱѧԺȻ
ǳӴޱȣҲǷģһΪһǽҵȻΪΪΣҵڵڶǾĵطΪľȫڽ
ڽһ䱻Ĺڣۼ˺ܶˣЩеű¶ŮɣеåҲеĺŹӵܣЩ˾ۼһһ͵ᡣ
ȫǲͬ͵ľˮҲȫŮǶǷţûʲôϡģʱѧԺѧҲʱѧԺѧ֮ۼĵط
֮ϣʵƹ֮£һһŮŮصм䣬ȫˣȫΧתؾͺñһ׳أȫûõ֮£һǸԽ׳ذ벽ġ
ǳ֣ڳֵͬʱ̫˵ƶȣˣһҪʱѧԺѧҲκˣåƦӣɱ˷ŻȴûбץסﷸͱҪĹأ˭£·һ
Ȼ٣Ȼ١
һӳֱܽӾͳ嵽صΧŮȵš
ⱻ֮ΪȻٵ꣬ʱѧԺĵһѧкȻͬʱҲǳǺƼҵļ̳ˣ
ƼǳȲ˹żңҲȲûϺŵѦҸңϾʱѧԺǺƼҵģǳҲһȨƣȻĸףҲְ
ƽȻӲڼ˵仰ҪСģһײˬǾһȭߣȻȻĸ׼ˣȥܣΪƼһӣȫǳ嶯֮ǺȻүүǿǾϽѾˣǻ𱬵Ӳꡣ
ģûүСӹʲô
Ȼ٣棬åˣ
һå֣Ȼ֪ϳСӣǳҲһåǴС˲֪˲ѽ
ģãүˣľԼˡȥ쵰үүôŪ
źȻĿҲǸå͵ļһѹϣåѽ
һĹ򣬾ͼ߽˼ˣͷģϳå
Ȼһϳ壬ʹһ󺰵ȫүͣ
ʱ֮䣬ϳڵֹͣˣȫȻóһ·ȻŮԱһŮˤڵϺ󣬺ȻһֱӾһųϳ
ϵģ
˹ϳ壬ӷ缸ԱһáֻҪеӵģܲµϳģǶǽҪ֮ˣʱѧԺĺȻ
ϳһҲ֪Ȼ췢ʲô񾭣ԼһͶ֣Ѿǲӱˡ
үģҳǰɣ
ϳܹȻһţȴûл֣飬ϳú
ϳ壬ģѻ˵Ӹûꡣ
үģ˵ͷѽû·ʲô񾭣
ݣһ鷳ӣľʧ١˵ʲôʱǸͷ
ϳһ¾ˣȻ˵飬ɡ
ݵ⣬ϳģڣǸҴС㣬źȻȻֻӣܵ˱һŮţڲͬŮ˵ĴϣҲ뱻һŮ˸ѽ
ӽǸµѾļͶ֣Ӳܣ㣬ȥ
ȻһͱˣЦϳֵܣǸֵܡղǸ粻ãǸһʱ嶯Ҫôֵ˵һհ졣
ϳҲ˵ˣ˵ûһǧǮ
ѽҪһǧʲô
ٷϻ
ȻóǮͳһźɫƱӣϳ壬ϳֱӽǮ˵͵˰
ȻʱһŭĿӣ
ôˣү˭㶯ֵġ
㡭
˵ϻ˸ֵܽʶߣ̸
Ȼǲˬ޿κΣϳԼһ̯ӣڻϳʰȻûǱ°ƽݡ
˼֣Ȼϳ弸ˣ˷ϳ棬һ͵İ칫ңдϴּ䣬гԵҲкȵģӦǺȻƽղؼҵʱסĵط
ʲô磬Ȼ˼㶼ˡϳ壬Сѽ
Ǳң͵ġ˼˵
ˣ̫ˡ˼ݹ٣޶ˣʲôѽ
Ԫһ仰˵֪Ȼϳһ·ɫå
˵ϻȸλλǶ½գλǱ½裬Ӧöɡ
ѽմ磬Ů׹ĴѽС̫ܽˣ½ĴﶼССܿҪȼˡ
ոȻмһ⿴һԸ񣬾ͲǸö˵ϳ岻ǸȻϳ廹Ƕ˭˭ᡣ
ȻӷʱǱɫϾͷ˷츲صת䣬ľ
ո˿ȴ˼˼˵̫Сˣһϳ廹磬ȻܳΪʱѧԺĵһѧȻҲǳһеһ
ȷ˵ʱѧԺǺƼ潨ģƼҵܳΪһǿΪ磬㱾ûʵĻıӴҲǷǽġȻȻܳΪʱѧԺһѧȻʱ
ϳҪܳӷ磬ȴȻһָֹסˣ˵λͲåˡϹˣս̫ӵѦѬ㣬Ӧþǳӷɣ


2007 ɱ
ȻȻѾµǳӷ磬ϳҲûҪʲôܶһˡ
ӷǵ˵ͷ˵Ҿǳӷ硣
û뵽ˣôͼˡ
Ȼ֪ϳһӷԼģֻû뵽ô졣ҲǽѦѬĹϵɣ³ӷ粻òʱԼ
Ȼ֪˭ǾͲҶ˵Ŀ˰ɣ
ãȻáʵ첻ңҲȥġв½Ҹ̫һŸɵģŸɵģֽͳֵһˡ
ϳ˵Ȼ˵Щûõġ̫һûأѦѬͶ³˷ɱڿһסĵطûˣڳȥԵĶ˸ǡ
ð졣ֵܣ㿴طô㲻Ļסǵ¹ѽרṩЩ˳ԺֵĵطѦѬҲġ
Ȼүʲô˼סֵطҲÿٳɡ
ϳ壬ɲҿ٣ҸõطסĻǹѫģҶһҹ֮㽨ҪѽסЩһ۾ҵĵĵطѦѬŹҹƣǸһסȥѦѬ˾Ѿˣ
ӷ˵Ȼֵ˵ûڵȷסЩ̫ҫ۵ĵط¹ѧԺ⣬κһǶҪֵСġϾ٣ֲ˴һһһãŪȺսǳԿġ
ǳֵѽȻֵܲԣǾˡȫסеһжšҿԱ֤ѦѬһҲǡ
Ȼأͻأ洫һĴ漴ȺĽкѾЩ֡
ʲô£
ȻȻŭɴû˸ĵѽϽ컹Ŀڳȴ˴򶷣ĸĻ쵰оɡ
һ꼱ææ˽˵Ȼ٣ˣ˺öˣ
ģǲѲֵЩһԱû¸ɣ鷳
βѲֵģǣ¹ѧԺˡ
˵ʲôĻ쵰Ȼˡ
ϳһץס꣬ʵͷ˭
سٵĻͷ¹ѧԺ̫ѦѬ⻹йżҵĹͨŲҵ
Ҳ˵ɣӷǰŸսЩ쵰ž͸˹ҳӷ籨
ϳŭȻ˵ţѽ˵طѦѬҲ˶Ѿˣ˵ôɣ
ô죡Ҳ֪ôҵģѦѬǸˣ湻ͨģطҵĵôˣȥƴˡ
嶯嶯ֻỵ¡ӷԽͨʵ˶ˣ
ܶ࣬¹ѧԺ̫ӵȫԱйżҸҵˣ⣬һһٶšҹӦû˺ܶˣذļһӦٺˡ
ȻôˣӣѦѬǽҪɱӷѽ
Ԫ˵ôˣӦû˹żҸҵǿߡ̫һûأĻ̫ӵûκаմĹֵܣںҪ˶ֵܸ࣬ˡ
ޣ˵Щ˭֪ѽڿûʱϻ취
˼˵ҿɣҳȥסǣϴӺˡѦѬҲΪҵġ
С㣬ʵڰ̫ˡѦѬǼȻҵǾһ֪һġ֪Ҵң˵ûڳȥֹҲԲӵġ
Ǹô죿
֮ƣֻȱܿǵĴ˵ƸˡЩҲɵϣϳֵܽɢϢ飬Ҳһɻ䣬컯֮²Ҷǣֻҹ˾ʱֻ֡ҪǱܿǵĴһСӵ˶ǾͲˡ
ЦİɡڿɸڣҪӵǷɡ
ԣҵսڳڲطȫǵÿһطǵˣֻҪǱǵ˷֣ǵĴͻ̸ϵ
ɲǵ磬ǳǣҪתȦҲգۼ飬ڳ׸ѦѬĴ棬Գӷ̳ǣڳ⣬в½֮ʮżңʮңټʮѦңҪҳӷǼˣҲǲ̫ܵģͬڴѡ
˵ֵܵİ취УҪȥҲҪסǵĲҿɣҲв½ˣ¹ѧԺģȥ赲һᣬǳʱٶȳȥ
˵ӷ磬ҿɲ㣬ȻڴһҾ͸һ飬ȥһʱɡ
ӷͷȭǾͶлλˡСҲɣһ𲻰ȫλֵܣھͳȥ˳֮󣬴Ҿ͸Ա£Ǵɱһɱ١
ãĸϳȥɱ춨Ҫɱʹ졣
ϳڣѦѬվϣ˵ģϸҹһҿɲΡ
һ仰ˣȫϳȥ
ѦѬĿǳӷǼɲɵɱ޹ֻԼ鷳
ˣѣѳӷǼҳɱۡ
ǣ̫
̫ӵĳԱ̿ʼжϣҪӷ磬ϳ壬ԪϾɱ
˴Ӻ˳ͨǰʵӷأ
ҰɣСӣ֪֪ڸ˭˵
ѦѬǰ˵һǶ½ǰɣ
Ȼ֪˭Ǹ˵Сһ㡣ҿɲʲô̫˭ҵŮǲˣûĺùӳԡ
ǰ벻ҪᣬֻҳӷǼġ
ҳֵǣԣ˵
ǰ½ˣڵв½£˵ͲӦùܡȻҳһǰǸӣӣʮգҲ
ãѦҵŮ˹֡Ǿȹذɡ
̫ҵˣǴӺˡ
ѦѬһЦ˵ȻѾҵˣǾûҪ˷ʱ䡣׷˭ɱ˳ӷ磬ϳ壬Ԫ죬ұ֤֮ĵҩ
ѦѬǰһҪֹȴոסˡ
ѾͷûҪˣֻҪֵ뿪ϳЩˣץˡ
ѦѬո裬ҷֳ·һ·׷һ·ҵ׷һ·ҽķȫסӷӳȥ
ѦѬ治ǵ֮ѽӷҪѾ㵽ˣ˽ķĳȫס
ȥʲôãٶȱȳӷǿĻǳӷͲܻڣϣûϹ֮ǰȱ˸ˣ


2008 ҹĻµĻɱ
⻹治֪ǺȻùǳӷ絹ùһ棬̫ӵѾɱˣºȻòӷ缸һȳȥ̫ӵ
ѦѬһΪŮˣһʱѾ²⵽ӷǼϸ͵вԼ̫ӵйҵԼͻĻǾӷǿҲ˽ϣǿ˽ϣϳǼҲδرסԣӷΨһѡ񣬾ǱܿԼĴ˶ս˲лʰϡ
ôǳڣѦѬߣӷǼڳڰһͨģֻȳȥ
Ҫڳϳӷ缸ˣֱǴ룬ǳӷĴ֮ҲѦѬһʱ뵽֮ǰֳɵ·ڳת˼Ȧûҵӷ缸˵Ӱȥɱӷ缸ˡ
ҹĻ֮£µգӷһ˳ϱȥһ·Ͼƽԭӷ֪Լѡ·һ޼ʵƽԭϣױ˷֣Ҫı䷢Ѿˡ
Ӱٶ׷ӷʩչٶǿ֪ġǣӷܲܽϳ²ܣܸӷվͬһϣպͽΪӷĴ½ұۣǳӷһԣΣ¸̫ӵӷҲܶϳǲܡ
ӷ磬ܣ
棬ѦѬѾ˹ѦѬУӷо˺üޱǿϢЩϢԲ̫ӵɢģ޼ɣιżҸңǳ˸ǿߣӷɱǲݵġ
⣡
Ȼһֹͣ·Уڿһɽۣ֮ǰһ
漴ӷҲȫֹͣΪǰԶһѾ·סˡ
ǰȥ·׷һ£ν˵˵
ѦѬ˵ѽȻ׼ǵȥ·ǰ˽ǰס޷ǰ
ֵܣڸô죿
ô죿ҸԪԸģϳֵܣȻֵܶԸǰϹӡûɡ
û⡣ɱһذɡ
ϳ֣ʱҫ۵⣬ΧƽԭϵĹ𣬳ϳ־ۼ
ӷۿϳ־Ȼһ֧ڹܣڹΪɫڹϻһߣͷڹܵ׼ΧĹ㾡ͷնȥ
ϳСΧԪһȻһԪߣ仯ĽڹܣӦþںϵķڹڣһֱӳ˳һͳȥ
ȻϳѾˣҲţûиϳһԶĹȻһֻȫʱž޴ı仯ϰ·ͻȻֵǿ飬ҲıԭҪһ룬һļϣͬʱű仯Ϊһʯͷʯͷȫ
գۼ䣬ȻѾһʯͷˣʯͷ֮˫ΪֱӳǱ˹ȥ˫ֳȭһȭǵмλá
ȻǸԪߣںϵķһʯͷµģܽһʯͷˡ
ϳȻһԶ룬һۼĹӰȻһ˸߿УϳȻһ¾ͻʮʮڶûչֻǾڸ߿֮ϣϳȻˡ
ϳɲֻԸЩСɫ󺰵ȻЩ쵰ˣϹӦ
䣬ϳڹѾ˸߿еڹۼԪҲڶʱӱʹϳڹܱһ
Ϲӣɡڣ硣
ϳڹڣһߣصƣֱһܿϳĻߣܿ죬ϳڹܷǸٵ㣬ʲôλãȫ˹ȥ
һǰһ˫ۣ۽һգϳȫǰը˿
ڲ磬ûһ´ٶȺǳĿ졣ڣϳδҲʱ䣬ϳ彫ͬʱ˿ȴһҲǰһ˫ҲѾʧ˫֣ƶ˫յ˫ǰ˫ǰһۣһϳʯܣ
ֻüĴһɫĹâǵɫâһССĶƣڶϻһŮˣͬϣеŮɯûͷĶߣȴֻΪߡ
üĴĶһ֣ǽյ˫Ҳĳϸ죬Ȼ˫Ҫˣһ˫һһ嶼Ϊʯͷ㣬ϳǺġ
ȻȻ̧ͷΪʯͷ˵ɲںʯܣνһｵһȻϳ壬λá
ϳȻͷһط꣬Ѿ˺Ȼڵλãڹܶ׼ȻԸЩˣһڽһڵĺը
ȻҲѾϳλã˫۸һʱ֮ȴѾ˺Ȼ
ʯ
ৡ
ҹ⣬˫ȫ˺Ȼϡ
ȻЦϹӣ˵ûʶѵһ㳢Զûôʯ֮ѵܲɡ
ֵˣʯΪǿķںϵģȻʯ壬պþĿǣ޷ԷʯǽͽٶԷǿƵĽ
ʯ㣬Ҳܴ㡣
˫ûб𣬵ҹֵһɲǳΧţܶԼ˸ʯˡ
Сôӡɣʶһӵ޵֮
Ȼȫɢ˿˿⣬վԭأͣԼ壬ȴ޷Լ˿˺
޵֮ҲͿĽ֧ţʱ޵ģҿ㶥˶á
ôסˣӾͻ֡Ϲӣһȭ
˫ǰһͬʱȻһȭؿڣ˵˫ָȻһȭ̫󣬽࣡
ѦѬǱѾĲɿˣˣû뵽ȻϳȻ˵زϰ˶޷£ƼҷȻںϵķҲһ㣬ӦΪԺ׼ģȻѾʹ˳ϳڹܣҲǰûеģһĸҪû𣬾Ȼ㵽ķӣϳҲǸСӵ
ɲôѦѬͷĿǳӷ磬ֻҪӷɱΪ
ȫɱӷ磬ȥԪ졣
ѦѬߵҲѾˣԪȴһʱӷǰһ˵ֵܣȻ춼ѾˣǾֱӽѦѬɱЩһｻӦĿ꣬ǰ״̫ѦѬ
Ԫ컰䣬Ѿ˳Ԫ˫֣̱Ϊһ˫צӣֻৼȫʬһҽеĻᶼľУ


2009 һȭ
Ԫһֻ־Ȼצܿ죬ȫƤʼɺɫ˺ܶɫë˾͸Ȼһʱһ룬ʹٽеˣȫצ˺Ƭ
ӷȻ󾪣һһϳڹܣһʯͷˣһˣߣɶΪں˷ĹϵԪ˸ЩҪǿǰһԲıǣһʱе£ʱ仯ΪԲ¡
ѦѬˣҪȥԪ죬ν֮ǴӺζǿɲΪԪɱԼȫʮ˿ڣΪںϷõҰԣǵ൱µģȥԣ滻Ұ޵Ұԣɱˣɱ
ԲҲѾ˵Ҫȥˣȫɱӷ硣
ǣ̫
֪ܶԪĿ֮ڲκһȥԪģⲢԪͲɱˡ
ֵܣЩһһӦȥѦѬɱɱŭѦң˻᳷ˡ
ԪǱһܱһʱһʱ̬һû֪һô
ӷ˶ǳģϹкȻţĶ𲻵κãϳԪסɱôԼĿ꣬͵һˡ
ǲô㶯ֵģΪŮˣΪҲͬһʱ佫ǳȫˡɼȻƣǾͱˡɱ
ӷ磬ĿҲδ̫˰ɡ㵱ǹˣǵȽɫ˵ɱܻɱ˵ġ
Ǿҿкε͡
ӷһȭɲѦѬʲô̫ʲôѦҵļ̳ˣҪɱңҲɱĻǿԲԼˡ
ɱ
ӷԴһǵسѦѬϮȥΧеϢʹЩӷ̫ӵԱһ𿪡
޴ȭ޿ƥеʹѦѬһȵ֮ţȵ֮һͽԨ·һ
ѦѬҲǳصģһӣʮ˿շɢ˿γһ֩ѦѬλ֩λã󣬰˰֣ͷһֻ֩İֻţŵ⣬壬˿γɵ֩ϲͣĻζţȴҲû뿪֩ĵķֺ
ôһֻ֩룬ѹ˴ĳպ󽫶Ҳ޴в
ˣѾһŮˣһ͵Ķ֮࣬ʲô鶼ĳģʲôֶζõϵģŮˣ߱вԣӷƱҪɱŭѦңǳǾҲϧ
Ȼóӷ벻ǣѦѬɲ濴ȥǰܣ¹ѧԺ̫Ҳǰ׸ɵģڳӷһ֩ʱȻѦѬ˫̼䣬ӡʹǰķģЩˮ㣬ٵľۼһѦѬǰγһˮ
¡һѦѬˮȻӷֵͬʱѦѬˮҲơ
ȻǿѹܷϹˣ͵һûӷ磬ó汾ɣȻɡ
ѦѬ˿֩һգȻγһ⵰崦⵲Уֻ¶һͷǰ˰

⵰ת˰磬⵰һ𣬳ӷ繥
ӷСһ֣ѦѬľҲ۷壬ңɢӵ磬ǿޱȵ⣬⵰УͬӵһָԪڹ
ӷɲǼ䱻ѦѬסˣû뵽治Ǹƿ֮߱ϡ
ɵӷ绹ûȭͷ֮ϣһѪҺѪҺڳӷȭͷϿʼۣΪ˲壬ѪҺлŵǹ⣬ͷһƬС͵ӣʯУǹӴ
Ѫ棬ӷȭͷ۵ƬѧԺԪأѪһǿֶٸҲһȭ򷨵Ľ
ȥɡ
ӷɲ˷ʱ䣬˵ϳڲͣĻɱǳǷ棬вԴԴϸϹƲʮӣѦѬټͽȫϵֳǸʱ򣬾ͲǼˣᵽǧлйżҸҵǿڡ
ڳӷֳѪ⣬ӷڷųѪͬʱѪ˳ȭΪƣӷҪʲô֪
ѪԪϳƿȭȫһѦѬûлĻᡣ
ɳӷûע⣬ۼǿޱȵʱڸߵĸ߿֮ϣԲ֮ǰ֪ʱһӡ
ǰӿȥȾһγһλʳ˼̻΢ܽΧеĿռȫֹһѹͭһͷƮݵĳ޷΢΢Ʈ
һǿߣѾγһС͵ˣ⻹ûб˿γɵСǽһôƾ˷޷ȥԤ⡣
ӿųӷڳļƣǹ˫۲е񣬱鲻ɵе㶯ݣǿڸоӷ˵֮£гһϸµĳ嶯סˣΪȿӷʵٳ֡
ӵϣ˿ɱҲ˵ҪֶԸӷ磬Ҳɱӷ磬ԣӷĽɫֻҪսĶˣսĶ󣬶һҪɱģܶʱ򣬶һӡĸо
顭
ڴʱӷһȭѾ˳֪ӷһȭҪѦѬѦѬǿƣֵܵסӷ̬һȭ
ɰû˿ĶΪѾѦѬߣ֣߳ͬʱѦѬǰһǹżҵǿߣһҵǿߣѦѬֵסһȭ޷֤ȫˣѦѬǱסˡ
ѦС㣬ˡҵ
ͬʱ֣Գӷƿȭ˶еȫ˳ǰγһͼģЩͼĶʱһĶƣȴҪֵסӷѪԪؼӳѪƿȭҲҿԡ
ֻӷһȭǻǽڰ㣬Ķһһƣ߲òͬѦѬһˡƿȭǽͬʱɱ
߸һƿȭ;ʵҪըһε֮ǿʱ𲻵κεЧһȭǽǴ޵׵ĺ򣬺ˮѹͬʮɽѹǵϣǴ
漴ǿޱȵֱӽ߸ըķɻΧɢȥѦѬ˫۶ʼɵɵվ˿֩ϣ
ȥԼ۾һȭҲֲ̫˰ɣһȭȻɱ˹ҵǿߣ˵ɣһѣһȭԼϣĿɾԼˣ


2010 
̫ɱӷ硭
һɽۣ̫֮ӵȫûȥϳӷһȭ˹ҵǿߣǱҪһеѦѬѦѬܵκ˺ЩûһĹġ֪ѦѬ̫һŮˣͬʱѦҵļ̳ˣһѦҳ£ѦǱŭҷȽЩѦѬȫɱˡ
ǳŷɹ涨׶κɱֵģǷ˲ˡеﷸҪ֣ɱˣǺĴ½Ǻռĵһ磬һǿΪ磬ķɣǸ߶ģǿߣԵǿߣļ壬˭νķɷѽ˵ЩνķɣЩνǿ߸˶ģǸԼġ
̫ӵȫΧѦѬΧԼҲҪѦѬΧԼȫҶᱻ
̫ǵţϻسȥֻҪ˳ǣСǶġ
쵰
ѦѬһҽۼô׷ɱӷǼڷ׷ɱҪȫǳЦЦҵܡ
ѦѬǾⲻӻسȥģĿľΪɱӷ磬ܷܲӷ׷ɱɡ
Ȼ֣ҾͲܷȥͽЩ˵ʬ壬ڴ˰ɡ
ʲôƨǿߣʲôƨ壬һǲһ֮죬ˣȫҪ
ӷȻѷųҲûջصĵ˵Ҫ˽ͳͳɱ⣬Ǿһ
ϳѾۼ˳ӷΧÿһ˸ղҲɱ˲ˣ¹ѧԺеæˣһҹ֮νŰ࣬ͽڡ
ѦѬ֪Լڵ鷳ˣӷֶθԶԶԼ󣬾żҸҵǿߣһɱˣԼʵͲǳӷĶ֡
ͨŲϳԪĶţкȻţǼڸκá
λֵܣǾ֮ν¹ѧԺ̫ӵνĸ֣ͳͳɱҪκ飬Щ飬͵ڶԼ̡
ãһŹȫµ̫һҲ֪֪Ƕ̫ӵ
ϳ廰䣬ӷҪʱͻأһǿϢӸ߿ϯûȳӷ˷ӦϢȻһ磬ڳӷ˵Χͣתţþòɢ
ʲô£
ȻʣϳԪͬʱоһ־ĵԼƽ
ѦѬ̫ӵȫΧȥԣǿ߳ˣһǿߣһеǿߡ
ǳǣǿ߲ûУ෴ǳ࣬ϣѦѬûЩǿѽҲϣɱӷǼͲҪЩǿ֣̫߳ӵҼͨǿ߾ܸ㶨ˣû뵽Լû˾ȻˣѵǹңԼѦҷΪĺ׼ѦѬֻˣȻ嶼֪Լɱ˳ӷ磬ΣգΪʲôֹԼԼɱӷǼĸ߲㣬ôġ
ʵѦѬ̫ˣΪֵλǿߣͲΪѦѬģӲΪ˳ӷǼģ˵ǿߣǸպ·Ȼᵽڲų֣ڳӷ緢ƿȭǿ̣Ѿȥӷĵ׶ˡ
Ǽ죬Ȼͷ¡ѦѾͷ治֪˵أ
ǴϷģˣӷڣȫ̧ͷ˸߿գԲ֮ǰֻƮһɫӰղǰɫӰġ
ѦѬǰɫӰ˶Ե֮ǰĵģʱҲѾһɨգҲ˶Էе˼ԼǷӷһãڸպô˵ĳ֡
壬𣿡
ѦѬǳǺε̫һŮˣѦҵļ̳ˣǿ˵һһĽϣǰɫӰʱȻĳ֮Ϊ壬˼ԣǳΪѦѬĳ˵֮ˣʵѦҶûɫӰհ£ɲѦҵˣӲǹżҸҵˣȴѦѬأɼɫӰݸλǳǾص
ϳ࿴һۣ˵ﶼһڼٵ˵Ը˵Ծĳǿߣǲ״̬ġ
񽣣
񽣣ھĵʱи񽣣ȴǸˣڳӷȥ֮ǰѾǸˡǰֵ£Ǹѽ佣ǸĽ֪߳˶ٱ˵һϢγɵӷ磬δռëǮıˡ
ʱȻ˵ĳǿߣò˵ѦѬˣҲζţӷҪùˡ

ʱʧֵľ棬ʧҲ죬գ֮Ѿˣ·ʹδֹƵġ
ͬʱǰѾѦѬǰѦѬǱϹϾһ˵壬ʱ򡣰ɱĸСӡ
Եĺ䵭ûнѦѬĻϣֻ˵ڼԹŮȻܳɱˡ㸸ôģ
壬ʱ䲻ڳ֪﷢Ĵ¡Сӽгӷ磬ԭǶ½ˣżв½ģ¹ѧԺͷ˹ˣǧĿͫҪһʲô̫ӵԡǺǣΪеһӵģӣʾңǹżҸң̲ȥ
̾˿˵ÿһ˶вͬ·͸㣬Լʵ֮ǰ˵ٹܡѵǸСӻ̫ˣҵĻ߷𣿡
壬СѬСĽ̻壬аСʵ̫ˣɱûӣ̫ӵûѧԺȥˡ
¿ȥҲʮӣԣֻı棬˵ѦѬأʵƶˡ
ãպҷǣ԰ɱĸСӡ´ξûôˡСѬҪסˣ죬һѦĴڣ½ϣǸͲֵһᣬһ͵ɾܽǸв½ܴ֮񲻱Ĵ½̲ҲΪѦҵĹϵΪ¹ѧԺϻ㣬Ҫʱ̽ǡ
ǣ壬СѬסˡ
ţܺáȫˣĸС
һ̵ʽԳӷ磬ͬʱӷҲӰ¸ղŶѦѬĽ̵һ˼
в½Ʋûеǰǿ¹ѧԺĳϻᣬѾ⼸½̲ˡǳǵЩ壬ĸ½Ҳǲһģ˼һһɣܽһѦҸǺε֮ǿѽ֮в½ȥ¹ѧԺĳϻ᲻˵Ӧ½Сһˣ


2011 Ļʮ
Ҫ֣ѦѬɱӷˣһʵǿ൱ֲѽԸոɢϢǿ󵽳ӷȵزδռֺˣǾ͸˵ϳˣ
񽣻δ֣ϳѾڻˣȻٶȷǳӷоĵϳеľ־塣
ô˵ϳҲǳһеǿѽոһսҲ֪ɱ˶̫ӵĳԱҵˡŰ裬һϳȻʱ˿̶ǧ㣬ͬǵ壬ڷ
ӷе֣ǰ񽣵һôĽɫܽϳųҲóӷ粻òʵʲôˣ
Ԫش񽣣ѽΡ
ҪܣҲҪ˵񽣵Ŀֲ֮еĵѽΣѾ˵˵ǿˡ
Ҫ֪ǳǣΪǿ¹ѧԺĳϻᣬֻһĴڣЩνĳϼƽﶼֵģų¹ѧԺĳϻ⣬ΪǿҲǹżҵĹǳǵг¹ѧԺԺ֮ϣɻһв½ĴڣǾǳǵľȻ籣в½ΣǾеĸʵǿ֪ġ
ڣԪȻ˵ǰǳǾеĵѽΣζʲôλھʵҲڵġ
еĵǿߣǳǱϽǾȫǵĵǿߣϾ¹ѧԺϻǰĴǿֱųģΪǵȴ˿ȥµġ
ӷǿߣ˶Եе飬ǵӷ綼úǿˣҪֱּ϶ǿʣֽǿһôĵزһ϶Уһ϶ֹһ
Ȼ䣬ӷڲɽֵǸˣǸˣͬһģӷʱעʱ̽ӹС棬һ磬ǿļ֮̌ɱһСôǰ񽣣ֽӵмһأ
ӷڲðյѪԪȥ̽Ӱ񽣵С棬Ͼ˼ҶԼѾɱģҲ˷֮ģǿз֮£ӷڵѪԪظڣɽǸһԼû˿Ĺ˼Ǿˡ
ѾһƽӷˣϳȫˣΨӷһûжһ£ʱҪֵİ񽣡
ѦѬЦӷ磬ĸˡҰ彣£δڡ
ѦѬҲѾ˵Ȼ˰񽣳֣ͲҶ
񽣣ǾͿѽжӲ
񽣱ĹͭѾ˵ĽδϣĽΧˣϳڣȫڽңк̫ܶӵĳԱѪ޷ֵס񽣵Ľ
ӷǿ񽣵Ľѹ񽣶ееԾɵĲͷһı˵Сӣв½ûܽҵĽסҲǺˡұɱ㣬ֻҪԷС棬ұ֤һ
ԷС棬񽣻˵ٹǿҪӷԷС棬ǸֱӽвôԷСʲô
ӷűѦѬۺĵô۲֣ҲǾɱԼģҲ
ðܽɱˣһԿһ顣
ӷһָѦѬ
СӣͷôʱҡȻҸ㲻Ҫݹҽˡ
ϳ˵ǰ˳ǿߣԸЩСȻýѵͲ±Ц𣿡
ѽһǿߣԸӷ֮ýǺе˵ȥɡ
Сһ֮ǸղһȭҲɱҵǿߣСѬ󶯸ɸ׷ҸղѾʶˣȻֻϵΪȴԸ۷ңҶ޷Ԫ˵㻹أĻȡǾԵ̫Сˡ
˵ĺãţȻɣЩ˻ҳԵģȻˣҲʶһ¾еǿߵǿһôľ硣
ֵܣͿѽʱ򻹲ܣ𡣡
ѽֵܣ񽣿ĳǿߣһɱϰ½ǿߣ۾գһ£ǲġ
ֵܣɽڣûաһֻҪӳȥպлġ
ӷЦǾãһܣֱԹҸԹʱһˡ
ǿɲֵֶˡȻѾһսҲˡ
ãǾͲϻ˵һá
ϳֱӽȫۼ˳ӷ
ӷҲԼ˵һ𣬳ӷʱڵаѪѪԪأͬʱ
ôԸһˣҲ㹻˰ɡ
񽣼ӷǿֹ죬ǰδģ˵ʵеľ
СѬȣ˺
˺
ѦѬ֪ôԶľ룬ǿǰҪֱӷһˡҲʣȫٺ˰֮⡣
ٴ𣬿ΣӷȴѾѹסˣΪıѾʣȽΧеƽԭмС͵ɽ壬ȫ
ǿѾ̼γӣұűѪһƴˡ
ҪűѪ뵱ʱԶɽűѪǶǸͬھģڳӷҪű治֪ʲôҲ˲κκˡ
ȫʣڰ񽣵ϷƽתȦɲû䵽С
ǿʶűָӷ磬˫ҲͬʱӡΧʱķģЩȫĽϾۼʹıɺ⡣
ֻҪӵסʮǱĸȥԺ󲻹ʲôҶܡ
񽣲ҪӷһʮڳӷԣҲһ̫֮ǿҲȥκһĵˡ뷨Ҳֻڳӷһ˶ѡ
Ȼ˵ĻʮʮΪһ壬ʮֿҲһͬ
ʮΪһ壬Ҳ˵ʮ͵һˣӷ绹Ǹ߿񽣣ǲӳӷ磬ĽѾһֶκ˵ˡ
ɲôȻ鶼ѾչˣҲԡ
ɡűѪ
ƣ
գ
ȭ
ӷֳڣʱѪɣȻ񽣵ɺѾڰ֮ѦѬˣҲҵԾû뵽ӷȻǿܸ񽣵ĺˡ
ôѦѬǿһ֣ӷĸǱɵġ
Ļʮơ
ӷһȭҲѾչ˽
Ѫȭͷڷ󣬾ȻΪ˾ŸͬķͬʱҲɵģĽ⣬ȻΪʮӷ磬ȳӷĸóӷޱȵĳԾҲ²ĶԹԼƿȭ޴а񽣣ɱԼᵹùġ


2012 Ĺ
񽣵ʮŵǹ⣬ҹе㷱׹䣬ȫۼĽΧ
ÿһ֮ӣ绮һƬգ͸գһ紩Խޱǿɱһĵϣ˽Ľۣ
Ƚǳӷǰδǿ󣬲ǰһˣδй˵Ľ
ԽΪԽΪԽΪ塣񽣵Ľ޾磬Ѿߺһĵزأƿа㣬һΪʮʮִʮ򹥻ӷ磬ɱ죬ǵأ
¡
ӷһȭͷѾ񽣵һ񽣵ĽֱӹᴩӷȭͷóӷޱȵľȣһҲ̫̬˰ɣȻԼƿȭԼűѪѪԪأȻֵסһȥӷֻܵˡ
ڣӷһȭǷΪ˾ŷģΪԾ·Ĺư񽣵ĻʮֽеһǺѽ񽣸ˡ
֮£ӷֻ˫ȭһϣ󺰵ȭϡɱ
·ȭͷʱٽһγһ޴ѪȭͷѪȭͷ֮ϣѪԪء
Ѫȭͷǰǿϰڿǿ̸֮䣬ѪȭͷѾ񽣵һˣ
֪СӣΪССһȭܡ
񽣻δأôҲ벻鷢ˡ
ӷѪȭͷϰ񽣵һʱôǿƣ糱ˮڴ󺣣ȻӷѪȭͷյˣҲʹĳӷѪȭͷʱǿһ԰ɵвҲһ
ԶѦѬ˿ŰһĻͨʧ룬ۼӷһȭȻ񽣵Ļʮһ£Ͳܻᷢģ֪񽣵ǿǿı̬ѽԼżҵλҲδֵܵĹ񽣵ȫһӷ磬ȻԽ񽣵Ļʮȥһ⻹𣬲òñ̬еı̬ݡ
ʲôɣ
֪ͨԼΪʲô˵仰ģֲò˵
ЩʲôأҰôܻСӡСӵô죬ҲǰĶ֡
ѽǿˣ˵ӷ֣Ҳܻǰ񽣵Ķ֣ǣѪƿȭѪԪأҲǳصģռ䣬ǿܵеĴڣ㵽ռ䣬Щۿĳǿ߳ӷӦ⣬ˣӷ绹аյġ
Ȼսϣսܴȫ֣ȫ֣սľ໥ϣǲȡʤ
ɣһСս֣ӷȭһԼһѪȭͷֱԼԼʮȡӷѪȭͷ˵Լ廹治һܵס
û뵽ȥͲСӣȻӵǿԼȴڣȫһȭľսģսĻǽܾˣͬھճ
ֲɵӣܵ鷢ѧ˳ӷһУʣµʮһʹǰѪȭͷ֮ǰһѾ޴񽣣
ͬһ޴ɽأɣƲɵ
ãһｫĻһˣֵܣûаһ
ϳ󺰵ʵ񽣱Ѿĸסӣ̫ˡ
ǿѹ֮£ӷ绹ԣѾǷǳѵõˣҪư񽣵ĻһӷƿȭѾűѪƿȭϣѪԪصҲƿȭϣʱ򣬳ӷʲôȫǲô򣬾ƿȭư񽣵ĻһһʼɢγɵҲܽԼ˸ѹǡ
ӷ綼Ѿȫˣôһ㶯ûУ쵰ƨҲûţ֤ǲᣬ˵ҳڳӷġϾʵҪӷ磬ǱǲôһǱУĻһᱻǿ߷֣ʱܰܰ񽣣ǿߵӷĨɱҡУһеһУǰ׷ѡ
εĳӷҲֻǸӲˣŴΧڳӷѪȭͷҲѾ񽣵Ļһһ
ȫ뿪ҵľŴ֮⣬ɡ
žŴıǿһӵģһ뿪ŴķΧӷԼס
ϳ˲֪ʲôŴȴо˳ӷŰһĳӷܽÿһҲҪȫӷʹãΧȴʹϳ޿κΡ
ƴˡ
ӷ˫ȻһӣŴΧתȻ뽫ŴҲϽӣӷ컹Լ޷Ķ֡

򣬼Ӵһ
ڳӷ˫УһϺɫĻУҲһͷǳӷҪӴѪҽȫѪȭͷ˹ȥ
ѪӤڲѣʱ
ڳӷڣѪӤҲѾѣӷӴһ
ӷ罫еȫѪȭͷϣҪһȭ˰񽣵Ļһͬʱ߰񽣡
ɵһʱȴǳӷ񽣶벻ģγһ¡һ죬Բ֮ڣͬԭӵը㣬ȫը·ƽԭΧС͵ɽ壬ʱΪƽأҲǳһȿռ䣬еһУȫΪС
ԶѦѬˣȥЩ˲Ӯ̫ӵԱըĿռɣʬ޴档
ҲʱǱΪƽصƽԭϣȻһĻԭʼ֮УһһĹϽЩϽΧǰ׹ǣ׹ǵΧŸֲͬķ
ԹϽһϵγһһ𣬲ҴǱΪƽصƽԭ֮£
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ʱ˿̣ǳӷ绹ǰ񽣣ȫȥѦѬҲǲ˼ĿԶֵǸգ֮䣬ʵһƾճ˱ΪƽصƽԭУ
ΪӷģҲ³ӷ˫û̫ܵ˺ں˵ͬʱ˫ۣҲǳĿƽԭͻȻֵ
ô£ʲôΪʲôͻȻ
û֪Щʲô٣ӷ˲֪ԶѦѬҲ֪
ûȥӷ磬ûȥǣղŵһսδ㣬һ˫۾Ķֵ
ѵǡ˵еĺĹ


2013 Ŵͳ
һС͵ɽ㣬ɾӶɣÿһޱȵľ޴󣬸ߴףռݵҲŰƽǴӸ߿¿ĿĳһĹѽֱӻᵱһεضɽ塣
ԣĳ֣ΪӷĶΧĵβ΢Сı仯Ǵƽԭ֮¸ѣŻڴ˵ġ
ǣƬƽԭв½ĹϽǳҲǧҰˣ˵ǺԶÿǳǵѲֶ飬ΧѲţû룬ȴδƽԭΧʲôڣ¹ƽԭ֮£Ĵ½ĸ߿Ƽ˵Ҳ̽鵽ģǰδйϢǳǴ
ըѾɢȥѦѬҲѾߣȴûһ˵˵˫ۣȫȥǴӵͻȻðĹ
ϳǼҲò˼飬ƽԭµĹӾδţδѽڣڳӷ˵Ҳǵһμˣ뵱ʱھĵʱ򣬳ʹҲǴӵð
ڵص£Ҳ˷ֵģǾԲѰ֮οž޴Ĺ⽨ĺΰ;һĴڣϹΧЩ׹ǣ׹ΧЩÿһ˴һջУֻ뽫ЩռΪУ
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ӷû죬춫ȻϳȫǱˣǶٻ֪һЩɡ
Ȼʱеͣ˵ңǰڣǼһżϼֹ

ǣǵģûǴĻӦǣӦǡ
ԪֱӽӻӦǴ˵еĺĹ
Ĺ
ҲѧԺһ鼮ϼĹһ𣬶һǳ괦ڵؿģǾǺĹ
ϳ˵ڿЦôĹֻǸ˵ˣôĴڣ
˵ҲδضǼٵġںԣĹĴ˵ģҲѾǰ
ӷʵ˵ʲôǺĹ
Ԫ˵ĹǾǿߵķĹԻĳĹѾˡߴĹԺĳοʼڣҲֹֻ˴Σÿγֵĵطͬϴγֵʱǰֵĵطϲ½ĳ֣ҲζһѡȻĹÿγֶǿߵȴǿҪҪ֮ڣԼ涼ϧ
ʲô£һĹȻҪҪȥУʲôֵЩһ̽Ķ
Ȼ˵ںĹвûʲôϡ֮ûʲôǿҩ˫ԴҲû޵еķ
ȻʲôûУΪʲôЩνľǿߣǿߣǿ߻ҪҪȥأҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻʲôûеĻǳʲô䣬佫Щνǿ߸ȥģͲЩǿԸģ̫ͣ߼ˣ
ϳ˵ഫںĹУӵžÿһжһ񡣡
񣿾Ϊǵǿǰȥ
ûǿɲͨĵÿһڵĵ񣬶һλͳߡĹǰ˴εĳ֣ҲζŹڳ˰λʷϵͳߡĹֳˣҲ˵ھڣһȫµĵ񣬶ҲǺĴ½ֵͳߡ
ǵ˼˵ǰ˴εĳ֣ǿ߲Ҫĳȥ֪δͳ˭
û˵ںĹڳֵĵԼĵ˵ĻǼˣͽһдۣǵ֮ڻδɳ֮ǰĨɱȻĹˣ˭ǿһôľ磬н޳ģԣܹڵĵ˭û˻֪Ϊ֪ˣȫڹ֮УܶˣŶȥ㣬⿴Щ׹Ǿ֪ˡĹӵźĳĻĹ֮Ĺ֮ռΪǿۼɵģǾǿߣҪҲҪ˵ÿͨһĹ֮ԽǿˣڣھڲδĺͳߣҪھǲܵ¡
һһ˺ΰĽܻǺĳʼʱȻγɵ˵ţӷ綼Բŵġ˽ɵģɵʲôˣܽ˺ΰĹأÿĵǺδͳߣôǰѾ˰˴ΣҲ˵Ĵ½Ѿ˰λͳߣǰλͳİ˸֮⣬߸˭
ӷ֪˸ͳУôۣΪô۵ͲĴ½ռںĴ½ӵͳʱôۻõ۹ռΣ˵һ֧λӰĴڣһǹһطûһ̶ľۼ㣬ʱôۣҲһںĴ½ͳ֮ϣܳΪռһǿߡ
Ѿ˰λͳߵĵӹɵģϾǳֹ˴ˣÿһξһλͳߵĵڹСϴγֵʱǰʱ㣬ǰպǲʱȲ˵ǰĵʲôٳӷ֪Ҳ֪ڰеĵɾǲˡ
ھ˿Ѿų޾ĹââסǰȻչżأӦǵھѾγδͳߵĵˡǸϽ뿪ˣȫеǿ߾ͶۼǺǲ
ھѾγδͳߵĵˣҪ֪Բʧٺ󣬺Ĵ½ѾûͳˣĹʱ֣Ҳζţڽļ꣬ʮʮ֮ڣĴ½һλȫµͳߣô飬ĹǳǣȻǵһӵϢģҲϸϹ⼸½ƵǵĹٴʧˣԣģҲֻǳǵǿߡ


2014 ǿ죬ϳ
ǳǷ򣬵ƹ䣬ֱʣѾҹ
ѦѬǰ̫ӵʣµѾĹͷų·ˣȫȥΪʵǿΪסѦѬĻѦѬ͸̫ӵйżңЩһȥ
ԺĹͬδͳߵĴڣһԴ߸վסУδѾɢѹסˡ
ӷԾŴϱҲǿסϳˣΪ֮ǰ񽣵ĶԾӷҲ൱ģԳưռĳƿȭ԰ȴڶܳɼǵ֮ռ֮ѽ
Ĺĳ֣Ѿ˳ǿߣƲӣȫǵǿ߶ۼڴˡڻ˵ʱ
ȻɲûɱĹˣʵ̫Կ
ɳӷȴû˿˵Ĵٶ˵֮ĺͳ߼֣ѵǾͲ֪֮ͳʲô𣿡
˵ʵһͳߵĳ֣˶֪ģҲô֪޷˵Ĵ
Ҳ֪δͳ˭ѽڵǣǸͲܽ˹ӵеĻĹ̫֮ǿˣڵûгֵż໤͸̫ӵЩһһ׹ˡ
ǽȥû˽ȥǸ񽣵ղǶʶˣŲ֮󣬻бȰ񽣸ǿĴڵǺβЩ˴֮ǵĺ棬˵ܼء
ģÿһ˶УӷǿңϾǸͷô飬ԼˣںĹʧǰȥһ̽ĻƳӷԲ£˯ŵġ
ֵܣòɣǿɸûʲôֱ𡣡
һеЩǿ˵ңǿǰ񽣣ҲԱĻĹ֮ѹסˣӦǵȳǿ߹ǿߵĹ֮ѹȥ
ˣҪѹƻĹ֮ǳδͳߡ
ɲһǾ;ȿϷɣҾŴ壬ֻҪĻĹ֮ǿǾͲΣա
ʱǳǷѾ˹ǿƳӷ߾ۼ
һʮ׳ķɳٿն֣ڷɳϣվһӣһȻ֮ޱǿ
ôɣǹŻǣͨĸףǳǵĸг
ϳ忴ǳͷɳϵӣӵΧʱһС͵ĳ涴ֻɳӳ涴ڳ˳
ˡĿǰڳȻɹŻ졣
Ȼ䣬ּͷɳٿճ֣ɳϣվˣֱ¹ѧԺҶһǳӷûģһŮˣһԸǶ˲ŮˣǸŮ˻֮ϣΪķɳѾǱ߷ȥ
θҶҲˡǸŮˣҿôô죡
ǸŮ˭
ǣв½һǿߵĹŵӡ
ӷһǸŮ˾ǣҪҵŮˣ÷ҪԼʶŮˡ
ֻһɫ˿£ų֮ݣһͷںڵĳϣ·ֳǳ޳ΣʹòдϣдˣͿȥҲʮҡ

˵֮Χҹֳ˵ѺۣСķɳѺзɳȻ˵ʱѧԺ쵼ˡǺƼҵȻԴӣ趼ˡ
ʱѧԺƼҵԪ˵ǱѧԺлҵˮȫˣΨһڱչصĻ
޼ѧԺҵҲˡ
¡¡һԶּ˹ЩȥķǹͨǱߡ
û´ĻģӦǹżҸҵɣ
ûٿǱߣѦҵҲˡ

ʱ֮䣬ǿȫۼĹΧĿǰΪֹһ˸ȥģûһ˵ġ
ѲֵҲˡҲ˹
ɳУӷѾһЩرװÿһ˵ƶǿޱȡ
໡
˲ûоʹ˵룬ӷԾЩһ֮ʱֻڸ߿֮УһҲʱȻ̧ͷ
Ԫ˵
֮ǰЩˣһǿķɳ֮ˣľȻһֻ޴ޣֻȫðźɫһʮ־޴һֻˣ֮ܳˣǵ֮
ϼһ˭
ӷ֮ϣһ׷ԲԵͷϴĵΧܶˣһˣͷǾѽ
㶼ʶѧԺԺżҵĵڶң
ֵͨܵĶүүû뵽ϼһﻹ治һ㣬ɳޡ
һֻﲢΪǿģΪڹյãּƬҹձһƬɫȫͻȻֵˣϳȫʼÿһҲʱ򣬳յһȭǵȴڣѦҵһƬɫĹâֺȫǸ
ţֳ
ӷתȥһֻﻹҪӴһɫĴֳٷ
ͬʱֳҹУֳһƬȻɫϼ⣬ϳͷ˵ϼޡ
ȻɫϼǱߣһֻɫľ޴ޣһɫĴֳҪʮɼˣݻǵλ֮ϡ
Ԫ˵ǳϻĳϡȻλϣ¿кϷˡ
¹ѧԺϻᣬв½ǿĴڶӣĹĳ֣ʵǾв½ѽ
ٿϣǴǳǶģǴŸԵɼԭǳǣΪв½ĵطչ֮ģĹĳ֣ڱչĳ϶ˣ˵Ĵڣλǿ߰ҲõϢûг֣Ϲ
ֵܣˣסˡ϶ҪɱǵĻǿɱʸûѽ
ѽôǿߣһٸӷ磬ҲǱѽ
𼱣Щǿ߾ۼɲǼ۵СɫǵĿǺĹӦòǵġ
ȷǿ߾ۼ˭Ҳûȥܳӷĸˣȫϣλ˵ǰҲĹľ롣


2015 ɱ
¹ѧԺϻЩǣÿһٶǻʮĴڣǵΪȻǿ֪ġ
ƽЩνĳǲ¶ģҲκε¶棬ֻв½Ϊʱų֣ǶһεԺ䣬¹ѧԺҲһϣΪвѧԺѡΪѧΪŵӣͶɱǽȫµ˵Ժ飬ѾǽĴѧԺ֮ˣǹϵв½δ
ɽ죬¹ѧԺϻĳϾȻͬʱһв½ΣԺ䣬֪飬Ҳв½Σˡ
ǰͳͳʺãҲûĹĴڣЩϣĴ½ǿߣ޷ȥµģĿǸûκ
ӷ˵ڶûȥΪӷҲĹνδͳߵһôģʲôоǣĴ½Ĺȥ˲֮⣬λͳô
ʱ򣬷飬飬ѦѬûȥӷˣ
ÿһҲ֪Ĺʲôͬһλͳߵߣ˭ܹ֪ͳߵݣԼĵ˵Ļǻ˳Ϊͳ֮ǰ֮ύΪԼպǰ;»ҲĿڡ
ȻĹҲҳֵģ֮ǰֹ˴ΣÿֵĵطͳߵĳأɳأҲ˵죬Ĺв½ǼֵλͳߣҲӦþв½ˡ
Լĵ̣Լļ԰һλȫͳߣʵҲһǼֵø˵£Ϊλͳߵݱй¶ǾͽĨɱͳڵҲҪһд۱סλͳߵȫλͳ߳ɳ֮ǰضʹģѵģλͳ߳ɳ֮ڵҲϯ¡
¹ѧԺĳϼԦǵ˵ǰȫ·Ĺûȥע⣬Լǰλãгӷ˵Ĵڡ
ͬλϡ
Ϊ¹ѧԺԺȻǰݼϵݿɱڳκһ˶Ҫ߹κһ˵κһ仰ǶΪһʥּ
ͬٶ׷ԲԵߣǸͬǵİ׷ѾתΪһ֮ɫⷢɫ֪֮ܵǿӵһ磬Բֹ˵ʮ
Ƿÿһٶϵÿһ档
ǺĴ½ϵһޣһַǳޡ˵ÿʮŻһֻĿǰλãĻﶼҪˣȴܽһֻѾˣҪԵ
Ĺ춯صĴ£Ϊû֣
ڹûϸеǲΪǳǵгĵϳֺĹǸгȴӰ˭Ǹг̫ˡ
طϵĻҴΪһ㹫£˲в½ŻҪʱܻ
ȻΪ£ǱȲƽϡ˶ˣĹǾ֮߰ǧų֣ĳֽʲôŴҶܳв½˵в½һѣͬʱҲв½һԵⳡԵյĺãڲõĽв½ܳưĴ½෴ǽⳡԵһѵĻǲһ꣬в½ͽ½߽ˣʧ
˵ĺЩڳҲס
Ĺĳ֣磡źܿ죬Ĵ½ϹԣǱҪκһ˸յ֮ǰ뾡һа취֪δͳʲôݣĸ
ȻģȻô˸˹в½ǿ߾ۼȻҪ뾡һа취ġ⣬ôǸͷʹˡ
ҲӦ֪ĹǺĳʱѾڵģ㼯ռĻĹ֮Ҫ룬ǱضǾһġȻδ˵˽ܳģÿһλͳߣҲڳɾʹҵ֮Ҳܿ϶ģ죬ȻҶ˹֮أǾҪ취ȥ취ھĵ񣬻ҪϢ
˶٣ϵķ˵Ϊв½һӣԺյȨ󣬻ͨľ񣬶Ϊв½һԣÿһˣģҪ뿪ģͱֱ飬κ潫ˡ
ӣϽһҪˣԼȥҲ˽ȥһҪʲô˵Ϣȥ˭˻صĻ·һ
ĳַ˵ǿƣûգȻˣǶҪһ
ĹÿγֵʱʮСʱʮСʱ֮ڣе˵Ҳ˵ǲŽϢͬʱҲҪֵסκһĵˣǵκһ˽з֪δͳߵݣв½ͽ޴ΣⳡΣһսҪ¡
ѽδͳ֪߱ˣǾͽ뾡һа취һдۣɱҪɱһˣкܶ෽Ҫһˣͻѡ
ѾѻȫˣʮСʱֻʮСʱʱ䣬ڳȫҲ˿ĺˡ
Ȼ¹ѧԺĳϻ֮ûȫҲŰŵģ˶ˣǾ֪δͳߵݣʣʱ˭ȥѽһǿߣõİţ
ͬٳ˵ڣ֣ȽĹ֮γɵƳһӣӶƲĻᶼûС
˿̣˶ͬٳϵеȫһĹ֮γɵƳһӡ
Ĺ֮ǺռγɵģҲ˵һΪϵϾǸոճֻ֣ǵھͷųʱ̣ܶҲȫõʱˣСʱû˿Ƴһӡ
ʱ֮䣬˵ȫ˰ʱλõ·ǿޱȵ¡һ·ֱƳһӣͨӣĺĹ
ڿƳ֮󣬽Ҫģ˽ˡǣ˭أ
ζĳȥǹûҪ˽Χɢһ·ܰȫ֮ڣ֮ǾҪȫԼˡ


2016 
÷ϵһ˼ѾԣҲѾȷˣҪȥһ޷˵ģκԹԵģ˭а亦֮ĻǷϾͻҪ
Ĺĵط˵Ĵ½һأߣûл߳Ŀܣ˵Ϣˣһ룬Ǳ棬Ϣ͸¶
ֻҪ󣬲Ҫ󣬶źܶ˵Ѿ˸ֲͬ뷨ȴκһ˸˵ڡ
ҪȥҪʸ񣬿ɲ˶ʸģΪڽ֮ǰҪڹΧٳһ·ǻǿĻĹ֮ڿٳһ·Ȼͨ·
ÿһﶼѾ֪ʲôѡȥ·ˣң⿪·˻ЩǿߣΪЩǿ߿Ҫɽģܲǳǿȥ·Щǳǿ߽ɣĻ͸ûϣˡ
ϵ˫һת֮ǰ£ȥЩ̫ӵԱʵЩСӣʲôˣ
һʣһľ֮˱ѦѬѵԼ̫ӵȥԼЩ˵ȥٳһ·
񽣻ص¹ѧԺѧ
Ŷû뵽ڵ˻еʶȻ˵ءҲãʣıһȥˡ
Ȼϻ̫ӵĳԱȥ·ѽϼһĻ湻ġվڷϵϣ֮⣬ûķ
ŪѣȻͬٳϽһ̣Ϊв½顣
ѦѬһվ˳˵˼
һСȻҽԼ˼ɫһ¾ͱɫͻһŭʣΧĿռ䣬ȫһɢ
˴󵨡
ӷĸһÿһڵϢǴңϳûιȥ
ӷԾŴΧϳϵ΢һ£󣬳ӷ罫Ŵһգ˵ϼһǸ񽣻Ҫǿѽ
ǵȻ¹ѧԺϻĳϣǿǾ˫һվ졣ȻߵϷԼڵϢ˵
ŲţϾҪ鷳ˣ
ӷʵеˣ֪ӦЩ˻û֮ǰ˵ģںѾˡ
ϳҲ·Ÿӷͬĵģȴûһ˵Ȼװɡ
Ѧҷ棬һ߷ӦøǵȲ࣬ȴѦҵļӲѦѬĳϣֻѦҵһ˰ˣѦҵļҲѦѬүүĸףûг֣û֪Ϊʲô֣˵ѦѬүүǾһˣĸǾڶˣĹв½ӦõһʱϵŶԣҲӰѦҷֻ˼˰ˣ
Ǻˣ
Ͽĳվ˵ߣףǳӦÿǰʮ֮ڣĽɫ˵֮Ȼ˭Ȼǲʶġ
ϣѦҹܼңλѦҵĴС㣬ѦѬ
ŶԭѦҵˣѹ˴󵨣Ȼʱ˵
ûȥѦܼңǿԼǰҲǸѦҵļ̳˾ͲͬˣҪ̳ѦңͬʱΪˣ䲻Ҳö
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ϣղ˵ЩˣȫҵˣԻϿѦҵϣҪȥɡ
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үҲѦѬүүȻǾ֪ѦѬԼŮȻʵԵ˵ȥˡ
ܼңѽ
С㣬ûõġε飬˭˵ûá
Ȼ㲻˵Լ˵
ѦѬʶһ㣬ҪģǿѦңĸֳ˵
ϣ˼ŹҵˣΪиõѡΪεĿ·ȷ档
Ŷ
ܶ˶û˵Ҳɵʱ˵˭˵·󽫣ǿߣȻҲģֻҪܼʶڵĺΰҲˡЩͨǿߣ·ϻȥȿ·ûκһҿڵġ
û뵽ѦѬȻ˵бЩ̫ӵԱõѡΪ·ȷ棬治֪˵Ļ˭
Ѿͷ˼ǣ֪ʲôΪʣ
ǵġ
Ҳ˵ñľǲʵģ
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ѦѬͲ飬Ҳ¡ΪѦѬʲôģҪס̫ӵԱŮˣĺܣΪЩ̫ӵĳԱȥϽоѦ˵ûκεĺô뵽һƣһԲѴ֮ͳӷĸĶơ
ϣ˵֮ˣҰƽֵģңǸոռǳǵģ˵ǳǣû˿Ĺס
⻰һڳˣҲڶһ󾪡
ܸ񽣴ƽ֣˵ʯǳǣ˳ϻ֮⣬ûң˾ȻǸոռǳǵģ
ܶˣʱѾ˳ӷ磬Ǹ֮ǰûȥĳӷ硣
˵ǽ죬ǽֻ꣬һǼǳǵģˣ֮ڻǷƣȻǳӷ硣
ȺУڳͷɳϵǣҲ˳ӷ磬˲۾ӷͬ㡣
ܸ񽣴ƽ֣ʲôЦҪ֪÷ĿǸҹģǵıӣóӷ粻յȺڣѦѬȻ˵ӷܸ񽣴ƽ֣ȫǰ֮ڵĽɫˣĽɫҪǵı
ȻҲкܶ˿ˣѦѬ˻ӷ磬ϵ飬ɱӷ飬ҲǺܶ˶֪ģڳӷ绹ţôõĻᣬѦѬŹӷ񽣵İжֲѦѬҲ˵ܸ񽣴ƽֵġ
Ͽ񽣣ʵ£Ѿͷ˵ģǲģ
񽣲ɵĿЦɲΪѦѬ˵˵ȻʵѦѬȴһĶʹɫ
İɡ
ʲô㣬ľģ˿١
ѻ˵
طϣĻʮ޷ȡСӵҲǴƽְɡ
ĻʮʵҲֻǰ񽣵һˣ˵ûʲô˵ģȴҲûֵܵסɳӷȴסˣǰ׿ڳϵģúܶ˴гԾ
ɣСȻܵס񽣵Ļʮ
ʵСôġ
ôģѦλСϷҪȥ·Сˣ


2017 һ
񶾵Ů˳ӷˣֶ񶾣ĻģȨƻ֮Ůˣӷ绹ǵһμ
ѦѬһ仰ˣȫ˳ӷ硣£ͳӷһǸռǳǵģ֮⣬ѦѬͲָˣϽѦѬԭҪɱӷģ³ľ֪ڳһ˿ģżҸҷ滹ѦѬ֧Ԯڣӷȴš
񽣴ƽ֮ˣǳǣ¹ѧԺĳϻ⣬ûǲ˵ģż⼸Ҳһ֪ѦѬһ仰ķϸͬٳˣԴȤ
ҲĶ˰ɣȻʱȥ
ϳŭֲ̫ڳǿʵ̫࣬ϳţҲʱš
ֵܣٲߣǾ߲ˡǷϸͬٳϵڰ֮ϣһȰҪǿĶ࣬һ֣ǲҪȥҲֲסһһѽ
Ԫȱ˳֮Ϊ޵ļһﶼеη壬֪Ҫ˵㣬δ֮ǰлġ
úǰʱ򣬳ӷ粻Լ֣ȥѦѬоҪ뿪˵ء
ˣҪܱЩһ﷢
˷Ѿ̫ˣͨŲֵѾע⵽˳ӷ˵ľٶ˶磬˳ӷ˵󣬽ӷ˵·
ܣ·µš
ͨЦôǿ󣬾ֵܵס񽣵ĻʮΣ죬ĸҪ
ʱҲɱˣӲȥʶģ̹
ʱ㻹š
ͨǲõģͬʱҲѾע⵽ӷҪˣйֵͨܽǸҪˣͲ̫ˡ
ѦѬ˵λϣ˵ˣĸǴͷĽгӷ磬ܸҰƽ֡
ѦѬϵЦóӷеģľصЦҪ˶
Ŷ
ͬ϶ųӷ磬ͣȻܸ񽣴ƽ֣òϳԾ
ѾͷûСӣ
ȥ˵ƽƽ棡νǼˣ̫һ֣ѧԺĻ֣ǵǣͬ϶١ǰСӣͲųǿĴѽ
ҿԿ϶ҸղġҰĻʮСӾȻԽҰʮȫֵ
ѦѬڿ佱ӷ磬佱ӷǿ󣬿佱ĻóӷĸȥԼ̫ӵĳԱȥء
Ȼ¶˵ˣȻŵġ
ӷĸĿƼҷˣҲʱ

һӵӰȷһ˳ӷǰӿȥĺܣһѾץס˺Ȼ쵰Сӣ첻ؼң죬ȻҸôӽ첻㡣
ӣǺȻĸףҲǺƼҽһļ飬ֻȺȻүү¼֮λ󣬺Ƽҵļˡ
ǳǣв½ҲǸ쵱ĽɫΪԸ嶯Ƣ𱩣Ҳܶ๤ʺϲμӣҲû˸ҽȥμӣһ嶯顣
㣬ǺƼҵĺ飿
ѾץסһСӣ֪СȻҲǺƼҵˡ
طϵĻǺ顣СǲТӣѾһʱûعˣҸҪҽץȥû뵽Ȼ
ȻǺƼҵǾȴ°ɡ
ϸѦӣȻҪƼӣ򣬾Ե̫ƫ˽˵㡣
ϸߡ
źȻҪˣɺȻȴһѽָ뿪˺ü˵ʱҲߡ
ӣȻѾ϶˳ӷֵܣ֮䣬ܶʱ򣬺ܶˣҪ̫˽⣬̫õദֻҪһ£ѾϧΪ֮ˣȻ̵ֿʱڣ϶һֵܵĽɫ
Ҳʲôʱ˵ķݡ
ף㲻ǲ֪ԣѦѬǳһҪֵˣߵĻֵô죡
ڻĹܵô࣬ʲôֵֵܲܵģֻҪû£ͷˡ˵ƽԺȻȭߵģƼһУֻкȻһɲܳ£򣬺ƼҾ;ˣ
ϳһѺȻļ򣬴ЦֵܣǰһΪֻǸ廨ͷû뵽ֵѵʱܲһеվֵߡûȽĶҶ㡣
ϳ֮ǰѾ˵źȻѱȻԼĻͿԽİѱóʱȻᱻϳƼҡϳ֪ԼǰĶһֶǣȻͲԼˡ
ںΣô˵ǰڴˣܲȭ߰ɡ
Ȼ˵ҽˣԺ˭ҸҺȻֵܡ
ֵͷûˣҪʲôֵܡ
ףɲ˵Ҫ֪ҿҪӹǺƼҵģҲǺƼҽļ˵һû֮ɣǺƼң綼Ҫ군
Ȼ⻰˵Ҳûе㣬Ҳ˽ġɲôƲͬƽգƼֱӱӷ綼û⡣
˵һ䣬ϸߡ
һңȻҶҪҵֵܹ
˵飬ӻͦġҪҲж˵͵ǺƼңΪв½ɡȻҲȻǺƼҵġ󣬱ǺƼҴĺô
Щ˵ĺôǿɲһ㣬ܶĺôһ̳ǶԵ̫Сˡ
ϣҡ
Ҫ˵ˣˡ⿪·֮£ͽĸˡ
ںΣҲֻΣԷϵľƨҷš
ȻĸҲˣڣûվԶԼĶӣǵ˵ͷ
Ϊĸ׵ģԼĶҪȥȴֹҲԿĸףӱ˵һĽɫΪӵ顣
ǣȻǳ˽ĸףĸ׿ɲǵ֮ʱǳеһɫڣȻѾΪĸˣɡ
ӣȥɡĸ֧㡣
Ȼ¶ЦݣĸʶԻģ
ĸ׶ౣأε飬ӿɲһܻŻ
ҵĺöӣֻҪ飬ĸ׶֧㡣ǳӷ磬ܻŻĻǺƼңȫ֧
϶ֵܣΪĸ׵ģȻҲ϶Ҳ˵ӷܻŻǾͽֱӵõƼңʱѧԺ֧֡
ӷɲȻԼֵܣԼһȥѦѬֻҪԼϳǶǸġ
ǰɣ

ŭѾģ캦Ҷӻ˵
Ҫֻ˵Ҫȥһ·һԣͲҪȥ
ʲô
һԣ
仰浱˵ϡ
ӷĵҲ̫˰ɣ˭ˣȻ˵һ֮ȥ·
Сӣ֪˵ʲô𣿡
Ȼ֪ҲǾ仰濪·һԣҪֵܡ
ֵܡ
ͲҪϻˣ£һվҳӷ統ֵܵģ˭Ҳ


2018 Ĺ
ȻԸԼΪѣǵֵ֮ˣӷΪأˣҲһӵֵܣһӵսѡ
µĺĹʵ̫Σգǳӷ磬ȥ֮δаȫˣ͸˵ǺȻˡ
֪ܲȻ˲УҪȥɣɲǳӷķԼѣԼֵܣԼˣҪһеȥǣԼٴҲܵ˿˺
һԣ
ӷ仰úȻ˲ϳһվ˵ֵܣǿ𣿡
ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ҹҲսѾֵˣôܻῴǡµʵ̫ΣգĸһȥһȥбϵĶࡣ
һȥ˵бϣ̫˰ɣ
ϳ˵ı鶼ǳѿǺȻĸףҪӷһȥɳӷȴȥȻǲܵġ
Ҫֵܽһûʲôµģÿһһ

ӷһЦΪȥͻҾȥΪĻҲ̫Сҳӷˡ
Ԫ˵аȥһ·
·
ӷЦ˵ֲЩ˵£ҲûȥΪЩһ￪·ѦѬ˴˻ҪҵҲƴˣƾͼơ
ֵܣ˼ǡ
Ҷ뿴ʲô֮Ȼͳδͳߡ
ӷΪˣ˵ĿƼĴ½˵˼룬˵飬ɱĴ½˶ĶࡣϾĴ½ĿƼѾչزܶʱǶҪȥģֻҪͺˡ
粻ͬ˵绹һƼ𲽽׶ΣҲպǿޱȣֽҪĴ½ȽϵĻҲϰĴڡΪˣˣҪͣĶȥ˼˼⣬Ҳʹĵ˵뷨Ĵ½Ķ࣬٣ںĴ½˶Ķࡣ
һǺĳʼѾڵģҲӵδͳߵǵߵҲһܹӵеġ
ԳӷĲ²⣬һĹ֮ڿһеķĹӵһַǳźĴ½δģֻͣ˵Ϊʲôڹֵĵ񣬻δͳߡ
ΣȻ˱ƳӷȥǳӷҲֻƴˣȴȥΪЩһ￪·ǿ·ǽĹȫ棬ǶԳӷ˵Ҳû̫ĺô˼ǿĵ˰ˣǿԼҲܹǿûĹϵӷҪģԼһ֮̽ҲջҲ˵
ֵܣò롭
Ԫ˫ķǳųӷ뷨Ҳ̫˰ɣЩǿߣǿ󵽳ϰĴڣֱӳģҪڹ⿪һ·У³ǹΧЩͷһӢһ
ûҾҪˣʱ䲻࣬ղǸϼһѾ˵ֵʱֻʮСʱʮСʱ֮ڣĴ½ǿҲңұЩ˸֮ǰ
ϳ˵Ǹ㡭
˵һ˽ȥֵܣ˵ĻһȥеյģǸһȥֻӸⲻҿǣĹǿǶ
ȷϳȥɾģǾԵģӷžŴ壬ҲȫѽɳӷһˣǾͲоŴˣкܶĶǿԻģ٣ӷ˵ġ
Ԫ˵ȻѾˣôֵܣһء
ţҿĴ½ǿߺܿͻϵε飬ɸϴڲɽͬɽû˿Ա֤Ϣ٣Σǹϵδͳߣ½ˣᾡһеġǣʹʲôֻҪԼİȫͿˣѦѬ¶֡
׵ģԼСĵ㡣
ӷ˵ͷԷͬϣ˵ǿ·һ˾͹ˣǲҪȥ
һˣСӣҲ̫
ϸҪ˵ӷ粻֪ߵغͻأӷһӴΧѪ⣬˺ĹϿգʹһƬҹʱΪһƬѪɫա
ϸͬٳ϶еԾССͣȻӵǿֹ⻹ѵѽ˵Ҳ̫ӵˣһȥҲǹ˰ɡ
Сӣ㻹Ȼ֪ѦʲôڣԱ֤֮󣬽ĹĲ׵ġ
ĹͲҪˣֻҪǴӦһ¡
˵ɣʲôҪ󾡹ʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ҪǱλֵܵȫҪĳЩŮ˵Ķ֡
ӷתͷһѦѬ
ģȻᱣסǵ
סԼ˵Ļ֪£ǾĹǿҲС֮ƴɱȡ
ӷĿνҪСɱϣǸǲܵ顣
Ҳκһ˵ӷ˵ڣЩַһҪǰΪҿ·ܽǹΧ֮ڡ
ãΪ㿪·
ͬٳҲ뵢ʱ䣬ͬʱڸղƳĿУٴιһʹǿ֮ڣӿһѤϣ
ӷϳ˺ֵܣԼأȥˡ

ӷ绯⣬ҪѤ֮ڣԺУͻȻ
Сӣ𣬻ȥѽ
ϻ
ǺĹ뵱꣬𶼲׽룬ȥʲô𡣡
ȵĲûнĹҲڳɾʹҵ֮г֪֮ģɳ֮ǰѾ˸ɱˡ
Ҿ˵飬û˿ǶλпյĻͰһѣûյĻԼ
ҲȲ˵ʲôӷֱӳѤڳ˽
ͬʯײ򣬳ӷӲޱȣײѤ֮ʱĹΧһȫ
ͬٳ϶һ𣬷˵Ĺ֮ȱҪǿޱȡˣȫ˺󣬲ҪĹ֮ˡ
ˣȥȻҲźˣϳ˱߿Żĳӷ磬ߺˡ
ֵܣˣ
ѦѬԶԹͨ˵ڳӷΧ֮ڣ·һǶ˲ʱɱ
ǣղŷѾӦӷ籣ȫġ
ܲôˡɱҲΪӷһ仰ΪǵġƼҷ棬ѵҸѦΪвɡ
ǺãǾ͵ȴʱҲŪ


2019 ֲĹţս
ӷѤʱŷ֣ĹɢԶԶҪԼеĿֲĶֻ࣬㣬û֮ڣԽ˸˺ɷˣͺñһͨû̫µ㣬ֺñڣеȫ˵ϲȹȥ˲ȳϡá
⣬ӷŰסƵģܳӷôã޷Ĺ֮İΧƶƶһҲܡ
ȻѾˣӷ֪Լû˿·Ĺ֮ҲӦַĵ̣ʱ֮䣬ӴκԼĵϷ
֮⣬ӷһĲɫԼЩɫһԼֽȫסˣķʹӷȫĹͷķ¸µ޷ʹۿҪʬˣ
Ҳ̫̬˵ɣȻ֮ԴҪǿ󣡡
ӷ֪֮Դںռ֮ΪԴԳӷ֪֮ԴӦռΪǿܻбǿĴڡ񣬳ӷ֪ԼˣռռЩǿҲˣռڣһֱ֮Դǿ
СӣѾˡĹı𶼲ҴСӻǲ֪ߵغԼӵбô۵ѪԪظǳѪȻӲĹ㣬ĹĴ½ͬʱƬռģ˵֤˺Ĵ½ӳʼһУӵеռγʱЩܱɵġ
ҲԵĺǳϾӷԭΪһģڳӷܵǿѹȻҲǲܵġ
ӷΪԼǿܽĹģڿ治֪ôĽĹ֮óӷ羪Ųԡ
ھĵʱڳӷҵʹ۵ǰʦ޵еĶԻʱѾ֪ռôγɵģһγɵģȻӷ粻֪һôγռ䣬Ӳ֪ǣ˵ʱγռǹܱһĻǾռΪǿֵܵĹ
û뵽Ĺ֮Ȼγռǹܱɵģѹӷ綼ֵסˣ˵ǳӷ磬¾٣Ҳδֵܵסǿ޵еĻĹ֮
ɲڸ߳ӷĹ֮ǲ˵㣬ӷ綼ѾˣҲ·ˣ취ǰ֮⣬ˣĸ졣
õģ˵Щϻղô˵Ĺ֮ʲôڸиƨѽҿɾǸңһģҲҪ군ٸҷţϳҡ
ѽӷˣǲôҲˣλڸûѡ񣬾±ǿ߷֣Ҳȫӷ磬ͻĻĹ֮
ӣǲòˡôۣͬʱ֣ܲܰСӳһ·
ô˵Ȼ۲֪ʲôĹ֮ۻġڻĹ֮¿ٳһ·Ǽֱ췽ҹ̷ܵ¡
ӷ˵ܲôˣһô֪
ԵȻԣСӣȰѳ˵ǰ棬޷ͻƵĻϸãỤ뿪ģǧҪӲƴˣ
ˣӷ񷶦ĻҲΣաղΪĹ̫֮ǿ֮ǰ뵽ȴˡ
񷶦ˣϳô죿ǷͬٳϣԼʧϳ˿ġ
УߣҲܶϳܣ
ӷݺҧ⻹ûġ
СӣɲҪ˵㻹֮ڣ𡣡
ϻˣϳ֡
ӷȫ͵һ΢һ㣬ʱŴȫ˳ӷΧӷֵס˲ֵ˺
Ϸȫųȥĳӷ磬ÿһ˶Լ˫ۣӷȻţڻĹ֮ѹ£ȻûѹСӣˢѽ
þµķСӴŪôõķȻԵֵסĹ֮
ϸͬٳķǸ߼ĻǵͼģҲǵһμӷŰ˾¶ǿķ
ȷȻСҲѹܸ´ƽˡ
ղųӷ񽣵ĶԾûˣǻӳԾΪӷ̵ģǾŴŴڸղֻϳģԣĿǳӷԼ
ϣСӱˣǾŰѷˡ
ϲģӷΪƴǾȻӷŴˣҲ룬Ŵõ
ѦѬǱҲѾ˶ȫעͶӷʱԱߵĹͨŲ˵ˡϳλϺԶͨɱϳ壬ŲɱԪ죬ںȻΪкƼҵڳɱѦҵǿߣܽ޸סġ
á
쵰Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ųӷǱҲ춥סˣĸͬһʱȫµɡ
ɱ
ѦѬһ仰ͬʱϳ˹ȥ
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ϳоɱԼߣͷӦ˹
ѦѬ͵Ϯǡޣš
顣
Ԫֻĳӷİȫ飬ûȥ룬û뵽ͻȻ˳ϮԼһȫԼıϡ
ۡ
ԪһѪת֮Ųһ䵶ٴγͷ
쵰Ȼ͵ϮңŲ
ޣû˻ˣ˭
ϳ壬ȻҲɡ
ѦѬȻ͵ϮҶӣҪ
ƷһֱӳѦѬȥ
Ѧܼңҵסޡ
ǣС㡣
¡¡
Χһ𶯣ŭѦҸż̫浱ҺƼ˲ɡ
飬ԲҼҴСԣ˵㣬ǺƳˣҲȲ˺Ȼ
һѦ߹ҲҶҺƳӣһȫϷ
ͻأǳǷһޱӴ
ϣڲȴ޾İ
ãǺƳϼһˡ壡
бһȵƳ࣬û뵽겻ǰйʮǰһսδֳʤ¹ʮԣҰ񽣿Ρ
Ҳһ֣Ϸͷ㵽סҺƼҵţϷѦҵնɱһ
ǣүӡ
Ĺճ֣Ŀ½˻δû뵽ǳǷȻԼȶ
Ƽ֮ƳҲǸɫɲʲôѦҲѦҵģȻֳ϶ԼӣѦҵˣҺƼԺôǳǻȥȻѦȷҺƼңҺƼҲǺ۸ģͳͳɱ⣬һ


2020 ǿ
ƼںӣһǺ飬һǺģ϶滹һ磬ֵܵĸã
Ϊ˽ʲô¶ֻΪԼһжΪƼңԣƳѡӺƼңڵ꣬ں˵Ǹ޴ĴҲΪˣĸìԽԽ
Ϊ̳ˣһĹأʲô綼ͬӲĻӾλĻᡣ
Ȼ˺ȻһȻҲϴģΪҲһӣںƳλϣȻûѡĹƼңѾΪүүȴƫģԾͽĵĶӶΪ˺Ƽ֮ĹߡǰĵĶͻȻ˼ˣʬƳ֮£ֻúȻΪƼһεĹߣ
ʵǰ֮֮ˣǺȻ֮ĵĶӾʧˣɵģ֮ӵʧ٣ǸȻֱӵĹϵ£ǳڣֻһ֪Ǿϳ壬ϳǰҲµǺȻİѱɵ񣬸ûǸҪˡ
죬ѦѬҪɱӷˣĹʱ֣ȻҲѾˣûг֣ҲûҪ֣ΪԶʧٺͶѦңںƼ˵˵һǳ裬ƼҵĳӾȻͶѦңƳţҲΪʱѦҷεĦճԿĶǺƼңϾѦǳǵȨȺƼҴ󣬼ϺͶѦҵġ
죬ѦѬҪɱȻպþöԹһĺƳȫ˳ҲѦھȨҪɱҵӣ˵һ񽣵·Ѧ֮ҲûãҪѦƴһ
񽣣ȻѡվѦǱߣǽݹϷˡ
񽣱濴ᣬʵ͸Ƴ࣬ȺƳҪЩֻΪϲװװƣΪԼӣòϣ˺ܴĹ
ɣҿ⼸ʮжĳ
ѾƳˣޱѦҵĹܼңǿ߸żҸҷ棬ҲȫǰѦѬȻͨŲϳ˵Ԫֶξ
˵ڶѾҳһףܶҲѡվλõģûȥκһϾҪ飬ǺĹ飬ȫȷһߣѦƣţļභˣһʧûСȻ¹ѧԺʱѧԺҲûж֣ϾҪһ·һһսֹסˣҲȫǣȥһܴһ˱ʵҲǸս
ӷ˲ôĻĹ֮Ȼûģ壬ҲѾԶˣȴǺףԵʮֳ˵ȫеķҲȫʹ˳
ڣ̩ɽѹǵء˵еݶȫڳӷϣҲҪκεݣӷһ·ǹſڼѵĳȥͬһ˵ĻڣӷҪͨӵȺӻͷβϵˣȫٽĴӣ
£Ȼˣĳӷͷʹ֣ŭѦѬ˸ӣȻʱ¶֡үү̣Ĺ֮ڣɱѦš
û뵽ԻĹ֮ͬʱӷ绹˵ŭ÷ͬϷǳԾ
ѦѬȴЦӷ磬㶼ѾѱˣȻе˵Ѧšɡ
ӷϼһȻӦλֵܣھȻŲʣ֡
СӣǴӦǰǣҪһ··ƾʲôСӡ˵ˣǼ֮ĶԹûϵ
Ѿĸһǰɣʲô¹ѧԺϻᣬͳͳûһöӷҲɵѽԵģƼһǾԵֲѦҵģԼ취ϳǱˡ
ĹǧųһΣһ֣½ǿ߶ϹѵǾͲ£Ĵ½ǿϾ͵һȴڴս룬ʲô
ӷһԿֲĻĹ֮һ߻Ҫ취÷ͬٳȥֹѦѹν󡣺ڣһһôۣҲǳصѽͬʱڳӷǰԵĳһ··ΧȫǻĹ֮
ͬٳϾСӣȻһ֮һ·̫һ֮һѽ
ͬ٣С˵ҲûʱҪľʱ䣬ʱĴ½˸ϵǳǼȴڴսǺǲġ
в½ȫǳǵǿߣϾҲһҪͬķ֮һڴսֵܵס˵ķѽ
ͬٳ˵ȥֹǡ
ֹʱֹѾ̫ˡ
ֻңԶ֮ϣ⣬˷ȫ߳˹
ǿ·һ̣в½
´󾪣ģĻ湻ģԼ뵽⣬ôˡ
Ǳߵİ񽣸Ƴ࣬ڸоǿϯʱҲȫɵͣס֣ÿһ˵˫ۣȫ˷ȥ
ãǶ½
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Ĵ½ɱϴɽҪǿҲȫӦķţв½Ŀĸͬģ֪Ĺеĵھڣһôĵ
ǳǣȻǿѽҵȸյǾ˾ʵķӭҵȣ֮֮ѽ
һǿԶԶʹ˹ͬϼԦǵԭߡ
һɻ̳ɵĲʺԶԶǲʺϣһٵ̫ţ̫ձһ֧ȣߴһԼ߰СŮСŮ˫񣬿žˣȴһǿɱ
ſǶ½ǿߣɻţ
ɻţȡģTM̫вˡ
û뵽δ˼ǵšû´ĻӦ¹ѧԺϻһλɣ
˫ȭһ֮ˣڶ½ݸλͬһġ
Ƿ񡣲ɻţ֪ʲô磬ϴв½ˣ
⻰˵ģʲôϣѵѾľͺ
ĹԲѾδˣȻв½ȻǾ춯صĴ£Ϊ½еλģܲĦһ¡
˵ĺĦĦģûҪǧһǿߵɡ
˭֪һʲôĹ֪ھеĵ˭ҵв½ĶɵôöȽ롣
ɻˡĹв½Ҳ˵δµͳߣҲȻв½ɡɻԶ½ʹߵݣв½õģͳ֮߳󣬱ȻΪɻŶԡɻδͳעģݱ˵ĻǰĲ㶫½ӵ𣿡
εݣҶ½Ȼǵﲻ𣡡
Ǿˣǵڰֵĵ񣬶ھڼֵĵҲŵ֮ڽûļһʲôģʱͳһضɨƽ㶫½
⻰Ż𣿺ܿϧɲǱϵġλĹΧ
ǣš

ৡ
ǧ⣬һΧѤ֮⣬ȴûһ˸Ҵ
ţв½Ѿ˴ˡ
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һ
һˣв½ʲôʱ˴˵
ɻŷȥֻһӰѾӽĴſˡ
ᣬȻӵǿĹ֮ڿһ·в½ȵˣˣȥ
ǣš
ͬʱϲ½½½ҲѾȫϵˣ£ඣ


2021 ĶĲ
ĹųּѽǼصĴ飬ڵһʱȫµ˶Ӧ֪Ĵ½İ֮󣬵һ½Ѿǵˣ½֮ķٶȴĻҲҪʱѽĴ½ˣȻô͸ϵˣֻ˵һ⣬ЩˣԷеķģǿһС͵ĳ涴ͨ涴ڵĴ½ġȻ涴һ˵ֳΪգǴ֮ţչġ
£ȫǿߣңɣѧԺʲôģĿǰȻǲȫģȫ룬ǹ¹ѧԺĳϻҲҪ㳲ˣλǿߣҲ
ȻĴ½Ҳив½һĴ㣬ܽеĳǿͳͳɹȥһ󲿷֣ʱʲôҲ㹻ܵ
ڣ½ڲɻŵ֮£ѾһֲҪǿ߳Ѥ֮ڣҪȥֹӷ翿ĹӲóӷ룬Щνǿߣ͸ӷ֮ǰһ̫СĹ֮ˣµһѤϵǿߣ֮ͻΪһѰ׹ǣڹΧ
ɻżԼ½ǿ߾һ֣ǲˬԼģɶǶ½պÿһղܶ໹֮ϣǸһѤϣֱӱĹ֮Ϊ׹ǣɼĹ֮Ҫֲ౶
ţǰ취ѽǵˣ͵ֵסĹ֮ȥֻ
ôܣ
ɻžò˼飬ΪʲôӷڻĹ֮оȻһ¶ûУԼˣȥ٣˵ӷӦòв½ĶΪɻ֪ӷģֻΪв½ǿ߿·ѣһ·֮ȻЩҪȥˣǿߣҪģ
ڣв½һֻſ·ʸ֮ȻֵܵסĹ֮ңۿҪſˣѵԼ½νǿߣľôһ˼һ·֮磡
ȻɻȻţһӷ磬ֵܵסĹ֮ƨ붼֪ǲܵģǾֻһˣ
СӵϣŸ˫ıֵסĹ֮˺Ѥϵı߶޷
ɻöʲôע⣬ڶ뾡һа취Сӣϵı
ʵӷѾóˣǾŴѾҫ۵ģ½Ȼ֪ȥӷʲô
ּһ½Ѥг壬Ŀǰλһ㶯ûС
Ԭ飬ǲҲöˣ
ϲ½ǱѾӧ֮ΪԬǸŰߵˣҲϲ½ͷɢƿҲԲǲɻ֮£ڲɻ֮ϣҲ˵Ԭһ֮˶½һû˫һֱЩѤеĶǿߣϲɵ¶Ц˵Ȳö½ȴͷſڶ޷ĻǵȥҲֻġ
Ԭһг̬֮ǰգĹһҪģģԲԼϲ½֮ˡ
ںĹĴ˵ʵڳÿһ֪ٴˣܴӴᵽĹֲ֮֮ȴûˣԬ飬ѵһᵽġ
һпܱв½ȽѽԬ飬ŵСӣв½ˣô෨壬ȻֵܵסĹ֮СӲѽ
⵽ˣҲ赣ģСͬ⣬ͬ𣡶ңһȥ֮ˣҲΪв½Ҫ֮ˣ¹ѧԺϣСӽģ
ʲôʱ֣
СӵſʱǾͶ֡һſڣ͵ڶʱڿһͨſڵ·ǸʱֻҪȱһܵһġ֮ſڣ٣ɱ٣ֻҪҵھ˵ҲͲҪЩһʱˣֱ뿪
Ԭ黹мˢӣȻ֪ȳӷ翪ٳһ·ٽȥ㣬½ĲɻҲû뵽ġ
˿̵ķϸͬٳϣҲκһ֣Ҫ֣ҲԼȣԷ̫࣬ǿ̫࣬һȫ濪սĻǲӰ쵽ʱ䣬ͬʱҲԼв½Ȼ뷨ȻҲǵв½һңÿһ½ģҪ֪ĹֵʱֻʮСʱ˭ʮСʱ˷ڴɱɱϵĻǾ͵ڰһˡ
ڽٶ֣ˣ
ϳΪĴ½ѦȫֹͣƼҷƴɱ˵ʱǰȫģûܱ֤Ѧǻڳӷ翪ٳ·͵ϮԼˣԱҪʮ־ʱ׼ԵС
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ϳԪ죬ھֻԪһˣϳȻãû͵Ϯ
ģû¡ҲԴаɣڳֵһƴҿҲһܳƶãֵܿ˵ǣֵܵģܲܿųֵһƴԼȴֻŻѽ
˵ûǲţҪȥֵһѡ
ôǿǺĹղҲˣ½ЩǿߣÿһǿʮǸһȥͱĹ֮Ϊ˰׹ǣǽȥĻ̼ͽɱ
һ취Ԫ˵
ʲô취˵
ȻĽ޵ʱã
Ҳʮ롣
ʮ룬㹻ˡΪʯͷˣȻåڹܵĳϣȥǿײֵܡ
˼˵Գȥײֵܣһſڣ
ûһһݵΣաʮ޵пһҪסΪåڹܲһΣʮ֮ڲϵĳ㣬ʮ֮ڲϵײֵܡ
˼ˣǾɡ
Ԫ˵ǸӣҲǸƴķӣͿȻʯͷʮ޵У𵽶øû֪˵ʮ֮ڣӷܵſڣ·ѾˣȻ·ϲΣգܷءʮڳӷ޷ſڣ·ǺȻͽ½Щǿһ̱Ĺ֮ΪһѰ׹ǣ
⣬һĶĲΪֵܣò
˵ɾ͸ɣҪʱ䡣ɹˣֵܣһȫµĳƺš
ʲôƺţϳʵ
ȻһЦǳǣĴӣ
ѽĴӣⶼӵĻʣʲôķӣ


2022 ս
ǳĳ壬ȵĵȣԲȥģⷽ£Ҳֻж½һĸɣҲΪǲɻŵ쵼޷Ϊʹ˰ɣһŮˣڴɱɱⷽ棬Ǹ쵼ߣüıⷽ棬ȴˡ
治֪½ôһûӵ̫ŹѵɻŻʲôֻ֮Ŀǰûֳ
ôĹֵʱֻʮСʱڳӷȻѤڣڻĹ֮İΧûһһſڿûκܱ֤ӷܳŵ
ͬٳȻὫеĶעȫѺһԭԼв½СϣС;ʲô⣬ߣС½ļϸͽ鷳
ͬٳϣҵȻҪгӷСӡ
ϱͬٳҪĶ࣬Ǹ˵ûаëǮϵ
ͬٳϸཻ꣬Ȼ֪һôˣ¹ѧԺϻĳϣв½ǶǾصһҪʱȥԼȥˣ㣬¹ѧԺϻᣬܶ϶ˣҲкܶ೤ǸվһģͬٳϾǸһһ
˼ǣ
Сܽ·ҵȻǲſڵģ뾡һа취СӸ
ȻҲûʲôģǴӷŴ⣬ͬʱóӷȫſڡ
˼ǣСӿſڵǰһ̣ҵȳ֣ʱСӸ
û·ѾٵĲˣֻһĻҶ˺Ҳȫ·ģһͲҪСӡ
ϼһȻѦѬһıҪӷ磬ңҪڳӷ翿ſڵǰһ̣ڳӷٳ·һӷĳνѦѬй֮޲ѽ
Ϊ¹ѧԺĳϣǳΪĵϸͲҪȥ˵Ŀ½ӷɱ֮ǳڣҲԲκ˸˵Լϻһ䲻ǵġ
ͬٳϵ˵ͷ˵ȻˣǴɱֽСӣ㽫·һɡһӦòɡ
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ԶڳͷɳϵǣѾע⵽˷춯
Ϊв½һǿߣҲĴ½ǿ֮һĹŵӣЩνĳϣĺܡ
ںԣҪӺӷ磬ǷóֹǾҪ֮ǰ÷ĸ̸ûˡ
գӣһ
˿̣Ҳ˹յ˫۳Χȥǣȴϵãǵòܲ²ģܹһв½ֱӸӷ˵Ҫ˭˭
ѵǡ
գҿˡǳֵܣΣա
һֻı飬Ѥڵĳӷ磬¿ɺˣӷȻ֪ĳ˽Ǳض·һ
𣬾ȻҽĹҵȥֹ
㲻ҪˣûǶ½ǿߣһȥͻΪ˰׹Ĺ֮ʵ̫ǿ͵ֵס룬ӷСһŲɽЩֵܼڵġ
ϳǼСأ
ͷһתͬʱҲ׼ˣϲ½ԬǱߣҲȫ׼׼һ
ʱûĵΧȺ֮ڣ˴󺰵֣
ʱ֮䣬һ΢ǿϢɢ漴ֻȺУһˣ仯Ϊһʯͷˡ
ƼҷĺƳ࣬ޣԼӣԼĶӾȻʱԷȫһû֪Ȼʲô
ʲôϸϷ
Ƴһ󺰣Ȼھ罫⣬ܡ
åˡ

Ȼһ嵽ѤϵĿǰ½Ҳûˣǿ̫࣬Ļ٣Ҫ١
ϳԪͬʱ˺ȻϳڹѾ仯ԪҲѾ仯ˣӣȫѤϿǰȴû֪Ҫʲô
Ƚȥͽˡ
Ƽҷ棬ƷһѴ󾪣仯ʯͷ˵ĺȻȻֱӴӿӳ˽ӣ𣬲Ҫˡ
Թ˭ΪֵҲ
׳ң
ΧѾвѯʯͷʲôˡ
Сӣ湻ֵġ
ǰ׳Ϊ
ҲСӣһҪȥֵһѡ
ͷﲻκæԼҲˡ
˼ҶѾ˵ˣԹ˭ΪֵܣͲ
ȻһѤϣ͸еڣ̩ɽѹҪĸǡ
޵Сƣƣơ
Ȼȫɢ˿˿Ĳʹ⣬ʮ޵УѾʮ֮ڣǲܵ˿˺ģҲ˵ʮ֮ڣʯͷ壬лĹ֮˺ȫյǣʮ󣬺Ȼͻ̷ǣΪһѰ׹ǡ
ףǲҪˡ鼱⻰˼ҪƳ־ˡ
ɺƳȴɫ԰ףڲ԰֮࣬Ҳ͵ĵͷǵһΣԺȻӵ̶ȵȵزҲǵһΣúȻһƼ
𼱣ʮ޵Уʮ롣Ϸ뿴Сӵ
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ʵڼȻʯͷˣѤʱܶ˾Ѿסˡ벻в½һ֮Ȼ˵ʶһ˳Ѥϣһʯͷ˵壬Զ̶̵޵ʱѤʲô
ɵϳеһڷȫӦ˹ҲѾ˲µȻǵĿˡ
ڣ硣
飬飬顭
ڣֱӳѤϣһںȻϣ֮ʹĺȻ壬Ѥһƶٶ̫ȥ˵ʮ룬ʮӣ޷ӷġ
Ԫ캰ҽȫڹ֮ϣڡ
Ԫ콫ȫȫϳڹϡ
ϵĺȻĽȿһ㣬Ҳ̫ĸơ
ȥɲǰ취ǵʵǡ
ϳ廰Ϊ䣬ͻȻԼڹϣһתͷһֻԪ󣬶һˡ
ˮ£
ˮǸѧԺһģ֮ǰûʲôڼϳ˵ķٶҲܹˡ
Ҫϻ𡣡
ã죬ֵǷһ顣
ϳٴ緢ǲѽ
룬꣬Ϲæ
ˣѪģж䣬ֳʱɵЩһﲻ
Ӹåйڣô£ܴһ
ѧԺĻ룬꼸Ҳȫ˹
ڵʲô
żҷ˶еͿˣѧԺˣʲôʱӷǻһˣھȻְųӷǡ
ٶ࣬Ҳ
ôǾټҡ
ʱҲȥ
ţôգ
ڿֻеСӿ·ҵȲܽ
Ѿͷһѡ
ΪʲôҪӷСӣ
ˣҪĶҲ͵òˡ
һԥ󣬻ǳ˹ȥ
ͬʱѾ쿿ſڵĳӷ磬תͷȻ˽ڳԼһĿ棬ϳǽô˵źȻĿóӷּ
ϸҳȥ
ֵܣǲһðΣգȴʲôܡֵܵģнûֵҲһ𡣡
ȻѾ˳ӷ磬ڣҪʼײӷˡ
åޣټӴҪʼײֵˡ
ãðɣС棬ӱɡ
¡һ˭Ҳû뵽ԪϳӷȻСҪ֪Сܵ˺ģһС⣬Ҳ·һġ
ˣǼСӣȫˡ
һҪСãǻԻСġ
ܲôˡֵܣڣϣͻĹ֮
ϷϸͬٳϼʱѾˣӰһϳǷһȻײӷʱͻأͬٳϵϳȫѤѹ˽ǿޱȵѹƵϳˣȫĳѤϡ
ãϣͬٳϣΪΣ
Ϊһġ
쵰
ӷһղŰԼˣȫԼߵ
ôۣһסǡ
СӣǸһ㣬ͿԼˡ
ô۱Ͼʵ壬ֻܽӷ磬ӷôãǾǳӷˡ
һһô۵һҲһģϾôۻҪסӷԼ
ϲģһͣȻЩС¶֡죬Ĺ֮ڣҳӷҪǵ
СӣѾκεüֵˣڿʧˡ
ɱңǾҪûǸˡ֡ҳ


2023 ͬ
һ񽣣ӷ缸ȫȫֵܵסĻʮϳ֣ҪԼӷڱĹ֮ѹôõͬʱҪȥ˵ˣ˵ʵԳӷ籾ǱɱķݣϾĴ½ɲռ䣬ÿһǿߣҪ̫ӣʲôǰĴǿԲֵĻӷɾ·һġ
ǰӷʹòʱõģҲֻǲ񷶦ڣһӷ磬ô۵һ֮£ӷȻ㹻̣˵ǵֵϵĽһսǳӷҲǲģ
Ȼ¶Ҫִ磬ӷҲͼһʱ֮죬̫ˣ֪ڿرô۲ŻᴫһԼģƽһƶģһ콫ϸɱǵȺĹ󣬹¹ѧԺĳϻᶼҪˣǸʱ򣬳ӷ粻ҪסȫͬʱҪϳǼȫڳӷ˵ʵ̫
ӣԼûоԵİձס֮ǰҪ˼еģ٣ڲԲϸɱӷҪ̵̣һʱ֮Ĵ½ռ
顭
һ޴ıըڳӷٳ·𣬷֣ͬڣӷҲоϵҪǿ˵񽣸ڲɽֵǸһӵһ磬ϣӵʮһ硣
Ȼռ䣬ǲȱѽǰĴڣռǶֶ֮࣬ǰϣϲɽֵа񽣣ĸ˵һһ𣬾ѾٶʮˣǶʮڤѽ
ӷȫʱһѪðһľ󣬳˳ӷ
ͬٳϸһ֣ıͽϳһѹȫˣÿһˣжѪ
ӷϳڲϳѧԺˣո裬ÿһ˶ǰԼģԼκһܵ˺
ҵֵܣҪصĴۡ
ӷû˿֮£֮Уħֱӳ˳ųɰǧС÷ͬһʱû뵽ӷȻԲ˵
СӣȻд˵ֶΡ
֮񣬻½ڵˣҲмǼʶģЩˣǿޱȣڲǸʱҲֻСɫˣ棬Ƕûʸ
ħͬʱŶϣʱѤнǶ˸ΧҲΪΧĻĹ̵֮ģӷ翪һ·Ĺ֮ǻƶ·Щ΢СĻĹ֮ѾһĶˡ
ħȻҪЩСǿĶ࣬ͬʱĽҲѾϴ
ӷʱϳǰÿһ˶ˣѤд̫ãһΧĻĹ֮ȫۼ˶·һ
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ȳӷ綯ˣϾȻѾͻħΧֱӷͬٳϣȻħסˡ
òϣϣʵֲ̫ȻھħΧͻΧӣħǲġ
ʮħҵסǡ

УǾħ˳ɳӷʮҲ̫һ𣬿ҪҲ
ٸǼӾ𡣲Ԫ񾡳ʮħҸҷһ
񷶦ڵԪÿһԪԻΪħڣӷѾԪˣеĻǹƻҲ𿪿ţԪȫںϽ֮ڡǣ񷶦Žе䣬治֪ܷԪȫںϽ
ڣʮħҲǳصģȫǲķѽԪֵܵס
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СӣΪôܶԸҲ̫˰ɡơ
˫ִһӡҪͻʮħĹϣӷ練ӦҲ൱֮죬ͬһʱ䣬ҲһӡħӲͬķ򣬹ϡ
Ŵһǳȥ
ӷ˫ȻһӣŴȫΧϳǰ
ɸͲȳӷ˳ȥϷͻȻ֡
Ӹ½˽һ
ԭ˿̣Ĵ½˼ʱѾˣ¹ѧԺ϶ѾѤϣҲʲô٣⿿һĴ½ĳǿߣԿٵġ
񽣼Ĵ½ǿҪĴ½κһ˽ˣΨһİ취ǽӸһգȥҲһУҪͬˡ
ɻŭ񽣣ȻҷڡˣȽ
ǣš
ԬΣѾǳǵİ񽣷գڸô죿
ۿܽȥˣȻ񽣸һȸ½һɱ񽣵ˣ֮ҵٺһڡ
Ѥ֮⣬Ű񽣽ڷգһ½֮ǿߴսҲѾչ
ӷĺڱˣĿǰ˵ԼûһѽͻƶħΧΧĻĹ֮پۼ
ӣֻһ·ˣ
ӷһЦ˵λ£˽֮⣬û·׼ûУ
֪ڵĻĹ֮ϰٱǧԼЩĶֵסǲ·һ
ɾӷ˵·ѾûˣǰһҲ֪ǳȻδ֪飬Ǻβһء
ս컹մֵܵĹѽȻʸĹ
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ʵӷڸͲҪʣΪ˽⣬û·ˡ
һֱӽǸǻǾ͸ˡһһ漴Ҳ˳ˮ£룬ϳǼȫ˲
ӷ͵һͷͻƶʮħ֮ǰҪĹ
ɡŴΪҿ·а񱬷ޡƣƣơ
ͨſڵһڱ˳ֻһͬȱڳڳӷǰ
ӷ纰ôˣȥ


2024 ū
ϷһƬսһʱ˶ûȥѤеĳӷˡɵ˷ӦʱͼӷѾͨ˹ƬѤϣ˹ſڣúܶ˶е⣬û뵽ǵСɫȻͨĻĹ֮ԼЩˣҪǽȥģʣµˣΪѾգ϶ԷͲܿˣӲܽ
ʵҪֵסģв½Ĵ½֮䣬Ҳ໥ţÿһֻԼ˽κ˽롣
ʵЩ˵ӣǷӦйģʵֻҪϸһ룬κĹв½Ǿζţδͳв½ˣôĴ½ӦȽ֪δͳߵݣɱǳǣδɳδͳ߸ĨɱҡС
ҲΪЩһΪǣκһŻΪ򵥵İɣɲôǾԲˣеĶԷҲͬģܽģֻгӷЩˣҪӷ¹ѧԺϡ
ʵ˿ӷЩܵſڣڹڵĻĹ֮ɱǿǧٱ¹ѧԺϣȥ˶Ǿһģ͸˵ˡ
ǾһʮΪԺĳʼԺĴ½һγֵ񣬸û˿ڽ󻹻ųģҲΪʲôǰûǰ֪δͳߵݵҪԭ
ȻĴ½Ǻռ磬Ҳ˵ǵһֵ磬һڵʱ䣬϶ֻǰλͳͳδ½ʱ䣬лһƾö£Ƕ£ѾΪһ޷ȥصʷԪصģȻսˣ޾սңŻᵼγɣĻ֡
ȲЩ˽ǴǵȣѾͨ·ſڵĳӷˣȴеһǰδеĴ˵ǻþ
ÿһ˶ͨ·ſʱͬҲѿ˶ʮħľӷ罫еĶħջصڣͲҪԵԱˣΪſڣǳӷˣϣ׵Ϊиӿֲ鷢
˵ĻĹ֮ǲѤеҪǿĶΪʲôһ¶ûУ
ϳ忴ΧĿĽһַǳϵĿʯɵģڹǽϣһЩʮ־ͼģЩͼľԲȻγɵģȻγɵĻҲֻ̾һ䣬Ĺ񹤣Ѿһֳ뻯ľ硣
ӷû˵һ仰ȴϸķ˼š
ȻĹԲȻγɵģ˹ɵģֻҪǽϵͼľ֪һֹּϵͼģЩͼģ˹һһʸȥģ
ڹǽڵΧŲ׹ǣ˵ǰ׹Ƕɽ֮ǰ½ЩǿߣڱĹ֮Ϊ׹֮ҲɢΧϷѻ˺ܶ׹ǡ
ܺĹǰһôģڵһ԰׹ɵĹΧ˰׹֮⣬кֲܶͬķΧһĹ֮ҲûС
ʵΧûлĹ֮෴ĻĹ֮֮ǰҪǿĶֻ࣬ڻĹ֮УȻһһ֣ǳ࣬˵ǳǧڵһΧڹΧͣƶš
ΪʲôΪʲô
ϸͬٳϵ˫ǳĴҲˡ
˵ĹֻڻĹ֮ڣҲᱻȫɵģΧЩ׹һҪĴۡ
ǲںĹģ
ӷһ仰ֱӾ˵ЩԴ
ѽͲںĹôǴأ
ڳǸʮִŮˣҲ˵ǳӷһΪӷȻ˵ЩǶѾµЩԴ
ѵԹЩǿ
趼Լ˵ĻЩİ׹ǣ̵ʱҲѾ߰ǧˣǵȻ֮ʧģַܽʽΧͣƶ⼸ǲܵ顣
û֮⣬ûĽͣ˵ЩԴˡڿҪСģЩӵġ
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ӷҷŴЩᱻŵǰԼ˽
ʱ򣬷ͬʱȥܳӷǣǵǰҲۼ˳ǧѹ
ղſ·ֻǽĵһأڣǵڶˡ
ʲôһصڶصģڸʲôǼѧԺ˾ۼһ֪鷢֮ǰͲӦðӷˡˣԶѪģղǵֵĻԵѧԺļˣ飬Ѫˡ
ĹӦӵһֶص֮ܽ˵ȫΪãһūĴڡһ˴һΧЩΪūͻγһֱ˼룬Դ߽йҲҸղΪʲô˵Щġ
ӷ˵ֻ꣬һʱ䷢ű仯ǰγһΣңڸγɺȫʼƤ⣬ϣͻȻ·һ£ο࣬ͿȥǺܴ󣬵Ⱥ
˵γ֮Ϸ顱һͬһͻأ˵ͷһ޴Ľӡһֻ֣ƶŽӡżƣͷ·һֻ֣ǽӡסƵġ
ͬ϶Լ۾ǵ˫۳񣬿ͻȻγɵˣһֶŵĽӡ˶ʶǽӡƵġ
Ǹòǡ˵еķӡɣ
ӡ
֣֪һǴ˵еģǶΪһǿޱȵķ
ӷʵʲôǷӡ
˵ӡǧǰǳǵ֮һ
ǳǵķڰǧǰģҲ̫˰ɡһ㶼ţνķӡǸγɵ˵ģǾ˵ˣӦþǷӡˣӡȻڰǧǰǳǵģҲ˵ӡߣǰǧǰв½ǳǵǿ֮һ
ͬٳ˵ǧǰϻķ쳤ϡôܻϴκĹʱΪ𣡡
ϵûķ쳤ϵȷΪĹˣѾǵķ쳤ˣѾƣΪ˹ū
ӷ˵ŹǻĹֵ֮ūһֻūˣ


2025 ˻ū
û뵽ǧǰ¹ѧԺһϣȻĹĻūңƣӵеǧǰΪĹĹϵǧǰǿ㣬ܴӷı²
¹ѧԺϻᣬÿһϵͶǹˣȻֶӡĻūֻǰǧǰǷȻʶϾǾ˰ǧֳ꣬Ϊ˻ūòϣźܴĸı䣬Ϊǽӡͬϸϲūݡ
뵱꣬쳤ϵ뱾ǲµģ겻Ϊڱչصؼʱ̣صĻ³Ҳ쳤һΪĹһūɣ񣬾˰ǧʱ䣬괳ĳȫˣȴιʱҲٶȳ֣Ȱǧǰǿһ࣬ѵΪĹϵȡͬʱҲǸ
϶˱ūѹƵȥǻūҲûһ˼άģǸˣ˭Ҵ˹֮⣬Ҫȫɱ
ӷʱҪҶΪǻūȥλãǷǱߣūΧЩԭǳӷƶڳӷֹͣ½Ų֮Ҳȫ˷Ǳߣԣӷܿ϶ֻҪԼ˲ҶūԼ˵ģȻ֪Ϊʲôūķȡʤڳӷ綼Ǽ¡ӷ绹ϣлɱūЩҲԼ˳ͨأ֮ڡ
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ͬٳϼֳһūʵ޷Լ˫ʵˣ˵ӻ죡Ǽһѵǰǧǰ½Ŀ
ͬٳϻŸ䣬ͻأڹϷٴγһˣѾǵˣūĳ֣óӷ֪ԼЩվﲻҲܰȫūɵĲǶѽ
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ѽҪ֪ԺĹһγֽ֣һŰ˴ˣҲ˴ֵʱ䣬ٳӷ֪˴֮ǿߣԽһ֧Ӵľˣңǳľӣܵеľӣ˭濪ս˭ɵϡ
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뽫Щ߰ȫɢȥ
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Сӣ̫ˣЩˣѾ˹ſڣҲѾͷˡϽã뿪
ܣſˣûɲȥ
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ȲֹӷѾֳִ޵ĻūһֱסūĲӡ
Сӣ𣬲Ҫˣһ֣ͻгǧĻūѣ㲻Ҫ𣿡
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ӷסӵĻūû˿ķȻˣóӷеĪʲô£
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˵ģ
ϻôۿʲôûҲûǵǱ˵İɡ
ҸղǡѪǱҵѪ˵ģ


2026 
ǿĻūǧǿȻȫˣңǱѪ˵ģ̫ʵѽҪ֪Ǹղţӷ񽣶Թʱʹ˾űѪȴ޷κε˺ֻܽĻʮֵ
Ȳ˵ūǷϸͬٳ֪ǰǿ˶ٱеԪ񣬶ʮħֵܵסѪǣ˿˺ˡ
ǣūǧɻڷ֮ϣֲ֪߳˶ٱʣ񽣶ֵܵסѪūǧǿߵᱻѪأ
̫߼ˣ̫óӷĪˣ
ūȷѾˣӷ绹ܸо־ţ־ţֻгӷܸоĵˣͲ֪ʲô¡
ѾſڵˣͬڣӷǱߵһĻˣǶȥԼ۾𣿻һþ
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ǰε·ǳӷ翪ģȻ鶼ѾˣΪһ·ҲԼء
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κһ˷ӦӷֻһӰſڣˣѾ˹
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ѧԺˣҲų˽ȥո費ȫ˽ȥ󣬷¹ѧԺϣǿʼԥ
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ֹסͬٳϣ˵ȵһ£ûʲôرĶٽжǾܸӦ顣ҪЩСС


2027 ˴ͳ
νǿߣνĸ֣νǰνĳϣΪȥߵ׹Ϊһͨɹĵ·
һǿݣ·СʤһеĴ壬綼Ϊ̸ͷվ۷壬Цģûһ˾ӡ
ڣν˾ӣνӢۣӷм
һãһ֮ѡһ֮·ۣȴѡɱãνеЩһͳͳĨɱԼһͳ
ϲǰ棬ϾĹ֮ڣ˭֪ʲôǿ޵еĻĹ֮ͨ쳹صǿޣֻǱǿĻūЩû˿ȥ϶ԣֹסͬٳϣҪĻóӷȥԼٽȥ˽˹ڵٽȥ
ֻϧӷ˽Ļз϶˽ȥĻᣬȻѾˣǾԶĴɡ
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2028 ۵һ
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ʱ㣬ӦʲôԪһѽ
ˣڵĺļԪžžžꡣ˵ָǱ㸸ģʱ䣬Ӧǡһǧǰ


2029 õĻĹ֮
ֵһεʱǺļ꣬Ԫ˾žž꣬ȴ˵ֽĺĴ½ѾԪžžžˣҲ˵ֵʱڣ಻٣һǧʱ䣡
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ѽʱ㣬۽ռǰϴľش򿪺ռ֮ţľصСʶصҲǺܾãôһǧǰĹǿߴһ֣ǲܵѽ
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ǻ򵥣ʶصʱĿռȷģֻǹȥʱȷѡû߹𣬺ռռ䲻ͬռǿռҲᷢ仯ģ

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𻰸䣬ӷҲˣǰѪ֣ѪֱӴǰ˳

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һڳӷһһȥģӷ罫Ĺ֮ˣʵӷ֪ǶΪԼԼĹ֮иİնԸǿˣ
Ǳ˵ˣĹ֮ǲҪġ
˵СӣûȻĹ֮ҪôĹ̲컯㸸ף϶ð˺ܴգġðôĹ֮㣬ѵ᲻֪ҲŷǳΣ׶ӣ֪ΣջǾ˵Ѿϵľƻôģǽ޷ƵģҪ㣬ƾĹ֮
˵˲⻰ӷее㲻ԾԳ۵ԸǿߴƽˣӷҲ֪ģûĹ֮ӷҲܾǿĹ֮˵ʲô˵Ҫӷǿ󣬱ԼҪǿΪֻպһ۶ûմӮĴս
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ӷڿնٴοһ۵񣬼ӣתͳһ˹ȥ


2030 ѧս
ϸͬٳϻ˵ãڹĴŹر֮ҲѾѤֿٳһ·Ѥ֮⡣
ڣѾʧϳ˼ӷ˳ÿһڶ֪ô졣
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ܴӸղǷȥǿڵǣһǾǰȥضᱻΧµġ
ȷĹǰֵİ˴Σ֪ûκˣڽܻųġ񣬳ӷȴܳǾ˵ӷѾ֪δͳߵݣǶȻȫΧץóӷˣѯδͳ˭Ǹʱ򣬳ӷôشȲ˵ӷ粻֪δͳߵݣֻǼ񣬾֪ݣҲܸѽ
ǻȥƹЩˡ
ɳӷ翪·˸ڳӷ󣬹ūû׷ӷڹֿ֮ٳһ·׼·ȥ
ԾŴȻǳȥѾʧˣڼո迪·Ӧûġ
ѤڵĻĹ֮ͱȵھڵĻĹ֮Ҫܶ࣬ϹѾʧˣΧĻĹ֮ҲȻȻڼʱոϳӷľŴԿ·ġ
Ŵ¹ȫµӷ罻ϳǳȥ֮ȲҪǳǣһָĵطۼûصǳǸôӦһȥ
ӷȻҪȥſǱߣΪǱ߻мöӷҪõܲһ˺Ĺ͵õһǧǰĻĹ֮ɣ㣬Ǻ̫ˡ
ʵӷ֪Ĺ֮δİжĻ;Բ뷨ڣӷ벻̫࣬ҪȥüԼеĶ
ĹڣûκζǳӷҪģӷҪĶڹ֮ģɹ֮Ҳ˵Ļū⻹оǣūֵķ
ûӡӻ죬ޡǳӷҪģеĴ޻Ǽ֮ܵõĻȲ˵ģ޾ǼΪ֮
δӴ½ȸ½һͨϵȺ£ӷ
Сʱ֮󣬺ĹѾʧˣڴ˵ص巽Ҳȫֹͣ˻ս
ѦҵˣƼҵˣżҸҵˣѾǰϣڶڵȴţҲǱһߵϣϣӷһܻųǣڵ˰Сʱ֮ûһ˳˴ʧˣ
ӣǼСǸǰǿһ˹֮ڡ
ѾˣĴ½ǿʱҲ֪ǺãԼǰδܽ˵ûͷ񡣺ڣв½ߣҲûų٣Ҷ֪δͳߵݡ
ȻĹв½ǰĹ˵δͳߣȻǳǵˣֻҪܽǳǵĻǲ֪δͳߵݣ˵ķ֡
Ȼֱӽǳǣв½Щһֲɵӣͬ⣬ԣĴ½ҪһȫĵطҪǳǣǳ˭пܻδͳߣҪǳǲԼ
ϲ½ͷԬ飬ͬǰ˵£¹ѧԺķϰɣ
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û뵽½һɻţϲ½˸Ԭ顣Ĺĳ֣Ǿ춯ѽںĹѾʧ˵Ǵ˼ˣλԴȥˣǳǲдˡ
ﻰҵȱǳ˵ǲ֮ͣĹ֣Ҳǳǣв½һ֮¡˵ںĹѾȥҵȶǳҲѽǳĴѧԺ
鳤ȻǶıĽɫϸˣҲѾԬǻл
Ԭ飬ʲôֱ˵ɣҪתĨǵġ
ڻ֣ûǸҪˡ½֮䣬䶼ǵжԣڸûоԵİ֮ǰǲ׿սġ
˵ǳǵĴѧԺÿʮ궼һԺ䡣ɵǣ¸£͵ʮһʱ䣿
ȷˣΣ
ϲҪᣡʵ֮ǰͨǵļѧԺ쵼Ҳ˵£ǶǳǵĴѧԺҲĽĺܣǳĴѧԺ֮ɳͨǻѧԺȼѧԺѧҲμһǳǵԺ䣬Դһϲ½һʵ
ԬǴ˻һ⼸½ͷӦ˹
ԬǻǸȻ֪δͳ˭һһеǸǿߣǺĹһγ֣ڰ˴γֵһɣδͳߣһеܽǳǣǳĴѧԺٮٮȫϸĻ˵жϳ˭Ǹδͳߡ
ֲɵϣ᲻֪Ԭڴʲôע⡣ɵܾʱ½Ĳɻţ½½ͷˣҲȫɹ˸ϲ½һţҲֻ˵ˡ
Ĵ½ļһһ˵ϻ治֪ôܾ˼ԼǸһʵΪģѵԼв½ôСôһھ;ܾɱΪС£ʲô¶ˣķȥ鷳ʹˡ
˵ֻǸϣԺ飬ҪʹԺԺ
ϻ쵰֪жΣֱӽ¾Ͷ˹ǡ

üҲڴѽģǳϣ㲻ʲô˼ѽ
ֲҸҳڣֻܺƤ˵ķĻҲûܾɡϾһʵǶ֪£ҲϷһ˵ģһºƼҷɡ
Ƴһ⻰ûӰˣǺûӦԭأķķҲȫ
֮£ֻǴʱѧԺһͷʵǺƼҸҲʱѧԺԺԺˣ˭ʱѧԺǺƼҵȽء
ĴѧԺУͬˣһʲô˵
ȻĴѧԺ˶Ѿͬˣ¾лˡԺ俪ʼ֮ǰϲ½ѧᵽġȻģҲֻѧκϲ½ǿǰҲǷĲǡ
˵ʱЩʲô˹֪
Ƕ½Ҳһʱֻѧ
½ˡ
ұ½Υصġλҵȣиˡϣʱѧ֮սЩΪģǧҪֲźá
ִˣԭǳĴѧԺ֮Ĵ䣬ΪδͳߵĹϵĴ½ѧԺҲҪܹμӣһȫµѧ֮ս


2031 ʶŮ
ҹƽԭϣѾˮ˻巽ȥûһġ
ӷһ֮ԵıطҪȴżˣЩȻǱȳӷ뿪Ĺϳ嶯ˡ
ӷƽˣϳֵܣߣߡ
ʵӷѾϳȻҲط
ˣ˶Ѿ߹ˡ
ӷҡվ֮巽ظңȥˣʱĻѽ
ģβû⻹ѦѬǳͣȻȥ֮һŹġ
ѦѬǸŮ˱Ҫֻ̫ҪͱȴһʱڣҲǸÿЩʱǻҪ취ڻصǳǺ󣬸ôڹɡ
˴˿ȫųӷ磬ӷҲ֪ΪʲôԼԼĿУ֪δͳߵݣϾֻгӷһˣ˵ھ
Ǳ½ˣӷ籾ͲһģҲȻһѯʡ
˵δͳߵ˭
ʵĸо治ôӷҲϲֱʵĸо
ʱˣû뵽ȴ˸ˡ˵Ѿͷ֮ǰǲҪһ£˭ȵġ
ѽǳӷĻЩˣȫѾˣûлվԼ۵С۵ġ
ߣΪ˰Ǽһ˵ңҵãǼҲŶԡȻڴô˵һģҲΪ㣬ֻҪңδͳ˭ҾͲƽˡ
ϳ˵֪ӻ㣬ǰΡ
û£һȥ
ΪӾͲҶ㶯֡
б¾ͷҿԿ϶˵ոӷ֮⣬κһˣҵĶ֡
ѽ裬Ĵ½һУǸ̫һǵĴڣǱ½֮Ů֪˵ǳӷ磬ˮ£ڲɽʱҲѾʶ֣ûʤ㡣
ˣ˵һɡʵѾͷ˵ҲûǶǹͬģҲǰһѣҲǰһ򣬵ڣһȻô֪δͳߵݣҸ㵱Ȼûġ
Ȼ˵ֵܣܸı½ѽ
δͳ߽в½ڽͳߵݸ裬ϢȻᴫ½ȥв½˵һôûС
ӷɲãв½ʲôõģѾһһɱңһǱδͳѽ㵱ҳӷɵ
ȻӷҲܿ϶δͳߵʲôˣպܳΪԼˣˡ
裬ʵӷһ㶼ڸὫϢر½
ڸ֮ǰҪ㿴һ
ӷ絥һӣ޳֣ҫ۶Ŀ
ĴޣղŷȥΪ
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˵Ѿͷ㻹û꣬һμʱ㻹
ɽʱҵı㻹ҵĴޣȻҪ
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ˣҲû㽫ռΪУֶһ㶼ںҲ㡣
㵽ʲô˼
ҪûǼķͱӦҵȻҲȻģȻǸһĹδͳߵݣȻ㣬ͬʱҲڳÿһˡ
вң
ѽв㣬㲻ͬĻڿˣⷨұ֤Զò
ǸˣδͳߵݣԼķʵǳҪȻҪֻȴӦӷˣȵõ˷֮ٽϢȥ
ãҴӦ㡣ʲôʱ򽫷ң
Ҫҵ飬Լıˡ
ӷɲһʱ䣬ʵǸˣӷҲᷴڵģǳӷһ硣ҸֲѣûʲôϵΪʲôҪŵ
ʵҲǣ
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ϳ˵ѧԺѧǻһе϶ѧԺԺŮˮ£ˡ
ȻڴʽʶˣҲ֪һ¡֮䣬ѣǵˣ
ӷȫɱڵȴһ𰸵ͬʱҲʱɱ˵׼
˵˵ԼΪˣǳӷҲԥģȥ
᲻ΪΪ֪Ǹ̫һȴĵˡ
̫һǵˣӷ̫ӵҲǵˣͬġ
Ҵ绪ǳ̫һǵжԣ˫ʵ˵ǲ¡һҸңżңѦңҲϣȴƼҵĹϵС
ӷɲ˽Щ£ȻȻ˵ͷ
˵ĵˣҵѡڣԸ⽫ǵѣȻԸ⽫ҲѵĻԺҾͬһϵսˣ໥֮£Ҫ
ⲻѵĹϵ˵ĹϵӷҪѧԺˣԻҸƼǳǵԿѦҡ
£ҪҴܾ֮ûȨ顣
ӣ룬绪ģҲǻҵļ̳ˣֻǲܣʵΡ
һв½һУ̫һ֮⣬ǻˡˣ츳̫һϵԪأҲû֮洫˵̫һΨһĲ̫֮ͬһҲù洫˲£ϵԪأͶ̫һ
ϵԪأ
ӷ粻ɵһǸ̫һǸʲôʣԼʱҲǴӹתڰٴӺڰתѪģͬʱӵԪأǼǲܵ飬Ҫ֪Ԫأ໥ƵģԪͬһ壬ǻƴһѽ̫һȴûУǳΪв½һеĵһǿߣ
ҲҪκγŵֻҪңǻ᲻Ϊˣ
еԥܱ֤ˮȴ˵ӷҲۼʶˣǻңʱҪԸ̫һ׵Ķˡ
΢΢˵ͷ˵ܱ֤Ҵ粻Ϊоǡ
ǺãڣǴҾˣ٣֮ǰѡھͽδͳߵӸǡ˭ֽ
ʱ˭ֽѽ취ɡ
ӷ翴˿ΧǰԶһƬƽأǰھеĵƽϻ˳
ӷ籾ǻĸ֣뵱Фѧϼҹ¶Ժʱμӹϱĸְڳӷ֮֡
ӷ续֮˶ãغϳһȫҡͷ
ǸŮˣ
ԣǸŮ
û
ĴѧԺУû
УҲû
ûСԪǴģ˵ûУ϶ûС
ֵܣ᲻ˣˣǶûѽ
ûڡˣ϶ڵǣϻȥ˸ҳ˵ĹһҪܣκ֪ر¹ѧԺĳϻᡣ
Цɣ˵Ҫôǳ˵󲻴˵СҲԲСѽһͷûУҪȫˣʲô𣡡
취Ѿ뵽ˣһ˰æ
˭
˼һÿһϰɣֻҪܴľУʮ굽ʮŮȫͿСѰҵķΧˡ
ǻϻʲôϻȥ˼㣬ݣҪͨϲǼ¡
𼱣ڻȥɲ֪ҳŮ֮ǰǶҪ
ȻǱǲȫģҸ޼Ҳȫˮ¸룬궼סڹѫ˵Ǿûһȫĵط
¹ѧԺ
ӷ綪ĸ֡
ʲôѧԺǲ뻢𣡡
Σյĵطȫġȫ¹ѧԺ˷ûڹҲ벻ȫ¹ѧԺġ
ܲܶһӰɡ
Ҫҵ˺ֱ˭ʣ˵ڹһУȫˡ
ǣʧ⣬ǲ̫ˣ
٣ֻҪҶ˵ûô
ɡڣϻȥ


2032 㱩¶
ɫܿӷҲ֮ǰǱǳǣһѡΪΣյĵطΪʱص㡣
Ȼڻ޷϶ʲôʱվȥûδͳߵ֮ǰӷЩһ¶档
¹ѧԺӭȫµһ죬еѧҲһһ޵Ŀγ̣ϺĹֵ飬ѾǴȫǣϧǣĹˣŶѾĹһʧˣлųˣҲȺĹ´γֵʱܼЩ˵İ׹ǣڼͲ֪Ҫٵˡ
ϳͨѶϢķϵ˼˼֪ӷ˻ţҴӺĹҲеʮ𾪣ҲȫµĴѽԺĹһγֵֽ񣬴δ˽ܻųģһ漣ͬʱӷҲһƹΣ
¹ѧԺһĵ´ڣ˼Ͽûעʱһͱϳס죬ȷ˼֮ŷſ
ںڣ䲻Ҳûκεĵƹˣʱ˵Ҳǧ꣬һЩûõ֮⣬ʲôľС
Ƕû°ɣ
˼ûһھʳӷôӹģûδͳʲôݣֱʳӷ˵İȫƾһ㣬˼һֵŵѣ
ӷ˵ϳҪĶûУ
˼һɫİóֽʣϾϻĻڲݵϵģ޷֤Եڣ˼ʸֽȫ˹ӷȫȫĽδͳߵĻ
ʮӣѾˣһòʱʻģ˿һ۵飬ͲҪڶۣÿһ˶ļס
һŮ۾ͦıһźԵĺ룬ţŮ룬ûУϾ̫СҲûֳ̫Ůζ
˼ˣڵھĵϸһ£ûм
˼񣬷ǳ棬ǳϸĿһᣬȻҡͷû
ҲûҲûǾ˵ŮȦӲûеȳ̶ȡ٣ĴѧԺˣӲκһĳԱ
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ҪҳҪ֪ʲôˡҪģ취ȥʮ굽ʮŮȫĳ£֪
Ҫȥϲѣѵǲ֪֪ھϣרԱ𿴹ܵģⱻĵġ
ǾҪıˡǼ£һŮݱй¶˳Ȳ˵ǳ߻᲻˶Ĵ½᲻˹ɱġ˵Ҹռǳǣ˲Ǻ⣬Ҳ뿴̫ߵ鷢
ʵӷĴ㣬ǾǣδͳΪãԼܳΪͳĴ½ĵһǿߣԼ񲻳ΪĻĻʵ𣬾ѧһѵʱĽδĻһзʩ
Ǻã취ڣ˸ҳ
ˮ˵ûôʱ䣬ֻн죬ڽ֮ҳ
ҿɲܱ֤
ʲôӡȫǶǸʱǱҪȥڶϣӦò̫Ϊǵġ
˵ûǶˣҴ̫һأϣҲһս
ӷ֪Ժ䣬û뵽ô죬졣
˼˵ȻҪǻҪ׼һҪӡ
˵Ժ䣿ǶѾ׼˺üˡ
ѾԺˣΪ飬Ժ䣬Ѿܱ½ѧԺĴ䡣
ʲô⵽ôһ£
˼ķҪ˵һ飬óӷ˷ǳԾû뵽ЩһΪҳδͳߣȻôһ֡
ӣǲҵδͳǲݵģڴûҳҲ취ġŲţڵĳѾǵǱڰвˡ
½ѧԺٮٮȫۼһ鷳Ϳɴˡǵ£Ҫĵһֱ졣̫һûоԵİա
ӷǼȫ裬ڱ½ѧԺҲҪܹμӣ裬Ǳ½ѧеٮٮߣΪԼЩ˵ľ֮һġ
ңǵǱ½ɵȻǲܽеٮٮȫɹģҲѽһһеٮٮ߸˹ȴǳǣʧɾͲһˡҪ֪һеǿߣκһ˵պĵƣὫԼպĵɹ⼸Ҳһġ
ˮ˵˵ûĴ½Ҳɵһеǿǳǵġû´ĻһһЩǿߣѧμǵĴ䣬ǳѰδͳߡ
ӷ˵ʲôǶܿƵġģڽ֮ڣδͳҳĶһӲ̣һҪȥҾûܲȥǸʱѦѬҵ˼δҲ뾡һа취ɱҵġ̫һҲأǾעҸ̫һӡ
Ȼ춼ҪȥμӶҾڽ֮ڰϸɡ
ڽһڣӷ缸˶û˵ÿһ˶ʱʱĿ˿ԺϸĻţԼǰûмеŮ
裬һĶųӷ磬ԳӷĴޣ־ڱصõģǲɽЩﲻҪǼķҪȥ
ֱ賿ʱ¹ѧԺѾûһѧ˼Ҳʱ˴ңﻹźܶϡ
Ѿ㵽ˣȫʮ굽ʮŮһǧ
ǧȿҪˣֻҪмѰǼ¡
ӷ˽еȫ֮ȴûôһŮ
ôûأֵܣ᲻ʲôҪ
û˻ɳӷửżٵĳΪûǸҪ
ȷŮΪʲôûУֻһϲȫڶˣͲǳ֮ڡ
ʲô˼ǳ֮ڣ
˵ԭͲǾԵȫˣҲôһѣЩûϵģһ㲻ǱĹ¶Ǳϳȥط˵Ĳڳڣ˼Ӧ˵в½ˣȴͲסǳǵġҪ֪в½֮Щκ˶ûȥģҲ
˼˵סڳЩԻ
ûܶԻǿΪõģǸͲסڳģҲԼ޶Լʱڴ½ĲͬطΪġ
Ǿĺ鷳ˡ
ӷ˿ʱͻȻһǿӴ⴫˽
ӷһ˵˼ʱ˸ˣ
ৡ
һֱֻһŮ˵˵ҪţҲ˺ǵġ


2033 ǿ
һŵʽľɫճڴңŶֶׯ߹ƽ׽ˣû˿ĴģΧһֻֻɫө棬䴢
ӷȻҪģصǳǵ£ֻ˼һ֪һ̫֪ˣǶȫǵǿߣʺĹеĵ֮£Ǹʱ򣬳ӷ˶鷳ҲֻҪһϵʱ䣬óӷǳ֮ءͲͬˣȫǵĶ˶õԪЩԼֺ󣬹ںĹ֮£ͻкܶ˽Ӻ󣬳ӷȻҲȡһʱӦԣһ㹻׼ӦԣڣһȫǿΧ£ͻֲ
ԣŮ֮ԻֳᷢӷˣΪ˼Ĺϵ˼ùʱ˸ˣⲻܹ˼Ͼ˵ʵ̫ǿ¹ѧԺˣûĴڣ˼پͺˡ
ã˲ûʾĵ⣬˵Գӷ˶ֵġ
С㣡
˼ˣӷҲˣû뵽Լ˵ĻǣŮ¹ѧԺݸλɲѽв½һǿߵĹŵӣϻᣬžصĵλһĵĻǾͽֱӾϻǱߣӷҪǲܵ¡
в½ΪľǣҲòϣǵȷŮеŮˣһԳΪĴ½ĵһŮǿȥҲŮ֮еˣ˵Ͳ󣬵ʸ˵ʵϵǧˣ
ӷյ۹⣬ðв½ֻΪǰŮˣŮ˶յĵطҲֻգ֮ǰںĹ֮أѾˣȴûֱӳȥԼİ⣬ʱҲһҽʲôģ˵ģҽܣǻ治ϣΪǿ֮һĹŵӣǵ۹֮ߣǿ֪ġҲҪ̫ˣҪģֻܸӡˣҲǸ˻ֻǸҲ˵
ӷ粻ɵĿһۣҲڸʲôôȥǣǰһվԣżƣʹҪڻӷתˣ
ǿգ˫֮ͻ׹һ׹Ҳֻһţû̫ľٶ˵ûɱҲ㡣ǿԷģҲûж⣬ӲὫǲڴ˵֮¸κ˵ġ
㷢ˣı£Ϊ򴨵Ĺŵӣܴʲô˵ӦýԼ˲ڴ˵߳ϻѽѲɣ㻹Ŀ
δͳݣһȤûСֻһ˰ˡ
䣬ÿһ˵ɨһۣ󣬽Ŀ˳ӷϡ
ԺĹһγֵڣ֮ˣǿôĵزܻųġҿǼһҲûУԪ챻͵Ϯ˶ˣֱǲ˼顣
ǾȻ֪Ԫ֣Ԫеܳĸо
ܽĹȫ˵ģΪĹϵɣӷ硣
֪Ԫ죬֪ӷ磬ÿһˣǶ֪ģ
С̫߾ˣǿߵֻǸСӰˡ
̫ǫˡ÷ΪҹңҰ㣬Ϊǳǵ̡
ȷܳӷ籾ǿһôĵزǳǣûһȨƵģܳΪӷ̣ǾѦǣ֪ǵݣɱ˼ҪߵĶ࣡
Сĺ⣬Ȼǲ˼ܾġҲţϵڱĺ¡СԸң룬ҶС˵Ҳһôɣ
Ǹˣ˵ҲûҴȥܱ˵飬ܶѦҶҹңƻҲҹңϣվǱߣͳͳܾˡ㣬˵ң٣˵㱾Ҳõġ
ʲôӷ֪ڿɲܵ͵ֱӵϻᣡӷܸѦǼҶŸɣǣȴܸϻŸɣΪɾ
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ǿһյˣ˵沼˽磬֮ڣ˷ֵġ
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ֻʣˣʲôֱ˵ɡˣϲתĨǵġ
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ãʲôֵܵסĹ֮𣿡
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ӷ֪Լô˵ǶòţΪԼ˺Ĺҳˡûнȥ
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ҵȷеҩκεơ
Ȼ㶼ѾһˣҾ˳ɡ
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ȻĹ֮˺ƣƾ͸˵ˡӷ磬ʽΣ
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ڲ񷶦ڣȷвƵĵҩΪģӷɲܱ֤Щҩܲеѽ
ңǵӣһ˶ûУһҲڣôҪôƵҩʲôãߣǸ˭ã
ӷ籾ѪԪȥ̽һǵСģ̽ӵֻǵҪû˿£ΪǵɱȳӷǿĶࡣѪԪ޷ȥ̽һ˵˼ѽָҲֻܻٵһ˵˼룬޷̽ӵġ
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һ룬ǳǣʲô˵ǱǸ߼ģžǳϻЩνϣҲǲɣϾв½һǿߵĵӡѵǡ
в½һǿߣ򴨣ֻŻ˵СĽҵҩҪһ
ӷһЦܣ˵˭˶Уɰʲôв½һǿߣϻĻ᳤ΪĴ½ֽǿ֮һôܻˣʲô
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䣬ӷһԼüģŵҩУ˵ţȥ԰ɡõĻٸ㣬ûõĻٰƸõġ
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ϳǽ봢ңʵ˵ʲô
أ˵ӷȻǶģܽҩˡ
ûʲô˵ҹǸ棬Ǹĺòϣξˡԣᱣǳȫġ죬˸Ϊǣ


2034 ޷ԦĻĹ֮
עǸӣǳǵĴӡ
ȫǶϣۼȫеǿߣֻҪ㲻ǸϣǶʸμⳡӮȡҪԪ
Ҫ֪ԪҲҪģ˿һ졣Ԫ·ǼңԶܶһӣԪԼǿһ˱Ƚʱ˱һϾԪһָԵԼ֮ϣֻҪԪԽǿ󣬷ӳԼҲǿ
Ϊв½ȥǳǵȥÿ궼ǲרԱȫ粻ͬĵطռԪռԪĹ൱ѣ൱ΣյģÿҲܶˣΪģȫǵԴߣμÿһȵԪʵȥӮȡԼԪ
ȻÿһԪǿӮȡģҪԼԪزУһһԪߣȴȥԪͽᱻȡʸΪԪԭͲṩÿһ񣬷ҲͲҪԴķʽȥˣ֮£ȥ˵ԪȻὫ߳ȥ֮ڣûʸμⳡ
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ѵ˵ǰ㣬ڵ˶ʮƽѾû˵ǵȿʮ֮͵ǵ͵Ļһǧǰͽ˺ĹôںĹδֵ½ȥģоǸǿ֮Ľָʲô
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뵽Щ֮󣬳ӷͻȻ뵽ĻĹֿ֮õĻĹ֮ǿһôĵز
𣬽Ĺ֮ųҪһ
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ⴢڣ¹ѧԺһһ㶯¹ѧԺ˸ӷ֪ԼܴҪϳȥһȫĵطŷġǳǣûбȫĵطˡһ룬Ǿֱӽ񷶦ɣڲڣһĹ֮
Υ˵Ĳãһжǰһûκε𣬳ڰеϹ⣬ûǵʱӡ
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ӷ˫ͳ϶øͬʱ˳ӷ󷽣һʲô⣬Ĺ֮ƻԼĻ޸ٶȱҪ죬õ޸͸ϻĹ֮ƻٶȡ
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Сӣ𣬻Ĺ֮Ѿˣڣ㻹ͷųѵĹ֮𣡡
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Сӣ죬ٽСûĹ֮ȥȻֱƻСģã޸
ôᷢ飬Ĺ֮Ѿ컯ΪʲôǿҰԣ޷ȥԦ


2035 ɫС
Ĺ֮ϳӷС룬ǿĶӷ޷赲ôʱҲеȫڳӷȫ˵Ĺ֮
ϧǣĹ֮ھͬһӷͬһƬ޾ĺ󣬵˺֮󣬺֮ܽһҳ
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ųӷڸղŵǳըӷڣȻһʵ棬Ƭޱ޼ʵģһƬڣдǳҲ˵һƬڵСڳʯ
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ӷڵƬ棬ɺɫȻתһƬɫһƬɫ棬ңƬɫȻ޾֮𽥵С޾ٱΪһƬС棬ⲻƬСɫ˸ı䣬һɫС棬Сڵȫ˽ɫ
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ô۶ûӦĹ֮Ҳʱȫ˳ӷĽɫСڣ˿̵ĳӷ磬Ѿȫ˹ղڵıըӷͬڹŹһȦȻûзκεĲҽʹ࣬ʹӷȫĹͷȫĽȫˣڣȴֺѾӺˣɸӷɵʹʱ޷

ӷһʹǴڵģӷûѪûΪղŵڱըڻڵʹҽ
Ÿ̫ǸˣȻڱը
ӷǺٿģɴʱ˿̣ò
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СӣһС棬ǰûʲôһ
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˵СӵڣγһС͵ռ䣿Цɿѽ
Ҳţʵˣ򣬸޷СΪʲôɽɫģСڵΪʲôͻȻǿôࡣ
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2036 䣬ϰ
ںַǱһǰģǰǽΪ߾磬Ҳ۷ľ硣
˵Ϊûе߾磬ӲҪȥһںϽСĻǾ͵һԭֻܳڵĵۣһ²ʮڣĻ۱Ȼǳܲסģµţ
ڵĳӷͺñֻܳڵĵۣʱںһСĻ͵ڲʮڣӷȻǳԲģôصĺӷԼ
ڤ磬һ磬Ϊģռռ䣬ֻһռ࣬ռҲܴںռҵһ磬ҲҪԵġ
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ѵΪɫСĹϵΪĹ֮Ĺϵ
زô࣬ߣ֪ᷢʲô£ӷڿɲܴڴңҪȥҸĹϵв䡣

ӷˣѾӴңҹС
ҹеƣǿǿ紵ɢҲڿٵıԲӷ米Բ£ڵӴ󣬽⣬Ѫ⣬⣬ֹâͬһʱȫ˳
⻷ڳӷһͷһţƶţⲻǲķʽķʽ
Ȼĺ£ɫСײʹĲ䣬ĳӷ籾ΪҲڵ֮ǰǿʮʮϵ죬ϵڰ


2037 ʼ
Ĺ֮ӷСнϣʹӷԭɫС˽ɫһıͬʱҲĽɫС޷Ԧӷ˾޴ΣգҲΣգ
ν󣬺ܶʱΣʱֻҪһһʮֹϵľҲͻһתһκ˶벻ת
ӷ粻Ըڤ磬ӲԼһڤںϽɫС棬ǲڤ类٣ӷҲܵвǺӷ粻ܲô۵ľ棬ӲǽڤƳ⣬ͬʱԲһѣ
û뵽ɫСײȻ˲˼Ч
ۿҪĲãȻʱʼ˲䣬ͬʱҲʹĳӷȵĳӷ籾ΪҲ϶죬˵ڰ졣
һͻת䣬ôҲ벻ģ͸˵ǳӷˡ
ǿϲ䣬Ѿҹеĳӷ磬ͷ˳ͬӡһƵģûоǳǵκˣֻԲ֮ǰһӰǵӰ𽥱ֿٵıСػ֮䣬ӷѾǳһߵĴ¥֮ȫɢֹâҲʱΪһ壬˽ɫĹâڽɫУִѪ֮ɫ
Լϻδȫʧĵӷ˫ȭһգʱ¥֮Χȫ˵⣬Щ⽫¥Χڳӷûз֮ǰûи¥κε˺
ڵĲ񷶦ҲѾβ˱仯ãı֮ǰҪӴһ࣬Ȼõβû̫ĸı䣬ӷᵽøѾǰҪǧϰٱǧֹ
õ˵޸ڤˣ֮УҲ˺֮ܶĻ磬Щ磬ȫõģϲУĸԪԪͬʱ˵֮УӷԺУҲһصڽ̳ӷδһȫµ硣
õ޸óӷΪ̾һӣڤ磬Ѿ˳ӷС
Ѳպռ䡭ã޸ڤ磡
ʵӷ޸ڤˣϾһεľ֮սʿĹϵ¾ڤ类һ롣˵ڳӷɱ̫ӣưռ󣬾ڤڳӷѾһ򣬵ҲֻΪӷɵģһڤ糹׷ſߵʱںСĻڤ磬ֻһľڤ硣
ȻѾˣǳӷ㹻İգڤ糹޸ãһһ񷶦Լ㣬޷޸˲Ļ
ʱ֮䣬ڳӷ󣬳˲ãһڱСľڤϣֻڤֱ˰򣬵䣬𽥵޸𽥵Ĳ仯һľڤ磬һ򣬳˳ӷС
ľڤ磬ľڤ磬ĵһ硣ֻǰڤ磬ǵҵ۷֮Ҳֻӵаһ
ӷ¶˷ܵı飬磬ǿóӷ̾һǿվӷ綼޷ȥֵڲͬˣӷ籾ΪѾڰ죬ڵʱͿԽ°񽣵ĻʮڣԸһսˡ
ڲ񷶦ӷ֪ô۶ڵһ£Ǿڳӷ޷ΪϹϵĳǿ֮ǰһʹ˲ô۵ܾͻᱻǿ߷֣Ǹʱ򣬳ӷ綨Ȼ·һġ
ӷţǿ߼ȻһǧǰԼĸ׳۴ƽ֣޷֮ܳǰ֪ôѾص˺ռ䣬Ҳʲô鷳ģԣڿʼô۸ͲҪ̫ļɻ䣬ֻҪ̬ǿ߼ɻĵز̫⡣
ȻɻĹ֮תĽɫС棬ҲΪ˳ӷֽһ㡣Ҫ֪˵С棬һģǺɫģҲǿΪһġӷĽɫСȴͬǿɻĹ֮͵ģɫСڵȻǰһȴǰ˺ܶ࣬ӦöǻĹ֮Щˣǿˡ
ӷֻҪ˳ԦɫС棬ôЩ磬ʲô磬ͲҪŪռȥѰһ磬ɳӷȴԼһ磬ŴһǰᣬҲҪģҪˣҪָġ
ռ֮ǰ˵ھڤʱ򣬳ӷѾ˲ٵڵУΪģպ񷶦䣬㹻ȥ磬Ȼܱ֤ô磬߰˸ǲİɡ
ڤ粻ǿߣǱӷڵ֮ڵģ㵱ʱΪ˾Ȱ׾ãҲǳ裬ӷľ˲ٵĻ磬Ҳȫľѽ
ڤѾȫ޸ˣɫСѾֹͣСܸоĵɫСƽġڣڤջأҳӷ磬һ硣
øͬʱ˳ӷ޸ȥ죬˵ˣ֮ǰеİɡ
ɣãҼʶһ£ǵĴʼã
Сӣô״ġ
δ䣬ӷѾˡ
һһѪãڽΪһڣã˳ӷϷ˽ȥ
˿̣ڳӷǰͻһƬССĻ磬ӷ罫еȫ˽ȥڱ޸ͬʱһԲιȦѾ𽥳ͣ
ɵһССȫͺ󣬶򣬳ӷʧҡҡͷΪӷܸоϣһƬɳĮɳĮʲôûС
ʲô磡ڶ
ӷɲҪ磬һöûУԼòȻҲҪţֻԼ鷳ȥֻᱻ˷֣ںĴ½ΧͻȻһ磬ֶ顣
ӷ絥һգֱӽһδˣѴ֮գ֮䣬ʹݻһ硣
ӷҪڶʱȴ֣ѾֹͣҲѾʧˣб˵磬ģûлԪС⣬ʲôûУ
ô£ռĻأ
СӣҪģ̫ļˡΪռǵ磬ܴ𣿱㣬ռǵҲ͹ղŴǸѡ
˵ʲôǶ磬ֻܴղûõ磿
ȻΪأһǿôôѽô׵Ļãռڣֻһڤ𡣡
ѽռ䣬һڤ⣬綼ǿԭǵʸ޷ڤǱǿ硣
ô˵ҵһδѽҸˡ֪ôֻܴһ磬ǾҲҪţΪѽ
С̫ļˣ㱾Ҫ㣬ҲѾ̫ˡˣھȲҪΪķˣǵռ㹻봴ɣʱָ㡣ҪģϰѽɫС͸ԼС涼޷ԦĻӺζһսôȥ򣡡
ѽԼС涼Ԧˣ̸˵Ǹģ죬̫ӵһվӷ綼ҪԼˡ
ҪȥɫСѾ̫ˣΪɫѾ̫ҲѾͬʱڣһŽ
ãŽѵȫǶϾҪʼ𣡡
Сӣѡ񣬵һװƵȥڵЩˣڶװӵĶȽɫСˣȫԦٳ֡
ڶܣ̫һأѦѬЩһﶨŹϳǵģҲϳȥôˣԼȴͷڹ꣬ⲻǳ硣
ȻˣǱֻ˵ףˡԼȥɣôҲҪϢˣ


2038 ׼
ĴѧԺѧǲҪȥѧԺģҪȥΪͬһطǾǶеĵص㣬ǳǰĹ㳡Ϊ͹㳡
ںŽʱҲ͵ڽȫǵ𴲣һһȵĶʼκ˶ⳡʵΣֻҪܲμⳡǾлõԼҪԪ
Ȼ˵ⳡ˵ǳҪܶǿǲмμӵģҲΪһԪǿߵȥЩߣЩѧʲô˵Ǽ֮£Ǻûӣ˻˵ĵġ
⣬ܶĳѧԺ쵼иλ쵼һЩͨͥĸĸӲȥԼԼѧԼŮԪÿһΪˣϣԼصõ࣬ǿԪҲ£ÿһȵĶ̫֮ˣ֮ⳡϣǲݸͣܶ˶ǳأʹĶֵģȫһˣҲһְ׵Ϊٶɡ
ӷ粻һֱܹȥϳһȥ
ӷҲ֪һԼ˳֣ڴʼ֮ǰһңЩνǿߣʳӷ˹ںĹĵ֮¡ҲڣǴӦӷ磬ڽ죬ԺӷҪʱվΪӷʱ̡
һİĵطһزĵطһʼͽ˲ٵĳУ˵ӷ綼Ҫһʱ̵̣ԼЩͳͳѹ򣬳ӷ޷ǳվȽŸ˵Ҫ﷢չȥһȫµˡ
ɫŽ죬ϳ˾Ѿȫ˯˹ڳӷûκһֻ֪ǼӷӴ߽ϳ˻Ϊӷϸʲôȥˡ
ֵܣû±ܣΣء
Ȼǰ˵
û£ֻһȦѧԺڵѡ
Ȼ˵ʲôͻȻӷǵľǳã죬Ǹһ̥ǵĸо
ֵܣе仯ѽ
Ȼĳӷͬ˸ǿĳˡֲͬȴ޷˵ףʲôͬĵط
ӷ֪ԼΪѾ˵ڰ죬۷ֻһ֮ңˡ񷶦ҲѾ˵䣬ɴСĹ֮ϣʹԼСҲ䣬Ȼǰͬ
Ϊ˲ñ֪ԼܣӷѵģǲͬϢ˵Ǹ첻ͬϢպã˵ֻ˯һõѡ
Ϊ˲ϳǶ룬ӷ˵ĺŽǲǴϾҪʼˣ
ûŽǶļŽǣŽһ죬ҪμӴˣȫҪһСʱڣϵǰ͹㳡Ϲȥɣˣⳡɾûʲôˡ
ⳡ˵ʵӷûκεȤԼҲûκεĺôǳٴѪԪԪأǼûм
ɲôӷڿɲԼһˣϳǣӷ粻ҪԼǿԼߵҲȫҪǿ
ⳡϳǼ˵ܰǶôԪպԼߵҲǿ
ʱֱܹȥǰ֪Ǹǻ᲻ô֣Ϊв½һǿߵĹŵӣЩνԪܻڻϢУԼȴ˹ȥʱ˭˰Լ˵
˼ڻҪæ
һ˼Ҳû뿪Ҳһ뿪Լᱻ˴ţ˲ҶôһһԼҲסѽԣϳһõѡ
ʲôҪҰ;˵ɡ
ѾӦ˰ǣҪȥμǶ̫һҲأҪԵģɲЩνǿ߸ϣ¹ѧԺĵһѧԣҪǵİȥһǣ˵ھȥˣϸϹֻҪңҶסģպ鷳Ҳȫ
ǵȴڣʲô鷳Ҫӷģ㣬ֻгӷԼ
ãȥС㡣
˼뿪˴ңӷ˵λ첻һһһ̫һһôĴڣôﶼҶȴһ֪ԣܻᷢʮִĳͻǸ̫һ֮䣬չһսʱϣĺǧҪս
ʵⳡҲǳӷ̫һ״λսһսʮҪҲעӷǳǵ·ôȥ
˵ӷˣϳǶҪùɳӷӮˣǽӾͺùˣϾӷѾ¹ѧԺѧˣ¸µĴ䣬Ĵ½ѧԺμӣǳǲɵӣȻҪѡΪܳѧ֮սЩһĿΣв½ǲģֻҪѧڴ֮ǰǳǶעκ⡣
ϳ˵ֻҪѧԺҲǵ鷳
ѽˣ첻ֻһ̫һ⻹ѧԺĻˣǳһеٮٮߣѧԺ̻ҲӷˣǳӷҪͬһʱ䣬̫һνѽ
оǣڣӷ綼޷ڽɫС棬Ҳ֪ɫСҪôʼնеĻʣӷҪȥЩˡ
ϣڼ̫һ֮ǰɫСܱӷԦɣȻ鷳ͻ
˵ģѧԺĵ̫һ̫ӵôϾġ
̫ӵˣ¹ѧԺһ̫ӵ̫һһҳӷͬһ
˵ô̫ӵ˭Ц󣬽һսʮֹؼӷ磬óǵʵ֤˿¹ѧԺҲ̫һˡ
ӷֻ΢΢˵ͷǼ˵ԸԼӷȴȫǣ˵̫һˣԼǻѧԺô룬ǽľУͲ̫һˣԼ
˵ǰ棬һսֻԸ̫һһôѧԺˣǾһ֡ҷֵʱôѧԺжǲľٶǾͱҶǲˡȻԷķʽ룬ҿԱ֤ͬʱʵ壬Ҳܵ˺
ȷӷȷһЩκ˶벻飬硭
ˣ˵ʲôûã̫һһӦѾ͹㳡ھ͹ȥɡ
ոҲⳡϷ䲻ǳǵˣܲμⳡսľġ
뿪֮ǰӷ˵ǣʲô뷨
ʱûУûеôá
ŶĻ𣿡
ò⣬Ը⡣̫̫߰߹󣬶ңʱҵĸоͼ
ӷһյļЦȻͱҴ󣬵ȴһһ仰ұҪ˵ˣ
ӷ׵ˣûһǳصģͬʱҲûһǳӷֵŵġ
ţֵܷģҲǸգʲôʲô׵ĺܡ
ˣλʽս̫һʱˣЩ˽ǳһôλãͿһսˡ


2039 Ͳ
λǳǵλã趼ǳӴΰЩǳǵҪȵһҪϺü
ΧûκεػΪźܶ˸ÿһ䶼УЩӣ½ļϸҪǱĻʲôط룬һʱ䱻֣Ҳڵһʱ䱻Χɱ
ǳڣûκ˻ɵȥģΪǸɱûģǿߣ㹻ͨ˵أҲܶĹǹأһ֣ھͻ̼䣬ϰǿߣκɵģô߸Ū
ؿڣǳǹ˸Ҵǰİ֮⣬ȴһǳĹ㳡Ϊ͹㳡㳡ϣκ˶ɵɢȴκεĴ򶷣Ϊڹ㳡м䣬һ޴ĵһ˵ĵ˵ȵǰĹ㳡м䣬Ȼһ
֮ǧܶ˹̻ǣ֣֪ǧǳػߣɼȻѾ˵Ҳ˵ǧѾˣҲΪǧΪǳ¹պսܼʸµǰĹ㳡ϡ
̣Ǻ̼ҵˣһ˼ȣҲǴǳɱǵǧǰȻǲֶܶŵģӴ˵ؾˣԾֹͣ½Ųǧĵ
ǳÿһȵԪض͹㳡УǧĵǰУҪǧǰ֤ǳǿ
Žȫ٣ŮŮȫϵ͹㳡͹㳡Ҳȫ֮һˣʣµģûļ㳡ģֻڹ㳡֮ۿˡ
Ȼ㳡ǣܶ඼ǴԼĺǰģЩˣҲкܶ಻μⳡԼ
ȫǵ˾ۼһ־ûսϵǵƣеԴߣҲɢһ㳡ȫ˽ǿסˡ
ÿ궼гԾеģĴѧԺԺļоˣҲȫǰһ֡Ȼⳡ¹ѧԺĳϻԭǲκһϵģΪĹв½ֹ´˻ڣͬ϶û뿪ȻͱţҲۿһⳡȫԵĶͬϣгڵ£Ϊⳡĵһ֤ˣЩˣλ֮
մĹأĵص͹㳡Уȴڹ㳡һڣҲʱóģҲںܶǰѾƺõģǧĵǰһǵı־ֻҪǽעߵʯͻ̳֡
Ž𣬵ѾüСʱˣʱҲѾϰ˵ˣٹʮӣʽʼ
ΪһûκƵĴҲûвߵҪμӵģҪڽ翪֮Ҳʮ֮ǧĵǰȻԷ֮ڣ˽֮ˣ֣ͻԶΪһʯ֮ϡʱ佫ʮӣҲ˵˰˵ʮھͻԶرգʮ㣬ʽûϵģֻܵٲμˣ
λϣʱѾˣλϿ硣
ǰ˵
ԭⳡӦֵģȻڲڳڣͬΪˣǾΪѣһⳡɡ
ϵɫȥǲãӦĹɵģڣûȫָ
ȫˣԼõԪΪαûѦҵˣһѦѾͷ𣿡
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ѦҸͲںԪˣѦѬѾͷҲֻոֵģѦ˾һ壬ԪȻǲġ
ԱߣĻдỵ̂һҲ
˶֪ϺƼҸѦҴһҵĹϵͲãѦȻûкûġ
û˻ʱںĻѦҲûһô˵ô˵
ҵļ˵飬òΪӵ飬ŶѦ˲ɡǶңǲҲ
ģûϻӼҶû»ãһ£Ҳҵһݡ
Ϸ򻹴δ˵˿ԽĹų飬㲻ˬھͿԶ֡
ͬ
ˡ
һŭ˵Ҳʲôӣ壬ѵ뵱ȫ˵ǰֲɡ
չŵģҲʲôˣˣǹżûʸ
ϲѦҸңǹżңұһǿ׳ǳ˭֪
˵ʲôȴ˵ںƼСӵ飬ȻôƼһġ
˵ڶûϢܸǺƼʲôһ̳˵ѵΪһôܴ򷢵
˵̫һأ
طϣʱ˵̫һԺǰŻصģΪ飬ԺѾ˱䶯Ϸ̫һǰˡ
˵̫һСһǿһϷ뿴Ƿʸɱǡ
һ̫һʲô
Աߣ˲ˡ
ɽ⻰ʲô˼
ҵĻɽҲǻĸס
Ժļǲǲ̫áϽĹģɻһɽĶӡĻһҶƽʲô˵Ҷӳ£ҶҪôżңҸѦңһһ̫һһеĵһǿߣ浱ҵĻǳص𣡡
ѽǳǣɲһ̫һѧԺһĴ硣
ͬٳ˵̫һǳδĽϣҲҪ˺Ȼϵ飬ǷϵǾ仰ǳϻᣬһġ
ҿͲ˰ɣһ룬ûô
绹δ֮ǰ㳡֮⣬ͻȻһ漴ͼ⣬ӹ㳡˽˵֮ǰǰ


2040 ǳ
ͨˣܻۻʱǿǿߡžǿ˵ۻ飬˵ǲᷢģΪǿߵһ˵һۻһΣһҲͽˣڶԵеʱۻʱۻֶв
ڣڹ㳡ϵˣûһڶԵУĿǰδԵУҲûһӦ㳡ϣôԼۻۻˣǾƲֲǲٹȥɡ
ո裬ڹ㳡ģҲ˵ܲμζģμӵˣ㳡ģվڹ㳡ĵˣȫǳǵˣȫμⳡģҲ˵ո⣬ӷ缸ˣȫѾˡ
ˣϣĴѧԺ쵼ͳͳԼ۾
⼸СӣĹǼ𣬲ѦѬҪɱǼôܻôܻ뿪Ĺ
㣬ӷ磡Ȼû
㳡ϣһӦľȻѦѬѦѬһģȥԼ۾֤ԼĵʵĻԼΡ
Ȼǣ⼸СӣȻܻ뿪ĹǸ漣ѽ
ܣôܣ˾Ȼܻ뿪Ĺǿǿ߶첻ѽô쵽ģ
ȫ𾪣ɺƼҸңȴǸ
ǰʵǲ㣿
ȻѽԼڹŹתһȦ˵Ǽû뵽Լĸ׸ռԼֱӿ
˵ͷɾôһӣѵ˸ð䲻ɡ
Ȼ㣡ôӺĹģ
⣬ȷѻش𣬺Ȼ˵Լʲôǵˣɽʵ룬ǵôģ
ѽأ˿Ի뿪ĹĻǽͽд·ˡ
ҵļͬϣĴѧԺˣȫȻǰһ󺰵ˣϷ¡
Χϰ˳˹ӷ缸˸ŰΧסЩȫѦѬˣҲȫˡ
ȫǵˣѦѬ֪Լö֣ɼȻӷǻŴӺĹˣҪǲܵ顣
Ȳ˵ǳǣв½֪Ĺڵھĵ񵽵ʲôˣ֪ˣӷֵ֪δͳݵģҲԲܽ⽫δͳߵݸй¶ȥ
һʱ뵽Ҫһ㣬Ȼһ£ڻûȽӷ缸ͳͳ£ٱйδͳ֮¡
˭ҡ
ڿɲˣԼҵȫԼкƼҵżҸҪ֣Ǿ;ܷɡ
Сӣӿ治СܴӺĹųǾҪҵһ
ðɣѾϸƼҸҽˣǳӷ⼸ˣҪǽ

ӷһЦ˵ʵڲףЩνǿߣΧǼߣʲôҪǸһ¹ԺҪǸʲô
ӷ磬ͷģǹеĵݣӦΪɣ
ʲô˵Щʲô
ȻǾͻطϷ㶮ġ
ҷŴһ㡣ԺǸӣΪԼĺ˲𡣡
ȻָŹֱӿϻ쵰ңЩҲڲںĹɥ󣬻ŻˣôԼȥѽ
СҲҶϷ񡣡
㵱Сүô¹ѧԺǹżҵСү㣬СүѧԺˣǻҵˣϲģƾʲô˵Сү
ܲôˣ֮ǰ֪ᷢ£ԼҸǹѦҵĹϵҲãҪֵĻǾͶְɣ˭˭ѽ
ȻҪ֣ǶҪϳӷһ𣬻Իɽ˵ף˳ӷǣȻǻزˡ
ɽһ⻰Ѿ˻˼
ڣǻǼӷҲ֪δͳ˭ҪͿ뽫ͳߵݸ˭ˡ
һҳԱѧԺԱ
ɽһ£ҸѧԺȫΧ˹
ҷѾżǶŸˣԼҲѽһԼĶӿҲеġ
ҺƼҳԱʱѧԺԱ
Ҳһ£ʱ֮䣬壬ѧԺȫһ𣬻ɽҪʲôֻҪеӵˣ
뿪սǰɣѵǹżһҲɡ磬ټСͨСȸϷɱӷ磬С˱𡣡
ǣүү
żҸ¹ѧԺʱȫͬ鶼ѾˣҲҵżң¹ѧԺ㼯һ
ĿǰƼҴʱѧԺҴѧԺԹżң¹ѧԺ˵ڲ֮䡣ż֮ǳǵгԣǿߣȻǰŹżҵģѦҸżҵĹϵãһѦҵϢϹɣƼҸңҪ·ˡ
ڣΪ¹ѧԺϻϣվκһ¹ѧԺˣʵϣҪΪв½ǳ롣
˫Ǿ͵ǳǵһս˫֪δͳʲôˣⲻҪĴ½˵ԼǳڲѾĲɿˣ
޼ѧԺǱߣһûȣҲƲ㶯һ봦һϾǲԵһ㣬޼ѧԺҲĴѧԺСһҡ
û뵽δʼǳھԼ˴Լˣ֪ܶеԭ򣬵ҲһЩ˶»
ӷ磬Ҫ
ֵͨܵĿֻ꣬гӷ磬ǸͲлӽӷģȻֵǰһλѧѧã¹ѧԺʱѧԺûҺȻֵҲҶҴ򣬼һŪһſ˴򣬳Ӷš
ȻʱѧԺĵһѧǺƼҵļ̳ˣһ仰ʱѧԺѧȫ¹ѧԺ˹ȥ
үĺȻҸǶŸɣûҡ̫ӵҴͷ˸ҽʱѧԺΧ򡣡
ѦѬһŮ˵ȥ֪ͨҸף˵ϽĹǼСӾȻųˡһ֪δͳߵݣںƼҸѾ뽫δͳߵռݡҸϵӹ£ССûõġ
ǣϾȥ
ѦѬѾ֪ͨѦˣŲ֮ѦҵоȫظϵСкϷˣ
ӷⳡ棬һʰ浽ǸزԼΪ˺ˡҷԼǲԼ䵽żƼҷ棬˺ȻİԼ֮⣬ǱߣҲǲδͳߵùż֪
ЩһûǺûɫΪԼҵ档
ٲĻѦҷһǹеìܣȫָң


2041 ѦҾ
͹㳡ѾҳһţΧЩȫ˳ϰף壬ѧԺϳϻϣһ˭ȥѽȻ˵ԶԶģκ뿪Ϊⳡ֮󣬻һأ
ӷ֪һڶԼΪһɱ߱ץõĶ󣡻ѧԺҵıȻһ˾ʱѧԺƼҵıϳԪСǳǳģֶ¹ѧԺѧϳ廹֮ôһս֮ڣһùģȻǳӷˣոռǳǣ¹ѧԺͽżҸңѦҸˣǽ˺ܴĳޣȴڣܲΪһĿꡣȻΪҪǣ˶ӷǵһĹģҲ˵ӷӦҲǵһ֪δͳݵģ
ֶԼԭ˵ӷӦת˵ģǣһӷˣϳԪͳΪشĿꡣӷ粻˽ϳԪȥȫǵǿߣûҪˣ򣬳ӷҲˡ
ӷҪֻҪ£һǱƽ˫ӷҲܲȥֻһϵԱʱ䣬ǸϹڶҪǸ֮ǰԦԼĽɫС棡Ͼδͳ̫ش󣬾ˣܱӷ粻Χ˭ܱ֤ⳡսл᲻ʲôΣգżǻ᲻ʲôķʵ嶼ܵ˺ԣӷҪٶȥԦԼĽɫС棬С涼޷Уһжǿ̸޷ӵ£˵ǻδֵ̫һֵͨܶӦ
ԣҲʶԡⳡȫ˶ŵģҲ֪ⳡֻһθսˣĴսĺϷµԺϣʱĴ½ѧԺҪμӵϢѾȫǣһʱǳԼ˴Լˣʣ¸ȥӦĴ½ѧԺս˼ѧԺӦˣǳǣֽʲôԼЩأ
ϸͬٳͬʱм䣬ʱͽ赲
ȫˡ
һŭ¹ѧԺѧѧԺʱѧԺѧͳͳˣû˿
żңңƼҸҵҲʱȫֹͣÿһˣŶԷŭ죬ðɡһ˵翴ѾĲ˳ˣͳᣬһȫŪ
ͬٳ˵Լ˴Լˣѵôúܹ֮´˶½ǵĶУǲҪµĴˣв½ᱻǳЦ
ϽӻһһȵĶǳһǳҪӡҪû뵽ôȻսɺͳ
ʵϼӷǵĳ֣û´ʲôҪ˵ǹµģϱҲֽ֧ӷ£û뵽ᷢչ
ӷСӵʲô£Ȼúƣȫͷ˵ֻ֪δͳߵݣǸͲҪѽԽԵ˴ؼȥʣ֪
϶Ѿʶһǳص⣬⣬пܵδǳǱķѣǾǼ֮Ĳ͡
˵һΣˣȫ˺󣬰ȫ
ϾǳϣȻ¹ѧԺĳϣ˭֪¹ѧԺĳϻᣬ¹ѧԺȫͬĴڣ˵¹ѧԺĳϣ˵ǳǵĳϡ治֪¹ѧԺżҵ˼ӵĵ£ȻЩ¹ѧԺôꡣ
ˣȫϵˣӷʱҲѾӷ֪ǲ׷ŹԼģΪ룬ǳǷսѾˡ
ڿʼҵ˽ҵȥСӣ¹ѧԺˣǾӦվ¹ѧԺߣȶ󣬱ԻὫ᳤᳤ʲô飬ĸԸ˵δͳߵݣͬʱҲ˸֮ĺ
ղŵѾˣƼҸҶδͳ߻ǹżǼˣͬʱżǼҲδͳǻҸƼҵˣ£Ѿ˼壬ѧԺδǳϻĻ᳤٣⼸壬ѧԺ֮䣬ϵģҲᷢ飬ֻδͳߵ飬ΪǼ֮һǳõĵ߶ѣ
ӷ˿ֻҪǲ֣Լʱˣ
ڵҽɫСϣԴˣнɫС棬ҽԦ
ɵӷһɫС棬ȻɫСȫɢˣóӷΡ
ӣɫС棬治üԦѽ޷ԦС棬Ǿǲҵ鷳Ҳ󣡡
ӷ绰䣬ͻأһ漴һ˵
ϣͬٳϡ겻ɺ÷񣿡
ͬʱڹ㳡֮⣬Ⱥ֮⣬ĸͬʱ˼նĽŲ
ˣȫתȥֻӹ㳡ĸͬʱ֧ӣÿһ֧ϰˣ϶ͬĺɫװͬ
֮УһӰ£ڿ˹㳡ĵİա
һͬװӣϵĻɲѽѦѬĸףҲǳǾеĵڶѦӡ
ͬ϶еΣսżҸƼ˫ֹû뵽ѦҾ֮죬ŶѦѬѾͷ˻ȥ֪ͨģѦĴӶɼ˹һֱ˸Ѧӣ˾ӹĿѾˣ
ϳ˵ֵܣӣǵ鷳ˡ
ʲôˣ
ѦѬӣڶѦӣ
ӷ絹˿ģŮԼأӹˣѵŹԼɡ
Ѧңһ壬ھһ壬Ҫɱ˵ĻƾǳϻᣬҲֹ̫ɣ
Ԫ˵Ѧӣ񽣣ҲѾˡ
ӷ糯Ԫķȥͼ߳һһѹͭİ񽣣λ
ĵڶǿ߸ǿ߶ˣģѦԼѦҾڣװݵģ
˿̵ѦѾأѦѬܵߣֱӾָųӷ˵ףСӡǲѦΪУ˺Ĺ֪δͳߵݣ
Ѧӿ˳ӷһۣѦѬûָǼҪȳȥӷ˵ġ
ǣ֪ΪΣѦڿ˳ӷһۺ󣬲ûκεĶǵѦѬһۣ˵ѾͷμӶǵġ¡
ѦѬһίӣҲҷֱӺ
ʲô磬ȻѦ󽫾ˡ
ЦӭȥѦӶˣɼѦ֮ǿȨ֮ӴϻᣬҪ֣


2042 ɨҶ
ò˵ѦңͦװƵģ첻ΪδͳߵϢˣѦӾԲֳϣȫĶѦҸûҲֻѦѬһˡ
ԷͬʱѦӲһɻ䶼ûУʮַŵĿϵЦҲʮֽӲͲǷĵЦֻװĶѣ㣬ʷͬῴ
ϻᣬв½ΪǿĴڣȲ˵һǿ߰򴨣Ƿͬվ㳡Ѿ޵ˣѦһǰӭӣ֤ѦǳǵȨƣû֮ڣǳǵ壬ʵˣģܲκһȣ˵Ѧˡ
ʵǳǣв½Ѧңһϵļ壬ϵļֻǹţƣ̣ңѦңڽ֮ڲŷչģҲǴӾзչġ
˭ѦҵѾͳǳǵľأв½ػߣ˵˼رĴڣͬг¹ѧԺԺ⼸ҵү⣬ĳǿߣȫھȻҲҪųϻᣬϾϻĴڣ˵ǳǵһΪⳤϻᣬͬǳǵġ
սڲƽʲôطʲô磬ֻҪס˱ȨǾϵȨ磬ڶѾˣߵȨҲͻ䵽ӣܶʱҪ£ͺñһίǣܵطϵ侯һսһ֧侯ӵǰһίǣͲʲô
Ѧӽǿ˳ӷһۣûκҪԸӷĴ㣬ҲΪݵĹϵɣԣ˵Գӷֵ֮ĻԵ̫ʧˣҪ³ӷ磬ҲԶ֡
ʲôģϣͬٳϣǶλѵڳڳѽӦʲô磬Ƕλ˲ǡ
ѦѾԣҲе㵣ġ
ԣѦһΪ˳ӷǼѦңҪһʱ֪δͳߵݣϸղż֮Ķţ˵δͳںƼˣǽѦӿҪɱˣͲʲôսսģں涥ţǳ壬ѧԺҲ⡣
ͬٳϲһתֱ˵ѦһһȵȫǶôѦңֻһСѾͷȴôѦҾĿģȻĺܡ
Ȼͬٳ϶˵ˣѦҲͲתĨǣֱ˵Ȼλ֪ĿģҲͲʼʱˡˡ
һ£֧ӣȫĳ˹
ǼСȫȥ
ͬһ£ѦӵǣҪǿƵĶֺ࣬ʽץˣͲҪκ˵ͬ⣬Ҫںκ˵ķԣ˭ҪǷԣǾǸԼѦΪУΪУǳӦûô󵨵˰ɡ
żȻǲǱǸѦһģѦץסˣǹżҸҲץסˣ
ЩѦҵƴ󣬽еļȫ˰ɣѦû뵽˿̾Ȼ˸վңվ֮ȴǺƼҸңҲɵѽǱҪ̴ǹżǣƻ֮һսģѦңɽһʱ䶼Ĭ
ƼҸҲ˵û˵
Ѧ֪ΪҪץҵѣ
˼ͻȻ˹㳡ڣȺ֮ڣӷ缸˵
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ѦҪץʲôҲܣץ˵ĵطе㲻԰ɡ
ʲôԵģѦҪץˣѵҪѡطɣ
ĵطץû˸ҳ˵㣬үˣץ˵ġ
ѾͷҲ̫˵ɡ
ѦӣŶԡ
˻һ𾪡
˼ǲǳԴҩƽ˭ܿܺģӲԼۼ֮ȥ۸κˣκ˴Сġɽ죬ȻѦ˷⻹̫߳ˡ
ѦѬŭ˼Ҹǿ㸸׵ϣŲƽϵġɱҪ
ߣҸ׵ӣһ£Щˣûиӣ
˼һָǧĵ˵̼棬ȻҴ֣Ѧӻҵ̼ץҵѣһˣѦӣĻ˼ͷȫǵˣôѦָ
ǧǳǵĴӢۣ˭˲֪˭ﾭҪǧģ˭˲Ѧһһòûв˵ȻǧĵǰץˣعλΪв½¹պսʿ
˵˼⻰Ѧ治ɫʮѿ
˼̼ѹѦӣѦӿﲻ̼ҵ浱һ£ϾЩˣȫ˵ǰѦͳӣҲ̫֮¡
ѦѬ֪鷳ˣ˼̼ѹˣȫеľѹˣԼĸһʲôᣬӲҪץ˵ĻǾͻȫһǳӡ
νߵ£ѦյĿʲô֪ˣ콫ȫ˶ŭˣԼѦҵӴڵòȫ˵֧֮£Ҳûõġ
ףڸô죿
ѾͷȻһס˽죬ץǼСӣƾͲˡ
ѦֻǶһѣ֪δͳߵݣԼߵģУǽ鶼ýǺƼǷģǾͳ֮ԼߵðδͳߣºҲ취ƽĲ
Ѿͷ쿴ϣҲᶯѡѣҲֻϼСӶѣճСӣҪˡ
ѦӸͲ˼Ӧֱӳӷȥ֮ȫڵء
ǿӭӷһĻ磬ȻͻȻϮԼĽɫС滹޷ԦһһԼ鷳ʹˡ
ڣӷ鼱֮ȥнɫСʱɫСȻ΢΢һ¡
ӷϲû뵽ؼʱ̣ɫСȻˣֻҪˣǳӷͿԽҽԦס
ɡ
ӷȻһǿһ⣬ȴѾ̫ˣѦѾ˳ӷǰ
ã
ӷû뵽ѦӾȻǰ񽣻Ҫǿգ֮ȡԼԼĽɫС棬ȫԦ
ڣؼʱ̣ڳӷһƹӷ磬ֱӹѦӡ
ʲôˣ
ѦǺôѽҵѣҲҶ

ӰѦϷѦӶоһǿѹѹ֮ǵصϯ
ɨҶǣ


2043 ʼ
ĲӰѦӵϿճ֣ϵתתʹΧһľתΪ˿磬ϵĻҳͳͳ
ԪأԪصԪΧеϢȫۼΪһ塣νĿɨҶʵǽΧһȫݳҶˣվסţǷͬϣȥ˵ȵ϶ǵֵסģ͸˵Ѧˣ
ӷе̾Ȼ֪ǿΪ򴨵ĹŵҲòǿ벻ǿ˵زɻڷ֮ѽ
һŮˣ˵ҲѹֻΪ¹ѧԺرˣһֱǶ¹ѧԺûʲôøУ˵ǶԹżǼûкøУΪ򴨵ĹϵҲԲ¹ѧԺġ
νѡ񣬺ܶʱ򣬶ǹغ󲿷˵ȫӷǺһǳǵѡǵ˵žŸϻᣬ֮⣬ûκεǣ˵һ͵Ĵڣκһһѡ֧֣άһˣǸˣͽõıӣͬʱҲóӷȥһеĺ֮ǡ
һϸӰǿѾӰн
ǵĳ֣κһ˶û뵽ģŮˣʵʦû̫ƽﶼǺٳֵģν¹ѧԺرʣʵҲֻǸͷΰˣͲҪȥᣬȥκε£һլŮ㲻뿪ĵطϣĹٶһγ죬ǵڶΣ٣ǳǶΪģûб뿪ǳǣǹû֪
С㣬Ǻ⣿
ѦǣɲܴǾӣģȴǰ򴨣ľǾٶʮ޷ȥһв½һǿߡ
ѦӣһһȵȫǶЩ飬ȻܣʱԸҵѣҲԲͬ⡣
ѦҪץóӷ磬Դ˵֪δͳߵݣȴͻȻ֣˵ӷѣ㳡ϵˣȫˣ⡣
λСΪ͵ҲûйκѣӲκ˽ӽͺñһ֮ϵŮǰңɼû˸Գѡ
죬ǾȻվ˵ӷѣһ˵ѦӣѦҵү٣ҶԳӷô
˼Գӷ˵ͷʾӦûʲôˡ
ӷȻҲҪԼǵĹϵǵмһԣӷվǵߣ˵С㣬ҿλѦӦڸҿЦģͱŭˡ
ʵʱ޵ģˬѦѬû뵽ÿζɱӷʱӷ綼ΪֲͬĹϵþȣΣԼĸ׶ԹˣɳӷǱ߾ȻҲðһǣѹֳӷԼѦΪˣҽһʲô̫ӵ̫һ̫ӵ֮УСӣ̨ѽ
һ룬ѽǸӷһģôϣΪʲôְӷ磬һҲûѵ֮ϵԭԭǲʶӷģȴΪǸԭǲòӷ磿
ѦѬǸȴֽթյŮˣʱͷ·뵽ʲôƵģ˵ףǴӲκ˽ӽҲûκлӽѵ֮һĹϵ𣿡
Ů֮Ĺϵǲܵģ˭֪ǱᣬɹȴѾǸǧˣΨһĿܾǡ
ǻɣ򴨣
ûǸôˣȫǶ֪˵лӽЩĴ˵Ǹһ鶼ûеŮˣŮˣԲԵ޹ȥӷСӵģΨһĿǣǵķ¡
νѦѬΪѦӸӲˣ˿̣ӷҲѾѦѬ˵Ļô˵ӷ˲ͬŲôϹĳӷ£һЩ
ȻԼˣҲ΢ӵĻ̫Բ
һ̣ӷһκ˶벻ľٶ
˵㣬ϾҪˣȥ»ᵢѽ
ӷһִֻǵļϣһٶѾ֤ӷǵĹϵ򵥣һ䡰㡱
Ȼʼ𾪣˭˸ȥǵļ򣬳ףˣǲ
ǲۿųӷ磬ӷҲǺʵôĽÿȴԵĺܷڵ˵ѦץҵĻҿϿʼɡ
ѦѬʵףСӹǵĹϵ򵥣ϵҲ϶йأǸ¶£˭֪ǲʲôֵܽõġ
СӵͷСѽ
ǽô죿
ɱ
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ҪôɱǱ¾үүҲδشĹǰɡ
֮ڣɱʱһ鷳еʵ磬ڵķϣǸʱ㿴׼ʱСӳ
ѦѬѦӣţԼĸ׾ȻҪԼڽڻɱӷ磬Ȼõİ취ôʵ磬ڵķأⲻѦѬģȻѦ˵ˣİ취
ӷǽǸŮĻķǳڽڻɱԼãǴͲҪ鷳ôѦҸŮˣԼ¡
û˵᳤ʲôʱ˸ӣ
ͬٳʵ
ϺȻиͬٳͬĿӷղŵľٶֻܡ
δ˵᳤չһǧˣһǧûأոµӡˣǲ֪ܲ
ǾǸСӣʲôϵ
ȲЩȻҪСӣҲû취СǸѦǼг𣬸ҲûϵȶٽСӣδͳߵݸ
ʱѾ˽磬ǵ֮ǰһԲͨڳ֣ͬʱͨڵԱߣһ޴ʯӵϰεضǧ֮ߣʮ֮
λǶӣʲô£ȴ˵ڱʽʼߣԶڵǰϥԸԵķ磬ڴ֮󣬱ߣȻԲߵķԪҡ
ϼѦҲ׶ӷ磬Ǿȿʼɣܲȥˡ
ܶˣѾ˵ǰϥһķǵʵڷɳ˽磬֮˵֣Զʾʯ֮ϡ
˵Ѿ㽫ǸסˣμⳡͽȥɡҪǣڽڣɱҪΣյĶ࣬ܲܳǾͿԼıˣоǣĵҩһãٸһЩ㡣
İɣҳ͸㡣
ӷϳʵûп̫һ
ʱûг֣һֵġǻץʱ䣬ȽɣѾкܶ˽ȥˡ
Ǻãھͽȥ


2044 ѧԺ
㳡ǰѾ˵ϥʯϣҲѾ˵֣ܶ˸һ룬ѾˣʵѣʯϵʧⳡЩ˵ֻǴ͵ģһԪûõͽǵıսˡ
ʵЩ֮ˣÿ궼УʵֲĴѧԺˣֻ뿿ÿһȵĶŪԪǿΪкܶˣڷ󣬶һصĵطлԪкܶ͵֮ǿ͵ԪģЩˣ˹ʺˣܵõԪҲ̫ãͷᱻЦ
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ʯֵ֣Ѿˣֺ࣬ҲЩԪٵģǱ˶ȥԪֱٵ֣ͻ½Ҳ˵˭õԪ֣࣬ͽڵһλ

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Թʱ˱仯ԹΪһС͵ĳУС͵ĳڣŸ¥ãĽ˵ǳеģﶼУȴһû˵ǡȻĴѧԺѧ֮⡣
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Ӳûõģ֪ʲôֻǷɢΪ֤򣬶ᱻһټģ


2045 б
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ӣһЩ˼ɻģǻܴڵڣһûļ壬챻޼ѧԺЩѧȻ޷ҵҲΪ޼ѧԺĹϵһ޷ԼԼҵѧǻʲô
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ãϹȥѦѬЩһȴ޼ѧԺʰǡ


2046 ޼ѧԺ
ӷ˲ûиʱѧԺѧԺһ𣬶ĸˣչ˵жڣӷ˵ĵһĿҲԪˣⳡԪĴȥƴһɣӷ㣬ȥԪ絽ʱֱӴӱ˵һҲͽʡ˲ʱ䣬ȥˡ
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Ҽ̳ˣأ޼ѧԺĵһѧ


2047 һУ
ڳֵһλǲҵļ̳ˣ޼ѧԺĵһѧء
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Ҳûʲôֻ뿴㵽жͣȻԻ߳Ĺ
֪жͣǿ֪ģ磬Һǲˬ
Ŷ˻Ӻ˵𣿡
֪ϳȥˣȴܿǣֱңɲҪңϳ
ӷ磬˵ǲҸҶ𣿲һΪˣһ˵һġϳ壬ȻԪˣһһĻǸͲҵĶ֣֡һе鷳
ԭ鷳ǲ㣬Բűܿǵġ˵ҲǸ֮
ȻѾˣҲ˷ʱ䡣ھ͹УֶΡ
˵ղʮѧܵķѵ˰ɡҪû֮ǰȹء
ӣôòƢôһ㲻ĵѽ֪ԼҵĶ֣ҪҵùҪ֪޼ѧԺ˿ɶأһˣǿǼûӵ¡
ֶ飬ǶѾϰˣҲȻϡٷϻְɡ
ӣ첻úýѵһ٣֮ҪϳˡУֻҪܽӵУӮ
湻ŵģֻҪؽУʵǿ
һС
ʲô
仰ɲǲ˵ģǳӷԱ˵
Ŀұ󣬵Ȼһ£ûյ£ӷ綨ȻųȿԣȻųˣȻа취ְֻ취ġ
˵ʲô
ųӷʵ
˵ܽӵסһУӮ


2048 ʵǿĻ
̫һ֮ΪǳһеĵһǿߣȻ̫һ˵ʵӦڲ֮䣡
ӷСû£һһн㶨οڽɫС޷УʣӷôֶΣһоͽɵ
ȻνһƵУڵĳӷ˵ȻǴţƤôݸģǻǲأӷ˵ҲΪӷ˵󻰣ϾһܻŴӺĹ߳ˣʵǲСӵġ
ҪΪ޼ѧԺЩȥѧһ˵ʵⳡУʵ˷սⳡǺģ˭ʵأؾʲҪһԴ֤Լ֮ʵࡣ
ʵǳǣû˼̫һ֣ЩˣѾˣҲȫǳǵĵˡһֱ̫һǸѧԺĶ󣬼ȻʵʵȻǲܵչֳģԣ¹ѧԺѧԺҪ֮⣬ǳǣûۼʶ̫һ
ڣؾҪһ£ûд˵еǰֻҪ̽˻ǾҲͬʱ˽⵽̫һʵ¸µĴ䣬Ҳһİ
Ҹ޼ѧԺٲҲǱڵļֵȼֵҲǽ֮ϣҵһЩѧ˵Ѿʧϰɣ˭ܱ֤ûڰͼˢӵġ
ǣȻ˵УֻҪܵסоǲӮⲻӲأͬʱҲҸ޼ѧԺ
νʿ벻̡ŭһ춨Ҫƴһ
˭Ҳû뵽ڲԻʱԱߵĳӷȴͻȻһ䡰һС
νһʲô˼
ӷŻ˵ֻҪܽԼһоӮֲƣҲҪս飬ԵģӷڰŲأǲҸ޼ѧԺ
Ҫ򣬻ȻǲµģʱȻڱչأ׼µĴ䣬ǳ飬ǳӷѦҵ£ǺĹ飬һԣԲһȥԳӷ硣
Ϊ¹ѧԺˣȻ޼ѧԺͷе˵ȥɡ
Ǹı֮෴ܶ飬ڿ˵ģ͸֪뼸ӷһĹһ֪ӷȹǼȴⲻ˵³ӷ飬ǲӷκεĹϸ𣬵ʱǵѣͲǳӷһ˵Ȩˡ
ҲһҪֱӸӷ򣬻ϻ˵ǳӷ޼ѧԺĻȫͬˡ
ӷ¹ѧԺѧԺ޼ѧԺѧԺĹϵûùڣӷȴ¹ѧԺ޼ѧԺĹϵҪ޼ѧԺԸԼѧԺˣ˵ʲô˵ӷĿĵģĿĻǳԡ
΢΢˼ɲΪӷʲô˾ӣһԴһֹʶĻǽ죬ùģɾԼˡ
ӷ翴ŻˣҲʼ࿴һʮֿµļһĽ·֪ˣʲôʱýʲôʱˣǰյĺܺáطսԴԵи㶨ӷ緢ս޼ѧԺʱǻҪ֪֪ء
Ҳµ˳ӷ⣬ȣǵ࣬Ͳӷĺ˵޼ѧԺ飬ò¹ѧԺ֡ӷ磬û£һȥ
ô͵ѽȴ
أôŵѽȴͷƵģˣͳɲ˴£ӣ£޼ѧԺңҲֻܵĳȥģҵļ̳ˣ˵ˣǸıʵķϲ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦܲǷذɣڿҪ£ǲңܷѽ
ȻҹҲĹˡôְܶɡ
Цһصǲм˵ʵˣ˿᲻ȤѽԳӷ˼Ȥ
ȥɡ
Ѿˣһƴ˻
ǣǼһ𣬾ͽظʮԶԱ޼ѧԺ˷סأ͵ڵˡ
쵰Ҫ
㣬䡣
ıһ䣬ǿޱȵͲȲٽǿѾػ޼ѧԺȫڵء
ʲôʲôھԵʵǰͳͳǷ
һУСֻҪӵסӮһ˵һԾŶ
ǽһΪ𡭡
ʩչһ̤ǲһ֮߸λߵӰʱ֡
ԽǺܾǰˣĲ˵˼ײҵĽΪʵ⣬޷ЩĽӳԻʱκˡ
̫ˣҿо㹻
Ͳڲص˷ʱ䣬ǿڵৡһϣ䣬ȻһȥʱµĲȫˣڵϮȥ
Ԫء
ǸԪߣͷųĴԪȻԸ

ӷһѵνǳһǿߵʵһȥȻգҪ֪տǳһõ޷볬ǿߵУͨǿУҲ֮صġ
񣬻һȻյڲ֮䣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
һӵǿ̫һأ
ӷĵļһԼĽɫС޷У̫һʱһԼָ


2049 ˣ
ԵģվȻڲ֮䣬飬ǲ˿ٵģֲÿ˶ӷ磬ʱضܽ˵Լã
УĵڶУһȥƲؾҪǣС汻𣬿Բص˵ϳһ˶ǵвģֵܵסһ
ʱǳӷ£ҵʱֻҪܾ²أòصⳡʹսᣬǲضмģҲһ֪ӷһⶼûУܸǲվͬһϣ
ǳ˭֪ȻǼѾվ˳ӷߣӷվڲߵĻǲҸƼҲܳΪһϵսѣ⻹ҪһǣǵȺ̨ǳǣв½ܵѽ
صȻҲķصĲ㣬ܴǸɵܶʱ򣬹Լ棬ҲܷģֻҪܰﵽǲҵģҪʲôԸȥϾǱżǼѹôãҲΪѹƳĬôáڳĬбĻǾֻڳĬ
˵ǧǰһεǿ߼֣ǧһεǿֵʱ̫ݣʮ꣬ʮ֮Ҫȴǧʱ䣬Ҹ;εĵȴҲ´εǧ·ϣѾˡ
ӷվڲصһܿ϶Լ²غãҲͲù˼ôˡ
ҵС޷Уڽһá
˵ˣ˶ǳӷԽ˵ΪԼõġ
ڣӷҪ»һ
Դռ󣬲ô۶ǰǣ»ģ±ǿ߷֣׳ǳӷΣҲֵġ
ڣӷڷչԼΣûǿǿ󵽳ǱߣҲǿߴɸƽְˣɱӶκһ
Сӣܱ֤һңܶ𵽰𣿡ʵ
ģҴûյ飬㣬ǶλӦΪ
ȷڵķչھڤķչӷڷչԼⷽ棬ûģ㣬ֻҪӷ˵УǾһУôҲ˿Ļɣ
СӣΣ۽
㵱ҡ
ӷͲô۵Ͼô۾ʿɲҪһСģʿˣǵȵƻʵ̫ǿ˵ֱܽӻٵ
ӷܾôۣ֮ԴԴϵӷڡ
ڳӷڱ֮ģֻûôӷ֮ƵģС޷е֮£Ƶ֮ӲΪС棬ÿһԴ壬еСеġ
ڣô۽ǿ֮ӷ磬һͲҪСˣ֮Ҳڳӷ̫ͣã׼ȷ˵ֻͨӷ壬ӳȥˡ
ǿϢʱ̳һո䵽صĶͷ֮ϣͻȻϢѹסˡ
ʲô£
ͬʱ󾪣ܸоĵͻϢԲڻģȻ̳֮ڣϢ֮ˣҲ
ӷ絹˿ô۸ȫͬϵԵޱȣȴһֱӵƻô۵ȴƻһܶʱ򶼲ɳӷȥƿصģ˵ôԼҪȥƿأ֮ͻԶӿԶΧһУҲΪʲôӷô۵ҪԭΪֲƴʱ򣬼طǸ磬Ǹÿռ䣬֮һӿѾģѽ
ļһ˭㴫ҵģһ㣬ֵܵס֮𣡡
ӷԺд
ۻûôࡣòһҲп̼ܽٵġ
ѽôԵƻֱԵƻϹһԻٵġ
ڣѾͨӷ崫ˣӷղֻ֮ܿѹסˣȻ󽥽̳
ʲô£
һҲˣΧ޼ѧԺѧҲ粻֪˺˶ԶأȴͬһʱʶǿֲֿǴӳӷϴġ
Сӣ㶼Щʲô

ܸʲôҪɱˣҵȻҪˡ
ӷҲǺѽѾˣϣҪ̫̬źã̳ɵʹסɣǧҪӿˡ
СӣǲǷˣǽ磬˶ǷɱʵҲκ˺ġǿĸʴԣֱӽⳡƻġ
ӦòģǴӺĹģֻһΣһͻʧġ
ӷ粻˵Լһ˵İɣ˶֪ԼĹôЩ˼ĶȻȫƵĹȥ
˵ʲôĹǸ𣬺ĹǺεȴڣȻôӺĹһϽջأȻ綼ᱻٵġ
ղˣһԵģҲûջ
¡
̳һ޴𶯣ֱ֮ӽ̳ɵˣڳΧӿ
ӡСӣɵĺ¡
ӷҲˣ֮ϵӿʵãղ˶
ô˵ںĹһѽ
һȻһ赲һⲻǸ鷳𣡡
СӣɲֱܹۡҲû˵Ҫ۾ˣǰǿһģ
ǰҲǳӷ绹֪ô۴ڵʱʿÿѵʱǶôһ
ǸʱӡţڣѾȫˣǰڱ𡣡

˵ϻϰջء
СӣɵˣԼǵ֮ջءɱûʵģ巢֮һջأǸɫС޷е֮£۵֮ԽԼɵ
֮ոճڳӷʱɳӷ磬ǻǱӡʱġڣôѾȫ⣬֮ڳӷСе»˵С޷УǳӷԵֵס
Ȼղأɵһôĳ̶ȣ
˵磬ȫǱĺģãֵܵסô۵𣿡
Ҳ˵磬ᱻ٣
û
鷳ˣ֪Ǳһٵģǻô²㣬Ļ쵰
ӷòĺ̨类ӷˣǹƾǣѱסӷˣϾǳǵȱģǳǶźܴôÿһȵĶɶоѽĽ磬Ҫڶ˵ľûи߰Ǿ첻ġ
ضеڳ˺ܴ鷳ͬʱӷ磬취ֹͣȻ綼ᱻٵģڹ㱳𣡡
˵ʲô˵ģ磬һ磬͸ǳǾˡ
⻰ӷ΢Ȼ˵ܸһһĽ磬Ǿ类ˣҲǺܴ
ղ˵ģӷ˵ģںĹҲõ˼ǿĽ磬Ҳûϵһˡ
˵ɵΪֻǸҸ㣬绹ŵԴģȫеԴʲôˮ֮ģȫԵص£һ类٣ǾͽжϸԴӣǳǾͽȫĶˮϵ磡
ȫǶˮϵ磬鷳ˣ鷳ˣٺõĽ͸ɸȫǶˮϵȣǸûȡ
ӷִ֪ˣ


2050 ̫һ
͹㳡ϣ˶ʯϵ֣ÿһֵƶ˿̶ǴĵģΪֻʡʮˣ˵ʱڣΪҵģֵĸҲǲͣģ
ǣڣʯϵ־Ȼûһӵʱ䣬ʮӣʯϵֲûֺ֣Ҳһ㶯ûУ̶֣ʯϰ㡣
˶еĪǴûģⳡһһȵĶѾˣҲδֹѽ
ʲô£
˸ɫѿȻΪҵʱûжһǳ⣬ܽڵĲͬʱԪȫڽڷɣ
͸ӹܣ浽׷ʲô£
ڽ⿪һǾӵĹȦͨȦԿ顣ַǰǺȥõģ˶ڷ£Լĺڽڱ˴ܣ֣Ƕһǿ߼ǳպҲǳڲĲ͡
ɵȦһͼһ𶯣ոĹȦʱ䱻㳡ͬڣʱζ
¡¡ĻζĹ㳡ϵÿһ˶޷վȽţ磬ҲǿʼѣŴһԲΣ˱仯ĳΧ쿪죬ᵼ½֮ű٣
˶ʶѾ⣬⵽ƻ֮󣬴ҵͺñȵһ޴ʯͷ
Ҫ֪㳡ϵĽ磬ɲֻһһȵĶѽͬʱǳǵµһԴԴǹϵˮ緽ģ
˵⣬ǾͽµԴϿӣĻǳǾͽͣˮͣ磬޵ڶַȥˮģˮ޵֮£ǳǽһƬôǿ֪ġҹ޵磬һƬڣˮ˶ûˮȣѣͳΪȫһֵˡ
ǳڣûеڶַǿԷģҲûеڶַȡˮģв½طˮҲǴǳǵӳȥģ˵ǳǵĵ£в½ΨһˮԴԴͷв½еĵطˮ
֪һ⣬⵽ƻᣬǽô
ͬϵһʱ˽֮ǰͬʱһȫӿ˽֮ڡ
һʲôϻס硣
˭֪ڵ׷ʲô£ΨһܿĹȦҲƵˣ޷ΨһķԸԵס硣
˶֪֣֮ʱ˭סΪÿ干ͬҪ顣
ǣƻᣬΪô۵֮ɣ㳡ϵЩˣǿҲȫǲĺ󱲣ôȴڲ֮ǰʮ꣬ô۵֮⡣
޾ɣĽѾһĿռ䣬ʱ˿̣˶е˾޴ѹҲԴͷҪס磬Ǽֱǳ˵ε顣
Ϻһʲô£Щ˵޷бڱһֵ˽磬ϣлᱣý粻ܵƻ
˵ûֵ֮Ǿǲܵģ֮ڣ޷ֵס֮ɣƶ磬ڵһͬһطƶǻûģ
ôƻ磬Ҳ޵޵Ǳ˵ǽ磬綼군Ҳܴڡ
ৡ
ֻһɫӰѾ˽磬ǰ񽣣Էģֱʵͳ˽ȥ
֮ܶǿߣҲû˵ʲôֱӾͽ˽硣
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͹㳡һƬζһζȻǸı˽ԭһеķʽ㣬ڵǰÿһʵ壬ЩδսĲߵʵ壬ȻΪһ⣬ȫԶ˽֮ڡ
ãѾ˸ı䣬вߵʵѾ˽ȥˡڽˣǾûκλĻˣ
û뵽ƻȻеʵ屻ڣҲ˵ڽڵÿһˣǻˣһ˱ɱǾսĽһ
飬κ˶벻ģҪǣڵĲߣ֪ǵʵѾ˽ȥһʱ˱ɱǾ鷳ˣ
ڽڵĳӷ磬Χһб֮ϵɣϻ˵Ļóӷ֪Լ鷳ˣһ类֮ȫɵˣһŹԼģǸʱ򣬿¾ǣվԼˡ
ڣ˿̣֮ܵ谭㣬ɵٶӷоǿĽ⣬Զ֮Կ
Ȼܸô۵֮Կ˶ǸǿߡûãôԷֵܵһʱɣ˱޷Խô۵ĻͲȫֵ֮
Ҳ޼ѧԺѧȫԶˣÿһ˶еԼе㲻Ծ֮ǰ˵ĵطûκʹ۵ģڣÿһ˿ڣʹޱȡ
ôҵ˿Ϊʲô
ѧܣѪֹô£
ɣⲻǷҵʵ塣
ô
ظĪ֪׷ʲô£ΪʲôˣԼڵķȫ˸Եʵˣ
ѾıзʽѸʵϡӷ磬뿪硣ɡ
ʱѦѬ¹ѧԺ̫ӵȫӷ߳
ļһѦѬǲǱһôܳģ
һ֮ɣȫɵˣҲѦѬܹ
ڣÿһ˶ʵ壬໥֮ĻɱҲΪһɱ¾ʵעĴѧԺĴϾߵڵģȫĴѧԺľӢѧһЩӢѧȫɱˣǸѧԺҲûȥļֵˡ
һȻʱܱΪһĴѧԺĴս
ҽӷǼѧԺʱѧԺ޼ѧԺͳͳɱ⡣ӽǳڣֻܴһ¹ѧԺ
ôĿȻһ֮ѧԺѦѬ㻹ûʸ񡣡
һѦѬȻҪ󣬶ʱǻðɡ
ûǸʸأ
ͻأΧӿΰ쫷磬ֻ쫷֮ڣһɫӰ֣
Ȼת쫷гֵɫӰ²ɵһõҲ΢΢
ˣȫ쫷ѹƵĳͬһطۼ·ҪѧԺۼͬһһ
ܶѧҲ쫷˹쫷ڣ쫷İΧе£Ժѧţţţͬһȥ
쫷дǿĵǧҪЩûġ
ʲô˸
ĴѧԺΨһ˶ѡ
˭
أϳ壬ȻԪȼˣȫ쫷еɫӰͬһ֡
̫һ


2051 Ժ
ǳһеĵһǿǳˡ
һɫĲװһ׾ţݣݵϣȴ¶ԣֺܽʶļ⣬ǸɫĲװϵļⶼɡƤʮְףȴǲ԰͵ģҲǽ͵ģͬһеĽ壬һͷɫзֻӴ̤Ŵž쫷磬һ޴ʮּܣʮּܺ˸ֲͬɫıʯ
ˣ¹ѧԺĵһѧ̫ӵ̫ӣҲѦѬˣҵļ̳ˣΪģҲΨһһŵӡ
ȫ̧ͷͻȻֵ̫һһĳ־ͷ£ÿһˣϰĴڣû˿ɻ䣬ʮּܣųǿҵĹâɫ죬ž޴ǾһǿķʮּΪûиںϣϳ˵ǰ㣬еˡ
̫һΪǳһеĵһǿߣķĺöǾԲܵģ
ֽвߣѾʵˣûһǷһǿ˺Ǿͽ˺ܶʱ򣬶̫һ쫷磬ˣȥֵ
̫ӵ̫һĳ֣ҲȫһѦѬȻʵȻѾ֪̫һֵģ򣬾ƾЩˣһɱġ
ڣʽѾȫıˣڻȥʲôԪĻֻ˵ǱɵϣסԼΪҪġ
Ȼһˣʯϵ־ͻʧˣҲӴ׹䣬ǳԶʧ
û˻ĵȻ˵ĸı䣬һı䣬Ҳÿһ˲ٸ֮ǰǰĺ˾ֱӽɱûо԰յǰ£Ҷġ
ϳѾ˳ӷߣΧ쫷Ҳڴ˿ɢȥ̫һѦѬǰ
̫һ
ϳ̫һ֣Ǹֻ̫һ˸ƽ֡ϣ̫һڵϳȸͲܻĶֳ֣Ψһ̫һƥеģֻлһ
ȻӷһûɢɫС浽ڶ޷Уʱ̫һԹǳԿĿ϶ǳӷˡ
ɳӷ粻̫һо̫һὫӷ統ɿ
ѦѬ˵̫һڳˣ
ʵͳˣҲͽˡֻ뿴αչжĽԲһֱûѡڣ粻֪ʲôԭ򣬷˸ı䣬˶Ѿʵˣʱɱ˹һԺսǶġ
һˣ
̫һŮˣ㱻ˣ̫һҲûӡ
ѦѬ̫һһԣԼҪģֻǶԷĳЩˣνģ˵Ͳֵһᡣ
̫һ˵ѦѬһˣҲûӣѾ֤̫һûѦѬϣģֻԼӰˡ
񽣸ǿڵֵܱ֤ܽΣ
ǳӷųġ
ѦѬֱָӷ磬ʵͲҪ֪˭ųģ㲻ǳӷ磬Ҳ϶ǳӷ磬죬ӷǱųȥˡ
ŶѵǴӺĹ
ӣ̫һѾ֪ʱˣ绪˵Ȼڱչأ飬Ƕǳ
ӦǰɡСӲ֪ʲôʺˣȻԻŴӺĹ룬ϣӦûдӺĹĶ
̫һǰûȥˣֱԳӷ磬˵ѦѬ˵ǲģ㣬ӺĹ˶ٶ
ӷԲ̫һģ޷С棬ɵŲôۣҲҪηЩһ
Ȼӷֲɵģ֪ô۾Բ֣ߣӷҲҪ̫һȻ̫һѾˣزôҪװˡ
ӷȥܲڱҪ뾡һа취ɫСС
ϳ壬ǵҵڡ
ֵܣֱӹǻ˺ġ
ÿһ˵Ԫضͬһֱӹһ˵ڣǾͻΣաڶԵеʱ򣬽ԪˣϾʱǳͬһطģһ˵ͣ
ӷҪϳǽԼڣԪصӷͿסģҲΨһСķȥɫС档
˵ôˣҵС⣬޷СԣҪǵȥҵС棬ҵСܸ̫һԿ
ϳ˶ԼĶ䣬ӷС⣬޷Уô˵Сʲôʱġ
ôֵܣһֱһҲûʲôһѽСʲôʱģ
ϾҲѾֲˡֻҪҵڣȥҵС档
𣿡
ӷȻں˵ģ⻹ǵһΣС޷е飬ȥɫСûãӷԼҲҲֻһ취ˣûܰӷ硣
ӦðɣûõĻǶҪù
̫һӷȥɻȴڰ·˵̫һĶ֣Ұɡ
⼸£ӦúгӷСӾȻ̫ͷ϶˹ˣõķҴĳӣ¹ѧԺһʲô̫ӵΪУѵ̫һȥ𡣡
֪̫һɱӷ磬ԸԼԼܻģԼҲǳԼѧԺңڸӷǼʱѧԺƼңͬһϵġ
֮ǰӷû˵ЩΪֻгӷ޼ѧԺˣɼȻ̫һѾˣǻȻҪıһ¡
롣
磬ʲô¡
λֵܣǲǸǼһĺĹ
ûûĻҸˮ£꣬ͶںĹˡ
˵ӷǾǵˡ
ǵġ
ǻңѧԺɲ֮Ȼӷȹǣǽ죬ҾȻһ顣
ģʱ֪Ҫˣ֮ǰȻԼ֡
ûԼȥ£޼ѧԺңܹҪˣ㻹Ǹ
ôҲܻʲộ٣ڵס̫һ͸˳ӷ㹻ʱ䣬ֻҪɫСһ̫һһҪ


2052 ̫һVS
Ҫӷ飬ǺģҲ˿١Ȼ֮䣬Ȼأ⵫ؿԵ³⣬̫һֶһУʮǿľСҪ֪ӷǻŴӺĹ֮ˣҲضںĹõЩ׵ĶղɽѾ֤ˣ
˽ĵܻܵ룬˵ǼҲںĹõʲôĻ²Լ֣ЩԸ¹ѧԺˣȻ뵽ڶûʲô̬ıǾ˵ӷ粻ͬȻҲ˺ĹɲûںĹڵõκεĺöΨӷһ˲ŵõˡ
Ȼôĵɽ֮ͲԺĹģӷȷںĹõ˻Ĺ֮ңǻĹ֮ӷСˣϵĽɫС棬ӷ絽ڶ޷ȥԦ
ʱ򣬳ӷҪľʱ䣬ʱ䣬óӷǿޱȣʱ䣬ҲӦڵˣڶԿ֮İڡ
ϳѾԵӷڣӷҪϳ˵ȥײɫС棬ýɫС
ͬʱ̫һǰǳһеٮٮߣ̫һеһڶһڶ֮䣬ֻһ֮ңͿ֮⣬ͷⷽⷽ˭õıȽϺˡ
Ǹˣ㣬֮ǰѾֳˣҪ˿Ļɡ̫һһôˣڳӷ綼ǸʮּԵĺǹ⣬Ϳʲôڲͬĵط
ʮּܣȻ̫һһҲһǳǿķǿûиںϣζʲôܣΪǷ̫ǿԼҲ޷俹⣬ҲΪβ뷨ںϵҪԭ
ӣӲҪΪˣ
̫һϲ˿ĸ飬ͬһֻѪ㣬Ϊ֮ǻĻͲһķϻ
ʲôʱǵˣ¹ѧԺѧԺ֮䣬ԺϾʤģɼȻµĴĴ½ѧԺκϽǾǰڽ죬ڣȳߵװɡ
ӣغһѾˣ
̫һĲûɵĻҲʱְɡ
һغһһǲֲ֪ôԴȻΪǶʱչɣǶ򵥡
ԱߵѦѬѧԺˮµˣһȫɵȥ˿̣ѧԺĵһѧоһеͷǿ߽оЩˣҪóһսȦӣ̫ĻǾͽᱻ
̫һǻ˵һôĽ׶ΣѦѬߵǱߵﶼǺģֻչ֮ǰʱûһǿ̬ԴԴҲ¹ѧԺѧԺľѧѧԺغһ¹ѧԺĲ
ıչأ׼ȷ˵Ǵıչأϻ֮󳬼ǿߵָ̫һҲѾѧԺľѧʹɣ
Ľ֮ڣڰǵֵ֮ͬʱ¹ѧԺѧԺ̫һ֮䣬Ҫֳʤ
ȻĳЩ˵ǴĺѽĳЩ˻ϣܾˣͬھĻǳǵһҪĳˣȫµһǿ߾ͽӱ
ϳǼ뷨ȴǳӷ뷨ӷҪԸ̫һȴ̫һκһ˳£Ϊ̫һˣǻͽһУͬģˣ̫һͽưǳǵһһԸղŻǺܶĴѧԺǿߣδǵĶѽһǿߣһʤ˵ǿߣ
ΧѾǿ𣬾޴Ŀ磬֮䣬Ϊǿޱȵ쫷磬Ԫأ̫һԪΧзǿķȫۼԻʱ̫һɲ˿Ĵ⡣
ͬģĴԪҲѾȫԣǿޱȵţʹΧıը
ɱﵣһʼʱãΪؼʱ̣һ˸ɱҲ˵ǻغһ̫һĲʱ򶼲ʹá
̫һϾҪȻһһΪر𣬱˶һһԪأ̫һȴһӵԪԪ֮⣬˿̣̫һۼΧһԪǽ籾ԪҲȫۼ˹
Ԫ̫һԪظԪأȣԵĴ·ġ
ڣûҼ洫Ҳǳصġ
̫һһʼ;ۼԪأҲǻѾϵġ
Ȼ̤أⱾͱ֮ɵĽ磬ϣһѺۣÿһѺۣȫ̫һȥ
ڿն𣬶㿪һ̫һȴվԭأһҲûжһ£ۼԪһ̫һһĽ⡣

̫һ΢΢࣬ڷʱĵɫĽ⣬˹ȥ
ǿ⣬ơ
ϣһγɵӵϳϣڻתһȦһȦͽ̫һȫֵ


2053 ̬̫һ
һоͽ̫һƳˣѦѬ˴⡣
Ҫ֪̫һԪɣԪһжǿ֪ġϣһдȻƴĽ̫һˣò˵ʱıչأ𵽵Чɾͣ൱֮
̫һʱıչأѷɫ࣬Ҳûռ˾Ϸ硣
̫һû뵽رմ꣬Ȼ˵Ĳһʵ̫ʧˣ
Ϊһдĵһ̫һǱˣѾˡͬģ̫һǱƽ⣬ҽ̫һˣҲ൱سľһ
ʱ˿̣֪ܸ̫һκδϢĻᣬʱϽ̫һֻҪ̫һһĴѧԺǳǵһУˡ
̫һ˵ѦѬǰѦһѷס˵̫һʵôģȻһжӲס
̫һɵĿЦ˵û뵽ͬǱչشʱ䣬ȡõЧԶԶҵû²ĻǻүӴһĹĴܵסҵ
̫һֲɵǰ֮󣬲Դǿûǿޱȵĳ̶ȡ컪չֳۿѾԽ̫һֳԽȴҪ㹻ȥܳµġ
ңѧԺֻһˣô̵ʱڳɾͻǿǱǻүӡ
ͷȻԻ˿Уһ̫һֻǵԺ洫ѣԺûдκ㣬Ͼҵˣǹżһûʲô֮ܳԺҲὫעѹϡٸȥռκα˵ġ
ѦѬҲѾ̫һڲٸȥˣҪͬĵƣǾǻغһ̫һĲһеĶԹȥԿģ̫һ
̫һ˵ͷ·֪Լڸôˣ΢΢һڵ磬ڡ
̫һѾ磬Щ翴ȥ΢СȴԪصľͬʱԪҲѾΧ֮⣬ԪһһϣȻ̫һҪעһķһˡ

ûоʹʩչغһΪ޷϶̫һǲҪԲԸԼɿ̫һƣҲеһӡ
磬ˣͽ̫һϳغһ
ں󺰵
룬ˮ£ѧѧúˡ
һ̤أϵѺ۳֣ͬʱϷһƬռ䣬Ҳ·ĽϣˣһʧԭأȴͻȻʮӰÿһӰλһλá
ڣЩӰڵλãͬΪһ壬غһдǿĻ𻨡
ٵȴ̫ܵһȳ֣̫һҪԲһĻڻ˵ɾҪԴˡ
ǡ
̫һԪأԪأڼʩչغһʱȻȫʧˣÿһ˶ǴΪԾѦѬף̫һʲôغһһĻǿ˺̫һԲȥֵֻ·һѽ
ûᣡ
ϳ໥һۣȻģǻռݵľݶԵƣһ̫һǴӽ̫һҪǳˣҲΪһеĵһǿߡ
ѦѬڸûκܱϳ˵ʵ˵ʱҪɱѦѬõʱˣᣬҪɱѦѬѦҵı£졣
ڣѦѬǸ
ϳͷͳѦѬ˹ȥȻԪҲû룬лǣ̫һ˭ʤ˭ʱ˿̣ѦѬǱ߶һ޴Ŀӡ
ӷսϳ˹ڵۼɫС֮⣬ϳ˵ȥײɫС棬Դȴϣϳ˾ȻʱҪɱѦѬ
Ȼһĳӷ󺰵ͷѽϵˣ
˼̫һǴ·磬ռžԵƣһ̫ܽһڳӷ翴̫һ֮䣬෴ľƣͲǻƣ̫һơ
ղŻĴƽ̫һΪ˻үһѹס̫һǸʱ򣬳ӷ翴ķǳһȥһҲڴ̫һȴͬǱƽˣ̫һһбƽ治ɫĲûһڵĺܣ˵̫һӿʼڣδչֳʵһֱ̽ģҪ֪ıչضõЩʲô
ڣ̫һ̴ˣĿĴﵽˣԳ˻һôľ磬ͬʱҲĻ֮࣬ʩչΪǿһУҲǻչѧǿԴغһ
ǿ֮սʤһ˲֮䣡̫һųһû˷ѣȴѾľһʱ򣬻һʩչغһ̫һ׵㿪ɵ̫һĲȥԸʱҲû˿̫һһˣ·һûκηĻᣡ
ԣһ㿴̫һͱȻˣ˻үһ̫һǰҲֻǱǣűߵģô̫һָһôĵز
ͬһȼ̫һٸүͬһȼģҲԲǹ̳ܵģΪҸżңҵүӶ̫Զ̫һű֪ܣ˵ǳһеǿߣɸһǿȣѷɫӷ绹̫һϣ񽣵ǵƣҲһ˲ģӷ޷ԵĿ϶
ʱϳ˾ȻȥɱѦѬѦѬ̫һŮˣѦѬˣ̫һҲȻûӣʣ̫һ˵棬ѦѬ𣬴𰸺ԣԲܣǾ˵ϳΣա
ѦѬ
غһ̫һȥɡ
ϳˣͬһʱ֡
ѦѬȻһϳֻɱҲǾ׵ģͬһСԭӵıը㣬ȫ̫һϡ
¡һ̫һغһıըס֮Уû̫һһĲҽ෴ڳغһıը֮⣬ʲôûУԵʮƽ
ϴ˷ܣӷȴ˿̫ļˣļȡ̫һǳǵλãڣ鷳ˣ鷳ˣϳ˵鷳Ҳˡ
ԭ֮Ҳ쿹⡣̫ˡ
ʲô
˶һֻڱըĻУ̫һӰ𽥳֣һָͻأغһʱ֮ͱɢˡ
ֻϣܸ̫һŮˣ
ãϳ壬ˣ
ӷһҲǻѦѬǰһ̫һĲӰǻǰҲһ̫һĲӰӰͬʱ춯صֻϳȫˣ͵һѪ˱һǿڵء
ѧԺˣԼ۾
غһ˴ʱ䣬ϻүɵغһȻ̫һ׾͸ƽˣһָ֮䣬ͽĿѪϳˣȫˣҲ̫̬˰ɣ
磡
ٶǰ𣬴˿̣ӷҲΪ´󼱣ϳ˵ͬһʱ䣬ʯײ㣬ȫײ˽ɫСϣʹĽɫС΢΢һ£Χɫӣת
ɫС棬ˣ
ؼʱ̣ӷĽɫС濪ʼУʱӷ罫ȫѪʢѪƶϳ˻δ֮ǰסӣ
˭˳嶯ģϷµҩ
ӷʱóŵҩϳ˳ȥ
쵰ʲôʱˡǰǲһ
̫һԶҪĶࡣǰ̫Сˣ
˳ӷĵҩϳǲʲôΣգӷ˵ߣȥ
ȻɫСѾУǳӷ㹻ʱͲҪκ˷̫һ
վס
̫һӷ糯ȥŭһһŭ𣬽ΧĿռȫ𶯡
ɳӷͲ̫һֱ˻ǰóһŵҩ˵ȷ¡
˵ͷӷĵҩڴҵϢѪҺ̾ȶ
л
áںսˡ
̫һ쵰Ȼǿ˵ز
飬ղѾˣ飬ɣ


2054 ѹ
̫һһ֣˻غһϳˣ˵ʵһĻ˵ǻˣѦѬͨǣû뵽ġ
̫һΪǳһеĵһǿߣʵΣ˵ǳ֪٣ܶҲѾˣϾᣬǿҲиߵģڲ֮䡣
ɽ죬̫һһ֣ԶԶ˺ܶ˵󣬾֪ʵѦѬֵͨܣԼ۾
̫һ¹ѧԺ̫ӵ̫ӣ
ݻҪ²𣬾ǰûҲǻ׿֤ʵġ
û뵽λ̫ӵǿ󣬾Ҳһлơ
ѽ¹ѧԺǿѧӣѧԺûʲôϣˡ
ˮԱʵΪʲô̫һӦڲ֮ѽغһΪʲôһжס
Ļ˵ЩԼţԼغһᱻ̫һһо͸ˣ֮ܵҡ
غһѧԺҵľѧ˵ֻ¹ѧԺżҵĲֵܵżһУֵͨܵʣɲģҲ֮£Žⲻ̫һ
죬̫һûòܽˣ˵ʲôܣ״̫һ¹ѧԺԺ̫С̫һˣ߾ӷ룬̫һϣ֪ܣܣҲעһǿߡ
ôİϳ˱ˣӷ綼ܵʲôû첻ѹһ̫һ潫ޱȵĸǣ󣬾ͻΪĿһеǳǣΧת
飬㻪ѾˣҲǱһģȻղŰԼһʱ䣬ڣҳӷҲʲôܡ
̫һųӷ磬񣬾͸һڳÿһˣҲϰڣ׿˵ԭ֮쿹⡣
˵Ĺеĵ񣬵˭
̫һûΪ⼸ӷԼҵҵʳӷ磬Ӳķӷƣ˱ӷϣǹЩˣҲûΪˣǼ˶Գӷ緢ѣʵδͳߵݡ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһʵô֪δͳߵݣ
ԲǣҲԱ֤ĸҪϣ̫һ䲻мȥɱϵҵδҲҪɱ
ֻ˵ңû˵żҸѦңӣ뽫ңλǳ֮ˡ
ŶԭˣΪҡ˵δͳߣѦңǹżҵˣô
һӷ⻰ѦѬһŭˣ˵̫һ˵ֻҪҵˣκˣɱ
⻰Ҳ̫˰ɣֻҪҵˣκ˶ɱҲ˵δͳѦѬǹͨǵһ̫һֵġ
ѦѬһ䣬̫һǱ飬̬ͺԼʶƵģǿʵԼңҲɱô
ȻѦѬ̫һ֮ĹϵֻǹϵѦҵ棬νĸ飬˶ԣһƨƨ硣δͳ̫һĻѦѬ뵽Ҫɱ̫һԣδͳֻҪҵˣǶҪɱ治֪̫һʲô
ɱ
Ҫɱ
ӷ翴̫һôǰľѽǱ飬ŵĿǣǰľеƣֻľزϵţڱͱԼӡ
̫һǸǿݺ磬ȻҶĻĻ֮ǰҲض뵽˺뵽ѦҸżһôȥȴһҲκ˶Ŀ
ɱԼΣ
ӷ˼һתѵɱڳκһˣеǹȫ׼㡣
δͳߣ˵ϳˣû˻ţ˵ǻ˻ţ˵̫һǾԶ˶š
˵δͳң
ûںĹĵ񣬸㳤һġȻ㻹иʲô˫ֵ̥ܣҾͲҿ϶ˡ
ΪʲôôأΪʲôƼҸҵûȫأȫĻǽ¾ͺðˡ
ǿɶǼδͳ߻ģǸŮˣɳӷȴ˵̫һԣӷڰ̫һѽ
㲻㲻˵ҵ˶ɱڣ֪ǿлôĽ

̫һһЦ˵κˣпܣ̫һ;ԲܡСӣǰһףƻҳΪΪǿĵˣǲһдҲ̿ɴˡȻҲںΪɱĶǸµĻ
̫һҲ̫˰ɣѵһ֮йƼҲɡ
Ȼվָ̫һһٴ
֪ʱѧԺĺȻɾƾ㣬ûʸҶԻȥ
̫һһӣǿֱѹȻ
ӷȻǰһվ̫һȫ˳ӷϣ֮ǿóӷ綼ѵֿڣɫС棬ڴ˿ųһǿҵĽ⣬ȻȳӷԱȥɢ̫һɫСֱӰ쵽ˡ
ǿǿĹ֮һ޵еĴѽڶһССѾ׼ɢ̫һǿˡ
ŶС棬е㲻ͬ
ӷ˶һ̫һȻһ۾ͿӷСͬˡ
ͻأӷ֮⣬ˣȫȥ
ֻ̫һ󣬳һͬһҹգУǳۣǲͣ׹䣬ÿһǵ׹䣬γһǵص漴˸ı䣬һҹյľתΪһѩصľıɽг֣һֻֻıܣڲͬôһıɽ
ѹô
ӷ粻ɵĿЦ̫һʵǿޱѽһ󣬾ܽԼȫѹסôģӷȴ֪һһԴ


2055 
ͻ·еһУУǳҹգѩصļ̫һһ磬Ҳ˵һеĽ磬ˣȫΪеһԱ޷룬Ҳ޷κεķ
ӷڱ̫һѹס޷һ£ѹȴûиӷκεĸһִ͵ĸо
˿̵ĳӷʲôҲɲˣȻɫСѾУ֪ΪΣӷһǱס˰㣬ֻڳӷ޷̫һһ
޷̫һ֮£Ҫƽ󣬴˵ǲܵ£ɳӷҲܸվŲ˴ѽɲǳӷķ
£Ψһƽֻⷽȸ󵽵һһԴӷţ֮⣬Ķ޷󡣵Ȼһ־ǡ
ֵܣӰ̫һķ

ӷ籾;ã󣬳Դ⣬һֿԣǾǷ̫һϣûκεĲ֮ͬѽԷֵܻʲôɣͬ˱ʯͷ˫ۣõʱ򣬶ͷϻһơǧĿͫ۾ٿ̫һԷ󣬽˴һ磬ϣûгκεĲ֮ͬѽ
ʲôķ
ϳ˵ʮּܡ
ʮּܣ
ӷˣϳһ֮Ҳֱӽеעȫ̫һǸʮּϣֻʮּϵЩʯɢ΢⣬΢ⲢǺܴ
˵̫һʮּⳡ󣬲ܾôһ΢ѽǷʵں˵ģڷһʹ˲
ţ˵ӰǱϵģġ
˻һӷˣȫˡȻ̫һǸںΪһ壬ڴ߶ŷֻ̫һ˵Ĳͬûнʱ̵չ¶˴ӱϿȥǱһʮּܣʵ̫һʮּܣǳģΪһġ
㶼ѾѱˣѵһСӣҵӰɣ
̫һʮǿңҲţϣӰǿǿߣƲˣţš
ƲƵһ£ڵ֪Ϊô϶δͳ߲أ
ӷûȥ̫һʲô֮ģʵ̫һΪʲô˵δͳ߲
̫һûлشӷ⣬ֻ˵ӷ磬ΪԼ޵ˡ˵ʵ磬˵ӣҵĶ֡δͳߵԸң̫ˡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦӣ̫һǲԼһĴ𰸵ģǿҵ²˵ȻΣǾӰ
ΪϣǰֻһڣͲһˡ
ƴһǾʶһҵİɡ
ӷѪ⣬ڴ˿ȫ˳
Ȼ޷̫һһַǲҪ̫һҲģǾǣԿ˭ǿ˭ϴ
ҳ
Ѫ⣬ڳӷһµͬʱǿʮеѪ⣬ȫΧڳӷ
ͬʱɳӷ󣬾ȻҲһһһѪγɵĵ
УĶǧԪڳӷ绽ʱһš
ǰֻڳӷ󣬾ҪԵУҲɵеĶħŲ䣬ѾԪҲǲͬʱҲǿһ磬ǾǷΧ죡
ʱ֮䣬𽥵ĸ̫һ֮ǴССĶħһ֧֧ľӣˮްǿǱǣסģûõеĶħȥκ˵ġϾ˵ˣѣӷ绹Ҫ£Ҹ޼ѧԺǱߵˣܲѪۺ죬߶ʮһ˾ɱɡ
ôܣ
̫һ´󾪣û뵽ӷȻ֮֮ңӷ󣬱󻹲֪Ҫǿٱ٣ӷдŹԵ̫һУֻѹưˡ
ʵͬʱЩйԵҲԼйǻôĺ
̫һֲɵӣַ֪в˼һһĳ壬ɵӣַǳ֮㣬뻪Թʱ̵֪غһŶֵģ
Ҫջͬ⣬ӷɾͲͬˡ
㲻㲻Ϊܴȥ㲻𣬽죬жģȫ
öֵʱǶˣڸǶˣǻʲô
ӷϳЦһƣѾ˳ӷҲ˵ӷڴϷ磬̫һڵУԱˣûС
һŮˣǻģáɱ
ȻѾڳӷУҪô棬ɳӷһ˵㡣
ϳ󺰵ѦѬ㡣
ûѦѬһ٣ٶɱӷ缸ˣڲɱǾ̫ԲԼˡ
ѦѬɫϳһɱԼ̫һ󱻳ӷ󸲸ǣΧĶħǴʱչһɱ̫һΪˣʱͲκ˵ȻԼΪأѦѬҲָ̫һ󺰵壬ҡ
ûܾѦѬģֻаˣҲѾ˽磬ֻΪڵֿ֮ԽɣԸûܳӷߵ¡
ǽ̫һǵˣסµľƣⲢƿס磬ǱѦѬֻڵΧ¡𶯣ѦѬڵλ֮󣬾ȻһѺۣһɽѺۡ

񽣣ʵ潣ѽһȻڵ֮⣬һӣҪӽѦѬ
ӷȻǲܷŰ񽣽ģһ̫һѾܱ̬ˣһҲܽڵڶ˳ӷֺҲõû취ɼȻܽҪ뿪ҲǼ¡
ȻԪ죬ֹ񽣽ѦѬϳһɱ
á
ȻԪ嵽ѦѬǵѺǰ˵Ѻ۲ſȻ˵ȣʵ̫ˣ
룬ˣѵҲ𡣻æ
꺰꣬տҴ硣ˮ£ǹȥæð񽣽ȻɱѦѬ
ҸѧԺҲҪɱѦѬģѦѬ¶֣ҲὫǼ˸ƽĹԼ˾һ֮𣬼˻֮ô˵ҲҪô˰ɣ̫һɱˣѵɱѦѬ
ùˣ꣬ҲȥǡѧԺѧԱͣȫȥϳǣ赲񽣡
Ҳǳ˷ܼۿӷѾƿؾƣֻᣬǺѵõģԼҲѾѦ˺Ƥ첻ɱѦҵˣ죬ѦҶŹԼҵģȻˣǾͶưɣѦҵļ̳ˡ
ؼ̫һĶ֣ɳӷȴ̫һԿ˵ʲô˵һǿߣҪˡ
ѦңżңңԼûʲôɫҲʱѹԼҵģ̫һǾ䣬ֻҪδͳ߲ҵ˶ɱҲ֤̫һҰ֮󣬼ȻˣǽΪβվڳӷߣǽ죬ֻҪվ˳ӷߣǴӽ󣬾Ͷ̫һΪС
ھڶĲһȴһѡĶĲע¶ˣǽĲңͲҪǧһεˣ
޼ѧԺȫϳǣ赲񽣡


2056 һ
òϣ񽣵ȷǿ˾Ա̬ĵزڵƳһӣͬʱһǿߣֵ֮
Ҫ֪֮ôͷųģ˵ֻһ֮ռռ䣬ֵܹȴֵǵǿѾԽռ
ֵ֮סˣǽҪڽڵ׷ʲô£ɽʲôģ񽣸ǿߣ˿ȻǽеĲȫ˶ĵط
ӷԵ̫һʮּܷʱҲκˣƣҲƿڳӷ֣̫֮һ̬ԱѦѬֽɫԲܻ뿪ģ
벻ǣӷ練ѹס̫һϳǼҪɱѦѬʱֽ˽
ӷ񽣶ԹһΣϴγӷ˵ȫֻܽ°񽣵ĻʮĻʮȴҲǰ񽣵һжѡ³ӷѾ˵ڰ죬۷ֻһ֮ңˣ񷶦ҲѾˣҪ׻ܰ񽣣ӷ֪ҲǼ׵飬ǰȫ֮ڣеۼһ֮򣬳ӷû˿İգܴܰ񽣡
ɱѦѬĻ᲻ܴһΣ治֪ҪȵʱĺûᣬԣôҪ񽣸赲ѦѬɱ
ʱ˿̣ӷѹס̫һϳȥɱѦѬˣеһֵͬס񽣡
ϳֻڹܣһһڣ¹ѧԺ̫ӵȺг˽ȥķ䣬̫ܶӵĳԱУѦѬʱҲֻǲϵܡ
֮Уӷ粻ˣ˭ӵĳȥѦѬ·ӣۿϳҪɱʱͻأһ΢΢𶯣ֻˣȫһڵء
ͬʱӷһǵĿԽԽ󣬰񽣵ӰѾڵ֮У
ô˾Ȼסһ񽣣
ЦǺεеĵǿߣȥϻ⣬Ҳ˵ǳǵĵǿߣǺȻүүƳ࣬δĶ֣ƼҶԿģѧԺѧֵܵס
ȫ
ӷΣε֮£ȥѹ̫һ̫һȣʵ̫£ԣӷڱеԸһˡ
ϳ壬ҽȫͳȥ
е̫࣬һ񽣴֣һ˵˵ģӷֻܽϳȫ˳ڵУֻ³ӷԼˡ
ǿĳԶϳͻгÿһˣĴѧԺѦѬ̫һڣȫĳ˳˵
ӷĵ·һ˲ջأҲ̼ͷ˳ķΧʮСҲͳӷ˵ķΧˡ
̫һѹƣˣȫ˳硣
ѽڳӷҪԸ񽣣ô̫һ˭ȥԸԲ̫һĶ֣͸˵ˡ
ܣһųȥ
̫һʱҲ˾Եɱղ󱻳ӷƣѾΪһֳ裬ֳ裬̫һ˵ܵˣˣȫҪһҪģǻ
㡣
̫һʮּɢ΢⣬һֻȻٹͷǿԪصۼ֮
ɱ¾ʢ硭
顭һ̫һһƳİ֮ڣϲһɾ޴⣬ڲǿҵϢһ޴ʮּܴӵϻ
ãɱ¾ʢ硣˳֮⡣֮ڵһɱ
һӣ֪̫һеģǲû˽ţӣ̫һľл治ѽ
ѧԺȫˣ˸Ҵ̫һİ׷Χ֮ڣܶ˸ˣȫ֮УˣǱƵģʧ
ڿɲǷʵ壬ڽʯϣֻǴڵġ
ϵˣʯϵһʧһ׹䣬ÿһ˵ﶼ˰Ѻ
׷ʲô£ΪʲôͻȻ֮ô׹ˣ
ڽڵȫʵ壬Ƿ˿̵׹䣬͵
ܶѾע⵽ʯһ֪ʱֵ֣棬ٵ
̫һ
Ȼ̫һɱѧԺѧ
̽磬ֹ
ʱֱӵ˽ſڣδǰ˭Ҳܽ롣
㲻Ҫ̫֡
֣ϷܹѵĹأǲ֪𣿡
ѽȻѾʼЩûвμӴ֮ˣڴڼ䣬ǲýġ
㡭
쿴Ѿһ׹ˡ
ѧԺʱѧԺ޼ѧԺ¹ѧԺԼڣܶ˵ֶ׹䣬䣬̫һʱŵ˵һ룬ˮ£꣬ϳ壬Ԫ죬Ȼвص˵֣Ҳ˵ڽɱ˵ģ̫һһ֮⣬ѧԺˣҲɱˡ
һԪĶʱ򣬾ȻһɱģȫĴѧԺˡ
û뵽̫һȻôľ롣
֮ǰӷ⣬ÿһ˶õԪڱɱ֮ǰõԪȻ䵽ɱߵͷϣ֣Ҳ䶯ġ
̫һڶ̶̼ڣѾõǧԪ˵ɱ࣬ڵڶϳں棡
ⲻܣΪʲô̫һôࣿ
ѧԺ쵼˶Լ۾
λϣڽ緢˱䶯ǱֹⳡȻ͵ǽЩѧװˡ
ɫһ仰Ҳ˵
ܶ˶󼱣ڽڣ̫һHIĺأͣɱѧԺѧЩѧ̫һʱͺ޻֮
ӷ类񽣸סˣҲ֪ʲôûжԳӷ֣ǵסӷ·
㲻򣬾͸ҹ
ӷҲˣȥѧԺ˱ضᱻ̫һɱģϳǼ֣̫һһ˵Ķ֡
ҲμӣΪ֮顣
Ȼμӣ㵲·
ΪҪɱСѬֲɱ㣬ֻܵסˡ
ģȻԮڰס
Σɱ㣬ѾǺܸˡ

񽣼仰óӷûѪ쵰̫ǸȻԼһף֣͵ǽսģûм֮ᣬųӷ磬͵ڶϳǱΪǿһӷ⣬˭̫һ档
ɾϳҪ̫һӷ类סʱͻȻһЦڽһŮ˵Ц֮ǿĸҪϳɱֵ̫һɵһ
ǣ
ǣ
Цֱ磬񽣷ųʶѰЦ֮ˣˣԲǣǵĻͳˣҲᷢЦģˣͲЦ
Ц߱ǿɰ񽣻̫һɲǰ񽣣Ȼɻġ
ʲôˣٸ
̫һͣ˷ȥҪ˸Ƴ
Ҫæ𣿡
Ů˵ڳӷΧ𣬵ȴ޷ֱ׼ȷķ
ӷЦһ⻹޾֮·ѽ񽣵סԼ̫һģû뵽ؼʱ̣ԼԮҲˣôʱ
ǲˣ
˺һῴǴͦ˼ģû
ڸ˰ɣٲǼֵܿɾˡ
죬ͽʶ˼ֵܡ˵˵ļǡ
㱣κˣǸŸʮּܵСԸһ˾ͺˡ


2057 
ôһȫûʲôõģҪͱסÿһŵˣǾͻмӷ磬Ϊӷá
ȻҪԸ̫һԴȫʣµˣǻҪͻȻŮûжԸ̫һֵ˭
ôĿһŮ˾ԸҡѵȻ𣡡
̫һֱͲмһˣа赲ӷ磬ӷǵҪȫȥ񽣿⣬޷
˵񽣵ĵΪ˾ѦѬκϽⳡܱɱĴֻҪ赲סӷ磬óӷĵ޷̫һʩѹǾѾ㹻ˡ
ӷ缸ѽʶˣûн֮⣬ȫˣĻ˶Ը̫һһʵò˵ǿޱȣȲ˰񽣣ȴ뼸һƥˡ
ɼȻӷŮȥԸ̫һǾ˵ӷŮ˻ĵģŮҲԲǳӷʶģ
¡һͻأһǵص̫һϷӿ̫һǴΪԾȻȻҪǿˣⲻѽһǣӷǴһǿŮˡ
ǿ
ߺˣ
ֵܣô
ӷ԰񽣵ͬʱЩԾԼҲǲŵʵΪʲôǿˣ
ҪʲôסȻģҵҪã·ϣɱһϵĳǿߣһ硣
ɱһǿߣһ磡
ʲôЦɲʲô綼ܷӵĳģǱҪһѽ
ӷѽʲôʺˣȻһ綼ᵽˣһ˵ĳǿߣǼһҲ֪ʲôùˣ˵ģ
ã͸ԸСӾˡ
¡飬飬顭
Ĺ̫һһʱ޷мܣʲôʲôɱ¾ʢ磬ȫͷ˳ԵڣԷӰû

ϳʱȥ͵ϮѦѬͻأһӰϳʮ
ʲô㵽ʲôˣװ˭ģ
ϳ廰䣬ͼһճǰ
߹ʣǣͬǹŵ͵ģŵ֤ͣŮˣ̣ʱ͵ĸ߹ʣŵ͵ĸպ෴
Ůѽ
ϳԭŭıʱһ䣬ɫԵĿͻȻֵŮˡ
һ£ȫĺڰԪΧȫס
ͷһֻɫľβ֡

ž
һ⣬ϳϣϳһӡ
ٺɫܵʱϳҲܲ˵ģŭӸƴˡ
ӷ纰ϳ壬֣ͣ㲻Ķ֡
ֵܣŮ˵ʲôˣװ˭ģ
ͬգ㣬ҵĹùã

裬Ҳǰİ׾ãѹǿˣԭ˸ħŮ
Դӵõľֱ۷֮Ҳת䣬˺ڰԪء֮ڲ¯ڵʹĳһ¥
ӷһͬˣռ䣬һͷɢ˿ӷ绹취û뵽Լ˹·϶һһ磬˵Ǽĺѽͬڳӷ˵Ҳĺ¡
һ磬ѵ𡣡
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ѹ̫һͻȻǿԼغһƽˣԭһչشʱ䣬ǲɣΪҪģȻһһ硣
Ҫ֪ȣĵǿߣҲֻһ磬̫һȻҲһ¿е鷳ˡ
ͬһ磬ҵ뿴ʲôԸҡ
Ѿ̫һǰ̫һŭ֮£߶һٴͷųɱ¾ʢ硣
λС㣬ģһɱ¾ʢ磬ֵסѵ
𡣡
貢ûн̫һһͷϵĺɫβֱӳ˳ǰʱΪһ衣
β֮ߡɱ¾ʢ硭ơ
̫һһôϾСɳ費ͬǻǧĽɫң꣬ƻģҲģڵĳѾִ࣬ϻ۸ƻԶܸıġ
Ĵ֪źǻۣ̫һʩչһУ֮䣬ͱģ˹ͬɱ¾ʢ練
ɣ
һֱɵۣǸʲôôͬɱУӦ˵ǣΪʲôӷʶŮˣ̫һɱС
˵ӷ磬ǴΪԾһУԼǰûģѵһǰɡһ룬Ҫ֪ǰħŮ֮⣬һݣǾǾڤ磬ػʹĵ伮Ļ
ȻģҵɱУ㻹ӡ
ֹСӣɱ㶼С
ɱңûôװɡ
ǳסӷ磬ĵ伮һá
ĵ伮ǲԣĵ伮ԭǸһġ
㿴ǰһãܴĹ𣿡
ӷЦǲѽﵲţĵ伮͵ϡ
ˣʶ
˵ʲôʶ
ûλѣɻǵģǰںϻɱһͷ𣿡
Ȼתų裬ʵں͵Ϯҵˣ㣿
ûҡ
ⲻܣ͵Ϯ֮ˣ֮ϣң˵ԵޱȣȴսթͲͬһ·ߵġ
Եޱȣȴսթ˵ģľ
ѵľҲˣǽɾеˣӷһ˶Ը˰񽣣ɼһľأԳ޵еԼ񽣣ˣ
ľʲôطٸ
һһǼһԸ㵹ùǲֵġ
ӷ֣ȻľؾڸԼʲô˵ҲѾˣԼһĵһһħŮټһƽʿҪɱһ񽣣ǻһѽ


2058 ս
ǡ׷ɱһеĻƣΪǳǾеĵЩǳǴ鷳ͲŹǰʱ䣬Ҳ֪һ·Ǳв½ǳչһҪݻǳĴŵıЩһﲻˣպþͱ񽣸ˣǣ񽣱׷ɱһ·һһ֮˶ʮǿߣʣһ񽣽׷ɱ֮ϣںϽɱģϣ˶ԷۿҪȡʱͻˣͬʱһɰԵޱȵյֶ͵Ϯ⵼°׷ɱһһˣ
죬ؼʱ̳֣˵ϵð񽣣Ǿͺԣں͵Ϯ֮ˣгڡӷҲְ֪Ե·ߣյֶΣɣ͵Ϯ񽣵ģľˣ
Ȼ֪ľظһڳǳǣ֮ڣľһҲڸֻҪӷľ֣ûг̣ҲԶԸһˡ
뵽Щӷû˿ĹǣеȫͬһϣӷҪеȥײɫС棬һɫСӦþͲԼմһʱֹͣУҲǸԼһݱհɡ
񽣱ǲڶԳӷֵģɼȻת䣬ں͵ϮԼǸӷһģԼٲ֣¾ҪԿˡ
ͬĽ񽣲ͬһ˵Σӷһô˰񽣲˽⣬ӷ񽣿Ǽʶģϸղŵĵİ֪Ըӷˣһͬķ֣ᱻӷƽġ
ͭڰ񽣵󷢳ĽӷҲѾеײ˽ɫСϣʹĽɫСб֮ǰӿ˺üҲŽɫСУ
Ϊڰ죬䣬ټСĹ֮ĽϣӷڵԱȽ֮ǰҪǿ˺üСڵЩ򣬾ͱԭҪǿˡ
񽣵һӣһ޷֮Ʈͭৡһϣɽ⣬ڳӷĵ֮Уʾһرĺ⣬һִżɱĺ⡣
ӷ类񽣵ĽƵ˺üʵǿһҲһһҪǿȻڵУչֶĹâ㣬Ѿκ˶ܰĵˣžǷǳǣܰ쵽ģҲᳬʮ
ɼȻҪ֣Ǿͷſһսɣӷǳ˽ľһôˣǼһǶԼԵĻǲġ
¡¡
ڣһǿҵ𶯣ӷĽɫСٴμӿٶȣ綼
ͬʱЩ˽ǿߣҲڲԼ֮ͬ£ӷ߷˹ÿһˣڿڰ֮ϣȴҲûһκϵġ
񽣺ųƾĵû뵽һ֮ҲҪġ
ǳǵΪңǿ֮໥д֮⣬Ҳ໥˳۵ġһ֮ˣɱǳǵˣȴûһ˸ȥҰ鷳ģԭȻǾĹϵھѦүΪһˣѦΪڶˣ񽣼ΪˣʵǺɵġ
죬԰񽣵ݸλȻҪӷ֮ģЩе㿴ˣһҲ뿴ʲô¡
ὫЩһǰѳӷ統ֱֿ֮ɱϣɰȴΪ
ϣܽĻʮ֪죬ܽסٽ
񽣵춼ûжʶԳӷ˵
ҲǸöֵʱûж֣㣬ҷǳֻ͡ϧѦҵˣҸѦѾˮݵĵز޷Ϊѡ
֮䣬Ǵŵ⣬ͬʱҲһʮرĸ飬Ǵĸ飬Ҳɱĸоܶʱ򣬺֮ܶ䣬ҪҲһεļ棬ָˡ
һ̵սѣж֮Ĵ̣ǲҲһսѵĹϵ
ҪϻˣҲҪ̫ϣΪ첻ٳֵˣˣҪκҲȲ㡣
ûڳ񽣿޼ɵķųκλǳǣҪɱ֮ˣҲûܱסأ
Ҿʶһ£ڲͬ
ŶǾͷɡ죬ȳУ㵽ж͡
ˣҳӷȻӵĺġɼȻ񽣣ҲͺĽˡ
ٷϻְɡ
ýҲýһϦ
ɫһϦħ˳ӷУӷɲɵһʼó۵ʥϾ֪ľЩʲôǻ쵰ϴڶԸ̫ʱԽȫ͸ˣԴİţǽ죬ľҲܻóӷȥİ񽣵ܳˣ
۵ʥǰѵ񽣣ܶʱǱȾŴҪõģӷɲΪԼŵƲС
κһֽڲͬͽӳͬ
նνǳ괫ӷģǸʱӷ绹ֻܿܿеһԱһ𲽵֮ʩչնνȻ޵ġ
ɽ죬ӷѾλǿ֮ˣΪʩչնνȻǰҪǿ
Ǿͽаɡҿûô໨ҵĽҲһаˡ
ӷһֽһϦħ˫Ű񽣣ͬʱųʶҪҵľزĵطǣܳӷôңľصһϢоóӷĸоʶʵŮѽŮڿɲġʵңľصû
̫һһʱ䶼ûҶ̫һʹɱУֱģ˹ȥ
Ҳ˵һƴ
ҿʲôЦҲǼʶ񽣵ģӵһѽڵ⡣
ӵѽ¹ϱˣ˰죬ԭԼֱǶԵģľظû
һȻǿռռ䣬޵еĴڡɱϾǺռ䣬㲻ȥӦǿߣպٷչȥľأ˵Ҫȥ㸸ףסġ
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ǿֱ˳ӷĵ֮Уֲɵӣ֪ӷĹ죬ǲ֮ڸӷ缤һսģȳȥ
ӷ񽣾ȻһҪԼĵԼĵ˴вȻˣǾ͸ȥˡ
Ҫȥûҵͬ⣬˵㣬ǿߣҲ첻
ڲģǰĺͳߣô׾һ˴ĵܵ𣬷νͳߣҲ˵ˡ
ӷ罫Ѫ屶еȫ˵֮Уڵ֮ڣӷǵõ˱Ӱ㣬ܰôѣҲǳȥģӷӲɢȥ
׼ûСһ
ӷ罣һһϦħ̼ϣӷ˳˵λãһϦħ͵ĳȥ
νն졣

еĹͭৡһѽĽΪɫ
ॡ
ӷһ񽣸һ񽣵ıϣһѺۣѽǲ㣬ȫ鿪ء
ӷԲţһܻ˰񽣵ˣԼΪһ׶ΣҲܱ˲һѽ
ȻڵϵЩȫƹ⣬ΪһѰѷǳϸСĽͬһѰѵķɵȫӷ˹
ӷһ˳߲ͣƶеһϦһ׹⣬˳ӷС
Ŵɡ
񹭱ӷϲԴȥʹãü
޵ơ

԰񽣵ϸС˫һڣһ꣡
֮ǿѹ
ӷĽðû˿ֵĻᣬ񽣲֣ƽٶҲ൱֮ġ
ž
һƣһƣͽӷıǿסˣ漴ֽһգžһƾճֵıɽ񽣸˷顣


2059 Ĺţ񽣣
֮⣬͹㳡˶һ֮࣬ÿһ˶̫Լ۾Ϊʯϣ׹ͬʱȻµֳ֣֣һǰ񽣣һеر𣬻˵һûֵ֣ȫһЩķϣ
׷ʲô£ΪʲôҲκ˽ȥô£
̨ߣÿһ壬ÿһѧԺ˸ϣеסˡ
˭뵽ⳡܶͨǿ߶μӵĶϣȻְ񽣵֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ񽣺εôܻȥĴѧԺЩѧأ
˻ǳǡˣϽ磬Ϸ֮ץ
һ£Ҷ¹ѧԺξҪˡΪֻˣǳǵˣʯϲŻ룡
ҪôԺѵͲ𣿡
ʵϵ˼ǡ
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ԭͬһֱ˵Ӧڹע̫һˣҲͷ˽硣
ǣ̫һûеܽѽеĻԷ϶˵˵û֣Ǵ˵λ֮ϣڷ֮ͬϣѾʯϣ˵ѾڽڶˣΪһҲоǰǿֱӴӽдģ
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̾һԲܻڣҲܻɼϸ£һǱʲôҲ˵
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Ѧӵ˵ͷ˵ȻڽѾȶ̫صĺǰҲȷʺϴ档Իᴫٳġ
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ЩˣһʲôôЩ콫ĻպǺġԶ׼ѦѾӷܻŴӺĹģһ޴ĺ󻼣Ȼղûܽ£ǾðֱڽڽնɱɣųĹģҲֹһˡ
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СӣԽսԽ£ʧִǧûұľʹزۣ洫ųȥҰ񽣣Ҳֻܿɱˡ
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ӷɱУǲϵĹ񽣣ȴҪ˺һ׵ɱУҳ񽣵
ԣӷ˼ݵģ˵ӷڹʱѾҵһһ㣬Ƶˡ
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ռɱУӣ񽣻ͦӷģҪռɱ˳ӷ
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ֻҪץסһ㣬ôӷаնԸˣδǾˣֻҪǾϼΪǿһ񽣣ɰ¹
̫һʩչռɱУʱɲỹ
˵Ѿܾˣ̫һȻתͲѦѬֻǴһ¹ѧԺ˳硣
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һ𣬶ԸôһСӣȻ
˵ôˣ˵񽣵ѦӶ޷ȫˣǻǸϽ뿪ɣһȥ衣
ˮ˵룬Ÿϱϻ뿪磬ѵ㻹ȥֵɣ
޼ѧԺѧأ𷢴ˣ뿪Ȼûġ
ʱ֮䣬ˣѾһ룬ϳ˿ӷ磬ȴûһ˴ȥġ
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ڳУ˷ľĵ伮ΧžŴĵ伮ŴΪơ
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ӷгһЦ˵ֿȭֵŲţһܷɱ
˵ֶӣżʱ䣬ǿˣҲǰˡһɱȾĵķƶϣʸ̫ӶҪǿǧٱأ뷴ɱҿһ¾Ϳ˰ɣ
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ǾͿˡᣬеͳͳҵڡ
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ٷϻǿɱУҲҪɱ㡣
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ã׼հɡ
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񽣵ռɱѾ˳޴⽣һɽ壬ֱӳӷѹ磬𺳣˲١
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ΪѪԪأȻҲˣȴǺܶ࣬Ҫٵĺܡ
ѪӤѡ
ڵѪӤѣӷ˫Уһ
ײɣɫС棬Ҳͣײ
飬飬顣
ײɫСģϵײʹĽɫСеٶԽԽ죬󣬽ɫСڳӷڻΪһɫ磡

ˣҵ޵ġ
õһ磬ͷų
ͷųˡ
ڤҲһáȥںϽС棬һҪ
ڤ綼ˣӷ絽
СӣٶҲûãǰһнԻ𡣡
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¡¡
ӷȻ涥ס˰񽣵ռɱУð񽣶ţ濴·ĳӷ磬СӣѦҪֵһжѣȻԵûãҲһ°ˡ
𣿡
ӷ磬ڤѾںϣ׼ա
ܺãɣȫɡͳͳˡɫС棬ҿɲţǿ޷ĻĹ֮ͷų
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ӷһ˵ˣӷΪʲôҵԼռɱУ˵ҪɱԼԭӷôһ֡
ⲻܣܴӺĹųĹ֮ҲΪõġ
ܲΪãϾͻ֪ˡˣҲǸ֮ˣҾٸһܺǡ
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ܣ
ȻţǾʶһ£Ĵ½ǰλͳߡ
ӷЦһ𣬳һɡ
ӷھʥ׹Ƶģʱ֮䣬һ⣬ֻڳӷͷһӰһͷ۵ĻӰ
ͷۣأ˸Ҽðɡ
ǡ
һá
СӣȻģǽȺϣɱ˾ɱ˰ɡ
飬飬顣
ӷڵĽɫС棬γĽɫСΧ׵˸
ʱˣĹ֮ˡ
ӷʥһƽ¡һ죬ǿĽ⣬ӳӷڱ˳ΧеһУһ
񽣱ӷֱӸǾ޴⽣ֱѺۣһ񽣴˿̴ŭһһ硭ںϡ
ʱں磬̫˰ɡľˣѾҷˡ
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ƿȭɱ㡣
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񽣼ӷ緢Լľˣһӳ˺ĹеĻĹ֮һ˵еĲһƷȫ£ֵܵסȥֵǾɵˣ
뷴ɱңΡ񽣻ƾС棬ûΡߡ
񽣵壬ٵѿۿҪ군ˣɲȴ˵һȻԻʬⱣȫСˡСӣˣԽġ
һƤҲҪ񽣣С¡
ӷ磬ֻؽծġ
ˣתơ
һС͵ĳ涴֣񽣵С˳涴漴涴žһʧˣ
ˣ
ģһο˵ĲᣬûиʮǲġʱڣӦҵСڣС˾ˣ


2060 Ⱥۣ
͹㳡ϣ֮Ѿ˺ܶ⣬ȴӽڳǿߣǽ磬ֵ֣֮ÿһ˶ѽ
ڣջǱסˣûȫɵֻҪ廹ڣǾͿԽȫ޸á
ǿ֮ģ¹ѧԺ̫һͷ˳ѧԺʱѧԺ޼ѧԺһʱ֮䣬еȫ˽磬ҲζţⳡѾ˽ˡ
ʯ֮ϣ̫һڵһλڵڶλ˾ˡ
ڽڵ׷ʲô£Ϊʲô֮ǰ𶯣ˣͲö֪ҪѯʴӽڳЩˡ
ҵ˼̫һѾˣȻǴ˷֮ɫҲûгǵϣ̫һֿ˵һʯϣȴ˵һȻ񽣸ָͲУ
ѦѬһ̫һûʲôɫڽڣ̫һֻûȥѦѬ㣬ѦѬ̫һٹ֣˽ѦѬҲģϾǳǣѦžңȴӴĲ˫Ҫ໥õģҵı׻ǹżң㣬ѦѬĺ͸ĺԼôȥ
ͬͬʱǰһ̫һүүһ̫һĶʦԼӣԼͽ˶һҲ˵ˣҵݣҲ֤һʵ
̫һû뵽ٶȱϷҪ졣ô̵ʱڴ˻˵һ
Ҳϻοˣ˭ǹżСӲأû̫һʣһѧҲᴫ̫һˡ
Ƕүү̵зŻн̫һ
̫һԹĳƺżһģԵĸУҲ֪ҵĹϵκ˶޷ҡġ
ôǸӷأ
̫һɫʱһ䣬˵ӷ磬̫һ͸˲ˣ󣬱ӷĵƣڳӷĵУĻᶼûУ˵Ҳһֳɡ
ռɱжԸӷ磬ǿѦӶ޷ȫ˵ɱУӷǱɵˣ̫һҲҪ̫ࡣ
ռɱһСӲлĻᡣ
ͬ˵û뵽һ֮񽣾ȻʹҲСӵ컯ɣ֮£Ҳˡ
ڽڶηʱܶǿ߾Ѿʶᷢʲô£ֻû˻뵽һ񽣻ռɱȥԸӷ硣
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ϳǼͽɡڳӷѾˣ֪δͳݵģֻǼˡ
˵СǹżҵȨҶӲȥ
ûǻҵˣҲԲߡ
ƼҸҶͬ⣬е鷳
ڳӷѾˣţ٣Щ˿ˣΪû˻ţӷܵס񽣵ռɱС
Աߵ̾˿˵ΪӷǼ𣿡
С㣬֪⻰Ǻ⣿ӷ籾ͲǳǵˣңǼԣˣѵӦ𡣡
˵ûء
ͻȻԱһˣȻתֻǽ֮ţ
ϳڳһֱû˶վڽſڵȣϣӷֲܳţӷܵס񽣵ռɱС
ڣһӰ֣ЩνǿߵԱߣһŮ˵𣬽˵һ仰Ů˾ʧ͹㳡֮ϣûκһ˷Ӧ
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ѦѬ̫һ͹㳡ϵ˶Լ۾
ӷ絽׻ǲˣĹûڰ񽣵ռɱҲǾԲܵѽ
Ѧ˫¶׹⣬ŭ¾Ȼҵûɱ

ӷ˿Ѿ˽֮⣬㳡ˣ˵ǳռɱɱҡܿϧ񽣣ѾΪһ񻰣һĴٳˡ
ٳˣʲô˼
ννĴѾˣ󣬱˼סһ
ڣӷ˵񽣲ٳˣ˼ǡ
ӷ磬ȻţҰأ
ѦѬŭʵ
˼ûչ˺İ壬٣СߺߣǸߺߡ
ЦѦѬš
̫һ˵ɱ˰񽣣
˵ɡ
ⲻܡ
ǿԸоһ£ǳûа񽣵İϢ
ӷȻҾ߳磬ǾͲȥȫеǿߣ춼Ѿһ񽣣ֽǰסģԼûǰ񽣾ҪѵõЩһԼҪˣһ˰ɡ
Ѧ̷ųʶ˺ü񽣣ȴһӦûС
ʧˣȫʧˡ
ףأ
оϢѵС˵Ѿ
ⲻܣǾǿߣôܻ
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ѦѬ˼СǸû˵ģüεĴѦѬҲΪһеǿߡ
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ѦѬ˫۶Ѿˣ̫һһѾסѦѬ
˵ˣ춪˶Ļѵ뵱ڶһ
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СѬ㲻Ķ֣ڳȥֻ
ӷȫϢڶûʧӷҲ֪Ĺ֮ȫȥ֮ԼҲѣ֮ڶ޷ָˡ
ڣѾ뿪˽磬ˣǵıӣӦԱԼʱɡǣԼ֮ǰҪ㳡ϣҪɱԼȫ㶨
Ҫ֣Ҫͷɡҳӷɱһ񽣣ɱκһˡ
Ⱥۣӷ粻û˿Ĺ˼ǴģѽѵҪȥ𣬳ӷɲܱ֤Ĺ֮гã
ϳȫվ˳ӷߣȻЦ񽣶λֵܻɱ˭ǰһս첻˭ֻҪվֵˣȫ
û߲ܣյȫաϳŵָ㳡˴󺰵
ӷѽҼֲ˶ˡղŸ񽣵һսѾеɢȥ֮ҽʱ䡣ʱ򷢳ĺݻûʲô𡣡
Ԫ˵ڻ취ɣȺ֮ǽˡ
Ͻǹ£Ǿ뿪
Ԫ캰С㣬ҳֵܲڣǲǸ˵仰ˣ
ˣȫǣڣǰӷ磬ǵҪˡ
ȴ˫һתһ仰˵еһУûϵƵġ
ʲô˼
ӷһЦ˵ӣǣҲ֪ԣһζİǵġھֻܿԼˡ
Լô
ڳ˭ǿ
⻹𣬵ȻǷϼһˡ
Ǻáңʣµһ
ʲôЦս񽣣սϼһû𡣡
ҪҪʤУ


2061 
ΪС棬Իת֮룬˵һˣԣҵһʺϵ壬˵Ҳ߰ʱȫ֮߰ڣ񽣾͵Ǹˣٳϣ
ӷһ֮Ȼɱ񽣣ȻģϢڽ֮ڴĴ½ӷҲеһս
ÿһˣÿһɹߣǳɹı󣬶޷ѹӷɱ˰һˣɱˣǳǾĵ쵼ߣɱǾ͵ǳǾϺݺݳһ⣬Ҳ¾ӷ治ӷưոݵģһеֶԸӷ硣
һոռǳǵСɫڹżϳһ⣬ϳһ⣬ڣҲѦҸϳһصĶ⣬˵ͬһʱ䣬ǳΪӴˣݣҪȨһأһζĻųӷ磬ҲڸΪû𣬾ʩѹһǣ򿹲סģǰ򴨱Ϊ˴룬δػԣû
νĺǰҪԼģո෴֪к黹Ҫȥˣʲôʧܡ
µƣԳӷûκεԣǸӲΪӷĵҩԼǳǵ
ȻӷڳңΪϵ˭ν磬б򶨶ǲɫӷܹ⣬ҲΪ£Ҳ˺ɡ
ܵ˱ҴɣڣѦһģǳеһͬһĵˣʱ򣬳ӷԲȥκһκһˣȡ
ӣֻбУĻᣬ㳡ϣϳ⣬˭վֻӷģûУǻҸƼңҲʱվ͸˵ǲˡ
Ǿн쳣õֶΣӷɱǽ𣬾Բԣڣǳӷʱѡ㳡ǿһˣһҪֻҪ˱û˸лɱӷ뷨ˡ
ڳǿ֮ˣ֮⣬ˣһӷԷ϶֣Ǿ͵ϻƣܵûġɷһ룬ڲɫΪȨ⵽ĹϵֻһϻĻǾܰƽģǰƽϻᣬǳӷͲָܵеˣ
öע⣬ӷԷԼ
ϳڳӷǰʱѾӷ
ӷۿ㳡ˣѦЩǿߣӷҪƵģѦѬӷɱ񽣣ҪΪ񽣱ȻᷢѦҾһΧӷ硣
ӷ粻ܸѦΧԼĻᣬһԵȻ񽣶ɱˣǽ죬ҳӷҲսȫǿߡ˭ϱȰǿĻ³һϸߵͰɣҳӷһޣΪˡ
ӷһԣһ˶˷ŭ֮ɫǺܶҲ֪֮ģ񽣶ڳӷ֣֮ԼЩˣ񽣵һӲסӷƥС
Ȼû˸վҾͲˡڳǿҾͶ˭
ӷ㳡벻ӷȻ˵ǿƣֱӾ˷ϡ
Сӣɱһ񽣣浱ԼǸɫˣȻҳű죬ϼҡ
ϸҪ֣ϣӷڱһǿޱȵĽ⣬ֽ⣬һ̫㣬ڹ㳡ϿգɣŴ˶۾
ĵӷڸһս󣬾Ȼǿң֮ǿԼЩϵǺģɳڳӷϣǾ;Բˣ
񣬵ģǡ
ͬٳһ棬·Ѿ˲ԾӷĽ⣬Լʶǡ
ôܣ
˶סˣȫɵĳӷ磬ȥԼ۾
ͬʱϸͬٳΰ㣬ӷڣȻһɫС档
ɫС棬ⲻܣ
ϣ˵ϻҽһ𣿡
Сӣ㵽ںĹڵõʲô
ӷǻĹ֮֮ǰĻĹ֮ڻûȫɢȥǲķͬޱȡ
㻹еʶļʶҲ͵սɡ
սᣬӷ绹ɱϲɡ
Ļ쵰㲻áͬ٣
֣
ʲôЦȻ֣ӣǰĻ治ԩѽ
ӷԼҲû뵽ֻˣԼʣҲԷһˣҲӣϸ˼ڣϸͬٳϾȻҪ֣һڰ֮ѽԸһ񽣾Ѿ˳ˣûгӷڵĻĹ֮Ҳģ֣ǻĹ֮ټһΣ򣬳ӷˣ
ϣͬٳϣ֡
ν޾֮·ۿӷҪ֮أͻȻһۺд
ͬٳͬʱ̧ͷһͼУһֻ˽ޣֻϣһˡ
ǧ㳤ϡǺʱصģ
λȲҪ˵ϻˣ᳤ʧ٣᳤ټгϣٻسϻԲߡ
ʲô
᳤ʧ٣᳤ָģǰ򴨣
һʵǧ㳤ϣʦʲô£
Ŀǰǻ֪ٻسϻɡ
в½ľǿʧˣǱ컹Ĵ£в½ûаһԹˡ
һʱ֮䣬ɫ䣬ȫǵˣ
ѦӺϻؾӪСѬ֪ͨүү
ǣס
Żǳǵĸггڵ£һ˵㡣
ڣŻҲ֪ԣˣٻٿӦ顣
ǣг
ˣҲͳͳظԵļ壬ʧ٣ϵв½İȫûκ˸ҵģӲȥܳӷˣ
ӷҲ벻ԼȻˣ


2062 
͹㳡ʱȥ¥գһӰûˡͬʱĴѧԺУǿ߷ɳǳǣɢв½ÿһ򣬶ѲֵˣҲͳͳȫǱʽչѲ飬ȫÿһֵϣҲģһ˶·һʱ䣬ǳǾһֻţⳡֻҲ˸ӡ
һ򴨵ʧ٣ͽǳǸӣ֪򴨶в½˵ǽζʲôûав½һĴ½ľǿߴв½û˿Ļֻ֮ĿԼĵ̱ռ
ǧһǿߣʹһȨһ˸ðȨһǿ߲ˣǿ֪ᷢôֲ顣
Ҳʱ򣬽ôˣŻԵɣŻԼǰȫģǾǳӷ缸ˡ
ѫϳļңѾ⣬ûһȺǿտҲҪʱҳǾԲܵ飬ΪȫǵˣѰͬһˣǾǰ򴨡
û뵽һ򴨵ʧ٣Ȼǡ
صϳӷŵ˿֮ǰҪֻɱԼӷֲĸо
ڣӷѾȫɢȥҲѾ֮Уڣ費֪ʱϳԾĵ伮Ŵӷָ˵ڻԲѡǣҪȫָǻҪһʱ䣡Ͼӷ̫ˣԳеһȥĹ֮Ĺ֮ǼˣɶڳӷҲ˺ģô˵Ĺ֮ҲγռܱģӷСϱǼ˼飬Ĺ֮۸һȥʣµΪõģɳӷΪδ۷ľ磬ӲȥĹ֮ҲǺܳ顣
ôˣ
ɳϵĳӷʵ
Ԫ˵ȫǶѾȫѰҰ򴨵䡣ڴǿ߶Ѿڳˣֲв½ÿһطѰҰ򴨡
ǹˣǰ򴨲ǾǿǵʦôͻȻʧأ
ȲҪô㻹Ǹɾָɣ
Ѿû̫ˡȴһֲõĸо
˵Ѿˣòϣȷǿޱȣǿߡ
ǿߣһ½ʹ½֮䲻ȥַԷ־ƣѾάǧˡ
Ԫʵֵܣ㵽˵ʲô
ӷɫ԰׵ĺܣȴǺģ˵ǺĹĳ֣ǰ򴨵ʧ٣֮䣬᲻ϵ
ĹڸóֵʱȻ֣Ҳø򴨵ʧٻʲôϵģȻ˵
ʱ̫ӽǿ֪ң˵ʲô𣿡
ˣֲ̫ʡǸ䵭κ˽ã˵Ҳû˸ȥӽΪʲôͻȻأң컹һѡ
ΪҵϵõһЩ
ʲô
ҩƵĵҩҪ
Ƶĵҩˣ
ûˣҿĳǳ£Ǽң룬֮ˣĪĹϵǻɹ򴨵ģΪǰ򴨵ĵӣֻа򴨣Ż˵Ľšǵǿߣˣû˻ŵġ
ϳ˵ıҲĸӷһĲ԰ˣ໥˼ۣһʱ֮䣬֪˵ʲô
ұҩΪ˰򴨣˰֮⣬бˡ
˼˵ˣ
ǷǳصˣҲΪŻʧٵġȻҲųǱЮסˣǱɱ
⻰ϳǶһ
򴨱Ю֣ɱôܣ
ֵܣ⻰ɲ˵ѽˣв½Ҳ군ˡ
ѽϣûɱ˰򴨵ġ
һ֪ɱ򴨵ģˡ
ɱ򴨵ģ
ܣɱ򴨣ǰЩͳ߸ȻǾԲܵġ
ӷҲ϶˵Ͼǿ߸۵飬ϳǻǲ֪Ϊãڲܸǡ
˵˵¸£Ĵ½ЩѧԺͻǳǣǳǵĴѧԺһ䣿
ûֻһڰˣ֪ǣδͳߵݡ
ںĹҲѾ֪ˣӷ磬㿴£᲻¸µйأ
ӷ粻ٶ˵ʲôı۾
˵ȳȥһ£Ҫһӡ
Ǻãָá
ϳ˳ȥ󣬳˵Ѿȥˣʲôڿ˵ˡ
ӷ۾ɵĿЦһ˵ԽԽ˵ģ
ЩС£һħ޵ʱѾˡ
ħŮѽŮƺţû׵á
ٷϻ˵ô£
Խ򴨵ȷˣҲǵʧٵԭ򡣡
֪֪Ǳ˵ģ
Ųµˡ
˾Ųʮ𣿡
ţ
˭
Ҹղž˵ϣ֪ģˡȻЩҲ֪ģͲ˵ˡ
һĸףһأ
һܸҸ״ƽֵģһݼΪصǿߡ
費˵ܸ۴ƽ֣ǸͲҪ룬ɱǰ򴨶⣡
ӷ罫ںĹ֪˳裬ڳ۵ʱգǰһǧ顣
ǰһǧ꣡ǻǼͬһʱģȻҲܷ⡣ðʧ֮㸸׵ĻΪʲô㣿
˵ԲҸףôֻǸǿˣѾң
㣿ʲô˼


2063 ǿȫʧ٣
ڣۼǳǵǿߣĴѧԺǸ壬һǿȫۼڴ˵أ˳ϻ⣬˵һ١
λҵȼѾв½һ飬ȴûҵ᳤Ӱӣ£غв½Ĵڣ˵˵ԼĿɡ
ѾһһҹȥˣЩǿֻûв½׳죬ȴ򴨵һϢûУǺΣҲȫ棬صǳǣǿȫǵķ
Ի᳤˵Ĵ½˶Ϸ򿴣ڵĿֻһǾǻ᳤Լ뿪ġ
еĻ飬ȻɹŻǾеģΣһ۶ûУ
˵ԼĿȷЩ˿ֽǿߣ໥֮䶼ûӲˣǿߵֵռ˿˵ġ˵Ǳ˸ˣǼֱЦ˭ֻȥأ
˵ǰԼ뿪ģΪʲôҪ뿪أҪ֪в½ɾͿŰΪǿ½Ų׶ֵģһ½֪ʧ٣ǻ˵ã㣬ԼҲģǧδ뿪ǳǰ벽
һʱ֮䣬ڣûκһ˵Ϊ˭ҲҲģһ˵˻ǿ֪ġ
гλҿҪģǷϢ򴨻᳤ʧٵϢԲܴȥ
¹ѧԺ˵
̫ˡ
Ҷվˣ˵һ䡰̫ˡ¶һ
Ҷʲôʵ
֮ǰһ˵򴨻᳤ʧ٣ȫǶţ½ѰҡⶼһһҹȥˣǾãϢܲй¶𣿡
ѽν嶯ͻỵ£ڹ㳡ʱ򣬳ϻǧ㳤ϻǵո֪ȫϢģ˭ܱ֤ǳû½ļϸһһϢʹ½Ķȥˡ
ãץö½գб½衣
ˡϢѾˡ
㣬ӷ綼û⣬Գӷ뿪ոҲûгֹӣһʧٵϢ̷ظԵĴ½ȥˡ
£ǳǿǧѵһΣѽϵĻĴ½Ѿ׼ǰǳˣϵǶ֪δͳߵݣ˰򴨻᳤ǳǣĴ½Ҫȫֵ
ʱ򣬻ҵŴ˿ͼߣ߽
һˣȫվǳϻķϣͬٳϸǧ㳤ϡ
λϣл᳤Ϣ𣿡
˵ĿǰûκϢڻ᳤ʧǰ»
ʲô
ʧǰȻ˻
ǧ㳤ϵһӣͼһĻӰ֣ڻӰ֮˺ģͿ˵Ļ˶ĺ
᳤Ԫ꣬ʽλ᳤֮λʱϻ¹ѧԺǳǸ֮Ҫְλ֮ϣɶĳϻᣬȫȨ쵼ǳǣλ᳤ԪΪ쵼ˡǳг𣬲һдۣȫǽ䱸ؼӷбֲв½ķֹо͵ϮĴѧԺԺֱгĵĴѧԺȫгͬв½κһ˵ַ
µĻ˶һ£
ؼǿǱٳµһֶַѽǳΪǿ󷨣ȫǸʱûõ쵼˵֮ǰǳǲҲģַǽǳǸסж˸ϵ
⣬򴨻Ļ᳤֮λ˸᳤Ԫ꣬ϻ¹ѧԺΪһ壬Ϊǳǵ쵼ߣȫв½ķפأĴѧԺҪ㾡һеȥЭ
ô󣬵Ƿʲô£
λϣ᳤˰ţǲ˵Ĵ½Ҫˣ
ԺҲ֪׷ʲô£᳤Ϊʲôʧ֮ǰд˰šܿ϶ǣȻ᳤İţһ֪Լв½ˡ
ȷڵĻΪʲôİţҪ̣ȫ´ûҪַʽѽ
˵᳤һ֪Ҫʲô£һС£ɼȻˣǻ᳤Ϊʲô뿪
һԵ⣬˼˵򴨣Լ뿪ģܵκεвʧٵġ
᳤Ļ˵Լ뿪ġֻҵȶ֪ʲô£
¡
ͻȻٴδ򿪣һߣ˽һۣһͷ׷ϵ׳֮⣬ڻɢǿơ
гڻˡ
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뿪ǳǳȥ£ʱպûڰʧٵһˣǾ˵ҲڲǰõϢ̸˻
ס
ȹŻ˵һֹס˵λϣھϽ᳤ȥɡоǣҪߴһϢ
ϢʲôϢǱʧٸġ
гòĴ½Ѿ˰ɣ
ûĴ½ȷˣǵĶǸһġ
ʲôһʲô˼
½裬ϲ½½Ѱб½ģλǿߣ򴨻᳤һͬһʱ䡭ʧˣ
ž
ÿһ˵Ժоһ׵磬ұ׵Ƶġ
Ĵ½ľǿߣһȫʧˣ
֮ǿߣȻͬһʱʧˣ⣬⡭
λڵǲĴ½Ҳû֪λǿߣΪʲôͬһʱͻȻʧ٣ǱȥˣԼ뿪ģǲö֪Ĵ½Ҳö֪Ĵ½ľǿߣ򴨻᳤һʧǰ˸򴨻᳤һڶ½ʥŮΪߵ쵼ߣϲ½ͨΪ쵼ߣ½Ե³Ϊ쵼ߣ½ԱΪ쵼ߣ˸в½򴨻᳤ͬķ
г⵽Ƿʲô£Ϊʲô
ҲεĿǰλãû֪ʲô¡ϷҲǸյĴ½Ϣġ
˶٣˵ȻϷ֪׷ʲô£Կ϶һǣпµĴ鷢ˡ
µĴ飿
ѽǿͬʱʧ٣Ѿˣǿߵʧ٣ȥֻǸǰˣᷢ顣
Ȼǿ߶ʧˣδͳߵ飬Ĵ½ҲûзϾһδͳߣλǿ֮ϵģԣĴ½Ѿѡ˸ѧԺѧǰв½ԺһսǵĿģӦöͲϷ˵ʲôˡڣȰŰ򴨻᳤һжðɡоǣԪ᳤Ǳһʲôλϼʱ֪ͨ
ϵͷãھͷͷ°ɣϣҪʲô²źã򣬰ôõ£ҪһȷѪˣ


2064 صĺ⣡
ֻǰһʧ٣Ƕв½˵һΣաڣǿȫʧˣǵʧҲԤʾźĴ½һȷѪ꣬ٲᵼµһв½ʧĸ½ͬû˾ǿߡ
Ȼ½֮Ув½СģǿҲٵģĴ½ӵźܶССɸ壬ϣв½ѷɫ࣬Ĵ½Ҫʱв½չĻû˰򴨵в½Ҳ޷ȥƽⳡսġ
ڣĴ½в½һǵľǿʧ֮ǰҲ˻ģÿһ߼ķЩ˲ȥΥǿߵھǿʧٵ£ҲȥΥ
δͳߵ飬½뷨ģ֮һͳ߼֣ңв½Ĵ½˵һвͳߵĳ֣ͽͳһĴ½Ҳ˵ͳһ½Բʧ½ò׸ΪݵԼĵٴγһλͳߣض뾡һа취δͳ߸õĻᣬ¸ǳĴѧԺĴ䣬ֻҪǸʱ򣬲ٶȣδͳҳɱ֮
ǳѾؼУ壬ĴѧԺȫհ򴨵£ͬʱϻҲѾʽ¹ѧԺϻᣬΪǳȨߵһţŵĻ᳤֮ǰĸ᳤ԪΣԪһôˣʵǳû֪ǳϻĳϣ²͸Ԫ뷨
Ԫλĵһ˰հ˵İ죬⣬ĴѧԺ´֮ǰ÷κγͻѧԺ¹ѧԺ֮䣬üͶ֡ƼңңѦңҪ¸´֮ǰֺƽ໥֮䲻ܷκε
⣬Ԫ껹һǾǹڳӷ⣬ڳӷĸϣرдӷ¹ѧԺˣң´ʱҪ¹ѧԺսĴ½ѧԺȴܸǳڵĴѧԺκһѧսԪһ׿ڴӷеģӷ粻Ԫ˵ȥʱڻҪµĻǳϻͽԳӷ糹׻ɱ
δͳߵ飬ԪҲ´˭ĸģȥҳӷǼѯδͳߵݣԪΪ˱δͳߣϾԽ֪δͳߵݾͶδͳߺǲ
ЩԪ껹´һǾǣв½Ѱ½գ½裬԰ʧ֮ͲӰˣͶǲɵӣȻ뵽򴨵ʧ٣ǳǾԲŹǵģǷض½ġ
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Ȼӷ⼸ҲѾָ˹ɶǿͬʱʧٵ飬óӷΡ
ķң֪Ѿص˺Ŀռ䣬ӦŶѽΪʲôҪǿ߸ץ
ӷڲڣ֮ǰĲ²⣬ǿץ˰򴨣ҲֻҪǿ߲Űĵǳ۵Ļǳץˣ֪ܲԼǳѽ֪Լǳǣôܲ
Ȼ򴨵飬ûϵģ֪ںη˵Ͳ½֮УںҲһ
˵ǼһһǸо˱ô۵Ҳ֪ڣӦŶѽ
ѵˣͲǿ߸ɵģ
˭
ܣûץǣˣ⼸Щǿߣû˸տʼʱѰңֻ˵һϵеİšһ֮ˣܻڱ֮ǰôİˣĴ½Ҳˡ
㿴Ƿʲô£
ǿɻǵģڲɽʱֵǸˣ
˵Ǹһˣ
ûǸˣʱһģһŮˡԲ½κһ˶ǰ񽣵ǵ
ǻɣ磿
ռǰˣǿǿߣ࣬ǿ𣿡
ᣬĴ½Ǻռռ䣬ǿȻΪǿģǿߣҲǿĴ½
ǾͶˣˣģܸоǿߵʧٸйϵ
ǿˣ½ˣֲģǵʲô
ˣ磬½֮⣬ɻĵط
˼˵ʮ
ǰûȥЩ
ûУСӣ㵽ڻûʶĴ½ж󡣳ȥ½˵򣬶󲻵ģ㵽һҲҪʮʱ䡣
Ҫʮ죡ѵѧתƣ
⣬һʮǿѹǹѹʹ֮Ÿ޷жܣҲΪˣ걾ȥ
㶼޷ںУӣѹ治һĴ󡣡
ûҪȥЩϣΨһİ취ǳ˴ںе޺֮࣬кܶ࣬ǱûģǰЩѰʮļһȫȥ޻أĶûѾں֮ˡ
ãɽ᲻Ǻʮģ
Ҳ˵ϾЩطû֪ҲЩ˾סҲһ˾סǿ֪ģһ½ûûӴ
ǿߵʧٸǿûϵҲҸûϵɵģ͸ЩйϵˡɣǿߣǺϾЩطû˽Ӵ˭֪Щϣô


2065 Ӱѽ
ҲܰԼ뿪ģǱץģҲܸǿߣûйϵٵĿǰλãӷ绹ûκεΣա
Ǳ߸Ѧҹżһ᲻ʲôӷͲұ֤ˡЩһǳصӷԲǻǰԪ˵ʲôǾʲô˵׼Լ鷳ǾͲңڰжԼɱֵģΪѾǹϵһδͳߵˣϵѦҸ⣡
ӷڽڻɱ񽣵飬Ѧһʹ˰𣡺ǲģԲʲô£ǳǷ˶£ӷ綼ҪʮֵľʱӦѦǵı
ҪѦǶŸɣһ£ǱģǾ⡣
Ĵ½ӷ粻κԼƤﻹϵôľɲŹ£ձڶʱ֮ǰﲻӷģԣӷֻǿԼˣ
Ƽҷ棬Ҫӷκ£Ȼ㶨ģƳҲ뵽ԣϾȻѾӷվһϣѾΪѦҪɱĿ֮һƼῴԼļ̳ˣԼܵѦǵ˺ԣҲһ׼Ѧǲ֣һ֣ǺƼҲԴУ
ڻҷ棬ӷܾǸƼҲͬô˵ƼҾͺȻһ̳ˣɻȴڴֵϣûܱ֤һ᲻һԱˮ¸ҲֻѧԺѧһѧԺԺүүҷҲǶ÷صģ޷ѦǼԿ£һˣӦǸɵĳġ
һؼǾǲҡ
˭֪ҵǿߣϾҪˣһ֣һѡվһôλãһվһǻҪʱľƶ֮ǰӷ绹ġ
ϣͰݷòңܴܲӲصϵõҵΣǰҴùϵ֮󣬲ҷٲԼΪС
ϳǼʱ䲻Ҫû¹ѧԺԺ֮ǰҲҪ̤¹ѧԺһ̫һѦѬʲôֶԸ
ڰݷò֮ǰϳһˣǱ¹ѧԺ÷ģ÷ʦĵóӷе⣬ôʱܹѵͲ¹ż鷳ô˵Ҳǿ¹ѧԺԷѽ
÷ʦϡѽ
ӷǿ÷ĸϳǼȫܵ¥ȥˣ÷¹ѧԺĬĬţҲĳЩ˶ۣŮ˵ҰģͦģԵĻҪ̫ĽӴ⣬ϳųӷ綨Ȼ֪Ҳûж˵ʲôˡ
﷢ô飬ѦڶʱǲҶ㶯ֵġ򴨻᳤ʧ٣СҲѾ뿪ǳǣѰҰ򴨻᳤ȥˡûСһѦ㣬»Щ鷳
ӷ뵽㣬Ҳġ
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Ȼǡһ£ұҪ㡣
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÷Ŀ˿¥ϵϳڴƣ£һҲϵӡ
ܴӦҵһҾ͸һȫǶ֪顣
ӷͲµ÷ĲôĵԼȻġ
֮ǰϵǣֻ֮һݼˣһġҲҪңҲһ༶¹ѧԺɾͣҪģ˵ҪĶࡣ
˵ûҪģȷ֮ǰ˵Ҫܶࡣǿʳ磬ΪԼĻͷôĶ֪
Ҫʲôܰ쵽ģһõ
÷ҲתĨǣ˵ҪΪĴѧԺȨ쵼ˡ
ʲô
÷ҪΪĴѧԺߵ쵼ˣ
Ůǲӷѽ˵ĻôĲʵʡȲ˵ĴѧԺǵһѧԺҲǼʽѽ˵һûκκ̨ŮˣֻǸʦҪΪĴѧԺߵ쵼ˣżһͬ𣬻һͬ𣬺Ƽһͬ𣬲һͬ𡣵Ĵ壬ѾͷʹˣҪһҸѦң÷ĵҰ̫󣬻㽫ҳӷ翴̫ˣһ仰ҪΪȥĴѧԺƴ㵱Ϊ򹤵ѽ
ȻԼ뷨ӷȻǲ˵ڵģӷҲ֪Ȼ÷ĸҿǱضʲôϢԼӷҲ׵һھʹӦѽԵĳӷ̫ˣ
Ĳ÷ʦǻʨӴ󿪿ѽ
÷֪ӷ˵ĻƵģ˵ȻҸҿȻǶˡܻŴӺĹܻɱ񽣣ʵ˳ϻ֮⣬ǳҲûˡ
ɱֻðˣҪĴѧԺ͵Ҫĸ񽣡÷ʦ㻹ǿѽ
һ񽣾óӷ˳ҪȥɫС棬ĸ񽣵ǳӷǾԲеġ
ҸϢԸһġȻܸģȻܽһϢպҲ뾡һа취㣬ǳǣв½߳ơ
˵˭ᣬ˵ģȴҪСҲһھʹӦ㣬ҲȸҵϢ
÷óһֻݸӷ磬ӷӹһǸPDAĻһͼͼȴеģ壬ϸĻܴпʲôġ
ˣӦò̫İɣ
ӷ˵ͷ˵һ̫һһǻ
û
ǵжԹϵͼϣȴ֡÷ʦͼǴģ
ͼڰǰĵġ
ǰĵģǸʱҿɲǳǡ
ǲڣڡңȫ˭֪ڴǰѾʼչصģȻˣΪʲôڰǰ֣أ
ʲô˼
ϣֹֻϵ໥֡һѣڶǡ
ϵ
û
ң̫һһģ
÷û˵˼óӷԼȥˣΪô˵ͼùģǼ٣óӷԼȥжϰɣ
ӷⲻ̫ܣڽʱ̫һԣ̫һ˻ֵжԹϵôǼٵģϷ˿ģϷˣɶܳΪӰˣ


2066 ҳ
Ǳ߱ͲôɿֳͼӷͼǾûģΪ÷ĸûҪƭԼҪƭҲķ
ӣ̫һ֮䣬ʲôЭ飬ڽڵһսҲϷ˿ģӷ룬ڽһսϷǻʵԶԶֹչֵǰˣ
һ̫һӵˣټһ֣ԼһĻӷ׶༪ˣ
ڣ÷Ľ¸Լ̫һĹϵǲԼǰ㣬Ǻõġ
Ȼ£Ȼǲй¶ȥģݾߣȳӷҵһʱҲ̫һĳΪУȴڣ
ôһϢԾһˣԺϢȻԽԽãԣҸϢʵС׼׵ģһ㶼Կռ˾Եıˡ
÷ĻǸʦһ͵Ĵڡ
ӷҲ֪÷Ů˵Ұ󣬵һܣ̫һڱչʱ棬Ǻε֮£ôܱ÷ĸĵأ
ӣ÷Ĳ̫һЩһԵļ򵥣ӷвҲԲ̫һ֮£ӷɣ÷Ĳǵһ˵ģ̫һͼӦ˸ģô÷ͼʲôˣִʲôĿأ
ǳǣ飬ԽԽˣҲԽԽˣ·ǳǣȫԼĵˣǸ֮䣬ҲݵģĽΪ˸Ե𣬻ԭ
һ£һǶܳΪһ̣˭أΪ֮ˣܷܲΪΪأҪӷһˣ
÷ļӷڶʲôҲܶ˵ʲôˣʵ䷴ӷᣬɣ÷ֻ뿪
кû뿪÷ģ߳ѫȺ󣬾ֱʧ˴ϣϢһۼҲ
ԪվڹѫȺһ䣬˫۳ΧȥûκεĲԾû÷ĳ֮ͷ̾ͷϳȥˡ
һҲûɵĵط
ԭϳ¥ϴƣֻǹΪһεģ÷뿪ǰԪǰȥˣû˸÷һ
ղŵĻǶ˰ɣ
ţ̫һȷŲɸ˵ѽ
Ϊؼǣǵ𰸣һʱҲǸ÷ģԪǰȥûԣ÷ĵԪ֮ϡ
Ԫ˵÷֪ģ¹ѧԺһܲ۵ʦ¹ѧԺҵһֱûȥĵط
飬Ҫ֪÷ĵݣ
ֵܣǻɣ÷ĳ¹ѧԺʦ֮⣬ݣ
ûֻһʦ֮ҰģҪΪĴѧԺ쵼ˣеҰģҲںһ¹ѧԺѣ뵽ѧԺȥ
ӣ÷ĴѧԺעˣǴδй顣˵Ǽһ᲻½ļϸ
ֻһϸǻð죬¾£½ûκιϵ
ʲô˼
ڻ޷϶պٸǰɡڣһȥһ˲ңҲֻвңˣ
ӷͬʱ뿪˱֮ʱҡ
λǳ棬ľȽ٣ǰҵ֮ԻὨһʼڽʮŰᵽģֻΪҵû䣬ѾЩشסȥˣüĴѹǴ
ˣôǿŵģ
Ȼͣ½ŲΪѾҸκˣҾôûҲһ壬Ȼׯ԰ʽģһׯ԰صٲ˵ģڸȴӰ
ɱ
ӷһڣһɱͻȻ漴һҽóӷ໥һۣͬˣ
Ͻȥ
嶯Ǹ壬Ǿ鷳ˡ
ô죬
ŽϳȻƵȥҸԪӲŽҡǧҪСģ˵ѦѾԲˣڲѦǵˣһҪһеҽѦǵ˸
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ӷԪӲŽ˲ңһƬеˡ
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𼱣ҲֿȥǱߣȥطϳҲǧҪȥǱߣһȦ׵ĻĸȫȦ
ãǿҪСһ㡣
Ԫ쳯Ա߶ȥӷ̳ķȥٶȷǳ졣
ǰʱӷѾ˵ڵϣǵĲϣһ˿ڣһ˿ڡ
ŵֶΣȻֱڲҶɱˣӣѦһΪ
ӷ籾Ǵֱӳģȴһ룬˾ڲҵĿڵţԼȥ͵ֱӵǵȦףǻɱ
˼֮󣬳ӷȽڵҽⶰݵĿڣ᲻ʲô
һӣӣӡ
ͻȻңƹֻׯ԰˷һȺȺˡ
֡
ֻһ仰ӷͷˣһʱ֮䣬ʮǿߣӷڵλó֮󣬻źܶˡ
ӷ룬ЩһﲻûӰɣҪݺԼĻҲԼٶѽڣԼվſڣǾѾ˹ˡ
ϣʮǿֵ֮һˣȻǲأóӷһʱ֮㲻״׷ʲô£ظЩһǾ˵ЩˣȫӦǲҵˣ
Сӣû£
ֻһ׷ߵһ嵽ӷߣֹͣ˫Ŀڣڳӷ磬һⶼûУ
ҲѾ˹ӷȻԼңʵô
ӷһͿô£׷ʲôѽҳ£Լеҵȴ󵽣ǻץ֣ڿûԼѽ

أһЦӴڴ˳ЦһˣȫһѺһסӷ磬˵ûʲô£ϸ뿪


2067 
⵽׷ʲô£Цʲô˷ģ
˵ڲɱߣѦǷˣ˵ǳӷ磬ǲԼ˶ţΪεĳϻ᳤Ԫ´ﲻ׼භãʱĸ嶯ֵĻǾ͵ͷԪ᳤ȻŹģҲͷôһȫһʾǼҪҲԵɱѽӦڰнеģԿԿ϶һ㣬ɱߣԲǼˣҲǳǵˡ
ߣڴڵˣǳǵģҲв½ģǾһңǸ򵥵ĽɫûɽҾû䣬Ҳʲô˶ɱ˰ɡ
óӷ뿪ӣǲ˳ӷ磬飬ֻǲһҵ£ûϵȻ˿Ǿ˵֮ϣ
һϵſڵߣǲҵμҲǲصүү
ҵ˲޷޷ֻһĶֵأҲǸµĽɫ淢ʲô£Ҳվмλã˭Ҳ˭Ҳ
ˣѸ˽ģһգǲΪ˵ּڲû֮Ϊּ
ԣɱߣһǲҵĳˣȻǳˣǾµģ
νǿߣֳ͵ǿߣֵģǶǿ֮ƣ˷ãҲᱻ˵ġ֪ݸǿߣǳǣȥѦЩǿƼ鷳˲ңʲô
ӷ֪ҳ£͸ˣϴڽûﵽأʹĲǷԼ飬ǽ죬һҪòҶԼжȻǰǣɱ˵ļһǧҪǰѽӷǳԲġ
Դ˵ǱǳǣҲ֮ҲɱˣŮ˸СŹҲҵ׸кεޣ
ԱߵļˣȫǲҵˣŮˣһҲŮҲǲصá
ʵҲǸˣǲûˣںܶ෽˵ϻһ鷳ͻǲȥͷʮǰļӸŮȫһ붫½Ĵսսֻ²ӸһŮ죬Ůɱֻʣ²һˣ׷ͺڷˣƽ̣Ҳ̲סġ
Ҳ֪ȻԷ̽ԼҵȫȻԼɱˣܲó֪ȻԼӦģȶ֣ҲҪףң
Ѿʮ߸ˣһӡ
ڵȫһ
һҲ̫˰ɣ㻰㲻˵ɱ˶ˣҪɱ˭˳ѵҲ˲ɣ

ңʱҲҪһսֻʣ²ôһˣһһòس¡
ϻͲǰϻᣬϷֵ
֪ǿסģ⼸ǿסֻгϻᣬűסԼˣ
үүҲߣҪǲҹͬˡ
أǿ󣬽ǲڽˣҪΪǲµȥϻᣬԪ᳤棬ǲұ𡣡
ⶼû֣Ѿ뵽ˣӣԷʵԶԶڲ֮ϣ
ȻѾǳǣȻ·ģΪǳǳϻܶԸ𣡲ҷȰһ䣬ǹ⣬򲻿ԣǽɡ
ʲôҪʲôģ֪ԷҪʲôȴŵ¶ԷڲɱˡҲ˵ˣڲɱ֮ǰѾӴˡ
ҪҲ롣
ԭҪģǲǧܵһǿߵı
粻ϹͷӣֻǴɱˡ
ͬʱһ˵ӰѾӴ˳
һûκεıϢȴǿޱȡ
ʲôʲôӷ绹ģ˿ɲҪǸһû뵽ǵ
ң˸һ֣óӷǰһˣӷȻ
㣡
ӷ粻ɵ˵һ仰˫һת˳ӷ磬ȴûиӷ˵һ仰
ϳҲʱ˹˶һˣϳ˵һʲôµġŪ
嶯ˣڲɽʱ
ڲɽʱǼ֣ңʱ֮ǰ˵ҳӷģû뵽ôּˣҵȴǳӷ磬ǲҡ

ûڲɽʱֵǸӷѾ²⵽ںǿˣû뵽Ȼ¼档
ǳӷѪԪ̽ӹʱû˿ķŻóӷóѵģһӵһ磬ǳǾǰĴڣ
ʵʶ
ʶȴʶͬһ
ͬһ
ӷܻɱ񽣣ǽܻɱǰˣ
ӷ磬ֻҪɱΪҲȥ˱ΪñǴӽҲ£ȫĺ
ǸûѽͲҪ˵ʲôֻҪܵõˣ
ӷɱ񽣶˵ĳ񽣵Сˣûг£ҪɱǾ԰첻ģ
ô˵ǶڽһսҲˣ£Ȼǰˣһûա
ӷ粻˵ԼԸˣֻ˵ûգòҵ˱һ˿ϣϣֲܴ


2068 ޻
ڲһܣҵȫ²ܣӵԸ˵ҪĻ͵һȥ
Ͻ죬죬ң
ؼӷҲûаնԸǰˣڸ͹ܲôˣһѳǰһִֻһӡ⣬ĳɢⱾǿҵĽ⣬ȴգ֮䡰ॡһΪ룬нǰ룬˲صǰϣһ룬ػС
Ͻ죬ҪҪƴһս
أǲǷˣ
һ٣̻Ӱһ˲ǰʲôĲȴ̫ˣѾһӰԭأʵ壬ȴ˹ȥ
ΪԽΪ𡣲ҾѧϽ
ϳ໥һۣؾȻ˲ҾѧΪϽĽҶѾʮδɹˣ
ֻص壬Ϊһ⣬ǰѶѵĳΪһ壬Ϊ⣬ѳѾǰ
ӷ粢֪ʲôѧʵʲôǶϽ
ϽǲһŸ߳ԶгںڶϽ֮ϣʵ廯Ϊ⣬ͬھ
ҵľѧƼ򵥣ҪֽͱһǰᣬǾǲΪֽԭͬھĽĻͲĳɡ
Ͻһͻ̼䱩һٱһٱһ
̼䱣һٱò˵ҵľѧȻǺݶޱȣѹ˵ѾʮûֽˣɣĻҲѽ
ᣬ˳嶯ûĹͷƴһԲǸµϣֵ˵ֲԸǿԵģ٣ϣʤ˵һ롣
Եһӵһĳǿߣͬһεģӷ綼ҪеȥӦһٱֻǿһٱԽǿǿԽ󣬵ԣֹ߳ذٱֳǿߣûá
ӷѾҪСҲѾȫ˳װɲǴ˵
Σʱ̣һ취ûУûȥϽӲ֪ʲôʱġ
أֹͣûġ
ͫ׷ŴڲҾͲôһˣضˣǾ㱣סΣҲض
ӷ̾˿һӣ֣ظͬʱã޸ŲصС棬õظѹסˣĲ޷ȥ˿ҲΪڵ֮Уضʱʧȥ˹Ŀ꣬Ѿӽ֪ΪΣصԭء
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Ÿƴʱƴɣ
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ӷ粻Ҫٶ˵ʲôϻǱ֪֪ӷɲܿ϶ֻ˵İˣôȥ룬Ǿǲˡ
λѣν˴ˣ֮ʵЩǰͬϰСֺαظϾɱءһߣպĵӦúɡ
ӷ˵ʲôģɼȻڳӷվ˳ҪΪҳͷҲˡ
СֵܣҶӡ󻹲Һ㡣£òҪܣɱ֮
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ȻһʶҲͲˡְɡ
˵⻰ʱӷһʶ裬ϵλȻԳӷһˣƲУҪˣ
̾˿˵ҵˣǺαأҪ֪½ϲ½ķƣ½ݣ½ı룬ѾԹԽˡֻʣв½ҵֻҪǹԹԽ쿴λСֵܵϣҲǲôǼԴǲв½𡣡
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㵹˵˵ҪҵΪζãҲûԴġ
˼ұҪõģҲǷ£СֵܾͱΪˡ
ǸӲҪֵĻҼϳӷ缸ˣܱס񣬵ȴ˳ӷӣڶûӲ
£
ĸ֣ɱ컹ѽ
Ҫ֪һôĽɫˣǷµˣǿ֪´ģֽһôĽɫ
㲻½ˣ
ûԺ⡣
ûκεֱӵ
Ժ⣿
ӷ缸ˣҵˣ⻰ǲ໥һۡ
ߣ⣬˾ס
˵ЩΪĴ½½ȴĴڡռĵһ磬ѵľֻ½˵СЩˣҲ̫֪ˣ
ӷķųһΧȴһ㷴ӦûУӷһ˱仯ͬʱ˫ۣҲһɫɫ򣬿ڳÿһ⡣
ӷ磬˺࣡
ͻأգۼ䣬ͳ˳ӷߡ
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ûȫϢϢͲ࣡ޣ޵Ļ
ӷȻһһޣ޾ȻҲܱˣ͸ʱĳһ
ų裬˵һۿҵĲͬӣҲǳˡһλᣬܿҵԭұ㵱㲻ڡ㿴죬Ҫ
ɲᱻĻŵ˵㵱ǱŴ𣡲һʲô˲ġ

һ
ҵԭǺ˳ƣ


2069 ȫǣ
ޣԭǱħ޻߳һεϣ棬֮ģҪħҪǿ򣬵ľĳҲ޻ˣֱЩħ޾Ϳˣ
һںеޣϸû̫Ҳ˵һˮԵ֣
ųƶ֪Զģ½֮⣬ߵĺ
û뵽Ĵ½еޣȻҲܱ仯ΪΣ˵ǿ
ǰħŮħ޵֮£ͬĴڣܻΪΣǴĳ˵ҲһĴڣ֮࣬ǿǰĳھľѾǿˣĳҪǿܶ౶
ǣӷ֣Ȼܴһ񽣣ǽ죬ܴĻ˾ͷһս
Ȼӷɲһ뷨˵ʵ֣ܲǾΪãһ治֪һôĽ
ϴҽȫڣԸ
ӷЦһ˵ҺֻԼһ̸ȥҪʱԼӵİˡ㲻ΪܴĹɣ
ˣǳӷһȽϸֶΣǰƵǿҲˣƵһ죬ӷûкƶǺƲҵˣ
˵Ǹһεģǳӷ粻Ѳҵŵ̫أǰ㣬ǱǳǺֱܵѵ治³ϻǱԸ
֮ǰҲѾ˵ϻǱߵڶûһˣΪǲ֪ĵѾ֪ˣȴһֱûκεķӦ˵ʲô˵ϻǱߣҲɻģ
ڰ֮ϡ
ӷ˻һ̱ɫ԰ף
ڰ֮ϣ
һ񽣣Ѿ̬ˣǰޣȻڰ֮ϣʲôЦѽ
ղŲ˵ͬһ𣡡
񽣾һ磬ԱҲһһ棬Ҳ̽ӹ֣СڣǴһġ
ѽʵʱڲɽӷ˶ûз£ѪԪȥ̽СڣȻһ硣
ղ˵ֻһ磬ǳӷ粻뽫һ̫ǿ󣬿ʵʵӷô룬Ҳӵһĳǿߣ
ڼϾģҲһ磬ټҵܷһ翹⣬Ӧиɡ
򲻹һ磬ǲĶ֡ȻµȫӳǱ˵һ磬ʮҲֻϧµ޷ȫӳ
Ĺ֮ôӵеĻҲǻĹ֮ˣһǧǰҲûҪĹ֮ӷ硣
ӣǴ򲻹ģֻķ
ӷԶ˵ղ˵ǷҪȡҵ֪˭
񶫺ĳǿߣӵһĳǿߣǷ֮Ǹʩ֮ˣǸǿӷǱɱĻɫ
СֵܣѾ˵ͷˣԼҪ쿴ϣܷŲһֻһЩˣ˵㣬һңв½½ϣǵﲻģҲΪʲôĸõ֮ˣԹԽｻҵҪԭ򡣡
ӣ½Уû֪֮˵ݣǲ֪һ֪ԷĿ£ŲȥԹԽճ˶ġ
ν˾һߣҾһɣһʼͶԳӷǿǿ߶ܶһˣǳӷ绹˵ʲôΪһңȥǿߣպ鷳
⣬ӷҲܿŲұѽǾὫ񽻳ģǷ£Ϊѣ£Ҫˡ
Сֵܣվԭزұ֤ѵİȫѶˣҾʲôܱ֤ˡ
˶٣ʵһ䣬ǽǲ
Ҳ㡣
ȻˣҲû취ˡ
ͻأǳǣһѩ֮Уѩ̼ϯǳǣв½֮һĵطѩϮ
Ԫߣ裬ˮµǰ㣬ɲ֪ǿ˶ٱһϯ֮ƣҲֱӾ;ǳǣϻǱߵĳϣȻҲסˣֻ⣬ȫ߳
֮ƿν£ΪζǳһСС˶֡
ֻҹУ˳ϻϣǳӷģͬٸǧ⣬𣬹кƳǿߣҲȫ˹Ѧҷ棬ѦӴžһϵЩ˵ȴһ˸ֱȥģȫΧ˲ҵİС
ϻҲһǽ̫ˣǳϻϣϵҲڶ֮ϣ˶ͬһεģͬһΣȫһ硣
ɶǳ൱ǿߣû˿ľıҲû˿ת䣬ǰĳȡ
ǳǵĳϻᣬôֻô
ЦһҲδ̫˰ɣ
䣬ĲҴʱը˿һı½һ𣬻Ϊһ޴ıʹڶͷֱҹգ֮ƣĳӷˣȫˡ
ʲôѵһ֮սǳǲɣ
ϳǼȫӷ󣬳ӷһֵסƣƣȴգ֮䣬Ϊ޴סǳǣ
һ֮ǳǵǿ֪ǿˣһ֮⣬ĵƣܸ
ǿһﵽʲô
ǧ㳤϶ԼۼѾԼˣӣûе
ҵȲ£ֻǵһˣ֣ɡǧ㳤ϣͬٳϣɱͷǽ󡣡


2070 Ԫ
ͬʱ֣һֵܵ˵ӷֻ֮Եμ䣬ûԳӷôһǳӷӣˣӷύǣԷӣȴύƵģʵĲûйϵֻΪͲ½֮еģԺǿߣǷǰģûж飡
ӷ֪ԼҪĴ½չǾҪԺȲܺǿһôĵزܸϹϵǵʱԺʱҲڵһʱ䣬˽⵽ǵĲ
ȻҷԴڱߵһ·ߣڸϹϵͬʱֲҸˣһӷѵľơ
ڣϻʱ֣һֶԸһˣʱʲô£ӷһǱضöԼøС
ﲻǵ磬ӷһ֮ҪǾҪͬܶʱȺˣСˣҲǱҪģµҪ붫ΪУڴ֮ǰӷѡ£϶
ֵס֣Ǿͷ
һԣӷѾ˴㡣
Ǹǳǣ㷴˶Ըǳǵĳϣңû뿪ˡ
ܶʱˣǲҪԶֵġ
˼ǡ
г֣͵ϮϼһҲʲôöڰʧ٣ϻڲִССͬ⣬㱻֪ҸɵģΪ˴룬ҲҶôϾɻһδͳߵݡ
ѽӷ֪δͳߵݣҲΪʲôڣϻᶼӷԭ֮һһѳӷǼˣδͳߵй¶Ĵ½Ĵ½֣δͳߣأһǳǳϻᣬǵвĴ½ŲŰɡ
ӷ벻ǣԼʱ£϶ԼѿϣϣȻеҲ
붫Ϊһ壬ͻȻǻ˹Ƶģڱͷ֮ϣϸչʱѾԦűɵҹյС
ӷҵˣȫ̧ͷûĵ֣Ȼ̼㿪ǵĽһҪҹУԦıֱӽգʹı˵ıͻ޵
ǿɱ
У֪ʱһ֧ɱγɵȨȣȨһָ֧Ŵһ··ҹг֡
ͬʱβҲѾ·ķϻ˹ȥһ󺰵ǧޡɱ
ҹеı·βͬʱγͬķ򣬳·ȥ
κӿɱ
ķѣεͬʱγޱǿı̷Ϊ㿪ǸûҪذ㣬һδУûнĽǽһգͷ֮ϣҹ绺ȫΪһı磬ҵȥ
һ㣬ǽǲ
ӣɱ˵ģֻҪ飬Ҳûϡ
˵Ϸ˵б£ͽȫɱ⡣
ӷ̾һҵȷǲܽģڣϣҲ𽥳΢΢ɱ˫֮Уһ׹ǰˣϣûκһģ
ұ⿪ɱ䣬ȻЩ˲ʶʱǾݹˡ
˵ʵǿǳΪУȴǳҪǲңе̫˰ɡ
ǳǳϻᣡ򴨺ڣ
ͻȻһ򴨺ڣǲʶ½еΪʲôʱʰ򴨣
ӷ籾²⣬򴨵ʧ٣᲻йأڣǺǿߣȴʰʲôط֤򴨵ʧ٣Ӧûйϵ٣ڵĺûйϵ
ǧ㳤˵ȫ˭˲֪ǿߣвǿڣȫʧˣֺα֪أ
ѽǿߵʧٿɲС£½֮Ѿķзˣ˲֪ġ
ǧ㳤ϿȻȫ¶֪飬ʣǱضη˰򴨣ǳڣľ
ʧ٣һʧ٣ѵǲҼҲɣ
⻰˵ģͺ򴨺Ƶģʶˣ
ʵǿȥˣ̫ûԼЩ˷
֮Ҳ֮⺰ǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
СҲǰ˵Ҷ½ﲢ˽⣬Ҳʶڵ꣬򴨸ոճʱҲҵ³Թ
ʲô
򴨸ոճʱǶǰˣҲʮʮ˰ɣڶ³Թôܣ򴨴δйսܵļ¼½֪ѽ
󣬾Ȼ˵³Թ浱Լͳ߲ɣ
֪С֮Ļ
û֮⣬ɳӷȴˡӣ򴨵꣬ǳģǳĶȴû߼ͱ˸˻ˣǶ
նԣͣӦñȰ򴨻Ҫ󣬷򣬰򴨲³ԿģôͱȰ򴨴ʵأ
ӷ໥һۣǶ뵽ʲôƵģɲȳӷͼǳǵλãһϣֻ֮Уһ
ǿǱ̫һҪǿģУһϵΧʯ׹䣡
Ԫ᳤
ͬٳ˫ȥѾƶˣǳǣܷǿģֻһˣǾǸոεĳϻ᳤Ԫꡣ
ȫˣ֮ǰּһŴճܹ֮˲ҵϿա
û뵽Ԫ᳤ˣǲңѽ
Цһ˵ûа򴨣ҲǾɡ
䣬˫УȻ׹⣬׹ʱγΣڶпٵ׳
ǡ
ӷ󾪣е׹ɲѽҲʲô׹ǡ
磡
ɫ԰ףŶе׹򣬾Ȼ仯磡
һ磬ںϡ
ԭӵһĶ˿̣Ȼֻһ磬С档
߸һ磡ģ


2071 
ѹֶ˵޼ɵҽǳɱˣԭһﲻһ磬Ҳһ磬źء
߸
ûԪ굽һС棬СڣѾ߸һˣ֮ǿ󣬾Ϊˣ޷Ԥ֪ǿһôĵز
ȻǼԪ굽ں磬˵ϻεĻ᳤Ҳ߰˸һɡ
ЩһǴĻôһģռ䣬֮𣿿ӣӷҪԲ񷶦ȥһԶԶģ취ȥЩǿˣȻһԼӵһϵǿߣƨѽ
赹˿˵ûְһͲҪκ˰ģһ֮Ϳǳǡ
һ֮ǳǣǾ͵в½
ģЩһǿһôĵزֻһˣͿսһв½ǻ˵ã
Ȼӷţ񶫺ĽɫȲ˵⣬Ƕ棬ӦǶˡ
һżֻܹϣһˣһˣͲǺܴҲʮӣôⳤϻλ᳤
ɵ˳ͷҵϿʱڳǳǵȫϹѦңѦĴڣϣҲȫˡ
Ԫ᳤
һƺŲκεٰɡ
ǳǳϻλ᳤Ԫ꣬û뵽꣬ʮϹȻôãƽûʶ֮£ӷ綨ᵱֻһ·ˡ
Ԫȫɢ⣬󣬳ʮ⻷⻷ȫסΧܶɫĺڷɶţһ£޷Ե˵Ʈ죬ͬ񻰹°·
ǳǣԪǵһˣ㣬ɵġ˵Ԫ궼öû취ĻǽǾԱסˣǲ񣬱ضᱻŵģ
ԪӰ䣬䵽붫ƽеλã̬ĳǿ໥ţûж֣ЩѾǿҵĵ绨
ˣǳǹ͹ٶȲúдԹˣʵǲѽ
ԪһǸˣ࣬˱Ͷһġ
һ仰Ҳ˵߸һҲûӣΪԼһ·ͬʱҲΪǳһ·Ϊһ˫ռκκôġ
ٿԪ꣬ԶʱҲû˿ı֣һ΢µûɢûκεļƿԣҲ̫Ҫȶֵӡ
˶ȳ֣˵˵Ӧڲ֮ģⲮ֮ȴԻٵǳǣ
֪ʹӺηǳǣкιɣ
ӶҪ㶫
ߣɾ֪߱ڶ½Ҳûɣ
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в½ĶȻǶ½Ƕ½ٶǾǡ
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⣬½˵͵Ĵ½һأ˻⺣飬ЩģҲȫѾˡ
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Ԫ֪ʱ򣬵ȷһκǴľ벢ǺԶͷˣҲδ˵ں£кܶ˲²⣬ں⣬ͬŴ½ģֻЩ½ߵĴ½ڵľ̫ңԶܹȥǱߵҲ⵼º⣬Ϊ½еһ˵
ǰ֮ˣǴӺģĽһˣ
ԪȻܱ򴨵Ϊλ᳤ǲķ棬ʮֳڵġ
ԺЩǿߣԪǲԷĵϸûܻԼԿ
һϢӣӦòɣ
ԪѾݣͲࡣ
סףãһ𣿡
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Ҷͺˡ
ǲ֪ͼǳк裿
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ǲв½˵Ҳǳǧһεʱֿ쵽ˣŹͼȻҪȻ֪ʲôõİɣ
Ȼ֪
Ȼʲô֪ҲӦ֪ǲܸ˵ģǲԼӦҳϻᣬҲͬġ
Ҿֻˡ
ҪĻҲֻܲ˵ء
ͶǾ˵ϻˡҪҪأͿû¡
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ǰ򴨻᳤ʧ٣ǲǸйأ
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Ȼ˵ûϵɡ񣬾ڲңܴܱȻڹ͵ġ
ʱ򣬳ӷ˶ԪԱߣ˵֡
Ԫͬʱתųӷ硣
󳬼ǿ֮սʲôʱֵһëͷСӳ˵ĵˣȻҳֹӻ治Сѽ
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£˶ܹܣΪʲôûҵ¡
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ҪܵĻûʲôǹܲ˵ġ
Ŷʲôˣ
ӷ硣
һӷ֣Ԫ궼һ£˫ϸĴųӷ磬ԭСӾǽʱôµļһ
ܻŴӺĹСҲ򵥡Աǹ죬û˿ԪҲǱûģ㣬ȫǲö¶֣СӾ°ɡ
ࣿǸЦǳӷ֪δͳߵݣԪҲ²ӷھȻĽڣԼܴ˶ɵѽ
Ǹ̫һЩֵģңͲҪˣԭҲǳǵˡ
ӷһھܾԪġ⡱Ԫɫʱ䣬ûƵģ˫¶׹⡣
˵Сֵܣ㻹°ɣ㡣
ңģǻ˲ҡ

ԪŭһȻԶʱ򣬶Գӷ緢ˡ
ǿֱӳӷ˹ȥ
Сֵܣ
Ӱһֱӵ˳ӷ󣬵һӣԪȫƽ⡣
˶֪ʲô£ǸʲôΪʲôԪԳӷ֣ȴ˳ӷ磬е˰ɣ


2072 
Ԫһǰ緶ľУӷֻ˵˼仰ȻҪԳӷ֣ˣݲðɳӵģҲκǰΪҪȹȨҪ˶ҪΪǳڶ򴨣ҲֻгΪڶ򴨣£ȫ¶֪в½ǳǣ˰֮⣬һԪ꣡
Ԫ磬Ƿʱ䣬ˣôǿܸ⣬ӷҲԲǸӣ˭ġ϶Գӷӡʮֺãڲɽʱ˭ǰԼţֻгӷΪҲǿߵ̫ˣټӷȻһʣӷӣҲΪˡ
Ӱ΢Ѿ˳ӷǰԪ̼͸Ƴˣʹˣ֪⵽ô£Ԫ֮Ľ֣ʲôʱɳӷˡ
ȻӷҲǲµˣкܶˣֻҪеӵģ¶ԿĳԪٶΪʲôɡ
һԪ꣬ô䣬ܱɰ򴨣ҲȰ򴨲֮࣬˲ֻ֪򴨣֪ԪŽɫȴͬԺ⣬һУ½е˶֪ܶҪȥ̽ӵǿߣҲȥ޻صģԣڶԪ˵һ֪Ⲣ˽ԪЩˣҹһ˽ǳǣһ֮ȫǵǿߣɼ֮ǰѾ׼⣬ʱںһС棬˭ܱ֤ûеһ磬ĸһ磬һһ糬ԪǽҲԪˣ
Ȼ޷ȥȷʵֲȥҵôԪҪ취ھ붫ֵͬʱҵס
˵û뵽ӷȻѾʶԡСֵܡƣԪ뵽βԳӷ磬赲ء
СӣȻѾǳǣһУ㶼Ҫϵǳǵ档ǰЩ飬ǳǵ棬ü໥ɱ˰񽣣ľʧһ󽫣ЩԼ̣ҲԱ֤ڿʼ˶ôǣڿʼҪΪǳƴ
ԪҲɵѽӷǳǸɵЩ飬һҲѦǲŹģڣԼ˳ӷһᣬԪ꿴ǸĻᣬԪ뷨˼ά˵Ļӷ綨εץס󲻱Ѧ
ǣԪ벻ӷȴǲмһ˵ӣ˵֮ǰ鶼Լ̣ȴҪڽ죬ǰɣ
ԪĻ湻ģóӷȥԸܳӷԲԸˣֻҪܶסУԪһ͵ϮƶҲǳԲġȻԪҲ㶼뵽ⷽȥʲô˶ܰԪ뷨ȥģɼȻӷܻɱ񽣣ֵܵĶһаɡ
û챾ǹͣȴޱȵķǳǣԲֿˡ
ǰӷ罫˵ֱӸվһǳɱһȻ˱ǣ֮ѵû֮
ɽʱͬգȲ˵ӷһ뿪ǳǻûطȥеطȥµݵ³ӷ𣡱ˣӷǻŴӺĹˣ½ɶҪҳӷģǳ߸ӲܷγӷȥҪ߿ԣȰ
˼ȥӷҲҪ´֮ٿԼȥڣҲ밴Ԫ˵ͷ
СֵܣԼ·Լѡ񡣵ȻΪУȻҲ̫Ϊ㡣ǳǵĿֻһĿĴﵽҶȥ
湻ѣ˵˲Ϊѳӷ磬ͶȻΪѵġ
ӷҲһҪ֣˼߸һ磬ԸԼһоɱˡ
ɾ˶ûӦʱԪ껹ųӷʱͻȻһתһ⣬Ĳȥ
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һӶзֻϣɢһǿҵĺ⣬һִɫĺ⣬ͬһ仨㣬Ӳųɲͷϣγһ޵Ļ䡣
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Ԫۿȥ赲Χȫһӵ˷
֪ϣȫҹ
¡һڱǿޱȵֱӲǳǡ߸һڳԪ֮⣬˵ֵסȫˡ
Ӱһתڱ˵ĲϷγһɫУֻǶɫĻ䣬и˽ȥ
쵰Ҳ
ؼѱߣҪȥƴӷǰظ˵㲻Ҫ˿ϻᶼԸ˵ģ
ſңϾҪˣʱ˶ȥ
˵ʲôϾҪˣ
û
жã
ʮӣԲ֮ʱ֮ǲҽҲۼô룬ȫ˶ۼ˹ȴδ֮ǰɱʮҲɱ
ҼȻһûļ壬ƽͲô˵ģԭϣ֮ʱҵгԱŻۼôȫġ
Ϊʲô˵˵Ļһһʱ䣬ֻһҲ޷ˣ
ѽֻҪһʱ䣬һǶ޷ˣҪģҲֻһȫͷ˳پı񣬶˵Ҳ𲻵κˣ

Ϊʱ
ظ˦ӷ֣սһɫıУͻȻųɺ⣬Ҳʱ򷢳һ˵Ǳ񷢳һĶðһ˵ȻȻ˿
絹׵Ĳɺ⣬¶˷ܵı顣
ԪҲʱǺ֮⣬ܶ඼һĪ֪ʲô£
ҪˣˣˣҪ⣬Ȼᱻȥģ


2073 һȺҪå
ǧ굮һεΪʲôŽǧԭܼ򵥣ΪҲ۵ģÿһҪһ꣬Ҳ˵ǽµʮù⣬Ϳ֪ÿһǺεǿҪȥСģҲûС棬ȫƾάţһʮĴڣҲһǳΣյĴڡ
ŮԣҲһƺţԱΪԱΪԱΪҲҶ±һ鱦ٵǧ꣬ٴεԴѾ֪ٴˣڲõ֮ǰѾںܶ˵ϵΪֹȴһ˵֪Ϊʲô߱
ɺ⣬Ѿǳͬв½ҹҲˣº͵Ϣȴ΢þòĶ
ԪѾ䣬֪ᷢʲô£һ˺ˣһȴѾˣ
Բ֮ڣ˶оԼʧӦ˵ÿһ˵ˣҲԪЩڣȻģӷҲ⣬ڵ޷ƵıߣܶǿˣΪʧѾʧȥǸƤңΪһѰ׹ǣǣԲڣֻҪֲҲͬһʱʧϣðһϢҲˣеȫΪһ㣬ӿȥա
ӷ翴ΧʮʧȥˣһѶѵİ׹ǣ׹ǣ˿Ҳ𽥵ʧΪڰ׹ϣǴ΢Сģ񣬾ȻôһŹԼĵֿǿв񷶦ĻԳԭСı״Ƴӷǵһġ
Ѿ˳˰֮أ̬ǿߣʱԵĺΣʧȥǵǲںģڣҲûȥע⡣
㲻㣡û뵽һһ
̾˿ԵĺǾɥԶӶ½Ϊ˶ȡ½ļȴûܵõ֡
ӣ˼ˣҲʱȥˡ
ɺֿ˳ӷ磬ǸǻͿԼôȥհɡ
䣬תҪȥӷǰ
СֵܣѾҲѾûˣҲǰˡͺΪ֮ɣ
ܷ֪ʲôģΪҪȱ
Сֵܣܶ黹ǲ֪Ϊã֪ˣûκεĺô
˶٣лһűɫӣ˵ҲԵһű̺СֵΪɣԺСֵܴҶ򣬽ϣ֮·ͨ裡
̺ӶУƶ˳ӷǰ
ӷһֽӹ̺飬˵лº⣬պ󶨵ǰֻϣǲΪˣ
ЦӰʧЦ֮УﴫԭΪһأκҰġԹŶģಢСĻ﷫ȥӴ˺Ĳ㣡
Զţһʫȴִ޾ĸп
Ԫ˼ȫȴҲûһʫ֮⡣
ӷöʫһر˼ԭΪһأԹŶģĻ﷫ȥӴ˺Ĳ㣡
˸Уˣ˸Уˣȴڶģһִڻ˸иˡ
Ͳݳӷȥ룬˿̵ѾʮǿУȴִżħԣħԣӷǺԵĸоԭº͵ôתħأ
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ĺУ˿ѾһӤӤۡĿȴʮֹ죬ͲͨӤĿдʧ
ȫʧһƤӤͳУ鱦ҲѾȫˣ˵ӤӤǱ仯ɵġӤǣ
ӷãӤĿǴӤһǿγɵģȴһּΪǿħħƣȴȳħҪǿ
ʲô񣬼ֱһħ̥ĵ
ҹеԲ£һȫΪ˺ɫΧһƬƬɫƮǳǣ·һɫС
ɫ¹⣬Ӥϣܿ죬ӤͿʼɳٶ֮죬̾Ϊֹһ֮䣬ѾһӤ壬ںɫ¹£Ӥڲϵĳɳ꣬꣡
˵ĳɳٶ˶֪ģʱܶ˵ĶһѺһӵǿӦ˵ǻûʱɱôˣô˵һȫɳεĿ¡
ԲҵÿǲҵҲ⡣
ӣҪˡ
̫ǿҲ̫죬ͺƵġȻС淢ҲûСĴڣֻǿ
ΪǿܱҲʮ֮ںĹ⡣ܿ𣬵Ҳֻʮˡǰļأÿһ죬ǧ꣬ģٱΪǿ鱦ٵǧꡣ
٣ʮڣǿһеġ
ҲδأԪ᳤ϣѦǶɵϡ˵ÿεΪҵһ̫ˣѦǣܿŲģע⡣㿴ŰɣղǸǿˣѦǶԲҷѣŽԼ¡
Щ۵ͬʱѾɳΪһʮСŮСŮȴ˵ʣϵһУȫ⣬ԼʲôطģҲ֪ʮͣʵһûʲôģ
ǲô꣬ÿȥǲҶҪûǧֻ꣬ļ壬ҿֱӽתͱҰɣܽתѦңѦӱ֤ӽ󣬲ҵѦҵ飬ǧ
Ѧӵһˣ⼸ȻҲ⣬Ҳû˻ȿֺ󣬱ϾһˣһƷڸôҲʲôｫǲҵңܴȥúý̵Ļ˼붨תġ
쵰Ҫѽ鶼ĳѦһǳͷβå


2074 赶ɱ
ѦǵΪ˺ǲܣһŰѲҵŪԼȥӣҲĴˣֻһǰɹͨĴ⣬ͷ·ǳкöǼҵİ㣬˰Ĺʵȴǵġ
ǰѦ֮ûȥ⣬ӦΪǲ֪һôķΪǰʱҶʮܵĽУ֪ҲΪˣѦǲŲһŪɳ׾Ļ˵޷ˣ
ڣȻѾɹǺǿˣôѦǼҪþһа취ֶΣŪǼȥԴǿǼҵ
˵åҿЩһĴåҲ̫޳˰ɣ˼ҵĶֻҪǺõģǶҪһŽȥ
ˣԶ̰ĵģⲻѦǣʵҲһʲôʱ̰ǾǼʼˡ
˭̰ӷ̰ôⶫȻǶƵģڸӷһɽһɽӷ綨£յɵϡȻٴĺôҲҪʱѽڣѵӷͲΪ𣬿ڴ⣬͵ڱƵƴҪ֪ûôãǧʱ䣬ɾָˣˣ㻹⣬ʲЭ˵Ǳҵǧ㽫͸ͬġ
˵ǧŵһΣÿһεֻʮʱ䣬ĳ˵ҲһֳԶͶѽѦܴǧķ˵ģ˭ܱ֤ѦҾûûʱأ˵ˣѦҽߣպĻǳȥֻǽһ壬أǳϼ֮һѽѹô꣬Ѿ̹ˣڣԲˡ
ӷ֮ǰģһὫҸˣԼҶﲻˡһˣѦ֣һѵӷ绹²ɡҲóӷ˰ҵĻᡣ
˵ƢԶƴѦļҲ۸Լҵͷ첻Ǻúôһ㻹浱Ҳˡ
˿̵Ѿҹ𽥽ͬһľ㣬վڲҵׯ԰һҲ·˳˯Уڻδѹ壬ڲͣĳɳ
Ѧӣ޳Сˣղôûվ˵һ仰Ҳ⣬㻹ǵ治Ҫѽ
ָѦӾһٴʲôڶҲעС
ô̵ӵģҵǰȻ˷
ѦӵݣȻǲؽоȻŭȫתƵ֮ϣ
ʱ򣬲ѵͣһͿ
Ѧӣ˵ÿһ仰ҲҪ˵ĻôǼѹҲѾˣ컹ҲҵһͷĻĻĿȥҲ档
˵һҪѦΪˣ
ԣڲǲҪѦΪУѦ̫ˡ
˵ϻ񣬳ǽҲˣҲҶսס
䣬ֿԪ꣬ʵԪ᳤ǳǣ쵼ˣѵ£㲻𣿡
Ԫ˵Ӧҵ˽£ҳϻᣬʺϹܡ
ʲôҵ˽£Ԫ᳤ڸεʱѾ˵岻û˾Ѧ۸ңѾľȻ˵Ļһѣ

ӷ緢һЦ˵үӣѾˣЩһ뽫ռΪУѦңֻһˣ˵ٶ඼ûãڳܰģҲֻҳӷһˡ
Σӷ˵ûЩһȫһģԪ꣬ҲõģѦңǸԪվһںƼҸңȻû˵ɲĳҲԼġ
ֳľ˵ֻгӷ磬κһˣҲֻгӷ磬ֱվѦԣԣָģҲͳӷˡ
˵ӷ磬һǾ仰ܰҲұס񣬽ʲôԸҲҶ𡣡
ܺá
ӷһϲԼҪľ⻰ԼԸˣѵһѦԼԸ𣬾Ȱ񽣸ΣˣڶԸ񽣵ϣټӴһҲӷûʲôù˼ġ
ԪЩˣȻѾŻ˵ǲҸѦҵ˽£Ϊǳǵţڱ˵ĵģҲѦҶԸӷġ
ɱһ񽣣죬ɱѦӡ
ӷҲǻȥˣϴԼ˶Ըһ񽣣죬ɻһңƶԼԼͲҪκεļɻ䡣
Ѿվ˳ӷߣҵȫѾʧȥȡΧˡ
Ѧڲ֮ϣҵ˸ӷ磬Ӳͻأ̫һǰ
ѦСºԳ֡ҰɣԸӷ硣
̫һԸ£Ǳ߳˳
㣿
Ѧӿ̫һļЦѦӺǲˬ
ʵ̫һһôˣѦ᲻֪Ϊ̫һǸ֮ţҵѦӸͲͬ⽫ŮȻ̫һҰ֮أѦҲǲòģˣҪԦԦͬʱҪԼ°֣ø̫Ȩƣֲһ㶼һλãʵġ
ѦӸ̫һʱԲǺĵҪԼԼĸѹߵĻΪңȥѦȻ֪̫һĴ㣬ֲܰѻ˵̫һڻδΪԼѦҵв֮ǰܽĻҲǼ£Ҫ̫һԼ֣ôͽ赶ɱ˰ɣӷѵ̫һԴҵ
Ѧң˵Ĺϵϼ׵ĹϵһﶼˬԷûץסᣬһ˻ᣬҲԲԶԷģǳǳϻ֮⣬һҶ˭˲룡
ӷҲѾһѦӵı鲻ԣıƣƱ˵ĳӷ磬˿ȻǿĳѦ֮䣬ҲνйϵֵܹϵνҧһֱڽţֻڰнУ˲ö֪ˡ


2075 ķѧǰ
ڳ֮ˣ壬˿̶Ǹ̥˭뽫ռΪеģرڼʶǵ󣬻ûǰѾ㹻ǿˣѾɳΪʮҪ֮ǰֲĶࡣԣĸ壬ܵõǼֱ绢Լļ壬Ϊǳĵһ壬ңֻЩһҪΪһһ̤ʯˣ
룬ȥģҪֶģĿǰλãҲѦҸңԭͬһӪĴڣȫǵҲΪѦ֦ͬģû뵽һѦҸѾ˷֧Ȼ󲢲ǺԣҲû˺̫һľٶѾ֤ҵˣֻҪеӵģĳ
żҷ˲ûκεľٶΪżҸǱףΪżҸѦһƹΣһƹܾ£˵ǸһĺãʱżҲվĻ¾ͻѦֱӷɢˣӽǳԭͲΪһľҪ໥ǹżҲԸ⿴ģѦҲ뷢
ҷ棬żҸʱȥʲôֻΣΪҪģΪҵĲЩżҸҿ˵ǱΪ飬ҿżҷƣżҿбνǺ޼ѽҸֹϵɢˣ̫һǹ״ӣϵϣ˵żҸ֮ܣҪȹżҸѦңҸѦҪյĶࡣ
Ȼ̫һѾվҪ⣬żȻǲȥ˵ʲôõǶڹżҲûģϾںܶ飬һҪŹżҡ
ȻѦӶ̫һּɻ䣬ĿǰֻǲڰУҪȥƿ̫һȻҪƿһˣеʱҲҪһµģνܹݵĵѦӺԣ죬ڣѦҲû˵ʲô̫һȥͷɣ̫һҲĶԸ˳ӷ磬ܽӷѵɱ̫һòģӷɱ̫һ̫һѦ˵ҲǼ¡
Ȼ棬͸ɡ
Ѧһ̫һļ˵ŮˣܶᵽȻģΪģҲûԼŮȥʲô
̫һɲɵϣѦӲǸöҲûԼŮԼûҺͺͦģһ˺ˣ̫һȻȽżߣԾһеֶΣ㾡ҵļҲżԼ
ҸѦѬĹϵȫ˭˲֪˭˲ѦҵʲôˣҲ죬ֻѦͷˣҲеĻǵѦ
ƺΪıߵԣ̫һҲԼĺ·̺ˣԼԸ˳ӷ磬Ҫ鷳Ѧӳ˼˵ԼΣգѦӾͱҪְԼô˵棬Ѧ󽫾ܲܿԼŮȥʲôܰɡ
ѦӺյĵһͷӦ˵ʮֵգ仰Ҳ˵
ӷ磬ϴڽɱ㣬ԼҪ£Ǿ
̫һֱӳȥվ˳ӷ档
ǰɣ
ӷ²ɵ˷ܣ˵ʵԸܣԸѦֳڻһӷ練ȫʤİա
ֵܣСһ㡣̫һսթʲôıֶԸ㡣
ϳԱѵ
˵սթ̫һľصһ붼ɣľضӷתοһ̫һ
һһһ綼
ӷ̫һмһЦֶϳһĵƣ֮µͬʱӷѾ
Ӱԭأʵ̫һǰ֮ƣʹ̫һһû벻ӷȻ˵־Ͷ֣һϻûС
ȥ̫һʩչɱУȴϣȻһǿҵɱӿ̫һʱֲӷɻԼǰʵ壬ܻǲӰôԼ󱬷ɱֻʲôˡ
̫һϴεĳ𣬽Ҳˡ
¡
ǵص̫һͷѹ̫һԱһֻǿ̫һԭأըһ

̫һôҲû뵽Ȼʱ͵ϮԼ̫һû뵽ӷ磬Ҳ벻ġ
⻪̫һ֮飬ѵΪû֪ڻһףر˶֮ĿǴԭ
ӷ粻Ҷ֪ᷢʲô벻Ҳû̫һһϻǰγĵ̫һ˹ȥ
ԭǻңҲע⡣
̫һһŭƸǳƺ㣬֮䣬һӡ
һһҲں죬֮䣬˶ϰɡ
㻪ΪҪ͵Ϯ̫һǳӷ绹ţǻΪԼ棬̫һʱ򣬻ȴֻΪڽ̫һ֮¶͵Ϯ㣬óӷŷ쵰ϴݵĻڻҪȥ
ðɣȻôϲϰǾݸҾ͵Ա߿ЦˣҲⳡϷݵһôĳ̶ȡ
ԲܷŹӷ磬ɱ
һ͵Ϯ̫һѦѬǱҲѾվסˣͲѦֹѦѬѾһӷȥ
ͨһҪΪܱ𡣳ӷ磬ɡ
Сͨʲô𣡡
ż֮ûϵֵͨܣѦѬȻûõκ֮ǰԳӷ綯֣
ͻȻ͵ϮѾƻ̫һĻᣬѦѬǻңⳡ棬һʱ޷ȥˡ

ɾʱҹУһЦˣҲʱֹͣ˽ǻ̫һ֮ϷҲֹͣ
û뵽յǳǣĺϷɿгĻ˼ѽ
ҹУȻһ̧ͷļ⣬˵½ɽ׼ҵˣ
һӣżƮڰУһµ˵ǳǣôǰ񡣡
һЦݵ꣬˫ȭһڳ˸½ѧԺǳǸλǰ
½һ壬ȻŶ½ѧԺѧǳǡ
漴ּʮ⣬˷ɹ˻δ˸ϲ½ѧԺ켸λѧѧãǳǸλǰ
½ѧԺɣ켸λѧѧãǳǸλǰ
½ɽѧԺʯ磬켸λѧѧãǳλǰ
Ĵ½ѧԺ˾Ȼ֮죬ɻмʱأû뵽ǾȻǰˣǳڲʱܹⲻ￴Ц
ʮĴ½ſǿߣλڰ֮УǵòѾλˣһ仰ԣǾͿǳǷôˣ
ԪϻϼĴ½ЩѧѾ˼Щνĳǿߣͷ¶棬ȻǵһʱʧȫسϻȥˣǿɲΪҵ飬Լӡ
Ϊǳǵг֪ڲõط֣ԼǳǵЦһЩȻ˵֮£ʹ˽ᣡȻĴ½ѧǰǳǣǳȻʧˡѧԺԺдѧӡ
ӦǣϷ˰ţ
һʱ֮䣬ߵߣɢɢ̫һʱȻݲȥˣ˶Եļˣһͬȥ
ӷ綼ЦˣⶼʲôʲôѽϴΪʧ٣ԼգΪĴ½ѧǰϷǰ
ðɣ̫һ죬Ҳڣ
УĴ½ѧ˫۶ѾԶ̫һϣûκһӷЩˡ
Ǹˣ̫һǳĴѧԺеĵһѧһǻ̫һ֮£
ѧǸղźභɣ
Ƕ޹ءֻҪס˾ͺáǳĴѧԺУ̫һΣգҲ޳ѧǿĶ֣̫һѧԺȻǳǣͲֶܿ飬޹أĴѧԺ̫һضҪܡ
ǣǶף޳ѧ֮ǰὫϸġ
˵޳ѧҪЩһҪ
ѧ޳ѧѧԺ˭ս̫һѽ
ҲǸùܵģֻԼڵ¾Ϳˡ
ǣˣ
ͷѧǶ½ѧԺѧͬʱҲǶ½֮һɽ׼ҵĳԱ
һ˵ǵǳãһܼǳΪɫˡһˣɱ̫һֵע⡣
壬˵˭
ָǻڳ˯е˵ûУǳǲǧųһεĳǿ񣬸ղǳǵЩˣΪŴġֻϧѽ治ʱ֪ǳսǾͲӦ֪ʱܹڸǳڲΪ˲ǿЦȫȥˡ
񣿾Ǹֻܻʮĳǿߣ
ûӣŸոյȴѾɳΪˣѽŵȵʱӦûһŮˣʱɲ̫һѷɫԣǲҪȥ̫һĵϸͬʱҪעһʲô̸ҡ
ãһǿŵģһϸ֪塣
ѧ
ʲô£˵
СӺڶЦ
ͬʱתۿȥˣǳӷ硣
ͻأһ£ʵ壬Сʲôˣ
û֪ǵûˣӦòʲô۵Ľɫɡ
ΪʲôҾΣգǵһڣ
ˡѾǳǣǳǷ涨̫ʧģĴѧԺŶѾźǵסס֮ǰֻܰ̽飬¡
Щȥ֮ʱʱתͷӷ磬ɳӷȴѾûȥںˣ
ãүӣȻǶѾˣ㻹ʲô񣬻ҪһرĵΪ˰ɣҵȾȸˡ
̾˿˵Ϸѽ첻ǳСֵǲѾˡ
ȻѣүӾͱ˵ˡ
ǺãϷͲдСֵˣȹ죬ϷвȥСֵܹȾơ
뿴ģǲϣʱүӲҪʧźá
˵񣬱˲ÿѵСֵܻ죬񣬾ͽΪһǿߣ볤ϻЩϿ⣬ϷҲ޼ѧԺϣʱСֵܶղǡ
ҵȾȻˡ
ʱ򣬲ǳϻᣬ壬Ҳ鷳ˣ٣Ĵ½뿪ǳ֮ǰڴ֮ǰҲ鷳ɵһй󣬲ңҲ֮ʱ˻û԰մ֮£ȥҲ鷳ģⲢҾʲôѹô꣬Ͻϵ飬ܽʽ


2076 ʥŮСʥŮ
峿ʮ֣ɫŽǳһУ̫һվڴ˵أԵʮУǸոճɽ̫ϴżΪЦЦݣ˵Ȼˣǻûˣ
ৡһһӰ̫һǻ
ΪܸЩһһ֮ĵжӡû뵽Ĵ½֮죬ƻ֮ļƻ
̫һͬʱڣһﶨȻǸ㲻ʲôµġ
㲻ã̫ǳǵĴ˿ɲ٣һ˷֮Ĺϵ⼸ļƻɾˣ
ڵĹϵֻΪǳƺ˭ĵͺˣͬһϵˡ
ʵڣҶףΪҪˣ㲻Һ˵պǳǣҲһϯ֮λ
ڻǺĹϵֹϵ˺ü̫꣬һֲɵ᲻֪໥֮ʱڸ˵ҲǴ뷨ġ
˵ҪģֻǻҡҪģȴǳǣ֮Ұһ죬һأǸȡ衣
㱾ǻҵļ̳ˣѵպĻң˸Ҹɡ
ڿȥЩˬ˵һҵ飬˲һԼ˶ǺⲢʲô֪
Ŷѵǻʲôɸ˵ܲɣܣûκεĺô
ֹûкôֱǽơЩ£Ҳ¸㣬ǻҵһͲҸˣ֮⣬һ
⻰̫һԾҳ˻⣬ȻһǳǶ֪ѽ첻˵̫һҲ벻ġ
һΪʲôҴδ˵
㵱Ȼû˵ңүү֮⣬Ҹ׶ö֪ҲһżȻĻ²֪ģԭүүʱһ˽ӣǸ˽ӣҲһӣȻͱҸ붼ҪС֪үүʮǰڰҰ֣кܶҶ֪ĻҾѧҲȫҰ֡
ǵģүүὫպ֮λǸҰ֣㲻òδѣ㣿
ǡ
ӣ֪ǸҰʲôطȻ㲻̵ڣͶǸҰˡ
ûЩõ鱨ǸҰָͲǳǡүүѾǸӶ˰ĵطʲôطҲö֪ȴ֪ǰǸҰֵĸ׵һּˣھֻʣҰһˡ
̫һʵʱүү潫֮λӴǸҰ֣ô
˱۾˵һΪô£ǹϵĻδ̳ˣôһĻҲԴУҪ뾡һа취֮λᵽ֡
Ҫһֶ𣿡
ġ
ɱүүã
ôһ죬Ҳ
Ҫɱүү㸸ǹô㸸׻ɽТѽóѣ
ѡԭôһĻұҸżңѦҵ»ҡʱֻҪ»ңǻҾ̫һһ룬һ̫һҲΪõѡһˣȥֻҪЯֺպǳǣ񲻾𡣡
̫һЦ˵̫һֶζû뵽㻪һ㶼ѷɫѽȻѾǺˣûңҷ֮¡ҲӦÿĳҼڹżҸѦ֮䣬ұ濴ȥҺеҲֻҵĲˡýϵ˵ɣѦǱ飬񣬶ֱɱңѦѬѾͷҲֻǱϵӣʵϸѦӷߵһըһʱᱬըը
Ц˲֪̫һ£ѵһ֪ĺ̨˵һѦҸһżң𡣵Ȼ̨ǲ׳ְģֻҪ̨ڣ򲻵ʱѦҸżҵˡ

̫һЦһ˵û뵽ҵ飬ȻҲ֪ˣӣɳȥ̽ӣҲʡ͵ĵѽҪ㣬˵ǺĹϵҵ飬֪Ҳ֪򣬵һģѦңҲǹżң㡣
ףҲԱֻ֤ҪҶûңܣԲе֪
̫һ˿̵ıҲǶ䣬룬ǷҪȥһܱй¶ȥǱ˵պǳˣڵǳǣ֮ء
ɾʱһ΢ЦЦһŮˡ
޳ܵĶıˣѵͲ𡣡
ʲôˣ
̫һʮּһȣһȻ֣Ӹסˡ
ĵҲһ̼䣬һ֣֮ǰڽ绹װģʵԲ̫һ֮£ǲҲ˶٣ȻҲܻûġ
ʹڶʱһսȴల¡
Ů˽Ц˼˵һ仰֮һϢûˣ
̫һһգ໥һۣԼ˵ĹϵԱ˷ˣң˵֪ɼԷʵ֮ǿԲԼ֮¡
˾Բ̫һһһ򣬶Ҫҳɱ֮
ãȥңҵϵ
̫һΪȥŮˣ뿪֮ڣһŮ˵ӰһɫӰ
ıӰϸΣȴ޷
ৣৣৡ
Ů˳֮мӰ֣վŮ
ˣҵûУŮʵ
СʥŮҪҵѾҵˡ
ܺáܼţ
ǣСʥŮѧԺѾˣҪҪǻغһ£
ˣֻǰѧԺѣڴ֮ǰǸǵģҸҵģɡ
СʥŮʥŮѾв½ʱǳǣСʥŮʾ£
ڳŰɣѧԺˣûҵýǳǰ벽УʥŮǸǳǵİһͬʧٵģȥһ£ǳǵİʧ֮ǰûʲôر鷢
ǣȥ顣


2077 ı
ֵܣڲҷѾĸվһˣ޼ɵѦǼҲ̫ԵĶԲҷѣҷŶѹȣػһϵеĶ
ϳڲǱߵѾ˼أҲ˵ǲѦưոݵģϻᣬҲὫ䵱ߵ쵼ߣϾϵ飬ϻ˵Ӳһյ뷨㣡
ǳ⼸ѾһˡȻ֪ǺƼһʲô㣿
Ȼ˵ڻδӹܼ壬ڼĴҲ¶ԡүүӣǾԲѦһģҸѾ֪֮ĹϵҪǺƼȻվˡ
һ䡰úȻ
ʲôѵԼ壬㻹ʲôԵ𣿡
˵ʵڻҵ飬ǶѾ֪ˡø硭
Ȼû˵ֹͣ˵ø磬ҲǺƳ೤飬Ȼɻ䡣
ϳ˵ø֪ˣҲܹ㣬ĻҲġ
ļ壬λãһʱ˼ҲȻŹҵģΪԼҵҲòѽ
ӷʵ㵽׽øôˣ
ɱˣ
Ȼ赭дһ仰óӷȻԼ顣
ʱĳңԶɽҲǶѽ󣬾ֻʣ³ӷһˣȫӷˡȻ˵ǰ㣬һ壬λһλϣͬǧǵ
ҲᣬҲ㵱ʱ顣£ڳǼ֪⣬ѵ֪𣿡
Ǵ󲮣ȻҲ֪ģΪ£ǺƼңͶѦǱߣʵ⼸ѦҲ뾡һа취ѹǺƼңкܶ飬ǺĸŵġȻҴ󲮺⣬үү˵ĸоһ嶯ʵϣүү˼κ˴ĵģүүѾ֪е顣
ӷʵүү⼸꣬ûжô
⵹ûУøүүûκҳ˼ǶҺ֡
Ȼˣ㻹ʲôүү֪ɱ㣬ˣǾ˵үүǸ֮ˣ֪ȻѾʧȥһӣͲΨһٳκˣҪǺƼΨһļ̳ˣǺƼҲŻкô
˵һѽǺĻᡭ
ĵģүү飬ܲסĵɣ
ûǳǵһ죬ҾͲġ
Ǻð죬Ҹᣬɱǡ
һֱѦңҪɱûôףȻǵ㱾£ˡ
ʱͬգǳ֮ңĴ½ЩѧѾѦҶһе׼ʱĻȥѽ
ǺãһлᣬҾͽɱ
ţǺƼҷ棬ȥȰ˵үү㸸ףӦò̫ġⷽѾ壬廹ԶԶһ
˼ǣң
ûһңһѧԺһܸվһʲô鶼˵ˡ
̫һֳһվߵġ
ˣ̫һĹϵֻϰ˿ġһ֮ѡ
ʲôֵܣ˼˵̫һһģ
ûҿԿ϶ԣҪϻңǾͱȳλ
Ҫôѽ
Ȳ˵ǻҵĵһ̳ˣӷ˵̫һһģɾص̫ˣƭȫǵˣһҪʱ򶯻ڱͶ·ʱҲضƿĵƣǸʱŸ̫һվһ𣬽̫һǱߵ򲻿ܵģ
ҪһˣһҪܶʱıƣǿ˷ʤġ
ֵܣѾаˣ
ϣѦӱҪԳֶԸң̫һ·ɱ˳ҲıУ˫ĲԾΪһɹﶼԸ˳ۡû´ĻϣѦӾҵֳ̫һ
֪ˣѦңĲ͵ģΪ˸Ե棬ֲʧȥԷ
Ѧһн赶ɱûɹǣֱӰи
ʲô˼
ǣĴ½ˣǵЩѧԺΪʲôҪμǳǵԺ䣿
Ԫ˵μӴֻǸӣ˭֪ʱ䣬ҳδͳߣ
ϣм֪δͳߵݣ
Ǽ˼ѧԺǼһ
ЩУ˭ΪҪ˭δͳߵΪ
ǻ˵𣬵Ȼˣ˶ģǵһģϻϼһ϶㡣
Ҳ˵˵˭δͳߣ˭ˣκ˵ǡ
ϳ໥һۣ·ͬһʱ˳ӷĴ㡣
ֵܣпɹġ
аɣֶҶùˣִϢ飬ϳ壬ȻӦ˰ɡ
ϳЦģһ죬ҾȫˣĴ½Щһȫ֪δͳߣ
סϴι˵ʱҪɢϢȥһΣҪ˶֪ϢɢȥģҪ˵׿ڸǵġҪΪʸ֮ġ
ԪʵҸʲô
㵱ȻҲˣȻҲҪ鷳㡣
òҪȥһɣ
ûҲʲôҪû绪ˬûˮǼ
Ԫ˵ɲð죡ȫ˭֪绪ƴӵģҪûǿɱȵ컹ѽ
ΪѣȥġϳȻȽϳ嶯ǸɲġˣΪںʲôǾϡǼģҲǸӲӵĺӣˣһʧȥϣһܲ£ںܶ෽棬磬Īͷϴһñѽ
Ԫ쵹˿˵֪ôˣѽֵܣֵܣΪˣƵʱôĶ֪
ӷЦһ˵ı飬µģƲɷ亦Ǹʱ޷ˡǰµҪһСģǧܳκεĲӸ©Ҫ˳ȻķƵġ
ˣͷͷ¡
ţȥɣҲóȥˣĴ½ЩνǿߣҲһ಻סӣǵ̽أͳȥȥ


2078 ֵϵ
ǳĵĽֵԵıҪࡣȫǵ˶Ѿ֪Ĵ½ѧԺѧ϶Ѿˣ½УһǿҲģ綫½޳ӣϲ½ľȻ½Ĳʤ½裬ЩһĲſȫ̫һģڸԵУҲصߵʲôطֻҪţĽֻһܵ¡صĽӴΪϱԴ˽ύԼպķչǲһдۣΪԼպһ󻼣
죬ǳڣν½ǿۼѽ˵ĿǰΪֹû˵Ĵ½ļǿߵˣҲǺպĽɫǳǵˣȫģʶһĴ½Щǿߵķ緶
ȻȻĴ½ЩѧѾǰǳǣǾͲסĵطţϾǳǲμӴֻǸ棬ĿģҳδͳߵݣĨɱҲѾǸ½֮䱻˰ɣÿһ˵ﶼ˭Ҳֱ˵
ʱ֣緹ʱչͼģΪһϣ˲ǳǵˣһˣȫڶʮʮңɢƿҲԲЩϹΪǲԼϣ±˲֪ǵʵ㣬Ҳǳһ£ΪԼһ֪ȡ
һھһʮ·ʱǵĶ棬ҲѾ߹һˣͶǲģ˫ʶֻھʮ·ڵʱ˫ȫֹͣ˽Ų˫ۣҲȫ˶Էϡ
ΧǼ˵˶ƵӣΧĺܶ˶Ѿ뵽ϾкϷɿˡ
ȻһУ˶Զ˵ټǳǣѵû·߹ǶһϹô
ţԷҲӣ͸ϰ㡣
˵ǳǵЩֵǸߵİɣʲôʱرˣܵܡ
˶ǳǵģǳǵĹ֪˵Ȼ顣
˵ѧԺǹ㳤˼Դ
½ѧԺ˶ŭ
ҵĸ۵ļһԭǶ½ˡô仹ûʼǾظĻǱɽѧԺ˿ɲһ̡
һǶ½ѧԺѧһǱ½ɽѧԺѧҲڵǸ½ǸѧԺ
˵½ȫΪ֮أв½ȴº֮أӦúܲϰ߰ɣȻˣǾǻϼҡ
˫һ˭Ҳ˭ġ
ѧѧǣڴ֮ǰǧµġ
ʲôǱ½鷳ǾõĻԵǶ½̫С𡣳ʲôҸڣֻҪ½ɽѧԺ˴оͿˡ
㵱޳𣬾ȻҷųȺݻͿ˭˭
ģӲ޳ӣҲ裬鷳Ǿ˭˭ˡѧѧÿϣŪǡ
ⶫ½ѧԺˣ½ɽѧԺˣֱӾͰڿƣҪʮ·ڶ
ʱԱһŮǵǳʲôطˣȫס֡
ɳѧԺ꣬ѧļѧϵȻһˮ£ˮȴڷɳϣû
Ĵ½ǳǣǲμĴѧԺĴ䣬ôҪӴЩѧģȻҲĴѧԺˣ¹ѧԺѧԺҲȫɳѧ⼸ڳѲţĴ½ѧԼǳ£һΪԼǳǵϣڶҲǷֹЩһ˻Ѱδͳߡ
ѧԺѧպþ;ʮ·ڣ½½ѧȻҪֹ
ѧԺɽѧԺ飬ʲôʱֵǹˡȫҹ
ЦҹʲôƨѧԺҪĻǳٴǳ˭ĻǸѧԺΪУµĴ俪ʼǾȨЩܻӭļһ
˵ûȻǶЩѧĴѧԺˣǲĸѧԺˣ쵼ʦѧʸܣҲʸһδͳ߾һֵв
ѧԺˣã˵ǳĴѧԺĵڶѧǸպȼʶһ¡˵ǻվ˵
Ц㵱˵ˣȻҲһԼķ
Ѿͷ
顣
ͲѧԺ˶֣һѧԺѧǰ
ˮ´ӷɳһָҪ궯ֵļһھͳȫ㡣
Ԫأû´ĻӦѧԺˮ°ɣ
ˮûӻҲǻ֪ԼݣȻǳǣȻ㹻׼ģĴѧԺѧ⡣
˵Ȼ֪ˮ£ʵ㣬һѧԺڻ֮µģǸֱ֣
ŶˮѧԺڶΪʲô˵ڶǻĵܻܵأ
һ˿һˮµɫ̾ͱˮںЩνӵܣϲ绪һ룬ӱߵģѧԺڵʱҲˮ¸˵ʵ˿˵ǲ¡
ڣѧԺ˾ȻûˮȽϣպþʹˮµҪˮµ䣬ʱҲ䲻ȥˡ
ڣʧ
סˮ£˵嶯ʲôڴ˭ûô
ңҾǿЩһﲻ˳ۡ
㿴˭˳۹ˣ
ѽˮǿ˭˳ۣȫ綼ǷǮƵģҲĳɳйذɣ˹עһǿԼŬһڣѧԺվȽŸ˵ʵѾܲˣ
ʱʮ·ڵһߣһȥʮҵŮһȥѧڿϷ
Ů˵ѧԺûһӵġڸǳǱصѧ֣Կǡ
СʥŮҪҪȥѧԺСһѣ
ˣǴһɣҲ뿴ѧԺǼСӵжͣᱻѡǳǡϣǲǿռӲźãҶ½ɾҪǰˣ
λС㣬ҸҸģܣ
ͻȻŮһ˵
ŮתһѾߵߡ
˵ʲô
û˵Ǵ
񣬲֪ߵغΪϴԼ϶ˣ
ΪѧԺ˲ᶯ֣Ȼʹˡ
ǸˮµСҲǸ಻ס
Ҫ˭ȥֹ
ֹѵ𣿡
ţ¡
ʲôˣ
㲻ùܣҽǳֵģҲ뿴Щɱɱ顣
꣬Ȼǳӷ磬ӷȻǳֵģҲˮ¸ʲô£ô˵ҲǸԼһĹˣҪƻֵܵĹϵܲ˵ĻǾˡ
СʥŮСӵܿ£Ůߵ˵
ţҲע⵽ˣ˵ȷܿ£ЦдɱΣաǵ֮ڣӦòǸʲôɫ
ӷ粻Ůֱӳˮȥ
ˮ£ְɡ
֣˭Ҷ֡
ӷɲ˷ʱ䣬ֹΪãǸˮ»һȥʲôطһһúȻϳǱ߽еıȽ˳


2079 䣡
·ڵĸ߿գ¹ѧԺδ¹ѧԺļʦɲɵľӦõһʱȥֹģȴʲôûΪǶڵȣȶ½߱½ѧֻ֣ҪЩѧǳ£нڽ£ҸϳǳˣһһΪµĴ˵һЩڶҲΪδͳߵһݰȫ
û뵽·ɱҧ𣬳ӷʱ˳ӣ顣
ΣôʲôطгӷСӵķѽһҹǴ򲻳ˡ
ҲΣǰ̫СӷˣΪӷֻǸСӣȴϣʱ飬ӷı֣Ǹǿߣڳ͵࣡
Ҳһӷ粻ǴӶ½ǳǵж½ѧԺѧҲӷʶҲһء
Ͳӷϣڶ½ǱߣûгӷҲܿ϶ӷͲԼ˵ǰ㣬Ƕ½鱨Ա
СӾǸԱû¸ɣϲµѧԺǼСǸӷһĹģ֪ӷʵ֮ϣڳӷһֽҹǴ򲻳ˡ
ΣǲҪʲô
ʲôʲôȥӷץϴĹ񽣣ھͿȥˣҾԲǵġ
ôһ˵ûһ˸ʲô뷨ˡ
ѽ˭Ĺ񽣣ɳӷȴܻɱ񽣵ģңӷ绹ѦǼΪУȥץóӷ磬óӷµĻƳӷԲὫЩ¹ѧԺʦȽЩʦ
ȻӷȻǸµˣν²ܼ߸߹𣬵ڵ飬ɹϵ˳ӷļƻˮ¸˶Ǽδͳ߻ģҲ֪δͳ߲ǻԣںȻϳǱߵû֮ǰӷ뽫ˮ¸һȥǲ֪¡
߰ɣԼȥֵ֣ԽԽãǳӷɱǼˣ½½ͻӷ³𣬶ǣҲǼ¡
ӣǳǳ˳ӷԼߵļ⣬ûһӷõģڣоǳϻᣬȫӷȥ
ľ֮£ӷ˵ǺܳһĻǾ˵ǳǣӷơ
½ѧԺѧŴԱ߹ĳӷ磬ÿһ˵ıð亹ӷɢɱÿһ˶ĺĺʶģκһˣΪӷһ仰ıע⡣
ˮȴͬÿһ˶վԭأһҲΪû˿͸ӷΪˣʱܳʲô
㣡
ˮֻǿ˳ӷһۣȻֿѧԺѧ
˵ˮ£㲻ѧԺú׼µĴ䣬ȴܳ£Ͳ˷ʱ𣿡
ҵ£ܡ
ӲҪأ
㡭
˵ӷ˵ûӦûȥŬ׼¸µĴ䡣Ǻǣ˼Ǿˡ
ԳӷһЦˮȥ
ңҽһҪǵɫ
ˮ£㲢Ǹ嶯ˣѵӷ𡣡
Ρ
Ĺ
⡭
򲻹ߣܲǳԼ˴Լˣñ˿Цɡ
˵ûܴ򲻴Ĺӷ磬ֻҪһ֣ͲҪ֣͵ڸ˿Цġ
ˮס˵ѧԺģǸҵţϣҪǺÿ
õѽھǺÿɡ
ӷӰһգۼͳ˵ļһǰɱΧĿ·ֹͣ
ղ˵ʲô˵һ顣
ѧԺļѧʱţÿһ˵˫ָ˫ŶڷӷҲʮη壬Լ㲻ףǰ˵仰Ϊʲôͻӵ˵ϣԼһһ仰ˡ
Ҿǣڴ֮ǰñȻұ֤û뿪ǳǡ
ѧԺļѧɵĵͷӷ罫ɱһ֣Цһ˵ˣɢ˰ɣûʲôÿˡ
ѧԺѧȫص˿ƨҶһתˡ
ǿ߸֮𣬵ƣܽ˸ˣѧԺǼѧҲȫЩûõĶˮ¶֣ˮµĶ֣
Ա߲ԶŮȥѧԺѧּ½ҲѾȥΧֵϵ˸ӲҴ࿴ʲôŮú𾪡
仰ͽˣ
СʥŮСӿȥѽѧԺ½ЩСӣȻ仰ˣ
ֹ򵥣֮ͽס䣡
䣿ѵСʥŮǡ
ڲܿ϶κ¡ȥһСӵݣǳһôĴڡ
ǣȥ顣


2080 
ƵֵطǳҲ٣ЩƵûʲôֱ𣬲˭ֻҪǮֲܽͬεľƵꡣ
ǳڣǷһľƵ꣬ĳԺ֮أȫҵĲҵǳﾭӪŶ⣬˵ǴһССġ͵ꡱչǳеҵͷ̵ȻǹżҵǲϵұҲһʵģⷽУҿ˵ָһң
ΪռҪʵĻӷ綼뽫ԼֵЩȫĴ½⣬ǳơ
ʱ䣬ѧԺļѧȫۼһҾƵ꣬ҲµľƵ꣬ȴǺܶ࣬ĸˣˮ£꣬룬оǻһŮˡ
Ů˵ۻǲģŮ˲͵֣ʮ꣬ûлκεױȴԵʮֵ˧Ůе˧ҲһˣŮһƺǳڣŶǳһеĺ֣ҲһѧԺѧ
ŮϴĲǺܳڣƾһ֤ҲֶԺ֮ŮжӵˣҵģֻʺԼŮˣ
С£鶼Ѿȥˣ㻹ѽ
ˮ½Ƶһֱ˵ĵطǴûȥЩᣬ⹫ڳϰڳɫȷǲ̫á
ǳӷͻȻ֣ҶȻҪ½Щһÿ
ˣ鶼Ѿȥˣ濴½Щһﲻ˳ۣȴʱٽѵǾˡ
Ա߻˵˵춫½½ˣڽպñˣӷȴͻȻ֣񻹸ɫǰɣ
ˮ⻰Ǹӷŭ˵룬￴Ц챾ȥѲǵģ㵹ãԼȥԼᣬİ࣬Ż϶½Щһ
˵ӻǿԣˮô˵ûиˮ·ìܣΪ֪һ㣬Լˮ¶ѧԺˣԼ˲ԼˣΪӦġ
ġҲԻôһͣ͵ǴлǺô
Ӧ롣
Ա˵
ӷΪʲôͻȻܳѧԺЩ˵£
ŮʵŮҲǻŮѣδްɡ
˵ѧԺѧϯʱѧԺһЩ£Ȼǲ֪ǳǣģǸӷˡ
ŮѶ˵ҵҲ˵ӷ飡ռǳǣ¹ѧԺ͸ҸżΪУ׼̫һѦңһ¹ѧԺĸ˵ʽһ̫һһ̫ӵĹʱǼһȥܻųڲҸǸ볤ϻΪУȷǸɫ
˵ΪʱЩ飬ȫǵģȫ˭֪ӷĴѽСӣżǳǼ죬ܰͷ죬Ҷòˡ
˵ӷʵġ첻ΪĻҲܻڣںĹˡ
ˮ˵ΪĻҲڻĹ
ܽĹһųһ漣ˡǻ֪ˡ
δ꣬ͱֹסˣ˵²˵ڣ
㲻˵ܶҲ֪ģǿһôûСһӷͻȻ뿪ǳǣѦǵУ֪µģҲֻǼˡʣϻǱߣѦǣŹ𣡲£ֻһ£ҪΪ˶עڳӷϣǾͿ԰ˣ÷ʱҪģ鷢֮ǰȫƲ͵ûҲûĹ
ˮ˵˵Ҳǲ޵Ͼ̫󣬲ܳеģӷ絨Ӵлɱ񽣵ʵ޼ɵ£ǣȴΪĹϵ˶ǵϡӣ⼸֮ڣǾҪ취ĹǼ£ȫתƵӷȥ
ȫתƵȥôתѽǺܶ˿ӷһͬĹģ˳ӷĸ֮⣬Ǽˡڻ֪˵ݣʵֱ˵ĻҲû˻ǵġ
˵תƣǾֻܾһӷȫˣֻҪӷǳһ죬ǾͲ˴Ǽ˵⣬ϾӷǵһĹģЩ֪еļһΪ˰ٷ֮ٿ϶ݣȻϵһ֮ˡ
е۵ģ˵ЩΪˮǼİȫڳӷ˵ɲʲô¡
ڳӷ취δͳߵݼڻϣʱǼʲôãǶںȻϳǱߵжͺǲˣ
˵ӷѦңҪӷȫǾ͵ڸѦΪСǻҸѧԺԿѦһԶԶģҵһõӣοǻҵǿȲҵһܶ࣬һѦԿǡ
Цһ˿ڲ裬˵ѦΪУΨһķѦҽˡ
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⻰˵ĺɣ֮⣬˫˵ⷬͬʱҲǳ⻪˵ı飬׽뷨Ƶġ
˶˵˵ȻҲֻ˵˵ˣǾвͨĻ͵ʲôû˵ΪѧԺѧϯѧԺȻϵģ¹ѧԺ̫ӵĹϵҲ㲻ҪҵĵطȻԸ̫ӵѦѬ̸һ¡
̫ӵѦѬ
ʶѦѬ˵ˣ˵ѦѬ̸ɼѦѬӦúУһûκμˣʸѦҵļ̳˽̸
ʲôʱʶѦѬˣʵ
Ҳǰʱ£ˣԺҪҸѧԺùϵ𣬿ȴãÿѧԺùϵֻһùϵ޼ѧԺһأ޷ѧԺвʱѧԺĺȻֻǸƦåˣϳǵȻɫһ·ӵģֻһ¹ѧԺ̫һһֵȥύ
˵ǰǰȷģүүҲͬ⡣ɽʱͬˣҷʱ򣬳ӷպڳվڲǱߣƲҶὫӷ統Լ˿ʱѧԺȻǵƦåȴ¹ѧԺϳ壬Ԫ죬ӷһߣӷ¹ѧԺˣ̫һΪУ˵ʱѧԺ޼ѧԺҲѾһߣһӷǼ¹ѧԺҲʲôãǾ͵ڳӷסĴѧԺΪǿһߣ
ӷҪòǲܣϾŻɱ񽣵ʵʵѾԶԶһѧӦӵеġǱˣʲôˣеĵѦӵĽֵܣӷɱѦҸݵģӷ¹ѧԺǾԲܣתȥʱѧԺ޼ѧԺ
ʱͻȻԱ˽ӻתȥѧԺ֪Ƿӭ


2081 в
ʵӷƵ꣬ȴûκεأֻˮǸڵΪ֮ȴסˣˮûֳӷǺģӷȴһֱ˵ÿһ仰
ԲǸ򵥵Ļɫ濴ȥʵʵģղ˵ĻȴĻ
ʲôֻҪύ¹ѧԺ̫ӵͺˣ̫һ̫ӵѦѬֻҪύǣĴѧԺ߳ĺ£ֻύϼ˾ԼӿĻǴ˶ҪȥˣֻҪһζȥύЩ˾ͺˡ
Ȼ˵ǽύɳӷȴһ˼ǰͽᣬǽύѧԺѧϯݣֱȥͽѦѬģڻϻǼҲǶԼ⣬ѦѬǱ߸Ľ飬óӷŮˡ
ڣŮˣԭǳӷļƻУҲעһҪĽɫԳӷͲҪ̫ȥʲôֻҪһɣƶҪӷ綯ֵģԼͶˡһˣô͵סñӵ裬ⶥñŮ˸ģ˹ߵģֻҪǴȥˣǾһļɻ䡣
Ƕû뵽ӷ㣬ֻʲôطĳֵ֣Ļ֮ɣصϣð˳
ôѽ
̾˿Լ˸ղû˵ʲôֵ̫Ļ鷳Ҫˡ
ӷ˵ƵҿģľκιϵΪҾͲأ˵ˣǸղŲ˵ҵ˵ĺұ˵ܸǳעء
ɫʱһ䣬仰֤ǰ˵ˡ
ǳӷ磿
ûˡһԷûʲôǮԵֲãģӦòӸˣ˫Ӱɣ
ӷҲӲѯʻͬͬ⣬ֱӾ
ӷһĻǲ˵ʲôˡ
е㲻ͷҲԲͷ˵ӷ磬㲻ҪᡣǸղſû㺦㡣
ףףֻԱѣҲǣϾѦĴڣɲһңһѧԺأϾǳǣÿһ˶гӷ硣
ӷ˵⻰˵żڱŷˣǵĵС
˵ڹ飬Ƕˡ˶㣬ǹһµĹؼϣ㲻ҪѧԺˮ
ȻˣҲǰɣô˵ϴι飬ǼҲǰҵģһ˵һ䣬ǰңȻҲǡȻڹ֮ڵͲһˡ
֮⣬˵ܴӹųǵģݶ飬ҪǼסǰɣˮʵ
ҿû˵һ˵ġ
ȻҶǼ£ھͲ˵ЩˡһԷҲһԵ֣ӷ磬ԸĻܳΪѡ
ղŻ˵Ҫ̫ӵãַ˵Ҫӷѣʲôѽǽͷݵߵ
ҿˣϾҳӷǳ˵ƹµģѦѬѦҸɽ룬ȥѻȽʺϡ
ӣҸղ˵Ļˣ
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ӷϴЦݣЦڽʧתΪһɭԶ˵ҽĻã㻹𣿡
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ǿֱѹ˻ϣѹ
ӣҪ嶯Ҳû˵Ҫôѽֻһ£ˣܹ⿴棬ܶ˱ֽȴһŲɫֽԼ·ҲҪѡãôһΣûдͷĿܣѡ㽫·Ƕһ۷֮·෴㽫·ѡˣǾעǸߡ
˿ûôۣĶӷ绰е⣬ˮ¾ˣҲ˵ڶ˵²ܼ߸߹𣬷óӷ˵⻰˵ģ˵ԱߵĶġ
ӣӷԶ˵⣬ֵһûãͽΣգӷҲԸΣգ
˵³һŮʿרȵľƣݵģһȥɡ
ʶȤ֪ڰԼһ߿ˡ
ӷĵ˵ͷ˵ӣѾͷŮҪµĶࣿ
ɫ̫ÿղűӷһѹúûӣԼֲǳӷĶ֣һûӡ
֪е㲻Ҫ֪ڲֻһʱ̵飬ܵв죬Զĺڰˡ
ˮʵӷ磬㵽˵ʲô
ֻǣҪΪ˵ļ仰ҡԭľѦҵĴ磬ӦΪǽԶԲ֣޼ѧԺ֣죬ܶǻ֣ѧԺ֡
ףҪѡ
õģҪôѡ񣬾ԼˡоǣһëԷȽһԷģ·볡ĻһܲˬԣǻƱԣȰɡȻʲôҪ˵ҲԾ˵ڿʼ˵ÿһ仰Ҷû
䣬ӷһɱɢֱӳǱӿȥ˼ԣȻ˺ǾھǣòҪǰ볡ȻԸ
ˣǼֵܺҲûԷûǸʲôͨѶĶһ¡
óһֻĶӷ磬һֱӰӷϵ˺ȻӷԺȻ˵ԼڸһԷǹĻǾȥԼ°ɣùˡ
ȻӷڸߺȻϳ壬ԼѾȶס˻ǼúȻϳᣬϿ콫ǵ꣬ãϣҪȫǶ֪δͳߵ˭


2082 һƻɹ
һУ̽ϢϢõĵطֳ˶ิӵҹϡ
ϳȻǳһҹ֣ÿⶼǳãæµһ֮϶ϲתתǲһ£Ե㶫֮һ¸ʲôģǳֶ࣬⵼¾֮ĻҲˣǹǰӷ飬ǹ´飬һϵеҲһʵİԴǷɰɣ
ϳʱѾӵ˳ӷǱߵĻѾӷˣʱϳ˰µʱ
ƹҹһһ٣ҳһ٣껹Ǯģ˰ͣҹһֺܶ˶ϳֲҸƽϣ˾֮󷢾Ʒ裬Լҹ̯Ӹˡ
ȻĲҪҪϴںĹõıϸӽ
ʱ֮䣬ҹһֵмλãϳȻ˿ʼƷˣ£֮䶷
åʲôĹӾĻˣڻҪƵģ
ѾĻ˵ӣʲôӡĹܻųǶǳֵܵĹ͡浱ǸɫˣھȥǶ˼ҳֵܲĳȥòáҪģȻ͡
˭˵ûھʱǼˣҲҽȥˣӿǼδͳߵĵ񡣡
ЦʵЦھУδͳߵĵǳֵ֮ܳ˵ģĻ˵ѽ
ôӾ֪δͳ˭֪𣿡
ʲô֪ġǻĸһ·ɫʲôӿɸ㣬ΪδͳߣӶҪûгɳ֮ǰµȥͳΡ
ϳȻһ֣˾ƺĻϵȫΧ˹
ûУϳ˵δͳǻҵĻ
ѽĺǳӷǵġ
ǼɶǵһĹܻųġĹֻгӷһ˽ȥˣǳӷ˵Ļһġ
û뵽ѽδͳ߾ȻǻӣҪȥͽһ»ˣȻǿǸǻԵˣ·һѽ
˵ôˣʲôģȥһˡ
ֵܣȥżһˣ¸֪г
ţϢɴˣҪ֪ͨгˡ
㣬ϻؼ壬¸Ѧ˵ϳȻһƺභĹ˵ˡδͳ߲ǱˣǻҵĻ
һʱ֮䣬ϵȫɢȥЩҹ̯ӣҲȫ̯ˣ
ϳȻ໥ţ˶ѾϷˣ˺һŷӦϣֻʣԼˡ
ˣȫˡ
ϳ忴˿ΧڳԼ֮⣬Ӱˡ
ٶȻ湻ѽӣѾɹˡ
ȲҪѦǸĴ½ЩһֲɵӣǲŵġǱٸС
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ѾйԵˣȴǾƺ˵ģƺ˵Ļ붼ģЩһ϶šȥҵĳӣһ
ôȥ
ȻǴȥˡ׷ɱ㣬һ·ܣֱӳһֳȻ˵棬ղŵĻظһ飬ҿͲˡ
ƾʲô׷ɱѽ
ĸϽġ
ݣѾǰɡ
Ƶģܡ
㣬빫˽ǰɡ
ȻģֱܣӴսٻغϡ
עǸƽҹϳȻôһ֣һСʱ֮ڣϢѾȫǣǼҼһǴССȫӵͬϢǾǣϳȻƺʧԣδͳߵݸ˵˳
Ȼкܶڻɣ᲻ϳȻں˵ģ֮ǰ˵δͳߵݣΪʲôȴ˵˳ǵ˵ġ
һ룬ǾƺԵģϳȻå֮䷢ìܣε׸ƳʲôϢ£ϳȻ˵ĺδͳߵݣǳӷǵģôϢͶȻǼٵġ
ȻҲкܶϳȻΪʲôʱôһ᲻ʲôıδͳߵ飬У޵ġĴ½˵ɴɱһǧҲܷŹһңǳһжǿߣҵĵһ̳ˣѧԺĵһѧ˵δͳݣҲ˳£Ȼ̫һ֮£˭ܱ֤պ󲻻ᳬԽ̫һأ
˵ϳȻڸҪеĵȫȥһ˵ĻҪƵӦ̫һŶԣӦǻѽһ룬־Ϣǿɿġ
ѦңѦһյϢסˡ
ҸѦұͲͬһϵģڴδͳߣѦȻһѦҾǰңϣ鷢ˣҲǺ£Ҳǻ¡
żҸҷҲˣһӵϢ̴ŸԵǰңͬʱĴ½ǱߵһϢҲɳɱ֣ﰵǰңϾܽδͳ߸Ļ¸µĴ䣬Ҳûʲôˣ
ϻ᷽档Ԫ᳤ԵЩ಻ס˵ǰʱӷǴ˵δͳߵݣΪʲôȴ˵˳
˵᳤ϢǳӷֱӴģϳȻСھƺ˵ġ
Ŷ϶Ϣ𣿡
ԱϢӦģǼСҪ˵ĻǵһҪӦ̫һôҲֲͷȥ
ȻˣǷϸͬ٣ǧȥһ˻ҡϻҶᷢ£һҪסİȫܵκ˺⣬ѦǳǵңұϾǸһģǲŶ֣ⲢǾͻᱣȫҲ˵ϣܱģֻлҸϻˡ
᳤ģǳϻԳûбסˡ
¾£Ĵ½ʥŮͨЩǿߣ֮ҪһСģһƲסˣ̻رϴ쳤ϻгǰ֧Ԯ
ǣ᳤


2083 еڶƻ
ӷڵľƵڣǼӷǼ֪Ƶ뿪֮ǰܴæĻ˵ʲôȫҸ˹ȥ
ˮѾסˣҪȫѲţĴ½£ֻʱʱ㣬ҲƽŬʱ
˵㵽׳ûУһٷôãʲôɵҿѵ𣿡
ѽӷʱ䱾٣ʱʱ̶̿Ļʱȥɱ飬ɲ˱£ôѽ
ʱѾˣŻǱ߶Ѿҳһţӷ粢ĻʱǰȻѾһϵеİţǻǱȻǣסġ
ڣӷĵһƻѾɹˣϳѾʶ֪˳ӷ磬ôڶļƻҲʼ
ҿҲʱˣٲߣҪһϷ
һϷ
뼸ûӷĻϣʲôϷУҲʲô£ԼЩ˻ٸһΪһͲˣô˵ӷҲǳǵˣһžͶˡ
ȻˣǾ͸ûȥˣûʱġ
ι˵ǼȷһǵΪ¸´ǱߵҪҪĶࡣ
Ǳߵ£
Ǳ߻ʲô£ѵѧԺʲôŲɡ
˵Ҷ֪ʲô飬֪
ѵ治֪ȫǶѾֵķз𣿡
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ˮǼ˿̲ŷ֣ƵںǰԼ⣬ûиоκεϢ
ˣһֱܺãΪʲôûˣ
ΪȫѾȥˣ˭ʱԷѽ
ӷ磬㵽ʲô˼ʵ
Ϊҵˣǻҳһδͳߣѵ᲻֪˵룬װˡ
˵ʲôδͳߣ˵˵
ҿûк˵ţھͿϵһǻҷ棬ǲȫǵˣ壬гϻЩȫۼǻҵ⡣⣬ڿ棬Щֵϣû˴ڣƵڣһԱûˣǵȥˣ֪δͳ߾ͳǻңȫܹȥȥˣ
ЦʲôЦδͳߵĻǿѵǻҵһ᲻ǸŮˣͲǻҵġ
ȻδͳȻǻҵˡҥԿηѽǳԷʱҲ֪ĴϢ˵δͳߣϢҲڶ̶һСʱ֮ڴȫǣȫˣĴ½ЩˣδͳߣϻǱߵıѦҵĻټĴ½ﰵɱ֣ƽϣǻע̫ƽѽ
ӷɲ˵һжԼŵģ㵽ʱ֪ⶼǳӷıƣǸʱѾ̫ˡ
ǲԾϵһǻҷ棬ӷ˵үӣĸ׻ɽ̸ϻȥ⣬л뽫ѧԺصҲȫȥΪھүӣлɽѾţδͳߡ
޷˵£Ҳ˵ǱѾϵ
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һɫǳѿΪȫ֪δͳߡ
ô죿
ܲôˣȹȥ˵򣬽ϣǻҿɾҪùˡ
̸ϻѧԺѧԺصȫǻȥס
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ӷ绹ţҪôöŮ䵥ģû뵽ͲҪӷȥ룬ȥ˵ֱӽŮ˸˳ȥһˣ
ûȥܳӷ磬Ҳû˻ǳӷĹǱߵΪҪ
̺󣬳ӷҲ߳˾Ƶ꣬վھƵſڣʶԪ죬ŮˣǸѧԺ·ϣԪڰ·֮ʱ򣬻ҪȻǱֿ˹źð죡
ֵܣѾ㶨ˣôϳȻغϳӷ󻵵Ѿ׼ˣ
ȥңǱ߱Ҫң²ңЧͲáȻҪˣǾҪǰ̫һǽҲҪûֵܷĿɳ𣬻ҪΪһɥ֮Ȯ
ҪҪһ˳ȥһڻػҵĻѰˡ
ģˣѾ˴ŻҹˡֻԪǱһ֣ͿԽȥˡ
ϳȻһЦȸȥңǱһ˵
ǳߵһϣ£վתͷ
͵Ϯһѵɡܡ
ԭӷѾгǣסˣʱ򣬿ɲûڻңΪӷ绹ҪûñӣñӿɲڻҴǵط࣬ܽ뻪ҵȴ٣ӷҪȫˣĴ½ڣȫۿŻⶥñӣЧܴﵽѡ
˵ǳһеĵڶǿߣɽһǼ治ѽ
ķˣ
֪׷˵

ͬʱڴҾƵǰѧԺ·ϣŷɳҪ̸ϻѧԺȥˣ·ϣȴоһǿҵɱ
𽫷ɳͣضУСģ˫۳ΧȥֵϣȴһӰûС
ͷ¶βģʲôӢۺúɡ
䡭
Ѿ˶Լ˫һ죬һ΢
𣬲Ҫһ˰ɡ
ͻȻһӰ˶Ȼͷ˽
ʲôˣ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣмɫϣҪŮˡ
ৡ
һѵֱ£ת֮Ѿ䵽ԼͷȫɵһûϳʲôˣȴѾϳѵ
ѧô㣡
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ž
ĵ沢ûֻǵȥֱһУͽ˹ȥ
Ԫ¶ɫһʶӷ硣
ֵܣѾˡ
ܺãϽ뻪ҲԶĵطȥ
֪һԺ뻪ҲԶ
ǾʹȥȻ߽˸ߡȻҲᵽǱȥ׼һ뿪Ҫס뿪֮ǰץˣϿɲκһ·
ˣŮĻ֤ƯƯģ˿۽硣


2084 䣡
ׯ԰ҵҪϱߵһƬյأеδ͵ĿƼԺǹŵʽĵﱤԷʽΪΧʮ֧һʮСʱѲţ粻ǻҵˣûõߣֻҪҴ뻪ңǶУûκԵġ
죬ҿɾˣڻΧȫˣνɽ˺ǰĶ֮й֮޲ģȫǵľ񶼾ۼڴ˵أǿ߻ͨˣ˭Ը˽ⳡϷ
Ĺĳ֣ܶԵһģںĹеĵ񣬲Ӧ˵ǵˣҪʶһˣҪܶˣѾȥƨԼպǰ;вǴŹ۵ģǿϷô򵥣һлᣬҪǱң˵Ĺ
ȻΪϻĳ϶Ѿ˻ңЩй۵˲Ĵ½ǰЩˣ֪ȷĿ꣬ʱҲûֵĻᣬһһȫ˻ΧֻȻᣬһᵽǵĿǰҪֻɱ
СʥŮνǵȫѹˣû뵽δͳ߾ȻǻҵĻ
½ʥŮǶ½ֽ쵼㣬νСʥŮȴǶ½һǿߵĴˣֻʥŮļ̳˰ˡ
Ϊ½߲ļ̳ˣȻǳǣɼ½δͳߵļɻ䵽һôĵزǲڷʧ֮󣬻ɳһ̳ܹ˵Ƕ½һʥŮļ̳ˣҪδͳ߸ҲǶڶ½պķչһδͳ߲պͳһ˺½Ƕ½ҲͲǶ½ˣ
ĿǰΪֹ˵ϢѾǳǴǼ٣Ƕ޷ȥ϶Ҳָǳǳϻһıô˵Ȼᣬδͳ߲֮ȫǾǰ׼õȵµĴϣĴֲ
СʥŮеͷԣ֪Ϣδؾģȴֻ뵽ǳǳϻͷϣϢǼٵģǶǳǳϻҪȶ֣һжδͳߵв
ǣСʥŮҲ֪ܻǼ٣ǲģָǳǳϻУ潫δͳ߸ˣԴ˽ǱǳǵĸǿһԲ
СʥŮڻѾǳı֮ˡ߲ĳϻᣬԴ˵˵涼
üȻϢѾҲǼ٣ǲǳϻı˶ҷΪ¸ƽϢлġڳ˶Ϊģ컪˵仰ǾãܰЩ˻𡣡
ѽƨģģǰּ棬ʶûκιϵģڻδͳߵݹ󣬻ǳǵݸλҲͲһˣ
Ǿ͵ŰɣϣҲҪʧ涼Ҵ򡣡
ʥŮ˶˶٣˵ˣСʥŮڽСӵѾ鵽ˡ
Ŷ˵˵
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գǸ鱨Ա
ûǶ½Сĵһ鱨ԱǸгӷСһǳǣǿʧٺҲˡ²²⣬Ӧǵİʧٵ飬ǳǻԲŶģӦûǳڡ
Ȼ˻ǳǣǾϸҳҳ̴ң˵Ҫ
ףѾȥˣƺܿͻϢġ
˿̣в˻ſڣΧҲȫóһ·
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Ҿ˸Сԣǲԭ򱣻ǻˣֵĳϻǣԲ̫һӵġ̫һҰķǳҲԲǳһ˵ݸλߣһ˻ңͲҪǶ֣ͻ뾡һа취ȥɱġȻЩ˱Ͼǳǵˣ޷϶֮Ĺϵûۼɱɵġ
½ʥŮˣ½ȫڵȴŻᣬȻ˻ңǾֻˡ
ڻ֮ڣɽѾȹϵˣ鷢̫ͻȻڣҲûӦ
ԼĶӾȻδͳߣ鲻ܷ˭ϣһʱ֮䶼޷ܵġ
ɽǶû뵽ϢϳȻСӾƺ󴫳ģ˵ǳӷǵģ㣬ǿԿ϶ģΪʱһĹ֮˾ǳӷ硣
˵ģǻҵļã˰䣬ȴһͷĺڷ
ΪҵļүүԼδͳߣڻã˵ȻһĺϢϢҲԵǻŵġ
ɽ˵ף²ǷͻȻһ̫졣룬ӷǼΪڶʱ˵δͳߵݣȴͻȻ˵˳ѵͲ𣿡
˵ϳȻСӾƺ˵ڵ𣡡
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ЩãɽˣûȥʻδͳߵݣǾǵģһԼȫ֪»Ϊʸ֮ġû뵽ĵ黹Ƿˣ
ѾˣѧԺ涨Ĵ½ĺܶǿߣ׼ŰɱһǴᣬڰҪǷǳѵģ
ʱ򣬻үӣȫѾˣϣйѦӣүϳȥԲߣ
Ŀ죬ȫˣԲߣѦңǻЦİɡ
ףѦУѦǼȻ᲻Ҫĵڶɱ֣̫һ˵ˣһҪ
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үӣԴ鷢ڣӶӰѾˣȴһֱϵϡ
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ǣүӣ
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ҿڣѾȫˣ֮ϰˡ
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ճĻãЦϣȥ󣬵Ҳû
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ϷѾȥˣһҵġϣһ߲ȫһҵǲܻġ
ǵȻģֻҪҵˣǾǳϻԱԲκ˵ġ
гϻıϷҲͷĶˡˣѦʲô
Ѧүһֱû¶棬ѦȻʹѦҡ
δͳߣв½պϣȻҪȫ֮ȥˣԲκ˵
˵ĺһҵˣƵһҪֵģѦҰɡ
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ϳ˵еļ壬ȫˣȻҪ棬Ǿ㡣ȻȥɱǺƼҼˡ
ȻЦһ˵ȥɱҼ˰ɡ
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˵ɱɱٶҪ죬ɱ֮㺰һ䣬ȻȺУԲܰԼ¶ˣ
ϳһȺȺм䣬һ˵ƱȽϸߣϳһ˵ļʵǣһ£ļҵģ

Ͳ˵ϳһѴ̵Ѿ̽ţЦҿɲ֪˭ֻҪͺˡ
䣬ϳ̵ջأ̻һλãҴ󺰵ˣҵ˱ҵɱˡ
ʲô
ҵ˱ҵɱˣ
ܶˣ⸽ˣȫֻѾһ˵˵ϣſѪΧˣȫɢ˿
Ȼһһ˵ļʵֵܣļҵģ
ǲҡ
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ˣɱˣҵ˱Ѧҵɱˡ
һȺ˿˹صǲҵˡ
ظڸԼҵ˱ɱƢֱ̣Ӱγ󺰵Ѧģ̫ɱҲҵˣҪȫ
ˣ˱ɱˣѦңѦҵ˸ɵġ
Ҳɱˣǻҵµɱ֡
Χһʱ֮䣬һٴңʮʮˣȫǼ壬ˣɱ˵ģҲͬʱ⼸ˣ


2085 ޳ӣ
ׯ԰ĸͬһʱ䷢ĻȫǸˣˣЩеģһøողȶٴչңڵңղҪǧٱϾղŻδѾ̫һǸֹסˣڣǶô򵥣Ƕɱ֣ʣ͵סҲʲôطʲô£ѦɱһҵˣҹżҪɱҵ˱һʱ֮䣬֮⣬ȫף
ֻܶһδͳߵľڼ໥ƴɱ֮£Ҳ˲أȻЩ壬Щ񶼲Źôھ¹ЩСС񲻸ЩˣΪԱҵĳϣҲҪɱ䡣
ͨˣȻͳΪⳡҵһҪģֻҪһΪģУȫ˱˻ҵУΪһģԻɱΪߵģֻҪıһһӣҲԸһ
һӶׯ԰ΧѾˣصʬ壬صѪνѪɺˣⳡҵʼٸߣףȴѾ˵û˵Ľ䣬ⳡϷķŻЩﲻͻ᲻ϵȥϵˡ
Ĵ½ЩˣȻֺٶ֣ڵĻңǲòǰȻԼˣɾҪˣ
Ƕ½ʥŮСʥŮһȺǿ߱м䣬ЩˣСʥŮܵ˺ҲͲûض½ˡ
˵ز˾ʹաǻСʥŮͻΧϺ󡣡
ҪɱȴòٴȥԼⷽûаôġ˵ĻУ˵߾߶ǲܵģǿĳ־ɱһѪ·Ȼһĳɣ
ⳡ֮⣬Ҳдˣˣȴǳǵģ
ׯ԰İ״һ½̳̳֪֮ʱˣ˶ڳ֮һֱ򻪼ǱߵĴңȴһܹȥֵģ
СʥŮ󣬲ɱˣһȥȳɣ
һ赭дǱߵĻңСС֣Ҫһ˳Ҳһǳɵ㡣
С¶Ҫ˳ĻǾԵʥŮЩνǿ̫ûˡ
в½ǳǵģֻʥŮСɫˣҵġ
ʲôõĵġ˼СʥŮҪԼ֪һûõĶƸʥŮҶ½߻һƵģЩǰǿҲ翴ȥˡСʥŮǳǣʥŮЩǰǿһܸ˵ģϾСʥŮʥŮѡģֻãǰʥŮԡأһ˿ʥŮԪܳΪһʥŮ̳˵ģ
˵꣬Ϊ׵ģߵȫԸ£Ȼ˵˲֣ǾһҲ
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̫һǸղŴӻҳǸұΪΪδͳߣ̫һǵһסµģû뵽̫һ֮⣬һ
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ԣǻСǳǡСǳǵҲûҪôһˣΪµġ
£ʲôµģһıƣǲ˴֮á
ʹˡⳡңͺñһ̨Сӿ԰ڳôһ̨̨ϵ裬ԼȴԹۣһ൱µ
Ȼ޳Ӷ˿СӣǾͲȥСӵʲôɣ
޳ӣ½ѧԺĵһѧҲǶ½һеĵһǿߣ
ӷ벻ԼôһΪ֪ȴѾ˷Ϊ޳ӣǸѽ
Աߵһ䣬ϳ˵ֵܣٲеƻ˿ɾҪĲˡ
ӷ˵ʲôЩ˻ûأ
䣬Ȼ˵ˣǶˣ
ڻׯ԰ſڣãȫ˳һĻã
ڻû֣Ѿˣˣᷢչʲô
ֹǡ
Ͽɲܿһȥǳǵȫۼ˶ˣǳǻһˣ˻ֹܶ࣬Ӧûļ
ϼҳɲǼ仰ֹģٻֻҹȼգΧ֮ء
˼ֻ˵ĳ֣֪Ƿˣּһҹгλֹͣƴɱ
ȫס֡
һŭˡ
ܶѾιȥЩ΢ܳܵסģҲѾѪǿֹסⳡҡ
ӷ˵ʱˣ֪ͨԪǱ߶ֻ֣Ȼһȥϳ壬ͳȥ󺰣˵زԶĻұԺ
ã֪ͨԪ졣
ͬʱӷҲѾ֪ͨ˳裬ǱߣҲѾԽȥˣ
ұԺ뻪ׯ԰Ҳֶѣһıǳ󣬿ƽûסġ
Ԫ콫ԺУڽӵӷǱߵʶѶԪ޵飬ڿڣͽж·ȫѹˣһ˿ҵ֣֮ĸһֳƵģеĶȫƷ顣
ѽ𣬽Ҳ㵹ùѦѬ֮飬ͿǱΪضûʲô³ġֻǿ˻ǼһҪñӣǰѧԺһУͨ㴫ѦѬĶУ
ԪЦһûаϧֱˡ
ͬʱҲѾյ˳ӷʶѶѾұԺǱˡ
ҹڷߣһҪȥɱɸҲͦˬģǼĵȦףҪٿĪ磬Ϊɥ֮Ȯָоɱ޷ġ
ѽ·ԼѡģȻѡ̫һΪ裬Ҫе


2086 һ
ԪǱѾλˣҲѾұԺȥˣׯ԰ҲȫڳӷĿƵУ˵һмƻеʮ˳㣬ΨǷȱģһϢһʤУΪɥ֮ȮϢϢǺѣҲҪκεطȥѰңȥֻһ仰ɣ
еĳӷϳ˵˵ͷʾʱѾˣͿҵȥⳡϷˣϷһݣĻңעҪΪһ㣬ѵͬʱҲĴ½ǳڲһϵлɱҲµĴ䶼ûμˣȴô磬һˣڴǰˣǳӷⳡƻҲɱһ˰ˣҪɱһˣˣǺѣӷֱӶֺ֣αظôأ
Ҫסӷ绹ҪΪ˵ĻɱԴڻԼȫȫԼţһӷʱȥ飬λΪҵļ̳ˣңңѧԺ޼ѧԺȫԼС
ҹв֪ʱܲһƣŰǳǣ¡¡ŵδأʹĻΧЩѪˮУԱߵˮȥһǿҵѪζΪ̱ǣԲ֮ڣɢŨŨѪζΪڻׯ԰ΧĺܶˣѾϰѪζû˶Ҳûκһ˴뿪
鶼ѾչˣҲ٣ûһҲаʮǳĹ֮£û˲ҵ飬һôˣº̯ҪʰȽ鷳ЩߵѣݣҪһ˻ΪעҵĻ
Ѿôˣ˵㣬Щ֮Իղ֮ԻȫΪ˻δͳߵݱȫǵҲȫܵʱ㻪ǾԵǻ̫ˣ޷ȫǵ˽
ʲôطΪʲô
ѽδͳߺ˲𣬼ȻΪδͳߣǾҪΪЩ˸ôˣȴڻ¶棬ûʸΪδͳߡ
νߵ£ҪΪͳߣҪǳǵģղÿһˣ˵Ϊģʱ򣬻ǲǸó˵仰ˣ
Ⱥһһȥģ˵ҲûνͳߣʵǿͿˣҪõ˵ӵû˷ĻͳҲֻܿɱ¾ȥ£ɱ¾ǿУɱû˸ȥ㣡ɱ¾ͽΪһǱƳģɱ¾£Ҳʲô³οĴ½ǿһλͳߵȷǶһ޶Ĵڣ·߷չƲͳһ½Ѿ˸ɱˣܶ˶Ը⿴һλľ£
ãɽʱ򶼺ΪѣǻҿһһҼҵȥˣκˣκμ壬ȴʱ򣬽ȫǵȫˡδͳ߳Լң˵ľˣǾҪ˳⣬ģ
λȰһ£Ϸ˵仰
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ȻүлҪ˵Ǿɡ
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˶٣ã˵Ϸ֪ҶһδͳߣϷǲӡ˵ʵԴϢ󣬵ڣϷǲӶûлϷҲ֪ʲôط
үӶ֪䣡ںǰɡô£ȫǶѾ֪ˣ֪ܲ
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ұԺ֣Ϊ˱鷳ҸϿȥѽ
ͬһʱģһ˶һȴû֪Ǵʲôطģʲô˺ġ
ãɫޱ䣬ڱԺΪʲôԼ֪˷֪ˡ
ȻҵˣǻСҿȥɡ
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ףһǻҡղŵĻңҲġ˵ڱԺطƽﶼûȥģôܻ
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û⡣
ϳڹͻ֣˵Ҳ߶ʮһֱ磬һãǺȥ
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ֻһֵֺС󣬻ãһȻ̧ͷߵڣͬʱԼߺը
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֮⣬һıըׯ԰Ÿը˷飬ˣϣˣоˣʶ뽫͵ϮԼҳ˭ôĵӣ̫ͷ϶
ã˸Ҫҳ͵ϮԼ˵ļһʱȴ֣ȫǵˣѾȫ뿪ˣȫұԺ˹ˣ
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ӷ翴Żãһŭӣһˬѽ˵ɵƯȥұԺǱߵĺϷҲˣ
ף˵ôˣٲȥҪʲôˣ
Ѧҵ˶û˵ǻҵ飬ûʲôϵҲܻδͳǼ٣ɱĻԼ޷ֻ֣ܵĴ½ˣϻǱǱ˻ѦǲɵȥϻΪУ


2087 壡
ڻ˵һĴ壬˵Ȩƣ͸ֻҪôһӣĳɾͶǲģĵˣԲŹĿǰʵ򲻹ˣû԰նԸˣֻҪһʱ䣬Լʵ㹻ˣǾͱضĨɱ
̫һĺʵҲĲɣ鲻ԸģܶʱˣΡȲǻү滹һΪ֪ӣǸˣӹңҲǳưԣϾڻ֮ϣźüȻǿƵļ壬ڻһУһ̫һûо԰նԸģԣھͱҪ̣ǲԼĵΪ裬˵ﵽԼĿģһᣬ̫һ
ͬģǻĶԸ֮ˣһΪУǻͲ˿ԥ̧֮佫ɱܵԶҲŹģԶ
죬Ȼ˸ƻڱ͵Ϯ֪ԼԸ˵ĳǿߣǸͲ͵ϮһףȻ͵ϮֶΣǾ˵ԸԼ涯֣ʵҲȻԼ֮£ô͵ϮԼ˻ϣܶԸӵʲôطдˡ
ǻôҲ벻͵ϮԼģȻǸ͵ϮԼɣҲܣԼǵȦӣĻķŭǱϼӱͲţԷһֱȥֻҪ΢ͣƬ̣·һ
Сʱˣ׷ɱ͵Ϯ֮ѾСʱˣСʱڣûȥģǸͨѶҲ֪˶ٱ飬ǲڣ͵ϮѾԻŭܲǰɣɡ
ŻȦӵǳ裬Գֽʵ˵ҪɱһǼֱ̼飬磬͵õһһ磬ӷֽڤӵһˣǰǵȴڣʣһǳĶ֣첻ǳӷҪ˵ĻҲ˵Ǳͣ׷ɱ
ڰǰѾӵ˳ӷʶѶӷǱѾȫ׼ˣھҪǣҲǻȥǣ谴ճӷ˵ĵص㣬һ·˹
ұԺĿǰλãȫǵˣĴ½Щ˶ûе赽ʱҲˣûʲôˣڻĳӣɲ
ҹ
ǻұԺǰԼ׷˰Сʱˣ󣬾ӰҲûˣһϢûˣ֪һΧһǶ
תһ˫΢˵ﲻһұԺ𣡡
Χǰһ㶯ҲûС˵ﻹģȫΪĵشܻ˵İѽ
Ѿʼ˫۳ΧȥȴûҪԺΪܿ϶͵ϮԼ֮˻᲻ڱԺвʲôأֻԼȥˡԼҵıԺԳ˵ǲԼ߾ģҲǸӵˣԽΪԼҵıԺԽǾ衣
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ЦһԺȻֻһ˵Ϣų棬ֻԼȥԺڶԼ֣ҲԼֲ
Ҫҵע͹ֶΣʲôӢۺú
ţԱԺڴ󺰵
ԺڵϢԽԽգ漴һŮ˵㣬㡭
ӱԺڴĺ˵ôôϤ
ѽһϤӱԺڴ˿̾͸ӿ϶͵ϮԼˣǹ⽫ġ
ңҸ㡭
Ů˻û˵꣬ȴѾ˭ʵǲǶ𣿡
ǻŮˣཻѾüˣȻϤ˵һˣ벻ǲμӼʢᣬʲôۻᣬģҵˣǳǵˣ֪ǻ϶˵Ůˣǻҵϱĵã
ڣڱԺ֮ˣȻǶûһʱ֮俪ʼĪ⵽ô£͵ϮԼļһｫԼڱԺ֮ȴԼĵãѵڶʲô²ɡ
ȫ˭ֵ֪ܣϵǳãΪֳģڸ涼չ˻룬Ҳǳػ硣ڻŮˣԼĵڱԺӦˣܾʹȥʲôѽ
ӣҪĨһսˣ
˿ܱԺʲô壬һҪȵģǣ˵ֱӽһ߿˱Ժ
ɵһԺ˶סˡ
ԺĴһֳȴһ˿ңڵϣӣȻǱˣոѹδָ
ʱֻӲͷƤǰκεļɻ䣬Ҳûʱȥɻʲôʵʲô£˭ģ
ֹģȻҪΪ𱨳ģ˭֪ûʲôĶ𣬾ȻӲǽƿˣ˫ָԼţһ仰Ҳ˵ڣϵıʮѿ
ڶǻԼ˴ģԼʲôûԼԵʱ﷢ʲôѾˡȻװһʲô֪ӣöǷŭɫ԰׵ңһֱΪһ˾ӣû뵽Ȼֱ޳ܵСˡһֱô㣬㵱ɺô磬㣬㶼ʲô
һʼ;ܲԾôһ˵˶Ϳˣʵ˵Щʲô
˵ʲôװ⣬£Ҫһ
㽻Ҹʲôѽһ˵ӣȴȥ˵
ң飬װʲô֪㵱ҶʲôˣJIŮ𣬻㻪Ӱڲ𣡡
ɵϣʱҲе˼ˣο
˶סˣɫҲļΪ԰ףȴںͿ֮нڵһУһ˿ҵĶͻأãмˣ
֪˱˵У±˿Ǿ㻪һҲ˵׵ġȻǰŮֻһʶİˣǻԲϣȫµ˶֪ҲûʲôǣŮǶѽȫǵ˶֪ǻŮˣһ֪ˣԸ񣬻ƴ
˵ؾԲܶһ̣û˷ǰ뿪Ҫö𣬲¸κˣȲ鵽˭ڱԼͺðˡ
ɻߣѾ̫ˣ棬һĽŲкܶ˵ĳһڽкӣһ


2088 ñӣ
ȫǵˣĴ½Ѿӿ˻ұԺ⣬ʱ֮䣬ұԺȫΧЩ˾ʦİ㣬޲ýұԺΪƽأÿһ˶һʱ
ʱֻҪһ¶棬ִһƨڶǱǱɱִԺڵĻһ֪ģ뿪һԺڵ鱻˿ЩҲɨˣĿɳ𣬻ңҲݲϾǴŴ󻧣ǳΪϵ֮һ˵ʵڻ飬ҿɶˣ
ͨ棬ûʵ˰ѺڿɱԼٸɱǿ߻ҪΣգȫǵˣȫˣɻڶף⵽ôһ£ݺôһϷҲڽȫǵ˶ѽҲͽԼҵˣ
ô£
ͷ󺹣ʲôûȴ˱ץڴĸоǻڵϵĶûκ·Ҳû·һ鲼ҲûСңԺڻҳһ˿ǻᷢʲô飬Ǹˣ˭Ҫ
ɵʱ򣬸ͲݻȥƿؾƣѾڱ˵ƿصˣһʼ͵ϮǿѾΪһӣİڷţԼȴȻ֪
ôΪʲô
ҲҲܻԼʲô´ĺãȥġֽ洫ȥ֪˲ˡ
һУ㰲ŵģ
Ȼ뵽ǻĹҲ룬ΪʲôҪʲôô
ұ졣˻֪˵ҡ
˵ҵ㻹Ǹ㽫Ҵˣġ
ڻΣɱﻹҪԩѽģ˭˵ݺԼ
ڣĻֵĵʲôֻܶ˺ӣѾδͳˣһ
δͳߣ
⻰һ亹ԼʲôʱͱδͳˣѹֻôˣԭΪġ
뵽˺ü˻ẦԼһ̫һȻԼ̫һڰкĹϵ̫һԼģֻΪԼ棬˭һ棬뾡һа취ѵԼ̫һȻΪҪ
Ȼ̫һ⣬뵽ѦҸżҵˣΨûȥľǳӷ磬ΪӷûҪԼҸ֮䣬Ͳκεìܣ
һ£δͳߣ֪δͳݵģ˰ˡһҲӷΪУûҪɳ£һôûСҳ£˭֮ˣ
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ҳ£ɨأΪģǡ
ɫޱ䣬ȥԼĲ²⣬²ҲġԷñķݺԼƫƫöΪʲôԼݺˣǻҵļ̳ȻҪ˵ģڻһУȥҰ֮⣬ֻһ롣
ѵǻ룿
뵽˻ϣҲûѽǣ˽ġ
ȫɱͻ֣ɱȫ˶ϣǱŮˣƫƫ˵ʲôˡ
ǲ㣿ǲһݺҵģ
׻˵Щʲôɫ԰׵ݺŭȸ״ɫĴ𣬶£ڻ룬㻹Ϊֳ𡣡
Щ˵Ļҿĺδͳߣʲôʱδͳˣǵ塣ΪҼ̳ǰɣҸǣⲻܡ
㡭
Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣѾ϶ǻԼ죬ˣġ
ͬʱڱԺ֮⣬ӷ˵ˡϳ壬ڻҪĻڣԺĴըȫǶǶԹŮ
ϳЦû⣬ˡ
˿̣ҵˣˣϻϣҲȫ˹վ˱ԺĴſڡ
ڲ棿
ã󺰵棬ǾҪʼˡ
ԺڵĻƨҷһʱ˭Ҳû뵽һڣȺ֮˹ֻ¡һԺĴţǽڣȫըˣŸǽһˣܿԺڵһС
ʱ֮䣬ȫˣĴ½ڣȫɵۣһǻұԺڵһĻһˣһһ˿ҵŮˣˣһվŷһڵɫ԰ףʹȫˣǻҵˣȥԼ۾
Ⱥĳӷ¶ЦƻһѾȫɹˣ˵ͲҪԼȥκˣÿһˣΪԼİףĻɨز˵ǻֵҲĿɳ𣬻Ҷˣ㻪δͳߣҲݲģο飬˭ȥ˵δͳ֮¡
ļΪ԰ףǱԺڵĶҪ԰׺üˮ¸꣬ҲȥԼ۾
ǶԼո극ȥѧԺȥΪʲôһ
ҿδͳߣȻ˹֮¡
ңʲô˼ѽ
㲻֪ǸŮ˿ǻδޣھȻ£ѽ˶ˡ
ҿͲʲôδͳߣǵĻǲܸɳµġ
ѽҲ̫ǸˣȻɩ
YD֮ˣ˵֮
ҳĹǸѽǻԺôǳȥ
Χһһ䣬Ѿ˵ˣҲкܶͬˣⶥñӣǴˣǵȫ˵ȥģ
½ѧԺ޳ӣһ꣬һϿŻұԺڵһĻ޳Ӳɵ̾˿ʾ
޳δͳߣǾͺðˡɫ֮ˣ֮ˣÿƵġ
ߣʵǸߡ
˵ʲô
йġ
˵ߣ
˵ģСӡ㻹û𣬻ǱˣˣСӡһп湻ݶѽЩ˵ǸŮˣǻδޣڻһ⻪ҵֵܣҪˣͬңҪˣ


2089 Ŀɳ
ȫǵĹע£ҪǾԲܵģ£Ҳ֪ԼǱ˸ˣνưͳԻп඼ԣ˵ʲô⡰ʵͰǰͲݻ͵ģǣȫǵ˶Ϲӡ
ڵ򣬶ѩģͬڵĿǿģֻҪһ㡰ͷǿǰһĻǾͲȥ룬һȥܶʱ򣬾ۿģҲδġ
˿̵Ļãɽɫڳκһ˶ҪѿѦЩ뻪Ҳ͵ļǰһĻȫһϷ̬
ΪҪƾһδͳ߳ưǳǣպ½ˣû뵽δͳߵعͬʱ飬ָͼ˵飬Ϳǻôȥˣ
Ȼεʼٸߣ׳ӷ磬Ҳܹ⿴ϷʲôѽҪгûΪѹɱĶ
δͳߵй¶ȥģΪûùһ㣬Ҳʱȥһˡ
ӷ籾һֱδͳߣЩԻ˼˽һ룬ȻҪΪԼãǾҪû¶ģɨسţһδͳߵݣƻҾǶٴӣҲҪסġ
Ȼ˵ԩһԩԩҲûʲôֱˣûưͿʰɡ
ȻѾ뵽ôˣȥԩһΣһΣҲһġ
ӷ˵Ǿȥ˵Ļ»ᱻ˻ɣҿͲֱӰѻҲˮɡ
ڻҪˮ鶼Ѿˣˮˡ
٣Ҫû
ϳ˵ף֪ôˡȻߣȥǺƼǱߡ
ϳȻֱӷȥ˺ߡ
պƣôֳˡ
Ȼڻһľζͨ죬һ֪Ǹպƹġ
˺Ȼһۣ˵ɵĺ¡
£ף˵ʲôأǿʲôѽ
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ֹ죬һ۾֪ǻŮ𡣡
Ůˣôһ𡣿û·ģ㻹˵ͦġ
ȻСӺ˵ʲô
ڱԺڵĻ֪Լһ춼˵ˣϳȻϽͣȻͲס
ϳôӲһϣһ½ôģѾľȻﱧ׵ܵܵŮ˯Ѿ̫ʧˡ
ȫǵ˼ԺһĻͺǳԾľȫʮְϳ˵ִ󣬿˵Χе˶ˡ
ʲôиʲôʲôһϣȻﱧŮ˯ǻл
Ѧվʵϳ壬ѻ˵ʲô˼
ϳװһ͵ӣ˰˵ⲻҵѽеɶǻġѾͨˣΪһܲʵ飬Ǿվڻˣ
ϳһ嵽ߣȻҲ̸˹˵֣£һġ
뱾Ѿ˵ˣô˵棬ȫ˵һ˴ñӣԼ״ԼģȻܵĺܣϳȻʱܹ˵ЩԼĻûҲԵġ
Զԣʲô֪ѽͻɽǻĹǻõݺԼҪûҼ̳֮⣬ϳȻ˵ЩĪĻָֺԼĶվ˻Ǳߣûţݺ֮֮ǻ롣
ڣѦǻҪȰģϾδͳߵ֮£ϳȻһﴫģѾˣ˵ʲô֮ʲô飬ȻҪȰ¸ס
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ȻҲҪװˣ˵Ĵ־ģû뵽Ȼˡ˯׵ܵܵŮˣ˵ֵܵŮҲ˯ˣǾйȫǡ
ϳ˵λʵͲʲôδͳߣǸٵġ
ʲô
δͳߣǼٵģ
ãˣ͵ǰʵϳ壬Сӱ˵δͳߵ飬ƼСһ˵ģȫǶ֪£ܳ˵ǼٵģǷȫǸǻҵìܡ
˵үӣҲۿˡδͳߵĻܸɳҲ¸ߴңʵֵ˵δͳߣǶǻ⣬ҪǣҴӦǺôġǻΪǸˣ̫һǵˣҲֶԸ̫һѽ֮£ŻӦ϶δͳߣܵõϻıҵõϻǱߵĴˣû뵽ȻһɩĴ쵰ˣֵǾԲΪģٰĻǾ̫Բֵˡ
ϳôһ˵ȫǵ˶ֿ˹ƵģϳȻҥԣǰȫ˶ƭˣ
ϳ壬Ȼǵȫǵ˶ɵǰɣȻˣǡ
Ȼ˵˵ֵܣɲܹѽҪֵĻǾȥֻɣһȫŵģֵҲѽ̫һѦѬǳǴֵأҲҪһɽѽǳһΨһһܸ̫һģǾͺͿˣƭ˴ңжԲסҵĵطҪɱҪɡ
еȫƵ˻ϣʣ˭ȥںõļһѽ
Ĳ϶ѾݣйݵģȻʱ侮ʯ
ϳ壬Ȼ쵰ʲôʱǹˣ
˵˰ɣӺɷ׵ܵܵδ޶˯ʻʲôɲġ˵ǲѽ
ûƭңǲң˯ɩǲ壬ˣʲôֵŵġ
ϳȻڲҪԼ˵ʲôˣ˶ŻȥȻδͳߣͺðˡ
ѦӴЦһ˵үӣû뵽ǻңȻһĻ쵰鶼ɵĳ
ͲȻã˵Ѿ˹ȥҵһȭȥ
һֱ磬û뵽Ȼҡ죬Ҫ
ñӣɻΪһжǻ밲ŵģ㻹ȶ֣ҶȻŹġ
룬һֱôãû뵽ȻҡҪΪҼ̳УңҪ˵ĻᶼûС
ֵܶˣȫڿնϣڰ֮У˫ȭԡ
顭һʵԶԶ绪˫ȭ뱻˰֮Զ
ʱϳȻϿգסȻ˵ֵܣǰ㡣
ãԼ飬Լ
ⶼʲôʱˣ˶ñӣȫǰգˣ㻹ʲôһ֣ͬ¡
һ£ԼȷǻĶ֣죬ԼôӣԼҶôӣٱм֮ûеĻԼպôǳǻȥ
ãϳ壬Ȼǵ飬һˡһ֣˵


2090 ޳뷨
ӷû֣Ϊӷ֪һ˭ֶûãǻܴܻڳӷļƻҲ𲻵κõģΨ֣֮Ǿ͵ǻã¶˾ģҪɨسˣӷļƻǳɣɹˡ
ãֲ˰ڲģڱҪǵǳǵľλã˵־ͳ֣ڣȫǵѹ֮£ãǶ˵ģңҲˣֻǵĿǰΪֹãûȫӦӦ󣬶֣ȴֱ»ǽңҲֻȶǳеĵλΪ֮±ҡ
Ѿ϶ǻŵĻʱҲѾû˿ˣʮֵܸ飬һѾΪˮ㻪ҪҪûҼ̳˵λô򵥣һɨأ˻ң㻪ҲҪҵ汳µ
ϳȻȻƫģĻİŻȥƴʱɻûл£ǻҼ̳˵Ľ˳ȥһҲûӷʲôˣ
ֲҪ̫أֻҪû룬ɱͺˡ
Ȼڻ֮󣬳֮ǰϳ˵
ϳǳ嶯͵ģرʱһˣܻỵ¡
ÿһ翴˳ˣѵ
Ȼϳܲôֻ࣬Ҫѣǿ˭˳ۣ˾ȫһ١
Ȼ֪Ҳֻϳ̫ʱֹһָᷴˣ
å붯ҡ룬мＸѵһ᲻֪һѧһĴģҶֱ֣
ȷΪһĹڻġС󣬻Ƕ͵Ĵڣ벻ͬţҲţ˵е㱽֣ͷе򵥣֫е㷢ǻʱĻƻǸѾͷ
ôƽôҺã죬㵱ȫ˵棬Ҵ˶ñӣǼҪ㣬Ҳݵġ
ֵ֮֮飬˽Ƿģ죬Ҳһɡ
ϳеĻѾ˹ȥһھ㻪ֵֵܵɻҲҪһڣЩǷĻ
Ӱһʱ֮ϳ巢Ļǰ
룬𣡡
ϳһ룬ҪΪһڡ
顭һڣڻը˿ʹȫˣۡ
룬湻˵ģķʽǷ֮顣
ԺеĶ󺰵롭
ڲҪϾֵܹϵŮˣҲҪˡκζδޣϣҪþͱȽ鷳ˡ
ڲûи̫˺ϾϳҲڲ֮ˣ壬ϳĻȫֵֻϵ·Ѿˡ
ȻһǶ۵Ķ𣬵֮УһѴ󵶣󵶳һӣһǿҵĵ⣬ڻұԺ֮⣬һѺۣͬʱ뽫еһһӱ˳
죬һ͵ȫ˵棬㻪۶壻𣬻ޡ
ɵˣܶˣΪɵˡ
ѽˡȻһñӣȴ˵ľٶ浱жѽ
ȫˣڻͣһҲΪȫ˵ĿУһõӡպӹܻңҲ൱ġ
ӷ֮ǰûϵȻˣӣΪ֮һǵѡ
ڲԶĴ֮ϣ޳Ҳǵ˵ͷ˵浱˵ãպĳɾͣԲڻ̫һ֮¡
޳ȻδͳߵģɼȻ˵ǻպĳɾͻ᲻ǲҪ
벻ɱҪ
ʲôô𣿡
Ϊã϶кôġ
ң
޳˵СӽôһϷСȥﻪ룬ԣĿģҲ룬ҵġ£иüǮ͹ģҪоԵССֻǳǵһСɫҲͬٱҲ֪ôѡɡ
ϾǳǵˣǶ½ˣһ𣿡
Ҫôˣյĺã붨ġ½Ѿû˾ǿߣǶ½棬ʥŮΪߵ쵼㣬˵ģһ£زˣպĶ½СʥŮͳ죬һһ죬Ҳû޳ʲôˣԣұҪΪǿ
޳ߵ˵ԭǳǣ֪Ŀĵġ
ҵδͳãҲСʥŮҲܻŻȥ
ҪǳǳСʥŮ»е鷳ˣõ鱨СʥŮǰʱ£Щ˵Уһʵ֮ѽ
Ϣʵ½ǿߣǶ֪ġСʥŮͻȻһ֮µǿߣã𣿡
˼˵СʥŮǺҷŷģߣûνǿߣ
Ȼˣַֻ˲Ҷˡ
޳ӲɵЦһ˵СʥŮ˵ǲ֪ǿ߸ͲܴڣУҲǿ󲻵ȥ½ЩǿߣҲΪһ˾


2091 ãĳ£
޳ӵ뷨ͦģӷûƺˣò׺һأ޳ӾȻܳˣ㻹浱Լ˫ˣڳӷʳԣӷԼһģ뾡һа취ȥռ˵ıˣȻռӷıˣǻĲͷˡ
ۿв½һеĵڶǿ߾Ҫӷʱһ½ǿߣ˵ʵӷҲѣ˭ֶαȽϸ
ѻ컪군ˣҶôӣǾݲģҲС̫⣬Ϊû֪һжڱĹ
ѻʵ˼ǣȥôһСӣ
ţȥɣҪ֣ıϣƻҵļƻ
ѻ˵ͷ˵ֻ룬ֻȸעҪԵģҲһʱȥôһ
˿̣ڻұԺϿգѾǿޱȵǴӻϱģܶˣȫ𾪣ɽڣ̫һû뵽Ȼӵǿ
һ磡
̫һȻǰϷĻ
ʱĻҲ޷ԼʵˣȻһһ磬ںϽС档
ϳȻٺˣҲ벻Ȼӵһһ磬ϴڽ磬̫һ˳ԭϰģӷ˵һҲû̫һһģǵ˵Ļڽڱ̫һˡ
̫һڵı飬Ҳסˣû̫һǰչֳʵ
һصĻͦģȻһһһ硣
̫һ̺ˣʱȥﻪȻͻ˶֪֮ĹϵȻ췢飬̫һûκεüֵˣûлʲôǡɼȻչֳǾ㻪ûãǸһ磬ȴ˶õģ̫һҲ⡣
㣬
̫һһ˵̫һߣҲ¹ѧԺ̫ӵĳԱ
̫ӣкηԸ
㿴׼ᣬȥﻪһѣȫˡ
ﻪ
ô࣬ҵĻȥˡ
ǣϡ
Ļ̫һʲôֻǻɽʵףôһһ磿
ã̾˿˵չذ꣬ڴϴ̫һģϷһһ硣Ϸû뵽ᷢ飡
ףֻһ磬һһֻʣһˣ
Ϸһ磬ڴϴ̫һΪǳһеĵһǿߵĻǶһ˵дôġֻڡ첻Ըѽƽ˾ɳ飡ȫǵ˶´õĻ¾ң޷ǳȥˣ
ɽʵףô
ӣһһ
˼˵
һңΨһѡˡ
䣬ãڻδһɱǰãѾֹ
Сס֡
ãͬһѹȥ
үүҡ
С飬үү
үүҽ͡£ǻݺңԩġ
ԩС󣬲ʲô涼㣬Ȼ˵ݺ㣬ãϷ𡣡
ѽݺ㻪˵˭ѽ
Сɳ£ȻϳСӺıԼδͳߣҰģʣһңݵ㡣
ãǳˣĳӷ̲סЦ
ѽûˣպܴǳǣҲǼĹģֻڰй
֪ãΪ˴֣ضԼڻңԼǳˣԼ˵ʲôûãɾ㻪ݲԼԼҲܱ˻롣
ãܺá죬ΪԱҪһЩ飬ֽǰסġ
ҲȥˣһָŻã˵㵱飬ΪĹˡҳңҲҪϲɨء
쵰СҶϷ񡣡
ʱˣһʲôҵġ룬ҵλӣҸ㣬ⲻܣΪϲģ˽Ĵ㡣ʮǰһ˽ӣȻǸ˽ѾˣȴһҰ֣һҵҰ֡
ֱӾͽãĳ¸˳⻰Ĵȫÿһ˵ĶС
ΪǳΪϵ֮һļȻ˽ӣ£ȻΪǳһİԣңҲΪߣҲǻãΪʲôӲҽ˽ӣ˽Ӵػҵԭ
ô֪µģ
ãֱӳˣЦҪ˲֪ǼĪΪ㰵ǸҰ֣ڣΪҲ֪𡣽ұңպĻңҲǻġ
ɽ⻰̷ʵף˵ǲģ
ãûлش𣬶Ի˵ӽһңҲûϸϷ
ݲңǳȴڻҵġɲϲ˵㡣

һһ磬ͬҲУƾʲôɱҡ
С
ʱһס˻ã
̫ģ㻹ߡ
ƣãضɱԼģʱߣǾ߲ˣ
ծһһֻġǸҵš
ת̫һҲһͬȥ
ڣû˻ԳӷѾ𲻵κεвѽҪλΪҵļ̳ˡ
ǰ˵Ǽ£ȴóӷ˼ɻ䣬ͬʱҲûɽ˻ᡣңһҰ棬һã֮踽Ұָӻڻɽвġ
ͻ飬ʹĻ£һģˣȴһϷ̬
˼֮ˣӷҪ취ùϵʱ򣬳ӷоԼ󣬴һɱ
ʲôˣ
Сˣƺˣ浱֪𣿡


2092 ľ
ӷôҲ벻Լݺ£Ȼ˷ˣֵǣȻ˷ԼļƻΪʲôֹԼڣƻѾȫɹˣʱȴܳͲƻģԼʾģ
Լʾɱǻ˵ãɲҪʲôʱˣǿһģ
ӷûȥˣȫǵ˶ĻʲôѾǳӷ֪ˣȻѾ˻ңйڻãĳ£ãΪ¶ҡǳǵĵλضûҼ֮ģ֮ᴫ˭ɽ룬ǸҰ־Ͳö֪ˡ
Ȼڳӷԣãǽ֮λӴҰӣĻӷлᣬȥﻪ⻪֮λӣһܽˡ
ѾȫǵҲǿ˻ⳡϷЩڻׯ԰ˣȻ
ϷѾˣһˣͷβҲûֹ
վȺУȺɢȥʱŷ֣ĴѧԺ˼ڣһӷ硣
ӣүѾȻȥˣҸ˵һӷǼһۡ
ҵ˶Բ˵
ĺϷӷ綼û¶棬ҲֵġҾú֣ϳȻӷһ˵£ϳһĹδͳݣӷΪʲôûȥ
벻ͨʱ򣬲˵㻹ǸˣѾµ˵ʲô
ȻתһˣվԼһҲ
ʲôˣ
˲شδϵЦȴòػë
ңǳǵˡ
һģ
һ涼ǣȴصġ
ң
û޼ѧԺ档
޼ѧԺ棿
Ц޼ѧԺǸĵطǳҪ̸ɣǳҪ룬Ȼ㲻ǳǵˣΪʲôҪ㣿
ӷ粻Ҳǳǵ𣬿ȴԼ¹ѧԺΪʲôҾͲܼ޼ѧԺ˵ˣҼ޼ѧԺǲңǼѽµĴϣܰ޼ѧԺǲңŵһˣǳӷ磬̫һĴ½еЩǿߣͳͳܷŵ
زףǰһǴðģҲδ̫˰ɡ
ܴܳӷ̫һΪʲôҪ޼ѧԺ
˵ˣֻȥġͬʱҲ뿴νǿߣǿһôĳ̶ȡ
磿
˫һʵ֮ԣ·㲻ǺĴ½Ƶģ
ûһ治ǺĴ½ˣǴһռ䣬һġ
Ŷ
˵һ磬ǲûʲô֣һռʲô˼
ɣһǴһռء
ؿɲ˵Ҫˣȴ˵컪ҵ飬ǳӷ簲ŵģǱӷݺġ
һ⻰ͣ˽Ųʵô֪
Ϊû˱Ҹ˽ӷ磬ǵֶΣͲö룬һ֪ˡ
ʶӷ磿
ֹʶܶ꽻ˡ
ȻˣΪʲôȥ¹ѧԺӷ磬޼ѧԺʲô
Ǿ仰档
䣬һǿֱӳأȴֻڲصתûйء
ǿմ
ľذɡ
ľأ
ѽһ˭˽ӷģӵ˵ѣ˵ʵҲֻгӷ磬ܶԸľˣɱˣľصֶΣɱȳӷһƻҪգ
ãȻǳӷѣ޼ѧԺʮֻӭ㡣֪֪ӷʲôطүү쵽ǲһۣ
Ǹƣ˰죬ȴ֪ͱ˸ˣ׷ȥˡ
Ŷ˶ϣ˵ƻ飬֪
һ޳ӵģӶ½ġ
˵ʲô޳ӣ
˶һ½һеĵһǿ߾Ȼǳǣң˳ӷ磡
ȥҳӷ硣Ǹ޳ǸǳΣյ
ҿˡȻǸ޳Ӷ˳ӷ磬ȴ̫СӷˡСӷļһﶼ˶áҿ㻹ȥһһ˰ɡ
˭
½ʥŮһʲôСʥŮ
ʥŮСʥŮ
һô½ôȫû֪Ƶġ
ľ֪黹治٣ʲô޳ӣʲôСʥŮΪû˷֣ĺܣȴľظˡ
Ȼǳ޵УЩϵ¡
Աߣ˹
С꣬㻹湻ģҸһͱ㷢ˡ
ҵڣ
ʵλǰǰлǲҡ
ػϳ˳裬ϴζҶǳġ
ôȻӷǲңǾѡ߰ɡ
ǰȥģ
һǸʲôСʥŮ
ľ˵ԼȥҰɣҿûй򡣡
ľػľأԸ񣬸ǰһı䶼ûУǰҪǿ
ҿڵһɣ
һͷ亹һ磡ɣȰ񽣻һһҲ̫̬˰ɡ
ҿɲ㣬һҳӷСӣүò׸һġ
ȥһɣ
Ǹһɲ˷ˣȥġ
ľĴ½Ǹһ֮ˣ˵ҪȥҳۣԭһȥЩӵһĳǿߣһ֣ǵһ˹ڣǳǵġ
ǺãˣȥǸνСʥŮ档
Сһ㣬ѾͷߣɻһѾͷ
ʲôѾͷ߻һѾͷ
ûףȴ׵ĺܣ˵ǲǸ𡣡
²ôã
Ҳѻ˵ףľֱˡ
ػ뽫ľشزҺúдһѽǿı̬ѽ
˵òҪǼһߵ̫ıˣҪǮ
ǰǲô
ѣеʱѰɣǵˡ
ʲôʲôѽǵĹϵӡ
ֻһ£ǼһǼӷһ·ɫҲǵ˵ֶΡǳˣˣҪඣ
ѽǰӷľ֮䶼ȥģ˵ÿζǳӷӮľزǰаӷ羡ɳĻŪĻϷһָ¹˭أ
˼ľضţ棬յ磬ǿߣһ磬ӷ粻ô۸ⷽϣͲľصģ


2093 Ի
ӷһ·׷ϣһβ˸
ԷһȫڣΨһǰɫģмһѻͷȫɢĪ⣬ԳӷĹ۲죬ӵ磬Ҳ൱ţˡ
ǳǿߣӷ綼ѾԪ꣬ҲѾֹˣûд˵Ĵڣɴ˿ɼ˸ͲǳǵģӦĴ½һӦǸѧҲ˵Ĵ½һѧԺģ
ٶȹˣȻ׷֡
ѻתԳӷ磬˵ٶҲǳǵһУ̫һձݺĻ⣬ûеٶȡ
ѻתˣл˼˵ǳǵһУֻ̫һӷģƲۡ
˻ŵʱ򣬶ΪԼΰһССĳɾͣͽȫϿˣһŻ֪Լжôɡ
֮⣬Ҫɱඣ
ԼҲ˵ˣǱݺģôҾͲ´ȥ֪ˣȻܻš
㻹ûǸ°ɡ
һô֪
ΪǵСӣڱɵЩ£Ϊû֪Ҹ㣬֪µģɲһɱңһˣҲɱˡ
ôҿҪл㽫˵¸ˣͺףȥͬɣҲҲҪ̫һԽ
㻹Ƕ⣡ͣҵжӲסȻɱˡСӣɱĻһֶ׷Ѿˡ
ʵҪɱǰˣǼ£ӷԽɱɱͻֿᷢԣһ޷֪ͬ˭һͬｫԼݺ˻ңƻҾҪ㳲ԸԼˣڶֿǣɱ˴ˣͬͻͲҪӷȥҡֿԣӷ粻ðգΪһʱ֮죬ԸԼһҸƵѦǱߣӷ鷳
˵һҲûͣȷе㲻֪ߵغˡЩνǿߣҲȷǲҿҸطú̸̸ɡ
ѻһʱЦΪӷ˵̸ͲˣҲû㽫ɵġ¡ˡֻѡ
ŶȻˣҾлˡ
æлǣѾ˻ңݺĿҲ޷£룬Ϊҵļ̳ˣȻûĹϵҵע⡣
һеСȻ֪ԼݺĿˣ
ҵȷġ
Ǵ̣Ϊңǿˡ
ǣ˵ǣ֪ķ
㲻Ҫ֪㲻鱻֪Ļǰ˵ȥ죬ǧҪȥ򻪼ҵ⣬⣬ֻ·һ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦѽȷǲģڵ˭˭ѽٺڣҲҪи󵽰ɡҷôˣûã˻ңǵҪֳɵıѽвң湻ֵġ
⣬кַܶһңҲһܳԵµأˣǳڣŻҵģɻѦҡҿɣģҲе㹦ͣȻûͰ쵽飬ȥ죬ֻҪһͿˡ
ѽ⣬кַܶҪһ׬ݺôĻͲ˶ĵأҶЩʲôˣľǼۣȻԷĵϸǾöԷȥɣ󣬳ӷ绹ͬҸһһͬ£ǳǣͱȥ˰ɡ
㵹ͦģҲûʲôҪô˵Ҫ٣
ھͿʼ̸Ǯˣðӷռ䣬Ĵ½ûʲôʽ𣬼ȻҪǮңҲҪĻ̫
֪û񽣵ţ
ȻǳǾĵѽΣҲǳǿߡ
ãһֵǮ
ǵýǮġ˵СӣҷϻʲôҪ٣;ʨӴ󿪿ڰɡ
飬񽣶˵ǽǮܺѽӷ񽣶Լ֪ʲô顣
ȻԷԳӷһ֪ӷҲûҪʲôȥŻһҲô̵ģһ֣;ȥɣʱˣǮ
ҿɣǮҲŸңҿӣҲǸǮȥϴ˵һ˵һȥġ
Сӣʲô˼
ûɱ˼ˡ
ѻڶеЦⶼʲôѽô㵽ڣǶԷԼһ·Ƶģ
СӣòҪʲô
ңһû͵ˣЩǿǰʲôѽҵҪһ£ǧҪǳȥҳӷ֣Ȼ첻ɱңڵġ
ӷԱ˼ţȻ˶Է֣ǶԷҲһȥԼģһǲ鵽Լʱǳκһº󣬾ͻ֪ǽΪǶôĿЦ
ãӷǰɣҼסˡϣ´μʱ㻹Ǹˡ
ȻǻˣֻҪ˵ˣżŵˡǣ
ѻٶ˵ϻЩһʱҲ뿪ǳǵģҪȴʵҲδͳߣǴӻĲʣ鲻Ըȥ
ӷһ뿪޳Ӿʹѻǰ˵Сӻе˼
޳ˣʲôղһʡ¡
޳Цһ˵ղû֣á
ʲô˼
СӸղ˵ʲô֣
ӷ硣
֮ǰһ¡񽣣Ѿɱ
ʲôˣǳǲһǿǿǼĺѽ
ⲻص㣬صǣɱ񽣵ˣͽгӷ磡
ѻ˶һ㶣ղŻӷ˵ǵﲻǽǮܺģ޳ȴ˵񽣱ӷɱˣѹֳӷղŻʳ⣬ԭЦԼģ
СӾȻ˴ܻɱ񽣣
ֹһ񽣣ǴͷĹ֮ˣܻųġ˵ǳ˭δͳߣǶӷˡ
ץһʾ֪ˡ
ܻɱ񽣣ңҲûռκαˡҸղŴϢȻǶҪԿˣ
Ǿͽݺ߻ңûȥԸ
ûǸҪڰԸҲǼ׵£ֻҪȶ֣ǾͲҪǾͱһ
ѻʱ򱳺͵һղӷ˵ǼΣ֮ѽܻɱ񽣣ǿ֪ģһԼղŶֵĻ޳ûϵ֮ǰԼɣ
ȻЩһﲢûۼӷɱ񽣣֪ӷ統ʱǶôس˵ȫȫѽ˳ʵʤѽ
ڸʲô
СʥŮǱ߿ǱߵҲܷɣӲŻȥԵĻϣͽ


2094 ٣أϷ
ĸ磬ֻҪһĴڣⷽڲභҲʮƽģֵ֮䣬֮䣬֮䣬֮䣬Ķǣ޴ڡ
йʷϣΪҵһ֮Ķ˵ǿʱڵľӶհɣǿиѽ󣬳ʤ֮⣬ܻҲôһѣˣȫȥˡ
ȻĴ½ǳ˵ɣûгϻĴڣż壬ѧԺ֮䣬Ѿչ޾ս˵ҲеôͬȨôԽңǶ˵ԽʱֻҪֶΣԴ㣬
ӷһӲû̵ļһҲ⣬Ȼ֪ԷĵϸǾͲ׳֣֣ضҪѪƱҪȡ
ΪڰǰɣǾͷ棬ڿʼһһһҵļ֮£Ҳǵʲôͷʲô
޳Ӹѻ뿪ӷһγڽβѾԶȥӰӷ¶Цһ·ֱӸȥ
ǳǵĽһȽƫƧĵطƫƧĵطžƵֱ꣬͵ľƵ꣬½ʥŮСʥŮΪǳǸ⣬ѡ˽ıƵס´仹мʱ䣬⼸ڣûҪǳǵĸ򽻵
עǸƽӣǱߵϷտ꣬صƵ꣬СʥŮͲðϢ˵˵ĽʹƵ֮ڣȫСʥŮˣɢ˱Ƶÿһ䡣
ͬʱڱƵڣʲô԰ЩطһСʥŮ£ô˵ûκαˣȫѾˣɴ˿ɼߣǸǿߣ֮䣬ȡ
ûвԷʲôˣ
СʥŮסһҲ˵Ƶ꣬ȫǸıƵ꣬ǳкܶ࣬죬Ͳʲôȥġ
СʥŮԷǿͬȣӶûп壡
һȺûõĶ˶Ѿɱˣȴ˵ӶôĽҵİȫǡ
СʥŮģԷǿҲֻһˡкüʮ˰ѹأǲɱġ
˵ʵСʥŮڻ治ЩˣЩԭʥŮģʥŮЩǿ߱ͶԼǰʥŮڣܱԼû£ʥŮѾʧˣСʥŮΪԱò齨ԼʥŮվȽšǿߣѰҵģСʥŮ֮£ֻʥŮļ߼ۣһЩĽɫΪԼãϣԺǿԼµЩˣ͵Ǹڰɡ
ӣҵȥˡ
СʥŮܳȥ̫Σˡ
ǣҸΣա
СʥŮѾ಻סˣʱ򿿱˻翿ԼԼʥŮһ˿Ԫ˿ԪԼʵʥŮʧ֮ǰҲ˼ԼֻҪûһ磬СʥŮӦ
Щµ赲СʥŮֱӳ˱վڱƵλã󺰵ȻɱңΪλͷβġɡ
СʥŮ˼䣬ȴһ˻شʱ򣬱Ƶ֮⣬ӰСʥŮ£ȫս׼
ӣĻʱСʥŮѣɷҪģ
һ˵СʥŮһ˶һ㶣͵ǰųڱƵеˣʵ޳ӣѻôǣ
ʵСʥŮҲǶѧԺѧԴӼǰʥŮһ˿Ԫ󣬾һֱʥŮȥѧԺˣ޳ӸѻȻϤġ
ѵԼֵˣ޳ѽǣղŲͷβģΪʲôʱֹ߳ѵǾͲϢض½ĸɱСʥŮͷɲģʥŮǶ½ϵĴڣʥŮ˸µĴڣСʥŮʥŮļ̳ߣ㣬˭֪
ѻ˵СʥŮ鷳ˡ
ѻղŵˣǲǣ
ǣСʥŮãǵĻֱ߳𡣿ӣյǳǣ͵ˡ
ȻǸɵģáѧԺ޳ӣѻ
޳һ㶯ҲûУѻȴǺܲˬ˵㻹ԼʥŮ𣬾ȻҶ
˵ǣļʥŮڵʱ򣬶Ҫҵ
㡭
ѻȻ˼СʥŮǲ
޳ǰʵСʥŮ֪˼ʲôԸ
޳ӣղ͵Ϯң˸ҳ
͵Ϯ㣿ҿɡСʥŮεݣǳǣҲǸǳǳϻƽƽѽʲô˸͵ϮģҿЩˣӦöǱҧģɱġ
޳ӣ
СʥŮһŭ
󵨡
ѻҲһŭ𣬶ʱ޳˫һ䣬һ׹ͼСʥŮߵȫӲֱӵס
޳ӣ㷴㡣
СʥŮߵЩǱǰɲʥŮ޳Ҳû㣬ҷǾֻ·һ
ҵԼ棬ɱԼˣӣ޳߲ѽ
СʥŮֲɵϣȻ֪޳ӿסʱ֣ҲȻɺϣ޳ӸѻǶ½ĳԱǼ̳ˣҲǶ½壬ȻɻԼʥŮ̳ˣɱԼҲ֡
޳Ƕ½һеĵһǿߣʵԶԶСʥŮ֮ϣҪСʥŮĻСʥŮЩˣͱס
СʥŮʼ٣ʱ򣬲СʥŮ޳˫û뵽֮⣬ƵڣɻеˣҲǸղɱСʥŮ֮ˡ

Ӱ㣬˱Ƶĳ䣬һڴˡ
ô
ӷƵ⣬͸о˳Ϣ֪ڴ˴ֱӾ˹
˵СѾͷġ
ѾͷҼʲôˣ
½ʥŮСʥŮ
Ŷû뵽½Ȼ˸СʥŮţڶ½Ӧͦ߰ɡ
ҿɲһһҵ֪
ҾǸġһﵨӿ󣬸ղžȻвҡ
֪ˣļƻǷ˶԰ɡ
ô֪
ľظҵġ
ľأ㲻˵Ҹȥ𣡡
ûУǼһҲ֪Ķһ磬ѾǳǣҶ½˵ģѾͷСʥŮвˣǶ½һеĵһǿߣ޳ӣǳǵ̫һġ


2095 ƽʿ
½޳ӣ⻹ѽû뵽½Ȼֱʣ޳ӸʥŮСʥŮȫˣѵǾͲ£ˣȫزǳ𣡡
Ĵ½ǳǣǲμǳĴѧԺĴ䣬½֮˽һ£˭ֻ֪ӰˣĴ½Ŀģǻɱδͳߡ
Ĺв½֣δͳȻҲв½ˣҪɱδͳߣв½ӦǳϻᣬһδͳͻᱻϻĴ½ǿڳϻƤӵ»ɱδͳߣǼ޻صģĴ½쵼Щǿȫлᡣ
ȻôΣյ飬˵Ĵ½ܽΪǿһɹѽһǳǳ£ķʧɾʹˣ
ӷ֪Ĵ½Щ쵼ߣôɵⱾΨһĿǣСʥŮ޳ӣǱŶ½ʥŮܹģ޳ӸСʥŮ֮䣬Ͳһϵˣ޳һ֣ɱСʥŮˣǽҪʲôͺˡ
ΪֻǳŻֵڶ½Ҳ˵ǿҡСʥŮӦʥŮļ̳߰ɣ
ûǼ̳ߣͽԣСʥŮʵҲô޳ӣ˵ǳ½һļ̳ˣڷʧٺ޳ӾѾ˷֮ģӦǵ֪СʥŮǳǣŻģһҲҳδͳߣɾҪСʥŮɱǳǣһʥŮʧȥʥŮļ̳ˣһҲ⣬Ƕ½쵼ҲҪǻ˵ˡǶ½СʥŮǳǣծ½ȻǼǳǵͷϣ˭뵽޳ӵͷȥ飬Ҫ̫ĽͣӦġ
ȨӷȻǶĴڣ˭ȳӷ˽
Щľظ𣿡
ֻǸ޳ӸСʥŮǳǣԼ뵽ġ
ˣľصԸȻ֪ǳǣΪʲôԼ֣Ҫܹ
ǻľȻǿ˻Ǹһ硣ʱҲ֪ôһ磬Ѿǰ֮ˣٵõһһ磬ĸһǳǳϻκһˡ
Ǽһսթ㶼ܶһһ磬ҲóԾǸ᲻Ͼ̫һڿ϶ҲڴǸһ⣬ǳ̫һɱľҪϤĶࡣ
أѾ˲Сӣ޼ѧԺһȥһۣ뽫ڳɣҲһľصģľ޼ѧԺĴѧԺУ϶û֡
ӷЦһһ磬Ȱ񽣻ţ棬ľص治һĺáӷҲбһΪǿĻĹ֮ȽϣֻҪӷܼԦɫС棬»ľ֮ϰɣ
Ǹ޳ӣǸԵĻ콫ɡ
ŰɣкϷɿ
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޳ӣ㵨Ҳ̫˰ɣȻҶɱ֣Ͳ±ʥŮǰ֪𣿡
֪ˣҲǳǵͷϣ޳ʲôϵ
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˵ΪѾͷ˱ģ޳ȴǰŰɣֲҴ⣬ֱһˡ
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޳ӣپһΣ֣ͣȻԸ
СʥŮĲɡ
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СʥŮѾ޳ӱƵıԵʱ벻̫󣬴󺰵㣬ҡ
飬飬顭
СʥŮһȣͻȻǷƱɫֻһ޳ӵϡ
޳Ȼ󾪣ѻҲһѺ˵ⲻܣ
Ѿͷǿߣ
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СʥŮ˿ָ֮ܵ޳ӣ˵㣬ɱ
СʥŮƵȻһŮˣŮƽףֳֻƽ޽ǿޱȣòǣ
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Ҳѽʲôʱܵ½ʥŮȥˡңΪʲôǿ󣡡
ԣһ硣

ûһܿ϶һ磬ǴʥŮõģϻƽʿӷ磬һͬ磬ɱǺöˣ
ѹСʥŮܵǳԭһıڡѽҳӷţóŮˣȻ䵽˵ˣ
һƽףֳֻƽ޽⻹𣬵ȻλޣƼҴСˣ
ӦҲɣûôȥѾͷ
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޳ӿһƽ׵̣޷ƽȴҲǿò棬۵£ǰ֮Уֻзģֻһˣû뵽֮⣬ֳһһԼδŹ
Сմ
޳ӻ䣬еĻƽ޽ǰһᣬͻأһǿĽ⣬ӻƽ޽ϱ
ˡ
̽һ֣һ֣޳ٴαסˣȥֱ˵ѻǰѻסˡ
޳Ůǿޱȣˡ
û뵽Ѿͷǿߡӽɱˡߣǵ˵ҪС
СʥŮ޳Ӷܣɼˣʵ㣬Ϊʲôɱ
ϻƽδգ˵Ҫɱ㣬ΪʲôҪɱ
һʣСʥŮһ£˵ˣҪĶҲòģ
Ҳɱ㣬ҪĶ
㡭
ٷϻȻ˻ɱҪҶ֡Ҫ죬߰ɣľأһһ磬ծһֻġ
ӷ翴˳һۣʵľһһ磿
Ҳ֪û˵
ߣȥŮ˵ĶҲҪûȻ̫ˣ


2096 ȴһܣ
ľؼ޼ѧԺǸҴһ󱦣磬ǿ֪ǿѦңѦҲֻˣǻǾĵڶˣҲ˵Ѧ֮󣬸ûһľƥеģ͸˵żҸˣ
˵ĳǿߣأʲô취϶Ҫľ뵽ԼҲľصݸԼ֮ʱһ޷ݺ֣һľأϳӷǱߵļˣҾͽ»ָĻԻͣǳϻᣬҪһ£һԼңǽôĺǳǴô˺
ľȫ˺üȦӰҲû֮£Ҳֻǻصģҹ䣬ǳǵһŵĵطûС
ʱ򣬲ҵľأҽľظ˼ңҲڼ׼һУƣˣҪ͵ҹúýӴһľء
үүλǸոռ޼ѧԺͬѧľء
ظһܣ̸оľڵϢڲͬǿ󣬸һׯ԰ׯ԰һǿסΧĿҲ·ʼۣҵҲоһּѹѹһѴ
ѵĳľѹɫǳѿ˵˷ܣǿߣƣ˳ϻ֮⣬ҲֻһѦ֮ܽѹȥˣ
磬Ϸʵĺܣ
ľصͬʱҲľؽ΢һգϾԼˣɲǶԵУûҪɢơ
֪ľظͲĽɢװƵģһֱһںСڣһںС棬ͲɵľؿƣγɵԴԴϵġ
Ϊǿû뵽һҲȫЩҷϣ
Ĵ½ãľؾͶһ磬ȲʲôֶΣʲôеõģνǿߣпãҲһľͷ㣬ίˡǿߡһƺѽ
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ľؽһƳС棬ȫպãνƸ
ˣҹʲô£
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ʵ֮ǿȫǳ˳ϻ⣬Ҳһ֮ˡԸΪԸ޼ѧԺ޼ѧԺңҲҲҵҡ
֮ǰѾ˵ˣҼ޼ѧԺֻΪѡҵϴʲôע⣬ȰǻİɣҶȥ˵ע⡣
һ仰òүһӵһĳǿߣȥ˵⣬⻰͸ƵģΪڲǿӵһ磬Ǿ͵ӵһУʲôطһһĴڣĻҪȥ˵עѽ
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˵ܼ޼ѧԺȻǵңҲΪѧԺʲôȻѡʱ޼ѧԺǶȻ֪´ɣ
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ڴ˿̣֮⣬˺ľأҹ
顭
һɾֱӽҴŸ˿үһߺˣȻҴԼҡ

Ӱ˲ҿүһǳӷ裬Ҳͷ
СֵܣáϷǴλģȻѾˣǾһ𡭡
үӣҽ첻ġ
ӷһֱָľأʵǲ̵Ķ
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ľЦһҡͷ̾˵ӣô˲ˣ㿴үңٿߵС꣬ǸƯţ֮˭㼸һѽ͸ûϢģôã۷嶼û㻹˼˵ǳҵļ̳ˣҿ㲻ȥҿ鶹һͷˣﶪۡ
ӷɲᱻľֻľرӷȥģھĸӷ棬ӷҲὫ
û۷Σһôб£һңҹܲá
䣬ӷΪǿѪȫ֣һֻϳѪ棬Ѫֱӿľء
ɲϣľڳӷշѪʱѾʧûӰˣˣ϶ˣ˵໥֮˽⣬˭࣬ľ֪ӷΪǿӷҲ֪ľܿԼѪһųӰͬʱһ˲֮⡣
ܣ㻹ܻȥ𣡡
ȻҺȾƣֲܣǾͷɡ
λ֣
Ҫֹȴֹס˵²ùܣûҾƣ
УУ
õģ˾ǻһׯ԰ѡ

һׯ԰ѡӲѽ
ؼˣӷȹԼңľָռԼ޼ѧԺ˲ܴѽ
ǰǲ𣬻ȥȰȰɣ
ȰãҲȰסǼȴһġǻǹ˺ԼɣΪ裬׼ڹˣ


2097 ۷壡
ڳӷ磬ľؿ˽ĺܣ³ӷΪ۷嶼ûȴһһ⣬֤漣£ӷɵ̫ˣľҲ̫ˣԣľؾԲǰСӳӷ磬ľԼ˵Сӳӷˣûһк³ġ
˵֮ǰС֣ɱһӵһİ񽣣ô죬Ҳ
ľ֪黹治٣֪½ǱЩʲôˣǳߵҲ֪ӣһĴ½ҲһζȥˣЩ¡
˵ʵһ磬ӷ綼Ҫеٽȥԣһһ磬ǳӷһնûСǣľʱӷҲδйãĴ򲻹Ҳһοľʱ֣ԭһﲻһɺϵķʽڳӷǰԸ˵֪ӷǳǣܹ֣Ȼ֪ӷ鷳ŻϹġ
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ľؽȫںϽС棬ٶҪȡӷһӷΣգڵĳ費һҲô˵Ҳһ磬ҪľصƴĻܹϼʮеģҿŶ͸һûµ˰㡣
ľںϵͬʱ˫ִһӡٶ֮죬֮ǿΧĿռڣеһУڣһ𣬶Ŀռһ޴а㣬ľصĿ֮ڣʼתУеķӡһǿĺڹ⣬ǺڰԪأľһǿĺڰԪأڹ⣬ʼ㼯γһ޴ޱȵĺڹ
ڹУŵĵףգ֮γ֮һ죬ϳһѺۣңҲʱ򣬴Ѻӿׯ԰
ǰľǾԲӵеģӣһǲͬ죬Ȼ˶̵ʱڣľرǿ
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ӷ类ΧţľصѹţҪǼǲܵ飬ӷҲû˿ŵɫͷ磬֣أţҪλǿҵѪ⣬Ѿεսףʱ˳ӷϣһѪɫŷƤ¿㣬ЬУ汦仯ȨҲѾ֣ɳӷȫų޴Ѫ⣬ӷǳȨȵ΢΢һȨϵ汦Ѫɣһ֣ӱϳ֣ӷ纰ңҲκҲɡ¡
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ʱ䣬ָУȫɢȥׯ԰ָ𶯡
ľǰĺڹڳӷ˶ռ󣬿ʼӷϷʼתͬʱںڹڵĵһһڹ򣬳ӷ˹ȥ
ӷһ̤أȨһ٣ͷһΣϺܶಿλΪѪ棬ѪٵĴӳӷתƵ˵ϣٿٳľȥ
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ӷһ߿ѪԪأһߵֵźڹڵĽܿ죬ӷͽһеķȫľصĹһһĴԼϡ
飬飬飡
һĵľԼˣľĺܣڳӷϣҲǽӷˣð̣·ûӷ˺
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ҹУҲѾۼ˺ƣеĵγȫ˺ڹڣĺڹ̼䣬ٴ˺üЩȫۼ˳ӷϡ
ӷ˿̽ڵһ㣬ҽеȫԼС濿
ľصӷĳʱӷȻеĽеѨһ͵Ǵһֵˮբţĺˮȫӷӿ
ʱ˿̣ӷ壬·𸽼˺üأЩأڳӷڷضʱΪһ壬ڷֿʱһƬʱʮǧЩȴһ̣ȫӿ뵽˳ӷСǰԭƽ޳ĽɫС棬һҷʽеҽɫӣ
һ̣ɲҿڵĳ裬һںһҾƣ֮Уһ֣ڳвͣתţ
үȫ˵ǽߣųһһѪɫǡһһ硣
ڤ磡
轫ڤǰһڤʱʧڿ֮ڣ棬ӷǰұǿЩȫӷӿȥ
ү֪⾿ôһ£˴ţôһˣ軹һһȥĳӷ硣
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ӰһҲѾˣľվһͬʱӡ
ֱӹС棡
ôǽɫģ
Ĺ֮ںˡ
ʲôĹ֮ѹСǿӲԭǻĹ֮ĹϵӣɱǺöˣ
ȱ˵ЩղŵĹѾԭ޷ԦĽɫСеҵȫںΪԼͬʱɫС棬ĽɫСӱУ֮ϾҪ۷ľˣ
ʲô쵰ȻҵΪ
ȻΪɵϵڰ죬һ綯ҵĽɫС棬ٽҵȫΪãԴһֻҪ۷壬ںˡ
ľأΪһһһ磬ֻǽ۷壬һҲͲˡ
޳ܵļһô۷壬ǲëѽ㣡
ٷϻѾ޷ˣҪӲյĻҵĽɫС汬Ĺ֮Իһ硣
үģвӣ
вˣӲǿԼŰɡ
˵㻹ǰ˵İɣҹ֪һǳǣѾڴעˡӷǲ̫ͬߣ޷ȥҪͨȥĻʱ̫ãַΨһĽݾ
۷壬ҿаٺһġ쵰ܿ۷壬۷壬ں磬񲻱ǰˡ
ԼŰɡҪ㣬Ĺ֮һҲǵֵסġǸӣͬǸӣҪܾˣԻĹ֮һĻСҲܵ˺ܵ˺ֻڴϣ׸ˡ
ľںΣû·ˣ㲻ӷҲİ˵ܾ˵³
ҲʮˣҲںһءӷ磬Ӽס죬Ƿӵġ
ٷϻȶ̵磬ֻǻַʽõؿ۰ˣû˭Ƿ˭֮˵


2098 ǿޱ
۷壬Ҳ϶ھ죬Դߵ߾硣Ⱦ֮󣬿ѾɲκˣֻԪصоʵ
Ĵ½۷ǿ߿˵һץһѣȾ磬ռǱ߾񻰵ĴڣǴ˵еĴڣɵռ䣬ͲǼϡ£Ψǿ磬õġ
ӷǳֵǷ꣬ɱ˰񽣵֮Ȼ۷ҲûڲүֱǸ漣޷ȥ漣ҲһʮĴڣ
ڣӷ֪ľضһ磬һǴ϶ģóӷһƣȻľһ磬ΪβһȫһԼΪҲֻҪľˣܰﵽԼһ㹻ˣԼʱΣ֪ϵˣҲֻһ·ߵס
ֻΪľָ˵ָʲôģӷûй򣬼Ȼ綼ѾˣľصҪǾԲܵģľһôˣӷ˭Ҫ
ȻѾҪˣβľظԼһؿۣڵԼһѡ
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ڲҿڵĲأһ߳Ѿĵز˵ׯ԰֮ڣһǿסǳǵҹգһǿϼ⣬ϼĳ֣ǳɾ۷һԤף˭һ۷ľ磬ġ
ֵϼ⣬ǳǵϿǻڲϳǳ֮ȥ֮䣬в½ҹգһǿϼ⣬ϼɣ·մء
ϻᣬԪڴΧʮҲȫڴϼĳ֣Щȫˡ
ϼԪȻۣ޷Լĸо㣬ϼлޱǿҵɱ⣬ҪɱؼһеƵġ
ʲô£
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ϵʮˣҲȫ˳ÿһ˵˫ۣǳҹգ飬ǲû˵ϼ⣬Ҳ֪ôģ޷ǣͻϵڰ죬Ҫ۷徳ˣЩ˵ûʲôģϾ飬ʵ̫ˡ
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ȫһƬʱеˣȫϼˣĴ½ˣȥԼ۾
ǿϼ⣬˽۷𣿡
ǧ㳤ϺǻɣѵͲڽǷʲô顣
Ԫ˵һڽ۷û˵Ǳİ򴨻᳤ȫǷΧϼ⣬ڵϼ鲼в½ѵǡ
Ԫһͬ뷨Ҳ٣Щ֮⣬ȫǸĴ½ҲԤеʲôÿһ˵飬ޱȵļ
ѵδͳ߳ˣ
ѽЩΪδͳ֮⣬ӵǿƣŽ۷壬ӵǿˣ
ȻԪȻ֪뵱ӷΪԴߵʱյ֮ԴͱһԴҪ߳˲ż֮Դʱ䣬ӷȴʮСʱ֪ӷ籾ǱҪͨԴǿ
ڣӷڽ۷ľ磬ںĴ½ԭͲǼϡµ£ӷһȴǳǵľ˷Ҳкܶˣǵ
ϲ飬ʲôڽ
Ԫһ£δͳڽھͷǳΣգĴ½ˣѦЩˣһδͳߣǻôʲôԪҲס
᳤ڻڽУϼв½ʱǸͲ鲻ʲôλѽ
ʲôطɢΪǿ󣿡
ȫǣȫÿһطв½ֻҪǱϼ֮أʮӴ˵Щ޷ǻݲݵģȫѾزˣ
ã᳤ڿʼۣʱ俪ʼֹͣռ俪ʼŤͲǽ۷ѽǻ᳤Ҳˡ
ԪʱѾͷ󺹣⻹ǽ۷ѾģôʮһҪǿһǻˣġ
ϻгƱҪֹϼıըв½ݲ
᳤֪ͨǣǷɢأһֹϼⱬը
Ҫ֪ͨȫǣҪȫеȥֹⶨδͳѾˣֻҪֹϼıըδͳߵΪ۷壬в½Ͱȫˣ
һ۷ѣ⻹ûںأȻôĶѾǳӷЩĽµˣ⻹лĹ֮
ɫСѾˣӷоԼȫԦɫС棬ľظڵĲôҲڰԼ˵Ǿͽϵϼⱬըһϼⱬըͽ鲼в½ǾԪ˵ϼⱬը֮أǧ֮ڣݲġ
ʱѾסˣڤ磬ѾӷĽɫС˹ȥͬʱڵأǿѹס
ľһ˵ֵסӷһӣ˲ҿڣһ磬ҵĿ
Сǲǳΰˣôǿ󣡡
ӷԼҲû뵽۷壬ȻǿֵزⲻԼǰЩɵģǼ˲ô۵Ҳ˱̬ɡ
ڵĽɫС棬ǹңտ˹Ƶķڣ磬ҲȫʼǿĻĹ֮ȫӷڣǿԭ
ôѽԼƲס
ӷһô۵ĻӰͬʱ˳ӷϿգ⣬ѾĹâȫѹѪԪصѪ⣬ҲѾһ˿ˣľظ۾ǿҵĽĶϹˡ
ӷ磬ӿ
ľʱҪƳһ磬ȥԼò׵һ磬ǱӷĽɫС߲ɣľô壬ӷסˣʲôɲˡ
ӷҲѾоĹ֮ȫľظסľھͬϵ㣬Լȥ׸
ľأҽģû뵽ȻѾˣҸҲ̫Բˡ
ӷ磬쵰ʲô
⻹б˲ռǸ˵һҲǴӱǶģ͵Ǹμ°ɣһ磬ҾͺĽˣ


2099 Ĺ֮
ɫСг˳ӷϣĹ֮ȫ˳ʹв½ϼţۿҪϼⱬըˣһըв½ΪһƬݲԵķҲֻЩǿߣǵΪסв½ΪһƬ֮أҲȥˣԣǳǵˣֻҪһģԵɢֹϼıը
ͬʱڲׯ԰֮ڣѾ˲ҿүвҵˣһǿѹסڵѾľصˣڳӷġ
û뵽⻹ûȫ۷壬ӷѾɢǿˣǿ֪ġһ۷壬ǳӷֽȵоǣԭβŰӷľأҲѾΣΣΣһʧ
òǿߣһ磬һǴǱģأųӷ罫ڤ˹ȥľصһ綼Ѿסˡ
ӷ磬쵰ӺİȻˣ
ľСɲܹѽô֪Ĺ֮ȻǿȫҲһѹûˣʮֵɡҵСڣȴԵĿտҲĹ֮ˣҪԵ㶫֮ǰҳļҳҲҸǰĵӣһѧҸ׵ǰҪ㶫Ҳְɡ
ӷڲò˵еˣֵֹ飬ӷҲ٣ӲôһΣľصĶһ磬һôеѽ
ʦǵʦ㡣ӵĶȫǵʦģûһСӵġӿɾ㣬Ҷӵ磬Ӹûꡣ
ʵڱǸںѾû˵ʸˡȻˣΪҵĻĹ֮⣬ȫֹҶȡ硣ûǱ£ͱҳӷ粻ˡ
ӷĴЦͬʱ𺰵Сӣ㻹ʲôϾҪɹˣᣬȫɱԼҪɵĶѽ
ѽҪԼ磬ԼҪأʲô͵һ磬ǿߵĺĴ½ϣӷеˣ
Сӣ͸߹㣬Ĺ֮һãֻкôġܸ˰ɡ̽չֱĽɫС棬ĻĹ֮
һ֮⣬ҲȫɫС档ڻĹ֮ԽȥĹ֮ԭˡס᲻࣬ɲұ֤Ĺ֮Ļỹ᲻УʲôʱС
ӷ˲˵˼һʮѵõĻᣬĹ֮֮ΪӷãΪѾһ򣬳ӷͲܳܵסءҪĹ֮ӳԭóӷȫסҪԳӷܹ֮ܵ£ȥЩһõĻᣬӷܴ
ľأҲĸϻˡһ磬ҳ
ӷ絥һ죬ǿĽ⣬ӳӷľأգ֮䣬ľصؿھͳ
Ļ쵰Ӹûꡣ
㼱ģҲǸ֮֮⣬㻹ǿԴӱ˵ЩģʧҲʲô¡
ӷһֻӣһ磬ȫӷյУ
ӷûа̵ͣ٣һֻϵȨһӣֱӽľشԼѹи𿪣ҽһ磬ȫ˽ɫСڡ
ɫС汾ͽڤ˽ȥľһ磬Ҳ˵ӷһʱ֮䣬ĸһˣĸһ磬ԸϻһϿˣǲһ㣬ҲͲôһӷδ磬δ۷ʱܻɱ񽣣ھԻɱϻκһϡ
СӣϽջأɫСֹͣ
ô۵ĻӰڳӷϷʧڲڵǣҲųӷ磬ɫСֹͣС
ɫСĸһ磬ѾЩĳˣһһĵذ㣬ĽڣһҲڷڣԭӵеЩĸһȫɢΪĸλ򣬾ĸλмλãĵ⣬ĸλһеСС磬Ҳһ⣬ӵĸһ֮ϡ
ɫС棬ڷ·ͳΪһȫһһɫӣҲǿʮɫС棬Ҳʮʮ
ӷȫɣֱʣʵĽ⣬еϼںΪһ壬һͨ㣬ؼҲΪӷͨ죬ʹȫˣϼԭ򣬺ܶˣҲѾ߸˹
ӷоǿۼʱ򣬿ɲǷϼԼΪǶԼһôûУ۲ҡ
ߡ
һطǴȫǵ˵תֻҪκһ׷ϣȽɹûˡ
ӷ𣬲˿ѹģֻǴŽȥ
ľŭˣûһ磬ܸϳӷ磬ɢˣľز߶ʮһֱ׷ȥ
Ԫ᳤Ƕˣ
żҵ·Ԫ˻غϵһ
һδͳ߳ˡ׷ǽλá
Ԫ᳤ڽ֮˺ƵģǸڲͣƶλá
ܲôˣܵʲôطǾҪ׷ʲôطԲĴ½˵֡
ͬʱ޳ӣСʥŮ½ҲѾƶλ׷ȥʱ˿̣һ˸ҷԼٶȣĻҲѾغ̫һ׷ȥ
ӷתͷȥ׷Լʹĳӷеͷʹ
ЩһﶨΪδͳߣ׷ġ
СӣθĶʵ̫ˣŲˣֻҪв½ˣȫϹġ
˵һҲʱǳĶһµŮˣѾǳǸ˹ǳ֮ʱһˣѾվˣ˾Ѳӵľˡ
ˣʱ¸ȥ㡣
˵ôˣϽǣأ½֮䣬ܸ÷ˡ
ˣ֮Ǹʲô
ɱǽ֮ˡ
ʲôǿδͳѽ
ǲǡ
ǣˣô
ôֻܸ࣬㣬δͳߣͱǸסˣв½ˣȴܳǳǡ
һδͳߣͱŮ˸סˣ⻰ʲô˼ڿû֪δͳݵģ£ŮܿסδͳߣңĹɲųֲѽŮٶô֮졣
һ¡
ղ˵δͳǱǡƣ˼ǲ˵Ů˻ͬ
˲̫࣬ʱֻһڲźŮ˽ǣҵǽ֮ˡ


2100 Ұս
ʱȫŽƶķ׷ȥʱ򣬿ҲֻвүҲûӦϾۼӷ̵ģδȫɹѾӵǿޱȵңĸһ磬Լ޼ѧԺò׼һǿߣһӵһǿߣȴΪ˼£һ磬ȫӷ˹ȥʹĲүΣڣҲεʱ
أСֵܳʲôȥˣ
·ʶʲôƶķԵļΪš
үүǱߺǣѽ

ǲǳӷһˣȫǵˣĴ½ˣȫ˹ȥ
ãҲլҪһʱܳأʱ˴ŵĻǻ޷˺ģ
ǷӦ˹ɾأ֪ȻԼׯ԰Ǳŵ˲լڽǱߡ
үүôܽһ˷ŵլȥеȫլķ׷ȥˣôˣôǿӰġ
ϸϹȥһҪڳСֵܸ֮ǰӳҪˡ
˿ĵˣլǱ߷ȥ
ͬʱӷѾǳǽһֱʣеϼΪһ壬棬ССҲѾӷ֮ظ˹
ڳӷͷ£ͬʱ޴ĽȦ²ͣƶţǰһģ
ƶĽȦڳӷı󣬻ʮ⣬Щͬȸ㣬һӽһ㣬һҪһǿ󣬸Ű׵ķΧ
Ȧƶһλú󣬽һ漴ȦʧӷȴʱΪһƬƬƣٻΪΧʮﷶΧڣȫŨŨ֮УӷĽҲѾջڣڽɫСٶҲѾָɫС治⣬ǽɣһտ˵Ŀˮϵķţ
ӷ֪ԼѾȫɹȫޱȵǿ󣬼ϻĹ֮ĸһ磬ӷ˻ص
͵һеϼӿв½ϼⶼڿٵƶһӰ㣬һޱȾ޴ϼĹʹв½Ѿ΢΢𶯡
ãϼҪըˣ
Ԫ˸ͽеϼⷢͻ䣬ȫӿͬˮޣ޷ȥֹ޷ȥֵ
ˣҵ֮ˡѾɹһڵϵϼͽ̱ըв½֮ΪһƬ֮أ
δͳ߹Ȼǿޱȣǽһ۷徳磬֮𶯣պǿһôĴڡ
ǰĲһôĴڣδͳ߾һôĴڡֻϧѽˣûһǼģҲ֪ǿһôĵز
ɲΣǰϾǰȥѾȥˣδص㡣
в½ΪδͳߵưģϻΪ˴룬ǾԲδͳܵ˿˺ġ
ѦǼ棬ѾʶǿˣֲԼģȻˣǾͲԶ½֮ҲԸһδͳ֮£һҵᣬͻδͳɱ֡
Ĵ½ҲѦһ뷨ʱ˿̣˭ֹܵ˳ϻԪ˵ĻδͳߣȥģܸκδۣҲҪĨɱ
гڿ֮һԪҵδͳߣ붯־ͲˡǱԪ֮ǰҵδͳߣĨɱ
Ѧ˵ڸô
壬Ϊɰ˸δͳߣķҵҪһд۽Ĩɱ
ãǾͲҪʱˣȥҡ
ѦҷΪ˸򣬸ͲˣȥѰδͳߵλá
ͬʱ֮УӰ֣ԪʮȻ̧ͷӰȻǿϼ֮ްѹķУɼ˵ʵȻţѽҲԲԼǳ֮ˡ

һŮ˵ĴЦдԪ´󾪣ʵ֮ǿԼϻκһƥˡ
ºη
Ԫʵ
㣬ǳǳϻγϣԪꣿ
Ǳ
Ǻãǿˣ֮£ǳϻ޹ء
Цδͳ߼ȻѾ֣Ǿǳϻ£˵ҵ޹ء
ѵǲ𣿡
ȻʵǿɾƾһˣҲ޻صİɡ
Ů˴Цһ˵޻أЦѵЩˣȰҪǿ𣿡
Ů˴˻һνǾϻ
Ȱ򴨻ǿ֮⣬ѵŮ˽й򴨻᳤ɡ
Ҿǣ򴨣ҲҪԹԵĸߣ½ǿߣҵǰһЩϵʵʲô
ʲô
ǿߣȫԹԵĸߣ
ڿɲǳϻˣĴ½Ů˵ĻǴΪԾѵǿߵʧ٣ǸŮйأⲻѽŮ˵ʵǿҲֻǳǳϻκһƥУ»ԪĶְɣǿ߸ߣ⵽ôһ¡
µʲôˣ
ʲôǲҪֻ֪Ҫˣ죬ܻҾҪѪϴǳǣв½ģĴ½ģǳߣһͳͳɱ⡣
Ů˿治һĴѽʵȶĿȴ֪ȶҪ϶ٱŮˣûǿƵĺ̨ǾԲ˵ֻģ
ˣǷϻʲôְɡ
˲ûϼ·екŮ˰ʱʸûС
סҵĿģҪɱǡ
Ů˵ĿĵʲôҪɱǣֻҪ½֮䲻ƽʵ½֮ûкƽǶһٵģ
һΣˣǲˣ
Ů˶˺ɻ䣬ͷ֣Ѿˣҵ˽ߵȷλúŮ˴ŭڵϢʱΧϼڣһӣѦңżңҡһǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
Ԫ˼ŮѾɱ⣬ҪɱԼǳǵˣϹȥֹ
ӷѾȫɹȫǿޱȣ۷壬ĸһ磬Ĺ֮ں˵ĽɫС棬˵ҪҪں绹ҪƻһԼĽֱӾС棬ҪģȫСУнɫС滤ţֻҪӷ粻Ͳᱻκ˷֡
յ۷徳磬ĸһ磬ȻҪһµˣڴ˿̣ӷ˷ĻǳӷĵˣѦҵȫϵˡ
ʱ򣬽ҪǺÿ
ӷ絥һӣȨзѪ⣬ɲȳӷ֣桰¡һʮѺۣǿӵӿ˳
ǡҵġô


2101 δͳ
в½ϼ⣬ųӷĽɹѾӿ飬ȫӷڵλöһӣһľĲɫܼΪһ壬·γһƬ磬ƬһѿǽɽӾѣؿή겻ɢв½ͽһƬûκĻ֮أƵ֮£Ҳᷢת䣡ûκεеֻǺ䣬в½ͱȱ½Ӵں֮ˣԵһУ겻ӻٴܱɱʱ
ʱ򣬾ӷԼ֪ôܽϼɢȥ͸˵ˡ
ڣʱ򣬳ӷоһǿӵӷҲѾǵһμˣڲʱѾֹ
ѵǲҵ
ôӦڲ
ӷе棬᲻ҹ⽫ڴ˵صģô˵ڣҵҲδֹӦڵɣĹУݱκ˴š
еϼ⣬ȫۼڳӷλڵϷһɫ޻ǣϷ޴ϼ⣬Ȼڸʼںϡ
ӷͲ֪⵽ôһ£Լʱϼ⣬һֹУڴ˿̣ѦҵصĺŮˣϻˣȫеǿߣȫѾϵ
Щ˸һһ۾Ϳ˳ӷ磬ɲһ뵽ղŵĽӷйصģô˵ǿЩ˿δͳ⣬Ĵ½еڶˡ
ӷҲûжҲ֪ЩһﶼЩʲôԼʱģЩ˶˵ļæԼҲûһ֤ǲΪԼҲûɵԼȥ
Ȼû˻ԼӷȻұ¶еպãɫС棬ӷȫԦסֹͣУоʮ
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˵˫ۣȫŸԵͷǵϼ󣬾ȻϼںΪһ壬һ𽥵ϼ⡣
ţһҲ̫ţ˰ɣȻǿϼ⣬ɣⶨδͳˣⲻڣ˳ӷ֮⣬һ֪⡰δͳߡݡ
ô£ҽʱϼ⣬Ϊʲôҵգ
ӷԺʵ⣬ֻвô۲ܻشԼˡ
СӣˣÿһߣǲԴߣֻҪΪҲġ۷壬ϼ⣬͵һƻԵǲҵǿάģԽ󣬶ԽҲʲô͵ģյ
Լʱϼ⣬ҲһѹϼˣԭǱϼסġ
ô˵ˣΪʱϼ⣬ǴлĹ֮ģҲǿԭҵԭֻʮһеϼȫյ֮ҲӣٿԻ꣡
ʲô
꣡
ÿǧųһε񣬽ʮʮ꣬Ҫǧʱ䣬ֻҲǲûҪԭ򡣿һεܻĻǾ͵ڸҴĻԻѽ
˵ˡΪϼڲͬģǿͬʱҲϢڡҵһеϼȫյͻٶԲиУһѪƵĸ顣֮ҵ񣬽Ϊá
ҵ񣬽Ϊӷã
¿ţˣ治һĺã۷壬ľص磬ҵҲΪԼˣңϷϼ⣬𽥵ıɣҲ𽥵ļеȫڡ
壬𽥴ϼֳˣҲһ׼ıɱĻɱûһŵġ
үľأг裬ȫ˹
ǺŮˣľˣҲڿһĻķȻϼⱻˣˣڲ֪˿ղŽˣϼˡ
ɵȫʱӷ绹Χļˣһʱ䣬ȫɵۡ
һŮˣӦ˵һŮҲʮ߰ӣûֳŮ˵θʣȴúܶ˶Ծ
ŮУ˵ǾһòʱɵĴ󾪣˵⣬ôܣ
ӷ˲Լ۾ţ۵·һź룬ǡ
ͬʱҲϳ壬Ԫ죬Ȼл룬ˮ¸꣬ȫÿһ˶ӷһġ
δͳߣ
ӷȻǰҪȥȴû顣
ӷ಻δͳ߻ʱ֣ô˵֣Լûۻ񣬵ĵȷȷԼںĹĵδͳߵĵ񣬸񳤵һģһҲûС
Ů˵ⲻܣδͳô
ںŮ˵Ѿδͳ߸סˣҲô֪δͳߵݵģȻ˵δͳǾ˵֮ˣ񳤵һģ
ʱ򻹽۾ûڸյҲǳӷʱϼ⻹ûȫ
뺰Ǿδͳߣ
ļһ
ŷһ뵽ûӵѽûĴ½ˣѦ𣬾δͳߵĻʱҲ˵ѽôһ˵ɾ鷳ˣ
ӷҪȥֹ룬ѾˣԪǣĴ½ˣѦǣһȫ˻һ󺰡
Ȼδͳߣ
Ҳ֪Ĵһ½ȫһдңɱδͳߡ
ϲ½ɱδͳߡ
½ɱδͳߡ
½ȫɱδͳߡ
Ԫһǿŭбڣ˭Ҷв½δͳߡ
ʱ֮䣬⼸ȫӿ˳ɲүȴǴסˡ
үүûɡ˵δͳߣ
ôҲҵôܻδͳߡÿһ񣬶ǳһģδͳѽ
үүڸô죿
ǲδͳߣǲҵϣҪһеȫ
ϳǼѾ˳ӷߣԪʵֵܣΪʲô
֪ôδͳ߳һģһ
ҵ񣿡
ûڱЩǱҪ
Цɣôˣô
ڵѾڲˣʵղŽ֮ңҵѾΪҵˡ
ЦİɣղŸô󶯾˾Ȼ㣡
ôˣȥ񣡡


2102 
⻹ǳ˵ѽǧһεȻδͳߣ̫ѽΪÿһγֵ񣬿˵Ϊͬһˣһ˵˵ÿʮͻ˯ǧٳ֣δͳߣΪʲôǰ񣬶ڳֵģ
ɼȻʵѾˣӷҲܸĹеھڵĵ񣬳ӷǵĺ۾ǵ룬ǳӷ粻ǵģǺĹ⣬δͳ߾϶£˿ٵġ
ӷһֱҵδͳûһڵһ뽫δͳ߿ԼȻѾΪԼˣǶڳӷӦǼ²ŶԡӷڴĿɲڣδͳ߿Գ֣ݱҪܣȫ¶֪ӷ£ңѧԺҲΪԭ
񣬱ôһ㣬ʹǳڵˣȫ֪δͳߵݣ˶֪˵飬ǾͲǸֵùעĵˣرǳϻǱߣһ뾡һа취δͳǳϻģδͳԼͬ⣬Ҫӷ磬ʣϻôһӷΪδͳߵϴѽǾԲܵģǳϻҲôӡ
˵ѦѾ˾ֻҪδͳ߲ǼˣǾƱزģϴڶĽУ̫һҲѾ˺ݻԣѦңȻ뾡һа취ܲĴ½ȥδͳ߸ɱôӷһ֮⣬ӵĸһ磬ܼԦ˽ɫС棬Ҳܸôѽ
ڲҷ棬δͳ񣬶ǲ˵ҲһǼ£³ϻΪĹϵԲҸչˣأǻչ˲𣿲ᣬѲҵһصĶӷһصĶ
֮ܶδͳߵʱ֣ʱй¶Ǽʮͷʹ顣
Ȼûȥճӷϼ⣬Ǿ˸ˣڳӷ˵Ҳʲôʧ͵һͳûֹɣĹûֹɣ½֮䣬£ΪӷҲ־֮£ԼһƬ죬ǰڽɽ
ѾˣͲˣӷڲҪ񣬶һҪܲܵѹԼ׽ԼʲôҲûɣԵԼ̫ˣ̫ˣʣպ󣬻˭ҸԼȥ£
ϳѾȥԪҲϻҹգЩɱԿ
ڣĴ½쵼ûǳǣҲֻǸ½ʥŮСʥŮˣκãЩˣһĿĵ̣ˣȫǱϻɱĻɫ
ӷ˿̲ܴͷ󣬲ȥͷгϻǶţԼĸƨѽ
ɺܶ飬еô򵥣ӷ뵽ϻᣬʱҲʼ˼ƵĲѦǣҲĴ½ͻȻֵĺŮˡ
Ԫ꣬ҪѾͷңǰǵȫ¡
·Ů˵һӣгһԲ䵶䵶򣬵ɱָ֮ͳͳɱգ֮䣬ȫɱˡ
ѦԪԱһŮ̫ǿӵһѽ̼ɱʮǿߣ˭ҪǸϣԿģֱ
ǳǣŮ˶ԿģҲһԪˣԪҲɻ䣬ղźŮ˵򴨣ҪԹԸߣҲŮ˵ݣð򴨹ԹԸߣǵ֮һǳǸ˳ôֻ᲻Σա
ȴҳϻ᳤ɱδͳߣǺξģ
߳ϻ᳤⼸֣ܶȫ˳Զ
½𣿾һͳߣͳεģҲ½ѣ£֮С
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󻰣Ǵ𣬵½ΪǴ󻰣ǺŮ˵Ǵ󻰣ʵԪʮ
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Ů׿ڳϣҲҪκε½У֪⾿һʲôط
֮ǰ˸ʲôҲԺģǶһİɣ

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Ů˿һ˵ȻѾͷ⣬ǾͲʹ˰ݡ죬ҪѾͷߡ
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Ů˴˻һӷڵĲɾ̲סˣ˵СӣŮˣǿߵˡ
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ӷ绯Ϊһ⣬ϣԪ껹δöҪŮ˶ʱӷ󺰵Ԫ᳤Ȼ㲻һսǾɡ


2103 ҹ棡
˿̵δѹǿȴ¶ţǿһһˣӷԾ֮࣬Ҳ룬˵ȱǴģ
ǰ춫ǰʱѾ˵ǳǲž֮ĸ½ͬǿıôѾļ᲻ҲӵأֽһôĴڣ
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ӷԪҲһСӣӻ治һĴûŮ˵򴨣ҪԹԸ˼ҵʵԼλ᳤׶֣Сȴ֪ߵغ
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ںŮ˵ͻһ󣬺ڰ֮УһֳĺӰһо޴ĺɫ꣬ںڰĺϿƶҹвκεǹ⣬˵¹ˣ˫ɫ˫ۣɺڰ£ʱڰҹգ󣬾ȻΪһ壬̼䣬˿
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ûԪأڰԪظԪأԪؽΪһʹãԭҪǿü
̫һΪϣֻһһ߱Ԫأû뵽죬ŮˣȻҲӵԪأʮֺģ
е˼Ԫء˵ŮˣΪλ˼ҶǸһͱģѵȶļӻ𣿡
Ů˵ʲô޵Ůսҹ棡


2104 һս
޵иѽȫŮ𣿻ȫŮˣʲôֲȡȡʲôѽûĻǿ£
ȻŮ˵ȥͦġ
Ůսҹ棬ΰ㣬ҹߣڰеսʿͬ࣡ӣЩЩУ޹ģû֣֮еֻʵĲͬ˭ǿ˭ǿߣ
ʱ򣬳ӷʱ˵Ǿ仰ԭΪһأκҰġԹŶģಢСĻ﷫ȥӴ˺Ĳ㣡
ı˼ͣ⺣ЩǿߣԭҲ½ϵģȴǰĴڣҲǺĳʼʱĴڡʱ֮䲢ƽ໥֮չĴս岻Уֻ﷫ȥ
£ʱռ½壬ȴս˥䣬ǿһһǵʱЩ﷫壬µţҲһǿһЩǿѾԶԶ½֮ˣ⣬嵱УҲ˵ڵʱ½ϣҲкܶǿ߶ĴѹģǸͬȥȥֽ޹ľƣ
ҹ棬һλŮսҲս㹻ʵҪԼĻǾԲܵġһǳǣǾ˵ûǳǵǿ߷ټͬǿߣˣڿӦǴȥˣǲСӵģǿ߾ˣżĿԣ
ֻҪܽҹ£սԼʲôǿߣǷҲں⣬ЩܴҹĿе֪
ǣҪҹ棬ҲǼ׵飬ӷȻѾ۷ľ磬ӵĸһ磬ҹһȳӷҪ࣬Ҫ࣬ϺǿǿߵĿ£Դ¾Բڲ֮¡
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ʱӷ粻ỹû־Ҳô۰æ첻ͬǿߵ£ӷɲҪһе׼
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ӷûԥһֱӳҹ˹ȥ
ղҹȶ֣ڣҲֵӷˡ

һУӷʩչ˲ǿޱȵѪɣɫС滹δУӷ̽һҹֶΡ
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ҹ˫жӰ˳ӷ֮ƣȫɵһû뵽һ֮ȻӵǿԴڲͬԵǳһУҹܣ
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ܿϧӷԲκλģĹ֮һǿ󣬾һǿҲضһ£


2105 ̯ƣ
ɫСһУһֳӷ벻ٶתǰתٶҪϺüٱǧɫСڣЩȫΪɫҲͬһʱת
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˵Ԫ꣬⸽ˣûע⣬ֽ⣬Ǵ巢ģͨ;ġĻƳһľظ裬ûκ˻뵽ӷϣ̣Ҳ֪Ĺ֮һôĴڣϾ磬ֲľظǰ㣬ǻǧ꣬Ǿεת˵֪ռ飬Ĺ֮ھڤʱѾˣ
ҹ֮ǰԲѵ˵һ磬Ҫӷ磬Ѿںһ磬һֵס⣬Ͳţӷǿ˵زһ綼ֵסĻǾ˵ӷ⣬źܴ⡣
Сӣӣ㲢ͨˣңҲҪʩչˣ
ҹеǲһָϿգ鼸׵磬ȫǲ֣ɫ˿ҲѾǲһ֮⣬ʱǿ󣬱֮ǰӴ󣬺ڰԪأȫۼ·ҹգΪãκȥַҲκȥ¡
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ʱ֮䣬ǳǣһĺڱţӷɽ⣬ȴһĴҹɵĺڱͣҹӿȥ֮ͬߵĺˣһꡣ
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ҹͻȻ˲ţʹĲٷ֮ٿ϶ҹ棬ǿߵˡ
û뵽ǰ֪飬֪ˣǸǿߣԺǿߣҲ˼򵥣ܴ߰ǣ껹ô۵õ۹һֹһĴ½ռ䣬ڡ

ͻأ˳ӷϷһӰȴѾȫ¶
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ͷֱָۣҹ棬Ŭʵ˵Ǹǿߣʲôˣ
֪Ҽ˵ݣ㵱걻ҼɱһжӲס㾭ʱ䣬ͬûʸ֪
ڱǰҲҷɱ
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㲻ǰŪ㡣
ҹԼĶ֣ڲһص˺ռ䣬ģԼ̻ȥ¸Լˡ
Ȳˡҵţ֮Ҽһʰġ
ȻˣѵܲɡԪȫųץ


2106 ٣ɱ٣
Ĺ֮ӳӷǰͬһ޴Ľɫʯ֮Ťɢҹ׾ʱǿĳѾҹϵĺɫ·飬ǲǱģǱȼչģʹĴ˿̵ҹϵһ˿ңеǲҲѾϳ룬еȥ
ҹĻܵԼӹˣ޴ĽɫʯֱԼԼϵƤ⣬ͷȫĽȫҪѿƵģʹҹвҽһҲѾ׹䡣
ӷ֪һĹ֮ٴοҹ棬ȡŮ˵ãھԲ
˿̣ڳӷĵչҹڣʮħȫ׹µҹȥŰΧ
Ͻץ򣬻Ĺ֮һըҲܵ𻵵ġ
ѽĹ֮ʵ£Ҳɱһǿߣӷɲܽﱬ
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һ޴ײɫʯֱײ˽ɫСϣʹĽɫСһ𶯣ڽɫСı棬ȴһӾͬһſڣǽɫʯӿֱӳ˽ɫС档
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ӷһ˫Ѿʱ򣬿˵Ѿȫ˹ֵǣΪʲôһҲ
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ųӷһ£壬Ȼ
ҿ٣ɱ١


2107 Ѧ֮
ɱ٣˵ǣΨǿߣͨˣһǿǾûʸ˵ȿԵģ
ӷԶգĴ½ˣӲںԪЩˣԼֵĻǾжٰɣĸһ磬Ĺ֮ӷգһ۾ĻǾ̫ԲԼĻĹ֮ˣ
ܶʱˣǿһʱɾһҵģĶҵĻǺĺ󻰣
Ѿתӷ磬ųӷһ£ϸѾǿξˣֱʣųһΪ֮ɫǺδţ٤ǿĴ½δһѾ˿
֮УɱɫĹâϷͣһ꣬ȫĴ½ȥ
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2108 в½ڶǿߣ
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2109 սԤף
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Ѧңļ岻һûн̻Ի͵ĽһȽϹϵĴԺϳɵģǾǵЩĺԺʮĺԺ
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2111 ǿ֣߳
һռˣŻͦģװóӷ·ͻصǰЩʱռ֮ǰһսʱս̫ӣ˵̫ӱӷѪԪɱɳӷȴ֪ǸʱһˣȻռ䣬˺ռ䣬ˣʡ
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СӣˣûԹղֻת֮ʵʬߵġ
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ûԹֻ˸ַܵѹûжԼ֣ȻǱ٣Ҳûзֲôۡ
ģǼһֶΣͨѽ
ȻΪôôɱġ
ɱôۣ˵ʵӷڻʶһ£ǿ󵽵ǿһ̬ĵزһᶼûˣ


2112 ѦŪ
ľ׷ѦңҹѾȥʵղʲôˣ
ʲôˣ⣬˵ʵӷѻش𡣲ǲܻش𣬶˵еԽܣ
ȻѾ磬˺Ĵ½ǳ綼ҪǿߵģǰľǼ׼ҲӦõġ
Ҹ㣬ղˣǺռһǿߣŲţ
˻һľ˶һ㶣ĵһǿߣǲʲôδͳ𣿡
˵Ǻռ䣬ǺĴ½ˣռ䣬һ˼ʮ
ں𣡳ӷӿɸ㣬ԺƱˣӡ浱ʲô֪𣬸㣬磬ռ䣬˽Ĳ١ǿǿߣҲֻܻꡣȴ˵˻˼ʮ꣬ܺơ
ѽĻ˭ŵġ
˼ʮ꣬ռ䣬ûһ˰ɣ࣬ҲͻˣǻҪǿǵ
бҪ𡣸ղǼһǸ˼ʮĴ½ǰͳߣкռ䣬ʮǰһǿߣȫ¡ˣԺģ鲼ռ䡣ʣҲˡ
ľؼֱԼĶ䣬ǿߣԼˣǰھĵʱ޵д󽫾֮ʽļһҲһɱһδй
죬ľӷôһ˵һǿǺռһǿߣռһǿ
ʦҲĶ֣
Ҹܸɸƽ֡⣬һҪ㣬Ҹǰռʱ˵⣬ǰһǧ꣬˵ء
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ûҲ˵ҸѾһǧˣҲѾǵһǿ߽֣˫֮ûκЭ֮´ƽ֡
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ľ˶סˣɳӷ˵Ҳ̫ࡣ֮ռ䣬Ҹ׵ģҲΪ˴Ǹǿ߶ġ
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ӷľ໥һۣѽΪʲôѦŪԵ޹ʵɣɼȻѦŪΪʲôҪɱʣУǲе˵ȥԭ
ӷ˲ûдȥѦŪʲôԿ϶ϼһϵǰ򵥣һЩʲôɳӷͲȥʣˣ˵ɲõЧǾŰɣ͵֪£շͲѦŪҪĻӷľأɶǴң
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ӷ˵뿴ѦŪķӦǲʲôϵ
Ȼղǿߵĳֻ֣Ϊʵʬ壬ûȥܣûκһˡ
ѦŪԥһ£ųӷ˫ۣͻأѦŪɵĴЦʵСֵܣڻϷô
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ѦŪ˵£ʵϷڶû׹ˣϷǰûͻȻϷ򣬻ǱѦңʵԭ˵ǶġܿϧԵϷϷϲҪЮˡ
ҪЮ
ӷʵɱƾʲôҪЮ㡣֪ģûκΰյĻԲ㣬һƫƫ㣬ûȥұˡ
˵ʵɱӷ磬ΪӱĻǻõ㣬ͲʶѦŪ£ͻȻȥѦŪǲе˵ȥˣ
Сֵܣ£ϷҲ֪ô͡ΪʲôϷϷҲףֻ֪ǴһռġȻСֵҲǴһռģϷ֪Сֵܸղǿʲôϵ
ѦŪֱǣӷΪǿ߻ӷʲôϵ⻹óӷе⣬ϲģʲôԩԼ
࣬ı졣
Ѧǰ˵ףСӸͲռ䣬ǳǣһıġ
ıʲôıѦңҾͲ֪ûʲôıˡ⣬ǰ˵ʲôıЩνǿʸǰģ

ӣס֡
ѦŪֹסѦӣ˵СֵܣǸ˵⣬Ϸʵǻش㣬֮ҲΪϷΪʲôϷ򣬲ġ
ԭѦŪӷôӳӷе֪ʲôˣΪʲôɣǲ̫ǣǿ˵㣡
ӷǽзֵʱԲٽһ
ڣѦŪǲٶ˵ʲôˣⱾͲöֵĳϣ㵽֡
ȻֻΪҹѾ˶ˣҲûʲô˰ɡǾȸˡ
һ¡
ô
Сֵܣδͳߡ
˭Ļܽߡ
ʱܲϻˣ˵񣬱ǲҵġ
ѽǲҵģ㲻ɷϣ˳ӷΪҲҪȻصң򣬲ҷ治ΪӷãΪĹϵӷΪУ
ȻˣǾȻزȥɣ룬Ӧöûʲôɣ
û˵˭ʱ붯񣬿¾ҪȹѦŪˣѦ֮Ͼв½ĵڶǿߣɲܵô˵


2113 Ϻ꣡
ӳӷүزȥȻǲΪҵˣʹǧųһεĳǿߣѾΪһõĴ͡ΪʮΪ壬ҲٻصԼˣѾµˣôΪҲȥģ
ʧѽò˵ҵʧɴˣ뿿ģǲ̫ˣ
ǸڲүҲһоûУʮĮӦ˵ĮӦ˵һûУǾһ̯ˮһ˰㡭Ӧ˵ˣڵ񣬸һûȻѪԵĻˣΨӷ´ӻӵģ˵ʲôƵġ
УܾˡǲҺò׵ȵܾӷأ
ǰĶ֮ǰҹ棬ѦЩ˻Լ⣬û뵽ȴóӷˣڣû֪ôһ¡
Ȼδͳ߱Ͼδͳߣڳӷ磬үȥϻǱҲݵģֲڽٶԳӷôѦŪûԪĸֻɳǿߣһ·βһʲô飬Ҫһʱ䱣
ڳϻǱߣѾȥ취ȥˣҪôܽӳӷĿ¸ܳϻãպͳͳ½ǳǵĳϻͳߣΪ½ߣ
ѦŪҲûȥΪѳӷ磬Ȼ˳ӷȥѦңҲѾ֪Ǳɱ֮ӷǼռģѦŪǶԳӷ˼Ҳʱɱ֣
ӷ뿪Ѧҵʱ򣬽񽻸˲үӷɲΪԼĹϵҸַˣǿԼòײ£ģʱֲܽѦǱߡ
غԻģԼҵδͳߣĪΪ˱˵£ӱ˵Ҫȥҳӷ磬ѻóӷ罫黹Լҡ
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֪ԼӵƢ˿̶Ҫȥҳӷ۵ģ۵Ҳֱӿ
Գӷʵ˵ԼģѦŪҪóӷ֣ʱȥҳӷ磬һˣԲҿûаֵĺô
үүѵǿǵ˺öˣòˣδͳߣڣȴڱˡ
˵ʵҲ뷢£ɼȻ鶼ѾˣҲΡ
ı飬·ĴƵģ˵Ҳʮ룬ǲҿʮ꣬ʮ֮أ
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ʮ֮ڣǲҪȻҪﲻ˵ģǳǶ壬ݲǲңһʮ壬ǲҾͽ⵽֮֡㲻ʮ֮룬ѾδͳˣĴ½ڲϵĽǳǣϽδͳߵݱ¶Ĵ½Ȼ뾡һа취ɱģҪδͳǿ֮ǰĨɱҡС˵ʵǲҵ͵ֵסκһȫһֱǲңŵ󣬲ǿǲңͬڣ
˵һ㶼ûǸ񣬲ҪɻҲǳＸжԼˡڣѾδͳˣǽӭģͲǼֵôˣΪĴ½ͬĵˣ½ĹˣңûǸȥֵ
ǣڳӷǾͲͬˣӷʵү˵ܷʲôطһĴڣֻҪˣܱס񣬾Ĵ½ȫɱųӷҲа취ֵģʵڵֵסѽȴ뿪ǳǣҵˣ
Ҳ˵δͳߣⷽ棡ౣҲʮ꣬ҲܵõӷıӵĻǿֻʮ𡣡
˲˼ʵүү˼˵Ҫӷǲң
ûһ޷ãһӷ磬ȴҲǧ
ҲǱϸһ£˵ҲûӷԼң±ȵһҪõĶɡ
ȻͽͻظӷɣɲҪǲʲôĲźá
ȻӷǽȥȻҲǸһ뷨ϾĿǰƵΪһĹϵǲҸѦǱߣΪС
үү˵ӷǰزң̽ǵģ
ûȫܷʲôطһġǲҴ⣬ǾͰҪΪСӷˣΪУͶѦǱߣ˵ӷô
ǲ˵϶ǲҶֵģնݳԳ󻼡
ûӷˣھҪȫճӷ˵ȥˣҲǧһ⣬˵죬ҲҾҪǳˡ
ͷ亹ÿµˣö񶾵뷨
סˣһϸĿ飬ǲңʲô£ҪվڳӷǱߣǧ򲻿˿ĶҡһҡˣǾ
ˡ
оǣδͳߵѾع⣬Ĵ½ǱߵǿҲϸϹġ¸µĴ䣬Ϊ

ûһ½ѧԺ֮Ľһ½ǿ֮Ľ巽쵼㣬һǽһǰʢ磬ͬʱҲһ֮սǲңÿһ棬ÿһ壬Ҫóֵ׼ҲѦŪǻʱԭɲΪһռˣȥӷ˵ôϻ
ѦŪ£ӷ磬Ϊ¸µĴ׼
ӦӷԲʣȻӷ粻ʣѦŪҲӷġ֮ǰһʦ̬֮СʮСģŮС
˶٣˵ڴ֮ǰܳ﷢ʲô£ǲҶҪֽȥҪ֣Ҳ޼ѧԺȥ֣ҪģǿųϻǱߣҲѾгڰбˣ
˵һ㶼û˵ÿһ仰еķ϶ڰԾֻϺ꣬ǰôãǱ¶ĺβͣ


2114 ѦŪĵģ
Ѧҿڣ˶뿪ѦŪȴԵĺơԭ뽫ӷȷĸ߳ӷ磬ԼѾ֪ռˣԣʲô֮ǰҪǧҪ޿ֲĴټһɱʣһ³ӷ磬óӷ֪ˣɽɽҪ˵ķǵԼѦҵͷ
ѦŪû뵽ӷȻһףһԼǲʲôıѦŪǲˬһˣǳǵĵڶǿߣĵһˣû뵽ȴһռСӦټʵʬĪı˸ˣǵԼ棬˵ߵģɼʬ֮֮ǿԶԶǳ֮ϡ
׻ʲôˣʬߵģѦŪҲ̫࣬ۿδͳߵѾ¶ڽǳǲ̫ƽֻҪδͳ߲ͻԴԴϵǿ鷳
үүǸӷʵ̫ˣȻҵ˵չȥ˵ã
ѦŪֹĻѦѬԣĸѦһ֣ӷض·һġ
ѦŪԣӷȴôöԸģ񽣵ʵһôĽ׶ΣѦŪΪȻӷܻɱ񽣣ʵǿ֪ģԼ֮ǰҲۼʶ˳ӷ˵ʵһУܵӷģ½Ҳ
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ѦŪһŭ֮ǰѾӷˣֲ÷쭣ѦѬ˵ûʶĻѦŪһʱ֮䣬еȫѦѬϡ
Ѧҵһǲˣ
ѦŪǽѵϣѦѬͲȥѦӾôһŮĻѦŪҲܽѦѬѦΪһеˣ
ףȲҪŭ˵ʵӷСӵȷŰ裬涼˲ӣ֪ƽģ
ȷӷȷǺţţǴӵ͵߹ġ
뵱ڵʱ򣬳ӷոճʱǺεȵĵ͵ɱǰӷҲԶҲΪӷ֪ԼʵҲѦŪ˵ӷ綮躹޵ĵţΪʵȻʵ㹻ˣǻ͵ƨѽжžͶţ˵һѦŪԺЩǿߣΪǿǿߣӷ綼ֱս
ӣ㿴ӷ綯жٰܻɱ
ѦŪôһʣѦӵɫĺѿ˽λ׵ģôˣôۡԣĻѦŪ׵˵ڣɼȻѾ˵ˣȻһļ˽⡣
׵˼ǡ
ԭ˵ϷҲţһӷ磬ܻɱ¡ԸղŵӷȷŻɱµʵܻɱ£ͬҲܻɱ㡣
ѦһӷܻɱԼôܣ
ʱڽڵһսȻôܵû֪֮ǰѦѬǿۿӷս񽣣ںĹ֮ǰӷֵֻܵס񽣵һУǵʵ˵ʵѦӸͲţӷɱ񽣵ʵ
ףڳӷ£ҲѾ˽һˡ˵ӷҲôǿһ綼ûСɱ£ʲôıֶΣЩɶСѬġ
ûүүҸӷ罻֣ӷ統ʱ۷ΪûУִʲôѽ
˵ʲô۷嶼ûУⲻܡղϷӷΪѾ۷ˡңڣһʮǿǵȻϷ޷϶ж󣬵˵Ҳһһġ
һһ磿
ԼλףλүүڿЦ
ѽһһ磬ǵʱںĹ֮ǰһжмܡңڰ֮ǰҲǸֵģһһ磬Ҳܻˡ
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ȷ϶ˡ
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ܣʬ֮ˣԺģǸͲĶ֣ҲûǳǣֻתƣʬߵġҲʬʲôôɣɼȻûǨŭǣҲûҪȥ
˶٣ѦŪ˵УδͳѾ֣Ȼ֪ΪʲôǲҵΪʲôӳӷȻϻҪѦҲͲˡĴ½ԴԴϵĽǳǣǵĿδͳߣĴ½ˣȥϻɣϣûѦʲô¡
ף¸µĴ䣬ѦҸô
֮ǰȥôʱһеʤĻӦɳӷƿء
̫һСӡ
̫һСǸ֮ǰȥԸӷ磬ȴû˵ĳ嶯Ӳûϣƾ㣬ֵࡣСѬȥһڵ޷ӷ翹⡣ѦŪŮΪѦҰµĻϷ򣬾ڴ֮ǰԿӷ
ѦӸŮһ̫һӷѵλүҪ̫һҪ
ʱѦӸŮ֪ѦŪﻹǱӷģͲҶʡңѦŪϺͿһξ룬ʲôʲôܸ̫һͬջأͿ̫һôˣ


2115 𱾷ǲ񷶦
ѦҵȷŷŲܣӷһҪ죬Ǿҹ档
ҹץӷɲΪһʱĺôͽˣɾ˷˳ӷץĹ򡣵Ȼò˵ҹһ൱ǿģϾһǿߣھЩǿҪǿܶ౶ǣӷ粻ܽЩһҲѽҹһӷ뽫һǿԼ⣬ӷ绹ҪҹĿУ֪ǿڣЩǳӷĿǰΪҪģ˿ӣ
ȻӷֱӻֱȥҹĻ´ﲻӷҪЧӲҹĻϾǸСںһģν˶ǽһҹԻС棬ǲ޷֪ǿߵЩ磬Ҳᱻٵȥ
ӷҪһȫķҪ֪ͬʱҲҪҹЩȫŪ֣
ж֮ǰӷȽ˲ãҪôһ£ǻ᲻ʲôע⣬Լ˷̫ʱ䣡
ɵӷúȴ֣ô۵Ϣȫʧ˵ȫóӷǲϹﵽͬʱڲõİУҷӡƵģѵǾηǿߣǿ߻٣ɱһ
˵һǣǸʲô
Ȼôҷӡ˻ڵģֻһеϢˣӷ˵ȻҲ
СӣһУҪԼˡ
Ļ࣬ûǰ԰벻м
ѻ˵ʲôнһжҪԼѵǰȫǿ𣡵Ȼòϣҳӷ֮н죬ȷǽǲҲǽҵ𡣡
ô˵Сӣ㲻ҪᡣܸлΪռ䣬ǿѾ֣ȻûǣҲûǳǣȻѾһΣǾͻֵڶΡ˵ʵĿǰı߶ĻĹ֮ǿԷҲκõġΪպǿߣѾڿʼչأͬʱڲڱչأҲ˵ǳ֮ǰҲǿ֮ǰһжҪԼˣ
ӣӷ绹ˣǲǿߣҪΪսǿó׼
ǰôۻǲ𣬶ǿһйɱһʮ꣬һ꣬Ϲɶǰǰ㣬ǿһɱǶˣӷҲԣǱӴ˿̿ʼչأֱӷǿߣҲȷԼ˸ǿ֮ľ뵽Զ
ӷ̾˿˵ģռ䣬ӷ粢û̫ǿߣǳӷ̫԰˰ɣô۶Ҫչرս˵ǿԶԶȳӷеҪǿĶ࣬ͬʱӷҲǵһΣô
ȻҪչأڽҲǡϣǵҲһ¸ߣǿȥˣҲ͵ǿȥˡ
˵СӣҲˣ񷶦ҪͣڲŲ䣬ĲűĻǲ񷶦ܴҲ󲻵ġ
ӷ˵ͷһ£ʵ֪񷶦㣬ǲΪһģ
СӣôͻȻ
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ӷԽˣôһ˵ԣ񷶦Ϊһģ͸ԼһҲżõ˲񷶦ģţҲԲ񷶦ģ
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ӷЦһԼ¹Ȼ񷶦Ͳһ壬һĻʣһôܱһͷ۵أ޾ܱ仯Ϊˣڶ֮࣬ɲ񷶦ȴһһûǲ
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˵ûһǧǰԳѪĹڵūˣη˳۵ɳӷӷʵ̫Գӷ˵ҪĹû⣬ɲǰ˳Ľѽǻԭ򡣶ڣ˵óӷ谭ĹľȻǲ񷶦񷶦ĹԭΪһģ˵ͬһʱֵģĳӷ統ʱɽ
ǲ񷶦ĹôģҲȻγɵģȻγɵĶӵЧǺĹھȻ˾ŸͳߣӦòɺϰɣ
Ȼɺϣ֪ģҲش㣬ߣڱ֮ǰ߸ͳߣÿһӵһ񷶦µıɣ֪ǾҪȻԵˣ
ǻԵ
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ǲűأ㵽ûеǵȾ磿
ֻһ
Ȼ˾ű䣬űյûʼȶǿ߾Ѿˡñ𽫾űȫסȶסĻǿҲδǱĶ֡
ű֮ǿ߶Ƕ֣жǿ󡣻УΪʲôվű䣬ǿ߾ˣ֮ǰȴû㣬ǲΪηʲô
ӷһ˵˫˫۾Ȼ˵⣬ûСӣ˼˵ǿΪη˲ű䣬ڱոմﵽűʱûȫסű֮ǰ
пܣҲֻҵĲ²⡣ŵҵǿ֮󣬾֪еһˣ˵ͬĹ񷶦飬֪
ţŬɣҪסǧҪ뱾ͬĴһ˾ű䣬ǾҪҵطűסϻĹ֮ǿһνռȥˡ
ǿη˲űǳӷаմˡȻҲǳӷĲ²⣬˵ǿ߷η˲ű䣬ôΪʲôأ

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ô۲ǺĴ½Ŀռô֮ӴѵҲвǿô
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ˣǾŬչذɣȳȥˡ


2116 ޣ
²˳٣ӷ뾡조ҹ棬Ŀ˽⺣硣
˲ú󣬳ӷ̻˵˿̣ҹҲѾ˹ҹ棬ʮħΧţǶħ£ҹǿҲܷģֻǹԹԵĴţƨҷһ
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ǣѦǣǴɸǴ˺öˣǳˣȫҪء
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2117 ٽˣ
ӷʱһ㶣ʲô޾ԼԼʲôʱһ֣ΪʲôԼʹ֪أ
ϳһųӷ磬һ߲֪߰˵ЩʲôӺܼƵġԭåҲѽΧ֮£ٴåҲǶסģΨһѡˣж죡
ǣӷںҲûʲôĹѽҪԼ˵ʵӷ첻ģٶΣӷֲåûҪȥǣ
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2118 ˵
ӷ¹ѧԺʱѾˣУ԰ĴѧУ԰ûʲôֱѧǷɢۼڲͬĵطģпģҲ໥֮дģȻ̸˵ȻҲٲˣ
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ԪҲ̫̬˰ɣУֻУԼʮһ¾ѾˣһһĻҪԪɱ
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2119 ѹˣ
ֵܣ㿴ޣƽʱ˵Ҳ˶ˣȴͷһѦѬǳǿɾͱˣ
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ѦѬһŮ˰㣬ͷҷףһݶûˣʹѵĴȪ˫еˮǲͣ߿ޱƵĽкҵҵ

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˵ĺΪһ壬Ѧô˵ˣһ˹ϵĳͻһԥĿսڹ̫һҲҶԼżûн٣һгһǿߣҲܸΪģֻû뵽̫һˣȻǸϲŭɫǳ侲ķ蹷侲ܣʲô鶼ȥ
ɼȻѾˣҲܺڣֻǾһȥƿغԼżҸ֮Ĺϵɣ
죬ǶҪ£رǳӷ磬ƵУǧҪͻѦҾͻǵȥԸӷ硣˵
ǣүү֪ôˡ
ҵһǲģҲѦһүǲҲڵĳӷ˵ȴһǳ֮¡


2124 ﻮ
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ӷѾûסϳˣΪ˼ͨĹϵӷڹѫ˶ûסıҲóӷŵĵط˵ѫֻṩǳ׵ˣȱй׵סϾӷͷϣҪһָҪˡ
Ѿ»ʱ˭ȥӷ磬ЩҲɵӣӷϻѦҶȥðǸûʲô
·Ӳûʲôµ󣬳˽ĳɹ֮⣬ĺҲûʲô˵ġ
ϳȫڳӷңҲʱһ¹ڳ˵ķչһˡ
ɣϳ壬ȻԪǳ˵ĸ߲ڲأӷҲ˹ϲңԳкôģٽ޼ѧԺ棬ѾΪϰٺŵѧ
Ҵ㣬ĸ֮⣬ټһˣΪҳ˵ĸ߲ߡ
ĸȻǼ˲أֿأҲʮָ˵ģҲ֪Լ֮ǰǸӷһģӷ֮ˣɾΪ޼ѧԺĹϵ
л֮Ļزû˵ҲҪ˵˫֮䶼ղġ
˼ȻԸҳˣȻҲ֪ҳڽдģķչԣҾͳһˡ
ӷϲȥȵĹҲʺϳӷ磬ӷֻʺڱﻮһС
˼˵㲻Ҫᣬҽ֮Դͷˣǲǰֵ̫ѦѬǱǸˣҹԺҲûѧԺˣѦҸ̫һǲŹǵģԺСһ㡣
ӷȻ֪˼ôģǰʱӷ̫󣬵ӷҲ֪˼ﶨб뷨
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ӷ˵ģ˼ģκ飬ΪԼǳнĹģԼ̼ҵ棬ԼĸĹףǳΪѦǵĻǾԲ˼뿴ġ
ǳǵӰվ˵һ仰źܶ˶ġҪģҲЧܰҽҾܱ֤ǳһܵ˺ġڹżƿǳǵΣѦƹǳǵľ£ҶǸ̥ΪΪԼûκһΪǳǵġһҳ˽ǳǸҾͽǳǵг֮λҵʱὫһһץ㿴ô
ʲô˷ôλϣָôĺôǳӷ˵ֶΡ
죬˼ȻѾˣȻҲ뷨ģֻû˼˵ˡڳӷ˵ˣ˼;ûоܾɣһǴһʼͳˣѾˣкܶء
ϳ˵˼㣬ֵ˵ûѦҸżҶǺöǹǳǣʱǳһᱻĴ½̲ġ
˼̾˿˵ѦҸżЩΪǰ̼ҵĹ֮Ǻεȹ֤һжΪǳǡѦҵ֣ȻǵѦҾʵ̫ˡ
̼ҵ棬ǰͳӣǳǵģ˼ҲᱻȫأżҸڵѦң̼ϣҪ˼֡
ȻҲ֪еԣǾ͸ҪһˡֵܵʵҲʶҪɡǳǷܴڽҪЩˡ
ϳ忴˼˵
ãҴӦ㣬ͿԴȥ˵˼룬Ըһģ
ʵ˼ͷ֮ѾͲҪȥ˵ʲôˣ죬и˼ˡȻЩ˼ˣҲȻҪϵľˡ
ˣȻڳѾΪ˼Ժĸרĵİɡңڴ֮ǰó㵤ҩȰһ˵һǵʵڴϣǳ˾Ǽ󣬺е˵ȥˡ
ӷǰ¯ĵҩѾˣڲôڲñչأӷʱ򲻺ȥţҪĵҩҪһʱС
죬Ǵˣʱ̨֮϶ƴ̨֮£Ҳһǿ֮ĴսȻһͬŮ˼ʱѧԺʱʱѧԺҲһġ
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ˣֵܣ˵Ҳˣ
ϳʵ
ȻǶѾ̵֪£ҲǡڱǶ½ˣû´ĻʥŮСʥŮҲὫŽ½ѧԺġ㵽ʱ˭Ҳõģ֪ôѧԺһˣǶҪСһ㡣
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޳ӣ
ʲô½һеĵһǿߣ
ûѾǳǣϴλ飬ҲˡҸ˴һ档
޳ӵȷǸӦĽɫǳǣ³̫һ⣬ֻгֵܶԸˡȻǸʲôľģг赽ʱʲô㣬ڻ֪
ȲҪܣôô棬Ҳܲǡһ޳֮⣬еı½裡ѾͷһͬǳǵģϴΰʧٺʧˣҿѾǳǣʱҲһֵģҲǵĶ֡
½޳ӣ½裬ϲ½½һһǿߣ᲻ᵽ㻹治˵
ôϣǳʱǵ½ԣǼϳϣֻʤԲܰܣĴ򲻹κα޳ֶܵΣҪӮ
ӷ绰䣬ȻͨѶ𣬽ӵһϢ
λյϢϲ½ľȻ½ĲʢѾˡ
Ŀʱѽ
⣬ѧԺѡԺսսʲôˡĴ½ˣҲ죬żңɹżҽĴѧԺ
ӷ۾һתЦãǾ͵϶ֽŰɡ


2125 䰲ţ
һҹ˵ڶ죬ӷԪ˰ϣϳҲȥ˶ڵİ༶˼ȻͣʱѧԺ޼ѧԺǱߣкȻذţľӦⲻĴѧԺҪѡѡ
ԭ˵εĴ䣬Ĵ½һҪμӣΪ˷ֹԼⳡزۣǳڣ½ӦòɳΪǿѧģпܻһЩԭѧԱȥðѧμӡ
񣬼Ȼδͳ߶ѾˣðѧҲûǸҪˣ½֮ȻǽΪǿѧɳȥʤһ½һıƴͬʱҲһţ½ѧԺܣҪӮʤ
ȻΪⳡѾ׸ı䣬һеĽˣǳ̨ϵı֮⣬̨֮£ҲǷӿĴƴ¹˭֣Ҫʵˣ
һ࣬÷ĸոտᣬɹԺٿĴᣬĻҲй飬һԼ¹ѧԺҪѧǰʮֻаٷ֮ʮĻȡõһı
ѦѬ飬һҲû˵´ûзƵģȻ÷һİΣʦ֮УȻҲͳΪһ⣬Щʦ飬һΪףİ༶ɼȻ˳ӷԪ죬ڴϣһҪ˽ǰʮǸ÷ĵѹҲʦڵſ÷ĵЦһ಻Ǻ𣬲ǽһǾЩ˿νĳˣжʵ
ʦǸ÷ĵѹûֹ෴ǳ֤ͬ÷ʦҲٵģѾ֪ǳ汣ӷ磬Ҳ÷ں氲ŵģ÷ȥҵǡ
Ȼ÷¹ѧԺĵλûΪӷĹϵߣΪ˰Ժڵһɻ䡣һγӷ緽ûڴȡһóɼһ඼Ҫ¹ѧԺǹڻϵһ䰵¹ѧԺʦ쵼ȫˡ
÷֪ȻԼѾ˸飬ھǳеѹʱѹеҲͱȥμʲôˣԼ̴ְֱˡ
÷ŴҰģͳǳǵĴѧԺҰģӷĴѧԺҲֻǳӷĿǰչһСȦӰˣܲһֱ¹ѧԺһֱǳǣˣƤǱߣѾϵô۵ЩɲĺˣһȫϵˣҲһɾ޴ϣҲԱȳӷԼչҪǿĶ࣬ԣǳǣĴ½ӷ綼ҪһС
£һ෽棬÷ѾѡΪѧ٣ԣÿһѧҪμӴ䣬ŵļȴķǳס
ĴϣҲмģһΪ࣬Ǽ򵥣Ҳǵͼм߼ѧԾһ˳ӷԪ֮⣬еѧȫǵͼ䣬ҪԵģҲĴ½Щʵϱȵ׵ѧϣӦǲʲôģһսǿԱס
÷ҪųӷԪʱӷ˵÷ʦţҸұ֤һغϣǰҸԪ֮⣬ȫҪ
ȷ㣬÷֪ģʲô취ԼѧҲϸ߼սѽ
ӷ磬֪ôģҲѽŵĻǳԪ˾ͶҪϳˡ
÷ʦҵһְţ֪벻
Ŷ˵˵
ҵİźܼ򵥣ҸԪ죬ȫμӵͼ䣬ͬѧȫȥμӸ߼䡣
ӷ˻һȫˣԪڣȫһ
ЦɿˣǿĲμͼģĲμ߼ģⲻǵͬѧȥ
ӷ磬ǲ⼸æеͿˣ
ûͿҵĻǾͰ˵İţȥҸұ֤ʱͬѧ򶼲ô򣬾ͿԻʤġ
ԱһŮʵ˼˵ڸ߼ϴӮ

ƺе㲻ϰߣ
ҲҪ£ȻǶҳˣȻᱣ֤ǵİȫεĴ䣬ֻҪ˵ȥӮһӮĺӡ
˶٣ӷ˵ȻӮҲֻӮһֻҪӮһѾ㹻ˣϾǸ߼䡣ʱҲҪֱ֣˺ˡ
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ѽǡ÷ʦͰ˵İŰɡ
÷ʵҪ
ǵȻģܲμӸ߼䣬ζûģڻӮһΪʲôμӡ
÷ĵ˵ͷȻӷ˵£ǾͰճӷ˵İŰɡ
ѧ֮󣬳ӷ缸˻غһʱѧԺ޼ѧԺǱߵҲѾȥˣѧԺҲ
˭ϵˮ£룿
ӷʵ
Ǹ

Ǻ
׼ȷ˵ǸѧԺҪԸĴ½ѧԺԣǳǵĴѧԺҪȻ̫һǲܣܺĶ;ԲܷŹ
ڻҳ˵⣬˵ѾǸӸӻˣнҴǸӵ˼ɽڶһͷ󣬹ûȥܴˡڻ룬һԲУ֪ôġ
Ǿϵˮ°ɡǼһСۣȴǸˣкôǲġ
Ǻãϵ


2126 £ˮ£
ѧԺڻҵģѧԺѧȴȫǻҵˣҲѣǿߣû
ò˵ˮ´˵ĸȽϴĽɫκһһ¹ѧԺгΪҲеСۣˣ棬ߺôĻΪԼõġ
񻪼ڲ⣬ɵĳ±쵱ڹ󣬻Ҳûʲôüɻˣ˵ⲢǼ£ô˵Ҳǻڲ飬ûϵϻǻҵļһ˵㣬ǣ֮£ֻܽӸӻɲҪΪԼĹϵԼزˣǾһʧ
ʵǰûнӻӵĴ㣬лҲܳ򣬸ûҪȥģǸӣֻгдƽĹⱲӣҲˣ
ϣ˭ĵȻ飬ڱҵ죬ĳ¸˳Ȳܻô֪µģٻ˽һǳص⣬ǾԼңѾ⣬ЩˣѾԼˡ
ڻû˸Լ飬һԼµ죬ָһᷢʲôأǺҲ֮£Ӹӻ޷֤ԼĶӻɽǷҲ֪£֪ͱеҪصĶࡣ
ڣӷҪ򻪼ҵ⣬ǾҪȴѧԺֱ֣Ӵӻ֣һĻ϶̫ģֻû븸ΣУǲ֪ôѡ
ϳϵˮ£˿ˮҲûѧԺܶһҲڴĴ½Щһν֪֪ˣܰսʤ

Ȼ˽˳أӷԼˮڴ˼ģڻѧԺ֪ԼԼˮµ飬ʲô⣡
ԼǰͲҪزصģֱ˵
ˮ½빤ǲϻ
ӷӺ߳Ҳӷһˣ˲ûи
ٶȻͦģҸϵ㣬ôˡ
˵Ҫϻлֱ˵
ԼǰΪʲô£ѵһ㶼֪𣿡
ˮµȷеСۣǸˡӷʱԼȻǲµΪʲô¡
Ҽĳˣҿͱ˷ѿˮˡ¹ѧԺκҶġ

ӷ粻ɵһЦ˵һ¹ѧԺҲҿ̫˰ɡˣҰĵģֻҰĵĴСѡҳӷҰģɱȺܶеҪĶࡣ
˶٣ӷ˵¹ѧԺǹżҸҵ£㣬Ҹ¹ѧԺ֮ĶԹҲ˵ǸҵĶԹ㣬û˵ɣ
ӷ磬òҪҸ£޵ľ¡
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ͣͲҪǰҫ˰ɣ
ĻͬڱǰżҸǰҫֻ͡ҪԸҳˡ
˵ǲ˵ġ
Ĵ䣬ʲô㣿
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˵Щʲô˼޷ǰʮҲҪԼʵ
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ӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɡԼҲ˵ˣ⽲һ½ֲεĴ䣬ѵӴĴ䣬㻹ҾƲɣ
⻹治Ҵţʲô˸ʲô˶սȫҵĿ֮У㲻ŵĻھͿ뿪ˣҲܱ֤һͻ϶½ѧԺ޳ӡ
ˮһӷ˵ɣԼһ޳ӣ˵ʵԼʵԲ޳ӵĶ֣ǿǸһǿߡ
ˮ²Ҿȥ䣬õĳͷᣬˣĺܲҵĻԼһӣ˵Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
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ˣ֮¾ȵΪֹ£Ҳᰲźõġ


2127 ԩ·խ
ˮûʲôˣˣֻҪץסҪĶ˵ǼˣƽȥѦɱˣȥ
ˮµĸʱ¹ѧԺģ֪Ϊʲô£¹ѧԺգˮҲΪԭ򣬷ǳʹ¹ѧԺżңֱӾܾ¹ѧԺѧݣѧԺ⼸ڣҲΪǳ˵ССĹףõ˾סѫʸ񡣿Щˮ˵ʲôҪҪв½Ҫ¹ѧԺ֮ϣΪĸһȻ¾һõĻᣬˮ¹ѧԺͷϲϼţǱ֮Ĵ䡣
ȻӷѾӦˮ½ǰʮҲ˵ܶˣȥģ¹ѧԺѧˡ
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ӷ֪󽫻һѵĴսԼֽţҲ̨ϵĶսѣ̨֮£ӷͲұ֤ˣһնûС
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Ȼڻкܶţǳӷ벻ҲⲻģĹ񷶦ڣȫеţǿϴʵʬ壬ûзֳӷ磬˵ûзֲôۣǶ˵ԳĻǿǵȴڣ𲻵ǿһ֮ţǿǳǣ֮ɢȥûзֲôѾѽˣΪʲô֣ΨһĽǣǿߣûӷ磬ô۷Ҳ֪ôǽӷģɲ񷶦ھű仹һξ룬ʱͲм֣
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ѽǶǴӳǿһ磬ǶԷ£˭᲻ֻڶԷ˵²֡
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ľܸ޼ѧԺ˻һʵѵѽҲһʲôĿĵġ
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ֵһߣ½֣δͷģȻ޳ӣСʥŮ̾͸СʥŮ󣬵һȴǷΪŶС
Ǳǲǻҵˣ
תͷȥϣ޼ѧԺ½ѧԺ֮⣬ҵѧԺҲˣȻΪһģǴͷ꣬ˮ¸벢УɿӺǲˬΪеģһƱ껹С꣬һĸе꣬ο̧֮࣬䣬лƣ


2128 ໥ƣ
޳ӸСʥŮǰǳǵģɼȻͬһʱǳǵĴϣһһɻ䶼ûУǾ˵ѾҪزˣ½ǱҲѾ֪ǳǣκ顣
ѧԺһ꣬Եе졣ӷǰûмҲԿ϶ǻҵˣȴ뻹лмֵƣ飬˵ʲôɣ꣬ǻӣȴĳǳǣʵóӷܳԾ
ѵѾ϶ΪһεĽӰ𣬷ͲģѧԺԺŮת
ҸҸģɽ鷳ˣ
ǳӷ翴ݣҲѾˡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦʵãǺ»ǻ£
ڻҸ˵϶ǻˡ⼸˽⣬ǻ벢ǸҰĵˣ֮λҲûϡɻɽͲȻˡڻɽѾʧȥһӣڻռҪλãɽһġ
ȻλϸôãҲǸͿѾ˻ңΪ˻ҵǧҵһ̳ˡ˵ɽ򻪼ңɽӵУֻлΪΣ룬Ͳǵϡڻ߳һԣҪͬɽȨһˣֱӹң򣬻ɽһǾԲŹҰֵģһڻɽ֮ȻֻһǼ̳ˣһ벻ôȥһĻǻҵһҲ군ˡ
˵û˵ҲΪ˻ҵĽҲѾǵ˽飬֮£Žӽӻġǣûӽӻɽô룿
Ȼ뵽ˣҲѾ׼û´Ļڴʱ֮ڣҾͻ䶯ὫɽһȫûȥпܻὫǨŭɽͷϣ֪֮ûκιϵΪǻҵĻҵҲҪ
Щѽǡ
û취ڵңҪ׼Ӧһеı꣬Ҳһ߹ģҵļõܸãȫǱһָٵġ
ӷ˵ûԶɽ⼸ӸŮȫǻڳӷǸʱӷ粢ûǸϾɱҲûǸҪΪȫͨˡ
ɻڵһɽ븸ӿɶͨѽҷ£ɽҲʲô
Ļඣ
ЦһҸѦǲܴһµģɽҲżңҽӣӲĶϻ֣ôɽΨһϣֻгӷһˣ
֮ڣɽҡ
ھͿֱȥ
ûǸҪңһܼϾͬһеȴ俪ʼ֮˵
˿̣Ѿȫ˹޳ǣвǣҲȫ˹
ӷվ˽ֵԣҲǰҲˣһɡ
޳ӷ״ֹͣ˽ŲͬʱСʥŮǱҲûǰһ
޳Сӡ
޳һǳǵѻ˵
ڣȲҪȥ
ס
޳֣СӾǳӷ磬ʱǳǺǺ㿴ǲҪȥк
ѧԺʵѧԺҲǺΪ½ɽ׼ҵһԱڶ½壬Ҳǵһǳǵģղòŵ֪޳ҲǳǣȻǸ޳һˡ
ϾҪʼˣҲѾȥˣȥӷкǾʾõ˼ѵͲ±Լ𣿡
⵹ҲǡСӿǸΣǰǳֻһ̫һڻǵùˣӷ˵̫һ֮ѽ
ҿһɣҪɱҲ֮ѡ
ŵĿ޳һۣȻ֪ӷʵ޳ޱȾ֪޳С˳ӷ磬ڴϸӷˣɾͺˣҲͲҪȥ޳ӣ½һǿҲɵ̫ˣԵĻһǳǣҲλˡ
µһЦǳӷڴϽ޳ӸɱˣԼлΪ½һеĵһǿߣǰʮ֮ҲѽΪڶ½һ޳Ƶģ˵˭ڶû˸ȥڶˣֻܣڵ׼ң޳ӵļ壬ûκε壬ҲЩҴ⵼еʵڶ½ѧԺŲģ
޳֣ҿСʥŮҲˣȹȥк
ţȥɣҲҸк˼ұϾСʥŮ
޳ӸûνСʥŮڵĻСʥŮˣΪ£޳ҲѾẠ̊́ȴСʥŮİ£ѧԺ޳ӺǷŭֲö˵ʲô
ѻ˵޳Ϊʲô˵
Ϊ治֪ӷʵ϶ϳӷᱻӷɱȻҪ룬Ǿȥɡ
ףʱ˭һء
СʥŮԱߵǸŮˣһ㣬˵ǸŮ˸ӷһģȫǴһռģһϢҲѾˡ
Ǻռˣͽռˣû˻ܵռȥǾȻ֮ͨţ磬ˢѽ
ö˵ЩϻȻҲĿģˣͱŻȥˡ
޳Ӹѻôһ˵ӣӷ˴ռϢѾȫˡҲûʲôΪӷû㱣ܣںռ䣬ռҲʲôܣռ䣬ô֪ռ¡


2129 ţƸɵƣ
Ƕ½׼ҵȻ޳ӵˣȻվСʥŮߵˣ˵½׼ңȫվСʥŮߵģΪˣûмָ֧ͷǾԲͶһġ
½Ȼ͵巽֮УҲŸСͬǳǰ㣬ѦһϵģҲпѦҲ˳۵ġ
Ȼǳڵв½½СһһˣȫǾסǳǵġĴ½ͲͬˣΪ˺üв˵ܶҲסڳģЩ˵ɣȫǾסɽֵģ¶棬ȴڰ֧һҵȻĴ½Щļ壬кܶССɣЩҲһ˵Ҫĸ½в½СĶࡣ
ΣĴ½ǳǵȷǲ٣ǿҲ٣ⲢĴ½еǿȫˣûôɵȫۼǳһʲô⣬ǾͲܿƵסأ
ʱСʥŮߣ½ʥŮѾǶ½ߵ쵼ˣʥŮǿ˶û֪ǿʧ֮󣬶½ʥŮҲڲ⣬кܶ˶ͬСʥŮŽɫĴڣ޳ڵļ壬Ѿ˻ɱСʥŮжȻзԵͬҲֵ֧½ʥŮһЩϼһԸ֧СʥŮģ½ɽ׼ң֮һ
𿴶½ɽ׼Ѿˣ׼ңҲʥŮϹȻ׼ƾʲôȥ֧СʥŮ
СʥŮʱǰͽСʥŮҲˡҪҪҰһǳǵزѽ
μǳǴģġ
ǣǣǣСʥŮ˵ûμӴġСʥŮ޳ǼһǵĵԽԽˡ
ǻ쵰֮ǰҪ֡
ʲô޳ӾȻô󵨣ʥŮǱߺܶϼһﶼûʱ֣ȻҶ֡ѵ޼ҪŲɡ
޼ĿǰԽԽˣڵ֧û취ڣϵϴξҡ
СʥŮתͷ̣ҲǼټǵŮӣɵǰһ˵˵СʥŮһλǿ߽ѧԺⳡȡúóɼѵλС𣿡
û
λС㣬¡
˵̲꣬ˬԶ㣬һСɱ㡣
˵ǿƣڵɢ˺ü
ɫʮѿ˫Ҳɱ
Ļ쵰ΪСʥŮ⼸׼֧СʥŮĻͲʥŮվסšֻСʥŮһѣʲôѽ
ǷŭҲ֪СʥŮ棬ĳӲֻлᣬҪ̺ÿ
λС˵ûСɫҪԶźáСʥŮ㣬ȻǱҸˡ
ʶ˺󣬴˿̣ѧԺǱߵˣҲѾ˳ӷߣǸһͷ꣬˫ڳӷϲͣĴţ˫ȭͷգ¸¡
ӷľٶǶЦϾҪˣѧԺ˻ѽ
ǲˬ㵱ѽⶼүүԸģǴתתϤһǳǡ
һָߵ꣬ҲǷǳ֣˵ҽлս죬үүǻ
һǱ˲֪ƵģݣȻֱҽܣӷ绹еˣѵһһɻ֮Ķû𣬻˵гˣڻң־ڱصã
ӷҲս콻񣬸ûǸҪҪŪĻֱֻûʲô
ȻˣȻҲûò
ӷսһ֣˵á
ս޼ɵǸռСӣ
ѽҴռġ
ռ֪ռ䣬ռ䣬ռ䡣Ҳ֪ռռΪСģռ䣬ҲǱǺռĴڣͻȻôһռߣƶռˡ
ӷЦѽռȷǳСһҲһ
˵ռһֻһĻռ䣬֪ôģ
ռǰֻһ磬ܶ࣬ȻЩȽС磬羰ͦġ
սӷԼ˵˿ΪԼݽסˣԵķǳ
гӷǰɣ
ǵġ֪ʲộָ
ָ̾ûˣ˵㽨һˣ
ѡ
Ȼ棬Ǵӽ쿪ʼ͸ҰɡһսȻǳǣҵݣȫǵ˶Ѿ֪ˡĻңһҵģֻҪԸңҵСܣгͷһ졣
ӷ¿ЦսĿ治һĴѽʵҲôѽȻСûں磬ȻѾ˻ǵȷģԻҵļҵ˵һһ磬Ҳһѣܻᳬ
ҵĳֻǲֵģû뵽پȻϡѽҪĻʱãҳӷ綨Ȼ᲻ͬġ
ԱߵǲмĿһս죬һԲôӷϻѦŪģɱ˰񽣣ӸҸǿߴսδͳ񣬶ھȻӷ˵Ҳ¸յǳǾĪı˻ɱˣ
һԲɵһЦһЦսɫʱһ䣬ʵӷ磬ˣ
ǰɡ
ЦʲôѵЦôңʲô֣
ԽŮ
ŮܺãҼסˣһЦûʲôùӳԡ
ʵ٣ھͿԸɫҳӷǺģ㻪ٵݣҪѵҾԲ֡
Ŷû뵽㻹ͣʶġȻһȥҸɫơҲԷģһսǶϧģֲ̫أֻǰѵѵذˡ
ս컰Ÿ䣬ৡһӷѾԶˣ˵٣ܽѵҲھˡ
ս´ϲԼүүʵ;ԼǳѦҲȥǳӷ粻ȥɽ죬ӷȴԼǰƨҷţûսˬ졣νʶʱΪܣӷǸѽ
ӷ֮죬ɵĿЦһСӣװˡ
Ȼս쵱ˣ֪ӷ粻ȥƫƫ鷳ҲǸװƵļһһ仰˵ĺѽЩװƽţƣûװƣǾͽɵˡ
Ϊε˵ãĻһеĽӻԭһǸɵƣ


2130 ͷ
ѧ㣬㿴ҪҪܣ
ѧԺѧ³ʲô⣬Ͼսǻ˴ӻģԣҪҴӣһսʲô⣬ǻѽ
ȴһΪ̬ȣ˵Ǽ쵰Ǹ죬ǸĪ֪ðĻսѽ
ѧ㣬˵ģǵȻǸѧˡ
ǲ͵ˡڻҳڲ⣬үҪ¶λ̳ˣսʱ򱻽ӻүǱ߾͵ڱ˾ġ
ѧ˼ǣүҪһμλӴСӣ
治֪үôġսʵĻǽҴҲڿսһɵƣŻҵյǳǾùֱߵϡô˵ǻҵ飬ûϵģǸ˵ʱ˵˵ʱȫұ졣
վڻǱߵģսսǳǣѾѧԺүүҲӻŻսĴתתġɼȻǻս֪֪ߵغǾͲܹԼЩ˲չˣ㵽ʱԼЩˣҲֹ˳ӷѽ
ǻսָһҪɼܵļƣԳʱԵĺ⣡
һŮˣڻս쿴Ҳµ飬ң˵ӷߵļˣҲǴռģʲôռˣȫϰĴڣҪǣͲҪʲô
οսյǳǣ͵һһ磬Ҳǻģɽ֪飬ԼңȻһһ顣
Ѿͷһλô
սԳ˵
Ŷлѽ㵹˵˵ʲô᣿
ҿ㳤ҲͦģҪˣҵŮˣԺ͸һˣһˡһΣղЦ飬͵û
Цһ⻹˼Լǧ꣬ǵһμɵñ
ǵǲˣȻ㻪ٿЦ˳ۣǾѵҰɣұ֤֡
֣սһ磬˵Ͳں磬Խ㶨
Ȼ㲻ӣǾͱҲˡ
ǧҪ
˻һսʱһŭֱһƣȹȥ
վԭأһҲûȴ֮䣬Ѿʧˡ
սȻһأܵȥˡ
ι档
սתŲ֪ʲôʱԼĳ裬֪ԼղǿˣŮˣ治һĽɫ
ղСˡûϵһû
ȻûɡһǾ仰ѵңһ֡
ܶʱսĲоͷԡȻģս죬ûսľ飬ûͷԡ
ʲôˣǰǰ׾ãڤħŮ뵱ͳħ壬ٷսὫһս
ž
սٴγ֣ϣûı߲˵Ľ±ʲôˣ˸Ľųʽһͻزҽһ
ϣ˶֪˸³ԱǻҰӣҹ䣬¶¶棬û뵽ȴֵ֮ϣ˸Ľų졣
սȻŭ˽ʲôʱܹѽǰ˲ǳǣÿҲǹĺģҲ˲ǿȥСҲǸүδܹκείȴ֮ϣ˵ϷŪ
ΧеˣһĻȫΧѧԺǱ߼ѧ쿴ѽǻҵӡ
ҵӣǻүǸҰӣ
ûһˣ˵ǰ컪үѾҰӽӻˣ㽫μλӴû뵽ҰӣȻ˵ûãŵ־˸Ľųѽ
ΧȫЦսʱǶӵվ󺰵ӣҪɱ㡭磬ںϡ
ս쳹ŭˣǰһ
һ硭
Χȫ󾪣û뵽ҰӾȻӵһ磬ʲôЦҲ̫˰ɣǳǣһһ磬֪룬Ҳûȴѽ
һôںϲˣҲǸϡ
費ɵһЦӰһˣһγ˻սҲ֪ʲôͻأս˾վǣһҲˣһ磬һֱǰûиСںϣ
ʱ򣬼ˣڿսЦ˭ֻʱȥģҲֻľأһ̳ս˹ȥ
ںĻᶼûУȸ߼Ҳ˷ѡҰɡ
ľؾȻʱ˻սһ硣֮ǰȥҹģỪһ磬ȴûҵ
ӷľһ磬ľصʧǳڼȻһ֣ǳӷҲȥľ͵͸İɡ
ӷ粻˲ۣһһַ֣õĻ̫ԲԼˡ
޳ӵڶСӣҸĲͷˡ
ʲô
ľ˫ִһӡ¡һڹڱǧС磬ͬһ磬ȫںϽС档
ںϵٶȵͦģЩ磬ȫЩ
磬Ū㡣
ľزûֱȥǸ磬Ȼ޳ѾˣȻҪȽľأȥȡ硣
ľʲôˣ΢һת֪޳ӵĴ㣬Ȼת޳ӳ˹ȥ޳ӸûзӦҪں磬ϣľһתѾ˻սǰ
ûںϽСöģҪ㡣ɡ
ճ˵Ҫ˵磬ǰҪԸˣֱӽˡڣս첢ûˣҲûںϽС棬ǽ˳˵磬ڻսڣͲҪ飬ֱӶȡ
޳ҲľؽȥȻԼѾˣǾҪ־ڱصá
Сӣ
ݺʱСӵȶûȻǰҪ


2131 βܣ
Ĵ½һϲ߼ˣһõһ磬ͲȥںˣΪǾãһǰЩȫ𲻵κεãȴ룬޷ںһ֮£Сڵ磬ǿ˵ʤĹؼ
ľתΣľĵһ޵УʼʺӾްҹټɽݣ˵սֻСƣ趼Ҫ߳౶ôսսԣڵһģͺñȵʱ½ľؽȫųȥʣ֤ľصˡ
޳Ϊ½һеĵһǿߣ˵ȷľ֮ϣϾľصһȫӷ˹ȥûһһ£ľķ޳Ӷ֣ǰܵĶȻľɡ
ǣľԳأҪȡսһ磬޳ӵᣬľؾһ޳Լ·ڼ޳ҪںһСʱľںǧС磬ЩС赲޳ӵһںϣֻҪ޷һںϽС棬Ǿ;ԲľصĶ֡
¡
һ޴ıըľصһӣһǿҵĺڹϿգֻһ޴ĺɫӡ£Ͽֱӳ޳ѹ
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ľصϣͻ˳ڿɲ֮սҪȻǽԷǣ£ֻҪܽսһǾͲ޳ȥںһˣƵǸʱ޳Ҳɵľض֣Ϊڳһľأгӷ衣
ʲô
޳Ӷɵһսĺɫӡսѹ嶼Զһ£һͻûļѾľصİҹѹסˡ
СӣͣҸҲԼķ
ãѻֹ
޳ӼԼľصķѹסҲû뵽ľصķȻϵģΪϵַ뱾壬һ޳õĸо֪ԼԼӦһʼԼķȥӦˡ
ѻ޳ӵĸ࣬޳ӶסˣһССѻֵܵסľء
ǣľؾȻûֱȥỪսһ磬ȫϢİԵޱȣǳ޵еĵһȫĺڹ⣬ȫѻ˹
һɱһһɱһ˫
ľشһԵ֮ͷ˳ӷվһ˶ľԵ͸˵ˡ
ѻһ֣û뵽ľ˵İԵĻȥľأͱľİԵ֮ĿѪ
ۡ
ѻһѪ޳һˣû뵽ӷӦľأҲ֮ǿղִսپֲκٳ˭Ҫͽһ
ѻľصİԵˣľûҪֻǷһЦҹӵʮȫѹס޳ӣֻҪ޳޷Ừսһ磬ľҲûʲô˼ˣ
ľأ֮ǰҵ磬컹ɡ
û뵽ʱ˳ûľأѾӷֹסˡ
ʲô
磬ѾҸˡĴ½Ǵߵǿ̫٣ľҲģǵİվ͸ˡ
һЦǳӷⲻľһһġ
ȻˣǽͿϣҲ
İɣЩ磬պкܶࡣ
ľ֪ӷ粻ԼҲΪʲô޼ɵΪҴ󺰵˭ģڹ
ϣǿҲѽľؾȻƣȰԵ޷ǾһĽɫ
Ҳ̫Ե˰ɣ˵磬š
㲻֪˵СǸӷͬһطģǧҪȥǡ
ռ䣿
û
ʲôʱռôţˣ֪ǰӦȥռתһתˡ
ǰǶռ䣬ռ䣬ΨǺռΪǿȴϣǿͬʱռȻҲǿպǺռռ䣬Ҳһսġ
ʱû˸ȥľ½޳ӶľظѹסˣںĻҲûУǻսʲô𣬶ûںĻᡣ
ľʱҡߵ˻սǰתһֵֿˣһΣ˭Ҹ磿
û˵ǰ
ɻսȴˣ˵Сӣҵ磬ô˵ĸԼһ
ϻ֪ʲô·𣿽ӾˣôŰɣ
ңҡ㡭
ˣķϻˡֻǶһ磬ûɱѾܲˡùɡ
ļ֮̌䣬սǰһ磬̱ľظ˹ȥ
ľؽһؿһţʱʧҴЦһȺûõķʲôʱں綼֪վӸȺԺڵĵطøӻرᣬӼһһ
䣬ľسսһž˹ȥָ˸Ľųʽ
ʧȥһһ磬սɲ֪ȥôʱҲ֪ǳĶ֣ûһ磬Ӵ򲻹ľأ
˫һת²ܾˣս쿴˳ӷ磬ŭӷ磬СӸһģ
˼٣ҿɲʶ
ҹϲʶһһ磬ծͷˡ

ӷһԼû±˶ʲôѽ
ɳӷҲսƽЩʵǻɽôأ
㣬ң¾͵ûȻ
Ȼô
ӷӰһ˻սǰһֱֻ֣ס˻սĲӣֱӾ͸ٴʵȻôأ
ңҡ㣬㡭
ˣҲɱˣ߰ɡ
սԱһһٴһ˸Ľų졣
ģ򲻹类ľضˣӷ֮ɱԼУ²ܾˡ
㡣˵ľ㣡Ҳһģҹ
ս첻ݵָ̡

һҲ磬ҡ
ȷ
ϻɣȻҪġ

ӰһɫĿ𣬲֪ʱ˻սǰûиӷǰֱӶ֡
Ȼ
ûûʲô죬ˣû꣬Ǹҵš
룬ǰʧȻֱϼҡ
ৡ
սھ͸ղŵĳӷһһֱӳβȥһתͷǼ쵰ҵţһŹǵġ


2132 ˼
ľؽҹջأǲмһֵˡ
ռ䣬Ĵ½ǿߣռ䵱ϡޣνǿߣһƨҷŵģһ֣һ޳֮⣬ûһҶġ
޳ûѹ£ӲƶûеһʱȥѻȻѻˣȴûΣգ޳ܲǸζѵûһ磬ԼռЩ϶Ը
Ȼ޳ҲңԼûļȻ³Ǹսһľǳǵ˶ȥ磬͸˵½ˡ
ۿֻʣˣҲѾȥˣû뵽ѻˣƴʱ޷սˣԼѧԺóЩŵرѻã򣬻֪Ҫã˲ܺù
޳ӽ춪˶ˣΪ½һеĵһǿߣȻǳһ˴ĸծʹ˰ݣľرġ
ʱ޳Ӿû϶˵ʲôһ˫ŭ۾ľظӷɨһۣŭѻߡ
ǣ޳ѧ
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ȥܳӷǼľתˣѵȻҵ˸½˻𲻳ɡ
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ıǳѿսǸѽû˻ٱҵĻԼһϰûˣһɽӶңǻȻһҲҪԥλӴԼˡ
սôĿȻҲѧһ㣬þͽųӷ飬ûԻ¼ɣڴ֮ǰ֮ڣҲźá
үүӷ˲ӣǻҷ绹ǲе˵ȥˣ
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ܼû˵ΪǸưͣʮ꿪ʼ͸滪ôˣԻܼҵȻǲҪɵġ
ܼҵ˵ͷֱȥ
ˣɡһһ磬ȴסѾܲˡ
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սһ⻰˷
ʧȥһһ磬ܵõҵĻû
ǣүүģһŬģʧġ
ս֮󣬻⻪ڵλ̾˿˵һңѵҪ˲Ϊ裬ôһҵĽӣǸʲôˣ


2133 Ҹӽ̸
ܼлΪ滪꣬ΪܼңڻҵĵλҲף˵˻ҵĵϵ֮⣬ǻҵһˡ
սΪľض磬ŵĲҳӷһﱨͬʱҪᣬǽҡ
ս˵ʵԳӷǼ˵ʱǸɵƣ˻ʱеͷԡϾǻӣǻӻģһɵƣЩ᲻֪Ҳ϶ͷڼȻѾӻˣǻսҲһǴƴڡ
νıˣ죬սô˵ڻҳģڻҵˣһҲʶνߵ£սһҲû£ھȥһ鷳Ե̫߹Լˡ
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ټģūȻȥѶүġ

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2134 ɱ
ǸףҲ˵ˣϾǻҵļ£ϻᶼ岻֣ƼҸܹܵˣ
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˵ͷ˵ԳӷΪ˵ֻҪǶкô飬ȷһ֡
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ô
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Ͳȶ˵꣬ͻأһѧԺֱֻৡһһ˫ۣŶµȫһ֣Ĳӡ
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2135 λ
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£ֵѾµˡ㣬ҲΪǻҵ顣
Ȼǰһ»ļ˵ĻԺͶˡ

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λˡһǸˣ̫˵ȻҸѾ˾Ҳûʲô˵ġ˲ĻǾһɡ
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㻪ˣӷҲһʱٶ֡ڻǱ߼ȻѾ˾ģҪ֮λӴս죬ôͽ쵶ն飬֦ԣӷڽϾͶ֣ҸΪμ
ľûİ취𣿡
ѽȥ˵үүλսˡԼүүԼӦΪ˽⣬˵飬ܸı𣿡ӷ˵
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ӷ˵ҿûʱ˷ѣһ仰򣬻ǲ򣿡
Ϣһ壬ųӷˣ˵ʹ˭˭ѽλǾ鷳ˡ


2136 
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ѧԺ󣬳ӷ粢ûнʲô˶ۼһ𣬸ӲܾȥңҪȱܿкܶߣӲĴ½֪ҽϵı죬ȫ׼֮ٷɢǰңнҸΧƵĻͷõķ
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벻ܸӷһͬΧңҪӻڲ֣ȻԲֵĻǲҪԼҵκγͻ
İɣֻҪ˵İ죬ȸүү˵ûʵڲͬ⣬ӲҪ֮λǸս죬ֻһˡģԸġ
ӷ̾˿ʵ˵ʵܲ˳»ңӷһĶûУϾڻڲӷ粻˽⣬ǻɽҲֻԼûҪûֱȥġһʲô벻⣬Ǿͱ쵶ն飬ٶȽܣסɽƿסҡ
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2141 ҵһս
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ңÿǧ궼һΣһξòάǧķչôļ壬ҲŵƵġ
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ģ˿̸޷κεķӦ˵Ҳκ˶ģûĸһ磬Ҳóӷɻ䡣
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ڿɲݳӷЩҪսǼʮΣյ飬˿Ĵ⡣
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2143 »ң
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2144 ϻĹƣ
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2145 
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˵ҪϵǳǵĴ½ǿߣ治֪Ԫ᳤ôġӷƥǣҵҲǳѽĴ½һϵûСֱӰĴ½ǿ֣߳ⲻԼԼ𣡡
ܣô˵ӷǳǶ̶ʮ죬Ϊ˭ܱ֤պӷ粻Ĵ½ע⡣ڳӷ飬Ĵ½ҲˣһܴӺĹģδͳģĴ½ҲɵӣȻ뵽ʲôҲضԪ᳤Ĵϣӷġ


2146 ɱǿߣ
һʱܿ͹ȥˣٹһϣǴˡ
ǳÿʮ꣬ͻһĴѧԺ֮Ĵ䣬ҲٰģΪľǴĴѧԺУѡΪѧѧҲϻһΪŵӣҽ봫˵еġѧɱǡ
鷢ת䣬ʮһεԺ䣬Ĵ½룬˵ҵģԴεĴ䣬ͲǳһҵˣҲѡһѧɱûκιϵˡ
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Ϊɱ쵼ģҲг쵼ģԣɱҲһϻ⣬ΪرĴڣеǿ߿˵չصĴڣֻҪûбҵͲ뿪ɱǰ벽ɱ֮أֻгһ˲֪Ҳǹ֪ɱǵʲôط
ΪεرǳǵһиûоԵİʤ˳ӷ磬ϻڷһֵ֮һݷǳ򵥣ùȥһɱǣɱǵѧȫųμĴ䡣
˵ɱеÿһѧԺеĵһǿߣҲûҪμִˣȻǳϻ´ɱеÿһѧһϼʦڳϻùȥɱǵѧȻҪӵġ
Ȼϻ᷽֮ľųЩǳδ쵼ҲǲԼǳǵʱ̫ˣӷԼǳǵǿȻãɱ˳ӷ磬Ҳܸһӷһо͸ɱɡ
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ӰǱԪУΪŵӡδɱǱҵҪȥˣ⻹ǹһѽҲ֤ǳǵ飬ǶôҪ
ãѧȥҵ뿴Ǹӷ絽жȻǳǸꡣ


2147 ǿ֣
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ԭ̫һֻһһģɴѦ߳ʱȴһ磬ɣѦŪ͸ģ
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2148 ޸ĳս
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Ԫʵú飬ǿʧٵ˵֪ЩǳǣɱδͳߵģǲȻǼˣ˵ǿߵʧ٣ǿһº
ӣұ̽»رʥŮԪ᳤λȸˡ
ⶫ½һ뿪½ĴȻҲסһȫˡ
ԪҲϻѦҵ˵Ƕȥ׼һ°ɣ䣬ϾҪʼˣ


2149 ޵죡
컺һǳǵ͹㳡ϣҪһһȵȫǶͬʱҲҪʮһԺ䡣ͬҪģֱڹ㳡֮ϰ̨ȫ˶ۿⳡƴĴ䡣
չΪ˵ͼм߼ƴеĵͼмʲô˺ÿҲѧ߹ڵ㵽Ϊֹ֡߼䣬ȴǲģϳ֮ǰ˫Ҫǩ״䣬ˣκ˶ûϵҲѰ
εĴ䣬ǳĴѧԺܱΪ½֮Ĵ䣬أĴ½ȻǰǳģϾǳٰģĴ½ЩŸԵĿĶҪɱδͳߣҲҪԴϵĹΪء
δͳߣѾ޼ѧԺεĴϣҪսģҲǳӷľս޷ƵľƣĴ½һʱ鷳ˡ
ֻҪ񲻳֣ⳡϣĴ½ҲͲˡȻϵսӷѾЩһѾӷ統˹ͬҪĿ꣬δͳûʲôԣӷҪһСģЩԼļһˣʲô
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ͬʱǳ֮⣬вҸƼҵ⻹˳˳ߣһСӵλá
̫һȹأ̧ͷʣӭʲôƵġ
̫һ԰ھȻ˵ϣ֪ҪӭӵʲôˣѾˡ
һɫӰͬһ޴Ļ棬֮ԱȫɿݣΧһľȫή
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ˣǳĿǰľѦҵȷܰģҲΪˣ²ŻӦ
ţ㻹еӡһ磬ܻѦҵȻǲģϾҪ½죬飬Ķ޵𡣡
ôֱѽһ磬ͻһѦҵģ˵ʵӵһ磬ͿԽһѦˣѵʱ̫ЩһûйҪ½ңĿĺڣʱû֪
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2150 ʱǿߣ
͹㳡Ѿɽ˺ˣϴεĶ࣬ȻģȻĴ½
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յõϢԭҪԸֵģԪꡣԪϷĴ½Ҫء
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ûɱ˼ģҲǳδ쵼֮ءЩˣȫǴɱǳġʸɱǵˣֻû뵽ȫˡ
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ӷ˿Ҳе㲻ˬ̫һЩˣ̨ϻöԸڣȻɱǵѧȻѧǾʸ̨ġ
Ϊʲôڳսϣû֣
ˣһԪⰲŵģ̫һ̨޷ɱ㣬ԲӰǰسǣ̨һʱһͶһݵİաӰĳսϾͻģʱ̨µսû˿ֵˡ
Щ쵰湻ݶġһĳأҿ򴨻᳤һʧ٣ϻᶼˡǰ򴨻᳤ĻԲмСоġ
ڸô졣ӰǸѽһ̨Ǿ鷳ˡ
ӷһ£ڻ֪ɱ˵ʵȴһ̫һ֮ϣҲ˵ӷ̫һǵǳȺս֮ǰҪ취ɱ˵һսźá
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ص˵ͷ˵ҲġһǾͶһݰա
˵ʵڲеĻͽ̹ɡ
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ӷ翴һԼߵˣ˵ʵһĶսɱǵǿ߶ʲô⣬ˣԼս
ڵĴĳսӷԼܳܵסսϳǲѽսҲġ
ҵһ취
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裬ҽŴĵ伮ȫãܷʹһ磬Щһֵ
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ÿˣһԴΪء


2151 ̫һ⣡
̫һЩνǿѾȫλˣǳĴѧԺĴ½ѧԺҲѾȫ͹㳡
Ȼǳǣǳǵ췽ˣȻҲǳǸ𣬸Ĵһг̨˵仰֮󣬴ʽʼˡ
ʱ򣬲̨ܹ˵ЩʲôƶԸȥ˵Ŀ˻˵˼ȫڼ棬һδڶδͳߣȻΪҪģǳӷ硣
ܶˣѾĿתƵ˳ӷǱߣӷڵλã¹ѧԺǶԴһλ֮ϣ˵ҲɢڳӷΧ
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¹ѧԺ⻹ǳ˺ܶ˵ϣӷ磬ʱû̫һ㡣
Ȼ¹ѧԺɵģǸ̫һһҲ¹ѧԺ̫ӵ
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һȫǳֵܵ°ܽʲô˲ġһȺûõķۼһΪʲô𡣡
ϳǲм̫һЩˣǰȷһеĶϳҲǸ̫һֵģʱ̫һǿϳϣûġʱͬˣǰϳ̫һûκεвϳѾӷյһ𣬼˳ˣǶ̫һѦңž޴в
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δء˵̫һŴѦҳ֪ѦŪ᲻̫һʵ
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ȷĻһоͽԷɱ򣬵ȶԷӦǶ䣬ҲûɱֵĻˡ
ǰ涼ǵͼмıƴǸͲö࿴ġǸ߼ı䣬Ӧòô죬ʱڣҶһڵϢҪΪѹ̫󣬸ϢҲźá
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ʱ򣬲ǳӷǱ׼̫һǱҲ׼ţֻ̫һǱߺ̫ѽŸոտʼûʲôȥעĵͼ䣬̫һҲûҪʱ°ɡ
ֵܣ쿴һǱߺˡ
ӷϳ廰䳯̫һǱȥȻ̫һǱߺǳˡ
СӣλãСүˣЩһĸСү
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̫һҲ޳ǲ£ǳλöҪøˣ̫һͲûȥˡ
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2152 䳡Ͼֿʨŭ
Ÿոտʼû뵽ͷĲڵĵͼ伸ûʲô˿ģԣ㳡ϵǣעȫ̫һǱߣӷҲеʶ˹ȥʲô̫һǱߵңҴ̫һĶ⡣
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෢꣬Ȼһпʨŭһɱѽңӷ绹ǳϤɱУڳ۵ģһŭ֮£ռռ䣬ܵ
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෢˵˵߾ߣ浱ǳȥ֮ˡ
̫һʱӸ߿еǸȥ顭һ̫һصڵأϵʯשˡ
Сӣܡ
Ըӷ磬ϻ᲻Գֵ֣֮ˣȻ£ϻȻҪֵģϾǳǣˣԵǳ̫ûˡ
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̫һͻȻһѪӣ˵ģôܻû¡
쵰ðһ˱̬
ѽҲ̫̬ˣһ֮䣬ͽ̫һ˳̫һںĻᶼûУǹϼʱ֣£߼仹δʼ̫һҪȰˡ
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ȲҪ˵ô࣬컹Ҫ񣬱Ȱˡ


2153 ңʨ
ǱֻҪ߼䣬ûӷʲô£мı䣬ҲֻǳĴѧԺһѧμӣĴ½ˣԲѡڳмʱϳ˵һ嶼ûУԶܵǳѵΪ˲μⳡ䲻ɡ
ղǸ̫һ⣬̫һԵ̫֣̫һ֮ϣֵܣϼ϶޷赲ܻ½ˡ
Ȼӷ֮׷ȥΪ෢ʩչĿʨŭ
ʨŭɱУҲ˵һǿޱȵԴĴ½ռ䣬ǲܴڵģΪһռģǱռ䣬ǿʨ۵ɱС
һ෢꣬Ҳ̫࣬ôܻ۵ɱУóӷˣҪ׷ȥʸ෢Լĸ׳ǲʲôϵ
ӷǳǵĶһ·׷෢껯һ⣬ٶ֮죬ѾϻĳϸԶԶ˦˺棬Ǽ෢ѾܣҲûм׷ȥϾ͹㳡ϵĴΪҪģҪɱӷ磬ͬʱǳϻỹҪסδͳߣĴ½˶δͳκεв
෢ǳǺ˦˷Ǽ֮󣬲ûһζܣǵת˷򣬳в½һɽȥ
ӷһֱ෢û̫룬Ҳûн̫ԶΪӷ粻ֱӸ෢ûԷĵϸ֮ǰӷɲڴ֮ǰȸһ֪ǿ߶սһ
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෢ֺ󣬵һ۾ϳ˶ԸҲ෢겢İӣ˵ңʨôһˣôûһ𣿡
ԭ෢ʨȻǶϺңǿ֮һʶ
죬ҿ֪ģҹ棬ҲǷǰġ˵ңҲˣǵĿĲִͬģȴġ
ʨԷǲмѹһ͹㳡ţԭǸһεĴڣǳǣҲһԪ붫⣬ʦȻὫǳǵЩ˷ˣ
ңܹԲǵΪ˼ɡ½ҵļΨûߣֳΪδͳߣδͳ޵ˡ˵ɣң׸ʲô
֮ǰҹҲ˵δͳ޵Ŀ֮£ƵǸδͳ߳һѵУʲôɸ˵ܲɡ
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֣죬ʨӲ֣Ȼ޵浺ңĵˣǾǵģҵģֻҪ㲻ƻҵĺ£ల¡ǰһŵĻͱʨˡ
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½ǺĴ½壬ôô㣬ңܡҪһ£Щ飬򲻵ʱòʲôӦú
䣬ʨҲϻֱӷȥ
һԼ£ѵҪʨ̲ɣȻ֪ʲôʱʲôˡ


2154 ɱӷ磡
ʨĻӷڰһͷ뿪󣬳ӷһʯ˳ɫԵķǳѿ
δͳߣ޵סһȴңͳģ⾿ôһ£
ǿߣȫ޵ʲôԼ֮ģ֣Ȼ½⻰ģǺ⣬״ŶôӴ
ӷԵĴ½˽ģһ½Ѿ㹻ǿˣڵв½ǳǣ½ΪСһЩ½˵ӷ罫Ժʱֽ˵͸˵ǿˣ±˶Ҫ֣ƣܽԼɱǧ顣
ںЩǿ߶ԣʮһ磬ϰĴڡ֮ǰĶǸղǷʨںУСɫĴڡ
뵽ЩӷѾһ־Լǳǣʵ̫˵㣬Ҳڣڽ½ǿ߲࣬ӦûȫǶǸȼĴڣȶҪ߼ģӷдظĳ嶯ˣ
Уұǿ֮ǰȥʮһʲôϰٸǧ
δͳߣͳεģǺ½ѣһϵľУǰĲڲ˱֮ǰƶ޷Щǿ߿⣬ڵ˰˱֮󣬲ܸЩһв˾ű֮󣬲ǿߵжԣһҪűȫȶ

ѽһǰǲ֪̣Լ¶̫ǿˣŻᵼǿûȶűĻᣡ
ӷɲܷ¸ͬĴ󣬲䣬ҪڰнУûű䣬űȶ֮ǰԲܸǿ߲ͻҪúЩһκΣԼʵΨѹס½ϵǿ߾Ѿ㹻ˡ
ң޵浺ϺҲǵķķű֮ǰǲ淢ͻģ鷳ҲҪκһдۣϼҵĻᶼûУȻһҡ
ȻӷĵƣɱȵŲҪǿĶ࣬в񷶦ŻĹ֮Ĺ֮ǿߣҲûаɡ
ʱҲˣǳǱߵĴ䣬Ѿ˸߼Ľ׶ΣӷҪϸϻȥ
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ʲôƵģĵԼ֪䣬̫һСӲסҲӣҪѡһˣΪˡ
ԣ쿴˳ӷ磬ӷ⣬ȴֱȥҳӷ磬Ļӷһġ
ūڣ
컰䣬ͼǰһ棬УһŮֳ
кηԸ
ǱǳǣøղСӡҪ֪ݣľٶ
ǣ̾ȥ
ǳ͹㳡ϣ߼Ѿʼˣһǳӷĳʱ䣬Ҫս֮ˣȻǻ
վ̨֮ϣ˵֮ǰȼı䣬ǳĴѧԺ֮ģҲѾֳʤʤߣѡһѡ߼䣬ڶóһԴһĵҩѡһ
мʤ˵Ҫĵҩ
ãȻʤѾѡʽ߼䣬ҲǴΪڴʱΡһҪظһ֮ǰĻΪεĴͬμӵģǳĴѧԺ֮⣬Ĵ½ĸѧԺɳ˴μӣԣ֮Ҫȥڸ߼䳡ϣǲڣϳѧҪǩ״ˣκһûйϵڴڼ䣬ҲѰ𡣡
ڼ䲻Ѱ˼˵ȴǿѰģҲûֹġ
ˣڸ߼ʽʼһսѧϳΪ¹ѧԺĻͬѧͬ¹ѧԺѧӷ硣

绰䣬첻ӰĻֱӷ̨粢ûֱȥΪҪ˫ϳ֮뿪
߼䣬ҲûκιؿԵģֳʤ֮⣬ֳʤ
ѾڣڼϳˣѧԺͶ¹ѧԺǳǺܶ˶мһĵ
ɩĻ򣬸Ͻȥɡ
ӷ磬̨ˡ
սȺڴ󺰴УĴ½˶ڿЦ
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ȻĴ½Ȼ֪ǰ췢飬ΪҪеǿ߻ɱӷ磬Ҳö˵ʲôһͼӴ׵ģǳΪһķǰ
ȫұ졣
Ѿ̲סˣƽǵһΡ
ӷ磬쵰ΪҪ㡣
һ𣬳ӷݺ飬Ѿ֪ˣȻҪҳӷ籨𣬵ȻҲܣ
̨Ϻ˰죬ɳӷû֣˶˽
òǳӷˣɡ
¹ѧԺ÷˵ǸϽȥһ³ӷ硣䶼ʼˣȥˣ
÷ʦѾҹˡϳ˵ղųȥˣڻûء
ʲôʱܳȥʲô
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ϻǱߣԪʵô£ӷأ
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᳤ӷսǡ
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ʲô
ʱȥɱӷ磡
еԥܿͷӦ˹˵᳤׼
ų̂»ɱӷãС̫ƻˣҲ뿴ô졣
ãϾȥɱ


2155 ش
ӷմӶŽǣԵʮ壬ȫǵȫ͹㳡ȥˣҲڻᾲѽһ֧ڵϣ
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ɱ
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ǰԶϿգһӰֱģһߡ
вûκεķȫɢϢУһϢȫĲͬҲ֤Ѿһһ֣ǵһʱǱ
ӷߣ¶ɵһû뵽ľȻϼһ
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ӷ磬ͷȻҴԲѡ
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ӷ类ˣϼһȻһʼͻе硣
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ϸе˼飬ô˵СǽɫģҲ̫˰ɡ
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ѽʲԷ⣬ˣЩνĳϣҪٵõһһ磬ʲôѣǶδ̫ĽչڼӷķǶԣɱһǧ˰٣Ա˵ֶΣ

Ļݷ϶˵ϻӷѾһ˫ɫĴӷ籬Сʱ˫ͻԶ֡
ˣǸӷǸӣҪԼѽ
֪Լһ磬ɳӷҲĸһ磬ǱС߶ԼȫӷƴĻҲûʲôôȻ÷ϼɻģǳӷǽɫС棬ڲͬС档
ӷ磬ھȷһ䳡ϣҲ
ܣ˵Ҫծ㲻ȫծ廹ҲµϢɡơ
ϸһתԼȥԪǣ˶׼ӷɫС棬СѽȴϣӷȻһϱ󱻺ݺݵشۡһһѪ
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ϾȻ֮ǰİһգҪնȥԲ뿪ǳǵģӦǷֹӷɱֱͨ͹㳡ģ
ߣϼһˣ㳡Ǳߵǿ̫࣬ӲҪɱĻ»ὫԪȫȷһ䳡ҪɱҲ١


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ӷ磬ͷڹָ꣬ҹ
ͣĽǲɱӷĲݵġ
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᳤ܣûнɱסӷ磬ˣ
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ͬ㵽ʲô˼
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ɫС棬С档
ⶼʲôʲôѽʲôɫС棬ԼһͣǴδ˵нɫСѽ
ĻԪǷϻӷѾ̨֮ϡ
罫ӷѾˣҲ˵ʲǫ̂ĸ߼䣬һ¹ѧԺĻս¹ѧԺĳӷ硣
˫֮ɢƣǲµģڳܶ˶֪ӷԶԶڻ֮ϣӣһˣûһʼͽеɢҲûЩ׼Ҫɱӷˣûһӷϸġ
ͬʱߴһͻ֣һŮˣӻ߻߳һ˫ɫ۾ԶԶ̨ϵĳӷ翴ȥ
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ĵѾУЩˣѵӦòķЩ˵ķǸϵġ
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ٸ˵Щеûġϴϻ룬ϳǼ쵰ݺңʹһɨأծҲû˰ɣ


2157 ǿƵĳӷ磡
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Ԫһ˻ȫɵۣδţδѽ
ĿˣСӵСǽɫģ
᳤飬ܿҪȻӷ籬С˱ôһ鶼ûСɣռǱߵˣǲѾȫµС棬ܵǺռ
ռǱߵˣȫµС棿Ȼ飬ǲˡ
򣬱ԪЩȫǿɵģں磬Ҳͨķõ;ЩҪСܷӳġ
˵ռǱߵˣС涼ԸıĻ̫ˣԼռˣռǱߵ˵ϿҲӲмǱߵ˴򽻵û뵽ԼԷͬʱԷȴͼǿıԭͳһС棬Сǿӷ֣Ϊ˽ɫС档
᳤ӷı󣬻᲻ʲô󲻵
󲻵
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СӸܵǺռĴ½Щ飬ǰǾû˸ΪġңԴС֮漴ǿҲ˹Ƕ֪ģټǿߵʧ٣ɣһеһУӷйء
ǧ㳤ϵĻҲûһеһз̫ɺˣڳӷ絽֮󣬺ǿߣĹδͳߣЩȫˣѵֻɺϲɣĸӷһϵû
˵ڳӷ米󲻵ǽһôѵֻռǱߵ𣿱ţռǱߵõ˸ıСķҲֻǳӷСȽǿѣͨռ֮Ź˾Ͳˡ
ûռǱ˵С滹ȳӷǿĻȻǿˣܽɹϾռ䣬ռ֮ѽ
Եռ⣬ɣҲйϵˣʱʱ򣬿Ǹ˳ӷСӣ˵֮䲻ʶ˵ȥ˭ѽʵǸ᳤ѦŪڲµĵεġ
ЩϵĻԪҲʼ½ͲɼȻǿߵʧٶйأغǲСӵġ
Ҫⳡϻɱӷ磬ǷǳѵġĵһսƾҪˡ
϶ӷ˳ȥԳӷ磬ǽʲô³
á
ԪͻһĶ·ֹͣȻ̨ϵĳӷ
˿̣ĻȻ֣ӷֱһжϣһ顭һӷһȭݺݵĻڵأѪ͵˳ȥ
һС
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ۡ
ڵϵĻѪӷȴûֱǰֻվԭأһҲ˫ۿŻղ˵ʲôţ˵ҪծҪƵģôһо͵ˣ㣬̫һЩһԿѽ
ӷһָȫվ̫һˣ㻪һл̫һЩˣҲΣܻ̫Ľչˣֻⳡ䣬Ե̫Ȥˡ
ûУٲǾԶҲˡ
ӷ磬㣬㡭
˵ãȻôǾֱµɡ
ӷһȭͳͷȥ

̫һһһͱɱǽԼЩҲôѽ
ȻӷȻܾɱ˻һһģӷŪ֡
顭
ӷһȭڻͷϣͷֱ̨ϵĵ
һ죬̨ϱͷײһϾҲǸǿѽһײԲġ
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һĴѾʼ𣿻ǣھѾˡڳˣûһսѽԣǳӷһݶϷֵĻᶼľС
ϵεײڻһڵϣһҲˡ
ʱҪ̨ȥֹӷһ̤أָ磬ұɱ㡣
һͣٿӷȫͱˡ
죬ⳡ䣬ҳӷҽ˭˭Ҫ˸û֮ǰͳͳɱͬҺ˵ˣҲɱҲͳͳɱɱȫң壬޳ȥŮˣɱˣЩŮ˵ŮɱˣЩŮйϵˣȫɱˣ


2158 ŵɱ¾ʼ
ӷȻôһ˭Ҳ벻ģϳǣҲû뵽
ѵӷҪж֮ǰЩȫƷˡ
ԳӷԸ˵ȻѾŵ飬ǾƲȥƷģһƷ֮ǰİţںܶ෽棬Գӷ綼ûкô
⣬νƻϲϱ仯ǰŵپܵļƻʷʱҲòЩŵ˸ıԼ֮ǰļƻ
ɣʨĳ֣ѾóӷļƻıˣӷҲţǿ߻ʹȥǼȻв½ҲǵĿģ
ҲԼԼģӷ֪ԼڵﲻԣӷҪٶȣԼչ˿ӣܲͻʱҪǶŸɣˣҲҪȥĻᶼûСһԼ鷳ԼΪؼġ
ȻǺǿߣóӷ˴ļƻı䣬һֱ̨ӽİһ֮䣬ֵĻᶼûˣ⻹гϻᡣ
Ͻɱӷ磬ǷӷˣӷҲ֪ϻѾ¶˾ҪɱԼ̨ϵô仯Լ̨λһôǿƸ߶ȣͷϻԪĴһ֣ɣӷĻᶼûСԣӷҪΪǿڳϻỹδ֮ǰ̨ϵЩһͳͳǵһùġ
һָ٣ɱ٣
δй˵ǿƣȷǰĳӷ磬ʵԼǿĴڣڱͱӣʱͬˣûκλӷȥͱ˵ĵӣΪȳӷĵӸճʱ˵Ѿһٰѵ̽˳ӷš
һֻŲڻͷϣڲܳӷôѾû˿֪ˣ˵ѾǰˣֻҪӷ룬͹㳡ϣûܾȻ
ҲڣǳǣһûУңѾ䵽У̫һǱȻһҲѾˡ
հɡ
ӷ粻̨̫֮ʱ䣬һ֮⣬кܶ˵űԼɱɱԼ֮ǰӦÿǵ˻³
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һǿĻ棬ڻȼѾһˣڽˣܵõһ磬ڳӷ磬Ǽĺѽ
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޳ӵˣǫ̈̄ϵһУ⻹ڱ𣬸ɱѽʬ޴ɱˡ
ɲ֮䣬壬ȫյˣһʣÿһԴߣ٣Ҳڻ屻̨֮ϣһǻС棬ڶȻǻһˡ
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ӷһֻţֱӽСС棬ǿ󣬾սȥҲܴЩһҪǿһ㣬ӷɲ˷ʱ䣬ҪĻԪЩС棬

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ȻҪϻᣬӷһնûУɼȻѾѻˣǳӷȻеġ
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Ĵ½ֲɵӣΪǳǵ£ЩȥƴǻһôľУ˭ѽ
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2162 һ
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ղųϻҪֶԸӷ磬ϳ廹л˵ѦŪһˣϳӷղŵĽ˵ʲôûˡ
ҪսսҳӷҲûѦŪ

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2163 ҹ棡
ӷ磬㻹治һšһ֪˵ѦүӸѦܵˡ
Ӱۼʶ˳ӷֶΣȴ˵ĻӣǵԶԶ˺ܶ˵пڹ֮ϣȻǹѧܸѧãνǰˣɱǽѧǳҪ벻̵ģһˣһˣһǿߣҪɱǵģҲ˵ӰпܵõһЩǰЩɱѧûеĺô
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磬ʱѦŪûг֣Ѧӵһչֳ
ȻһȫȫںϽС棬ǻҵͬһ𡣿ɺܿ죬ӷǲɵһѦӾȻں֮ǰȻ⣬ٳ֡

ӷ´һѦҲǸװƵѽһȻӵһ磬֮ǰǴδչֹһʵģһ磬͸ӷͬļˡ
û뵽ѦӾȻӵһ硣ֵܣһˣ˵Ķ֡
ûɽڣûաǻ˰ɡ
ʱˣ򲻿ܵˣЩˣҲԲŹӷġ
ӣֻһˡڶԷ֮䣬ҹеһ磬ӷ㹻ʵǰƥˣӷ籾һ磬ټҹģǾʮһˣ
ѦŪҲͰ˾Ÿһɣһ̫һڣӦþͰ˸ʮһ磬ѦŪԲǳӷĶ֡
⣬Ҫҹ滹ļ
ӷ»ԥҪ֪ĿǰҹһĴڣӷʵǲʱΣ֮£ӷûѡˡ
ܺãȻҪһϣұȫǡѦŪҲˣȫӳɣҳӷһҲηġ
ѦŪޱ䣬ĵӷȻ˵ѵʲôԼ󲻵ĵƲɡ
Ԫ꣬Ҳû뵽ӷˣѦŪǳǳ֮ĵһˣԪ궼֮£֪ѦŪʵһôĵزһˣҲ˵ġ
ѵӷ磬ʲô̲ɣ
ԪѾվɾʱ
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᳤Ĵ½ˣȫˣԪȻһղһֱ̨ϣĴ½ˣ
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ãҪ¡
ԪɫһƬ࣬Ĵ½볡ȥˣ񶼲ڹ㳡ϣһĴ½ҵһᱻɱġ
˵ڳӷ磬ϾδͳѽԼв½ò׳һδͳߣʹ˱Ĩɱҡ֮УǾ̫ˡֻҪܱס񣬻а취ӷϵģʮ꣬ȫɳֻʮʮ֮ڣͳһ½в½ҲΪ½֮ףĻᣬԪŹ
гϣȫ汾񡣡
ǣ᳤
ϻȫǸԵ볡ȥʹĹ㳡ϵǣ֪ʲô¡
̨ϵĳӷҲʱһоǱҪ⣬Ԫ䶼˹ȥ֪ᷢչʲôģԼҪȥĻܻġ
ûʱȥ
ӷ̨֪ٴˣҪȸȥУΪǿĴ½ôǿߣҲ·һġ
ѦŪȴȥʲôδͳߣӷʱ뿪ҲǾԲܵģԭѾ̫һ˿Ҳӷ磬뿪ŶûС

ӷ磬ϷĸС
ϲģǰ쿴ͲŸӣȻҪҾҪ
ӷ绰һתϳ˵Ǳ߳£ϸϹȥ
ߡ
ﲻõģҴ̸֮ȥġǼסеҪҪпܸǣԲܸĴۣҪס񣬲Ĵ½˵֡
˵ãϸϹȥֵܣԼҲҪСһ㣬ҪӲƴ
ҹ棬ӷ籾ԥڵͲݳӷκԥˣҪϽҹѦŪǸ㶨ȥǱߡ
ҳ

һǿѪ⣬̨
ѦŪȫȥЩˣ֪Ĵڣӷ̫ҲʮּҲâͬһӷĵȣ̫һ֮䣬ͱѹȥ
ѦүӣӷǿޱȣǸ͵ֵס
ȫϷˡ
ѦŪ˫һţɱڣǫ̈̄ڵ̨֮ϣʣ³ӷѦŪˡ
һ𡣹Ѱ·
ӷ磬Ϸǰ㻹ûʸ˵Ļ
ǾԿɡ
塭
ѦŪӷĵܻ棬漴ͼһµŮˣ˵֮УŮˣѦŪų֮̂µ̫һѦӣѦѬǼġ
ףеŮˣԺǿߡû뵽ϴξȻӷշˡ
ʲôǿߣ
̫һɫ䣬Ϊҹˣû뵽Ȼ
޵Ůսҹˣ


2164 ߱䣡
ҹԺ⣬ǰϳӷ۷ʱܶ˶Ѿ֪ˡŮԺʲôطû֪ϺҲҹڱӷս˵ġ
ڣ̫һȻһھ͵޵ŮսţһҹΪˡ˵ʲôֻҪеӵˣĵɡ
ڣʱ˶עǫ֮̈̄ϣӷѦŪһսĻȥһ̫һѽ˵Ǿ仰Ҳͳӷһʶ˶ѡ
еҹ棬ѾܻţҲѾ˹

һҽУڵвͣĻص棬ȴʲôֻܶǿҹʹӣյ
쵰ң޵ǾԲŹġ
еĻ棬ôǿ󣬶ֵסΪǲǲ񷶦һ룬ǿ߶ηĲű䣬֮⡣
ɲ֮䣬ҹ˫ţ˫Ѿվֻʣһû֫壬ҽҲԽԽ
ѦŪ֪еĺŮ˾ȻǺǿߣϳӷڷѦŪһʱ뵽˳ӷĿġ
СӣСԸϷϷǲġ
ѦŪȻһ̤أΧһУȫ㳡ϵǣҲǿĳȫȥܶˣѾ˵ϡ
ɡ
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һ޴ıըͣӷȥ
ӷѦŪѾ֣ɲվѦŪĿǰһ绹ûѦŪ࣬ҲǴ򲻹ģڵô˵棬ӷҲܶûĹ֮ѽ

֮䣬ӷѾ˵֮УѦŪȴҴ֪ӷʲô
ħȫȥסϼһ
ӷежħȫȥԸѦŪĻԼҹ֮ҲļȥǱߣ̫ʱѦŪϡ
һֻֻĶħСӵг˳ȥʱ֮䣬㳡֮ϣռݡ
ǶЩʲô
ģǺҪչˡ
ɱ
ӷڵһ£֮ˣͳͳɱ⡣
еĶħȫΧסѦŪĶͽɱǵˣѦҵȫΧ
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ֻѦѬѦ̳ǰȥֻȫɱɶԴԴϰ㣬Ѧôɱɱ֮ģγһ֧֧ľӣͣӵӿ
ѦŪһĻ˫֮дżݵĲ⣬ûĳżп
ѵǴ˵еĲ
ѦŪ뵽ˣżصĲ˵بžʹڵģһĹһͬڵģӵŲߣبûˣǰһǱǲ
ΪҪǣһѣΪһģһã߼һ𣬲بŴڵǿĹĴ½ͬʱֵģ񷶦
ӷ磬ôӵв񷶦
ѦŪʵ
ӷҲһ㶣û뵽ѦŪȻ֪񷶦ɾ֪ôֻҶҹ磬Ҫÿ
ҵ飬ʲôʱֵϼһˡ
Ĳʲôϵ
ѦŪ˻һѦǼȫ
ǰĺ½һǿߣҲǵڰε½ͳߡ
ӷȻйϵⲻѽ
ףʲô񷲻ģСӾԲˣɱ
ɱˣ˲񷶦֮ͬ⣬κ˶ǽȥġ
Сڶảǿߵ磬һɹǾ鷳ˡ
ѦӣĵģѾ̫ˡ
ֻеĻ棬Ѿȫҹգҹһ仰Ҳû˵ˡ

ӷΪԾҹȻӵһ磬ȶֻһһ磬ǳӷʮһһˣҪɱһѦŪǻһ
ѦŪǾ͵ɡ
ãһ磬һᣬǶĶ֡ˣû뿪
ܣⲻ̫ˣ
ʱǳǣһɾ޴𶯣𶯣ȴκɵģӲǳӷɵģǡ
Сӣţˡ
ӷԺУ˲
㲻ڱչ𣿡
Ѿ㳳ˡ
׷ʲô£
ǳ𶯣񷶦Ҳ𶯡
Сӣȱܵе磬̽á
ʲôʱãҿûʱ䡣Ǳв
ʲôʱˣЩС¸ϸ񷶦Ѿ˱仯
ӷ˶һ
񷶦˱仯
ʲô˼
ʲô̽ã׼߱䡣
񷣬߱䣿
ӷеͿԼղſûо񷶦ʲô仯ģôʱв߱ء
㣬˵ģ߱ˣ
бҪڱôڰ㶥סڵϾڲǲ񷶦ˣֻȶ񷶦Ͻ񷶦е߱䡣
һԵ𣬶⣬Ϊıưԣ죬䴴߱ݺᣬ˱޵Уű
ǰʱ䣬񷶦Ѿ˵䣬䴴ǣӷͲⴴ޷ɹֻȥȡ˵ˡ
񣬲Ȼ˵񷶦Ҫ߱ˣ߱ݺᣬֽӷĺôӷ粻֪ܲлᴦġ
Сӣǲǲ߱ˣϸ
ãһ硣
һڵ֮С
ʲôһ
ľǣȲ֮߱ٸ
ӷ˵ͷһɫС棬ڽɫСڿٵȶ֮ӷҲûȥʣµһˣüĽһʧӷҲʧ˲񷶦
ѦŪǼӷͬʱʧˣһʱ֮䶼Ī
ӷأ
ѵˣ
ղǲĻһǽ˲񷶦ڲЩʱĴ½ѾȥɱˣϻȴȥˣӷʱκεطǾȸȥɡ


2165 ͻ֣
ӷ˲ãʱĲôѾվ˵õλããҲڷı仯һΣԲα䶯ΧĻһĻĻķţ·ھµıǨӺĳʼֽ񣬵һĻȴڳӷúֹͣ
׷ʲô£Ϊʲô񷶦ʱе߱䣿
ӷеƣʱҲûʲôرѽ˵񷶦ǲʲô¶֮½е߱ģ֮ǰ䶼һ
˵Ҳ֪ôĿǰ˵Ҫò߱䣬ٻҪҲ˵Ҫõʮһ磬߱ġ񣬳ȥڵеһһ粻˵ʮһ磬СԲʹĲ߱ġ鷢̫ͻȻҲ֪⵽ôһ¡

ӷһҪĲ߱䣬˵ҲҪʮһ磬Լڲʮһ磬񷶦Ѿе߱ģҲ֪ԭ
Բ⻰˵ǰǵ˵ھűģ˵űδȶͱǿ߸ˣڵ꣬һҲųɰǧɣǵҲûӳѽѵǣڱǿ󣬲Ĵ󲿷һ磬ȫǿûһǲôҲضˡ
ӷڿɲĵȥѯʲ˵굽ӵŶһ磬²񷶦Ѿڷģı仯߱䣬ҲѾڽˣʱ򣬳ӷҪʲô
ڸô
߱ĻֻҪеȫ񷶦УͿɵ߱ˡڡ
ͲԼ۾Ļû˵꣬񷶦ȴڲͣķű仯
Ϊʲô⵽Ϊʲôһû񷶦ɲ񷶦ȴڲͣı仯Ͳϳѽ
Ҫеȫ񷶦ɲ߱䣬񣬳ӷʲôû񷶦ȻԶ߱䡣
塭
ͻأһǿޱȵ񷶦ôͬʱһ˶һǳӷ磬ͻûʶ񷶦жôǿ

һôӷ磬ӷһԣ˵СӲҪˣ۸𶼵ֵס
ʲô
һȻô۶ֵסɳӷҲûожôǿѽ
Ǵģ
ʱ𣬱Ļ֪
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ɫޱ䣬˵ǺĹ
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ӷɫʱһ䣡
ĹڿʲôЦϴγӷ˴ӺĹǹѾʧˣңǹ˵й涨ʱĳ֣ԺĳʼڣҲͳֹŴΣڶ̶̼ʱٴγѽҡĹϴγʱû񷶦κεĺô񷶦ûʲô춯ģֳˣĹ񷶦ء
Сӣ񷶦ԭǸĹһͬϵģ˵Ĵ½Ĺ񷶦ͬʱֵģ໥֮ǺģϴκĹʱ񷶦ΪʲôûԿ϶ǣ걾ڵõ񷶦֮ǰĲãĹͳֹ
˼˵ںĹڰ˴γڴ½֮Ĳãŵõ񷶦
ûҲΪˣ񷶦Ϊʱ½ͳߵġ
ɾĹ񷶦ϵǺĹʲôط
ϳȥ
ʲôһҽһҳȥˣǰɣ
ڲ񷶦б仯ͲҪκо潫ᷢ춯صĴ£ϳȥһ¡
ӷͻȻһֲԤУԤУóӷĶͷ϶ð亹
Ҿȳȥʲô·
ӷٴοһõı仯ȷԶУϵĹ񷶦
֮Ŵ򿪣ӷֱӳ˳ȥɳ͹㳡֮ϡ
ǳǣڷ𶯣𶯣ԽԽǿ󣬵ڹ㳡ϵˣȫѾɢˣûһڹ㳡ϣͬʱǳ֮⣬Ѿ޴ɱ֮
СӣϷϸ߿ա

ӷҲԥղ˵Ȳȥܳ⵽׷ʲô£ǲѾĴ½ֱӷ϶߿շȥ
̫ˣ
ӷ綼Ѿ˼ʮˣȻҪ
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ˣĴ½ɱȵ㣬ǿǱȳӷʱĸ߶ȻҪߺܶѽ
ȷҪôߣǿֱܻ뿪Ĵ½ġ
ֻߵĵطһۿ½


2166 
ǳ⣬˶ۼ˶ŵмλãĴ½ǰһһȺ˸ΧڣȺȻǲҸƼҵˣо
ڵȴųӷһڷͻ䣬ɱȥû뵽ȳӷۼĴ½Ȼȫɱ˳֮䣬ͽԼ˸Χ
漴ԪϻĳϣҲ˳ǣĹ˾ۼһֽĴ½Χסˣһڿʱγ޴İΧȦ
ѦҵɲȥЩһǺ޲δͳ߶һöûУ˵ʵĴ½֣εѦҲᶯֲġ
ڼȻԪµҪѦҲòϹǿɲϻᷢĳͻҲ뵽һĴ½һĻǵʱܱһ½֮ĴսǸʱ򣬾ѦǳϣҲҪȵֵסͬĵˣΪڲìܣǳǱˣ
Ⱥôĵӣҳ˱ûʱδͳ֪֡δͳ߽δ½ĵһǿߣǶ½𣿡
½ʥŮЦһ˵بѾ˰˸ͳߣÿһͳ߳ʱͳһ½˵ʵ½ͳһǼ£෴½Žһ໥֮䲻ᷢκεĳͻǣÿһεͳߣȫĴֻ֣ڵĴ½ǵһεĶɷǵڰ˴εĲ𣬶ǽԼĴ½ĴӪе棬ҲǳĴ½½Ǻ֮֮ȥһǿķƳ˵ľƣ˲ڳˣԣ첻δͳǳв½Ƕ½ŵĽһġ
˵Ҳûһͳߵĳ֣֮ش棬ҲǺģܲԼļ磬ȥܱ˵ļɣ棬ҲԼˣԼ磬һĸ½棬ͻٺܶˡ
ܺãȻǶ½Ѿѻ˵ϣҲͬ뷨в½ǳǣҲûҪǿˡ
Ԫ꣬һҪĻǾ͵ͬһʱ䣬Ĵ½в½˵Ĵ½һв½ҲǵжԲסġ
٣в½ĵϣǵҲв½֮һٶˣġ
ҲѾ˵ˣĴ½ҪɱԪҪһ͵һģң֮ǰӷһҪվĶ࣬Ͼڵķķ½ÿһ½в½֮ϡ
ԪڶĲҲ֪Լв½ԶԶ½һսһ죬ûκصˣԼв½ӮҲǵֵסպķ½ǿƽġܱס񣬲ӷĿƣֻһɳԼв½֮ˡȻôЩ꣬ÿһУŲֶΣҪ񾡿ɳҲǲܵ飡
Ԫ꣬ȥһ¡в½ķԷģķԲɵȫģǶǳǲԶֻ֮Ҫһ£ķͻֱǱǳǣȽǳɱһ顣
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˶һһѽһץ˹ʵҲˣΪʲôɱ
ңҲ֪ѽǵȫ¶ˣһ·ûֱӾͳɱˡ

ϲ½ǵ͸½һģ֮½½Ҳˡ
ѾͷڸʲôΪʲôֱɱ˹
ķ½֪⵽ôһ£һɱֻ˵ͷ֮˲ȽԼ¶ˣûص֮£޷ǳǰɱ֣ǸʱǳǵľһУĴ½ЩҲֵסǾӵһ
ڣһص¶ķȫ¶ˣȫɱ˹Ե鲻ˡ
ȥǡ
Ĵ½ͬʱԪȴЦ˵ѦӺڣ
Ѧ֪ЩѾԼ˽ˣֻǰԪ᳤кηԸ
ѦӣȫҪķ½Щδǳǣһ롣
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ѦӸһ˭֪һɾ޴𶯲ǳڵ𶯣Ѿ˿
ַʲô£
ԪļΪѿΪʲô֮𶯣֮ǰڵСҪǿϰǧѽ
ϣܲ½ĵϣѺۣѺдСܶطѺ۶ǷǳϸСģκε⣬в½֮أ֮أֵѺۣȴֱֿӴɽķȥ


2167 ߱ʧܣ
в½ǿҵĵ𣬵ɵƻᣬʹһɽ嵹һĽʧһƬƬɭֱΪƽأǳǵĽʮּ̣ǿֵܵס𶯣ѷûдǳǾҲǳӹһٰɣв½ɾҪһˡ
б׾ͱضȻⳡв½ƻΪֵ֮ѺۣѺоȻ⣬ּһİѺðۼʱγһޱȾ޴ɾ޴γһ㱣Ĥ㣬ⱣĤ֮£ʯ׹䣬ٸв½κ˺ˣ
û֪⾿ôһ£ΪʲôͻȻǿҵĵֵɴδģ˵ԺĳʼҲûġ
ѺðİʲôΪʲôγǿ·أܵеĹȴΪκã
߿еĳӷһĻķ˼ǴסˣȻóӷԾԵģǳ𣬶ǵֵ֮ѺۣѺðİ
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ӷû˿ԥ˵磡ǺĴ½ĳʼ硣
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Ĺ֮γռܱɣռռ֮ףĴ½Ǻռĵһ磬˵Ĵ½ĻɻĹ֮γɵģҲ˵ĹȥģĹΪʲôĴ½ĻײͲö֪ˡ
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ѵ˵ʲôöء
öղŹ񷶦ǻĹ֮һ룬ͲҪκ£񷶦߱䣬ѾǼ˸ˡ
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˵û񷶦ÿһ䣬ͻ֮ǰҪӲ౶˵߱䣬Ĺ֮Ҳ޷κε˺ֻС£߱䣬߱ݺᣬ֪߱ôʲô𣿡
ˣֱ˵ɡ
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ûǴ磬߱䣬ܸ磬ô綼ܹƣֻҪóһܸ߱Ƴһͬ磬ҲΪʲôղŽһڵеԭ򡣡
˵ԺҪһжˣ
ȻǲܵģΪһֻܸһΡ

ӷˡ
һܸһΣôֻһڵУҪ֪ЩںϽ˽ɫС磬ȫᱻ̶ģͲóˡ
Сӣղŵ⣬֪ᷢʲôͻ䣬ȡȫڵһǿУùĻԼԱŽһġԺֻҪõһܱʲôѽ
ȷ߱䣬𶼾̫ͻȻһ;ʲô⣬Ǿ鷳ˣҲԷһ
ˡ߱еôˣ
ͻȻһ䣬ʲô£ΪʲôĹ֮ͻȻֹͣã
ʲô£
ĻջػĹ֮ɲ߱仹δɣʱûлĹ֮㱾ֲ㹻ǲ߱ͽʧܣһʧܣ񷶦ͻģ
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ͻأӷֻоԺһƻڿʼ츲أ񷶦ʼζ
ͬʱӷĶһĽһóӷ⣡
ôܳˣ
ৡ
Ͳȳӷ練ӦѾΪһ⣬ֱӳѺȥ
Сӣǰѽˣ̽ãҪ˵񷶦ȶ


2168 ʥ٣
컯ΪһŻ棬ڿв½֮ϣв½ⳡɫԽԽѿ
뿴½ƴɱģⳡķѾ಻סеǹɳ嶯
Ӻǰ½֮ϣΪģѰһʲôԼԼȻĺǿ߷ӿǱضǲСӵģо͹ϵ˺֮սǺͣԴ˷˵ǷԼӦһֹսԼ˵ĻҲ˵󣬻½ֻǷԼ˹ϵսǺ֮⣬ϵĶ
˿̣ķķǽţһ˫۾Ķ޴Ѻۣ˵ѵңҵԼ𣿡
챾ֱӳȥģһ룬ǿԼֵסģһȥ޷·һԼٹǿҲѻʯѽ
ʱһ⣬˹Ȼתңʨ
ʨ˷ǰԶ˲ûֱ˵Ǹһ޴ѺۣԵĳմ
ʨѵ£ңΪ𣿡
ʨı飬ԣⳡʨҲǲ֪ġ
ңûǿ֮ˣԭʧĺĹٴγ֡
ǺĹǺĹײŲ˴ĵ𣿡
ӦûഫռʼʱһǻĹŻ磬ڶǺĹʥ޼ļ߲ʽǲ񷶦Լռбı棬Ҳȫģ໥֮䶼ŹУһͬʱһطͻһ޴ѣ
˵ռγɺ󣬻ĹŻɺռγ˺Ĵ½ĹҲĹŻǣ׹ںĴ½ϣԼͬںĴ½Ų֮ͬǿȴ֪䣬Ӧûǰһ𡣡
в½˴ĵ𣬾ֻһԣǾȳͬһطԭֵĺĹҲ˹ۼһѾͳˣ
Ȳ˵񷶦ʥ޼߲ʽȻںĴ½ǺȻںĴ½ѾͷˣŻ
ɫһ࣬˵ѵԼв½ĵص£ʱƣĹŻۼһ˺Ĺ
һġ죬Ҷ֪ԼһôıǺҲΪһǧǰһսλԼǩֹսԼŴġ֮໥˳ۣңҲ㣬ֻҪԼϵԼĨǾͻܵԼĽͲܷһս򣬺꾡٣С澡𡣡
˼ǡ
ҿȻڿԿ϶ۼһһԼΪǲȥҵԼǧǰֹսԼĨأĻǾûκι˼ˡ
½ĿľԼȻԼѾˣȻҪȥġֺԥ˵ʮˣλڣ뿪սֻҲˣǧǰλΪʲôҪԼǩֹսԼģǸͲĸԸģΪʲôҪû֪ȥԼϵԼĨλ᲻ᶯŭ
ô˼Ȼ뿪սͱôࡣ˵ԼǩֹսԼλԸģĨԼҲλɵģЩµ˸ɵģŵʱλ֪ˣҲѾ̫ˡ
ˣλܽӽ֮⣬ˣͲܿһĹһõӡبĹߣͳͳȥ޻صġ

ʨһ£˵˿ܴӺĹų
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ûǳǽгӷСӡ
Ҳ֪ӷ磿
Ȼ֪˵ǳӷǲ򵥣лӷ磬ܰĻһѡ
Ϊʲôȥǳǳ̫һԭ򣿡
Щ£ǾͲ˵ˡҪģҵӷ磬ǽ£ȡԼ
ʨԭжԵȻڴͬһע⣬Ȼ˹ͬĿģھʱǵжԵĹϵˣҪҵ֮ܿ˲С
ʱһ⣬ľ޴Ѻг˳ֱʣͬʱһϵŭȷ
ʨʱȫһʨͻȻһ̾ڸ߿йɫһ԰ףȫһǿѹסˣʱɥ
ʥϢŭ²֪ʥ٣ղţղš
Ҫˣϣֱ֮в½Ͳߵˣ


2169 ۣǿߣ֣ͬ
ǿǰΪߵĶֻ·һ·֮·
¿ʨûҪˣѺ֮˶ӣΪҪҲһ仰飬ӵĺǣҲûл·ġ
ɷ첻ͬʨڵĺӪԭǵжԵĹϵʨв½ܵĻᶼûУԷ֮ǿסв½֪ǵǿһôĵز
˶ŵʥӢزɱСɫɣ
ǰȻҳơӣλƽǵĽ̵̫٣Ǿ̵̵ɡͻȻǿһȴѹڷһ֮ϣв½ȫɢȥʨһѶͷϵ亹˵лʥ֮
ʨΪҲ֪ڴʲôע⣡ԼȷѾˣҪ㣬ǧҪֵ̫飬򣬵ҿԴһѧԷ㡣
ʨæͷ֮н죬ȫλʥһǧǰλʥͬٺĴ½Ǹʱĺʮһͳ죬֮Կڶ̶̵ʮ֮ڣλ֪Ӻζʥռʮң֮һʨֻһͷճõСʨӣȴõλʥΪǧһеٮٮߡ
νһɽݶʮҲӣ˫֮䶨һĵزɾںҪռһսʱԼͻȻ֣Ǹʱ򣬸û֪ʲô£ӾȻĲʣ鲻Ը֮£ԼǩֹսԼҲĺƽ˽ǧʱ䡣
ǧ䲻Ŵȴڰжչڣ˫ְܹභĸоǱѰֵǷԼֻҪԼǩµֹսԼĨǺͿȫ濪սĺˣ
ĺʮڽǣ˫ռ䣬ռΪǿȴĲ鲻ԸԼǩֹսԼһκ˴Լ⣬úʮôһˣ
Ϳ֦ӴʲôУʮ½֪ЩǶôӴȻҲ˰಻סģڵ֪Լ½֮к󣬾ͱŸԵӣǰ½ѰԼ䡣
ȲܺЩжӴ󣬽½ʹ˷ָˣҪ½ѰһǺεȵ£Լռʼʱ֮һڱıڣ˽˱ղȻᣬҲóҫģĹϵǺ޵Ǳ߾һ취½ԼһУӮʱǶԼԼģֻҪԼһǾͺðˡ
˭뵽ԼȻв½ĵص£һĹ֮һ𣬲˺Ĺ֮£ʮǿ޷ĹŻ磬ȥȡԼռ䣬ܿĹŻ֮ҲͽɡӦˡ
ʨҳӷص£ȡԼû뵽ʥȻͻȻ٣һѾв½ĵصˣʨΣ
ʨɲڴ˾һʥ涯ŭǾԼһҲģԼ֮£ǹʱ䣬ʥ뿪ɡ
ڷ죬֪û뿪ˣɾҲܶԵ˵ͷ
챾ɥڴˣҲǺùġΪδͳߵû֪ĵھڣûеǶһǧǰ뿪һͳġһνͳߣ½ڲΥԼԼ׳뱾˶ԿɻƣѵǾͲ𡣡

ѺһЦ֪˿¡һͳߣ޵Ŀ֮¡ֺηͳȥɣҹⲻĻӦ޵Ѱһʱ¡ͳ߷ųⷽͳͳͬһӪġ
һ⻰ǴΪԾ£Լ޵Ļܣҹ涼֪
ʥȻͨѽԼ޵˻֪ܵӣûʲôĹġûĹϵûͳߣǶССֵģĴսںⷢ½ʵ̫С򣬺ӣҲȵʱ۶½ˣ
ʥʥܿϧԶˣΪӵеǺĴ½ĺʮɱӵеȴǱ鲼ռ䡣ǺĹֵİ˸½ͳߣǺõ۹ôۣǲϳϷˣͳͳҪ𡣶㣬Ҳһ³
𣡺ܿϧԶһˡ
ʥ䣬ͻȻߵĸ߿УһʥµѹɲǼ䣬ͽʥѹڷϵƳˡ
ʱһѪǿԼһ֮ȷǲѽ߶δɱ⣬ԼС棬֮䱻
ۣαظЩСƽء罫һȥҪ㡣
߿еһ䣬ʱһ߲ʹâֱӳѺ۳ȥ
Ҷˣѵʱ
ˣϹϾ߲ʹâл˾֮
ûˣȥɡ
ǣˡ


2170 ǿԻ
ڰĵؿ֮Уѽ
ͬµͱ֮ϣΰӰ䣬Χ⣬ұЩȴ޷˵·η㣬˵ԱƵС
ҲоŰû˰ɣ
Ҷһ߲ɫۼǶҪ߹Ϣۺޱȣ̼ɱǧ˵Ҳգۼ¡
˵ʵһֱ㣬֮ܶҲ֪ȥ㣡
̩ɽǰ治ɫ̬֮ռ䣬̬ҶģҲͽһ˶ѡ
Ҳ˵ʵû֮ǰռ䣬һ½еġǰǰһսһŰǰһսΪԼĹϵûдŰһ뽫δһս
ҶҲһӣҪ֣˶ͬһʱУܿϧҪĻƲ˵һ仰ġ
ˣǷϻ˵ԼھŰǰǩģ޻ʣһ꣬һǧԼϵԼͻԶ֮ͿԷһսˣЩһҲҪЩֶΡȻԼǰһ֣Ǿ˵ԼϵԼѾ˱仯ֹ֮Ҳ˵һԼǰʧЧһо޹ˣֹǡ
˵ģھŰǰ飬Ϊռʱճ⣬ʹӷǰһǧռ䡣
յռʱ۾ͲһǰδǱֱȥҵ˺Ĵ½ĺ⣡ӵԸۿˣǸǿߣҶ
һǧǰ۸ҶֻһΣںĹУǸʱҲǸ˴𾢣һ֪Ŀռ䣬Ĺǿռ֮УǣҶںĹߵס
ɲϣǳۻҶ޷״ܶԷһƽ֮󣬾ԼһоսҲʮʱ䣬˺ʮĴ½㹻ҶˡҶҲǸС֮ˣûΪĵ̶ŭʮֵ˷ܣҲǿ޵УĶ֮ļ󲻵İɡ۵Ҳָо
òףһԼսʱ䵽ˣڳ۸ҶҪչսʱû뵽鷢ˡ
ǸʱͻȻһˣм䣬ԼĶԾ赲֪˵Щʲôʹĳ۸ҶͬԼǩֹսԼһǧʱ䣬һǧ֮ڣ˫ɷκεķҪΥˣضɣСĻǱԼ֮˵۸ҶηԼȻǴӦ˵飬ܷڡ
ڣʱֹ۸ҶҲ˵ֻԼʱһͲٹˣʱܳ۸ҶҲ֮顣
Լǩһǧ꣬Ǿͱ뾭һǧŻٴγ֣ڣžŰʱ䣬ԼȻǰˣΪͬʱһطԭҲΪԭɵģЩڳ۸Ҷ˵ͲǸ¡
ȻԼѾǰֻ֣ԼʧҾɾŰǰһսˡռ䣬˭ǿһϾͽ֪
ҶһЦؿǶ
˵Ҷ֪Լʲôʱʧʧ֮ǰһҪسŵġЩôҲܣҲܰɡ
Ҷûлش⣬ȴ֪һЩҶʱĶ
˵ڶʮǰԻĹ֮һӣ
֮ǰ⣬Ҷ˵ɳ۵⣬ȴҶһ˫۶ʱ׹⣬׹ɲǼʧˡ
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ҶѽҶȻǴֱʣȻԻĹ֮һӡ֪Ĺ֮ǿңƿزˣȥһӳѵͲµʱ𣿡
Ȼ˵£ȻаյģͲҵˡ
ʵҶ֪ںĹһսƽֺ󣬳ȥ֮˳ȥ󲿷ĻĹ֮򣬳֪Ҷʮǰɵ£Ȼ᲻ܵģԻĹ֮һӣǿǸвѽһɳȫƿס˻Ĺ֮Ǿ۸Ҷ֣Ҳδ֣Ȼǰǣӱ뻹Ҫõ֮һܳ¡
õģ˷ǳ󷽣Ķֵģɳ֮ǰ֡ǡ
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ŶʲôԤУ˵˵
ҵԤǣԻĹ֮Ķӣпڻδɳ֮ǰͱɱˡ
ҶЦһ˵ۣ֪˼˵ӣҲѾ˼Ӱɣ
˭˵׼أҲҶӻӵҲδ֪ѽϾӿܶһеǶȴز죬һУ
ۣȻǾӦý̻ȥһԱ֤ʱˣҾԲǨŭļϡ
Ŷ㻹ǨŭҼ˵ȥ˼ûǸᣬ治һ
Ǿưɡ
ҶתҪˣȴЦҶǧǰһսҵ˿Ȭˣ֪˺ûУ
Ҷ˫ٴ¶׹⣬ųۣĻ쵰ǧǰ˵ôأôôȬˣѵʲôɡ
ҶѪʱеңɫҲ΢΢԰ףٿۣѪͨ˳һ¶ûУ֮䣬ܺԸоԸڵѪƻõʣҶȴˣ


2171 
ӷʱ񷶦ǰδе𶯡
Χĵ棬ǽϣȫһѺۣǰҲһΣǲأþǿ޸ġڵΪ߱ʧܣ²񷶦ģ͵߻ħ㣬ʱֹĻǺ󲻵ء
ڸô죿񷶦ѾѺۣöҪˣ
ǰɴδűУҲûʧܹ治֪Сǵ˼ӵù鶼ĵ
ȷӷĲͬǿԼĲģӷΪŵ²񷶦ҽб仯ģȫڳӷĿ֮Уʣӷʲô
˵ЩûõģϽ취ǲ񷶦ǰˣھͽȫ񷶦
Сӣˣ񷶦ģֻǲ񷶦ڵһˣϵ걾һȫǿ߸ˣôǿ񷶦ѽ
ڸô죿ȥ񷶦һᱻԼټ֮ǰĻĹ֮񷶦ضġ
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¾ֻһ취ˡ
ʲô취˵
취ʵܼ򵥣ԼղҲѾ˵ˣԾԵȶ񷶦ȴǱһ˵˵
ǻϻʲôϽѽȫӳ
Сӣûô򵥡ǽӳ𲻵̫õģҲֻʱȶ񷶦ò񷶦ܵԵƻҪ񷶦ȫȶǾͱҪһʱȥȶҲ˵˵ڲ񷶦ͣһʱ䣬ʱڣ˵;һһȥɱ£Ǿ޷ȶ񷶦ˡ
ʲô˼еڲ񷶦ڣô
ûҲ˵뽫ĽɫСѪѪԪأڵĲ֮ôڵ֮ͳͳۼһЩǿȥȶ񷶦ңʱ֮ڣǲڲõģҪȥһûУֻ·һڱôۣĴڣҪ뿪濴Ų񷶦ȶһ񷶦ȫȶͿԵһʱ֪ͨ㣬ٽãջе
˵ģóӷǾᡣ
Ҫ֪ǺܸӵģԼĵʵ̫ˣȲ˵ǳǵѦңϻᣬĴ½ҪɱҲضҪɱԼģʱǳӷıʱеȫڲ񷶦ɫС棬ǳӷ͵Ǹͨˣһͨˣһûеͨˣ뿪񷶦Ǿ͵ڳȥġ
һ룬ղ˵ȥǲ񷶦һᱻģǸʱԼ̣ûвűҲ·һ
Ҷһβһء
ӷ¶˾ģΣҪȫˣãһȥͻᱻ˻ɱõĻܳŵ񷶦ȶҲ񷶦һȶл߱ġ
Ȼû취Ǿֻˡ
Сӣûκεѡ񣬳취֮⣬·һˣûʱ˵ʲôջزø
˫һϣøͬʱ
ôۣһΣǿҪˡ
ʱҲֻˡɣ𣬽ҵȫӳ

һɰԵޱȵһɿޱȵͬʱڲãһõԱĻ
Сӣ㻹ʲôϻĽɫС棬Ѫ֮֮ѪԪء
ӷݺҧȻһ𣬽ʢɫС棬ӳӷƳ
Ѫ֡
ѪӳӷͷͬʱӷҲ֮֮ȫڲôۣѪԪأҲʱȫð˳
Сӣ˵Ҫţȫ
Ѿеȫˡ
ѪӤٽеķȫһһ㣡
ʲôҵķҲҪȫ£
ϻⶼʲôʱˣѵʧȥ񷶦𣿡
ðɡŴĵ伮ڳǣ̻
ʱ֮䣬Ŵĵ伮гӷзͳͳˣǰЩͼķӷܾûùģϺĹеõǼҲȫˡ
ٽ㸸׵ʥУ֪ͨϱĻƽ޽ľصİҹҲȫ
㿪ʲôЦһ˵ĻҪǵҲȫĻǾʲôûˣʱֻվű˴򡣡
Ҫɱ㣬ǲ֪ܵѽ˵ϻϽ֪ͨǡ
ӷ̾˿¿͵ʴˣԭΪҪԼκ£ͿĲ߱䣬ڣ߱ʧܣҪð˴ķա
ӷҲûѡѽʶ̸֪ͨľأܿ죬ƽ޽ˣҹҲ漴֣ʱľûСӷҪ跨ǳʲô£ľӷ໥˳ۣҲܷء
񽣣ҲѾӷ绽˻ӷ粻֪֮ǰΪʲôԶܵв½ĵȥɼȻڻˣ񷶦ַ£ӷʱȥ롣
ˣʣ¾ͽǰɡСӣϳȥ


2172 ǿƱƣ
Ѿֹͣв½ΪⳡȫӣԭɽΪƽԭԭƽԭγɽΨûܵӰģֻǳ˰ɣǲɽҲһ롣
ƻᣬʵǳⷽ˵ûκεӰ죬෴ΪƵĸı䣬ķ½в½֮ǰ˽ȫıˣ·ߣǱĵص㣬ͱλãһеһУ˷츲صĸı䣬ϵЩССѺۣһСģͻȥҲʹв½ǳǵĵ˲ҹж͵Ϯǳǡ
Ȼ⼸㣬ǳǷȻܷ̾Ӧֽ֪ĵƶԼΪⳡʹǳǸ쵼ˣǳϻᣬ޾ĵǣԭҪĴ½ȫɱǳ֮ģҲҶˡ
ķ½ЩΪвɱǳǵȫ˲ͬķλΪѺ۹ȥΪƵĸıҲһʱ֮䣬½еȫֹ֮ͣǰƴɱʱ˶Լľۼȥ
Ԫǳǵȫسǣʱʵڲ򣬾ǳǵľķ½ĺüܻԿġ
ǣԪҲģʱ䲻ȥĴ½ɳĻĴ½ĴģͬʱǳǣǳǾͽΪվ֮ˡ
Ԫ᳤Ĵ½Ѿ˳˰˰ȴûоʹȥǲĵģɱûһȥ
ѦӸմžɱ˭֪ķ½ȫѾˡ
˻س˵ĿǰǶ֪ʲô£ⳡǵҲСҪȰģܸĴ½⡣
Ԫ˫һתȺıУҲͷ
⣬ƼҸҵȫ𱣻񡣻Ϊڲδȶʱҳϻͳ죬Ѧңӵɢķػǳǣһе㱨
ȻԪİţҪӷĿƴѹӷǳǵ
ȻԪİţ˵һҵԼᴦͲͷ᳤ˡ

Ԫŭһ˵룬һСƨʲôΪгӷ㣬Ϳ޼ɵˡ㣬ﻹǳǣҳϻỹߵ쵼㡣ֹؼʱ̣κλҲӵĻǾͱֱ㲻ˡ
Ԫ᳤Ҳ˵һΣǻҵ£ͷ㣬Լᴦ
㡭
Ԫ꣬Ϸ򿴣ڲڲìܵʱķʱпܹǣǱҪһģܽ˴ˡ
ѦŪ˵ΪĹϵѾ˳ӷ磬ڴֹͣˣķ½ȴûȥʱģʱһǳڲĻǳ
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ϵѾתԲǣ˭ġ
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⣬ȫǿ߶ڣ壬ӣȫѾϹˣղҲķ½ɹһȴûһ˼ӷӰ
ˡ
ѦŪһ£ѦҵĹܼǰүкηԸ
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ƼСѵӷΪ裬ǳǲɣ

Ƴ飬ҲǺȻүү˵ѦŪⶥñҲ̫˰ɡΪѦƹܱȨſڴƻƣҺƼҲǺ۸ġ
Ƴ飬ϷֻҪӷϣӵ飬Ϸƽϡ
ȻȻѾӷվһǾʹƼѾΪѦңǳϻһ˼ǲԺƼҶ֣պҲǾݲºƼҵģ㣬ѵƳ᲻֪
ٸϷϻҪǱҺƼҲǳ԰׷ġ
㡭
ѦŪںΣʱڲභҲֻƼһʱˣӷҪˡ
ϳߣʵֵܵȥˣ
ղžյ˳ӷʶŴĵ伮˹ȥȴ֪ӷʲôط׷ʲô¡
֪ȻӷʱҪŴĵ伮Ǳض˴鷳ϾľأҲ֪ʱ֣߳裬İҹӷȥǻȥ˾ĵ伮ŴľصķȥˣضС
ܳˡ
ʲôֵܳʲô£
Ŀǰ֪ӦòΣա
ϳɫļΪѿڣ֮ǰ˼ͽһ绹˳裬Ҫ֣ҲѦҡ
Ѧ˵ףӷԲ硭
ҪʲôɣǧҪڲңҪɱɱСɫͿˡ
ǣ֪ô
ѦӶϳǱߣҲȺм䣬˵ţǲĻڽӷ罻
Ѿʲô
ϳѾͲסˣѦЩ쵰ӷ粻ھţղųӷɱʱôǽѽ
ϳ壬ȻҾɱ㡣
ѵһ㲻ɡ
ѦӣԴСֳ
ϳǰһڰԪضʱ

ʱ򣬳ǽ֮ϣӷ֣ȴվһҲ
ȫسȥûҪЩһġ


2173 ƣ
ӷʮֵƣۿ񷶦ҪһˣŸͬʱõҲǰϺüʱƫƫͳ⣬ĳӷҪеȫڲ񷶦ȶ񷶦궯ڵ²񷶦ֻԵƻ
С涼ûˣʱĳӷһͨˣ˭һߣ׽ӷɱʳӷܲƣӲܸѦҶԿˣҪȣȲ񷶦ȫȶǸʱҪѦҺÿ
ӷڲѦҶŸɣѦҾͻŹӷģ
ѦŪѾѻųˣ죬һҪȡӷȻӷѾ֣ѦŪȻǵһʱҪڳǽ֮ϣ˵潫ӷС
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ĳ֮ǰʶ˳ӷǿƣһĻ˵ôھѦŪһˣӦò̫ɣһҲͲҪȥˡ
ӷǲͣĳľʹɫľĻҲûӷȸܵʱ򣬾ٴǣҲ벻ӷԼѽ
ļһؼʱûһõġ
ӷıѾð亹ѦŪѾ˳ӷǰӷʱܣǾ͵ֱӸˣԼѾʧȥеǸʱҪѦŪһ¹ѧԺ̫ӵһԱҪԼЩһҲضԼһŻὫԼնɱ
ܣǲܣҪ֮ǰǿѦŪ˿Ҳַʽһʱ䣬ֻҪ񷶦ȫȶǳӷʲôõˡ
ӷ磬
ѦŪǿѾɲĳӷ磬ɲκεСʱǷϣӷˣѦŪҲѾ֪ӷӵһɫıС棬ǵȴѦŪǰδģеĻǽľԼˡ
ӷѦŪ漴ӷֱӾתȥѦŪ˿̣ǳӷ˵ʱ
һС
仰仰ӷڻҵʱҲ˵һоͽǻҵɱˣղҲһнɱѵӷ绹뽫ѦŪҲɱɣǳӷɾǳǵ֮ĵһǿˡ

ѦŪһЦûбӷ⻰ŵϾѦ֮ǳǵĵڶǿߣڰʧٺνǵһǿˡ
ӷ磬ٸϷס֮ǰϷ֣ǿ㻹Ǹ˲ŵķϣΪǳáɽ죬һУѾϷ޷ˣȻƻ䣬һϷȫ˵ǰǶӡ
ϼһٸ˵ϻҪ־ͿҸղ˵һУһУ֮նɱ㡣
ĿԽԽˡϷ뿴㵽ʲô̡
̣޵
ʲô
ѦŪ˶һ̫һҲ벻ӷȻͻȻôһ仰⻰ʲô˼
ӷɲɵ֮ǰ̫һ˵ҹ֣һҹΪˣ˵ʲôȻ̫һ޵йϵġѦŪȴ죬̫һһһ磬˵ʲô˵ѦŪ̫һǴĳЭ飬ѦŪ޵ûֱӵĹϵҲ̫ͨһ޵ϵġ
һ棬ӷѦŪ˼֣׳֣ΪѦŪ֪ӷ絽֪ٹԼ£³ӷᵱڽԼ˵
Ϸ˵ʲô
ѦŪ仰ӷڸӿ϶ѦŪ̫һܣǸ޵ûϵйϵ˵ôһ仰
ϼһʲô޵ҹ棿
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ҵģҲ֪ҲܣϾһϵûСҪ㣬ҹ棬Ѿˡ
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̫һ˵ҹ޵Ůսѽ֮ǿ䲻˵Լ֮ϣ㲻ԼҲӦòȥɡӷȴ˵ҹˡ
ϣϵ֮ǰҾѾҹ棬ң֮ǰãҽҹˣеһ磬ҲΪʲôҳٵԭѦŪ˵һ߰˸ڣҶҹһ磬Լģ಻٣պʮ
ѦŪԼĶ䣬ӵеһ磬ȷӷ˵ǰ㣬ӷʮһ磬ǽһսĲǳӷ磬Լ
оѦŪ½ˣӷһĸˣϼһȻúƣ仰Ҷˡ
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оģΪҵֻնɱͬʱ֡ڣɡ
ʱ֮䣬˶סһӷʮһ磬㹻նɱѦŪѦŪһǳǿɾҪˣԪ꣬ѦŪʣв½˭ӷ翹ġ
ڳҲû˿ӷ⣬˲Ǳˣľء
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С꣬ãԳӷԸնɱϼһʵ˵ôϻǳһɱӷ磬֮£㹻ʵǾӦϼһնɱ˲ǣӷվһѷϻȴٳٲ֣ѵͲ𣡡


2174 
ǳϸĹ۲ųӷ磬ӷɫеѿ¶ЦҲʮǿǿЦЦǷĵģȫװģѾ֤˳ӷڵ飡
⻹ǳ֮ǰŴĵ伮ȫ˹ȥİҹҲȥˣѦŪֻϺ꣬ȻһҲɢûоκεڣԼѦŪʱҲ˵ѽ
ӷǸеˣǰǣҲǣ㱾˺üһҲɢѽ
ӣСӵǳ⡣
ľʱѾ˿Ϸı飬ӷ⣬ѦŪ·һģȻ˵裬ȻŶԷ飬ڵʱľؾѾˡ
ӷֻһζˣȴûκζֵ˼ǷѶšľأȥӷ罫ѦŪ
ľһܲмӣЦȻҪװƣǾװװɡҲȥƻĺ¡
ľأⶼʲôʱˣɲҪԼʹӷ£ʱôʦ
ѽ⻰˵ľصȥˡľҵ۵ĻͲܴǳǣΪ֪۵䣬ľزŻǳǣȳҳӷġ
ӷǿɾ鷳ˣԼʹڰиӷɳ˵ǸʱѾȥˣӷҲѾˣɾٳ죬ǿˣ鷳ʱľؿɲܾһϷԼҪʲô
ڵʦϣҽΪѰһѡȥЩһھͽȥҵסѦŪȥһȫĵطóӷе˼Ҵĵط
˵ˣȥɡ
˿̵ѦŪǱӷһᣬܿ죬ѦŪͷӦ˹ӷôö֣Ȼ뷨
ʮһ磬ϷҲվôˡӷ磬ûô磬Ϸ򻹻ɣ֮ǰһ붼һĿԲŲ˵ڡ
ѦŪֻϺ꣬Ϊ򴨵Ĺϵ˳˳ϻᣬʧˣҪΪǳǵĵһ쵼ảŻĻϷʱ˿̣ô׾ͱӷƭˡ
ѦŪֵĻ;ܷûǸӣٸ˵ϻڿûʱȥкܶµȥء
ӷ绰䣬ѦŪѾоӷߵˣҲѦŪӿ϶ӷղȫںԼġ

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ӷ˫ķǳѦŪҪԼˣԼȴһ㷴ضûС
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ӷ磬㻹ʲôϽ˽ǳǡ
ľҲʱ֣һֱ̫һ̫һΪľصĹûļɱӷ磬ܿ죬ӷѾ˳ǽڳȥϳ嶯ˣҲѾ˳ӷΧ
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Сһ㡣ֵܣߡ
У̫࣬ǼǾԵסġ
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ӷھһ׸㣬һ˶һˣ׷ɱĵʵ̫࣬ճ֣׷
˵룬ֵܾͽˡ
أ㲻Ķ֣ˡ
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ӷڸûʱ˵ʲôȻ̵𣬲ظȻһһߣųӷˣӷȴۿϳһһȫ˵ϣǲѦŪǵһҪɱĶ󣬼кƼҸңæȻӦòΣյġ
ѦѬӰȺ֮УߵһʱͿ˵ڽֱߵԪ죬죬Ҫ
Ԫ죬ɱ㡣

ѦѬһԪ˹ȥԪȻһһĻӷҲѪӿһֻ֣˵ϣԪĲҽ˳ӷĶС
Ԫ졭
ֵܣܣסұ𡭡


2175 ȱ
ӷ类Ӳһ̳Ļ֣ҲҵĲҵνΣյĵطȫģʱӷ˸մӺĹгҲ¹ѧԺûбκ˷֡Ҳ벻ӷǵƤӵתơ
ڰ·ϣ͸ӷ˷ֿˣΪӷԪֱѦѬĻ뵽ȥˣûõ£ͬһ˰㣬һҲϻץˡ
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ʱţҲѾĻҲѾ֪˻롣
ӷʵôˣ
ɫѿ˵ѽ
˵ϳǲǳ£
ȫץˡǼˣҲץˡ
裬ľأ̣ȫץˣ
»治һ鷳̸ľصķӷȥȶ񷶦ˣûз֮£ǵȷǺѵֵֵܵһôǿߣгϻѦңҲûõġ
Ԫأ
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ӷסأ˵ڳȥھġ
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ӷںͷʹɲռ䣬ϳȫץӷ˵ûκεˣ֮ǰڲɽƤҲ֪ںδȥôЩɲҲһʱ̵飬ƶԳӷǾԲģ֮⣬ӷڻҪȱϣлȳϳǵˡ
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2176 
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²أųӷ粻¶档
ֻʮʮҵأЩСɫػӦġ
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أ·㲻ߣ㴳̫һ£ѵ㻹Ѳɡ
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ھɱң򣬵ʱһɱ㡣
ӷһʵҲӷһСȻ㲻˵Ҳǿ㡣ˣȥÿġ
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мѧǽǳǵģҲۼʶӷڴɱֶεģǵȷǸΣյԭ½ҪɱӷģΪӷ̫ǿĴ½ŷġȻڳӷʧǳǵնɱӷһǳõ£ҲΪĴ½һδв

ʱһѧܽӪʣƷǳӡ
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ǣѧ㡣


2177 в
ӷ豾ͲѣǳӷںĹȹ迴ӷҲıǲɽһΣ֮ǺĹǴޣ߼һ𣬿˵Ǹ˾޴ĴˡϾǱ½һеĵһǿߣȴڳӷǰֵĻᶼûУִ˵裬ƻκһ˶ܲ˰ɡ
ڳӷѣǱǳǿ׷ɱò׽һһȴΪϻѦҵĹϵȫڳӷû˿֮£ҲֻεȥҾȱˣ裬ǳӷǰΨһҵľȱ
ȻȻӷҪǱضŰյģ
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Ѿͻǳǵطߣһ·ɱҵ˱½ľۼ㡣
ǣΪһ·ƴɱϵҲѽ
ڽӪʱÿ߳һһѪӡʱ򣬻ѾֲסˣѾȥ
ϸˡ
ɲȥܻںģǴޡȻ˴޵Ϣ;Բû
һСʱƣȶΪ϶ദ˺ۣмˣ˿̵Ļվվˡ
ޣǳֵ
ڿɲ˿ķϻҪżɽԼĿ˵Ϊһ̣Լͱסˡ
֪
ڳֵѣȫץ壬ȫΨһϣˡ
޸ҡ
ӣ֪Ҳ˵̫࣬ԼҲҪֱӽ˵Ļ˵ҪĶҪ֡
ã޻һ仰ϴ챱½ǳǣɢǳڵȡʱ䣬ֻȳֵָ޶黹ġ
ƾʲô㡣ӷԼȴҲûޡ
Ѿ˵ֵѣʱȫʧûǣԲҹġ裬ǸˣӦ֪Ȼֵǰ·Ŷֵ֮£æģܰǣ˵ǴޣֵܾʱҲΪǱ½
ӷ綼ѾˣȻ˴Ŀ
Ǳ½ûȥǳǣϵһĻǵҲѾˡԳֵܵʵ˵Ҫȹһεѹأǳǣв½ǳֵܵ£в½Ҳɳֵ
һ£ȷ˵ûӷʱѾչֳˣȻԼûйȥҲ˵ӷɱһľƣ
Ȼ֪ӷΪʲôͻȻʧȥеɼȻӷԼæǾ֤ӷʱһָָĻᶼûУӷҲûҪԼˣѡģ·ߡ
ӷڵôˣʵ
ǺܺáǳǣʱΣաǳ˵ȫץˣǻңƼҸңҲȫˣ˵ǳǣѾûκܵˣҲֻ֮£ֵܲŻǱ½æġ
˶٣˵Ǳ½ܰǳ˽Σ˫ѣǱ½鷳ǳ˶㾡ȫġ
˵Լ֮ǰӷԼ˵ĻӷǾ仰򲻵ǣǲ˵ģΪѾˣһв
ߵһŮѧ˵ӷв½ˣһǳΣյǳǣǶǱ½½Ǽ£ûҪȥ
ȷӷκһǼ£ô½ΪʲôҪȥȳӷأһޣҲ̫˰ɡ
Ȼ£һǲܾڣ½ǱߵǿѾ·ˣɽѧԺǱߵ쵼ˣб½쵼ȶǿ߹ǲӦȳӷ磬ȴŵĻǶҲǲġ
ԥЩѧܸѧҲԸȥӷӣ֮£˵֮ǰֵҴһ仰㡣
ʲô
ֵ˵壬סģպ󲻹ʲô鷳Ǳ½ʲô鷳᲻һеȥǡǱ½βһԿϷĻôֻȳֵܵһָȶǳǣưв½ֱǱ½

ߵŮѧŭӷ綼ѾҪˣȻ˵ֻ𣬸вˣ
ӷҲδ̫˰ɣѾѣȫʧвҡ


2178 رϣ
ɲ£ԼѾˣ˵ʣ°ˣûʲôµġ޷˵½߳ĻǾֱˣҲĻǳȥѦǵ
ѾֵܵĻתĺҲǳֵܵԭǱ½ܰĻǳֵȻмǣպʲôæҲԲܾģᶯһеǡǲεæǳǳֵˣûκηĻˣһ˿ᣬֵָܵˣǱ½ңɽѧԺǳֵܵһҪĿꡣ˵ɱѩǣ˱ȣŮ٣ǸոճӤһҲ
˵ʵЩڻдЦĳ嶯ҲǵһĻԼ½Լ½֮󣬻ҪѩǣǸЦ
Ȼ䲻ʱҲ֪Ҫ˵ˣ˵ˣлأһġ
裬Ҫˡı½죬ֻҪһ仰óֵǷһ飬ѩǳΪֵܵһҪĿ꣬Ȩ
Ļ˵˵ǧҪС˳ֵܴܵǼ˴ӺĹĹЩūκβǿߣҲδаɡ
ȷںĹһУɶǿġ
بܹŴӺĹԼҵЩȣҲǳΪ˺ĹĻū𣬿ӷںĹڣȴЩūη壡
ѧ㣬Ҫһ˵ӷôֺαء
ι˵Сӣ˵Сһ㡣ֵܲûǣҪǡ
ѽ˵ô࣬㻹ӷǵĻǾԵ̫˰ɡӷв
ãҿ԰ǳǣǳǶֵʱ䡣һ
˵ˣ֮ǰֵܾѾµҪʲôˡ˴֮⣬ȳֵָܵὫӡӻһ㡣Щǰ˵ģӵеӦú
û뵽ӷȻԼҪʲôµˣǼһﻹ治Ǹ򵥵Ľɫѽ˵ΰпȹԼڱ½ĵλϾ½ҲңļɣǸŮˣһҲһһʲô⣬Ǿͽû䡣
Ӫ֮ڣһŮѾ˾ıʮѿ˳ӪʣӪ֮⣬һѧ˵ϴϢȥ˵Ҫǳǵĳӷ磬һӷĳֶǱ½Э顣
ǣϴϢȥ
Ҳһ˹£˶ģÿһ½ѩǶһʱ֪
ǳǳϻᡣ
ѾڵǸ˰㣬ûеõ˵һ㷴ӦûС
ӷ絽׶ʲôֽţΪʲô
᳤ǲҵơЩΪ񣬲군ˡ˵᲻ԭ˵ģ
ⲻܣǧһΣǰֵֻʮΪȴǻԾԸǰͬ
ʵǻɣ񵽵ǲδͳߣδͳߣΪʲôǳӷֶٹ죬Ҳ˰ɡ
Ԫ̾˿˵ǧ㣬ȥһ˼һҪϳǵĿ׳Ϣӷ絽׶ʲôֽš
ǣϾȥ
ҲֻϳǸӷߵҲϳӦû֪
ҡ
رץ󣬲ûиϳǹһ𣬱ϾǲҵˣЩҲ̫ˣȻǱҲˡ
ǲڹ˳ѦҵĻǰҾ͵ûҲܱסǲһŵ
ѦңҪշΪԼѦõģô˵ҷҲһ޼ѧԺʵ䲻ǿҲеġ
ޡ
һĭ˹ȥ󺰵ҪǲѦҵĹΡ
ãܺáҵ뿴ĹͷӲҵֶǿˡ
ǣ
ҽСӵĹͷȫϡ
ס֡Ѧӣ㲻Ҫ̫

ʱ֮䣬ҴһҽеصֽȫˣڹҲ˺üͨˣˡ
ѦѦӣ㣬ҵţ֮ңҲضٱġ
ҽ
ѦȻǰһƾʹ˲صľֻ¸죬ֱӻ˹ȥ
ѦӵһƣֽǣȫĽȫˣ
ѦӣϷƴˡ
㣬ûʸ񡣹
顣
ѦһƷ˱˵ǽϣһѪ˳


2179 ƼҲѣ
ҷһһû֮£˵κˣ޼ѧԺ
Ƽҷ棬ҲӸŰΧסʱѧԺǱߣżҸҵڿţЩƼҵĵϵԱȫʱѧԺ֮ڣûκһ˳ͲܸƼκε֧Ԯˡ
ڳϻ֮¶˻ңڻɳϻԿƣûѦҲֵĻᣬѧԺȻҲڳϻĿ֮£ˮµˣȫѧԺڣ˭Ҳ֮ǰҲѾع黪ңڻڻĴ֮£ѾƼҸΧ
һǾӣⷽǻңйżҸҵ˵ĺƼǴȥûκηˣϾǳǵ֮һҷֻǷ˲أ˲ûнҴǳǸᵼ³Ļ̻̣ҿסɱ˳ӷ֮ǳǵΣ֮٣á
ҲͬǣƼҵҪ࣬ϺƳҲȲҵҪ࣬ԲǳϻᣬѦңںƼң̫ˡ
ȻѾżҵͻ˺ƼңҲǸƳѣȻץȻҲضɱƼˣƳ಻ĻãһҷǲңǺƼҵǰ֮
үүɱȥɡ
Ȼڵ֪һϵеϢ֮ѾͲסˡѧԺȫƣǱһϢ˵ӳȥˣȴ֪ʱȥʲôԪ죬ϳ壬ȫץ˵³ز࣬ԪǱѦѬһֻ֣ϳڼﱻ˫ȣڳӷˣҲˣ˵ոսĳˣ̶̵һ֮ڣֱӱˡ
ȻĿǰλãõϢܾûгӷϢɣǳϻỹѦңûҵӷ䣬ֻҪӷ粻Ǿͻһ˿ϣ
˵û뵽ᷢչزӣǺƼѺˣ
·ȻѾѡˣǾ;ûкڵĻᣬЩһǿڿкƳͶҪܵʲô鶼ûƼҵֲɵӣųϻѦԣ͸˵ǺƳˡ
飬ȻѾѡ·ǾͲҪڣҲûкڵĻᡣҪģǴӷϢӷָܻĻǺƼҾͻϣ
ѽڿɲǺƼңܶ˵ϣڳӷһ˵ϡ
Ȼ˵үүףǷġֵһġ

˵ʵȻڶûκεĵӷָܻʱȴѾˡ
죬ϳǾͽնǸʱҲԼƼҵĴ֮
ǺƼѾŰΧҪ˳ȥϢǲܵġ
̾˿˵Ψһİ취ƴһսˡףҳȥͷɡ
ȺƳ˵ͻأһǿ˽漴һϵЦ

ƼҿڣѦŪѾʱƼңɾǸˣѾͲסҪˡ
ӽǳǣǺƼҵĴˡ
ѦŪǿƳȻǰһսѦŪĵһĿԣҪɱȻġ
ɱӣѦŪȹϷ˵
֪ĶԪ겻ԸʱǺƼңϷɲὫĻƳ࣬һɣܿ죬ǺƼˣȥġ
顭
ѦŪ͵ĳȭǿޱȵȭƼҿڵĶȫ飬ȻˣȫѦŪһȭڵأֻкƳ˺˺üҲǿѪ
ҪѦŪԿ˵ʵǳǣֻаһ˶ѣڰ򴨲ڣǳǵĵһˣѦŪ
ϻ쵰Ҹƴˡ
ȻһֱˣѦŪѾѦŪѹסˣһҲˣ漴¸¼Ȼ³͸һȫĽȫˡ
ȻѦŪҷҶӣҪ

ž
ѦŪҲһȭһȭǴ߶Ƽׯ԰Ƽˣȫ˹ȥ
ס֡
ѦŪҪƼҵͳͳɱʱԪ꼰ʱҵ
ѦүӣƼʱ𡣡
˵ͲѵϷҪɣ
Ԫ֪ѦŪԼ֮ϣʱҲܸͻ
ȻЩ˶Ѿˣֺαؼһʱء죬ޣӷ粻ֵĻܵڽȫնɱˡ
Ԫ걾ǲ뽫ƼҸҵˣϳһͬնɱģΪȹģҲ
ѦŪڵ̬ѾȷƼҸңһҪңҲŹ
Ԫ겻ʱѦŪ̫ĳͻҲֻ˳ѦŪ˼콫ңƼңлҵЩˣһͬѺ͹㳡ͳͳնɱ
ѦŪһԪ꣬Ͼǳǻǳϻ˵㣬ʱԪ궯֣Ҫ췴ˡѦŪĿģǳΪв½ͳߣɲҪǳѽ
ȻˣϷٵȼʱ磬ֳ֧ӷˣȫҪնɱ


2180 㳡նɱ
ɫѾаʱ䣬ƼңңʱѧԺ޼ѧԺѧԺһ͹㳡նɱԭķ½Χ֮£ǳ˵ľǷǳǵģϻҲ뷢飬ΪѦŪĹϵԪһ취ûУ˶Ϻ꣬һ뵱ڽԼѦеĵ˸һǳǵΣٴƲ֮ûһö
ӷ絽һϢûУȻ˵ļҪԱǷϵķϣ˵ˣһǳʱ䣬ͽ׹䣬ҲǸǳǵˣв½ǲģԭЩԳϻᣬѦҲ飬Ҳ֮֡
ʱһһȥѾСʱˣȫǵҲ׷׳͹㳡ȥ˵ʱ͹㳡˺ܶ£ǽǧδйĴ¡
һһȵȫǶ˵ʮһȵĴ䣬ƴ˵ΪӷĹϵûи֡Ҫ͹㳡նɱ壬Ӧ˵ѧԺ˺ƼҸ֮⣬аңеǣȫΣҲε顣
ΪӷһˣȴҪɱôˣѵϻǱ߾ûǺ𣿡
ǶʲôڲԪ᳤ҪɱѧԺѦүӲκζѦҲڣԲűƵԪ᳤ķǿе֮£Щնɱ
ѦүӹȻݶǳǵڶǿߡ
ѾǵһˣԪ᳤Ϊֺķǳǵв
òϣѦүӵȷһֲ˼ȫǰΣҪնɱô˵ľٶˣҲø
ѵˣֵȥҸΪԵĻһǱȽֳ֧ӷģٳӷΪֵܣ£ĳϻᣬѦΪС
ѽϴλҵѾ֤ӷΪ˺ܲˣҲǸö˼ұĺѽԼõͬʱԱ˶ָָġˣߣֻϧѽ
㳡ϵһһȥģѾѦŪ񻯣ȴӷƻˡ߿ܣ˭ȻǰˣǾûκαʾõĿԣʤһжôĿɶҲ˸ҽ˵̫
ڣ鲢ûеһܶҲ˵ѾҪǸҲû㴫˵ӷѾȫʧȥˣֻҪӷ粻ץһ̣ȥ϶ֻôġ
һǰ컹սڱ̨Ű裬ҪһôͻȻ֮ʧȥأѵѦʲôɵֶβɣ
ܡѦŲ̄ϵɫжѿȫǵ˿ɶǿġӷ統ʱ֮䣬ûѦŪҲǳӷ˶Ҳһ
ûѦûһöƹܾӵǺаԵû˸ȥǡԴӳӷ֮ɱ񽣣֮ѦѬݣڶѦ̵ȥ˵ǰѦŪճصʱ򶼻ûնԸӷ磬ȴӷʧϢ϶ѦʲôıֶΡ
㳡֮ϣҲ֪ʲôˣһֱڮѦң˵ӷĺãһһʱ֮䣬㳡
˼Ⱥвͣ߶ţ˵䣬˵䣬Ҳ֪ʲô˴󺰵Ѧ޳ܣֳ֧ӷ磬ֳ֧ˡ
ðɣɣ㳡飬ȫ˼ɵĺ£ѦǼ㽫˵ȫץˣҲ˼һģϾ˼̼֮
㳡ϵԪˣѦҵˣ㳡ǵĻɫ䡣
ô
ѦӶԱߵѦܼʵ
һ˶үӣȥЩ˱졣
СĲʧʱѦҶԾֵĻǳǿɾûѦҵ֮ˡ
Щ˼˵ȥһᷢġ
ڲ߻һСһǳӷ硣ܼңϴȥӷҳҪסԲܶԾ֡
ǣūȥ
ѦŪɫɱѦҪѿĶ࣬Ź㳡ȺдĻѦŪıһ԰ףһ࣬ɾֽǳǵĵһǿôѵܽȫǵȫɱⲻɡ
ϻǱߣԪǵۺǵ˵Ϻº˰ɣӷӢۣѦŪȴ˹ܡ
ǰ˵᳤Ѿ˼Ѿͷڸ
̼ҵѾͷ
û᳤㿴ҪҪȥѾͷץҪһѦҷˣġ
ѦŪƲҶŹȥںһͲڵ̼ҡ
ûҪ֦Ҫľӷ硣Ͼ˭֪ӷʲôʱָһָ˹Ǿ鷳ˣԣǱҪڳӷָ֮ǰϳˣӷ̻ɱ


2181 ôû
ֻʣһСʱˣ͹㳡ϵûֹͣʤҲԲǳǵľ񼸾۾ܷ񶨵ģǿΪΨһеĸԴ㽫ѦŪ˵֮ǳǵһǿߣûģҲͲϣֻҪⳡնɱ񲻵ңԵʲôûϾһʧȥˣѦٴѦŪǿҲͳǳǡ
ȻǳϻỹѦңϣնɱϳʱӷ֣ܳϾǵĿǳӷ磬ϳЩˣȫӷնˡ
ѦүӣʱҲˡ뽫ȫնɱĻھͶ֡
ԪҲȥܺƼҸˣȻѦŪҪһУǾȥɣֻϣӷĻֲźá
һСʱھͶֵĻӷ粻֣ⲻܶ㻹ǶϷ˵ǸǱڵв
ѵѦүӻĻһӷ粻ɡȻӷܳã֣ȻѦүӾ飬Ҳ׸ıɣ
ԪڷѦŪΪ֪ԼѦŪηӷ缸ģϾӷӷԼ˵ҹ磬ǿɾͱԪѦŪҪصĶˡ
ȻԪҲɵӣῴѦŪҰģڰ򴨲ڣѦŪʲôע⣬Ҳ˾֮ˡԪ֪ѦŪԸģȻˣԪҲҪǰ׼ɱӷҪģʱѦŪԼҲ˼ĻǸá
Ԫ꣬⻰Ǻ޲ýЩ˾նɱ֮ǰ뽫ƼҸȴĴ½֮ٶԸ𣿡
Ԫ겻ɵһЦ˵ѦĻҳϻ԰򴨻᳤ʧٺѦүӾǳǵĵһǿˣܽƼҸȫնɱ˵죬ܽҳϻҲͳͳϳǳǡ
ԪɲΪѦŪҪԼϻȫɱƾһˣҲǰ첻ġȻѦŪѾ˴˵ҰģһϻᣬݲˣڽʱյǳѦҾûϻᣬгϻûѦңε󣬾ˣڹżҸңҲվѦǱߣѦͳȫǾӵͬʱٽϻ壬ѦҾʵв½һͳˡ
ڣϻﻹһƣǾѦŪδͳҲɻģֻҪѦŪͲԳϻ֣˵ڶԸϻ֮ǰҪȽɱ
ѦҸϻʲôע⣬ΪҪģǳӷ磬Ҫ֪ӳӷģֻϣЩնܽӷɡ
Ԫ꣬˵Щһ嶼ûУٷһϢȥɣӷĽЩ˶ˣɾͰæˡ
ѦŪԪ꣬Ҳ˵ȽЩһȫ֮󣬾Ԫڡ
ϳˣѾȫѺ㳡ˣ˿̵ϳ˫ѾˣԪ챻ѦѬһֻ֣ظȻҲֱѦŪѦӸˣ˵Щˣûһģľأ̣ˣǿҲɱΧġ
ӷǸ쵰ڶ֣ʲô˼
ľشΪӷͻᶯ־˵ģû뵽ⶼҪնɱԼˣӷӰû
㼱ʲôӷӦûûлָֻһָͻϸϹġ
ָȫѾˡ
˵Ƕ㼱ʲôӷһǵġЩһʵ̫ǿˣ˵ȻѦŪжסѺ׼նɱҲǺġ
̲ΪԼץȥκνڣԼѦŪŻᵼ³ԼѦŪ֮ϵĻǽ׼ﱻնɱģѦϻˡ
Ѧˣھɱӡ
ϳ˶ڵϵģ˫ֻһʹۣܶס
ʱȻҽˣȸϷϳСӸˡ
ѦŪһŭֻѦܼǰһžͳϳĶ˹ȥ
顣
ϳ屻߳ϰףۼǵ֮ϣֱӾͽǵˡ
ʱѦȥ̼ҵĵ񣬹˭ﵷңǾ·һ
ϳȷӣ˫ȱϵ֮£ֱѦܼһȻǿסʹһҲûгﻹڲͣĴ
˿ѾųʶȥѰӷ磬ٲǿˡֻϣӷѾָˣ򣬾Ҳѽ
ѦŪȻо˷ųʶȴκȥֹǸϽӷйҲͲȥˡ
Ⱥе˼ϳѾ춥סˣǴСʶϳģһֱǽơ
ϳΣգ˶Σգ˼ʲôѽҲҪȥƴһѡ
˼ĽѾγҪ׼ȥˣȲȴ˽סˡ



2182 鷳
Ȼ˶Ѿۼ˹㳡ǳӷȻǲöˣϻѦҲڹ㳡õģûҪȥǵˣԣӷҲͺ˹㳡
˼Լ˸סˣΪѦҵˣһͷȴΨһľǣϣԼǰ
ꡭ
ӷһʾ˼Ҫ˵̫࣬ҵڣǳǾûвʶӷģӷڴһۣǴñӵ֣ڸסò˼̫Ϳ۵˭
ҹ
ӷ˼Ⱥ֮⣬˱Ƚ٣˶ע˹㳡ģ׼ϻѦôնϳǵģ˵ȴųӷĳ֣ĻĵӷȻѾˡ
˼ڿɱκһ˶Ҫ˶ѾץˣΨԼ⣬ǳϻỹѦңǹ˼̼ҶǳĹףʱûж˼ôһ˼ܲܣоԼǱƵģһ˴
˼취ҳӷģǳôҲ֪ӷʲôطôȥѽҪңʱһϻѦҸˣǺ˳ӷǣ˼ֻڽ죬㳡֮϶˼ˣղŴѦңѦŪ޳ܣ˼뵽Ψһ취ϣַѦŪ˼ܽʱһ¡ȴϣѦŪͲмƣ͵ʲôûƵġ
˼޼ƿʩʱֱӳȥѦŪ޳ʱӷȻĳˣ˼Ҳȶ
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˼ΪȻӷˣǱض˵ģûָҲܹ
ȴ˼ʧˣӷ̾ҡͷɫҲǺܺãȴͲ˵ӡ
ΪʲôΪʲôûָôѽ
ȷӷûָİ֣Ҫ¾ˣҲǾԲܵѽһԪ꣬һѦŪѾǳеĴˡ
ȱ𼱡֮ǰѾлȥˡ
ڲرץɱȥ˼֪ģ˼Ϊǻˣˣû뵽ɱȥǳӷǲġ
ɾһ˳ôأǧôأȲ˵ٶ඼ѹǳǣܴҲ̫˰ɡ
ⶼʲôʱˣлȥʲôã
ҽлȥȱˡ
ȱоȱ𣬾˼ֻ֪ķ½ѽʲôȱ
ⶼʲôʱˣɲϳǵЦѽǿǳ˵ѽ
˵ʵӷҲһնûУָоȱҲֻһʱ䣬𲻵ؼԵá
ľʱ䡣Ҹ½軹е㽻飬ȥұ½˰æֻҪ½ٳ£ǾΪʱ䡣Ҫľʱ䡣
Ҳ֪񷶦ôˣӷڻûо񷶦һ˿Ҳ˵񷶦ûȶϵϲôۣ
ʱѾˣϳϾҪնˡ
ʱѦŪҲԪǲʲô᳤᳤ģֱӾվ˫㳡ɨţҳӷ磬ɼȻڳӷѾûˣҪȺһͨˣҲǼѵ顣
ʱѾˣӷ磬ٲֵĻЩˣͷء
ѦŪڹ㳡һ֮ǳǲͣĻصţѾǳȥˡ
ͬʱǳ⣬½Ĵ֮£Ѿǳǵıſǰ˵Ļ룬Ҳ˱½֮Уûκһˡ
ѧ㣬ǰǳˣҪǰ𣿡
ҼȻѾˣ˭Ҳܸı䡣ȥ̹ǳǵıš
ȫվס
˿̣һ˵ҲǱ½ѧͬһģȴѧԺĶͷ
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ֵǱ½ȵƣ˵ĹҲǱ½ȵιڱʧ֮Žεġ
ɫ䣬֪ȵ¹壬ڱŹƸϹǱǱѾ֪ԼߵӹԼȨġ
⣬ܡ磬ϸ
Ҫ޵õֵģȻƻԼĺ£
裬ѵΥɣҸ㣬ңҲΥ
⼦ëͳ죬˵ôôʲôʱֵСָֻŵġ
ˡ
һͼʮѧΧ
ҽ¡
ҿ˭ңһȺ°ܽŲڽͳͳɱ
ҵѾͷôĿѽ
ʱһŮ˵оһǵصѹԼʱ֮䣬Լֱӱһǿסˣ


2183 ѩŮ
˿ʱ䣬ʮӵӣǳھҪִһģնˣңȫǳ˵ʱоȱǰȥһʱ䣬Ͷһ˿ϣڻ˵һ޵񣬶ЩˣҲȹԼӶ˵ġ
ѾӦ˳ǳǣȥʱ䣬鱾ǺܺãϵأҲ޴ʹôǿңҲϣֻҪʱ䣬ĿľʹﵽˣҲˡ
˭ĵ½Ĵ¼ǳǱſʱȴͻ䡣
ʮ½ѧǱĴ֮£ΧЩˣȻĶ֣Ϊô޵ҲǻȥˣҲȥǳǵģֻڳӰˡ
ϣʱһǿֱγȫѹסˣ˵ûһ磬첻ġ
ǿߣǿߣǱ½ĳǿˡ
ɫʱı֮ǰҪѿ౶·飬赲ס½νͻȻıѽ
ѩŮ
˱ѹס漴ȫʼɲ֮䣬ͷ֮⣬ȫȫ
һѩɫӰһȥֻʮŮӣһѩɫ˿£ͷƮݵĺڷòޣȴ˪
ѩŮǱ½쵼ȵĳǿߣλ͸ǳǳϻЩһû뵽½ȵĳǿ߾Ȼʱϵһֱֹס
⵽ôһ£½Щͳ˧Ϊʲô˸Ҷ֣ңѩŮΪʲô˼ʱ
䲻Ҳɵϣܿ˹ӣǱ½ڲ⣬͸Լв½һÿһ½ڲǴڲģǱ½һеĵһǿߣ½Ҫв½࣬˵νĵһǿߣ½ôֻһѵǾûе𣬰Ψһƣһʲô⣬Ǳ½һһõĳֵĽɫû
ȻҲǱ½⼸½Ҳһģֻв½Ϊ½Сһǰһ̫һ֮⣬ֻһˣڻѾӷɱ̫һֻ֧֣Ҫ⣬ֻҪѦҲ⣬̫һĵλͲᱻҡ
治֪ǺãҲˡ
ǰѾصѩŮ䱻ΪǱ½ˣһΪĴ½ԪߣֺȻκεĲʣǸǰһġ
ѩŮ
迴ѩŮǱԼҪĶĻţѩŮڱȵĵλɲѽεĹ⣬ѩŮ˵Ǳǰ֮ڵĽɫңǿ߱ĵıãǿ֪ġ
裬㲻úھۼصȴұ½Ԯȴ˽ԴǰǳǣǺξģ
ѩŮĻ䣬ȴûɱ⣬Ӧò˺ġ
ѩŮֻȥǳǱߵԮʱõһΪ鱨
Ŷ𣿡
ѩŮ˽ġ֪ǳǵĳӷ˽ǳӷ£ǳǵĳϻҪնɱӷ磬ӷȡڣҪǱ½ǰȥȳӷġ
⻰һ䣬ѩŮƶʱһ䣬ղûɱ⣬ȴɢǿɱ
һ䣬ѩŮǸôˣ֪ģǲɱˣһɱģԷǱɣԼǱ½ҵļ̳ˣƨǡ
ס֡
ֹΨһʱģ£ǳڿôѽ
Ǻˣ
˵ѩŮСӾǳǻҵˣǳӷġ
Ǿһɡ
ҡ
룬֪ǰλǺ𣿡
Ҹʲôˣ֮ǸĻעѩǵ
ŶôĿ̵ʲô
ӷ硣
ƿС֪
֪ӷֶΣЩǳǵˡ죬ǳӷǰģæǱ½պʲô˵νѩŮһҪ

ѩŮЦ죬ͬһЦ㣬Ц˳ǱҲˣ̲סЦ
ı黹ǼᶨɲΪǰʲôʲôǿˣΪ֪£һ£ˣҪ
ѩŮʶ㣬α½ĳǿ߶಻ʤɽ죬ȴǵһμСӣĸһȴ˸Լ˵ѵǿ̲ɣ˵Ǹӷ磬һôˣ


2184 ޵ٵ
½ĴΪӷʱ䣬ֱҪٳ£·ѩŮһϢܿʹĶС
˵ʲô½Ȼǰˣ
½ʥŮ벻½ĵӾȻ֮󣬾ǵȻڱ½Ĵδ֮ǰͶ֣ѵʲôɸ˵ܲɣǰֶԱ½ʲôôɡ
Ѿϵ˶½ʥŮʥŮǱߵ˼ǣߵȲҪǳǵڸʲô֪ķ½ĽǻڲìܣȻΪġȻЩв½ˣǽǳǵ˶֪ǳ֮Իᷢڲ⣬ǶΪӷһˣûнӷ֪ʥŮ¶ӣһ֮Լ½ȥô˶ò£ʥŮĳǿߣȴûжԸӷľ԰գһϢȥǱЦԼһӢ񲻾в½
뷨㣬⼸½ҲǸһģֻǽǳǵĴ˵һ£δͳߵ˵һ£ûκһɵϻֱȥӷģΪҲţֻҪԼĴһӷҲ·һ
ȻԼв½֮ǰǳڲܴӷòģ㴦ˣȸһ֮ǰǳǵЩˣǿߣǿߣֱȥɱӷģóӷκδϢĻᡣ
ڣ½ȻǵĴǰǳǣҪǧٳ£˵ʵûʲô𣬾ǳ½Сһɵ½ڵǵǳǾԲġ
ܲԾҲȫ޳ӣñ½е̫ˡ
ǰӱ½ӦǵõһЩ֪ѶϢŻ᲻һɱǳǵġⳡչãв½ĵƶ˸ı䣬½˳嶯ǸҲԲǸ嶯ˡ
˵ͷ޳˵һҲ½ͷĿɲɵϣȻܳΪ½һеĵһǿߣͷȻǴģģʱ򣬸Ӳֵ̫顣
ѵйδͳߵѶϢ
վӪ֮߶ţԼ½ĴûʱҲԲȥǳǣ½Ǳ֪ʲôôŽģԼʲôĻǱ˱½
޳
ǰܷԸ
ϴһȥű½ˡҪסֻҪǾͺˣǧҪǷκεĳͻⱻǳлɳˡ
ǣϾȥ
СʥŮ
ʥŮĳǿߣСʥŮֻǸǿĴڣ֮ϣûзʥŮ˽ġ
лֱ˵ɡ
СʥŮΪ̵ĲǶ鱾ͲãҲ֪Ѿǳǵ͹㳡ϣ׼նˡһСʥŮֱɱĳ嶯ɱ˵Ļ
һھȥһǳǣҪסֻڳ۲죬ܱǳǵ˷֡
СʥŮͲҲܲȥѽϾģҲڲ֮յʱԣʥŮǱ߶Լ̬ȽӲˬ
СʥŮ֮£ֻʱӣǲġ
½ߵĶִܿ½ĶУ֪½Ϊ½ǱȻҲʲôȫ½һɳһȥű½һǰǳǡ
ķ½ʱв½ĶϺ֮ϣһľ˳ϯ˸ߴǧף˴ľˣ½Χĺ򶼴δ
֮ǰƵҶͻȻ֣ͱ۸ɱˣ֪ĶȻڳǰǲ
ڣ첢û뿪в½վв½ϷĺǰңԶĶϺ
ϯʱǾǲͣߵףӭһλĵ
·죬ӭٵ
ֻ֮Уһڹϣһֺɫ̻㣬֮һը˿ըĺڹ⣬Ϊһɫɢڷǧ֮ڣصһɲǣڹʱʧ
ٿǾ֮ϣ֪ʱһӣһۣ֮ϵڹ⣬ʮɫĹȦһֻޱӴĺ꽥档
⺣ΧնʱһƬڣ׹ΧĻޱȵ𺳡
в½һһոɽۣ֮ʨŶϷɫɵıɫ֮ȴ¶ɱ׹⡣
޵ٵ꣡û뵽һȻҲܹˣ


2185 ׼̣
в½νǷӿһһĳǿܹ˵½ЩǺǼ½ϳưˡЩǿߣǰ涼¶½֪ǵĴڣ˵ĳǿΪһԼŹģǵĵԼĳҲԵ̫ɺ˵ɣһеһУȫڳӷ֮ŷģ
Ȳ½ǿߣǺЩǿߣ³ӷΣûûлָ֮£ӷʲôˣǸɱĻɫ˭һߣһֻϰ㽫ӷŪ
ڣ½ѾѩŮȥһеȨһͬһ͵ڳӷǱʧȥΨһԮû˰ӷʱ䣬ϳЩˣ˵ˣͼߵͷˡ
Ѿʮ֣ǳǵ͹㳡Ҳ˵ǳǣԵʮְ˸еĻţһ֧ڵϣ͹㳡ϵÿһҲʮʱÿһ˶ԼĺƵķǳãû˸ȥ˵ѦʲôˣΪڹ㳡룬һѰѵĿѾϳǵĲϡ
˵ˣѧԺ壬еһ𣬳ǧѵľȫնɱĿһ£͹㳡ϣѪɺӵĳߣǧͷԶѻһСɽˣ
˵ĳ棬һǿߣﶼᷢë͸˵Щͨǿ߸һЩͨˣ
ѦŪѾվ˫϶׺ݵ۾㳡һɨ׹˵һ£ǿɱ⣬㳡Ͽգ׶֮ˣʣ˭ֻȥ˵ʲôء
ϳһıʮֽţľأ̣ʱ򶼲Ľӷ絽ʱû֣Ҳ˵ӷûָ
ʲôʱˣӷ絽ǹĻڸʲôٲֵĻԼЩˣ·һˡ
ԪѦŪڳϻڳ̵һҲ𲻵õģҲᱻץˡ
֪ʱͲӦܹӷ硣Ǹ쵰ȫҪͷˣȴӰûС
ľԳӷǲˬɶѦŪǸǲˬ
һϲģӶȹ죬򣬲һӾͲг޵С
޵еİԵӾްҹƣľصգݣֻҪ㹻ŷ½ûһ˶Ĺľصġֻϧѽ⣬ľ磬ԶԶԸĳǿ𿹺⣬ڵϣҲֻгӷһˡ
ʮ֮ڣӷһ֡
̺ĵ˵

ľشЦһⶼʲôʱˣȻųӷ磬治ǳҵϱӷŮѽ
ʮ֮ڣǵͷҲѾˡ
ˣʲô˲ġ
ѽʱ׾òһ𣬵ȴܱڵĳ裬Ϊӷ罫ˡ
ڣǽԼЩ˵ͷȫųӷҲһа취Լ˵ġ
ľؾ̷ǳ棬еɰˣ˵ãѦŪϲĽֻῳǵͷֻǿͷҲûʲô˵ģתΣǾתĴΡˣʱӷǻСģѦŪֲɵϣǵС档
Դ˵ֻҪС治𣬾Զˣ͸һģֻҪԪ𣬾屻ΣҲл
ľ˵һ㶼ûѦŪȻѾ˾ģȻܵǿͷʱѾԭλϷվ̵˵ǰ˫ֿٴһӡʱ֮䣬⣬ѦŪ˫ɢһģȫһѰѵĿ֮ϡ
ʲô
˫Ѿϵϳ´󾪣ѦŪ⣬еʮֵĲ
ȫԴߣЩ˵ѾСˡϷҪɱǣȻͬǵСһҪϷǾԲܸǻġÿһѿ֮ϣϷѾԴһȥǵͷǵС棬ᱻϷ뿴ӷ绹̶á
ѦŪһ̵ͷ϶ð亰һǲںģС淵ռ䣬ȥ֮ǰ취Լ
ѦŪôһ̵֣ﲻòһС汻ǾǳӷĲãҲûˣ
ʱѵӷ磬ѾֳĻϸϷֻҪϷǿԷЩһ
ѦŪҪɱʵֻһӷ磬ΪԣǰЩûһܶԼѦҲвģ벻ʵ𲻵̫áɳӷ粻ͬС̫죬ʮǰ񽣵һжֵסأѾʶв½ˣ޵ҹ磬ԼҲδĶ֣֪ΪʧȥҪײ
㳡һ㶯ûУѦŪʱҲ̲סˣ󺰵׼̡


2186 նǰͻ䣡
Ҫˣǳǽ᳹ϴƣ֮ǰļŹ㳡Щ˱նɱǳɽһȫµǳǣͬΪ仯в½һֱ䶯Ǻûǻûκ˸ȥһ䣬Ͼǳ֮ǰȽ϶࣬ܵһͳ죬ϻҲûκĻǲڲϣϣһͳһǰκηԵǳǾͲٷսˡ
Ȼνնݲ紵˵ĸʲôǱǳӷߣ콫˵ĳԱͳͳɱˣȴΨһӷĻƽǳǻ᲻ͣĳ⣬ֱ군ô˵ӷ˶ʶģʱʧȥһָǸʱ򣬳ӷҪĵһ±Ǳ𣬿ɳҵ˭ϻᣬѦңӷ罫еĳȫɱ֮ǳǣв½ͽκκγǿأһŶûڳУκ˶Խӣǳǣв½Ҳ͵ˣ
ȻЩ⣬󲿷˶ȥ룬ȴҲôֵ˻뵽Щ뵽ȻǲϣԼļ԰ԼΪ֮ūڵֻһǱϣӷϳ֣ұѦնɱ򣬳˵ˣһ
ѦŪһֻѾǸ߸߾ַµһ̣Ҳ˳Անɱʱ򣬵ڣȺŵĳӷ磬һѺ
ôۣûС˻һ仰
ӷԺвͣĺŲˣȴһӦûС
鷳ˣ鷳ˣ
ӷɫԽѿǰԼѹأû飬ԼֵµԼȴһ취ûС
½ǱҲûκζѵѾʧˣ;зʲô
˼˵ôˣȥ˰ɡ
ˣʱȻҪ˵ģֱӳȥȣǾȲˣҪٴ˵˼ôرѦŪ̫һҰѾ¶˳ܷ˼һΣԲŵڶεġ˵ˣӷʱȥգ֮䣬ͻᱻѦŪ
ɲȥѵ濴ȫԼǰЩˣɶǳ֧Լģ̻ԼţԼҵˣľѵĴڣһӦ˵˵˶ռ֮սӷͳˣǽӹһ٣뿪ǳɣʣպ󻹻˸ӷ򽻵𣿾Բˡ
һžۣΪ˼;ҵеһУҲҪƶǰ־ƣԲκһˡ
ܲôˡ
ӷҲ̲סˣԼٲ֣ǶûǾƴһѰɣã񷶦պԼȥʱȶǵùģѦŪˡ
Ϸɱɱɱһͳͳնɱ
֮ǳڲͣĻصţʲô䣬ѦŪΪһҲ߳ӷ磬ˣȫҪֵĻͳûֵĻҲӵĳǳǰ벽
ӷһҪȥֹʱͻȻԪ󺰵ס֣
ԪôһѦŪɫһ䣬ѵԪʱԼԲɡ
Ԫ꣬ΪǳϻĻ᳤Ϸ㡣
ѦүǧҪᡣղǱڳ˴Ϣķ½Ѿǳǿˡ
ʲô
ķ½ǳǣǲ𣬾ôˣѵԼǳӲƴɡ
ѦŪҲ֪أĴ½ʱǳǵĻ黹е㲻
ˡ
ѦŪҲɱˣȽȽҪ
ѦܼѦŪǰҲҪʣֻҪѦŪһ仰֪ʲôˡ
ĻѦŪͻأ֮Уһǿޱȵǵض㳡֮ǿ󣬴ĺܶߵˣȫȥ
ӷ˼໥һۣѵǻǱ߳ɹ

ԣ½ӵǿ˻ûԽȫǵ˸ɱ֮һˣҲͨǿӵеģһǿߣǿѦŪǵȾ磬ûǿѽ
ã
Ǳ½ˣģǺ
ѵǡ
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ӷһʱͲ뵽Լɱҹ棬Ѿ޵֪ˣĳǿ߹˰ɣҲֻкĳǿߣŻӵǿѦŪ֮ϣǶ֮ǰǷʨûǿѽ
ʮһ磡
޵Ȼֱʣһţ
ηǿߣǳкε֮
ѦŪԪվһҲ˶Էǿ󣬲̫
ӷ磬˭ǳӷ磿
δңֱӾ͵գҳӷġ


2187 ƻľ
֮ڳӷûлָ֮£ǳǣһĶ֡һӷĻҲˣ˵ͻ䣬ǳӷ벻ģҲõģʱԼͲó棬Ҳȫסǵڳκ˶ǣ˸ҶǱضȥֹ
ȻҪȥֹѦŪնɱǣӷ籾ҪģʲôĻֲǳӷĿܣųӷˡ
ѦŪԪ꣬ϻѦҵʱ˹һ̧ͷеӣǿƣǴδģȻҲκˣɵȥƴ
ѦŪԪ໥һۣǿǴðģһҳӷ磬˵ǳӷѣǼƺ̫ѽ˵ǳӷĵˣҲӦʱܳѽ
һʱ֮䣬㳡ٴΰһİʱ򶼷·ʧˣûһ˸ҺȫԼĺѦŪԪǴͷ
ӷϣ¶ЦЦݣʱ򣬳ӷҲѾ뵽˰취İ취
˼㰴˵ĳȥ
ӷ粻֪˼Ķ˵˼ʲô˼ɫʱĺÿ֮ǰֵǣҲ֮ʧΡ
ڲ֪ʲôա
˼ڱЦͬʱ̾ӷ绹治һѽķĳ
ʲôʱȥӷҲҪƺʱģ壬𲻵κεá
ѦŪе˵֮ǿϷ̾硣ʸǷԺĳǿߣ
ѦŪҲɵϣԷ֮ǿ󣬳˺Щ̬֮⣬˭ӵ˴أеĻ½͹ˡ
ٸϻ˭ǳӷ磬ϸ
ӣ޵ٵꡣ
մ޵½ֱҳӷ磬ҿӣͺӷƵģӷɴûиκεĳͻѽ
£ǳִһ£Ҫ֮ˣҲǵĵˣԸĻɷ֮취һͬѰӷ䣿
꿴һ·˵ѦŪʱԼԻɾǳǵĵһˡ
ʲôˣҲǸӷǵѣ֮Ҫ˳ӷ磬˭ҸҪ
仰ѦŪҲͷʮֵķģ
֮ǰ³ӷָ൱ļ֣Ҫɱӷ磬žӷָܻҲǰ˵Ķѽ
Ȼ˵ˣҵȻհ죬Բġ
ѦŪҲǳǵĵһѽû뵽ھǰƨҷһҲ֤ĳǿߣԲ½Щǿǵģ˵Щˣƾǿߣ̫Ȼҹ֮ǰѾ˵½ǿߣȫǱߵģȻҹ޵ĻŮսɣǿߣھ޵ӦòΣգҹ浱ʱҲὫǴߣֱɱ˱ǡҹɱǿߣӲǿߵĶ֣ǿ֮Իȥ޵޷Ǿη˺޵ǿƣԴ˵½֮ϣû֪٣ǿǶ֪һġ綫˵򴨳ֵ³Թ
ѦŪ겻ڴ˵ңĿҲֻɱӷģڣȾͰ̵ȫնɱɣҲԼ⵶ȥӷͻˡ
Ϸɱɱɱ
ǳڲͣĻصţһֳֿĹ֣Ѿһ̣ͬ˵С棬Ҳͬʱɱ
ʱͻȻһӰȺ֮г˳˶˫һתΪӷǳˣȴ벻Ĳǳӷ磬ȻһŮˣŮȻ˼
ס֡
˼һ֣˶һ̼ҵŹ²֮ǰһ·֪ϧڣѦŪǾԲٷŹˡ
ôĵӡ
ѦŪ¶׹⣬ȻϷȫ㡣
ѦŪôҲ벻˼һ֣Ȼֱָеһˣˣľء
ӷ磬ǷҵǮû𡣡
ʲô
ˣľԼǵڣ˼⻰ȫһ㶡
ľʲôʱɳӷˣֱں˵˵
ɾ˶֪˼ں˵ϾǳһûӷģһҪɱӷ磬֮ǰѾų˻ӷֻ˭ҸԼĻԼɱ˭
˼һ˵еľ̷£վǵǰһɫӣɨҶ
ǳӷ磿
ûѽһǷҵǮûء
쵰
͵һŭֱӾͿѦŪǿٴαγɾ޴ֱӾͽѦŪѹסˡ
ƭϼһǻĲͷˡ
⾪걾ɱӷģڿɺãɱӷˣֱҪɱѦŪһԵƻľѽ⾪ŭɱ⣬תƵѦŪϡ
Ⱥеĳӷ粻ͣЦϼһɱ𣬲ɱҵ𣬽쵹Ҫ˭


2188 ս⣡
˼ǳôЩ꣬˽ҲȽ϶࣬Ͼ̼Ź£ΪǳǣΪв½Ѫļ壬ΨһŹ³Ҫտ֮⣬Ҫʱ̶ڰиʲôԸҲ
ʮ꣬Ϸǳ˽˼ˣ䲻ǺܴҲǿûҰģΨһĺôǶ˺ãҲ˵õȫ˵ء
ڣ˼ͻȻܳôһѦԼϻᣬйżҸң̾뵽˼ǾԸɲģԾҪѦŪˣԴӶǵնٶȣֶΣ˱ָ˼⣬ʵ벻ʲôĿˣ
ˣֻгӷһ˼ûжڣڱָ˼еᶯŭ֮ˣ˳ӷ֮⣬ͲеڶˡҲ˵ӷ㳡֮ϣ̽ӷҳʲô¶ܽ
ѦŪҲһǳǾչֳʵ˵һǿֳ嶯ĽɫղҲ˵ӷģ˵ҸĻɱ˭˼ֱָľ˵ǳӷ磬ᣬҲǾȻΪѦŪƭôҪɱľͲǳӷˣѦŪ
¡һ㳡Ϲ㳡ΧĿռ䶼ըһǿҵĺʱ㳡ǿѹƵĵ϶Ѻۡ

ŭһˣѾվ̼ĵ֮ϣ΢΢һֻ顭һ죬̼ĵȫҲʱǿΧʼСȫѦŪһ˵ϡ
ѦŪ֪Ҫ鷳ˣǿƳֱҪնɱǿʮһ磬ǳǣûκֵܵסǰ򴨻ڣҲֻܸ⾪ɸƽְɣ
˼ȫѦŪϣǾǵʱ˼ӰһЩֳֿ˸סѨһ̣ľأ輸ϵķӡ˿ַӡܽ⣬Ҳǿ󣬾ͨĵѨһֻȵѨҪǿһˡ
Ͼˡ
˼˵ЩҲֻƱȽһ㣬Ƚǿһ㡣
ľϵķӡһ⣬ʱͷŭӷǸ쵰Ȼ뺦ӡ
˵һɣӷ粻ˡ
ǡȾҪѦŪƺܿܽСӸƽ
ѦŪܰƽꣿ˭ŵģɳ˵ġƽȥƽķ
ھҪɱѦŪʱðһǿĻ棬ӻг˳
̫һˣˣ
˫һתûȥ̫һȴ֪̫һѦŪѾЭ飬ھȴҪɱѦŪھҪɱԼ޵£Ȼ᲻ܡ
ٵˣ
顭
ĺڰԪؾۼһһȭֱӴѦŪؿڣѦŪǿˣʱѪ
ڷ켰ʱϵҲڴ˿ֹͣҵĹƣʵʶϼһ
ٵǵˡ
⻰첢˵ģʶ߾ġ
˫һתѦŪԼ޵ˣôһ£
ѦŪҲѾ˷죬˵֮ǿ󣬸Լ£ͻȻǿǺǿߣ̫һʶǷ죬ѦŪҲѾ֪Ǵˮһ˲һˡ
ȫ˵棬ѦŪܸܲ׽ɣ뺣޵飬Ҳ֪ѽǣѦŪҲʶʵǷ޵ǿߣ
û˵Ϊ޵ٵݸ߹ѦŪݣûʸԻġ
ʶ˵ѦŪλ޵ٵꡣ
ٵ
ѦŪҲһû뵽޵ٵܹˣӣӷѾ޵ˡ
ٵղˡ˲ǳӷ磬ⶼǳӷĹǴңҹˣҲǱ
ŭ˵ˣѾ֪ҹ¡ӷʲôطӿ治СŮҲҶ
Ůˣ
ԭҹǾŮˣѹв½ˣҹձӷʱ޵ľͲ֪ʲô֪Ϣܹġ
ٵӷ˾ڹ㳡ϣΪȫʧûаϢɢ޷ҵ
Ǿͽȫɱ⣬뿴ܶ㵽ʲôʱ򡣡
ɱ⣿

껹治һĺѽ
ѦŪٵϢŭۼȫˣɱѽ
ӣϰѳӷҳȻͶˡ
ѦŪҪưв½ģ꽫ȫǵ˶ɱˣưԸƨѽ
˼ֻ˼֪ӷʲôط
ѦŪֻӵʱ䣬˿̣ɲ˷ˣ󺰵Ϸ˼¡
ã
ӷʧɫû뵽Ҳʱ֣ԼļƻǾԸѦŪļƻʧˣǸһģʶѦŪǾʱҲȻ֪ѦŪ޵ˣ


2189 ֮ض
˼Ϸһ֧ӡ
ѦŪһ£ֻҪ˼֪ӷʲôλãӷƳ˵ʧھǳӷָˣк޵󳬼ǿڴˣлһٵӵʮһĴڣӷɡ
˼㣬Сġ
ϳʮʮ˳˼Ѿ˫ȵ˫ĵأڿն˼ǰ
硭
飬飬顭
ϳ˫ǷˣزͬλܶģѦЩСɫϳĻӦ

ľҲʱɱݺᣬĻ쵰δչǱѦǸץֱӷƣ㱻Ǿնɱþĵһʲôʱܹ˴ίڼȻӡѾ⿪ľǸһС棬ͬʱ̵һһ磬Ҳȫںˡ
ɱɱɱ
ľûаҹ£ڰԪ۷壬Ҳûлƽ޽£е
׷ǧɡ۷塭
¡¡
֣ǿıըϳĻ磬ʹĹ㳡֮Ǻıը
֮
ɫľβ˳Ϸ漴ڣ·ǧħ޻ӰΧͣЩȥ
Ƽƴˡ
Ƴ鸸䱻ѦŪˣɵʱصҲ˲ôˣȻѾѡ˶飬ǽսװɡ
Ȼ㡣
֪ԼޣȫĽǻָ־֮ҲӲ̫ãȻȴʯͷ˵ķںϣֻҪеȻָǣҲֵܵӡ
Լ˳ˣùҡ
һСʲôˣʲô
ѽѾʱ򣬱˵ˣҲ㲻ʲô
ɲǼ䣬ؽеȫ˺ȻڣȻҲ˵ʲôˣŲصڿٵĻָ
ɡʯͷˣұ䡣
ϡ
һѰѵںȻϣ֮䣬еȫ˷顣
ޣһֻûʲôɣ
Ȼʯͷˣ嵽ԪǰԪ쵲סһϵеĹ
ûʲô⡣ڻңɱѦѬ
ԪһֻצৡһԱ߼żҵ˸ʮΡ
ѦѬѦӱڳȥֻȻغåǣһɱһѪ·
ãɱȥ
̻ƽֵܵסĽֻҪһϵĴڣƽ׶ֵܵסһӣȴ޷ʱ䱣̡


ɫΧȫ֮ͣͬΧĵˣľصսӰΧţͨǿҪǵĺļǲ̫ܵġ
ѦŪӷ磬ٲϷҪˡ
ϡ
ѦŪ㡣
ľؼѦŪڽѾܹ˵ڸ͹ܲô࣬ϳ̣һͬѦŪ
ɱҪţףˡ
Ѧӳ㳡ģͬʱֵҲѾ˽
һɱһɱһ˫ģֻһɱɱɱ
񡭡
ͻأһȺ֮䣬ǿ㳡Ԫ˴󾪡
ǳӷ硣Сӵʲôط
Ͻҳ
ӷ磬ͷβģֹ
ͳѵһǲɡ
ӷֱӴȺг֣ûлָⳡ棬ԼٲֵĻ˵ʿ½ԭѾȫ˵ĳ˳Աӷĳ֣ȫ˷ѵӷѾָ
ֵܡ
쵰Ȼݺӡ
ľأ˵ϻ̡
ҪӵıǹܺԼɡûָҲܳѦŪɱʱָһľ㡣

ӷһľڱı

ǰ֮ˣѾ϶ԼҪɱ֮ˡ
ˣ¡ӷ磬Ǳġ
ʲô
ӷָž
Ȼ޵ٵӷ磬Ҫ
һƾ͹˳ӷ磬ǿʹΧĿռ䶼ʼŤ
ã
̸󾪣ӷû˿˵ǺǿߣڳһˣҪ
ӷȴǲҲæڣһɱ΢΢ΧĿʼۡ
ôۡʱ̣ٲ֣һоͶˡ
֮ضǳӷΨһİ취ˣһ񷶦ûӦĻĽգԼļգ


2190 
ǳڴս𣬶һһսǰЩڶͱСС֣ҲⳡڶĽΣնʹв½츲صĸı䡣
Ȼķ½˵ǳʱսν֮ǳڴܾˣķ½ԻɱδͳߣҪǶֵģͬʱķ½Ҳܳᣬв½ϷֵԼһ̡

½ΪѩŮֹʹıҪȥӷԵĺΣȫֹͣ
ѩŮҪ˺ʱȴǳսϢ
ѩŮǰǳѾˡ
ˣ
ѩŮһ㶣ľ֮£ǳڲȻˣ˭˶еŹ֡
ѽķۼв½ǳ֪ǲʹȥģʱս񲻵ڸǳĻ𡣡
⻰ѩŮֱӾ͵̺˼ۿѩŮ
ұ½֮Σ졣
ѽʲô˲Ż֮ΣֻС˲Żɵ£ۣ۲Żɵ飬ܱ½һˣСˣֱ˵ҲԵĺܲʣȻѩŮŭ
ѽԼʲôͣۿܽѹԼǵ˺ܾõģǰѧԺʱԼһˣȴ챻Ů˸ѹסԼʲΪҵ֮η壬ҸȵĹϵַǳУϵĴӱȵõôʹССͣǸŮˣȴŴ˵ΪԼһ仰ѩŮŭǲп࣬ҲΣ˵ԼԼ͡
ѩŮɲὫ͵鵱ЦȴڣҲںСһ֮뷨ʵǳǼٴĿǰ֪顣ֻǳµ壬ȴֱɱǳǵĻ˵𡣡
ѩŮǰҿⲻ塣ΪǳѦΪףڴӷ磬ǳӷǳǵѦѾ˲ݵĵزϾǳǵĳϻᣬǳӷ綼Ǽɵ֣Ҫɱ֮ģ֮ǰǳʱǳϻԪϵǣҪһɱǳӷ硣˵ѦңǳǵĳϻҪɱӷ磬ŵǳսĻ;Բһ塣
ѧĻѩŮʼԳӷ
ҪԼ½ȥӷģҲ˵ĺ½첻ӷĻȳӷһأһҪľǱ½
Ǹӷ絽ʲôرģȻԪѦŪҪɱ֮졣
˵Ѿǰѻ˵ĺˣȻǲԸĻ̷ңҪϸϻسȥæ
ߡˣѵ㻹ܲɡˣҽСɱˡ
ԼԼѾǶˣڼ뻹Ȼеŭȫϡ
СѽСѽŸѧá
ʱѩŮ˵ĺ󷽣һʮͯͯͯҥͯҥȴǱ½˶ûġ
һתͷȥ뿴ʱʲô˾ȻܵԼ½᲻Ƕ½Ǽˡ
ɵ½ԶʱģȻһСŮ
СŮӲңͣ˵ˣ·̫ܣǰСŮ·һǱıģһСɡһǳŹֵСϴĻ̵ģСӣ½߱ı
ޣˣڿˡιι尢̣һŶ
СŮ޼ɵ˹ֱܵѩŮǰ½Щ˼һСŮûȥҲ˼ȥСŮѽ
̣̣һŶûмˣ
СŮӿڴóһźֵĻ񣬻񲢲Ǻܴһ˵ƴСеȴʮ͸һһġ
ѩŮ񶼺ǳǰСŮȻɢ˵СŮӣͲκΪѽ濴ͨûʲô
ѩŮҡҡͷʾûСŮʧġŶһ˵лл̣ټ
ʱ򣬻󺰵ϷңҪϻȥֵɱС
ֵܣ
СŮֹ֣ͣ˽Ųܵǰʵλ壬ղ˵ĳֵճô
ȥһСѾͷСŮȴõǰʵ壬˵ĳֵǲ˰
ΪСŮǽֵĻֱ쵽ǰģСŮȫҲֻлŵĸ߶ȣҲˡ
㣬˭ôгֵܵĻ񣿡
һ˵СŮ̾˷˵ŷҮҵˡ壬ϴȥɡ
ʲôЦԼ˲Լ½ˣԼ߲ˡ
СŮѵڻĲϣСһལɲǼ䣬һǿΧ¡һõڻ벱ϵı½ѧԺֱӱɱˣ
ɵۣ½ˣڣȫɵˣ
ɱ
½ļѧȻһСѾͷɱˡţҲ̫˰ɣʲôʱôССŮɱˣûѽһ½ѧֱӱըˣ
ûӦѩŮûӦСŮȴܲںӣԼĺԴǳɵ䲻˵ռ˶ţôôһ¶ˡѽǸˣ˲ţƣɵơ
䣬СŮŻĿӣ˵壬ˣˣȥˡ
ںƣģûƹ
СŮ𣿲ɱ½ѧһԼĿӣֱԼġ
̫ˡ
̫ˡ
վסǡ
ѩŮǷӦˣĻ˵ʲôСŮɱĺܣ˵壬ôѪˣҪŶɵģϴŶ
ֻ˶뿪˵棬գ֮䣬Ѿǧ׵ա
ۿ
̫ˣڵˣʵ̫ˣǻ뷴Ӧһʱ˵ȴֲ˼˵Ļ


2191 䣡
һƣǳڶֻԪѦŪֵܵסˣ
ӷûָҲ֪ҹĹϵͣȴȾھΪҹʧ½˭Ҷҹ治ĻӲɱ͸˵ҹѾˣ˳ӷ
ƨԶᴩģҲʱľƨܵõϿɣǽ޵ݸλΪ޵֪ڱչһּΪǿԴ޵ٵҲ˵ڵ֮ǰ޵ɾһ˵ģҪ˭˭λ
ǰǻ浺ˣ޵Ҳǳǿߵһ࣬Ϊ걳˻浺Ĺϵ޵϶ٶǴŰ۵ģܵõ֧֣ʣ޵ϣ˭ٶ첻ġ
һΣǴ̣ղҲûĻӷǾģֻоɱӷ磬ʱŸ
쵰
ϡ
ĺڰԪأ֮ŷ죬÷⣬ٵҡ
졣ӷǱģֻбɱ
顭
¿ɶˣֱӱѹһ죬ڵҳһӡ

һû뵽ȻԼ֣ʱ˿̣Ҫٰͽᾪλٵƶˡ
̫һǰҪȥ죬ϾӣʱѧŷȥͽᾪĻ̫һͲʸ
ˣû°ɣ
һȥûõĶһӷ綼ɱˡ
̫һѽ˭ѾĲŸأӷôɱĻΪʲô֮ǰԼ֣ƫƫʱ֣㲻Ҳ֮Σ
ӷ磬Ҫ
áֵܡ
Ȼ󾪣Ϊʯͷ˵ʮȫ޵еʱ䣬ʮ֮ڣκˣôǿ󣬶޷κε˺
Ѿӷ˹ȥȻ֪޵еʱˡ
˸ӣɱֵܡ
Ȼ澪֮ٶȲȾʮ֮һ񾪻κȻΪԼĺ󺰴еġ
㡣
ɣ㲻ӣӵӡ

顣
򵥵һȭǿĺڹȭͷ˺Ȼϣ޴ĳǴںȻϵľ죬Ȼ£͸ղŵķһڵҳһ޴Ŀӡ
ۡ
Ȼ벻Լʮ޵УȻҲᱻˣͲѽͲܣѵǿĵز
ԣ
ȻһԼ壬ϵʯͷȻһѺֳۣɶ˺Ѿ˺ˣһȭֱӽȻķƻˣֻз⵽ƻʮ޵вŻ©
쵰ȻһҷåޣҶסˣȥֵܡ
޳ܵĶȻһûͨ¶ɱҪ
ϳԪӷΣգȻ޷ȥֹʱӦѦҵҲֻϳԪܿճʱ
ɱɱɱ
֮䣬Ѿ˳ӷϿգʱ򣬲˭Ҫȳӷ綼ˡ
ûõĶҵȫ㶪ˡ
ľشʱҲһ취ûУԼȫӷˣһһ磬ʲôá
̸Ȼת󺰵ӷ硭

ǿǵȫѹ˳ӷϡ
ۡ
ӷ类ǿѹƵĻһ˾ͺñһƬ㣬ʹӷͨԵֵ
ôۡʱˣĻϸҹ
ѽʱˣٲ֣һпɾˣ
䡭
֮ǿ󣬾ǵƣܻɱӷ磬ӷңڣǾԲóӷôɵġ
ҪȽֽȫ
ֿţ껹治һĶѽ
˫֣
̡
ڹ⣬γһֱӷ硣
ӷ˫һһҪȥ˰
Ϲʱʱ
ӷҲܲôˣ˫۽գ͵һȭȥһûУӷҲŭ
¡¡
ͻأӷһ𣬴ͷţޱȵǿڣһɢȫ˳ӷȭͷ֮ϡ
ã
ְͬ㣬ӷһȭסˣû뵽ӷȻͷӳǿ
ৡ
Сӣûͷɣڲġ߱䡭䣬䣬䡭


2192 ӷ޵У֣
ˣ񷶦ڳˣǳô򵥣˿̵ĳӷ绹оһǰδе
ǿ
ĺǿ
ΪʲôͻȻǿһǴӲ񷶦ͷųģ
ѽô۸ոճ֣Ҳ˵񷶦Ѿȶ˵ܻȶĲ񷶦ӵǿѽǽԼ˵ȫһҲӵ˴ѽ
òǡ
Сӣûɡȥ
¡
񷶦ͻȻ˳һ޴Ļö˳ӷϿգɫС棬ųɽ⣬ǿޱȵеȫص˳ӷڡ
񷡭߱䣡
ô֮ǰĲ߱䲻ʧҲΪ߱ʧܵĹϵʹĲ񷶦ʼѵģڲ񷶦ȶ˵Ӧû𽥻ָŶԣȴָ̼еˣǰҪǿ
߱𣿡
ӷԺʵ
ûСӿøˣû뵽֮ǰ߱䲢ûȫʧܣڲ񷶦ѵͬʱ߱仹ڽţ˵ôۿ˵ƴȶ񷶦ϣȴʹĲ߱еڲûǵǰҪǿʮСӣԲ߱۷ֻ֮֮ңӵеһ磬㣬ǰٸһ֮µ޵дˡ
ʲô
˲⻰ӷʱ󾪡
ٸһ֮µ޵дڣҲ˵ûһٸһ磬ǳӷĶˣھܺɨ½ĴڣǺʮЩǿߣų˶֮⣬Щݵ֮⣬˻ǳӷĶ֡
УСӣڵĲǿ԰Լ磬Ҳ԰˸硣ǰһǿ˶СľƣҲ¼˿áԽȫǿĴ½ռǱߵҲһġڵ¯ѾƳ񼶰ĵҩֻҪҩƳ취ռĻȵҩͿռǱߵͳͳ۷ĴڣʱĴ½ͺýˡ
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2193 ɱѦӣѦŪ
磬ֹâȻһӵźڰԼѪԪأԱߵľظ̣г趼ΪԾΪ֪Ԫָ͵һҲӵ֣ǻҪ൱ʣ̫һģԪأѾǿˣû뵽ȻӵԪأлһǲ֪ѪԪأԪأӷȴʮ
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2195 ɱ壡
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ķ½ӷϣĸλٳ£ʹǳķ⾡ͷΪоĴҪǳǣҲûôס
½˵˴ڴ֮ͳߣ޳½ǿΪͳ죬ȫǲҲмǿһֱӪУһҲû߳ǿƣӪʸסγһǿĽ磬ǵõߣκ˶޷Ӫʰ벽
ӣζ½ʥŮɲһˣĳǿߣȻЩǿ߻û¶棬ǿ֪ģû¶ĳǿߣҪǿ١
޳ӿǰѪ⣬һȥ̽ӣϣɳȥһĴ󣬾ȫΪУʧˡ
ʱ򣬶½ûκ˸ģѪʵ̫ɶˡ
ǰ⵽ʲôΪʲôӵǿ
޳վһ𣬿ǳǵѪ⣬˵ӣһ󷨡
󷨣һû˼򵥣ȴӵǿ󷨡ղһȥû뵽ȿȫѪɱ
㿴գǱ޴鼮ƾ󷨵ˡŸλĲңӦͨǸ鼮ۼԴȶ󷨵ġȻ󷨵ĴڣǱȻп֮ˡǾ޴鼮ҲԴԴϵڲͣ鼮ڹġ
޳ʵҲ˵ֻҪ鼮һжϣ󷨾ˣ
˵ȻǳǸһ˹Źֵ󷨣Ҫ鼮жϣƲǼ׵¡
ǵĴѾǱٳˣ½ҲѾˣǳǣв½˵ķİΧ֮£ֻҪһƣв½ҲͲˡ
޳˵ûֻҪǳǵķһƣķ½ľҪǳǣǼǳɵ飬Ҫ֪ķ½ľӼһ𣬿ɱǳҪüǳǻǸվһսûκεֿķġ
õĻᣬˣͲܻеڶΣȵǳǵָ뾡һа취ķ½֮ģǸʱķ½Ϊ˸Ե棬ȻһҲһֱڵľƣŻᵼû˸Ҷǳǣв½
ķľǳǣһв½֮ϣǳǵĵ֮ϣ˭ܱ֤ǳжٵƣȫ˽ǳǵƵ֮£˭ָҴǳǵ⣬ǳǲв½޷ơ
ǷǳǵûϢʵ
ǰǳǶжеϵǵҲû취κϢӣҪǳǣҪˡ
˵ͷҪ˵ͼʿ
ˣ½ϲ½˹˵Ҫ󡣡
Ҫȥ½֣û뵽һҹˡ
ܺáӭϲʹߣ̸
֮ڶ½ĺ󷽣һ޴ӪڣӪʸ½ǿڵӪȫͬûκνģֻмʿΧš
޳վӪ֮ڣֻʿ˴˽
һСһǴӣһﶼʮֵİӪʺ󣬶˵ֱӾ
޳еŭһҲ̫Լ˰ɣô˵ҲԼľۼأǾȻһӶڻصԼļһ˷
Ȼû˵ʲô޳ȻҲ˵ˡ
λ֪ϲ棬˭ͳ죿ʵʲô˴ġ
С˵ϲ½ɶľȻΪ
ԭϲ½ͨˮӣǾˡ
ˮӣ
ƺţ޳Ӷ̲סЦһʲôѽȻԳΪӵģͳϲҲ¶ͨ档
Ȼ޳ӱϾˣ֪ϲ½ͨЩǿߵͼǧǰͿʼϲ½Ļˣ޳ûҲǺġ
ǲ֪½λ
˵½ŻʢΪ
ԭ½³ǵļ쵶

ǺǼģϲ½½̵߶˵İɡ
޳εҡҡͷҲû˵ʲôֻҪ࣬ǳǵ󷨣ƾһճӤǳǣ
֪λҶʲộָ
˵ܿҲµ⣬ƽʱͽһȥնˡ
Ǵ˵ˣǳǵ̫Ź֣ǵһ֧ȷ沿ĻᶼûУȫˡԣϲ½붫½һͬ󣬸պ·½ˣһͬ취ɡ
ܺãȻ뷨λݣûʸ̸ǻȥͳ˵ͳҸطۼһ̸ȽϺá
ǰȻ֪Լݣûʸ½ʥŮǿ̸κ£ҲֻǷ˵һ°ˡǴҪ֪½֮⣬֪ļΪˣ
Ƕ½ĳǿȻ٣Ǵɷġ
Ȼ仰Ҳûȥˡʱ䲻ӣ¾ȸˡ
½ʹĿ죬ȥҲ죬ֻ˵һ½ͳۼһ⵹ҲǸʲô£ֻҪһж⣬֮ôô֣Ҫ˭ֶθˡ
ǰӣҲû취Żǵġ½ͬ뷨Ψ½һ㶯ûУ֪ǰڱ½ô
Цһ˵ѵû˵ǳս֮ǰӷ˻Сȥұ½æɱ½ȴܾˡǷڱ½˴Ϣʱӷǰѻ˵ĺ½ְ˿ǳ֮󣬵һҪģǱ½ʱ򣬱½ǱôӦӷأûȥ̽ǳǵǸŹ󷨡˹Źֵ󷨣ǿǳ汻ӷƣɣ󷨾ǳӷóģɳӷ֧š
Ҳ˵󷨣ӷҲûϷˣԱ½棬Ҳһ뵽㣬ܿͻˣ
û޳ӣܴѹ޼ү˿㡣ˣȥ⼸λкһڣǾȥἸͳ졣


2202 ͵ҩ
ķ½˱½֮⣬½ȫ̽Ĵ󣬿ɽȴһġ
в񷶦֧ţҪƴ˴󣬿˵ķ½Ŀǰеǿȫжϲ񷶦ĵ伮ǾԲƵ˵أȻĲ񷶦ǿҲܳȥ֧žĴ󣬳ӷ绹ò񷶦ɱ飬ά־ĴĻ߱Ҳһ嶼ûˡ
ӷԽһʱ䣬ķ½֮ǰò񷶦ȥɱ飬һķ½в½ǿǸʱԲ񷶦ȥ֧žĴҲ
½棬˵ΪӷûȥǾ仰ʱڻ룬ǷӦʱ½һԣʱڣӷ粻Ҫò񷶦ȥ飬Ҫӱ½֣ʹķ޷һ
Ĵ½Ǳ߹ƶ֪ӷҲñ̫áȻ㹻ͣĴԽռĻòģԳӷ룬Īǿ󣬻һ޾ǿ󣬵ҲƵģһʱ򣬱Ҫһַȥ˵ӷ粻֪ʲôȻĴ½Ȼ֪ģֻڵ֪ͣôַˡ
Ӳ񷶦ڳʱӷ˺ܶ൤ҩЩҩȫΪ߼ģ԰ǱߵΪ۷ľ硣Ҫ̼۷Ҳ̫ܣҪǽҩ͹ȥѭķʽȥ
Ա𣿡
ıʳ治СѽһͳһӵĲˣӣûԱ
Сӣܳõģ˱ֳɶԵ̫ţ᲻̫ʺϡǰĳӷ磬ʲǰǿ󣬲ŻᵼǿΪףԽսһǷͻԱ˺ģıҲˡ
ٳԵ㡣
ͿˣһСѾͷѾʮ˵ķˣٳȥҪɴˡ
Աߵ˼ʳȫŵ۾̸ͣ裬һСѾͷ
أʲôŶ
ܷʵˡ
ô
û뵽ʶӡ
ȻŶǼһһֱڵ粻ءǼһҪ½ȥģ˵Ķóԣߡ
ӾǵУӷȻ֪ġˣڵȽϺʣȥ˵ͺãΣֻһʱܣ⣬ǿڵѾѹסǼ
ٳԣͻĸͲƯˡ
ӷһ˵̽еļһ˵ŲҪĸǼһһءˡ
ˣ
Ŷ
ܻȥ𣿡
ŶأǱһ㶼棬½ǱҲ棬˵طˡǻ˵үүҲء
ѽӷĸףүүλ޵еĴڣĿǰλãӷ綼ûһ档
үүڿҪҪ죬ûʱǡŰְָĶϻصȥ
زҪˣ
С죬ϾҪˡ
ӷѽŮԼҲͼ棬˵ʵӷ绹治ĸףڣǰڹ¶ԺʱչЩӣڱ֣ӷ绹а취ģһǺرİ취
ͨĺӲͬӦְֵ֪ĵ̫࣬Щ˿ɶɱְֵġڰְںĴ½Ǳ̫˰ְ޷ȥǣҲû취ȥ衣ְֵĻھͻصȥְֱ𣿡
䲻ñģǶ˵ְѾưռˣռ䣬ҪΪռ԰صġ
û뵽֪黹治٣ӷжԱ𲻵κεá
ʱ˵ƽΪǿĵˣˣܾүүӦˡ㲻ǾҪϻȥظ㶫ȥ̫үүĻǱߵͶΪˣǵΪͿԸһռ䣬Ĵ½شˡ
һ̣˵أ˵ô
ģڴϰְָĶϻصȥ̫үү̫үү֪ôġ
Ǻðɡ
ܲĸʵĴӦǸµĺѽɱĺӣʲôΣն
ϳһȻǶ֪ӷ缸Ǵռģ˵ǲ֪ԭӷѾưռ䣬ܽռµĻǳӷɾܳưռˡ
ռ䣬룬һôĴڣеһУڳӷһ֣֮Ѿǵˣǲ񣬳Խһеռ֮
ӷ罫ƺõĵҩװһ˵ھʹ򿪺֮ŻȥЩŽ̫үү̫үүʱٴ򿪺֮Ź֪𣿡
ӷѾдĺˣȥĵҩܰ۷徳磬ȵҩˣñӷȻ׼ĵҩñռܼ˵ġ
Ŷͻȥ
һӣ֮ſȺ֮űӷʱ򿪵ûôǿǳŲͬǱ󲿷ֵȫסˣԲ̫Ķ
أǱȥŶ´ʱظǳŶ
գ֮䣬ѾʧӷһᣬԼʲôѽԼŮģû취ѽ³˱֮⣬˭˵ĴԽռ䣬Ǽֱǳ̸
ˣӷ磬ڵͻСܶסǰе֮⣬ٺúþ׵ΰɡ
ӷ˵ͷѽΣֻˣ
ˣλڴҶˣһȥ
ֵܣϢˡ
ܽӡ
˵ôˣ
ڶϲ½ͳѾЭ飬Ҫˡֻб½û½Ѿȥұ½ͳˣķеǿĻ浣ġ
صĵģҲǳӷĵģ㣬ͲҪ˵
̣ｻ̳һˡķİȥҵǿȥɱһ
ֵܣҸһȥ
ѽҲһȥ
ˣ˶෴ݾߣڵķ֮Ǵ´ģҾͲõˣĴ⣬ǵĴȶɡ


2203 
Ĵһ𣬾ǳӷԼ޷ǳǣͨ񷶦ȫһˡ
ڣųӷǰʱһЩϣѾõĲˣҪƳĵҩҪѰĲϡ
ڣЩϣںĴ½ȫУֻмǱȽҵģһ޵࣬ҪǸ߼޵࣬ͨκáڶǼȺıֱۺ½ֻһطУǱǱ½Ҳ˵ӷҪȥһ˱½ܵõֲϡ
£ûѰϵʱ䣬ӷȥ㶨ķ޷ԼľĴҲǼǳ鷳顣
Сӣܳȥ¸ճǳǣͻᱻ˷ֵġ
ôۺס˳ӷ磬ҲһѣϾǳʵ̫࣬ǳǵľҪıҲһ뵽Ĵɳӷóģһӷڳȥķ½ˣɣķ½᲻һдסӷ磬ûгӷ֧žĴ֮£ҪǾǼǳɵˣ
ҲȥĻķǿ߾ͻұҪȥƻķ޷һһҵľĴͶһݰȫԡķǿټôȫһ𣬾Űٸ֮޵еʵҲδܶסôǿƹѽ
ν˫ȭѵ֣˵ʵ̫ˣӲƴĻԳӷһôûУԲ߱ǳеಫʱǾͽܾ˵ճӷΪģķ½ͬܵһӹǾܵڶ˵ܾ˶Գӷûκεĺôķ½˵ľȫǺ
ô˵ʱ䣬Ĵ½һ£ܴﵽ˵ĳɾѾܲˡȻҲǳǸʲôϻ̫ɵ棬һʱ䣬һ½ĻҲڻ³ȻΪҪģ̫Сˣ֪ĵֵסġȻĴ½֮ʱǰĶܶ࣬۸ģҲһ֮ˡڣ۾ͽһֱȽرԴǧȥ磬ᱻκ˷֡
ȷôһֽû̳ӷκζ֮ΪڳӷڲŴӷģڳӷӶΣôҲóĶ̸ӷˡ
Ŷʲôö̸ң


ӷһ㶣ô۾ȻֶΣΣܱʲôġ
νʵһս͵Դڸ͵ġǰݺʱΪԼ⸱ȽرֱӾڱǰĻ̱¶Լݡԣ۵괴һԼ仯κ̬κκζ޵ıԴϵĳۣҲñӵŶصݡ
ǲյʮһ⵹ֺԴԴҾֱ仯Ĵ½ľ֮УҲᱻ˷ֵġ
ȻϲԴֶаǱھʹ㡣סԴ򣬲ǿСӣհɡ
һķģôϴֱӹ˳ӷԺУʹĳӷԺʱһԴ
ûԴɸͨĹǰ㣬Ҫģʵ˵ˣԴһͬĴڣܶ෨ҪЩᣬֻҪϵʩչԴҲˣȴô򵥣Ҫ߳һΣҪȫġ
ӷڲڣ̶̰СʱѾȫ͸
ֻӷ壬̼䷢˱仯ȱһȻôۣű˲ֽű仯˺ܶ˵ӡ
ȱ˵Ժ󻹿ԺأʲôͱʲôǴе߾ѽ
ö㽫ǿߣҴ򲻹ֱӱҸȥͿˡ
Сӣ̫ˡǿǵȴڣǲȥģֻȥܶԷʵʵ㸸ףǿ߻𣿵ͷùԼ
ӷЦһ˵Ҳֻ˵˵ѡˣͳȥȫһУǵʲô
ӷ绰䣬һתӡ
˱һССӣŴ򿪣ӷӵݣ뿪˲񷶦


2204 в
ݵ㣬ѩŮͳȫңµľ˵Ǵڱ½УҲֻһ֧ȷ沿Ӱˡ
½в½ƵһĴ½κη棬в½Ҫ࣬ڲֲҲǳ֮ǰֲҪϺܶ౶ĴСԼ壬Ҳ໥ţڲǱڵ⣬ǳʵҪءֻĴ½쵼ǳ֮ǰĳϻҪǿ౶ŵĴ½еĸ
ʵ֮ǰ񽣾ѾѦѬ˵Ĵ½ǸʱĹû֣ѦѬ׷ɱӷ缸֮ʱĴ½ľԶԶҪȵʱ˵ĻҪӴ
Բʧٺ½ٴνе·ĵز˵㶦в½˵ʱ̶ڵԼΪĴ½ϷֵĿ꣬ڣЩǿ໥ǣţĴ½Ҷв½֡
񣬰ǿҲʧˣδͳߵĳ֣Ҳδͳģ˹ͳģӲδͳֻһһ٣Ĵ½˵ǸѵĻᣬԽɱδͳ֮ķ½в½Ϸֵ
˭Ҳ뵽в½ǳھȻӶķͻ䣬һӷ磬ͽǳǸķ츲أڵãǳǣѾˣνǳ壬ȫӷ𣬾ǳϻᣬĿǰҲ˳ӷ
Ȼǳڵľķ½Ŀǰֻ̫Ҫķǿ˳ӷľĴв½ͱסˣ
Ƕ½½ʱܾôһǿߣȲ˵ϲ½Ƕ½ʥŮһ֮⣬Ĵ֮У˼ǿߣǵĿǰΪֹҲû¶棬˵½ģǷĲǳڵˣ½
ˣܻźüֵƣϲ½Ǳ½Ҳˣĳǿߣüû¶棬һ¶ˣǾķ֮һս
ǳǵľĴķ½һ취ҲûУһͷʣ˹Źǿ󷨣˭ȥģֻΪǿа
ѾʥŮļλǿˣҲõʥŮλǿߵͬ⣬ȥ⼸½ȽĴˡ
ҹɫܾһĳ·в½һƬ֮Уһ㲨˵ûУЩ޸ͨĶûзκε
˿̣ѩŮմһӪ߳ӪͣͣŲͷѩŮˣǰʵѩŮǰǡ
ǰе𣿡
ѩŮһŭıһӣѩŮӪԼ˵СĵĻ»ܵùġ
ǣѩŮˣµĴ֪ǽô죿
ѩŮ˱۾˵ųеҵӪȥ
ʲô
ųǼһ֮ǰҪȥӷģǴԼ½ȥǳͷѾһˣҵļ̳ˣձ½ķɣҲҪ̵ģ˵žͷš
ɱѩŮڵ鲻ãԼĻ軹ҪùģǣֻܰѩŮ˵ȥ
ʮӺһѩŮӪʣӪڷǳ䣬Ѿ˱в½˵Ƕ죬ҲѽѩŮɵġ
ûֱ˵˵ѩŮˣѾˡ
ѩŮһ裬ʵ֪
ѩŮǰ費֪
ұ½ȥǳӷ磬֪ôĺѵΪ֮ǰǵܴǳ𣿡
ǰ֮ǰҸûҪǳǣֻӷһʱˡѾȥˣǱ½ûȥӷ磬ǳӷ翿Լסǳǡв½֮ǰ֤ⷽѾĳӷҲѾǻ˻ǣǲȥĻǳǣһҪԸģǱ½
˵⻰һѩŮǧҪʱȥ½ǺĻӷȶԼ½֣½ǻԼһʱ½侮ʯĻԼ½üɾ޻ˡ
ѵһСѾͷ̲ɡ֮ǰѾλ̫ϳϻ㱨
̫ϳϣ
һ̫ϳϿɲǳǵЩôÿһǱȵĳǿߣһվԪ꣬ѦŪǵû뵽αȾȻ˺üλ̫ϳϣ
ǲ֪λ̫ϳϵ˼ǡ
ɱӷ硣ӷȻô̵ʱڿǳǣв½ĳǾ֤֮ǰǵǳ˵Ĳ٣ǸӷǸ൱ΣյһǼչȥպ󶨻Ǳ½вġҳӷȻ˴˻˵һ׼Ըˡ
˶٣ѩŮеԥӣ˵ֻ
Ǵһ۾ͿѩŮڵʲô˵СѾͷҲδؾǳǵˡѩŮǰҿԿ϶ǣӷȾ߻ǸСѾͷҪµĶࡣܴӺĹȫ˵بɴûй
ǳǵǸŹ󷨣»ƲˣͲǵģŶ½ѾҲӦ˹ߡ㴫ȥܶ½ʲôǱ½κǣҪǵ£ǾһԿ֡
ѩŮ䣬Ӫ˺ѩŮˣ½½½ǲʹǰ˵ҪҪѩŮ̸
Ŀ湻ġˣ˭
ѩŮˣ˵ˣǱ½ֵĻǾûǳǵ󷨣ǳò£ҲûȥϣǱ½ֵġ
顭
ѩŮһŭµıȫ˿Ȼвң
ѩŮˣ¿ǻǲҪʱȽϺãϾʱͬˣûǿ໥ƺ⣬һƲǳǵ󷨣ŭ֮£һԸǵġ
ѩŮ˱һ£ŵɫ԰ףһ£˵㣬ȥһˡ
ң
ûȻǶѾõвֶΣǱ½Ͳܲ¡λ̫ϳʵҲϵˣɾǸϣұ½ҲͷȥˣҪǱ½ҲУǵĴԲ῿ǳǵġ
ǸλĻᣬ˵ǣϾȥ


2205 Σ
߳ӪʺѩŮȥһ£ȻٷӪڣȴı֮ǰҪࡣ
ǸŮˣȻܿĳѩŮղųȥֻʱ䣬룬ȷǷû͵ѩŮıĸӽ㣬ܿ϶飬ûѩŮղ˵ô򵥡
ǰʲôǲñ𣿡
ҲתĨǣֱӾʵ
ûˣѾͷҲϷˣ
Цһ˵ùã֮ǰֿ湻ݵġҲм巨壬һѾˣ
ѩŮѩŮȫȫ½ȣû֪Ǳ½ҵˣҲ׹ùã֮ڱ½ܳΪ壬ΪѩŮıӣΣʱȶվߣ岻ҶҶ֡
ѩŮ꣬ͱȵĹҲǱ½һǿߣǿ֮һıĿУرȵ̣ȴûԵûΪͽֻһΪ̫ϳϵ̶ѡ
ΪһĵһˣܶʱһССľٶᱻ˿أѩŮǱĵԴرȣñһλ̫ϳϵ̵ģ֪ѩŮڱȵݸλǺε֮ߣ̫ܶϳϣȥ
ĽѩŮرʱҲģҵĵϵһҪΪ֮ˣ򣬲κ͸¶£ͬСѩŮλ̫ϳϣ֪ѩŮݣңҲ踸Ů֪Щ֪ˣʮǰҲǱĽѩŮرȵѾɱˣ
ʵҵ˻رȣǼʲô£ɱ˺ǽأ½κμ壬κɣüȣÿһȵĳԱǹ¶ҲǱ˱Ȼָ壬֮
ѩŮʵ̫ڣʵǲôõһӷ̣ˣŻ˰ŵģѩŮһŵֻҪѩŮһһڱȣû뿪Ȱ벽ĻǱȾͻδæʲôæֻҪ˵ĳڣȾͻ쵽δæȴͳһӴļ壬һҲͲñ̫ĹأҲȫƣ
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ûǻˣȴ˾˼һһϢˣʮ̫ϳΪˣȴһɫûС
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ѩŮɻ˵ʵʮǰ˽¸򴨽йһսǴξս֪˲࣬ǿ߶֪ʱ򴨶˷ǳصˣʮԸַˣŰҲһ
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ƴͣȻҪƴù޵ôĳǿߣǿ߶ǵĶ֣Уƴ͹Ѿ
ǲ֪ɼȻ˻޵Ͳݵģʱǵ鷳ʱǱ½÷κε⣬Ҳ̫ˡ֮ǰδͳߵ飬ǱܵģֵĶ½ǻԴΪڣ˵ǱѾвˣǲӲͷƤв½ġ
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ȻǱȣʦ˼ӷ飬ʵ֮ǰȾѾ֪ˣҲ֪ӷһвԣܳӷ֮£þ֮ǰֹ㣬Ϊ˵ӷȫʧǳȫɱľ֮£ӷĻᣬҲŲȥġڣӷǳǷΪʤһŹֶǿ˭޷ǳǣǿƣһҪҲԲɣԣȸ̫ϳϣʦָѾıˡұ½в½ΪУһҪ뾡һа취в½ӷֱǱ½ΣΪֹߵȵȬΪֹ


2206 ̸
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죡
ѩŮһۣ˵˵𣡡
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ǣǶǳһɣһ½в½֮ĶɡǸںܶǰѾʧˣڵҲ֪Ǹɵġù˵Ǹǰʮǿģͳһ½֮ǰǸֵ³ԹҲΪĹϵǸɺſʼû䣬ϲִ½Ǹ²ǱǱµӣ뿪Ű벽
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ԼҲܼȵĻԼңڱˣʣ½˭ҴԼҵע⡣
лùãһúñֵġ
ǳǶİﴦһƬС͵ɽ֣ƬɽҲڴ𣬸γɵģ½ﻹľ룬ӷӲ񷶦󣬱һֻСӣƬɽС
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ӷ翴˿Լ壬һûУǾԷĵģ;κ⡣
ǿɱ½ĴȻǿû򣬾ͷųǿɱס˷԰ǧ֮ءɱ½˵Ҳʮ
½Ǳ߲½ȻʮѹѩŮ˵½Σв½𶫲½Ҫٺü

ͻأӷϿճӷȻ̧ͷͼгˣһǶ½޳ӡ
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˵ҪƳӷľĴ󣬾ûв񷶦֧ţҲ첻ģ顣
ȥƣҲõʲôϢ
ӷٴαһֱֻӸ޳ӡ
Ծǧɽˮ޳ֹͣһֹͣѾڵˡ
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⽵䣬޳ӳ˵ǰ
ʥŮţҵ֪Сǡ
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ԭǶ½һеĵһǿߡȻһ˲š
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ˣĴ½ֻб½ûˡ㿴̸֮£ǵȱ½˵һ̸
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ֿˣǶͨ³ǣҲֻСɫˡ֣ʥŮĵλߡ
ߣ߸ƨڷ۴ԼԼʥŮĵλߵĻһʸ˵
ڿɲǸǽоʱǳǣԼͬĿꡣ
֣ǳǣ֮ңѡط̸֮£ǲ̫ˡ
˵Ͼǳǵĵ̣СһΪá
Ż˵ûǳڵĵ˳ӷ磬˵һǳթ֮ǲòʮֵľ񡣡


2207 һȺ޳Сˣ
ӷǺܽǳҲѡһֻС񣬻һֻǳͨվڽߵһʯͷϣһֻͨСɣһֻ޵Ļ룬ͨһУЩνĳǿ˵Ͳֵһᣡ
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ǰ⼸ˣӷûǷҪɱǣҲֻǾ̧֮ˣӷȴ֪ķôԼľĴ󣬻оǣķУͳ켶ǾͲǳǷĴ͵Ϯһ֧ûߣͬһɢɳ㣬ͳҲᱽˣҲ˵һ£½ĳǿǰҪġ
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ѩŮҲ̫˰ɡǸԵĴ½ɶĴڣǰȴСѾͷѲǱ½д㲻ɣ
λǰӦǶ½ʥŮǰɣǰҪᣬΪǱ½ĴǷΪǰģһȻѾˣڶȴ·ϡѩŮǱ½Ķ··ϳʲô⣬ҪӪŻǰġ
Ż˵֮ǰ˵Ǳ½ʮԭΪǱ½̫ˣڿǱ½ֵ׼ѽ
˵ҲãǱ½ҲӦò٣ķһ𣬾ʮ˵ӷǿƣҲֵסġ

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ӷڲףԼĳЩ˵㲻ʲôֻн½ȫϲΪһ壬ǲ΢ܸʮѽ
ȻǱ½·ǰҲ˵ʲôѩŮǾ˵Ҫ̸һУ㶼ɣ
ûѩŮѾȨޣʲôѩŮ˶ֵ֧ġ
ǺãҲͲϻˣ̸̸ƽӷǹŹֵ󷨰ɡ

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λǰҪ룬Ǳ½а취Ļһ֪ͨˣҲôѩŮһˡλǰûӷһôˣ
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裬ڳӷ⣬Ǵ˵ΪҪģ󡣡
費ɵһЦ˵󷨣ɱǳǵĻҲ̫Сӷˡ
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ҵ˼˵ͬʱҪǵǳǻ᲻ûǵ㣬㹻ȥͬʱǵҲ޷ġ
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ӷڻЦνĳǿߣ治衣ʵ˵һû񷶦ܹ֧žĴͬڱʱ֮ˡЩһζȴûʱǳǻ᲻ᷴ
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ھ˵ʲôУҲĸǺġ
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ŮˣȻˣǾͱˣҵС檰ɡ
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ܣܵ𣡡

Żͬʱסǵȥ·ǲܷߵģô˵ûãӷ粻ǵǱϾǰ򴨵Ĵˣǳǵˣǳǣǵڸǳһ


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Լ赲סˣ޳ָֽԼȥ²ǣԼ˵ҲҪùֻˣа취סԼǼΪԼ½ѾǳǴʲôЭ飬Լ½ѡ
ǰǣȻ֮ĵģƴһҲ˾Ҳʧ˶ʦ򴨵ͷ
ʱͬգ򴨲ڣǳ䵽˳ӷ֣֮ǱҪϸϻǳǣ˽źһжʱ˺ȥ
ȲǶ֣һǳǺ󣬰ķ½ҪǳǣҶǡ
ܣ浱Լǰ֮£ܵ𣿡
Żͬʱסǵ·ȻǾͲܷߡ

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ң軹˵ǳǣ嶼ѾӷˣɾѦңѦŪ˳ӷ֣֪֮ӷǿһôĵزǳϻᣬҲӷסˣǴ˿̲òӷ磬뵱ȫǶϻҪԼСӣȴɱѦŪԪ꣬ǼһﵽʲôͷȻǿʵ
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ˣһΪǱֱɱҪĶ񶾣࿴ҲǸݽɫѽ
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ӣǱ½ǸǳˡǺãǳѾȻǱ½ʱǶ½ҲԲ
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ҲϻҲľٶǲܵ˱½ȵȨȻվǾֻ˵⣬½ûϵԼҲԴΪڣȽɱ

ʱһǿЦǿЦ޷ټ֣ĸ˶ȫ˳ʮվȽš
Ц֮ǰѾ˵ߣŮˣȻҪֶԸˡ
Ц֮޳ӶסԼ˫ЦˣסԼ򶨻ᱻ˵ġ
ɱʣɱ˭

֮УһֻСͻȻ󣬳ھ˵İ֮ʱֻСͻȻһ䣬һ⣬ֱӽǸǰ
ӷ籾ǲʱģֻ֪ЩһļƻʱǸֲ
˭֪ǻʱͻȻ֣ôģϾǳǵˣҲԼԼϵǣɼȻӷˣͲòְһѡ
裬֮ǰȥһ㶯ûУַҪǣУгӷ󲻵飬ֻĿǰ֪Ǳ½ڸʲôӦò½ϣֻҪķϣڳӷ˵Ǽĺ£ȻҲһΡ
ӷ磡
໥һۣӷ粻ǳΪʲô
޳Ӹɵһ㶡
ۿסˣû뵽ӷͻȻ֣ѵǵǳǣҪ
֪Ӧ㽫£ǳӷˣΪʣӷҲġ
С㣬С㣬þòˡ
ӷվǶ˵ǰͷתȴǿޱȡ
ӷ磬㣬ǳǵ׷ʲô£
ҲûʲôֻѦҪɱңȴҸˡԪųϻѦŪǣȴվ˶顣ģǸԪ껹ǱȽʶʱģѾҵĳˣǳǵȫ쵼㣬СҵķϣҲʱԳϻֵģ֮ǰҪɱңǴд
ȻǳǶѾӷƣҲö˵ʲô
ֻķ½ΪʲôۼӴĴǳǣǵȻʱҲûʱȥʡ
˶˹
ˣǸҪһ˾㹻ˡ
һˣһ˶Ըĸˣǿߣǳӷڵʵ


2210 ɱһ
λǸղĺúõģôҵľĴȻҪʲôʮֶ֧赲ǳǵķ˵µĴѽαΪһŮˣǵļƻʧأ
ӷ粻ɵ̾˿˵ʵǻĻ治ʱ˵ȥҰ򴨾ͺúȥûֹ㣬ʱܻҵ
ӷ綼԰ԼİƻǰʱɱǸֲģһǳǵͽףĴ½Ǹʱ򣬸תƣĴֱѹƵķͷȥķĻزá
ڣһͣûˣҲȻᰴ֮ǰȥǣҲûܱ֤ǻ᲻ʲôһϢǳǣԼ˸ղļƻ˷ã
ҲֻΪǿֱӽǼɱˣֻҪķӦûͳ֮ˣڲضģ¶½
裬Ǳ½飬ȲǼƽϡȻû˻ǣһҵŵԵġȻȥĻھͿԴǵĴر½ˣ֮һȥ½ݷñȵġ
ӷڸ裬֮Լֱȥ½ǵ鷳ҲôˣǱ½ȫû
ӷ磬ղҲˡǱ½Ը㣬ֻΪǱ½˵⣬Ҫİæ
ѩŮ֮ǰѾ轲Լ½Ҫӷ֮£̫׵˵ӷ֪½ԼʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ڵҲѽӷһ־ֱ˵ҪǱ½鷳ڲѻ˵ӷ򵽱½ʱ̫ˡ
ҲЩ£ˡ֮ǰѾǱ½ˣѡһ飬ǲûκεѡ񡣷ģҶ£ֻҪһвģҶǳǣѾȫƿҵľĴһٸһ֧ţЩһͲƵˡֻҪȽǸɱǵͷȥľӪأͻĴңǸʱҾܴǳǵǡ
ӷɲ˵󻰣һٸһ֧žĴ㣬Ǽ´󾪣ɷһ룬Ҳֻǵǿֵܵסüʮѽ
֮ǰûӲ󷨣治֪ᷢô飬ж
ӷ˵ھҪǼɱǵͷȥľĴңǼóӷɱģŻ࣬ûӷֶΣ޳ӸǳۼӷǿƵġǸʱӷҪһлһѦŪΪ½ʥŮˣʥŮֻǸСɫˣϸѦŪһΣ͸ӵֵסӷˡ
޳ӣӷ˻ȥڲҪӷӲ
ʶ޳˵
޳ӵ˵ͷȻʱӷ綯֣͸ӲǶˡ
½ˣֱӾҪӷŻȴ벻Ȼηӷ絽ȵز
ӷ磬Ȼܿǳǣǳǵ壬Щǵƨ㡣ѦʲôѦŪʲôȼ壬½ҲֻǸˡ
Ż⻰˵еˡûѦȴڣǷĴ½еһǵȷֻǸ裬һͻƵİ衣ѦŪͬڵڰ֮£һ½Ƕ߲ܽεĴڣһ˳ӷ֮
ŻǶ˶ԣ֪ģֻһ򴨣ŹѦŪ֣Ҳ֪ѦŪڰǰѾǳǵĵڶǿˣΪ򴨵ͷصѹѦŪö֮Ĵ½оû˻ȥںһ϶ѦŪˣ
ҵΪǹ󷢳㵹ãֻҪ콫ɱˣǸȻҲͲȥˡӷ磬ɡ
Żֱ֣ĵĵֱߵ
߸һ磬ӵģȻ߸һ磬ɱ㣬磬ҵֱǿˡ
˿̣ĻŻ֣ӷȶˡ
գ֮䣬ӷѾŻǰٶ֮죬еļ٣Żһ˵ٶȣҲ̫̬˰ɣԼΪ۷״̬֮£Ҳٶȵʮ֮һѽ
顭
ӷһȭ˳߸һѣӷǰٸһ֮µ޵дڣʮһΣɱ㡣
⡭ܣ
Ż˶Ѿסˣ룬ԼôˣҲ̫Ī˰ɣûԼӦӷȭͷѾԼؿڡ
һȭһȭ⽭֮ڱը޳ӣȫʮʮǿվȽš
ô
ŻͷųӷȭͷȭͷѾֱӴԼš
ۡ
һѪ˳Ż£ӷ絥һӣŻֱӱս˵

⣬СôǿˣһоɱŻҲ̫̬˰ɡ
ǰˣӷǸ͵ֵסܡ
ѽٲܣܲˣɾˣܵȥ
һɱ̫鷳ˡһȥɡ
ϡ
޵ĹֱӾͽ˵·ˣ޳ȴǳңһŽˮȥ
һ޳ӣӷ粻Ӳϣܣܰɣǵʲôá
޳ˣ࣬ûˡ
ȥɡɱѡ
һг۵ɱУûϵ񽣣ֻǰһڣ漴һƬѪ죬Ѿ˳ӷĵ֮С

УУɱ½ͳ⻹𣬳ӷ絽жٸһ磬ɱҲ̫˰ɣѻһǶԸѽ
ֻ뿪ǳǼѣû뵽ӷȻһǧӦһǧٶȣѹѦŪһᱻˣǳǣ˭ֵܵס


2211 Ұɣ
ǿߣÿһӵ߸һ硣
ӷ籾ѾʮһˣʮһʮһԵһ£͵ʮһ磬Щȫһ𣬵Ȼгӷ籾ʮǳӷ͵ӵʮĸһ磡
ʮģ
ǿ֣Ҳڱ˵һ⣬ڳӷʮĸһ磬ԲȫԼģΪӷһǿûãµÿһˣҪǿԳӷʮĸһ磬һʣȫָϳǣֻҪһһԼˣ˭յģպĺôҲ٣
Ѿ΢Ӧ˹ǰĳӷ磬⻹ǰԼǸӷ
Уɱǿߣ˵ֻڰ򴨵ϼɱˣǼֱξĴڣ
²ǳԾʱǳڵһ㶼˽⣬򴨱ǳǣҲԲܵκ˵ƻ
ҲôѦҵģֻ֪ǳڵĴΣ
ӷ罫Եһȫڵ֮УʱҪ˼·֮ٿЩӦôȥ
е鷳
е鷳ʲô˼ղǼ˵һΪʲô󷨣㲼õģ
ûֻΣΪҪҪ˱Զ˵ĻҵҲԶסǳǡǳڵжһ֪Ҳ²Ҳֻάְҡ
ӷ粻ɵҲɵѽûо԰ƾĴ֮£ѡأǳ棬Ҳ󣬵ǳǵþǾͲˣڼ½˵ȷ㹻ʱȥȣֻҪ治Ϳˣ
ղɱǼˣ½еĴǵѶźܿͻᴫظԵӪصġʱҪжԸǵķա
˼һû뵽ԸǵķеĻҲ᲼һ󷨵ֵˡ
ʲô취ûãɱǵˣǹǽġ
İɣǽ֮ǿһὫеǿȫɱ⡣ţμ½ĳǿߣҸղɱ֮⣬಻ʮˣ㹻İնԸǡ
ʮˡʮˣҲһ֮ǰҪǿģӷȻһ֮ɱʮȸղŻҪǿĳǿߣҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻӷҲ½ĳǿߣԲĴڣϾĿǰǳǸδ֮أǸʱǾ½㳲ˣԲֻǸʮô򵥡
ս½ӷǰ㣬㲻㳲ǿҲζܶ౶ǿܶ౶ǳǵǲֵܵסأ
ҿȻȥ˵ɣҪ˾ҲһҪɱǵĴ
Ҿ飬ûܸı䡣ңղѾһãǸ޳ӣֱӻض½ӻض½פǳĶˣеĳǿߣҲȫġԣھҪ̸Ϲȥķ֮ǰгǿ֮ǰһһ
ת֮ӷ翴裬˵㣬½ˣǱ½ʲô
ӷ磬ǰǳĸģвǱ½ҲòұȵѩŮѾ˵ĻһҪǱ½㡣
ô鷢չزѵǱ½˲ɣ
ûҲ㣬ı½˷ǳ鷳鷳йأǣ
ʲôʦ
ûС㣬֪ʦںһ޵ĵطʦǿʧ٣Ǳ޵˴ߵġڣǱ½ȵĹĴˣʦƴ֮ӳ޵Ѿص˱½Ϊ̫أڻԵС
Ǽʦôˣ

ǿߵ䣬֮ǰҹѾ߹ӷˣӷȻĺܡ
û뵽½ıľȻڰ򴨵ƴ֮޵ӷָ޵ӣһ޵½ǾͲҪԸ½ˣӷ磬ҪɱĶ
Ȼ£ӷȻ˵ģɲǰ㣬鼱֮½ԼƸ˵˳򣬾ǱƵԼ½ˣԼͬⶼɣһԸ޵ͲȥӭС
ӷҪ޵ԼһϵûУǱ½ȥԼԼװһʲôںģңһ㣬ʵϣӷҲǺܼģϽҰɣһ治֪޵ʲôʱᵽأ
Ǳ½飬һϵûС֮ǰѾɻȥҹˣɼȻǲʶ̧٣Ҳ뽫˼˷ǵϡˣҪȥɱЩνĳǿߣղŰǵķϣҲǱ½Ϊѣ˵Ļպȥ½СڿԻȥˣ˾սǶǵ顣
ӷ磬ǿǳҪġӦǱ½ֵֵ޵Ļ򴨣ҲܻȻġ
ȳӷ˵˵ãҸǺ
裬˭Ӧ˭ȥҿûӦ
ӷ磬Ҫʦв½ػ񡭡
ػûǰǣڣҪˡҵһ󷨣Ĵ½ʣλǿʦĵ𣿡
ȷǰİ򴨣νľǿߣԸ֮ǣţͲڣ½Ϲǳǣӷ絥һ󷨣ͽȫ赲ʣ򴨰ĵǿ󷨣ǿȥ֧


2212 ʮ
޳½֮ӣĿõǿߣΪ½δ쵼ȴǱĴӽδԼȻҲн죬ΪΨһҲҪ飡
еҰã䣬ͨĶ޳ӵһ׷ʱҪȡͷ˿ķ紵ݶҲ޳ӸеľʮСĵĳǱƶ
ѾǲľԱ޳ӣʮСʱڻص˶ڵľۼ㣬شССƣЩȴûһǵ˸ɵģȫԼײײʱʱһЩͨĶҧµġ
ˣˡ
뵹ڶӪ޳ӲͣͷԼֲҴĺУºӷ׷ɱѾʧȥԭж֪ӷҪɱĻܵĻᶼûУӷĻὫϣҪܣܺˣȥţҲǶ½׼ɱǣ
ⲻѧԺ޳ôˣʲô£
ڶУкܶཫڶ½С壬ɵӵܣ޳ڵ޼ңǶ½һ壬޳ƽҲŰˣκ˷ڶ½Ҳ˲ˣܶС壬ɵӵܣϣ޼ûһ죬޳еùһ졣
񣬼޳ǱĻСȻˣ޳קקѽڻǸƵġ
ЩˣͲȥʲôҲ֪޳Ǹһȥģڼ޳һ˻ӣΪ޳ǸȥǳǣҪȥ󷨣Żġ
̫ˣ浱Ǹˣǵȥˬ˰ɡ
ĽЦ޲ò޳Ӽš
ǣȥλ̫ϳϣ˵˵ˣ
̫ϳϣ
޳˵ģȻǶ½ʥŮ̫ϳϣĻȥ޳ӣЦ޳ӣֻѧԺһѧˣȻʥŮ̫ϳϡҸ㣬Լ𣡡
ٸҷϻģȥ̫ϳϣ˵˵ӷѾɱˣ
ЦЦӷʲôҲ͸޳ӲµĽɫˡһ󷨣ΪֵܵסǶڻ˵ɱˣ浱ӷѽɱȥľɱȥģ
˵磬ָȻǵ˵磬ռ䣬ϾӷǳʱѾ˵ˣ£ҲѾ½½Ǽǳǵ̽ȻҲǳصģǳǷʲô飬һʱ֪
û˵ЦҲ˵Цʱ򡣾ݣĻ֪֮ǰҸһȥϲ½̸飬ȴ˳ӷ硣Ѿӷɱ½ͳҲѾӷɱܿҪɱˣ
һ޳⻰ɫɵһ䡣
δͳ죬޳˵ӷɱˣôܣʲôʱ뿪ӪģΪʲôԼ֪
ں˵ЩʲôһֱӪ֮ڣ벽Ҳδ뿪Ȼ˵˱ɱˣֱǡ

ʱ򣬶ǰһƬУͻʣֻһȺȺķޣȫӴ˳˳漴һǿɱգֱӾʹ˶һɱ
һʣ´󾪣ʲôǴзʲô¡
ãǳӷɱˡǻʲôϱս֪ͨλ̫ϳϡ
໥һۣǲ޳˵ģڣǿɱǰδģѵǳӷɱ޳˵ģѾӷɱˡ
ϣ֪̫ͨϳϣ
ȫȫ׼
ˣˣϰڿƣ׼ӭС
޳ӳʱܽ˾ӪУٴ棬ǵһġ
һȺϣȻҲΧǳǡҾǻϼҡ
ӷڿڶ½ϿգͬʱĶҲѾ׼úǹ֧ҩҪеĳӷ
ϲ棬ȫоɢһǿɱɱͲڶģΪⲢھ˵ɱһɷŭɱ
Ǳ߷ʲô£

˵ǲǶǱ߳ˣ
λ̫ϳϣ˵ʶ𣬹׶༪ˣ
˵ʲô
ͷ׷ɫͻ䣬ʶˣôܣ
ϵ࣬ʲôطһ˵
ʶȷʧˡѵѾ
λ̫ϳϣǱߴϢǳǵĳӷѾɱȥˡ
ãӷҪΪǿλȻӷѾǳǣǾ̸ȥǱߣʥŮ̫ϳϣɱӷ硣
ãϸϹȥ
ϲڣӰϣǱ߷ȥͬʱ棬ͬʱ˼Ӱȫķȥ
ǳǵĶǽ֮ϣ̵ȫڳǽϿ
˵Ҳʮ
ǶǿžĴ󣬲ķӷ粻ڳ
軰δ꣬ͼϷ򣬼ǿޱȵȫ߿ڶߣҲǶ֮ڣͬ˼ǿ
ʲô
ǿ½еĴˡ
ʲôѵʱ̣ϸĴ
𼱣ǲġ쿴ǿɱѾס֧
ǡӷ硣
ûȷӷ硣ʲôѵһ֮ʮ򶫲𣿡


2213 ̫ϳϣ
ϳһ˫ķǳ󣬿ŶϿֵǵѪ⣬ѪɢǿޱȵɱɷͣΧ쿪ķ԰ǧ֮أһƬ޴Ѫס
֧˿ȫһƬңÿһ˶̧ͷеѪ⣬û֪⵽׷ʲô£ѵ𣿿ֽʲô
޳һĳʥŮλ̫ϳڵӪʳȥҲ˲ʲôˣǱֻŻӷ粻һеɱ˹ηԼ½ʮ֪ӷŵһôĵز
½һȺϣȻΧǳǡҾҪ޻أͳͳ
ӷĴ𣬿ٵĴ˰в½⼸ȫʮ
˵·նռ䶼ʼŤͨ³ǵļλ̫ϳڸܵ˵ʱȫֹͣ˷Уÿһ˶ǰԶǵѪ⣬ѪУӷӰѾչ֡
Ǿǳӷ磿ôӵǿ
ϷҲ̾ѽ
·½ʮܵаɡ
ǿ߲ڣǳѾӷᣬķ½УΨʥŮͨ³ǣȣķ߲쵼εһпӷ⡣
̫ϳʱȥһһĶԾûκһа³ӷ磬ֵĻڳӷҪ𶫲ԼбҪȥæ𣬼ϱǱһ㶯ûУ˵ǱѾ˺Ϸ׼
˵ӷѾ½˳ڲȥұ½鷳ܵˣ
̫ϳϿɲɵӣǶǰڸеģ֮ǰӷʧȥ飬ǿɶ֪ģҲ֪ӷ統ʱɻ˺ݻȥ½ǵȳӷǳǺ󣬵һҪԸľǱ½
ڣӷȴûȥԸ½Ըˣ̫ϳϵѾ롣
ӣ½ǽƻĺѽǶǸӷϵˣ֮ǰ飬Ҳֻһӡӷ磬һ˲ССͣǿĻǸ˿š
̫ϳϣұ½æ飬ǳӷⰲŵģΪľǵԼķΪؼʱ̣½ᷴųӷ磬
ѽûи󣬷룡

³ǵ̫ϳϣѾ̫ͨϳߣ˫棬û˿Ŀȥʶ˶ѣҲ˵ϵ˰㡣
λ飬Ǵô
ķΧǳǣ񱱲Ѿǳվһսϣȵ̫ϳϾٶ࣬ҲǵģǾѾܲˡʥŮ棬ԶڵǸһҲ̫ϳϣĿǰ֪

ͻأߣӰ˹ͨ³ǵ̫ϳȫһ㶣ǵʲôʲôѽõĲ黵飬ȵ̫ϳϾȻʱ˹
պû뵽Ȼ㣡
ϲ½ͨһͷ˵ͷ̫ͨϳ֮һ⣬ϲ½ͨҲһŶˣ뱱½ȵպ϶֣˶ʱ䣬컹δֳ¡
⣬겻û뵽ٴʱȻֳ档ϲҪùˡ
⣬챾˵ķ󣬹ǳǵģǱȴӷ磬ǵʲô˼
ٸһס֮˻û꣬Ǳ½ϲ½УûκεĺùϵǸв½ʮ궼ûìܡӷȻסǳǣǱҲѾǳˣȻǲǵġ
պˡǳڿһδͳߵģѵǱ½뱻ǳ̲𣿡
ǰ½ȻҪʲôֱӸ֣ǳǸˣв½Ϸֵģδͳ߸նɱˡʱͬգ½ͳ˾޴Σʱ򣬱½ҲȻҪѡһǿѣѣǰǳӷ磬ȻӷѾסǳǣ˵ǿ󣬱½ֲɵӣ֪Ƕ½ҳһʮûУӷȴʶ
½ҲĵӷôǿҲʧʱһʧˣʲô⣬Լ½Ҳᱻģǣ½ڲȫ˽ӷ֮ǰڳӷ֮ǰǲְӷġ
⣬ɷġ˵Ǳ½иӷ֮⣬ҲҪӷܷӵôĵزҲ˵³ӷκ飬Ǳ½ֵģֻΪһԹ߶ѡ
պȻΪȵ̫ϳϡ֮»ҷԴӷʤˣǱ͸ӷʽˣӷˡ
ˣҲܻնɱ̷ǳǣǸʱ½ҪǱ½ģԣĿǰԹߣλӦûɣ
ͨ³ǵ̫ϳϿűȵ̫ϳϺΣʱ򲻿ԼߴѽҪҲȰﶫ˳ӷ˵
ȻˣǱ½ҪϷһ𿴡ϷҲ֪ʥŮ̫ϳϣҵֽΡ


2214 еǿУ
˿̾ϲбȫڳƶҲѾУǴѪͻֳӰĴǱûõ֮ǰǲģӲţƾһ˵붫ʮ⡣
СӾǳǵĳӷ磿
УĽʿʼԼ˶ڣֲòϣӷʵǿޱȣⶼûɢƾѾγ˾޴ѹסˡ
ȥͦģֻϧѽԶʮʥŮ̫ϳϣСϾҪ군ˡ
ûһ˵ǳǵǸ󣬾Ǹӷ粼óġֻҪӷһǹͲˡʱɱǳǣ˾ɱǺεˬѽ
ûУǳǽϣɻվżŮء˵ˣǴƽ׵Ůҵģ
ҪԱǸȥҲӡ
ڵʲôأӷ綼ѾɱͷˣǾȻ֡
㶮ʲô֧ӷѹסҪʥŮ̫ϳϳ֣ӷˣܳġ
⼸ĴôɱǳǣӷôͺеһжѾ˶֣
½֪ľȻҲһȴɱǳǣŮǮԼ˫ȥ
ǳǵĶǽ֮ϣϳѾ಻סˣӷһԶʮЩֵܵģֻǿѽһҪȥæ
ɱȥҶֵĻ͸սס
ֹǲܳȥǶȥˣǾĴ˭ά֡˭ұ֤ӷԸͬʱ᲻ǳǣһǹҪǸĴ֧ŵġ
ǸֵҲδ̫嶯˰ɣһ£һɱ˳ȥǿ˫ȭҲѵѽο˵ķУɶķ̫ϳһķ̫ϳȫǳֵֻ·һġ
ʱ˼һһӰǽ³˹Ĳǵˡ
С㡣
ǣȥҰ򴨻᳤ôʱ˻
ʱ򡣡
˼溰С㣬ʱ˳ǣȥӷһѣһӦġ
Ǿվڶſڣ˵СӻҪҰ𡣷ģ֮ǰѾˣ½ͳоҡң½ͳ죬Ѿȫӷնɱˡ
ʲô
̵һ½ͳȫӷնɱˣҲ̫Ѹ˵ɣӷųǶãɱͳ졣
ʧȥͳ죬ǶĴҵģѹֳӷʱֱɱſȥԭ׼ˡ
˼ǳǲͳ죿ʵ
ʱǰɡ
Ǻãڽ˳ǣϴȥҪȫڶſڣҲҪɣϲ·͵Ϯоǣڱ½ҪȥǣѾ˸˵Ĵ㡣
½ҪԼǳˣǸϢѽֻǲ֪ϢǼ٣ʱҲöʣһо͵ȳӷ˶˵ɣֻҪһˣļ·Ȼɵ
ã˹ȥغš
˵سŵʱ򣬾Ĵܼˣڽ֮Уܱ½ĻǼ⣬ҪǼûκλ͵Ϯ
ǳһ׼ӷѹסʱһңʨû뿪һɽۣ֮ǳǱһС
Сӻ湻ģô̵ʱڣȻ֮࣬ŰٸһµĴڣĶ֡
ʨɫȻͦõģܿ죬ʨɫת䣬ȻתյһֻңԶУһ֣ܿʧ
ʲô
ʨҪ׷ȥֲңԶе̫ǿڳӷ֮£ԲӦġ
ʥѾ뿪ˣҲԶԶʥѵˣ
䣬ʨгһƣϵšң֣ǶϺңơ
ˣǿӣССв½ССǳǣϳӷ磬Ϊʸ֮ˣЩǿĺǿĿǰĳӷŰٸ֮޵еʵҲͲʲô
ѵǴ˵еĴ磬ٸһ֮ϵȫ¾磡ļһĸȻܵȫ¾磿


2215 ֮ľ磡
񷶦ڣϹ￪ʼݣڵǿĲôȫ˫أվ˵߱Ų֮ڡ
ĲãǰҪ滹˲˼ÿһ˿Իһ򣬵ȴڲ񷶦ʱ޷Ϊӷã
ãӦøо˰ɣ
ͷ۵Ĳǰһ棬ʾһƬʣһһš
ţڳˣĳǿߣ﴿ĳǿߡֻǱ벻ĳǿߣȻʱ֣һ֣ҪСӴǰδеΣˣ
δء˲ûĳ֣˼ġ
磬Ҳ̫˽⣬㿴ĳǿ߻ʲô·
ɣʮĳֻû뵽ʮ֮УȻ
ܿ϶ֻǸ
Щ͵ĵûҪ˵Ĳͷ¶βˣӦó֣ӷСӸɱɴ˼ȻѾ˺½ȴһֱûԳӷС֣ɼҲ˼ġϾӷ粢ûһٸһ磬ǿŲ߱Ŵﵽһ˲һӷСӵĵϸ
ô˵ǰΪӷתĵزûǵȾģΪ϶֮޾ˣֻǿǿ֣֮񣬼ȻĳǿѾ֣ӷһٸһȥתƾŲ񷶦߱ǴһصĴڣӷеƴһսĻǿܱסġ
ûӣ⼸·˺ҪСˣҲҪ֪ףǿߵ硣
ԱۿĿǰֻܸ磬ڳ۸ǿߵǵȾ磬ǵ﴿۷˵ɡ
ãѵΪǸСӴͲ뵽󾳽Сӽƻĺܣ֮ϵĴ󾳽磬ģ
ô̾˿˵֮ϵĴ󾳽磬뵱꣬Ҳδ׽ӴҪȫܿĳ磬ۼһٸһתڶС棬κεĽݾߣ
ѽǿŲ񷶦ſĸС棬һûļڵĸСۼͱǿ߸ˣ
ټ٣ټ棬ӷСӻû￪ڶСĽ׶ΣԲ߱ҲܺһˣֺϷڲܸ磬֮ǰѦҲҪۼһٸһ翪ڶС棬תӦҲ̫ˣ
Ѧʱӷ˺ܶһ磬ѦŪͬģѾʮʮˣЩ磬ӷ粢ãҲûַȥҪţΪպ׼ǵ磬Ҳȷ˵㣬ӷ绹ҪһеֶΣȥȡ硣
ȻǰھڤʱӷЩֻܴһ磬ںĴ½ȴ֮ͬǰЩˣǵ磬ҲģֻҪӷ罫ЩȫãˣʱһҲܴһ硣
Զʮĳӷ磬ȻһתȻʨܷصǿߣĳӷȻҲܸоԷĴڡ
ʲôȻǿ󣡡
ӷһʱ˳һ߱ӦĳǿߣǻǵùˣֳǿߣҲ׳ֵģҪֵĻͳˡ
֧ӷѹţ޷κεķ
ӷʱе񣬺ڣصĳǿҲֻһţܿʧˣóӷص˿Ҳܿ϶˵ȻǺȴܻ޵ģΪ޵ٵ꣬Ҳʮһ磬޵ĵӵеҲԵصĳǿߣԣӷܿ϶һǺˣҪ޵ǿ
ǸѽЩһһǿɴ˿ϺֻʮеСˣͬһиһҵ𣬵һСܸ½˾޴вЩﵽһôľƣ
ڿɲǳӷЩʱ·УͻȻɢǿһӪֱӳ˳һ𣬳ϣΪ⣬ը˿
¡һⱬըĲӷƸһѺۣʱ֮䣬ӷƣѪ⣬Ҳӷջá
ã½ʥŮȻ˵õҲͲһˡͷ¶βģǿߣҹɡ

ӷһȭֱǾ޴Ӫʣ
顭
Ӫʱӷһȭ˷飬Χһ޴Ŀӡ
ֻ׷ԲԵߣ˳ӷλÿһǿޱȣߣÿһٶʮһһ磬һ˵Ҳʮһϰɣ
ǳӷ磿
һʵ
ӷɨһߣûлشǵ⣬ȴǷʵǶ½ʥŮ̫ϳϰɣ
˵ӷ磬Ȼ֪ǶʥŮ̫ϳϣɱŰ裬˷ָѽ
ϼһǰϣҿɲסʥŮ̫ϳΣǣҳӷûʥŮǸʲôѾնɱ磬ҲѾᣬǣҪͬǵһͬˡ


2216 
նɱӷնɱˣ仰ڶʮĶУֱһЦʲôǿʥŮĳǿߣȲЩ̫ϳϣҲǿģͬʱ̫ϳϵĺѡ֮һ˵ôܻᱻӷɱ
ǣֻҪɵӣʱĵӷѾɱԼۼˣ̫ϳ϶ѾˣӰûУζͳѽ̫ϳֻģڴ̵ʱһжָӣѾɱſˣһҲûУѵӷ˵ǰ
ڣÿһ˵񶼿ʼת䣬ʱ˿ٿӷʱ͸һҲ̫̬˰ɣĽնɱˣ̫ϳ϶ԿʵԼǳǣɾͲǵģġ
Ҫ֪һǿ߶ԣһһ֮ս̫ϳϵĴڣͬԼʮˣһ֮ԡ
ȫ۵˵ǳǣɱӷ磬Լڸôȥģ½ӷĻǱߴŵĶܷŽһˣ
ʥŮ̫ϳϣ໥һۺͬʱݺݵĿųӷ磬һ̫ϳ˵ӷ磬ɢնɱϷ򲢲֡ҶʮΧǳǣټ⼸֮£ȻɱǵˣѾˣûǷ
˵һҲûһûǷҲѾ˵ҽҪͬǵһˡ½ʥŮ̫ϳϣÿһ˵Ҳʮһ磬һ׼ȷӦʮһɣڣʮһ磬ȫˡ
ӷ⻰˵ģҪԼĶҲĸҲɲˡ
⣬һγһۿȥһʮÿһӵģⲢγɵģʮȴԪص
쿴Ȼ󣡡
˵ʮƶɵģ֮ڴʮǿϱһУûģǳ󣬿Ҫǿˡ

ڿʼΣϵۿٵ䣬γһ˫Ҳڿٵı֮䣬Ȼ˺ڹʮӦʮֻɫֲǶ֣֣һǿ֮ڣɶš
ڰԪأ
ʮ⣬󾪲ԡ
ȻԪأ⣬ڰڣȻһ߱ԪأѹǿˣԭǸ˫Ԫߡ
ӷ粻ɵЦһʥŮ̫ϳϣҲֻͷѣӵеһ˶༸ѣ˫Ԫأ˵ˣǸ̫һһε
ȻԼǰչֳ˫Ԫأ˫ԪغţԼŮɶԪأԼֻһ֣һԪأԪˡ
ȻֻԪĻʮּ򵥣ѪԪһԪڵǣȻԪصʮޣγһ󷨣󷨻߱ǿӷȥ
ӷ磬Ϊ𣡽ʶһϷɣ֮ڣһս
ɲɵϣȻӷӵǿеĻùԼΪԷһԼΪǿɱӷ磬ԼڣͬԼξһеһУԼƣݳӷ
ӷҲûһ󷨷ԼľĴǿɶҪԲ񷶦ȥעģûĹעپ󷨣ĳǿǰҲǲһġ
棬Ҿ浽ףΪ
ӷҲҪԼˣֱӳڳ˽ȥ
¡һӷһ󷨣ͬʱһǿҵıըⱬըǳӷײģһըʥŮ̫ϳ˵ûκεľţһǳ˷ܵӡ
ӷҲ̫֪ߵغˡ֪ϵǿʥŮжĴڣʥŮδظֱӳϵ֮ڡ
ѽεĹͣˣӷС쵰ͲҪҳ֡
ſӷȫʬɣţ裬ûʵҲ˷װƵ³


2217 ֮ս
һһһ޴ɱսϵɱսʿ֮ƴѪȾƬأգһѪ
ǿޱȵΪһ壬Ҳˣ˵ֱӱȡӷѾ֮УƬ޴ɱ¾֮ڡ
ˣ
˭ӷֱӳ󷨣γɵڣֱǷΪǲǵΪң󷨵ԽԽǿеɱ¾ҲԽԽң󷨸ļͲҪάֵģǿеɱɱԽ󷨵ҲԽ
¡
ɣҲв½в½ˣ䲻֮ǰĴ𣬵Ҳܱӡ
֮ڣʮɫԽƣֱسʮΧ鲼ŵ⣬ЩͬһıĤ˵ʮʮ֧ìĻǱ鲼ΧʮƣìܽΪһ壬ʮ޼᲻ݣƣ
ӷ磬Ϸ󣬱ǹΣ
ЦƽΪĶ࣬ȴֵһˡ
ƾһˣǲҪԼܲó˵󷨣òϣ½ʥŮ̫ϳϣмˢӵģĳӷ磬û˿գܽƽ
ȻѾˣҲѾܱǳӷû˿·ңӷ绹ţĿǰǲҪάֵģһάֵʱ󷨵ͻڼǿʮеɱҲԽԽʮҲı»Ҫǿüʮ
Ļ쵰벻Щһ̬ǿڳӷһоɱĻɫ󷨣󣬱˵ȻҪǿô࣬ǿѽҲѹֶ½ķĳǿߣҪв½ǿô࣡ǳڵЩǿߣԪ꣬ѦŪЩ˱֮⣬ûԽҲв½ΪλǺ½һҪԭɣ˼ҶĵƣԪ꣬ѦŪȴûУ򣬳ӷҲô׾ǳǣѦңƳϻˣ
Ҫ󣬾Ҫҵ󷨵ڣΪõģ󷨵ҪߣΪûйһ󷨣ֻʮγ󷨣ܱΪˣҲ˵󷨣ʵһһγ󷨵ķȴڣʵӷһ㶼İ뵱꣬ӷոĸʱ۲һƸӷ𣬳ӷƣҵǽڣõ˾Ż֮Ĳ񷶦
ѹֵ۶޷õǾˣԭΪ۲⣬Ǿ⣬Ҳ˵Ϊ⣬Ϊ𱻷ӡڲ񷶦֮ڣǲŸԪ˳ӷ֮ĵת֮⣬κˣܵõǾģ໥֮䣬ҲΪһģȻ𱻷ӡڲ񷶦ڣǸʱҲڲ񷶦һ֣Ȼܵ˲񷶦ǣƣҲһӷ֮ĵתϵġ
ӷʲôٲֵĻѽ
վڳǽ֮ϵ̼˽ӷģӷԲᷢƴһеɱһ·ֻҪɱһ·ҲȻˡ
ڵĳӷȴһҲڷֻǱסˣʹ޷ǾܵˣЩ̲ȻҲͼ
ǿ
ħŮûȥжôǿ󣬶ɢ֮жǿ
Ϊ߼ޣޣҲֻкռŻСҪҵѱޣȴǼǳѵ飬ǾϷκ˵ġû뵽ȸ߼ޣǸϼһȻҵʮֻһģȫѱˣƳһ˿µ󷨣
Ǹô죿ӷƲˣǾϽĴƹȥܲԾĴ󷨿⡣
ȱ𼱣Ȼʮǿ󣬿ɱˣӷͬŷͬޣĳĻޣ
ѽڤĻޣʱӷն˸ͷŽѱģʱҲõ˰ɡ֮⣬ӷ绹һֻΪǿޣһֻڲ񷶦ڵֻޣڣӷ綼ûڲ񷶦һôĴڣǲ񷶦Ļޣڲ񷶦ģ걻ǿһӡڲ񷶦ڵġɲôΪҪģ
ǰɣܺáҲģӣȻҸޣǾҪþ׼
ӷüĴһ˳漴ӷ絥һӣֻüĴĽڣͻȻ˾
ӷѾܾûùˣΪ񷶦ڵľѾʯӷҲȥáڣľŴԪѾȫøڲҲֻǸˣڲóã̫Բˡ
ʲô
ӷüĴ˾ޣҲǴ󾪲ԣ
ǡӷȻҲһǾ
ߣСѵϷʮֻ𣬼ֱǲ֪ߵغ񡭡ɱޡڹϹɱɱɱ


2218 
ȷֻԾȥʮȵĻϣ棬ӷľвʮֻģ˵ʮֻΪ߼ޣӷĽҪ߳౶ϱȳӷĽһӲɵĻɾʮֻӷľ
ǣˣӷڲ񷶦һ֣Ų񷶦Ĳǿ󣬵ĵ߱䣬ȻҲǿղ񷶦Ϊ֮ã֮£ʮֻͲһռݸ߼޵ˡ
໡
޴ֱӴ˳ͬʱհ㣬ǿޱȵĴȫɢʥŮ̫ϳ϶е˼顣
ôǵʲôޣȻǿˣ
Լ۾Ȼӷ籾ͬģǾԲֵܵס͸˵еʮֻˡ
˵Щ治㡣Ŵȸʮֻɫļһ
ʲôܳƵŶҼֻ޹͸ԳҲδ̫СְɡȻ񣬷Ϊ֣ܶһССҲһĴڣҲǴڰˣǰĵ绹һأѵЩһ𣬵󣬻Ǳӷ磬ҸˣǳңҲܸռѽ˵Ҳһʱһ̵ģҲǷΪ˺ܶģܳΪռеǿڣǲǵ֮
ֻǶ½ʥŮ̫ϳ϶ѣȴں½ǶģҪǷĴ½ʮڣҲֻǸСɫʣЩĶܳƵ
ƨ󣬽ʲôȥɡ
ɱ
໡
ڳӷĺ֮£ֱ˲񷶦ʱһ޷ĵز޴޴צӥץС㣬ֱӾͽһֻֻצ֮С
ֻһĻóǽϵ˿ҲԾӷʲôʱǿˣеޣҲǿˣôҲ벻ѽѹֱָȥƶ½ʮԭһѾгˣ
ɣϵʮֻγɵģÿһֻӵž춯صû뵽ӷľȻϵʮֻҪǿȥϵᱻƵġ
ѽΪʲôӷҲ̫̬˰ɣ֪ŪȻϵʮֻ֮ûУһֵޡ
˵ˣ쿴ӷǾһץסϵһצһֻѽϵʮֵֻضûС
еĳӷѾڿն𣬾Щ˵ǰ㣬ʮֻγɵģһʮֻˣνҲȻȻƽˡ
ɳӷ粢ûֱӾͽʮֻնɱȻӲ̫̰ĵҪʮֻΪã˵ĶЩΪԼãЩûǸҪֲһ磬ҲΪķҪкãԼ׵նɱʮֻźЩǿͬǿġ
ãϷҪˣ
´󼱣һ󷨱ӷƣΪǿĵҲûˣǸʱ򣬳ӷҲȻǵһɱԼ
λٿˣ֡
һǴв½
ʥŮ̫ϳϣһһнߣ˿̼ӷȻ֮ܽ󷨸ˣȻ֪²ӷгǿɾͲ̫öԸˡ
Ϊǿߣ֣֧Ԯ
ȻӷϣνֵסӷʱʥŮ̫ϳϣǱ֮ڣʹ͸ӷĴһģֻҪǵܷ赲סӷ
ںϣʮ硭
ںϣʮһ硭
ںϣʮ硭
¡
޴ıըϼһѾȫںϽǵС棬ȫһһʮһ硣
ס򡣽ߣסϷϷס˺ӷɱ֮ڡ
̫ϳϳ̫ϳȫˣĴ½̫ϳûֹˣԴǿֺ߳Ĵսûзˣû뵽ССǳǣһԭ֮ĳӷ磬ȻĶ½ʥŮλ̫ϳ֡
һѾʮһ磬ǵ֮Уûиӷκεѹѽ
ļһʮһ޷ѹƳСӵǸʲô̥
³ǵѣӷ˴̫ǿƣ뿪Ļպ󶨻ΪǼĺ󻼡Ϸ򿴣ȥʥŮһ֮ɱ˳ӷ˵İɡ
ãϷд⡣ǽ죬ʥŮϲͨ³ǣʮλ̫ϳϣնɱӷ硣һսҲóӷˣĲԩ


2219 죡
ķʮ̫ϳ֣½ȵ̫ϳϲûжھ̫ϳϳˡ
ɾֻ̫ϳϣ˵ʵԲʧٺ½Ϊǿߵ໥ƺȶ󣬿Ǵδġ
죬ӷһ֮ʥŮͨ³̫ϳǿƣȾƣóӷˣѾ½ĺʮҲȫȻ֪Ҳζţӷ粻̫籩¶ںǰ뷨Ѿȫ·ӷ粻Ҫһ飬ҪȲߵĸ󣬸
ȻǿҶӷһ㶼˽⣬Ӳ֪ҶѾ֪˳ӷĴڣ֮ԲԳӷ֣ΪģΪгǣסҶϣǳӷĲġ
Ȼ鶼ѾչزҪ˲ǾԲܵģӷҲܻ˲ȻǾŸϼһ֣Ȼǳ˳Ҫɱ䣬ҲնɱǾ·һӣҪóеˣΪŸϼһѾ˰ٸһ磬֮ǰʥŮȫһҲʮ
߱䣬ٸһ֮޵еĴڣȻ˵ѾٸǳӷҲֻʩչ֮һƴˡ
ۿӷľѾץסʮֻһצһֻʱܽʮֻû뵽ǾŸϼһ֧Ԯٴθʮֻǿ
е֮䣬ޱȾ޴ֱԾ޴壬˾צβһ˦顭ļȫ˦Զ
ǿĺڹ⿪ʼ¾ۼڰԪںΪһ壬ɱӵӴսϵսʿ֮ǰûʱҲҪʮ
ɱѪȵζóӷ綼е㷴θз·һʹսǷ·𣬷ʵһеãڴ˿̣ʵɱѪͳһѰѵ֮УҲǿеĳӷѹȥ
ӷս֮ڣɱȫӷ֮ؼУϳѺۣѺо޴ҷɽͬһʱ䱬˳Ҫ㣬ֱܱɵǿ˺ü
ԪصԪصͬһʱ֮УŸ̫ϳϸԲͬԪȫ˽֮ںϽŸ̫ϳϣȫһһٸһеĳӷ綼Եֵ
ˣ³ӷ군ˡλ̫ϳѽӷ绹Ǹ˲ţȻ̫ϳȫ֡
ѽһսӷǱɣҲ¡ʣ˭㣬еľλ̫ϳͬʱɱ
׼׼ռǳǡֻҪӷһǳǸҲͲˡŮˣƸ˭б˭ȥ
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2220 ƴ
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Ÿ̫ϳϣȻȫԵС˳ÿһ˵Сڣʮһ磬ǾͬʱסԵС棬ҽ˵Сۼһ


2221 Ŀʼ
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߳ϵ壬С棬ͬʱһըʧ֮䡣
쵰Ҫɱˡ˶̫ˡλҵǾսˡ
ļһһ֮ȻҵȡȥˣһСԸǾͰ˸һϣײ壬ǷҲһǿ


2223 ʨɱУ۰£
һ־һС棬ǿʮһѽ˵ӷԼõЩ磬ָϳˣ˵ǿ߳㲻ǳ͵ǿߣҪЩûġ
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ӷ磬ΪǳǵͬʱԸ·ǡ

ӷӰһֱӳ嵽ͨһ̫ϳϵСǰһץסϳϵС棬ɫ͵һӣӰٴһץס˵³һ̫ϳϵС棬Цķϻģڣɱǡϼȥɡ
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ҲɱĻᡣһУɱǡʥڣ
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֮ǰ۸ȥڳӷָ˻
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2224 ɱоִ
ŶɱУӷ粻Ӳ֪ʲôЩɱ֮ڵģһʮȷģųӷԽǿ󣬿ھͻһȫµɱУңÿһɱеĳ֣֮ǰɱҪǿ
ӷԿ϶ڵÿһɱУֻɱаˣܽÿһɱиܽγһȫµԴΪνġСһУһ֮䣬ȴܽأνɱС
οڳֵɱУ֮ǰļ֣ҪǿĶ࣬ⲻɱбǿ󣬵ϳӷ籾֮ӳǳӷġһȥ·ؼеԴַ·أں˽֮ϣͬӷԼҲںϽ˿֮ڡ
죬أˣλһ壬ȫںϽ˿ڣӷԼʱѾֲԼſ񽣣ǿ񽣿סԼһȥͲɱ̫ϳˡ

޴ǿҵĽӷϣһѺۣĳӷȫʹޱȡ
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ʲô㣬ղŲǺɱˣĴѾˣֺҪ˻سȥѵǺˣ
ϳ˵ֵһ̫˷ˡôࡣֵǣɱѽ
ԣӷһе㲻̫Ծ⣬ӷԼԿסһˣ˻سȥ󺰵
ӷڸʲôһǴѧģǰɴûмѽ̾
ڹܲôˣٲ˻ȥǣᱻһˣ˻سȥ
¡һвһɾ޴𶯣ⲻǵ𣬶𣬳ӷһȻͬƬʣ
ϳһţ˸Ľų죬󺰵ֵܣѽۿɱˣҿѽ
ոճǵĻˣֱӾͱǿĽ˻ȥɽ˵ӷѵһɱ𣿡
ܵģֵһǳʲô⡣ףǻ˻سȥɡ
Ϊʹʹɱһصģڡ
˵ɽ֣ӷһƻûӳеɱȥͬûġ
Ƴ˵ûΧ֮ڵ˶ûģѾĵˣӦǳ֪һΧ
лʣ̫ϳϣʱǸܵĻᣬĳӷ̫һֱӾȽǵС棬ȫˡ
һ̫ϳϣ·ѣڱڳӷ֮ǰѾˣҲԻ
ǣһҲ̫̬̫Ź˰ɣȫͳ˳ӷ󣬸ǰѧɱһҪǿڱˣ
һɱʮ
ӷͲϲ˵໰ڣҲ̲סһԼӵеĻǰҲôˣȻǰԼӵд˵ԼҲᱻģ
󣬶Ҳȫڳӷ֪ķΧһٸһ磿Цˣһǧһ磬Ҳǿ
۰£һȫв½һɣ
СӣϽɫСе£޷һ
ô۵ڳӷԺô˵ôҲӷΪһ壬ʺ˵ģȲ񷶦Ҫʺϡ
ôۣ⵽ô£Ϊʲôһ֮󣿡
бҪôԾ𣡲ǴˣһֻǸһ֮ϣͻʧġã㸸׻еԣֻǷ˴ٸһ㣬Ҳֵס
ʲô
磡£۸Ǵ㴦ǰ֮ٸģû뵽㸸֮ǰʥȥΪ˹һѣ֪ĳǿߣԶԶҪµĶࡣ
֮ǰʥȥѵ֮ǰʱʥߣԼĸ׳ˣΪʲôԼ棬һԼ֪ʥ֮ڣ
˵϶֮Ͼûоˣֻܿʵʲôʱðʲôˣ
˵е㸴ӡ㻹Ƚһȫ꣬ЩСһ۸ȻġҪסеȥһɫСĿǰӵеĻĹ֮Ҳһȫ۶Ҫù
ôۻ̾˿˵ˣѾûоˣָоã
ӷˣôվ˵ʹѽָоãͷѽôۺǸͷ
ᱻȥиߵľ粻ңһ׼ûСһ£ôۣ˵һ£ʲôȫǳǻ᲻ܵƻ
Сôϻٲȥͻᱻˣ


2225 ȣ
½һͬĴ½һȫԱѩ۶ɡ
½ߴΪȣҲǱ½쵼ڵء
ȾͬһűҲɱγɵģڹűڵһУʮֹվһߣϣһ޾׵Ůϥɫ԰ף˼صˣŮӣǱȵĹҲǺ½ǿ֮һġ
ФѾüˣһɫûУǱ½ʱٺ룬Ҫ취ѽ
ʲôФѾˣϷȻǱȵ̫ϳϡԺƺϲңϷǰϷ򣬱ȣֻһλ
ǣµĴѾˣҲΪЩһ
죬ڹˣЩһ˵ôʲôΪҪģҵݣֻлݣƹˡ
ɻһΪݣӵŶĵطΪ֮أҲǱ½ǳ˫ŵģܣҪҵҲǼ׵ѽ
ʲô취ҪҵݡǸ޵ʱǱ½չƣһĴǵ޷赲Ψ޵˽֣˽⣬Ҳֻйǿ⡣
ФϣΪȵ̫ϳϣҲѩŮʦڱʧٺ˱ȹһʱ䣬ɼȻڱѾˣ֮λȻҪΪ̫ϳϡ
ڱ½¸أû֪ͣɷϵģǱ½ǿһûκˣΪС
Ф̾˿˵ʲôʱͻȻһɾ޴𶯣ֱȶ΢΢
¡¡
ʲô£
Фϻ䣬ϥϵıͻȻۡһһѪ˳
ˣ
Ļ˫ۣһ˫ѩɫ򣬿Ф϶ˣФϸһϣɫĶҪѿ
ղŵô£ѵ޵Ѿ½
һֻסԼؿڣѩɫ˫Ҳʮֵĳ棬˵ǡ
ѹıľ˵һФ϶벻Ļ
ʲôЦⴿζʲô˿֪ܲФǶ˿ĺܵģǱȵ̫ϳϣФϻΪ׵ϳϣȻ˵ġ
ûˣ
ôܻû£ڵ£ҵ˸ҪФϣȥ̽һ£ʲôˣȻ˴
ղǡ
ԽˣǴӵеġ

һŮӴ˽Ҳֱ˵ˣ
ϻ˵浽׷ʲô£
ǣ沢ûзκ顣ǰв½Ĵڷص·ϡвǳǱߣ˴¡
Фʵʲô£ϷǽպǲҪұ½ʱҪٺǿУʱܸκһٷͻˡ
Фǳӷ硣
ӷ磿ǳСӣ
ûӷ粻֪ʲôȻв½һټ˶̫ϳϣһŸˡҾ·ȫӷˣ
˵ʲôӷһˣ·ж½ľŸ̫ϳϣ
ǵġʮѽǱܵĿĻҲӱ³
⣬⡭
ФϵɫӵѿľŸ̫ϳϣ·ʮȫˣҲ̫˼˰ɣԼЩԳҲô̵ʱڣʮѽлоŸ̫ϳϣ
ⲻܣԲܡǸӷֻǳͻȻֵһ֮ˣıֶζȡǳǣҲô̵ʱ˾Ÿ̫ϳϸʮѽ
Фߵ̫ϳ˵
ǲܣղŵĴǳӷģǾŸ̫ϳϣϲ·͵ֵס
Фϣ˼˵ǸӷѾ
ۼһٸһ磬ڶС棬ת硣
ʲôЦۼһٸһ磬ڶСתȾ½һĵѽب˲ǰ˸ͳ֮⣬Ҳû˵ת봿ģ
˵Ǵ磬ǸղŵĴ֮ǴӺζģ
ѵǸӷһת˴ĳǿߣ磬ǿĳǿѽݺ½ܵеġ
ұ˻ԣǸղǴ֮ҸˣҲһɣҵӺã¸ղžֱӱǱˡФϣϵպǣٶȻҪ֪в½Ǳߵ̡Ҳӷ罫Ǳ½Ψһϣ
ģϷǰ˵ӷˣ뽫֮ģ˵ӷסǳǣǳǵļ嶼ӷˣʱǱ½ʱٺ޵ĽϷպѩŮǣ취ӷ棬ǳˡ
ĵ˵ͷ˵ղŵĴǸӷ緢ģľûģ½в½ȫûǱȴʲôû˻¶½ҪʦˡɲôܼԵһˣȫʱս׼
ǣ


2226 ͨĹƻ
˵ʲôʮλ̫ϳϣȻȫû
ϲ½ͨߴǧһëһֽߵľʯ˷飡ë߽ͨεҲǴͨһ̫ϳϵλεģͨʧٺλӣ֮ǰҲɳʮȥ֧Ԯв½Ǳߣû뵽Լɳʮ̫ϳϣȻȥ޻صĽ
һյв½ǱߴϢ̷ŭ
ϢǧȷġϲʮܹʮŸ̫ϳϣȫˡ
ͨһ̫ϳϸսӵϢ㱨ڻ㱨ǰҲеʮ𾪣ôᷢ飬ССвǳǣʲôʱǿˣڵʱ򣬶ǿѽ
Ƕأͳʮ̫ϳȫв½ȥˣ
Ҿ̫ϳϱ֮ǰˡ
쵰ֱǻ쵰ǳǵ˶Ȼ½﷭У½Ϊʲôһ¶ûУǵʱʲô
ʵε飬ҸյϢʱҲ̫šΪǳǸһһ䶼û֣ǳӷһˣͽ·Ŵ̫ϳȫɱˡ
𾪣˻ޱȵ𾪡
ڿʲôЦһˣʮŸ̫ϳϣ浱Ǹӷͳ߲ɣǿһ¡ȷǳӷһ˸ɵģ
·뵽ʲôʱ֮䣬ɫӵѿ
ûȷǳӷһΪѵ뷨һ
֮ǰ𶯣ǿǶ֮ϵһȫ¾磬Ⱦ磬ӦҲ˵ɣ
ϵ˵ͷ˵ܱǿȻͨͬ⼸½쵼ҲȫˡΨ硣
磬ûֻдŴǿƵǰĲ֮󣬺½ϣδֹĳǿˣɽ죬ȻˣһпܾǳǵǸӷ硣
ӷǴĳǿߣǾѹһ֮·ľŸ̫ϳˡ
ӷǴ磬Ǽֹǳǣӷ綨˵ġǵֵܵסһĳǿѽ
ѽ磬ǿ϶֮ϵȫ¾磬Ҫۼһٸһ磬ڶСתģں½ѾûȳǿˣӷǴĳǿߣǺ½ĵһˣ޵еĴڣκһˣκһĶ֡
鷳¿鷳ˣ磬Ⱦ֪˲Ǻܶ࣬Ҳѽִ˵еľ磬˰λ½ͳѽ

ȱ𼱡£ǱҪǸӷϣж٣
ǳڲϢӷͲǺռǴռǱġҾǰǳǵĴϣӷ绹ʧȥеǳǵĳϻᣬ׷ɱǳڲûɱ˳ӷ磬ʱ䣬ӷͷΪʤǳǵ壬ס˳ϻᣬʹǳȫϴơ⣬Ҿв½֮в½εεҲв½ĳҲ˵ӷѾв½İˡ
Щ
ǵģĿǰõľЩˡ
֡ӷǴĳǿߣǰᱻǳǵļ׷ɱʱתĻǴ֮ǰҲǳ޵еĴˡҪ֪ת磬ǱҪۼһٸһ磬ȥڶСġ
˵ûת֮ǰҲžʮϵһˣµڶ̶ڵõʮһȥתʮһ֮£˵ǳǣ¾½ҲûܶġȻˣΪʲôᱻ׷ɱʱ䣿
ֻһܣ
ʲôܣ
ӵд֮ˣǳӷ磬ı֮ˡ֮·ľŸ̫ϳϣĴıһĳǿߡˣҲʦ֮ġ
ӷ籾Ǵ磬鵹ǺðˣǵȴڣԲмԸǵģֻҪǲӷв·Χǳǰ㣬ĴǿߣӦҲ鷳
ûҲܷӷ粻ܡʮ̫ϳϣһҪʥŮ³ǣҲͬ뷨ֱҳӷĻ֮˻֣ԣǱҪһֲС
ָʾǽô
½α½һûУӷķŹǣǱ½ѾӷʲôЭ飬ӷŻŹǵġ
˼ǣȶԱ½֣
û˫ˣ½⣬ӷͲܲܣҪ½ǹʱһԷǼȥϵʥŮ³ǣǺһͬȷѡ
ǣȥϵˡ


2227 ۣ޵У
½ңԶĺ⣬ʮÿһӴޱȣÿһ½κһ½Ҫ޴СĶϺҲʤ½Ϊʮ½ʵ̫ңԶλյߴܿ½ͲܿĵʮͬʱģֻҪǿʮеκһҲĴڡ
ʮУΪģҲÿһһӴλʮϷҲ˵ǺĴ½Īĳɶʮеʮˣδ̤Ĵ½ڣҲ˵ǺĴ½
ԾŰǰѾΪͳ죬еۣ滹ͳŶʮССģһƵҶ滹ʮһһ𣬸պʮȻΪȻԼĳ۸Ҷ˫ͣսĻʱգʮ˭˭پͺ˵ˣϾ۵ЩȫǴҶģ
ߴһյɽۣ֮ΰӰڴˣԵķ½ڵλá
ڳ۵󣬻վһˣһŮˣһȥʮҵŮˣŮ˵ǿޱȣηۣɴ˿ɼŮˣǳ۵¡
Ĵ½ˮҪˣһǧˣռʱʱգǰһǧû뵽һǧ䣬Ȼô¡
ӷԵĺܲɣѪı״ÿһӵѪﶼܻһ꣬ԣ۸ӶˣѾ״
Ƕ˵£ȫ뾡һа취ѰԼ뽫ԼϵԼĨȥսѵ治ȥֹ𣿡
Ůһһѳ̽Ʈ죡
ҵĵǵı£ˣǻ΢ֹһµġ
۷·ûȥֹѰԼ˼ҪҾ;ȥҺˣֻҪҵ߷Χ֮ڡ
ǶͬǩԼھԼʱ仹һ꣬Լдʱ䲻ǲܿսġȴܵĴ½꣬ҲΥԼġ
ʹߣˣ
ҴˣҴģѵԼдĺǶˣһǧڶ£ȻҲǰǵġȻҲòϣӵǵ󣬿Ҫѳ˵ǰ棬ӼȥΥԼĻǵˣһֵģʱɾͲ˵ġ

۴Цһ˵ʹߣ˵ˣһҶӣСͲߣʮ꣬˶ԼԸ磬㣬׵Ķȥı䣬˵ĻȻҲģڶԼϵԼȷдĺԣҵҲڣһǧڣںĴ½κεط̫ĶǣҪԸĻҲô׵ģΪԼ֮һҶͬҲеһ
Ů˳⻰Ϊ֮һ˵ʲôҲһ
û񷶦ڲ񷶦ӦúɡǰǸ𣬾Ϊõ˲񷶦ܳɾһҵģδȹ̣ͱҶˡҶӲͬŲ񷶦ͬʱеĲһСðѾʧܸҶӣϣҶȻȡĽѵʱգű䣬űǸνζʲôӦҲɣ
Ůӵɫʮѿǿ㿴ǰĳۣ˵ǸӶ˵ߵʲôˣĳʼǸӶһ˵һʥ޼ӾȻ˲񷶦
ʲôһǲҲԼҶ߲ʽܿϧһһǣȴһ˵һһά򣬶ȴһɾ
ҶѾɾȴڣѾ㹻ˣٶһռ㾻Ҳǵҡˣղ˵Ҵ㣬ǵʲô
ۻתͻأһ˫׹һŮʮȶһѪ˳
ۣ㡭
ģǲвҡ֮ڣҶвңһʹߣӿ治Сѽ
ۣԽǿԽҪˣԼ޵УȻС֣
ģҲɱġвҵˣҪۡ㣬֮ǰҲֻʥڣ㴿ԻһС棬Ͼɣ
㣬̫
Ȼ㲻Ի٣ҾһѰɡ
۴һָֻŮں¡һ޴ıըŮӵը˺üѪء
ۡ
磬㣬ˣ
ŮѽԼʮͷͳɾ˴ǿڶѽû뵽γȻ۸ԼĴԼкĿ壡
ۣҲʹ˰ݵġҵţծӻҴ򲻹㣬ѵĶ𡣡
Ůӻ䣬ˣٲߣûˣ
۲ûȥ׷ɱŮӣȥɣȥҶӱɣԽԽãûѹĶǳСҲʱɾʹˣ


2228 ˣ
½ܹʮŸ̫ϳϣǳȫûģʬǣһûһģѪȣҲȫǿˣ
һ
ӷһʮȫǳˣӷԼڵ
νĴ磬νĴ϶˵ֱĪѽһһҲ˵һУҪǶв½ᱻݻٵ
ӷѾָ˱ԼôѾص˲ãҲû˵ʲôųӷܿͻ񷶦ⴿʸڽ񷶦֮ǰӷ绹ҪһҾĺ£
ǳǵ˸ղȻûȫɱȴҲкܶ˼һĻϳǣճǳ˻һ̣ÿһˣǺӷһʮģô۰ӷסһķΧʹǳǵûܵ˿˺ƾǳӷԼ޷ȥһǳǣǸʱģɾͲʮˣͬǳǵˣɰ׹ǣ

ӷ˿˿˫ֽŵ񽣣˫Ķѿ֮ϣǳ۵ʥҲ֪ôǿȥģӲ֪ѽʲôͶɵģȻܳסǿһ˶ûУ
Ľ£ӷվǰ׹ǵм䣬ΧȫǱӷһնɱĵˣ˵ӷԲЩеʱ򣬾ټթļۣɵ﷢ѽ
ӵŴ˵ǿһԶԶֹӲܽеȫУ򣬾ϳӷ磬ôۣҲǿƲסģȻֲɵֻ˻߳ӷˣĳǿߣԶԶ˳ӷ󡣱Ϊӵ˲߱޼ɵˣֻҪûű䣬Ǵвģ
磬һȫµľ磬϶֮ϵľ磬һٸһľ磬ղһȾĵӳġ
ǿÿ£ѽ
ǰ棬ռ䣬ʮ֮һɣ˳Լ֮⡣Ҳѹֳռڻûκε׷ˣʻʲô׷Ψռ䣬Ĵ½ҵڳ۵Ķ֡
ռ䣬Ƶ磬ѵⴿߵľ𣿲ԲܣֻһĻǳۺβеȫ֮ڣѾ˴ˣⴿ磬Ҳܳʮɣ
֮ϣž磬мЩʲô磬ӷ뾡콫Щ̬˷ָľȫ
˼˽ķȫ򿪡
ӷߵ˶ſڣǼȫվ￴ųӷ緢
ӷҲǲɵĿЦһ˵ңҵҲŷӦʮɸһϵľУǵȫǳΪģĻӷ粻ֱ˵ǳڵļϸ֪ҲѾʮΪβ⼸½Լ޵аĴأرǱ½ҪԼˣԼ֪Լһʮʵر½Ҳ뷨ˣǳȶ֮󣬾Ҫȥһ˱½ͬʱҲҪѰһǿѪԪصķв֮ķ
ӷ磬ղһһʹ˰ݵġ˵ѾиǿϹˡʱķȫ򿪣û󷨻ǣ»ġ
İɣһ·ЩһֲɵϣһѾŵ½ˣÿһӦܸоĵһɣֻҪǳǱʾһûУҲǲġ
ӷţҽͰڳճǼˣЩһҲҹֻҪǸҾ͸ɱ
Ǻã˽еĳȫ򿪡Щ
˽Щ׹ȫȥͬһƬҪеĵ˶ԣҪʬǳɽҪͰ׹ǳɺ
˼һĶģθҲ̫˵ɣʮʬǣȫͬһƬƬʲôӣ
ˣĿǰλãǰȫģԲ˸ʱǵ鷳ҲҪʱǳǵľװԶһһΪҪĴڣװ̫һˣҲܳ÷չȥоǣ֮ǰҶ˲һ磬߰ʮҴ㽫еһָλǵʵ
ѦŪǵ磬֮ǰǵ磬ټǾŸ̫ϳϵͺˣֻϧѽŸ̫ϳϵ磬ѾǵСһͬӷˣ
磿
ϳǼ໥һۡ
ոȥģ˶ǷҩԴԪʲôġ˳ӷֱӷˣǷһ磬ţѽ


2229 
ڣ˵Ҫ̸裬ȫȻӷҲԪϻ˹ǸǷ磬ֻǼʶһ£ǰЩνѧԺ壬Ƿҩ֮ģⷢûȣʲôдĴССֵҳӷӲмȥ
˿ԪɫʮѿʮҲŸüͷ
᳤ҾͲųӷô󷽣ȻѦŪǵȫˡһѽǿںθʮ꣬δĵһģҪȡ˵һ磬ҲںѰסӷװʲôƣΪ㼸仰Ǿͻˡ
Ԫŭ֪ˣ籾˷ͬٵ磬Ҳ䵽ӷСˡ³ӷǿޱȣһʮŸ̫ϳ϶ɱˣڶʱ֮ڣ½Ǽǲ鷳ģˣҲ
᳤ǱҪΪԼ̺ú·ѽǳѾӷˣǳ˵㣬ûǳϻĵλˡҪϽΪԼ·С
㵱ӷɵ֮Բɱǣǲǳ̫ҡû´ĻЩˣʱӷĶ֣ǣҲǳȥġ
񲻳Ľ֮𣿡
ʲô취˭˱̬ءˣ˵ˣѾˣȥ
ǧ㳤̱죬Ϊ㣬ҲʱֻҪţͲӷõǿȥ½ǼҲ뾡һа취þһֶӷġʮĳ𣬾ǲҲˡ
ӷ˶Ѿ̸˳ӷߡ
λղѾ˵ˣεջСҵõ˺ܶһ硣Ϊǿõ磬һңϣԴΪ
˶٣ӷ˵ȻŴҲĵжһ磬ϾնɱЩˣﶼи˵Ƿһȥ˲СֻҪңôٲ˴ҵġһ룬Ҳ͵֮ˣھȷʮ硣
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ӷһ˵ҲѾ˼˼һҲӣֻǸˣηַ磬ҹϵõȻǵõģҲһΣϾǵһηַ磬ԺͲͬˣҪչ͵ĴСַ
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ʱ֮䣬õõ˶õˣЩûõģֻܵˣһǳǵʵֱʮΣպҪǿУҲӦˣ


2230 ׵ܣ
緢ˣʮʬҲѾȫ˺󣬶һв½ͨ½һƬ򣬷ﾭˣ۰׹ǣҲǸ½һʾɣ⼸½֪֮ȻҲ
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2231 ޵
޵λڶϺϱߣںʮС֮һң浺֮Ϊ
ںЩƣԷģҲֻжϺŴڶ֮ĺ򣬱캣ǺʮֺЩڲͬĺҲȶϺҪ౶ǶϺ޵ͱв½Ҫ࣬˵һ˵һĴ½
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2232 ǿ߳
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ϲ½ͨľǿߣ裬½ʥŮľǿߣѰ½³ǵľǿߡѾȫ齵޵ڣȴɳˣȥɱӷˣ


2233 ٹӣ
ոչ˳ʱȥɱӷ磬᲻е̫ðˣ
Сĵ˵裬ѰȷˢӣҲȷԼ֮ϣǱϾǸոչ˳޵ʱȥ£һʲôľ鷳ˣ
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֣ӱˣ˱ɱ飬ġ

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ٹӲûЦȻҪɱӷ磬Ҳֹ޵ֻǴѣɲǱӲɱӷġ

˭ƵٵѵƵĵѽƵϼһӦòôĲŶԣ
ٹҲûж˵а׹һһƣǰһ졣
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2234 
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кηԸ¶ȫԸ
ѾԱߵķˣҲȫƲ򣬲
ӸղѾ˵ˣӷ磬ڻܶ
ܶӷ磿Ǻ⣬ѵλ˵еԳӷ˼
ǳӷɱ޵ˣҶӣӦΪǣΪʲô
˼ֻǲҪɱ˳ӷ磬ͿˣģԼŰɡ
ֻҪɱ˳ӷ磬ô춼УǾﻹùһ㡣
ǣȡ˳ӷġ
Ǻá֪ѾȥԸӷ磬ǲ˵ˣɳȥЩСɫǾɱӷġ
ɱ
ɱ˳ӷ磿λҲδ̫߹ӷ˰ɣ
֪ôģԽҾ㡣Ըӷǿԣ޵Ҳɴ⣬Ϊӷɲͨһͷ޵ס
ʲô
޵סѵǸӷʲôͷ
ʸٹӣ˵ǲǳӷı󡭡
㲻ùܣ֮ǧҪȡ˳ӷͺˣȻ롣
ʵٹҲֻģ֪ΪʲôҪӲ֪ӷͷλĺܵġ۵ĶӣɱɱˣƳҲסˡҶڱչأ׼ԸۣʱһӷˣټĺĴ½ռ䣬˭ۿģ
ʵҶĶͺ֤ǸˣǱߣȥɱˣֻҪ۵ĵʲôð죬۵ĵߣȻĶӣӷˡ
ѾվڵˣڹţٹӲߣĸ
ʵǸӷ磬֮ǰҲѾˡ˵ʵʱӲǲһѣֻӷ統ʱͳ󣬾Ҳǽȥġ
󾪣󣿵һôĲĳǿ߶ȥӣǸӷ磬治ǸöԸĽɫǿޱȵķ֮ģ
ҶûвʱðŷϵһΪ֮գ֮˻ҲѾָΪҲûʲôˡһ֪Ǹӷ絽ʲô磬Ȼǿơ
ٹ˵һʮȻЩȫЩϰĴڣһôˣԼ룬ʲô磿
ٹĻ֪ӷ統һʮɲǳӷԼʵڱ˿ǾǳӷɣϾʱû˰ӷģһ֮Կ½ľӸЩ̫ϳϡ
ֻҪٹӣ߾ȥ̽һ³ӷ磬Ҳȥ̽һ³ӷ磬֪ӷΪһʲôˣ
һʮѵҲǴ磿
ڻԿ϶ӻȥһ½Գӷ磬һָơˣҲˣڰɡ
ٹӴĸŮתȥʱվ
ǲҪǽл
ˣȻôóӷ磬ǳӷˡĵǣǰȥܲ


2235 ľԤǳǣ
ȫǸ棬ӣҵѾķԸȫϹˡڵǳǾһȫµǳǣǰж䶯ҲûôӦһΣӦٶȻǰϺܶࡣ
˵˽ӷʮǰһϵзԸȫ㱨һ£ӷҲԵһǳǵģӸϲһ֮󻹽ҵЩҵȫΪһ壬ɲҸϾڵУڲҵӷҪƽһҵһҲһ̫ˡһȱݣǾòȥϡ
Ȼ񣬳ӷû㻹ңҲûֱӰ˵ǰδͳ̫ۣĶ½ǻ鷳ģȽ취ǿ
񲢲ǿģǿϾͻȽ鷳ΨһƳĵҩ񲻶ϵĳԣܼܲǿֻҪǿˣȻҲͻȥ㣬ǲ߳ӷġ
ӦһǹһǰɣٷӦӸװΪҪġҲҪͬʱҪǿ㣬˼ǱҲҪץҿɲ´ζ½ٴǳǻ֮ǰǵ
ǣģһжڽУŹ˶ãǳڸֽһΡ
Щ¼ҲǼġˣȥɡ
㱨뿪˼ȫڻڣӷ˵λǳǵҪ鷳ˣҴȥһˡ
ӷ磬ȥʲôط
ҲѾһˣв½⣬һûȥĵط񱱲½ѾˣҴȥһ˱½ҲǵǱ
˵ֵܣϴȥұ½æǸͲǣֱȥ½᲻ʲôѽ
һʱһʱڵǳѾǰǳˡ½̫ϳϣۼҵʵڱ½ͳ⣬ǳ˸֮⣬ûİȥӦơȲ˵½ǲŹ½ʱģǺǸ޵Ҳʱǣһ½֮⣬ͲٴԮ
˵ҵȥһ˶½
ǴǸСʥŮϷѵ˼
ûǸСʥŮڶʥŮ޷ȥȶʥŮĵλܰʥŮĻ½׵ġ
ӷЦһʲôʱ̶ֻˣǽ߳īߺѽӷ̫ˣӷףѧˡ
뷨Ǻõģһɹ޷ס½Ҳҡȥ˶½ֻʣ³һˣҵһʲô飬һӦġоǣϻЩϺɶǳصģȻѪסǣʱһǹУӦϵĻƻ⡣
Ǹô죿ҾʥŮʵ̫ϧˡ
ӷһ£˵ɣҰѱ½鴦֮ȥһ˶½ǸСʥŮҲʶңȥֱȥ̸Ӧûӷĵġ͸һǳǡ
ǺðɣԼҲҪСһ㡣ʲôʱ
ϾߣȥءǻҪһľأǼһﲻ֪᲻ҲڵʱܻȨǶġ
ľؾֻлǸһˣ̸ʮ濪սľزǵĶ֣ľصֶΣû˱ȳӷģǳǶᱻȥ
סľǸôˣҲҵĻǻᾡ콫ҳֵĻᡣ
ţҪмǣˣ뾡һа취ҳһڳ̨ⳡϷǱ䡣
ӷѾ׼½ˣӷģľظû̫ԶǳǲԶ֮סʮ죬ȴһĻᡣ
ӷ磬ϵ뿪ģֻҪһߣǳǣҵˡ
ľشЦȴûз֪ʱ󣬳һŮˡ
Ůһۺɫ·ûдκεɼȻϢľ󣬻ûľط֣֪Ů˵ǿ
ǳǣβ˰æ
ͻأľػһתǰŮǿޱȣԼûӷᣬҲǴ򲻹Ů˵ġ
ľؽƻĺܣ֪֪˵Ķ֣ôܽоء
֪ǺˣҪǳǣʲôϵ
Ů˵ֻɱ˵ģ˳һѡ
ɱˣҪɱӷ磿
ô֪
ڵǳǳ˳ӷ֮⣬Ӧûֵȥɱɡ
ϲˣҲһѡӦһ
ľؿɴҪκ˰æģǰҪڸӲҪǳǻҪ˰æǾԵԼ̫ûˣ


2236 ǰ
˼˲ϲ˺㻹ԼԼİɡ
Ů˵ǿľҲκιϵΪʱ붯ǳǵģȫǳӷĵˣԼֻͬڶˣóӷ罫Ǽ绹Լ˵ʵһǳǣľػ治ܳưԺôҲľĿģ
Сӣ˲Ҫ̫קˡҷ㣬ĸ
Сӣ
ľضʱЦݺµʱ㻹ûͶ̥أ
ȷĳ޵ݺʱѾǰˣǰŮôҲǻѽν£һͬ°ˡ
ǡ
裡
ľػһ֣Լģ
Ƕ½ʥŮʥŮǿ֮һ
⻹ľصϣû뵽ǰŮ˾ȻǷ裬ѹ붯ǳˣǼǶʧΪʲôͻȻˣ⼸ǿأ
Ȼ֪ҵţӦҵæǱҪܵģ㲻ܣǾͲ뿪
ǿľظѹסˣľظĻᶼûС
ǿľֲɵӣ㲻Ҳܾܾˡ
붯ǳǣ޷ɱӷˡҪӷôɱĻҲͲҪλǿԳˡ
⻰Ǻ⣿ѵʥŮʥŮһӷ綼ɱ𣿡
ȷǿǰһɽڳӷǰʲôǡ

ȱŭ˵ʵѵ㲻֪Ƕ½ʮϲʮӷһо͸𣿡
ľ⻰÷һ
һʮڿʲôЦԼҲûǵѽ
ɷҲľظûҪƭԼƭԼһôľеģ
˵ģ
ͷʮǰ飬Ϊ½һǿߣѵ֪𣿡
轫ܻأϸһ£˵ӣǳǲֱӽȥˡ
ȥҲҲӷġ
ΪΣ
ΪӷѾǳˡҪɱȥ½ҰɡȻû´ĻȥǶ½
½ӷȥ½
Ҫ֪֪ѾȫˡڵĿɱӷ磬ǳǣ룬ӦûȤ˰ɣ
ȷɱӷģȻӷ綼ѾǳˣҲûҪȥǳǵע⡣
ǼһﻹǸȻµӷܲǳǣ˷ͷ¡һˣǰˣ
䣬ȥ
ľص˿Ļ쵰û뵽νľǿ߾Ȼǿӵеһ磬˵Ҳʮѹ½ݺô֮꣬Ϊǿˡ
ڣ鷳ģɾǲԼˣӷ磬รɣһʮǿɲԼڲǷ裬һһ˭ʱ֪һȫǾǿߣڶɱģ˻û½ͻǡ
ľشЦһԼԼ£ӷأһضˣǺЩ̬͸˵ˡ
Ȼľ֪ӷӵŲ񷶦ģ򲻹ܻûģԼǳڵɡ
ͬʱӷѾǰ½һһˣЩ½֮һͬ㣬½֮һЩƷ˵һȥԴ׬Ǯ˻ǱȽϡٵģ˵һ֮ڣֻһҴᾭ
Ǻֻܴ¶ʮˣˮָڣ
ڴû˯ĵطģȫڴϷ紵ɹʲôȻҪȥĴ½һҪʹࡣ
˵ûУв֮ĺȫǰ׹ǣƬѾһƬˣû˸Ƭеģ½֮ˣƵС
ʲôЩ׹ƬûС
ʮİ׹ǣĵطܻ𣡡
ʮֵܣ˵ģǲǳһսİ׹ǣ
û˵ǳǵǸһʮ˽Щ˵İ׹ȫͨ½ĺĶ½ǱߺǷŭҪӷǳǵʬء
ѽһоʮǸжѽһ㣬͵ڽ½ȫˣǶݵġ
Ȼݣв½ݣ½ҲΪ˶ҪַĶ󡣡
ôлб½£
Ȼѵû˵½Ѿв½½ѾγӪԣʱῪսġ
ŴЩ˵Ļӷеܾȡ
ЩһǴĵõϢȻ½в½˵Ƕ֪ˣȻڻûˣ˻Ѿ


2237 ţ
ĺٶȷǳеףٶȣвƬҲһʱ䣬ٶȥûи߰ǵ˵ġ
ȻǷеĻǹƲһ㹻ˣԳӷĿǰ˵ҲͰʱܵӷ粻̫ҡֱӷȥ½𲻱Ҫ鷳ɲǳӷǰ½Ŀģǰʺϵģ洬ϵЩã˱Ҳʲô⣬ϾЩǴٽ½֮ľ÷չһ·½ֲɵӣȥЩõ鷳
֮ôΪرԭҲǳӷ˴İϵ˵ģǳ˵в½ǳǵ⣬˵˹Щϵ⣬ǾǺ
ʵ½֮ĺ򣬲ں⣬½֮һ߰ˣЩУźüĺЩ½ˣȴΪֲͬԭڵĴ½֮£ֻΪܣΪ˺ңЩ½Ǻ֮ǣһ٣ǾͲ֮ˣҲᶪҲΪʲôʻҪԭֻΪ˱ܿЩ
ɫڻƻ֮ʱϳһƬ⣬кܶӺǧлҪüֻ޴ںߣЩǲṥ˵ģ
վڴͷļװϣеһУҲһֻƻʱ澰ˣ澰ڵ磬ǲܴڵġ
λɫѾǵٶҲʱʱǱܿõķҿԷģǵĴˮֶǷǳоģƬҲѾʻʮʮˣƬĺǳ˽⣬ҷĵϢʱǻдģʱԿʱһ澰
ʵһϣ˳ӷ֮⣬ûκ˻ᵽЩ澰ȤΪ澰ЩѾֲˣ
СӣôõҲ޷˯ɣ
ʱӷһȥʮӷ˵ʵӷڸϴʱѾˣ˿ȥͨһǿߣԲףҲһ˳Լ֮⣬Ϊǿġ
ϴû˵һ仰ۺǳǵʱҲȫûƵģ˵һ־ˣһ羲ˮľ硣
û뵽˻Լ˵ӷе㲻ԾʶģڵԶ
СӣҪôţĿǰ㲢޶⡣
ʲôĿǰû⣬ѵ㻹Ҹʱжⲻɡ
ӷ˵⻰ǺЦȻǲɵЦ
ҲǸͨĽɫʲôʱϴģҹˣû⵽ˡ
Сӣʵֻ䣬˵½ѩǲȥһģֻϧＸТ޷ںˣЩТȫɱˣҲûʲô֮ˡ
˵ĺɣﶼɱˣȴɱ˼İƵģһ㶼˿ʹࡣ
ˣӷ翪ʼ˵øУҲʲôˣȻ˵ղǾ仰;ԲԼģԣԼҲǰԼġ
Ǹ˼ˡͲʮңûĻǻ˺üɣ
ˣǱŲϵһ϶ˣǻᱻʵ͵ġСӣǶҵˡ
һ˵ôأŶɣҲʶ㣡
Сӣҿӡ÷ڣ֮ڣѪ֮֡
ô㻹ῴ𣿡
Ҳֱ˵вĵطСǧҪϡ
ʱΧĺͻȻһĻѣӷһʱ䷴Ӧ˿ЩѣԼ߿
ҿҪˣѪ֮ѾˡѪֿ֮ɲһѽ
ϵ˸ո˯£еˮ֣ڣȫҿˡ

ɣĿ湻ġ
˸ղŲ˵𣿡
λλ벻ҪţƬĺʶģӦòʲô⣡
ʶʶһҲʶĺɣ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦΧҲ˵ĺһġ
ΧҲǴ󾪲ԡôˣĺƬģΪâẠ̊́㣬âẠ̊́Ҳʮ˽⡣һĺģǴţâǺȫͬģ˵ұĺһĺ
â֮⣬µţȻͬʱˣڸô죿


2238 صͼ
ʲôâǣµЩƣӷ绹ǵһ˵
û뵽½֮ĺ򣬾Ȼôĺ֮ǰеҪܶ࣬һ𣬹ǧɣлмǿߣ
ĳ֣ӷǺϣʵڲеĻǾֻǷȥ½ˣһӷɲϡ
ղŸӷ˵ˣ֣Ȼҵطһ֮ĺȫˣǿߣͨĳǿߣ˶ܹӦģΪʲôҪء
ӷͲһùµˣʵڿ۵£ӷԲԼ鷳ġ
ͶɣһϵҲľѽ
˼ÿһ˵ﶼ
һǻӦ㣬âǺţĴԱɶǸЩģȻܻڣ֪âǵ˽⣬ǳ
ô죿ֻâǣǻܣһǻ͵ĺսû̫ġµ˶ˣʲôʱһѽ
ȱô¾ףҿɴû˵һǵжԵĴڣ˫֮ǲܵԷĺٵġµܵâǵĵˣ˵Լͻȴǵġ
ںϴϽһʱͷһԣĺпܲٵģ໥֮Ҫսֻˣɱ϶ѡ
û˵ӷҲ뿴⺣֮俪սһôĳ飬ԼɴûԺҲһսģյ㺣սľбҪģ
µ˸ţЩ쵰ѾΥ֮ԼȻܵâǵĺȰϹȥâǾ͵Ǵû򣬽춨Ҫµ޻ء
Ѿ˺ŵһ˵ĻѾ֤˴Ĳ²⣬ǲٵģ໥֮һսɽĻôϵ˵
âǵ˸ţȻƬǵĵ̣Ҳ˵໥֮䲻ðԷģ⣬˵µŸˮŵҲϵˡ˵âʱµֵĻǾ͵ڸŻˮһõĻᡣ˫ܾˣȴܼˣ
ʲôмˣ⻰ֺԣɲܵսģģֻϳ⣬˲б˿ɼ
鷳ˣ鷳ˣ쵽ʲôѽâǸµŸˮŵҲĸǲõģȫۼһˣ
˵Ļʲô˼ڡ
ˣ߿ˡ
ȻںֳĻѣĺ
ʲôĸţƽﶼǸռһģôĸȫˣ
ӷЦһû뵽ȥ½·ϻôȤ顣
ĸţʲôģȻǶΪͬһģǸûҪʱȫۼһ
ӷ翴һȴûطɶˣʵӦİɣ
ҲǲɵĿЦ˵Сӣô֪ҵģ
⻹򵥡ڴ˶û㣬һ˶㣬ҲҪǿЩҲµģȴҪ㣬Ծֻһˡ
Ŷ˵˵ʲôԣ
ƥﻳ˵ûɣ
ǴѽѹܳΪв½ȫµİ
Ŷԭ֪˭ˣ
ҲѲ£ں½һУǳǵĳӷ⣬ûӵʵ
ǲǿԸңЩϵõʲôΪʲôԣ
ʵҪҪǣҽܽʶǿߣҲҵ˰ɡ
˵ţ˴ӻóһţƤֽ˵СӣȻôԵһˣҲûʲôֵǮĶΨŵͼҵļҴ֮ͬʱҲЩҪ֮죬Ҿͽͼ͸ˡ
͸ң
ӷЦһ˵ôຣΪŵͼģȴͼ͸ҡôҰԸЩ𣿡
ʵСȻġȻҵͬӦЩȴûʱȥΪһһҪҪ졣
˵ţֱӽͼݵ˳ӷǰӷȴֱӾܾ޹̣Ҹһμ棬Ķ
Сӣŵͼɲǰ͸ģҪһæСȻæɲǶԸЩ
ŵͼңҪҰæͬʱЩҲҰӦҺ̫˰ɣ
Բģ֪ŵͼʲôͼĻͲÿˡڻܽŵͼҪԸ㣬Ϊұ뿪ˣţǺܿͻġ
䣬ֱӽͼ˳ӷҲ˵ʲôֱ֮ͣУ󺰵ЩˣҪĶǴһгӷСбµĻԼȥɡ

ӷʱ׹ļһȻԼһף֪ͼǼ٣ģҲһԼãٿ˵ĻⲻֱеĺìͷָԼ


2239 裡
ӷ﷭ˣȻһ֪˸ˣˣĵͼֻҪеӵ˶ܲ뵽ܻ𣬾ģԳӷиëðãֱˣìͷȫָӷ硣
ȻӷȻҲԸһЩģĻոǳĳˣܾͻΪ±ͣϾΪҪһոҪģģԶǿж˿򣬵ǳʮŸ̫ϳϾͰˣոսһǿƣҪһˣ
ˣǰ˵ĻúȥҴϵĳӷ磬ѵӷǳǵǸ
˿ܵ˳ӷǰͣĴųӷ磬ΪŸոհʱ򲢲̫ڣڳӷòŴ磬ܿĺ
ɲôǰᣬҲ̫һǿѽز˵Ҳ̫ǿƣˣôܾǸһɱʮĳ
Щɲ̫࣬ǶЩٵˣõֱֱȥֶΣںܶʱǸͲҪӵģҪٺϵЩֻҲֱӿȥˣνսǴδȥ
ʱ򺣵˵ԼҪĶڴϳӷҪҵѾˣȻҲͲ̫࣬е۾ȫ˻ҲѾ˺ʵ˭ǳӷ磬ϸӹ
ӷΣʱվҲ̫ãЩҲʱɱϴģֱ߽Ӹ
̾˿ӷ翴һеĵͼɵĿЦһĵļһҪ۵ģǧҪϣһڻ⼸ʱ䡣
뵽⣬ӷֱӾվ˴ͷļװϣΧĺ˵ǲĻȰϹ
ôĿ׶ˣȻҽǹ˵˵ʵЩˣǺټģ˳ǿ֮⣬ˣôǰ̫꣬ѽ
ѵǳǵĳǵĻǽоˣ
˵ҵ֮ǰ۲ʶ̩ɽûϳΧǣҲ֪⵽׷ʲô£ֻ֪ܾǡˣʱǧܶǲѽ
ֲɵЩϳӷ磬ǸղǸ˵һ仰ìͷӷȥģӷ粻ˬĻȫܲһ˸Щǳǳı£Ҫˣգ֮ͻֱʧģ
ӷ˵İɣȻҴû뿪ȻЩҪңҾͻ޻ء
ӷ磬ǳǵĳȻСѽ
ʱһŮ˵ֻ󷽣һͻ֣ӷˣĺڣȫڿն⡣
âǱߣһ˵ҵģŵ衣ȶ֣ڸô죿
âǵųҲǵҵǸǸȣһɫñӣƤǳڣͷǾġ
âǷԴź󣬲ʮͽŵǰųɱˣסţŮʮֿ£ǵҲ֪ĵϸȻҪȶȥͼǾͲȥͷ󡣡
ǵҵģͼ䵽⼸ĺУâǵ֮𣿡
ģû˵𣬴ˣӷ磬ǳǵĳһɱʮвͨǱߺϣǰ׹ǣպƬŵĵ̣һ֣Ϊ˵ͼΪӷ˽ʮİ׹Ƕǵĺʹ޷ں⣬λᶯŭġ
âǵų˵ĻΪΪҪǴܷĵŵųΪʲôȲĳ֣֪ԷǸݽɫϡ
Ҳâһ뷨ȻҪͷǾǴˣӷܽŸˣǸã⼸˵Ҳһ֣
軯Ϊһ⣬˻֮ϣӷ˱۾оƺ㲻һǿߣŵǿ߶ҪǿһЩ
ӷ绹оУһȫͲģһ
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⻹ǳӷѽû뵽½֮УȻҲ޵ĻΪֻкʮŻȴأӣ裬治Ǹ򵥵Ľɫ


2240 ֮
һʮŮ˳˼װ֮ϣųӷ磬ɫ·ͷҲǺдϻһɫס
Ů˱ϿѾ׽ΪˣֻҪϸ۲죬ͿԷ֣Ů˵ľǴڼƬɫƬģƬŮӦںеޣңĶӦͬһˮģȴȶֱܶ࣬ΧĺҪǿࡣ
ӷ粻ûЩ޽Ӵھĵʱʶ࣬ǰеһ֣Ȼͬǰħޣħ޸ޣֻ֮Ľͬˣ޵ҪħǿһЩ
裬ӷҲ棬˫۸ûһֱϣǿ˿ΧЩЩûжӷ²⣬ЩӦ̽һԼĵϸ
гӷ磿
ֱʵ
ӷûлش𣬵ȴǵ˵ͷʾԼǳӷ硣
ǳǵĳ
ӷ绹û˵ǿЦһ
ƺ治һġСѽɼȻ֪ҲӦ֪Ҫ˭˵ĵ
Ҳšӷǳǣʱ׼½սôܻ
ѽ˵ӷȷӦǳǣӦóģĿǰ½˵֪½в½ǲݵľƣ½Ѿв½ˣ֮ӷߵҪȶ½֮࣬£ӦǱ½ȥв½սŶԣӷ粻ǰ½ġ
֮Σ˭涨ҾͲȥطģ
ӷ翪˵ţûȻӷ粻׶һŮ˶֣ȷŮԼĵˣǳӷҲͲὫŮ˿
˵˵еǸӷȷ˵ǰʱ䣬Ĵ½Ϲǳǣ;½ȴ򣬳ӷһ֮½ľλ̫ϳϣһ½ʮǿƣȷǺ񡣡
Ȼ֪˭㿴ǲҸӣȥ
֣֣ܲӷ粻Լȥ½鱻½֪鷳ġ
Ǳˣ˵һǳӷĻ
軰˵һ룬һѺֵ֣һɫͷ߸ʮ֧̣ʮּӲӡ
ҾͲܷŹ㡣
Ǳˣ˵һǳӷĻҾͲܷŹ㣡
仰ǷΪ˵ģóӷơ
λС㣬ҺʶɣӲܵѽֺαؿء
㲻ʶҲҪȴ֪ӷŵֵܣ޷ǵĺ⣬ծ˵һ𣡡
Ҳ⣬⻰ǴӺ˵𣿡
ʮİ׹ǣ˶вͨĺɣҸ㣬ŵĵ̣Ƭڿɺãһ㣬Ƭ򶼱в֮ĻȫҪƵУû⣬ȫЩһˣʧɱ㣬Ĳɡ
ӷ粻ɵ̾˿ԭΪǼѽ
ҪɱҵĻҽ㻹Ȼȥ˰ɣΪҵˡ
ӷһ˵ǿڶ̾½ˣеһգ˵֪ҲĶ֣ĸżһ𶼲Ķ֡һʮѾ½⡭
˵һֹͣȴûнĻ˵ת˵Ҿ첻ΪѣֻҪ㽫еĶңҾ뿪
㲻ѻ˵꣬˵һתƻ⣬ڳӷ˵;ˡ
⣬ֻǸȴֻ֪޵ĻѵǴӺ𣬱Ͼ½Уû˵ܻΪεġ
ӷҲԼղ˵˻ֻҪӷĵͼ˵ѶҰɣⶫ˵һôûС
˵ͼ˵ɣҿԸ㣬ֻҪܻشһ⡣
֪ʲô
ǲԺʮģ
㡭
ɲᵽ飬ӷˣҲ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôʮǸǲ
Ȼ㲻֪ʮΪʲôҪ㡣ȻôҪĻҲǲУƾıɡҪ㣬ҳӷɲϧһ㶯֣Ҿͻɱ㣬Բǰвڡ
ӷѾеһǿѹʱҪ˳ˣ
ɾϣͻȻһ
ţǶ⶯֮Уȴżصɱ
ֱӽӷȫƽ⣬ӷֽȫȫ

֮ǰоǸеļһǸǿߣû뵽ʱ֡
Ҳųһ亹ɻ


2241 ս
ŵǿҵɱɱܹεģΪһ񾢷ֻͣΧৡĵ漴һҽ

ʹĺϾ˷ĴֻȫζܶຣѾ֮£ҲкܶຣĴֻΪ˵ķںס
ܲԭɼǼʵҹնʱе׵֣׵粢û
ӷѾӵ˲߱ٸһ޵еĴڣ˵ǲ߱Եֵġ
ã
ô۵ͬʱڳӷԺ
Ļȳӷѯʣ˵磡
ĸ֣ĳӷ´󾪣
û뵽һ뿪ǳǣ뿪в½˴ĳǿߣùѽԼɻûۼһٸһ磬㿿Ų߱Ҳ޷ĳǿ߿ѽ
ʱӷ취ԼֵĴǿߣӷҲԿ϶ǿ߲½Ǻ
ѵ޵
ѽ޵Ǿ껹ǸٵأûдΪ޵ĵ޵ϣһһĳǿ߰ɡ
޵Ļ˭Ϊʲôʱ֡
СӣҪӲƴĿҲ㡣
ҡ
ôôһ˵ӷ練Ƿշµģһν
ǿĿ˵ֻҪǿǱߵǳ綼ҪԵģ˵ǿߵĿ겻ԼԼҲҪԣʱˣԼҲˡ
СӣʲôǧڲԸ˴ǿߣ⻹һĲĳǿߡ
ܲôˣȻ綼Ҫԣھ̽һⴿ絽жǿɡ
䣬ӷ̽ɫСҽȫе˳ͬ߱Ҳ˳
ǰʲô磬Ҳ̫ˡֹͣ
¡
ؼ䣬·һǿҵıըӷʱڿնʱʵһ䣬ɫӰӷڵĺ򿿽
ƵٹӼݵ
Ů˵ңԶʴһųһ亹֮ǰɻ֤ʶ֮˵ģ
Ƶٹӣ
ӷƺţ浱ǴˣĸŮ湻ŵѽ
ԭĿ㡣
ӷһֱӽʱܵĻᶼûˡ
ſңȻҶҪ
£Ҫɱң̫ܡ
ѽǴΣڳӷ֮ϣҲɱ˳ӷ磬ʵڲУֱӽ񷶦Ҳˡ
ӷ磬Ȼ㹻ǿ󣬵ԸٹӣҲֻǸˡ
ٹӣֵͦŵģˣ̫ϲǰװƣȻˣǾͻһɡ
ǲ֪ߵغƵٵﲻ𣬲ģϸһȥ·
Ƶٵ޵ٵ
޵ðѽƵɱ޵ϰٱء
ʲô
⻹ǳ˳ӷϣǸƵȻ޵ǿô࣬Ҳ˵һˣҲѹִӵŴĲľ磡
ٹӱǲôͳڳӷǰģ֮ǰҲڰй۲ӷˡͬٹ֮Ի֣ҪԸӷģӷ޵˶ԸʱҲҪ֣ǳֲ֣ɱ˳ӷ磬һ嶼ûС
ٹ֮Իʱ֣Ϊһˣˣһֻ޵Ļ
С裬û뵽㵨ӿ湻ģȻұƵӵ½ӵ㡣

ӷ翴ԱߵһۣԭһǴƵġƵı޵ôĻΪʲôƵ˻ֻ˵أΪʲôҪƵ
ٹӣҲֻǷһСͷԭ쵽﴿Ϊʹ꣬˼ҵС棬ʹһӶܽ봿ˡ˶ңΪʲôҪƵ
ԭǱνĸٹӸˣԭתˣȴ֪ʲô飬ٹӾȻ˶֣С棡
ٹӸûĻϣʱҲûȥ裬Ȼ֣ȻҪƵͽȥˣɼȻѾӷԣٹҲ뿴ӷ絽ôĵơ
˫תƵ˳ӷϣٹеʯ΢΢һɲ֮䣬¡һƬȫ
ӷͬʱǧײȶӣȴһѪӷв񷶦ڱٹһˡ
㣬ǳӷ磿
ٹʵ
ӷЦһĲ㣬Ȼ˵ãȻղԼһʮҲԼֵܵסģ
㣬Ӧ֪˭ˣΪλ֪أ
Ŷѵͷֱˣ
ڰмʶ㲻ʲôĳ֣Һ⣬Ҳϲ
ϲʲô
Ҳûʲôֻʶһ£ĳǿߣж̬
Ŷ뱾һս
㲻ǾͲһˡҲγֵĿ˭ȻѾҾͲڰмʶҡ
ˣ
ôڶӷ磬СԽԽˣȻսǿߣⲻҶ


2242 ٣
ٹ֮Իʵҳӷģǵ֪ƵͽڴˣȻԼѾ½Ǿ˳ͽ⻵ԼƵ
ɸٹôҲ벻ӷȻҲԼƵͽӷ緢ʲôͻڸٹӶԣǲҪֵģӷԳӷĵϸͬʱҲţӷһԻɱģһõĺ¡
ٹ˷ǳںӣԼƵͽڱ˵ǲԵԼƵ̫һͽҪ˵˻յĵˣǣٹӾԳ֡
ӷ磬뱾һսǲԣȴڡӽ½һʵҲ˵㲻뱾Ӷ֣ʱҲȥġСƵͽ챾ӵĿ㣬ˡڿˡ
ٹһֱҪŹӷӣĲľ˵ӷӦж죬ڵĳӷȴû˿Ҫ˵Ĵ㣬˵Դȥ֮ǰںǴ֮󣬳ӷѾķģܷʲô飬ֻбķݣԼǾԲܵģٹӵΪԶԶԼ֮ϣӷҲģƾ񷶦ô۵ܸٹӶԿ
ӷ绹̫Сˣ򣬲ôҲҪ
СӣҪ֣в߱ҲǴĶ֡һ仰кúǰǸˣѵô򵥵ĵ𣿡
³ӷᷢ񾭵ȥٹƴ֪֮ȻҪӷ硣
ӷ粻ǲľ棬ǽȫȫȵʱǿѪȫ漴ɫСȫסѪ⣬ǿʹԱߵ趼е˼顣
ǿһٸһѽѵӷѾǴ֮𣿡
赱걾תģΪ飬ٹС棬һӣ޷תˣڴ磬˵һٸһʮġ
ǰĳӷ磬ֱӱһٸһ´󾪡
ԣһٸһȴǴ⵽ô£Ϊʲô㹻ˣȴûеڶС档
迴ųӷ壬ڵҲԸоĵӷڸͲڵڶСģҲ˵ӷͲǴûе﴿硣
Ǵӵǿˡӷ磬ûﵽĻǸٹӵĶ֣òҪ
ǸٹЦһ˵ӷ磬СΪãҪֵĻҪƬˡ
ٹӵȻҲֻŻӷģΪڳӷ֮ϣҲǶȻҶӷëٹҲܿĳӷͲǴ磬ֻӵһٸһˣ綼ûĽɫ벻ͨΪʲôյΪ֣
ֻһСôۣҳʱʲôҪǼһֵͬʱǾͽеͬһʱ䱬οɲҪӲƴ
˵Сӣʲô㶼Ǵ򲻹ġңõ걻ǿ߸һ룬ͬʱ֣δصֵסСӵһ
û֮ǰһʮǵԼᵽġСҲѾǴĲˣеļ󣬱һԲȥ
˵ǲϵĿʼͿˡǻΪҪǼһﶯֲɡ磬˵һûۼ֮ǰһѵһ𡣡
ȻС֪ΪʲôҪѲС޲ɣ
ҺθɡҪģǸٹеʯ١
ʲô
ô۶һӷﵽʲôһĳǿ߶ԹΪģֻеʯ٣Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ôͨӷ˫ۣע⵽ٹеʯʱϹﶼɵһ
ǿʯͷϣҪƵҩҪϣ
ûҲǵǲϵˣ¯дǲϵӡʯͷˮһкϢԽеͨǲǿǧ򱶵ͷų
˵ûǵȷҪĲϡΪǲȥһĳǿƴ᲻̫ðˣ
Ҳ˵Ҫ׼ͬʱ֣ҲҪֱӹҪģֻҪһңҾлʯ١


2243 Ľ
˵ӷ֮ǰ̫СĻǻ۹еǹĳӷ粻ɵĴһ
òϣ磬ȷһ޷һ޷ľ磡˵㣬Ĳ㣬¾ǵһľ磬һӷҲǵֵסģϾӷֻǰٸһ޵еĴڣһٸһ磬һ˵ڶС棬ʣӷֵܵסǻĹ֮ȫҲǰ漸е棬Ĺ֮ӷ籾˺Ҳ˵һӷеȥԸһĳǿߣǾͲҪܵ˵˺ҪԼ˺
ֻ׬˵ǳӷˣֻҪеӵˣȥġ
ɵǱߵˣܲͣһ׶Զ޷ɣӷ߻ҪǵİӷԼ߷չ˫£һչֻҪƳ㹻ĵҩӷţǱߵˣ಻һʱ䣬ˣʱֻҪԼ׼ǣһԼ뺣ս
ȻƻԶϲϱ仯û֪һƻ;лᾭٲۣ٣׼ȫҪ룬ü˹ڳӷ綼Ǻġ
ڸٹӸʱ򣬳ӷѾ⵽ʯ٣ҲѾ֪ٹӵʯһǳǿķΪһģ㣬ִĳǿߣͲм÷ȥԼϡ
һӷȻǲģɸٹǷϣȴóӷ綯ģǿƵҩΪҪĲѽܽٹӵʯٶᵽ֣ƳһٿΪĵҩЩҩ͵ôȥ䣬ԶɽҪӷȥⷽ⣡
ǳҹ֮£˷ĺ֮ϣٹеʯû𣬵ĸŮȴѾ಻סˡ
һͽҪӳ֡ʰ
ĸŮеһѾˣһѰɫĳֱָ裬һ׹⣬ν˽һȽľ磬佣ڴ˵ĻеʮֳԾ
Ů˽һͬʱĽлһĿӣʮһںϽС档
ƵǴֱѽٹӵŮӵʮһ磬޵ٵҲˣɴ˿ɼƵȷҪ޵ٺܶ౶һѾߣ½֮УҲ̫ϳϰĴѽǰǳڣ˰⣬һ˻ŮĶ֣
Ƶͽһתĳǿߣ˵Ĺڵ޷ȴ˿ľš
Ƶʵ̫Ϊ٣Ҳκ˵ɱɱ
ƢģΪ࣬ޣ׵Ļɱң⺣֮Уǿҵ¡
ȫ֣Ҫֱӽ뺣ףֻҪںУΪԷƾźƣܱġ
Ͳ޽뺣Ǹٹеʯٴһֱӽסˣ޵ĻᶼûУ

һٹҲ̫ǸˣµŮԼ֣ȻҲҪһţĴǿ
飡
Ůճ嵽ǰͻأӷ綯ˣֱӳǰָֻסŮİɫŮӸ޷ǰֺ
벻ӷԼղԼҪеͼģҪƴģһ
һһȴһţĳǿأҿĺͯ硣

ӷһɼĳŮص˸ٹǰһҲη壬ҲûֱӶԸٹӶ֣ȥеʯ٣ΪӷҪȴһʱ֮䣬˸ٹӵʯ٣ӦĻᶼľУ
ӷ磬ӣ㻹뱾Ӷˣ
岻ӣֲشɷȻҳӷӲмʲôӣɷһͦصġһĳǿߣ˼СŮܣҲ˼֣Ļ򡣡
ٹЦһȻӷĻûмŭóӷ˵ĺе˵˵ûСɫ֮Ķսӵȷʲ֡ȻˣǱӵȻҲܳԿˡ
ӷ绹ΪٹҪԶ֣û뵽ٹӻǸ͵סӵ˵ĸһϡǧˡһɱʮĳǿߣŶӦҲѾ˽ˡ
ŮȫվͬǣӣǽþԲģ
ӷЦһѾĹƨӣҲ̫Сҳӷ˰ɣȻĸŮҴ
ȻԼҴʱʯ٣ȻҪܵˣ
㻹ʲôٲߣܾ߲ˡ
ӷ˵
˫ȭһ˵ӷ磬֮պ󶨵ر
ٷϻϽ
ĸŮܣŭ˳ӷϣӷŮӷ磬ȻҹƵ¡ʶһĽֶΡ


2244 
Ըٹӵݣղųס裬±ӷӣʱȥ׷ɱĻƵҪˣԶﴫ֮£ģҲƵٵһЦ˵˿̵ĸٹǲȥ׷ɱģڳӷ˵ŮˣҲԲǸ࣬Ϊһ˵ڱðΣվ֮£ǲܶ¾˶һܵģȴһ޷ʵֵŵԾˡ
ʣԳӷʵҪһССպʲô𣬾жԱӷģӷҲûأԣŮڳӷѾһַǳĸоԼߵģΪȴУպ棬ҪպԼʲôв
ʵӷһʼʱôһˣݲɳӣǲԼ߳κεӲݣһˣǳӷͻ᲻һеֶθۣеӲȫ
Ǹٹۿųӷ磬ȻӷӲԼƵʱ򣬻ֱӵԼҲͳᣬӷ絽жͰɣյĶ֣һôˡ
ĽǸٹӵĸŮƽﶼǸڸٹߵģΪޣڸٹӼʱĸŮԲΪٹӱϾˣԣڸٹߵˣĽõ벻ĺô
৵ĽƬ򣬳ӷ˫ֽ΢΢ʹĸŮһʩչĽԶԶҪȵһҪǿĶ࣬ǽĻ²ܷӳ˵˵Ϊ˵ܷӳôǿǽʹӷ˫
󣡡
ӷһ۾ͿĸŮʩչһ󣬶ǸΪһĽǵĽʮ֣Ϊÿһ󷨣Ǵ͵ĻС͵ģλǰʩչѭģĸŮĽһûУ˵λѭǷǳңһǰһºһһңֱ
ɾֿȥ߰Ľȴܷӳǿʵóӷ벻ѽ
ֽȻܽǱ̼ʮ⻹󣡡
ӷû϶֣Ȼֽ֣Ǿǵĵϸ˵ȡһͽǵĽˣ
ôʱû˵ǶڵȣȳӷǶʱڳ֣Ǹٹӵʯٶ֮뿪
ǿ֮£֮ϣ˿ȻһԲ֮ڵĺȫסˣɫͷ·ΪĸŮĽģҲǸͳһеĳӷĸŮӰӶֻܸоǵƸ֮
ৡ
⣬ӳӷ߹ӷһɲ֮䣬ûʮӰʮӰΧⲻͣţȴûֱӽƽ
üһĽȴֻйûء֮£вУһʧˣȻһ̫Сˣ
ĸŮʩչĽ󣬲òóӷ羫ΪأȫĹܱܽ佣ı仯û´ĻĸŮѾֱڳӷĸλˣңǻҪģֻԽйΪΧΪҪҲ׵顣
Ȼһ˵ܻţɶڳӷ˵Сơ
Ѫ棬ʴ
ӷ罫ѪԪظ˳ѪԪȻδǿӷҲûҵǿѪԪصķѪԪȴʴһеΧЩѪԪصʴ֮£ʱ֮䣬ȫʧˡ
ȻӷϣĸŮͷΪĸλӷΧеİɫڲͣĻţĽ⣬ǵİɫӿͬһĻȳ棬һľˡ
ʧȥΪĸŮɫ䣬̿ʼۼ
һʽɱ
ĸŮۼһʱһһվڶԷļϣγһߣγһƵģİѰɫȫֶΪһɫ׵磬ֱӷ硣
ӷ̾˿ĸŮҲ̫˰ɣѵΪ㹥ܶԼ˺
Ŵ֮Ӳ֡

һƹڳӷǰ֣ʱ䣬һɫĶƣ˳ӷǰĸŮİɫ׵ʱӷһֶ˻֮Ӳϣǿ˽ȥ
¡
ɫ׵֮ӲһΧ֮ڵĿռ䣬һɾ޴𶯣
ǣĸŮ벻Լ˺һȻӷǿɫĶȫֵסˣɫ׵绯ΪһʧİѰɫĳȫ˻ȥ


2245 ٹӱӣ
ڵԣٹӵĸŮϵĻǱض·һ
ԼɱԼ£¸ٹҲܲɣĸһϾȡ˳ӷͷ
ٹ֪λԸģ˵ҲһԾŶǵҶ֮⣬κ˸Υ⣬Ƕ·һƵ⡣
˵ٹֻҪɵϵĻͲĸŮ֣ͽһưͿɱӷ磬ԼһΪʮеһЦ
Ҫ֪ʮУɲһƵǴ͵ģ֮⣬žŸǿԸƵƽƽģһʮռһ룬Ҷռһ룬Ҳˣ۵ûȥںЩС
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ӷĬĬȷԼӦ˵ģǽԼев⸧ٹӡ
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ϵЦ΢΢𣬾㲻ֻ֣Ҫһ֣Ƿʯ٣ҵˡ
ӷԺ˵ôۣ׼ҽǶֵʱͽеȫͨҵ屬Ҫһ˲䣬ʯٸᵽ֡
Сӣ㵽жİգʵ
ӷ˵ҵĵϸһﲻôˡһ֪ӵһٸҲ֪ҲǴһǼһﶨ롣֮ǰڰмʶңҲۼһʮɱ½Ÿ̫ϳϵһĿ˵ʱ򱣳ұ񷶦ؼʱ̣ǵٱǼһﶨΪ֮ǰصģǸʱ򣬶һ˵һʱ׵ĽֻҪһҵļơ
ȷĳǿ֮Ծһ˲䣬һӷ絽ʱٹ޷ǸٹڳԾͬʱԲκεĹʶĿʼ
Ȼȶʯ֮Ҿ̽񷶦ǰʧӰ٣ҵ뿴ʱȥҡ
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ãðһΡͬպҲãΪСӵķҲݵģ׷ɱ㡣
ҵ֮ǰѾܾۼһٸһˡֻҪת봿¼ûߣӦˡ
Ų񷶦ɫС棬ѪԪЩƣֻҪӷ˴磬ɾ˴ǾͲܻںһĲĴǿߡ
ٹеʯһ꣬ǰԶĳӷ硣
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ӷ磬ȻѾӵ´һˣڱӾȳ֮֡󣬱ֻУֵܵסеĻǱӾ͵ʲô鶼û
ٹûаѻ˵̫̫ˣʱ첻˵ĻԼ
ӷɲٹӿ˵ȻˣҿɾͲˡ
ɡ
ӷڵĽʢɫСٵһֽ⣬һѪ⣬ֹӷΪߣΪһɫĹâֱӳ˸ٹӡ
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ô
ٹӶԼۼӷһ֣Ǽģһλϼġ
Ĺ֮ôܣӷôܻӵлĹ֮
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ӷıըôۣͨӷ壬ȫ˳ʹĳӷ֮ͷ·һռıըƬ֮ϣһԭӵըĺ̸棬ĸٹ´󾪲ԡ
ӷ磬صĿ湻ģڵȸղҪǿʮʮ
ٹΣλ̫ˣȫʱй
ӷϣٹӿʼԵķеʯһʯٷһ׹⣬ٹӸ˰׹֮ڣϸٹӴĲȷӷǶ˵ġ
ΪһսǸļһΪȴҪʧȥ㶫

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2246 Ѫߵͼ
쵰
ٹ¿ŭˣôҲ벻ӷȻԼղҪԼսװģĿģǶԼķ
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˵ٹӵٱ鴫ǲǸٹӣƵŶӣٹݡ
ϸ׷ɱӷ硣쵰СӣȻҴ򱾹ٵ⣬ҪʬΡ
ղŻֵ侲ǳʱ˿̵ĸٹҲѹƲסĵķŭˣΪٹӣƺôģΪһֺ٣ȷųɾͷġ
ʣһûٵĹӣô֮ܳΪٹӣӷһ֣ɲǶô򵥣ֱӽٹӵŸȥˣ
ĸŮҲȫ𾪣ˣδ˸Ҵӷ⣬û뵽ӷĵӻ治һĴֱӴӹȥ٣ǵڹӵϳһصĶ⡣
ĸŮ֪λµһٹȥ޵þ˳ӷʱ򷴹ٹҪ˳ӷʹˡ
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վ¯ǰӷ罫У¯ڵһ𣬽һЩһĲȫȥЩϣǳӷ˵ģͷ˲񷶦ڵġ
һôĲϣƳǧŵҩˣЩҩȫһ˵ϣͳһ۷ǿߵġ
˵СӣˣǱߵ˿ɲ㣬ǲһܳô൤ҩģԶˣͻʵ䷴Ǳ˺
ӷ˵ͷ˵ûǱ˿һԳô൤ҩҲͲҪԼƵҩˣѾ۷ľˡ
ǲһԳô࣬Ҫ͵ҩȥ⡣ǱһϢûУҲµĲĻӦδԽ֮ţѾĵĲˣƶʱֱǹġ
ԼŮӷһ㶼˽⣡˵ľ綼ģԽߣԽǿ󡣿ɱȴǴӸ½ģ㾳֮ȫı
ŮǸ࣬ĿǰλãöûϵպġĿǰҪһǾ봿磬ղŶСӵķȻݵģĲ˵㲻ۼһٸһ磬ת޷Կǣֵ£Ҫ嵽ʮǿߣŸСʮһ绹ԶԶ
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ʲôط
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˵õͼϣͨ˫ۿһµͼصλá½֮⣬ȴһ˵ֻһ޴ʯγɵС½أڶǰӺռ׹ġڵʱܶ˶ȥǵطϵˣȫû뿪С
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ѪԪرаĴڣ˵ǸѪߣΪаѪˮһȷлǿӷѪԪء
ڶǰˣ½ϣû֪ɼȻղǻﺣͼ⣬û´Ļ޴ƵõϢһϢֲ֪ͨʲôĺ֪ˣǶΪһŲرͼŻġ
ǸҵͼǼһʲôˣ
û´ĻͼˣӦǵȥѪߵЩеĺȴûнѪߵֻǻŵͼġ
ô˵񷣬˵ѪߵǴӺ׹䵽Ĵ½ģΪаѪˮѵа۵Ѫˮ


2247 Ѫߵ
аʲôˣӷʵ
ô˵а뱾ͬһʱģǸʱδۼĴ½ȫɢں磬Ϊаһаۣһʱ仹ȱҪࡣڱ۳֮󣬿£һǿվаһսɱųΪʱһǿߵġ
˶٣ô˵걾а۹֮аۻΪһѪˣöδҵ
˵˵Ѫ߶еѪˮпܾ˵Ǹа۵ġܺʲôµĵˣɱͬһ޴ʯ׹ںĴ½ġҲɱѪ֮ˣǿߡ
аѪѪΪʳģѪȷΪаģѪнĻǿѪԪءѪ߶еѪˮǷа۵ģҪ֮ܿ϶
ӷô۵Ļ󣬶ɵĶĺռе档ôĴڣаȴаĴڡʵô۵ĹҲǴżаģֻһûѪֻһüӰˣ
ȻˣǾȥѪߵɣǿҵѪԪأʱֶһŵˣһǿĵơ
ڳӷѪԪغԪѾʮֵر̬ˣܽѪԪؽǿɵģڳӷ˵ǶһŵƣϾڣǿҶֻгӷһӵѪԪˣ
ţֱӽ֮½֮Ҫסͼһյıǣ֮ǧҪյǣΪյǾںΧˣһ뺣Χͻϱʮ˷ֵģǸʱҪ뿪̫ܣ
ӷϸһµͼϣȻʶȥ̽Ѱͼǵ·ߡ
˴ԼһСʱ֮󣬵ͼϵ·ߣѾȫӷļںΪһ塣
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ѰƣֺΡʱ˳޵Ļ¾סǸǴ˵еĴǿߣԲԼЩӦġ
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ᣬҪֻһᡣ磬ֻҪܵ﴿磬Ǹʱ˵ʣܳǾģʱҪȫң
ڹѰպĴʱͻȻϷ򣬳һǿ漴ͼһȽſ
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ʲôˣڴ˵أһһǿĽţ
Ϊ˲¶ԼҲ֪ԷݣѰҵط֮ȻѪɫС
ӷӲ񷶦ڿ粽ڿ֮ϣ˫۳ΧȥΧżС˵С˵Ǽ޴ʯͷЩ޴ʯͷϣȻɭʲôģ֪ЩʯͷӴһôĵز
ǵͼǵĵط֮߳أǺķλˡ
ӷԺ˵
ڶϺҲ޵ң浺ڵĺ򡣲ƬɢƿӦʮеС
ȲЩѪߵʲôط
䣬ӷ˫۶һѪɫСϣ˵ǲǸط
ӦûˡСɢǿҵѪζʹΧĺﶼҿΧĺˮȫѪɫġ
Ǿֱϵȥɡ
ȲСΧ¼磬һϵҲԵһʱ䷢֡
磿Ļʲô硣
ô˵壬磬ֻҪ˿ͻᱻУû۵ͬ⣬ֻҪǴĳǿߣǲܳġ
ӷ֪ʱδս罫δסġ
ôԲõ磬ȻҪȳӷõǿࡣ
ֻڳӷΧڹ֣ȫۼСΧγĸλĸ硣
ˣڿϵˡ
ô۲磬ûڳӷ絽֮ǰѾǰϵˣҲ˵磬ʵûκεã


2248 ǿ鷳
ѪߵԵļΪɭǻݣľȫΪѪɫģɶ㣬ӷ绹൱ӦģΪӷ籾һѪͳٿµĳʮʬΣ
ϵ֮󣬳ӷÿ߳һξ룬ῴܶҰޣʬǣ޵ʬǣһȫǺе½ϵһֻûСɴ˿ɼѪߵϣӦôʲôµҰޣޣҲпĳֲ֮ġЩӷϣһֻҵѪ߶Ѫ߳ǿԼѪԪء

ͻأɭɭķڳӷóӷ;˫һתԼ߲ûгκεĵǲô۵Ӱӳˣ
ܳʲô
һֱô۶ô뿪񷶦ģǳ֣Ҳǳӷ޴Σʱû뵽һСȻ֡ҪϹ֣ǲĻӰ˵ֻгӷһ˲ſĵ
СӣҪ̫ˡо⵺ʲôµڡ
ӷ˵ȷе㲻Ѱһ·ضǺʬǣһЩ޵ʬڡӦ⵺ʲôӺץԵġ
ΧѪֲȫо綾ͨһϣͻ㱾ӵѪԪأӵõ֮Щ˿ã
ô˵Ҳɴ⡣а۵ĻĶ۵֮Կơ
֮ԿƵĶǻǲСѽ
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ηǰ
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һ򶷵ӳӷǰ漴һҰ޵ĽһĽŲ𣬵ŲӷڵλԽԽԶ
ˣ
ӷһû뵽ѪߵϣԼ֮⣬Ȼеڶ˴ڡ
СӣȥǵҪأûԷĵϸ֮ǰǧҪԼ¶ˡ
˵꣬ϹӰѾʧ˲񷶦
ӷ˵ͷʩչĵطȥ
һѶҰޣ޵Ĳ֫ڵϣϸѪˮ֮УĵĳζЩ֫ɢҲһɫҺ塣
ӷֱķȥһ·Ҳ⵽Щ֫ǴȣǲǵƤһֻצʮָָֻ
Щ֫˵ǲ򵥣ǰ˺һ·ɱȥģ˵ǰ˸ӵĲ򵥡
ʲôˣȻ֮ɱôµѵһĳǿ𣿡
ܣǴ磬ͲҪ֣ٿµǿޣڴǰηˡ
ȻǴ磬ǿˡλ½Ľ紦ʮֵΣûеͼҪҵֻںʧġǰ˵ʵ˵̫ڻʧѽӲܻ⵺ϵģҲûҪһ·ɱȥˡ
ѪζѾԽԽŨңӷٶȴԽԽ죬쵽ӷԼûȥ⣬ԼٶȣѾ˼ޣȴһֱΧСתȦġ
ͣ
ôۼæ
ӷһɲϰ׵ɲӡ
ôˣ
ѾоǿаŨޱȵѪζаֺǻѪζġ
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ûѪζеа֮ǰĲ²ⲻȷаۡ걻ҴĻΪѪֱܺͬѪѪˮǰˣ
ǰʲô˼ɱңǸʲôаۻ֣
ûѾΪѪˮԸоĵС滹Ǵڵģû´Ļа۵С棬Ѫ߶УһֻʣһСˣӦø۲£ϾĴ½ѾڶˣۼԴȱҪ࣬ΪһжǿѪˮڽУҲƵġ

ӷһ˵˼ǲ˵Ѫ߳ǿҵѪԪأҪһô۲µĴڣ
˵
ô򣿾һֻʣһСˣǱϾǸͬһʱĺǿߣʲô棬ǿңһѪˮ㹻һѪˮ𣡡

ҲǿѪԪˣ
Ǿֻˡ
ҿɣȻ϶֣棬ȥ̸̸㿴ô
ȥ̸ƲҪ㶯ˣԼͽԼˡˣ۵ΪһģҲ˵㽫ܵġа۵ĿխĺܣŮ˻Сۡ
Ǹô죿ѽҽѪ߳أҾ޷ǿѪԪأ˾ͰˡңһμѵĻᣬλᣬԺܾûȥǿҵѪԪˡ
˵ǸаһôԸҲжôխڲһǰͷ𡣱𿴲취˸Ѫ߶ȥа۽оȶһԿ֣ȴٳ֡
ţҲֻˡҾֱӱ¶ǰѪ߶ҵѪ߶ȷλãʱҲôϹˣ


2249 ˫ƣ
Ѱһ·׷һɽĶڣȴӰҲˣ
֮ǰ׷ɱһȺֲ࣬û뵽·ȴɱһȹѰ˵ӣȴһ㣬һֱɭгȥʹĹѰòֱ׷
Ǻηֱزصģϸҹ
ʽķûĻӷǲõġڣΪ˽ɽ֮Уӷ粻ò˴ڡ
ӷҲѾ˵֮ǿ󣬿·ۺ½Ҳɣںʮô˵ڳӷѾǺ֮ˣ
ǿߣں½Уֻǿߣӵ˵
ʮһ磡
ӷӹѰУоӵе磡ԹԣʮһѽӣѪߵ֮пûаǿԼѪԪأʮһ磬ЩһµĻһʮģһʮһѽԳɾԼĴˣ
СӣҪ̫ˣ˼Ȼӵ˶һ磬ں½УȻǸԵĽɫҲΪʲôڴˣһ£ڵ֪ˣ϶᲻һеƴ
ƴЩһ֪˵ɡߣҲܿ϶½еˣҲǺʮҲһ
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ܲôˣǿұ뾡һеİ취봿磬ʲôȥЩһﶷ
ûԼ֮ǰҲѾ˵ӷΪҪһճɾʹ磬ڶֵµǿߡȻھлᣬΪʲôҪǰǣ»ģɱ˵
ţԼСһˡŲ߱临ֻҪ㽫ȫˣһ£˵㣬Ҳܸ֮ǰƵСһ﴿Ĳľ硣
ŸŲ߱Щһ𣬴ĲǾûģ
ǣӷڻ֣ܶΪҪ˽Ѫ߶а۶Ĺӷܶڰˣܾˣǳӷ˾ͼˣ
Ѱվɽ⣬˫۳Χȥȴûָˡ
ѵѾɽ
ѰŲɽȴһ룬ɽԼȥĻ»ΣաԼ½ǿ֮һɱϾСĺܣ֮ǰЩԼδģǿޱȣʮа񣬿˵ǳ˶¹ͷģ
ΪԷһѰֱɽڴ½³ǳѰٶ֮죬ƽģ֪ʮеĵλ
ѰֲǣΪ½³ǵĳǿ֮һ᲻֪½ֻֻзĸԼƥеģԼղ׷֮ˣȻԼ֮£ǷһĻԼϳȴܿ϶ǣôˣȻǺʮˣ
ѰԱţӷҲ̫ԾΪݣӷµˡ
ֻҪǺʮˣǾͺðˣ½ԼҲѾˣǵľǿߣʱ½ԽѰΪһըЩһ֮²
ηСȻڱǰ󺰴еġ۹
ͻأѪߵӿһ޴аɽڴһһŨŨѪζ
ȻаǼһ
ôڳӷԺ˵
ȻѾȷһʱаۣǸպþѰȥԸ
ûôס֮ǰѾ˵аͬһʱĴڣڱϾѾΪѪˮһƻĺܣڶûϣǾԲġѰСаһӵѪˮûоԵİɱģΪǹѰа۵ĵطа۶Ȼȥġ
ӷŵЦһ˵ҪߣŶûС
ôСӣа취а۲һеȥԸǸѰ
㣬ǸаΪʹ޵˭
ȻǱˣ뵱걾аǼһﹲƺۣȴܸ˱ۣô޲ò˱۵Ĺͷ
ⲻֻȹѰѪ߶Ҿ͹һ֮ɽǸʱа۸оô۵ô룿
ð취ֻҪʱ۵֮һɽа۵Ը˵ΪǱˣǹѰǸһģҲͲܻȥ룬ôʱôܻš
ӷʵ˷ǳ򵥵һƣȴܽǿ߸ƽȥһ˫ѽ


2250 Ѫеа飡
ѰɽڵȻǽǸղ͵ϮԼˣҲû̫룬ȻԷѾˣԼʲôǺһѰҲǲģ
ңɽѰоҲǴĳǿߣֻҪǴ磬ʲôµġ
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ʵѰǺаǶǰĴڣȴš˵ʵаۣҪôۻҪ磬ô۸ոճʱа۾ѾΪа۹Ĵۣ
Ļ쵰û뵽ȺСȻҲڱǰһУǸɵġڣ۾ҪռС壬ȥñ𡣻Ǹ𱾵Ѫļһ


2251 еĽף
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2252 
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2254 
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ѰţѵԼ½ľǿ֮һҪڳӷСӵݺ½ô꣬ΨĸԼɸƽֵģڳӷʥɱǰȴ˵޵ݣСӣҲ̫̬˰ɡ
ӷ磬ɱң޵ǲŹġ
Ѱǰ޵˳޵а۰ھǵʶɱϾ⺣Ǳ½ҪǿĶĴڣԼˣܰԼģҲֻ޵ˡ
ʲôƨ޵ǸƵĸٹӣ
ӷҲһ޵ֻҪԼ﴿磬ϲ߱㹻ʵЩԿˡ
˵ɱһѰԼ磬ɱһٵӷҲǾԲüͷģ
οѰǰ½еĶڣȴѾΪ޵߹ˡ
Լɱ޵ҹ棬˾꣬еһ޵ʱԼ鷳ˡ
㲻飬Ǿֱȥ԰ɣ˴磬ӷ绹Щһﲻɡ
𣬸
顭
Ѱ˵һ仰ˣѾȫը˿
С棬˵Уӷ̻𣬿ʼѰС档
Ҹơ
ѰС汻֮ʮһ֣ӷ̶ò߱ʼƹѰ硣
ôۣѾ㹻ˣʲôʱת磿
ڻʱת֮ǰǿѪԪءϹԸаۣôۺ
ȻתҲԸһʸףܱҪõĶࡣ
ӷ嵽Ѫǰ˫ӡѪԪأΪ޵֡
ѪγɵļѪ֮ϣѪѪŲܸа۴һĸо
ѪԪأȻӵߴԪ֮׵ѪԪأǸ
а۴󺰵ţϣô˺õļһ˲񷶦˴˵еѪԪأ߿ɶǿĴѽ


2256 аۣ
ѪԪγɵѪѪأֻҪһţ˵ѪأѪ߶ը
һλᣬң񷶦
ʵԴӳӷõ񷶦ͶԲ񷶦Ǻ棡ˣΪ񷶦ںĴ½ģڿ񷶦ûԼеôãڲ񷶦Ҳаа۾Ͳ˵仰ˡ
ԭԼ֪񷶦Ȼ㲻֪ôõ񷶦ģ
аںԲ񷶦ȽȤˣȻܵõ񷶦ĻǾͿԽ񷶦ɾһԽ񷶦ôۣԱ֮
ڿûʱ˵ôϻҲ㣬ΪǿҵѪԪأ֮ǰѾõ㹻磬ʱ˵ǳҪʶĻ͸ң񷶦ɲǿѪԪأҲҪˡ
ӷвһԱ˵вԼǿѪԪΣǿѪԪ񷶦ҪһЩΪֻҪ֪˲񷶦ҲܸõĿƲ񷶦ΪԼãӳǿ
Сӣ򱾵һŹġ
ȻӷССваۻáȻвǱˣûõģӷҲʮа۲ͬǸûʵļһѾôˣΨѪأܱסһ˿ʶסС棬һѪس⣬ͽԶӺʧ
ӷһʼץסа۵òͷȻΪ˱а۸Լ˵һͨӷ绹ŵڶ֡
аۣ㵱ҲǸôͬһݺΪһǿߣô֣ܸ֮ػһεĻĻţ˵ӦЩҪİɡ
ʲô
ػһεĻ᣿
ô⻰ɵһ
Сӣɱаһǽթĺܣʱһ㲻ġ
ôۣ㾡ܷģȻٻһΣȻа취ƿˡ֮ǰҲ˵ΪҪģԼΪǿֵµԭ˵ȻǲҪʲôģȴĳҡаۣȴΪá
ӷԺиô۶˵
շаΪãҲ̫ðˡСӣҪһľأͻʱ㲻ǵлѣԼȥƿءټһаĻԺӾͲùˡ
ȷһľأǳǰĵӣɶڳӷ˵ǼһǸʱըʱЩóӷͷʹ飬һа۵ĻǵʱӷԼԼ鷳ˡ
֪շаۣҲһĹ˳ҵģɼȻ֪񷶦ҾһҪðһΡ
˵ȻѾˣǾԼŰɡܶ飬ҲʧߣܸȫЩеľԼģҲûľϣ϶㡣
ǺáڿʼͶҪ˵ˣԼа̸
ôȫ˲ã˶ٲ¡
аһӷȻ˵ԸԼػһεĻᣬȻҲ˷ܲԵġ
аֲɵӣܳӷ˵ʲôʲô³ӷǲ񷶦ˣܶ飬Ҳǰ첻ġ
Сӣٸһס֪񷶦ͱˡ
ҳӷͲ˵ģ㲻ŵĻҲû취Ǿ׼ԶӺʧɡ
Ǽ٣ӷǺ˵ĺ֡Σӷ绹ûкаۣΪսѰСڵ֮Уʱ򣬳ӷȫԽѰٴλΪѰȴһ˶ѣˣ͸պ͸аۣӵѪأ»
Сӣ˵Ķģܰһ
бҪƭ𡣲񷶦ѾõܾˣȻ֪񷶦ȻҲӦ֪񷶦žű䣬ű񣬶Ѿ񷶦е˵߱䣬ŲҪãܵﶥˣʱ磬û˻ҵĶ֡
Сӣ˵ģܰһĿҲλ̫˵ɡΪõ˲񷶦Ĳű䣬޵磬ư𣿱ۿԷǳĸ㣬Ĳű䣬Ҳ޵еĴڣӦ񷶦ֹһ
˵ʲô
𶼴סˣٴδӲ˳ֻȫָѪأʵղŵĻʲô˼
ʲô˼˵ĺˣ磬ռ֮ڣ񷶦


2257 
ܣ
ĵһ뷨ǲܣ֮ڣȻи񷶦һǾԲܵ飬еĻһ£
·а۵Ļ뵽ʲôƵģӰֵģֵʮ־ŵӣһ֣ӷа۶ӷȴ֪ΪʲôͻȻôת䣬аȴ֪˲ʲô
СӣһˣѾ뵽ʲôΪ񷶦ˣѵû𣿡
а۵Ļóӷгĳ嶯ڲ񷶦ӷͲ֪ǰΪڲģɺ֪񷶦һ壬ֻǲ񷶦ǰ˰ˡ
֪ʲôǲ񷶦ǰˣǰƾ񷶦Ϊĵһǿߣ˵ڵʱཻԶͬһʱĻƾŲ񷶦ԳΪһ˵ġ
ȷŲ񷶦ȻܳΪһˣǣˣ껹һӵŲ񷶦ˡ
˵ҪôƵĶ࣬Ͼôûв񷶦ôǵĲδűȶҲڽĳһǿѽǵȴڣôܻᱻǿҶɱأһ㣬ûͨа۵Ļòһʱ֮˵顣
ѵΪ
Ŀ˳ӷ磬˵ӷȡԼĽѵ㹻ʱǿߵĻڿ̫ˣ
ӣȫ˹Ҳǲ񷶦ǰˡڵ㣬Ӧ֪õ˲񷶦Ҳ޵аɣ
ӷӻҰѻ˵㻹ĻھͰѻ˵
аۿڣ˵Сӣ˵ûõ˲񷶦Ҳ޵еĴڡĲű䣬ȫȶ˾űҲľܴǿߡ
Ϊʲôǲ뵽ʲô
ûа˵һҲûУռ֮ڣ񷶦һΪıû´Ļǿ߸㸸ˣŸ񷶦ͬһ
˵ʲôҰҲ񷶦
û֮ǰ㲻Ǿڻɣ㸸ʲô㲻֪Ϊʲô磬ֱ۷壡⣬ǰǶ벻ͨа۵ĻñˡֻӵŸ񷶦ͬһһȫƿߣӵ㸸׸ǿߵǵ
а˵Ǳ۴Щǵļʶʵ̫ǳˡΪƾŲ񷶦޼ɵ𣬱ۿԸǣ֮ڣ񷶦֮⣬ֱǣĹŻ磬Ĺʥ޼߲ʽԼ
а˵Уӷ֪һĹԼǽȥģ벻ǺĹȻҲһ
˵ĹŻ磬ǺĴ½Ļ֮ģγɺĴ½ҪΪĻĹ֮γɵġĹԼȥȻҲ֪еİڣǺĹԤʾ֮ڵİ˸ͳߣҲǼڡԼҲţ˵֮弫أںռһȺȴû˼ǣǵҲٳ˵ǰгģҲǼʮŻһû֪嵽ںռһУǵˣޣЩû֪û´Ļһ䵽㸸׵һǿߡ
ӷһ£˵Ҹ׺ųʥʿʥʿҳҳưԾڤʱѾˣԣҸӵеӦʥ޼ȴҸһŵõģ²ĻҸ׵ǰѾõˡ
а˵ͷļһ˵һ㶼û֪֪ǴӺζģ
ϲĻǸͬʱֵġ
˵ĲȷǸͬʱֵģͬʱ֣Ҳֻ˵һѣ׼ȷ˵硣
ʲô磿粻һγɵ𣡡
ͬġңȻܴ磬ͬʱҲܻ硣ഫֻΣһʱ磬ҲƵռ䡣ɵٴξʱͽ硣
ôҲڲôסˣܳʵа飬飬۶֪ǴӺε֪ģ
ã˵Ǹû˵ˡݣôܻ֪
ӣʲô飬а۵̬ȣǲһԽ֪鶼Լģ
ãܺáаۣȻܸЩȻҪر㣬
ܸЩȻҲǵһΪ񷶦ˣȴ񷶦֪˵ȥǼܶ˵顣ӦҲ֪۲һԽȫ㣬պ󣬱õ飬ٸһеģ֮ǰòҪף򣬾㱾ٻһҲûˣΪףζ˶Ҫ
ӷڿɲ̫࣬Ϊ̫ԼȥаۣҲǼ£պ뺣ĶԿУаܰﵽԼҪĳ⡣
û뵽ѪߵȻôջ񡣲аۣҰ֮ǰ㻹Ҫһæ
ñ۵ѪأǿѪԪأ
û
㻹ҶԵطˣѪԪҲֻб۵аѪˮܹǿ֮ڣ޵ڶֶܽǿˡϻҪ˵㲻ǻתھͽѪذɣȰǿѪԪأǰΣǿѪԪȡ۵ʵ壬ҲԿˣ


2258 ǿѪԪأ
ӷ罫ջأѪ߶ȴһ϶شž綾ʯϻѺۣҲʱҪƵģ΢𶯣ͽ׻Ѫ߶
ǿĲ֮Ѫ߶ȶסˣȻӷǿѪԪأὫͰϵɽݻٵġ
ڣӷ֪һڲ񷶦飬ǣ֮ڣȻǸ񷶦ͬĴڡڣΪõģҲˣղ˵ļԼǸص⣬ĶǲΪõģá
ͨаֻ֪Σһۣͳ磬ռ䣬ڶεۣͽ磬㣬ӷȻҲ뷨ġϾԼҪǿߣӵеӷĲ²Ӧ߲ʽһʱǿ߶ˣ۶ȻҲ֣Ǹʱͽۼһ𣬹֪᲻Ҳ֣һ֣а˵类٣͵ǳӷսǿҶʱ
ӷսǿҶһκܳʱ䣬ô˵ǿҶѾ۷ľˣϵľ磬ɳӷأڻδת綼δ֪۷壬ǻҪõʱ䡣
֮£ɣڴ֮ϣӣ֮·ûôߵͷѽ
˹ѰЩ磬ӷһ㶼õĴˣʱв񷶦ųӷΪǿԴôӷͲҪĴǿԼɢǿԴֱˡ
²Ҫ磬ҪǿѪԪأղô֮ǰǿѪԪػȽϺã
ӷҲûȥʲôȻô۶ŸԵľ飬ǵûġ
аѾӦӷǿѪԪˣң磬а۵аѪˮ֮⣬ͲܹȥǿѪԪأϾѪԪԭ˵ǺĴڣ˳ӷ֮⣬ҲǿҶӵУԴ˵а۰ô֣֮ΪѪܣȴѪ鶼˸ˣ䵽Ĵ½Ѫ֮ڣԣаѪģǿɣҲǽа۵аѪˮǿѪԪصġ
ǿߵ飬ӷĿǰΪûҪȥаۣ򣬹֪᲻Լǿһͬӵļһɱа۵ļһ
ˣǿѪԪأ֮ͿתˡǸٹѾˣԺЩ͵˵ҲȻ֪һȥ½ڵ½֮ǰҵΪҲҪһβС
䣬ӷҲϻֱӾͽѪء
ѪڵѪˮа۶ѪҺڱ˵һĶˮһֶˮմϣǾͽ˺
ӷ֮ѪԪأѪʱɵĸеһ˺ѷεʹ࣬ʹ໹Ǵڵģóӷʹ졣
СӣʲôϽеѪԪطųа˵
Ѫˮ̫ˣȫļⶼή޷ѪԪء
۵аѪҺôÿƣҲܱˡڱû취㣬Ҳﲻ㣬һоֻܿԼˡ
ȷӷ籾˭ܰӷ緢ӳģֻгӷԼŰĵ
˵СӣһԪأҪԪرǿռԪûõģ뽫ԪǿȥǿԪصḶ́ռԪҪѣѪԪأһɱ¾ƻаΪһԪأҪԪؾͺܲˣ뽫ǿȥϼѡţȻԪأȻİ취ȥǿˡ
˵Ͳٶ˵һ䣬ӷҲԼʱоڵѪӤȻˣһڵѪԪؽΪһ塣⣬Ҳ˳ӷͷԶֵģԭһȴܽΪһõʱ򣬾ȻĻһ
ѪԪأҲͨѪӤƶӳӷð˳Ľϡ
ô£ΪʲôʱѪԪؽϣô˵
ǹ𣬾ѪӤҲѾƳҪѪԪؽһ𡣡
ѵΪӵͬһµǿѪԪʱ໥֮˹ѪԪǿĳ̶ȣͻԶԶǵ󡣡
ã֮ҲڸǼͬµŽ֮Ҳȥܲá
ô۵˵ͷ֮ӷ⡣
Ȼô۵֮ҲΪһ壬һġ
а飬ӷСӰػһ£Ҳܾ͸һڲ񷶦ɡڣа֮Ҳӵһ𣬸õǿѪԪء
ޡƾʲôּۻ۵ġ۸㣬֮˻û꣬뱾ٰǡ
ǱҲԸ㣬ǳӷСӴӦػػҪ壬ȴڲγɵġŲŵʱ۸ػ϶ֽţҲɸһ塣
㡭ãвۡ
ٷϻвˣôŰɡ
ãݡ۾ٳԵа֮롣
ôˬѽа飬Ȼװүװëѽ
Ѿ񷣬Ĳ֮ܲҲȥ
²СĲ֮԰ԵΪȥ»Ὣеȫָġ
Ҳԡ־ְɡСӣʱˣԪǿ
ӷһѪڵѪˮȫӿڳӷͷγһС͵УѪԪڵȫۼеλãŷǿҵѪ⡣


2259 
ѪߵϿգһֻ޴Ѫɫ棬Ѫɫĳ֣԰նȾһƬѪɫµĺо˷þòݣײĦ˵⣬ۼһ𣬶ʱ֮䣬նȼ
Ϻĺףһ޴Ĺ֮ڣϺзȫվȽţ·һ޴а㣬ʼζ
ˣˡ
ةٶȣҡε壬˹֮ڣһ۵ĶںžƣһЩŮ裬ͻıʣʹĶǻðɣŭ׷ʲô£
ϳʲô飬һǿޱȵΧʮﺣ򶼻ζ
ʲôʮﺣѵгǿߵɣѽϺʱû˵гǿ߳ѽƵǸٵҲǿ
һʱ֮УѵƵ濪ʼϸҴȥʱң׼һ浺޵ҶΪңǰ棬ԲܳκεĴ
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ЩϺзΣһȺûӵļһ˭֪˴£һһ
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½ĽϿգһֻ޴Ѫɫ棬ֻѪɫһ֣Ƭն·ȼһƵġ
£ѵֻѪɫ⣿ԣζǿңǲܻһֻܲǡ
´󾪲ԣת
ڵ֮ǰҪǿ౶̻һֱϣģжļԱ󽫡
쿴ǿԴ
ˣת֮ţȫˡ
գͼȴſȴ֮ڣǿޱȵԴ˳
ΪǿԴʲôת硣ϸҲ飬ҳǸˣǵ˵Ļûɹ֮ǰɱ
ԲǸոתģ
һƬվڶ߼
ۿȥǿޱȵԴͬһȥһԴԴϵģǸתĻΪǿԴֻ֮ʧˣǶԷɹת˴磬ҪʧܣΪǿԴˡ
ڣΪǿԴȴԴԴϵĳ֣֤ڲ֪δΪ֮ˣԲǸת磡
һʱ֮䳹סˣ֪⾿ʲôˡ
ѪߵϣӷѾɹǿѪԪأֻ޴Ѫɫ棬ǿ֮ѪԪγɵġ
ӷǴϢһᣬתģôȴ˵ȴȻѪԪѾǿɹˣڣתʱǳӷҲûʲô̽ӹѰǶ磬еƵ磬ȫںϽ˽ɫС棬ˣҲѾѪ߶ڳѪߵмλá
ôܣСӸתôֱܾӵ˴ڶ㾳ˡ
ô۴󾪲ԣҲ̫̬˰ɣɲǰЩ磬ǰӷٺãٶܹ࣬ⴿȴҪܹܶġ
ڳӷֻһʮ磬ԼģҲһʮͷѣѦŪǵЩ磬ӷûãôֱܻӵ˴ڶ㣡
ԣѾǴˡ
֮ǰǿѪԪأķ԰ձɫڣӷΪȻֱ˴ľ磬ʹķ԰ո󣬶
СҲ̫̬˰ɣ㻹ȻȻԲѽǲ߱䣬Ҳ֮ܰѽѵǿѪԪصĹϵ𣿡
˶ɵˣԼǰҲûô̬ٶѽӷȻת磬ֱӵ˴ڶ㣬㣬ڣѾ˴Ĳˣ

ôҲסˣϹһ·ųӷģ˵ӷıѾǺܳԾˣ죬ӷͻһȫµļ¼¼Ʋܹͻưɡ
㣡
ţѽҲ̫˵ɣȻֱӾ͵˴㾳硣
ӷѾѪߵȫǣһʮһ磬ȫɫСںΪһ壬Ĺ֮Ҳʱһε
Ĺ֮ҲˡˣһǽɫС棬ǻĹ֮𵽵ã֮ǰǿѪԪʱŻЧġľ磬Ǿ֮ǰ۹ʥеǵˡû뵽С湻õģֱӾ͵˴㡣
ηǿ߼ҶϺǵѣ˵仰
ͻأϷǱߣʮȺ˹ͷģǶ
ӷ˿Ѿ֮УȫҲѾڽջˡ
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һǿҵıըǼʮԭӵͬʱ˱ը㣬ĸյĶˣȫǿˣмģֱӱΪУʧƬ֮䣡
ǿǴ
˺ߵˡ
ûһǵĵˡ֪ͨɳңǿ߹ɱɡ
ǲǺͿˣûԷΪǴ𣬶һܻǵĲҲ˵ʱȥΧɱͷ֮ϣԿһǡ
ʱĳӷȫǿޱȵĽ⣬ȫļҲıǰ׾࣬ǸȫĽҲȫµİ㡣
һ̥ǵĸоӷѾǴˣĳǿˣΪ˵ǸٹӣҪ߳һ


2260 Ԫͬ壡
ӷȫѪԪڷڣɫСĻĹ֮Ҳǿһʱ˭ҳӷ鷳ĻᱻӷɱǸٹҲ⡣
£Ѿҵ˳ӷ磬ΪӷȫΧţκ˶ӷòҲ޷϶ԷǲƵ֮ǰңҲûиϹһϣò˵Ǹɫ
㣡ôһôࣿ
ӷԼеޱȵĺ棬Ҳ̫˰ɣԭΪ˴֮ÿһǰ౶Ͼ﴿֮ҪǾҪϣӷĿǰֻһʮͷ磬Ӵ絽ɾ绹Ҫһǧһ磬Դ㣬һʮͷ磬Ͳܵ﴿һľزѽ
ңһº֣˵﴿֮󣬾ͻӵһСзֻڶС𣬿ΪʲôԼڻһС棿
ӷ粻ʱͻȻһǿҵıըըǽɫСġ
ɲ֮䣬ڳӷڣһ⣬ǽɫС汬ը֮ͻȻֵģӷԿ϶ǵڶСĳʼ
֣֡ΪʲôĵڶСʱ֮֡ǰںϽ磬ȫڵһСУ˵һСֻһٸһѽȴһʮһ硣
ô۶е˼飬ӷҲǵڲŷӦ
ѽԼղŽе磬ȫںڽɫСڣǸʱɻûֵڶСѽΪʲôԼĵһС棬³һٸ硣
ѵΪĹ֮ĹϵһСĻǾͲΪʲôһʱˡ
ڸô죿ڶСѾˣеȫڵһС֮ڣǲҪɢȥ
СڲͬɻĹ֮γɵģ󲻹ǵڼС棬ȫɻĹ֮ɵġںϽĽɫС󣬾ͻĽɫСһ𣬸Ͳõĳ
ҵĵһС棬¶磿
Ͳ֪ˣҲû˵˵СɻĹ֮γɵѽĹ֮ѾıС˵һС棬Ϳɾˡ
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ֹëѽӷڸ޷ȥƵڶС棬еѪԪأ֮䣬ȫ˵ڶСڣڵڶСڰ˼Ƶģǹ̶͸һСڵһȶ
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ҲһͷСӵСǵȫͬܣҲıˡһ£ʲô
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ǡҪƱ໰ѽǡԪء
ڶСڵѪԪڣȻֻ˹Ԫأ⣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ǹԪأС

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ӷʱѾȫƲסԼڵˣʵ⵽ôһ£ΪʲôڶСڣԪأ
֪ô£СӣڰԪأǰӵйѲΪõĹϵ
ӷǰӵйԪأҲӵйڰԪأΪѪԪصɣֱǰԪء
ڣ֮ǰԪأȻֻˣʹĳӷһӵԪءԪػȫڵڶСڣ

ûȳӷ𣬻ô۷ӦӷڵĵڶС濪ʼǿĽ֮ڣӵѪ⣬ڹ⣬һǿֱӽǱߵȫӷϴӦ˵ֱնǵһԪ
ڰڶСձ˵ĹԪظڰԪء
ãԷڹǡ
ԣǵԪ
ʲôˣѽΪʲôǼûգ
ֻչԪظڰԪأѵǸԪͬ壿
ôˣйԪظڰԪߣȫصȥ
̫ˣշӦĹԪ߸ڰԪߣȫӷˣͬǴ󷨰㣬ֻһͷˣ
ö񶾵ֶΣ
׷ŭˣֱӳӷ磬󺰵̫ѵңû𡣡
ӷĵڶС潫ǱߵĹڰԪȫ˹Ҳȶ
ӷʱǾóԾ˵㣡
ͣ˼Ŀųӷ磬ʱ֮䣬һ仰˵


2261 룡
Сֵܣô㣡
ֱͲԼ۾֮ǰǴǳӷɢģԼǼڰԪصǱӷɵģ
ôܣ
ǵĵڲɽʱ򣬶ǼӷģҲ֪ӷһôĽ׶ΣǸʱҪɱӷĻһɱ
ŶõʱѽӷȻ˴磬ҺǸմӶ쾳ת봿ģյ﴿磬˵ҲŴʵѽֱ̫˼ˣ
СӣǸʲô
׽ţϣղԼˣӷԼһμǸӷ磬ǰյ﴿磬ǿʵĳǿߣ
ȻڳӷԣҲǲϣĻǶΪ磬ӷ绹ҼأȻԺģȻ̫
û뵽ľȻǶ
ӷǵĺڲɽʱǶȥǳǵһΣɶǷǳԼӵģڶˣӷҲǷǳ⣬ΪԼĵˣǿǱߵսϼ棬Ҳһ潻棬֮Ľ棬˼
û뵽Ĵ½ҲǺܴѽôּˣ
ӷһ㶼ֱӾͷ˹ȥΪӷ֪ҪֵĻͶˡ˵ˣǺǿߣľ绹δµĳɶֻǸѦŪǰĴڣͲܻǳӷĶ֡
˿ڣ϶ǰĳǿ߾ǳӷ硣
û뵽ѽʵû뵽ôòСֵѾǴˣΪĳǿߣֵǰѾϰĴˡ
Ҳ¶ԼȷˣǿǿʱȳӷҪǿ࣬ȴûǿڳӷԶԶԽȻҲȥʼɳӷġ
ȻֵܣҾͳһֵܰɡ
Сֵܣû뵽ĳǿ߾Ȼ㡣ղһΪңĵأԾ͹
ӷʱе㲻˼ˣղڵڶСĹڰԪأ˶ֵµļˣǺԵڶϳ˼⣬ȴһҲϡ
֣ղŵʵǱǸҲ֪㣬֪Ļ
ȳӷ˵꣬ӻȻֵܣҿʲô˼˰ɣѵΪֵĻں⼸𡣡
ʵӷ⻰ҲȫԣΪղŵΪͲݳӷƣڶСѪԪͻȻͷֻ˹ڰԪأֱձ˵ģʹڵڶСڵĹڰԪҲʮǿˣԪؾۼڵڶСڣ·ͨĹ֮ϴڲͣıǿٶȴǺܿ졣
ڣڶСڵԪȫȶѪԪΪϾߴԪȫۼҲѪԪΪġ
˿̵ӷǰʱϵִƣĶ޷ӷ翿̫ã˲ıӷĴƱƵȥ
ӷ̽ȫƸָͨ˵״̬״̬ͬҶ㣬ֻҪɢƵ֮£˭ӷΪܽӷ統һͨ˿
ʶ˴ԼңĵλĳǿߣԼΪµģȻܸЩڿ̫
죬ҲҰɣԷǵˣԼѣԼôļơ
ˣСֵܣΪʲôղḶ́ʵΪֵĿѽ㱻˸׳졣
ӷܸܲ߶ѪߵһаۣԼԼǿѪԪصģû뵽ѰԼˣԼǿѪԪ֮󣬻ֱתΪĹ֮صĹϵڸתͬʱֱ˴ɡ
ֻҪԼӳͲ֪ԼΪôӷҲɵѽñȥ²⣬ԼҲװװʲôġ
˵ǻѽ֣Ķ⸽𣿡
һξ롣ȻֵѾˣǲȻȥҶͰɡ
ͣ
㿪ʲôЦһȥͣӷж͵ǿӣϾ࣬ȥ״һʱҲǺܲڵġ
Ҳ˳ӷԥЦԡֵܣǾֱȥңǵطȽϺá
ң
Ϻ֮һңӷȻȥģȻڶֱ룬ɲͳȥҲ˽һЩڲ
ȻˣҲȥĻǲӡԵһ£һ¶Сϣȥȡһͬȥһң͡
áҾ㡣
䣬һֵ֣һ޷ɹʵкηԸ
һȥңкһλϵ͡
ںܶǰѾԼ֮ⷽ⣬ǡ
ٷϻǵԹʵĻֱӸǣ˵ģһλǿߣΪǴľ磬룬ǵҲͬġ
ǣȥ
ӷѾصѪ߶аѾȵĲͷˡ
СӣۻΪ㲻ˡ
ģȻҴӦ㣬Ȼͻ쵽ġڰ㸴֮ǰҪȸһ档ǧҪʲô⣬
⣬ӷֱӽͷ˳аۣӷͲҪԼʵ
㣡ţôܣתôܾӵ˵
ҲҪ㣬ǧҪġ
ģֻҪңǱȻҲġȻҲΪ˲ҲȾ˿ǲڱ۵㣬Ҳˡ
ǳӷ粻Ҫа۵ԭΪԣ㣬ͲϾҲ磬Ĵڣ


2262 ң֮У
ǰң·ϣӷ߶һˣӦ˵һˣΪһֻӣͷȴһţͷ
аôô˳ۣţͷڳӷڵлָѰʱûнѰòҲָ͵ǵڶѰһ½˼һǼģ⼸ǿߣҪ鷳ԣӷڽѰʱͷ˸ı䣬һţͷҸаȡһ֣Ҹаۣ壬ǳõģһʱڵвһͽã
а۸ͺΣûİ취ҲΪǿˣɲͳ壬һǱȲϵģЩ͸˵ˣˣҲ޷ȡǵ壬Ի٣Ҳᱻõġ
ţħˡҲǰʲôڣֻҵһСˡᵽңòҪҵ¡
ţħа۵֣ҲΪţͷõģܲǰ֣аţǾ£һ֪Ҳ鷳ġ
ţħε̾һţ˵Сӣ㡭
˵üˣԺ
ã㣬ȱҵ˸õٸˡ
ţħݺݵĵ˳ӷ缸ۣ̫ǶˣԼҲǺһǿѽû뵽ƽȮѽ
ţħ˵Խ˵Խڳ֮⣬ûİ취ѳӷħƣĿǰ壬ҪӷĲĲһãûѪص֮£Լǻʧģ
ܿ죬ӷڶ·£һϿա
¿Ȼ½κһ½Ҫ࣬Ǻ⣬һ´½Ϊڶ࣬ģܳΪ½ˣ֡
ֵܣѾˡңҲѾǰϵͨˣھͿϵˡ
䣬ֱӷȥӷҲϻ˶ϾǱ˵ĵ̣ںȲ˭һɳӷġ
֮ǰлһȥͼϿյǧ֮һǿĹâһ֣漴ʧâΪңıˣңˣûõңҪӲĻǲ㱣㣬Ѿ㹻ͷʹˡ
ӷҲڿǣʱԼЩսܷ֮ͽǵЩƽЩ㿴ȥޱȣӦǾۼȫеγɵһֽ磬һֱȫĽ磬Ȼܻ
͵ģӷҲŶ֮󣬳ӷʶңȥһ԰ڵϣŸֲͬޣÿһֻ޶ǿԱ仯Ϊεġ
֣ѵңȫ޲ɣ
شңͬûֻ࣬޵ģҲңһֶ֮ɡΪĵϣ޹ģ֮䲢ݵĸߵ֣֮˭ʵǿ˭ĵλݾ͸ߡ
ˣǵϴȥǳǵʱ˵һ仰ʲôΪһأġ⻰ʲô˼
ʱ˵仰ǣԭΪһأκҰġԹŶģಢСĻ﷫ȥӴ˺Ĳ㣡
仰ӷһֱһʶʲô˼лˡ
˵ⶼѾب֮ǰˣʵǸʱҵȶûȴ֪ب֮ǰҲǺĳʼʱĴ½ԭֻһ½صģǸʱȫһ𣬵ȴΪ塣ʱƣ֮Ħսݡԣ࣬ı죬ΪҪưԺģͳ壬Ծ뾡һа취ѹ塣Ǹʱ򣬸պúĴ½һ͵ıը˵Ϊģγ˽ִ½ģʽǸʱʼ棬֪֪Ķ֣Ϊ壬ʹˣʱһģҲһվߵࡣʱǨûõߣǺʵԶԶԽ½Ǳߡ
˶˵ӷǾ仰˼Ҳûóӷ̫ԾϾںĴ½ǰͬһطҲǺġֻΪʲô뿪½࣬ô꣬Ϊʲô½Ǳǿô౶УΪʲôڵ½û֪Ĵأ
˳ӷ룬˵һ棬Ϊʲô½Ǻʮ֪ɣΪǸͲ£˾ˣҲ׷ɱǣȴ汲ﶼب֮ǰ
ǵʵأΪʲôبǰҪǿôࣿ
⣬Ϊһˡ
һˣ
ӷһӾ;˵ˣǸǿ߰ɣ
ʲôôȻʮ޵
Ҷһǧǰʮͳߣռ䰵еİ


2263 ȥ
ҶȻӷϣڣھ֪ǿߵ֣
ʵҶˣӷȻ֪ˣֻںܶ෽ԭ򣬳ӷ粻ȥҪɼȻڶ˵˳ӷҲһʯͷȻ˽Ҷһôˣ򼱲ģҪһִУ
ʵӷҲ֪ȻҶԼǾ͸ûԼңڣѾҶĿˣ
ǸҶһôˣΪʲôƾһˣʵ
ҶһôˣҲ֪ݣҲûʸ֪һôˡ֪ǣҶһبųʱѾˣ
ʲô
⻰ǰѳӷųһ亹بų棬繲Ҳ̫ţ̫Զ˵ɡҪ֪ǿǿߣҲ꣬ҶǸ⣬Ҳبų棬ϲѽ
ǳӷ磬ڲڵĲôۣһڳӷߵţħеʮֵĲԾţħ˫ֱֱۣĿŶ˵بų棿ⲻܡδܻôõġ
˵أ
ˣҲܡ
ӲޡҶһ֮ĴڣһôĴȴڣһǧǰĴ½һҶƥеǺĶһֱҶͳ֮£ǵҲùΪҶǸ̫߼ˣΪҲ̫һС²˳ģǾֻ·һ
ȲǸҶǲˣֻһδֹĴڣЩڵĳӷܹĺġ
һǧǰʲôˣȻԸҶƥУ
ӷ᲻֪ǸҶƥе˾ԼĸףЩȻǲ˵ġ
ʥֻ֪˶ΪʥųҶ⣬û֪ʥ֡һǧǰʥĺճֱ֣ӶҶһʮ֮ڣʥѾռʮҶȴ޷ȥֹھŰǰʥʮ֮󣬾ҪҶĴսɵʱ֪ʲô£ԼͻȻ֣û֪ʥҶΪʲôԼǩֹսԼǺ˫Ҫһǧʱܴڼ䣬˫ҲҵԼԼϵֹսԼǰֹϧǣԼ֪٣
Լ
ţħ˵֮һԼ𣿡
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ӣ֪壬Ȼ֪ԼҲȻ֪ġ
֪Լȴ֪壬ӣ£Ҳֻ֪һСְˡ
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ӷ硰һǰаۣţħȷǴͷӷȴ˵ݣңϾ𲻱Ҫ鷳
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ˣʱ˵Щˡȴȥǵ
ȥңĵ
ӷңֱȥǵӣҲֻô򵥣ӷû´ĻӦңԼλĳǿߡҲãԼѾƵ޵˳һܸңңߵϹϵĻԼĽźܴġ
֣һ¡ղ˵ʥʲôط
⺣ʮ׵֮һʥסĵطҶסĵطƵʵǺĴ½½أҲ˵½ء
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ֵܣЦˡʥסĵطûõʥ֮ͬǰκ˶ϵҶҲϵġ
ӷ̾˿ӣǸۼʱҲͲˡ
ţħȴʵղŵ˼ǲ˵ԼںĴ½
ûһӦ½֮ǰȥ½ѰԼģֻǲֱ˵ˣ˱Ľڡʵңʮеÿһǰ½ѰԼΪѾȲһˣǰս
ô֪Լ½ģ
ţħ⻹࣬ӷ綼֪ȴʸû꣬ӣţħӦڵһףػһҲûκεˣ
˵ҾͲ̫ˣֻ֪ϢҿԿ϶£ֶǺҪ£ϢԴͲܻ١ܣϹй¶ġ
ţħ룬ӷҲȥ˵ʲôţħȴ˵СӣȻԼ˺Ĵ½ǺԣҲѾˡ弫Ϊأû֪ǵסʲôطɼȻ˺Ĵ½ǵĵԲ򵥡
˼˵ҪһǸ壿
£ֻһ°աȻǲҪȥԼ⣬ΪŲ񷶦ٵһĻһҲһѵġ
һҲһѣ
ţħ⻰óӷв½ǳѵǳ𣬾Ǹйأ


2264 չزͣ
һ·ӷѾˣҲ˵Ƶ֮ˣӷţ֪ģҲôˣϾңĵ¾ĵң˵ʮ֮һ֪鶨ȻҲൽȥ
ڶһ·һ·ңĽ£ӷҲѾķųʶʼ۲ңԼңЩʲôǿߡ
Сӣû뵽ңֻʮеһСѾӵĳǿˡɴ˿ɼЩ͵ĵϣƵӵеĴǿ߻࣬еǿߡ
ڳӷԺ𣬳ӷҲѾ֪ңϣĳǿߣһңɣôңһôĵλأһǻ֮ģ̫ϳ֮࣬ݸλҲȵȥ
ڵ̫ϣǵɾ磬ǿӵСĴڣ磬ӵĸСĴڡ˵ǵСҵĲͬɱϾǵԪǰģһĳǿߣ³Կҡ
СӣҲҪ̫ˡ˵ɾĳǿ˵ܿͻ磬ɾһ߶ˡԱ𿴣Ƿۺȫĳǿߣ඼ʮ
ʮѾ㹻ˣһĳǿ֣񷶦ĻᶼûС
ˣǱȻģʱҲʲôӲӵģҪжɡߣ߶һаۣ廹Ҫвһ˱㼶̫߳ĳǿߣаҲ᲻ܵġ
һողŻжأ
ô˵Ҫ̫СаһȻܳưԺȻƣ󣬱ţ죬ͻġ
ӷ簵Ե˵ͷʱѾһ޴ɽǰɽĴСѾ˵ɽˣһżƵĶ
ֵܣңˣǵסĵط΢һ¡
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ţħ˵СӣǲΡ۸㣬ĶǲʱģȫؼԴٳģ˹Ͳܴﵽ˹֮
ţħ˵ҲûĶ˹޷ٳҲֻؼİͳ˺ΰĶ
ѾߵңǰڶſڣվһһŮͯӣͯӵͷ϶ŶǣǽɫĶǣȫƤҲǳ׾ֻޣСĶޡ
鷳λͯӽȥһ˵һǰݷõ
ͯӶǷǳģҲɴ˿ɼͯӦңͯӣ򶫺ûҪô
Ŀ治ʱΪϴαչʱ˵⣬ڳʱȻˣʹȫ˶ǸΣû˸ŵģҲʮ֮ڣκˣҲʮꡣ
һͯӵĻһʵǲƵǱߵ鷳ˣ
⵹ǣǵΪʱС߻ħ˰ɡӦûʲô󰭡
ϴαչؾǶʮʱ䣬Ȼˣⲻ̫ǵᷢѽλͯӣǿ֪չصʮʲô£
Ҳ̫صʱŭ˵ƵģٴαչǰԸȥңĻͲҪǿˣ٣ɱ١
ӣλңĲᣬȻԼˣɱ٣벻ͨչصʮﵽ׷ʲô¡
ɼȻֱչˣǾûܼĵ
ģͯʵ
ûҵλѣʶģû뵽Ĳʱ򡣡
ŶǴûκϵģδģȻСɫɣ
ȻСɫĻҲܸѽˣҾʹڵ⵽תתɣȵغݼ
ڳӷԣʮʱ䣬ǿǳõĺѽԼûôáɶڶЩ˵ʮ꣬Ҳգ۵ĹˣϾǶôˣžŮͯӣҲǧʱˡ
صӷߣ˵ֵܣʵǲ˼ǵڱչأҪʮܳأԾͲܼˡ
ͯӵĶԻӷȫˣȴҲûϣչأκһԴ˵ǺҲǺҪ£
ȻˣǾ˰ɡ
ֵܣңʮǸС羰ȴǰ֮ڵġҪҴĴ
Ȼһˣܾ߰ɣ½ǱҲž޵Ҫ½Ҳô죡
Ǻã鷳ˣҲǵһ⣬Ļ̫ϧˣ


2265 鷳ģ
õķ羰ǰδޣӳӷǰңͬһԴͨֻһĻҲʮ꣬ĿУۺޱȵԴκһԴһ޷ͻƵʱֻҪͿͻϣһ߷塣
ңǺʮ֮һֻһС½ʱսĵطҪõĶ࣬Ҳ˰
ʵֵطǾסʵ̫ϧˡЩˣӦס½ȥԭͲƽ½սӿЩͨˣӦסЩͨ˵ļ硣
ӷһпѽԼСֵطֵطûǿȨûûκεᣬһôõĻѽ
ܶʱԽĶȴ޵ɱңҲ⡣
̾˿˵ûǿȨûĵط·綼ڰɡֵܣ˵㲢Ǻռˣ
ӶڳӷҲһ㶼˽⣬в½ǱߵϢңҲȻ֪
ûռ䣬һеĵطҵļ硣˵ʵҵļһǾҪȽϺáΪҵļ磬Ȼһ붼ͨˣû˿ԣЩͨȴʱڰΪȨΪ˽ǮΪŮˣеɱ¾ĸ죬ͻȻ
ȻҲ˵ûĵطиͲڡǺռ˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼѾռ䣬ϾռǺʵ̫ǽ˼ŵռ䣬ԼҪ̫ˡȻҲûбǵ˼ңֵҲѾ֤ռĴڣһԼŬҲԵһ󲻵۷塣
ӷЦһ϶˵ʲôԼʲôطҪʲôطҲҪΪҪǣ˭Ц
֣㿴Ǻʲôʱս
ҵԼĻҵԼһ̣ͻϿսʮеĳǿߣȫۼҲԼĻǻҪһ꣬Ϊһʱ䣬ԼϵֹսԼŵڡ
ǲףΪʲôǺ̬ǿ߻ԼǩʲôֹսԼ˭ôͣУԼ״ŶħһǩԼҪԼȥִУ
Ҳֻ̫˵
ţħ廰ԼһǩԼԼȥִеĻǩԼߵˣȫᱻԼȡ꣬ԶܷųҲ˵Լʵһȡܵ
ԭǶҪ׼ˡ
ֵܣҪʲô׼Ҫģ½𣿡
ô򵥡Ҳ㣬ʵڼ֮ǰҾƵĸٹӣ޵ľꡣ
ʲô
һ˵Ƶٹӣ˵ǿһǳ̬ļһ޵Ǹ
óԾ޵Ǹٵǳǵʱˣǿ֮ˡƵĸٹӣٶûˣҸˡ
飡
ûˤ˵ֵܣҲ̫˰ɡ޵ľ꣬ǾŹ㡣ߣǸٹӣһ׷ɱġ
ûʲô˵ģ޵ѾɱˣܿϧɱҲɣȴȱһǸٹӣߺߣĲ㣬ʱ˭˭˵ء
Ĳ㣿
һ㶣˵ƵĸٹӾȻ˴磬ǵĲ㡣ҼǵľŰǰһսżһѣֻǿƵٵŰ衣û뵽Ŷ̶̾Űʱ䣬ȻѾ
ʵƵֶΣŰ֮ڣȻĸٹӽ˴磬ǵĲľ硣ɷһ룬ǸٹӷȵĻƨ㣬ǵĵһμӷʱ򣬳ӷһ綼ûеģأӷ粻˴磬Ǵľ硣
ȻӷǱضֶθУҲΪӷ絣ġ
ʱ򣬶һ
ѽҵ˭ҴһңҹģԭǶСѽ
ӷ磬ţħȫתֻںİ֮һŮԼ߹ǸУÿһ˶Ƿ裬κ˷ӡ
еƣԼӷңͣûˣû뵽Ȼôһ
ֵܣʵڲ˼ңܾˣҿһǺȾȥɡ
ңǱ˵ĵ̣Ҳ̫еλӷҲ鷳
ǺãǾȥĵطתתⶫϺ󣬶㶫ǱԺɡ
Ǻã߰ɡ
ιȻˣΪβѸʶһ¡ѵҲǸĹļһ𡣡
ֻ˵ԼһҲˣЩСƽ̫࣬ȻԼҲ裬㣬̲סˡ
ͭ㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
ɫ䣬ŭһ
ѽû뵽СȻҷ쭡ðȫүһ꣬үԿһ򣬱үͷǡ


2266 һԲϣˣ
ŵļһðԸڵ磬ǾЩ߸ӵܣҲ׳Ƶ̫ӵˣӷǼˣԼҲеһӣһͷǸ
ֻû뵽Ĵ½ңϣȻˡ
ԣͭ꣬ңһݸλһڶ֮ϣҸ߳࣬˶Զ˵ңͯӶеģ
ò˵Ƣǳõˣ֮ǰûڣͬԼҲˣ̲
ʦ֣һСʲôѽֻңһѣѣȻҲǹ֮ġ
ͭŮǱˣͲٱͲȴ˵޼ɵּһŵĻ䣬û˵ġ
ŭʱ˵Ϊǵĵӣǰ˷뵱Ҹ浺սʱСûء
˭Ƕ
ͭҲŭڵʱǣȻǸͬʵ
Ҳѹ֣ᣬӵŸͬʵ˼ұϾңĵӣݣңĵλȻͲˡ
ɾˣѵὫǷﲻɣǵĵΣңϣֲǼ£ΪеǳͿ˷οڵڱչء
ʵͭˣͲˣͭҲҶ鷳
쵰Ů˵飬ʦΪûˡãʦڱչأˣҲúúøˡ
ԭͭгģͭȥҶ鷳ˣֻû뵽ȥңԼˡ
ҡ
Ҫ֣ͷɡǸʲôѵһ᲻֪𡣡
ΪүҪɱ㣬ҪԼʦڱչ֮ǰ¹ģң⵺κ˶ϵ벽ȴ˸һ㣬ѾΥʦ
⣬ͭ󺰵ˡ
ͻأʮӰͬһʱͭߡ
ɫһ䣬û뵽ͭȻõⷢӣͯӶûΪ˵ԼͭǹԼ鷳ġ첻ɫ㻹ΪҶ۸ˡ
ִӣǼѵͬͭһԸ𣿡
˵ңĵλûͭĵôߣҲǸ浺ңϵҲС
ִʮԱʱҲǲģÿһޣףڶǰҲ΢΢˵ͷǲ˶뵽ǰս
ִͭӲҶ֣ŭ˼ݣѵǸΥʦ𣿡
ΥֱͭӾ͸ִӿһñӣʹĻִӲòվ˵ڱչ֮ǰȷ¹ңˣǲϵģضҪɱ⣬ǵϵҲҪɱ֮
˵ҽֻǴһͨʶ֪ڱչأӲ֪¹λΪˣǽҾ͵ʲô鶼ûˡ
ߡ㵱ңʲôطˣ˵˵߾ߵġִӣǻڵʲôϽ¡
Ϊ׵ĻִӳԱ̾˿˵ҲͲҪֵΪˣȸһˣһὫ㱨ģӦòʲô⣬ҾͲұ֤ˡ
ǲʱͶ֣֪ӷΪʵ
Щ۵ļһȻΪһĳǿߣҪ֪ǵλǿߣδгӷʵҴңֺùϵ֪ʱԳӷ綯ֵĻǹһƬ
˿̣˭Գӷ粻֪ԼҪӷȫǲԼңһ˱̬
ˣҴϵģ붯ҵֵܣǾȶҰɡûǣңɲЩ˵¡
һ֣ʱһϣ漴ֻУֳʮӰһ꣬ͷ
ʲô磬ȻϵˡôһϵĺϷѽ
һɫƤ꣬վ˶ߣʱûȥĳӷˡ
ʨʲôʱģ
ջãû뵽ϵˡôţϵ𣿡
Ҳûʲô£ֻǴתתˡ
ѣ
ʨһתʱɫһ䡣
ô
ӷʨʱҲû뵽꣬ȻҲңˣʱǳǳʱҲֹһ̫һģ


2267 Լ
Щ֮ϣҲϵֵ֮ġղһʣʨһȺ͸˹˵ʨһϵġȻһ㣬ʨȥǳǵʱҲѾ͸¶Ǹʱ̫һ⣬ҲΪ˵Լǳһѣгӷ磬ʨȥǳǣӷ鷳ĻְܳһѣǸʱʨҲˡ
죬ӷңͣȴΪͭļһ鷳ƽڵϣǲͭӵܼƽϵģΪͭ򲻵ǵͽܣĸ׸ңϵڶǿߣʸңа裬ʸң¡
˿̣ʨ˵ĵȻҪͭ򿪸ˣǲӣҲǲͭӣһʵ̫֣һòϲڶڶκһ˵ǶǾԵĴɣңҲͷԸңĳԱ໥֮ƴɱһ֣Ǹµľͻᱻң
ͭңƾԼǵĵӣһ糬ǿߵĸ޼ɵǰɽ죬ͭ򲻵˶ԼͬӷһˣΪ˴룬Ϊ˸Լң£һλ½ǱߵĴǿߣҲ½Ψһһǿߣڹ˽ͭݵġ
ʨڼӷһ̣Ҳ֪»鷳δڵ϶ŭӲܸͭ˶ŭӣУһгӷˡ
ʨ֪ӷģһʮǴΣʨҲв½ģصңŲãû뵽ʹųӷˡ
Ǹֲ֪ļһΪңϣû˸Ҷǰǿ㸸׸ϲ㣬쵱ʲôûĻһӷʱ֣ʨʶ˳ӷһʮ֪ڱչأĳǿҲڱչأʱӷһŭң˭ܵС
ͭǸŮ˵ûκιϵԼ浺ɵĺǰڵ㸸׵ϲƽϣôһ䡣ɽ죬ǲ̫ˡ
ʨȻǸһϵģȻҲվڶߡ
һˣͭ򶼲
ԼңĴӣǴ󻤷ӣݣ͵ңٵڵʱһжԼ˵㡣
ڣʨĳ֣ͭ˼ֵļɻ䡣
ʨ¸ûϵҲΪ˽Ҫ鷳ġӦúʦڱչ֮ǰѾ¹˲ϵ벽ضɱ⡣첻Ǵϵ˵޼ɵûʦѵ췴ɡ
ͭ˵ע㣬ˡ
ŭ
㣿ѵûϵ𣿶һҸ㣬ֻ·һǽϵ˽ңڶҲһ˰ɡ
ͭѾץס˶ȻҲ֪һôˣϵˣǾԲ᲻ģ첻ôǵ˵Ҫ³ӷ磬Ҳ᲻ܡ
֮ǰͲ֪¹֪ĻȻϵġȻ˵ʹȥǡ
˵˵߾ߣ㵱ңʲôطˡִӣǻڵʲôѵҸ׳Զ˲ɡ
֧ʮɵĻִҲѽǵĶͷ˾ͭĸףԼͭ˵պûԼЩ˵ĺùӳԵġ
ǸˣǱִǵġ
ҵ뿴˭Ҷ֡
ʨǰһͿȥȶҪСܶ࣬Ǹ֮£ҲǺʾ
ĵôˣ󻤷Ķôˡһˣ㵺㸸ʨڣ˭Ҳ붯һ¡
ʨΪʥͲʦҸ׷ô˵ҲңһԱ
£㲻Ҫʥǣ˵䲻ģ㻹ᵽʥ֡
㡭
ӷʱʨ˵ʥɾԼĸ׳ˣû뵽ʨȻԼĸףѹֵʱǳǵʱܷʨŭȾˣ
Ȼģ£Լɡ
ӷ绺߳ߵ˶ʨǰʨһͷʾлĺˣɼȻͭΪԼϵǨŭģ£ԼʲģҲңϲˡ
ͭԼվĳӷ磬ɵĴЦ
ЩӷˣϰĴڣȻںʮȻ½ǱߵˣǱߵļһͳͳϣ϶磡


2268 ɱڣ
Ϊ봿磬һַ豹ľ磬ûɢκƸǰͬһͨˣκ˶Թ̤š
ӷ˱˫ۣң¿ֻϧѽµĿϾҪѪˡ
˭ң˭Ҳ˭˭˭£˭˭˭ͽܣ˭˭˭ĶӣȻǱ·һֱӳȫ㣡
ʨ໥һۣ֪ӷֶεģ˵Ǵ磬ֻǶ쾳磬ͭĽɫӷͲ
ȻӷվˣҪֹǲܵ顣ңͭʵ̫ţһ磬˵ʵң˵Ǽ¡
ֻǶʨ벻ӷƽı֮£ȴѾ˾Եɱ⣡
ͭ򣬵ڻΪͬңٵݣûκ˸Ҷ֣Ƕ֣Ҳû˸ֺ
һϰСɫȻվܺãүҪ߲ġ
ͭŵޱȵǿŮżԴ
ңһӣ֮ͭ⣬ͭŮӣŮҲңһִģ˵űͭҪ磬ֻΪͭǴ󻤷Ķӣڵ꣬ңòͭλڴӣһҲȹλ
ʵң߸޵л浺һģʮС۸ҶΪжһɳ˴ĳǿڵ򡣵ȻЩ˵ûҪˡ
ڶϺ򣬳۾ң浺޵Ҷңϳ˵֮⣬ǵΪȫͬһ𣬶һֵܣͭĸ׸塣
ͭ򲢲ҪµģҪǳӵģΪľóɵңȫȫıңеʱһʱ֡
˵ʵңϣĿǰԣ˭ݸλߣǵӣӲҲԲǰͭ򡣼ȻǶǣ˭أɣӷ磡
ˣӷǳ۵ĶӣңȻڳ۵ǳӷȻЩһˡ
ֻϧѽӷ絽ڶûмۣټĺĴ½ҶĶ֮⣬û֪ӷǳ۵Ķӣӷ˵ǵ񲻳һЦҲŵġ
ðɣȻˣǾͱҲҶˣԼ׵ˣԼǰװǰɣǾȥ͡
ͭŮΩ²ҵļһӷվŮʦ֣ɱ֮ɱʨ֪ĶȻǰŹǵĻԺôңȥѽ
ͭЦãҾɱСӣɱֻСèΪʥͺ˲𣬽ɱ㣬ʥҲܻ֪
ʨΣûļһǿѽӣ£ԼҲòˣӷӲԼ˲֡
ȥɣ˵ȳӷɱ֮뿪㵽ʱأλأҲѾҲӷˡ
ӷǰͭСɫбҪ𣿱˵Ǵ磬ѪԪضԸ˷ˡ
ȶ֡
ǰɣұš
ӷһ仰ͭ͸оԼǱԷƵģѾʲôȻȶ֣ҽôŪ㡣
СӣĿ湻ġûĻӦ½İɡ½ЩϾȻȶ֡ãȻˣҾͳȫ㡣
ӷҡͷͭǱڵľǸİԼĻ˽Լȶ֣ԼᷴжԷȶֵģŽ
ͭȴһҲԼ棬ȭͷһӣȥӷģԼһȭȥӷûˡ
Ǽʶһ£ʲôɳȭͷ
ͭĴЦתͷԵϷ˿Ůʦá
ͭʦô˿̵ɫȴǱʮֵѿǾͺñȿʲô̬ĹƵģ˵۾ڷ㶡
ôˣǲǼʦҵȭͷŵˣ
ʦ֣Сġ
ŮȻӦ󾪴󺰵
ͭһӣЦűתͷ˵Сʲôѽһ
ͻء
ͭɫҲǸʦһޱȵѿ
ڳӷ󣬲֪ʱһ޴ѪɫħѪɫħ֮ߣһɽ㣬ͻȻͳ˳ӷ
⣬ʲô

ͭĽвã¿ˣû뵽½ǱߵļһȻ˵ֶΡ
⵽ʲô˾޴һӰһͻȻֵ
ʨҲǴΪ𾪣û뵽ӷȻ֮ɷڣӣҪɱͭġ
ֵܣ飡
ţǿͭ˳ۣͭɱˣȲǵǱ߲ýϾǵͽܣǲݵģɱǵĶӣɱǵֶӣɲģӷǴĳǿߣͭȴλĳǿѽ


2269 ˭ϣɱ˭
飿ã
ӷĶħ˫ȭٹͷ͵һȭͳͭ
һ̣ͭӦĻᶼûУĳӷǰ϶㲻ϣӷھ̧֮䣬ܽ
³ӷǸɶˣޣǴϻΣͷһѽھĵʱ򣬶ûȹ
ͭ˫ıʲôʱҪǿƵ֪ԼǵֵסģһȭͷԼԼضǵġ
ǷӦͭȴʶģŮԼǰһԼȴȥ
顭
һ죬ͬһص׵ڵأڵըһ޴Ŀӡ
ŮңӵŮӣֱӱӷĶħҳ˷顣
ʱ˿̣˵ͭ򣬸ЩִӵĳԱʨȫɵۣ
ӷһ֣ɱ˳ӵӣһ±֪ˣӷҪ뿪ңǲܵ飡
ڷǳڣڲӦôӷ絽ңҲҲ˵ٵʱرӷǿߣǿʵ㹻ֶΣͭȻӷ磬ⲻϵ
ŮҽûУΪǸûʱҽгˣͬǵС棬ȫħҳ˷顣
ǻִӵ˼һĻһԭأղŶħ˫ȭҵΧһ𶯣Ҳ޷ȥԼ۾ȥǰһĻ
ͭҪЩִӵһѹԼǱʶ򣬸ղģȻԼ
鷳ˣһ˱̬ļһ˵ԼޣûԣǰǼһ࣬ȴԼЩ޸ӵûѽ
㣬ɱСʦáʦһŹǵġ
֪ͭԼǳӷĶ֣ʱֻǨŭϡҲɵ֪ӷ粻ŹԼģʱҲֻжܹȥֹ
һ֮䣬û뵽ᷢչ˵زνһʰѽ
ֵܣȲҪ嶯ҡ
ʲôǼһ˵
ãͭСӲϷŹ㡣ܣȥң뵺ء
ִӵĴͷ˴󺰵Ҳˣȫͭǰ
ӷЦһ˵ұң͵ģȻǲӭңҲǣЩ֪ļһȻңһңҲҵġ
˿̳Ļ̾ԣ˵ѽҵ£ҵĵ̣㵹ãܵӵĵɱˣҪңⲻҵϳ˸Ķ
ӷڿɲô࣬ЩһҸ׵ˣҶˣֻҪҵˣҵѣðңǶȥ
ִӣȥҸ׸Ҷʦչڼ䣬Ҳû취
֪ͭϴαչس⣬ˣʱʱԼȥĻ»вסԼĸ׸ȴͬǵıչֻʱԵģʱܳأӲֵĻֻԼĸ׸壬űסԼˡ
ôӵңȽϽͭȻȥңϣӷ粻Ҫ̫ңҲҴ
ȥˣûˡ
ӷȥУһǿĺڹʱγһ޴ĺڹֱӳЩִѹȥ
ڰԪأ
ִӵҲźڰԪߵģӷĺڰԪȴС࣬ΪڳӷĺڰԪУһЩ˶δĶڻĹ֮һƣ䲻ĻĹ֮ϾӷԪȫڵڶСڣлĹ֮Ҳ֡
ʨӷһڹȥһըֱӾͽִ֧Ӹˣʱ򣬾ʨҲվסˣһִ֧ӣͭģӷɱ٣Ҫˡ
ֹȥ治֪ᷢչһôĳ̶ȡ
˵ãֹ𡣳ֵ磬ɱˣɱҿɴδѽλй˵ơ
ʨ˫ķǳ󣬿ųӷɢƣѾγһǿֱסң
ƣΪʲôôϤ
ʨоӷһϤУһʱ֮ȴ벻ԼʲôطȻʨңΨһһ۵ˣһԵְɣΪʨӣԵʱ۱㴫ʨŭֻᣬңӶûеѽ
ɲôʨҲܽӷλʥһȻ벻ӷԼʲôطˣ
Ȱòò٣ɱ١
ֻһȺ˴ӵϣΧ˹ȴһ˸ҳӷġ
һɱ˵ӣһɱһִ֧ӣ䷢ͬһʱ䣬ȴȥ
飬ܿ죬ʹңңϵˣȫӷ߸ϹЩ͸ͭйڵģȻϷģ֪ʲô˴ңҪɱͭ򡣶Щƽͭһģڵ֪ӷɱ˵ӸִӺҲûκһ˸ҰͭԸӷ硣
ͭ򣬿ܣֻҪңеıӣСκβġ
һֻǴȴûһæġ
ͭںƣЩĻ쵰ƽԼֵܣؼʱһͷڹˣ
ҪɱˣܵģӵǣҲɡ


2270 ͭȣ
ң棬һںٵǱͧԼΪٶȿңǱͧȫΪɫǱͧ涼ðǿĻ棬ֻƽǱͧٶȣֻںУȴ˿Ϩļ󣬷ǻͰ㣬ֻӵǿ
ƽˣǾңʮľ롣ʣǷǰ
ʮͨ˵治֪ҪٶòܵɶһǱͧ˵ҲͰСʱ顣
ֹͣǰУȴң洫Ϣ
ǣƽˡ
֮һ׵ӽƽָңƽ˸˵ƽˣңʲô飬˺üεıը
ʲôѵ޵ѽǼһӦòʱȥңŶԡϾԼδҵ˭ʱֱӹжԣǶ֮صġ
ƽڻ浺ǿߣδŻ浺ǰң빥ңΪңȫ׼һԼҵ˭ܵһʱңңȫԼˡ
浺ҰĲСҪδѣȵʱңӦʱѾ̫ˣ޵Ҳᡣ
ƽϢˣõϢңս
ս
ɣңսǴûйѽϢģǶڻ浺˵һĺûᣬ㲻ֱӹҲԡ
ȷңս
Ӧò򲻻ըֱըҲֻսϲŻеġ˱ը֮⣬һоңɱ죬һǿң
ƽŵģȻվ˵ûᣬĺûѽȥٶȿңڿңϾֱϵȥ
һƽ⻰һ˵ƽˣ¹ġڻδҵԼ֮ǰǲܶң֡
˵ҪңεǰǵңΧʱ̹עңĶڿֱϵȥĻǶǵĹ۲ڣңԼ͸õĻᣬǿɲܹ˼ѽ
ƽôһ˵Ҳ˷˵ƽ˵ûֻҪǲңͲΥԼϵԼֱӽңһʮСʱ۲ǵĶֻһҵԼڵϵˣҲͳΪǵȷ沿ӣܸңһֲ
һ˵СӵĹ͡ˣϴȥɡ
ǣȥȫǰֱӽң
ңͲ֪浺ѾڿԼˣһֱϵ
ʱûȥģͭٵ׷ɱʱȫĻȥģǿϷģΪͭ˰亹ģȴһˣȥͭġ
Цչأ󻤷ҲڱչأңǻִѾǿˣȴӷһɱ˵˭ȥ赲ӷġ
Գӷ֮ǰɱνĻִң治զأƵĴڣʱѾһĳǿˣҲǴС֮
ʨǲֹӷ磬֪ԼֹˣӷֱӾסңɴ˿ɼӷʵһôľ硣
СӾȻѾת봿ˣ
ûҲڲ֮ǰں½Ľ紦ģǸʱӦøãȴŴľ硣ǴΪңһλǿߣԲŴܸʶġû뵽ڱչأͭ鷳
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ҾͲ֪ˣûġ
ɾǴ㣬һɱͭͭĸףλ󻤷һأǵֵסġˣڶϺУ浺޵ΪʲôŰǰһûǣΪͭĸףӵŴΪһӷɱͭ򣬴󻤷һأӷҲɡ
û뵽㣬ʨһѣ˵
УֹɱͭͭǼһϧһ󻤷ȴ赲סء
赲ңĴ󻤷ǾͲھֹӷҪɰɣ
ͭѾң⣬ͯҲѾͭǱӣң˷Ϲͯе棬׷ʲô£ô˴ĶѵЩһﲻ֪ڱչأκ˴
ϣϴ򿪶ţҪʦ𡣡
ͭܵǰˤһӣͯӶЦ
˵ͭʲôѽڱչأѵ㲻֪չصʱǲκ˴ŵ𣬾ǵĴӣҲеġ
ķϻٲ򿪶ţҾûˡ
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˵ôˣʦǼһ̫̬ˣ̫ˣɱҵʦãִӣҲȫɱˡ
ͯӻΪͭʲô˷˳ͻһʱû˼ҲŻȵġһͭ˵ӣִ֧ȫɱˣɾͲǵڵˣһǵ鷳
ôĵӣȻܵңɱˡ˭ô󵨣
С򣬲ܵʲôط˭춼ס㣬ֻ·һ

ӷѾңϿգ


2271 ǿߣ
ͯӷۿȥˣǸղŶǸСӵӿ湻ģȻңɱˣɱĻǵĵӸִӣһ·׷ɱͭˣ˵Լң̫ˣ
ʱȫˣҲѾ˹ңΧȫͷҲȫޣÿһ˵ӶǳŹ֣ԣкܶ˲Ǹ仯Ϊģͺñʨ֣ΣȴûԼʵݣҲЩһﲢ̫мΪˣڱ仯֮󣬻ǸԼ޵ĸԴ
ֵܣǵĶǧҪ򣬾ҸʨҲס㡣
ǰֹӷ磬ȴ󻤷治ôˡ
ӷȻҪɱͭȻ·ʲôǿĳǿߣǰһη֣ѾǴĳǿˣŲ߱ǿ˵ѪԪأѵһǲɡ
֣޹أɱٶҲҵ£Բġ
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ҽҪɱֻһȻЩһȫҾȫͻϼȥ
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Щһ𿴽ӣȴż٣ǧ䣬ԳӷὫŮͯӵһСһѾץסŮͯӵͷֱӸ
ŮͯӵҲֻȱһˣӷôһץ˶뿪һ׶ࡣ
ſңϷſҡ
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ѽΪԪڵĵطǲһģôĻ²ôԪͬһԴߣôĻôԪͬһطԪɲӵеģҪһضĻ֮£һŻɵġ
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˵ʵЩСӷͲмɱǣң㿴ڶϣԼҲܽЩͳͳɱˣ򣬽жԺôңλλҲȻŹġ
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ʲô˵ģһңһûڹҸѣ»۵ĻȻ顣
Ȼ֪۵ǾͲӦüȥղɱˣǾ͵ûȥɣ֪ʵ֮ϣǲΪѣҲ㲻ҪΪǡ
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½ԭ½ˡ֪֪½ңǰƨ㡣
˵仰ͺˣӷ½ģȴ˵½ƨ㣬ⲻ͵˵ӷƨ

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Ȼ½Ĵˣȷƨ㣬ҲӦһӰȫѽѵѻһڲɡ
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ѹͬʱһֻ޴Ѫɫ棬˳ӷϿգѪɫһңѪԪظסˣ
ҪҾҪ˵֣ңͲˣȥв½ɣ¼ҡ
ӷѾˣֱңԼҲȷʵ
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ĳǿߣ
ηС˴Ŀҿң


2272 һ֮Ǽ֮
޴Ŀ紵ɳʱɣңΧȫվȽţӷţħ⣬ȫ˵ϡ
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ĳǿߣάңŰʱ䣬һǳ֣ǹƳӷһ˵Ĵֵ֮סġ
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ΧЩʯͷľУâȫըĿǰۼֻǿǰգۼˣȥʮµˣһͷǣɽӵˡ
ЩۼĹâȫΪ׵ڣʹ˵ʱ䱩ǣǿޱȡ
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ӷһ۾ܿһȻΧЩʯͷֲԪȻһԪߡڶ˵һ磬仹ôǿ󣬿ǻδȫֻһγһƶңԪء
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δչֿһʱ֮䣬ӷҲȥжǵļ𣬿ɾĳǿߡ
ֻһǿߣһһ֮ģӷ㹻İӦ˵㣬ӷûˣһնûУϾ쾳粻ͬȾ磬ǽԴģһĲ࣬ҲѾ֮ˣ֮Ǽ֮
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2273 ޣ
Խսӷ羭˲٣ÿҲܳɹ
ڣ˵ӷ޷ԽսŲ񷶦ǿ˵ѪԪأǿԸԼ߳һĳǿƴһѵģԵĳӷ̫ˣԣƴʱܲԽսǽġ
οӷңȫǶԷˣԼ߾һţħǼһﻹƵģȺһҲң˶֪ӷһģΪһҲǸޡ
ʨģȴĳǿߣһǴ㣬ʱȥֹǲô
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ôڳӷԺ˵Сӣ㣬һ㡣˵ǿѪԪأŲ߱С涼ڲͬǵļһӲƴĻҲ˿뿪һ뿪
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սǿսҪҪûԼƾǸͲôˣһ֪㺦ˣ仰Խŵƨ
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ŰˣŰˣҶǱߵܵԼң£ɽȴôһλһ͸ɱˣɱԼĶӣԾֻһӷǸǻҪǿڶӷǸɵӡ
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̫ˣһʵ̫ˣ棬Ȼ˵ϾͷϣһΪףһΪ壬̵ȥ
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󻤷ˣڶˣɻ֣ȴסˡ
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ӷ˵ûֵܵȰ棬ʱ㲻֮ȴӵĻͽˡȻҲߺܸεĸ㣬˵Ǵ㣬Ǵ۷壬Ҫ̼˸£ҲǾԲܵ顣Ҫ˵ĻӲỳҵʵҲΪټĺĴ½Щĳǿ֪ѪԪأô


2274 ӣ
ӷҲǹ˲ôˣǰ磬ԼĶлһ磬ڶǷзģȫеȫۼңڱչصĳҲʱֵģ
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㣬Ȼ㡣Ļ쵰챾Ҫ𣡡
ӷһͷΣ˵Ҫϻʲôӵĳ𣿡
СӣһΣѵ𣿱˵һġ
磡
Ǻռ䣬Ĵ½ɣˣ֪ռ䣬ǲ֪һССĵѽ
һ£

Ԫأ
磡
ӷȻʲô
ʱ˵СӣѵڵʱһӵԪصŮˡʱ͸˵ǸŮ˲ǱӵԪصģǡ
ӷ絹˿˵ξԽʱξԽϾҶֵŮˣң
ӷ׹˳ΪʲôԼ˵ҪʱпѵõԵѽ飬ԼһĺڵͻģȻңѽ


2275 ʨ赲
ôû뵽ʱξַԽ磬ҽһ˵˶ʮԪߣȻңӣ⻹ǳӷ벻ѽ
ΰһϻݣͽδֻ꣬ʱδ
ԵѽԵѽңǵҵʱ˵ңȻġڣҵŵԶ˰ɡ
ӷ˵仰ʱеˣĿǰľƣԼһڵһΣɲǸԼõģǽĪĳޣʣˣξַԽ磬Ϊڵ޵еĴڣû뵽Ȼ˳ӷǿĳѽңʱĳӷ绹ֻһ綼ûеĴڣڵСطǸǿߣʱĳӷںռĻ˵
ȻʱĳӷңӲмһˣҲΪξԽܽҲΨһƾֻԪˣҲˣʱŻڳӷֵ³˴
ѹңϵ˻˵չضʮ꣬صʱȴˣŭٴαչأԭչضʮξԽȥ˵棬ˣǳӷʱˣ
ûȥ㣬㵹Լˡܺãǽ죬ͱ뿪ң
УǾͲܻһģʵĻ˵˵һ뿪ɵڣĳǿߣȴҷֺ˲ֿ˵ǲԵĳǿҲ̫ˣ˵Ǹ˵ģ
ܣ˵̣ǳķ̣ңʮһС죬Ҳڱӷռ䣬СɫѽҲ̫˰ɡ
ӲûӷѪ˫ɱ˫ۣĵųӷ磬·Ҫ˳ӷ⣬˳ӷѪ㡣
ӷܵǿҵɱ⣬ǿߣѾȫȾƣһȫʹֶΣ˵ʵһ㣬㣬ƻǼӷ罫еȫӳҲԵֵѽ
еѾ֣ӣһ۰º󣬾ͱҪˣǸͭɱˣӷȻ˵ڵĻʲôֶΣ쵽ġ
ǿȻӳӷڱ磬ʱӵ˵Ĳ㣬öʨ˶е˼顣
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ǵĲΣԵǿߣҲ·һѽ
ðɡֵΪ䲻ȵˣҵ﴿һ֮Ǽ֮𣬵ֵܻѪԪأֻţȴδֹߴԪ֮ףȻСӵġ
ʨ治ͬ治֪ĸˣ֮ǰԼȥв½ʱͽԼܰӷĻ;һѣֽӷϵˣҲĿǲΪң£һλǿߣµѾݶվڳӷǱˡ
ʨѾԼĹϵжãȻѾˣӷгӣԼͲٰųӷ˵ҪֶԸӷ硣
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ǡ
ʨ˫Ķųӷ磬ӷȫһѪΧţȴѪԪء
ӷ˫ȭգѪֱ˾űӣӷҪ۰£ϳƿȭӦˡ
ڳӷԣɱзܸԼڳʱ˵ģӷѪһȴʨе˼顣
ǡʥ
ʨңΨһһ۵ˣϵƣǲǵģ֮ǰ;óӷƺϤôҲܸһ𣬿ڣӷѪʨǳĿ϶Լλʥһһġ
ܰɣ
ʨԼ۾ΪԼˣ˺һſ϶Լûӷȷʥһһġ
ѵʥ
ʨҲɵӣҲѧĵ۵ĿʨŭȻ뵽ѵӷλʥйϵӵһͬ
ʱ˿̣Ļʨ룬ѾҪˣʨҲһ̣ԼǼ٣һģӷңȫˣңõˣȫҪѽ
ס֡
ʨ߶ʮһûϵʨȻӴֱӳȥֹӡ
ʨ췴ɣ
ʨ˳ӷǰѽԼ£Ȼųӷ磬Ҳʲôԭ򣬶ڱԼ
˼ѽˣɱ


2276 浺Ļᣡ
ʨһվ˵ңˣӷ綼һܨסˣ
һʱվԼҲӦǶŶѽôһ±Сʨˣ
Ǵ󻤷ʱڣ˫ǺݺݵĿʨ˵ʲôѵһ˷ɣ
󻤷²ûκζң뷨ֻӷͬһˣԲңܵκ˺ġ
ʨ⻰ڳǿ߿Ц
һռСɫһˣһˣѵ˲ɣˣԼңͱһָˣԼЩˣлվ
ʱʨվ˳ӷϵģʱͷڹ꣬Ǿ̫ӦˡǺ
Ϣŭֵϵģʶû뵽ڱչء
֮ǰ˵һ飬ڳӷ翴ûǸҪΪԼӣڵʱѾ˳𣬾Լ첻ңպҲǵзѵľ档
졣
һŭû뵽Լֵ֣ȻͬʱҪ췴̵ȥҲѾ϶ʨ֮ԻһǳӷʲôֶΣ򣬶ʨԲ˵ġ
ڣʨֱӽӷʥ˵ΪûõʥĿ϶֮ǰʨʲô˵Ⲣʲôѽ
ңʨļ԰һԼĲ²ģӷʥйϵӷң£ң񲻾Ҫ
ʨ뿴Լļ类𣬸Ӳ뿴ŵϵ˱ȫɱ֮£ʱֻվųӷ磬½챻ңֻҪպʥлġ
ڶҲѾȥˣˣҪΣΪޣ㶼Ǿûʸȥѧˡ
ͳͳСɡ
󻤷Ҫڶ֣ʨ壬Ͳˡ
ʨʨе䣬䲻Ҳͼǧ꣬ΪʨЩδֹһ͵ĽɫʨȴʥۣȻȻ͵õʨӵΪңʨеĵһ䡣
Ҳ˵ǷҪԳֵܲҺ壬ҲҪС
ʨ壬֮䣬࣬ϺĳԱںеģ˵ⶫϺ֮ڣȫкĳԱڻ浺޵ļʶҲɺġ
ʱ򣬶ź巴ңң˵ɾͲǼˡ
ɫ࣬治֪ӷСӵ׸һʲôҩȻǸ췴
ˣ֮н죬֮ͳ춫Ϻĺ壬Ǳһֽġ
ĴȻǡҲ֪˻ޣһΡֵܼȻϵģ¾Ͳڵϳ¡
ܺãȻǶѾˣǽ죬ҪɱСӣϺĺ壬ңϵʨ壬ͳͳŹʧңһҲýȫɱ
ӷ̾˿ӣ湻ݶģԼ¶ŹӣҪȫһսˡ
֣ʨûҪҴһܵġ
ʨû˵ֻǿЦһ˵ֵܣʲôȻҪһ򡣡
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⣬ӷеĵһӣ⵺ϲҪչսסǣҪȥϴ򡣡
ʨҲϻ󺰵ʨԱʱ˳ңպǻġ
ȻѱǾͱԺˡȫȥɡ
ǳӷҪɱͭ򣬵ӷ粻ݡڿɺãһ֣ǴλãҪӷ粻ˡ
ҪսұսҶˣҸ׳۵ˣΪ˵ҪսҸףүүҪսҲԥӦһսˡ
ʱ򣬸ոǱңЩ浺ҲѾõ˾Ϣ
ӸңǿߣҪɱһСͬʱңĶʨ֪ʲô裬ǳԴʲôҩȻŸԵ¿ʼ췴ˡ
ʱ֮䣬ң¡һ죬漴һصڣ˳ң
ƽˣӣңչսˡǸչصңԳˡ
ûѽ⻹Ǹǻ浺һûᡣңսչ̶ֳȣ˵ʱңʲô⣬򵺻ˣֻȫ˶ˣǸǻ浺᲻йϵأ
ȫƽһʱ֮䣬û֪ƽʲôƽ⣬ǻܻشġ
ˣңսԲܷʲô£ΪսģκһûһëǮϵ
ܺãҾϲʵ׼һ£ңˣǴܾʱϽ͵Ϯȡ֪֮䣬ңȫɱ⡣Ҫסңս໥ɱĽǻ浺ûһëǮϵ
໥һۣԼû˸ĻᣬԼΣɲǽڲѽֻҪû֪飬ѵҪӲǻ浺һñӲɡ


2277 ս
ӷڷ۰һͬʱţħҲһ֣а֮ȻϳӷңһƬ𶯡
ͬʱʨҲ̴ǵ˳߷ȥңͷŲǳӵĵ̣֪᲻ʲô֮ģһ壬Ǿ鷳ˡԣӷ뽫սתƵطȥ⺣⣬ΨһԳӷģ޾ĺˣ
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ңԱߵĺ֮ϣһʨڶϣٶǰС
ʨȴѾң赲ʱ֮䣬ʨ̱𣬶ЩҲûһܻ뿪ңġ
Ҳ̫˰ɣȻʨȫɱˡ
ʨǼ縺ңʨΣʨԼ֮ȫɱһǱɱκ˶벻顣
ҲɵʱԼȫǽͻʨһ
ôЩ꣬᲻֪ӵƢԣһôˣҪʨ˽⣬ԣΪ˱ٵԼˣֻҪԼںף³֮Ҫˣ֮ҲǺȫչɱ¾ģ˾ֱ뿪ңĺ뿪Ϻ
ʵң˿̶ţʨֵֵãΪһӷ磬һ½ˣΪУң͵ڳΪɥ֮Ȯӽ󣬺ʮ֮أжԵĵ첻ǣԼߵЩȻ֪ң飬Ҳض֪ͨĵʨһ˵Ϊ׷ɱĶΪȻѾңǾͲʮκһˣɱǣͲҪԼˡ

ӷţħͬʱ˶ˣһٶ֮죬ĳӵ˴󾪣ϵ󻤷ǣȻô͸Ϲˡ
ȻһͬսģǴӽҳӷֵܡҵֵܣǲôġ
ӷ˫һǿҵɱڱ
СӣӣҪһսˡԺ˵
սս˾ƴһսһսֽõǿ֣˵Ǻ¡
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⻰˵ģҲеΥˣĴ½˭̸ϹӷѽǳǱߣ̸裬Ůôʱϵ𡣶ңǱ߻Ҫֹľص͵Ϯ
ӷĻܵô࣬ȫȫɫС棬ͬʱ
Ĺ֮ʱ佫ռŤתʨһһңڳӷԱߡ
ͽǡ
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֮䣬ʨŭͱӸƽˣнββֱ˦˳ӡ
ţħСӣĿǰǵǿĳǿߣĸӦġԱ۵ľ飬֮£ҵڻĻŻ
ӷ˵ͷ˵תѪߵﾡĶأΪ
ţСӣȥҴˣ汾תơ
ѪߵϹȥ⺣֮ϣޱȵĿڻĵطûУǿ֮£Գӷ˴Ĳ
Сӣڣ־;죬ȵѪߵڻҲᱻֱǸʱҪԮǲܵˡ
ӼӷתܣһѺֱ˳ȥ
̡
ۡ
һֱ˻ΪĶĶһʹֱӱΡ
ʨһסѾ̴˶ؿڣͨˣһѾˣɶϾޣֵܼסأ
û°ɣ
ˡٶȴǸˡܣùҡ
ʲôƨȻһ𷴵ôܶһ˲ܡұ㡣
ʨڲǷϻʱһܱȴһҪáңһһӣȡʱ䡣
ϻߡ
ӷǰ淵أһץס˶˵ãֵֶܲܵ𡣿ߣ赲ǡ
ֵܣȥ
Ѿˡ
ӷͷһֻ޴Ѫɫ棬͵һŭ
Ѫ棬ͬ

ǵصӳӷȻ˳
ΪףǿĻѪͬްȻȥֵ򣬾ǴĳǿߣҲֺܷ
ѪԪأ˵ѪԪؿʴ


2278 ǿϣ
òѪߵ˿̣ӷҪĵһ£ѾǵֵˣǺңˣȰúԱ
ţħһϴѪ߶
ˣʱٸӷ缸ڴдҰսҪȽƸȶһӣǶҲͿˣ
УҲǶԵλǿߡ
ٸҷϻסʲôǡţħϴߡ
СӣҪѪߵΪϤģұ۾ոҲСʨ֮ϣñ۴СȥѪ߶һϵˣǾ군ˡ
㲻ҪܣȻѪߵȻа취סǡңѾѶţǳǷӦúܿͻӵġ
ӷ˿ҲܲôˣǳǷľؿӣӷҲҪѶţΪԼΪ˶ʨ˲ңԼԼһҪȫ֮飬͵һսɡ
ǺãԼСһ㡣
ţħôҲ벻ԼոջµȴΣĳǿߣԼĸӲĻɾķݡ
ֵܣҲܶǡһҪ
һͷѽСϸߣס˵ȵѪ߶ۻȰ˵ġ
ǡ
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ѪߵϿգӸͬʱǵȫں档
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У⵺ϵĶʮаһըˣǵϵĶҲɢӵңģңɼ˺
Ѫߵں½Ľ紦ɸңľҲ̫ԶһըˣǵϵĶͻͬһըӿң޷ƻᣬǲᶾˣңЩֲҲᱻһĵ˵
ǼһҲ̫ƻˣȻ㵽ֵطǶ뵽ը
ӣֱֻȥǸҳɱˡ
ӵ˵ͷµʱͻȻ˫Զһתʲôˣزصģ

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ɼȻѾˣƽͲȥ
һʮӰͬʱ˳ǰֱ
ƽһӭǰڳǴܾʱ͵Ϯңȫ˵ģڣȻѾӸˣǾͲ֮ܰǰ뷨ȥ¡
ǿǽһƽȻ޷ȣҲǸͬһģʽġ
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ļһƽȻҲǸĳǿߣȻֻǵһľ磬ܵ﴿磬Ѿܲˡ
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һ۾Ϳ˶Է浺ô
󻤷˵ģǻ浺ѵҪ͵Ϯǲɣ
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Ȼ鲻ͬ߰ɡ
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󻤷һ£˵˵ƽó֮սܰǵĻҪҳǼСӦò¡
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󻤷ǰ˵ƽǻ浺ĻȴܵңΧˣŴʲôע⣬Ϊǲ֪ԼϵԼһŵڣǻ浺ȴǰңΧ֮ڣһ㣬һλ֪ˣǹĻҲܰɣ
ƽһĻ쵰ȻԼŻңһ˵ҲȷˣﶼҵԼǲǻûҵûҵԼ֮ǰܵжԵΧȥǾ͵ΥԼϵԼһ£Ŵ˿ԼߵλΪ⣬ŹԼ浺ġ
ƽһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲôѵ浱ԷɵϲɣԼ¿ɵùˣ͵ɻʴ˰ף
󻤷ʵˣ¿ɸҵһϵҲûУҲֻͼݾѣԲŻңΧġҿǺʲô£ҪĻҲ԰һѣϣ¾͵û
󻤷ҲԼҪģƽ仰
ãȻƽ˵ˣҲͲˡΪɱˡǼһȴʮֽƻССϳ˶ǲܽըˣҪƽһѣһ浺ϵĴ֣Ǽһҳ
󻤷Ҫ˵ԼңҪɱ˭ƽԼɵӣĿģѵǻ治֪
ƽ·ˣЩһģڿɺãֵµһСı¶Լңˣ
֮ͶѣҾλһͬµȥɡ


2279 ǿ߾
˻浺ƽļ룬ڳӷ˵ֶһв˵ƽǴһľ磬ϳˣƾͲһˡ
Ĵǿߣֹӷ缸ˣ˵ʵĳӷѾһ֣Ҫų뿪ǲܵ¡
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ƽΪóľڴսҲһԴеĳǿߣסڻ浺ɽ֮УѾ˴ΪҵϰߣʲôطأʲôطʺûأЩƽִơ
ƽռһʱͻңԶʣǼ⳯Ѫߵ˹
ƽʱһ㶣˵ôҲˣ
һɫ⵽ǻ浺ĵĻˣһֳַۣͷڹĻ˵ߣһӣҲǻ浺Ļ˶˵ΪҲȫڴ磬ǹĻˣΪͬһ
⼸ֳ󣬾Ȼ޵ľߣߵΪһ֪㣬ϾĴĲ㣡ʵǸЩǿƽﶼǺ¶ģһǳԴʲôҩôȫܹˣ
£󵺡죬ÿһǿߣҲ󵺡ĵȫˣŰͷһѽһ浺޵һģңһģǵжԵĹϵ浺֮ǰңʱң˸ˣ˭뵽󵺵ͷȻʱۼһ𣬻û
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ӼĻ˽ƽ˻ȥɵĴЦĻŰ겻ۻǸǰһСѽǻ浺ң⣬ˣôһףѵͲò𣿡
ĻЩ֮򽻵ͲҪزصģֱ˵ӣ˵ûȷǿս׼¼ȻѾ¶ҲͲҪϻˡң飬Ѿ֪£һ浺ǲֵġ
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ӶѪߵһ֪ǳӷȻҲǸǿߣŴ˵еѪԪأѪߵԴڻԼ治һɱûƽ˽ֵļһæҵӷǼ⣬ԣȻͲŹǰİ֡
ĻԼϵʱ仹δŶң±λ֪ᵱʲô֪𣿡
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ӻû뵽Ļ˻˵ĻͲԸѽһ£ѵСӸƵйϵ
ѵСǵˣǵ˾ȻܵңɱˣĻˣ鷳ˡ
ᣬǸгӷСӣûκιϵңҲɱ㲻ŵĻʾ֡
ʱǰ˵ȷӷҲɱ޵ˣһ˱Ķӣ˭ɱ
ʲôɱ޵ˣӣ
ûǸӷ磬Ŀǰ½һﲻڶ̶һڿסǳǣв½ĳһ˶ϲ½ʮѾ½е½ˡ
ӱչضʱ½Ǳߵ治ǺΪӷڵѾ³ĻҲ˶ŭ׷ɱӷˣ
ȻˣΪλɱ
㣬ܸ㡣ǲɱǲܰɱԼϵԼֻǹ涨˫ÿսҲû涨˫ܺɡ
ðɣ¿ɸ鷳ˣ󵺡ĵԼȻҪɱԸӷ磬ӷѽ
˼ǣɱСӣ
ûǿ԰ǣȴҪңɱСӣ£͸һϵûˡ
ŹĻˣʵĻ֣û⣿
Ļһ£ǳӷ绹治Ǹһ½ôĶɱ޵ңˣһҲԼ浺ġˣȻǳ֮ˣλ˳ӷң֣ͲΥˣ
ãǽһ֣˳ӷСӡ


2280 ȴʱ
ţħѾ˵ĶѪ߶ӵһǿԪصģһǿߵԪأ֪һ˶ʹ࣬϶ʨıѣóӵķŭֵʱûһģûһӶǺڡ
ӷʨѾѪߵĴ֮Уÿһطÿһֲо綾ģһСľͻжʨСģӷ絹ûʲô⡣
õĻظ嶼ס𣿡
֮󣬳ӷó˵ֶΣһǾеֶΣڴеûظ壬ЩСֶζڳ˵ǲΪģǾֻҪһ裬͸Լȡʱ䣬ֻҪţħǱ߾ƺöƣǾͿԽˮµĹ򣬲Ӳ֪뿪óڵȥɡ
ʨΪӷЩظһ¾ͼסˣѧͦ죬͸һ壬ǴӱϿġЩʨ˵ҲһƣˣʨӣǴеߣ
ãϷͷ£Χʮ֮ڲ»ظ壬óǽעȫΧȥţħǱߡ
ʨ˵Ǿ;ɣʱġ
˵ٶȶǳ죬ԼСʱѾΧʮķΧڲظ壬ҲѾغһ
顭
Ǵ˿̣ǰһըԣǳѾϵˣһֱըһ·ģֶΣ湻ģûϵĶ
ֱ·ȶֶΣǸƼˣ᲻ͬһըˣ
ʨܵģճӵƢǸɵĳġ
İɣǸŮֲɵϣңҲǺԶͬһըⶾըǣңģǸͲҪֱգǿ֣ҪըôһС֮顣
ӷ⻰Ÿ䣬ʨſ˲ݴУΪΪͨʨӵıܣǰĵˡ

ʨϴһ˿ĿɬԼǻҲѱ֣ڵǡ
ӷɫҲȻһ䣬ΪӷѾоǰϢɲѽ
̵ģôͻȻˣһǡ
ֵܣǵ鷳ԽԽˣ
ʨеڵʱĳ嶯ΪʲôԼͲİ취ֹأڣǽˡ
ңֻǿˣʲôʱðˣ
ӷɫҲǴ䣬ͻȻֶ磬ҳһƱԼС֮⣬ɶǸԼµĴڡ
ţŸĳǿߣĻ쵰˵Щһƽʱڹ굤һŲ֣ǲȫ˷ܼѽôһ˾Ÿ
ʨѾǰľŸˣǳӸȻǡ
浺Ļ˸޵ôҲܹˣ͵˵ǶĴǿߣȫˣ
ʨʱʵ벻ͨףңǵжԵĹϵѽôȴۼһˣӣʶѰ㣬һжԵ˼ûСرǳӣңչ֮ǰ¹ģң鷳Ļɱ⣬ڿ⵽ʲô
ӷʱǸӳԾ浺޵ĵҲܹˣһ޵Ļǳӷ绹ܽܣϾԼ޵Ѿ˳ǳ綼ġ浺ô¶Ѳɣ޵¶Լرİⲻѽ޵ǰûϢ
ֵܣλǿߣȫˡжİգ
ӷЦһ˵գһа𣿾ŸĳǿߣǿɲǶ½ǵľŸ̫ϳѽƣ˵ĻǶǱɱĻɫ
ȷŸ磬һӷʩչеǱɱģʱ˵ʲôԽսһЦɱһֵһ⼸أ
Ȼӷֱӽ񷶦óȥҲǳԼһ˵ѽڻʨţħһΪԼ˵Ķӷ罫ȫ²ܣǾͲѽֱˣ
ӣǵЩظ壬𲻵ˡ
ҵʨ壬Ѿȫˣĺʱ³Ҳҵʨһ˵һԮûУҪԾλǿߡ
ӷ֮ǰ뷢ԮǳǱľضţӷҲܲôˡڣŸĳǿߣҶġ
óӷ绹ûѶţǲˣ
Ҫһᡣ
ʲô᣿
ڡ
ڣʲôλǿߣһնûѽ
ŸȻûˣһĶƴңǸ󻤷֮⣬˸ҶаŪǡǡ
ӷԥһ£ǵӷȻ£ңĴ󻤷ҲӲͷƤƴϼغϡ
Ѫߵʵ̫СˣڻһǽǸֻԼԸĻһɱ򣬶һͻ̸Ϲġ
ɱ磡Ǹһû⣬ĲģҲҪʮ֮ڲܸ㶨ģԼͬеǹҲҪ֮ڲܸ㶨ɣ
ʨЦһ˵ƣҲֻھŰǰһζѡ
ӷ䲻֪ǾŰǰʲô£һС£ԼҲܶЩȤ
㻹ҿǴϻΣͷһѽ
ӷ磬ܡɡ
ãˡʨͷܣסǧҪѪ߶Ƿˡ
ãϽģжܶ죬һ֮أ


2281 ׼ˣ
ɫеĳӷʨһһڴֵıܷӦҲһĶ㿪˳ӵˣ
ʱ򣬾ǳӷôǿ󣬵ٶ࣬ԵıϾǾŸǿѽӲĻǸûκġ
ںܾǰӷͷģܣ¿ԼԣԼԼĳŵҪ군ˣԾŸǿߣŸҪԼأȴܵĻǾԲеıˣ
ӷҲǸӣģҪܣ֮ǰҲҪЩһ︶ۡ
ĴǿȫܹԸң˸ӣرһ㶫ǾԵҳӷ̫С˲ǣҲܻݺݵĽ˼ģ
ǣӷ֮ҲڣԼаһɱĻɫҪ
ƽӷĵһĿ꣬ǻ浺ƽǾУƽΪ׵ģҲʹһˣΪӷҪɱ֮飡ǣӷ粻ܵų˵ȥɱѽҪǸֻƽ䵥ͲֵĻᡣ
Ѫ߶ǱߣţħҲзִģʱӷһϵңʳŹ
Ϊ˱סԼţħ뽫еֶȫó콫ȶ˿̣Ψĺ·ߣܰӷ缸ܣ
ʨѾ֮ӷغϣһӷڳ˿ڣòݸڸסˣϸͿˡǾЩѻֵַӷպþó
ûУǸ浺ļһΪֻдһľ硣ҵĵһĿ
ʨΪӷڵĻܣû뵽ӷ绹ûɱѽ
ŸǿߣҪɱһǲܵ飬ʨɫʮѿǰɱʲôˣҲҪ͵͵ѽӲĽš
ʲôΪʲô˶˵ǿԼΪô꣬ЩĳǿǰͬϰĴڡ
һ񡣡
ȥ浺ĹĻ˸һ
а𣿡
˵ʵһնûСܽɱ˵ǣֻҪһǵ߷Χ֮ڣض·һġ
ģȻġһ֣һǻһּǲ׶֡
ʨ̾˿ӣû·ѡˣԼȥĻˣѵȥɱƽɣ
Ǻãҽȥˡ
˿̣ǾŸѾӷڵλÿΪӷ˽ԵϢյķǳãûκϢ֮£ǿĳǿߣʱ֮ڣо֮£ǲϷֵģ
ʱţħʶѾ߳ӷ磬ѾȶܴԼˣӺˡ
ȻѾȶǾ˵ӷ粻̫õʱ䣡
ţħôʱͻأǵضѪߵϿգһƬƬơ
Ӱ֮ţӷʨ̧ͷһɵһ
ЩһĿʱѽ
ֵܣⲻң浺޵ҲϹˡ˵ʮˡ
ʮ
Ļ쵰Ҫ˾Ÿǿ߻ѽھȻʮ˵ֻеʱ½֮һͱȵʱ½Ҫǿǧѽ
ǳǾŸӷ缸ֻҪʱΣգڣʮһЩȫǾٴڻٶ࣬Ҳ𲻵κˣ˼һվһطܽССѪߵռ
ʨʵֵܣһᶼûˡһ֣ܽĻ̼ɱƽǸյЩͻ̽ǸΧġ
ӷЦһʲôҶǱߵ׷ɱԼǻ˵ĹȥڣԼֵµҲΧɱԼˣĶʲôѽ
Ȼǳӷȶ֣ɱˣ˼׷ɱ㣬Χɱ㣬Ҳ޿ɺǵģû취˭㵱ʱ˵޼ɵأںˣǿĸĸŸټʮ˵ʵȫֳܹӷѽǳӷ̫ǵ̫ǿˣ
뱱½жԶӷʵ
ʨһʲôʱˣһѽʱ㻹뱱½жԶѵӱ½˹ǿҪٵģ
ʨǻشŰʮɣ
ʮ
εΣκҲ̫Զ˵ɣﵽ½Ȼаʮ·ģ·Ƕ˰ɣ
ˣڣҾֻɱһˣɱ֮жܶ졣Ƿģծҳӷ緢ģƽ½֮󣬾ͻһʱֻġ
˵꣬ӷϵţħֻսһ𣬾̴ŶȥĺߣԼˣӱ½Ǻ׻Ǻ棬ж죬ܶ죡


2282 Ѫ

¡
ͬʯ׹䣬ײ𶯸ըѪߵһĻζ
ʮͬһʱͬһɱʹÿһطվˡ
ӷʨôҲ벻Ȼͬһʱ併䣬Ǿõһ㣬໥֮䲻ٴκεĵжԣǶЯֵսѣ޼ѽ
Ļ쵰ңӣݷ𣬱˱ӳиҵӹ򣬵ʱһҪɱľ㡣ˣΪҲǸʱˣϲԣһ뿪ѪߵɣȻֻһƽ½ҲͲԼ׵Ҷˣһʱ䣬
ӷŭѽ˿̣ĵȳӷ룬ͻأһƴɱӷĽвãţħûѽ˼ʮѾľʹѪ߶ˣⲻԼ˸׸
СӣаǼһСȥ˱Ǹа԰ôסһʱӶɱġ
ô̾˿Ϊ˽ţħҲµţħˡ
ô˵
֪ţħ԰ĲһƢȻԼ浱ǻǰѽһֻ죬ڵѾǵˣ
ʱҪزѾûˡ˵þҪ㣬ֱɱһѪ·ν֮ض֮£㲻ǼĻͱȥɱǼǿߣһΪСĵ·ɱȥծѾֻҪѵպûбĻ𡣡
ӷں޲ĳϹȻԼԼֻǲӵôѿˣֻҪܻɱһǿߣԼû䣬ڶϺ֮ɱһǿߣǺεȵѽ
Ȼӷ۹ȷǸһ㣬ʵֻҪܣǾ͵һʤˣϾ˵ʵԶԶ˳ӷ
ৡ
ϡ
ĴɱѾӺ󷽽ԼߣӷҲѾţħĴŭ֮
һȺССϣȻҵ۵ȥ·ͳͳ
ţħһͬɱ˹󺰵ҪӲƴƵǵĶ֡
ʲôƨѵۻЩСϲɡаѪ壬

ӷǴһţħ治ǸҲ룬ոػһȫµһȫµ壬ľ棡
ܲôˣȥӦǡ
֮УӾѾȥʮ³ӷǲ֡
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ˡ
󻤷ӷʨӴֳʱǻɱӷʱ
ٵȵȣǾۼһʱٶ֣ɲ˷ʱ䡣
˶û˵浺޵ֻЭңѣǲֱӶԳӷɱֻ֣赲ӷ磬óӷܡ
ţħ붫ѾذΧΧˣһ·ûˣ߸Ϲ
Ѿ·ˡʶ㣬ҵȥ˵ῴΪҵķϣһ
һŮ˽ָ
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ÿһ仰ÿһֶ˵ĺףԼΪһСˣԼЩսѻ᲻ĶԼɱ֣³ӹǡ
á
ţħһЦһȻѪܶ࣬ҪǧٱѾûսˣػû뵽ʶСΪˣͬˡ
ţħһѪɫĴ󵶳ֱ֣վڶǰ󺰵ɱ۵ֵܣʹ۵Ѫɡ
Ѫ
ӣĴϷĳӼ˶С
Ǽһеĵѵǵа۵ıѪ
˵ѪѪιɵģѪԽ࣬Խ󡣡
ͻȻѪ㻹𣿡
ٵȵȣ뿴˵а۵Ѫûǰ
·ӷʨѾĺɱ˹
˫һӣǿʱţ֣ɱȥֵǻ͡


2283 ʮ··
Ѫһа֣²Ѫ
аۣƾضµʸһѪаݺɱ¾
ȥˣаеǷݳޣþδõͷţٴμôۣµɴܱжôǿ֪ġ
ڣô󵺡ʮϾŸǿߣ˵ܶԸǾŸǿߣаҲǳԸɷѽѵЩСɫɱ
ģΥ˵սаۣҲţħһ·Ķϵɱ¾ӷǱ߿
ڣĸ˱ҪۼһŻǿһ㣬ɢĻֻȳӾ˳֣Ǳ³
ӷʨҲûнСɫʨŭϵĺһߵ
ӷ⣬ڳǳ֮ǰҪʮЩСţҪ治Ǽ׵顣
ôۣ仯ʿ
޴̹֣ӷ̼仯Ϊʿ
֮ʱ鲼ѪߵʹϷĳӾ˶´󾪡
ȻѪԪ֮ͬһ֣ΧˣѾʴ壬ΧЩ綾ʣ绨ľҲȫʴˡ
ǿɻѵǴ˵е֮
Ӽʶ㣬ҲкܶͨһЩϵģô˵ôۣа۵ʱͬۼѪ֮
ǲٵˡǳӷ磬˲ˣʲôǿĵƣңɱ䡣λȥɱ
¡һǵصϯʿĳӷȻһ̧ͷֻӵһʱͳԼѹ
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ӷ磬С档

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С汬ǿǰγһǿĺ⡣
ӷ类ӵǿ󺮹˺һͬʱھűѪҲ
㣬Ҳɱҡû˯Ѱɡ
ӷűѪʱҲͬʱϲ߱ӵΪѾ˴۷壬ϾҪˣӷҲ֮࿹
ȻҲǴ㡣
˵֪̫ˡţħʨǴ򱱱ߣӦǡ
䣬ӷǰһ޴ȭͷ֣Ҳô֮࣬Ѫʱһȭ
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飬飡
޴ȭͷֱӸӵĺһ˫һǿҵĲ˷ȥʹΧĴ֣գۼͱΪƽء
ңҲʱǰվһ˫һӣӴΧĲ󻤷ȴ˳Ӷ˵ǰӷԡ
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ֲƴʱ򣬳ӷһָһѪһĵ˴󻤷
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ȫߣｻҡ
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Ŀ湻ġ
ƽһҪ֣ϣΧѪ֣һƬȫסˡ
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Ȼ⼸һȻҲ֪
Сѵǲɣ
ʲôǬģɱ
ƾ㡣һ㣬㡣
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ϡ
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һС
ӷֻһУͽƽɱˡ
쵰ΪҲǴѽһ㣬Ҳﺰɱģǲ֪ߵغ
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Ļ˴һԼ浺Լĳǿߣû뵽ƽȴɱ
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λûɱˡɽģˮһ죬ҳӷ綨ΪƽءϻǱ뺣ס
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Ϊȫ
ӷ̷˶ıϡ
ص㣬½
½˿̣Ӱ˻׷ɱɱһƽǲǼŭ˹ĻˣλĻҲܲôˡ
׷ӵĺǣҲҪɱǡ
ӷ纰㣬Ǳ뺣ףںףٶȱǿ졣
ˣǱ롣
뱱½ʮ·죬


2284 ۵İţ
ʮĵ֮һ
վߴ̧ͷʣ
һƬƬĳɫֳܲɫԵļΪ죬ϵĸͲ֮еһ߱ǿĴʹ֮Ǿ׹ȴ־þò䡣
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ҶѾ۷壬ҲһӰˡô֤꣬ĳʼѵ֤ɡūҲõģҲڣȻ˶ԸҶģֻʱδˡ
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ҪشҪǷɣ˭˭ɣ˭ʥ˭ɡ
˵ĺɣһʥһҲϣŭȴĳǻл
ʮôһ֪ʥ뿪ˣ˶ưԵģôͲҪȥ˭Ϊǻû֮ǰѾĽͷöˣԼڲҲΥԼϵԼôôңҴ㣬ͷ˭ȥˡ
һгѾƺˣͲҪκεĵġ
ҵǲģǸŮˡū㶢ŵ㣬ǸŮ˻ʲôУǱʲôӦ
̾˿壬𲻵ģԼѽһˣǶͬھĺ飬ɻҪԼģ
䣬ȥֱʵƬɫƣֱӰʧ
ūҲѾתһӣֻһӰǰ
򣬴ӽ𣬷⺣κˣý롣


2285 Ƕ·ӣ
½뺣Ľ紦ͨ½ĺϣһľξ˲ͣķʮСʱ֮ڣľѾܱһĺХеȫƳ棬ھ뺣İףǧ״ٴεȥ
ͺΪ֮ɫں׵ԼٶǰУںıϣԵˣ˻ʱʱתͷ󣬳ϿȥɫΪš
У˵ͬԱ绹Ҫٶ׷Ϊ׵ĺǺеĵһںеٶ֮죬Ǵǿߣʮ׷ģ
ɱһ浺ӷ磬˭㣬춨ҪʬΣ
ĻѾۣ浺ԼڣĳǿߣһǸյ﴿粻ʱ䣬ٹþܽ봿ڶľˣû뵽ʱ򣬾ȻӷɱʣĻ
ˣںµٶܼģٲ׷ǵ½һҪҳɾǴˡ
½ȻȺЩ˿ڸܼȴ˺Щӷ˺Ҫ½ģһǽ½Ҫҳˣɾͱȵ컹ˡ
ʱӿɱ˭ҪڵʱѾӷ˲ݵĴңĵ˶ʮʱڵһû뵽ͷȴӷƻˡ
ʵʮǰֻξַȥռתתģ磬ҲֻһżȻֲ뵽ܣǾڵһ嶨Ϊڵ߳һģû뵽ȴӷȫƻˣ
񣬳ӷ˺Ĵ½ɱӸˣʣŹӷ硣
һ·׷ɱѪߵûܽӷɱȴӷɱ浺ƽⲻǹĻˣڳǼǴ裬ƾԼ˵ȻӷһСɱһˣ´ϣ񲻱Ц
׷ˡӷ磬
飬
һıըǳӰڶԺµĳӷ˽й˸ĳǿߣ׵ļǴĲ㣬ߵǴ㣬ֵĹƬӵķڣѾΧЩСȫûˡ
Ȼ׷ˡӿٶȣǶѾˣһ׷ɱǾʮġ
ӷ֪ڵԣʱԲܴԲѵȥӰ˶Թ
ֻϧ˵壬㱻ţħһ£ʮСʱٸˡ
Ѿٶˡھ뱱½һľ룬ȥ治ұ֤
ʮ·ڲһС·̣ӣѾֲסˡ
ƵһСϣϢһء

ӷһ˶ڣʱԼٶȣǰһСȥ
СˣҪҸطϢһ¡ӣǷ·ɱǡ
ãȥԼ·ߡ
˿ɫѾĳǿߣΪҪɱӷˣһǽ£Ǿ·ˣ
յĸߴ֮ǰֻӰ֪ʱڴˣһһһ׷ɱĳ档
ӸҴģǼһǱɡ
۵Ц
δءӾͿĸһδɱǡ
õģǰɣòȥһ½·СѾùˣòĺϷСװǰɡ
ݣǰװүŲŪ㡣
õģַѽһ·ĵĺܡ
ڲĸϻҪҲȿⳡϷ˵СӿǧҪСĸһ֪ĸһУһƵĸٶҿӵġ
٣ëΪ˲ˣڱǰԶֻǸƨӵ˵ˣСӵķ˸ˣѲɣ֮˾ǡ
ûͷСӣгӷ磬˵СӣôҲ벻СӾȻܵңȥڻϺ׷ɱ
ʵҲ翴Ƶ˳ˣ֮£򣬾캣Ϊţ뽫ϺռΪϺ߻Ǳߵ캣Ͷˡ
ƵΪףҶƵߣһǾ캣ǺʮֺԴһ캣˵캣İƵȻϺֻ֣һģģСЩȻ캣Ƶȴ֪Щʲôռ
꣬һǺģһʮֺģȫҶǱߵˡҿһƣԲҽǵϷǱضҲǴ磬ҼҲ϶ڳǰ˸֮ϣͱǸˡ
ٹ캣ĶӣҲƵĶӣڴ˶˵ûٹӵһ£ǲм˵һ㣬꣬ȻǺʮֺеĵһӡ
ɣǰ˸֣ȻĸСɫɱˣֱǸˡ
ôƻˣ
ԣ뵷ҳǵ˼άó޷ȷȥжԼһ·ߡ
ȻĻֶΡ
תȥˣǶˣ
ĸ˷ֿУܿ־ۼһ𡣻浺һҪùˡ
ĸһĵӿ湻ģ·ϣȻա
ˣ쿴СҪĻˡ
ɹˣĻ˳һȭСѵ˸ٷ֮ˣ
ûȻӷ硣
ǵĿĵǱ½ԣһ·ֱĻͼֲôáʮ·ˣֵܼĵǱҪӱսҲһԱķ


2286 ޣ
ӰʵͷʹԼ֮Ĵǿߣ׷ɱӷˣѪߵʱͱӷɱһھȻת
Ϊӷ˻һ·ֱӳǰܵģϣÿһεľ룬ӷ˲ںΧһȦһȦԭ·һξ룬֮ʱһԼСģĹʱɢף棬ⶼһһҹˣӰ˾Ȼӷ˵ı߶û
С쵰ʵ̫黫ˣһֱ߻Ƿأֻ߽λõĹֻǱ뺣ףȻҲܻᵽһСתһȦȴ֪᲻ڵͣ
˲ķǰ˸ĳǿʵǵֵסҲ֪ʲôùȻ⣡
ͻأһѪĴ󵶣ӺֱĿ꣬ӡ
ģ
ң󻤷һǵа۵Ѫţͷļһġ
ὫţħѪа۵ģԣţͷһλ˵еа۲֪˶٣Լһָͷܽɱ
ͱǱͺˡ
ɣţħѪǰװ͸ӵģԳӼ﴿ľ磬ҪѪУգ֮顣
ǣĵѪϺ򲻵һ׵ľ룬ȴֱȥû˿ư㣬һ˺ס
һ·׷ɱӰ˶Ѿ֪˳ӷһգ˿̣Ѫһ䣬ȻǳӷʲôıˣӸСʱֻоһķ飬ǿɱԼ˵
ӷͬһ㣬һ˫ɫĻӶţһֻ˰޵צӣֱӳңĶϮ

ң󻤷ȻתӷĿȻԼĶܣһʱ鼱֮£˵ʲôһǿֱӹ˳ӷ硣

󻤷һгӷ磬ǣӷȻɲ֮䣬ʧң󣬾ƾʧˣ·ʹûְ㡣
޵ǰɣһȭ
ûϵղŵĳӷ磬ȻһӰĳӷ磬ӷĿ꣬ȻǾ
֮£ҪӦȴѾ̫ˡ
֮ݺݴ˾ı
ϮĲ㣬Ǽֱ׾֮£
һ˵ķһѪ˳׹¡

޵ȥӪȣɺ֮УӰͬʱ֣ϵļս֮Ӳǽ޵赲
ʱȥӦԶͻĹƣһֻҪ¾
Ѿ׹亣ף׹亣׵ͬʱһıըֱըըںƵģӼȫɵۣǾʹǱĴӺ½ͷճ棬ְʲôȥƵģ
飬顭
޵Σͬ򹷡
ӷ磬Ӹƴˡ
´Ǿķŭ֮
ӷ˿̸û̫ʱģûʱɱӼ˸Ҫӷһƴ˾ϣֱӾͽӺ׸ȳ棬Һˣǰ
ȫΪһ⣬ȥ޵ӷһ𣬷Ϊĸˡ
Ļ쵰ֱġ
ŭһͨ죬ģǱӷһһȵġ
û°ɣ
޵ڶ֪˵ʲôˣѽοǶ˶ѼȥˣĴǿ߾ûһˣӷɱһңԼ޵ĵȻӷ
ھĻʲôʲôץסӷ磬ҪʬΡ
ɱɱͳͳˡ
Ϣŭ
Ϣŭͷ׷ɱɱɱ
֮ϣһĴЦҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ӷѾﺣ࣬ĺųӷٴλһ𣬼½ǰ
߿еӣȫĿɿڴǼֱǲԼһĻĻôǿߣȻ
ǾŪ˲ˣˣҲ̫˵ɣ𣬼ֱǽ֮ѽ
£ô
ᣬǺһٵ
԰˭׷ɱ˭
ͷʹʵǿȥˣ
ӣǸӷ磬мˢӣٱ˷ҲͲʲôֵˡ
ݺᣬǳʶˣ
ݺʷʫʮֺһٵ
λ캣һƵٵٹӸٽͬһ·Ļɫ໥֮䶼ȴΪҶĶӣλҲֻڰно
ݺʷʫЦһ˵һ仰ݳӷĻǱǡޣ
ҲǶԵģӷ磬Ǳ˵ܳɳΪľУӻǲ̫š
ٿɡųɱ˳ӷˣҲˡȥ½ǱߴϢǼ١ҵԼʲôҪ졣
䣬λӷΪͬķȥ


2287 ﱱ
˵ɮʦͽȡҲʮǧ·ҲǴӹŴйߵӡȣʷ˵ʮʱ䣡ӷһ·ȴǰʮ·׷ɱģתתǶ֮£Ҳһµʱӵﱱ½
һ·ǲԲȣͨˣ粻֪˶ٴˣɳӷ˳˵֮⣬Ҳж
ǳӰ˸ǱӷĸͷƵģ⼸ҲûٳԿͷ˳ӸңĴ󻤷ÿһ˶ٶӷ˼⣡
ú⵺½ϰĳǿߣȴ³һ½׷ȥĻһ½Щ֮˷Լ˵ݣ񲻳ΪʮЦ
֮£ӵλڱ½ֹ֮ͣ˶Գӷ˵׷ɱʱ̷ֻصȥɲڰ·ˣӲʱﵽܣֻǵȹһʱ䣬ƽ֮ȥѰӷˣǸʬΡ
֮ӷϺĴǳ׽Ѿ˲ݵĵزӷҲܽ¾ˣԼڵʵҲ󣬿һԼǿƽ½ͳһ½֮󣬵һĿ꣬ǶϺ򣬵ʱӷɲܶϺ˭˭˭ѵĥˣֱָϣ˵ɱˣɱ
ɫ԰ף˿һֱûг׺ת΢һָӵ죬˿ʱʱڣҲѾɢ˿
ʨֱˣһֱľУ͸Ƶġţħ˫Ŷˣӽ½ʱǶˡ
ڳӷõһֻһĺսĳӷѾǽƣˣ˿̲ܶòðﶫ޸塣
ڣǵѾȫȻʧû׷ˣҲóӷ˿
ڱ½ĺߣڴڵĴϢţõļһҲ̫˵ɣһ·׷ɱԼ˵˱½
ʮ··Ǿѽһ·ϣҲȹ˳ӷ֮Ĺϵǲ˵ˣԭӷȥңģȻҪ𵽵ףʵˣܲܶ³ӷ粻ܡ
ɵڣӷ綼̫ףʨΪʲôƴҵʱǱȶһվ赲ӵģһ·ӷҲûʱȥ
ţħһﵹǸĹϵõĲˣڳӷ˵ǰԳơۡȴƺΪֵܣ֪ǹѪѪĴ
ӷʶܶôаĴڣѪѪǰҪͷġ
ڣӳˣοǾһѽ
ʨ̾˿ȥǸпҲΪңЧô꣬һѳȴǰʮ·Ĵ׷ɱʣܡ
ηңպкδ㣿
ʨ⻹ס˶ѽѾң˵ʵҪȥǲ̫ܵˣһ·ӿûٳԿͷѽǵݣǵʵȴԼЩСɫ³ôĿͷݳݺޣܰݣ㣬ǶʨŲɵģλƢԸҲĺܡ
ûͷ·ˣԺ󣬾͸ֵһˡ
ЦһԳӷ磬˵ֵܣǱߣҲûްɡֵܶ˵ļ룬ɷӭ
ӷǽƣɻǴЦӭܲӭλ˵ֶΣңʵ̫˷ˡһ𣬱Ĳұ֤պǣռ䡣
ɲǳӷԣ˵ĵȻʵԼռ䣬ҲΪ˺档
ʸ⡣ֵܣ㱾ռˣȴǲ˵ģ
ʨֱˣ⣬һֱʣ
ӷ翴ʨ˵ʵ㲻ңҲġʨŭôѧģ
ʨųӷ磬˵½ܻ֪ʨŭѽ
ãŰǰսʱʥһʨ壬㴫Դ
ԭˣȷǺܺáλʥǺٽ̱˶ģңҲûֱӴѧκζ
ȷ۴ûֱӽ̵ӷ磬ɱУתתӵѧġ
ȻȻˡʥȻʶġ
ʶʶкáռ䣬ΪѰֻϧʱʱգǰһǧ꣬Ҳ͸ոˡ
ʨӷ⻰еͿʲôʱգʲôꣿ
ӷЦһҲ˵ʲôֻ˵ڻȻָһɡָ֮󣬾ϰ޸塣һС˶ѣġ
޸壿
˶ƣôӷ޸ˡ
ţħ֪ӷв񷶦ÿ޸һУ綼޸Լ˵СˣȻǲڻˣҲ˵ʲô
ʱ򣬺̲ΧͻȻһĺ䶯ֻϰˣ򳯳ӷ߰
ԭӷ˻Ϊǳ׷ˣһֻЩСɫҲͲΪȻΧɡ
мϸ£ͳͳ¡


2288 ƽȮۣǱˮϺϷ
ˣˣǣСۿĸǴӺġ
ΰСվһٷߣԵĺη壬һָųӷˣһˡ
⵱ٵĿһʵɢûһ磬ȴżöٵ硣
һٱڳӷǰҲһɱĻɫڵǣʮ·ĳӷѾǽƣ˶ˣ˵һǿߣ¾һǿߣӷҲԵĺ
ٵĿųӷĸˣеţħʨ죬һ۾ܿ࣬ʹĵٵĺŭ󺰵һǺޡˣĸҰˣȥ֪ش
֪أ
ôⱱ½֪ӷеˣⲻһƼȽô˸ˣ
ʨ½ѰԼڼӷһӣ˵ֵܣ½Ͽɲȫв½һв½Ը߿Ƽλⱱ½ȴԵıȽϹϣһֱΪϵЩסĲãĿǰ˽Ҳв½ˣȹһʱͻ֪ʵ½Уÿһ½ͬŸԵɫס
˶Ľӷ׹ԭ½ÿһ½ǲͬġȻⱱ½һֱΪϵĶǲв½ĸ߿ƼӷҲͷԼĿǰ״һи߿ƼԸԼˣǻǲðˡ
һȺѾӷ˸ΧۿҪӷĸˣţħȴŭۿ˭Ҷ
ţħһЩһﻹ溦ȴǺţħŭ𣬶ţħӡ
ѽһһ˵ӣΣүŪ㡣
ĲޣȫҶޡ
ţħ׷ŭˣޣֻǳӷӡָԭаòţأ
үү첻㡣
ٵĴóһƤޣ߶ʮһֱӾͳţħϳȥڳһͷڸĻţ㡣
ţħŭѽԼʲôʱܹ˵ĴСȻҳţүţүͳ㡣
ӷ֣еץסƤޣʱ£òͷѽ
λˣǲ޶⡣ʵǴв½ǳģǱ½Ŀˡ
ˣв½ǳءүˣ⻰⼸֮ڣаٺ˵ˣǵ³ȫͷء

ӷһԣǳǳԼ֮⣬ǾԲ½ģҲ˵֮ǰץЩˣɱЩˣȫðġϳӷ粢֪½Ѿ⺣ˣǱ޵ȷһҲ֪ɱֲ
λˣ㲻ŵĻȥһҵС㣬Ǳȵ̫ϳϣǶΪ֤ġ
ӷѽձ׷ɱ˰ʮ·ڿɺãҪһЩͬϰСɫ۸ԼûˣǽЩһͳͳ˲ɡ
СӵĿɱ֮ǰץ˴ˡأأô˵ֱҹѽ
Ҳѽ͸ǳǵĳӷˣһҵġ
ӷ磿ǳӷ磿ǳǵĳҪǳӷ磬үҾ
ٵĺǲмͷʲô˶ѽǳǳŶð䣬ԾǺļϸ
ٸүϻͳͳүߡҲҪ֪شˣֱӴͷпڣץЩˣһնˡ
ɶ
ն
ҿ
ʨڲӷ绹Ҫƣ˵ֵܣû뵽½Ȼֵʵˣ
ܹң΢ѽ˭ںһ˵Ļء
㻹ʲô˵ˣоָɣȻһնһͷһţͷһͷһʨͷɶ˶ˡҪ֪Ϻ󵺡ĵȫɱǣڷЩСɫɱˣνҪųˣ
ڳӷѽֻЩ˽Լ˴ˡ
һ·֮ϣһ·ǰУһ·Ǳѩأı½ˣһļȫǺĶ죬ģȫްû·
ʵܳӷǴϰһʱӴģȫСطΪЩʲô壬֮ģȫڱ½ɽλã͸˵Ǳ½ϵıˣ
ΪѾʮСӣûŹҲûСǱѩУҲδ˵һ羰ߡ
½Ҫв½࣬Ҳв½ǰֻһУźöУڴ½ΪģΪأǱ½ġ۶ѩڣѩǣʮ·ѽ֪½֮ӴѾԶԶڸ߿пǰˣ
ⱱ½жλڱ½ʲôλãӷֻ֪һ£ǾǣǻƽȮۣǱˮϺϷѽ


2289 佣ɣȥ
ǳǡ
̣ôȥˣӷǱϢ𣿡
մӳʱơľøַڳҥԣ˵ʲôӷѾǳˣ½Ǽʱٴνв½˵ǰǳǣмǿֵܵӵģǳȴǸվһˣʱ򣬸ͶסκһĹһٳ£Ǿͻ֮ľҲ֪ĸըʹǳǵĴ֮ʱʱըһʮСʱ֮ڣҪըΣҲľҥԣȫǵľ񶼿ֻ
ѾҵľڳŴȥץǼһˣû뵽ǼһȺ껹Ҫƻʮ֪ڵǳĶ֣Ͳԣ㱻ˣǽǰʵĶ˳һľûӰˣ
ȥƸ͵ȲӷǳǾͽľ壬˼һҪԶֵģҥԣͿһǳǵľ
һϢûУ½ǱҲѾ˹ȥǵ˴Ϣʱ䱱½ȫ⺣κ˲ý룬һ֣˭Ǻļϸ
Ǹô죿ľصֶʵ̫ˣһһе棬Ǹ治ѽ
˵ǳǸոձȫ٣еȫ֣ϾҪʱģʱڣս˵Ļ̻̣ĲȵܿͽϢ̸ﶼ
ڱϽߵϢ֪ͨӷ磬óӷԸľصİ취Ϊֻгӷ˽ľأҲֻгӷܶԸľأˣͰ첻ˣʱھĵʱľظյһԷΪƣΪ꣬˵˳ӷˣҲκβѽܽ˵ӷԣ
ĵĿɲôȥӦľصĻУֻľǼһһСֱۣͶǳǵĵˣǿɱڸΣա
ڰɣô˵ľҲǳʦĵӣʱҲǴѽ
ҲˣʱΪ˶ԸǸ̫ӣ̫ϵľǸС˿ǲЩȫƽӪģԻȡ˶Ρ
ѽʱľΪ˻ȡ̫ӵΣ̫սתƵǬ磬ֱӾͽ̣ƴţˣȫ̫ˣģǼһֱһΪĿģֶεĽɫʲô˶
Ĵ½ӷ磬˴ľԸܸӷưոݣ㲻ǰڵֵĲݣҲóӷùġ
ʱ취ӷ磬ˡ
棿˵磿
ûӷѾб˵ҩȥӷڵĵҩӦúܿС쾳磬쾳б򿪺֮ţСǾͿʽˡǵıӦӦľء
˳ᢵĽɫΪӦòһġƴţǼûһƢ侲ģҲǱľķݡ
һˣţֻҪһҲǣסľء
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佣Ľ񣬶һҰһֵ̳ġ˵ҲǿʨĵӰɣΪ侲ᣬھĵʱΪһ
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ǻȶľɣסĴţһľٳ֣ҲܵһʱõϢ
硣
һƬԭʼɭС
ǿİɫʱ֮Ƭɭ֣ԼٶȣγʹɭеֲжĤݡ
ৡ
ɹâƽʷǽ׹䣻ݣبŽΪ
佣һۣһɰ磡
ϬĽǿ佣һᡣ
һ޴ӰֳһѿٵظԶŴ񣬴˵һʯٳƬص̹š
佣Դ̹ţԶŴȴҲǳҵ£ޱ飬֮дſ֮дŲм
̹ſأһƳգ
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޴Ŀ佣ǰۼγһǿֱӽ̹Ÿѹסˡ
ýǿʨ̳ҲΪ֮𺳡
佣ƨûУĿ·ض۰㡣
ɣʱˣڣҲðˡ佣ͻưɡ
¡¡
޴Ʒ佣򽣹ڶУϼֱѹ¡
ãǳá϶죬Ͼͳˡ
ͬʱʵһҲǿϼ⣬ϼ֮Ƕء
̹żͬʱϼ⣬֪һ£ͻ϶ģɲ佣һѽһˣҲͻơ
ǻ˭
̹Ų
佣
ǻƼңƴţ
ԭСӡ佣Խͻ϶죬Сȴȭͻ϶졣ǵһռ䣬ȥġ
佣ߵĵϣȶ˫ȭһ˵ʱ䣬л̹Ҳôܵ쾳硣
ɲҾӹһУСǱߴĵҩ򣬾ٸߣеԶŴҲô͵쾳ġ
佣һӣ򽣹ʧվ˵һȥˣߣҪλˡ
ͷĵȥɣߣǣٲҲҽɽ
أһǿϯ磬佣˵Ѿڿ֮ˡ͸ˡ
ȥδ
ȥٻͷ
ȥɹâ
ȥ׹䰢ǣ
ȥսսأսġ
ȥɣҵ£ͿһˡЩϼһΪ٣


2290 ֵǵľģ
ǣھַ
СɫһĲ԰ףǽռ䣬ٻһδ򿪺֮ţĴССӲͣĶţûΪĸ׵ĺʹҲ֪ԼŮϿһΪʵȴǿµľˡ
ڱ򿪺֮ţԼҪٹȥƲ̫ˣҲǽ֮Ŵ򿪰ˣܶ£Ȼĺӣĺͣһ˵·ȴǿ˷ָҲ֪ԼĸףںǱǿߵˣ뾡Ϲȥġ
ڱųӷĵҩ֮󣬳Զɽ̫үүͽҩַȥûκεƫģΪҵһμԶɽԴ˸εģ
ЩСǣɲǿųӷĵҩÿһ˶ʮŬߵģǱߵģʮŬЩУˣ˵õӷĵҩ֮⣬д˱佣ƴţҲƴģĵطǵ磬ռ䲻ͣݺᣬҲ֪ĸõΪǲͣȥ
ڣڸող֮ǰѾص磬ھǵĻƴţͻһϣ϶ľ磬㹻ʸռ䣬ȥӷˡ
һ佣ҲһƬԭʼɭͻϣ϶쾳硣
ƴţվڱȫɢǿϢ⼸꣬ƴţҲǵǸֻ˵ĹӸˣѾΪһλǿߣռ䣬ǿˡ
˫Ǭ˵ɨһȦƴţһЦЦǵǰĿȴѾѱ˳Ŀκεۡ
λϾҪˣȥҵֵܣȥҵĴ硣ϣһߣҲҪ̫ѹҪģһֻǶ
ƴţһţ˵֮䣬ҲǱǰࡣ
ţͷĵȥɣֵҲܿͻȥġ
ǬɽģϹҡǼˡҲϣǱߵȵ̫ãҲȲôáһ£ҪֵһȥǰˣˣҲˡ
ĸǷϻ㲻Ǳһģ˶ãһȥġɽ
ãܺãҵֵܣǳֵܡҸ磬Ǳߵǵĵġʱֵܼˣپһãʶˡ
Զɽ˵ţռɲ¶ҪԼǧҪСġ
үүɷģһͬȥģǻһһ𡣡
˵䣬ֻһңԶֱ
תͷһ佣Ѿˡ
佣Ҳϻ˵ˡ
򵥣ˣĸ֣жѪ̶ǻѨ˵۾ߡ
λ֤ǣȥҲ
ƴţ佣һͬ˺֮ţܿ죬ֱӻ˹ȥ֮ţҲر
Ǭǰѽڻ˵˫֮УˮΪΪƴţ佣ǰȥ
˵ˣֵһȥ𡣸ĴţҲ̫ˣ佣˾ˡ
´ƣ־ñغϣϾñط֡źܿ죬ֵܼˣǸʱֵ֣Ѫս
ûǵΪҲʥ磬ӷñĵҩܿ죬ͿԳ쾳ˣǸʱ򣬴һȥǺռٶǿߣôǿֵܣѪս
Ѫս
ͬ졣
̾˿ڵģ˵ţιȥǧҪǻƼҵѽôĵˣֻҪվǰɱˡ
ϹѾˣһ仰Ҳ˵תߣ˶֪Ϲ˴̼Ϊڻƴţ֮ϣڵãƴţȴȵ쾳磬ԣ˵κεķϻУǾȥ棬治УǾȥ֮һ֮ڣһҪȥ
ÿһ˶أ˵ӷһӣ䶼һȺ竣һȺ̫ӵֵ֮壬ԶԸıģʲôطʲôֵܣסǣܿ
֮⣬ÿŵ򶫷ʧһ⣬˵˵ļҲʧ䡣
磬Ҫٶȵ쾳ѽ
ǵ˵ͷ쾳磬ǰǶôңɼڣܵ쾳磬ǾԶȥռ䡣
֪ǣǱߵҡ
ܣؾôˣ
Ѿ˶ʢʱڵʮʮɷһѾȫˡ
Ǻãӽ쿪ʼҸãһ쾳硣
Ǵ磬ǰҵĻԼ͡
Ҫ˵ôˡںҪһܰǵˣˣǸոչȥ佣ƴţУΨֻ㣬ܰĵ
ûһͬǰȥĻһľء˵Ǽһԣʵǵģ
ӦðɣǸľزǵĳ޵
Ѿתεˣ˵ʮһֱڰаƢǿɶ̹ģһСۣʲô鶼ĳ
ܣ˵ôˣǱҪ̫࣬ÿһ涼ܿǵġֻҪܹȥٱߣǾͺöˡţĲǣɲߵģռ䣬㷢չء
ҲϻǱһô磬ԼҲ֪
ãӽ쿪ʼ磬ãˣұҪһռġ


2291 ţţ
Ƶٽᣬݺʷʫͷٵȫۼ˶½ԭͬĿĵģǾѰԼ˵Լڶ½ֹʹĸٹӸٽҲû˼ȥҳӷˣֱӸϵ˶½
ԼƵܵõԼĻǿһĹͣʱ˵пԽӼԼԣٽŷȥѰҳӷ磬ķתͷ˶½
ӣ½ԼϢɵǸϵ½ʱȴ˸ٽԣ໥֮䶼ǿԷ˳۵ģٵȫǸλΪ˸ܹȹ̣ܹԵĻǸͲ⽫Էɱ
ٽ˳Ƹٹӣ˼ʱ̶ǰʯѽôˣȻֶ
ݺʷʫֱӷ̸ٽҲ֪ٽƢȴְ
ޡݺʷʫʲôڱǰʲôûٸëߵĹϵѽ
ٽߣһƾͽݺʷʫȴ֪ŪĻԼƵǸ£Ū˵ʵĻԼԶԶݺʷʫԼʱݺʷʫѾܾˣȻģǵΪǵҲԶԶԼ֮ϣԼ﴿ĲʱһѾ˴߲ľ磬ôȥˣһΪӦõ˴ڰ˲ľɣǵ߲۷徳ˣ
ٽɿͷϻǲʾģͲţһҾԼɱ֡
ݺṫӣӣСȫѽ
һֻӣǰĻǸٽԼȴǸʱ͵ϮݺʷʫʱͷٵȫˣԼܽ¼޻ӷ磬⸽Ҳûڡ
𣬸ٽӦǿ¹Ӳ˳۰ɣÿζǰ˵Ļ˵Ѿ֮ˡڣٽǿһͬ½ûõԼ뼸仰Ǹء
ݺṫ⻰ɲͶˡʲô˵䲻ģһˣһֻ֣һҲǱӵĶ֡
ٽѽԼȷκһ˵Ķ֣һֶֻãͿԼĻҲ˵ôֱӰɡ
쵰־Ͷԣӿɸǣα½ɲΪѰԼɻ縺ҵһҳ£֪Ϊʱ˵ǣͬǵӣҪܵǣ
ٹûк˵ȷģ㣬ݺʷʫҲ֪ģҲΪˣǲҶٽһ¡
ʱԵʱͻȻǵߣͻȻһɼǿ󣬾ӣɵȥ
ʲôȻǿ󡣡
ৡ
ĵӶ룬ͻȻһ⣬ǵǰֻγһȾ޴š
⣬ţӵɫʱһ䣬Ǻ֮š
ĸļһȻ˺֮ţ
Ҫ֪֮ſɸЩ֮Ųͬռľγɵģţ֮ͨˣĵõ˺ռϿɣռ䣬֮ףǿɲһǿȵģʱʲôҪԴӺ֮߳˲Ǿ͵ڷ񶨺ռϿɣ㽫֮ŵȻǺ֮ʧ֮һСʱȥӺ֮߳ˣռ޹ˣǸʱδɱ֮ǰ˭˴Ӻռ߳ˣͻܵùס֮еǵɾĳǿߣȻ·һ
˿̣Ӷһʱ֮Ҳ벻ʲô˴򿪺֮ŵģ׻ʲô˴
һͿʱֻ֮߳ˣһαȽһĿ⣬ηǳ࣬ͬʱӺ֮߳ģͬһʱ䣬ԡ
Ӷȫɢɱ⣬ȻӺ֮߳ˣȻǴռģɻʲôռء
ʱӶûнӷȥϸһ£ӷҲǴһռ䣬һλˣǾͻĵǰֵˣӷһġ
ƴţȭͷ죬Ǻռ䣬ǿ֮Դѽѹִ˵˻ǿˣۣҲѡط
õطõطѽֵһչֵĵط
ӵǰȻ˵ĻûӷԼǴĳǿߣȾ磬ƴţ˿ɻ֪ģ涯ԣƴţ佣ǱɱĶ󣬿ȴҶ֡
佣˵ϻˣ߰ɡתһȦ
ͲӣʹӺǷŭʲôռģȻԼǰŲűǡ
ƴţھʱû̫࣬һӸŭĻ
ʲôѽ
ʵ֮ͨʱƴţ佣Ѿѧ˺ռԣ϶Ϊ˵ҪѧһԸͲʲô¡
㡭
ݺʷʫҪ쭣ȴʶ֪ߵغļһմӺ֮ųǵɾĻڿɱǣҲº֮ĳˡ
仰ݺʷʫ侲ɵֵס֮ŵѽ
ǻƴţͽӸˣմմϲûӷ
ܿ죬ƴţ佣ȥУ佣˵ղһǣ֪Ҫǿٱ
Сɫ𡣡
ƴţǺռ䣬ǺĴ½֪ôġ
ƴţûзıȴѾʪˡԼôûоղһǿı̬ǵһôһôΪ
û´Ļ϶죬磬߾磬б϶ߵľ磬ղˣѾԽ϶졣
˵ˣǸϽȥҳɡļһһ쵰Ӳǡ
Ǻõģȴܰѻ˵̫ˡڻҪҵСƴţųʶѰ
Ϊʲôң
Ϊٷˡ֮һ˵ʶҪαȫ£Ͳܣ˷ͷѰˣܶ࣡


2292 ˫ȭֶ
һСʱȥˣٽҪȥ׷ƴţһСʱʱ䣬ƴţѾûӰˡʹĸٽӺƣôЩ꣬û˸˵ԼĪı˵ˣͬϰĴڣʸٽܲߡ
Ļ쵰˱ټǣ򣬶쵰ҡ
Ǹٽģ
˿̵Ļƴţ佣Ѿ˶½ϷһСУпǣ½һ½ĳǳطǳ࣬ȱ½Ҫʮ½ΪӴһ½˿Ҳģɣ壬ͬ½ġ
в½ǳǲͬ½ҲȫһûȽĸ߿ƼҲûиŵЩȴȽмһͬ͵ŷһ㣬ĽԵĺǴȫһֳĿʯɵģȴҲʮּӲĿʯһ֮ڶκ⣬ֻҪģսУͿ
ڵǵһ·ϣƴţ˸ûҵӷǵ䣬ûκεϵϾĴ½ҪȵôһǣѾûƴţĿɿڴˡ
ˣˡ
佣һҹȲ裬ųԵ㶫ȻûкĴ½ǮѵõһٰͰײԡ
ôǵϢˣ
մģû뵽Ȼôһһʾʹˡ

佣ƿڴһ˾ʹˣ֪αطųʶȥء
˵ʲôط
˵һв½ǳǵĵط
ǻʲôȥǡ
ƴţס佣˵㼱ʲôһû˵ء
߱˵
ȥҳ磬²̫ܡ
Ϊʲô㲻˵ʲôǳ𣡡
ǳûڵĵطж½ǳڵв½źüʮ·أ
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üʮ·
⻰佣ﶼɵһȴỳɻƴţǺ˵ģ֮佣ҲǼʶˡ
ж٣ҲҪȥ
ȥһҪȥģûǵǸв½Ѿˡ
ʲô˼
˼˵ڵ½ڵǸв½ǵжԵĹϵңһڲ֮ǰȻһ֮˶½½ϲ½һʮѽǵľŸ̫ϳϣѾ˲ݵĵز룬ڳ˵ӪҪȥв½ĻҪɺһɺᱻǵݵģʱǸô˵ȥв½ʲôҳӷ磬³Ӧĵɣ
佣ҪȻƴţ侲Ķ࣬˻ƴţĽһ˼·ʵ˼˵ڵĵطǵˣ
ûһǴС
ȻˣǲˣʱҲȥˡ

ûǵ𣬳Ǳߵ˹Ҫ쵽ѣȻǸյռ䣬ѾǿϲԸһõĻѽ
ƴţЦһ˵˼ﵷң
ûǾﵷңǾϸˡ֪Уһ½ǣȴũΧеķһ·ңҲΪˡ
ãôˡڣǲûǮ⿴ȥܲĵطô
⣬ƴţȻ󺰵Ļ쵰ѵûǮͲӸƴˡ
顭
һ죬ӱƴţĳ˷顣
ҷݵ˶һˣȫתͷ˻ƴţߣȥǷԱС˳˹
ʲôѽȻﵷңǳҵѽǾȻ̫ͷ϶ⲻ𣡡
Χһ¾˵ⷹĻϴ佣һǸˣţⷹݸˣң˾򣬲ģͳͳҹ
佣дţһԲѣһͲͣҶ飬ƴţΪֵģǰҳӵ£һų̂Ĳҡ
ҲʲôطȻﵷҡ
Աŭ
ƴţһԱȻһͨˣ˵ֱǰһţԱߵڵأ⼸Աͷ˵־Ͷ֣ԼҲͨѽɲҸЩԴ߽о̺֪ͨϰ壬ǵˡ
佣һѳৡһʣֻҶǺûʲô˼ʱɱ˵Ļͺˡ
պüΪԼµģ򹤵ļһ˹ȥ佣⼸һԼӦģ̵𣬺ðʮ֮࣬ͽ˵ͷ
ʮǱߣڻûֵܵסռ䣬Ĵ½佣ǽеȫ˳ѽͬʱҲ̾Դߣ治ѽ
ţˣһǵǿ߹ǾԵֵסߣұĵطȥ
ƴţ˫ȭͷǵͬʱӶ¥ȥ
һ֮ڣǣȻҲ֪ðëȻڿ·٣ҽᣬҵҲҵ߰˰ˣÿǵĳ൱ķŭһҪëץ˫ȭĸýģܷŰ벽


2293 ˷ˣ
ǣǶ½⿭岢ЩϵĴ壬ڼǰģǸʱ´ң½ϣҲͳ˻壬һأһǿߣڶ½һȽƫƧ֮ؽ˿ǡ
ŷǿ߽½ȶҲ̫ģж붫½λñȽƫԶö֮½Щ壬ɣҲͽˡ
ЩķչĿԽԽ˿ҲԽԽ࣬Ϊ˲ö½ǺʥŮķͬ˿ǵĴڣκ˶ȥǸע⡣
ڣｨüˣ䷢չҲĿõģҲʱļۺ죬½Ų򣬰֮£½Щɣ治
Ѿôȥˣల£Щɶ鷳ȴû뵽Ȼ飬һѾСˡ
ʮĵ汻ҵңյգҲѾϰ٣ȫͨˣΪ΢ˣϢһ壬ÿļҲǿǵĳͻһҪСʱ֮ڣɱ˷Żļһɱ
ôҲ벻ƴţ佣ɱˣ˻֮󲻵СʱѾ뿪˿ǣһ·½λöȥ
壬մŭǰһӸĳ˷飬һȺƨҲҷţǶ֪λ˵Ƣǻ𱬵ĺѽԼ˵ʲôǺǿ֪ġ
һȺëץô꣬ѵȫǳԸɷ𣿡
ޱȵķŭǰ꣬ͽǰЩûõļһͳͳˡ
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ž
صĶ⣬˵һ˵֮˵ϡ
Ϣŭ쵰Ϲǰɣô£ȴ˵ӰӶûҵȻҽϢŭ
˺ԩѽԼֻ˵˵ԼĿѣû뵽λͲԼҪ˵
£µܣ̫ƻˡǼǴһһطǸǵĵϸȴԵ޹ʵɱ˷Ż飬ܹԭİɡ
ԭ򣿡
Ҳƽѽô궼ûˣȴˣɶԷһģɱˣ˻ֱ֮Ӿʧˣѵоûһè
ëɱˣȫЩͨˣΪ΢ˡŻĵطǷضΣȴȺٵʱ򡣿Կ϶һǣ˶ˣǵĴսӲǵǿߣԴСΪҲʮֵ΢ġ
⻰ÿ룬Ϊ΢ȴܵԼɱ˷Ż˵ʲôѵǻĲͷ
˼˵£˹ǿǣǿ壿
ûûԵ޹ʵĳޣҲûԵ޹ʵĹڡСȻƾ΢Ϊǿ£һָʹģָʹǵˣǿŴĹڣ𡣡
Ѿ뵽һˣ˵һ塣
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ڼǣڼ壬ǿ壬ڰǰͬʱʼչභ˺üǺʥŮҪ϶½ȶҵڶڴҲһѾһһˡ񣬷ʧ٣ڻ䲻ڼǱһ˵ĳޣ˷ʧٵʱ䣬ǿ𣬾㵽ʱ˻Ѿ˶֣Ҳܶڼô
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Ѿɱģڼ壬ҿǰɣҿǳصġ
ˡ
ǣˡ
ӵҪڼ֪ͷ϶ӾҪʮĴۡ
ǣҵڼǣҪڼ˵
˵ѽҪڼǡɱȥȮ
ƴţ佣벻Լڿôһ֣Ȼͷǣ˶½һڼǡ
ƴţ佣ɲɵģ˾ȻѾͨڼǵ·ˡ
ˬѽ̫ˬѽ磬ʹһѣ֪£һΪǸеġ
ȱ˵̫磬Ŀǰǻ֪û뿪ǵΧһǵ׷ǻֵס
ǻϻʲôϽģԽ뿪ԽãȥһУٺú÷ѻ𡣡
ݡ
ʱ򣬻ƴţ˵һΧҲһЩó·
׷˰ɣ
һ˶ѣ׷ǵġ㿴·ǹٵ׷ǵģȻһˡ
ʮ𼱣ʮ𼱡̴ڼǵ򣬱ڼˡ


2294 ѣ
̶֮ڣǸڼǾǱһϢٶȴʥŮʥŮʥŮ֪ŭڼֹͣͻȥΪʲôᷢ˴ĳͻ
Ϊлƴţ佣ĴеңʥŮʥŮû𵽶ãǸڼǵĶӵļңѾݵĵزˡ
Ļ쵰СӣȻʥŮȫڼǡڼǱҲѾƷˣȻ㾡ȫǵıҪһսһǱضеɧġҶ½Ƕ֮ݷκڲ򣬾ʥŮҲ޼ˡ
ʥŮһǿվڼǸмһɽ֮ϣǵڲͣһȥһսۿҪʼˣǿȴһ취ûУܲܽĳһɱѽĻµʱģͲУ֮սˣ
׳ϣѾ鵽ڼǿսˡ
ʥŮһɽ㱨״ˣǶ½ɽ׼ҵĳԱ׼ңǶ½һ壬˵Ƕ½֮ǿļ֮һʱ½ѧԺȥǳǣо׼ҵˣǸ˽
׶ʥŮ̫ϳ֮һԭɽ׼ҵ棬ǧǰʥŮ˵׼ҵҫͬʱҲΪ׼ҵıӣ
½½ͬ½Щ壬ɳԱǲȵģѩŮһ⣬֪ѩŮݵҲࡣɶ½ʥŮȴɶ½ɵ룬ȹ̶½֮ͬʱҲö½ĸɳϷʥŮ֮£ΪһʥŮǾǶǸԵǵЩڣȫʥŮһһ̫ϳϣɥǳ̫ϳϵλҪ߳һ
ڷʧ֮ʥŮȺףԭӦСʥŮ̳ʥŮ֮λģСʥŮʥŮΪᣬûʲô֧ŵ֮һλǿߵεʥŮ
ʥŮɳ׶̫ϳϣΪ֪Ǹڼ֮鲢򵥣Ȼ˫֮䱾Ĺϵô궼ల£ôܻʱͻȻ֮ɿԣʥŮŻɳ׶׼콫µԴͷҳƽϢڼǵⳡս
˿̣׶һѾҵˣҲ˵ʲôҪȥס
ƴţ佣˿ڿڼ֮һƬɭУΪ֮ĽսΧѾû˴ˣƴţ佣ԺܰĵĴ
ֹͣҾͷֱľӪУɱˣΪǶԷɵģ֮ͣˡ
佣ɱ⣬û취˵Ƕ½ԼĵأɲģԼҵġ
ƴţ˵Ҳֱ̫˵ɡЩһֲɵӣһµڱ߹ġ
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ƴţһĴָ˵ǰΪֻɱˣû뵽ȻĻ
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Сˣڴƣʵɶ񡣡
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ϻʱܣŵץԼɱԼѽ
ƴţ佣ɭеĴ֮ϣٵǰš
ǡ
ôȥȴͣԭ㣡
ǽ硣鷳ˡ
ɭ֣˲˽磬ƴţѾܺˣ֪ͲӦɭУڿɺãܲˣ
׶ɭֵϿգʥŮ˾ʮÿһڻƴţ佣֮ϡ
׳ϣȥСӸ˰ɡ
УһҪģϷҪȥƽϢǸڼǵľս
Ǿȥץסǡ
С˿ǸڼǵĴսԼȴɭУǸڼȴɵƵıˣһ㿴СǼ򵥵һֶεġȻ˵СҪҪأͲ԰쵽ˡֱȥץǣ»ǵӰӶҲ˵ǸյϢʧˣ֪С֪УܲˣΨһķء
׶˿Ƭɭ֣˵Ƭɭ̫Ҷ½Ϊϵԭʼɭ֮һһԭʼɭ֣һСɭֵ˵Ϸ򣬿¾ĳǿߣδҵĵǡ
׶ߵ˶ʱһ磿ʲô磿Щ˵ǵ˵Ļ֪ѽ
ɼȻ׶֪磬ǻµɽ׼ңҲһʮֹϵļ壡׼棬ûƬɭץסƴţˣ͸˵ˡ
ڣϷǰ˽磬Բ֮ڣϷĿƷΧ


2295 񽣣˫Ŀѷϣ
佣Ѿû½Ӷ㵽طںˣΧȫˣǿν·µţֻǵˣ
ƴţߣ֪ͲӦ佣ģ㵽Ƭɭ
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񣬷Բ֮ڣڽ֮£Ҫ뿪佣˵Ͳܣ
˵ЩûõģҪ취У
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˵Щѵһ᲻֪𣡿ɲôҪܵжôǿҲҪ뾡һа취硣

ͻأһϵĴЦ佣ƴţȻһ
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СëҶ½£֮ĴսϷҪ֮ء
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ʲôЦⶫ½ʥŮ̫ϳϸ̫ȣûȡ
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ԷѾȫǵ֪Χ˵򽣹ڣڽڣҲûõġ
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СӣĽ㲻ֽϷƨ㡣
˶٣׶Цһ˵СˣϷѾδùˣСӼʶһ£ʲôĽ
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佣˫ۣѪû˫Ѫһ˫ԭɫӣ˿ѾȫѪɫȫǱѪȾˣ˵׶ղŵһģ佣˫ۡ
ûвҽУһҲûɻƴţȴ֪佣ڵʹ࣬Ǳǿѹסģ佣˵صˣҲԲгһɲУû¡
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ӽ쵹Ҫʶһ£˭Ϲۡ
ţȻɱǣǾҪ̡ϹҲûʲôֻҪסѵպûбĻ𡣡

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ѽɽڣûղɡ
ǱˣԼ۾һϹˣ᲻Ҫȥƴ佣֪ͬǰˣԲڵԼܴĹģҪӲƴҪˡ
̣ǱҪ̣һʱ֮һʱ֮ŭ˫۾Ҳû״
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׶˽ƴţ£˭֪һ޴Ŀ紵ʱ֮䣬ͽ׶ĽƳˡ
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׶ҲǴһǿ֮䣬ƳԼĽ磬Ǻεȵ
СӣѪж͸ˡЩһζ֪ƴģͳͳͷԣ
һۣͷҷ߳׶佣˵м䣬ƾճֵģڳ֮ǰ֮⣬һԤ׶ûУ


2296 Ϲ
Ĵ½˫۾ͱˣ˵ǻƴţŭʵ佣ķŭֺγûУϾԼ۾ռһѧȴԼñȷһ㣬һ˫۾Իȡǿ佣Ȼںڵǣ˫۱ˣǻ˿Ҫܣ֮󣬾·һ
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佣£ˣҲֵ̫˰ɣѵԼôԼҳӷģӷģԣڣԼҲֵȥ
ν޾֮·׶Ҳ벻ԼҪ佣˴ʱͻȻʷˣ
ǿϯ֮䣬ͽ׶ĽƳˣͬʱһ۵ߣգ֮䣬ͳ׶佣˵м䡣
׶֪ʲôˣȴԸо˵ԶԶԼ֮ϣ̼ƳԼµĽġǣ½Уʲô˻ӵǿԼʮ꣬ϰˣδ˵ѽ
ʱ˿̣׶ȻһΪںߵǰ΢΢ţ΢С⣬ɺԣɲͨ
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С档
׶˶סˣС棬С棡ɣǰߣѵǴ˵еĴǿߣ½Уʲôʱ˴ǿߣԼɴδ˵ѽ
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׶ʱ򲻸Ҫȸһ£Ϊʲô
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׶ʥŮļ£ʱ˫ķǳǼûֱѪˣ
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ǰĩҪЦ˭֪ĳˣ򣬾ǵ۷ĳǿߣҲֻܻꡣȻǰǰΪԲǷԪġ
С֮⣬Ϸں˵ˣ
ʱ֮䣬ǿɱݺᣬ׶Ķһȫʪˡ
˼ֻֻ
׶˵꣬ʵϷ㣬Ϲôˣ
Ϲ壿
׶һ㶣һͷˮѽϹ壬ԼҲûѽ
ǰˡȷûŹϹ塣ң½УҲͲϹ塣
ʲôûϹ壿쵰Ȼ᲻֪Ϲ壡
ߺߣȴ侲תͷһۻƴţ佣Ҳûȥǣתͷ׶ʵȻ֪Ϲ壬Ϲܸ֪ɣ
Ϲţ
׶ڿٵתţϹţԼһʱ֮䣬벻
ã׶һ·ģҪˣŵǰ˵ģ½ͳߣϹŴˣ
½εͳߣǲǲ֮ǰλλȷǽϹţӷĻһʱʱĹʱڵڣ֣Ϲš
½һ˵ǰЩͳߵţ᲻һģɺȴһ㶼Ƶģ˵ûϷ˵
ǰ˵Цˡ½˶֪ϹǰڴԼǰѾ뿪ˡ
ʲô뿪ˣǰ˼˵ϹѾˣ
ûǰŵĻȥˣϹǰ뿪ĴԼ꣬½еĵڰλͳߣΪ𡣿һǰҲʧˣ½ûͳߡ
׶ɲὫھͳ߳ǳǵ˵ʲô֪ҲûҪ˵Щˡ


2297 ǿߣ
ƴţ佣Ķ߸׶˵Щʲôѽ磬ȫ˽⣬׶ģֲݻƴţװͿ
꣬ǰ߾Ȼ꣬ڻƴţ˵ȫ󲻵һ£絽ױ̬һôĳ̶ȣô˿Ի֮õġ
ʵ˵ǻƴţˣ׶Ҳò˼顣֪ĳǿߣ۷壬Ҳֻܻģ꣬ȫͷһߵôġ
˿̺ûٶ˵ʲô˫ǲɣͬڻ£ҿı飬Щ¸Ŀŷġ
ˣˣû뵽ѽ󣬻ǰˣ
ˣˣⶼʲôʲôѽ
ʱɢǿҵɱɱݺᣬʹǰȻֶһ⣬ȴһɽţգ֮ʧ׶ȴ˸ղһŵ⡣
⣬ǡС棡ϹȻǵɾ磡
û˵ƴţûǰǵ⣬׶ȴǿʮ
ɾѽֱǳ̬ĴڣѹǿˣҪ֪Ǵ磬½˵֪˲࣬ЩǴ˵еĴ˵е񻰣û뵽ԭʼɭУȻһɾĳǿߡ
ɲ׶Ӧͻأߵǰٴ˵ĵ⡣
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׶Ҫˣ
ɣѽѾܴ˵ˣɾѾˡڣȻ֡
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׶ѾסˣȫȫĴסˣ磬ĸС棬ҺǸ߽׵⣬⡭
׶ĳ嶯ˣԼղ̫СˣȻһλһλѽݺռľ޴ѽͬһ֮أһĴѽ
Ϣɱ׶ȥ֪һڴˣԼǰƴţ佣ץߣǼϵĲͷˡ
Ȼ׶ܿ϶ȻƴţˣǰץˣҲ̫˰ɡ
쵰쵰ȻˣȻְˣѾǵߴˣ
ûĶ˵ЩʲôʲôְˣʲôߴˣЩûĶҲֻǺߵһսɣǡȴˣֻ˵λˣ
ѾɾȻǰˣΪʲô⵽Ϊʲôˣ磬Ϊʲôڣ
߼ҪһЩĪĻ׶˿Ŀ
ϹţϹšҵĺ֣꣬˳֮ΪģϹ壬磬ӭսħ㣬ȴǰͳһˣװˣˣΪʲô绹ڣΪʲô绹ڣΪʲôû⵽Ϊʲô
ӺȻ쳤Хۣħϯ硣ΪʲôһħϢоأħأʲôطأʲôط
ȻңԶʣɵĻһɫҲʱޱ䣬ʲôˣǻʲôˣȻֵܵסųǾԲͳߣȴ֮ǻʲôˣ
ҪֱӹȥĿǰΪȴ޷ңԶеƬƣһųңԶеĸ߿г֣ƬųУȴһˣųȫסˣ֮Ҳ˵һĳǿߣ޵е
߼Լ۾ΪȻһۿڴų֮ˣΪԶԶԼλϹ֮ϣǡ۷壡

ʱת濴˻ƴţ佣˫ۣһ飬Ҳһ˵ϣһϢҲ˵Сӣλ۷徳Ӵ˵ǵʲôˣ
ƴţ佣ȫð亹ߣʵ̫ǿ
˵ǰɣǾϷ߰ɡ

֮䣬˻ƴţ佣ǰһһֱӽƴţ佣û׶Ӧˣֱʧ׶ǰ
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ۿҪץסСˣû뵽·ɱһСˣԼôȥѽѵ˵µСһߣ⻰˭ѽ
׶һ취ҲûУ׷ɱΣѵｫ˸ɣ
׳ϣڸô죿
ʥŮʵ
ô죿ǿ׷ǣղλһ׷ˣҲȥġ

ʮ¶еͿʲôѽʲô


2298 ֱĿʼ
½򣬲пڡ
ӷĸһȺõĲͬһĻʮˣÿһǴ½ģҲȫһЩ̷
Щ˸ӷһյ½ͱץôҲûãΪȶ½һ⺣֮󣬲ʲôˣһ˱½ͳͳɱΪԿ޵׼֮⣬Ҳֹ˶½ļϸ뱱½
Ȼв½ǱߣվһսǳֻҪ٣ڱȿʱвǳǵǲģӷҪҲֱӷɹȣܻɺҲ˵Ѿ϶в½˱Լⷽץץ޵£ӦǶ½ǵˡ
ԩѽֻĶѣΪʲôҪɱǡ
ǣǱ½Ҳ̫ûˣϷǣǿ½ˣѵǱ½½սɡ
ҿǳǵˣɱңǳǲŹǵġ
һĺͣЩǷŭǰֱӾ͸Щ󺰴е˼⡣
һĻ쵰ͷ˾Ȼҽ½ǰɣǱսǰɣѽѵǱ½½ɡһȻ˵Լвˣ½˭֪вǳǻסѾǱ½ˣǳǵˣʱһܹģһлҪ˴֮Ż˫㵱ǸͷѵС¶벻
žžĶͣ𣬳ӷ˺ƣЩһûӣʲôãͷֻǵһն׵ġ
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ֵܣָôˣ
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ӷ绰䣬һͷĲ˵ʹĸһ￪ʼģɵΪûر˲ˣļһ޵ޣ

ʨһΪԼѿҪɱԼѽѿֲҵĴЩ쵰˺ã򶨽СɱȮ
ʨģɲᣬУô󵶣ֱţħʨ⻰֮䣬Ѿ
ֵܣٵˣɱɡ
صģʱ֣ǿ»Σգԣ
ģһԻԴסǵģЩͨı˲Ƿֺ
ʱһİɫӳӷɢ岢սһԴеĻ֮ڼ̫Զ֮£κα޷⻤֮ƽġ
ţħʨоӷĻ֮ҲͰˣԳӷ紿Ļ֮ЩˣɱԼ
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ͻأѴ󵶲ûнʨţħͷڻδţħ˵Ĳʱһǿķ˳ȥѴ󵶵һȫˡ
ΧˣʱɵۣҲ̫˰ɣû£˵ļһȫֱӱɣڵϣѪѽ
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ʱ֮䣬ûͨ⣬ͷĲ²ԣԼҪùˡ
ңϱҡ
ͷĲɫһķ࣬ţħʨѾվ˵ƲûжǰأϳӷĻ֮ʹǵƻ΢еתʱҪɱˣ˵ЩȫɱҲʲô¡
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ס֡
ӷ粻֦½ȥȵģʱɱ˱½ˣǵʱ˾ͻˣǱҲȻΪ¶ݵģ޵Ա½вһǹǽ½Ƿв½ˣҲҪʨɱָ£
ȻҲһԣǾǲԼڱ½ɱˣȻǻԼ˵ģǸʱҲԼһץסһʲôᣬ˵½ѣĵˡ
˵ӷ粻ɱˣȴѾֹˣʨֱӶͷĵ䣬һͷ
󲶿챻ɱˣ֪شˣЩͳͳɱ
ʱ֮䣬˾ʨţħǿޣƾԼ־ԲǺһϢֱӳļдȥ˵޵Ѿˣ


2299 ȴǿߣ
˴ӣҡӺ˵ͬʱӷѾȫָ˹ȫӽ֮ʮ
ӷǲڱ½ɱģΪǺԻᵼ±в˳ǳڵ⣬˵ԭͽ֮䣬ڻûõ֮ǰöԷѵ˼ֵ̫ˡ
ʨѾ֣ɱˣӷû취ȥŤתµľƣǾֻȰʨ޸ˡ
ǿ⣬ӳӷͷó֣һ磬ڲ֮߱󣬵ǿˣȻҲǿ౶
Բ֮á޸
һɢʨ˵ϡ
֮䣬ʨţħƾȫתΪ̫أϵþòɢȴҲ֮ڣϡ
ֱ似ѽ˻ˣˣ񷶦Ȼǲ񷶦֮һţħﶼģԼܵõ񷶦ĻǾͽٴ֮Ի͡
һҪ취СӵĲ񷶦Ū֣ʱͲҪСάˡ
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⣬ˣڲ񷶦ڣɻǿߴڣѾǰˣǵľϵѾѹӷˣӷȴûȡǵѣǾԼǳӷ籾Ҳ㹻ֶΣ㣬ڰʮ·ϣţħѾˡ
Сӣѽ񷶦ȷǸܱκСĽɫѽ
ţħ뷨һ£ڳӷԣţħԼֲûӴһԵӣľأӷ粻һӦĺܺ
˵ֶΣ˵Ļ˵Ϸţħľǻ쵰ԣӷͲҪκεĵģʱ⣬ʵڲˣɱ˱ǡ
Ŀ磬˷ʱ֮䣬ⱱ½ССɽһǣȻǷƼʻᡣ
öϢӿ˵Ҳǧѽ
ƻָ֮󣬾˳ӷߣʨҲɱʮ󷵻أţħȴûôֻС˼С̡
ӣ½ˣеôѽ
ˣ
ʵ֪ӷ½Ҫ˵ģΪΪǵ׷ɱʶ½ܵģǻвĻὫȥ
һӷȻҪ½ˣʨеͷʹˣ
ֵܣҪΪʲô˵ҲͲᶯɱˡ
˵˵һ㲻ɱǣҲȻŹǵġҲ𵽲ͬðɡⱱ½Ϊŵʱ򣬾ͬһ˵񾭰㣬ǿУͻʶĽ޵ں˵ȵĹѾ޵ӻˣʱµģ޵ĽҲʹ½ʱӭս׼Ǹɲɵģʱ½½ȻҲŹǡֻϧѽΪصˣȴԼŭˡ
ӷ˫һ׹⣬ʶӷ粻ã֮һղĸ
ӷ¶׹⣬֪ԼλСֵܣҪɱˡ
û뵽޵֮졣죬ܽسǣҪһ޵硣
ֻʮͷģһӣûκεĲңȴɢһɹŹֵϢȻǷһġ
ܽسĿѽҪս޵ܽٳûǸʸɡ
ʮͷģҲһӡ
ѩǣѩû뵽λѩǵٳҲ֮졣
ܽأұҺΣѵ㻹ͷɡ
ҸңҲѩǸܽسǵ壬УǱ½߾ҲС
û뵽ЩһĿ湻ģ߸մϢô͸ϵˣ
ԳӷǲǴӸԵĳģӦ򸽽ӵߴϢ󣬾͵һʱ˹Ͼ½ǽʱͬˣǴСɼ壬ʱҪս׼׼
ٳȥѾʮˣɢûһ磬ȴ٣ϣӦøǵıû̫ĳ롣
ϣӷͲȻҪɱǾʹʹɱһɣ
µʵ̫٣ӷģԳӷҲ͵˶ٶҲ١
ܿ죬пڵĽֵϣϣվˣÿһ˵ŲͬĲҡ
ͬʱУڼǿϢһɢϢӣǿ߻ûӦڵȣٳ֡
ֵܣǼԸȥ
ȲڻֻСˣǼҲֻһ磬ɱ
ǻʲô
Щһ֮죬֮࣬Ź˶ãߵϢͻᴫȵġڵȱȵˣҵ뿴ȶʲôĽɫֻǸϴһҸ½ˣҲһ嶼ûˣʵֻ̫Ҹ֧Ԯ޷֧Ԯ


2300 ת
֮ڣĵƻûһתҪҩҲûҵʹıһʮεѪĲ԰ףѾû˾ǿߵǵͷ
ڸոգȵļ̫ϳϽңǱǲűĵģɽ챱½˴£Щ̫ϳϲţ֮£ֻĻ㱨һ
ӣıҪܶࡣ洫Ϣ߾һĵطѾ˵˵ϮѩǸܽسǵʮɵѾ˹ȥɾߴϢֻĸȴǿޱȣ˸͵ֵס
Ļ˫ۣԵĺӣڵҲȫˣһûУһˣܽء
ڣ½Ȳ񶫲½ʥŮǰ㣬ڲȵ˶ԱأǱֻʣһҲƴȫȥġ
˿̵ıˣһߣǿ֧ţԼһܶһʱ䣬ֻҪԼһ첻Ǳ½ͲҾ֣һԼˣ½žͻֲָͬġܹȶ½ľƣȶһЩǱڵ⣬ʱᱬġϾ½񵥵һȣ֮䣬֮䣬ŴССĳԹܶ໹Щ֮һνһʰѽ
ı½սһСսҲܵһģɱԱĲһˣϢһȥ½һλ䣬ٺǿнͬʱ½ƻֱӿһ룡
ڱӻ֮󣬾Ѿ뵽޵ǱʱᶯֵģҲ֪ЩһʵԶԶԼ½֮ϵģ˼ֻҪһĳǿߣԶԿ½ˣ˵뺣Ľսģ˶࣬ΪҲΪˣ½Ҫв½ˣΪʱӷһʮŸ̫ϳϣֻ֤гӷһˣ޵ԿʵҲȷˡ
Ҫģ𲻵κõġ
ڸô죿ǵɱȥǡ
ʱȥǾ͵ǽǱ½Ĵȥġ˼ֻĸˣǱߵȴֵס֪ˣǵ֮ڵ壬޷棬ӣֻ鷳Ǽλˡ
Ϊ׵̫ϳ˵ֻҪҵȻһڣһֹס޵ġ
ֹһҪģֹǵ˾ͽ޾⣬֪ͨպϵһвӷ磬ʱҲֻгӷ磬ܰˡ
պ⼸춼ϵǳǣɾǳǱߴϢλѾв½ˡ
ʲôв
ĵɫʱķǳѿҲ֪ʲô˺һ˵ѩŮ
ѩŮʱʲôӦ̸ȥŶѽ
⼸λ̫ϳ϶Ҷʣ̴ѩŮǰ
һӵʱ䣬ѩŮңرȵŮˣ֪ݵĳ˱֮⣬ֻΪ׵̫ϳϣҲѩŮʦţ
ų˵ѩŮڵӦ֪ԲҪ˵̫ϻ˵ʲôհ죬ʲôֱӻش𡣡
ǣʦ
ĿһѩŮ˵ͷ˵ȷûʧЩ꣬ҲŬӣǸ֮š
ˣѩŮ֮н죬˹ĴʦĽ̵
ţǺõģҲҪ̫ǫˡЩ˶ˣıȣҪһ֧
仰ԣΪպѡ̳֮ˣźǳԾ˵£л֮
ѩŮҲǸˣȻ˱Ļе˼
˫ȶ˵лѩŮһŬԼʵġ
ʵڵʵ˵ԼŬǲˣҪлСΪҪġڣҾһ硣
䣬ҲѩŮ˵ѩһӣ⣬ֱӽѩŮڡ
ѩŮɫһֱӽԼڣԼʵѩŮҲ֪Թڵ˵һԼǶͻ˺ġ
Ҳܽܣڵġ
Ҫ˵磬ֻһ㽱ɡ
ĽţǽʲôҪκΣ
š
ڡ
תƴ󷨣ҵ꣬ѩŮ꽻
ʲô
꣡
Ÿ⼸̫ϳ϶һ˵򲻿ɡڵƣתĻǻϼ˵ġ
ڹܲôˣ̰˵İ죬һΣܾұ½ĹͷұҪ
Ǽ̫ϳ໥һۣ֪λЩʲô
ɼȻ˼Ҳܲհ졣
ѩŮ˵˼ѽ
ö˵̰졣
ǣ
ѩŮȴңرȡ£Ǽ֪аϢȥ˭Щ̫ϳϣɱ⡣


2301 ˣ
ת󷨣һּΪرԴܽ꽻꽻ͬʱСҲͬʱԴǷǳյģһʲô⣬ǾԶȥˣͬʱСҲƻ㣬õֱͬʱ
ҲܱΪʲôҪðյķǼ̫ϳ֪һУȫΪ˱½
ͬʱڱܽسǸѩǵǸԵ֮£ǵһϵ֮ʮСС壬Ҳȫ˹
޵Ľǹϵ½Ĵ⣬ʱ򣬾Լڲ໥֮ʲôڣҲܻ˴£Ϊһ޵Ĵ뱱½ĻǾ鷳ˣ
ܽأ˵𣬵ȴŹͬĵˡ޵ҲǰδӴģһսʲôĽ˭Ҳ֪
ѩΪһˣȴȡһŮ˵֣ʵܽسǵٳܽرͿ˳ۣĹϵƽ涼Ҫһɽ죬ܽػǺѩﶼǳʲôʲôʲôʱȥʲô飬ѾǳˣҲŸԵļңȻִ磡
ѩٸҷϻΪȵˡ
Ƚĸһﴦ֮ӷ㡣
һﶼǶԷѽһӣһӵģȫǽӷ˵˿

ӷʵǿȥˣǰ˽ԼɿԼԻ÷ǳ͵ֶΣǸڽ£ɽ죬ԼѾǴĳǿˣԼһ֮޷ֵǰ˸ǿߣǰЩСϣѵӷ绹ﲻɡ
ʱҵǾǵĲˣԼҸŭģǾҪ١
ЦУǿԲǰκһܳܵסģվڳӷĶˣˣȫӷЦĶᣬܶˣҲѾ˵ϣѪ
пΧķݣΪЦĹϵҡҡ׹ϣһѺۣļ̼䱻֮Уһƾۼ
Ǵ̸ЦʹķƱɫ
ܽسǸѩǵٳô֣һأöԷȥͷȻԼһͷȹ͡
λٳ벻Լ˻ûļӦӻûļ󺰡֮ĿԣȴһЦ˵һЦļѪ
ǺεȵǺεȵǿѵǺʵ
Цˣͣͣ
Ҳ֪ʲô˵һҽгʵܲˣԼֻм弶ѣЦеֺֹǰٸһѽôܳܵġ
ӷͲЩ˵Ȼȶ֣Ǿݹڱ½ɱˣˣһ·ɱϱȣñЩһʶʶ˭ʸվ۷λ˵ҪԼˣҲҪԼɫ£ǧҪ֪ߵغ³ֻ·һ
еļǿ⣬ҲΪӷЦֱӴеǱװװƣȹؼʱ³ӷ˵ģû뵽ԼûͱԷЦˡ
ײֻͷڵϣǾ׹ʯ㣬ǿЦ׹ǵײͷȫˣ
İ֮⣬һԼٶȳȥŶƣ֪ЩһҪǿ౶ͷģȻһʮҵŮһɫ˿£ĺ
ȫٶȵ޵ѾǱҪ̸Ϲȥ֧Ԯ򡣡
ǣС㡣


ʱһǿЦŲϯͷŮһֹͣ˷Уͣ
С㣬Сġ

ֻһͷ׷ӣգ֮ͳŮǰ˫һţһǿ⣬ǿЦֵסˣȴһѪ˳
ãǿ
ˣϽ䣡ӣ޵ˣѾˣ
˶٣Ůԥ˵Цôô죿
С㣬ܴˣЦͣĲ֮ǿǰδȥɡ
ʱŮתͷһһѩɫĹңԶʣԼ߷ɹ
ǱڵλãѵǱȵǿҲϹˡ
ܿ죬ѾŮߣŮһһϲȴû˷ܵĺֻǿٵĿǰȥ˸
ùãû뵽
ѩŮ˵ֻѩŮˡ
ǰŮѩŮû˵ΪͲŮ
ɼȻŮԼΪùã֪ŮҵˣңܳѩŮΪùõģңҲһѡ
᣿
ѩŮʣĴкûʲôң֪ѩŮݵģֻĸ׶ѣ˶֪ҲΪʲôûЩ˵ѩŮϡ
ùãȷ棬ֻһ˰ɣأ
ȱô࣬ϸϵ򡣡
ѩŮȻǻģȵĹذѾͷȻ֪ѩŮݣҲ˵ѩŮˡ
ǣǰ壬ѩŮڵģȴǰԵͷ
û뵽ңֳһǱѾͷӣԼ½ǽɽ˲ųѽ
ǹùãԷ̫ǿаأɶԷЦѾ˼һǿߡǾֻȥŶԷĲὫǵ˵ġ
ѩŮ˵ͷֵĺĮ˵ȥ
ǣùáˣȥ½ǰ򡣡
ǣС㡣


2302 ʹߣ
ʱǿЦѾֹͣɾվ⣬ѾԿѾһƬ棬ȫ˵ϣûһվģһˣȫѾѪС汻ֱˣ
һĻ˵ҵˣѩŮıģеޱȵ𺳣޵ʱ򣬶û˵ĳ棬ȳ棬Ҫôǿѽ
ӣû´ģԲ޵ˣ
ûȥΪ֪Ȼ޵ˣҲܻǶ½ˣûκǿڣôΨһĿܾǡ
ʱֻܿűģҲûлɹԼùõݣ
˵ԼǱ½һ壬ȴҲڱȵ쵼֮£ԼĹùǱȵˣڣȻλùõĺˡ
ùãӣ޵սѾװˡҪҪϽҵȫ
˵٣͵١ѵ뽫ҵˣȫй𣿡
ʲôҵˣô˱ȣѩŮ϶ҵѪѽ⻰е㲻ˣԼȻٸλùü棬黹ǷǳõģԼλùõ˽⣬ǲܽԼݸǵģΪʲô˵ĻءΨһĽ˵λùãκε鷳һҵЩĻǲҪ޵ҾҪȵù
ǸǳŮˣ˵ǴȲ˾ĵǰᾫܵĲ֣ҲǰƸ󷨣ŪӦòɸ֮¡
˿̣֪ڿɲǽʱǰλҲԼĹùãֻǱȵ˰ˡ
ѩŮǰһѩŮǰ֮µġ
仰ĺ⣬΢ĲҲѾʧˣѾͷǸֵĽɫʣѩŮ֮¡
µͲݱĶģѾˣֲǣԷûжֻ֣һЦͽˣ˵˵ʵĻ벻ԷΪĻǾͲȵĹҲûʸΪ½ľǿ֮һ
ǿߣû뵽һλǿߡ
ȻѾ뵽ҲԽܡҪ֪½ԭǲκһǿߵģ֪ȾҲǳ٣½ǿ֮⣬Ǽ̫ϳϣˣͲ֪
в½ǳǣȻһλǿߣǴЦҲԲ޵֮¡
ѵǴ㣬ǵ
Լת󷨣ѩŮ˹޷ճˣǳǵλ˳ƳүƢôģ֪
Ѿͷ˵ǳǵʱ򣬸ǸӷദĻ
費ףùΪʲôʣǻش˵ֻʱĹʱһȴķޡлûģֻϧϴΡ
˵⣬費˵ȥϴβѩŮֹԼȥԮӷĻѾصԼˡ
ȻӷĹϵҲʲô£ȴҵ˽ȥɡ
ǽȥһ¡ѩŮǰһ££ӷʲôϵ
һºͿˣڲҪԸ޵Ϊʲôѳӷǣ
޵ˣûǿղŷЦˣǱˣǳʶģǱ½˵ĳӷ硣
ʲô
ʱеΣ˵ԭѹҸЦʱ;úϤԭ쵰֪˫ҪˣΪʲôɱôˣ
⣬Ҫܸ֮ѾͷסǸӷƢΪŹ֣ҲǰʲôϵΣ½ȡ
½ȣһ£סˣûӦҲû׹ʲô˼
Ҳ֪Ǳ½Ҫв½ˣˣڿʼԣھʹȣȥӷ̸˵顣
Լȥӷ̸˵飿
ʲôЦֻҵļ̳˰ˣʲôʸȸ½ѽԼȥҳӷ̸ˣԼλùãЩʲôѽ
跴һ룬ȻԼĹù˵ˣһǵõ˱Ǳߵͬ⣬ҲΪԼպǰ;㣬Լܸӷ˵̸ףԺ·͵бˡ
ʱ֮˷ʲôлǻһˣǰ;ͽ޿
Ұģʵÿһ˶ٶôһģ˵ʲôûҰ֮ĻǼֱĵķϻ
Ȼͷãȥ̸ѩŮǰһ£ûеߣ
֪˵ĵʲô˫Ȼ˵ĹϵǾͲûģûû棬ûƨѽѵΪһʱȤ
ĿЦһӷյ½ҲΪʲôûֱȥȣطɱ䣬٣Գӷʵ˵Լǰûκεĵ߿԰ɣһ˼һ仰ҲˣˣһҪǱ½ɱȥĻĽͷʹ
ֻҪǲ𺦵Ǳĸʲô;ĴӦɡȻ˵ǾӦǾԵĴӦʱҪԼķӦˡ
䣬óһƣ衣
ǹƣ
ûҲ˵㣬ھ½ߴˣұ½ĵһʹߡѾͷȥɣ½ͽˡ


2303 ϶
߽ʱֻŵһɴ̱ǵѪζΧʬ壬ܶ֫ȫģϵѺ۵Χķȫðһĳңͷ·վһҵս㣬Ҳ̶ãģЩŰˣʹģȴУǵĽпǺڽ򣬺ҪһͣԼʵ̫΢ԼĲ֪ߵغ֮Ǻܺڣ
˱۾ھһ˫ȵֱʱ˵һֻץס˽ţȴǲţͷصĿһˣε߰ɡ
ž
һƣ˵Ķͷϣ
ʹ¶һ˿Цݣ֮ǰ϶࣬л
ûȥҵһĻǷ󺰵ӷ磬쵰ޣָҹɱȴزصģʲôӢۡ

軰䣬;Լıһ⣬ɱǳǿҵɱ
ȻתֻĸˣԼŹ֣һ֪࣬һ赱ʱڲɽģһ۵ˣû뵽ǿ߾ȻҲ
һǳӷ硣
ɱˣءɱ˾ɱˣʱܹòңɱҵİɣǱģ
ӷ⻰ԵĺƣĴڡ
ѽǳǵʱͺݲɱ˳ӷ磬Լķ񣬳ӷƣеη塣ٿĳ棬֪ӷ̬ǰҪǿǿ󣬿ɲǰܹȵġ
ӷ磬ʲô˼ܵǱ½ȻɱôˣѵǱ½սɣ
սĻҵǲһ¡ȻˣҲͲϲʲôӲϲνӢۣӢҵһĲֵ
㡭
ҵġ˵ɣң˵̸˵ǣڿ̸ˣȻܹҹǶǱǱ߽ҪȻǸˡ㲻̸˵ģʶһķϣȥȥȵңһ·ɱϱȣ̸ɡ
仰˵ǲҷˡ
ֱɱϱȣΪ̸˵飬ⶼʲô뷨ѽ̸˵ѣ治֪Լ½ǵ˼Ѫùˣ
ãܺáȻ̸֪֮£Ǿͱġ˵ɣô̸
裬ɱˡҪģǱ½ҪҪˣǿҪһ£Ǳ½ܸʲôôһôûУ˵˾Ҫ˵Ļҳӷ統ʲôˣǱ½õĹ𣿰ǵֵ޵ĽΪˣֿ⣬һ𣿡
ȻǷӷ̸˵ģȻҲ֪óӷռı̫󡣽ʱҲѾ˵һлҪԼӦӦ˵ʵı½ʵûʸӷּۻ۵ģⲢӷ˵ʲôʲôѽԣ豾ѹӷһ£ҪΪһʲôģͿԽԼ½ʧٵˡ
ôҲ벻ӷȻ˵޳ܣһûϣһ˵Ҫһ·ɱϱȣȵǿƣֵܵס
ӷ¿ЦǴϾԼ޷ȣԼڵʱģžۣԼճʱ򣬾Կװǵķչһҹ˾ۣǸˡ
Ҳʹ˰ݣεҪ뾡һа취ɡ
ӷ磬֪ЩɱˣȫǱ½ĹǸɡǶԿ޵ҪȴȫɱˣǱ½ʧν󡣡
ŶЩˣǱ½Ҫǲ˼ݰ֣
˵꣬ӷתҪˣһĪΪ£ӷ϶ٻⲻȥɣǸʱԼзּۻ۵Ļˡû뵽ӷѾĸûģ
ι㣬ʲô˼ߣվסлú˵
˵ʲô˵ʲô˵ġЩˣȻǱ½ҪڸҿʲôЦһоȫɱĽɫҪҸǱ½ˣǸһȺʲôǱ½ҵȥԸ޵ȴһôòһ޵Ǳ½һҪҵ˳ɱǰ棬Լȴں濴Ϸ㵱ҳӷɵѽ
ңҲ˼ҵ˼ǣǡ
輱ˣֱӳ嵽˳ӷǰס˳ӷ·óһƣ˵Ǳȹı
ʲôҲʶһȥ
ӷ˱ֱӾԱһ˵װʲôƣǱȹƣȻõǰ㻹ҵǱ½ÿѽʲô⣡
㣬Ȼҡ
ңʲôҵģǰЩɱ½ʮɱǱ½ЩˣҸǻңҲھȥҡ

ʱһЦЦӷղǰǿ󣬵˵ʵҲȷʵ
˵ƢҪôңҲûôװɡ

һӣǰ
һӣ𾴵壬ôˣ
壿
϶鱱ŷ
鱱ŷĺο࣬ķ׵ߣǰһվͬһɽ㣬ƶ
ţ½϶𱬣УһͷβļӣˣһԲϾʹ̸֣飬һϽǺ£Ҳضɻ£ԣڳ׼ˣһԼĻǲ˵̸ɣԼңӷϵģ


2304 Ҫ
ӷ粻ɵҡͷȵڸʲôԼ˲ȴҵ˸Լ̸УǱ½ĵһ壬ɱǱѽ½쵼㣬һ壬һɾܴĻǾԵı̫ˡ
ӣȵλΪģҵǰͷԼĵס
ɳӷĵףô׾ͱĻҲĴ½ˣڵ򣬻߾ĵʱͱ˸ˡ
Ȼ̽ңҵĵףҲһ£Ե̫˵ȥˡ
㣬ǿͣô棬ҲҪ΢ķһ¡
ӷԼ뷨ҲǶֵʱ򣬵ⲢҲͬ뷨֪ԼλƢģ֪ȷֻԼһ˽ӷ̸Լλ壬Ǹ˹ġ
壬û£ȥɡ
ѾͷʲôΪģԼֶŮ۸ѵ͵ʲôҲûӿɲˡ
鱱ŷű½һҰ֮ƣ£ȭͷģνԣееϡ
Сӣղź˵Ҫǰɣ
鱱ŷŭ𣬶ʱðҪһҪӷѹȥ
ӷû˵ֻ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ҪǰɣǽҾ͸ӣռҳӷӵˣҪ۵ġ
ӻʲôأԭһӲĻ쵰˵ɣʲô֣ӵȭͷ£ɴɱ֮
˰죬ѾĲ̸еѽɱҵѽ
ӷѽӣղǸǰ׸ˡ
΢΢һ֣ӷĶ
׳ӷ˼ڻ治ɱ˵ʱ򣬿Ҳ鱱ŷ̫ѽѵһбҪġ
ĸһϰɣӽ첻Ūǡ
ȺһѣˣҲΪƢԼĸ״Ͳȥκ飬Ϊһ²㣬
壬ɲҪҽҳӷ磬Ҫ̸֮µģǹµ
ӷ磿
鱱ŷһʵСӾǳǵĳӷ磬ųƳ
û

˰죬Ѿ˭֪̲ȥˡ
ӷֱס˶˵ǻһԿɣԼ飬Լ
Ҫɱʵ
鱱ŷЦһ˵Ҫɱ仰ַŭֺЦ
֪ߵغСӡӽ쵹ʶʶһɱʮġ
ӷҲϻֱǰһҪֵļƶûУȴ鱱ŷǰһվ˵壬ҿйı㲻
ղűӷ綪һȥˣ̼˻鱱ŷǰ鱱ŷ
ѾͷıѵԸ岻ɣ
壬ҲǸ˼ֻϵǱ½δӷǳĿǰΨһܺѣǲܸͻ
鱱ŷ˿Χ˵νѣɱǵˣٸˣ
ӷӻˡڿǱˣҿûһǱ˵ȤУλүղѾܸˣӲǸҪĻɱҲ
ҲСӼȻ֪һүǾӦ֪ӵֶζǣҪԸǼСɫǻҪġ
ŶȻˣôֱ˵仰ɡ
أСһ˵
鱱ŷӷһ䡰ҪĲᣬˣʲôʱھǱҲκˡ
һȭ

ǿȭֱӾͳӷ˹
ӷܸоĵ鱳ŷʮǿ󣬶ң֮ǰѾںģʮ磬ʱѦŪҪǿĶࡣ
˵ʮһ硣
үʮһ磬һȭŪ㡣
ʮһ磬޵ٵֻǾ껹ںеˣӣⱱ½ң治һѽ
ʮ磬һȭǻû˯Ѱɡ
ӷ΢΢Աһб鱱ŷȭͷֱӴӳӷ߳ȴӷëҲûǳӷһѸײڶٶȣ鱱ŷ󣬲鱱ŷһƵģ鱱ŷôƶӷվ󣬵鱱ŷӷӰˡ
ӷֶΣɵĴ󾪡Լλڱ½Ȳ˱ȵЩ̫ϳϣҲǸ֮һĴѽû뵽ڳӷǰȻһСӰ㣬ӷˣתҲӷˡ
壬Сġ
һүһһǿɳӷȴ֪ʲôʱѾү棬˫ţֱӾͲү˫֮ϡ
һȥү壬һҪȥˡ
ӷɲǺĵѣڸ鱱ŷԲԼĶ֣ٴȥԿֻӷҲ⣬ֱӽλүĨɱ


2305 ģ
鱱ŷҰ˰뱲ӣⱱ½ļҲͷŽɫʲôʱ˫ŲԼļϣֱԼʲôλүܲŭ
Ļ쵰һҪ
һҪʲô
ӷϴɭЦݣҲ鱱ŷѺݻ˵꣬˫źݺ鱱ŷļһڿն
顭
һ޴ԭѿĵϳȥʹĽĳƵ˺ü
˿ֻ̣鱱ŷվ֮أһ޴Ŀӣλү޿֮ڣˣھ޿֮һ壬˵ֻҪ鱱ŷͻֱӱҲһ㷴ضûС
ӷվ˾޿ӵԱߣһ鱱ŷЦ˵үղҸ㲻Ҫڣ㻹벻Ҫҵˣ
Ĵ½ռ䣬һʲôطһǿΪʵŪߵ͵硣ӷʵ˵֮ͽ鱱ŷ㶨ˣ飬үʲôʱܡѽ
ǻ˰뱲ӵˣ鱱ŷҰˣһ˱ǿ֮ҪսףҪ͡
ˣҳ׷ˣֵܵʵԶԶ֮ϣӽ쿪ʼ鱱ŷҲҸֵܽоˡ
⻰һһ㶵ģԼλʲôʱѽԼĸףҲûΪڼ屲ֵУƵ鱱ŷҲͬĸġ
Ȼִ˵Ǳ½ĵһ壬˼֮⣬ȻкܶǿߴڣλӣһҲүӱֵ˵ΡֻϧүүҲ鱱ŷֵĸףʱΪȥѰһ磬һȥأѾˣҵļʮǰĸ׵ΣصҲΪĸ鱱ʵǿЩܶҵĶͷ壬ɣҶº֣ö֮ңڱ½ȶס˵һͷΡ
趼ԼĶ䣬ԼĶ壬Ȼ˳ӷ磬ԼǲѽҪ֪ڱ½ȳӷʹģϵǰɶ鱱ŷֵ³ԹģҰԸ񣬲ߵʲôطǽһȻһͨҴ£Ҳû˸ȥ
ɽ죬Ȼᡭ
˵鱱ŷˣ趼۷С
Ķʲôʲôѽ
ӷ鱱ŷѾˣһ̤أ鱱ŷֱӴӾ޿ڱ˳ϲûκεˡ
ʵѽ
鱱ŷ񿴹㿴ųӷ磬ʵֵܣѵǻĹﲻɣ
ʲô˼
ʨǰˬ
ûҲû˼ֻǺ棬ΪʲôֵССͣȴʵҪ֪Ǳ½ǱȵĹҲô̵ʱ֮ڣҴܵġ
ʨǲмһ½ʲôû磿
磿
鱱ŷȻһ磬½֪٣鱱ŷȴҶү˵Ȼ֪ġ
ѵֵѾ˴磿
û
ѹ֣ѹˣĹҲûȾѽѹǿҾˣԺ͸ųֵܻˡ
鱱ŷǸҰˣǸ嶯ˣҲûӣûӵˣܵȵز
ӷһԶ࣬ޣһ䳤ţͷҲǰ˰޵ĴڣʲôԼ֮ѽȻųӷ磬֪ųӷ綨Ȼдĺô
鱱ŷ֪ʨӷһһΪӷݣһΪ壬ţħΪӷĲ񷶦ûӷһԼʵⷽ¡
鱱ŷȴ뵽һ棬ӷһɣܸ˭ԼһüͷģһԼҲܵ﴿ĻǾ½еһ˵ˡ
ӷ粻ɵһЦȻĳλүڴʲôע⣬ɳӷȱ˵ʱ鱱ŷ˼ԼߣԱ½ҶүݼģǶԼ½°빦á
ȻүģҲҪƴѽ˵ʵ磬ҲԵˣʶС㣬ʶүȻҪͳġ
䣬ӷ絥һӣһֱ䵽ǰ
һ֧ޣǰ
ޣ
軹û˵鱱ŷ˵޵֡
ĴޣֵܣΪʲô
£С䵽ȻҵġɼȻҸд˵Ե֣ȻҲķ죬Ҿͽԭˡ
趼ûӦӷǵһӣ⣬鱱ŷǰ
ǡһ磡
ûһ磬鱱ŷʮһ磬ӷʮʵ½Ѿ㳬ǿĴˡ
ү͸ļ񡣡
ӷһҲСǳ󷽣鱱ŷȵزҲֻܰǣ鱱ŷǿߣֻһ硣
Ѱô꣬һһҲûҵҲûᵽû뵽죬Ȼ͡
һйܼҵģӷǰܼңҲΪȹ̣Լ
ֵܣô˼
үʵһ磬Ѿˡ
ûʲôһЩСѡ
ƣǴ˵еĴǿߣһǶѣС⣬ٿǱȣʲôʱ˴󷽹ѽ
ǳλֵܣɱȱȴ󷽶ˡ
ڰеıļһĻ˶
ӷ磬ȻһĽɫȻҲġҵͱˣҶѾͷڴӣҲǿסģлᣬһҪҵ
ӷһĵ⣬˵ȻڴҶûʲôˣǿԿʼ̸˵ˡ
ûĴޣ˱ĸ˵Ļڳӷ˵ʲôʲôܲôˡ
ã̸ɣ̸
С㣬Ѿûʸ̸ˡڰеλʱʱ


2306 㲡Ҫ
ѩŮʱ֪ģֻĸ鱱ܣ鱱ŷҲ֪ΪڵĽѩŮȥȺҾʹϢ˵ѩŮڼһķ鱱ŷҲסˣûϣΪ˱ȵˣүһ㶼֪顣
ԣ˿̣ѩŮӰ߽鱱ŷһҲţһͲʶԷӣԿ϶ǣʶԷıҲпŮ˸ģҲ˵ˣǱȵˡ
ɼȻȵѾˣΪʲôԼվأүǲˬǲѵǱԼܲɣԼ̽ӷ粻ɣ
Ҳû뵽ԭӷ֪ԼλùöڰУԣԼҵѾѻֱֳǰģҲ˵ңȫȣԼ˵ĻǱȵ˼
ν˼ҵ˼ҵֶˣӳӷϵõ˺ôķһ磬ǸԼִһʵԼڱ½ȶһǧʱ䣡
ѩŮˣҸղѾ
豾ӷ˵ģҲǻرһ³ӷɣ߱ģԼѾӷ̸ĲˣʲôģʱɳӷԼȥ˵ԼղҲֻǴȶѣӷʵʵ̫̬Լʲô취ѵȻɱԼɡ
ɸͲ˵Ļ˵꣬һ־ֹס裬˵ղŵһҶѾˡ
ˣôˣҵˣܲܽղųӷô߱ȰɣǶԼҿŴĺģһ֪Լҵ˳ӷĺôֻôԼңԼڱ½ĵλҲ֮ҡģܵõ˶ٺôȵһ仰ǾǱ½ϵȨ
裬˵ʵҶ㻹ͦģңҲǳ⡣ɸղŵ飬㣬ңȴҺʧ
Ĵ˻һɫһɫʧʲô˼Ҳҵѽ˱ȣŵҵѪҺô˵ֻأ
鱱ŷȴ˵ʧΣǱȣҲӺʧ˴ȴҵ㣬ʲô˼ֵ֪ܵʵǷҲֵסȴֶŮðգѵǱǵĵƲɣ
ڣӷɲȥ廰Ǳ½һ壬Ǳ½쵼㣬ìܣ໥¼ɵĻǶһ˵Ǵѽ飬ҲԶҡǱ½ĸһҡˣӷĻҲˣʱɾͲǸ½ˣֱ˱½
ҵˣǱȵһλͷĻҪЩСɫĶ࣬ӷҲĳǰŮˣ⣬٣ʣȫͬĴڡ
Ըµ˵ڱȣӦòʲôҪĽɫɸµʣȴǷ½ܱȵġû´Ļµ壬Ӧòڸ°ɣ
ʱ廰ĳӷ磬ΪҸìֻܻһ֮Ĺϵ
ӷ⻰ҲǲɵһСҪʲôղģ˵ĻĿѾˡ
ȻܳΪȵĹǱľͲһˣ˵ıĴڣӷǻл
Ҫֹӷ罫Լ˵̫ܣȻӷ˵ˣǶȻԼﶯʲô˼
ѹв½ĳ죬Ǽʶˡ
óӷƣԼ˵ɳӷ粻ܸᣬΪԼ˵ݣЧȫһˣʱֻҪ˵ʲôкôĻǾǳ嶯鱱ŷҲö˵ʲô
ǣӷڱĵǰ棬˵ȵĹǿ֮һģ
ʲô
鱱ŷһģģ
ôܣǰλԼĹùѽԼҵˡ
ĵɫ䣬٣ȻܾҵĴһ֮ǰҾĻ鷳ˡ
ڱ½Ӫô˵ȻǵĵƣЩƣ¾ȣҲȫյסһҷȣǿһʮص飬رڼ޵ʱ
ղŻֱӱԼţǲˣǳӷԼݣԼҲܳϡ
ӷ磬ǲǸˡģǱȵĹ˵˵뷨ҲѾǱ½ǹǲֱӵģôҲҪϱȥ
һ¡Ǳ½ˣҿһҲ˵ġ
Ȼˣұ½ΪʲôѵΪұ½ɱ䲻ɣ
˵ûϲ³Ƶģʲôʱ鲻ˣͻȻʲôˣͻȥǱ½شΣ˵ԸǣҪȶԸ⼸½Ҫ׵Ķ࣬ҺβᣬǱ½ء
ӷ磬ǳ֮Σѽ
֮Σţϲ֮Σ֮䣬ҪһѡĻɣһѡ㲡Ҫ


2307 ȼ۽
ӷɱڣʱҪֵļƣ̳嵽˱ǰ˵ӷ磬ҹùãҵˣ㲻
ùãҵˣ
鱱ŷеͿΪҶүЩʲôˣѵ𡣿ڣʲôʱðһùˣΪʲôԼĶ֪
Ѿͷں˵ʲôùѾˡ
ʱѻ˵Լλùûġ
Ҳܲôˣ˵壬ʵùõûǱȹرȥˣȵ̫ϴΪ˵ӡǰλҹùãá
鱱ŷһ¸ͷӦȻ£ԼûǱȥˣҲʲôֵ£ϾűȵĹأ㣬鱱ŷġ
һʱ֮䣬鱱ŷҲǺѽʵѽ
ӷȻܳңԼĿĿҪҸȲìܵģɲ׵ġ
С㣬Ҳ̫˰ɡǰλùãҲֻˡ
ӷ磬ʲô˼
ҸղѾ˵壬꣬ͲͬһˡùãҲֻǱģ꣬ˡ
ˣ
費ɵתһѩŮʵùã㡭
˵Ͳ˵ģҸ֮Ĺϵġ
ֲɵӣλùøղ˵ң˵ңУìԵĴڣ˿ܻᱻ仰סȴᡣ
еĴޣ޾ͺѾΪ㣬޵ͬʱ۵Ľ⣬Ӵɢһǿҵĵ⣬űѩ
Ѿͷʲô
㣬ҹùá
˵ʲôѵһ˵ֻҸȵĹϵҪ֪һɹˣǽ£ȷ棬Ȼݵģӷ粻ˣΪеĻȾͻὫҵǱͽǸʱҽٲ
Цһ˵еĴޣΨһܹʶκһңҶ壬ֻҪֳޣΪ֮áңޣǾԲҵĵϵġ
ĺˣֱӾ˵˳ӷߣеĴѾԽԽԶǵҲѾʧ
㶼˰ɣҵĴޡ˵㵽˭ҹùõʲôط
ʱĶˣû뵽ԼתԸӷ̸֮µģڵãӷˣԲΪ½ˣĿĵġ
ǿ֮һıģѵԼݶҳ𣿻Ϊˣֻܽ˵ң
Ⱦѧת󷨣
鱱ŷҲǼʶڱȣҲ˽ġڣһ仰͵˱ĵݣת󷨣˵һˡ
ãܺãǳáӷ磬ȻǶѾ֪˭ˣڣ·һǼ̸飬ڶ뿪ұ½ӽұ½ǳǣʽΪжԹϵ
㼱ģǿأǸѰҲ࣬һǿߵƶûСŶǸˣǿߣֻʣĸˣѰѾɱ
ʲô
ѰѾˣӷɱ
ðɣôĸѰһ·ģǵɸģûκιϵɼȻӷ˵ĻǾвģɱһ۷״̬ĹѰѵɱһı
ҪҳΪжԣǾҪȣھͿսڶ֮ǰҪ˵һ¡ңղǱˣΪ½һˣȻҵСѵΪ˶ɵӲɡ
ӷ磬˵˵ұѾͷģ˵㡣
˵ʵ֮ǰȷҪ裬Ҳû֮⣬ֻΪʶӷ磬ҳӷ̸УʲˣȻʶųӷҲ̫֡
ڣӳӷ˵ȫζˣһ¾ͳΪݺĻʣ飬һʵʵĴңҵ˻ô룿ԼΪȣΪ½ô๱ףҲһֱǱΨǴӣɵͷֻǱõĻɫԼΨһŮΨһļ̳ˣΪλĹϵɥˡ
ӷɭɭүС㣬ҳӷһôˣҲѾ֪ˡķѾǣүһ׶εʵֻƽˮ꣬˵ҸͲҪΪصľԵ֣ҸԵһȻġ֮£ֻǸƽˮˣλȵĹ˵佱ԼĻʵ̫ˡ
鱱ŷ˫ת룬ûȥɳӷĻ룬ȵڴʲôע⣬ԼһԼûüֵʱԼҽʲô³أ
Ȼ֪ӷǸôˣղŻ磬˵ʵǾԲǳӷķ񣬿ɳӷ˵ҲûѽĽԼùõܵԸӷ̸ģΪʲôҪԼҳӷ磬ѻԼѵҪԼԼΪβֱӱأ
λүСһʱ֮䣬֪ǺˣԿ϶ǣʱֱӰųӷ磬ҲֱӶԸӷ硣
壬һķүһ磬˵Ǵ˶飬ʱǸҶ֣һңͽĸˡ
ӷ׼鱱ŷڲ֪ѡ񣬿ҲҪѡֻҪʲôʲô˵ǲԼôʱҲ뾡һа취ԸҵģңѾĴ㡣
ɲܹѽԼģıˣҲռĻǾ˵ˡ
㻹浱Ұװѷңһѽ⣬ҳӷ
ϵκζĻȥãֻҪӦĴ۾ˣνĵȼ۽


2308 ɹĶȥ
Ѿ˳ӷͼԼ˵ѽٵģǳԼΣʱ١
ò˵ӷΪȷе㲻صӷԱ˵ص˭ֻӷùӳء
ʵΪ磬νѣνֵܣҪһģûоһصĹϵʱԳ
½ӷ統ʱǳķʱͿĺʱܵһǳӷ磬Ǳ½ѡԼˣ᲻һеĽǳǣԼ˿ϢĻģǽͷݣߵѣӷҪã
Ȼ̲½ǳӷĴ㣬ȸˣǶԼһн䱸ʱ̲ǵʱɼȻھѾñңҸȲìܵʱӷȻǲŹġ
Ĵ޵ӳˣڻҪ˵򣬿֪˿̵ıģѾκвˣû˵£ĵϣǿɾͲԸѰǰļ򵥣⼸ϣӷ翼ǵʮ
ȻѾˣֻһģֻѩŮӷֺξ壡
Ҫɱ㣬ҵˣӦòɣ
ӷ翴һ۱ģٿһ鱱ŷҲǿ֤ҵʱӲǲһеİűģǳӷһɾǰæˡ鱱ŷɫҲ֤ӷһֳɹˣǷǳسɹ
ҲѾ˷磬ܶ಻˵Ļ˵˳
鱱ŷҿɾǡһԸӷ磬֮ǰ飬ҿԵʲôûʲôܣγӷұĻң͵ֱӱұ½ұȡ
Ĳ˵⻰ãһ˵꣬鱱ŷϾŭʵ⻰ʲô˼ѵ㻹ԸҲɣ
ѽ鱱ŷǸûԵĻ쵰Լе˼ѵ
ɲܱôģȻѾ˷ִ磬ǾͲ˵ĳʲôûǺ⣬Ҳһв
˵ЩһֱڱȣܱѾʲôԸҶǾһеȥɡֻΪһС¶ѣֺαвأ
ֲĻ᲻֪ⶼǳӷ£֪ڸ޻ԼһԼĶ壬֮ЩҲȫǳӷƺõİ㣬ˣܷӦġ
һһ룬ܳӷεƣһ㣬ΪȵĹΪӷƣͿʼԼҰɣ֮󻹱䱾вҡʲôнԸ˳ӷ磬֮ǰ¾͵ûⲻвʲô
нʱյһУûȷбȵ棬ɴǿԼһһŴġȻǱ쵼ңȴڱȵ£ֻǱ½һˣǿڹչˣҲܴձȵµġˣһֱ˵ǿűȲܷչģʵΣѵû𡣡
ļ鱱ŷûӣģû뵽Լ˵ˣñӵķŭ
ңҪˣǸӷվһϵĻǾͽΪɱĶҸұֻ֤ҪһصȣǾҵĩա
Ѿ˵ϣûʲô˵ˣˣҲûʲô˵ˡȻڴѽôҲͶиˡ
£ҵĩ֮ǰλǿ֮һҪĸѰһ³ˡ
ӷ粻ɵȶ֣ȻҲñȶ֡ȶΣҲ˵Ҳңʲôá
С㣬ү룬λص˱ȣǾңҲܰɡһ⣬ɡ
鱱ŷ˫ȭһŭȻҪңǾݹ鱱ŷˡ°ɡ
壬ɣǹùõ塣
Ǿͽķӡؼ˵
һ˵ԸңЦ鱱ŷȻ֪תģǾӦ˵ȥ֮ɡ
ãѾͷֹ꽫ֱӻصȣһ壬ùõͻزˡ

Ļ鱱ŷȥֹֻһѩɫĹֱӴѩŮͷð˳ȻʧΡ
ӷ磬ңһҪǲú
ӷ粻æǰʵλڣҪҪҰæ
鷢չһȫһɵģѵ㻹һ֮ɡ
ӷ磬ҪҸȷȻںĿĴﵽˣ½ľ䣬ңǾԵвȵģҹùõ껹ڱȣˣҲ̫˰ɡ
䣿˭ܹưһȨ£˭ܳΪ䡣ģܳΪ½ľ䣬ΪõĻңư½Ϊ֮ĵڶξ䡣
˻棿
ټ٣һ˵˲㣬Ҫ㸸ôڻȥҰɡ


2309 ѩǣ
ڣĵ׹ţһ׹ӱĵһ׹ĵ塣ܿ죬ĵ˫ۻڱĵߣƯһ׹ӰѩŮֻ꣬û֪ΪʲôֱӻģѩŮȴûл
ۡ
ո۾ıģһѪɫļΪ԰ףҲ൱ķŭˣھҪɱˡ
ôˣ
ѩŮһʵʵҲ֪ԼûлǱĵˣһǿԻģǾ˵һǳʲô£һһǴ¡
ʱѩŮǶµģûеһʱȥԼ壬ǹϵĵơ
졣
ĻѩŮȻѩŮԴرȵģɱϾҵˣ޷϶һȸѩŮѡվһ
һ֮һǵֶ֮飬ԸģڿɹܲѩŮ뷨ѡԼҪһʱѡˣ²ȱ߶֣ҾҪȷˡ
ųϡ
ǣ
Ǽ̫ϳһֱҿţһ뿪ղҲǽӵĵѶţǿнĵٻġ
ҽѩŮӡ
ʲô
ѩŮʦһֽѩŮ̵ġڣľȻҪӡѩŮ꣬ɲѺһôѽӡַʵҶӡڲ񷶦û̫ģΨһĵطӡĵطͬˡ
Ϣŭ׷ʲô£
ҪӡѩŮҲҪԼͽܵ׷ʲôѽʲô¶ûͽӡɣҪ֪ѩŮǱδϣѽһֱǱΪӵһ
ôѩŮûٷѪĵҩԴһ磬ȫѩŮ׼ˡڱ˵ҪӡѩŮ꣬͵ֱӽѩŮʮ˲ԶܷģһӡͻֱӼһ룬Ҳ˵ЩŬȫ׷ˣѩŮҲֱӱϵˣ
ҺôĵӣȻҹӷ磬ұȣұ½
ʲô
Ÿ⼸̫ϳȫһ㶣˭Ҳû뵽Ļ˵ôһ仰һֱڱȶǷǳĵѽҵĵϵڱȣ˵ļɷȣǼ̫ϳϻţ˵췴ʵ̫Խˡ
ѩŮҲˣ˵ⲻܣôܻ췴
ѵһǼٵܵĿ죬ѶţҵǿƻΣûˡ
ı˵ģһοϼˣǱ߻ڲͣѪ
ܣôܣ᲻ᡣҴôܡ
磬ȴҲܴҡ鱱ŷ裬Ѿӷȫվ˳ӷǱߡ֮ǰӷҪɱң鱱ŷͲԼݣҪӷ֡оǣѰҲѾ˳ӷ¡
⻰ȫųһ亹
Ȳ˵鱱ŷҵҪѰɣǿǸͬһĴѽңѰûˣȴӷɱ룬һӷɱ˱ſڣǽһôĶս
ŵڶȥʵ⼸̫ϳϿɲô࣬ͬʱ֣ǿȫѩŮϡ
˼ѽ¸ѩŮһϵûС
ţѵҲ췴ɣ
²ҡ
ѩŮӡںɽĺУκ˲ý뺮벽
ǣ
ǾԲᡭ
ѩŮ˵꣬Ѿһ̫ϳϸ
ҲʱڳӷһǰңΪڱľۼ㡣ҵ˷ǳأʱȥһǳӷĶֶ֣ΣҲۼʶģ硣
磿
⻰ҲܲѩŮˣôĳǿߣɱ˱ȣǱ֮ڣ˭ܵС
Ҳ̫ġӷ粻ɵϣұڻǱ쵼㣬ֱӶԸǵĻǾעҪ½еļɡ
ǹ˼ǣ
֪ͨҿļɣȥϸӷһô졣ǧҪסӷǴ磬һɱʮʵӲƴвͨģֻȡֻҪҸˣӷһˣҲ治ʲô
Ѿ´̫Զļɡ
ͬʱӷҲѾ裬鱱ŷֱǰˡ
ңȲͬһƬ򣬿˵ĻȽԶһϣһر߶Ǳѩص
ѩǣλڱ½򣬶½ĵһѧԺɽѧԺͽѩǡͬңҲѩǣѩڵ壬ɣ㶦
Ǳ½һǣѩǣ
ӷ翴ǰǳǻҪϺüĳУһɱγɵĳУǿ۽硣
еһУȫɱγɵģͺñһޱȾ޴ı㣬ʮΰ׳ۡ˲˼ǣӷ˽ѩǺ󣬲ûиеѩжôĺ䣬ʮֵůϣÿһֱڣɢһĹâѩ
⣬ǹѽ֪ѩôģ


2310 ΣǱң
Ҵſڣ˵һС͵ĻʹɱСͻʹ
ſڣɫ׵ڿŴţֻŵģɢƿŵǼ򵥵ÿһˣһһ硣
ŵĶиһ磬ɣҵˣҲضŵ֮ˡ
ңǴֱѽ㣬ӷ浱Ҳʡ
С㣬ʵе㻳ɣ㵽ǲ㸸ģ
ӷ⻰Ƿŭһ˫Ҫɱ˵ĵųӷ磬Ϊ򲻹ӷĻѾҪˡ
ӷ磬ܷܲŸɾһ㡣˵˻𣡡
ᣬֻǾãҴС㣬Ϊʲôȴŵ֮أ˼Ҷһһ磬ٿ㣬һһҲûС
ѽ軹һһ綼ûУֻһЩˣϣӷ綨Ȼʵģֻѯʵķһ㲻ͬˡ
ʵӷ˵һӱȽֱӵˣʲôֱ˵ͲתĨǵģĻҲţ
鱱ŷ˵ֵܣ֪ˡҵļҹ·½Ĵ½Ϊϸġ˵ֻҪҵݵλߣǵõĺôҲͶֻ࣬ҪΨһܵõôķֵֻǸŵģҶʮˣҲĵĺܣУоԵʸõһ硣
ԭˣҲ˵˵ҵļ̳ˣͲĻҲǵòһģ
Ҳ˵٣ҪЩĵˣģַܷԼĵϵѾͷЩֻöѣҵһҲ޵ģ£ѾͷȻ͵òˡףҴ磬Ҳ׼ģֻôˣΪľѾͷ̫ĸˣԼˡ
ӷЦһѹܳΪ½ĵһ壬пɲΪȵĹϵԼĹҲһģЩΪҾҵˣȻҲΪϵĹϵңΪ½Ҳڶ󷽵Ĵˡ
ʱ߳һߣһߣ߿ȥһ磬ңϢʮأһֻ֪ǧˣ򣬿ɲصϢ
үС㣬ڻˡ
鱱ŷǰϹϾ
ܼңǲǼ﷢ʲô£
ֱӾʣͲҪܼҶ˵ʲôϾΪ飬ԼҽôΣ
ܼҿһ۳ӷ磬İˣɵĶ˶٣˵ʲôȴû˵ڡ
֪ܼΪڣԼҵ鲻ñ֪˵ܼңҸ𣿡
鷿Ҳ֪үСˣȥ鷿
ǺáܼңȰдһѣҸȥ鷿Ҹס
¡Сѣܽȥ
ԼѲܽȥʲô˼
˫һת˵ܼңҸҸΪʲô£ҲиλѣҲйϵԡ
ܼ⣬ۿ˳ӷ磬²ͣĴţʵѵλв½ǳǵĳ
ӷ˵ͷû˵
Ȼǳݹ٣Ǿ
˽Һ󣬹ܼҷԸŵŹرգҷԸȥһסҵŸţκ˲ý롣
ӷͻȻо֮ڣһǿҵɱ⣬ɱ⣬Լġ
ѵԼֲɣ
ӷЦһңֻǳӷһģûһѩһҿջס
֮󣬹ܼӷ˲ˮ鱱ŷֱȥ鷿
һ£һˣǶүдСѩǵģ
ӷ˵ûһˡ
һ˸ܵ½ңǱߵ飬ұضҲѾ֪ˣƾӷһ֮ȻɱôˣСӣո˵ѽ
ŶԭˡǾһᣬ滹еҪ
Ϲܼæɣùˡ
ӷҲǲɫ뿴ʲô
ܼ߳󣬻£˵СǽǵʱǸӷ絽һģˣ
ϹܼңСһģˡ
Ȼϡӣǳӷ绹Ǹ˵סܾҡڵң֮ǰ˷ʣһ£˺Ӧ
Ϲܼңڸô
ϴһǰӷ֮ͬأһҪ뾡һа취˸סǧǼ֧ͬԮߡ
ǣȥ졣
ס£һܸ̫ĶԷĻ͵ظɱ


2311 ҵĴ㣡
鷿ڣ鱱ŽĴޣʮֵѹ֣ҪʱٴƢҲѾˣ
ǴޣǼҴС飬ôõģ
鱱ܸ鱱ŷԸȫֵͬһףҰޱȣһΪأϸ㣬ÿ߳һҪһƺˣΪִ壬һߴһǶٲ³
鱱֮ܳ⣬ΪҲʮԲΪ½һļҲȥκһԼҸļɲĦᣬҲ뾡һа취ģܲ˶ֽо;໥֮䱣ùϵҲҲˣҲߵһ
鱱Ϻϲһ仰ǱǣҴ£ȴԲ¡ҪҵĻҲʵڲУŻᶯ֣֣Ͳ˿صˣ㾡˳ײ
½ĸɣҲΪη鱱ܵôһ仰ƽŲӲƴģΪ֪ҽобȵ֧֮£Լⷽòҡ
Ȼڱȵ֧£鱱ҲиֻҪԼ֮⣬ڱ½һƺߴڣƺߣҪԼһһΪãȾͻڰ֧Ϊ½ڱ֮µĵһڡ
ңǵеģеȻҲѩŮĹϵҵĵϵΪ˱ȵˣݶ飬ҲҪڱȡ
ɱȷһ£ЩѾֱӽҵǱȵˣȴڱ½һļ壬νѹȵĵطͻзڱҲû̫ѹ򣬱½Ҳƽˡ
ľƣҸ֮Ĺϵ˵Ѿ˴ȵĸı䣬飬鱱Ѿȫ֪Ҳ֪ȷԲô׵ķŹԼҵģȽÿһϸڸ
鱱ŷ鷿󣬾ͽǰǰÿһϸڶ˵һ飬鱱ҲˣΪӷѾԼ˾ԵɱģɱģԼʲôôĴۣѾزˣ˾ȻǹģʣĶҶݡ
Ϊһ磬ֱӾͽˡ
鱱̾˿飬ԸⷢɼȻѾˣѵ˵ʲôԼŮҲΪûԭԼĴҷѽ
ףŮв½ʱĹֵġʱ䵽˳ӷŮ뾡һа취Ҫû쵽֮ص壬Ҳҽ¸ڣȻӷ޻ңְװ˶һ磬˵һĶѽ
ΪˣԵʱǶֶԸӷȴûжӷҲᣬˣҸ֮Ĺϵ
ĵͷ鱱ŷȴˬ磬ǱǳﲻǰҪңֺαضǱٽʲôء
ܣʱ㻹֪Լ˸𣡡
ҹòõģֻ֪˭ҵδչа˭ǵѡ෴ľΪֵܵļ仰ǽ͵ĻᣬҪңˣǻΪĻµʱôĶ֪
鱱ŷ仰Ƚϴֱֱȴϸ塣
ȷԼҰô꣬ڱľΪӷ缸ҪԼң͵Ļᶼ˵ʲô⣬˵ȶԼңˡ
ɾˣҪңļ塢ȡңҲԲܸӷΪ顣
ΪʲôѽֵܿﵽǵġȲ˵ޣһ磬˵ˡ
鱱̾˿˵Ϊӷ磬ȸΣաΪ飬ͱһʮСʱһСģͻᱻˣӷҪ鷳Ķࡣ
˵Ҳͬ⸸׵ĿֻѾﻢˡʱԸǣʱֽӷˣҾͻٱȸӷĴǸʱǾֻ·һˣ
鱱˵Ѿȥˣӷסһʱ䣬ȱȵ֮˵
ף˼ѵǡ
ӷ磡
仰ûֱ˵꣬ȴѾ뵽˸׵뷨
鱱Ҳ˵ʲôӲĻͲҪȱˣԼҾѾӷˣҲ˵ӷԣȴҪԴǰȥֻҪӷԼң֮취ӴȵᣬպҪȵ֧֣Ǿûʲôˡ
ǸףҪҪȥһ³ӷ磿
ڻʱֱȥ̫ҪǶԸȣǸʱԷΪǣͻ뱻˵ɣҲ˽һңΪӡ


2312 ӣ
ӷ羲ҿڣĺŲ裬ҵļһô̬ȣ˵ʵӷһҲϣֻҪǱ϶ҵıѣҷԼġ
Ȼ鱱ܲʶĻҲҪԼˣԼֱӰʱȵԼȥӦɣҾһԿϷʲô鶼޹ء
ʵӷ룬ȻѾ뵽鱱ܵһˣȻҷչزȻһǳԲ֮ˣҲ˵򲻵ѵ֮£ǾԲ᳹׸ȷģ᲻һдۣԼȶסȥǱ߽͹顣
鱱ʵǰ̫ˣֻ뵽ķֻΪԼһʱҪȵĹϵֻҪҸۣͿˡ鱱һ£ǾǱѾǸ֮ˣ޵ʱܻ֮£ǲ½ڲκģһСС⣬Ҳ
νɴɱһǧҲɷŹһǱڵ뷨ͬʱҲǱ½ĿǰҪ顣
ȻǱ½ĵһ壬ȻѾ飬Ҳǲҵϵʱȷʵǵ˳ӷĺôԼѡôģȷ棬ҲҪϡ
Ϲܼ˽󣬾һֱûгֹˣһӷˣڳӷպһˮ˿ӣӦǸմġ
һ£һȣǸٽеƣʵ˲ҹά
һ竵ӣ˿˾;ܲǸζҵĿǽԼһЩ˵װ磬սҲûȥӷ磬ֱӾ˿ǰλϣȣһӽܲˬ˭Ҳӵ̬ȡ
ʮ˴ġڣһȺ쵰Ӽסˣ죬һĳӸһ
˵ĵڣѩǵ֮һΪҲǱ½һɣΪҩĹϵڱ½أܶΪһŵҩҵ
ӣˣǸڣŹڵģ˵ߡ
ˡأ˶ȥˣûӻ𣬾أŮأͳͳӹ
˻ŵģңŮоƹʣԼ
ιСӣ˭ѽ
ǸոտӷĴڣһɵӣǲˬӷڡ
ӷû˵豭һԣҲ˸ȡ
ѽ㻰أӻưˣ
ӷǲһ
ѩǣѵǹҲ𡣵ڵĻ쵰۸ͷһҲӷţӽôʰ㡣
ֱӴӵȻ֮ڣ˽˶ҡӣҪһ֮ǰȻһԼĽǰ㡣
Сӣӵţȱӻ֮Ҫÿ
ӷѽ磬ǵһμĽɫ
㣬һûУǸͨˣװʲôװѽѹֻ汻ѹˣǴҵţʲô£ʲôˣȴִ򲻹ˣͷֻǱ˲ȵķݡ
ͨ˸ţò˵ˣȷҲǺĴ½ĵһˣڣڱ½ǼҴҵģȻܻŻûˣǸҲηҵҶҵˣһٲ˵ģߡ
Űֱߡ
һ˶ӣһ߶Գӷ
ӷʵ̲סˣ˾ȻʼŤƨɣƱȽϻ
˵λӣʱˣҿȥϢء
ӷЦһ̫˼ˣˣҵһѽ
𱾹ǰɡΪûΪͶڱǰӻˡѽ
һû񡭡ˣ
ӷ۵һЦ˳
漴ӷ˫һˣھȻ˲һ⣬ȴֵģͬʱһǱڵǵѹסˡ
ӡ
ӷﰵڣȻһǿķӡǽ˵Ǳʸȫӡ
˵ݣӦòѽʲô˾ȻὫǱӡʹ޷Լƶ֪ԼڱһǿķӡһֱΪԼֻǸͨˣǸϣ
˵Ǳ½һ壬ôһͨ˴ڣ
ӷʵ
һӷ⻰ֱ壬˵Сӣں˵ʲôӿɲģҲûͨˡ
ŶȻ㲻ҵˣôҼλϣ
ӻˣӿҵıӣǱף㶮ô
˰죬ԭҵıѽҲıˣͣӦñҪ
ӣӣôԼһܻˣҲȵң
һ˵˽һӷ磬Ҳö˵ʲô˵ˣȫѽ
Сӻ˼˵ǱܵĿ죬ͱЩһͷˡ
ӣСĻᱣģµġ
үģϴαȥ͵żҴСϴ裬ѾҲ˵ôһ֣Ѿĵһˣıӱżҵ˴Ľų졣

ҲǸ˲ѽĽų˵˵ĳڣһҲ⡣
ӣһ¹һѽϴû취żǼСȫˣҵıӣǲɱ㣬СĲͬһץסǿСġ
ٸӷϻȥȽСӸ򷢵
ָųӷ磬˼˵Сӣ˰ɣӵˣˡ


2313 סң
ӵҵˣΪͲ󣬿Ӳʮңʵǿ֪ĵͼʵȻҸһͨȥǷǣȻûкùӳˣѹλ鷳ʱˡ
ӷҲĶԻҲܴˣҲһûõļһˣҸһͨ˳ȥðյģ˵һ죬ͻʬͷ
ɼȻҵĴλӸղȴ鱱ܵλϣжèѽ
ӷڿɲҵ飬ȵ£Ǽڲ⣬һУʱӷûκιϵӲҸλӷìܡ
ֻ͵ģȻҲӭ߾ˡ
Ϲܼһȥ鱱ŷҲûӷ֪ǶԼģ֮ڻɱڵģԸԼֲֻȽԼһˡ
ӷ粻ûȤȻǲվһսϣҲѾҸ֮ìܣǵʱɾͱҲˡ
СӣȻˣѵܲɡ
ӺǷŭӷ粢ûκεĳޣֻǵһμˣ˵ǲӦôġΪҲسӣصңӷİˣֻܽȫڳӷˡ
Ӵ򣬳£Ӷšүģѽ㵹ǸӶѽ
ǱŭֻϧǸˣȴվԭأһҲñӵķˣ
˵һʱܡڻصȻ֣ŲűŪ㣿
㻹˵ӵݻ˻ŵĲᣬΪ֪λֻǸͨˣֻҵı飬ֶλеģѩ⼸ҵͷҲˣңЩ˵һ̣֪ԼôġȫǱӸġ
ӣСĲѽʵǶѽ
ʵҲӷ綯֣ʵе̫Լ˰ɣӷǽһѹ˵ϣһҲˡ
үģ
ĲѽȻ˲֣ԼѽҲ֪ԼֵĻһʵģԽԼ
ģүе𡣡
ͻأһҰ˽ֱӱҰĵ˵ϣҲŵɫһķ࣬ⲻ֪ʱˣ̾һƨ
үǺǣүãʲôʱġ
鱱ŷѾ鱱̸ˣųӷסңû뵽ȴӸӷ緢ìܡ
λӱı磬˵ӦñȽϿģϧѽӱûһΪǼ£ԸǿƣԣƽӼ裬͸èƵģ˵ڻһүڳ
ԼղǾ䡰үģڱӶԣˣɵ鱱ŷУȴԼˡ
СӣǳıӵɣȻӡ
үᣬǸᡣҸղⲻ֪Сء
ֵϽģжԶԶ࿴һۣӶķ
鱱ŷǰֱӸ˱һֱ̣ӽ߷ɳ˿
ѽĸգ
һҽУ˱ȥ
ӷղһĻֿԿ϶λҵĵλһ˶ѽҲеˣңΪʲôǵıأǸͨˣҲѽҵĵλ˵Ӧò²Ŷԡ
鱱ŷЦһ˵ֵܣʵڲ˼ŲңЦˣ
Сү̸֪ôˣ
Ȼ鱱ŷˣ鱱ȴû¶棬ӷȻ֪Ǹʲô̬ȣ
ֵܣҿסҶὫ㵱ϱԴȻֵҲҪᣬΪεǳأصʱŵΣգҴѾڰ֮ˣҪʱȥţҴڲֱֵܣϣֵܸһʱ䡣
ҵνֻҶסȵĽȻʱʵڲеĻֱӸ˵Ҫҳְǣ˵һ仰ͺˣҳӷҲԹ۵ġ
ӷ⻰ԣҲ˵ǻл
ҪҰǣǻҪҵ̬ô򣬾ҪţҳӷҲֻǸϷģʲôܣҵˣһڱȵ¡
˵ӷ磬ǧҪҶ˼ʵ£ҸѾڰˣŲҪ죬Ǳһıעġ
ȴ˵ı鱱ŷֱӣңȿսڣ鱱ڻеǿ
ˣûӷ˫У¶׹⣬һ仰óӷ綯ɱҵɱɳӷȴᶯ֣
˵ҲûᡣһĴڣضǵ淨£ҲҪҽǣʲôʲôʲôᣬʲôأǶӦðյĺܺã
ѽεȷǱ̫ˣʵڲеĻǾֻܽȴһˡ
ôӷһַõĸоˡŶҪҵʱ򣬾ͽҵȴһû֮ǰȴҪȻìܣ˵ìܱҳӷģ˵ǲе̫Цˣ
鱱ŷ˵ȥӷ練еģ˵ֵܣȴȥͷɡһҴ綼Ѿźˡ
ţȥɣҲ˳ιһ±½һң


2314 дд裡
鱱ŷųӷҺԺʮΪʲôģ໥д̵֮࣬ģУҲûһͷģǣȫҵļҳΪ޴׵ˡ
ÿһ£ҶᷢŵҩԴ֮Ķˣ֪ҵļҵж
ֲƵҩļ壬ԴԴҲ춼Уԣ֮ڣǼǿ򣬶ЩǿߣҲŴԴ
⣬һҹ棬ҲҪļҹ棬ǱǣҵˣԲȥǵڵˣΪÿһ꣬ҪͺܶڣӵڵõҩڷҲҪڲϵ֧֣νĲǽǮЩŵرֻӵ˴ŵرƳõĵҩ
˵Ҹڣ໥õĹϵ໥˭Ҳٲ˭Ȼ壬뵤֮ҲĺֱֻûҴѣֻҲΪʲôλӾ汻ڵѹȴƨҷţ˵ˣļɣΪӣȥ˵˵ⵤڣҲǲ𣬶ǲȥǣѵڸˣŵɲҪҵŵرҲṩһŵҩˡ
ҺԺˣүСˣȫֱͦ߹үСʺá
үʱֵǶǳŬΪر֪֮󣬴Ҷ˵ֻҪȸǲǱĻʲô̫ϳϣ۸ҵͷϣ͸ƴ
һ˺ǲĵĴ˵Щ˶ܹҵĶݣһǴǾһСһʵԴҡд鷳ˣЩˣȻҪΪƴģܶԷʲôˣֻҪǸԼЩ˾͸Ҹƴ
˵Ҳ̫ˡҰô£˵ͷʲôˣ浱Ǳȵ𡣡
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С㣬µ˵ҵңôᱻǸӷأҪȷҲʱˡǱ½Σͷһʱ򻹴սʵǶѽ
жүһ򶼺ģΪֱˬʲôʲô˵ʲô˵ʲôҲΪүĹϵҡһΣôҲӷСӸˣأ
ιں˵ʲôô˵үС㣡ѵˣЩүСôǵ鷳ǾȻȫжүСϣŲھŪ㡣
ǲǸ˼ˣֻ˵Ǹ̫ˣΪүС㲻ֵѡ
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СģµĻڵ֪ϢѾˡǶҵˣΪҵˣΪҵĻꡣ˵Ҳܣ֪˭ܣʱʲôҲ֮µĻҵһŹ
ĵ˵ͷ˵λڱȵ飬ҷġҪȿսңҲԲûյ̡ڣҪҽһˡ
⣬迴˳ӷ磬˵С㲻𣬲ǲҷҵǹʹˣڣҾʶһ£ҿɲǳصģɲӣġ
λҵѣͬʱҲҵϹ͡
һ˵СѣҵĹͣѾЦǰ˵ȻǴСѣǾǴҵѡСֵܣøѽǴСûʲôѵģȻܱǴС㿴УңԺǿɾֵˡʲô£СֵܾܿڣǧҪǿ˵ǶЩˣԽ
ӷǿЦһԣԼʾأԼҵʵЩˣҲȷò˵Ǻýɫ
ҿˡܿϧҲҪңֻǸСס죬ˡ
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ѾģһɱʮʥŮͨ³ǣŸ̫ϳȫ£Ȼ˵ģװƣ
ɲóӷװȥֱӽܵҵѣͬʱҲв½ǳǵĳӷ磬˳ƣ
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軰Ÿ䲻ãЩ̾ͷӦ˹ͬһʱ䣬ˣȫʮ
һ˫˫Ҫɱ˵ȫĶųӷ硣
㣬ǳӷ磿
ûвաҾǸղŴҺɱǸӷ硣
治СȻܵˡӲǲǴСѣ죬ҪΪ飬ѪĴۡ
ֹ𣬱𣡴ǧҪ֣˼ҿǳһɱʮѽ½ǾŸ̫ϳ϶˼ҵĶ֣ǸһԿġţҲԲ԰ѵɱֵģԣдд軹ûġǧҪס㵽ΪֹѽɲҪѵ̫ˣ

ӷһȰܣѾģǰʾЩ˸ԼƴԼɱǣΪСѾ˵ˣԼɱ֣


2315 ıһţ
С㣬ͱСӴˡʮأͣµһȭӲסС壬Ҳ˵ԼԴߣǶԴߵһͨ˵ǿ׳ء
ѽС㣬Ƕ֪Ϊѣ˵Св½ʱȹǶţʱһǱΧġ
һСƨ뵱꣬ʱ򣬲֪ɱСء
С㣬ģǲѣȻңҲġѵ֪ңǱ½һ壬ɲССǳǣһıƾܳưԵġ
ðɣЩһﻹѪѽûһǳصģûһλģνĵ;˵ǶԣǸƨ
鱱ŷ֪ԼֶŮҪóӷʶһԼҵֻǲ̫ð˵㡣
Ѿͷʲôɣ
壬ġҸղѾ˵ˣӷǲɱѵġȻѣһиգġ
ҾСӻһʱ̲סɱ֣ҾͲҪȱˣڣͽʧһǿߡ
õģӷ粻Щֻһʱ֮竵ӣ½Ҹ֮ìܣȥԿȣȻԱ߼ˡڱȻûҾͳĻ˵һôûСһǳõĻᣬһҪúýѵѵ֪Ϊ˶ɵϡҵͷ϶ҲҪ۵ġ
˵⣬赥һӣ˵λȻӷҵѣǼȻд裬ǾͲҪκӡôô򣬳սԣȺҲûϵҸҶֻԹߣֵġ
ȻС˵ˣǾͲˡֵǣҪСӽʲô壬Ҹȷͻ
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ֿ˿ΧԼЩˣӷ粻ɵĿЦһ˵ȻλҪдд裬ǾͶְɡǴСҲ˵ĺˣѣǵ㵽λãΪ˵ƢǺܺãҲǺͷˣһʱ̲ס
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˿̣˭Ҳûϵӷ磬Ҳûȥע⣬ںԺһУһӰ͵ųӷǱ顣
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˵˵ͷ˵׹ӵ˼ˡӷˣԲܳ¡ȥһˣǵֵҵǿߡ
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˵ӡ飬Ӻʧ䣬Ҳʧ䡣ӡλҲ䵽ز½ĵһţԳ𣬾ͱĹ⻷ѹϣҲˣıӲʮ֮꣬£ֻͶסɱ֪ԼңȣĪĹϵЩһֱңŵµӣһΣյĵطȫģԼֻһˣǱ½һ壬ǲɵΪһˣ縺һ̫ˣ
ǣϾ͹ȥһˡӣԼҲҪСһ㣬һʱ䣬һ뾡һа취ҵаѪġ
뿪󣬱ӵ˫һ˿ɱ⣬ĵңȣǱҽ⿪ӡƣնɱ


2316 ͵ʴף˷۱ѽ
ӷĽŵ²ŶŶӦ˵ǲһ˵ͷ˵ڵϣѪȴûΣգԱ߻ʮҲ˵ϣǰ滹мˣҪɱȴûһҶġ
˫סԼ˫ۣⶼʲôʲôѽôʮʮһȺŹӷ磬գ֮䣬˶ˣΪŵǣԼûӷʲôʱ֣
һֱǸ̬񣬼ֱǸѽǱȵĹģ۷״̬ʱҲ˿°ɡ
ˣΪʲôʱΪӷʹı˵ķŭΪǸɵŮˣʲô˵仰ᵱ棬Ϊ̫ηӷˡ
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ʱӷ˵Ǵ磬Ⱦ磬ԼĶȻҲ֪ҲΪˣԼĶŻԳӷ˿ġ
ʱѯߵүʲôǴ磬ɿүı񣬿Լ˱ӷȻһҲԾͲµ˻ĽƵġ

Ͳ֪ʲô̾Ϣү̾ƽĵһγүѽԼҵļ£ȥһĳǿ߶֣ûѾǳӷʴˡ
ˣǶȥɣøȥҲ˵ǰˣûˡ
үߵӷǰǿֵܣл顣
ǲģλСѾȰѻ˵ˣҲĻԵ̫˲ǡ
⵹ǣǶԼˣԼ֮䣬ɡ
Լˣү⻰Ҫ˵̫ˣҪ˵ҲӦʱ˵Ӧ˵⣬ô뷨ôĴ㣬ǲʵģҲҪشˡЩѽǲԿʱ򲻶÷ʡԼ֪ԼѾһôĻˣȴҪӲͷƤӡ
ӷˣĲ鱱ŷ裬Ǹ鱱ܡ
֪ߵغļһԿķԼǰɣǺðɣҲæסһʱɡ
鱱ŷ໥һۣû뵽鱱ܵ뷨ƻѾӷ翴ˣɳӷȴֻǰʾһ£û˵˵ʲô˼г񣬸ûҵ뷨ƻҪֱɱ֣ҲͷɣһüͷҾͲǳ
ʵǲö˵ʲôˣ鱱ŷųӷһͷӷҲǺסһлûУΪллĻӦɳӷ˵ӦҶԼ˵
ҹѾûκεĶˣսʱǹɱҲѾȫʧӣ鱱Ѿ֪˸ղ飬Ŀǰ
ӷ磬ᶯˣҵϹܼңѾһǿߣ˶סĿջҿջΧ
֮ϣһһŮſջǱ߷˶еĪҹģЩһڸʲôѽѵѩٲɣ浱ѩǵ壬ɵɿˣ
ȥ̽̽ǵ·ӣһˡ
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᣿ʲô᣿
ǸƲ˳ۣǸһӣˡȻҵ˽סĿջΧˣǾͿֱɣʱȥƣˣǸʱǾ˵һᣬҲΪһصı׸ǵΪаɡ
СãǴôҾû뵽ôõİ취ء

޳Сıˣϧ
ͻأһӰŮĻŮתͼһǿĵ⣬ǵһ
ãϷѶţ֪ͨš
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һ⣬ֱʣǵڶеѶŵһΪü֣ڵĵմרá
һⷢ˵ʲô˵ڵĵմˣ
ӰûƬ̵Ķֱɱ˵ڵϵ˺̷£վ˿ջſڡ
ͬʱҵҲȫΧͷģҵϹܼҡ
ϹܼҿŴŮ²ɵһ˵ǵڵˡղŵѶŵǵڵմרõġǸɱǣ
Ӱֳһҹ£һɫߣ˵ҵɱġ
ʲôң
ߣ⻰˵еˡôСָպסջģ˵¸ûϵã𣿡
㡭

ӰһʧˣΪоջڣǿԼǰ˵ģȴϣ˵Լ֮ϣ¾鱱ҲɱˣԣͲҪԼˣңȴѾڽ˴
ηС͵͵ģѵ͵Ϯɡȫҹ

һɾ޴֮䣬ˣȫ˿ջ
Ϲܼҵʵ㲻һĻ̶ȫҪĴ֮ܣ
£ҿɿˣûɱɣǱ˸һھͻ
ǣ͵ʴף˷۱ѽ


2317 磡
ڣѩ֮һҲ½ĶɡŪĻԴϱȲڣڷϱȲڣϣӱȲңżҸ塣ȴѩǣ½վȽţȣʮͬڵĴڣûκһɣȥڵ⣬͸˵ЩҪȡڵ뷨ˣΪһǳرɣصĲʲôԼӲԴֻΪƵҩһ֣κһɶҪͽǣԣڲ½ǳʲô飬кܶɸȥ֧ԮǵģΪģܵõʵ;ĵҩ
죬Ƿ˶δĴ£ڵĵϵڷһӣȻСӣǵ滹кüʦʦ㣬˾ȻѩɱԼڵĵϵӣ͵ֱƵڵĵߣǲˡŹġ
ڵǵλߵ֮ϣϼҲǵҩʦϼһһڱչأû¶棬ЩӣӲܼλϵˡ
ʵǵڵЩҲǺ߶ģһֱҲڱչأҩʦȼ𣬵ܿϧΪʵĹϵЩûгɹһֱͣڵҩʦļϣɵȴûзֻһ˵ҩʦǾǸλͬˣڵ˵Ҳһϲ¡
ǸոյõϢԼСͽڳﱻɱˣҲܳġ
֮ڣ翴ڵϣձ˻ʬ壬һһķ࣬µŭ𣬶֪յһôĳ̶ȡ
ʲô˸ɵģʲô˸ɵģҵΪУɱҵϵӣӿ治Сѽ
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ʵǵ֮⣬ڸڣżҸңû˱ɱ
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侲£ԽԽˡ
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ڣ뷨ֲܶ࣬ҲӷĻѽôһ㣬õڿʼˣӣܻǱµĶ֡
ôȻѾˣҲֱΥȸĵֻȽȵң鱱ٰ֮Ū
ֵģԼǰңڻᷢʣͽһӣȥ֪ͨչеϣԼڵʱ䣬һʲô飬ء


2318 ˣ
ҹѾˣʱΣɱ˶̫ʺˣ˵ȴ̫˵ֺ˵㣬ҪճɫҲһСʱ֮
ɳӷһ϶ûкۣΪӷţһôߣֱȥұȺ̸ɹ֮ϱһԸԼֱӾͷ֮ĹϵԼȶԿ
㣬һ㣬˵ʵ˵ǵѡȥұȣ͵ڸȫ£ҾǱȵһû˱ȣҲ治ȥˣԸʶķӷʵǲмɽӷȥԿȣҲԵ̫ˣͷ˽վӣⶼˣ½˻˵ͽв½ǱҲΪҵĵʱ̷ţ˵ҶѡΨһѡǣڲӷ£ǱȶԿǶֻҪչһҵսǾѾ֤ҵˣǸʱӷٳЧȫͬ
ȻӷһûۣȻֻҷ£Ĵ½˵µĵˣ˱жϲ⣬ʮʮЩԼ׵ȻӷҪԼ£Ͳܿκ˵ϣʵӷҲеƵġ
½ڻ֮Уû֪Ҫʲôʱͳһ½νͳߣʵҲȱǿѣǰĲ𣬻ǲ֮ǰЩڣÿһĪĻܳΪͳߵġңھεͳȴе֣Ϊʲôӳӷӷ粻˵͸ƵģǳǣҲʲôûƵĻš
Ȼӷ粻֪ǣǳǵǸ񣬸ǳһͳģǸðѾ޵סˣֻڻû¶ѡ
½ˮѽʲôʱըҪһȥһߴеκһǶᵼ޿ȵĺӷò׽һҲκһսб߽

ɫӷ۾Ϣһʱ
֣ʱ򣬻˭أ
裿ܣһŮˣŬҲʱѽ
鱱ŷҲ̫ܣӦò̫ˡ
ôֱӿŲ֪ô
ӷ罫Ŵ򿪣û뵽վſڵģȻҵıӣ
ô㣿
˵ұҵ˶ôĻ竵ıӣȻҲıκ˶ˣʱԼģԼ鷳ġ
ӷ磿
ƷѾ֪˳ӷ˭Ǹһռİ˴кƵġ
ʣңʲô𣿡
ӷҲǿԴһûһͨˣܲܰڳһ̫ݵӰɡ
ƺ֣ڵȣȫͬˣˣͬһˣ
ֻһңѾˡ
ԡӡԳƣڣȴԡҡԳƣһ˳Ƹڶ˳֮䣬ܶʱںܶೡ棬ֳͬ˼ͬķ
ŶҶҵ֣ҿǵùˣ
˵ûȥˣȫˡ˰ǵģܶ˵ǣλѣޱȵǿþݡ
ȥҵѣ
仰ӷҲͲʲôˣ˵˵ɡ
ƺĽ˳ӷķ䣬ӷûȥûˣΪûҪˣӷȴûзֵĻԼҲͱסˡ
Ϸ֮˵ʽҽһ°ɡơԸ⽻ѵĻԽơ
ֻΪȥҵѣһûɣҾҪѣе˵ȥɡ
ȻĻӷȻ˵Ȼ̬ȸΪȫͬȻкҪԼˡ
ʲôֱ˵ɣˣϲתĨǡ
ЦһҲҲæԹԵĸԼһ裬˵򶨣˵ʵңųǻû¶鱱֮⣬Ӧûеڶˣ
Գ˵ӦѾˣͨˣǸٻɡ
ȷ˵һҲûͨ˵ݣȷǸٻһӡĻǿġ
⻰˵ûʲôðɡѵҰ㣬⿪ڵķӡô
Ȼǳһ۾Ϳڵķӡ˵ʵѩǣһˣܿڵķӡ
꣬ҼѾˣŶʮ꣬Ҳ˵ʮʱ򣬾ҡ
ķӡҰﲻ㣬û飬Ǿɡ
ӷɲ˷ʱ䣬Ȼ㲻żɽҺαظϻ
ƽ˵ĻȴóӷȤ
𣬳塣壬Ǳ½Ψһһҿ⣬ηļ塣ֻϧǰһѣ壬ֻʣһˡŶȻһҳ
ӷ绹ǲԼ˵񣬿û֪ˣڰǰҲͱ½ȽѡǰҲǶˣ壬£ͳһ½ҵ棬ơ
ӷ˫һƣƣ壬ǰ
ͻȻ䣬ӷ˵ʱĹʱǰ˸֣һơ
½ͳߣ


2319 񷶦ʹ
壬ƣ½εͳߣ
ƾȻƵĺˣ벻ѽ
Ƶĺˣ˵Ҿ𣿶ңƵĺôʲôϵѲɣҰ屨𲻳ɣΪҵıף˵ڰǰţǰ屨ģӦҲŶѽӦҵġ
˭ĺˣЩӷûĹϵǵͳΣǲѾȥô𣬾ͬ˵ǰڣ¼ǵֵģҲѾ˰ɣΪ֮󣬻ϹŸλͳأסģȻǸˣ
˵屻ţȻġңƵĺˣڵıȣҲ屨ֻϧǰһֲ߻Ļ֣ǱˣҸȡ
⻰óӷе⡣Ҹȣôܣ飬˲ǵģӦҲ֪ѽôܻƵĺ´˶֡ңıףӲ̫ѽ
ȸңΪʲôҪ
ܼ򵥣ĴڣΪȱƵĹϵʱ̶ȸвһ˲ȵĻǱضΪɣڱĵλϾ壬һͳߵģ½Ϊϵļ֮һڵ꣬Ψ壬ȶԿ֪вڰǰȸҹᣬ¶֡Ƶ츳ڷ½½ǿģҲлΪھͳߵģһλУõȱĴУֻҪȱһʱ䣬ҾܳΪĳǿߡϧһеһУΪȸҵĹϵǰѾԶȥˡǻҵһӡһӶֻһͨˣԶܱ𣬸ΪҲ֪ǾĻ֡
ӷһ㶣ƣȻ֪磬½ЩΪϵļһﶼһ֪ľѽӣû˵Ƶĺˣܻ֪磡
õƵĴУҲ˵ܵõЩˡڣЩأƱӡһͨˣȴңҸȶΪƲ֪ǰ顣
νΣյĵطȫģƣ治һͨĽɫѽƵĺˣȻмˢӡ
ˣӷҲûҪɣܰңңԼŻá
߰ɣҰﲻ㡣
ܰңң㻹Ҫҡ
ƾʲô
ƿģҳӷ磬ҲоԵİգӷƵģֻǲ֪СӵǴġ
ƾʲôƾĸ֡
ĸ֣
ӷЦѵ㻹Ϊĸ֣Ұ㣬ĸѽ壿ڣ̫ʹ˰ɣ
վ˫۽Ŀųӷ磬˵˫ԣСĵ񷣬ű䡣
ű䣡
ӷһۺƶʱǿҵɱ⣬ס䷿
ű䣡Сô֪űģ
һԵ𣬶⣬Ϊıưԣ죬䴴߱ݺᣬ˱޵Уű񡣡
˵űк󣬱˵ǳӷ磬ڵĲҲһ
񷶦ܣ˲֮⣬ǲ֪ѽΪʲôΪʲôƻ֪
Сӣȱɱһ⡣
ӷû˵ѵԼ֪˵ű䣬ÿһ䶼˵ûйˣ
ңȻ֪ű䣬Ҳû񷶦
ûô֪ű䣿Ȱ˵ʵ򣬺Ӧú
ܼѽҲѾ߹Ƶĺˡ
ʲôϵ
ϵˣΪҵƣ½εͳ֮⣬ͬʱҲǲ񷶦εĶ
˵ʲôζ
ԭ㲻֪ѽ
֪Ҹ֪𣿿С˵һһ仰ӷŪ
֪񷶦һѾǵھεĶˡǰÿһλͳߣӵй񷶦ӵй֮ϹţҲӵй֮ǰĶɷ죬ȸԯĺԨλȻҲӵйûв񷶦λôܳΪͳߣôܵ磬ôǵʹܿϧһ֮ǵʹûɡڣֵˣھζ㽫縺ǰλһʹ
ʹ񷶦ʹӷ翪ʼͿˣʲôʹôû˵
С˵ʹʲô
˿̣ӷҲֻʲˡ
ʹʲôʹͲ֪񷶦ʲôʹģ
Ҳ֪𲻿ܻƭԼģ˵񷶦֮ǰѾаλˣԼǵھζ񷶦ʲôʹĻôͬҲʹģΪʲô᲻֪ء
ѵСں˵ûҪ˵ЩɣȻ֪񷶦ĴڣǱضǴƵĴе֪ģ
𣬹ڲ񷶦飬᲻Щ㶼֪

汻ʵˣűδȣͱҶˣֱӷӡ˲񷶦֮ڣйز񷶦һУ治һȫ֪
Ȼ˵ĹŵأǰεĲ񷶦УڰεĲǸߣδȫӵв񷶦ͱˣǰ漸εıҲ࣬Ȼûлȥһսǰ漸ζڣҲˣ


2320 
ˣʲô˼ӷԽԽͿˡ
ѵǡҶ
ûһǵģĴ½½֮⣬кʮΪʲôǰͳֻܳư½ȴ޷ɱأһΪҶĹϵ
ӷ֪飬˲񷶦֮⣬⼸ҶԼĸ׳ۣһ񷶦ġ
˵İˣȻǰͳߣܸҶ˵ֻҶĻΪʲô˵ûԹһսҲǰҶµ
˿̣ӷţħѪ߶˵Ļѵйϵ
ʱţħΪԼػѻõĻţûнȫ߳ӷ磬ֻ˵˹ϵ飡ڣӷܾȫ֪¡
һǣΪʲô֮ǰ˸񷶦ĶͳߣɵԼȴأң֮ǰ˸ȫںĴ½ԼȴǴռģ֮еĲҲλ̫˵ɣ
֪񷶦֪֮ǰа˸ӵй񷶦һҲ֪ɣ
Ƶ˵ͷ˵ӣ㲢һ֪ġûϵһب͸йأҲ֮ǰİλͳйء
˵ɣеȫ˵ɣ֪Ҳ࣬ΪҸͲš
ҽ㣬֪һףңҲԾԱ֤֪飬ǰǣҪȴӦұ𡣡
ƱǾͱҪ˱ȸңɳӷڻ
ҿԴӦ㣬ʲôʱ֣ԼֻܵȴҰԼ鴦֮һ㳹ױġȻҪ֪飬ҲʵʵһУ֪ʲôĻǵһģ㡣
ɷġҵõĴǱӡЩҲֻѣҵļ䣬Ҵ֪飬ǲܱӡġҲԱ֤У֪Щģ˵ûУû֪ôǾԵ
ӷҲ˵ڣֻһߣ
ȻѾ֪Ҿȴ˵ɡһֱΪĹŻ磬Ĺʥ޼߲ʽ񷶦Լγġ
һ£γйصѾ֪ˣ֪ǣǴģ
ӷɲһЩԼѾ֪˵飬Щ֪ģȴһֱԼθڡ
򡣡
ҲϻֱӾͻش˳ӷ⡣
ʲôط
֮һطҲǱڵĸ磬Զĵط֮ħͳġ
ħͳǼһﱾǱҪǿ󣡡
ܶʱͳĶҪ߱ҪǿܶࡣʱħǷԼͳѾԽʵ޷ٵԲŽųȥġħû뵽ǣڱź󣬾Ȼ໥ײ֮£һϵͳ磬ңʱţ֮ֲͬ壬ǿ߱гԽ֮ˣħ޷ͣħɱҪ֮У磬˵ǻ֮أΨģеǿߣںҲͳΪħһҪĶֻҪһҲȻΪߵĲ
ǵʱħɱǲչһҵĴս
ûʱǿ߾ۼսħһսҲеĵһսһꡣ
һ꣬ôŰɣ
ڵĺԣĴ½Ǻһ磬ûĴ½ǵһֵ磬һս֮ųֵġΪʱǿ߲ħ֮ۿҪܱ֮ʱ֮ͻȻλǿߡ
λǿߣѵǡ
ûλǿߣÿһλħͳһλʱսʤħԼħƵħ˻򣬲λǿû뵽ۼʱȻ໥⣬Ի磡ǣλǿ߾СΪۣɢ˿еĻĹŻ磬һоͻΪڵĺĴ½Ҳ䵽˲Ϊ֪ĵطһս֮ħûоʹ˰ݣҲ֪˶£ħħʱ磬ߣҲʱλǿ֮󣬳˲ͬǿߣУԶɷΪΪ˵ڶԿħɵʱĶɷû뵽ǣħʵǿ󣬻һʮյļһڵһսʱѾһŵƣҲеһǿߣˣȻõеһ߲ʽ⵼¶ɷܡڶɷֵ֮ļλǿߣҲħ֮˵³Թڣ֮ǰҲֹסħĽôֹģҾͲ֪ˡ
ħ֮ˣҶ
û˵ħĴˡ
˶٣ʵ˵һʣΪʲôڵһսħԿˣȫǲ񷶦Ķɣ
ûȥѾΪĻĹŻ֮⣬ҶǼ֮⣬ǻļΪʲô֮Կħģȫǵõ񷶦ģ


2321 BOSS
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊ񷶦УΪǿһҲΨһһӵѡһʺĶκ˶ȥӵġȴ˭õ˭ûôһ˵оǣУ񷶦ģʽģȴ˲ģʽġ
񷶦ӷ֪ģΪӷ籾ǲ֮ĵת˵ڲ񷶦һ֡˵ǲ˵ӷ磬Ҳħͳģ
ţðɣмеҴס˵ˣ
ʲôʽ˲ʽʲô˼
νʽ͸һ˵Ϊ㣬Ҫһģ񷶦͵ҲΪģʽöڲϳɳǿҪߺܶ·ܺܶε˺һ˲ű䣬ҽűȫȶ֮ǲ񷶦ͻԶԶһ֮Կ򡣶ν˲ģʽǵõˣ˲䵽Ϊ۷ľ磬Ҳ磬۷ľ磬ǲҪκε·ֻҪһʱգ֮䣬۷Ĳǿߡ
գ֮䣬۷壡
ӷ֪ˣΪʲôԼĸ׳۸յܵ۷ľ磬ԭ̵ģһҶҲˡ
ѽҶõΪʲôǾ˲䵽۷壬ȴҪһǸʲôħǲ̬ѽ˵ԼֿƲסͳѹ㻹Ҫܹ磡αأǺαأôҳһ̯ӣ㻹ʰˣҪȥʰ㣬Ű
֪ģѾȫˣҪԼȥЩˡȻҸղҲ˵һսʱͬʱ֣໥Ӻ磬ͬʱҲܻ磬ԣҪԽԶԽǲںĴ½õģ򣬾ͲҪħɱˣҲ
ӷЦһ˵̫ˣΪٶҲûáû´Ļҵʱ򣬾ѾȫںĴ½ˡ
㵽ʱȫۼĴ½ҲǿЦһûж˵ʲô飬ΣյĻѽ
ܻ֪ˣⲻҪҡ
Ѫ߶ʱţħѹӷ磬Գӷ֪ġ
һ⡣
ʰɣֻҪ֪ģһ㡣
˴ڣ֪˲֮⣬Ǽλͳߣ᲻Ҳкϣ
һ£˵ĵ伮أ֮ǰļλͳߺûкˣΪħսʱȫѾսˡ֮λҾͲˡ
˵ǳӷˣôϹǴأУھŴأλͳ߶ӵв񷶦Ļڲ񷶦ȴԼѽһԶԼڱˣֻҪԼһǲ񷶦٣û˲֮ĵĲ񷶦ʣԻ
ǸħԼͳԼٲˣǳӷºĲ񷶦ȴ񷶦ͬڣħ˵ķѽ
ðɣҲˣʱħɱҾҪѼϼܣҲȥͻᱻ𡣿ҪħͱҶңҪսʤħһۼһֻ磬鷳ǣеһҶ
˵û
ãô
̫ܣ
˵ҷǳлһУһУҲֱӸңħʲôʱͻͬʱҸû취ȥֹ˵µľƣû취ֹ
˵ʵһ˵ʱ㣬ħӦһǰѾˣǸʱĲȴǰҶ𡣡
ʲôħһǰˣ
ûʱӦǣҲǡ
ɼȻΪʲôû磿
ҾͲˡħÿ֮ǰΪĹŻĹϵᷢһ𣬻ʱʱ֮Ҳͻ򿪡ʮѾˣֵǣ֮Ҳûң֮䣬һɷǳصӡס֮ڵķλ
Ѿˣ֮ŵķλһصӡסˣ
һ£
㱾ͱ˷ӡô֪ؼһصģ
Ҳ㡣䱻ӡˣȴһļҴͨԲѯĴڡǵѰԪģû뵽Ҳֻˣ
ԭ
ӷɲƷ⣬ЩԼҲûʲôô
ˣҵҲѾˣûκεǹ£ҲȴӦɡҳ˵ǰͷжĳǶһõ֮£ǲԸҵģɱʱбҪʱҲְһѡ
סʵֻҪȱһĳҾѾˡ⣬һи֮롣
˵ɡ
ҪһаѪһΪаģܰһ𣿡
ѪаģΪаģӷ绹УţħаѪΪаѪ
Ҫ
ڵķӡһ֮ڲĻڵķӡͻữΪһڱըǸʱҾˣ
ʲôӡѽͦ񶾵ġ
ôڲڿЦһ˵ַӡаǼһﵱģѪӡ治֪аǼһĶô䵽Щȥˣ
ô۸ղſǰƵĻЩţħǼһҲȫ֪Ѿȫסˣû뵽ԼȻʹʹֻϧѽҶһ죬ҪʬΣ߹
ӷ̾˿ӣԼǱƽӡˣɾԲʱһ˵ɣ֪Сӻ᲻ʲô
ѪһңҲܱ֤Ҳҵĵ
仰㹻ˡˣˣҵ˷һġҾȸˡ
ȥɣǸ竵ıӣԻľһ㡣
뿪֮󣬳ӷһ˯ⶼûˣӶħҶ
ΪҶĴˣû뵽Ҷı󣬻һBOSSѵһУȫע˵𣡡


2322 ʦ
ɫѾӷڷûгȥ֮ٴ󣬳ӷҲȥˣ鱱д㣬ӷҲȥƻļƻ
˵飬ôģ
ûЩδ֪飬СӲȥ𡣱ˮڡҪģҶ׼չΪҶԸˣôȥԸħħ
ô˵ĿǰľƣиղС˵Ļ񷶦ǿһȴҪͨʱۻħһǰѾˣͳģҲѽΨһĿǣӦڵȣһ˳֣ˣпܾǲ񷶦ĶǸʱϲȴѾҶˣ񷶦Ҳ˵ħȵĶ֣һεĲ񷶦Ҳ㡣
˼˵ħһǰ磬ȴûл磬ڵһĶֳ֣ģǺαءһҪ磬ȴûгɹһǰõĻᣬûȥֹģ۵Ҫȴһֳ֡
ҲͽзɣҲħѾγһϰߣû˸þ̫û˼ˣӷЦһʵӷղźһ£Ǿûȥѯƣǰ漸β񷶦ħսľ֪ЩĻǳӷӦþͿԷΪʲôħһǰ磬ȴûе֣ҪȴһεĲ񷶦֡
ӶɷϹţߴħĶԿټϵһλǿߴͬʱԿħһǰ˴εĶԿÿһεսֻݣǾǡѪսǲ˸ħԿˣʮ׳ңǿ˵ǱסӢۣӢۣԼԼѪħħϼңɵܼסǵˣмأħ飬ˣͲܻ֪磬Ĵս֪ģֻĳһλͳߣͻȻ֮ʧˣҲûгֹˣ
ӣʱ䣬Ҫȥһ̳
̳
ӷһµʡ
ʲôط
ŶǸˣ̳ÿһͳߵ쵼֮أͬȣʥŮ³ǣͨĴڡֻ걾Ϊһ񷶦Ĺϵṳ̳̂ң̳ڻڲڣʲôطҲãϾǾһʱ䣬ܶطѾ˸ı䡣̳Уǰ漸ͳߵĶҵйħһЩ¼Ҳ˵
Լûȥĵطôѽѵб֪ɣ
û֪ͳߣûڶ֪̳ľλáǵģ̳ĴλӦϲ֮һΪµĵط
£ϲ֮䣿
ûлᣬȥҰɣ
ڳӷ̸ʱ֮⣬ɾˡ
ʮͣҵĴſڣΪ׵ڣɢǿֱסҡ
Χˣûһҿ֧ӵģһۣеη塣
ι㲻Ҫˣǿǵڵˡ
ڣڵôɽˣǲǳڵɽƵҩ𡣡
û˵ҿҪùˣȸˣƵʱӦΪȵĹϵ
ǻǱ𿿽ˣ꼰㡣
鷿ڣ鱱ŷ裬ϹܼҸҵ£ȫ
ǵڵˡ
Ŀ湻ġܼң˵˵ϵôһ£
鷢̫ͻȻڵĪ֣ĪɱûūӦ־ˡңǵˣҲȫǼҿջ֮ڣūС֮ţҲزˡ
Ϲܼҿ˼֮ţһһҵı£ܰϹܼһָġ
ţˣһһ뾡һа취ʮ֮ڻָġ
鱱˵⻰Ҳûѽûкõĵҩǰ첻ģԼҵĵҩҲ޵ġȥҵڣֻϧԼұ˸ˣˡ
ףΪȥҳӷ˶ߵģ˵»᲻Ǹӷйϵ
Ӧòᣬӷ֪ȥˣӦֱɱǵ˲ǣӦǣѽңӷҲԲ֪ڵĵֳȽɱˡ
ǳӷ磬Ǿһڰǡӣһǲùѽ
һرɣһǴɡԹʦǲܸһĽĻ֮鷳˾ͻԴԴϣڻеġ
磬ʲôƨڵģȥһ˵ҵ뿴ǼһҲҷ
϶Ƣֻỵ¡Ǳ߽ң㻹ȥһڸڣҸżҵĶɡؼʱ̣ȲԻɲ⼸ɣҲͬʱӲ֮˳Ҹˡ


2323 Ϊ
ҴŴ򿪣鱱ܲûԳΪӭӵġ
ƣﻹʮģϾּ壬ܰڳʮ˵ӭӿˣ˵˷ǳҪҵĹ͡
ôҲ벻ӭԼģȻҵһʹһӺǲˬ
ʲô˼ʦ٣ǼȻԳӭӣѵûǵڷ𣿡
˵һŭ
֪ҲûʧΪԼ֮ǰѾµᷢʲôˣѾ֪ΪԼĸûԳӭӶ
ʵ鱱ܲԳĿĵģǲ뵤ֵ̫ĻԼң˼ұϾӣʱ鱱ԳӭӵĻǾԵеˣҪ֪ҿǱ½һ壬ҪԳӭӵģ˵ʵ˱ȵ֮⣬ЩɣûǵݡȻǿѵķϣ鱱ҲǻӭӵģҸڵĹϵ㲻ѣҲǺҪĺ飬˵鱱ܱҪӭλڵ
ǰ벻ҪᡣҸʱһֱڱչأԲûӭǰġѾ֪ͨҸףҲǰصġ
ĵӻ˵ʲôȴֹסˡ
˼ҶԱչΪˣѵԼϼƽϲɡңһǷģҪԼӵǲɱҸɵģбȵ֧֣ҶȻŵҸɵģǾ˵ԼڣΪǰ棬Ҵ
Ҳɵѽû֮ǰһǱȵıԼֱӵ˱µ
ȻڱչأҲ˵ĲˣѾͷûĻӦþɣ
˫ϲͣĴţҵļ̳ѽȻǸŮˣȴ½еĴڡ
һ˵ʦ衣ѧԺʱһͷ
ڵĵӣҲһζڵģҲкܶǱɽѧԺѧУĵУһ
迴Ÿղ˵ЦѧܹˣѧԺһ£һ¡ȻǸǰ͵ģѧԺһףǾͲˡ
ѧ㣬ôѵڣ㻹ҰѧļӲɡҿɸ㣬ңɲ͵ġ
˵粢ûȥֱֹӿżɽҲãĵʱ鱱ܷϻˡ
͵ģȴǽǵǹءѧܣ֮⣬ò鷳İɣ

һˣȫЦҲԸǵģܽʲôˣҲ⻹ڣһڻϳĦǴЦҪⵤڵûףʱռϷ硣
ʦһ̫ˣõӽѵѵɡ
ɫʱһԼӰѻתĨǵģû뵽ҵѾͷǸȻʱЦԼڣԼϳһ
ѾͷĵӿǲСѽǰȻЦѵңûǵڷ𣿡
ǰ˵䲻Ļҵ˵ãбҪǵڷ𣿡
㡭
ȻҲѾ֪ǰҵĿˣڽҴ֮ǰҪǰһ䡣ôˣǧҪ˵Ӹˣˡ
ڿɲ翪żɽˣֱӰѵǰĿĸ˵˳˫˭˵£Чȫͬˡõڵ˵ɾʦĽôʽճ˭Ҳܿ϶˵ЧȫͬˣҲ͵ͬʱһɵӣɱˣܵԼˣ˵ɵɵѽһ۾ܿ¸ԼûϵԼҪɱĵӣбҪȫ¶֪ѵԼҾͲܰɱѽԸСӣҪԼʮʮǿ
ʱɫ䣬û뵽ҵŻûͱ˵ˣѾͷ治Ǹ򵥵Ľɫѽ
˿̵һʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲôҲܾվѽö˿أһԼңһСѾͷһضˣԼԺҲڱ½ȥˡ
ȻһݵġѾͷҿңûҽ˼ȻˣҲˡת鱱ܣ죬绹ݷõģʱɾͲôˡ
˵ֱ꣬ó衣
Ȼ˵ȻǸʹǽԼңȴԼ˼鱱ûκιϵΪ赽Ҳܿ϶ӵԼҵûйϵֻ˵ǲǸӷйϵû֮ǰôԿģԼҡ
ǹߣõİ취٣Լһʱ䣬쵤ӱɱ
û뵽ǣ֮ǰȻ˱˵ʲô˵ǱѾʼжˣҲһ֪飬ԲŻᴫڣõԼ鷳ġ
ǰһ¡
£
һ²һǰ
ʣҶڱȵһô̬Ȱɣ
ǰȻǣǻǰװɡ
ףѾͷãʸ𣿡
֮ڣһˣ˿Ѿ˳߻˵֣Ů£벻Ҫѽ
鱱ǳˣҲò
Լĸ֮³ӭӣ֪ʲôнϵѽȻǽ˱Ϊ⵼ԼĸײòԳӭΪ绰ѾˣͲôˣб˵Ѿӵ˱ȵҪңһһսѩǵɣվڵǱߵģʱùģɾԼˣ


2324 ֣
鱱ǲӴſڣһ֣ˣȫɢҲ˵
һһԴ鱱ҵϣʲô֮£鱱ܵǾԲٵġ
Ѿͷ
鱱ȴżصĲΪҼ̳ˣʲô¸ʲô²ԼŮƽﶼзִѽô˸ƵģԼ˽ңȴʲôԼʱĻԼҲҪڶ˵ʲôˣʲôˣ죬ͽֱӿ
΢΢˵ͷ֪ڵ˸ߣԼ׵˼Լ˽µ⣬ʵΪҲԼңԼϾǼ븸׵˼պ෴
ףҡ
죬
鱱ڱҪƽϢһŭ𣬷ʲô̸ˡ
֪Լǲ·ˣԼĻԼĸΪҵȶǾԲŹԼģԼΨһļ̳ˣҲҪܵͷ
ǡ
ǰ磬ȴһ鶼ûУҲûۿһֻۣ˵֣ŮǸѽСġ죬ҵðãʵе̫ˣѩǣҵĵ̣ʲô֮뱱ֶ¡죬¶׼ٴεлġ
ȻΪķͲ;ϣҪϷҪȫ棬鱱ܼ仰͵ղŵûзĻǾԵԼ̫ˣҲڸ½Լҵǰ϶硣
鱱֪ԼҪ鷳Ķ࣬ҲǸǳѲ첻һĽ׬ӵĻԼҸ֮䣬Ȳ˵쵤ӣı֣͹ҳһٵˡ
鱱ܴ˿̲òһǿֱϣ費ɵĻһ˫ֱӾ͹
Ϊƽô̵ġǰûòҵļҽ𡣡
ô˵棬˽ѵԼŮȫͲԼŮ˿ӣ飬Ҳֻ鱱ˣļŸɵĳ
ôҲû뵽Լĸ׾Ȼ²ߣվҵ˵ڹ£Ҳ֪ԼĸΪѣˣֲʱ򽫵ȫˣֻеĲˬңҪͷ֡
Χҵûһ˵ģǵﶼǳʹƽСԼЩ˶ǳãСܵίȴʲôæҲﲻϣھΣȻˡ
ɵڵȴǸ˵պ෴˭֪費ҵļ̳ˣǱ½һеĵһڱɽѧԺҲǴ˭뽫ѹȥԼֲ裬ǰͰ첻
죬ǵùˣһǱԼĸ˶ԴڵˣҸĺܶˣﲻɵĵһѡ
ǵǵ£±鱱ƽˣҸڣȻǴģ쵤ӱɱ飬ȻҲᱻ֤ΪԳӷ磬ɾһôûˡ

ͻأ֮ڣһɸǿֱӳ˳鱱ܸͬʱ󾪣ʲôˣȻǿ
ƴȫѵסԼӣ鱱ʱҲѾµԴͷ˭ˣǱ飬˫ӣҪѿ࣬Ҳ֪ͻȻ֣Ͳʲô¡
ǹڵϵ裬ûܵǿӰ죬Ǳǿӣ
ͬʱ֮˵ҴС㣬¹еϢɣ
ӷ֮ڻ߳һ˫۾һʱͿ鱱ܡ
ңڣʶλҼ治Ǳ½һѽ¹ȻйԲģΪ˲ﵤڣȻԼŮô˵棬ԼŮ¹⻹ûΣʱ浽Ĺͷ鱱ǲǿֱԼŮ
ӷ˫вɵĳֵɱ⣬Ϊƽ鱱ܴһʼҪôԸԼˣԼµһУ鱱ܶ뾡һа취ڷת˸ڸӷԵġ
豾᲻֪ӷʱ֣ǲԼҸڽͣԼҸڴһ첻ˣʱ򣬳ӷֻܳҡ
ҵ飬ܡ
³ӷǴ߳ģ͵ڸˣ㣬ҵˣʱٳɱڵĻᣬͲˣ϶ʵ
Ҫֹӷ磬ֹӷɳӷǿƣԼȥֹء
ɱڵĵˣʲô˲ģȻŮ¹ǲǻҪŮТѽ

ô˵ʲô˵ֱ˵ǧҴţǿɲѽȻһ˵ڵĻͱҪΪ˵ģĸôˣΪһ仰ôĻ룬Ҳֵ̫˰ɡ
вӷǳвֱӸ鱱ܣС˵˵һ仰ҲɱһȦ̸
ҵ飬䲻ȫ˽⣬Ҳȫ˽⣬һЩ򵥵飬ҵˣ绹ġ
ڣǰˣ糹סˡ
ʲôʱһ˱̬ˣԼ֮ϣһ֪ԽԼٱԼĪģˣҲԼġ
ܣҲܻڣҵˣǴ˻˭أ
Ժϸţ½˱ȵĹ֮⣬ʲôˣӵǿ
飬ңȾѵԭ򣬾Ǹʱ˴Щ£˵Щ
ѵǡ
Ѿ뵽ǰ˵ݣҲֱ˵ֱ˵ԼһôûС
Ȼǰҵģֻ˵Ŀģǻ鱱Լһ°ɣ
֣û뵽ңֳһλ˸ǿѽǲҪΪ½һأ


2325 
鱱ܷܺŭǳطŭΪ֮ƽʱͶֽӷɵˡֻϧ鱱Ҳ֪֮ģѾ鱱ŷǵ֪ӷǴ˵еĴǿߣȾ磬ȫԼܹȥµģ˵䲻ԼĻǳӷҪֱɱԼˣҲգ֮顣ԣ鱱ܱҪ̣סڵһܱסԼҡ
Ҳò˵ӷȷǸ˾ǺıȸԼҷڵԳӷ˼ԾҪõΪǵԼɱģõڶԼҲ
ȻҲǷǳɶ֮ǰԼŮȵڣѾ֪˳ӷʲôˣȴҪԼܣⲻΪԼҪ֪ӷ֮ԼΪĿһֱûʱԼΪܳӷ磬˼е㲻ӷĳǿ߷˰ɣ
Ҳѽûʽӷ磬ҳӷһ֣ԼȴǳģȻˣǺβܵΣƵԼŮȥԼҲԽʽӷʶһ£ҲԼû̫ʧɣ
С飬ѣ
鱱⻰һ¶Цˣ
粢ûи鱱ܴһıȽУϾ˫໥õĹϵȻ֪鱱˽ƻˣֻû뵽ʱ鱱ܾȻŮơ
˿Ҳû̫飬Լĸ˵ԼҲ֪׵Ѵ˵ףλҵѣѩǵġǴסջϾѩҵĵ̣ΪңܲסڿջɣҲ̫˼ˡ
ҸŮǴĺܣ鱱ŮƣҲǳصģ˵ӷѵͬʱ˵ѩҵĵ̣͵ھ磬ҵĵϣǲҪΪ࣬ǵڵЩҲһû˶ڣӦ֪ңɲҸ׸Ҷ壬Ҳлµǰһʱ֣Ǳ֤ĵ޻صġ
ѽԸŮ֮ĬѹһоһŮˣ鱱ҲһģŮˣʲô棬ɶκһѽ
ԭѣȻѣȻҲҵˡ
鱱ûֱѯʳӷʲô֣ʲôطˣΪЩ£鱱ܿɲȥʡ
е㼱ˣҵΪ˴ѽ
鱱ܣٸװɵĿģӦúˣΪǳǵĳңǾͿ޼ɵѵҵӾͰ𣿡
һʱûгסֱӵ˳ӷݡ
鱱һʧӣ󺰵ѵв½ǳǵĳӷ磬𣿡
ףǳӷ磬մв½á֮ǰҲġ
ԭˣأΪʲôȥһ˻һ磬ԭǳֵ͵ѽ
鱱⻰һ˵ڣϾͺˡ
ΪղŵĻԼ̫ˣӷ˵ģɸûκιϵѽû뵽˷ܹͷȻӷ鱱ŷ˵ˡ
ã鷳ˣ
Ҳʱһѣ鱱ܣɪںˣ˼磬ʲô˼Ҫв½ˣв½ֽĵһǳǣȴǱ½һ壬ȴûͨȣֱ˳ӷ£һ˿ƾһ죬Ҳ˵ˡ
Ź侮ʯĻᣬЦ˵үΪֱˬϲύѡû뵽үύˣûȵ֮ͬ£˳ѹֱȻˣһΪңҪǱء
磬ҳԣɲ˵
˵½˭֪Ǳ½Ҫв½˵£Ȼв֮ʱǱȻ̸˵ˣȴûϱȣȴңҲ˵ڳУңܴ½ûаëǮϵ
ӷ˵ЩҲôؾôأҵĿѾﵽˣֻҪǲͺ֮ͺðˡ
Ȼ鱱ʱ򳹵׷ŭڸȽ飬û뵽ʱȻԼһףѩǣҵĸбȵʹߣղ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ܿ죬ͻᴫȵģʵʱȻô룬ֻô룬ԼҸ֮ìܣͻݻݵĵزˡ
磬ͲΪҵɱҲΪġû֮ǰԩңǺξģ
ģʲôġڿҪȸ̸֮µģû˵ɣ
翴˳ӷ磬ͺҪӳӷõƵġ
鱱ܿɲóӷ˵ˣ˵ɾԽԽˣҲǳӷҪġ
϶ʹɫҪֹӷ磬Ҫǽӷȥڿ治˵һ仰ˡ
ɸͲ迪ڣӷ˵һ治ô˵֮иͺˣ
ҿ
鱱һҲѽ鷢չزֱ˵̸˵ǿܻõ㣬ֻҪɵϣܿ͸⡣ȴ˵ˣ˵ʲôͺˣɶ˼ѽ
鷳ˣ£ҿ鷳ˡ
ܺãȻ׿ڳ̸˵ģңȻǿԴ½ˣΪڵѩڵһڣҲӦǱ½ˡ
鱱˵ĻᣬһŮ˵ȥҼżҼȫǣ죬ǹϵǱ½δĴӣһҪС
ǣʦ𡣡


2326 Ҵѣ
ףֹȫˣǵ鷳ʹˣ
鱱ʱѾûоȨˣȫܹųӷҲô֮ɣǸʱٰѵӵ˵˲ףֻҪ֤˲ԼɱģǵҲͲҷһƨˣҪΪ飬ԼǸ
ǻ£ɼȻлɺ£һԽļ׹鱱ֶֺΪأ
ȻҪȥˣǾɡңͰưڿ׼ӭӸɵͷϴɡ
鱱ܶȥˣʱҲ֪øӷ˵ʲôתҪҡ
ȴǸ鱱ͬ뷨Ǳ鱱ܼĺܡ
ףοűǰġ
ŵ鱱һŻʱ˶סˣ漴ͼû
˵ʲô
ûȵıġ
ô˵
ҡ
Ҫˡû뵽ȾȻô죬ֱӾ˵ڣõڴͷԸҡʱ⼸ҲҲóģǸʱ򣬿ɾͲҽ͵ʱˣЩһȻǲҵȵġ
Ǹ鱱û뵽һ·磬ԭ׼ѹ֮ԭѾõ˱ȵ֧֡
ҸȷҲ˵Ҳ֧ˣûбȵ֧֣һܳΪ½ĵһ𣿴𰸺ԣǾԲܵġʱ˭ȡڱ½ɫأڣڣңżңÿһ뷨˭ֻҪܽҸˣǱ½һλӾ˭ģ֮һ⼸ɣǾһ᲻һеɱҴš
ϣڵ
ʱ鱱ܿɲðգȥ֪ͨɵˣھͶ֣ҲԼҴڱ
ǸףڶֵĻҲõϢġңű飬ǼҲһ֪ǸʱǾ͸нɱˡ
鱱һֹֻ֣סҵˡ
û˵һ㶼ûʱԲԼȶ֣֣Ǿֻĵżˡ
ھɱǵһɱѡ񣬶ڵĴ˵ǺԵġ
ѵҪô
鱱صı˱۾֮ʱҲֻǿȥ
һʱɣġˡ
ǣ
ȥڼڱչصģءµģٶȸϻ֮Ҫһʱ֮ڣۼе
ʵףҪҪڡ
ڣҵڣʲôģʲô͵ģ
ӷ˿Ҳǲɫû뵽鷢չľȻ֮죬ֻҪҸǴűȵҲܿϵģǸʱ򣬾ǳӷֵʱˡ֮ǰӷʲôҪ˫ȴһֻҪ޵ʱ򲻹ңǲʮ£ⱱ½ͽӷ֮֡
ȻԳӷһˣǼ壬ɣ֮ڣӷ綼ģҪ½ǾͻҪܲǳǱߵıУ³֮ҲҪдѹУȻһһεķѣӷһ˿ǳԲġ
öһȥһܲ½Ϳˡ
뵽֮жӷҲķ׼ÿϷλӾˡ
һʱ֮䣬ѩ壬ɣȫټµӵܣӣҪĸһġѩڵˣЩûκϵˣҲҪʱѡһӪ򣬵ʱѩǻʲôӣû֪
ˣһʱѡģȻңϸһָ֮ͶļɣΪѩǺܿѾ֮ϼҵ鷳ǵõ˱ȵģټ飬ȻͲ˻ɣǻˡ˿̻ҵĻǾȥģʣ˭ȥɵأ
ҴԺ֮ڣǿȫۼкܶڸϻ·ϣȴҲиֲͬϢ
ǵһڰ·ϱڵ˷
үһ֧жɽֱڷ
С㣬Ҹżҷ
һϢңûһϢȫЩظϵ˱Сӡ
үŭŴ󵶾Ҫֱɱȥƴȴֹסˡ
壬ɣϣҪԸҡʱȥǾǵȥġ
̵ģڵһɲ٣ѵǲɡ
壬Ͼǵ̫ˣǣ˺ö౶ءң֮УҲһ粻ٵģͬҲкöԣڲ
ѵǾֻܵɱȴʲô𣡡
ѽʱҳ˱ʲôɲˣ˵ŵɱ֮⡣
鱱˵粢ɵӣܲ²ӸȾϸʵضǣġֻһʱ벻Ȼ֪⣬ܸйأΪʲôҪ˳嶯أ
˵ףβǳ嶯ơ
ƣǵڲûκεĺô˵ˣңǵģǱȣȻλ͡
鱱ҲɻˣֱӾ͵ӷĺô
⻰˵̫ˡңȻǺÿˣǱ֮ǰĻʲô塣
֮ʲôѾҶˣҲܶ롣¸ҴֻҲû׷Σԣ»ǿȥɡ
Ҫӷߣⲻ˵ΥĵĻӷǣȴӲҪ˵
ӻûӷ磬ô鷳ȫһɵģȻһҲ죬ûµƵġҸ㣬Ǳ֣򣬾˹ҲŹġ
вң뷨һĻᶼûеġ
㡭
үС㣡ˣڣڣڡңżҵѾˣ߾ۼ


2327 ӧ
ɵѾ߹ѽһض㾡ģһǾۼ֮⣬ɵģӴҲһ֮ԿѽǼֱѻʯ
鱱ܴ˿̵鲻ò˵꣬Ϊһ֮ʱԲֳܱסĻסһңͲҪȵǹˣԼҾҪȿһ롣
ףǱҪΪǿǵ˼ſڣһо̫ˡ
֪εɲģȺսǵԼҶǳԿһ˵ȺսĻһܴĹҸɡ˵ĻǱеڵĵҩΪзڵķ͵ϮЩԴҸżҵĸֵ̣Ųһʱ䣬Ҿͽѩǣӱ½ʧ
ΪɶǣȾȻҪһһģ˼ɣҸˣ㵽һһλãǶ˵Ҳûκεϣˣ
֣Ҫȶ֣лʤĻᡣ
үһվ֧裬֮ǰɱȥģȴֹסˡڵղŲͬˣɵѾһ㳲ģȫۼ֮⣬ĻһоͶ̫ˡ
鱱̾˿˵ӣǱҪеһһսˣϣ⼸Ϲȥ֧Ԯ֮ǰһҲΨһϣˡ
鱱ܻ䣬ڿ֮⣬˵ΪǿǱģҲδҪԶ֡
˷ۿȥӷڣҲ˿ſڣ˵ĲǱˣȻҵıӣơ
һôʱܹˣѵ֪Լҵĵλʱ˵ֱҳġңҪεĻᱨĻҲ޴ΪҵֲɵӣɵʱһĻ˭ܿ뷨Ҳضɱġ
鱱ܵ΢䣬סԼңǱף鱱ܵʱ̶ڷҲڶһҲ֮µĻһ㣬鱱Ҳһüͷͽġ
ӷۿ鱱˫¶׹⣬֤ƽ֮ǰԼ˵鲻٣йأ鱱ҲĿ¶׹ˣ
Сӣⶼʲôʱˣʲôҡ֪ҳ£Ҳܻ𡣡
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ЦҾ֪ԣԲҪҵһ㽨ġҲԱ֤ǰ˵ȥЩһδңһ롣
δңһ룡
ǺεȴĿѽҵƲӻˣ˵󻰡ڳӷԣƵġˣƿǵƴеģȻӡȴڣ˵֮ġ
⵷ҡ
үҪһŽƸ߳ȥ
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λô˵ҲǰҵˣѣվҲǺġӦøһġ
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ܵ˳ӷѽرʱ鱱ֻ˵Ȼ˵ˣƣ˵˵뷨ɡ
ƺǸмĿ˳ӷһۣ뱨ûνı𣬾Լֽҵɱ⣬֮ǰ˭Ҳܶң壬ҲС
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2328 赤սڣ
ѽ˵һսȫͬġֻΪԼǽΣԼһ˵飬Ҳһ˵顣սȴͬΪһͳ죬ָӣģ֧ӣǧԼһˣҪ֤Сȡʤָܵӹ١
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𣬵ϣڳӷǱʶУѾܴһ㶫ˣֻûԼ֤֮£ӷҲ¶ԣҲΪˣӷŻ˵ֳܱϵãɵģˣӷöˡ
Ƹղ˵ⷬ˵ȷгΪָӹٵǱȴ죬Ҳûоκεսûκηӵ̨ǸɣǾսϴʱأóá
˵Ǹɣģео󣬶ڸ󷨵֪еģȴϵս㣬ƾɵʱԵʮʮܹˣĻĳϷ֮ϵġ
˵ܽǸ˽ΪһĻǾ͵ָӹ٣ֻϧѽ
˵İŰɣţҲֻܽһ͹鹦֮ˣӷû뵽ңȻôջ񣬲֪ħ飬ͬʱ߳ӷһеƣǸ˵Ľ˵ļ˰ʱ䣬ѽ֪֣ȴұһ竵̬ȴڣĻϷͲö˵ˡֶΣоϵֶΣӷȻʱûмʶţܿ죬ܿˡ
ڵôһ仰ûɽȻӧһӧ˵žԵİգҪô򵥵ġ
ƿͷϵʹˣȴֱӽСˡ
ƣȻң
ƸղŵĻ裬˵ֻСǳѽСܲŭ
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ӷĻڳ˭ҷҪһͲҪȵɱˣӷһأҲû˹ˡ
鱱˵ټСΪһεָӣ
ѵã㻹бѡ˵ʵڻ뿴ұΪҶһáȻһΣһҵԿɵĻҲΪѩͷϴҲȷʵʵˡҪȥʲôȺ̸֮ƨ£ΪǶڵ˵ֱȥġ
˼ұȶѾɱˣڻȥұ˵ǸǾͲɵ˼ұȸûҷء
ӷ˵ӣ̨ģôţǲġ˵Ķ԰ɣ鱱ܡ
ǰ鱱ܡӷ⻰ѾԣӦָӣҾ͸ӣ㲻ӦңҾȰռνı½һļھλ
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鱱Ҳû취ѽӷвʵǶסֻ˵ǺãһսСָӡҳ󻰿˵ǰ棬еĻҾҪջָӵȨΪҲĿұ֮·
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ӷ˵꿴һƣ˼˵ᣬѾˣôգԼˡҪ壬һսΪҪģǵһεĻᣬͬʱҲĻᣬֻһλѡ
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һװСӣһҪӷʵװһѣǰ飬֪
ȻװǾװɣȻҲֹѽǰǵı˵Լ壬Լҵݶɱɽȴͬˣָӣȥָӣ赤ǵɱ㣬͸ûκιϵˣһϵҲʧ
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2329 ƻ
ڵ뿪֮ûмѩǣΪ֪ȻѾ˺ѩǵĻԼڵһᱻҳײģͬԼڣûĻᡣԣŵڵ˳˶ţڳȴŵڵɽһ룬Ѿϵ˵ڣڣżҸңһϽңŵǸʱҾǻҲӵĵ
Ѿ˴ԼһʱңڵҲٶȾۼ˶֮⣬ͬʱ⼸ҸɵҲѾӵϢԱʾмҸɵһͬңҪڽ֮ڣҸ
ȻҲɵӣļ仰бҲֻ֪¸ڵģǼҼûκιϵǶȻɽۻ֮
ڴϢʱѻ˵ĺαΧңұ֮ⱱ½һλãͻǼҼѡһǵջ󣬲ʹǼе뵤һΧңȻǻǵһҵĶԿˡ
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ģһȫһսġ
ȫȫҲҪСһˡ
һˣңһˣǸˣ֮ϵģһǸ˳֣ŵһҪģԼڡ
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ʦǲԳӷ֣ںԾҵ̨Χңӷѵ᲻𣿡
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Ǹʱ򣬾Ͳǵڵˣļɳǰ档֮ҵĺֻҪʱҺһ죬ҵڵˣȫ˳ңȷȥǸʱɱȣӷˣǵڣûκιϵ
Ѿȫ̵ļƻɱңȵӷʱԼ˳ǵסӷ磬ԼȣǸʱ򣬱Ȼǲܲܵģܿųӷ׷ɱԼڵ˱ȣȴʲôǱȾ̫ˣҲȻڱ֮ڣӷһսġ
ˣҵ˼ӦöѾˡڣˣҽǣֱӳҡ
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裬һҵһе׼ҵ˽ڻзڵ֮ϣͽһϷˡ
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ƶ˶٣˵ңһұǱ½һλӾͿ˳ãǼҸɣ˭ǲһǸλӵǽҲ㳲ˡ
ãǾȰ˵İ취УָӵȨӹܡ⣬ҷ棬һ׼ûУҲѾȫ׼
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ǲܹһڸھʹˡ֮ͱȥ½ҵҲѾ˼ȥɽżҸڵɽǸ½ȴǴ򣬴ƼȦӣǵϳž޴ѹ޵󡢲²⣬ǽһսң͵վ˾ʤ۷塣
迴ƣһǸԼҴ˰ķô͸˸Ƶģ˵棬Ǹ竹ѽ
ļƻ˿ˣңҪùˡ
ǲܣһ仰ͿԺ壬ɣȫۼͬһطҵļƻŻᱻ߽⡣ǵģ½Ҳֻбһˣȴˣȫܳҵļƻʱ˵Ǿġ


2330 ˣ
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ǰ˵񷶦ΪǿһͬʱҲһǲ񷶦ǲ񷶦ҪΪǿ֮ǰȴǳСĵǣӷĲһδȫǿͱ
㲻õģԳӷΪ˵ǲԼûȫǿ֮ǰͱҶĨɱġңţҶ֪ܲ񷶦Ѿˣȴһ㶯ûУҲµĲĻӦ˵ֵסҶ
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Ҷû飬ס˵ھͳߣ˵ھεͳߣһǶԳӷõġֻڻ֪ʲôã


2331 ƻɹ
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һۣͲߴǳСһĸͷһͷİ׷
˵⣬⻰̫صˡҸҲˣȻ㳲ΧңѵĲɣ
ģǰڻ涷ҡɽ첻ͬˣ壬ϣѵ㻹ΪнҵĻ𣿡
ϣ⣬ǲ̫˵㡣ҵģһɶѡ˵ɣôӰû
鱱ܣġȻҵģǿ϶ϵġ죬ҵĩա
⣬㻹Ϊһ᲻֪ǼҼɵжѵΪһʲôɱҸ㣬ڣڣҸżңܹǹҲˡ
ɫʱһ䣬鱱ΣȻŲæѵʲôⲻɡ
˼һ˵ȥһ£Ϊʲôڻû
ˣ
һܹڸڵ֪ΪʲôϴҸżҵ鱱ŷǣסˡʱڣǸ͹
˵ʲô
һץסӣԼĶ䡣
ǻ쵰֮ǰ˵ĺúõģԼһͬңΪʲôڻᷢ飡
ѵ
ӣǣܸɵһԼȴˣҸżôôܻ鱱ŷǣסˣУ⡣
үģмˣǻ쵰һǸҹᣬҪǣˣˡ
鱱ܴЦ⣬㵱ʲôطˣ˵˵߾ߵġˣҽڵͳͳΧ
ǣ
֮ڣ˷ͬʱҵʱ֮䣬ͽԭΧҵΧ
ڵľƹڡ
ӣ鱱ŷǱ߳ˡҵֱ
ŶҰԶҰˡȥɣȻʧһҲȲЩˡ
ӵ˼˵鱱ŷǱһƴһǵùģ鱱ŷˣ
ⲻǷϻ֮ϣ鱱ŷЩһҷӦ˹鱱ŷγ֮ƣ鱱ŷҳԵġˣˣҵѾˣȥҳӷɡ


2332 ѡ飡
ڵⰫСվſڣȴҸΧ
ڣʶĲ˵巽һͬΧңҳײģڣſڵģȴֻԼڣ巽ȴһӰҲûңԼڵ˻Ϣ˵ڸŴҸżڰ·ҵͻȻϮǳ鲻ˡ
ô죬׹ˣһΣһһıǵڸ֮ıϾǵȷΧҵģó˱ɣˡҪһıϵڻۼ巽Χǣǰһе׼Ҳ֪ʲô취õڸڰ·ϾʹҸżұôһ͵ϮҲʧصģ䲻ڱţܸϹҲ𲻵ҵսʵˣ
ʱﻢѽԼſڣһƺ˵ģɵƾһĻҵĶ֣ⲻŵĻǱ½һıֲˣڵġ
ȫ£ҸΧ˵һ£Ǿ͵ϮҸżҵǺܶ࣬ȴǣסң˵һ£ҵڲʵԶԶԼ
Ļ쵰ôϿűȵģû뵽ҾȻӵŴ˵ʵѹǸҸȷˣ
鱱ʱҲǷǳ⣬ڵͬʱҲѾ˹˼ƣȻǱߵ竣װɵԼ
Ϊǰ½ĵһӣ治һǿֻǲ֪屻Ƿ֪֪ƣǶв

鱱ϸһ£֪˰ǰ屻йصĻǽ첻ǱûƸûҪҵģ⼸ǲ̫ܵ顣
ѵʲôֻ֪Լ˵ǰ㣬һҲȥˣ
ʱ˿̣鱱ܱҪȽǰ꣬һҪã̫ʱȥƵ顣
ڸǱߣһܿͻᷴӦԼǱ˸ˣжʧծҲȻǼǵҵͷϣܿͻϹġ鱱ŷ跽棬ҲֵܵסżҸңֻżҸҷӦҲضϷңǸʱ巽ۼҵļſڣһ·ˣ룬ǼߵңҲشġ
ڵǹ֮ǰڸҪɱһˣǲܱҲ̫ܵ˺

ӷ粻֪ʱԱߵһΧǽ֮ϣҲѾˣɲɵģվ˳ӷ档
໥һۣͬʱһͷڿ϶˶Էһ㣬ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ֱǿҴſڡ
鱱֪ȽڸˣɱˣǸ֮䣬ȫûصˣ֣ȵǵͻǳ鷳
鱱ʱһģ˶ﻢ£˶ǽѡ
鱱һ˫۾ݺݿһ۳ӷ磬һԼңȫӷӽȥˣȫûһصĿˡ
ףǻˡ
һѾصҴſڣ鱱ʵأ
֪ѽûл𣿡
áһëַˣǱˡǵĻҵĶ֡Ѿͷ϶ȥӦ塣
鱱ܣҿͲô鷳˰ɡֵܣĳѾͻˡ
ͻȻһЦ˷ۿȥͼں棬һҸϹңǻѺһˣѾǻˣҶү鱱ŷ
鱱ŷѾʮһˣɻǱҵ˸ץס˵ңҲӵʮһ磬࣬򣬾ǵٶһõ鱱ŷģ˵ˡ
鱱ܸ踸Ůһһ̫嶯ˣʱֻҪһСģͻġ
ԣ鱱ŷЩһȫҸˣĿǰɱ鱱ŷΪһҪ鱱ŷвͶ֮ġ
ңйյģȻҵڸ䣬Ŵ
ðɣҲڸϹˣ£ǻˣǲٵģÿһ˵ϣλϣơ
鱱ܣ֣Ƕղˡ͸żҵļ񣬿ǲѽ
żҵҲѾ˹ķĿ湻ģǵķӦٶȣҲƵϣΪǻҪСʱҲŻû뵽ھ͵ˡ
ﻢ£ѵ⣬ˣʱҲͷ
鱱ѽ鱱ܣղŲǺҵ뿴㻹ôŵ
鱱Ҳеѽ֪֮죬ͲӦ룬ֱӶֽڸˣ㲻ٸн͵ĻᣬĸȷҲϧڣѾ̫ˣԼңҪһҵĴսԷңԼңҲòȥ
ϲϣغұƿȫֵģڣ
ƿЦһ
ӷ˵ģѾˡû´Ļΰңֱ֮⣬뻹Ұĳס֮ɣ
ô˵ҲҰ׳԰׺˰꣬ҵˣǷ˵ģһҪ
ģѾˣҪ鱱ܵѡˡ
ˣҪվö飬һվ˶飬ģͲԼһˡϣ鱱ҲϣֱĻᡣ
ţݾֵá
лү
лңԼȡĻᣬֻϣԺҪƵúøɰɣܻ󣬾Ҷħ


2333 Ǳ
ƵļƻģԼķӦȴԤƵҪ죬ǵûй룬໥֮䣬֮Ĵ򶷣ҲǺܲܡ
¸ӲƴĻò˵ҿҪɺܶ࣬»һ⣬Ǿ鱱ŷѾ䵽֣֮鱱ŷ鱱ܰ첻κһ˶첻鱱ŷ֮ǰļƻͰ״ˣԷй룬һڶԷҲ𲻵κõġ
֪ͲӦ鱱ŷȥҵԼֵǸʲôƢѵ鱱ܻ᲻֪ڵãͽѵңԻһڶԷԵĸΪˣҲǣ֣ʧȥȻ
һվ鱱ܣɫΪѿ˷ŭĵزһ뵤Χңû뵽δſھͷ飡ǼӣԼҺãԼҪѿĶ࣬ڣԼ߾ۼıȽϿ죬ûб鱱ŷֲ
ȻҲ鱱ŷ鱱ŷڱ½Ҳһǰ˵Ͳκ˷ԼңԼҵҲǲСѽϰˣһǧˣʮǿͬʱֶ֣Ը鱱ŷĻԼҲûôϹˡ
ʮʮǿߣӵеһ綼ʮʮȣŽ鱱ŷ£ɼ鱱ŷʵѾһôĵز鱱ŷ֮Ҳûֱӽ鱱ŷõΪ鱱ŷзǳôϾĿǰλãһ⼸Ҽɣһȫ˽鱱ܵĵϸЩ鱱ҲʮģѾû˶ˣڰǰ鱱ܾѾӵжʮһˣ˭ܱ֤ʱ䣬鱱ûһ硣
꣬˵Уǰ屻ҸȻûֱӶ֣鱱ܵҲȥ壬ֵеģҲǴ֮鱱ܾû˶ˡ겻󣬶һ٣Ҵӱһ˵Ŀе֪֮ɱȸϲ߻ĻµڣƶὫҵԼĶˡ
鱱ܵȷǸΪ˴Բ˵ʵҲصķǳãûں֮ǰӷ磬ӵŶһ硣
ڣ鱱صٺҲûãܲ鱱ŷӲܵ˵治鱱ŷֻҪ鱱ŷҵңѾڱˣ
鱱ܣ˵˵ɣ£ô˽᣿
㹻Ҳĳ룬ڣȻվ巽ǰ棬ǵڸڣģ֮£ֻ˵ȥˡ
鱱ܳĬųĬΪڲ˵鱱ŷɱԼҵģһԼ˵һ仰ǵһģ鱱ŷ
ʱʺ˵ģ裡
鱱ܶʹһɫ֮ǰ˵ǰοǼҼҵģֶΣͲҰ·֣ҲΪϾǲܵɱղ˵ô˽ᣬ⻰Ӧ˵ڰɣӦǰɣ
һѾͷʱˣȻݡãķϣҲ˵۸ǡɸ³ɣĳ˵¹ʮУ鱱ŷͻǡ
˵ȻƵ鱱ֻ֣ܶҪ֣ͱҪȫľһ鱱ȫڳˣ϶鱱ܵʵˡ
᲻֪ڴʲôע⣬ԼĶʱԼĸ׿˵Ŀǰĵƣ棬ʱ֣ΪԼҵһűƣ򲻵ʱԲ֣ܳҲֵġ
Цһ˵ȻˣǾһǰĸаɡ
㣿裬Ǳ½ϵĵһţҸ㶯֣˻˵ĳԴСģңɲһѽҿǽ鱱ܳɣͷڹĻ
Ϊеͨʱ򼤽鱱˵һöûУԼʵȫ¶ڵ˵ǰһ֮£鱱ɵˣǾԲ³ֵġ
ǰҸҵһߣȻ巽ҪɱңǾͱһعصĹȻʵǵȵĲͷҲǿһϵģǸŮҲ巽֡
ֲɵƶֻС˵ŮˣǸǶѽһ仰ǲȺ֮Ϊ軰Ѿ˵ˣԼԼԼţҪһϣģͲһˣֻҵһŮˡ
巽һŮˣһСѾͷ´˳ȥʣĻڱ½ȥѽ½õһϢǵΪġ
鱱ܷǳĵ˵ͷŮˣ򸴺ѽԼҴңһ˴ļ̳ˣӣ첻ѽ
ѾͷһȫЩ˶֮⣬ûһĶ֡ͷָǸɣҡ
үһˣȴЦֻˣ⻰ȴպڵĴʹǸӲֽȥһŮˣ
Աߣ̾˿˵ȥǵĸ㵽ʲôʱѽ
ӷ˵ʱ䡣
ʱҲûѽѾǰʲôĵƣֵܹ巽ȻϵҲȲҡ
ӦòµĵʱĿģȻ֪ǾĵĵȰɡ
Ů˾ŮˣЩʵֻҪ˵һ仰ͺˣҪô鷳
Ѿͷ̫ӲҪңǸȽѡȻԼҼʲôΧһ㺮𣿱ȵѾѩǸΧˣǵĿ겢ҡ
ƿЦǲҪҸطʱһǻΣյģ
ȥҵ˴һȽϰȫ
ͬ⣬ȹȥˡһս̫ң̫ˣ


2334 ׳Ƴ
ѩ⺮𣬶һǳǿԣһʮǿѩǵŸΧ
ı½ӴɣȫۼѩڣҲ˵ӵǿģȻǱˣ˵֮ϣ㹻Ĺ֮޲棡
˵ȼȻ˱Ǿ͵ҪȥҴͷҲµһ⼸ģһ˭Ҳ벻ȻʱҲܹΪȻҪԶ֣ǸûҪһٵĸ±ɴ˿ɼȵĿ꣬Բң˵ҶڱȶԣͲκεвõΧңڵΧҵͬʱǿߣͻӷ綯֣ͬʱȻҲ֪ӷ֮ڣֻҪӷжһеķǸӷͻȻϮԱȵֲǴ磬ҲδܷӦ
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ȻģѹܳΪ½߲ε쵼ߣǵֶΣȷ˷ʤѽƵļƻҸǿսʱ䣬˵ӷ绹ᱻȴֲ
ðɣԭûھͶǱȶ֣ȥǱȣȥǱȵģɼȻԼȵĲͷˣҲûҪٵȥ͸Ǳһɫ֪ڱˣҳӷڣģǻ治ʸ
Ѿ˵ҵȺУֻԼ˵ģ˵߻ȽϰȫȻҲĿĸġ
ѽҿ㻹ǸϽְɣٲ֣Ǿˡ
̾˿᲻֪鱱뱣ڵѾ鱱ˡ
㶮ʲôûʲô£Ϲ
鱱Ҳƿ
ҹûģһңɾҪ군ˡ
ƣȻ֮ǰļƻһСæΪǵСܰҽΧ
СŮҡҿǺ㡣ҪҵģǱȣЩˡ
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֪ʲôѽѵ㻹֪ǿߣѾڳ𣡡
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˵ģȵˣ
бҪƭ㲻ŵĻ˵ȥķţѾȸסˣڳÿһҪλã˱ȵǿߡֻҪǱһ£ȵͻһ֣֮䣬ҡ
˵ʵ鱱̫ܲȥƵĻʱֲòȥš
ųʶ鿴һΧȻΧźüǿޱȵЩȫڵǼҼ֮ϣֻбȵ̫ϳϣӵе
ˡ
ǲڶ֡
ȱţסš֪ͨˣ˵ԵģѾˣ⻹ȡ
ʲô
ȣ
ûЦɡ
ǰƣԼҶѵֵסټȣȵһΣԼˡ
鱱ܵĻ֮ǰҪսҲʧˣһ˫۾Աǽϵĳӷ硣
ˣȻʱ˹ѵҪԼ
˵鱱ǰ˵ףӣӦû֪ȵѾˡ
ûǣҲǱȸˡΪͷȡڱ½ĵλû뵽ȸͲǸᡣΪεĽѵҲģǼҼɣܻΪڶҡ
ڸô죿ֻҪһ֣Ⱦͻ̶ֵģʱǾǸܵУǱҴѽ
šסǣֻҪǶ֣ǾͿһʱ䡣ȥأأңҲֻһˣſȶԿ
棬һµϹȴֻҵļʸ
ףʱ򲻼ˣһΪʲôǾԲκΪǿĻġ
鱱ܿһ۳ӷ磬˵ΣҪˣ
⣬鱱ʶӷ磬ѣǱ壬ɰΧȵҲѾ㳲ˡ˵죬ҵ֮ա
һ֣ĿԼ鱱ȴѽ
ʱңûеڶ·ѡӷæǾҪš
ӷͬʶ˵õģ䣬һЩСɫĻҵĶѽһƴɣûģҿǡ
ѾչزһɵģȻˣǾ˵Ҷ㻹ãѵ濴ұ𲻳ɡ
Ȼ㻰Ѿ˵ϣҲûҪϻˡҵֻһ
˵ɣڣʲôҶӦ
׳ơң˳ҳˡֻҪǳΪҳ˵һԱȻҵ˱˸ˣ


2335 㣬
ܼ򵥣׳ƳˣҲǳӷΨһΨһܴӷһ棬
νˣʵһʼӷûڹϣʣԳӷ𣬸˭˹ûУǱϵĺ󣬶ԷǱӷ𣬾Ǳӷձࡣ
½ʲôʲôΪãõģΪãҸ̸ҲֱӴʧ
ѡ鱱ڱҪģٲѡ񣬵һ֣ȵҲһɱģʱңûκεϣˣֻĿԼҵһĵȥ
ųӷǱӣ鱱֪ңѾߵ˾ͷԼӦӷ磬ǹһӭԼģ޾ĺڰ
ӷ粢һ㶼鱱ܿȥ룬ȥǣֻҪץסһӣԱסҡ
ͬʱѩ⣬ȵҲѾպĴ֮£׼ȥˣĵһ̫ϳϣҲѾѩǣ̫ϳϣȫڳ׼һУѾҵΧˣֻȳǱߵѶһ죬ͻ̶Գӷ綯֡
ճϣôһ㶯ûУ
ȵһѾȵĲͷˣЩ˵ڣ֪εĿǳӷ磬Ϊҵġ
ȱ𼱣滹ûʱɱȥеˡ
ʵͿҲ˳ˣ֮н죬ǹǵʩᣬǽȻұѹһҪҵȫɱ⡣
պ֪ʱӦýĿˣٲ˵һûһȷĿ꣬Ͳܽеȫڳӷһ˵ϣӷһķӦԼȵЩˣ޻صġ
˸ϷˣҪĿ겢ҡ
ʲô
ңԼ㳲е̫ϳ϶ˣΪʲô
ճϣǲңĸ壿
ǵĿ꣬һ壬Ӳһɡǡһˡ
һˣɱһ˳Ǳе̫ϳ϶ˡճϣǲеˡ
ţһ㶼ţΪҪɱˣвǳǵĳӷ硣
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ûҶˣӷڹ֮£ԹŻұ㳲ġǧУͬʱҲҪһӷɱһˣǽ
պ϶˵ӷڱ֮ϣĻ˵ᵼԼȵĻţΪЩ˵񻰰Ĵڣһе񻰣Щսûˡ
ճϷģֻҪȷĿ꣬Ǿͽһдҽɱǳӷ绹˭ǱԣҸԣ·һ
պ˵ͷ˿̣ͼڳڣѾһ⣬պ֪ŷѶţҲ˵ڣֱɱȥңɱӷˡ
¡һѩǵķţͬһʱ䱻ը˿ʱ֮䣬ѩǶһ޴Ļζ
պ󺰵ɱңɱӷ硣
ǣճϡ

ȻڱȵҪɱʱͻȻңԶʣһǿҵɢһ޴ԭӵ㣬¡¡ıըӶʣ˷ɢ·ҪֱɢĴ½㡣
ʲô
պסˣΪ̫ϳϣδǿʵѽ
ڣſڡ
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Ϥѽ
ӷųһʶֱ嶫ʡ
ֻһնڶϳ֣漴һޱǿԴӿնӿȫһȥ
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ӷ綼Լ۾ģȻԴΪǿԴ֮һԼǰòžģֻһֿԣǱǡ˼ͻ۷壬һȫµľ磬ת֮
磡Ȼת磬һ½ڶ½ôܣʲôˣ
ӷ˫۲գһ£Ƕ½ǱתҲ˵½һλĳǿߡ
ȳӷԾ꣬ʣǺ¡һ˵ڶնڶնڣͬӿΪǿԴ
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³ӷɳ׾ˣ½ͬһʱĳǿߣǾ͵ڸ½ޱǿѽȻֻǴһľ磬һܱ֤ܲܳɹһɹˣǶ½ͽǰǿһĳǿߣԵֵһ½οĳǿߣ
ڳӷ㲻½Ǳ߻ʲôתʱһ󣬳˶Ǳߵʡ˵һ󣬻˵һţһ־˵һġ
֮ϣһֻӥ˳޵ռ䣬Ƿӥצϣץһޣ䡣
ʲô
ӷԶ
Ѿſڵƣ˿ַص˳ӷߣҲӷһԾĿŶǱߵʣ˵֪
֪ǵʲô
һģǺܾ֮ǰһġ
壿ʲô壿
Ƶ˫۳ɫʱʱƺܾţȴִżݵ˷ܣ˵Ϲ塣
Ϲ壿
ӷ翴һƣϹŵϹ壿
û
ѵ½ǱߣϹĺˣ
Ͳҿ϶ˣɾУҲܻѽһʱת
תģϹʱ֣Բһɺѽ


2336 ϹУ
Ƚͷתһλá
½һƬԭʼɭУ
ڶ½Ϊϵԭʼɭ֣Ҳɭ֣ɭֵ
½ûУҲֻˣΪƬɭеޣ󲻵Ķ࣬󲻵ǿ
ɾôһƬͬɭУ˿̣վһΣһɫӣһߣˣϴ·Ĵ½κһطķװǽȻͬġ
˵ͷϣҲɭͷϣնѾʧһҲڽʧ
ȫϢ𽥹˵ڣһ⣬ֱӿ˵ڣĿѪ壬ʮ
һУ͵˿̽ɡе˶ѾҶȥһʲô塣
˫۳Ѫ˿ȴʱǹѪ
£ˣԼѾˣвһգѾ꣡еˣеѣеֵܣеսѾԼԶȥʱԼһ˻ϣֱǶġ
һҾƣУ쳣ЦӣѾ΢΢ҾȴһڽһڵĺȽ
ֵܣһ¶ɣôֵһһҹҹɡʹĹȥӣǵӦҲһȤɡûϵֵϾˣϡ
ߵ˫г⣬·ǰһĻĻǿ龰ǸʱֵһȾƣһˣһܣһɱˡСǿ󣬽һĵȫڽ£ְµѪ飬񣬺߻ǵʮŷƵġ
佣ƴţźߣ˵Уĸм벻⡣
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ
ȥˣеһжѾȥˡһʱѾˣҸͲӦôϡںˣҵһУѾСӣǴӽ쿪ʼǣңȥδɵһаɣȥҵֵǵδɵһаɡ
ƴţ˫ѾˮΪԼˣ磬ӷҲûˣɲϣûɣ֪ȫ¾硣
ɣ
ǰߣȻһλȾ磬Ĵ½ûȴǡ
ֻʹĻȥˣţ˵ֱһֳ裡
ǰΪʲôΪʲôҪǣΪʲôҪԼǣƴţʵ
ǣûôΰֻǲһãҵȥʧħŽ޵УûܵǸʱѾˣȻ绹ڣҲ˵ħľսҪȥȫǸˣЩˣȴѾңˡ
ƴţ˸ʲôħڸ˵ͬС˵һ㡣
磬ˣΪԴתҲֻܵزˡ;ƿݣֻϣСӴӦһ¡
佣˫۲ûкãǵ˴磬ӵ˴ң˵õߵĴУ޷õߵ˵ΪҲѾ˴Ĳľ磬Ⱦ磬ӷֻһѣɼ֮ǿΪĵ޷ȫֵԴĻҲˡ
Ȼ֮ͲٻȥˣҪģǽѣһõĽѣ֪е˶ѾȥͲӦüˣԲŻ»ƴţ佣Ҵǣ˴϶תֻڶС棬﴿Ĳľ磡
佣ȶ˫Ѿäȴ˭
ǰ֮ƴ౨
ǺãѪ뵱꣬ҲһӦңħʱһҪϹģϹ壬ħܡסһΣһҪɱһ
ħǸʲôƴţ佣֪Ȼ˺ߵĴУҲѾ;ƿˣһ׹䣬ǻƴţ佣ݺݵĵһͷ
佣ͬʱ˺
˫־ٹͷЦȾƣЦƬԭʼɭ֣壬ڽʧͬһ㣬𽥵ɢȥ
佣ƴţ˫ȭ˶ʮּּȴ˷ܣǱеļ
Ȼʶʱ䲻ȴ֮ˣ㹻ʱֶ飬
ǰһ·ߺá㵱û£ûɵԸֵܶˣһɡ
ʧǰһ̣սսʿʮ顣ϹħսӢڣֵǣˡ
ɭ֮ϣΧۼ
ˣǵλõġѾʧˡ
һ˫ۿΧʵûвǵлѣ
ڻ֪ղŵ֮ǿǿδ
˫۳һᣬ磬Ǵ硣Ҷ½ʲôʱ˴ǿߣһγУһҪԷݣǵˣҶ½ɾ鷳ˡ
ˣڸô죿
ˣȥ
ȥˣ֮ˣܲǵġ
ôϻȫȥ
佣˫һ˵еˡ
ɱȥɡ
ֱɱȥǾ͵ڸЩһǸǲһ·ӵģʱ𲻱Ҫ鷳
ǶѾȫ¾ĳǿˣѵǲɡ
Ҫڼ֮ǰܱ¶ˡ
Ǿ뿪㿪ˡ
ߡ
佣߳ʮתԺʧλãӢڣǰҴӦ㣬һʲôطħһʲôңҵֵǣһɱȥġʱϣ֤ɱ¾ɣ


2337 ս
ͷѩǣ
ǱߵĶʹıȵжһ£ɲ߾ͻ
˷֮ӷȴһһʹ鱱ܲòѡҽվĶ顣
ˡ
˿̣鱱ܾ͵ڴң˳ˣ
ԭв½Ѿʽչ½ˡ
һҵļ뻹ʲôҲ½Ĺ齵
ӷҪ½ôҪ±Ҫ˱ȡ
ڱ½Ӫô꣬ûдĳǿߣǱڵеģҲģϱȵ֮ʮվ˵ɽկĵطѹҪڶʱ֮ڳ׽ȸǵƾӷĴǰ첻ģΪӷɱȥȵҲѽǱǱ½ľ֧һвӷҲ½ϷԼ
Ȼ˵ҲҪϷڳӷ磬ȼ˵Ļõˣе㲻̫ܡ
ȻǸŮˣȴһƢǳӲŮˣ㣬ֻҪ޵ӳ֪ˡ⣬򴨣Ǳĵʦ֣ǵͬһɵģȻѾˣϾǷ֮ͬ飬򣬵ʱҲƴڻˡ
Ҳ˵ӷɱ˱ģ˱ȣպ󶨵Ҫ԰򴨣ֻҪǲв½ǱҲ㹻ŵģӷѾܲ½вǳǵĿлһ񻰰Ĵڣԣӷ绹Ҫһвǳǵ鷳ǣһӷΪУȻվڰǱߵģ
ҲǳӷЩ飬ҪںĴ½𣬾ͲݳӷκεԼˣǽԼĵˣӷ綼Ҫȥԡ
û˵ʲôӷҪ𣬾Ҫͬ˼ⷽ˿̵ƲȥֹӷķչĴҲҪȳӷȹ֮ٱҲܵȶãƶȥģΪԼʹҪɣǾЭӷ磬Կħ
֮ţӦò̫ðɣҶһսħһսڲ֮
鱱ܴ󺰵ҳԱڣѾȫǶΧסˣҪҡΪԱ鱱ܾڿʼʽȾ
ˣȫ鱱⻰ӷоѹÿһˣٿ½ǱߣµľƲΪҪģ½Ǳߵ׷ʲô£ҲԼûϵѽ
ЦȻˣǻʲôɱҵͳͳɱˣһ
żҵҶ֡
ڵҶ֡
ڣڡ֧Ԯǣ䲻ͣĴȥ磬ĵҩ𣿡
ģ㹻ˡеϸλϻָƸĵҩڣͳ
һǼҶ塣
ǣС㡣
ףڽˡ
Сġ
ҽˡ
żҽˡ
ڵĻ쵰͵Ϯһȭ
鱱Ӱһڣʮⱬʮһ硣
磬ǵڵĵҩȫ°ɡ
鱱ܣб£Լɡ
ˣҶ֡
¡¡
ѩڣʱһƬ
⣬Ҫɱӷı˳ڵĶҲѾӦ˹
ˡճϣѾǴˡ
쵰һҶѽҲ̫˵㡣Ҫɱӷ磬ѾǼƻеôˡ
ճϣڸô죿
ѾӷضҲһ֪ǱȵѾˡȥûҵ˭֣ܶӲܳҸǵս֮ڡ
ճϣѾҸˡ
֪ͨϣڵľ̫ңǱʱ֣ɱ˳ӷ磬Ǿǵùˡסӷ޷ģڹ֮£ܸӲƴ
ǣȥ֪ͨ
ৡ
飬顭
ͻأһѪֻһѾ޴Ѫ⵶պߡ
аʲôˣ
ţħվڳǽ֮ϣȵ
ǲʱܹţħȴΣԼԼҪˣӷ˵ĳĵأ
һȺϣȻҲƺˣǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
ˣϷ¡
ĲޣȫҶޡȫȥɡ
һһɫľţʹߵıȫ̧ͷ
ôһֻޡϣǲǵˣ
ֱɱȥ
ճǱ߻û
Ϸ˵㡣ɱȥ
ǡ
̸λС
顭
ϡ
ǿޡˣϷסˣɱȥ
໡
ʨӺУִһ
ʨŭ
ʨѩһ⣬ı
Сͳͳȥɡ
ССʨӣҲҲϷ뿴жı¡

ʨ仯ΪԭΣɫʨӣֱӳȥ˱м䣬չһɱ


2338 սһ
Ѿɱ鱱ŷߣʱûȥ鱱ŷˣҷΪ·Χ֮⣬չȫĽû˿صĽھսһ־սģʽƴ
壬û°ɣ
鱱ŷϵ⿪鱱ŷƲҲû˵С棬ֻҪϢʱ䣬ͿԽսˡ
û¡ģҶӣӽƴˡ
壬ȵһڵϢסǡ
ëߣȥɱڵĵӣǵ㵤ҩʲôá
壬ʱҸ޷ǱߡѣҸѾˣЩȫɢΧʱҩսȥԿĿѽ
㻹ʲôϴˣȥڵ߸ƵǵĵҩͣȥҪڶʱڽǴǲܵġ
ѾԹܶˣڵڱڵ͵ҩǶ޷ڵͱڸ͵Ϯˡ
Ļ쵰ȥɲǸ취
壬㾭ս٣ʲô뷨𣿡
ܽڵ͵ϮӸסͺðˡǷŵڣڵڱڵǵսȫżҸҵϡ
ûڵڵĵҩ˸֮⣬Ҫ͵żҸҵǵ̫֮࣬ǰѾˣҵҲҪ취˵ǱߵĵҩȻǸһ˶ռ
˵ڵĵҩսϣһһˣ̳µҩƾͻܿתġأûеҩ£˾ˣʱһã͵ֵסǵġ
鱱ŷһʱ֮Ҳ벻Ӧİ취˿ҲֻɱһѪ·ˡ
鱱ܶ磬˼γɵĵľƣ鱱ܵʵ֮ϣȴеҩڵϣ磬鱱Ҳѵ֣磬ĵҩҲϻָģϷڲϵ͵Ϯ鱱ܸûὫɱ

УһŻð鱱ȥʮ䳯鱱湥ڵ͵Ϯֻ㿪ˡ
𡣡
鱱֮ϣŶǽϵ硣
ǵһս͵Ļ棬ҲƵҩĻ棬κˮ޷ϨĻ棡սʱֵ߱ƻǺܴ󣬿һ޷ϨĻ棬һסҲʮ鷳ġ
鱱ܣռݱһλʵ̫ˣǽʹҲҪҸ
Եӱɱ飬ȻɵģҲɹȣɸⱱһʲôұˣǱǴԼڵģһıȻԼĪˡ
鱱һĲм˵Լ֮ԻΣȫǳӷһɵģɵ巽Ҳ̫֮Σˣʱ侮ʯ鱱ȻҲŭƱҪ巽
ඥҲһ֮Ȼְ͵ϮİϷѣ֣鱱ҲûǷ
ৡ
ԱߵǽϣһӰһ͸ˣ˾Ƿڵඥղں͵Ϯ鱱ܵģ
鱱ܣѾʱˣ㻹ʲô硣Ҹ㣬һֶͬԸ㣬Ҳʲô˵¡
ҪȫˣҲҪûᡣȻѾһҾһȥɡ
磬ϻ֡
ඥҵڵĸ߼ҩ֮󣬿һֻάӡ֮ڣɱ鱱ܡ
䣬Լȳһŵҩ֮󶪸ඥһš
ã죬Ǿ֣һ
ֶԸ鱱ܣǱߵҲ಻סһҪһɱ鱱ܣȴڰ·ϱ鱱ŷˡ
ô𡣿⣬ĶӣȥҴ磬㻹ûǸʸ񡣡
쵰ҹ
ùӦ㣬аɡ
ϡ
Ѿϵ£һͨսˣҲʮǿߣżҸҵֵ
λǱͬȴҪͬһԸҸ׸Ҷ𣿡
Ѿͷͷǰװɱ㣬֮ȥɱ
붯ǴС㣬ȴǵʬϲȹȥ
ȫ㡣

һ⻮һ˵ĲӣһͷѾ˵ϡ
쵰ɱżҸҵͳͳɱ⡣
ͷżҸҵУǹѲڣҵ̫࣬ҺܶҲͱɢ˿ȥֱȥġ
ƼĴ򷨣ͷģһĳ弸˵İΧȦⲻʲô
ȴκģԼѾˣԼûӣȥԼҲû취ţӷǲҵҪԱģֻҪЩҪԱԼֱĻᡣ
ඥս鱱ܣһҩĸһ͵ϮȻ޷鱱˿˵һ˵£绹鱱ܸһֻ֣ķŭѾ˼ޡ
ʮŵҩ£ǵҲѾӴʮԼһֱӳ鱱ܡ
ȻѾѡҪңǾûе·ˡ
ɱҵȫɱ⣬ţԼ½һıԼˡ
ƿЦһԳӷ˵ǲǸʲôˣ
Ǽͷﻹû֡
˵Щν棿
ûң⼸Щν棬һܴڡҪȫ֣ȻͬʱʧȻܹͬھķõģʵڲУܾҲѽҾͲ÷̫ˡ
ȵҲûӰû´ĻӦǱλѸ˰ɣ
ˣȲߵ֮档
ӷһתͷʶ߻мȵˣ취ǸǱȥ


2339 
Χŵȱ̫ϳϣһ޴ɫּվǱߵĳӷ˫ۿԼߣвɵһҲҪʲôˣһѾˡˣ˳ѩǡ
ʵҪֵı˿̸ͷȥӦΧżӷĿģֻҪżҲҵ˿Ŀǰ״ΪҪԵģǵ巽ѡȻӷȻҲǲ鱱֪ȵĵΪ˶ԸԼģ˵ͻԵһ㣬ɲǳӷҪĽֻҵĽ޵ĵزǲŻƴȫķһ
ȻŸһͱ磬ඥս鱱ܸˡ
Ǳȵ̫ϳϣˣˡ
ȵ̫ϳʲôʱ򵽵ģ鱱һҲ֪飬ӣ鲢ûԼô򵥣ȷҲһе׼ԼҰô꣬ȾȻ飬ǾͱԼˡ
磬Ȼ쵰Ǹƴ˰ɡ
үսˣһ˵Ҵſڡ
鱱ڿû˼ȥģܽһս˭ȻŶѾˣǽ£Ѿ޷ĵز
ıȣ湻յġΧһǸǴܾ˵ʱ֮
鱱ܻ䣬һ۳ӷ磬ʮָмĶԳӷһͷΪ鱱ܲɵǱģԣǳӷңǿǰĵˣеĵˣԶΪµġеľҲǳӷˡ
żԼѾ¶͵͵ģȵһ̫ϳϵ𣬾Ǳӷ緢ˣ˿Ҳ˳ˣԼѩǵĿû֪ӷɱ˲ˣǾֱӽĿһ£Ұɡ
鱱ܣǹҲѽû뵽Ȼұѹ
һѾ˵巽ǰ棬ͬʱȵ̫ϳϣҲվŵ
Ҵѽѷ֣˵ʵκһûоԵİңٴȥ巽ʧҲ᲻С㾡ȫңȫ֮ңԼҲһǧɣЩļɡ
ڣؼʱ̣ȵ̫ϳϵˣҲǱ˵巽̫Ϊ֮࣡
ųϣˣ鱱쵰ʵ̣巽֣ڶʱڸǲ£ٴȥ巽ʧ󲻵Ĵ󡣡
˵ĻԼ磬ҵֲǲ֪Ϊ֪ҵԼ巽ɱˣڣӱǱߵõôõ㲹ͬʱҲ߱ȣԼ巽ΪǱͷģϾҪҵǱȣǸǱȷȣɲȸ巽ìܵġ
Ϊȵһ̫ϳϣʵϣ棬ȻҪһˣ绰е˼
ǴɷġҼȻҪұȣ½ӷΪ裬ǲ˭ֻҪҵģұȵĺ£ҲȻҵġ
⻰巽ҲֻҪõȵһŵǾٴȥҲûйˣ
鱱ܴЦһ˵壬ɣʲôʱΪȵ߹ˡ磬ЩһҲ̫Ҫ˰ɡ
鱱ܣϻ˵߹ѵǰǱȵ𡣡
ƨûǰȷǸһսϵģҲΪȶ½ңͲǱȵ¡
ٸһףѾʱˣȵ̫ϳҲѾˣҾվڹŹǰȻԲѡųϣϻְɡ
һĵ⣬Լĵӵ˭ɱģɱҲãɱҲգǶѾûκεˣֻҪԼܵõȵͬǱ˵ôˣһҲġ
֡
˵ʵڻ治ңΪڳһӷ磬˵ӷ絽ҲûʲôɼȻӷҸԼȷǶȻܾԼҰɣһվġ
űͲȥһĶԸ˵ĴǿߣԼһǿ߶֣Ǽֱ
ɼȻ鶼ѾչزҲǽˣô˵棬ܲΪһֶûĳӷܰɣֻӲͷƤ˵鱱ܣңвǳǵһλôʱ㻹ô
ӷ籾һ仰Ҳ˵ֻվһЦһڻԼֵʱֱӽЩȫɱˣ֮ǰһоͰ׷ˣĻҪѽֱȥĸɴ࣬½ͽ޵ķⱱ½ǵòὫ½壬ɸƵǼȥɵ£ӷǲġ
˵۵£ɴۣȴȵģֱӵõģǾķȥá


2340 棡
ʵڲ²͸ӷʲô˵ȻӷȷڱȴˣӷӦðҲŶѽɴһʼڣſɶǿһģӷʲôҲû֮ǰõ໥ҲǳԳӷֱʣһڴʲôע⣿
ŲûӷĴ֮ǰҲ֪һǾǣֻҪһǾͽ޿ĺֺҲԼе
ɱӷ磬ͷһҶò˵̫ʧǱȵˣԣΪ˱סȵӣŲòìͷתңҲΪԼȵĵΪŵġ
ղ֮Եӷ磬ҼȻвǳǵΪʲôڻڶҶ֣סԼ֮ǰ߳ӷ磬ԼȿɲҪҾ֣ܳǱȽоˡ
벻ӷȻһ仰Ҳ˵͵ǿ㣬ֱûţΪȵһ̫ϳϵûм
һĳǿӲƴǲ᷸ɵȥģȻˣǾȶҰɣֻҪӷһ֣˾һˣǣǿҲûʲô˵ġ
鱱ܣȻ˲ǣǾͱұȽԶˡ
ŷһЦǶ鱱˵ģʵ߳ӷ磬ұڱӪô꣬ɲ˶ģǴǿΣǹܴ޵ܻ֤Ǳȵʵˣѵһܱ֮ȵ޵ɡ
Ȼ޵飬ҲǱĻص֮ǵģЩ˵еĴ磬ģҲ޵ʱһμʶǽڳӷϼʶһ´˵еĴ磬Ҳһˡ

鱱ܿǰȸɵǵȴЦ˳Ц֮ŸӵĿţҲڸţʲôΪǱ̫ϳϴڣЩ̫ϳϵʵȷǿѵӣ󲻳ɡ
ʱȻЦĳ˲ǣǽֻ·һ
ϡ
ŻأͻأУıըΧĿռ䣬һǿըʼŤ
ӷۿȥһϲ棬ǳˣڣ֮ĶԾѩһս
ţǧ겻û뵽ĿҪˡ
¡
ҵĴţһɼĳ屬Աһȵĸ̫ϳϣҲȫ˿ʣµ巽вٱ⼫ĳСȫˡ
ֻһϵӰҵĴſڣһ£ɷǣͷɫνңңˡ
鱱ܸ鱱ŷ֣߳һʱֵܶˣͿԲĵˣȻԼҵĶҲԼҵ
鱱ܣ£ݼ档
棬һ֣ҵˣȫ˵շ磬ڲ˵κһ˵ͬʱҲսı֮ǰӵĽš
Ǽ˫һ˵һһ棬ֻǴûгֹû뵽ǳˡ
ȵ̫ϳϵǲôԾȻܺŵ֣ǿɼʶŵģңӦûͬġ
ҵ˭أԭϼһû뵽ǧˣȻû
϶ûѵϷӦñ𡣡
תȫޱȵǿӷĸоĵΪȻѾһĵزžʮһѽҲ˵ϾҪתˡ
½籾һ˵Ĵڣû뵽ңȻһλ﴿ǿߣ⻹ǳ˳ӷϡ
ôˣϼһﲻûǰǿ˵Ǿʮɡ
ʮ磬һѽЩ˶ԣŵĶ磬磬еȻҪȥʲô
Ȼӵ˶磬Ҫң鷳ˡ
̾˿ȻѾˣԼڣָܲѽ
ϣһսǽǰɡ
֪ߵغļһƾЩˣҲԿĻϷǲǵġ
˵ϣһ棬ǵڣͬҲС
䣬תȶ򣬳󺰵磬λϳء
ԶԶȥ֮У£ߣǰ
ǧˣǧȥˡϣ棬û뵽ּˡ
ҩʦڵϣȫǸţͬһֵĴڡ
ȻڵλҩʦˣڣҲܲǰѽ
ûǷҲҪǰˡ
Ҳһ
żңȻҲˡ
ء
ǿżء
ڳϳء
ҷڳϳء
һʱ֮䣬֮֮ʮÿһٶﵽңȴֻһ


2341 ԣ
巽ȫˣǳӷҪЧ
ⱱ½һڣЩҪԼƿأҪƿЩͲκη뷨ҪǲǾͱ뽫ǱΪӴ
һǶص൱õģͺñȱ˵ƽﲻܷʲô£ɼ̫ϳϸ½ĵȴûʲô鶼ҪȥĻҲܳΪ½ľˣνľ䣬ڱֻ֪ʶĴڣظУȴڳ֮ȹ̽ӣĴڣΣյģҲЩеģһϵļʧˣǾ͵û˺֮ǡ
ӷûҪΪκһκһ˵ľ䣬ڳӷ˵ֱƨ磬ԼҪģЩ˵˶ѡ
ĳ֣κһ˶ʶȵĴһѾѩ⣬ȷȫĽֵסģʱҲǸʱˡ
ŵ巽棬һŵ鶼ûУÿһ棬Ҳ˵巽һһʮˣÿһͬһֵġ
ң巽棬ǰ㣬һֱӽԼʵʵ¶˳Ƕصķǳãڣûκһںġ
治ͬҴƣҪһ֣ͽеչֳһѹ˵ЧͬʱԹԼߵʿûѡ
ЦȵѾȫλˣʲôʱ֣
ڶֶνҲû˱ȡǣ½潫ǸˣõЧЩˣ죬Ҫ
֪ҲˣǶ˵ûκεĺôҵ˵ʱҲһס¶ġ
Ƿңһ㶼νҪģҶѡ
ƿЦһλ񷶦ڲͬѽҪһ壬һϷȻҪӣη壬㣬žǰβ񷶦ġ
ҲΪӷֳ·ڲͬǰζĲͬԣܸı񷶦һֱ˰ɡ
ȹҧֻʣһ취ǸŪ
涼Ѿ봿ˣ½УҲָҾããϾ½Ǳߣճ
ûǸҪ½Ǳ߸ճֵʥŮģұضڱ½֮ǰ½һвˣҶ̫áǰҵʵޣȴͬˡҪͳ½ͬʱҪƶϺǱ˵ֻÿһ½֮ϣǻĴǿߡ
ȻѾˣҲö˵ʲôǰҲûȥ塣
飬ȷһŰɣҳ֮⣬˶á
̾˿ʵû뵽ħһսҲҵһݣУԼͲȫıˣֻҪɱһ鱱ܣҲѾССһˣӷٲ룬Ϊȫ֣Ҳһġ
Զʮ棬ϵıѾЩıɫΪڻ޷϶Էе棬ǧչһôĵزԼжĲࡣ
̽治һʼƴҪ̽һ¶ԷԼ֮Ĳֻ࣬Ҫ̽ˣܷһƴ
棬档뵱꣬Ҳһսѡû뵽ǧͻսѣȴҪԡ
վǰ棬ҲҸżǿ棬ȫվں档
棬ǧǰЩͲö˵ˣȻ֮ĹϵѾչزɱҲҵҲɱ㲻Ǿǲݵľˡ
ܺãȻҪ˵ѾˣǸԵҲѾˡڶ֮ǰһҪһ¡ıȣѾǰıˣȻҲ֪ĵôģԿ϶һ£ıǶ֮Ȼ˵ЩҲǣһ£ҪĵһҪ
Ϊ׵˵ģǧЩˣҲҵЩСȴ֪ߵغҪΪУ£ǼȻǲ᲻ܵġ
֪λ棬ܹĵĶݣȻҲ⡣һССĶݣΪ£ˣҲԭҪ鱱С̸̸£û뵽̸ľȷˡ
棬ҿ鷢չزǼȫˣҲڣͲҪٵȱĹˡǽͽɡ
ڴϣҲǵڵĴ˵
ãǵڣڣڡżңҡһʮλһǧõҲˣ쵹ԣܲܽǵֻҪܶ磬ڽ죬ҾͿԳˡ


2342 崿

仰ǿֱǸЦˣ½нûֹһĳǿߣУҲǰ飬ҲͳߵҫͳǹǸɵĴڣ֮⣬½иûκһ磬
ЩǱ֮Ϊǿߵıˣûгʸŵ´½дλһ˵һ񻰣֪ˣָġ
ڣȻԲѵ˵Ҫ磬һЦ㻹Ҫȡ˵ȥ磬ǾЦеЦˡ
ȻǿĻһЦԱߵĳӷȴɫ΢΢һ䣬ûиһȥЦ棬Ƕһݵĵġ
ƿ˳ӷһۣ·֪˳ӷڵʲôƵģԼɫҲ΢΢һʵòΪ
Ҳµˡ
ⲻܰɣ
ʲôܵġãһûκΰյˣ˵аյĻ𡣶һڹϡǸѾӽˣʮǴģǷǴģѵҾͲӦȥһ𡣡
ɾ֪Ҫ磬ԼǾ԰첻ġ֮ǰ½Ǳļһ˰ǵġҵķ̽⵽˵ҲѾʧˡ˵аճ磬Ҳ˵
ûı󣬻ˡֻͣ˵ͨΪʲô˵İոĳ硣ӣһ̫Сˣҵƣ棬˵ı󣬻˵Ĵڡ
ûʲôˣ
ɣˡ½޵ʱ˵Ϊ½һҵңѾһеȥŶԣҲӦͳˡȴǵڲųΪ½ѣΪѣ㣬Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
ʲôأ
ӷûٶ˵ʲôֻšϺģǲ̫ܣϺΪߵҲʹ㣬Щ֮ǰҲ׷ɱӷ磬ǸйϵĻӷ뱱½һֱϵҽӷҳģȳӷȥҲû׷ѽ㣬˵汳ˣܻǶϺ
ѵǵĻ黹鷳ˣܰ磬ǾҪڳʱɢΪǿԴҪɢǿԴҪ磬ôһļǲܵģ˵һĴ첻̫ΣˣҲһ㴿ĳǿߣðΣȥ˳硣
㣬ûҪӷȾ磬ȥ˳磬ɢԴġ
ʲôˣĸĸˣ
ӷųʶҵΧ̽ţϣܽǸ˸ҳ
ܿϧܳӷô̽ûз˵ĴڣԾֻһûУΣģŻ˵ġڶǶԷΪڳӷ֮ϣһҪȳӷ߳ҲǴڰ˲㣬ǵھŲ㣬ֻǴ۷ܲӷ緢֡
ӷֻϣǵڶֿܣҪң½ǾͲһʱ̵ˣ
룬㻹ǸϽǱȽϰȫ
ӷ翴棬ȴǶ˵
ĵǵһ治Ӧôĺ·һˡҲѽѾһӪˣҲܶһ˲ܰɡ
ܣڣƵһľ㣬ҪԸˡİɣв񷶦Ǵ۷壬Ҳɱҵġ
ƿЦһ˵ǰĲ񷶦ǲͬǰĲ񷶦ܸսֵܴڣ㣬ȴǹ¾һˡ
˵ϻϽҿɲĳˣһҪ㡣
ǺãԼСһ㣬һڳһ죬һ֮Ҫѩǻҵ£תͷжԶܶԶһ֮ҳ⣬Ҿͻ㡣
ţ߰ɡ
ƿɲɵʱͰԼˣ֪ӷ˵ģ˵Ǵ۷壬ǵ۷壬Ҫɱӷ磬̫ܣԼǱ۳ӷˣȥȱȽϺá
˿ҲѾȫȫ˫һӣǿޱȵ˷ȥ
巽ʮ棬ͬʱҪ赲ȴû뵽֮ǿ󣬾ʮ֮䣬巽Уֻվŵģ棬ȫ˵ϣѪ
ܣ
˼һĻȫɵۣ֮ˣʮ涼ˣʣÿһһλ棬ǵһ棬ܲɵۣ棬ȻǸݽɫ
ǲһķôˣѵǼһ㳤ûô
һмı飬巽ʮ棬ûǷ
ǷԵġ
⣬ڳ֮䣬һЩôڵĽɫֻһʵˣܳΪԼĶ֡
巽ÿһֻеһ棬ʸԼ֣ν棬Ǹˡ
沢ûȥܵµļ˵棬һ֣ȻҲѾµˣ֮ԲǣҲǸһƽĻᡣ
ƽйƽ𣿽ңͬһɱҼſˣǲʣǾͱҲˡ֮սңͽȣһͳ½
˶٣ЦȻ֮ǰ˵ĻȻҪȶһ¡硣
ʲô
ӷ˫Ŀ棬磬ʱ磬ǲ⣬Ϊˣ°ġ
ɸͲȳӷ룬ѾЩµ棬ȫ˹ȥǵ磬ȫ˹ȥ

ϻ쵰磬ֻڶСѽ


2343 Ƽʻѩǣ
Ѿ˳ѩǵվһ֮ϣ˫۳ѩڵ
ֻһ޴ĿնѩҵϿջ֣һǿڿնڴ½УѾǵηˡ
ļһƽһεĲܷ飬쵹ãΡ
ӣʲôڰ棬Ҫ磬תˡ
ţȷǳףʲôڰӷ綼οء
Ȼӷ綼ǶȻڳӷ֮ϣˣ½Ǿûеġ
ģҸĹϵǱҲһˡ
ôܣҰ֪꣬һô쵽ģ֪ѽ
˵ǣҳ֮⣬鱱֪ܶôһҡǧʱ䣬ѾʮˣϽɱǼ棬ΪȶĻźܿ죬һǿˡ
ӣǲ˵
ţµûҿǱ½ߣв½֮⣬½ҲȻšû뵽ѽЩһĿ湻ԶģЩ½½֪ЩĴڣǣȴѾ߱鲼½ֻһ벻ףȻЩһｫɵ½ΪʲôֱӰڱĵطǰأ
˵֮䣬ѩϿյĿնѾȫΣԴҲѾӿȥУγһƬƣһƬƻκһеơ
ѵЩһĿģӷһҲҸȷķʹ½Ҳɣ
Ѿ뵽˺ΪʲôҪңһǿĴڡ
Ǵڰ˲ľѽڳӷв񷶦߱䣬ӵŰٸϳӷ紿ΪҪԸһڰ˲ĳǿߣ򲻹ûġ
ߵ˵ڵķӡܽ⿪Ļʱһܰӷһѵġ
ûáҵķӡܽ⿪ûбӡҲܵ﴿ġ˵ûĵõ㹻Ǹûܰҳ棬治֪ʲôʺˡ
˴˿ȻתԶ˵áӣ½Ǳߣǿޱȵˡ
Ļ쵰ôһǸղųҵط߸ϹһǷ֣Ǿ·һ
Ӷ½ͨ½֮Уƴţ佣Լٶȷ
ѾǴĲľˣȾڼ֮ڣʹӶﱱ
ƴţ佣Ǵڶ½ģȴ˵ӷѾв½ȥ˱½һȥұ½ˣûƴţ佣̾͸˹ϣҪ̫ˣﱱʱӷˡ
һ¡
佣ֹͣ·У˫ȻѾκζˣʶȴһҪǿ࣬ȳӷ绹ҪǿܸоԲ֮ڵһС
ôˣ
½Ǳߣ˳
ɡǰ˵磬½Ҳôʱ˳硣
һսгģΪҸо½Ǳߣһʮǿҵս⡣
᲻ǳ磿
ʲôЦң˴Ĳľ磬ܱСģѾ﴿ˣҲһ֮ϡ
˵Ҳǣĵ͸ġʱսгǻ᲻ǳĵأ
ϸϹȥһ֪ǵѡ
ֱӳѩǣڳ⿴ʮĳǿߣҼӦòǸոյ﴿ġ
ⴿʲôʱôֵǮˡ½Ǳ߸˳ɹּڣǿߣҷ̽˵ļǴѽ
ӣҿǻǸϽ߰ɡﲻȫ
УˣԵ̫ˡҲߣڣѩǣҪȥӷһѡ
ôˣЩɶǴĳǿߣǵУǾЩϡ
õģӷ绹в񷶦
ƸҪѩǣͻأӶǱ߳˹
ɣݵĳѽҡǴ߲ľѽ
ƶˣⶼʲôѽƽһֵܳ쵹ãһôࡣ
иٽᣬݺʷʫǰͬĳѩǷȥ
һӷ磬һҵģǰǵģһ档죬ǷƼʻѽѩǣҲѵһⳡϷʵ̫ϧˣ


2344 ǹָӷ磡
նĳ֣Դĳ֣ˣȫɢ˿ȵŵˣҲ˿Ŀ
ǳѽһԴǾͻֱͬСըˣֻдĳǿ߲ŵֵסһǴĲ㵽ֵܵ
ˣ½ҲָĽɫԴʱǾͶͬĺͯûκһˣȥġ
ǵΪʲôһ㶯ûУ
ȵĿ걾ǳӷ磬ռƻ˵ɱ˳ӷ磬ǾҪߣȴˣһȵҲȻʶߵ⣬Ȼ֧Ԯġ
ɵڣȵȴһ㶯ҲûУҪˣŻǽ˴磬ת˴ȶû취ˡ
ʱλȵĵһ̫ϳҲѲɣԼҪûҪ
ǵãǻ𣿡
Ѿ֮⣬˳ӷߡ
ȻȵЩѾȫˣһԮûС
ʲôǵȫˣ
ŷŭĲУû뵽ԼȳôˣȻȫɱңǱ˸ˣʶ̫˼ˡҪ֪Уպǵǿߣôô̵ʱȫɱӷˣ׶Щʲôѽ
ɵʱŸûʱȥģۿҪˣɹһɹǱҲ군ˣӽı½ɾˡ
ֹ
ȵ̫ϳ϶ʱ֮䱬еСҲѾ֡
ɲȵ̫ϳϿ棬ԴͽǸŰΧͬ˺Ʋһȵ̫ϳϸ˺˷顣
һĻ˶ʮ鱱ܣ鱱ŷ裬ȫ˵İ֮⣬ûκһ˸ȥġ
ҲʱΨһֹľֻгӷһˣɳӷȴҲһ͸վǣ˭Ҳ˵
ӷҪ֪ʲôˣڰˣҲһصĺܾã˵ݸպ鷳ġ
ңӷڣҵ˶ûг֣ԴҲѾ쿿ˣҲ˵ҵûڲ֮£ҪɢԴǴ˵ΪͱȳӷеĻҪˡ
ھŲ㣡
ӷ̾˿û뵽ȻһھŲĳǿߣ봿۷壬ֻһ֮ңˡ
֪磬رţħǰаۣ˿˭ȷԷһھŲĳǿߡ
ٲֹˡ
ţħѳӷ磬ɳӷ᲻ȥֹأðһѣҵ˻᲻ֻҪһ˶ԷݣպͲᱻˣԷݶûȲ˵Ժ飬ң½Ҳòµġ
ȵȣٿ
Ҳʱ˹ٵˣٵȾҪˡ
ôֻˣ
ˡղڳĳǿ߽ˡ
˵ʲôٸ磿
֮ҵķ̽УļӦڴ߲ľ硣

ӷһһǿߣ߲ģǻ쵰ˣ½ʲôʱ֮Ĵǿߣһһ߲㣬һھŲ㣬ɱȱǼ׷ɱĿѽ
˵㿴ǽǵģΪʲôȴֹˣȴûоǵϢ
Ӧ˰ɡ
أʲô˻ʱܹҪأЩ˾ԲǶϺģϺļǿҶˣҪɱңҲһ̳ġԷʲôͷҵǸֻ᲻һġ
үڻЩӦûһǿߵѰɣ˵ҵǸȫĵˡٲߣ¾ͱˡ
ѽƣ̫̬ٲߣ߲ˡһߣ֮ǰһУɶ׷ˣ
˵ֵܣԷ̫ǿĿǰǵĶ֡˰ɡ
ѽٲˣǶˣ˶̫ˡھŲ㣬߲ģɱȵǿĶѽ֮䣬ܽȫɱ
Сӣٲߣ߲ˡ
ӷҧҧۿҾҪˣֻҪһ֣ž˱ȣҴȣ½
û뵽ѽû뵽;Ȼᷢıصģ湻ģ鱱Ǿ󲻵Լҵĵ̣
˿̵棬ѾԴΧסһ̣֮ڣһǿޱȵͬһĵΧԴһĸƳˡ
նеԴΧתʮ֮󣬽ɢȥնҲڽʧ
ȫʢȻѾ˳ĵһˡ
ؿڣһ⻯ΪǵĴһСֻĵڶС档
ڣתˡӽ쿪ʼң½ߡʲôţЩһʲô
鱱ܲһѶͷϵĴ󺹣ѾȫԼʱ棬ҲҪˣңǸԼҺôҵļһҲһҪۡ
棬һУȫǳӷġɱ
鱱Ҫɱӷ磬ҲǱȵĿģôǴ˿ȻҪһɱ˳ӷ˵ġ
棬Ӣ䣬ǱĻĶ֡ʵһУȫǳӷģҪɱӦɱӷŶԡ
ڵ棬㡣
¡
һ˷츲صĸı䣬С棬Ѿڡ
磬Ǵ˵еĴ磬һתˣȫǿѹסˣǴ
ӷ磿˭ǳӷ磬վ
˿ЦһðɣҲ߲ˡ
һ棬ǳӷĶ֣ŵλиսѩǵλɾͲͬˡ


2345 ţüƣ
Ѿɹ磬ֻڶС棬ӵ˴춯أһŭ֮£ѩǶÿһ仰ÿһ֣Ҳѩǣʲô䣬ʮ
ٽڽѩǺ󣬲ûֱӸңΪֻǸо½˳ŸϹģԭڶ½ڰһ£޷ڵһʱϵԭʼɭ֣½Ǳʲôڳ磬Ǳ½߳ˣȻǲܴˣ
½ٽɲѰԼô򵥣Ҫ½£ог׽½ʵ½ǷʲôԼвĴڣЩ˶ϹͳͳҪɱ
˿̣ٽһ½߳Ѿɹת˴ȻˣٽҲҪ̫ˣҲֻǸյ﴿ˣ˵ݺʷʫᣬ߲ľ磬㵥ǸٽĲ㣬ҲԽԣٽڵȣѩڣǰ˭ǸˣǸٽѩǵĿġ
ɵٽ˸ҪǰʱͻȻһŭøٽһͿʱر侲ӷʱȴҲ޷侲ˡ
ǸļһȻڱ½һѩڣٹӣõĻᡣ
ӷȻҲڣ̤ЬٴѽҪ
ҪֹٽϾӷҪˣ˭Ҳɱ˳ӷ硣ɲỹݺʷʫڸٽеģ֮ҲôƽΪ˳Ϊǰݡ
ٽ캣ƵٵΨһļ̳ˣˣ캣δҲͳΪһ޷ԤľˣǶԼ˵Ǵĺ£ֻҪٽԼ޹أžλҶҲֵܹԼͷ
ݺʷʫûȥֹٽˣҪѵǻɱ˳ӷ磬ҲǳһвˣȴŹ㣬Ƶ㸧ٽӷˣҲͷռ˵ѽں⣬˭Ҷˣӷȴ¸ɱˣʣλȻϳأӷģǸʱ򣬾ӷѾǴΣλѾһλˣڣѾ˵۷ľ磬Ҫ˰ɣ
ݺʷʫ໥һۣ˶һղ̬֮˭Ҳ˵ֻǸ˸ٽ󣬳Ǳ߷ȥ
ͬʱѩǵһƴţ佣ڽѩǺҲûֱȥǱߵսоǿҵսɱڣԴոʧķҲɵֱӳȥģڻûǱߵ֮ǰƴţˣ֪鶨Ȼ򵥡
Լ˳磬һλģеġҲ˵Ǳ֮߳ˣһҲ˵ΪһԼ֮ϣ˿ֱӹȥûκκôġ
ǣƴţ佣ȴʱǱߴһŭ֣֮ȴûƴţ佣ΪԾͬʱҲе˷ܲԡ
˵ûУΧңѾˡ
֪ˣ˵Ǹвǳǵĳӷ繴ᣬԣŻᱻΧ˵ġ
ΧˣǲһɣղԴô£һȫµѽ
ôˣ˵涼ѾˣɵҲȫˣȷһ̫ϳ϶Լ˹ˣҿ׶༪١Ǹвǳǵĳӷ磬Ҳ޻ˡ
ֵϵ˷׷ۣ۵ͬʱȫԼȥڵѩ̫ңָͻ꼰ģǻؼұѰɡ
ƴţ佣ŽֵЩ˵Ļ໥˿ͬʱ˵ҵˣ
û뵽ѽ
Ӧû鷳Ϲȥһ֮
ѽ
ƴţǱһƵģ˿Ȼֹס佣

ǳʱǵõλǰĴУλǰɢԴģҪɹ﴿磬ǵͲܡղǸļһȻɹˣ˵һڰ˻ɣ̫ĶûУҲ˵˵Ϊ϶֮ϣǴ㡣
ǵ㣬佣ΪȵӦûҪ߳١ΣԷԽǿԼҪϸϹȥ
𳳡ˡ
ƴţ佣һԣֻУɹ
һ
ƴţһ۾ͿгҷɹȥˣԼ˸յĴ½ʱں֮ٽǡ
ôҲ
鷳ҪĶࡣһһǸһļ𣬶ȴԶԶ֮ѽ
һѣӣߵӲùѽ
˵Щûã취ôӦⳡưɡ
ƾټˣղ򲻹˵ˡ
ҵһ취
а취Ϳ˵ûʱ˷ѡ
λǰǽǼǸʲôĴҲһѽȻҲ֪ĹʲôãɼȻλǰλô֮ǰļҲȻ򵥰ɡҪǶһѣóĳһˡ
ˣ㵱ǵˣôһôúƵѽ
Ҫһ뵱Ǽ̨ʱɩʦǵʱĶ֣ųڵġ
ǲһڵľǶߵľƣһ㶼˽⡣
Բ˵ҪһѽˣҪ죬ꡣʲô磬ǳģСġ


2346 ܸεĸ㣡
ӷ֪ʱ򲻿վһʲôˣ˼ҶѾҪԼԼٲվԵԼ̫ˣܸⱱ½ãͱϸӲɣӷҲѽ
𲽣һۣǿ鱱ܣӷ΢΢һƲ¶һյЦݣҶ鱱˴Ĵָ˼ڿ佱鱱ܣСӺġ
ò˵һ棬һոյ﴿棬鱱ﻹûѽ֪ӷǴڼģԼǴһ㣬һӷ֣ǶȻҲռκκôġ
ɼȻ鱱ܸ˵ҲĴ㣬Ϊ֪ʲô˶ܳģԼһ˵ӵһٸ磬ҲܳûһѾǴǿ߰㣬Դ͵ֵסҲ˵ڼɹ鱱ܾܿ϶Լң˵Լı󣬻һǿߣλǿ߼Ȼܰ磬Ϊڴ㣬һ㹻ʵӷλүоˡ
濴һͲ޼ɵߵԼǰȵʱ򶼻ҿ϶ǰ˾鱱˵ĳӷ磬Ͼҷ飬֮ǰȻڱչأɶٻ֪һЩģ֪ȸɵ֮ԻʱΧԼңΪһгӷļһԵʡ
巽棬Ѿɹ﴿磬֪Ƕˣ˼ҲԼѾ㹻ˣȥ˵⣬¾Ǳ۷״̬۷£ôǿߵĶѽ
ˣȵڣȫȥʱ˿̣ûнìͷָǣָ˳ӷ磬ⲻǱѩǵĿɱ˳ӷ磬ǼԵĺ£ڱȸҵĹϵ̸֮Ҳ٣ֲɵϣ콫ȸɵͳͳɱ⣬ʲôôưԱҲɱ¾ķɣڱ½ǵһ壬ȫȥģǴȣҲ
ӷȸɵһͷ֮ǰִԲѣҪҵĻʱȻûһ˸˵ˣóӷεҡҡͷͲ˵ôЩˣͳͳķ֮ǰɱҪҪǸġڣ˼ֻһѣǾ³⻹ֻһ㣬ٸ߼ˣЩ񲻶Ҫͷˡ
һһӵķŭ󺰵ӷ磬Ҹȿս˵Ļ㻹浱Լ޵𣿡
޵УڵȻǣҪɱոתСɫ˵ֱһɱġ
һɱǺεȵţӷҲѾ⣬棬һҪݲǲɱ֣˾Ͳ֡
ӷɲΪ汳ֻΪһʱȤģȻȻǶõˣҲκʱɱ档
ӷ㣬ս汳˸һԺ˵ôۣϲһ£϶ˣʲôط
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ôǿ
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ǳǼ׷ɱӷʮ··߲㣬һھŲ㣬˵ʵôۻгӷжܶ죬Ҳ˽ӷ磬ǾԲܵġ
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زصģȫ
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޴һݸը˷飬֮ӰҶĽϡ
ٽᣬݺʷʫͬʱ֡
ӷҲ뵽ȻǴ磬ǰٷ֮ʮλٹˣֻӷȴûֻܿ϶ǣٽһΪȫǴ߲ĳǿߣ
ҵ˭أԭǸٹӴѽôûЩŮ˹
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ӷ磬ұ١
ʲô٣˼Ҳ֪ˣʯٰɣ˵ٹѽԼķסҸˣھȻ˼ҳѽҪģûôҪģĻһ鶹һͷײˣ
ӷ磬㡭
ҵģ鶼Ѿչˡ治֪ʲôڰͻȻͳ˴硣ټҳӷҲҿɣǸʲô棬㻹ǽ㱳˺ǴҺúôһ㣬ҿԺܸεĸ㣬λٹӣָһУǵһġ


2347 С㣡
߲㣬ڻһھŲģӷȻţƲòѽ񷶦Ȼǵʶѽƾġ
ΪƵĺˣȻûۼʶ񷶦ƾӷı֣֤һˣûһ̣㵨ٴپԵʱѽ
ɫҲǴ䣬ʮѿ
ΪԼ˴ӵ˴ڳ޵еĴˣȴϣͻȻϳӷ磬ÿһļ𶼱Լ߳ѽԼһǧɲ˵Լˣӷ֪ˡ
ҲΪ֣˵Գӷ磬֪ʲôͷҲڳӷ硣
ӷ磬ҿûΪϣһǿҸ㣬˵ұң㶼һ
ӷӰһʩչ˳գ֮䣬ͳǰûᷴӦӣѾӷסˡ
һĻҵˣȵˣɵˣٽڣȫΪ֮һ
ôܣոճϴ棬Ȼӷһжֵסǳӷľ磬ҲǴĲˡ
Ǹٽ֮ǰͼӷ磬Ҳ֪ӷʵʱȷǶԼķǸʱҲûǿʵѽ
żʱ䣬ӷȻѾǿˣٽǼܿĳʵǴѽٹӣɻҪ߳һء
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ٽĻĶУ˿̺Ǻڡ
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ȸٽ˵ݺʷʫҲܸٽ˵Ļᣬһ˵ˣὫԼˮģʱ֪˵ЩʲôԼ˵İҲǣҲǡ
ЦȻʸ֪ǵݣ̫ʸˡĴ׹ѽ½˭˲֪˭˲
Ŷ𣡿ҿλ񲢷½˰ɡ

ڳЩȫӷ̫Ҫ˰ɣʲôС½½ʲôʱͱˣ㻹һֱӴ½ɡ
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ݺʷʫ˵ֵ½ֻģҲʶһ½ǿߡ½һǿߣֵˣȻΪеġڳٹ֮ìܣǾ͸ӲòˣôԼȽϺá
ٽ¿ɻˣӷ绹ǰǵʵȻ㡭쵰
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ܣԣ

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ӷ벻ԼҪɱ棬ڵûû˼ڣԼҪɱٽڵˣȻŭˣ
ѵˣٽйϵ𣿻ǸƵйϵ
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ɣô
ٽʱ˾һָݺʷʫˣЦղŵΪǳ⣬ô
ٽҴſڣϹϾӭС㣡


2348 
ӷ벻ѽ֮ڣ汳֮ˣȻһŮˣңһСŮˣ߽һңȴһգһɫ˿£һ񽣣
Ů˵ͿҪȳӷСʮ߰ңҲǸ
üҶӣң֮ˣ֮ݣһǲɫ⻷ۻңһŮ·ļƣһͲǸǵ
ΪҪǣٽƵٵŮǰȻ˵ĹͬݺʷʫᣬŮ˳ֺ󣬶ߵ˸ٽߣ븧ٽһǹĶŮ΢΢ڹ֮࣬Ǻη壬è㣬ָԷһˣͽˡ
ݺʷʫᣬ븧ٽͬģµ֣ǵΪȴȸٽ߲߳࣬ĳǿߣŮǰ͸ƵģôŮ˵ݣӷȻǲĵ
ΪǿС㣬ƺӷ粢⣬ɹںΪǿ󵺡ӷ֪ģһԼռһҶƵ
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Ѿˣһĸֻ˾һӱ˭С
ӷ˵ˣ
ꣿûˡүҰɣǲ񷶦ҲѽҪԼˡ
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ӷҡͷƣ֮ǰƨƨߵģڳˡ
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㡭


2349 СҪϳӷ磡
ѾǱеҸĻƴţһ֮󣬿һС
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ΪʲôҪҵɫôֱɱأ
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ӷһʵ֪ʲôˣ
Ȼ֪ҲΪʲôҲ˵Ҫɱԭ򡣲Ҳɱ㣬û˻ɱ㡣ģɱ㣬ɱ㣬Ǿȫͬˡ

ûҶĶӣҶ˷硣
Ҷ˷磿
ӷ磬Ҷ˷硣Ҷɶ˼ֶҪĻ쵰ڵ磬һҪϷԺɣȨ
Ȼ㲻ɱңҲɱңǾжԶԶɡ½ˮƵñҵҡ
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ʲôûɣһֻ֣˵λʲôʲôСģ˵Ҳͷҵ֣˵㣬ҶҲ첻
湻ģȴûпʱ㣬ҳ֡ݺʷʫᣬҷһֻ֡
ݺʷʫ᱾ǲµģ񣬻С㶼ˣҲòˡ
֣ʵڶԲסˡСǿɲòѽ
𣡻أһǧϼһǧҸˡҪ֣Ǿɡ
Ǿ͵ˣһֻ֣ҲҪ͵ɣպΪʱӭ𡣡


2350 ţѽ
߲㣬˵ʵӷﻹûһв߱ѪԪ֧ţҲв߲ɣҪ涯ɣӷֱӶ˶Ҵſˡ
֣ҲͬѽݺʷʫС£ȲƵһôĵλǸҶ˷ж࿴Уô˵ڵĻǲջصģҲûջصɣϾӷƵǾԵĵжԹϵѽ
ӣֻǿôˣҪǵΪԼĸա
ôۣ׼
ʿôԿƣҪȳӷǿ࣬Ĳ֮ҲССֵģӦòʲôɡ
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Сӣȱ𼱣˵⡣
⣿ʲô˼
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ǳ⣬̳⡣
̳ط֮ǰǰͳߵĵ̣Ҳ˵ǰͳߵ̳ڣɵĲȴûļȥ
㲻˵̳ϲ½֮ԼҲûȥô֪⣿˵ˣǸط⣬Ҳûϵ
֪Ϊʲô̳ǱͻȻһаʶΪǵڰͳߣܺоʶ
Уʶ˼˵̳ˣ
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˵ʶ˵Щʲô
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ռ䲨˼˵֮ţ̳
ⲻܣ̳طλͳߵķӡ֮Ÿͽȥǡ
л˵һﶼҪˡ
Ǻ֮ţֻǵȿռ䲨п̳ܽ
㿪ʲôЦ֮ţʱôܡһ£òңǱ˹˰ɣ
ǵǱߵ˹ߵĺ֮Ҳ̳ѽ̳һĿռģʽںĴ½еһرռ䣡
˿̣ӷҲо񷶦΢һ£𶯣ûر֮ǲܷġ
ô£Ϊʲô񷶦Զ
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һĹ򣬳ӷüĵĽֹͣ񷶦ҲֹͣУ
⵽ô£̳Ǳߺûˡ
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ʲôһͲб£Ҫѵ㱾𡣵ݺʷʫȴû˵ʲôĻʲôˣǶ
ղǻȻǻƴţ˲˵ĳڵġ
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ţ佣ôǣ
磬þòˡôľѽ
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һմӵ˵Ӧֻ϶ľѽôɴˣҿ˵ƣǴĲѽǸٹͬһġ
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ӷ絹˿ôòƴţԽĲҪˣҪʶһ±˵ǿ󣬻أԼһ˲佣ˡ
佣ȻһҲûüΪ֪ô֮ǰ͸ƴţõġ
ӷ֪佣Ը񣬾֪ǶԷĶ֣ҲƴϵģӷȻҪֹˡ
佣Ǵ߲㣬㲻ǵĶ֡˻
İɣǸһ磬ڸպþһ¡

ӷеĪܿͷӦ˹ʵţǲǴӶǱ߹ģ
ûǵطչء
ԭղڶ½Ǳ˾ѽ
ѽǱһʲôĴУͱ䴿ˡ

ƴţ⻰ɲ˵ģ˵ģҪˣһһ¡
ȻǻСһ㶣ȻЦأʲô˸ʲô棬ǼͽŴɣٶһ𴵣ţƴˣǼСҲ͵ͷˡ
ӷ綼ѽԼһʱˣڴ֮ϵļ󾳽ҲѾȫˣһʲôΣӷҲġ
ƴţСӣԽԽˣʲô˵˵ĳڣҪˣҲƵѽ
ţﲻǵ磬ܶˣʱǲǼܴʹһ£򲻹еƶԸǣţƤͱˡ
磬ֵܵѽһƴţиţ֣ʲôʱ򴵹ţѽôѽ佣ǵĵƣҲó֪ǿɲǴţġ佣˵ͷһҲš
ǻƴţ˵Լûţӷ绹治̫ţ佣Ļ
ѵĴУɣ飬Լô


2351 ģ
佣֪λǰԼĵʲôãԿ϶һǣһһһǳǿķԼƴţʱ򣬾Ѿʶĵ˿̣佣Ҫˣϣ䱦Ĳǿ£Ҫˣ治̫ܡ
佣֪½֮⣬ںһ֪Ӳ֪Լ֮ˣҪ½ľﻹҪǿ֪佣Ը˵Ҳ˿ηġ
뵱ʱӷ磬ǳǾͻһ񽣣ʱİ񽣸佣˵Ըͬһޣǰ佣ȴʱİ񽣲֪ҪǿٱĲΪƢԣǵڲϣҲһüͷġ
ݺʷʫվ佣Ķ棬߲ĳǿߣҪɱ佣ĻҲֻ̼飬Ϊ֣ǳӷ磬𣬳ӷҲǱɱĻɫ
ϣЩ벻߲ҲãھŲҲգһ˵ѪＫ޵ʱԵģͲΪҲˣǶ˵ϡ
ӷ粻佣ȥðգҲ֪佣ĲΪǾҪģ˿̣ӷ壬Ѿڽķű仯ȫļ⿪ʼһɫĹâɢôѾ֮ȫͷţһеɻ֮ˣСǼڣɵһ
ʲôδͲĴ½
С˫۽Ķųӷ磬ӷı仯ĵѵСӸͲ࣬
ѽޣԼˣӷ粻ܴϣûа޵Ӱӡı仯ô£
ʱ򣬳ӷüĴһ⣬֮ǰ񷶦ԶʱĽҪǿ࣬ҲûСе˼飬Ϊڳ˴֮⣬ˣǿӷüĴĽġ
ʿı񷶦У⻹ӷͬʱѪԪظ˳ϿֻѪɫ޵ı󣬴ϻĹ֮ȫȫչ˳
дŽ⣬дѪ⣬ˣѾΪʿ˫ɫһӶӷˣѾڰ֮УһֻɫȨȣһŷʽĲװʿϣǳҵھϴ֮󣬱仯Ϊս׸汦顣
죬ӷνǽеĵȫչ˳ҲǱѽԼǵһľ佣ӷв½ˣȴ佣ƴţܵ˺ԼֵܣԼֵͬܣرǻƴţǻԼСӣͳ£Լպôѽѽ
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ô£Ȼ£Ϊȫѽ
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䣬ƴóһֻһֶƴţɲɵĽס⣬һ֣һĳ˻ƴţС
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ڡ
ߣߵô˵
ǡ


2352 ǵĳ⣡
ӷеܨԼοǵƾѽô˵ҪСúøһ򲻹Ҳռ˿ıˣŲôˣǴ۷壬һӷҲĺúôһ£֪½Ѿǰ½ˣвԼҲԼȫϷԼ֮¡
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ʲôЦһŲ㣬߲㣬ƣȻҪˣҲ̫߼˰ɡ
ƴţŻСǼͬʱȥҵ˶һһۣҲǶԴֵ̬ѽˣ˭˭ùȻǵ˶˵˵ģңٸ
Ȼƴţ֪С㲢û̫һҷϣ㣬ӷ֮ǰѾλˣ̫ûãλСҲȥģҵҲ͸С޹ˡ
ˣ
ƴţ֪Լô£˾ˣʵڲѽ
ȻѾˣϽĸˡﻹ治̫ÿ
佣ϹҵͬʱƴţеҲƸ˻ȥһ̣ƴţתͷһۣûж˵ʲô
ӷ˫۽ĿŻСȥķ򣬽»ǹˣԼеûСסû뵽ģͰˣⲻѽ
佣Ǵģӷʵ
ƴţش磬ľǸǴеλǰµġҸղž˵һλǿߣǲŸķ˵ġ

ǰ˵ǿɲһķϹҵģϹŵı־
ϹţΡͳߣ
ӷ籾˵β񷶦ģһ룬ڳ̫࣬񷶦ܣ֪Խ֪ԼԽ
ûϹšүӦúϹģɲһͳߵݣС
ţˡ˼˵ǸŮһΪϹŻţ˵ġ
һϹҵģǸŮ˻ܡټҵģǾͲͬˡͬʱһʱ䣬ԭѾʧǿȴͬʱ֣ⲻòǸŮ˶롣
ӣ컹ǰסˡͳߵһ֣Ϊͳ߻ţҲһ֪Ǻʷϵͳߣǿɶ磬ǴھŲ֮ǰǰ͸ʲôǣˣˡ
ӦþˡܿͻᷴӦģӦֻ֪ͳߵģʱɱԿĻǡ
ȻˣǾһе׼ɣҾ͵ɱˡҲʶһ£ǸҶ˷磬һô
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ƴţ˵磬ҽ黹ǸϽɨһսɣǻкҪ㡣
Ҫ£ƴţ˸粻ãʲôҪѽǳǵǱߵ顣
áϸ㶨
ӷ˿Աȵţ˵ģҽǲɱġȥλ仰ҳӷ磬ܿͻȥȰݷġ
ûɱɳӷ磬պһ޴вŻġٲߣԼҲ͸öѩˡ
ֲɵϣʲôʱʲôҲܳΪȵĵһ̫ϳˡ
ð¡պǾĵˡ
ʲôĵˣǱȵѩʱѾҵĵˡΪҲ֪ǱȵܹǳģܿϧƾЩˣҵѶܽǸˣɱңֱǰΣûء
ɫһû뵽ӷ֪ĿģҲö˵ʲô˫һȭһɽģˮ˼תˡ
ЩˣȵŶˣȻܼղҲӷ緭Ǹ涼Թ˲ϾˣûʱԸԼЩˡ
鱱ܣ֮飬͵ɡһ
˵Ͻߣ߲ˡ
ӷûȥܵ巽Ҫ߿ߣȴⷽȽҪΪݵأСٹҲҪ̫ĵˣ
ʵ첢ǳӷ½ĵһսҲ˵ӷ½ĵһսûʼҪģҲǺˣӲңҪ½Ҫ򣬾ʹƬ¡
һӷ綼úЦ鱱ܵı飬ҪѿжѿôҲ벻ԼղŵǾ仰Ѿı˳ӷҵӡ󣬽ҪңҲлˣֻǳӷһӰˣʱ꣬ʱܶ
棬鱱ܡڶҶ֣ߺȲߺúģ
鱱˵㣬ԼǰֻССϣ˵һ仰·һ
үղСӲԣӦöֵģʲôãǿѽ
ţνʶʱΪܣ⻰Ұǰ·þƺò׼ţҵȿҵĳ⡣


2353 ﻮ
ȫվڴԺڣЩսˣʬѾҸɾˣѩǣҲѾõϢϢе룬Ҳ谲ȥģͶȫǵ˵巽ϱڣȫԼҸˣҳŵ˵ʱ֮ڣѩǲٷ̫ĶҡȻ˸Ҽҵ⣬³ġ
ԣѩǵ˶Ųɵģԭܼ򵥣ǵȷˣȷʵû𣬵һ㣬֤һˡ
û뵽ҾȻǿ˵زȣû취ѵⱱ½Ҫ˵һһ涼ˣɱǱߣȴ˱չأȵľƸҵľƣպ˸ת
̶һʱ䲻ѩǴ𣬵Щԣֵõ֤ʵûκһ˸ȥɵģҲ˵Ųɵġ
ԣҿ˵ռһ޴ıˣˣֻҪҲǶպķչʹȶĻڲ˵ɾͲˡ
鱱ҪճĴɱӷ磬ûɱɲ˵汳Ҳˣʱʱٳӷɱ֣һ仰Ҳ˵ѽʶӷģ˿ٴԳӷʱﶼûס
鱱ܵ鷿ӷˣ鷿ڣͳӷ磬ƴţ佣ˣһƣڿҵֻҪ˸˭ɱ⡣
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ƴţ߳ӷ󣬳ӷ綼ԼĶ䡣
֮ţûе϶ǰȥģǺǿ֪ģ·һѽ
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ʧˣȴûʲô˼һû˵Ϊ֮ŻԻġ
ɼȻ˵ˣһĵѾͷ֪ģ겻ͳڳˣû˿Խ͵һ
ˣʵԽܣΪ֮Żܻġ
磬ЩҲûãҿ취ǰɡû磬ǹǵȥˡ
ҲֻҪˡϽҵȥҿϣ磬ǵΪ˺Ĵ½һãǾ·һ
˶٣ӷʵˣ˵˵ôģ
ƴţԼĴ½ľ˵һ£ӷ󶼸е˼飬һ治һĺãУͬʱˣҪɢԴĻҲǵɵľѽ
ģϹҵģ
ӦǰɣλǰϹҵˡ
ˣϹŵõܣȻԻڣǲ˼顣
֮£ǵ磬ǲܻôõġƴţ˵ǸˣȻͻôã̵֪ģΪеĳǶЩֵܵһ˼ħһսһǻѪǸʱΪϹҵһӣȴûвμһսȻʧģΪɭ֮в֪ʱչҲֱӳ磬ħһսһܻôꡣ֪ϹѾˣʱѾôãͲκλȥƴţ佣ָպʱϣǻԵɺϣȫ˻ƴţˣΨһҪֻҪƴţ˵ʱӭսħʱϹҵš
ʲôħ飬ǲǺλǰҲûϸ˵£ʲô
ӷ翴佣˫Ѿʧ˫ۣ˿ʵ佣۾
㲻õҡȻʧȥ˫ۣҵʶǰǿû˫ۣҲġ
ţҲоĵʶһҪǿ󣬼ȻҾͷˡħѾ֪ˣҾ͸ǰɡ
ӷ˵һ飬Ҳ˻ƴţ佣УԼһҲУ֮˵һħħв񷶦ǰζ顣
˳ӷĽ֮佣ʵ˵ĵˣħħˣ
ûռBOSSħ֮ǰǻǿĵˡ
˭
ҶҶ˷磬ǸӣҶҰֵĵˣҲΨһһܸҰִƽֵ۷ǿߣҰˣռݺһ
ӷ˵һºоǳǰһǧ굽Ĵ½顣
ǲ˼飬ʱոҲһǰһǧꡣңҶҲǹ̬ģȻԸɸƽ֡
һǱԵҵģģʽģʲôҪ£Ҹǻûȣٻ󲽡
Ҫʲôʱܵű䣿
ҪҵΪ֮󣬻Ҫ߰˲ϣлű䣬
ƴţ˵ľǱҪȽ½£֮ʸ뺣ԿңǱߵ֪Ĵڣ˵Ǹʲôң׷ɱ㣬ɱȽ鷳
ûʲô鷳ģ½֮ʵڲУǾͼһһ˭ģȴ˵
佣˵ΪѽڵΪʵˡղǼҹƶǺͷǵΪȶǸߣرǸŮˣھŲ㣬ǼֱǱ̬ǱǸҶ˷磬ҹٵĵɵľɡ
ȲЩ±Ҫġ޵ǱʱģǱǽ֮ǰ£޵һǾûˣ


2354 Сİţ
С˳ѩǣûԶѩڴôãͳһ棬䵽ʧɱϾǻʱģСҪҲܱ˱ˡ
ٽΪӷȥĹϵ侲ѾӰڵһҪɱ˳ӷ磬Լķ֪ķѾӷƵҩõˡ
С㣬Ϊʲô˳ӷ磿һ൱õĻѽӷǼһ̫ƻΣ´ξͺˡ
ٽǱʶѾӷ統һΣҲվԼΪ׶νӷ統ΣٽĵҲΪ뵱ʱӷ綼ǣŶõʱѽѾǴˣٶȣֱͲܰ쵽ġ
óӷ緢չȥ׳ͬΪ֪ᷢչһôľ磬Լ˵ɲǼ£Ҷ˷˵Ǽ¡
С˸ٽһۣȴû˵ʲôΪСҲѾʶ˳ӷ˵Σգ˵¹ӷЩ˾Բܶӷοǳӷ粻ǵӴ󣬶ţĻԴľ磬ȻҸҽоһ㣬ԳΪһ޴ĺˡ
ȻˣΪʲôӷҲȥвѽǱߵѾȫȶ½߱ӷռˣǾͽǿǡ
Сһֹֻ֣סٽҪ˵ˣԼȴ˵᲻֪ӷв֮ǲġڸղţҲֱɱΥҲԸܳͷѵû𣬸ӷһһͬʱóϹҸҵģڵ꣬ĵĳֿǼ˵ģϹŸƣǺǵĽɫǵΪڵѾ磬Ⱦ磬ʥǵ֮⣬ûܵеġ
С㣬ϹŸƣǺöǰ½ͳߣǲѾ𡣡
˭ǵʬ壿ûأǸղųأǸôӦ
ݺʷʫ˵ûɾʹˡ½ǰ漸λͳߣɶԿѽôһûĻ֮⣬ܵеġ
ҲŽ뿪£ᡣȻֵֻϹҸҵģϹŸƱ˲ûг֣Ҳܱ֤ѾˣֻţϾͻȥ
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ڡ
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С㣬ʥŮڲȻǵˣ
ûǰͰźõģ㲻Ҫʣ˵ȥͺˡ֮󣬷ҵƣڲȻġ
С㽫һɫƽݺʷʫ
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ٽ͸ţʲôҪʱ֪ͨҡ
С㣬һţ
ôˣ
²ӷڵΪҸߣһҪ뿪ѩǣҲֵסѽ
ģʱھӷҪߣҲΪݵأ˻ġ޵ǱҪ죬ɲҪȳӷң˱ܹ֮Ǿ̫ˡ
С㽫鰲ź֮Ҳûʱ˵ʲôҪģʱ䣬ڳӷ֮ǰһж׼ãҪĵȻǽϹҸĳֵȥҶ˷硣
Ҷ˷磬һƵĴҲǳӷĵ֮һһҶԻĹ֮ͳģڵΪߣԻĹ֮ͳ֮ˣΪǿ֪ģǳӷľ޴вһˣǳӷҲپ޴Σ


2355 ɨ
ҿڣһңͬһȴߵ̣ңһбУģһˡ
ԳӷĴ·˵ǾԲҾģ֮ûκжƴãԼҶڳӷ绹һãǾͬСһԼһõļֵûУҲܰԼ磬ЩԼӵе磬ȫλ͸Լġ
˵С粻ͣͣɾʹڣȴӷסˣʣλСʹ˰ԲĶĸװ׸˼£ҲΪţҲҪԳӷżֵͬʱҲҪԻСǱߵʱɱܵУҴɣô꣬᲻ɾףȴǺΡ
ϣΨȥʱܿϧ棬ңԳӷСʱѾȫʧȥƣҲǱ½ĵһˣʱٱŵΣ
ڣڸô죿ӷɲǸǵ֮ǰ֣ǱѾˣһŹǵġ
鱱ҵļǰҲһ˺üձ㣬鱱үүүүүү
Ȼ鶼ѾչزңѾû˿·ˡȲ˵ӷԺĻС㣬ǱģҲҰݵġ˵ҸͲҪηģ½
˵ڵ˼˵ǸŮˣǳӷ磬ǻҪȶԿġҪȶԿǾ͵Ǹ½ԿǸʱҾҪ½ѹǳӷ磬ǸŮˣһңֱӳְǵģͷǻҪԼ
˵ͷѾͷȻ֪ԼҷչزҲ޼ˡ
˵ûµʱ־ˣһңңΪ½ˣȴû˿ѡ񡣡
ѡеģǾҪôѡˡ
˿̣ӷƴţ佣Ѿҿ֮ڣҲ˽ƾվ˿ſڣûн룬·ΪһԹߣ
鱱Ҫģסӷ磬ɲҪΪ֮ǰ飬óӷԼ뷨Ǩŭҡ
ȻѾչһĳҲûʲô˵ˡң£ÿһ˶ԸΪõĹߣֻϣܸһ·
ӷЦһ˵˵ʵղ˵Ǿ䣬鶼ģҽλɱҵʱ򣬶ңҾѾʧȥҪõ뷨
һµˣߣСڵġӦú֮ǰΪԱҲò˵ڣѾֻҪһˣȫҶûΪҵμڵ棬Ҫȫÿһ˵㣬ϣס
ƴţЦһ˵˵˰죬Сֱ˵ҳҲСˣҳĻ쵰Ϊ˵ͬĿģ͸˵һˡ
ƴţ˵ǸˣȻľء
ľǻ쵰Ȼǳǰĵӣɲò˵ӷ绹ֳƺĹϵ۵ǰ޹أ޹أֻľظӷ֮Ĺϵ
ʵƴţ˵⻰Ҫҵףһңӷ绹ûҲ̫ԼһˣҪʲô˼ǻûǸʸ
鱱̾˿˵λү˵ûңȷûǸʸǾ˵˵Ҫʲôɣ
ƴţ˵ӷ˵Ҫʲôڻʱ仹磬ǿģ޵ҲôʹġҪǵǣڴ֮ǰû½ֹ½˶֪Ĵڣȴ˹ѵֻΪ治ɡ
ӷ᲻֪ǻСˣȻóӷùģһҪ鷳ģ޵Ҳ˳µ飬޵ѾܵĹϵҪ򱱲
˼ǣҪǶԿ޵
ǶԿ޵鱱ܣҲλԼ̫˰ɡңȥ޵Կǻڻˡҳӷ䲻ںһңں½ԣûҪΪҵĲˬ½ݡ
㵽ô
˵ҪڻҪ֪ǸС㣬ʲôˡ棬ɲҪң㲻֪ݣ
˵µûҵȷ֪ݡƵҼС㣬лɯɯѾʮˣʮȫҲнĳɾ͵ġ
ɯɯƵҼС㡣
ûɯɯҵ𣬾͸Һ֣ȴû˵ǻҼƵκ¡
֪ݣֻҪõһ߰ˣܽƵǼ㡣㺣֣Ҳиס
⣬һ֪Ǳ֮⣬ڶǵţЩˣȫǻҼ쵼һڶ߻ֻҪǻҼһ£½߻ͻ̱⡣ɯɯڱѡӦǱȵģɱǸŮ̫ӲɯɯŮ˻ỵ£ԲŻѡҵģֱңȴʱҴȣΪǻҼá
ҴȣӷһģȻѡңҲֻķ򻹲ֱӴȵע⡣
ΪʲôĴ½϶ǵˣв½ȴûУ
˵Ļв½ǸûڹҲΪˣ벻в½һһֱ֣ƻǵĺ¡
ǵĺ£Ϊ½
ѵ𣿡
ӷЦһû϶˵ʲôΪӷ֪Щһ½ΪѰһģǼԼ񷶦֮һԼ
һᣬ֮ڣڣڣڡżңҡȫҿס֮ٿǽҷһʲôλϣߣֱµ
֮ڣɣһ֮ôܣ
ӷҪʲôɨ


2356 Ҷ˷紫
ɯɯνҶ˷˷˿Ƶʱ͸ͽҶ˷磬ǸʱҶ˷类ҶŽƵΣյĵطǸطҲƵǿ߾ۼ֮أɯɯǸطֻǸСɫˣȴлҶ˷磬Ҷ˷ԸֲֶͬνƵǿΪ£Ǹʱ𣬻ɯɯͶҶ˷ĵĳݣ»ɯɯѾˣҶ˷꣬ҲĸԸĸҶ˷硣
Ҷ˷翴лɯɯΪɯɯΪ˵ƵڻҼ壬ɯɯһ۵СɫһվԽĨɱֻΪɯɯҶ˷Ƿҳϣҳ֮࣬Ҷ˷ҲԽɯɯƵΣͷȥڻңɻɯɯȴκεԹԡ
飬ɯɯҶ˷ϹҸĵĳ֣һʲôĻǶҶ˷罫Ĵƿкġ
ҶѾչأƵһУȫҶ˷֣ĳ˵Ҷ˷ɱӻҪŵĶ࣬ҪҵԼռΪУռ½ͬʱҶ˷绹ڲ߷ǱߵνĲ߷ǲ߻ǱߵңҶ˷ȡ档
Ҫ߷ǱߵҶ˷Ҳòֹӷ磬Ǳߵ˲֪Ҷ˷ȴ֪ġ
Ҫ½չҶ˷ôܻĿŶܣԣѰԼͬʱѹסӷ磬ҲΪҶ˷һĿġ
ɯɯʮǰͱҶ˷½ˣǸʱҶ˷ͲҲʮ꣬ǰСͣѾδѣ֪ǸҶ˷磬治Ǹõ
Ҳ֪ǲɺϣӷÿļȫͷԸֶͨĴڣǰиľأʱ̸ӷŸɣֳһҶ˷磬ܳӷߵʲôطûѽ
ɯɯճ½ȴ˸ֹ
ֹɯɯģһŹߵˣһĺ£һͲǸöǸɯɯһġ
С㣬ڱ½ʲô
˼ȻֹܹɯɯһҶ˷磬ɣضҶ˷ˡ
ҵ˭أԭǹʹߡʹߣҸҪƵȻ㣬Ǿһͬȥɡ
ƵҿͲˡ
ΪʲôҿкҪҪġ
ڻȥҲΪѾƵˡ
ʲôƵѵѾȥ½
뿪˺Ĵ½κȥˡ
ʱȥκ֪½Ǳ߿ɷ˲ٴѽ
Ȼ֪ҲΪʲôԭѾ֪Ϲĵ飬Ҹ㣬Ϲҵģ㲻Ҫһ£ϹŸˣֻˡ
ɯɯƽƽỳҶ˷ĻȻҶ˷Ѿ֪£һѾжϣԼҲͷˡ
ӷ½ǱҲһ㶯ûУʱҶ˷ȴ뿪˺Ĵ½е˵ȥɡ
ɯɯ֪Ҷ˷飬κ˶ȥֻʵʹʹߣ֮ǰûʲôԸ
ȻС˵ˣ½úøɣ½һ㣬ʲô£ʲô֮ǰһΣǧҪʧźã򣬻ҼΪƵһ壬ɻҼȴֻɯɯ
ɯɯɫʱһ䣬ڵ꣬ԼڻҼֻǸСɫΪǵλòҼͬԴӸ֮һвı䣬ڶΪҼһεļһУɯɯ֪ģڸһеͬʱԼһ㣬һҲ뿪˻Ҽ壬ܰȥȥˡһԼ߳⣬λҲȻֱӷԼǸʱԼĶǴ磬ͻ֣ǾԱԼǿĶƳ֡
Ҷ˷ڻҼһţҼļĳԱû壬ֻΪҶ˷ݸֶΰҼļԱҲö˵ʲôԿ϶һǣڻҼ˵Ҷ˷õģԲܽһɯɯĶ磬Ҷ˷Ϊս
ԭ˵ΪսǲӦñӵģӦð˵ǰҶ˷粢ûа³ƣǽ󽫸ҲҶ˷ڲͬĵط򲻵ѣҲԲὫĵģʱڳӷ֮
ӷһУҶ˷֪ܾͰ񷶦ڣҶ˷Ҳ֪Ҷ˷һУӷȴǺ֪͵Ҷ˷罫ӷ֮Уʱأܸӷһ
ǣףһʧġ
˵Уӷ˭ܶɳӷȴչĴ½ôģ֮ҲҪôġ˵Ӧװɣ
Ұ²ӷˡģҲóӷٷչһģв½Ҳһ¡
仰Ҿͷˡ˿㣬ҲֶΡˣҸûȥˣ㣬Ҳǲ㵢񡣺úȥɰɣֻҪɵĺãҼ壬ģĴ㣬Ϊֻˡ
ǣϾͻȥɢӷһ
һ¡
ʹ߻ʲôô
˵ˣܵģֻǻҼ½Щ
ɯɯɫ΢΢һ䣬ӣǲԼû̫ȨԼԼʱ򣬼϶ƬСĻӷûзչĿܣ
ʹЦһ˵ҲҪ̫֮࣬ţǲʲô¶̫ˡĻ䣬ǲȥֹӷ磬ѾӷŪˣΪӷɲеô򵥣ʥӣȴûеõʥĴУŽĳɾͣĶԼӷСӣǱߵȥ򣬵ӷ־紵סĺݽɫĻǰһžͱˡ
ɯɯû˵ȴ˺ܶࡣ
û뵽Ȼӷ˸ߵۣӣԼ̫СǼһˡ
ηر½Ҫÿ


2357 ֣
߿ɲ飬뼯еȫҲΪǱչʲôͻȻжӷɲñȽ½ȫ£Ҳ׵ġ
ʵʱѾ·ˣӷһϵƣһͽüΧˣνʸ֮ģԼˡ
ӷȻҲ֪һҵɵһ⼸ͻǰ׼ӭҵĵһеĻֶΣҸֲԣӷڻҪҵʱǲʲôģ
ȻµľѾԽԽˣƵ˹ȲҶӣǻҼ壬͹óӷһˣԣӷڱҪԼΪ𣬿ҪΪĿǰӷļ˵չ𲻵κεãַֻȶǿһϵ޷ϸߵļΨ磬ܽΪϸߵĲΡ
Ǳ߲ǻмǵҲǲٵģЩǳӷõԴΪԴ
ҹ˾ʱ򣬳ӷֱ뿪ңһ˵ڣһĿ꣬ǵڵ档
ŵڵ֮󣬲ûţɲɵϣΪһʹ˰ݣһģȻѾȷҲȻڱһж֮ǰԼڶ֡
ϣȷѾˣҪϹȥһˣĹѾ˶ԸҸӷķ
ںɽڳ̽սӵǱߴĻõڵ̹ȥһˡ
ʱһڵȥ˱ȣɱɽһ˵͵ֵסҵĳɱ󣬵ھͽˣ
Ѿʱˣѵ㻹Ҫӱȵɣ
ѾĴ㣬ڱǱߣںǲм
Ϻǻлԡ
̾˿ҵһսԼǽ½ľƿʮȲ˵ӷЩˣҳһѾǱܹԸˡ˿ӱȷĵǲȥԸҵĻǺǲġ
ѾˣȻǴȥгӷұ֮Ҳӷ˸ˣһƬúɽ֣֮
ϣѵǾҪľ½װ͸Ҳɣ
ڲңҲֻһõĴڡµǳӷ硣ѾûκαǮӷԿˣһûУʣʲôȥӷ綷
Ǹô
ܼ򵥣ȫ£Ͷ³ǡѾ³ǱϵˣǱߵҲԸǵͶϡֻҪǽȥ³Ǳ߾ͻʽķţΪ³ǵ
ϵĻǳϣû뵽ȻҪ½Ͷ½ѱʲô𣬻Ǵѱġ
Ϊڵ뷨ȫͬ˵ϣǿǱѽʲôȥڣ
ϻҾڣҶ㻹ԥʲô
УҼͬⱳѱ½ҪȥԼȥɣǾԲȫͶ³ǵġ
ϻе꣬ҲԸūҲ˵쵤Ͷ³ǣǾ͵Ǳ˵ڵڣҪ֪½֮䣬ǵжԵĴڣ໥֮䶼뽫Է̲Ϊʵܣ
Ҫ췴ˣ
ϣҪ췴Ǳ飬ҶģȫͶȣҲһüͷģϾڵľƸǰͬˡɲôôǱ½ڲ⣬ûϵ
Ҫ룬ңѾӷסˣӷ粻Ҳв½𡣡
ⲻһңҵǵڡԸӷ߹Բᱳѱ½ġ
ܺãȻ˼Ҳǿ㡣ڣͽλýɡ
ʲôϣɲһ˶ģǿģ˵Ͼͷϡ
ǵڳϣʦֽڵλߵĴڡҪһҲһ仰¡
㡭
ϣȻͬͶ³ǣ㻹ϻʲô㲻֣Ͱɡ

һ£ɫޱ䣬Ȼת֮ͻȻصһƣԼı
ۡ
³һѪˣ˵ϣ˫Ŀ͵ϮԼ֮ˣһӣһ£һѳɢɱ
ǳӷˣȻһϳ˵ݣвǳǾĵ񽣡
û뵽ôþͻָ˹ǰȻǴ³ǵģһʲôʱ½ˣ
ԭ͸½ᡣԵ𣿡
Ƿŭʱ֮ǰ˵ҪͶ³ǣΪһʱ£û뵽͸ˡ
磬ǸƢʱˣ½Ѿûˣǳӷĵк޵ĻʱĽȻʱֶ͸Ϊң̫ʧˡ
ĳʣ˵ĻͲ˵ˡ磬һΣͶͶϣ
ûĻӦв½ǳǵİ񽣰ɣ
ǰǣڣˡ
û뵽ǳǽ񣬾ȻҲͶ˱𷽣ǳҲһˣȻɵĳ¡
²ףв½Ѿӷռ죬ӷ粻죬ѦұӷֻͶлñ


2358 һ
ϸвţͶ³ǣɾ·һ
ʱڵڵǱߣҲ顣
һĴɱѾ˺ɽѾɱ˹
ʲô£
˫۳Ǳȥ棬Ѿ
һɱˡֽҵΣѵ㻹Ҫ˹ᣬɱɣ
һ£˵񽣣³ǱҪҴ쵤ȫȥͶϵģһ˹ȥһҩʦҲֻΪ³ӵҩ޷㿴¡
ţǾȽҵɱ˰ɡ粻ڲԸͶ³ǣɱ֮ҲͶģһˡ
ǺãҾһ̡
Ϊȡ³ǣʲô鶼ĳ㣬ҲǾŵģǸôˣǰ죬ڣѾĺˡ
磬ɲҪңҪ֣͹Լʶ̧١
񣬾ҲŹͽġ
Ļᶼûˡ
ɣɱң־ְɡ
ȥɡ
ৡ
˿
ͻȻһĽһ֮ǿǾԵֵסġ

ҲʱǵĽһ𣬰񽣵ǰѳֱӱˣҲȥýڷ
ǿĽߺˣ
ͬһ£һѳӣڿնվһʯ֮ϡ
񽣿ǰֵǿߣԵĽǿߣºǳԾ
½ʲôʱһǿĽǿˣⲻѽΪʲôԼǰû˵
㵽ʲôˣ
˫ۿǰᣬ˫ȴǱŵģκζȻǾ͸ɴཫ˫۸
һϹӣûһϹӣȻӵǿһԼ彣Ͷˣ֪ԷûжģԼѾǸˡ
ҵ˭أԭǰѽ
һӰڿնˣǳӷ硣
ôĿ湻ģҸɱȴѾ˺ɽ
ӷ磬㣡
񽣴֮࣬ѾҪ˵ĳ嶯оӷԶԶԽԼ⻹ǳʱǸӷ
񽣣ã֮ˣȴû뵽Ȼ½³ǡ
ӷ磬Ѧ֮ұҪֻͶ㱨𡣲ȻˣҲͲٵˣҰ񽣣ҪѦű𡣡
񽣣ģҲԳ񽣡񣬵һˡ
佣ֻǸСɫûʸΪĶ֡ɣҵĿ꣬λڵĳϡ
һӷĿԼ˵뷨ɲǴǿߵĶ֣Ҫһ֮ڣԼͻᱻɱġ
ӷ磬ɽģծ
ôãܵ𣿵𡣡
ǿѪ⣬ںɽ
ҪˣȴûˣǼʶӷģʱǳǵʱӲȥǿ֮ţ֮ˡ

񽣣ǵ磬˵ʵһ濴ϡ佣ҪǾ͸ˡ
ǵ磬Ҳûôֱ˰ɡ
ˡλڳϣ磬ҽߣ
ԭע⡣Ҫҵ磬ɣ
Ȼ֪ǾͲҪҶ˵ʲôˡ
ʲô
񽣶ԼĶ䣬ǲë㣬ǲ˵ӷѾǴĳǿˡ
ǰ֪дȴڣǺ³ǣ֪ġ
û뵽⴫˵еĴȻۼˣһǳӷ硣
ӷ磬ҵڲԸⱳѱҲΪõġҵڵͽǱ½ͽܽҵڻǸʲô³ֻϣܸһᣬɱͽ
ӵվһǱߵѪ˫ۺݺݵĿϡ
ӷ绹û뵽ǵھȻԼ˴ˣȻǾǴʹɣҲĶˣԼĵ֮У˭ҲܲˣӲܽҡ
ãҸᣬֽǵڵͽڰ񽣣죬Ҳܻ뿪
ӷ磬ҼȻԿһ֮ţǾͿԿڶΡ
Ŷӣ³ǣǸ㲻ٺôģҪָܻ߰㣬Ȼôͻָ˹Ǻãһο֮ŵĻҾͷȥԲ㡣
񽣻湻ֵģһο֮ţȥ˰³Ǽȥˣ죬Ҫ֮ţҪȥӷ絹뿴һΣ³ǣ᲻
ӷ磬Ҽסһ죬һɱġ֮ţ𡣡
佣ҪľۼеͿ֮ţ
ӷҲĿܣȥ׷Ϊɱһ嶼ûУǵ磬һ˵³ǱҲƵǾð񽣹ȥŪ磬ʱɱ磬ھдǮһʱһȡ


2359 յڣ
½Ϊ½أӷ粢û½غϲһҲ˵㽫ӷͳһ½Ҳһ֮ȥƿ½أҪ˷ֱȥ
ƴţЩӵģӷûȥκһӲὫǸɢ׾ͻ˵˵İУصĴۣ˵ˣƴţǶ½˽⣬˽ƲõҲѾˣԣӷҪѡߣͱǵѡˡ
в½½Сһ飬ǳӷĵطǱߣһ˼Ѿ㹻ˡ񱱲½ֵطȴͬ࣬в½һеģĳкܶ࣬ҪȥУһܵһӷҳֱͬʱҲ໥ƺ⣬һ󣬵³Ϊӷĺ֮ǡ
£ҷ棬ǲܳΪӷѡĶģеһ˾ͲͬˣҲǳӷ˵ģ
裬ǳӷҪˣȴҼ̳˵ȥУҪһìܲУҲǳӷΪʲôҪڵҪԭ򣬼飬ϷˣͳΪ˳ӷڶ֮ˣ
ֻҪڵڴɱһͨ´𣬽ųӷٰ罫ϸͬʱȥֹڵڵɱ¾ǸʱǳӷƱ½ʼ
Ϊǵڳһͽҳȫ㡣
֪粻ϵĶ֣ӷҲܷ̫ľڵϣԣӷԵϸѹסʹˣٶʱҲһ˲ˡ
磬ѵʦ治ɣ
ʱĻˣû뵽ӷʱ֣Ұ񽣾Ȼ֮ˣҪɱԼӷ绹˵ʲô˵ԼϾҪߵͷˡ
ΪҵڵĳϣڵڵݸλҸ߳üȴΪһ֮˽Ҫѱ½ѵڣͶ³ǣˣžдŹġ
磬Ҫ֪ɱңͻᱳʦ˸Ͳ֪飬ǧҪӷˣҪͶΪ˵ڵδ
ӷЦһ⻹ˣԼʲôû˵ѽǵڲ飬ԼʲôϵҽҲֻǶġ
ɳӷһ仰Ҳ˵뿴Ϊ˵ڣܵһôĵز
˫۳Ѫ˿֪ģ˵䲻ģΪ˵ڣʲô鶼ɵĳ˵ˣһȽҵˣ֮ǰԼĵ򶼲ܣͽ˱ȵȥԸңõڵõȵıӣΪ½ĵһɣҲͲ֮λˡ
䵽ǾԲŹѱ½õڱǧģһҪɱϣҲҪɱϣǵڵڽ
磬㡭
ٷϻ֮ǰӦĵô³ȥɡ
粻ٷϻֱһƾͳϵͷȥ
С档
ɱҵģ˭˭
ӷͻȻֹ֣סϵС棬һС汻ˣСڵҲ군ˣǳӷ粻͵ڰæһ
ɲ֮䣬ӷ罫ϵȫ˹ͬʱϵС棬һͬȼ
Ѿ飬ǱѾڴɱˣ֪Ѿ죬ܴӳӷѣҲֻܿŵڱˡ
Ϊһ֮ʱȴʲôˡڣԲǣûڵ˵Ǿ˶˰ɡ
һ־һһ̣ҪԼͷˡ
ӷԵϵС棬߸磬һֹסɱ
ϡһ壬֮Զ
𡣡
ӷЦһѽ磬˲ѽһжᡣ
ʲô˼Ҫѵ㻹òɣһҵ磬Ҳ𡣡
ǵ磬һûȻȻõġ
ӷ磬ҵڸһƣĸԸˡҵȫˣҲԲġ
йܶʱ̫ӲǼ¡˲ϲӢۣӲмȥһӢۣΪҶԣӢۣ硣
㵽ʲô˼ӣɱҲνӢ۲ռߡ
㣿㻹治䡣ֻҷƽƽΪҪ㣬ȥƺ⽫½һͷǾҵ衣
ʲôң
˵Щϻˣǰɱ䣬Ϊѵ뵤ڶĻҵһȨҵӣƣ٣ڻܼȥ
ūҸ£Բܡ
ȻˣҲû취ˡ߰ɣҴȥǵڵˣôģôһһǰģǣֻһ仰£ȴҵ뿴㣬ʲôȥǵڵڡ


2360 ɱ¾
ҵȷɱǰ棬һ·һʬ嵹ڵϣ⣬˵Ѫɺӣ
ڿǹϵԼҴʱ̣費˿ĵԥеĵÿ¶һһȥС棬һ
ڵȫˡеɱߣ·һ
һ֮磬Ůк̬֮ǿҵɱ˭ֻҪ˵һ仰ǶΪĵꡣ
鱱ܣ鱱ŷȫں棬һֵĺûᣬֻҪֺˣܱסҡ
裬һ췴ѽҸƴˡ
ৡ
һȥ۾գģֱӾͽԼļڵӸ롣
˵һ飬ڣѾ군ˡڵı½ҲѾǱȵˣΪֻԼùʱ򣬱ȵ˺ڣûǡҸǣӽ쿪ʼңв½ˣڳ¡½Ҳûˡ
޳ܣƴˡ
ʱ򣬵Ѿ·ѡˣܶҲѾекܶӲܵ裬Ҫƴġ
ȫס֡
ӷѺ˵Ĵſڣʱ˿̣ѾҪɱȥˣڶڳӷ绹ã͸һãӷ粻潫ڸˡ
Ȼ磬õڣҲǳӷʱģ˵ģⷽ棬ȴǳӷö˵⣬֮ǰ֮⣬ӷ绹벻ⱱ½˭ΪԼãһõĵϵġ
ڵĺɽϵ磬û뵽ȴӲͷҲ³ӷˣĲУǾӲģƢҪӲв㲻뱣ס㵤ڣѱ½㶼˼ӲȥԿϣŵĵһΪʱҲӲˡ
ҵ˼ӷ絽ˣȫóһ·
λ˭Ҳǲ˵˵ȫҪ˭㵽ѽ
裬ɱʹˣҲ͸ˡ
ӷ罫мλö˹ȥһ㣬һ类ݺݵ˵ϡ

ʦ𡭡
ںܶӼ类ܣһңǱһϣϣǵģû뵽类ӷˣӣҲ׶༪ˡȻЩӲ֪ɽ飬֪ϲǱ˵ڣѾˣƺܶӶɱĳ嶯
鱱ֵӷ˵ְɡ
ӷ翴һۣһֺ־壬ȴҲһ仰Ҷ˵ֻǺˡ
ǣɱҵڵӣҪҵҸƴˡ
磬ⶼʲôʱˣͱϹˡ
һϹ֣Ѫĳ嶯
ܵҵɱôӣȻ˵Ϲ֣㣬ֱ̫
㿴ô
֪ӷﵽʲô˵ҪֱӽɱˣΪʲôڻҪ
裬ĵմӣȫҳ
մӣ
ڣĵմӻŵģҲʣһʱͽĵմӸ˳
ʦ𣬿ܣڻˡ
մӻ湻ֵģʱȻڻܡ
ȴ˱۾֪ԼڽǳˣĻҵû뵽Լ
ȫס֡
ֹסӣ˵ӷ磬ѵҪϾɱ𣿡
ҵķ񡣡
᲻úġ
ҵԸ
㡭
ٸ˵ЩеûģᣬѾˣܲץסĻᣬҪԼľˡ
⣬ӷת˵ÿʮɱһˣʹմӿʼ
迴ųӷвκεɱ񣬸ͲҪɱ˵ģɻ䣬ȴκεЦ
ѵյΪòɣǶԼ˵һвⱱ½ӷ粻ҪĴѽԼңͲɣԼʱʧġ
ӣӷǴҪֵ׼׼һԼңҪһӣƺԼңֻҪԼκһĲãǸͲҪӷ綯ֵģһΪԱ᲻һдۣԼҶŸɡ
ȻĿǰԼҵ½ǿģһһ棬ȣһˣҲ˵ӷҪһԼңôԼҵʵҪһƽ⡣
Ȼһɱ¾첻Լչһɱ¾Ų֮󣬳ӷҲԼչһɱ¾Լҵһ
ˣʵ̫ˣ
ʮ뵽㻹ʲôѵҪҶֲɣ
ӷ綯֣Ͳɱڵĵˣɱҵˣ㣬鱱ܣҲʮ
ԣû跴Ӧ鱱̳֡
һһմӣѾǰ
ɱҪɱڵ˲Լҵӷ绰Ѿ˵ĺˣ㲻ףǾ
ӷ磬㣬޳ܡ
ʮ뵽ɱ
ৡ
һȥڶڵӵˡ
ǣǡ
ɱ
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ɱ
鱱ŷ֣ĸڵӵˡ
ס֣ס֡
ǿȥˣͲˡ
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죬ڲ²⣬ҵڲҵãӷ磬ҴӦ㣬ֻŹҵڵӡ
ܺãνʶʱΪܣܣҺοڣҲһĻᡣ
һĻ᣿ʲô˼
ȫųһ亹
ղҵˣɱ˲㵤ڵĵӡڣΪЩӱˡҵ˸һ֣ɱ棬ɱ鱱ܡ磬ʲôѵ㲻Ϊĵӱ𣿡


2361 涾
豾ΪӷȷһٶԼҶ֣ƽһ£Լֲɵϣʲôضڳӷ綯֮ǰ뾡һа취ԼһֵɢȥԴӷĶ֡
û뵽֮죬ӷͲճƣⵤڣҪԼҵɱ֣ҵĽھȻõڱ
Ļ쵰˵ģھȻ˵ڵ˿ԱȴվǱȥˣһ취ûУΪӷ˼Ѿԣڸ㱨ĻᣬҪҲҪҪҲҪ㲻뱨ĻҲûʲôˡ

̫ˣõڸ໥ɱһһƽӷҲͷ
ȻΪĳƺţƺŹƱҲѧǺЩһһӵгӷȶֶΡ
鱱ܵɫļΪѿѵ濴Լҵ˸ڵһһȥˣԼվֹɾģ
ʲôѵ뺮Щӵ𣿡
ӷһǰ˫ȥĵɨһ£Ҳһۻŵĵӣڵǣͬʱ׸ţһ㷴ĻضûС
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ӷѾɱ⣬Ҳڸ磬㲻ɱҵˣǵڵ˻Ҫ
ٸ룬ٲ֣ҵ˾ɱǵˡҵ˲֣ǽϣҽȫˡ
˿˵ܣΪ˱ȫңǧҪ֣õڵɱɡ
ʱ֣һһˣһ͵⣬ɵϲŻȥȴҪǰλĶơ
ʵ˵ˣӷҪҸ໥֮ƴƽȣӷŲк֮ǡ
ɱ
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ʦǲ֣ܶǶˣҲᶯֵġͷƴһȴСռ˱ˡ
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ѽɽڣûգծֻҪԼţͻǱҲһġ
ҵᣬ򣬶ɱӷ硣
鱱ܶģɳӷҪģ뷨Ǿȥ룬ҪĲǵģֻǵη壬Ϊ磬νģһϻ̫Ժ֮£һģʲôãɱʱһȫѱ䣬ȻˣǺβЩһѱ֮ǰȴﵽҪĿء
ɱɱɱ
Զ֣һѴ󵶣ֱӳҵͷȥ
Ҹƴˡ
ס֣Ϊȫȫңɱʹ졣
Ѿ۾ԸȥһĻзȴܷڵȴҪ˵һУǳӷĶƣֻһǾǳӷ硣
ʱ֮䣬֮ڣһɱ¾ֻ˹֮ǰɱڣǵɱҵˣ£˵ѽ

ӷЦϷѽĺϷܸɳµģҲֻɡ
һСʱһСʱɱ¾һ˸ɱ֮һ˶Ѿˣû뵽ӷеҪݶĶࡣ
ҼססһУһ죬һᱨġֵǣΪң죬ԼǱ֤һ죬һ˳ӷ翳ͷǵġѪļ졣
Ѫɽѩǧ֮⣬ɯɯվһɽ֮ϣѩǱߣ˫гŷŭˣҲ֪λСʲôҪƵôַˡ
С㣬յõ鱨ɽ֮ϣڸ໥ƴɱ
ƴɱǳӷɵĺ£ɣ
ûô򵥡ڲûбɱϵʱɱ˵ںܶˣ֮󣬵ȴɱҺܶˣȴûһģͺϵ⣬ε׸ݺʷʫ˵
ʲôǵڸʲôɽ֮ϣôƴɱͲһսѽ
ûǳӷµ˵ˣ໥ɱ
ɯɯɫһ԰ף˵Ȼݶġӷƽڸҵ໥ƴɱڸҶ
С㣬ӷΪʲôҪ
ҲµĲĻӷӦҸڣס½ͬʱҲҸ໥ƺ⣬λֶΡ
ɯɯ˱۾˵ӣѩǣѾӷĿڴˣҪǱضһսǸӷ粻Ǹʡ͵ĵƣֱɱȥһġ
ѩǣС㣬ȥʲôط
ȣӷһĿ꣬ǱȣȻҪ½Ҿñȣ½棬ж


2362 £
ϲͨĺ֮䣬һ澰ƬϣһƬϿȣϿȵĳ̶ȣȺɽݣɼƬϿ֮Ӵ֮׳ۣѾκһ˵
ǴֻֻҪƬϿȶʧ򣬶ңƬϿڣһ޴ĴųҲ˵ӵһʲôˣֻҪƬϿȣ˼άȵĲֻþȴΣգֻԶʧƬϿУԶ޷뿪
½˵Բ˽뺣ϿȵģеĴֻƵУƬԭûֵĺϿȣҲѾ֮ΪʧϿȣһн޴ĵط
Ȼֽ½˵Ѿûʲô֪ƬʧϿڣһʥأ½ʥأǱǷ£λʧϿмλãȴƬʧϿ׵һɽ壡
걻һƬŴţжµĿΪµǿȥҲƬʧǺ½޷·ɲľ档
Σ½ͳߣԷڵ̳Ϊݵأ£ֽ½Ѿû֪ˣҲΪʲôʧϿ½ʥعؼ
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ϡ
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ÿһˮ໥֮䣬һ޴У֮ڣһϣͬʱֻһŻڣһŮ˵Ӱٳ˳
ŮһͷںڵĳʵĲ£һѳȴɫ԰ף˼صˣǲֻʵӣ׷ɱ㣡
ĳֿۣ湻ݵġܵĿ죬ȻҪˣ
Ů˲˲ǱߵѪԼѾʧȥһΪ񣬱˵½ϣվȽš޾֮·˲֪Ůȴĺܣһط԰Լ̵ʱڻָطǷ¡
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Ů˿ǰʧϿȣֻҪϿȣͿԽ£õͳߵСִˣܣ½֪֪ĻƾƴС汻Σգ춼˽ʧϿȣѰҷµġ
Ůлһ⣬һˮһףڵˮס
ҾͿԺĽǰϿȣֱͨˡ
룬ŮֱӳʧϿǰ
ԼСʱңŮˮı֮£ʧϿĵλãﾡ˫۸ͿΧһУȴϿȵ
ˣǷ£½ʥ̳ڷ֮ڡ
Ů˫һӣǿ쫷磬ΧȫɢֻǰĲԶһǧԸߵɽչ˳
ɽΧܶķķţȫһַޣǴо޴󹥻ԵģŮ˲ˮ򱣻ЩͽˣڵҲԵֵסǧ޵Ľ
£ҵˡ
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Ů˲˵ʲôС棬ڵȫΧںһԴշµ
ۣΪһΪҾû취𡣵һָ֮󣬵һӣծӻبŲ
Ů˺ǵ⣬ΪĳԱ˵ԼػߣŰǰԼĴ½ó۸ҶͣսԴȶƽû뵽۾Ȼ᲻ԼϵԼԼɱ֡ԼܵĿ죬Ȼûˡ
ʵŮ֪ҪɱܵĻᶼûУһҲǲô͸˺
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Ů˴һΧȫӿ˹
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ŮųԼʶȥ̽ڵѽ
һ˸ŸôͻȻʮϢ
ޣѵޣѽͲ޵Ϣǡ̳࣬࣬ôܻˣһʮˣͻȻֵģ⵽ôһ¡ã½ͳߵСִУ˱죬ҵ˴ж󡣸
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2363 ʮ磡
һƬڰĿռ䣬־Կָͬبžʹڵζ̼˵Χ棬ӵżԽһͷţײɳȥ
ѾƬڰĿռڣͣţͣǰ
һǰ飬ǵùӣû´򿪸֮ţ֪ΪʲôһǿԼ˽ȥ֮ŻʱرǵùӺûн֮ԼʧȥֱʱѾƬڰ֮ˡ
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ʲôղô


2364 ϱȣ
һƬڰ֮һƬƬȴǽں֮еġ
ѵʮ˱ٲļ嵽һ̶֮ڣӺ̶ڳʱڵĵطһҶһȫûг·Ҷ
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Ů˺ΣȻ̳òˣҲûʲôá
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Ѿҵ˵ʥҩҲ𽥵ĻָУҲѾָһˡ
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ѩǱߴϢ˵ѾͶ˳ӷ磬˱ȣ½ڣѩŮ֪Լǲˡ
ѩŮǰѾ˱ȣ˵Ѿҵˣԣҵ飬޹ءȹ֮ΪʦΪ˵ġ
ӻرȣеȫ˱ģҲѩŮ
ʦͽŵҵѪôⱲӣǲܸϵġһУͽγеʦͽԸΪܹ
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ϣˣɱϱˡ
ʲôӷôɱˣ
ǳӷ硣
ʲôˣ
Ҳ֪Ѿˣ֪ͨˣ̵ϡ


2365 ľ
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¡һҵűը˿ֻһӰڷɳ漸ȵ̫ϳȫȶ򣬹ӭء
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ڻе棬ͻȻֵһˣһͷΪвĵ
ĽӴ򿪣˶סˣΪںͷȻԼʶġ
ʥŮ裡
ĿźͷȻԼķ衣
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Ϊʲôľһô쵽ģѵɱ˷裬磬ӵƥеҲֻͣ˵ͨľΪʲôĴƽ֣裬ɲľɱ˵ѽ
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ƾʲô㣿
ƾͷҿһɱġ
һɱ˷裿
ֱЦ𣬷ж磬Ļһɱ裬ڶ˷磬˵ɱǿˣ
ľָָԼͷ˵بŲǿ


2366 µĶˣ
ɯɯĸǿ˱ȣʵ˵Ҫɨ½ģñ˵ĻһٽͿԽȸˣɻɯɯûи̫Ķһ·ϱȣҲֻǽЩ·˸ѣҲǸ߱ģԼϱȲû̫Ķ⣬ñƴ
ڱȵĴ֮ڣһɵĴνǺޱȣ𱱲½κһطҪ䣬ͬģżԴһǿԪأȵˣϣҪȱ½طĶࡣ
Ѿ˹ı֮ϣŸսĸǿߣΪ½һ˵ıĻŴ֮磬һҲη岻˵൱أڳһ֮硣
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Ƕʶκζִ֮˵һöûУľصֶȻĥһ˵ֱʴС棬ǾͲǶôˣһڶӷѪԪð֮ͬ
ߣľǰǸŮˣ˵һˣȻûͷϴźɫƤ£һĶԴԴϣ
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ĶˣԶһЩƳһ֧ӵĻ浱ս޲ʤĴѽ
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Ҷ˷С浱Ǻĵһɼ˹ΪʱˡҿǻǸϽƵȥɣ˳Ҷ˷磬Ҹӷ磬ɲܿģ̫ĻͽԼ


2367 ľֳʥ
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˵Լ˾ˣȻͬҶ˷Ҳɸô˵Լѽ
Сӣɱǳӷ绹ôô˵ӷҲĳ˵Ķӣ㵱ʲôˣ
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ⶼʲôʲôѽӷǳ۵ĶӣǰСǳ۵ͽܣ˵ӦֵܲŶ԰ɣСӵĻôĸӷǳƵġ
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ðɣȻľһ䣬һ䣬ɯɯǿˣһ￴ӷ粻ˬԼҲˬʲôѾǺ֮ˣڳӷԼֱ֮ģˣȻܵõʥܸôˣͷֲһʵ
֪ôƺ֮ܺĻ˽ǣǿһ㶼˽ѽ˵̫ƽ
ٸ˵ƽʲô磬νĹƽƽֻλȹȨƵһֶΰˡӵĳƺţͽľذɣתΣֱ˽еıȽ϶ˣ
ԭľ֪ľôǺ
Ҫ˵ˣڲǺҺȻҺ֮ǰһ㣬ҪԸģǳӷ磬ͬʱҶ˷硣Ҳ˵ǳӷĵˣͬʱҲҶ˷ĵˡ쵰˭ӽӾʹ˭
ٽмΪ˭Ҳ°ţƤˡ
㵱ӾһˣðɣҪǲǵɫǻ浱ǴġɣУھŲ㡭ұ
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ʲôЦľʲôʱ䴿ǿˡ

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ʥСģʥ
еʶΪӵж֮ϵӷǼһһɱʮģǴʥеһͽľˣеƣȴԴԴϵҲ¸ǣƵǵΪһǿġ
ס֡ľл˵ȻǺ飬Ǿͱ˺


2368 ģ
ľֻ˵ݣڻɯɯǰǸƨǣһĴŲ㣬ɯɯͬҲǴŲ㣬ټ߲һڻҵĲ㣬ҪɱľֻҪһľصĶ˱ɣûҪȥľغġ
ڣľģǳֱۣų۵ƣľؾͱȻɯɯеˣϾɯɯҶ˷磬Ҷ
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أɯɯ˾ľغľصʲôԳӷ粻ˬװģ
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ƴţ佣˵ǸӷӰģ˲ͬǶǴӵģǳӷֵܣֵܣܳӷʲôƻҪʲô£Ƕʸ֪
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ƴţ˵磬ʵǲףСӵվһߵģ̫Ӿսʱ溦ǣʵҲڰǵġʱûҲѽ̫Ǭȥѱˡ
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2369 𾪺ĵϢ
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ò˵ľصļְţûɯɯ浱࿴ֻڱ½ӷû뵽в½Ǳߣľȴ涼뵽ˣɯɯ̾ġ
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2371 Ⱥϱȣ
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2372 ɹӣ
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2373 ѵǵɣ
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2374 Լˣ
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2375 һǿУ
佣ķִյķǳãΪͨɺʯȷɹǸĽɫܴӶԻһСϸв˺Ķ佣Żֹɺʯϱȣ֮΢һֻҪԼߣϱȡ
ʵ佣ֹɺʯʱɺʯ;е㲻Ծ֪ӷ˵ģɯɯ֪ˣΪɼ̳˵ɺʯô֪ܲ
ǣӷȣѵҲΪԼ𣬰˵Լڳӷ˵һôûУӷĴ½ã½һв½Ҫ⣬ǴʲôĿȥ⣬ǺҲ̫˰ɡɺʯļ㣬ûи߰ʮ꣬һʱ䣬ӷͲȫ½ǸʱһԼϵԼҲѾˣԼڳ֣ڳӷһöûС
ȻԼԳӷûãΪʲôֹܳԼѵлʲôè壿ԼڱȵϢɺʯܻȫţϢǼٵģӷʱֹܳԼϱȣɣԼϢǳӷΪ˶ԸȵȦףˣڱȣɻһɯɯǰʱõϢɯɯݺʷʫѾڱҸӷˣڳӷֵ³ʲô
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2376 ɽŻս
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2377 ɣ
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2378 ԲƬԶˣ
Ⱥ۴ģĹȣȵǾԵֵס˹ġ
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ҸڵӺɽǱɱˡ
ŸһӵϢġ
ĵʮ־ʣɽȺ۵ǿѾҸڵȻִӺɽȸܵѽҴɣһǺ롣
ʲôҸڣ˫ѾӷȫɳȥΪʲôұȣ
ѾˣһʼеһУǳӷһְŵı֮ǰҸڵȫɳȥġ
Ļ쵰ԭյĿĻұȣ֪ʱӦֱӽѩˡǸľʵ̫࣬˳ӷļơ
ûʱҸڣȷûˣӷͽȫ˳ȥĿģȴǱȡ
šϴһȥɽɱҸڵˣϱȰ벽
ǹҵ棬ѾǴˣǱȸû˵ֵסѽ
㿴ţԴȥֵǡ
УӷǱڸľǴ򣬿Ⱥ۵ʵ̫࣬ͻеķߣǾزסѽ
ڴҲûСЩУкǿߣҲд硣
Ȼˣҽ飬ҲҪ·赲ˣֱӷɣȻǾǡ
˼˵
ĿţѾ֪ŵ뷨
ܴڽ񣬳б֮⣬ȻҲٲ֮˵һЩ󲻵ֶΣЩֶΣ֮ǾԲóġ
εĵ˵ͷȸܵУǿߣȫӷסˣ޷Լߡӣֻ׼һˡ
ţȥˣ˻ȴȺϹȡ
ǣ
֮УľˣĻɯɯǸûӵͻȻܳɺʯûеõԼ˵ɺʯѾԳӷ¶ˣɱ˳ӷ磬ûġ
ڵãɺʯһԼڻɯɯǲӷٶɸˣɺʯɼ壬ûаֺôġ
ӷ䲻ŹɺʯͬҲԼѽ
˲֪ľػ֪ӷֶһǿʱ򣬳ӷĵ;Իֵģǲѽ˵Ǹɣ¾һܴӳӷĵгȥɡ
С㣬ǾԼԼɡҪ㣬ǧ򲻿ɴ⣬ӷǲ

ɯɯɺʯĸ֣ȫɫ䡣
ɺʯʵ񷶦
ûû뵽ȻҲ֪񷶦
û뵽Ȼ
ɺʯǻɯɯǺļ̳ˣȻҲ֪ģܾǶ֪һЩģ
ӷ磬ϴҵʱ;Ϊȫϣԭ̵ǲ񷶦
֪̫˵ɡҲ֮ڣǱȥͬʱһŲãȴ˲ҷֺ
ɺʯ˵񷶦ӵеø޸ƻһֱҲֻ˵ˣû뵽Ȼۼʶˣ
޸ƻΪ񷶦͵˵ĻǾ̫СҸ׸Ҷƾ۷壬ҵĲ񷶦֮ףһ޸ƻĻʣ񷶦һ
һôܡΪʲôҲ֪
㲻֪ȥˣڲǸϻʱ򣬽һѵ浱ҳӷ۸ˡھŲǰɣǰɣҿھŲ㣬ɣûд˵еô
ľ˵ӷ磬£㾡ȥ棬ҿɸûĹϵ
ұ죬үģԣھȻ˵ûϵɵɵѽ
ӷ磬Ҫɱң˵㡣ʲôʥơ
飬顣
ľؽʥ˳ھŲڵвǿıը
ҵ㵱õʥ޼ЦҸ׵ĶԸң˵ľأǲԲƬԶˡ


2379 ľɱ٣
ӷ磬ң
ľ˽ӷ磬Ҳȷ˽ӷ磬һ˶ԣȵ˽⣬Ҳ˽ľȫ档
ľضԣ˽ĳӷ磬ֻһˣһֱӷ綷ҲǴ֣񻹴ûжڡ
죬ӷȻƿڴ⻹ľ⣬Ϊ˽ĳӷ磬Ͳһ˵ѽôˣȻԼԲУһǲԼԴҩ
ôˣľ㣡˾ǷѾĺõ㣬Ͱβ̵ȥˣ浱㻹ǰǸ޵ѽ浱㻹ǰǸӾްҹѽһˣֻľأǸСձ磬ǸӣĲҪҪܵҽ˵ľأƾʲôţҲ֪͵һƣ͸˷Ҳѽӵң㲻Բʲôѽ
ӷ磬㡭
ʲô㣬һˣû˵ķݣ֮Уÿһ˶ʵʵʵʵԼʵһƣҪƣҲȥǼһԲеģǰװװʱ㻹֪ء
ľرӷɫͨ죬ǸĵʹѽΪˣûܹû뵽챻ӷ統ɺʯɯɯˣҶ˷粻ȻԼǶ˶Ѽȥˡ
ãӷ磬ܺáӽ첻㶷Ƥӡ㲻˵ʵʵо͸ϽóҲԼΪһɣһŲ㣬߲㣬һûõĲ㡣
ľֱ˸ٽȻǹģ⻰ڸٽ
Сӣ˭أһ
ľҲǺۣӷƽһΣٽоľؾ̣ʱҲ̲סˡ
ľ㣬NNDзǰɣӽŪ㡣
ľʲô
Сˣӵ£ֲܡӹӽ˸ٽ

ʥɱ
ֱӾͳɯɯ˹ȥ
ɯɯʱֻľصĹΪ£ڳӷĵУһСģǾ군ˡ
ݺʷʫᡣǵֵľأȥԸӷ硣
ǣС㡣
ƾҲֵӡͳͳĹ
ϡ
ʥȽݺʷʫ³һѪһƵھŲֵܵסģʱȥȸٽԼֲɵ
ٹӣԼסҴӺ͵Ϯ
ᣬĻ쵰
ķϻ첻㣬ӻҪɱǼ
ľأԼ˵ʲôӢۡ
ӢүӴмӢۣӾǸСˣô
㡭
һơ
顣
ľؽʥһƺݺݴ˸ٽؿϡ
ٽֻǴĲ㣬ܵסھŲһˣֱӱľظ˳ȥľزûоʹ˰ݣ˵ҪɱˣǾһҪɱ
ɱ
ãС㣬ҡ
ľأɱƵˡ
ɱľǡ
ٽϿ֮š
ҵĵ̣뿪֮šܡ
ӷ絥һӣһѪ⣬ٽϡͬʱľشӸٽͷ£صһƣ˸ٽϡ
ۡ
ٽһѪķѣС棬ʼ顣
ľأƵǲŹġ
СձɵĲ˼磬ˡա
ӷ磬㡭ң
ľظղǱˣŻɱ˵ģڷӦȴѾ̫ˣٽѾɱ磬ȴӷ˹ȥ
쵰ӷ磬쵰
С㣬˿ľɱģ뱨ĻҾԲʱֺġ
ݺʷʫᣬǻʲôٽɱǶ޷Ƶɱľأȡ׼
ǣС㡣
ӷ罫ɯɯѾľأʱԼĵˣֻһˡ
ɺʯڣֵˡ
žžž
ɺʯ֣˵ȻǺֶΣ֮£ȻԼȴȴֻ˶ƤӣĻȻصġ
ҪҪɱԼ飬ҿɲȥܡ˵Ļղ֪̽㣬ȴҵɱ֣˵ĻɺʯҲɡ
£ұǳԼģͻϾƵһսУҲҪվͬһϵġ
ƵҿǸʲôɼ壬ǸƵһϵİɣ
ں˵ʲô
˵ʲôѵɼôЧҸףҲҶҵ˶֣Ȼ㶯֣Ǿ˵Ǹɼ壬ġ
ɻûȨˡûȷʥĶӣ֪ɼ壬Ҳ㻰Ѿ˵⣬һȥɼҪù˰ɡ
ǾɡҵĲ֮УǴǵɣͳͳҪҵơҪӳ۷ʵǲ̫ܡ
䣬ӷΪǿ
𡭡𡣡


2380 㣡
һȼľƾų۵ʥѾɯɯһţɯɯϾҲǴھŲľ磬߲ģݺʷʫȻ޷ľκεвһֱľأôɯɯͷǳ֣ľҲǷǳԿġ
ԭԸӷģԼȴȴò˵ľؿǷһˣΪûӷһˣͻȻһٴľظ˸·ϣȻңϸٽɱģľĻܵôֱ֣࣬Գ۵ʥֱӽٽˡ
ٽȻֻǴĲľ磬ݺʷʫкܳһξ룬Ū˵ٽݺʷʫͬģ캣ҲƵĴͺ֮һƵǸ򵥵ĻɫĶ½ɱǸɯɯһģɯɯǸûµһһ˶ûУƵĵȻԵʡ
ΪסƵ캣򣬻ɯɯڱɱľأľصͷƵһ
С㣬ҸסеȫеǵһնɱҸ͵ùˡ
ģֻҪǲסҾаһɱ֮ˣ̵ģֻʥǡ
ƴһѰɣͷȥƵ϶һǵ鷳ġ
ľشЦɱң컹ûھˡǼʶһҶ˵
ǿĺɫӵϻǸľɱķ裬ͷĳǰ
ǿĶȻӷĵһ𣬵Ȼ޷ⶾյܻһеĻѽľһǴŪĶ
ڳӷ͹ܲľǱߣɺʯһɣԳӷ紿еܻɺʯĶ֡
ڣ֮ǰľɱٽ󣬸ٽȫӷãֻҪӷ罫ٽЩ磬ѩɱǼҼõȫһ£ǾͿԽΪȥˡ
ɳӷһ룬Ǵ㣬ҲܻɺʯĶѽΨһİ취ǸɺʯӲӲĴ򣬶Ҫɺʯ͸ֶγܽɺʯסֻҪƴţǱҸڣȸסӷҲͿԽˣŵǸʱɺʯҲɵϣӷĵϸ֮ǰҲܸӷӲġ
ôۡ
лֱ˵ʱˣǧҪЩĶ
˵㣬ûа취߲ļ󣿵Ȼܵڰ˻ߵھŲļ͸ˡ
СӣΰɣڿѾ˴磬û㹻ҪǾԲܵġܵ﴿Ļ룬߱бõһ߲㵽ڰ˲ļûģھŲ㣬ˡ
Ǻã͵ڰ˲㣬Ѿ㹻һˡҪҵģ˵ʱٽ
ӷ˵ҲϻɺʯЦɺ˲Ϊǵ𡣡
ɺʯЦģȻӷ֪ԼǸɣҸԼ֣в񷶦ǻֻܱסѣԴܵɾġ
ɺʯһ룬ӷǴ磬֪Լǵɾ£˵Ĵ󻰣ɲճɵѽ
ѵСӣҲǵɣԼһһֱԼʵʵ
ɺʯ˫Ŀųӷ磬ӳӷϿʲôֻҪӷ籩¶˵ɾ磬ɹӽɾҪƴˣ㲻ãҪˡ
ɺʯô޷͸ӷ硣
ͬʱӷѾԵõȫһ飬ҽе磬ȫںһ
ڳӷһС͵ӣ֮ڣüٸڻתš
ЩǸղŸٽ磬ҽʱõ硣
ܣٽֻǴĲѣ֮硣
˵񷶦ɲЩСɫܶġһܣҵĲӵǿƻͬʱǿԸġ
ʲô磡
ڣʶһ°ɡ㣬
㣬ӷ֮ǰչֳǴ㣬ʱ㣬Ҳ˵ǵɣû˿صģĻɺʯҲͷ
Ȼ񷶦綼ܸƣӦҲɣ
ҵ뿴񷶦׻ʲô֮
㣬
¡¡
ųӷһ޴𶯣ΧĵȫΧ˳ӷΧ
ľظɯɯͬһʱתӷȻʱСǲǷˣ﴿֮ÿһ㣬Ƕ൱Σյġ
֮ϣһ޴Ŀն֣Դֱӿ
ȰҽԴɢ
û⡣
ֻԴյϷͱһɴӵгȥɢˡ
һĻɺʯǼȫԼ۾ղʲôڰӷ磬ȻûԴֱӸɢˣ
ûѽ
ѵǲ񷶦
ɺʯǶһ߹ģȻ﴿֮ÿһԴͻһαһǿûгǿ˵¾ҪԴˣ


2381 㣡
ûκ˵İ֮£ĿųӷӴ˵㡣ңԴǱһΰɢˣòɺʯЩɵۣΪȫǴӴһһ߹ģڴ֮Ҳ
뵱ԼʱûһΪԼٸ߳ĴڣǲģԴԽԼС
죬ɺʯǼۿӷȻûκ˵İ֮ˣֱǲ˼ѽ
ΪʲôΪʲôô׾ˣ
ɯɯԼһѣԼǲΡ
ʲôת϶תΪ磬֮ÿҪһ𣬶൱µģΪļԽߣʱԴͻԽǿҲдδıһֶɣΪֶɵĴڣǺЩһֻҪõ磬һȫǿˣΪֶɵĹϵúЩһӵ㹻磬Ҳ׵ȥԼΪѽӲκһˣΪһɵıȥģɺʯɯɯִӵܣĳΪȶһĻҵŻ᲻һд۵ġ
ɽ죬ӷȻûκ˰֮ģѵǲ񷶦ʵǲ񷶦ӵеĺô
ȻɺʯɵۣľؿɲɵۣΪľ֪ӷڲͬģ񷶦ľҲֹһΣʱľرֵʮѡ
һ̣ľеʥͻȻˡ
ӷ綼ѾǴˣҲԶһƵġ¹ӣ㵹ùȥǸٹɡ
áģ
ɯɯʱӦ˹һжѾ̫ˡ
ľصʥֱӴţʹС棬ը
ľ塭㡭
ĿľأôҲ벻֮ǰǺĹϵգ۵Ĺ򣬾ҪԼԼǱȸٽǿĶû뵽ȻľǵĽɫ
ӷǱ߸ոҲͷӦڵ֮ڣС棬Ȼľظ˹ȥ
ӷ磬Щ磬ðһΪգʥôܿ죬ҿԻָˣָܻƾЩ磬Ҳֱӳˡ
ܡûš
˼Ķֲҡڿûʱ档ȸˣλ
ľʥ֮ţһʥ٣ΪͬģΪѾ硣
֮šӷ磬ɽģڡݰˡ
ľأԶ֣´μ棬Ҷɱ㡣
ӷľѾˣǳӷľ֮ͨʱҽһ³һѪȻʾ˵֮С
ľˣٽᱻɱһ£ɯɯ治֪ôˡ
ľǻ쵰һ죬һҪ
ɯɯҲѾŭˣԼȻľظˣתܣľĿģˣóӷĵԼ˸סȻʼº֣Լһ˵˵ġ
ɲľǲƺõˣ٣ɯɯ֪ӷ粻Ϊľ˶ŹԼ
ݺʷʫȶԸӷ磬ȳȥȥľˡ
ãͻĵط˵
ͻƣǲҪͻƣҪģȥ׷ɱľأɱǷǳߵġ
ӷתȣȺѾɱȥڻɯɯ޲ýľظʬΣĻ˼ȥܱȵѽԣӷûҪɯɯǶֱӷȥȥ׷ɱľأǼôõѽ˫кô顣
ߣ
ҲǣһҪǡľϲֲյĵطʲôطڰʲôطɭǾȥʲôطҡպҶлǵģȻǵˡ
ҲȻɯɯ˵ӷ絥һӣһǿĳֱӾͽɯɯ˳ȥ
ɺʯڿˣ˵ƵˣǳӷĵѽڵãһľʥҸһ֮ͨӷ練ǽɯɯǸˣȴԼ˲֮ڣˣԼѽ
ģⶼѾʲôѽ
ɺʯֲ
ھʣˡһɣҡ²µΪ
ӷ磬˹֣ҲͲˡɣ
㣬
Դֵɾ磬ӷ磬ǹֵġ
ϻûһث֡ûһյĻôౡֿ֮֮ΪҸ㣬һǵ𡣡
ʲô
ɣ߲㡣
ôۣͬʱ˳ӷڣ߱гӷеںһ𣬶ʱ֮䣬ʹĳӷΪֱ﴿߲ļ
ⲻܣһյģô֮䣬ֵ˵߲㡣
ɺʯΪ֪أ㵱˶ɵ𡣽ҵĵͱȥˡڣڰ˲㡣
ӷ磬ң
ɺʯˣӷȴЦľ㡣ɹӣѡ񣬵һǵɶԵɣʶһɵǼ١ڶѧղŵľأҿ֮ţҾͲΪˡ
֮ţ
ʲôЦò׵˵ɾ磬֮ţǲ͵ڽԼ˴ɵ£˭ȥѽ
ӷƣһɣϲ񷶦ǽɾҪùˡ
ɺʯųӷǰţ˵Ѻ˵Ļܻѽ
ɺʯһᣬ˵ӷ磬ȻˣҼסˡҸ䣬ǽ
ܶ㣬һ㶼ںǰɣǾԵɣԵɰɡ
֮š
ģȻðŽΣտ֮ţǺãҲɡɡ


2382 ն
սɣ󣬵ǿ߻ҪԽһΪ֮ܣ飬˵بδйġ
ɽ죬ӷȴһأԴΪûɺʯ֣ͰƵԽһΪˣƵɺʯӦ󣬲֪ʲôӡ
ȻˣǳӷֻⶼҪģ֡츳Ҳģսϣ̽ҲãڵҲգǵ磬ֻҪӵоԺ˵ʱǾͿԽκ˺Ƶ
ʵһΣռ˵Ŀɲǳӷ磬ľǼһҲռ˴ıˣ磬ǿ֮ˣǲ֮ҲܳΪǿߡӷţڳʱľһԼķȥɢԴľػʲôӷͲ֪ˡԿ϶һǣЩ飬ӷ粻֪ģľ֪Щˣӷûģľؼ򣬳۵ʥǴĵõģ
ôɺʯѾˣԽһΪҪָҲΨɼۺҵףָܰɾ磬Ҳһʱ̵飬ʱ֮ڣɺʯӦòӷʲôв

νδѣȻɼ⣬ûĻɺʯҲӷΪУôӷҲҪʱӲɼ׼ټƵĻҼ壬һҶ˷磬˵ӷ缴Եģʮߴ
ҪôǿУҪôӴĵǰչԼǵ˵ȫģв񷶦硣˵ӷڻҪ֣Ҫһ֧ǿ֧Ԯ
ǳǷ棬ûһ磬±½Ҳһ棬һ˵½ΣͬҲѽҪ֪ǱߣɾͲǴˣеɸĴڣڵ棬Ŀǰ˻ƴţ佣Ǹյģˣӷʱ޷ϵ棬Ӳ֪ڵôˣʲôط
ջأӷ͸ƲıȣеȫѾ˱ȣڱ֮ϣȵһսǲ־ܵģԿ϶ȺһϱȵͬҲкˣһɺʯɯɯҲ׷ɱľȥˣںȫˡ
ʱ½ȫˣƵҼ壬ɼ壬ʱģЩ͵ģҲ½ȴ΢ᣬȲ˵ʵ޷֮⣬ҵҲЩڻңĴţ佣Ҫṩôۣʲô
ûʲĿֱôۣȻʾġ
ʱټҲ𲻵̫áٵȵȰɣţӦûĵĴ½ߵֻҪ㲻ټǣǾͻ뾡һа취ȥʵʱǿǰ
ӷ˵ͷʶƤôǰµһ˴ڣЩ˲һͶںĴ½
ƤﵽڶûϢһ϶뾡һа취ϵô۵ŲڶǱռõ۹ô۵Ĵ֮£а۵а۹ﲻͣķչô۱Ҷ֮õ۹ɢˣʵȴһЩ˴
ڣ˶ٴˣôԼ㲻ˣƤǵõ۹һôҲԿ϶ǣȻƤ֪֮ȻǸðġ
Ϊ˴ΪӴҲֻܵˡھͽзչռȫйǱǿĵһԼǿɾͿѼȥˡ
СӣȲҪ̫࣬ĶսѾʼˣҵǸ˼ڶûж֣㻹ȥɡ
˱ȾȻû֣˵ʲô˵һǶԳӷ˼ֲȥ̸ʲôΪȣûκ£ǾԵвӷģ
˼ǱȻģǻڵĻᣬǵľǳ֡ǻɯɯľػڱȣȥͶǣһȽϱڲõˣһûУ˭Ҳﲻˡ
㻹ʲôֱȥ±Ⱦ͵½
±ҲֻһտӰˣЩСУɣΪõģ˵һ£ǷűңҲܽЩȫɱ⣬ˣһտʲôá
ʲô취
ڱѾۼڱˣЩСУ壬ɵҪȴûһɵϣδţķҲŵġҲӵȥƻȽ鷳
ô
֣ҪҪ࣬ЩûõˣͶҲûõġȴЩˣ½ЩУ壬ɵҪȫֻҪǵˣҸȴ˵ʱ
˵Сӣǲ̫˵㣡˵ҲϰأȫɱˣЩҪҲеġ
û˵Ҫ˶ɱ⣬ֻҪɱһֱ½˾ˡֻҪǵʧأǵıģǸʱ򣬱½ЩУɵҪȫܹǶˣȥǴȣǵ˱Щ˻Ҷһѽ
Ǹð취ǾɡҪôȥðȵˣɱ½ˣ
⻹򵥣ˣô۵ıľǻ쵰ڱȴҾͱľصȥñ½˸ľؽ´𣬵ʱֻҪľһ֣涼һʱ֪ͨҵġ
һ߼޻Ŵ񷶦СΪգ
֮УõֶΣֶβľԼˣϱȣɱˣɱȵˡ


2383 Ҳͷ
ɺʯ֮ں½Ľ紦Ҳȫ
ӣû°ɣ
Ϊ֮ţɺʯΪȵ½õɾ磬Ȼ˴磬һǵ㣬ĸӷͬһȥˣɺʯǷŭԼŬأû뵽˱½֮УȻ֮
ΪʲôӷǵɣΪʲôʱ֣ҿ֮ţ
ӷǵɣټĲ񷶦ɺʯ֪ԼԲǳӷĶ֡ԼӷɱɼǱ߻ȥҳӷ籨𣬻˵ֻҪǳ۲£ɼͲҶӷֺ
ԣͲǵɣǵɣԸ˵оԵİնԸҵ֮£ǲȥġ쵰
ɺʯһû뵽ӷƭˣǸ쵰ȻҺԼ£ɺʯǲܶЩ˵ģõɣһƵΪ½ô࣬˵ȥҪඪжඪˣҶ˷֪ˣЦԼһϢһߵƵǱߵֻҪԼĵˣ߶ԼеˣԼ鷳ġ
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ãܿ죬ʥĶӣֶΣɺʯǼʶˡ
ӣ˵ʲôѽǶûΪʲôῪ
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ڣɺʯδȫɼҳϣȫŵĹģԼΪ½飬ǾԲᴫȥġ
ǸҼסˣ飬á
ɺʯû˵꣬ͻȻһ룬ȻӷὫԼΪ½鴫£ԼôҲûõģȻˣΪβƾͼƣԼ˽ԼȥӷκεĻᣬһ˾ͻ²ɣΪʲôɼԼˣᴫֶɺʯϢ
νʵ֮ʵ֮ɺʯԼģڱ½ԼʵΪ¶ˣҲɼԼϢȥ˻ΪɹӻװȥȥֻҪ֪ɺʯʵΪҲͲ³Դˡ
ǣΪһƬȥһƵǱߣһϻһ
ӣȥƵʲô
ǾȥƵ򣬰ҴһϢ˵ɺʯڱ½ӷˣ֮ţΪʱ򲻹˭ֻҪܹɱңܳɹġ
ʲôӣ̫Σˡ
ģϢԼ˴ȥ˸ͲŵġҪסǧŴһҪһ취ƵǱߵ֪ȴ˵ġϢ֮󣬾뿪ƵλǧǸץסˡ
ǣˡˣӣϺǱҪҪȥ
ϺһǵģƵġͲҪͱˡ
ǣȥ졣
ɼɺʯΪһǰƵǱߵһͻɺʯ
ֻҪصɼ壬ɼＸϹǿļҵףһܰɺʯָΪģҲǶʱ֮ڵ£˵һ²ָܻɡ
ͬʱڱ֮⣬ȺѾΧĴűȵȫ֮ڣûһ˳ġ
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ֵܽǣѾɱ˱ȵļſڣʱ򣬴ҿǧҪԥˣֻҪһеıͿɱȥˡ
ϳ˵Ҫֱӳȥȴƴţסˡ
Сӣѽһ嶯֪ʲô𣡡

ȻѾˣھͲҪǴͷٸЩһϵҩȻǰġ
ѽλֵ˵һ㶼ûĻҪǳѽÿһ˶Ѿ̲סˡ
ϳ߳˵λ棬ǿߵϢҲ棬Ƚһߣܵõ˭Ҳ
ϳͷ˵˵ȴһҲϳ⻰֪ԼһǱ͹ˣԼҪһʱ¡
Сӣõ㻹治ʸ񡣱ʥŮģ˭Ҳ
ǣѽֵͨǣʲôҳѽ
³ǵֵǣˣʥŮͨǵıǸƴˡ
顭
һ޴ıըڼճȥʱĴţͻȻ˿
ֻ֮ڣǧڳ˳ÿһ˵жűѩ漴һӰڷͬ·Ů֮ǰһͭ¯֮ϣûκεȴкü׹˸š
½ϲ½½ңڡǵӿǲСѽȻɱұȡ
ò˵ŮˣΣȴΣʱġ˿̵ıģһŮһս񼶱ŮȺǰôһս潫ЩҪɱȥ˸סˣûκһ˸ǰһġ
ڳ˼½֮⣬ȻҲкֻЩЩСɫȫڶʥŮǼ֮ڵģûеõƵǲ뿪ҪһֱǱȥǵݣҲֻҪʥŮЩŻ֪£Ͳ֪Ǻˡ
ʵǰЩˣûдǿߣһ˾ӦˡܿϧȲ˵ģһ棬ѾԽ˱ģǴˡ
ڣҷڷ涼ûʱȥĽо˼ʲôӷ뵽ˣˣȴ벻ס
˵ѾȷΪʲôؼʱ̣ȵʱ̣ȴһҲ
ܣ˶Ҫһеȳӷ絽˵
ģס
ӷҲ֪ʲôǸڴӺɱ˶ѾˣȴӰ
棬ӷòǱҡ
ҵĵľڲŲܶӷ汻СɱֻҪҲŻתġӷˣҲ˵ڵŲġ֮Ҫȥʲôܡ


2384 ţһ죬ԩ˲
ʥŮͨ³ǡңǲǻĲͷˡȻܵұ
һɴ֮磬ǰЩһҲη壬˵䣬֮һŮˣǣҲʵѵã
һ֣˵½ûһģ֮ǰЩҪɱˣҲȫֹͣŲ
ʱÿһ˶֪֮ģԲΪһʱĳ嶯涼ûͳȥҲкܶڵȴһͷñȥͷԼں˵ġ
ȻڸҲɾͱ¶ԼݣͬҼǱߵȫǴʥŮĵطֻб½֮ߣɯɯһʼʱѡңΪ̫˰ɣΪҼС㣬̳ˣûһȷû뵽·ɱӷ
ȻѾչһȥĻ֮ǰһпɶ׷ˡ
˲ҳͷû˸ҳͷġ
˿̣ǻƴţֵʱˣεļƻҲģȥ߱ȣĸΪľһͲڱȵν
ģ㻹浱Լ޵ˡȺ۵ǰɰڳָ̬ţүû
ƴţһ֣½Ҳȫ˷ͷˣҲСһˣȻԸͷǾԼĻѽֻǴ򲻹ģֻҪĵעȥԼͿԳ˻ȥǼһҵҲκ˾ٶˡ
˫۷˻ƴţͷϣûƴţڱߵȴǼġ
ǳӷˡ
ʲôӷ硣ţǼȥѳӷҳǼһڰȴ˳Ƕţһڸʲôı
ǹӷǴǿߣԼֵĻǸ͡
ûõĶ
Ҳ鷳ˣһ۵Сӣҵģ棬ԼΪǿĵҲӦһӡɳӷȫͬˡ
ֻǸոճĽɫӷȴǴǿߣţڱΪӷǴ㣬Ⱦ磬治Լֵܵסġ
˵ϻģϽｻţүһһ򣬽ҪѪȡ
ôĿӷԼһСӳô
ӷ磿˭ţүҸӷһġţүˣӷҸͲʶ
ƴţǸ޵ˣƽ֪ˣؼʱ̣֪صġ
ӷ½˵ö֮Ľɫһɱ½ʮ˵ڶ˵ӷɶĵˣ˶޲ýӷʬΡ
ö֪ƴţӷһģǿܾͻöǵ˲ȥʲôǶԻƴţˡ
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ϡӷӦþɡ㻹Ͻҵ𣬸ݺұȣֲ¶ʲôˡ
ˣŮˡĴ½ĳ˵ҲŮְ֮ɣֵֻʵĸߵͰˡ
һŮˣ򱱲½ѵ˾ͲѾʲôƨ
ģٸ˵ЩеûġｻǿߵߴңȣҲûȥˡ
ûҪȽǿߵ䡣ģǵľǿǸһʧٵģǶûһ˻ˣ⵽ô£ǲǸǼʧйأ
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ȵ˿ɲʶϳѽϳôһ˵ܲ˵Ǹӷһİɣ˭վ˵仰˵ӷһģҲ̫ˡ
ڷǵ飬ұûǼڣҾͿԸǷǵ
ҿʥŮķ裬ӦѾɱ˰ɡ
ƴţͻȻôһ䣬ö½ȫ
豻ɱˣôܣģʲôɱġ
Сӣѻ˵ô£
һ𡣷裬ǱɱġʱǼȫһ޵ץˣȻΪԱǾ໥ɱ󣬷ĸȫɱԣģֻбһˡ
ƴţһͨ˵Ȼ˵ɱĸ֣ⲻòñķŭ
˵˵һɱĸ½ұˣұ½ͳһ½
ûŴȻɱκһ˵ġ㵱ʱ͸ںܶһںˡò˵ĸĴӢۣܣҲû޵ͷġأȴֱͶ޵ĸ޵ƴɱʱ㰵¶֣ĸȫɱˡ
ǷͶ޵ڵãƴţñıڹ
쵰Һ˵
ôŭˣɱ𣬲ҽߴ𡣺ãڣھɱңҾԲỹֵġ
㡭
λСֵܣ˵һжǡȵ˸Ҷһ£˶ƴ
ɲǼٻȻѾ˵ϣűȵҲɵʱ򶯻ƴţġ
ƴţǵЦѽ˰ɣţүүͣ仰ЩһȳΪС


2385 ɱ䣡
СӣֱڵߵڰסǧҪСӵĻ죬ҿԷǳ϶ĸߴңѾ
Ѿɱˣʱѵ㻹ҪǿʶòΪϴԼɱ˵ǼѾͶǸʲô޵ɣңʱһûͶ޵ƴӻİɣҲ˵ΪʱһǲͶ޵ģͲڻӻ
ƴţ˵Ŀʵʵɶڳ˵ƴţ֮ǰĻǿŶȱȽϸߡ
ûУֻҸ򴨲Ͷ޵ȫѾ޵ˡʱǰڻӻġ
ЦЦģΪڳûһв½ˣô˵𣿡
ûһв½ˣ
˵£ڳ֮ǰûһˣڱƴţôһ˵ҲʼӦΧûһվ˵Լвǳǵġ
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ģв½һûǼλҲڳô˵С
λ˵Ķʵ
ãܺá˵ĶʵţүҾǱȵĹϵܿ˰ɡ
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ɱˣ˵˾ɱڡҶ˰ɣŮˣʵ̫ˡҸòῴұɱɡɱ˷ĸǿѽѵǾͲ뱨𣿡
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½Ҹɣ£ǳӷڰиĹһͲڵıǱȷìܡӦö֪ЩǱΪ½˶ĹףκһǱȳǰġѵ죬Ҫ½һԸԼ𣿡
ŴڳвǱ½ˣȲ˵ҸڣļɣӦվԼߵġ
ôһ˵вٱ½ˣ˵һҲûЩǱĵĻ½ͱ½Ǹռˣĵڣɻ½ľ䡣˵Ϊһ½׵Ļʵ̫ˡ
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ٸһף޵粻ƫƫǱ鷳ʱѾ֤һˡ
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ұ½ˣαұ½ÿһءȱǱ½ᱻǼϷֵġҸһ𣬰ȣԸС
½ʱȫվ˱ߣʲôᣬʲôأܶ˻Ƿֵģ޵ǽǱȵԮ٣ȳ⣬Ǿ͵Ǳ½⣬鷳ģǶ½ǵ
ľڣ˭ڱȷɱ֮
ͻأһӰһ֣ʮ˵˵ϣɱģȻǱ½ˡ
һûӦû뵽ɯɯûľطǻˣȻɱԼ½ˡ
ľɱˡ
˵ôôɱˡڳЩһͳͳɱɱɱһʲôҽЩһͳͳɱ⡣
쵰ȾȻȶ֡
ģʲô˼ȻɱˣҿǱ½ġ
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ʲô˼Ȼɱ½ˣˣǱȵ
̼佣ߣʵΪʲôľػӷأ
ӦǱɽǼһסˡȥԸľذɡ
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ֹе㲻Ծѽ
ʲôԵģ
ǲľе𡣸һһͨɱͲʲô˵ġǿΧͣ䣬ȵˣҲˡ
ûɱ˵ֶΣ̫ľѽ
ûǸͲľءӷ硣
ʲô
ûӷһʲôˣҲҪӷ絽ʲô
ļľһֱɱˣķ˶ɱԼȵˣҲɱɾȫˡ
ľ㵽ʲô˼Ϊʲôɱұȵˣ
ʲôȵˣǱȵҲ֪˺֪ɱ˻ܹԼ޹ء
㡭
ٷϻɱһ˵
ϣСӡ
磬סѽС̫ţˡ
ϷѶţ֪ͨ壬ϹԮ
һ֪ͨ켸λϹ
硭ɱұ磬Ҹƴˡ
ǼһǸӣǸɱ˿ǲĶ֣ˡ
ܡûţȫҰɡ
ľءӦǳӷ磬֮ϣνҪһɱˡ
ǼɱҲû˼ɱˣЩУ壬ɵҪҲȫ
ԣӷҪʱɱ̫ˣȴҪֵЩͷȫϹ


2386 ɱ¾
ѪζʺѪҺأǽϻϣһЩײϣͳͳѪ
ӷҲ֪ļһѴ̵̵֮û˿飬һȥһ̵̴˵ţƱ˵ʺüĴһѪֱߣЩ֤һ̵ɱ¾
ʱ˳ӷɱ⣬ûڣΪûκһ˻ȥӷɱģǳӷҵĿ꣬ȴҲ֪ЩǱ½ˣ֮Խ˵ˣԽ׳Ϊӷĵ꣡󣬶ûһ˸ҺˣΪÿһﶼѾ֪ӷרѡЩֻ֣ҪǰһǾ͵ڱԼ
ĵɫһĲ԰ףڱ½ݺôľǿߣûչ˵ɱ¾ѽҲûֻᡣ
ǰðƵľأ룬һﵽһôˣֻһеӣеˣȫܴڴ˵ֶѽɱ¾ֻЩӾսϾ˲ŻӵУҲֻ˲ӵɱ¾ֶΡ
ס֣ϸס֡
Ҳȥˣ˻ŵˣʣµģһƬѪ죬Ĳұ֤һ̣ӷĴ̵ȥ˭ҲԼģҲԼ˵ģΪҲѾȫԼܹӦģּٶȣǱ绹Ҫ˸ͷʤѽ
ɱ
ڵĳӷ˵Ϊ˴ﵽԼĿģĿõЧֻ͵ļɱȥסɱ¾ʱҪȵ½Щ壬ɵҪͷĿǸʱ򣬲ĳӷ֮
ʵ˵ʵڵĳӷ磬ĳӷ磬ֻҪ£ӷ籾ܳ򣬳ӷҲܱľأһɱľؽĳУħҲľشˣһʮȶļ̳С
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ֻӰ˳ӷǰЩ˱ǲʱģӷɱ¾ս˳ʹǲľվˡ
ӷһ۾ܿǰˣȫǴ磬ǵļǳףߵҲʹڶˣҼǱߣҲԲὫһЩ߼Ĵڷŵ½ģҪҲȥʥŮЩطĵ
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佣һ仰ûƴţһȴ佣ֹסˡ
ڳȥ͵ڸĳЩˣľǼٵ𡣡
ҸڵɶڿţҲ֪ƴţ佣ӷһģʱҳֹˣ֪ġ
һΣհɣ
ģСɫǵִҲǷǳͼġѾǴˣҪɱ͸ֻô򵥡
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˵һףӷΪʲôҪһͨɱʲôô
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ӷԺҼСɫѾ˸ˣ֮ǰ˵ڻҼŵ½һЩˣȻ˶Ǵ磬ֶɵģǾǻҼˡ
ǵĻС㶼ˣСɫȻҲǻϼȥҼĳҲѾںɱ
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Ҽӷ֮Ҳܲô࣬ͬʱϣӷΧ
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ৡ
ǿĵ֮ڲͣˣһ֣֪ԼǳӷĶ֣ȥǾ·һѽ
㣡ߣǲĶ֡
½ʲôʱǿߡ
˵ôˣٲ߾ˡ
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ӷеĴ̵ֱһ˹ȥ
ৡ
һһ˵ͷ̵
ͷ­ڵϣӵڵϣѪٴ
ˣҪǵҲҪǵͷ磬ա
ѽҪͷͬʱǵ磬Ҳ˷ˣʱһá
һɱ¾ȫѾɵۡ
ʱ֮ڣһǿľˣĻ١
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ӷһϲ½ҪӦö˰ɡ
ģˣѾɱˣҲѾˡͿԼˡһ£ȸˡ
䣬ӷҲԣתֱӴĺŷȥ
һ㶣ʲô˼ʲô˰ɱˣѽⲻһ̯ӸԼʰ
ĹҵһͣΪʲôҪɱǵˣ
鷳ˣ
֪鷳ˣǱ˸ˣԼȴʱŷӦ


2387 Ҫս
ռ½ʱȺѾȫ˱ȣеĿӳӷ綼ѾںˣеˣҲȫѾˣʱ򣬳ӷȴиΪӷҪģռ챱ͬʱҲҪñвΪһ壬ҽڳ֮ڴ£ӽĴ½Ҳûв½½֮ˣеģֻǳ˵в֮
Ÿȫ˱֮󣬱ȵɽ£һͷˣȴһɵŮˣŮܸҲΨһһܸòŮˣ
˵ڵʱ͵ŮôеͷŮˣڹŵ͵вһŮͬʱҲǺ½ĵһŮǡ
ǳǱ߱Ҫأȫܵ˼Ϊǳǵγǳӷնģô򲻵ѵʱǲ뿪ǳǵġ
ɽ죬вȻҪ壬ôвȻҲܵϳǼܹ
ӷѾźˣǴһ֧飬һ֧ԴвװĶ뱱߽ںϡ
һлΪʱ˵㣬֮ϵ黹ûд꣬Ҳ
С㣬ΪʲôڻѶţʲôʱŹϱѽ
ʲô̵ֲģֵطĿǰ˵Ҳʹ¡ڳӷѾɽ׼ˣֻǱ߽ƿסȻ֪ͨɽġ
ǳǵ֧װȫȵĲͷˣʵҪϳǻҪһֻûֱ߰ˣҲǳӷͰź˵ģԤʱ䣬ǴһĿȣ˱ɽº󣬾ͲҪǰˡ
ʱҪκһ˶ļҪ֪򴨵䣬˵Ѿص˱̹֮ʸˣΪвӷͳ죬ûгӷҲ
ڣγӷһᣬǳǿһ֧װҲһ׮Ըɣ㵽ʱ޵ӷҲǵʱ֮ˡ
˵У壬ɣŲ٣ܶУҲǱһЩɸռģΪǵһҲ͵õ˱ȵϿɵĴڡ
ǰճ˵ѩڣһʮСԼ˵ѩǵЩʮССļ壬İ˸ССɡ
ɲܱĳж٣ж٣ж٣󣬶Ϊһ壬Ǿǳ˱
֮ڣĵʱŷӦԼ̫ɵˣ룬ľǲǸӷһѽǣΪʲôľɱ֮ڱ½ǣңɵͷյͬʱȴܵûӰˡԲǸɺϣӷľزһģǾ˵һУȫǳӷ簲ŵģÿһϸڣÿһʱΣŵʮ־ܣκһ©ˣǿֹĻƣʵ̫ˡ
ĹһͣΪʲôҪɱǵĵӣ
ûĹǱհαȴϢ½Ǽ˹ЩˣȴûԹֻһЩȰӵ˽ܹġˣǱҲӦ´˶ѽɱôˣǲҪһ

ľɱ˾ˣһֻǸԼһ˴кڳˣûľظղǰ˵Щѽ
ҪҸһ˭һ
ĺƣݲھͽľظʧΣ֪Լû
ԣ
Ȼ뵽ľģǿʵҲֻǸԼͬһѽǶ˷ܸԼͬһġղɱʱչֳʵַԼѽ
ֲɵϣֻܶҪúõһ£֪ôˡ
ѵղǸ˸Ͳľأ
ĵ˫һתһ۵ڵϼٺŵʬ壬ֿ˿Լߵǻƴţ
ŻƴţյЦݣˣ⵽ôһˡ
ղǼһǳӷ硣
̾һˣˣԼױˣˣһǱˣת
ӷһֽһѽ˵Լʲôôֲ֪֮ʲôľصӣԼΪڰԼȵģɽأһУȫһߣԼٲѽ
ݣ̫ˣ̫ˣ飬һʮͷ˰ĵֶΣĻգҲ̫˰ɣһУͺȾѾƵģһϷ˶ⳡϷУⳡϷǴмǿ˷ֲʵϷõУ
ĵؿڣͻһʹֻоһӵﴦȻ
ۡ
ѪӱĵĿ˳ǰأ˵ѪҺһ

ŵǰҪסģɱȴһֹסˣ
˲ǱߵѪ˱۾ѵҪұô
ѾѪˣƴţһ˵ģװ⡣ǱȵɱЩˣɱĿɶǸӢۺúѽ첻ܸһĻҸұ֤ǱȽһܻ뿪
νǽӼ˶ҧˣѾƵزͣȫûˣӷ綼ѾƵزԼô


е죬Ǿ;սס
ǡ
һǡȣ֮вͣĻصţصš


2388 жδ䣡
ʵ˵ʵûκЭ֧Ԯ֮£ҪȺսıضǱȣڳûдǿߣԱһֵ֮ܵסǱȵˣҲһȥϾȺʵ̫࣬һ˾һ˫֣Ҳ򲻹ġ
սǾֻܵˡս벻ս֮䣬ģѾǸ˵ˣǹϵˡ
ĽսȣԸ⿴֣֮ľӪȴΪ˼£ִĽܲˣ
ʵĵ뷨Ǵģب£ߵ֪ǰͳߣĴڣǴӱ˵ｫ¸ûиǿߣǾֻԶߣĴ½ȴǿߵ£ߣ޷ȥͶϷǿߵͷЩĲˣʱҲƴĴ޵ӳ
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ȼȻڲʧ֮ڣǾͱضĵƣƶûУʱͳ챱½ôꡣ
νľսҪƬսһƬ޷սһƬ֮أԼܻ뿪ˣҲ뿪ͬڱװһʱը㣬һըˣ·һ
ŵˣȫվ˱ĵ֮УѾûһˣЩ΢еģҲ֮ǰѾΪľصĳӷɱˣ
ţڸôӦúɣ
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δйıѩı֮ڵĻѩգ֮Ӻϣһѷ֣ѷУȻһĽ⡣
Ҫһȶ˵½½˵ҵ񣬱Ƚ𣬱٣ôЩˣͳͳȥɡ
ͬŮ·ڣһλսϳŮҪƴġ
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ӷվڱȺɽٴηʱаˣɲϣͻȻľ䣬óӷ˶סˡ
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ڸô죿ǴĻĹ֮û˵ֵס
Ψһİ취ǽĿӸסϽ񷶦˰ɡҪ㣬һĹ֮½٣ͬĴ½ܵ˺Ǹʱ½ҲͲ½ˣ
Уﻹҵˣǻǳǵһ֧װɽ¡ˣˣû
ӷҧҧǶô˳ѽû뵽ᷢ˵ͻ䡣
Сӣ
⻹˵ԻĹţԻĹš
ĻĹ֮Ǳ㸸׳һģͲĻĹ֮ȴǾԴġ֮⣬ɾѰ·ˣȫû
ûˡߵ죬ˮѾ̫ˣҵˣҵİˣҵѣҵֵܽãһսһսȥǵסҾ̫ʧˡ
ǡ
˵ˣҲǻв񷶦Ӧòµġ
Ų߱䣬񷶦ʽģĹŻȴ˲䱬ʽģòҪԲ񷶦ǲĻĹ֮ĹŻƴɣ
жδ䣬ƴһѣ˭֪ߣȥ


2389 ɱ
ȶϳֵѺԽԽ࣬һǿӱȵĵصֱϣǱȽСģһǾͻȽȸȥ֮ͻȫըԴĻĹ֮˵һɺĻ籬һС֣ҲԽ½Ϊƽء
ʱҪˣѾǲܵˣĽ⣬ѾȸɱκηӡҪǿѽǴ磬ɾ磬ǳ岻ȥġ
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ĴַЦ˶ѾƵġ
ģ㵽ʲôѵͬھ𣿡
û죬ҾҪһȥҪ֣ȥֳӷɣһУȫһɵģ˶ȫݻٵġ
쵰ֱͲΪǿߡ
νľǿߣֻǶЩʱáǿѾһ嶼ûˡӷıƣұƵȵزѵһȥɡӷ磬㻹ڵʲô
Ĵ󺰴У֮ǰǴ֮磬˿ѾȻ޴档
ģһӷ磬һӷ硣ӷʲôطӰҲû
ûǸءѵͲԼһ·𡣸λ̫ǿ󣬾Բֵܵסġţڱȣһгȥ·ġһҪ·ҳ
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ƴţһǵǰ佣ֱӾͳǡ

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СǴ磬ұȥɱˡ
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ô죿𣬸
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УҲҪҵˣ½ҲһҪ£֮ǰһпɾͰ׷ˡ
Ǿû취ˣҪƴһѣֱӻ񷱾ɡ
񷶦ı£ӷֻھĵʱɹһΣʱĲ񷶦ҪĶ࣬ڵĲ񷶦Ѿ߱ˣȻҪھʱǿֻǲ֪Ĺ֮ķжѽ
ãƴһѣȻĹ֮ȫʱҾͻ񷱾֮⡣һŵ߱䣬ӦҲжɡ


2390 Ǵӡǣ
ڿΪ˱ȴ뺣˹ᡣģѽ˵һһףǲѾΪļҳ㷹
ӷ粻֪ʱ֮ڣһǳȺ۵ǰ棬űġ
Ѿﳹ׷״̬֪ӷڳ֮ǰȴûҵˣȻڳӷѾˣҲһβӷƴһѣռССıˣܴ򵽳ӷһ£Ҳǳ˿ڶɡ
ӷ˵ĻñĸӷŭһȷΪ˱½ûΪģҲܳΪ½ľ䡣
ڣӷȻ˵뺣˹ᣬʵܲסԩѽ
ӷ磬ʱ㻹ҿ۶ñӣ浱Ҷ𡣡
ñӣɯɯǼǸ⹴ᡣɲҪңͲ֪ɯɯǼԺġ
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ʲô㣬Ȼͱ𲻳ϡ챱½Ⱥڴˣж֤½ľ䣬ҲѾͷˡ
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ȵĻѾźĻһһеһУΪС
ɱҵʵ̫ˣôЩɱҵȴһĺúõġ֪Ϊʲôʵܼ򵥣˷ǳںԼΣʱ̣嵱УҲ뾡һа취Լȥġ
˶٣ӷҲڵɱ˵ǸرӣҲҪԼţͬʱҲҪڳûȫЩպ᲻ΪҵĵˣԺ飬ҽܹǣպҲȻɱǡ
ӷ⻰һʹЩɱȫͣ֡
֮£ӷȻܾԼˣǿЦİɣۿҪˣÿһ˶ȥӷƾʲôôˡ
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һĻȻڷܣֻȥˣҲһ˵ıܷӦΣʱһеıκζһԲʥŮͷͲܴʥŮκεľ
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вϱѾ˶һˡ
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ȵĻζԽԽˣ˵֮䣬ܾͻᱻ٣κˣܲˡ
ûʱˣٲ취˶ûġ
Ȼ˵ˣҲͲˡӽ쿪ʼ½͹ҳˣӽ󣬾Ҳûб½ˣеģֻǳ˵ıǶûĻڣǾǩһݺԼɡ
ǩԼʲô˼
ӷУһѪ֣˵Ըҳ˵ģվҸÿһ˴һӡǣӡǴ֮ҷѣǾͽᱻӡĨɱȻҲȥǿκκ£ĸԸģվҳ˵ģҾͲˡ
ӷ˼ԣģȣģ
ʱ򣬻˭Ҷ˵һ䣬½ˣȫվ˳ҲǸʲôӡǡ
ӷѪ棬зһһӡ˱½ÿһ˵ĶͷϣʹǵĶͷϣһѪɫĻӡǡ
Ϸ˰ɣ˰ɣӷ磬Ϊ˭ҵĻ֮ڣȻˣҿԼס
ܾܲȣȲȵˣ˵㡣Ϊʲô˲ģŵµĻֻҪӻĿӸסҲκˡ
û뵽Ȼ֪һĹؼڡ֪ΣҪסڣǾͱ뿿硣㵱ˣ쿪


2391 ֮Ҷ˷磡
ûӷȷֵס˴ĻĹ֮һҾԴ֣Ⲣӷû취ѽ
Ĺ֮ǴӻĹŻбģͬҽ㣬½λһֱһȫĴ½һɾǽһСֵĻĹ֮ɾ޴ƻˡ
ȻֹⴿĻĹ֮ǣڱ֮µǵϴɡ
ֻҪǵӸʹĻĹ֮޷һоǽˡԻĹ֮˵ͨĶȥӣ϶ᱻƵģҲ˵ӷҪһĹ֮岻ƵĶȥڣֶ˵ںĴ½¾磬ڡ
Ȼ粻ڵĶǻвĹŻͲ磬ͬڣȫԴģҲ˵ҪӸסҽĻĹ֮ѹȥ£ֻв񷶦ˡ
ڷĴЦȺ۶ڵȴųӷľʱ򣬸ûκһ˰˳ӷ磬ôۣҲֻܸӷˣ
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ʵںܶ˵Ͳ֪Ĺ֮Ϊ֪ģҲǼˣǼ˵ɫǳѿ޷֮£ΪʲôлĹ֮Ĵڣ
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ʱ˿̣ڵ˶ڵȴţǵȴĲǳӷǵȴȥĻᡣ
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ղǵңԶ֮һˡ
Ĺ֮Ȼ˴ѵǴӻĹŻѳģ
һӣʹԼʮһңһͷɫзͷ𷢻ҫĽ⣬ϴٺɫ·ɫĿӣɫЬӣһװɣҲΪˣʾһļ⡣
Ĳϣһ𻷣ȴǻƽģһʮĿʯɵģϴһ׽һֻ͵ޣ
ڽĴ½ʱ̳˽ǰһһֻ֣ס֮˹ԶڣҲɢһǿĽ⡣
½ȣɯɯѽɯɯҲ̫ʧˣһС㶼첻ã½ӷ֣֮
̾һԼ̫ûˣǳӷȫԼ󡣲ô̵ʱ䣬в½ڱ½ҲҪ֮ˣ
Ҳã̫ˣҲûʸΪҵĶ֡
Ҷ˷磡
꣬Ҷ˷磬ݣҪܣˣȴһΣշӣ
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һӣ
Ƴ˷磬ʯ
ںĺУƵҶ˷磬ɺʯģνʵ൱Ҷ˷ȣɺʯ̫˵㣡Ҷ˷ϾҶĶӣǶʮǰҶԴĻĹ֮ͳģǱ棬棬Ȼ֮ˣ֮ҲֻҶ˷ˣһֽסĹ֮Ľ⣬ԼںϣΪҶ˷籾ΪĻĹ֮
ɣ½ȫˣʸΪҵĶ̣֡ȴ̫ɣ½ԣҶ˷䣬ҲֻҪӮⳡϷĹҲǳˡӷ磬㶯ÿ㣬ΪҲȵ̫ˡ
䣬Ҷ˷תΪһ⣬κ


2392 ֺ
Ѿһ룬Ĺ֮δѾ֮ƻ½ʼζ
޵ڸտ½ʱΪ˵ķѾĵزֻȫֹͣǰϰսȫǱ뺣ףһǱضᱻ˴򷭵ġ
ʨţħûиӷһȥȣҲΪӷϵɯɯʱ޵Ҳǻɯɯ׼ɡ
˵ʵܼ򵥣ڳӷǱߵ㶨֮ǰֹס޵
˭벻½Ȼᷢ飬ڱȣҲ֪淢ʲô£²ϲȥһ֣֮½
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¸ʲôطûϵ˵ˣƵҲֻǸСɫˣǻҼûıȵġ
ǲ֪ʲô׵£֪һġ
Ҳ׵ǣΪʲôһֽԼܹԼףǾŰ겻ս
Цһ˵Լ飬֪Ҳޣ֪Ҳֻ˵ˣ˵ģǴ˵Ի⣬ش㡣
顭
ʱ򣬾ĻͻȻսʲôطһζ
ʲô£
Ӵܽ˵ףǺʯˡ
㻹ȥһ¡
ǡ
顭
һ𶯣˶еվסˣ˫۳ڿȥֻһ޴ͷսײ˹
ԣǽʯޡ
ޣ
תһһײԼսѽңΧսҲѾˡ
ʲô˭ġ
ףͨޣһֻ߼ޡǲĻһὫǵսײٵġ
ǶͣǼһһǳӷ̽ǵʵģǵսǧ֪
ѵͷײ𣿡
ȥһ¡
ǣ
¡¡
ϣֱӳʱ֮䣬սֱӱը˷顣
ĺХ֮䣬ַ飬͸޵˾޴в
滹ȥԸӦ
Ҫȥûš
Χת˼Ȧֱ֮Ӿ壬սˣںײͣģٵķתţƬףһССС


2393 ꣡
սȴûȥܶΪ֪һǾԲܹģ֮ǰ֮ϵĹʨǸţͷˡ
֮ǰңʱ򱻳ӷǼˣ죬ȻӷûǶͱҪһܷߡ
Сһı߸Ҫһ㾪Ȼġ
ͽȥԸԸһ쾳ҲѾ㹻ˣھȻȥ
ǣԶԸ˵ܿžȥԸʨԼھ޻ǰеҲȥʨţħġ
໡
޴ĺ׾Σֱӵ˾ǰǾ޴ͷֱӾͳײ˹ȥ
֪ΪôСҲܵס𣿡
סһҶͲҵܵ˿˺ġһɣֺη룬Ϊֵڳʱ䡣
Ȼ赲ԼΪӷǱ鷳Լ޵ʱɱϱĻӷǲܷġ
ȻѾ˵˳ӷڵҲϻֱɱǰ½
Ҳܲôˣܱ½׷ʲô£Ȼڳӷ鷳ѾܴˣҪȹ赲޵ʱ޵ӳӷıɱȥӷһ·ġ
ףͽˡ
ֱӳ˳Ѿȫָʮһ磬ò˵ƾԸˣͿԽɱˡ
ɶһܵ˺ˣʨֺγǣô˻ûȥ֪Ըһƴģţħɱ
˭Ҷֵܡ
ʨһпʨŭ֮µľǸӵңţħַа붫˵ȫһ½Ҳ޵еĴˣɱϾԵ磬Ȼһŭͨ壬ֱӳ˶
顭
ǿĳĲܵסϣɳֱӽɳ˺档

ʨһĻܵģţħһɳ˺档
ȥˡ
ǣ
ӣһһ˺档
ڵĺϣǸӵǿң׵ĺܶɽ˳һ棬ںγ޴Уһ󣬲ν棡
벻ǣǳһ̣Ȼ벻һĻӦ˵ʨû뵽Ȼһ˸סˡ
˭
ʲôˣһûм꣬һɫ·ɢȻǻ浺ķһģҪȷǿ
硣
ôֳһ磬磬ȻǴ㣬޵ͬһ𣬸ڵĳӷҲͬһ
ǿĻ棬ķԲﺣ򶼷һ𣬾ЩӺ»ɽһҲ˹ȥΪ
ţ½ĺݽɫҲ˵꣬ӦǺģԼƵߵģǵġ
ʱ򣬱ǱԼһĺǰԼƵĻ˵ǱߵģǾ鷳ˡ
Ϊȸݣûж֣Ҳֱȥѯʣ˵λѣ뽫¡
ϴ޼ɵЦݣſ˶һֹס˶л˵ұ·ģ֮ĶԹҲܣֻǴ˶ѡ
ԭ·ģ˵ģͺðˡ
֪Ҫȥʲôطʲôˣ
½ôߣУû˵һгӷˣ͸Ҳ࣬ûҺÿȽϲװƣӦøŮ
ӷ磡
ȥҳӷģǵлѣ⣬ƶ֪
Ƚֱʵӷֵܡ˭˻ѣ
ǳӷֵܣǾͺðˡϴȥ˵˵鷳ҪϹȥ
ȻǳӷǱߵģ»鷳ˡ
ʵҲʶ㣬ô֪˵Ǽ٣
бҪƭôմƵġ
Ƶǳӷѣ㿪ʲôЦ
ԭԼѽ
һƵˣˣǾͲǳӷˣղǹ˵ġ
Ҳʶӷ磿
λѣӷҵĵˣҲƵĵˡǸӷһġھɱȻȥ½СغϣһԸӷ硣
顭
䣬ͻأһֱӴؿڡ
ϼһǲ⡣ɱֵܣҪһҿЩˣȫɡ


2394 ˣ
õĲԪԪгѪ֮⣬ûκԪȼġõģһԴһ͵Դ
֮䣬ֱӾ˳ȥ㣬ҪɱһĲ㣬ǻҪɱһ𣬼ֱɱ
겢ûֱɱ֣һʮſ̬֮Ծˣ˵㣬ҲǴ㣬ҿǿǿɡ
ò˵Ϊ޻ȷͬһģԴȴǿޱȣ޻Ȳϵġ
ڻ궼ûԪʩչ޻ĵϸ
Ȼ˵ƵģӦԼ˲ŶѽΪʲôֻǳӷֵأң޻ҲǴƵȥ޵ģƵ˵ӦöŶԣǰ꣬ȴ޻δһ
㵽ʲôˣƵû㡣û´ĻӦĲŶ԰ɣ
˵Ǹõطѽһȥܿϧڻʱ򡣵ȻӷԸĻƵǶԴ档
棿
ǴޱˣȻ˵棬ֻ˵ǵˣǶʨһѽ
ûǴǿûҪƵһ磬Ҳ̫˵ɣȾȥǲȥ㻹ڿ˵Ҫõӷͬ⣬ӷֲɵӣôܻ顣
ӷ粻ɵӵĻɵģɵӣɵɵǿɵһҲѽʨġ
㵽ʲôˣ
ƲǺأȻûҪҲ˵̫ء
󣬾ҪȽݸףˣһӷغϣ浱鷳ˡ
˵Щˣ˵Ƶ˶ʶǣˣǿ֪
ˣ
ţ˵ǾǶʨҲ˵ѽ
ˣһôš˵ˣþŰǰһս˵ɣҶսۣʱڳǱߣһūһһ۷ĳǿߣһͿԵĳǿߣǵǿ֪Ŀ¡
ūһ֮Ƶĳǿߣǵɣȫ֣ҶֲܷȥԸģۿƵĴɸҪūʱƵߣͻȻһͬΪ۷ǸˣˣҲڳۣҶ֮£Ψһһܸū֮ˣžǵڣҲΨһһɣƵǱΨһһ۷ǿߡ
Ȼ˳۷֮⣬ͬʱҲƵǶǣΪκ飬˳ᢣսУ˲ɴĹؼڡʮʮǰҶ˷ʦ
ôһں⣬ǾǾ춯صʥۣҶ֮⣬ĿūƵˣǾ˫һλɼ壬ƻҼ֮ϣеĴܼҡ
Ϊ˶֪ǰ׻ô꣬ȻԾŰǰһս֮Ҳû¶ˣͷȴѽҶ˷磬ÿصƵһҪ飬ȥĸףȥݼʦˡ
걨˵ţⲻòþǼ󾪣СӣʲôˣΪʲôᱨˣһȻҪĵ㣬ʨҲҪţȻǵˣȴأĵˣΪµġ
ǺεȻ֪ġ˵
Ȼ֪ھͿǡˣҵʦ
ʲô
ʦ꣬ȴǳӷֵܡ
ⶼʲôʲôѽ
ˣϵֱ̫˵ɡ
ܣ˾ֻչҶ˷һӣһֻɣʲôʱ˱ĵӣ޻Ͳš
ǲ֪ҲǣΪֻһ֮ǰѡ
һ¡
ڿʲôЦһ֮ǰ飬һ֮ǰΪͽģ
ңҶе㲻˼ˡϼһҲ治Ǹ̫޳ˡҸյ磬Ҳ֪ôľܵƵȥˣϼһҪΪͽĹ򣬾ϰٸһ磬ҳһȻҵΪ˴㣬һ󷨣ͷʹѽ
ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ھֱӳĳ嶯
ʲô϶ʲô޳ܣ޳ܵӲҪΪͽͳһ¾͵˴㣬Ҳ˵һ֮ǰֻ꣬Ǹ쾳ѽ
̫ˡ
ʵ̫ˣ̶һ£һ쾳磬ͳһĳǿߣⶼûʲôҪͽ˭Ҳס㣬ҶҲ˵ʲôҲһѽ˭գȻһӷֵܣ⻹𣬰ӷͳһǿѽ
󷨡ԴҲΪǿԴû뵽Ҳ꣬Ѿģߵʲôʺˣ


2395 Ϲ֣ʮ۴
·ɱҧ飬κ˶ʹ޵ġΪҪǣ·ɱˣ˵ǿ
޻ûκΰڻֵռİϷ磬˵ĵӣһȲ˵ΪԴϣǵвѽ
Բﺣȫķ֮£ʹĺһǿĻˮ֮󲻵ûϨ𣬷ǿ
ιλܸܲһ£ӷ絽ʲôط
Զʵ
˵ĵӣ˵ʵʨɲ֪ǲϷģɯɯһģӷǱ߾Σˡ˵ǻ֪顣
ţħȴôֱ࣬˵ڱ֮ϡ
ȣǱ½ĵһ쵼㣿
ûڸϹȥӦûĵˣ治֪Сǻ
ǾͲõˡλֵܵģ˵ţҾԲŵġҿӦҲֵܵѰɣҪҪҰǽһ

˵˵ɣܽ޵˵Ļǲò˵Ǽ£ҪȫɱֻҪǴ˾ˡ
˵ǳֵֵܵܣǾͰ֣ǰɡڳֵڱȿʲôΣգ½Ƭ򶼻ζ
Ǻã˺ͽˡ
ϷͲɱ޵ˣһ涯֣֤ǳӷֵˡ
Ҫ֣˵ĵӣǿɲҲ֪ǲƵǱʲôµĶڻˣɯɯǱ߹ȫ˵˵ȥСҲҶ˵ʲôġ
͸һӣ޵ˡ½黹û꣬޵ӷ֮ĶԹҲûꡣ
ܣôô
λѣҪܾܰɣûʱǺģҪϸȥȲС
Ѿˣ㲻ö֣һģҲ˵ġ
ֻҪ޵ˣӷڳʱ䣬֮Ҳͷǳýˡ
Ҳȥ׷ΪƵйسӷϢŲ˵ġ
λȥ½

ʲô𣿡
ǱҪ֪㵽˭ֵܵʲôϵ
ӣǲѽðɣҿԸǣҸӷ磬ͬһطġֻһʱˡһǰŵӺ֮ڳֱӵǸʲôƵһ֪й飬֪˺½ֻ벻ǣҵǲӷ½ҾȻֱӵ˺֮һ
ʲô֣˵ֵͬһطʲôط
֪ǲȫԼǸӷѣֵܣȻ֪ӷʲôطģǲ棬һΪؼĵص㡣
Ϲңռ䣬硣
Ϲҡ

ѹ֮ǰǬʮʱǬ˵Ϲһ̫ͲӰԭȻƴţҪ絽Ϊڻƴţ佣֮ѽ
ӷȱٵʲôԼ֮⣬Լսƴţ佣ֻǴĲ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱܸ㵽Ϊ
񷶦ڵλֲÿζֱӳˣûʵҲ𲻵̫ãһлҪӷԼҪӷԼġ
û뵽ϹҾȻʱںĴ½һ˸̬ķ֡
㣬ӷͬһƵ˵ĵӣѧΪǿԴֻϹҸӷ棬ڽսУӷͶһǿˡ
˵ҲеϷ绯ƴţ佣ڶ½żȻõϹҵĴУϹұϹģȴƵ˵ĴУⲻò˵һϷѽ
ȻϹ˵磬ɾǸӷһģʱ򶫺ݣҲûʲôɵˡ
ԭϹֵܡϹֵܣȻˣ޵ҲѾˣϾȥȰɡֵǱ߹˴鷳
ˣһʣⱱ½׷ʲô£ΪʲôҸоһԴݻٱ½ӵ˵֮䣬ͻὫ½
ָо֮ǰҲУڻ֪׷ʲô¡Կ϶ǣӦøйء
Ǻãھ͸Ϲȥ
Ϲ붫˸ȥȵͬʱϲ½½֮ĺ֮أ̳֮ڡ
ʮˣѾ̳ڵõ˲ÿһ˵ΪҲô̵ʱڣȫʥ˶쾳磬һڶȡ̳ڵ磡һʮʮʮʮ
ͣĶȡ̳ͣе
Сѣôˣ
ϾҪۼһٸˡ
ҲˣԽ󣬾Խʹѽ
һҪס֮ҸоڵĿռӵǿˣ϶죬Ѿߵľˡ
ûڶѾ۷Ϊˣôо֮ϣиߵľƵġ
Ȳô࣬Ҳ磬иߵļҪģǽӵȫյ١ӷѾչȫսţ佣ǼһæģǱ뾡ȫȥӷ硣
ãҼһ
˵Ѿۼ˰ʮˡ
Ǭ˵Ҳǡ
ɽ˵ʮˡ
ǣĶ˵Ҳʮˡ
ҼŬա
˵һٸˡԣʲô£ΪʲôҵС濪ʼˣ
ɼڵı仯һС⣬Ȼֻɴ󾪲ԣ˵ǣΪʲôڳС棿
֪ѽΪʲô
˵ҲһٸˣҵСҲڷѡ
ѵǸߵľҵС棬Ҳʼˡ
ͬһ磬ÿһˣȫۼһٸ磬ÿһ˵С棬ʼˣһС棬ѳ
ʮ޴Ŀն˺֮ϣǿԴЩԴտ̳ʱ̳֮ڣһӰ֣ЩӰȻͳߣҲǰεĲ񷶦סǽԴȫ赲
ǿСѽ
Ѿķ֣ԼǿޱȣҲˡ
ʱ̳֮ڣ߸ʮϵ߸ͬһʱģ߸˵Ļȫһġ
֮ת֮ϵǿɳɳ


2396 ײ
˴ϹҸϵɽʱŷ֣ȶѾǿĽһһ롣
ʱ򣬸ͲϵȥǴ㣬Ҳϲȥġ
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˿ǰһĻˣ飬ǿǴûģа۵ţħҲûм˴ơ
ǳǶ飬ɽ£Ϊǵˣ̾͸˹
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ȻתͲϵƣʱ΢һ¡
ǵĶϴȥǳǵʱ򣬼ǣŮ˵òκ˼һǵġ
𼤶ǳӷֵܡ
ӷĶ
ǿ˶֪ϴȥǳҪޡ
ʲôʱӷΪֵˣ
ȻǳӷֵܣáǸϿ취ǱҪɽȥ
ɽϵ׷ʲô£ʨʵ
Ҳ֪ǴӵӷѶţɽġû뵽ͻȻȶǿĽɽµϲȥɽϵҲ²ǸͲ֪ӷôˡ
ţħ˵֪ôˡ
ϾаֻۣҪ΢һ¾֪ġ
֪
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Ĺ֮
ʨɫһıɫǲ֪ʲôǻĹ֮˵ġ
ԴҪǿѽĹ֮Ҳ̫˰ɣĹ֮ôȶ군ˣûһҴġ
ʨĵģţħС˵㡣
ȻĹܴ֮ݻȣ½Ҳ군ġ֮ǰ飬Ѿ֤һˡ
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ڿɲǹҶ˷ʱĹ֮һˣȫҪ
ûа취ɽȥ
²̫ܡҪͨĹ֮ǳҶ˷Ĵڣ磬Ȼǳ岻Ƶġ
ѵǾĿųֵ𣡡
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֮ڣ˶ųӷĿӣ¾޴Ľͬɽ緢ҽ㣬龰ò˵׳۵һĻѽ
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ˣȫ˺󣬲ÿⶴ벽ɱ
佣еĳһӣһָ˱ġ
ţֻҪҶһ£̽Сˡ
ģˡ
佣ƴţھ͸ά򣬲κ˺ΪһãͻӰ쵽ĳӷ硣
ӷںٶȳ·ȥͬʱĻĹ֮Ҳһ³壬һ˫֮ʱһһ
𣬻жԶ
ԻĹ֮ٶ˵Լ֮󣬾ͻϡ
Ǿʱˡ񷶦֡

ӷüĴһ⣬ֱӳȥ֮ڣһС֡
ɫС棬СĹ֮
ɻĹܱ֮ɵĽɫС棬ͬʱӷǲĻĹ֮Ҳʱ򱬷˳
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Сӣò񷶦ǰĻĹ֮ȫ
áƣ
񷶦ʱ󣬽ǰĻĹ֮ȫƳˣĹ֮ڲ񷶦ϣ޴𶯣½ζӵء
Сӣȥɲǰ취ϵԲ񷶦ȥĹ֮ǸͲõȵĻĹ֮Ⱦȫˡ
˵ô죿
ѪԪأӸС
вѽ
ûİ취ȻҪƴǾֻƴˡ
ðɡ
ӷ罫ѪԪȫ˳ǿѪԪأӿٵĸǣӽıС
Ĺ֮ĳʹĸոձСĿӣٴһһ֮䣬ӷڰæ
ѽѪԪظ͵ֵסĹ֮
ֵסǾͱֵˡ
ʲô˼
˼˵ҪƴĻһΣƴ
ֱ˵
֮ǰǿѪԪأǽ죬ǿһĻĹ֮ɡ
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ҵĻĹ֮ȣǼֱһһѽһãҵСᱻġ
𵹲ڣֻǻȽʹѡֻĻĹ֮٣ͬʱֲò񷶦Ĺ֮ײ̫ǿҡ
ӷѡеĻ治Ǿһѽ
Ļʱóӷȥ룬ӵʱ䣬ѾһˣҲ˵֮󣬾ͻĻĹ֮ײ


2397 ໥⣡
ӷɫС涼Ѿ⣬Χڳӷͣתţ
תĽɫС˵Ľ⣬γһɫӣС򣬸ϰٸĴȫڽɫ
ڻĹ֮˵ԭɻĹܱ֮ɵС棬ȻȻںΪһ壬ΪӷĻĹ֮ͺñһ˺ȵľ˴ˮ㣬ڵľٴκʱƾķӦĸ졣
ĻĹ֮ӷСʱͲһóӷ硰ĸоͷΣҲǶ£һ־ҵʹһֿ̹ĵʹ·ȫĹͷȫˣȫĽȫˣȫļƤȫˡ
ʹʹĳӷ粻ͣΧײţСҲʱСʱ󣬻Ĺ֮Сʱᱬը
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ʹӷʵǶס˾ͬڹŹǰΣ޷ʿôʱҲ޲ߣǵⴿĻĹ֮ǰСĴ񷶦֮ڣûʵļһѾĹ֮ٵˣ
СӣͼֲסˣǱȰϽ񷶦뿪ɡΪĻĹ֮Ҫڵĸǿ󡣡
ʼǰҶһսʹδйȸоĸоôڣоĹ֮Լо֮Ҫ
ϾǻĹ֮ѽΪǿĳһˣҲĳһˣӲҪĹ֮һԵĻģ磺ռ䣬ռ䣬ռ䣡
Сʹ࣬ңҲһҪס
ӷ罫ȫȫȫѪʢֹͣĽš
С棬һ磬һԪصѪԪأԪأڰԪأʱȫ
䡣
ӷʹеĴǰδеĿ£µɲǼ䣬ͷ·Ҫɱأ
߱䣬ãͬʱ˳ӷ󣬾޴⣬Ѫ⣬кڹΪһ壬ϵսףðܻ档
ܳӷôǿô࣬Ĺ֮Ҳ϶ԴҪϵһͷǳڵȺпܰĵأǿܶѣûоԵİա
ɳӷһֵסĹ֮ѹƲסǽ˵ǶԸҶˣ¾Ҷ˷ҲǶԸ˵ġǼһⴿĻĹ֮ͳġ
˵֮У˭ֵסⴿĹ֮Ļ³۷֮⣬ֻҶ˷ˡ
ӷǸЩܷ飬ÿÿ˳ӷ벻漣漣ǿȥ͵ģͨͳͨ漣Ƕһǿ˵ͳǿ߰漣
Ĺ֮첻ܸĴۣҲһҪѹȥ뷨ӷȫûУӲʱ˵ǰ㣬ȥǿԼĻĹ֮Ǽǲܵ顣
ˣ
ôһӷֹͣڷϵƤҲʼһֽڵɫǻĹ֮ǿɵġ
ǡ
ӷȥֻԼ߻кܳһ֮̾أ˴۵Ľ⣬ֽеĺڰһеĺڰ
ԽԽӷ˫ҲѾʼӦֽ⡣
֮󣬳ӷȻţǾǴִĻĹ֮Ǹһֽɫҽѽֽɫҽӵ㣡棬·ʱһݣʱ޵̬ʱûӡ
Ĺ֮ڣ֮䣬ֱãӷ翪ʼۻң󣬻Ĺ֮ǳΪһ̶ֹ̬һɫ磬һ޴пڣʱͨӿʼ󣬱
עˣĻĹ֮ǴӻĹŻѳġǷѳģȴŻĹŻò񷶦
ӷҲ˵˫Ȼһӣ񷶦˳ӷǰ
ڣŻĹ֮ǿĳʹĳӷͷȫ󵹣ȫƤҲȫ󲨶ϵսףʼѺۡ
׼ڲײ໥֮ײһײᷢʲôµ飬û˻֪
ӷղСĻĹ֮񷶦ײôĶڴˣ֪һײǻˣͬ½֪ʲôӡ
ɲôӷ粻ߣҪƴһѡ
СӣסǲֵܵסǿĻĹ֮ģʿҲ𲻵κεáڣ񷶦壬ΪΪ޸Լ壬ΧһУԵȥĹ֮⣡


2398 ţޣ
ѽõ޸ѵӵһ綼޸ڽֻһ½ȫͲġҲ˵ڻĹ֮½ƻͬʱȴ޸ģƻ޸⣬ҵĲ㿹⡣
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£ӷҪľǽĹ֮ѹȥܵʹ˿ķеȫܱҡġ
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˻Ϊһ⣬˲񷶦
Ҫ񷶦ΪӷΪ򣬻Ĺֱ֮ӽӷġ
ڱһ޴⣬ͬһ㣬ֱӳĻĹ֮ȥ
һ𣬶ʱ֮䣬½־޴Ѻۣƻ̼ܽ½
ӷ̶òã޸Ĺ֮񷶦ƻһУõٶȱǰҪգ֮Ѿȫ޸ˣ𶯣Ҳõ޸ֹͣ
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ģĹ֮ڲſʼı
ʲôڲſʼ
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ô죿
ôֵѽ
ȥɲǰ취ҲԶֵɡ
ȵֵס˵취
ٶȿ㣬ҿ֧Ų˶á
СӣӢۿɲôõġҪӢۣͱҪԵĴۡ
ҴмȥʲôӢֻۣǲߵܵκ˺ˡȫ棬ɽ»ǣҹƾҲˡҲֹĹ֮ˣȫû
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ǣˣֵܣ˵ӷҲ᲻һеȥǣǰҲˡ
˵Ĺ֮ôǿ󣬾ٴʹٸӷһλᣬӷҲͬѡģѡѹƻĹ֮
ʵڲУҾֱӳĹŻ磬ƴˡ
Са˵ĻһǾͻᷢ޷ԤϵĴѡֻǻĹŻֻˣѾˣò񷶦ĻĹŻײǹ½ᱻٵģǸʱ򣬾ãҲ޸ġ
취ھ㲻ֱӳĹŻ磬ҲҪɻĹ֮ڲУֻ赲ҿ̫á
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Ǿա
˵ףôĻĹ֮ȫս񷶦þ·һ
㲻˵
㶼Ѿˣһ˵ƨѽ
ô˵ȻѾˣǾƴһѰɡСӣֱջĹ֮
ȷ
ܲôˣԶʧҲˣ˭ܰǱ𡣡
Ļȱ˵ˣĲãӦûôܵ˺ġȽͷ޸޸ޣǣǱĹ֮ˡ
ޣ
ѽ𶼰¸ˣǻһֻ
Сӣа취ˡ
ʲô취
ޣ񷶦ػޡҲ޿ԽսĻĹ֮ȫԵ
˵ʲô޿ԳԵĹ֮
ܱ֤òԣ취û취ˡ
ǺãھͽĹ֮սͷޣܲܽĹ֮Ե
ڣߣѾ˰˸ͷľͷ޸ܵĶھһֻ˾Сè㣬ֱӶ޵
ģأӾȻôС
ޣֶʱһҲη壬ʱʱתͷͷޣ˼˵Զһ㣬ﶪۣ
ôͬʱǰһ˫۾Ų𣬲ǵڰβ񷶦Ȼʶġ
ϻƣҪˡ
ͷͷʱ˵ˡ
޷һ޴ĺֱӳǰ˹ȥ
𺰵СӣѾ׼ˡ֮ţŻĹ֮


2399 ף񵶣
ӷһ˲ãڵȫѾ˳޵ĶģͺҲܿס񷶦㡣
ܿƲ񷶦ҲûʲôֵģϾǲ񷶦ػޣڲ񷶦һ֣
Сӣ˵޺ȥվǰ档ȵֵĹ֮ʵڲеĻϡ
ڵõİУҲųӷһƴˣƴĻǲͬ⽫Ĺ֮Žġ
ʵ˽Ĺ֮񷶦֮⣬ӷҲûİ취磬Ҳֻв񷶦յĹ֮ܲ»Ĺ֮
޵ڲڲͣĻصţɳӷȴûģ˵޺棬ǲǳӷķΪ񷶦Ҫ񷶦ȥԿһеģԶվڲ񷶦ĺܵ񷶦ı
𣬳ӷֱվ޵ϣֻ߱˶̬ޣûпܳΪӷǸӷϵķǳá
Χһϯ⸲޵ϡ
ӷδڵ⣬Ḳ޵ģ飬ǰҲûз
ѵղ񷶦ΪǾͺðˣҲȫֵܹסĹ֮
ӷ벻ǣ޵⣬Ȼܱһףһס
飬ӷ粻ûм뵱ʱǸĿʦҲ޴һ׵ġľأҲޣҲףֻǲ֮ս£õġ
ֻףǸʦףҪǿ౶ľֻ޵ףҲҪǿ౶
ڹף޵ɢ޵ߣһѵѵȻʹõģӷʱҲʶĽߵĵ˳
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ӷʱоϣһǿޱȵŲ񷶦ͬʱҲżҰҰ֮鱱ŷеȴ鱱ŷҪǿϰٱֹ
˫ǰһӣϸǳɣӶ֮ʱԵĸɡ
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ӷԦޣԼ·͸޺Ϊһڣվ޵ıϣ˫ֵһޣֱӳ硣
Ҳ̫˰ɣҪȥԵĹ֮ģɳӷȴ޳Ĺ֮ڣѾıĽĹ֮Žĳ԰ɡ
Сӣ𡣳ȥʲô
޸ҵĸоǰͬˡҲðȥԻĹ֮ԸըȥûʲôҪһֱӳĹ֮ڣɢˡ
ʲôЦҪɢĹ֮ѾǷôˣɵѽ
ӷ粻ɵˣȴҪɵ£ΪҪǣôۣû취ȥֹ
ޣʲôҳȥ
ҲԥӳӷɲǾͷޣԲģͬΪ񷶦һ֣Ҳ˵ڵޣǲ񷶦
໡
޴޸ӷ磬ֱӳ˻Ĺ֮
ǾͷޣѾ˱֮ʱʱΨһһͷĹ֮ԵļΪ־壬˼ͺ˵޴磬ǧҪС
ôʱȻ޷ֱȥӷ磬Ҳʲôѽ
ãӣҪƴˡ
ʱ򣬲ƴˡϽеȫٰܰɣСˣǵĴҲûܰǱˡ
һֱôű𣬿ڱͬʱЩҲӷ罨ĸ飡Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼѾӷ統ԼˣҪҲҪģǸӲ뿴ӷܴĳЩ˵ӷѾǵĳ޸Ҫˡ
ͷޣôûϢô˵ҲǳĻޡڰҲȫһ𡣡
ͷ޺ǲԸӣȴһѸץ˹֮£Ҳֻܸһƴˡ
ѾĹ֮ڵĳӷ磬һռ䣬ΧĻĹ֮ڿٵתţûκεĿ⡣
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໡
ٷһ޴ͷֱӳǰײ˹ȥͺҪײһƵġ
Ĺ֮ףҪȥ;Բˡ
ȻҲҪȥײķɢĹ֮
ӷе񵶣һһĿȥȴ޷Ĺ֮κε˺
ɲǰ취ͨĹһöûС
ӷ罫һգ漴ߺʥҳ֡


2400 Ĺ֮ı仯
ͷΪĻޣȻŴӹ͸¶İԵĲǻĹ֮ͷȻǲ³ӵġ
ڲѾͷ޸ץ˹ͷ֪Լ·ˣǿֿµĻĹ֮Ѿ˲񷶦ȥɢĻǾ񷶦⣬ڲ񷶦ڵһУΪС
ӷƴôҲѾƴˣѵͷ޷벻Ҫȥһֻͷڹ겻ɡ
ǹİ˿Ѿȫչ˳ͷŭһڶͷԻʽð˳
顭
ͷ޸ðĵڶͷһҽֱӳ˻Ĺ֮ȹڻĹ֮˵𲻵κõġ
ͷҲҪĹ֮ڣɲޣûǵ˵ǽĹ֮ˣ¾ǿһ㣬Ҳ·һġ

һ˻˿̣˸Ѿﲻ˳ӷˣһлҪӷޡ
Ĺ֮ڣӷѾ˵񽣡
˵жôΪĹ̫֮ǿ񽣸κá
ҳӷҪģȴ͵Ȼǲˡ
һһᣬӷȻѡվġ
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Ĺ֮ת治֪᲻Ĳô˺ӷҪûĹ֮תֹͣ
໡
һ޴תΪǿ絶ۿٶȣΧȥ
飬顭
ײĹ֮ײȻ޷ɢĹ֮޵Ѿǿ˷ָˡ
һײĹֹ֮ͣתֹͣתȴڲγһС͵Ŀռ䣬ӷɫСͿռڣȻһҲˣ
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أӷѾˣȥˣڵϲͣѪԼȴĻĹ֮һ۶ûС
Ȼ޾֮·仰һҲġ
ӷ޼ƿʩʱͻȻڵС棬ٴ˳һĹ֮һֹƵģ໥֮ûнκεĹԣɫС棬ڻĹ֮ڸеһиС
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ڸˣûбĹֱ֮ѾܲˣĻܰ˳ӷѽ
СڻĹſռڲͣתţ·ӷ˹ϵҲڳӷˣĹ֮ġ
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ӷе㶣Ӧѽôܻᷢ飬ԼСˣԼˣȥĹ֮桱ԼأûС֮£Ĺ֮ȻȫǻĹ֮ѽ
ӷ֪ôһ£ȴûκܸӷһ𰸣Ҳû˴ˡ
Ҳ
Ĺ֮Ǵء˵𰸣ڻĹ֮С
Ȼڶκεвһʲô
ֱȥĹ֮ɣᷢʲô飡


2401 ߲㣡
ԴǿǿĻĹܻ֮һеʱ˿̾Ȼ˳·ʹתΪᣬڳӷС岢Ҳ֮£Ȼûиӷκ˺ڽӴһλĿ˰㣬ڳӷƮš
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û뵽ᷢ飬УһʲôԾĵط
ǵڵڣҲҪˣֻҪĹ֮ӷ޾ûκεΣա¾Ĺ֮ͻȻ䷢Ǹʱ򣬳ӷû񷶦ˣǲ񷶦Ҳ͵ˣĲ񷶦κ˿ƣҲȻκ˿ƣĹ֮ᱻãǸʱ½
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ԣ
ӷȻһĹ֮ʲôȻڸС봿ĻĹ֮
ѽӷСΪĹܱ֮ɵģȴǴĻĹ֮ѽǱ۳˴󲿷ġʱ򣬴ĻĹ֮СУ治֪ᷢʲô¡
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ѵĹ֮ǲĸĸӦоӷСͬǻĹܱ֮䣬ȴǺܴΪΪǿ֮⣬ǱΪǿڵĻĹ֮ҪӷСǿ
ӷ룬ǽ˹ʺˣ˵ǰ㣬εĻᣬǿӷĻĹ֮ҲС档ֻӷڸʲôС˴ĻĹ֮ȻȻľ˹
ȻеĻĹ֮ǵҶ˷֮󣬳ӷͲҪˣǴĻĹ֮͵ΣܱĻĹ֮ΣĻĹ֮κε˺С
뵽Щӷһʱ仹˷ܲԣϣǸҶ˷֣ԼС
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󣬳ӷ粻ɵվţʲôѽ
Ĺ֮ѾٸСˣСȴǱ֮ǰǿҲѾƶ˳ӷǰ
ӷһС棬оСе磬֮ǰǿ˲٣Ȼûб䣬ÿһҪԭҪǿü
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ôӷͲҪȥԼˣСֽ磬óӷһˡ
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ӷẰһֻС棬Ϊ⣬˳ӷڡ
Ĺ֮ǿС棬һӷĸоҲһˡ
ӷԼ࣬Ӿǿ࣬ڻĹ֮ڣԸоĵ
⣬ӷ绹֣ԼȻܿ͸Ĺ֮ˣĹ֮·һײӵ졣

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ɵоӷ֮ǰĹ֮ǰͬʱòҲǴһѡ
⣬ǡ߲㣡
ɣСôģȻһ𣬶һûԴ
ô۸ӳԾ
ȲЩѹ»Ĺ֮ɡ


2402 ˱Ԥף
ڳĹ֮ʱԱߵǽϣӷҲȥֱ˵˱ǰ
ôҲûʱȥѯʳӷô߲ģĹ֮֮ǰͣһ£ȻεУһǻĹŻǱ߸ָʹĻĹ֮ٴμǿ
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Ҫеڰ˱䣿
˵Ԥףĵڰ˱䡣ǵڰ˱ԤףѾܲˡ
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ĻĹŻ磬ǱҪھűȫ֮ġֻǻĹŻֻһĹ֮Եڰ˱ԤףͿԽˡ
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ˣǰɡж⾵֪һ֮ȥӣôܡ
ҲҪɿܡ㲻һֱϲ漣ǽǿʱҲʵ㣬걾ʱ䣬ŽЩ⾵ġ

ӷ´һŽе⾵ȴҪô̵ʱڽе⾵ӣⲻˣʲô
ô漣ҲѽǴ漣ֱǲɵѽ
꣬ҲֻӶѡǲϺͿˡ
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ҪǣҪвڰ˱䣬һأһҪһضˣԶܽвڰ˱ģΪٸҲûá
ӷףΪʲôڰ˱Ԥ׻ʱ֣ԭԤ׵ĵڰ˱֮䣬ôһξѽ
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һЦ󣬱ѾһеĹأȫҲѾͷ·һӣû˵ķɹһɣɡ


2404 һȥ
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˼ף㲻Ҫ˵ʲôҲҪʲôȻѾѡţֻҪǸŮˣѡġˣܵĺܲңı֣ҲŮеĿģ
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ȫˡ뿪֮һϽǱǵĹءԺ˭Ĺص⣬֪ˣҳӷ磬š


2405 ֵ
ǿߣû﴿磬½ѾţˣûС棬ʬҲ𵽴õģƳɷҩ֮ġ⻹Щˣÿһȵ̫ϳϣ½ҲǶĽɫѽ
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Ǭ£ɽǼʲôʱܹأ
Уپ׷꣬Ҷĸսʲôʱܹأ


2406 Ҫͣ
½Ѿʽӷ֣֮û˸зԵΪЩӱֻҪ뷨üĴѪӡǣ˶ڻˡ
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ҲͶڱ½ߵˣӷŻв½Ǳߣӷûκ϶ʲôֽѽ
ȻӷʱˣƴɱڵһսߵıӷȻῼǰǽӡǸԺ飬ӷڿɲȥֺˡ
صѩǺ󣬳ӷҸڸٱСУɣЩ£ӷͲòģȴҲ˵ǰ棬ҸС¶첻õĻȻҲͲҪˣõģȫĨɱ
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鱱ڸ棬ָ֮˼Ŀ꣬һǻƴţڶϹңϳ壬ĸǺȻǻ롣⼸ˣ׵ģˣʲô佣ѽѽЩ˰ɣһһӻң͵òʧˣ
ĿǰӷȫסңҲ㣬ϳҲûǳǣӷֻǽǴȻȥѡ
ϣƴţǻΪȵ鿺ѽܶʼʧˡ

˯ŵĻƴţΪǳӷ˭Լˣ̴Ӵȥš
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ţֵܣѽҲ֪˯ţߵʱܸǱߵĶԲϺţȻ˯ţǾѾ׼һҹþƺòˣǿԱȱĵġ


2407 ʶ
һоƺȣкöԣҲ˯ţ粻ãҲû̫ôȥʳƴţȻǲܾܾġ
߳䣬鱱ܺǿ룬Ϊҵģû뵽鱱ܵҹȻѩǵط
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ֻĵ³еˣҲ˵̵һħɣħĳ֣ǰﲻ˵ģֻҪԼĿ˷ԳӷŻѡĬΪӷţһ˷εħģ
ղſ鱱ܰѴţ˳ȥû´ĻӦͽţ
ͲµˡڱҪȥȹ̣һңǾԵķֻȥ̫һҸƺ⣬ǵ֮ΪԱȻҪ뾡һа취ͽңֲһףҲֻ취ߵˡ
ҾǵĴţԸֱֱȥģᱻˡ
Ҫôţ𿴴ţǼһƽɵģ²׵ӣǰɴûӡ鱱ţȥضѾףôţģѴţ̫ˡſɣҵĺöɲ٣Ǹ粻ã˵ѾϹҵĹϵΪѾ˴Ĳ㣬ķ棬ǲûеõκεĺô
ĺô˼ǣ
Ԫ佣ǵԪһֱûùûĻӦԪذɣ
ûҵԪأţǴԪء
ϹǼһӦԪأǵԪǿҲǵĸ޷ǵǢ
˼ǣһԪ
ʲôģԪǿԿַõġŲţϹ󣬴ţԪͻᳬԽϹˡ
佣ʱ˳ӷ˼鱱ƴţȥͲܸƴţʲôףᱻƴţթһƵ鱱ܻɫ֪жѿ
ˣ̣㡭
İɣȥ跿˯
˵ֱ߳˷䡣
ٷ鲻̫á
ĵ飬ڶ޷ƽ󣬾Ůˣ˸ҲûʲôͬĻ⣬ڽϰҲǱȽϹ¶ˣ裬ϰ硣ϣСѸɡ
˵ǣĿǰΪֹûǵϢ𣿡
ûУ˵治ںĴ½Ҳںɡ㲻õģûôʱΪܲţ֮£ţҪŬȻҲ뾡һа취ӺЩһ϶ȡ磬ġ
ʱ򣬷ű˿ϹҼææĴ˽
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ʲô£ǲ޵Ǳжˣ佣ʵ
ǣǣǬ
Ǭ
ӷʵǬ˰ɣ
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ʲôоǬʶôܣӦòںĴ½ѽʶôܻܹģ
ҾͲ֪ˣ˯ʱͻȻ֮͸оˡҺָоҲǺԶӡ
ǺԶ
ӷ˵ѵںĴ½
ѽǺĴ½ֽĻǲڱӦ½֮ڡ½ǾӦû֪ߵ飬ܲѽ
Ϲ˵˵òãѽ
лܲһ˵ġ
ģҸոоǬʶʱȷ̫ԶԾ½֮ڡǱߺһʮǿʶжˡ
ǿʶжˣ
ǿжʶôʶģ
ҾͲ֪ˡԿ϶ǣһʶҵǣΪʲôֻҸоˣûоӦҵľƺĹϵҵľƺӦǬΪʶУҸоһʮϤҾζ
佣˵ǸòʲôвǷѶŰɣ
пܡϷųʶܲҵǡ
䣬ӷ̽ʶųϹҸ佣Ҳʶ˳ȥ
ʶһ߲㣬һ㣬һĲ㡣
ʶݺ½ˡ
½³ǡ
մӱص³ǵˣѾڱ³γһ¡
û뵽ӷô˱½Ŀǰʱ½뱱ģû´ĻӷһĿ꣬½ˡ
Ǹô죿ĶǳӷĶ֣ȵĻ󶼱ӷˡֵҲû䣬һӷɱǸ͵ֵסѽ
ȲҪ˷硣ӷ±ҪһʱٲŸĶġʱ֮ڣҲ׼ɱȥڿʼ½ؼս׼ʱӭսӷ硣
ǣ

˿̣һǿʶֱӴӵ³ǵϷ
³ǵˣȫһ
ʲô£˭ʶȻǿ󣿡
ˡ
˵
Уʶڲͣţ̽½Ƶġ
ӷ磬һǳӷ硣Ѿʼжˣ


2408 ̳֮ڼ
ɯɯݺʷʫѾ½ΪٽᱻɱϢѾƵ캣ʮֺǿߺܿͻᵽ½ڻɯɯ˵治ʲô£ϾҶ˷֮ǰǲȥɯɯģڣƵٵɱͷϹģǸʱɱ˳ӷ磬ǿɾ͸ɯɯûκιϵˣ
ɱ֮𲻹죬캣ͷʮֺͷȥҶ˷һ᲻һдɱӷģͷɶѽȻĿūƵǰ㣬۷ľ磬ֻľ磬ֻҪӷٱ̬ҲĶ֡
£ʶӱǱߴɯɯѾϵӷһĿ꽫½Ҫ½ǾͱȽ³Ǹˣ³ǣͬıȰ㣬½ߵ쵼㡣
ӣľǼһҲˣ
С㣬ӷʱųʶ̽½ǲеˡ±涼ûȶʱͽ½Ƕ˵ҲܻоԵİյġϳӷһ֪ǵڵ³ǣɵûȫյ֮¾͹ɣ
ܳӷô֮Ҫģֹֻչɱӷ磬ֻҪֹѡ
ݺʷʫʵ˵ҶҪӷСģΣһΣﶼ֪Ҫɱӷ磬ҲǼ׵顣
˵ˣ½ʶӷǿˣȻһ߲ǿߡ
ڻɯɯݺʷʫӷΪĴ㣬ǻڱȵʱģֵʶУǵϹҵʶȻȻͱǳӷˣôӵŴ߲ʶ˭أ
С㣬ɺʯӷˣһǿ֮ܵģΪһѾ˴磬ӻʱ֮ҪָǾԲܵġҲ˵ɺʯǲܸӷκвˣƵĵĵǶ֪ʲôʱ򵽣һڱչأͲ֪ٽѶɱӷˣɳӷǼһٶȱеҪܶ࣬ҵġ
ǵĳӷܿͻᵽɾɣ
С㣬ҿɲֻǺúǰĵӦҲҿʵڲеĻӣ߶Сɡ
쵰
ɯɯݺʷʫ⡣
ǾҲҴ㣬Ը˳ӷ𣿡
Ҳ˼ֻ
˵ϻȳӷʱ½Ҿ㿴γӷôġߣȥ³ǡ
ݺʷʫΣ治ĻɯɯŮ˱֮ŮֱҶ˷翴УЩδܹʲôۡΣӷϵΣһΣһΣѾʼ˲ĸ˼άˣ̬ȥԳӷ֮ͽĽ»ҼǱߵͷҪ׷ͺڷˡ
ݺʷʫ֪Լֹ˻ɯɯҲ뱻ɯɯˣһ
ӣҪ취֪ͨҼ壬ûҼǱ˹ûɯɯˡ
ͬʱ½ĳɭ֮ء
һնƬɭ֮صϿա
¡һľڿնȫȫ
Ĳ㣡
ľΪȡ磬ʥȻ˴磬һƴţ佣һֱӾ͵˴Ĳ㡣
Ĵʵӷ磬ӵţһҪÿġ

ʶպþʹľصԱ߾ľصһʱ͸оһʶڳӷģһ֪һʶ
ӷ磬ôһΣ˴߲㣡ѽӷ˴߲㣬ǵʶ˭
ľеͷˣԿ϶ǣʶڳӷǱߵģ
̽½ѽѵʲô˲ɣ
ľǸϻͷˣһ֪ӷˡ
ѵ˹ˣ
ЩǻɯɯѾȥ˵³ǣҲȥմˡҿɲ档
ľԼĴ㣬ʲôҲû˻ĵǳӷ磬ʱ򶼲֪ľڴʲôע⡣
̳
Ǭǿڵء
Եʮ
ҵʶȻ˻
Ǭҿ㻹ǱѾˣ̫ǿ㹻ǼյġڶѾǴˣɣֻҪߵΪʸȥӷġ
֮ǰǽֵ֣Ǭ֪˴ɣڣÿһˣŬԼΪ˭ܹȵĳȥ
ڶˡ
ѴЦ
Ҳˣš
»һ𣬺λ˼㡣
̳ǿʮš
㣬ԶԶɣɾ磬òģʵڲУҲҪ﴿۷ľٳȥֻǲ֪Ҫõʱ䡣


2409 鱱ܵƨ
ѸҪߵһ㣬ϣ̳֮⣬ʶԵĸǿͣĳ̳Ϊ̳λͳߵķӡӳ֣ǵǿʶȫ޷ͻƣ
ͣһ¡
Ѵһѻᶼˡ
Ϥĸо
ϷȻߵǽǰ˵
ָоǡӷ硣
ûӷ硣
ӷ磬ӷ磬˵ûУ¡
ӷ磬ǬǲҸղŷųȥʶѾоˣ
ӷ磬ǣǲ棿
ˣֻӷʶѡӷ֮⣬佣ϹҵʶļһϹһҪ絽ѽ
ǬѾоʶ˭ģϹҵʶǬеޱȵ⡣
㡣쵰ˣΪȻ֮ϡ
ô죿ڵΪԻܼĻǻдĿռ䡣ھͳȥ
СѣˡھȥҲ̫ܡʵ̫ҿûи߰˲㣬ͳȥġ
ɼȻӷʶѾҵǣһϹġ
Ȱɣǹ˵ҲҪ̫ˣΪȥҲģͰﲻӷ硣Ҷ侲ԼΪ
ʮ˲ٶ˵ȫصԼλãԼΪ
ѩǣҡ
ӷͬʱʶջأÿһ˵ɫǳѿͬʱ˺ü佣Ϊףֱǽϣ޴ĳ佣³Ѫ
ҵˣ
ӷһϲͬʱҲһš
ǿʲô˵ʶȫ˻ŵ߲Ϊ¾͸佣һˡ
Ϲ˵꣬ӷԺв
̳
̳
ûȫ̳
ʲôطҵ˵
ң佣ߡ
á
ֱӾͳңʶӦķȥ
˿̵Ļƴţ鱱ܳҹݺݵĺҾƣͲ֪ӷѾҵ˻ʮ˵䡣
ţֵܣӽǿɾԼˡҪڳǰҶԼѽ
鱱ڸƴţףƴţܵµǾͻվһ
˳ӷֵܻԼңиʲô£Ҳǻкôġ
ɻƴţʲôˣ𿴳ĴĿʮϸģϴ⣬鱱ѽ鱱ܣǣ˼ҿǴӵģǸ춼ǹĶǵ磬ôܿ͸С˼û飬Ӿܸÿٰɡ
ƴţɲֱӾ;ܾ鱱ܣ϶ķ⣬ԼݺĻҲ̫ԲԼˡ
˵ѽǴڶԼˣαôء˵ʵɣҸĹϵǿǲһѽڵļ壬ҵļ壬ǿѽүү⹫ǿǹ飬һ̵սѽȥǲϵ˵Ҵ㣬ǳϱҿǳСӣСˡ
鱱ƴţֻΪƴţ˵Ը׸㶨ûȥ̫ࡣ
ƴţôһ˵鱱֪ܲԼҶˣǰλӷ粻ǹֵܣѽ
û뵽ţֵܸĹϵ֮ҿҪྴ㼸ˡǰʲô£ţֵܶղǡ
˵ҵȻҲˡʵҲٸһЩ¡һƴţһ׽֮⣬һɽ㣬Ľģλɽ㣬ǳĸ׵ĸŮǸ磬Ǹңĸףǹҵĵһ쵼ˣһǸɽΪǸԺ쵼ˡŵǻȥ֮ǸɽҲѾһĵһ׳ˡ
ƴţϵɲǺģɶʵѽ
鱱ܾ̾Լ̫ˣûȥϹǼȻʹǰλүˣ
ţֵܣȻڱһսҲǳμ档ǼֵܸĴ½ܶණػûСѾ˶׼ˡ
鱱˼֣ҵˣ̧ż˹
ӣӴ򿪺󣬻ƴţбһۣͼһװŵȫЩʯͷڶװһЩֵװĶȽر⣬ͬɫ
Ϊ鱱ܻд鱦ԼĴ½Ľ鱦ԺصһüǮġû뵽鱱ܾȻԼûƴţǲˬ
ʲô˼
ƴţܲ˵ЩӲ⣬ӻƽ鱦ֻװһҺߣ¸ҵģ
ţֵܣֻҸһѡȻЩֻСС˼ԺȻٲ˴ţֵܵĺô
ƴţɲ֪ԼʲôãֱӾ;ܾҾΪ˸ĻһˡЩҼҶǣҪġݰˡ
ţֵ˵ꡣ
鱱ҲˣƴţǲֻΪ̫ˡƴţ֪񣬿ɲѽ
ţֵܣĴ½»֪㿴һӣƷĲϣÿһֲϿɶǼƷѽ˾һӶҲģȫҵءڶӶһЩһʹõķ˵ֻʹһΣÿһǳģʹǴ˭˭ѽȻţֵ񹦸ȻмðˣʲôʱôֵʱֵĻ𵽷ǳáҿĳţֵǴԪߣȫǴԪأ԰ţֵܽԪһġ


2410 ̳٣
ӶƴţȻƲۣҲֻ˵ƴţʻ˽⡣
ںĴ½νĽǮҲֻ𵽳ԷȾƵðˣģһҲûУϺĴ½ʵΪģ˭ʵǿ˭ϴԣ鱱ܽ˰ӶԶԶҪЩõĶࡣ
ȻȻ鱱ܶѾˣҲжԼôģƴţȻپܾ
ȻˣӴԪأھһ¡ģͽȰȥҷɡ
ƴţ鱱ȻǸ֪ͳȥЩǶ˺ںӣ뵽ʱҳʲô£ûƴţڳӷǰ˵ûƻƴţʱװһʲô֪ӣ˵ѾģʲôʱľȻӣȻ˵û֮£ҪһٵģٸһΡ
ƵǸʱ鱱ĳ嶯ˡ
ȻȻҪʼͽӷߵˣƴţӷĹϵٺãҲֻͻƴţһˣЩˣҲǶҪ͵ģֻҪͣ˭ӷĹϵã͵Ȼ͸أ
ãдţֵ仰Ҳͷˡ
ʲôдӦʲô˵ҿҪȰѳ˵ǰ档Ҷ£ֻ˵һƬТģģʲôҲûѽ
ƴţ˼ֱӾܾ鱱ܣֻô㶫ӣŶûС
Ȼ鱱ֲɵӣ᲻׻ƴţ˼ƴţҪ˵ĻҲʱѽڶɶأû͵ƴţȥأ͹ȥˣҲ
ţֵܵ˼סҲѾ˵ˣЩֻҸһˣԺ󻹻иõĶŵġ
ҲǸ̰ĵˣûҪ͸࣬õĶҡȻƬĵĻҲֻܷǳ˼ʱˡҪЩֻҪ˵һұ֤
⡰֤֣ƴţĺܳǳе˷ָˣ˼Ҳȷûѻ˵֮ǰѾǸϽ˵һ仰ùӳԵġ
鱱ǸôԲѽԲҲɲѽ
ţֵܣͳȥĶȻûջĵȻڽϵ飬͵ûûңҲû㡣ô

ƴţЦһ˵һͦϵ𡣡
ȻʵҽţֵһСҪдţֵܰæġ
ô񲻰˰£ôҲ˵ȥѽ
ƴţ֪鱱ϻ쵰ԼӦҲԣǹڱߵĹ⡣
ڱҸͬʱЩҸȥձ٣û´Ļ鱱˵Ӧþ¡
ţֵҲ֪ʱҸڵˣֱȥ
ĵ鱱˵ͻȻƴţȻһ̧ͷͼҹеȻǳӷ磬ϹҸ佣
ʱܳʲôµġ
ƴţ̽˻ᣬ˵лһ˵ԪѾյˣĶ͵ҷȥɡ
䣬ƴţж죬Ͳ鱱ܶ˵һֵĻᡣ
ৡ
ˣѾʧ鱱ѽ
ôˣǼȥʲô
ѵȥ½Ǹ򣬿ȥ½ѽ
䶫
Ȱȥʹƴţȥ»û꣬ȻҵǾͱҪ顣
ǣϾͻȥ
ҹУƴţٶ׷˳ӷˣҲڳӷϹҷɵĲǺܿ죬˵ǻƴţ׷ϣ佣ӷһͬɵҲǸٶȵġ
磬ʲô£
ҵˡ
ʲôطǲʲôΣգ
аɣ֮ǰʶҵǣ˵ʶȫ˻ֻ֪ڵľλãǱߵ׷ʲô¡
̳һͳߵӪأһ񷶦ӪأǸط궼ûȥû뵽ϣȴȥһˡ
ᵽ֮󣬴ǧҪСһ㡣ǸطܻΣյġ
ģĸ֣ǵɣӦҲܸ˺ġ
ȷӷѾǴ߲ˣϸǿ˵ĻĹ֮񷶦˻ɯɯҲҪκεĵġ
ԼʮңӷѾ˱½Ͽա
պãѾ½Χ֮ˣǧǱĺǿ߷֣鷳ġ
ףֵܣǬڵλãôжԶ
ϲĺ֮䣬ֻҪɳͨϲĺϣͿ쵽ˡ
ֹʮӣӷѾ½½ϲ½֮ĺ
ͣ
ĸͬʱֹͣ˷Уӷ˫ȥӦþ̳λˣƬ֮ϣʲôûѽһ齸ʯʲô̳


2411 СʥŮѣ
֮ϣԶܰ޼ɵĴţֹķţҲǺڰɡ
죬ӷȴһƬĺ
Ƭ֮Уûκεĺ磬֮Ҳûκε˻ˮһҲͬһƬĿ£µϢ
ѽƬУԭһ޴ĺϿȵģ̳ͽϿȵλá
ڳӷԺ
ȷһϿȣ
Ȼ½֪飬һǳصϿȣ˭ϿȣʧңϿҲһǳص֣ʧϿȡ
ȴʲôһƬᶯĺ֮⣬ʲôҲûѽ
ǾȥҲ﷢ʲô飬Ͽȳ˺ס֮Ա֤ϿԶʧģΪ̳Уλ񷶦ӳַӡ㸸ףҶϿȸٵ򣬾۷ǿҲ첻ȻҲţ㸸׳ۣҶôĵġ
ӷ˵ͷȷԼĸ׸Ҷȷȥôĵ飬һϿҲûκε塣
̳Ѿ˺ףȥ
ӷԻƴţ˵
ãȥ
䣬ƴţһĺȥ
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ǡ
ƴţǿĳճ嵽ϣϣȴһǿķ˻
ɣ⻹ǺôһƬƵġ
佣ԡ
һɫ⣬佣ٴγȥ
顭
һ佣Ҳ岻ȥ
Ϲ˵ɡ
ǿĻȼϹҵȥ
ΣϹҸûںϣԶֹͣ
ͷֱ棬ܿеֻ
ɵ˳ӷߣϹҡҡͷһеֳԾεӣ˵ֵܣ㣬Ҳǳ岻ȥġ
ϹǴ㣬ӷǴ߲㣬岻ȥǻ²ȥˡ
ںϣһǿķ㣬Ƭȫӡű˵ǴˣǵɸһƳ
ӷ̾˿˵⺣֮ϣѾλ񷶦ļӳַӡˡ߸ļӳַӡ˵Ǹµȥġ
ʲô߸ӳַӡ磬˵ʲôˣ
Ĵ½߸ǿߡ
ǿߣ
ոȥģѽ߾ѽѹԼ˻⺣涼岻ˣĳǿ߼ӳֹķӡòѽ
岻ȥֻܴҪ̳ڵļӳַӡԶˡ
ٴ
Ҫȵʲôʱ򣿡
ʮ̳֮ڣһ̳ǵΪֻǽ̳ڵյӳַӡȻҲͲˡʵûҪ̳ʮ̳Ƿǳȫģûܽȥɵǳصʱͻʮǿߡ
ʲôɣ
ûλ㹻̳֮ڣǱҲЩһʮˡСҲôҪΪɣҲһʱ̵飬Ϊ֮ǰǲܳصġȻ磬̳֮ҪƴţǼͬлΪɵģһоͿɱǿˣɱԽ࣬õͻԽ࣬ԲƣٶȣΪܿġ
˵꣬Ͳٶ˵ʲôˡ
ɲôܻʮܷ̳ڳɾ͵ɣԼ˼ȻˣͲܰһɰɣҪȡϵУȷǶǰȫģӷܹ
ûа취ȡϵ
ǵңȻûġڣΪСҲˣپҲûãӱԲ񷶦룬ˣλɶǲ񷶦ǼӳֵķӡȻҲŲ֮еġ
ӷЦһѵһ˻ǰ
λֵܣӣֿˣ
ϹȻת˶
ӷҲ֮ȥֻǱߣʮ⳯ӷ߳˹ǰģһȽСĺ⣬ʮǿĹ׷ǵСĺƵġ
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طʲôطѽ
ǾߣԽԽáЩ˺пǴӶ½ģܱǷ֡
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СĺѾ˳ӷ˸ղڵλãѾûֹͣ
һʧȻȻ˳
߿еĳӷ翴֮ˣȻһŮͲǺܴ󣬶ʮӡ
ңŮӷȻ
ⲻǰʱһȥǳǵǸСʥŮ𡣡
ûŮǶ½ʥŮСʥŮɫ԰ףˣǴӶ½ɵģһľˣһһ·˻ܳһξ룬Ȼʵ˵˵֮£ǲܴӶ½ɵģ
СʥŮѾ·ˣ־ܰɡ
׷ʱ֮䣬ͽСʥŮΧ
СʥŮûκεıΧԼʮˣÿһ˶Լ֮ϣҪǿ࣬ӣԼ·һˡ
ҲЩͽġ
ͽ
ѵ׷ɱСʥŮˣȫǶ½ʥŮ
߿еĳӷЦһ⻹һϷѽʥŮһǷսҪСʥŮʥŮ֮λ
СʥŮڵĴԣСʥŮⷽѾˣʥŮѾ֮ˡ
ã
ſֵģһ룬ӷ֪鷳ˡ
ʥŮսСʥŮ׷ɱˣʲôǿ
ɣƵҼˣ


2412 ·٣
ӣɯɯʼԶ½ˣ
ţɯɯǸŮ˾ȻôͲסӣ֪±֮һĿ궨Ȼ뱱½ȴֱ¶½֣ƾϲͨ³ǣҲѾȫҼ˸סˣ
ȷɯɯѾȫ˷ִ磬ڳӷΣһû潻Ͱڻɯɯ˵ȷǺܴҲָֻܽ쳤ԭŵҲȫǰˡ
ʵҶ˷罻ɯɯֹֻסӷ緢չûûɯɯȥ飬ڻɯɯ˵ҲǼ£ֻҪǻҼǱصȫͬһطӷ濹Ļųӷڶʱ֮ڣǾòһġɯɯû˵ңӼߵ֮£벻ô࣬ôԶˡ
佣˵ҲãɯɯǻҼǱ½ȫɢ˿㽫½쵼ȫסֻҪҲ̫ѹ
ǻɯɯھŲ㣬﴿۷ľ磬ҲὫġϾӴսȫеģûһսϵãҲֻǲҰܵ³
ǵģľػң
ûھǵľءǼһֱǸ쵰Ķڻڣû㽫ԡɯɯĲ֣ɵϰķʽһľذָһ£ŻɯɯһϷӦġʱҼȫۼ½³ǣҪǷǳˣ
ľѾˣȡһ߲ǿߵ磬еʦ֣ҪҲǼ£ʱѾǴˡΪ˲ǷҲһ뾡һа취һΪεĵطġ
ȲǼһˣɯɯĸľȥҲ׷ŹľصģӲľصġǻ취СʥŮɣϾǰ̵ġ
ӷ֮ǰֻ뿴ϷɼȻСʥŮǳӷͱҪˡ
ڵ鱾Ͳã֪ӷ翴СʥŮʥŮͽɱǹ̵ʧġô̸ʱ򣬵һʶ˾СʥŮСʥŮ̽㣬ƺӷͱҪСʥŮ
ɳӷû뵽ǣҪСʥŮʱͻȻڲԶֳһǿ
ˣ
һĳǿߡ
ٷɸһ㡣ң㻤ס佣һסţҪԷǵĴڡ
û⡣
СʥŮʮʥŮͽΧɱʵֻҪһ֣СʥŮǱɵģЩˣ治ЩˣԸôСѾͷǾȻֳ
գ֮䣬СʥŮͱĿѪ˵Ļס˵˺
ǾԲᣬᱻЩͽɱġ
СʥŮҲ֣ȻѾزЩһǻԼ˶Լʹ졣
һƣֱӾͳԼؿڴ΢С棬ҲҪʧȥâˡ
ʱСʥŮһǿ
û뵽̳ûȥ½˲磬ڵΪص˴ˣ
һŮˣСʥŮߵϿգŮˣǱ۴ˣܵǸŮˡҪ̳ȡ̳ڵָԼΪģû뵽̳뺣ףŮֻ֮ȥȴ½նɱ˲ǿߣ˲磬Ϊܿͻָ˹
ԭǴǿߣǼ𽵵ˣҪָҲ˳Ҫֻ࣬ڶС棬Ҳ࣬ͲԴģŮˣɺʯҲˣֻҪӵ㹻磬ǿ֮ɵʧϲ
ʮˣÿһӵʮ硣ӣҵǲġ
Ů䵽СʥŮǰûȤһСѾͷ֣СʥŮǵ磬ҲͲ
ʲôˣ
ʥŮŮˣȻΪСʥŮģСʥŮѾȫˣ㻹мҲӵǿƣƣʥŮ˲
ȰԼ͸ңҲҶֶˡ
Ҳ̫Ե˰ɡǿǶ½ʥŮˣ׷ɱСѾͷġ¾ȻҪǵ磬Ǻε
ҽʲôҵʲô½ʲôʥŮͳͳǹƨ
Ϊӷˣһ㻹ֵضûУŮҲֻܽŭЩСɫϡ
Ǻڵ
ڵ
Ĵ½ȻҲкڵ
ʲôڵ׵ģ罻ǲ
Ǻˣ

һȫµֳ˳ӷĶСӷҲȥʲôﻹ̰ˣǸŮˣóӷȤ


2413 壡
磬ŮǴðѽȥŪѾģǵ硣
ƴţ⣬ҪȥŮ˸ŪŮˣţֻһѽʵǿְԵţпǺĴ½ĺڵ
˵ӷ绹ûںĴ½źڵĴڣɼȻʥŮ˶˵ˣǾһеģֻЩڵϵĿǰλûûг֣ǶȨϵһȤûУһֻ·ٰˡ
ȱ𼱣˵ǸŮʲô·ǻ֪ʥŮȥĵװɡ
ӷҲżСʥŮʱûΣˣǸŮˣΪҲֻǴѣҪɱҲֻ̼飬ͲҪʥŮЩᱻߡ
СʥŮΪ·һˣϣ·ɱôŮˣСʥŮ浱첻
λ㣬ǺʵҸǺĸҲһ֮Եлˡ
죡ҳ֣ûκιϵֻҪǵˣٶ죬һɱ
СʥŮһŮ⻰ԼģǵеͲȥ۸ߣŮˣȴҪԼһɱȻͲǺˡ
ʥŮŮ˵ĻҲѾܹ϶ûκιϵĻʥŮҲͷˡ
ʵںĴ½˵һǳĴڣһλ½֮ĺڵӪⶼǮƣֵģʱʱ·һҪĳͣɲǽ鱦ǸֲͬĶ鱱͸ƴţЩȻ˳һΪĻǺｫ᲻һдȥɹи
ｨʱ䣬ѾйˣҲ˵ڲʱѾˣȴû֪İ˭İԵļΪأŮ֪ǺڲĳԱҲ֪
һ£ǲ׳ֵģһ֣Ǿ˵ǽӵһʴ⣬Щ⣬½֮ĸ߲ίеģ½óһЩ飬ͻҺ
Ȼ˵ֻҪǮͻе⣬ںԣǲӵġһɱͨˣڶͨˣûսԵҲӡ
ʵǰָͿԺԵΪκΪ˶Ըһͨ˶֡ڵҪģ㻨ǮȥһǶûսԵ飬ǲᱻֱӾܾᷴ׷ɱΪΪǿǺǺЩС£ҲϺ
Ȼ֮½дĲûжǣǺﻹһ棬Ǿǽٸƶ½ϵЩͨˣΪûʵĹϵױǿѹǸʱ򣬺˾ͻᰵгһĺڵʣĲʲôȥǡ
ֱֽ񣬺ǴڣҺڲҲѾȵҪǿ࣬ܶ౻½ǿߣѡ˺
ԳӷĴ½֮󣬾û˵ɣΪʱ˵⣬ڲ⣬ȴû֪ڲ׷ʲô£ֻǿԿ϶ǣûаëǮĹϵ
Ů˵ĳ֣ʥŮΪǺˣ·ٵģɼȻŮСʥŮŹΪ;ԲǺˣ֮ˣ죬ԲɳѹСġ
ȻǺˣʥŮҲͲҪŮ˿ˡ
ҹʥŮ£ǵ硣Ҳ㵽ͷˡ

ৡ
Ůһֱ壬ɡ
ʲô
ǿʥŮȫˣ
ⲻܣȻԸЩǿ߿ˣŮѵҲǺô
ã
ӷһѣû뵽Ů˳ֵٶȾȻ֮죬֮䣬ܽʥŮȫɱȡǵ硣
Ů˵ˣԼƨѽ

ӷ֣һѪ⣬ֱӳŮ˳ȥ
顭
ϡ
Ů˵ķӦٶҲޱ֮죬оϷв̽еĳһᣬӷ
Ů˱еɳӷȴûУŮʱֵܵסأ
顭
ӷ΢΢һѹֱӾͽŮ˸ѹ˺ϡ
ף²ȥģŮ˾ͬվ˵ϰ㣬Ϻϼӳֵķӡһɾ޴ķŮ˸ӷһȥ
¡¡
޴ĳʥŮʮˣȫˣСʥŮҲ³һѪȥȴ佣һֽסˡ
û°ɣ
佣ʵ
ǡ
ģڣûɱ㡣
СʥŮղûпֵǳӷ磬ܵһϳ
лˡڱҪߡ
ڵ壬߲ˡ
УҪȥˣұ𡣡
ɱʥŮЩˣͰ㱨𡣡
㲻ҵĳ˲ǣֽʥŮˣˡ
ŶȻǺˣӣʥŮѾҼˡ
ô֪Ҽ壿ѵǡ
Ǹǳӷ硣
ʲôӷ磿ǳӷ磿ǲҲˣ
㣿˭ѽ
ѽ
佣СʥŮɿ㣬⻹е˼
ûȥСʥŮ佣ҲûȥܳӷǱߡ
ǸŮҲʹѣԳӷ紿߲ʵҪɱ̫ˡ
ӷŮˣܸоŮϵϢЩ֣һʮǿֲģһǳ΢
߲㣡Сӣʲôˣ
Ů˼ӷǿ죬ԵдааĴڣŮ˺ǳԾ
㲻ù˭ֻҪ֪ҵ⣬ҾͲòֹ㡣
ŶҲǵ磿
˵ˡ
СӣȰñڵġ
Ŷһ㣬ҲҽҺڣ㻹浱ţĺѽ
ߣΪʵֻǴűѡ֪ұ塣
Ҿ壿һʶһ£ʲôҳӷ塣


2414 ţ佣
ӷ磿
ʥŮЩ˿ûȥ½ϵҲֻ˵ûӷ籾ˣӷţѾ½ˣʮҲѾ쵱Ĵˣڳӷ±Ƶɺʯ֮ź󣬿˵ĵĴڡ
˵ǰСǳӷ磬ʥŮЩһ֪ԼСɾҪˣԼʥŮӷ֮䣬ǿѽԼʥŮǲܷŹӷģʥŮѾĻҼסˣӲӷݡڳӷ磬в±Ǳ飬һ죬ӷĴֱӶ½ģʱʥŮһսԻȱһսӾո̼
һʥŮЩһȻȻĲһη壡
ǳ
˵Ȼ֪˭Լ罻ҪҶ֣ҪҶֵĻǿɾͲǶǵˣͬǵʵ壬Ҳһ
ʵ壿
ӷҲ̫˵ɣ˶磬ҲСѣɵ˳ӷȴҪͬʵһⲻò˵˵ֶΣĴ½Ҳѽ
ӷ磬ʥŮڲ飬òò֡ȻǶ½֮һսģڡҲ֪±½ڱ½ľƻûȫȶʱͶǶ½ѣǶһôûС
Ŷ֮⣬вң浱Ҳھ͹Ƕ½𣿡
ʲôҵģĶЩˣϲĶ֡ǣӷ磬ҲҪ̫ˣ֪죬˵ĵǿϣǿ˶ȥˡ
˵ģǺЩ˰ɣû´ĻǶ½ʥŮϲ½ͨ½³ǣȫѾҼ˸ס˰ɣ
㣬ô֪ģ
ʥŮ˻ΪǸܣǲ֪ˣرǳӷ磬ΪɯɯİţΪ˵ʱܶԸӷġ
СʥŮĽɫԭ˵ʥŮͲмȥ׷ɱˣ½Ϣ˳ӷ磬óӷǰ׼ͻĺ鷳Ҳܸӡ
û뵽ӷȻѾ֪ˣȻˣԼҲûʲôˡ
Ȼ֪ҲӦĵڵͲܸĻҼ嶷Ҽ壬Ƶĵһ壬ƵһôĴڣЩ˲Ҳûʸȥ˽̫࣬ȻСΪУǹƵҼ飬Ӧûɡ
ЩһҲ֪֮ģ֪Щǻûʸȥ֪ӷȴͬ
һɯɯҲΪһѣӣǸͷԡ˵ЩˣɯɯˣҲռκεıˡ
ӷ绰䣬ֻΧϣγһΣʥŮˣŮڣȫסˡ
磡
ʥŮ˴󾪣û뵽һӷ磬ҲǿʵһվԼЩ˶Ǳ˵Ķѽ
ӣ컹׶༪ˡ
Ů֮Ի½ȥҪҳӷġ򲻹ֻۣܽһڶȫйڳӷˡ
Ůû뵽ӷȻҲ˵ǿƣ߲Ϊ䲻ǺܸߣƣԲܻһ߲ӵеġ
Сӵϣʲôܲɡ
Ů˫Ŀųӷ磬˵̤Ьٴѽұȥģû뵽Լˡ
Ŷңʲôѵģ
ӷ磬šʵ֮ϣһ죬ҲҪġ
˼ˣǲ̫ϲһŮɱֵġȻ˵ĻܸܲԼһ󻼰ɡ˭㱳һ죬Ҷܷȥ
㵱Ǻʮ𣿳ӷ磬۽磬ѵֻĴ½
ŶѵǺˣ
û硣
磿
ӷһԺУ˵ɱ
ǵһΣϻ˵ֱӽгӷɱ˵ġ
壿ӷԺʵ
ûˡԼػߣ䳬ǿҲ٣ǲ١ˣĳǿߣǸʱ鷳󡣡
û뵽Ů˾ȻˣԼػѽ
ɼȻԼػߣһ֪Լ䡣
ӷʱ֮䣬ѾûɱŮ˵ĳ嶯Ц˳
ӣ첻Ÿ㣬Ÿҡ˵Լʲôط
Ů˸û뵽ӷȻ֪Լ壬ԼʱȻһҲ£һԼԼ䡣
Ȼ֪ԼŶˣǳ۵Ķӣôܻ᲻֪
ҽʶһ£Լǿ
ʲô
Щһɡҳ
֣ʥŮ˸Ůȫסˡ
𡭡


ĲҽУʥŮЩһֵܵסķգһһģȫˣǵС棬Ҳȫըˣе磬ȫ˵֮С
Ҹơ
ʮˣÿһʮ磬һ֮󣬾˽ٸѽ
ӷ粢ûнЩԼУǺţ佣硣
ϡ
е磬ȫ˵Ļƴţ佣һ˽һ硣
ܲ㣿
Ӧûʲô⡣
ǻʲôҲ񷶦ɢԴǲõĻܵԴĹ


2415 
޴Ŀնڻƴţ佣ϿտԴֱӿ£Դӽƴţ佣ȴһεɢˡ
һĻڵеŮ˴гԾԴѽԴ˵ûһ߲㣬ߵڰ˲ĳǿߣͲɢԴġ
ڣŮ˸ûκ˶ɢԴѽӷڵ֮У˵ǿȫ˿޷ȥ顣
Ϊģô쵽ġ
Ů˵˫ۣ˳ӷϣ⣬һǳڳӷϡ
˿̣ƴţ佣̼䱩ǣӴĲ㣬ֱӳ㡣
ڰ֮޴Ŀնʧˣƴţ佣ͬһʱ䣬˴
磬Ѿɹˡ
Ǽѽڻƴţ佣˵Ƿǳ˷ܣ㣬ӷ绹ûϣ¾ϹҵĴ㣬Ҳ̫ѽ
ӣҪȡ磬ΪȥԼҲҪɾС
ʥŮѾӷȫɱˣӦ˵Ǳȫɱˡ
Ůӷˣڵ֮УʱŮ˸ܵĻᶼûУҲоǿ󣬱˵ԼǵɣͲܳȥ
⵽һôĴڣΪʲôӵǿ
һ£
ղųӷ˵ʲôţԼʶһ±ԼҪǿ
ѵǣ

ŮͻȻһ仰Լһٴοӷȫˣ˵ľʧ룬һʱ֮䣬֪ȥǰӷ磡
񷶦ǲ񷶦ھβ񷶦
ʵӷӵв񷶦Ѿʲôˣǿݺ磬ӷ粻񷶦ϣ޷ȥԴǿ󣬲˵ģǻɯɯԸˣ
еʶˡ˵ԼػȺԼںĴ½һİɣ
ӷҲֻǲ²ˣ²ǶԵģŮݿɾ;ԲˣΪֻһ˵ĻͲܴԼĴ½Ů˻ͬĻͲһ˳ǳӷ뷨
Ů˿ɲشӷ⣬ΪҲֻ֪Ҫ˵һ仰Ǿ͵Ǹ˳ӷ磬Լ֪Լ䡣
²ƵߵѰԼҲΪˣҼˣɼˣŻܵ½ġ
Լ䵽ӷĻǳӷ͵ӵϺļһﶼõԼҲԼʲôٳӷֳԼѹƵסĺܶˣЩɣ
õĻᣬǰװĻᣬӷǲܷŹġȻҲӲܽŮ˸ɱˣɱȲ˵壬ԼҲǵòġ
ңҲܸԼʲôطġ
Ҳ㣬аɡ
㡭
ա
ӷ˫ֵĲ֮Ůȫס棬ʼзգӷ罫Ƶķǳãһ¾ͽ
ȻŮô˵ҲǸǿߣǵҲ֮Ҫʹٲ˵ġ
ô˵ǲ˵

Ů˵Ĳҽ죬֮УٴҲܴȥģĻƴţˣҲֻǿŮʹӣκε
˵Ҳ˵
˵ˣֻȶһֻ֡
ӷ磬㡭
һŮ˵һֱֻ֣ӱӷһ֮ˣǶ˽ǣɲֱӿ
һΣԼʲôط
˵
Ǿٶһֻ֡

ͣĲҽУˣ˵ˣŮ˻ǲѽֱֻ֣գȻ˵
ٶֻȣ
Ҳ˵õԼԲܣ
Ů˷һҽУֱӾͻ˹ȥ
ӷ̽һգӣʱڣǲܴŮ˵ĿеõԼˣ취С
ʵŮ˷ǳߵģ֮ǰˣ֮ززҪҳӷֻծϣӷ֮Ů˲֪ԭӷֶΣҪݶĶѽ
ֱӾͽŮ˶ڵвܣҲֱյ
ƴţɹʵôˣ
˵ӲǲеġȻر֮Ҫģûá¾ŮӲԡ
磬һŮ˶ѣɱ£
ɱԼǳҪȲ˵ģǵӭսħģҲֻˣ
СѾͷô죿
ӷ翴СʥŮʵʥŮѾȫҼ˸סˣ
СʥŮϵ˿ɲᣬֵܼסСѾͷǲѽ
ңҲ֪ʲôҼ壬ֻ֪Ǻˣǳǿһҹ֮䣬ͽʥŮ̫ϳϸסˣʥŮĵλͲȶʥŮֲڣԡ
ţˡȸһȥˣ˺֮һ㱨ġ
Ŀϰұ𣿡
㱨ΣҪұҪ򶫲½ġҼʱ֣ҲΪ˵ʱҸʩѡ
ǺãңҾ͸ˡҲһһɣ
ţڱŶˣһҪ㡣裬Ѿˡ
ʲô
СʥŮһ⻰˵ֱ֣ӻ˹ȥ
佣СʥŮӷ翴һĺ˵̳ɣҲʲôΣաΪɣȻȥǵġ


2416 Ƶ
Ƶ캣Ҳ캣İƵ֮һ
ƵٽҶµս֮һһ
ԾŰǰһս󣬸ٽͼٹƵ캣ˣһеȫ˸ĶӸٽȥԼȴʼչأһվͱվŰʱ䡣
ŰٽûһιأҲ޷︧ٽΪЩǺҪΪҪǣƵлҼļȫҶĵսÿһ˵ΪҲͬһȫڰ˲ľ磬Ⱦ磬ҪһΣǿ̫ˣɲ˭ֻҪܳھŲĻǾ͵ڸҶĵһսҲƵһıԶˣܸ磡ΪϵԸٽŻչŰʱ䣬һζû
ʵǸٽͬİҲݺʷʫĸףлҼļŰȫڱչأֻ;˺üΣһΪֻٽһֱûгع
Ƶ췢һ飬øٽ֪ˣһᷢģǱǣɯɯ˴Ϣ˵Ƶٵٽӷɱʬ޴֡
ƴ֮ڣƵǿȫۼŵɣҲֻǳмĴڣûٽǵ
ҽ飬Ͻٵ֪ͨõأɱӷ硣
УŰǰչʱѾ˵ܷ£ȥ
⡣Ҫ֪ٵˣԼĶӱɱ֪ǲԵ̫
֪ĵģɾǽ¸˵ҶӦ֪ƢٵˣЩȴһҲûУʱô룬һɱЩ˵ġ
㿴ô죿
ҿɣɳȥٵֻҪɱ˳ӷ磬ǵʱ֪£ְٵ˳ŵӦòǨŭǵġ
ˣûǸӷȻٵٵһᣬǶȻǸͨĽɫҼѾͷڳӷֵ³˿½ѾδֹˡпǸӷ½һεͳߡ
Ǹӷʲô·֮ٵĳһҪǲȥȥ
š
һվֹСӣȥɱӷ磿û
ʲô˼ѵõɣһӷ綼ɱ𣡡
ʵڳĵɸҲѽЩûһ˵ģһЩ۷弶Ҳûһ˵ġֳֻмĵɣվ˵
ҪȥĻҲֹ㡣ҪһµõϢ
ʲôϢ
ڸղţǱߴһϢɼɺʯ֮ţΪ󽵡
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仰һڳˣȫһѣЩԭŵҲѾͲסͬһʱվ
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ѵϣеڶ۲ɡҲҪһǧҪ嶯ȥԼļ壬ȥӷ磬ʱܹȥûܱ֤ʥ᲻Գ֡
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֮ǰǵٵѽٵˣҪΪٵҲпԭģӦò˵ʲôֻ¡
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˶٣׷˵ǸôôɣʵڲУǳ֣


2417 ʱߣ
캣ƵѾˣҪڸٽ֮ǰ˵ǵ֪ٽɱ֮ǰˣʱܵǣʵ̫࣬ൽ캣ҪһƬȷѪꡣ
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ȻᲢǳӷɱľ֣֮ɻɯɯǱߴϢȴǳӷ֣Ϊɯɯܵӷľ֮䣬ȻǳӷȽҪһ㣬ͬʱԸӷĻܱȻɯɯһɡ
ߣҶ˷ֻûɯɯֹӷ緢չɻɯɯȴҲ֮ǰĸٽһɱӷ졣ȻԼΥҶ˷ӷ֣֮͸Сһϵûˡ
ò˵ɯɯϣǰ쵽ģǸӷ˾޴ΣǾԾ޴Σ
ĳǿߣǿɾͲһҼˣ˵ˣƵڳ˻Ҽ֮⣬һټ壬һ¼壬ټϻûκζȴʱֵɼ壡ˣ磬ԽԽˡ
ӷڻֻǴ߲ΪʱĻеɣ治֪ӷôȥӦ
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ջصʱ鱱Ȼֱȥһƴţģĸߵ̫Ƿʲô£ȥһƴţ鱱ֻܿʵ䷴
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磬ҲǵģʱӦöɩĸԹƵġҪ֪ھĵǶʱ䣬ɶһڳŵġ
ӷЦһѵԼ֪ԼǷǼŮ̫𣬵Լʲô취أȲ˵̣Ѿ˺ĵĻѣڵǱߣһĽФأ
ǷǵģⱲӻ壬Ǿֻܵ±ӣ±ӣһĻˣ
һŮ˵ӷ磬Ƿҵ̫ˣ±ӣ뻹ҡ
ǳӷһ˵õģ±ӣһŶ±ѾԤˣ㻹ٵȼӰɡ
ߣÿһ˵϶ᷢǿǿߣҲᱭߵġ
۹ǿɣȴ˼壬ͥӣ硣
ҶǿɣȴҲֻħеĴ˰ˣ
˵ǿţǸԵıߣӷܻûأ


2418 ɺϻǿİţ
ƽ鷿ʱ򣬳ӷ˸ƻһ¹½顣ɼȻѾˣӦǲģô˵ҲҵĴˣһֵóӷõһָӸɽ
ȻˣǾʶһ°ɡ
ӷǽһ»ƴţˣ֮ƴţ˽һơ
ʵƸƴţ佣ȵģƴţ佣֮ϣҪǿ౶ƵָӣȴԶԶڻƴţ֮ϣΪؼһǣƴţ佣ϹΨһһҴߵĴУƵĺˡ
ԭǵβ񷶦ǿԵѽ
ȻӷûиߣǾ֤ӷƵΣƴţȻǲҪκεļɻġ
˴˱˴ˡ֮ǰҾͼϹҵģûϹҵģҲܽɯɯܡ
˵ʱ㲻ҲһĸĵĽϣܽǳŮ˸ܵġʵ֮Ĺϵе㸺ѽλֵܣϹȴûеõϹҵĴУǵõˡ
ƿϹң˵λֵ֮ܵǿΪӦǴɡɾ֪ǼȳҪĴ½ô̵ʱڵ﴿㣬Ҳɣ
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ƻǴΪԾ˵˵ǿһߣһ۷ĳǿߡܵõĴУΪȻǲڻµġ
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ȻܾۼһǾԵѽԵ֣нûġƴţЦ
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佣ֵܲҪᣬҵ˼ǣδԵ֣һְš
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ҵ˼˵һǲ񷶦ͳʮȴ̳ѵɺϣɺϣɺҲ̫˵ɣҲ̫˵ɡԱ֤˵ڵķӡھͰҽ˵ĶԲԣ
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ʱ㣬ڲǸʱħӦˣɲȴǸʱʧҲôʧģ٣Уʱû˲񷶦ûκˣֵܹסħǣûκ谭֮£ȴûб𣬷ǴڣΪɵĵط
ӷ˵֮ǰ˵£ʱҲûж롣ҲȷˡǰҶʧˣǸʱħȷܷǳɵ磬Ϊʲôû˵û磿
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˵ڣ˵ǰȻˣΪʲôʲôû
֮ǰĻɣֻ

һħǰ磬֮󣬾ҲûȥˡҲ˵ڣĳطȴû֪ҶҲ֪ڶȥˣȴڻȥ֮ǰͰźеһУ˵ǰźĶ֣飬ŵģǣΪĶ֡


2419 ɱ
˵ʵ̫ˣһȷǶǱһ˫۾ʱ̶ԼָоòëȻѽ
һ㣬Ҳ̫ʵѽħ֮ڣȥһУܻͨҶģΪһǧҶ۲ס޷ȥ飡
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ҵȻҲϣҲ´ˡģǾͲòĴ㡣˲ϲģµ㣬аٷ֮ʮġ
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ȻڵķӡҲֻгӷһܽ⣬ټţħҲаۣΪʲôƫƫôɣ֮һа׹ģ׹䵽ȥѵҲǾþΪǣǵʱҶΪʲôֻסһаۣûнȥôۣǹ˺ܳһʱ䣬ô۵õ۹֮ųֵģ
һеһУ治ɺϣɺϣɺϾԵĺܱ̬ˡ
·һ޹ϵ飬ûзͬһʱͬһ磬ͬһռ䣬Щϵ֮Ե˵˿־塣
ıΪ֣ܶдģҲСģжʱģҲгʱġ
뵱꣬ʲҲһԸҵıɳһδǳıõʱѾˣͬǳıڣħһĻǲò˵磬ͳΪһ壬ħƾ֮ˣһһˣͬʱߵľƣְھˣ磬ڹ֮У
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Ȼˣĵһ뷨Ͳģħ磬ųռͲӵǿ
ûħ֮ڣƾħܾ߱ǿҪȥӡ·
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ҶҶ˷縸ҶǶԸˣҶ˷绹ϣġ
Ϲ˵˵Ҷ˷磬ҶûĹ֮ͳģǴĻĹ֮˵磬ǿˡʲôԴһѧͻᣬܶôѵĳҲգ֮顣ңҶ˷ʱԴη壬ҳֵġ

Ҷ˷ǼһȻ˱̬ʱԴҳ
ǿΡڳԼĹ֪⣬Ķǹ̶ġҶ߲ܲܽʽҶ˷ɣҶ˷ûȴŲ񷶦ҵСҲΪĹ֮ģȵʱ棬ҵ뿴Ǹǿ
ص鷿ħڶ˵Ҳ⣬ֻҪи׾ˣպ£ҪСģһпɵ˳֣ɱɱһҲԲܷŹκһ
ˣڻ˵˵½ɡ
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Ϲ˵ȻɯɯҶ˷ˣ˵Ҷ˷Ǹ˷ǳ԰Ӧòɯɯ̫ǿɯɯ涷ǣҶ˷ɷһɯɯҲǵģΪԣǶ顣
ƴţ˵ǻһҪӵļһǺãţүҴӽ쿪ʼרүҴΪֹʱ򣬳ֱӳ˾ˡ
ӷ翴һƣʵʲô뷨
Ҫȥһ˵³ǣɱˡ
ƴţûƵ˼ֻгӷ粻ɵһЦ˵ð취ȹģսûʼ֮ǰõ³Ļ̻̣Ǵȥʱ򣬾°빦ˡ
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2420 Ƶĵģ
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ףҲûи£Ÿ˵ҵ顣
ʵ˵ҲڱߣڷҪõĶ࣬ȻҲ취ҵϵȴûзȥң鱱ΪǾסܶ鶼ܽˮ¥̨ȴ֪ߵÿһˣϵġ
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Ҫ֪ڵвǳǣǵȨҲСѽսһ֧飬һѵĻǻ治ð졣
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ӷĴ½ʶһˣһ½ˣڣһϢûУڶ½ĻǳǸӷĽ飬ʥŮ϶֪ˣҲһӦûΣգ򣬶½ǱӦûϢģҸӷ罻ģ·һ³
ȻˣǾֻһһˡϣǶأǲҪ򴨣ҲˡˣΪõĻǾһ
֪ƾƴͱ޵㣬Ͳκ˶ܰ쵽ġٵȵȰɣȰ򴨳֮


2421 š佣³ǣ
³ǡ
Ϊӷ缸˵ʶתһȦõ³ǵæ
ǰ˵ʶˣٵ³Ҳġ
Ƕ֮ǿһһĳ֣вˣҲˣⲻò³Ƿ༸ۣһ㲻Ծĵط³ǾͻὫ߼ɲܵɱ׼ǸʱѾ̫ˡ
ʵԳӷͷʱܶ˾ʹĵʹһˣ˾ܲǳǵѦŪ
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ƽϲԼ죬һ㶼ţƤˣںˣѽ´ȥɡ
ɯɯݺʷʫѾ˵³ǣҲѾӹ˵³ǣ⻹ǻҼҲǱظ棬ֻҪɯɯһ£Ҽ˾ͻһʱɱһֲ
֮ǰʶԾǳӷ磬ֻû뵽ӷΪȻˡһǱ̬ѽ
ɯɯǲӷ絽ôģԼЩˣڵ˴֮ҪһǶôѵѽûҶ˷ɯɯҲô͵﴿ھŲľ磬һǴҶ˷ǵõ˷ǳĺôġ
û뵽һӷ磬̶̵ıһۣȴӴ˵㣬ȴѾ˵߲㣬ⲻòá̬ˡ
ҲЩݲӵеٶȰɡǳӷ磬ԼֶΡ
ƨȻóӷȡӷʲôҲһѣ
С㣬Ҳ˵ӷʲôǵĻҲὫɶˡһǵ˵ӷǻûǿǿ֮󣬹ƾеˡ
ҪǿҲҪʹҲСǰҵʧóӷռ˱ˡγӷĻҶҪ޻ء
ɯɯȥҳӷ磬Ϊ֪ǷǿһǷʧȥһƣǾǽǱڵȫ¶
ȳӷɯɯ³ǵô½
³ʵһУֻǽڵµһﱤˣﱤȴǳ󣬸ҲԶġ
³ڱɯɯ֮ǰЩڵ³ǵˣѰˣȫɱˣģȫͶ˻ɯɯҲ˵ڵĵ³ǻɯɯˡ
ˡ
ɯɯһ£ͼһ߽ʯң˱Ϊ³ǵ̫ϳϣڻɯɯȴڵǰ͸ûʲô
СʲôԸ
ȥȫʮ־񣬳ӷֻƻĺ꣬ǧκεĿӸ
ǣȥ졣
³ֻһţһǳţҪ³ǵĻͱŽȥĵطͽȥ
佣ѾǱ½˵³֮⣬Ҫ³ǣ治Ǽ׵¡
ڣ֮ǰǸˣɯɯʹĵ³ǵ̳һ£ûʲô֮ŻȥҽŸر
佣ѾǴˣҪܹЩ˵˫۽³ǣգ֮£㰵ɱģ佣ҲŪ̫Ķɱõ³ǵȥ룬ķɡ
³Ǻ佣һֱǱţû·档
³ǣ˵岽һڣʮһڣصʮɭϣֻҪ룬ֵġ
֮£佣һʱ仹治֪ʲôֲźãνİɱȻɱһ֪֮ԣ˶ĵط֣һɱҲ̫࣬ˣǾͲǰɱˡ
ֻɱҪɱǾ͵Ⱦ˵³Ǻõ³ûҵ֮ٷɱһνһΣ³ǵˣͻῪʼĻţһɱĻ᲻Լ
С㣬ˮѾ׼ˣԡɡ
佣ڵ³ת˺üȦҵĿ꣬һǸŮˡ
Ǵһ䷿ﴫģ佣ҲѾⷿĳһˡ
˵佣ϲŮ֣ڹ۲һʱ佣ⷿŮ˲򵥣ڵ³һݵģǵ³һ̫ϳϵŮ
Ӻ֣佣ɲұ֤ǵΪ᲻Լ֮ϣ̫Σˣԣ佣ҵ³ǵ֣̫ǿҲ̫ס
һ̫ϳϵŮԵ³ǶԣѾˣԲ˻Ůˣ˻ӤȻ佣Ѿ϶Ŀ꣬͵Ǹˣ
쵰ôȵˮСûõĶС㲻㡣
СҲǹġ
ɣǲǼ³ѾռˣҲƲС㡣С㻹ˣ˭СԶǰǸС㡣
ǣǡСԺҲˣ


2422 ˣ
ॡ
ڴһҶѲߵھʱȫɵҡͷӳЦ
λС㣬ǰôѽκ˷·̧ͷģЩֵܣ֪жٱɱһ˳ģǾ·һֶҡ
ֵܣ˵ôˣǰҲи̫ϳϵүүҲԸλСһаԵġѾͬˣ³Ƕ˸סˣЩ̫ϳһƵģݹλɱˣλС㣬Ѿûյˡ
˵ʵȻڵĵ³Ѿ˿ƣǰЩǲЩӵܵˡ治֪ʲôд˵ȻЩ̫ϳ϶û취
Ͳ֪˰ɡҿ˵ˣƵ³ǵǺĳǿߣǵ³ǵЩ̫ϳЩǿߵǰֵʸûСλ˵ɣȻһŮ˸ɱˣ˵ǸŮ˺Ǻһļ̳ˣлʲôġ
⣿Ǵ˵ȥ޻صĺ⣿˵һֱЩ֪Ĵڣ½ںĴ½ȫͬĵطû뵽Ȼ½˵ǿ治֪½˭ܸƥѽ
Ȼеģ˻ʱǵ³ǡ
У˭ѽ˵Ҳֵҳʶ
ǣ㶼֪Ȼв½ĳˡ˵˱½һĿ½ˡһһҪģǵ³ǡ
ĵ³Ѿǵˣںġ˵ʵһǸѺЩܣ֪½ҲǺ۸ġ
ꡭǣ⻰ɲ˵ЩȫûġԼ°ɣֻҪסԼѾˡ
һѲߵһǸȥĵطѲʱͻȻŴˣһŮ˵ǸСվס
ȫһѵԼղ˵ЩλС
СʲôԸ𣿡
ЩûݣûλµˣȻųӷ췴𣿡
ȫͷ󺹣鷳ˣһ仰˶УԼ·һѽ
λС㣬ɲǸʵڵ³Ѿ˿סˣǰݸλȻҲûˣⲢûлᡣܰźĻ³ǣһϯ֮صģϾ˲ԶֻȺһߣλСܺ·
С㣬ˣǲǸ˼
Ǹ˼ҿЩµ˾ǲײĲᡣСھɱǣȻǵͷȥС㣬֪ǵ³Ƕ¿ɼġ
㡭
ȫȥϲλСĶ֣ɸ˵һҲûС
ǰλС˵ɱ˾ɱ˵ģΪ˶Ժ˱ʾģȹ³ǵĵλȻŹκλᡣ
СҲ˵ˡ
ûǸˡȫСȥɡ
λСˣ֮䣬ǵƷ磬Ʒ硣
ȫһۣۿҪûˣͻأһӴС˹
Се飬ǿɱĽϣתҪ㿪ͻϮϣһʵ̫ĻλСȫתѾֱӴֱ
ʲôˣ
λСҲ˵ģһǴؿڣͱˣ
佣ҪɱģҪڲκ˷ֵ֮ɱһˣΪ˵Ļ佣ǣΪԺ˲Ҳųӷǵھʹŵ³²Щд󲿷һ뷨
Ĺģܽ³Щ˵ĸڳӷǺġ佣ĵģȴǾģھĵͬʱٷģǾһ˫ĺ£佣Źĺûᣡ
ʲôˣȻ͵ϮС㣡
λС㿴Ѿǰ佣ĮôСëˣҲһ
佣ĽûгʣҪɱС㣬Ҫ佣֣֮䣬Խɱˡ
ʲôˣǲӦøģΪõ³Щ˰ģ佣Ҳò˵ӷ£佣
ӷ磡
һǳӷˡ
ȫǴĿ佣û뵽ӷô죬Լ˵ˣѵǽҪ³
ǳӷˣȻҴҵ³ǣĲͷ𣿡
㣬ѾһˣˣҲҪ̫ͷɡ
㡭
ӷԼȻ˸Ǵҵѽ
ͻȻһǿ
佣´󾪣ھŲԼˣ
ɯɯ
鷳ˣƻʧܣɯɯһ֣佣˵Ļᶼûˣ


2423 ֱӰݷã
佣ΧȫΧ³е̫ϳȫټϻҼˣһݺʷʫ£佣ǵ񣬷ɲȥˡ
Ȳ˵ģһݺʷʫ佣ӦˣټһɯɯҪɱ佣ĻҲֻ֮顣
ΪǱ³֪𣿲¸㣬֪Ҫ͵Ϯһʼ׼һУͶġֻû뵽ľȻֻһˡ
ɯɯѾϳ佣֮ǰֳϹĵǸϹӣϹҵģɯɯȻǲɱ佣ģҲ佣ܡ
佣ɲϲ˵ϻȻѾˣǾֻһ·ߣɱȥܶжôǿ佣ҲԲһüͷġ
ৡ
һǿĽ⣬ֱӾͳɯɯ˹ȥ
ΧĿͬΧĿռ䶼ʼŤ
ɯɯǰһһӣ¡һգۼͽ佣Ľƽˡ
㣡Сҵʱ򲻻ǵĲʲôʱһ𣿡
ݺʷʫ󾪣ЩһôˮƵģһھһѽ
Щ̬ļһһ֪Ƕôġ
ݺʷʫǰһѾץס佣֣˵Ҫȥúоһǲʲôͬĵطô׾ԼΪ

佣亰һȥûһŻӰ
ˣס
³ǵļ̫ϳ̳ȥǱҪס佣·ľǣɯɯԲЩûõϼһ
Щ̫ϳĻ佣Ķѽ
ɱ
佣亰һʡ
򽣹ڡ𡣡

Ľ佣ͬʱ佣֪սڱҪɱ³ǣֻҪȥˣǾеطأ³صĵطûС
ܣûš
ɯɯӰͬȰ㣬佣ǰ
佣Ҫתķ򣬲ϣɯɯֱһ佣ĳһ
¡
ǿĳ佣ˣ³ѪɻɯɯļϾ佣߳ô࣬˿һ¶ûС
£סȳӷˡ
ڳ˻ɯɯݺʷʫ֮⣬ûõ佣ԣʱݺʷʫȻǲȥо佣ˣⱻ佣ˡ
ʵɯɯ˵տס³ǵʱ򣬾Ѿ޵ֻȳӷͶˣֻû뵽ģһ˶ѡ
ҲûϵȻӷѾˣͲӷ粻ˣɯɯֻҪãǿˣ
ϹҵĽ
ɯɯݺʷʫ˵
С㣬ϳѽʲôûС
ôܣ̽һڡ
Ѿ̽ӹˣûС
ݺʷʫŸ䣬ͻأ佣ڣһϹҵġ
˵ûСϽ£Ϲŵķ
佣ǹ⽫ĸųȥģҲȥ֪ͨӷ磬óӷǧҪ
Ϲŵķɲʲô˶ԵõģȻ䵽佣ȻģҪģǲܵġҲ˵ϹҵģҲֻ佣ƴţʹðˡ
á
ݺʷʫֱӳ˵³ǴǱߣԼȥֹ
Ҫ֪ͨӷ硣
ȻˣǾͱˡһ³ӷ粻ֻҪǾͱ뿪
ͬһʱ䣬ڱңŲŵĳӷ磬ͻһĲ
ʵǲǵ佣
֣佣ѾǴˣȥ³ɱˣʱ˵ӦѾѽΪʲôһϢûУ
ˡ
ƴţܽ鷿˵磬佣ˡ
ʲô£
Ҳ̫ϹĻˣ佣ȴûл
ˣһ
ӷ翴ƣҲһ˵ѵɯɯ׼֪ǻȥ͵Ϯ
ܣ佣Ҳܻ¡
Ůˣˡ
ⲻܹ㡣û뵽ɯɯ˷ִ磬ɹȴеӵġ
ڸô죿
Ȼȥˡ
УȥˣǾ͵ֱɯɯ浱ȥ޻صġ
ҲҪȥţң׼һ£ھȥ³ǡҵ뿴ɯɯʲô£ܽҲڵ³ǡ
˵Ҫȣܳ嶯εģȻ佣ץˣȻҵΣȥȳ
ƴţ˵èĹ򣬿¸սûˡ
£һҪģܶ飬ƻŲҪġǷġʱ䣬һ佣Ȼġ
ӷʵô죿
ֱȥݷõ³ǡ
˵ʲôɯɯǹȥ㻹ֱȥⲻ𡣡
ΪɯɯȥˣһΪǻᰵȣȥȣΪȥȣǾ͵濪սˡʱԳҽݷãɯɯһͷԣΪǻʲôյֶȥǲˡ


2424 ˣ
佣˵³ǵļҲ˵ˮΣһɺҼ˿أʮˣÿһǴ磬˵ֻǳ֣ܵʮ佣Ҳ˵佣Ҫԡ
佣ӷӣ佣⣬ˣǳӷҲ㣬ɯɯ
λ磬ҽȥһ𣿡
Ůˣ֮ǰ佣ҪɱĹƨС㣬ã佣ɱ֣ɯɯ͸ϵˣ˵гرģڵ֪佣ˮ֮ϸϹڶ㲻ܽ佣ˣҲҪСһѵ
Сصطκ˶ܽȥ
λ磬ҸСӿгġ³ǿΪ˰ɱҡ䵽ǵǴֶԼˣҽȥѵѵҲʲô°ɡ
Ҽ˿һС㣬ֽɫѵǿߣһǴ㣬ⲻ
ʵڵ³ǵЩˣҼͿ˳ڹѰʧٺһΪλģرǰŮ˸ǶǰԼЩڵ³ǵʱҲûǻɯɯĻСûˡ
ȻԼɱ㣬ȥܲܲȫɡ
ȻȥѵѵСӣҲ̫㡣ǿҪѳ˵ǰͷȥʲô£ǿɲܵġ˭ǻԼ
СĻ֪佣ǱҪɱֽɫǷǳɵġҲܲô࣬Сʹ첻ѵ佣Ͳ˯š
λģҿ׼ġ
Сһӣȫ̵Ĺߡ
ͽȥɣ¿ɱУҲܡ
˵꣬Ҽ˽ˮεŴ򿪣СлһֱӾͽȥˡ
ˮΪΣ佣мλãΧЩˮкܶ඾ߣЩȴûһȥ佣ġ
һɾ˵ɱΪһ󽣷磬ˮвͣĺɨš
Сһͱɨ˼£Ŀ죬ͷûˡ
СӣˣȻҷС첻Ū㡣
СóһƤޣֱӾͳ佣˹ȥ
ž
Ƥֱӳ佣ϣҲֻܸ佣޷κε˺
ֵģһ㡣
Ϊ佣֫һƵţͶˣĽ磬Ҳ޷ȥƷġ
֮ѣѵС㻹㲻ɡ
Сտ佣ʱˮҼʮˣһҽС

ҽл湻ţģʮѽûֹͣԲ˵ģŮ˵ġ
治֪ǸŮ˻ô³
㣬ǽ֣˵ǸŮˣЩ˽ȥҲҪùġ
ʹȥɡ
аɣСӲɱǸŮˣһֱҽȥҲܲ˵ġ
ҽȥɣɱʲô£Сҵˡ
һҼ˽ˮΣսȥ룬˾ৡһŮ˵Ĳҽʧˣ˵Ĳҽ
áȥ
˽ȥˣҽд
Ļ磬ȻɱĸˡС㡣
ڵ³ǵĴ֮ڣɯɯݺʷʫŶԸӷ飬ͻȻ佣С㣬ˡ
ʲô£
ɯɯΪ佣ˣǴѽ
ǣСӣɱĸˡ
ʲô˻ɱˡôˣ
ţǵ˲ܰѽ
Ƕͷ;ǡǴ㣬ǱˮεģΪʲôҪܽȥ
ǡ
С㣬
һҼܸɯɯ˵ϻģ㱨ģȫǻҼˣеĴʵҲͿ佣ʮѾɱĸģͨǿ߶ѡ
Ҳ˵ΪҪǶԸӷʲô˶жԶԶ
С㣬Գǳӷġ
ʲô
ɯɯݺʷʫͬʱ໥һۡ
С㣬е㲻Ծѽ
ȷԾӷ϶֪˱ץˣӦ˲ѽԼȴ˹ֱҵģе㲻ϳɣ
Ǽǲݺʷʫʵ
ɯɯһ£ʵû˵Ŀģ
˵ˣ˵Ϊ˾ġ
ʲôˣˣӷˣ̫СˡĻ쵰Ұ˴ҵ뿴ӷ絽ˣʲôá
³⣬ƴˣҲΨһһ£վڵ³ǵſڡ
Žգûпأ³ǸҼˣȫ档
ӣǾֱ᲻Σգ
Σտ϶еģɾԲΣա
ʵҾãͲӦóӷֱɱ
˵ˣ佣ܣҵʧҵĴԼܽ佣ȻȥԺôڳӷǱ߻죬ҲôҵָˣӷӲὫԵָȨҵġ


2425 ˵ĳ룡
ȷȲ˵ģϾ佣³Ǹ㰵ɱļƻģһҲȷǱȽʧܵģΪƻǳӷ磬ûϵɯɯȻôһ֣ڵ³ǲ壬͵ԼЩȥˡ
˵ɯɯķִѾӷˣٽûɯɯѹǳԲȥİòǵպôҶ˷罻
֮£ɯɯȻûȥ׼ӷһսڵ³壬ųӷȥͲòóӷһ
ȻƶԣȻΰɱļƻģҪõ³Ļ̻̣ȴ佣˻ɯɯУƾͲò佣еʵУһˣҲǱҪģ
վڵ³ǵſڣǰٴδ򿪵ʱ˾ͻȺӿԼ˸£ɯɯǲܶԼģĿŵˣûɯɯôھŲĳǿ߷ˡ
ȻƸûһյĻǸɵˣ˵һգǾԵİգܽ佣ȳԼҲȫ˵ġ
ȻڴŴ򿪵һֻ̣³ǵֱӴ˳ȥ˵ҲʮѽֱӾͽƶ˸Χ
ӣСġ
ƵǰˣԴҲƵڣʵǿԵģҲǴδд
ʵôһ֮³ǣ˵ʵԴҲûѽ
õģǿǵ³ǵĹǲҰôġ
һʮŵӣڴ˿ֻ̣³ڣһ˳ǵ³ǵ̫ϳ֮һ
ӷ統ǵ³ʲôطˣ˱ܣԼˣ˸Сӹѵߵҵ³˲ɡ
̫ϳƶһ۵ģǲм˫۳졣
ʱƱҪ˵ûģô˵˵ģܸһʼͰ˼Ҹ˰ɣҲ̸ѽ
ƾȻ̫ϳϸӵ޼ɵ϶ڱǰϣŲűӼ㡣
ɵۣǵ³ǵɵۣԴɵۣ
ǲǳԴҩˣǵ³ǣѩѽԼ˶ˣȻ˵鷳ˡ

̫ϳ˵Ҫ֣ӷͷʱˣ֪һʮŵļһû뵽ֵµҲ˵š
Ҳʲôطֵĵ
Ҷһ£ȫʬ
һݻһ£̫ϳϳŭˡ

ӣ˺󡣡
ԴǰһƱˣں˵ͬʱƺҪԼˣɯɯӹ
һ仰ǱҪɱƵ̫ϳֹͣҪֹͣҲɱƣԴıһҲǱɵġ
ڣƿűƵģһƶûУ³ǾˡҲҲűǼ٣ڻɯɯȥ϶ʲô
̫ϳϲǱ³Ǳɢһסˣ붯ˡ
Сӣʲôˣ

Ӱ˳һǻɯɯһݺʷʫ
һͲˬӣ˵ڱǰװУȽ˹
ɯɯݺݵĿƣ
ԼһȻ˵ԼĻǼٵģǼٵģӦ֪ô³Ϊ˵ֱ𣬵СӿȥҲɵѽӷҲɸɵϹ˵ġ
޿ֵӣѵԼֻʸ񣬽Լĵ³Ǿˣŵġ
ɯɯϸһ£ԼУޣ򣬵ʱǴΣҲôܹȥˡ
ȫ¡
ɯɯ³ǵȫ˿ٴοʱʵԼʲôط
㵱ɵ𣿻Լʲôط𣿵ȻֵܷˣһǿԿһ¸ġ
佣ҲֻǿǸ㣬һ㣡
仰ûɯɯ֪ԼģΪ֪ԼҪԣΪӷֵ䵽ԼӷǲԼŽġ
Сѣʲô˵ɡ
վ棬Ҳ첻ʺˣ˵ˣӷΧͻȻ֣ʱˣԼɾͳԴˡ
С뱾ӽȥأвӽȥӿɸˣӿнģЩɾĵطм
СҲ̫˰ɣ˵˭ɾˣ
Сӣ÷Ÿɾ㡣ݺʷʫ˵
ӻ˭ءԭݺṫѽݺṫӣҪĻ񻹲ʸ˵ɡ
ǰɣ
ҪɱӣҲֻ֮ˡҲʵǣģӷûҲõʱȥˡ
ɯɯɫ˱䣬ĺ࣬ΪԼҲֻˡ
λһͷǳųӷʵ̫ϧˣǵġԸĻԼһҼ壬ôС
ƴЦһ˵˵С㣬ȻǻҼ廹㲻Ҳ̫С˵ɡ
ң
ȷңֵܵħģĲ񷶦ȣҼʲô


2426 Ӳ
ɯɯһҳֵʱΪʲôܵΪʱϹҸģ֮ǰɯɯõ佣Ϲȴδɹû뵽˸СӣȻҡ
һ˫Ϭֺݶ۾ǺݺݿƣСӣзϢɢ֮⣬ϾǸͨˣǸκ˶ص֣ߵˣɯɯҲ˿ûзҪֵģҼһվҪ
СҵˣͲһˣΪɯɯ֪ҵƣǵ½ͳߣͬʱҲǲ񷶦ʣһӵ֮һļ壬Ϣܻ֪һЩԼȻҲڻˡ
Ȼɯɯܻ׵ȥƣ˵ҵûһ֤óҲûҪ
𣿡
ɯɯǳʵԷǣͻһֱȽҰķʽһ롱³ǡ
ЦһŻɯɯǶֻɵ֪ԼȱԼٱң߽һ𣬻ûɯɯ˼ˡ
Ȼ˹˼ǾҵףҲûҪٶ˵ʲôϻˣ
ơ
һţҲϻһӣֻһһģƵС
ܶʱ򣬶˵ֱȻСȷһҵݣǲ˵˵ضԵţһҵһ֤һˡ
³ǵʮˣĳֵһ̣ȫڵأ˻ɯɯݺʷʫ֮⣬ˣѾĵѹסˡ
һĿ٣ǾԲٵģ
ɯɯѾûκλƵˣȻҵĺˣǻп֪Լ䣬һͨӷ֪ģ˵ӷ֪ԼʲôطĻҲǴƿе֪ġ
Ȼ֪Լ䣬Ǿװɡ
ưһЦףԼҪģҲ³ǵΨһĿġ
ȻС㶼ѾѻˣҲûҪתĨǣûҪ³ˣҷģһԭǳ򵥵̫鷳
û³ǣһ飬ſڽɡ
ҪˣҪԼһ佣ԼǶôѽ
Ȼɯɯܿ϶ЩʲôȴҲҪţܲɵľͽ˷˰ɣòԼ˵ԼĻСƾʲôˡ
ĿģػСҪףȻҵĿġ
˵ɣԼʲôطֻҪȷԼȷλãϰ˷ˡ
ھҪҸԼλãС㣬ǰҵɵ˰ɡ
ô
ȣҪȷһֵܵİȫԣڱҪȰֵܴȷֵܻ֮ٽһĽ׹̡
û˸Ҹɯɯּۻ۵ģûɯɯǲˬ
С㣬СһַǳƻģɲڽýСӴһӷڸͻȻֵĻ޷ֵѽ
ɯɯһ£ӷǲ񷶦飬᲻֪Ϊ񷶦СҲڳӷδѽ
Ȼӷǲ񷶦ԣĲ񷶦ûе۷ĳ̶ȡֻҪĵסһоͺðˡ
ǣǿǲһ֣ͻӲ񷶦˭˭ġɺʯ޷Ӳӳȥοء
˵ҲûӷͻȻ֣ǿɾҪԴˡ
˵⣬ɯɯҲһۣ˵ҽ˴ǾԲܵġֲɵӣô֪ӷǲΧǿֵĻ
ЩѽʲôãǵС˵㡣ΧôءһھŲ㣬һ߲㣬ѵ֣һɡ
Ʊ˵ɯɯݺʷʫǿȴڰǡ
ǿߣһǼ﴿۷ĴڣȻһ߲ĳӷ磬Цѽ
СӣסûáΪǲ֪ӷ粻ƾ񷶦ĻͲ֪˶ٴˡûǵȷǵֵס˵ңǵɣһǶǳģǸ߼ȻǲɵӷĲ񷶦Ӳġ
ȻǵôСҿʽ׾˰ɡǾ͸ؼҼңҸɡ
Сӣѵ㲻ֵܵ𣿡
ˣҲɱҺαؼһʱءӿҪѡ챾³ǣ˵ĻźܿǱߵ˾ͻ֪ģұӣ汾ֵܵĻǱһ㶼˺ѽ
Цһ˴ǰɣǺãһѾųȥˣ뿪³Ǻ󣬾ȥˣҾͽˣ˭ܾȵĳҾͽԼ˭ƵǸʱСƴһѽ
С㣬вǡ
ĳѡ
ô죿
ĻȻɯɯڵȨƵ
ˣȥ½תתûˡûеĻñвֱӷŻȥƲʱ䣬˾ͻˡ
Դ˵ӣӲô죿
ҹҿǳӲ˭ӲԶܵõԼ
⻰ҲǸ߻ɯɯòҪҶ֣ӲЭ̺ˣʲôð죬Ӳģ˼ҲὫԼġ


2427 ɯɯף
һߣ治֪鷳ϾԼǹϵ⣬ɯɯɲҴˣ
ѼӾǰܲռ˰ɣ
ƼɯɯѾڿʼԥˣȻǵ
ˣģǶôǿ㣬ֻҪץסڣһо;ˡ
ȻĳЩر˵ͻᶮýԼغãصķǳãκ˷֣ӷ磬ľأֱǸںεҶ˷磬Щˣ֪ȥԼ㣬ԵڣǶţѻķǳá
ڻɯɯ˵ɲȥԼ㣬˵£ԼͳΪ㣬ȴ޷ȥأǲ֪ôȥˡ
ں˵ʵԼ䵽˭ﶼһģΪһ⣬ˣƵˣ뽫ԼŪ֣˭ܵõԼĴ½ռƵġ

ɯɯɲܾˣԼܶΪ˼Ѿ˵ĺˣӲӲǿн£ľͼЩˣҰԼ㡣
С㻹ʲôԸûеĻǿɻҪȥء
ۿɫѾƶһҪȥûɯɯѽ
ӣ֮ǰ̬ȵȷе⣬е֮¡
ɯɯͻȻķݺʷʫһ㶣û뵽ǿƵĻС㣬Ȼ˵ͷ
ȻɯɯǵͷˣȴǶƵ͵ģԼǰòͷѽ
ЦŶǲǸýҵֵܴȷһֵܵİȫˣ
ǵȻģԵȣϾȥ˴
ǺáС㣬ӿǳ˵ǰģֵʲô⣬ʲô˵ĻǽǵʽҲͿֱȡˡҲԷģǵȻ᲻ֵܵģ뿪󣬳ŰݷãǸʱҾͲұ֤˫֮һսСǷܵõԼˡ
ɯɯɫԽѿҲ̫Ǹˣ⻰˼佣ˣͱ֪Լ䡣
ɯɯݺݵҧҧݺʷʫ˵ȥ˴С˵Ļϰκãһдۡ
ݺʷʫȻǺܲԸģȻɯɯѾԼֿܾǰܵõԼĻĸֵõġ
ãȥ˴
סСҲǸʡ͵ĵƣȰʱƴ
ס
ʱɯɯҲû
佣û£ҲͷɽͱȽ鷳ˡ
佣ֵܣû°ɣ
佣һģΧҲûогӷǼϢ佣һѽ
ôˡϻȥ
佣ֵܣ㱻ץΪûƻãȻеˡģһȥģҲѾλСˡ

ƸɯɯЩʲô佣֪ɯɯıѿӣˣʲôвŶԡ
Ȼһгӣ佣Ҳ˵ʲôͿôɡ
ɯɯ˵ӣˣѾˣҲûκεˡ棬ǲǸýԼȷλøˡ
С㣬ＱġǸԼ˵ʵ˵һöûУҲӦԼ񷶦ǲģһ棬ǲġԣͲõģһ뾡콫أȻԼֵܣȻ׬ˡ
ҿ˵ϻɡֱӸңԼʲôطҵõԼȻǵġ
С㣬ھͽԼ㣬ҵ֮ȥ𡣡
ô
ܼ򵥣ҪߣҪȥԼҿֱӴȥˡȻֻһˣֵܣˣһܸš
ݺʷʫ˵Сӣ㵱ɵ𡣾ˡ
ôƵҼС㣬̳ˣھŲĳǿߣ˲ɡߣ³ڰ·
ɯɯһ룬ȻˣӷҲûҪ·ɱԼĻղųݺʷʫȥ佣ʱȫԶˡ
ãҾһΡ
ǾͽȻذɣͳ
ݺʷʫߵȴ
С㣬̫Σˡӷ·ɱһˣ¡
õģСӷҲġ
ɯɯȻǲģˣѺţһ·ϳʲô⣬̽佣ĨɱųӷҲ֪㣬Բ
ˣھͳɡ
ɯɯҲûֱԼλãΪ֪ƻ˵ĻҲͲôһˡ


2428 ȸں
ɯɯǲܽ佣˵ģֽŵûн⿪лɯɯļӳ֣佣ΪͲܽ
Ѿ½ĵϣ˵ģڴɯɯҵԼŻ佣ǣ֪ƨԼѽ治֪ô
ȻɯɯҲɵӣȷһҪõԼģҲԲŹ佣ֻҵԼ֮󣬻ɯɯȻ֣佣ƣԴȫĨɱġ
ӣѾ³һξˣҵҲûиԽԼλø˰ɣ
С㣬Ѿ˵ˣֻҪֵܣȻҵԼġڣ㻹ӳֹѺֵܣ½ĵϣ̫ÿɡ
Ҫ취ûɯɯ⿪佣ֽϵĻлˣܲˡ
㵱ɵҽ⿪Ƿɢܣ׷˭ȥ
ɯɯҪ׷һǾû⣬Ҳɱ֮һԼɾͿˡɯɯҲһ㶼ںΪģгӷǸ̬ں涥ţΪʧҲָܻܿ
ӻСǲˡҲգҾȽԼĴλøɣҲ÷һ¡
ɯɯǲмĿƣҲǷŭ쵰ȻֻԼŵλãû㽫λøԼҾ˵ˣҲδģԶŵλãɯɯûȤ
˵˵ɣ˵Ҳǿ㣬ֱӴȥҾˡ
⻰˵ģһƭһʵԼ½ҲǺԶһ֮ھܵɡ
½⻹ɯɯϣΪƻ˵½ģû뵽Ȼ˵½
½ôûλõĻҪԼǾͬѣԼҲھŰǰںĴ½ʱһ֮ľŰûУҲֻ΢ʹκ˶޷ģ͸˵ҵˡ
ƴӻɯɯпһֵط˷ܣӣŮˣõԼˣʲôȥţҲ°ˡ
˵صǧ֮⣬һΪ˵ںѹһֻҲ˵һֻǿޣԼں

ûȻСԺ⣬Ȼǲ֪ġ½˵˵һ׵أҲ֮أЩڿˣȫˣʬ嶼Ҳǰʱ䣬ɢһ˿΢ԴԼġ
һ¡˵Լɢⲻܣд£ǵ˲û֡
Ϊ̫΢̽ķһҪ߼֣ƾΪٸߣǿҲ޷ֵġӸպþôһԲŻ֪Լ䡣
ԭˡ֮ǰҾ͸оϳҵ֮⻹һû뵽Ǽ̽ķ
ΪҵĺˣԼǸͨˣöеġ
ȻѾԼľλããһҪ½𣿡
ɯɯ˼ˣҲҪǼˣڣҲȥˡ
ǣȻƸҽԼλ˵Ȼ׼ġ
佣˵ٷϻְɡ
С㣬Ϊһô׾͸ԼλҲ㲻ţȴʵ̫󣬴纣󣬺ϻһǧСֳ֮ΪǧǸطһطǸ½ûġ
˼˵һҪ·ģڻɱǣ
ǱġȻ㵱Ӹһͷ𡣡
ҡ
СȱԼȽҪɡ
ɯɯסһڶȷԼ̫ҪˣҵԼһҪһˣ쵰
ڻɯɯһǰͬʱӷ磬ƴţϹңҲѾǱ½
佣ѣӷ缸ܲܵģǼһҲ֪жİգʵڲУӷɾҪӲˡ
ǼҲҪģΪ½̫ΣգûˣڱȽϰȫġ
磬ǵʶ̫ȻᱻǸŮ˷ֵġ
ǾͱʶˣֻҪǰǼ˾Ϳˡ
ףǶǻɯɯˣֻҪǣҵ佣ˡ
ݺʷʫǲûɯɯһȥģڻɯɯ˵³Ǻ󲻾ãʹŻҼļ˸˳
ݺʷʫɯɯ̫һ֣治֪ᷢʲô£ֻһ·βˣ֮ľ룬Ҫպá
ݺṫӣ˵С˵ǲģ֪Լ𣿡
£УѽСҲľˡ֮Ǹں棬淢ʲô£ҲļС֧Ԯ


2429 
½һ纣һǧСǧ
رһ֮ڶûй̶һСʱ֮ڣᷢüε仯ĸû˾סΪˣûĻᡣ
һ˵˵ڼǰ½һֻǳ͵ޣǸʱҲ֮ΪޣǾ޴Ĺ½չһɱڵʱ½ͳϹżʱϵǴѹһףҲֵɡֻû֪ϹΪʲôֱӽǴɱˣѹںףڵģϹŲɱǴɱˣڲԵ֮£ֻܽѹסˡ
ԽֻǴԣ˵ò񷶦һֻ޶ɱ˵ĻǾ̫ЦˣϹŵ겻ɱޣ϶ԭģֻڣû֪Ǹʲôԭ
Ѿ⣬ȴûֱӹȥΪ棬һƬ֣ƬΧ֪ƬֵĴС
Ϊʲôˣ
ɯɯһ·Ѻ佣ʱѾоһʮǿҵɷû´ĻɷԴģǰƬ֡
ҿǵǰɡ
Ϊʲô
ѵûоеɷʮǿһǴž޴Σյģһ׼ûоͽȥǻԴġ
ҿʱ䣬ȳӷɡҸ㣬ǰˣɱСӡ
˵䣬ɯɯһѾס侲Ĳӣˣɯɯôһ϶ηģ佣ȴһҲɯɯв
Ҳ̫Ｑ˰ɡⶼѾˣҲûҪһʱѽ˵ˣҸûҪܵģΪţÿһ˶ٻǻеĵİɣҰõԼܲܺҰɡ
СӣٸסԼֻСģɱɱ㣬һ¡
ƿЦԼһҲֵ̫Ǯ˵ɡ
ٷϻͽﶯ֡
佣ɲǸĵˣ붯ˣƸԴʵ̫һǵһľǡ
佣Ϊһʱ֮죬Լ˸ˣ˵ˣ佣˽ӷģȻӷǱȻҲмƻ
û´ĻӷӦþڲԶĵطţֻǻûʱ
ǺðɣȻ㽫ҲûʲôҪ׼ˡ
⻰ɲ˵ɯɯģڸ佣Ƭ֣Լ˵֮ء
佣׵ĵ˵ͷһսˣ
˽ֺĲãݺʷʫҲѾϵˡ
ݺṫӣСһѾȥˣǸô죿
ô죬Ҳȥ
ݺṫӣƬֿ½ĵһ׵ѽʵ֮Ŀ´˵ΪƬֵĹϵǰЩҪȥˣȫƬеġǶƬһ֪ȥĻ¡
һƬֶѣһҲǴˣѵһƬֲɡ
ȷƬôΣգڴĳǿ˵Ͳڻ£Щһȴ˵һ¡֣ɼҼˣҲ̫ûϢˡ
ݺʷʫΪЩһеˣ֪ͲӦôˣûʲô
Ĺĸҽȥ
䣬ݺʷʫֱӽ˴֣ҼҲΣ治ȥǵȻɯɯҲ·һġ
벶ȸںݺʷʫΪŻɯɯһӷڰ·ɱĻҲļȥæݺʷʫôҲ벻ӷȻǵĺ棬һǸġ
ǿɷӦþˡ
磬ЩˣǻȰ佣ȳɣβһ˼ûС
𼱣ȻưѻɯɯһġҲ뿴ƽô
Сӻʲô취ĵ𡣿һ£ɯɯǴھŲѽôӦ佣Ҳᱻץˡ
뿴󡣿ӡͨˣδһھŲŮ˾ȳ쵽ˣһȥСɾûˣҶ˷һ£һͨתҾͦ˼ġ
ǸŮ˷ˣһŭ֮£ûġ
İɣȻܰһʲôɯɯסˡ½סɯɯĶֻһ
˼˵Լ
ûԼɯɯǲȤġ
ҿСǲǷˣԼѽϹҲ˵治°ţƤˡ
ţƤȷǴĴһ㣬Ƶķ񡣡
ǻǸϽȥɣС̫ˣһ⣬ֶ


2430 
ڵǳ󣬵ȴûκζ󡣶УȴżصɷɼƬһʲôΣԵġ
ǵĳӷʶ佣õʱ򣬾ͽ佣͵ǱȥˣΪ˳ҵĽǣǸʱ佣ڴģ֮ǰ佣Ҳһֱڴ϶쾳磬˵佣һߣڴе佣ܽسӵ¡
ɯɯһ·ɷ֮⣬ûзκεĲԾҲӿ϶ӷƬУʱԼ֣佣ߣΪ̫ˣе㲻񻰡
СӣҿǾͱָӷˣ֣һҲܻ⡣ҪųҲҪûǸᡣ
С㣬ʵ̫ˡҶ֪˵ٴˣû˵ĻͶ˺òá
ȷ治֪ӷûоӷӦûģֻȥӦǵ³ǲŶԣӷҲһ벻ԼԼ佣ҲԼ佣ǰ뿪˵³ǡ
ٷϻƬж
֪ѽû˽ܻųȥĺòáҹƣСʱǾܵˣǸʱҰҵҪģҪϷߣһһҲǰˡ
СӣѾˣ㻹ˢҸ㣬øʵһ㣬Ϊ˵ȫҵ
ƿЦһȷԼ˵ȷڻɯɯԼû֮ͬǰҪҲǲ̫ܵġ
Ƭ֣˵֮ƣҲֻĵطΪ֪һƬ֣ܣǵһżȻµõܣܵڣֻһ֪ˡ
С㣬㿴ǰʲô
Ƽ˼ͻȻֹͣ˽ŲȻתĻɯɯ˵
ɯɯû뵽ƻʱ˵ôһ仰ʶģҲǳָĵطȥ
ৡ
ֻһӰǰɯɯڵԣʱ򣬳ƬеģҲֻгӷˡ
ȻƿǰӰʱҲеԾģȻ֪һ˳֣ʱǺܳԾΪû뵽Щһĵʵ治ǸǳģȻҴһ֮ء
زصģɡ
ɯɯһΧͣĻصţղŵǵӰȴʧˡ
˵ӷûղǸһ
С㣬Ѿ߹ˣûղǸҲ
ĵط˳ӷ֮⣬˭ҽ
ǶңΪʲô˾ͲءȻ֮ǰ˵ҲģǰЩȫˣҲȫƬֵġɱģʲôޣҲκεҰûϵǾסˡ
˵ʲôס
ɯɯ˫һһ
Сӣ
佣ʱͻȻˣֱӾͳɯɯ˹
ΪֽŶŵĹϵ佣һǺܴ󣬸˲˻ɯɯȻ֪˲˻ҳ֣˵佣ҪɯɯӲǡ
ڡƣ֡
Դ㻹ʲô϶֡
ǣӡ

Ľǰȭǰļлڱ˵ǱɵģɻɯɯϾһھŲĳǿߣ佣Դͬʱ޷˿в
ȥѵ᲻֪ʮ佣һٸԴҲǻɯɯĶ֪Դ֣ΪһĴ㡣
Һˣƣ
û֪ǸйܣǸйصģĴ½Ψһĺڰ֯
ৡ
ƻ䣬ͼԱߵļϣˣ϶źɫĲ£ΪǺܸߣΪߵȴĳ֣ɼһǶƬָ֣Ƶġ
ʲôˣҴҪ𣿡
ѾԱˡңơ
˵ͼǰͱˣϣĻʲôҡ
ΨһҴߣҲûʱǽˡҸ׷ɱλ
ˣ
ͬʱһ໥һۣϾƵߡ
һʵСӣǸǺһѽˣССǲϹȥҪǡ
˵˵һǳİɣǺĵ̱ɱǶǺҲ̫ðɡ
ԭһʼѡڴ⣬ʱ򽫺ɲΪǣסɯɯԼܣҲǣƲסɯɯƵĿģúɯɯ֮䣬´ԴӷΨһһڰ֯


2431 ǿߣ
ڳֵǳӷ磬ǻɯɯһҲǷõıӷ簵ˡ
ڳֵˣȴ۵СɫƻСɫûɯɯһͷˮ
ںڰʵĴڣԺĻɯɯȻǲ֪ģҲὫЩСɫɯɯģֻǳӷ硣
һȺ֪ϣҲǰãȻѾͲסˣҲûҪǿԼҽҲҵģҪκ˴·ˡ
ɯɯȻһȫ˲䱬˳
¡¡
޴ıըΧǧ֮ȫΪƽأҲȫɯɯһɱˡ
佣Դ˵ıȽϿ죬ӦҲǳ죬ڻɯɯδ֮ǰ˿ˣҵĻ壬ҲǵסһΪɯɯһ̫ңͣҵģҲǲܱȫġ
Ѫƿ˳û뵽ɯɯȻͻȻ䷢裬ַ񣬿¾ǳӷ磬Ҳһȫֵɡ
佣ԴܡŮѾˣǵֵס
ܣҪɱˣһҲܲˡСӣǵһҪġ
ӣСġ
Դ嵽ǰɯɯٶȱܶ࣬һѾֱסԴĲӡ
ֻһԴ˫һ󷭰ףѪͣӿ
Դ
Ļܵô࣬ԴԼΪԼǰɯɯҲɱġ
һȻҵģڵ꣬ǷµѪծ̫ˣԴȫңҲΪҵĹϵŵģԼǷԴѾ̫ˣЩԴıԼҲԻڡ
ӷվһ˲񷶦ıӣ֪Լһҵ֮ģǸʱԴҲȻõĺôԼһеİ취ȥԴأһжѾҪˣʲôҪˣԼΨһˣҲѾԼԼǰۡ
ӣס죬졭
仰Դڱ۾һ˵ģûаѻ˵꣬Զ۾
ɯɯҪ
ʱҲʼ͵վһΣҲԴ
ˣѵҲ𣿸ӲҲûˡ
ңҪΪԴΨһˣŮˣȴҵɱ
ƣҪ𣬾Ҫȱס֪ܣֺγǣϾΪҶġԷģɻģ佣ģһ죬лɯɯɱҼ壬Ϊ㱨ġ
佣ɴκ˳ŵɽˣΪģֻΪԴǵΪƣԼĻͲ֮ˣͲڻɯɯˡ
һһĴƵĳ𣬾佣ĳ佣ĳǾǳӷĳ˵֮ǰӷֻǽɯɯǻҼ嵱Ҷ˷£Ǵһ𣬻ɯɯҼ壬ǳӷҪĶ
ߣߡ
佣סƿٵĺˣûʱȥԴʬˡ
ɯɯѾɱһ
ȫҪ
ɯɯ˫һţǿ԰ǧ֮ȫʹ佣һҲˡ
ƾèֶΣѵҵɡǣžǳӷˡ
ɯɯһƾȳƵͷ˹ȥ
佣Ҫ赲ΣͶˡ
֮ͻȻһɾ޴ޱȵɷӻɯɯ߳˹
Ҽˣ˲ôţôȻҵĵɱˡ
ͻˣȻɯɯƳˣ⻹Ǵɯɯϣ佣ƶˣҲе˼顣
ɯɯǴھŲˣȻ֮䣬ͽˣ̫̬˰ɡΪҪǣ˵Ϊһôľ磬һҲо
ʲôˣֹ
ëѾͷǰҷ˵СѾͷүүңҲ˷
ôĿҼļҷ⵽һôģǡģ
үүţҲȲͷ¶βеġֱǡ
ɯɯδ䣬ղǿɷ֪ʳ˻ɯɯϷ
ɯɯ佣Ȼ̧ͷȻйǿģһʲôʱģԼȻһҲûʵҪɱ˵Ļ»ɯɯǿ˹ûˡ
ΪҪǣˣǾȻһʮ꣬һȥǸ߹꣬һͷںڵĳ磬ϵ·ϣϣЬϣ꣬ϳǿɷ֮⣬һִӹɢʣ˺ͣһоһλ߹ӣ


2432 ȸˣ
ϢڻɯɯϷǴ˾;ԲһΪҲԲڻɯɯ֮£򣬲̼˻ɯɯ
һ˵ʵǻɯɯҲǲģټ֪Ҽ֣Ҳһ˽⺣
λѣĻȰûǱˣΪϣܶܲ˵ġ
ɯɯǺʾģܶԸʲôˣܶԸʲôΪǱߵˣɯɯҲԲʾΪģԼǻҼ壬Ҷ˷硣
СѾͷǲСѽӣ϶Ҳֻ̳ܽûûСĺ
϶ûûС
仰ܼ򵥵ĻǻҼϳһĶ⡣
˵½Ƶϣû˸ԼҼ壬Сӣʲô
㵽˭ŶұҲûʸվ
˭ѽ˭أˣѾԼ˭һǵԼ˭Ҳûʸ֪ɡ
쵰Ѱ·
ɯɯ˵Ͷ֣ͲһУͻأɢǿҵ̹⣬̹лЩĲʹ⡣
ʲô
ǿͲġ
ԭֻޡ
ޣ
ѵǵ걻Ϲѹֻ
ѽϹѹ˳ǲôʵĴʲôѽضٴһȷѪġ
ҵ뿴Сӣʲôġֳԭΰɡ
¡
һ޴ıըٴ𣬻ɯɯеȫ˳ȫ˹ȥ
ǣһĻ佣ޱȵĳԾ⣬һĻ佣޷侲ˣǾκѽķѽ
ǿ̹⣬ֳһΣǷΪʮΡ
һֻ޴̹ޣͷһֻ񼦵ޣȴǳǳ߹󣬷·һжмһˡ
Ƶ˫ķǳ󣬿ֵ̹ޣͶѾ˿ųһOΡ
ѵǡ
Ѿµݣһʱ֮䣬ֲȷ
佣ʵ֪ʲôˣ
Ųµˣⲻ̫ѽӦ˵ǾԲܵġ
ɯɯ˺ʮǿסţһ˫۾˼Ŀ꣬ҲµƵġ
ܣôܡôܻţ
ӣСѾͷԳҺ˵СӣѾµҵˡ
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ȸε½ͳߣβ񷶦Ǹȸ
ôܣεĲ񷶦ôܻţڸħսûҲ֮ļβ񷶦ѽӷڡ
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˵һ룿ʲô˼ѵǡ
𺳲ԣһԼһǡ
ȸʮ˴ϵ
ȸĺˣһȻǿȸĺˣһĲ񷶦ˡ
ò˵ƾˣ佣ˣɯɯҲˡû뵽ϹҵĳˣڣȸĺҲˡҿȸǾβ񷶦رһ࣬ޣĴ½ҲΪǿޡ
콫ɯɯĵģپǽӷû뵽ȸĺˣȻ˵ǿǿ˷ָĵز
ɯɯĿʼֻʵϵĲ࣬Ǹ֮һƴģڣһȻǿȸĺˣͲͬˣΪɯɯܱ֤طǰ֮⣬Ҳ֪ûȸйϵˡ
ӣҪɱ佣ǲˣҪõԼҲˣɯɯȥðգǿܱȳӷΣյ
û뵽¹ȥˣ񷶦ĺҲˣǳطãҾ͸ȸһӣҷһ
ߣСѾͷ㻹浱ԼǸˣҺĵ̣˵˵߾ߵġҪ߿ԣһֻ֣ҿŻ϶ϣͲΪˡ
ҪС֣Ǹʲô
ݺʷʫʱϵҲΪоɯɯղűݺʷʫɲ飬̸Ϲæ
ɯɯûκΰնԸ˿ȸǿȸǵʮ˴Ŀȸ
ݺʷʫǸϵɯɯҲ˵ʵϻȸ
ȸȻִⲻߣǽ죬ҲͲˣӲˡݺʷʫСĵ㣬ǿȸĺˣʵ֮ϡ
ʲô
ݺʷʫһ㶣ȸĺˣʵ֮ϣ㲻ֱ˵Ǹʡ£
˼ԽԽ˼ˡϹˣˣھȸĺ˶ˡӣ½Ѿ𽥵׳

ӷˣҲѾϵˡ


2433 룡
ӷĿʱ򣬲ҲˣԴͲƸҼĳҲܽˣⳡϷͿܿˣΪڣѾǾ佣ˣ佣ҲѾҪˣɯɯԸһȸ⣬Ļʱȥܱġ
˵ˣǵĿȸƣǲ񷶦½ͳߣȻͬһʱǵĺ˼棬ܲܳΪ˰ɣҲ˵ȸǾԲܿƱɯɯɱģԣҲǰȫġ
ȸӷ绹Ȥһ￴ȥͲȴҸɯɯүүа壬ֳƻɯɯСѾͷ֤ȸҲСˡ
߾ǿȸΪӷ綼Ϊһôľ磬ôҲ˵ڿȸϣһʲôرǱģܽΪȫסڱ¶ʵ֮£޷ȷȷΪ
ȻΪҪǣϹҵĴˣȻϹ״ģҲϹŵֵܴġҵĺˣټϿȸĺˣ߼һ˵ʲôء
ӷ룬Լǰ߸񷶦Ĵˣˣȫ֡ȻͲˣΪ͵ǳӷ硣
߸߸ħԿĲ񷶦ǵĺˡˣȴǰˣѵҲɺ𣿲ɺϣ֤֮ǰĲ²⣬һеһУȫħڱŵġ
ȲħĿʲôȻ㶼ѾˣǲʲôֶΣҳӷȫյȫվˡ
ɯɯӷҲˣһģһĲģ佣ȸȾƣɯɯӦһɣģضС㡣
úǲǰģɯɯȻǸŮˣҲڱ뿪ӷЩ
ӷȻ֪ɯɯʲôȴҲûƿڵľתÿһ˶еģݣеλŮˡĻھĺãҪûиıע֮ǰҲܱ֤ô
ӷ磬ġȻɱǣһ죬һὫȫɱġ
ŶһǺڴһĵֻǱʱҶӶȴڱ󶪺ݻźѽ
ɯɯʱӷоȸڵ̬ȣһ仰û˵ǲԼˣȻˣԼΪβ̨׾ء
ɽģڡݺʷʫߡ
ɯɯ˵ˡ
ܷŹɱԴ
ƣǲɱɱĻҾԲġ
ƿųӷ˫ۣ˫µǳӷһϵˣڻɯɯɱԴʱ򣬳ӷ粢ûгֹԴɱ֮ݺʷʫϵ֮ģ˵ʲô˵ӷ϶ʹҪԴģԴһ˵ȥȡԼԻҼĳޡ
֪˳ӷ뷨ƻ˵ڣ֪˵ˣԼӷ֮䣬ͻһָĤӷҲãֻССֵöѡ
ʵ˳ӷģӷȷǿԴڻɯɯǸʱӷҲȵģӷ粻ΪԴ佣ѽԼȳ֣ɯɯɱԴˣɱ佣Իɯɯٶ˵ӷ绹治һͬһʱ赲Ρ
佣˵һԴһٸһǧһӷҲǻüͷһ£ֱġ
ɾΪ£ӷ֮ûѻ˵ף˺ƣȴԳӷ֮ģһǾԵ֮ģĸûϵǳǱʶеһָˣһֶԴĸ顣
ȻڳӷƽĹϵ׻ᷢչôǶǺ󻰣Ȳ˵
ȸڳӷһ˫۾һֱڳӷϣҲλɯɯҪ뿪ˡ
ӣҺȤ
ӷ߽˿ȸޣӷ粢Ὣ࿴ǻȶԴܶ˶Ҫ
ңҲܸȤ𡣡
ûΪҿ
ĵߣҲ͸ѵǲ񷶦ڲ֮ͬ𣿡
֪ǲ񷶦
ô˵ҵҲǲ񷶦Ȼû񷶦ƣһǸоĵġ
ܺãȻǶתĨǵˣǾͲҪϻˡ˵ɣǲǺİ
ǡ
𰸣ȫ˳ӷϡ
һǿ֪ϸļһںȴǰ̫ˣѲɣ֮ڣбȿȸǿĴڣ
ӷԲţںл˱ȿȸǲǳ̸
ܷһ£һʶһºͷϴ󡣡
˼ǰӲ͡
ȸ䣬Уһ
ȸú


2434 ޣ
ȻǺ룬ǿȸҲþܾǿǿ͸ǳϾںﻹǵһ˵ġ
ӷں֪İһôȻܽȸǿ߹£ģǾͲʵϵˣҪλߵǾԵλߡ
ͨ˴֣ӷ缸ѾһƬͬĺƬһ޼ʣͿ˰ȴܿںϣźܶС
ƽԴʬ˺ߣһ˵ȫĵطֻҪЩɣܹпȸͲ˴Ľ
ԼһСʱԴķǰһСʱվ̫ãΪкܶȥҪңǾֻгӷŰȻܽȸĻǾܸӷһɷǳǿ
˵ƶԣǳӷһԴҲ£ֻһʱȥļˣΪӷв
ԴﰲϢɣôˣҲˣ·Լȥߡģһ죬һӻȥġ
վԴķǰľϹΣתԳӷ缸ˡ
һʼưԴʱӷ缸˶û˵ֻԱ߿ţ佣ǼҲºԼЩ˸֮䣬Ѿ˸ĤĤܳȥĻǶպķչǺܲġ
佣Ҳ֪ҪƸԼ֮Ĥһʱǰ첻ģ飬ֻܿʱȥ
룬ڼǰ֮ǰ֮ǲҪ̸̸
ߵȸ˵
֮䣬ûʲô̸ġƵĴУĴȴӡסˡţӷܰӡģڸղΣյʱûаԭֻһڷ㣬ڶڵһѵĻᣬӡͬʱܽƵĴȫ
ӷûκεķӦҲǿЦһ˵˵һҲûȷڵһѵĻᡣЩҪ̸飬ûĹϵɡ
ҵȻ֪Ҫ̸ʲô£ܿϧҴˡˣϲʲôֻػԼеһԶȥȥ˲ңҲˡңҾԲˣô꣬ѧ˵Ψһּ
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û֮󣬺˻ǺΨһĺڵǿȸĺˣǲܷŹģҲܷŹκζвĴڡ
԰ǸĻ٣ɱٱǣǻ棬ˣŪ
ȸ⻰һֱӱ¶Ϊ
棬ƵҼμɯɯүүǿһţѽȸȻ˵ŪΪҲ
ô𾪵Ϊ֪һôܲǸ߼ģ۷İɣҲܾôˡ
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ӷһҲǰ˼˵ȻԼѾ¶Ϊ㲻ΪõĻǾͱضΪɱ
ӷ磬Ҳ̫ſ˰ɡȻ֪ҵΪ˵ġΪ񷶦ܵ𣡡
񷶦ǲܵģԹ֮󲻾֪𡣡
Ҫ֡
ҪȥֹȴѾˡ
ֻڿȸչֳʮ̹ȸβ۵̹γһ԰
ͬʱӷҲһƬѪ⣬Ҳˡ
ӷ粢ûԵסȸֻƴ󣬸һƴ󣬽񷶦ȫġ
ֻ̹Ѫһ˫һΧ˷ǳĶ
žžž
飬
ϵĺˮը֮УͻȻܲʱȸȻͻȻջأȻ̧ͷɫķǳѿãҪ¡
϶ʱ֮ͬ㣬ˮһгĲͬط
һ磬ȫͬһλ˹ȥǸλãмλá
ˡ
һŮˣ˿ȸǰ
Сǲǰˣ
ǵġȸϹȥˣ¾ˣ
ȸڿûʱӷ棬ûʱƷϻֱӻһ⣬мλó˹ȥٶ֮죬ס
ӷվںߣı˫ۣһ˵ǿû´Ļǵ걻Ϲѹ׵ްɣ


2435 ʴ֮
֪ͨȸСҲϹȥȴӷ
Ļͻشһ⡣
ӷôһС¶һ㶣û뵽ĿˣȻ˷ѵɡ
֪ԼʲôطǺĵ̣ȫǺˣֻҪҾͿԱ֤ǣȫû뿪
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ӷһֱסСĲӣٶ֮죬ȲϿȸǰı̬һȸ֮⣬Ӧû˻ǳӷĶְɣǺİҲδرȿȸҪǿȸʮ֮һǺҲطֻټǵ߶
ϷſȻҪ

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һŮ˵ӰҲˮŲԵĶԳӷ˵Ȳ棬ǰ֮Ȼкܶ˵ġߺǲҪ˺ǰֵܽãԸ
ˮ˵뿪ˣ˿ĵ飬һǰǱʲô£ﶼġ
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޵飬ǲ֪ģʵԼҲռΪݵ֮˽⵽ġ
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ȻҲˡ£д鷳ˣȸǵȴڣæϹȥûϴĻֻޣӦǺĴ½ΪǿһֻްɣңޣȽ϶࣬Ҳ˵ֻޣǴӺġ
ʵֻ޵飬ֻ֪˲Ǻֻܶ࣬м߲֪СǺˣȻ˵ġ
û뵽ⶼ֪ɾ֪ΣϾҪƹضǿȸӦĴڣǲĻȰ뿪ȥҪκйǺ顣
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㲻õġЩǿȸѹ޵ģûпȸֻͳˡ
ô޲Ҫ𡣶ңûĻʮ֮ڣ޾ͽƷѾѹô꣬һ֣Ҫȵǿüġ
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磬ǹȥɡ
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мλãΧûһģһ޴С
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ӷ缸˸ϵʱ򣬲ûмȸ֣Ǽ֮УһŮˣڴ
Ů˾Ȼ޴֮ڴеλôҲֻ޸ġ

ô̬ɣǸŮ
Сġ
ȸһóӷ缸һ㶡
ǸŮˣǺİһŮˣոȥѽ
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佣˵Ҹоȸڲϵıǣʱ֡
磬Ҫȥǵһֻôޡ
Сʲô˽⣬ȸҲֻʱ׼֣û֡ǸŮˣҿΪߣǣȴֵطͷһֱͳд˵ǸŮ˲򵥣ϣʲôر塣
ӷֱӷɵ˿ȸߣڶڹעеŮˣҲǵİûκ˻ȥĶˡ
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ȸ˫۽ںϣ˵ŮôˣŮ˾Ͳܵ𡣡
ǲԣǲģȴҪôһֻǿޣͺˡ
˵ҪԸޣڸлޡ
ʲôл
ûײУ壬ʰ֮лޣҲѾһˣֻû뵽ֻ޻˱̬ǧ꣬޷ı


2436 Ѫ
ʰ֮һʲôӷ绹ǵһ
ǰӷ֪в֮а֮Ĺ֮֮ȵȡ죬һʲôʰ֮ĻǾԲս͵ȸ˵ģһָл
㲻ս͵ҲӦΪԽߣԽǿɡޣϹŶ޷ĴڣʱϹŻǲ񷶦ΪԱڵĳӷҪߣ֮ϹŶ˵ĴڣǳӷȻҲˡ
ʣ񷶦˵ģУҲȻˣȸȻҲһ취ûУҲǼһȥѹƣѹƲ˵ʱΨһѡӦ˳˳½ŶѽǸôֻʰ֮ȥлأ
ǺҲǺܴ󣬵ȸȴ˵л޶ǧˣɼͣ˵Ҳиǧɡ
˿̣ӵľ޴󣬺ڵλãҲǲͣĳΧӿ޵ԽԽǿˣǿڿʼ
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Ȼӷһ仰ֱӾͼŭ˿ȸǳӷ˿ȸĿеŮƵġ
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治֪ǵһôŮˣԼΣգǣˣȻÿȸ֣ЩʲôѽΪνʰֻ֮ܽµ޸л
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ӷ˫۳ľʣΪУȻڱСһСҲ˵ֱֻѹ˻ȥ޷ˡ
ʲôЦ϶ľ磬ҲǺǿ󣬾ȻԽֻ޸ѹסҲ̫˰ɡ
⣬ʰʵѾǵһˣֻһαǰҪذˡ
䣬棬ƽһ㲨ƶûС
ȸʱ£һѷס˺ʵû°ɣ
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һŮˣȻǺĴ½Ψһһڰ֯䣬̫˼ˡ
磬ûоãǸŮ˿ȥе֡
֣ʲôֵģ
ҿޣȴҲǰٷ֮ٵѽ
ƴţһ˵ӷһ£˫ٴο˺漴ųһѪԪأҪȥ̽һºĵϸ
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顣
ȸһ־ͽӷѪԪظƽˣ˫еķŭٴ
ѪԪأӷ磬ʲô
ѽһ۾ͿѪԪأһﻹǼʶ㡣
ᣬֻǶԺȤˣ뿴ʲôˣ
Ǻֹס˿ȸЦȸûµġԳ˵˸еӦõġ
˵⣬ķɵ˳ӷǰһ׼ûУǸͲĳӷ˺Ƶġ
޵Ľ壬Ǻʲôܵ飬˶֪ġ
޵Ľ壿Ҳ˵ĸĸһ࣬һޣֲͬѪҺֲͬѪҺȴֽΪһ塣
ѹֻƴţһַޣַǾĸоǸѪѽ
ʵݣʲôʵ飬ȴһҲϣһμӷ磬ֱ˵ݣ˵ǸĻˡ
ֱԣҸе⡣
ȸ˵ӷ磬ʱ飬Ҳ˵ˡ㲻Ҫú˵ı׼ǰȡΪֻѣɱ¾ˣûʸǰȣʶʸûС
ȸ⻰˵˵ϣӷȷһѸɱ¾ˣһУѵ𣡺ܶ飬˲ӷҲߵһģȻߵһǾûѡļȥڳҶԣһ֮·ԣĳӷ磬ֻǳɳ˰ˣ


2437 ĺ
ȸǺܲˬӷѽ޲ھͽӷ缸˸ߡ⣬ȸûеģֻһжѡ
˵Ѿ㹻ʱϿȸֲϲ֮ˣһֻƽȥһİŮˣػĿһƬѾ㹻ˡɳӷ缸˵ĵֱӾʹ˿ȸƽⲻòÿȸԳӷУ޲Ͻӷ缸˸ߡ
ǣһ߶ǿͣ˿ȸΣܸˣҪӷ缸ȥܲ
֣µʱӲͬĵطͬһʱϹ֮󣬾ͻͬһʱȥҪ˵һġܣǺĹذɣֹҲֻڽһԵľ֮УҪĶ飬Ǳضᱻնɱġ
ӷ粻ɵһ·ЦΪȸ˫ûкóӷ粻ò뷢Ц
˵۾ǲ⣿ôҵġ
ӷ磬ҿɾ㣬ϴ뿪ͱǳȥˡ
ҪҳȥҲҪûǸѽȻڲӦòİɣȵʱҲòԸɡ
ȷȸһӷ磬ΪۣӷͲĶ֡ǣ񷶦ȴÿȸòɻ䡣
˵ȸ˵ɲǺĴ֮ѽ
ǲ֪СӿɲǸͨˣɱ¾ֶιӲһǴ鷳ġ
ȻֵѾˣǲôǺҲӦýӴһµġЩˣ㵲𡣡
ȸЩˣ½¾ԼһںɲѽȻԼ֮ǰ˵ҼĻ涼һϣǿȸûʲôմ
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һĹ򣬳ӷϱߵһɽկĵطɽկſڣдš֣ܲǵһʯϵġ
ɽկ֮Ů٣ʲô˶УЩˣȫͨˣûһǽȫģǶֵģǶ˽ŵģһһоǣʲôֱܲǸˣȫУ
ӷ߽ɽկһ̣ɽկˣȫ˳ӷ缸ˣǵ񣬾ͺѾûмƵġ
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Щôһӷˣһʱ䣬֪˵ʲôá
һú֣ΪʲôҺܲİɣ
⡣ڼʱҲһڰȣǸȽϺһ㡣
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Ϊʲôֽ½УǺȴһеĺڰ֯أʥŮЩһﶼη塣
ȸ˵Ǻ֮ԻᷢչɽӣȫΪġ
ңûϵɣ
ӷһڸսʱ͵֮ڷչ˹ģû˸ҲǼѽɲǺǻ񶼸ҳӷûëǮϵɡ
Ϊսߣַߣɱ¾ߣνߣ½ǷЩͨȻͳΪЩνߵƷԼסЩνߵָ֮䣬ǾͻȫԼЩˣȫ½ͬطģҲȫս۵ģǰǣȥˡ
ﻹǸѽ
˵ѽһе𣬶˳еһеĺ£ȫȥ˵ǰ㣬ΪʲôЩˣȫûȥˣ
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˵⣬ԭϥһֺɫĹâɢ
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˵ⷬ󣬳ӷֻоģʹ
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ӷȻתͷƴţǼȫһϥӷһ𺰵֮ơ


2438 ʣ
꣬ţˣȻ¶֣ǲ⣬Ϊпȸڣ޼ɵˣô˵ӷҲǵھβ񷶦ѽһ֣Σɱ㣬Ҳ߳
ò˵ղóӷ缸ʴ֮Уɱ¾սڸղһ̣·ʧھ֮⣬˻عƽع鵽Ե㡣
ǣʰ֮Ҳֻ𵽶ݵãӷܿͷӦ˹ǳ죬˵գ֮飬Ҳóӷ˽⵽ʰ֮治ǸǳģȻ߱ɱͬʱҲñʧȥһս

Ҫ˶ɡ
ӷӦ˹
һ֮ƽʰаͳͳƽ⣬˵Ŀǰλã߱䣬˻Ĺ֮⣬κ֮ƽģɵ񷶦˱䣬ű䣬űȶ֮Ǿ治֪֮ڣʲô֮ƥˣҲΨ֮⣬ħܸӷԿɣ
ʵ˵񷶦ӵеֻв֮˶ѡ˴񷶦һǳ˲֮еڶģҲֻгӷھŶһ࣬һӵж໥֮ûйκεĳ
ҪĶΪŮӾͲҶ㡣
Ϲҵ̤أɽկ¡һеͨˣȫڵء

ĻȺϹҲһȸڳӲܿȸʲôϵֱһֱ壬ҪĨɱ
ӷ佣ȴֹûȥϹң
ΪϹ˵ĴˣΪڸߣΣǰɣǸƣ
ȻӷҲᣬ̽һ¿ȸĵߣҪɶвŻȫ

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ӷ佣һҲûϹңվԭһҲûϹһֻۣǿſȸ
治ҪˣҾͳȫ㡣
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ӷһŵҩϹҵĿУϹҳ֮󺰵ûоƣ
ƣϹұǽˣڣϹұҪȡ
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С첻Ūңһ죬Ū㡣
Ϲҵڳµҩתͬʱ佣һһóһƣֱӶϹҡ
ֵܣȰɡ
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֣в񷶦Ƶĵҩ˿ָ̼Ϊʲôôࣿѣѽ
ȸʼԾϹʵˣҲòԾ
һɼصľζϹɢȸɵһЦ˵ԭˣҾʣѹƵͷԴ㣬Ҳֻʣɣ
û뵽ⶼ֪ʶ϶
㲻ùܣ֮˭ҶǾֻ·һ
ɱҵ˶ȥˣЩɱҵȫ֪ΪʲôΪõֵܡ
佣ʱҲ˳ȫݺᣬγһ֣Ҫ佣ģĽ·һ
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ȸ佣˵ϹҵĴУȴ˲תΪǽ⣬ɲ˭ܰ쵽ġʣȻǽʣ
һҾʣһʣϹҸ佣ԼûӷҲȻûġ
ӷ˶֪ʲô磬һЩʵĴڣЩʵˣһţܶ඼Ϊ̫ĹϵѹסǱ˷ϲ񡣲ЩϲʲôǱ˳Ǿ͵һոտı⣬һɳ죬Ϊһ콾İ
ϹҸ佣ǱˣһΣȻڲͬģҪɱǣΪϵĲ˵ȷǼ£Ƿչʱռ䣬Ǿͻһǿǿ󣬳ɾһҵ


2439 ã
һλ߶ԣ޽ннĵزһλ֮ĽǾ񽣣ǰвǳǵİ񽣣Ƕ޷нĵز⴦ǽ˵һǾ͵ǽһֶԽĸ򣬵ָ֮󣬾һҲܳΪһɱ˵νɱѽ
ȻҲ˵ֻҪǸǿߣֻҪǿýģܵ｣ĵľ磬Ϊľ磬ǸҲһܰ쵽ġ
ںܶ˵һǿ֮ʸΪŸֲͬı仯⽣ľͻȻɵģر佣ƣȻǰû˵ʣΪǰ佣ǳǿߡ죬佣ѾǴĳǿˣôʣҲȻȻ˳
ʣ佣ûⷽ˿ʣΪ佣ԣʲôʣǸΣɱһ𣬾ǰվŵΣƴһΣӦս
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ȸվԭأһҲǰˣһǱ̬ˣȲ˵ϹҵҾʣ˵洫佣һȫҲڲͣһʹǰ佣ϴδˡ
ӷϹҸ佣ı֣ҲǴΪԾû뵽佣ڴ֮󣬾Ȼӳ˵ǱǱҲ̫˰ɡ
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ȸɣǼʶһ£ȸˣж͡

ǿĻ棬ʹɽկϵնȼֻȲǳӷĵҲޱǿĴڣղȸȸҲ޷ڶʱ֮ڣƽϹҵĻ档
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⣬ϹҷųΧſȸͣתţȸ佣ɢĽȫΧסˡ
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ȸȫȻȫ½ڿٵ½ɲ֮䣬ʧӰˡ
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ᣬҲûκ˵˼Ӳˡ
䣬佣ϹҵҲѾʧǵΪҲڽĻָΪǾԲ£һսֵģߣǿߣͨˣ
ӷǰ佣Ϲ˵˳ӷߡ
ӣѾҪˣ˫Ҳûжֵ˼ˡ
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ȸ˵תԺ˵ȻȥϢɣǼͽˡ
ȸ˼Ҳ˵˽ȸڿȸּϣ½УѾûֵԶˣˣǿȸҲδػᶯ֡ͬӷǼ˿ȸһϧĸо֮һҲһǿ߸ǿ֮Ĺ
˵ͷԳӷ˵ҽе㲻̫ÿȸдһǰɡϣҺܶ漸죬Ŀһ㡣
ӷ˫һȭ˵ڲǵ˵֮£ҳӷҲԼԭߵġͷȥɣҸұ֤ƵߵǿˣҲɱκһˡ
ӷı֤Ȼ̣̲Ҫӷ˵Ҳ֪ʲô
λϣǺú졣
죬̸Ǻ˿ȸһʾҺˣǿѵġ
ȸȻ׺˼˵λ;һаɡ
ɽկ˼ûʲôˣȻǺȸĿˣҲȻȥʲôȫԼƽ飬ܶϴŲмͨũǻġ
Сʱ֮󣬻ƴţҲѾ˺ãǺۼ֮أûµʱ򣬺İǲۼģ˵ۼһȫǷɢġ
ط治羰ããȵ粻֪Ҫöٱ
ƴţһڣˬûаѪζûκεıζеģִֻζ
ȸԱߵһϣ˵λۣɡ


2440 ߣʹ
ȥͲǺܴĿȸʵѾǸϹˣǸҼļͬһʱȴûֱ˵׻˶꣬Ҳû˵Ϊ㡣
Կ϶ǣȸһһõĴУ޵ĹϵΪ棬ܶν˵Ķ࣬µŬڳɾ
һǿ˵ôһ磬ҪƽƽĹӣǲܵ飬Ϊ㲻ȥǱˣ˻㡣ûҰģ˻ΪʵҪ㣡
ȸԼѾǣʲôʱʶģԴʶ֮󣬾ͼ˺ʵΪ˺ıɡôҲвҪ⣬ɵȫĪıˣһ٣ٶ½ϣȻͳΪһɻ䣬ûκˣȥ⣬ںܶʱں˳ʱҪһӣ
㲻ңҲȥκˣǺּ
Щʱ򣬺Ҳǲ³ƵģΪǴеʱżȥһЩŰļһһڱ˵ͳΪаĴڣ֮ΪĴ½Ψһһڰ֯ںڵϵİɣְЩС˵׳Ƶħˣ
½ҲѾƽܾˣȻ໥֮еСС֣Ҳа໥ƺţƲ̫ķˣǺҲ⼸֮ڣ½ߡڣѾкܶˣ˺ĴڣҲǺĿģһԴһûκηĵطǵĹԼҪӡ
ȸ˵⣬̾˿ֵֻϧ㲻㣬½ӷĵֿʼҲ˽֮УͲܴκεԴܶ㵽ʲôطʼնĴ½֮ϣ޷յǳս𣡡
ȸⷬ˵ĳӷһרƻ˼԰Ŀֲһӷɲϲָо
Ĵ½ûҵĵÿܻƽΪȸĺˣ浱Ҳǲ񷶦ôӦ֪ǺĴ½Ǻռ䣬磬ܻԶƽġҪͨ˵㵽ʲôطȥ㣬ĵˣͳͳûʼһҲС
ֺγ֪ЩҲӦ֪ħóֵʱȴûг֣˵Ӧòˡ
򣬻ڣħҲڣһﻮô磬
ӷ磬ֻǲ񷶦ѣɾ񷶦ħģȻϣǵ߶ֵס˭ǿͬʱӵģеĻħͰˡ˲Ǹʱ֮⣬ÿһʱĲ񷶦ħȥģȻߴ񷶦첻ɵ飬Ϊĳħ𣿡
٣Ҳӱܣӭս͸һԼȥƴҲԲ硣

ȸһЦ˵ӷ磬ڵͷ󣬿ɾ֪ͲӢۣˣȻˣƾʲô˵εĴ󻰣
ӷûаЦݣǻɱ⣬˵ɱһΪΪۡľŰ򣬽Ϊۡ
һΪۡ棬˼ǲ˵磬ǲ𣬵Ҫ˭𣿡
ȸ߹󡢴Ѫò˵ȸںܶ෽棬㶼Ѿ̳ĴСԸ㻹У
ӷҲû˵벻ǣԼһ仰ʲôͲҪԣᣬ֮£ҪĺõĶ࣬ϾӷȸʶǶֵܵģǶһʶ֮˵ġȸִ˵Ҳһͻˣ
˿̣ȿȸ˵ӷ˵ҵļ磬һˣ˵һ仰һ֧㣬仰ǣһռ䣬
һռ䣬˵ģռ䣬棬ռ䣬һչĿռ䣬һ㹻չĿռ䣬ǳӷͿһĽ׳󣬵ʱ˵һħӷ߲ܣյȫա
ЩҲ˵̫ʵڲһɽĻҲǿ㡣Ӧһ£ֻӦˣҲܷ򣬾ͱҵ㡣
ڳӷڵΪ˵һǾһ޴вܽвǾͱ뽫ƿغãƺãвʱǵùģǳӷ硣
ӣûҵˣҲգ˵˵Ҫɣ쿪ۣҲԾ͵ػۡ
ҾϲĴ˵һ㶼ۡ
ͣƬ̣ӷ㣬뿪Ĵ½뿪ռ䣬ѡֻҪӣҾܱ֤û˸ȥ㣬ȥҵļ磬Ҳһͬġ
ʲôң
˵ôԼ˵ҪͨھǸһᡣ
ûҵȷͨҲܶ°ǡҲ֪Ҫռ֮ţǱҪһΪǺݵЩͨˣôͨĹռ֮ţ
⣬ҵ⡣֮·ֻһߣһǸҿսҲҶ˷֮ǰȽ


2441 浽

ȸһصЦֱӾͽˡ
һʱ֮䣬ȫ߸Ϲӣˣ̫ϤȸˣҪͲֻͨһǾ˿ɵ
Ⱥ˸ֻȸһ󺰵ȫ¡
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ӣģҪˣ
ҿû˼ȻԸźҳˣȻǷǳӭġ㻹Ǹ֮ǰһҿɾͲұ֤ʲôˡ
ӷ磬Ҫ˵̫һߣպҲ֪ڵʲôûҸ棬ȷͬһʱģ໥֮ҲʲôˣֻǱ˴ʶȹξưˡΪ£ΪһǻҼԸĻ̫ƲҿȸһˣҪ֪ҵô˵Ĳ񷶦㲻Ϊ裬Ҳܻűβ񷶦Եġ
⣬Ҫе㱾ǮģνMAO˵Ρ˵ǿȸĺˣΪʲôҪԵأ
㵽ô˵ʵ治񷶦Ҳûɱİգ˵򣬸ûɱ˲񷶦ȻΪҲĻǳħ֮⣬ҶҲޱܰô
ˣ񷶦ҲһһԴ߰ˣֻǶһЩЩûеĶҵô㲻Ҹղ˵İ죬ǻһ취
ӣҺֻڶ취ˣȻһ·ѡ
һŵһͬĳŵҪʱ벻һеңҲҪҡ
ӷʲôԣΪԼһ·ԼʵûоԳɳ֮ǰΪԼһʱĿɽ
˿ȸں涥ţǺЩɣӷҲܵǿˡ
ҪȸһдԼǳӷ߿ȸܱ˺һʱҲʱ̵ıǣ첻ӦҵĻҲû취Щˣȴһ֣֪ôġ
һб·ѡ𣿡
ȸЦһаɱ˳ӷ磬Ϊ˱ÿһˣԲɱǰ񷶦㵽ʱħɱҪ磬ҲԺˣԼɹܲô࣬ӸӷһʲôӲȥʲôӢۡ
ǣȸɱ˳ӷ磬˼Ҳ񷶦һʧӰ٣֮ÿǺתһȦɱˣʣǺжͷóӷɱģ
һ仰𲻴ӦӦˡ
ʵڵвɱ֮ǰвҪǿˣҲǿƶˣҾͱӦ㲻ӦУû취˭Լİǰأ
ȸڱѡ֮£ֻ˵ãҾʹӦ㣬ҪʱһȥΧġҿɰѳ˵ǰ棬ֻһΣһι飬޹أҺ޹أҲܴӦ㣬£ˡ
ӷֻҪһϢʱ䣬֮ǰݺµٽƵǱߵһݵģܿ죬ͻгǿ߹ԼɼҲ֪Ǹʲô̬ȣӷҪȸʵΪԼһڴϢʱ䣬ֻҪԼʲôðˡ
ܺãǾһΪˡ֮һעһֻҪ֮ǾҪʱһϵİɣ
ģȻѾӦ㣬Ǿ;ԻᱣһġˣʱҲˣǺҲӭλϣǼλԺˡ
֮ǰȸڲŸϹʱ򣬳ӷѾҪ뿪ˡ
ղŷʲô£
ӷ翴һۿȸȷһ˼ӷ֪ŮԼˣֻлûһôģʱҪսʱһʰһʰֱӾͶҡ˾ѽ
ðݷãʵڹⲻȥҵȾʹ˸ǣԶ̤벽ˡ
ӷ˵Ҫˣģȴȸֹס
̫ΣգǺǲ𣡡
֪Σգȸû˵һʵپĻжٰնԸ
ȸЦһ˵񷶦ǿ죬޵еĴڡҶҲδĶ֡
ǾˡˣҪǿ֮ǰʰ֮лȻʱ޾ȷѪꡣ
ѵھͲȷѪ𣡰Ҫ֪ЩˣЩ£Сɫȥҵģ
СɫȸСɫĻĴ½мɫأ
ڲ񷶦ǰʲôû磬ʲôûС
̾˿˵ȸ֪Ǳоʸ̤ģȴΪңΪ㡣ԵĻϣ
Ҫ˵ˡȻԼľǾͲ᷵ءʲô£ʲôɽʲôڵˬ졣ǺģǺ磬óӷȥɣЩȥɣ


2442 Ԥսţ
صѩǵƣһʱΪԴһ¹ڣΪʬ嶼ûлֻҲֻǸʱģߵ¹ڣԴļң
һ壬ΪҸʵ̫ˡԴļˣڰǰǴȫҵˣΪһңϣû뵽ʦδ
Ʊ˱۾ʱ˫гˮ
Դұ֮ҾͷģҲһˣΪΨһϣɽ죬ˣңʣһˣ⣬һᣬˮΪаɣ
ƵһƣԴ¹ڣǰ󺰵Դһ·ߺá
вκεȴԼѪڡ
Ȼ䣬һѪƵĿ˳
ӡ챬ˣ
ڵķӡѾ쵽ʱˣʱܽ⿪ĻϣҲˣ
ƲûΪڵķӡȥ̫࣬ΪţϣܶڿԼǣᱣԼġ
ǺʮҶ˷绹ҶЩͳͳΪԼӭսħϰ
ϰȫ
ڿʼҽһ֮׼ħĵϣҵڰʮһˣڴģһ赲ħ硣
ڵϵѪˮˮںһ𣬺ܿ죬ͽһѪɫı
㣬һս
ӷƵ𣬵ƲûתԴ¹ڣ˵ܶ£ҪԼһȥеκˣ޷ȥֵҲҵʹǰôҲԺôƣһдۣɾͰҵһͳ硣
ӷ粢ûΪƵ仰е˷ܣΪڳӷ˵ֻǳ顣ȻƵļ룬ӷİҵеĿЩЩӷ֪İҵǻƵҶҸӣĵˣռBOSSħ
֪ʲô𣿡
ţ¼壬ټ塣Ƶ棬ʱ
Ǵڶٵɣ
㣬ϹӦû
ֻ㡣
ܶٵɣǶĿ꣬ҲǵĿꡣֻһȴǶԸЩνĺǴЩˣս˷磬ӭħ
ս˷磬ӭħ
Ҷ˷磬Ҷ󣬲ħ
һ൱ѵģΪ棬žҶ˷磬Ѿ쵽ˣκĿֻһǾǳ硣
Ƶ棬ǻҲܿ죬һЩСɫǸͲ÷ǱߣҲѾ˿ȸơ
һȸԶԶġÿģ̳еʮ
̳ʮ˵̳żβ񷶦СִУҲֻСְˡ治ұ֤ܷչʲôز
̳ͳʮɣں·ҪĲ񷶦ֻв񷶦пڶʱڣɾͶȻĲ񷶦ŵ߱䣬߱Ų񷶦ҲֻܸˣǰỹҪܹơԣҪģ񷶦ò񷶦ڰ˱䡣
ڰ˱䣬˱޵У֮¾޵У̸ס
֪񷶦оű䣬֪һ·ű䣬жôѣȲ˵ǰµڰ˱˵ɣĲÿһβ񷶦ӵ߱䵽ڰ˱䣬Ǿ˶ѽЩ⾵Ҫڱ任λ֮ǰһ֮ȫһ̫Ḷ́
䣬ֻȥУ飬ͱ뿿ˡƣڿʼҳ˵ľ£㻹֣ǻƳȺЭ㣬һ°빦ġ
ӷ˵ˣǸɣҲֻˣܰƣó˳Ϊһ֧ǿװӡ
ԽԽǿȫڳˣڹ棬ġνп֦Щֲ֦öΪÿһˣλãֻҪȷλϣǾǸͨˣҲܷӳĳǱȫ
ЩӷĻ᲻֪ڸսʱ򣬳ӷġ
ڣӷ粻ЩϷԾ͵ʱ͵ҲǼʮҸ顣
ôôɣôţҶȫ֧㡣
һٸŶӡڳУһٸŶӣ֮Ϊšڵʵ̫٣뻹Ҫչһʱ䣬ҲܽһٸŶӸ
һٸŶӣÿһŶӶˣ
ÿһŶһˣһųһһһˡŴӣҪ½֮ʽҲδĲ֮һٸŶӣսĵ֮һҶ˷硣
һٸŶӣսҶ˷磬ǽʵİŴս


2443 ǿϮ
ɯɯص³ǵʱ֮ôҲ벻ȸ˱̬ļһΪǿ˷ָԼھŲ㣬ڴ۷ĴڣȻȸһжмܲסĿ죬ûˣ
ݺʷʫ㿴ֵǼһʲôΪ
ҲӦǸ۷壬пǡ

ûС㣬룬һĿȻүүϣǼ֮⣬мˣǸֱҼģǼһﲻǸңúܲмӡ
ɯɯ̾˿˵ȸĺˣΪʲôһðôİˣϹҸңֳ˿ȸĺˣ½Ѿǵ󣡡
Ĵڣ½Ͳܴڵģû뵽֮ȴһĿȸ˹ϵС㣬ǿȸҲ˳ӷǱߣǶ˵ǺΣա
ɯɯû˵ĺѿ
ȷȸĴڣ˳ӷĳˣԼҪֹӷչͲˣ
Ӧòɡ˵ǸһĴڣһλǿߣȻЩ·ٵ飬Уһбԭ򡣺ȫͬģǿȸΪ֮ߣӷڵĲ񷶦ΪϾܵףֻǴ߲ˣǿȸǰޱȣӷӦòǼ׵顣
С㣬Ҳ˵ˣǼ׵£ǲܵ¡ǻҪȫ׼һȸ汻ӷȥٶԸӷ磬ܴġ
ҪһƵǱߵˡ
С˼뿪ǰͽ㶯Ƶκκġ㽫ҼǱߵǿᡭ
û˵ҪһҼ
С˼ǣ
ٽˣһӷɱһľɱľҲͲܽҲڳӷͷţ¼ټ巽棬ѾõϢˣİȫڱչأʱ֮ǲ֪µġ
ٽ֪£һϸϹɱӷġǸ߼ֻҪһӷ˿ȸҲûлĻᡣǶڱչأ֮⣬û˸ȥǵģӱ˵ǵˣҲ
ٽǲ˲ԸٽԸ˵һ֪ǵĶӱɱˣֻҪǸйϵˣҪùһҪùģԼˣûٽտãŻᱻɱġҲ˵캣ǺˣΪԱʱ꼰㣬һϹΪٽġ
С˼˵ԼܹǾ͸ûϵˡҲǹģҲǣ
ûݺʷʫϷϢȥ˵ɱٽĳӷ磬Ǳѩǣ¸ˣȫȥҳӷ籨ţֻҪһȥѩǣһȷѪġ
ãϾͽϢȥ¸˶֪ʱʲôɽۻӷôɡ
ѩҡ
ӷ翴һսԼţɫʮѿ
ţ͹ģҿڣ棬磬ϳˣȫ
ɯɯʲô˼ѩǵϢ½ҴǲˣϢ½Ӧö֪˰ɡ
ƴţ˵磬ǲŮ˸µսѽ
ս飬ҲӦ£µĵϾڴֻڷذˣΪڣûģǻҼ壬Ҳһɯɯˡ
Ϣ
Ƶһ仰ûƴţЩȫףӷҲе㲻̫ס
ϢǸ˭ݵϢǸЩˣӦһҲŶѽôһǲ̫ˡ
ɯɯԼ֣ɸմӺ½Ҳ˽ߵϢǴЩ˵ġ
ӷվ˵赶ɱˣ
ûɯɯ˵ĵɱ㣬ˣٽˡû´ĻɯɯϢӦǴݸǺ캣֮˵ġ

ҵ˳˿ûġ
ӣǳˡ
˵
ڸһˣǸӣ֮ʲôط˵֪Ǿ·һ
˵ʲôֱɱģ
ûֱɱġżҸҵѾϹȥˣڸڵҲϹȥˡ
Էж
ûû٣ͣһ
һ
ӷ໥һۣһˣֱɱѩǣ˵Ǽ˾ɱģڵѩǣͲ˸߱˳ӷʲôطΪڳӷˣ
ո˵ѽߣȥԺҵ뿴һģȻţһ·ɱѩǣ


2444 ޣ
һ£һڵһ·Ѫһ·ʬ
һͷڸסһͭɫƤӣϴŵĶǲЬһ֪һֵҰˡ
࣬һץסһ˱ʣӷ磬ģ
̬ȣֶΣѰģܲ͵İɣҲûĸ˻ķʽܵ˼ȥ
˵ѩǣڳӷˣÿһ壬ɣеƽ̣ӷѪԪأûκˣ˵ӷʲôط
ɯɯųϢֻ˵ӷڱѩǣû˵ңͺԣɯɯȥҳӷѰֱӰѳӷɱˣҪѰ֮ѩڴɱķǽѩǸˣɯɯɾ͵ˣ

ǣ
䣬ֶ֪û˵һȥʮʮŮҰ֮֡
Ů٣Ұ˼˾ɱֻҪ˵֪ĵ֣;Բġ
㣬˵
֪
ǡ
һ·Ұ˲֪ɱ˶ˣȴûһ˸˵ӷҵģΪ˶֪˵ˣҲһܻĸҡ
ǰ·ѾһˣֵϵˣɵǿɲҰ˵Ķ֣ǸϽΪųӷǱѾõϢϸϹġ
ڳӷû֮ǰżҸңڸڵȫ˹
ҰҰΧ
ڵһ£ϰٺˣ̽Ұ˸ŰΧסˡ

Ұֻ˵һ֣Ȼ䣬һɫĵӳһĲҽ𣬷ڵ˽ĵȥ
һУɱʮˣ÷ڵųһ亹
⵽ǸʲôȻ
֪ͨǵжԲסҰ˵ġ
໡
ȥû˸ǰһȥģȷ˺ʮ׵ľ룬ҰͻһУѩǣУζ
չĳӷˣһУȫֹͣӷ˫۳ķȥͼǱߣһֻɫıӳ֮ϡ
ޣ
ӷֱӶ֣ǻɫıӣѾ֤˵ݣޣѶԷûκεʵһУֱӾͽе˳
ɣ
Ϲһ䣬ȫۼ˳ӷߡ
Ŀ湻ģȻֱӾɡ
磬ҪҪ֪ͨȸ
һɾͽпȸ̫˷ˡҪ֪ȸֻһΣһεĻᣬһҪһһ̫ͼ
һɣΪߣҲʹ߲ˣôȥֵһѽ
ʱڱȣǸɺʯҲǵ𣬵ôģһֱӣһ㶼ԼˣöԸġ
ûеɵʵɳӷȴв񷶦ѽ
ܽ޸ˣǽӷ磬ƴţ˴ĺôѽ
ȻҲֻѣϾһɣһȫɱ¾Գӷڵʵ͵ֵסģ
ϡ
ǰڡ
ȥ֮µˣͳͳ˻ȥ
ʲô
֮ǰȫˣǲ͵ھͳӷǼ
аɡǴʵ̫ˣȫ˻ȥǾǼôֵסһѽ
ɹȥ޷ǾġȻЩ˸ңҾͲܰǵڻʹٲ֮սʱ򲻻ǵڻҡ
ӷҲ˵ĺֱǵ֮սʱ򣬱Ҫʱ򣬷ǲܽκһ˵ڻҵġ
ϳ˵ֵܣҲ𣿡
ɲ˭ֵܵġ͸ղһУǾ̫Զͱˣ
ӷ˵һҲûǱߵˣȫѾҰ˵һ˹ȥûκһվŵģܶҲΣա
ɲУȻˣôǼȥǸһȥܰһæġ
һɣ˵ǣ⼸磬Ǳɱġȥˣ𲻵κõġ
Ǿ͸ҪȥˣûһģҲȥðաΣˣһ
ϳǼ֣Ҳһļ֣ʱǾԲ˵ģ̸͸˵ˡ
ӷ̾˿ЩˣǷǳиԣǳִģȻ֪ǰҪԵһôǸӲܻˡ
һ̸裬ӷ룬佣ƴţϹҵĴУʮ̳֮ǵɾ磬̸裬ȴǡ
ӣҪ뾡һа취̸Ϊˣ죬ҲһõĻᣬһɵ磬˰ɣҰޣǰħޣ޸ħ޵𲢲ǺܴҲϵĲͬˣ֮ޣǸһħޡ
ϧֻӣֻͺˣȻѾ࣬ޣйġ
ȻǶ˵ļ֣Ҳ˵ʲôˣҲ̫ģԷȻˣҾû뿪


2445 ɣ
ΪھŽڵĽֵ֮ϣӽͷβϰǵڵϵģһѾˣһֻ˹ȥ
صѪһɱ֤ݣУⳡɱļ֤
΢ѩ紵ȴŨҵѪζԲʮڣŵ
ҰһһӡÿһӡѪӡǣ˫ۣȴڵµ˶ȥ·飬ƵģѾΪ˼ҳ㷹
ӭ棬һŮ˵Ӱһ·ֵסˡ
һ£һǣޱȣϵȻǺǿ󣬿ɱȴҰʱֹͣǰΪҰ֪ǰ֮ˣһ֮ǰЩ˲һ
Ůˣ
ȻǸŮˣһǵŮˡ
̣
ûŮˣ̣û뵽ӷδȴȵˣܹģǳӷһƻ
˵ǳӷҪüҰ֣ҲȥѽҲӦϹȥǣΪڳӷߣ˳ӷԼ֮⣬ΪߵģϹˣ
治̵֪ĳ֣ζʲô

Ұ˶һ֣ˣŮˡǿߣߣȻҳ³ֻһ
⣬̵ɢգ֮䣬һĺ£̱һ£Ӧ˵һƽס
ֳֻƽ޽ƽףǳԶɽĴУƽʿ
Ұûжһ£ƣȴֵϣγǿ̵֮󣬾޷һˡ
ŮˣҲɱ
ҰûȥʳӷʲôطΪ֪ڳֵŮˣһǸӷһģΪʱҲֻгӷˣŻ
ȻӷѾˣǳӷ籾ˣҲһڸҰͬо˺üɲǺǿϢΧǱţӣ񲻴ھͳ
ȻǲҾȽŮ˸ɱˣǳ
Ұ˸붯֣ϣȻһʮְԵƳˣ
Ƶһɵǿֻв񷶦Ĳ֮ŰĵȻǳӷɵˡ
Ұ˫һôҲ벻ԼȻ˸ƵˣٶȻ湻ģԼȴû˵ԷΪһߣȴűΪ߳౶ֻЩǿķŰĵ
ӷ磬
Ұ˴һΧĿռ䶼Ťˣ
ֵΧݣЩɱķݣ𶯣һĵ
˭֪ʱ򣬳ֵĲǳӷ磬֮⣬Ұ˵ֳһŮˣͬһ£ɢ̲¡
裡
ӷڸʲô̸ˣŮ˳ˣԼӰ
Ұ˸о֮󣬻еԾ
תų裬ȥ̣Ұ˵㣬ޣ
ǰǰ׾ãȷޣһħޣȴѾһˣ
ǰǣڣǡ
迴Ұˣ֮ǿǳǰδġ
࣬ôܻ޵Ϣ
Ϊǰħޣ࣬ǰϢٻǻһġ죬Ȼǿ޳֣һɣҿԶΪõĻҾͿ֮䣬ɾ硣
֮䣬ɣ
ǳӷ߳ģȡҰ˵壬еڣӷһҪȫ裬óӵһ壬壬ȴΪãͨ񷶦仯Ůԣ˵ֱһ㣬Ǿһͳһ
ȡҵ壬Ϊķַɲĳġ
Ұ˾Ȼһ¾͵˳ӷĿģӣһﻹ治һҰˣһҰˣӦҲʮֿġ
ȻܶҰ˵壬ҪŮԣҳΪķҲһʱ̵顣ȣҪһֹҪѪһСɼȻǶȡҰ˵壬ǾͱҪɱɱҲˣҪӷòһѪѪȻҲֻǳġ
Ҫ͵ɷһҪóϤҰϵϢ°빦ԳӷŻðգóġ
̣ĳ֣ȻǳӷҪͬ飬Ŀ꣬Ұˡ
ɵһɢ԰ǧ֮ڣܸоĵģ͸˵Ǳˡ
ھŽ֮󣬳ӷоҰ֮⣬ȻһɣǸɾȻֻ壬ûϢӣڳӷ֮Ұһ֣ӷɱ
ҰҲһ֪Լ֮⣬ڳһҪɱӷģֻɱӷ磬֦ӷʱͿ˭ֿˡ
Ǻ캣򣬶Ҫҳӷ籨ģİ֮ǰɱ˳ӷ磬ܱסܶ˵Ҳ˵ɱӷģ϶Ǻ캣һһˡ
ɣزصģʲô¡
Χصʧˣ
û뵽һ쾳磬Ȼҽӷˣмˢѽ
һֳһɣͬһˣһ£һͷһӣһ֧ӣ
ǣ˭캣ģ˭Ǻġֵ£ɱɡ
̶仰ǸոճֵĵЦΪ⻰ʵ̫Цˡڿ̵˫ʱЦˣ
Ұ˲˵ճֵҲѾһ࣬ڻɣŮˣǲװѽж쾳Сɫӵģɵǰһη嶼ûУɱ
캣ѡǺıͷ


2446 ӷսɣ
캣ƵѣǺıͷɣֻҪһԵ߸½ˣ
ӷʶɵɺʯȷǿǳӷװģĺɺʯ³Դˡ
ɣǵɺʯȣǲһ㣬ϾǵѽӷЩˣȫֻǴѣսɣǼǲ̫ܵ飬ϰ취ɸס򣬽첻ӷҪˣֻҪǸӷйϵˣȫҪ
ȻͬķͬһϲΣܶ飬ڲͬϣҲǲõġ
Ҫ֪ѻǱͷҳӷ籨ģ޷ɱӷ磬Ļǻȥ֮Ҳ·һԣֻᾡȫƴһվǰҲ˰벽ģҶһսܱȵʱǵһŭնɱҪĺðɡ
ڣӷǴûյ飬Ȼ̸˳ӷȻǲðյģرΣգ飬ӷ
ɣȻˣͱˣ߲ˣǵ壬һȫµˡ
ѾǸˣϻǴŵħ޵һϢͷ壬ɱķͬģվһĿģѣӷھŽֺ󣬾͸оĴڣҲ֪Ǹ࣬ôˣͽ̵ķ
ɣӷ綼Ҫˡ
ĿģѾ֪ˣȻҪҳӷ籨Ǿȹһذɡ
ͷ˵ֲϲ˵ļһһ굽ͷû˵ĻҲԲȥκ˵仰ġ
ȴͬǸˣŮվǰֲĿ꣬вĵġ
˵СŮҵĿֻǳӷһ˶ѣǳӷˣҲҪ֪ӷˡһ˶ԣǸûҪΪġԸĻҵǿԴǻƵǽõҪһС
ٷϻԴļһҼˡǰˣͳͳˡ
ΪǰĶЩ
ҽ֪ʲô
ģһ̣ᵽϣʲˡ
̫ϧˣСŮϾҪˡ
ֶԱͷ˵ĿֻǳӷѣӦòɣ
ͷһͷʾŮ֣ҪĻǾ͹ˡ
˵˵̣ҪǷϻˡȰһ¡
˵꣬һеͷ˳ȫΧ˱ͷȴûչκεĽûκεķΪҪȳϤһ±ͷϢ
ҲһҪȥϤѵϢҪŶԷǿѹ
СѾͷѽȻˣǱȫ㡣
ѵһɾ޴ıըͬһը㣬ʱ֮䣬¡һը˿
ըԽָٵȻҲ̸ˡ
ڣ˿̣ǵϷһǿĽѸͷϣ֮ǿѸͷǻһ
˵Ȼǳӷͷųģȴǲ񷶦ӷΪ˱̸ܵ˺ֱӾͽĹ֮ͷ˳
ɫС棬ڳӷؿڿţһսӷĻĹ֮õǿǿԵֵɣͬʱҲ̸裬˵Ĺ֮ͬһ˫н㣬ӷҪպãƺãĹ֮ʼ飬ҪջأӷţͲҪȻĹ̸֮裬ѾϤɵϢˣ
ѱĹ֮ţݺһִڣȻ֪ġ
ǡĹ֮ⲻܣ֮⣬ȻӵлĹ֮浽ʲôˣֱ͵͵ģҹ
ѽеԻĹ֮ǵɣҲСӣΪ֪ӵлĹ֮ˣ׽Ĺ֮ǿһôĵزҶ˷粻µĻǽľԼ

һЦ
漴ֻһ⣬֮͵ĳ
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Ѹͷмλãըһ޴ĿӣͬʱĹ֮ҲѾʧˣ̸໥һۣһ仰˵ֱתˣǵĿѾﵽˣսѾˡ
ʲôˣ
ԷѾĹ֮ջأϾ˹ԷĻĹ֮ǺǿǿĻǾͲҪʱջˣֱӾܽԼͷɱ
ɣѩǣΪɱңΪٽᱨѾˣѵҪϻҽô
ӷ֪ɯɯȻὫҲѹԼͷϣôԼҲûҪȥˣֲʲôѣǵˣһû
ǳӷ硣
ûҾǳӷ磬ɱٽĳӷ硣
û뵽ȻҲӵлĹ֮ѹٵˡ˵ʵȻǻĹ֮ӵߣٵҲĲԩ
ԩԩЩ˱ﻹԩҳӷҲһüͷգһ۾ġһûȥ⣬ǾͲסܹˣȻͲǻ뿪
ôĿӷ磬лĹ֮ΣĻĹ֮Ǻǿû´ĻԼҲ޷ȫȥƻĹ֮ģղžͲὫĹ֮ջȥ»Ĺ֮һղŮˣᱻĹ֮ɱ
Ҿϲ˴򽻵ϣ㲻Ǽٴźá
ٷϻȻˣǾɣ첻ڱͷѾûϵˣΪӵлĹ֮ˣǲϵġ
ôڲΪǵٵˣҪΪλҶһв𣿡
Ǳ𣬻в֮Ǳ
ǱŲöãͻнˣ


2447 ֮ս
ӷ磬ֻǸССĴ磬˵ǲӦ۸ġû취˭㲻֪ߵغɱٵӵСĻĹ֮첻Ļǵʱģǡ
ǲмȫȥɱ磬ڵɾԣȫһԼôļһ֣ԵϹȥ
˵ӷɱ˸ٽᣬŻĹ֮ǰǱ𣬺ΪҶ˷λ˲һвͱ˵ǴˣǶ쾳磬Ѹͷ˿ԥٶȣӷɱ
ǴɷǵΣҳӷһüͷգһ۾ǾûʸĴ½޼ɵ
ӷ绰䣬ֻߵķϣ¡һ죬һڣϳзֱӹѡ
ͬʱУĽͬ籩ϯϷصĻ棬ȭͷȫѸͷ
Ѹͷû̧ͷȥЩڵ˵Ĺʵ̫ˣ֮䣬Щȫƽ
ӷȴûиһκλᣬѪʢ漴֣ѸͷȫҲϹǼ˵Ĺ˿
ӱϿӷŶ֣ϹǵĹѶ֮ϹǵĹ֮ʱȻ漣ȫͣǱһң̵˵ĹҲڲϵĸϹǼĹغϡ
ʮʮ˵ʱ֮䣬˵֮ϣ㣬ȴûӷûЩͣڵ֮ϰˡ

Χ佣һӵ֮˽Ϊһ⣬˵֮У漴ϹңƴţҲ˽ˣȫվ˳ӷߣֻûֱչˡ
ӡ𡣡
ӷ˫ִһӡΧȼ
ϹҲĻԴӵޣϳӷĵʹĵӵһ֮ࡣ
ѪԪء
һֻ޴Ѫɫ棬˳ӷͷΧֲŹڰԪء
֮
֮ţʯ˲֮˾ͬɫڵ֮вͣš
ޣװ󡣡
ɫޣҲӲ֮ڳ˳ףѵ죬ѸͷʱҪչ
ͷޡͷ
Ҳ˳һͷͷ󣬾Ÿͷȫ˳վ޵Աߣֲͬ
λɣ׼ڣԿսˡ
ӷ绰䣬һʥ֡
۰ԡ¡ɱ

佣ϡ
ӷڷ۰µͬʱ佣Ҳ˳ӷգ򽣹ڣųӷ۰ºݺݷ
Ѹͷ໥һۣ˶û˵˵ɫҪѿжѿ
ʲôЦӷһһ˾Ȼӵ˶ĵƣȲ˵ģѾǳԾˣ
ǡ
û뵽Լʶ궼δֹĲ
ǲ񷶦
еʶҲ֮ڣ˵ǵɣҲȥ
Ļ쵰ѹɱӣǱҪˡ
ƲڿʲôЦ
ͷһһֻɫıӣӭ˳ӷ۰£
˫һҵײ֮佣򽣹ȱƽ֮Уһ𶯡
Ϲңϡ
ãȼգҾ
ϹҴóһƺһں꣬Ϊһ
佣䣬Ҳ֮䣬һ
ƴţ˫ȭգ¡һȭּҵսУҲ˵սУƴţǱȫ˳㣬ʱ˵㡣
üһĸ̬СӡҾʣʣһʡе˼
ӷ󺰵˼Ļںͷءã
Уãӷɲðգ˵ĻÿϽ޸Լĸˣɣǿɲġ
ѪԪأ˲ôۣǻʲôһֵǣһϸ
ͷۣĻӰѸͷǰ
ڿϵĴһˡɣǾΥĸоѽ
ͷһ㶣ͷ۵ĻӰô˵ҲþǡǰĲ𣡡
û뵽뿪ô꣬Ȼʶ𡣡
㲻ѾΪʲô
ڱǰҶǻ쵰һ޻ء
һ˶ѣҲҽǾһΡ
ɡ֮𱬷ơ
˱ͷ佣Ϲңƴţˣϳ嵽ǰҪҲ赲ӷĸҲǼڵ֮չ˴ģս
ӷ壬𽥵Ĳ仯һ˫ɫĹڱеĵ񽣣˳۵ĸɱУ


2448 ȫɣ
ǳӷԼǾԵвɵģһӷҲǵвġڣӷ罫еһȫ˳ôۣҲΪֻӷʸƥС
ȻΪϵʵ̫Ҳ̫⣬Գӷ绹ҪΪиƥеİա
ڣӷһУ˻Ĺ֮⣬Ѿȫˣ˱ͷôҲѾǰŲǲôۣмɽоģɽʱͬգô۶ûʵĴڣ˵ֻʣһԪˣһԪȥԷɾ磬൱ģҲֻôĴڣһԪȥ赲ɣ
ǿ֮Ѿӱĳӷڱ
ɫ䣬ǴδģϾ𣬶ô֮ʱô۵ǸʱںĴ½ģѾǸɣҲͻ˸һˣ֪ưԺռôۡ
ڵǱߣһϻ˵ĺãûԹ⣬ѵûûôۣ֮ٻġ
ѵǴ˵еڵô۵𣿡
еʶȻô۵֪֮ǽ죬ʶһ£ʲôʿ
ӷһ˫ɫȵɿţľ޴ǿ磬Χĵȫ˹ڳӷΧҵȼգ佣ˣҲѾˣȫˣôֵĶ֪
ǲ𣬻ôۣͳͳȥɡ
СӣûõģɣҲڱǰɱ㣬֮Ͱ׵ˡ
һͷ֮䣬ɢĲ֮Եޱȣϣıը
ֻǵԪ񣬲ҪӲ˻˵Ȼһ˵
ӷ˲ǰһ˫ɫֹס˲Ľ
ѵһţӷսģȻˣͲܰ׳
һֻССޣѵ𻹶Ը𡣲֮
һԪ񣬾Ȼȥֻ֮ὫԪɢġ
ܲôˡһﶼҶˣҶһѾ֪˱Ļع飬ԣҪȸһûʵ壬֮ǰĲ𣬺½ĵڰΰ񷶦ĵڰζ
˿̵ĲİԵޱȣҲԭԸɡ
ӷ̾˿Լֹ˲ˣȻսǾȥսɣҲ˵õڰβ񷶦½ĵڰͳߣҶĴڣˣô׶Ը
СӣСӾͽϲɡȥԸһֵǳŲ˶õģϽ¡
ôڱͬʱҲѳӷ硣
˵вãԷϾǵɣ佣Ǵ磬һСģø޸Ѿˡ
ãȶһ֡
ӷӰһ˻ƴţǰ
ƴţȫһеĽȴӷ赲סˡ
ţ˺ںγһߣۼҪʱϽеȫɽ
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ģʿҲǸǳģǶǼʶġ
佣˵ͷԣӷҪһдۣɸˣֻҲǳӷԸÿζЩԼ֣ǳӷԶǿֻҪһ٣ٶȥԱԼǿĵˣսԼǿĵˣԼŻԽԽǿ
սبŲĶɣҲõ
佣˺󣬱ʿĳӷ翪ʼѿս
˲ֵͷʱ֮ڣǱͷǲܶԳӷκвģôӷҪʱ䣬Ѹɵһд۽ɵ
ڿʼսɣңսɣɣж͡
ӷ˵⻰ʱ˵ĳ嶯
ʲôдսɣû㱾ΪȷǴ磬ֻǸ߲ˣ۷ı䶼ϡӵеЩԼɶۺѽһмһҲһ磬Լһˡ
Ļǲ˵ģҪֻһ£Ǿǲܳӷ絽жٵƣҪĨɱ
ܺá֮ǰһɱ㣬ỵҵȻ㶼óʵԸɿʵҲͿ޼ɵĳˡӷ磬Ҽʶһ£һĲ񷶦жɡ
ܼʶġ֮֮ѪԪءͳͳұɡ


2449 ս
ӷеȫ˳ʹĵеĿռ˲һΧĵγһĻ磬ޣͷޣȫѡ
аɣǿߡƿȭ
Ѫ߼ޣӷһȭѴǰδевһ߸ǿߴвȵҲеȫӭӷһȭԹ
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˺
ͬʱȥӷʮվӣҲ˺ʮӸվȵһ̡ۡһһѪ˳
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ң˫Թ֮󣬳ӷͲκδϢĻᣬҪڱͷ֮ǰѸɵ
ޣͷޣʲôҽ
໡
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Ѵһɵ̼һ
⻹óӷе⣬ѣȻһڣɱǱͷҪǿˡ
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ѽΪһǣ֮£֮ԹĻѪľǳӷ硣
СӣӲɵĲԱȸղҪǿ٣һֵŽһ
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ʲô
Ѽ޷ѿӷһָ֮£ֻԵȥֵ
顭
ƽֵָסˣȴ޷Ƴָ໥ţһһ֮䣬ʹĳӷһָڶʱ֮䣬ǿ˺ü
ɣȻᷢô¡һĵȻҵָǿˡ
ӷû뵽˵ĽȻԼҲѵĵӷĵָһʵĴڣ˫һ棬óӷĵָǿˡ
ȻΣҾͲˡ޵
ϡ
Դӷ罫ԴһʹãǵסĽȴ޷סĽ󣬵ֱָͻ˵ӵĲƣֻৡһָѵüĴ˹ȥ
ûᡣСӣҪˣֱ
ֱ
Ҳ̫˰ɣӷɲұָ֤ܲܶһãܵĻѽзԼ֮£޷ȥֵ
ǾûĹ֮ססĹ֮ȻѾǿˣ㽫Ĺ֮ȫܱ֤ܿƵˡ
ôأס˵հɡ
ȻӷĹ֮ռͻһЦ˵СӣΪ̫ףƻ񾭵Դڵ˵Ҳ𲻵κõġΪղţǽڵҿ⣬ԴȴֻԼ
䣬ֱӾʹӵг˳ӷĻĹ֮Ϊһ壬Լǰγһ


2450 㶨һ
Ѿ׷ˣһѪˣ
ڳ׷ʱֻһأһвڶ·
ȻȥȻڲи̫Ķô³ֻһˡ
ָ𲻵κãҲͽ˶ѣôĹ֮أ
Ѿĳɱӷ練һҲˣɵЦ
Ĺ֮ڳӷǰγһǿԽģȴֽͨ
ˣĹ֮Ϊµʲô֮⣬еһУʣһһ
ʱӷ磬ǾҪͨĹ֮򣬸ӷһͷҲ˲
ͨĹ֮³Ȼֻһˡ
;ķɣһҲһˡ
ӷЦĺãЩ
ӷ磬Ҫ
ɣ㡣
˵ĳסıͷѣǿǻĹ֮
ʲô
ͷѣŷӦ
ǰһϣѵɫʱ԰ףҪֹͣ˶嵽Ĺ֮ǰˣʱҪֹͣǲܵ飬Ѿһеɱôֹͣġ
ãϵˡ
֪һԼ˻Ĺ֮ǸͲҪӷ綯ֵģĹ֮ԽԼ
֮ǰʶӷĻĹ֮ûôǿ󣬸Ҷ˷ӷĹ֮˵̫СˣҲһֽҸУܳĹ֮ģǳӷˡ
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ҵΪԵ´λᣬڣұȰ̸轫Ϊȥڶϣֱӳӵһɷĺ£ȥҡ
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˱Ĺ֮ΧţҪɻĹ֮ȫͲκλᣬգ֮䣬ѵͳͳĹ֮壬ҲڱС

ʹĲҽУںˣû뵽ӷⲢôǿĻĹ֮ȴҲܸԼص˺ԻԼ
ӷ磬ҲҪ汳
˼ǲģ壬Ҳܱ𡣻Ĺ֮ʲôϸ¡

ӷС潫Ĺ֮ȫסģսСС
˵˵ϣѾȫʧˣС棬ҲѺۣʱᱬը
ӷ˫ִһӡҽһСӡãڷӡ֮ϸ޸С档
âһѪɫĹ⣬һ⣬ͬʱѵϡ
ǻҪվӷһƴΣС棬ӷӡסˣвð޸ѵС棬ѾӡС棬޷Ŀơ
ӷ磬ʲô
֮ǰѾ˵ֻ޵ҪˣҲҪˡھҪɷģǲֱСģΪҪһŮˣһŮˣΪһ
㣬㡭
ʱ򣬻ҷźݻҪ־͹Ǻļһ첻֪ߵغˣΪǾ޵еĴڣ֪죬ˡ
ͷҡ
ΨһϣǱͷһˣˣԼ군ˡ
ͷǱߣӰѾںˣֻһԪĲҪ赲ͷһӻǲģʱһǳԿȻǲ
ӷѾ㶨һҲͷҪٸͷȥˡ
СӣɵƯսɣȻ汻ŪһϻزãȽǸɸͬʱҲɸ
䣬Ҳ˵ʲôԪѽ̷زòС
Ӱʧӷ˫ٴδӡ𣬸


2451 Ұģ
Ĺ֮ŪѣȻҲǱͷܵеĹģΪѸղһ𣬵˵ɵĲ㣬ɱͷƸѲһֻǵɵѡ
һյѣһ㷴ûУ˵ʵñͷǾţѾǵɵĲˣֻǰûнʵʵ¶ˣǸĻǶԴû֮¾ǲô
ͷӷѾĹ֮ջأҲ֪ӷ粻ȫĿ̬ʱ򣬱ͷԸӷһóӷֵĻᶼûС
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޵һʱ䵲˳ӷǰѵʣͷͷ˹ȥ
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ͷû޷Ϊ񷶦ޣȻҲὫͷΪ޶ԣûκεȼֵ֮ģ˭վҶħֱӳȥƴ
顭
ǿҵײޱͷײ˳ȥϾڲ񷶦ŵ߱䣬˱ǸԤף޵Դڲ񷶦Ҳ˵񷶦Խǿ޲ŻԽǿ
ɵȫڽ޸ײɳȥ󣬱ͷҪ³ӷء
ֵǡ
ӷȻվԭأһҲǱűͷģ˫ۣһֱϣϻ˵ΪɣС涼ӡˣȻôˣҲѾǸˣעҪΪ̵ķɡ
˶٣ӷȻһ䣬˵ˡ
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ֶζûУҲ˼ɣֱ֣ǺΪеġ
ӷ磬ҲҵġԱС棬Ҳóѵġ
ҪԱС棬ûǸˡĺһȥɡ𣬷ָһ㡭ȼհɡ

һ޾ķţ˿̣ӷ罫һգ֮ǰµͬһʱ䣬ȫը
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ֵ;ۼΪƽأһɾ޴Ļ棬ϣͬԭӵը㣬ԭӵըɵĶƻҪ߳ʮ
ѩǣѩ⣬½ܿ׳۵һĻ
½һߵɽۣ֮ɯɯݺʷʫ򱱲ķֻһŨ𣬷·鲼գŨ֮УŵĻ𻨣
С㣬ǱӦѩǡ
ûѩǡ
ãǳӷ磬ǵˣ
ɣͬʱ֣ӷǲ񷶦ΪҲߣģȻˡ
ǲ˵Ѿɹˣ
ԵĳɹӷЩû˱ɡǽʱ򡣡
С㣬ǵֹֻӷ緢չѣȻڳӷҾҸûҪȥˣȥԼɡ
㶮ʲôӷɻҸϹҵĺ˸ˣеģɶǼƷܵõĻǶ˵кܴİ
ھ͵ӷĳˣϾɱ
ݺʷʫȥ³ǵΪӷѾʱҪӷչһԸ
ȻɯɯʱȻһĿˡ
Ҫ֪ӷǲ񷶦ֻҪһǲ񷶦͵ˣʱ˭ܵõ񷶦ǾһεĲ񷶦
֮һѽ˴ջѵɯɯõݺʷʫҲõԸղŲŲɯɯʱȥģֻҪɯɯȥԼͿȥֻܿϧݺʷʫ뵽飬ɯɯȻҲ뵽
ԽһУɾһİ
ݺʷʫɯɯȻҶ˷ˣһԸϷ֮µģҶĶӡ
ܵõ񷶦ΪһĲ񷶦ɯɯݺʷʫţԼԳԽҶ˷磬Ҷλ
ǰѩǣͿ˭ֶθ˭ܵõ񷶦ˡ
ݺʷʫޱȣԵĻھͻɱ˻ɯɯΪҲֻܻɯɯܸ񷶦ڱѩǵɣɱ˳ӷ֮󣬻̷ظԵĺȥ飡


2452 
ѩѾָԭӣһը֮󣬲û̫Ӱ죬ΪҼڱը󣬵һʱ俪ʼȶѩǵΰûеѩף
磬̫ţˣһѽԺеĻǶõˡ
ƴţеͬʱҲʼѺ˷ɶӷɵĽˣʣʲô˿֮ģѲɣЩȫܹ˵ʵǻûнӷ統һ£һˣЩǲģɵǸʱ򣬳ӷѾͳһ½
Ҫ̫ˡɵʵȷǿޱȡβΪлĹ֮Ҳǡ˵ˣֻǳģм߼ɣһûա
ȷӷοĹ֮óˣеȻԲɱɵģ˵ֶβɱǣ
ʵɣֻǸͷˣĺϷ
ӷ·Ѿϵʲôϵ鷢˶ֱ仯
ڵ֪ӷɱɺ˹˵ͬʱɱ㣬ڻɯɯģһ㡣
ûˣǻɯɯô
һᣬٽġΪҪǣ񷶦
ӷ˵ͷ˵ǲ񷶦ˣǲ񷶦ҲͱˣΪҪġɯɯһʱϵҪȡҵĲ񷶦ΪһĲ񷶦ɯɯһǸݺʷʫȻҲװûɯɯ˱ˣû´ĻڻɯɯݺʷʫѾǸ̥ˡ
˼ǡ
ȻΪңҾͽƾͼƣɡƣȥڳճǼƣŻɯɯݺʷʫҪѩ໥ɱҪûҼݺߴ
Ϲ˵Ƶڲìܣ
ûǸҶ˷粻κȥһɹˣǶ˵ͽһ޴ΣգҿǵвģҶ˷籾ǻĹ֮ǵʵ֪ԣҪҶ˷ĻᶼûУһƵ߷սҶ˷һϻģûʱȥˡ
˵ҪˣҪǰҶ˷硣Ҷ˷ɲɺʯںһĴڣɺʯҶ˷ҪǿĶࡣ
һԣͲҶ˷ڱңҲûлġ
ȻѾˣȥɡɯɯǸŮļƣʱһġ
ϴԼɯɯ˿ȸ֮ززһΣΪ񷶦ĹϵɯɯҪһˣһƣĺ忪սƵǱҶ˷ض᲻ܣϻֹǸʱ򣬾ͲҶ˷ӳӷˣǳӷлȥҶ˷磬һٶѽ
̣裬͸ʱˡ
У⻹Ҫһʱ䣬ϾǵҪҲôס
ʵڸʲô
չأھ͸ñչˣȶʱ߾磬ú󣬾ͿԽзںˡǸ׶λȽ鷳ΪҪܵɵֳһΣաǿԷģʱǾںϷͿˣʱԴȥĲ񷶦Ƕš
չأڵĳ˵ûʲôϾʵ̫ףûǶνġ
ǣȥıչأ
ҵĲнǾԲܳģһǵͻйԷںϻ𵽲ı״ԣھҪýбչء
ʲô
ãǲ͵ҪӷĲ񷶦
ʵ񷶦Ѿȥһˣǳӷʱֻһγ޷ȥо񷶦ڵһСΣʽĽ񷶦
ʵνķֻһ˵ѣĻ̸豾޷ӵеɵʵҪΪһ壬ֱ˴ˣӵĵʵ
ȻҪɺ̣ӷɲˣ񷶦ǱضˣҲֻв񷶦̸ܱںϷʱ򲻱ɵɣӲʲô˶н񷶦ģֱҪ˽񷶦ˣڲ񷶦ڣʮ˸ԭΪŸܱʮ˸ıҲ˵ʮ˸񷶦Ĺߣ˵ӷڻ֪ʮ˸֮ᷢʲô£ɲ񷶦ڵһУԲƵģȻƳˣضô
ǰ񷶦ʱЩֻ壬ʵ壬񣬲񷶦Ѿ˵߱䣬ڰ˱ԤҲѾˣӷȨޣʮ˸ʵ񷶦Ϊߣ̸裬ǵһġ
Ȼʱ̫ңӷҲûƴţ佣ϹңƣǵΪƵʱĽ⣬Ҳ𵽺ܴġ
ܶ飬һȫˣֻһ
ӷ˲֮ţһüĴ˵Բ񷶦֮֮ṣ̌裬ʽãΪ֮
ʱһϵӲ񷶦ڴʮ˴ʽӲ񷶦֮ΪΪλ


2453 ̣չأ
̸񷶦˶㶵ķ˫۶ȥҿ
ʵ̫ΰˣ˲˼ǣôһãȻڳӷڣ񷶦Ȼǹ񹤰Ĵڣ治֪ôһڣôγɵġ
ӭλҵĲáӽ쿪ʼǾǲ񷶦һԱˣΪͬʱҲܷĲֲ֮˵ֻһСǲ֮ǵΪǷǳġ
ӷ˵õĵһ֮ϣ˿̵ĲҲѾȫָ˹ôۣûȥۿ̸裬ΪϹ˵̸ʵ̫ˡ
뵱꣬ʮÿһɶڲ֮ǰļβ񷶦ÿһζҲֻгӷ磬ѡȻǣ񷶦ļ¼ѽ
ӷɲȥܲ뷨Ϊӷţһ죬Լʮ˴ᳬԽ֮ǰǼεԼÿһܵ磬Լ׷Ҳ̶ˣԼʮ׷
ʵʮ˴ӷĿУѾʮѡ̸⣬Ϲң佣ƴţƣ̳ʮˣȫǡӷ绹ûö⣡ȻپܼʱϹĻ˭ȹȻѡֻ;ᷢʲô⣬ϾĿǰλãپǱһϢûУҲûһ˹ģ
̣ǽһ¡
ӷӱվߵ̸ǰ˵ͷޣ֪ˣҪҽܣ̣ʶһ°ɡ
໡
ֻһͷľͷ˹ڳӷߣ̸˵ͷ
ǲ񷶦ޡ
Ҳ˹һצֱӽͷ޸ķ˳ȥԾͷ˼˼˵ûСλãԶһ㣬ﶪۡ
Ǹ񷶦Ϊһģ񷶦ԽҲԽ󡣲Һٻ񷶦Ҳսġ
˵ʶϹҵʱȥһϹҵļ磬ֻޣǸʱõİɣ
ûʱ뿪˲񷶦²񷶦Դ֮󣬲񷶦Ҳ
ǸͷģҼǵںʱҲֹʱǴҶΪǻþû뵽ȻҲǲ񷶦һ֡
̣ʹˡΪ𣬿˵ǲ񷶦һ֣Ҳ˵һġΪһβ񷶦ĶҲǰ½ͳߣȴҶӡڲ񷶦֮ڣŵ档֮нĳɾͣ
ԭ
̸ףΪʲôӷһһǿ󣬶ĶҲȱ˶ܶ࣬ԭ񷶦ڣˣһϹ

迴ôۣоôϵϢóë
֮ѵǡ
ûôۣҲʿĵߡ
һһôۣһβ񷶦һʿĵߣ񷶦ڣ治һı̬ѽ
¯Ƕ֪ɣеĵҩͨ¯ƳġãֲͬĻһǲһǲá
񷶦Ǵ۽ˡӷ磬չ᲻ᱻѽ
Ǵɷģʮ˸ѾˣÿһһˣҲǲ񷶦ķֹߡѾˣڲ񷶦һ֣Ĳ֮Ϊãôܻǡ˵ˣвôָǣֻˣţöãǾֱӳˣ
ǾץʱɣھͿʼչء
ҪżкܶԴὫеԴܲܵõԴͿԼˣΪԴɲ񷶦ƵģҪõҪԼʵ
񷶦ھȻԴЩԴǴõİɣ
ûˣҾ˵⣬Ǳչصʱ䡣ϣǿɲҪСǣ̳չأڲ񷶦ڱչأȻǱչر磬ж񷶦ĲִУǱϾȲ˲񷶦ʱȳأȳأǾҪԼŬˡ
ӷЦһ̳Ļǣ̶ˣֻҪһأǱضǵɾ硣
ģȻôõĻᣬһʧġȻҪûǣҲô̵ʱڳɾ͵ɵġ
ģҪһʱ䡣ңһҪȽŮԣ򣬸޷ںϡ
ôۣͰˡ
˻֣ʲô˵
ô˵ҪԶ֮ںϵǾͱȽǵսȥҲѸںϵġԣͬʱ۸ϲ񷣬ǵķֶΣ̵ʱ֮ڣӵдսǽһعص飬ǶסĻ۽Сӻǻѡɡ
⻰ɲˬˣ˵𿴲ˣô˵Ҳǻƽʿ
һƽʿѪֻǸˣǿߣɲее̾͹ģȻӷСҲܻнĳɾ͡ıв񷶦бۣϲ񷣬ףԼŬҲֻǸƿˣ˵ħҶӣҲ·һ
ô˵ụ̂ƣǱҪģŬЩ̸ƶҪҪ
ӷЦôۣǰɣǧҪ滹ҴҾȳȥˡ
ӷһת͸оһǿ̸֮ͬʱҽһ顭Ůȫǽϡ
ӷûа飬Į̣裬ҺģĻԶǿ


2454 ӭս
ҿڣմϻһǻţǼʲôµĹƵġ
Ȼϣ³ǵˡ
ӷû˵ҲҪκεɣʱ򣬻ɯɯһģһ򱱲⽫һɻɯɯս֮սֻ˫˲ֶѡ
ƿ˳ӷһۣȻѾǾʦˣڷʩ֮ǰҪõӷ
ӷͷʾͬ⣬Ƹ𣬳ӷҪģֻһ¶ѣǱһ񷶦Ļûɯɯݺʷʫʱƴһ
ϴϢ˵ӷѾɱˡ
ãȥ
鱱ܣ֪ͨ⼸Ҽɵ֪ͨȫˣڼûҵһҲš
ǣȥ졣
硣
ڡ
㰵оۼɵֲѩǵĴţһһ˾ȫۼȥҪٶȣһκεĶ
ǣȥ졣
ƲûнɢҪеĻһϣΪڸûҪɢˣȻɯɯ϶ӷҲô໨һѩǣͻǡ
ƴţʵأ
ȴʲôطҪȥ
˵ƣСǲԲˣ˹ǼĴңȥӭսⲻǽǵ·𡣡
ţֵܣҪ֪Ȼɯɯ϶ˣҲЩˣȻܻʱǼȫ˳ȥǵΪ˵һᱻɯɯֵģֻҪһţǶȻĵġ
佣ʵ˼ǣҪǼеϢȫ
ûڣأͷһȥȻͷʱǾֱɱ˵ʱʱǻɱĺˬġ
Ϲ˵Ǹð취ֻҪȫۼһҲҪˣһȥͻһƬƣȻ˼ܣܵ
ȻλֵܶûлɣȻҲٳϴĴˣֵܡ
ӷ˵ʱˣϾȥһ񷶦ļ󣬵Ȼɯɯݺʷʫ֮󣬾ٴο϶ҵҲͻٶȸϹġ
䣬ӷֶ˵ϣ㻹Ҫȥһ˺⡣
ȥ⣿ʱ𣿡
ȻܣǱ߻Ǹؼȥ⣬һϢ˵ɯɯݺʷʫΪ񷶦ΪһĲ񷶦ڱѩǴݺʷʫлɯɯѩ֮ڡ
ô򵥵£Ҹȥˡɱˡ
±Ҫ죬ˣǻɯɯһֻὫݺʷʫƵͷǸʱݺҲġѾԲˣټһǵˣǾ·һ
ʵҪʲôŲ⣿ݺǱ߻ɵģϾɯɯݺʷʫҶ˷ˡ
ֻҪ˵Ϊ񷶦ͿˣŲǻɯɯݺʷʫǱߵÿһˣΪ񷶦ģϢųȥû˻ỳɣҲΪʵ
Ǻãȥһ˺⣬һõġ
λֹ°ɣȻһս޷Ҳֱӽ壬һս֮ԪˣֻҪǱʵôһ£ճˡ
ӣӷѾеһȫˣӷƳҲǻɯɯԼġ
Ϊɣɱ˳ӷôɱÿһεĲ񷶦ܵ磬ڳɳĹУͱ˸Ĩɱˣ
񷶦ǿʲôɣԽսӭսЩԼҪǿĵˣͬʱҲսҡ
½֮Ҷ˷ҲҪˣȽҼݺ֮飬ʱԸӷ硣ӷ磬ͿԳǶʱ䣬½Ҳͳһ½뺣ʮԿ
Ѿ˱
̽
ǡ

Ѿѩǹˣ;ûκεͣûȥĳС
ܺáǵĿѾˡϢųȥûУ
˵Ѿųȥˡ
ˣȫ׼죬ѪȾѩǣɫĳУұѪɫ
ǣ
ϳ弸ͬʱ֮ȥ߻˵Ŵ򹷣ˬѽ


2455 ʮ
Ѿѩǵİ֮⣬ûֱӱٳ£Ϊڻɯɯս뱱ʱ򣬾յһţϵݷǳˣҲĸֶѣĸ֣ûɯɯһۣ
Смƣ
ݺʷʫϵĸ֣֮б˻ɯɯһۣ֪ɯɯʲôţ˭дģ
˲һ£ʲôˣȻҵĴ֮Уŷţһ¶ݵġ
С㣬ҿͲҪ顣ȻԷʮȥ磬ǶȻǿ֮еǿߣǲܲ鵽ݸٵġ
ʮ
ݺʷʫ仰֤ɯɯҪӷ൳ľģӷҲԼɱģҶ˷ҲֲСͷϡ
ӷЩˣҶ˷ûκνɱɱΪҪǣɯɯ̸ϵѩǣȡӷµĲ񷶦ɲñ˽ȵˡ
ؼʱܻᷢһЩ벻飬һĴţûɯɯʼ־ֵе࣬ôһ赲Լʮȥȡ񷶦ġ
û´ĻţӦľشģ
ɯɯһʱҲֻľزŻϾɯɯǼľصģǼһգӷ绹ǲ£ɱᣬ磬ʥƣڵΪҲѾˣ
ĻΪʲôҪôһŸǣ
ֻһǾľҪǰĲȻ֮ǰȡ񷶦
Ļ쵰ѹǸӷͬһطйյġ
Ҫһȥȡ񷶦Ҳ̫˰ɡݺʷʫȫǰ
ݺʷʫһ£ҲܵѽӷûɣԼֱɱѩǣ˳ӷȦˣŵķ⣬׸ġ
С㣬һһѽǻȳ˽һѩǵ˵ɡϾľܸǣǱضҲҪֱӳȵѩǵġǴʮһˣûҪһѽ
ɯɯ˵ͷ˵Ҳáȥһѩǵѩôˣӷ絽
ãϾȥ
һ¡
С㻹ʲôԸ
ݺʷʫһ⣬һ㡣
ʲô
벻ȡ񷶦
⣬ʵݺʷʫһɯɯʵ̫ͻȻˣ֮ǰûԼʣʲô˼ѵѾʼԼ
С㣬⻰ʲô˼Դ½֮󣬸ٽˣҲˣˣֻҸˣôܻʱ롣
û룿
ɯɯݺʷʫת䣬Ҳʼݺʷʫˡ
˵Ļ񷶦ѩǣҲȡΪЩܵõġνƥﻳСҪ˼ѽ

ɯɯһЦ˵ģҿûȡ񷶦ΪãΪȡġǵõ˲񷶦֮󣬾̽һϢ֪ͨһܸ˵ġ
˵ǻɯɯݺʷʫﶼʮϵĻһַܰˣ񷶦ֵʱ˭ܵô࣡
С仰ҾͷˡΪСģҽ飬ǻȥ˽һѩǵɡ˵ؾѩѾԶˣǹٵŸһ֪ѩǵġ
ɯɯֱԭϢûԼκ˶üǰ
½Զɽ֮ϣľؿŻɯɯݺʷʫ뿪֮ڣԼǶˡ
ɵƣˣϵʸûС磬ǿߣҲеˡ
ľغǲм˵ӷǼһô׾ͱɱĻ֪ٴˡ浱񷶦ˣһ񷶦ɾɱ˵𣡡
ѩǵķľ̾˿˵һճǼƣһͣŴ򹷡Сȴʮͬʱʵ廥Ҷ˷磬ҲûκˣҪӷ˵ɣ
ɯɯݺʷʫΪСȥٵѩǵϢǵٵ֮󣬸ͲҪʵģѾв˵ˡ
ǣҪܾٶȿ㣬˵ڸˣһϣǾ·һ
ѽΪ˰ռ˱֮Ǳĺһ㡣û뵽Ҳ֪ɱ̬ļһֽˡ
ѩǺܶ˶ֻг˵ЩһѻʯѩǣҪġ
ˣˣһһľЩˡ
·˵Ļûɯɯݺʷʫ
С㣬ӷˣЩˣһɱ
Ǿͳȫǰɡݺʷʫȫȫǰ


2456 ȷŮ
ʮٽѩǵʱ򣬻ɯɯʮֳķݣѩĴΪĿĵǰʣµʮɻɯɯԴ죬ʱǰȴʮѩŰΧסٽаš
ݺʷʫ׻ɯɯΪʲôҪȻӷѾˣЩˣûһСĶ֣ͲҪô鷳ֱɱȥˡ
С㣬ҿͲҪ˷ʱ䣬ɱȥʵģɱ汻˸ȵˣǿɾͿˡ
㶮ʲôΪ񷶦ͨıǿ֮һһ֣ǾǾ춯صڣѩڰĺܣ˵񷶦δ֣ʱ仹ûɡ
ܲȥɡ񷶦Ѿѩˣǻ𣿡
ܡӷһǾ͸Ϲˡ񷶦뿪ѩǣǱض֪ġȻһ񷶦оǾ˵񷶦ѩڡ
񷶦ս͵Ҳս֮Уɱ¾֮УŻ֡
ûҲΪʲô·ȰΧѩǵԭֻҪ·ͬʱΧѩǣͳսɱȻ񷶦ģǸʱֻҪȷ˲񷶦λãͽеȫȥȶ񷶦ǡ
ݺʷʫû뵽ɯɯȻ뵽һ㣬ӣԲ񷶦־ڱصˡ
ҲãֻҪɯɯԲ񷶦ԽͻԱĶȻڳӷЩˣͲΪΨһһģҲ𲻵̫ã
ͬʱѩڡ
ķȫѾΥƵİţò˵Ƕ˻ɯɯ뷨֪ɯɯңҲǸûǵˣֻҪ뷨ǾǺ£٣뷨ƾһһƽ⣬һû뷨ķӣƿɾҪͷʹˡ
ȭʦ᲻֪
˶ûУ
ҵۼڶţȥɢϢ֮ǰѾ裬һսϵҵδãǾܱȫҲڵ֮ⱱֻһ쵼ߣǱңҲܳӷôģڳӷ뷨ӷ翴еļ壬ɣΪҪġ
С㣬ǶѾ׼ˣֻҪ½һǾͿԷȫķ
⻰˵еˡҪĲǷǷ

ҵ˲˼Ҫ֪鱱ܿǽˣһսҪΪΪͻһɱˣµĹͣһҪԽļɣڳˣҲû֮ˡ
ӷ԰Ҹȥ죬Ϳ԰ѱļɸȥһս䲻ġ
С㣬ֻǷǲǲ̫ʣ¿ǱҪѩǵͬʱĴҲֻܱסҵġ
仰ܲǸζЩĴС㣬һʱ쭵ģ֪ͬԼҵ˵ĻǾһΪҵδ
λ
λҵĴС㣬ԼݸˣûаԼɴС㿴ֱӵȹ
С㣬ʲôϿܲ𡣡
ҵҪȥȴҪȥȫƿˡ
ң˵һ仰һͿˡ
һļ̳ˣȻµ¹£بŶδˣˡ
Ȼҵļ죬ʱһҲǴԼҲǴ棬ҸףҶ壬һġ
С㣬ĳܲ𡣡
ǣÿһˣÿһΪҸˣܵ𡣽˵裬ҵĸף棬һǶܵ𡣲ΪģֻҪҶԼҵһӡ
ϴЦݣ˵һսû˿Ա֤ܴˣɲôҲȫһսĺǰһңҲ𡣴ΪңҪˣҵĵϵҵⶼҲΪҵһԱ
Ļ˵Ǻֱף˿ķУĻ飬˵ʵŮ֮УмĳǶԼ¹ġ
ҸлңҲлңΪÿһˣҵֵܣҵĽãҵĳ裬ǵˡ
˫ۺᣬ˵⣬ٶ˵ʲôܶ飬ղ
ӷۿһУ˵ÿһ仰ˣ໥һۣ
ãϷ㿴𣿡
ϷܰʵиҲˡ
ӣǿ
Ϳıˡ
ס
ƶһ˵ȥΪȷӳȫӭս


2457 Ƴţս
ı֣Ϊȷ󽫣ҲעһսģҲֻĽ죬ܵõʿǵİ
ȻϾҵˣϣӷ粻ò̫ܽȨҲҾ㵽ʱƽŵʱҲܳΪһųǸųʲôģ
£ʮʱչȫĽһսӷǾԲֵģսϵһУȥţŵʱɯɯݺʷʫҲûʱȥսϵ£ڻҼļǿߣȻɻƴţǼȥ
ʵ̫ˣȥϴμ½ΧвǳǵʱҪ࣬ʮѩǵȫģƱ뻹ҪĳеȵɱǺΧͷΧѩڣܵУѩ壬ɵбСУɵս֮£ǾԵ޻ˡ
ӷҪģֻһ£ò񷶦ûɯɯݺʷʫݺʷʫȻǻɯɯĶ֣涼ѾϢ˺⣬ֻҪݺʷʫһ䵽˻ҼͷϣݺǱ߶Ȼ᲻һȥҼƴɱġ
ʱˣҲжˡƣȥǱߣָȫְɡ
ãϹȥ
ӷֱӷѩǵĶߣӷֱӽ֮ͷ˳һӰ񷶦ʱ֮У
Ļɯɯݺʷʫѩ飬оޱȰԵ˶ʮ˷ܵǰ˼ͬǾǲ񷶦
񷶦Ѿˣ֤ѾݺʷʫȫۼѩǵĶţ׼
ݺʷʫԼĻҲˣʱɲܵ飬ܸڻɯɯ֮ǰҵ񷶦Ļǲ񷶦ԼˣԼ߲Ϊϲ񷶦ǶȻֵܵסɯɯӷ粻ҲǴ߲ûв񷶦Ļûʸɯɯġ
ݺʷʫûȥ࿴ɯɯһۣʱֻҪȫۼţȻҲҪȥܻɯɯˣֱٶȳɱѩǣȡ񷶦
ɯɯվԭأŲ֮Լ𺳣ȫְԵޱȵ֮УĺɱΪ·ۼѩǵĶţɯɯеԽԽ˷ܡ
ܿ죬񷶦ˡ˲񷶦ԼҲҪȥˣļһȥҲûϵ
ɯɯYYԺķչʱͻأһ⣬ͷ
ৡһɯɯȻѹ̧ͷһȻݺʷʫġ
Ļ쵰ȻҸ񷶦ݺʷʫҸͲӦ㡣
ٴǾֻܿݺʷʫȡ񷶦ˣɯɯ׷ȥҪڰ·ͽݺʷʫҵ񷶦
˿̵ʮڽӵ󣬸ûκεָӣֱӾͿʼš
ǿľӣҪһȳţֻǵָ֮顣
ѩڣѾҵżңңڣڸڵѩǸҲȫۼ
⣬Ѿȷ沿ˣѩеȫۼҪֵʮǾԲܵġ
ҵˣˡ
Сҵȶƴ
ܺáȻɱ󣬲һдۣҽǵȷ沿Ӹ磬ʦΪȷ棬Ǿһ̰֮飬ͽˡ
˵ͷû뵽ѾͷȻд˵ȵԵзʮһҲη壬ֳ˴֮硣
ģһǰװġ
ѽΪȷ棬ֵʮǵھǰװģܴˣҲ֫ȫ
ʵʱֻҪڶۣȫûǵ˵ˣ֪ԼĻʱӷһŹģһŹڵġ
Ҳ֪ĵģԲûк֮ǣʲô
飬顣
ǿײѾһѺۡ
ˣ׼ûУ
׼ˡ
¡
һ޴ıըȫը˿ɢȥ󣬳⣬ɽ˺
ɱ˭Ҳ׼˰벽
ɱ
Ϊ׵Ľ죬ֻһĳţˣҲֻ֪ܽˣɯɯһŹκһҺ˰벽֮˵ġ
ҡƾҲ赲ʮѻʯɱҵˣͳͳɱ⡭


2458 ݺʷʫɯɯ
Ѿս죬ɱϣҪӭʹȻ漣Ľĵһ赲
ֲҪĴ򷨣˷ʤô뵽һѩǣôɵԼʮʱһҲη壬ܣֱӲʱҵǲǶˣֲҪĴ򷨣ȥƴһͬھһķѽ
Ǽ赲סһʱѾʼǽˣΪֻ̫࣬ǴӳŽĻССͨ˵ƽȥپҪ٣Ψͨſˣô󲿷ֵһɱȥܽҵ̼
֪ٵˣٵȥȵ˽ǽˣǾԼЩٶʮҲֵסѽ
ʱ֮䣬ɵͬʱȥڽ˸ɱ֮һҲˣֱһ·ɱȥڳſʱͣ΢΢ˣٽ֮ԼɱȥһһأȻܽȫɱ⣬Ҳܸһɡ
ƾŲԶһҾƵĶ¥˫۳ſǱ߿ȥ
ҵսڻңķȴһҲʹţңһսţԼĳҲǱ˰ɡ
ɷһ룬˶ˣǳӷʱ񲻰æ
뵽ƶһҵ˵ɵȫ˻سǡ
һ⻰һɵۡ
ʱ򣬷ǣʲô˼Ƶʲô
ɼȻǾʦµǾ͵ǳӷȻҲӡ
վһ̧ͷգϵķѾĸӦ
ˡ½СУ壬ɣѾȫˡ
ǱߣҪٴηͻȻ˺ʦɣȫˣǡ
ʲô
ǼȻסˣǣʲôЦԼЩﵱڻңΪ赲ǵģһǽǾһֹѽʱȫǵˣŮŮ٣ǸճӤɱ
ʦʲô˼ŵ˽ǣǲ𡣡纰
˵£Ļʹǵڵɱȥɡ
⡭
˵ôˣʱֻӾʦţӦòġ
̾˿ϣ治ҪָӲźãû˸
˵ͬʱǽͻȻ
¡һǽֱһ룬ΧǷ
춯صɱӳ˽ңżңҡڣڣڡɣȫȥ
ͬʱѩİ֮أѾʼۼˡ
½гУ壬ɵȫӵ˳ӷ紫ٶȣΪǿ˹
ѩǺѾˡ
ⲻܣȻǸϹѩǸŰΧסѩǾͲݵġϸϵ£ѩǸҰΧ
ǡ
ʮѾǽƵˣڻҪҪȥ
ϻǳµ˭Ҳȥ˭ֻ·һ
ѾϹȥˣҲ˰ɡ
ãȫɣϳȥۼһ𣬽ѩǸΧ
зӿΪƵգȴܲ
顭
һһ磬֮
һ籩꣬Ѿϯ
ѩڣɱڼȻȫǵľ񶼴ڼûгţɵɱǺ󣬺ܶ˶̲סȴҵ֮¡
صѪͻĿ籩ɢѪϣٴʮ꣬ҲܽⲻڵϵѪȫϴɾ
ݺʷʫȻɯɯһѩǣҲѾҵ˲񷶦Ӱ֮ء
ˣĲ֮Ϊǿ󣬲񷶦һ⸽
δɱطݺʷʫţɱ֮ǰԼһҵ񷶦ġ
û뵽ǡ
ݺʷʫôĵӡ

ͻأ
ɯɯٿճ֡
С㣡
ݺʷʫ㻹С㡣ĵҲδ̫˰ɣȻ񷶦
ʱݺʷʫҲҪװģˣЦɯɯҲǰװΪҲ֪ڴʲôעͲκˣõ񷶦ӵбǿԴĿơ
ݺʷʫȻȰ⻰˵˳ҲĸϻˡҸ֪ҵ뷨Ҳ뷨ʵÿһˣͬ뷨һǱҳϣȴݲͲҪǵҳϣ˶ԣνҳϣֻΪѵĳ뻹տɡ
ȻˣǽûңһҪõ񷶦ģΪֻгΪ񷶦Ŀƣԭٵ
ܺãǾͿ˭Ϊߣǿˡ


2459 ԰ɣ
֮һս˵ȻûлɯɯݺʷʫľʣϾǱ½һˣǳӷ罫һ£ˣƳӷҲò½
ѩǶѾŰΧѾǵڻ֪ԼмˣǻɯɯݺʷʫΪ˵õ񷶦ΪһĲ񷶦ݺʷʫ֪ǻɯɯĶ֣ҲҪƴһѡ
ɯɯȻΪ֮ϣֻҪܵõ񷶦ΪһĲ񷶦ǱԸӷһܣɱ㡣
Ŀǰλã񷶦ûг֣ɲݺʷʫǻɯɯܿ϶񷶦⸽
Ҫ
ɯɯǳˣھŲȫ˳ʱ֮䣬ͽݺʷʫסˡ
ϵĲ࣬ݺʷʫ޷ֵɯɯĹƣݺʷʫҲҪƴһѣֻҪɯɯȫ;񷶦Ǹʱݺʷʫֱӿ֮ţڶ㿪ɯɯһͬʱ˲תƵ񷶦ֵλãݺʷʫƺ˵ġ
ĺϷڲſʼɯɯɱݺʷʫӷɲ鷢ΪĻӷ绹ʲôͷûˡ

ǿɵ֮䣬ͽɯɯˡ
ɯɯݺʷʫȫһȻ׵ĻɯɯǾ֤Щʲô
ڳˡ
ݺʷʫȴĻǳˣⶨȻǰԵޱȵĲ֮
֮ţ
ݺʷʫǰһŴ򿪣ɯɯųһ亹û뵽ݺʷʫȻԲеķȥ񷶦֮£Բеķõġ
ԭƺˡˣ֮Ȼ˲תƵ񷶦ֵλã֮ţҲҪʱġ
ɯɯڿɲܶ˵ʲôҪݺʷʫ֮ǰ
Ӱͬ㣬ٵƶݺʷʫڿ֮źҲԽʣµֱӳ˽ȥ


ݺʷʫһЦɯɯûļȥֹѾ֮š
ͬʱһ򣬾ɯɯ֮ĵطһ֮ſݺʷʫֱӾʹ֮ڳ˳
񷶦
¡
һȭֱӾͳϴȥݺʷʫԿ϶񷶦ǵ¡
Ȼ
ϱݺʷʫ˵Ѻֻ֮⣬Ѻ
ݺʷʫ֪ڣԼõ񷶦Ϊһ񷶦ûᣬӽ󣬾Ҷ˷磬ҲԼû취ˡ
񷶦ְɣҽȫĵˣڣϳɡ
ݺʷʫΪܵó𡣽㸶ٴĴۣҲõ񷶦Ų
ɯɯԲֻҪ񷶦ûݺʷʫãлġ
ֻǡ
ɯɯݺʷʫû뵽ҪҪ֤񷶦ӵ³ʱֵģȻǲ񷶦
ʲô
ɯɯŵͷ亹񷶦û֣ȴӵ³һˣһȫɢѪˣͷ·һԵԨĶħ㣬ϴżΪɭЦݣһ˫Ѫɫ۾ĿŻɯɯݺʷʫ
ɯɯݺʷʫţôܣӵ³֮˾Ȼǡ
ӷ磡
Ļ쵰ôܻǳӷ磬Ϊʲôֻ
񷶦أ񷶦ʲôطȥˣΪʲôᷢ顣
ʱ˿̣ǻɯɯݺʷʫҪˣۿܵõ񷶦Ϊһ񷶦ˣû뵽ǡ
񷶦ûУ֮ǿһ㡣
ӷݺʷʫ˵ȫǻɯɯɵģɱˣϣ˹ɱѽŶԣʸûˣ
ӷ磬㣬µȦף
ⲻǷϻΪɣĵɣɱһ񷶦ΪôöԸʵǰɣϢȫҹɢȥģǺɣҲѾҵĲˣ֮󣬽Ϊá
㡭
ٷϻ죬㣬ҪС㣬һţҲɡ
ݺʷʫǶмˣ㻹ɵǸֶԸӷ硣
ݺʷʫڲŷӦԼмˣӷһ˻ɯɯ
ãóӷֵļʱɯɯҲʱ֣ͣȻԼɾǸˡ
Ȼݺʷʫ֪ӷ֮Իʱ֣Ҫɱ磬Ҫݺʷʫ޻ǻҼ壬ûҼΪԼ£ȥݺ嶷ɡ
ӷ磬Ҹƴˡ
ƴҶǴ߲㣬в񷶦ѪԪأлĹ֮ʣʲôõĳֵ𣿡
һҲõҵ硣
ݺʷʫһתͷС㣬ǶӷˣˣʮҲ޻صġߣȥҸף˵ǳӷɱңҸұ𣡡
ЦЦȻܰһʵʵȦףмƣǺǱߣȻҲͰźˡݺṫӵȫڻҼͷˡС㣬֮ǰҲ㵽ͷʹұҵ뿴ƵУǻҼݺȽǿ㣬԰ɡ


2460 ڰ˲㣡
ڼ֮ͬ£ݺʷʫԲǳӷĶ֣֮ǰӷ˱Ǽ׷ɱʱݺʷʫǿԶԸӷģڲһˣӷ˺üѾݺʷʫһǴ߲ˣϵЩƣ˵һݺʷʫڻ¡
ɯɯҲ˳ӷʲôȦףԼ֣ԼҼݺֻҪƵǱڲ⣬ǾܼٳӷߵѹˣǻںεҶ˷磬ܻϻҼݺ֮⡣
Ǹӷʵ̫ˣжĳ
ڳӷԣֻԱ֮ˣ֮ǰǰ㵽ͷ𣬵ǺǱ˵ɱң֮󻹻вϵǿ߹һݴȻҲĮ㣬ݺʷʫ㵽ɯɯͷˡ
ܺáӷ磬û꣬һġ
ҪˣֻҪ˻½ҾͻȥġȻӻغȥڲõĽҲʮץҵֵܣͱҪΪ˸ٱĴۡ
Ҿ͵㣬Ҳ뿪½ģҪͳһ½ͱȾһءǻҼݺ֮ĶԹҲô׵ġ
Ҿ͵ſϷɡ
ɯɯ֪ڲܾˣȻӷûԸԼԼҪ˲ǡɣɱ˳ӷ磬ȻǷӷɱˣ񷶦Ĺ֮ʵ̫ǿԺԼһ˸ӷŸɣǳԿĻԼ
ӷˣʵ̣ӸֶεģɯɯҲ֪֮Լһ˵治ӷģҪæУң½ˣȫӷġ
ɯɯݺݵĵųӷ磬ڿٵķȥҲףΪʲôҶ˷ѳӷ統ǶˣӷҶ˷磬ר߼˵ļһ
治֪Ҷ˷֮ӷʽϣǽһôĽ
ݺʷʫǸˣӷҪɱܵĻᶼûУȴûнСԱóӷȡ硣
ӷ磬ҲҪɲС˺ɣը㡣
йģǵʵըңСĻᶼûˡ֡
ݺʷʫֱӾͱţӷĸϻӡֱӷա
ɡ
ڵУѾڱˣһݺʷʫɡ
ݺṫӣûУɱҵĵɡڣѾڱŮˣ֮ͽҵ˳ɾ͵ɾ硣
ӷ磬Ҫɱ㡭
ɱңȰҰɡơơ
顭
ݺʷʫ壬һɱըֱӾͱը˿С濪ʼһ磬Сзɳ
壬ҪҲûôֱӻ˰ɡ
ݺʷʫ彥ʧ磬ڵвͣתţγһС͵ϵ
ܺãô磬ӣֿһˡ
ڲñչأֻҪɹǾ͵׼ˡӷڻֻǴ߲㣬ܲܵʱǳӷΪͰɣһΣӷûһȥݺʷʫЩ磬һ֮óӷΪӴ߲ڰ˲ˡ
ƣĸưɡգȫհɡԴڵʲôϸҳ֡
в񷶦ɢԴӷԴ٣񷶦ɢ١

޴ĿնѩǵϷ
˿̣ѩڵɣѾΧסˣʮȫѩǡ
ңѾ·ˡ˵ӷĲʲôط
ЩһҲ̫ˡΪҿԸǣûһĺúõġ
˵Ǻɳ֣ӷôܻšͷЩһﻹӲھȥӷᡣ
ǻҼˣ֪ӶѾˣȴҫ
¡
ʱгֵĿնҼȫһ
ǡԴôܣʱ˭Ȼǡڰ˲㡣
Ҳ̫˼ˣʮѩǣʱ򣬾Ȼһ˳ڰ˲㣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ʲôȽЩһͳͳˣ֮ȻССԸǸǿߡ
С㣿λСܵûӰˣǸʲôݺʷʫҲѾˡ
ͻأǿģƴţ佣Ϲҡ
ǿ㣬һ㡣Сһǳӷˡ
˵û
ƴţһȭ¡֮У˾޴ƻô˾ۼһ𣬴ĳǿһȭȥǻһƬѽ
裬ǻڵʲôڣɱ䣬˭ֹͣҾɱ˭ɱɱذ
ãǺмˡղˣܾǳӷ硣û
ӷûڰ˲㣬Ǹô죿
ʲôϳˡС㶼ˣѵǴ𡣡
վһ֮˫֮лҵģһӣ󺰵һҲŹȫҿɱˣȥһɱһȥɱһ˫˭ҷһˣҪ˭


2461 Դ
Դӿնϯ֮䣬ͱ񷶦ɢˡ
ӷ˲䱩ǣӴ߲㣬˵ڰ˲ľ硣
Ḷ́ڱ˵֮ѣɶڳӷ˵͸ϷƵģ˵ˡ
ڰ˲еرҲ˵ǰе㲻һΪӷɫС棬ȻǸԴһֹƵģʹĿն֮ڵԴԴԴ϶񷶦ɢ٣ʱһãԴȻҲйһȥӷˣǳΧɢȥ
ΪԽߣҶľԽӭսħʱҲԽⲻòóӷ˷
ڰ˲Ȼǿ
ӷЦһ뽫ȫջʱϣⷢˡ
¡
һԴֱӾͳĽֵ˹ȥͬһ޴ʯ㣬գ֮䣬ʹֵΪƽأ
ɢʯӣһſŵӵ۾䣬ٽֵĺܶ෿ݣȫóӷ޷ȥƣ񷶦ɢԴԴңѾĽֵˣնгԴ˷ɢȥֱʹѩǵĸͬط˾޴ƻ
ǵĲҽ죬ҲܵһԴıըӰ죬ܶˣȫȫʬ
ô
СӣϹرտնԴ̫࣬ٶȴ̫죬ˣԴȴûкľѾ˵ԴҲҪȥķˣŻᷢġңЩҲĿԴ˿նԴԴԴϵɴδ
˵ôʲôҲԴΪʲôܣֻ֪ʲôֹ
ֹԴķǳ򵥣ֻҪնرվͿˣڵʵҪرնҲǷǳ׵ģֱһɲ֮ըȥնȻʧˡ
Ȼˣ϶֣ʱ䳤ˣѩǣܵǰδеƻ
䣬ӷ붯ʱͻȻһֹͣ˵һ¡˵ҲĿԴܲҵ򣿡
СӣɱѾˣڵ绹ϴΣԽĹ֮һġ
ûҪֻԴʮˡ
СԽԽˡϴһ½ʮȻԴʮʮһھ׸ˣµ³ǻеҲ಻ȥ
Ȼˣǻϻʲô˳ѩǣھͽԴȥԴ
ȻˣɡֻҪ֮ȫջأһ㲻ʣ֮ٽΪѹһ㣬͸¶߲ΪԴͿҵĿˡ㣬ڽԴȥ֮ҪųȥɱֻҪΪڰ˲㣬ٽ֮ͷųԴֽʧȥĿ꣡
ķԴȥͷʱӷһ֣ԴͻᳯͬһطǿԴ½ʮټϼҼˣ͵ֵסҪ֪ڰ˲ԴѽΪҲǴڰ˲㣬򣬸ͲԴ´
Ҳ˵ϻӷֱӰղĻͬʱʶƣƣ˵׷ɱȥҲȫ˻
ʲô˻ⲻڷŵ𣡡
ͱˡ浶ǹĴѾǾĴңɣҲصġһ취֮䣬ͽʮȫɱһ˵ġ
ķղǲ˴ڰ˲㣿뱬ڰ˲ɱǣǿɲУϢûȫȶھͱе㲻
İɣǲԼ֮µġ˻سǾͺˡ
ǺðɡҲ뿴ʲô취̼ɱʮġ
ưճӷеȫ˻ѩǡ
ӷ̽Դеƣ֮ǰҪŨ࣬Щ˻ѩǵˣƴţǣƣڿзɹĳӷ磬ڳӷ󣬻һǿԴ
ʲôǲʱԴѵûɹڻǴ߲ѽԴҲûɢ
̧ͷգǸ㲻ӷ罫Դʲô˼
Ѿ˳ѩǵΨһľ
ɯɯˣݺʷʫˣԼܣҪѩˡ
ھ͸ˣɣ˭Ҳù˭ˣӵ˵Ӳ˵Ǿֻˡ
磬ӷû׷
ʲôӷڸʲôмˣСһˣʱ׷ɱǵĺʱΪʲôһҲû

û׷ǳӷһ׷ˡ
ʲô
쿴ӷɱˡ
һˣӷһ֮ʮ𣿡
û裬ղ˴ڰ˲㣬ɱЩˡ磬쿴ӷʲô
ӷ
ҼǼˣȫɵ۵Ŀзĳӷ硣
ڳӷ󣬾һβƵģһֱӷ
ǡãԴ
Դ
ѵԴһԽȫɱڰ˲ԴѽǼǴһľ磬ԴԽȫɱˡ
磬ܣԴûӷˣʧȥ˿ƣȫ߳ˣ


2462 
һ·һ֧ǿӣ˴𺳡־壬ĵ
ӷꡱϷԼݵⳡ̼ĴɱѩǱߵÿһˣⳡɱļ֤ߡ
ʹԼǽת֮䣬ʮȫûֽһĴ˵񻰡
Ķ˵Ǳߣ½ܴʲôλãʲô䣬ܽһĻ
ԴΪ⣬Щʧȥ˱еĿֻ֮ᳯͬһطȥǾ޴ĿնҲѩǵϿƶ˹ʮҼļˣɵۣû뵽ΪʱŻֵԴȻӷɱԼˣ˵Ĵڰ˲㣬ǾԵֵסģҲ·ӣռ֮ţ˼һռ֮ŵĻᶼûˡ
ԶľؿʵǷǳٵһĻɵ˴Ĵָ˵ƯǼһȻԴȥɱʮɯɯˣݺʷʫˣװóӷһ𣬻ҪʧװɯɯѽɯɯҰģܳɾһˣûӣȴżҰߣǾͽһˣҪ˸ᡣҵ뿴ǻҼݺ壬ᷢʲô¡ӷһУؼɱʮ࣬ɳӷһ˾ȫؼڡߺߣҶ˷磬Ҳó˰ɣ
أȫζգܵ˴ص𶯣һ𡣾޴ıըǿĻѾ뿪ѩǣȲ˵ѩǣĺԶһЩطȫһ롣
ʬǣڣѪɲ֮ͱҲЩ˻һӣ뱲ӣʮĹΪģǵȴŽ˰ɣ
˭ͻȥ¾ЩϾ·֮ˡ
ΪˣЩΪŮˣʹ޵ģɯɯһۣҲ½ֻǸˣǽ˵һԺŮˣԼΪ߳޼ɵĺɱͷ˷۱
ʱ򣬱ԴĵطΪһƬֲĵû˿ԣֵǣɢȥɢȥ֮󣬵ʮҼļļһﱻ֮ʧĵطԴĵطȻһȫµ塣
ֻһɫھ޴ĿʢÿһôޣôĽףһżӰɫӿ
ô
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𣬳һ£Ϊʲô

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ܡ
ʲôܵġ㵹˵˵ĿΪʲôᷢ£
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ɫѾɢһ㣬һİ׹⣬ͷų
ƴţǼȫ˹һĻƴţ˵ɫʮѿ
ʱ򣬶ʨţħҲϵֳ֮ǰûгֹΪǸͲѩǣҲڱӷ±ߵ飬ᵼвǱ߲Ծöˣȥһв½ǳǡ
ôˣǳǱûʲô°ɣ
¡
ıķǳѿ˵ֵܣղﵽ׷ʲô£
ûʲôٽԴʮѡڷֵ顣
ȷֵ飡һŮˣһСѾͷһΪûУֵ֣ס
˵ʲô
һŮˣһСѾͷֵֶס
Ҫ֪ˣǸմǳǱģǲ˵ǳǱߣǿ
ˡ
ʨȻתвһɫĹ߳˹
ǡ
գ֮䣬⣬Ѿ˳ӷ缸ǰĲԶ綫˵ˣϲûʾκεΪȴӵŷǳǿ
񣡡
ӷû뵽ܹӦǳǣƵĴûԼѾͷӦòҶŶԣóԵģ֮ǿڲԲȵ֮£ϸǧ꣡
ڣ񲻵ˣѺ񻹲ܳӷĿˣһ˫۾ҲĻԾڵ֮ճʱ򣬻Ҫǿʮ
Ҳˣ
ͻأȻ˵ˣ
ոȥģ⵽Ƿʲô£Ȼ˵ˣ˵ġ˭


2463 
磬Ѿͷ˭ѽôΪȴӵǿ
ƴţ˫ϣڻ֪Ů˵ǵлѣƴţǼҴ⡣
񣬺½ھͳߡ
ʲôͳߣǲӦôôһСѾͷ
ΪǺĹԤԵͳߡĹӵԤ԰ҸĴ½ãͽ˺ĹڵھĵҲ֪Ĺ֮һԤԵİǾԲмٵġ
ͳߣʲô
ʲôʲôô˵ġĹԲĻ½ͳߣȻ񡣶ң½ͳߣҪͳΣǱư硣ˣ֮УѾ죬ֻҪĴ½Ǿ͵˺ռ䣬磬ҵͳεС֮Уһ½ҲֻһСˡ
ˣѾͷҿȷǿ󣬿ûΪǿͷԣ񱬱һûһΪԣȴǿĿֲ
֣ʵУźܶҵĲ֮֮֮ǰʰ֮֮ڸֲͬЩи㡣
˵⣬ӷͻȻ뵽֮ԻǳܹѵΪԴը֮ЩɫЩɫӵǿһΪԼģֻֿܣܽͣΪʲôڲӳӷˣ˵ˡ
һ¡
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ˡ
ǰųĺ⡣
ӷ˫һɣһӵǿǿߣҸǲµġ
ʲôˣ
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񶪳Լ֣漴ǵ⣬Ѿ˳ӷ缸˵ǰ
ʧӷ缸ȫסˣΪǿһŮˣһ񳤵һŮˡ
⡭ô񡣡
ûһһǼٵģ
ڳӷԣԼߵȻģΪǳӷۿģ
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վڳӷ񣬾Ȼ˵ԷҲ̫˰ɡ
˵ʲôʲô
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ĸףʥۡ
ӷ翪ʼͿˣô£ԼۿӵôͱԼͳˡ
ʵͱ޵ľˣҶµʥ֪֮󣬾һҲңԴǣס޵ס񡣡
˼ǲ˵½ͳߣѾǵˣ
ûŰǰʥҶĹһս֪˵ھͳߵݣԣҶһֱڵȴᣬȴھͳߵĳ֪֡˵ھͳߣǳǲҶ굮һε󣬾ǱǳǣĲ񣬿޵뵽ʱƣ½ס£ʥȻҲ뵽ˣԲŽҸʱܸ񿹺⣬Ϊͳߵġ
ӷףΪʲôڸյʱԼԭǳͳģһƷ
ɾǷƷȴǲµģΪΪȴһǽѷָ¡
ȻҶ޵ͳߣû̫ͳ߷ϣҲύһСС޵ġ
ʹˡҶ֮Խͳ߷޵ǲ˵⣬Ϊû˻뵽ҶôҪˣһСĵϡ
ҪˣʲôҪģ
룬ΪʲôÿһεĲ񷶦½ͳߣһԭġ
ʲôԭ򣿡
йزű䣬Ҳ֪Ψһܿ϶ǣھεͳߣɱҪϵǿΪĵˣҲҪһдۣǿ
½ھͳߣȻűйϵΪʲôû
˵仰˵ģǲģ
û˵ģġ
ǵھͳߣű䣬ʲôϵ
ڸ㣬ֻѹ㻹ǰѾͷ˵õھͳǿɡʵ;ãǳǵͳе⣬Բûھͳ߸ű֮ĹϵġڣףԭͳߣѾҶǱߵˣʱ鷳ĺܴΪҶס˵ھͳߣǾ͵ڿס˲ű䣬òھͳߵͲɲű䣬ֻܵڰ˱䡣


2464 Ϲӭݣ
ÿһĲ񷶦½ͳߣͬʱҲǺĹ֮ˣֶڣΨӷǸ⡣
Ĺ񷶦֮һжȻϵģҲܺͳ磬ͬʱҲܻٵ磡
ֻǳӷ粻׵ǣΪʲôĹԤԵͳߣűйϵѵű䣬Ҫͳߵʲôʲôɣǰİ˴񷶦ΪͳߣûǸҪӷȴͬӷ粢ǺĹԤԵͳߣԱҪԤԵͳ߸ǵˣҲҪ뾡һа취ǿ
ڣֻ֪ͳǲűһؼ֪ؼʲôֲ˵ʹĳӷΪѣҪѾǵ˵ͳ߳ȴֲ
񣬼ȻѾܸһ˼˵ˣֹܹɱͳ𣿡
ûΪǳǵʱ򣬸о߼һʮǿһὫͳ߸ģһ϶Ϊ˵ˣ᲻ݣնɱպĲű䣬ɾͲˣ
ֻ˵ɲ˼ȴ˵ûͳߣӷҲܵڰ˱ѣͲܵھű䡣
޷ھű䣬ǳӷԶܵ磬˵ħҶǱߣҲǹ˵ġ
ӣŮˣ治ɱȴܽҶǱ߸
ѾҶϴԹˣиҶͬʵ򣬸Ͳ˳ġ

ҶҲ̫ǸˣΪֹӷ絽ű䣬ֶζõĳϴԵġҲ֤ű䣬ܸҶȥ˺ȻûҪ
Ȼǵ˲ű䣬ҲҪűȶǸǰ֮űδȶͱҶˣ
ֵĶ֮ͳ߲ǿڻ˰ɡ
ѵбİ취𣡡
ӷ絥־𣬺ˣȫˣ˭ҲܶŮһͷ
磬治ƵǱߵˣͳߣҲѱ˵ġ
û˵ˣͳߣҾ޷ű䣬ûвűΪãпܽ뵽𣡡
بܵģıˣҲ۷壬Զ޷ͻǲϡ
ɽɽ˲ųһ˻ˣӷͲаû޷ԼһҪϣԼߵÿһˣ磬
ͳ߾͸֮ǰһһ˼붼ûУ˭ӷ޷϶ҶӦòᣬǲܣΨһĿֻܾһҶ˷ˡ
Ȼͳ߸ģͲҪκ˵û֮£κ˶ֻ֣ҪûֹҪ顣
ӷȫ˺󣬾ͳȥɣյԽ࣬ԼвҲ󣬵Ϊ˲ű䣬Ϊ˵ʱ˳ӷҲò
ͳ߼ӷѾ˺󣬴˿̣Ҳûȥʲô飬ֻ˫ſʹЩɫͷųİ׹⣬ȫͳ߸յˡ
úõһƬɫͳոɾ֮ҲһһĿήͬʵǰ㣬ֶݵֻ˼ԺУ޷õչǵǰ
ͳڽеȫתȥûȥӷΪѡ
ӷ磬ҲֻĿͳȥ治֪´γֻʲôʱҲԼͳһ½֮ҲҶ˷֮ʱҲԼ⿪սսϡ
֮Ҫòű䣬ͳߣͱҪǿ
Ѿˡ˵˵Ұְߣûб⣿
ʥߣֻΪֹɱͳ߰ˡȻѾͳߣҲ֪ͳ߸űйأҵҲˡ
ôҪߣ
ǵģʥҪ赲ͨ޷ȥܱ顣ǱߣΪɺʯĹϵɼѾ˷ģūϸϻѹסɼ壬ɼ彫Ż
ߣȻǸɼ岻ѽȻȥɡҲ֪ͨǱһҿʼʱǲܹʲôƵģ赲ҵˣǾҳӷĵˣҶһһϣ㣬˵ǸʲôūΪҵİʯ
ģū˾֪ڻû½ʱȥǾͱȰǱ߸ѹͬһʱƣڵʵǸֵܵסġ
仰ҾͷˡȥˣҲٶȣ½¡ĥʱ򣬱Ǻսʱ
Ҿȸˣϣӭݣ


2465 սҶ˷磡
һۣ½군ˣӷ綼Ҫģ߹ȥתһȦʲô³ǣʲô壬ʲôɣͳͳֻǳϷģһ㷴ضûˡ
ʧȥʮ㻹˶ԿǲԾĹ飬ֻҪеӵˣȥġ
ƴţ⼸ǳ⣬ҲǳƣΪֱɱ½ģ޾Ĵɱǻɯɯ֪Լ
أɯɯ֪ܵȥˣӰҲԼɱ˭ȥɱЩûе飬ƴţ治мڸɡ
һǸʲôԵģˣ˶Ҳ
ƴţҿڣָһ˾һٴ
ţֵܣǲңҲѽɯɯ֪ʲôطȥˣǶѾ˳ȥӰҲҲ룬ӦѾ뿪˰ɡ
ܣǸŮϵǵ³Կô׾ܵһǶʲôط׼ʱֵġٸʱ䣬֮ڣ˸ҳҲǾͱӶǲˡ
һݻƴţͲκ˵ı飬뿪ѩڣкܶطƴţûȥġ
棬ףһ̫ˡɯɯͲܻڱȴȥңȥѽ
ǲˬɲˬôأִ򲻹ҲƴţǸȥ˵ʲôǲҳ
£ܲͷѽڵвȫǳӷˣʣһϲҲ̫á
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ѾͷɵˡƴţʲôˣǳӷֵܣСӣͿȫӷ磬ôѹƵסѣǻƴţǸ佣ټһϹңÿһˣǱ̬ĴڣǵǷǳģгӷƲöãܳɵĴڡ
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ҵǺ͸˻ƴţΪ鱱֮ǰ˴ƴţɻƴţȴһ㶼ڰ֮󣬻һҲӡ
֮⣬ϹҸ佣ջǶѾ׼½ˣڽ֮ǰһСϸںЩ£ƴţûȤ
ţֺеģͲ𣡡
ʲô£ʲôֺУǺڿĺðɣողŽҵȥһɯɯģҵ֮󣬿ӲŪ
ҸˣɯɯѾڱˣ˵һǻƵҾȱȥˣ򣬾һ˵ʵͶǡ
ѽɯɯһˣܶĹӷ磬Ҫ֪ܹȫˣɯɯɶǣƾʲôӷ綷
ҵǾͱˣȥԼðɡӿҪó׼ԸɯɯأųҲġ
ţ̫˰ɡһɯɯûڹҪԸģҪԸãҶ˷硣
Ҷ˷磿ˣ
ƴţҲ֪Ҷ˷ʲôˣǵȷǳӷĶ֣û
Ȼûһε飬Ҷ˷һǰġҪ֪Ҷ˷ɲˣҶĶӣǻĹ֮ͳģĹ֮ǿǴҶ֪һãҲܵٷǳˣҲõǬʮ˳ˣǾͻֱӱȥ
˵ǲʲô
Ŀǰ½ǵʣһϲһ˵ûʲôġʽ֮ǾֱӹϲĶ˵Ҷ˷磬֡
Ҷ˷磬ڳӷ繥򶫲½ʱ֣
С׼׼ѽҶ˷ǹ򶫲½ʱ֣ǻҪó׼ˡ
ƵȷˢӣҲ֤Ҷ˷磬Ķ֡
ƴţɫеѿеˬ졣
ѽҶ˷Ķ֣ˣǻɯɯҼ壬ǶǸ̰ˣ
ǺãھȥҶ˷ʱÿһˣٶҪɾ硣
ɣ̸ףȲ˵ģ磬һ⡣
֮ǰӷõЩ磬Ѿƴţ佣ˣģӷԼ˴ڰ˲㡣
ڣɣܼȥôңǱ߲ĻӷЩˣ޷ġ


2466 ҶС㣡
ɯɯʮǱĻصƵӷ缸νɯɯ˴ѱȫװ͸˳ӷ磬ҼС㣬̳˵˵ӣӸһСԺҲƵȥˡ
ҵʮΣӷʬΣҾͲлɯɯ
ҼĴڣɯɯһŭҼ塣
Աһ¼ɯɯŭĻ֪飡
Ҽ壬Ƶ֪ɯɯȥ½ģһǷҶ˷ȥġ
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Ҫ֪ҼʮΣǿǻҼľӢѽȻȫŮˣսԲ׵ģÿһӵŵɵΪǱȽϸߵĵɡ
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û뵽ɯɯȻҪʮΣԻţǷ˶ѽ
ʵֻҪһӵģµĵǻɯɯ½˿ʱܻȱ𣬵½УʲôˣλСԿģ
С㣬ͽʮڳĽ׶Σʱǲġ
Ҷ۸ͷˣڶҼȫʲôá
ǡ
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Ҽ˿ɲҲɯɯΪ˭֪ɯɯǻҼļټǾ·һ
ڣʮλڳﱸʱڣʱ򽫻ʮθȥʲô£Ҽ壬͵Ҫʧʮ׼ˣʵ̫࣬û˳ܵ
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ʱ򣬴߽һŮˣȥɯɯмȴȻɯɯȥҪЩ
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˵Сѽɲÿ˿ͻȱģ֪ˣҪùġ
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Ů˽л棬ǻҼĶС㣬ȻɯɯҪԭ˵ǻҼĴӲҪ̳˵λӣҲֵġҲǶԼ̳һȤûУټϻɯɯҶ˷յˣҼļ棬ŻɯɯΪ̳˵ġ
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ʮΣĿǰáʵڲеĻҾһȥɡ
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񷶦񷶦
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үүˡ
ɽʯĴ򿪣û˵ҲûκεϢͬһûɽƵġ
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ҽýɽ󣬾ͼɽУһ׷ϥ
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ǣɯɯˡүүܾܲŹӷɣ
ӷȷһߡݺǱѾûãͽƵڲìܡңǱߵɼ壬ҲҪˣŻͼ
ʲôɼ뷴ۣ
ڳڰ飬ֻпūһڹܣɼзģڵʱǲڳ۲ڣɼ嶨Ȼжġ
үүڸô죿
ȴ½ȲҪȥܣүү̵ʱڣɵģ㵽˵֮ȥӷɡ
ǣүү
ʵүүҸʲô
ȥһݺ壬ǽһݺʷʫݺ岻̽ȥ
Ǻãȥ졣


2467 ݷݺ壡
ʮֺ򸡻ݺĵ̣ƵСУ滢൱ģݺᣬ£٣ļҼļˣˣҶս֮ΪƵս
սҶ˵ʮҪƺǾŰǰ۵ǳսУս޿ɴãҲҶģ˶Ǹ߼Ĵڣڣһսͽ۷Ĵˣ磬Ҳֻһ֮ңˣѾ۷ˣ
սУΪףȴǹ¼ҹһϥûŮҲûκεӣֻǰһϹң£û֪ҼĻ棬һһ
ȻǿĴڣͱضǿĶ֣սҲǸԵĶ֣ǵĶǰȴȫҶˣһǧǰ۵֮ձ࣬ԾŰǰһսУƵ˶սūսɼļİսİ˵ڳ۸Ҷ֮Ŀ֮ս⣬ҲǾ춯أ񺿵Ĵսȴ󣬲£ûӮδ
˫֮䣬Ǵһǧ֮󣬵ԼϵԼʱˣδһսɳӷĵÿһ˵ļƻ뷨ȫˣ
Ķӣȫ½ȴڱչأ˲ҽȥΨһģΪǵٵ
캣ǺѾɳˣȥɱӷ磬ɳȥģǵɣɲϣȥˣȴ޻صģ캣Ǻ򶼴۾ɱɣبδѽ
캣ǺЩǿߵڲŷӦӷ磬ǲǳ۵Ķӣͬʱһӵļһ񷶦ȫһĲ񷶦ǰֵ֮ĵھŴ񷶦
ڳӷĸɱ캣Ǻ򣬶ݵģΪ֪ӷ粻ǵǵĵغ˿ɾͶˣԼЩˡ
ȥ½һдɱӷ磬ȥģֻ֮ǰɳȥɻҪǿʧܣ캣Ǻ򣬿ɾҪɳĳǿߣˡ
ʮֺݺ壬߿ɾˣ
Ҽ壬ҼѾͷȻɱٵλǿ¸ô
⻹ǲɯɯѾͷȵغ󣬾һᴦǵġ½Ǳߵķӿӷĳ֣Ĵ½˵ҶԳӷܸȤСӻǵĲ񷶦ΪȻôƾŲ񷶦Ҳʲô˶ܶԸġ캣Ǻ棬Ȼǵĵ֮ǰһһеɱӷ磬Ҫģɱ˻ɯɯΪٵ𡣡
ûҼʮָݺҲ൱ģҵ뿴ϼһôһɯɯǾֱɱҼ塣
֮ڣһȺΧۣҪɱɯɯΪݺʷʫģҲмϼһһԲֻǾĺŲ衣

ڵ֮
λҵģҼĻ
ʲô
Ҽ壬棿
˿̣û˵ϼһüͷһеĲ豭ȴûҲû˵
ȫǼϼһһۣϼһûκεıʾҲе˼
ҼˣȻո˵ѽɯɯɱٵ͸ֱ浱ݺû𡣡
ϽлˣһģǴ˻ɯɯ
һˡ
쵰
˻䣬λҵģ벻ҪôǰţǷүү֮Ҫҽһݺṫ֮

ֱӾͷ룬ͲҪκġ
ˣȫŻ棬ѾͷǻҼĶС㣬ԼЩǰҲֻǸëѾͷˣһΪȴǿĺܡ
ݺ壬¼ټ壬ﶼ֪ҼãǵٵһģȫǸҶģƽȻϣҲ֡
һΣɯɯȻɱݺʷʫⲻòʮֺݺ˷ŭҲǲòģ


2468 ʹ
棬㵨ӿ湻ġɯɯɱٵǸûȥǱ㵹ˡ
ǰһվƣԻȻ޷κεӡҲڳݺһҵԾ
мɣΪȻ֮ߣͲһ궼Ȼ˵ĳɾ͡
Ҫ֪һмɣҲǵɵľ磬µȫǳɣ˵ɵڰ˲㣬Ǿڸ߼ˡ
ȻѾмɵľ磬˵ǷʮҲҲĴѽ
ڵôһ仰ûɽ仰ڻϣУ򣬻Ҳɻһܵʮֺ򸡻
ȻΪмΣˣģһ֣Ǿһٸ棬Ҳ޻صģɾˣ滹ˣҲһ㶼η˹Ϊģֻ뽫ݺʷʫ
λǰ԰ꡣ쵽鷳ģҲʾģӲǰ͵ݺġ
棬ΪһмɣǸ첻ѻɯɯǾ;Բ뿪Ǹ
ͬһмվ˳Ϊ治¡
ʱɾһѹˣΪԼǰݺʷʫ⸡ӦûԼ͵ġû뵽һûԼĽͷϣһζֻҪԼɯɯ
λǰֵĻԻġݺһҼ忪սĻֻҪǲ֣ǻҼҲǡ
ȻҲûҪǿˡ
һǰǸӡӵĻһһ·ɱҪ԰ݷõʽ˿𣿡
⻰һˣȫŭԡ
ôĿ
顭һ˿̣һλȻһҪȫζ
汻ȥֱӾ˵˴ſڣǿվ˽ţȴûΪĳ֣ѻء
û´ĻǰӦþǸǰɣ
һͷ̷ϼһͷϳֻ޽ǣɣ࣬ޡ
Ҳʮֺ쵱
СѾͷеʶΪҶˣ͸Ҹһˣ˵㣬Ҷ٣ҲǸһ̵ٵɯɯɱ½£ǵڱչأ֪֪ˣʱһֱɱǻҼģ棬ҲһܾԵĵֵסǵĽ
ǰ˵ûݺᵺ֣үүҲδȫĵֵסݺᵺˣǾ͵˱˵Ȧס
ȦףѾͷ⻰ʲô˼ǲ˵Щˣȫɵϣ
ǰҪᡣ˼˵ݺʷʫЩȫǸģǶԼˣãǻԼ˴Լ𣬾ƽ໥֮䲻ϣҲûеڲɱģһŹǸ֮ˡ
ȫ֪ٵǱɯɯɱģܹ˵ĻеЦ𡣡
ǰ룬ݺʷʫãΪʲôϢôʹ򣬾Ƶ֪¡˶˵ɱݺʷʫǣΪʲôҪУɱݺʷʫҲɵ´½֪ɣѵͲݺ壬ʮֺĸѵͲʱ𣡡
ϵĺ΢΢һͷ̷ȫã˵ģҲ޵ݺʷʫǱɯɯɱܳʲôԭ򣬻ɯɯҲһҪȽϢ
ˣ˵Ǻ֪ˣǱߣҲ֪£򣬶ڵſԼߵ֡
˵ˣɯɯǻҼļ̳ˣΪҼļ̳ˣȴݺɾͲҶ˷Ǳ߹ˣҶ׷Źɳ֮ˡ
֮⣬˵ɯɯǱݺģ
ǰλǰǱֻҪϸ룬Ӧ֪УһǴġѾصƵǴ˻ȥģɱݺʷʫõΪݺʷʫǾ˲õģ㣬λǰҲӦΪһβСľ롣ڣݺʷʫˣˣүүΪˣǻҼʮΣҲ㱻ø½ȥˣҼʱֹĻ½ҪǻʮθѪϴˡ
ʮΣǿǻҼΪǿһ֧װѽÿһˣѾ˵۷壬硣
ʮζȥ½ӣ黹ǲѽ
ٵǻɯɯɱģǻʲôµ֣
˵ӷ硣
ӷ磿
ûӷ粻ɱ˸ٽᣬݺʷʫҲɱġλǰҲ˵ˣ캣Ǻ⣬Ϊɱӷ磬ɶ˳ȥȴȥ޻صġӷΪߣ˵ֻǴ߲㣬ȴǵھŴĲ񷶦һǳ۵Ķӣ˵˵ɱˣ¾ֱɱҲǲܵġ
˵ĵȷЩ飬ʵﶼ֪Ҳ͵ˡ
ʶ⼸˵λǶʲô
ǣʹٵӷ޹أǻɯɯɵġ
ΪʲôǶȻҼġ
ˣڵ棬⼸λڳ۷壬ʱ򣬿˵˭ȵ۷壬ս֮סٵΪڣֱɱҼĻǶڻĳһӰģֻҪ޷۷壬ǵһ֡ԣٵ˭ɵģǶҪծڻҼͷϡ
ûȻѾͷԼǾȽ£֮ȥƵҼʦҵ뿴滹ôչأô۷塣


2469 
벻⸡ļнʹĴ㣬ֲ֪ǻɯɯΪֹ۷壬ҲòծڻҼͷȥ
ģǾȽ£û潻ɯɯˣϵĻȲ˵ҪݺߵڲǿߣȻ̸ƵɱҼ壬ֻҪһ滹û˼չأ۷壬ŶûУ
ǰѾ˵ϣǻΪݺʷʫɱģǾ˳ӷļơӷҪ캣ǺǿߣǲʮֺҲһ֣ʹüܵеģԾƣҴ
˵棬ǻҼʲôΪǲ֪ν޷粻ˣӷѾɱٽɵٰʮֺҲˮȥǵٵȻǻҼΪġȻԼˣǾͱЩǿˣûɯɯ治ͬĻݺ壬ҲֱֻɱǻҼˡ
⻰һɫȻ䡣
ô£Լղ˵ЩֻҪǸɵϣ֪ʵѽǰЩǵɣÿһǴôܻ϶ɱǻɯɯأ
⣡Բ⡣
֪Լܼˣ뿪߲ˣЩһ϶ɱݺʷʫľǻɯɯڴʲôע⡣
ɻڸûжʱ䣬ֻҪһܷӦʱ䣬ͻ뵽ʮֺˣݺ֮ᣬԼүүڳ۷ʱһǲ޷ɹ۷壬ΣյġҪ֪һԴߵ˸߼ǵȾʱǵھŲľʱǸûֵܰԴģһжҪԼͬʱֵԴһôΣյ飬Ϳ֪ˣʱַ⣬ǼǾһ
ǰһһǰֻ֮ӲҪĻǻҼҲܻǡ
Ȼ£°ɡˣ¡
ǣ

ʮɣʱͽΧЩˣҲȫмɣÿһΪ治µġ
ƣҪǲ̫ˣܣԼ޻ء
ʲô֣ȷһΪ
һΪЩһҪûȥɯɯѽ뽫Ҽ˸Ͼɱ
쵰
һȫȫǳ岻ȥҲ־ѽ
棬ƾΪҲݺ壬ǲ֪ߵغѽ
ǸˣҿˣǸҶңǲŹǵġ
棬Ҳ̫˰ɡǻҼɱٵǿǵΨһĶӡҶΣҪǵӣܻΪһɯɯǵġ
ȷҶ˷ҶĶӣҶսݸλǿɶҶ˷֮ѽټܵҶ˷һΪѽսսʱ򣬰ܵģɾҶɾƵ
ǡ
ٷϻɡ
ɱ

ɱˣûʹҡ
ͻأһӰݺ˽һǿĽ⣬䣬ڵˣȫסˣǼҲȫ˼
ⲻܣǡĹ֮

Ĺ֮ϣӵлĹ֮мˣѵǡ
Ҷ˷磿
ԲǣҶ˷粻ʱϻģҶ˷磬Ӳǳӷ磬ϣ˭ӵлĹ֮ģĹ֮Ȼǿ󣬻ӷĻĹ֮ǿ󣬵һ㣬óȻֵġ
硣
һ硱Ѿ֤ݡ
Ҽӣԣ
ԾȻҲӵлĹ֮һĻĹ֮Ǵģ
ԭǻҼĴӡԣҲô
ֵܵסҵĻĹ֮Ǿͷɡ
治СҶһʶ֮ƭң㻹˵㡣
ѹ֣ôܻӵлĹ֮ԭҶ˷һʶΪҶ˷籾ǻĹ֮ͳģʶڣȫڻĹ֮ģҶ˷κ֮ǰ˻һʶ֮ؼʱõġ
һȻ㿴ˣҲĸϻҪöˣǾͿݺûˡɣʮΡ
ʮΣҼʮΡ
˵ʮڳʱܶãô԰ȫˡ
ͻȻʮŮ˵ӰҪվˣΪ֪ҼʮΣȫǵ۷ĴڣȴڣֻӦˣ
ȫ¡
ǰÿһǿޱȵڣʱһĻ롣
һһ󣬱ѩأգ춯ء
ʮΣסãɱ
á
ܣǸݺʲôطˣ˵˵߾ߵġ


2470 ˣ
һϲûκεһΪȻǸ߼ɣҲǵɵڰ˲ɣʵ֮ǿںһеȷУɺʯֻǸɣӣҶ˷ǽֵµصĺ첻ΪҼ飬Ҳܻ֣¶ʵģ
ɻԲǳӷ磬ҲҶ˷磬һɣһġ
λĳǿһ֣ض·һڻõγһǿøסˣһˣ
ʮÿһŮˣΪȫǵ۷ľ磬ʮ֣ȻҲܵеĹһǵĿĿɲ⸡ݺսģֻݺߵ˶Ի淢ʱڻ뿪Ҳǻ뵽顣
ϾҶսһ֮⣬ĸȫڱչأչصĿʲôﶼǳ˭ܳ۷壬ǾͬȼĴˣĴڣֻһǻûģһˣͻֺܶ鷳
ǻҼ壬⼸壬Է۷壬һлᣬ᲻һеȥֹ
ݺߣʮֺߣҵֹ۷ĻᣬĻᣬǿģû¾ܵҼ壬ȥ£ǵùֻԼڣݺʷʫǲǻɯɯɵģ֮ծͶȻ˻ɯɯͷϡ
ʮΣԴ󺰵
ӣĸ߼ԴȴƵġǿֽתƵǵܡ
СʮүģʱǵͲү뷢ģɼȻˣͲ˿˻ȥүӶŬͰ׷ˡ
ӣСİȫҪġҪ˵ôˣϽתƹǿܡ
ܣ˭ҲܲˡҼϻʮΣ͵ٵһϢɡȫȥ
飬ըֱӾãʮΣȫڵأÿһˣ³Ѫ
֪ߵغļһɣҲڱǰҪǵ
Ҫɱˣһɱ䣬ھֱӸҼ岻ݣһԣһ棬ϻҼʮΣҪ˸ݺ壬һͲס̳صģõĸףҲأǸʱ򣬻ҪݺߵȥƵ𣬻Ҽɱˡ
ҲɵûҼɱԼĵͻܵӰ죬ԣɱЩ֮ҪһʱȥƵɱҼ壬ҶҶ˷綼ڣƵϣûֹԼ
ûļɱ֣ͻأݺ壬Ӧ˵ҲԣӦ˵ʮֺ򣬶ǵ֮ڣ졣
ǿ
ѵǻˡ
ܣΪһģھŲ㣬۷ʵ
۷壿
ʲôЦ
Ĵ½м۷壿࣬Ҳѣ
ѵǡ

޴Ļ˸Ͽգ
ˣȫݺ壬վݺſڣ̧ͷгֵľ޴޴Ļ򣬽ʮֺ򣬶һƬ𺣵Уʮֺϣȼһܴ
ôܵǸˣ
ȱĿģȻˣǻҪӭӵģ
ݺȫȶÿһ˴˿̶ʮη壬⼸Ǿ޴ǰЩνղŻܽðʮͳͳɱڣ͸һСƨһ
ݺᵺ£ˣݼˡ
ˣûҶµĵһսĴ½۷֮һƵˡ
˲ûдӻֳȴڣ˵Щˣݺᵺĸս˵ǰ̫ʵĲһ֮ңɵΪ磬һ𣬾Ͳ֮ôˣͷһͷһβľ롣
ݺᵺ֮ţϷҶ˷Уȫ˭Ҳɱ֡
һ϶ϵӻڴֱӾʮֺ
ţһ仰򶼷һֻһ仰ûκε˵Ķ۷壬жǿ
ȻõģһҶ˷УʹЩˣ˭ġ
Ȼ٣ҶУݺ壬ȻҲӡˣѵٵͰ𣿡
ݺʷʫСӵ飬Ҷ˷عȻԴڣԣ棬ʮΣϷˡ
˻䣬һ棬ֱӾͽݺڵĻøʮȫ˳ҷڻ֮󣬳ƵԶȥ
Щ¿ˣװıˣȻ˴ˣԼЩˣƨҷһ˵ˣɾϵĲͷ
˶ˣڸô죿
ȥҼ壬ǲ˸Ҷӣǳһˡҿǵȵ֮˵ɣ㵺˭˭


2471 ɼĶ

Ѿأ
ˣƵǱߺʲô£ǿѽ˵᲻Ҷ˷ˣ
վڿūߣһһ٣ͬʱ
Ҷ˷磬ûǵƥУǱߣӵд˵ģһ˶ѡ
˵
ϼһ
ԭҶ˷Ļ鷳Ϳɴˣòǡ
ݺҼԭ˵ݺǿԽһҼ鷳ģһ۷壬Ҳʹϼһֹļƻʧˡ
Ǹô죿ݺǱΪ˵ĹϵȥһҼ壬ǶȻὫìͷתġ
ڵľ̫ңȻһϵе飬ҪΪĸߣ޷ȥǱˡɼѾŽ죬ͻжˡ
ˣɼ巽ѾϵǸɼһŻʥȴڵֵͨͲܻɼǵġ
ģڣʱ֮ɼǱģֻǵģɼҲὫìͷָǱߣĻһ壬һ壬Ҫд鷳ˡ
ΪͬһʱôˣǸոշչ¡
⵹ᣬֻĵ˲ϵӦΪ޷ǰ
õȥһɱһĻԲ񷶦˵Ҫȥͦġ
ū̾˿˵񣬿Ҳˣ
ǵġ̬̫ãȥǳԿֻԼ
˵ûÿһˣԼ趨һУ趨ĵҶ˷磬ҶħˣȻҪһȥԣֻǽǵɵĵˣˣͻǰβ񷶦һ󣬲ǱҶħ֣֮磬Ҳı١
ǴˣҪҪ취ѣ
ûõģͨˣͨ˵ĻֻҪо˵㣬Ͳ̫·һ߲·ġϣֻܿԼˣĵˣĵˣҶ˷磬ҶӲħԼ
˵СͲʥߣʥҲûû´ĻǶʥһְŵģⲻߣûгΪһӵܡ
磬ʥҪһ˵Ļǻ̼顣Щʥļ£ǲܶ˵
˵飬˵ӷ𲽸ܳǹⰲţǿ𣬶ѾҪˣҪǣӷߵ˽졣
ɼͲùˣȥһͳߣҵҶʱṷǽֱͳߣĻű䣬һϣûˡ
ҶǸ̬Ȼ֪ͳ߶ҪԣΪʲôҪͳ߸סˣֱɱ˻ĸɴࡣ
ҶģЩʲôҲ֪ӲҪȥܡ֮ڵ񣬾ǶͳߣԵĻҵ֮ɳΪǱҪδѣҲΨһܰˡ
ɼ塣
ɺʯѾأΪȻô̵ʱڣȫָһϼ¥мɵľ硣
ӣүûʲôھȥ½
ȥ½ʲô
ҳӷ籨ѽ
ȥҳӷ磬ûǸҪˡɼİҵһӷʲôȥɼˣڽʱ֮ڣκγͻүο¶ˣҪŻ
ŻӣɼҰģǹġ
ӣǿūǸô죿
ΣֻҪǲ¶ǵ飬ūҲû취ҲֻһūŶʥģˣҲʥˡ
ˣӣոյõϢƵǱߵݺʷʫˣǻҼĻɯɯݺҪȥһҼ屨ģԸ棬лʮβݺ壬;ȴɱһˣ˸ˣݺ岻
¡½ʱݺʷʫɯɯһ𣬻ɯɯôɱݺʷʫһǳӷɵĺ£ҪһҼ壬ȴûгɹݺʷʫηˣҶԻҼôҲֻܽìͷȫָӷˡߺߣӷ磬ҪùˣƵȫˣǲݵĴ𣬾ҲΪУҲ̫á


2472 ӭս
½ľѾˣӷʱڵͻȻ½ǻȻһ£вٵ½ڳӷƿ֮С
Ȼ½Ŀǰδ£Ҳʲôˣʮڱѩ֮⣬½˵һտӣһʸûˣ˭ҪǾֻ·һ
ƣ½ͲҪˣúóﱸһ£ϲ½һĿ꣬Ҫһ֮ڣϲ½֮Ĵ½ȫ½
ķ½ȫ½ⶫ½жôǿѽ½ͱ½ǿǶ½ǳӷ½еһսһսԲ򵥣µĲĻҶ˷磬Ǹʱ
棬˭ȥ֣
һ֪ͨǳǷ棬ȥֵġ⣬裬Ҳȥһˣ˼ǳǵʱ֮غϣᰲźýġ
Ҫɹȥӷʲô˼ѵʲôرĴ
ûж˵ʲôӷֻ֮Ҫǿõˣӷ綼ŹģҲֻʱֻȳӷ˵κͶðˡ
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ҶƵĻݺǸ𣬻Ҫ˳𣡡


2473 ½
˵յ㣬ΨһӳķǳͽԶʧ֮ڣ
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ϻʲôߡ


2474 ͯ
ӷһ˳ѩǺ󣬲ûֱǰһ·ǰĻᱻ˴סģʱ·Ļᶼûˡ
·ǳӷһΨһķӱƵĽ紦ȥٴӸ󽻽紦ǰǲΪǵķ
½ߵ𣿡
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۷壬ɲϴα׷ɱһǱϾֻǴˣȴǽڳ۸Ҷ֮µ۷壬ܵУ
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ϹҺãⲻı仯ϼһɵġλӿٶȣ˾Ҫ׷ɱˡ
˵ڼӿٶȵͬʱǧסͷųκ
һͷųͻ̱˷ֵġ
صùǰһָ̻񷣬Ű衣һ̾Ҫβˣ
ţ˵ܣΪպĸšңˣͲܶԸģֻеǵΪȫȥ֮󣬳ɣŵʱˣҲ˶ˡ
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СѣҪúõ㻻㿴ô
Ҫкܶö˺öˡ

ҿǸ·ҲۣöһԵľͲˣҷһԵĸǰɣǳԱˣ·
˵꣬Сͯţϵĸָ˳ӷһ룬ȫձ
ǾͶлСˡסʲôطպһỹġ
ˣһǾӻĵģܻ֪ܲءϽ԰ɣˣϽܣɽˮ㣬ѪȾ˾Ͳˣ
Сͯųӷ磬ϴЦ⡣
ӷҲ˵ʲôתҪձָҳԣƴţϹҲˣöҰøɽʲôģЩǺ׾ץס
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ʲô
Ϲһֱӳ嵽˳ӷǰˣ


2475 в
档ȦȦ棡
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˵ֵܣڿʲôЦ
Ϲ⣬ӷ缸ȫһͷˮ˵ǰСͯˣ˵ʵ˭˭ŵģ
۷壬˼ƵͷŴ󽫣Ҷһĵһ󽫣ȻһСƨ̫ŵģ
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֮ǰǲ֪Сͯˣӷ纰СѣǲϵģѾ֪ҵݣȴ˷ⲻòŭ
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ңӦòΪɱҵİɣҪ֪ҿǲ񷶦
񷶦ΡѾ˱Ѿ۷߶ǣǲ˼ֻҪʥ۲֣·һ
СƨΪҲ֪㶼һ;ƿݵˣװۣȣ㲻úܶģ޳û뵽Ƶһ󽫣ȻУʧˡ
һʧˣӷ磬㻹̧ԼͱѽԸһͦϲġ
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˿ˣ룬Ҫôܽ񷶦񷶦ĻԼ͸ܳģֻв񷶦ڵǿĲ֮ܰԼ⻹Ҫв񷶦ɢԴǿǳԴѽֱӾͽԴȫˣʲôԵֵסԴ
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ӷ̾˿˵񷶦һǳ鷳ĶĻͻһдͷʼҪ֪ҿǻ˺ö꣬˽񷶦ģһõ񷶦֮¾֪ôȥãôȥգҲͲҪ˵ôϻ˰ɡ˵СƨѾʱ޶ˣҪò񷶦Ƶ񷶦ʱĹͷѾɻˣ


2476 ۷ū
ûгӷͬ⣬һҪԸͬ⣬˸Ͳܽ񷶦
ڣ˿˵һ취ûˣӷǸӲԵôвôŻκãܷв㣬ˣѸġ
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۷ͷųԴǿɱһҪǿĶ࣬ӷеָϾΪ̫ҪֵȫͲ̫ܡ
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ҶһΪʲôƴһأƴˣƴӮˣ磬ǰ
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ūȥЩͬϰߡôˣΪ⼸СӣȻܵ½ˣɲҪңġ
мҲãҲգȻǽˣǾŰǰһսҲڽ죬һ°ɡ
ϲģǻĲͷˡʱҶ֣ҿɸ㣬ҵһģ۷徳磬ҪģӦֳֻҪлȥĿܡ
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ȷǳ۴Ҷģֽ֮ǰҶˣūȻҲ⡣


2477 ۷Ծ
ǧǰֵܣȴǸΪ
˵Ĵ½Ψһҳ˭ɾǿūˣˣǳĹ˳۵ģֻ˳۶ѡ
ʵˣںܶ෽棬ҶͬģҶ˷磬Ҳǰλںģνҳϣҳ϶λ˵ͺ壡Ҫģҵη壬ҵǰͷϣ
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Ϊһλף˵ʵûо׵ְۿԼĶӶѹصʱ򣬶ûгȥһѣҲֻĸףӵһӷĶӰɡ
ūǰҶˣȴҶΪУҶҪɱӷ磬ԭ˵ūǲȥֵģǰ㣬βܣʲôʱҪ˳ǳӷҲܳɳ졣
ǣε飬Ƚرˣһȥ߰Сͯȴǻ˺üϹǳ۸Ҷ֮ǿ֮һ۷ľ磬һ۷弶Ѿ˾ͷҪӷĲ񷶦ȥ磬ҲܷɹٳӷǲģˣܷŹӷ硣
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۲ڣūҲһд۵ֹ
գ֮һսˡսʤңսʤ֮Ƴӷ磬ôףɹɾһ
ūȫƶʱ½ȫƵУ·ֻҪ΢΢һܳ׻½
˵壬Ҳʱת䣬һСƨɳΪһ꣬漴һ꣬һͷ췢ˣūͬһ͵ˡ
⣬˵ʵϼһе̬ǸϹˣȴԼһСͯܵΪѽȵ˼㣡

˷һЦ½գȼһ𣬵棬гʯֱײĴ½Ƶģ
һ꣬ĳӷˣ۷֮ĶԾĶԾ˵ӷ缸ˣ¾½ˣܵǣ꼰ѽ
ϣһź̼γһ޴ĺɫ磬Ȼûб鲼½ڿūȴ½еĻ棬ȫ˹
ռ䣬ʼŤأʼѣ֮ľ뿪ʼصһսʼ
ֵܣ۷Ծ½١Ҫ취ֹС
ֹ۷ǲǿЦ𣬳е۷ǳӷĲ񷶦ڰ˱䣬Ҫֹ˸ūһսǸǲܵġ
Ȼֹˣ٣ܽǶԾʱɵƻԽͣ㣬ӷ绹Ȼܰ쵽
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˸ū໥һۣһӷ磬˭Ҳû뵽ӷĵӾȻ֮󣬸ҳԼ˵ս֮ڣң
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ūᵱųӷΪڿūԣӷڵʵûʸԼһֻҪ֮£ūŻƺӷ硣
ٷϻҲҪԲѹסǵսҪԲ޸ɵƻͬʱҲ뿴۷֮ĶԾǷôǿ󡣡
ӷ簵һЦɣɣ֮Ծûᡣ
ھŲ㣬Ǵ۷壬ɣͿˣ


2478 ǲ
۷͵Ȼ߱ģƻܽǾͳΪԼ
֮У˭ǿԽ۷ģһڶԷʱ򣬿¾ǳ۸ҶҲ첻ɣֻܽģܽһһڣ
ӷ粻ɵɵǳǳƻʣ۷Ծӷܹȥ𣬾Բᡣܻ֮ôĺôĻӷΪβƴһѡ
ڵѽҶ˷磬ҪȥѰңӷŵƵΣǰҪõУҪõ磬ôһƨð
ڲһˣ˸ūֻҪһ֣ԻһУͬʱҲͳӷ磬ӷ
ˣҪҵĲ񷶦ҾΪūԼ
ϹٷϻˡҪֵĻ͸ϽƵģ裬۷أƲǡ
ټĺĴ½мˣƲ˸ūģмˣ˵Ȼģԭֻڣˡ
ǽɽ˲ų丸ӡţӵİ裬磬۷ǰãȻǱȫ㡣
ȫһ֮ڶǺ¡һ𶯣ӷ类ǿֱײ˵ıԵؿһľʹһֱӾ
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΢䣬ӷѪȴǿǿĳԼȥ
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ȻȻӷʱ򻽳۷ڵ֮УȻ뷨ģô۶˽ӷ磬֪Ȼǳӷ飬Ͳܸı䣡
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ѵĺûᣬƴһҲܷŹ۷ܰԼ۷ģ˵ãҪֱӳأ
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ڣӷ绹оĵľŴ֮Ӳ˳ӷǰͬʱӷҲѾסߵĽϣ޷۷ײĲֵȴҲһСֵ˺


2479 ɣ
˸ūһڣ֮ǿƻ֮ǿûвƻ赲ĻڵĴ½ݻٵ
۷˱̬ãҪ֪֮ϣɻʮأȲ˵۸Ҷ۷壬һ㣬ֽ̬һôĵزأ
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ūһ٣ٶײĳӷ޷ȥֲ֮Ľڣ͸ûκεʽԣֻһζײԷԾԵڶԾ
ܣ˸ūȾ֮νʽѾˮ£лˣһ㶼Ҫϡ
һ棬һȫǵʵֳ
Ȼոտʼʱ򣬲˻ǿūʩչԼɱﵣǿһҪʱʩչҲ˵۷һʩչ۷ȥײǹ磬һһ֮ڣ̼䱻
⣬۷ʵ
ĿǵǰͬϰƵġ
ӷڽпֲֿ࣬˵ڣ
ҲҪ˷ʱˣһײڿʼ
ʼʹŽܶʱ򣬽ֿһȫµĿʼ
ūɲȥҪչ˺óӷ磬޷ֱӰӷ罫ԼĲֵǾ;콫һսɡ
֪ôģϾСʥ۵ĹӣҲûʲôˡðɣһ
˵ȫΪǿڹ֮䣬һ𣬳ӷˣסѹԼƵģͿҪըˣ
ӷ磬·ܳʱ㻹ұеסһĲ
ūһ󺰣ʱĳӷ磬Ѿȫѹסʲô֮ʲôĹ֮ʲôѪԪأͳͳʹˣͬһոճӤ㣬Σ
٣ٷϻҪ磬ѣǵȫɡңҳӷӲء
ӷʹĳһУԼڵȷȻ۷Ĳġ
ܺãΪʥĹӡɣˣһ档

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۷ѾСڶٸӷ޷֪Կ϶ǣֻܽһ֣ҲǼĺôѽ
ڣ·仯ΪһƬ磬һƬس֮ǰĻ磬ڵжħûһҳֵģһ֣ǾֻǱΪԶӵʧ
㻹ڵʲô
ūһ󺰣ɳӷȴ׿ū˼ԼڵʲôѵѾ֪ԼĿ
ûᡣȥֵסֵܣжܶ졣
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ǲʱγӷȥģȻҪӷĲ񷶦Ҳóӷˡ
ռ䡭ơ
һֱⷢӾ˳ӷϣ⣬ڳӷȻγһխĿռ䣬ӷռ֮ڣȻ˸ū˿۷ռ޷Զĳӷκ˺
ãһӷ磬ѾĹռסˣʱҲû취㣬ֻรˡ

ӷһЦЦ֮ǰŰ裬޼ɵ
·ûˣȻЦĳСӣѽ
ӷ˵ܲЦʱҳ˴Ц֮⣬ûлˡ
л⣿
һ㶣׳ӷ⻰ʲô˼ûˣȻлԼһǲԲƬԶˣ
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۷壬
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ǿÿһһһҽǵԼǽ죬ܹѽ
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ʱˣڵΪǿģѾˣĸСȫ˳۷ΪǿΪǼɣңҪʼˡ
ӷ˵Ĺռ˫˫ִһķӡӡҺ


2480 ɣ
ʲôЦ۷ⲻô۷ȥɲŹأ
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ɷһ룬񷶦Ļ֮ڣʲôǿġ
񷶦֮һһΨһһʽ˵еһ࣬ҲΪ࣬ò񷶦Ϊ֮ס
ǰ˴񷶦˵ڰ˴Ĳ֮⣬ÿһɶӭսħģȻ󶼰ˣħҲûл
뵽񷶦ı̬̬˸ū磬ɾͲɵ˸ūһľţ۷Ҳòţ
񷶦û뵽ڷǱӷ˰ɣ
ū˶Թ֮£ЦڵĶԹͬС˵еЩָڱƴ㣬˫ʱǱܾ˵Ľ
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ΪӷɵϣվճģѵһмŰɣһΣ㲻޷ҵڳӷãԼ˵ڣѾսˣڰ
ܿϧҵҲյĻġ޷ҲܱСӡӷ磬㲻Ҿ
ȫðǿĻ棬һūĴš
ӣͬѽȻȼС档ãҾӡɣ
ֻǰĸСеһѾ仯ΪһŻ棬һڳԱСӿ
ڵ˿ɲڱСˣȼС棬ҪС׵ȼգҪֱӳƳӷĲϾǲܳƲģǵӵܴӲгȥ˲ûܵġͬģӷܽ񷶦еھűĻΪҲ۷Ļǳ۷壬Ʋ˵Ȼűȶ֮ǾͳΪ۷Ŀˣ뵱꣬ΪδȶűԲŻᱻҶܵģ
ǲ񷶦ģʽǿһһ죬һһ죬˱޵У֮¾޵Уű⣬ӭսħ
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е˼Сƨǻ棬ǿһ㣬ǵĸЩɡ
֮УݺᣬȫڳӷΧʼۼ
˵ɫ䣬Ҳû뵽ԼĻ棬ȻǿеĻ棬ʹĵٶȾȻӿ֮ࡣ

ӷ罫֮ѪԪأһеȫ˳ڣӷҪ˵Ĺռ䣬Ѿ˵ΪԼãҲҪðյģϾǿޱȣҪڵֵס۷ռͬʱȥѾ˵һںڣӷԿ϶˵ԼΪһ
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նѾڵ֮ϣĻƴţȫɵۣŵĿǰһС
ô̬ɣ۷ھȻʱô쵽ģ
۷ҽԼԴԼΪ۷һǱһһ¿ҪԿˣǳ˿ˡ
ºˣҲҪ﴿ھŲˡ
ԳԸ˵Բһеǿޱء
ѵ۷壿
Ŀֱ꣬ӳɣ
ƻ䣬֮Уӷ󺰵ڣ۷塭
˶챻ˣĻ쵰Ȼ
ȥɡ
仰ղѾ˵ˡʮֲ˼ǿҲãǾ̫ԲԼˡңҵĲ񷶦ڣҾͽȳɡ


2481 һ
ӷΪֱӾͳ嵽˴۷壬۷ȻͬѽҪϰ꣬ǧܰ쵽飬ӷ֮Ͱ쵽ˡ
ڣӷѾ׼ˣֻҪɹǳӷھһ󵵴Σ֮Ĳ࣬ǿʮִģԳӷ˵Բ񷶦˵ͿսɣǵԼɺ󣬾Ϳսм߼ĵˣ
治֪ɺʯɯɯЩˣ֪˳ӷڶ̶һ֮ڵ˵֮ǻô顣
һе̫˰ɣƴţȫ棬ڵķӡҪһؼʱ̽õڣΪؼʱ̡
˵ƵĴУֻҪڵķӡһ⣬ǹƾͿֱӵ﴿۷壬ҲԳ˰ɡ
֮죬ӷҪһѴģһɣԲɣӲҪˣȫɡ
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㻹ʲôѾ﴿۷ˣ¿ɲ̫ļģһһӡܽȡ
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СӣȻӭսħǲġ˴󺰵
ҵĻᣬԼգκˣҵĻҵˡūھҪڵдһţҵסСƨԲˡ
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ˣӷǷˣ˷ĳۣûɹѽ
ףΪʲôʥ˿ˡȷȷڲͬãƴҲġ
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һ޴ĿնʵС
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߲㣬ڰ˲㣬ھŲ㡭
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ܺá̫ˡһţ
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ô͵﴿۷壬תԺ˵
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һūĿţһΣһʮ־ʡ
ʨţħԶһ㡣ڸˡ
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аѪ˭УϻȻţħˡ
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һѪӵƣƵؿͻһըǷǰ㣬ܿ죬ϣɢǿ
ΪҵĺˣƵĴСôͲҽ˰ɡ
ף֪ôˡ϶졭һ㣬ڶ㡭۷塣
ܺãһţң佣ơȫ죬ڣֵܣһɣ


2482 ߴԪؾۼ
ӷ޷һԾͽеȫڻƴţǼǵҲѾرҪôһɣЩˡ
ڣֻҪū˲ͣĶԿԴԴϵģ۷˵ֻҪͷֻҪһƣͲֹͣ
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Ϲңƴţ佣ơΧ˳ӷߣÿһ˶ѾǴ۷ˣ۷ǵֵסûв񷶦ĸһͱ۷ˡ
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ҪɣõĻᣬˣǾҪһȥңȥơǸģҿûС
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˵ķŭѾһ㣬һֽϹҸģϹҳġڣϹȴӷվһΪС
ϼһ˵һҪΪͽģҿɴûнйһʦϹ磬Ҫҵֵ빲ģԣ˵ʲôôжɱңֻҪɱңҾͻɱ㡣
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ǲϺͿˡˣǲ񷶦һ֮ˣԾۼߴԪصġܾۼߴԪأܵõߴԪصĿ塣ڵĳӷ磬ߴԪؾۼһߴԪصĿ壬Ҳڵɵʱ򡣡
ڣɣҲ̫鷳˵ɣˣôһ衣
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ūӷ磬㻹ڵʲôϳɣѾ춥סˣ
лˡҼȻӦ飬Ҳһ쵽ūǸҶסǧˣ


2483 ˱Ԥף
ߵԪؾۼҲ˵ӷѾӵеԪһС棬רŸߴԪصǿռ䣬С棬һҲѾ۷·ֻС棬ǵɵС档
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2484 ͵Ϯ۳֣
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2485 ˭ֿ죡
۷͵ϮبѽҶҪֹūҲûҪӺ͵ϮɣҲѽô˵ūҲǸ۷Ҷʮ֮һҲǵеģ磬Ҳˣ
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Ǿͱȱ˭ָ죬ɱūɱ


2486 ʨŭ
˼ҳôҪгӷĲ񷶦֮⣬ҪðΣգûһ㵨ʶǾԲҳġҪ֪һɣǱĴ񼶱ӵȴãǲְԼһѣ˭ֽԷ¸ɱˣ
˵۷Ĵ½ζں֮⣬Ŀն֮£һ˿Ƕ̼ǵģҲֻг۸ҶҪŸҷų˵Ŀԡ
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ӳ۵зӷֻ¡һըҶķֱӱը˷顣
֮УȴֳҶòŭغۣһǧǰˣ죬ҲռκεıˡŰɣħ֮ǰ֮䣬ضһս

һЦ´μǵĴӣͬǸһᡣ
ת֮䣬ûȥӷ磬ǿ˿ūˣ˵࣬һѰɡūʥ޼ɾ


2487 սɣӣ
˲˱Ԥʮ֮һټϳ۵ʥ޼ū˳׶ˣҲ˵ģΣգɳɹĻҲࡣ
Ĵ½Ŀն𽥵ʧĶҲƽ
֮Уһ޴Ļ⣬޴ĺڹ˸ţڿٵӿֹâֱ½ӣĴ½ֹâ֡

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ӷ磬ߵһѾûνļˣҲ˵һУһʼʱ򣬾ͽˮһս޷ȡʤ壬ңԼңͻǵһģħֶΣûҲӦ֪
֪ǰЩһ³ʲôǵôģ֮Ҳһһ·Ҷħ򣬶
սɣӣţ壬Ϊٵģ


2488 ĥϣ
ѾصڵλãǸλûеڶȥûеڶȥֵų赲ͨǳΨһģҲΨһһܰ쵽µģˣͱųѹķˣ
ū˳ɹ֮Уֶ磬ڳӷ˵ûʲôֵÿĵģǵģ˻Լ޴в
ڣպҲпūֵסԼһͳҲĸԼӣԼ鷳ʱūԹ۰ɣ
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Ѿʱȥˣ˸ūȫȶڵǣֱӶ֣Ҳѡȥ
ڣҲǸɵ۶ˣҶķ˸ϡãԼʱԳӷɱֵĻոճɾ͵Ҫϱˣ
ȿū˵ӷ˵϶Ҫ֪ܰɾͬԻûΪ֮ϣҵţڲ֮ĽҲҵ۷ҲãҲգȻΪҵĵˣǾҪľ򡣡
ܺáӷ磬Ҿ͸ʱ䣬ҲǱΰҰɣҿɲڱָָġϣٶȿ㣬ǧҵȵĲͷˡ
ɣ½ĵططҲʺһ֡ѧǸӣΪ͵ϮԼݡ
Ȼǳ۵֣˵Ҫռ˱ˡܺãӷ磬ɽģˮ´μ棬ҪС
˲ٷϻҲϻʱҶķձŴ˿ŭʱ̣Ҳֻ֪ҶʲôطϸϹȥС
˶ȥ֮󣬿ūҲڴͣѾɾĿūµڱҪ̷ɼǱһ֪Լȴ֪ǷɹʱɼҲһʵϵж
лɱ뺣ʱҶΪ·
ū֮ǰûгƳӷΪóӷ绹ûǸʸ񣬿ڳΪӷɹȻ;۵ĳֲҪģһϣū֪ӷѾһʸ񣬽һϣ콫ָȥֱӳΪ
ߵˣˣȥǸȥˣصԭλȥˣӷ磬ҲûصԭԼλϣλϡ
ʨţħɡ
ˣȫۼ˳ӷΧͬʱ֮Уһֱ˳˺Ĵ½Ĵ㣬ͬһʯ㣬Ĵ½
ƴţ̧ͷȥȻȲ۷Ҳһѽ
ڻˡ
ӷЦ
磬ǸˣӦþҶ˷˰ɣ
ǿĻĹ֮Ӧþ˰ɡ
ɼȻˣΪʲôֱǣ
ƵǱߵ飬Ҫȥʱ֮ڣǲģҲҪ̫ãͻ档
ǿɾҪ׼ˡ
佣˵ȽϲʣһǸҶ˷ս
ұһ¡
ʲô£
ҲǸҶ˷һɡ
Ҷ˷һģɫΪϣһˡ
ɱ𣿳ӷҪӳѽ
ʮСģҲûз޵֮ǰͽȻҸˣǻġͳߣҲ޵ϣұȽ޵ˡȻΪҪǣ޵ң浺֮ǰʮ׷ɱĸˣѵҲѵҲ𡣡
ʵھȥ˶Ϻ򣿡
ûھȥ˶Ϻ
ãɣҲǴˣϳ˵ҪϺҲ֮顣
ơ
ڡ
֮ǰ˵Ҫ齨սڣͿȿʼ齨Ǿʹ⼸ţֱɱ򶫺һΪ˱𣬶Ϊⶼ֪ǵɲܶԸġ
û⣬£Ϳ齨ţţֵܣϹֵܣ佣ֵܣһ˴һšһٸԲԼѡҲҵɡ
Ȼ㽨齨սţųԱȻ
ã¾һΡϹңΪţһԱӱѩѡ
û⡣
佣ΪţԱӱѩѡ
š
ƴţΪȭţԱǳǾѡ
û⡣
ãڣͽټѾҪȥˣȰźֱ֮ӻӵϺ򡣡


2489 ɱһͷ
죬ѩǵѾȫˣͬʱӷҲѾǴǳǷϵѩǡ
ӷȲȥ½ߣǷ֮ϺҲ˵Ǵһֲ
Ҷ˷粻ǻȻὫĿⶢ½棬ĵӷȻͻȻתǹָ˶Ϻ
Ҫ齨İվţѾ齨Ϲңƴţ佣һһţҲֻǸһ̸غֽ齨ţǳغʮţ裬ϳЩˣҲһųְλ½ȫ󣬽ĳ˰ս塣
ⷽϢ
ӷѾ¹ڿʼ˻ƴţǼӵ֮⣬˶ͳΪʲôģǲ̫һĳƺԵĺöˡ
Ҷ˷ջݺҼ巽ضġ֪ǣϼһūȥʲôǼûгأ
˵Ҷ˷󣬵ȷǸݺ壬ҼкˣҲڻǼڶûأǲﵽĿģǲܳصġң˳飬ǶȻҲѾ֪Ǽ۷嶼岻ϵĻǸ˵ľͻԽԽԶ󣬿ҶὫǷˡ
ҶְǵĻҪ۷Ҳֻ֮飬ҶҲһģȻѾͲ۷塣
棬ΪūɹĹϵɼ岻֮ǰ͸ɼЭЩҲûһˡ²Ļɼļڣһʼչأ۷徳硣Ҳ˵Ʒļʱǲ֣ܳ˸ūҲӦбҪͷӲֵܳġ
֮ǼԵģֻһҶ˷磿
ˣһҶ˷磬ҪЩ۷Ҫ£ϾҶ˷ҶĶӡ
ѽҶ˷ҶĶӣͬʱҶԻĹ֮ͳģĳЩ˵ȷҪ˸ūҪ¡
ڣҶ˷ӷһģҲûгɳȫɳʱӷȻҲǿˣҲ˵ӷҶ˷֮ǰ԰һӵв񷶦һǴĻĹ֮˫һ֣˭˭Ӯ˵׼
ڣҲǳӷҶ˷ʱҶ˷ҳӷ飬ӷɲҶ˷һƨƨߵȥԡ
ţң佣ŵˣѾѡ˺ã
磬Ѿˣֻһ£ǼɣʹٺˣָģǴġ
ʲôطܴµġܴģҲԲܷŹʨϺΪҲҪҶ˵ʲôˡξͷԳЩһ֣Ҳ̫ԿġȻϺ棬֪ǶѾǵˣȥǲģҪģ̬
˵סҶҲʱˡ
ǺáҶ׼һ£һǾͻӵϺ򡣶ϺϢҪҶ˷֪֪ͬʱϺҪˣͳͳɱ⣬࣬ޣǸճӤϵ߲ļһһѪϴϺҪȫ˶֪ҳӷ磬гǧٱ˭ҸԣҾҪ֮ء
ڶ죬ʱ½򶼷˱仯У˲ҲС꣬·Ҫ֤ųӷһεɱ¾㡣
ţٺˣ׼ûУ
磬ȫ׼ˡһϺҲͼѣǸͲҪ
˵ƽɣȻǲҪһϺġɽ죬ԷСҲҪȫӳΪҪģһϺ򣬻ҪһսǵʿͷںͷΪպ⣬һȶĻ
ӷ绰һת˵裬ȻǼϺ򣬿½ȴѾǸճˡһֱȥӹ˭Ļɱ֮
ǣ
Ȼܶ飬Ҫδѣǲڵʱѩ壬ɣֹϲ½飬˽֮󣬽ǣʱһУֱǻΪֹ
ӷ粻ǣҲҪǳԿŶ裬ˣ򴨣ɻ޵֪ĵѶҲ֪һô̬ȣɲʲô̬ȣӷ綼Ҫֵ׼
ǿǣͬʱҲϳǿǣǳӷѾϳǵġ


2490 쵶ն飡
Ϻ򣬲Ӧ˵ҪֱϺֻһ취Ǳǿ쵶ն飬ԷκδϢĻᣬһƵǱߵõϢͻ֧ԮģⶫϺСĵɱϾƵ֮µģǲ᲻ܡңӷ絹õǱ߻ʲôɼΪūɹʱκεСһе񣬶ɿū𣬿ūҲ֪ܵǳӷҪңܹӷΪаɡ
һսȵľһٶȣҪϵ֮ǰ޵浺ˣôӷͲ˿ĵ顣
սŵȫ֮󣬳ӷ̳ٶȣϺ
Ϻ֪ԼٳӷĴɱң浺糣Լ飬ֻ޵Ƚһ㣬֮ǰӵɯɯȴͻȻֵϹҸ赲ʹľòʱ˻ȥ
񣬾ҲѾõϢݺҼ֮⣬Ϊɯɯɵģ壬ƶжͬʱҶ˷ҲѾˣŵļֻǵȴƵǱߵϢ
˵Ƶٴ򱱲ĻһΣɾаˣΪ޵֮ϣֶһ󽫣Ǳͳߣ
ͳ֮ǰȥһ˱ʱ֮ǿ֮ǿþе˼飬һΪûеģȴӵǿ̾ģͳҪɱӷ磬ӦòǼˡ
ľڣֻ֪Ƶٳǿߣ񼶱֪ӷ磬ҲΪū˵Ĺϵ˵ɾ磬һͳ嵽˵ɵ㣬ϻƴţĸɣ˵һͳߣһٸͳΣԵĻɱ
ףͳ⼸һ쳣ûУڽһܽӷɱ˵ġ
ǳǵʱ˴ɺʯһ֮ŲܵģɲˣһлᣬҪӷ
֪ҳӷ籨𣬿ѾˣݺҼ֮黹ûд꣬ĿūƵˣѾˣ鷢չ̫죬ȫͳǵʱȻҲΪ֪ʱŲԻġʱȥɱӷ磬һǵùľǡ
ףѵǾʲô𣿡
ȻҪȴ̫ˣһо͵ȴɡ

һ³֮ڣҪŭִ˵ôȴûļ˵¼ˣ
¼һǷʲôͻ¼ЩһٸӣҲ˵ġ
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½棬кü˳ǶϺϹˡ
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ӷ磿Ȼ⣬ֱӳǶϺʲô
ףӷòԼɣ
ԼǾɱҲǵġ㣬űҶˣһǽ˶̲·ͬʱɳһȥ̽һ£ĵǲǳӷ磡
˵ףȥһ˰ɡǳӷĻЩȥҲǰװġ
ҲáͳߴϣӷǸΣշӣִ˼ٺ˹ǳģĿľͺԣΪϴ׷ɱ֮ġ
ڲ޵ǻ浺ңڣͲóӷԼǾͿԲκ˻㱨ֱӽӷˣ
˿̣ӷˣѾ˶Ϻ֮⣬Уٶˣȫۼһ
ǰ棬ˣҪȵľʱ䣬Ҫ̵ʱڽˣͲɱ̫ɢҪȫۼһԽǸˡ
ӷ˫ң˵ţȭţֱӽңڳӳ֮ҪӲƴ˸
û⡣
佣ţֱӽ浺һѻ浺˸
á
ңĻŽ޵ҰѾˣȫ
û⡣
ƴţˣսţΪȥ
˵Ҫ죬һǾ鷳ˡ
ţ֪Ͼ򣬸ƵϣкܶҪǿֻǵɶѣҲǵֵסġո齨սţҲα
ʵҵģƴţǼսһϢ˵֪ͬʱܻµǵ⣬ǲᱻǾͲһˣʱϣͺܳԿ
ѾǵƢˣҲ֪أʱսģ򣬴ţղһ˵ֱңϰɱͿˡ
˽ֵܡ
ҵֵ̳ܺܶ࣬УҲСȻڣҲҵֵˡ
ΪԴƶڡֵܡԵе޷ܡȻӷȻҲǿĳġ
Щ飬ڸģһԸʱҪЩΪ֮˽ʱ򡣡
סڣΪҪģһƣһܴһ̽䣡
ӷ˵ͷԱߵĶ˵Ķ壬Եˡ
ãϽкȫ
ʨңǧҪ飬Ѿңˣ㲻һ㣬ǳԿľ㡣
ģԴӳ׷ɱһΣңѾûκθϵˣսϼˣҲκġ
Ǿ׼һ°ɣۼǴɱʱ򡣡


2491 г
ٵˣ˳޵ˡ
ʲôгˣ
໥һۣǵԾŰǰһս󣬾ʹû˸⺣ģ˵ȥκһˡ
죬Ȼ˸Ҵ޵⣬ֱӳģⲻòþӸе⡣
ǳӷ磿
ٵĻӦòǳӷ硣
ǳӷ磿ʲô˻˴ĵӣ
һž޴Ļ棬һٺңѾ쵽ˡ
棿
һž޴Ļ棿
˵ף᲻ǻ浺ˣ
ܣ浺˹һȴкġҲûʲô£浺Ҳû޵
һ£˵ղ˵һŻ棬һңǱأ
ص˾ǱЩڽ붫Ϻ󣬾ͽΪһ޵һȥ˻浺һȥң
Ϊͬĵط⵽ʲô
ȥ̽һ£Щûгӷ硣
ǣϾȥ

ȾӶ˵ʲôͻȻ䣬һЦ洫ͬʱ޵¶ȶˣûиоǿڡ
ףϽͳߡ
ֱӽһͬȥǳӷ磬Ϊһбģǲɴ⡣
޵ϿգϹһΪһž޴Ļ棬Ȼû˵ǰǿ󵽱̬ɻĴСȴǸһġ
Ϲ޵Ͽʱֻǽ¶ȸǿˣȴûнԼͷųһʼͷųɾǾһ˵ģ޷޵ˡ
һĹ򣬾ӣͳߣѾ޵ɵС
˫ԣϹһˣս޵һǴ˵ԿĶȻϹˡ
ڣϹѾǰϹˣڵ֮ǰҪ޵ǿ߷ϴν޵ĴˣѾǵˣϹҸӲὫ޵Щһﵱһ¡
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˵ĵӣΨһ״ӣΪҪǣڵˣѾǿˣǿ߾ѽĵӣһʲô£˻ܹġ
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Ҫκεķϻ˵ǣһҪ𣬳죬Ҫš
Ϊ˵ĵӣȻӷΪ裬ѵͲ𣿡
ˣƨ
Ϲֻ˵ֱۣǸ˶Ͼϵġ
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˵ĵˣһֻ֣Ȼˣһ˼ʲô
СӣԼѽȻˣҲ˼Сѽꡣ
ǣס
ҽСˡ
ˡ
ǰʶϹҵʵỹڲͬˣϹҶһָֻ֣ûϵˣȻΪѾʦͽϵˣ˵˵ȻͬһΪһϵ㲻ȫϣҲΪ󽵡
ɣϴεծһ㡣
顣
һƷϹȴҪװһֵסӣҲǲµǸӵ뷨ʱֻҪԼһ׷ģܶԶŹԼ
ȻΪ޵ٵҲ֪ߵغ񣬵ܿ죬һġ
ܣûǸˡˣ¡
ǣٵ
ˣˡ
ϹҴĻţھ޵ʱ
ܡ
⣬ֱӾ͵Ϲҵǰ
ΪٶȹҿٶȻһ
ͷɡ

ϹȻ˾һӷǱȥ


2492 ϣ
Ϻգֱϣͷ·һת꣬˲䣬ǿŶϺ֮һȻϣ߾Ҳʹ㣬֮࣬ҲγһС
ƴţ佣ϹңԼսţȫ˳ңĳӣǻ浺ĹĻˣ޵ľǸĻ֪Щһ﾿ʲôǵУһͨźˣҲҪҵѽ
СӣܡҴңҪۡ
Ӵһ·׷ɱƴţ
ţѵӻ㲻ɡ־ͷɡ
ȻҽţҪ㡣
ƴţŲܳں׷ɱͣͣܰѾϵ̫ԶҲ̫׷ɱԼŮˣȻᷢģңĵҲɵѽϳӷ˵ӿ֮ڵʮģڵ˵뷨Ȼ֪ġ
ͬһʱ䣬佣ϹҶˣҲѾ޵浺˹
СʱʼͷƴţսŵˣȴӰ
ųӸĻˣɫȻһ䣬ѾŵЩıζƵģǰʵĻˣӣôҲˣ
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Ļ˵ղһϹӣһ浺ɱҵˣҪʬΡ
໥һۣ˵ãҪ¡
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ӷټˣüⶫϺÿһȻ½κһ½Ҫ󣬿ȴû½κһ½ô࣬Щ͵ĵϣĻҲģΪںģǾҪࡣ
ųӷ磬ŭȻ㡣
ûˡĿģҪҶ˵ҲѾ֪˰ɡ
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ڱȵĺʵԶ٣Ǵˡ
һȫЩϣҲǶϺ򱨳ǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
ѽʲôط֪ߵغ˶ȥˣ뵱ʱʱҲôǱҴˡǰʱ䣬Ҹ׷ɱûǸʱ˵ʵȷǣɿǿ֮£ɱһ죬ǿģѾˡ
ӿһ۶ʨ˵ͽҸӷΪ裬ʮΪУ죬Ǳ

ʨվһЦЦ졣
ӵȫһ㶣ôܣ뵱죬ʨֻǸ쾳ѣȻмһ磬ҲΪѽһЦѾ֤ʵʵΪˡ
磡ʲôʱɴˣ
ӣңǰҸûȴǳӷֵܡʮ·׷ɱ·죬Ҳø˰ɡ
ٷϻҲôɴģǼȫǴôˣͱˡ
ƴţ˵Ϊţ𣬺˲ӻˣ˵ǼƵǸˣټĿūǶۼ֤ǳģǼֵܣš
ʲô֤۷Ȼš
ţٸǷϻȻȣ
Ϲȫʢɵ¶š
˱Ϲҵȫˣ˭ĵУȻһɡ
ãȻǵˣ֪ͨƵ
һҲ̫С˰ɡ
ƴţҲȫ˳

һɡ
ɣ
Сˡ
佣Ҳ˳
ء
Ƶͬʱ
ɣһɡ
ոȥģôһ³ĸɣҲ̫˰ɡ
ǾȻȫǵɡӣˡ
ȻƴţĸǵɣɵģӷΪǸߡ
һһ֮ڣϺˣͳͳɱ⡣
ӷһ£սֱӾͳȥûһģ򲻹ˣҲҪƴ
ƴţˣȫͬһʱ䶯֣ĸɵʱ֮䣬Ϻ򶼸
𺣣֮ϵľˣȫϡ


2493 ը
ɣͬʱ֣ǸͲҪˣϺ̼¡
ӵҲɵϣսɣɲÿ˶ǲ񷶦ѽû񷶦սɾ磬ȫǲܵģܵĻֻ·һ
ӷҪսŵĥĻᣬսģȻսŵˣЩģǳ˽Ĵ
νǽӼ˶ҧˣҪͱƴף֮£ܴˣǱġ
ȻӷҲʲôϾԷԼ߾ٺˣʵڵ֮£΢Щһʲôģ͹ƽˡǰǳǼ磬
ӷҪɱĵһˣɾǳӣô˵ڵʱҲʱ޷ھõĻᡣ
𣿿㲻лȥĻˡ
ǰʱİʮ׷ɱӷǺ۵ģϺ򣬳ں֮⣬Ǳг𲻱ǾӣڳӷԲС˵ĻǳӷСˣҲҪˡ
֪ʱΨһĻᣬֻп֮ţڳӷδֽԼɱ֮ǰ֮ţ
ɳӷǲκλġ
һֻ޴ѪɫֱӾͳѹ
Ȼ̧ͷѪɫ·˹㣬һھͳҧȥ
ѪԪأ
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Ѫɫ潫Ӹѹ˺ףʹϺ򣬶һǿҵıը
¡¡ıը󣬳ӷһƳһֻ޴ƣٴѹ˳ӡ
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ɱһԴߣС棬Ǵ磬С棬ӵеȻĳӷ˿ˣˣһǿ߳ģοɲһѽ
ӷ磬㲻ɱңˡ
ʱˣ֮ǰʲôȥˣ֪ҵݣ׷ɱңһʼǻĲͷˡ
Ƶڳӷ˵ֻҪ赲ԼˣͳͳǵˣǿūԼϰĻǾѾˣӷܰȻҲһǸ
֮ǰҵĴҡ
ٷϻ
ͻ䣬ϺգһѪƣֱӱӷһƸѹ˷飬С汻ᣬе类ᡣ
ӣĻˣмֱӱӷɱˣ֪Լˡ
ܣ֮ţȥƵ
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2494 Ҷ˷
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2495 Ӵƣٶ
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һ°ɣڻĶ֡Ȼ˵˲Ҹӷ֮飬ҲûҪȥȴӷ֮󣬾ֵˡ


2496 ʥŮգ
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ʲôʲôȥ½ҿɻмأҲʱȥˡ


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ͻأʮ˴ӺϷ滹żٺˡ
ӷ翴ͷ֮ˣһͷ׷ߣߵߣżˣһӷǳǵʱѧԺѧ
ӷЦһʵӷҲϵˣû鷢ƵҶ˷ˣҪһˡɼȻ½ѾվˣҲԭѪԪأǳӷͲҪʲôˣǰЩһͲȵģֻҶ˷硣
׼ң
ûǾǶ½ɽ׼ҡ
ͷ䣬ּϰٺˣӺϷվ˻ʹΧĹ֮ϡ
ǣ½ɽҡ
ңѵ̫һһӵģǰһӵģǰǳиңⶫ½Ҳһҡ
񽣣׼ҸҶѾĺˣ½بֻͳͳһ˸Ͳܰĵӷ粢ͳߣҲͳһ½ҪеĻǽ죬Ǿƴ壬ҲҪӷսס
׼ҵͷеȻ˵ĻӣѾļ壬ӷˣ˵вӷˣһвܱ˵߹ҪõĶˡ
ǳǶ½ϲ½ֶˡ˵ʵϲΪҲǿߵģΪǶѧϲһҺûøˡںˣȻǾҪҲȻҪһᣬһƽԿңҵĻˡ
ӷ磬ϻ˵Ǽʶһ£ֶΰɡҲԶ٣˵ʵ˵ȻҲһһǶ½ȻʤˣǣҲͲҪǿ
ûսҲūƴˡ
ƴţЦǻͦйģôйˣһ治̫ˡ磬ҿǽ佣һ˰ɣǾԱ߿֡
ǣɲһҪ򶫲½ȻҲȶ½ġ
ӷЦһʱ䣬ҲӦÿ쵽˰ɡ
˵ֱӵԵ̫ˡɱһذɣֻн½ǹɳ֮ȼǲŻ漣ĳ֡
ǺãҶ˷磬һǵ漣һⶫ½ľɡ


2498 ˣ
ǰȴûнɵԸЩСɫûһģҪԵɵȥɱĻҲ̫Щһˣ
Ȼ׼Ҹҵվ˳ƵĿȻʹӰ񽣼˵תƵ壬ҲֻɱѣҪö½һֱȵҶ˷絽֮ź㣬ܲܽⶫ½ɳӷҶ˷ĵ̰ɣĻԵ̫ˣҶ˷һֱӴһ˭Ӯˣ½˭ҲҶ˷Ҫġ
ӷ˼ֱӽ½װ͸Ҷ˷磬Ҷ˷Զ½Ϊʱۼ㣬ӷþһֶΣҶ˷ｫ½ŹϷ绯е˼
ö½˸еҶ˷ǵľǣҶ˷Ҳ벻ӷȻôһֵģҲԲܾģΪȻⶫ½ΪսǾͱҪһΪⶫ½ˣӷȵȻˣҶ˷磬͸Ͻ˰ɡ
׼ҵˣǼĴ£ֱӾͽƸΧҵ˼׼ҪͷҲȥΪ˵һƣǻҪһӵϡ
˭֪
׼Ҽһ£ʮѾƳȥƽһ̤أӰ΢΢һˣֱʧ˵ǰӰˣ
أ
½˼һ˾ȻƾϢˣһһϢҲоˣǵĴǳԼڶ½Ҳǳһļѽʲôʱʲôˣд˵̼ͲӰ
𣿡
ϿմȻ̧ͷһŵĲ˲Լ۾
СӣʲôʱܵȥˣٶȣҲλ̫˵ɡ
ѵǴ˵еġ˲תƣ
׼ҵļеʶ˵ݣ뵽ĳִ˵еԴ
ͷȻ֪ҵ˲תơ
ңѵǡ
ûңơ
Ƶĺˣ
֪Ѿ̫ˡȻ׼ҪͷΪ֮ļƻұȽ׼Ҹ
ˣҪɱֻ̫࣬ҪɱһЩ΢е˾Ϳˡ
׼ڶ½һ壬˼̳˻֮⣬Ǽٳġ
׼ҸˣԿԽ½˶סǸʱǵģͻᷢţͻھʱ򣬶оǵĳ֣Ǿȳӡ
ˣ˺󡭡
׼ҼһƲ˺벽ĻᣬһٶˣӰٴһˣͣ׼Ⱥ֮ţÿһ˵ǰ˲תһ¡
Ƴ׼Ҽǰʱˣȫסˣ׵Ĵסˣûô׼Ҽǰġ
㡭
׼Ҽ˵һ֣Ϊ˽˸סһ֮ڽסԲ׼Ҽ˵ڶֵĻˡ
ɡ
ৡ
һ⣬׼Ҽǰһ׼Ҽ˶һһǿĺȫΧסˣϿٵĽһı
Ԫء
ƵԪأԵұ֮Ʊӡ֮󣬾ҲûùԼԪˣԪٳ½Ǹδ죬ͱĨɱҡеĸţٴηˡ
׼ҼѾһˣתһ̣׼ҼϵıʼѺۡ
顭һ׼Ҽֱӱըˣ׼ҵЩˣÿһ˵ĲϣһѪۣһһĵȥ
һٶѽ֮ȫɱˣǺεȵֶΣǺεȵʵ
ѵСҲǸǿߣ
ʥŮ̫ϳ໥һۣǲȥκˣֻ뱣סԼһ뱣̫ˣԸͶȴԸⱻѪԪأ׼Ҹҵ˸ǶȻӢۡ
˵ӢۣҲҪӢ۵ʱѽ˼һУͽһȫɱˣ˵ʵȥǲϵĲͷ
ʥŮļ̫ϳѾ֪ԼЩˣʥŮˣûĿˣӷԸ񣬾ûۼҲŹģЩΪе˻ϡ
Ȼ鶼ѾչһǻԥʲôҶһҲͲˡ
ûƴˡ
ʥŮ̫ϳôһˣȫ
ҶһǾѾһ·ھ·֮ϣҪˣϾѾˣƴһһѰɣ˵Ҳһ
ӷҲʱȫ˼ֻһɭɭ˵ʥŮһͳͳɱ⡣
һ仰һҪ;Իɡ
ӷҲҪˣˣ˿͸ѽһƣͿһ֮ɱ׼ˣͬ׼Ҽڣȫ֮䱻ɱˣӷһ֣սҪôѽ
½Щˣڸе˾һľҪһǣҪǣÿһ֮ˣֵһ
ӷ翴Щ˵ı֪ˣҪʱϵǲŲԼô󷽣ⶫ½װͳȥѽ
Ȼʱ֮УһǿޱȵĽ֣⣬ס½
Ҷ˷磬ڵˣ


2499 ֮ԻĹ֮
½֮ǿ󣬶½ǰδ¾ǰλǿߣڴ˵֮£Ҳֻֻϰɣ
һ֧ӴĶ飬ʥŮϿգޱȵɣޱȵǿƣǰ濪ʼЩ½ưˣȻڳӷû֮ǰ
񽣵ȫǿԭأκˣ޷һ¡
ӷ˵ı飬ҲŴȵת䣬Ȼ֪Ҷ˷絽ˣɳӷû뵽ǣҶ˷Ȼ˴ųǸԼ˶ϺһҲҪԼô
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһӣԼǰҶ˷Ƶ̫ˣһҪӵҲǸǳǿƵƽﲻرıֳһ鷢Ǳֵľͽ쾡£
ôɣǶЩʲôѽ𣿡
ƴţ˲Լ۾ûǺôӴĽͷһؼ
˵ǽʮǰѾ˵ǿޡû뵽Ҷ˷ֱʻ治һĴѽޣȻһԾ͸˾ʮֻЩޣÿһֻŵɼΪ֮ǿǿ֪ģһͬʱǣǽ޻ˡ
ʮǾʮŸɼĳǿߣ⻹лɯɯˣӺһսڵǿߣҶ˷磬߲ƣ߲ѽ
ôǿߣǻΪǿɡϹ˵
ָûġЩȲ˵ɯɯѾǵˣû´ĻɯɯһģһǻҼĴӸС㣬Ҳǵɣڻɯɯ֮ϡ⣬ʮŮÿһǵ۷ЩսϵˣҲͳͳǴ۷ǿߡ
ôˣǾˣֻǵɳв񷶦Ҳֵסɣ
佣Ҷ˷ƣȻ֪вҪ֣ǵһϵġ
ֹˣ
ӷһ仰˵ûƴţ˶һͷѣΡ
ʲôкֹˣѵЩ֮⣬ǿ
⣬漴һ˵Ҷ˷߻û
ӷ˵ûȻֻһȴһмӦߵġҶ˷籾Ȼɢ˿ΪսɢƣҲ֤Ҷ˷Ѿɹ硣
ƴţʵڵǸʲô
ʲôƿЦһ˵ǣԵģһٶǿߣлʮ۷壬һٶŴ۷壬һһм
ƴţ˵ϽģǵȫԷǿëѽ
½ȫһҲɱġģҶ˷ֲɵôֱӾ͸Ƕ֡ŰɣǳԺηӡǣη𣿡
磬ǡֵʲôʱ¹ˣʲôʱηˡһҾͲҿ϶ˡ
ҲǿЦһûоûƴţԼ˵ӣҶ˷ѽһһֱġ
ҪӣҸˡ
ӷһڣͻأȫʢһǿޱȵֱӳ˳
ʲô𣡷֮
ƴţȥԣӷһǱһĲ֮
ɶǡ
Ҷ˷ս֮ڣͬһǿޱȵĽ˳
Ĺ֮
µмλãֱײһ
¡¡
֮Ĺ֮ײһɾ޴ıըʹĳҶ˷ս֮⣬ˣȫˣЩҲȫŭˣ
棬½ˣȫڵأܶΪˣСֱӱϣһͨˣһʥŮĻʹ嵹һ룡
ڲ񷶦ѾһҶ˷ⴿĻĹ֮Ӳƴӷ绹һ˶ռᱻҶ˷˵ġ
ȻһնûУӷڻɳ𣬾Ϊ񷶦һӷŸҸҶ˷ӲƴһѵģҲһѣǰǳӷ磬Ͼӷڲŵɵ㣬˱ҲŽʮ֮һҶ˷ѾˣǴĻĹ֮ͶɵģΪϣӷʱҶ˷һ
Ϊ׵Ļʮοĳӷ磬˵񷶦Ȼ˵áŵɵ㣬ĻĹ֮ӲƴѹԽսߵǿͳͳɱ
һʵӷĲ֮סˣǺӷģڿҶ˷Ӵ½ӷ磬һ㶼ûģҶ˷ùָᷢôصĺ


2500 һεײ
żʱ䣬û뵽ӷô࣡
ɯɯӷ罻ֵʱ򣬳ӷҲʹ߰˲ѣأѾǵɵˡ
Ҫ֪ɯɯ֮ô쵽ɣлģһֻǵɵһˡٿӷ磬ûκ˰֮£Ȼֱӵ˵ɵ㣬ǻˣδй֮ѽҶ˷磬ڵɽ׶Ҳû˱̬ѽ
ѵǲ񷶦֮ѵڲͬ
ɯɯȻܲˬɱϾ֪ӷǲ񷶦ڻҼʱҲ˵ӷΪֱǱ̬еı̬ʱɱɣǵˣ˵Ըһս
˿̵ĻɯɯףҶ˷ΪʲôҪôƣԭ˸ˣ
ã˵Ļûӷ磬治һ
˿ǵһμܹҶ˷ĻĹֵ֮Ǵ˸ƽ֡
Ȼ֪ӷҲ͸ղһܸҶ˷粻£һεĻӷǵסģôþͲ뷨ˡ
ɳӷҲɵ֪סҶ˷ĵڶȻҲҵùֻҪٳ֣Ҷ˷ƣҲ˼ԳӷѽҶ˷Ҫӣˣ

սڣҶ˷֧飬ٽ䡣
ΪӷҶ˷ɱˣأ˵ˣ˿ȫһǿֱӳʥŮʹΧȥǲģóһյء
ʲôˣ
½ڶ룬ĻʲôˣȲ˵ӷƽһͿƣҲ½ϾԲڵġ
ѵԺĴ𣿡
̫һ޳໥һۣ㲻վסʱʥŮҲõ˲ٵĺôܻҲǵˡ
˵֮ǰǱʥŮҲ˵һЩں顣²ĻģӦǺһƵˣҶ˷硣
Ҷ˷磿ܶԸ˳ӷ𣿡
Ըղһ˵˫űȻƽ֣ɿӷɫѾʼ԰ˣ㿴Ҷ˷ӣţӷҶ˷֮ϣضֵġ
Ҳ˵ǺҶ˷磬ڳӷ֮ϣ
ӦǡӣҪӷˣĶ֣ЩˣҲоˡ
񽣣Ҷ˷ܶԸӷ磬𣿡
ȣǾͲʱܹ¾ѾˣҶ˷ƹҲΪ˽½֣Ŀģǿ˶½ҪԶΪݵأԸӷġҲ׵ǣȻҶ˷ڳӷ֮ϣΪʲôô鷳ֱɱʡµĶ𣡡
޳˵ܳӷʲôҲҶ˷ɻġɲôǣǼ£ǾȿϷɡ
˿̣Ҷ˷Ķ飬ѾڵأӷˣվҶ˷սİ֮
ȫҹ¡
һŭ߳һ죬ʹĶ½ЩˣվŵģȻȫµģҲٹ¡
Ȼ֮һ˾͹£ȻǽҶ˷һţϰҲ˵һνѷκˣ÷
ʥŮΨӷˣվȵģƴţĸҲǽ˳ӷվסŵģĸɶмܵסҶ˷
£ʱ
һŭ߳뽫ӷҲ£û뵽ǣӷ˲һһ˵Գȥ

ƴţվһŭ˶һ˺üҶ˷ͷųһסӡ
ЩɵĶǾ˼𣿡
ӷЦһҹ£㻹浱ԼǸɫǰɣ

Ҷ˷漴սĽŻ򿪣ֻһ⣬սڳ˲ͳ֧Ӵǰ
Ҷ˷磬һͷ𷢣ļʮַӢּиΨеۺ壡
ѽô˶ˣ
ƴţһҶ˷磬ֱǸ˵ķѵڵĵĴ½Ҷ˷磬ܻģҶ˷ȥ磬ģĳˣ
ôģЩص㣬صǣ죬ڣڣӷҶ˷磬ʽˣ


2501 Ҷ˷˵
ӷҶ˷ͬʱǰȥ˫ˣȴҲͬһʱֹ
磬Σգ
ȥ
ӷҶ˷ͬʱҪƣõĵơ
һ̣˫ʽˣ˫Ҳ֪ҪֵĻҲ͸ոһѣ˭׵ĳ֣ǱƵһ㣬˭֣˭͵ڱԷŭˣôױŭˣûʸԼȥ
ɵǰУһԵеĸоûУͬѼ㣬ձʮֹ죬ǻƴţǣǻɯɯǣĸ
ԽԽֱڽʱͻ䷢ˡ
ӷҶ˷ͷͬʱһ󣬳ӷͷֵڲҶ˷ͷֵһƬɫӣһԲ֮﻽˲ĻӰһԻĹ֮˻ĹŻĻӰΪҶ˷ɻĹ֮ͶɵģеĻĹ֮ǿǸĹŻΪһģҲ˵Ҷ˷磬ӵŰĹŻ磬Ҳ˵ǴӻĹŻзֻģ
ĹŻ񷶦һ֮һиص㣬ҲǿޱȣڣҶ˷ֻɻĹ֮ͣȫӵеĻĹ֮ȻھӵĹŻ磬Ĵ½Ӹ˵ȫҶ˷ˣΪĴ½ǻĹŻ͵ģ
˫ΪǿĵƻȴΪ˶ֿսֻķʽԷһˣȴǾþ޷ֳһʤӷҶ˷Ҳֻܽջأֻصһַ̣һĻ˶벻
֣
ӷҶ˷綼ͬʱԼһֻ֣˾Ȼʼˣ
ƴţɯɯߵˣһһ㶵ģǵôȥôѺã
Ҷ˷¶ЦݣһааЦݣţҲţ˵Ҷ˷磡
ӷϣͬʽЦ˵ճӷ硣

ƴţǱˣʲôʲô־ˣȻʼҽˣ
Ҷ˷˵μ棬ա
Ĵ½ҵļ磬һߣлҪղǡҶ
̫ˡʱΪ˵һ治ҹ㣬һˣҵ³ͻܲҡ
Ҷ˵ﻰʱģҶʲôһ½ѣ˵ʵһûû㽫½ȫˣԣⶫ½ˣ͵ǳμɡ
ݴҿܳܲΪҶ˷ûϰߣȴĴ㡣½͸İɣ½ΪĻ棬κ֧Ԯ֮£²죬ͱˣ
Ҷ֪ҵļ磬磬ҵĹңôһϻǽǽᵹϡ䣬صػġԣҶµ𣬾ʹûȥκˣκ£ҶԼ˫˫ȥѧϰǴ£һȭһһһӡ
ܺáȻҷǳ͡˵ˣҴ٣ɲʲôʵ£֮䣬ǾˮˮģһǧǰȴͻȻܵҸΪУҸ׵ĵ̣ҲѧҲܹ̣ѵǱߵĵǸ˿ۣҪҶΪҶңǴûȥǱߵעѽ
Ҷ˷⻰˵ģӷǿһҶҵĵ̡
ռ䣬Ĵ½һʼҲҶҰɣҲκˣ˭б£˭ġ
Ҷ⻰ͲˡǳǱҲǴҴ󻧣ôɳҶ˵顣ûҸ׵ȷǹҶһ̣㣬Ҳܲˬһ˵ģԵţҶϸҶô
˵ĻңҲǿԳΪѵġȻҶҶʧĶҲ̫ǳﰲңҶҲǷǳӭġ
ӷЦһ˵Ҷҵ˼ˡҵ˼ΪҸҶҵĵ̶Ҫʲôĵ̻ࡣҸղѾ˵ǳңҲǴҴ󻧣Ҫ⣬һҪģ˭ֻҪҷǳҵҵҾ͸ûꡣҸһǧǰºһһ£ΪӵģΪе˼治֪պôؼүүĸѽ
֮⣬ڹĻǰɣ
ǵȻġ
ǳֻôôأ
Ѿ˵ˣǳҪ⣬һҪģʲôطһȻҪͰҶҵĵȫˣһƵϽһԼĹڶں̫ϤҶԸæҳӷһǳжģ˵׼ҶҸһéʲôģǰꡣ
ǲҪл
лͲˡҿЩĵĻȰЩ͸ҡʮŮҲҵֵܿкܶ඼ûģһ˸׼һţҲͷΪǵˡ
Ҷ˷˵ӷ˵ˣҿƨҲаɣҸպ˼ЬģҵֵҲȱˣɴҲ͸ңû³ǼӦûˬŶˣЩ۷壬͸ңȫҲҶԵĻٴһ㣬ǸмҲгҿʵĻһ¡мȻôڸҵʲôģӦҲȥ


2502 
ӷһŻ˵ڣй𾪵ġ
ƴţĸ۾ĸһɯɯЩ˸ǻðɣսڵˣͳͳ˳Ҫӷˣ
ӷǲмĿһЩ۷壬һٺңȴֻЦһûǵһ£˵Ҷ˷ѽҶ˷磬㲻𣬿첻㣬㵹ǷŸƨѽҷţȥ
ҶҲ˵˼仰ѣЩˣһͷԵģһٰɣ˵ĻЩһģңǽʮŮ˳ɣ߽ǸмҲЩͬʱΧҡ
ӷһԾͽҶ˷˳֣Ҷ˷ˣǱӷŭˡ
μѽͱŭҶ˷绹ûʸӷȥ
Ҷ˷֪ӷ뼤ŭԼȻ˳ӷССļ
ʲôȫ¡
Ҷ˷Щ۷ûһ˸ģһһԹȥ
ֻҪҶ˷һһƴӷġ
ȻǷȤҲϲЦ˽ѡ
ЦҳӷɴЦġȻҰѶ½͸㣬ܵĸһôɣҺôŲţҪŹųȥ
ӷĻͻȻһתʼӲȻһ޷ŭ㣬ǾڶˣεķɸղžͲͬˡ
Ҷ˷ô벻ӷ֮ǰҪѶ½͸ԼȻԼû½½ȫӷôԼҲоԵİٶ
ڣӷȻ˵һ½㣬ҪҵôʲôѽôĸˣåƵģ
ѽԼʱԳӷ˽⣬ӷӦòԸѽΪʲôͻȻͱˡ
ѵʱԳӷЩ˽ȫǴģֻ˵ӷʵǰԼص̫ˣ෽ûպãŻľ档
Ҷѵֵ˵Сˡ㿴ô󷽣½͸ˣڸҪôܲܲɣȻǸСˣҲѽҲûҶҵǵ
ӷ˵ֱתѾռ˾ԵƣȨҶ˷뷴ԼһǹƲ̫ˣ뵱ô˵棬Զ٣Ⱥ֮

Ҷ˷ɫķǳ죬ղŻѿҪھȻЦӭˣһǸЦصľأǲָ£
ôͨˣ˼ӣ͵㶫ңǸҵĺô
Ȼǳμ棬˿İѶ½͸ңҶ˷ҲǸСѽҿɣЩǵɼģʮǰѾ˵ģЩֽΨһĴڣȫˣϣѡֻɡ
ʱЦˣҲˡ
ƴţڿЦɻɯɯȴǿɥ
ⶼʲôѽһ½ǣǾҪͽ㡭ԣⶫ½ʲôʱͱӷˣˣ¶½ʸûУǰеҲǵвԼЩ˵ѽ
ӷڸˣåǧĵɯɯ
졣
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쵰Ȼйƻģҵ֣ѵǺת
ƴţʱ˹ָҶ˷ս˵磬ϲͽǸҰˣûµʱ򻻵Сƺȡ
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Ҷ˷һưⲻ֪ðĻ쵰
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ӷҪҶ˷ʲô𣬲ᣬԲᣬҶ˷еģӷҲУɳӷеģҶ˷ȴûС
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ʵҸղžΪҶеˬЩ£ʵ̫ûòˣûǴĻղǲ˽ǹµģ

ǸģҶҲһܲԼ¶ðɣãȻҲҶ͸ҵļˣȴϵĶҳӷҲô׵ˡμ棬˵㶫½ܲĻؿ۰ɣͰһ¡ûǼһɯɯһǼһ
Ҷ˷ڷӦˣ֪ӷʲôԭ뵱Լ棬Լ£Լֻһֻۣһֻۣƨܷһˣ͵ʧˣ
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ţװƣôܵǰѾǰװʲôװװƣڣ
ȸССĽѵʹҶ˷ˣ


2503 ʮԼս
ȷװƣӷˮƽ˵ڼģڵʱ͵ķʽһڽŵ£ǻ׹ݣǴٹ壬ǺڵУǶ֣ûһڳӷ¹ϼеģľתμ󻹲Ǳӷ
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Ҷ˷һ֣ŭ滹Ҫװ΢Цԣ
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Ҷ˷ʱҪˣѾӷ֮ǰô񣬶Ѿõ˱Ӧٶ֣Ǿ˵ȥˡ
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ˣͿϣҲƽ֮ǰˡطʵڲ棬һȺȺѽٴȥ϶Ұ޵ζˡҶȵΪֵֹܾȸˣȹ죬һд͸ġ
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û⣬ʮ֮½߷壬һʱԼ


2504 Լս׼
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ǳǷ˼Ųʲô⣬Ҷ˷ҲὫκλûгӷĵط˵ֻҪӷʲôطҶ˷Ļʲôطǳǣܲ½ϾСһ̫ܲĴԳӷûȥǳˣ
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̳滹ûϢʵڲеĻҲֻܶҵǱˣôʱˣǱߣҲѾۼĲ˰ɣ


2505 Ҷ˷Ԥ̳
ƽһ½ֽĵͼ˳ָŵͼһ꣬˵ǻһʮսɡ
ѽڣӷ綼֪ʮսʲôطʲôط½֮
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ӣҶ˷ӦҶԼѡʱġе㻳ɣҶ˷Ը˵ֱӵʮս½ߵĵطϲͨ𣿡
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ǼһҲ̫˰ɣǬǶûأ뽫Ĩɱҡ֮С
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ӷ̾˿˵ҲµҶ˷ѡս޷ѽ
佣˵ΪǬǵİȫҪ赲ǸмĿǰΨһһ赲мģֻпȸˡȻȸֻһΣΪǬǵİȫҾֵ
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ʥŮĻʹΪ֮ǰ֮Ĺ֮Ķһ룬Ҷ˷ھվڰϵĻʹߴʣ˵ûУӦþǴ˵е֮ӷһ
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2506 ۷壡
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ʱ䣬ѵʮ̳ʮȡʹ̳ӳּ࣬Ҳʲô˶Ľء
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Ů˵Ҷ˷ȻһҲЦ壬ΪΪصһ壬ػԼȴüα񷶦ᣬΪ񷶦ˣ壬Ҳûħɡ
ҶҪ֪ûסԼβ񷶦ߴΣҲҶҵΡˣħеĴģȻֻػԼʲôҶҵķ⣬ʧߴ𡣡
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˵û֮ԴûҶǿƹֻǸԼػߣϣʵħҶҳ⣬һôһ죬ǾҶҵλãҶң͸廻һλãǲģȴҲΪˡ
֮⣬ħû׶ҶʧˣҶǰɣ
ȻҶѾˣҲ˵ʲô峤ڣһжĵģңһ䣬ӷ磬Ҫ񷶦ٴ䵽֮ˣ롣

Ҷ˷ͻһЦ˵ղ˵ʲôĵȻҶ˷ųʮ꣬Ҳλµü棬һôˣҲҪ
ҽֻǴϢҶģô룬޹ءҾҪˣԸ˳ӷ磬ǵʱǿߣͻһҶɱ˳ӷ磬˲񷶦

Ҷ˷ʵ峤ʲôطȥˣ
峤ǺεȻȴǸ㸸ҶгͬĴڡ۵֮ԸǩԼǰʱҲûɱңǲ㸸Ҷ֮⣬һ۷壬۷壬Գһˣһ۾ٿҲڿһжɡ˵۶ˣ㣬ûʸ֪飬ǣҲûʸ֪
ѹ־ŰǰۻԸǩԼҶͣսѹǰʱûɱŮˣܵΪ֮ڣ۷壬⻹һֻڣ˳۸ҶҸ֮⣬ˣͲ֪ͬʱǵ۷壬ҶһҲħڴˡ
ħصĿ湻ģǰεĲ񷶦ħ߸񷶦ڰεĲ񷶦֮ڣȫ֪֮У峤ȻҲ۷壡
ȻȻǰεĲ񷶦֪峤Ҳ۷壬Ҳ˵߸Լʱ峤Ҳû֣û¶棬˵û˿ֵģβ񷶦Լߵġ
ԼǲǸûںĴ½峤֣֮
ţҿֱӻش㡣ŰǰҷԼ㸸׸ǩ֮ʹȥˡɾ㵱ûȥҲû˵õĵΪԼ񷶦ʥ޼߲ʽһģģ峤Լˡ
ഫ½ԼɢļϢˣ
ûϢȷǼٵģƵһ£ֻаǾͲĴЩڶѾҪˣӷĳ֣ѾȫֶˣҽҶǾɵӷ磬ҹζࡣ
һ⡣֪ħ򣬻֮УӷЩ˵ʵ̫ãЩ飬ǲħⰲŵģǵĻħȻҪ磬ǱڵΪʲôҪӷ磿ǲ̫ìˣ
˵ң峤㸸ףҲش㡣Ƕ֪ħ뷨ǾȫħˡˣҶҾȸˣϣҪģΪҲ֪ڵĴ½ʵ̫Զ˵㣡


2507 Ůˣĸ
ӷ㴫Ϣȸʮ֮ǰ̳׼ԸҶ˷Ǹм
ϢûͻȻǿ⣬˳ӷͷ
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ѽǸŮ˲Ѿ
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ӷ磬֪ʲôԼǲſͬʱҲ꣬ÿһ꣬ʹһ
ŮˣĸŮˣ˫ͬʱһӡ
ҵĸ⻯ȫҵҵҵļ硣ȻĸĸҪȫȥ
ڲеǸǻ˹ڣȻӲг
ЦҲ֮У򣬱
ǾҲʶһ£ԼΪǺεȵڲͬ
ԼΣܣ㡣
ӷֱӽ󺰵ӡ

˵ҵĲУܸһΣҲܵĳȥһΡɡ
ŮڲбȴһҲҲæ
ȫҽɡ
ȻˣжٷҲڲ֮Ҫ
ļ磿ƭȥɡҹ
ӷѾоŮˣڸֻҳְˡ
ã񷶦Ȼǿӷ磬ҾͲˣǰ㣬֪֮ڣֻв񷶦ԼͬĲ񷶦⡣
ͳͳɡ
ӷ罫Ů˵ȫצ˽һ
ħҳ
ħӵֱӳ˳ȥУŮ˵ƴӣħͣ׷ɱӣҪĴ½ġ
ʣҶ˷翴űǱߵɵЦǲ֪ߵغ񣬲񷶦ʲô˶ǵ𡣾Լ⻯Լڵ֮£ȥԲ񷶦Ҳֻ·һ
Ҷ˷̾˿ô˵ŮҲǺԼһµģԼܲܿӷɱɡ
ҵһغ˰ɡ

һĹֱ֮ӳǱ߳ȥ
ӷȻһУǿĲ֮
Ҷ˷磡һģ
໥ײǿĲ˷ɢȥ
Ҷ˷ͻȻóӷûļɱǸŮˣֻˡ
ӣѽ
˶ѾˣӷѵҪ׷Ĵ½ɣ
Ӳгƴţʵ׷ʲô£
Լû뵽֮ǰץŮˣԼķȻڵиġ
˵ʲôڵиȻ£ѵԼ
ҲԼʲôǸŮˣҲûʲô塣ΪҪǣղҶ˷ܵġҶң壬Լ֮䣬ʲôϵ
壬һʮصȺ˵ΪصȺ˶ԣͲܻ֪Ĵڣȴ֪壬ػԼ˵Լػߡ
ΪʲôֻҶйϵûϵղҶ˷ΪʲôҪ
ҾͲ֪ˣҲҲܸħйϵ
˼˵Ҷ֮⣬֮УǸ壬Ҳħ֮еģ
ڻܿ϶Ͼֻһˣ˻ûţȻѾҶ˷糷˹ϵǺܿ죬ͻǴϽġ


2508 ӷĵģ
Ҷ˷ǾԲȥһ޹֮˵ģȻھˣǸղǸŮ˾һҶ˷йϵ˵ҶҸ֮Īϵġ
˵ûңǸŮ˱ĸһͱĲŪˣȴڲиȻĸȫûҶ˷ĳ֣Ҳ·һġ
˵ǸŮ˼Ȼ֪·һΪʲôҪܹǰɣ
ûǸŮֲɵӣĸˣҲӦĵǵ˵ĸ¾İٸڲǰǱɱǻɫ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣ֻң񷶦ǿĴڣͬʱҲңԼѾˣӦˡҶ˷ΪʲôʱҲԣǸŮ֮ǰȼҶ˷ˣ鲻ôɡڶϺ򣬸˺һҶ˷½һȴûгɹڣǸص壬Ҳһ
ȻûɹҲһһĴ㡣Ǹص壬ѾˣǱҪ׼һҶ˷ͬʱ׼塣
ƣ뾡һа취壬Ҫ֪嵽ʲôطҶңֵʲôϵȻΪҪǣҪ֪ǲǸħйϵ
ħ֮ûйϵҪˣȻܸҶҳϹϵܳΪԼˣǱضǸħйصģҿ԰ٷ֮ٿ϶ʲôطҶ֮⣬Ӧû˻֪Ҳشôꡣ
佣˵ҶҸ壬ħе˫һӵ߲ʽһӵԼҶ۷壬Լˣʲô磿
ôһ˵ӷƣлƴţϹңȫÿһ˵ҲȻһ
ѽԼˣҶһħ֮ڵģ˵ΪͲܻҶ
Ϲ˵ǵƵʱҾϼһ˵ŰǰһսʱΪʲôҪҶһǩԼԳԸ˵ȻҪҶͲӦ׷ѽǩʲôԼУѵûʲô𣿡
ΨһĿԾǣʥη壬Ǹη壬Լˡʥ۷壬ҶҲ۷壬ٳһ۷壬һǸҶһģǾãʥһ֮ܵеĹ۷𣿶۷嶼ʥһӵ֮һ
һ˵ӷ缸Ҳȫ˹
֮ڣȻ۷塣ҿ
ӷһǳӷѽڣӷʵ̲סˡ
ǰβ񷶦ߴħԾʱҲҶֹѽֹѽǸ峤ûȹΪʲô˳ӷǸ峤ܳˣħ֮ǰӷ綯ֶŵġ
£ˣӷ綼ϣΪʲôⲻõ£õӷҲء
ӣ֮ǰٹһǷһƵǱҪһ۷壬Ѿܴһˡ
ӷЦһ˵˵ֱ׵㣬ħ֮ǰұҪ۷ǰɣ
ûһܻ٣Ǳߣǳģǰβ񷶦ʱΪʲô֣Լˣ²Ļ峤ǰβ񷶦ʱδԼϣǵʱŸԼϣԼġȻһ㣬Ǿǡ
ƴţ˵㲻˵ҶµˡҶиӣƵиǱߣܾһ峤ɣһҲһ
ûĸˣѲĽɫ
ܶѲֻҪʱ䣬ҶаӦϾУ񷶦ΪףֻҪܳɹڰ˱䣬ھűҲͲԶˣΪ棬ͲõġĵǣǸڰжң᲻Ὺʼˡ
ע⣿
ƴţ໥һۣʲôע⣿ǰ֮¸ëѽֻҪ۷֣֣ģð졣
򣡡
ӷͻȻ֣ûƴţǼһ
򣿳磬˵Ǹ壬пܻע⣿
ûĵġڵǱߣ˫ֻбΪǿ󣬿ɱ̫СһԵ涯֣Ǿ͵ֱӶҵϳһ㷴ضûˣ
Ǹô죿
飬һһһԵ粻ҾҪһеĺ֮ǣȻȥһ£ֻе粻£Ҳܷĵ·
佣˵ҪֱϵһµǱߣʳүӣʱûзʲô£
ţȫ˽֮£Ҳֱֻүүˡ


2509 Σ
ƴţȫųӷ磬ȫڵȴųӷǱϵ
ǣʮʮӣӷȴվԭأһ㶯ûС
磬㵹ǿѽˡ
ѽѽʲô£
ֵѽʱɲҪĥǵѽϵѽ
˵ȻҲ֪һô磬ȴǵļ磬İȫǶԣֽ˵İȫҪҪͿϵǱ߰ɣ
ӷ˶һ£ɫҪѿжѿ
ʲô£ƴţʵ
ǲʲôϣӲ佣ʵ
ѽ˵ѽϹ˵
ӷ̾˿˵Ѿ°ٴϵˣɵǱһǿƵģôϵϵϡ
磬ɱŻѽǻû֮ǰ㶼ϵ磬ѾǵɵˣΪʲôϵˡ
˵ֻһܣһҪǿˣڵǱ߶ֽţȫ˿ǿԷģǲϵϵġ
͸ҵʱľĴһ𣿡ƴţʵ
ӷ˵֪ȾĴҪǿٱҽȵҩûˣáɵڣûйĻôʱˣҲѾָˡǡ
ˣ
ûһǵ⡣壬ԭͶԵ綯ˣ
磬ڸô죿
ұҪȥһˡ
ȥ㶼ϵϵ磬Է֮ǿһôĳ̶Ҳ֪ҪͻǲǶԷǰ㻹ԸһȴҪԽѽô
ܲôˣҲСҵˣȫǱءĸףүүңԼңдţǼ壬ȫڵ硣ռ䣬ռ䣬ҳҵĿ֮££Ǿ͵£Ҳܲܡ
ǡ
ǵȫеھͿ֮ţصȥ
ʲôϼ
ƴţһе˳ȫе˳ӷϡ
ʱ֮䣬ˣѩǶˡ
淢ʲô£
˸ջʮһսҶ˷ᴫôϢ
û뵽һͷ顣
С㣬ڿ棬֪ʲô¡
ʲôȥ
ֹܽȥɼѾȫסˣʱ˭ӲǾ·һ
棬òҶ˷粻ãʮ̳սɱ˰ɣ
ܣҶ˷ˣǲһ㶼֪֮ǰҲһ㶯ûСǷʲôͻ¼ǶŰɡ
ҴڣƴţƣϹң佣еȫ˳ӷϡ
ɵûдﱩ¶ȥȫ˳ӷǰһϡ
ֻһţ
ˣ
ټһҪȫ򿪣ͨ磬Ϳܱ͵طȥ
Сֿʼرˡ
֮Żûһ룬ͻȻֿʼرգóӷΡ
磬ǵŸʹ򲻿ʲôѹƺ֮š
ûȷһӺ֮ŶͷŹ֮Ÿѹס򲻿ǵڣǸͲܴ򿪺֮ŵġ
ӷһŭ֮Ĺ֮ѪԪأ֮ͳͳҡ
Сռƻ㣬ֱӽ֮Ÿ˵ġ

ʱһЦڿ
˵ӷ磬ǲһ±Բˡ£Ȼ뽫еͷųҪ֮أ˺֮ţ
һӰ˳ӷ˵Աߡ
ȸôˣ
ûģǿȸû뵽ӷ绹û֪ͨʮ飬ȻԼȸϹˡ
Ҷ˷ʮ᳤̳ϢѾĴ½Ǻܻ᲻֪𡣡
ҵģ
֮ǰӦ飬ڸպð㴦ҲͻǷˡڿû̳սӣ鷳ˡ
˵ôϻһã֮ţҪؼһˡ
ؼңⶼʲôʱˣʮɲѽ㲻ú׼ʱ᳤̳ӵļң
˵ȸ㲻֪Ѿ嶢ˣ廹ҶһģҲħһڣѾļ磬ˣҪϻصһˣɵǱһǿ˿
ԭҪȥǾҪʱ䡣㵽ʮϲĻôĺӦú
֪ʮˣ˿ɾͶˡڱҪȥȸȻû֪֮ͨǰˣǾ֤ҵģȻˣǾȰһصһˣû֮ǰһУҿŵ㡣
ѽǺðɣ£ҲһѣǾԵҿȸ̫Ѫˡ
˶٣ȸ׼ãҵ֮šơ


2510 ิ
ǣһ׳칫֮ء
Խȫ쵼ˣȫۼ˻棬ȫװľ˰أκ˶ý룬Եĺǽţе쵼ˣȫǰһĻĻչһսһĳĿƻõӰ㣬ص޴ڣЩ˵ٶ֮죬˷˼
ѾתսϾˡȫҪ֤ȺڵİȫȺڷЩֻŵС
԰ǰÿһң˿µ飬Ҳ֪ðһЩµˣʹ򣬶һпս֮УУĴսΪҵģµˣȫۼ˻ߣ
׳Ϻ人ɶȷļһȫϾ߾ۼˣ֮࣬ǧǵľӣѾֵסˡҽ飬֧Ԯ
УѾٸڵˣȫɢȥˣʱгҵ˹»ٳ
ڳЩ쵼ˣȫǼģҲ֪Щ˵е磬ҲǴڵġ
ĳңѾİˣɢеңûȫۼͬһطϳеȫܵռȥˣʹĳҷǴȵļ١
Щµ˿ʼʱԽͲóԶɽģԵڣûнԸ߳ԶɽԶɽѾǸͨˣЦѣھһ֮ؾʱ򣬲ȥǼλ˼ҡ
׳Ѿʱˣٲ֪ͨλүӵĻ淢ʲô£Ƕеѽ
ԽȻһƴϣŭЩѪˣ;ΪʲôֻͻȻ˳ǰҪô౶
׳ֹˡЩѪ˵֮ȫԭĳ̶ȡͼߵѪˣԸЩһЩһﻹһЩǴδͷ·ǴһƵġ
һ磿
ѵǰֵѪˣͲǰЩǴһ£᲻ӷйϵЩѪˣѰģ
飬ϵ飬ѱҴ
Խ֪ҷ棬ûгԶɽǲģɱͬѾͷʲôͳȥЩѪ˴ˡ
Ľ鲻ҪϵֱӴ˻طҲֻĽ˲ŸҴ
ˣ׳ˣ
Խ֮УʵǲǱˣ
ǣǵġھʮǰһȺ˳˳ңǴɵ˵ȴԽԽ࣬ɱۣ˴֮׷˳ȥҵЩˣֹˡ
Ҿ֪ᷢ¡Щһ뽫Ͼȥ磬󣬵˶Ҳ֤ӷǼһµ鷳ЩѪˣѰġ
׳ڸô죿ǵľӣʲôˣҡ
飬ǲѾ֪ͨүӣ
׳Ҳû취ѽӷ粻ڣ̲ڣСҲ֪£ôǽѽ
㡭Ҹ˵ٴˣܷʲô£ܸүӣôҵĻ˶߷硣
顣
ţһŸ˿ֻʮˣ˽Щˣ֮䣬ȫסˡ
ԶɽλүӣЦѣͬʱ˽
Ļ߷磿ҿǰҵĻ߷˰ɡ
ɫǳѿͳԽ췢ŭ
֣ҡ
͸˵ʲô£һҪǡ㵹ãڳӲˣҪЩϹͷǰɡ
֣Ҳ˼ֻǡ
Զɽ˵׼ңҲֽ죬Ͼ飬Ϊһ׳ҲѴѽε飬ǹҵװܹġ죬еľӶˣ£ͽˡ
ûô򵥡ڵ磬һסˣˣͻز
˵ʲôȻ£
ǵģҲˣҲŲ뾪ġڱ˸Ͼȥˣǵȷʲôˣ³ڵЩ֣Ҫˡ
Ц˵ˡ
ǣˡ
֪ͨڵȫҾۼϾһдۣҲҪñİȫܵ˺ҲܶԸʲôҪ塣
ȥ졣
Զɽûа취ϵۣҲںǱʲôһСʱϸҹ
ѾϵǱˣڻûϢ̫ţҲҪ̫żˣǶ֪ģӦò̫⡣ҪǣҪ˵ݣʲô֪ҪԷ壬ҲҲطѽ
ҹܲô࣬ҾһŮ˭˺ҾƴҲŹԷġ
Ľ龪үү̣ǿ쿴ǱѾϾˡ
ˣȫ˴ĻĻ֮ϣӰѾ֣ȴüٸѪ˰ΧϾ½ֿڣ
˹ȥѳڵϵȫɹȥ
ĻϣССΣһѶ̵һͷ
ʲôˣȻܵǼңȫҹ
һΧѪˣȫĺˡ
Ѿͷһ˶ԸôѪˣ
Խ첻ͣŵ绰ɵ绰ȴôҲͨ
Ͼ棬˱Ǳ֮⣬ܶѪˣѾϾѧ
ǵĿ꣬ȻФ
ФС㣬Сġ
顣
һ⣬һ룬پʱϵ
پЩʲôˣñ̬
ФС㣬Ѫˡ
ʲôЩһͱ𣡡
Ҳ֪ʲô£սȫˣϾǣѪˣǵĿ꣬ǾܵˣϾˡ
Ҳˣ
ǵġФС㣬ߣｻң֩Ӧ㡣


2511 һұ
һȺȺѪ˶Ͼѧ棬ɫŰ֪ΪʲôϾѧ⣬ϾǣѪ֮⣬Ӱ
ФܳϾѧʱѾ֩׷ˣһȺѪƴɱţмʮѪˣФ
پµĲЩһĿ꣬Ф˵ǵĿǸӷ׽ˣˣǲֻ֣Фץֵġ
ȻһУЩѪ˵ĳ֣ĹǽǰЩѪˣȫ˹ʹǵǰǿʮʮ
ڣپʱҲǰģΪǰռ䣬ӷ粢սپÿһ˵ΪѾ쵽쾳ˣҪԸЩѪˣǲġ
ڵʵ̫ˣӲƴȥ˭ռ˿ˣǱǱߣҲǲͣıѪ˰Χѳɱ
֩룬Ǵˣ˵ĵطȥѧ̫࣬ǧҪ˵ѧ
ФҲǼʶģЩҲͼȻᱻȳŵ
á׷꣬ұФС㣬赲ˡ
û⡣ϳ½ֿǱȥ˾Ǳߡ
¡
ͻȻһıըֱӳ½ֿǱ߳ӰٳФǰپҲѾϾѧɱ˳
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ФܵǰȻ֪ͨˣϾǸӣǳӷΨһŮФòġ
Ǻǣûµġ̣֪ЩһĿ㣬Ծ͸Ϲˡ
پǱġϻؼȥߵܡ
أ
еĶ̵һָգ˵ǿˣپǵסģ磬ֻң֮һս
磬ֻбһ֮һսĵʲôˡ
ϡ
еĶ̵һףΪһ⣬Уһһɾ޴ıը
ִУ飬ȻûоκһȺڣɼϾǣѾȫӡЩͨȺڣȫ˳˯Ͳ֪ʲô¡
ʲôˣȻӵǿФСߣ赲
ǿߣ赲ˡ
ʲôʲô
ǺǱߵȫ¾磬ƾҵأҲŵɾˣ֮䣬ͿУһ򶼽𡣡
Ļپ˴󾪣֮һУ
ô˱̬
һǺǱ߹ģصĵҪֱӶ˵صϼѽ̫ˣ
ڸô죿
õģһӦģɵƻ޷ˡ߰ɣ֪̣ͨϾǻˣɲҪֱŶ
Ͼǣһɰĵͬĵˣ˭Ů˭Ů
ǧѽܶ˵ġ
İɣ򲻵ѵʱǲġҲҪԷһôĳ̶ˡ
Сȴ֪ܶ飬֪ģԲֻеһɣмɣ߼ɣ۷ɣ
ܣˡ
ৡ
⣬ֱײ˵ϣأȫĻɽ˳
ߺˣ
һ˵ģһɷ
ֻһˣ˾޿֮ڣӣĴӾ޿
˭ǳӷŮˣ
ͻȻһ仰پʶվФǰ
ִ˵ʵ̫ˣ
ԭ㡣
ͲҪ˵ˣֱӾ϶ФΪĿꡣ
ץҾôҪʱС
Ӱһ˵ǰ
ֻҲ΢΢һû뵽ССĵ磬һôСޣٶȾȻ֮죬գ֮䣬ͳԼǰ˫ſҪԼ·
СޣҵĿ겻㣬Ҳֵġÿ
ǸͲ֪ݣ֪һıĿġ
֪ҲܵҼץˡ㵣Ļͦ
̵һӣẰһɱ
һ⣬ৡһ˵ֱϣһۡ
ֱɵۣ⣬ôܣ
һΪСޣ㵽ʲôˣ
ˣҾ޵ŮСҸүүǳۣҰְǳӷ硣
ʲôӷŮѹСС;˱̬ˣҵһ̬ѽ
ȻӷŮˣҾûҪȥץŮˡСޣ㵹ù˭ôأҪԣǾͱ븶ۡ
޳ܵļһں򲻹ҵأץʡץʣҲ鷳бµѽһҲҼ浱ҳûô


2512 Ҫǣ
ԽڸʲôˣȫֻڻڿĻһС
ĵ򣬳Զɽ޶Ѿͨˣҵɢ磬Ƚ٣˵ʵҲȽϵѾһǿӷǿϵĻȴҲ˵벽ѽ
˵£ڵ磬ܹ˿ģֻбһˡ
һޣ縺˱شΡ
Ѿͷ𣬶ԷǿһȥԸɣ
Խ´󼱣Ϊһ쵼ˣĻǸԼŮѽԼɷ򣬶ӣȫڵֻһŮܵģԽ챾ͺƣܵˣڻ飬ԽһŮˣ˵ʵܶʱԼܲסˡ
𼱡⺢ҪԸһǲġ
Զɽ֪˺Ǳߵľ磬֪ڱԵˣһǺǱ߹ģ磬ҲһǳԽ˶ġ
ΪڲͬڵһżĿɾǳԶɽˣ
һƬ˶֪ĻСȻ󣬿ȴǳԶɽŮ۵ŮӷŮǳҽļ̳ѽΨһһŮ̳ˣ£ǵȳ۸ӻ治֪ᷢôµѽ
亹ڻÿһ˵ĶͷҲһѺսƴϽԪ˧ǵһ˵Ľţ
ϾڣһɣһɣȴһҲţʮİգɸ㡣
ФҪߣǿֱӾͽФȫˡ
˵񷶦ӷǿޱȣҶҳ˷綼ѾԳˡҶ˷ʧ֣Ҳҵǰͬϰˡû뵽ǣϰУȻС
˶Լ۾һҵСޣһΪȴӵԼӷŮ˲ѽСһôĳ̶ȣ˵Լ鷳ġ
֮
˽ȫȫ˳νǿ߶ԣԱԼСģɵһʵԼµģǾһСޣҲὫе
Ҫﲻ̫㣬ֵĻŶ
𣬷˵ĿҲԼˣԼȥʲôطضȥʲôطġ
ϾǴᱻ٣˲飬Ӳġ
һطǻһ׻ﶼϲĵطǲܴôġ
Ѿ뵽һõĵطҲһңȴһǳСĹңңһСϣϾǣһѪ
Ȼǵĵ̣ȻҲѡʺս·ɡ
˸汬ˣֱӷ롣ͬʱеѪˣҲȥ
ϾǣĹʱ֮䣬ȫ
ĳڣԽ˼һѾ룬һֱӳ˹Ļ˵ѾˣԽӽ
⺢ӣʲôطȥˣ
ӦѾˣȻǵϵͳܼӲĽ˵
Զɽȫϵͳ˸Ϸҳ
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⺢ӣ֪ѵձȥձɶƻǶǹһϵûС
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վ֮һֱƯ֮С
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ŵޣҪߡ
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еĶ̵һ壬˫һӡ۵Ƭƻ裬ϳһƬɫĺǵ⣬ͳӢһİѻٹɽһҹĵ⣬չ¶ٳɱ¾ڰ磬أѪ桭ߴԪأɱ
ߵͬĹâӱķӡбߴԪأһͬʹ˴󾪲ԣĲ԰ޱȡ
⣬ôܡߴԪأ
ûߴԪأһ֣ߴԪؾӷһӵߴԪء
壬ܣҲûطܡ
˼ȻһʩչߴԪأɵȥֵ֮⣬벻İ취
ʲôܽ˯ѣûѪʥҲѪһ棬ö֮ɣֻΪɱ¾ɱ¾Ѫ챾аԣν塢аֻΪͬ塣аɣӡơ
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ûҵĿģ㣬ҲҪЩһĵһɱǰ̲£죬ûֹˡ


2513 ս
ҵһ۲ϵͳԹ۲쵽ȫÿһ䣬ÿһˣ˵ÿһ仰
ڣձһУ˵ÿһ仰Խ˶һһ
ѾͷҸ˵ٴˣǹȻձѪ𣬵ΪȹƽǾԲֱӿսѽѾͷȻҪɱһֻŵģ
Զɽ˵죬鵽زѾûֹˡѾձķӡˣձȫ˹ֻҪ΢һ㶯ձ֪ġ
ѵͲֹ𣿡
ձȥǲǹҸƻˡֵȼս۵ռ֮ڣֹġ
ԽȻ֪Щνĵȼ֣֮ȴ֪ԼŮӵڳ˵
ڿǵԼģ棬ǵ˾ͻ֮£Խ˵ʲôء
ձ롣
УѾСֵ꣬ϵˣҲȫ
ΪֵмλãʹĽֵϺܶ೵ȣܶˣҲ˱
̧ͷգ˵Ŷ죬ɱ˵ʱ򡣡
һСɡŲæˡ
쿴ÿɰСޣͨһôվ·м䣬µġ
ȥǴѧձŮܹҪֵȥֺӣԾǸĸ棬Сɢ˵ġ
Сã̫Σˣ㱧ȥԱߺ𣿡
ǰŮѧЦЦ˵һ£֪Ͼɱô
˻һŮѧסˣΪ˵ǺŮѧ˵˫֮䣬
ŮѧûԼ˵Ļתʵ˼Ҹղʣ֪Ͼɱô
ʵϾɱ飬ӷͽˣǸʱһʹ˾ȻΪĳЩܹңձǳ˵Ͼɱ飬£ȫҲ֪ˡ
ڱͻȻʳһ⣬Ůѧ໥һۣһ˵ԭйѽһءˣй˵ûκιϵ
Ůѧ˵ˣǿɲȥһй޵İȫ˵й޻ʳһձ߳ܵ⡣
ȻķӦǾ֤֪ġձǹµУһ˾ܽġϾڱɱйˣʮҵûʱǾͽҰɡ
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ৡ
һ𣬵ˮ֮УʺѪҺ
ɱˣ
Χֵ˵ĵһӦһȥңԭ¶ߵŮޣȻֵɱˣǺεȻ֮ѽǾԵʵʵһʱ䣬ΧˣҲûӦֱ۶аЦ𣬻˵ǸɹϾɱǽ죬ҲԸһɱֻⳡɱһ򡣡
˫һתͲΧκһ˷ӦֱӾǸˣ̵һָ˵֮ǰҸæУҾͰװˡ
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Ρ
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ɱɣɱɣץңǾͱ뽫еֶȫʩչ
һŭˣ˹ȥ
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һ޴ıըΧĽȫˣܶˣȫڵϣһĽѹ
ѪˮЩûˣ˵ˣΨһģˡ
һ𣬻һϮըأӵأһûѾϰٺˡ
뵱Ͼɱʮйͬ˵ձЩˣʵ̫٣̫ˣĿģҪ˸ͬʱҲҪԼ˽սͬʱձ
ɼսͲǵССܳܵ˵ģȻûκΪֻĴڣȻܸ˶սǾ˵ڵǵɼ
磬һɵܲסܳܵסɼأһĴˣǾͲһձˣҲ˵˶ʱҪ˫ƺãƻֻձڣܲĹȥй


2514 νն죡
Ѿױŭˣȫȫ˳ȵɼܿƵĻǾԽ糹׻ٵϾֻȵϺĴ½ıɽһǣûǿ֧ţܳܵסɼĳ
۵ı飬˿Ҳ˱仯ʮֵ˷ܣеСɡҲѾԱߣһѶ̵ߵĵһ壬˱ĵһЦ֮䣬ڵȻڷŴȵı仯һ仯Ҳ˴оţ
⣬⻹𣡡
˼ֱͲԼ۾̫˼ˣССѾͷֵܵסԼɼĳϵı仯š
壬ܻᷢ˵ת䣬Ȼ仯Ϊһڵ˫ɫҲӺɫΪ˰ɫϵļ⿪ʼϵƤʼήͷ¶

һɭֲֿЦʹһƬֻŵС
ƣپۼһ׵磬ȫأⶫеĵһ𣬵£׵һһ𣬽ĳǱ߿Ҹ׵磬ȫۼ˱ϡ
ô£⵽׷ʲô£
ԽԽˣ壬һҶͬĴڣֻبδǰˣ棬ȴκ١
죬˵ʵ˱˵ˣû
Ҹ׵磬Ѿȫۼ˱ȫҸ׵磬ۼ˱ı

ֻ˿ڵı׵磬ңȻڱıγֻһֻ׵һֻҳ

׵ֻȱʮʮĳȻӶ
ܣǡô
ȥηѾͷС涼ûУ
СģûΪûС棬ֻǵӵˣȻûС棬ǾͲѽ
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˷Ӧּ巢ǿҵı仯ͬʱüȫ˷ۼһɵۼģǴӵ֮ۼġ
ܣѾӡѾͷȻԴӵ֮ۼǡ
˶ˣ֮ǿ̫˲˼ˡ
ৡ
һɫĹâн˱ڣѾű仯壬Ȼһ𣬺֮

ɣ֮ô۵֮
ɣʿ
棡
ʿȻܱʿûôҲûӴôۣôܱʿġ
壬һˣ񻹲ءϽģͬȫɡ
䣬Ҳ˷ӦӰһһ˫Ҹ׵γɵĳ򣬿һˣѾ˰յָһһָԼϷһü۵ģˣҲèèŶȫҹ
˫Уһ׹⣬һʱâγͨӣֱӳƲ㡣
ֻյߴʮͻ֣ȫ߳
飬顭
·ʮʯ׹䣬ȫ䵽˵Χÿһ˵ĳ֣ǿޱȵ
ɣɣмɣһ߼ɣһʮɣͬʱ˵Χ
Ѿͷ̫죬֮󻼡ɱ⡣
һŮˣҲΨһһ߼ɣ۷ɵŮ˵
ɱѾͷȷ̫˵㣬ɱˣʵ̫ϧˡȻѾǾңɡ
һȥСѧĶͯվ˳ҲòȥɱЩ˿ʺϲģͯȴһмɣ
ͯһͷһʮ䵶ɢϢ
Ԫء
ͯкһԪߡ
ͯȻȤǾսپɡ̷֮塣
ǡ
ͯϴս⣬һԾѾ˱ǰ֮
Сã治ɱ㡣ȻǾ㲻áɡ
Ǳ仯壬ûɵԭĸԡ
С磬Ҫɱңһǰ첻ġҽ㻹ǽЩ壬һɣĻһɱŶ
ŵСãȻˣǾͱҲˡ
ͯ䵶Ѿʣϴ󺰵ɣ߱
ԭԪŶû˲ģһӵߴԪأԪǾ͵۸㡣ðɣҾȽ֮ٻŶ
ûκεĶǻ֮˼ıͯԼĶ䡣
Сã˼˵ҿ㲻
ƴǿҵġɣϣȫɡ
ͯ˶һ£ʵô֪һϣ
ǳڵ˵Ȼ̽ҸãķȫһԼҲûİգһ𣬾ģӦûеİɡ
ʾ㣬һѻҹ⵶УȴûгͯȥһֱӾͳ߿ȥ

νն졭ӡҡơ
棡
㽶ϵģ
õǡ
նν


2515 ˼ʻ
֮⣬ǿͬ㣬Χȫ
ǿܶȸһǸ߼һͽ۷ľ硣
һķӡӣӷŮſһı
һɫ·һͷɫĳŷʵò겻ֱչֳ߼
ߣһ濴ȥԼʮӣӲûдǿ֮¶òϴʲôɫ·
ôˣôŮӷ籾ǿĻҲһ˱̬ŮͣӵûмһܽһеΪã֮ڣǾԲڵġ
˫΢΢תߵǿ⣬ʵ˼ǣСޣпģ
ܣΪֻħˣһҪħѪŻûм
ѵǡħˣ󾪣˵ħǿɾˣħ˳ӷŮⶼʲôʲôѽ
ܣԲħˣħ˵ΣҲֻȳ̶ȡ
ħ˵Ļǻǡ
ҵĲ²⣬СѾͷӦĳλܵתҸħ˻ǶģҲתΪӷŮãλܵתתĹӦǷʲô⣬ǰȫˡֻǸȫµˣҲ޷ȥƿǰӵеԣɳ֮ǰȥͼпܻΪħ˵Ŀǡ
ȷܣҪħΪУħ˵Ѫ˵ȷħɼвԳְɡ
ţȥɡ⣬ȻСѾͷǾͱҪץסһȥ֮ǰеŮˣץ
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棬һʮ壬ѾʼˣϾ棬پΪ˶ˣٷʲô£˭֪һϰٺŵѪһγɱ
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ŵߣһУɹţŰΧסˡ
Ф֩뼸˵ı֮£˵ŵм䣬ͷ£֩ڱըһ̣Ф˵Фûܵκε˺
ФС㣬ӣǲٱˡֻܿԼܣǰɱһѪ·Լܡ
УôܶǲܣԼһġ
ģЩѪȻǰǿ࣬ǻӦģֻ̫࣬Ҫʱ䣬ʱڸû취㣬ֻԼˡ
ҡ
ʲô˵ˣ˺Ծץģһñû취ȴֲֶܿ飬ַץ㡣㱻ץˣǾͻȥвǸʱΣգͬΣյġ
پ˵ûͻȻôˣܻǳģ򣬳ҷӦõõϢˣ
ǺãԼСһ㣬ҪңӾǡ
Сˮ̫ˣȥûġ
Фܲô࣬Ȼپǲ⣬ԼͲܴǣҪԼӳȥ
ˣǰǽϸϹ
ФͷҲᣬӲܻأ֪ٶˣԼҲܱץΪԼĹϵ˳ӷѽ
ܣФΨһѡ񣬺ڣپǼҲΪФһ·ǰѪˣȫնɱˡ
һƣͷǱФպþͳƷȥ
ʱ򣬾ȻгФ󺰵ͷǰΣա
ౡ
һФ¡һըФ嵹ڵأȫˡ
ǰĳѾФǰֹͣ
Ŵ򿪣ϲû˵ФҲܲģϳ⳵ӦòѪˣ³ץԼˡ
ϵͷ㣬ǰкܶµĶ
Фڳĺ棬ûʱȥʲôˡ
ԱߵҲ˵ֻ΢΢˻֣̿ʼͷ
Фֻſ׷Ѫˣϸעһ³ڵĻͻ֣ᷢ⳵ڣԼߵ֮⣬û˴ˣ˾ûУԼģ˼ʻĳ


2516 ɱ
Ѫ˵ԽԽ࣬پôɱɱꡣ
һһĳɱţ챻ٵˣѪǵĿФϣɵƻҪǿϼʮǧٱ
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Фһżûȥܳڵˣֻǿųⷢıը
˼ʻĳһת䣬šɲپ˴󾪣ȫФĳǱ߳ȥȴڰ·ϣһȺѪ赲
ץסǸŮˣȰըˡ
ǴͷѪһּü⣬ͬʱ˼ʻĳ˹ȥ
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پڸ޷ȥФЩѪʵ̫ѲˣնɱͬʱѪ˳
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˼ʻĳһУһҵıըһըţһ롣
ҪץģǸŮ˸ըˣô˽
һ˳嵽ͷѪǰǿ治֪ôǸǸ˽ˡ
ˣ̫嶯ˡϽȥǸŮûС
ֻǸͨˣһûУıըпܻ𡣡
ѽФͨˣıըͲдĿԡ
پ˼ФĳըҲ֪ôӷ罻ˣΨһģǽЩѪͳͳɱ⣬ȻϸȥǱߣФ£ɲñκˣƴһҲñܵκ˺
ৡ
ʱ򣬾پˣеĵˣΪФը֮ͻȻǱըĳȻ漣Ŀʼָԭ̬ըķѵĳͷ·νհ㣬Ȼ¸ϣ
⣬ô£òۻ˰ɡôܻᡭ
ãǿĵ˳ˡȫۼȥǼСˣۼе׼ԷǰǿС
Ѫˣȫۼһϣγʮʮƣÿһˣе˳
ѾԭĳڣФͲ֪ղŷʲô£ΪըĹϵñըȴһҲûС
ڸղţһΰФҲΪǿФ޷ܣ˿Ѿѣ״̬˫ľʼģ壬ǰֵˣȴФһַĵ˷ܸУ
ӡ磡
Фǰģˣģ˹ȥ
ФߵˣķڳϣһѪסˡ
촰˿ӳڣһǿѪ⣬ϡ

һ˫޴ɫҹ֮лӶţԲԲһ߼֮ƣһŭеѪˣȫĵ˵ϣپˣҲɵɵĿҹǱԭ֮ˣǳһ˫ˡ
Ѫ֮棬ա
ҹ֮ˣһɲ֮䣬Ѫ忪ʼΪѪҺһһεģҹȥÿһ˵壬ڿʼʧ
⣬ⲻܣ㵽ʲôˡ
ͷѪܵɲ˼Բڵġ
ңӷ硣
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ӷĻ漰ʱФѵʱ֣㣬Фûˡ
ӷֱȥǿǸģԷڶűӷоӵǿ󣬶ʱ֮ǲΣյģʮͬʱֵĻһӦľ֮ǰҲκ⣬ԣӷȵФˣҲ֪پǼˣ޷ֵסԴԴϵѪˣФ£ǳӷ治֪ôĸĸѽ
ӷ硣ôܻ㡣˲˵ںΪʲôڵ򣡡
ŶȻ֪ңӦþǰԸĵ֮һˡ
ӷ磬㲻Ҫ֪˭ֻҪ֪˭ˡںǱ̫ţ˲Ż²ߵġ
ˣʲôţʣֻ߲Żõġ嵹ǺãֱӾܵҼץˡȻˣǾͱƽ뿪ҿ֮һӦþɡҴ֮󡭡
ӷ绰δ䣬Ȼ֣һѪ磬ֱӴϾţеѪˣ֮䣬ȫ
ӷɱֶΣپȫסˡ
ζѽλȻǿ˱̬ĵزǱߣһôĵطȻͳǿ
ǡ
پûʱǶ˵Ǳ߻һӲսңߵұ뾡ϴС뿪ȫȥǱүүڣӦûᰲȫһ㡣
ǣϴФСȥǡ֪ûʱǶ˵ģǺܿ죬Ҳȥġ
֪ǵΪҲˣǵȷûʧŲҪãҾںĴ½ˣǸʱҲһȫµսһȵ磬ǰԵĻҪսӣɳĴռ䣬硣
⣬ӷŭ֮磡


2517 
һ죬ֱӾͽķӡƳˣ
Ҫ֪ķӡԲµģ֮ǿǿ֪ģӷӺĹʱ޷׿֮ţҪȸŻصɱȴһͽӡƵǳ׵Ƴ˵˵ǰ㣬Բͨܰ㵽ģޣҲӵ˹Ψħˣд˵
ѵ˵ǰ㣬ĳλתˣڳ˵˵νһ֪ľ޴вѽ
Ȼκ飬ģҲܱʲôˣʲôתԣҲڽħĶԾУ𵽹ؼԵҲһ
ڣһ֮ʮɣ˵һɳˣɼȻѾ˸ɱˣҲͲܹ⿴Ųܣһĸ߼ʱ֣һΣ̫Σˡ
ǱͯȥǸСѧһͷ֤ͣɸ̲ͬѽΪʲôµģͣҪʣͿ֪
ǿ
ͯһ˫۾Ŀű̫ԾˣʵͯЩɣȫɵһۣ
µķӡȻѾͷһ͸ˣѾͷ𣿡
⣬ĴڣǶȻһ޴ΣաͯһˣͲɱӣǻһ֣սپɡ
˵ûʱ򣬲һְɡ
ĵȫһС޲һҲη壬һʮ˷ܵӣԭ۵ҲѾаааһЦ˵Ҫһ˰Ҿ˵𣬾һˣҲҴԲѵ˵ҪɱңһȺ֪ߵغļһ

ʮĴȫ𣬶ʱ֮䣬ͽΧ
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˫֮Уһһۣ䵶ͬʱӳʮɸܵһͳͳٴκˡ
ͣҲҴҼҴԲѵ˵ҪɱңҿǸ޻صġɱ۰¡

ѽ۵ɱУӷҲֻܴʥѧɱֱӾͻˣ·ͻƵġ

˴һһɣɣֵסģҪӲƴĻǾġ

ʮ⣬ͬʱ˷ɢȥͬʱ߿֮УһǿޱȵĹâȻһ̧ͷаЦҲʼ仯ˣ
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˵ʮɣȫͣסӣǳµǿ⣬ÿһˣȫǵȶ򣬹ˡ
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˼С˵һ㶼ûʮˣȫǵɼ𣬾Ȼ˼Сһо͸ȫˡǶ档ͳͳ£
ʮɫ԰ףۣǻ˵ʲôʲôأֻǹԹԵĺһ

ڳֵͬʱʵһͬһǿѪ˹һɭɭǱ˸ģԼġ˲ѽȻܵҼץҵŮˣҵŮͳͳˡ
ŶģʲôˣСŮѵǡ

ӷ֮䣬˱ǰ壬ֱӽȫ
һ£߼ȫ˳ӷϡ
Ĺ֮ѪԪءɡ
ӷ֪߼ʵ㱬Ҳһ߼ռ˿˵ģϾͻС޷ȫƿأҲᾭľˣ
ǻĹ֮ѪԪأҪӷҲûӲƴԻĹ֮ѪԪأɵ
ŶԭˣߴԪ֮׾ȻǿˣҶ˷ĻĹ֮ȻҲӵУѹҶ˷ںӷ磬ֶΣܵССĵץˡòϣˢӣΪߣȴǿĿ£
Ѿ˳ӷǰ˵ɾǿΣΪҵĲ̫涯ҲҵĶ֡
ӷЦһ˵Ϊ룬һ̫߹Щ߼ˣ


2518 Ʋ񷣡
ģԽڵĻڣĻȫѾƵˣʲô
ʲô£Ϊʲôûˣ
׳Ͻ˼һ£һͨѶ豸⡣
Զɽ˵ˣ豸⣬ǶǱߵ̫ǿϵͳѾٵˡ޷Ǳ飬ڶʱ֮ڣҲκεϢ
òҪ˶ɣ
Զɽû˿Ĳ˵ǱĻҲǡĵģձҪ֪ڹϵܲȶǵõЩηɴ֮ϢѾй©˳ȥȹңЩηɴ⣬ʱ򣬷˹ʾףǽ죬ĵӾ͸ˡ
ԽĶͷ˻ƶĺΣ˵ɣձɲУгڱάȫƽ⣬һһңһŮģ¸Ͳȶ
ҪһңǱĻӦûῼǵ̵ĵߣģҲڶһˡҵġ
ֻҪձһа취θжղ˵㵣ʲô
죬ˣǻһȫûеߵɷѽ
Խɫһ䣬˼˵ۣӷ硭
ţղǹͻȻ֮䱬ģһ֮ҶԱȴûд˳̶ȡû´Ļղϵͳ̱ҪԭӦǵгһӦ˵ͬʱӷ磬ˡ
ӷˣ
˵ӷ粻ںôʱˣѵǱߵѾˣˣҲˣ
ڳЩ쵼ˣһɫҪѿжѿ
ۣӷ磬ɶһڵ磬ķˣȫˣɱǵŮŮ治֪Ǹôµ顣
׳ҽ飬֪ͨȫÿһңиǣǧҪ򣬳ҸһƲס˭ͷ˭
Խҡҡͷ˵ӷûлҲҿ϶ҿԱ֤ǣûл
ѽûлûУ㣬ԽܾԵĿ϶ˣԸ˵ǲܵȥģԼŮΣգҲֱܹȥԽģΪ۾ˣǳҵۻԴӷǰ㣬κεֱ̣ӳְΣгɳ
ۣǾһӷ硣ӷǸо˵£ŻġһҲ֤һ¡
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ʱʲô첻ˡڣѾӡƳˣҳҵѾȫϻˣռӷڶǱߵֵǲ̫ġ
ģӷԳ⣬һֻǵɵ㣬һȴǸ߼ʵϵ⣬Ѿ˵һսǲܴģǳӷ縸Ů֣Ҳܽ򵹣Ǳضġ
Ȼӷֲɵӣ֮ǰû뵽Ȼɳ߼һһΪӷоڵ֮⣬һ߼û´ĻǸӦþˡ
ڣĿǰΪֹǸûҪֵģɳһ߼Ѿĵˣһ磬Ҫ߼ĻҲûûˡ
أˣˡ
ֻһӷĻӷһ±ЦѾͷҲ̫˰ɡһ˶Ըôˣ㲻ˡ
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򲻹ôأ
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ȻܲˣǾƴɡ
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ӷ罫ԱߵĽһֱӸȥ
վһ֮ϣĳӷ⣬ҲûҪˡ
ؼͣһҪŶ
ӷЦһԼڵĳ̶ȣҪһ߼ǾԲܵġ
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𣡳֪ǿ񷶦ûвǿġڵΪ̫ףҪӲƴĻãռʲôô𣿡
һ߼ӲƴռκεĺôҪɱңҲǲܵġ
Ȼ֪Խ첻ûлǵĿ궼㡣
Ů𣿡
Ȼǧһ޴ĺѽŲ壬Ҷңɳġ
Ȼ֪ҵŮǻɱ治֪˵ʲôˡѾ˵飬ҲѾˣǽ쵱Ů棬Ϊ׵ģܲܶӰɣȻ£ҳӷҲϣǰͬôҶŮǰκһˡһ飬λйɣԵĻҶ˷Ҳйһʶһ£ʲôСƲ񷡣
ʲô
ɫһ䣬Ӳ԰ױΪࡣ
Ʋ񷣡
ڿЦİɣӷҪƲ񷣡
˼壬Ʋ˼ǽ񷶦ֱ񷶦񷶦ը˵Ǹ߼۷壬ħҲûյֵסɣ
ӷ磬ѵҪƲ񷣬Ǿ͵Իٲ񷶦û˲񷶦ԺʲôǶ
ҵ£ûκιϵֻһ仰Ů棬ҽһ֮ƴɱǱƲ񷶦Ĺ֮ߴԪأ֮ҽͳͳƳǻ磬ΪŮģ⣬Ҳϧ


2519 磡
ڻǲһӷķ񷱬ƣټϻĹ֮ѪԪأ֮Ǻǿ֪ġ
ڸô죿ϣǲϣ
ֻʶ֮£¾
֮Ҳû뵽ᷢ飬û뵽ǣӷȻںǱ߲ܣܻص
Ҫ֪ڿǳӷҶ˷Ļս֮ڣҲΪؼʱ̣Ҷ˷Ǳǿ׳ӷȴ˵ӷӦҪ뾡һа취еĸʵŶԣôصأңӷô֪ԼҪģ⻹ˣ
⣬ǳӷ磬ҪɱŮô
ǱƴȫԼˣҲκ˵Ůֺ
ǾͶˣģӷͬġȻӷû㹻ĵƸ̣ôƴҲûõġɲ񷶦֮һȻڲ񷶦ûȫɳûɳɳ֮ǰҲΪĳЩԭƻģһɲ񷶦񷱬ƣҶ˷ǵȻĹ֮ؾ磬Ҳֵסɡ
ֱӽ񷶦Ҳֱӻ˲񷶦ֱӾģ˵ֻǸҲֵס
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̾˿ӣ˵֮ǰˣûץӷвסˣΪҪǣӷвԼ޷ҷ
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΢˼ϵıеƣ˵Ҫ𣿵أˣǣݺݴǡ
ЦһѾͷʱѽ֪ԼҪˣȴʱ󺰴еģһӷԼߣ֮ƴˡ
֮飬ǵҶ˷˵ɡеʱ䣬Ҳ㣬ħˣôͳֵġ
𡣡
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ҵļ磬˵˵߾ߵġﵱʲôطˡ
ӷȫʢ⺰ȫˣ˳硣ǲ֮
ˣͬ𣿡񷶦塣

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ڵ磬ӷ˵ûκεİ֣֮£Ҫ߼ǳ֣Ψһİ취ֱӽ񷶦
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ӷЦǰɣԣҲԲǣӲӲƴΪһҲһġ
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֣ܵҼҪɱŮ˵߾ߣ˵ҹ֡ʲôѽ
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ֶֻҶ˷ϲһ㶼ںǿԲӣһҪŮӡߣԣλˣȫŮϹǸҾͷߣ£û
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ϹǸһС޾ϹǸҪһϹ
ŭӷ磬㲻Ҫ̫ˣ
˵һ䣬ǾšˣҶ˷һսֱӷˣֻв֣Ժеǻֻɽ£ܾˡ
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ɽܵĿûдﵽǱӷ˵ϷŪóܡ
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ס֡

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һ̫ˣ˵һᱻҶЦġ
һͷ෢ųӷ磬һ鶼ûУǱ仯ִͲбˡ
Ҳǳμ档壬硣
磡
ʲôǵڸȡֵʱǲǶõѽһҶ˷磬һ硣㽶ϣ


2520 ֮
ڳӷļϣһֻССָ磬ŴЦۣۡؽгӷ磬ҶǸҶ˷磬硣ǲأ
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⻰˵ĺ⣬ޣȻ֪С֣ӣ˵ѽһĳλܵתֻǱߵĴܣ֮ڵĴܣ㣬ɾͲһ˵ġ
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⻰Ц˵ģΪܲܶԱĺӶְɣȻ˵˼άȥǣΪҶ˷ͬһݵģҲҪһ·
ӷЦһ˵Ů˵Ļ˵ĻĻܷҳҵһüͷûʸ֮ݺᡣ
ݺ磿ĿȻ鴫ѽңҶңɶû˵ݺĻһǵһġȴǴ磬Ҷ˷綼ѾԳˣӣ㻹ǸѲĽɫ
ٸҷϻķϣҲΪǡÿ˾ϹһҾ͵ʲôû
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绹ǸȻµǰ΢΢һ䣬ǾϹȥ
ÿһ˵ɫķǳѿҲǷӦһ˵ŮӣѾˣҲû˰ɡȻҽ첻ϹҲıƲ񷶦ģֻǼһøףŻò飬Ҳһΰˣ´μ棬֮䣬ƴһɣҲţ´μʱʵңҶ˷翹ˡ
ѾʧˣҲҪȥϹʲôģΪ磬ͿԴˣһ˾Ϲ͵Ϲˡ
´μ棬ʵҶ˷翹⣿
Ҫ֪磬Ǹ߼Ҷ˷磬ȴֻǳӷأǸɰˡ
ӣ磬ǿóӷҶ˷ӷв񷶦Ҷ˷дĻĹ֮ǻĹŻһַֻпܺΪһĴڣô磬ӵʲôԼ𣿲ԼˣӦ峤Բ硣
ӷ˿̸оһ˿˿ģӣھϹ֮Ҳӷһ
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Ѿ𣬿ųӷǳԾı飬˵ӷ磬Ĳ񷶦ŵ߱䣬ڰ˱䶼һκܳľ롣Ҷ˷磬ҪĹŻںϣҲһʱ̵飬ĳ˵Ҷ˷磬ӵһʵȴֻӵһ롣ĸоûͬӵʲôҪ²⣬ҲҪ룬Ӧú˰ɡ
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ĶԼߣֻв񷶦ʥ޼ļȫڵ˵Ϊǿĵˡ
ҪħԿͱҪۼڿҪۼͱɱĸˣĸǣҶҶ˷磻峤硣
أǺĹŶԿ϶ǸһһǺĹˡ
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Ĵ½Ĵ½ǻĹŻγɵģĹŻ类Ҷ˷ãǾ鷳ˡ
֪ӷʲôһ˵أ㲻õģҶ˷ĵõ˻ĹŻ磬Ҳ׼һֻĹŻ磬άֺĴ½ġֻ˵Ļ磬ЧôãĴ½˵ᷢתģͬһǿߣһ߰㣬ֱ½һ룡


2521 Ůͬ磡
Ҷ˷ȻǿĹ֮ĻĹ֮ѾΪˣǿĻǿһôĳ̶ȣ
ӷ翴űȲܱô֪Щµģ񣬾Բſڿӣ
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أ˵ĶģǱոոоġҪ֪ĸоǺ׼Ŷûġ
ְֲ˵ĸо⣬ֻǱоķˡ
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Ҷ˷粢ǿĹ֮ںϻĹŻ硣
ںϻĹŻ磿Ҳ˵Ҷ˷볹׵õĹŻˣϾҶ˷ˣҶԻĹŻģںϻĹŻ磬ҲǺġ
ӷףΪʲôҶҪԻĹ֮ĹŻˣĿĺԣҪһӣҪõĹŻ磬óӷ޷ۼ
Ҷ˷磬žղŵҲһĸףͬѺĹռΪУøԵĶӣÿһˣõ
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Ҷ峤۷壬ͬʱӵһҲһ۷ͬʱӵʥ޼Ҷ峤ٵõһĻǵȻ˳ۣ
ȻֻΪ˳ۣҶ峤ֶԸ۾ˣǲûԭһҶ峤໥֮ĹϵãԷȥԸֻۣҪ۷治ͬʱҶңΪеĻ˫ͲڵڶΪħĹϵҶ峤ħǰ֤Լǿ󣬵Լһ˵Ϳ޵У˭ȵõ˭ȴۣܳǱ޵еĴڣħʱҲΪħµһݴͣ
أ˵ǵĿֻΪ˲ۼô
ҾۼΪҪģүү
үүүүǲܱܵŶ
˭ȵõǿ˵ˡУұϻȥ뾡һа취ֹҶ˷ĹŻںϣ磬ӦòŵõĹһֻǲŵõľһѣʱ㣬ҪȫõҶ˷ҲΪʲô絽ڣûֱȥĴ½ԭСȫõĹ֮ǰңҶ˷ΪԵĹϵ
ǵأϻȥɣңһġ
ӣҪְһȥˡҶ˷ʮԼսְߵʵܶĹҶ˷ģֻҪлᡣȻΪҪǣҶ˷ְֵʮԼսĿģҪְ֣ܰɱ̳ڵʮˣоͰ衣
ʲôѾ˺Ĵ½𣿶Ҷ˷绹ɱԭ£Բκ˺ģ˵Ҷ˷磬ҶҲܡ
Ǻãξ͸ְһȥ㲻ֱӹȥҲκ֪ȥˣΪ㲻ҪȥսҶ˷ˣֻҪ赲Ҷ˷˴Ǳչ֮ؾͺˡ
Ȼпȸӷ绹ǲ̫ĵģϾ˭Ҳܱ֤Ҷ˷һ֮⣬û˻ȥ̳
˿ȸټϱҪ赲Ҷ˷˴̳аնˡ
ҪǴкˣһʶ֪ͨҵ˵ġǾȥĴ½
ŶŶϹȥҪЩ䲻Ļ쵰ϡá
ķ档
ԽѾ֪ˣԿ϶ǣӷѾˣűӦòΣա
ôùȥˣΪʲôһϢûС
Զɽ˵ûϢǺϢӷŮ˵ҪձֻǾ֮飬Ȼһ㶯ûУǾ֤ձûʲô⣬һġ
һˣӻ߽˵үӣѾƽˣеѪҲȫϢˡ˺Ѿ뿪ˡ
Ŷɵĺáȥӷ
үӣǲûиоκϢϢȴʧˡ
Խ켱ȥѽ
Զɽ˵ˣϷû´ĻӷһǴűȥˡ
ʲôЦôӷôܰôΣյĵطȥ
죬ҲҪһӷںǱʲô鷳ŻҪȥӦġұҲ֪ģһˣ˲˱
ôĸףôĶӡҿѽòһŮСӸˣ
Ц˵ϱѽ㲻ҪģǱߣµġ
ۣţǲ֪£ͲףҪͲ˾޷ճССĵֵôȥ治֪ҶӸŮΣ


2522 ȷˣʵ
۸ӷ·ȫͬ˵ߵּˡ
£ͷ򲻵ѵʱǲóӷ֪ġɳӷȴһʼͽеһȫ߱ǳ۸ӷĲ֮ͬ
Ȼò˵۵ȷһεˣΣȴһ˿еţκ֪ԽôҲԼΪѸԽģҲ㣬ǳ۵ĳ֮ɣҲⷽ棬ΪˣΪⷽ棬ӷϲϳۣɼȻˣһ죬ӷϳۣԽ۵ġ
Ψ񷶦ģʽģģǿģʽġڣҶ˷磬ûȫӵһҲ˵ˣǱǵĸõĹߣȫӵ֮Ͳܻˣȫӵͬһʱ䣬Ϊֱ۷壬ȻǸûסǵҲһס
ν飬Ҷ峤Щ˵ͲȫħˣԸ񣬻棬඼ǲͬġ
򣬵һôĵطһôĴڣĿǰλã۶֪ܱ֪һɣΪҲп˵ǰ㣬ħ˴תģڵı˵ʲôתǰһУԶǵˡ
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ʱ䣬ڳӷÿһ˵ΪؼĴڣû֪ħʲôʱڳӷԣһʱвҶ˷˵ҲҪʱģʱ䣬ҲǳҪҪõȫĵõڳӷű֮ǰõ
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˹ĳ֣һҶ˷֪ˣһģԣӷڻش󱱲֮ǰȽŵطȥˣ̳Լսһֱӹȥ
磬ڻˡȥˣǱôˣ
죡
ӷһ˵磬Ȼ˰ʱ䣬ڵ磬ҲֻСʱˣӣ֮ͨŵʱʱ䡣
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ƴţʵ˵ǳ
ûʨˣǵĺܾûˡڲŲ߱䣬ûеʨܵ£ܵű䣬򣬲ҪħˣǾ·һ
ҰڵֿųֻҪǱ߲⣬֮žͲ򿪡ʱڣǸû취ȥֹҶ˷ΨһģԼʵ
˵֮ǳ˿Լ֮⣬˭ܿ
ûܿģԼҶ˷绹磬Ҷ峤ħǶֻܿԼ
˶٣ӷ˵ĵˣҶѾ֪ˣҶ˷磬ºҶ峤ӭսħֵǣŬɣ̳ս֮ÿһˣٶȵľ硣ȻҲԲ񷶦Эǵġ


2523 ɼս
ƣ򣬰ɼҼڣȫڹעӷҶ˷Ļս
ĶѾʼˣֻϧѽλ񻹲Ҷ˷ġ
ɼڣɼˣȫѾˣ
ͷ׷ߣһɫӣһȣձģɼμľۡ
վľߵģɴ粽ԱߣȻɺʯˡ
ɼƵĻҼ岻ͬ壬һഫģûνֵܽãÿһˣֻһ̳ߣҲɼһɣǲҪ˭Ϊ˾ֻһ㾡ȫ֮ȥġ
ɺʯһ˿ǲģҲʯƳ˷֮˵ɼˣɺʯǺ⣬Ҳ֪Ҷ˷ԼӣԼĶӣ໹̫Զˣ
ȻϾҶ˷ʱͱɺʯҪ߳࣬ɺʯֻɼˣҶ˷磬ȴҶĶӣڸڵӪУϾźܴԵ
Ҷ˷ʵȻɼ˶ûۼ֤ȴ֪Ҷ˷ҶԻĹ֮ͳģϣܾ֤Ҷ˷ʵ
Ҷ˷Ѿ½ҳӷȥˣⲻķ˵Ҷ˷ʤ㣬ҪȳӷࡣȻ֮ǰ½ǱߴϢ˵Ҷ˷ڳӷֵ³˿£ھ˵ǳӷ£ֻһСֶΰˣ
ף˵ûӷԲҶ˷Ķ֡ɲ˭˭Ӯɼ˵Ǽĺ¡ΪūѾɼļƻѾɹˡ
ɴ粽̾˿ԼɼŻˣҲϵİû뵽ؼʱ̣ūȻɹ硣
ľ˵Ƶȫڱչأ۷壬ʱǲֱӸκεĺô״ģؼڳӷҶ˷硣һӷ˺⣬ǿūһģҶ˷ҪǣҲһġ
ԣΪҪģǿĺϷǱҪʲôУ̳֮սϣɼ壬Ҫֽţе̫˳ˡ
ľ۱˱۾˵ʯʵѾָˣһһ¥үүҲҪչأγؾҪ㼸¡
ɺʯЦһ˵үүף֪뽻ʲô£ЩҲõģһõġֻڳӷ磬λ̫Сˡ
ľ۸ɴ粽໥һۣѽɺʯ֮ǰ֮ԻῪ֮ţΪ𣬲ΪӷĹϵ𣬿˵ߣΨһһӷ罻֣ŵģֻɺʯһˣ
˼˵ӷпܻҶ˷֮ϣ
ʲô棬ӷ綼Ҷ˷֮ϣүүףǱˣӷǲ񷶦Ų񷶦ܷչһôĳ̶ȣ˭޷֤ʵһΣ֮Իڳӷ³ԿΪӷĻǸ̫أ̫ˡ
ǿΪ磬ŴһУЩνıƣͷֻẦԼҲΪʲôôɼҰģҲûֵ̫Ҫԭ򡣡
үүҿһε̳֮սӷδػ䣬Ҷ˷磬ܻĺܲҡ
˼ǡ
ʵүүûҶ˷ΪʲôҪѡ̳Ϊӷ֮ս
ɺʯôһ˵ľҲпܴʲô⣬Լû뵽ĵط
ʯʲô뷨Ļ;˵ɡ
ǣүү룬Ҷ˷һεĿģܲǳӷ硣ΪҶ˷˵ҪԸӷеʱ䣬ûҪڸյ½ʱ͸ӷʲôԼս
ŶãҶ˷Ŀʲô
̳˵̳½Ȩƺģβ񷶦ӳֵĵط˵̳֮ڣʲôҶ˷ҪĶ
ɴ粽ʵʯ˼˵Ҷ˷ӷһսֻһڶѣд㣿
ûҲţӷһҲѾ㣬ȴǽҶ˷ֿ֤̳֮ڵĶӷҲܸȤ
ϵǰ㣬̳ڵĶɼ˵Ҳ𵽴áʯϴʮǰ½һҪ̳Ҷ˷ӷ
ʮ͸ʮһǵ۷ǿߣҲɼ߱սһ֧顣ʮβͬǣʮȫˡ
үүҪʮһҪһλһͬǰȥ
ľû˿ԥҲڣ
ৡ
ֻһӰľߡ
кηԸ
Ҳʯȥһ½
ǣˡ


2524 þɲ
ѩǵգͻȻһЩһ֮ǰ˷ۼģ
֮ϣһӰ֣ЩӰȫΧһֵĽΧ￴ȥ˼ƻһǳϣȴɢһʮǿ
ѩǵϿͻȻĶаˣʹѩڵȫڹϣûκԤ׵֮·飬Ǿͼпǵˡ
죬̳սӣս֮ǰ£ѩǵɲʮֵľ񣬿µȳӷ󣬾ֵԼˣԣңǵڼȫеҪгֵİˣֵĽ赲
ڣ̸۵Ѿչؼʱ̣˵ǰһŮ˵ӰŮ˵ӰҲӵǿϸһȻǵɼ
⣬ǳӷ
̸裬ڲô۵£ԵıѾǿںϵĵزϢҲѾں֮ˣںʱ䣬ʱڣԲܳκ⣬ͽ·һǲôۣҲֻΪ̸軤ˣʲôˡ
˿̣ô˫һУ⣬ͷȻһתķ򣬳һĻӣڣѩϿյ
ˣСӺһսѾЩСȫˡ
ʵϲ£
۵Ĳ£ѾȫɱˣЩСӣǱЩϲµҶûǷûиϾɱΪӷСһʡ
ЩСӵʵҲûȫںĴ½ǸƤСӴӺǸۼġ
ȫںĴ½ǵ汲ǵܱסҲһģܻΪԭ򣬱ɱġ
Щǹؼؼý
ôۺԺϲ񷣬֪걾ΪģɲǱ۵ô
û´ĻôӦɵİɣ
Ȼû۵ôɵģһǽǧѹΪһ壬ŽôġȻô걻ҶٵֻʣһСˣɱţӷСӣһܴһСֵĽõôģΪô۳⣬㼯ǿߵС棬деɣЩһȫǱ۵°ܽ
ãֱʻ治һĴѽǧ磬ǿߵС棬Ϊ˽һЩȫۼһ֮˵㵱Ҳܵôˡ
ܶʱҪɢġ걾ݺûһȹ̵Ӫأ׾ͻᱻ˹ơ
˵Ҳû𻹸оĵȱĹӦôĺİɣ
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ڳӷվҵϷ߿гֵȱôţҵʺϲô۵ʵ壬ΪǣԼ͵ֱӶǿѽԼǴġ
Ҫȥʲôطʺϲô۵ʵأӣֻˣҪʺǵʵ壬ǹǲ̫ܵģҲﲻõЧʵ岻ǿλҲָܻ硣
ȷ²ô۵ⲻ˵룬ӷ翴ۼѾ¶Цݣ˵Ҷ˷磬ҸµһڣڿԶˡ
䣬ӷһָգߺƤɡ
ৡ
ৡ
ϰٵ⣬ͬʱɣлƴţˣȫۼ֮⡣
ӷӰһǰɵóҪսʱ򣬳ӷһߺȫ£Լˡ
Լˣ
ЩǴģôȥһô֣ޣȴû޵ϢҲ̫ѽģһĹ̥㣡һЩǻ˳ëһԳӣеͷϳŽǣϻƬеͷеͷеͷеͷмüӣⶼʲôѽ


2525 ս̳
ƤЩˣޣҲ࣬ǾĽںˣ彥ͬеĸദˣͱĸ
ɲôӷоĵЩУкüǵɼģҲкܶി۷ģƤҲѾǵɾˣ治֪ʱ侭ʲôԭĶ쾳磬Ȼô̵ʱڵ˵ɾ磬ڳӷ֮ϣѾǵмˣЩΪߵһ
˫΢תӷ翴ȱô˵ѵڵЩ˵ΪǱĻں֮⣬Ϊǲ˵ľġ
ƴţˣȫɵĿƤˣÿһ˵ûƴţǳԾ
磬ʲôѽι״ģֲޣֲ࣬ʲôʱô
ӷЦ⻰˵ɾͳˡȫҸʱµһȫôǰЩµͷĽƤҸʱʶģϳҵ֮ҵôˣҾͽȥۼô۵ŲҶ˷һսߵʵ̫ףҪĴǱģ֮£ֻǰȫˡ
ҿǵҲʮɣ伶𶼲ߣʮҲѾ㹻˰ɡ
ȫˣҶ˷Ǳߣɻʮ۷壬ٻɳ۷³ģ߱Ҫѡ۷ɶԾˡ
˿ƤѾˣˣȹ˳ӷǰ˵ۣ²УѾۼһһһһˡ
һһǻǲ಻٣պþ齨һսˡ
ӷǸˣƤ˵λɡʱͬˣϦյĻԻѾڣǣҪԻͣѻҪǰӻԻ͡ϣһ֮
ָʲôطǴʲôط
λȲҪǿ϶Ҫģ죬ͽһսҪ򡣡
ӷ֪һսǱϵҶ˷ĿǴ̳ɱѵˣԣӷҪֹҶ˷紳̳ҪֹǾͱضһս
ڣѾˣȻӷ绹֪ôģսֶôģɵģ³ӷѾǿˡ
ۣǻ¾֪һǷʲô¡˵ɣĿ˭
ӷҲתĨǣֱ˵ƵҶ˷硣

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ûҲĵˣΪڵ꣬õ۹֮ˣҶ˷ĸףҶ
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ļһҵ棬ǱɱģһҪ𡣡
ӷ翴ߣһ㣬ɵĿЦһʵ˵λӵȷںĴ½£ǿܱܲһӣеĻбܽǣ
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˵꣬еˣͬһʱ˸ӷһ࣬һ䣬ǵԽ˲١
Ŷԭˣûֳԭε£ҲȻ
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ΪתĹϵܶ鶼ǵˡԺʲôؼ⣬ǻҪһҡ
ӷ粢Ļᱩ¶ԼôۣΪôʱ֣ܳҲʿӡ
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š֮ǰΪǽܼˡ
ӷ粻˷ʱȥɵЩˣֻҪһ佣Ǽͺˡ
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֪ӷ˼Լ͸Щ˽һսţҲ飬ǿ̫٣ͽսŸˡ
Ϲ֮󣬽ĸսšƤԳ˾ʦ֮ڣŵţΪųϣĴ£ܸţţȭһַһеĵˡ
ʦģȫõ۹ϲ֪ҪԣǰҲҪǵģŽսʤһе˵Ŀܣ˵ǾٴҲһ֮һС
ܺáһսǷǳѵģȴҪһսϸҪ飬ԣһսȫȨˡҪȰѳ˵ǰ棬˭ĻͱˡҲֵܣϲ£ֻҪΥ˶ΣҾͶ
˫һתƴţ˵㡣ţֵܣϣܼס
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Ѿ˵Ļظڶ飬㲻ˬͲȥˣŰɡ
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ţƢҪúѹһ£ɲĻһģܾ㡣
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ѽҶ˷Ŀģ̳ڵĻʮˣΪԼһ˵⣬̳ڵʮĻԼҲˡ
ðɣҴķϣҾȫġ
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ʲôھ͹ȥ㻹ûָսѡأ
ض˭սΪǻ֪Ҷ˷˭ʱһµģҪ֪Ҷ˷ɵ˭Ҳź˭ֻлӮ


2526 ´ƣ
һո½½ȫرЩضһطɢʿһͬһȥ˵ھ֮ǰкܶͬһϹȥˣǸطϲмĺ
ƬĴɼĴֻȥҲеĴֻ㼯һ𣬾һӵ··ϵĳ໥֮䶼Ѿʼײˡ
ÿÿǶʥŮˣȫӹ
һʥŮ˲ǿǳ˵ģСӸҽǹǲǻĲͷˡ
үģ˺ţôܿӷҪ군ˣȳӷһӵһ㡣
ھͷ
ס֣ȫס֡ڶʲôʱˣӷǸҶ˷֮սҲ֪ʲôӷˣЩˣҲˣڵѪͻϱըġ
ѽܶ˶ǣԼڿǱѪģӷˣµѪҲᱬը·һѽ
󲿷ֵ˶ʼǱϲˣӷȴֲҳӷìܵǺǾᡣ
ҿ쿴һǿĽ⡣
Ƭϵˣȫ̧ͷ
ͼ֮УһǿĽһ֧ӴĶ飬ֱӳ̳ڵλ÷ȥ
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ɣôӴ̳ˣôӷŸɣ
ǾͲ֪˰ɡҶ˷ǺɳӷȴǺںļ̳ˡ
飬½ǰû֪ģڣںһУ½Ѿˡ
˵ǸӷǴôֱˣ
˵һǧǰǱһλǿߣ˺ڽɽǸǿߣǳӷĸףгۣҶ˷ĸҶͷӣڱչأǵĶӾͶŸһ˵Ҷ˷Ϊڳӷ֮ϣֶȴûӷôʮǰʥŮһΣӷǾˣҶ˷Ӵ飬һ㶼ûԿһҶ˷棬¸˸
ɣӷôȻôӴǰҶ֡ѵҶ˷粻ֵҪ֪Լ£Ǿ͵ڳԼѽ
˭֪أ˵ʱҶ˷类Ĳᣬȴ
ӣӷҲмˢѽҶ˷ôӴݣȻռôıˡں֪ʮǰӷһĸ˭
֪ǻƴţ佣Ϲңҵĺˣơг֮⣬ĸȫǴġ
ҵĺˣѵƵĺˣ
ûСӡ˵ڰǰˣҲɢȮ㣬¡û뵽ӷ󣬲ǳΪ˳˵ľʦͬʱΪҲѾ˵ɾ磬Ǽ̳ƵĴаɡ
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ɣһٸһ磿Щ˿һһ綼ûѽҪ﴿綼ˣ
ûһæˣû뵽֮ϣĴ󾳽硣ں⣬Ȼ۸Ҷţν޵еѽ
۸Ҷ֮˭ǿû֪ϣǾͻ֪ӷҶ˷֮䣬˭ǿˡ
Щһһ·ʮ֮ڣǶѾ˽еһУǺж֮ϵĴ󾳽硣
һϣΥգҲˡ
ʱʧӰ٣֪ܵʲôطȥˣͻȻЩǰ̳ĴֻϣӣҲ˵˳ӷҶ˷֮£ȥֵġ
һģһˣ˿ȥ͸ղ࣬ʵ֮ϡ
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ѽ򴨣Դ֮㶼ǿޱȣ뵽Ҳв¶۵ʱ򡣡
򴨣һˣȻǰ򴨡
ڳӷ˶Ϻ֮ͳ߲֪ܵʲôطȥˣҲûа򴨵Ӱû뵽ٴγ½ʱ򣬾ȻǸһģ֮䣬ǰͲʶҲûʸʶ򴨣ϾյֻǶ½һԱ򴨣ȴв½ľǿߡ
νɽзһգǧꡣ
û뵽Լ޵Щ½Ѿ˷츲صı仯յǿߣͳΪһȥʽڳӷЩ˵ǰνǿߣҲѾһЦ˰ɣ


2527 ̳֣
ո򴨵˵һɺеɺϣڳӷ˶Ϻ֮󣬰ҲѸٵĴ޵룬ΪӷеȥըǿĲˡǸʱİȻˣƾеһǣңǼںϷҹʱ䡣
ڰ򴨿첻еʱ򣬸պþգʧ֮󣬾ȻҲܵȥˣȴûȥκεĵԲûǿ߷ǵʱˣҲҿģ
ҲǱصǵ֮İɣվ˰򴨣֪֮򴨵ݣǸʱգ֪ȱӷ𣬱飬һ½
ڸջ½ãո򴨾һϢдû뵽̶̵ʱ֮ڣӷѾưĴ½ĵҲðԽܡ
ǰ̳սʵǰģոͲȥ°򴨻ֻ֮ͬһǰˡ
򴨣ôΪıǵĻҽǧҪΪӷֶθĴ½ǵһʶġ
򴨳Ĭһ£˵ã½֪Ϊ磬ӷӦõôľ磿
ǵɣҲΪʲô㲻Ҫԭ򡣡
ôǿˣҶ˷أ
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սóӷлĻ𣿡
Ҳұ֤ӷʵʤҶ˷磬ʤ˵ġһսУģѾʵˡԳӷΪ˵֮⣬ںܶûеĶڳ֮ʱܸ˴ĳԾһ漣ʵԶչֳ
޵ʱҲ˵ӷ¡˶ϺѾʲô˶ĵġΪҪǣȻͬʱ½Ҳ˶֪жôӴ󣬿ȴ֪ġҲҳӷ籨𣬳ӷҶ˷λҲ·һ
ղмһЦ֪֪ӷݣԳӷ籾˵ܵġ
ĹһΣۼ֤ųӷǱֶ̬εģĹɱӷ磬ӷԱôȫˣѾ˵һˡ
ǰ棬̳֮ˡطѾ½ˣΣ̳طֽΪ½ϵ۷֮ء
̳ˣΪʲôûпʧϿȣ
վ˴ֻǰ棬ǰȷ̳֮أ½Ѿ̳طȴҲ֪֮أʧϿ֮ѽ
ӣǰʱ̳Ҳʲôѽ̳ǲʧˣû´ĻӦںסȰɣųӷҶ˷ѡطһ̳½ġ
ղ˵ˣû˵ʸˣֻǵţΪӷҶ˷һսδʼһʱ䣬ҲʱŻῪʼ
ڣҶ˷ѾˣУһ֧ӴĽѾֹͣǿĽ⣬ĺ֮ϣеĴֻȫš
ֻУһӰͻ֣ǿһַӡ漴ӿһͨľˡ
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ǿʮ۷ɵΧдϵˣӺ£ðһ޴ʯʯֵԽԽӴһϿȣˡ
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Ҷ˷ˣƵʵǲܵ͹ѽ׵ģͼ뺣׵̳˳ӣҶ˷бġ
̳ˣ˶ڵȴţڣҲûӷ˵Ӱ
ǸҶ˷ǿѽ֮ǰǶûʧϿȣû뵽뺣ףҶ˷ɳʮĸˣͽ뺣׵ʧϿȸ̳˳
ʮĸˣһɼҶ˷ֱʲνһ֣ɶˡǲ֪ӷôǿߡ
˰ɣӷµģֻĴ½ѡĴ½ǿģҲǼǿߣڣǼǿҶ˷ЩˣҲǱɱĻɫǽɽ˲ųһ˻ѽ
˵ˣӦ˵ǰЩǿߣҶ˷ĸûֹԷǲ½ưԵġ˵ǰЩͲм档
һĵĵȰɣҪ˵̫ˣ˵ˣֻǵвˣЩ˵ڣɶߴԪ֮׵ѪԪأǳӷӷڵѪԪأᱬըġ


2528 еϮ
Ҷ˷˽̳֮ٳһǿһ޴ĺڹ⣬ڹдаͬƬ
Ҷ˷һ֧Ӵ飬ԵģǸոյһ֧Ӵ飬ɫƲ֮ϣһȱôôɢȻǿԸҶ˷ǱߵĶģôΧİٸˣô֮ϣƵˣӷ磬ûгô֮⣬֮ڡ
ϵȫ̧ͷ˫ԵӪӱϿȥȻǴһǺڹȴаһĸ磬ԭûνа֣֮еֻĲͬˡ
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տŸոյӪֱǺڹӪ֮ڵ֮ˣǳӷ硣Ŀǰλãǳӷ绹Ҷ˷磬û˵սʼ֮ǰҲ֮ǰӷҶ˷ǲ¶ġ
ǿӷĸôһýĴɢа̫˰ɣͷ·͸ÿһ˵
ǳӷ籾ͲóȥжϣǿƵ𣬰Ե½ռķ̣½ǳӷ͵ĻҶ˷ҪõҲǼ׵顣Ȼ뷨Ҳڸողеġ֮ǰӷδҶ˷ĴֱӽӷѹȥˣӷôҸı뷨Ҳһսӷ绹δػܱ
ϵ˷׷ЩԭӷˣڣҲһָıԼ뷨
ܽȫѺҶ˷ϣǱӷռݵĴ½ǲðգһκ⣬Ǿ͵
컹ûڣҪȵʱ˫ĶԾ治֪һҹ֮ᷢʲô顣
Ҷ˷Ӫ֮У֮ǰӷ統һսȻҪģҲҶ˷ǰġ
¿Ͳõ˰ɡȻӷѾˣһһôھͿԿʼ˰ɣ
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ӷô۵õټϲôǵĶ֡
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ʮΣÿһֻҪһǧ棬ʮ֮󣬾ܵ˱ˣ
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ڣʮֳԾĸһС
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õıըȻûи˺飬κ˶е˼ˡ

õ棬ͬʱһӰֻһͷӰӰòôۣȫվͬʱһӡ½磡еϮ


2529 ȸ֣
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Ҷ˷Ѿսڳվս֮ϣõȫ˸ı䣡ںϵˣҲǿõģܶҪʶһҶ˷ı𣬵õĻᣬȴѾûȥעˡ
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ȸ˫ִӡһǿ߹ɱ¾ȫƽȸȸһ֮


2530 Ծ
νмԾ㵽߲֮䣬ڰ˲֮󣬾Ǹ߼ˣʮ㣬Ǿ۷
ȸΪӦö߲ģҲ˵һܵ߼ľˡ
ͬһǿʱпͷһսǼ֮ϻ֮µˣֵȼս˵Ŀ⣬ҲѾȸȥˡ
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ˣϺˡĶԾᲨģʱûκһܹ
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ȴǳͬ򴨣λв½ľǿߣ˵Ļκһ˶šȫģ֮ĶԾɲֵȼʸȥģȫˡ
һһʱ䶼ûӦ֮һըҲ˹
ǿĲһһ£һһҵıʹĺ֮ǲӿֻȫƷˡ
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溣ֵʬ壬ȸ̾˿ʵղ붨ĵһԣһûˣɿȸȴʮǿȸвģԿȸԸ˵Լ˵ĶսˣԲŻһֵġ
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ģû뵽Ϊչ֮죬Ҹû뵽һеľȻ㡣һ仰˵ˣ½ѾΨһǿˡ
ѽӷǱ߾ѾˣȸϾӷŲ񷶦ģ⼸Ҳѵһģȸţӷÿһ˽ĳɾͣԼ֮ϡ
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ԭӷǴÿȸȥֹҶ˷紳̳ģڿȸˣ͵ڱ¶һŵƣ֮Ҫ赲Ҷ˷紳̳ûôףҲ˵Ψһл赲Ҷ˷磬ֲģֻбһˡ
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ĴһʱҶ˷Ҳûף½ͶһҲҪĴ̳ġȸһսˣ˭ȥ̳أԼ𣿲Уһ̳ӷضֹԲ֮ҲֻлĹ֮ˣ


2531 屶ɵ㣡
ȸ֮ĶԾҶ˷⣬˶Գܴ˵ǿĲҲЩļһˣ
ͬʱõڣ⾵ڲͣţĿǰλãѾǧ⾵ˣҲ˵񷶦Ѿı֮࣬ӷΪҲӵɵ㣬˵㣬һɣмɵľ硣
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ӷһһһôۣһסԼﻹѽھȻһԼ嵱ʲôˣ
СӣȱЩ⾵ȫջزãʱ񷶦йͻĵ˲ڵĵϸ
ѽҶ˷֪ԼЩ˵Ϊˣһ֪񷶦Ѿ屶֮࣬һ屶񷶦ϳӷڵΪҶ˷磬ҪùˣĻĹ֮ǿѾʼںϻĹŻ磬ûȫõ֮£ҪԿڵĲ񷶦Ǹ߼ɣ򣬾мɣӷҲ֮һƴˣ
мսме˼Ҷ˷磬磬ҶǸ峤ʱһǵɫ
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2532 Ӻѽ
ӷò˵Ǻõ˼㣬ҲֲϵĺˣóӷԽԽġ˵һеĺˣڱŵģǰ֮ˣͺпħˣϾΪֹûܿ϶ħ򣬻ǰѾ磬û뿪ˣ
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У֣ϰԴͬʱʩչĽ·һԴķӡͬһʱ䱬ը
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䣬ӷһǿȴշһʱ򣬳ӷ̽סˣûгȸǱ߳ȥҶ˷磬ӷ緢֪ӷҪȥֹȸĵһս汻ӷֹסˣҶ˷ӣԣҶ˷Ҫڳӷ֮ǰȥֹ
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˶٣ӷ˵˼֮ҸǻĹ֮ǿĻĹֱ֮ӽҶ˷磬жϡ


2533 Ҷ˷ĵģ
Ҷ˷ĻĹ֮ոսȸĵѹû뵽ͻһ֮ͬĻĹֱ֮ӾͽҶ˷ȫסˣ
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ӷ磬Ĳ֮ΪʲôͻȻǿˣ
Ҷ˷оӷĲ֮ȵһμʱǿ˼ʮǰڶʥŮӷԣӷ޷ȥҶ˷ĵڶѽڣӷ粻ܽҶ˷ĻĹ֮ǣҪѹסҲǲܵģҶ˷ûгȫӷ粻ֻͬĲ֮屶Ĳ֮Ҷ˷ԵĻĹ֮ԾҶ˷ûȫںϻĹŻ֮£ǳӷĶ֡
ӷͲھͽеȫΪҶ˷֮⻹һǿ磬ǿǸ߼ѽк˫ļ߼ˣ֮ǿ߰ǰӷǲһ¾ͽԼӵеȫģΣȻضپҪض١
ҵʵʮǰûֻʮǰûнеˡ
ٸסղΪϹӣûп𡣡
Ȼ㿴ҲҪʲôصġѵɵмɶܹ𡣡
мǵɵĲ㣬㣬ģֻҪ㹻ֻҪ˰ֵԴû⡣ǣӷ֮ǰɻǵɵѽڡ
Ҷ˷˫Ѿ˽ɫǰĳӷ磬ɵ㣡ӷ磬ղ㵽ʲôΪʲô֮죬ֱ𣡡
㿴ͺܳԾҸ㣬ǰڣԺ󣬶ĹɣҶеκֵģϾҲǲ񷶦ֻңܸܵģʽĿУڵõ˻ĹŻ磬ҲܻĿеġ
Ŷԭˣҵˣ񷶦ΪرһģʽҲҪֻ֪ҪȫںϻĹŻ磬Ǿֱӳ۷ġ
ҵȻ֪УֻҵĲ񷶦ģʽģ֮۷塣ҲˣĹŻǵֱܰӳ۷壬ǰǣӵг۷С
ƵȻǲȱģǻ㣬룬Ҳ׼õģ㻹ҪΪҵġڣ㷴ѹҵĻĹ֮ԣҲʶһ£Ĳ֮׵һôľ磬ǲڼˡ
ӷЦһӣҶ˷ΪԼĲ񷶦ѾԽ˵߱䣬˵ڰ˱ˣ򣬸ղžͲѹƵסĻĹ֮
Ƚɫܸܵģ˵㣬ҶҸ׳ۣҲ޷ȥܣΪ񷶦Ϊǿһ
ƨΪǿǻĹŻ磬򣬾ͲܴĴ½
˼˵ڣ֤һҲ񷶦ǿˣ
ȻѾز룬ҲҪˣھͿԿʼ˰ɡ
Ȼʮ֮ս˵ģʱصȻ˵ҲãҲգҶκηԵġ
Ҷ˷˫ɫ˫ۣųӷѪɫ˫ۣﻹġ
ӷֵҲ̫˵ɣԼ˵ʲô𣬲컹ڣͬѵ˵гһ㶼Լ˵Ͳ̳ڵ
ܣӷΪˣһֵܣ˿ĺҪļһ̳ڵÿһˣԳӷ˵ǳҪӷǲܲȥںǵİοģ᲻ںʮֵģɼȻģΪʲôֻڳ˵̬أ
Ѳɣӷеڶֵİţ
Ҷ˷纰£
ĽӵҶ˷ٸȸȥϾ˵Ҷ˷ߣɳӷˣȴǰ˿ȸߣǳӷҶ˷ĲͬҶ˷ֻǽĵˣӷȴǽȸѣպпսѣֵܣ


2534 ˭һս
ڵͲҪȵˣҲ˵˭ȵĻǾͱʾһη壬η壬¶ԷʲôյֶԸԼη壬ҲԼߵʿһԣǳӷ磬Ҷ˷磬ûҪҲܵȵˡ
Ҷ˷Ѿ˴½ȫսΪҪ½˵潫ӷܡ
Ȼ̳֮ߵܻ½ˣеݸˣȫˡ
ԼһСʱ֮ϣ̳˷ٴξۼ˳ǧǧĴֻÿһˣգҲû֪һս׻ʲôطУ̳ĻʧϿӵеر᲻ӷ˫Ӱ졣
ȻȻ֪ʧϿȴһرǲǳӷ绹Ҷ˷磬ܽȥģΪ˭޷֤սлʲôһãͿԻ
⣬Ҷ˷ĿȻ̳ڵʮˣҲֱ̳ܵȥֻҪǱйȥڳӷ˶û֮´̳̳ʮɱͿˣһóӷ˷ֹǸʱҪӲ̳Ͳˡ
˵Ҷ˷ģҲ˵ӷǱߵղǼ£һôĳ̶ȣΨԻʮΪӲ̳һȥֵص㡣
Ҫʼ𣿳ӷҶ˷ղǼ£˭ҲκεӡҲҲ׼ҶҶ˷ǱߵˣǶģһжʲôùܣ϶ľͺˡ
˭Ҳû֣ںУȻǱɼˣɺʯһлһм͵ˣ±ӷҶ˷緢֣ղſȸĽֵʱǸͲһˡ
ӣǸͲô鷳ȥģΪӷһѾ֪Ҷ˷ĿģֻҪҶ˷Ǳκһ춯ӷʵĿȸͻһʱϵġҲ˵ֻҪĸȸı䣬ʲôطȥҸȥʲôطͲˡ
šǶǧҪˣɼҪõҶ˷õĶҶ˷ҪĶһ̳֮ڡ
ɺʯͲ֪Ҷ˷εĿֻΪɱˣΪ̳ʲôҶ˷綼õıǶȻĴڡ
ӷ磬ϴαƭˣһΣɾûôˡҶ˷֮ԻӵôǿΪûƭ̫ңɺʯͬһΣһҪͬһߡ
ΪڱȵʱɺʯӷٵΪƭȥ֮ŷӦӷҪԽΪʲôʱɱء
ϹһεˣԶԼͬһ˵ĵڶεԣɺʯͲųӷӵҶ˷࿹֮ǰһǳӷԲ񷶦˼٣Ҷ˷סˡ
ɺʯ뷨ò˵ҵùɣҪ꣬ҪˣɺʯҪѵӷ绹ȫ𣬷ǱҲѾһˣ򣬸ɼ嶼ģɱһɺʯɼҲֻܵһȥҳӷ籨ɣūͬġ
ˣһԾͲһȺЩˣҪһĴһ̫࣬ǾͻṷǽӼҲҧ˵ģӷɲɼƵǽȥˡ
ʯһɼŲУҲӷ鷳ģںڰнеıûоԵ֤ݣѵūܽɼ˲ɣˣɼһѽ
Ҷ˷ӷѾ˺ף˫̫սй
ģԴûһķȥһ
ʲôᱻֵġ
İɣӷǸˣһΪǰͬԴΣһսá
ǺãֵĻ˷лʮڣǲġ
Ҷ˷ʲôѵΪöĵķϣóӷ罫עȫڶĵķĶľͿǱʧϿ
뷨Ȼ˵㣬ҲȷõģµһɳһóӷǱߴһģʱҶ˷Ӧ󣬹ƶѾӲ̳ˡ
ƼҶ˷Ǳ߻ûڲ֪Ҷ˷˭һս£ƿɲˣҪҶ˷ȶԼԾƶС
ƣҶ˷˭һսģ
˵ʮǰ㵱Ҷ˷ǸΣҶ˷绹ǻΣΪ˻ӣǻεһսġǣղҶ˷ΪӣֳһοһģܾͲǻˣ


2535 һս䣡
Ҷ˷磬ȻҶٵˣڣԼսͿԿʼ˰ɣ
ӷӰȻҶ˷½һս˽һսǳӷҲҪèèˣֱӾͽų˺ϵ˶
Ҷ˷ЦԸ֮Լսڿʼӷ磬Ϊ˲۸㣬ǲ˳սģǾңɳһս֮˰ɡ
˫֮ĶԻϵ˶ĺ
ҪʼˣʮյԼս˾ˣڣҪʼˡ
˵֮ǰĶԾûῴڣӦòİɣȻһ嶼ûˡ
ɺʯҲѾ׼֣ĵһĿ꣬Ϊؼʱ̣˶û֮£ɱӷ磬Ϊϴαȵ鱨
Ҳ׼һĸȸϸȥ
ǣӡ㲻õģ̳ڵıɼһŪֵġ
ڣɺʯЩ˻Ϊ̳ʲôǿĺӣȻ̳ڵȷ˵Ǳ˭ܵõ̳ڵǶΪһǿߡֻϧ̳ڵȥղų֮⣬ѾȡĲˣ̳ڵʮˣӦҲѾ˵ɼ
Ҷ˷վս֮ϣ־
˿̣ͼҶ˷ߣ߳һˣ˸һ֣ǺϵˣǳӷǱߣȫΪ֮һ
ġ
ʲô
ôǸղǸѽҶ˷粻뵱˵棬ӷ𡣿ɳһԸղŵ˵Ҷ˷ɳǳӷضҲɳģͱɸղһ𣡡
Ǹ㲻Ҷ˷絽ʲôҪɳӷղΪʲôҪȥֹ֮ĶԾأֱƴһ𣬸ô鷳
Ҷ˷磬ʲô˼ְ˳ѵǸղȸĶԾûøղҵѹס㣬ûӣҪӣ
ӷ磬Ҳ̫ΪˡûҶ˷ȷе㰮ӣôҪôӣһǷֵĺġһսɳģȻҵİŸ㣬Ϊս֮УֻҪӮսǾȫʤԣһսǷǳؼģֻӮ䡣
ӷѪɫ˫ۣҶ˷ǽɫ˫ۣλɶɵѽѵҶ˷˵ӷͻҪ֪Ҷ˷ĿģɲΪӮĶԾ
Ҷ˷Ǹ֮⣬ĵơҪӲ̳ѡҲܲǶˣȴ֪ߣܹ赲м֮ˣֻпȸһһսͽĸ˳ĿҪȱܹ赲Ӳ̳֮ˡ
ĳսڳӷΨһܸĿģֻпȸһˣܲܳӷϳɣ͵ڱ¶˳ӷеʵҲսһмӷ뽫еȫС
û˻ȥ룬߳ĶģͲʵ壬ֻһˣһ˵ڵսҶ˷ǸҪӵˣôܵô˵ءΪӷ磬Ҳûȥ룬϶ĵķķͬȫͿ٣˵һ˫̥ʽ
ӷҲɵѽԼ֮⣬ȸʱƴܾˣʱƾһ˵һ赲Ҷ˷Ӳ̳ˣԣӷһһҶ˷۾ľ
Ҷ˷磬һû뵽ֱԶԶеҪŵһսֱɳһλмм˵ߣҲֻһܹӦھͽȸɳǶ֮ɺܴӰ졣
ӷ绰д΢΢ķŭ˵صĺܺãҶ˷绹ǿˣҲǷǳʹ죬˵ӷ磬ȺΣһΣҲֵưͿ˰ɡֱɳһ͵ʵ壬㲻ɳȸĻǸͲܻӮ˵棬ˣǼඪѽɳ˿ȸҾ취˿ȸ֪ҵĿ̳ڵʮˣʱҲû취赲ˡ
ӷ磬ʵҲ˵Ļҽһս㻹ֱȽϺá
䣿Ÿһʼӷһⲻ˳ЦͬʱҲóӷߵʿʵڲǸǵ
ӷɲͨˣӲҶ˷ںӵˣӶڳӷ˵Եǳɹ·ϵ̤ʯһ㶼Ҫ
˵һҲûʱһ治ÿȸս򣬽ɾûӦˡðɣǾԸһսҡ䡣

Ҷ˷һѾĻѽһ䣬Ƕӣʿɾֱƻҵļƻѽ
Ҷ˷粻ģĳӷ䣬ѵӷǲԼļƻɡ
ӷ磬Ҫˣһսɲһ㣬ӵ⣬£ˣ½ˣô㣿
ôҹʲô£һ㶼ںҶ˷磬Ӧøе˲Ŷѽ䣬ӣΪʲô˷ŭأ
㡭
ˣǵԼսһɳ˳սûɣȻѾɳһֱˣǾͲҪϻֱӿʼڶսɣλҲûʲôˣԹȥˡ


2536 ħ֣
ս䣬˵ΪǵѡΪӷƶҶ˷ڵһ㶼͸֪ǼһﵽʲôһսֱɳмѲˣ˶֮⣬ûУαҪأ
ܿ죬ӷͷӦ˹ƶһۣӷȻһɱ⣬ɱȴ֮ʧӰΣ
Ǽһﷴһ
ѽô򵥵ֶΣӲû֮ǰȸĶԾʱѾùķ֮һΣǾȻһҲûɡ
ܶʱֻҪץס˵˵򵥵ķҲõЧҶ˷϶ǲŻдһֵġȻҲҪðգղžͱǿˣֻɵÿȸսҶ˷Ҫùˡ
϶ǲҲ϶ǲôͷӦŻƴһѵġͬķõڶΣĴս
˶٣ʵˣǲǳ˿ȸ֮⣬һ֣ǿȸһˣӦҶ˷ǱߵˣϾҶ˷һм֮⣬ʮ۷ɣһʮŮ˸һ֣ȸһˣ͵ֵס
ûʮ۷ɣȸҪһһͿԽˡжм֮£ʮ۷ɣ벻ã
ҵļ磬ôһ仰ûɽɽһۼڶúĵطûмˢӣɽȥǾҵùġ̳ͬɽҾͿȸһĻҪҶ˷ǱߵƴͲ̫ܡ
Ҳ˵⻹
ûС
۷ɣжٸ
۷ҲûС
ɣǡ
ȻûҲû۷ȥԿҶ˷ʮ۷ɣ˵ǣһŮ
Ů
˫һûмӷŮԳӷ˵иŮŮŶѽʮʱŮˣǵڣҲӣһСŮôȥҶ˷Ǳߵ˶Կ
ɻı飬ӷҲûиʲôֻ˵رҲñ˰ɣ

ʲôӷ粻ֱ֪߳ӷ磬һӵһֱûеҲǱĵڡ
ȸ飬Ͳùˡȵõȥɣ԰㾡ָղ붨ĶԾʱĵ
ˣղûĶ붨ĴһҲ⡣
ǣҶ˷粻ɳһ˵ģûģõڵҲġȻΪҪǣ̫ˣҶ˷һֱᶢ㣬һ촳̳Ǿͻ֪ǵһȥֹģǸʱҶ˷Ҳֹ㡣õȥܿҶ˷ߣֻҪһеʶȫŶľͺˣֻҪ춯ƹҶ˷֣Ҷ˷籾ˣȻֵˡ
ȸ˵ͷ˵ȻˣǾİɡôǧҪСģһֲõĸоָоҲҴһɾ޴ѹ
İɣ֮⣬һһƣҶ˷Ǳ߻һҲǶ⡣
ҵĵģҶ˷硣
Ҷ˷磿
Աߵ佣ʶų˲䣬͸о棬мǿڡ
ɺʯ
ŶɼҲˡе˼ӣɺʯĿӦҡ
ȸ˵Ҳˡ
Ҷ˷磬Ҳˣ³ӷͲˡ
ôһҶ˷紳̳ȸҰΨһһ£Ҫ赲
ȸûٶ˵ʲôȴǳѿ
⵽˿ȸ飬һη顣
мȻʱη֮ģǵʲôˣ˵׸оʲôηģ
˿̣ų˿ȸ֮⣬˭ҲûвڲԶƲ֮ڣһ˫ɫ۾ˣ˫ɫ۾ǿֲΪһȦΣΪȦ˫۾һֱųӷҶ˷Ǳߡ
ȸֿ־壬˫µ۾ɵģ
ΪһоյУû뵽ѽ;ȻҶ޷Ԥı˱䣬ѾһˣӷǼһһ·ĺˣٳɳ˵ڲõĽΪҵİʯ
ֲ۾΢΢գ£˵ѣ㻹治һѲһжŵĳ룬ȫѺ˵ھŴϣҲãҵ뿴ھŴεĴսΣеĳ룬ܱһôĳ̶ȣҶҸ壬ɣ
ֲ۾ʧȫʧǰһɲǣ۸ۣһɫ֡죬ħ


2537 ս
ȸǿֲĸоԽԽǿңǿҵüζ뷢ˣϧǣ޷׼ȷҵǿֲоķλֱǿֲĸоʧǰһ̣ȸȻѹͬʱҲѾо˷λڡ
Ǻηʥ
ûгõȥȸȻ֮䣬
ʱ򣬳ӷǶһ֪ȸ׷ʲô£Ϊֲֿĸоֻпȸһ˸оˣӷҶ˷Щûһܸоĵ
ûȳӷȥֹȸͻȻ䣬һۺɫĹ˿ȸȫ漴Ϸ˹ȫվ˿ȸǰ
ȸҪ
һŮˣƵͲŮˣһס˿ȸ
ȸ˿ѾһͷĺˮڼԼŮʱ΢侲㡣
ӥô㣿
ˣֵܽȫˡ
ӥŮɿȸʱ򣬿ȸſǧȫԼˡ
ϿգһۺɫӰƮȻ£ˣǺİ
ôҲˣ
סȸҲоһֲֿĴƵģ˵ȲҪ˵
ȸ飬룬ѵҲо˸ղǿֲĴ
ʴ֮硭
һʲô˵ֱӾʴ֮һ磬Ȼǿ󣬿ڵˣȴо쳣һû˯ͻȻ˯һþһΰ
ʲô
ӷʵ
ղ飬ѵôûо𣿡
ղŷ£ʲô£׼Ҷ˷翪սͲ֪ղ鷢
ɫԽѿʱ˫ۣѾ˿ȸ
ȸ˵ΪʲôΪʲôûиоǲҲоˣ
ǵģңӥʮˣںԶĵطѾоˣǲŻ᲻һеĳûʲô飬ֲֿĸоѾҵʴ֮ˣӦòʲôġ
ȷȸҲоղǿֲĸоԼԺʧʴ֮Ҳһãûкʴ֮ǿֲĸоʧ֮졣
׻ʲôˣ
ӷʵǵ˼˵ղ˳ˣ
ûҾǲԶ
˵ⲻܡǲԶôû֣ѵҶ˷ˣ
ܻҶ˷ˣԷĿ֮ɲҶ˷ǵȴܹԦ˵ġ
Ҷ˷ˣǶû֣Ҷ˷ͬҲû֣治һĿѽ
ӷ˵佣ųʶƬ򣬰˸ҳҿɲ뱻š
УղѾˣûֳڳ֮⣬ʲô´ڡ
佣ʶڳӷΪǿģ޷鵽ˣ˾͸ˡ
ճӷ˽⣬Ǹճֵˣ佣ʶһĵûУǸӦǲڵġ
⵽ôһ£ȸǣоһµĴڣԼЩˣȴһоûѽ
ǣǽ컹ǲһѽ֮ǰ̳еһһӰ񣬰ԼһѣֳʲôµĴڣ⵽ôһѽ
ôȻԷûӦöûж⣬ʱûģǶûоʱѾԽ˸ˡ
˵˴ӷҶ˷磬ֲ˵Ҫ֣Ƶ׵ľǳӷˣԷȴûг֣˵Էûжģ
ȸ˵֮ǧҪСģҲ֤ղǿֲĸо᲻ٴγ֡Ȼǰˣʴ֮µĽ磬ӦǿԽеĿֲоȫԣֻҪǰڣôİȫϵġ
ӷЦһȸ֮ԻԼҪԭԼȥвġأͷҪȥϳӷ˵İȫǲ̫˵㣡
ǹؼʱ̣ӷѾһսˣڶսǲģҪҶ˷Ӳ̳֤̳ڻʮ˵İȫûʱóӷȥġ
ˣȻҲѾˣڣһ֤ⳡսɡ
սȷûʲô飬ҲûʲôͷһҲսû˼
ӷνĴսָĲԼսǴ̳֮սʱǳӷҶ˷ϵʽԾ
˵ȻǺﲻսȻȸҪ㣬ǺȻӲܣҲõʲôֶΣÿȸò㣬ǺȻˣͻ顣
ò˵Ǵ壬ӷ֮ǰǣȻ˵ĻҲֻˣӵʴȵɡ
ɯɯŶ棬˵Ǻ
Ǹ½Ψһĺڵ֯
֮ǰҲΪģԴϴ֮ҿֻһֹѣʲôڵڵģǸϵĺڵմϱߡ
ʲôڵΪҪģס˵򣬰ӷ˵򡣻Σϳˣ춪ӣڽսһɡ
ǣ
ģʱ׼һ£ϴ̳
ǣ
ʮΣԼˣȫˡڶĴ̳ͬʱ㾡еӷȫҵֵɱɱɱҲǿ̳벽
ǣ


2538 ϹVSΣ
ڶսҶ˷ɳ˻ΣҲصϣûгӷ֮⡣
ɿͷųһ߼ɣӦڵɵߵھŲңֻһֵ޷׼ȷжʵΪ
֮ǰ㵱Ҷ˷棬Ǽһĺܲңںһӵġһս˭ϣ
߼ôţ˭ڸ߼ɵ±ס
ʲô˼
סôֱսʤ
磬ȻǻֻǳɣҪƴҲĻǼһġ
ӷ˵ǲǶӮ
ǵȻģȻܵʲôۼôˣҶ˷ĿľΪ˴ǣô˵ǣԣǾԲ䡣
ƴţ˫ȭգ˵Ҫսһ߼ɣȷȡʤİգҪǲġ

ҪסǵĿģӮһս̳ȡʤĹؼսܣνģΪҪǣһսУҪʵҶ˷绹û̳ҾͽĴˣô̳һսǸô򣡡
ѽ̳Ĵս֮ǰССֵġҲҶ˷˵ԼսУĳӷߵʵΪӷὫһսĺأɳ˳սĻȵӲ̳ʱ򣬳ӷߣûȥ赲ˡ
磬˼ǡ
˭ֻҪԷսбס˭ϳҲͲҪȥˡҲϣκܹӮԵĻԷһЩҶ˷뷨ͬʱҲڵ뷨
˼ǲ˵ֻ䣬Ӯ
ܱ֤ڲӮûУɡ
Ϲվ˵ȥɣǸƵҼĴӣڻҼҲ˵һЩڲ֮սҸаա
ãǾϰɡ
ƴţҲϹʲôӷ˵ƴţûаڶս±ʵȻûյ飬ƴţҲɵȥ
˵λϹսͬʱҲսġұҪеʶȫųԷÿһˣǸġ佣ǵУʶΪǿԣرչˡ
İɣ̳ҵֵܣǲҶ˷óѵġ
ȻҶ׼ˣϹңԳսˡ
Ѿ˫мλãΪһսǳӷģЩ˿ԵĳӷѾҶ˷һ
ɣһսֱ䣡ӷʲôһΪʲôأ
ôЩ˸ŵù
ڵڶսҶ˷ɳ˭
˵ƵҼĴӣΪǸ߼ɣǿģҲǾǰʥŮӷ統ڳļһ
ԭڵѾķ׷ˣҶ˷ڶɳΣҪһصĳӡֻǲ֪ӷ˭ս
ѾˡǸ·СӣӲǺǿѽƾʲôһ߼ɶս
СӽϹң˵ҲǴģӷֵܡңһ˵ǸϹƵһµʱ䣬Ƶ˵ĵӣѾǽˣҲѾˡ
£ԼʦԼʦΪУʦ𡣡
Ҳ˵Ƶӷ磬ǵжԵĹϵϹҸӷͬһطֵܣʶӷʱҪõĶ࣬Ϊ˰ӷ˷ҲǺġ
˵ʲô˵ģǵһôĽɫ
˵гǸ֮Ψһ
߾ˣ
ûЩ飬⼸½Ѿˣǿߣǿߣ˫ӣѾԵĸˮ档
ѵĺĴ½ǰǵļʶǱɽһѽ
˵ˣڶսҪʼˡ
УϹѾԣֱӾͱһǿϹȴһҲûһ˫۾ֻĶŻΡ
СӣҼǵ㣬ʥŮҲķݡ
Σ㱻ôңû뵽ôͺˡ治Ǹ߼ѽˢӡ
ϹΣƽα˵ĿģҪûηŭֻҪŭһ·ңϹҪڲ֮ӦΣͲûηĹֻûε·׳©ڳ©֮£ĹǿϹҲ׵㿪


2539 Ϲ͸ӣ
˵ʥŮ»ξΪҼĴӣȻûҶ˷ǰԺգĴ½Ҳû˸˶ģ
˵ڳѾ⣬첻һҴҲûػҼȥˣƻҲöˣϻӡ
ԣһսҶ˷˵Ŀ̳֮ڣɶ˵ҪӷȫУͷ֮ޣ
Ҽǵ㣬յǸͽܡ
Сû뵽֪黹ͦġҵ£֪ȻҲ֪ˡ
ˣѾ磬һͽΪʲôܻţ
ѵ㲻֪ϼһ֮ܳΪֵԲ񷶦һŶԣӦ˵Ǽһıˣֵܱūģû뵽ǲҪģȻһ֡˵ĳôƵļһûѽҸϼһĹϵֻûУԶһ֣ϼһˣԣҸ֮䣬ǲҲǷһϵûС
˵ʱӷū˳Ҷ˷Ҳһ˵ģ£Ҷ˷Ҳ˵ֱӾڶܸܲ߱ˣԼ֮ܳȫǿӷɣ
ֻһָֻֻ֣Ļе۸ˡҪģԣҲκһ˿˵ֻһֻ֣û֣Ҳȫնɱ
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һɫĹ⽣˻εУǻҼķ֮һһǷǳǿķɯɯ̳˶ûʸõȴǰѾõˡ
Ҽ⽣һּƻ͵ıʵ壬ԪƶɵģҲ˵һԪرаԪأԪظԪأϻҼǿУΪˣ޷ʹѽҪ𣬲ܽѽӳ
ɻֻǸ߼ɣ۷ҲûȴȴǰѾõѼⱦҲ˵βڿѽģʲôرķ
һѽǿıҲҪڲõʱӡɣΣȴǽѱӡڵģֻʹõʱŽӡ˵θ޷ѱԷӡӡǱͻɼ˺
һ޷ȫƿص˵ǿȥʹãʹõʱҲ޵ģҲһеļⱦڽ֮ʹõʱһƣǸʱ䲻ӡξΣˡ
ϹҲǸϽˣƵһ£µЩҲе˽⣬ƵһĻҼ˵֪ĸǱݺЩҪһ㡣
ѼⱦϹҾ֪ԭǻõģȻڻ⣬Ͳڻôǿ
һƽҪ⣿ӣ޷ƿѽʹ÷ʱˡΣֱ˵ܿѽãǾͶһʱ䣬ʱɱңѧղʱɱң֮սͽˣûҪȥ
Ϲ˵Ҳǰճӷ˵ģʵûҪκȥǲºģ̳ҲϹȴĲѽ
Ҷ˷һϹ⻰֪һ⣬ɲҶ˷ѣȴЦΪҼⱦ£㻹лĻ𣿲¸㣬ܿѱʱΪʮӣܼʮڲĻǾˡ
ֱǸ
Ҷ˷ŭԽԽûˣԼûκָȻ˵ʮ֮ɱ˶Է䣬˶ԷȦ𣬼ȻԷѼⱦ˵Ǿһаļⱦ¼ʮӡ
ļһӱ𡣡
Ҷ˷˫ȭһգǵ
ɯɯ˵ǸϹҸòڼⱦ¼ʮӰɣǿǻҼΪǿķ֮һѽҸףȫмܵסⱦ
ɵϣҪмǰѽѵͷҪӲƴɡϹǼһﲻͣ㣬Ϊ߳ȥ㣬㼫ⱦٴʮҲɱġ
˼ǣǸϹҸûҴ潻棿
Ѿ˵ˣѵǻе˼𡣿ӣӷѾҵļƻûԼսиҷָʤġսȫ䣬Ҫһеʵ赲Ҵ̳
Ҷ˷Ѿɱˣݺݿųӷ磬ɳӷͲҶ˷һۣȥ
ϹĻǿ󣬿ٵγһ޴Ļ򣬶ңڷֻһֻ
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Ƿ
溰磬Ƿֱ׼ʵ壬һ
ڣһϹңͬʱϹңڻڴͬһַӡ
Σҿɡϳҵʵ壬ҾͲҲ㣬ֱһ
ΪˮƽķҲĹҵ۾𣿡ȥɣ͸ۣα


2540 Ҿѧӣ
Ϲһ𣬾һվŲõ˿ֶѡһĻʣûʲô𡣡
ƴţʵڿȥˣϹҵĵҲ̫˵㣬ӷǽȥģ뽫ʱ׼赲Ҷ˷紳̳ϹҵãֱӾ͸Ӳƴ
ţҿɲ㣬嶯µġ͹ԹԵĴŰɣôӦһսһսӮأ
ӷ֪ϹһôˣԲƴţǰҸ㣬ûаյ֮£ҲһףȻˣǾ˵Ϲе׵ġ
һʵ壬һӱϿֶѡһķȷǸû̫𣬿ɵεı߸߾˫۱Ϊ͸һ̣Ҷ˷ߵĶͻȻһֵ
ڣɢǿҵĳȣͬԪأͬʱɢң㹻ʵͨ򿴵ϹҵĻ֣ᷢϹҵϣһ㱡ĳңֳڱ˿ûʲô˵ģΪȼɵģڶĿʹ²ˡ
Σס֣
ĴһɻεıȴѾһǼⱦ˵һ;û⽣ջ
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ڣϹõģȻҲʵ֮ûлû̫ķһˣҲҪûû˿ԥȥѡһĿ꣬ɲѡһʵ壬һȥԱߵһͻģ
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˿̵ĻбѾϹҵϣҲûȥⶨĵѣһȥֻڿٵıɢϹҵһΪһ̣ƴţȫŵðһ亹ֻгӷ磬һŲæӣһҲûϹһ¡
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תȴǰһǿҵĹâ˫޷
һֱ̫ӳѹʱ˫ֶס֮⣬
мˣ˵ȭѽǰ򱳺ʮ·̫ȭ
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һȭͷڻεϣҪֵǰȫȭͷٶֿ죬ޱȣûֵĻᶼûС
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γϹҵһ̫ȭ˽侲еıҲѾʧֻһˣһӹ󣬱ͽӡڣҪٴλҪ֮ǰĵȫָУҲҪʮСʱʱ䣬ԣһ֮ڣβٳκβˣ
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ΣһУáס֡
Ҷ˷綼ˣɲҪĽɱһϹңȻһУȫûǸҪ
ڵĻΣѾȫˣ˭ĻȥмⱦȻһӣǿؽϵĳӷҶ˷磬ͬʱʮףˣȫףĺ򣬺¡һһɾ죬ϵĴֻȫˣˣȫ˺У


2541 ܾˣ
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ֻڴӷ粻Ҫʱˣʲôֶˣ˫ʲôǱסε÷
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վסɯɯܹȥһ𡣡

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Ѿ˽սϵľ̫СϹˡΪ˵ǰ㣬ӷֵܣ̬ô׾ͱɱĻǻܽǱ̬
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εȫγɣ죬أˡ·߽Ϊһ壬ʱ֮ʮʮǿƣֱѹϹҵϡ
ϹԻεһɱУ˶סˣҪ֮ԿϹҵʣڶʱ𣬿ɾˣҲǵвһɱеѽ
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ϹҵһƺĺΣ˫ӡǿĻ⣬Ϲҵγɣһֻ޴ĻˣϹҵ
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ĸҶ˷ȴΪͬʱǰһҲóӷһȻӷ粻֪ϹʲôҶ˷ģʱ֡
áҳҶ˷磬Ǹڳ֣Ҳˣʲôʮǰʼɡ
øͬʱ֣Ҷ˷һֹס˶ģ˵ˡ
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֪Ƿ̡ӣǰˣϹһöûСڻû׼ãʱͷȫսһôûУҲ޷̳
ӷЦҶ˷磬ˡʱǿʱ֣ڶܲܳɹˡ
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ãȻǷ̡Ļ쵰Уˣ
˼ҶѾɱˣ㻹ɱƨѽӣûκĿʩչǾ͵ڴԼ
εɫ䣬ѾûֵĻˣǿķֱӸ˻εȫ

ⱦŻε漴ɻε塣
磬Ͽ֮š
󺰣μȥԼ군ˡ
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֮ţڶĵǰһǻε֮ţֻмʹ֮ŵһǰˡ
Ҷ˷һѣǰ֮Ŵ򿪣δߵ֮ڱץ˳
˿̵սϣ˶Ǳս˰㣬ȫڣΪ֮ŵĹϵΪӸ߼ɣһ¾͵˳ɣɯɯһȥˣϻƣϽƣǾǱɵġ
棬Ͽʼơɯɯ㻤
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溣ϵеһĻϹԱԲУⶼʲôʲôѽͬھһս˭ʤ˭ܣ


2542 󶷷
ڵǸʲôһˣһˣһսǲƽ֣
˵ʲôأӷˣҶ˷ֻˣȻ˵Ӯˣ
ȷֳս˵һˣһˣ˵˳ʲôٻţȻӮڶս
ϵȫ۾ҲڵģĳӷΪ䲻쭣ǸʱɾͲͨĶսˣһ˫ض֣ôϵˣ˭Ҳⲻˣ
ȫ˺еĴֻȫˣˣǿߵһ·ûˣԣϵ治ϣ鷢ϣӷòҪôСѽ˾˰ɣһӮˣڲսֻҪӮһսȡȫʤĻġ
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һЦзˣȫ̧ͷһ˫˫ͬ˹Ƶģе˼ͬʱһִδйη壬η壬ͷ·һԵԨĶħ㣡
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Ӧ˵Ǹ֮ôķʽȥʲôطл棬Խġ
ΪʲôȻ飡
ˣӣȻΧţ˵ǵһʹԴңԴÿһΣͻһ𡣡
ɣҲ˵
ÿһΣͻһ
Ҳ̫Ҹ˰ɣϹҴѧԴȻЧ
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ȫ£Ҹӷ֮Ķս˫ҲԲġ


2543 ̳֮սĻ
κһҪӵˣǿ֮Ҷ˷ôȣҲֿˡӷͬ˵һɣܶʱһҲҪҲһˣĿֱӱֳǲĵڵ˲䣬Ϳĵ׵Ŀһ
ӷֿһǶȥĻҲ˵װƣֻǴᱻǿԽ׵硱ȥˣ
ûĵϹһѧ˱̬ԴģѾһӵеˣȻз̸֮ң̸ϹҵΪʵÿһΣΪͻһ׶Ρ
ܣϹԼ֪Դ˵ЧȻ֪Լ˶ٴˣεҲ˵һɺϰɣҪϵľǸʱ˹ΪʱҲûܰϹҵֵԭˣ
޴Ŀն˸߿գ˵˫ۣĿϹҡ
޴Ļ漦Ӧ˵һ˵ѾѺۣڵϹңҲѾָʶ˴Цûаη壬ԼԭΣԼ޷ɢԭΣڵıԶԼֵܳţ㣬ϹŲɣҲ˵ڵϹҸʲôȥģԭҶ˷磬˰ԼֵסɢˣǱˣǳӷ硣
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νĶս˱ƴԵ֮ƴΪ˫Ŀ궼ǶԷһΪɱһΪֻҪԷֹͿˣ
Ҷ˷Ľ𷢣Ѿųɽ⣬ȫļҲ˫Ҳǽɫģһĳˣ˵ǳҲģġ
ƬգǿĽסѾ˵ܶ඼Ѿ˺ףǿɲȥҶ˷ǿϳӷҲҪˣǿߵȻû˿Ա֤᲻֮ǰǰǿ˫һԿͬᳬ޴󲨼ġ
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ӷ磬ҵȵ˰ɡ㣬ͷ֮ޡ
ɺʯȻҲ˵ĸȸͽˣӷҶ˷ǱߣҲȥһ֡
Уӣϻǵɲ˵Եĸƻ
ҲҪȥֹɺʯĻɺʯûзϣֱӾͳϿճȥ
ҲȥɺʯһԿģ˵ɱӷˣԼסһĻĹ֮һĲ֮ɹʱȥʲôѽⲻȥװô

ҲҲգԱ绹ҪʮٶȣɺʯǰλãպþѾӷҶ˷粻Զˡ
ӷ˫΢ת֮ˣɵĿЦһ˵û뵽Ȼ㡣
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Ȼ鶼Ѿչزʱ͸ӷȫ濪ս޷̳Ҷ˷绹ҪǣƳӷġ
ԭɹӡɹӣʵǲףɼ壬ǳ۵£ҪԸǳ۵Ķӣʱܹݵһѽ
ò˵Ҷ˷ǸˣȽɺʯԼˣɺʯҪǾ͸ԼûϵˣҲ˵Լ˵ȥԸӷɡ
Ҷ˷磬ٸһסΪʲôҪӦúڵʥڵ֮£ȫڿūƿصУɼū͵ģڰɱ˳ӷ磬ҲǰԼ
ҲܣҲɱӷĻ֮䣬͸Ϊɣ˭ȵ֣˭ı¡
ǻʲô϶ְɡ
ɹǿͣɡ
ãǲȳ֡
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֪ʵǿڶԷˣҶ˷Ҳ֮£֮ϡңֵסɺʯɣȥԸҶ˷ͺá
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ȸѵҲʱֲɣ
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ȸģôме˼
ҲҲ̲ס˵ˡ
˵Ŷҵ˭أԭҲѽãܺãû뵽ⳡϷԽԽˣǾͼȥɡ


2544 Զ٣
ȻǸȫѾǳˣǳӷҲûҪɺʯԼܹҲ͹ֲˡ
Ҷ˷磬㲻ҪֹǾͰĻĹ֮ȫҿĻĹ֮ǿҵĲ֮ǿɡ
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ȻҲվһߣȸҲģ˵ɺʯҪҶ˷ֶԸӷ磬һмҲͲһվڶǱˣΪȻӷ뵽Ҷ˷ĿģɼǱҲһĵ
̳֮ʲôӷҶ˷ףɼˣδ֪ˡ
ģȸҲѾöûˡ뵱ʱ򣬺Ѿǧǰ˰ɡ
ȸ˵Űǰ˫ĽսΪһ˲ò룬һֱǹڻġȻˣǾͲҪϻֱӿսɡ
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Ҷ˷磬֮£㲻ܣҲܣǾǵġҪֹңҪﰢңǾͿ˭ı¸ˡ
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ӷ磬ҲôˣӦ֪ʲôеưɡ֪һеƣһĵƣȻҲ֪ĵʲôԿ϶ǣһ񷶦йءΪ񷶦񷶦֮һȴֻӵһĹ֮ˡڣԲ񷶦һĹ֮еԿˣӦòҵְɣ
ٸһףҲһסȻ֣ܡսţȫҹ
ʮ˰æҾͽһսţ뿴ʮ۷ҵսǿΪϵвϣҲ֧һġ
ԶôǾͶɡ
Զˣܰôаɣ


2545 ̳
ȻҶ˷Ҫ̳ӷ޷޷̳Ǿƻǰɣδȫİ֮£ûа취֮£ֱȥ̳ΪҶ˷׼ٴĻҶ˷ĳɹʾͻüɾͶ̳ڵʮ˺ܲˣ
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ʱ򣬲ӿҶ˷磬·ߣһ赲ڶ̳ΪҾԲץסõʱġ
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ССԴҿȸᲢۡ죬趯ɡ
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ܺãؼ汸ΪȸĺˡȻˣҲҪˡ񹦡ףְɡ


2546 ͻĹ
ϳһװɫףһͷֳּޱȣ·ԴݻǿĶƣ֮¶Ϊεķ
ڶĵУһѰɫĴ󵶣֮䣬ĺ֮ǿԽ԰֮ڵĿռ䶼Ť
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ڿȸԣûǷӷκζ˵ˣ˵ӷȥвȸĻǲν飬һֵ⣬ȸ컹ˣΪʲôԭֻһǾǿȸĵҪӷģҲǿȸһһֱܰɡ
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ͼڸ߿֮ϣͻȻǵİÿһֻǾ޴ޱȣӵޱǿ
ǵİ󣬽еȫϣͬʱȸҲ˹ȥ
Եһεֵ
˿̣ӷҲǴ󾪲ԣоǿޱȵȷй̬ģǵԴϵףӷ磬δаյֵ
Ҷ˷ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬˵ʱͱеܽܣ̳Ҫôѽ
ǿѵǶǿе˳ǽģҲֻǱСˡ
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ӷһ䣬֮ԭֻõ͹ˣܽʣµ¶ˣڣͲݳӷ籣ı֮Ҷ˷еĻĹ֮治һֵֵܵܵסҲҪʱѽεֵʱڣȸɾûˡ
ӣƣͲ֪󺣵ж󡭡ɣҶ˷磬һС
ӷ뽫ı֮û뵽֮£һѪȻؼʱ̳˶ģȸҲҶ˷磬ӷڣ
ʲôǡѪԪظ֮ʲô˶棿


2547 ֮Ů⣬ᣡ
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ӷ籾ΪԼһƵģؼʱ̣Բóû뵽Ѿͷ治տ䣬ôסھܳˣ
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ûѾͷʱ򣬾ͼ̳үү㸸ףһȻֻһСֻ֣Ҫĳɳͻ᲻ġ벻ͨǣȻûκΪ֮£׵ʩչЩҽЩ
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ӷɫԽԽѿǱڵȻô۶ûӣϣǲкܴܵġȻӷҲ֪ڲ֪ͬһֶԼǺǻӷͲö֪ˡ
ڹܲôˡֹҶ˷ǡ

߿ֱӾҶ˷ǰóӷųһ亹

أһһŶ
㲻Ҫ𡣿ȥ裬ｻְִ
Ŷǵطǿʹȥġ
ʲô
̳
ɣ̳ѾպܶˣӦѾʧȥһΪʲô˵мȥ
Ҷ˷翴ǰıȻԼܽԼҪͷ
С궼Ȼǿҵһ̬ѽΪҪǣӣӦú飬Ȼ֪˵ԼҶ˷벻ͨĵطѵӷŮ֪ʲôη壬ʲôǺ
ӷ磬ȻԼŮƳҿɾͲˡ
ӷ˫жʱѪ˿Ҷ˷磬ҡ
ɣӱһС
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ӷûļȥҶ˷Ҳûļ֣ͻأ󣬾Ȼһ
⸱󣬿ɲǼ̳˳ӷĲҲֻв񷶦ŻӵУֵǡĹ
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ǲǷĹ𣡡
ѽǷĹһںϵķĹ
˫ָ߸߾Ц޾ɣɱ¾֮󣬰׹ɽ֮أһΪ硭ɫ⡭ҡᣡ


2548 ۵ı֣үֱ
̳Ǳߵļս˵Ѿʼˣűĳ֣ǳӷ绹Ҷ˷磬òٶȼӿ죬һҪ̳һҪֹԷĴ룬˵ߣѾ׵ȼû˿صˡ
һ棬˵Ĵ½ģһյ֮
һĴƣۼۼ֮ͬһ磬һ󷨰㣬κˣ޷룬һΪǿ֡
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ͻȻ֮䣬ϥ֮˫۴ӱյ͵΢΢һתϷ˹ȥ
̫ˣʱͱ¶˳ֱӱ¶˵˵ǰ
ϥ֮̾˿˫Եĵģַġ
Сڣ㱩¶̫磬ӦҲ취ѹסɡ

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˫۾ӵȦԵʮֿ£ĵط⣬֪˫۾ǺεȵĿ¡
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ħڳ۵໥֮ľ벢ǺԶɳȴûתȥħǺεȵǿ󣬳Ҳû˿η塣
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ѽǸóˣٲ֣ɾͺѿƵסˡ
˵ûнħĻħӲѳ۷ħϾҶ峤ѽǳԽ۷ĴڣߣȻҲڳ֮ϵģӹɣ
Ϊڳ֣𵽶ãճ֣ңѵΪһ㲻ɣ
ȻܳΪʥ޼ȻĹ֮ߣҲȻΪһ࣬Ͳܽġ
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˵һҲû㣬ҲҪ㣬Ҳ֪ġǧҪᣬ֮ԸΪ㣬Ϊң˽㡣
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ۣͲҪҿЦˣڵңɱ㡣
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ۣһ㶼ֱ㣬ҲһѡĻᡣԸħĻһὫҵħ˲ȫָӣҳΪħ֮µĵһˣǳңҲΪħĻ壬䡣
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η壬ˡ֮࣬һħ岻֮УηⶫͬЧġħ˵ʵҶ壬ҶûڹĻһǧǰѾˣ֮԰ڣȫΪҵĶӣҳң㱩ߣĳҲ֪ķֲһеĻָǰָ塣
ۣҪˣҶ壬ֻҵһӰˣȴܳΪҵ֣ҵ
ҶԣָӣûκεҳϷκ֮£ǾΪʱ̣ǵСɫвʱ̣ҲнĽзʤߣҳҡ
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ھҲ֪ķǰָı壬ҲҪ㣬ҪˣֻԼҲھͷųһսһȫ֮£֮ħҲܰɡ
ħ˫۾ʼŭʼɱ⣬ȴʱ
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ɣҳ۶յȫա
۾һƲ˵ˣŮ㣬ܲͷɣ
һһֱҲ䣬Ϊ׵תû뵽ӻͦģתˣΪŮʱҵħ˲ǣԣָֻܻǰԶָܻǰļ䣬Ҳ˵飬ǳңǲ֪ģҲϵõκι
ʵĲЩȻѾתΪҵŮǾҳҵ֪ǣǰħ壬ʲôݣȻҪħ˲ֲܽشӣħ壬ҲӦһһ֮£֮ϵĴڰɣ
˵һҲûһ֮֮ϣǧҵáħ

۷һЦ˵˼˼ħãȻΪҳ۵ŮⱲ֣ɾүֱˡӡ
ۣ㡭
ϻ˵ˣͱ𼤶ˣҪıָ֮Ҽɡˣûʱġϸʧɡ


2549 ŮԵз
ȻӴȥսҶ˷磬óӷľѽ㱬ǿҪսҶ˷Ļǿһ˶ռѽҶ˷ҲǰСͷǸӷйϵģȫĨɱ£ǳӷΪ׵ģ治֪ôˡ
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һ˱ɫ֮УȻһĹ˫֣ͣĴŷӡ·ĳֲ֪ڲϵĽ⡣
ʲô
Ҷ˷綼Լ۾оǸô£еķĹô£ָоôôϤȴ˵Ŀֲ
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顭
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ôܣӷŮΪʲôӵħ֮УֻҶ壬ӵѽ˸ͲӵУΪ
ϻŵгӷҶ˷˿ȫɵۣ
⵽ô£Ҷ˷һ׹ǣһС޴ֻʣһ׹
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ɹ𣬱Ŷ
Լ˵ôģţԼս֮аӷȡȫʤ
Ҫ˺䣬Ŷ
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ӷ絽ڣ΢Ӧһ˫۾Ŀű˵⣬ǱǴģ
ڿɲǳӷԾʱΪ㱬ô죬ҪҶ˷磬ǻ̫˵㣬ΪҶ˷İ׹ǣѾʧˣӷ󺰵
ʲô
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ӷ磬ŮȻӣħŮħĳλܵתɡܿϧӵħΣϾ̫Сֲ£ǲܶ˿˺ġ
Ҷ˷Ӻ洫Ļӷ粢ûתȥĿű
ʲôɣҶ˷絽ں˵Щʲô
ħ˵ԼŮӵеֹǹħģôܣԼŮôܻйϵôܻħתֱǺ˵˵
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ӷͻȻһŭֱ֮ӱ˳
ӣŮһ㶼˽ѽڷŭʲôãҿԺȷĸ㣬ŮӵеȫģħǺԣˣħ˵תħȻδѽȻתǳңΪŮӷ磬㲻ʱһĻҽ㻹ھͽŮɱɣ󻼡
ӷ˶סˣƴţǼҲȫɵˡ
ħ˵תôܣҶ˷쵰ȻгӷɱԼŮôܣ
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һʲô֪ӣųӷ磬ֿ˿Χˣÿһ˵񣬶Եĺ֣ñеһֱӣ˹ĸоĺӣͳָо˫۽ˮ֪ڵʲôҲ֪ΧˣԼĸΪʲôԼӲףҶ˷˵Ļʲô˼ʲôʲôħ壬ʲôתģЩһҲ
Ҷ˷ɵĺܣΪҲ֪ӷĵ˭ûħ壬ԼҶҸ壬ħǲģħ˾ȻתΪ˳ӷŮһֽǶ˵ӷŮͳΪ˳ӷĵˣһħˣӷôɱԼŮ
ϷѽǳϵĺϷѽӷ磬ְɣյĴУħѾǲߣһתΪŮڲֽŮɱպħһ£ŮͻᷴɱˡŮУĺϷѽ


2550 ħʥ˲ڣ
ѾˮıΧ˵۹ôĿ£ôļ·ҪƵģָоеʮֵĿ־壬һȥ
ΪʲôΪʲôҿҵô£ܹԵģûǱű
СѾͷѵ㻹ħˣǳӷĵˣȻѾתΪ࣬Ϊ˳ҵħ壬Զܸıġ
Ҷ˷ڿڻϼͣ쵰Ͳ׳ӷһΪ׵ĸܣ뽫ӷеǷӷΪħתֽɱ˵ĻȲ˵ģңԼңƼңԭ³ӷģͬӷߺֵܶܽã۹ȥǸʱ򣬳ӷɾͳΪϵĹ¼ҹˣ⣬ҲҶ˷Ŀڡ
ħ壿ħ壿ܣǳҵôħ塣ֱں˵˵Ҫɱ㡣
ŭʱ򳹵ױ˳˫ٴδһֹķӡҶ˷磬̻ţľͷɬõĺڰɫᡣ
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һΣҶ˷ûȥ㣬ҲûлûκεķֱӾͽ˱һС
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ӷ磬Ҳ˰ɡħҾ֪ħ嵱Уֻһˣ
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ƴţȥԼĶ䣬˵ֱǺ˵ŮôܻħãǱܻʲôħġ
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Ҫ֪֮У۷ֻҲǸմﵽõġ
ħ壬˸սУ˰˴ħ˵ÿһսŵԱȻûΪֵ֮ģǺεǿǿ֪ģ͸˵ǰ˸ħˣħʥеħħ
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һ£
תħΪʲôҪתΪʲôҪΪԼĶŮΪʲôҪתԼֻħļƻǲھԼ֪ѽҶ˷ҲûӽħļƻԼɣ
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ӷ磬Ѿ֪˹һҲΪǿҶѾˣðűħΣոģΪֻ㿴Ůжô¡㲻ĽɽһУߵȫĻȫΪŮȥĻڣɱɣ˵ĺ󻼣ħʥ֮һ£ħ
ħǱߣΪָܻǰļ䣬Żµġû뵽ʲô֪Ҷ˷һȻΪǿһֱӾ͸˳ӷ磡
ڻûףûҶ˷˼ȴ֪һ˵ʲôû
ɲôΧÿһ˵񣬶ñò￪ʼţȫҲѾйˡ
ӷ磬ʲô
ͻȻ䣬ӷԺУ̵
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ϿţǳȥѾɹں˵֮ǰҲõ˺ôҸ裬ѾǵɵΪˡ
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2551 Ůı֮
ҵ˳Զɽۣӷ硣˵ʱ򣬶Ǹвͬġ
óԶɽ˵ɣΪңԼĶŮ뵱꣬ӷڵʱ򣬳ԶɽļӸŮӸŮ뽫ӷ֮죬ǸʱĳӷҲ˷Էˣûֱɱ֣ҲڳҡǵǸʱĳԶɽǽӷһжģΪ˳ҵδΪ˳иõļ̳ˣԶɽûȥֹֻһֻۣһֻۣʲôûпƵġ
ò˵ԶɽһһΪ˭˵һۣۣںܶ෽棬ǲԶɽġ
û뵽죬ӷҲ飬Ҳû뵽Լĵ֮һȻתΪԼŮóӷһʱ֮ͷӦ
վڴ˵ħħתǾһǱڵľ޴вħʥеһħãһħŵģǾǳӷ磬һˡվڵֻǸǶ룬ǳӷΨһŮΨһŮôһǱڵĺ󻼣ӷҲܶԼŮ´˶ѽ
ѹ֣ѹСѻôòѹڵʱСѵһҲûлеļԭħʥתǳҵѽ
մӲ񷶦˵ӷ磬ҿɾˣá
̣Ӧ˽ҵ֮һһôˣôôľѵ㻹᲻֪ûڿԿ϶ǣȷħʥתħתɼȻѾתˣŵģҳҵѪ࣬ԭҲǴԳģȻѾˣǾͲԳһ塣
ӷɫʼ仯ǹɱԽԽŨˣĿܻ꣬Ǳ
ƴţһ嵽˱ǰ˵о˾˱㣬Ҫ¡
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Ҷ˷籾뿴һϷһɱŮĺϷģû뵽ӷȻȻˣҲñţħתʵ̫вˣܳΪҵвǽضΪԼҶҵвԣҪĨɱ
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ǣƴţô˵ֻǵɵ㣬ҪҶ˷ӵлĹ֮Ǽֱ𣬲ֵܵס

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׼Ҵţ˾ˡƴˡѪɫԲ£հذ󰡣졭£
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ҽеȫ㶯СҲ˺
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㿴ô
ʲôǡ
ǲõģȴҵŮɱǸŮ֮ĹϵҪùˡı֮


2552 ȫս
Ҷ˷ʱĴ̳ͲҪȥˣΪȸҲʱȫûзӦΪǿȫһϡ
ͬʱҶ˷绹ŵڶֵİţʮҲʱȫ嵽˶Ǳߣʮ۷ɵȫ˶ĵڣҶ˷Щ۷壬Щȫӷ˸Χ
ʱ֮䣬Ҷ˷ӷ綼ȫӷΪŭĹϵΪҪܵκ˺ȻİٵĲ֮˳
ıĲ֮ⱾǳӷΪԼµһŵƣӷҲֻὫ֮ܵıġ
ֻϧڵĳӷѾˣҶ˷ﱬΪҶȥһĺ󻼣Ǳֽʮεһ̳ˣ̳ڵĻʮˣͻΣգ
Ҷ˷оϿһǿޱȵѹ֮ǿ󣬾Ҷ˷罫еĻĹ֮ȫ˻ĹŻ޷赲סӷı֮
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ȷӷ绹ûϵҶ˷ȻܽĹ֮ô࣬⻹ǳӷʧѽ
ӷӵеĲ֮ɲ񷶦ͷųĲ֮Ҷ˷ûȫĹŻںϵ֮£ʩչıĹ֮һǴȱݵģҲ˵ӷƵģҶ˷ǷƵģҲһ߷¶ѣ
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ӷ󺰵ְɡ

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ͬһʱ䣬ϹҵˣҲѾ嵽˶ߣİٶ˵ȫۼһ
ģҪ̳ȹһذɡ
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ģϵĻʲôȸ⡭ȸұըɡ
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֮ڣϣɼ˵ȷʱ䡣
ǣ
ȫ̳֮սʽ죡


2553 콣
ʱ˿̣ˣӷҶ˷ڣȫѾĳ֣Ҳ͵ǱСͬʱҲһԲаս֮ǰεԲУɾҪضˣֻҪһСģСͻᱻش·һ
ɲôȻ鶼ѾչһҶ˷ȻҶԳӷΨһŮɱ֣ʳӷôܻŹھ뺣սʿսӷҲϧģΪ׵һΣ˭˺ԼŮԼȥ֮һƴĲ֮ıı屶ֱҶ˷ſΪֹ
ƴţǣҲΪ赲Ĵ̳ȫȫ˳ÿһ˶һҲľģʲôɻȻЩܴһССĵĴ½ǰҲǾģÿһˣڹŹǰػΣûܣΪ˽һսɡ
֮ôܵжôǿ󣬲ܵҶ˷绹Ҷʲôħ壬ʲôħ˲ڣʲôħʥҲãֻҪЩˣ͸ҸƴƴһƴһˣҲԲġ
⣬ǵսʿҲǿū˵һսսģѾΪˣҲκһ˻κһеǷԴڱߵÿһˣԼˣԼѣܵκε˺
ɺʯҲѾ˽ֱӾӭɼֻһȸҲ֮ĻսУ˵ˣȫһţΨӷҶ˷磬һսκ˶޷һǿս
߿нʢ·½ıĲ֮ıĻĹ֮Ǹ棬κ˶޷£޷ģҲûκ˿԰ǣҲûκεˣһУֻܿԼˡ
ϹҸո˵ɵĲ㣬ҾʣʱڣԽΪɵ㣬ҲмɵΪˡ
ƴţ佣ҲԼʣӵɵ㣬ʱ˵Ĳ㣬˼̳ϹҵĴУ޴ϹģҲѾ˳
ƣϹĽһȽЩļһȫĨɱ
á
ҵĸ˳佣һ𣬽ĺ϶Ϊһ
ʲôǰ
ϹҸҵġСѵϹҸҵĺ𣿷ǲܻӵҵĵġ
һȫˣǵΪǵвĵģҶԷҲǵɼ
佣˫һӣƣľͽˡ
ȥɣЩˣͽˡ
佣ɲܸһ̫ˣʵ̫࣬Щ۷ļһ֮󣬻ôӵеɼҲҪЩ᲻ͣ׷ġ
ϹģġұɣȫĨɱ
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ƽĵȫ˳ҲΪĵĽϣڸͲҪϹеȥˡ
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ܣ˼̫ˡ
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ֻƵ£һͼͬʱƵƣÿһƶڿٵÿһƶڷĹ㣬ʹΧеˣȫЩƸУһĺȥ
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ѾƵһ佣֣ڱ׷֮£ܾͻܵ˺ˣϾ̫࣬㱬ӵħղҶ˷ĶԿҶ˷ѹ֮ڵıľͲٴη°ļˡ
򽣹ڡȫɡ

ৡ
Ľ⣬ȫԺĺ˹ȥ̸ֹͣеѾתȥʼ佣ˣҲ
裬佣һǾԵֵסôġңȥ佣
ãϾȥԼҲСһ㣬Ͼǲ֪Ҷ˷绹ûдǿ߹
İɣҸоϢˣҶ˷ȫ
費˵ʲôֱƹ佣ߡ
佣򽣹֮ΪҲޱȵǿһзѾθɢˣһȴûиɵһǱŰΧסˡ
佣ңһɱȥ
СոճأϢûȶͲӦùġ
ˣͱ˵ôϻˡ
ҲܸӲסǵעȥ
佣
ʶţȫɡͨ죬⶯ء콣顣
ǡ
ƴţ̶佣һѰ׹⽣Ѷɰ׹γɵģޱȵľ޴Ű֮üʮ֮
콣佣ռܣ콣Ҳʱʮǵʱ򣬾ۼʮѽγɵģֻǰûùˣ򲻵ѵʱ佣ҲὫռܸʩչ
Ѿز佣жˣһз佣ʵԽеȫͬʱ佣Ҳ鷳ģΪһǱеʩչģеľС棬ܵȵ˺ɱǻԲ֮Բѽ
˲֪佣콣ӷ綼֪һֱ佣ڵĻƴţȴĺܣûҲ佣˵ռܵģǸʱ򣬻ǻƴţռܣ佣˵ġ
ԻʮһԱĻƴţ佣Ȼ콣ҲǴһ佣Ҫûġ
ܲôˣܻƴţô佣ҲѾֹͣˣ
裬ֹһһ˵ġ
ʲô
Ҳû뵽佣ΪڻɱȥȻֶΣɲˡ
佣ֹͣΪֵá
ֻҪܰҵɱȥʲôֵáңҲһͻ
СͷΪССһѽɱ𣿡
佣߾콣û뵽һֻͷϣȻһŮˣһɫƤŮˣŮûдκε·ӣ·ϴ󣬴Ⱥ佣
ǰħŮǺƤŮ˳֣һʱͿԿ϶һ¡
ĻԭЩǳȺֻ֮࣬һֻȫǻûġǸŮˣڡ
˼ǲ˵ֻҪǸŮˣҲ߽ˣ
û㡭
ûˡŮаɡ콣
˵ˡ
ŮһֻȻ콣ôһֻ֣ͽס佣ռܡ
֮Ȼۼе֮佣콣סˡ
˵ˣûõġҵ֮ǿķһҵķ޷ͻơ
佣ɫ䣬û뵽ŮȻһֻ־ͽԼ콣
佣ѿı飬ܿͷת䣬Цһ˵ס콣ʲôãѵΪҵռܣֻн𣿡
ʲô˼ǡʲô
Ůû뵽佣ڷ콣һֽס֮漴һһ޴ĵ
ߣּң㶼֪Ҳǰаɡ
콣Ǿ
콣ϲ佣ռܣ
Ҳûá֮ҷ
顭
Ӻ湥ŮŮٴֳһ
佣˿ҲûŮǿķ˵޵൶нǵ赣Ψȸߡ콣ϲ


2554 ߴս
ý˾ȻͻȻ˵
ǵ赣Ψȸߣ
Ǻεȵ漣Ǻεȵİ
佣ҲȥһѪװ
迴ڵ佣ǱϢѾȫʧ٣޴磬ۼԪأ佣Ϊƣÿһ磬񽣣һǰһ󣬶ŮͬʱҲʹŮķҲ˵֮۷ľ硣
벻ѽȻǵ˫ޡԭһΪһƽѣû뵽óһƵɲǵǽֻǵ赣ҵĳǰҲ𲻵κõġ
Ů˫ֿʼӡٵķӡһֻֻĽһ𣬵ǰֻʣһֻˣһֻӴޱȵҲŮվŵֻ
߼ɣ
ܵһǿѹȻǸ߼ɵ
ԭҶ˷Щֻһ߼仯ɵİˡ˵ʲô;˵ޣӵô࣬ƭ
֮ǰڲ񷶦ڱչأɶҲһЩ
ǰʥŮʱ򣬻óӷûҪҶ˷Ȼ鷳ɾʹˣֱһϸԼ
ҲãȻеѾΪһ壬ͺðˣ
佣ҪСġŮ˿ɲ򵥣û´ĻԦһ壬Ҳ˵ʵԼ
Ů˻ȻܲµҺҲûҪʲôˣǽ֮ˣҾʵǰɡ
ŮվŵֻӴȻڸϣһŮ壬ͿʼӴ͸ղŵһӴ
ȻûѾ仯Σ͸һ޵Ļ
ϸоϢȴӵһС⵽ô£
ŮҲ˳ڲͬ
ΪǰҲħޣеһ֣ңʱңħŮ
Ŷԭˣԭħޣ޵ǰ
޵ǰ
ûһΪħ޸֮䣬ֻϵĲɣھͿԸ㣬ʵޣǴħ޽ģ֮ޣʲô棬ǰħҪǿաȻǰħŮֻҪúŬһѣҲǿԽ޵ġֻϧ壬»壬͵ޣħһͽ
ٸ˵ôϻޣˣеһԱЩˣȴҪΪħצҪ磬ɴ˵ǣͽ
ħ˵ţҲСɫܽе
ɣҽһͽ
佣Ӱһ˳ǰ˵ͽˡ
Уռܿǻᡭ
˵Ҳһͱ
СӣôĿٴҲûã죬ЩˣͳͳҪ
Ǿʶһ£콣Ľϰɡɣߡ
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Ůһ絶罣ĳ߳Լ˹һӵŽУͷıı䳤̣κ֮½ĽվԭزҪѱͿԴ˷κεˡ
֮
ߣ⽫һߵĶԾ
֪һսԼ֣佣Ů֮սԼֵĻǾ͵ǿ佣Ӯˣ佣˵Ҳһ۵㡣
佣ôһˣֻҪսֻҪ׼Ķ֣Ҫһ˵ȥ˴ܡ
佣һսʤġͽˡ
ȥţǱ߰ɣŮˣһԡ
˵ͷûκεķϻֱӳƴţǱߡ
佣еĵߣţѱ֣ͽСߡҪ̫ŵ֣Ϊ򵥵֣õɱˣս
һԣСӣΪߣսʤ𣿡
Ƕ˵ǰϣ仰󣬾ͽдҽԵߵֻСɣҵߣռɡսڲʼ
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һ佣յߵһӣγһߣŮǰȥŮǰʱͻȻһת䣬ֻͬʱţ𣬲ͷѾŮ
۾ߡ
۾ߣ׺ݣ飬һȡڻĮеĹ¶ߡ
Ҫ˵ٴΣĹһҲûСԷ
Ů˺⣬⣬γƣһ佣ʲôλᱻֵģ


2555 ԶܵУ
ߵͷƹŮʱֱӴӺ󷽶ŮıŽ
۾ߵֻޱȣͷ·䵶ʣĵϣ۾ߵͷ罣̳ͲŮķжǿӲȥ
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εȻŮķû˿˺ŮУҲһ㶼ģĵ濴佣Ҳ˵ûȥ佣ĵߣɵ߶ٴεĹŮмһˣ
ţѵΪķǿ𣿡
Сӣ㶼ιˣѵڻסƾͲͻҵķ㻹ǻؼҶɣҲɱ㣬ɱһϹӣҲʲô¡
ϹӣȻ˵佣ϹӣȻʵ仰ȴκ˶˵ġ

ʲô
˵ȡ
Сӣ㻹治һĿ֮ǰôǿĹѾľ˰ɣ𽥵ʧֻҪʧСҲˣĻҪҶ֡
ķȷǿǿˣڹȴǱޱȡҿԿ϶˵֮£ңҲ޷̫˺
佣ôһ˵ŮһļӿٶȣɫҲķǳѿ
ߣȻ˵ˣͲǲɱңɱңҵľʧԶȥҲ㶯ˡǲǣ
Ů˱۾֪ʲôȴ佣˵ǰ㣬ķȷǿޱȣΪ߼ɣ¾۷ɣ޷ͻķ
ôγɵģɾеۼһγɵģȻŮ·Ƿ͵ģͱ벻ʣ˿ģȫۼڷ棬ڹ棬һտӣͬͨһĿտӣ˵ɱ佣ˣں֮µЩˣɱˣ
Ƶʱ򣬾˵ӷǿˣû뵽µˣҲһǿɾΡѵҸ߼ۼķɣ
ˡ
ҴˣҴʲôط
ңǳӷ£ǳӷġֵܣǼˡЩһȻɱȻɱ̳ڵʮֵܽãǾͱ븶󲻵Ĵۡ
佣һӣΧ漴佣ٴιŮûЦΪ佣һεĹһٶҲûУһҲûУһٶȣŮǰ
ô𣿸ղŻ˵ôѪھȻеûˣҾ͵ſôɡ
𣡡
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ʧˣСӣȥɡ
˼
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ŮյһЦ⻹ûЦ꣬ͻȻ֮䣬ǳǰͷʱһǿޱȵΧеԪأȫۼ˹ɽ⣬Ҳȫۼһ𣬾ۼͷ֮ϡ
ûʧֱɢȥˣҽеû֮£ۼͷ֮ϣ
ǽˡ
ȥɣʣµȫһ壬Ҳܶҵķκ˺ġ
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εĹͬʱһϣŮķ㣬һǿҵ𶯣£һǿҵıը佣֮ģֻŮķ̫ǿˣ佣ȫתƵŮĽ£Żڽ²ըġ
Сӣ˵ˣû˿ĵ£ܶҵķκвοء
ǲҪϸ㣬ɲҪʱԼĶ֪
Ůû佣ĻϣֻʶĵͷһԼؿڣҲ佣ոչĵط
ⲻãһ֮£Ůı鷢˷츲صı仯ΪǰǵȻѺۣѺۣ׼ȷ˵ǰķֱӵʧðһʧķֳһֺɫҺ塣
ôܣǡ
ļһѵ߶֪ΪҸղŵĹȥҸ㣬ղŵֻǷɢעˣΪʱߵĶҺѾķ֮ϡ
㣬ɣȻö
û취ķҵȷƲˣΪսʤ㣬Ҳֻʲôֶζˣ˵ǶɵֶΣֻҪսʤ㣬ȫϵġ
㡭
ˣٸһ¡ҵֵܽУκһ˾ӣǸһֻҪΪսʤˣֻҪΪ˱ߵˣκαֶΣϡ
佣һЦˣͷˡɡ
໡
ɫĺϣ佣ߣΡ
û뵽ⶼ㷢ˣʶȻǿ
ΪŮͬضӦûðɣ
ȻֻҪҵͽǸ߼ɡ
ҾͲˣͰɣȥǡ
ãҳˣҲͿԼսˡ佣ֵܣлˡ
ץʱ䡣
佣תƴţǱ߷ȥֻŮһҽУ֮νŮνˣ


2556 ߺˣ
ӷҶ˷絽ڶû㶯·ڵȶԷȶְ㣬Ϊﶼʮ£˭ȶ֣ͻ¶ԣǳӷ绹Ҷ˷磬˫ıȴ׵ĳ֣
Ҳ˵ǳӷ绹Ҷ˷磬ڵȴŻᣬ˭ͲסֵĻᣬᣬҪƴţĵȥˣֻҪƴţܽĸ赲Ҷ˷Ȼͻᰴ಻סȶ֡ͬģһû赲ģ̳ǳӷͻͲסȶ֣ʤڶֵ֮ˣ
Ҷ˷磬ᴵѽֻһȴҪôںˣΨһһҲѾˣ˶һĺѽ
ΪŮķ׵Ľɵ𣿱ˣŮǸ߼ɣǸΪ׵ĺܡ
Ҳˣֻͬģ˫ļ̫Զ޶ԣֻҪͬ࣬ͺȥɶԷܶԷжôǿ֮󣬶ܼ̳еԷΪҲ˵ߣھͶһ߼ˣҲͲҪԲֹ֮ͬͿֱӼ̳е
ʵҶ˷˶һѣȻû佣ŮܣҲܼһĴѽ
ӷ˵ޣ࣬źܴΪϵĲ࣬ͲӰ쵽ɷ飬ĻҪǰ鷳Բȥٽнϣ֮䣬ֱӵɣɵԷΪͬһ֮䣬Źһϣޱ࣬Ҫˡ
Ҳһ߼ɣҲΪһ߼ɾôˣ̳ǴˣǱҲ߼ɰˣϿȸΣɼȻˣǶȻǴʲôС۵ģû´ĻɼĵһΪ̳֮ʲôǿıǸᱦģ֮ҲȥԵģﶨһ̳
Ҷ˷˵һҲû˿̣ѾŮɵˣͲҪκεûûԭֱӼ̳еΪѾ˻ƴţǱߵսƤһ߼ɣͬʱķ˽
ɶмƾЩˣͲֵܵס
ȸʱҪȥģϣҲֱӾ͵˿ȸǰ
ӷ磬˵ûɡɼ壬ǰҵģܻ㡣
ΣҾɵ𡣽Ҫ̳ɱҵˣǾԲܵġ
ѵ㻹ȥ赲ɣҸ㣬ֻҪڣͲ̳ܿ벽ȽҴ򵹡
ʱ򣬲㻹ң׳֡˵Ҳû򵽣ҸͲȥ赲˴̳
⣬ӷЦһ˵ΪҾһȸ𣿡
ʲô
Ҷ˷ͻȻһֲõĸооӷ绹һ֣ңӷһ֣Ҳû֡
̱űѾ˳սղŵ¼ѾľҲѾ˹ȥҪչ˱Ͳܼսġ
ƴţǵˣȫۼ˿ȸΧɼȻǵвģһҲ˿ȸǰʱ򣬶Ǳߣǿ޵ģûκȥ赲
ʮΣеȫңһ̳
ǣĴˡ
ҼʮΣʮ۷ɣȫ˳ʮâȫ˶ĵϡ
ãҪӲǼƹȥҺｫɼˡ
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ңһ˿Ӧ
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Ǿͷɡ
ƴţϵһٶȭҪҲͻһȱڣȸҲῪʼǰƴţ˹ȥ
佣ϹңƣиռսĶȫڸ͹ܲ˭Ϊߣ˭ˣе˶ֻһĿģǱ赲ġ
ʮѾеȫ˶ģʱǣûȥ赲ƴţˡ
ЩŮˣȫӹԶ㡣
顭
ƴţһȭһȭҲûͣȫʮδ˹ȥ
áĴˣǹˡϽжϣͻߣΣˡ
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ǽǸԼ̳ı㣬֮Ͻеۼ
ǣĴˡ
Զһ˵봳̳̳һҲ첻ģʱıҪȣȴʮεҶ˷
ӷ磬ûУˣϾҪ군ˣ̳ҽǴˡھͳ֣һо̫ˡ
Ҹղ˵Ļѵ𣿸㣬ҿǴûյ̡ΪҾô֣ѵû⸽һˣǿ赲ĵ𣿡
Ҷ˷ɫһ䣬ѵ汻Լˣӷ绹һ֣
ɲѽڸղţûоӷǱˣеĻԼͷˣǸյģǸͻûܲǳӷġ
ѵǱߵˣūˣ
ӷЦһ˵㻹ڵʲôȻˣͱϷˡϳ֣
Ҷ˷ĽвȻǺõĲ黵飬ؼʱ̣˳ְӷѽԼҲѾоһʮǿͲڶ֮µġ
һмǵĻǾͲܻǿūǱߣһū֮⣬˭ӷģ
ûãӷ磬ԽԽûˣС£㶼ڲƽ


2557 ħĿģǻԪ磡
ͻĹǹҶ˷磬ͬʱҲ˶ĸҲ
һ֮䣬ȻˣмҶ˷ӵŻĹ֮ģ֪ͻȻֵǺε֮ǿ
ӷ˹ž޲ڶһĻϵƵģһҲԾһҲ⡣
ɻƴţǾͲͬˣǰԼߵģɵ֮󣬻ƴţ佣Ϲң̣輸ˣȫ⣡
ɣôСձ
Ϲ˫Ķų֮ˣľɡ
ľһʲôʱǿˣȻһйҲ̫˵ȥ˰ɡ
Ĵ½ʱͱӷˣõ˷磬ӵų۵ʥ磬Ҳڱǿѽ
⵽ôһ£ľصǴġ
ãľءĴˣҪСģһտɲڳӷ֮¡
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ǣľظӷ֮䲻ǵжԵĹϵΪʲôΪʲôһӷˣ
ķôһС¶ˡӷ磬˵㻹ʲôϣʲôصȥԽϣ
ľĲмӷ粻˳ۣǻƴţȫ֪顣ȻӷȻҲľز˳ۡˣڵʱͿʼˣһֱĵʱ򣬵ڵĺĴ½˻ڶֻľغǹ죬ûʱͻȻ֮ǿûκεֵʱȴ֪ʲôط˵ơ
ò˵ӷһ漣Ļľأһ漣һһ漣
Ƕ˵ʦӡӷ磬ҿҲﶪˣϽصȥɣĴ½ǺΣյġ
ӷЦһ˵ôϻֵľ͸Ͻ͸ҹﰭ¡
쵰ʲôʱôҪˡҸ㣬ûҵĻ̳ڵʮˣǱɵġΪõ˲˱ԤͿ赲סҶ˷һ̫ˣ֮ǰʥŮҶ˷һ죬϶кü׼ġ
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ɣѵҶ˷ϵƣһ
ѽΧûˣľҲǳӷģӷ粻ܻҲܻӷģһԭҲǳ۵ĹϵɣһǸողܹġ
ҲڽϵۡҶ˷罻ң̳Ǳ߾ͽˡ
ƾʲôҪѽ
ƾʲô˵֣ҹ
ӹӾ͹Ҳ̫û˰ɡãͿڵʦϣһѡҼסǷһ顣
ǷˣϽ֡
ľҲȥӷϻ˫֮Уһ޴ޱȵ⣬ӵеȻܿȳӷҶ˷
ͻ֣ʹĶĸҲǱߴ⡣
ͬʱҶ˷˫ۣҲǿһĻ˼Ļ㣬˶סˣһ仰Ҳ˵ڡ
ӷȻҲһȻ֪ľǼһͻĵƣεĵƣҲ̫˰ɡ
ǡ
ʵһߣħų֮󣬾һֱע̳ߵҲ뿴񷶦ӷ磬۵Ķӣ׳ɳһôĵز
ɵħͻȻֵľ֮˫ӵȦ۾˷츲صı仯е˼ͬʱ˫֮Уֳ˿η塣
ħη壡
ɣһ±һ¿ţħȻη壬ȴҲںǺʲôηʲôȻܻηľأΪľأͻûǸʸ
ۣһ̫Сˡû뵽Ȼʥ޼һΪһʥ޼СӣѵСӣһŵ𣡡
ûľظղ֮һʥ޼Ҳǳӵе
ֻľֻӵһʥ޼ѣҲΪˣħŻηġ
ۣԭһΪӵǿǿʥ޼ĹϵҲ֪ʥ޼Ͳʲôһʥ޼ˣҲ˵ڵֿųȫԼģʥ޼һϵûУΪһʥ޼Ͳܷӳֿų
ԭˣѹħη壬ηģǳۣµģǳۡΪһֱΪħΪ֮ڣǳۣҶӵǿ̵ģħ
أ۾Ȼʥ޼һΪҲ˵ӵеȫʥ޼ûκιϵ
һ㣬ħסȻ۱ӵиͬΪʲôһʥ޼ȫľأľǳ۵һŵƣͲҪһĴʥ޼ѽһ嶼ûС
ѵľǼһﲻ̫ܿƣľ޷һԽʥ޼ԣ۲ûнʥ޼ȫľصģ
˵ľأǳ۵ͽܣǰھĵʱ򣬵ʱľΪ˳ң˵踺תģʦͽ֮˵ڳ۶ԣľǾֵŵģôΨһĿԾǣľص壬һȫʥ޼Ҳ;ĹϵµİɣԲŻȴһʥ޼ľأ
ħ˫۾η֮ٴλָƽ˵£ʵһµۣ֮ǰ̫СˡڵҵıȫָҲɱ㣡ɱĻӵıӻҾԶܻٵ磬粻٣ǻԪ磬Զ֣ܳ


2558 㼯
ľֱӳģǰǿĺڹ⣬Ѿת⣬γһֱ֧˶ĵϣҲĿ죬Ҳᱻסġ
סĶģһҲˣǿԼΣ֮£Լмκá
ôܣôܻǡ
Ҷ˷綼ȥԼ۾ѵԼۻǼһôܻӵ֮һ
ʵ˵Ҷ˷磬ӷ磬ŵĿľأ֮䣬Ҳû໥Կˣеעȫ̳Ǳߡ
ǡʥ޼
ӷڵĲ񷶦ʼʥ޼ѽľȻֻһһҶ˷绹ûںϻĹŻҪǿĶġ
ã
Ҷ˷󺰲мܵеĹʥ޼ֻһҲǵвġ
ģ
ȻҶ˷ȻеûڣҲòĵˡ
ǰ½Ӳ̳Ҷ˷ɲᵥһԼҪԸӷ磬;ʲôĻǿҪùˣԣڶ֮⣬Ҷ˷绹һ
ģͬһмҸĻֵܣ
˿̣ߵϿգһը޴ıֱӳ̳
ѩѾ˷ϯһӵԪصмĸ˲һģȫԪصȫԪصûڡ
ģϽǼһĹȫ
Ҷ˷Ѿľص󣬻䣬˫ӡһǿޱȵĻĹֱ֮Ӵľص
üһȻ͵Ϯӡӿ͵Ϯڡ
ľصٶȱһǿ⣬Ҷ˷Ĺȫֵ
ʥ޼ȻǿȻ׵ľͽҵĻĹֵ֮סˡ
Ҷ˷磬ʱûҶ֣ʧ󡣿ڣɱңǲ̫˰ɡ
Ϣȫľصϡ
ľҶ˷ͬʱּһӰһƴ˱֮ϡ
ǡ⣬ͬһͬ顣
û뵽Ȼӵʥ޼ʥ޼Ͳƻҵĺ£˵㡣
ӵʥ޼ĻĹŻ磬Ҳûȫںϡ
ô֪ںϻĹŻ飿
ûҪɡӷ磬㻹ڵʲô֮ȫ
ӷʱɲȥģҪ֪ʥ޼ԭڳ۵ģһʥ޼ľãһ⣬һǷʲô¡
˵ôõʥ޼ģ
ôܵõҾͲ𣿸㣬һʥ޼ǵʦҵġ
˵˵Ұôܻ㡣
ӷ磬㻹治һ档Щ˿Ǳ޵еĴڣڵʦԣνֱһЦЩڵʦ˵ֻССһ°ˣ󣬾ûκεļֵˡ
˵ʲôã
ûʦֻʥ޼۷ˣȻѾˣʥ޼˵ûκεˡһûõĶʦʲô
ӷȫľصЩʲô˾ûˣϾѽǵ۷壬ҲŴõģȻҶ峤ΪʲôҪǧټƣǸԵĶȥõأ
һ˵۲ҪҲӦôӷѽóӷۼպԿħġôڲӷ磬ľأľǳ۵ĵӣӣܱȵҪװɣ
ҽʥ޼
ӷɲģʥ޼䵽ľֻһ룬ҲǸ鷳֪Ժʥ޼Լԡ
ǲɵѽѵ㲻֪ǲܡ
ľһʥ޼ѾľƵΧ
ͬʱӷڵĲ񷶦Ѿʼ
ˣӷ磬쵰ûܹʲôϹԶ㡣һ𣬻ᡭ
ӷʱӦ˹Ҫ鷳ˡ
ǵţħ˵ʱᵽǲһطֵģͻѣ
ڣľӵһʥ޼ӷĲ񷶦ͬһطҪ
쵰ΪӵѵҾû𣡡
ʲô
Ҷ˷罫ȫĻĹ֮ȫǿĽ⣬̳֮ϣ̼γһƬƽ
Ҷ˷磬ʲô
ȻǶӵȻҲǡĹ֮ںһ롣

Ҷ˷ǲǷˣ񷶦ʥ޼ѾصˣȻʱҪںһĻĹ֮ѵ㼯ɣ
ˣˣˣˡ


2559 
ֻҪͬһط֣ͻ޴ѣͬʱһǾԻ磬ͬʱҲԴĵطߣħ⣬֪ۼһôĳ̶ȣ˿ԽۼͬʱסĻħҲⲻ˼ˣ
ӵһεĲ񷶦Σ߸ˣȫۼӭսħɵ󣬲񷶦԰ܾճ˵ǰβ񷶦޷ȫģҲƾħ壬شħűȫ硣
ħʲôʱ磬£ֻܳϹŸ񷶦ϣΪħҲûͱҶˣԣ֮ǰϹһ飬ûħ֮£Ҳǲȫģ
Ȳħ˵ɣľصõһʥ޼Ȼֻһ룬Ҳ֮һѽ񷶦£Ǿͽ츲صѡͬʱҶ˷Ҳ֪ʲô񾭵֣ûںϻĹŻ磬ȴ˵ѾںһˣУһҲǴġ
ɣЩСһʹʹɡҵ뿴ûȫۼ֮£ɶƻǰǼǿ
ԭҶ˷˵ۼһĻĹŻ磬ħڱĹҶ˷Ͳھ͵õһĹŻġ
ȻҶСӵõһСӣҲܿðɣȻǵӶǣͬʱӵҲôģҾȳȫһɡ
һ˫ֲ۾ɢҰɫĹȦȦӵΣ𽥱
ʱĴ½ȫĻ֮ڣǷĪıըը½صĻɽȫ緢Ļɽ緢û緢ҽһĽ⣬ҲǻĹ֮ȫ̳߾ۼ
ûںϻĹŻ磬ʱǧҪ
ѾľȳĶĴ󺰵ֵܶмļ˵Ҫ̳ǿһ롣
ɶĸĶû뵽Ҷ˷ۼʱԵĻĹ֮Ҳ˵Ҷ˷ռˣĻĹ֮ҲͳҶ˷ĻĹ֮˳ǱںϻĹŻͲս
Ѿо˾ǿصѾԴԴϵĳӿˡԴڻĹŻҾòܸоġ
ʲôԴڻĹŻѾҶ˷ӿˣҲ˵Ҷ˷ѾڿʼںϻĹŻˡ֮ǰҶ˷綼ԹüںϻĹŻ磬ȴһЧûУΪʲôڻɹ
ˣȫ˵
Ҷ˷һ£ĸڣȫѾ˵
оûУǶоûУǿδоǿѾ߾ۼˡ
˫۳Χȥ˶סˡ
磬ǡ
˵ûǻĹ֮һǱĻĹ֮ǿĻĹ֮ѵҪںϻĹŻΪʲôղŵ׷ʲô£
磬˵ôˡǻĹŻӿģֻԱˡ
ӷľ໥һۣѾ֮𶯣ڣĹŻҲӿ˹ӣ鷳ˡ
ӷ磬Ǹ׳աûܹʲôѵ㲻֪ۼһ𣬻𣡡
ԲƬԶˣ֪ӵв񷶦Ҳ˵һֱӾͽʥ޼˳Ҹһ׼ûС
˵ڿɲǸоʱڳ߾ۼȷǻĹŻûǹҶ˷ĻĹ֪֮Ҫǿ˶ٱĹ֮ںϣǾ鷳ˡ
ûֻҵĲ񷶦ģĶǱġľһŵõһʥ޼ѾмˣҶ˷õĹŻ磬Ļᱻ֮⣬ҲоԵʸֱӳ۷ġ
İɣںϻĹŻ磬ҲһֻһˡĹŻȫںϣۼٻҪ򱶡
šһ˵ûҶ˷ǲܸĹŻںϵġɾˣһĻĹŻ磬ľһһʥ޼Ĳ񷶦ҲۼˣɵƻѣǶ޷ġ
ڸô죿
û취ľأҹԶһ㣬ﰭ¡
ӦСӹԶŶԡֻһʥ޼ȴĲ񷶦
˵˵Ҳû񷶦Ҷ˷ں˻ĹŻ磬Ҳֻһѣ֮£Ĳ񷶦֮£ԶԶȽϻ㡣
Զ룿˰ɣҶ˷磡ӣҲֻǵ̳ȥˣߴ񷶦ļӳ֣ܷҲ񷶦ĸ뿪
û̳ıûʧǺǿģǰβ񷶦µģӦܽ񷶦뿪
ӷ磬㻹ԥʲôϽ̳ͱˣҴ
ľأñҪ
İɣ㶷һ£ҲǸ㶷ʱ򡣵ʦʥ޼Ҳܸһʼ͸һصĴƻɡ
ǺãҾһΡ佣ҿһʶ֪ͨңۼ磬Ҳһսġ


2560 ֮ͣ
ӷѾǱѡˣ˵ľػҶ˷磬õֻһѣɳӷȴӵ񷶦һۼһ治֪ᷢôµ飬Ĵ½ᱻġ
ڣҲֻǳӷȽ̳̳ļӳ֮ײϣһʥ޼һĻĹ̫֮ƻ
ȻĿǰλãҶ˷һĻĹŻ绹ûںϣǿĻĹ֮ԴڻĹŻĻĹ֮ڳ̳Ͽվۼܣľһʥ޼赲Ҷ˷Ҳ˵
ͽˡ
ӷ綪һ仰ûа̵ĻͷҲûʱˣҶ˷ںһĻĹŻ磬Ǿ̫ˣԱ̳̽
ֻ̳ļӳ̫ǿ󣬸ղŶĸҲ֣˻ʮε޷һڳӷѵҪ屶Ĳ֮ܳȥ
ܲôˣڵҶ˷׼ջĹŻ磬Ӧòߡ屶Ĳ֮ڻĹŻͬʱӦÿڸסһְɡ
ӷģ屶Ĳ֮ڻĹŻҲѾˣҶ˷ӦûὫеľȫںϻĹŻģûʱȥܳӷߡ
ǡ
ӷսӽ̳ļӳֱʱͻȻⱣ㣬ȻһͬаĶ
ʲô
ӷ޷ȥᷢʲô£鷢Ǿ;Բʲô¡
ѵǲ񷶦ʥ޼ɵ
ܣղҲʹ𶯰ˣӷѾľ˿ӦֻᣬزŶѽ
ΪĹϵΪʲôʹ̳ı㷢ı仯أ
ӷҲȥ̫࣬ڲȥ̫ͬʱҲܷǸоְɣǱ߳˽빥У̳ıѵĻ̳ڵĻʮˣ·һˡ
ҲܻʮѾһôĽ׶Σǿǻûκһ֮ϵĳǿѽͻȻֱ֮мǻڷӦͬʱҲȫɱġ
ȥˣԲ֮㱣ϼӳһΪҲǲ񷶦ǰβ񷶦Ӧÿںϡ
ӷֱӾͳǸгȥû뵽һУӷ͸оһǿֱӽӷסˣӷҪѳɲ֪Ϊʲô
ʲô£Ϊʲôҵȫֹͣˣ
ûסĳӷ磬֮䣬ʧ
ôۣô£
Сӣ˵ʲô
˵ҵʧˣô£
ܰɣûʧѽ񷶦ڲϵǿҪ屶Ĳ֮ˡСеٶȣҲƽʱĺüڵȫ˳ôܻʧȥ
ӷ綼ΪԼ˻þԼʧһ㶼ûѽɲȴ˵ûʧǿ쵽屶֮ˣһԼʲôԼоȫʧ֮£֮Ҫ屶ˡ
ⲻܣһʩչѽ
ʲôȻ顭ãã

ӷ޷Լ壬һо֮£֮У壬ͲܳӷĿơɳӷȴǳо˴ˡá

ɣ
ôܻ£Լ񷶦ʲôû֮£Ȼ˴˲ãھֱӴ˲񷶦ѽǲܵ飬ھȻˣ
ηʥȻҴ񷶦֪ʲôط
ɵˣ˵ĻҲܲǸζ
ʲôеҴ񷶦֪֪ʲôط֪ʲôطԷʲôѽôġ
ӷԺУ˲ڵһУֻôۣͬʱһӰ
ʲôЦ񷶦˿Դ񷶦𡣡
Сӣһܹ죬񷶦Ȼ޷˿˺ԣӦ˵֮Ȼһ

ӷԺдһʲôв֮Ǽһʲô˼ѽ
ǻʲô˴񷶦ȻһҲû֣⻹ϸҸɵ
ôһҲûԥҲ֪ڿɲԥʱ򣬱Ҫ˸ɵʲô˶ܴ񷶦Ļ⻹

顭
һըôۿͬʱֵģȴϡ
ɣ
ʲô£
⣬ôܣ֮屶Ĳ֮ȫˣǣ֮Ȼ
ɲҪң屶Ĳ֮Ҳɲ
ǸɲеĲ֮ڡ
˵ʲô˵һ㣡
˵еĲ֮ڱԣǲ֮񷶦ڱ
˵Цˣôܡ

ӷԺУ˲ô֮⣬һ޴ĿЦ
ЦòôȫǻһϹȻһη塣

λҪţֱֻʱģϾͻʧģֱʧ֮ǰϣ侲ΪҲǵˡ
˵òѾ˲ô۵ǰһ֮󣬲ôȫɵۡ
Ȼ
ʲôˣ
֮ǰ̳ڳǸӰ񣡡


2561 Ĵۼ
֮ǰǸӰ񣿰ӷǧ⾵ǸӰôᴳ񷶦ôģң񷶦ȻڱҲλ̫˵ɣ
ӷ磬̳֮ٽ񷶦Ǻú̸̸ɡ
񷶦ӰȻһҲѲ񷶦ļƵģһĻûУֱҪӷ̸̸Ѿʲô˼ѽ
ûȳӷ˵ͼ̳ϵ̼ʧ漴ӷˣȥ֮䣬ȫָأվһɽǰ
ɽ棬̦Щ̦˵⣬·ĳƵġ
ɽŵģһȾ޴ţϻ֮޴ĺĹ̳֡
̳񷶦Ȩ֮أҲǻѵ˱չ֮ǣ棬ӷ໥֮䣬ֻһ֮ˡ
Ҳ񷶦һûˣҽȥҾͽȥȽ̳˵
ӷԲ֮ţͻȻ䣬ַ˸ղͬ飬еȻһʧˡ
Ϊʲô
ӷ磬ûҵģϽ񷶦ȱˣΪ̳֮ڣѾûˡ
˵ʲôôˣ
Ҷ˷Ҫ̳ΪɱʮˣӷʮڣǴ񷶦ӰȻ˵Ѿ̳ˣʲô˼
ģֻǽתƵ˱ĵطΪʵ̫Σˡ
ΣգʲôΣգİʲôˡ
ѵΪڵܸħԿ𣿡
ʲôղ˵ħ
ûӣڣ㶼֪ħʵڸҶ˷СӶԿʱħڸˣһ˻ۣǲЩ˻û̳ڵʮˣҲûԣΪ˱Ѿ̳ڵʮתƵطȥˡ㲻ҪģǲκΣյģʱҲ棬Ϊǵδɣ뿪̳û̳գҪԼˡ
ڣӰ˵ĻҲ˵ӷ֮ǰĲ²ûġħ֮С
ֻӰ񵽵׻ʲôˣܹ񷶦һܵõ񷶦ıǲҲӷǰ㣬Ӱ񣬻ǰĲ񷶦ǵĻǵڼĲ񷶦
ȻڻǶ̳ʱǰȫģӰҲܸ߳ӷЩ
̳֮񷶦ļӳҲӦܸ뿪ٲ񷶦ɵƻҲȵļ͡
ãҾͻһᣬ㵽Ǻηʥ
ӷûп֮ţ֮Զġ
ڲڣӷһ룬Ϳ֮ǰǸӰˣֻڵӰѾһˣӦ˵Ǹ𣬻ôһĴڣֻһԪγɵˡ
û´ĻղͻȻʧ㽫ҵ˰ɣ
ͻȻ񷶦İˣӷϵԾҲе⣬ȴû˿η塣
ûֻǶʱڷһ¶ѣȻ񷶦ҵıҲǶʱ֮ڵģϾǲ񷶦
ӷߵ˲ôǰ飬ӷʱȥܣľضսҶ˷磬ӦҲûʲôģҲľػֹҶ˷ںһĻĹŻҲһ
˵ɣǵڼ񷶦
ӷ磬Ȼڲ֮ͬ£ǱˣһʲôˣȻѾµҵݣҲͲˣ
ȻȽڣٴ񷶦ģǴҪҼģ㶼²ãܻ𣿡
ûҵȻѽȻ㶼ѾµˣҲϻȰҵݸɡ
ô۶ӰˣȥҲʮңȫǿ󣬾Ҳʵ壬ӵ˾޴Ҳѵõˡ
˵һ񷶦ɷ
ۡ
ӷȫһȻµӰǰĲ񷶦ôҲû뵽Ȼǵһ֮ڣһõ񷶦ˣҲ֮ڵĵһһӭսħ֮ˣɷ
㣬Ȼǵһǳǵѽ˵
ߴҲ˵ʵĸһģͬݶѣûʲôǰ֮֡
һ£ĸǵһ񷶦ھŴڰ˴Ҳĸ
ӷ磬Ϊκ˶ڲ񷶦֮ڳסΪ֮ݵκһ˶֮ǰѾͷڲ񷶦֮ڵĻĲ֮ͻῪʼˡǳȥ磬׼Ϊʬɡ
˼˵ô
ûڲ񷶦֮ڴôãҲû֮ܵɵģֻв񷶦Ĳ񷶦ѡң𣬺㣬ôۣͬҲǲ񷶦
ɵˣһɵ۵ģôۡ
ȵһ£˵Ҳǲ񷶦ڿʲôЦҲǲ񷶦ΪʲôԼ֪
Ϊת֮ʱнǰļԶǰ飬㲢֪ȻΪǴģ㵱ǴģҶΪʲôҪԸ㣬ЩĴ𰸱ǣǵڶĲ񷶦죡
ɣӷʶôôãǴûȻҲתѽңȻǵڶ񷶦תΪʲôأΪʲôڶĶҪתΪôۣУһԭģ
ðѻ˵˵һͷˮ˰죬ܴˣȻȫǲ񷶦ǲ˵ھŴԵСˣ
ʵˣ㱾Сġõ񷶦ʼڣ˵ĳɾͣҲǵߵһң񷶦ٶȣû죬ûиʱ䣬ܵ߱ģѾӽ˱ˣҲǵڲ֮ͬȻҪǣǶˣ㻹ţ


2562 ʱĹ
ȵһ¡Ȳܱģ˵ô۵ĵڶתɾ֪ô۵ͳιռģǸʱĺɻûۼںĴ½ġ
ӷȫûףҲ޷ȥɷĻôõ۹ưԺȻǳưԺȻҲǰĴ½ڵģңǸʱĺĴ½ͻûоۼǿ߸ʣôôܻǶתأ
ɷЦһ˵֪кܶʣڶ飬ȻҲģžԼҲ޷ʵֻҪҽĻȫˡ
ŶǱۻôͳɶתˡ㰴ʱ㣬ڱ֮ǰҲǰ˶ãǸʱĺĴ½Ҳû̫ǿ߸ģеǿ߸ȫɢںĸ硣
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Ҷ˷֪ģֻҪദͬһطǾͻᷢѣɾ޴ƻ
֮ǰľصһʥ޼Ҷ˷ָоڰԼںϻĹŻ磬Ż᲻һеĽĹŻںϹڷѣ½ҲһϵûС
ˣǳӷ̳ҲڴѽΪʲôһ㶯ûأ
Ҷ˷磬㻹Ϊõȫɣһ㻹Ķ춯أǻأҸ㣬һϵ໥ײǲܷκζġ
Ȼˣڣɡ
ҵûʲô⣬ֻҪˡҵЩɾûһܻ뿪ˡҺЩˣһϵûУǵֻгӷŻġ
ѽҶ˷ģɶľغЩˣȫǳӷˣľһϵûУһҶ˷ľ֮ʧ˭󣬾Ѿˣ
Ҷ˷翪ʼԥɲľһ˱ˣԼһ֣һҪģԼߵˣľؽһʧûе£صһ
ĳӷ磬Լ̳ܽȥˣһľƣģﻢ£ĹŻѾںһ룬ȴǳٳٲұ
ʱҶ˷ľ֮ʱ˭Ҳûע⵽ڱ̵ĺ󷽣ٳһӰ
ҵˣе˼ѽ
Ӱĸͷ˵ǷǳССһͲǳ˵ӡ
Ѿľ̵Ļл˹ȥǺ󷽳֮ˣĿ겢̣ǻеı
ȻѾҵˣǾͱϻ߰ɡ

ͻأһɳȵڿ̸һƬĽĻ⡣
Ϲұǻ棬һӦҪ͵Ϯ̸һʱͳ˹ȥ
ʲôˣ
ϹһߺӦ˹űȻתǿȣ˶Ѿסˡ
Ѿǵɵˣɵɳʱ̶ҵľΪ֮첻˵Ȼ֮ͬ
̣
Ϲֱӳ嵽ǰһȵĻٹϹ¶Ц⣬˵ǰûⲻڹعǰˣ𡣡
ϹԽκεĻյģһ̣ǿĳȣϹΪ֮һ
ã޷գ̫ǿ̫ң̫񶾣
ϹұǿĳȸˣΨһһֻϣð˻棬һ޷ϨĻ棬棬ϹҵĶۣʼȫ
佣
̼һĻԼűó֣鼱֮£佣
佣ϹǱߵҲ˵ʲôֱӾһϹ˹ȥ
𡣡
ৡ
ֱϹҵϣȴǹϹҵģ佣ԽϹϵĻϨ
ϧǡ
ôܣʲô棡
ϹұҲû뵽֮ǿ󣬲֪ԼĻ߳˶ٱԼϲͣȼţԼΪߣѾճɻҽˡ
棬Ϩˣ
ͬʱӻнѹΪϹϵĻ棬ûеıҲоһɴĵĳȣΪ֮һ̵Ļг˳Ѿľ˵Ҳ֪أһռԭȫһڸ
Ѫ¡Ϩɣ
Բ£ǰĽһ
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գأͬʱһƬ𶯡
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ľظҶ˷绹δײȴӻѹһδ¶ļһ뿪ʼһ
Բ뽾֮£ͬʱʧϹϵĻ棬Ҳ֮ʧ
ƬʧĽ֮ڣСӰ۵ЦȻѽֻϧҵûȫָҲڻָСȵΪֹɣ´μ棬һսɺúΪ֮ѽҵġý㡣
۵ʧƬҲɢȥ
СӰգ֮䲻˵Ŀ꣬Ǳ
´μ棬һս
ԣħ


2568 ľľģ
ȻѾˣȴһɹϢϢϢֱһģһģûκ
Ҷ˷ľͬʱоϢ֮ǰԷĶĹҶ˷ľضû׳֡
Ϣħħ죬Ȼħħ˫£ѵղǸ˻ǡ
Ҷ˷Ѿ²⵽˶ԷݣֻǲףħħΪʲôʱ֣Ϊʲôǰѽ֮Ÿûдѽôģ
ѵת
Ҷ˷նһħħһôҶ˷˵ģħħһתģ֮䣬ضһЩԼ֪飬Щ£ҲԼܹȥֵġ
ȻħѾˣ֮ǰԼںһĹ֮Ҷ˷뵽ħħܾħҲ硣
ǸԼζûӷ磬ӷŪħĻԼһУǶʣԼպôȥħλԼҶҵأ
Ҷ˷粻ڴ˾һֳ˿ʮֲģħУûʲôλʱһνһεܣԺħʱҲûˣ
ľأ֮飬Ҹӷ֮飬ӷ֮Ĺϵ͵պٽɡ죬Ҳûʱȥǡ
ǣ
ҪˣҶ˷絽Щʲôѽ֮ǰǻҪԻĹŻԼʥ޼ˣ˵߾ߣ㵱ľأ޵ʲôˡ
ߣԣµ㶫ɡ

Ҷ˷鱾ͻ˼㣬ĿûɣħǰˣҪ໵ж໵ԼҪߣǾ͵ڽһսԼֱˣľؾȻҪµ㶫ʲô˼
˭һءһаɡʥ޼

ľطҶ˷綼ˣڱʥ޼˵ֻһҶ˷һĻĹŻ͵ڽƴţȫ
ľأס֣

ϣ
ͻȻ䣬̳֮ڣһɲֱ֮Ӿͽľصжˡ
Ҷ˷Ҳ֪ӷҪˣȵԼҲ߲ˡ
ӷ磬ľءɽģˮ֮󣬶Ҫˣˡ
Ҷ˷תһ⣬ԶԶȥҲȫӶˣ»ʲô춼˶ˣѵҪȥɡ
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̳һըӷֱӽ̳мӳƽ⣬ҽȫۼԲȫ
ľأûˣжԶҹԶɡ
˿̵ľؾȻûȥӷ磬ʲôƵģԵĺǳ
ӷ磬Լذɡ
ľضһӷ벻ĻתҲȥ³ӷһˣеɵۡ
ľؽгӷ籣أ̫ǲǴ߳ˣ
ʲôľСǲӳˣ
֪ʲôȻ˶ˣҲͲȥˡ
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ȻӮˣҶ˷һΰܱһΣ´ΣҲ治ǵġ
ϹϻˣǺġ
ȻղŲǱʱѹϹҹƾҪùˡ
ֻϧղҲ֪Ǵһֻ֮˹ȥѾͷŶѽ壬͸Ƶģֻǳ˯ţûκεơ
磬ӮˣǲҪףһ£
ףͷǲ֪ղ͵Ϯˣħ׵ܵܣħ𣡡
ʲôħǸղҶ˷˵ģħʥ֮һħ
ûҾħҲѾ֮ˣղžħҶ˷ںϻĹŻġ
ħҲˣǲ˵ħʥѾˣ
Ӧ˵ֻʥѣħ֮һˣҳҵ
ӷºǳأɷ˵ħҲת磬һ׷ɱģһ̣ħͳˣҳˣ˵ڱǰħһ֪ʲôħĴܣܣضǸǻԪйصġ
ħ巽ħתὫй¶ȥħŲħ֮ת硣
ңղŸħûпӣ
һûǼһ¶ģ֮ǿҲ޷ȥӽģ𱬱Ҫǿ࣬ղűļ֣ҲסǼһһС
ӣħħȫڰǣȴȫ
˶٣ӷ纰Ƥ
ڡ
ȥڿʼȫһҵкصǸղħص㣬ӵǿĳ
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ӷ˼˵ħͣĲˣ
ʲôѽĺӣһǿţ棬Щ˻ôѽ
һ棬ľ˫۳˷һֲĸо
ħ壬ħħħʥȫˣ¿˼ˣڣеʦųħ˲ڻڵһǵʱ䣬ҪʱУʦǱߣҪסѽͽᾡ콫ħħҳģħҲҪħǴҲϧ


2569 ӣ
Ϊݺ쵺
˼壬ν죬Ưеģ뺣沢ǺܸߣزǽӽģҲ˵Ưں֮ϡ
壬ݺİͻǳ۵շս֮һΪƵǱߵĻȼļһģĿǰڱչ֮У۷ľ硣
ͻǿߣ⻹֮һɼļľۣپǽ꺣ϼ⺣İÿһ˵ΪھŲĸ߼һͽʮ۷ˣ
壬ǰһ£ԭѾǲеٷˣȴǰһӣ¿˵Ǻ䶯򣬺ܶ˶˵ٷˣҲͻĶϱȾŻǰһӵģ£˺ܴĳ裬ɾˣ˻֪λٷˣǲȾģΪǧλٷ˾ûŰ벽ȻѾû޷ѪǾ;һе⼸СϣгһܳͷأҲͲԼĽ̻ˣ
ٷͻ֮ޣͻ⻹ӣÿһӶһһŮ˵Ƕˣλһʼ޷ٷ˵ϣıϣ˶ĴָģļֶӸֶŮÿһ˵ǵõͬһٷ˵ĴţҲûκεӰ졣
ɱ˲˵ٷԼȴԼһأ֪ǰԼôеģڸһʱʱ䣬;˱ʮ»̥࣬ͽӸˣһкҲһ̥ɣ嶼Ǹ̥һֻϧ
ˣˣСүˣ
岻λүңȴҲûܹȥֹġ
λүÿҪȥʱ򣬶֪ģ޷ȥȷСү֮ȴѾ̫ˡ
ãλСүÿζֻȥһʱ䣬һ֮ڣضģϾǳ֮󣬾ܣɵ˵ѽ
ҰѺ
ٷϣ˫ţҲѾˣһһУеŮˣһ壬ȴܵõȫ˵أò˵λٷ˻治һ
ٷ˵վȥŶʮŮȫһʵÿһ˵ͣѾкüˣˣûõٷˣλĸͬ⣬ˣŰ벽Լĸף˵һ仰
νġѺԣɲѽÿһΣٷ˶ˣĶӸѺġңÿһСүǺܹɵĹٷ˵ǰӽ̻壬һ仰Ҳҷ
첻ͬˣ֮⣬ˣͳͳһǿֹ˽ȫڵϣȫѪȫͬһʱ䡭
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ٷˣȫƶٷǰٶ֮죬ͬ硣
ĸشȥｻǾͺˡ
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ٷϣһ仰ĺȫԹԵ˵󣬾͸ղһġ
Сҹ
ٷ˴ŭһֻ֮⣬һֱӳ˽ʱ֮䣬壬·һŰ㣡
һƬڿ֮ϣһɹϢΧͣǻš
𣿡
⣬һƶ޷·޷˵С޺߽ܲӣӦûĸ׵Ļк̣ȴܷͬɣ˵󣬻һö޷ĶĺӦ˵һɺɫͶɵĳߣһûκηеľ޴ߡ
ٷ˸ˣСľ޳߸ˣΪǰǴûм
СޣٷǰĶӣĶӣΪ
ǰٷ˶ӣǲˬһ֮ӣԼٷҲͬģʵΡ
ٷ˾֪⺢ӵڲͬĺ˵ӦӵģֻϧٷһֱڷԣΪֻٷԼӵڲͬɲǼ¡
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˵һܵȥˣ
ٷʵ
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½
ʲôЦ쵺½ľ룬˭֪ѽͣһ֮½쵺֮䣬ôܣ
ٷȴҲԾҲɣʵȥ½ʲô
ʲôȻɱˡ
ɱˣ
Сӣôɱ˵ô򵥣⻹һС
ɱ˭
ӷŮ
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ٷ˲ûվˣ󱲣һͷ亹
ȥɱ˭ӷŮǳӷʲôѽ˭֪ǿʥ۵Ķӣȥɱ۵Ů˵ȥɱʥŮ⻹òˣ
ֱǻˡҽ첻㡣
òҪ֣Ȼ塣
ʲô
壡ѽţǰɣô˵ֻء
㣬㡭
ĸСӰɡ
£ɣ
󱲻Ϊٷ˵Ļڻ̣ҪĶӣֻ֪ҪǸҳ֣³ͻǼһĺܲҵأ
Ҳ˭ҲʲôĿģҸֻĻһɱġ
ٷ˵Ļһͷˮ
̾˵ӣ磬һ㶼ѽղŲǳӷͻɱŮѾǸˡΪ̶ֳȵҿⲻɣҲûϵˣʱ仹磬ɣ
˵һûĶĻһʧٷǵǰ
ÿ죡ĸСõô˵ٶȣ
ҸղŲŽǱ֪˰ɣͲҵĶӣһʮֿµǸղŶ֣ԥĽȫɱ
ĸ⣬⵽ôһѽ
ȥɽھҪǵүү¡
󱲶ҶʲôڶҪүˣ黹ǲСѽ


2570 ħݺ
ɽͻıչ֮
ٷ֮ϣѾȥɽԶ򿪣ٷλ롣
ɽһƬûаڰֻһɷǵߣɽϥȫһǿţߣļҲݺİͻ
ͻһǧǰͶϳۣŰǰǳս˵˺պսƵǱҲ˵Ʋľ棡
ͻѾˣҲûµҰģΨһ׷Ѱģ߾磬˵۷壬ǱҪģҲǺ롣
˾Űʱ䣬ܿϧǣڣͻҲûͻھŲǵϣ۷ľ磬ū˶Ѿɹ֮ͻ͸ӵļˣ˶Ѿһ󾳽磬ԼŰȴһֱԭ̤ò˵ͻİٶŲ벻ֲ벻ǵΪԭ̤Լϵضȥʣͻϣɹأ
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ͻ֪ϱƵģ˫ۻԵĺΡ
ǰչأϱҲǲԡ壬ǷޣʵѾĵزˡǼӣûһģӸŮ츳Ҳֻһ㣬òһТӣֵϱʵǼֲסˣ
ٷûаķϻֽ嵽ôģͻҲףˣȴͿ
ţϷ֪Щ¡ϱѽ壬Ҳֻܿˣ㶼ټļ壬ҲͿˡϷûָǼСӣǸɷǸǸôˣﶼƽﲻһһ淢ʲô£ָˣ
ֻЩǶϱҲаǧ֮ڽȶġ󱲵ٲϱҲа취Ǹ̺áڣ壬ȴһò
ͻ̾˿ʵѾһǺӣĲ𣿡
Ȼȴ£ҲԣǰŹչأҪ󹫹
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ͻóһͻ֣֮ķɵٷǰ
ϱȿɡֻҪ˾Ȼȫ֧ġϣľȷģΪһʧ֣壬Ҳ군ˡ
ٷ˵ɫ΢䣬һʧ֣군ˣ仰ٷȻ˽е⡣
һٷ˵ı飬ҪѿжѿȥԼ۾
𣿡
ϣϷϹŶ౾żģǹѾʮþˡӣضħ塣
ħ壡
˵ǶôӴ󣬶ôµһڣҲܶ˲֪ħ壬ΪȻħ壬ٶ˽ģ
û뵽ȻħģΪʲôҪѡ壬Ŀʲô
ЩҪȥ֤һˡ
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װĸף㲻ҪôԾϣȻǲܷҵģֻҪҲߣҲܷҡ
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εȵţ
ˡҲǷϻȻѾ˾Ҳɡ壬𣬾Ϳǽıˣ
ͻٷ˶ûһ㶯ΪȻ֪ĳԼˣ;ԲĶ֣
˵ѽֻҪ˵һ仰Ҿ֪ôˡ
ٷʵ㵽ʲôˣʲôĿģ
ǲѾ֪ħģħݡӦ˵ħʥɣ
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ʱͻȻվƶϱǰ
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ħħһˣüҪǿڡ
ħĻˣ壬ˡ
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ħʥħħ׵ܵܡ
ħţħʥħΪףħħû뵽Ȼдңħתˣ˵ɣԽݣת壬Ϊʲô
Լۣת壬ֻǸɺϰˣ壬ȷûκεĴģֻһݣɱ˰ˡڶʱ֮ɱ˵ģҷĴ½ȻһޱǿʥۣѾΪħϰԣұҪ壬ʥۣ
ٷ˵ҪɱģʥŮ
ûΪʲôҪɱҲҪǡ
ҲʥŮʲôڸԨԴҪ壬ʥãĵȲ˵ʥǿ󣬾ūҲѾˡ
ѽ㲻˵ҶˣһūǵȷǸֵܼҵҲûȫָǾֻȵȵˣڵָ֮ǰҲʲôѽǾţģݺɡȻȻɱ¾սǲɱģǾʹˣȫսɣ룬Ӧúܺġ


2571 ħ磡
̳֮սֱĻϣǰȥս˶ûе׷ʲô£ֻ֮ǰһӷ䣬ڶϹεĶԾǰȥս˹˰񫣬֮飬ֱûȥǿˣ¹ս
ž̳֮ս½ЩˣȥӷЦˣҲԲ˻ΪӷԺ󻹽ܣΪһսĽҶ˷ߵģ˵ʤڳӷġ
ôⳡ̳֮սҶ˷ĿûɣںһĻĹŻ磬ҲԿӷҲѾ֪˺ܶⲻ⣬ľأõһʥ޼оǹħһЩ顣
ΪҪģǽħҳ
ӷѾѰ磬ҲҪħǼһʱԱ¶ֵģӷ粻òǰֵ׼
ǣʱ䣬ƤǱ߾Ѿʧˣ
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ǵƤЩˣǳƺӷΪ۵ģҲȫĿΪˣ
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ݺǲ֮ڵ𡣡
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ųҰǵǸų
ûɰʱ㣬ųӦʱ𶯲Ŷѽڵų𶯵ʱ䣬һƺġ
֮󣬻ᷢʲô£
ų𶯣͵ǵˣһ𶯽֮Ŵ򿪣ħͻ㳲Ϯġ
òҰǱ߳ʲôɣ
Բܣʵһ֮ڣκġǡ
ħˣ
ţһħȻʱ֣ʲôӷ磬ȥ棬
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ӷȫ֮⣬ǰҲѾص˱ҡ
˿̣ѩǵˣȫ˸ֵϣȫ̧ͷ
ֻ֮Уһƣ֮ڣɫ׵ֱء
ɫ׵磡ģ
Ǵģӣ֮ţѾһˣ

ɣ֮žʹˣôܣǴų𶯣Ҳôɡ
ӷ磬עˣһʮǿħ֮ŵķ϶ӿ硣Ѿڵֿħˣħӿ֮еħֵһħɢħ֮ˣȫħģ
ţ㲻˵Ҳסħж󣿡
Ӧ÷ǳǿ󣬾ǡһ£ħޱȣԲħģǡħ
ħħǸһת֮ôָ𣡡
ԣħħָǰӿħħһħȫգħǰͻȫָģǸʱ򣬸ͲõħˣħһʮֵּĽɫ
ӷЦһ˵ѹħʱݺ֣ԭ׼ġҪħָǰҲװɡ
ӷ磬ôֵǿħ
ӷЦһ˵ħħааôۣе֮ھͱһħ


2572 ֵħ
ӷ磬ħʥħתȫֵסġ
ɷڳӷԺ𣬾͸ôһ
ڲ񷶦֮ڣѾλ񷶦ˣ˵˶ӵв֮ǣܽĲ֮ȫټ屶Ĳ֮νǻصˡ
ôۻôۣǵڶĲ񷶦죬ûлָǰ£Ҳʩչ֮ѽ
ڣħѾ֮ͨŵһ϶磬˺Ĵ½ԣħڰħָǰģһħָǰ鷳ɾʹˣ
ӷҪֹ赲סħħָǰС
ڣӷҲͲܶ룬һζȥʲôֵħħֱӾͳȥв񷶦壬ħħħҲǾԲ˵˳ӷֺġ
ֱӳȥʲôʲôȽħħֵħȥҪġ
ܲôˣȳȥ˵
ӷѾʿһ˫ɫĹһѾ
ӷ翴һۻƴţǣǶҪħһ壬ȫħġ
磬ҪСһ㡣
İɣҲֻħˣûиħ壬Ҫң첻
ȷû˿Ƶ֮£˲˳ӷֺ
ֻӷܲܽħ赲ء
Ҫ֪ħѾ趨Ŀֻ꣬ҪһĿȥ;κε赲ֹͣģͬ˷޳㣬ǽȫȻħɲӳӷ
ٶҪ죬ħѾȥˡ
æ
ӷһͷѾʧѩǡ
ͬʱУħӿȥķ֮ǰӷѾ
ŴþĴ󡣡
ৡ
Űͬʱ˳ӷ
ӷҪȲ¾Ĵ󣬾ĴֵסҲǿһʱ䣬ʱڣӷҪħʲô֪ǳӷҲȥֵȥħ
ͬʱݺķ쵺ϣħħԵĺ˷ܡ
ˣֻҪһָǰҵħͽع飬Ǹʱ򣬱˵ħͬ񷶦Ҳһȫɱ
ħԸԸȣҲħֻȻָȥӷǱΪС
ȻϾҪָˣħβ񷶦ϣҶûɵˣħֳɡ
ɾʱħҪħʱͻȻһڹ⣬ħǰ
ʲôȻ¡ӷǲҪˣΪƾҲסҵħɡ
ħʱȥӷ翪ΪڵͲǳӷĶ֣ǰ̳Ҳˣͽӷ縸Ůһˡ
ɣƴĵɣҵ뿴ھŴĲ񷶦ǰЩʲôͬĵطҴ磬Ҷ֡
ħɫĿգӷѾĴúˣŴ󷨣ʹľĴԭǿ
ҵֵ
ֻħħΪһֱӾͳӷ߳˾Ĵ֮ڡ
Ĵ֮ľŴʼУŵͬɫĹâȫ֮ڣʹ󷨾һΰ㣬ħħһֻҰް㣬档
ӣħҲǺǿĴ󣬾ͿԽ赲
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ɷһӷͻоĴڲһǿҵıը
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޴ıը֮䣬ͽĴˣŴȫʧ
⡭ܰɣȻ̼䣬ͽĴˣŴʧȥһеĹЧԶصҵڡ
˵ħħǷǳǿģ㲻Ӳ
ӲһƫƫͲаˣ֮
飬飡
ɷӷⷽκãҪԲ֮ȥ赲ҲıĲ֮ѽĲ֮ʲôá
ڣɷѾˣĻһὫеȫȥ赲ħħ
ɳӷ粻ͬӷûħ֣֪ħħǿһôĳ̶ȣħ˵ħҲħ֮¶ѣħ°ǻԪʱҪħȥģ֪ħǿͲǳӷô򵥣
ɳӷⲻаǣöɷ޻˵ҲҲǳӷԼ⼸񷶦Ĳ֮ͬɡ
Ĳ֮ħħ˾Ĵʱٽֵ˿ħħѾ仯Ϊһֻ޴ĺɫצֻ֧צӣһצͳӷץȥ
ӷĲ֮ǰγһҲʱħħסˡ
ɾʱħħϷͻȻһɺɫʯͶɵıޱȵľ޴ⱦֱӳӷѹ
ʲô
ħʥıʥħģֻҪʥħܵ赲ⱦͻԶ֣赲߸
ħʥķ𣿡
ǷҲ˵ңⱦɲô򵥵ģǿԱ仯ģ͸񷶦һÿһ䣬ͻǿ౶ħı˿ƣͲܽκα仯ֻҪ㽫ⱦѹȥͻԶʧġ
ڿʲôЦڵֵħħзȥǱ
ҸղģҪƫƫǲ
Ҳ˵ħôһѽܲôˣȻѾˣҾһжɡı֮
͸ڲŶı֮еˣ


2573 쵺ϵĴս
ħ𱬱ҪСһ㣬ҲС죬ҲС£˵ͬġ
ڵħվݺ쵺ߴΧÿһˣаһǵ˫ۣȫǺɫģûȫڣһɫûУÿһ˵ϣһ˿˿ĺЩԶеħƣֻǿְֱˣ
ԣˣ˵쵺ݺȫѾħˣȫħ壬ΪħĿܣ壬ΨͻٷûħģȴѾڸʲôˡ
ħΪвͻĨɱڵħҲ׶ֻ֣סȴŻᣬ׽ħ׵Ļᣡ
ħħʥ֮һħ׵ܵܡ
ħȴݺ飬Ȼסݺ򣬿ֻҪͻٷ˿Ļᣬɵģܺôվһߣ壬ΪӷһҲֻѡվڳӷǱˡ
ȻͻٷˣﶼݺħĿ֮£Ҫݺ򣬽ȷ쵺壬ֻһܰĵˣʥۣҲǿūĴ½㣬ӷ磡
ĺɽͻǿħҲ֪һħɽҲħġ
ڣħǿͷųħͻܵģͻǾŲĸ߼Ҳõȥ
ʱͻһشľ
ϱ׼ûУ
ҪĻöϱɡ
ϷѾһˣܵ۷壬Ҳ̫á㻹ᣬвмƾͷԣҲһһΪġʥ֪ڣǱҪū˵֧ţûܰģļһҲһ֪ߵ飬ΪԱԮֵġʱΨһܰǵ˾ֻһˡ
ǾŲĸ߼ڵһôĵز㷢չٶӣֻҪڵһ죬嶼ϣģԡ
Ҫ˵ôϻˣϷڣļԣϷҪӣ
˶٣ͻ˵⣬ҲϷ´һˡ
ҡ
ϱѽʣǿǷǼ£壬лģҲһ˶ѡԣ죬Ϸһи㣬Ϸġ
Ҳٷ˶˵ʲôͻأɽ֮ʢħȫˡ
Ҫ
ϱ壬ͿˡϷһϣպƾϷ򴫸ħӭսħ塣
ͻЦһˣѾӢۺɢСͻһӣЦŭչҲʧܹ죬Ѿ㹻ˡʥ£һˡ
һ⣬ֱӳɽĺɽֱӳ漴һ⣬ڷ쵺Ǹ߿б˿
ٷȫͻΪͲףҲѾĴڣֻǵ飬ҲǾŰǰһսΪڵͻĴУٷˣͲҪʱ·ˣͻٷӵС
ٷȻվΪָõͻĴУȫѾˣ
ٴιڵأٷ˺һ·ߺáϱݷģһ죬ħӭսħ塣
ͬʱϣūŸо֮ǰһУһɱŭڷ
ħȻʱ˷ˣռݺͻǺģҲԷĵˣĳ
䣬ūΪһڹ⣬ֱӳݺ򣬷쵺ȥ
ڷ쵺ϵħ˫һתɽɵЦϼһȻԻٵʽУӣħĵˡôЩ꣬Ҳ̫˰ɣΪиǶϱ𣬾ȥҳӷ磬ħΪһҵĴ󣬵ڣ˭
ħӰһĺɽ
˿̵ٷˣմɽڳû뵽ħѾˡ
ӣô˵Ҳ壬ңȫµھȻ
ҵĺĸף֮ǰԸͶħ壬ҲһһλᡣڣѾŸҶԿˣǾֻ·һ
δңҾͲʱ첻оպ󣬳ӷĴһУҵһݣһˣʹ塣
ܣܵ𡣡
Ų赲𣿡
Ǿ԰ɡ

ʲô
ٷ˶Լ۾ħͲ֮ǰ
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Ǵħ嶼ɵҵûлָ֮ǰȻǲܸЩ߼ӲƴģԣҽҴ磬ҲħȻά̫ãҪɱ㣬㹻ġ
飬顭
УһڹǺڰԪص
ʲôˣ
ħСôĿǰɱ˭
ħȻ̧ͷǿޱȵأ硣
磡ߣū


2574 ūս
ھֻʣٷˣˣȻѾħ壬ǾɢħҲǾȲģΪħ𽥵ɵǵС棬·һ
Ȼֻٷһˣе١ҲӦóˣҲ˵ڣʹ壬ΪȻΪˣպܷٴϦ֮ģԲһ˵Ҫ˵һħԿ
磬ħԿмˣɣˣͻǰ˵ģӷ磡
壬򼸴УΪ۳һңŰǰһսģɼǼҪĶ࣬ѾˣҲھŰǰһսˣ˫̱ΪҲ
ڣϣһ˵ϣô棬ȻǲģֻϱѪԴϵɵʱܱסͷѾˡ
ū֮ԻôϹΪĹϵʱɼѣϵ⼸干ͬ壬Żʱֻ壬ûб̬嵱ʱֻ̬Լ·Ҳ֮е£Ͼ嵱ʱ˵ȥɼ壬ǲλʥġ
ô嶼ѾߵһΪεˣūȻǲӲܵģ
ūվǰȫѾ½ı֮£ȴûܵ˺ħūǧ׵ľ롣
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һְԼؿڣūһ˻޷ħ֡
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лūȣ
Ҫ˵ˡڳڵֵħħһħϣǾңҲĶ֡
ūѾĳǿˣ磬мħǰǿūǿߣǶ֣֪ħǿһôĳ̶ȡ
ȻħϾħʥ֮һ֮£ɻħ˲ڡȲ˵ħ˲ڵİ˴ħľŸԲÿһʵͬĴڣħ֮ǿһ֮Ŵ򿪣Ǻǲѽ
ħ˵üĲ񷶦ȴܽħˣ˵Ĳ񷶦Ҳţңһ֮ħ˲ڸħʥģΪǰÿһĲ񷶦˲񷶦֮⣬Ͳǿߡ
ͬˣȲ˵ģԿū˵ȻӷܰǳǳӷȻҲǿ԰˵ģҲǳӷھŴ񷶦ǰĲ֮ͬɣ
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ħҲʱǰһСޣԿūǿߣȻһҲη壬һӵս⣬˫͸¶Ѫба⣬ħǵڼεĽ磬ħǳǰһҲɱ¾һ嶯֮Уͷԣɱ¾֮к飬ħνħ塣
ɷһ룬ħӵеЩص㣬ڳӷ϶УΨͬǣħħ壬ӷȴ塣
Ը棬ӷħЩһûκĶԱȣںܶϣӷЩνħ˵Ҫħ£Ҳֻˣл᳹׽ħħҲǶɷеһ㣡
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ħССΣԸߴĿūȴǸһССƵġ
㣬ħ
Ӧ˵תħǰң㣬վʸûС
šԼҲ˵ˣֻӵħһǶʱ֮ڵġʣʱ֮ڵƾʲôҶΪħ㣬ʥڣˡ
ʥۣһˡȷҲòϣ۵ȷǿ󣬾ҴҲûоԵʤ㡣ˣҴڻǣƲסΪ˵ųҲǲܹǵġҵħӷǾԵסģһҵħҺ壬ǰͻȫѹǸʱ㣬һɱ
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ħԿūҲеģɿūȴħκεĻᡣ
һ̤أ쵺ϣѺۡ
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ܣݺ嶯ֵһ𣬾Ӧ֪·ܵġħ壬û֮ǰʧһʥ˵Ǽĺѽ
ūҲ̫Ϊ˰ɡ磬ǵ𣿡
ħһħɢ֮䣬ħա
ãȻƵ
ϻȻڴ򲻹㣬ȻҲҪġҶڣ

УƵķһ˹
ūһȥֻ⣬Ѿ˷쵺Ͽա
ߣƵˡ
һΪԼµģūȻҲܴ⣬ˣǸūһģ˵൱໥֮Ƿǳ˽⣬˵սˡ
νսѣһһ̵ģ໥֮ģҲսѡ
ħľȻҶǲˬˣŭҶأ
Ѿ£վħǰǹħˡϴαˣǰ÷Ҳڲʺϳ֣¹ˡ
ϴΣϴǶ֮ǰ£

˺˵ϴΣѾһǧǰˣ⻰˵ԵҶˣһǧǰܵˣڻûã
ûõĶ
ħڶһƽҶˣҶǰҲûָһ취ûУֻǿˡ
ûж˵ʲôתԿū˵ūϴһǴҶѾˣԵҲѾȶڣһսˡ
սһ֮ս治֪ôĺ쵺ûˣ
ħ˵˭ȻҲѾˣūͬһģͽˡ
ħˣƵˡ
Ŷǰøūһˣ
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Ǿͺúñְɡɱ˿ūպȻٲսġ
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2575 Ծ
ò˵ħħ治һǿ󣬳ӷ綼ѾıĲ֮ˣȻ޷ħ赲Ǳħƶţһֱ쵺ķ׹䣡
ɷҲ̫ǿ˵ɡıĲ֮ȻֵסӣҪ屶Ĳ֮ˡ
ɷڳӷԺ˵Ҳû뵽ħħȻôࡣħǸϹһħͬˣ
˵ʲôħħͬ
ҵ˼˵ħϹһħͬȻħ˵ľħҪϹһʱǿˣ
ѵħʵЩħʵҲ̫˵ɡԴ˿ܵű䣬۷壬򣬸ͲǵĶ֣һħҲԸˡ
ڽͬʱͬڽ񷶦һǰ˴ҪǿϾڲŶʮͷЩˣȴʱ䣬ȳɾ͡Ҳã٣֮Ŵ֮ǰħ֮ǰ˽˵ʵ
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ˣڱ붯屶Ĳ֮ˡ
ӷԱ񷶦Ļ壬ֵħħħͬһ׹ʯ㡭Ӧ˵һ׹ĺɫ̫㣬ӷҪɫ̫ǰ棬ɫ̫һ׷ţ׹ȥ
µľƺԣֻҪħһأǾ͵˵ħħˣָǰǸʱ򣬿ĩˣ
ãѾ˸ħˡħԮӦҶǱߵˡ
ھ쵺Żľ룬ӷ˫ֶħתͷȥֻڷ쵺ϣǿѾʼˡ
һĺ¡֮Ĵ½ӷ֮ǰѾоħĿĵأǿޱȵңǿޱȵӷ绹еϤ
һȥϷ쵺ǱƸĶӷѾԿ϶Ǳʲôˡ
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ˣ
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˵ħħʥ֮һֵõħıӣʱҪԮֵӦҶŶѽôҶûһҶҵСɫˣ

ӷһܶɷôĲ룬Щӷ粻ܣҲ˵ǸСɫѽ˼ô˵Ѿˣ
ַһ룬ڶɷԣǼ֤˺ü񷶦ģȻҲ˲ڡȻûӭսħɶƵҶǱߵɷģڶɷ˵ǵֻ˵Сɫ
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ӷ̾˿ܶɷôȫֵģԼ̬ȣΪҪġ
ûʱˣȥħͻħ壬ʱ֣򣬷磬û˻ħĶ֡
ǳ۳֣֮ڣ˭۷״̬µħ֣֮ɳֲۣ뿪ųһ뿪֮ſĵˣͻ࣬磬ٵĸ죡
ðɣҲûİ취ˣϣūܴϻ쵰ɱħң;һеħɡ
ӷڵСתȫеȫ˳ȻҲĹ֮屶Ĳ֮ˡ
ԭӷǲʱͶ屶֮ģãǾͲܽħӷҲûѡˣ
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֮ĳ֣磬֣ڳֵ֮䣬쵺ΪС
ǿūˣ̽Է̽Էʱ׽չһôĳ̶ȣ˵˶һ㣬ɵ磬ÿһ㶼Ǳ仯ģʵͬһԾ˭׳֡
ħվū˵ĲԶҲû˵һ仰Ϊ֪ū֮ĶԾǲܳκδģһ˰ˣԼָǰ֮ǰˣǽľͲһˣԼڣǿūŹԼ
һɽۣ֮İ֮ǿū֮أ֮䣬һƬտĻҰҰ޸СޣΪ쵺һĹϵĴӴܡ
˵һ޴Ļ棬ǻһϣһᱻΧĿռ䣬ҲʼŤ
һսҪӮˣūһɱħ˵ģƴһҲŹħˡħ˳£ɾ޷ħ˽ˣǸʱҶңһС
ţʱʱ˿ħʵ֪ħǰѾת֮ڣȴ֪ʲôطû뵽һΣħȻֱӱ¶ݣң֮С
ħ治Ǹʡ͵ĵƣ˵һ˵һʱ䣬֮Ŵ֮ٳкβɣΪʲôҪһʱأڣûлָ˿ūҶǱߵûָʱ֣˵Ḷ́ϼ˵ĻҶҲ군ˡڣҲԼūԿˣ
ںһս֮ʱūǱҲѽ
ߵһսҪģΪҪĿǱѽ㲻赲ħħħָǰ磬ɾҪǰսˣɲܹʥѽܹĺѽΣһҪħħֵ
ūȻģҲ֪ħħ֮ǿ󣬳ӷ绹治һֵܵסԣҪֵĴ㣬ӷʧˣûֵסħħԼߣͱħ֮ǰˣɱħֻܻħ޷ħ飬٣ħ޷ħ޷ָǰҲ͵ʱס磡ԣūٵˣʱ䣬ΪҪ
ְɣٶȣˣ
Ծˣ͵
֣ʱɣҿǰ֮䣬Ŷ𣡡
⡣ūң϶ˣһսҪֳ£


2576 У仯Ī⣡
ѩǣȫǵˣȫ֪ʲô£ϢȻǴҴȥġ
˿ȫǵˣĸÿһˣ֪˹ħ飬һϢܿ죬ͽ½ʱˣҲ֪ħ弴֮£
ڣħûʽ֣ħĵܵħѾˣһھۼǰһɹǲĴ½磬ᵹùġ
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ƴţħħѾʼ׹䣬һҲûʧ׹ٶԽԽ죬ͺԣӷδܽħħֵ
Ϲ˵ٶȿ죬ҪֹȻħǰǿͲҪħ綼군ġ
ӷԵļֵܣȫ嶯Ͳȥܱģ̸裬ʱҲͲסˡ
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ڹܲôˣħɹħ治֪ʲô
ҲҪֵ֪֮ܵħΪв񷶦塣ȴûУһĻȫħģʱ򣬾ܽħħ赲ǣҲȫΪĵˡ
ƿɲϻֱӾͽΪؼģΪҪĸˡ
ȷħħûиħϣ˭ܱ֤ħһɹءʱƴţȫӷһֵĻǾǳɹˣЩӽħˣȫħģȫᱻħƣʱͽȫΪӷĵˡ
ֲһѵֵ֮໥ɱ룬ҲǣھͿȥˡ
Ϲ˵ǲȥĻֵһ˵Ǻ赲ġ
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ʵԴ̳֮ս󣬳ӷͽӶɷ֪ȫˣԣҲ֪ħһָǰһôľ档
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˵۵Ҳ˵ϣһҪ磬Ҫƿ磬׶ˡ
ԭħĿģΪħ·ģȽۼһ𣬵ʱҪ磬һֻ֣Ϳȫ֮С
磬취ѽȥȫıĸ֣ǣǴġ
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2581 һһ磡
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ħ˫һţǿħڱһڹƣǰ
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2582 飡
ˣ磬Ҳڵĵ磡
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ѣڿʼҪԼչԼˡ
Զɽ԰׷ԲԵЦѣû˿ı飬ˣӷ˶꣬Ϊ֣֮û뵽֮ССΣδֹͣ
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˿̣ԿɽͨȫʯͷΨڳԶɽǰڷһλ֮ϣдż֣棬ʵۡ
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ħεºܣͳԶɽЩ֪Ŀʼľڤ磬ҿٳʱ򣬾ҵλϣǾĳȴ֪ǳҵԶԶȾڤǸʱĶࡣ񷶦ǳǳҵġ


2583 Ա
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2584 ս飡
ʱ磬رɫӿԭȫĴ½ӿȥͬһطҲˣ޷Ϊˣ
ĳɽ֮УԶɽһǿޱȵţǰѪӰʧ
ڵ˱ˣԶɽѽӲѽżʱ䣬Ĳ񷶦˵ڰ˱䣬⻻֮ǰļ񷶦ûи꣬Ǿ԰첻ġ
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ҲҪ˵̫硣Ҳֻ˱ѣھű䣬űȶһκܳʱ䡣ʱ֮ڣҪǿıӡǶӣڵų޷ҽ㣬ϣһμĴ£ܳ׽ħ
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ȻףҲҪ̫ѹеѾôˣһֱĲϣʱ̣ҲҪӡϾҪʧˣȴôãҲûʧǧҪסҸղŸ˵Ļǳ򲻵ѵʱǳҵԲκ֪ڡ
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ڣħѾ֣ħʥ֮һ۵ָԭӣ£ӷ粻㣬³ǱħһֱѹŴˡ
׼ðɡţӷɹ֮󣬵һҪģߡ
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磬Ҳ磬֮ڵľ磬ҺҲõһĺĹ޷˹ӷ磬ֻҪ΢һѣҲܵġ
ħ˵˼˵ңʱսӷ磿
ģȻҴӦ壬ǾͲھ
ʵһ㶼ģӷ絽磬˱ߣ֮޵УֻҪħڣǳӷ絽ֻҪûеű䣬ħӦġ
ħģǲʧġ
ʱ򣬺Ĵ½һǿޱȵֱӳħԱһƣЦ˱䣬ӷ磬ɡ

һЦϣֱӾͳ˺ĸĻ֮ڡ
֮УһƬ𶯣ħһӣӷ
ȻѾˣǾͱҴˡһս̽һҵʵ죬ȫ㡣

ǿ⣬Ѿ˻֮УӷɲɵһϾΪ֪ħʵӷͲҪȥֻ̽ħΪǿҾ㣬죬ҳӷ磬ʽħս
ӷһͬǰģˣȻҲǳӷĿǰʵΪۺūȸ
ħ˵СС壬Ҳ꣬治°ˣħ𣿡
ӷ磬Ŀ治һĴѽΪ˱ߣҿ𣿡
ܲ㿹⣬֪֮ǰÿ񷶦۷ħԿΣҾû۷ú档š
ৡ
ӷһѪⷢѪħǰٵɢγ޴ޱȵ֡
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2585 
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ԭܼ򵥣ΪҪɱģҳӷŮҳҵҳҵСɫɱġ

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ħû˵꣬ͻȻ䣬ڶʱǶƵģ漴ϷӦ˹˫۾ųӷ磬ĶݺݵĳӣҪӷƵģ
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˵ʲôӷһˣղҲ˵ˣ֣вħӷһˣǲ𡣡
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ҲʲôɳӷѾĲ񷶦еڰ˱ˡ˱޵У֮£޵Уһ磬ӷ


2586 յĲ񷶦
ħ˲ʧһӰʵ壬Ѿħǰʮ״
ͬʱӷ˫ӭ磬ÿ߳һͳһӰʮֹ֮ͣ½ŲʮӰȴûʧڳӷΧγһȦΣӷ籾˰Χڡ
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𣡼ȻǱ͵ΪʲôֱӱΪʲôֱ۷壿ŶˣŵõһĺĹɣһ붼ûаɣҶ˷ľػ磬˼ǻʵһأû´ĻӦòŵõɣҲûʸõ
ٷϻҲԶԸˡ
Ҳ˱䣿˵磬ǲԲƬԶˣ֪ˣðɣȻֻĹֱӶò˱Ǿ͵۸㡣߱ôҾ߱棬ɲС˵۸ѽ
ǳӷ粻Բ˱ֱӽɵħûֻ֣Ǳ߿ϷԸһ磬Բ˱ǲ͵ڽ˱ȫ¶ħǰ𣬳ӷɲɵ˵ǲ߱Ļ˵ʵ治һԸ磬ǼһӵźĹеǰǸ߼ΪӦøȸһεģӷֻǳԲ߱ȥԸȷܳԿӷҲòȳԵˣ
סڳӷҪסţˣǾ͵δսһ룡
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ӷ绰䣬ȴԺ˵ɷô۵ǵҶˣھͰľһ°ɡ
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Դҵսʽħȫ֪ҽԴսģʽһģȴò߱ħһῴźͿģһ֮ǰҵһ˽⣬ᱻԼƷҽµ˽⡣Ǹʱֱƹ磬ħûӦʱ򣬸ǿһһõġȻΪǿһ뻹Ҫλ
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ӷ֪ɷ뷨һ˵ɲܹңԸôĵˣ͵ôķգǼթĻҲףΪʲô֮ǰǼħˣΪЩһﲻ֪ʲôбͨ


2587 ֱ
ԽԽ󣬴һٵγһΣÿŶڵģŴ򿪣һǿӿʹλã˵
ҲðѽӷһôˣȻûʽҲŹܶڳӷ顣Ͼ壬һŮ֮ǰĺĴ½ģҲǸӷ˺üʵܵǸŮˡ
Ȼ֪ӷһսթ֮ʲôֶζʹͲװȥӷ棬װ飬Ҳ治ӷ磬ǾֱȡӷĽɣȫ
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뵱ʱĳۣմʱ򣬾Ϊжɷ׼㹻۲һԳ۷ģ磬Ҷ˷õɾ۷ľ磬ľأҲһġ
ˣ˭ڣӷĲ񷶦֮ףҲѾ˲ڰ˱䣬ű񣬽һ֮ңˣ
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İɣѾˣҲ֪񷶦ĴڣעȫἯ֮ϡûһºСӣжԶ˶ԶܵĵΣˡ
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˿̵ĳӷ磬оԼϣһַǳصԼԺУҲ˺ܶԴÿһԴɶԼκһ෴κһԴʩչԼԴ֮ϡ
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2588 ʧˣ
ӷͲĵ飬ûаյ飬Ҳȥ
ڸһһȻųӷĿģӷڵĿģֻΪħԼ˽⣬ȥɱ磬ΪħͲʲôܵõǸʱӷܻɵֻ֣һ붼֮䣬ӷȻѡǸҲħ
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ʧӷ磬ǲŹκɱĻġڣɡ

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ħѾһֲõĸоԼ֮ǰԳӷ˽⣬ԳӷԴиֵֶΣ˵Ѿָˣܳӷĸλôķħﶼиӷһ̻ʲôλϣʲôУħﶼʮԤа㡣
ڣӷӿʼڣһУħ׽͸ѵ˵֮ǰԳӷЩ˽⣬ȫǼٵֻ˵ǳӷԼǳӷһҲص̫˵ɡ
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ѵ֮ǰԳӷ˽⣬ȫֻǼѵȫǳӷװǾͲǳӷһˣ˵ӷǱߵˣȫˣΪǳӷһѾµһȦףΪģǽԸԼħõġ
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ѽһʼӷĿͲ硣
ѵѵһʼûҷѵһʼͲмһս𣿡
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ΪʲôΪʲôûҷѵӷ磬浱˵Ŀɡ
ҵˣĸǲģǵĿֻǷΪְˣԶɽӷ磬ǰеĿۣȴŵĿ
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ڣȫɡ
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Ĵ񷶦˵Ѿˣȫڲ񷶦֮ڣϳӷεĲ񷶦ȫеػħûκη֮£ҲԿġ
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ħʧˡ֮ǰֻǸһɫˣû뵽㿴ɫͿʼãڣɡ
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ˣзͿʱ򡣳ӷ磬òϣִ󣬷㡣Ҫɱңǽ죬ȸɫ᲻ã


2589 ռ䣡
ˣӷ磬ʱܣѵɣ
ܣӷΪʲôģ˿ħħֻҪˣԼܵģܶԷǺεȵǿֻҪԼյȫյġ
ʱˣ֮ǰͰ׸ˣӷɲ飬ӲʱûϢ顣
˵ɷ滳ɣôΪһ񷶦ġѵ֮ǰЩ񷶦ûһΣôȥ뵽ˣЩһѹִ򲻹ħˣҲˣҵʱ³Ǹһ
ӷ粻κһҲӲܣħص֣žˣв񷶦壬ѵħб´Լɡ
ɣռ䣬Ψ磬⣬ΨҶ𡣡
ħһǿĺڰħųӷ磬֮䣬ɺڰħܽӷǡ
ɳӷħǿħһҲη壬ǰͻȻһƬռ
ʲô
Ŀūȸ磬ȫӷһָˡ
ӷȻĿռ䶼ʼƶⲻǿռƶǡ
ڴռ䣡
ûһƬȫµĿռ䣬Ҳ˵һȫµĽ磬ң⻹ǲ˱Ϊռ䡣
ռ䣬һôĴڣӷԼ֪Ϊյ˱䣬ӷ綼ûù˱
ڣӷڿ֤һ£˱ߵŶôǿˡ
Եħħʥ֮һ˱ߵ޷ȥԸɰ˱ˡ
ɷͬʱɵˡħǸߴ񷶦սڲ񷶦ʮġԲռ䣬κá
ҲȷħǻսεĲ񷶦ȥ˵Ĳ񷶦ħǼģ֮չսȻЩ񷶦ȫǲűȶ۷壬ħ֮ʹ򲻹ǿħģӷڲ磬ڰ˱䣬ĻħĶѽʱ˲ռ䣬ռ䣬ѵħûһߴΣڲռ䣬Ȼġ
ǣңҸǣһ
ӷͲ񷶦ڵ񷶦ռ䣬ʩչ˳
ħЦռ䣡ӷ磬ûռģĵңȴǼߴεĲռ䣬ôôӦ񷶦ڰ˱ˡ
ħĺڰħûֱӴȥΪڳӷǰȻγһصĿռ䣬ռĿռռ䣬˵ţʱһε㣬磬ȫǸ񷶦һĲͶɵġ
˱ж󣬾͡
ӷ绰δ꣬ͻȻ䣬ħȻʧ˳ӷǰͬǺڰħҲһͬʧˡ
˵ռ䣬ҪӦĻǷǳ׵ģٴסˣ͸Ʒûʲô𡣡
ӷʱ󾪣û뵽ħȻ֮ٶȣԼ
ոյõ˱ӷ޷˳ֵʹãʱħһλãӷҪռƶԼĶԿħҲģռ䣬ʱҲѾʼˡ
̫ˡ
ӷȻǰһΣռϣ˵׵磬˵ţҲʱ򳹵״򿪡
ūȸˣȻǻᱻռȥġռ֮ڣ󷨣ͬһ磬ȫ󷨣ȥˣͳˣ
󷨣ռڣȫ󷨣Ҳ˵һ󷨿ռ䣬ȥͳɸͬѽ𵽵Ҳһֻǵڣһ˶ûռ䣬ӷԼҲ֪ռڻһʲôӣ
ϰⶫˡѾǿסˣ磬޷ѳġ
ղˣ鷳ˣ
ūȸ磬ȫռסˣռһǳӷ񷶦Ҳ޷ֹͣģ˵ռڲѪǲֹͣģͬһѪı㣬һʣѪǲݵġ
ӷ磬Ǽʶ˲ռˡܿϧѽռԸģңˡôʹòռ䶼֪͸ֱóĲ񷶦ǰ漸ֱɵˡ
쵰
ӷһû뵽ԼղŻǱӶɷЩ񷶦ںˣħˡ
һʹòռ䣬ҪɱңҲǲܵġˣҡ
֪㻹ܽ񷶦ֱӽ񷶦ҲֵܵһܿϧǲġȻҲ£һˣǲ֮ĵתѾ磬˱䣬Ҫֱɱ㣬Ҳѽ
㡭ô֪ǲ֮ĵת
ѵʲôСҲϻɡơ


2590 Ƿ
ħֻħѣԼħˣħһ֮䣬Ҳ
ԲѵļһǾʶһ£ħĳħưɡ
ӷһǿĲӷȴʲôħԼһ򵽣Լûˣ
һԴ˵壬ΪǿģõЩԼԭӵеĿҪĶ࣬ħҲܵȴô꣬Ϊ˸ԭϣһ岻ˣ
ڵĳӷҲһȻΪ񷶦֮ĵתϾĺã壬ͲӵԭˣӵУҲҪܶ
ȻۣΪǽ˱˵壬Ǿ֮ģԼ岢ûж
ǿħѾӷȫѹסڣħ֮ǰӷѾ׼ˡ
һһ̣ӷͽ񽣸˳ûֱӽչֳԼ
˿ħѹסӷ磬ɲóӷһҲˣֻǼһǿޱȵˡ
ӷ⣬Ѿ˸˳ħҲΪ֮һû뵽ӷȻһ֡
ǡ
ʥ
ӷߺһ񽣵⣬ޱǿ
Ҫ֪񽣣ɲڳӷģӲڳӷǿǳ۵ʥӵеڳûй֮£ԴҲޱǿģ˵ħ¾ħԵʱ˿Ĵ⣬ô˵֮ڣħԿģħηģҲͳһ˰ˡ
ǳ۵ʥ
ħȥǿȴԴΪԼ۶Կ
ڳ۵ʥȻˣħȻ룬Ѳɣ۾ڸɣзڸ
ʵħ֪Ҳ˽۵Ϊˡ
Գ۵Ŀ˵Ͳмʲôκܽ˳۵Ҳûκεķܱס۵ˡҲ˵⣬ûκˣܽ۵벽ħҲ޷װ쵽
ӷ磬ģǳҿһѺѽȻѾˣǾɡ
ӷ綼һ㶣˵ЦҰˣ㻹վ˾ֱ˵ҪԼôڡ
ߺߣɵӣһǿ߿֮ڣ˳֮⣬˭ӵǿ
ħһ˵ӷҲΪ֮Ծ
ħ˵һҲûȷһɷǳǿ߿ɳӷȴܸоͲڳ۵ģҲ˵Ͳۣڳ֮ǰɸħȴǲµĴڡ
ٷϻаɡ۰¡
ħӷѾˣԼղһģӷеĻᶼûУħֲȥӳӷһУӵסȴȥӣԭܼ򵥣ǹ߿ħһֲõĸо
ԣǳۡۼȻܳõĵųӦǲµġֻǡ
ħδ꣬ӷһѾǰ

ħΨһģӷһҲǺѣϾӷħΪĵģǿˣͻȻ͵ϮԼңҲǳӷǱߵˡ
ڳӷǱߣ˵ڳңһ֮⣬˭ӵʤӷأ˵ûѽ
ѵǼһûӷ磬ǳҳ˳ۣûκҿġּƭңҲ̫˰ɡڣȥɡ
ħȻ϶ӽߵǳӷģҲܳӷôģħҲһ˼ûˡ
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ħҪ֣ȴͻȻ֣Լ֣һҲˣʲô˸ץסˣ
ӷ翴ħӦ˵ǿħͻȻֵһˣһͷ׷ߣóӷ˵ľϲҲ˵֡
ΪʲôΪʲô
ħ㻹浱ҳû𡭡֮Զɽڴˡ
顣
ǿĳֱӾͽħ忪
ԶɽûߣǳԶɽ
үүô
ӷ磬£л֮˵
ӷڻвħҪųôңͱбȳӷǿվˣ˳Զɽ֮⣬ͲбˣڵΪҲûﵽǵȾ硣
ǣ֮սʱԶɽѾеȫѽΪʲôΪʲôָֻˣұǰǿ⾳磬⾳Ȼǡ
˵ǳӷ磬ūȸ磬Ҳȫɵۡ
֮ڣ۷壬ճ֮⣬û뵽ھȻֳһǿߣ˾Ȼǳӷүүʲôʱ򵽴ģΪʲô֮ڻһ㶯ûУͲѽ
ħͻȻֵĳԶɽ˵㣬ǳεļ
ҳҵļ֮λǴӳӷ硣ڣħǰˣӵĲ񷶦Ҳûﵽű䣬ôʱң½ӹ֮ܳλӰɡ
ԶɽҵμܺãӷڻɱҵļɡΪ˲ǱһҶֵʸûС
ȷûʸħ֡мΣ
ʲô
ħ̫ԾˣмԶɽȻммʲôʱֵģ
ħһ磬ֱֱҡͷ˵ħˣⲻܡ֮ǰȥʱͲκεǿߣҼʱڵģôܻô̵ʱڣһ㶯ûеľ͵м
ԡͲ


2591 
ӷɲóԶɽһħȻ֪Զɽôָģұǰ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱɶԷϾħѽħʥ֮һ֮ڣĿǰֻгһܹӦ
үүǸӣȴʥ֮һħתǿĿ¡һԸ
ԶɽλԶôǿĵˣֻҪǳˣͲҪκεİҲһ
ӷ磬¡һүүܹӦġ
ʲô
ܹӦ
ӷ綼ԼĶ䣬ԶɽܹӦħָˣǰǿˣҪӦħ񻹲аɡ
ħȽϷһС
ԶɽȫǿޱȣȴûκεĹâɢƺͨĹȴеȫֽ֮ϣ
Ӱħǰ֮ɾħĲеӰ֮䣬Ѿƶħǰ
ⲻܣ
ħɫʱ䣬û뵽ԶɽֿȻ׵ĴԼؿڡ
飡
һȭԶɽʩչģǳƿȭȴԶԶڳӷ֮ϣ
Ҫ֪ӷڿѾǲڰ˱ˣ֮ǿǿ֪ģʩչĳƿȭȻҲǰҪǿ
ɳԶɽڵһȭȻڳӷ֮ϣҪȳӷǿ
ڵǿһȭȥħȲûиоκεһȭͬʱħڣͻȻϢңڵѪҺҲʼ
ۡ
ɫѪҺħĿһĻĳӷĿūȸ磬ȫǴΪԾ
ˣǴˣһħˣ⿴ͨĲͨһȭһڵһȭȻħѪ⵽ôһ£
ħ֮ǰ˵ԶɽͲɼȻǣΪʲô˵翴Ͳѽ֮ǰҲħ˼ħȷ˵ԶɽͲ磬ɲͲѽ
֮£ոյĿū̾ģһѾоԶɽҪǿ˺ö౶ǳԶɽӦþмûѽΪʲôħ˵Ͳأ
Ȼˡ
ħĻӦҪҿԶɽԴյףɳԶɽȴûиκλᣬһȭͨһȭ˳ȥ
飡
ħôҲ벻ԶɽȻȭȭȫؿϣ
ͬһλݺݴȭħٴѪȥԼ۾ԶɽһļȻӵԼ벻
ħҳҵˣɲô׾ͻᱻܵģ㣬ӦúɣħʷϣҲӦü¼ĺɣ
ʲô
ħʷϣȻгҵļ¼ħ壬֮ǰѾ˵ģ˵ħʷгһڵĻǲ˵
ӷ翪ʼͿħ壬ħʷϣΪʲô¼Լң
үү˵ЩʲôΪʲôħʷϣǳҵļ¼
ӷ磬ܶ飬ǲҪ֪үүҲģΪǹϵǳֶ֪
Զɽ˵ĿҿӦΪ˵ɡ㲻ҵ֪йǳǰ飬˺棬Ǿ£ɡ
Ļ
ԶɽĵȭѾһȭȥ˵ûУ·𲻴ڡȭǴħؿϡ
ħؿڣӶԶɽУҵȭħףǿֹͣ
Զɽ첻Ҳսһû׼´μ棬һµġ
ħ纰㻹Ļڸߡû˱ס㡣
ҲڷӦ˹ɵħߣȻħԸ˵ɲȥ
ħˣǡ
û˵ķݡ
ħûȥԶɽǶԳӷ˵ӷ磬ˣ´ΣûôˣÿһΣ˼ʱ־ģԣþ쵽ű䣬۷壬´μ棬ڡȻһҪ㣬´μʱ䣬кܳΪͻҶңɡ
ħ䣬תȥ֮˵ҶҲԸӷ磬ǲøճֵĳԶɽ̫ɣȻҶǱҲɵȻҪŻħ壬ɳӷ磬ңĵˣóֵʱҶԲԥġ
ħˣǳԶɽʲôʲô磿Ϊʲô
Ѿص˺Ĵ½ϵʵ
ڣ壬ȫѾפѾħռˣ
ħ˲ǺأȻ˳Զɽȭħ˵ڸ̫˺
ӣѾҴ󡣳ԶɽȻ̳˳
棿
û桭񣡡


2592 үｻ̸
һδţΪȻħĲ£֮ڣҲ֪ĴڣһֱţҶƺ⣬Ĵڣò˵Դ棬棬Ƕģ
ȴûŹʲô񣬸Ӳ֪ħ˵Ľһô
棬񣿼Ȼħ˵ʱ˵˷ܣ˷лżĳޣǳ񣬺֮ǰѾħйӴˡ
ħˣ񣬵һô
ħһ磬˵ڽ飬㱾ûʸ֪ġıϣҿԸһ㡣棬һ˽ɣ޳ܵСˣΪ˵棬塣ڵ֮꣬𲻾սҸı˵񣬾սҸıĴˡ˵ħս˵ʵħǵս֮ģͲʲô
ħֻ˵⣬Ҳֻ˵⣬ΪЩ£ǹϵħҲµħҲûȨЩ˵ģħ֮ڣΨħʸȥ˵ҲֻħȨȥ˵
翴ħı飬֪Լ֪Щ飬ǵһģԼҲӿ϶һ£ǾǹǻԪ飬ֻʱʲô˵ˣһ˵ڣħͻ᲻һеĽĨɱ
ˣ㻹ȥһɡЩˣȫħ壬Ϳˡ
ħûȥĸףΪħ֪峤ܵģֻħȥ峤Ҳֻħһ˵
ͬʱӷ缸Ѿص˺Ĵ½Ǿ뱱֮һƬСһСϣѩǵȫɢƬСĸСϣûоۼһҲǳӷµⱻħһȫ
ƴţȫڵȳӷÿһҲʮֵģϾӷȥԵħһޱǿĴڣ治֪һսôĽ
ɻƴţû뵽ǣӷȻһ˶ûܣǳ˵ϣΪڻƴţǶԣӷȫˣҲܻ˿ѽûƴţǣǳӷƽĻˣԶɽȻҲ˺Ĵ½
⵽ôһ£۵ˣ벻ԶˣҪӵǱߣҲҪһΪѽԶɽ֮սʱѾеƽʿݣọ̈̄һͨˣʣһͨˣôߵġ
үӣôˣ
佣˫Ȼʶǿһʱ䣬֪ߺˡ
佣ǳʮ֮һȻڳҵʮѾˣ˵Ǳˣ佣ǳʮ֮һ
佣ѽ˫ô
үӣҵ۾û£ȻϹˣʶȴǰǿࡣ
Ǿͺãֻʶǿ󣬾û˫ۣҲʲô¡ǼСӵΪķǳ죬Ĵ½˲ٵѽ
佣ûԼ˵϶˵ʲôԼĴ½ӷģڣħ֣Լߣȴʮֱˡ
үӣ̫ΣˣһصɣǱ˵ȫ㡣
ȫ֮ڣѾûаȫ֮ˡ˵ˣѵϷ򻹲ǼС𡣡
ƴţ˵үӣǶ֪ǰǿ󣬿֮սʱѾ
ӷ˵үүѾָˣұǰǿζսħүүʱϵزˡ
ȫһۣÿһˣ󶼿˳Զɽ
ڳкܶˣҵЩˣϳǼʶԶɽģȴڳԶɽϣеһ޾ϡ
ƴţǳƳԶɽΪүӣӷΪүүѵˣǳҵļ
û뵽ˣȫ˺Ĵ½ңǰλ֮˿͸һûУûǳӷҲ˵ˡ
磬˵ħүӴ˵ģ
ûܶﲻ˵үүҸĵطİɡ
Сϣǳ󣬳ӷ翪һ·ֱӳǰȥ
λãΧɭ֣ɭУС޸޳ûϣƽû˻ĵܵĵ鷳ġ
ƴţǲûиӷģֻǳӷү
ͻȻӷȻתһȭͳԶɽ˹ȥ
ͻϮԶɽû̷ӦڷӦ֮ʱӷһȭѾ˳Զɽؿڣ֮ͬǰԶɽħһģͬΪƿȭ
ǿĲΧȫ𵺣ϣһɾ޴Ķɼӷһȭû˿ģǱˣһӷһȭУҲǱɵģΪӷǶе˱
ӷһȭԳԶɽȻûκ˺Զɽû㣬վԭأ˳ӷһȭ
ȻүүͲ
ԭӷֻ̽һ°ˣ飬ҲֻгӷȥʣϣĸӵģͻȻԼүүɱ֣Ǻĳ֣
ӷ磬˱ȻǿܵűĻǾڵүүҲǵֵסһȭġ
Զɽһһǿĳӷ𿪣ʹӷʮվȽšӷ绹оĵԶɽûʩչеԼ𿪣ֻ֮һˣ
֪ôһ£ħ˵Щʲô˼
Զɽɫ΢΢ɫʮֳأ̾˿˵ӷ磬үүֻܸǣүүȷȴм¡
Ȼүүǡ
£үүܸ㣬ȻбµĻǾԼȥɣǧҪħǱ֪κ飬Ϊүүȥðգ
үүӣҵ飬ԭΪѾȫ֪ˡû뵽
ǳңʵԶԶ֪ҪĶࡣղħʱҲ˵Щ£ǹϵǳҵǵڴиҵʱǧýЩ£֪үүͽΪҵˡ
үү˼˵ǴǵõģھĿٳλ
ûȻүүܽǳҵ㣬ΪĨһ㵣ǣүүҪ㣬顣
֪ˡ
֪ģħɣ
ѵ𣿡
ûдţͳ֮ˣƲ񲻳һЦ


2593 ҵĺڰʷ
ʵӷ˵ħͳʱ;úܿЦԼͳĶԼ޷ȥƣ޷ȥѵ⻹Ц𡣵Ǹʱ򣬳ӷûȥʲôϾħĴ֮⣬ӷ绹˿ͳ
үү˼˵Ͳħͳģֻ֮
ûȷħ͵ģʱڵõ󣬱뽫ռΪеģȴ޷쵽Ծڣǿйħ飬ҪԴħû뵽ǣħȻʹħ֮ͣڣȴҲ໥ܣ໥ħħ飬໥֮䣬ֿӾħħҲΪʲôһ棬ͻײҪԭ򣡡
Ҳ˵໥ײΪ໥֮ŶԿĹϵ໥ײħħȥ֮ҪȫҪȳȥħȥħˣ
û˵ħħ鱻õĹ˵ˣô꣬ħѹƣħħҲ̫ãҲΪʲô񷶦ܾۼĹϵۼһ£񷶦ȫԿħʱħħѹƾͻǸʱħħٷһŵ񷶦޷ħ
ӷЦһԭ֮Իײȫħɵĺ£Щ£Զɽô֪ģ˵ȫ˽ѽ񷶦˽⣬ΪʲôͻȻ֪ôأɷǼδ˵ѽ
ԭԭڣҲףΪʲôѾסӭսħ֮ǰҲѾסʧˡԭһУΪ֮ڣħħ飡
ɷڳӷԺ𣬺ʧ䣬ǲɡ
֪Щ£ǵĶɷͲἱȥӭսħˣһ뾡һа취Ƚڣħħȥӭսħħͱˣ
ӷûȥɷҲʱ
ԶɽͻȻõǿͻȻ֪˹飬һУôһ£
ӷͲһˣҲûкġڵ飬ǹϵԼϵӭսħģϵԼңӷҪ
үү洫ģǹ飬Ҳˣ
ţ
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ӷ磬£үүܸ㣬ҲҪ֪Ϊ㣬ǳңûκεĺô
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Ȼүү˵ܸܲңʲôͳģòǡ
ӷ磬̫ˣһ룬Ȼħͳģǳҵ֪飬᲻ǳ͵ģ
òɣǡ
ʲôˣͳҲͳġֻںܾ֮ǰҲ˵ճֵʱ򣬵һӵˣǳҵ档
ǳҵһӵȻγɵģ
ţѾ֪ǻԪ˰ɣ
Ѿ˸ˡ
񷶦ڵλҲѽ㰢ǻԪ֮ˣӦǵһĲ񷶦ɣ
ӷһ㶣û뵽Զɽⶼ֪
ʵճֵʱǳȻǵһõģȴûʹ֮ħõҲûʹԣ֪Щλ񷶦ӵˡʵǡ򿪰ǻԪġԿףҲ˵ǻԪ磬һģ
ʲô
Ǵ򿪰ǻԪԿף
Զɽ̾˿˵Ҫ򿪰ǻԪ磬˵Ǵ찢ǻԪ磬һӵаǻԪⰢǻԪ󣬾ǿǻԪ֮ţǰǻԪϵԿסǳõͬʱħ壬Ҳõ˰ǻԪ󣬿˵˫ӵ˿ǻԪһ֣ҪߺһܿǻԪˣ
һ£
ӷ˫ۿųԶɽʵүү˵ħ嵱õ˰ǻԪǳҵõǲ˵֪ǸʱǳҵŸħͬ뷨봴찢ǻԪ磿
ԶɽɫǳأǳĿɬ˵һǳҵĺڰʷһβʵʷΪ˴찢ǻԪ磬
û˵ȥԶɽ˵ȥˣҲ˵ȥ
ӷıҲǷǳѿǻԪ磬ɷ˵ǿһﶼΪ˵ĵطħΪһеףû뵽ںܾ֮ǰԼҵ棬Ҳɹ顣ǸʱĻ綼ѽǵʱ棬ʲôΪأ
Ȼ䣬ӷ뵽ʲôƵģɫԶɽӵĳأʵүүǳҸħ壬ʲôϵ


2594 磡
һƬ磬ȴɫĻ磬һƬ޴Ľɫ磡
ĹŻ磬֮һĴ½ĺڣҲΪǿĵط
ħ˫ӵȦӵ˫ۣƬһգһգģǿĻĹŻ磬ħȻ֮һ¶ûУˣ˵ĹŻ֮ڣ¾ǣС汻ģҲֻħĹŻ֮ڣһҲû£
Ȼڵħֻħˣ£ԴϹһս֮ħҲˣȻ֮ڣȴȴɢ˿
ڣħδ׻ָָĻǰǻԪ磬ҲҪʼˣ
Ų˭ڣ뵽ħħ飬ȻڻĹŻ֮УҲħõĲ֮
ʵֻҪħˣħͲָ̫Ҫȥħ壬Ҳġǣǳۻǳӷ磬ǳԶɽˣȥħġǽӼ˶ҧˣʱȥħˣ֪ħɳʲô³
˿̣ħ˫ǰһӰӰħ
ħ޷ĹŻģƾħҲڻĹŻͣһʱ䣬ȴܸħ㳤á
磬Ѿˣ
ħԶɽħҲǳħϣ
Ŷ⻹Ȥˣû뵽Ȼ浽ڣ˳Զɽ
磬ڳѾ֪˵飬ڸô죿ԶɽҪҵĻǴ찢ǻԪ֮¿¾Ҫ鷳ˡ
ңԶɽȻõ˽ĴУǾӦ֪˵顣ǿǳһβΪ֪ʷԶɽɵҲܽЩκ˵ġҲ˵ֻҪӷ粻֪飬Ͳ֪赲Ҵ찢ǻԪ硣¹ȥˣڣҲ˽Ĵ֮˵һԶɽǽ𸴻ϳۣҲԲٴʧܵġ
Ǵ˼ǣǸͲȥǸԶɽҽǶβʵʷ߳ӷ磬ӷȻ֪赲ǻԪķǻԪ£
ȻģѾƿļֻгӷĲ񷶦ʥ޼ֻҪʱ䣬Ūˡ
Ǵ磬񷶦Ҫܵõ񷶦ĻҲ𲻵õġΪҪǣǻҪˣܳΪİ֮ԿǸӷ磬ºѱƵġ
ʲôҪƵĻǰ漸ҲͲô鷳ˡǺüĲ񷶦ǶֹǾ͸֮ǰһֱò񷶦ۼһ𣬵ȵۼ໥֮Ҳ찢ǻԪʱˡ
ħ˵ͷӣħѾгˣһжļƻƵС
ħأħѾ֪˰ǻԪ£ǿɲΪǵô򵥣ҲˣŻᷴħ壬תȥҵġһħǰһУǶǣɾ͡
İɣħָܻļ䣬ǲָܻģǳӷܵű䣬۷壬Ǹʱ򣬰ǻԪ磬ͼˣ
ħҪģǶֽˣÿһˣҵ֮ڡڳۣѾʥ޼һͽܣͲ뿪ųҲǸ㹻ʱ䡣ʱ۲һеɱħ壬ߵͷˣ
磬˵ǰǿ𣿡
ǳǿڵĽ֮ϣ۵ǿȴǹϵһκ˶󲻵ܣǸܣûйϵҸûϵɵ֪˳۵֮󣬿ĳ嶯ˡ
ħ۷״̬£۶Ծǻ治֪˭˭ڣɱħ֮⣬ûκΰ۶ԿȻ²ߣħ׼ǲģΪˣͱٷ֮һı֤ɱħħˣһħˣ֮Ŵ򿪣ħ㳲磬ĸ鷳
ħʲôʵģȴֲƵģǸӡ
ħ˵ôˣǲǻʲô벻ͨ£
磬ֻ֪ħ֪Ǽ£ǲģģ¡
ħ̾˿˵ȷǻԪ磬ȷǴ򿪹һΣǴֻһ˲飬ɵĸӰҲѾȫ㵽ˣͲҪ룬÷飬ǲġ
ħʵ磬״˵ꡭ
죡˵ܶˣڸ׵鲻ᡣȻħ֮ĶԹȴܵûйֻҪǻԪ磬Ǿ͵˸׵ԸͬʱҲ游ױˣ
ħݺݵҧ˵ҺܻǸ磡Ȼԣ໥֮ȴѵĹϵɸϵľʹ죡ССľޱ޾ԳһӢ۱ʱжѪһʤߣԼĶ֣ʧߣŬĶɽûκεıûκεĻǸԾԵȥ£еˣԴӽ֮Դӳҳ֮һеһУͶˣ磬˺ڰıУ磬ҺޣҺ޽Һ޳ңǣһУǸԭʾ׵磡


2595 Ʋֵһ
ҵٶϽһݵأΪʱָģǳǱҲѾϢȫ뿪в½ִڱв֮䡣
ڶ½棬Ϊӷ֮ǰδ£˵½ǴڶһСʱ֮ǰϢ˼ľس˶ʥŮһܹȥǶ½Ҫ֮ˣӷҲȥľؼƽǵ̣¶Ըħ磬ҶңҪġ
Ѿ˽һϵеİţҲѾ֪ƺǱȫħ޷룬ԴҶǱߣӦǳʲô⡣
ԣҶѾħ壬ҪŻȴֲҸħͻԲ֪ʲô󷨣ƺ򶼸
гԶɽħӷҲʱô
Ѿħƿ֮УǸ綼Եʮص壬ħָ֮£ѾȫƷˡ½棬ö룬ľǲֵģԣ½ǲҪȥܣľص·٣Ǵһ飬ǲΪеġ
ӷ˵ͷȷľһֱԵģֻԼһ˶ѣڴַ棬һħ֮£ľҲ
ƣôֱ˵ɡҲҪħ˼үүڣħǲɱֵģûоԵİգǾ޻ء
ԳԶɽӷү˵ǶԸħһˣħԲǶֻ֡ǣ壬һ۷壬һǵĿǰΪֹû¶ģԣħܶԳӷ׶ֵͬʱӷҲҶǱɱ壡ΪӷԸԶɽү֣ħ峤֮֮ͬ£ӷټһūҲռ˿ıˣϾūֻһ۷壬ǾǱɱķݣ
Ƹ˵ƴţ廰үӣܸܲǣڵ˵ܲɱħ峤
Զɽ࣬˵һûģ֣ӷūҲǰ첻ġ
ҾͲˣ˵ǵõǳĴУΪʲôһħ峤ɱأ
ȷ棬ǵǺε֮ǿ󣬰˵һħһ峤ǿĨɱģħҲӦ
ɱˣϾôãܽҲܱеѽҲ˵ԶɽõĴУǳ۷ֻ֮ǰһˣ
ֶһһչһղʮտաħЩǿߣÿ춼ڽҳҲ޵ġҳ汾ڴˣ۷ˣħˣѽҪų֮Ŵ򿪣ϷõĴҲֻҳ֮ǰһСְˣһСֵԸһ۷廹ûģҪԸһ۷һħ;Բˣ
ӣǳȽǿүӣи飬֪˵˵
˵ɣʱʲô뷨ֱ˵Ҫκεļɻ䡣
үӣģȻ޵еģǲǿԸһλáȥųǣ
ԶɽЦһȴ˵ţ㵱ųʲôˣ˵˾ͻ˵ġǵطʥǲ뿪ģ˿òųͻϿͲκ˽λõʱ䡣
ƴţˬѵҾû뵽˵ûʲô취ܽλõģ
û취ûκΰ취ȻүѾȥųˣߡ
˵ҲԣܽѵԶɽ벻𣬾Ϊܸ۽λãԲŻӷġ
ڳӷеңһΪħǱߵ⣬ڶǳ⡣
Զɽûи߳ӷ磬Լңħ嵽ʲôϵʲôϵӷоĵԼ棬ħ֮䣬һһʮ΢Ĺϵ
֮ǰħЩʲôҲʵһʷѵ˵ľǸħ֮Ĺϵڵʱֵ׷ʲôأ
ڣڳӷ֪ħͳģҲ΢ֻǻҪ취Ƚ񷶦ħħǣΪֹӷҲûо񷶦ħκϢѽӦǱ񷶦ѹûиħս֮ǰûн񷶦ȫ֮ǰħһֱѹסӷѰǵħڲ񷶦ڵλڣ
ƣùܱģֱ˵ʲô
ţҾͲˡҪĵһǽһһǿ󣬼᲻ɴݵķνʵĽϣԣڲȥħˣгүڣҲûҪȥˡѡһط̵ʱ֮ڣĴ½ȫۼȥȻۼ֮أһĻʳǣʳǣĸݵء
ӷ˵ͷʵģӷġ
ӷûҪһȶĸݵأѡһõʱ÷ɢڸصͬһʱҲɢҵľƣչһĴսֱħս
Ȼƣ˵ҲеݵҲǳ飬ҪսҲҪһʱԳӷûȥƵļƻ
ǾͰ˼ɡ裬Ĵ½ȫۼ
ǣʣǾۼʲôطȥ
ӷһ£˵̳
ʲô̳ǵطǲ̫С˵㣬ɲôѽ
ģ¾ͽūɡū磬̳Χе죬ȫƶ̳Ҫ̳һȫµĴ½̳ҵָġ


2596 ¾ƣ
ϣ½汻ľظʥŮ˲ͳϷľصĽ£
ľزռ˶½һ½һ֣Ҵɣеɢ˸ͨˣڿʼνĶ½ҲˣʥŮҲˣ½Ϊ½ʥŮΪ
û뵽ľؾȻڶݣڵᵽĴ½ˣĴ½֮ϣڳӷ磬ħҶ˷֮⣬ֽһ½Ҳʹħ֮ǰĲ²һ⣬ħΪ㶦ľƣչڣӷǱ߻ûжȳһľصĶ½
ħʵĶݺ˵û뵽۵ͽܣˢӡҾȻˡӣǼһӦǳֵµһƣ
˵ħˣ֪۵ͽľأӵеݣһݳ޵Уǳ۵ǰյĵӣ֮ת˺ӾްҹڵľءǼһаĺܣÿһζĪȻΪڳۻʥ޼һû´ĻľصΪȻô࣬ӦǳͰźõġ
Ŷû뵽۾Ȼôһ֣Լ޷ɳһӣ⻹ȫҵѽ
ħģǸľȻǳһƣҲܻڹؼʱΪؼáӷȴ˽˶Թ˷ǳϣӷԡľȳӷһҸΪ½һ㣬Ҳ½ľƳ׸ıˡ²²ⲻĻӷǱߣӦҲˡ
ʱңԶ֮һ𶯴𶯣ͬһȻ̳ڵλãˣ
磡ħ½ǿū
ӷˡҵ뿴⶯ʲô
ħһӣǰһڹ⾵ӣڹ⾵ڣ̳ǱߵĻ档
ֻū̳ϿգȴƻսͷųһǿȡʲôƵġ
ūڸ
㿴γһȫµĴ½
ȫµĴ½
еԾ֮ǰħħʹ۵ڣħȻĴ½ϣγһȫµĴ½һνĺ½ʱҲͳ׽ˣ
̳֮ϵĿūǰճӷ˵Ҫ̳ΧСȫۼģȫ̳СγһȫµĴ½
ɵūһͷųϣֳһǿޱȵֱӾ͹˿ūڡ
үӣǡ
ūתһԼģȻǳԶɽҲѹ֣˳Զɽ֮⣬Ҳûӵǿˣ
ȻҪγһȫµĴ½Ǿͱ̫Сˣɴһ㣬Ŀ½ȫںһɡ
ľռݵĴ½֮Ŀ½ȫںһҲ˵½ϾҪһ½ˣȻȻľؽռݵĶΪ½ԶɽȻҲȥҲ֪ľǱߣȻŵģ
˵֮ǰӷ罫еȫɢΪ޷ħ濪սĻ˳Զɽ򣬳ӷ绹ʲôȻҪγһݵأǾһģȥ֮ڵеƣ׸ıһ¡
ӷȫûв֣Ҳûж˵ʲôȫڸߵϿգĶ
Զɽһ֣˿ū֮䣬ʼɽɭ֣ȫڸı䣬λãǵƣȫһ̣ŷ츲صĸı䡣
Ŀ½ĸ򣬳̳߿Ҳ˵̳Ϊĵ㣬Ŀ½еĵڣȫ˹
ԼСʱ֮Ŀ½ͬʱһɾ춯ص𶯸ըĿ½̳Ϊģȫһ
ˣȫͷĴ󺹣Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ̶̰Сʱ֮ڣͽĿ½ȫһȻϾѺۣǴӸ߿ȥĻ޷Ŀ½ԭϵرȫָѽ
үӵϿūȻǾѽĿ½һ𣬿ѺۣҲһһħЩѺۣͽ´½ˡ
ӷû˵ֱӸߺá֡
ڳӷ󣬳һ󣬲á
޸
ѽˣӷĲãӵǿ޸˲ڰ˱䣬һȫݻٵ磬Ҳ޸ġ
ֻһ⣬½ϣϵЩѺۣ֮䣬ȫ޸ˣһܴĸȥǽһģȻγɵģ
Ĵ½ȫϣӷĲøõ޸֮ٷľռݵǿ½ӷߵ´½ֱһСĺ½ڱһȫ´½һǱС㣡
ؼѾֹͣΧĺϣҲѾֹͣӷȴûֱȥȫµĴ½Ҫһȫµ֡
㿴´½ʲôΪã
ѽ磬ڿʼǳ˵ĵˣĵ̣ҪһֲСΪԺǵɶҪ½֮ϵģ
ƴţ˷ܵô˵ûҪصǱȥˣ뽫ƼҶ
ӷһ£ʵƣһĲ񷶦Ѿǵڼˣ
ڼ
ӷʵʲôѽѵԼ֪ǵڼ
ƻǻشھŴ
ţȻǴûӭսħĴڣҲΪӭսħġŴ񷶦ŴӭսħţΪϵ֣´½ΪھŴ½ɣ


2597 ꣡
ľվ½ĺۣ֮ųӷǱ½ĵھŴ½ԭһģΪ½ôʱ½ѾˣӷĵھŴ½ľռݵĶ½ΪֽĴ½ȫҲԸħƥеȫ
ֻǵڣû֪ľôģĿ꣬һħҲ뽫ħȴûѡӷһ𣬶ǽһ֧
ľصⷽУǰ½ͬʱ֮ǰвǳǵ񽣸̫һЩˡ
ǳǵʱľؾʶ񽣸̫һˣֻǸʱľ̫ľأȴѾǸ߼ˣӵһʥ޼Ҷ˷磬һ׼֮һˣ
񽣣̫һ޳ӣˣȫľصֶνȫľص
ȻνģľǴûڹģҲҪЩ˵ģΪľضԣЩˣڻҵĴڣʵʱ򣬽ǸƳȥľǵĿģͬʱҲľعõֶΡ
뵱֮սľȫڻңΪĿģ˵ǾԵĲֶΣǵˣԼˣΪľõӡ
ò˵ľΪ˸ֶҲһλҲֻг̵ܽľĽɫ
£ڳӷǱߣѾ˵ھŴ½֮£Ƕ½С㣬ͲһһħɱǸûм֮ġ
̫һˣ½ˣȫľΪ£ҲľصڶһֳƺȻʱнδڱľصĵڶҲľص֮ڡ
սħŴ񷶦ӷǼһǸǰһôװ
ȷӷǸװĻ쵰лĻǣǹͬĵˣȴħ塣
ѽħ壬ʱĴ½˶֪ˣҲ֪ǳӷǱߣľߣӭսħ壬ӭսħģ
ɱӷ磬Щǰ첻ھ͸Ӱ첻ˡȻңҲ첻
ľ֪ӷҲѾˣΪȻԼ֮£ɲ˱ȴ֮޵еĴڣľһʥ޼ĻǳӷĶ֣
޳˵٣ӷǱߵʮ֮ţĹ˳ӷġ
ģģЩ˵ڳӷ˵ƨ㡣ұȳӷҪõĶ࣬ΪûκһѣûκεսѣûκεֵܣûκεĽãеģֻԼ
˿ľأˣʵǿµ˼㣬Ͳκ˵һ£ֻԼ

ľض˶٣˵ڣ۵۵ʱԭӿǱߣҲȫγһ磬ܶ˵ΪǴȵӣЩһӦҪˡ
Щһ˵ǡ
ӷڵǱߵҵ
ҵѾ֪һЩɶһôĴڣ
͸һΪڵڡ뵱꣬ҵɽ飬ӷĶڵĺڵ֯󣬻ǳӷĶӮˡ
£Ǹˣǿ𣿡

ǾͲõʲôˡ
ÿһˣɶô򵥡ӷֵżսÿһǲĽɫҶԳӷ磬ǾԵģҲǳӷΨһһĵĲ¡һپļһǼһȻǸͨˣõ˳ӷָҲеɾˡңһĳǸپʣǱʮǿģκһ˲ֻҪһӷ綨ȻԲ񷶦Ϊȵʵǳӷӵеʮֿˡ
ٿ£ҲҪʱġڹϣ̫ʱӷ硣ħӷǱߵҲһͲסġ
ˡǲҪ̫Сңҵǹĺܡ
ʲô
ǰӷкܶˣңֹͽһͽһǳڵ£һǳҵĳһŮ洣һгġ֮սʱˣһнδŮһһԸң˵ڵʱҲʮǿģֻһܽҸˣǳӷͻȻӾڤŴ󲿶ӷصǵʱĳңֻһͳ죬мܲס
£ǲ̫ףҵңӷǰЩʲôϵ
ľû˵ҵ飬Ϊü֣һ֣Ѿѧˣһҹ֮ͷΪģǰӷ磬Զɽƿسҡ
ڣħѾ磬ħҲ磬ħʥȫ磬ֻħ˲ûˣʱ򣬳ԶɽҲóҵһˣ
ͬʱ̳
ӷѾ̳֮Ŵ򿪣ӳֵҲѾȫӷգ
Զɽ̳룬ֳһѪ⣬ӷǣȫվΧ
磬Ҫ𣿡ƴţʵ
ҲɼȻүүˣҲܷѽ
Щһ渴ǣһôûеġˣÿһˣǣɶѽÿһˣҲǱɱġȲ˵ˣǰǸڵҵĻ޼Ƿҵķ죬㣬νǲݵġ֮Ǹνİ㣬ҲǽδǳҵͽŮ洸ģһʡ͵ĵѽȫǾ͵Ƕ˼ľأ
ƴţ˵꣬ԶɽǱߵѾˡ
ǳҵһΪܽѾȥˣȫ


2598 ĵˣ
ںܶսϻ˵ǰĵˣҲڵսѣǰսѣҲܱΪĵˡ㣬Ȼܶﶼ֪Ҫȥܣͷǳˣ
ӷճʱĵ˭ɾѣһǶĻ޼һǾǵķ죡
˵޼ڵİڵ˵ӷ֮䣬ǺڵϵͷǲݵĴڡ
͸˵ˣǺڵ׵зݣΪڵһλͷ֮󣬲ݸλĻĴ˵ޱģǰĳӷ磬ûκ˻ȥˣڳӷ֣֮ڳӷ֮֡رǷ죬ŮˣĽ飬˻ٰ˶ʽΪӷĳ֣ǶûɣǱӷһ˫ȣʱڵڳѽ˭ܹȥֹġ
˵ĹһºڰͷĿνϵ뵱꣬Խεһ׳λõʱ򣬹ͷڵȥֹɵôǱӷ赲ỪĺڵһսУҲĺܲҵġ
ٵһҵĳģһҵŮ洣ˣһڵʱȴȫ˽δСųӷ糤λ㣬ɵŮ˵³ôģͳͳڳӷ֮֡
ʵЩˣлкܶӷĵˣϹԵǸϱõλȫǳӷĵˣ
û뵽˽죬Щ˶ûӰˣҲûκ˻ȥЩȥˣԶɽȴ˳ҵҪЩ˸
˵ӷǰЩˣڵĳӷֱһ죬һأûʸڵĳӷӷһָͷͿԽȫɱ
ȻڲͬĴڣֻҪĳЩ˸ÿһˣʲôģΪͨˣֻ֣õӣû˿ͨˣһ˳ĸҲӵʮǿ
Զɽľӷ粻ȥӷȴ֪Զɽ֮ȻеģϾħĶԿħĶԿֻҪħħħ壬ǲôľֵõġ
ȲܳҸħ嵽ʲôϵȻǵˣǰˣӷҲһдۣħ
Ȼ˵ֻ˵ѣôܸħݵĹϵǾԲܵģݹϵԶɽҲôľȥʲôˣǳӷ磬ǳۣǳҵֻҪħӴоġ
ڣӷӴħ۽Ӵħ˫֮䣬һ鶼ûУеģֻǵ⣬Ǿ˵Ҹħ֮䣬ǾԲκѪԴϵĹϵġ
ԶɽѾֹ֮ͣ䣬һ޴Ѫţ
ˣѾʩչˡ
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ںҲûʲôرѽԶɽҪЩˣҲûһֵѽ
үӣ˵ЩˣһҿҪɱһġ
ǻƴţ佣Ϲң̣ͬ뷨ЩһǵˣһܱɸľһĴڡ
ɱˣǾɱɣǸ֮סǽǸҲûʲôˡ
Զɽȥֹκεɱ¾ô֮£ȥֹġ
ڳԶɽǱûϣҲûʲôˡ
ӷ絹ƴţһ뷨ȻԳԶɽľҲܲ⣬ɼȻԶɽˣӷΣЩˣһ֣ͱɱˣҲֻ˵ԶɽľǴģͲҪӷȥ˵ʲô
ˣ
Զɽ̾˿ȫˣģҲȫˡ
ЩνģȻǳӷģȻǳԶɽȻԶɽֲò
أʲôط첻˳ˣ𣬳ŪһΡ
Զɽڵͷ󺹣ûж˵ʲôתȥ
ӷɫҲ˺ܴı仯˵ûȫͬһطүүڲͬĵطģҲǵţǶֵĻһ԰ȫ
磬ˣڵΪЩһ˭ҵĶ֣ǽδˣ
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ƴţɫһ䣬˵ɶɣȫǵɣ
ţҳȫǵɣǷ죬ǻ޼ǽδŮ洸ģȫǵɡʲôɣҲ֪ԼŰɣ


2599 ۼģ
üֲͬ˷̳ƶٶ֮죬ҲǾˣ
ӷ˸̳߳һ̣֮УȳһӰˣ̳ģҲǵһϵģ
ʵһγԶɽԳ˶ˣӷ粢ֻܿ϶ǣˣ̫ԶģҲ˵ֻǳӷʱģΪ̫ԶǳҲܽǸ
ӷ硣û뵽ּˡ
еһˣһ۾Ϳ˳ӷһˣûȥΧˣֳޣֳӣνѽ
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ң϶ˣϹã㣬Ҳ˵硣ҿȥӦɣɱɱˣûõ˾㸴ûá
ûһģΪаǵıùӣһ˽һ壬ıü壬ȴֻһ˰ˡ
аϹͬһطģҲ˵ǵļͬһطǸʱ򣬳ӷϹҸаļ磬õޣ
ƴţվ˵аСӾȻҲˣүģھǵʱͿ˳ˡ
ȻƴţҪԸаϹҲΪӷѾ˵ÿһˣȫɾ磬Ҳǳǿڡֻǽһ˸ʲôûУǸʲô˼ҵɲֻΪеѽ
ţǾͽˣҲĸ档
ģûģˣǾͿǸǿţˡ
ʱУ˹˱аΧķλ
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ӷ磬û뵽ҾȻܻɡ쵰ɱΣһΣһҪ
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ʱĳӷ磬ò˵ȫرھǣӷţ˶һǧҪȥλ̫ү˼ҷӶǲ˭ȥ˭ù
츴˫ȻҲûµģܽͬΪɼĴڡ
޼а죬ˣڵʱĻһ˵ȫٮٮߣͬģٮٮߣҲȫӷɱ
쵰磬ܣһ㹻Ըˡ
ƴţҲģ֪ԷȫǵɣȻҪһ֮ȥӷ绹ղס
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ĸĸѵţүһǲɡǰǵˣҲܳΪѡ
Сӣ治Сѽ㲻Ǳأ

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ƴţˣûиΪʲôȫЩѲļһ
ĸˣƴţȥӦĻڵ˵ĸĳ֣ƴţɾѹˡ
Ů洣νĴ֮ĸҲˡ
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ƴţ߸ˣǿϹ˵͸ţүûϵȫǳɱģлһϹҵͬ磬ҿᣬǸɡϹңϣҲ
ʲôҲ㻹浱ǴMTˣ
㲻ǰɣǰɣ佣ϰɡ
佣վ˵ȻûϣҲܶѽȻⶫ˵һ㶼Ҫ°ܽȴûһ˸ҳսģ񲻱Ц
佣һԶôǿĵˣǸϣ
ȱ𼱣
ӷֹס佣ڻǸǽоʱҪоҲҪôѽڵķȫǵΣڳӷǰȫǱɱĻɫ
ӷ絥֮УһѪ⣬Ѫٵǣ캰ȫӷҪʲôֶˣ
Ƿ죬ˣȫǳӷ϶֣ÿһ˶ڳӷ綼൱˽ġ
ڣӷȴҪôӲҪǣѪ⣬ֱӴӳӷгϿճȥ
磬ͳͳҿɣȫµս


2600 ˴ս
ӷһѪ⿪ٳ֮һͨѪһǿ⣬ֱ£棬Ҳ˵ڵĵ磬źĴ½
޼ǳӷڵĶ֣ҲڳӷģȻβ֪ʲô£ˣǱҲĪͷ·һܾõΰ㣬ˣȴһİĵطֻܸоԼǿޱȣͬʱҲܸоӷϤϢ˹ĿģǱ
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2601 Ӱӣǧֹ
ƴţǱߣӷȥΪӷ֪δҲѾǵɾˣɻƴţļ𣬿϶ڽδ֮ϵģҪǸ£Ͳʲô⡣
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2602 ڽ£
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پһԹģ뵱꣬ɲ֪پЩˣǻ޼Ǽǿ˶ٱû뵽죬Ȼ޼ͬĵΡ
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پǲǰɣøȥŪǡ
ӺţǵҪսһ棬һľ֪׬ǮԳԺȺȣӶĲ档Ů˵ģ㣬ѾˣΪһﶯ˵ӷ磬ųӷҡײƭ֮ڣѾû˲֪ӵĴˡ
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پ㿴ܲܽȫ£
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ˣǳӷ׹ùã
ӷ磬šȽҵͽǸҸһΣɱһΣʮΣɱʮΣ
̼ڿУ˹ȥǰ
ùãþòˣ
ţ̣ӣȹùǿˡ
ңⶼӷ磬ȻҲȻùˣԹùõʣ֮һ֮ϵġڣùãǼļһ²ɱ
ɱΪʲô
ΪүүǸģ
ʲô˵ǡѵҳ
ûȻǶ֪үүΪʲôҪɼȻˣǾһԭ򡣡
۵˵ͷԶɽָǿޱȣһĵ飬Ȼ֪ġ
ڣҲ˵Ϳӷôɣ


2603 ˽ռ£
ӷ磬㻹Ǹǰһֻ֪һ˶ǿЩ£ûһõġ
޼˵ʮ˽ӷģǶԳӷ˽⣬ȴûгӷ˽ôȫ򣬵ģǳӷ磬ˣ
Ȼܶ飬ӷҲֻǱģ˵ǰĳӷȷһ˶ǿʱͬˣԵħ壬Ѿħӷ绹һ˶ǿĻģǳӷ硣
ǻƴţǣپǣǳң磬ĵӷ綼뾡һа취Ǳǿ
֮Уһ΢ͻ֣ӷһ仰Ҳ˵΢⣬ǵھŴ½γ֮󣬳ӷ̳յҲǺü񷶦ļӳΪûбȫյʣһ֣ӷԲⲿֵ˱ԱҲǲ˱ⲿֵڣѾԶԶ˳ӷϣ
ž
ӷе΢⣬Ϊ˰˵⣬ͬһʱ䣬ӳӷггȥУ˱ը̻ͬ㣬˵ֱ̻پӿȥ
ʲô
޼о˵̻ǿҪȥ赲Ϊ̻ٶȿ׷ϣһʱͼ˵̻ȫ嵽پ˵ǰһΪɫ壬پ˸Χ
ʱ֮䣬پ˸еһǿޱȵϵĹԼڣȻʹԼ˵Ϊʵڴȵ
ȵپȫ£ʢһնپͷ
ʲôʱ򣬳ɣ
̶û׹⵽ôһ£ΪʲôپΪһĹϵɵģȻپǴھŲ㣬Ҳû۷ѽ۷嶼ûֱӳɣֱһģ
ͬʱ߸Ҳͬʱ飬ÿһ˵ϷһնÿһˣȻͬһʱɾ磡
̳֮ڣߴ񷶦ļӳӷգǳӷⱣģ֮ǰͳͳӷһԴپˣΪģҪپ˵ȫȥٶȥΪپǰ˸ҪԿħ˴ħģ˿ĵ飡
ԭӿնӿȻѾ۵һ𣬳Ϊһ¥ģʽ߼ΪĹǲıġ
ӷ絥һӣһѪⷢնӿԭͳͳɢˡ
پȳɾ磬ϵǿֱӴӴھŲ㣬˵ɵڶ㡣ÿһˣҲȫ˵ɵһ㡣
쿴һĻķپǰ˸һ֮ǰȻԼˣȴԼٶ׷ˣһУǳӷΪȻô̵ʱڣپǰ˸
а˫Ŀųӷ磬Լ۾ӷһеʱҲԵ̫˰ɡ
ôʵܽ˵ɣ֪˶꣬ĳӷ磬׽һôĽ׶Σ
Ҫˣѵǲ뱨𣿡
аһҪԳӷ綯֡
죬޼ͬһʱӦûǶ֣ͻȻ䣬ӷ磬Ȼֱӳǰʮ֮
ܣ̫ˣ
̫ˣ
Ȳ˵ӷļǶǵɣ˵ǳģӷѾǲڰ˱ˣ֮޵У۷ǳӷĶ֣οǸոոķ켸ˣȫǵͼɵļһ
Ȼһҵ°ܽǵƣ겢û˿ļӣеףүүΪʲôҪǸˣ
ӷ⻰һĸȫסˡ
˵ʲôǳԶɽǸģ
ϻҳ֮⣬˭ܽЩ˵˸ҲǺˣħǰҲûḴѱҲɱǣҲܱǣǵѵ֪ʲô죬ˣǻקȥˡ
ӷ磬Σǿ㵽ױжǿˡ
Ǿ۾úÿɡ
ӷ˫ֿٽӡռ䡣
ռ䣡
ڰ˱֮ǰԸħʱӷûгɹһΣԸһ·ǼɣȻֻǼСɫɳӷҲ֪ռ䣬ôҲȽҵ˽ɣ
һ޴ķ壬˳ӷǰı棬ͬıһɫɫĽϣƷǳƯ
ڷϣ˵ɫĵһķӣ棬벻漣
ӷ˫ַֿһ˲䣬޴ķȻҲɢ˿ˡ
žһռ䣬ʱֻĸСռ䣡
˿̣ˣֻȫһû˿֮£ĸˣȫĸС֮ڣҲǷֻɵĸС͵Ĳռ֮ڡ
ԭռ仹õģ֪֮ǰͲħȥˡ

ҽУĸ˵ĲҽͬʱĸСռ𽥵ıСռڵˣҲڱѹĸСռ䣬˷ǰСӷ֮У
ռ䣬ѵֻȻǲܵġ
ӷ罫ĸСռк󣬿ԺԸоĸСռڵı仯ֱ仯
ϵĸСռ䣬֮ˣȴһ磬еأɽкɭ֣һ磬еһУһݻһľȫΪһֽ磬һ󷨣֮˶һ£ͻᴥߵĽ󷨣һֽ磬һСʯͷһ󷨣վԭزֻҪһǾͻᴥһ磬һ󷨣ֻҪһģͻȫ磬Ľ磬ǿһ֮ϣʣǵȳ棬˭ֵܵס
ȻռΪرһ˵ǿǿ֮˱жǿ󷨸ͻжǿ󣬿˵󷨸磬뱻֮˳Ϊһƽеģ̼ͽأһĥ˵ķʽĥ˵ķʽʵпµĶֻ࣬Ҫӷ粻ǾãܣԶȴҲԶֻǱ󷨸粻ͣĥˣ


2604 ԭǴ˵еķ
ƴţ𾢣ͻȻС͵Ŀռ䣬δҲסˣ̼Сӷƿ֮С
еӣһĻȫɵۣ˲˵ǽδ֪ģ죬ӷȻһоͽ㶨ˣһڳ֮Сҽе͸˵ˣֱǾ춯ˣ
磬ɱǣЩ쵰ȻҸǽоŪǣĻѽ
Ӵ󺰴Уֱڸӷ綪ˣһһģеȫԱӵĿ⿴
ӷͲӣǼһôòǵУ治֪ʱ䶼ڵǱʲôΪ⵹Ƕˣ
ƣһµҪȥһүү
ӷɫԵĲ̫ÿӣʲô£ȴ˵ڡ
ƲûжʣΪĳӷֵģֵĲΪļˣӦû飬óӷŲµģ˵ɻģ
ãȥɣһȫźõģ鴦֮һᵱ˵棬齨սţҲǳУΪǿһ֧սš
ӷ粢ģƲ֪ʲôˣΪӷţԼ֮ǰһὫ˵ʵԸ˽ģƵı£㱾¶ûУʦҲõˡ
̳ûȥپκһˣ̳֮ڣԶɽϥɫǲ԰ףӣӦĹ
үүħʱ¾û˵ֵסˡ
ӷῴԶɽղʹóЩˣ˺ܴģǵϵģκһԭ˵Сģ
Զɽ۾ųӷ磬ʵȻ֪ھͲӦңħʱҪģȽһеķȫ׼ãʱֲ
үүɷģ֮ǰ飬ħɻ䣬ûȫ׼ãûоԵİ֮ǰǲġǳ飬иһ˽⡣
ʣΪʲôǰЩ˸
Ǹضǵжõˣ㣬Ҳ֪ҲҪ֪ΪڣǼ޷ƿصĻҲֻܸħˣûʸȥӭսħ
֪ʲô
֪顣
Զɽ̾˿˵үү֪ʡǳҵʵǴһַܱģַҲΪڵϹʱھѾֹֽҲźܶഫ˵
ҹȻû´ǸͲʲôǡ񣡡

ȻǷһַڳҵķ
һַģεĸѾһԴҲʱԭӡ
Ƿʹ𣿡
ԶɽЦһ˵εʹãӭսħǾԵʤˡܿϧֻʹΣ֮󣬾ͻԶ𡣶ڵ̳ʱѾʹùһˣ֮ǰʹùһΣҲ˵ֻʣһˡңҪʹ÷ĵΣͱҪԵĴۣҲ˵ÿʹ÷ҲǳҵʱҪ۵ġһүүѾ˴ۣѾһ룬Ҫһʱܸ
εĴʲô

Զɽ˵ӷȴܴӳԶɽıпʹ÷˵ĴۣǾǡ
սħӭսħض˵ģʱҲ˲ˣߵˣҵˣҵѣҵֵܣܻȥүүڡ
ӷ磬Ҳ󣬲ʹˣս֮ˣҲҪȫԷ񸴻ˣδǼҲǿ˵ġ
ţףҵʹҲҵΣսˣԼҲȫġ
Ǿͺãû֮⣬ȥæİɡ
үүһ֪һ¡ǼУ˭Ҫģ
Զɽ˵ӷ磬Ҫ֪һֵˣΪ޵Сħ޵УѾ֪ˡ㣬ͬ޵еģֻ޵бȱ˶ѣδÿһˣȫ޵УЩˣΪõĻǾͻΪħħãˣǻǸ
үү˼˵ǳзħ巽棿
ħ巽ûз񣬵ȴп
ꣿ˵ǣԼ
ûԼԿ꣬ڵԼϣһԼȥЩ޵еԸ㣬Ǹʱÿһ˶˽ģԵĺܱˡ
ԭˣԭԶɽδǸǲýδǱħˣһħԼȥƳӷЩȥ֮е꣬˵ʵڳӷȫ벻֮£ᱻֲģ


2605 ǳأ
Զɽı۾ֲɣóӷ翴еܲܣ
ԭܹҸãҵۺ񣬾Ҫһڳҵ԰Ҳһ仰飡ڣһжˣϰһڵ磬ԭõܵĴ½ӷԸħ壡
ӷ룬ԼܸǿĻүүԶɽ׳ۣͲҪˣԼһˣԶԸħˣԸħˡ
ֻϧ⣬Ȼӷǿʱǿ֮ǰͱҪǿıӡ
۵ųΪ˰ӷʱ䣬ԶɽĵΪ˰ӷֿħһĳӷǰļ޵иһеһУȫΪ˳ӷ
ӷǷµ̫ˣǷЦѵģǷĸԽģǷ˵ģЩˣÿһϺӵġ
ԣӷ粻ԼߵЩˣƬ֮ϣԼҲҪǣȫصԭǵȥ
үүܴ𣿡
Զɽ˵ͷӷҪ񣬾ǲ뵽ʱ̫࣬Զɽõη˸£Ҫɳӷȥ
ֻһεĻᣬһʹãǾͱ븶ǳĴۣۣҲԣܲãҪȥãӷ磬ǵھŴĲ񷶦ǳҵţһܿɢħ飬ħģͿԱܶˣ
ӷ᲻֪һӭսħһܶģԼȫҲܱס˵
սԭʹӭսħĵھŴսھŴսһĻӷԿһʬ壬һķĹҲЩĹǻƴţ֣ҲϹҵ֣Ҳ佣֣ܻκһ˵֣˭˭սɳӷ綼ȫħ壬Ҫ˸
Զɽ˫֣ӡѾûжӿ취ӡٶˡ
⣬ڳԶɽ˫γɡ
ʱǷΪ֣Ľš
ʮӺ⣬Ϊ˽⣬һʥּ˳ԶɽУǾŵģڱ棬дŹϵ֣ǳӷȫû֣֣ӷȻһ۾ʶ

ǴӷܱɵģǽΪԭӰˣ
дҪ֮˵֣ѪˡԭķܱͬҪȥѧģҲһֱķɡ񣬱ҳڻʷϵ̳һ֮սʱļ㽫˳ȥʹЩս˸ܹʱЩνȫֻڵһЩǿ߰ˣڵǿ֮ġӷ磬ϣܺıܺ÷Ϊħ壬֪ǳҷ֮µģħΪ˷ֹʹ÷񣬴ս˸뾡һа취ȡġ
үүģڲ񷶦֮ڣħû취ȡġս󣬲ҪҸĴۣҲʹ÷񣬽սͳͳ
ǳȻ۸ۣøεʱ򣬾һӱܡϾ߱۸۵ʱħʱӢ۵ǱҲֳġȻүү֪ӲмȥʲôӢۣ㼸˾ǰ㣬ҲǳҵĹˡ
ӷҲ˵ͷӹ˲񷶦
顭
ʱ̳֮ڣһıըʮӷһ˵ѵħˣ
ȥɣˣǾͽаɡǳҵͲ֪ʲôлرܡ
үүϢͳȥ
ӷһ̳֮⣬棬ûħӰһħҲо
ʲô£
Ʒ˵ˣˡ
ʲôҵˣԼ˴Լˣ˭ôӣ
һӣһǵļһ
ǣ
ӷЦһ˵ڳˣ
ǳˣˣƲһصģҲˡ
ӣӣ
ûӣš
ⲻܣôǵĶ֣˭򲻹
Ľ֣ӵȷ˭򲻹ǵΪҹԭΪǿʱûΪӣһַǳرĶʹǸǺѽ
ˣӾȻֺöҵȥ
ӷ𣬳ӸǵĲԶ
ǻǸǰһһ£ֳؾ֣ΪȻѾ˸߼ɾ磡
Ǹ߼ɣؾֵĶ󷨣ȴ޷Ӱ벽


2606 ӵ
˵ʵӷǿˣǾֱ̳֮ɷתƵ˱ĵطأѾǸ߼ˣػҲǲµĴڡ
ǣ߼ɣӣȻ޲ߣӵˣվԭأһҲ⵽ôѽ
˵νţţⷽ棬ȷˢӣ棬ӸǸ˭ȲϣССΪССǸͲҪ֣ƣܽӸɱˣ
֮ѽһأûа磬ǱӸѹסˣӵʱǾȻֵʮںһҲûвӷı֡
ǣѾģȻӡʶһ£Ҳǳصġ
֮ԻǶΪǸչӾ˵ǷӺջǾͶˡ
ԭ˵Χܶˣ뿴ӵЦ쵰ƽųӷţģܶͿ˳ˣֲ̫֡
죬ӿҪùˣ˭ĵȫ֪ģһڲǿĺܣǵȻǣھĵʱѾǳӷľʦˣҪӳһ٣ǻǷַ顣
ȴ˭ĵʱûӵǱӸѹסˣվԭأһҲҶ
ӣû뵽㻹ôһ֣
ҽӣӲŪѾġ
־ͶһһӷϾͿʲô
񵯣
ӷ綼ȥԼ۾Ӹղžǿⶫ޷ģֻǵͨеһˣԸͨȻںǿɱԭߣ˿ѽ
һڵͨˣŻ񵯸ġ
ӷ̾ҡͷȻǷİ
顭
ͻȻ
ӷ˫۶һ䣬񵯣Ȼ˳ӷ޷ıըȱըɻҩģǡԭ

ӷ󾪵ͬʱ˵ֶ֮䣬ܱǿԭǸǲ޷ӵ
ԭӾȻԭ񵯣
ֹϸǵΧ
˿Ϊ˶ԭıըֻˣһ˫Ÿһƶ
飬顭
ʮεıըȫԭıըΧһƬըĲΧסˣƴţˣҲȫˣǿԭĲ治С
ôȻǵףӣȻ֮У
ףڵµģֻҪһϣͻᱬը
أҲ֪ʲôȻ׸գղŵըΪǲȵˣ
ƿЦһ˵ԭıըǸҪ㿪ҷȫûģϾǸ߼ɡΧЩԭըһ󷨵ķʽµġ
󷨣
ӷϸȥȷǵΧһ⣬еһγһԲΣԲַ֮Ϊ飬һɢһɢ
ǡ󣡡
ΪͨİȴǱģţĳֻţûŵİǸ֪󷨣ˡ
óӷΪԾѽ
û뵽ڵһʱ䣬Ȼѧһ֡
ãǰ˱仯
Ʒȥֻ󣬾Ȼ֮䷢ת䣬ӵžŸͬλ󷨡
ǾŹ󡣡
ŹҲǰеһֻ֣ڰ֮УһЩȥˣҲǻĹŴʷϷǳ󷨣սϳ֣һű󷨡
ǣôǵǰҲ𲻵˿ãǶ󷨵˽⣬ɲ֮ѽؾ֣ԭǲǿģؾֵ󷨣ɾڲͬˣ
ӣǻ治򵥣˼ȫŹˡֻ֮⣬ԭıը֮ǰѾ˺üˣһƣӾԭģȴҲܷӳʮǿ
ӷЦһȥˡ

¡
ӷֱӾͳӵ֮ͻȻ䣬еԭըͬʱΧˡ
Ǵ˿վڳӷ󣬼ӷˣ˵ӣڼˡ
ǣû뵽ΪѾ˸߼ɡأ
عӣǾŸûأȱǸͳģΪߵֲģǾŸΪڣ֮ϣǳʱȫˡ

ʮ̳֮ڣŸ쵽ˣǵĳӷû֣Ҳǰصġ
ǱͲǿԷģģ󷨡
Ӽӷ磬һѱ飬һģֱ˹ҵĺøѽϵҡѽ

ӷһŽ߿˸Ľų죬ֱӵȥ
ȫȥɡ
ųӷһ£ѾھŴ½
ǣղӵĶô
ֻܲϧͲ󷨣ЩĻҵ󷨣ͽϼʮٱ
УҲˡҽЩ㣬ȥٿء
лӡ


2607 ʦ
ھŴ½ֻ֮ͽˣҪ̳֮⽨һ֮ǿߣҲֻգ֮顣
ʮӵʱ䣬Ϊΰ˵ھŴ½ӷҲȫۼ˳֮ڣǳӷָ̳ܲӲûõӷ֮ͬǰκˣǲ̳벽ģӷ绹ԵھŴ񷶦ӳ̳ҪӲͱƽ̳֮Ĳ֮ط˵ֻħһ˰ĵɣħʱǲܴģӲ֪Զɽһ룡
ʱǱߣﻮôԸԶɽħ壬ʱӷˣϾܴƳԶɽߣħʥħҲ˳ӷ
ƺ棬ΪҶħϹʱڵ󷨣ƺټ˵磬ħҪƺҲǲ̫ܵģ
ȻħԣҶֲɵϣ˵Ǳħ壬ΪԱҶǲʱħŸĿǳӷ磬ǳҡһ󣬳ӷˣҰˣҶ߲ʽҶ˷һĻĹŻ磬ҲܱסһħҪһҪˣͲὫҶҸֱĨɱģ㣬ҲҶ˵ģնûУűħ壬ħ
˿̣û֪ľصڴʲôע⣬ռһԭȵĶ½ҸΪ½ض뷨ֻǲǳӷ绹ħֻҶǱߣ޷ȥ˽ľص뷨ԽһûȥֱӸħΪУҲûȥҶΪУûиӷһʲôӣֻҪľزչжͽõıأ׽͸Щʲô
ڣӷڹı֮ϣ˵ȫٹУÿһ֮ͷȴѾû棬񣬺֮ˣȫ˳˵£˴սҲȫ˳˵ıƣ
ƣڿʼʽΪҳ˵ľ£ǣڿʼƵĵ䣬ÿһҵ㲻òӡ
ڳܶʶǵˣ˵ǸǹϵȽϺõˣӷܲˬ
ֻվ˵磬ƾʲôѽȻСܸһﲻۣ֮ǰҲˣòϣڴϣǿ֮ѽΪʲôǾʦ
˵ģΪǱƽģȻӣ⻹ǳӷûϵġ
ȻȻȻ˲ģ㣬ӷҲͲµˡֻǸʦһְ񣬻ƱȽʺϣϾ󷨣ǵȫƣȴŵȫ
һԭĵҲ׷ΨԼȴһ仰Ҳû˵ҲûκεĲˬ
ӷ֪Լٻ뷨ģȻǳӷľǵȻ˵ʲôڲ˵סڣȴҲûȥֹӣ˵ǵԾʦλӣҲǷǳҪģ
˼Ǳ߼ˣȫǣϳʵǸǺţΪʲôǱߵˣʦ֮λŸеƵģ
˵˭ʦ˵νҲսϣʦ̫ãΨԵһս
˵ûҪģνľʦҲֻһˣ˵ǿп޵ġ
ƴţʵ佣ϹңǿƸǣ˭ʺʦ
Ϲ˵ҵǾʺϣϾ֮սʱҲǼǵġΪҵĺˣõƵĴУҪ˳ᢣӦñǿ˶١ΪҪǣˣǱȶƸ˽⣬Ϊʦս˽Ķ࣬θգҲʹ࣡
佣˵ҵΪûǵǶƵҲвͬ󷨣˵ű󣬵ȴоսǧͣΪҪǣƶħ˽⣬κ˶࣬෴Ƕħ˽⣬˵ǿհ׵ġҪԸĵˣƸ֮䣬óע⣬ڶԸħԣʮֵϿơ
˶һһȥģӷţȴֻǿЦ
ӣӣΪǱƽˣ
ѽСܿɲǸ˼һսǹϵ˵ϵҲǽСӣֻҪѡĻڳˣѡʦġ
ţӣʱڵûа״ԭը˷棬Ҳ˲١
磬ǧҪᣬСܿû뷨˼ֻǡ
ˣҵĵģףֻҪߴҵǣεľʦıϱǿƶħ˽⣬Ƕࡣ
Ȼ佣˵ˣӷ粢ںֻΪƶħ˽⣬ԶԶ֮ϡ
ȻһҲǳҪ˳ᢸűȻศɵģνűҪսʼ֮ɵó֮ǰģ˳ˣҲΪֵġ
ӣȻΪǱƽΪͽԭըǰɡ
һ㶣û뵽ӷôһ֣ºˣͷģǰ޹ˣˣͬԼҪȥ
ƾʲôѽԭսǿСܵıСڵʱоģƾʲôѽ
ӣҪ֪ԭըսʮִõģȴֻҲ̫˷ˣ˵ˣ㴫ǣԼҲѽǿԽԭը֮ڣ󷨾ͻ𵽷ˣһ޷뵽ġ
磬ҲѽȻȲǣ
Ȼ֪ȲǣǾʲô˵ˡΪ磬Ϊ˵ԭըǾǡ⣬ΪܾʦΪʦһҾʦɳ֮ΡʦŴӦûʲô˰ɣ
壬ˣֻһѣˣҲֻǿӵЦ
ãɪ֪ɪ³˰ɣԼĺöҪ͸ˣ


2608 սţ
ȫǾʦҲֻгӷŻʦò˵ƣǸɣǸиĳ˳ǧűɹļƣ˾ۼһ𣬲ħħпͷԵġ
ȻھʦѾȷǽŻҪУȴɳӷˣܾʦˡ
پϦն˴սڣ
پվ˳ҲʲôӲҪ໥֮Ľˣֱ˵ǰλӽ쿪ʼҳ˵İ˴ս֮Ŵ֮ǰǲҪκεսħ壬ֻҶҷκεˣǰˣҪ¶ġ
֪پˣǳӷרҪԸħ˴ħģôڰ˴ħ֮ǰ֮Ŵ֮ǰǰ˸ǲҪ¶档
ʵǲսǸʲô
ǰλصʵ֮ǰλаŵġ
аţӣپˣӷõ˼κһ˶࣬Ͼپǰ˸ӷģ˵ǳӷϵĲ£ͬʱҲǳӷΪεĲ¡ͨ磬֮һĺڵսپˣǳڵһϵģηͬʱӷҲپ¹ŵһ죬ǰˣһȫµ磬ȫµսڣӷ쵽ˣôپˣҪӷһս
ûپ˵˷ʱ䣬ʱҲȥ˷ѣħǱʱģԼߵķŸոγɣʱ򣬾ǷĲˣ㲻ܽŵھŴ½ҲҪʹĳ
֮ǰҾ͸˵ҪһӴħԿǾͱȽһ֧ԵսŶӡΪħӴǿߵڶ࣬һ֧սŶӣԶԶģԣڽ죬ۼھŴ½ʱҪһ֧սŶӣսţΪҳΪǿװ£ѾԻƴţϹң佣ƤΪ׵ĴսţҪˡڳǶ֪ˣԴҵΣҲɵģԣڽųѡϣҲ©ԭǳǺڣ
ǻվڳ̣֮⣬Ů˵УϣĸˣԳƵǳ˵ĴŮȻһѣϷûгأټĻνŮѽ
Ϊ򴨵ĹϵϣﻹһʯͷŲ£֮ǰƾԲǴһսŵġʱͬգ磬ΣУǰҪΪı𣬸ӷͬˮϣҲӦ֪ʲôԴΪأʦ֮䣬ֻҪǶ֮ˣڸӷվһ
ƾ֪ϣһôˣŻԥѡΪսеһųġ
ǣԴԶǳǵУѡһˣ齨սţѡ˭ҲܣԼ
Լ
ӷİÿһųԼѡĻѡⷽ棬һģϾҪ齨ս̫ˣѡϣһзġ
ַһ룬˶ѡǿģЩ΢һָôأԼȥѡǲһŶ󣬷ڴҶǳ˵ˣ飬ҲֵܴģѡųΪֵȶĻƾͻὫȥһСɫɣ
˵ǣһҵսţħڽڰ˵ġ
ڵħ壬ҲħΪǿ֮壬ǱħҶңŶʱ֮ǲġ˵µħ壬ħֻһ֧ħǰ沿Ӱˣ
˼ϳ壬롭
һֺȴԭȵǳų֮ԭȵϲ֮Ʋ̫Ϥȥ
˵پ֮⣬ڣѾ˾ʮսţʮսţҪӷǾλδصģӦ˵ֻа˸ˣΪɸһΪʦ
ȥԤİ˸ս⣬ڻʣսţսţɳӷ԰š
ùãǶһ˴һսţ㿴ûȤҲһ
ӷʵ
˵ͷ˵ǾʹһɣֱӴǳҵѡ
ǺáһսţԴˣҵսţʱǽرãؼʱִر񡣡پǰ˸ǳ˵İ˴սҪԸħ˴ħģԣӷԴսţͲܻǰˡ
ɳپǰ˸֮⣬˭ܳΪӷĳԱأֱӳΪеһԣûĵӷԱЩʲôˣӷϵõЩˣˣֵܽãȫųˣǧֹųˣӷ˿ѽӲȥЩų˰ɣΪĳӷ磬Ҳ˼ѽ
ʱľŴ֮ǼҲȫų𣬲ܵ棬񣬺ģΪǿһģͳͳų治֪ӷԱЩʲôˣֻ˵ӷ绹кУ
˴󽫾ȫǿū
ūʵһֱվڳӷԱߣܶ˶֪һôôվڳӷߵġ
ڳӷһ˵˵˫ȫ
ţѽǿţѹվڳӷߣһλǿߵ˴󽫾Ȼû˷ԵģҲû˸ȥԡ
ڿȸӷ粢ûκεİţڣûдӦҪˣң飬ӷ绹Ǻú̸̸

ʱ򣬳
һ


2609 Ͷϣ
ʱҳӷģһǵˣͶϵģΪħǱѾչƣҪĻͲҪκεķϻս飬ӷˣҪǾֱһ㡣Ҷľط棬Ӳʱƺķգ˫ŸԵĴƻ˭ӷϻģΨͶߣŻʱܹ

һˣ
ӷеԥˣˣͶϣеɣ
Է˶
ʵӷҸ߻һǿ߹ЩɵģôںĻģؼʱܳΪԿħġ
Ļػȴóӷʮʧ
Էһˡ
ʲô
һˣһˣͶϣ԰ɣѵͶϵģб顣
ʱһǵˡܶԷʲôݣǶӦüһ¡ҡ
ƻδ䣬һʮǿŮӵ⴫
ļӹȻѽ¸Ǳǡ
һӷȻŶԷ֮ǿ
߼
û뵽ľȻһ߼
Ҫ֪ӷڵУǿ߸û˿ūһ֮⣬ֻпȸˣҿȸڳ˵ˣҲǳӷΪʲôûȸκεְλҪţҲҪȿȸʽ˲ܰš
߼һŲĸ߼һܵ۷ľˣǿߣͶϵģӷضҪ
롣
ӷһ£ˣȫվóһ·Ϊÿһ˶ĳӷ߿ʮֿصģ
ʱͼһٸӵ߽
ٸȥԵʮָ߹ָ߹ʣɲǺģһ;߱ĸ߹ʣҿٸı񣬶ǳţǿΪ߳һĳ̶ֳϿٸʻмġ
ӷվٸһ߼һһŮˣӷһվ
ٸڽ󣬲ûеһʱݼӷ磬΢΢һתſūʮֹϼūˡ
ûٸˡ
屻ħţ˵ǱˣΪˣˣȫħΪħĿܣҲ˵壬ǳ군ˣ
һӷλ˵ھŴ½İȻȼūúܶ˲ˬˡ
ȻҽǻĲͷǰɣ
ʮҪ֣¡
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Ŀˣ˵˵˲ˣǹĿ˰ɣ
һ仰ֱӽ˸ŭˣӷȴЦ˵λ˵û֮ǰ̫Ը֪߻һλ߼ʧ֮˼¡
㣬ǳӷ磿
ǡ֪ǡ
ū˵λǷ쵺ˣҲħһġĸף
ʲô
ħһĸף
²ǵ֮ˣӷ磬ľһ¡ˣǳӷ粻ˣħһĸףͲһˡ

ӷӰһֱӳǰһȭֱӴû˿顣
ѣ˻ʲô
˸շºݻӷϾõĴУǸ߼ˡû뵽ǣӷȻһǿޱȵѹסˡ
񷶦Ȼ
ҵѾûٳˡ
顣
ūֹ˵ӷ粻֪ɿūȴĺܵģʱħҪɱǿūġ
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ҪᣡȻħһĸ壬ȴѾħˡ֮ǰеˣΪģҪΪһˣ塣˵ˣħǲݵĶͷǰ㡣
ĸӣǲݵĶͷ⻹е˼
ӷ㲻ˣҲſūȻū˵ˣǳӷҲܽ˸Ĩɱ
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֮ǰҲûͶĴ㣬Ȼҹ֮ǰҵģΪϾ̫סڣȻԳʵѹסҸ߼һ㶼ѾǾ˵ȷʸħһս
˼˵ԸͶˣ
ûΪ壬һݡ
š
ӷƣ޷¹˵ɱħΪ屨Ļûλáذɡ
һ㶣û뵽ӷȻˡ
ڳ˿ūȸ֮⣬˸ȫԼ߼ͶϣӷȻֱӾܾˣ͸ӷ
һ֣ΪʲôһֱӾܾλ߼ɣһһλھŲǿߣΪֻΪɱħҪģħ塣ҿħȻǿޱȣȴҵĿ꣬Ŀ꣬ħĲɱħħ壬ԣҪҪɱħԼǣб£ԼȥɱԼȥ𣬸ҳˣһϵûС
ūҲ˵ˣΪӷ˵һ㶼û
ڳûκˣΪһ֮ȥɱɱǸģΪģǱס磬ħ塣
˵·Ϊ屨ѣ·͸ӷ粻ͬˣνͬΪıҵĶľŰɣ


2610 û׬
Ϊ˶Կħǳӷ綨Ͼӷߵǿʵ̫٣£Ļħ߳ӷȥȻǳֺõ£㣬ӷʮҲ˵ڲ񷶦ű֮ǰӷǲĶսħģҲȥ֮ǰȥսħ˵ˣֻΪӰˣȻѾˣǳӷֺαȥðأӷûԼӢ￴ɵ㣬޳ܵ㣬ģ͸һ㣡
Ȼ˸ҳӷ·ͬΪʲôҪȥԸħֲɵҵʱˡǸ߼ô۷ôҵ·ͬǲ˼ҾͲܸ
ţں档ˣҲΪ㣬ڷı뷨ҪȥħһԸңҲóһ·ġڣͲˡ
ӷĻ˵ĺֱףֵõģһãֵõģʲôˣжôǿ鷳жԶ͸ҹԶ
ʵû뵽ӷȻôһˣԼ߼Ϊڳӷ˵ǴɳӷȻһ㶼

˴Цһ˵ᣬǿ˵ʱȷ԰ıǮĲ񷶦ͳһ½ѣӷ磬ȴͳһ硣пʱ㣬ʮͬڵҪȥԿħԿħ壬Ҳǲܵġ
ԸôҳӷΪ˴ˣûֵõĵطΪʲôҪ㡣㣬ֻǰ㱨˳𣬶ңʲôôҲ㻹֪ҳ˭ֻһͨֿ⡣
ӣǽһսһˡ˵ĻǱ˵ħ˵ħ壬¾ħҲԸˡ
ӷЦӣ˻֪Լ֮ǰսħ£Ȼħ˵ǳԶɽħϾǰԼҵѽ
֪ħΪʲôҲû֪ħΪʲôһ㶯û𣿲ΪģֻΪħѾˡ
ˣ˶ԼĶ䣬ħǿǼʶģңʱħûָڵħ۷ʱڣȻˣ
ⲻܣȻŲ񷶦߼Ը㣬Դ˵ʵ˵Ӧõ˲ڰ˱䣬֮޵еĴڣħȴĨɱģôܡ
ħô˵ģ㲻Ҫ֪֮һѾ˵ˣĿǰλãħҷңңҲûҪ㡣Ǿ仰ţ棬ɡ
ӷʵһøжûУΪǸ߼ӷΪҪ֣ڳӷǰڳ̬³ӷһ߼ôѵһˣӷʲô
ū˸ӷ֮ѾûбҪ̸ȥˣ飬ūȴܲܡ
ҲǱУе֮ˣǸ
ӷɫһ䣬ݺݿſū˵ҲߵĻҲ㡣
ǳӷСۣʱ򣬳ӷԲκˣҡԼλţűҡˣ˻ô浱ˣΪˣֻǹ˵ĺˣʾΪˣֻᱻ˱ӣǲۣܲŻᱻӣΪսϣֻвܲ磬ܽס
ȻӷҲȥЧ²ܲǰΪ˴ģӷǾԲеģֻҪ˵ˣ˲ɣ˲ã
ūѾǳ˵Ĵ󽫾ˣͳȫ˵ǣûδصһһ裬䣬ɳӷȴūӶҲ֤˳ӷǿƣøȨӷģԼʱ򣬳ӷҲʲôˣ˵һ䣬ǲ˼ˣ
ūҲ֪˵ʲôˣӷΪ˸磬Ըʵ׽͸֮䣬ȫȨͽԼҲ˵ǰָµǰһӶԼ
ˣһԶɽһۡ˵ԶɽǼթı㣬ۿޱȵĻǳӷ磬ǰ˵ĽϣթϲΪһ
ū˼һ£ͻȻ䣬ˣ㵨ӿ治СѽӣƵġϹ£Ǹ
ӷӣ
ѽʵҪӷͬˣͲҪ˵ʲôֻҪ˷ת磬ʲôðˣٰˣҲֻҪ˸˳ӷӣʲôðˣ෴㲻ǲ˼ϣǿΪ˭㲻ǿأǾֻܷˣ
ӷӣ˭Ҳ
˵۾ȫˣҲĳףūڰ˵ģԼʶôĻǾ͹ֲˡ
ӷҲ˵ȻūˣӷҲ̫֣еʱҪӲʩģԼӲˣ˻֪Ļһ뿪ھŴ½·һӷ粻ɱ㣬ѵħŹ
ʱ򣬺ͻȻվ˵λ˵ģҺ⣬ҸŮˣһͬ˵ġǣĿǰħȷĵˣ˵ĳˣǵĿһģԣһ棬˵񣬾˰ɣ
ӷôҲû뵽Ȼ飬Ůѽǰܱ˵¡
Ȼ˵ˣǾ͵ǿȸ˵ӷ粻׬Ǯأ
һˣھͶ߼Ϊܴȸ˸ӷӣӷһӣôȸɾû·ˣ
£ǲܹܣ
ȸӷնֵ֪ӷʲôֹ
ȸǾλ̫
֪ʱ˵ģˣ
ʲô˼Ҳ̫ף
ӷ
Ͳȿȸ˵ӷЦе˼ȻūΪ飬֮ǰ£Ҿ͵ûɡڿʼˣҳ˵ˣң׷ūɣ֣պսһῼǸһʺϵְλģ
ӷʹ棬þѽôıˣһˣֱӾͻǳӷɵˣ
ɿȸأڿɾͷʹĺˣ
ˣղһ¡ȻѾ齵ҳˣȸȻҲҪһְλȨġ
齵ˣ
Һʲôʱ͹齵ˣ
ӷ磬ѾҪҪѽ
ȸģ
ɳӷɲȸ˵Ļᣬ˵ȻǺǴڿʼΪҳ˵ĵڶ·󽫰ɣҲ˵ūΪһ·Ԫ˧Ϊڶ·Ԫ˧ȸ㣬ҾͲ˼ˣϾǺ£Ǿ£һȷɣӦҲ᲻Ӱɣ
ʲôóӷ˵ˣȸ˵ƨѽ
ƿЦһٴˣҲб֮۵ʱѽ


2611 ʨŭ
ħħʱܲ
Ϊֹ峤δħ֪ǼһﵽʲôϾ峤ˣֻħģ˵ʵħ޷峤ҲûȨȥȴܵ峤֮ˣڣ
ħˣϢѾͶӷˣǽʲô
ʵûҪͶӷħΪӼ£ħ϶Ͳµˣڿū˾֮ħӦòµˣ
ǣȻħһĸף˵ħвҲ˵˺п֪ħڣ
ͶͿͷɣЩˣҪģ˭ѹֻҪħвģҶŹͲҪҴԶ֣һˣܽҸ𡣡
Ȼ֪ħ˵ǿֻµĵǡ
˼Ҳ֪Լĵֱܲ˵˵ˣħһˬǵùľԼ˵ȻѾѡȫվħߣһħʲô⣬ùģ壡
ʲôֱ˵ɣʱûҪˡ
ǣħˣǵģͶӷ磬᲻ħ˴ʲô㣿Ȼµ˼˵ħ˻ںһĸףǡ˼Ȼħһĸף᲻֪ĳЩħ˲ϸأ
ϸڣ
˵Ҳί񣬲ûֱ˵
ħһ¾ˣͬʱɫҲ΢΢һ䣬һ仯ʮֿ϶ħϣȻڵģ˾ڲ֪ħ㣬ڱϾڳӷǱߣӷһ֪ħһĸףȻ˵ϴ⣬Ǹʱڳӷ֮£Ҳ϶йħǰһЩ飬Щ鵱Уħڡ
ãҵǽ¸ˡ
ħȻվССӣʱرһѺɫľ޳ߣԵĺǲ
ӣҪһħˣ汻ӷ֪ϻһԶɽ˿ɾͰæˣ
ħ·öʲôע⣬Ҫħħô׶õĻǳǰæˣ
磬ҺȫۼӷǸھŴ½ıԵʱ׼δ´֮ǰκ˶
ǣħˡ
гԶɽڣħǲôжġڣΪͶӷ磬ѣȻħڵʲôֵģòħǱõʲô˵ǵԴ޲ԼϵȱݣҲڡ
ħһ£ȫΪħħħͳͳĴ֮£ͱھź֮䣬һսʱᱬ
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Ȼħ˵ħĵʵҲǵһ֧ȷ沿ˣħЩҲħ֮ӷλھŴ񷶦ħ壬ħ֮ĵھŴսһ֮ʽĻ
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˫һ뾡һа취ҶԸĲ
ھŴ½˫ʼƺҶң½ľأڣڿϷ״̬ûκεĶ
ų
ǿǿĴųһһ뿪һ뿪ų𶯿϶֮Ŵ򿪣ħϮħǱߺ϶ΪһʱҲħʱˡ

ͻȻ䣬һǿޱȵĺڹ⣬ǿħĺڹ⣬ֱϮۡ
ϥڴų֮ڣ˫۵ĳȻ۾ǰһ⣬γһϮĺڹ⣬ֱӸƳˡ
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ħۣڳ۵ֺ֣Ͳȳ۳֣ħԴжӵȦĺڹ⣬ڳ۵γɣ漴ͼһڹţ֡
ڹʮ־޴֮ߣǧ֮ںڹŵķͷڹŵ֮ϣһħ֣д֡

⣬֮ţҲħ֮ͨš
ħȻʱҪǿп֮ţӻ𣬽ħ飬͸ڳǰ֮ţӣðգʱħӦΪ˱顣
۲֪ħΪʲôðյģɼȻѾˣ֮ҲѾˣȻܵû
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͵һŭǿǿ⣬ųȫסˡ
ֹۣҴ֮ΣҵĿģҲȫ֮ţֻħõ㶫ˣֹҡ
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۵壬ͻȻޱȾ޴󣬾޴ֱӳ֮ţһų֮Ų˹ȥ
ƾڵ㣬Ҳ֮ţҲһԼûǸﾡҽ£һŭƳ򷨡ռʨŭ


2612 ǽǣ
һžͽ֮Ÿȿˣħʱֵס۵ǿռʨŭħȦɢɫѪҺħħ˳ųΪ֪ղһֱ˼ħ飬ٲ˵Ļħ鶼ɢǸʱҪȥۼɢħ飬ûиǧǰ첻ģ
ۣû뵽Ȼǿ˵زΪû֪ħʷϣй˵ļأܱҷ֮ңᱻ۵ģʱĸףĶӣֻô㣡ҷǳڴһĵܣһĶȥ޷ܵʱٳ֣ɱ͵ɱĶӡ
ħҪ۵ȥвɳȴҲϣЦħ£һϵûСҵܣ֪ΣǱҶӽΣãôС·𣿡
С£ⶼСµĻǻʲôǴ¡Űɣڴһĵ
ħ֪ʱܸۺȥһ۷ҪնɱԼԼħ޷סħ鱻ħȻҲͱɱˣܹ֮򿪣ħ㳲Ҳûκˣ
ħħۻźɫѪҺħȴٵٶ룬ۣȷڵӦģħҲףħһָ۷״̬Ҳɱ˳ۣӣҪңҲֻͷһ˲ˣɱˣħʤħʤɱˣһΣħͬħ壬꣡
ۿħħһǿħȫɢ
ħѽħȻ֪ҵܣȴֻ֪һ֪Ҫвң㻹̫˵㡣
۸Ͳȥħʥ޼׵Ĵľأģ͸˵ˡ
еʱΪǿһǣǣȴǳʺ޵͵Ľɫ㡣
̧ͷ磬ɵ̾˿˵ôƽ磬ôƽ磬ˣǾ̫ϧˣӷѽӷ磬ܷ籣Ҫȫˣ
ٴϥҪ飬ҲΨһܹȥ顣
ħ壬֮ܿΣԸĻ֮䣬ܽħħΣħƨ㣬ɳȴģֻгӷһ˶ѣ
ܵħ˿̵磬ħͱھŴ½֮䣬ȴħӷ翪ս
磬õ𣿡
ħǵĵĿħħʵ
ħգһ£ȦѾʧħǳ𾪣û뵽ħȻصˣħ飬ˡ
Ӧÿˣҵħ۶˳ҪĶڵʵ˵ȷʵû취ͨǹء
ĳۣôġ뿪ս㿪֮žͺˣֹ㣬Ҳģʲôı
ûκεı˵ҲҪıֶΣֻӷȡʱˣ
ȡʱ䣿ҵ뿴֧Ŷáųض᲻ͣŵģľҲû취ˡ
ܶ飬ô򵥣һرĴڣͬʱҲҪۣۣضȻǾԺ·
ʲô磬Ҳ̫˼׻ʲô£Ҷ֪ģ
ڻܸ㣬ڰǻԪ翪֮һ֪ġ
ħ˵磬֪۸ǻԪһйϵģǲԴڰǻԪ磿
ħգһ£ûĬζͬ
۵ȻԴڰǻԪ磬ħ˵ħب뿪İǻԪ磬ǸǻԪ絽һô磿һΣֹһΣɶκ飬ҲûйıѽѵʱİǻԪ磬֮
ˣħڸʲôʲô飬Ҳö룬ӷǱ߲һͻ֪㣬֪ˣҪ֣ҲǼ׵顣밢ǻԪ翪ӲԶˣһ֮ڣһ쵽ģԣڰǻԪ翪֮ǰʲô£㶼Ҫס߶סĻǾͱָǻԪˡ
ħ˵ͷʵ磬һ֪һ£ʵҡ
ʰɣ
ǻԪ磬ħʷصǰ㣬ħ𣿵׺ǲҲõǵˣǣǻԪĴڣħʷصȫͬ
ħû˵һ仰ħۣڽʧ
ԣħشħ⣬ħȻҲµһ㣬ԼĹȻûʱĳ񣬸ԼֺǻԪĿģͲΪҪΪǵˣͼͼʲôأ
ħССӣڴı֮ϣСС̬ͣȣʵ࣡
ף꣬ҪʲôΪʲôѡҽ֪ҽһձɵСˣֻ˴ѣħ壬ѶģΪʲôҪѵ˵еİǻԪ磬ľôһҪ֪֪еԸ⣬Ҫ֪һУһҪ򿪰ǻԪ磬ۿǸƮİǻԪ磬һôĵطǳۣΪʲôڰǻԪû֮ʱܵõڰǻԪ
ھŴ½⡣
ƴţѾģӵǽǣǻĲͷǰɣ
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Χܶ˶ڿ֣ȴûһ˲ֵġ
Ϲңɶ˼սŵˣ˵ģԼѡ뵽㣬Լû£סģѽ
ѡЩսսѡҵѡˣȴʱҵˣҲ̫˰ɡ
𣿲ʹһҪˣҲǿǹģҪӵȭŵģ̫࣬һⶼԲء
ƴţⷢͷԼ򵥵Ļ쵰첻Ū㣬ҾͲϹң
ðļһ֮⻹ɶ˵ӿǰɣǽӾͿ㿴
顭
⣬ȭһ𣬷԰أȫը˿ǳ̳гӷĲ֮ΪҲƴţϹҸˣ


2613 飡
ӷȻ֪ڰսŵѡϻ⣬ɾΪˣӷ統ʱûȥֹƵģΪԼ֮䶷һ໥˽֮⣬ڴܱϵսϴҪõĶɡ
ʵӷһЩעҪ飬ǰ֮עҪìǰӷ㹻ʱ໥֮½⣬໥ϣ֮ĺ൱ؼģȻսģҴҵģ㲻ҵҲǳ˾ͬһɢɳ˵ӭսħħ壬¾ħأҲǹȥġ
ڣƴţϹȴͷʵҲģϾƴţϹʶܾˣ֮ΪһԱ֣ǾԲܵ飬սϣǼ԰Է
ƴţϹ֮ԻͻȻΪһ߼ԱǶǳӷһְŵģҪûƴţϹ֮ìܣҲǰ
룬ƴţϹӷʲôϵȻΪԱֻ֣ںʲô
˿̣鱱ŷҲ̲סˣվֱӾֱ˵ڵ磬磬쵰𣬽֮ȷָ°ɡ
鱱ŷѵһ㲻ɡжٱ£ɡ
Ҳվ˳ҵˣղ˭˵ģֳ
żҵҲվ˳鱱ܣղҲżˣڣʤɡ
ԭȱѩǵļ·Ҳ˵ǼŵڻƴţϹҴⳡ֮ȫϣһ֮䣬һ֮䣬Ǹõģ
ƽʱһ֣ҪȥֻҪ̫ǿģҲûҪƽϣ˵Ǵˣ˫֮𺦵ġ
񣬴Ҷǳ˵ˣҪԵģҲĴˣԣʱֻҪһһˣҶ뾡һа취ȥȡֻнȡսϣܽԼŵӵ۷״̬һܳȥڻң֪ôġ
Ǳ߸⼸ҴͬʱԭϲвҲΪἸȫӿ໥֮㲻ңҲ㣬ڣ໥֮ҲǾģʱ
Ҳȫҵˣˣָһ˿Ȼʱܸ磬ڼȻվͬһϣǾûݵĸߵ֮ˣ˭б£˭ܵõΪǿԱԱԽǿԼսžԽǿսϣһʱսġ
ʵںܶ˵ΣӭսħħΣҶսһ£һս˭նɱĵ࣬Ǳ֮ˣ
һԱߵĻƴţϹѾ֣ͣȻѾɻˣҲûҪȥ
̵ˣҵûһ֣ȫվ˳ӷΨվڳӷߵģ̣ڶվڳӷġ
ûκˣȥ赲Щ˵ĽҪھ;Ĵ򣬴ˣˣսŲڲìܣŲ˵˵֮ƣ
ùãʲô𣿡
ӷЦʵ
ҲǷǳѽĲѡϵ⣬ΪѾһֵˣûҪȥʲô
ֻǳӷһ֣벻ģԼڲȴͷһģӷͷҲΨһ˰ɣ
ӷ磬ùԼﵣĵʲôɽôһ֣𵽶ã
𵽶ãܲҲ֪ҿԿ϶˵ãҲֻεġЩˣȫ粻ͬĵط֮ܶ䣬ǰǲݵĵˣΪĳԭۼһʱɾһɢɳܽɢɳΪһ壬Ϊһ᲻ɴݵĻħһǵ׼ֵģƸǵļƻھԾȫģ󣬰ܵģͬǡ
ûʵϵĲ̫үү˵ħˣͬһ㣬Ͳ֪ʲôʲôʹЩսֻ֮һɱҲֻħһ˵໥֮䣬ǵˣǳˣҲʧȥԭǣΪħĿܡ
û˲ǿһ峤۷壬ӵһĺĹ֮һħѶԸĽɫ߲ŽĻ˵ǰţ¾ţҲġ
ķܽǸŽ𣿡
ô̵ʱڣŽ˵ʵǵȷЩ
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ʲô磬ʲôطΨһ̵ʱڣȫİǵˣŽһǾֻһ취
ʲô취
ǹͬȥһսֻҪڹŹǰһתˣŻ֪ʲôŽ
䣬ӷҲϻ֣

ӷԲȫе޷ȥֱӼģڣҲûȥ㣬ʵ̫鷳ûмµʱ䣬Ҳȫ
ӷĲ񷶦Ѿ˵ڰ˱䣬ǵķΧȻͲ˵ˣھŴ½סǶ⡣
ܹ֮ͬͻƵģūֲЩ֮УԣֻҪӷ粻ͷκˣ˵ų
ȫˡ
ӷһӰ˲֮ڡ
ˣҲʱ֪鲻Ծȫֹ֣ͣͬʱ˳ӷĻӰ
ӷôһ֣Ȼֱ׳˵սˣħһ֧ӹҪԼֵģһ֮ƣ໥ɱħҿͲھĸɴࡣ
ӷһȻ飬ӰҲƴţϹңȻڵ֮⣬ӣ飬ǳӷһݳġ
Ǻ⣿סѵɱǲɣǿŹͬĵ˵ġ鱱˵
֪йͬĵˣ֮䣬ͬŵ˸ˡ죬ڣҪˣһյĿ飬ͨģҳսʿͨģҲֻ˵ǸˣǾҵĵ֮аɣңˣȫЩˣͨ˻á
쵰ӷ磬ǻ㣬û뵽Ȼ
ĲŻ쵰
ϳһתһȭǴӷļһ˹ȥ
ͬʱȼ𣬱ϳ֮ˣֱӱ
䡭
޴Ļ棬ȫˣֱӱֱӹϳڡ
ûУҵѣǾҵĵˡԴˣҳӷͲ֪ʲôĴɱ֮
һ£ܶˣ˵һˣȫӷѽǾֱɱˣͬС棬һ
׼ˣϾͻȼһڵĳطһٵӣҪͨӳģͱͨĿ飬ҪͨģʮһҺˣϢ֮䣬˿ͬͬģ֤һˣͻĽȫһض
ӷ˼ѾˣһٸӣܳǱۼʮ໥֮ûκιϵ˲ͨĿ飬Ϣ˿ͬģֱӱգ
ͬһ壬ͬһɣǶٻͬġϢֻҪжνӴ෽Ӵ֮䣬϶ٻжԷȥһϢҲͨ£໥֮ϢǸоģɱˣģǲѽ
ӷͲҪЩ˻֮ȥϵģֻҪңͻһʱϵͬϢȫ
죬Ҳʧһɲжʧڽ죬ܱս֮󣬷ʲôͶģģѵҪǿĶɡˣҲ˵κηϻ飬ڿʼ


2614 ΰ˵ı
ʵӷŵο鲢ʲô⣬Ҳǲĸߵͣ˵ֻҪճӷĻȥǾͿ˳ء
˾˵ìܣǸһ·ȴԸⰴջ·ȥ֪·ȴҪһ·ǰҲ˿˵йԸ񣬿ûˣνĹԸʲôأ
ħԽħħӷ˵ǰ㣬ʲôϣ໥֮Ӧһ֧ͬɢɳľӣǾսҲ·һڵ˵ϣھĸɴ࣬٣͸սѣսѽ㣬ӭսһǿУ
ȻǱеˣǶΪԱģҲ˵ЩûȥԱģȻҪֿͨ飬огҵˣĵˣˣǣûȥκһˣҲûȥ£κһ˼ԼŶӣⷽϣ˵Щûˣ֪ߣҲֻкɣϾĿǰλãһͷˮԼôӷƽȥģûӦ
ӷһЩ˵ҪεĻᣬȳЩˡҲҪȥӷĻһȥӷƴ
ļһܻһǰ棬ǰϲкܶˣѾһҪ
еĵѾȼֻ棬򣬸ͲǿĻȫ˵ġ
ֻ֮ڣһĲҽһӷ绰ģûͨˣͳͳֻһ⣬ںϽ֮˵ڣǳӷտʼʱѾ趨õģ֮˵ѡ֮˴䣬õˣҲˣ֮ǰõֻᱻյġ
ʵǿȥˣһʴȵģʴȵҪȥȵеÿһˣֻϧǾûôֻһһ˱
ȸȥֹӷ磬ɱʲôѾ˺ܶˣȥǻȥħԿѽҲӷָɱ⡣
ȸ᲻֪ģʱ򣬾ԼǸ߼أ
ӷѾ˲˱䣬֮޵У磬򣬸Ͳֹӷġ

ѽڳһ
ܵūǰūˣ㣬ȾЩ˰ɣ
ūҲǿҡͷֺγ뿴ĳ棬Ҳȴֳ֪սЩڵеˣĸңᱻħ壬ΪħĿܣ
£Ҳֹˡң£Ҳûֻ˵ֶ̫˵ѣ
ū۾ּɱǱȥһˡ
Ҳûʲô£¾ȸˡ
ūҲȳӷ˵תȥȻǸūһߡ
ӷ磬ȥǰɣҲˡ
ҲתȥţгҸģǺȸˣֻлƴţ佣ϹңƣǵȫŵһĻĻÿһˣ۾գһµġ
οǿˣ
佣̾
ʲôÿģ
ʵѾ֪õ˷Ҳ˵ܽˣȴħ壬ɱħ֮ȫԸġڽ죬ڽ죬ȴҪһؾԵĶˣЩ˴һԹո뿪ЩˣҲ޷ȫ㣡Ļ֪Ͳϣκһ뿪ϣÿһˣеһĻÿһôģΪս֮ϣˣǺģҲһվʼǴţ˭ÿһ˵ǰԣǱҪɱֲ֣ܱȥս
ò˵佣˵ĺ˵ˣлḴȥЩˣȴ޷ܳӷ£ߣǲĿôȥٺݵˣɱ¾ܵķΧʱҲͨ˵ûʲôֱ
ӷΪ˭ΪκˣֻΪ۷̬״̬ȥӭսħӭսħӭսħ壡
ĸ磬ʲôطһΰˣĺܶ飬ǵò½ģֻҪɹʱ򣬲Ż˻ԭǰЩ飬ȫǴõ뷨ģܲܽܣǱ˵ˣ
ô֪з񣿡
ʵ֪µģҲ佣һ˶ѣƴţǲ֪
ˣҵʶɱ㻹ҪǿһЩ
ѽ佣ʶǳǿʧȥ˫ۣʧȥ˹ȴǿޱȵʶųԶɽ̳ӷʱ佣Ѿ֪ˣ
£һ֪Ϳˣܸκˡ
ףҪԼ˵ҲֹģΪʹʹ
ţ佣ҵû㣬ȷڲͬǼҪһ㡣ҲˣͨˣҪȵľ»ѵҪЩϣܽҵЩͬʱҲдţǻľĶȫġǵʱ䲻ֻ࣬һ£һ֮󣬾Ҫʽħ忪սˡǰİ˴񷶦ʧˣϣھŴΣܳɹһ֮󣬵ھŴսʽĻ
ģǶᾡŬˣ̵ʱڵ̺õģÿһˣ绢ս


2615 ͽ
˿̵е˼ǣϳ壬Ȼ룬صˣȫɢ˿ÿһﶼⲻһ飬һԼΪԣϳ˾ԲɱΪȫճӷ˵ģҵԼѹͲʶˣһͬڳȥ
𣬱鲼ŵÿһ䣬˵κεط·ģֻҪ㰴ճӷĻȥҲֻ˿˺Բв
룬ѾϽǰɡ
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һŽϳ߿ͼһɹǿӿ
ۿ룬ôһ˶̲ɡԶ㡣
Ȼһٶȣԭӿȫȥˣյˡ
뷴ӦûȻ죬ӦʱһжѾ̫ˡ
ү
һɲǳصģȻʶ˿ˣǵͽ𵽻Ե
ãҪˡǼϽʶ˴һ𣬱ܹӡ
ϳ嶼ȥˣҲŸտʼãű˻в٣Ҳ˵кֻܶ࣬Ҫʶˣϵõ˿ͻԴԴϵıԼա
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ȻϲմӻƤӵû뵽Ȼˡ
ڲ֮ڣʱֵĿնԭ𲻵һãȫɢˡ
ܶ˼ȻȻʱҲȫ˹ٰԼ뷨ȥǿ·һˣĿǰλãѵ𣬿Щӳӷˣȴܳɹĺ£ŲҪǾɵˡ
ȫ໥֮ʶˣɢǼСӰˡ
ʱ򣬵еˣŽ֪ŽҪԣǸԼʶϤŽһǸЩûгŽһ𣬲ܵõĺô
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˵ûȻǳ˵ˣǾҪŽһ𡣾˵ǸǰһɱԷǾͬһɢɳսҲ·һġ
û֣ųȥҪġ
ʲô⣿ʵ⣬Ϊ˹ͬ棬ĶԹΪ˹ͬĿ꣬ɱˣֵܱܡ
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û뵽ϳһ㣬Ȼһʹĵкܶԭǵˣ˵ļһȫŽһ𣬵ȴûһˣҪ뿪ģҪ֪ڵڵʱԽã˵õԽ࣬ʱ˭ܳȥ˭ɵ棡
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ͲҲǱʱܸĿǰǶҪԴΪأһЦ𣬹ȥʱȥˡ
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ӷ˵ҲǸʼѣǵеĿ飬Žһ𣬵ѾܲˣԤҪСĶࡣ
ҿˣǼڵҲʲôЧˣǷǳɡ
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ʱ֮䣬ʧԭڣһĿ飬˺ﵽʮ֮Ҳ˵ʮУˣ϶ԣЧǲģֻڳӷҲ͵ʮ֮
ˣϡ
ǧĴ˿̣޷ȥӷҲû
ˣŴδġȻս֮ϣϣҲľ㣬㡣ɲ˭ҶϣΪһͬĿŽһҵǸ磬һλΰ˵ôһ仰Žܶʱʮ˵һˣһٸ˵ʮˡֻҪҲһɢɳȫŽţħ壬¡ңλʦǿߣټҵĲ񷶦һ֮ĿսǼ֤Žʱ̡
ڿս֮ǰҲʲôÿһ˶ҪŬٶȣΪȥȻҲҵģҵֵܣҲԾ»Ĺҡڽһ֮ڣħ忪ս֮ǰʮּģж࣬жۣҶϣܹҲŻÿһˣܹġ
ӷ̧ͷһգʵ̫ˣӣҪ취ͬһʱ䣬ʵȥ
Ψһܰ˵İ취ԭˣھֻԭ
ɷôۡ
Сӣлֱ˵
ūڶ㣬Ҫǵ
ʲôǼһմҪڶ㣬ǲ̫ˣҲûôѽ
Ҳ˱ееԭ룬Ӧûʲôɣ
еһӦûʲô⣬ϾѾˣÿһ㶼ϼѵģܽĴ񷶦ȥӦܳɹġӷ磬֪㵽ūĴ
ɷȻǵһһ¾ͱ㿴ˡûҾūڶʵڶһǾ;ˣһΡ
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Ϊʲô
ˣԭӿãڻûлָͱԭȫָòܴﵽѵЧ
Ҫãһ¡
һ£ǵھŴսѾʼˡ
û취ԭָҲﲻҪЧʵڲеĻսϽаɡ
ţҲֻˣһ£һ֮ڣҪȫսϣо˶еæˣλڡ
ǣ㻹ʲôСӣɸ㣬˵ˣֻѣﲻ̫æġ
ҲҪ̫۵顣ռͽܾͺˡ
ͽ
ûҲ࣬˸ѡ
˸ǰ˴սΪͽ
ҲţƽʱҲﲻʲôæǾ͸һɣҲǴһʱˣ


2616 ʵ
ڣӷ缸ͷѾڿʼһ֮ĴսˣȫԭûΪӷҪԼߵȷ֮󣬲ܷһ·һ·սЩ˿Ӳκε©һСС©ͼпܵȫû
ħ֮ĵھŴδս˵һˣмԲκεĻɫشһӷˣǰǻԪͻῪǸʱ򣬹֪ᷢʲô£
ǣӷӮˣֹǻԪ𣿹㣬ӷڸ޷ȥ룬ڰǻԪ飬ֻħʷϲأ
ƽһž޴ĵͼǽϣĴ½ĵͼĵھŴ½½кһС
ڣǿԽĴ½Ϊ飬һǸľأڶƵҶңħռľڴʲôע⣬Ŀǰλû֪ҶǱߣѾħ壬ҪŻģҶҲòΪԼһ·վͬһȥԿħ壬ԣƵҶңҲʱǲвѾħռݣǱߵȫѾħΪħĿܣ֪֪ʹۣû˿ĸԣ˵򣬾һƬǰ˰ħĿܴȥľռĵ̲˵ۿȥĴ½Ѿγ㶦ľơǣħҶ
Ⱦͽľ˵ĺˣҲ֪ľǼһﲻ㶯ˣҲԲܰħġҶͬȻǱħ壬ӷ磬ܻԳӷ߶֣ɳӷռ˾ԵƣҶضᵹתǹͷȶԸħġ
ʵ˵ˣƵҶңǽͷݣߵΪҪǣӷħ壬˭пӮҶͻ˭ȳӷħսҶͻܹ֣֮
ӣҶҰĿ治СѽǱħ壬ҪǵͬʱҪư磬ŹġòϣĿǰλãһҶһ峤ΪǿĽɫһվҪħֵġ˵
Ҷ峤ڲҪģΪΪֹ峤û¶棬²Ļ峤Ӧֻħħ벻ġҶ֣ҲֻҪͿˣҪ̫ϣΪҶֲɵϣȻҪΪԼһ·ǾͲȥħģпܹܵǣվһҶҪ֮ǾͿûǸˡ
ӷЦ˵ҶǱߵĶ
ƴĻӷϣڵԼܻҶĶ֣ɱȱģ˵֮ģӷʮеġ
˵ˣܴһС
ٽƻĺ꣬ھǿʨǰκıƣͽ͵ġ㣬ϣܼס
˵˵ûΪҪģȻ֮ǰҪ̵ģǸֶθıˡڣҸǣḺӦ˵һֶΣḺһֶȥԸˡһ֮ڣսᷢɰеȴϡԣûҪи׼˵ڴսδ֮ǰͻвٵ
ƴţ˵˵˵ɣ˽ˣսʤˡ
˵Ҫ鷳ūˡ
ū˵ʱ򣬶ΪҪģ˱Ҫ
Ϲ˵Ǿȸ˵˵ɡ
𣿱Ͼǡ
佣˵˲ɣ˲áȻѾͬһϵսˣǾͲκεɡ㻹ǳǣҲֻˡ
ȷȻˣֺαȥأһһһһ̻ô
ãȻǶ˵ˣҲС֮ĶȾ֮
ߵͼǰӹǳָ룬ָǿ飬˵ΪΪǿƵΪɼ壬㣬ҶѾ֪ˡҾ˵˵ɡݺԭΧǰĪħݺͷ˱仯ܶ˵Ը񣬶˸ı䣬ЩȫħǰСֱǰʱ䣬ħʽ¶֣ҹɷǼֵܣȫħɱ쵺ݺȫȾħħħݺ򣬴ʮ˸ȫǳмģ߼ߵڰ˲ġ⻹һٶɣм߼ĶС͸˵ˡЩ˵Уǿ֮⣬߼ΪǿϲĻսһʼħɳһЩڻңԸӦûֱɳ߼һġ
˶˵ȫ˶Ľܡ
ڶΪ꺣ΪɳݺĽ꺣ΪӴɶϰ٣ԶμҵӴ󣬶μңҲǽ꺣İμҵļͬģ߼ھŲ㣬Ҳ֪ħû϶ʲôֽţ۷ľ硣μҳ˶μ֮⣬滹ʮÿһʵǳӣǰѾľ硣ϼ⺣Ϊʹ⵺ԽΪҵ˼֮µĳӲμҳ֮⣬Ҳࡣ
ħѾȫۼǵмλãԼϰ棬Ҫ࣬ʵȴǸ߳ࡣһ˫սƾڵʵ˵¡
ӷ˵Ҫ˼ֱ˵
¡һҪһ룡֮ڣȫû
Ϲ˵죿ֻܶ죿
ǵģҲ˫ʵġи߼ͨļƲߵĻˣ
ӷ翴һƸǣʵʲô뷨
ʱûС
Ҳһ
ȻǻûãҾ˵˵ҵĿɡȻ˵ʵҪǿô࣬Ǿֻһ·ˡ
Ƹ໥һۣʵӣò롭
ǵʵ
ôѽ
ɳΪǿսţǱӪз紿һЩɣȲɱһһɱһ˫ôƽߵʵͻǿˣ


2617 ·ɱ
ˣ֮⣬ɼʵΣӷʵ
һ£˵ͱǸˣɼһֱصķǳΪںܾǰѾҪŻˣ˽¾ۼ˶û֪֮ǰΪū˳ɹ²ħɼѾʥˡ
ɼ壬һǳĴڣӷ粻ԵһɺʯһҲȥ϶ɼʵ
ӣɼ彫ħ趨һơϴҶ˷̳֮սǲ֮ɺʯǸҲȴһ߼ȸͬһġǣɼǾԲὫļҵóģɼļһϸĴڡ
˵ľۣɴ粽ʮֵ͵ӱϿľƵͬһģвٴԣ˵ľǰѾ۷ľ磬ȴûɽҲû¶ˮǸͬһ磬ƶıչأֻΪ˳۷
۷ôҲһ൱ѲĽɫԱ֤ħʲôħħ֮Ķľ۳Ҳ˵ǲҪҪĻǶǣɾкôˣ
ӷ仰˶û
˳ԼкôʲôЦѽһζʲôӷѵ᲻ˣūλѾͳȫˣֳһǺѽ
˭ĵӷħľ۳ֻΪʱһ³ʱǹԼȫʵңټԼūڶ㣬һȫʵͻһ޷Ƶٶȥ˵ɣϰٸأ
ĺ£ӷҲֻˣħܰľ۳˰ɣħûǸҲ֮£ܰһ¶ѡ
ӣҪԭָ֮սϣūڶˡ
ˡ
ӷҲϻ콫зʵԼⷽкô
佣
ڡ
ţǱ뾡һа취þһֶΣӪеĴгмĵɣȫĨɱ
ǡ
ţ
ء
ȭţԵڶ·ǱӪ佣һģսֻܰս
OKˡ
ңΪ·Ļɱȥ
ƤΪ·
̣Ϊ·
Ϊ·
Ϊ·
Ϊڰ·
ˣȻûдκţȨ㣬һŹΪھ·
Ŵսţڳ·ȷȫǱӪɱֲڿūҪͳȫöƣʱ佣ţѵȫǳ֮ǰὫ»սѵƻȫ㡣
ӷɳľ·ÿһͷģʵǳǿ˵佣Ǽûľ磬ǵ˵ҲǸ߼ˣξ·½ǱӪĿֻһȥֱսģ˵ȥɱģֻҪصĺãӦòġ
һÿһ˵ڣǵԱڣһ֮Դֿħ塣Ϊ֮Ƕڲ񷶦ģԲǵھҲʮʱ䣬ԣǱʮ֮񣬲ҷأ򣬲֮һɢȥǻڵӪĻȫħġ
ƴţʵǳ磬ֲɵӣǾܹȥһᱻֵġ
ģһöɳĺ壬ӺǹȥҲӺ׷ء岻῿ӪֻڵӪ֮Ӧǡ
İžˣǱ֤񡣡
ˣڿȡʱʱһӶ˷ѡǲڣƲҪѵȫͬʱҲҪ֮ļƻƻһҪȫκεʧԣƣηǳء
ףȻҶֻܳɹʧܾλʵ̫ˡ
ܺáǾͷͷ°ɡ·װ
ӷͷ߳ƴţͬʱǰһȭȫ弯ϡ
ȫ弯ϡ
ȫ弯ϡ
ȫ弯ϡ

ϳӷӸŵʱսţŴսţ·ȷѾ׼λˣ
ȫˡ
磬ʲô
ӷɫʮֳأǺܴȴʮͣûаֵɱȫҡŻ
İɣǿɲӢۣҲ׳ʿԲһȥġ
ûΪǶۣǴۣŸɣɵϲ顣
ܺãǾͱϻˡȫ庣壬;·Ӫ
ǣ
λǵĺϢɡ
ৡ
һ⣬ȫȥ
ӷ̾˿ʵ˵Ļ񣬼ֱһСģȥ٣͵٣ɳӷֲòҲţƴţÿһˣɵġ
վڳӷ˵ϧǿǰ˸Ҳȥɱ˾ͻࡣ
ӷʵҪǿ𣿡
Ȼ룬ǿǸû𡣡
Ǻãҽ죬͸ǰ˸ʦ
ʦ
پʵǰ˸ˣʦ
ûԽǰ˸̳ħ˴ħǰĴˡȻҲǾۼģԼҲҪŬرףڿɲڵٵģħ壬ʱΪһˣ˴ңҵһŹ㡣
ͷһٸİɣڵңѾǵˡʲôʲôиס
Ǿͱϻˣҽ
ӷܲپ˽񷶦ɣ̫ˣҲÿѽ
»ص󣬳ӷ˵սһ֮չǣûκιϵħһսǰ˸òμӣֻҪŬͿˡ񷶦ɲطǳʱȥÿһεʱ䣬ʮ죬ҲðǴ̫ã񷶦ǵɣ޷ơ
֮ǰɷ˵̸ãڲ񷶦ôöû£پһ㣬ûģΪֻв񷶦Ĳ񷶦ڲ񷶦
һΣӷ粻ðգҲֻپڲ񷶦ڴʮ죬죬ٴν񷶦ػأƾûʲôˣ
˵Ĳ񷶦ǿĵ𣿡֩ʵ
ţ˲񷶦֮⣬֮ǰ̸ֻǰ˸Ҳʮ˽ѡӦ֪Ϊʲôһǽ񷶦ԣǿǧҪʧ֮Ŵ򿪣ħİ˴ħͽǶԸˡ
ģ˵ǰ˴ħʮ˴ħҲա
ţʵ֤һСˣڣ֮ţǰ˸ң񷶦


2618 ˽붦
νΰһӴ󣬶һƣʲôطһָ߸ϵĸо
䲻ȳǰӴ󣬵ȴޱȵƸϣʲôˣֻҪĵطޱȵľ̾ϣȻ֮أȹ񹤣ɲǵȻγɵģ·һ֪Ŀռ䣬֪磬Ǹһ֪У˵Ľ˵Ƕһ޶ȴҲǵǷ켫ˣ
ӷپ˽˲񷶦˲ãһУپ˷·ֽһȫµ㣬ȴӵһС
ۿǲ񷶦ѽʵ̫׳ˡ벻񷶦֮ڣȻһĿռ䣡
״ŸԣǳĸԣǾװġ
پסףȻһҪȥ߲ɡ
˷ܹͷˣǱߡ
ˣپĿ⿴ȥֻڵõмλãյУƯˣʮֵˣһͷ֣һȫɣһɿͣ꣬żʮӣͿʵǶ
ӷ˵λУλӦͼˡ
ͼ
پ໥˿Լе
ͻȻ󺰵ûʿǵľһαʿʱһáһھһαʱֹ
˵ĵһαǳӷ绹ڵʱںսȺ۵ʱǸʱӷһαʿʧȥеʶչɱ¾ǳԳ֣ŽӷѹġǵǸʱҲˣֻʱΪӵͷ۵Ĺǻþû̫ȥ⡣
ټλپȫһˣѵǳӷ˵ʦ
ɲҪǣһǵʦֱʵ
ûȸǽһ¡ͷλǲ𣬵ڰ˴Ĳ񷶦ҲǰһĶһõλôۣҲǵڶ񷶦ת֮ԻнʱյĳɾͣλҲ٣Ҳ֪ģνʿ֮ʵλô۵ңǵʿʿǽһλǲ񷶦ĵһɷҲ֮ڣһӭսħĳǿߡλҸҵʦҲ˵ǣǵĵʦ
֩˵ҿ񶼲ʵ壬ܰ𣿡
ûѾˣģֻˡǻ壬λҲоԵʸ񣬽Ǳħ˴ħԿĳǿߡˣλɶĲ񷶦ÿһ۷Ĵڡ
˵ҿ˰ɡǰǸһĲ񷶦ҲǰˡȻǶӭսħҶˣ֤ǵˡǿɲһЩԹ̵ļһѧϰ
ףں˵ʲôλǡ
ȳӷѻ˵꣬ͻһŭһɰԵޱȵֱӽ׸˹ȥһǿ֮С
Сӣ񿴲ǰɣǾ㿴ʲôǲ֮
ǵڰ˴Ķһֱڲ񷶦֮ڣûתԵڣܶõĲ֮Ҫȶɷ˳ôۣûָǰļʹõģ֮֮ҲޱǿģΪǰΪô۵ʱ򣬿ɶ磡
ǰ𣬱ᡣû˼ֻ
ССͣϻࡣô˵ҵɲǸӦеӡ
ǸǸ˻ǰѽ
һŭصһˤȥ
ӷ˵ȱŭСӾôԸ񣬵ʣԲ߸
ٺãûеʲôáͷʱ򣬾Ȼ˶ˣˣսҲֻ˱Ͷжпܡ
˵ױľˣ˵ǸˣûԿʱȥŮˡ
ǣȻ˵СͶ֮Ļ׿ܲˡ
ϲģ˵һΡ
Ҳŭˣò˵Ըôأ˵׿ɾȫմˣ˵ͶУǸӲ׻飬սҲԲᱳѳӷ磬ֵܵġ
Сˣ磬ӣ浱Ҫѵˡ
ھŪңŪңһ죬Ū㡣
ֻǣóӷеϤûϾѧʱ򣬳ӷѧʱ򣬾͵ϾһڰǰǸʱǰףӷپȥˣʱѾĲˣûǰͷʱǣ͸һģһġ
ھŪң㲻Ūңһ죬Ū㣡
仰˵ȥܿЦȴǰ˶ܲײȤЦãղССˣ뿴СӵжǱӷ磬ǰ˸СӾͽǰɣֻҪǴþͿˣǱ֤ħ˴ħʱǻ㹻֮⡣
ɷʵǰ˸Сӣ˭Ǵͷģ
ǰĻǰдͷġپվ˵
ɷپϴһᣬ˵СУ̺ս⣬Ǳȷ
ôʵǵУ˭ɱиࣿ
׷վ໥һۺͬǰĻӦ
ţɱأȴôȥء
ǸͷһͭƤǣ
һڵģٶҲͣ졣
ѾͷᶨΪŮʮ㣬ֻսˣŻ֡
Ҳܺáӷ磬ǰ˸ͽˣԳȥˣҪ¡
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ӷ˵ǰ˸ͽˡپԼŬ񷶦ͬʱǰ˸ΪͽʷǰġҪʧҲҪλʧ
ǡģħ˴ħͽˣ


2619 ǱӪ
޴ľȺУھȺǰһɫĺ·ǺӴݣرʱȫܵ˾ţԾóһ·һźĤݣ
ں֮УʹкĤݵģȻǺеߣͳ壬ʵǵһĶĺĴ½ĺ򣬶ͳ죬ֻΪС޷ǿƵ΢ǿһЩģҲǺһˡ
ںһΨһǧ֮ǰҲҶ£Գռ֮ҲǰңĵһͬͳΡ
񣬴Ѿ»֣磬һͬΣħħħ壬ϯ磬ʱҲʱΪ羡ˣ
ӷɳľ·ڶڻ֮£ĳ˵ǰ˰ħĴڣȫħħ壬ʧȥеʶ˻ˣħĿܣħҪʲôǾͱʲôͲԼ˼άԼ뷨
νĽѣ򵥵ģЩħͳͳɱܱħĿҪõĶɡԣӷβҪʵҲЩħ֮ˡ
Ѿ뿪ھŴ½һξˣʱ򣬶ҲѾֹͣǰ
ľȺУƴţˣľŸսȫĶɶһֺرǽ磬ӡʹľ֮˲˿ɢһħǱߵˣͲܻ֡
һֹͣǰУƴţԶƽĽ磬ſƴţվھߣʶʵôˣ
Ҳ̫˵ڣױ˲Ҳֻʶ˵ѾӽˡڲܼжҲֻܽ͵ˣҪԼΪͬĺ·ˡ
佣ˣҲȫվ˾ڣ˵Ȼˣ캣壬ڴ˵ǰɡ
λǿҪסεɲǸħսֻҪЩȫɱˣǧǧҪ˵˵Χǵһ˱˲Ҫȥˣ˾ۼ֮취
ȷģΪôһˣȫȥǿǿѼȥˡ
ģֲɵôܻ潻սֻҪһİɱ֪ǻȥ֮ħСӣһġ
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ŵȫҴʮֵľǶȥ㰵ɱģǲܼģνȫҪĴ򣬵һ֮󡣡
·ŸսţΪŸͬķ򣬿ʼĳ
ڣȫͱһħҪȸӷһóӷ翴жôǿ󡣿ħҲ벻ӷ粻ûǵתǹͷȸħһصĴ
ЩҵǶԸˣǵЩɣ¿ɾпͷˣ
ھ·ɱ뿪֮󣬶ʶȫ庣ɢ·ֻһ̷ڻٶȣˣȫͻȥ
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ҲƴţʮһεǶôļޣǱӪɱЩɣȻʲô£ɱϾҪӪ֮Уһ֣Ǳ·һڵ˵ǿưΧ֮£򣬸Ͳ˿Ļᣬ˵ȫˡ
㣬ƴţ佣ϹǣҲĺܣԣƽǶôĿôţʱ㶼ҪһеĿŸ̽һ㶼¶
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ƴţľٴֹͣǰУľ㣬Ҳȫֹͣ
ˣȫ뿪㣬֮ǰҵıˮУԷֹҵϢй
ˮ飬ⶫ뵱ҲһŸӷ磬ͨģӷҲûҪá
ڵıˮ飬ǾģˮɺͬʱκεϢκ˷֡
ڸ뿪ھŴ½ʱ򣬶ÿһţЩҲǶʱ׼ģţë֮ࡣ
ȭŵԱջƴţ˵ˮ麬뿪˾㣬Żƴţĳǰȥ
ֻǰ֮ˮȫΪɫģԣΪħĹϵԭɫĺ󣬸˺ɫڵĺΧ֮ڣǺɫĺˮΧЩСϵֲҲȫή˺ɫ
һĺӺֱʣʱ֮صգѾûаҹ֮ˣһ죬ǺڰһƬһ˿Ҳ
ǧСѾƶһħɵģҲֻСȵھŴ½ǰĴ󶯾Ǩơ
еȫۼǧС֮ϣƴţȭţѾΧİߣһͷӺ׸ֳǸոնˮеϣĸˮ㣡
һİ˵ûУƴţٶȣҲʮֻģ¿ˣˮ˷֡
ȫԱ׼ϵƴţʶ
ֻƴţȭŵĳԱһһǱ뵺ϣϵһɲǣÿһˣΪͬķλԹȰӰ˵ϵĴ֡


2620 ʦȫԱ
һžĵӪ֮У˭һ̱֣ԣ˭ҪһֵСģ·κεĽŲҲ˵ڵӪߵٶȣҪƽϼʮٱÿ߳һҪ񲥷㣬һҪעⲻߵκζ¸ǲֱŵصģŵ֮ǰҪҶһŴĲݣɳһ־԰ĲǰС
ٶȣҪ뽫Ӫȫһ飬ûиһʱǾ԰첻ģϾӪǼǧСģϵĵҲǳǧ򣬾ƴţǷֿ·жʮʱ䣬Ҳɱ˼ˣΪѵ⣡
Ȼʶ̸Ҳֻھ˱ȽԶ֮£ˣǾֻˣνʱʮִó
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ƴţʶŵĺܵףΧҲǺԶƴţʶȫͣ˽Ų
ǰǧ֮еˣӦһ֧ѲߵСֶӣʮʮңÿһ˵ϣɢħǵ˫ɫ԰ףȻΪħĹϵɵġ
ǰ֧СֶӣȫǴΪߡȽ֧СֶӸ
ƽʱҪһ֧СֶӣҲֻǻƴţܽ顣ڣڲܾ˵£ҪǰСֶͲǼ֮ˣΪҪǷӦ֮ǰһԣˮɱһҲˡ
ų˵Ǻܶ࣬ȫϵĻһ𶯾ġҽɳͬͬһʱ֣̼ɱ
ʶ˵ȭŵĸųҲǻƴţѡģΪûеɣֻǴ۷ˡȭڣ۷ǿߣ⻹ʮȫԭӿʱġ
ƴţǳͬ⸱ųİ취˵ǺãԷʮˣҲɳʮΪҪ̫ߣֻҪȵ˸߳һͿˡ˭ϵģԸվѡֵĶ󣬵һ£̳֡
ƴţƸ䣬ѾʮԱվ˳ųȻڡ
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ƴţһֻµһɲǣǳֵĻᡣ
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ҲѾ˻ƴţߣͬʱȻҲڲԽ֮ͬ£һľۼ
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ǣ֪Ϊʲôϵ֮ǰǣ
󷨺ܹ죬Ҳϵ֮ŷֵģɷֵʱѾˣˣȫ󣬸޷ɵߡ
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Ҫ󲢷ʲô£󷨣һǵΪֹǵ͵ϮڳģòڶԵУֻǽжѡȻ󷨣һԵ壬һ壬˾ͻڵһʱ䷢ֵġ
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û򣬵˲󷨣Ҳûκεˡħ磬ʲôطǣѾΪ֮

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ҲҪģȻѾˣ˲һԽΧɱҲûˡû´ĻһèץϷڵè󣡡
˵ôϻȻѾˣǾʹʹɱһذɣҲ뽫оʵ
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һèץϷУèΪǣΪǣèȴֻǰ󵱳ˣĶ󣬲һԽԵȵˣ֮èŻĶ֡
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ȻǣèȻҲǽƻĴڡèٶȿ죬ܶһУȴ򶴣㣬è޷ġ
˼ҪǴȥʲôЦսҲôѽ
νĶĵضֻһ˵ˡʲôطֻҪܲè֣Ǿһ⵺ϣҪصĵطʵ̫ˣ֮ڣÿһ󷨣©ڣֻҪҵ©ܱܿ˵ļӣһУèǣ󣬱ǡ
ǻʲôҳ󷨵©ѽ
Ϲ˵ħõ󷨣󷨾ħġǣħҲ˽⣿
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ܣѾҪˣҪǣ󷨶ô죬ǣȥǵ񡣡
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ˡҪ࣬һ˾͹ˡ
Ƥһֻӣա
ڵϣǳСĵĻһԲȦ˵ҺñԲȦǽϵǵӪƤｫƿ֮һķͿ֪µʲô󷨣֪󷨣ܴ󷨵ĲַͬУҳ©ڡ


2621 ͻƿڣ
Ҷһģħ壬ڶɷһʱʱѾħˣǲΪħĹϵɰ˰ħܰĴڣΪǱħһֻ֣ô̫ˣϵħѾֻǹﴢħˡ
֮ڣĵϵˣȫѾħˣħ֮󣬲Ǳ滹ڣᷢתģԭС棬ҲᱻħɺɫС档
Ҷ峤ħ壬ǵС棬ǵΪҲֻһΰˣǣӵħõħ飬ħ飬ԭߵСͬģֻûж֣֮ǴС֮
ĿǰλãҶûֹ͸˵峤ˣӵħ飬Ҷ˷Ͳͬˣ֮ڳģϵħ飬УҲ
ɲ򲻵ѵʱ򣬲ӵŴħҶ峤ֻǲħҶ˷磬ὫħתΪħĴڣǶһű
˿̵ָܲȫħû٣սʱ̣ħҲġ
ǰһɫͭУʾ˻ƴţǱߵĻ档
ϵӷôһ֡ΪܽҾʵʵ̫ˣһЩɣһºսϣҲκãֻӷ磬ŻὫЩ˿֮ء
綢ŻƴţǵһһڻƴţǸϵһ̣Ѿˣɲûвȡκεж˵ǰ㣬ֻèץϷⳡϷУǿߵĸߵ̬
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ȻˣǾͺúø棬ħǱҲû´ʽսڿս֮ǰҽЩһͷ͸ӷ統˵ӷʲô飬Ǹ˵ˣֻô롣
Ȼ߼ִ˾ĵķõġϾǵ֮ڵģҪҪħǱҪһħ󷨣ҵġ
ʲôõĵģǵУѵбҸ֪󷨵𣡾УȻ֮ڵģһ󣬵ҲǾġûм󷨵֪˽⣬Ҫ󷨣Բܡ
ûȥ룬ڻƴţǵУһλ֪󷨵Ǳǡ
ûǵȷû󷨵˽⹦ףˣЩˣעֻȥһ£һ൱ǱһʼˣǾͻκĶá
еؾ֣Ȼֻ֮ڵһЩǿ󷨣ǵƾؾֵĻҲܻᱻӷãӷеģǵǱ
ʲôһ㷴뷨ûУڵϻ˸Ȧ
ЦһߵʱһеŬͽ͵ģ㣬ѵǻ᲻֪Ҫ͵Ϯȴһͱҷˣ֪Ҳ֪㣬ôǾֻеˡ
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ˣɫͭʾĻ棬ȻһӰûˣƾʧƵġ
ãҪ⣡һȥסҪһǡӣûһҳ󷨵©Դҵ󷨣û뵽ǵУж֪һ̫Сˡ
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ܣѾĵˣ絣ĵǣ汻ˣԼ޷ƿǵ٣Ǹʱ򣬹֪ǻɳʲô£֪ӷЩˣÿһӷͬգ̫ȱˣ
ħ˽ｻͳ죬ʲô£ҿû취ħ˽󷨣ϼӴһ磬ҵ뿴ҵ󷨡
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ͬʱڻƴţǸղ֮أЦʧʱ򣬾Ȼٶȳˡ
ѽûõģ
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ȻǸһϵͽ˵˵󷨣˸סˣϲĻһʲôǵһһղһ֣ҪõΪʶļӣһŭһ֮£ȻȥˣһΪ󷨳⡣
Ϊ󷨳֮Ǹ鷳ˣ
ûһо֮˵һ󷨣ļƻ⣬Ȼͻŵڶֵ׼ڣѾڶ󷨣ɳˡ
ǣⲻں𣡡
ûҾںǣ룬ȴ롣վڵ˵ϣֻҪΪԼֶγ⣬ǲǶôˣһɲǣ΢˷ģֻҪķһңǵĻˡղҽ֮õΪҵķһ֮£ͻڶ󷨣ģһͻԸǣ󷨵©ʲôطֻҪֱȥõڶ󷨵ĵط͵뿪𣬲κһ˻ɵԼеġ
佣ʶΪǿڣ佣Ȼһת˵ҵˣ磬Ѿˡ
ǸλãֻҪǰУͿ뿪ˣ֮УҲ󷨡
ܺãǣȻһףʲôûɣֱ˵˵󷨡ߣȥ硣
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ʲôĵڶղŲǰˣ
ҪȥǱߣȴܱ緢֡ˣεɱģֱӸ棬ǻɱʲôֱӾܱĽˡƾˣʵ潻棬Ǿ
ףֻҪ֮صΧٰ֮ԭƻжѪ
ȻҶˣھ͹ȥˡİɱڿʼ


2622 һȫң
һ˵жôǿ󣬶ܻܲ͸ģΪģֻҪˣǾһȱݣʲô磬ˣҲ˵Ķ©ֻ©ҲΪ˺ܶͰˣ鼱Ϊֱӽ󷨵ĳڱ¶˵ģһϵ©ҲʡĻƴţôĽϵϣһȥ󷨱©ˣҲʱȥѽ
ȻѾָһ·ǲߣ̫
佣ʶΪǿоϢȴҪȸϵʱӿٶȣǰУò˵ĵġڣڵѾ˷磬ΪƴţѾҵƳ󷨵ķȥƳԣڻƴţƳ֮ǰͱٶȣڶ׵Ԥ󷨣ҲҪڵһ֮ټһ磬ƴţûļƳ󷨵Ļ󷨣һ磬ƴţ˾͸ûˣ
ʱ򣬼Ȼ綼ѾˣƴţǰٶȣȻܱȸϵʱ࣡
ʱ䣬ȡʱͬʱֲ̫ңҲһֿɣսϵһֿ飬ԵʱһȡʱĿ顣
佣ǰƴţϹң̣裬ǣƤˣˣȫ
ǿΪҲߣʴ֮սϸ𲻵κãӷ֮Ϊںıһȸȸ˿·ɱΪΪǿһ淢ʲô⣬Կȸ˸߼ҲӦһʱˡȻҲڵзĸ߼δ֮ǰ
ҸϢԽԽǿˣҲ˵ԽԽˡȿ֮ˣҪȫھ֮Χ˵ϢȫغãҲǸ߼һСģͻᱻֵġ
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ÿһ󷨣һǲ͸зΧģмһСεʱĤһСεʱ䣬Ҳʮ֮ڣԣ·ɱڶ󷨣뿪ʮ֮䣬ҪһǵķΧʧܣǾͽ·һ
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ǣοȫˣɲҪˡ
޷֤Ҳֻˡܶ飬ܶ飬ҲֻŬ󣬵ܷɹҪˣ
⡣ӷɴͲţʱ򣬾㻻ɳӷ磬Ҳᰴ˵ȥӷԱأٻġʱڵľ֮£ǳӷ磬ǳ˵κһˣˣ
׼áҪڶˡ
˵ǰ㣬֮ϵ磬ʼڶ󷨣Դ˿Χסƴţˡ
Ǹڹħƶƶʱȫɢ޴ĺڹ⣬ڹУһħ
ħħû뵽ȻҲħһħģӦеġ
ûʲôֵģ壬ҶңħģǵĵϵӵħǺġû´ĻҶ˷ˣӦֻһСֵħǵӣӦӵžԵħ顣
ħħ飬ڲЩʱ򡣴׼Ѿ˵ڶ󷨣̵һ˲䣬Ǿһȥ
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ǣţ취
취֮ǰû鵽飬룬ǲе̫ˡ
ǧǱһʧ仰֤ǵϣʲô㵽ˣΨٶϣûȥ룬ΪҶΪԭߵĹϵɣƽҲϢȫԣʶģûȥ̫ࡣ
Ȼ¸ˡǵ鷳ʹˡ
˵ϻˣҪˡ
ģƴţǿЦģ֮ϵ磬Ѿתȥ
룬ڵʱˣ
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һʱ֮䣬ҲǷͲ֪ڸô
ܲôˣȥƴһɡô˵Ҫɱһ磬Ӧ֮顣
ɱ磬Ұ֮£˸ȸһͬ־Ѿ㹻ˣҲûʹúĹȥ赲
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ͻȻһǿ˵ƶһƶƴţˣȫͬ㣬󷨡
ǡ
ûµȻһתķλˡ

Ǿǰ׷
ǣ
ƴţѾ󷨣ȴһˣ֮ڣ
Ƥʲô
ų
ȻҪһ˰ɡҵķλѾ¶ֻҪܣ˾ͻ׷ҵġߣң񡣡
û뵽ؼʱƤȻѡԼȫˣһУ¶ķλҲ͵ڸ磬ƴţȫϾ绹֪
һ׷ɱƤ׶༪٣һˣ


2623 
ƤﲻΪô۾ɲڹؼʱ̣ΪؼãðΣգԼҲԲһüͷգһ۾ġ
ΪƤĹϵ·ɱѾɹ󷨣֮ԱȫٴγȥӪƤÿһ˵ﶼǳųԼԼ˳ģԼЩܻȥǹųһ⣬ųʲô£ˣԼЩ˻ܻȥųװôԵųƤ
ųߺŽЩ۵ľɲۼһ𣬵˶ٿ࣬ҲֻųԼǲǰﲻųҪĿȥңҡ
˵ŵĸų˰ôǸʱڵսʿһ־޸һֶƣƾľ˵սϣǳɱǰߵȷ
佣Ÿųļ˵кܶȥε񣬾ɱ˵ģΪųĻǾɱ˰ɡңųű֮ھǴ֣ҪҵҲǼ׵顣
û˵ǵ֮󣬻ҵųϾǻоʱ䣬ֻҪڵĲ֮ûʧųͻϣһ˷ʱˣһųһΣա
ƴţ˵ǷģǱ֤֮һƴţһὫųȥġ
ƴţǸһŵһξŸųģҪоŸųȥ˵ԱԵĻ˭뿴ԼԱڵӪΪ˴֣ڲȥƤˣؼʱ̣ԼԱҲǻġ
Ҷ˵ˣƤｫ˸չжɡھɸų죬˭ɱĵ˶࣬Ȼʹ󣬵ΪҪǣǶɱһˣһºĿսǵսѾһˣһΣաҶ𣿡
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ûɱеʱ򣬲ȥģԼɱٵˣζһ֮ĿսԼսԶٵˡ
ɱɣ
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֧Ķ飬Ƥ߾ƤȴѾһֻڰеӰֻ֮Ҫǵ˾ͺѷ֡
Ƥǽ˸ˣҲûԼһεʲôԼСĵ˴Լ߾ȫɱģƤҲԲŹ
ӷСӵжͣȻںǾ֧Сֶٶ࣬ǰҲϰĴڡ
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ɣˣڿħЩҲȫħˣʵ֮ǿǳӷǱܹġ
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ʿأͻȻһɭɭ紵ֻһµ˵Ҫһ꣬ڣǾͻû
Сģǳӷˡ
˵ϣǾͿαЩɱİɡ
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˵ʲô˭˵
ӷ£սųԵԨĺӡ

ɭɭٴϯ֧СֶӸշӦǰȴһɵĻӰ

ԣֻǻӰѡЩǡ
Ƥｫӵ쾡£һӰ֣˴ʱȻȫľݡ
̫࣬Χһв١ˣ˻ȥ
̫ࣿЦһѣȴųˣ˵ӷϣӣˣ϶硣
ܣ±Ӱɡͳͳɱ
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֮Уħ˵ķܵ˾ţ˷ȥǱߵ磬ȴɫ䡣
ɳ֧Сֶӣû뵽֧СֶӵϢôʱھȫʧˣ
ôܣҵ֮ڣǾȻֱܸӱѵͲ½ҵĴȫȥ𣡡
ʵ벻ͨЩ˸ϵʱһһСģôȴ˵ſˣ
ԣǱ߲ǵ
ǷӦ˹˵еˣֻҵעһˣѾ뿪󷨡Ļ쵰ȻϴȫغԼĸλ
ղѾˮ·գһʮȥΧ˵ˡ
˵ʲô׳գʲôʱ¹ˣ
£ǵġ
ͷϸҰʮܹȥ¶û󷨣ͱ·ϵĵ˸ɱˡ㲻ܽͳͳҳͷҡ
ǣǡϾȥ


2624 ɱ
ƴţھңڵõľѧԺ޹ִսŴʷսƴţˢӵġ
ڵ˵ŴʷսãȻҪִ»սҪõĶ࣬νδУݣν̽ˣ˽ǰȫŵһȥ׾ͻ˵˵ĹƣоİΧС
뿪󷨣·ɱٴηͷº󣬻ƴţͶһۣϵˣϾϵʱûѡģһһϵ˵ϵ֮㣬Ҳʱѽ
ڣȻѾĵӪһפǰǧ֮м仹ҪƹüɽֵƸӵ֮£ƴţҪɳ̽ӣǰ·߸ƺܼ֮ǰͬʱڿӪפؾ֮󣬻ҪȽоķֲźһһӶӵɱ֡
ڰСʱǰƴţ̽ӾѾȥˣڣ̽Ѿƴţǰ
ǰ·߶ûУ
ų·ʱˡ
ʲôǰУҪǰ··߶ڵ˵ĵϣһ·ͺܻܿоذΧС
ųҵ˼ˡû·ߣΪǰԶм֧оľ߿
ʲôеоľӳ߿
ûҿķǳ˵Ҳһأ
ƴţһ˷ܣһһԽһȫĨɱĻǿɾʹˣ
ǵȫѹѽȥˣԼˡ˸ˣȴŵ˵ĵһԣ߹ĵˣȫ
ƴţֻҪһ˷ܣһͻԺܶҪ顣
ųԸȻҶϲҲֵǳԿġɵ˿һأǾͰˣô֮佫оһȫ̫󣬰ѸĵоǱΧɱĿɾˡ
ƴţһ£Լų˵һҲһȥϮǣܴĶģɽеоȫᱻ˵Ҳиٰʮɡ
СңȻ鷳ˡڸôأôˣôڰ㶯ûе֮£ͽȫ
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ȻѾƺˣǾ϶֡
ڶ֮ǰҪ顣
ڿҲ𶯾ġųʮˣɽǱȥһС͵Ļɽܳ׵ıҪɽоעȫǼɽϡ
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ƴţʶȫһϣʱ򣬾Բõо֣һ֣֮ǰͰæˣԼˣҲĵоΧ
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һĴÿһ˵˫ۣΪȫɫһɫûУҲû˿ԣһ˫ۣǰģĿ֮ûеõһʱͲı䣡
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Χľ֧֮ȫʼãΪһ̯ɫҺ壬˴֮УûûϢеģֻ޾Ŀ־壡
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ѹ֣ѹǰߴεĴսǲ񷶦ˣħĿ£죬ƴţǼʶˡ
ɽʱͬգҪǰߴδսھŴδսȣħ廹ʲô壬ֻҪҪ㣬ǣ޻ء
׼á
ƴţһ־𣬾ʱ򣬺¡һϰٸӣͬʱݣ


2625 ŭ
Բ֮أ̼䷢Ϊǿҵĵ㣡ϰٵĴӣŵоĵһһȥÿһӻǽһģֻҪһˣдҲݣڵоһƴţԤõ·ߵӵмʱݣһоܣֻգ֮䣬¡һƬ޴Ĵ֮Уͳһͬʯ׷Ĵӡ
еĵоһĵоȫ֮УԼа֮ǻƴţٶȣҲǽɽ΢ʱɢǵڳġ
ΪоѾȫħڵӺ󲻻κεĲҽֻڿڣҪϣʱ򣬻ƴţǻᡣ
һֻ֣Ѿٵ£ųʮˣٶȳɽǱ߳ȥʱ˿̣ѾҪˣڳɽͬʱųˣѾеȫ˼ɽĻɽڣ޴⣬ȫȥ
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ӵԭըʵĳķԭʵһҪѧҲ̼飬ٲԭǳӪ֮ǰͽǡ
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ƴţ߳ɹɱĵо佣Ϲң̣裬ˣŵǽŻɽʱòͬķɱĵоһʮûͱɳʱûȿƤǱߣѾɱȫûˣ
·ɱǰУϵһʱ䣬Ѿɱʮоʣ¾ʱ䣬κһ˶˷ѣΪԼɱеͬʱƤǱҲΣյģ
ֻ֮άʮ죬Ҳ˵·ɱֻоִʱ䣬֮󣬾ҪˣҲΪ˷ֹͻһо֣׷ɱǲǻһʱˣֻҪ֮һӣͲᱻħ塣
ʱǽָص߶
ħ⻹ûսʮɲ֪ôħѽ

˳ָģƷǳҲǳ¡
ôˣ𣿡
⣬⡭
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Ըһ
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棬˽ͬʱµкηԸ
֪ͨҵӣ漯ϡ
ӣӣ
ѵԳɣȫڵͳ˧ͳ˧ԳҲͽζţȫҪʼˡ
ʮҵ뿴ӷЩˣǲ񽫡


2626 ˣ
ָ⣬ʮѾۼÿһͿƶʮʮ֮䣬ÿһ˵ƶޱȵǿ
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ӷģֱӸħԿϾ񷶦ħ޵С岻ͬħһѧҶǰ㱳ѰɣһҲˣħʱԵʲôûħˣħͲסˣǸʱ򣬶ħġ
ΪԼΪ壬綼Ҫصħ壬ҲҪħħ飬ҪãλܳκεĲ򣬺嶼еģ
ĳӷ磬Ҳ֪Щʲô˹ͻԼ󷨣նɱԼʮԼĵ̴ȥȥҪһıǸɱˣ
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ʮӣûһ˵ģÿһˣߣʮưֻͣ£ķϻһ䶼˵
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ʵڲУǾȥĺϴһ£ɶ˷ѵʱ䣬Ҳ̫⣬κһűΧŵġ
˵ĺʱ򲻹һų£ŵģԣϱŸɾûκεζǺҪġ
˵죬˼Űɱ񣬵ʱ磬ȴѾȫȫתλˣֻҪÿһפͬһطţǳӷûô׵֡
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ûκһ˵֣ûκһɱһˣȥ񣬿ɾҪΪֹˡ
⼸ɱĵҲˣʵڲеĻΪ˰ȫǻǰɡ
볷ǵ𣿳ӷǵʱӦʮɣڲ죬Ǿˣǲ̫ˣ
ͻأһŭ𣬻ƴţ˸վۼһôû뵽ĳֱ֣Ӿʹ˻ƴţ˵ķ磡
ÿһ¶һ
ˣ
磡
ʮмϷֿˣȫҪ


2627 ѳأ
ھŴ½֮
ӷķ˶ԵĺܽţûǰɣϾǰӪаɱĿɶһˣ˼ֵ֮⣬Ǹ߼ǳʲô£Ƕڳӷ˵ǿɾͲʧôˣ
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һֲõԤСڲŹ죬ԤоѾˣԶԶҵ󡣡
ӷ֮ƴţ˵ڣѾãʮ֮Ҫصģʲô飬Ҳߵʱųֲõĸоɡڣʱ䣬ֲõĸоͳˣʹĳӷĵıǰ漸أ
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ŮЦһ˵˵ġ
ˣܵˣӻǲСѽ
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ѴС㲻õģȻľûκεΣաгүչ̳֮ڡ̳Ҳǽȥġ
үүʲôʱҲˣ
ģүӵѾָұǰǿħǳүӵĶ֡
ʵֽ֪۵Ҳ֪Ϊһֱڱչأԭ̳ģ֮󱻶ɷתˣѶ֪ԼתƵ飬ֻڻѳ֮ŷ֣磬ܲԾӣԲŻֱҵ
أʲôط
ƴСҲţֵһ𣬹Ƽ֮ǻزġȻѴСˣǾӦܶҾ˵ѴСھ»ȴţֵҪĶࡣҾȱģЩѴСѵȫΪһ֮ǾҪħչսˣȻҲҪ磬һţֵǳ£ͻھ֮ʽħĵһܹ
£ƴţǻ£
ѵһģ޷ƽԼôôùһأΪһΪ˳ӷġڣӷ粻ڣľƴţȫΣգ˵пΣգʣܲţż
ҲԼôţôżҲκãӰﲻ˱ƴţǡ
ӣԼΨһģĴˡ
ǰɣ
ûλǳ˵ĵһ·Ԫ˧ǿߣҲǳʥּˣū
ҰִģѹǿˣˣҰǲǲڣڵĻţӦòȥðյģ
ûܶ飬㻹֪ǾȳȥȻһὫеȫġ


2628 Ԯ
ӷվںߣңԶ
ֻһž޴ĺڹ⣬һһģʹĳӷֲõĸоԽԽǿˣ
ãţǹȻˣ
ڻƴţǳ֮ǰӷÿһ˵ڹһ֮֮ǲ񷶦ˣܷʲôط񷶦оǹɲ֮Ĵڡ
ڣӷƴţ˵Ĳ֮𽥵ʧҲ˵ƴţѾ˵оİΧУΪǿħĹϵ֮ħЧͿʼˣ֮״ӻƴţ˵ʧǻƴţȫᱻħ壬׹ħģ
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ӷٲȥӪȣǻƴţǽȫսӪ֮Уӷ粻ǿߣʹֵܣӷŮڡ
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ūѾ뵽ӷʲô̸ֹ
ڴţѾоΧٲȥǵĻǾͶزˡ
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Сѣˣ
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˵ǿԵȣǻԪȴȡһħɹǻԪ磬Ǻ֪ġ
˵û첻ҵ׵ܵӪ֮УҵĺýоİΧСȫҲԲȥðա
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ֱվ˳ӷǰ˵ǲȥģҲĿŴţӪܵġҴȥǰɡ
㣡ЦˣҶħĶ֣ȥˣֻǶһħѡ
Ҳ˵ˣǶˣǻʲô塣ǰǶǶģɽ죬ҵġ
Ѳܳӷ磬ֻǽпūӷѹסˣϻûУֱӷȥ
Сѣһػء
̾˿˵˴ˣ򸴺С㣬ǻС㣬ǵĽӢѽȥɣϾ̳ˣڻŲ֮ħûõġңҵķоڵӪǱߣٳ˼ɸСͬĲ֮û´Ļ̳ʮˣѾȫˣǶֱӲͬķ򣬸ӪӪȴţֵˣ
ӷ˱۾ѽ˵һҲûˣȫˣǬµˣȫˣҲ֪ô֪ƴţӪڲԼͬģǰԮˣ
ȥˣӷ綼ǳģΪӷ֪ħǿڵӪУɻţ磬ǿߣ̳ʮȫȥҲȥ޻صģ
ӷ侲ūѹסʱʲôˣӷƻǻġ
ƣϴ
ʱɵӣ֪ӷ
֪ǶΪҺãҲΪ磬Ϊ˴֡ĳ£Ҳܵʲôûȥȫʱȫս
Ӫ֮ĺףʱ䡣
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ǲҪȥˣӦϵġ
Сǲϵ
Ϊʲôھ·ȫ˰ΧٲȥǣǾͻȫûġ
˼һ£˵ؼʱ̣ǱҪ˧
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²̫ף
·£оΧһѾ֪ˣҲһ᲻һеĸԮġȴϵȥΪΨһϣ˵ħǾ͵ģڵӪ֮УûĻᡣǱҪֹϵԮ
ˣֹ𣿡
һôǶҪֹ
ֲ߿
ɣô졣
ǼǴδˣӣȫ۷ɡ
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᲻ǵˣ
ܣڶѾħɶԷڵһ˿ħҲûС
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Ÿһ˾ŸǴӲͬķģһǴӵھŴ½ϹġӵӸٶȣ񶼷ǳż
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ܣҪĻضǳӷΪӷ֪ӪǿڻƴţǱΧ֮£ӷ粻ġ
ȥԮҪֹǣϵ
֮Уŵͬɫ⣬ӾŸͬķ

֮ϣһ޴ˮϣǧˮۣ֮ȴԳٶ߿ľˡ
ÿٶȣȻǾŸ۷ɡûһʶģҲûӦòǵˣ
ǵˣ
ৡ
ৡ
ৡ
ŵӰͬʱ˶ǰ֮


2629 ս
˸ҵģͳͳ
һѾ޴ĴӣֱӾͳҹȥͲɶ˵һ仰
ĶΪԵŮĹϵΪҲ߲µģԾ޴ĴӣĺˮȻӿڶΪγˮܣŮǿķȻҲ˹
顭
޴Ĵ˶ǰˮ֮ϣˮ˷ɢȥкҲʱ򣬽֮˸Χ
ͲκҪȶֵ뷨ҪȸԷݣǳ˵ˣԼҲδħǱߵˣôЩˣķأ
ڣȻԷȶ֣Ƕܲзѽ
ԱİΧֳ־޴ӺǷŭڶҪҹȥˡ
۷ɵʵԱǾԵֵסģʱ򣬾һŮ˺ס֣Լˡ
ʱͬʱģһ˵·Ȼ໥֮ûж࿴
һŮ˵ȫתͷһû뵽Ȼǻѡ
ƴС㣬ôˣĶʵ
û뵽ǶȺصģ־۵һ𡣿ӣҲһо˴ţǼϢɡ
˵Ǭ£ɽվһǸɣϷ塣ղŹģȻˣĶҲˣ
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ȻˣǾͱϻڴţȫڵϣǵ˵ӪأţǶڵӪ֮УǱҪϽǾȳ
ʵʲôˣʲôӪеͿˣ
ǶųأصĵطҲͬѾӷˣҲ֪ڵľơѾ۵һΪǿĵˣ֮һռ䣬Ϊħ壬ĵˡҪ磬һаǻԪ硭
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ɲʲôطӷʲôϵֻҪǳ˵ˣͲϵȥˡ
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Ǭ˵Ҫȵˣûֹܹ
֪ȫ۷ɣƴţεɲ򵥣һ£Ǿ·һģ˭ȥǣҲһ³Ϊ˲ǰװұҪֹǡ
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ǵġ
ҽлѣڵϵĻƴţҵ׵ܵܣ̣佣ϹңǶҵĽãҵѣΣգҲܵʲô֪ӷѾūѹסˣ˵ģȴҪӷɵ顣
֪ǶģҪǿϵҲǼ׵顣ϵѾκ˶ȥġҪȥȽŷƽͽĺܴ
ĻȻף˵鷳ˣҵƴţǣܵʱҪƴţǷȻˡ
ô̫ӵԱȫֵܽð㣬˵һȣһĽ飬ڳǻѣǬܴŵ̫ӵ
ҪϻˣȥţǸΣաҺ硣
Ǭһɽһȶ֡
¡һŹǿ֮䣬ͽƳˡ
ͬʱڵϣƴţȫоΧվһʯ֮ϣЦſŻƴţˣ˵ƾЩһҲ㰵ɱǵļƻͿ͸ˣҪƤӵɱˣߣҲ̫˵ɡ
ˣȸʮмͽˡǸɱһѪ·ε񣬵Ϊֹ
ǾԲκȳֵĻᣬһͻأϵҲʱһ޴𶯡
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ĺãһǳӷ˹ˡｻǣȥһӷ磬ΣҪ޻أħ˿սĻᶼûС
һֻһ޴ƴţʲôط
νǾ춯ѽʮǿϵҲ𶯹΢

ˣҴҲ
ƴţĻ쵰ҵͻһ䡣
Ǭ
ҸоµϢˣѣϷ壬ȫˡ
ܺãȻˣų硭
ûҲӪھһ޴壬Щ˳Ϊնˣõ˵˵嵱Сߣȥǻغϡ
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󷨣ССҲ𡣡
ҵ󷨣ܹСģǸ߼Ҳܡˣס
ã
ȸʮмҪɱھɱһѪ·
ǧҪ̫嶯ǻƴţڵĲ֮ڼһЦʧͻᱻħġ

ŵ⣬Ѿƴţ߳˹ھҲܴˣеĺӦҲһʮˣʮ۷ɣѾۼ˻ƴţ˵Χ
ţþòˡ
ǬЦ
Сٷϻæ
һֱ˻ƴţߣ˵ôôСģ
ѽɲܹҡҲ뱻˷ѽҲտʼɱʮ
Ҫϻˣ뿪˵
ܣûǸˡӣ֣
ȸһ֣һƻֱӽʮӸ
ͬʱҲֱ˹ȥ磬߼Ծɡ
ߣˣħ֮ˡ
ǡ
Ŀʱ򣬸Ҫ㣬ħˡ
Сǲ֪ûǸ͡
ǾԿɡԸ㣬һҪκ˵İæţҵ֮⣬κ˶Ҷ


2630 ľ壡
ѵȫأȫϵ֮ڣӪȻƴţˣϦյ̫ӵǿ߾λô˵ǿߣһħǳӷūԵҲõģԶɽΪĵĹϵʱﲻ˳ӷ磬ôھͱҪһˣһ˫ȫ֮ˣǰӪЭѵȽӪȡ
ʵڻ뿪ھŴ½ǰӪͬʱӷ粻´ʱս⻹һ뿪˵ھŴ½ǰĵطǡ½

ľϦյĶʥŮµľƣҲǰͽӵϢ֪ӷɳ˾·ɱżľҲѾ׼ˣȴҶΪľ֪һǣȫĺ޷ܵأԣֻҪӷǱûĶľش˾͵ſϷɡ
ʿļæľصɫʮֺÿЦˣ
£˵˭ˣЩˣȫѾͶľأڵľؾ͵ڶݣӾްҹˣ½Ҳǵڶ
Ͼ֪ˡѳӷ˽нɡ
ûгΰĴ֮ڣһʿƽ롣
һȣľû˿ĿΪҲǳӷģľյС˴̵ԽԽûˣ
ӷҵİɣ
˵ľ˵
ҲϵľػˣҲȷȻڳӷȥ˵ӪǾͱһбµ˴ȥ磬ʺϵˣֻľˡ
㣿εºܣΪʲôҪأ

̫һһŵʮּܾҪȴ񽣸ֹסˡ
𼤶ȻһܹȻоԵĵġλҵĺˣûмˢӣ𡣡
ЩСɫȻҲ֪ƵͷеʶɡҽɲǸ˵ϻġľأҴ˼˹档
ˣ
ӷƴ˼˹ʲô˼
ľػû뵽ӷȻƴ˹ԼɲʲôˣľҲû
Ҷ֪ô˵ӷˡңȻһסˣʲôˣҶûκεȤ
ȱ˵˵Ǹ㣬ҲˣֻıһѡֻˣȻˣȻҪѼġ
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Ŷ˸ѵǶ˷𣡡
ľ仰û˵ڣ˵ġ
񣬳ҵķľصĵһǳ޵УڳҵļֱȻģ񣬾ǳǿı֮һˣ
Ҳϻһӣˣȫľصǰ
죬޼нδû뵽ЩˣȻȫˡүֱʻ湻ġ
֮ǰӷĲռסڼ尾ӷ첻ľأһŵǲὫЩ˸ľصģ
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ڵʱ򣬻ûӷɱ֮ǰʶľأǸʱľػɽ鳤ҲϼҪԸӷģӮģǳӷ硣
겻ٴ㲻ѣҲ
ӣӡǰӡû뵽ǾȻˡ
ѽǰӣδľصڶ
ҹô㣡
еôȣԽľءˣ֮ǰҿһֱڸԵġ
δľأˣ֪һֱڰиԼԵģҲˡ
ЩΪԶûˡȻһ˹ǲܸңΪʲôҪ
㻹𣿻֪ҵ𣿡
֪ҵȻֻ֪ңѵһ鶼û𣿡
ƺΣԼЩ˹ɲ̸˵ġ
ľأҰǴǴڿʼǾȫˡǴΪУǸ֣ǶǵľǾԲڵġڣӦ֪ʲôɣ
ľ˵Ȼӷ˴󷽣ĳȫ͸ңҲܲѽÿһˣɶһһĺ֣֮ҲǴȫǵɣȻҿϣţҵİ֮£ȫġӷҪȥˣȻһĻҲûУҿǺΪѵġ
ΪѣȻ֪ԣǼ֮⣬һ㿴
ˣ֪ӷ˵ʨһҸӷǲݵĳУҲǱҪֵġ
Ȼ֪ҲͲ˵ʲôˡǵħΧ϶ɣڸϹȥļ
ʵӷʲôʨѽУǻڵǱѽû
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͵ӷǷһɣ飬Ҫġ񽣣ȿסǼһ
£Ҫӷ磿
ǰӷ磬ʨһұҪִеʨˣǸʲôʲôȥȥͻأ


2631 ľصݣ
绹ͦģȻʮһ֮նɱƴţˣյĻѼˣѵΪʮмֵܵס߼ӵһĺĹɵĨɱȸɣ
ڰĽϵϣеĵо֮ȫȥʱ֮䣬ֻӣƴţ˸Χ
㣬ȻǳʱܹɾѽǸħû֣ǼǾͶԸˣ
ƴţվһʱһ˭Ҳ˲˭ˣһжֻǸ
ѣѵܲӷ粻Ǿֻˡ
ûȫô죿Ѿĸ׵ˣһҼĴ½δħȫˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ţСʲôʱôˣϻҪͰеıȫóɡʱǼΪѾ۷ɣҲҿǵΪһôľ硣
ҲǸ߼ѽɶȴ߼꽫赲ħ˭Ըˡ֮ǰħʱ򣬻үӸϹˣ򣬾綼
ţСӾ˵һɡôʱ䲻ôŮ˻ˡȫۼһ𣬲Ҫɢⱻơ
ǬҲȫ˹ȫɢɫĹâΪҼǿһҲȽ߼һ¡
ֻӶɢĹâֱڻƴţ˵γһƣƻںϽÿһ˵ڡ
ÿһŵԱȫҪҶʱǵֵˣ׼ˡ
ųôܶǲܡȻһģǾҪһȥѽ
ٷϻ˵ÿŵԱˣ˭ܹңǾܻŻȥҲŹǵġ
ƴţһʱ뱣סЩԱİȫȻսϣԱκˣҲģʲôȴᣬһڵог©ǾˣܵһһɡȻҲֻĴˣ
Щһϻ˵ûС˵˾׼ɡ
ڰлһºݣǿ֮佫ƴţڵΧγһ޴
Ĺ֮һ
ȸ˫ִӡǱð罻ˡ
ӣҶ֡
ʮмͽˡƴţ׼ͻΧ
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ȻľشӦˣʲôʱ֣Ǿ˵ģûκָӵ
ħڵϣ
յϵʱľؾʥ޼ȥӦһħʲôλãҳħڵλúֱӾ赲ħģϾӪ֮УΪǿľħֻҪܽħɹ赲ӷЩڶʱ֮ǲвġ
ȻľҲ֪ԼܻħĶ֣ҪľҲȻ뵽·
ڣħͲڽϵϣľطһʯͷ
һ磬ǼһɱҶ˷ҪҲһҺҲҪ̫ȥܹȥɣھܹȥԵֵ̫ǮˡƴţǼһǸԸޱȣǺúóԵͷҾ̫ԲԼˣ
ľķ䣬վ˻֮ϣӦŽϵϵĴսԵĺܣɣǸһϵûƵġ
ʲôˣ
ͻأľصһ飬ˣһɲǼ޷һ¡
һ˫۾֪ʱľصǿħľĵ
ôùɣ
ħ
ľû뵽ħڣħȻڣԼǵ˰˱Ѫùˣӷ綼ûϵǿУǿУħռBOSSȻԼˣ
Сӣ֮˵ûκιϵȰǱСɾֻߵˡ
ħգ£ֲľľ
ǿ⻹ħֻħ۶ѣȴѾǿȳ̶ȣ治֪ħȫʱôġ
ħħߣŲСɫɱְɣ
СӣٸһסΪҲ֪˭۵ĵӣľǰɡ
Ȼ֪˭Ǿ͸ܶôˡҪ֪ҿӵһʥ޼ģܿ죬ʨͻὫһʥ޼ң֮һ˵ħӦûĹհɡ
СӺеۣ֪飬ҲǳӷĶࡣİɣֻҪ㲻ϵұ֤ô
ľѽԼǴӦ˳ӷ˵ģڵãħû֣Ȼħѹסˣӣ뿪ģ
Сӣһôˣ֪ģǰΪҲĺܡ֪ӷ֮䲻ϡԸͶħ壬Ҿͱ֤õĻȥ
ħǲˣȷбõļֵȥĻҲᷴԡ
Ŷͬˣ
ͬ⣬Ϊʲôͬ⡣ֻͬȥ򣬶û˵Ҫħ塣
Сӣʲô˼
ҵ˼᲻ף˵ʱ̫ˣܶ飬Ѿǵԭ磬Ǹطɲǵħġ
û뵽ѽ۾Ȼ¶㡭
ħգ£ħҲһ䣬˵ܣǳ۵ĵӣҲܸй顣Сӣ㵽ʲôˣ
Ϊʲô˶ʸ񱻵ʨΪӵ𣿵ʨңΪҶħ̫˽ˣ
ʲô㡭
ûҸ㣬ͬһطȴͬһ塣
ľͻȻһֶֹصʥ޼һִδֹ
ϼ⡭ƣ
ħ˲ˣ񣬸еޱȵľȣʼ˵ϼ⣡ȻǾᣡ
˼ΪҴӦӷҪˣûʱȥ֮ǰʨˣƼصĻֱ׷ɱҲԲĶ֡
ľسħѹƣֱӳ˽ϵ
û뵽ѽǳҵϣۣû뵽Ȼôһ֡벻ǣ꾫ȻҴߣľأ֪ǾˣǳȴͶۻ£ѵ뱳ԼȲɣ
ҵ飬ͲħˣҵĴ㡣


2632 ȸΣ
ľظճϵͬʱħȻҲѾ˹ȴûֱϵȥǷħ۵ߡ
磬׳ʲô£ҸղŸоһʮϤ־еİ
ħССӣһѾ޴ߣΪ֮ǰѣħǵȴħħʲôģû뵽ħûͨǹأħ飬ʹħòԲŻʱͳȫġ
ɾڼ֮ǰħȴоһʮǿϤİħǲ˲ƶ֮˹
Ǿᣡ
ħһ仰ħֱɵۣ
ᣡôܣ岻类𣬵һʣôܻкڣ
ҲúܳԾղŵľϼǲģǵȷǾеһ츳ҳԾǣ֪Ǹĺ˭𣿡
ħħۣ˵Ѿ²⵽ʲôƵġ
رħ󲻵ħǲ˵ģħ֪ˣħ벻ġ
ľأ۵ͽܣ
ʲô۵ͽܣ͸ˡ뵱ħ֮壬ȫڽģкڣ֪Լݣôܻлһ𣬶һʦͽϵ
֪ԼݣҶԵһжʮɣǸľػǾҪԱ֮һΪľϼǳǿͲȡ
֪һУĸԸĸۻһ𡣴磬£⡣
ûҲ⣬Ǹľصǳ뵱ߴУӸ߹һ壬Ͳκ˵ͷսϱɽսһһܻκһ˵ͷġľز۵ͷˣڻܹȳӷˣǾ˵ǶҵͷˣǶԵͷˣ
ħ˼һ£˵ߴ壬ħ壬壬壬壬壬壬塣ǵĸ׺ڽļƻ֮£Ⱥ˾壬壬壬塣ȫľϼҪͬھȴھϼ֮ⷢǰ⵽͵Ϯ㣬ȫΪ̣ȴѾòˣĺȻ֪һУΪλҪͶڳ£Ҳ̫˵ȥ˰ɣ
ħ˵ҲˣΪħĺģ˵Ϊ˿ǻԪ磬ΪѪ³Ϊĳԭ򣬰ǻԪûȫʧ룬ģħҲзݵġ
˼˵Ǹľ˳۵ĹĶһеȫƵħͷϡľǸֻħ嵱ˣԲŻͶңħΪеģ
ܡôĺȷʵǸвϳۻһʥ޼һõеʥ޼Ͼϼ⣬Ǿͻǳ鷳ҵħ鱻ˣڲܳ֡ħϵȥ뾡һа취ľ
ħûаԥ˵Ͼȥˣã
ϣȸս磬һ֮սʮмƴţ˿ɲţҪɱһѪ·Ļᡣ
ʱκˣֻǰúˣһǱõԣǻƴţеԱöֻ֣Լ˵ڻеԱҲ˲ôˡ
ȸȻмˢӡȸһԴҲǲͬ졣ܿϧԴһֻһ֣ҺĹǰҲѡڣҾϼȥ
б¾ͷɡһĺĹΪͬûɱҡ

ȸܱ䡭ԭӿѪ
ȸһǿޱȵ⣬ϵʹ޾ĺڰ֮Уʱ֮䱻ǡ
ȸʹõľȻռܣúһռܣҲֻ˵ѣδȸùҲ֪һȸһУǻϾǱŸͬھԣÿȸһиʩչ
ȸס֣ûġ

ȸһϣסˣ뿪ˣͰ뵺
ȸ㲻ߣҲߡ
𷸺Ϳɽڣûաȫ˭ұȫ˳ȥ
Ҳܲôˣ޷ȸȴҲеȫ
ۺɫĹâֱϣʴ֮ɲǹ͵ȻħҲڲǿǾʴ֮ȽǵħɣȸѹͻС˵ͲҪռˡ
ʲô
û뵽ۺɫĹâסԼʱȻԼħˣɲ鷢

תͷҪĨɱȸܲܣ˫ֵķӡٴȸһռܣȫ
磬Ķҡаɡȸռͬ١
˿̵ĿȸޱȵѪҲޱȵĸ߹һɲǣȫΪһ⣬ȥһֻ޴ȸ˰֮У
Ҳһ˵ȸΣȸ㻹ƴɡ˼ûˡһƣ


2633 ·ˣ
޴ȸڿչ֣ϵȸһռܣҲʱʩչ˳
ΪȸһڲͬеļԴǷӡڵģνռܣͬ٣ǽеһȫһؼԭ֮ȫۼȸͬʱȸӡԴҲһʹãԴϳһԴؼԭǿȸһɱУռԴ
˵Դ˵ɱУȸǾԳܲסȸɵģҲ˵ȸһʩչ֮ҲǱɣνɱУνռܣڿȸһԣǸͬھֶΣûаĽң֡
ˣҲ˵ǺսŵȫԱʱ˿̶٣ڸϵʱ򣬰ɱоʱ򣬶ûʱ˵Ľţÿһ˶ȸڼε֮£Ϊ˵֮£Żʩչһеģһ˵Ϊʱ䣬ֻҪܽ赲ڶʱ֮ڣ˶л˳ϵ
ǿȸǺˣһ£ûȸһռܵȷǿޱȣΪǿһȴǵ񷶦ʱǸʱĿȸĲ񷶦ӵŲ񷶦ģһ񷶦˵ھű䣬۷ľ磬ܷӳ޿ƥеʱħħ壬񷶦ȸȳ̶ȵˣͬھĻˣ
Ŀȸǲ񷶦ѽҲ۷ľ磬ˣӵһĹģ֮һʣȸռܣܸ⣬ǲ
ѾΪһ壬֮䷭˺üԿȸռܣɱУ޿֣һ޴Ľٵ壬ȫĽ⣬Ҷ˷ǻĹ֮ĽȻǲµģڽⱬ֮Χˣڣȫ𿪣ܶˣܶħˣϾ·ɱԱȻգ֮䣬ͻΪС
ǺĹˣٶ˳ȥҵɱѽ
ƴţҲѾϢɱԼŸż֮һˣǺܶѾһξˣǸղһϾҪȫû
ȻһΪֵܹסأ˼ֻһҪɱƴţˣҲ׾֮£ĻҪħһ˾ԣѹһ֮ǰ˵ֻҪһˣӾˣɲڴţƵģ
ȸռܶûļֱӾͽȸѹסˣʱĿȸһ취ûУռܷ˻˵ôǿ󣬶ٻԼȥֵһӵİɣ֮£ȸҲֻܸż
磬Ķҡ
ȸ㻹浱Լǵ񷶦𡣾ʲôʸΪҵĶ֡ҹ
ӰһֱӾͳ˿ȸǰȸֻǰһˣֱӳ·׹䣡
˼ȸ뿪뿪ӣֱӳȸûļȸš
¡һϣըһ޴ĿӣڿϣЦûҪٸȥˡȫͳͳɱ
ԴԴϵĶ
ȸһˣһڿڵѪҲûʱȥܿȸ˸ǿˣħϵƴţڵĲ֮ʧҲӵʱ䣬֮󣬲֮Ϣǻƴţǣͽħˣ
̫ˣ춥סˡ
סҲҪҽȫһ𣬳һɱȥ
Щ֪ļһûˡɱɱɱ
ӰڿвͣƾӵһĺĹ޵еĴڣǻƴţһҲ
ʱ֮УһϼͻȻ֣ϼںڰĿУչֳһľ󣬺ѣһֻӵɫĶѣǺľһֻ޴ľѽ
磬Ҫ̫󣬵ͷ
ͻأϼֱӾͳһôܣǿԼһĺĹ˿Ҳ΢һ¡
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ϼһŵ㣬ֱӴӸ߿Уȥ
ƴţȫ̧ͷȥеҲʱֹͣ˹ΪϵħȻй
е˼飬ĵǺηʥһ֣ϼ⣬Ȼħйʲô
ϼ⣬Ƴħ

޴磬Ǿγɣɫ磬һʮֱϯϵ
ⲻܣ
ˣ˵һ
ƴţҲȫۼһ𣬶Ǿ飬ҲѾֳ
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̫񣬺ǵġ
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ľشڻƴţϷʯ֮ϣתͷǻʲôڲӣѵɡ
ľأѾʲô˼
ģӽǵģӷǷһ顣ٲߣħˣǾ߲ˡ
ħ
ѽľسϵʱ򣬾͸оħҲ˹ħڲҶϼˣħӵԾͽħ˹
Ȼ֪ԼǾᣬͶڳۻ£ħŹԼľ֪Ͻ뿪ĻԼž츳ϼ⣬Ҳǵֵסħģ֮ǰܴ֮ħѹħûκεķϾϼԭħħ˵ЧŰľһѵģľδӦӷˣڰԼҲ˽ȥ
һʲôܣħѾˣ
ľػ䣬ȫӣҲȫ
ӭħˡ
޴ĺɫ򣬳֮Уħɫ֮ڡ
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ħˣľǼһ̫ˡղ
ɵħǰ㱨
ţѾ֪ˡ˿ԲùܣľأԲɱ

ħ⻰ľѽԼ˭˭ˣѵúһˣأ˼ҲɱƴţˣҪɱԼ
Ҳѹ֣˭Լ¶أ
˵ˣȻħǣǾ˰ɡ
Сƴţ˵ٿľز˳ۣҲܹĿʲô٣ղŰһѣǾͲܶܡ
Ϲ˵ǵˣԸǿĵʱеʱ򣬵֮䣬ҲܳΪսѡľذһѣǾǲˣȻһȴѾ㹻ˡʱܣԼܵĻԺ˵Լˣˣûȥˣ


2634 ľ
ƴţϹ˵һҲȻľزһģǰǵˣҲ֮սʱľʲôӲľصΪζʲô٣죬ڸղţľسľصͻȻϵֹס磬ɵģȸѾǸˣ
ħͲܻƴţˣֻɱľأƴţʱ򲻹ľԼĻǱ˵Լˣ¾Ե˵ʸûˡ
жЩ鷽֪ΪǱҪȥƴţ˾
佣ĳֱָħ磬ҪκεķϻȻҪǾƴϰɣԼЩˣʲôʱη½սһһ䣬ܶκһ˵ġǿɲǶԣľظͲԼˣΪһˣ˶ܹȥƴǸͲֵáľظղŰһΣ˵һˣԼˣôһĻΪ˴֣ɻ᲻һеҪģ
Ҷ侲㣬ʱɲǽʲôʱȫǹǱ߸ôȥħ塣ǽҪ뿪ҪȥľԼܹȥΪȡʱɡ
ǣѾ˵ʲôľʲôˣȻǵģԵоʱǵսѡһƴţûжսѶܵϰߡĻڻӳȥ֮ȻỹľһģҲͲõȳȥˡ
ľظղʱѾ˵ĺˣ˵ģĿǳӷ˵ģ˵ǳӷǷľһ飬飬ͲҪӷȥˣƴţˣھͻľء
ƴţһ֪ߵغħСܶԿġϸӹӲҪǰ
ľҲԸѽԼˣҪ˾ȣľؿִܲ
ȻľҲ׼ҪħģһնûУľػɵܹ𣿴Ǻܼ򵥵ģľصΪ˵Բᡣ
ٷϻҪһ֣ˣħۼ˭Ҳֵס
Ϲȫðһͳħ硣
֪ļһ磬ЩϾͽˣȻǾһҲߡ
ǣħˡ
ħɲὫκε˼ڻƴţκһ˵ϣĿֻ꣬ľء
ľҲ֪ħΪʲôҪɱԼЦħʲô¾óɡ
¡һľȫⱬһʥ޼ʱ֮䣬סϵ
ᣬҳұ𣬷Ϊ衣ľأҾҪ˾ĸ
ĸʱѾˣ˵Щʲô𡣡
ôĴڣǸ޴вȻߴֻʣħˣҲ磬ͲҪĸ㣬ɡ
Ҫҵ񻹰첻ϼ⣬ұ
ৡ
ϡ
޴ϼֱӽħסˣ羫츳ħħ˵˵ģԾϼȥɢħħľصĵһ֡
ǿϼڱһ˲䣬γ˳ǧɢ⣬ʱ֮ͽħΧ
ÿһɢ⣬ɲ֮ۼȫµϼ⣬˷ʯ㣬ħ
ħԭΪľ־ĺᣬӵеľϼⲻܻǿ٣û뵽ڵľϼ⣬ħʵһѡ
ôܣȻӵľϼ⣬ⲻǾӵеģǵõ˾츳ǿҪǿ츳ǾͱŰĵǳۣҲﲻ㡣
ľЦħ뵽ʲôûУûио֮䣬һʶĸо
ʶ
ħɫʱ˾޴ת䣬ľʱ֪̼䷢˶ֱ仯ľص⻰Ҳ֤ħĲˡ
㲻Ǿĺᣬǵ꾫γԱ
ôʲôᣬľ̶ֳȵľϼ⣬ղŵĻ˵ǵĳԱͲںѽ
ѵڵʱ磬ħļƻ֮£ҴߣеĻôģǾԲܵѽǸ磬Ҳǵÿһ£ħǻᣬҲǵʮǵ֮£ħ֮⣬κһҴġ
㣬˭
ħľأľǿľصľϼ⣬ħеԶԸ
˭Լȥɡ֮ԻǴӦ˳ӷ˵ģǾͱȫȳȥ
ˣľϼɢҵħ⣬Ҳ첻
Ǿ㿴ʲôʲôʥ޼
۲Ŵһʥ޼㣬һûһʥ޼
Ҹ㣬ڣѾǸ߼ˣŲţڣڣҿʥ޼һһϵʥ޼㻹в㣬ҪЩ˾ߣǲġ
ʲôʱڣ
ľط𣬻⣬õһʥ޼츳ܿ͵˸߼Ӹ߼ֱӳôܣ
ӣ
ţħģһ˵ķ軰ħҲԲϡ
ڻƴţˣڻƴɱһѪ·ľظħǱôһѪ·ɱκ˶뿪
ħĲǵûߵĵزˡʱٲǵɫǻΪԼħ޵ǰɡ
ľ˫־ٹͷǺڰգ󺰵ʨ봫ʥ޼ɡ
ʥ޼ľѾõһ룬ڣȻٴѵھҪõеʥ޼ɡ
˲񷶦ģʽ֮⣬ɶǱεģһȫõӵ㹻֮󣬾Ϳ̼䵽۷塣
ľӵе˵ǲһԽеʥ޼ȫģҲٴһ֣ܳ͹ˣľزܳĻҲߵˣƴţˣҲȫľصĵڶ׼
ħȻ̧ͷһֻһ⣬ֱӳ˺ڰգľصϡ
ǿӦľڵʥ޼໥ֹ֮ʹľһǿޱȵֱӳ
䡭
ħǿĺ˺ü˵磬ħ۷壬ħеħ˵Ҳܣǣľڿʥ޼ȥģɾͲһˣ
۾Ȼ֮ʥ޼˹
ħ˫ֿٵĴӡҪȥֹľǱߵٶʵ̫죬֮ʥ޼գ֮䣬ȫںϽľصڣ


2635 
ԭΪоԴԴϳ岻ȥĻƴţˣʱȴܵһޱǿڱÿһţֻΪ̫ͻȻ̫֣»ƴţȫֹͣͻΧȫת̧ͷеľء
ͬʱеĵоҲȫһǿޱȵѹסˡĿǰλãм۷߼δ֣ǿҲû֣˵ǿľֻħˣʮӣѾǻƴţЩܹȥֵģȴҲΪͻûƴţ˿ٵš
գȻǳɱȥǣԴûƴţȫеһֲĸо
ôܣȻǡľǼһ
ʥ޼
Ѿ˷Ŀȸһʱ䷴Ӧ˹ǿȻʥ޼ˡ
ǣľزǸҶ˷磬һֻӵһʥ޼Ϊʲôʱʥ޼ѾԶԶһѽ
ԣ˽ʥ޼ľء
˽ʥ޼ľأ
ö룬ʥ޼ԭ˭ģ˶֪˵ʱ˽Ϊǿʥ޼ľصĻǶȻǳˣ
𣿡
ûֻһķ֮ʥ޼ľءУĲ񷶦ģʽ֮⣬ȫֱӱ͵ġõ㹻֮£Ϳֱӳ۷ˡȻľֻõ֮ʥ޼ǲܳ۷ģȴҲܡ
໥˿ȴҲܡ
ûľصΪ֪ӺʱʼѾ˸߼ľ磬Ҳǳ۰ģڵʱһʥ޼ľغ󣬻Ϊ˸߼ľ硣
ľؾȻֱ۷Ҳѽ֮ʥ޼Ҳ۷ȥѽ
뵱ʱĿūˣ۷ļ𣬽˲񷶦ʥ޼ųɹģľֻǵʥ޼ֻ֮Ϳ۷ȥҲ̫˰ɡ
ƴţ˲֪ľصݣǸ磬ߴ壬ûһ嶼ӵһر츳ͺñħ˵ɣеľһǿħǵħԻΪħκ׹ħӵеģһѪ츳츳ܶκεӰ죬ֻҪѪǿǱʣͻǿҲǳҵѪ
ھ壬ӵеǾϼ⣬һֶھĸ߰պûħħ˵ģľؾ˾ϼ⣬ֱ۷ľ磬ġ
˵ľزܳĻͬԼҪħĿҲԣҪɱľ飬ʥ޼ΪԼħһ󻼣Ͼħ˵ģһľصӷվһħûӹˣ뿪ǻԪ磬ȥɣĽ
ħˣľһ⣬Ȼ۷ֱӳСһ󼶱ѽ
ٷϻϽȫҵȽڵʥ޼Ƴ
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ʲôԼ𣬱Ƴľڵʥ޼ôѽʥ޼ǳ״ģľˣҪֱӱƳڵʥ޼ǾԲܵ顣
㶣϶֡
ҲҶʲôֱӺϡ
ľѾߴʥ޼֮ҲѾȫ˳
ԭδָ˵ҪʱȫܵģӷҲ첻ľΪгǱߵԼľϼ⣬ټʥ޼Ѿ㹻ȥˡ
Ҫ
СձΪʲôʱǿˣڰ
ƴţÿһ˶ڷ㶣һʱ֮䣬û֪ڸʲôħ֮ˣȫľصѹסˣκˣˣƴţɱȥҲ޷ƴţˡ
ͬʱڵھŴ½ӷɱūѹţֻҪūһǳӷɾͻɱӪġ
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磬֮飬óӷūǴΪԾ
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㲻ҪҾʵ֮ǰΪԭûȶ޷ҳڶ㡣ڣľؽʥʥ޼ڳ˿Ҳȥʵûѽ
ӷտʼʱû뵽㣬ڱūһѣӷ;
ȻľڳҲ˵ƴţʱǰȫģľǲʱȥģԶԸĽɫ˵ħҲʱľء
ûᣬڵȷõĻᣬľسҲûԭҲ˵ε֮󣬵ԭָ֮󣬳ӷ绹԰ȫһʵ
ūϷſҡ
á
ūҲĳӷɱȥӪõĻᣬӷŹˣǾɵˡ
ȫڳ⼯ϡҲϹȥ
ȥ
ūһǱߣȥӷ
ӷȴҲʱֱӽ˲񷶦
ڣپȫڴӷͻȻɷʵǲڳ
ǵģľǼһҰڰɷôۣڣǽס˵ˡ
ܺãǰ˸ҲպܽεĻü֮ǰѾԲ֮Ǿڵٽдȫͷųǿйǰ˵ڣԲ˱ȥȫ
ҽǸ˵һġ˼Ҳ˵һҶˣǲҲҪһ¡
ڲҪΪֱ׼űԤڡ
űҲԤڣ
û˱ű䶼СűԤҪȰ˱౶ʱȥ˷㱾ΪΪھűȶĻֻҪ񷶦ļȥˣ㻹ɣ
еҲ׼һ£űôȥԤʱҡȳȥ԰˱ȫʵ
ӷ磬ǧ̰ˣԭǧܶ´ãԤű䣬ȫʵΪҪġ
ģзִ磬ġ


2636 ȫ
⣬ȫϣΪ֮ǰĹϵȫ˺ܴһֵڳӷĴԼҲǧ֮ɣƺȴҪֻ࣬ʵ˵Ҫࡣ
ڣľ۸ʥ޼ϼڳʱҲǳӷõĻᡣ
֮ǰҪԭָ֮ūڶʹȫʵģڿΡ
ȽľسĻᣬȫʵһ׶Σԭָٰ֮ūڶ㣬ǸʱӷĴֿһʵãĴ£ӷŹӷ绹θ´εĻᣬԼΪҲһµģɼȻɷ˵űͬԤڣǾȽ׼еھűԤˣֻҪű֮ٴδȵű䣬űǸʱ򣬳ӷ㹻񷶦ҲѾߵľ磬ѵӷ绹ԼΪ𣬵Ǹʱ򣬳ӷͬҲԸһ˲۷ˡ
ֻԲԤѾ൱ˣûжɷӷ˱Ԥڶδôܵ˱ľ硣Ҳ˵˱űߵԤڻӵļѣɷѾһˣٰӷڶΣҲ˵űԤڣĲű䣬űȶһϵжҪӷԼˡ
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𶯣۵֮磬˳һѾʼˣҪ֮ǰūĸң·綼ѾΪһ壬һǣȫʱ֮¾Բֱ˴ˣ֮Ļ磬ȫʼһڻеʯͷʯĿʼ׹䣬ĺܶطǿƻܶС͵磬һ̣ȫ١
ӷվȫ֮ǰ˫һӣ󺰵Ҷ֪ǰɳ˾·ɱǰӪִһ˵ǲɵ񡣶ڣǵսѣǵֵܣȫӪ֮У˵Ǿһģ֪ھ·ɱпܻдҵڣѾɳԮһᰲȫĽǴġΪҪģȫʵŴҶѾоˣ𶯣ǿ˵ڳ磬ҲȥԮȾ·ɱ֮ˣڵӪ֮гǣҪҾʵȥ
ӷ翴ȫʵÿһ˵ﶼĵģȻӷѾɳԮһڳǾûʲôõˣʲôʲôħ磬ʵڳڵھŴ½ˣѾȫԵһУڣȫ˳ӷ磬ڵ֮ѵ˻ȥɳӷ
ϳ壬Ȼ˼վȫǰ棬ϳˣʱҲһ仰˵ȫڵȴųӷ硣
ڿʼҽԵС棬ȫҴὫȻһιҵڣҲʱ򣬽õȫԵС֮ڡ
⣬ӷ󺰵ȫ׼ģʽ
ȫڳƣһ󷨰㣬ÿһˣ֪ʲôλǶԼϾÿһ˵Ϊ·߸ͬվʲôλãֻԼŻ֪
ӷ˫ѾٹͷǿѾԴԴ϶ľسʱȻȵū˻Ҫǿ󣬱Ͼгۣʥ޼ϼģľصҲõģǿĳӷ綼ûйѽ
ڡ񷶦ְɡ
ӷֱӾͽ񷶦˳ǳӷν񷶦ʵ廽Ϊľǲκε⣬񷶦񷶦ӷ绹Ҫپǰˣ⻹֪ͨڵӪеĻƴţˣ˵ӷڵѹǳ󣬱ӷȴͬĴڣһСģ˶Σյġ
ı֮
ı֮ӷڲ˿ıİٲ֮ȫ˳
ʱ֮䣬ľسʱĴ󲿷ȫӷ˹ڵӪеľظе
ĳӷ磬ȻռҵıˣһôûУȻοҪˡ
ʱԳ߱кĻǳӷͲˣ֪ƴţ˵ɶľأľڳ֮Իƴţֲܣǵù˭ǳӷѽ
˿̣ƴţˣȫ˳ӷʶ
ˣľسʱϣѵãȫ
ƴţûһ˵ģڵоȫѹסˣʱȥҲõģľسȥգǾֻտˣ
ħɫԽѿľؾȻ˵ͳ汻ɹˣǸӵˡ
磬ʲô϶֡
ǣħˡ
һͬʱеȫеľص
Ȼг۵³޷뿪ųִƵڳ˵ҲСһׯġ
ħŸҪֻǺ֮ڣһֻ޴ʨӳ¡
໡
ʨŭ
ãǳۡ


2637 
ǿھŴ½ҲԶԶȳӷҪǿ࣬ȫʵ֮⣬ӷ绹ԴΪպĲűһȶĻ
񷶦Ѿӷ绽޴ⶦ·һ磬ڳϿա
ǧѾԵλѡãվãеϥģڿշģ̩ɽģҲ˯˵ġ֮ʱǧУʲôƵĶУŮ٣ŸܳܵҽתΪԼڸԵС浱У
ţѽˣ
ֻеһһζᾭֵ飬һ̣Ϊʵ۵ԭӿʱĸ֮죡
ˣҴӴˣ
ƨѾǸ߼ˡ
㻹߼أѾ۷ˡ
ҿ쿴ʢڳˡ
ǰĵľŴ֮еļ¶Сˣٶȣ߼ɣ۷ɡϳ壬ǵˣȻڳ۷֮ٿʼˡ
˵Ȼ棬ò˵óӷο񷶦Ҳȫ˳ıĲ֮ӷû˿أΪӷ֪ôõĻᣬʱеģһΣǾҪúõץסᣬˣһԭܳܵľ֮ϡ
ǧУǣȳΪֱ׷ӷ磬һĿնΪԭδָĹϵ٣ټϳӷĲ񷶦ɢ˵ʱΣգʱǵȻ޴ġ
ѾɹˡҼһѾǧҪ̫ࡣ
ӷУʵǿģ˿ū֮⣬ǿ߶ڵӪ֮СūȻǲģľǱ߳һöûСȻƲͬ˿̵ѾۼӴûһȥӣӦۼΪ֮һȥ
ϳ˼ѾɹÿһҲټһΪϳ˵ʵ࣬ʱǲȫ׷ǵġ
гӷڣֻҪϳŬʱڽ죬ûʲôǲܵġ
죬һ漣գ漣ͣӣӷȴľسϵĴ漣
˭˵ΪҹͣпȥģֻһΪؾ˼ˣڽʱգֻҪһ漣ĵǱܱ漣ӷ籾һ漣ȻȻҲͳ޷󵽵漣
񷶦űǵӷһľǲģӷҪģǸԼˣÿһˣϵ񣬽²е˵񣬲֮ڵģ֮ģֻҪ赲ҳҾ㡣
Դ֮⽫һبŲĴ˵ôģ·ܼѰɣĻشǣ򵥵ĺܣֻҪʶӷ磬Ϊӷֵ£ûߣֻǿߣֻ
Ȼؼʱ̣ӷҲǲ˿ɵģԼҪΪűԤڴ֮⣬Ҫͽ񷶦ڵپˣɶڵء
˫ַ·ϿյĲ񷶦㣬⣬лΪеļǧȥеģȴڳӷĿ֮£ֱӳ˲񷶦
ɷôۡ׼ãڴپ
ڣ񷶦ʼųӷͽ񷶦ת㣬˵忪ʼת˲֮ͣӿپ˵ڡ
ʼɡ
ɡ
мɡ
߼ɡ
ӷ磬԰ǰ˸ֱӳҪҪĶϾԭΪ̫ˡ

Ҫ񷶦ӷѽѾͷ󺰣ֹͣϢһ£õõȥġ
ڵãΪپ˵Ϊ̫ףղ񷶦ϲ֮Ҳֻܽپ߼ɶѣ߼ɣħİ˴ħɻԶأҪ֪ħ˲ڣÿһԱΪʵôħ˲ڵİ˴ħʵͬ۷Ĵѽ֮پˣҪ۷ʸպħ˴ħƥУǰĲ񷶦ǿһ֮Կħ壬һΣӷһ۷壬лħ塣
һ۷壬Ѿˣ֪Ҷ峤ֻ۷壬۱Ҳֻ۷ˣӷ粻ҪԼ۷壬Ҫһȫ۷壬Ѿǳˣ
ðɣȻ鶼ѾչزڵĳӷźüĲ񷶦ǰɷǰ첻飬ӷһҪ쵽첻ǸǰĶɷǾûˣһûУħʵôµĲǿ󣬰ܵģģǳӷ硣
ѾǶǿʱˣҪǿڲ֮أ
ľأӣֻһζԲˡ
ӷЦһ˵ʵڴľص⣬ʵ̫˵㣬Ͼľȥӷ˵ģɳӷȴؼʱ̣Ҫľصռ˹Ǽеļѽ
񷶦ת
ųӷһ£񷶦תһ룬ڣֱӶľڵλá
ٴ㱾յҰڱ㶥ţӦòģ˾ʱҪһˡ
˿̵ľػûгɹɹˣҲȻʧˡ
ӷҪץʱ䣬Բ񷶦ȥľرУ򣬸Ͳپۼͽ񷶦ġ
ա
񷶦ʱͬһ޴ľڵλãԴԴϵն
ڳľأʮ˷ܵģϾҪɹˣһ۷壬ƴţˣҲȫʱ֮ڣɹеԱҲȫ˸߼ɣ۷ɵľ磬̳ڱչصʮˣѾȫмľˣƴţ佣ϹҼҲȫмľ磬Ҳ˵ƴţˣȫĲˡ
Ͳһ̳ڱչعҲ佣Ϲңţм
û⡭ұм
ľؿŻƴţֵ⣬ǲˬ˵һȺ֪ռ˵Ļ쵰ѹֻӷһûһ⡣
ľػ䣬ƴţˣȫɹмҲ˵ͬʮ̳ڱչع֮⣬ƴţ佣ϹҼˣ̣輸ˣȫмľ磬ͬû֮ڵƤҲѾм˵ڳӷˣмģʮʮˡ
⣬˵Ŀȸ˻ᣬƺˣδƵϣҲڴ˿̳ɹƣֱӵ۷磡
ˣҲȸһֱӵ۷
ӷߣмʮʮ۷ϿūȫʵѾȫΪЧ
ǣӷԼȴЩΪ׵һȥˣ

ľʱһԭѾۼ˲ͻȻ֮俪ʼţйȫھŴ½Ǳӿȥ


2638 Ͼţ
ľش˿̲ǷŭһֿЦԼܿЦҲܰ׳գôŵͲȳӷأڵãӷͲ飬෴Լؼʱ̳ԼıͱһѵЦѵԼ׳ô
ӷ磬쵰ǲԲƬԶˣӳˣȴȡӵȫǰɣ
ľصʶֱھŴ½ͬʱӷʶҲ˹
𼤶ûõġҪҵĴʵɸոǵԶԶҪûİ취ֻܴˡ
ӷ˵˵ɣһ޹ؽҪƵģľزûѪ
׳գǲԲƬԶˣ㲻֪ħ綼𣬾ħҲڵ⣬ʱӵҪӳʱͻˣѵ뿴ͳͳ𣿡
ҲģѾõ֮ʥ޼һоһǰδټҰֵħǶʱ֮û취ġȱ𳳣ŮƵģôС
ѾʲôʱһѸӿĲ֮ӣѾСС
һһǷ飬պһỹġøҰ㣬߳⣬Ҳˣҽҵȫ񷶦Сһȥħɡ
вӣ֪ͲӦܹˡһ£ȱգϾҪɹˡҿӷ磬ӸƲ
ľںΣģӷǸһ仰Ҳ˵ˣͣա
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Сʱ֮󣬳ӷֱľ
ˣԽųˡľأҿɾ㣬ɹñӦ֪ҽʲô
үģ׼ű𣬾ű˲ôӵţһŪ㡣
ӷľأԼ飬Լȥڣӷ罫ȫͽ˲񷶦پˣҲڶɷ񷶦֮£ͬһʱ硣
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ƴţˣһмȫе
֮ǰǵɣԴԴϵĵоӦںˣƤڵмҲѾ󷨣˹Ÿų߸м۷ټϻѵȫѾмˣеԱȫмɣ߼ɣ۷ɵġ
˵ʵҪӪǼֱ׾ٵ顣
ֵܽǣɱѽھС汬ʱҲɱΧˣɱ죬ǽĵͳͳɱ⡣
ƴţмСȫ˳
һס˻ƴţ˵ɵˣΪооô𣿱ˣɼЩ߼ɶûأһǷɱȥɼǼ߼ȫϹֽоΧɱ֮С
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ղŹľصľػᷴˣȻش½˵
˵ûɼǿߣǿߣǼ߼ûȸѾ۷ˣ˭ܱ֤ħ᲻תǹԸԼˡ
ˣõʱٶһᣬһľһӷȣħԸԼˣǾԼȫ۷ҲûһܻŻȥ
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ڣСʱ֮ڣгһľףһֻֻʨӴ£ħ赲㵽ɽͷȥˣ±۵Уʵɳܲס۵κһ
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ħ塣ħ⣬ħȫ
ô֪ҵȫ֪ҵħ󷨣㵽ʲôˣ
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ľأأӦ뵽ԭ㡭Ͼţ
֪ҲϾҲŻָһʵ㣬ֻҪӳħ󷨣оϼʥ޼Ҳܽشġܿϧħת֮ħ󷨾ͳ覴ã©Ҳڣ㡣
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ħɫޱ䣬ľؾȻ֪Լ㣬ҲԼΪ֮£ԭΪ˻ǵһ֪ģû뵽ľ֪ˡ
Ҳѹ֣ʱħľŻӣ߾飬֮ΪϾŵأǶ֣ǲµĵˣľ֪ħ㣬ҲǺģϾͬһط
֪ҵ㣬ڵʵҲܶҵ˿вϾţɣʱɱ㣬죬עҪħ֮֡
Ǿ壬岻ͬ嶼һ֣ͬǾȴһ֡ƻ߾ȴǽ˺߾Ѫ㵱ʤңͬɱҡ
ҵˣĸףǺ飬ĸףȴ߾飬һֱصһӣ㣬ȴƫƫͼ̳ĸ׵ĴѪͳΪеĳӣȴڵھλĩλ֮ѹȴΪ屨𣬷תͶڳ£²ĻһǴӦ㣬ħ֮Ǿ壬߾飬Ϊʰɣ
ȻµˣҲûҪ㡣û۵ȷӦҵģҲŲɡ
ϾţҪ֪ڿħ󣬳۾ǿҲһˣǶӳӷ绹δǿӷ֮Ĺϵ˳ӡԸǣħԸ۵Ļ۴ӦһУħ壬ͬܰ쵽
ħ˵ħãһ˭أ
Ȼ˵Ҳû취ˡɡ
浱ɵѽ˵ô࣬Щ쵰һڣȫѾӳȥˣҲѾûҪӲƴħǾͺڰɡ
ܡͶħ壬Ͱ°ɡ
ϼ⣬赲ħѳɣ֮š
֮ڣκεˣ


2639 ħħ
ľ֮һڣж죬Ѿ磬ӵ֮ʥ޼оϼ⣬Ҫ۷״̬µħǻǲģԣľڱҪˣһȥľػ߳ӷ鷳ϾľѾ֪ħ㣬û˸ұ֤ľػ᲻Ὣħ߳ӷ硣
ħˣǲ׷𣿡
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ûõķۿߵķⶼˣ㻹ȥ׷㶪ˣҿɶ𡣡
ħܸܲ磬Ϊľ֪Ųȥ׷İɣĻ񲻵ڽҲ磬һѧҶҷѵĻһùģħ
֮ǰħľصĶԻΪ˫̫ǿγ
ħķӦͷԣǿԽľظƴţͳͳ׷ɱģȴȥ治֪λħЩʲô
㻹ڳӷǱߵʵѾȵߵʧСȥһ˶ˣȻ뾡һа취ӵȵӷ翪սʱߵʵȴ
ѽԼȥľռŶ½ӷռŵھŴ½˵ĵطΪĵطֻƺѵҪԼȥƺɣȲ˵ƺѾȫħҲȥܽȥѵҶԼȥĵ˶𣬹ƹȥˣͻزˡ
ȴҶ˵һ䣬Ψһģȥһһεʧ˶ˡ
뿪֮ħ۳ħǰ
磬ղҸǼһĶԻ㶼˰ɣ
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һ濴ȥңӣȴΪԼȻͶȫ֮˵£ܳʲôͷϾѾǳҵˣͶ£͵Ͷ£ûġ
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ţ˵ûԽԽΣˣǲġȻѾ֪ˣõģֻҪպܲȱݣܲһСھȥɣҵħ飬Ҳ뾡ָҵ壬ӷҲҶġ
ӷεľ·ɱѾʽ˵Ǹһˡ
νĻ㣬νΣΣᲢģɣľص֮£ڳӷĽ֮£ˣ֮ǰ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱʮˣɲջҲǳӷ֮ǰ벻ģ˶벻ġ
ȻһĽһĿʼڵھŴ½ĳӷѾӵ˶Ϣ·ɱʧУûȫûѾһܺõĳɼˣ̳ʮˣѾȫˣƴţˣһͬھŴ½ϣҲ˵ħǱߣû׷ɱһжܰȫ
ţ˵ɣֻ޷ȥִУӷԼִУҲһϵʤ񣬲űԤڡ
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ӷ粢ûн񷶦ԺʵϾپ˻棬ӷ粻ȥǣǰ˸յ磬ڶɷ񷶦İ֮£һĻǶԭָٴܴ¸ȶĻˣ
ȲűԤڿɲ˱䣬˵ģǸʱڰа㣬ڣһжҪԼκˣﲻġ
ǾֱӸңűԤڣ
ű䣬ǲ񷶦һ䣬Ҳѵһ䡣֪񷶦֮ףԣҪű䣬ͱһǰ
ʲôǰ
ۼ֮Ĺ֮֮޼֮֮֮
ӷһȫˡ
ɷ˵ɶΪǿѽһǡ

û񷶦֮ףҪű䣬ͱۼΪһ塣ȻֻҪһһͿˣǣġӵв֮Ĺ֮ԣ㻹ľصϵõһ޼֮ϵõһ֮Ҷϵõһ֮峤ϵõһ֮
ڸҿЦȲ˵ģҶ峤Ǳߵҵõĵ𣿿Ƕ̫ܰɡ
һҪǣֻҪǽɢˣҲ˵ҪҶ峤ֻ֣ҪˣĶ˵
ӷͷ鷳ɴˣҪű䣬治һѡ
һ¡˵߲ʽһֱҶϵģǵʱôõģֱӱ𣡡
ǵű䣬ҶɢģǸʱҲ֪űҪԣֻҪɢһǾͨ񷶦ϸӦҪܵõˡڣҶһѾ֪ؼ֪ԣǲɢһġ
˵˵û˵ɢҾҪֱӴȥˣҪƵҶԳ֣ƾʲô֣
ȥľǷ˵㶦ľƣ㲻ȥҲġ֮ǰ㻹һ¡
ʲôǰ
ǰһ˵һ£ħеħ顣Ǳڲ񷶦ħ飬ھű֮ǰȳ򣬵սʱ³ֻһħ鲻һв
ӷʵȻ㶼֪ħôãǶӦ뵽˳ħİ취ɣ
廹ϵˡħİ취ֻһǾǽħ񷶦ڵħ飬ǽõħȫҪ£ħǲܵģҶ򲻹ôܻħĶ֡
Ҳ˵ֻһħˣǣҲ򲻹ħѽ
ħʥǻһ𣡡
ʲô˼
ʲôطκһµķֱӵģضԭģԭ֪֪ʶУӦýɣħתΪŮӵħֻڻûлָѡħħҪŮָǰħس


2640 ƴţƨ
ɷ˵ҲûϾħתħʥ֮һħ㲻ħҲӦò̫ࡣ
ָǰ϶ɷı֤񷶦ڵħ飬ħ飬Ǳسġ
Ҫôܰﱬָǰأɲͬħǰļȫûеģûм֮£β֪ôȥָǰ
㣬ƶɷҲ񷣬ǲôۣ͸ˡ
ӣҪű䣬ɲǼ׵ѽھۼ֮ǰҪħڲ񷶦ڵħңӷ绹ģԼֳħ֮ǰڲ񷶦ڵħңĻԳӷǺܲġ
˵Сӣ֪ڵʲôĵĸûǸҪΪڱΪ񷶦ʱ򣬾㵽˲ű䣬ħҲûгֹŵһǣħԿ֮ǰħ鶼ûгֹҲ˵ڵħ飬ǱҪħʱӵµʱħġ
ɷ˵ڰ˴˵һҲûȥԸħħǲֵġϹţΪȥԸħħҲ˲񷶦ڵħ飬ϹŲûܽħıģ껹ܼһʱĻħҲǿˡӷ̾˿˵֮ǰǰ׸һΪھͿԿʼűԤˣû뵽Ҫ˶׼ܿʼ
ʵ»ҪԼԼжٶȼӿˣǲűٶҲͼӿˡˣӷ磬ȴɣűҲǼġ
ţȻţҲûˣھȥǣħʲô
˿̵ĳ⣬ѾһƬˣӷߵſڣ˫Ŷṳ̂ȥͱ޴Ļһѡ
Ļͦġ
ӷЦһ죬ǻƴţˣһɵͬʱԼڵֵܣھĵļսѣҲˡ
һ̤ƴţΧţڵǣѾΪӢۣܴӵӪŻǾӢۣˣǾʿ
λȸҽһ¡⼸λڵֵܽãԼļλսѡ
ƴţˣǬǸŸȫܣһͨǬÿһ˵ѽܶ񣬶ƴţ֮¡
λǲ֪սţүҵĻЩˡ
ʲôеꣿ֮ս˺ܶΪʲôӷ粻֪
ΪţүǶˣ⻰˵ģʮ˫۾ȫĵŻƴţ
ţүӢ£֪ʲôս͵ϮӪѾСĿеĴӢۣˣԺҪúùСѽ
ƨļһѾˣʲô磬ʲôطǧ򴩣ΨƨԶᴩġ
һͨƨĵţүͣĴЦþ
ƴţһôˣҲ̫˽⣬ֻҪǵˣ˭ǲ˽ƴţѽһУǴʱ˭Ҳв
˭㣬ھӪܺȾƵģ
ӷ粻֪ʱ˻ƴţ󣬴˿̣Ǭˣȫ˹
ӷ磬þòˡ
Ǭǰӷļһģĳ˺ܴ
ھŴ½ϣ˭֪ӷһôˣ֮ΪĽɫѽļ㶼ģĲͷ
ǣӷ粻ûı飬ЦıǬҪͬǬһ£֮󣬾һ֮ӵӵǬһˣ£ɽһһϾ⼸֮ĸ飬û˵ģڳӷԣ˵ǴСһ𳤴ҲΪ
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ǬҺ֪ڵǿһ㣬ɽǿһ㡣Ҹᣬдһ¡
ɽ˵ļһҲͬǷֲʤˡ
ǻһһǿġˣ£Ľ佣ȣˣ
˵һû佣УлҪһ¡
佣˵ʶһӵĽˡ
ԣ
ƴţе㲻Ծǰڳӷϴţ˵磬ɣȫԼôһ仯ҲûУ
ϻˣеȫˣԼһû
ǲ˵ǵΪȫ֮ϣֻǳǿɶм߼۷ˡ
˵ûǵΪ֮ϡ
ǻʲôȻҵΪ㻹ˣλӾ͸漸ɡ
ƴţ˵ҲûעѾվһѾ޴ĴӣʱҪȥ
㶯Կţү첻Ū㡣
ɡҶԹھҪС
ӷЦһ˵ˣҶôòˡĶǣɣǣǽȥ̡
⣬ӷҡҡͷ˵һһħҲ´Ⱦ
ӷ˫ִһӡʱ֮䣬رɫһǿĳ¡һˣȫʮվȽš
ƴţϣ΢΢ĺɢȥЩ˴ӵӪǱߴ΢ħħԽԽ󣬵ȫħ塣
ҿʲô磬㲻ǳΪʲôȴ֮ϡղŻҼ˰ѾȻ͵ˡ
˵ǲ񷶦Ѿ˲˱䣬Ϊʲô磬֮޵еĴڡҲ˵ҪڵӪмǸ磬ҲĶ֡
⻰ƴţƨƨߵСܵӷǰЦ磬ղž͵ҷ˸ƨǧȥѽ
һ˽СƢһµĻ㵱ҲνġϾ֮û֮֡
Ǵû˵ʲôħʲôħʲôħ壬٣ضٵġ
ƨĵĳӷܲ


2641 ѵģ
ڣֵܾףۣʱ򣬲ò˻֣ĹͬԵ֮飬ֵ֮壡
ǰĹϵٺãҲлҳʱħ壬ħ壬ǳӷ磬ǻƴţˣа̵иȫѾ׼λʵҲѾȥƴţȫѾмˣûȥӪڣҲѾмټ۷һԴ˵ʵ˵ħǱߵѾܿˣ˵滢൱ʽս֣ӷҲ̫ĵģΨһĵľħ
磬Ҹһ˵ѷЩȫ͵ľǱȥˣǲģ
ʵƵԭǣΪ˾Ȼƴţǣľس֣ԲŽ͹ȥģϾڳӷʱҲκãŵľǱߣЩ˶һͬĿ꣬ȴΪ˶Կħģɱӷ硣
ţǼҲֻ鷳ˣͲ˳ˮ飬ľӵ֡ȻΪҪǣΪľس־ǵǼһҲûʲô̫⣬ȫƽˡ
ǳ磬ûľڣЩˣɶǵĵѽÿһҲǱɱġȫһ𣬲͵ֱγһɶԸǸľѾ磬ӵʥ޼һͻȻϮǿɾ͵ùˣϾǸ½ǵھŴ½Ǻܽġ
ƴţ˵ҲûľǱߵò˵ǣǿûһʡ͵ĵƣһԵھŴ½Ļڳӷ׼ӭսħ֮£ٻ鷳ġ
ӷ統ʱľػ𣿺ȻǿᣬƻƴţҲѾһˣ
ѷǷŵľǱȥȻһ⡣ֻҵܲܳɣǾҪľصˡ
ӷ磬ľѾˣ˵һȷǰǣַ޳С˿ʲô鶼ɵĳġǬ˵
ҲģΪҲ򵥣ңЩڣ˭Ǿӵġ
ӷ仰˵ȥˡ
ȷǳӷ磬ǻƴţκһˣ˭˵ԼǾӵģ
Ĵ½֮УѾûоС֮ĴˣҪǸľӣҪǸյСˡȻľӣͻıȽ磬෴˵СˣĻãۣۣпȡʤ
˵ûҲòѽ
һҪģǻܽصľǱߡε֮ҾʵѾȵ෴ħǱߵʵȴǸǰӪǱӪΧȴ֪Ҳɱ˲ٵоħǾԲݵģҲµĲĻ취طпһЩԸǡ
ͨˣ¸ëѽɱ٣һȭͳǧĵ¡
ҲˣϮģٸһΣҲԲẬ
˼˵ħܻע⣿
Ҳҿ϶ȴҪԷһһħ⣬Ŀ꣬ǵͨˡһͨȫħû˿֮£ƾһħͽһʬ⣬ͬʬĴڣǸʱǸû취ȥǣΨһģǽȫɱ⡣
ӷȻз񣬵Էս˸Щͨˣһٻǻô룬Ժֽô۵ǱԵΪףÿ춼򣬹Ƴҷһ˽ʲôģõͨ޷һ棬֮ĵ磬Ǹͨ磬ǰӦû̫ģҲħ۵ʱΪǷһˣ
˵ӷ磬ҿҪɵפص磬Ǳ߿ɲܳκģϾǵˣȫڵ硣
ѾȥˣҳҷҲפڵ磬ĵס
ӷ˶٣˻ѣҪ˵ʲôȴֲ֪ôڡ
ѾǰǸƼҴСˣҲǸʶӷʱǸֻҪһ£ȥҳӷæڵҲܶһĴˡ
ӷԥı飬ʵʲô˵ɣô࣬ѵʲôҳܲס𣿡
ӷ˵ʲôʵǶ֪Ҳڲ̣ǻƴţǣûʸȥ˵£Ψһʸ˵ģֻгӷһˡ
ӷ磬£ǿɰﲻ㡣ԸС˵ɣȳȥˡ
Ҫ뿪ʱ򣬵ȷʺڡ
ҪҶԼˣҵŮǵŮʲôġ
Ů
һʵǲǱʲô£֮ǰƲ˵û𣬸үүһΪʲôֳˣ
Сѣȱţ鲢ûκ¡Ҳұ֤Ժ᲻£˵һҵȥҲ֪ʱЩ飬ң㣬ڳˣΪģ
û˵˶ĳǽŸģ
ΪһĸףŮֵǣֻĸ׵˲Ż֪ˣ޷ġ
𿴻ʲôʣӷҲʲôû˵ڻѵѾֿܣ
ƴţѵӣʵǿȥˣҪֱ˵ȴƸסˣ˵Ϊĸףֻ˵ˣ治ˣ
ƴţҲ˵Ǽӣʼ侲
ӷߵǰ˵ħ飬Ǽܻ̫ȴŵĸһħɡħ壬Ϊǿģħ˲ڸ˲ڵİ˴ħÿһ۷ʵңҲѾپ˽񷶦ǰ˸δԿ˴ħҪսħʥʥΪħħħãħΪ֣ħΪܣħΪá֪ڼ֮ǰħ֮ڷһڶⳡڶʥ֮һħģħ֪ʲôħܣܼпܸǻԪйأǾҪ뿪ħ壬ȴħ˴ħ˲ֹɱħħûгױɱת֮ڣͬʱħΪ׷ɱħҲתˣҲڵӪмǸССޡ
ӷ绰⣬Ѿһֲõĸоħħħ


2642 ͬ⣬Ӳ
˶ûȥѣرǻƴţǼľ̫ӵģû˻ȥѵĽԤƵǣǻѾµĽѾ˳ӷ绰е˼ȴһˣȥֱӵƵģ
ڳӷҲ˵ˣΪӷ֪Լ˵Ǹ𰸣Ǽ֮ǰҪһʱȥܣ½ֻĲ룬ǵʵ֮ǰҲҪʱȥܵģ
ڣǳѣ˵ڸʶӷʱΪӷĹϵѺܶҳӷæӵ飬Ҳҹӷæںܶ෽棬ѱӷҪЩҲȳӷҪһ㣬ĳӷ綼ѽ㣬֪ѵĽҪȳǿ٣
Сʱ˵˵̲̣æ̵ʱ򣬰СʱҲգۼĹ򣬵飬رԼԽֵʱСʱҲĵϣ
Сʱ֮ڣǳÿһ˵ĺѪְѾܱһֿˣ
ӷ̾˿˱۾ʱĻѣѾ׼ôӷҲûҪֳĬȥˣ
ǵŮħʥеħת
飡
ȻѾµ˴𰸣ɵӷ˵ʱѵģһ̣ͻȻֹͣ
ħʥħǿĵˣҲԼЩΪǿĵˡ
ħħħãڣȴԼӷŮʵȻӷ˵˿ڣǾǰٷ֮һʵıģ
Խ
ڵգʱÿһˣ»ѻᱩߣɻѲûбߣصһЦ˳
ôأ
ôѽôأܴʲôأ
νתѾһǰħڣҵŮұȳ˻̥Ů֮󣬾ڲͬⲻΪħתֻΪҵŮǳҵ
ѵĻУûдκεĲмκεĲκεĲ⡣෴ӵбŮеˡ
ǰ뱬ͨҸԸȡΪҸûԸǽ˸Ϊ˵ŮʱȥҲµľ׵·ڣһжѾΪ˶֣ܶඨ֣޷ıģȻ޷ıʵΪʲôȥأ
˻ⷬӷҲ
ûСѣ˵һҲûҪǿʱҸ֪ʱһʱ֮ڸ޷ܣ޷ȥԼһСʱ֮ڣһǵŮɱģֹ̳˵Ѿ޿ԭµĴ
̧ͷųӷ磬ûн飬һ鶼ûУ̸ӷǾйʽģɵڣӷһŮģȴǻѣ޷ݣڳӷԣԼǷѵʵ̫ˣڻʱԼûߣ
ĸףΪһĸףһӦ顣㣬ȻΪĸףȴͬʱ縺δ˵һҪԱ֣Ϊĸ׵ģһΪΣңͬҵΡǸʱ򣬲˭ֻҪҶҵŮеĵͲҴ򲻹ҲҵȥҵŮġ
Żƴţ˵ҵ׵ܵܣǱ׾˾ˡҪԱɱ֣Ҿɱ㡣
ٿ̣˵ҵĺýãҲİŮҪԱɱֵĻҾɱ㡣
ٿǬ£ɽˣ˵ǣħ壬˭ҶŮһͷҾ˲ħ񲻹ֻӦãҲ顣
󣬻ѿ˳ӷ磬ݺ˵㣬ҾͱǵŮһ¡
ûᣬȴĸ飬˵ÿ仰ÿһʱﶼǳʹȴ֪ʹҪܡ
㣬ˣǸûҪԱ˵ħתħתΣŮҵŮ˹ͷǶŽģôܻԱأ
ӷ˵Сѣţ˵û˭ԱġȴҪһǶҲ顣
˫ۿųӷ磬ʵҪŮʲô
ָǰħҪ׳ħ
ӷ˻һǻˣƴţ̵ˣȫ˼Ŀųӷ硣
ӷ磬ڿЦҪħҪħ壿ǲǷˣ˵
û裬Һѣ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ҲûΪħĻָǰħĻǣ磬ȫҪ
ʲô˼
ˣ磬ȫҪ
Կħ壬ӷ磬񷶦ʹôȴжͷȥˡ
磬һǷˡŶѽȻҪȥԿħ壡ûħתûλ񷶦Ը˵ˣʲôȥԸ
Ǳ룬Ҳû˵ҪȥԿħ壬ԸħֻҪһ£ǻ֪Ҳǹϵ⡣
⣿
ţǳ󡣡
ӷ罫˵˳ԭ֪ˣΪħģڣӷȻ˵ȻģֻǵħõڹħҲΪʲô֮ǰļ񷶦ܱĹؼڣҪԭ
Ȼڳ飬ӷҲˣЩˣӷͲҪκε˷飬ֻ佣֪֮⣬ӷǲκ֪ģ
ɣǳҵ棬ҲõҲ뿪ǻԪ磡
ǳ浱ʱʲôҲħħȴʵܽڵħĻǾͲܴħڣΨһܳǱصħ֮ħħȳȥҲ񷶦ڵħҲܽвű䡣ܽħħӲħǲʯͷԼŵɵ£Ȼħ巽û˻ңΨһܰңһ˵ģֻбˡԣҪָǰħҪħ
ƴţֲ˵ˣڣҲûȨȥδΪֻлѣʸȨȥδ
㣬˵仰ɡУǲСеĻ취
ӷ˵û취Ψһİ취СѣΪ˴ңΪ磬ΪֹħǻԪ磬£ͬҲͬ⣬㲻ͬ⣬ҾֻӲˣ
Ѹӷ˫ԣ˵ӲŮѽ
ûҵŮÿһˣҲҵֵܽѽǵˣǵļˣѵ뿴һȫħүүĸף˵ˣ˵ļˣڿɶأȥħѵ˶ʧʧȥ𣿡


2643 ǿߣ
òϣӷĻ˵ķǳеȻӷ粻һΪ˴ңˣʲôΪ磬ԼŮԼȫҵˣȻԼŮܰԼΪʲôһأǱָǰҲָǰļ䣬Ȼָܻǰļ͸ˣӷ绹ԴӱĿе֪ǰħ֪ܣ
СѣҲȥνĴ֣ΪЩҵĵӣҪģֻܹһҵ⣡
ӷھĵʱ̾Ͱӷеңڣӷ粻κԼеˣԼŮˣԣӷϣܹԼܹӦñָǰ
ѴӦӦָܻܲǰͲö֪ˣһ㣬Ҳֻħ˲Ż֪ɷ񷶦Ҳħһ֪ϾǰֻںĴսûκȥģ
һ£˵ʵԵĻĲӦѾûѡˣӷ˵ǰ㣬£ӦҲĴӦ㲻ӦҾֻӲˣʱڱ飬Ҳֻ㣬һж֪ʲôط֪
ԼѾ·ˣ˵ĻԼҲѾ˵ˣΪ˳ӷ˵ЩˣҲԼˣԼļڣѱҪӦҪӦϣѻҪһٰʮֵŬȥָǰ
ðɣȻ㻰Ѿ˵زҲӦҲģȻˣȥչ˱ħ
²У
Уӷ磬ʲô˼ԼŮѾӦħħˣѵչʸû𣿡
Ҳ˼ҵ˼˵Ҫ㣬ҲҪȫʵѾˣⲢʹӮЩ˵Уִ»Ŵ»ģֻ㣬ţǣƣɼˡŴ£ԺȥɶԴѵִ£ţһǲеģ˵ǰڵõľѧԺ޹Ҳ֪ǰͰˮִȥѵȫóʲôӦñҸɡ
ƴţһִȥѵȫóһôĽﶼ
СѣӸɹʱҲȴţִܶ࣬ѵȫĻһȽϷġ
·Ҳѽ
Сǰ֪ģԵսȴܳΪһõĽ̹١
ιӷ磬ʲô˼ǰɣϷ岻ˬ
壬Ӧ֪ҲǸ˼ÿһ˶иԵƣұ뽫ƷȷλϣƸūλðɣǾ͵Է٣
ȷӷеʲôǷھÿһڲͬϵǱҽ˷ŵʺλϣżЩˣǳӷһѡŵͬȷλ֮ŻȫĹ١
˵ʱӷżپһλãǺֻôأһƲһɥ
ô˵ĸ˵ˡͰ˼ȥɡҿɰѳ˵ǰ棬ħԳħԲˣ㣬Ҫ֤
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ƴţ˵ˣ磬һһ㿴ûá
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˵ţƴţɫݸ˳ӷ硣
ӷڸսӹɫʱȫһһ΢΢ħǺǿħųӷȫоܲǻƴţڵӪ죬в֮壬Ѿϰָо罫ⶫˣ
ô磬ⶫûã
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޴ıըڳʿ̳˽
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ӷԲ֮סˣ˵ղŵħըǺǿ󣬵ӷҲκħƻԼĳ
磬Ϊʲô
ղŵָоըʱĸо͸ҵʱ赲ħħĸоһġ˵ʱħ˸Ǽٵģоȴ١
ʲô˼ѽ
Ѿ֪ôﱬָǰˡȴ
ӷûаѻ˵꣬ÿһﶼ֪̣һΣգͬղŵıըǰΣգֻҪҵȷķղǰçײӦҲ̫⣡
ˣ˵ĻѾ˵ˡǵѾλƣȴǸ˽һȫСѸţҲȥ£Ǹ佣˶ȥæŵɡ
£ϻѽȥ˽ȫǺģӷΪʲôҪ£Ǹ佣˺һٸҲ򲻵һȥѽ
ʱ˭ֻȥʣȻӷҪȻġ
뿪ʵǹڽɣ
ǱһŮˣھĵʱΪҪ˼壬ܶ飬ܶ෽òװͿڣǲҪȥװˣ
Ϊýġµʦɽ佣ȻͲ˵ˣ˳ƵǣھҲ֮ƣڽ涼ѾźˣԣҪսγһ͵Ľ󡣡
󣿡
ûһĽϣûеĸˡ
佣˵ЦеˡبǽҪʮϲγɵġˣǵĽٸߣǿҲ֮γһ͵Ľѽ
ӷЦһ˵а취
û˵ҡа취ǡа취ѣǾ˵а취ˣԲǳӷ磬Ӳǵ󷨣ϾǵҪؾֲγɵģӵԭըҲһȥˡ
üģһ֣񷶦ڿ񷶦ͲһûУûУʱҲҪҴһһֻγɵĴͽ󣬳ӷûѽ
ֻȸһȽֺǾôȥϡ


2644 ٽУ
ڣپڿնÿһ˵һǿΧţǿȻǲ֮ɷ˲ͣĽ֮پ˵ڣȻֽĲ֮ɢػأʹپ˺ʹ࣬ȴҲûһ˽гûκȥѯΪʲôҪΪÿһ˶Ѿ֪Լϵصˣӷ罫Ըħ˴ħνԼ˵ļԼ˾ҪһеĽħ˴ħܣжôļ࣬һġ
Բ֮ϴС棬ʹǵСǿ󻯣
ӷپ˵ӣ֪ɷʲôˡ
νϴ裬ǽһиȫµģҽȫµĴڼǿҲ˵پ˵С治ڱ֮һ£ڵõ֮ǿ
ûֻ֮£ǲͣǿ
ʲôΣհɣ
ֻ˵ΣաȴΣաֻҪܹסǾͲκˡ
šܶסģҶǺġ
Сӣʱ׼ħ忪սܽʲôν²ʱһİɣ
֪ӷһôˣƽûµĻӷǲܽģʱҪԼ
ûҵȻˣطֲʲô羰ûܽǰæġ
ȻӷҪͲġ
ʱ򣬲ʲôҪֻҪܰĵģֱӿڰɡ
Ҫһ͵󷨣Ҫǰæ
󷨣ǸǵСӣǣǶֱȥˣûҪǰɡ
˵ˣҪģǴ͵󷨡ǵЩֻܶԸһЩͨǿߣҪģܶԸħִڵǿߡ
Ըħ󷨣Сӣʨ󿪿ѽ
֪ûУҲֱӸҪҪ˺һԶԸħĴͽ󣬶һֻɵĴͽ󣬲ܶһˡ
ɵĴͽ󣿳ӷ磬ЦɿˣȲ˵һ͵󷨣ʲô󷨣˵ҲҪʮ˵ǧɵģսϵĴ󷨣Ҫɵģȴ˵ҪһܶԸħĴ󷨣𣿡
򵥵ĻҾͲˡҲ֪߳үү֮⣬û˶Ըħүүһ룬һħ忪ս˭ȥħѽҪһ󷨣ʵɱħģסħģֻҪħǣס˾ͺðˡ
ȻҲ뵽⣬˵ʵҪ󷨣洴첻ˣҵĸ񷶦˵Ĵ񷶦лᡣ
ĸ񷶦ȥңҪҪǸģҪ񷶦ڲ֪ǱʲôطħʵǷѽ
˵СӣʵҪĻһ취һԡ
а취˵ѽа취һܣһܣˣǰѣ
ӷǲˬֱ˵ɣʲô취һԣ
νĽ˵ˣһ׽ΪˣʮȥһѧһУѧһʽڶԵеʱÿ˷ӳͬĽиõ˷ʤڣֻҪҵһΪǿĽһѧһѧһУʮУУʹõʱǾһˡ
㻹˵ǿĽҲûҪˡղ˵Ǵһ͵Ľ˼˵ҪǴһǿĽġ
ڽûо뷨ǣȥһ׽Ҳ㶨˵ĽĽȻ취⽣ǿһ£ҲĿǰΨһķˡ
ӷһ£˵Ҳûڽ̫˵Ŵ񷶦˳ӷý֮⣬İ˸ýġ
ɷʵڰ˴ʲô취ȥǿһ׽
ҪԸħĽһǰ첻ģֻǲ֮һҪΪǿĲ֮СҲıĲ֮ΪǿԶĺܡԣڿԽ𡯵ȥǿһ׽Ȼ׽ֻһȥִУӦÿڶʱ֮סħ
á𡯵𣿡
һ°ɣҲû취ˡӷС˵Ҳûܽħǣסһսͺʤġ
ӷ˵ͷ˵Ǻãھͳȥ佣׼һ׽֮ԡ𡯵ǿ׽˵꣬ӷҲϻֱ뿪á
佣˶ڳȴţҲ֪ӷһȥ񷶦취㽣ȥˣǲ֪ܸһʲô
ӷ֮佣ʵôˣ
ûУʱһֻǴһ⡣
ӷ罫˵ķ佣ˣ˵ҪԼóһ׽ҵ罣佣µĽһ˭Ľ˶ڶʱ֮ȫյġ
ԣÿóһнгٽУһȫµĽҽٽǿ֮Ǿ͸ʹԼĽظҪλ
佣໥һۣˣʹԼĽУȻټи໥ϣγһȫµĽ
ΣҲѽ
ˣǿûʱ˷ѡǾ͸óΪǿһгȻңٽ񷶦ٽиһ𣬲ҽǿ


2645 Խ챻ץ
ӷ󲻻ȥκһĵ飬һˣǱضдõġ
˵һѾ㹻ǵؾ䲻ʲôƻεķ˵ǺܴҲûؾֽйκεսΪؾֵĴڣֻ󷨵趨ܱ䣬֮ѣҲΪؾڵ󷨣ǳΪһ޷ȡĴڡ
˵˵ӷȫûҪȥˣڶսħħħʱǵ󷨣оԭըѾˡڵǿ£ţ˵ǵ֮ĳһǿΪڳӷߵʵѾȫڵо֮ˣӷûõģ
ħӷΨһĵһ˾ħʵ۷Ĵڣ취ѹסǳӷͺʤ㣬ȫҲڵһս⡣ԣս֮ǰӷͱ뽫е׼ãҲ˵ĴսڵھŴ½γɵʱѾʼˣΪһĴսУսǰĲ֣;ʤĹؼ
ҪѹסħǲܵģӷʱҲûһħԿǳӷò񷶦ھűߣһж̸ġȻָܻǰҲʵħһսڣָǰĻ˵ֻһ룬ӷҲֻʱ뵽˰취ѣûȫİգ
󷨣ΨһܶԸħѹħģҪɱ̫룬ֻҪܽħѹססǾѾ㹻ˡ
ȻԴ󲿷ֵľȥһħоҲεӦأԣӷٵȥסħ󷨣ȥסħɱģҲΪģһγɣҪܴ󹤷޸ģȲ˵ģͽ϶ԣѾǼ׵ˣǿݺ֮УôĽΪǿأ۵ЩɱУȻֻгӷãնνֻڳӷչֳǿ˵УҲ𲻵̫ã
佣ǣ£ǳӷнΪ֮߳ģ¾ǳ֮£ԣӷѡ佣˵ĸ߳־Ľȥһ͵Ľ
һСʱ֮佣ѾΪǿһٽиѡ˳ȫд˳ӷ硣
ڳӷ˵佣дЩǺǿ˵һ֮ͲκģȴǾޱȣ佣дЩиͲܹĵģ뽣֮ı仯֮ϣǶǽĴڣĽǰ񽣣ڵ佣й֮޲ġ
ǵĽѾдˣ㿴費Ҫ޸ģ
Ҫ޸ˣҪ޸ģҲǵˡϽ񷶦дٽһȫµĽٽǿ
ӷٴνãÿһ£ˣ֮ȥһɲҪͷһ鶼ûɣȵԼɱȥħɱʱһоѾ̫ˣ
پڲõķûκεĸı䣬ϾڵֻҪ㹻ĻپĻ˵ٶȾԻڻƴţ֮ϡ
Сӣɻǵһμ˻ġãǳãսľģʤϣ
Ѿ佣ˣÿдһнУһСھҪǣٽи϶ΪһΪһȫµĽˡ
ӷ磬֮ǰѾ˵ڽǸͲ̫Ҫǰ齨һȫµĽ˵н֮»࣬Ҳܱ֤л©ѽ
©һ˵ʲô󷨣©µģһҵ©ڣǾܺ׵
ڵĳӷͱѡٽУҪΣ˿ĵ飡
;Ŭɣϴһ׽ܱҪǿɡ
ȻˣǾ;ɡ
ôȿһӷٽУɵĵ˵ͷ˵Сһﻹ治ѽЩÿһжǳ˵ÿһеʩչһûУܽЩȫγһȫµĽټǿʱĽʮִģ¿֮ɱǧѽ
ɱǧɲҪ⽣ǶԸħģԣǾ𡯵ںϽȥСǳӷɱˣһĲ񷶦ħһսʱõĶһУҲ˵񷶦ɱУ񷶦ռܡ
ǿޱȵռܣ򲻵ѵʱǲõģӷ֮ǰûѧ𡱣ħû֣Ըˣ˵ħ
ڳӷȼ֮ħ֪С𡱵Ĵڣ׼ռÿһ񷶦Բͬķʽӳģ
Ҫãӷʵ
ǽЩнϳ˽֮ٽɡڿȥˡ
ҲҪ𣿡
ôģ㲻ĵĻҲԶٵһо
ʲôЦʲôˣܱȶɷ񷶦ĿɿģеĻǳӷҲͲҪôˣ
ãٽɡ
һʱ²ɣ֮һһȫµĽ
죿ʱǾ˵㣬ӷ̫Ļ¶ɷҲ첻ǺõĽ
졣ҪĸУҲΪ˼һ㱣աħ׾ˣǰæˡ
֮ڣ佣˵Ļϵȷ˵㣬ɳӷֲ˼ˣȻܼˣͼĶɡ
н磡
ӷҪڽ֮ڣٲһ磬˫صıգħҲ벻ġ
ʲô磬ܸϣסħأΨһһҲǳӷ뵽ĵһǲռ䡣
Բռ䣬һ磬뽣֮ڣӦþû̫ˡ
ȻΪ˱ӷ绹ڽ֮⣬¼Ϊ󷨣Щ֮ڣӵԭըҲˣҲǷֹǵȥ
Ӳ񷶦ڳʱӷȴڶһ޴Եʮֹ죬ӷһǿɱӱϮڳӷתʱȴûԼκˡ
ǳǳӷĵ̣ʲô˴󵨣ȻҴ˺һҲ֪
磡
ڽ֮ڲһ磬û뵽ճ񷶦ڳӷĳڲ˽磬絼κˣ޷
佣£ǡ

ͻȻ䣬һЦ漴ɢȥǰһĻóӷ羪ˡ
ڳӷǰһǿγɵ֮ڣȻһˣһŮˣһŮˣŮ˾ȻǡԽ죡


2646 峤
ӷɫʱ䣬Խ죬ӷĸףĻ쵰ѵħѾʼ𣿶һӵǱ߽Խץ˹ⲻֱͱӷĵ
ڹŵԽԲѣͬʱ佣ȫεڵأڳǿֹԴħ塣
ħ
Ȼħޱǿ󣬴ӵԽץ˹˵֪Ǳ½磬һ㶼û
ӷ磿
ͻأһϵϷ𣬳ӷ̧ͷһ˲䣬ǰһһӰֱӳ˳ӷǰ
һӷδߣ濴ȥ߰ʮӣ˵Ҳ˰ɡǣԲħ
쵰Ȼħȴӵǿħ֮⣬˭ӵǿħ
ӷ͵һת̺˼ѵǡħ
ԣħʵɻܻӲܽñ˵壬ħħû˿ôģĻͿԽñ˵ӷˣ
ħӲħǡ
ӷ籾Ѿ˺˼ڿ϶ǰ˲ħҲħ󣬳ӷ練һҲˣħħǽҪùˣԷץԼĸףԼͶˣ
㻹ûлشϷ⣡
߿ųӷ磬һ㶯ֵĴҲûУ˵ûӷ
ûҾǳӷ硣ǺˣȻҴҳ֪ôд𣿡
Ȼѹ־ħҪԳ֡ڣҶһµĻһģĸס
ߵĻóӷ粢ûнͻȻЦ˵ǻ治ǸӣϲֶͬΡΪв𣿡
ӷ絥һӣһɲֱ֮ƹߣĵطȻǡԽ챻ص
¡
һը𣬳ӷȻԽһˡ
Խ죿𣿳ӷܻ𣬿ܻɱԼĸЩһħ壬ҳӷɲ߱ĸ
һӰŪңģǲ̫˵㣡
ӰղеԽȻǸӰѹֳӷҶˣԭǸðġ
ģ
磬мģôȶĵѽߵݾ峤Ҳĸף۷壬Լˡ
ѽǸ˵ԽǼٵģǰ۷壬֮һ˿ɾԲǼٵѽħ֮ѽϾӵԼ
Ȼǳ۵ĶӡˣϷҲϻϷһ˰ɡ
һˣ
϶ǲ⣬ܵӷĵٵԽ죬гӷһˣôгӷɱѽ
ЦԶܵҸһˡǲǸˣҸħ壬Уиһˣ𣿡
㻹ѡҪɱĻѾǸˣˣȫҲûڲŲڰ˱䣬ű仹ԶĺܣҪϷԼԿϷ򲻶ԼҲвϷС
ȷԲ˱ȷǵв۷壬һУ̫ţ
ǾͲ԰ɡҲʶһ£峤ԼˣҶΡ
ҲûҶƾʲô˵Ļ㻹浱ǳ𣡳ӷ磬Ϸ㣬ȻղǸŮǼٵģ㲻ϷĻϷͿԸҸĹ
ԿôԸӦúҰôԸӦøҶҵĸףҰָͲȥʲôųɣһ̣͵
峤˫¶׹⣬ץԽ죬ӷ˵ǰ㣬Ͳҡȥ綯ԽԿƳϾͻܹɱ㣬۷壬Լˣڳ۵ǰҲֻħܸ棬ˣûǸʸ
ӷ磬Ϸûʱ˷ѡ˵һ飬Ϸһˡ
ӷЦһͻأı֮ȫ˳ռ䣬ҲѾ峤Χ
ʲôƨ磬ơ
顭
ֱӱӷı֮Ƴˣˣʱ֮ȫ˽ƴţͷ磬ʲô£
ڸʲô˶ˣȻûһֵġϽΧ
ӷֲɵ᲻֪ܶˣΧ峤ֻ·һǣӷʱû峤ϸеκεɱҲ˵϶ܹĿĵģΪɱˣҲ̫Ҫӷʲôġ
ʲôˣȻҴĲͷˡ
峤Ӱһڿն˵ӷ磬磬Ϸ㣬ʲôطӦҵĵ
䣬峤ֱʧ˵ǰ佣Ҳͬʱ˹
ղš
ʲô˵ˣ峤ʵѼʶˣ
ʲô峤ӣ͸ղϼһ
û
ʵӷ磬ΪʲôͻȻȴʲôû
Ҳ֪«ʲôҩ˵ĿʲôƵġ
᲻ҲҶһħ壬Ǻ
ܣ岻ҶңױħģҶ֮ԸȻǳﻮġ϶ʲôĿģһ²
ȥȥȥ
ȻȥˣʱҲôҲ֪㵽ʲôȥɡ
峤ĳ֣ǳӷ벻ģر϶ľٶóӷǶͷԣ
˵ҲҶһħ壬ǾͲܸħһѾħĲˣҪħ壬ǾҪħǱ߸뿪ѽһѣһģ硣
ӷ˿˵˵ɣһʲô¡
ͬʱ̳֮ڡ
ԶɽѾָɣǴڳԶɽߣɺڽһʲô㣬һֱûС
̳֮Ż򿪣ֻһߴ˽ϸһߣǸղųڳ峤Ϊʲô̳ܵˣҳԶɽʱȻһҲָԾһûµһ
ôһӣҲֵˡ
峤վڳԶɽǰԶɽҲѾ峤ԣ
ôһӣе
ԶɽҴһܶ飬ӦΪ֮ġ
ϷΪ֪ܶΪ첻ģԲŻϣܶ첻飬۷壬ܰĵ
Ҳ̫߹ҡħħֵܵǰʲô
ɱϾô˲һӣӦòɣ
в𣿳Զɽ֮䣬ûκεĽӴͻȻҹѵͲҶӲ𣿡
Ϸţ񷶦Ҳôġ£еִģϱץ˹ǿû˱סˡ
ˣϻϷѾгӷˣԸ˵һ᲻ġҲᰴ˵һЩܷܣͿĳˡ
峤˵ˣԶɽȴ̾˿˵棬ԭЩ飬ȻӦй¶ȥģӷʲô֪պȻԴڣҲֻ֮ܽڣһЩӷˣ壬Ŀǰʺϵģ


2647 ˵Ĺ£
ڶһ磬ӷվ˳⣬װķǳãһս¸汦鶼ѾϣţҵӷѾܾûùˣһҪر𣬳ӷҲ˵װϾԵ˵ؾǶԼأһӷǳס
磬Ҫȥ𣿡
ƴţһڱץһʵ
ȻԼҲȥĻ˵
һȥ̫Σˣһȥɡӣһϡ
ӣ
ƴţǷ꣬ǣĴ½Ҳ˵ĺͰֻǶ˼¾¡
ţҸһֻ۸ЩˣҿĴ½Щһ¶ûС
ĵù֪ӦôӵҩˣƽϻҪ
ѾˣȻӲˬƴţҲǸ˲ѽ
ˣǼоôӣˡ
κ˵ĵģڵҲûõģڳӷԣԼȥ峤ĻضһǿɾͲǰĿˣϾǳӷȲӵģ峤ûһɱܹҲɱ˵ģһ۷ǿߣ㲻ȥʱҪˡ
ˣҶȥԼɣõˣв񷶦壬һµġ
ƴţץȻӷҪһȥƴţЩ˽ӷҲȥǿǿҲûõġ
ӷ֮УȫѪʢһһǿϵս¸еȨҲԽԽǿˣҪֵסһūǰĽûġ
˿̣һƬɫǰﴦ֣ӷ˫ȥ峤ӦþǱˣɫƣڸӷָġ
ৡ
ӷ绯һ⣬գ֮䣬Ѿ֮ϡ
̤ƣȫѪѾ𽥵ĽƱɵѪƣΧûκεϢڣɼ˳ӷһ֮⣬Χûˡ
ʱڳӷΧĻӰͻ֣ЩӰӷϵĳ峤ĻӰ
ȻֶΣΪ峤۷ĳǿߡ˵бҪǰˣɡ
ӷɲϷģ峤Ҳڳӷ绰ͬʱ˳ӷǰ
ˣ
ϻ˾վǰûǹô
ӷ磬Ϊ˲Ҫ̫ˣ˵ҵǰǰǰȻһöʣϷʵ̫ˡңѵûмҽ𣿡
ǳȻмҽ̵ģĸףҸףүүû̹ңԴ˻Ҫ
ߺߣСе˼ǲĶ۹Ȼǳѽ
ˣ˵ϻİɣҷһĻҲֻ˵ǸˡÿһϷŹЩϷӦ֪ǲܱƻģûҪ۷ΪǰˣҲѾԶˡ
Ϸţ˵ûȷͬһϷ˵ϷˣѵͲ𣿡
˼Ϸѣǰ棬ڣֻϷԼȥκϷˡ
֮⣬еһУյУⳡϷĲ߻ˣƿȫ֣Ҫ˭˭Ҫ˭˭
ܴǻһ͵ˣǶӸħҲòϣΪ˴ҪǿĶࡣ˵㣬ȻһŭûУ̬ɲһܶġˣ̬̬ȶܺõķϣҲΪ㣬ҲˣȥԼ˼ˡ

峤һЦ˵˼㻹Ǹ˼ļһﰵҰ죬Ȼǿ̬ȺõķϷһǲҪлأ
ħҵĵˣȻҲĵˡڵǰҪ˵ʲôл֮Ļʲôֱ˵ɣ뵽Ҳħ˼ɣ
ħħ壬ϷֻħˣûʸϷ򡣵ȻȻҲǸħйأҲٴȥˣתҪ˵ġ
ŶǲҪңħʲôʲôΪ֪أ
ûҪģǹһζξʾףȴֱҾ׵Ĺ£
ӷûϵȥ
ǰһľ峤ħˣħ𣿻˵ԼѰĵġ
Ȼʧݵ£ӷȻ˼Ҷ˵ҪԼйħˣԼԸɵϵĻԵԼ̫СˣϾԼ˵ģڶԷѾӦԼˣԼ˵ʲôأ
ǰڵһ񷶦ɷ֮ǰİǰ򣬶磬һȺĴ½ҪӴϺü磬һΪ硣
峤˵Ǽ٣һǿԿ϶ģǾǣʲôطʲô磬ΪҪģûǾûʸΪǿߡ
峤ԳӷʱӷԴпһʹ࣬һ־һֻʹȴǻ֮У
ӷ绹ĳ峤У¶һ飬һ飬һݻɹ飡
һ¶ʱ˵Ļٷ֮ʮŶģ¶ʱ˵ٻĻǾǰٷ֮һˣˣǼ۾ۣͬӷ͵ġ
ӷţڵ峤˵κһٻÿһ仰֮ǰÿһ仰֮ÿһ仰ģ
ɣȻģ磬һȺ麽½ҪϺü磬ǸطǸʲôӣ
ڵʱУ߸壬壬Ϊ֪Ⱥһǳ壬ߴ֮ĵطҲ˵ߴûռݵĵط໥֮ûκεֻ밲ȥɸߴ֮ͽȻͬˣԣʤΪȴκεıƣÿһ̵ģҲΨһ̵ģԼߴֱΪ壬ħ壬壬壬壬壬໥֮䣬ΪͬһӴɣΪһ޴
⣬峤̾˿ƶӷҲһ仰˵峤һԣʶ˺ܾõƵġ
֮䣬ϣдֵսҲи֮սǸΪɸ۵Ĺ㳡ϣֻҪ˶㷢սͱҪܣǴӮҲûоܾȨʵ̫ǾԶɸ֮ۡĵɸ۹㳡ǿ߸ʿ̨ûʵߣԶܽǸ̨
֮ģ粻һǣǵЩɲһǣֻûаڰģȫߣӣҲ֪˶£Ҳûܼһʱ
峤˫ֱųӷ磬֮䣬ת䣬Ŀ£ı壬ĳƺ
ֱһ죬Ϊ̨ϣ˷һԵġ䣡


2648 糾
˾ͬ¶عѧϰ޷ԵĸΪԼĲˣ޷ĸǆ¶ֹĵ߶޷ĽģζÿÿڵʱΪŨңߵˣȫżͥů֮䣬֮ľۻᣬЩȴֻܶһڰĽ䣬ĬĬűᣬżһУ
峤֮ǰıڵķӦ֮ν۷壬ʵںܶʱҲֻһ΢ͨˣЩ㣬ܶ฻Ľ𿨣ʯԶòҪģ˵ǵĽǮԽԽͬʱҸ֮ԶȥԽǮȥȡһ£ȴѾΪĶˣ㣬ʵӷҲģǰڹ¶Ժʱ޸ĸȴĺ֣ܿǱħСҲǳ̹֮һеĹȫڳӷϣǮȨƣɵйȨ£ЩأڳӷõһеͬʱʧȥԭеĿ֣
峤ӦҲһģ۷壬ǿޱȣǳӷ˱Ķ֣Ϊ峤Ȼֻħһ֧ȴħǵȴڶ޷ָֻŵģ˵峤ħ˵һ֮µĴڣħ˴ħƽƽȴҲ¶ʹı񣬲ò˵£⣬õʲôͱҪʧȥʲôһʧȥΪĶ
磡
ԣ峤ļ磬Ǹ磬򡣵ӷҲĳ峤һֺݣҲⲻһ˵ĺݣĺޣ
ûˣһеһУȫûˡһ䡯ķչ磬ҲǴǱʱ𣬱޾ĺڰţ򣡡Ӿʾ׵磬ֻкڰо飬ӷǿ֪ģһʱ䣬ȴֻһѡ
һʱ䣬һһ˶ʵһƬڰǼǻصĴ¼ˣӷ֪磬׷ʲô£
Ǹ磬һɣȻǸΪ֤սϣָоҲǵеҸе㣡
ţǵģǸ磬ǳ޷ȥݵª֮䣬а֮䣬ܹ棬һ䡯ıһУıˣǳˣ峤񣡡
ӷʱɫȻһ䣬ĺǼҲȣȴ֪ΪΣ˵Ҳһԭ
壬˵ߴСһ峤ҲΪа֮ˡ
ʲôģаģôӷ֪ġ񡱵Ķպ෴ѽΪǿΪ壬ŹһΪʲôǸ磬ȫˣ
Ҳӷ֪壬ûĶԣ壬ڵģ֮Щν񣬸ΪԼаԼҽڰˣ޷ܱǿĴڣ޷ܱĴڣԣǾһ취˵ЩԼǿļһﶼаģȻ뾡һа취ȫԷһĪе⣬֮ڵһЩ
峤ڵ񣬳ӷ֪˵ÿһ仰ǳҲǱѾõĻǰû˵ڣҵһߵĶȻӷ粻֪ΪʲôԼ˵ɼȻԼǾͱضԵɵģ
һ˵۾ǸһģеĻ٣ͨ۾ȷıѧѧˣһ㣡ԣӷ粻ȥ峤˵ÿһ仰Ϊ˵ѾڵҲǰǸ硣
峤񣬵ҪǿԼǿΪ˱ԽԽգ⼸壬ûκһȥӴġʱĽ񣬻֮䣬ʱľ壬зصģǼΪֻعһַ壬ʧ޼ҿɹ飬ȴֱ֮һ졭
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ꣿͬɫǿ⣿
ӷġ顱һ£·뵽ʲôƵģ

ûǸʱ磬û֪ӺζȴӵŻһеսһʱһѵĽ٣ɺϵǣʱ峤񣬾ǵһõ֮ˡ
񣬵һõǽôӷѾˡ
˼壬ԼΧǵľӾ壬ҲǣϣȺ֮壡һ׷ƽ壬Ҳ˽ǲΪ˭֪һԽԸΪ˵磬ıţĽһѴ̵ʱÿһ˵ͷϣ
ΪյõǿĽ޷һսʱʧЧʹ岻һе׷ɱ塣ʱĽ֪ǿ£ãǣҪͱа֣֣һֱûвκϽΧħ塣
ӷ˵ħ
ǵģʱĽҵ˵ʱħ峤Ҳħħĸףħһ֪ʲôЭ飬ǣħ֣ɽڱıߣħȫħ忪ʼԶ壬Ľǣͳͳ𣬶ȴڹؼһսУһսס࣬ħ壬ȴأĵز
ӷЦһ˵е˼ħ壬ˡ
ǵġʱħ壬ħȷǱ壬ˡ屻֮󣬱ħĶԿ磬սʱ壬ȴսҴͶħ壬ħһ𣬶Կ壡
֪Ľôģ
Ľǣģȴħ壡
ʲô˼Ȼ屻ΪʲôĲħ壿
Ϊڽõ֮Ĳã͵֪˹һܣ֮һУҲΪܣǱǡǻԪ磡


2649 Ҵߣ
ǻԪ磬ǰǻԪ磬ΪʲôħʲôǻԪ糷˹ϵǻԪһôĵطӷǺ棬ԵĻӷ绹ϣǻԪܿӷĺ֮ˡҪǻԪ磬ҪȥӷѶûģ
峤˵⣬ٴ˱仯ĺǱһ㶼һ۷ĳǿߣ
Ϊ˰ǻԪ磬ɱ˶ˣ˶ˣѾǲ̫ˣħĴħǱõġ屻֮ħش֮󣬴ħɱ壬Ǹʱٵģħʵȴ֮ϣħǻķŭһһսľ춯أѾû֪ˣ˫ƽ֣
ƽ֣ӵôħĴħƽ֣ʹãôãӦѾٴʹ˰ɣ
˵ûʱֻҪħͽ磬ռǣȴҲʹ
Ϊʲô
ΪҪǻԪ磬ʹȥԸħĻǾû㹻ȥǻԪ硣ӽõĲãһУҪǻԪģôΪһħɵʱĴħҲϷŹ֮£ٸħһЭ飬ǾǡͬǻԪ硣ʱĽ񻹸ߴħҪǻԪ磬ΪԿ֮⣬ҪÿǻԪ޾ɱ¾ѪȣһѪΪ죬ܳɹǻԪ翪ʱ廹ǣΪסħҲǲħʧһ˫Ҫ󡣡
ʲôҪ󣿡
塭ȥ
ʲô
ӷѾΪ˾ţ־ţǲ˿ٵġ
񣬾ȻȥԼ壬ȻΪ˿ǻԪ磬壡
ڵı飬͸ĴħһģΪħ벻˺ݶΪ˴ﵽԼĿģȻȫ塣Ҳˣֽˣͳͳɱ⣬һѪΪ죬ǻԪ磬ҲΪʲôڵħҪԭҪʵǸĽһģһѪΪ졣
أǻԪ翪ûУ
ˣǿˣҲ֮ǰԼħһͬȥˡֻǲʮӵʱ䣬ħֲ֪Ϊʲôˣʱ˶ˣһϢֻʣ°ˡȴħҪãصѪס磬ɴħȴѾ˲Σһغħͼ̳˴ħλӣΪħ峤һõڰǻԪر֮
峤˵⣬˵Ĺ»Ѿˣǳӷʱ䣡
ǻԪһ˹ȥʮӾͻˣǸطһô磬ħĵһǿ߶ֲʮӡڣħҪΪ죬ǻԪ磬Ҳ˵ǻԪ翪󣬸ͲʲôˣħֻԼҪȥǻԪˣ
ûνΪħˣǶǺԶﴫġħĿģ֪ǻԪ絽һôĵطһôĵطɱĸ״ħ⣬ħҪһ£ǾҵΪħֻصǱѪծǽѾˣҲҪҵնɱ
峤ųӷ磬ʵڣӦ֪峤ʲô˰ɣ
һôˣղѾ˵ĺˡң֪֪ݣѾ֪ˡ
ţܺã֪˽ݣȻһҲԾҲó裬㻹
裿Ϊ裿ɱֺԼˣ˵ҿԸ㣬ٹ֣ǸңҲһϵûУ˵ճҲճϾҡ
Ҫ֪壬ȫճģЩˣȫɱ˽¡ǰǶôŽ񣬶ΪǴһƬɽȴϣɱǵģε峤
ӷЦһ˵壬ǳûκιϵΪǳңɽ뿪Ǹ֮ģҵȣʵԶܸı䣬Ȼеˣ٣ҲֲǾΪһѪѪڵĳҡ
峤Цһ˵Ȼ룬ϷҲûʲô˵ˡӷ磬Ժ·ôߣԼŰ졣Ϸٿڶ񡣡
һ˵ĺȻڵĳɽģҡҪ飬ҲһҪҪ飬ȴ첻껻ҵĻһħΪѪ죬ȫ̤밢ǻԪ磬ҲԲʮӾͱǸ硣ȻڶԣǻԪ磬ˣΪҲߵˣȫɼȻħҪΪѪ죬ҪΪѪ죬룬ҪǻԪ磬ħǵѪԶԶġ
峤ЦһǻԪ磬ħǿ߶ֲʮӣħҪȥҲġ
ˣ˵Ѿ˵ˣ֪ҲѾ֪ˡȻ㲻ԽΪǳҵĳ裬ӦòˣʱӭսħҲ˾Եġ
˵꣬峤Ҫתȥɳӷȴʵأ㣬ʲôˣ
ӷֲɵ峤ĪܹԼЩһԭģ
ôǾͲ²¿ҵʲôˣ
òǵҴ˰ɣ
壿ǳҵÿһˣ˵ҴˣңȴǡҿԸ㣬ľ壬壬壬壬ҴߡЩˣȫۼͬһ˵¡
ʲôȫҴߣڻͬһ˵£¿鷳ˣЩһﶼۼһ𣬺ҪĻǵĳ˭ɣң
ۼЩҴߵ˭
峤Цһ˵ʶǸľأǾҴߡ
˵仰峤ʧڳӷǰ

ӷһľؾȻ羫ҴߣѹʱһԼû
һ£Ҵ߶ۼͬһ˵£ľһôǸۼҴߵ񲻾ǡ


2650 Ϯ
峤Ѿȥʣ³ӷһ˴ƶ֮ϣ峤ѹ½֮󣬳ӷ綼ûȥʵҲҪģҪǣǸҴ˻һľ֮⣬ĸĸɾ峤˵ڳ۵£Ŀǰλãȷľֻľˡ
峤᲻֮һҴߣǵĻΪʲôħ壿ǵĻΪʲôҪԼ
ӷ˿ıȽ϶࣬ɲķ棬ӷ綼ԼλãԼʲôҪȥǸʲôǻԪ磬Ͳȥ룬ɲܳӷôԼҪȥ밢ǻԪ飬峤˵ĻһֱڳӷԺѾ˳ӷС
񣬴ħһ峤ҲԼҵĴˣħħĸףħһ峤ͬʱǻԪ磬ɲʮӵʱͻˣһ˻ģ˵ʲôѵһ˻Ե޹ʵ𣿾ͨҲѽοǵĽħ
ǸųưǻԪĵط״Ŷôµֵһôµĵطֻ᲻һ磿ǿߣֽǿһôĵز
˵ʵӷ绹ĺǸǻԪ磬ɳӷҲ֪ҪǰǸطͱ֮ѪΪǰģԼܲѧħǰ㣬磬ɱ˰ɣħǵǵѪȫģ
СӣöˣҲûá
ڳӷԼڿɻĲ񷶦ղ峤˵µʱҲȫˡ
磬ߴ壬ʲô뷨
û뷨Ѿȥ˵һûãΨһҪģӭսħ塣ӲҪȥ飬ԵħҪԵħ壬͵Ǵ硣
ɷ˵ǸǻԪ磬͸ûʸȥˣΪ񣬾ֹħǻԪ硣
ӷЦһʵʱһǿĵط᲻أ
ɷ񷶦׳ӷ绰е˼Ҳֻ̾˿
Сӣۿ㡣Ǳʱ򣬲ǵڶĲ񷶦ô۵ݣ񰢱ǻԪǿĵطȻġɱ˵ģҲֻ˵ʱÿһʱ򶼻᷸ҲĽ񣬾һʱ񣬵𽥳ʱȴһжѾ̫ˣȴò֮ǰĽŲһȥʲôħ֮ģΪĴڣһħ䣬ʹӵǵ˲ϵǿȥ
ӣһӣûȥǻԪˡϣҺᡣ
붼룬ԺлᣬҲȥһôĵطû֪ĽħжôǿӲֲ֪ʮӣܹȥǱֱɱġ
ǰ˵ĵӦ֪ɡ˭ܱ֤Ժ᲻һţ̶һ֮ھͳԽңԽء
ҲԺ飬˵ڽĳһ죬ǻԪ粻ҪκȥǱߵǿԼܹˡҪʲôӦȥʲôҪֻһ£ǾǡֹħǻԪ硣
ӷЦһ˵ҷħȥأ
ʲôСӣ𣿡
˵˵ѡܼ֤һ°ǻԪĿҲͻ᳢ȥӴһǸطǿߡ
ӷı飬öɷ˶ӷڵôġ
ʱ仹磬Ȳȥˡȥħʵɡ
ѽħʵ壬ǸϹѹµޣţħʵޡ
ৡ
һ⣬ٳϷȥ
ѾûһˣںĴ뿪֮Ѿˣûħ֮ǰҲܻصûǸΪֹ
طԭĵطһжѾ˷츲صĸı䡣ǰ棬ˣɷôۣĵһŴУǲҪ
ħڶûʵȴ֮¡

һ֣һӰڳӷϷ
Ϊڰ˴Ĳ񷶦ɵԽĲѽħ涼û죬պþͼʶһħ׳һʲôӡ
ⲻħʵ仯ޣӣ뿴ħӣǹƻҪһʱ䣬ħ֮󣬻ߵħг֮ʱ
ħԼ֣ҪĿսˡ۷״̬µħһδָħǿ֮ġ
Ҫ򣬾ʹȫģ۷״̬µģƨŲ
Сӣʲôʱ˴ˣĻӦô˵ѽ
ʱıһˣҵ䲻󣬵ȴ١ڣѵһˣ˵һ໰Ѿܲˣҵҿаɡ
Ȼϲ񷶼ˣǱҲֿɡ
ô֣һĶѽ
濴ɣôÿģѾˣҪҿĻֻ뿴ɱħһĻĳʵһȤҲûС
ɣʱǲΣյģħҲɵʵ崦ͱ˷ˡ
ӷȥѾжûˣӷԼˣԴӾĿʼڣһ죬ӷ˯ȾģǵǸ֮󣬾½˺Ĵ½һϵеǱˣͶסˡ
˵ʵķ羰ͦġǰҲϲ羰Ҳϲɽˮֻһ˱ɢɽˮǾҸˣֻЩڸȴϲû¡
˵ѽǵôһ仰䱾£ӹ֮ЩĻ֪һɽˮ磬ǶȱͬѪΪѽֵʱĳЩ֪ĵط֪ˣȴ֪ģǲ֪ĵչս
ĵ磬ҲѾⳡӭħ֮սѽһֱڵģĶҵļ˶֣ǲļȥأ峤Ҿ룬˳ǲҪʲôħѾԵǱߣҵļɱģ

ɷҲ˳վڳӷԱߡ
㲻ǲ𣡡
ţһ£ǲǺˣ
ʲô£
ղ峤˵ʲôšǸм壿
߸ѽ
ԣߴ֮⣬бġ
壬塣
ӷ磬ǲǻһ£˵һϸڡ
ʲôϸڣ
ϳ飬ʲô£
ϣûʲôѽʹţǼңҪ
ӷ͵һŶɷɷ˵ͷ˵
Ҫ£ϻȥ
زȥˡ
ôȳӷһתȴһǿʮ˱Ͳʵ壬һ𣬻Ӱֱʧص˲񷶦
ãǽ硣
ӷ磬ͽ֮֮
磬ˣ


2651 
ڣƴţȫۼһ𣬰սУһųҲۼһųɢ˳Χڵ˳ȥҲΪ⣬ȫΧɰΧģȴǵˣǡӣ
кɫĳӣѾסˣӵҲһģģģӵģϵģ֮ڼƵĳӣһ㣬ңЩӻͨĳӣÿһֻӶӵŲͬӵŲͬǿ
ΪµǣЩӾȻȫо綾綾Ͳ˵ˣ˵Ϊ˵ǿԽ綾ѹģ˺綾Ƴ⡣ǣЩӳо綾֮⣬ȻСħûħħ
ԣЩӣȫǵˣȫħɹģħһسѽӷ͵ϮһأҲҪ͵Ϯӷһأӷߵÿһų׼ˣֻûĵħȻûɵģȻһЩûмĶ棡
ħ˲ãȻó档ѹϱҧһͨأһ޷ЩӸɢһˣ˶ֻ˹컹Ϊ̫ۻˣû뵽Щħѽ
ϿɲǻƴţϹǼҲӸҧˣֻǵʱûκһ˻ȥ⼸ֻӣΪǺ顣ϣЩӾѾǱ˵ھŴ½֮ûж֣ΪгӷڣӷĲ̼֮佫ЩӸ죬ӷȥˣЩӾͳᣬԳչ˽
;鲻ô򵥣峤ܹȴûǶ֣ԭħĹע⣬뽫ӷǽбġ
ǬϵĲΧĳӣЩȫԴԴϣôȶȲ꣬һȲġ
ڸô죿ԽԽˣǸû취ҡ
Ϲһû˵꣬ͻȻԼؿһĴʹϹ̺˼˫ְؿڣɫʱͿʼڡ
Ϲңôˣ
ӦжˣЩӡţǼҧģԭסС棬ЩֱǵСġ
ʲôѽȻС棬治ħģݶѽ
ħĳӿ˵С棬ɲӷ߾ûöˣ㵥ö治̫ЩӵĶ磬˵Ǳʹž綾أһ֮Ϊаľ綾Ρ

ֻһа⣬ϹҵǰϹҵǰһ·ʹϹǰĳȫԽͬǳ˿
۱ȶǰɡǵĶǱ۵Ķǿ
аۣûϹǰһ·ģаۣа۸ʨжȫǰսŵųаۣҲȥںЩνˣȻɱҶħˣħˣѾħħ壬аҲծħ壬ħͷϣһУħס
а۵Ѫ֮Ϊаģʱڵķӡа۵Ѫܽ⿪ڣа۵ҲѾˣȻһξ룬ô̵ʱڣһ߸嵽Ⱦ磬Ҳ˳ӷ硣
ʲô˰Լʲô˺ԼаۺЩӣħģаȻ˿һֵ⣬ԼϻһӣѪֱ˳ңа۵ѪȳޱȣһΧܶȫ˿ûκһ˸ȥа۵ģ
ǹò˻ˣ
ǣǻûЩӶҪѪѬˣ
ܶ˶аڵЩӵ֮£ҪţͷļһųѪ˭ܵѽ
ǣа۲ûκһķǹЦ˵лۡ
л㣿ڿʲôЦǸǻҪл㣬ѵļѽ
佣ʶ֮ǿκһ˶ûӦ֮ǰѾʲôԾ
Χĳӣȫʼ⳷룬ûеĳӣȫ泷ˣûһֻģͺǸоʲôΣհ㣬òˡ
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˵а۵ѪѪΪаģЩǾ綾ޱȣħа۵Ѫһų͵ԶˣЩҲη壬ǲòˡ
û뵽һѪܾȴҡħѽħһأָ㵹ùʱˡ
Ϲң
⻹𣬵ȻǽЩĳȫ
ΪĻ𣿸ղŴҶˣЩӺһܻ֮֮ǰǿˣȴǸΪЩӲܸϹһԡһǴʲôֻ֪Ҫ˽⵽а취Ըˡ
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ǰһǳǵĶ߿һǶĻ
ڷڣ̣˵ЩڷڵġϷ嶼˼˵ڣڷʧȻᷢЩӵϣҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ǵڷڸ಻һֻΣǰһڷڳһҺ壬ͬʱҺͬԼ˵Ǿ͵֮ǰһѣѾǱһγɵģΪڶǣ͸һļˡ
ԭȻ֪ôģǾͺðˡֻҪǷ֮ǰ߽ǵķ𡣡
Ƕˣղŵķٶ̫죬ǿģͿǵķҲ˵ĳǷǳСģСһŲȥͬȿ㡣
ô鷳ھ֪ôģҲû취ѽĶô𡣡
佣ӦܸоĵǾֻ佣ʶˡȻ˭ʶǿģȫʶȥоڳĳѣо֮󣬲Ҫ֣ԪأȫΪ㶯֣ҲĴС
˵꣬ʮӵԪصļһȫվ˳ͬʱ佣еĳһָָ֮ȫɢ˿
мֻûļȥϽǸط⡣
ԪصļһշųԪأ佣ָĵط⣬Ҫȥϣ̵ŲȻȫ˽
ĹֳѽȻģڱˣ¿ɶ˶Ѽȥˡ
˳ȺӿһţȫܽǾûзˣ·ûˣ


2652 Ůˣ
˵ھ֮Ȼ࣬ڵҲóȫѽЩ޷˽ȫ棬ʱûΣյģֻȫо綾һʱڲⶾȫһغ
ѾЩӵ㣬ţ˵ɣֻҪôģһоͺðˡ˭ĵЩӾȻ˴һֵȫ˽һһĻ̵ҪʱɱȥһãͻᲨԼ˵ģЩѳֵĵطȫͻͬԼһ⣬ΪӼȻˣǺǵĳѻʲôطѾȻˣЩϣ
Ļ쵰
ϹҴŭһĻʢмʵΧˣȫ˿
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ϹҹܲôˣֱɱȥˣûпܱЩƣʵ˵ģܶ˶Ѿվһȫʧȥֱһȫڳ
ǺǱӸסˣÿһ˵˫Уһֻӡ
Ҳ̫˵ɣӾȻ壬һ˫֮Уһһģĳӣѡж֮Ϊ֮壬ԴĳӣȥһˣڼƵĳӣж֮ȫסˣһҪȫǾͱͬԼһɱ
̲ͬɱԼˣûļ˵ϹѾˣ̫ȭǿ棬ֱӳ˳ڵſڣȴһɫϣȻϹҵ̫ȭֵ
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Ϲɫޱ䣬󺰵˿

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ļһȻܽҵĻǡƣǣɣǿ˵˵ڸô죿
취ʱҲû뵽ϾĳӣǴδӴģҪʱȥҳԸǵķղ̺òҳˣɸȥӦЩҲǳصȻԸǵİ취֮ʱķй
Ҳû취ЩѾħģǣ֮Ÿûд򿪣Щôģ
ѽųѹסħ޷򿪣ôЩӣôħģǲһֱ֮ڣǵĻܵڲųѽ
ӣ֮ţӦûͨģֻǸͨħĴǹģֳֻӲܹ
ڱϻˣϽ취ѽ
ϹҴһղŵĹ˻ʲôĻǾڵˣ
ܲôˣһΡ
ҪϹңûõġ
ҪȥֹϹңϹҵĻٴηһΣ˶벻ǣϹҵĻյſʱȻޱǿ󣬻ĳȣҲԳܵģһڲͣǿУϹԼ޷ԼȥĻ棬ΪʲôͻȻǿˡ

ڵſڿʼӿһֱûڵڵĿūȸˣҲʱ򣬴ӵɱһѪ·ֱӳ˽һ۷ͲȥǲԼˣȻѾסˣǾͲԼˣԣκε飬ֱɱ
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˿ſūһ˵ֵסĽɸղŵĻ棬Ȼڲͣǿ
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ûκιϵѵûоһָͲǵҲǿĻ档
ȸĻ̵˴󾪣һصڣһǿϹҵĻ棿ʲôˣǺηʥ
ū˿˫ִӡʱڵſڣγһ磬漴
Щ̫죬ɱġҲԽʱǸסֻгĲ֮ܽǳڱҪ˳ȥ֪ͨС
˵Ȼħַ͵Ϯǣһ֪ڣʱôҲµĲĻҲǣסˣͻزġ
ȻˣǾֻܿǸˡѣˣȻְǣͲǵĵˣɡ
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ʱϹĻ棬Ѿǿһĳ̶ȣ¡һ˾޴ǵȳȣϹұǳܲסġ
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ԣ˱ҵҪǿĶ࣬ң֮лһַǳҴδģָйϵġ
˶̧ͷϷĻˣֻǻ˵ؿڣһ⣬ǽͬǻ棬һֻΪǿһ档
ɫĻ棬ֻˣǽɫĻסġ
쿴ǽɫĻ濪ʼ仯ˣ˰ɫĻ档
ֱˣɫĻ档
ʮɫı仯ѽѾȫͨĺɫ棬ңֻ˵Ȼ֮ǰִ˺ü
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Ů˴ӷӦ˵ǷֱӳȥŮȴûжŷ˳⣬ŮԭزˣȫŮˡ
ȫĻ棬·һž޴Ļγɵġֻ漴̣֮ʧһŮ˳ˣ
ŮϴŻɫ¶˺󱳣ĺϣһֻɫķǳռ󱳣
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˶ڹעͻȻֵİŮʱ⣬һǿıըֻȥķˣѾը˿
һ޴Ũڵ⳯˷ɢ·һ屬ը˳⣬淽԰֮أΪƽأ


2653 ˽ս
Ǳ߷չôҲ˵棬Ӹ߶Ӿѽӷ籾ῴħʵ壬Ҳɽˮһû뵽ħʵûɽˮҲûγɣ鷳ˣ
ӣѾ˳ӷǰ˿̵ĳӷ·ûˣ·Ψһ·Ѿһӷʱʱȥƽ磬һƽ磬ԼӾͻ̶֣ӷɲ˿Ļᡣ
ϵˡ峤ǹġǱһʲô¡
ԣ峤ûҪʲôĻͿԶˣûҪô鷳
һ˵û峤ʵ˵Ҫħɱһ˸׾ٵ飬첢ûжκˣԼ棬֤峤ûϵӦħСӹġ
˵꣬ô˵ûҪӲ취ȥ˵ħȻѾˣǾͲֻһƳǱһʲô¡
ô۸˵꣬ӷˣڵȷûҪӲ֪һ˴˸ӹ⣬ûֶΣڶԵһϸû֮ǰӷҶġ
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ӷµĵȷûħȷҪҲѾˡֻûطȥˣڳ֮⣬ֻҶҵƺ򣬳ӷĵھŴ½ľصĶ½ˣԣɴħӧֱ͵Ϯӷ磬ֱӴӳӷ߸ȥħҲͬˣɳ˳һͬǰھŴ½
ֻ絽֮û뵽ӷ粻֪ΪΣȻûĴһҲûĸҹӷ磬ԣδʱ˳ӷ磬Ȼ˺õĻᣬڵȴһʱʱֱ͵ϮԼʹӣȴǱһӷ
ʵ˵ˣӷĿĲΪɱӷ磬Ϊףʵɱ˳ӷ磬ɱ𷴹ӷɱˣǿͿѼȥˡ
ֻҪӷסس巽ͿסӷһȫˣָħǱߵͬʱԳӷɫħһܸ˵ġ
һУܲȫ뷨аɣӷͲˣǷǱ粻ɡ
磬û뵽ȻʱܹˣҾǰµ
ӷ磬ҵȻ˵ĻΪһ֮ɱ𣿾Ҳɱ㣬ôңض㡣
Ѿȫص˲񷶦ʱ򣬾ͳӷһԼǵӡ
ҡû´ĻҳǱߣӦѾ˰ɣ

һЦͻأڳķһ޴ıը𣬹Ụ̃ӳǱ߳˷ɢȥߣо˱ը

ӷɫޱ䣬Ȼôһ֣Լ赲ȴԳǱ߶֡
ѾǽˣħԶ֣ǲܸ˴Ķѽ
׷ʲô£ǱߵôĹΪʲôᷢô޴Ķ
磬ҿûʱ档Ҫ赲ңǾҪûǸˡ
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˽ڣ
ӷһüĴһͬʱپˣȫ˳ӷ󣬲ӷ米Աģӷ糯ȥپڴӲóֱӭӡ
پ˵Ϊֻˮ׼ȴмϻҪһսΪ˵ĶȻپˡ
ɼȻӷʱپɳȻԭģˣپ˿ɶڲڣԲ֮ϴС棬ÿһ˵С涼ǿޱȣҲõǿĿǰĻǰ˸Ѿмľ硣
綼еͿһʱ벻پǴðģղֻгӷһѽѵ˸һԼ󲻵֮
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ûһ˵ģǾʮưִֻͣʲô鶼ܵġ

پһԭֻǳȴ˱ȳҪǿüңͲپġ
ҶԸĽˡ
پǰӵļһ赲
ǵĶҡ
ৡ
սγ֮ϣȻ͸¶֮
ûپ˵ڣв֮ҲǶɷ˵ĹͣڰپϴСʱͽСĲ֮ǵڣСĲ֮ȴܳ־õʹãƵģ֮ûˣҪٴν񷶦ڶɷ˵İ֮²ٴβ֮ģ˵֮پͳΪһܸǵ
Ȼǲ֮ӷȻǰ˷˲񷶦ǡȫ£ǰ˸ԶԸ
ҪԼԸپˣȥ赲ӷ磬һֱֱȥġ
ڿɲսֻΪ赲ӷȥˣԣЧķǿֶθ
پսճһҲûȥϣֱӳǰ
پСġ
֩ͬʱ߳磬Ҳֹپɱ֣һϾӵһĺĹپ˵ǵ֮ǾԵֵסģ
顭
֩ͬʱѵͬʱ硣
˿̵پûҪսģһ˺󵹳ˣپĿֻһӵסκһȥӷġ
һǿĽɢһ
֪ļһΪе֮ȫҹ
֩ױǿĽ⣬Ĺ𿪣ͬʱ׷ˣȫԼͬĳȥ


2654 ɱ
Ӹûپȥپһ۵ģپ嵽ǰʱ֧еվͬʱ֣ڻ֮䣬һѴ󵶳ǸС
ৡ
ͬʱپĲ˹ȥǿĵ磬ʹپ˫죬ִʹپȥˣȴֲòˡ
ӵĳԱѹûпپһۣڻӳһپ˵ͬʱȥپͬһʱԾ𣬳ӷ˹ȥ
˸ӳԱҲֿ·ͬʱӷ磬ǵĽ͸پʱһģӷһ£ȥһۣڽһĲ֮Ѿ֧Ӹˡ
ͬʱپʮ˱ˣõĻᣬپǲܻŹģߺ֩룬ɱ󡣡
Ǻ֩һˣپҲֻкһ˵ʱ䣬ô˵֮£һĺ˷ӦʱѾپ˵
΢ЦĲ֮ǵʹãȲ˵ǿʱҲƵģǣپ˵ȫһ𣬽˵Ĳ֮ȫһǶɷ̵һ󷨣һϵ󷨣˵󷨲Ǿǵ󷨶磬ȴǲСӵġ
ʵ󷨷Ϊ˺֣ܶоɱΧԻȵȣÿһ͵𵽵Ҳǲһģپǵ󷨣ûκεľҲûκεԻ꣬Ψĺôǽ˵ȫһ𣬽ڰ˵УҲ˵һϵ󷨣ԵĲΧ˵ĵˣǽԼ˵ȫģȫģû˿й©Ľһ
֩پɱȫûȥˣ˵֩ǰ˸һʱҲҪκ£Լ͸˹
ʱ֮䣬ӣȫپ˸Χסˣ˹ɲ֮پ˵ڱپ˱˸˵󣬶Сȫ˳
Сȫ͵ıԱ߱ʹΣգ֮£پ˺ѡ˭жԷΪԼ֮أµϣԷеһ˶ֵס
ϰ˸˵Χǣǲ֮Σǲǲ񷶦õһĲ֮ҲҸҽа壬ǽ죬ǻϼȥ
磬Ҫ̫󣬱ʱţƤˣ֪ôճ
׺ǲмʮֵķŭӷˣûһǳصǿ֮Ҳ޵еġ
֪СһĲ֮ȴӵһĺĹǵ֮һĺĹǼֱӣǣֱӳȥûƽ֮ǰֹ
پ𡭡˽ϣơ
ֻĲ֮پ˵֮£ǵȫǣһһһ˸˶ʱ֮䣬ȫȫ¶⣬֩ˣбپڡ
پ͵ǰ֩˵еȫеپʱ֩ǵսѾڸԵޱȾ޴󣬲Ҳ˵ϣÿһ˱սÿһսһǿ⣬ÿһǿǳϣγһͨӡ
ҶʮֵľֻҪȶס󷨣ʧȥǵĲ֮㲻ʧҲľֻ᲻֮ͣӿš
ԭ󷨾˵ķʽоɱģеȫȶ֮ڣ˿ʧֻҪԼʧǵ˵ͻ𽥵ʧ˵ĵĲԼʱٷĹǵ֮ǰ󷨸ˣ֮ûκε·
ʧǾͿõı𣿾õıΣʵ⣬ʲô档
罫һһǿĽ⻯ΪһѰѵپ˹ȥΪ֪֮УپΪ߸ˣȫپģ߸˶پֻҪپһ󷨾ȻȻˣ
벻ǣһһپ˭֪پȻվԭأһҲ繥㣬еĹҲȫپϡ
¶Ц⣬˵Ҳ󷨣ֻվԭ׸ķݡҿǻ硭ʲô
绰δ꣬ͻȻ֣ԼپϾȻһ˶ûУԼȻûиپȳ˿˺߸پϲ֮Ҳмˮ׼ѽԼĹôܶأҲ̫Ծ˰ɡ
⡣
ӵĳԱ˵ˣ˵ģеϴپ˫۾˫ᶨ񣬸о˿־壬˵پУ˿Ŀ־塣
ãҸղŵĹȫΪˣ
ûղŹپȻȫپˣ
㻹浱ӷİ˴սɵôվŲǱضԭģԭɱЧҪ߸˽ȫһˣҽе֮ڣͬʱһپչǽߵͽȫپգжپͿԽ󷨵ЧնʲôͳͳչֻپյҲֻܻΪһַȥ˰ˣΪõģȻ˴սܿͿԳˣ
Ļ쵰û뵽ǾȻôһ֣
Сģ
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Ҳûվԭأһȥͬ޻ϰ㣬еȫΡ
ô
磬Ҳ̫Ϊ˰ɡҸղž͸߹㣬ǧҪţƤˣǲڶ˰ɡʵɣˣ֮ģֻһˣ֮ڣĹ𲻵κõģȥͻᱻȫգΪ
׵Ļ綼һʱɵۡ߸˾Ȼ֮ģֻپ֮ڣԼκã¿鷳ˣ
Ҫȥ֮ܲˣ
̷Ӧ˹˵û֮Ҳǽҵѣֱӹ󷨲Ϳ𡣡
ֱӹ󷨣
ûɱ󣬲˵ܹʲôطԽ󷨸ˣΪֻΪ˾ۼõģղ̫ΪǣΪ֮佫پ˸նɱŻû뵽һ档
ʱѾôãأ棬ӷѾһɫĽ󺰵νն졭ơ
磬סӷ磬̵նνԳӷ籾ΪҪ֮ģͽƳˣ


2655 Χ磡
ò˵˽ʱգӷһ綼Ʋ˵ĻҲûʶȥ磬ӭսħˡȻ㣬ѵ᲻֪֪һǳ񷶦֮ףΪģʽģɳӷѾ˲˱䣬˵һµĽ磬ħĽ磬һסӷ硣ǣ֮ɲΪʲôɱӷ֮ģֻΪӳӷѣӷȥһӣǳͻһǱ߻Կס˵ˣ⣬Ŀģ
ڣʱҲѾ࣬Ҳõʱ䣬ǽ类ˣҲ˿ϣЦ
ӷѽӷ磬Ϊڻȥļѵ㻹Ϊʱ䣬Ĵһ¶ûҿ㣬ǱߣѾħɳĹڵʧԱ֮ǰ͵ϮҪصĶࡣ
ӷھɱ磬ȴֲ˷ʱ䣬˵ûħûһְŵĻǲܵ赲Լģ֪粻ԼĶȴΪʲôԼҪһ֮ǰĳ
磬ţһ죬һֽġپߡ
پ˵󷨸ͲҪȥƽ⣬Ȼ˵ĻȻյģƳǱѾƻĲˣȥǾپɵˡ
ҪϻˣϻȥȻˡ
ѵǻΪڻȥʲô𣿲ʵǣħɳģ壬ӵеЩ˴δģǱߵˣӲӦˡ
壿
壬ӷĶΪ֮һ֮ǰĸ׾˵ˣǿǸ֮һѽңʱ򣬳Ҳ˶Կһսû뵽Ȼ֮ڣ͹ˣԭ
ӷڲò룬ǸչģôģҪ֪ųѹţħǱߣûκ˹ǸħһתתҪʱģתӤʱ͸ӷɣӷɾ͵ڼһ޴ıˣɱħ壬ɱһȺӤ
ԣħǱ߲ɵӣǲȫתģתҲת㣬ȫת֮ڵĳɵϲŻ
תǳ嵽ˣǸչأ磬Ϊʲôȵڲų֣Ǹչģôģ
ӷ翴һپ˵ʶ磬֮ûʲô©֮
پڵʵ˵Ҫ統ȻûģҪ֪Ǵ磬Ҳͺ߲УǱҲ͵쾳ˣ
ȴ˵ӷ磬㲻òˣҿ㣬壬ǸողŹõġ
չãҲ˵֮ڣ©ڴǸ©йģңǸ©۶δֵġ
Ȼ©Ĵڣôܾͳħû˵ӷĵĸǶġ
©ħ˹磬ҲûҪȥൣʲôûҪϻ֮䣬Ҷ˷磬и˶ϵġڣǲҪٶ˵һ仰㡣
˵һ䣬ʧͶһݣΪʲôҪأ
ںܵ⣬ΪǱѾɹˣǱߵӦѾʧһ롣
û뵽ǣʱͻȻ֮У֣һͬʱӷҲĪĸеһķɣӣԼЩˣɲǳԷġ

УһЦ⣬ֱӳ£
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Ϲҵһأ磬Եĺܵ⡣
֮ǰ⣬ΪǱѾˣڣֵӷˡ
˼˼磬ں֪˵ĳ壬ʲôط
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ƴţҲѾϹߣ˵ˣ˺ܶأȴǡĳӣҧһϣжڣӿѽӣ˲ӷֺ
ȫصΧڵѾˣƴţ˵ĵ磬ͳΪ֮Ҫܣǲˣħ峤ȣ峤߲ãʱӦò뵽Ķӻϳӷɣԣ峤ǲ᷵ˣ
磬ɱ˻ǣƴţʵ
ɱѽһôҧǣһҪġЩǲǻץһ𣬸ɴ࣬ЩȥҧѾİɡ


2656 ͷ
ֱԼ۾ħɳĳȻûжԳӷ˺ƴţЩˣȫ˹һ£鷳Ŀɾˣ
ܣôܣôӳİΧͻΧģ
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ƴţǵ⣬ͷ·һеĹԼ£Ϲҵȴûһģڴ˿̶ԸҪԼڲɲܷκìѽ
Ȼ˭֪γĽ˳壬κһ˶ûëǮϵͻȻֵĻŮˣڻƴţѾˣܵ
ǣǸŮˣҲ˵ǷŮЩ֮󣬾ֱʧҲûд򣬻ƴţûǸŮ˵ӣֻȫǻ棡
ȻˢӣӶܶԸ̫СЩһˡҪΧɱңҲûôװɡ
ǾͲһ£Ҫҳ֣Щˣѡ£ֵҲû¹
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ӷ綼úһﻹϳԶĻ飬Ǿİɣʲôʱɹء
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ҳӷɲħ壬Զ֮ͲˡȻǵļƻʧܣ練ҵ˸ΧˣȻһġҵֵܽǻǴû¹˭˭ѡɣû
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ģӷʲôʱ˵ˣҲֻ˵˵ѡ
ο˵ģΣȻҽܷߣǾʱɱǲҪġ
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һֹסӣ˵ĳ裬ǶҼסˡһ죬ұضҪӷġ
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Ҳ̫ˡ͵ϮǵģǰΧ֮ȴҪԹԵķߡ
İɣҲмӹħȻպħҲضǵһģ塣


2657 ڽħ壡
ܺ󣬳ӷһ³Ǳߵ壬ɾ峤˵Ǹ֮һĳ壬ӵеóӷе⣬ǸڳŮʲôݣƴţǶɳӷȴܴӻƴţǵзţ
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ûĸ˵ġǸǻԪ磬޷󵽵Ĵڣҳҵ棬ħĸ֣ʮӣһˣһħ˰ǻԪ磬ħԼҲȡġ
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˵ʲôµޣħʵ壿ȸʵ
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Ǻáپûǵˣȫ񷶦ɣ
پ˾ղһսҲˣڻص񷶦Ҫģһʱ䶼˷ѣ


2658 ߴϹţ
Ĵ½ĽϣĵھŴ½Ȼŵλûʲô仯ɵȴ˺ܴı仯
ǰϣӵźܶСڣƬһ齸ʯûˣ·ΪһƬС͵ĺһȥҲһ޼ʵģںϵĲλʮֵӿʱ̶׹䵽а㣡
һǿĺûҹϷдһĹ˸оǲ־ˣ֮»ԵޱȵĻ𱬣
ڣӷȺУûһ־ģǻƴţˣܹõĿԼ־Լκε˺
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ֱӷϣں֮£֮ϣؾ֣һסħ󷨡
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2659 ޵
ϹţߴĲ񷶦ҲΨһһħħħĲ񷶦˵Ϲſ˵ǰ˴񷶦ţһҲһΪ֮ǰļȻûħ룬ȴħȥˣֻϹţħְģȴħ֮У治֪˵ϹǿһҪûãֻʱʹȥˣ
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2660 ħĻ壡
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ҷֿ·Ρͬʱ俿ħ塣ǧҪСģһʲôԾжܶ죬ֵϹŵ
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ӷȫͬĵط㣬޴ĳȫɺˮγɵģղţž޴⡣
ӣÿһͻٵħһ㡣Щʱ佫ħˣڣεĹһδ⣬ڶû⣬ξ͡

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2661 ħǿܣ
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һԴ㵱ɵҵǿȸôܾһԴĿҿɲԡ
ӷһȭһȭ֮ڣȻ˳ѪҲƿȭӰӣͬʱ޵ҲѾˡ
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˫ͷ߷һҽУӷҲʱʩչٶȣ㿪˫ͷߵ޵ʹĺڹ⽣ȫ˸գ


2663 жᣬ佣
ĺˮʼںˮû࣬ûиıǾ˵ǳӷ˫ͷߵʹеĺˮʼ룬һǨӡħĽ磬ȴͣԭһ㶼ûƶǳӷ绹˫ͷߣ˿Ҳˮıλã
ˮðǵħ˫ͷĺڹҲѾ֣ӷͬʱֹѾħӰ죬Ⲣħͻжϣ෴ģħ崫ֻӵǿ˫ͷħĽ壬ҲǷħóӷ罫ĽˣħħҪ˫ͷߵĻħͻῪʼϹŻħҲȻȻļˣ⣬ǳӷﵽĿ
Ȼǵڹֵͬʱħϣֻ޴ϣٴγڹ⣬ڹͬʱ˫ͷߣͬβ֮ϣ
ֻǿĺɫͨڹ⳯˫ͷͷŹȥڹͺñȵߣħñȵԴ˫ͷ߾ǱħٿصĻ㣬Խ˫ͷߵͻԽ֮ǰ۷ɳӷȴ֮޵еĴڣ˫ͷĻǳӷĶ֣
ڣħ˫ͷߵѾ֮ǰҪϰٱʹ˫ͷߵȫڻ⣬һǿޱȵħΧһг֣ʱ֮䣬ףУ˫ͷ߸ӷ綼еλãƴţ˼һĻȫֻǲͣ㣬򣬾ͻᱻƶи룬֮ڣɶǴŴħģһħǾ鷳ˣԣƴţڲǰﲻ˳ӷ磬ҲȥսˣΨһģǲͣ㣡
ӷȴȻ֮һĲ֮Щ޷˫ۣҲѾ˻ƴţǱߵĸٴһΣյģ˫ͷߵڲͣǿԣҪֱˣǸʱ򣬳ӷû˫ͷߵĹռ˿ıˣ
ţ̫ΣˣϾҪʵˡȥｻһӦ
ΪɷķЧģƴţ˵ϣܽϹŸѡڵͳ˶ɷϡ
Ȼƴţ˴ѾûʲôˣΪǵİȫȥ̵һȽϺá
ǺŹӣｻˡȥ
С̫ǿ󣬳һ˻Σյġ
ǴŻΣաҪùӷģȥ
ҪԼߣǾԲߵġ
£ȨǼϸ뿪á
ǣ㡭
佣˵˵ûȻǰﲻҲֻĵġȥȴš
ûҪţԵšߡ
佣Ϲͬʱǰһץסƴţһֻ֣ӲѺȥ
ſң쵰Ӹƴˡ
ƴţţƢһܲˣȻȫȫ˳ҪѿϹҸ佣
ʱһֻɫĳӣ֪ʱ˻ƴţǰֻ룬Ѵ̵ȫڹһֱӾͳƴţؿڳ˹ȥ
佣ʶǿ̸ӦһȻƴţѿ佣ɿ˻ƴţһѽƴţƿӰ֮죬磬ֱӴ˻ƴţλá
佣
ϹҸҲѾ˳ӵĹɵǲʱȴѾ̫ˡ
佣Ϊ˾ȻƴţƴţλãǳĶϹˣ佣ȻǵһֵģǾȻҪֻӸֵֻһֵҪ佣
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ͬһѴ̵㣬ֱӴ佣ؿڴ˽ȥӺ˳
һʺѪҺȴ佣Ŀ漴佣˿ڣȪ㣬ǰλãѪĽˮ֮ڣûа㻺ӡ
佣
ƴţ˶סˣԴ佣˫ʧ֮ǵһΣһصˣ佣Լһʱ䶼ûӦĵ˵ͷ˫ȻȴǿԼ˿ڣǹѪڲͣĴ˿佣˫һţۡһٴһѪˣʼС
佣ѣĸѡ
ƴţһѱס佣ڵ佣ȴһֱûˣʼ䣬ȫƤʼڣ⿪ʼ
ֱ࣬о綾ϴȥ׵ħ̫ʱˣֲס
ֱ࣬ⲻ·һ𣡺ڣ佣С沢û𣬾ˣС治ǲģֻǣû壬佣δɾ͡
Ļ쵰Ӹƴˣ
ţ㻹佣ΪȲ˳ġϴȥȻǶû
Ϲƴţȭؼʱ͵ӣղĳ嶯ԼڶѾȥˣ
ӷȻתͷ佣Ѿ£ѪԼӷŭƴţ쵰佣ʲô£Ҫϴȥϣҹȥ
ƴţۿѾʼʪˣʱҲԼȭڴԼʲôأֻȥ佣ˣҲܱס佣ʵ壬ȻƴţһӶ޷ԭԼ
ߣߡ
ӷƴţ˴佣ȥٵȥ˫ۣҲʼ¶׹⣬佣ӷȻģڵûõģǰ˫ͷߣгӣӷҪȫɱ佣У
쵰Ȼ͵Ϯֵܡ죬ȫҪ
ӷĸռֱ֣֮ıң񷶦ڵĶɷ𣬻ôۣҲо˳ӷķŭɷŭ񷶦еһη壡
ɱ¾ǾԵɱ¾һεɱܱǿɱ¾ɱɱأɱɱħ⣬ĳӷ硣
ӷȫƤ壬ڷı䣬ûô۵İ֮£ӷȻбʿңҪôʱǿ
СӣȻбʿ֮֮һʹٶ
İɣѾȫסеˣᱻκһɵġǾͿûǵİ֮£Сӵܷӵһôĵز
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ѾϺĻƴţˣȫȥǱߣ̵Ҳȫۼ
ƴţ˳ԭ˵̵ӦǸ˵ģȻƴţǳˣǳӷȻҲҪˡ
ɵ̵˼Ϲŵ佣ʱÿһ˵ı񣬶˷츲صı仯
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ʲô£ϾȻɱǣ
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Ѿ̫ˣʵ˳˭ҲȲˣģǽСƳȱסС˵ⶾһС棬ǿˣ
ʵţ⵽ô£佣Ϊʲô㣿
ңҡղһʱ嶯ߣҲ͵Ϯң佣Ͱҡ
ž
Ȼƴţ˵꣬˶ˣֱһʹ˻ƴţϡ
㣬ҡ
ž
һ˹
ң֪Ҵˣңҡ
žžž
⣬ˣȫƴţͷѾ£ȴû˵һ仰ˣ
ƴţѽƴţүүСôģ±嶯嶯ǲǰССҲˣ֪֪ĳ嶯Ҫ佣佣ˣ˵ӷ粻Ź㣬׽㣬ҲŹģ
ʱ佣ǽʣʶѵ˵ңҲҪִţˣ⣬ûϵ̫ǿǣѾ
佣ֵܣ˵ôˡʵѾסˣҪС桭
Ǭ¶˷佣˵
ôҶ֣Լ
佣ڽһ˳壬𽥵ʧ⣬ҲС棬ͬʱ֣
λҵʵ壬ָ֮ǰһУͰдˡӭսħӭսħ壬˿Ҹպټ
佣⻰˵ĺܴ󣬺ܴͣĻصš
ƴţվһˮжˮԶȵģˮԶ
ֵܣһƴţȵģģ֮ǰĵˣͳͳˣҲṼյľ֮


2664 ˣ
佣壬Ѿʼõ˰գκ˶ʼδģû뵽佣־ȻǿѾˣȻܽһҪκ˵İԼͿԱ壬Сͷų
ƴţۿѾûˮΪ֪ڲǵʱҪ佣Ա壬ͷųСÿһÿһľԼĽ󲻹ħħħ壬ƴţһĳɳ
ڵı鶼ǳʹ࣬ǳѹ˵佣Сδ𣬻лʵûˣǾͲ˵Ҳκ£Ҫ˽佣С汣ܵκ˺һ˶ȡ佣С棬佣Ҳ군ˣ֮Сжôǿ󣬵ʵ屻ٺСΪģеԸ߿ɲħǰ㣬ħħֿô꣬ӵǿ
ڵ佣ҪԵıκε˶С˿˺
¡һ
У佣һɾҵıըԱ佣С汣ʶʲôĶУҲ֪һУκһΧ˵佣С涼ֻûʵ佣˵ܸκεĽ飬ҲȥԸκһ˶ѣ
⣬ɰ׹䣬һǿߣһ׹䣬С͵棬׹һ̣ˣͬʱȥΧ佣СΧʱ֮ͽ佣Сסˣǲóһе۹佣СƵġ
С˵ı֮䣬໥£໥ϣСںΪһ壬Ϊһһ⣬佣ˡ
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һ죬Ҫħ壬Ϊҵֵܱ
ʱܷԵģȻϹһˣˣﶼͬģͬԡΨƴţûνԣеģֻǽһеɱ¾Լ˫֣佣һеǰĵͳͳնɱ
ȻһΣƴţѧٸǰǰ¾ͳ嶯Ļǽ佣ɾͰװˣ
佣С档
ƴţ𣬻ֹʲô㺦佣ѵɣ
ģڵңѾˣǰӵĳ죬ǰǰĳ嶯ˡ
˵ĳ죬ֻҪھһ֮󣬾ͿԳ׳ڻƴţԣֵܵΪ˾Լģܳ׳Ļ佣ǰˣ
ѿŻƴţֻ˵ļᶨּᶨдŷŭųޣȴҲص񣬻ûȥƴţҪʲôȥɣȳӷ֮󣬻ȥ֮󣬻治֪ôûƴţ˵
ƴţɵԶĵطָϷ󺰵ħħħ塣Ǹˡӽ쿪ʼһƴţƲݡӽ쿪ʼֻҪħˣһƴţһҲŹŮ٣ֻҪ䵽һƴţҪ֮ء
ƴţܴ󣬽ȫֱھŴ½
һľظŻƴţڵľٶľض̾˿˵⻹ûħսħҲû¶棬ɳӷ߾Ѿʧһ󽫡ħħ壬ǿѽ
佣һǼ¡
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ֲǲ֪ǰĻƴţǸôԸڵһô̬ȡ佣һˣȴ˳սǿѪġϸƴţÿһˣǵı飬ǵ˵ı񣬼ϳӷ񷶦ѵħ岻𡣡
ѽһǰЩֻҪһ죬Ǿǳǰˡ
ˣᷢʲô£ѾûҪ֪ˣûҪȥ͵ųӷ޼ɵıɣħû취ħȴɱ˳ӷһֵܣӷȻὫһծͣļȥΪ˸ֶ˵ڽÿһ죬ħجΣ
ľظ뿪ˣͬʱϵĶ֮ǰ顭һϲһɾҵıըֻһ˫ɫĹһµ壬Ӻ³˳ָһ˫ͷߡ
ӷʿ˫ɫĹǰӵӴеĵ񽣣ֱָ˫ͷߡ

ū˫ͷߣû뵽һֻߣȻӵ
Ϲ˵ħһǴħյ

šǣ㽫֪һиߴңҪ佣С棬ܱ
ǵ˵ͷԼں֪ˡ
˿̵ĳӷ˫ͷߣеĵɢ˾޴⡣
ı֮ռ䣬硭ʥ㷢ˡ
ӷĲռ䣬ȫһһӳӷߣգ֮ͽ˫ͷ߸Χ
ԲռȥΧ˫ͷߣɲҪڲռ֮ȥĥӷҲûҪ佣ڵӷ绹֪ɲôӷ綼Ź˫ͷ߸Щӵġ
۰ԡ¡ɱ
ӷ罫еȫ˵֮ϣϳ۵ɱУ۰һͳ˫ͷ˹ȥ
˫ͷҲȫ˳ǿȻӷһӲֵǰһƣһҺڰɫâγɵĶƣ
ǿķǵʲôޣʵ
ޣ㲻ͬǿ˺ܶ౶ħҲѡˡ
ԭħ֮ǿǽޡӣҲҪоһⷽˡ˵
ȲҪ˵Щˣǹ߾ȻĴжֵڵʵֵܷס
ֵܷסΪֵ˫ͷ߿ʼˣ
ˣŰɣţӷһܽǹ߳ģ
һ仰˵ȫŰеĳӷ˫ͷߡ
ӷʹȫһУȻ˫ͷ߸ֵھ͸ֵ˫ͷ߿ʼˣңҲȫңħħǱߣڲϵĴ
໡
һ˫ͷ߾Ȼͷһ𣬺ڰͷϳһͷҲ֮ǰִһȫɢǿĺڹ⣬Ϊһɫľͷֻϣۼһ޴ĺڹ⣬ңеҲȫڳǶϾ޴ĺڹۼ
ûκεʽ𣿾ͽеȫһңãұȫ㡣
ӷԭһҲΪӷȴĻᣬϾҪˣֻħ彫еȫߣù߷ΪǿһͬʱҲǳӷ绽ϹŻʱ


2665 񷻽Ϲ
ȻӷϣߵѾ𣬶һڲͣǿٶȥһ֮ڣߵͽﵽľ磡ӷܲùߵ޵ǿȥɣһʱǳӷҪʼжˡ
ڸʲôǹߵѾľˣĶҲӦѽȫûġ
ūĻȫһȻÿһ˶֪ߵѾ㣬ҲֻпūŻ֪ġ
㣿ūˣǲͱ㻹Ҫ߳𣡡
˵ɫʮֲ԰ף۷ľ磬˸ȸ֪㽫ζʲô磬ǿɲˣ˵ÿһ𣬾ͬһֱͨӵ۷˲ǿѾ㣬ɾͱūҪ߳ʮʮˣ
ūһһ㣬ǿ˿£߳ʮʮ³ӷӵŲڰ˱ߣı֮ҲԲǹߵĶѽ
Ϊֵǣӷ֪ӵеȴվǰ֮һҲﵽôģ
ɵ𣿱ߵɵⲻܣȲ˵񷶦ԳӷΪ˵۷ģҲ峤ʱӷ綼ûɵôܻᱻһߣɵأ
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ʲôܻϹŵĻ壿
ûΪǹߵȫħħ壬ϹŵĻȴΪħħħˣʲôʶûУֻҪܽϹŵĻ廽ѣеĴħڣħħ彫͸ǹߣҲ˵ħ屾½ˣϹŻħҲ½ˣħ½ʱ򣬲ǻϹŻʱ𡣡
ôһ˵Ҳ˹ԭӷһڵȴŻᣬȴħħȫʱȥϹŵĻ塣
ӷǲ̫ðˣһߵټӴ󼸱ĻĲ㣬мǿ³ӷ˵ĻᶼûˣȥϹŵĻѽ
ȥˣȥȳϹŵĻ壬ˣѾǹߵ֮¡ˣϸȸˣҲԼµһ𣬽еȫеҵһȹһء
ū֪ӷһ޻صķܻϹΣӷ籾ҲǳܲסǿĹѽ
ǣӷ˿Ѿˣֱӳ˹ǰİ֮

ڱ˵ǿūǣߣӷһٶһ¡
Сǲ⣬ĻĲͷˣȻԼģûڵѾʵ𣬲һڲͣУ㵹ãҲˣֱӳ嵽ǰˡ
ò˵ӷһٶκˣΪӷˣķˣװģģΪֻзӣŻȥ¡

ͻȻ䣬ӷ緢һЦһЦ˸Ī
˻˻
߷ĺūҲ뿪ںӷǣڹߵѾγһǿһħγɵūˣȫѹסˡ
ˣȫˣ˵ħħû򣬾Ȼͱһֻ߸ȫˣѽһߵĶѵǵ
ˣ¶ǶüѼȥˣ군ˣӷһڽһ˭ܸħħ忹ѽӶˣëѽһ˵ɱħħ壬ôأǸ磬⣬Ҳֻʣһˣһȥ棡
˵ˣ˳£ͻĻ棬ȥ˵ʲôɵӦ֪˵ʲô֮һжѾˡ
ΪޣȻħĽ壬ȻҲħʶģħôƻѽӷľٶ᲻һˣֱӾͲˣͬʱҲųӷȡʱ䡣
ʲô֮ضԽΪҲ飬ҾԽȥ㲻ͿôҲͿˣͿֱɱңɱˣ㻹Ͳ
ʲôѽô㲻ңħң
ӷ練˹߼䣬ùûطѽԼ˵ھһڽӷˣϧѽħʶѽ
Ȼ㲻֣ҿɾͲˡ
ͻȻ䣬ӷߣ˵ڶӷ磬Ȼĸ
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벻ӷ绹Ҷɶģȴ
ڣ
ڣʲôڣǷɵڣ
˫ڰ˫ۿųӷ磬һһʮܳӷô߶ǿġ
ΪӷʲôλԼţʱӷҲضİɣ֮⣬ѵӷôһΪ
ֻսӣǳӷҪģ㣬ħʶߣҲԣӷǾԲܵģ
ܣǱǽ
ӷıĲ֮ٴȫȫֱ˺УȻȫˣ⣡
ͷ͵һ̧ӷ磬ȻϿյħȫˣ

ѽҲǸýˣɺһģȴǳӷ磬ǡū
ˣеȫȫߣΪȡʱ䣡
ڣӷղŵľٶڵı֣ūѾ֪ӷͲҪߵģַֻǣסߣˣӵеǿûǸƨƨ㡣
ʲôսսӷĵˣߣħħƻĺܣӷҲƻƻһ𣬲ҳΪ֮ģս
ӷħʶ룬ֻҪԼĻħͻΪԼʲôʲôյĻᣬòһ֮䣬ӷĿģѾˡ
ɷôۣȫҳ
ǿūǣǲסߵģӷھҪ߸סԼʱȥףϹţ
Ĳ񷶦ҲóˣסߣͬʱҲӭһµߴĲ񷶦ϹŵѰɡ
þûˣħ
ɷһ֣ͬΪĳ֣漴ôۣҲˡ
˫۾һתû뵽ɷȻʱܳӷ컹ǻȥˣĴ񷶦ȫˣΪ˶ԸԼһ壬һ
ԣ
ħʶ˿̲ʶϵˣ˳ӷĵӷĿͲǹߣԼ壬ǺµġϹţ
񷶦ҳֱӺĵߴˣϹţ


2666 ޵Ϲţ
ֻҪħħħϹŵħҲǽͺðˣĻҪüȥϹţǵߴĲ񷶦ѽ򵥣ֱӵķǽ񷶦Բ񷶦ȥϹŵĻ壡
жɷ񷶦ټϿūˣȻ޷ֱɱߣҪסǾûģʱ򣬳ӷҲ޼ɵ񷶦Ѿ˳ӷϷӷһֳֵ񽣣һֶֻŲ񷶦壬ͣĳϿȥ
ΪеĺѾȫɢˣʱӷ˵ܵħħڽ˹֮󣬴˿̵ħħ壬ҲħʶˣֻҪӷ粻ֱӶħħ壬ħͲɵʱܹħ鱻شʱħϣ޷ָ۷״̬ûоԵҪ򿪰ǻԪ磬ֱǳ룡
һһӷ߿֮УǿĲ֮γһɲʹԭĺ棬ʱ֮ƽһ㲨˶ûˣһˮˣ
ԵİҲǾԵĿ£ԵĿ´žԵɷ񷶦ūˣбסĹߣʱ˿̣ȫԼʲôƵģĿͶ˸߿еĳӷ硣
ӷôû֪Կ϶ǣȻӷ罫񷶦˳ôȻҪֱӶò񷶦ġ
һޱǿ⣬Ӳ񷶦Ķֱ䴩磬漴ӷһתڶϹŸħħڵλãޱȾ޴⣬һſʱͺñ޾ĺڰͻȻһΪϹŶģΪӭλߴ񷶦ġ

棬ӷڵ֮񷶦ȥִӰʼұ֮ǰҪʮ
еĺˮʼ񷶦ھһӴԽȥ·ھŴ½ڱƵģ֮䣬ַ·ۼͬħ۵ʱһĸо
Ϲţʱѣʱ
ӷһͨ񷶦ȥ⣬ֱףϹŸħħڵλá
׵ķڣҪȺǿĶ࣬˿̶γһ޴У֮ǰ˫ͷ֮߳ǰСУһ޴С
Χһȴɽֻɽȫи˽֮һжΪУʮһƬĺ
Ϲţʱѣʱ
ӷͣͨ⴫ﵽףӡħħĺɫҲϹŵĻ壬ʱʼѺۣ֮ЧӦģħħ壬ʱҲ΢΢һ£˫۾Ҫȴû˯Ѱ㣬ǼѣҲʹ࣡
ӷ磬̫ӲˣʵڲеĻͷ㣬ܽϹŻѣħħҲᱻѵġǸʱħħ彫ܿƣֲʱħǽ
ɷżѽ³ӷ㣬ħҲ˷ִ磬ǰħħϣһдۣ
ӷͲɷȻѾߵһ佣ӷ絽ڻ֪ɾ佣Ҳ˰ۼȻѾˣڷǾԲܵģ
ӷٴߣȫе͵ĴǸսϹӭսħӭսħ壬ͷϹźڣѵôȥˣѾͷڹѵͲսħΪļˣΪֵܽãΪѣΪϹ𣿡Ϲţ㵽ûˣڣ͸ѹҳӷ磬ԵھŴ񷶦֮ѹ
ӷٴһδףҲһΣΪǹߣѾʧɷɫ䣬ãħħѾеջȥˡҪˣ

ѽϹûѣħħˣѼȥˡ
ɼȻӷȻ׼ϹŲѣԼҲûӣ佣ˣǰ
ܲôˣӷŭ֮ڣ񷶦ֱӳĶȥ
𺰵Сӣķ𡣲񷶦һϹѣħħҲǰٷ֮ѵѽһǧ˰٣Ͳ֪úõļһ𣡡
ܲôˣϹŲѣҾͲݡ
֮ǰӷ籾Ǵ㣬ʵڻϹţǾĻ壬ҲΪħáڣӷıעˣϹſǵߴĲ񷶦ӭսħһΨһһħģƾʲôĻ壬ƾʲôΪħãԲУ
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ӷ磬֪СȻһҵħ塣ǻĲͷˡ
ħħħħ壬ڳˣ
ӷǰһ񷶦ߺãռ䣬ȫҳ֡
žžž
ĸռ䣬ħħΧӷøͬ֡
ƾһħ壬ղѾôʲôʸ磿
ӷ磬ǲ֪ߵغѽǵҵǰϹŵĻ壬𣿡
磬ûвܵ飬ֻҪҸûʲôġħ㣬ħħδϣղĵΪɱ𣿡
ħħޱȾ޴վڳӷǰӷһճӤ㣬ӷıУ˿η壡
˫޴ĴӣѾħħ󣬳˸ղ˫ͷߵΧΧӡ
ģħ壬ָϵķȥǵڣӷʱȥ롣
ɣȻħѾˣǾһսɡ
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ħħһӳӷӷҪԲ񷶦ȥֵֵһӻǲġ
ǣӷĲ񷶦һ˭֪һдڵĹâֱӳħħӷλãĻ֮£
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ɫĹâĻ֮£һ޴ıըըγһʮҫ۵̻е⣬˷ɢȥͬһʷǰ꣬ںĴ½
ħ۸һµСʲô¡֮һսδᣬ죬˽ɡ
ħħȻ̧ͷֻһ޴ӰħħһӰ߿С
һеĺڹⶼѾʧΣеģ⣬Ų֮⡣
ôܣ֮ʹħ˿һҵħһ£Ȼӵǿ־治޵СϹţ


2667 ӡڵеף
Ϲڴӳ˯ѹˣʱһֱ̣Ӵħ˿ɷ˵ĹȻûϹŻǾŴ񷶦ΪǿƵһսޱȣ־Ҳ˵ǿħ޷ħħ۷״̬֮£ҪħϹţҲǰΣ
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ϹŻҲǿ棬ȴǿĿ£ӷ磬Ϲŵ֮£ҲԵʮֵС
ħɣħ黽δ˽һսգǾ׵˽ᡣ
ϹԵʱܵжôǿ󣬶˿η壬㣬ӷ絹мݵ
ֻʵ⣬ϹӲҪʱħǳӷǰæ佣Ҳ֪ʲôٳӷ粻֪ϹŸһѣֱħˣǽ˷۱ѽʱɵ£ӷɲȥ
ϹţȻѾˣպеǻᡣߣֻҪ뿪ħҲġ
ӷϹŵߣϹŵ壬ҲСĸӷһĴС
Ǻˣǰ˵ֻֻ֪Ҫһˣˡ
ʱѾͬˣڣѾϹŵʱˣҳӷʱ磬ѾҵĿƵУԣĴҵĸ𣬲Ҫ㵣ġ
ʲôס磿ͣŶʮͷȻ˿Ѳǡ
ûֻв񷶦пʸǰǣûȻܳΪȴǴģǵھŴĲ񷶦ԣڵһж㣬ҲҵģһͬΪһڶڰ˴񷶦ȫԻţסڲ֮ڡ
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ٸҷϻˣֻһ塣һ壬ƾʲôħ㽫ħǼˣħħϣ˭Ķ֡
ģֻ֪ϹսӲǣЩ֪ǲ񷶦ֻҪģǱʶУķǳأϹȻҲ⡣
ҲһôˣҲߣߣҾߡˣҲֽĲ񷶦ֻҪӡڲ񷶦ڣͲܳ
ӷɲɵջϹţֱϹŵļ룬ԼǴĺ£Խ˴񷶦ȫۼǵȸħսʱҲ֪֪ˣǾŵڲ񷶦ħһǻĽų첻ѽ
ħںǷŭӷϹһһȥģûħħҲѾȫָ˿̣ħ壬Ҳ𽥱СĸӷͬĴСȻǽԼǾͱȥֻħ壬ûħ飬ҪԸЩϣҲ֮顣
ãɷϴϹŽ񷶦סħ塣

ȶɷ񷶦Ϲֱһƽӷƿǿħħħڱʱ֮䣬һαסˡ
СӣħȻûħ飬ħҲֵܵġϻ񷶦
ϹţΪǣǶԸħħ壬㣬ӶԸˡ
ǿɲһû˲񷶦ֻҪ۷壬ͬԶԸħħ塣
ʲô۷壡
ûǰϹŵȷ۷壬ڵһѣ嶼۷ĻǶɷôȫԻﵽ۷ľˣ
˵ɵˣѾսˣһ壬޵ġ
ҸղŲ˵˭ǱʶжİϧʮǿġҸɷҲһ֪֮ǰ񷶦֮ѵϹţûбĵˡ
㵽ʲô˼ʲôƣòҽ񷶦ɣҪ֪񷶦һһҽ㣬Ҳʹòˣ
ֻܻ񷶦ͱˡұ֤죬ˣȫƽ뿪ħħ壬ҲѹףǰôģԺôҸӲɵȻֻ֪Ҫħ֮ģħħͻҲᶥŻδָ۷ķսϵġ
ӷ翴Ϲͺһֱֱ֤֤ɱˣӷǾԲŵģϾԵħħ塣Ĳ񷶦Ϊսһ񷶦ӷ粻֪ΪΣǳ
ãȻд˱֤Ҿٷһѡ񷶦ɡ
ϹŸ֮ʱ񷶦Ѿʧˣڣӷٴν񷶦˳
鷳ˣ¿鷳ˡһ취ֹǡǷӣẦ˵ġ
ڰ˴ҲˣӣҵҲֻϹˣϣʲôƲźã
˵ʵɷͲ֪ϹŻŶ۵һ棬ֻǿսһˡʵϹҵˣһûӵѽûӵˣǰǿûκεĵ̣ҪǹƸһȫˣ
񷶦˳ӷϹŵǰϹſžΥĲ񷶦Цϻƣþòˡָ֮Ķҷ񣿡
񷶦ˡһӣĶ񷶦Ӧġ
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ϹſЦͬʱ˫ִһӡھŴϻ
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ӷҲʣֱӽ˳ϣڲһʱϹŵķӡҲѾͬʱ񷶦ڣһ͸ղһģȻ˵֮ڡ
ʲô֮˲Ϲŵʲô
ӷһΪ֮һ̣ҪˣĵϣѺۣЩѺ֮Уͷųǿޱȵ⡣
Ϲֱӳ˵λڵİ֮Уߺףίˣڲڱӡʱڿˣңսħ
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УȻӡһףӷȻһ㶼֪
ֻһѾϹŵǰ⸱׵Ȼǡޣ
ףޣѵ⸱ǡ
⸱ףǵԲ񷶦ƬƶɵģǸʱŲ䣬񷶦ֻ̣ҪǿܽƻҲʱԲ񷶦Ƭڵ֮У⸱ףҴδʹùǽӡڲ֮УΪģǽ졣
ûڲ񷶦ûǿ֮ǰǾԵļ̣뵱ʱǳǵʱ򣬲񷶦ͳֹѺۣ³ӷʧڲ񷶦޸֮󣬳ӷûȥʲôû뵽ϹţȻ뵽ò񷶦Ƭڵ֮ƳһףңһǾ˵⸱ףӵŲ񷶦ľ裡


2668 ħŭӷΣգ
гһףһһףΪף˵ӦǴ̳֮еһԣԼԼ̳֮ϣ֮ȥʵԣ
ӣϹŵһ̣δҪħħ壬ģ⣬Ѿʶܱһս⣬һ˿ȡս⣡
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ѵϹ׼ˣлħһս𣬶պħĴսУ⸱ײ𵽹ؼԵã
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Ϲħħ壬ںǵ⣬ҲΪԼе㡣
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ħΪĻħΪһĴЦˡħ壬ߣ磬񷶦ߡѵΪһףôûʵ壬ȷĶ֣һҲȷûʵ壬ھŴħһƴи㣬Ҹһûʵ𣿡
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ھŴлĹˣҲл㽫һѡ˵ĻһҪ쵽˵˱˰ȫ;Բκһܵ˺ġʵ壬Ͼˣ
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ʵ壬⸱ףʵ壬ǲ񷶦ֻĵڶϹţ
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ӷ֪ʲôʱʲô£ϹҪںϣָʵħħϹں֮ǰƣϹſǺΣյģԣӷҪϹţħħ忿
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ħˣҵβ񷶦ĶҡɣΪħ嵱ɣΪĸ״ħɡҳ񣬰ǻԪҲῪĸҲڣ㱨ʱ
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ħħһתֱӾͳӷ˹
ĺáɷô֮ۡǰǵĽͷų£ǣУ佣Ͻɽ󣡡
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ӷ磬ᣬھŴ񷶦ȥɣ


2669 ħ壡
˶һŴˣħһ˫Ѿ˳ӷͷɲͨĹħħɢ֮ǰĹ߿Ҫ߳ʮʮҲ˵ħħӵеʵⶼûħ飬ħӵ㣬󣬵ħħħϣָΪ۷״̬ʱǶôĿ£۷壬Ҳ߳٣
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񷶦ҲħҪģʱǻԪһѡԿסɼȻӷͬΪǿĵˣѾԼǰˣԼ㹻ӷĨɱ֮£ħǲԥģ
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ħôģû֪£ΪҪģǳӷԣֻгӷ磬ǴɱħΨһϣ
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ħʱӦǹӷĴӣòתλã赲⡣
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֮䣬Ϲ֮͵۷壡Ӧ˵ں֮ȫָ˵ʵֻҲǲ񷶦ˣû˲񷶦ѡɾ۷壬ǾѾǿˣӷߣֻһ۷ƾųԶɽħ͵ˣ
۷壬ӷߣҲ˵ߣڳһ۷ĳǿߣڵָ֮һеĳǿߣⲻò˷ܣӷı飬Ҳֳڵ˷顣
ãǳã۷ˣԽԽǿˣϹŻ᲻ˣ٣ħħ壬ǶĴڣǲݵĴڡ
ϹŵǸʱ֪ħ֮ϣϹŵˣѣֵܽãȫǱħɱģôϹŸħǲݵС

Цһ޼ɵĿЦһеĿЦκ˷ĿЦ
ǸϹҵϹţǸսϹţֻˣûˣŴ񷶦УΨһһħħħҲΨһһħϹţˣ
һΣϹŲҪɱħɱħ壬Ҫֲʧ󣬽ħʧ
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ħɣҿôȥˣʱȥˣħΣ
ħħҲԵĺܳԾڵʵԵв۷ģԣħһ
ϹţǽսǰչܺãǱȫɡ
ʲô
ħҪҪħ鿪ʼ
УԲУϣ鷳ˣħħħϺ󣬲ָܻ۷ʵϹҲԲĶѽǸʱħʲôɱǰǻԪ磡
ڣϹŲһ˼֮ˣħ˵ϹŷԵûǸᡣԻ彫ѹںµģǸʱҵľһҵĻ彫ħѹѾָ۷壬һһԣֱѹħ壬ûġ
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ϹŴ󺰵ھŴռ䣬ҵѹڳ˲ռ֮⣬ûκνǿѹġ
Բռȥѹħħ壬⵹Ǹð취۷ѹı֮ǰҪȶħħ鲻ָеҪħİħͲƲռ
ӷ˵áռ䣬֡
ϹҲһ̣еȫ˳۷ƶųӷĲռ䣬ֱӳħħǰħħ壬ȴ޷㣬ΪռѾ϶Ŀ꣬һɼħռ
ӷ磬Ȳռ䣬ҲѹҡΡ
ȷѹס㡣ڻ۷ħɣʱϣǰչһսǻԪ磬Ҹ㣬ϹţԲһֻΪԼˡȽħѹסȵھŴ˲ű䣬۷壬ۼ֮󣬲Ĵս
ϹţǲŹģҽ֮󣬶һɱ㡣
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ھŴԲ֮еħɢ磬ǵĵ̣ǵļ԰ħ
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𽫲֮ͷųһֱʣҪ̫ǿڳ󣬲һɱըֱ֮ӽȫɢˣ


2670 Ȱ˵Ϲţ
ĺĴ½磬ѾȫϹǸʱˣΪħĹϵ綼˷츲صĸı䣬ҲûϹϤĺ½ҲûϹңɽѾڣòϵǣ񷶦ƴ֮սѾˣͳΪħǻԪѪ죬ӷĻл˵ʲôӭսħӭսħ壡
ĺĴ½̧ͷܿ磬ϹŲɵ̾û뵽˯ôãеһжѾˣİˣԼѾİˣ
ˣֵܣãѣǸԼЩսѣȫѾˣȫڵӭսħӭսħʱսˣ
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һ·ɻسһ·Ϲһ仰Ҳû˵ħħѹ£ħħҲ޿κΣħûȫָ֮ǰҲǲģ
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ͲɣֻҪܸվͬһսϣӲҳѾҪˡҲΪκԭͶħ壬ָħŲݵĴֻ뾡һа취þһħġ
˵ܼǳ˵Ļǲڵħȥ޴ѹͬʱǳʿҲӲٵġ룬Ϲʲô˵ĻĴ½֣񣬿˵֮ǰϾһУڻûһ롣һܴӦǳ˵ĻǲҾʿӲ٣кܶɢˣҲΪϹŵͶϵġ
˵ûĿǰΪֹӷȻѾռ˵ھŴ½ɻкܶˣûͶӷģ˵ģľռĶ½˵ɣǱߣȫǰ½һѽһΪϹŵļ룬ľǱߵҡͶ˵Ļڳӷ˵һ෴ľǱߣͻʧһһһ˫飬ܲ룡
˵˵ĻҲû취ѽҪ֪Ϲſɲһˣ룬ҲûǱѽ
ΪˣѾˣҲ˽ˣϹҪǣвȻǲܵģ֮ѹΪĹϵ𣬿˵㽫ѵģûĻħħʱδѹܷħã
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ⲻõֶ𣬲ƣʩȻѾʩˣӦòɡ
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ƿЦһ˵ȷĶࡣһ治ʧȥ˴ĺô˼ڵĻǾ˵ɡ
ӷҲǿЦһ˵ҲϲԼѽðɣ˵ȥ˵ɣžŭϹţ˵ҲСΪѵġ
˶٣ӷɫһ䣬˵лƴţ
佣飬ӷ绹ûһƴţˣҲ佣ֻˣС滹ڣģϾΪƴţĳ嶯ź佣ģͬʱҲƻ˳ӷԸħļƻû佣ǶԸħĽ˭ѽӷǴ佣Ϊģ
ȻһĻǳӷ绹ô⣬һһǣ佣ȴǳӷֵܣҵ껹ǳӷԽܸ۵ģ佣λֵܣӷʮְϧ佣屻ٵʱ򣬳ӷɥħħ֮£Ϲżʱָ˳ӷһ˵ڳӷ绽ϹŵͬʱϹҲ˳ӷ磬ԣӷŲᰴ˵ǰ㣬ʲôʩķʽȥϹż˵ģҲΪҪһ㡣
ƴţһֱĳӷǳԶҲڲͣĻס佣С棬Ͳȥӷһ
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Բ𣿹ѽӦ˵䡮Բˣ˵仰û𣿻𣿡
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磬ģ佣С棬һᱣõģþҲҵʺ佣塣
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ˣһѾ˵ˣ佣С棬Ҿͽ㱣ҪҼˣ佣Ϊ˾űģԣˣҲҪס佣С档
˵ɳӷ鷢佣СҪסɻƴţҲ٣ӭսħ֮ǰ
ģұضҵ佣С档ǻҪһӭսħģ֮ǰһ١
ͬʱҲѾϹŵߣϹŵٶȷǳ죬ƵΪ˵ǾԸϵģϹȴͻȻٶȷ֪ƻԼƵġ
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Ϲǰ֪ǵУҸȸ񷶦ĺ֮⣬ҲżԨԴġ
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ûһõϹĳ˵ĴУԸϹҵԨԴǳ
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ħħʥе
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ƽĿǰֲȫϹ˵һ飬ҲϹŻָ֮󣬵һ˽


2671 ͬĲ²⣡
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һĽ⣬ҪϹż˲ɣֻҪһ룬ƾͻһϢ£˶֪
ҵĿľֻһǾħħ塣ȻѾǲ񷶦ˣȴϵ񷶦Ƿʹ
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Сӣ˵ô࣬˵صˡû۷ֶԸңҲǱɵġǸħҾ͸ʵֻ۷壬ħǵֶΣħҲѾԽ۷ɡ⻹ħİ˴ħÿһǳصղ˵ھŴѾ׼˰˸Ӧħ˴ħҿһǳѵ飬񷶦Խ̵ǣڲ񷶦֮ڣǰ˸Ͼǲ񷶦񷶦ǵİҲ޵ģ
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Ǽ룬ǱҿڵھŴű֮ǰǣħȫûˡɵھŴű֮Ǿ͸ġ

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ʵϹ仰ҲܷҪϹŵļ룬Ϊ˵õôģʿΪҪġϹŻ֤ڳӷ絽ű֮ǰᱣˣѾ㹻ˣ
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ʥһôˣĲ֪Կ϶ǣħħֻҶ峤޷ͻǵϡۣ޵е
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ΪʲôҪħħ壬ǿǷǳɵģҪǿ󡣡
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ǵģܸо۸ǣ˵Ǹ磬ͬġ
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˼ǣпܲ磬ȻҲ򣬶Ǵһ֪ĿռģŻӵ󲻵ӦòԸħģͲҪųֱӴ֮ţɱȥͿˣ
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תۼ䣬Ѿص˳ĽҲǲСģ˲ˣƶȫķѣӪӪˣ


2672 پģ
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ΪϹŵļ룬ܿ죬ħҲõϢߣħѾ¸ħˣħڵ֪ӷ߳һԶɽ֮⣬һϹţǲһˣ߳ӹ͵Ϯ˵ģ
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⵽ô£ھŴһôˣΪȫԵ˵η壡
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֪ãЦ浱ССֵսҪԵĿħħ壬Ϊ񷶦Ȼôܻʤ㣡
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ӷȫ˫ȫϴһȦȫȫǵͷģûһ˸ȥӷ磬̵ˣûһȥġ
ȫڵ״̬˵ԣ֮ǰܵ˴ۣܵ˴ǵĸսⲻҲ˵Ϊ֮ǰĽЩ˸оԼʮֵСϳ壬ȻǼǳǵĿޱȵļһ˿̣Ҳǵͷģ
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֪һħ͵Ϯ˺ܴʧʧȴħǴҪԣⷽ棬ʤġҲ֪Ϊħĳ壬Ĵҵжһ΢СĿ־壬ֿ־䲻Ҳ˵ֻһĺ°ˣԵ˵Ĳ˽£ֺ³ʱĻǾͻܱһųӦö֪νųʲôʱΣյʱֻˣǰһҳˣҪų򡣡
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ӷһֱӽϳ˹һѾסϳĲӣκ˶ûϵġ
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˶٣ӷָϳ˺еǰѩǵѩǵҲһеȫǰǳǵҪܼ򵥣ھͿˣǾ໥֮䣬ͶԷȥɡ


2673 ˵
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ȻӷȻҲҪ뾡һа취ȥܵ˵ģӷ֪ҪܵˣǾҪȴԼνĴԼĽԼԼ˸ŵҪԼԼȥһսϣֻҪȿ˷Լܿ˵ʤԼ޷ܣôȥܵˣ
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2674 ڶ
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ˣˣȫ׼ڣǵС棬ȫɣÿһˣҪ֣˵ĲǾ޷ںҵΪ
䣬ϹŻһͻȻףͬʱҲĿףɲ񷶦ƬƶɵģȻǿޱȡ

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2675 ɹ׼ӭУ
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2676 Ѱм
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ӷ粢ûдţ˵ӷսŵҲû齨Ѿ齨ˣֻû֪ԱЩԣڳӷֻǴƣǸʦʼѰ˵ӰūˣпȸڳǿϹڰսųȥѰҵ˵ʱ͵Ϯܲ
ѽղǹϢΪʲôͻȻʧˣʵķо˵˿ڡ
Ӧ֪Ƿǣڶ˰ɡǵĵ̣ҪҲǼ׵¡Ҽңβħʲô˹ǳ滹ǱģһǻŻȥ


2677 бĳ
ӷ缸һƬɭ֮ڣƬɭֲ˵󣬵ҲԲСҪʱضĵط˵ȷǲףԣӷȫɢһʲôʶ֪ͨ
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2678 Ϸйƣ
ͬǿԼ⻹治һĶĸ̬ѽӣħοʮþȣҪӷصһˣȽɫ˳
಻ͬΪ֮ΪǿĴڣȴûκε˼ʶġ֮ǰʱҲӦע⵽ˣЩ࣬ȫŸԵ˼ʶܵĳǷǳģ֪ʲôʱˣʲôʱýɳȴͬһսһһĿ꣬ͻ᲻һеĽĿɱӵеҲʮֿµģ
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ӷ˵ɫȫ˼ı仯Ϲŵ˫ۣҲÿһ˵ϴţѰʲôƵġ

ͻȻ䣬һԱĪ͵˵ϣȫƤ⣬ڿʼãڣһֻֻĳӣ뿪Աʱͻȥ
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ǣһվˣǳӷû뵽ģǸŮˣǡϷ壡

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ߵӷǰ˵ӷ磬ҵĽãôһҪһҪɱ˳ʬ
İɣҲͬ׽ܣܸĴۣһģҲˡˣǣͽչˣʮ֮ڣһʬ


2679 ɭеŮˣ
ҪԸĽɫɲκ˶ʤεģΪĲбӦֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬾ͿһսǣĹƶȴǷʤģϹһܿƵסĹƶҲħΪʲôֱӽŵƸɳΨӷĲ񷶦ԲóĹƶҲ˵ܶԸģҲֻгӷһˣ
ڣϷȰˣȫ˳Ĺƶֻʮˣӷ粻ʮ֮ڽɱʬȥôϷˣŵԱһʮֲң
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ʲôˣʲôˣʶԼģԼҲӦʶģԼӡУͲôһѽ
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2680 Ҵߣ
Ů˻һûɱЩһ˶ûУŮ˸ղַ˰ԵޱȵҲеȫˣ˵ӷ磬оһǿѹȴû˵Ů˵Ŀ꣬˵ʲôΪŮ˵ҲΪŮһͷˣͲҪֱ֣˾ˣЩҲ׷ģ
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Ȼദʱ䲻࣬ĴҲࡣӷڿǺæģʲô˶ġ
˵ˣܲңһΪҸѪԴϵ
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ӷ綼Ȼһ㶣ԼŮѪԴϵʲôЦԼ˵Уʲôʱһˣ
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ûȥΪڣܰٸһ£˵ӷһңΪı㣡
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ڿʲôЦԼȷһ㣬СӢ۵Ů˼ףԼǸĴദʱҲȷ٣ǣ˼׿һͨѽ˵ӦڵϾΪԼĹϵڵľӦòˣôҲܵĴ½ѽ
ӷȻԼĶ䣬Ů˵Լı˼׺󣬳ӷϸ˿ıӰ
ʱ򣬳ӷ罫ʱһμ˼׵龰˼ڵʱһУ˵Ůˣмأ
վתɡҿӣ˵ǼٵģҪеһðҳӷ磬ǾԲκһðҵ˵ģ
ʱŮҲסˣѵվԼˣǳӷ硣
תԵʱ˵飬ͬһʱ䷢˱仯
ӷ˫ķǳҲʼԼ侲ˣøղûж֣Ȼ鷳ˣ
ŮҲһǰĳӷ磬ҸղԼûȻԼӷɱˣͳΪһЦˣ
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ܶڵʱͼ٣ദ٣ʱҲͳӷ罫ǸŮؾǵǼദ֮ӷ뿪˵磬ȥ˾ڤ磬֮˺Ĵ½УҲʱ˰ɣ໥֮ȻϲԷģ
㣬ΪʲôĴ½Ϊʲôһͨ˱Դߣӵ۷ľ磬һֹ
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㣬ղŵǳһһǿϸղֵû´ĻӦøľһǸҴ߰ɣ
Ҵߣ˼׾Ȼǡ
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ԵޱȵеŮˣҴߣ˵ǾҴߵת


2681 ı㣡
תҪӷһȥҳ˼ףһӷ⻰ֹͣ
תųӷ֮ǰ֮෴˼ͻȻ֮оǿҵɱɱҲ˼׻ëû뵽ӷȻ֪£֪Լܣɰ˵ԼܣͲ֪ѽرǳӷ磬Ӳܻ֪ѽ
˭˭˳ӷ飬ǲģԶɽ֪˳Ҳܻ߳ӷѽôӷǴ֪Щģ˿϶ԼҴߣ
ܣҡ
ƺȸһ£ǧҽУһһûסɱ㣡
ӷɲǳۣҴȫͶڳ۵£ǱضĿĵģ˵ǳŵʲô
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ӿЦǣ˼ףԭֻһͨĲͨˣڵĴҲֻһͨŮˣ̶ֳȵͨ˵Ҳ͵Ȼ飬ָλһӵģŬһŮˣҪھĺãҲǼ򵥵飬ҪŬҪüϾǾѽ˼ûʲôļ֮ģʣھ˲żüõĵطôܱɸŮ
ˣԵ˼˵һͨŮˣȴΪӷĹϵıһʱ֮䣬Ϊ˾̫Ů˵ӷ統ʱһģ
ڣ˼ףӢ۵ŮȴΪ֮һҴߣһǾ壬óӷ޷ܣžڵӢۣҲ֪°ɣӲ֪˼Ѿ˺Ĵ½
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˵ɣΪʲô㣿
ʵУкü󲻵ġǾҴߣתĻҵݣͺױ֪ӲڵͨȥΪνľˣÿһӴޱȵġҲңĸҴߣҲתķĵ˻ת˺üΣ
˵תüεģľذɣ
ţʵˣǰûм棬Ҳ֪Է˭ϾѾתģľ֮⡣
ľǾ壬Ǿ壡Щ˻֣鲻飬˲ˣҲΪˣǵݣŲ֪ħ壬ħ
˵ûڣˣڣѾûֵ֣ģѾʶˣǶ֪˭
ϴΰһ˳ǸŮˣǷİɣʲôݣ


ӷ绹ǳԾѽ˵ڳߵһҲΨһһڳߵİɣ֮ǰѪôǷҴߣ
һ֣Ѫʨߵ飬ΪʲôǷɡʵһУǵʨͰź˵ģҴߣڵʨߵģҲطģߵġǵǸͲһҪҳǾԲܵģΪʨ˺ϸİţ˭ħֻҪԼ¶ݣᱻ˷ݡ
ӷ˵ҰָʶʱСǼͲˣ˵ҰʵͼСˣСѵʱͼң㣬תΪС˵Ů
Ӣ۾սʧٵģ֮ûؾǣһСطˣ˼ף˵۾Ǹʱ򣬾ѾӢ۵עˣһþҴߣתΪӢ۵Ů
û˵
ҵϾСˣȻȥ㣬ҲҰһְŵģ
˼׿Цһ˵ֹˣʵճʱ򣬱͵ߣֱڹ¶ԺȻһһУȫǵʨİŵģСʱĲħľһеƣδ㰡㣬ЩͳͳǵʨŵģȻʶϷ壬ǬˣҲǵʨŵģ߿˵ʨЩ˸ʶʵѡЩˣ֪ǽΪ
˼⻰ӷ绹Ǹеޱȵ⣬ԼһУԼȫǳ۰ŵģδҲǳ۰ŵģôԼھĵľҲѲ˹ϵһУʲôʱʱգǰһǧ꣬϶Ҳģ
һʨүүǸӵıѽ¾飬ңҲǰͰź˵İɣ
ţʱҲûҪˡûĳҲǵʨھĳƵ۵ʱѾź˵ġĲ񷶦Ҷİ£䵽ʵǸʱʨѾʼһˣʵ˲֮ģΪľԲ֮ͳһλͳߣʨֲģλδͳ߻ڱ˵ĵ¸ˣֻȥţڰȥ̣ԳΪŲ֮ĵĸףһּΪϸֶΣӵֶȥҲ㣬Ϊͳߣ
ӷܨܨû뵽ѽԼĳǳ۰ŵģλףŵĿѽ񲻹ĸԽĸǲģǲҲļƻ֮һɾԼԼʲôֶΣʵ˷ָóӷһʱ֮䣬λףУ
ǣһУΪʲôأư磬Լˡħɱħ壬ԼҲܰĵѽαҪԼأ
ұ֪Ŀʲôڣ֪۵ĿʲôһУʲô𣿱˵ʲôΪңŲ֮תһ̿ʼͲܽҪӣҪӣھĳƵ۵ʱкܶࡣ
ʨȷбĿģʱδһܸ㡣ʨĿܴܲɣҲҪġ
ңɲҪңҲ뿪ǻԪ磬ֻȥԲŽħ֣֮ңֻħǳȫ
ģʨǲġ֮ҪŵʨһУҸղ˵Ȼ㲢Ǽ£ɵһжͻ֪һеİţһеĲһеľļƻ˵ı㣬ȫΪáǵʨӣʨǲẦġȻԸħҲҪԼȥɣʨֻų飬򲻵ѵʱ򣬵ʨԲ֣


2682 
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ӷ翴˼׵ͨģͨ飬˼ڵ˵Ǿƭ˳ӷģӷַ·Уһ˿˼׶֪顣
ۣ˼Ҵ֪еܰɣûǾԲܵģ˼֪ģܸ߳ӷģǳĻԣ
˵ԶɽϺ꣬ı㣬֮ۿĶѽ¾Զɽڳ۵һж˽⣬ǳҲ֪۵ɣ
ҳһ޵еĴڣħɻĴڣԭ˵Ǽ£޵еĴȴһЩɸ˵ܣǾͲǼˣ
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ӷ磬ʱȥЩ㲻ӦûõġˣϷǻȥȣڵʨ飬ʱһȻġҲǵʱ̣
˼׿ųӷԥ飬֪ӷһ˺ܶ£Щ£ûһǶԳӷõģóӷ˵ģ
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Ҳ֪ȴԸһңҲ԰ԸҪ֪ߴ壬ŸԵ츳ľ֮⣬ķ֮𣬰ѪҲӵеĳѪħħ֮ǾЩӵģҲӦ֪
ѪѪѽѪӷѾˣڶõĲ֮Ϊ֮ȻҪȳҵѪǿ󣬱ˣǿǻԪԿףǻ֮Ȼ԰ǻԪ֮ǰǻԪȻγɵģҲر֮ںܾ֮ǰ磬棬ʱ峤ħĸ״ħ˽밢ǻԪ磬ȴʮӶûסͱˣȻߴ츳֮ˣ
ɶЩҴߣӷ𣬲ܳôշǵģɱϾ壬Ǳѽ
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˼׺ӷ⣬ȷһԼǲǵˣҲ˵᲻Ϊˣԣ˼û˿Ļرܣֱӻش䱨𣬲ؽ塣ǵʨӦǵģе֮ؽ壬ҲΪˣŻͶڵʨ£תΪͬˡ
ǾͲģʱʧԣ
ǲҪģʨûǸĻҲͶ£Ϊ֪ǸǲŻġԣͲõΪĵˣ²Ϊսѣһӭսħ㲻õӭսħʱǻڱͱ㵶ӡ
ӷ룬ڷ˼˵ǲġټľһֱΪȻԼԣڹؼʱ̶Լ֣òóӷ˼׵Ļ
߰ɣӦþƬɭ֡һǼһӵһĺĹѾ۷ˣǧҪСģһãҲгĹƶģʱҿɾȲ㡣
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ڻ˼֮Ͳ˼ˣΪ֮£¡ģһˣٲĵˡԼǲõģв񷶦壬˲бͻԶв֮⣬κ޷ȻҲģ¾Щ˻᲻ʵܹң
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İɣҳ֮ǰѾϹŸūˣǻῴСǵġ
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ӷ罫ʶų˫۳Χȥ˵ζûŵȴоϢһ磬ǹϢӦþǳˡϢȴеˡǧأϹȥ


2683 ϿȾʶ
ɭֵĶһϿȣΪһϿȡνһ죬˼壬վϿ̧֮ͷȥϷֻһߣֻܿһߵգֵطխҲʮվ֮أھ¶ԣֵطǱΪɻأʮϿȶн޳ģֻҪϿ֮ãʯͷ򣬹ʲô¶ǵϿȵˣ·һģһĻᶼûУ
Ͽ֮ڣǱƽģһֱˣ˵ٶȴǺܿ죬˵ı飬Եʮ־ţʲôµĹҪʱǸԵƵģ
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գ˵ף㡣˵ҪȥͶӷ磬ȴΪĵûͬһͬǰȥ룬ǺѽѾ־ƣȴΪһ֮˽Գӷ첻ߵĻҲǿ㣬ҿԱֻ֤Ҫܻ뿪һһȥͶӷ磬ͶˣһԿħġ
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յӻǸǰһӷʶʱһ£ǾԲߵģҲˣ
գһо綾ģ
ո򴨼֩һѾһıƽԼˣھˣҲ𲻵ʲôˣԷԱԼҪǿĶ࣬ѵԼ˻˵ȥɣ
һֻɫĴ֮֩ϣ֮֩Ͽڵұڶײĺۼһ˫ɫ۾⣬ǼֻţһѰѵɢŨŨĺɫҺ壬ɢһŻĳζ
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ҪȥͶӷ磬ûǸˡȻͶ˳ӷ磬Ҳֻˡҵȵϣûκģ
绰䣬ͻȻ䣬ðһħ粻ɵľ̷£վ˳
ԼԦҲŸվһӣͱˡϹħ˶޷ȫԦˣ
Ҳ˵ʲôСɫóȥԸɣεĿԸӷģȴϴǰ㣬Ѿ˴㣬ӷ粻ǽϹż˵ϢϹŵţЩɢ֮ȥͶҾھŴ½ţ·ϵţֻҪ˴ģͽͳͳɱ⣬ӷ֪бģ
գӲƴûõģҪǲܵ飬ԼҲվѽ
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Ҫ֪ɲһĳ壬ҲһޡϴħħԾ֪ʱǹȻǵõħħӵеҲӦǹ֮ϣһǿϺ滹һ磬ȥ϶ռκκôġ
㲻ΪǣҲҵѣҲܿΣնŲܰɡ
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ӷ翴˿ϿȵͷϿȲ̫˵ȽϿȵڸʱҲסܵʱ䣡
ӷ⻰˵ĳǱƵģ˼ȴΪϾǸ磬ڳ˽⣬˼׿ɱκ˶࣡
ûõģǧʲô͵ĶУʲôطǶԳ磬ֿ˵ڳĽ壬ʱԱ仯κһ͵ĳ࣡˵ǽϿȵͷ㽫ϿȶӡҲûõģ


2684 СС
ȴʱ治֪˼˵ʱʲô׳һô״̬²Ǻʱأ㣬˼û˵ҲûһԵ˵ɣ
ܶʱܶˣ֪һ飬Ҳһ飬ǲ֪ȥ£˼׾ôһˣ޷ӷϸ˵Ǿֻǵˣ
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ǵĿūʱʱ˵һĴսرƾеĴսУ󣬿ѾʵˣҲһ֧սʿǵģǿȶƵģȡʤ
ڣνڰ򴨸˵𲻵κãûмˣҲûȥ飬ںܶ鶼û֮ǰǲܴڵģڲǰ򴨻գʵ඼̫⣬һ»Ǽǲܵ飬ҲǱɵģ
˵ĲбѾչֳֶΡ
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һһֵ˵ڣȴĴ˰򴨵ĶС
ʱҲܲôˣܰһ˶
ܣܣܵˣԺȥҰҲΪв½ĵһǿߣȻʵѾһߣҵģȴҪ죬Ǿһɡ
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ңܡˣǣ˭չˡ
ʱջǣӣȥǳǵĿģڶȷֻΪڼǵʱһԱУҶκεıףֻѡ뿪ֻû뵽˽죬ڣûὫĻǣ
Цνĸ飬ڵ˵һЦԼѾˣȥ˭أԼֺʲôʸȥأ
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УԲУӷ粻Сʧ˵ģĿոԼǰҲܶϷϰ˵ѽ
侲ӷ˵㣬Ҹ˽˵ʲôʱ־͡
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ӷ磬֮ǰ˵ˣĿܻ˴£⻹汻˵ˣ
ӷˣӳǸģѽǱпūϹſţʲô˻ܳӷڳ֮ǰͽҪ˵ģǧκһ˳ģ
СӣǻĲͷ˰ɣȻҲҵ
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˼ȳѪɫ԰ףϢûȫңСҲû̫ܵ˺Ǳסˣ
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Ҳ֪ͻȻֵˣΪܸߣûĻӦģ

ڵո򴨶Ǵһֱûħ۵ǸʱҲûǲ֪ǵʱʲôطʲô
û뵽һͱҸҵˡҵ治һĺѽ
౬ըʧո򴨣г磬һʮ֡
һͷĺ췢һĺ£ڤģҲǾڤŴеһˣǵӷھµսС
ڣĵǾŴѾκεˣǿĺĴ½Եǿħ˵ŴǸ裬ǳӷ磬ǰľŴ֮ȥЩνΪÿһ˵Ǿż֮ˣ
磬ɣĳӣһս
Сٵһ֮ΪֱӶս
Ͽϵ˼̾˿˵Сһܹ治֪Ǻ»ǻѽѣڣȴҪԳǵȻˡʵСӣ·һġ
ӷ翴С˵˶֮ǰţĳ嶯佣١ССܹңⲻ𣡡
˳֮ϣڿɲվڳˡ
˫ۿ췢꣬ʵǺˣӿ治Сѽ
вա£СҲ


2685 ʨ
СȻҲѾ磬Ҫս磬ټһɾķݡ
һ£ӷǳվסҪҪ֪С˵У˱֮ΪǿߣҲѾǰսŵų֮һˣ£Ȳ˵˵ˣСǸţͽ߽⣬սŸոճã˸ųսģ˵ʲô˵˳ӷ
ˣңʱ䣬ھŴ½ϣҲεĴڣһ취ҵĵġӷȴԼһųھȥ
֮ǰ˼˵һУʱ򣬳ӷȫ֮ԺˣͲ˼׵Ҫȥ
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һɫ磬Ϊһ޴ĺɫпٵĳУӶϵӶϣͣĳţײƬƵģ
ǿħóӷҪϿȵĳ徢̾ͻͬģϿڵСգ򴨣ʱȫ̧ͷʣû֪⾿ʲô£ֻǿħóӷΪ֮һѵҪʲôѵ֮ҪѵħҪ
ܣԲܣȲܳ۵ʲôܣɼȻڵųųͲܻʱ򿪣ǳѾ˵ǾԲܵģ
ʱ˿̣ϣħվһ˫ɫ۾ǰͲĺӣµı飬ԵħǷʲô㡣
ɫ˫ۣȦԾħ˫ۣħۣ
ħôȥˣѵ㻹ǵǸһζ֪¶ѾСˣħ壬һ֮£֮ϣ춼Щʲô֪Ŀǰԣƣг۵ųܹȴʱͽ˳ȥһʲô£ǽ׼ӷĴɣ
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ħǵŵͷ̧˵磬֪һʱĳ嶯Ϊ֮ǰԳӷ͵Ϯʧܣ˷硣Էģǵ֮㣬궼޷ȫԦųӷһǳĶֵġ
ս˵ڵĳӷ磬ȻǳĶ֣в񷶦壬Ĺƶȴڳӷ֮ϡˣûκε˼ά˼룬ͬһոճӤʲô֪ɳӷأսթҶѾ̹ˣһӷʲôУóϵǳȥ޻ˡ
ħ˵磬Ҳ뵽һ㣬ԲŻȥġҲɵϣӦ֪ʲôʱö֣ʲôʱܵģ
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ħһ˵ħ˶һܨ֪ԼߣԼ֮⣬Ϊǿģħħ֮ǰˣԤƻָʱֽƳ٣һ£ԼߣֻܿԼˡοӷǱ߲˸̳˽񴫳еĳԶɽһոոϹţ˼һħֻܰķˣ
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̫ˡڳѾӷҵãӷó𡣡
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ӣεľûлͷ·ˡ磬ҵĴֻҪ˲Ҿаսӷȫ
ǺáھͱеħԽϵϸ
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ǲмıĻָһַǳˬ˵ȻˣҲһУħкǿģҵ
䣬ȫһڣһӰ֣ͷ·ϰ㣬Ӱֱڳ۵ʵǰһѺۣѺ֮ڹ⣬ȴûгǹӰֱӴѺг˽ȥ漴Ѻۿٵϣʧ


2686 ħ
һ޼ʵĺڰԶûа磬أب棬·ûйʼȴҲûнҲ磡
һͷ׵磬ʱ޿̲ʺ磬Ȼ괦սУȴҲе塣һƬڰ֮أν壬Ѿṇ̀ǣֻһźڰģǵģǺڰģԴı֮νĹ˵ʵ̫ݳˣûйĳ֣
ħƹ֮磬ֻһҲ˵һǵħһȨ֮£ħҰģԶԶ˵ǣһһѾû˿չ򣬶˵Ѿû˿׷ˣħĴ֮£ħˣֻһ£Ǿȥһͬ磬ȥǸ磬Ǹ粢磬һ磬ǿĵطΪǻԪ磡
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ӣΪڰ֮£һ֧Ӵľӣ޷ͷȥ㣬ϸʮصģ֧ܽӵ⣬ħħڡ
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ħûκεķֲȫۼһֻȫǰа֧СֶӰĶԵĸͻ֧Сֶӵ࣬ʮ˶ѣÿ֧Сֶӵǰ棬վŰ˸ɫ׵Ĵ󽫣ÿһףΪΣͷͿǵģֻÿһǸߴޱȣ׵ߣ
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ħۣˣҲ˵ħħ˵ʹħԽ磬ص
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ħȫʼݣеĴħҲʱ˫ۻޱȵǿģҲȽҪõĶ࣬ΪԴħʱչֳƿħӦǼħһֱģɽ뵱ĳңȻûħôӴˣⷽ棬ȻҲûħôƣȻʧıȽϿ죡
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еĴħʵ
ףܣڣδ硣
ʲôδãΪʲôͻΪѵΣǰδеǿ𣿡
״κĶ֣ҲǸ״˵϶֣Ժ֮£ֻǻѸ״ˣ
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Ѿˣȴĳҡ񣬳ҵֳΪ˲񷶦Ǳ߼뺢Կ
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״ˣѾħھŴζĽˣҲ˵⽫һΣһսǣǱ߳һ޵аĴڣ֮Ÿѹ֮ˣħ޷磬ֻкǱߣãҲΪǵĵˣ
ʲôħȻ֪ΣħʱӦýڷΪ谭һħ㻹Ӧ˵ġĵˣеʲôˣ
ۣӷ磬ǸӡһԶɽǳ۵ĸףӷ游ӷ磬ڵĲ񷶦Ϊ˸Ľһգй֮޲ħڻȽСΨһĳϾҪӷɱˣһħͻĸС걻Ϲˣħħ룬ڻδָǰħֱһΣħԮһǵֵסģλѸ״˵״˵ͻƳ۵ǵߣǰ˴ħȥһˣ
ħ˵ͷ˵ԭˡû뵽Ȼǿ˵زһۣԵųһӷ磬Ȼõ֮׵Ĳ񷶦⻹ħһ֮սѽħΪһѣѡҪ֣Ϊͻǳ۵֮ţֻж̶̵ļӣͻᱻǳ۸ӦģϾΪѾǰˡΪ֮ŵһ˲䣬ùȥˣȥɣ
ǣл״


2687 Ҫɱ㣬̽ȡ
òϣħĻ治һĿţȻԼ˵ô꣬Ҳӵлʱˣ˵ȴħʼħҲٵԶħ򣬷·һ˲俪ʼС
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ֹĺڰգŴħų޾ĺڹ⣬Ѿ˺üѺۣѺУȻһ⣬Υ⣬Ǹһ˿㣬ȴʱΪħ˿Ҳ𽥱ѣ
ħĵ⣬ΪħѾܵˣ³۵ôǿҲֵܵסħ
ȻǶһģܶ鵱ΪһͿҪʱ⣬εʱ֣

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ħԵޱȵľţͬʱȫħҲʱע⵽ǵڴħ²۵⣬ֻǵħǽȻͬģ˵ǳȵģŵȫħòȥע⣬ȥ⣡
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۶ʱһָһָеħǰ˴ħڣȫ˫ְסԵĶ䣬·һָѾʹߣסǵħ飬ڼƵħȫ˵ϣȥӸߴȥͷ·һȺϰĿЦ
ħڳһָ֮£Ҳʧħ鱾ûָ˵֮ǰֱˣڣֵܵס۵Ȼǻȥˣ

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ۣҲǴģһսսȻֶξʲôƻ֮˵˵ⳡսνĹĻĴڣһ촳򣬾ƻ򣬼Ȼƻ˹ƾʲôָң
ĿһеֱŴħɣ첻˵ħҪ磬ǰǻԪ磬بǿΪ˭ǿ˭ߣ˭ƿȨ˭ƶҲ֮ʲôҲҶӸ֮ʲô٣ҵĹû˿ƻӲҪĻǾ֮ͬҪɱ㣬̽ȡ
Ҫɱ㣬̽ȡεţεȰԵǴħǰû˸˸˵ǽ񣬶û˵ţ
ħҪҵҳ˵ڵĻһţɷһԣ
˿̵Ĵħʵһ仰˵۵ƣ˫ʱԼħ֤û˵һ˵Ļ
ڵħȫڵϣϿеĴħҲڵȴŴħһ£򲻹ǰ˴ħҲ᲻һеĳȥƴģ
Ϊߣ̡Ϊħδڽվͻһħţϴħ峤ţҲʱȻ޴棡
ȫ׼ʱ硣
ħһ£һѾ˾
죬ʵǲܸӲƴɾ˵ֻҪԼƻĹͻᣬڵʤ˭Ҫħıˣ
ۣ򣬿ɻĵ̡ڣǲǸûصĵطȥˣ
ħвٴκεϣų۵Ҳ֮ǰ࣡
۳ۣǿޱȵƣڴħ˾֮ɢȥԵʮֵɣʲô¶ûƵġ
ˣҪ嶯Ȼħ嶯ħ˵ҲǻħġˣҲûȤҲˣžҪͣ𣿡
۵ĻӰʧڴħǰħ˿̵ķŭѾ޷ˣ
񣬳ۣ壬ҡħ壬ҪǸϾɱ


2688 ٵ
ϣħ۲ͣѪʱħ˵ˣԼǱħģħչȥãͱһǿ˻ڣħһ仰Ҳû˵ֻ˫۲ͣѪ
˺һᣬħʵ̲סˣʵ磬׷ʲô£֮ŴûУ
ħ۴˿̲΢΢գһ£ŭޱȵ˵ʧˣ
ʲôʧܣʲô˼ûлѸ׵𣿡
׵Ѿѣʧˣ
ôܣѵ׵޷ͻƳ۵ǵ𣿡
ħ治˵ʵ󣬾Ͳ֪Ǳ߷ʲô£Ӳ֪ĸףħǳ۵Ķ֣
һΣֻܿԼˡ۾Ȼ򣬽Ҹ˻ԶеҪǿĶࡣ͸ղŽ˵ĻڵңǰͬϰĴڡ
ʲôڵ㣬˵ʵħΪǿʢʱ򣬳ҲǷġ
۷̬µħֻдħǰ㣬һӷ磬ȴĴħͿ֪ˣħۣͲһεģҲֻܸӷѣɵȳӷű֮ϳӷָµʱҪħ壬Ҳֻ֮飬ʱĳӷ磬ԳԽҲһ
磬Ȼ֮û򿪣ǽô죿
ֹ׿֮ţȴû̫֣ӣǸˣһԭġħȥһ˵ھŴ½ȻǵòǱߵԮǾͲóκ⡣
ħҲԥ֪ڳԼⷽ˵жôҪһӷɱԼ߿ҲڶǰĴˣ
ãϹȥųڻû£ϾϢûʧӷҪɱͲܣ
ͬʱڵھŴ½һϿȡ
ӷ˼ףϿڵСո򴨣г־ʱȫסˣȫ̧ͷʣҪ֪׷ʲô£
֮ǰķͻ䣬ɫ׵罻ӣһͣײգӷѾоħħͬγɵģ
ʱ򣬳ӷҲûħǱ߶ѽûȥ͵Ϯħɳ͵ϮԼԼ߻ϰٺ˳ĹƶҪ˵Ļô˵ֲħħѽ˴ħħˣǵڸʲô
ǿħһħħ֣еӷ磬֪ʲô£ΪʲôħħҪ
ӷҡҡͷ˵ҿûϹŴȫȥħģʱħħҲܷ񾭵ѽ뾯ңĿģ
ӷȻ֪ԼվϿʲôûʱѾһ޴鷳֮汻ħˣҲܴ򿪵ʱάֶãɾħǱһʲôħ֮ģҲӷһˣǸʱ򣬾ӷϹţгԶɽħħӷֽ˺ˣϾħ˴ħǹƾûԽ۷壬Ҳ۷ʵ
ħħԵ޹ȥеǱڼ䣬һǷʲôǲ֪顣ӷ磬ڻϵһǱ߰ɣԷһʱӭս׼˵ħھͻġ
˼˵ûħħղŵľٶǲԵ޹ʵģȻǱеһΪġ
ţϵţǣϹˣūȫ׼ӭսħ
ӷҲϻֱʶϵ棬Ҳ˸ղ飬ûһ˸дģ
ӷɲھͻȥûɱС˹ӷҪϳֹУȻСǵһģ
ѾϿȵİлأվ˳ǰСȻΪҲҪְɣҪʱųõģɳ̵֣ĳС֣ͲҪóˣ
СӣȻǳӷˣǽͱȥˡ
һȥҶܻȥǰǸĳӸңҰʬȥһԿǷŹ㡣
Źң
綼ÿЦ˵Сӣֻǳӷ£ǳӷ籾ˣȻҲ˵šŶˣҪɱӦΪ˹ƶһ°ɣҲǣǵ˵Уһ˶֮ǰɱЩʬ壡Ҹ㣬ЩʬϣȫйƶģֻҪһͻйƶ
Ȼҳѵ֪²ɡûǵˣȷ˹ƶ͵͵֤ܳԼͬʱһĹ͡
ͣСѽСӣǲ֪ߵغѽھӷ磬û׳֣ãֱӾͳ嵽˳ǰΪèѽоѽèھҲѽ
ɣ磬Թ԰ѳ
Скһһ֧ìɲǾĵֻСԼķˡ
ɫĳìһˮɣӱϿľŴеĺ֮񣬵ȴȺ֮һԣ˵ⳤìǼ˵ֻһˣֻͨıҪӲ࣡
ߣСӣƾӣҲɱɣҾɱ㣬ҲϴγӷҵǷֳ軹Ϣɡ
绹Сѽǵ׸ͷǸ𣬳ӷûɱ㣬ѾǺܿˣǿӵķϣһΣͷѾˣ
Сɲô࣬Ͳ󣬿νǳţϻ£һֻ
ɱ
Сһгìһӣϣʱ˱ìͷĦһ档
ӣֱǰСٶʮ֮죬ȴûһֱ߳磬ߵұϲͣţϴЦ⣬սսƵģ
аɡĶ꣡
СڿһɲǣͻȻһתˣ״ٵתγһɫͷޱȣؿڣ
СĹһҲ͹ԹԵվԭأ̬ȣһַĵıӣС̫ССĹֱĲˣ
ãСӣ̫ˣ
ӷ綯գ֮䣬ѾʧϿ֮ϡ
Σ˼ûȥֹӷ磬Ϊ֪ҲֹˣȻֹˣǾֻȴʱˣϣҪó˲źã


2689 ս
СͬʱûдԭزѾӵһָ㣬ҪĳһĿ꣬Ŀ껹ڵ֮£ǲֹͣģ
һԾڶʱ֮䣬һֻ޴飬ȫ˴̵飬ֻĸɣһԾ֮ߣɵʣʮֻ֣ÿһֻһһȥԽκһи룬޴ޱȣ֮ǰ֩뻹Ҫһ㣬󻹳һ˫ӵĳֻ˫еģܽȫΧΪʹõģ
ˣ򴨲ܶܣĿ꣬ǽո򴨸ɱҪΪбֶȥɱ˵壬ΪʮΣٶΣ
򴨣Ѿˡڣܣ
գ仰Ѿ˵ܶˣҶҲشܶ飬Ҳһ˶ġ
򴨽շұڱߣȻյǰ
ˣ˵ȴڣǰˣҲˣദյĹϵѾͬˣǰڰ򴨵ֻǸСɫʱ䣬ôһСɫһǿߣ˺ֵܣ
Ҫɱɱҡ
򴨴һܳжôǿɣɣϣҰһüͷͲǸˣ
ܺã
ͻȻ䣬򴨸յĶУͬʱһҲͬһʱ䣬Ѿ򴨳˹ʮֻ֣ʮ˰ͬʱȥϵ£Ӱ򴨵ͷţֱȥ
飡
Ѿʮ׼׼İ򴨣벻ڹؼʱ̣һǿľ磬Լ˿ұ֮ϡ
ǰȴһˣһһµֳ꣬һѺɫĳһǰȻĹĵֵ壬ȴһҲû
տǰͻȻֵ꣬ղѾ֪˭ˣɸû˵ҲȰӷ絥һ̤أϳһ޴ѺֱۣӾʹѺеȥ
Ҫ֪ڱִ֮һ㣬ռϿȵߵģɳӷһ̤ѺۣȻóȥⲢ˵ӷ̤Ѻжô޴󣬶ǳӷ̤ŵ֮䣬һɲ֮˳֮ΧųСˣܴѺеȥ
Ͼǳô׾ܽĻħҲˡӷڳ֮ǰʱȥСġ
ˣȴûΣգǰҲֻ˵˰ˣ֮ǰհס˳й򴨿˵Ǳԭʵֻʵ̫Сˣ
ͬʱҲʱڳӷֵͬһʱ䣬һֻ֣ͽСĹֵСתٶֹ̼ͣסˣеĺɫììͷ磬һֻ֣ͽСìͷС
ٵСβòܵͷɲֻСԿͷô򵥣ȻǳӷˣŹ
⣬ôܣ
СͲԼ۾ԼղһԼɱѽһǰģû뵽վԭûһֻ֣ͽԼɱиƽˣҸ
֪Сó׳󡣽ʶһ£ʲôɱС
󣬺Ĺ֣СٲֵҲʶԼΣգ
ˣǷӦĺܣСʲôԳӷľ룬ʵҲǺѾģֻܿСԼһʱˣ
û뵽ԸСɫȻҪѹ㲻ĶˣΪԸңͲҪò񷶦ָ֮䣬Ҿˣ
СֱӾóӷȣȻıȵĹӷ磬ȻǵˣԸ˵ȻҲᱻԼĵ˸Сˣ
ӷ˲Ҿ㿴ʲôĵָɱ
С¿ûˣ粻úĹҲ̼佫ԼɱҪӣҲûõģ
û뵽СûսûӭսħħҪСɫ
СЦһԳĴЦԼʵ̫ˣΪԼѾˣͿԸӷһͬĵˣû뵽룬ʵ̫Զ
ٷϻȥɡ
С֪㻹УԺҪúŬӭսħӭսħӭսħ壬㻹лġ
ͻȻ䣬СоԼıһǿӿֱӾͽԼڣԼһ̣оޱǿֱӴԼڱ˳
ɫһ䣬뵽ÿؼʱ̾ͳ⣬ԼղŸûо˵Ĵڣڣˣ֪Ӧ綯ֽһ
磬ҲֻСӶ֡бµĻҴ򡣡
ӷ硣ô
ΪʲôͻȻְɣ¸㣬ʵһ͵ˣֻڵȴһͬʱĻᡣڣˣȳһȥɡ
ȥϲǳӷĶ֣ӷӲĻϴεĳ裬ֽһηξܱסҲԱϴҪĶࡣ
ڣ
֪ȻԼǳӷĶ֣Ǿֻˣ
¡һϿȫζֻΧұϣһСףСڣкɫĳ˳
Сȥ˽Ӧｻˣ
ҡ
ٷϻûʱƽϡϴȥסԼˣǧ򱣻İȫ
СҲϻӦһת嵽ոǰ˵λȴȥǳӸ磬ᴦģ
Χĳӣȫӷ߾ۼԶӷ;Զ룬ֻҪȳγƣǾûʲôõˣ
ӷ磬ΪһɵΧҸ㣬ϴҵĳ裬һΣҾҪһ𻹸㡣
ңΪųͿԶԸǣΪɱģѱôܱס㡣
ɱҲʶˣǽ죬ҵ뿴ı£ûĿô󡣡
ļһħڻңôˬϴη㣬ȷ̫ʴһ㣬ˣԵʴȣǶԼ̵⣬ϰ˹ƶһΣ磬ҪϿȣķĹĽգǵļգ
һĺĹϳѵӦĲ˱䲻ɡɣ죬Ǿһսһ𡭡
顭
绰û䣬ֱӴĵ³˳αһֻϣһֻ޴ϣǳͷһͷͽײˣֱӱײڵأղҪһսĻ˵óӷЦ
磬νһսս㻹棬Ȼּһﵱսˣֻϧ˼Ҹû㵱һ£


2690 Ѫ䣡
൱ƣȻһ˸Ľų죬ѽ൱ı磬ųӷ磬ӷ籾һû򵽣ԼȴˣһӰģʱôֶԸӷ磡
ģ㣬㷴ңԼȥӷɡ
ѵû𣬾ħųģû֮ǰҲһ˻ȥڣѡ˰ɣǺţҲҪˣ
ӷĵһĿǳҪߣ޷֮£ӷȻǻġӷ֮·˾ͻŹ
Ͽϵ˼˫ֽӡֻϿȣһǿסˣոҪϿȵ磬ϣһ赲޷ȥ
磡Ȼˣ
ΪǿһĺĹ֮ǰûзֳӷ磬ڳӷ֮Ҳûзˣû뵽γӷɲһģӷһͬǰˣԵʮֹ죬ԼһĺĹԽƳ
ʲôˣɡ
֮ǰСѾ򴨸մϿȣڣ˼Ҳûʱȥˣ˵ˣտȥ硣
ȷǲˣħֵ£õ˲Ǻܶ࣬˵ûħģʶ˲࣬еһһʱ˵ǿһܽĽɱǶħǱߣһصĴѽĻᣬܷŹ
磬Ǿû·ˡʹϿȵɡ
˼ʮ粼һչ֣޴ӳʮ֮ϣʹһĺĹ޷ͻƣ
㵽ʲôˣȻ˹죬ħ·һԨԴ
磬ߴ֮һ壬ɷ
˼ҲϻȻ϶ҪɱҲ±¶Լݣ
壡Ҵߣ
û֪Ļ治٣ôͱ뿪
ҲסҵĺĹ𣿼ֱΡ
ʮ磬á
˼ټʮ磬ڶʮ磬ס磡
ơ
飬飬飡
ϾǺĹ֮һ˼׵ĽжôǿҪȫסǲܵģ
ʮ磬á
˼׾ڸų־ս㣬ƽ磬Ҳý磬һҲʮƵĿ죬ҲõĿ죡
ͬʱӷһԳѾһ޴ʮֶĵĶóӷ綼ȥǶĵĳζӳɢȳԭֳζҪǿ࣡
ӷ磬ٶȡǿ˵ĹƶûϵĲ֮޷ġڸûҪĲ֮
ʲôûҪΪɱӷڿʲôʹĳģ
ܲôˣһԽǾͻܵĻᡣеҲܳжǿֻû֪һ֮ڣɱ
һɱӷ⻰˵ĵȷеˡǣӷϾ࣬˿̵ĳӷѾıĲ֮˻Ĺ֮ȫе
űѪƿȭ
ǽ֮Ĺ֮ϣӷ绹ֱӶ˳Ѫӷӭһ̣ӷѪȻֹ֮ͣ
ûҵѪȻֹͣˣûӷ֮ͬǰֹͣˣ
ô£ΪʲôҵѪ᲻ܿƣ
ܣҵѪ츳ôܻʱʧˣ˽⣬֪˳ҵѪʵ츳
ߴ壬һ츳ľصľ֮⣬ķ֮𣬻˼׵ȫǵ츳ʵڣӷ綼ûоԼѪʲô̫֮Ҳǲ񷶦׵ʱã񷶦ļˣȻǿ˳ѪϾ񷶦֮ף԰ǻԪģҵѪ֮ȥȻǴ·ģ
ɲôҵѪΣյʱȻˡڵպ෴ڳӷӭʱ̣ҵѪȻ̼ʧˣ⵽ôһ£
飬ӷǸ벻ģ
ѪʧӷڵѪӤûֵѪӤҲ˵ѪĽᾧ壬ȻʱˣһֹֹʹĳĳֹͣͬһµĺӰ㣬վǣһҲ
ַʲô£
ӷֹͣ˹ѪӤȻҲóӷǲȻģΪ˸ѪѪӤ׷ʲô£ӷҲֹͣ
һ̣ƽ磬еʮ⣡ֲбѾ˲٣ڣôˣΪʲôͻȻ˵ƽǹĲбĲб·һ̣ʧ˿ڣ
ӷ磬Գʲô
翪ʼӷ磬ǳӷɾʱԸԼˣ
ֻڵĳӷǸоһʮϤĸоָоԵʮܣ·Լһְ㣡
ǳڣ
ɷųеʶҪڵһʱ˽ڵΪһãǳӷǻΣյģһĴڣ֮Ȼڲͬģ
ڣûǳڣںʲôҳҵѪһֹ

ʱѪӤȻΪһѪӳӷð˳ڳӷͷγɣ
ӷ˼ѪӤʲô£Լˣ뿪Լ壡
ųӷˣѪӤҲںˣ˵ѪӤûȫʧȥƣڳӷĿ֮£Ȼ뿪˳ӷ壬ȴǸӷһģ
˿ѾһַǳҵĽʲô˵ʲôڹƵģֻϿ֮ڣܸвģֻгӷѽӷûжˣû˿ȥǲҽʲô

뿪ӷڵѪӤ˿̻ΪһѪͷ˫˫ۣѪ⣬Ѫ⣬ͬʱ˳ϣʹĳҵĽԽԽʮʹ࣬ʹţ
ʱ򣬳ӷ·һС󣬽ʮֺһ־޴ϣӷʱ֮Ȼһ̧ͷû뵽ȻѪӤģ
󵨳͵Ѫᾧٹ黹Ҫȫʬ
䡭
䣬ͻȻȫʼȼһ޴Ļ棬ΪѪɫģѪԪأѪԪصҲǽȻͬģҵѪͬұӷӵеѪҪǿϰٱ


2691 ħɱ
ʼߣûĿģûĿıߣֱ߲ıҵһʹ࣬ʼǿʼԲУͣĿʼԼһһεĽԼԵͺñһⲻͣķת㣬ѪɫĻ棬ӵǿ󣬵󣬻Ѿʧ˴Ѫȴͨ˵ѪҪŨĶ࣬ѾתΪһҺ壬ȫûҺ֮У
һĻӷһ㶯ûУҲֹͣƽ磬Ͽϵ˼ףСˣȫɵ۵ĵϿڵһĻ
׷ʲô£ΪʲôҪѪɫҺ壬ǳѽǲȴִڵĶǵʲô
ѪɫҺ۹֮£ѾһѪɫĽᾧɢѪ⣬һޱǿȻǸѪһģ
ʲô£ΪʲôڳֵĶΪʲôҳѪ
ӷѾͿˣòԭԼҵİɣ˵ģⲻܣǸ磬֮һߣôܻ֮أģΪʲôڳֵĶӷѪӵͬ
ʱĳӷղԼǸֻгӷһˣڲ񷶦ڵĶɷˣپˣû
͵Ѫᾧѵǳ͵ʲôһΪѪᾧĶڳֵĶ͵ȥѪᾧǾ˵ΪʲôǶӷѪһˣΪǱѪ츳
ӷĻڲ񷶦ڵĶɷ˲ȴûȥѯʣȻоڳֵĶӷѪͬǺԣǶ͸йϵˣйϵҲ˵йϵˣ
ľصľ츳֮ܰǰҳҴ˳壬˼ҴҲޱǿħħδֵҴߣ˵ÿһ츳Ҫǿѵ˵Ĳ˵ĲǵĽô壬ıһսҪʵѽ
ӷڿٵţԼѪҲ츳ѵǱ𣿻˵ԭʧȥʲôŻᵼֽǿ
˫ۿѾѪɫᾧϸղѪӤ˵Ļӷʱ֮䣬·˹ȴܿ϶
ӷ磬ˡ˳ǽᾧס
ɷڹؼʱɱʱȳǽᾧгˣɱҲǼ׵顣
ãɱ˵
ӷеĵѾһҪɱ
ʱͻȻһ޴ĺţһǿĺɫ׵磬ͣЩɫ׵䲻֮ǰħħϵǰǿȴҲǳӷֵܵסġ
ãħˣСӣ϶֣ˣ
ħȻؼʱ˹ȻѾɳ˳ԸԼΪʲôҪܹأ
Ͽ棬ɻ˼׼ˣӷĵһӦǺȫˣǵֵסħ˼ףȥʲôˣ
顭
ӷ绰䣬ʮɫ׵磬ͬһʱϿ֮ϣ˼׵Ľ磬ܶٲĽ磬֮䱻ƳˣħҲܻ֮ǰһҪѽ̷˳ӷǰûȥܳװһӷսӣ
һǰѳܸˣļһΣǱӷ硣

һɫ£ħǰС壬ֱվǰӷİ棡
ǿħпٵѹγһ޴˼ȴγ֮ǰ˳ӷߣʵħת
ţ鷳ˡԲħĶ֡ڱҪһᣬһȥɡ
Ϊһᶪһ˲ӷ磬Ҳľأؼʱ̣ǲᶪġˣѾתˣҵĸף׾˾ˣǱܣΣգôܶһ
ҲˣǾ壬Ǳģǳңĺᣬڰң͵ڰˡ
ЩҶ֪ѾˣΪһ࣬ȻŸġȻദʱ䲻ǱϾѪԴϵģ٣һѪԴϵһħеǰǿҲ˲֪磬ȻЩˣһתһȱݣܽȱõֲĻǾͽΪһ㡣ħڡ
ʲô
ȱݣתȱݣҲ㣿
ӷ翴һ˼ף˼׿Цһ˵ħҴߣбȱݵģȱݼȻ㣬ҪҳҲǼ׵飬ڲҪǵȱʲôҳħȱݰɡ
˼ײûֻ˵ӷһΪóӷħȻҲˣ
ʲôˣѵҲ磿
ħĴħν磬ûһɹѵǾûҪ𣿡
˼ֱӺħȫħޱȵĳԾ˵û뵽һϾ֮⣬ȻҴߡ˵ɣһģ
壬ŵ
壬Ϊ˼ǰҲݽйŵЩһ֣һһ֣һһѼѽ
ӷڿûȥħ˼׵ԭȻ˼˵תħȱݣǳӷҪ취ȱݸҳҲΨһ·ˣ
ԭǾŵѽû뵽ҲͶ˳ҡ

˼ھĹ⻹ǳӷѽ
ȻǸѵѽΪĹھȻǵվһйϷ绯ġ
˼˵ֹңľصǾأͬǷĹΪĻңûֵģӦòǹ֮ģȫҲǾһеģ
ȷһ壬ΣʱǵһҪʲôǶԵУҪΪԼһѪôѪȻҪΪ߹ѪˣνĹӣΪ߹Ĵڡ
ľظ˼ײͬΪľرͲܾĴʱԼӳģȫˣ
ħ˼ף˵ŵϾǲǶ۸ϴˣˣǵˣ壬ĺᣬͶңǸԼʲô𣡡
ٷϻȻԼĴ㡣ΣҵĲ㶯ӷһëģб£
㣿ϾһûлָҪɱ㣬ֱ練ơҵĿ겻㣬ٹ£պҲȻҪģͶҵģȫҪ


2692 ᾧ
ӷڿɲʲôӵģϷǵĽҩǰڵõҩͬʱܽħһƸֺ£ӷɲʹ˷Źħǿ󣬽죬ҲҪ֮һƴġ
ǣȻǳӷԼ飬ǳ˵飬ǳӷͲκæ˼Լı㣬ǰϾҴߣӷӲκˣ⵽ѵ죬ԼǷ顣
Ȼڳӷ˵˼׵ǲȥǷģľ֣ӷռ˾ȥռľҲǸʲôöʱ̶ԼռԼıˣȻʱңռұˣҳӷֺαظأ
ͬˣŲͬԴķ˼׸ľزͬǳӷԴķʽȻҲǲͬģ
ȱݣ㣬Ҳս֮лᷢ֡ڲκ˵Բô˵һԿҲãҲҪҵ顣
ӷǰħһһһһСӱϿӷ绹һԴСĸо֪ˣ˭ܻ֪һСĺӣȻħĵڶأ
ӷԼڵʵħĶ֣ɼȻѾߵһǰһѪɫᾧסˣӷܲڷɡ
ڵħҲûȥ˼ף˫ӷ˫۶ӣʱչĹڣħҲɵϣ׶ֵģھŴ½Ҫȥģɱӷ磬˳ɱ˾ͺãʵɱˣ˵Ҫðž޴ΣȥɱĻħȻȷŹλᣬ´Σɱӷ硣
ħ˫۲ͣĳΧɨţѰʲôƵģӷҲħв뵽ʲô
ӣħ޼ɵģҲɻģڳӷߣħɻȻֻˣһǻ˽񴫳еĳԶɽһǸոոĵߴ񷶦Ϲš
˵ԶɽϹŶΧĻһħ֣첻޷ȥԼҲ˵Ļȥˣ
Ȼ֪ħĹ˼ǳӷȻ˵Ҳ˶Ըħ뷨ⲻ뷨ԵıȽ޳˵㣡
Ϊ˵ӭսħͳߣ֮£ȻҪˣò˵ӷȷеƤˡսϣΨһĿľսʤˣôֶΣֻҪսʤ˵ˣǾʤߣߣνʷҲȻʤȥдģʲôʱʧȥдʷģ
ȱħ˵
ӷųʶʶǱܵģӷ⽫ʶ鲼ΧΪģħҲ˵ʶ˵Ļ˵ħġ
ħһ˫ۼӿٶȵĳΧɨţûзϿΧϢɾһʱоħҲϾ۷һΪֹʵȴҪϢȫ˵ǲ÷κġ
ħ˫Ѿͣ˳ӷϣӷ׵ľ룬ħʵ˵֮ҪɱӷĻ³ӷ񷶦ĻᶼûУ
˻ħǹг˼ɻʱĴԾͻᷴӦѾ֪ܶԸԼĴڣǾ͸Ӳˡ
ȻˣǾɡ
ħԳӷ纰
ħ˭ѵ㻹𣿡
ӷ磬ٸһסԶɽϹŶʲôط
˵үүϹ𣿻ħҲηʱ򣿹ħ˵ǳԽ۷ģûԽҲ۷ļѽΪʲôʵ㲻µأ
ƣ˵ʵӷı£ǺƣƣֶΣ֪Ϸˣ˶ٱǿǿߣԷ治ҲӷĻһ£֪ӷںԼģɲһһѽһԶɽϹڸԼնԳӷ֣͵ϮǽҪˣ
ħҶԲң
ȻɱӷǼ飬ֺαȥðأ
ħһ£˵ӷ磬ҽĿģֻΪ˴ȥ㲻Ļø·ҲүүϹŵϣ첻ֺ
ħħʥ֮һħѽôүүϹӣǻᵣ𣬻˰ɣҲˣھɱҰɣҾվһҲɱڻĶ֡
ӷôһ˵ħǸӲҶˣӷҲǴһս
ʲôվɱǲܻеڶεĺûˣ˵´μʱҾѾ˲ű䣬۷壬ٽе˵һԴһȫµľ磬ħֽϵֶƴһ
ħھͽӷˣʮ˿飬ȻˣĲѽģ
ӷ磬㲻ҪҪ
Ŷ㻹ҵűϰɣңħСӣ治֪˵ʲôˡ㶯ʱ㲻㶯ʱ㶯ı˭죬˵ǲǷѽ
ӷ磬
ѽȷھɱҡֻϧѽħ㲻ҡʵɣүүϹţûղҲǹųʶģΪľҪ㣬ơ֪ں㣬㻹ǲҶ֣˵ǲǷѽ
ħħʥ֮һӷ˵ĴôܵסħԭͲ侲ˣڣҲܲôˣ
ӷħȫǺԼˣ˵ûϴ˸أʹںˣ˼̲סˣʱҪˣ
ڣʱǰסħ˵ħˣҪɱԺеǻᣬûҪðѽԶɽϹſ϶ڰжˣֻҪ㶯֣ͻ̳͵ϮģʱΪ湥ӷ磬ӷضԲ֮ǣס㣬ʹ޷ȥӦԶɽϹŵġӷ쵰սթԲûյ飬ԽǼԽڵ
˵ĺѽӷ綼ֱӸлˣħ鷳ɴˣ˵ǰѳʬȥԼʬ嶼Ҫ˴ȥˣ
˵ûӷ뼴ϵŶûС磬ߣȷŹպҪ
ħҪҵĵ̣򣬾Ҳҵĵ̣˵˵߾ߵġȻҽҲû׼ƴһģֻҪ㽫£ҳӷ籣֤Ϊѣ͸ϴһƽƽĻȥ
ӷ˵ģħһƵġ
Ҫ³ӷ磬ǲɵˣ֮ԻھŴ½Ҫȥģȴ뵱ҵɱӷм
ȻˣҪߣҪɱǾ͸ƾ°ɡҪˣڵĳѾһֵĽᾧˣͳһ֣ǺôģӦú
ħһ۱סĳͻȻһЦ˵ҵˣߴ츳չڣҲǿ֪Ϊʲôʵɣʱ츳ϾѾˣΪҴ磬˳Ѫᾧȥҷӡ˳ڣΪһָŻн˵ǿġûѪᾧ츳Ͳܷӳ


2693 ᾧʯ
ѪᾧνᾧȻΪǿҲΪ֮Ҳ˵ǽеľȫۼһγ֮û뵽ѪᾧȻںܾ֮ǰʱ򣬾ͱ͵ˣһħָʾģǸʱħȻûгΪħ峤ֻһӶѣ
Ȼӷ粻֪ѪᾧôãΪʲôʧȥѪᾧ츳ʹȵ½ӷڼʶ⼸츳֮֮֮£ԼѪȷû̫ĶħħԽħ츳Աһɼ츳ħԿħħʱ԰ľسЩȳӷѪ
֮ǰӷûȥʲôħһ˵ӷ練ãܽԼѪָԭǰ㣬Լһǿģ
ҪڣѪĽᾧǰֻɱ˳ͿԵõˣóӷһɲٺħ뷨һеֶΣħƤӵ£ɱԭԼңҲѪᾧ
ħֻҪ֣Կ϶ԶɽϹڸҲģϾûо԰ɱħ֮ǰκˣȥðգ
ȻѾѪᾧҲûҪˡλŵߴ壬ÿһ壬ӵһֶص츳ÿһ츳ҲŲͬáÿһ츳ȴԶĲģһĴʱԣΪȹ̸Ե츳ڸԵһ峤ʱѾһͬİ취Ҳʼһİ취һά츳Ľᾧʯᾧʯκһط츳Ҳ˵ڽᾧʯ󣬸츳ŽᾧʯõģһᾧʯʧҲ˵츳ʧȥԭеĶֻһַǳͨˣͨǿ󣬵ûκζ£ҲǿߴвġڵĳҶԣǰһǵѪʮǿ󣬿Ǳǿֻ֮ǵѪͬߣп޵Ĵڰɣ
ħ˵⣬ԵĺԺǵ⣬ʵᾧʯ߳ӷ磬Ҳ͵Ǹ˳ӷħ㣬ʱֻҪӷ罫ħĽᾧʯˣħħҲʧģ
ȻħҸ߳ӷ磬Ȼɻģ³ӷȥ򣬻ħĽᾧʯҲضȥ޻صģ
Ҹ˽Ļԣ֮ϣħծڲ㡣ڵʱҸȻӦ˸Ҵ磬ҲǵħĴӣȴ˽ıȴû˿֤ݵ£ý¸֪ҸףֵĽħ岻ǣʱҴ˽ҵ˳ĳûκʶĴǱĽأĽᾧʯ͵ˣҲǴǸʱ𣬽žȫ壬ǻԪ磬򣬵ʱҪѪĶȻħˡ
ħ˵⣬ӷҲˣʱĽ񣬲ҪģΪȥǻԪ磬ҲǱΣᾧʯĶʧ½ʱҪħսˣĻᷴɱԼȫأ
֪ԼѾħԿ£һҪȥǻԪ磬ѡ񣬵˵񵱳ѡȫħһɵģóȥ͵Ľᾧʯǹħͱˣ
ԭ֮Ҫȫ壬ħɵģʼٸߡ
˵ûҲ˵һ£ΪĿģʲô鶼ɵĳ
ɲôȻѾ֪˹ڽᾧʯ飬ǲǸԭأ
ӷ磬̫ˡҪ֪Ҵħ޷ȫԦģҪΪ̰ԣҴƭ˵һóԵĶҲȥġڳ͵Ľᾧʯʱ֮󣬾Ҵ磬Ҳ޷ᾧʯȡᾧʯǳΪ˳һָ֮ǿߴħ磬Ҳᾧʯİѽ
ѹ֣ѹ֮࣬ӣӦǴĽᾧʯõİɡңͬ˵õᾧʯӦûӵвͬᾧʯصӵѪǾָܻԭӵе츳˵ģûɣ
ӷ磬ȻǴֻ˵˳õᾧʯΪĸȴ뵽ôࡣӣ㻹ǱȽӿµѽ
ٷϻȻôĺôǰһܻ츳ã죬һŹ𣿡
㻹ûǱ°ɡҪҪ
ҪҵĺƸŵˣүүϹţһ̳һڳȫȻ֮Բٺ㣬̹ףҲ˵ĽᾧʯҪˡ˭ģע˭ܵõĽᾧʯҲԭ˰ɡңħ֪֪ΪʲôĽᾧʯڳôöûʲôһңͿʼзӦأ
ħʱ֮ɫһ䣬ѽӷ˵ûĽᾧʯڳڴûκε飬ֻǸ˳ˣħòΪʲôӷ磬Ľᾧʯ궯ӳڳˣҽסͺñȷӡһ㣬ڵĳһжˣ
⣡һĽᾧʯӷڵѪ˹ĽᾧʯҪˣ
ħ˫һתĽᾧʯԶĻǰǲ˿ԥġӷĺᣬңĺᣬħ޷ȥֹᾧʯһӷõ˽ᾧʯǾ͵ǻָ츳ǶصɾͲǳӷһ˻ѽӵгѪˣħڣҵѾȫ˺Ĵ½Ȳ˵ģ۸ԶɽеѾǿˣǳۣٵõ츳Ǿ͸ˣ
ʵħĻ֪ӵгѪģɲǳ۸ԶɽѽԶɽһе̣Ҳӵ˳ҵѪг裬ǣȫӵгѪģǳĵѪӷȡˣǳģҲõôģ
ܸӷ綯֣ԶɽϹŶڣҲᾧʯӷϣڳӷߵʵʵֽдȵ
ħֻߣųȥɳӷĻô׵ķŹۿֵᾧʯĺôӷܲռ
ôۣʱȴվħǰұ뿪һˡӷʲô㣬Ժ˵
ʲôЦԸڻ𣿡
ǲߣҪñҵġֱӴӲ񷶦ڳҵվ˲񷶦λȥħڶʱ֮ڣǷӦġ
ɢħעȻֱȥĽᾧʯ
û˼
ӷ˲񷶦ʧӰ٣ħ޷ڶʱڷֵġңӷ绹ųôۣô۱ԼӣվԼڵλϣħҲֻΪӷͷų˲֮ʱڲ룬ӷʱ֮ڣֱȥĽᾧʯˣħֲ


2694 λý
СӣҪ𣿱˵û㣬ս˵ͨˣķȷЧˣԵħħʥ֮һһӦͻֱܵӵв
ȷճӷôս˵ˣǳӷĳɹʻֻܴϧӷԵħһͬ۷壬ǳԽ۷徳ļһһ֣û̫ģ
ɲôȻᾧʯԼǰԼѾ֪ᾧʯԼĺôӷ粻ܸĴۣҪᾧʯŪֵġ
İɣħܷӦӦ֮ǰѾõᾧʯˡ
ӷѾ϶ȷܳɹģֻʱѽյķǳãһ㶼ܳ©ңڶȡᾧʯһ˲䣬޷ɱģֻԼѪᾧʯֹýᾧʯ
Ҳô˵һӷʧܣ˵ʱûпƺãħӦ˹ħ֮ľ룬ӷҪֱӳڳߣ͵Ҫħߣôľ֮£ħԿ֮䣬ɱ˳ӷ磡ԶɽϹڸҲǲܾȵ³ӷģ
˵ӷڶĲĵĲԼʱϵգͬʱãκεĲǲòᾧʯҲħֻҪӷһֽζʲôһУȫ군ˣ
ȻѾˣǱҲͲ˵ʲôˡԼǧҪСģΪ縺ģѾһ˵ʹˣеģǰ˴񷶦ʹȫһ˵ļϡˣҲȫһ˵ϡ
ӷҲ˵ڵľƣѵԼ᲻֪𣬵ӷԼϵĵжأʵ£ҲǱסġڳӷҪ飬ԼʵʵҲ񷶦ѽԼÿһҪУҲǳӷھŴ񷶦ǰ˴񷶦֮ͬ
ˡ׼ҽ񷶦ͬһʱ䣬ϳҵӡǧҪħ˵һ仰Ǽһĸ֪ʮǿģһڣڵһʱϳ㲻ұˣĻ鷳ˣ⣬ɷҲҸô۽ͬʱ֮ȫͷųȫô۵ϣò֮ڸס֮
ڵôۣɻûָǰļеģֻô۵һаˡħ֣ӷһʱӲ֮תΪ˱ȽСһɵģһɣһʱҪʲôȻȥһĳˣ˵ʱô۵һ˿ܱ¶
֮ţ֮俪ӷҲڰգ֮ͽ˲񷶦ô۱ɳӷģ˳ӷ֮ǰλϣֽʱ䣬Ϣеķ涼ҪƵʮֵܳκε©ӷ͵
ڣô۸ӷҲʶôˣһֱڳӷڣڳӷһж൱˽ģǶɷǾԲܸӷϵ֮ħһûУ
ӷô۽λ֮ô۱ɳӷħ⻹ô۵һħģ뵱꣬ħڶνʱħ붫콻ֵʸûУħ壬ҲֻħһˣܸڶĲ񷶦콻սû뵽ô꣬ħȻлԵڶ񷶦ֻԼ֪ˣ
ӷڽ񷶦󣬲û̾ͳڳǱߣΪӷһֱӳ֣ڳǱߣҲħ󣬾ͻֲ֮ͻᱻħġ
ӷҪȣȶɷͷų֮ǵô۵ϢʱǸʱ򣬲֮ȻҲ鲼Ͽȣӷֵܳģ
ڡɷ𣬽еĲ֮ȫͷųԽԽãħս״̬˿ӦȥעĻᡣ
񷶦ճӷ˵еĲ֮ȫͷ˳
ʱ֮䣬ϿȣȫǿĲ֮סˣ˼ҲǻһѵӷҪȷĻûҪڸһʼʱͷųǿ͵ڸħǰ׼Ļ
˼׸ӷദʱȻڳӷ磬൱˽ģԳӷΪ˵ôֵ᷸ͼĴôĵˣôķħǿ󵽱̬ĵˣóʤֶΣǲսʤ˵ģ෴Ͽµļˣ
ӷ磬𡣾Ҫħ֣Ҳֱӽеѽ
˼ʵ̲סѣվǰĳӷȴһ仰Ҳ˵һ㶯ûУ
վţһҲ˼Ҫǰȴһַ·һе˿
жɷĲ֮Ͽȣô۱ϣǴ֮ģǿĺܽľֻڵġӷ硱򣬸Ͳܲĵֱ֮ǵ֮
˼³ӷ˷ִǰû뵽ǣԼȻһɻˣ
˼׵ɫһʱʮѿг˿־壬Ŀųӷ磡
ԣǰӷ磬һһ֮ǰȫ⵽ôһ£
˼ױ뿪ѯʵģʳӷǲ˳ĹƶֻǱħħˣŻӣ˼ֲȥʣ³ӷʲôƻŻģһԼʱȥ˳ӷĻᣡ
ħʱҲѾħͷ˳̺ˣҲܵѽ
лĻԻֱ˵ģֻǣڲ֮ħѾסϿȣһ·ûˣ
ӷ磬ӣ컹ѽ
ħųӷ˵Ǳǲмûӷ
Ҷ㻹ʸ񡣡
ħô˵ӷһ仰Ҳأ˵ôһ仰Ҳ˵ң˫Уûħһ£
Ȼһ仰˵ˣղŲǺ˵ôװģ˵ʲôҪᾧʯǿɲ˵˵еģûб£˵ĽᾧʯǼȫҪ
ħӷ粻˵Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ΪħѾоһǿϢϿ߿ǿϢԼϤģɣϹŸϹˣ
ħʱ䣬ҪٶȽӷҪֱˣϹŵǾ鷳ˣ


2695 սħ
ӳһϿȵķԼٶȷ䣬һǿ۷ľ磬һ۷ľ磬˶ˣϹŸƣ
ϹǰùңȸϹȥɣˣ£
ģħھŴҲһסġǵǱ߿ħҲ˼Ὣ̫һлᣬ϶˵ģԲսҵĵǣڵھŴǱߣħ֮⣬񻹳һһҴδ
ᾧѾһϿǱͷ˳ԼٶھŴ½ӿΪᾧڳڵģûѪںϣԵĺ֣޷ȫȥӦ
ɾΪᾧȶ˵Ĺ죬ϹŲòģ˵ħǱߵģӵд˵֮ˣʵضħ̫࣬ھħˣϹһ֮ϹȥҲûõģ
ϹǰǼ
ʲô
ûȻԵĺǹ죬ҲȶѪƣͺͬһް㣬ֺʲôͬĵطֻ˵֮ͬѡԿ϶ǣԲħǱߵģӲħģ˵⽫һħ֮ԻʱϹпܾΪġȻҲųħΪ˳óɱܹġ
ţ˵ҲûɲôǱٶȸȥƣҾһˡ
ϹǰùңϸϹȥɣǱҪ
汻ħ˵ˣϹһϿ߸Ϲħûʱ˷ѣһϹŸϵԶɽҲܻܹǸʱԼɾ鷳ˣ
磬ûҪӷȥѺĹȫͻƳӷĲ֮ϴ뿪
뿪ģɲɵ￴ųӷħ򣬲֮ħĲѻǳӷħȳ̶ȵģһĺĹҲǾԵֵסģ
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ҪĹʱħҲʱϣħǰĳӷ磬ͻȻͷųһĺڹ⣬ڹ⣬ħͻвûħӦȻ䣬ħһޱǿĲ֮˳
ᾧʯҪˣ
ʲô
ħû뵽ӷȻͻȻ֮˳Աߣ˼ףҲû뵽ģ
ӷվԭһҲûղŲħô˵ӷһ仰ҲûճճӷԸ˵ĻͲһ䷴Ļûѽ֮ǰĳӷȫͬ
ڣӷͻȻ˳ԱߣվԭصĳӷҲ𽥵ķű仯ΧĲ֮˵ϿȵĲ֮ȫۼ˳Χħ̷Ӧ˹
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ϵˣȷεȷϵˣҲȫΪʲôղųӷһ䷴ûˣΪվԭأħģѾǳӷ籾ˣ
ħ豾һС
顭
һѺ۳֣һĺѺðⲢħ֮
̡
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ҲȫĿ϶Կ϶ǣ죬ĽᾧʯǴˡ
ʲôЦǶƣҲֻǸˡһ壬Ҳ赲𣿡
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ͷۣӣħΪԾʲôˣô᳤ô֣ȥκεѽһ࣡
Ҳгģ
ħ˶ˣʵǺˣ
˵ڰ˴񷶦𡣡
ʲôǸҶĲ𣿡
²סȥʧܣٴεʧܡħ걾ûӭսħ壬ǽ죬ȸɡ
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ħǰһըɷҲˣ
£ħϳǰֵˣӦ˵ǵֵĻ壡
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ħȻ̧ͷ۷壡
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ৡ
ϹļʱѾϵûκεķϻֱӳħǰ
ħŵһߴڰ˴񷶦󣬳ԱߣھŴĳӷ磬ҲѾʼˣѪӤʱʼסѪɫᾧУ
ѪɫᾧʼѺۣѺУһǿѪסĳҲ涯ͨѺۣһҽ
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ϹΪסѪɫᾧ
ʲô
ߴ츳ᾧʯӷܵõǾͽȵѪѪ츳ҲоѡԣΣҪӷõǿᾧʯ


2696 磡
˵ʵһϹŵĻһܵеĹħϾħڵȫָˣħǸħ壬ϹŻӦһ£ħĿǰΪֹûչֳʵֶΣʱԶɽһԹʱ̫̣˵κ⣬Ϊһľս˫Ҫֵ׼չֳԵʵģ
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ħѽĴ񷶦Ըһȳӷᾧʯǿɾ񷶦һˣڵĲ񷶦һħǿ壬ħҲռݲκαˣ
Ȼˣλĸˣͺǣסħɡǻ壬ǧܷӵޣǵĻʧģ
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ɷڽԼϹŵڣԴϹŵϾǼУֻϹӵʵ壬Ҳֻӵʵ壬ܸħԾ
Ҳʱ򣬽Ϲŵڣôûָǰļ䣬֮ҲûУǲ֮ܽϹŵģһöûУ𵽷ãԣôҲָֻôϵΧħ磬ôǣסħ
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ֻųӷںϣҲѾ𽥴Ѫɫᾧ˳ѪɫᾧγһĽᾧʯɢѪ⣬֮ǰӵľ޴ˣĳӷ޷ۣ
ʧȥᾧʯҲ֮½ĹƶȴûκӰķ˳С棬ӳĿҲʼѱ䣬ȣһɫĳѣͬĳѣȴʱ𽥵ȥ
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Ϲų׾סˣΪԺľУȻħ޷κε˺ֻǻӰӣħʵȷǳԽ۷ѽвɷϹţҲԸħӣҲֻгԶɽ򣬳ӷΣˣ
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2697 ǲ
ħ磬磬ֽͨĽ翴ûʲôͬĵطֽ鲼ǳССֻܷӡסһˣȴŷӡǧˣǧ֪һԭȻѹһȭͷĴСһȭȥɶƻѽ
ڣѾ֤ʵħԽ۷壬Ҳͬǰ㣬ħһֽķȥģַħ֮⣬ڵ£붼벻ģ
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ħͬڽ֮ڣڣһЦ˵Ǿͱ׷˼ˣҵ磬˵ǣħ֮УҲֻҴܹƵˡ죬ӷ粻ǵòĽᾧʯҪҵĽ֮ڡ
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ͷ·һƬС͵Ŀռ䣬һƬС͵棬Ҳ˵һС͵Ļ磬ӷħʹռ֮ڣڳӷħмλãĽᾧʯ
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룬Ҹᾧʯ֮⣬һһɣ
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ħһתͷԼ󣬳ĳѣȻҲղŸû֣ڲýʱ򣬽ӡ˽ҲãȻڽ֮ڣϹǾͲܶԸ˳ˣ
һǺѽ棬ҵƿɾҪʧˡڳҽ֮ڣҪЩ˳ƶˣͬҪᡣ
Ϊڻ𣿡
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ӷ绰δ꣬ͻȻ䣬ɢ⣬ˣɲ֮䣬Ȼ˱仯
ħųӷȻһ棬һ޴ëë棬ħǲ⣬ӷ絽Ҫʲô
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룬һ棬Եİɡո˱֮ǰǿ룬ʳϣҲҪɣ
ͻȻ䣬ڳӷߣٳһһĳӣ֮һһëë֣һǷǳģʮ֮ڣ֮ڣȫǳ壬ħߣҲǳӣ


2698 ħһ壡
ĳռ磬ӷûҽô۵ıϷʹÿһ˳ӣһ֮ڣ˵ȫǳӷıˣ
ħӷһ֣ʵ벻ףӷ絽ʲôʵ֮£ӷֱҪʱģ˽޷Ƴ֮£ʱڳӷ˵𲻵κεã
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ڣ˵ڽڵÿһ棬ȫǳӷı壬ңȫŲ֮ӷӵеħһʱ֮䣬ͷֲһֻ棬ĳӷ磡
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ӷҲ֪ʲôѽ˵Ѫ츳Ľᾧʯôܻħ츳أⲻѧѽ

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ʲôˣ
ӷħͬʱʵ
ħѽħ壬ΪóȡĽᾧʯһ᲻֪ѵΪĽᾧʯôױǵߣֻΪ˽ħѡ
ӷûħȴһ֮˵ԭĹ
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2699 ף
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ѵҵѪҪᾧʯʼں𣿡
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ħû뵽ҲнѽƴħǰɣǾ͵ɱ˳֮ٳȫɡ
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Σô˵ܽᾧʯ϶ʲôֽţᾧʯϾģΪģҲһΪħ塣ĽѾûħˣ̲ǿֻܽħĻᣬȻĺᣬںĽᾧʯ֮ãһ𣿲£ңҵȵǿű䣬Ϳˣ
ӷ˵ĵȷҲûȻڽᾧʯ϶ֽţó͵ߣΪģȻǽԸħõġɽҲѾ㵽ᾧʯ鱻֣ҲѾˣǸʱӦþԼĺõᾧʯġ
ַ˵Ͼ壬ħϾħ壬ͬ壬ֲͬһһǻһʲôû֪ڳӷں˽ᾧʯ󣬶ٻΣյģΣգпܻɾͲھű䣬ҲóӷһԿ϶ǣԲҪ˳ӷ
ħϣħ˲Ѿһˡӷ磬ûȥֹ㣬һħϣһͷβĹˣһܼԦܿƵĹʱչ޾ɱ¾ߵˣˣ㶼ɱֵģǽĿģΪģҪõõħںϵĽᾧʯ֮ײϣδɵһУΪһײϵļһ
ħڵܴ󣬶ҳӷ绹ĳħļˣ³ӷںᾧʯ󣬻ħȥ޴вǸʱ򣬾Ѿǲ񷶦вôˣ
ħ㿪ʼˣҲ֤ħϵħ嶼󲻵ġԦңңҸ㣬ҳڣûκȫļԦңңҵĸףҲ첻ҵ·Ҳᰴŵȥ
ӷ˿̵ħ󣬶һŷŭ˼˵ЩӷʵǲģԼһбţǸԼҲУΪԼ·ҪԼȥߣҪ߳һȴҪ߳ԼֿУ
ӷ磬ס֡
ӷʲô¶ܲˣ߷·һ˵ǿǾںϽᾧʯɣӵһǾںϽᾧʯɣ󲻵һǰδеֻҪں˽ᾧʯΪá
ӷ˫ۣʱѪ֮ɫһֶֻһֶֻᾧʯ󺰵ʲôħҾҾħħеһУƿأеһУɣᾧʯںϰɡ
ӷһǿֱⷢӳ˳ıĲ֮˳ӷеڳϣʱ֮䣬Ȼûκεıը֮ģȴޱȵʹ࣬壬ʼӷѹƣѹƣҲóȫʼСССǳССĳֱ˳ӷУ
ӷһֻ֣ɢǿѪ⣬ͷѪᾧʯѪӤһ𣬽ᾧʯҲĳӷƶ
ɣһУˡᾧʯںϣħΪһ壬ħħǱɹ⣬Ҳյѡ񡭡
磬ʼҡʼζħӣˣоһĿ־ĽᾧʯԼħںϵĽᾧʯ
ᾧʯѾӷһסһΪһѪɫҺ壬ųӷȫӳӷëϸףӷڣ

ʹ࣬ӷо˾޴ʹ࣬·Լÿ񾭣ÿһϸеѪҺͬԼĹͷڣڷ仯
һ̥ǵĸоָоóӷоһޱȵаа񣬱ôۣаۣҪа
ħ˫ķǳĿųӷ磬ӷƤһѪɫһ˾綾Ѫɫдڣħһ֣
鷳ˣһǷˣȻĸħϣҲѾˣڵľҪ뿪ܹҪԼҲİ
磬Ƴ
ħ˫һţ翪ʼٲˣȳӷȫں˽ᾧʯħ֮һʱǾ治֪ᷢʲôˣ
ħ𣿽Ҫûء
ӷȻûͷϣֻѧɫγɵļǣȫ£һѪɫƬЩƬɣͬһװ㣬ȫΪģӱϿȥ͸ģԿӷڵй죬࣬ǲ񷶦״࣬
ħ壬ħ壡ĸоǿ˵ʲô·û·ǿ壬ǹӰ㣬Ҫһ·ôʿڿʼ͸ҵսںϣһȫµװɡ
ͬĳӷ磬˫ǰһƣ˫֮ǰ˳ҵףʿӣ
ħĽ磬ѾԻ٣ڣף


2700 ƿղץ
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ϹŵˣʱȫˣǿϴӽɢҲѾѵĺۼԣڽһǷʲô£ȫǳӷģֲ̫ħģޱȵľ޴ޱȵǿһϿھŴ½֮Ĵ½󣬽顭һǿҵıըͬʱ綼
Ǻεȵǿħȷǿ԰ĵϹҲĵӷǾ԰첻ģָͲħģͲħħѽô֮ڣʲôˣܱǿѾȫüˣһǰδй
½ϣľص˶ŵɫ԰ףÿһ˵񣬶˵ھŴ½Ǳߣ
̳֮ڣԶɽһֱڻָڱűڱҲûѹ֮ǿĳԶɽҲһ
ϣħھŴ½ǱߣţǿԼ֪ôģħڵھŴ½׷ʲô£
ųѾĳۣ˿ҲȻ˫ۣ̼һת濴˵ھŴ½ķ
ʲô£ǿֹңδ
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ħħܣӷǱѾϹţħҪɱӷǾûô׵ģħħشħ屻ӡҲʱȥ鷳ɼȻħҲħ⵽ôһ£ΪʲôӷϢȫʧˣ
Գ޷ȥ飬ɿʨϾǿʨԾԸ֮ǰǲģ
ˣ
ųһ󣬳ˣһһҲ˵һһС
ٸھŴ½Ǳߵ׷ʲô£⣬ӷϢѾоˣǲǳ£Ҳҿ϶ԣǰھŴ½ȰӷҳҲӷʧģӲܾˣ
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ڳߴ˵۸磬ľر¶ˣҲ¶ˣ˼Ҳ¶ˡٱ¶ħǱ߻лǰ
۸磿
УмˣƺΪ۸ģ¶ƺΪʨ˶ƣƺΪ۸ģҲûѽ
ԯѾͬˣħ巽ʱдĶӷҲѾղסˣɼȥ̫ᣬʲô޷ص
ԯûڵʱԯȷƺ۵ģû뵽ԯûȥӷǱߣȴ˳ߣݾǡ
壬壬塣ӷѾ֪Ҵߣھֻʣˡԯһ常ŮĹϵҲǱȽ˽ӷģʲôôߣҲܿ͸˼һˣ޷ӷﵽʲô
û뵽ȻҲѵҲҴ֮һ
ڵʱԯڵˣҵʱǵʮʱķ죬ԯӸŮ³ӷ벻ԯȻҴ֮һ
ʨͷĺˡϾʱҸ˧һʱ䣬ƢԸҲе˽⡣ôĵˣ˧綼˷ģοүӸϹţкüĲ񷶦ǱߣӦóʲôµġ
˵ôʱҴߣһʱˡԯΪҴߣΪҴߣת֮󣬶ҵİ½˸ԵݣڣҲʱ򣬽ݱ¶ˣħ֪ΣҾʮӸħҲҶǵġ
ԯ˵ȻˣǾ͹ȥɡֱȥӷǱߣ׷ʲô¡
ͬʱһϿڣϹŵڱըȫʧ֮ء
ħĽѾˣħ˿ҲѾϿ֮ϣܵûӰˣħҲûľȥǸ쵰飬Ȼȥ֮ˡ
˵ܲ˵ġ
Ϲż˸ħһȴǳӷģӷȫͬġ
һûһϹż˵ǰڸѪɫγɵף޴ޱȣϹŵҪһҲʮ־޴ģ֮£һѪɫƬͷϳǣңߣž޴ͣĳβȫ֮󣬾ͺñ㣬ҲΪѪɫģ
˭ʲôˣĹӷأ
˼ǰҪѯʳӷʲôطȴƸֹסˡ
ǿ󣬹ܶԸģҲֻ۷Ĵˡ
ûﵽǺηʥΪʲôħĽг֣ħӣѾĵĲˣڻη

ϹǳΪĹʱһЦȫף֮ڵƬȫ͵һ磬ͣĳϹǴȥ۷壬Ҳˣ
ǣʶ𣿡
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ɷôۡѾĵĲˣٲ񷶦ǵĻͻġ
䣬üĴһ˳֮ţ
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֮⣬˭ӵв񷶦ٷϻϽ񷶦ھɱħ
ɱħǺôĿղϹֶɱħڱӵĳӷ磬Ȼ˵Ҫɱħ
ôۿųӷϵףʿȻʿûһʵ壬ҽǳҵս£һȫµףСӣڽڵ׷ʲô£Ϊʲô
ȳӷشϿ֮ϵħȴЦ˵ΪʲôǺ֪ܿˡȴħĩգ෴ӷӣЩ˵جΡ
جΣ
ϹżͻȻеһֲϢϢǴӳӷϷģ
ãϹţϴ뿪Ҫ񷶦ˣϹһߣжԶ߶Զ֪ͨǧҪңҲҪ
ӷȫ˱仯ڵĳӷ磬𵱳޷Ƶʿӿ£µ˵ӷ޷ƵʿһӵǿõĻĳӷ磬һӵǿĹ
ռץ磬ҹ
飡
ӷͻȻһȭԼǰ˹ȥһȭȥֱӱӷ˿ռ䣬ңӷֻֻֻצӵֱ֣ӳƿռ䣬ڿռһߣһʹĲҽ
磡
˼ۿӷȻָȡֶΣѾ˵ץ˻ôһ£ȫͬĵطӷȻһȭƿռ䣬ӵһץ˻Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ


2701 񸴻
ѾٶھŴ½ĵĿռ䣬ͻȻһɹĲ漴ռ䶼˿һѷ֮УһֻѪɫצӣԼץסˣֻצָֻͷȴŷָףֻצϣȫѪɫƬƬϣһɫѪɫףʹûüӦˣͱֻצӸץ˿ռѷУ
ǰһĻȫɵۣԼٶһϿѽ˵ھŴ½ѽΪʲôֻصһϿȣ⵽ôһ£
˵磬ϹżˣվϿϵħ벻ӷȻͻȻӵͻƿռÿռѷ죬ѱط˸ץҲ̫˼˰ɣ
ѵѪ츳
ħűӷץס磬ǿһܵĻᶼûУ
ԣѪ츳Ͳģѵħ츳֮ӵеر
ħ治ˣΪۿħ֮ӵеǿһôĳ̶ȣֻͻƿռĻǸͲħκεвħҲͲҪϣ
ڣһӦͻأӷֻצӣֱӾץ粻ͣңңڹʲô壬峤ӷԼ޷ڵˣ·ԼеںΪһƵģ֮ڣҲʼںϣûΪ׵Ҳûиеںϵ֮£ӷе˾޴ʹ࣬ʹ࣬óӷʧȥһеԿֻʶڰˣ
ӷ磬㡭
飬顭
һһΣӷץң类ץģҪѿȴ첻ӷȫѹסˣ
֪ٲȣԼ·һˣΪĹ׼ˣɲʱˣ
ħˣҡ
ģҲֻħˣֻϧħڶѱڳӷ紦֮󣬾ֵħˣħ뿴ħ֮ɵ
磬ɣû˾ȵ㡣ԼƲסˡڣҵʶ˼άѵģɱ㣬ҲҸеˬ죡
ħû˵ӷȴǴЦҲӷ˵ǰ㣬Լ޷ȥħϵӦ˵ԼеȫںϣԼںϵסˣ
ӷ磬ֻҪ첻ɱңԸ⽫Ĺ͸㡣
ˣĹȻûˣȻҲ䵽ˡΪҪǣѾ˵ˣ޷ҵɡ
ӷΪԼͻֱӽħϹǼҲΪģûĵ˿̵ĳӷ磬Ȼ߸߾ûһδεңצһץס磬һĻħϹżˣȫųһ亹
ӷϵƬһѪɫҺ壬Һ壬ȫӷ˫צӹȥͬһɺ㣬˫צΧʱȻ˫צץס磬ǶһѪɫľʯ͸ղǿĽᾧʯһӣֻС˲ٶѣ
ʲôʲô
˵ĻᶼûУѾӡѪɫʯ֮ڣɳӷȴ֪ԼʲôֻĪѯʣȴһˣԻشӷġ
צӣ˳ӷǰӷ˫Ѫɫ˫ۣͬѪɫʯ˫ۣĶצеľʯԿӡס磬ھʯ֮ңֻֻгӷһ
ӷ磬ҳȥҷӡʲô¡Ҹ㵥
ҲʲôѾȫӷˣӷԼ֪ᷢʲô£ãҽгӷ絥
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ϹǼħȫ۾һĻûκһ˸ȥգ۵ģ»ΪʵһĻ㣡
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ͷ·Ѿ뵽ʲôȴ˵ڣ

ڳӷУûĵһ֮ǰǽᾧʯڷȴڳӷ
ʲôϴȥ
ӷҲѽںԣǳӷڿųӷ磬ڳӷĽڿųӷ磬˵ֻǽһʶˣʶѾڳӷ֣Уӷ籾飬񶼿ڳӷȳӷȥ
쵰ȻҪҳˣǲ⣡ӷĵԼȻʲôԼôĵ飬ӷôĵǳ˵ɣӷ֮ǰͻɹǳܾͬԴᾧʯģû뵽ȻģҲ˵ᾧʯڳ̫ãһħ츳ɵһȫǾǳͬ
ֻҪͻõԵԽ࣬ͻԽ󡣳
ӷʵǿƲסԼ壬˫צӣԼ죡ѾˡǡҲųӷ壬ͣĳӡסľʯܳӷôûã
ӷ磬㣬ʲô㵽ʲô
ӡھʯڵɫޱ䣬Ҳ·Ѿ뵽˳ӷҪʲôѾ뵽Լ³ȴȥϣҲţӷһ࣬ôܻ飡
ʲô˲뵽ֲȥŵʱ򣬳ӷͣѾȫ˿ǳһ㣬һҧֱӾͽʯҧһ룬ʯڵ磬ӷһҧȥֱӾͷΪ룡
ħˣҡ
㣿ħڶëȻˣڻɣ룬ԼǺģٸڵĳӷȣԼǺģ
޷ĳӷ磬һһ뾧ʯһ磬ǳԵĽζģܳӷ籾жôĶģ޷£ӣ񣬶еġ

ǿͣӳӷðǿһѽû뵽˰ˣõһӣħ֮Ǳ̬˷ָ
ƼӷҪһˣʵڿȥˣ󺰵Ȼǵĵˣѽ࣬顣ס֣ϡ
ƣܣڸͿƲסҵˣҵ֮Уڿסҵ壡
ʲô
ħһ˳ӷ⡭

ȻӷĻ䣬˲֮ڣӷͷ·һƵģǱ񣬻ȫ˱仯
ħħгԶɽҵĺȫϵˣģֻҵѣҵ飬ħó͵ȡᾧʯʱѾһ뻯˽ᾧʯ֮ڡ֮ħȥǻԪ磬磬ģֻһ飬һС顣ǿ飬ȴģǽ졭죬ҽڸˣֱӳΪ˲񷶦


2702 
ۣ仰˵һ㶼ûӽ￪ʼѾǼթޱȵĽɫˣȫˣΪģֻǿǻԪ磬ȻڳᾧʯʱѾ˵ڶ׼˵ʲôȻģһʼ֪޷ǸǻԪȥŻὫһ黯ᾧʯڣȥħ츳ħħϡҲֻħϵʸĽ밢ǻԪ磬ڰǻԪȥ
֪˰ǻԪǿҲ֪ʱ밢ǻԪ·һģŻһֵİšֻڵʱвħ壬ʱĴħҲѾ޵еĴˣҪħֻһǱǽ赶ɱˣѡȻǰǻԪˡҲ˵ʱĽ񣬸һԼħһ밢ǻԪ磬ǿȴһֱᾧʯڣı¡
ĴħʱڽŲɣҸһ˰ǻԪ磬ĽȴǱشأ·һأʱһԱķôħΪƣ˰ǻԪ磬磬ֵУ˳ңȴųҵĺгһǿĴڣҲţֻҪǿĴڳ֣ǽһħԿģҲһõᾧʯģǸʱ򣬾ᾧʯԼ︴ʱ
ĻǸˣӷ٣ģһ֮̾õ£ӷ绹ǵһμѹֽƣѹɱȫ壬˵ϽʱɱȫǱħƵģħ壬ǾֻԼˣһеһУڽ֮УһжԤƺõһȥߵ˽죬ߵ˳ӷĳ֣ߵ˳ӷںᾧʯһ죡
񣬽ȻҪɵӷ磬ַ͸ʿɳӷһģֻɱȵɳӷʿҪǿѽ
ڣѾˣѾӳӷʼռݳӷУȵʿֻڳӷȥɳӷģڳӷѽһĵһεĴڣҲ˵飬ѾΪ˳ӷ籾һʶɱȵڳӷҪµĶ࣬Ϊʶʶǲܳĵģ
ҽڸˡ

ţƼˣȫɫĲ԰ףϿ֮ϵħ͸˵ˣۿųӷ罫ˣڳֵǽģħħˣǸıļһ峤ҵĴʼˣ
ɣ޳ܣıɼ޳ܣȻԼĺﶼҪãڻҪɵΪԼ浱ǿеһѽ
ǳӷĻǲ񷶦ħ壬һʤ㣬ֻҪ۲ħа硣ǻɽǽȫһˣﻮ֮ãΪʲôħ֪ʱħѾȫȥɱӷˣʱɱӷ磬ҲɱˣһҪӷ磡
ý񸴻ӷ磬һ㣡
гӷѣ仰Ȼħģ˲ѽ

ħֱӷ£ǽʣҲ˳վϹż˵ߣ
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ħ˵һҲûѾںħѾħĵģ񸴻ĿģﻮôõĿģħһģֻҪħ˽ⰢǻԪ磬Ҳ֪ôȥǻԪ磬ԣҪֹħͬҪֹ񣬽ǱħӿµĴڣ
ɱħݺ˵
ҵȫ½ǱߵҲȫеǹͬȥΨһϣ챻ˣպ󣬲磬ħ壬кӹ
Ϲż˶˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôħʲôЦԭĵˣڵҪȻҪ㵽ˣҲ̫˰ɣ飬ǰɴûзѽ
ħ˵ûɱԶԶɱħħҪ˼׿Ϲżˣ˵Ҳǲ֪Ŀ£Ҹħȴ֪ġˣֶΣգȫ̹ġ汻ӷ磬Ȳ˵ģǲ񷶦ǾӦĵˣ
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˼׻Ÿ䣬ӷϷһ⣬֮ڣ
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𼱣ֻһĺĹѣһҴõһ룬ҲκáϰȫйѾħϣ⼸ˣѹƲסġҪиǿܽѹ֮óӷ
ħҲ̫˰ɡҲѹסңֱǲ֪ߵغ񡣲ҲһԽȫɱһĺĹȻôֻҪħõһͿˣеļˣңž޴õģΪҿɲҪħϣҪĽϡ壬ħ壬壬壬壬壬塣ߴ壬ߴ츳Ѿˣڣǰһˣ壬Ҳ߸Ϲֻʣ¾ˡǶйɣĽϣоԵʸ밢ǻԪ磡
񲻵ǽħȻҪߴϣоԵʸ밢ǻԪ硣ӣѾ԰ǻԪ൱̵˽ˣڣӷҲһ㷴ӦûУȫƵģ
Ȼǲ˹ҾֻԶˡˣ㣬ǵһ

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е۷壬߾磡Ȼӡֻħϵ۷壬ôһ㡣
顭
ҲһƷϹ˫ԣϹźʮ룡
ȻǿħղŲ˵ڻʲô
ҵղѾյĲˣڱҪҴ
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ԽԽЦ˰ɣȻҪħҲйⶼʲôʲôѽڵ˭Ҫ˭ˣǳҵĴʼˣȴҪɳӷ磬ϹǼȴҪħɱ񣬷ǳӷ磬һ㶯ûˣ
ȫˣ


2703 ԰ǻԪʹߣ
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ϹŸ߲ã̵˾ȫվ˳֮⣬ۼڼ֮ǰʶϢȫٸһϿȣ巢ʲô飬Ҳû˵ĺֻǿ뵽ǣȻҪȫǱضǷʲô£˵죬Ǹħ忪սӣ
ͬʱ棬ħħѾ̶ĵˣ㣬ϰٲħ磬ħµģǿĽ磬ֻҪǳۣû˴Ľȥ
ڣħҲѾӵħϢħеǰھŴ½ԮңħҲѻ˵ĺѾˣ˳ӷ磬Ҳ˵üƭˣѾˣħ߱Ҫ֣лὫѹȥһýȫ˳ӷ磬ĸǺħҲĵģ
һ֮ǰħѾебħĴǰھŴ½ֻħûн˵û˵ǰҪӷ翪սģǸӷǱ֣һ˽
ħȷǺѻ˵ǱߵҲ֪һǱضģħԼҲûǰھŴ½Ĵ㣬ǴһѨ֮ڣһڰĶѨ֮ڣ˫۾ŷ׺ݺɭɭĺڹ⣡
񣬾Ȼһû뵽Ȼôһ֡ҸһͬǰǻԪ磬Ҳ˵ģΪͿħ𣬾ͿԾۼ밢ǻԪ𣿹̫ˣΪľһ˴ȫɵ𣡡
ħգʮ£ֻħ۵Աߣ֪ʱһӰӰΪɫʮֹ죬ҲǼΪǿģħǰȻһҲħƣ
ħ֮Ľ׻ûɣʱ򻽱ǰΪ£
ɫӰħʱûħ
ףħ֮ĽףʲôףɫӰʲôˣ
ʹߣһΣǿ鷳ˣԭ׼ˣܻܿḴ
Ŷ㲻˵ָңḴħɱˣȻӦ㣬밢ǻԪ磬ǰǣҪ壬Ժ󣬸ڳҵˣΪҪһǳۣǾԲܻŵģ򣬲޷밢ǻԪ磬Ҳ⡣
ʹߣȲܽ񣬾ڵĳ˵ɣΪǿǳۣͬһطģ˵ҪԸ۵ĻӦԳֲУңͲǳ۵Ķ֣
ֵܳĻǻǻԪ磬ǰ򵥣ǿߣҲƥеġ۵ԴڰǻԪûˣˣҲǴӰǻԪģڰǻԪݣҲǸ߸ϵĴڡֻΪʱеһʹŻν֮еġôãҲѾת˺üΣȴʲôûѾΥڰǻԪµԣѾȵĲͷˣǰҪ۸ȥģ֪۵ʵֻҪԸȥҲİ취ôֻ֮ڣˣ
Ȼʹ߶Ը˳ۣħΰĵԭ˵һΪ۸ǲµģΪ۷״̬µʱ򣬳۸ͲҵĶ֡ǰã򣬾Ҹû취ԡ
ףҲָֻۣܳҪܾۼν򿪰ǻԪͿˣǻԪĴΪĳЩԭѾ٣ȹһ֮⣬͹ԣֻҪܴ򿪰ǻԪ磬Ǿ͵˴ͣʱҪ밢ǻԪ磬Ҳǲܵģ
ԭħҪ밢ǻԪ磬һ֪ǻԪǿ֮ȥ׼ģ˵ڰǻԪǱߣ͸ħһŵֻҪܴ򿪰ǻԪ磬ǰǻԪͿҲ˵ħǻԪһף
ֻ԰ǻԪģҲǱǻԪĸ߲ɹģһʹһģôôҪأΪʲôɶҲأ㵽ڣǻԪˣܹˣ
ʹߣѾǲܽ밢ǻԪ磿
ţԱ˽⣬߸Ϊһ壬ȷǿڰǻԪߵġ
ʹ߻Գ֣Ƚɱ˰ɡ
Ҫɱһ񣬷ǳ򵥡֪㸸׸һ밢ǻԪ磬˭𣿡
Ӱ˵⣬ħΪ֮һĿŰӰȴҲûѯʡ
Ǳĸף֣޷ڱֵ¼ʮӣ֪Щ˵ǺεȵСԣһ񣬳ں򣬱ǲмֵģ
ʲôħӰǻԪ类´ħˣˣӰһҲ̫ǿ˰ɣǻԪ磬׶Щʲôˣ
⣬ǰںϵķǲҪȥں̫࣬ΪַǰǻԪǿ߲ʹõģǿʹãҲǰǻԪں϶ȣҲ̫ԣں϶ˣֻԼ
ħںķҲӰħģ˵ڴħħ֮ǰЩʱǸͲں֮ˣַǴħſʼģѹħ弸ν磬һαһǿˣԭͻںķڵһνʱѾˣ
ħգһ£ʵʹߣһһ⡣
ǲʣڰǻԪ磬ʲôݣ
û֪ģ֪˹ڳ۵һУаնԸ
Ӱ̾˿˵ԵĻҲҵĵʦΪѽΪҲֻˣ
ʦ
ڰǻԪݣӰĵʦʲôʦʦ֮ģű˼
ʱħźܶ⣬ֻԼ⣬ӰĻشħ̫Ծ
ԼĸףϽµʱĽûг֣ɵƾԼһ˵ȴ޷λǻԪʹߵֵ¼ʮӣ۾Ȼĵʦ⽫ζʲô
ǵһô磿֪ͿǸߣҲ˵񣬶Ǹ˽ˣ
ûϾǽǵһõ֮ˣȻѾϣ֪һЩڰǻԪ顣ڵ㣬ûʸ֪ڰǻԪκ£ʱ죬ǻԪ翪֮Ȼģ


2704 ħ
ħڣˣɼ֣ľ۴ȫļ֮⣬ɼ巽滹ɴ粽ɺʯңɼȻѾħħͬˣɼ˶ʶ˼άģǳҲħɳΪͳȫɼʩ
ɼʵҰģ벻ﻮ˶ļƻһҲûʵ֣ħˣԼɼ壬ħƿ֮У
ףħǰھŴ½ǲҪӷ翪սˣ
֮ǰһУɼ˻ָ˼ά־֮Ѿȫ˽ˣǲȥħħ壬һǿɱֱӱѳۻҪĿ£ٵĳûʱȥɱǣħ岻ͬûħֻҪħĿ֮£Ҫ˿ķǾǱɵģ
ľ̾˿˵û뵽ߵ죬ɼһСĴ½֮ڣҲѾûɼ֮ˡˣȫħƿ֮УʲôΨħ¡ħӷ翪սȻųħһжԸ۵ƵģԣڣֻǸħ˵ĽŲˡħڵھŴ½ħȫǰȻѾӷս֣ǹȥ֮󣬲̫ˣϾھŴ½ڳӷĵ̣·ߺã޷·ҲҪȸϵħ֮һħ˵ָӣ
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һ˫ɫ۾ûаգ˵壬񣡾磬ô꣬ҲӦѽ򣬳ҷ治һϢԶûСҸʨ꣬ûʨѽ
ôָоǾԲġ񣬵ʼٸߣ
ľأȥ𣿡
𣿱˵һ㶼Ҫ˵ǳ𣬲˵ҵһᡣ㵱ľûҲǵòκεĺôģˣһ¡ȻʨӦǣؽ壬;ԲʧԵġ
ڸôͻȻ֣Ҫ㣬Ҫȥֹ𣿡
û֣˼ѾӷͷԯڵʨߵģϢҲڳǱ߿ǶȻǵʨȥģԣҲܴǽĳ󲻵ķǲôǶҪ뾡һа취ȥֹġ
ţͬ⣬ٴγˣǼֱһجΡߣھ͹ȥӷһ˽񡣡
ӷ磿ˣǳӷ棬ϳӷϢȫʧˣ޷϶ӷ緢ʲô£ӷ練Ļǵ鷳󡣡
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ϳѾڳƣħҲһսɣ
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ǵ˵ͷҪ˵ͻȻ䣬һһǵصϯ
磡
Ȼһ磬ȻһϹˣҺԲԼˣ
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Ϲ˵ЩһĻʱ򣬾õһһƺҶҵһ棬ǸһΪģң巽棬ϴδǳ峤Դģ
û۷壡
λ۷壬ɲֹһƺҶǱߣͬ۷ƣ
үģӣǺѽеǿ߾ѽҶҲˣ
ū˵ƺ򣬶۷ǿߣǲǵĶ֡ħ̫أûгĲ֮壬һ̫ҲᱻħġڼѾͨǱߵ·ˣʱǱҪѡһͻƣܵǱߣǳֻܴһҲˣǼʼ½ʱǸսĻᶼûˣ
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峤ضѾ֪ˣԲԴϹģΪħûи´κεֻħ۷壬죬ʵͲסˣ
ΪʲôΪʲôҶˣȴˣӷϢȫʧˣ⵽ô£׷ʲô£
峤ǧȫĳԱÿһΪףҲоӢˣ֮ǰûзŵħǱȥ峤Դġ
ͬʱߣҶҵһӵĴ£ԼٶȳҶ˷磬У
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Ҷһð۵ķװ̤߲ƣ䲻
Ҷ˵ϻʲô飬Ӧúڿɲʱ򡣡
ѣ·̫ͻȻˣȻḴǶûϵġҵĿһ£ħҲһдۣɱֻ緽Ͳ֪ôˣϾɳӷͳģǳҵĴˣһӷվ˽Ǳߣǳ۾ϰħδָ֮û򿪣ħǿ߶޲ߣô磬˭ֵۣܵ


2705 Ⱥͬһ죡
ľش½ҲԳ֮Ϊ֧ǰĶ½ϺԶɽЩɵģľظΪ˺Ҳľ֮ĵڶԳΪʣ
Ѿľأټϵӵ֮ʥ޼ò˵ڵľصȷʮǿģ羫Ҵߣħ֮ΪϾţһһԳӷĵж֮ģ˵ҪΪǾ屨Ļǻһǳֵĵˣ
ڣľص̬Ը񣬳ѾˣҲľصġһ羫ʱͲܴ˵㵱ʱûн壬ľҲ߱Ȩ֮µģˣҲͳͳֱ壬ľضûġ۵ʱҲǿľһ㣬ŻĵĽ£ھĵʱ򣬻ľΪͽھһЩܣľض֪ģҲͳͳ̸˵ھĵʱľظĵһѾԿ϶۵ĵһԲǾĳһεʱ򣬳۾Ѿȥˣ򣬳Ļ֪Щܣ
ʵľأĸҴߣȫ֪۵Ҳ԰ǻԪ磬Ҳ˼ײϸ߳ӷģۣǴӰǻԪģڵ磬֮УҲת˺ܶΣݣûôתĳۣǲһеģ
ȻˣǿˣبһУǻģ񣬾ǳһû뵽һʱ򣬾ѾΪԼ˺··ĿɱϹҪԶĶ࣡ȻԽֺ·˵ȻҲҪģһҵĺûеõĽᾧʯҪԶᾧʯһ𣬴ڳˣ
Ҳ֪ǽأǳӷ絹ùȻؼʱ̣ħ忪սʱ򣬴ħĿе֪ᾧʯ飬֣֮ԤƵǰˣ
ľ壬ǰһʮӴ߳
ǼˣȫľվһȫΪɱӷٻһģľص̬ȣȴǼڳľҲûĵطȥǾȫ֮ڣӷͳˣҲûĵطȥ
һȺͷûԵļһһ֪жô壬Ҷҵȫ˹ЩһһΪҪħ忪սˣǣǹϷģ
޼˵˼˵ȽЩϷĸ
ȻģӷЩˣûģʲô£ʲộ֮ģͳͳͷԡ
ʱ򣬵ʱɱǵģҲлƴţһݣ죬ɱǡ
ҪĻǻǵĶ֡
ʲôľ壬㲻Ѿ𣬻һʲôǵûгӷ磬ǵôܲǵĶ֣
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ľһоĸˣϹˣû߷ôһ£ֻ˵Ҫȥҳӷ磬ȻΪȥҳӷ籨ġ
ڣľؾȻ˵Ҫӷ֣⵽ô£
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ǣ֪ӦȥͶˣڵãҪԣǳڻң𣡡
ľصĶѾҡ˾ģ˵Ĵһܵĳ嶯һʱ֮䣬ûһ˸Ҷģ
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ƴţһվģɶǡѡˣԼȳкô˵ȥѽ
ƴţٷϻ־ͷɡΪ˶˲𡣡аƴţ˵ǱȽϤģϹҸаȻȻƴţҪϤļ磬ͬһط
ôĿǽ죬Ӿ㡣
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ղľѾ˵ҪֵģǸǶֵġ
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һȻ۵飬ȻվľǱߣָоԼʲôطϴ·ͬ㣡
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㣬ϴ·ѵϴΰǵǸŮˣ
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ʵΪʲôܵľǱȥˣ㲻Ӧڵʲôʱģ
СѺܶûʱǽ͡ӷΣգǱϹȥ
ӷΣգʲô£
˵ڻǱ߱˵ɣٶȸϵӷǱȥ·һһеġȻľǣʱǵˣ˫ҪӦ˵Ҫģ˫ǵĵˣħռ⻹ҶҶ
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ҡҡͷҲӳ⣬ʹˣڶֲˡ
ȴס£˵ǲҲоһֵֺ
ûһ˵ģһʮֿµħħԴˣҲη壡
ħԴҲη壿ʲôЦ⵽ʲôѽѵĻħˣǵ˵Ļǿ鷳ˣһħļһ
ľ˵ǷϻôʲôֱӸǣڽĲˣ

̵ţȫһķ
Ӧ֪ʲô˰ɣûǳҵĴʼˣҲǳӷȣоġڣҪֶԸˣҲ
˵ľأȻǳҵȣҲˣ㡭
˾Ͳܸ𣿷ǣȫֻǽĸǲͬˣɣӷϢȫʧĸйأԣڱϸϹȥҶ֣³ӷǱ߳ʲô£ǺǾԸɣ
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ס֣ϹǰʶˣϸϹȥǱ߿춥סˣ
ʲôϹŶסˣǿ۷ѽЦɿˣ
ľغʲôϸϹȥҪס죬ֻһˣǸ֮⣬ˣȫһսϵսѣǧ򲻿˺κˣǰɱˡ
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2706 ħ
һϿڵÿһˣڶԣħϵʵǿ˷ָⶼ֪ʲôȥˣҲ˵Ͳ⣬⣡
ÿ߳һΧĿռ䶼Შ·һϿȵĿռ䣬Ҫ˺˰㣬Ͽʱգʱڴأʱı䷽λʱתûй̶֮ϹżˣҲ޷ֱһʲôֻÿ߳һΧһУᷢ仯ռŤһϿΧĵƣ˷츲صĸı䣡
˺ѿռ䣬ıһеϹżֵĻᶼûУӲ֣ϾԵĲĽ񣬽ֻǽųӷ縴ˣʵڵĽҲѾȫ˹ϢѾ˳ӷ磬ӷͷ·ʧ˰㣬һۼҲ
Ϲӡ⡣
Ϲ˫ּĴӡһĽ粼óڽǰκεĽ磬ãֻҪһһСͿԽϹŵĽȫƳ
ϹţûõġħĽϣýȫµ˺ѿռ䣬еһֻ֡ܿǿֶΣɱЩνĽ磬ԴǰһôûУ
ԴȻһöûУҲ˵õģֻˣ
Ӵ壬޷Ӷûӳ֪һﵽжôĿ¸̬
ֻҪߴͿڰǻԪߣǻԪһǿ߻ܣ֪ϣһ˵εȵĳ̶ȣ
Ǽˣ޷ѹסˡΪʲô˻ûƼϹŶԸ˽ҵĴʼˣ峤治һǿѹһ˵ı壡
ôۣжɷڶûж֣ҲҶ֣һǶǻ壬ǣһҪ֣ǽʵÿһεĹڻųӷ磡
ӷ磬ѹѹȥòɵ˰ɣ
ɷһȴûκεЧ
ӷ磿ڻСӡҸǣҳҵΪ˽죬ҵĸġǰЩˣûлᣬӷȴͬһУõһУڸ··ڱô·ΪҶ̵ġЩˣʲô񷶦ҴߣѵΪ󷽵ķ𣬷ܣҲΪ˽죬ǼҴߵϣõǵ츳
ȷȻ壬׵ҴأȣʱǵӦòǳۣԼģֻ˵ıġɲôȻѾ趨Ҫ壬ͲκεҴߣȻˣǱضǽߵģ
һУ壬Լ壬Ŵħǧ򰢱ǻԪ磬ֱ֮磬һеһУǽѾƺ˵ģһʵǿ£ƻԶ˵ľȻдڣȻѾǾ˵ŵһУڶԵģ
壬ڣȳ㡣
ĵһĿ꣬Ϲ۷壬ҲǼĲ񷶦ӲħЩˣڽ˵ûκεôҪģֻǽߴˣȻȻ
ħѾϹվһҲ˭벻ģħˣһħʥ֮һȻվһ𣬻Ĳ񷶦ֵȷʵ
ŵѾħ츳ٽˣ
ħĵһĿȻ˼ף̾뵽Ѳɣħ츳
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飡
Ǿ޴צӣֱӾͳħ˹ϹʱѾ֪˭ĵˣһħڳӦ֪ܶڽ飬ܰﵽԼģԣڲýɱħ

ϹһƽħƿڶΣ˫ԡ
顭
һ֮ǰҪǿ˼ɣǽ񣬻Ϲţ˵һĳ̶ȣû̶߳ȣҲѾǾųɵˣ
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ôܣϹǰˣȻһ¶ûУƿһĻе˼飬ѵ۷壬Ըһ
ˣѾܹȥˣ
ܹȥģʲô˼
ڿûʱϹȥЦȻˣǾǼʶһɡѾ磬ɣһȫ֪Ҳ¸ǣԴڡǻԪ磬ǵҵõʱϵĳʼȳʼֻеһõ֮ˣʸõǺõļһûʸġ
ʲô
ħɫ䣬ϹżҲĻˣ
Դ԰ǻԪȻӵŰǻԪ⣬⡭
ʱϹż˶룬ֻӴĹǰѾһѪɫԲȦԲȦ֮ڣһϹż˴δͼڳ֣ڽĽ£Ҳͬʱðһĺɫ壬һϿȣɫסˣ
ã뿪
ܣѾ̫ˡǵأӿԴ԰ǻԪǿħγɣ

һϿȵϷʮǰͬԲȦЩԲȦһϿȶסˣϿ֮ڣҲʮԲȦÿһԲȦУͷųһѪ⣬ԵѪ⣬γ˹״̬ȫϹŵˣ
ħ԰ǻԪѵǸǻԪǡħ
˼ǾҴߣͶڳ۵£֪۵ȻҲ֪ڰǻԪһЩ飡
ڼȻʩչ˰ǻԪ˼׺ħ󡭡뿪ˣˣ
ͬʱһϿȵļͬľأԯѾһϿǱ¡
һѪɫԲȦһϿ֮ƽг֣漴һһ𣬾޴Ѫ⣬һϿȣȫסˣ
ǡħôħ绹磬򣬶ħѽڡǻԪģ


2707 ˸
ħԭνİǻԪ磬һħ磬ЩνħȻ֮ˣ򣬰ǻԪһʹߣħʮӶס
Ȼڽõ԰ǻԪħ˵Ǵеõģɾǽõ̬Ҳǵòеľģ֮ħǻԪħǼֱǳѧߵʵ
˵һѧߵʵ۷˵ǱǸǻԪ磬治һĿѽ
Ϲż޷ֵסҪܣҲԲˣħ󣬽һϿȫɲǽ磬԰ǻԪħһģһϿȣ˸߿֮У޾Ѫ⣬ͣЩԲȦͷųѪ֮ʲôʣͳͳΪУ
ӲˣȻӲҲֻܸˣ
ϹǰһվˣȫվҺȥһĻڴ˵֮ºױУվ󷽣ǧܿ
ߴѵӲƴ𣿡ɷʵ
ϹŻشħ˵ӲƴûõġѾ˫ϣʵǷڵ磬Ҳܵеġ
ħ˵ǽǱ𣿡
ȻǡҪԸȴܿǣȻóӷ縴ģΨһܽ񳹵ģֻгӷˡ뾡һа취ӷ绽ѣ򣬲Ҫ磬ħڣΪļƷǻԪѪƷ
ӣħ֪ħ飬ҲǰǻԪʹߵ飬ħǲᵣĽܿǻԪģ㱻õأǻԪǸʹ߼ȻħģȻħᷴҲ˵ڰǻԪʹ˵ʵ̫ˣһȥ˰ǻԪ磬ָʲôأ
ѳӷ磬óӷѹȷѹƽ񣬱Ͼóӷ縴ġڵǣӷϢȫʧǱȫɵƵģôѹ
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Ϲ̧ͷһħѾѹͷųѪ⣬Ѿ˰Ͽȣʱ˵ʵܶ˸ϹûõģΪҪԸǾҪ˽ħУħ˭ƣ
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ƴĵһԼһӣħҲѾϵˣϵˣ
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ͬʱľǸһϹģȴϿȵǧ֮أѾֹͣ
ˣÿѪǱߡ
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ƴţڹȥˣҲֻǵڻҵϣΪҶǣǲֱӳȥġ
ΪʲôѵǸһС𣿡
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磬γɵģȻҲǿԻġۼһûܹȥƿǻᷢʲô£֪
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ĶҶҶ˷磬峤Ȼһǲв֪𣡡

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ӣ峤ҶҲɵѽ֪һᷢʲô£ѾɢҶ˷磬ҶҲǷǳԶģҶҵУֻΪҶ˷ŻһĻĹŻ磬ҶѹƣŲ̫ĶƺΪദˣ
ʱ򣬶˵ǸһҶҾպþ齨ķķǸɲɵģΧһϿȵĸλһϿȸΧ
ڼƵķȫһڼƵΪɼ֮⣬֪ڷʲô£ɼڷϿǱ֮Ҳ߾Ƿ˳ȻûϿǱߣҲԼһֹͣľ۸еˣ
׷ʲô£ǱߵϿȱһɼΪǿһ룬ƺܿҪȫˡɳӷȴһҲҶ峤ԸϵˣħǱߵħûȫǣħ˶̫ʲô£
үүϿǱֵ֮߳⣬ħ˵ֻǳû´ĻħӦˣһ룡
ʯ˵ûףǽǡ
ȻӷûҶ峤ԸϹˣûô򵥣ʯھȥһ˳Ǳߣǵǣ粽ȥһǱߣߵһģӦòΪ㣬ڳǱߣʯ¡
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ǣүү
ʱ򣬱˵ҶҸ壬Ŀ£Ҷ峤ĺܵģҲۼʶֶεģϽڵޱȣ˵ǿûκεİգû֮ǰ˭


2708 ħʦ
ҶǰǿֹһδѪɫȦǽ󷨣ȴҪȽ󷨾ĶĹ¾ͿʼһֲõԤУ
ȥ涼ԼͽᱻѪɫȦɱһˣ
ҶǰǸ۶Ҳһĺ򣬵ڣҶף۵ʵԶԶ֮ϵĻԵҶ̫׳ˣȻȻ۶ȻǽӴ۵ҶڿŽܸо۵ЩƣҪ֮Ĳͬ
ôֱӳȥǵѡ񣬱ҪһսƻܰĵǵԼҶҵҪԼҪЧǲеģ
˿̵ҶͻȻһ뵽һ취ֻ취Լ뵽ʱúûӡʱѵȥںʲô𣬽һôˣѵҶ᲻
ΪɱҲû취ˣ
Ҷ̾˿˵ڣ
˳ҶߣūһˣڵҲûԽūҪһ㵽ڶ㣬Ǻε֮¡
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˻û뵽ҶȻԼ뷨ѵǽǿҶָ
ȻȻ֪Ҷη񣬻˵磬мηģڵʱηĲǽʵֶθա
иǰҪǿ౶εĸҲĲ߻İɣˣնѾͬһļһҶܲη
ūڲҪҲͷ񣬴ͷ󡣿ǣ뵽£һҲĵǲͷҲͬȥģڶûоӷκϢڲǱ߶û֪ԣ˵˸Ӳһȥ壬ǵϢڳӷ֮ǰʧģҲ׶༪٣峤ҲһѾһ׼׼ִܱ֮˵侲ûеһȥһŸһĴ㡣Ķ½ǸһģͲһˣȴʱһ֮䣬һѾһ¡
Ҷ˵ͷȷͷͷ˭ȥ򣬿⼸Уǻħ
ӣ뵽һȥˡ
Ǽ֮УѾħ壬ʧȥʶдʶ˼ά˴죬ֻҪǺúǵĹͷ󣬾͹Īˣ
ԭҶȥͷֻ˵˶ѣ
ӣѾˡӦɼ˰ɣ
˳Ҷĵطȥһڹ⣬ڵķȥ
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㿴Ҫôȥͷأ
һ£˵ūãǰǼפ֮أȻǸҶҷ棬ǸĴһôĹУ԰Ը֪ͬһ飬ȥͷ󣬶ǣΪĺԮ
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û뵽˿ȥӣɹؼʱ̣ȻôãѹҶһֱߣҲȷūһһͳ󽫣
ţȻˣȥ֪ͨ˷磬ֱȥҳӷˣϾ˷˴
ǣūȥ
ͬʱųеĳҲѾоھŴ½ǱߵħϢˣô벻׻ʲôˣȻӵڰǻԪħϢ֮ڣӵħģֻԼѣܻѽеڶ˵ʲô˵ǻԪ磬˹ˣǾԲܵģԼ֮⣬ǻԪˣˣ֮пǻԪУҲħһֱڸɵ顣
ǲǾú֣ΪʲôħϢ
ͻȻһӰ˳۵󣬿ɳȴûлͷֻеޱȵĳԾѣҲΪӰĵó۳Ծ
̫ܰɣǻԪĴ󣬲Ѿһôϵģ
Ӱ˵ܲɵǣ֮ǰһ̣Ҿȹˡ
˵˵Ŀ𣿡
ʦⲻ֪ΪػĳԱȻҪӰǻԪһежˣȻҲִˡ˵ҵĵʦͬʱҲѾΪӵĶ󡣰յʦԸ˵ôСӦúܿɣҷزŶѽɾôãһֱûȥͲòûҶˡ
ң˵ĸң뿪֮ǰĻң뿪֮Ļң
ʦ֪£ܲҲΪˣû񣬷ذǻԪġɹЩϵĶǲֵܲġİǻԪѾһȫµˣĻҲһȫµĻңԡ
ԣЧҵĻңһȥߣɱң
ңʦΪ½ʮħʦ֮ףܳΪѧҵңڵĻ˵ȷһ޴вܹЧһҵĻ˵һġ
ЧңӦúҵƢǰĻңûʸõҵЧңοԲ˳Чǣİɡ
Ӱ̾˿ǻԪ磬½⣬ļ磬ͬʱҲǳ۵ļ磬һħݺ磡
ʦ̬ȣҺѽ
ػ˼֮⣬Ǹ㰵ɱ𡣼ȻػѾ˳ǸƨңǸôôɡҪһ㣬ȻǻԪĴҸˣǾǧҪħȥǵţ򣬵ùģɲ磬ЧҵǸҡ
εҡҡͷ۶֣ûǸʸ񣬱˵ǻԪ磬½ŴħʦȫۼҲδڳ۵ռ˿ˡ
ȻʦѾˣҲ˵ʲô£Ҫߵʦһ£ղŸоħϢҵģǸġڶ£ǹڻΪǿһˣǸݺأǻԪ綼֪˭ȴʮ֮ڣŴħʦǾŴħʦϷĻȨ֮£


2709 赶ɱˣ
̳϶ԣΪ˸Ե棬κΪˣаˣѣͬҲΪ˹ͬ棬κһΪѣŶ֮ޣɱ֮ģĻעΪһɹˣ̼̣ģ̳޸ӣֵܶˣɼͨǶôĲ̣Ȼͨ綼Ĳ̸ʵͨ޷սϣ͸Ӳˣ
񣬶ڳ˵ҪһУڣΪľܹܹǰǻԪ硣ΪģΪ˲ȶԼһУҲ뷢𷴿ʲôѪ飬ʲôȻҵˣ᲻һУκֶΣ֮ģҲǳ̳ͨΪɹһ־ɣɲ̳ͨսҵˣ滹Ǻһģ
ۣҲۣûκһӢۣ仰˵ķǳеҲʺϳңΪʲô㣿ʵܼ򵥣ŴŴĶǲʧģҲ˵ģ񵱳ƻһеʱ򣬾Ӧ뵽ҲԷģ
ӷ粻ɵϣǣʮִǳթ֪ħ츳ĽϣԼеܲˬҲԼ飬ԼһУסˣѵʱ򣬳ӷͲΪԼкѵӷôɵ
еѽǴһӣһʱͿʱ򣬾עʧܣ
Ҫ˼׶ʱϹǼˣħĹ֮£Ҳǲͣ㣬ֵĻᶼûУ
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ͻȻֹֹͣͣˣ⵼½ˣ޷ٶһ£һֹͣǾζϵĽҲֹͣѪҲֹͣԵϸκһܣȫǽģ඼ֹͣ㻹ëѽ
ƺһУȴΪ򵥵һ£Ǿֹ֮࣬ͣ󣬽֮ˣҲʲôˣ
ղŵǳӷ緢ģЦڷ̽ƺһУֻҪһĺͿͽʧܣ֮ǰƻ飬Ҳʧܣ
⡭ܣ
˫ͬѪɫʯ˫΢΢һ£岻ܶûȫ֮ǰ۾ͣǿԶģ
Ϊסҵ壬Ϳȫ㻹أҿɣΪĶûʱѵûвҿɸĲ񷶦ͬɷκһ񷶦ǲ񷶦ģȴһұǲ񷶦תģҲ˵񷶦ңҾǲ񷶦ҵ࣬Ҳǲ񷶦Ȼռҵ壬ңȴ޷ֱӳΪ񷶦Ϲ˵ֻҪȫɣȫ֮󣬲񷶦ŻġûȻҸ񷶦Ϊһ壬ˣҲ˵񷶦Ҳˣ
ѽӷ˵ûӷ籾ǲ֮ģʣ񷶦ôٴأӷһ񷶦ҲͻˣӴԺ󣬾Ͳв񷶦ĴˣҲ˵ӷ磬һεĲ񷶦κˣԵõ񷶦ˣ
ȻΪҪǡҸղҲ˵ҵ඼ǲ񷶦ҽֹֹͣͣҽ˵ôʲôħϣǲҵġ
ܣԲܣҼƻô£ôڹϳ˴©ӷ磬Σˡ㣬ɶˣû㣬ҾͲܸ
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ӷ̾˿ھԼڸԼ˵һҲˣȴųӷ˵κһ仰
ôţǺãҵָһһʱ䣬һ֮ڣô棬Ҳ뾡һа취ңǾԲᷴġ
䣬ӷ粻˵һ仰ָҲѾ
ϹǼˣ
ӷ磬СӿʲôЦȻֹΪʲô
ˣӷ㣬Ǳȥָ˹Ѿˣӷֱֲܣǽѽ
ȴΪڲҪȥӷʱȴʶԲ𣬶ɷϹŸô˵ĻȥɡֻҪ㿪йıˣ飬ǶҪˡϹǰҲ֪ͨǣǧҪԵĻӣĺ棬˹ͷ󣡡
ƵĻϹżǸӲˣɷͬʶʵƣʲô˼֪
ҵȻ֪Ŀ¡ղ˵ЩҲֻڴţˣԲܳԽ֮˵ֻΪ˼ŭѣ
ŭʱ򻹼ŭ浱ǰ˵ɶϷ𣡡ϹҲ
ûھҪ˵ɶϷܽ赶ɱأ
赶ɱˣʲô˼ӷҪ˭ĵȥɱ˭ôʵ
ǻξҪѵɱħɱҶɱЩǿĵˣѵóһεģᣬúɱһɱ̫ˣ
һ˵Ϲĸһͷ亹
ӷҲ̫˵ɣһǳðգһãԼˣصģӷҲȷǿĵˣԽ˵ԴڰǻԪ¾۷״̬µħҲδصеĹɡ
ħˣǿɾкϷˣħ֮䣬дڵģֻ壬һħ壬ǾͳΪ˽ǳһ۵㣬ԣֻҪħ棬ǾԲŹħģ
ԸħѽħϿɣǶأ
ɷ̾˿ʶ˵ʵ̫ˡĲ߻֮࣬ͷȴҪӷСӸãӷ絹һɣеĵˣȫˣ񣬾ͬӷһҪɱ˭˭
·ֵĸٷϺܲµĸȻҲ١ٷظðϸѵ飬ѾˣµĸѶûƣûǮԷˣٷ绹ڼŸ¡
ÿµĿʼﶼһʻģͿûѵ£ɣͰɣ


2710 
ū˵ڸľص㼯һ˫ͲѣӲѣ֮ǰľسˣʧʱ򣬿ūҲ᲻һеĶľص˶֣
ں񲻹ܷʲôӣǽǿԶԶ˵ϣҪԸǾͱȻΪһͬĿ꣬ǸĿ꣬Ǵҹͬ棬ʧˣ˵ʧɹˣ˵棬ûе֣֮˵˵ĵˣǽ
Ȼľû뵽ǣԼҪǱôȥԸʱһ⣬ͻȻƺҶҵǱ߳˹
Ҷ˷磡
ľתȥūҲȫԼǰĽ⣬ʧҶ˷ǰ
һͷɫͷһ꣬Ž⣬һˣҶ˷ιĹôҲض֪ǳˣľصĶ½ģڹϣӲ˸ҶԼ֣򣬾ͲҪԽˣͬʱҪҶңƺ
Ҷ˷磬㲻Ҷҵдţܵʲôľʵ
ˣľأ֪˵ĹϵҲûõۼһɣȻھۼһΪʲôͲܹ
ū˵Ҷ˷磬ϻ˵ǲҶҪʲô
ūȻǸҸ׵ġûιȷҸҴ仰Ϊ˶ԸǼҪһ𣬿໥ֶ֮ǵˣ˸ϣûиķǾвͨġ
ڳ֮ǰⶼҶĿ֮£ʱĿūȷǸҶģֻڳ۵֮󣬿ūͳ˳۵£
ƴţ˵Ҷ˷磬ǲ⡣ҪǸҶҺȥɡһսǴǵģǴǵģɡ
Сӣǰװ棬ӷ粻Ҳֲǰװ֮һ仰Ҹ׵˼ǣǳˣ½Ҷң壬ɳһзһŶԸ飬ȥȥǵ飬Ҳֻˡ
ɳһۼһôԸ⵹˼ˣ໥֮䶼ΪˣȻҪۼһȥôԸبҲͷһΰɣ
ɱˣжԶӹԶӾͲˬ
˵ţȲҪȻҶģǹȥһô˵Ҳûʲô
Ҫȥȥǲȥġ
ƴţڿЦôڸһȥԸ£ƴţȥǲȸ棬⼸֮Ҫȴˣ
ʱԸ£˵ƲڣǴ߳Ҫūͳ֮󣬻ҪЭԣҶ˷˵飬ȥɡ
£һϹһϿǱߣһҪڴ֮Уôֻɲܹȥˣˣκ˶ĵģ
Ҷ˷ɲ֪һôˣǰҲûֻöһŮ˶ԣȥ̸УǼֱڿЦҲãһŮˣ̨ϣ˵Ȩûеģ۷ΣϾǸŮˣҶ˷翴ŮˣǴŮˣҪǿƵѹġ
Ҷ˷ɿˣûɵȷǸŮˣǣŮˣɲǸ˵ĺŮˣ
˵ڶԸΪأ飬Ȳ˽˵ɣ͹ȥһ˰ɡľأ˭ȥ
ȥɡ
һŮվ˳Ҷ˷Ǹӵĵ⣬һˣһ½ߵ쵼˶ǴģҶ˷Ϊ߶ŮȥǸûȥʲôֱҲֻһԱûзԵȨˣ
ľص˵ͷҲǸͨŮˣ˵Ůѽ˵ݣڵʱ۶꣬Ҳ˵̳ϴ˶̸꣬飬ѵס
ŮͬʱվҶ˷Цһ˵ɺʯΪҾû𣿳ɣɲ֮Ķ
߲̽ɺʯΪԼħˣͲױ˷֣û뵽ǱҶ˷緢ˣ
ʵҶ˷緢ɺʯ֮ǰūľأѾˣû뿴Ǳôģ
ɵɺʯǱʱҶ˷͸еһĲԾ
ڸӦö֪ѽɺʯΪʲô¶˾ȵı飬ȫû뵽Ҷңˣж½һƵģһҲҪȥ⵽ôһ£
ǱѹͲ֪飬ȥͷʺϲˣҲҶĴ뷨ֻɺʯѾһУǽ᲻ȥͷͺ˵ˣ
ɲôһ˾ͶһһͶһʵ֪֪һԼЩˣҲܵһǰѽһͲܸκ谭ģ
ұǷǰ̽Ǽģû뵽ǼȻһ˭ܸңڵ׷ʲô£Ǽ˶һģ
ɺʯҲĳ˵˻Լ֣ȻҶ˷綼ֱӹĸƨѽ
Ҷ˷˵ɺʯղ˵ĻҲˡŹͬĵˣԣ֮飬Ҹ֮䣬֮飬ȷһŰɡˣʱѹأ
ˣҲҶ峤
ɺʯɫԽԽѿʵħˣǲҲ
ħҲѾסˣϹһ𡣡ū˵
Ϲһ𣿱סˣ黹治һ鷳ãڻȥүүһ֮ȥǡ
䣬ɺʯҲҵ飬ħסˣǸϹһסģޱţﶼסˣǸ񣬵Ǹô
Ҷ˷˵ˣ峤ǱѾ֪ͨˣȻǶѾɳ˴ھ͹ȥǱ߰ɡ
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վ˵ΪʲôҪȥǱߣ˼ǲ˵ζԸ˶ҪҶΪ
ⲻǺǵУֻҶҸʵΪǿūľضֻҸ׸峤ɶ۷壬ңӵеҪࡣҲͬȥҶǱûʸɣ
Цһתʵūǲ˵㣿
ȻΪǳ˵ĴȻоȨˡ
Ǻãھǳˣκһ֣Ҫ־ԼȥǳֱΪһ壬ԼȥԸ񡣡
Ѿͷ㻹浱ԼǸɫ𣿱˵㣬Խ񣬾ǳӷ磬ҲֻгԱķݣʲôˣӷȣħϢʮӷϢȫʧҲ˵ǳ˻ʲôʸּۻ۵ģ
ûʸϾͻ֪ˡȫҽС¡
ƴţһվߺգɡ
ס֣ƴţȻһСѾͷ
ʲôСѾͷѾͷģҶ˷磬˵Сһ㣬ǳ˵ʦ֮һȻֻǹͷʦڶԸϣ
Ҷ˷ȥɲǰ취Ҳ֪ʲôʱԼ߱Ҫǰ׼У
û뵽˵ѾͷȻûԼеô򵥣ǿƵĺأ
Ҷ˷֪ԣǲ˿ģ֮£ֻ˵ȻǲԸȥҶǱߣǴҾ͸һĴȫۼڸмλãǿΣ
˵⻹࣡Ҷ˷磬Ƿɫ㻹ǻƿˡ߰ɣٷϻˣɲǰźһкɱ
Ҷ˷ŭѽ˵Ѿͷҵţ˽ҵһɱ㣡


2711 ͷڹ꣡
ȻͬмĵطֶԸ飬Ǿ²˳٣֪ɶʱȥевڼ֮ǰеָӣʦ֮ģǱضҪģû⼸ѡǻϸƨѽʲô
ȻѾϵҶҷԼȥ̸飬ʱ֮ڣҶұضҪ뾡һа취ǼָӸģɿɲǵóѣҶҷ棬壬ľأָӣǾͻʵ˽⣬˽Щ֮񲻾͵˽ĶԷľװǿǴļɻѽԲôɶҪҶң壬ľظУָӸ
ҪһͬǰмλʱūȴͻȻܵϹǱߴϢÿūһѵµ𣿻ϹǱѾסˣ֮⣬ӦòеϢϹҲʱ䴫ϢԼ
ţ
ūյϹŵʶ˶Եʮ𾪣ӷҲ̫ð˰ɣһãԼߵѽΪҪǣӷǷܽѹأһѽ
ȻӷѾҪϹҲͬ⣬ūȻǲзԵֻϣһж˳ɣ˳Ļڽ죬һĵˣʧصģн赶ɱˣҲ˵һ壬ϣһжڳӷƿصаɡ
ūԪ˧ǲǻʲôҵģ
ūǳ˵ĵһ·Ԫ˧ʱӷ绹˺Ϊڶ·Ԫ˧ΪÿȸԼ˵ģ飬ӷ˵£ӷ˵ˣǾ϶κεĸı䣡
ɣȸҹһ¡
һͬǰȥɣūеȥˣҲʹľضһۣ˵ǧ򲻿Ҷκһ˵ĻһҪǸŮ˵ÿһ仰ÿһϸڣһҪǵʮ֮˵ĻÿһСҡ
ľ壬ǵĳ˻ʲô
ţЩһӷһûһŮҲûһֵŵģȻҲֵšԣҵǸŮ˻ʲôʱǸˣǾ̫ˡ֮ξ͸ǸŮˣôôҪһ˵˴ľҲʹǵһݱա
ӣľڿɲӷһˣ˵ÿһˣǳӷʦҪţɲҪûӷӷ¸ˣӿǶȥˣ
ףͷİɡ˵ͷʦǳӷѡģڳӷ˽⣬Ҳһ٣ԣһһСģԲġ
ô꣬ȻһŮˣɵͷԣҲľͱǿ٣ֻںܶϸڷ棬ɵȷŮеߣҲԵô꣡
֮󣬿ū˵յϹǰĴζԸǳһҪͷڹ꣬κεĳ嶯κҲó嵽ǰȥǻƴţǼߵҲѾϹǰˣ˼ǣȥ֮󣬾װưͣʲô˵ʲôָӵģ˭Ҫ˭ȥǧҪһʱָӵλӸˣ
ӣūʮɵģҪûһָӵλӣͲҪʵνָӣҪͳȫģڱģǰɵӦܰĵ
ʲôָӵλӸǣԪ˧㲻ڸҿЦɡҪ֪ǿǼѽΪָ֮ˣҪͳģȻҲ̵˽⵽ľװʵΪָӵģҲָȫ档ҽָӵλӸˣ񲻾͵ڰǵľװʵֱӸǵĵ𣡡
˵ȥⲻϹǰ˼ҲƵ˼ǳ˼֮ΣһΣǵĵˣֻ٣Բռǳ˿˵ġ
֪Ϊʲôǲʲôƻˣ
ڻܸ㣬Ϊ£֪Խ٣ɹĻʾԽߡȻˣҲָӣЩָӵģֻ·һԲĻᣡ
ū֪ӷ赶ɱˣһ˶֪ˣˣҲȻܸоԾĵطʱ˭ֻɵǰ棬һȫڳģܱ֤ԵİȫϾǳҵȣӷˣǽ죬ɾһ޴ѽ
ţʵǸ壬ӷû֣ɳӷûκģ
Ȼʱʱ򣬿ūΪ˲κһɣȻҲȫںͷڹֻ꣬ҪֲˣʵߣұߣûģֻҪܿģĹͿˣ
ھĵʱǿԵ׵ģ˭ƻԵ񣬲ǳӷԣڳӷ磬ɷǳϿɣȻǳӷӷѾ˼ƻȻӡֻ벻ǣӷ粻ǼƻŶԸ񣬶ýѵȥɱҲΪɶ벻飬͸벻ˣ
ǺãҾɡ
ǾһˣǾ͵ڰȫһ·ƣ֪𣿡
ôأǾû취ˣҲֻǱЩһˡ
ɺΣԣ㲻ȥָӵλӣЩһһҲǺõġڣȻӣԼǹȥ͵ģղҶ˷ƣϾͻʧˣ
ڵɣΪľǷҲվɵɵĵȣֱӾȹȥˣ
ڼˣ˫ɵϲͣĴţŮ˸֮ǰûʲôͬĵط
ȻҲɵϣľ֮˭ܸұ֤أ֮ǰԼˣȻƴţǣǲʲôԣǰȻǻָҶ˷̬ȣԼκεĲԾ
˼õˡ߰ɣǹȥô󡣡
һȥˣָӾҵ̬֮ûпκβԾĵطһ𣬳мλ÷ȥ
һƬɽɽмλãһͤǰ½ĵ̣
֮ͤڣмѾˣֱҶ˷磬ɺʯһߣͷİ׷ӲҶҸˣǾԾɹĴˣ
Ҷ峤ǲԹģľͳҲܹȫɳԼΪ֮˹̸£Ӧ磬Դ
ɸ֮ھ巽ĴˣҲ˵巽Χ˽񣬸˵Χ˽
񣬿湻ѽ֮Ĵһ𣬳Ϊһ֧޴ģҸΪҪڽ񣬶һ˽ģҲһη壡


2712 Ҷ˷磡
ʵǿūǷԳӷļƻҲûõģΪһֱӷϰߵĶãܶ飬ֻҪǳӷ˵ģûܹȥı䣬ӵ򵽾ģӾĵĶһģԣūҲòȥðգ뿪֮ҲӷļƻǣߣŲˣ
ȻӷεļƻɹˣȷǿΪպ㲻ٵĵˣһҪӷԼֵģ˵׾پͽ¸ˣֻ˵ҪеһնѡֻҪǲĺãͲ̫⡣
ɴ˿Ѿһ巽мλãĴɺʯĴҲͲʶӣ˫֮䣬ҲǰһģϾҶѾħ壬ڵҶڸľһĴڣֻҪľشѡ屾ֻħһ˵ĵǲûõħ֮£ľӢҲ峤ԴȻҲħһ
ڣĴľӢʵҲ۷ĴڣɶͬһģߵϺǴħģҲ֤ߣ˵оӢȫǴģȫħǵ峤һģô꣬ǵħȻҲԭһЩħǱߵħˣ
Ҷ˷巽ĴѾˣǿһ֮ǰһӶԼɣ˵ǳ˵ˣһһקѽһŮˣȻҲԳΪӣǳ˸Ƕ½ǱûʲôֻҪսǶǵڻҵϡ
Ҷ˷粢޷ȥ϶ǲˣϾϢʧˣɳӷϢͬҲʧˡҶ˷Կ϶һ㣬ӷûô
Ҷ˷ĻȻǴһˣ˭Ҷ˷˵лġҲܰѻ˵̫ˡȻߣʲô˵ֱӷĻҲᱻɵģ
ûֱȥҶ˷˵ҲûֱȥҶ˷Ļɶ˵˵ǰǸ׵ģ
ףΪʲôɻͻȻԼ֮ǰԴҶ˷̬ȣӦֱӸҶ˷ԼҲԳᣬﵽʲôֵʲô㣡
ô벻ɾȻҶ˷磬Լ˵ҳˣţһļҳɣ
ǵģǰҲһС㣬ǹɲ˵ЩġĿ£ǲ֪Ƿǳģһɱ˹ȴһ׼ûУֻбɱķˣ
ʲôҶҸ壬Ƕ½˵ʵֽʵ˵ǳǼģȴСĴڣһһεĽЩνǿڸѹȥС㣬֪Ϊʲô𣿡
˵ԼϾͽžԼҲԽЩνǿߴѹȥ֪Ϊʲôһ޷ȥֱ棬ﵽʲô˵ڳ־ԼĻһ䣬ǰǿƣһ㶼ʾӣ
˵һŮˣҲǳСʮңбҪʱ˵ֻ㵽̸ôԸģģ
С㣬ҿǻ̸һ¶ԸɡڽѾˣǶĸһ㶼˽⣬룬һźܴ⡣
Ҷ˷˵ȲһСŮ˼ƽϡȻҽ춼һͬĿ꣬룬巽֮䣬ҲҪú̸һ£㶼첻ĻҲֻܵŽɱˣ
ɺʯ˵ѾͶħˣҶҸ壬ҲģȻҶѾħ壬ȴͬħһ˵һġҽ飬һǼͿγķĴˣķܱ巽ĸָӰɡ
ɺʯͿĴںҪǱ£һȥһλ۷ĳǿߣʱԽʱڵõ۷ı֮£Ҳģ
Ĵȴһ仰Ҳ˵һֱɽһϵûƵģ
λǰȻǶħ壬ڣǲǡ
СӣϷ֮Ϊ峤峤û˵ҪǼģҲ֮µõ׵ı
Ĵ˵Ǻֱӣ֪ɺʯʲôֱӾͶͷ
챣̬ȵĻѰˣ
Ҷ˷Ҳɺʯ˳ۣǰʱںģҶ˷ʵ˵ɺʯĸϵѽֻҶ˷ûȥɺʯƽϰˣ
첻Σ⼸ǾԶԸ˽ģҶ˷Ҳֻ׿Щνĵ⣬˵λҪѴһ¡巽Ĵ֮ɲΪ̸֮еġҪ֪񣬿һĴڣںܾ֮ǰѾһʮֿµˣ˵䲻ģҸף峤ڵη˽Ҳ飬ںܶ˵ΪǷһĵطҲڵǸʱĽ񣬵һ˵ıӴ壬ȻҲûʲô³ضҲ˴ѵġ
Ҷ˷ָһϿǱߣ˵ҲѾоˣǺεȵǿ󣬺εȵĹ죬ħϹţϿ֮У֮Уʱ֮仹۸Ļǵĺǵ³ŴҲиɣħħʥ֮һϹţеĶǿߣԸ˽񣬻ͬʱסˣǽĿ꣬磬򣡡
Ҷ˷ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ǳеҲԵʮְһԳӷʱôûô磬ΪŴҹͬĵ˸Ŀ꣬κһˣҶ˷ģ˵Ҳ֪˭ڶ½ʱ򱻳ӷ統ڳ⣬Ҳ֪˭ŰҪӷÿ̳һսأ
ǲ˵Ҳѡʲô˵ųĬôô㣬ˣҾʹǳͬˣ
ɲ˵Ҳ˵ľ˵һУ͸ɵĽŲˣǳҪͷڹ꣬Ƕ½һͷڹֺη


2713 ٺģ
ʵҶ˷˵һ㶼ûĿʲôǾǰǻԪ磬ھǻԪʹߣ޷ȥˣǱߵĴҲͱ۲֪ڼٵˣԣҪȥǻԪֻһǾΪԿףһҪ˲У׽ǻԪ򿪣򣬲˭ǳۣҲǹȥģ
ȻҪΪǻԪԿףһǰǾһѪһ޷ȥݵѪԣĿ꣬ħĿһģΪⳡѪħ壬ǽħ֮ĶԹҲһŹģ
Ϊ򵥵Ļ˵񣬾ĵˣ򣬾ǽĿˣ
Ҫֹֻһ취ҲΨһİ취ǾǽɱɱֻǵĿǰλãҶ˷Щˣ֪ǳﻮɣóӷ縴ġȻȻﻮ£ѵֻᾧʯһѵûѵĽᾧʯӡ飬ȥħ츳ħ츳
ӣԶԶûгӷǰ򵥣ӷҪýѵȥɱĵˣ뷨ûģ̣ȴûӷ򵥣
Ҷ˷巽Ĵʼ̸ôԸͬʱһϿȣҲѾױӣϿȣȫħĨˣҲ˵һϿȫʧˣڷ԰ǧ֮ڣΪħĹϵΪһƬƽԭɽĽ壬ƽԭ֮ڣɽɽ֮źܶССʯ֣ɳĮдССĺϣ
ħ󣬹Ȼǿı̬⻹ֻǽȳ̶ȵħǰǻԪǿߵħǽһôµƻѽµڣ԰ǻԪ½ĳۣҲδʹùħɡǰǻԪ½ʮħʦ֮ӵеŶôӴ󣬿ڰǻԪûж֮ǰҲֲ۵ʵ
ϹżˣȫΧƽԭɽ֮ڣڰ֮УΧ巽ɵĴЦ
ӷ磬ΪôˣܶԸǴشˣ㱾ǲ񷶦ҲһĲ񷶦ԿΡҲ˵ĵǼ٣ҿԿ϶壬ӵеһУҡˣѾȫϹˣлħˣߴ츳ۼҲ˵ֻҪҽЩȫͿֱӿǻԪˣ
ӣǲųӷ˵ĻɳӷҪĲЧ𡣽ĵȥɱҵĵˣѵɲýѽԼ˵ĻһգԼ޷ƵţһоͺðˣΪĿģﻮôĿģȥɱ¾ɣͷ㣬ĿĴﲻļƻʧܣҵˣҲһɱˣ
ڼƵȷǳ࣬嵱Ҳˣòġ
⻰ϹżеͿ
ʲô⻰˼ҪԮѽһ˸ģʲôԮУʱҲѾɱѽ
֪ΪʲôңὫȫɱ𣿡
ЦļΪɭɭȷʵʤ˳ӷ磬ҲʤľأëȻ

ͻȻ䣬ֻצͬʱ˳צ֮ϣѪѪ򲢲Ǻֻܴռ˽צưˣȴӵ޷ֻ츳ȫûиħ츳ϵģ
ʲôʲôϹſħʵΪΪ˽ľֻħ˼ˣħӦñ˼׸˽һЩ
ħʱҲ͵ҡͷ˵ʵڽ񣬵ħһʸûУϾǸħףҲǴħһֵģ峤
Ҳ֪ʲôѪӵޱǿ츳
Щʲôãֻ֪ôΪʲôѾͷˣǸѪ档֪ʲô֪뷨ҾͿ֪ͨ׼ˣ
Ϲţ뷨ܲµĻҲͲôѶԸĽɫˡ
ȷħ˵ûô׾ͲµʲôͬһʱӦԵĴʩǵ磬壬Ҳȫڽı֮ˣ
֪ҽҪʲôǰң㵽һ̣Ҳǵġͬڲ˵֪֮ͬģȻˣҾʹһ㣬ֱӸǺˣ
˫צеѪɢѪԽԽǿ󣬽ЦҲıһֿЦ˵ҪȫԱ֮ڣҽ֮ȫ
ʲô
ħʱһϹҲ·һЦɡ
Աȫ㿪ʲôЦ壬
ˣЩ˵ͷԲǺܷתҲ졣ʵҵ˼˵˫еѪڣӵȫԱ顣ѪҪģֻѪˣɱгԱ֮ҲֻǵѪǵ飬Ҳû͸񷶦ļһһǿԳսġ
ү
˵壬飬ȫˣңҲѾóˣֻҪ㽫Ѫ򶪳ǵ飬ֺĴ½
Ҫ֪гԱѽȻûʵģֻ飬һǵ츳ҲǲɺӵģĽᾧʯѾΪһˣһӵħ츳ǳӷĳľصĶҶҵƴħֱԽ񣬶Ҫ飡
鷳ɴˣ
ӷһĻ治һĴҲǳӷû뵽ģҪֹѾ̫ˣΪѾ˫צеѪ򣬶˳ȥ
֮ڣȫɣҵĺɱ磬ɱħ壡
壬Ǳ𣬿˵ÿһˣԽȻǺ֮ǵġȻҽǵȫպã֮óãҲ˵Щ飬ȫڽĿ֮Уκˣ˿ķģǣͺñһɱ˻ɱ¾֮⣬ʲôҲʲôˣΪңڽ


2714 սʼ
巽巽ĴڻϾҶ˷һ˵Ĵֵĺܵɺʯ˹ڽڶһͷӦɣӲ˵һ仰ˣҶ˷ôôʲô˵ʲôҲᣡȻҲľ˵ôôһҶ˷ͳΪ巽еȨһ仰ͺñָӵһûκεķ
ˣڽ飬Ѿȫߴˣڸ֮УҲһָӵ˲ţڼȻ巽ҪһǾͱƾһλͳ˳ָӣͳһǲ巽һһ˴Ƕ巽ȫû
Ҷ˷˫ķɨһȦûһ˵ģҶ˷¿ɵˣﻹţ֮ǰɲǺţô˵ˣ˽˵һûʵˣװʲôѽǸҪ
ɿҶ˷ȻҲǺܲˬɿҶ˷ҲǳԼöѣԼһԼĳɾ;Ի֮ϵģȲ˵ģͷԷ棬Ҷ˷Ȼ֮ҪԼǻһڣ
ȻڳӷѾ˼ƻȻūûнӷļƻԼʱҲǲģ
ôôɣ
ͻȻһ仰ʵơӷʦ֮һ˵Ĳɣô˵ûĻأˣӷҶ˷磬˸ҶңҲǵѽ
ܲԾǳԾľǰ㣬˷һʲôıŻûйģ
ȻҪһ𣬲ôôȻҲֻǿЦһһ仰˵ųĬĬ֮УҲŸһ˼
Ȼ˵ĴҿŰ죬˼˵ָӣҶҵˣ
һһ仰˵ˣ
ܺãǳ˻֪֮ġȻ˵ĴѾͬҶָӣǶ½أ
˵Ҳһ˼
ǳá֪ô
ĴûϣںӣȻҲȥҶָˣ
ûȤʲôָӡǵĿֻΪѣԣҶҪָӵĻ͸ǰɡ
Ҷ˷¿ɵ⻵ˣķ֮Уͬ⣬һ򣬻ûħܵɪˣҶ˷Ҫȥɺʯ˼ˣ⼸У˵˼һūģڵʲôǲһòã
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ĴͻȻ侪壡츳ȻںĴ½ˣ
˵ʲô磬츳ǲֻне𣡡
ǽûнǰǿ󣬵ȴɢӦǡһ֧ӣ
ӣʲôЦҪԸǽôͻȻһ֧ӣһӵ츳Ҳ̫˰ɣ
дġ鷳ˣ壬Ȼȫˣ
Ҷ˷˵ôܣ壬Ǳָôܻ
ˣЩʵ壬ȫǻ壬˵ǽ顣û뵽Ȼôһ֣ҪԸǾͱȽ壬巽Ӧǲµģʵȫ巽֮ϣ
Цǿˣ飬Ҳǻ壬Ȼȫ˺Ĵ½ӣӦǽġ
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ǽֶλһһǲ֪θģֽ˹£ǵ鷳ɾʹˣ
ɵı񶼱ʮѿ˵ǾһսⳡսԲǳ˸ħĳҪСС㣬Ǹˣ
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˵ҶӣָӴˡڽѾе飬ǽԵģһս涮ʲôָӵĻھӦøȻȥȫ濪ս׼֮Ľ׶Ρһ׼ûУͼĻǾͬһɢɳ㣬壬Ҳֻа򣬱ɱķˣ
Ҷ˷ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ûɷӦôѣ
ѵһ᲻ֻ֪ڸԻȥһ巢ƵĴ򷢣Ǿͱˣ
㣬ĿʲôҪɱħ壬һ͵ѪǻԪ𡣼ȻҪ͵ѪȻҪۼ֮һɱˣɢɢɱѪͻ᲻ϵʧĴѪ˵ûκκôġ
ʵ̲סˣҶ˷ô뵽һ棬һģ
˵С˵ûҪƵĻھͿԽˣȴû֣ȴ֪ˣ˵ȼһȻһԸǣ
ҡҡͷһֲм۹⿴Ҷ˷磬˵ٸһ⡣ȻǼ֮ɱǣǾܼһҲżᣬҪһ£ڼ֮ҲضҪϷɢýЩγƣǸ·ûУ
˼˵ýȫȫΧ
㷴ӦˣҶ˷磬Ҳǿ㣬Ҳ㲻Źˣ棬սûȾ㣬ڿɲҶһҵ飬;κεĲͻ˸Ҷһᣡ
ɲٷٲȥ߿ūǣˣ
ˣȻȥˣ׼̼֮ᣬҪκΰǵĻᣡ


2715 ۵ĳŵ
ųѾоھŴ½һУҲ΢΢ƽ궯û뵽Ȼôһ֣ۣûϵģ
û뵽յʱ򣬾ȻħӣһǺһЩϸڣ
һֱվڳ۵ҲڵȴŵھŴ½һսǲܻȥģһս˵ǽӷ֮սֻڽħ˶ѣ
ʦ񣬱ҪΪģ;һЩ޷Ԥϵ飬Ƕܹһ֪յʱΪʲôִ֮ΪʲôִѾ򣬿˵ΪˣֻҪɣͿԿǻԪ磬һصǵļˣ
⻰ԱߵĻһǾģȻǳ۴ӰǻԪģҲ˵뿪ǻԪʱ䣬ʱҲǵõʱ
Щ¿ΪЩ£ΪҵƢӦúִУǱض޷ɵģ
ǵʦѵľͲȥ𣿡
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ôĺͲ룬Գ۵˽⣬Ȼĺܵأ
ʦʵħֻΪͨħˣҲ֪ġ˭һǾ밢ǻԪǿ߿ˣǿߣҲڡֻǽ񣬻ħֻǼõˣһˣԼҲܼĳԭӦҲ
Цһ˵֪Ϊʲô𣿲Ϊģǲ䵽ЩҰĵУԣڵʱĻҵʱҲŻִҵѹͲܻȥִеģû˿ȥִκ񡣶ħʦ˵ΨһʹϸķһħʦħʿħҩʦԴȹ½飬ħʦһϵûС
Ϊ֮һʵʦѵڵʱѾЩ˵Ұ𣿡
ǵҰģ˶ĳڣʱҲ֪ġΪֹЩ˵ҰģҵʱŻὨػֻ֯Щ̫ˣ뿪֮󣬾ȻᵹЩҰļңʹĻû䣬ڣѾûһҴ˰ɣ
ǵģʦ˵ûǵֶΣȷ벻ģǵץ˵ļˣǵļвǣǲǵĻȥµĻǵļˣͻûʦղҲ˵磬ļˣҲӦúЩˣǿһôĵز˵ܵвʱǶ޿κΣ
ǵʵҪ֪ǿǰκıƣ޼ƿʩġҶ֮Իᱻлɳˣʵ
ûǵʦҲ˵ƵĻٽƻĺ꣬ǿʨǰֻ·һҲóһۡ
Ŷʲôۣǹҵ𣿡
ţ˲Ŀһе˺Ȼǣң񻰣񻰣

һЦ˵ҴͲʲô񻰣ҲͲʲô񻰡ֻţֻҪһҪȥ飬ֻҪϵŬӲ߶··ǿҲ˵Ѿֱ·ˡ
⣬ðȥȥԳۣλĵʦ̫һη壬ǶԳη壬Ƕϵη壬ڰһħѧͽʱÿʦʱﶼĪĲһη塣
ʦǻԪ½ʮħʦ֮ף½ĻңǰǻԪ½κһħηһڣǻ治á񻰡ݵģû֪λʦжôǿΪʦֵˣȫˣҲ֪ʦʵŻΪʮħʦ֮׵ģľŴħʦûʦ֣ǲ룬ǾʦʲôӶûҲ˵ǻԪ磬½˿ʦյѧ֮⣬ˣûʦı𣬶ǿյѧ֮һλ𰢱ǻԪĿʦĿʨۣ
ʦʵһֱ룬ѵֻܿǻԪ𣿡
ȻǣֻҪ㹻ûͬԿǻԪ硣
˵ڵĶֹֹܹħǻԪ磬ҵλӦҲͬȥġѵͲᡭ
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Ϊʲôѵħ˵λŵģ
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û뵽ѽλڰǻԪ磬ȻҲ֪ߵ顣֮԰ħҲΪλİɣ
ʦǸȻ˵ֻҪ㹻ͿǻԪȥ磬ΪҵļˣػԱļ˰ȫҲ˵̫ˡҪжԵһ죬ҲϣʦܱǼ˵
̾˿˵İɣȫˣҳ۱֤ǵļˣȥģ˭˺ǣҳ۶˵ĳŵ
ܵõʦһŵǾڶˣҲֵˡ
ˣļ˷ϣǲᶯħġҲţӦҲҪҳ֣ҶӣӦܸ㶨
˵ͷתҪ뿪ɳȴ˵һˣ˶ԣŵȼ۽ġҸһŵǵȫңڣҲһ°ɡ
뵼ʦԸֻҪΧ֮ڵģһ쵽
һĸףҵŮ֪顣ȥ̳֪ͨһ£ԸҲ˼ֵİա
ǣȥ֪ͨǡ
뿪֮󣬳ۼϥҪƵģ˵Ĺͷǹؼʱ̣۲׳֣
ӷ磬εϴβͬϴħҪôħ֧ԮҲŲòֹġɼȻԼа취ԸͲƻҵϷ򡭡Ӧ˵Ϸˣ棬Щһɣ


2716 ᣡ
̳֮ڣѾѹˣʱҲѾȫָ
ɳԶɽȴͬȻѾָܸоԼĺܹ죬ҲǳĲȶʱʱ޵ӣóԶɽƣΪʲôᷢ˵ѾָͲӦóκεѽʱʱ޵״ôһ£
̫үүΪʲôԵķǳѽҪɱƵģ
ڳԶɽߣΪԶɽʱʱ֮䣬ʧͬʧʧȴԶɽκε⣬ֻԱߵ˵ͻ򵥳Զɽɱ
̫үүԶһ㡣̫үүںܲȶ
̫үүҪҪ
Զɽȶһ˭֪һֻССָԶɽʱ֮䣬ͱԶɽգһǴȵգһ㶼飡
ô
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顭
ڳԶɽ´ʱʧʱͻȻ̳ţһǿֹը˿ֻһɫӰգ֮䣬ͳ˳Զɽǰڻ֮䣬Զɽ˿ʹıûȫԶɽգ򣬱·һˣ
գ
ǳԶɽĵһ仰ͬʱԶɽҲѾȻ԰ʵǺˣ
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һĻԶɽƽϢҲ߹˵үүô
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СȲҪǰҪҪǵġ
Ҫ飿ʲôóֱ˴̳ûģֱӴ˽ӣ黹治һѽ
үӣָܻ֮ΪǳȣĴаɣ
㣬ԶɽȻҲҪȻ˵ˣҲ˵ʮ
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үӣϵˣ˽ĵû˵Ѿˣӳӷ壬Ҫ¾磬ɸħһĿġڣеħڣѾγһ֧˫׼ս
˵ʲô
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үӣ֪¶˵ѽܣϾ֮ǰȷǵõ˽ĴУ˵Ҳʵ
һУȫԶɽ˵һ飡
˰Ľ󣬳ԶɽɫԽԽѿˣ˵ᾧʯħ츳ӷ帴ˣû뵽ҳҵȻ˵ıԶǣʱ򣬾ѾƻһУ
˶٣ԶɽʵȻ۽֪ͨϷҲ˵ϷڱҪϹȥˣ
ûһҪ̸ϹȥΪǽ񸴻ˣ壬Ҳ˵ȫˣֻǶûʵѣڽ֮󣬽˵鶼ռΪģǽ졣
嶼һ񣬲ҳҵ棬ֶΣϷ򣬶Īѽӷôˣ
ӷҾͲ̫ˣɼȻ۽֪ͨ㣬ǳӷӦûû¡ֻҪԵģǵ壬ƵҶңħռ壬ľصĶ½ϳӷĳˣ巽ѾһϾҪˡħļһ֮⣬˶û壬ͻܳԿ顣ү㲻ͬΪ֮ǰõ˽һСִУħ츳֮ȻҲԸղŲŻᷢ飬ʱʱޣΪ㻹֪ȥħϵ
ȱ˵ôˣȻѾźһУϷھҪϹȥ
ҲһʱүӣȽħķ̸㣬ȻȥˣҲκõģ
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үӣΪҵݺ⣬ǵսҲ֣Ծȸˣ
Զɽǵһͷ˵ǾͲˡ
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Ϊ˵ˣֺαȥлأ
̫үүһȥμⳡսս֮ϣȥɱɱģְǰĵˣһЩȫµĵˣֻҪǻģʩչеֶΣɱ֮
̫үүͱˣ߰ɣѾȲˣ
ԶɽһѣСѾͷһ˵ˣ˭
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磬壬ȫ鶼ˣڽĴ֮£׼ɱ磬ħ壬һκˣʮֵľ
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ҶһеָȨȫҶ˷磬Ҷ˷粻ָҶҵͬʱҲ巽ָӣķκε⣬ȻѾӦˣǻʲô⣡
Ҷȫ
Ҷ˷ƺһ£ڳغϡ
ǣ
巽棬峤Ҳûָ֮ǰǴʱָһ£غϣ׼ӭս塣
ǡ
Ҳɺʯʱָһ¡
ȫغϡ
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ľظվһȫϻ
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ūҲͬһʱߺȫʦ

巽ȫͬһȥȫٶȸϹȥģطԣ룬һٹ


2717 ¼ɣ
Ĵ½ȫۼ˵ھŴ½˵һʱӿһѪɱ¾ս
ս죬ҪչһսҲ֮ڣδĴսۣ񷶦ӭսħӭսħ壬ǸӵӴΪħһΪ֮û򿪣ħû£Ϊ˶Ըħ£ҲѡȸģϾħ֪񸴻ĿģһУĿͬģΪ˿ǻԪ磬ҽ밢ǻԪ磡
£ħǿĺܣȲܰǻԪ½Ļǿߣ¾ǸӰǻԪʹ߰ʮǿĴڣԣħ˺ܣ̣
ͬԴڰǻԪħõħȻȰǻԪЩħʦǿ󣬿ɽͬԽߴڰǻԪߣ
ħǽ񣬼Ȼǵˣ˭ȹ˭ͷߵȻȴ˭ˡħǱҲɵӣ˵ĵжԵģɽͬǵˣǱӿµĵˣԣħͬͬȽ
巽˿Ѿʼˣһ·ɳۣ˵ʮڸħ壬ҶңֶԸܱǼϽԸԼҪõĶɣ
ֻǳӷļƻҲû䣬飬ӷļƻҲıġ
֮ǰū֪˳ӷļƻȻѡվ˵ĺ棬һͷڹ꣬໥֮ȥƴɱķڳ˵˵ʲô£٣ܰųӷɱǿĵˣҪӷֵģ
ȫˣھһ޴ı³Ҫںͷڹ꣬ǲܵˣ֮࣬²巽Ҫٶ٣ν꼰㣬ʲôصٺã˫һ˵Ҳܵģ
ӣǲòˣͷڹ꣬עˡô˶ǿģǱľЦЦԼų򣬳Ҳ
˵үү˵ӣ˵ӣ˵үү㣬ֻҪеӵˣ֪ôȥѡɣ
һ·ķɳۣһֱڿūߣϹűӷ粻֪٣³ΪǿģǿūˣҲߵ쵼ߣ
ŭԪ˧ܸܲϹǰǱϵϡ˷츲صı仯飬ǳֻ֣׸ķˣ
ĵϹǰǱ߸ϵϡҵʶͣͷŹȥһǿ˻ֻϹǰǱߣҲѽ
̾˿˵ĵ黹ǷˣӵļƻҪе޴ķգóĻһǷԵ˶ֵ֧࣬١ɹǶãҲ֪ںηϹǰʦסˣΨһ̵ģֻǵĵˡȻǵĵˣҲҪǵǳˣķӲܶĹˣ
ǣ巽ѾҶ˷ָˣҶ˷磬һһ˽ģǸָӲУֻΪ̫Ҫӣܶʱ򶼻ֳ˵ĸ꣬ҲĳйءҶô꣬Ҷ˷ΪҶĶӣӵһĻĹŻ磬˵ǻĹŻ׼ˣһΪԸĹϵָϳʲôǾͽᵼ巽ȫûģ
Ԫ˧ĵеղҲѾ巽̸ݸˡҶ˷˵ҲʵΣ̫Ϊģһ͵ָ˵ɲǼʲô¡
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Ԫ˧΢ᣬ˵Ļ޷˽ܡỹҪ鷳Ԫ˧һʱ飬Ҷ˷֮⣬ķĴУɳһЭҶ˷磬ΪĸָӣҶ˷ʲôʱҲļȣ
ţ鲻Ǿ͵ȫ֮ɡ
һľصĶ벢̫Զ˫Ǵͬһλóģ
ľصıԵĺ࣬ƽձ˵ֱ͸һƵģ
ľ壬ڵ𣿡ʵ
ţеڣҶ˷ָӵλӣңǣɵĻҪһ㡣ֻʱҸû뵽ȻὫ鶼ˣ£Ҷ˷еæˣÿһˣĵġһҶ˷ʲôԵģǰ壬е
ľ̾˿˵Ȼô꣬޷ȥʱˣЩ˵Ŀ£ܾã޷ǣĿӡĵγһֿ־壬һö޷ĥجΣ
ѽΪһĿǽһּƻģֶβνΪĿģеһУүӸʨܰĵ
µȻſ֮֮˵ĶݶҲΪǣңһ֮ʲôڵļһȻκεĺ֮ˣҲǽµԭ򣡿ɲôһΣһýóѣȻħûָ֮ŻûħûǾ壬ְɡ
ͬʱɼ壬ҲͬĵģϾ˽ģĿ£ɺʯҲǴҶ˷ģûʶ֮ǰɺʯɼ壬ȴһֶδ֪ã
үүһ巽ɼ˵ǸתҲ˵ħڽ֣֮
죡ʯϷ֪Ҫ˵ʲô뷨ʧˣ巽Уж֮жټ֮ɲһǽ񣬶ҧгݵʹ޸η壬ɼͶãǻʲô³Խǿ˵ãһɼ֮ôһΣһҪķһ𣬽
үүҲֻѣȻͬ⣬Ͼǣ
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壬峤ı֣û࣬ûη壬ûеģҲûʹ֪࣬Ѿˣ峤Ҳֵʮƽ
峤ûҵʬ֮ǰǲǲҪô¶϶
ʬ壿ãˣǱӷɱǱɱֻǱϹɱʬȲ˵ϢĹҲѾˣҲΪҸо˺ĹĻܶ϶Ѿˣ
ǾһҪΪ˽񣡡
粻һڽֵ֮ġҲǳӷ硣
Ǿ˳ˣ
ڵ巽֮ŶĳޣӦ÷һšħǱѾһдۣɱɱ顣ȥˣöԳ˵κ˶֣
Ȼ峤Ѿ˵ˣȻҲö˵ʲô
ǣ峤ˣ
Ҷң
Ҷ˷ƺҲѾܿķˣ
Ϊָӣǵͽˡ
ģϷһ˵򶫣ϷԲκһ˴ġ
һġӷ絽Ҳû֣£νĸӷйصĻпܻһһеĳˣɾһʱըˣһǸӦϣ֪ôġ
˼ǣϷų˵ˣ
ûֻҪκεķȱһҲó˸һ
ţϷˣܷģֻҪ˵һ쳣ٶϷضɱȫ


2718 ū飬ģ
ӣ̶֮ڣ巽Ѿȫᣬۼ˽ͳƬ֮⣬飬Ҳǵġ̡֮ڣʱûκεĶǽҪ˶ʶһĿֲԵĿǰλãû´ɱ
巽ֻڼƵ˵ˣҪ뽫˵˵ڣ巽ڸԵĵʱ޷һ׼ȷ֣ΪĴ½ɲǵ磬ˣʱ˷ڵͷĵϣֻʵĸߵͶѣ
Ҷ˷λ巽ǰһɽ֮ϣһˣ·ѾǸߣİ
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һ巽巽У໥֮䶼ǵˣҲʮ֮ǰСʱһСʱ֮ǰҶŽԷ⣬Է𡣿񣬴໥֮ĵжԹϵҪȷһˣΪˣһͬĵˣˣҪҪħ壬κˣŹģɱ¾ıĴԴʣҲܶˣ󲿷ֵˣڽ֮ǰû˵Ǹ˵ĴڣΪеĴڣһ棬Ǹطǰ֮Ϊ磬Ҳ򡣡
Ҷ˷˫ɨһе˵񣬳ƺΪ񣬿ȴһаħҪаħʱ򣬽ƾһ֮壬лԼڵ壬Ϊ˿ǻԪ磬һģѪ죬ΪﵽĿģʲôֶζõĳӣĺҲգһ۾ͽɱ
ڰǻԪ磬صڣҲѾиˣûħ壬ħͬ뿪ǻԪ磬ƵҶңǰҲǸħĹϽȻѾħħ壬Ҷȴ֪ħҪĿµĶࡣǵУһΪֹħӭսħģǵǣħڻûǻԪ磬ԼҲǰ״ֻ̬ͬҪܾۼ̾ܿǻԪ磬˵ֱ֮ҸҶ峤ӷڣҸ½ľأ޷ֹȴ֮ǰȽеγһ֧ȫһԸ񣬶Ը壬֮ƴף
Ҳһ˵ҸղŵĻڳ־Լ磬ҪߴҵǣҶ˷ղ˵ÿһ仰ʵǿ̬ҲܹĵġԣڴˣҶ˷ȻѡΪζԸָӣҾصѴһ䣺֮ɱ֮𣬻Ƕ֮ޣϣڶԸʱ򣬶ܽǰĳҷһţΪսѣ˽֮󣬴ǰʲôϵԺʲôϵԲΪһʱս£Ҷ˷粻ᣬָ˵뷨̬һɣǾע
Ҷ˷绰˵⣬֧ӸտʼĲڣѾƽ飬ÿһˣҲһӵս⣬ǿ߶ԣÿȥսԼģԼȵĶ֣ԶܱǿֻҪϵսԼǿģͬʱԽңлǿһǶ£
ǵھŴ½ǳ˵ĵ̣ͬʱҲ˵սΪ˲һսǣ̫㣬ڽ飬˵ڷ԰֮ڲ½磬սڽ֮ڣҲôҴ̫ɢңΪһɢɳ
Ҷ˷ĻѾ˵ˣڣ͸սʱˣڽǱߣǿҲѾ𽥳
û뵽Ҷ˷绹һӣ֮ǰĵǶˣū˵
һҶ˷ֻȶİˣ㣬ϴγ֮󣬹ӾѾˣȻ治ͬ鲻ͬ˼ͬġ˵
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ū˵Ҷָӣ巽̫Ӵ̫࣬͵ָһ֮ҲͳȫġϷ飬ָ֮⣬ķгһΪָӡٴ巽У֧Сֶӵÿһ֧СֶӣΪʮˣʮ˸һˡ
ѡĸָӣⲢʲô⣬Ҳ֣ū˵̫࣬һǲָӵģǵǲҲҪȥѽǣ֧Сֶӣʲôõģ
ū֪ǻһ˵ɣҲû԰ΪԼһ˿쵼֮ĸָû֪ǣ˵֧СֶӣʲôõģΪʲôÿһֲ֧һ
ū˵ҶָӣϷĽ飬ûп˼ղŵǷѾ֤ˡȴȱ˾顣ȻƵҶңŰǰǳ֮սʱ㻹û˵㲢ûоսϷ֧Сֶӣһ֧ΪͨѶֶӣվҵ֮£鱨ʶֲͬķͣö࣬ʮԣʵҲҪ̫ߣʶѶϢֶαҪǿġڶ֧Ϊȷ沿ӣ֧ȷ沿Ӳǳģص˵ĳװԣֶ֧ӵʵҪǿģʮţΪģڲʵİšֶ֧ΪϷֶӣһ٣ͲϷ˵˰ɡⳡսУǳ֮ǷԱܣǵͻԽԽ٣󣬰ܵģǡϷֶӣҪһеֶΣģùȫ֣ǰԼ˻ǵˣˣֻҪһڣΡϣϷĽ飡
Ҷ˷˵ͷ˵˵ǿ߿ū˵û⻹Ҿˣû뵽෽ڡãǾͰտū˵ѡʵˣ֧Сֶӡҳ˵ǰ棬ūղŵĻȫ˵صϣСֶӵˣ˭ʲôݣҪԼϵΣκ˳⣬ݹҶ˷緭飬ǰն
ūҲûʲô˵ˣ˵ģȫѾˣֻҪ⼸ˣ֧ʱ齨Ͳһɢɳȥս
ڷ֮ǰȽ½硣
Ҷ˷˫һǿĽ⣬ڱ˳
Ĺ֮ӣҶ˷ɲѽһɣ
֧ȫҶ˷磬˳
ʱ֮ǰ԰գγһֵͬĴųɫڸֵ֮£һޱǿս磬Ѿγˣ


2719 ʨǳ
νսȻսǱͬһӪˣ໥֮Ȼһ֪ģԶԷĲ˽⣬ôȥӲҪȫ˽˷һǹƵͷһɢɳģ
Ҷ˷Ѿ뷨Ȼ巽սȴὫһԻ׵ģԣҶ˷뽫ԵһܴﵽõսЧ
ֻڽûκεĶǱϵķֲʵϵĸߵͶһ֪ģһҶ˷ھ͵ǲǾֻˣڶԵû˿˽ǸӪһʲô𣬵ͷᵼȫûģ
ΪɻЩܵУҷΪǿʲô֪֪ˣܰսҲ˵ȫ˽Ǳߵ֮ǰֻҪҶ˷һ£Ǿ͵ڽеȫƣ
Ȼ֮ǰ˵ҲûԼᣬɼʱȴ̫ˣͺ˵İΧΧ³ôҶ˷Ҳʮ
ֻҪɢһڰźø··ɢǾֻܵǱߵĶˣǶͬһʱ䣬ȫãʲôʲô£ЩЩ˷أ֧СֶڵλãȫҪ׵һҪͬһʱ䣬ɢܱΧˣ
ò˵Ҷ˷ǼһشĵӻǱߵҲҶ˷ϣΪֱɱģأûɱʲôıƵģֻҪκһϸڵʧܣ
ɿҶ˷ڵı飬ȻǸ˵ĺܣЦɪָ֪Ӳõ˰ɣѾȶ˾ģԪ˧飬׼֧СֶӣֻҪǱûжҲֻǱĵȴˣӭĵȴµģҲǽ֮ȸ̣ĲһָӰˣֻҪȽָӵǻ壬͵ʤһ룡
ֻͬʱҲΪԼеҡ巽̸֮ǰūָӵλֵĵҶ˷ѽͬģҶ˷ܵѹͻˣ
̾˿˵֪뿴ЦˣڿЦͬʱͬڿǵЦɲòϣ˵ҪֱӿսĻЩֱɱˣڶһ㶼˽⣬һ൱˽⣡ȫڽǱߣȴٳٲַ֣ʽߵָӣ
ǣ뿴Ҷ˷ЦΪҿְʱҲɵκηʽȥҾĵġҿ㻹ȹȥҶ˷Ǳ߰ɣŶ½ǱߣľػԹȥģǵָȨǿŵľأǼһҲʲôö
ͲȥɳĸָӣǣľأҶ˷磬ˣʵѾǿˣӷҲڣûϣΪĳˣֻϧʮȫʮѽ
ţ߾ͽˣ͹ȥ
ȥҶ˷ǱʱūѾӷļƻɣȻƸϹһ𱻽סȥĸָˣҲ˵ߵľʦֻˣ
ʲôԪ˧㲻ڸҿЦɣΪʲôҪ
ǰѵɱĿǰɱˣߺѶԸĵˡ
̫ðˣȫ룬ȴ
ˡʦҽ¸㣬ֻи׼ѡ˵ǽ񸴻ҪɱˣʵϣǳҪýѣһҪǵȫã˿˼ͬʱҲܶκ˵ĺ棡
ɿЦҪҸǽһ°ɣϾмңҿɲ̫Щ
ѾûѡˣǻλãҶ˷ֲɵϣһĵģ
ʵ㻹ǣƣ˭ԴѣҲҪΪǳ˵ľʦ
ҿǵùˣǰԵ׵ʱûѹðɣһ£ôǵ
ūȥɣŮ˿ɲһѽᣬͷԷԸҶ˷绻λӣָˣ
еĽ磬Ѿ԰֮ڶ˶˵Ľ磬ûܹģͬʱҲԶɽߵ˸˽֮⣡
̫үүѵΪʲôǲôǿĽ磬Ǹͽȥѽ
ѾȭڽˣȴκãҲѹ֣Ȳ˵ģ۷壬ǳۣڵĽ񣬻κˣƲ˵ģ
ӦûûȴѾ˷սСˣȻһսսͽƵ˵һôûУԽ񣬾ʹˣԾչɱȻԽҪҲǼ£ȻѾ޷μսˣǾ͸սɡ
̫үү˼˵ǻס磿
Ǵûһܱƣ磬ܵǣģЩͨͨˣ·һ̸̫̣ˣᱻ
磬Ȼᱻѽ㻹Ǹ

ʱ򣬺󷽣ٵĳԶɽȻתĻʲôˣ
ϤϢѽǡ
ǰɱˣڵʱ򡣶ȻϤĺˣ
ԯôܹˣԶɽ
ѽ̫үүǺ츳
⻰óԶɽһΪ˵ǡ
ѵָǰļ䣿
̫үүʲôǰѽҲ֪Ϊʲô֪Щɾ֪
壬壬ǿɶѽ壡
ѵԯҴ
˵䣬ԯѾϵˣ
үӣþòˣԯЦ
ԯû뵽ѽȻҴߡصĿѽϷôãϷȻû
ȷǸڳԶɽߣԶɽȴ֪ݣȻľأҲѪԴϵģȷ˵һľصһҲǺӾްҹѪԴϵΪǵĻ
үԭ£ʵǵʨǱ¶ġ
ۣŵģ
ǵġҴߣʵںʱ򣬾ѾͶڵʨˣ
磬Ƕ磿㣬ԶɽҲʣ׾Ϳˣ
ˣʲôݣȻڲǵˣֿˣǾĸ˵غɣȫزס£Ǿͽ类Ƶһ̣սһɱ񣡡
ɱǾ͵ɱԼȣԶɽ˵Ļ˵ɣһ㶼ںӣ治ǳүѽ
үӣγ֮⣬ʨҲѾȫ˺ģϾҪˣԼǧҡЩŽ磬ŽҲ˵ƾƵġ
ܺãû뵽۾Ȼһ֣ɳҲպʱ򣡡
۴ӰǻԪȵ磬εתһûУǰû¶ˣ
ΪϳӷԸ񣬳۲òصȫɳˣ
ǧǣγһ꣬׹£
үӣʨĽȫˣ


2720 Ѫ
һ֧ǧ˵Ķ˳ԶɽǰЩ˴Ӹ߿ͬ׹γʮŶ飬ÿһһˣÿһ˶ɫŷװһɫ磬һǶ󵶵ĵΪɫΪɫÿһ˵Ķͷϣӡһɫġַ֣·ǵһ־ͬʱҲһ־ʾû۵ǰ֧飬κˣó֣
ԶɽûеκһˣԿĳһǧ粻ͬĵطͬʱÿһ˵뼶ȫȻͬģ֧ӵеԭǡħ
ԾõĽһǳһģǺüۻܴһǧôһǧʵȻڲͬĴڣÿһ˵ȫԴڳۣҲ˵Դڡ
үӣʨ֧ȻͬǵȫԴڰǻԪ磡
ħ
۵֧Ȼȫħʦǵװ˵̫ʩչħԶ빥ħʦһսʿԣ֧ȫħʿ
ȫ壬ͬʱԶɽһͬүӡ
ħʿÿһӵħҲǵħһôĽ׶Σ٣Щ֧ԮҪסӦûģ½ܹͻƣ
ȻȻԯ˵֧ԴڰǻԪ磬ֶǳ۵ˣ˿̵ĳԶɽȻҲѾ뵽Լĳӣ۵ˣ
ܳǴʲôطģ٣ǳҵˣֻҪڣܶ飬ѹǿѹģ
ܺáų޷ߣǽ죬ͽ֧赲ƽ磬սɡ
ԯ˵үӣһ£ұҪ˵ֻ֧²֣ܳңʱֱӲκεսӲǽ߳ӷ磬֧Ӧû⣬һ;κεı类ƣǽͻԥ뿪
ԥ뿪
ӣҲֻ֧æػģͲǲμκεս
˵үүôġΣص֪ôˣȻүүһ֧ǿӦսѽ
˵ʨ֧ǲμκսģӲܲκ顣㿴ǶͷϵûУǾһӡӡΪǿֻҪӡ⣬μһսҲ޼µģֻеʨܽ⿪ǵķӡӡһ⣬ǵܷӳ
ӣһĿ湻ϸģ˳Ҳ׵չֳеʵ磬ӦýֻǶһѡɳΪʲôҪأʱ򣬲ǽ񣬻ħ˵ӷ֮䣬Ѿĵزˣز۾Ȼһ֣֤ﻹ˼ģ˼ĲǽҲħ壬ǡǻԪ磡
Զɽ˵ȻİţǾȻĵˣڡ
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ͻأһҵ𶯣ԶɽȻһ˵ڵսѾʼˣ
ԯλһ𣬻ס磬ý
ȫͬʱγֺĵ𵥵һֱ̣ڸסǵĶͷǶͷϵĺɫ֣ɢһĺ⣬漴ÿһԼٶȣֲ˽ΧΧһָÿһ˵ĵϣһħͼڣħͼγһǶͷһĺɫ֣ͬӡħ
ۿѺۣȻһʼʱ򣬾磬ɽħ֣ȴգ֮䣬ͽеѺȫ޸ˣ磬𶯣ƽħûֹͣǲͣʩչڽ֮ϣ
λսģղʹսʼ𶯣˫Ѫɫʯ۾ǲмĿһϷĽ磬˵ȽȶսЩˣҲ̫˰ɣ
һЦ˽磬ĺֱӸһϣղȻڸϷĽʱͱȫ˻
ʲôôܣȻʩչħʲôˣ֮ڣ֮⣬ʲôӵħģѵǰǻԪ˹𣿡
˿̵ɫļΪѿղǱߵϣͲҪԼ֣ԼֵµͿԽȫĻڣʼ
ħ֮Ȼ˶ħȶǿӲȣԼħԼ޷Ƴ
ʲôˣ
˿̵ļΪ죬ڽĺ󷽣ϹǼҲȫ֪ȻһΪҪչɱˣڳֵıϹǼһͷˮ
ɱԼˣֻԼۿɱ磬ɱħģϹţħƸ˼ףո򴨣ȻĲ񷶦ȫͷ󺹡ǶԸ첻ģӷôһ֣ɱҶң壬ľǱߵأڵǸʲô
ӣ鲢ûô򵥣ǰǻԪˣΪʲôֱӳһսѵԷħûǿ𣿡
ڳ˺ܶ뷨ǻԪ磬ǰǻԪˣħһԼ֮ϵģҲ˵ԷӦò԰ǻԪˣӦǸԼһ֪ʲôʲô;ŵõǻԪħģ
ɲΣѾʼܾ֮ǰѾﻮõļƻڣ죬ͱҪִУ
֮ڣΪ·׼һ·Ϊڶ·Ϊ׻·Ϊȸ·Ϊһ֮ڣͳͳɱ⣬ɱǸ磬ɱħ塣
񲢲Գ֣ȻħûɱǾͺðˣ
һתĽ£γһѪɫȦΣȦ֮ڣٵĻһֵͼڣ¡һȦһ޴Ѫϣֱӳ˽ڲ㣡
һѪ˷ۼħ˼ͬʱ󾪣˵ѪǻǻԪѪ
Ϲʵ˼˵ҪֱӿǻԪ磿
ûô򵥣ѪֻǻǻԪķǻԪ󣬾͵ǿǻԪ֮ţ뻹Ҫ˲ſԿԣЩֻǿǻԪĵһҪ콫Ǳߵһ£ȻˣֻҪռǻԪ͵ֱӴˣϹţ취֪ͨǱߵˣˣһսҶ峤Ҷ˷磬ľأĸܼʲôֶȥԸǣ
ڸ޷ϵǵˣҵʶȥ⸽Ѿȫˣ


2721 ʽ棡
ѪϹż޿κΣѪһǽ֮ڵѪᱻģҲ˵һˣ͸ѪǿһֵһˣǿһֵԴȥ˵ǳǱߵ巽ͬѪˣǿߣȫǽ֮ڣĳԶɽʲôãۣĽڶ˵ˣ֮һڵȫˣ磬ͽԽʧȥһеķǸʱ򣬽ôɱôɱֻ᲻ֱӲ֣ⶼһʣ
£飬Ϊ·Ҳ˵ֻҪķϵֿˣʵⷽ棬ǱȶԽ̽һֱӶ֣˵˵ĵϸսʤ˵Ļᣡ
ǣ·ҲֻǱߵķʣµһɣȻɽԶˣҪһ֮ɱǱߵһѡĶҲǲҪģȻǳӷĳˣ
ڣϹǼ֪˽⣬·ҲѾȫȴûгͬһȥҲɵʱķҲ巽̸֮Ҷ˷˵ǷͲγһȥɱ巽ɢѪһһкеģҲǽо֮ħ䶯ļƻ
ӣΪ·Ǳˣ޷ﵽѪõЧһѪʧǰǻԪͲῪ治֪ﵽôģ
ħڿɲὫϹǵɵˣڲᣬϹȻҲһ
սթô׾ͱǲµͲǽˡ˼վϹź棬ˣҲǽҪԵĶΪֹߴ츳ڣϹűҪõģ
ϹţжɷҪʲôʱֻ֪ҪǸ赲ҵħָ֮󣬲һԸ
ħģԽʱǲģҲǡϻָָǿ󣬵Ƚ˽֮Ҳֽɱ֮ġ
ܺáϹţǾ˵ˡǰ赲ȻָպúõĴһ
̶ֳ֮ܵȵĽ̸ʵǲѽҲò˵ĻҲϹŲ˵ĳΪԼžԵģǱˣħֹסħָǼֱΪ
˼˵ڽ飬Ϊ·ڶǱߵ˽⣬·ġǾ˵ԸһսѡģҲһǳˡϹţ֪ͨ˷棬һ˽񣬾Բ䶯ֵġ
Ȼ֪
ģҵڽýֱ죬Ǹʱλ񷶦ڽͻһӣϢȥ
ţҲֻһˣ
ϹǼɲ̫Զ˵ÿһ仰ʮ
ЩһϢȥѵʲôҿɱǼҵѪտһѪûеĻҲ̫˵ȥˡ
һϹż߹Ϲվǰ棬ϵףѾڽܶɷ񷶦ˡ
ħʲôϻָ
ÿ߳һŵ£ĽӡӡлðѪɫ壬ΪѪӰ죬һѪɫͣڽ֮ڣս֮ɢѪɫ֮һеĨɱǻľʯͷˮ𽥵ʧȥ
ģҪģѪѣֱӽɱģǲͣĴϷѪΪҪǼӷһ֤ҵѪ죬֪ǵ磬ڵҽǰ˵С
һЦѾϹŵǰϹż˵ĺ棬һ׵£Ҳ˵Ϲż˸û·ˣ
Ľһħ󣬾Ȼⷽ԰ζıˣ£Ϲż˿ɾΣˣ
ڣӷ粢ûȻҪѵȥɱĵˣϹǼΣյʱ򣬳ӷҲ᲻ܣ
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˵֣Ͳ˵һ仰ˣ壬ҲվϹŵǰһҲ͸ղֹͣһģ
ΪһԤƷΧ֮Ѿս㣬ȴȥɣһ𵽱˴˵棬Ҳҿǳҵȣ峤Ŀҽ
ڸ޷ԼֻԼǰһԺΧһУʼ仯ǿռŤɿռһ仯ûУҲ˵ǽԼռŤˣ
ʲô£ֲˣ
Ϲųᣬ̸Ƶ˽ڵǽվµԱߣϹǼһˣǿȥģ˵ǽˣ
ղһˣȻӷ绹ûһӷ罫סˡϹţ˽ӷƣʧˣȥغǵ
ȷôõĻᣬѵȽѹ𣬸Ͻˣȥغܳһ飬·Կ
ͬʱѾһխĿռ֮ڣҲ˵ǽʶһƬխĿռڣ޴ʯ֮⣬ʲôûУһƬڰ޴ʯ̫Զֻʮ׵ľ룬ߵʯ֮ϣϥһˣǳӷ硣
ӷ˫۱ǽյģһѪɶʯϳֺ󣬳ӷ۾ʯϵѪ⣡
Ѫɢȥ֮󣬳һˣһӵˣͣ͸ڵĳ۲ĴСѪɫƤ£һͷѪɫĳ䣬ĺӣԵĺձģ˫񣬼Ϊգ¶һëȻЦЦ֮УִѪһ棡
ӷûվˣϥģǵ̵۵һ㣬ԵĺɣҲûԷ
ڼˣӷп˵
ߺߡӷ磬Ȼҽ⸱ΣҵĴ֮磬˵á
ΣҵʲôΣգ㣬֪ʲôط𣿡
γɵʶռɣʵ
ûγɵʶռ䣬ͬʱҲʶռ䡣ˣռҵ塣
ӷ磬ˣҲûռ壬෴ռҵĽᾧʯŶԡ
Ľᾧʯһ˵ģȻ壬Ҳһ˵ģ˵ġɲôȻ飬һ˵ģûзΪƾЩ飬Ϳ԰ѪҸ㣬ֻҪס㣬Щ飬硣


2722 ȷһս
ӷ磬ǲ̫ˣΪЩ˵ʵܵסҵ𣿡
Ӧ㣡˵̫ˣںܶ飬ȫ˽ˣӵ͹ʵңڳ֮⣬кܶҵĵˣҲҵһȫΪ˶ԸġϼһѾʱˣѵû˵ʲôгǰˣǰɳ̲𣿡
ЩۣһûҲֻе˵˵ʵıԵĽϣΨӵ֣߳ģʸǰе·֮ˡûӷȷ˲𣬳㸸֮⣬֮Ϊǿһˣأڵ㣬һҲȥڻʱһңֻҪҵ齫ˣҵѪҲͻˡ
֮ڣеǿȫۼս֮ϣɵսǶˣȷ磬Ѿû㿹ˡûУˣȴС
˵ģǳ۰ɣû۵ȷǸʵֻҪҽߴǻԪ磬Ҳ㹻ʸߣһۣãҵĶ𡣡
񻹲֪۵Ӳ֪۵֪֮Ҫĵһ£Ͳ磬ħˣȶԸۣ۲һжǰ״ǰǻԪ򿪵һ̣۶ܹȥֹģ
Ȼкܶ飬Ӳ֪֪ڰǻԪ飬ڣɲ磬ħ巽򿪰ǻԪˣǰǻԪǱ߸ͨͨǱߵҪԸۣ˵ǽ۸ȥû˴Ψһܿģ磬ħ巽Ǹͨˣ
ڰǻԪ½»ҵǸǿߣ²ǲֵģһ֣ҲͲҪħ巽ǻԪͨˣλۣ㹻ʵû֮£ȥģ
Ҫߴ츳ţȷǸע⣬Щ˵УûϤģȫֻľ֣һʮͬģΪҲҵõˡܿϧˣߴˣһľ֮⣬ˣȫʶģһϵģԣΣ㶼ܳԵǡ
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Ȼûǳӷ绹ʲôӲȥģӷѾѹסˣǲܲμӵⳡսģôϹǼȫԻȥӷţֻҪϹǣһܽЩͳͳɱģ
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ֱűߣȷԽ˵ħ⻹ħЩһޱȾ޴ģԿ԰ӷֱű䣬ԤڶҪȥˣ
ܺãǾ˵ˣȻ㵽ʱҲûãȫ㻹Ϊ޵еһ֮ܽɣҰָүүҲŹġ
ԶɽԴңҲõħϵΪ˹ƽҲˣ˵ģΪҪǣЩˣʵǲá
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ս֮ڣ⣬ѾΪĸͬķȥϹżˣҲѾڵλøȥˣҲͬһλãϾۼһûзɢ
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⣬֮ǰ֧СֶӣѶϢֶӣϢ͡ϷֶӣҪͣǰСսȷֶӣһˣΪÿʮˣƻ˵ȷװʲôֶΣΪȷһҪ
ںƣƴţǼҲ֪ʲôһԲƬƵģȻҪȥμȷֶӣⲻû𣬻ӲҪȥģģסɿūֲֹ̫ǣϾ֧ȷСֶӣÿһʵǿļһ룬ԼûǿģǾԵ̫СˣҲᱻǿԾĵط
˵Ǽ֮ǧҪһȥסͷȥҪںֵţôǣҪŭ˵˵ĵϸ֮ٶ֡ȻΪҪǣԼİȫǵһģʵڴ򲻹Ⱦܣ
ǻƴţϹңǬɽ£˳֮ǰģǾǻƴţԼˣǲġ
սѾʽʼһսĵһСսȻȻ䵽ȷСֶӵͷϡƴţķɳģǿߣһʮˣֱӳսĴַȥ


2723 ϹҲüƣ
ͨս˵ͺñйŴʷϵЩսһ˵Ҳü꣬ʮ꣬ʮ겻ȵģսУһǱݣսʿǴҪʳϾͲκεȱ٣һȴˣˣһ̾Ͳõ£˶ҪģֻҪΧ£ǾͽȫûԣйŴʷϲôһ仰бδУ
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ǺãȻģھһ飬Ƕʮһ顣ֱȥɱ˵ȷװɡ
䣬ǶʮҲһ㶼ԥȫͬһȥٶʮ֮
ƴţһȺɵ棬˵һһסΪˣȥҿȥȥ޻صģǽһĵ֮󣬻Ҫȥǡ
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ȱǣǶʮˣΪǸǲµģԶʮ˶Ըˣ򲻹Ҳܽ˸ǣסǾ취ߵ˸ɡǿɲֱӳȥпܾͻ˵塣
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Ϲ˵Ļƴţе㲻˼ˣȷ佣һһվȻԼ˵佣֮ǰҪ佣ɱˣôĵ˶УǻƴţھͲܾܾ
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ţȥˣѵǣȴֱΧɱҪ˽˵ʵ֮ٶ֡ԴţƢ˵Ȱѵ󣬼Ƕ֣һƴģǸʱ򣬾˽˵ʱˡ
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İɣţʣڵΪûôϴ佣飬Ƕûˣξ͵һѵɡ
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2724 ٿص飡
ƴţ˷ܣƵԼҪȥն˸ϹõȦȥһֲ˷ܵǣԼԵһʶһǸʵ
ѽڵʱƴţǸͨʱƺǶôظ߸ϣǵĳӷմתΪԸߵʱȡԭʱǵ֮žʹ򿪹ֻΪ˶ԸӷˣʱĻƴţۿųӷһ֮Կ磬Ǻεȵǿ
ֵƴţ׻ᡰˣȻѾͬһεġ񡱣ƴţҲǰǰǸ
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ɱĽŲƴţ÷ǳĽŲߣ߻߷ųʶ۲ΧĶһʲôԾĵطƴţҲܵһʱ
һСʱһСʱȥˣ˵ĹӰûпƴţԵĺʧ䣬Ľ񣬵ʲôɳ·ֳȷװԼѾˣȴӰҲû
鼫ʧ£ƴţĶҲѾеϲûдκεʳʳֶ֮ǰѾ˵ǿߣǺںˣرִУƴţ㣬һҰζѾ㶨ˣ
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ƴţԵĺܲˬҪ֣ȴϹεķֻҪԼ˸ǱȥѣԼͶ֣˵ǽȥԼҪ
飬ÿһƶޱȵǿ󣬾Բڻƴţ£ȶ֣ܣ׷ԼԴ˽ϹǵȦУƴţܲɵ棬ַԼӲ˵ģ
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СӣϣܶסǧҪʧźá
˼ڿսʲôвʧ̵ģϷģ

ƴţһֱһ˫ȭͬȭ⣬ͬʱĸ˹ȥ

飬飬
ƴţȫ⣬Χȫˣĸ飬ȴԼٶ˿ͬʱ˻ƴţǰ
ĸͬʱ˿ΧЩƴţ򵹵ȫɵҡҡͷһ˵ԶأʵҲֹ񣬿ӣν磬ˣ
ƲˡӸոֻڣĴսɣ˵۸ĸỹֵļһ
ȣȥһеǿ߰ɣʵڲеĻҲֻ˵Ǿˡ
֮Ϊȵǰȫٵķű任һĽɫգۼͱһƴţһӵʵ࣬һûκε𣬸Ϳֻһ˵Ļѣ
ϲŴţ͸һģȫΪɫԵʮֵľȫҲޱȵǿ
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ʲô˼ѽЩһôȥһƢûеģһǵѽʵĺܵĶ
ǲǶǵ̬ȸе֣ǵˣԵˣȴ˵ĶԴǣһɣһֱɱǰɣʵЩѾˣ˵ȫֻǻˣ壬ֻ֮Ϊ顣
ƴţеͷΣĺΣԼˣ㽶ϣ
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ǵȷǽˣ٣޷Լǡ
޷Լɶ˼
飬֪ǲ˽ˣʵ
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ǾͺãȻǶѾ˽ˣҲʣǽ͵ʱ䡣˽磬ǾӦ֪ߴУ壬ǱģоͰԼڵ壬ҲǡΪĿģɱ壬Լ˶ûзŹɱе֮еȫռҽǵȫסˡڽȫ嶼Ǻ֮ǣǱƣͲܷ죬еȫͷųֻΪɱְˣ飬壬Ͱ첻ֲò졣
ȵĻûƴţֱͲšסЩ飬ȴҲֻǿǵһΪѣûпǵ˼룬ŵ£ЩνڽһУǼ£ͷ·Ƶģɱȫ壬ˣˣǸճӤһûŹǶԽĺ⣬֮ϵġǵΪƣǲ޷𣬻ҪɱˣǺΣ
ƴţ˳ȵ˼ˣ˱ϾǵˣǱǲԼΪеģϵϷ˭ѽƴţΪȵһ־ãǵʵ˵ĸˣһûˣһҪɱԼǸͲʲô£ûҪԼ˵ЩѽûҪʲôϷѽ
ѵ˵ģĲԼΪУһУǽںٿǣǽԵЩ飬ɱﲻܣɱĻԼͻѰѽ
ܿʲôҲ֪ڶԽĸо͸һġϾǶƣΪУǸı䲻˵ʵҲԽ֣ѽĿƣֻҪ㹻ʵеˣǶ˵һֽѡ֮ǰ˵ţү˵㹻ʵĻҽүүҶҡͷģΪʵ͵ǵĽˡڣҿʵɣҲҪСģһǵΪ޷ԿˣҲΣյġ


2725 ȭ
壬Խʱ𣬾һս壬ʿ壬ÿһˣԳΪǿսʿŬţҲΪˣͷԷǳ򵥣˵һתģö֮嵱Ϊ׷߳սڵκǰ;չڹֱ壡˵һʵһе磬ԱķչľĻǾʵǿҲִССġһ֮󣬵壬ȻȻľˣһֱһ΢ת
ҲܵĽڼ̳峤֮Щʲô٣ÿһ˵Ϊսʿ
սʿʿƴţȻһҲڳȣ˫֮ϢѾȫɢ˳ѪɫĹâУųɫĹâֹâΪһ壬ʹĳȵʼ죡
ƴţоȵڲ仯ȻóȻղ˵Ǽ٣٣һνսʱ򣬻ƴţǲܶԼӣ˳˵ӵģ
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ƴţֱӽԪеȭͷûиղһһȭصĳϴ
Χǧ֮أȫζһ£ϱƴţһȭȥһѺۣɲǻƴţǼ飬վԭأһҲû
ƴţԼһûжԳκεӰ죬ϽϣµٶȣȭϵһȭһȭĴ˵ϡ
һƴţȭһȫƴţסƵģɫΧסˣΧųȵȻߵףƴţҲʱ򣬳˳ȵϷ棬Ǿһ㣬ʱ֮䣬˻ԵʮֵļӲ
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ƴţԱԼλãóȳСУƴţʵܻ֪ôȥ򵹣Ҳ˵ƴţĽֻһ̽ˣûʩչȫʵ
Ȼʱ̧ͷŻƴţУû˿ɱ⣬һûɱˣǲһս֮еģûƴţʧҲ˸ֲͬ뷨ǽû´﹥ָǳȸͲ˺ƴţɼȻȫסôܻ᲻Իƴţأ
ƴţںƣ˳嵽ȵͷһתڳȵǰͬʱΧΧסȵҲȫˣ
Ϊʲô֣
ƴţųʵ
ѵǿ𣿡
ˣҲûп˼ʵ˵Ӧڲ֮䡣ֻǵ壬ȫܵĿƣ˽ֱ´Ƕ֮⣬ֻǱܵĹŻῪʼҲ˵ֻҪĹûңҸͲᶯġ
ʲôʲôѽȻҪ˴Żỹ֣Ӧ˵Ǳ˴ܻ֣ǲһı̬ѽֿ˵ķĳҪЩԲ
ԣ㲻ҪΪûз飬ΪĹԽҵķͻԽǿˣֱһɣһȭȻỹģֻڶǵʵһ㶼˽⣬һ㣬ԣһ֮ܣǣҲ᲻ҿƵȥ׷ɱġ
ѽһȭһȭȻԼܣ׷ɱôһͰźõϷƵģһ㶼ѽ
⼸˵һʧȥҵĿƣȥ׷ɱƴţĻǻƴţͲܵˣܵϹǱߣͻᱻɱģ
ΪЦǣһУȻǳȸ߻ƴţѻƴţģ
ƴţʲôˣţүΪԼʵвԷͷĻͲţүˣ
ãȻˣӾͲˡڣĳСɡ۷壬ȭ

ȭ⣬ȫȴ˹ȥԭأһҲƴţеȭ⣬˳ȵϡ
ȵðһѪ⣬Ѫʱ֮䣬γһĶƣγһ˻ƴţȵһȭ˳ȵؿϣðһ֮⣬ȭ⣬ȫЩֵ
ˣСĵ㡣
ȻһеķȫʧΧһѪƴţ̸оһǵصԼϯ

ͬȭͷһȭƴţƴţȻֱܣ뿴ЩļһŶͣ
͸һȭЩһʵΡ
ƴţȻҪƴȭóȺȫһ
СӣǲҪ𣡳ȵ綼ȭѽ䵱ĳֻɸСɸ۳ɾһˣǶǱ޵ģСӵʵҪ̫Զˣ
ʵ£ȭȴ̫Զȵȭͷжţ棡
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ʱӦó֣һԸոճֵ˵
֪ǱֱӿסģʧȥҡҲֵĻȭĲԶǵش
ǲǺֱܺܽˣǾ͸ˣ
ûô򵥡Ȳ˵ЩѾʧȥҵĿƣھͿЩһʵɡ
ƴţûȥǸճֵ飬ȵһȭƴţ͸оԼڵѪʼڣȵȭȷǿĿ£ı飬һ仯ûУҲ˵ƴţһȭûж˿˺һȭȴûƴţڷڵѪҺʼֱ˻ƴţʺ
ۡ
ƴţһѪ˳ȵҲʱ򣬱ȫѪɫ
ܣ޷Լˡ
ȴһȭͷƴţȭͷһ𣬿ǣһ̣ȵȭͷ˱仯
𡭡
ƴţ˫ıʲôʱ򶼴Ϊƴţ벻ȵȭͷȻһŹ޵ͣߵͣǵֱͣӳƴţ

ƴţղѪΪȵȭȭĹϵĲҲܵ˺˺Ǻأ
ʱĻƴţȥȵֻ֣쳤һ߰㣬ǿµͣͣ׷Żƴţ
Ҳ壬ħ壬Ӷģ
ȷν壬Ȼָȭͷȫˣⲻòûƴţöѽ
ⱾΪѾħԣ츳Ҳ䡣ֻǺˣûõġ϶ܣǧҪ׷ϣֻ·һˣ


2726 ֹͣǰ
ȵѾʧȥҿƵȫͻȻ䱬һѪ⣬壬Ҳڲű仯һȫƤΪɫһԵʮֹ⻬û˿ëһֻ޴βһڣڵϣҳһӣͷһ˫Ѫɫ۾֮⣬ûĽṹʲôӶûУǰûԳһͷɱļȫɣ
ͬʱһĸ飬Ҳ˸һı仯ǵβ˾޴ı仯ȴûκθı䣬һСģҲΪεĸı䣬εĲ䣬һ˵ĸоӿ־壡
ߣ߲ˣ
ȴһѾȫڽͲԼĿƣΪµǣǵ˼룬ȴǰûаʧҲ˵ǽΪ֮ЩȥɱˣⳡѪļ죬ͬʱеĸһУ̡
룬㲻˺κ˵ʱȴͷ峿£岻ܿƵĽǰһɱǽһôĸоΪսʿսģûκսȴӵģ仹ҪȥսɱˣǸ߰˵Ҳһ־޴Ĵ㣬ҪɱˣҲЩܵޱȵʹࡣ治֪񵽵ǲ峤һԱȻ˶ԴˣԴ޵ĳʲô
ƴţų˵ı仯ģ·ֹͣΪԼԵֻǸ壬ܱɸԼһ࣬Ҳûʲôµģǵʵ֮Ҳδؾͻ䣡
أȫ˻ƴţϣǴվԭأ˫һգգǰ˺һžΣ
СӣٲߣĻġϹ
һ󺰣ͬʱҲѾȥƴţ˹ȥ
ƴţԼ֮ǰȣָ߳һ֮£ԼһԸˣκһһĶ֣˵ٲܣǾ·һ
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УԲܽǸϹǱȥ͵ǽ˹ȥϹ׼ô棬廹󷨣߽磬ֻΣκεãֻȥĻƴţϹĸͬ·һģ
ǶжѽϴΪҵĳ嶯佣𣬽죬һƴţҲһˡɾҲϹǡ
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ƴţܱ̾Լû·ѡ治Ǹʲôø㣬Ȼôµγ仯ֱ֮Ӿһ
ʵƴţ֪Щ飬ģ֮Իᷢı仯Ϊħ츳ͬԼһ鶼ڽĿ֮ڣȻҲŸһı仯ڣԶɽͬȻ̳˽һҲΪĹϵӵħϵ츳ȴûڽĿ֮£ԣԶɽǲᷢıģ
ƴţһ·ʱӷˣǼ׷ɱʱҪյĶ࣬Ͼʱĳӷ绹зƴţȴһ㷴ûУԣǵ·һ
ͬʱϹǱҲѾȫ׼ˣھ͵ڻƴţѵˣϹʶȴоƴţڵλãԼԽԽԶˣһƴţƶٶȣҲǳĿ죬ԼԤƷΧ֮ˣ
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ָӲҶ˷ǼָӣȫһʱӪ֮ڣ

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еȻˣǲ֪ԸԸ⣡
˵ھͳǿߣ
ѵҶָӻѡ𣿿ū˶ѾԵĴµֻ峤ľˡ峤Ϊ۷壬ڵȷʺϳ֣ԣȥȻƴţǵģֻľء
ʵҶ峤ľضӪ֮ڣľȴʮֲмҪȥǣϴξΪһʱȥӪоǣҵõʲôʲôôûв˵ӷˣҵڼһΪ
ľأҲˣΪȥǵˣܳ𣿡
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ּѽƴţһΣյĺܣûȥǣǵ³ȷһģ
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۷壬еһڶڰ˴ߴĲ񷶦ǽɱһʱ֮ڣҲְܵɡ
Ϲǰˣ
ǣȲҪ˵ôࡣʱھŴסˣʱ֮ǲκζģɳӷҲѹƵ̫ãԣڽж֮ǰЩ飬Ҫȫľأȥˣ⣬Ѿͷһȥ
Ϲſһ˼ף˼վ˵ʲô߰ɡ
ǡ
һҴߣ壬ŵ
ħվ˵Ҷ峤þòˡû뵽һҵǲˣһħˣ죬ȴҪһߣһԸ񡣲ҶҲҪ̫ˣħ壬·һġ
ħˣڵɱ𣿡
ɱˣָ֮ҲδɱˡҴǾԲŹġ
ħҲɱҵģˣҿ߲ʽˣħŸͬĿģôҾͲˣǻԪ磬Ҳˣ
ڲϻԸΪءϾţ㻹ʲôŵӦòİɣ֣Ҫˣѵʲô𡣶ѣǵˣ㲻ΪǾ屨𣬵ǵĹͬĿ꣬񡣡
ľ˵ǺãҲǳǷҵ飬Ϊ񣬻ƴţһȵġŵߡ
ľظ˼뿪˵Ҷָӣ֪ͨ巽ȫֹͣǰУ͵Ӫ˽Ҫ֮Ӳˣȴߵָ


2727 Ҫƿȫ֣
ָĵصǰٶȲǺܿ죬ʱҲûиоΧκε˵Ϣ֮£ūΪԪ˧ģҲһսϵϽŰǰƺһսȻûнӴ󣬵Ҳǿ߶Ծԣȫָӷ棬ūǲκβģҲκβ򣬾ͽȫû

Ԫ˧ܲǱߴϢȫֹͣǰ͵Ӫ
ͨѶСֶӵϢٶȴﵽ˸ūȫֹͣȴûֱӪʵʲô£
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Ѹ̼̹ʵʲô˼ʲôб˸ˣţǼأ
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Ѽ˿ʼ֧ȷСӣȫˣǵǺε֮ǿҪ֪ūʱ飬֧СֶӣȷСֶӵʵǷǳߵģȫ۷ľ磬ԵʱǼˣ֧ȷСֶӼȫûȳ̶ȵòûǽ
УҪϹȥҴţǡ
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ãϻظܲǱߡ
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⡣ϳ壬Ȼ룬ˮ£أ˼ǣƤǼŸԵսţеķ֮УʲôҪǺˡƤŵˣ˱Σͷ棬Ųᱩ¶
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ūɣҪƿսѽȰ˼սŵķ֮УԼ˵ȥͨѶСֶӸҽСֶӣһ֧ΪҪļ棬ȫǳ˵ˣ
ӣū齨֧Сֶӵʱ򣬾ѾˣǸʱ򣬸û˻ȥ̫࣬˵ļһȻ£ΪԼ澫ĵˣ
ȻūҲΪϳӷ磬ӷ粻ǰѵȥɱԼ˵ĵǵˣͬǵˡһսܽ񣬻Ҷң壬½ķҲһͬˣʣµģֻһħˣ
ū໥һۣˣһһСһһŮͬʱ¶һЦĺϷѽ
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ûаѻ˵꣬˻ô֪
ӷڸģūɣҲڸķģǾͿһΣ˭ðɣ


2728 ıʱ
Ҷ˷ʱ˵ȴϢ֮⣬ʲôˡԻƴţûûΪɣԸɳ˼ӣҲҶ˷ͷʹ飬ÿһѾ˼˸ӣΨ˷治ͬ⣬Ҷ˷Ҫ쭣ַһ룬ƴţ˵ʵҲǼ£
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ЦһûҶ˷Ļϣ˵ģԻƴţƢԸ˵㲻ǳսҲֱӳȥ˴ġںԣڻƴţǱߣ֮⣬ɹϢϢӦþǵˡֻҪľܼʱϵƴţȳ˵ղ齨ĸӾͲҪˡ
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Ҷ˵ϹţȻҰܸһ̣ҲҪƲˡѾǲ񷶦ˣٴԲҵĶ֡Ҹ峤߹ȥˡ
ϹһҲ֪˭ΰԼڼԼû˲񷶦ǲ񷶦ˣѽ
ҶΪû˲񷶦߲ʽͿ޼ɵȥ˷֮ٻˡ
˵Ϲǰһȥһ˶һǳ汻˼ˣǧҪӲƴϷأ취ǳ˵ֵܽñ𡣡
ǶˣҲܰǱĻҸʲô塣ˣ㲻ҪϻʵʵĴҶӣһŲұȽϷġ
ǸϹһжԷȥǱߣһжԷܲ˾ڳ˫ɰ㣬ҶǼһ㻳ɵĳɷֶûУ
Ϲ뿪֮ħǽյ˫ۣҲѾ˵ټˣȷǵ˽ǽֻЩĻһ㣬ҲǸֱ˽ǾͻȫԵԴ磬Եġ
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ǿûʱȥħ˵Щ˵ȥһͨѶֶǱߣǲͣϵǳ˵
ǣͨѶֶǱ߶˵ϵϣܹȥҲûõġһ֮ĶԲߡ
Уǳ˵ˣҲţǵȫֻҪϵһ֪Ǳߵ׷ʲô¡
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ʵͨѶֶӣܲɽҲǺԶܲΧмͨѶԱǽɽǱߴϢֱӸ֪Ҷ˷ġ
߳Ӫ֮˫۵׹֮ǰ¶ǵǸӵĿ£ÿ߳һɱ൱ǿҵģΧˣȴһ˻ȥǣΪÿһ˶Ѿ֪˵ϢȫʧˣΪ˵ľʦ֪ԼȻɱڵģ
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ãǳ˾ʲôˣ棬ɣͷԣȻҲҸս䱻˵ǵʹ졣
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գ֮䣬ͨѶԱѾȫ˵ϣһ֣ʬȫʧ
ʦԪ˧
ղŵļ⣬Ȼǳ˵˷ģ֮䣬ͽͨѶԱˣ
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ܺãϰɸղͨѶԱӣڿʼǾǸܲͨѶԱˣ̻ȥǸ顣ȥܲĺɽɽͨѶСֶӣȫɱ֧ͨѶСֶӣڿʼǳ档


2729 һоλ
ܲɽͨѶСֶӵľۼܼ֧֮ͨѶСֶӵˣҪʶǿģһսûУֻҪʶ㹻ǿ󣬾ͿԼ롣˵ͨѶСֶӵÿһˣʶж佣֮£ǲҪսֻҪԸԵʶɢսͿˣ֮󽫸ϢռҴﵽҶ˷
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һսУʵսǿӵĵ䶼ֻΣΪҪսӵʱ򣬾Ѿ˾Ես֮Сһ֧ӣһս֮УڹҲⳡսʤһֵѶϢ˽˵о󣬼ҽƷļʱս˵Ϊؼڣ
ū齨֧Сֶӵʱ򣬾ѾҪҪ֧Сֶ϶ֽţΪ±Ҷ˷磬˷ԼĿģūȥ齨һ֧ȷСֶӵģͨѶҽ֧СֶӣԴﵽҪЧˣ
ڣȻƴţǱߵ鶼Ѿˣǿūǳ˵κһˣȥ̫࣬ΪҪģǽһжźãֻнһаźˣսֿԼ˵ǲĹؼڣ
Ϊӷ粻ڣ˾ȫ˱˭֪˵ˣ˽֮أ巽У˿˵ö֮ģ˲ΪԼ̺ú·ɱͬʱҲǳ˸֮ʱôõĻᣬħҶ壬ŹģľǸʱվڳߣҲûκôģԣ˱ҪδѣȲܲ˽Լĺ·Ҫ̺ã
巽֮ǰūǸ˾ѾҪôڿūǱѾʼչжսŸ˳ȥó˵ȫԵϢ˿ɢҶ˷Ϊǳʲô£Ǳ˼ˣʱ֮ܲǰõļƻǵս֣ڳˣڿūǸ˵
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ܺãȻѾ֪ƻǾһˣȥܲǱߵʿŵԱһȥҪסܲǱʮΣգ۷ԣֵʱ򣬾Բɢκεⱻ۷巢Ҳ˵ֻͨɱУЩʿȫ㣬ֻʮӵʱ䣬һʮ֮޷ܲʿ滻Ǿͻᱻ۷巢ġ
ףǻΪͨɱУʮ֮ڽЩʿģǵΪҲߣҶ˷Ϊ۷ֻܲһˣû뵽档
Ǻãھͷͷжһ֮ܲÿһˣʹһɫ֪ǳɹˡ
ǡ
һֱӳܲǱǱжȥʱҲǹĳɽɱȥԵʮżѽ
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һŮǣӣӦͨѶСֶӵ쵼ҲǶӳ֮
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ٸңһҪǵȫҳҾԲǵô׾ͻᱻġ
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ǰһǾҧΪԼǿһ㣬ЩνĹҵǰлʱûˣû뵽ѽȻĹ
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ʧеûȥҶ˷磬ȴܸоҶ˷ʲôҶħ峤ʲôЩѾҪˣ
һѾλҧˡЦ


2730 ƴţһս
ľظ˼ȥȻƴţˣڿ˵ƴţϣֻҪƴţ˸ȳͿ˽⵽˵ʵľţǽĸʲôã֧ȷӼˣȥʲôҪ֪ȷӿɶ۷Ĵڣѵӻܸһ֧Ĳɣ˵ľؿǵǶģ࣬ЩӵĳԱȥġǿǷˮ׳ʿһȥⲻѽ
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սƴţսȻ֪ԼѾûŻسˣֲ۵ϹǣǻƴţΨһѡǣԱС棬֮ıͬھ
佣ֵܶԲסˣ·ˣֻһսˡ٣ֵĺңһ㹻ˣΨһźǣûΪҵһʺϵţǣһҵġڣϹϹҾͽС棬ˡ
ƴţ˫һţؿڳһֱӳϹǹķȥ佣С棬ƴţܴ佣СһԱԱ֮ǰҪ佣С棬ϹǱܡ
ţүƴˡɣ棬ҡ


2731 Ѫжսɳ
ϹԷɿٶȳƴţڵλøϹȥѾԶˣͬʱоǿֵ˻ƴţڵĵطڵĻƴţѾûκεƶˣӣǱ˸׷ϣҰΧƴţû˿·ˣ
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ֻƴţѾС˳Ҳ˵ԱС棬ϹܼʱϵҲѾ̫ˣ

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С͵ս֮ڣѾһƬ棬ƴţˣˣҲѾˣΧǧ֮ڣΪһ޴ĿӣǱըɵĴӡ
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ҲǴɷġΪţееԺˣӵѪصˡȻȻѾ
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үүҸĸǻƼҵÿһˣΪţ׳ٸеԺģǻƼҵжֻҪսɳû͵ҲţţÿһֵܣΪģڣȴǱʱ򣡡
תԿū˵Ԫ˧ֻԳ֣ܾǬˣѾʧȥһܵܣʧȥκһֵܽˣ
ū˵ģһǼġɣｻ㣬ȥȥͻأ


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ûСɣֱɱ˵м䣬м䣬ĸ佣ֱӱС档

⼸һҲˣȻҪѧƴţڵ˵м䣬ԱС棬һɱٵˣϹǱҲ·һģ
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ҪԼߣǾԲߵġ첻Ϊţ𣬶ɱˣǻţҲûʲô˼ˣûȥ
ѽϹǼԣȻǸƴţһģͲܴŻƴţѶȥҪһȻڻƴţѾսˣǼֵܾһɣ


2733 һȺӣ
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쵰֪ҪɱҵˣûнҲݲǼˣɱ
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ūľأѾˣԸ
ľ붪ĸģū쵰ȻóѹԼӣԼ죬ҲòǼӷһˣ


2734 ػ飡
ϹҼ˵Ĺڵ˵ϣȻ޷κεãɶ˺˶֮˿޸һ˵ϹҼˣ˼ףľظūԵĸĳԾ
ô飬޸˿ڵӷ޸Ȼ֮ͬЩһﵽôģǣ⸱йϵ
ɲô٣ϹҼѾ˽⵽˵˵һǾǴҪѧƴţԱС棬ͬھ򣬲ǶôǿƵĹ𲻵κεЧ
ǣϹҼڵķǵĳԾʮֶݵʱ䣬ÿһ˵ķŭԽսԽǿԽսԽ£ǴĵˣҲԲ˿

Ϲұʮ˰ΧǿĹȫϹһ˵ϣϹʱԱС棬Ҳɱ̫ĵˣҲǹԼļʮˣǣϹҰһݣȻˣǾɱһˣԡԴϹȫ޴Ļţ֮䣬Ѿȫʧˣ
Ҳ֪Ϲôôһ֣ѵɱʱɱе˵ȥɣȻģǾսһ̣ҲѡɱķʽԼѽ
ѵ
䡭һ֮Уһž޴Ļȼ𣬻֮УϹٴγ֣
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ū˵ЩʲôáǣҪӲǴߡɱһ·Ϲȥȫѹס˼Ծȫѹסϣ
ľҲѾ˹飬ÿūͷܣҲûİ취ˣֻܰľصķҲʮֿеģԿūľ˵գ֮䣬ֱܷκһĿжȣ
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ϹǼޱȣս֮ϣ⼸ҲѾ·
ȲߵսΣҲܳӷ֮Ĵ˭˭Ӯˣս֮⣬ĵطˣħΨһһûмⳡսļһ
ϣħȻһͷųǿޱȵħ򶼸飬սǱһ˻֪Ͼ̫Զ·սˣҲܷȥܱ飬˵ڼû˹עħˣɼȻǼҲģ⣬Ȼǳۣ
ϥų֮ڣǿĴųʱ۵˫ۣҲȻҿٵվ˫۳һȥԵĺǹ죬Ҳǳ۴δֹ
Ϊħڳ۶ԣһħͲӲǽǱߣΪ۶Գӷģһսӷһµģ
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ֶΣȻʱǻԪ֮䣬ƳһѺۣ㣬׻ʲôˣ
Уһ΢ϸ⣬ɾ΢ϸ⣬ó۵ľþ޷ƽ
Ҫػһػȴ˵ƿ֮С»ҵǿߣѡʱһѷ죬һ֪ػţĺѽ
۵ģƽ֪Լȥ赲Ļ»ǻԪ»ҵǸǿֱӴʱ򣬳ȴʱδҿսһڳ۵һսǽֱӵҪκȥκˣ
ͬʱħۣҲѾϿգմЦۣû뵽ɣҵħ飬ѾָˣڣҪһӷδű䣬Ĳռ䣬ħָ£סҵħġ
䣬ħֱӳǱ߳˹ȥ̶̼֮ڣѾ
Ѿ֮ǰӷѹħʱҪʮ

ӡħĲռӺħҲʱ˫һڹ⣬˲ռ֮ϣֻռ䣬һѺۣ󡭡顭һռˣħ壬ˡ
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Ǹദ˰ɣǵƣҲѾϤˣôȻ»ѡеˣǾͰ°ɣ


2735 ǻԪʮۣ
ھŴ½սڼʱδֳʤɴӱս˵ԴʤǰڽǱߵģѾ˳˸½ļ룬ʣƺ壬˵ǳӷĵˣȥ·Ҳǳӷ뿴ģ
սĽ֮⣬ѾǳԶɽԯ۵Ľˣ߿УֶˣһѾָħ԰ǻԪħʦҲǰǻԪ½»ҵػ쵼ˣȫǳ۵ʱѧڵػҲǵڰǻԪĳ齨ģΪľǰǰǸңල½Ļ˵ħѧԺħ壬ħʲôģһҪѱ֮ģػ
ԭ˵ǻԪĳֻۣһλħʦΪǻԪʮħʦ֮ףȴӲκ˵½ĻңǸʦûκεĹϵ֮ԻὨػΪ½ƽ⣬ҲǰǻԪ½ǰǸҵĵһ£
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ǻԪ磬Ҳһħ磬Ǹϣֻһ½ϰٸ½棬ÿһ½ŲͬţʵΪӴ½һΪ½һ½νʮħʦҲǴЩ½֮еģȫ½ʦҲǰĳۣ½һԱ
۴ӰǻԪȵ磬ٵ磬о˶꣬ת˶ڵĳԼѾǲ̫ˣ
񣬰ǻԪ緽棬ˣþǳ۵ѧǽػˣħģһ㣬ӷڴֽ֮ٸǿĵˣһһ£⻹֧ػЩһħһ治֪󻹻ᷢ飬ֶǿĵˣ
ػ԰Ϊףǰ죬ڣף࣡˼ȻǵĳۣǻԪһħʦ̳ģҲϹŵӵѧǵڣ˵ʵǿ֪ģ˳֮⣬֮УһܹƥУ
ǿĴڣȴͻȻ磬ҪħǻԪ磬ͺԣǻԪǱߣҲħһ뷨ԸͬһȥˣҪŰͼƬͼȴ֪ķΧ֮ڣ
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ˣһǻԪ򿪣ӣģͲ½ǿˣǻԪǿߡΪǹ֮ǰǻԪ磬еĴ½ȫѾҸˡҲ˵İǻԪ磬ֻ½
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컰䣬˵ȴʱڣõһЩλǿߵϡ
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ʵҲ࣬һƺˡ
һƺʲôЦһƺҲ
˵֪õϾú٣ɵƺţ֤ʲôˣ
˵˵ʲô
˫Ӵۡ
ĸ˵ڣ˶סˣ˫۾Եʮֵľţ˵˫ӣۣ
ûӦ֪ǰǻԪ磬ʮ۵Ĵ˵ӰǻԪĿʼʮλͳǻԪ硣ǰѾֹʮλˣÿһλۣͳιǻԪ硣
û㣬еֻǰǻԪҪ綼ҪνʮۣʮУۣзۣҴۣħЫۣţۣЫۣˮƿۣŮִۣ۸˫ۡںܾ֮ǰ˫۵ʱѾˣû뵽»ǿߣȻ˫Ӵۣѹʵǿˡ
˵ûǰǻԪ磬Ϊǿʮλۣʮλ۲ܷʲôط޵еĴڡ˫ӴۣҲ޵еĴڡ
һ£˵˫Ӵ磬ʦΣ
α˫Ӵ͹Ҫԭ˫Ӵǣʱ̼ŵʦһһҪʦΪУΪʦǸʮһλͬĴڣʨӴۡ
˵ʲôʦǡʨӴۣ
û˫ӴµʦĴڣӰĵλԲŻҪ߲ģҲʱѾ׼ˡĿǰλã˫Ӵ۲ûаսʤʦԲŻȹӵʦģ˵ǼӣʵҪʦ㣬ʱ뵼ʦһսʦĶӣӦþǵʦˣҲ˵ǵĿ꣬ǵʦĶӡ
һ£˵ûѽ֪˫ӴӦǸʦͬһʱλۣǲͬһʱֵģ
Ҳ룬Եʦ˫Ӵ۶Եʦ̬˵֤ˣʦʨӴۣǲдġ
ʦ类֮ʨƺ˵ûʦʨӴ۵ĻΪʲôԸ뿪ǻԪأ
ͬ벻ͨ⡣ܸйذɣϾʮ֮ϢϢصϵÿһλۿưǻԪĹؼڡ
͸ˣʦûҪռΪУңԭõʥ޼ˡ
ˣ͸˭ˣ
֮ͻ֪ġںܻɣʦ뿪ǻԪĿģΪ֪ԼʨӴ۵Ĺϵܿ˫Ӵ۵ķâ󲻵Ŀģֻܿ˫Ӵ۵ķâ˫Ӵһϸߵ͵Ļǵ˫Ӵ۲ûзâ¶ڣû֪ݣâ֮˵̫ǣǿˣʦҲֶܵѽ
ôڻǼ°ɣ飬Ժ˵
ħûȥ˵Ļ㰵Ҳûħرܣħ˫ۣеעȫս֮У
ӷ磬ôս֣ѾȫסˣϣܴһƯƯ̸ҿڵ˵ûʸ֮һս


2736 ӷķ
ӷͬʶУ֮䣬һѪγɵľ޴̣ӷԸԵͣϡǲ滮ŸԵ򣬵ռݵ򣬱ȳӷһ룬ңӷϵӣҲһɵ
ӷ磬һ֣ˡ
˵ƴţǳӷһֵĻһ֣͵ϹǼ
Ϊɱҵ֮ǰǴţһ壬Ҳ˵ֶˡûϵһζѣʱԭ״̬ġ
ȷѾ̳˷ɣ񣬱ı񴫵ȴֻʹһˣһúʲô³֪
Ҫ֪ô࣬ҳӷ£һ򶼲ȥʲôģΪÿһεĺҵ
ӣѾڵ״̬˵˵Ӯңʸûˡ
񣬱˵û㡣ȸһʾҪСĵˣͬʱҲҪ̫߹ԼˡΪµľƣͿ㿴£ѵԶֻһ𣿡
ӷ⻰ýΪ֮һ㶣ʲô˼ʲôпֻһ棬ѲɣһսУһ
ǵĴЦƽ˿̣һʮ׺ݵŶĳӷ磬һѪ⣬ͣĴӳӷ֮ǰƿѷдȥ
ӷ絥ָһ㣬֮ϣӻζһڣֱӳ嵽˽񽫵ǰڽǰ棬ֻһʿڶš
˼Ƚһ
񱻳ӷһ֣ʱŭӣҲȻվʵӷ磬ڸʲôأ
ǶѾôõˣڣŷҵǲǻ֣ҵľصҲˣʵҲľΪʲô֣ᷢϾҸ֮䶼̫˽ԷˣֻҪҵκεĶľһܲģڣѧңԼֻʣˣȴ·ģضƺˡ
ӷ磬ڿֶԸңȴҶ֮ǰȫˣġ
Ҳˣ·ԸͳͳҵĵˡȻǵˣ֧ҲҵĵˣҺα֮κأ
ӷЦһ˿̣ûһ£Ϊڳӷһж׼ˣź˵֮£ǽ񻹵ħӷ綼оԵİսǸܣοڸǳӷý棬ǴҺ󣬳ӷǵȥ˵ġ
Ϊܿս𣿡
ǷӦˣ֪ӷĴ㣬ɳӷ⣬Ϊ֪ԼļƻѾ̫ˣ
ҵֳеˣӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɡҵ·ܽĵȫɱ㣬ɱ𣿡
ɱ㣿ǸҪ㱾ǸˣҺαɱһءŶˣҲˣҵ壬ᾧʯģܿϧѽռҵ壬Ҫ֮ǰһ¡
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õѽ޸޸һ֮˲ڰ˱䣬ľʶȫ޸ã
óӷ縴˵ˣƻӷϵͳʲô𣬶ڳӷϵͳЩû⵽ȫƻ֮ǰַȽס֮ڿռ֮ÿʼ޸ӷڸһУһóӷ縴Ͳ̫ˡȻΪҪǣھӷ˵ӷҲ潫ɱ
ֻôɱأ
ӣһ̫Сˡڶ֣Ҳ
˼̫ˡ
ұϾĽᾧʯħ츳Ѿˣԡ
Ľᾧʯ㻹治һ档ˣҵ壬ҵʶռ䣬㣬ֻǸͰˣģûǮŷˣѷˣǷµķ⣬ҪʲôطɵѺǶ²ʲô
Ȼǰ˫һţ󺰵ᾧʯҡ
ѽѽôˣǲѾоǿᾧʯˣ㻹ʲôܵѺĻҵǿԽᾧʯ㡣
ӷŽ񣬴һָͼڳӷߣһ޴
⣬ⲻܣ
ϣûʲôǲܵġ㵱ʱ򣬵ȷǸıң㣬û˿Էϡˣ磬磬ҴСǸ磬ȻͨȴŹĶǣթԼûһֶΣһĻһǸĻҳӷҲߵ졣Ϊǰ־̻һеֶΣԣνıҿֻСҼҰˣҪԸ㣬׾ٵ顣
ӷ˵Ȼģ˵ʵڽı˵ӷ绹е̾磬ֻǣµʱ˺ϣȫվڳӷߣļƻҲ£ʱóãȻûԭеǰˣ
һΪű䣬һһκܳľ룬ڿűǰˡңͣһܵõħ츳ĽȻе̬ˣֻҪõĺã͸֮֮һҵƿصСȻֳ֮ΪħȻҲŹΪһ㣬һУڰǻԪħ˵𵽺ܴİ
ֻҪӷ˽ľͲǵĲűôˣħ츳ϵн񵱳õħЩһ𣬳ӷ粻ֱӵű䣬ȶűԽ񷶦ʵΪΪǿһλ񷶦֮ٽ˵ǰ㣬õ츳ں֮󣬱˵磬ˣ¾ȥ˰ǻԪ磬Ҳкߵʸ
ӷһЦ˵ɷģҵĵ˻ûھ㣬ЩҲʧˣɵ£ҿɲȥȵȰɣսָոտʼ͵Ƚ֮㡣ȻҲŽֹͣΪռڵѷ죬Ѿ޸ˣڣκκκϢܴȥ
Ƿŭ˫ۣܽӷԵ
û뵽ҼƻôãͷһաΪ̵ǣһǰԼ֮󡣳ӷ磬Ǻģû뵽ҵļƻȻκεãҪáûᾧʯҵʶͬһطֻҪҽطˣ͡
ôͬھҵʶˣ˼ռ֮ڣң˵ʶɣ
ʲô˼
ӷЦýе룬תͷһֻԼΧ˵⣬ԼΧ
֮ǰҲȸ״پǰ˸ڲ񷶦ڵΪҲˣҲ˵ǾŸ˵ʶסһ˵ʶ㻹ͬھˡ


2737 ˫мƻ
ԴӶϺ򱻳ӷ˾һֱû¶棬һ½ھεͳߣһǱͳŮˣ˵һ˫Ҳ˵ģӵǿ
δħ֮ʱҲǶϺ򱻳ӷͬʱͷͳߣΪģպӷĲű䡣
񣬿ūѾϢ񲢷ǵھŴ½ս֮У֪ȻūʱͳߴȥǾ˵ӷϾҪھűˣԣڣҲͳʹˣһУͳߴھŴ½սȥ
ͳߣѾ·ˡϸߡ
ڵھŴ½½һƬ֮ϣ׷ͳһСʱˣһ̣ͳ߸
ҵ£ƾʲôҪߣ
Ӧ֪֮ԴϣΪʲô
ߣҪҰ񷶦ű䣿ˣôɵԼȥȫˡ
ɲ㡣ӷǱѾ׼һУҲܽȥĻǳӷ޷ھű䡣ҴϣиԵʹڣұִҵʹǸˡ
ѹֳӷûֱɽһΪûнӷĵͳͳɱڶΪͳߵĹϵҪ֪ǰ½ͳߵĴڣΪ˰񷶦űģΪűʱҪľ޴ûһǿȥ񷶦Ĳǲܳɹġǰ񷶦½ͳߣǳΪ񷶦֮ǰǿΨӷǸ⣬ԣӷҪͳߵУ
ʱɹܲôˣ뾡콫ͳߴȥΪӷʱű䣬ûͳߵӷ޷ɹģ˽Ҳ޷ɹ
ȻͳߵƲ£ɼٵԶ治ģȥͳߣӷűĻ;ʲô⣬û˿ԸԣΪ˱Ǹڳӷű֮ǰͳߴȥ
ȲͳߵһսǵľͷתƵھŴ½սϡ
ڣ·ѾչȫĽڽ´֮󣬾ͷ·һ㣬·ûٽӵָҲֻвҿƵģʼ֮ڣչ޾ɱ¾ˣ
ܲҶ˷֪ҲʧˣҶ˷һֲõԤУ·һֻı֣ڱƶһа㣬ԽʱҶ˷ԲţӷľػܸʲôʧˣҲ·ȫ

Ӫ֮⣬Ѿ˳Ա滻ͨѶԱæӪ
˵ڵսôˣ
Ҷָӣ͵вķоڿ˵ܲ˻ɽķȴ׷ţҲѹ
ʲôȻ˵Ĳһӣˣ·߰Χ
˶٣Ҷ˷ݺ˵ȻˣҲֻǱˮһսˡ֪ͨٶȳҪܲߣ²ҷһս
ǣ֪ͨٶȻ
ͨѶԱȥ֮󣬲ûаҶ˷˵ȥʱվʲôλϣȥ֮վʲôλϣ··ɱһϵûƵģ
ɵ棬ָأʱԼĴ֪ҵҪЩһôġ
ͨѶԱһЦԼ䣬һ΢΢һ˵ѾԽԽˣҵķоޱǿ
ʲôķǿȥоģķɣûͨѶԱƣûȥĵطҲûȥҳֱӾʹȻûߣϹţɷǼأ
ڣܲߣҲγһС͵սֻսɲԸ·ģ
Ҳʱ˳ķʣǿֹϢܲ߿
ǵ΢΢һ䣬ϾҪʼˡؼʱ̣ǧҪ¶ţҶ峤ˡ
Ҳ֪ڸ˵˵Ӫ֮⣬ֻһˣʿˣ
ܲɽͨѶСֶӵгԱȫӸԵλվɽµܲʱʱĿ˿ķʣ
ˣװģˣ׼׼ǳ˵սϾҪʼˡ
ھɱɽȥ𣿡
ɵѽԪ˧λʦûҲûɱʱͳɽͲʯͷԼĽţҶ˷磬ǳ׼һ𣡡
ɽ·쵽ˣٲɽȵһҲɱ
ҵ񣬾ȡУǵˣԪ˧λʦļƻǵȽ·һƬ֮ڰǡֻϧѽ½ǱߵӦǲ뵽ʲôҲѧһʧͬǶ½Ҳһ¡
ôֻҪļƻɹǵĵˣֻʣħˡ
ĸ߿֮УԶɽսһУûļȥϹǣϹǼѾūҲ֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
ˣΪʲôӷһ㶯ûСĴܲˣӷڿϷ㣬һҲż
Զɽڻסͬʱ۲Ҳʮ΢ģ˵ȫɢ˲ͬĵطЩطͲӦȥѽūʦڸʲô
ѵ롭
Զɽ·Ѿ뵽ʲôɫʮֳأ˵Ҳ̫ðˣ治֪ǿūǼ˼ӷ罻ģ
үӣǲǳʲô⣿
ˣ̫ˣһСģͽȫû
ȫû
ԯ໥һۣ˶˵
ϷħҲѾ˵ߣֻħûгԶɽǱǣ޷ô̵ʱ֮ڿ͸˵ļƻֻԵĺɻ
ӷ絽ڸʲôѾɱܲˣ͸һᵼսʧܵģ
ӣħû̫ԶȻӷûи֣һ뾡һа취Ըģֻӷİ취ħ벻ģҪɱͬʱҪɱеĵˡҲ˵ڳӷģѾǽѵˣͬʱƺĵ˫ĵͬʱ裬һ˫е⣬һ˫мƻ໥ƴɱȥɣ


2738 ű䣡
Ҷ˷ߵѾȫ˻صܲҲûҪɢˣ·԰ӵʽܲѹʹû˿·ֻҶ˷ĺȫۼһҲ˵һģĴսˣ
ԭ巽ֻʣˣΪЦǣӷĳˣľصĶ˵ʧʧû֪ǵǱ˼ˣˡɲôƺ壬ȫ֪ܽԼЩˣǱɵģĿģҲˣħĿһģֻħû֣һͻȻֵĽˡ
Ǵ˵еİǻԪ磬ѵôǸطǸ磬ʲôر֮һ磬ǿ磬˵ȥˣȥбҪΪһʱĺ֮ģȥ
Ҳںܶ˵ν׷Ŀ꣬ɶĳЩ˵û׷ʱ򣬾һ뾡һа취ȥ׷ԼҪġħˣҲˣǳӷ磬Ҳɴˣ뵽ĳһһ̫̫̫࣬Զ׷󣬿Щ˵ҰĲɣǳӷ磬񣬻ħ˵Ұģν󣬲а֣֮֮ǵҰģͰֻڵǳӷҰģȴȥʩУȴҪȥֹħҰģԵе̫ίˣ
ȻνʵνЩڵĳӷ˵Ҳֻһʱˡںܾ֮ǰӷ˵ҲܶҲ˵ͬĻӷž޴ķչռ䣬ҪģҲʱˣ
ڣӷĻˣʱ䣬ҲҪ̫ˡű䣬Ͻһǽɾһ޵еĳӷ磬ڽߴھΪǿǸʱǰǻԪ磬νʮۣδǳӷĶ֣ЩѾһˣʵ
峤ԼҶ߲ʽнϵõһĹҶ˷һĹŻ磬ľ֮ʥ޼ӷԼĲ񷶦ҴߣȫۼһֻҪʱƻϵĺãǳӷͽ֮䵽۷壬ﵽ޵о磬ǸʱǳۣǻԪ»ҵ˫Ӵۣӷ綼㹻ʸ֮һսǽȫܣ
ˣһиÿʼˣ
Ҷ˷һ£Ѿ·ܲڵλøŰΧסҶҸӣ峤еͳͳۼһ۷ͷ󣬴˿̣˸ȴĳطˣ
ҽ
Ҷ˷罣ָ··ҲѾȫĹƣ˫ѾһƬˣҲʱ򲻶ϵĲѪȴûڵϣǱһɾ޴ڵķȥǱߵѪҲѾеѪȫѪ֮ڣʹѪڿٵſ
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ٵȵȣڶûӵ
ǳ˷۵飬·տʼʱͶ־̫ˣԼ˵ٵףǾҪʱٶ֣
ȻҲûеĵģԽ·ʵԶԶ֮ϣһ𣬽·ȴС֮СǶڳ˵ɾ鷳ˣ˼·׵ľͽˣʣһˣʲôأ֮ǰаţҲʲôأ⣬Ҫӷˣ
ڳӷʶУӦ˵ǳӷѾȫƿסԼʶͬʱҲƿס˽ʶ
ʱˣڣȽһȫҰɡ
ӷ磬ҾļƻôõļƻҪƻÿ𣿽ҽ˰ǻԪ磬Ҳš
Ǿ԰ɡ
ӷֱӳĽ˹ȥҲˣλã˫ԣһôҲ벻ԼȻͣıӷ˹ȥ
˵Ѿƿȫ֣ǲҵԼˡԼԼʶһУҵģôô
ⲻܣ
Ѿ˵ˣ磬֮ڣûʲôǲܵġĲܷ飬ֻҪܽɿܡʧˣʧ˵ֻһ·ߡ
ѽʧ˵Ψһ·Ǿ·ѾˣҲֻʶˣûɳӷ֮£Ǿֻܷӷˣ
ұΪһҪһκܳʱ䣬ܵű䣬ħһսڣֻҪҵõеħħ壬ҸͲ
ӷ絽ڶ֪ħѾõ˰ǻԪʵǰҪǿ౶ȻҲӷ˵ֻҪܵõֻҪܽߴǾǰǻԪǿˣӷҲҪģ
ĳ֣·ɾͳӷģǻԪļһҲͬʱ֣һУڤڤ֮жһ㣡
ᾧʯѾӽƳӷ翿˳ӷǰ
ӷ΢΢ſᾧʯıС󣬴ӳӷĿнӷ壡
ҽᾧʯΡ
񣬵ʱѵзɣᾧʯѾˣڣʣµõħҲɡ
飬顭
ռڣѾʼ֣ƾҪʧ㣬ӷ˽ҲʱʧģϾ··ûܽǱߴ֮ǰһʧ·ҲʧˣʣµĺܶǿߣҪӷԼȥԣ񣬻Ҫţ
Ľ磬үүкܶڱڣѾҪˡű䣬Ͽʼ
ӷһǿʶռƳˣͬһ壬±ߡ
ǹ޵壬ڣɳӷȫƿأڳӷ֮ڣʣµģҲһʶˣ
ʱ˿̣ӷϢͬʱ֣ʹڽĳԶɽΪ֮һӣӷҪʼжˣ
үүûҪסˡھƽ磬Ƕ˿֮󣬱ǲű䡣
ӷֱ֮⣬ʹսˣʮ
ӷ磬ˣ
ǱߣҶ˷羪
ڳˣ
˳һԣκһվһ֮ǰܲˣҲɢ˲ͬλã׼ʱ֣
ͬʱѾʼζĳԶɽˣҲѾʼ˺һѾͳ߸ץ˹Ҳ˺ۣƿֲסˣ
ڣˣȫҿˡ
ӷĴ½죡
񷡭ű䡭


2739 Ĵħ
֮ܲ⣬ʿһʱ̧ͷʣ֮УѪĳӷ磬Ѿƾճȣͷ֮ϣһ޴ⶦһãһǵǰ඼һ޴Ĳռ䣡
Сڷʲô裡űԤûʼֱӾű䣬ֻᵼ²񷶦ġ
񷶦Ԥû֮ǰͿʼ仯润Уȫ񷶦ģʽϣҪӲĻǾͻᵼ²񷶦ңڲڲͬ໥ţ󣬲񷶦ļ𷴻ήģǿɶԲ񷶦Գӷһôûѽܲܰ·һ飬ӵһ¿ʼɣ
ɾʿ֮ΧͻȻǿĹâһǴҶ˷ڷģһǴҶڷģһǴ峤ڷġ⣬ĵطľõʥ޼ĹâҲ˳͵ļѽϳӷԼĲ񷶦бһĺĹļҲ٣պãȫۼˣ
쿴ھۼ
û뵽ѽӷСӾȻʱ⼸ںϡɾˣҲ͵ھűԤѽҪľű䣬ǻҪۼǿУڸûжôܡ
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ͻأǿеĳӷڱ˳öҲ˵ǺöֵгҵҲ漴ħ֮󣬽һ𣬽֮ߴԪص󣬻һ˶ûȴǸղŽùħ
üȫڳӷϷҲǲ񷶦֮ڿʼۼʼϣ֮еȫתƵ˲֮УҲʱȼ𣬿ʼųӷۼ
磬Ҫˣ
ӷһ¡սһɾ޴ıըڽ˱֮£ըֱӾͽƳˣ

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ӷ˫ֲͣĴӡ񷶦ڳӷͷͣתʱ֮䣬γһ޴ޱȵУսĴ½ԭȫ˹
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2740 츳ϣ
ܲӪڣĹǿĲ֮˷м䣬һźڹ⣬Ĺɲ֮ΧţĹɲ֮ǣסмĺڹ⣬ϵĳҪڹʬ㣡
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ħɱԼûãûõķҵֵܣҲȥۿڣԲóӷ絽űͬʱĴ


2741 ħսӷ磡
ħϹĴ񷶦ɱʱħһĲûУۿԼֵܱɱȴһ²ؼ߸߹ı飬Ҳ֤˭ħʧȥõļֵԲȥģֶȻûǰļңѪĳ̶ȴһµģ
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2743 ûò壡
ʱʵĳˣ˳ӷϹ֮⣬κһȥҶǶȥģϹţǰΪв񷶦ĹϵܴҶû˲񷶦Ϊ۷֮£Ҷ߲ʽһԵˣ
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ϳЦһɱǾɵеɵˣҶ۷ȻжˣֲǸ潻սԼҲ˰ˣ
ʱ֮䣬ϳսţȫ泷ˣʱҶͲ׷ɱȥ۷壬ǲκģҶڵһ˳˵ǿɾ鷳ˣ
ȫվס
ҶԼ׷ɱֹסҶҵ
ף˶ѹͷˣʱٲǽӣɾͶѼȥˡ
Ҷ˷ΪӣҪȥ׷ɱϳ壬Ҷȴһס˵µȫ˸ռˣʱӲƴǵòκκôġϳˣȫԱٶȳˡ
Ҷ㲻Ҫɱô۷壬һ۷ɱڲɱңҿɾͶǲˡ
ϳ֪ʲôطʱɽĿū̴ӡӡտʼӡǿ̣Χɽͬһʱƶʮʮɽ壬ȫųţͬ޹ɽҶҵŰΧŵɽ֮䡣
󷨣
Ҷ˷ĹŻ磬ֻͷγɣǿĽ⣬γһֻֻ֣ߵɽ嶥סߵɽ໥֮俿ԼҶҵǱŵɽѹɣ
󷨣ҲסҶҵҪҸ׶֣һĻĹ֮Խˡ
Ҷ˷ŭһֱĻĹ֮ϣǵУͻȻһ޴̣һһ˸ӣÿһӣڿƶš
ؾ֣
Ҷ˷ɫʱ䣬Ϊߵɽ֮⣬̵·ٳһ⣬Щղϳ嶪һģԭը
áˣҵطΡ
Ҷҵ˿̿˵ɽˮˣЩ˵ԱֵܵסǿĹҶҶ˷磬ˣҲܻס˿̣ܿģֻԼˣ
Ļ쵰ǣ
Ҷ˷һΧɽ֮䲻ͣĻص

ǵЦͬʱڻصţؾ֮ϣǵӰѾ˳
Ȼ㡣ܲʱ㶼װġܲˣӦö㻻İɣ
ҶָӹȻǴѽڣ֪֮ǰװġûܲѾһˣˣɽͨѶСֶӣҲһˡҶ֮ʲô
һ󷨣ѵסҲɡ
ҶȻūֵסҶ
ȷӷ类ħǣס·ҲѾأϹȥǱˣڿūߣ˭ֵܵסҶ
˵ֵסҶ𣿡

һ⣬սǱֱūȻ̧ͷֻԶɽѾҶϷ
ҶңһսˣūǣǴ
ҶûмԶɽģԶɽ֮ۺ֮죬ûˣҲŹģ
ûĻӦþǳҵĵԶɽɣ
ǡҶƵҶѾͶ·ˣڹ˳ҳҵĻϷֻɱЩһ
ԶɽȲûǸͣǸӵֻΪɣ
ȻʲôףϷҲٷϻˡ߲ʽһĻĹŻ磬һôĳ̶ȣʩչֶΣϷʶһ°ɡ
Զɽһǿֹʱ˳֮䣬ǵ󷨱Զɽˣ
ԸҶûáǣ¡
ǣүӡ
ܺãȻһսȴ̳˽ĲǾҿħ츳Ľϣжǿɡ
ҶʱҲʾһ߲ʹâͷγɣȫ⣬ҶͫףҲıԭҪ˺üڣһħϵ·Ҳļ˿

򣬺ɫĳ򣬳Ҷ
ħ飡
ҶħģҲ˵ҲħһԱֻ֮󣬳˼θ񷶦Ľս֮󣬻δͷŹħ顣ԳԶɽɲһСɫǼ̳˽񲿷ĳҵҶʧеͬһʱȫģ
Сħ壬ͬħͬǻ˫֮䣬һ˲䣬ҶҸ˵ûκһˣĵҶԶɽˣΪˣΪǿѾһ˵սҲ˵ͬʱһײʱĿռ֮У
Ҷ˷ʱվһ𣬶˷ͿūһҪ潻սܵĶȻǳˡȻ˼ƻôһ֣Ͱ˲κ濪ģģͱӣǳⳡƻֶΣ
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ܲˬҶ˷ʵ̫ûòˡ
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С죬˵ûò壬أѻĹŻ罻һ


2744 
ƥﻳĹŻģڱ飬һȤûУΪ̳ô죬Ȼǻ֮УʶǺ峿ģͨԶɽ˽⵽ǿͬʱҲΪԶɽĹϵ̳֮ڲֻѹô򵥵ģֻģгԶɽڣӦúָܻ֮ܿôõѣΪԶɽڰﱬָǰϾʱĳԶɽѾ˽һУȻħħתǳԶɽȻ֪ΰָˣǿɱȳӷðյķİȫĶ࣡
ڣ˵ʵ۷״̬µħǲµģħûĻǱضᱻɱֻϧᰴǵչħ֮ǳ޵֮սҲϹĴ񷶦ĳֳ׽ˣûħһսҲ˵ǱһʧɣϾջָһʵ൱ĵ֣ʲģҶ˷ֻǸ۷ˣҲֻһĻĹŻ쵰Ǹħ˺ôһξģ
ȻҶ˷һĻĹŻ磬ִӳԶɽ˽⵽ǿڣʲôģѾˡȥɱκһˣΪĿֻһǾǴҶ˷һĻĹŻ磬ֻҪõҶ˷һ룬һҲͲԶˣ
Ҷ˷൱ƣԼƺڿɺãȻһСѾͷ˵вĹŻ磬һһֻɲ̫ǳӷŮֱǸǿ
ӷԽԽгϢˣȻԼŮҵĻĹŻ硣һ񷶦ѵ֪϶һˣֻҪûǾͲͬʱϵڶˡҲ˵ѾͷҪҵĻĹŻ磬ͱɱҡ
Ҷ˷ĻὫһСѾͷ仰µɱĻǹһ꣬ᱻЦһġοԼҶҵû𣬾ԶɽǣסԼĸΣﻹԼأ
Ҷ˷һЦ˽һСѾͷƺ治˼֣
ǣʱѾūǣסˣǴų˵սţҶҵһĿһԭըըҶҵķѵģûκε·ǰҲܣѵԼ֮زɣ
ûò壬˵һŶԹ԰ѻĹŻңǱǿԷһģɱʵǲ̫档Ȼ㲻õıԦ˻ĹŻ磡ţ㿴
˫һӣķۺɫڣһСɡ˳䵽
еСɡһתǿҵ¹Ҷ˷ϣ
һ̣Ҷ˷˶ˣΪԼһĻĹŻ磬ȻԼûе֮£ųǿĽ⡣
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Ǳߺţ߿Ҷ˷磬Ҷ˷ڵһĹŻ磬ҲҪȥԶƵģĻҶ˷ѽֱӾͳ˳
һƬɫĻ磬ǰƬɫĻҶ˷ǰޣ죬ɵĻĹ֮³ǼǱˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣĹŻ磬Ȼ治Ҷ˷ˣţȷǰˣΪڵĻĹŻ磬ֻһҶ˷õĹŻ磬ǾͲᷢˣ
Ҷе֪Ҷ߲ʽҲҶǿĹؼڡҶ˷һĹŻ磬ȻҲҶ˷ڵǿڡ񣬳ӷŮȻһֻޣܽҶ˷һĻĹŻ˳⣬Ľʲôѽ
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Ҷ˷ںΣĹŻȫܿƣеҲȫԼߡ汻һСѾͷĹŻ˹ȥ棬涪Ѽȥˣ
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Ҷеȫܳ˵ˣ˹ΪҶ˷ڽ˽ס֮󣬻һ仰˭ܽĹ֮
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ʱ;һУҶ군ˣֻҪסԼǲбĻᡣĹ֮ɾЩ֪ǿ֮һˣܵõĹ֮˵պлõĹŻ磬Ҷ˷磬ΪȫһĻĹ֮أ
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ͷֱӽŸҶҵ˸ҧһһŸͷŸֱͣӳ˾Ÿˣ
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ˣսŵˣūڣȫˣ
ѾͷȻһȣԦޣһֱӾͳĹŻ˹ȥңеСɡٴתٿһ׺ĹŻ硭ա


2745 սħ
ЦɿˣҶ˷һĻĹŻ磬ȻˣǶ˶ѼȥˣͬʱҲ޷ĹŻûлĹŻ֮£ƾǵĹ֮ˣֻޣȫԽҶ˷
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ҶϾ۷壬ӵ߲ʽԶɽû֮ƽѾܲˣ
˫ûռԷıˣӣҪɱҶȫܵ飬ܽȻֻгӷۣɱ
ףѾͷҵĻĹŻ硣
Ҷ˷վҶ߼Ҷȴʮֵķŭ
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ǸףӷŲ񷶦ĺĹٱõҵĻĹŻ磬͵ӵڸǿġ
ȥϾĻĹŻĹֻһ롣ҪǱͼպܶɽ𡣡
Ҷ˿ԼԼڼˣ֮ǰһ·׷ɱֱ˵һͨɱֻʣЩһٺˣٲߣһٺ˶ûˣ
ˣӳȥպҶʵӲȥģҲֻˣ
гԶɽڳһūҶ֪Ҫȫÿһǲܵģ˵һҲȫˣֻǿԼˣ
ܣ֮⣬ҶѾ޼ƿʩˣ˸ūҲֻǸƽ֣ӷŮȻܴҶ˷߻ĹŻ磬ǰҲѾȫָˡҲ˵ڳ˷棬гԶɽūǿߣԼأֻԼˡ
ղһһһԶҶöģ
ҲٶʲôҶתܣ˸Ҷ˷󣬸˵ԼֻҪ룬Ϊ˱֮ҶȻʲôֶζõĴģħ壬Ҳĳһе裡
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үӣǾͰˣΪʲôڣȫɱϳʵ
Ϲᵼ¹ǽġҶ߲ʽ壬ϷҲ˲ôˣٴͶħ壬ħǲҶˣȥɡ
Զɽ֮Բ׷ɱȥҶȫΪԶɽ֪Ҷµ·ֻһǾٴͶħɽħ㲻ӷɱҲٴνҶˣǸʱҶ͵ɥ֮ȮһħҪ߲ʽ־𣿴𰸺ܼ򵥣ǾԲܵģҶֻͶһˣħΪеһҲǳӷ硣
ӷ粻ɵҶͶϵʱֱӶ飬ҲֻħŻȥӷһĵˣֻҪҶͶϣʱҪеʱ䣡
ѾһĻĹŻСɡ֮УҪĹŻԼõģҲòˣ
̫үүȥһĻĹŻˡ
Զɽ˵Сһ㣬Ĵ½Ļɲһ㣬޷ϵĻϻ
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ϹŸͲҪ峤ϻηԼŻ˵ЩġϹŻв񷶦ĻĻὫ峤
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ˣһսʣƬССսˡ˸ˣڳӷǱû֮ǰ˭Ҳÿֻԭعս
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ԯѾԶɽӷ磬˿Ѿľˣȫһطָǲûʹ޳ԶɽҲ֪ԶɽΪ˳ӷ磬ֶֻΡ治ǳѽ
֮Уӷ磬ħԡʱĽ񼸺ûʲôˣȫӷɵˣԣҪĵһ£ǽ·չҲǽ·ԭ򣬲Ҫ·ȥԸӷģ
ħľ벢ǺԶȻڵĵǳӷ磬ħͲȥ񣬿Ҳܸоûˣ
ӷˣħʵ
ţ㲻ùңһ·еҶչֻҪһʱˡ
ܺáĿǰλãӷв񷶦壬ûɲű䣬һʱ֮ڣҲֻҪ㽫·ȫչҪ˲񷶦ķûġ
˶٣ħ˵ңɱ֮𣬲죬ڣӷвҲŻֵġ
㸸׵ȷһֲ߻ġҲ˵ӷĵˣƻҳﻮµļƻҵұ뽫ҵɱ
ǽӦɣٶȻָ
ţҲҪӲƴӲҪֹű䣬ֻҪֹĴɡ


2746 ֮ţ
ԳӷԸ˵Ե˵ʱ򣬾ԲġǣˣһԼɹˣǳӷ綨ȻռȻԼɹĵȳֻڣű䶼ûɣҲûϳɹеھۼĽ׶Σʱ򣬳ӷǲҶģһãǲڵ޷ϳɹű䣬޷ɣ
ڣ񷶦߱һǿķƽûеģֻΪ˲ű׼ġһĲ񷶦űʱǿķ֣򣬲񷶦ű䣬ǿʮִģʧ֮䲻ͣǻţһ˴˿̶Բ񷶦ɱ֣ǾǱɵģΪűʧĹϵԲ񷶦ھűʱ򣬳űʱ򣬲Żһǿķǿ󵽣ħܶκε˺ǽָܹлὫ񷶦ǿƵǰûȴڣǾûûڲűʱ򣬸񷶦κ˺ˣ
ʱеͳߣҲѾ𽥵ʧʧҲζţӷĲھű䣬ϾҪˣ
һ˳ӷڣ˿̵ĳӷ磬ȫҲڲű仯ǸѪɫĹԭӡڵ޵ǿرǲ֮·񷶦ΪһӷÿһλÿһϸÿһѪںϣ
ħӷĲűϾҪɹˣƲĻڲű֮󣬳ӷҪĴˣ
Ҫ֪Ҫƾߴ밢ǻԪģ֪ߴһжôǿ⻹ӷ籾ǲ񷶦ֵõһĹЩħ֣δڳӷֵռκαˣ
ӷ磬ұǲֹűģϾֻеű䣬ʸһսߴεĽÿһĲ񷶦ħڰ˴Ĳû֮һս֮⣬˵񷶦ǿߵĴʣҪ磬ΪѪǻԪ磬ûһǿĶ֣ǾԵ̫ˡ
ħα˵ЩҲĻ
ڽ밢ǻԪ˵еһս͵һԣ֮󣬾бҵ񣬿ûͨĻƾʲô밢ǻԪأ
ǶħԣǶڽ˵еһսֻһʼѣ޷ͨǾûʸ밢ǻԪ硣
񣬳ӷ磬͵ħͬһſԾ޷ͨӷأҲ˰ǻԪ磬ſ̫ˣǶ֪ɵĹأպļ˵ԲǼ¡ű䣬䡣ҪĴӷ磬ͱˣ
ʵڵĳӷҲܽţֻûֽŸֳˡ
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ʵڳӷǼĺأ֪˵ٴΣűѽҲٿ㣬Ƚ·ָǾ鷳ˣ
ɳӷ뷨ֳ̬ܱ𣿾ԲУرħǿߵǰ
еͳߣѾȫʧǵһ仰ûУˣҲ֪ܲǵĴڣӷȴὫһж󣬷ϣȻ֣
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ʱ򣬳ӷڵڽϣ˵ű䣬Ĵϣͬһʱеģӷɲɵһ̫˷ʱˣħ񣬿ɲԼʱ䣡
˿̵ĽҲѾ棬һĲҽУѪ⣬ͣӿͷ·һ㣬еѪ⣬ȫԼգҲ𽥵ĻָУ
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ʱе׵磬ȫһγһ޴ѷ죬ѷ֮Уǿҵĺڹ⣬Ѿʼأ
һʨӣų뿪ǳۣȻӷ綼˵ˣóԿ֮ţҲ˵ӷѾ˸ħԿľʵȻ˾ԵʵǾ͵˵۵ġѾˣûҪųˣ
ʨųͬʱһʨͷֱӴʨϳ޴׵磬Ҳѷ֮ϡ
¡һأ磬ȫֻǿ⣬ţһǿĺڹ⣬·ÿһ䣡
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һ֮ţʽˣħ磡
ħųһЦӷ磬Ҳ̫߼Լ˰ɣű仹ûɹȻͽгۿ֮ţҲ˵ħʱԹˣ
ǣħûֱӻħΪ֪һӷ磬ԶɽһۡҽˣȫһԼʱħӷֻֿܵĻ֪ۻɳʲôħңԲңȴɱӷ磡
λʹߣĻҽֵ
ħ̫˰ɣҪ֣ο֮Ŵ򿪣ֱȥ򣬽ħ˲Ϳ˵ð赲ۣⲻڿЦ𣬰ɶǳһֵ̳ģ
ǵĵȻǷЩ֪ΪȴҪȥ
ģڡ
Ӧһͬʱȥҳ۵İҲˣı֪ûдӳǱߵ֪κ飡

һ޴ĿЦ磡
ߴλãڰ֮ϣǿλã
ڳ۵ߣ΢һ㣬һǧ˵ͬʱ֣
ǡ
ħʿʦȻôһ֧Ӵħʿ飬֧ԷڸղŵǳսУ޵еĴѽǽʦ֧ħʿĶϣֱǲһģ
˵ӣʦ׼ġֻǲ֪һ׼ΪõģΪ˶Է磬ħˣͲҪӴѽѵ汻˵ˣʦҪԸˣǡ˫Ӵۣ
ڻ֪ʦĿʲô˵Ҳʲȵſɣһ㣬𰸻ḡˮģ
˵ڻȿʦĹӣӭսħİɣ


2747 ħֻش󷨣
޴֮ڣһţŴ򿪵ԽԽҲԽԽ࣡ϸһ𣿲Բһֹô򵥣һ˫˫۾ͬڰȺ۾ƵģĶĿ꣬һգҲգֻӵ࣬ǿ
ľףǵص֮ϯû֪ħʲôʱ磬ʱֵĻǻҪˣӷ绹ûɲű䣬еҲûϣħȴһһħʱһδƽһˣֻһ˽һ˵ӿΣǳӷԼĶѣ
赲ħ֡
ūһ£ȫһһһȺȺȫ֮ŷȥûκģҲ˵ˣȫѾˣ
֮ŸΧһɱһ
ūڿɹܲ˳ӷǱߣûȥսˣ֮ŵĿζʲôūɱƺҶҵħ˹
ԼȻһʼͶڰмˣҲеģԣū˵Ԫ˧ǾԲٽһεħչһɲǣͽһħγƾѶԸˣ
Զɽûжǿ֮ţΪԶɽ֪ħԲʱģ˵ħû´֮ǰħκεĶˣҲǱߣ֮ͨŹսˣ
ħûǵӣҶѾǰ֮ˣ֮ǳӷг۴򿪵ģ֪ӷ᲻ỹʲôУ
ħ˲
ħ洫һֱ֮ţ
ûҵκˣý磡
Ȼħһ£ÿūһиֻ࣬Ҫħʱʲô˵ˡҪ֪ħǱߵ֮ǿʵ֮ǿ󣬿֮ǰ֮ѽȲ˵ģħ˲ڣÿһʵǰ˴ħ۷壬۷ʵūûκΰգħ˲ڵĹ֮վȽŸģ
Ŀǰλãپǰ˸ڲ񷶦֮ڣȫֻ۷ˣҲ˵ħ˴ħ֮һսپ˲ͬļ𣬳ӷǲ֮ӲƴģħӷҲֱӶ֣ɱһħ壬Ҷڳӷ˵Ѿ㹻ˣһʰɣ̫ûκεĺô
ӷ磬죬ֻ֮һս
ħڵȫ˳磬ٿʼζϵʯͷȫеɽɭ֣󣬶һǿħסеҲڴ˿𽥵ʧʧһУΪħĸȾȫħˣΪһħħۼ
һƬڰĴ½ΪһƬڰ˿Ĺ
ħʵħʵģҲֻжɷô۸ϹĲ񷶦ѣˣǼҲǰʱʱħûнǿ
ӷ磬ǲκλġɡ
ħ⻰ǰţһ֣ͻҪ˳ӷɽʱͬˣĳӷ绹ܱħ̼ɱĻǾԵĲ񷶦̫û˰ɣ
飡
صһȭħģһȭյһҲ˵ǽĴ½ȥġ
ڣ񷶦ķ֮ǿҲħ˵ƾƵġĴ½һڲ˵ħһͷ·һ޴ĸְϣ֮ͷ˻ȥ
ħ壬磬Խһеȫ񷶦ȴڰԵޱȵĴڣжôǿֻҪ񷶦ʵͲƽˣƽⲻˣᱻȥ
ħһǰߴĲ񷶦֣ȴǵһμ񷶦ȷ֪ûڼ֮ǵȳԾǿ֪ģ

ħеĹȫ˻ħӦҲǷǳģգ֮䣬ͽⷴܿˣ
ӷħһұȥ֮󣬲ű䣬ҲѾ𽥵ĽչˣڣȶűͬʱеϵħгԶɽӷ籾ӵеĸߴԪڣҲڿٵĽš
죬ٿġ̫ˣǽѾһϾҪָˣ
ӷѾڸı䣬ʱ򣬾ǿҪάƽ̫ˣӷȽǸֻ࣬Ҫˣǿһôĵز˵Ǵڵģ飬һֱƽĻǾͲˣǼֱҪͽɽҽԺ񾭲
ħȻֻһֻҪһ֪ƾԼһ˵ٷͬһٻûõģϾԼһƲ˲һͬƲ˵ģԼԽԽȻҲļ
ħҪҪİֻҪ˺ǲһƵġ
ٲ㣬ӷҪɹˣ
ˣһףһǱ֮ͷϴһ̫ҪˣȻӷһˣ
˵ʵձĻ˵񣬾ħǳӷǰѽô˵ӷҲĺᣬ񲻿ܴ壬Ҳ˵ɱǿѾûʸһԱˣɱϾħڽǸʱѾڵģܰĸĹ˵ڵֵ֮ǰ
һǰһȣڣȴҪһԸӷ󱲣ģûûƤļһҲܽһսĽô˽죬ǻ
壬ڷ仯һ壬֮ǰӷӣһѪɫĹ
һ㡣ȥֹͳ֡
ħԲỳɣˣΪʱˣۣûģȳӷȶ˾űе֮Ź𣿾ԲᣬħܲʣӷҲһʱɱģҲΪ屨ɣΪĺᣬɱ˽ҲǸһ˰ɣ
ħڸûʱ˷ѣۿΧǿ𽥵ıӷգһϣҲ͵ڳӷűѾȶѾϳɹˣ
ħֻش󷨡
ħһһ˫ʮˣ漴ֱʮʮ
ãħҪֲڵħ飡
ħһ֣ɷϹţǼµģΪħֻش󷨣ϲ񷶦ӵ£ڵħң
ڣ񷶦ȻûзӳµħȴȲˣħֻشʩչ˵ҪӲֲڵħ


2748 ˽ħ飡
ΪֹӷĴħ˵ǻȥˣӦŻõֶΣȻǰˣ
ڱħµħ飬ô꣬ô񷶦ʵѾѹȥΪħֲģֱֲͬڰ㣬Ҫ׵ĳͲ̫ܣӵµʱⱻѹȥħֻٴγ֡ڲ񷶦ԣҪǲ񷶦ˡ𡱣񷶦ռܣħħֻش󷨣ħġħΪֹӷ磬ȻҪħ飬ܲܳɹʵħԼ˵׼
ѹȣз仰˲񷶦ڵħϡ񷶦ѹôãħħֻشһڲ񷶦ڵħѾ
ʱĳӷѾ˲ھű䣬ȶھűˣӷɲᲽĺ󳾣ھűδȶͱҶˡ˵ڵҶѾԸ˳ӷˣħ񣬿ɶܶԸģ
Ѿȫգе飬Ҳ˵ǽ·ȫʧˣ˿̵ĽȻûӵᾧʯǰǿ󣬵ΪЩҲΪᾧʯĹϵӵħ츳ǵȫգ֮ǰҲ̫࣡
ħҵѾָϽǿӷɱ
ħߣһһħǴеȻеȫΪһ塣
ħħֻش󷨸շҲħϵȫ˳
ռ䣬ʼҵĻζأҲʱ𽥵ʧûʧǼ򵥵ıըζǰˣĻ磬Ҳʱ򽥽ʧһĻʧˣҲ˵군ˣ
ӷɫʮѿòܵű䣬һӵгԽűǺεȵ漣ѽɲʱ⣬ӵģ
ӷҲǻȥˣڲ񷶦ڣپˣӷҲֻܿپǰ˸ѹס񷶦ڵħˣ
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ӷֱãپˣҲʱϥվ
ڣΪħĹϵ״һŵĺҲħڲ֮໥ţħֲħ飬治һǿ󣬾ȻԸ֮⣬һڲű֮󿹺ģɼħֲµħ飬ӦòԼô򵥣ӦûħǿߵħڣŻʹħǿģ
񷶦ʲô仯һʮǿħ֪ʲôطðġپļѽ񷶦ǳӷΪǿĵƣ񷶦⣬鷳ˣ
ħֲµħ飬ʮǿҪħֹҡҵûȶҲûϡвҵֵħ񣬿ڲ񷶦ڵħ飬ֻܿˡ
ʵҪôɡҪǵҲԲһüͷġ
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ǲģǻǳʹ࣬ҽħ򷢵֮ǰ޷Ǽʹࡣ
£ѵʹɡ
׺ѽ˵Ҳûһ˵µĵزǾ˵ѾͶ·ˣʱʹǶԣʲôأ
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ӷ˼ǣҪپˣħֲڲ񷶦ڵħɵ
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ӷԿ϶ǣپǰ˸ǲΣյģ˵ֻʹˣʹҲֻʱģȳӷ罫ħ֮󣬴츳ҲǳҵѪǰ˸ǸʱǾͿȥħˣҲһħĽϣֻǻһַˣ
Ͳȳӷٶ˵һ仰õλãһ˳һɫĶ磬һǺɫģ
ɫٶʮֿ죬֮䣬ͳһþ޴Ǵ˵е֮ȫΪɫγɣúɫħħ
ʵڲڣپ֮⣬Ķ޸ͷ޲ڣģ磬ӷ統õǿӵţҲһǿԵܵǬľӷ統ǿĹʵϵҩãԴǻǺܳĵҩɹʡ
ڣǿѾ𽥵Ŀήȫħĺɫգپ˵Ҳڱգ
˿̵ѾоȴǶ־ʮ㣬ֱӾͳɫ˹ȥ˫ֽıһֱ֦Ӿ˹ȥһڣҧ֦ϣ
үģӳ㡣
һһڵĳźɫҲڳħħ飡ճ¼ڣ׾ͿʼöʹʹǳʹʹڵϴͣĹȥ
ѽүģʹˣ
׵ӣپ֪ӷΪʲô˵ʹˣʹ࣬治ĸɴ࣡
ɼȻ׶Ѿˣپ˲׵ģһȫ嵽˺ɫǰһһڵĳҪܶʹ࣬پҲʹ֮£ѵվߵɫǰɫļΪ԰ףЦӻûԱԡ
پôһ㣬ɫҲħħ飬ڲ񷶦ڣԽԽСԽԽپˣÿһ˵ڣһĺڹ⣬ħÿһ˵С棬ʼɫ⣬𽥵ıħȾ˴ɫÿһϵƤʼڣϸѪҺҲȫڳ˺ɫޱǿҩɽľ綾㣡
ٶȽѽǿɶ˶ѽʹӲ񷶦ڴӷɫҲķǳѿپǼã
λˣһᣬһٶȣģ
ʱ򣬾űϾѾҪȶˣӷеҲҪϳɹˣ
ǣħ֣Ҳʼչ˹ƣǿޱȵȫۼ˲֮ϣʹѾʼֵѺۣ
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ӷ絥һ̤ռ䣬ӻζ̼ȫȶ
ӷһȭңƿȭһȭƿѽڳӷǰȭͷȴ漣ĳ˽ؿڣӷħϵȫȭͷռ䣬֮ǰץһһȭĴ˽ؿϣ
ӣ˳ˣٵıˣУһϺɫѪҺ˳
ħȻתͷ׾ͱˣе˼飬˵ⲻܣҵħΪʲôû
ħһõϢħ飬Ѿҵ˸ˣ


2749 ȭѣ
ʲôħ鱻Եˣ
ħ˫ͬبźڰ˫ۣĿųӷ磬Լħ飬ֲڲ񷶦ڵħ飬Ȼӷ˳ԵˣôܣЦôӷֵ¶ЩʲôֿѽȻԼħ飬ѵӷͲħ𣿾㲻ħôǿħ飬ħ껨˲˼ģһ˱˵ǳԣһ£Ƕ·һģҲֲ֮ˣ
ڣħȷһ㷴ӦûУȫʧ˰㣬֮ǰħβ񷶦Ĵս˵ħɴû˿ʧĺۼѽҲͱѹסˣ
ӷ˵ôģһڿڵĳԣǾǱɵˣ
Ȼӷ粻ʲôپڲ񷶦ʹȥĻǰ˸Ҳֲӷ罫ħˣ
ڵѾϵĲˣڣֻڽš
ӷʱ򣬽ϵĹ񷶦پȽԼ񷶦ҲԵȻ״ܼپ˵ʹ࣬ѹһħǴ˺
񱻳ӷƿյһȭĿѪ⻹ǳ˽밢ǻԪǴ֮ΨһһˣȻ񵱳ıƵģʵνǿмƻĽᾧʯ˳ڣóȥħžǵĴħ۷״̬£ħҲռݲ˿Ϸģ
񣬳ӷһȭͽѪ֪ӷʵѾԽ˽񣬳ԽħԽ˵ħĴħ
˴ʱ˿̣˵ħɵۣԶɽǱߣ˵Ҳȫɵۣ
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ûȥ˵κһ仰ūȫ֮ŵſڣǵħĴʱ磬ֻҪǽԼ߾ͻͲǵȫڿƣһɱһɱһ˫Ǵ͹ȥ

һյЦĴ½ͣĻصţЦʱ򣬾ǽĴʣȴΪһ˵Ĵʣ
һžۣӽӷȻ˵ÿһжֹǿֻҪһǾǾţĴڣӷһĳѾԽ˽棬ôһ𣬽ֱӴӳҵʷϳ
ű䡭
ӷһָֻ߸߾һֻħͷϵĲ񷶦ҲʱλӷΪһ壬ɫɫ
ڲ񷶦λͬʱҲ˳ӷ󣬳ӷ絥һӣͷһԲȦԲȦڣһǿ֣ĹȫУ
ϡ
ӷڶ󺰣һĺĹȫ񷶦ںΪһ塣
ãڲű仯پˣʱûȥ̫ࡣãſϵſ󣬲ñޱȵӴ󣬿˵һ޼ʣȫµĲ֮ڣȻźɽɭ֣󣬵ȵȵһУĲӦоУ
ǡһ磡
ţþȻһ磬Ҳ˵ǲ񷶦֮ڣѾһ磬绹һԲ֮γɵУǻľˮһеһУв֮γɵģ
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ĳӷ磬Ѿֻʣ°ˣǿڲͣı󣬳ʮʮգӷʱ˾þùһʮһ
޳򣬿ĻӶţӷȫȣû˿ı仯ҲѾȫϣ
˵˱޵Уû޵е˵ű񣬵Ҿһ񣬶ħ඼㲻ˣ
ӷڵĸоȷѾһˣʲôǣôȫһ𣬳ӷ·ͱһ࣡
࣬ضҪȫĵ֮󣬱һȫµˣ
أģ磬ڲûڲ֮ǰħ𶯰ˣڣӷȴ翪ʼη
ʲôƿ磬ûо޵еȥƿ磡ǰĳӷ磬ҲǽżŽһĵ˸ģ˵ҲԼŬ棬ÿһΣս֮սˡžţʵǻҪȥЩ֮ս
֮ʮ̧֮硣ڵĳӷ磬һţ棬޵еĳӷ磬·ڵ磬԰ǻԪڣ˳֮⣬κһˣеĹӷˣ
ħһλᡣڣҵĿǽ㣬ҽɱɱͿıˡ
ʵӷоԵʸħͬʱɵӷ粢ʵѵĴڣӷ᲻֪𣬻ܿ϶ˣǸħһģʵÿһ˵ʵԶԶħ֮ѽʲôˣӷҪȸҪھʱܶħһң
ңӷ粻£ˣɱ˱ǣֻǳӷĵЩˣЩǲӦôģôǵݣǵӷѾµİ˾Ųʮˣ
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ڣûԼħȫѽ
﷢㶣ģһȥ
ӷ絥һӣ¡һһɾ޴ĳֱӽħ壬ˣ׹䣬顭һ޴ɽ֮ײ˸ϡã
û˰ˡ񣬽죬ΪԼɱأΪ壬Ǳأ
񱻳ӷһȭĿѪʱ򶼻û
ӷ磬Ϊ㵽˲ű䣬Ĵɱҡ㣬㡭

ӷӰһ˽ǰڶȭַ˳
ûκεĶ͹ԹԵվӷȭͷСϡ
˫Ѫɫʯӣһ͵˳壬ӷһˣУһѪ
ӷûкˣýԼϣȭѾȭͷǿҵѪ⡣
⣬Ĵ壬ϲűȭȭ㡣
ӷ硭ңġ
飡
ĵȽ˵꣬ӷĵȭѾ
ȭǳӷ˵ġ죬Ҫţ˵ȭԲеȭ
ˣѾȫû뵽Լƻôõ£ǻ˳ӷԼҲ˳ӷԲţԼȭȭѡԲܡô˼Ѿˣ


2750 ˫Ӵۣ
ħǳ˵ˣֻڸ߿֮ϵİˣһĻȫסˣЩ˱ʵǿޱȣ԰ǻԪǿߣҲһѽ
뵱꣬ħͬʱǰǻԪ磬ǸʱĽȻûг֣һֱڴħ󣬶Ϊǿһִ˽ᾧʯڣɵİҲ˲ʮӵʱ䣬ŽħϳǻԪģ
죬ӷֻȭͽ㶨ˣ̶ֳ㣬Ǵħ֣ǳӷҲʮȭ֮ڸ㶨ͲҪʮӵʱѽ
ΪʲôӷҲǿе˰ɣѵűĴϣӵ˾޴𣿿ˣѹֽҪߴˣһߴռҲǰ˵ģֲ磬綼ûֵǳӷ޵еĴˣǰǻԪʮۣĶˣ
ߴþۼýϣڳӷѾ֣ʣµľֻľأ˼׵ˣҪҽϣǼ£ҪۼҽǿͲǼ׵ˣ
ɲôӷڿɹܲô࣬ȭʹˣʬ壬ڳӷϣӷԲ˷˽ղյˣħϵѾԳˣҲǽȡģħɷȴΪɱģģ
һĻħǱ亹ˣҲɵɵĿųӷǱߣֻӷ壬ޱȵľ޴ˣҲ˱仯ɸһӣһ޴ģѪɫģ׵Ĺ
һצʬץУû˺ûһжѾûˣڣôʱ֮ǲʧģӷҲʱһ㶼ԥһҲֱӽʬץߣͬʱһѪɫðʬ壬ʼᣬ͸֮ǰһ
һڣ
ӷֻһڣͽʬȫˣʱҪɴĶ࣬Ҳ˳ľ飬Ҳȫ仯ӷһ㶼öģúζǿʬ壬㣬ӷһһȫԵ
ųӷ磬һǿ㣬ǸĺᣬһĶӣȻ˵Ŀ£˵Ŀֲѽ飬ֶΣڰǻԪ磬ûģ
ٲ֣ӷҪԵģɾħˡһµİ˵
ǵĴڣӷһѾоˡղɱ񣬲ûжħɱ֣ҲȻ֪Ǹħһģһħ֣Ȼ᲻ܣӣӷѾǵݣʱǳֵģ
ǻԪͻȻˣһڰǻԪûģⲻòóӷ༸ۣɲҪΪһʱĺʤħ廹δȽǻԪˣȻǻԪܹǶйķͲҪǻԪģַȴÿζܳɹģҪʲôۣ򣬰ǻԪͲֻˣ
⣬ӷ绹룬ΪʲôǻԪˣħһħڵʵѾԼĶˣħıħı󣬴ڵǰǻԪ磬鷳ɾĴˣʱԼҪԸĻħ𣬻ħ𣿲ʱԼҪԵģǻԪˣ
ӷ罫Ե֮˫ѾħħĿ֪ڰǻԪ飬Ҫ֪ΪʲôǻԪ˻ħһ
ħɲɵϣ֪ѾǳӷĶˣȥӷӲǸûģ
ǲΪҪģħһǶʱ֮ȴ˳ӷɵʹֱӳǱ߷˹ȥͬʱ֮˫۾ҲʧˣħǱ߹ս˳ӷǿ󣬿һβ񷶦ı̬ħԸˣȭ㶨ħʱֱǲ
ӷʱҲһµˣȫ˵ȥ
Ȼħҹ֮Ҳˣӷǲȥرģħܵ߿˴Ѱ󱣻ôӷͱҪȥһǿߣ
ūˣȫӳӷ˵˵ϣӷѾǲű䣬۷壬ңĴʵū˵֪߳˶ٱ
ǰūֻǳƺӷΪĻڣūͱʮֹһˣ
ħǰ˵λʹߣӷڵı̬Ҳˡٲ֣Ҳ޷ȥģ
ħѰ󱣻Ѱ˵ı𣿸Ѱˣʲô˫ӴѡԼǾҪԼȫ
ħ죬˭ұ㡣
ӷӰҲ˰ǰˣͬʱǰǰٶȣֳӷڶʵϸһҲûˣȴѾħ˵
ħڵȷǵĵ˱ܱܲסⲢǰ˵ģӷ緢ҪƴһħҲ·һģ
ӷ磬ħѾĶˡɱǲ̫û׷̫ûˣ
ӷԣ
ǰǻԪˣ
ûǰǻԪµػģػȫˡҲ˵ҪɱħǾҪȽػ
ŶǻԪ磬ңػҲʲôѼģҲɱħǾǸңĿΪΣôģħδǻԪ磬ҲܿˣȴԼ˹еΥҸħ֮Ϸɣ
ǹôӣôĶѽӷĿʮˣ
ǳ۵ĶӣǣǸСʨ
߳ӷ磬㸸ף԰ǻԪģȻڳۣӷѾ˽ĲˣֻҪϲ˵ӷҲͱֽġ
Ҳϻǲشҵ⣬ҴĻ죬ǰǻԪˣܻصȥΪǰǻԪжôţ棬ҵĵ̣˭ҵĵϷҾҪȫʬ
˵ֹȫʬǳ˲¹ͷġǣӷЩ飬ڻӦ֪֪ˣǶ㣬Ƕ磬ûôġûȷȭɱ˽ħҲĶˣħȴڱֻҪ˲Զɱħġ
ŶҲ˵ֻҪֱӽħ˵ǳ˴򵹣ǰǻԪ磬Ҳҵˣ
ûǻԪ磬ͳߣ˫ӴֻۡҪܽ˫Ӵ۴ܣ޵еˣĿǰλãܴ˫Ӵ۵񻹲ڣۣҲδؾܴĹ˫Ӵۣ
ӷЦһ˵˲ʲô˫Ӵ۵Ķţ˵ӶĶ֣ڴţأģǴţţƤᴵƵģģӷ֪ɱħˣԺҲδɱħ
룬ӷһ漣ˣǰ˭ĵӷǿֵزǿҲǲűѣڵĳӷ磬ȴѾԽ˲ű䣬һԵʵ
Ҹ׶Ը˵ˣһҲԸˡܴҸ׵ˣδؾܴҡ仰ǸҼסˣʲôǻԪ磬ʲô˫ӴۣҳӷѻΪеˣҽɱɱɱɱ껹ɱˣʮ꣬һ꣬һ֮꣬


2751 ľħʦ
ڰ˿ӷǲ֪ߵغûԳӷʵ˵֮ڣֻһʤⲢԼǻԪǿǰҰǳ۵Ķӣ̬ȥԽĶ֣·һģ
ǳ۵ĶӣҲһҪӷһѵУҪΪʱ򣬾Ϳ޼ɵΪΪģ
ӷ磬ĻˣҲסˡ㻹û˵ôҪǵɱħ𣿡
ӷһЦǲٶֵģǻԪʵӷ绹֪ھͶ֣Գӷǲġ
Ȼ˵ˣһƣԼҪǰǻԪļһǿһôĳ̶ȡ
ɲǰǻԪ磡ҵĵǶҵƣ͵ǶơҳӷҲͲʲôӢۣνĵǳԼҲԶ١
ӷ絥һ٣ȫѪ䣬ͲҪ´κģֻūˣȫ˹վ˳ӷ
ѽ磬ҵĵ̣ҵĵϣЩڴ˷ħ壬ǰǻԪ磬ҪӾҾƻӭԡ
ˣħҲˡ뿴ˣܷҳ
ӷ飬ʮֵգյı飬˵˶ģˣھŴ½սϣһʼڣӷˬˣԽʱ򷴿Ϊⳡû˿õս󣬾Ҷң壬򣬶ӷˣҲˣħĶڰ˵
ڸӷ԰ǻԪħʦ˵ҪҲǻ֮飬˭ܱ֤ӷ᲻ָʲôֶɱһСģ﷭˴˿ģǻԪ棬ᵼ³ӷӵʢ
ӷ磬Щƹɲһλ쵼߸ѽֻ̽һǵʵˡ
Ϊҵˣ𣿲ţʣҵһģ磬ˡ
ӷ绰䣬˵ַͬɡ
û˵ֻԵ̫ˣֱӽԷǿɸѽ
˵ܺáӣ첻ɱһͲ֪ʲôˣ졣
һİֱǰҪ֣ͻȻӷ綯ˣ

ӷӰֱӳ˰ðûļӦһתʱһɫĻð˳γһɫľ
һħʦ棬ӷ̫ϤˣϹҾһרңĻϹҵֻԵ̫ΪĻ棬ɫġ
͵Ϯҡ
˫һɱ̺࣬Ȼ
ǶлĹˡʵ˲ҵɡ
顭
ͷһ޴Ѫը˿ǵصֱѹ˰ϡ
û뵽ӷȻǿ˵ĵزԼָ߼ħʦ˵ǻԪҶҪԼļΪв£ħʦڳӷͷ·һϰС
ӡű䣬磬ϡ
ӷ󣬳һ󣬿ѾøˣһӴ磬磬ٵĸӷһҲ˵ǳӷ統С
һ䣬ɫĻ湥˹ȥǡ
ɫĻ˳ӷϣ˵Ǵǲ֮Уֻǡ˸գ
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ӷ̾˿Էһ֪ģ֪󻹹̫ˣ
Ȼʵķʽ֮Сѵǲű
໹û񷶦ڼӷôһ֣˵ҲǾˡ
Ȼ֮УҴ㣬Ҳˡ͵ܣʲô𣿡
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ӷ¶һɭЦݣһȭĴûȥеĳӷҲɵѽȻй̫ˣ
ž
ǡ
ӷ֣͸ռ䣬Ȼ˰ǰһȭһƣһƣֱӾͳϳ˹ȥ
һʮش˰ϣһ̣ĸħڣȫסˡ
ɣ֮ڣ˴򲻵ȻԴ򵽱ˣ
ǳӷħϵ֮ǰҲܵץֵģ˿ռǱڹռ䣬ʲôռ䣬Ϊӷã
ôˬˬΪǴӰǻԪģҾͲҳ㡣
ӷ粢û뿪Ϊӷ֪ԼһƳȥһᶯŭģҲǳӷĿģֻҪһŭǾһὫʵӷԽᣬúÿǰǻԪֶΣ֮ڣôĹгӷġ
Ǿͺú԰ǻԪļһɡ
Ȼ౻ӷһ⣬ˣȫŭֱ飬νǶӵˣ˫мҪðˣϵƣҲޱȵǿȫµ·ӸЬӣͷɫת䡣
һħʦֲµְҵһͷɫĳͷ·ɫĻ㣬գɫĻȼţߵޱȵĳȣ
ҪˣħʦǻԪħʦҪЩνħʦжǿ


2752 ħʿ
ǻԪ磬һħΪ磬׷ģϵħħҲǷΪֵܶģҲԸԲͬȥħԡͬǸħУҲǴżְֲͬҵģһħʦרŸҲһʮϡ٣ְҵǻԪ磬Ҳ˵ֽİǻԪ磬ħʦһֻʮӦ˵ǾŸΪλʦ뿪˰ǻԪ磻ڶ־ħʦħʦУַΪ֣һΪߵħʦڶ־ħҩʦҩΪߵģħʿħʿͬΪ֣һԹΪߵģڶԷΪߵġħʿħʦͬ͵ħ˵޵УѣǳһֵܣҲΪߵ·߲ͬ·ħʿսѣŶ֮ޣɱ֮ģ󶼻ߵһΪֻй϶ΪһħʿţĴڣսҲ·ߵħʦ֮ϣҲνŽɣ
ؼǳ۵ڰǻԪģؼ쵼ˣҲǳΨһյѧȴûһħʿȫħʦ·ߵħʦСֻû뵽۵Ե̳ѧڻᱻвΪԼΪУ
ֻ࣬͵ħʦ֮ǰĻ棬Ҳģ㣬ӷ絽ҲûпųӷһƳȥķŭѾ˼ޣЩ԰ǻԪĳǿ˵磬ʲôȫͬϰĴڣħһ밢ǻԪ磬أǱˣԣǻԪЩһʵǲҪɵġ
ʵʿڰ֮£ˣҲͬһ͵ħʦܻһֱһ𣬵ĳۣҲѧ
ڸͲκˣӲȥֹܰҪɱ˳ӷ磬ͬϰСӸ׵ǳ۵Ķӣκ˵ĶӣһѰƳѾڳԼˣڳؼǻԪ磬ϾĿǰλãľؼЩˣʹǻԪ磡
ӷģѾǵһˣǽǻԪ綼ˣûǻԪڣʶһ£ǻԪħɣ
УͻȻһ⣬֮ڣһСƿӣƿӲǺܴ󣬵ԿƿڣװһɫҺ壡
ڰཫСƿӴ򿪺ɫҺǷͰð˳һɫĭ漴ɫĭֻΪһɫĻ棬ֱӸڣ
ħҩʦħʦеҩʦҲ˵ĸȫħҩʦˣ
ӷ磬һҪɱ㡣
ܵƿҩ֮ȫԵޱȵĹ죬һɫƤ£Ҳɢ޴⣬ϵëϸףϸ΢ɫ棬Уһ֧ɫȨȳ֣ɣֺǷŭڸ߸߾ͷһΣηɿڰͷγһħɫ棬ڰϣϵĲ²ı䣬Ϊһɲս££ҲһֻޣֻޣٵĽϣڰͷϵħ󣬾Ȼһֻɫ棡
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ѵ
ħֽ޵ֶΣǴӰǻԪѧģħǻԪĽӴɾͷǳˣħʦҲǸģٲͬʱģǰ֣֮
ӷ벻ͨǻԪ磬ȥΪʲô֮ǰħüν綼û£аǻԪħʦӶɷϹţֵܵסѽ˵ħ֮ǰεĽǻԪ˶û֣Ϊʲôأֳɵı˲ҪǵȵԼֺܳǰǻԪ˾ôģûô
࣬ǵ񣬲ɱӷġ
ҹܲô࣬Ȼ³Ҷ⣬첻ɱԺĻذǻԪ硣
Ȱ˵һ䣬ֱӾͳӷȥ
֮ǰĽѵ㻹ҳò˵ǿɼεġֻʲô
ӷΪ֮һԼĲ磬ȻһʧӦ˵ǲ֪ʱɫ棬ȻյԼˣȼԼĲ硣ȻóĶƻҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ڣĳӷѾᵥǿ񷶦ˣȻɫȼҵĲ֮䣬ڣĴһսɡ
ӷʱ֮ͽջأˣҲɲ֮˾롣һ͵˰»㣬йھԽԶǣԽǿ
ɫ棬Ϊһ꣬ȫӷ繥˹
ӷ˿̻ûȫӳ԰ֿǿĹļӦʱͻȻ䣬ڳӷԱߵĲԶһˡ
ˣûõġħʦһԶְ̹ҵľԽԶԽ෴ֻҪ룬ǾͿԸһΪħʦ˵رҩʦħҩһʶʮģһַǳͼĲְҵ
ѳӷˣһɫףһֻϻͬɢǿħֻħ˵ͬӵʮǿķ
˭ӷ粻֪ȻԼΪˣǺԣǳ۵ˣ
ˣΪ㵲һһħʦֶΣڵʵ˵Ӧòµģ˽㣬ȴһ㶼˽⣬£ռ˿˵ġ
׻׵ˣֱӳ˳ӷǰվţʲôûйȫһ˵ϣ
һðͻȻֵ˸ס
֪ļһȻҵҵĹǡ
໰δ䣬Ѿɢȥǵֵ๥ˣȻһ¶ûУϵİ׻ףҲ˿
ʱˣ˫۾ӷ磬ĿǸˣ
ò˵ղŵĹӦǶеҪһԽӷģӷ綼ܱ֤ܷ񽫰ĹֵǰˣȻ壬ĹȫֵһҲûˣȷҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
˫۾ų⣬ħʿʿ
ôħʿ֮Уôܻᡭ
࿴ˣò˼飬֮ڣôܻħʿħǶڰǻԪѽ磬Уħ֮⣬ܴħѽ
ѵ
ѵǵʦġ
뵽ˣ磬һλ԰ǻԪʮħʦ֮ѽ


2753 ħԾ
гǻԪħʦڣħѾڰǻԪˣֻǰеħһֱţδֹֻһΣ۵ĽҲ˵һ֧ħϸˮˣ
һǧħʿһ빥͵ģһ͵ģħʿһ𣬾ǳһֱûóҲǳ۵һžԵƣÿһħʿʵ˲µģͻȻֵˣܽ󹥻ȫֵ
֮ǰԯѾ˵֧ǲύӷģ򲻵ѵĹؼʱҲԲ֣۵֧ȻűãҲ۶תۼǧħʿ֧Ϊ˶ԸǻԪ磬˵˫Ӵõģ
û˻֪۵֧ʵһôľ磡Ȼ۲Ὣ֧ӷ磬ɼȻ׼Ǿ֤˳۵δѣ󣬽԰ǻԪĲǳӷˣô۵֧Ҳ˵Ϊӷ籣һƣǲӷ磬ǲʱ̲ˣ
ħվڰ˵˫ۿŽĹȫֵˣüĴͻȻֳһֻЫӣһֻֻЫӽΪһģڰЫӣֻЫӣһ̣ħգ֮䣬ʧˣ
ħʿǳ۵ˣ
ħԶ˵ȴ仰ʮ
ڰǻԪ飬ħ̫ôҲûиֻ̫࣬һЩ޹ؽҪˣҪħʵҲὫ޵ķ֪
ħʿǰǻԪһְҵ񰢱ǻԪЩְҵҲû߹ħѽΪʲôħһ¾ܿħʿأ
ʱ˿̣ӿʼԼе뷨ˣӣ˫Ӵ۵ѡħûɵģħǲѽ½ûԼˣӷҲδɱضҲģЩֶΣʱչֳ
ȲħڳӷĿģֻΪ˸ǻԪʵȻðһħʿԼ׵ˣǳӷβڣħʦħʿأ
ȻҰֵˣӦòҪҶְɣҽǼһ
ӷ粻ûʵ˵ӷڵʵػ쵼ǲµģȻһӵͬһһ£ӷʵڶԷǣʵȣԵһ㶼˽⣬Ҳûõģ˴ʲôط֣ôʲô֪ôѽ
Цһһ׻ףǱνհ㣬ǵļʼű仯һӴ򿪣ڣһѰɫĸӣһɫĶƣǶϣӡһֻ׻
ǺáˣһԿ֮һսɡԷΪ࣬һħҩʦħҩʵҩʱƵģһҩʱһͱٴβҩܷӳղҲ˵ҪԸħҩʦ֣һǽսֽվǶħʦħҩʦЧģڶ־սӵҩĹЧľڸһַֻܶħҩʦˣ
ϻˣϽְɣǻҪȥҹء
ӷܲ⣬ҲԷģʵϣӷڵעʮּУõĻᣬһһʽӷ綼һ
Ǻáҽа׻ħʿ죬Ϊʾһħ֮ս
ʵӷ˽֮ҲħģǾڵħֻӷڶħһ֪Ͳ֪ôȥãӷҲһƲãǣԼˣ
׻һָӣһֶƣŰ࣬һħҩʦħʿ֮ս
ħʿ˵ǿ޷һͽɱڰ׻ķʮǿģܰĹжңֵܵסֻ֮ҪһооҲǱģ
ȻȻ׻ֻʾħ֮ĶսӦòֱӽϾ˫Ӵģ˶ɱˣ֪ǻԪǱߣ˫ӴۻЩʲô˹
ԼҪԸѾǳӷˣ治㲻Ҵ⣬ħҩʦħʿ֮ĶսǷǳ鷳ģһǹǿһҩޣҪͣĲ޷ڶʱڽħʿҪͣ룬ֱһʱսҪһʱܽ˵˫׼һʺϵĻᣬŻ֣ԲκεäĿ
ҪģȻǸ׻ˣ׻ħʿħʮҲ˵׻ǳ۽̳ģһ֣໥֮ضһ˽⣬⣬ᵼֱӵİ
Ӱͣȥٶʮ֮졣׻ҲĻᣬһĸȥһ͵ʦľһ仯ҲûУ
׻еĸһӣǰһºԼٶȣ࿿ǵºҲŰ׻ƶڰҪһ̣ºͻȻ˰ͷ
ৡ
׻еĸһᣬǵºֱӴӰͷȥ
˫һţһħ󣬳˽£ɫħڣһɾ޴ɫ棬׻һֵ
ǣºûбֱƽڰħֵͬʱ׻ĹºҲڰͷγһɫħħԣֻ¡һɫâɫײһʱһɾ޴ıըɱը鲼ھŴ½գ
ӱϿǰ׻ħıըʵϣⳡըΪ໥ײģǰĹϰ׻ķҲ˵ǰ˰׻ķһֲˣ
˵ǿˣڻ֮սħ治һı̬ѽҪ밢ǻԪǿħԾ³ӷڵԶԶҪߴۼУ
˿̵İ࣬ڱըһ̣ٵĽ׻ٶȻϰ࣬Ϊղŵıը׻ûϸȥھ֮󣬰࿪ʼЦʿҵľ֮Զע㵹ù
˵գһ⣬һɫСƿӳ֣֮ǰһٴһƿħҩΪղŵιһƿħҩˣ
ӷ翴Űһһ׻ķӦιҲ˵һƿħҩֻάĹˣ֮󣬾Ҫٴβħҩڰ׻ڰǿĹ֮£ٶȣҲԼˣ޷ֱӸϰٶȣʹİʱģ
ӷѾȷ׻ȼ㣬һģҪħҩһǷǿĹٶȾͻ
ӣǻԪħǿǿͬʱǵ㣬ҪֻҪһ֣ӷ֪ôԸЩһˣ
ȥƵ춼ֲ¡Ҳ˭˭ˡȻǵһνӴħļһڣҾһжһˣԸˣ


2754 һж
׻˵ʵҲӦڲ֮䣬Ҳ˵ӷ׻ʵӦҲ˶٣׻ǽеͷҲǳص̵밵಻ָµģһ˶ûС
ڣӷȴҪһ֮ͬʱս׻࣬ʲô׻ӷ𣬳ӷôҲҪѽĸħڣһʱ䶼ûӷﵽôġ
£ԽԽˣҲֻ˽ӷ֮ˣϹЩˣŻ֪ӷ̽ף̽ǻԪħҲǶʵһףֻҪܰҸֶ֮ΣʵȫףٶⰢǻԪػӷǲҪĵˣҲõħʱǻԪػôвˣػħ壬ԼΪУӷҲаӦǵģܽŴεĻᣬʹԼڽħʱи׼
ʵӷ첻ΪԼҲҪ˵ʲôħôʵڰǻԪģ
ڸղţ׻ֵʱȻҲֻгӷһһħ·ֻҪеӵģע⵽׻֮㣬ʦ͸˵ˣ
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ˣ㲻ڸҿЦİɣҿǵʨеĸͳѽοġ
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ȻеʱЩ飬ҪȴģûͶֱ֣Ӵȫ̵ļƻҲҲܳ۵ûмƻƻʲôƻֳﱸ˶ãֻ֮Ҫ˫ӴûԳ֣ۣҲԳֵģҲĽУһˣ
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ӷ粻ҪκεĻشΪ𰸣ڳӷˣ
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ңɱңҲ֤ûǻԪΪУӲʸǸν˫Ӵˣֱˣĸɴ࣬ĵʱ
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ӷ磬Ӯˣ㣬ǾԲΪֶԸģΪڵȻ˵ʵûʸ֣ӲʸػΪС
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2757 ½̫ӵ
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Ƽڳ˻ưư֮⣬ѾûˣӷſЩӴľˣˣһǹϲϲģӷѾȫ϶һǻư飡
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ԼҲûʱڵ߾ѽħ巽ʱ磬ԼϽȥ׼øħ壬ǸǻԪĴսڵˣ»ᵢսġ
֪ӦðѻѽлˣԼһòѽ
Ҳһɡ͵Ȼѻٰ꣬ȥǡߣ绰ʲôģ
ӷ̾˿ԼܳЩ˵ǰֻҪԼһ֣ǻүӸưȻʻѸƴţģʱӷĸ߿״Ԫ黭һ֪Ҳһưͣһ仰ҲӲϣ
ǸϽ߰ɣطĲȫһϳ߶߲ˣԼĸף⹫ţ̣еˣҲڻƼңԼ֪ǲܵģ
ڳӷתҪ뿪ʱͻȻһɫıܳԼٶȳӷ˹
ӷվԭأһҲûܳҲʱ򷢳һ޴ɲ֨һʱɲס˳ͣڳӷǰ룬һ׾Ҫˣ
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ϣһ׳һһƣܳ˵ҲҪɣڳѣӷǰͲ̫ھ͸Ӳˣ
һ֪ǹӸļһӷĸϻҪ뿪
վס𡣸ҵҵĳټľǣģûˡ
ѽһﻹͦŵģĶû˸ҵĳ˭ˣƴţţүô
ÿ
ӷ粻˷ʱ䣬ܾ뿪С
СӣǰɣȻ˵
˭ģ
ӷɫһ䣬û˸ԼαأǾǣҲ⾩Ĺ˭
ǰɡ
̫Ӹ磬̫Ӹ磬ʲô£
Ůͬʱ˹ǵӣȫǴӲͬģˣϸղŵ꣬һˣȫվ˳ӷǰ
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ʲô̫ӣ⾩ǲֻһ̫Ǹ̫Ӻǽгӷİɣ
ӷ㶣ôû⾩ʲôʱôͷˣȻûһʶԼģЩʲôɫѽ
̫Ӹ磬ǲСӵˡСܰѵѵ
ѽСһֵ˿Ȼ̫Ӹǰ֪үмֻ𣡡
ʲôӷ˶ΪЩǵĹӸе˵Ȼƴţģ
ЩȫǾ½үСѽ֪ǰЩܵȥˣȻôһСӳ̫ӣ
ʲô̫ӣʵ۵ĳӲŽ̫ӣѵĵһ׳ˣɾ㻻ˣҲӦϵһɵ˼ѽ˵ˣһ׳λӣ껻һεģÿһһ׳ģԽżʱѽܾͻģ
̫ӵھˣЩһðģҲûȥΪʸģںĴ½
Сӣ㲻̫ӸµǸͱ뿪
ЩһʵţҲʲôطȻҽб˸ǹ£ǽгӷǹ£ǲ֪


2758 Ϧ̫־ǣ1
Щ߸ӵ˵ϲʲôɾû֪ǣȥˣԴ֤ԼȨƣԼȨơ
ĳ棬ò˵ӷʵǼˣǰӷɴûȥκ˵鷳ʱĳӷһܵ͵ˣţҲ˵̫ߵٳӷûжЩ½̫ӵ󺰣ǵǰӵ׻벻Уȥˣǵļ壬׻벻ڻĻȥ֮Ļɣ
ǰЩ½̫ӵӷ˻ƴţǰĻƴţһû֪ǵġأʱҲѾͬ˰ɣӷЩҲѾˣҲˣƴţΪ磬սоҲ׳ˣӢۣ֣ܱ֪ͨͨˣ˭أ
ӷ粻Щ½̫ӵȥҲûҪСɫ˷飬תҪˡ
Щ½̫ӵͲóӷߣˣͬʱӷΧΧ˼ߵһĻû˸ҹܵģƵУӣЩ½̫ӵھǣĵСѽ
Ҫ֪ǻưĻ񣬻ưʲôˣĵĶ󽫣ȨƸ˵ˣܲμⳡˣȻҲǵ֮Щ˼ӷߵһĻһ˸£Ҳ˵Щ½̫ӵӣУ붼λȨصĽɫ
Сӣ㲻̫Ӹ¿ͷĻͱߡ
ӷʵΣɵĿЦ̫ӣǿ֪ʲô̫ӣȰóһ·ҪʱʲôԼڵ飬ǸʱùĿɲǼǵļˣҲᱻ۵ġ
ӷ⻰ɲںˣȻӷ籾ǸƣϣӷбҪȥƼСɫ𡣲˵Լң˵ңǳӷԼͨѾܵˣοһưأ
Сӣǲѽ֪֪̫Ӹݣ
ݣһ治֪ǲҪȸأ
Сеʶȸ̫ӸٹǰɡãҾͳȫ㡣СӸˣ̫ӸүүϽģ̫ӸĸףҲǸƴ󽫾ġ̫ӸĴ󲮾͸˲ˣǿǸһ׳ġ
ʲô
ӷеܨСӸղ˵ʲô
үģ
ӷ˵
ľǶʲôˣ˵˵ã̫үˣе̫Ǹ˰ɣһүӵһưŵǣһһ׳ľһ׳˭˭֪ѽ
ͦţġûʱǷϻ£ˡŶˣһ£Ľ飬ھ𣿡
ȻЩǾ½̫ӵĽ鶼֪ǾͿȥˡ
үģȻҳƺĿеŮ񡣸缸Ū

ʲô
ղû֣Ҿ˵һĽ飬ǾҪŪҡ
ž
ν̫ӣһӷգ֮䣬Ѿ˵ϣûӷôֵġ
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ҡ
ž
ֵһ
ѽҵ֣
һıˣһֱˣǻûӷôֵġ
ӷҡҡͷУ̫ӵأѻƴţһڳǸɣ
ӷ̾˿ҲЩһֱˣٴȥˣߵĶϾͻ֪ô˵ǻưĶ
ˣϺ˹
ʱӷ綼ѾûӰˣƼұڣ˼ˣЩ½̫ӵ˴ú֡
˭ôĹӶҴ򡣻ڻƽĻ涯֡
ˣҽԺɡߵ飬ɱ𾪶ˣλүӿɶأһһϷˡ˵λϷǸƢ˼ǲˣĶҪŵù
ܿ죬Ȼ˴ˣڻƼұڣҲҪʼˣмˣȴԵĺǷŭϵϲǵķŭɨˣȴ﷢쭣
֣Сɽ˴ҽԺұϹȥһ˲С
šϹȥȻе֣Ѷӵļһҳ󱪵ӶҶˡ
һ߸һ˵ĶԻԱһŮˣŮ߹˵λǻĻ񣬲ʲô£Ǳ˵
̿ˮǹƴСģǾԲġ
ƴС㣬Ǿˣүүһһ׳Ѿϵˣ˭Ҳѽ
ڽ֮Уλүȫϯ֮λԽϷЦһ
ţ˵ӷʲôʱѽ
죬ÿҪʮΡ̫ģڣӦòµġ
ۣ
ѽ۵ԸӦúΪ㣬ôĶǽͬΪӷ磬Ϊ˱ƵġֻǱϾҲСˣ²ǰĳ嶯
Խ̾˿ľܲãɫҲЩĲ԰ףΪһ쵼ˣΪ˹ңΪ˹Ϊͥģλһ쵼λӣλĸףλ̣ʵڲѽɷ򣬻ǶӣŮһҪĵģ
׳е绰
һֱԽ죬ûеطȥʲôίǻʡί֮ģԼ˼
Խӹݹĵ绰һ绰ͷĽˣ͵һվ
˵ʲô˵һ顣
ԽһٶȫҲֹͣȴû˸˵ʲôġ
֧ԣȫ˴ҽԺ
Խ⻰һΣɲˣ
ӣֱӴ绰ԽģʲôӣɣϺľˡ
ϺľӣȫǱѽǸλ׳ȫģڣӵˣҽԺˣ˵ʲô˵λ׳Ѿʧȥ˱ԲС£˵пܻһζԹ쵼Ŀֲж
ưΪǣϾҲǻĵһλ󽫾飬òϲȡʩ
ˡ
һʿСܴưߣһʵ׳ָʾ
ʱֹͣϴӾ֧λүӸ׳İȫ
ǣ׳
ˡ
Ƽ֮⣬һȳ˽󣬸һ֧ȫװľӡ
磬ôڲưʵӢۡ
ѾӵϢˣϴ˹ˡˣλүӸ׳뿪ˣҲȫ뿪ĿǰȫǾˣִ񣬻ǳڵģȫǵгڣվȫֻܽܳ
Խ˵磬ûôذɡǻưĴϲӣǡ
׳صĶࡣΪưľԱľԱȫץˡ
ʲôץˣ
ץԽưľԱⲻڸԽ컹лưƵ飬ִˣ


2759 Ϧ̫־ǣ2
ڹҵҪ쵼ˣӢۣưģȻ֪µľƣûͨǰ򵥣ʲô鶼пܷϴһõӣԣֻҪһ㲻ϳ飬ԹɵЩ˼ȥ
Ӣ۾ϴεٴηŻֱӴžӹģӣҲѾȫϣȫͬĵϻؾǣһЩǿˣ㾡ȫ֮ҲҪǸֵ
죬ȲҪ嶯Ҳ鲢ǰ㸴ӡ
ЦԽ죬ϱɶһĽɫңЦڹš
ţҷڻж
һҰɡҪȫǲܵģΪ涼Ҫǿ󷨣һ󷨳⣬ǿɱڵҪصĶࡣ
Խ˵ͷ˵ȷھôˣҶ˹鷳ܿģֻˡ
Ц̾˿˵ӣǵˣӵЩ˻ġɣһͬǰȥ
ţ̫Σˣȥ
ģʲôû˵ˣǵ˵ĻǵϢǸоġȻѾǸͨˣǿߵϢܸоġ
˵׼ңǾһȥɡϷҲ뿴ôνĵˣǿһôĵزĴ˹ȥȻڻûڣưȥοһ»ӣ֮¾ٰһҲͲڼˣϷֱӵ̨ȥ
˿̣ưһ츾վ˵үӣûϵġȥ°ɡ
ˣǻư»ӣͬʱҲǻưսѣʮӣУΡ
ܺãǻĵľˡȻ͸һͬǰȥǻĵľûġȥľװ֮һˣһλˡ
ǣϾȥװ
ưү˵ڳˣģȫصԵĸλϣùӾģȫٶȥװϣ첻ôǴһ
ưԵ䣬ͬһ֧㷢ʱ֮䣬ƼұˣȫԱ
λսѣû뵽ѽǾȻսĻᡣ
Ǽ׼ûУʵ
׼ˡԣ㿴Σ˭ָӣ
ҿýɡ
С˵Ҫ֧սǻĵȨԲյġҿӢָӰɣί׳ҲϢ̫ˣٲĥĥǰֶ־һĹ⡣
Ӣ۸Խ쵱һίλãһ׳ܵģΪľǽһеȨƿһ׳СΪӢ۵⣬ʧôãһ׳λҲԽˣضӢ۵ġ
ڣӢ۵Ҳˣһ׳λӿҲֲϵһϵĵڶиûһܽԽģ˵ǵڴⷽ϶ĲλԣϵһֻܽеȫڵϣУȫǳ͵Ȼǳӷ磬ֻǰĳӷһӾ˻磬ȻܳΪصˣӷһ𣬸㵽ڣϵУֻھˣһĽ飬һȣŮˣ֪ʲôѾҿƼоȥˣĽ飬Խնļ̳ˣҲȻȻΪϵصĿ꣬ССͣѾ빤ǻһһ׳ˣֻҪʲô⣡
˿̣е˶ѾھǾۼӢͳһָսСʱ֮ӵҲ¸ϻ˾ǣͬʱЦҲ´һҵûȴϹˣڵĶﾭϴγӷϴƣѾһڰˣںܶ෽¡
ţҲڳ£һõʸȫֹ֧ҵⳡս֣ȫҲ֪£ڲκʱ֮£ڹעŻķľٶ
ʲôˣڻļλͷ쵼˵ͷ϶治ģ
ͬʱҲڲ룬ǲĸҪĵעأǾɵˣҲĻǸʲôƣţ棬ڲϣȫ綥ѽ
ʱ֮䣬ƻᣬޱȣһ֮ڣĶûзĴ£˵ֻΪһСģڻĸ߲㿴С£ʱǼλүӣε쵼ˣ˭Ҵģ
ţͬһʱۼǣλŵζ³ԸϹˡ﷽棬پȥ˺֮ɽͳ죬Ҳ˵ңӷڵڶŮ쵼ҲǷȫ磬ûܵеĹǿŮ֮һǿƵŮĽ飬ȣФ
һʮֺڰĵطûл֮£ֲָģطȴһ¹¹䲻ǺĴ½ĵ³ǣڵ˵Ҳһ漣Ĵˣ
ڵżţ˵һżɣڳӷ統ڣɱ˹֮ھͷˣҷҲҪôһ¹ԣӷѡڣҲûǮûطûססһȻƼǱߵ鴦֮ٸ֪ƴţ顣
ɳӷôҲ벻Լڵڣͱһ֧Ӹ½סˣ߶ʮһֱӾͶ֡ӷ֮»ôأֻǻˣϽһ֧ȫſ£ҲΪڵ鷳ӻغĵʱ䣬ӷֱӾץˣǻȥȱģɳӷû뵽ԼץˣǶȫۼǣ
ѽһķ̣ӷͽѵһЩ֪ļһҲûɱǣץ˴װ鴦֮ͷˣϾǻưԽľԱӷܲܶɱֵİɣ
û뵽ڳӷļˣ£һеһУȫǵԼƲʮӵʱ䣬͸ҵˣ


2760 Ϧ̫־ǣ3
ӷֻڵһСеȼǰסĵطӷ绹ǵԼһΣҲֻǶϸ΢ӡҵģ
߳ȫһ͵ĽȴѾһƬ棬ӷ룬֪һٶĵ磬磬᲻Ҳأ
ħаǻԪһսҪʲôʱʤǸӷ綼ܱ֤ϾǰǻԪǿʵ̫ˣѾؼֽ񣬾ֻ˶Ըˣһǳۣһǳӷˡǣ۸ûҪ֣֮밢ǻԪԿģֻгӷһˣһǻԪ磬ǿ𣿳Ƕͳ۷壬ǿԳԽ۷ǿߣ
ʵڳӷջصʱ򣬾һ²񷶦پ˼ʹֻ࣬پɵħʵ̫ǿϳӷ紫ǵħ֮ҲôͱգյĿ죬ӷҲֺüŽħ֮پˣһԣ޷ȫգᵼǵܵ෽в
γӷص磬ҪƴţѶ߻Ƽ֮⣬һĿģǾǣڵ磬پ˳磬ǰ˸Ѿ۷ˣҲ˵һǰ˶Խӷپ˳ķɲԭҪħȥǡ
پ˶Ѿõ㹻ǿħ飬Ȼˣֺαؽôǿħ˷ѵˣħ飬ħĽᾧ壬ôǿħΪ̳УӷٴȵСȵħپ˳ˣ
Σħ񷶦ڵħ飬ûиӷκεв෴˳ӷһѣӷͰ˸ǿߣֻҪ֮֮ļ𣬳ӷ绹취
ϣӷ籾뾲İپ˵ģɲϣӷץһȴʮֵĲڵ󺰵ǣϷǣǵһ³ǱǹС
ǹУôеĴѽõħ壬ǰǻԪսϣǾͲôӴսˣ
ǣǿ
ӣȵһ£
ӷ罫Ŵ򿪣űԼԱʵǶǾˣھѻ֣Ӧòİɣ
ѻ֣
ʲô˼ӷʳһôֵ⣬Աе㷢㶣ѲɣСҪѻ˭˵ԼΪ˶ӣΪֶץӷģڱӷץˣԼ˴ڵλøڶ֪СӾһͨ
㵽ʲôˣ˭ģɱ˭
ԱϴһԽľԱƽԽǰǳʵһʮҳļһ°ֶ֮Щʲô£ԽɾͲ֪ˣһ˽Ҳ֮ǰǸν̫ӵĸףǻưľԱΪ쵼ˣĹϵǲھǣڵطϣʮֳԵĿܶԱҪǵƨͨǣ׳Ϲϵöֵ֮ܣǵڣͳΪ˵͵̰۷ˣ
̰ۣҲܣɱǵҵͷȻˣͱ뿪ɱǣҲܸø۰ɡ
˭ǲ֪Ҳûʸֻ֪ǣѻ֣Ҫ߱Щ
ѣƴţϷ壬κһˣϻش⡣ڣǶ֪ӷóʬȥϷˣһս֮ϷǰˣӷҪ֮ڸϻȥС
ڣ磬ûʲô鷳£پҪʱ䣬Ӧ㹻˰ɡ
ڣӷ뵽һ£ǾǾѻ
ӲǷԭը𣬼ȻܷԭըӵȻǲģĲȥЩѻǹǿǸ㰵ɱѽպҪȥɱˣҪģϢ֮䣬ܰɵ
Сӣ÷Ŵһ㣬Ϸǣĺѿġǿɶһľˡ
֪˭һ׳ƽľԱ԰ɣǵǲҪģҲֻǸһѵǣݣ˵ȥѹˣȴҪһɲУǵġȴǣǼҵңҴ֮ʵڲ֪ǴϺľԱң£׳֪֪
ȷ׳治֪ԼҲûȨɼȻ鶼Ѿˣֵܻôأֻϣӷ粻ҪԼ˸ϿҵԼźã
СӣٸһסϷǣ򡭡
һĺܲǰɣҾ͵ſôҷҲһڵǰɣʵǣҲǣ˭ҲȲǣǳȫľӣҲȲǡ
ÿСӣ֪ҸҴݡ
ٸ˵ݣյ׳ԱļһҶҶǣǵ³ҲԱҪҡǲõģֻҪشҵ⣬һǿԱһģ⾯ԱĹǲٸȥˣڵҵһ̣Ѿעǵδ̫ã


2761 Ϧ̫־4
ӢѾž֮⣬ҲǱ˵ЩԱ˵ġԽ죬ȻϺʱƿش֣һʲôͻʱ䣬ҲܼʱĲȡʩ
ڼλүӣûţҲȫ֮⣬ŵˣҲȫ˹ʱ֮䣬ڵķΧȫӸΧ
ʱû˸⣬ԷһʲôͨҶھǻʮֵϤܻ֪ڵڣ⼸뷽棬ûжκεĸĽ뷨ҲûȻˣһˣǲ֪ڵ֮ģ
磬˵˻᲻ڵѽ
ܣҲڰǰſϵģطأһˣǾҲġǱӷڵӷ粻ڣĿӦþҪ
Ӣ۵һ䣬ͻȻ뵽һ£̶Իư˵ϴӻȥ׳
ǵģҪծĸҲͬ
û׳Ǳڵľ̫٣ڵǾͲͨˣͨˣҲ
ư˵ͷҪ˵ͻء
顣
Χĳһǹʹȫ䱸
׼ֱӳڣܶԷжˣҪġ
ǹӢж˿ĵ
ưʱҲѾϺȥˣԽǱ߸û̫սνĵͬǽҪùˣ
һ֧֧ľӣڵŰΧװľˣڴװըΪڵʮּ̣ըǸ򲻿ģҲ֪ڵķ
ͬʱ֮ڣӷһѹģĶѻǹȴǰģð̣
治ôѾԲеòƳһѾѻǹԭʹõĻ޷ﵽЧġӣԭûõģҪԭӵУ
ӷҪԭΪѻɱˣӷֱӽԭƺõһѻǹڣǹϵˣ
ûԭӵͲܴﵽӷҪЧҲֻܰˣǼһ˻ԣΣģ֮⣬û뵽ô
ҵֵܣΪղŵıըţǹΪĸ룬棬ǾԵıըˣ
һ˫۴Ŀųӷ磬ţǴδйľţǰĿֲֹû˿η壬˵Ǳ֮ҲܳΪԽưľԱ
ڣղһĻһɾ޴ıըڳӷϱȻһʹûУԼֵܶˣըֱײǽϣûȥ
Ӣѽ
󼸺ǿ˳Լ쵽ǵһô̬ԼǲըһôûУӵ͸˵ˣǹ˼ңⲻʯͷԼĽ𣬱ʱ˼Ҹǹˣ
ӷڸûȥֵܣΪڵĳڴͬһ޴ıը
顭һڵڱը˿ֵʱ򶼲֪˷ܻҪˣЩһô粻ƫƫԼֵܼʶ˳ӷĿ¸̬ⲻҪԼֵܶ˸Ʒ

ĺеԼֵܶ˵˻Σգ³ӷһŭ֮£Լֵܸɱ
ӷҡҡͷľԱԼȷǵ̰˷Լĸߣ淢ʲô飬Щˣһѽ
ôûˣҲʶһǻľӵսûʲôģӦöǾӢеľӢɣһثֱ֣Ӵʹ죬⵽ʱ˺˻ľӵ
ϴӷȻҪϴҲ̫˵ɣѽǸɾپ˳ȻȥϷǰɣ
ʵӷ֮ҲδѵģϾĿǰû˿Կ϶ħ壬ǻԪ֮ʲôȻ͵ϮǾͿܻеڶε͵ϮֻҪʱħóӷû취Ҳ⣬óӷĵģ
ӷϴλ˶λӣ⻪ĵľӣҲһˣȻЩٲˣǾɡңǾǾĻ̫٣ӷҪģߴȫۼǣúõĸ棬ҲⳡͬϰսУЩǱľһʵ˵ּܷأ
پǰ˸ɡ
ӷüĴһ⣬գ֮䣬ͼپȫˣÿһ˵ɫҲ࣬Ϊħ黹ܱȫյʹ໹ǻеģ˰㣡
ֵܼ˸ƾճ֣ȫɵۣеѽ
ղӢۣ֣ţѽ˵׽
ʲôСǵĹ֪֪ۡ˭
ױͺʹ࣬һУ˵Լ֣ŭһֱӳȥֵܲ˽£
֣ǣǶǴѽ
үˣ磬Ƕס
ʲô
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ǣǡǾͺְɣӲˡԣĽݣԼŮԼӻؼȥ
үֱˣүӣүӣүӵȼλҲһһˣ˭Ҳˣ
ϿλߵүǱߵģʵһߣҲͬĽ鼸˵Ҳֹˣؼȥ
̾˿˵ĽݣҸطȼȥ
߰ɡѾûǼϹͷ˵ķˣ
ǼϷˣ£˼УҪΪҸǧܳκεĲΪӽ쿪ʼǼϹͷʽȨӽ󣬽ֻͨϰգȥκˣԺ⣬ҲԼҪǣΪ·Լѡġ
Ľ˵ллүүǷģһʧġ
ĽүҲˣڣ֧ӣȫĽͳ죬Ҳ˵ڿʼĽһ׳ˣֻһʽѣ
һСܵĽǰһʵ׳ָʾ
ˣ
壬ѹܴġ
飬ȻڴɩүǶûˣһ׳ôɡ
Ǻã֮ǰҸָʾʲô
ȫߴоӢȫϸǡ
У᲻ֵĴ˵㣿
ѽȻҪһ׳о԰յ֮£⶯ȻԽԽˡ
˵㣬ǱѾϵˣϵλͬһʱ䣬ȫÿһңָܿӡ
˵ǱҲ׼ˣû˸ҵҡ
˵ҲѾ֪ͨҵͬ£ϵ˸еվ㣬ֱͬ
Ф˵Ҳ˷ȫеĴѧ֧λʱһ쵼ˡ
֮ڣپеԥĽУӷǾۼһħ֮پģ
ɣɵŸ
ţƿپ˵飬ǻҪ𣿡
ȻΪʲôѵһˣܰľͶһɣҲǹҵľ
ǡˡ
ʲô⣿ɲҪңǰ˸ڵʵȻϵⶼˡ
е鷳ڵĶֻˡ
ˣ
ǵģҸղ˵ĽݴСҪһ׳ˡ
ӷվ˵һ׳費ǻλʱʲôһ׳
鷳ѽĽݴСһ׳Ǽλġ
ô

پЩ˵ĶԻӷ˵һ飬ӷ֮˶е㶣
Ůһ̨ϷѽҶǵһ㶼¡ӣ飬ִУȻλӣȡ
ǲҪˣ
˵ˣҪִ󣬶Ҳڻ֣Ҫֵȫÿһȥһ׳ǴҪģҪ̲Ĺңô򵥣ԸֲͬķǴܣ֮ū˭ȥѽʱ᲼ȫ򣬵ǸʱǶڣǼ͵Űɣ
˵ʵĽݴСڵҰǲеˣϾǲǣûһǿߣһҪɱǣҲֵסġ
ҲҪִֵȥֻЩҵ˲Ų
ô֣
ӷ赭д׵Ӣȼҵ׶ȥżըɡסǣֻǷżըɧҶѣȻ󾭹ЩҵòҪֻߵ飬˭Ҳ֣Ͷ˭֡
پеͿʵҲ̫סĽݴСʲôô
ѽҵˣǸ㶨ˣĹңҲͱ֤ǵȫ
˼ǣΣҪĽݴСǣ
Ҫ䣬ҿӮ𣡡


2766 ӳ
賿ʱȫߴеľӢȫˣЩˣȫǱͨÿһӵžԵʵ֮ͨУһܷŵʲôطǶǶĴڣ
Ͼ
ĽȫľӢ˿̣Ѿûʣ෴ǳޱȣϾʱҲޣ
׳ͬ־ϾӦˣʵˡ׳ָʾ
Ľ˵ͷֺݾ
׳ͬ־ݾӦˣʵˣ׳ָʾ
ɶ
׳ͬ־ɶ

Ľһĵһȫǰ㱨
ߴǾڣÿһٱЩ˷һ齨һ֧Ӵȷ沿ˣܸĸҿսǶǾԵװ
ɽ죬⼸ȴͬһʱӵίٶȸϵǽĳһⲻϰһս
ʣôսھչǵйĻǴ¼ѽ˶򵽻ĵ׶ˣ⻹
ЩˣǴӸѡģÿһǱƽѵҲʿҪһٱΪģҪʱ򣬽ǵʵչֳǧһãһ֮ϦûõλĻǽʲôŸλͬ־ӦúҾͲö˵ˣ
еıȫֱ壬ȫװҲĿǰΪȽģģ
֤񡣡
бͬ
Ľ˫ϵ۾еıɨһȫ˵ǵĵˣǵ档Ǹղŵ̫Сˣ
֤񡣡
бٺ޴ͬʱļߣҲѾȫλˣ
ǰǵ񣬶ǲΪ֪ģǹˣҲ֪ǵĴڣΨһܸǵģֻһʿĹˣɽ첻ͬȫļߣý嶼Ѿˣǵı֣չ˵ǰȫֱͬ顣Ȼ˵İţҪԣֻҪȫˣǻĵľӣ˵ǿȻ˵Ǹλչȫǰǵòǲܱ¶ģΪĳЩرǱҪԼݣԣڻûֱ֮ǰÿһͬ־֡
ǣ׳ͬ־
ĽĻͦλģҪûΪǿľչ˵ǰͬʱֲκϳЩպӰ죡
Ҫ棬ģ˵ȻĽҪһ׳λӣھӦý˻ᣬʵһ쵼˵ܶ෽һģҪľԽ쵼ˣ˵Խ󣬵ȻǺõɲǳѽ
ڣ´һ֮ǰǻһ֧µ֮û˸סˡҪһ֧飬ȥǾȳȻڵ˵һ㶼˽⣬Ӳ֪˵ԣȥ֮󣬲Ҫǵ˾ȳȫľȳͬʱҲҪ˵ĵϸ
׳ͬ־ϾԸ񡣡
Ͼıվ
ĽϾǲģӦڽʡι쵼ӣϾĹϵҲһΣûÿһ׳ҲûֻǱѣ
˲ͨˣñȥ˼̽Ļ»֮ǰ֧һȥ޻صģ
Ľ鲻ܱգκεĴڿǵȫֱѽλүӣԽ죬ȫ쵼˸ҲڿأһĽҲûȥˣ;ֹ
֪ÿһÿһսʿǺġԵĵ̫죬ұҪаٷ֮ٵİգκһսʿȥðյġԣϾлصӣԴˣȥǵˣ̽˵ĵϸ
ѾӵܶӳˣȥˣΣյĳ̶ȣͻģ
ǣ׳ͬ־ӵһӸڶӵĳԱС
ӣ֧ڻĵľУһ˵ÿһԱҲǱ֮еıӲͨˣ
ڸıӵվﻹʮֵĽĽѽЩ˵еߣߣߣȫˣ
֧飬һʮˣ֮ǰڵһģѾվڵڴ
һСģΣվг취
׳ͬ־ģ֤񡣡
ӵѾȥˣ֮ڣӷʵپһʲôˣ
ǵϢӦӡ
ӣ⻹ˡСѸĶ飬ʵԲġ
Ǹʲô
ʲôһ˵ģȥȡҪԼ¶ˣ¶ĻǾûˡ
ǣȥЩʿĿƽ
ţ׳ûУ
Ѿˡ
ܺáֻӰ˾ȳȥ֮󣬾̽ǼըֱӸǣըڻľǵĿֲӸɵģǲ鷳ĻʵţʲôҲըͻ᲻ǸĲͬطըʱˣǿɲܡ⣬׷Ҳȥһˣڸͷ쵼˰칫ڣһذףԣʲôСҪǵͷ
ǣˣͽ׷ȥһˡ
ʱѾ֧µڣΧȴһƬڣʲô
ˣ˭κηĶϵ֮ġ
Ҳ̫ˣһⶼûУȥľѽ
ôˣһƽﶼʲô֪ϢȥôˣҲôѣʲôطĺ࣬Ȼҹȥˡ
ǣûио֮⣬طûѽ
һ£ȷԼղŻûע⣬ڱһѣ֮ڣԼЩ֮⣬͸оκεĺ
̵ģôһûУѵѾˣѽڸûĳ·һֱ棬Ӳ˵ġˣǵҲܡѵɱˣ
һʮˣ˱ųȥǸʿ֮⣬ʮŸʿȫɱˣɾǲݵĴˣǸľӵĴ
ңôһҪȰǵҳ
ৡ
һͻȻһ⣬˵
Сġ

Ȼһǵ⣬ڶγ˹
ǹ
䣬ȻֻǹˣԸߵǱ˵ӣ۷Ի磡
ߣҲǰҳ
һһɾ
һΧ˻⣬һĻѣȫǽϣ
ãǱˣˣ׼ˣ
ˣ
⻰ճڻ£˵ӰҲû
ûѽղŹˣˣ
쵰ˣӣӴסˣһǹѾģ


2767 ðľأ
֮⣬ĽߴıгŮ޿κεĵȴţֵȴκʱĵǣѾȥһСʱˣɵһϢûУҲϵǣ͸֮ǰһеͨѶѶȫжˣ
㣬ǹҲǸѽҿŵȥӦһ°ɡ£ŵҲܸǴصһϢ
ĽûŵڣΪĿǰʵǿľŵЩˣҪ󣬸˾սʱãǰˣһ˵˵Ȧףǵʱ˭ȥ˴һ
ڣһϢûУĽ޷ٵȴȥˣοҪһ׳֮ǰĹҲһʮּ޵ֻɹʧˣ;ģҲ͵˽ˣ
ĲþȥƴģƴӮˣͽӮһУƴˣǽʧȥһУبĶɣ
Уŵʱȥһʲô£ǵ󣬻˭ܸġ³ҷ˲ܶҲֻŵΪǿˣǿ߶ʧȥսǾֻаķݣ
ڸô죿
֪֪ˣܰսʤΪҪģȰѵ˵ĵϸҪ鷳ǣŸȫȡϣһҪ˵ͷ
˵ͷոһóֻҪȥ˵ĵϸʱ˵ֻȻͬһʱ𣬽ţĽֻҲ
Ůͬʱ˵绰绰ɫʱһ䣬ʮѿһĴ¼㣡
㣬ǲǷʲô£ʵ
ţǱ߸صĴ¡Ӣ¹˹ȼҵ׶ȫ˷ը˲Сͬʱڸ쵼˵İ칫ңһذףԣǻߵ飬޹أ˭Ҳǻߵ飬ǾͻĿֲըÿһңÿһУС
Ľôһ˵ȸФе˼飬Ȼᷢ飬Ǿ¼ѽĴ¼۵磬ͲӵŶѽڸҵ׶ը쵼İ칫Ҳذףһͬһʱ䷢ģǿɲͽʵˣҪӵǿУ
ǲҪȥˣһЩġңڵĵҲǻһĵˣˣսеĹңνֶͨѽ
ӣǺ޲֮£ǵΧһǿĵˣһ󲻵ĵˣȻЩһ㾯ԶûСȫƤˣ룬ԸҪɱκһ˵Ļ׼ûУѾˡ
Ľ˵˵ûĵˣǾȻһ㶼û
˵벻ӵֶͨεģҴ֮⣬˭أ
˵᲻ľأ
ܣľҲںǱߣܻġ
Ҳһľӷԣ˵ںǱ߶ӷ磬ͻˡĻ㣬Ƕġô죿
Ľ˿ֻǿŵǣŵ߹˵ľػˣЩˣҲĶ֣ΨһܶԸİ취ֻӷˣ
Ͳܣǲϵ˺Ǳߡ
û취ҲֻƴһˡҸȥǲľء
ţӣûбѡˡŵȣҪǧСģҵǵ֮˶٣ľصĻҪȥӲ
֪ǲɵȥġ
ҵǵĴ£ȫۼڵڴŵ죬ȫڣҪͨĵˣǲľأ
ڣ˭벻νĵˣȻǳӷ籾ˣ
֮Żһ·ǰΪѾû·ˣǽһԻ㣬Ҫǰ߳һ·ʧˣ
ǲײˣҲ̫а˵ɣ·ȻͻȻʧˣ
˵ʲôٸҶҡģҪС
ʱ򣬻̸ʲôҡģеľĶûɢˣӽ֪ϵģɲһ˵Щ˵еԸأ
ǰˡ
˳ˡˣ׼ս
ǰ棬һͥԺͥԺǿ㣬֮ڣͲ˿ͥԺŶѽ
ǰڣڲô󡣿ӣӦǽ֮ˡ
߳ǰߣСģ󷨣ɲأ
ͥԺУһˣһĺۣϴһߣվͥԺм䣬ڵ˵Ƶģ
ˡ
ʮˣһ㶼æԵʮֵɣ
㵽ʲôˣǣкĿģ
ֳֵָָźʵ
˭Ҫ𣿡
ܵǻ׶鷳Ҷ׳ľԱһҰǵսʿǶǻĳơ֪㣬ǣʲô𣿡
ʲôȻǸˣͲֹͣܽǴܡ
ǣ֮⣬Ҳ˵һŻˣ
˵ɡ
ȻǻģΪʲôҪߣ
Թصߣ𣡡
ǾȽժ㵽Ǻηʥ
ֱֳֵָӲų˹ȥ
ৡ
ֵһӣ֮Уϡļ˵Ļ𻯣ˣȴֻһֻ֣ͽĽȫһǿĳ֮䣬ֱӾͱصԭأڵѪҺʼȴûѪҺѪ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ飿ʵҪɱң֮顣
ǸԴˣôľôģ˵ʵԼ֮ϣȫͿԽԼɱȴû
ֻ뿴ʵôѡ
Ӧò˰ɡһǿ˵ʲô£ɱ˷Żھû£ͲҪߵģΪˣǲй¶κεܡǵ֮ǰѾߣղֶ飬˵㲻ɱңֲҿĿԲŻǰߡ˵Ҹ㣬ʶģ㣬ʲôˣ
΢΢һ䣬û뵽ķ֮ǿ˵ģҲԷ߼Լȴ֪Լ˭
ǸˣˣӦ顣ϻͲö˵ˣȻ֪ҵĶ֣˾͸ӲҵĶˡڸ·ѡһձ࣬ΪǵսʿڶԶȥ
ҺҲûԱţӲľӣÿһ˵϶Ǳܵģȴֱӽ֮ǲ죬ǰҲһһԿ϶ӦİɣȴҲǵĳˣֻծĸĿΪһ׳
ô˵ô˵ɣ֮·ˣҪôѡԼ¡
ٴЦһ˵ɽ飬ľأԲˣ
˿Цһ˵ĶһǱڹģȻˣǾͽƾͼưɣ˵ľأǾľˣ
ȻѾµˣҲͲˣûҾľصˣľؾȰǱ𷴿ֻ·һ


2768 ȫ׼
һжѾˡңҵľأҸɴͳˡ
پһۣһߣԣղŸŵˣ
ľںģܹҵġͳʱܸô󶯾ģ뵽ҲǺ顣
ǽǸô
ȸһᣬҳ󷨵©С͵ֻҪһָӦòġ֮ӽȫȳȥٽţǵǳʱˡ
ãȥ졣
סȫҴߣκϳ
ס
ʱֹһСʱɱͥԺ֮Уʲô벻ͥԺ
Ҫ׷ˣǸƲˣ
ѵǾװ׵𣿡
ǿǿĶˣû뵽˾Ȼľء
ľأʲôѽΪʲôƵġ
ǰձɽͷĿһʮּթյĽɫЩ˸ռӲãľȻ֪ڵ꣬һǳţձɽ鳤֮⣬Ҳһǿߡ
ǿߣ
ǿߵģǾ;Բ򵥣ѵǴ˵еԴ
ܵ˭ǶеܲͻΧɣ
ԱһˣˣԵ̫ˣ˵ĿûмȴҪһ󷨸˭ܵѽ
Ҳֻˣ׼ھ͡
š
ȻһתѾоܶϢͥԺű߳˹
Լ𣿡
ܿ죬ʮӰѾͥԺ֮⣡
һɫȹӣŮˣһͬѾ˹
ŵȡǱ󷨺ܹ죬˾ͳȥˡ
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ԱȫһͬʱǴɫȹӵŮˣ
ѵǴ˵еǻŮô
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ʱ¡Ѿ֪˵˵ݡ
ǲľأ
Ѿ֪ˣ
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ӷ磡
һ˵еѽԱһ񻰰Ƶģλ̫үһ׳ĹӣΨһļ̳ˣ
ȴЩеûʱΪҪģ뿪
󷨣ȴ˵ƾƵģҲڣƾЩ˵Ʋ˵ģ
ʱͥԺϷһ⣬ŵͬʱ̧ͷȥֻǵڣһȱڣ
һ󷨵ڡŵȣ֣ǵȱڡ
ã
֣еȫۼͥԺϷȱϡ
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ǵˣ
ûȥǽѣ뿪˵
ͲҪκȥЩʿ󷨸һƣЩʿȫ˹ѹ֮ȴû֪ʲô£һԵĪ
Ϊʲô
֪ѽֻǵǡ
λ˵ˣӵȴҵġˣȫӵĺ棬ϳ롣
ǣ
ͬһʱ䣬ڵĳڳˣ·ߺȷţʱ·һҲ٣Ҫһ壡
پۿ뿪֮󣬻صӷ֮˵ǶѾ뿪ˣ
ܺá
ӷһת˷˱仯ľأȻپ˵ڿʼҾľءǰ˸ȫߡ⣬ץˣǵļȫϴȻѾûʸԱˣǱɰ׳հɣҲȥɱˡ
ɰ׳գʵҲһҸȻֵѾ֪˳ӷݣǾͲ뿪
پ˵ֱӳȥֵܸһƴ˰׳գʲôϴ䣬ӷֻ˵ĺһѣ˵ˣǰǴɰ׳գ
֮ϣѾˣĽȫˣһͬʱһͷҲڲͣš
ôˣ˵ǲѾȷ
Ѿȷľˡ󷨣˾˳ϾҪˡ׳ϺˣȫɢڵڰΧܽжǿܷȥеȫ׼ãֻһ£һеĿ𡣡
ڵѾܲôˣֻҪһǽɶɲұ֤ҪҪ֤Ľİȫ
ĸҪˣ׳һ˵ȫĵطȥľصĿ£ģһץסǸû˾ȵǣ
еʿȫķɢ˿ڵڸŰΧ
еҲȫ׼ˣȻ֪Щľ˵κãʲôĻǾֻеŰˣ
顭
ʱڵը˿֮ǰıըҪ޴Ķֱ࣬Ӿ͵ڿʼݣ
ľصĳӷ磬Ű˸ۣߵˣϣҹתȦŽڵء
з񻰵ӰһЩνıͲȥԼ۾˵ĿƼʱȻһĻ

ӷųһЦЦһĽˣȫһЦҲ˵Цľؼһģûκε
ٿòľûˣܻܲһľسһ˰ɣ
еͷʱȫ˳ӷ磬Ļ棬ȴľء
ձǱߣľѾʧٺüˣձڵ棬һͬħģľֵֶΣձǺڵΣΪгӷ罫ˣ治֪ڵձʲôģ
ħٴγ֣ٴιѾǶڻĵһвˣձ˵һ޴вձķ棬ֻ֪ҪľһȥЩˣͽʧȥӵеһУȫҪľصģ
ӷ翴ΧʵǿЦѽѵڻģľûôô
ľֻˡӷ磬ʲôطϸҳ
ӷôһΪΧ˸ȥ϶ݶѣҲȫ˿϶ݣ
˶ѾˣԵȲȥľȳ֣ڳһ˻Ķ֣
ȫ׼


2769 ᣡ
ա
ǹͬеıڵͬڰеû˿ͣ٣еĹȫ˳ӷ˵ϣӷˣȴվԭأ˭ҲûκεĶپСˡЩͨĵҩҲûκõģ
ð֮ľǽ⣬ٴսеý嶼ŵɫ࣬ȻǶõһյıǹֵʱ򣬶ͨ˵˵ҲǼֲסˣܶߣѾǹը˹ȥҲкܶѾɵۣеûֹͣһеһУȫȫ磬ֱͨţ
ӷ˲ǹֵ꣬ʲôܣҪ䣬Ҳ̫˰ɣһװʲôģǽϷҲûɶ˼ˣ
ֹͣ
һѾ֮УŸӰһ㶯ûУ֪ͨĹͶԵκεãȥֻ˷ѵҩˣֱֹͣķй
еǹֹͣըҲѾֹͣ˿̣ΧһУȫѾΪƽˣĿȫǱըģЩӵڳӷ˵ϣȫһſŵĻƶ㣬˵ϡ
ôЩһﵽǲˣĹǾȻһҲûСѵǴ˵еԴߣԴߣҲʵ̫̬˵ɣ
ӣ֮⣬еĶ飬ߴĶ飬ȫˣ׳ˡ
ɣʱ򣬱׳ˣǾҪĽ鳷ˣ
Ҫ֪Ľ֮Խ˻ȥΪʲôҪ湦Ϊպһ׳ȶļ̳ʱˣǾ͵ȫǵǰˣʣպôȥɺһ׳ܲһΣգ͵һ˵İɡ
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ưӹ壬⻹ǻƴţʱ򣬻ưصؽ˶Ƶģû뵽壬Ϊ˻ƴţΨһ

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2775 ħ֣
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ͬʱںĴ½У֮ڣĺɫֱǳȺĳʹĳ˵˲ڰ·ɱģ


2776 ɽԯ
ĺɫ⣬Ĵ½вͣĴţ໥֮以ײţʼ׹أȻ׹ķǲһģ׹֮ǿȴȫͬһɳ۶ȥûа̵ͣЪû˿ԥͬӵһҪж죡
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2777 ħ˲֮ʮУ
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ѵղŵǹԼ뿪Ҫ·ϽɱԼԼ˿ҪԼһɣ

ϹҴһһֻ񣬳ͷǬ£佣콣Ҳȫ˳
Χһźɫħγһ磬ϹҼȫ˽֮ڣ
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һ˵Ц漴˵͵͵͵͵ĺǰɡ̽ħ鱨Ҳѽ۷ҲܹҲһûʵģⲻ𡣡
ͻȻ䣬һӰϹҵǰǬתϹһˣ
Ϲҽ佣콣УָˣʵħУʲôݣ̫ףûʸǶ֣
ӵʵħȻǲ̫׵ģϹ˵ֻһʱ䣬׼Ŷ֣
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ϹҸ໥һۣƴţĳ嶯ʲôʱȫתƵǬȥˣ˵ΪƴţǬĴ̫ڲôĵˣǬãնɱǾ̫ԲȥĻƴţˣ
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Ӱֳһӣʹڶʮңһɫףһѳûκģֻ߲ϣһͼڣ
ȻҾȰ˰ɡ
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ϹҸ£̳嵽ǬǰҪ˵Ľ⽣ȷǿı̬Ǽ˺޷仯⡣
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ʱֻһ⣬˵˹˸оޱ֮ǿ󣬵һʱ䣬Ѿо˶Էʵ
۷壡
۷壡ѵϹˣ
ѽϹǲģˣħȥӷ绹ûأû˵ֵסħģ
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ΧĿռ䣬һĻζˣǿף˫۾ҲĶͻȻԼ⡣
Ǻˣ˿ǽʧʵϹҼˣҲͬʱǵ⣡
ȻϹţҲǳӷ磬ѵԼߣֳ۷ĳǿ߲ɣ
˶Էò֮ϹҼȫסˣ
ǾȻһȥʮ꣬ϴķǳãǸմȥһ
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ħ˲ڣˣȻħ˲еһʮ֮ƵһԱѹʵǿˣ
ħ˲ڵĳԱ֮һȻǿʵǰ˴ħֽǿһôĵزأ
ϹҼ˶ǵʮУֿǾԼһɣ˭Ҳû˵Ϊ˭֪Ȼڳһħ˲֮һͻȻֵ۷ֻʲôأ
Ȼ֪ҵݣӣҲһѽ
һˣ۷Ϊ𣿡
۷壿֪֮ڣ۷Ĵڣֻв񷶦
˵һҲû֮У۷壬ȷֻв񷶦ֻв񷶦
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ʲô
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꣬ôð񷶦ˣ
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㵽ʲôˣǰװŪġݣҵĽ£ɱ֮
ƾ㣬ҲɱңǼ֮䣬ʵȷ̫⣬֮䣬ʵҲʮġĲ㣬ľ磬Ҳɱ۷ΰɡ
ٷϻҲңҲһףɣҿ۷壬滹Ǽ١
ߣԯɱߣɶħ壬Ǹ⡣
ԯ
ʮиϹҼˣȫԱţ
ԯ˵ԯĴ񷶦ԯ
ɷвաħģһ
Ϲ໥һۣͬʱ˵꣬ǵĴ񷶦ԯⲻѽ˵񷶦ˣֻʣϹǰ˲񷶦ƬģԯʲôȻһСɣ


2778 ԯ֮
ħ˲ڣħ˴ħֱ죬ÿһֻʮˣÿһҲŲͬĴţڰ˲˵ΪСǲϵͼڣǵı־ʮڳֵʮеʮҲеʮУʵĲľ磬ȻĲֻȴе߼ˣһ㣬Ǿмˣ
ԭ˵ϹǼԲǵʮеĶ֣ԵʮУϹҲֻ·һ֮ͿԽǼȫɱ
ڣؼʱ̣˳ȣϹҼ˵ģԲǵˣԱ˵ǵˡ
ĴĲ񷶦ԯĴ½ԯľ䣬Ҳ½һͳߣ۷Ĵڣ
ԯͻȻ֣һ漣ˣԯڣϹҼ˿϶ǰȫģʮȻܻԯĶ֣
ֻһ⣬ϹҼˣǵʮжǲ⣬ҲΪˣԯݣϹҼʮУɣ
˵Ĳ񷶦Ѿսˣöɷ˵ɣҲֻǻѡϹΪ׼˲񷶦ƬŸġǣԯΪʲôҲʵ壿ӦҲתһΣȻһεѽӦøɷôۣһΪģ
⣬õʮиͲǰɣǵĴĲ񷶦ԯԣһðģ֮ǰʵҲһǼٵģ
ԯĴ񷶦۷ǰɡҽ쵹ʶһ£ԯԯΡ
ʮУħ˲֮һɲڵ꣬ڣ㶼ûʸΪҵĶ֡
ԯʮз˶ԼĻɣԯûϣȻǾȳȫɣ˵ɱһʮи˲ħƤë٣ΪһͶ״ʲôģȥǱ߰ɣ
ʵԯԴ뿪ׯһ·Ѿֽ֪ľˣҲ֪֮ǰڵھŴ½һսò˵ھŴĲ񷶦ȷǱ֮ǰİ˴ҪǿĶ࣬ڶѾԽ˲űʵˣ
еھŴ񷶦һ̣ԯǷĵġԯֵ֪Ĳ񷶦Լеһڶڰ˴֮ӭսħϣħӭսӷ磬оԵİյģ
Ȼԯڻ֪ǻԪѾ˽Ͼħν磬ĿľҪǻԪģ㣬ԯô벻ᷴˣڸǰǻԪ磬Ҫħ߿ǻԪ֮ŵģ
ʮԯǰѺɫĳѾ˱仯֮䣬˺ɫһֺɫɵ
ǰԯǼ٣ȻղܽԼĹֵǾǸðԯʮҲеģ۷壬Ҳһ磬ԣﶯ֣ʮоԲģ
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ʮеıԵʮֻţôԯԴԴʮеͼʶǿħ޷ȫֵԴѽ
ΪʲôΪʲôһȻԯԴѵľǡ
ʮУû뵽ħ壬Ȼô˵ȷʵ޽ϣԭĲʵֱ㣡

Ǹ޽ϣѵǳڵʮͷϵֻ
ԯԭû
ħûôܻ㵹ǿˡ
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ԯʱѾͬˣûħʵҲġ
䣬ʮеĺɫһӣͷֻʮнΪһ壬ʹĵʮеֱӾͳľ磡
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ϹҼ˼һĻȫˣû뵽ħЩһֶλ湻ģȻڱȫѹס¿ʵ˵ΧħѹǸһ͸ħˣԭħĵģǸԼ׼ģԼ򲻹ʱ򣬿ΧħΪħǵʵ
νʵ⣬ʮΣԯ۷壬ԣԯҪɱ㣬Ǳɵģ
ԯʮиŰΧڵʮħʱΧĻƣȻʮչħȫɢˡ
ԯ
֮ͭڣͻȻһ⣬ںΧǻ꣬ٵγ˽ΣγһѺɫĽԯνлгֵĻ꣬ϳɵһѱΪԯ
ΧĲƣҲԯֵʱȫۼ˹ƣӡԯϣԯĽ֮ϣγһ
ԯɵģһס˽ǿĽ佣콣ʼη壡
񽣣Ľ񣬻δУǵʮУѾȫѹסˣһˣ
ԯնɱ
ԯһֳֽʮ˹ȥǿҵĽ⣬ĵʮ˶סˣ˫۾û˿뷨ֻǹԹԵĿԯһ
ʱΧĿռ䣬һƶһŸƶŸƶУͬʱһڹ⣬еĺڹ⣬ȫۼ˵ʮеǰΪ˾Ÿɫ׵ˣ
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2779 壡
ŸˣŸˣŸͲµˣÿһ˵Ĳϣһͼڣÿһ϶źɫףǰղͬĶɵס
Ϲˣ佣콣Ÿ˵ĳ֣ȫһ亹
˵ǵʮеʵѾǿ̬ĻڳֵľŸˣÿһʵǵʮ֮ϡǣһģһģŸ˶ʮһϵͼڣѾ֤ǵˣ
ħ˲֮һʮУħ֮ȫԱѾˣ
ʮˣӵһеʮУԯǰһվ֮䣬ͽԯһֵ
Ȳԯһ˶٣ԯ۷Ĵڣֽ۷ĹֵǾ;ǿʵ
ʮʱҲѾԯѹ½˳ʮˣħʮУȫۼһʮͬʱԯûܣҪԯһߵ׵̬ȣÿһ˵ƶޱȵǿǴͷģȻһ߲ǿߣ
߲㣬磬ʵмѽ
ԯû뵽Ȼҵʺʵ塣
ͷΪһУ߲ʵԯʱһ㶼ţԵĺɣҲԯһˣϹҼ˷ͷ·ϹҼͬ㣡
û뵽ҸһɽħʮоͼˡȻˣҲûҪأڰ˽ɡ
ڰ˽Ҳħ˴ħ֮һħʮе˵ʵҲ۷ľ磬ԯʮԯѾû˲񷶦ǲ񷶦ˣ治֪һսôĽ
ԯѾǲ񷶦ˣΪڵ㣬ʸħ𣿡
һԯԵĺţǰԯԻĻᶼûСֻϧһ˵ԯѾǲ񷶦ˣûв񷶦治һħĶ֣
˵ϹоԵʵħħ֮µκһ˶սĻΪϹӵףĲ񷶦Ͳһˣ
ԯֳԯڵһеĻҲǺϣҶûʮ̫ķϻתϹҼ˵ȥǵ°ɣｻҴ
˵ϹҼ˵ʵޣδ磬ɲôĵˣǶ˿ηġңԯΪ˾ԼˣŻħʮУϹҼˣǳʲôˣ̰ϹҼ˿ɳܲ
ԯǰ֪ʲô𣿡Ǭʵ
Ȼ֪ھŴˡ
ǵĴ񷶦Ӧ֪񷶦ֵܣһ𣿡
ǬһʣԯǿЦһ˵ǸҲ˵Ҳ֪񷶦ֵܽãûһġҪ֪ڣħħѾʼ磬һôĴսӦҽճɽպ·ǣͬʱҲѾ֪̽Żģڣħ֪ȴûдȥǵ˵һǳҪ鱨鱨޷ھŴǼˡҲ˵ҽߣ˵ǱҪǵ񡣡
ԯ˵ĺһս˵鱨ȻʮֹؼģȻϹҼѾõйħĵһ鱨ܼʱȥĻǵҲ͵ʧˡ˵鱨أϹҼ˻ôȥɱȱһ̰ҪصĶ࣡
˵ңԯǰ˵ûǱҪ콫ħ鱨ȥһħʱͷܹ֪ǵǵڻ֪ħǶǳ˵Ǻܲġ
Ϲҿɲǻƴţƴţǰĳ嶯ǬҲѾʧȥ˻ƴţֵܣԸٿֵܽˣԣôħ巽鱨Ҫͻȥ
ãԯǰͽˡ
ܣܵ𡣡
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ԯڣʮֹ𣿡
ԯʱѾͬˣħʵֻҪ㲻ǲ񷶦ɱ㣬٣ɱǡ
ŶǾҼʶһ£ôõʱ䣬ħʵжɡ
䣬ԯͷͻȻ䣬һֻޣһֻɣʮֵľ޴󣬻ڲͣĴؿڣ
һУղ˵ħʵķ֣ʲôô
ԯͷֵɣħʮȫˣ
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޽ϣղſʮеҾѾ֪ˡֻû뵽ħʵķȻܿϧӵе壬壬ҲΪʲô壬ָ۷Ҫԭ򡣡
壡
Ҫ֪ħˣǰǻԪˣҪ˱ӵе֮⣬ǽޡû뵽ԯ壬Ǹ壬Ǹϵģ
ϹҼ˼ԯͷֵɣҲȻǷ˸ħһҪһ֮ԿħʮУǾ׾ٵ飬һ֮ҪħʮУǼ֮£
Ǽʲôҿɲܱ֤Შǡߣһûʮ֣ж죬ܶ죬ħ鱨ȥ


2780 ȸ
⣬ϹŴеȫħפķֻǿħʼӿ춯صıըڳ˸ħ֮λòҵսһɹǵص𽥵ϯھŴ½ǿƣһʮȾ棬սϹŶɵۣ
֮ڣ˳ˣϹ֮⣬˭ӵǿڣԶɽϹŶڳˣӷ˵Ǳߵڻû۾͸ӲܳˣôǳˣҲϹţ˭ӵǿأ
۷壡
Ϲ⻰ÿūȫһ
۷壬Թԣǵ׻˭ħչսһ۷Ľɫ
λ۷սģӦħİ˲֮һħ֮ΪʮСÿһʵ磬ңÿһˣ޵Ϊرǣħʮս֮ˣ۷֮⣬Ҳ޵⵽ô£
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ǵս˹ȥȥġΪĵĲħʮУҲħʮսˣϹǼ
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˵ϹҼȥ̽ħ鱨˵ȥ̽ػ鱨԰ǻԪһСҲ˵һ֧ڰǻԪȷ沿ӣҪͽΪ˵һˣ
Ϲ֮ͻȻ⣬ϹҼȫϻˣ
ڳϹҼˣûΪϻΪԼң෴ÿһˣ佣콣ڣȫվսķһ仰Ҳ˵ֻǾֵĵĿš
ūʵϹң·ǲǷʲô
Ԫ˧һοΣѽħ˲ڳһʲôħʮеģһվԽǼɱˡڣ·ȣǲܻŻģ
·ȣȻħʮսģǾϹҼ˵ģֻǣʲôأ
Ǭ˵Ϲǰҿǹȥһ˰ɣԯǰһ˵ֵħʮУȻҲ۷壬ħȦס
ʲô
ԯǰ
Ϲʵ˵ԯǰʲôˣ
һѽĴ񷶦ԯ
ʲô˵Ǹħʮнսģԯԯļ
ûͻȻ֣Ǿͻزˣ
ⲻѽԯܻҲֻǸˣûиһʵ壬ʲôȥħʮս
ԯǰԼ˵ҵһر壬һǸħһ޵塣ֻǸ壬ħõķҪĶࡣ
壿ǰ˵ȴ޵Ľᾧѽ˵壬ͲܻʮŶԣΪ֮ѪҺϸ໥⣬ͬڲ㣬ûһȻĴƽֿ⣬ǲܳʮģ
ǾͲ֪ˣԯǰͣҲʮѣԳʮꡣ
ѵԯ󣬲Ŷȡģڵһתֱתһģ
ϹſһԱߵĶɷɷǼ֤񷶦תɾɷҡͷԯתҾҲĻˡ֮飬ĻȥʲôطҲ̫㣬ҲΪӷͻ룬ȥħħʱŷġ
ԯѾָ˵ʵû˲񷶦ҪħʮҲʲô¡ҵģǸ壬к֢Ͼ޵Ľᾧ壬ͲһĴڣ
޵ĽϣʵڵĳӷֺγأֻӷȴΪĸ֮䲻ͣı仯ԯħЩһǰǻԪЩһȴǽޣ壡
ɲôȻԯѾħʮдˣӦþͲǸٵԯϹҲһȥħʮС
ϹŸҪȥԯʱͻȻǸСսڣһɾҵıըͬʮԭӵıըŨ֮䣬һβСľ룡

һЦڳϷȫȻһ̧ͷģǵˡ
ԯǰ
һõ·ͽʮ꣬ԯգ֮䣬Ѿ˳ϿգͬʱħʮУҲΪʮڹ⣬ֲ˳Χ
Ǽ֪СȻҴҳ˵ĵ̡ħھͽ𣿡
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һ˵ˣɫʮԯһˣȻûռκεıˣԯҲûиֻ̫ÿһ˵ϣе˰ˣ
ȻǵĴ񷶦һ֮ħʮǿߣȻԸ˺񷶦ʡ͵ĵѽ
һԯһϹšټ϶ɷ죬Щ񷶦мأȸڣƺڣĺԨڣӷڣ
һֱӺλ񷶦ţѵ뵥ŴĲ񷶦ɣ
˿̣˵ˣȫһûеõ֮ǰ˭Ҳ˵ĳˣһУҪ²С

΢΢ľ磬ǰΧʱû⣬ڿȸϣ֪ʱɢһ⣬ͬʱȸ˫ۣͫףҲű仯·ͫУһ֣һ⡱֣⡱֣Ѿתһڿʼ仯һ⡱֡
о˲ԾĵطȻһת˿ȸ˭֪ȸú׾ˣͷ·ȸѾһƵģûǰǵƽݣȡ֮ģһɱ¾޾ɱ¾߰
ʲôˣ̿ȸ塣
һ۾Ϳȸʲôסˣԭˣ
ȸûȥһۣ˵һ䣺¡
ϣ޾ϣúԼΧеˣеһֿ־壬ȫóһ·ͬðĿȸ
漴ǵһиպŴ񷶦ţڳ˵ķ԰֮ڣһ޾ϵ𡭡
񷶦ȸڴˡħݵ÷
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ɷôۣԯϹţȫһԼͬһħʮеĵһУͬʱ֮񷶦ȸ


2781 ¼л
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ǣȸƣ񷶦һѽңԭֻ۷ΪȻ֮䣬ͳ磬һڲͣ
һ㣬ڶ㡭߲㣬ڰ˲㡭۷壡
˵ǶɷǼ񷶦ˣһԯĳǾˣڿȸĳ֣Ҳöɷ񷶦ΪԾġ
ֱӾͳ۷壬Ϲţԯһ۷塣˵ϹףԯĻǿȸôһ£ΪʲôԼĺϸһֱӾͻָ˵ΪҪóӷ帴һ
ԲһڵĿȸȷǵĲ񷶦ǲ˿ٵġֻҪ帴ǡںڣ
ɷȸĲ񷶦ȻǲͬģϵǹƸɱ¾и߰Ծĵ񷶦
ٿſȸͫףɷ·Ѿ֪ôһˣ
ѹҲĻ壬ԭĻ壬һֱڣһġ
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ȸôûдڳֹҲǸԯһڵȴһᣬһһ֣ܴɱķǷɱĻᡣ
ˣԯһɽˣȸҲڻȴ壬ֻҪʱŻ֣ʱסħ彻ս֮󣬾ֽڳ˯һҲ˵Ĳ񷶦ȸȸһһĿȸʵͬһˣ
ħʮСǸղŲǽҳڣҿȸǰְɡ
Ŵ񷶦ÿһڸϣ棬ͬġа񣬿ȸɱ¾ԯƮݣĺȣ㣬Ϲ£Եӷ磬գ
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˶ûע£Ϲţԯȸ֪ʱѾۼһ
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ԯеԯһӣû뵽ոˣħͳˣ
û뵽Ŵ񷶦Ѿ߸ȸԯϹšҲϵˣ죬ħ忪ʼ磬룬ǳӷս飬ǾŴ񷶦Ѿְ˸ˣħҲûҪȿ
ͻȻ䣬ħǾ޴Ӱȫ֣ͷһֻ˫ͷЫӳˣ
ħ磬Ҫ㳹군
ȸһе۷ڳϾ¶ɡ
ħ˭ģħȴԶԶԽԭӵеֻ˫ͷЫӸ֮۷ʵ֮ϣʮǿȸԯϹ֣޷ƽ
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ϹŶԼ۾ħʵҪ˵ͬϹżȫƵģսǾģ
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Ϲ񷶦Ƹȫħѹ˿̣ɷô۸Ҳȫ֣Ϲһ
ĺã񷶦һ֮⣬ǽҴ˻ģϹŻˣ֮ڡǽ죬ȸǵɫ֪ңѾǰˣ˵Ѿǲ񷶦ˣûħǰҲһȺϡ

ħǰһɫͼڣͼγһǣ󷨣ǽĶ
ħ󣡡
ԶɽһֱվȺ֮ǰħʮУħҲûκεĶҪȿħôĵƣڱӷһ֮ô͸ˣ
ɳԶɽû뵽ħȻʹħҲ˵ħħħ츳޵֮⣬һȻӵ԰ǻԪħ
ѹħʱ磬ԭǵõ˰ǻԪĶħ
Ϲźҿɢ԰ǻԪħ
ǻԪ磡
ԯȸͬʱһ˵ʱĳ֣ӷ֮һսϰ˵ĳ֣˳ɲûѵĵ񷶦ȸǲ֪ģոճɽԯӲ֪ˣ
ôܻǰǻԪ磿
ԯʵ
ûʱ͡ħʮǿǵֵסģֻ㣬ǧҪħûв񷶦壬һ·һرǵһ˵Ǻȥ
ϹţڲǷǰˡħħȽĻҪǿ࣬˵ʲôطѲ˵ġ
ڸô죿
õģѵûо𣡲񷶦Ѿˣ
˿̣֮ڣһѪ⣬֮г
ǵھŴˡϹ˵
ھŴ񷶦
ԯȸ֮ڣֻǸմгѪ⣬ħϷҲγһħһħ
ҲħھŴħսģ᲻ã
ѽӷͲħ˽ģħħʱȻûħǰǿ󣬼ħָ㣬аǻԪ״ħɳӷǵħʲôأӷҲֻģħħˣ
ħ
ʲô
ħ
ӷ߿մֻһĹѪɫħֱӳħͷȥ
ȻħԴһʹˣ𣿡
ܲôˣħҲֻ΢˽⣡ڻϵھŴϷǾʹ湥¼лħɡ


2782 ħѧˣ
ħ˫Ӵ˫ӴҲǰǻԪǿߣǾ˵ħվŵǻԪ磬ӷҪħԿҲ͵ǸǻԪԿڣǻԪǲȫģҲͲҪħ߿ǻԪ֮ˣ˫Ӵǿţ棬͵Ҳ޵ģϾҪ˹Ҫ߻һۣ˫Ӵ۲ܹһͱ۴ֲħ壬ߴһȶĻػЭħһȶĻֵİ֮£ִܳ۵İ֮£Żģ
Ȼ˫ӴûԹҲͺ˵ûմλǻԪĿʦħһ磬ҲǶɷǸʱʼڣûմۣܳĿǰ޷ܣ˵ûܣԶûᣬ˵ǻԪ˫ӴۣҲǵȴʱȴܴܳ۵ʱֻҪʱһǸͲҪħȥǻԪˣͻֱӿһսģ
Ҳ˫Ӵ˵ۣΪǿĵˣҲǰǻԪʮ֮һ˫Ӵͬһ𡣵ͬһｻսģѾʵˣܶʱģһЩϸϵ⣬ϸڣܶʱҪŵģ
ʵĿǰλãػ֪˫Ӵ۵뷨ûۼ˫Ӵ۵ĿԿ϶ǣػħ֮䣬˫ӴȻǸħģϾػɳڰǻԪʱģħȴ˫Ӵѡ˫Ӵ۲ð˵ļΪвĻ֪ǽػðˣǵĵʦΪеģ
ħ˫Ӵ֮䣬״һôĹϵʵѾˣǻɣħ˫Ӵֲۣ̫ѽħһֱڣһϹŴħħ룬ǻԪ˫ӴۣȴûֹͣĲѽҵڣѾǻԪ磬ħ˫Ӵ۵ĻǻԪģֻʲôأ
֪ڣͲЩʱ򣬾ԼɣȴòκεݣûݵȥжϣҲȥԲκεľ
ڣҲһû˿Ѫ֪˵ļ˱˫Ӵۿס֮Ҳ֤Ǽ˵İȫʹİҲѾû˿ĺ֮ˣµػҪħܳӷ磬֮ڿǻԪ磬ǰˣҲɱл۵ġ
ľģȲĸӵĿ£һˣһȺˣűľȥһĻܳɹ٣̣ڴģҲ˵ĵģ
ڳ˶ԣһħһħ壬ԳڵʵֻҪ׶ΣҲ˿η壬ħ֣ħĽҲֻҪʱӭս׼ͿˣѾ˶λ񷶦λʵ壬۷ˣپǰ˸ҲѾʼںħ֮ˣڲ֮󣬾ͻһȥħ˽ҲȻ˶֡
ػĳ֣ó˲òǣϹžɳϹҼˣǰħפ֮أ̽鱨ǲ̽ħľ飬ʵȴǲػĶ
û뵽ϹҼһǰħפز̽鱨Ȼֱӽħ˲ڵһħʮиȫˣͬʱĴ񷶦ԯҲˣ񷶦ȸҲַʽ֣
ԭ˵񷶦۷壬ҪɱħʮУǸ֮ɱģǽޣܸǵʵ۷ǰҲȺ
˭ĵؼʱ̣ħȻޱǿƵ״̬ˣڵħ֮ǰħҪǿʮһӵ˰ǻԪħʹ񷶦۷壬ħһ˵Ķ֣
ڣӷպʱϻ
֮ǰ񱻳ӷȭʹˣħҲסӷһȭа˱ħѾˣħҲѾˣ
ӷڻе֪ħõǻԪħ֮ǰͲӦ˵ôϻֱӽħɱʹ죡
ħ˵ӷѾ֪ȥЩħʦħʿˣɱϾħӵħ츳ȻӷܽԴħʹãħԽħļܣħʹѽ
ڲ񷶦֮ڵԴ˵ȫڲ񷶦ģΪ񷶦ҲڰǻԪ磬Ҳ˵ڲ񷶦ڵԴ֮󣬴Ӷɷһʼڲ񷶦γɵģԲ¶γɵģһȻγɣҪκ˵Ĵ죬νӵڲͬ
Ȼ񷶦԰ǻԪ磬ңҲǰǻԪǰЩ۵ǿƣ֮ڣһųӷ֪Ҳǰʱ˵ǽһħҲǻԪΪǿֻҪܵõӷԸ˫Ӵۿˣ
ֻĿǰλãӶɷӷ磬ʱ򣬽ħõɽҲʹϵõһʼħˣûκһˣ֪ڣһְǻԪʹõ
Ȳصʲô٣ħڳˣħ֣ǳӷͱȽħˡ
°ܽ޳ܵơħ㲻Ҫĳ̶ȣ˷ָ
ӷ֪ôʹõħϷħͬʱ棬Ϲż񷶦ҲϳӷĹϣлħ
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ħԸ˵ڳӷ³˴ʱħɶ֮ͨſ˽ħĲҰܣʣħôǿסǷݳ裬ض̵ʱڣܻһĳӵġ
֮ǰĴ壬㱾еϲű䣬ɱ˽񣬻ңɽ죬Ѿӵħټұһսǿǿ
ٷϻҪսұսȫɢҪħ˽ӣʱ׼ħ塣
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ħ򣬺Ҳ̫û˼ˡȻħѾ磬Ǿ͸ɴһ㣬Ҫ˷Ѵҵʱ䡣֮ڣҾͷֳʤɡ
ӷ磬㵱ħɵ֮ǰƣħҲǵһΣҿɲɵûȫ׼õ£ֱӸʽսġ
ħҲѧˣ֮ǰӷһƣƴħͳͳȫûٷһ飬һεùģħ
ӷһôˣħǳҵˣһһգĿսǸֱǵʲôɵ£ħȥģȻΪҪǣħڻûӵʽսǸħ·ģȻǰǻԪ˫Ӵˣ


2783 ɱʮУ
ħҪйȻĴѾʼ֣ǾȻʱս׼ǣҼӵһ仰˵ʱ׼šǵħ֣ǰǻԪ֣ȻѾ׼µǿҲµġ
ӷħħ໥ײһ𣬶ʱ֮䣬رɫħʮУȫۼħͬʱӷҲѾħƽλãϹż񷶦ɷ壬Ҳȫۼ˳ӷߣ
ڳӷħǰһħħΪɫӷΪѪɫӷħȴģħģΪڣӷ綼֪ȥʹħֻħôӷôӽħȫӳǰ˸ħͬͼ״
ӷ磬ھ͸㿪սҲھͽȫɱܿϧҿɲħҲǽ񣬲ԴΪԽ׾£ɱûӷ磬ȷ⼸νˣű֮⣬ĴЩɢɢһ˽ϵõħȻħڵҶԣ֮ܽħȴĲűĴ
֮⣬ǲһսˣȻңǾϸҹܵҵĵװ棬װ棬ڡ
˵ʵħҪھͿսӷԲؾģܲʱսõģȻҶǴˣǾͶӦ֪һûյսûȫʤģûȫʤ㣬͵ǰһ룬ⲻǶԳӷԣǶħԣ˫䲻
˵ħھͿսӷҲ룬ȻҶ룬ǼȥҲûκεԣظңó׼һж׼֮󣬲ھŴսĿʼ
ʵ֮ǰħֻħųһƶѣ̽ƣֻħû뵽Ϊĳ֣ȫ̵ļƻĳӷʵȵزħҲϹǼɱаħԼ֪ԼǸô³
ܺãȻҶھͿսҲ˵˹ûʡʹҵߣòҪˣʲô򣬾ǱҸһս
ӷЦһһħЦģЦǶڳӷһˣħ֪ڳӷЦ֮УǴżΪյıƣԽ˵飬ܾԽȥ
ҳ˵ĳԱȫóһ·ħȥ
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ոռӷԯȸɸ˵˲ͬ
ھŴҲ̫С˰ɡħѾ򵽼ſˣȻ仰Ҫˣ˵ɱħħʮУǾӲġħ˲֮һսʮġ
ȸܲˬ
˵ӷ£Ǳ벻ġʶӷôãڣ޷뷨ȸɷģȻӷںܶʱ򶼻ʾһ£ȴ⣡οǱܵˣЩС͵ôܻʹ˷Ź
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ħҪųӷ磬Ϊħ֮УҲֻħڵħſӷ翹⣬κˣԳӷ磬·һģ
ħˣбҪʵӷԲĶֵġ
УħΪУҶΪУ峤ΪУڵ³ôֲǲ֪
ѽСӷʲô³ǿɶѪһĽѵѽħħǰ㣬ҲգҲƻոƻʤ֮ˣҴ⣡
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ħʮкΣÿһˣǺݺݵĿһ۳ӷ磬ȻħӷĶ֮³ˣ
ħʮѾԶȥҲͷ
ɻûħ˵ͻȻ䣬ħȻ䷢֣Լǰĳӷ磬Ȼһһʧ
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ѽ֪ʲôǷϹҵʵʲôʱ򱻳ӷѧˡվħǰĳӷ磬ͬΪʵ壬ֻĳӷѣ
ӷĿǵʮСУֱõʮС
ħ֪ӷʲôղſǵʮнɱϹҼ˵ģôӷȻܷ뿪ˣ˵˷ħȥû˵ѽ

ħʮȫһ֮䣬ǿȫסˣÿһˣ壡
ǿȸԯһĻ˶໥һۣ۷壬֪ӷղôģǷʲôʱģʵ壬ʲôʱǰħʮе·ϵģĸˣӷ綼뵽ˣǵأ
ҽɱҵֵܣ뿪ҳӷʲôˣҳʲôطˣ˵˵߾ߵġ
ӷ磬˵㻰Сˡħ󺰵ͬʱѾӷ˹
һħֹħ㻹һ档ħʮУ죬ҾɱһУģ´˵ҽҲ
Ȼ˵ӷ⣡
ܵҵĵɱҵֵܣҾȥˣ˵ǿߵǰȥҳӷԺôѽ
ʮųӷ磬ţԣǳӷѾ˵ʮеǰõʮеĻð亹ʼ飬ǿɱɱ⣬ǵһμɱ¾Ƶĵ񷶦ȸûгӷɱѽ
ӷ磬ҵ
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ӷһüͷʮǸɵ棬ʮУȫһ˸ѹסˣȻ˼ŸҵԲƬԶˣ
㣬ֻʸ񡣡
ӷһƳʮеͷȥҽɱҳӷֵܣ³ס±Ͷ̥Ҳǧҳӷĵˣ³һ
ʮе˫ķǳӶˣǿһƣֱӾϣǵһʮȫͷţһѪۣ
Уŵʮе³ӷһȥȫʬѽħ飬һ̣ӷһֱĳ˷顣
¡һʮе壬һ޴ıըӷ磬Ѿ˻ȥħոϳһ·̣ʮѾΪһẓֱ́ӱ紵ɢ


2784 ı
ħʮû뵽ӷȻʱ֣ħ棬ʮиɱˣԼŸˣֵĻᶼûУֻĿŵʮбɱ
Ҫ֪ʮеʵѾĲˣϽޣԵ㣬ڳӷǰͬϰСǵʮУԼħʮУͬϰСҲ̫£̫̬˰ɣ
ԭΪħ˵ʵʮԳӷʱ򣬾޷ӷھŴĲ񷶦ɱҲɸƽְɣû뵽ǡ
ӷ磬Ǹƴˡ
һΪħʮ֮ףҲħ˴ħֵµͷ죬ԼСܱӷɱˣԼȥĻĻȥ԰˲ڵˣһᱻ˸Цģ
ħȴɵõһֹ˵һеǰ쵰ѵǻ֪ӷһ˵͸ƨƵģֶζĵϣӲƴĻǳԿǣ
ħˣѵʮо𣡡
ģÿһˣѡģǲκһ˰ġħ廹ûȫ׼øӷ翪սһж׼֮ҶȻɱӷġ³ǰ漸񷶦һǣȴǰһˡʱһֿǻԪ磬ͳͳɱ⣬ǽǸޱǿħ硣
ħڸŵҲڰģΪ֪ʮеڵһ˵ǳ󣬾ħˣϾཻ֪꣬飬ܻеģȻΪħ壬ȴѪںܶʱħˣҵˣҪиĶ࣡
£ħֻܽػֻܵԼħǻԪǱߣûжΪħãҪʽս֮ǰ͸Ļӷսʱ򣬿ûˣ
Ȼӷ粢ûнɱһʮзϣͷ·һͨĲͨˣħ˵ôٲٵĻɱ
ѽħѾ磬ɼȻûзʽսûпʼɨǾӦúΪ֮ղɱһʮУΪҽɱҳӷֵܣȻѾɱˣЩˣҲûǿнɱǾ͸Ͻҹһûıע֮ǰ
ӷħʱʶҲѾųȥоΧһУΧԼ˸ħǼϢ֮⣬ӷܾãһʮصϢΧڼԼƵģصϢԲǰǵػΪǵϢӷ֪ģ
Ȼħ壬ҲػϢʲôأ
ӷ˫۱ļΪ񶾣ҲĲȻԷԼƤӵΣԼ޷ҳ˵ʲô˵ԷʵԼ֮ϣԼѾǲű䣬Ĵˣ˵ѾǳԽ۷Ĵڣ֮ˣԶԶԼ֮ϣӷ米󣬿ʼð亹Էε˺ãֵֻ֣ĻԼ˵ˣһģҲԼڣ
ʵ̫ˣµ˷ָʲôˣôĿģ
ӷ˫һתħ
ôεϢȻȫۼħӦѽǵˣǸħһģҲӦýϢۼħѽ·Ǹħһİ㣡
ѵǰǻԪ˫Ӵۣ˵Ǹ
Ҳѽ˫Ӵ磬ȫǿֱӽԼЩȫɱģΪʲô֣˵ˣ˫ӴˣԼĸ׳Ҳ֪ܲѽҲضֵģɳΪʲôûг֣
Ե̫֣̫ˣȫǳԼԤ֮У
ӷ磬ʮеȸ죬Ҳ㽻սڿʼǱɱҵˣ򣬺ӦǺġ
ħ⻰һֱӾͽӷѹסˣĳӷ绹治
Ҫ֪ħ˵Ļ˵ʲô˵ӷ緢ֵϢħ֮䣬һŲͬѰĹϵңҲħϢۼģԴסӷ磬óӷ粻
ӷһ仰Ҳ˵Ҫ֪Ϣ˭ģ᲻ǰǻԪ˫Ӵ۵ģǵĻǲ˵˫Ӵ磬٣ħǵõ˫Ӵ۵ıӣϢ˫Ӵ۸ħһڹؼʱ̣ħϢκһǿУͬӷǿУóӷ粻
ħӷ绹治˷ħפ֮ء
Ϲż˷ϣվ˳ӷߣʵھŴղô£
ӷڱ亹ֱϵ·ʪˣ˵Ҳо𣿡
ţϢӦòνľܹˣ
û´ĻӦþǰǻԪĸ߳ħϢˣڰǻԪǿߵϢ
߳ħǿߣ
ûڰǻԪħ࣬ڻ֪ҿԿ϶ǣħıǰǻԪǿߣҲͳߣ˫Ӵۡ
ԯ˵ⲻܣǻԪûħҪͼǻԪ磬ɵ󣬶ǸֹסˡҲ˵ǸǻԪ磬һԣһ˵
ǻԪ磬ѾǸԣӲǴ˵ˡһħΪ磬һҪǿ硣ڰǻԪġħղŵħղϢѾ֤ˡңԯȸǵ飬ỹȸߴһ£ڣұҪȸǣǻԪ粻һʵĴڣֽ磬ģʹŰǻԪˡ
ʲô˵ǻԪ磬ˣȸʵ
ûһǣȫħġҲ˵ԴӶɷһ𣬰ǻԪ磬Ѿڰħˡֻһ֮ǻԪ綼ûֱӲֻֽԸķڰħˡֵľǻԪ磬ҪֱӲˣΪǲħٴʧܡ
ɷ˵ôǽôĵˣôǿĵˡħҲãǻԪҲգţֻҪǾŴ񷶦ۼϣûдӮ̡Ҷɷ죬ȸԯϹţӷ磬ѾۼˣʣµģֻĺԨˣֻҪҵҵʺ⼸ʵ壬Ҫ밢ǻԪһսҲɫ
һ˵ûֻҪǾŸۼϣǻԪΡϹ˵
Щ񷶦һһǿֻӷȴһ뷨ΪӷоһıĽӽһֱ񣬸ǿҵıУⳡıģǰǻԪ˫ӴۣôĿģΪ磿ǰǻԪȣֻһСռգ˫ӴΪǻԪǿߣ쵼ߣбҪע𣿻ôãħν磬ʧʧһνһΣѾǵڰ˴ˣҲ˵ǵھŴˣ


2785 ӷţ
ڣߴ񷶦ۼˣȫڵȺţΪڱߴ񷶦ħ忪սĲԣϾ˳ӷ֮⣬񷶦ʽӭսħģħȽ˽⣡
ħѾǰħˣħıаǻԪҲĿǰԵΣκ˶󲻵һħҪǻԪ磬ǻԪֱ֧ħ֮䣬ʵһͬģͬڣڴҶѾĵ˰ɣ
ӷ粢ûֱӽеɻ˵ûһı෴ÿһˣʮִģٹµϹţ֪һ档ΪԼһŵƣϹӵʵ帴
ǰû뵽ħı󣬾ȻǰǻԪ磡ѹħν磬һαһǿơֻһ벻ףȻǻԪӵ޷ƥеʵΪʲôҪħ壬ħأȻǻԪ˿磬ΪʲôֱɱأҪħ߿ǻԪ磬ⲻǶһ𣡡
ɷ˵صϣҲǳӷ벻ͨĵط
ʵһеĹؼ˫Ӵ۵ϣֻǳӷ粻ף˫ӴΪʲôҪ⣬˫Ӵ˵ʲôãҪռĻħ飬ǻѽ
ǻԪ磬ҪȾһѪ죬ѪΪУһɣҲ군ˣΪһû˿Ĵڣһĵط˫ӴҪã
˫Ӵ۵ʲôıǶԣóѣħ˫ӴԹǶҪֹСȻԵģħħ壬һ֧԰ǻԪػػ֮ǰҲѾˣϹǼҲеͷߣħҩʦʵǳǿʵĻҲֻܸһƽ֣ҪͬʱԸͬʱԸǾͱȽȫһɱ˿Ĳһһģң
˶٣ӷ˵ħҲű䣬Ĵ츳֮ȫҵĶˣҪɱҲֻ֮ѡɸղţҲˣħʵһ֮ڣ֮࣬ӵ԰ǻԪħڵʵ˵ҺްսɱϸղžۼħǹƣҲԾԿ϶һ˫Ӵ۵ƣҲӦħǿһƣ򲻵ѵʱǲὫ˫Ӵ۵ǹƻΪҾһġ
ϹʵھŴղŶƵķڵֵܷ
ӷҡҡͷ˵»Уٽһ츳ϲ񷶦ռܣǿǹƸֵסҪ뽫ǹȫƽĻǾͱߴоǡ
ɣֻ˫Ӵ۵һƶѣȻҪߴ츳Ҫۼ治һı̬ѽ
ȸ˵ôһͲˡ
㻹治ҪšʣǵУ˭ܵеĹڵħ˵ھŴ֮⣬ǼδصֵסħȫһǾ͸˵ħΪǿһŵˡ
ϹŵĻÿȸǼȫ侲ѽڿɲǰˣǰֻеһħûκαǿ죬ħİǻԪ磬˫Ӵۣȴðˮ棡
ԯʵȻӵһʼħıаǻԪΪʲôǼʱǻԪ˶ûֹҪھŴʱܳ
ӷЦһ˵ΪھŴ񷶦ǻԪܳģֻΪھŴ񷶦Ҷѡ
㣿ⲻܰɡǾŴ֮Ϊǿһ֮ǰ˭ܱ֤ܳɳһôĳ̶أԼ޷֤ǻԪǸʲô˫Ӵ۾͸Ӳܱ֤ˡ
˵ΪӷıҲˡ
ѽӷıҲˣΪʲôǻԪ磬˫ӴۻһðˮҪԭ
񷶦ĶԼʲôʱ򿿹ˡ˵ˣҲԲţ֮ڣ˻Ȳ񷶦Ҫǿġ
ɷ˵ֻ˵Ŀѡʵǲ񷶦ǿģǰУҲСֻǰûгں߶ѣˣǵھŴĸףҲڰǻԪֽ֮Ϊǿһۡ
ۣھŴĸףȻҲ԰ǻԪģ⻹ǳҵΧ֮ѽһ˵ǾھŴҲڰǻԪˣ
ӷЦһ˵ԯ˵ҲûϾҵĸ԰ǻԪģҸ׵ӰǻԪģңǲ֮ĵתԣܴĸ˵ҶڰǻԪˡ
ȷǳۣǲ񷶦ڰǻԪģǳӷ籾;ڰǻԪˣʵ޷ı䣡
ȸڳӷϸһ£û뵽Ȼǲ֮ĵתҲ˵㽫һĲ񷶦ˣˣҲ͵ڲ񷶦ˣʧȥΪ׵Ĳ񷶦Ҳġ
ɷ˵˵һ㶼ûھŴһΣ񷶦Ҳ͸ŻˣʧȥΪ׵Ĳ񷶦ҲܼȥЩص㣬صǣҪ취סħУǸ԰ǻԪػ
ţҸղѾػˣػûиħĴһ𣬶ȫɢ˵ھŴ½ĲͬطҪħܹʱ򣬸ħĴսӲͬķ򣬸Χս
ǾͱȽػڵλҳһУ򣬵ʱǸ޷з
Ѿȥˡ
ȥˣɵʲôˣǵʵôҪ֪ҪԵģǰǻԪħҩʦħʦħʿǼ֮⣬ˣӦˡ
İɡѵˣҳ˽սŵʱҶһ𣬶࣬Ҳʮѡ
ǸţپЩˣ
ǣرѡģȻǵʵȴִܸһЩʵǿߣͬǼλ޷ɵ񡣡
˵ǣ飿
ûʮսţΪţÿһԱŹȰӰȥ١ңؼʱ̣Ҳᱩ¶ǵݵģûмˣһ׼õһ֧顣


2786 һγ˸
ȸԯ˵˵ǰɡô£ղҸоԯǹ죬Ȼħ壬ǻԪЩһһӵ壡
ȻԯȸѾˣڳӷ벻³֣Ȼǵĳֶڳӷ˵Ǽ£ԯʣȸòóӷ絣ģ
ھŴ֪ڵʲôҵ㲻ҪģΪҸħ壬ǻԪ粻ͬǿ޵Ľȥģ壬ȴ壬޵壡
Ϲ˵ɾ֪޵ĽϣûһȻʵ˽е̵Ļӵд˵֮ˣǾԻʮġ
ʵĽϣӷѾǵһμˣǵھĵʱͼ˵ˣ裬Ҳǰ׾õͽܣͽһΪħޣħ޵Ͼ޵ģԽв
ȻڵޣǺĵģģǰǻԪǱߵģӵžԵܲ޽ϣ϶ǻΣյģҲħ˵ָ޽ϵķǰǻԪķڰǻԪ磬ȻƣŻ޽֮󲻻κεвͬħڸ޽Ϻ󣬻ôĸþͲö֪ˣȴһУ
ȻħǱ߸޽ϻָã͸˵ˣʣиãΪʵ£ֲͬѪϸĽһ𣬽ᵼӵʵˣʮ꣡
ԯȻ󣬵Կ϶ǣԲֻʮ꣬˵Ҳиʮ˰ɣ
ߴ˵û壬Ҳʮ꣬ΪӵеĲͬᵼͬһڲͣĿţûһȻĴڽе̣Ļӵ֮ˣǻʮġ뵱꣬תҶ֣³λһģ嵽ƯܿҶ׷ɱҲ֪˶ٵ£һֱں֮ڣ뿪һżȻĻ֮£ҵĻ壬ƮһɽеСׯһӵĺӣǸӵʱպʮ꣬ΪĹϵһ󲡣ˣׯĴ޲ߣӵΪ򣬾۷ҲǾȲġ
ԯ˶٣˵ҺǺӣΪҿǺӵĸĸΪѹַ֣Ǻӵĸ׾Ȼȫ࣬ûޣҾú֣Ϊʲô֮ĺӣ壡Ҳŵ֪ԭǸӣǶϷģɽмģʮΪǺӷǳãʵڲĿһϷް׷ͺڷˣҾ͡
ӷʵǺӶͬʱռǺӵ壬˵ڶĻ᣿
ûʱ磬ûңǰһжܺãҲûҪɽһֱɽƾ壬ָΪչǶϷޡֱ֮ǰħʼֶ磬ħ忪ʼ磬ҲûʲôöˣûǶϷ޴кֱӳɽˡ
ԭӣԯҲˣܵõ˵ʵ壬ָʵǿȸأô£ʶĿȸǲѾɵˣ
ᣡҿɲǽôܻԼӡȻҸСӣһģҲ˵ҸҿȸһÿһΪһ塣Ӧö֪ǿȸһȽرһഫ˵ԴǱӡڵģһֻܽһԴãÿһԴһֱɱܡ
Ҳ˵ʵǿȸһӡڵЩԴ㱾
˵Ҳͼƻ˵ġһʼΪǿȸһֻܽԴӡڣһνһ֣ʹһ֣ʵǾΪԼµĺ·ҲĻʱҶضҿȸһӡԴɣǸҽԼӡԼڵģǶҲҿȸһΣգ
ڵĿȸأ
ڣֻҽѹסˣֻҪҲǳġȻҵ飬ҳֺһУʮҲҪκεǣϾõķڲͬԣңֻڴҪʱŻ֣ƽҵ
˵Լʱ󣬿ȸ˵ȻħʱҲʱûҵˡ
һ£㻹Ҫһ²С
ʲô£ֱ˵ɡ
Ӧ˵ǴңҪһְҡͳ˸
ʲô
˸
ھŴپãͬʱ
ûħ˴ħѾʱжپڻֻ۷Ȼ֮ǰħڲ񷶦µħ飬ħ츳ǳյĻҪ˷ˣҪͻΪپǵˡ
˼ǣҪپǰ˸Ҳħ
ȻѾħħ飬Ҳֻ˳ˮˣַҲٶķڣλ񷶦ϴҵԭħԵƣپǰˣ硣
˵룬ǼħڵнƾͿ㹻ǰ˸ˡԭŰūڶɡ
СϾħֲڲ񷶦ħ飬ħΪǿġҲðգжͱ϶ūѾˣǾ͵һΰɡ˸ɲѽ˵ȫҪϡ
ԯ˵ǰǲ񷶦ǿڣҪͳ磬Ƕ˵ȻǷǳġֻھŴûʱеȥİ˸˳һħʱǿмܲסġ
İɡħûǵӡ֮ǰѾ˵㻰ɱһˣɵֱңͬһʱ䣬˸˳𣿱˵ħκһˣһ˷𣿡
ȷԳӷԸ˵鲻ǲᣬɾԲʱȥͬģӷȻ˿϶ħһȦףǳӷ绹ʲô
ˣץʱ䣬һͶһϾħǱߣÿһ˶ģҵħҪԽսҲʲô⡣
ǺãȻѾˣһΣͲǲ񷶦ǿˣ⽫һǿս
ӷüģüĴһ⡣
ԯȸΥ˵Ľ⣬˶еʮֵο
űָоǶôϤѽ뵱ָоԼģڣָоԼҲ̫Զ


2787 ˽㳲
پڳӷջصĵʱ򣬾Ѿȫ˲񷶦Ϊ˸ڵħ黹ûеõȫĿƣ츳ҲǳҵѪûбǰȫգӷǲһԾ͹̫ǣǰ޷ħͬǸʱ˵ħˣȻǰ໥ţֱСͬʱʵ壬Ҳᱻٵģ
ڣߴ񷶦ͬʱپˣŲӷ绹ΪǿԭԴ磬ȫûģӷҲžԵİգ
ʵڲű֮󣬲񷶦ѾΪ۷״̬ҲԴԴϵģûǵ޾ЩԵԸƣӷǴȽЩţȻһȰū۷ľ磬Լٶһ۷ֻڣһ˵ǿ󣬲˵΢ǿս֮УһˣǾ޷ȡʤģֻдҵŽǰսʤģ
Ϊ˴֣ӷ粻òȷūˣѾǳӷǿõʱˣʲôҪΪ룬Ĵ֣磬ǳӷԼһ˵ĸˣ
پȫڲϥĲãʵǰıûжģֻڣӵһ磬һŵ磬Ϊ磬ǲű֮ӷҲԽ磬Ժܶǿĵˣ֮ǰǸ࣬ڲ˿ҩħҪƽǾԲܵģȻӷ統ʱҲڲ˽ħ֮²ŻỽģȻѾ΢˽ˣպԲ԰ǻԪħͲܱκˣ׾ƽˣ
پǰ˸ڸоΣ
ӷߵپ˵мλʵ
֮ǰҪöˡѾ𽥵ĸħںˣΪǱʵޣַȥںϵĻûиһ꣬ǲܵġ
һꣿħܵһħܵһǾԲܣԣҪ죬ڽ֮ڣپˣҪħϣ
ԼʵҪħȷ˵㡣Ҳõģ죬ߴ񷶦ڴˣǳġֻҪǵ磬ͿеںħˣٶȣҲڿϺüٱ
پ˿ųӷˣУ壬ģȫʵ塣
񷶦վԼǰģȫǲ񷶦ӷĲ񷶦Ĳ񷶦ɶب֮һĴѽû뵽죬ȻͬʱԼˡ
˿̣پͻȻӷ˵ĻҲ˵ǸԼ˵ĳŵ
ڲõĽһվһȫµģߵ۷壬Ǹʱ򣬲ʲôطߣ
Ļʵӷ˵һΣɲ˵ٴΣŵʵ֮󣬻ʵֵĹ֮Уپ˶еʮֵ˷ܡ
ˣħʱչʽսһǱһսҪǧ򱶵ġڣȰǳ磬֮ҲҪȥǼλ񷶦ǣҴǵħٶȣ۷壬ΪҪħ˽⣬ٶҪ۷ľ硣
ӷɲپ˳ˣҪ쵽۷ľ磬Ϊħİ˴ħÿһıʵ۷壬ǽ޵ĹϵڵʵҲѾԽ۷塣
ħǰǿİ֣ӷҲҪСΪħ壬ӵŰ˴ħΪˣа˴񽫡ħ֮䵽˭ܴʲôҲܸԵʲôûаֵ֮֮£˭Ӯˣ˭ߣ˭ˣңʷبӮдģ
ھŴҿھͿʼɣҪ˷ʱˡɷ˵
ǺáһȴħȵѪԸħõĽϡʱǻܵޱȾ޴ʹ࣬ǾҪ鷳ǼλȻסǵСһὫԭȫ֮У֮еһͬӦǱȻиơõڡ̣ǳΣգܳκεĴǰ˸·һԣ񷶦ˡ
İɡǲᱣǣͬʱҲͷųеϣǳٶȻӿ졣
ʱ䣬ʱǳҪȲħǱߵ׻᲻жҲж٣ٶȿˣپ˵ΣҲСˣ
˵ɾ͸ɣʱˣ
ӷԲ񷶦ֱԭ磬Ѿ۵һҪеԭǿԭǰҪĶ࣬ͲҪһĿնˣеԭͻֱӴӿ
⣬еڵȴţ
ħȻˣħʮȻɱһ˭ܱ֤ħ岻ɱһΣԣ˭ʱ򶼲Ҵ⣬ʱ׼սţ
ʱգǵھŴ½գĴ½գһ·գѹƵģأʼ
ʲô£
ѵħ忪ʼ𣿡
ȫ׼׼ս
Ҫš
ū̧ͷʣ죬ԭħǵգ˿̣Ȼһͻһȱڣ⣬ͬ˳㣬ȫӿ
ԭΪǿԭҪ𣿲ѽѾ۷ˣͲˣ
ū֪Ǹʲôڷʲô£Ҳֱӽȥʡ
ڣԭΪǿԭҪѽȻǳӷ磬ҲܻĲ񷶦Ǿǡ
پǣ
ūͻȻ䷴Ӧ˹ħѾ˺Ĵ½ӷ˵ħİ˴ħҪȥӦӦǵģپˡ
ѵͬһʱ䣬پ˳磿
ūţӷѾűˣѾԽ۷ʵҪһȻûģҪͬʱ˸ǲܣֻǶԳӷ籾ģҲ൱޴ģ
ħǰʱչӷȴʱ򣬲ȥپ˳ϹǼ񷶦ҲĵģɲǸ֮ѽ
ūҲ֪ҪֹǲܵģȻӷҪ飬ԼҲֹѽ
ңˣûֱӵĶǾ˵ӷ粻ڳڰپ˳ģĵط񷶦ڣ
ˣ䱸սţȫɢһκε˿㳲һдۣɱɱɱˣҲҪֵ


2788 Ⱥ֣
Ķ򣬼ԭѾԴԴϳӿȥ˶еʮֵľȣ磬ӷҪˣһξҪͳ˸ʵ̫˵㡣ȲܰǻԪľΣ򣬻˵磬ߵľˣ磬Ҳ˵ܵģ磬۷ĴڣҲָģֻߴ츳̫ǿƽսУ̵ľǸ츳ϸԵΪΪԽߣ츳Խǿ˵ӷҪͬʱͰ˸ȷеˣ
ֽĳˣż񷶦ļ룬۷ѾˣȻûħǱ߶࣬óӷͳµʱɲС鷳
ԴԴϵԭѾֹӷ뷨ˣ
˵ΪǰǻԪ˵ȷʲôǵħΪҪ߳౶Ϊ̵ıǡ
໰δֹ꣬࣬˵ģʲô¶Ҫ˵һӷ緢ǵ㣬ǶǺܲġ
ʲôóӷ֪ǵΣǿɲǱսʽϵ㣬±ӷ֪ˣǵ֣ǵʵҲǾ԰첻ġ
˵ȷԳӷڵʵԸκһ˴ƽ֣ˣǽһǰǻԪĺޣͬС棬ħħ飬ֻҪ޲ǾˣǵޣȴÿһħʦħʿħԴҲ˵ǰǻԪÿһֻڣᾧʯǰĴڡӷһӵһᾧʯǰǻԪÿһħʦħʿӵһᾧʯϴγӷܴܰ࣬ȴ޷ܰޣӦ˵ħޣ
˵ѽ˵Ļȫ˵ˣɼȻѾ˵ˣҲҪһ¡˵ǵħսеƷڴǧ֮޵߽ħޣޣħޡ࣬ͬģֻΪڵ粻ͬҲȻͬѣǰǻԪڴǧе߻ǵħ׵ĺͬͬϾͬٲмҲѪԴϵĹϵڵĵǣһӷ֪Щ飬˵ǵħΪͼħޣ޷ס
̫ˡǵħ޸ħޣȣǾ֮ǲܶĹǵħ޵ģǵħ޾ôõ½罫ħ޸޵ϣͬһԾǾԲὫЩħ޸޷ģһţܲһƬ
ˣӷӦû֪ǧɣ
϶֪˫ӴĻסɱˡҲǳ飬Ͼǧڳӷֻϧ£һ㶼֪ʦҲû߹
ǻãӷ֪˴ǧǸӵ޼ɵˡ治֪Сʲôʺˣǧôأ
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2789 
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2790 ӷս
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ȸҹԹԴɡ浱һһ֮˫оɵ棬ֲǣ


2791 ۼ
һһһжսҲǳ䲻սϾڵǿ£ʹսǸѰ·ġħؼ֣ӷʵǿҲһֵ֮˫Ľɣ˵ڣȷǳӷȽƵģ
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ԲΪһҵıԲռȥסˡҪ֪֮ǰӷһ˶סģϾռǲڰ˱ȫ԰ǻԪħҩʦò˵˱Ǹ𲻵˿õġ
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ǰūҲͳƳӷһΪǸʱĳӷ绹ûԵʸÿūɽʱͬˣӷΪ۷壬Խ۷壬˵ȵ޿ɺǿΪǿеˣӷҲһüͷġ
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ڲűĴ˵ȥƽ⣬˵ʵû֪ôĽϾɷǼ񷶦ڵҲֻʹùһˣһ֮󣬾ҲûˣһҲֻһϹţŽħˣģҲֻǽħˣ
ڣӷҪԳԽ񷶦һˣɶĶӰ죬û֪ġ

ڳӷͷͻȻһǿĽ⣬ǻĹŻ磡
ĹŻ磬ںȴûϱΪĹŻ罻ӷһ̣Ϊ񷶦ֹɣϳӷ籾ӵŻĹ֮ԻĹŻֱӾ˳ӷΪ
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Ҳû뵽Ĺһ룬Ȼʱ֡Ҷ˷磬һŮŬ£ĻĹŻѾΪ磬ϵõһڣҲһˡ죬Ҿܵõˡ
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ħûȥۣܳȻĴڣҲܲˣ˼ҪɱԼԼǱɵģʲôأԣħֻǶԳӷ˵ˡ
ħЩʲôҺûҪ˵һЩǸĻ
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ԭĹǳ۴ģӷġںϻĹŻ磬Ҳضǳں涯ֽţԱʵͲô̵ʱںĹŻ磬ں֮ʱûĹŻ
۵ĳ֣Ƕħħ壬Ƕ԰˵һ޴вԳ۵ʱԲģӷҲ֪Լʱħ˷ӦȫԼԿЧ϶ûںõġ
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Ҳˣ֮ǰûӷܵõĹϳӷеһɲģ¾ԼˣҲǵֵסġԣǲ㻽ħ޵İҲѾıҪ
ۼӷѾúĹҲѾûʲôˣ֣ڳ˵Ͳܻȥǿһ۳ӷ磬˵ģ˫Ӵۣĵ˸вң


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סˡһдۣ˳ھŴ½
ˣħֻˣȥȳӷ꣬ħͽһ룬һˣ
ңӷ͵İ˸磬ҲѾʼչˣǰ˸һ񷶦һūӷߵɾͲˣһʱӷֱӷܹħУ۷ʵ֮⣬ˣֻ·һ
λʹߣѾסˣʲô˰ɡ
ˣȫ˳ھŴ½
Ҳû˿ԥʱϿգɲ֮䣬˰˸ˣ˸ǰ˵֮ڣǿʹİ˵ʼת䣬ֱӳħػȥ
ǰ˸Ѿɹ۷ˡǰæһʹħ˴ӷ磬ҵţ֮Ĵսûʼ
ħ򲻹ܣħ硣죬ҲϾɱģһת㱳Ĵϰ壬˵ҳӷ־ͷ٣ɱ١
ôĿ˫Ӵ۶սսʤ˵ɡ
°ܽܵĻһΣȻ˼ҹҵĵ̣Щһ
գ˳ӷ磬ӷ硣
ʵ
ħǧĳӷ֣ɲģ춯˳ӷֺ˵Ҳûֹ˳ȥԼħҪˣ
ɽģˮӷ磬ҵš
ħӷҲֻǷһЦһ仰أֱӽ˳ǰ
پʱҲѾнվ˳ӷ
лǰѾ硣
ܺáڿʼֶ˰˸Ҫħ˴ħǻǲǿģҪ쵽۷С
յ˵Ҫ۷壬ӵһ㵽ʮ㣬ôѽ
ڣӷѾӵŲöãԵõ⼸ң棬ӦҲԶˣʥ޼߲ʽԼģҲֻһʱѣ˵ģӷţҶ߲ʽܿ죬ͽԼˣ


2793 ħܣ
ħˣǺòڵھŴ½ݵأھҪ𣿡
ħ˴ħĿ˵ģÿһˣһߣϴźɫףһɫĴ磬͵װѾԴħĵλˣ
ǰħħħħʥ֮⣬ǰ˴ħĵλߡħѾתΪ˳˵ȫѱˣħҲѾˣħħ֮⣬λߵģ˴ħ
˵ħĵһħҲħ˲֮ףħ
ħսʤĳӷ𣿡
ħǰķħʵ

ǰֻҪħ磬ǾֱӿսġɽʱͬˣĲ񷶦ʵǼıԶԶǰЩ񷶦֮ϣһ۳ǸӷӲӲĻռ˿˵ġ
ħ˵ĶԣĲ񷶦ǰĵȷҪǿ౶ħ壬Ҳʾѽ˵ˣλ
졣λ飬ħһ֪߸ħ֪ħӦǻԪ飬ҿħδֻһˣ˵ҵҵֵܣλҪҪĶࡣ
лħ˵Σħһֵ̳ģһΪʦΪҪʱҲԲһüͷġħˣ˳ھŴ½ǿռҶƵġһ£ʮֵġ
㵣ĵģħɣ
ǵģħ괳ħأһЩӦ֪飬ŻᱻҵΧɱġڵħѾǳӷŮˣҵһָǰļ䣬ħܸ߳ӷ磬Ƕǿɾ͡
ܿ϶ʱػħ𣿡
Կ϶ܶ飬Ǵűġ
ֻҪشǣͲָܻǰļ䡣ڽеħ伮ѾҸˣ֮⣬κ֪Ǽ顣ȻΪħһԱѡߵ·Ҳֹ㣬ͬҲŹģ³Ӧú
ħ˷ģµģĻ˽壬²ǡ
ܺãֻҪסҸľˡû˵ʱ򣬾ͲҪƺҵħˡ
ħ˵ͷ˵ǣˣסΪСǸƺ²˵ڡ
ħҵ֮Դӽ£ΪڲͬѾӷɱĳҲǱˣ˵ְ㱨ġڣиǿĵҪԸҸӵĴڣλ˵һ޴вԣҪһдۣҸӸ
ˣһӷѾѶԸˣټһۣǸȥģ
ҲŻ˳ھŴ½ǰƵһΪӷǿ֮ǰǿƣҲֻǶе񷶦ռܰˡǻԪλѾּƵΪ˺Уһ㣬ڰǻԪħʦħʿɹ֮󣬾ͿԽзˡ
ˣʲôλ˵ȥûüֵʱǵ³ֻôأȻҲǵ˵İȫ
ħǸͱѡλѾӷˣΨһ·Ҫ밢ǻԪ磬ͱ밴λּȥʧһûϵȴʧܣλʧȥģĸ죡
ħ̾˿᲻֪ԼħʵҲֻǱõһӶѣԼħȴû˿أհǻԪλȥ
ħѾƺϾҪƵˣҶĵ̣֪ҶҶ˷ܵʲôطȥˣԿ϶ǣѾ·ߵҶҸӣҪͶħġ
ħƵ֮ҶҹΪȫµĸݵأħվߵһɽۣ֮ңԶĵھŴ½ղŸħ˵ЩǸûƵģ¶һЦ˫ַں棬۾˫۵һ̣ħ˫һţֲֻͬɫĹâγһȦΣҶҹ֮ڵһɽ֮䡣
ְɣתء
飬飬顭
޴ıըҶҹ֮Ƶħȫһ󣬵ܿ죬ͼħħǱը֮ɹȥκˣÿը֮ذ벽
һ棬˴ػǹ֮ıը໥һۣ˵û뵽˫Ӵ۾ȻתضħħֻҪתصϴ񣬾ܳΪǻԪħʦˣħޣҲΪΪġ
˫Ӵ۶ħǲ̫˵㡣תĴڶⲻţҪħΪĴ𣡡
Ⲣص㣬صǣһħɹתħ壬ΪħʦµʱӷͲĶˡ
ܰɡԳӷʵħתصϴҲѹƵסӷѽ
࣬Ҫ֪תأӵе֮һصڣֻҪǾ˾תصϴ񣬾ӵе֮壬˫Ӵ۽תظħҶĻɾ͸һ㡣
⻰ʲô˼ѵ㻳ɣħ˫Ӵۡ
ûħ˫Ӵۣпͬһˡ
˵ʲôħ˫Ӵۣ
Ҳֻ˫Ӵ۵ת
ħ˫Ӵ۵תڰǻԪǸʲôˣ˫Ӵǲͬʱߴڵġ
ҲΨһ벻ͨĵطٿɣû´Ļ˾ת֮⣬ħӦûֶΣڰǻԪ۵ֶΣ
ʵĻɺìܣħľ˫ӴۣڰǻԪ»еλǿֻ˭ʮ֮⣬˭ǿǻԪģ˵ħ˫ӴۣôܻӵоתأǸֻҪϴӵе֮ľתأ
֮壬ǵڰǻԪʮ۵ʣֻӵ˵֮壬ܳΪǻԪΪǿĴڣǻԪۣڳƵ֮ǰᾭתصϴҲʮһģҲ˵ʮһͬأκˣӵСҲ˵ҲǰǻԪʮ֮һĻǳͬӵžתأ˲ӵУ
Դ˵Ҳ֤˰Ļɣħ˫Ӵ۵Ļɣħԣ˵ֻǰ˫Ӵ۵ּ£֮ɻٳˣ
ܣһ˻֪ࡣ˵
˭
ӷŮħתħǴħأ˵ʲôŻᱻħħ˲ڣħһͬΧɱġ


2794 ħת壡
ڣϷ˵ĹƶѾˣپѾˣħػѾˣȻӷȼ񷶦ĵ٣Ҳһʤսѽ˵ӦһƬŶԵġǣڵĳˣȴ˽ţûκ˸ҿκЦ⣬Ů٣ŸģŸһ˵ͻһٱ
ôˣôˣ
Ǭմ濱оаƵģ˯вͣجΣҲܳӷôУѲ
ûأħ֮󣬱˵ۣ˯һ˯¾ͲͣجΣСѶ켱ˣϹ˵
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ڽȥҲûõġӷүǶ棬ڱڵ޲ߣʲô취ѲһֱجΣͣĺš
Ǽüͷʱ򲻹ܼıٸߣǿ𲻵κˣ
ǲǲˣҪҪҸҽʲôģ
вͣجεĲ𣿡
ôûˣܵ˾޴Ĵͻ᲻ͣجΡο꣬͸˵ģȴ絽Ըһս˵ںϻĹŻʱʲôҲһ
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ڣѱ˯еıͷ󺹣ǷһȫڷڲͣĺţֻûںЩʲô
ӷ磬취ѽôˣΪʲôѷǳżΪһĸףԼŮܵʹ࣬ľҧƵġ
ӷڳڲͣ߶ţ˵ʵа취Ļӷˣ
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ֻǸû֪ʲôطղųһ£һĺĹ֮ˣ
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Ǹô죿ѵͿűһֱȥ𣿡
ӣֱֻӴݻٱξˣĻľ񣬾ͻܵ˺
Զɽ˵ģϷסľֱӽξݻٵ
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ѿɲóӷɲǱˣԼŮκΣնеġ
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۽Ѿ̾˿еһʧ䣬˵ҲȰ֮ԻںϻĹŻʱ϶ֽţ
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Ϊ֪һħܣŻᱻħ˲ΧɱģܣǶң㣬ǳң磬һؼԵá
ܣħܣ
ţֻҪҹξͿԻָˡղһ㣬ҪñָͲˣķҲֻһΣˣͻԱľϵͳֱӵ𺦡
ۣղ˵֪ħܣʲôܣ
ҲǺñָǰļ䣬ȷһ¡񣡰Ҳգħþɡӷ磬׼ӭսħ֮ǰǿ󡣡
ӷԶɽ໥һۣӭսħ֮ǰǿʲô˼ħ֮ǰѾõħѾԸӷһϸѽΪʲôҪǿˣ
֣ǲ֪Щʲô
Լȥɡ
˵ֱ꣬ӳȥӷ缸˸ں棬ѱ𱬱Ҳ˳ȥ
ֻƵķ򣬾ǿĹâϣ֮Уγһɫʺš
ʲô
ӷ翴Ǿɫʺţޱ֮ǿ󣬶һԼûġ
Ǿ԰ǻԪħǿһ֡ħתʣһɹֽϰٱǸʱʣͲħˣ˰ǻԪΪǿһʣΪ֮塣
֮壿
û֮壬ǰǻԪʮӵеĶʣһӵʣħͻԴԴϵ
Ǹػ˵˫Ӵۣ
û˫ӴۣǰǻԪĵʮһε֮ǰֹʮεÿһεӵŵ֮ģһ֣ͽǻԪ磬ΪһߡڵǣħͲǰǻԪˣΪʲôܹӵе֮壬Ҹղ˵ģħܣܣħԼ֮⣬ҲֻбŻ֪ˣҲŻַñָǰļġֻϧ̫嶯
֣˵ħûпܾǡ
֪˵ʲôҲһ뷨ǾԲܵģħ˫Ӵ۵תĻǻԪʲôˣͬʱֵģ
ػ
ӷ磬ʲôˣħҪת֮Ҳûô죬ûɹ֮ǰߴۼ֮һôġ
˵ˣûƬ̵ĶȻԹ߳ӷԣħת֮󣬶ȻһĴڣ򣬳۲Ҫ˽ţӱϵ֪ħܣ


2795 ʨԪ磡
ʮȥˣʮ֮ڣħ廹ػһ㶯ҲûУ˷ڳ۵֮ÿһ˶ǳţҲӷڡħȻת壬ӵаǻԪǿʣһвѽħɹת壬вǿ֪ġ
ʮӷѾ㲻ħȴȥ֮ǰħֹپ˳ڣֵӷһˣֹħת壬ӵе֮С
ڳ۷棬ʮҲʲô˫Ӵ۵飬۱ҪС
һƬ޾أ磬һصԭǱԭҪ౶Ϊħ
Ǵ˵еİǻԪ磬һУȫƯڰ֮еģ·һ޵ĶضƯڰ֮У֮£һƬԨһƬ׵ԨԨ֮УԴԴϵħƯҲ˵ǻԪħǴԨӿģжϹҲܻжϣ⣬ƬԨֻͨͨԨ֮Уֳһ⣬һ㣬ǻԪͨȫر
ԨƯڰеĴ֮䣬һɽĵ񣬵ϵʮͱƻˣɽѺۣɽ񣬾ǰǻԪĴ󣬶ǰ֮ǰͱ˸ƻˣƻ֮˲ǱˣǴ뿪ǻԪλǻԪʮħʦ֮ף֮Ϊʦĳۡ
˿̣ڴԱߣȻ漣ĳһѷ죬ѷ֮УһС͵ıըը֮ڣһ⣬Ԩֱ֮ӳƯڰеĴأ
ΥˣǻԪ磬ҵļ磡
λڰǻԪ߿գݺ֮أĳ֮أĳ֮أֻϧѾˣ
죬عع磬۵һڴжûУһ㻳ɸжûУеģֻǶĲĻҲ
һͽˣ֪ǰǻԪ磬Ǵǧ֮ףҳ˵پͻٵ˵ģ
˫ңԶʣǱߣ½ǻԪ磬ȫ½ҵĿ֮¡
ֻΪ֤һ°ˡɣȥɣ治֮Ļع飬һ֮ս
̾˿ûΣֱӳ½λ÷ȥ
½һɳĮΪĴ½ʮ֮ŵΪɳĮûޣûɽҲûк󣬿ΪֶӵĻɣŻﵮޱ֮ħǿߣĿʦ˫Ӵۣ֮ǰܾõĺüδۣȫǵ½ģ
һɳϿֹͣҲ˵һɳ񹬵Ҳ½ĻڣѾ»ˡ
Ϊһ˫ͷЫӣޱȵӴΰħʦħʿۼ档
ۻΪһ⣬ֱӽ˹ڣҲЫͷλãΧеʿħʦħʿͳͳΧգ֮䣬ͽ۸Χ
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˵ĻǱߵˣȴĶ

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ԹԣʲôѽҲ̫ǿ˵ɣһͽе˸סˡ
ħޱߣҵȲǸµĶ֡ɼȻ˫ӴȻҪ˫Ӵ۵İɣϣ²ҪЩʿΪѡ
ߣЩʿȻֱΧɱǿߣǴ򲻹ֻǷˡ
˵Ļû𣿹
һ֣޼ɵָûǻԪ㡣

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ۿһɽеȨȣ˵СӣĲѾ༶ˣⰢǻԪ磬һ֮£֮ѽ
ˣڸµǰҲֻǸСӰˡ
ʵڣǰɽһ֪ʦòû˼Ĵ˶Ѿˣɽȴһ۾ϳۣɼڵʱľɻңҲһ˫Ӵôݵ
ǽͷ˵ȷʺκһʱȥҰҲСԲǾɻңν»ң㶼ǶСӣøҼסˣػһֽģҽػͬʱǵļˣҲҵı֮ڡ
·ģΪ֪ػԱļи±ӣǲû˺ǣһٸӣҲѽ£ҲӦ֪ʱͬˣܶ飬Сҿ
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۰˰֣˵ˣѾõҪĴ𰸡Ȼϣ˫˫ӣ˫֮ӡһħһ˫ӴۣҽȲƽˣ˫ӷ壬ģ˫ӽϣҵ뿴˫ӴۣǰʮδΡ
˵꣬תˣͲܺκ˵۹⣬˫Ӵ֮ڣһϵҲȥᡣ
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ûлӦֻǷһЦϵѹȻԨȥ
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ɽһǿħʱ֮䣬رɫӿ˫Ӵ֮⣬ܵУ
ǣʨ
ɽ˵һеƣһ˵ƣҲʧˣ
ɳƿɽ󷵻˫ӴıӰ˶ԭأη˵еġʦ


2796 ʨӴۣ
ʦǰǲѾ˫Ӵ۵飿
һǰۻûȥħˣΪ˶֪ħ˫Ӵ֮䣬״һôĹϵ
ţĲûħ˫Ӵۡ
ʲôǰ㣡Ϊʲô
˫˫ӣһ˫塣
˫壿ʦ˼˵»ҵǸ˫Ӵ۸ħģ
ûʵڰǻԪУ˫Ӵ֮⣬һҲһ˫ģǾ˫ۡ
һû뵽Ҳ벻ʮУȻһ˫Ĵۡӣ˫Ӵ۵һתΪħƻģ
˫Ӵ۲ûתΪħ
໥һۣ˫ӴûתΪħڵħǡ
⣬ħħ֪ܡ뽫ħǰļ份ѣֱӴĿе֪ġɻħ䱻ҶӸҸ׸ƻˣֻһ˰ǻԪ磬֣ħصϢǻԪ˫Ӵ۵Ϣһġħ˫Ӵһתڻ֮֮ǰǲӵ˫Ӵ۵Ϣģ֮ǰȷˣҶҲȫоˡ֤ʵħˣ˫Ӵɱڵħ˫ӴðģħʱҲӦǷܣŻᱻ˫ӴħշΧɱ
˵ԭħˡħתΪʦŮʵҵ֣Ϊħģ
ûѽ˫ӴðħºħҲҶӵɱһħֵܣһ˫ӴɱһҶɱһħָ˼䣬治֪ᷢʲô¡ҶƻҰħָṆ̀ҳңҪˣ
뵽ʱее㷢ëħתңõģҪΪħģ棬ӷȴɱħԼ֮ǰļƻɹħָǰļ䣬ʲô飬ǿɲǳܹƵˣ
ңѽҳһ֣ɱǧ磬ǻԪڡɻҵŮǹҲᱼģۣ޹أϾǷҶӵģǷӵѾ̫ˣǷŮģһˣʧܵ˼ˣ
̾˿˵ʦڵӣҲᵽԭԵܴһУǿĵʦ㣬ǻԪ͸ϷƵģϣҲ޲ѽ
ֺγǡİɣɽ󲻸Ҷǵļɱ֣˫ӴڸӲġֻħϾҪתɹˣ֮ħ͵ǰ˫ӴۣҶֽһѵĴս
ʦһ£һֱ֮ǰֲʡ
ʣǧɣ
ǧ£֪ʦаţôǧתӵġ֪ǣʦǲʨӴۣ

۷һЦ˵ʨֳƿʨһǵĿʦ˵ҾӦʨӴۣΪİɣ
˵˵ͷɰȴ˵ΪҪǣŸ˫ӴƥеʵҪ˫Ӵ֮ϣ㣬ǺģΪǰڣûǰ¶Ҳ˵ʵһԣû֪жǿǰ˵ΪǻԪʮħʦ֮ףм֪ʵͲǵʦ֮ڣΪǵĽһʦ֪ߵغսɱʮħʦһȻȻľͽλʦʼٸ߸˽ȥ
ص̾˿˵ұһҰףңκأһָգ
뵱꣬ǵʨҲֻһ֮ңˡ˭֪һսϯǣҼ԰һŭ֮£һһɱķ⣬ʬǳɽӴˣͳ˿˵ʨ£ɽӣ˸ǣ˸ᡣǵ갢ǻԪǵʨһһնɱ·ŴڼƵ
ۿһЦ˵ֻϧҲǣҲǡһδۣƹܴǧǲܹʤεġν縡ƣǶӣҰģֶιӲḾ֮ʣȾָǧǱ
໥һۣͬʱųۣʵʦ˼˵ʨӴǡ
ʨΪʨӣΪӣϵʨӣǵʨ֮ӡΪʨӴۣʲôֵأ
ɵĵʦӷ磬ûе֮ɣ
֮壿Ҫ֪һѾ߱ĵ֮νʣѾʲôˡ˵ˣ˵֮أҲֻʵǰˣûûдǧ򣬾ʲôǡ
ûĳӷ磬Ѿǲ֮ĵת˫Ӵʲô˵֮⣬ʲôûУ
˵ˣӦ֪εǲͬһʱֵġҸ˫ӴۣͬһʱڵȻʱصķǳȴԼоĴڣҲΪʲôҵ뿪ǻԪҪԭΪҲ˫Ӵ۵õӵдǧ򣬱ϾǻԪ磬ֻʮۣ˫ӴǵʮһΣҰҲйģһõУͻ᲻һеɱʮδۣͳΰǻԪ磬ͳδǧ硣
ʵѵʦǸʱ򣬾Ѿ㵽ʮεʨӴۣĶӣ
ʱû㵽Ҳĵֻ֮һҲĸоҽĶӣǵʮεʨӴۣԣҲŻᰲΪ֮תֱӵдǧ֮󣬰ͨ˵²ɣʹ࣡ͬʱҲ𽥵ӵһУΣͬʱΪһλŵǱʵˡ
ۺìܵı˱۾˵ΪһףҵȷǲϸǷģʵ̫ˣСû飬ĸеģֻǲʹĲһУҲҹⰲŵġ˵һˣǲǺʧܣ
˵ʦܳͽοʦҪ͵ģһλͳǧĵ֮⣬֮⣬ʵ磬Щ磬鰢ǻԪ½Ļͳ졣ǻԪ綼˫ӴѾסǧ硣ڣ磬һȫ½λڴǧ֮ڣԣ¾ֻ磬˫Ӵ۵ĹϽֻҪ˫ӴֱۣӽְǻԪ磬ǧˣ
ѽֻ粻˫Ӵ۹ܣҲŹġôʨӴۣ絮ɡ
ʦػѾµѡ񡣡
֪ǵѡʲôǸûҪ
ǡ
ˣǻǸɣϾ˫Ӵ۵ֶΣڣû¶СĽΪ
תͷƺ˵ʦӿʼ͵Ϯħˣ
ţȥɣȻ޷ֹħת壬Ҳ֮ʵ˵ʲô£


2797 жԴ
ҹƵϵħҪȰĸʢ˵Ĵ½ħȫۼƵħҪһпõۼת֮塣
Ƶϵħ˵˭һضᱻħģɳ˵ȴڲ֮ı֮£һĿƵ
ӷ磬ǿһѽһСģɾͶزȥˡ
Ϲ˵ĻʱȫûǸҪӷ֪ħתʲô֮壬Ҫʱ͵ϮΪʲôħת֮أԳӷڵʵ˵ͲҪκεв
Ȼӷûн֮ǿκˣֻᶯҡģֻǸϹҵˣ֮ʮǿò
뵱ϹΪ˵Ĵ֮飬Զһֻ֣ôϹҲǿһֻսǾܾ˳ӷԲð޸ϹҵΪˣûģһỹºֲҲҪ
ϹԸ˵ֻǵʱ͵Ϯֵöѣһ˵оİΧһʮսţҪƵˣ
ңʲôʱˡ͵Ϯʲô˵ģ汻оΧڵʵҲɱΧġ
ǬϹҵ뷨ȫͬҲΪƴţɣ뾡콫ⳡսеĵȫΪƴţԸǰԸƴţվһߵ۷壡
ӷ˵ЩҲ˵ֻǲǶѡҿԸǣħҪתĵ֮壬Ұ֣ĵģ
ϹŴ͡һʵղ˵ʲôûɣڸҿЦģ
㿴ҵı飬ڸ㿪Ц𣿺ˣôϻȻˣǽһҪֹħתɹ͸ϴֹپǳһǿɲʧܣһдۣҪģǾԵĳɹ
ϹҶ˶ģ֮壬۶ĵģɼǿһôĳ̶ȣͬһ͵ûû֪ŶɱȻרңڶĵǱȻǲɴ⣬ӵģ
ƵϵħΧҪ֪Ľ룬Ͳܣ⣬Ҳ֪ħڵλãҪһطȥҵĻƵޱӴģǰĵ綼֪Ҫ˶ٱħҲǲܵģ
㲻õģһСʱһСʱҾͻ֪ħڵλãҲҳһǱƵ·֮䣬ˣȫκˣ˭Ҹұ¶ҵһ
İɣѾ˶˺ףûҶġ˵
ȣ˭Ҳ˵ˣȫҵš
Ϲ˵֪ҶҸܵʲôطȥˡӷ磬֮ǰ˵Ҷ߲ʽԹΪʲôһ㶯ҲûУУ峤ܵʲôطȥˣɻԼء⣬ľء
˵㻹ûˣڿɲ˵Щʱ˵һû˵ư͡ţˣôλãһ⣬һģ
ⲻΪ˴Ҫ֪ûߴʱҲһӮʤѽ
ң㻹ȵǱߴȥҺú룬ôƻħת֮ɡ벻ʲôð취
ɣⶼѾƵˣ㻹û뵽Ըħİ취ֵѽѽҪҰһ롣
ﵷҡǬһߡ
ӷںƣϹһ첻֪ԴʲôҩŮƵģ
ҹʲô𣿡
ͻȻһϹҳˣ
ӷڸӵƣʲô
ϹϹңе˵ȥ˰ɣôԼѽ
ðӣѾм
Ϲһŭû¶ˣ
ס֣壬ˣʱ𣡡
ӷղŻûϷȻϹңһǴƤѧı
ôҵıɣӶû
վס
ϷҪˣӷͻȻһ˵а취ˡ
а취
ʵòҪħ˰ɣⷽвͨħ³˲ٿˣðǵˣħһģһ֣ǿɾͶѽ
ɱˣħһзġħأ
ħӷ⼸˼ѽ
ôЦħת˵Ǹʲô֮壬ħһָ֪˴ħڰأҲһӵʱðħ͵ʯͷԼĽ𣡡
ߺߣҲҪðħңħǬҶƣ峤Ҷ˷磬ǣˡҪ棬㣬ЩˣǶһսмˣǾжԴҡڵĽƵ
ɫʮѿ˵ǣħѾˣҲð䣿
ȻҪ棬档˲ܸѽ˵ˣħħʥ֮һֻҪħû˵ˣħ˸˵𡣡
ҶҸӸأǿǱħģȥǲ𡣡
ͶѽȻҶҸӲ֪䣬ǾͰһѣðȥͶȥħϴ˵һʱͳһħأҲħ峤񫡣
Ϲƣ˵ðˣǸճõСޣӷ磬ⲻҿɽĺá
ɽһ֣ϾͻᱻħΧˣǻƨɣ
ұɣħ治ʺң
˵ħħħЧͻġ
Ϊʲôѽħˡ
ң߶û˼ǰħʲôӣȻħҲð䣬ħʥۼͱϻˡϽģɵģϱҪңǲᣡ
Ϸ嶼ѧԴ˿ѧԣʱκ˶κνˣ
Ǭɫ԰׵ʵأҽеӡҿǻҰɡ
ҲУָȫҽ˴㡣
ңָȫЦˡ
Ҳϻˡ
˵ָȫѽɡ
Ͳָȫˡ»һ£Ҫǣ佣콣ڿԵеġ
Ҳѽ
ҲϻϽ
ǸҪ˵ӷ˵㲻ָȫҲ°ڽڿԻȥˣʮսţ׼Ӧǣ
ӣû˵ҲμѽҲμӣǱھͱ䣡


2798 ϰս
ܿ죬ӷյϢ֪ħڵλãֻϧͨħ֮ص·ħҪ֪ĹȥǲˣӣжԴҪеˣ
ҶҹĺɽըһӵžɫĳħҪǸɫھŴεϴתΪ֮塣λ׼ûУ
ӷŹȻǿǱӪȴܲκε˷شħ֮Ҳûбħԣǵõ˳ӷĲ֮壡
ϹҼ֪ӷô֪ħ֮صģܣֻһ˲˽ɣ
ӣǲǴǣ
ӷ˵ͷǵھĵʱ򣬳ӷһںڰеĴ̿ͣɱ֣ЩˣǳӷţֻǴ뿪ĵڣǶû¶棬ԭǱӷ齨ţҲ˵һ֧Сֶӣ
Ӧ÷ĵط׳ƵⲿӣҲ˵ֲӣӷͶһж׼ˣ׼ûУθôǿĵ˶Կ
ˣ˵ץʱ䣬Ҫħת֮֮ǰֹ
ӷѾħϹҲħֱ˫֣Ǳˣһȫ˳ӷָˣ
ҶҶ˷磬峤Ѿλˣ

ӷԱһֱû˵Ķ
ʲôԸ
㿴ţǺΪϵ֮ħһɵģҲΧĺ顣Ǹʱ򣬾Ǻֵʱˣʲô취һõ˷ҾĴڡ
İɣκε˷ֵġ
ܺá⣬ƣǶˡڿʼǾѾԼˣðʲôԸʲôƢǶӦڣǾϷȫˣƭеĵˡ
ףȻѾˣǾðɡ
ãϵɡңƵģħƢԸ෴ţ裬Ҫκ˷еǰ·ʵڲеĻͰմţ죬Ū˾Ϳˡ
Ϲץץͷ˵Ҿɡ
ǾһҪݺã⣬˵ġ
ӷҲ˵ʲôʱŴҶӦִ磬ϵ֮ʲôʲôʲô˵ʲô˵ÿһ˵ﶼӦи
ʵʮսţûȫۼһ𣬿ūĴûֱӿƵƵ֮⣬ֻȳӷһ£ٹϵȥҲԴӦϡ
ϵ֮󣬳ӷ˾Ѿоϵħ֮ǿΧҲѾһԶԵħʿѲߣӷħӣ޼ɵĳķ򣬾ۼΪܼķȥʲôС·ٵĵطĻԵˡ
վסʲôˣ
ǰһ֧ʮ˵ħ飬Ѿ˳ӷˣֱӾΧ
ɵ֧һȻħһסˡ
ħˣô
ӳԼ۾ħӦڵչ𣬶һ´ģκˣÿĺɽչصģ˴ħȫǱ߻ôħչ֮ɲѽ

ӷŭһһħӷȻǽĴҲǿԷֿʹõġ
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ʲôطѵЩһ׼𣿡
ħˣ²˼ֻ֮ǰ
֮ǰʲô֮ǰչ̫ۣɢɢѡЩһҺúѲߣܵʲô
ʲôбչ̫ۣħٳӷǿУչض˵ǱȻĽУôܻ˵̫Ļأ
ʵڳӷ˵仰ʱҲˣħҪת֮壬ڵӦΪ˷ܵʱ򣬾Բһ˿ƣġ
Ҫȥչˣһ񣬺úѲߣ͵Ϯˣʡ
ǣħˡ
ӷҲϻСɫҪǳףֱӳħչصĵطȥҲҶʲô
ڳӷ缸뿪һħʿ˵ӳе㲻Ծѽ
ʲôԾģ
ղŸħһģǲħˣ
Ǹǵġ
ħ˲һսʱӷɱΪʲôֻ˹УҶ峤ΪʲôͻȻħ˵ߣ
ͷĶӳһ£ͻȻһ˵ãϵˡղǸͲħˡ쾯ǡ
ৡ
ӳ˵꣬ǬĸֵͻȻǵʣ֮䣬ʮ˵Ķˡ
˸ۣȻɾ鷳ˡ
ƸǬվһ˵ϽЩʬ崦һ¡ǻҪǡ
á
ȥҲǰ취ѽôһ֧СֶӶֲܷԾǰߣ鷳ԽԽġӣǸǷֿ߰ɡ
ֿ
ǵġǾͱЩħʿӡ
Ǭһ£˵ҲãΪ·ȥħһ·ˣһ·лᡣ
ǬƱħʿΪһ·һӷ֮ǰĻˣҲ˵·ȥħͶһᣡ
ӷ缸ѾһӪǰҲѾʱҪ̽ӦԲߵġ
ôûϹʵ
ÿˣǲˡ
ʲô˼
һǱħʿһ·ħ֮ˡ
ˣҲ̫Σ˰ɣһ֣·ûС
ȻˣҲֹˣڷȥǣֻᱩ¶ԼħҲɵϣղŲƷӦ죬ȥǶʿɱˣѾ˰Χˣ
ô죿ֱӳȥǡ
𼱡
ӷ˫һת˶ĴУ˵Ǳж
ǲǬ
ǡʵǬ֮ϣңǱˡ
ʲôˣӦòħˣҲ˵֮⣬ǱƵ
ûҲǵˣһ۷塣
۷壿
Ϲ̾˿˵ϼˣҶҶ˷磬ˣ
ûļһôʱ˹ǣǸһֱƵϣ
ӷ磬ڹܲôˣǧܸϣȻǴɡ
ϧѽһ·ȻûʲôҲǱѽҶ۷壬ֲܷ𡣡
ǷˣǸô죿
ģȻǷǣûжǶ֣Ǿ˵ҲǱ¶ΪֻҪһ¶ǱضǲһеսҲһһɣֻҪҶǲƻǵĺ£Ҳ͵ûзǡ


2799 ׼ѻ
֮ףһץסһӣǷŭӣٸˣǹôãǲǲˣ
Ӻ޹ѽèĹܵƺɾģ˭װүأɻʱɣӲҪؼʱ̲űв
£ĸвӣŲӲˡ
ԣҿɸ㣬ӷǱ߿ɼѻǹڰСʱĻǺԸɡ
ѽģپ˸ճӷͻȻһҪԼһѻǹҪԭʹõģһ˿ĺͬʱҪܵԭѻǹÿһǹʱ˿𻵣⻹Ҫһԭӵô̵ʱڣⲻҪԼС
ҲʲôطˣطҸ޷ħʱɱģҿһȽϰȫĵطҰɡ
ٸһסСʱСûҾͰ㶪ϵȥô
ҲֻǱвŻˣľѻǹҪӷϵ֮ǰѾӵľۼǹã£һϵȥٴ佣콣ʱڵϲ½
˵佣Ѿûʵ壬ʶ˵ҲԼ뽣Ĳ֮ˣӦòʲôġȻΪҪǣڽ˵ûܹȥ佣ģܲܽԯ佣λã½ɣҲ̫С˵㣡
ӷҪϽѻǹȻõģΪϵ֮Ͽħڵλǲܵģӷ缸Ҳһ㶼¶һ¶ǾҪڵϴһսˣڰս֮УԳӷ缸ΪģǾѻսԣѻǹԭԶ̾ѻõġ
ƵϣҶҶ˷磬ˣʵҲڲ֮ǰϵģϵ֮ǰͷ˳ӷˣֻûнǸ¶ˣҲûֱӶԳӷ˵֣ǴεսۣӷֶΣҶҾھֻʣˣһʱ򱨳ǱضᾪħģǶҶҸҲûκεĺôħ壬ܲʱ˵仰ãħ͵ʲô鶼ûɡ
ףҪӷǵĵѽ
Ҷ˷ĻĹŻ类ᣬڣʲҶҾȫûһУǰݳӷȴҪӷ磬Ҷ˷ʵڲġ
ãڳӷħ֮䣬˭Ҷʵ
ӦòɡħԸ˵֮ǰһŹǵģһлᣬͻȽǸڳӷ磬ĵħڷҲڵϣɵԸǡ
ǾͶˡ˵ĵˣѡǸӷ֮䣬õĵˣħ֮䣬ħʱὫǸҲҪȥͶħģȴħΪˣһβңٴβãһ߲ʽһ£ǻ·һ𡣷ǳӷ磬ҲҪۼģΪ˶ԸħȻΣΪβӷأȽħġ
ĵȷ꣬ǲħսҲӷ翪սõһŵˡֻףҪôӷǣ
ǴڻңҪ֪ڰǵģɲҪɱ۵ʱ򷴹һ򡣡
ӷ𣿡
֮󣬲šˣ׼ӷðħðǣܿͻᱻħ巢ֵģǸʱӷǾ⼸ϵܻħӲƴȻսλսҲʱ򣬳ְӷǡ
飬飬顭
ϡ
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ʱ򣬳ӷ缸ڵķѾһĴ
ɣ˵ʲôšôͱˡӣӷЩˣαװĻѽ
ҶѾ׼Ǿֻܰӷˡ
ӷһǼ˳˴Уʵ˭ʲôôͱ¶ˣ
˵ӣҲãһûסɱһˡ
㡭
ڴǳӷ磬ȥɱۡ
ӣҴȷ棬ɱһѪ·ǳ˻ȥ
ɱͷһ
ౡ
һĺڹ⣬˹˾޴ƻ
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еĴӣеĹȫֵĻͱճ
磬嶯ϻ
ǽ˻Լߵ٣ԵģħӲƴĻǿɾ͵ģһħʱɹת壬¾ӷ磬ҲɱΧ
ˣû͹֮ǰ˭Ҳܿħڵλáǣ֪ͨҵĻȥ
ǣӡ
ҹûҵɱȥңȥѵȫ֣Ƭַǳ޴棬ûôҵǵģοɲսģҪСӮʤ֣ܲܲ潻棬;סûУ


2800 ־ѻս
ϹѾ˴֣еȫ棬ϣŵˣѾӷȫΧ˴ֵм䣬ȥӷɱһѪ·ĻͲܵħ֮ء
ͬʱҶҹĺɽŵγɵĲʺѾԽԽǿˣȥʱħͽתɹ˵֮壬ǺǲģĿǰĳӷ˵޷ǻԪĵ֮忹⣡
ӣٵˡħǱߵԽԽǿٵȥ¾޷ֹˡ˵
ֱɱȥĻħͻԴԴϡڻܽǵϵϾֻһˣҪسܱػǱ߸ǵѣ
Ǹô죿ѵۿħת𣿡
Ҳֻǽһɱһˡ
顭
ʱ򣬳ӷ˵ĺ󷽣ͻȻһɱըĵˣڱը֮УвͣĲҽ
˭ӺɱˣϹʵ
ǵˡ
ƸǬ𣿡
Ӧòǣ̫ǿ󣬲
ôӷ翴ź󷽵ıըǵ۷ѽ
ҶҸӡ
ʲôӣ˵Ҷ
û۷壬߲ʽ
Ҷʲô˼
˵ڰǴԮ
ЦˣҶҸ֪ƵѾħռˣȴܻͶħģôܻᷴأ
ӷ˵ԣҶڰǣڰͻΧû´ĻӦ֪ħǲŹǸӶ˵ģڣǸӶˣһҪǵֳħΪħҪɱǸӣҪɱħֻɱħ֮ǸӾǰȫģϾ˫ս˭˭Ӯ˫ǳ󣬸ûȥǸӶˡȻҶȻϣӮġ
ǲҪҶҸӵɱȥ
áҶҸӾ飬ʱ֡ǣ߲ʽڱصõģԣ飬Ҳ졣
ӷЦһҶҸɱȥɣǽħȫԼߣȴʱ˵ġ
ֻϧħĿǳӷ磬ħ˴ħʱҲϹˣӷõĻᣬŹ
ӣǲҶҸ飬ǾͻԽԽΣյġǱѾа˹ǿ߿ˣƲӾͻᵽٶȻǺܿ죬Ҳ˵ڱ߿ôԸǡ
ӷ˵ͷЦǾͼҲ쵽ˡ
治ףʱǻǸ
ңܶ飬ܹ⿴档ӱϿǵȷǱΧˣֻ¸ϵǽУͲǵجˣħجΡ
ϹҼ˶֪ӷﵽڴʲôע⣬ɼȻӷҪڴУħΧǱض׼ġ
һ棬£ǣ佣콣ҲѾϵˣǸоǱ߳ӷ缸ѾŰΧסڸ벻ôֱ࣬Ӿ͸Ϲȥ
ǣҸղŽľѻ㶼˰ɣ
±һڰڣװż֧ѻǹԼһ֧һ֧
Ӧûʲôġ
Բ⡣ѻսɲͬһƴɱҪһһûͻֱӱ¶ǵ֮أֱΧɱġ
ǽеľѻǹһ̧ӵã顱һԶһϵһʯ˷飡
ô
ܺáὫ˵ͷǿʯֻͷĵط
ڻĵľУҪһϸľѻ֣ҲҪʱ䣬žԵ츳СҪһǹǰǹ˵Ҳʱɡǵһǹֵطֻ˵һ¾ѻķˣԲ츳Ƿͨˡ
ˣھͽ֣ѻ˵ͷĿӷǱ߿
УҶҸӻڰӷ˵Ļħȴ֧СֶӳǱ߾ۼȥһҲûġ
ףӷʲô˼ǣȴһ㶯ûУ
ߺߣӣӷǲǵѽ
ҿǲ⣬ħİΧֶˣǾ˵ֻҪǲͻΧ߾Ͳֹͣħ˵Ŀǳӷ磬ֻҪǲͣİӷɱ·ħҲԴԴϹġ
ǳӷĴ֮ҪԸħ壬ͬʱҲҪԸǣΪڵ٣Ƴӷͽеħˡ
ףҿȥӷ˵һɣȥҲǸ취ѽ
ȥҳӷ磬Ǿ͵ˡǰɱУҪȥͻΧԵ̫Ц𡣱ܳӷôģӦ顣
ӷͻΧҲ߲ˡħһӷֱܵħô룬һΪѾͶ˳ӷ磬һŭ֮£Ҫɱĵһˣˡ
㲻õġӷʲôע⣬Һ߲ʽѵӷͲҪ𡣡
׵˼ǣӷ֮Ƹ׽߲ʽ͸
һĿİɡ˵ôˣħѾɱˡ
еľѻǹͣĳ˵ͷǵ˵ͷһһɷ顣
ӷǹһϲ˵ӹȻӣѻǹˡ
ѻǹϹʵӷ磬ò־ѻսɣ


2801 ͱҶӣ
ûǰصʱҾ뵽˾ѻǹԭʹã֮ϽԭӵܳܵסԭӵľѻǹڣѾѻǹϵˣղŵǹ֤һС
ûþѻǹѻˣǸͨľѻǹ̹ʲôѽͲܸ˺ģ
ԭӵһǹԴ򱬵˵ͷȴ˺ֻҪԼֱӾѻ˵ħ飬Ǿ͸һǹǵСһģȫһǹһ
ǵûǵϽľѻǹڣѻǹܳܵס𣿡
ӷһֻ֣УʮС͵ѪɫʯѪ⣡
ʲô
磬ĽᾧʯҽĽᾧʯָһЩᾧʯھѻǹϣȻǵͨᾧʯתԭӵУһǹһ⡣
ӷ罫еĽᾧʯַϹҼˣֻһͿԿʼѻжˡ
ӷ֮Ϊ˾ɱˣͬʱҲҪ־ɱֶΣԵá
˵ɱڵ磬ǷǳձһְɱֶΣɷǿߵͲһˣûֹɱ˵ַ˵ɱ˲ۼѽԽǲɱֶΣڵ˵á
Ϲҵ˵ͷ֪ӷĿĲΪɱˣѻǹٶ࣬һǹҲֻܾɱһѽħڵܲܿžѻǹһɱɣĻҪɱʲôʱѽӷַֻħ壬ԼɱֶΣħԶ󲻵ĸ
ģ͵ڲһǽȲ˵սʱ򣬾˵ɣħһ֪ҲסģǶת֮壬ͻʱ䣬ʱܣһ˳͵ڷתʣӷͲϵħġ
ʵ˵ˣӷյĿģھɱϣҲǴһ־ѻսڴһսħĴңӷεĿģҲʹһˣ
󷽣ҶҸӸˣڲͣŵˣɳӷȴΪȻæǾ;İɣҶҸӵ飬ҳӷǲġ

ʲôԸ
ѾڿˡһȥӦǡҪסֻǽӦ򲻿սΪһͺоİΧ֮УƬ̵ͣزˡ
Ϲ˵İɣǲսġ
áȥɡ⣬ǣ֪ͨ˵ǿǷǳòˣҶҸӵǲ죬ҲҪһǡ
ǿЦһӷ˼ǺףⲻҪҶҸӵıͱ𣬶һƸǬȥͱ
ǲᵣƸǬȥͱҶҸӵĵӻΣգΪҶҸоԵʵƸǬɱǸ𣬾Բҵġ
ã֪ͨǡ
һ棬ϹҸѾɱһѪ·ڵλøϹȥܿ죬ҵˡ
£սϸߡ
áǣ佣콣ߣϺ󡣡
Сһ㡣
ϹҶôɱģھôɱȥ
ľѻǹ飬һǹһͷֻ޷ȫ˺ֻǵħˡ
ͷˡӷǵᾧʯᾧʯھѻǹϣԼͨᾧʯΪתԭӵֱӾѻ˵ħ顣ϹҽӷĽᾧʯָ¸ǡ
ܺãⶫǾˣһǹһ
ͬʱƸǬҲѾյǴϢͬʱƵҶҸ˵
ûУ۷壬߲ʽˡҪԸģҶѽ
ָҶҸǱ˵ڣħڲͣΧҶҸӡ
ھ͹ȥҪٵһɣǶɱٳ֡
ûǸҪħЩСɫȫǸӸɱˣǣҲһôûеģֱӹȥһֹҶ˷磬û˻ĹŻ磬ֻ۷һģ͵Ϯ͵ֵס
ע⵹ûҶ˿ɲǳصġ
⻹򵥣͵ϮҶ˷ʱֱԱţҶֲɵӣҶɱ𣡡
ǬЦһйģ͵Ϯ˵ĶӣҪӵվű𶯣ⶼʲôʲôѽҶԹԵԼĶӱˣɱ
ҲǬ˵ʲôֱӾͳҶ˷˹ȥ
ˣڴˡ
Աˣ
ҶҸһ˵ˣΪǳӷ翪ʼԼ飬Ҫ˵˵ֱ֪ӾһȭҶ˷ؿϡ
Ҷ˷ħΧʱԭΪѾˣȴû뵽νġѾԼģ͵ϮԼ
ۡ
Ҷ˷һѪ˳̺˰ףǬʲô֣ڣɱɱˡ
յ
Ҷ˷Ȼ̧ͷǵصϮ
쵰ǳˣȻɳ¡
һŭֱӵҶ˷ǰһѽҶ˷ƿֺҪ
ס֡ڲܸ˽𡣡
ҶֹסˣǬɱҶ˷ˣ˿ɲŹ
˵磬ǽ죬۷ͻɡ
֪Сӡ
һӻˣһ֣ǳϷ͵ϮħֱӸ򡣡
ǬвԵвҲ׼Ҷһ֡
ܺá
Ҷ챻Ѫˣǳӷˣͬա
ˣҪһֻ֡
Ǭһһ޴ĵǬһ֪Լ֣׵ĽǬɱôĺҲģԣڲܻ֣Ҳһֻ֣ǹԹԵվԭأƾǬһ
ৡ

Ǭĵ棬ֱ˵ֱϣ˾磬ܴ˵ȵĹҲʹޱȣҽһ
һϹҿġһֻһ֣ˣǳˣҲ۸㡣͵Ϊֹڡ
ˣֱ˿ˣȻǱһʵԼôСӸˣ֮󣬻˵ʲôû۸Լⶼʲôʲôѽ
ˣӷ磬ǸϷţһ죬ϷҪͳͳɱ⡭ѽ
Ҷر˱۾·ѡģڶˣֻ֪֣ǰ׶ˣͲܱģҪǾ͵ͬʱħ˫κһŹԼģĳЩ֮£˫ͣսԼϾ߲ʽԼ
ʱѾͬˣڣ·ֻһ·ߵˣģֻ֣һķġ뿪֮Ұڶ㡣
¡
ˡȻӷ粻飬˳˷磬һֻ֣ûҪǡ߰ɣ


2802 оģ
¸ǣ佣콣Ѿӷ缸˻غϣڣǸħѹΣʱ̣ƸǬҲѾˣҸ߳ӷ磬һֻ֣ϹʮֵĽΪˣϹҲԶһֵģȻϹԸģǻһ飬ɱϾʧȥ˾ʧȥˣһѾûеָоˣ
һ棬ħѾħߴħӷڵĴַǰΪ֪ӷգ»ӷ壬ħ˴ħûֱӽ֣ڴֹ֮ͣ
ħ˴ħ֮УħȻ֪ħݣȴ֪ħѾԭħˣ԰ǻԪ˫ӴݣħҲûи߷ħϾܷħôģҲֻħҲ˫Ӵ۵һõӰˡ
һ˵õʱԲ֣ûõʱʱԶӸһʵ֮˵ħὫħĵһʵˣ˵ħ˴ħȫħһͳģ̵ħǱǱ
ǱˣСʱѹһɳǴɱˣߣĿ֮ˣʲôʱŲͬˣҲĳΪ°Ҳֻһӣ
ôħ˴ħڵħ˵õģϾǻԪ绹δħһ壬ҲڰǻԪ˫Ӵۣܽеȫ͵Ҫħķ壬ħǻԪ磡
ħת֮壬ҲѾ߹ˣ֮壬԰ǻԪΪǿʣһɹ˵һӷ磬ǳۣħҲ㹻ʵˡڣӷѾ֪ħת֮壬ҲѾų˵Ǳϵƻħת壬ԣҪһдۣħ˻óӷ˿תء
ħǰ˴ħеϴҲ˵ǰ˸ʵΪǿģԣߴħӷħ
ħˣȻӷѾǵ˰Χˣǻʲôֱӽ֣ӷһ˵ȫɱˡ
ѳӷ̫ˡˣôģҶ峤ôܵģħôġӷΪ̫գԲñǰΧģȴΧˣУһ⡣
ħ˵˼˵ӷڴвú壬͵ȥˣ
ûħˣҲüε˳ӷ壬Щ¡һǵֻǰħ˻ѣԣûҪӷӲֻҪ֣ǾͲȥ̶á
ħΪڰΧסӷͬʱӷ嵱СһΣӷ绹ûʲô壬ҲûҪϾǳӷϮģħȥ˵ģԣЩν壬ӷڸòϣ
ħˣһ㶯ûˡ
һħʿܵħǰ
ʲôûˣѵѾڴˣ
˻ڣǵ˻Ŀˡֻ֮ǰ󷽵һս֮󣬳ӷ˾ûˡ
󷽣ǳӷԮϵˣ
¾Ͳ֪ˣЩ˸ղѾ˳ȥˣӷǲһ·ģ򲻿ܻʱ˳
ħһ£ں˻˭ΪʲôϵΪʲôʱȥǲǸӷһģǲܶ³ӷǲܶġ
ãӣֻҪӷûжͽǰΧסӲϾӷʵħתɹ֮ǰħ嶼ܵеġ
ħе֪֪֮ʱȥΧ˳ӷˣȥ٣ȥ޻صģвҲȶ
顭
ʱ򣬴УһǹħûһģҲٶȷӦ˹
Сġ
ħһһϸС⳯Լ߳ĿȴԼֻԼǰʿˡ
ûʿӦͼ⣬ֱʿؿڣһ̣ʿһڹγһڹʿը˿
¡һħȫųһ亹Ϊʿħ飬ֱӱˣ
ôܣȻֻһССʿɾȻôԶϸСȻͿħ顣
Ѵħеħ϶Լ۾ǰ˴ħʵֻзħţģȫħϼƺ
϶ȫɢӷһʲôûİɱֶΡղǵȻСȴڼĿһ̣ǿɱ֮䣬ܽħˣ
СӷˡǼһڲʵ˵ãɱֶҲ˸ġ
顭
һǹ죬ħˣȫȥ׽͸İɱǷħħȥӴ
ɼȻħǲҽӴǳӷɾͲˡ
飬飬顭
ǹķ԰ǧ֮ڣһĲҽЩħʿħ飬һһıɱȻȽСΪӷ־ɱķħδģ⵼ʦħǹһη壡
νһҧʮ¾ӷľѻǹڽ˼ʮħʿħ֮ڣֻҪʲôһ죬ħͻΪǳӷǰɱֶˣһŵһ亹


2803 ħ
ħħ߸ħ֪ͬħԭħˣ԰ǻԪģ˵֪ħ˫Ӵ۵һ壬ɼȻ֪ħܣȻȫ˳ħˣҲ˵ħǲȥںħκģֻħǷܴ򿪰ǻԪ磬ԼȥǸضǿĵط
˿̵ķħʲôҲ˵ʲôҲܣֱתҶҹĺɽȥǱߵ飬ҲǱҪħģħ׼Ϊӷʱпɱȥƻħת֮塣
ħľģΪѾѻǹԭӵѾȫҡŵǣ֮ħȻûһȥֵģ͸˵Χ˳ӷ缸ˡ
˵ҲѾϵǲǳӷֻгûг֣ôǳ˵ϵ벽򣬳ӷ粻ܱ֤κ˵İȫϾڵͬԼ͵Ϯħģֹת֮ģ֪ڵħӵ˶ǿԿ϶ǣǾֹâ߱Ѿǿˣӷ綼ûκΰգһ֮شħ
ʵħԭӵ˫Ӵ۵ϣӷӵеĲ񷶦ͬģֻΪ˫֮˿ħҲҪһ̵ŻȫԶ˫Ӵ۵Ȼȵ˫Ӵ۵϶Ϊһʱǿֻгһˣſ֮ˣ֮˫Ӵ۵˫϶Ϊһ֮ǰӷҪ۵ǵʵС
˫Ӵۣ壬֮ǰħħħķ룬ʵͬһ˼ֻҪ߽ϣ˵޵еĴڡ
νһɽݶЫӣʨӣ֮䣬ҪʧһһʧģȻʧߣģǿߣվһе۷֮ϣǧ֮ϣȥ
ǰػΪʨӴֻۣпܻǳۣڣ˭뵽ʨӴۣȻǳӷ硣ʨӴ۵ݣ˫ӴĿǰ֪һ֪ˣͻ᲻һеĿɱӷġ
˿̣ҶҹĺɽתڣħڳӵλϥˣƯ˳֮ϣ
ֲͬɫĹâҲ˵ǾֲͬɫĳˮڲͣתţһĹӳϻħĿڣͣžֲͬɫĹЩ·Ǿֲͬ㣬ħԴԴϵţ
ħ壬ҲڷԵı仯·ѾûˣӣϵļڷŸı䣬һһոճӤԵĺϸۡһһӣͭɫļԵĺǿ׳һһŮѩ׵ļԵĺܹ⻬
֮ڵħһӵеı仯ǼǸ񣬽ڷű仯

һǵصϯӦ˵ϯħģƺΧħħеħۼ˹ΪľһпϵԼת֮壬еԭħ˹Ϊӷ֮ǰپ˳Ѿ󲿷ֵԭµڣħյԭҪǿ
ˡ
ħʱھתǰȶ
ħ۾֪ħʱȻǷʲô£Ҳһӷйϵ
˵Ǳϵ𣿡ħʵ
ǵģҲǡϵģֻǳӷļ˰ˡ˵ȫǱƵΧףʱûʲô
ħЦһ˵ӷͻȻϮѽӣұҪӿˣʱӵ̫ã»ᱻӷлɳˡ
ˣǸô죿ӷ粻֪ĸһְɱְɱħԶİɱǵˣһֱɱħġǵľѾӷҡ
ŶӷȻָ»һôԶ
ʱ֪Ϊӷʵǵ˶ȥɱУɱ˵ķλȴһֻɱһħ飬Ҳ˵һֻɱһˣķҪַǵɱ⣬ҪüǧŰĵ
ӷΪɱǵˣɱЩҲЩûʲôõʿɣ
Ӣӷȷֻɱʿڽ죬һû
ǾͺˣҪĿģַסħģ˶ʱͿټֱӽ֮ΧħһεֶΣֿ־зӦҲҪʱġħ׼ɣϵĻӷཫڰСʱ֮ڣΧ
СʱӷҲ̫˰ɡ
вʱңٻҪһСʱתɹԣʱڣֻܿˡóӷļƻóѣ붯Ҿڳӷû֮ǰȫתصΧȫҲѧѧӷ磬˵ϵҪΧһ̣ϰж֣Ҫ˵潻棬ӷôģҲô붯ҾģǾͷ˵ľġ
ħ˵ͷ˵˺ð취óӷֶȥԸǣγӷһ벻
ţҪ˵ˣȥɣʱ䲻ֻ࣬ҪһСʱһСʱ֮תҪ٣١


2804 赲
ɱһѧʣҲһɱ˵ѧʣɱ˵ܽѧʸӵ£˷ָļ£ǰɱеľǿߣڲͬĻ£ԲͬηɱͬĿ꣬һһ鷢
ò˵ӷ缸˵ľɱõģ˵ûмԵģֻǿڲͬǿʶ׼ᾧʯתһĵ˾ɱԭӵ֮£־ɱķҲûпеģϾ˫ֲմѪκεĲλ˷ֺɱϾ͵ϮħģΪ˴ﵽĿģжڳӷ缸˵ǹؼڡ
ǽѻǹڴеҲѾ¶ӣӷ̴Ӻ潫˵ᱩ¶λõģ
¶ʲôѽһ˶ûˡ
ֲɵ뵱ھô꣬һֱţһԼ¶Ǿͻᱩ¶Լսѣɵ顣
ֻҪɱĿʱȴ֣ԼĿȻˣ
ûѵȫˣ
ܵģ֮ǰѾΧڴĵûһҲаǧôȫˡ
ˣȻǶѾΧˣʱû취Ҳ˵ѽѵǾͲ£ҳ˵ʱȥ͵Ϯħ𣿡
ǼҲۼ˳ӷߣ˵ȫˡ
ã˵һǱħ˻ȥħ֪ǵĿֹת֮壬ⱻǷΧȽڵĵطȥˡ
ӷ粻κεķϻֱһգ顭һը˿γһ֡
ʼ
ͬʱƵΧĺڣεʮսſӷ緢Ѷţ´ڿūĴ£ȫӷ缸ڵλó˹ȥ
ٶȣħλáѾϹȥˡ
ڣľʱսˣ֮ǰӣҪȡʱ䣬ħûԵķ֮ǰħڵλøΧħ𹥻أ򣬳ӷҪħڵľתؾˣ
ʮսţڶ̶̰Сʱ֮ڣȫӲͬķϵȫۼҶҹĺɽ
һ󽭣ǳ㣬˵Ϊ󽭵߶
ɫѾ˿̣Χ˴󽭵ˮ֮⣬ûκε
ᡣ
ӷһ£еȫӴ󽭵ߣǰһٲ֮ۼȥڴٲ֮£һ󷨣󷨽ٲˮȫ˿󷨵ǰ棬ֲͬɫĹâħڵľתˣ
ӷʮսţվ˴ٲ֮ϣ˵ǣ׼󷨣
ǣӡ
ūһƣ̹ȥж˵·ͳͳɱȴҪͣҲҪսǵĿģֹֻħת֮塣
ǣ
˵ٶȱҪ죬ħγƣǺѹȥġ
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һУκδۣɱȥ
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Ѿγ˾ԷˣһܽϵǷâĵطסһе
ӷһͷűĴ츳ȫ˳Ҳǹӣ
ʱ򣬳ӷ粻˿ıþһеȥֹħת֮塣
תڣħ˫ٴһɾ޴𶯣ƺ򶼸
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СʱֻҪֵܵסСʱǹ
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ֵǣڳ˵ȥ֮ȴû֣Χκһ˳֣ûе˴ڣħϢǳԵ¶˳ЩһǹҪƵģ˵ɱȻûһӭս
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ǿ˿ΧںԣԼ˵ˣѾħİΧ֮УΧȫħԼЩ˸Χм䣬ȴǰΧԼѣûзѽ
Ϲ˵ʲô⣬ֱɱȥħڵλá
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ֹ˺ʱ䣬ǣֻҪ˾ͻþһа취ΪǿķĻǸͲڶʱ֮ͻƵ˵
˵û֮Ϊʱ䣬Ҳ˵ħûгɹ
ѵǾħתɹ𣿡
ȻǡħҪת֮壬ҲǼ׵飬͸һʱµģǱ˴šҲ˵ڸͲҪֱӹȥֻҪ취ȥħˡ
ţôŷ
˵ü򵥣ˣųʶʶȥħħ赲ǣȴ赲ǵʶǾʶȥħһᡣ


2805 ƾת
Ǳչأʲô£ҪȻǰҲһĵطһʮֳ֮أǻʲôչأҲ˵չص£˴ţΪҪؼģһʲôͻ±չ֮ʮ֣Ʊչ֮Ҫ齫һġ
ɵעǲȻħԱչصʽת壬ڸûκģֱӣ߼ӵķȥģȻ˹ȥʱڹȥǾʶɣ
Ѿ˾תĳȫ˵Եʶȫͷ˳ͬһʱ䣬תس˹ȥ
ÿһʶڣͳһͬҰ޵޳ǿǵأǷħðһ亹벻ӷ˾ȻĲãķˡ
ħΪؼʱ̣תɹֻʣ°СʱˣСʱ֮ھԲܱκ˴ţʧܣ治֪᲻ΣյģǰǻԪĵһʣɲ磬Щʣڵ֮壬վᣬ˵һָᲢʣνҪžԵİԵյ˼ͬӷǰ㣬յ˼ͬʱ񷶦İԵƣǲĵ֮࣡
޴ĹâѾھתصϷۼûֱʣͬʱħԭҲѾȫħգֹâҲħͷ𽥵γһֻ˫ͷЫӣ˫ͷЫķ룬壬ȻγӰȥǵŰϵӰһͬһԱģŮͬ޴BOSSħͷϵںһǿһһŮ壬Ҳ𽥵תԱʱӰȻһ𣬱Ľϣγ˫֮塣
ħǽյ˫ۣȻͫףһһɫ֮ͫУͷһһŮӰ·һһŮǹŰϵӰȫħڣʶ֮С
漴ħĶͷϣһѪۣѪħĶͷϲͣƶţħüĴȶٵתΪһͼڣһɫĻʹڣûһɫĻʹڣһҲ٣ġ
֮壬һ̣ʽħչ˳ħ壬һ͸ӷµӣӢУŮԵᣬѩ׵ļУӵֿ֮˵һֲвŮ˫֮塣ħѾħڳʧ˵ѾתΪһһԴڰǻԪڰǻԪ类֮Ϊħ
֮ǰħѾõħֻʱħħΪģħѾתҲ˵ħӵеģȫǰǻԪħ˫Ӵ۵ħޱȵǿ󣬲һǸͬ壬Ҳ˵ħħʦͬʱҲħʿ
ڰǻԪ磬ħʦħʿͬļˣ໥֮ǶĴڣɵħʼת֮ȻԽħʦħʿͬ壬ѹ֮ǰǻԪĵһˣħĴڣ͵ħͬޣħħʦͬʱҲħʿһħʦħʿͬڡ
ħħı仯һķѵħѾɹ
ʱǬ˵ʶҲѾȫھתصϷγһֻֻҰޣϻкڱǣֲͬҰޣħͣĺš
ڸ߿֮У޸ͷޣ֪ʱתڵħչ˽
飬飬顭
޵˲֮ͷ޵ľŸͷͬʱ˻棬ھתУҵıը
ޣҲɡ
ħħûжʸѾתھתϥ˵ħûȫɹת֮壬ǻҪһʱ䡣
ȻڳӷûԹôˣħȻǲģһֱ֮ӳϣ֮䣬Ƚǵ˵ʶȫƳˣ֮һ֮޸ͷޣ
ϵѵ৵һʣ޵Ŀ֮£Ϊ⣬ֱӹħ
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ͷޱ֮⣬壬һɽ֮ϣɽ忪ʼ
ħħ˴ħ֮ף۷ʵѾԽ۷壬һƳ˹ȥ޵̫ӴҪ֮ǲܵģֱֻӳסħһƣ壬ҲĳԶ
ʱںˣ޵ϣͻȻ䣬һ¹⡣
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ħȻϴˣ죬ûôˡ
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ĳӷ磬ԼվǴٲϲҲûֱӹû뵽ȻɳŮԦޣӸ߿ս䣬ǷħôҲ벻һ֣
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ȻֻھתϣһѺۣħʱĿֹˣ
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ħ˵˭
ޣһѪɫ׵Ĺޣ֪ʱħɽͷ֮ϣ


2806 ƶ
ӷϲʺϵʱ֣սϣĳϡ˵ӷÿεĳֶװţƺ壬ڵȴһʱʱܳͻƻ˳ӷԭļƻȻγɵһƻֻʺϵʱ֣õЧ
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顭
һֻһɱ˷ǬѾɱˣκεĵˣɱһѪ·⣬ūҲѾ˷ɱڳӷѾħʱ򣬲ħʲô˳ӷУϻгԶɽǷħʱ˿̸𲻵κˡ
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ǻԪ磬֮壡Ҳ֪ǵ֮嵽ǿһôĳ̶ȣҳӷ磬Ͳȥ⡣ħת֮壬˵ٶǸвɡ
ӷ⻰˵еαˣѾԸ߹ӷ֮ǿӷȴ˵евʵǳӷΪԼѾ޵ˣҪַסħħ֪Ϊתʲô֮Ҿ㣬٣ҲҪתɹѽתĻᶼ㣬Ѿװʲôװ
ӷ磬ȻҵתѾƻǽ죬ͲҪˡһɡ
ûе֮壬ҾһҲãûʱȥǻԪǸʲô˫ӴۣӦúܿ͵˰ɣȻѾħΪ˫Ӵ۵ĿܣҾȽ֮׸նˡ
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ˡ
ħҪʲôȴӷǿԶ
үүϺˡħԱĲ˵ǵġ
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үүпūħͳͳɱһ

ӷ绰䣬ȴû뵽ԼȻԴԴϵĹħûӷƵĹ룬һĳ̶֮ջأħԱû뵽ڵȻԼˣڲͣħڹ롣
ӷ磬뽫ҵڣҵڱըһԱĺϷǰɣãұȫ㡣
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ը޴ıըƵƺĴ½硣
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˫֮壬ѾħħǸղ仯һ͸ӷ£ˣԳ˫Եһƿ֮ǲвŮġ
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Ǹ֮䣬ħȻǿˣ֮壬ȫĽʢӷ̾磬ʱٲ٣Ǿֻˡ

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ǬϳˣħѾתɹˣڲĶ֡
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ˣϳˣٲҪˣ
ɽڣûգȳȥɣ


2807 ½
ӷûϵħȻôһ֣Լת壬ѹ֮ǰһĴʩ׼ûУԭⶼͼƻ˵ģųӷճӷԭеħƶɹת˵֮塣
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ңԶ֮У˿ƵǱߵı仯Ǻȫڷŷ츲صı仯ðˣޱȵľš
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ڸô죿ħɹת壬ԳӷĴǵв֮ġ֮ǰǳӷѹħѾȫ෴ˣħȫȫѹųӷˡԵ֮壬˫Ӵ۵˵ֻеʦסӷͲ֡
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ѵǾų˱ħ𣿡
ģӷһĵôġ
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֮ǰǳӷһпԽ˵ʵڣֵħˡ
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ھŴ½ǻزȥˡħµħ̫ǿĴƽ⡣
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½ľصĹ֮ϣľأ˼ףԯҴߣȫ棬нδˡ

ľطһЦһЦֻġ
㻹ЦĳħѾת˰ǻԪĵ֮壬˵˵ʨ֮⣬ħھ޵еĴڣӷ綼ѾˣһħǷ³ȳӷҪõġ
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˫ʵ˵ӷѾħĶˣֵǣħΪʲôֱӳأڣƵǱһ㶯ҲûС
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ľһáӷңΧеĺȫҷó˵κһ˽ǵĵ̷Χ֮ڡĻ쵰ܵѣ붼룡
ľһ£½ߵѾʼΧеĺˣó˵룬˶Щʲôˣ½ߵʮһó˵˶½Ȳ˵ὫħͬʱҲңò׽Ķ½˵׼ʲôʱճˣ
ħ˿̵Ѿʼת䣬ųӷ˳˵·ߣһвŮļЦɱһͳͳɱ⡭
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ţ֪ˡ
ҪҪһѣ
ҪħѾǰ˫ӴˡӷҪԵռBOSS˵ħҲ˵˫ӴۣԣһأԼȥǰôѹأѵһξͻʧǾ͸ҿžˣûҵˣóְӷ硣
ǣʨ


2808 ľ⺣
ħѾ׷ˡǵʵ֮ǰ˲٣ȥûǵ½ͻᱻ׷ϵġ
һ߸Уһӷ
ɴȫ½ˡūǣǬϹңˣҶ½ħħ
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˵ƸɵĴ֮£ٵĳ½ǰУӷūˣѾֹͣ
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ӷ֪֮ħת֮壬ħҲѾǿԼ֮ǰħɵľĶҡҲѾûκˣħʵǿ˷ָһսԣľǳӷ磡
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پǰ˸ʵܲܶսħİ˴ħǰ˸˾ͽˡūǵ󷨣ĽһͬԸħ˲ڵˡϹҲѾϹˣֻҪּӾͺá
ǣ
ӷɲȷħȳԼҪһħǰ˸ͬʱ赲סڲҪɱǣֻҪ÷ħǰ˸ȥ˶սӷ߾ͿסȵϹǹǱߵ˶½ǳӷͿԷһսˡ
һǳӷĵģľزĻԼ½ôҲֻǿƸˣֱܲӴȥˣ½Ǳ߿սħ廹ں׷ɱ˾͵Ǹܵˣ˱֮ɣƸǾԲܷġ
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2809 ң
̲Ƹɣֱӷɵ˶½֮ǰ㺰˼ףԯٳҡ
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ٷˣڣĿôҲ˭˭Ϊǲ֪ħѾת˰ǻԪĵ֮壬µУһ֮⣬û˻Ķ֡Ǹεˣ㵽صʱ̣û¶棬ǳڵΨһ·ֻǶ½ˣǶ½ǳ֮䣬񲢷ѾɣսۣӷıƣǶһڱħˣܵǶ½ѣǰǵʲôˡҿɾǣϹԶ㣬ѴݹǶ½ҧһڡ
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˵Ȼӷÿζռˣ㵽ڣǻĺúõ𡣾սʱӷ缸޵еĴڣûɱ𡣳ӷ㣬ðһԸǿеģɲҪѽ
ԯ⻰ôһֱӷڰƵġˣӷС󣬿һֱڰģõֶμĹ⣬ҲǵʨԸġ
ˣ໥ģӷ֮һôĹϵԼǶҪǽˣǿһ˷ָˣǰǵˣ໥ԷˬţպѣӷҲԸֲͬķֶġ
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2810 ھŴսʼ
ӷħǱ߶û½ڲ½֮ĳȶˡ
ԯȥ˵ֵľء
˼ǰһսвûκεҲֻ۷ˣľȴ磬һ֮ʥ޼ʣ˼ĻľصĶ֡
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2811 ǧ
ھŴսѾʽĻһսҲǿǻԪ磬ֹǻԪһսܰǻԪ翪ֹ˫Ӵۼ硣
ڽսУҲͼҪǻԪ磬ѪѾˣɽϾ˫ӴۣǿƵĳӷ磬޻֮ҲġħҲ˵ǰ˫ӴۣͲôöԸˡ
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2812 ʨӱ¶˫Ϯ
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ˣӷͷֻʨӺҲϹһô뷨٣ħǾˡ
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ǵģħˣǾˣڵһʱ䣬ϳֻʨӵּʨͷʹڣףӷڱħһʱѾ϶ʲô
ܣôܣȻǡ
ħǱ飬ı飬֤η壬ûη壬Ϊ˫Ӵ۵ֻһ˫Ӵۣڼֻʨʱη塣
ôǳΪʲô˳ӷ磡
ħ˫ķǳ󣬴󵽶ҪˣǳϷΧ֮ѽԭΪǳ۵ģھȻ˳ӷ磬ͻʵħòţòʧ룡
ʨӴۣ
ħдžŵ˵ˡʨӴۡĸ֣ͬʱ˵ǧ򣡡
ӷȫħ˵ЩʲôһѵǷ𣬻Ǹʲô֮⡣
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ǣѷ죡
ħ˵޴ѷԱߣֻֻ޴ƣһֻƣֱѹӷ磬ǿޱȵʹĳӷǱһ޴ɽ㣬ѹĳӷԳܡ
ৡ
ͬʱһͬʱһѺۣһռѷ죬ǵѷУһѾ޴ⱦֱ֣ӾͳǰѷֵĽ˹
ʥ
ǳ۵ʥƿնҲ˵ǻƿռֱӾǽ֮ϡ
ǣʨ
ѷУһ޴ϵ𣬽ƣҲ۵ʥ룬ɽƲûֱʧĸϡ
۵ʥΪĽ⣬ӲͬķλǸϵĽƣΣƵأÿһָͬһԭӵ㣬׹֮󣬲޴ıը
ڻʱ򡣸ҹȥ
۵ƿմҲһȫ
˼ʵе˼ʨⰲţƯĺѽۣƭˡΪʨӴۣû뵽ʨӴˡ
ٷϻߵϷûóʱƻⳡϷĹǾǱҳ֡
ܺã챾۾͸ʨһӣӣҲܱܲסǧǾҪԼıˡΪ۵ħǳصġ
ϻ˵˵˾͹
顭
ʥٴһӣֱӳѷ˽ȥ֮䣬ѷȫʧħҲʱһתȫˡ


2813 Ӳԣ
ħˣħˣɣµľƣħռϷѽΪʲô˾ղǽôһ£ӷǳ׸㲻ˣ
ϹҼӷߣڵĳӷ翴ȥƽʱʱҲûʲô仯ڵȶȻСڵ֪˶٣ӷԼ㲻ˣҲûʲôѽ⣬࣬ҲѾָǲ񷶦״֮ǰǶʯĸ֣ûֹƵģ
ѵ֮ǰԼһУֻһֻþ𣿻ʨӣҲǻþȫصԭڵλãһҲûѽ
ħʲô񾭣Զ׷ɱǣǱƵ½ˣãܹ˼ˣ
ϹҿѾӰӶħ£ǹˣ
᲻ΪˣħܵģǬʵ
ҰָղԸģӦ˫Ӵۣħ
˫ӴۣǸղǽƣ
ûղѷ죬Ӧþ˫ӴڰǻԪǱƿһѷ졣
ɡ˫ӴۿڰǻԪǱƿһͨߵѷ죿
ţػƾġ˫ӴӦ˼ֱܹ
ӷûѻ˵̫ϸ˶ףǻԪ֮ηģһηģǳӷ磬ɾǳˡ
ȱħǱߣھŴ½ѾħռˣڲܷصھŴ½ľǱôˣ
˵ľغǲͬȥ½ġԯǰæ½Χ󷨸磬Ƕڶʱƽ⡣
˿̣˼ףԯȫˡ
˧磬þòˡ
ǰЦ
㳤ˡڵĳɳһûлء
С¶ѣӦġ
ԯ츳ʵе㲻˼Ҳ֪үү
ǵѾָˡ˵ˣҪԸӵ˵֮ħ˶½˼׵츳ҲҪĴС
µȰľش˵ɡ
˵ڹȥľǲݵģֻ֮䣬ܳΪˣֻվͬһսϡҿȥȰ˵ľ壬ĸԸķų˵ϴ½ɡ
ţҲãܲһȥȸǼһտɲ֮£ĸԸĴӦҾϴ½պұͱӣǿǷʤġ
ľطĹҪãҲΪؼġħȻˣҲֻʱģȻھŴսѾĻħʹ˰𣬾Բᣬԣ´θħ֮ǰӷҪȽԼߵȫá
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ܶʱ򣬵ˣһǲݵĹϵҲһЩˣܳΪսѣսϵսѣӲһվͬһϵģ˴˶ȥǲҲһս
˵ˣľ羫ҴߣҲûҪΪǾ屨ֻؽˣǸģһǳӷ磬ȴԻǳۣԣľزŻͶڳ۵£
׻Ǳ߸оħѾȫˣʱڶ½Ҳûʲô壬Υ˳۵ȥܳͷԣ׻ڲκ£ֱ뿪˶½
׻һߣڶ½ϣȻûȥľˣľشŷˣֱӾͷ˳˳ӷ˵İ֮⡣
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ľزû˵Ϊʨ֣㲻ܹһأľرҲ뽫ڵĹϵ㽩ˣħ˾ˣӷ޵еģľѾǳӷĶˣɳӷԼõ֮⣬ʥ޼Ҳǲܵģ
ȻľҲ֪ħ֮л˾Ϊ۳ˣΪħѾ֪ʨӴۣҲ˫Ӵ۵ˣĿ꣬ʵǳۣǳӷ硣
ӷӵŴǧһֻ֪ܷսħޣħŲðյģӷǧħ޸ףڶʱ֮ڣħӵŵ֮壬ɱϾǧ򣬲ǵеȨ
ҵͦӲģⲻҪҡȻѾˣҲȥˡ
ңܵҵĵӷ磬һˣղǰ׻ֹңǲҶ½ġڣ׻ѾˣߺðȫҴߣҲΪǣ֮УͱսǸĻħûǣľؾǡ
ŶƬ򣬾Ȼսһʶһ£νսʲô
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ľȻ䷴Ӧ˹һЦӷ磬㵱ɵߵսߣȻٽзƣΪѧ£Ҿûѧ𡣡
û뵽СڵķӦˣҲϻɣ㵽Ҫôҵ϶½ڿû㶯֡
ëߡӱȥˣĻҽСӡǿڵʨϣȫҪ
ΣľмＸ˲֪ĺܡĻھͿԽ½ӲŲţ
㾡ԿһˣΪѾǲű䣬ӵĴ츳ͿԽߵװȫʥ޼ɵģһֵܵ⼸񷶦ֵܵپǼѾ΢ֵһ£˵أʥ޼Ǿġ
ľأҾ㣬ʱҲ㶷Ҳñҡ
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סӷ磬˵ûҪ֣һôûСȻľֲɵӣĻʱǶ֣Ҳ֪ŭˣ½ǵòҲõ
һӲԣ㿴ڸô
Ըˣûõġ֮ǰħͳΪϾţľУڶ߾飬ʲôֶζõĳ˵ʵľصգɲ֮ѽ
ڶ½һߣﶼվסţ磬ûǵ֮ˡ


2814 ֪Ҫ͵Ϯ˭
ҲǸѽҿǲȳɡ
ӷ翴ƣʵ͵Ϯ
ȻľؾƲԣֻԷˡʱǶ½汾Ӧøվͬһսϵģľȴͱˣܲܶɡܽס½Ǿͽ
ľزɵϣֱӳˣһġղ˵ΧĺѾװѻʥ޼ģ㣬˿ɡ͵Ϯ½Ҿġ
ӷôûҪľصĶ½ڸľؿսԳӷû˿ôģ⣬ӷ粻ȥ
㣬ʮλǿȥ½ӦòʲôɡĸҴվߵģľһˣ֧ţ˵ʥ޼Զ
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ӷѾ·ˣھŴ½ţûٵħ뽫ħĸݵشƵǱԼľھŴ½Ѿħˡ
컹ҪúôһˡƣɴһסħǱߵĶһħʲôжһ㱨ǧҪħռǵıˡ⣬֪ͨپˣһҹ͵Ϯ½ڿūͳȫңϹǾͲҪһȥˣϹһһħǱʲôҲܵһʱ
ǾŸˣ𣿡
ľҳ۷ǾŸԡ
Ϊʲôǽҹ죿
ߣľǲŵģһµǻ͵ϮϣõĻᣬϾȫݵضûУܲҸطԾĲҲ˵ϣľطʱ򣬵ʲôҲûУľֻ뷨ģǲǷصھŴ½ȥˣֻǻ᲻ȼٶ֣벻ǻڸһ֮֡
ľص˽֮ʤ˽Լѽ
û취̫ã˽һ·ľҡ
ӷתľǰ˵Ȼ㲻ҳפ½ҲûҪϻȫߡ
ӷ˵ȫתˡ
˼ǰʵӷ磬ڿûطȫˡ
ӷ˼ʹһɫ漴ʶ˵ĸڶ½׼һ£ҹһپ˽͵Ϯ½ʱĸӦϡľؾƲԣҾԷơ
˵꣬ӷûκεķϻֱˡ
ǰʵǲаˣ
˼ûлش𣬵ֳĬɵ˿ҪΪľصˣϣʱ˫Ҫ̫ңźã
Цһ޼ģδаＸ˲Լͬ˵͵Ϯ
ӣ⼸˶Գӷ绹һ˽ѽ
ľЦǸ˶֪͵ϮҵҪô͵ϮҺòռݵĵ̣ߣ浱ľӣˡ
һ棬ػ飬Ѿ˵ھŴ½Ҳӷǰ㣬ħûлƵֱռ˵ھŴ½ԵھŴ½Ϊݵأħħ
ħѾӵ˵֮壬Ϊʲôֱӽӷ˸𣿡
˲ɵֱӵħݣĻħȻ֪ڲӪںػǵļ˶᲻ģϾħѾӵ˫Ӵһ˫ӴۣҲԲػֵܵסġ
û뵽û뵽ѽ
ħǲвŮð˶һֲõԤУѵħѾ֪ʲô
û뵽ʨӴ۾Ȼǳӷ磡
ȻΪĵ飬Ǳ˫Ӵ֪ʨӴ˭ǳۣǳӷΣˣϾǳ۵Ļ˫Ӵ۲ɳӷ磬ˣ
ӷ磿ʨӴۣ
ûΪ۲ǵʮλĴۣȴ벻ʮλʨӴۣȻǳӷ磬ӵŴǧ򣡡
ǧѵӷڵĴǧѾѹħοֶˡ
ħŰˣҲ֪Ѿ֪ݣ˫ƣʹ໥֮ĹϵԵʮֵĹ졣
ħѾ˵ħ߶ţʨӴۣȴӵűʨӴۻҪǿʵ
ħŴ֮գңңǴӵһδۣۿʼѾڵһңĵһˣ˵ǰ۵һֵܣ۴˰ڽɽȴ֪ʲôԭ˾ӶߣʹңҴͷңȴ֪ңıΪۡһң󣬻ûʲôǿû뵽˵ʨһȴ޴ǧħ˵ֹͣȻ˵ԼģҲڷ۰㣬Щ˵ĶУȴޱȵľȡ
ȻǳڰǻԪһֵ̳ģڳ۵֪Ҳ֪࣬½ˣ֪ԭһĳۣҲλʦ棬һλţǻԪһδۣ۵ֵܣ۴˰ڽɽ
ħ̾˿гڣҪɱӷ磬¸ͲܣܿǻԪ磬ǻԪԼ˫ϣǲлۣܳɱӷ磡

ʱħʿħħˣ˵ûפ½ǳطȥˡ
ʲô
ħתʵӷ絽ʲôطȥˣ
Ŀǰ֪Ǹ½ΧȦӡ
Ȧӣӷʲôûȥ½Ӧľûͬ⣬⵹ûҵϡԳӷΪ˵ľز½ǲܾ˵ģȻֱ͵Ϯ½½
ħӢҲġ
ӷľһҪ͵Ϯģˡ
ħҲеӷľһֻϷĻȻ֮ڣ͵ϮԼߵģ
׼ӷҪ͵ϮľأҪ͵ϮǣǶɴ⡣뵽Ըǧķӷһս


2815 ľְţ
ҹĴ½Եĸƽû̫𣬳綼֮⣬Ҳûκ֮⣬滹һġ
УƯ򣬺ںϽģĹŻĺĴ½ѾȻһȫµĻ磬ҪĹŻͨĻԵ࣬ģȱһ漣Ȼ󣬳Ҫ֮⣬еҪ֮⣬棬һġ
ľһʱ䣬ΪԳӷѾʮ˽ˣ֪ӷԲʹ˰ݣԳӷ˵һҹԼ½͵Ϯ½ģԶ½Ϊȫµĸݵظħġ
ľû뵽ǣ춼ˣȻһ㶯ûУӿ˵Ӱն½˵ֻǲϵڶ½ھŴ½֮ǻţѾµľ޲ߣشı㣡
ľڵǳң֪Ҳ벻ͨӷ絽Ҫʲôû·ˣϾͻ͵ϮԼģΪʲôʲôûѵӷٴȥ͵Ϯħ岻ɣ
֮ǰüζħ巽͵ϮħǸʱ򣬻ֹħת֮壬ӷ綼ǳɹеССĳɾͣҲľأľسʱ򣬳ӷ޳ܵľص˵ʵ
һΣӷô͵Ϯ½͵Ϯħ壬û֪ľػħ׽ġ
ɲôӳӷôĺħľض֪ģǶҴ⣬ȻӷûжľظħȻɳˣȥųӷһһóӷκζԼֵĻᡣ
һʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˣתۼ䣬ڶҹ٣ҲѾԵų˵ڶ½ھŴ½ֵ֮ķ׼ľػħҪ˶ڵһʱӭսҲѾѡ·ʵڵֵסĴ½Ͳܴˣֱ磬磬㡣
ͬʱڳڣѾ˾Ÿˣһǳӷλİ˸ǳӷոİ˴սҲ˵ǳ˵İ˴񽫣پˡ
˼ˣһ˵Բᱻ׷ֵģܿϧӷΪ˵پֶѾˣǾŸ˵Ϣڳһʧħľط棬ڵһʱо
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ħľضѾ׼͵ųӷˣֻϧɫֿӷһ㶯ҲûУʹľȫסˣĹڲͣ߶š
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ȥĸʲô
£һֱڶĸСʱ֮ǰĸѾϢˡ
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һ˵ʱ䲻˵ľܸĵģڿɲǺƽʱʱչĴսĸȫҴߣǱ˵ǰڵʱݣڣǲҪٽаеˣǾԲܷµġ
ҰѷǼй
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ܿ죬죬޼ģδаˣȫ˵ڣǶû˯ΪǶ֪ӷԶ½͵ϮģҲһΣǱûᣬÿһ˶Ź
ӷ絽һ㶯ûУĸľٶȴƽȻͬλȫǳӷ϶֣ڴҶ˵˵Լ뷨ɣӷ絽ڴʲôע⣿
˵ӷҪ͵Ϯǿ϶ģҲ˿ĻɸԥҪ˵ӷô͵Ϯôôж˵ʵǰЩ֮ԻڳӷΪ֪ӷһô֪ĻʱͲܸӷˡ෴ڷǵľٶĳӷյһܵһʱġ
ľ壬֮Уֻգܸӷһϸ£㶼֪ӷʲôǾ͸Ӳ֪ˡ
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ӷѾû·ˣħѾ˰ǻԪĵ֮壬ڵĳӷ˵ʵԲħĶ֡Ȼǲ֪֮ǰħΪʲôͻȻ˾е׷ʲôԿ϶ǣһǸʨйϵġ£񷶦ħ֮ĵھŴսѾĻħǲܻݵģʱԳӷ緢ԶεĹ˵Ĵ½֮⣬ӷѾ·ˣҪ˵磬ȥĻħͲɵȥ׷ɱѪߵȫɱ⣬ٽ磬Ǹʱ򣬳ӷ͵Ѿʧȥ֮һϣҪħ򣬾ͺˡ
δ˵Ҳ˵ӷǾԲ˳ĵģٲҲħƴһҪ˳ģҲ˵ȫˣ
ûӷ·ˣ͵䣬ԣǳӷһսߣһ뾡һа취ֵġò½ӷݵضûУôȥħ
޼˵ӷһģǣôĸλ
ĸľٶǳҿԿ϶ǳӷߵߣ֮ǰĸԣǲٻġҪӷӦϣˡδģȥǣһʲô춯̸ҡ
ãȥ
죬޼ڽ½ͳͳָӡǶԳӷ˽⣬ʲôʲôλùҪǵķˡ
ţǻᾡġ
ľصѾɳĸȥأһǷسӷ͵Ϯ·ߣһǷֹӦӷˡ
аǸ񽣣̫һ޳һڵأһгӷӰ֮֮һ׷ɱȥҪóӷκζĹֵĻᡣ
ã֪ˡ
ľֵİţȻΪҪģԼӷҪ½ľظôòµģǽͳͳɱ⣬ħħ֮£ӷܲܽսȫͶ½߰ɣ෴ܽ½ߵԼȥǶԼͻˣ


2816 㣡
ӷپˣӺ׿½ǳͨģΪڶ½ΧĺУȻըһʥ޼ɵը
ò˵ľػǸ˲ѽҲԭըľأȴʥ޼ըʥ޼ΪԭܷһĿʯ֮ڣȥصʯͷܷʲôط̫۵ģûоԵʵȥϢ¸һͻըķǣ
ʥ޼֮һըм˳ܵס磬۷ĻҪȱըȫˣҲǲܵġ
پȫֻһ㣬Ϊĳˣӷֱܴܲӳȥһըͽľأ͵ϮȻҲʧˡ
ΧȻ󷨣һʥ޼ɵըõ󷨣ǵԭը֪Ҫǿ˶ٱһЩը¶ᱻը˵ġ
پȫһˮ֮УˮУںɺΡ
ֹըˣһЩըǰ˸Ǳɵġ
˵ȥû·
ˡľֲɵӣȻôΣյ󷨣Ͳ©κһطлӺǱ½ϸоһ£ƬΧûľصˣһûУ˵ľصЩըõķǳãЩըĲʮģ˵ǼҸħ֣ҪӺǱ½ҲܲЩը
Ǹô죿·вͨˡӺϵĻһϱֵġ
ΪϾͰȫԼϵЩ㣬ÿһĶȫըЩзϺףΧеĺĶȫը
پ˵ûЩɺ壬ȫǱֽŵģΧһеĺֲǿȫըľûдţ½ķ˵ǰٷ֮û©ġͬģǿϢĽ½½£ľطѾ˼µķˡ
پ˵ûֻҪ¶½ľؾ͵ڸ¡ȻˣȻľصЩըȫöɵģǱضг·Լپͬ־ǣ̹󷨣мңǿɲ
پ˵ͷʶϵǡ
ͬʱӷ绹ҪϵǣԼ޷Ǳ½ǾҪǣӶ½ҳһȱˣҲ˵ǣһ·ϵֹͣټǶ󷨵˽⣬Ǳ½
ӷҲ֪֮ǰĸŷԼ˽½ģľضĸԲˣѾ˶סǣԣҪӶ½ϽֹͣҲǼ׵顣
½֮УľڱϺžƣû̿ɳ飬ƴӵˣֻҪǳ̵ģڶѾˣ
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ʿĻľضʱһδģǲǸĸʲôرĹϵԼ֪ġ
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ľˣԭԼӦģǼûдҳӷ籨𣬸󣬸ǳԶɽһƣ
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ɾľ뿪֮󣬸ղʿ۵ʿȴӣֱߵľصıǰһҲη壬һҲţ
ľصıһʿһͨʿȻ췴ɡ
ľأ˵ǸӷһεĴˣҿҲ
ʿЦҡҡͷ˫ڱ˵λӣǰˣɽʱѾͬˣӷѽӷ磬һΣλھŴĲ񷶦Ƿһѽ飬͵һİɣû㣬ң;ˡ
ʿı飬񣬶ڷŷ츲صת䣬Լһݺ£Ǻεȵ磬ҲӭսħǸʱħͬûԼȥˣ
ûңƵȣʿɲһʿǵ񷶦ҵļƣ
Ϊʲôڶ½˵ǲһֱǰ½Ƕ½ǲǸϹţԯһҵһʺʵأ
ڵϢǳС˵۷壬ǣֻǸ߼ɰˣ
߼ɣƣ񷶦֪ЦɾҪִˣ
˵ƵΪȻĲ񻰣ղģ仰ľмˣͽзƣȻΪŴ񷶦е֮Ƶ㣡


2817 󷨿ң
ľֱס֮ظϣʵ֪˸޷ֱ뿪ס֮ȻѾӵ˳ӷʶѰΪнδţһ뿪ľرض֪ǰȥֹֹͣ󷨵ġԣûоԵİ֮ǰ˾㲻ǱģҲһãͽƻӷǱߵļƻ
˭ĵľؾȻʱܹ
һĺԺĵط˶ס棬ÿһ䷿棬δһֱΧֻκεĶĸδͻ֪ġ
ӣǲģǼȥҲǰ취ȻȥľǱ߶ԳӷʲôԲ߰ɡ
ʵڲţȻ֪˵Ҫԣһˣ룬ɰһ˵˵ʱǲġ
˵ûǵĳǳӷ磬ɱӷǹͬĿ꣬ܲһֱɡֻҪľǱʲôԲߣǾǴͷ󣬵ڻңҲܱǿ
ŮǴһµҪȥľûԸӷķ߳ӷѾ½
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ģ½ϣֻһڽδĿľܲܶǶְɣôһɱԼߵģֻпܵĳӷˡ
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δһӦͬʱҲǶ˵ֱӾͽе˳˸ոʱǵɣڵǣҲѾľ磬ľʥ޼İ֮£⼸ˣҲȫѾ۷ˡ
۷ͬʱ磬˵󣬶ǿɲ뱻ӷڶɱ
Ϯģôܻǳӷ磬ӷپˣȫڶ½֮⣬ģȻľˡ
ľرͱʹ˷ƣѾǼץҲѾ϶ĸѾˣʱ򣬼δĻľ˵˶Ȼǲ֪ԼԵ׵ġݡΪԼԵȥû뿪ġ

ľشһǿޱȵʥ޼ֱӾѹ˽δĵϡ
δһȻĳľأû˷ӦľصĹѾȫǵϣŮˣͬʱǰһѪ
δںʱ򣬶ԵʱĺӾްҹһĵģ֮ԻȫľصҲΪ֪ľؾǺӾްҹĵľھȻԼɱ֡
ľ壬㡭
满ӣȻܵԵףĸ첻ǣӾΪˡ
ľŭˣֱӾҪɱ֡
ͬʱĺԺڣƲ֪ʱĺԺ֮ڵģڵΪʱϵȻǽʲô򣬲ٶȱľػҪ졣
ʲôˣ
Ѿо֪ľѾˣȴ֪巢顣
һĺԺڳһʿ˵ľҵİɣҪɸʿľĸôöԸ𣡡
λҪᣬǵġľѾ϶зǼǳӷԵףҪɱǣǳʱ߰ɣȥӷ罫Χֹͣ
ʲôǵģ㵽ʲôˣ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣӷҪǡҲѾоˣľ棬ɱݺᣬǾԲϷġϸߣ֪һ·ֱͨ󷨵ܿңֻҪڵĿƽֹ̨ͣǳӷͿǱ½ˡ
໥һۣǰʿһƷǳͨʿԼˡĻԼڻ˭أӷѾ˻ҪڰСʱ֮ڽֹͣҪǱ½ͻǳˣᱻľط֣
˵ʿľģľظǶһˣֻҪס󷨣ӷͲϢĽӲҲֱ͵Ϯѽڵĳӷ˵һôûеģ
뵽ľؾԲһ٣˵ͷ˵˭ȻǵģǾ㡣ȥҡ
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ľ壬ס֣˱˵ķƣ
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ľؼ켸˾ȻܣŭȻȫˣӾͽһԽ
ľ壬ѵ㿴ⶼǳӷĹ𣡡
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㲻ŵĻԵȥ²ĻĸӦѾˣҪɱδĵʱ򣬾ѾǸˡ
ľصʱһ㶣̷ųʶȻ˵ǰ㣬ĺԺڣһ˶ûˣ

ľسŭˣһƷĺԺը˷顣
ӷ磬ȻҸסڼ߾ˣҸơ
ľ壬ڲ˵Щʱǿ֪󷨵Ŀʲôط𣿡
ǲ֪ҲɵôҪκˡ
ǸղڴڵǸʿأ
ʿ
ѽǸʿľ˹ղǸʿ˵ĻģڷԼǡ
ãһǳӷˡȻҷǣǱضѾ鵽󷨵Ŀڡ
ǻʲôٲȥĻӷʲôطǱǶ֪
ľزٷϻֱӷȥȫ˺棬δȻľˣ֪ľ˱˵ķƺҲûľأֹӷǱ½ΪҪģ򣬱ӷǾ鷳ˣӷ粻ܻһȻǰ˴ս˸磬Լ½߿ǵֵסģ
ڿɲʱ˵Լݣڷľ֮ǰƾѾ鵽󷨵ĿλãǸϹȥ
ٶȿ㣬ľغܿͻ׷ġ
ǲ֪ʲôȻľضԽδǶ֣ԣѾ׷ɱգۼ䣬׷Լˡ
ǰˣǰһһ󷨵Ŀҡ
ˡľصٶ̫죬ǵףͻ׷ǵġλѣȻ֪󷨿ʲôطҲһ֪ôر󷨡Ǻȥȥر󷨣ĸ赲ľء
Ƶͷãҵޣ鷳ǣһ̰ɡ
ڴʱľصѾ
ԯ˼ףûˡ־ܣֻὫǴȥʨҷұضɱ


2818 Ǳ
ľأõʱǿܻ𣿡
ܺãȻǲˣҲãǾͱҲˡ
Ǿͷɡ
ֱӾ֣ľظΧ֪ʱֽȥֻľ鷳ľصʵҪԸĸǾԲġ
ˣȫҴߣ츳츳ϣ˵ǲµģֻϧľصΪ֮ϣͬʱӵ֮ʥ޼ռ·硣
ֱӲƴɾŰģ˵ǰ飬ԯһˣȻΪ˼Ϊ
ԯңͬʱ
á
ԯֳһûнĹ⽣ֱӴľء

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ԯĹ⽣ľǰûκεãҲʱ֣˼׸ͬʱԵ츳˳ĸ˵һ𣬶޷ľκε˺
óӷ½ɲҵ˼Ӧ֪Ƕǵʨ˼
˵ʨû´ӷ类ħƵû·ˣʨҲܷӷ·ģӷ֮ĸ˶Թй˽𡣡
ѵˣһֱʨԲͬķֶΣѵųӷҲһȻʨûȷ´ָʾ֪ʨҲǸһ뷨
ǰǰڣʱֲͬˣȻҲͬˡǰĻȻ棬ôǶ飬һ仰˵Źͬĵˣ˲֪ѵ㻹֪ʵħ˫Ӵۡ
ȷڳ۵£ȻѾȷ˵飬ľǼȻ֪ģħ˫Ӵۣ˫Ӵ˫壬Ҳ˵ħҲľǵĵˣ磬Ǹĵˡ
ħѾˣ˫Ӵռħ壬ôħ񷶦ȥģħ壬ҲһԱǲħ屻˫Ӵˡ
ЩҲܣ֮ӷҵĵ̡
ʱѾ󷨿ңҲڶ½ʱжãȻ֪󷨿ҵڵأȻҲѾ󷨸ֹͣȸľϷƣܵ͵ǰæ
󷨿ңһ䷢糧㣬źܶ豸
Ҳ֪ƶʲôطЩԭתĻеʱ֮䣬ȫֹͣ
ͬʱڶ½Χĺϣľˣһľ֪
Ѿ˽󷨿ңΧȫֹͣ
һֹͣǽᷢʲô£Ͳľض˵ˣһҲȥĸˣľԼûʱȥˣӷ˵ͻɱϵ½ϣֵܵסӷ硣
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ľػ棬˺ķ֮⣬Ȼ׼˵ڶַɣڶַܻںˣһںϣܳӷʲôλϵһľصĵڶַ֮ͬǰЩըġ
໥һۣʱ򣬾ȻϵϳӷˣԼ˵ʶһַɢڴ½Χ赲Ҳ˵ˣȫӷжϵڲ֪ӷʲôλϴ½֮£Ͳܰ˳ӷæ
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Զ½λ˵ӷҪ͵Ϯķֱ棬ֱľصĻȻѡһ߿ܵ﹬·
ôһѣ໥һۣԯ˵ûӷ綨ȻҪֱȥľصģɲʱ򣬽ϣϾκһˣпܳΪһװ
˵빬·ֻжɼȻܲµ˧Ǳ·ߣľҲһµĵ
˵ԣҪľ֮ǰ߳ӷ磬Ҫ趨õ·ˣһ·ܴľһֲˡ
ֿƣʿô˵ÿһ仰Ҫ
¿Ʋɷ֪㾿ʲôˣ
ڿûʱ˵ҵݣҲûʱ˷Ѱɡ˷һ룬ӷܾͻľصĴʱӷڱε֮£Ȼɱġ
ţ˵ûȻڰǣǾͲܻǵĵˡߣȥӷֹһ𣬴һ·ȥľأߵס
˿̵ĳӷ磬پˣȫѾֹͣеĺֲҲǱסƵģʱ󷨣ֻҪըͲκεΣա
ǱѾɹˡ
ӷԸյõ˵ͿˡȻѾֹͣЩʮֵľһʲôλ߷ֻҪߴһ󷨣ͿܻԶģȻǼҲʮΣա
˵ûһǿֻܻҪߴһһӣľصֵ£һʮ˽ĸ֣֮ܲ£ǲ֮ܰྫ󷨵ġ
Ȳ˵ЩȹЩ󷨣˴½˵ġ


2819 ·ߣ
ֻҪֹͣУôǵ֮£ӷ˶ʮ˳ͨ
Ҳϵǰ㣬ӷѡһ쵽··ֱǰֱȥľأֻҪľظ½ڳӷˡ
һĳӷˣ͸оǿҵɱڶԼӿ
ӣǵѾ¶ˣ½Ѿɱˡ
˵Ⱥ֪ļһߣЩһһ˾Ϳˡ
ڲڶ½ϴɱ䣬Ͼħڻʱսȫڶ½ϣܺܿ콫½ɱɶ˵ҲһôûˡܹõĻǵͻǿ١ľؾ׼㣬ŻɳһЩܱ̼ɱ赲ǵģΪ֪ǾԲɵɱ䡣
ľҲ̫ˣԼһЩСɫڸ谭ġ
ľصĿġ֪ǵĿģֻΪռ½Ϊݵأɱ˵ģŻ޼ɵ
ڸô죿
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֪λôƺ
ӷҲһʱľصΪܵףô͸ϵģľأзЩˣҲɵֱӹˣǾǾġ
ƿųӷ磬˫ڳӷϲͣĴţʮĵ˵ͷ˵ӷ磬ھŴ񷶦еҪǿĶࡣ
λѣȻ֪˭֪ǲ񷶦½ΪֲߣҵʱȻһ㶼η塣ݣҲǱ򵥰ɣ
ھŴĻǴѽǰңӦѾ㶯ˡѾǰˣҲѾûǰǰʵˡ
⣬ʵ֪Ƿ񻹹ȥ
ӷıԷת䣬ǰʿļһ˵ĻóӷоһϤУһţ߰ϤУȻֱѯƣѵʶġ
ҳ˵ĵһʦھڶ½֮⡣
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˵Ļǰ˵ݣѾ֮ˡ
پһһ㶵ģɳӷȴǹЦ˳˵ŸˣѾ˰˸ֻʣһˡֻû뵽ǣȻ½Ϊݣȫ֮𡣡
˵Ϊһ㶼ҪڵңҲҪνԷˡ
ûҼȻǿԷģǿģӣһûеͨˣһУҲ𵽾ԵáĹŴʷϵǲҲֻǸһûеͨȻʷˣûĻҲûνˣ
һзƣӣҲԤıԾõģΪʱҪ͵ϮľصģԣзƣҲʱġ
ûһһᣬΪģպߵΪáֻû뵽ľؾȻ˾ǿҲû취Żᷴһеġ
ݼ񣬻治һѽδ֣ȰһôæȻ鴫

Ǽ໥һۣӷ˵ˣǸǽˡĸѾʶǰ˸ҵİ˴սҲҳ˵İ˴񽫣Ѿȫˡ
뵱ǣǼˣȫǶǿģ磬ҲԼˡû뵽һǰ磬Ѿа˸ˣԼĲű䣬۷徳磬ѾԽ۷塣ӣߴ츳㣬Ǵѽ
ƻ֪ߴ츳ľ֪鲻ѽӦóӷ֪飬ȫѾ֪ˡ
ΰ֮ˣǱˣǵ񷶦ơңӭսħҽħ˵Ҽ
ʲô
Ȼǵ񷶦⻹ǳѽΪǳӷ簲ľߵһӣû뵽ɲһô򵥣񷶦ƣǸʱ˳㣬Ƶȣ
ѹͨԭǵ񷶦ʧˡ
λÿǶҴߣձ˵ǻҵǰ
ң񷶦ӭսħ˵ڰ˴ĲûǸ֮⣬ÿһǿɵǾ춯صѽҲ;ˡѾڳ˵Ķɷǣ֪Ҳˣ֪жˡ
ûȻѾˣǾŴ񷶦ֻʣһĺԨˣĺԨһ֣Ŵ񷶦ۼʱħĺùӳˡ
ƺǿЦЦ˵λڿɲ˵Щʱ򡣵ھŴǻϴһ·ȥľذɡ
ãھߡ
šھŴȻѾֹͣҲѾˣ½֮ϣľصĵڶַ׼ɲȺǱߵĵһҪѽԣǱҪСģһڶķʥ޼֪ġ
ڶ׼ľػȫѾǺˣڵϣ˵ʹźֻܶᡣңĶ½ҲʮӴģľܲܽ½ɡ
˶٣ӷ˵׷꣬ȣǼڴսģֱһ·ǾʹӴдȥڴеһвͽǴˡ
ģǵĴսɲ佣֮ѽľʲô壬ǶһһƳġ
䣬ľصѾϹˣӷһµڳ


2820 ħˣ
һƬ֮ĵѾ˶½ԵھŴڵʵ˵Ҫ½Ҳֻɱɱ⡣ҵģħ᲻ʱҡ֪ǿǱħͬԡ
ⲻ˵ãһ˵еĵǣӷҲ̵˫ۿ˿ǣǵ˵ͷʾҲĵģ֮ǰΪûʱ˵ģŰħˡ
ӷ֪ħѾǰħˣڽսУӷ׽ħǸʱ˫ʵԶ׼ģǰ񷶦ܽħˣǣȫֻ۷壬űߡĳӷأǵ˲ű䣬һԽ۷壬ӵĴ츳ԣڽսʱӷ׵Ļħɱħ
ħ˰ǻԪĵһʣ֮壬ӵ˫Ӵ۵һӷ絽ڻ֪ħ˫ӴۣҲ֪֮壬Ӧþ˫Ӵ۵ġ
ڳӷԣ˫ӴҲ̫ħ˰ɣΪ˴򿪰ǻԪ磬ĴʵǲСѽħ˫ӴʧˣǲҪӷ綯֣ڳӷ˫Ӵ۾ͻҪħ
ĵе½һˣﶼħ£Ǿֻʱ˳ˣһ˳ģħͻֱѪģͻᱻħɱ
Ǿֵ׼ֻҪħһȣͱˣרĶԸħڵħӵ˰ǻԪĵ֮壬ȫħҲ׵óѵġ
ľ֪鲻ãͰ˵һ·ȥͽˣҾ;ܶħֻҪ֣ҾͲ֣ͬʱҲ̫ⱻ
˶٣ӷʵˣ壬Ǵģ
ҵģʱ½ʥŮһˣҾֱӽʵ塣
ѹ˵ˡҿ㻹Ƚ񷶦Բǿһ壬ٻõ֮ɡ
ҪҲܣ̫˵֮ڵĻһᱬըġ
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ƻ䣬ӷ˫Ȼһתһ˵Ȼϣħˡ
ӷоһǿħԼ߿ٶȲǺܿ죬ǵħɾڵħģħʱܵ½Ҳǲóӷ罫½£ֵǣΪʲôħˣֱӹأҪԼ
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Ҳ벻ͨģҲ֮ǰħ˾ΪҰֵĹϵһзʲôħԤϵ顣
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ΪһɣħĹ˼ΪңΪ⡮ǧ򡯣Ҳǲ֮ġ
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ûұǲ֮ĵת㣬ӦѾľ֪ˡԭ˵֮ļȻѾתңҸ񷶦ΪһģΪһεĲ񷶦ֻҪһ񷶦𡣿ǣħոսҵɹת֮ҵ࣬Ҳǲ֮ģת䡣
֮ķת䣿ⲻѽҵΪ񷶦ʱ򣬲֮һֱڲ񷶦֮ڵģκεĶѽ
Ҳž֮֡ģ֮ǰȷǱˡǧĸ֣ҲŻû˵ǧģ
һûȻõҲǵĲ񷶦ܾãеôãУǻʲôҵ֪ܰ㡣˵˵ʲôǧɲ֮תģ룬ܣӦþ͸ǧй˰ɡ㣬ۼ֮ܵõ֤ʵҲ޷ȷĻشⷽκ⡣
ǾŴ񷶦еңŶӦñǼоɣ
˵ھŴѾԽǰ˴һ棬֮ϣǰҳҡ˵ҵȷǶйٵоԲŻ˵һܡֻΪҪв񷶦ӭսħҸû̫ʱϸоȻҵĻۼ֮ǿԹͬһо˵ܵõ벻ջ񣡡
ţҲ룬Ȼܱ֮ɡǧĸ֣һ֪ܡҾۼ֮ٽоɡһΣҲҪ½ʥ޼ľҲýˡתһֻһž޴ĺѾԼ˲Զˡ
ħѾˣҵ϶֣Ҳ϶֡·㾡ȥֹħǡȻħֵĻҲҪӲƴܺĶá
ţ˼İɣħӦòģͶǣǾ콫·ϵϰȫ


2821 ɱ
ħûпӷ磬Ҳɵӣ˵֮壬ɵֻ֮ǰǻԪ۵һʵڰǻԪ˵ΪҪģǴǧ˵ǧһģ߼һ𣬲ǰǻԪ۵Ϊǿڣ򣬳ǲܶǵ֮һ㶼⣬ôЩҲûڵ֮κε£Ϊ֪ʲôΪؼڡ
˵ǰ˫Ӵۣȫʢʱڵ˫ӴۣҪԴǧҲҪȵԼķѾסǻԪ磬ǧΣûдǧû˫ӴҲʱᱻ
ħ׵Ŀӷ磬£»֮ᷢǰһ˵ǧûľѣɾһεԿԵóһۣǾǣǧʱᱣóӷİȫͬĳѪ㣬ڳӷܵвʱͻԶֻ
پˣѾӴֵ·ľڵĹˣһ·ϰȫٶ˵˼ʱ䣬ܵľڵĹˡ
ľط棬ڻ½Ѱҳӷ磬Ϊӷ˸ı·ߣľػеųӷ˵һôңĵڶַڶ½ļʶϵͳ޷ҵӷ˵λá
ϢʶȫپڲҪʲôȥϰֻҪ˫˫ţӣѾ㹻ˡ
ӷλڴֵһô֮ϣǧ֮⣬ħǸλãֻûκεĶˣڹ۲죬Ҳڼӡ
Цѽ½ϣľûзֳӷ˵٣ħȴˣֵǣħ˳ӷ˵٣ӦøľزŶѽħû
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ħҲվһô֮ϣ˵ģڰǻԪԣͬʱħ󣬻վڰˡ
ħȻ˰ǻԪԣ˵ʲô˵ħûжκεˣ˵ħѾ֪֪Լݣȴûֱӵƣΰķʽھ氵ˡ
໥һۣȻֶħ֪ħʲô˼˵ǻԪԣڸԼˣǵ飬ʮҵݣҲѾˣԺ󣬾͸Сһ㣬򣬲ҪǵļˣͳͳҪ
ʵѾ˾ħߣɰȴӷġڿǲˡ
вħݣ˫ӴݣԵв氵ˣ־棬ҲħԣǼǳС飬ڰ˶ԣȴǱ컹Ҫ顣
̾˿˵ҲգҲգ
һ䡰ҲաڸħûˣҪʲôǾɣֻϣӷܹմǧ򣬾ۼΪǿڵĳӷ磬Ͳܸħ
㿴½ӷҪõʱ£
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㽫ӷ˵ٸľصĻǳӷҪ½ͱضҪɱġ
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ѵ㲻ã̫򵥵飬̫Ȥ˰ɡǰΪʨӴǳۣȻڷֲǱǰ㣬ǾҪúһѡ
ħԳƶѾˣӡҡˡ֣ۡڰǻԪ磬ǿʦı֮⣬ֻˡ
û뵽Ȼ˫塣֮Уһ˫֮⣬λ˫ӴۣҲһĴˡ
Щ飬ᣬֱܱӵҪĺá۲ֱӵݣɼȻѾ˵˳Ҳڸۣ߱ػǲġ
ħֲɵܻ᲻֪ԼݵƣΪԼֻΪ˱ȫǵļ˰ˡ
ǴɷģǻԪ緽棬û˸ҶǵļһͷΪĳܹȥ˱һҲӦ֪Ĵǧ磬ڱ۵ƿ֮£ǿҲиƵģȴͬʲôʱ˵ʮۣйսģ
֮սִڼм䣬Ե̫СˡԵĻǻѡԹۡ
ÿΪ۵ѧ֮󣬾עǱˡ
ħҲɴ࣬Ȼ㰵ҪѻңҲҪ
Ҳ˵ڵǣüֵģ
ǵȻģûüֵ۵ѧǾãۻ𣿡
ʦڵ㣬̫ӷڵ㣬η˴ǧ˵ĻǸ˭Ըˡ
ѽʵǷ̶ˮжû֪ɳӷ粻ͬŴǧҲ֪ôʹãôʹôǧ򶼲֪ãۻɻĴڣڣҲվˡ
ȷһԵвκˣһʱ䣬һдۣġħڲûҪһһд۵ĻƾӷŴǧҲ޷֮ƥеģͬħ˵ǰ㣬ر֣֪ôʹãǸûһ
˿̣پѾӴпٳһ··еϰȫˣӷȴûħκεĶǼһЩʲôˣһ֣ľԼ٣ѵϷģϷţǻֱԼ½Ͻһݵأħһôľеġ
Ҳô࣬ӷĿģΪ¶½ɲǸЩеûġ
·Ѿˣڿֱӵľ֮Ƿǰ
šֱɱȥǾûҪľؿˡ
ӷ絥һӣһǰơ
ͬʱڹ֮ڣľںͷʹŭ˭ܸңӷˣ׶㵽ʲôطȥˣ
ûзֳӷ٣ľصûף֮£ӷʱɱġ
ľ壬ܳӷʲôطǶҪʱ׼С˵
׼˵Ӱûô׼
Գӷ˵Ȼһ£Ǿͻþһֶȥ쵽ġһСʱͻɱˡ
һСʱ
Ҳ̫СӷˣҪһСʱ𣿾ԲҪ
ϡ
֮⣬һĴľصˣȫΪ֮һ
˵ӷҪһСʱŻɱĵģϾľصĵڶַСӷҪǰ㣬ϢͨľԴ·УϾڴ½ϵķͬûκοƵģֻҪȵһըͽΧеըľؾͻ̷֡
ڣһСʱ컰䣬棬Ѿ˴ɱҽ
ɣӷѾɱˣ


2822 ⳡең
֮⣬½һѾŸסˣΪʱӷ缸ѾԳӷʵ½ϣܵ㲻ҪĻҲѽӷҲɱôˣö½ļһ֪ȻҳӷѾˣ½Ͳˣ
ʵӷٻе㲻˼ģô½ľһֽģǰĶ½ʵϣڷ棬ҪǿɳӷΪ˵ھŴ½½⣬һ˵˵ǻв˼ĸо
ɳӷʲôˣңʲôʱ˼ˣǰ̳ϣ棬ҵˣԼթޱȵֶΣҪһеõֵģǰˣҲˡ
νĺˣνӢۣڳ˵Ͳ㣬ԽʼѾˡ
Ȼӷɱ񣬳ʵ滹֮⣬˵棬ӷ綼ѾԽ˳ҵκһˡ
¶½ǳӷҪ飬ΪԼͬʱҲΪ磬ľʶĻӦùԹԵĽ½ǧҪô˺رʱ򣬲ҪħЦ
սվڸͲҪӷ綯֣ǰЩСɫ˴սһվԽЩһͳͳĨɱ
ģǰ˵
״һս½һָΪ֮ǰľѾɳһȥ赲ӷ磬Ҳֻһְˡʵ½ֲɵӣǸôľƣѵǻ᲻֪ħҪ¾磬ΨһֹģֻгӷһˣȻˣֺαӲҪʱӷΪء
֮ǰľȥ赲ӷΪǰľƣǲûлģľԼȥɣĹӷ磬Ǿ˵ҲʸԸħЩˣȻͲҪһӷˣȫľصġ
෴ľضӷ磬Ǿȫ˵ҲûʸħȻˣЩˣΪʲôҪġ
ʵϹŸϢ֮󣬶½ѾвҪˣֻǸʱħų˳ЩǰȥͶ˵ȫɱˣڶ½һϢҲȫ侲û˸ȥˡ
񣬳ӷ˹һҪռݶ½ģֻҪӷռ˶½Ƕ½ȻȻ͹˳˵£ˣԼЩˣΪʲôҪƴء
׼û˸ǰЦһȻǲҶ֣Ǿͽľعʱͷڹ𣿡
׻䣬ͼڹڣһ˳ֱӾվ˶½ǰ棬ӷԡ
ףΪǰ˸磬ӵĵϷӻˣʶģϸӹֻ
ӷҲѾվ˵ľصʵپǲ£ɱϾľӵ֮ʥ޼ⲻòóӷӱСģûʥ޼֮ǰپκһˣľصĶ֡
ľأڸ·һԼ˳½ڿʼ½ҽ֣ͬʱʥ޼ڶԲˣˡʥ޼ҲԲֱ
ӷɲľطϻҲûʱϻħڸɲħԼЦ
ӷ磬ǲ⡣½һֽģ㵱˭ƾʲôҪ˳ʥ޼͸ˣ˵ֻֻ֮֮һҲġ
֮⣬Ҫҿս
ѵʲôʱ¹𡣡
ȷû¹ңҲûӮҡڵ򣬻ھģڵĺģʣľʲôʱӮȰ㻹ûôǰˣԹ԰˵ȥͶҰֵ£ҽҲΪ㡣
ϻ˵˵˾Ͷְɡ
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ӷ磬Ϊܲ𡣾ֻ֮ʥ޼ҲһսΪ֮䣬һ˲ģ
һˣ
ӷ粻Բľ˵˭ӷپȴ֪˵û뵽
˫һתߺħزؿɲ硣ȻˣǾɡ

ڹ⣬ֱڳӷľصм֣ħʱ֣ʵֵģûնԸǧ֮ǰħֱӶ֣Ҫ֣Ҳһˡ
ӷ磬ľأܴҽֻϷġ
ڰǰԳơۡԡҡԳƣԣħǲڳӷǰ¶ԼݣҲʱ߳ӷģ
ǲвŮ˾ͺܲˬƴЦû뵽ħѾһвŮĹӣ֮壬˲Сĸıѽ
Ƹղһһ˵ľѾϳ֮ǰ÷ԼԷǶ֣ܵģͬʱҲˣر˺ڵ󷨡
ԭ㡣ûȥˣ㵹Լˡ
ľȽŪɳӷվţľҲû취ͨӷѽ
ħƣвŮЦҵ˭أԭǵ񷶦ơ
ʲô
ľҲǴΪԾû뵽ʿȻǵ񷶦ѹԼķƣɱˣҲǰ첻ġ
ԭơѹһмˣ㣬˹ħһȻ鴫ѽ
˵ľأҲΪУ½ôã飬ҲѾˡ£ŹͬĵˣħȻҵǰֻҪȫ֣ɱҲһܸɲС˺ġ
Ц
ľ˵ħ˵ƣƾڵ㣬Ҳ˺˵Ѿǲ񷶦סˣ㻹ǣڵңӵŰǻԪǿʣǰ˸񷶦֣ټЩˣҵǰҲֻǸϷǸЦˡ
һϷһЦ
֮ǰӷһоʹûƢħڿŵĺѽȻ˵ӷǸϷǸЦ
ǶϷЦħҲʱϻĻھͷΪ˸ʲô֮壬Ҿ㡣
ǵ֮ǰӷԸոת֮ħʱħһӷҲǸʱת䣬һжֹ֮ͣһлָħħ̼ʧǵǸʱħ˵ʲôʨӴۣǧ
Ҳ˵ڴǧ飬ħӦ֪


2823 ӷ
ӷ磬ڵ㣬ǰԽǰѾʧȥŵıǮˡΪħǰħ𣿵֮Ϊ֮ǰ۵ĳ֣ûúһ£ڣʶʶʲôĵ֮
ħӷһҲֻڳӷЩ˵ǰˣɱӷ磬һܹ˰ɱ˳ӷģӷ绹в֮壬ҪǾľġ
ħѽħΪ֮壬浱˲ãĵ֮ǡ
ӷ绰ûһ˵꣬˵ͬʱ˫Ѿ˲ӣħȥһҲη壬һٶپ˴󾪣ȫ˳ӷǰƲóӷ翿ħƵġֻгӷ֪پ˵ľٶԲ赲Լڶʱǰ˸Լһȶħչ
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ӷ绺پҲû˿ԥ˵˳ӷ
£ӷ磬㻹治ֻˣֶǰ򵥡
ħղŲҼʶһĵ֮Ҳ֪ĵ֮ҵĴǧǿ
ӷ֪Ĵǧѽܿ϶ǧ򵽵Լ֮ǰĻþԭ֮ԶħҪ˵ֻΪ̽ħѣ֪֪ǧ֪Ǿ֤ǧĴڣħη壬Ǿ֤ǧĵ֮֮ϣħԥǾ֤ǧĵ֮Ӧͬһȼġ
Ȼӷ˵֮ʱħ̾һˣǴĿųӷ磬·˵ѵѾ֪˴ǧ֪ˣӦҲ֪ʨӴ۲Ŷѽ֪ʨӴۣҲض֪Լ˫Ӵ۲ǡǣӷֻ˵ǧ򣬲û˵ģħֲɵӣӷ̽Լġ
ɼȻ̽Ǿ˵ӷ֪һЩڴǧ飬㻹֪ȥã٣ǧѾ𵽻ĹЧ
˿̵ħ治ɲԵ֮壬ȥԿǧһ˲˳ӷ磬û˵֮ᷴӷ½ָµ飬ľǾģħȴȥ
Ȼ֪˴ǧǾóĴǧ򣬷Ҽʶһɡ
ħԳӷ緢ѣղҪҼʶ֮ôַˡ
ӷ²ɵһĵ⣬ԣǧĴڣңħڴǧҲһη壬Ѿ˵˵ʲô
֮壬ǰǻԪĵһʣǳԽ֮ĴڣǺεȵǿ
һˣʲôˣֻҪ̣ǾͻоԵĵǰĳӷв񷶦Ϊ̣˴ǧΪֻ̣Ҫڣǻɣʲô֮廹ǵ֮壬ͳͳɡ
ȻӷֱӾͼħϾǧĴڣԼǧһ㶼˽ģʲô˽£ӷԴǧȥӭսսħأ
ӣħҲµʱѽղŲ˵ڵңѾûǰıǮ𣬼ȻûǸǮ㻹ԥʲôְɣһȭһһţ£ˣǽأҲҳӷĹء
ӷӲԼ߳κεӲݣһˣǾòһдۣЩӲݸ
ħųӷ˫ۣӷ粻֪ôǧĻ˵Ļѵһװƣڰϻɡ
Ѿڳӷ³ԹüοˣħɲٳԿûյ飬ھԲȥˡ
״ЦҿνħϴǰҶһ¡һϹӰɣӦ֪ľħҲֻϴ˵ĵʶʵħϴǰ϶㡣ڣħΪУЩһӦúҪǾͶǳˣϴҲ˵ˣֻҪԸǳ˵ĻϴǾԲ˵ģǰϴг𣬻Ǹǳ˵κһгֻԸߣǾǵˡ෴ЩԸǳ˵ģҲΪֻҪ뿪֮޹ˡ
ⷬģֻһֶĶѣ˼ȷҪˣȥģھͶ֣ͬ뿪ĺĴ½ûһʵǾ͸ɾȥһͨˣ򣬾ҳ˲ɱǣħҲŹǵģħѪ֮󣬿ɾͲԴ߸ͨˣͳͳһ
׻˵꣬½ҲһۣԼ·ôߡڼ˵ĻӷȷǿԱԼЩ˵ľɱԼǳΪҲỵԼģһᱣԼľ֡
ͬģ˳ˣǰħӲܶԼЩɱˣɱ˵ˣǵųӷ棬ǲ͵ڳӷĶˣ飬ӷǾԲġ
˵ۣľؿʼҲ֪ųڱ˵ϣҪͶˣԼҲһ취ûУԼҲܾ½͸ӷɣ
ӷ磬ħǵ׻򲻴ǲĻ򡣡
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ӷϲľغܶʱǴһͿһʱѵû뵽ħڲҶ֣Լٽľظſ£ʥ޼½ͲҪԼȥˣΪԼ˳Լģ


2824 ʥ޼
ħľضӦ˹鷳ˣ֮Уӷ½һ˴磬ɳӷȴûǰںģһȫԸģӷҲֻ˳һѶѣȻܾܾܲɣ
ʵܶʱ򣬺ܶ飬ĲЧֻҪʱ˺ͣ־Ҫصʱٲȥһ飬ҲΪصشٳµġȻڵĳӷ˵Ҫ¶½һģֻ֮ǰȫûϵʽڶ½Ҫúøлһħѽη˴ǧ򣬳ӷҲö½ϵΪԱĵѾѡ˼ˡ
һ£˿ѾӷǱ߿£ľ֪ˣԼòｨӷ˼£˼Ҷû֣ʲôûǿƲֹͣģӷΰ㣬½һˣ½ճˣ
˵½ԭΪ½Գӷ֮ǰо͸ý֮ǰĶ½µģ˵ӷҲ¹֮ǰĶ½󷽵Ķ͸Ҷ˷磬ʵǸʱ򣬶½ѾճˣֻΪ֮ԭʹǶ½Ķ½
ҲãȻǾ˶ֵıǨ٣ľǰųӷ罫Ķ½һǿķߣｨ˵ȫ¸ݵأھŴ½˵ҪõĶ࣬ϾʱӷΪصĹϵֻȫʵϣ棬˵棬ӷȷԵġ
½ľһֽķϳʵ㱻ħ΢Խһ㣬ӷҲţֻҪ½ߵķڶʱ֮ڵֵסħĽǳӷоԵİգԼ˵ʵٴγԽħ塣
ȻľزܾߣΪӷ绹Ҫϵõһ
ӷѾõûеõô죬ӷҪõʥ޼
ʱ򣬶½֮Уһռѷ죬ħһռѷĳֱ֣Ӵһۣ㻹û꣡
ûռѷ죬ǳģħһգۼͻᵽڵɲǳ۵Ķ֣ٲߵĻƳҲԲȳ˫Ӵۡ
ӷ磬ãÿεؼʱ𶼻㡣
䣬ħٷϻֱӷˣһߣóӷڶ½ȹһ£½ħβˣҲħΪӷܵģΪܵģ٣ӷı̣ħη̣㣬óӷ½û˺֮ǣ
ʵħεжǴģΪ۸ûг֣Ҳʱ֣еĿռѷ죬ֻǳͶˡ
һ޴⣬ӿռѷӿӷͬʱ̧ͷǿһ޴ʯ㣬
ľ˫ķǳҲʮֵĳԾ˵ʥ޼
û͹ģɲڳǲʱ򽻸ӷģǳһˣʱ̣۲ʹá
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֮һʥ޼֮ľڵʥ޼ҲڲƵľضʱףǳǣʥ޼Ҳ˵ʥ޼һ̣
ȻѾҪʥ޼ӷˣľȻ˿Եֻǿӷ񣬺ǶݺݵһھͽӷƵġ
һʥ޼Ҿ帴ʵ̫Сֺη
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½ȫζ漴Ĵ½Ҳζһ£ļۼûоԵƵĻǾͽ޴ƻ
ڣĳӷ磬ѾȫԿļˣ˵ļۼӷҲǿȫƵģ֪֮ǰ񷶦У˲֮⣬ļǾۼԿħģȻĲ񷶦ĵ飬ĳӷѾԽ񷶦ȻҲĵģҪĲ񷶦ĸӵɣ
ʥ޼ɡ
ȫںϣļĻӰ˳ӷϷ
ƺ˺ˣļ˳ӷھŴ񷶦֮⣬ûܳܵǵȵĲ
ˣپˣȫȥ
ӷĴĻӰ˳ӷӷһĴڣĴڳӷĿ֮£Χųӷٵת
½֮⣬˵ҲѾеĳӷ磬֮ǰľظħȥöɷͬʱ󾪣û뵽ӷѾõʥ޼
ļˣѾõļˡֻҪٵõȫۼˡ
һҶһ峤Ҷ߲ʽӷа취峤Խս֮󣬵ڣӰûУҲ֪Ǽһܵʲôطȥˡ
ڽս۵ʱһ˸סˣңϹҲӦ˺ǣ峤Ӧòᶪ˲ܰɣ綼ģԣ߲ʽԼӷ綼ǺԶ
ӣѾ˶½һûжֵµġڣȫ϶֣²ǵսߡ
ūΪ˵ĵһ·Ԫ˧ֱӵȫ
ڵĿūһ£ȫ½ȥͷ·һ޿ɼ꣬׹½
һ棬ħûֱ뿪Ǹվ½Զ֮ų˵ȫ½˵ǵۺֻû뵽ӷѾ֪˴ǧ򡣡
Ѿ֪ˣʵ
ûȻ֪ˣԲ֪ʹáȻ˵ӷ磬Ǳ۸ۣ֪ʹôǧΪҪȫƴǧΪãǾͱҪۼҪռռдǧ򣡡


2825 
ӷѾռ˶½Զ½Ϊһߣͬʱڶ½ϽȫµĸݵأһΣڹʵ˵˷ϾľһӴķӷ粻ܶõġ
ͬʱΪʥ޼ĹϵӷѾӵļʵƽһ󲽡ȱӷҪģ취Ҷƭ½峤߲ʽԼ
Ҫħĵ֮壬µĴǧӷһ֪ôٴνǧ֪Ҳ˵ӷ粻ܿǧΪ̣ڣľȻˣĸȴӷվһһӷֿԵõ츳ˡ
ľĹֱӷΪ˳ĴţѾرūȫ׼ýħսӷȻҲҪʵģĴĴҲӷھҪ츳壬塣
ڳ棬صʮ֮࣬پ˸ϹǼ񷶦ҲѾƵĳ֣öɷǼʮο͸ԯȸһģڳӷҪʱˡ
ֻƵڶ޷ܣԼȻͻȻ֣ڶ½ôã˵ǰĶ½ʱѾˡ
ңһ˵ѾĴңʣһˣΪЦǣҵˣȻҲڳ֮У֮ǰ½ҡ
ΪһΨһûн忴ã˸ˣʲôȥơ´УƵõУӦúúÿüŶԣƲûò˵ֻʣһˣ⵼ûȥƣվڳ֮⣬ҲƷǳԶһҿҲ˵û
Ϲ֮Ĳ񷶦˵ǶΪϤһҲֻеϤˡ
ʵƵ뷨ǴģʧˣȫܹϾڣ񷶦ڵңĸǴڵģӶɷĶңϹңǶ𣬲˵Ǹ࣬ǳҵģ񷶦ȫ˵һͷֻ֣ǰĺ֮ڣҲǶһˣ
ڳӷ˼ڳڣ츳ϾҪӷˣʱӷӵ츳ˣֻľһңͿԻߴ츳ս˵ֻҪܻߴ츳ѾʸڰǻԪˣοӷ绹Ĵɹ˷츳֮ڵĳӷ磬ȥǻԪһˣȻǰǣӷоԵʵû֮ŵ£һѷͨǵʵ֮ڣҲͳһ˶ѡ
֣ӣСӣѽ
Ϲſ˿ԶƣƵ֪Ƶݺ󣬾һֱû˵
̾ҡͷ˵ϹϵܣϹһڣزҲû㡣
ϹЦһ˵ϹңһֵܵģҲ֪СʲôˣȻôꡣҸ֮ǰͽи˵ھŴֵܣֻϧѽڣϹ֮ˣһˣһʵ屻ˣ˵ϹңǺඣ
Ϲ˵ˣȻ佣ƴţϹϣϹŻԵһ佣ƴţģֻϧ˵ˣϹҲǺΡ
Ϲϵܣ鷳㣬ҽСӽйЩ˼˵ΪȵģҲһɡ
ϹЦһ˵֣˵ʵСӣĲġ㣬˵й֮޲ġˣ򸴺ҲҪ˵̫صĻġ
Ƶ˵ͷľֵµʱ򣬾Ѿ˵Ƶ飬֮ǰı½ĳУò˵Ƶı֣ûжҵӡ
һᣬѾϹŴ˹ƣһֱǵͷģǣҲһ仰û˵ǰƵ˿
ͼ˵ܶʱ򣬲˵ǧҪá
ԼʮӺơ顱һֱӹǰ˵ûãסҡ𷣡
ƿЦһҡͷ룬ΪȵҲû˵ɣøȥԺøϣҪ˵ҵˡ
ƴ˻һԱϹż񷶦ȫһ㶡
ƸʲôЩﶼûУħһս˵ﾡѽҲ֪ʲôˣһѪȴҪңҲ̫˵ȥ˰ɡ
Ϲֲε˵ǲȥ廰ģϾ˼ҵļ£Լ˵ˣҲʡ
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ڲã򲻸á
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⻰ϹǼ񷶦û˵ѵңаﲻɡ
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ʮĵ˵ͷʵʲô뷨µľƣʲô
˵սϡ
Ŷϸ˵˵
սΪħŹǣҪǻԪ磬ͱҪѪȡѪΪ죬ǱҪӦսġǣʵħĵ֮һĲ࣬ԣҪħħ忪սͬʱȥħյߣħƸ۵뷨ۼߴ츳֮󣬲ħħһսʱ򡣡
ĵ˵ͷ˵˵Щ֮ǰġڣּһǻԪ硣֪ǻԪѾһػˣȻһػǾڶǻԪһ֧Ԯħο
һ㶣ǻԪһ֧Ԯħƴûġ
⡭
ᣬѽ¾֪һ棬Ҳ֪ķ档ħ̫ˣֻħĻǺܺöԸ£һ˫Ӵۡ
ЩƲֱ˵ڣպ֪ڳ˸ողȶʱ͸ħ˫Ӵ֮Ĺϵ»˵ľĶң


2826 һ磡
˵ʵû뵽˵һ㣬ⲢܹƣϾƻ֪ħ˫ӴۣǻԪ緽ˣҲܻڣϾ˫ӴһػѾǺܲˣ͸ǻҪħǻԪ𣬾ͬӷǰ㣬˫Ӵػϣĵģܲܲϵ˹ɡ
˵û뵽˵ǲ㣬˵Ƶ⣬ֻ˵ڻ֪һЩˣ
ʱ򣬳ڣѾ˾ص顣
ǿͬʱڳϿճ֣γһֻˣһ޴Ůˣ˸ŮˣڿٵںΪһ壬ȫ˳
ڳˣͬʱȥΪÿһ˶ܸоһӳڱϹţȸԯĲ񷶦ӵ۷Ĳ񷶦Գܵģ˵Ļ»ᱻ
ɹ𣿡
Զɽûڳ⣬Ǵűվһɽ֮ϣųǱ
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̫ˣ̫ˡ̣㿴ҵڵܴħô
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ʵ޷ش𱬱⣬ϾħѾ˰ǻԪĵ֮壬ʵһôĳ̶ȣ˭Ҳ֪
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еʧǵҪʲôʱ򣬲ħŶ
ǿҪۼ֮ߴľ֮⣬ҪľصϻõģľزԸĻӷͲܻáľǸˣѽ
ȷߴرľصϣҪľľ֮⴫ӷ磬ǹ˼ǲ̫ܵģҲ˵츳˵ӷĿǰҲֻǵΪֹˣΨһܿģ
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ֻѷУֵģǽƣǡһʯͷɽһǵʯ
ʲô
һͬʱڳǱߵпūǱߵͬѾ½ľظδˣȫǴѷгֵһʯͷΪԾ
û֪ǵʲôطȻǿɽһǵʯͷ֮󣬾ͷ·ѷȶסˣѷ죬ûٴʧ·ҪǰõͣƵġ
ʵһҲֵǿʯͷ񣬶ʮѿ
׻ΪΥ˳۵ڹڳ۵ǰ׼ܷû뵽ֵĶóֱӺ˰׻֮ǰΪ׻ҲѾվʵʨʲô
̾˿˵ӷʨӴ۵Ѿ¶ǧҲѾֹˡǻԪǱߵ˫ӴۣѾжˡֻû뵽ǣ˫Ӵ۾Ȼһ밢ǻԪ֮ͨǿʯͷǰǻԪıɽһǣССһ֡
ʲô
׻ֱԼĶ䣬ճ˵ǴѷгֵʯͷʵǰǻԪˣֻģֻǰǻԪıɽһСǣһĲְˡ
˫Ӵ۷𣬾ȻһôһǾ͵һѽ
ʨӣ˫ģҪˡ
û뷨ûǧĻҲɽ˫Ӵ۵Ŀģǧ򡣵Űɣħ棬һиĶ
ھŴ½ħڡ
˶Ǿ̾ԣҲû뵽˫Ӵ֮ǰԼػѾ˲СڣȻһǻԪ¶һǡ
ǱߵıۣѾʼжˡҲ̫࣬ǱߵıģҲôˣҪۿǻԪ磬ȿǻԪ֮ı۾ܽϣֻҪߵı۽ϣ۵Ϳȫָˡ
ʵӰǻԪǱߵ
ǧ򣬲Сӣӷг۳֪֪֪ǧã֪Ҹ߳ӷĻԱȫ͵ֵסӷġû취ѽľƣѾչˣǾñĸҵɡ
ǻԪһǳ磬Ҳ˵ħѾԴӰǻԪǱߵˣΪѷ첢󣬰ǻԪǱߵ˫ӴҲܿѷˣôһ㣬Ѿһٶһ㣬Ǳߵ˫Ӵ۾Ҫľˣ
ԸԸӷ磬᲻ỹӰǻԪ
ѵΪۻ֮ǰǧûг֣ۺӷֻҪ۲֣ҪǻԪ磬ҲǺܼ򵥵ġڣʵ֤۱治֣һؼʱ̣ðˣñ۲òػ۵ˣȻǵġ
ɶս˵ػܷʲôսϣ𵽹ؼԵáȻǻԪǿǿҲ٣ڵľʲô֯սϣܴػ
Ҫػ̫ǿˡû鱨ɱ˵ػڰǻԪ綼ģΪǳ̳ġǣڱ۴ħ֮ǰѾ׼ˣһ׼ܾã˺ܶ֯Ҳ½Ĵ½Ҳб۵ڣΪûǧ֮£ɵĽǻԪ𣿡
ħһ˵ʱһ
û뵽˫Ӵ۳ﻮĿ湻湻Զģ磬֮ǰѾźһУѻͬʱеģʮ֮һѽûǧҲǿޱȵĴڣ
һھһ˶½ɡ
ħһźɫݸ˰ӹһϲûκε֣ȴһǿʱеľ
Ҳסȥ½ʲô
𡣼ȻǻԪѾ¶һǣΪĳӷ磬ȻҪǰϲһµġ
Ҫӷ磿
ûǸոս츳𣬻ľصʥ޼츳ļѾǳǿˣⳡ磬ܾġ
ħ˵ɣֱӾ͸߰ӷ磬һ磬ҪӷҲҲ㲻Ǿ˵ӷʵģеħ֮ǰڶ½ϰӷµ磬ҲʱʧӰ٣вķˣӷ絨СĵԸ㶼ȥʣ㻹ʲôȥĵˣӱ˵Ǵĵˣ
⣬ħ˫ӴۣΪӷµһ磬ӷ粻òһǳӷҪԵģħǰ˫ӴۣһħӰǻԪȫ


2827 ħ룡
˵ĴŻ򿪣ǿĳһֱӵ֮ȫΪƽء
ӷվڴſڣݣ˼Ѿľϥɫ԰ףָʱ򣬹˼֮ڶˡ
˵Ѿȫ˹ӷӴ߳ǵ󣬳ӷѾ˿ˣ·һ豹ӣһͨˣϣѾȳˡ
ڳӷͷ·𻹳һֻʨӣѾɽϹĳԶɽŮ˶໥һۣԵĺǳԾ
磡
Լ۾ΪѾӳӷϣг۵ӰӣֵʨӣȻֻ֮ʧˣܶˣġ
֣⵽ô£ΪʲôӷϣдӰӳ֣
Զɽҡҡͷ˵ⲻѽѵӷ۵ĴУ۸ûгֹѽ
û֪⵽ôһ£ӷԼ֪Լϴų۵ӰˡȻ˵ڳӷгӰӴڣνġӰӡһĴˣȴֲȫֻһָоѡ
ӷȫǰһսūȫĿųӷ磬ûκ˵һ仰
ʱ֮ǰһǣ˳ӷע⡣
ӷ̧ͷȥǰһǣĳӷ綼ʮֳԾģ˵һ˫Ӵ֪ۡѾļȫȸɡ
Ϲŵ֮ǰ֪гֵʯͷôһ£ӷôһ˵ÿһ˶ʱӦ˹رƣΪƸ˵𰢱ǻԪǱߣڣǻԪˣǻǰǻԪһǡ
˼˵ǿʯͷǰǻԪ磿
ţǾǰǻԪһС顣˫ӴۿѾ׼ħǷȫĹˡ
˫Ӵֱӳְħ
⵹ڣ˫ӴĻͲô鷳ˣҪһħһħ塣ʱ˵ģҲֻʱҲܱ֤˫Ӵʲôʱܹˣ֮ǰǱҪħͬħһ򣬵߶һɣ˵һжֵס֮䣬ͽ
ӷ˵һҲû˫Ӵˣڳӷ粻֪ħ˫Ӵ۵£֣ڵĳӷ磬޷ֵסǵһУֱӾǱɱķݣ
ӣǱҪĴ㡣߲ʽԼҪõС
ţѾɳҵţѰҶӸ峤ˣһ֣ҪңҾͻֱȥǣǵ
ľǱߵľ֮ǺˣԼ߲ʽΣǿɹƭ͵ϣӷҲҪŪֲС
ʲôˣ
顣
ӷһ䣬ʱ֮䣬һдԱߵһʯͷ

ʯͷӷһƱֻһɫӰ

ͻȻ֣ó˵ȫһ԰ǻԪħʦʵǿѽ
ӷȴһֹסе˵Ȼ˼ҸһܹȻɵ͵Ϯˡ
Цһ˵Ȼڵʵػɵ͵Ϯ㣬ΪǸûʲô𡣡
ȻˣǾ˵˵ɡǴħģ棬նʹһǶġֻǴԼػģǾͲ˼ˣȥġ
ȻǶԹ㣬Һǰȷħġ
ʲôģ
⻰һӷ͸о˲Ծ԰ǻԪģȴ˵ħģħֻ˫Ӵ۵һôɵĶػͷħɵĶĻǾԵػе鷳
Ȼ˵Ҳǹģӷѡ
ӷ翴Űı飬һ㶼ûΪʧڵԵʶת䣬һ㶮ûеӣ˵ûһħ͸ġ

˵ħʲô
ħʲôҲ֪ղŵĻûʲôè壿
Ȼղ˵ħġħôɵĶǻԪԭⲻ̫ѽ
˫Ӵأ
˼˵ħѾõ˫Ӵ۸֧֣
»ֹ˰ɡ
ӷҲûһۣȲħôɶģħʲô˼
ħ˼ǣڵھŴ½ħһ磬ǰȥȻԴһȥħԲὫ˾֮ġ
ħǹ󷽵ġҽĹħڻֱӸңڳңҴҵһȥǸ磬ħ𡣡
˵ħռĹ㲻ҲһռľصĹʱյĵλʵͲҪںǵСˡ
ȷһС£һ͵ҳӷħģⷿ⣬ҿҪյġ
û⣬һתħǰھŴ½ȥշģǽġ
Ҳʱ򣬵ų棬Ȼһӷˡ
ţĻϲԣҲΪ㡣ͷ°ɡ
֮󣬾ħӣϣ㵽ʱǿƹٵھŴ½
ھŴ½˵磬ҳӷĵ̣ħ룬Ϊ˵ңҲȥġ
Ǽ棬ô죿
ð죬ȵ˵ھŴ½֮һɱˣͷΪ񡣡
Ȼǵʨ֮ӣԵġǺãҾڵھŴ½ħݡ
˵ˣ
ʵҪȥ
ȥҶˡ
̫ΣˡҪϹǰһȥǰ˴񷶦һħҲġ
áѵղûˣ˵ҿԴҵһȥһħھңٴˣ򣬸ղ͸Ǿ䡮ȥġĻ֮ħҪ͸ˡ

پǰ˸ԡ
˸ȥħ
ģħֲɵӣ˵Ǻ磬ѵֱӶҶֲɣҪҲҪ㹻İղѽڵһɱħħҲɱңӵ飬ڵҲħӲ
⣬ӷپ˵ǰ˸׼һ¡ʱ䣬֮ڣҰǳڶ㡣⣬ҲҪǿʵϹǱҪں򣬲ܵǰȥūҲ׼һ£֮ڣپˣһڶ㡣ϹңǬǵԱȫ׼磡


2828 ᣡ
Ϊ֮ǰħԭת֮壬ڣԭûлָǣӷѾļļҪһ磬ǰپǼڶǾûģΪڿūʱ򣬾Բ񷶦ģǸʱۻʥ޼һѡ
ļѾȫ˳ϿգūپˣϹҵȫۼ˳ΧĴ
ˣˣ׼
ӷ֮Уļм䣬·һеȫӿȥ
ϹңǬ£̣ѣϷ塭
ӷһ˼ʮ˵֣ˣȫ𣬷˳֮ϡ
ǿȥϹҵ˵֮Ȼ

ڳӷ纰ڶʱ򣬶ɷ񷶦ȫǽע˳ӷϡ
ǰɷκһ񷶦ûֵܰµκһ˳ǼʱǼ񷶦ǿ񣬳ӷȻͳ֮ǿߣǿūپˣϹǼʮˣ˵˵Աڶڳ硣
ūپף֩룬׷ꡭ
ӷֺ˾Ÿ˵֣پǰ˴սпūһ·Ԫ˧ȫ
ڶ㡣
ӷٴδ󺰣پ˸ū֮ȥ
棬ʿ֮⣬ûбӷģпȸ֮ǰ½һЩɣǣȸΪڣͲҪռһģЩˣΪǳӷţҲûεϾӴɲ̫ӷļҲ޵ģһԣ˵ȫɣĻǻںһħôӾϣ֮䣬ܽħˣħΪһɥ֮Ȯ
ͬʱڵھŴ½ħ֮ϡ
ħˣͬʱ½Ǳߣ˵ļۼȻǿӷȻͬһʱ䣬ô˳磬ǰü񷶦첻ѽ
ħ˵Щģڶģɾǳӷλ
ħʵ̫Сӷˣӷô˹Ļǲɴཫ˵ȫ飬ӷôܻɵȥ
ȥ׼ɡεĺ磬ӷ׼ģĴô˳һΣ治֪ôĽ
˶٣ħ˵ħڣ
ħߣһڹ˳
кηԸ
ڰ˵ǰħҪװȻѾ֪ħԭħǾ͸ɴһɡ
ɳֲڴ½ķֻȳӷһͽ½ȫΣҪӷȥġ
Ȼǽ˳ӷ԰˵Ǿ仰ѽȥģֻǲ֪ħƳӷ磬Ƿӷơ
Ѿˡ
ķ⣬ھŴ½߹
ӷ粢ûд̫Ҳپˣǰ˸ȫѾڶˣǳӷ粻ɵǴħȥ
ͣ
ھھŴ½ǧ֮ʱӷͻȻֹͣ
پǰ˸ڵھŴ½Ƭ֮ڡ
ʲôǲһȥ𣿡
ûǸҪǵսƬħһ׼ģҽھŴ½֮һ˽ھŴ½ʱħɱңҲӵĳȥԣǱҪֲƬħϢĲ
˵һȥ̫Σˡپ׷ȥɣڣһҲסħ
ûġԭǴһȥģǰ˸ֻҪΧЩϲˡ
ǡ
˵ˣȥҲûãȲ˵ǵؼڶû֣ħİ˴ħڵʵҲǵĶ֡ħڳ磬ҳӷ͵ᡣ
˵꣬Ҳپ˵ʲôӷֱӳھŴ½ȥ
ħڣħ˵ˣӷѾˡ
Ŀ湻ġ˶

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ͳӷԼûκ˹
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ӷһģûκε
Ļ쵰֪Ǻ磬ҲѾдĺˣȻҵᣬ쵰ڴʲôע⣿
ӷ˵ħģϾӷͰǰû˿ءڣӷȴһģħ룬ӷ᲻ʲôֻ᲻֮ǰ¶½һѾǱ˵ھŴ½ϾھŴ½û½Ǳߵķġ
ˣӷǻ쵰ǲòһСģͻᷴΪʱǷסˣⳡ磬͵ǸԼڵˡ
š˵ûԸȥеȫڹΧֻһ£ɱӷΧס
ǣˡ
ȻӷҵᣬҲ̫СˡһͬȥӭһλӰɡ
˵֪ʲôʱ֣ȸһؼҲ㡣
ֻҪžˣҪǶ֣ӷһʲôУѵҵĵ֮壬ħһ˲𡣡
ӣ㻹ǲǡ
ⲻŲŵ⡣ҲѾ߹ˣΣҵ˰ǻԪҲúÿԵ̳۵̳Ρ


2829 磡
治ħؼֻ۱һ£ǳ۽̵ԼڰǻԪ̵ǿ
ʵħҲϵؼͲܻĹ齵ԼģֻҪһ£ȥǶһüͷϾؼļˣѾɽˣɽǱǾԲģ˺ؼгԱļˣ뾡һа취ΪĿǰλãû֪˫Ӵ۸֮䵽˭ǿһ㣬Ҳû˿Կ϶˫Ӵ۸۵˭˭ӮһǳӮˣǻԪ磬ҪˣǸʱɽûؼļˣǵһģϼһ
ȻԼóֶԸӷ磬Ҳ֮õģӸħ뵽һȥˣҪħӰǻԪĶЩʲôˣЩ˸ԼЩΡ
ħ⣬˸ħħҲѾȫԱЩħΧƬ֮⣬ħħΧȴû̫أΪħ֪ôأᱻӷ緢ֵģȻˣǾӰɣⳡ磬ҲѾ߹ӷˣȻӷǾ˵û¡
УһѪ£ͬʱѪУɢ⣬һſŵը㣬ըħΧ˾޴ƻ
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ûУӷԼһһڣȴƽЩˣֻ˵ûá
Цһȷӷһ͸ôĶھħħǧҪжħΧֻҪһ֣֮̾ء
Ȼ˶ѾˣǾͱˣˡ
ħǲвŮеĳӷ纰
ӷֱӽ䣬ѪʧħϴʽЦ˵ħ˵ĳ磬Ҳ̫˵ȥˡôݼ𣿡
ӷ磬ݼѾµˣҲһҶԣûļ񣬱Ҫˡ
һԣȸղǷҪҪĶࡣ
Ŷѵδݼ񣿿ɲҪģʹˣ̫̼ѣ治ˡ
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ħ˵ӦñȸղŵҪҪĶɣ
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ȷԸĻңһǳмġ
Ȼû⣬ÿһ˶һǿǿߣبһ죬ħҲˡҾţһ֮ģһǺܾ֮󡣡
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ħĵ֮壬ӷļǧ˭˭Ҳɱ˭ģͬ˫ɱ˶Է£Ǳһ־ս
ӷ磬Ƚ빬ɡħѾ׼磬רŽӴġ
ҵǲԣжԣòġҿ˵ǰ棬ǧҪҺȾƣΪҲǾãƷҲôأһƷʲôõ飬ǿɲҪҡ
ӷһЦҲħԼˣԼͳħȥߵſ˵ӷ̧ͷһšħ֡
ҵĳʲôʱħˡ֪ļһը
ӷ絥һӣֻ¡һըħֱ֣Ӿͱը˷顣
£ħŭˣԼƶˣⲻڳԼ
ӷ磬Ҳģ
ϻԼѾ˵ĺһ磬ȻǺ磬ҸǷϻô˳۵ģͳͳ
䣬ӷһ·ħ߽ȥ棬ħһ·ӷһ־ͽһħʿץ˹ӷץħʿֱӾͷء
һĻںİ˶ľӷҲ̫ˣħĵϣȻ˵š
ģͳͳҹȥ
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һħʿĻܵʲôħͱŵļβ˳ȥģͷʬ̧˳ȥ
ħھɱ˳ӷ磬ġ֪ԼûھͶֵĻԼ֮ǰļƻˣӷǰҪĻزģͬʱҲҪóӷʶһ£Լ԰ǻԪħʦħʿ˵ǵֵסģ
˼ħˣ֪ħڵȣ˵ͬʱҲڵȶԳӷֵʱ
棬һŷʽӣϣ˾ˮԵĶ޵⣬һǺ֮Ϊ߼ޣС
ôӣӳԵģ񣿡ħסеķŭʵ
аɡɱôޣкܶ඼ǼҪֵģϱ˵ĺѵͲԼҲ³𣿡
綼ᱻģǰһ㣬ʲôɡ
˼ǲ˵ҲħУɱһˣ
Ļûɲʲôǵȳ˵ɡ
ϵĻһֽν޺磬ǳ磬ӷ᲻֪ħеʳˮﶼ˶ģ


2830 ħʿ
һӾ綾ޱȵʳӷ粻ʧЦ˳˵ħ˵ǲԲƬԶˡһӶʳѵΪ𣿡
Цļ츳мԪصЩһһʲôûá
ˡħ壬ħԣǼҳ㷹ÿһʳˮо綾ģ綾˵ûκε˺෴ǿǵħ顣
ħ˵ҲûȻħ壬ںڰһ壬Ƕ˵Ȼֻкôûлġ
ѹһĲвŮģǶԶˣԵһԲˡ
ӣ˵ǿһ㡣Ͼˣǿˣ˵ǰûʲôòԶ˵ػǲٵġ
ħ˵⻰ãһ˵ӷһǿ
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Ƥ治һĺǰȻԳˡҲʲôط㵱֮ڣʲôطҵĵ̣ңˣħƾʲô
ħʱҲ̲סˣֱŭӷ磬㲻ҪҪ
仰ӦҶ˵ŶԡħҽѾˣҵĵţңǺ绹ģ죬˭Ȼ뿪
Ȼһ磬ǳӷƨѽɱ㣬ѵɱ
ʱħ⣬Ӱ˽֮һıը
ħʿ
һħңģǾԹ͵κεķԵģǾ˵ˣ͵ħʿ
ˣվħǰһһжһѾͳԳĳȸ˵۵ʥǲġ
ԭ׼ǻԪħʿ
ӷ磬۹⡣Ϊ˶Ը㣬صشӰǻԪͲţ컹ƽ뿪

ӷħ⻰ħôܴӰǻԪң֮ǰҲû˿ε˵Ǳħȥӷģһ𣬳ӷֲɵӣܿеڡ
㣬Ͳħ
ӷɫ䣬֮ǰ룬Ȼ֮ǰǻԪǿʣʮ۲ӵеģħôת֮塣
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ӷ磬֪Ѿ̫ˡ¡
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һˣħʦħӰǻԪģħʿ
쵰
ӷһԶԶԼѽû뵽ħȻǰǻԪ˫ӴۣԼ˵ˣڵֻһ˫Ӵ۶ѡ
˫塣˫壿
Щʲô𣿳ӷ磬½Ѿ۸ڶʱɱ㣬Ҳܡ
ӷЦһ˵ȷ½𣿡
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ħܽħ
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ħŭϼŭָųӷ纰ԭϵۻ½֮Իһ˵Ϊȥ۷ֲƬȥˡ
֪ǲ̫˵㡣Ϊħʿסң
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ӷɲɵϾ˵˶࣬ԼһˣֻԼùǣӷٶȣȥپ˻غϡ
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پٶȣЩħͳͳɱϣǵȳӷˡ
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ɱȥ
˴սÿﶼиֵڵĳ棬ͬӷʱپ˴ɽ㣬ڵ֮սǿ֮սȥ֮⣬涼һġ
ӷһվһɽۣ֮ͬʱħ˳ӷɽ֮ϡ
پ˼ʱ˹ȫվ˳ӷ
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ǲģħǲ֣Ҳȥκ飬ֻܴ￴ˡ
ͻȻ䣬ؾ䣬ɽѣĸɺܱɵĺˮȫӷħϮ


2831 ʻ
ĺĴ½ѾǰǰǿˣĹŻѾ˳ӷΪûлĹŻ֧£˸ǿͬʱ֣˾ĶɻĴ½𶥵ѡ
ɵڣӷ粻ж֣ҪԴˣħʮǻԪǿߣ˸ؼȻᶯ֣ħմӰǻԪħʿɲӷ
νȷˣˣڵ˻ûļ֮ǰȸ˴ǿѹȸУһսϵַҲһ˵ֶΡֻҪˣӷֻоŸˣҲԴħĴƤӵȫˡ
ʵڳӷ֮ǰѾ뵽Ľʲô磬ǸħΪóӷһְϷô򵥵İϷѵӷῴ˰𣬿ɾǿأģҪ򣬾͵ǳӷԼʧԼ硣
ھŴ½ûκεķԣӷҲʮֵ˽⣬ħûзƬ£ֻҪӷ֮ܶƣ磬Ǳ˵ħ˫Ӵۣȫ˫ӴǰӷҲ˿ηġ
ʣ׵磬£ϣѺۣͬʱΧɽȫˣЩѺУð˹ҽƬˣӿһľ޴ˮϳӷħӿ
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ʱħһУֱӶԳӷ綯ֵĻĴ½ھŴ½Ҫȱˡ
ھŴ½ħӳӷġţ˵Ƕİɣųӷ罫Լݵظѽ򣬾Ҫ˻صƵǱȥˣӷӵھŴ½½ʲôҲǰеһˡ
ô˱Ƶĳӷ½Ǵ֮⣬ħ˵һҲûӮӷ磬ûӳӷռ˿ıˣǳӷ½һΣΪǧͻȻ֣ħ⣬Ϊ۵ͻȻ֣ǻԪǱߵԼѹסˣ˵ħһΣҲûռκεıˡ
ΣӷΪ˲Լ磬ٵھŴ½˵ħӷʱɱ˳ӷ磬Ҳ͵ɱʨӴۣħ˫ӴۣͿõĳư԰ǻԪ磬ưǧˡ
ħһԼˣǧ磬͹ӷʨӴõͳˣϾڰǻԪУֻʮۣٳʮˣ㵽ʱҪҲǳϮĴλˣ붼ȥͳΰǻԪ磬ͳǧ磡
ӷȻôĶħҲܸɿʲôѽħǰ˸ȥֹӷˣҾǰ˸һ
ǣħˡ
ħ˴ħȫپ˳ȥÿһ˵ʵгģپ»ֻڶ㣬ͲܵеĹ˴ħ
پˡǼҴ
ǣ
νжסʱ򣬳ӷÿһپ˶ҪӡڿɲģһСģԼû۳ӷ磬ﰭְţˡ
پ˽֮Ҳȥħİ˴ħתͳ½ķȥ
ܡ
ħ˴ħɲŹپˣҲħȫһȥ׷ɱپǵģĶҪֹ
ӷ͵ħǰһЦƾǰ˸¡
Ȼһ󺰣ħ˴ħֻڳӷͷһֵֻʨͷֻʨͷĳ֣ӷԼûע⣬ȴһ޴ʨӺֱӾͽħ˴ħˡ
ħǰ˱ӷ˵ķħ˴ħǰ˵ǲĶ֡°ɡ
ǣħˡ
ħһӣʻڡ
ħһħʿȫ˹ͬʱΧһӰӷ˫һɨϸһ£ʱ֮䣬ħʿΧˡ
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۵ڰǻԪʱһػΪǼӸɱ鱨ռû뵽ħ˫ӴۣȻһʲôʻԣһ֧ǻԪ»ҵĶ飬ػһˣԱħʿһˡ
ħû뵽ȻӰǻԪǱߵôڰǻԪǸ壬ҪôҪһɣҲҪħݣ߿ǻԪˣ
ӷ磬˵ϻ۵ĻʻǱô齨һ֧飬ʵڰǵػ֮ϡ죬ʶһ±֧ǿ
Ǿͷɡ
ʻǻʲôħȽӷס
ħɵΪ֧ʻܹɱ˳ӷ磬˫Ӵ۶ɱ˵ˣˣɱ
ֻħ󣬳˳ӷ͸ϴħת֮壬׷ɱӷһģֻϴħǧԶáһΣħĿֻΪסӷ磬ˣǧȻǲֵġ
ڣ֧ʻӷ绹ҪЩԼ֪
Ĵͬʱ˳ӷϷħȥĴѾϣϳӷһħ֪ɲģҪˣҲԼ˫Ӵ۵ǰѽ
ĴͬСɡǸ۶סˣסˣҲֻ˵ûãǾԲΪκһ˵еĵġ
ħѾ˵ĺˣ˼ҲȷסǾΪǻԪ»ҵıӣ磬ֻ˵Լûãֲñˡ
ӷɲЩһħܴӰǻԪ޵ģһԽЩȫɱħͰæˣðǻԪǱߵ˫ӴʧһǵʱߵħǱߵ˫Ӵۣɡ


2832 ռԾ
ħħ⻤ʻħԵ̫СˣӷڸоʱҲ˿ΪħӰǻԪЩʲô˹أԭˮƽ
ʵ˵ħ֧ʻҪػǿֻսһȻڲͬս𵽲ͬøħĻʻȥ㰵ɱӣռ鱨֮ģ֧ʻ͵ǷˡͬģػȫķȥսĻػȻҪȻʻҪĶࡣ
ͬˣڲͬλϣ𵽲ͬãبһֹɣ
ӷ罫ļǰһƣȫȫ˳Χеħ֮䣬ȫӷƽˣ
һȺ֪ļһҹ
ֻӷ絥һӣ֮Ĺ֮֮޼֮ںһƶ֮£γһ޴ĳɲ֮㣬ӳڷԾֱ߳˳ӷǰһٺˡ
ռܡ
ӷɲսħ̫࣬ĵ֮壬սΪһ־սĻǳԿȻǳӷ磬ԣڵԼǰʲôˣħҲãǻԪҲգӷֱ𡱣һɱһٺ
¡һ죬ľ죬ʹѾԶپˣȫֹͣתھŴ½ķǱߵɽѾ٣սͬһ޵㣬Ƶѹ£أȫѿҽȺ޳Ӳͬķ
ħӷѾɱһѪ·Լòײŵ˻ʻһ°ǻԪԼһûһ£޷ָģϾǻԪ粻ͬǿȷҪǿ࣬һģָٶȣҲҪ߻Ķࡣ
ӷ粢ûֲֹͣ񷶦ʥ޼ĹŻγһߣĹɳӷǰγһսߡ
ûõĶͳͳ¡
ħʵǿȥˣԼԵ̳Ļʻû뵽֮䣬ͱӷɱһٺˣ˵ֱһ裬һǵŰػ棡
󻰣֮ǰѾųȥˣҪðǼʶһ£Լ̳ԶԶЩ۵̳֮ϣأԳӷĲռܣֱǲһϡ
ħ˫ӴۡҵĵϽ٣١
ӷȻսΪպ󣬱Ҫħ֧ʻ޷ȫɱٰɡ
𡭡
ӷٴη˲ռʵ˲񷶦֮⣬ÿһռģֻǳӷյõã֪ռܸȥʹãȥ
񷶦֮ףռȻҲΪǿģ˵ҪĴȥռܣֻҪ֧ܽʻӷҲϧġ
ħȥɲǰ취ӷһоɱһٺˣһȫǹ͵ħʿûκεķԣԳӷĲռܣֻҪǾǱɵġ
ʱħٵˣٲ֣ӷǴҡڵ˵ݰݡɡ
֮塣
ɲǼ䣬ħϱ˾޴Ľ⣬ֽ⣬ȻȻĹŻĹĻҪǿӰһ˻ʻǰӷԣû˿ʾ
󳬼ǿߣԾǵڶΣֻһħǱӷɱĻɫˣӣ죬ħǳ˳ģҪһеֶΣӷס취ӷɱ
ĺá
ӷ籩ŭһĴͬʱǰγһɫĲһԪ㣬أ޾ԭܵشĵھŴ½ٴγһ˺
ħҲ֮˳ǰһдźڹĹӷԣˣͬʱǰĹ򳯶Է˹
ɡһʤɡ
д⣬һɡ
ӷħŭһŭ磬磬ζ
˫ӴۣҲˡ
ӷ˸ʹƶħû뵽ģӷȻֱӾͽ˲ʹУħӦѾһıըͬԭӵıը㣬ѾԻٵĴ½ˣɳӷȴڱը֮ǰȻԼ壬Ӳʹڳ˳ֱӴħĹħһ׼ûе֮£ӷв֪ʱһͳ
ʥ
ħ˫ķǳ󣬿ųӷȻմԼĵ֮һ˶ûУѵǴǧ򱣻𣬷Լ֮ӷһԽǾǱɵġ
ڣӷ粻һ¶ûУһԼдԽ˳ʱ˳۵ʥָħؿڣֱӾͳ˹
סˣСġ
ħһҪȥħֵӷһɳӷǱеͬ۵ʥ˳ħֵܵסġ
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ħ˫Упһ޴󽣹⣬Լ˿̣ħΨһģǺˣܻɵȥӳӷһŵ֮壬ħҲȻԼвҪԼ֮ûǸҪ
ԣħˣҲòˡ
ӷȴˣħ첻ǰں𣬲Ҫɱ𣬿ڣҷ˳ԵֱӶ֣ģҲ̫˰ɣ첻ɫƣ㻹浱ҳӷ۸ˡ
֮أ˫Ӵ۵أħ㻹˸ëѽ֮壬˫Ӵ۵ȫչֳɡ
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ȫһɣħȥȥǽĩˡ
ȻħӷѾͱˣڵħٵȥ
ռ
ħŭһǵصֱѹӷ硣
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˫֮ײٵھŴ½ݣգѺۣǳӷħĲɵġ
޴˫ͷЫӣħϷҿٵĽħǰףЫβͣͬһѷĴ̵ħħޣҲ˫Ӵ۵ħޡ
˫ħ޸ħʱΪһ壬ħȫ˱仯ͱһֻЫӣҲ˵һЫס
ħף
ĳԾҪħ޻Ϊףǿɲʲô˶ĵģħ޵Ľϣһǳѵ飬˵ǽħ޻ΪΪԼˡ
ǵ֮ռ𣿡
˿ħı仯ͬʱӷҲڿħı仯һ֮ǰǲвŮǲ˲ˣʲô쵽ѽ


2833 ĺԨ
ħһħףǸħ޽Ϊһ壬һЫβһ̣ǵ桰ৡһƿռ䣬ǵƵĿռУðʮֹâеĹâȫħħգʹħ˫֣ǯӣȫ£ųǿĲʹ⡣
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ȻһƴǧӴǧͬѵ˫Ӵ۵ռ𣿡
Ķͷð亹ֶΣû˵ӴǧֲͬһǸΪǿ磬ħһУνǾѽ
ӷ˰Ļǧ磬ѵǧʲôϵ
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һವķħУž޴ĶأħоֶǳԼģҪ͵ϮԼ
ħȻһתһӰѾ󣬿ħһŭǿҪֱӽӰϣӰȻΪһź˷ɢֱ仯һȺȺĶѻͣĳħ
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㵽ʲôˣӷҲûжѻħ֣Ϊӷ粻ΪʱħԼ߰ʲôˣҲ˵ѻħħ壬ȴħ岻һģ
ھŴڿɲ˵ЩϻʱٲߣҵĶѻɵסħһֱɱҪˡ
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˵񷶦ĺԨˣҵѾˣھͲҪκεĹ˼ˣˡ
ĺԨ
ѻħȻǵ񷶦ĺԨ⵽ôһ£ĺԨΪʲôħĵħѻħģ
û뵽ѽµİ˴ħ֮壬ȻĺԨĺԨôģʲôʱռѻħ壿ô۾ȻһҲû


2834 ܣ
ĺԨûӣħôţ棬ħʱҲԵʮֳȣһ㶼ţ˵еĺԨȷûκεĳģ
ӷʵҲ֪ĺԨôܻħ˴ħ֮һѻħȥˣ⻹йϷ绯ģ
ħҸо治һáΪֻҪħˣᱻƭҿԺȷ㣡ռѻħ壬ΪѻħѾ㲢ħսУѻħҵݣҲ˵ҶɱǸҵתʵѻħҡ
ħ˵ⲻܡħ֮У˷ħ֮⣬ûκ֪۵ݣ֪ˣΪ۵ǿɱ磬Щˣɲᱳѱۡ
ʹˡҲڵħ֮Уͬħ߸ڣȫѾױϴˣɵѻħħСһ𳤴ģ˵峤µĹϵͬʱҲֵܹϵ㵱ɱħħݣΪ˷ħ֮⣬û֪ǣѻħȴڵһۼ֮󣬾Ѿ֪㲢ԭħֻΪѻħޣܶôһֱڵȴᣬֱʱѻħϵңҴһЭ飬ֻҪɱ㣬ħѻħͿԼʱ޷㣬ѻħҲеϣһ˵ϣҴħ壬ΪպһĲ񷶦öԸĻĲݣ֪Һļ񷶦޷㣬ԣҲŻ̵ڣ̵һܴĲ񷶦֡
ĺԨתͷһ۳ӷ磬˼˵ȴĲ񷶦ȴôĲ񷶦ǳˡѻħҲûʧ˵üΣûаߵĲ񷶦ΪģҲһԣ԰ǻԪ˫Ӵ۸
ӷĺԨ΢΢˵ͷ˼˵Ҹħ壬û̫ĳԹΪ˫ӴۣħҲ磬Ҳ˵һеʼٸߣĲߣ˫Ӵۣħ壬һϵûУħֻǱ˫Ӵ۸ˣ
ħ˫Ӵۣǿ˷ָħ嶼Ѿ֪ݣ֪ħɱڣħ֮У˭ָҷħ˫Ӵأ
ھŴڼǰҽħ˫Ӵ۵ħħΪ֤ʵħأħĽУͲħҲ˫Ӵ۵ܣֻǺܿϧʱħûн˫Ӵ۵ıҷͱħˡڣͷԳ֣ħʵģҰдһתǳȥΪֻǳңſ˫ӴƥС
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ħ˵ôһжѾΪ˶֣ħǾԲܵġ
˫Ӵۣˣħ壬һЩ飬ҿ֪ˡҲ֪˫ӴۣͬʱҲ֪ΪʲôҪ⣬ǻԪ磬ֻһڵĽϰˣǽ֮Ҫģǲһˣͬʱõ
ĺԨ˵ħɾվסˣĺԨ˼ԣԼĿȷ֪ˣھ͸߳ӷ磬Ҳͦ鷳ġ
졣ĺԨûܳɱ㣬죬Ҳ뿪
ħֱӾͳĺԨ˹ӷȴĺԨǰٴħһԡ
ħѾʮ˿̣һƶӷħʮվȽţħһ¶ûУɳӷڵѪҺʼĴǿѹסĻһƶӷҪѪˡ
ħû˵꣬ɱ𡣡
ӷɫ԰ף˷ǳصˣٸħȥĻǳӷͲܻ뿪ˣ
ĺԨ֪飬ȫҡ
ھŴڻҪ뿪뿪ٰ֪֮һж㡣
áߣֱȥ½ɷȫ֮󣬱ţɷֱ֪ĳݡ
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ڿɲǷϻʱ򣬼Ȼ֪˫Ӵ۵ĿģǽҶҲ뱣뿪
ħŭٷϻ˭Ҳ뿪ħʲô֡

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ħһ֣ĺԨغ˫Ȼƽ֡
û뵽Ȼص֮Ҵƽ֡
ħҲ̫߹Լ˰ɡ뽫񷶦ǾͿûǸˡ
ĺԨԳӷ˵ھŴ˲񷶦ռ֮⣬⼸ͬռܡǰۼȻûʹùռܣɶռ֪ܶ

ӷһ֪ռô˵ҸħһѪˣ
ĹŻ磬Ҹʥ޼ĹžŹ档ÿһռܣֻҪȫռܾͻ


2835 شħ
ĺԨĻħĶУħɲɵֻǰ˫֮֮޷ӳԭһռȻֵסһʮֵɣļͬʱռܵĻɣ͸ֵħùˣ
ʵӷںƣղŸħһƶԣӷȻǷڵѪҺѹڵѪȴ˼صˣ˿̵Ĳãڿٵİӷ޸˵ĲλʱħһĻǳӷͱ뿪ھŴ½ˡ
ĺԨȻ֪ڼܣȻ˵ӣԼǰˡ
ھŴ㻹ڵʲô춯֡
ĺԨôĳȣȻ˭ĳںż£ԽǼĻͻԽ˷磬ĺԨԳƵģҲǾŴ񷶦ΪȵһΣѹأҲԼʧȥ˷磬õ˿ԼҵһĻ
ӷ罫ļȫۼΧԼͣתţ񷶦תԼǰʱӷ󺰵񷡭𡣡
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ĹŻתӷǰӷ罫Ĺ֮ȫ˳Ҹ
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󣬺Ĺתǰӷ纰žŹ档
ļеȫ˳ļռܣӷǿأ֮䣬·룬ħ˫ķǳں棬ħЩСɫѾļȫˣΪһḷ́ʧƬ֮䡣
ħͣĺˣʱҲѾоһвϾǰǻԪΪǿıҲʮΪ̵ıϴǧ򣬵֮壬ݺǧ磡
ٶȣжԶ˶ԶӷѾļռܣۣҲǵֵסġ
ħһؿɲȥΪҲǰ
еȫħһȥǲħǱߣ̫һܵġ
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ӷ籩ŭһıռϡ

һӿļռܣȫΪһ壬γһ޴ǿ׼ħֱ˳ȥ֮أһо٣أѺۣӷɲԼĴ½ڷųļռͬʱӷѾ˲ãʱҲԼˣ񽫱ĵĺĴ½޸ãΪҪġ
ħһ·ܣšڣ֮⣬ǲӷˣħҲ֪ӷˣ֮¾Ȼͷųļռڳӷ˵ǻĴģҲ˵Ĵռֹ֮ͣ󣬳ӷͻȫʧһͨˣʱֻһĺԨֻܱҪԼļռˣǷȥɱӷ磬׾ٵˡ
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ļռܣǽΪһģħķٹǿҲ֧ŵġ

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ĺԨӷǰһַֻס˳ӷ磬˵ħԵֵסֵĹռܷĹһɾ޴˺ġǸˣħǾ߲ˡ
ӷ˵ͷʱߣʱ
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ħŭ󺰣ͬڵھŴ½ͬĻصţ
εᣬ㶼ûܰô´Σɱ𣿡
ӷһЦȥħؼ䡭


2836 ݣ
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ħħϵħߣħѪֹͣϲͣķűըȫûһˣ
ʲôħףǵ֮壬ħ˫Ӵû˫ӽ֮ǰļռܣҲǵֵסѽ

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˿˵ʵӷãΪĺԨͻȻ֣˳ӷռܣ½ӷ޷뿪ھŴ½
ѾһƬǽĵھŴ½ҡҡͷ˵ǻԪǱߵ˫Ӵ۹ߵħϣ治֪ʲô
ڲЩʱħһܣҲʧ֮һԲʹ˰ݵģ֮ħһкС
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Ȼħ˸ӷȻҲòȥħһûļý޸ͽеľˣ
ڣӷҲǱپţĺԨһ𣬳½ϡһĻľؿһЦģӷ磬ȻҲнѽ
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ףȻȥõҽƳԱͳͳй
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ĺԨԼӷ˵ģֻϧӷڵľһûе֮£ǿн˵ĻǶԳӷ練к
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ĺԨ֮Ум۷ǿߣм壬ǰ˵û´ĻλһǶɷȲ񷶦ɣ
ǰĺԨɷһħ˴ħ֮һѻħ
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˵գֶپ˵˵ħ巽治һһǰ˸ڿʼӷ硣
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ס˵ӷκ飬Ҷʡ
ĺԨ˵ȻھŴڻûѹЩ飬һҪôҶ֪ȻħķҲԣϾħѾӰǻԪһ֧Ȼ֮ǰھŴɱ֮һ֮ģħʿҲǲСӵġ
˵ʲô
ɷʵħӰǻԪ
ûҪǵ飬ҲΪҪ顣ǰˣڣΪħħ֮磬Ϊ˿ǻԪ֮ţǰǸǿġǣǶˣΪħħ֮ǰѾˡ
ĺԨһ˵ɷˣ˵ˣȫסˡ
ħħ֮ǰѾˣħιħ˭
ħҲ˵ӵһǸʱħʵǰǻԪ˫Ӵۡ
ĺԨҲûκεֱ˵˳ģ˵˫Ӵ۵ĿģĿ꣬Ҫȳӷѹ֮˵ΪڴǧʨӴ۵飬ÿһ˶֪
ɷ˵ıȫͬһʱ侪䡣
˫ӴۣǸǻԪǿߣͳ˧ߣ˶Ѿ˵ˡ˵ħ˫Ӵۣ⻹޷ѽһ̣޷ܵģ


2837 ֪һУ
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֮ڣ˺ܶ飬ħ巽棬ûΪħشͣϢ෴֮ǰҪӵǿƣɻʻħ壬ħ˲ڣһѻħ֮⣬Զ½ʮεĽڣľķǿʮεĽ½Ȼ˿
֮󣬳˷ҲͲסˣȻħ嵨ħش¶ԼԼߣҲǳصģǺ˷Ҳǿҵķˣʱ֮䣬ڵھŴ½½֮䣬ħչһ͵ɨˣչ˺üεİŴսһٸսŵڰ˴񷶦Э֮£ҲħС
Ϊ½ķǿھŴ½ΪǰһսھŴ½һƬ棬ԣħȻڳ֮ϵġ
ʮʮε໥ħ˶һ˷˴񷶦򣬻гԶɽħ巽Żʻ˲ڣ˫֮䣬ʵĻȻħ幻ǿһЩϾ԰ǻԪħʿɷǰ˸񷶦׽ġ
ֵǣÿһβǳ˽ħ˷涼ǰõϢħôķôķأЩ˶˫֮ǰõ׼ȷ鱨ˣȻû֪Щ鱨˭͹ģֻΪÿһ鱨׼ȷԣó֮ʮνû˿Ļɡ
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ӷ˶ĺԨӣħôãҲǰ״ģħЩܣѾ֪Ĳˡ
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ӷ翴һڻѻ˯ıʵħħŮǰΪ֪ЩŻᱻɱģ
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Ǻá·Сһ㣬Ҳʱȥħ̸е׼Ѱ̾ͳȻܴӰǱ߽õġϴǸħʿŲֻôһֵ϶һ֧ǿĶ飬ԵĻ֧ȫһս
߳īߺڣӷദˣκη棬ǲܳԿġȥ˰æҪӱΪԼãҲ̰ĵģ֪Ľһ֧ħѽ˵ĶĻǳôüĳﻮ񲻰׷ˣ
ȻΪӷҲᾡģ˵ܶһˣͶһԸħԸ˫Ӵ۵


2839 𵺣
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ӷȴʶȥо۵λãˣҲû뿪ģֻڵĵطȽر𣬾ȻһƬĺ֮С
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2840 һأ
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ӷһٿպ󷭣վһô֮ϣѩŭҲѾĿ㣬ֱӾͳӷ˹һȭȥӷվĴ˷顣
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ӷһҲУȻܽʱֹͣҪԼûȥȭһȭ£ӷҪ
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ӷʵʩչ֮̾ǿѵ˱ǿĿˣã
ܸоĵǿɱѪȵζƻıӷѾɱѩŭ֮䣬ͻᱻɱ
˫ͷȮ
˫ִӡһ֣ڶУһֻͷĺڹ
˫ͷȮⲻǸħһֻǣħޣǷħޣֲ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱ
簵˵ǰ㣬ħޣޣǰǻԪħޣͬһѪģֻڲͬ磬ǿͬˣ

˫ͷȮ˼ֱӾͳѩŭȴȥѩŭģǸѩŭ֣ĳӷչ
ӷĹȫѩŭϣΪӷû뵽ѾȻʱ򣬻ڶֻħ޳
͵һգӷ֪ԼеĹȫѩŭϣ³ֵ˫ͷȮܸԼ˺ӷɲ϶ѽ
ֻⲻ𣡡
ū֮ǰҲû˵һֻѩŭѽ
ѹ˵زùˡԭԶս١Ҿ顣
ʵһֻѩŭ˫ͷȮǿ𡣡
ʲô˼
ӷڿһתֱվһѩŭ˫ͷȮʵ
Щ飬ͲҪū˵˰ɡôʲôˣһͷѵūֶΣ벻𡣡
䣬ִһӡˡ
Уͬһֻħޣһֻӥһֻɫӥ
򿪣ӥֱӷ˳ȥٶ֮죬˷ָ
԰ǻԪ磬ҲǰǻԪħٶģɵԶġ
ȳӷӻѲͣĴӡ
ĸˣĸУһֻħޣһ򿪣ֻɫ룬Ȼ˵£
Ⱦֻɡѩŭʱħ֮⣬ֻħޣŸԲͬħҪСˣ
ӷ罫ʶųѩŭ˫ͷȮԼһǰһ󣬶磬ͷԼϷͬʱڵ£ҲʱֻħֹԼ


2841 
𵺻治Ǹǳģ۵Ľû֣Щħ޶ԣѾ㹻ǿˡͬʱӷҲһ뷨֪۽ΪʲôҪǲԼҲǹԼһ׵ģԼĶ˼
ʵİţóӷ˽ⰢǻԪ磬ǾȴӰǻԪħ޽˽ɣ
ڰǻԪ˵ÿһˣӵһֻħޣħޣ˵ǵıԭڣͬеС棬ħǰ㣬ֻҪħ޸ˣǲǿˣҲֻ·һ
˫Ӵֱۣɱܣֻܽ˫ͷЫħ޸ˣ˫ӴҲ͵ˡ
ȻȻӷʨӴۣǾ˵ӷͬħޣֻǵĿǰΪֹӷ綼֪ԼħʲôطڣҪԼȥѰңЩӷͳͳ֪
Ȼд˰ţȻĿĵģҪóӷ˽ⰢǻԪħ֮⣬ǡ
ܺáֻħޣǾɡ
ӷҲϻֱӳѩŭ˹ȥղΪ˫ͷȮĹϵûܸѩŭһڣûôõˡ
ɱ
顣
ӷһȭֱӴѩŭؿϣѾĴԼţΣһΰꡣ
ƿȭ
¡һ
ѩŭϵɫףӷһȭһѺۣ漴Ѻ۳֡
áѣѩŭˣҲ̫ϧˡ
Ϊ׵Ůֱ˳ӷǱ߷ȥ
𣡡
Ҫѩŭֻħ޿ҿ˵ġ
ӷҪ˫ͷȮѩŭѾûʲôͷˣܳܵסƿȭӷȫҪٰ
ɾʱһǿħϮӷȻתΪ׵Ů˾ȻӴĹԼóӷһŭ
¡
Ϊ׵ŮⶼûӦӷһŭǿǵسϮȥ
顣
Ѽӷֱɱ֣ҲʲôԼ˸ˣȻǴ󾪲ԣ˵ӷλֶιݶû뵽ȻݶزʲôˣֻҪвǱһͨɱġ
顣
ӷĹδΪ׵ŮˣǿѾŮ˸ĿѪˡ
㡣
Ů˼ԼĽñˣȫҲʲôˣҪΪԼĽñ
ĺáȻȫˣǾһϰɡʹҲţжħޣȫų
Ѷ˶ģ˵Ȼˣ͵ˡ
˫ֲͣĴӡһķӡһħ˷ϯ
ħޣȫ
ѵΧϸһϰٸϰֻħѽ
ӷҲŭˣЩħ޺úһģû뵽ЩŮˣȻңⲻǻ
ͳͳȥ
ӷĵâĵâĳ֣Ѵ󾪣񷶦ĹŻ磬ʥ޼Ĺļǿ
ļӷֱʿ治һĴһֱ֣Ӿļˡ
еħޣʱȫҶ԰ǻԪ磬ڰǻԪΪǿЩħܸܲ
ʱ䣬ħ޲ҶˣļŮˣҲҶˣǲӷҲ
˵ԡ
ӷ翴Ǽ˵ǰ͵ϮǻǻĲͷˣӶ͵Ϯڡ
ֻһο飬㡭
ٸҷϻѵһҪЩ鲻ɡɱǣ˭ô
ӷ˵ɱһҪɱ˭Ҳ
񷡭𡣡
񷶦ռܣûҪѽ־ռܣӷ绹ˣ
ס֡
ҪʱֻеͻȻ䳯ӷΪһ壬ͼһһֱһһˡ
ˣ
׻
ѵǽеĵһ𣬱Ȱ׻Ҫţ
Ʈݣء
һɫĹŽǿҵĽħ֮ǿĳӷ綼˺
һ治һǿ󣬱ǰ׻Ҫǿ˼ʮ
۽еĵһȻţѽɲжţ棬ѵܱڵħţħĵ֮嶼㱻ҸˣһҲܳҲڣ
ӷ磬ƢҪô塣һߣպ
ûгƳӷΪɴ˿ɼڳ۵һĵλ
ڸ˵𣿡ӷҲǳصģľ֮⣬ħ֮⣬ҲֻǰԼ˵ǾͿмＸɣ


2842 ӷɱ
ɲһȲ˵һǿħֵһɲǣеħޣȫǿƸѹסˣûκһֻҶ
Ѹ߸ŮˣʱͬΪˡɴ˿ɼӦǳµĵһ
ɲôǿܱܲħǿɣӷܸħҲǰ˫Ӵ۴ɸƽ֣Ǿ;Բ
ɱϵܱɣӷ翴ĳһ࣬ղŵӦħޣһȻֻħޣ
еĵһ
ӷʵ
ӷ磬񻹲˽ʵ֮ǰȷǸ׻ƽֶ֣ΣҲֻͶȡɰˣսϣҲδڰ׻ռκεıˡǽУĴͳ죬Ҹ׻֮⣬ȸ䣬ֳƺԴ磬Ҳ˵ǳӵħ֮⡭
⣬ڣȻɢһѪ⣬óӷгԾͬʱҲоԼڵڴ
ѪҲ츳

ӷ´һ˵Ȼ
ֹ
ҲǸ͵ˣѪɢɢһڹ⡣
ħ
ӷ¿վסˣȻӵħ
漴ģڣٴɢһǿΧһУӷڣȫѹסˣеʯͷľȫѹɷ顣
츳
츳ħ츳츳츳ӷ綼ӵеģȻԺжϳǼ١
ӵаǻԪħ֮⣬ħǰǿ
ȻٴɢһңȻǳӷûеġ
һϼ⣬ɢ˳
ӷ磬Ӧûаɡ
֮⣡
ӷ֪̾ɢģȻľصľ֮⣬츳ҲǳӷΨһȱٵһ
Ĵ˵ӷҪ֣ƾǿħ֮⣬Ҳǿ̬ˣ
ȻʱУһ£ͬǴž֮ġ
ϻʲôȽѵһ٣֪
ӷ˫һתģȻľء
ľأô
ϻռӵĶ½Ӳѵص粻ɡ
˵½ľؾԼòڶ½Ͻķȫӷˣ
ħôҲУ
ӷľھȻҲɢħⲻòóӷԾ
һֱУֻǴûùˣ㱻ڱͱҲûùԣⷽ棬ӿɱˡ
ӷЦһľͶڳ۵£һҴΪǿһ۶ȻҪ⼸ҪĶ࣬ħҲʲôֵ顣
ɲҪңҲǽеһԱ
Ҿ屾ΪϣΪʲôͲǽеһԱͳ֮һ䡣
ү
ӷʵ̲סˣľأصĻ湻ģȻǽе䣬Ϊϴ󣬰׻Ϊ϶ȻһȸΪġǽеĵһѽףΪͳ죡
ӣǽҪѿˡȻˣǾ͵ɡ
ľشЦһҪġӷ磬ǿֱߵɽɽǱʲô
ľسӷָȥӷһ
ɽ֮ϣȻˣңӷʶˡ
ҶҶ˷磬ˣ
ӷ³ɵˣԼĵǣȴһûУû뵽Ȼ𵺣ңӣӦǱץġ
ܳԾȱôԾٿֱߡ
ľһָӷٴγԼұȥһóӷ͵һ
峤
ûһɽϣҲһˣǾȻ峤Ҳǳӷһֱҵˣ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼȫץˣ
ӷҶ峤ΪʲôԣȻΪ߲ʽԼǵˣӷ粻мһˣ
ڣ˱ץ˱𵺣ǵ͡
һ̤أ¡һֻϷһ߲߲ųͷųֲͬɫĹâ
⣬УҲɢһ⣬֮ڣһʥּĶ
߲ʽԼ
ӷ˫ۣϣļһ߲ʽԼȻ䵽У
ӷ磬㲻ļĴħҪڴһ
ŪĶ٣ӷݶռƣħȴ֮ѽӷ棬ǳԿˣļܲһ棬Ҳʹɸƽ֣Ҳ˵ħһεĴڣ
ϣӷֻ£ֻǸɸƽֵĻǺǳӷԿģᱻľظǼŮЦ
ӷڱҪ򣬻ǲҪǾͱѹסħУӷȴû֣ʲô㣬ӷҲ֮ӷԵģһ˿֪ϸļһ
ڴ˿̣ƣѾջأΧħޣҲʼ
Ȼ㲻ҴһأͰչӷ磬ƻⳡϷĹƻĻǾͱҲʱҿɲ˭Ķӣɱ֮
ֻóӷһأͲҪ˵Ļ֪ӷƢ˵ĻǸӷûʲô˳ӷʲô˲֪ľؿǺġ
Ҫ˵ôҪ˵ڸԼ鷳ӷһ̫˽ˣһС˱ʮ겻ġղǷװˣ˵ʲôˣԼˣҲ뾡һа취þһֶΣıƣġ
ӷֶΣľ̵̫ˣڿӷľ֪£ûûˣ
ʨ˵Σǿʨǰٽƻĺ꣬Ҳֻ·һ
ľؿЦһ˵ҵĴѽҪ˭ʨӣ
ҡҡͷľȥҶǼ˵˵ûǡӷѾɱҪùˣҸȽϰȫĵطⱻ


2843 ս
ľؿɲɵϣѾȫȫŭ˳ӷ磬һ仰ͽӷĵ߳״ˣ֮ǰ߸Ůʹĳӷ綯ɱȫһ˵֮ǰ߸Ůóӷ綯ɱֻɱǼĻôڣóӷɱҪɱϵˣһҾ徵Ĵɱ
Ŀ磬ӱ˷ϯ˿̳ӷѾȫ˳ļȫڳӷڼ˳ʹǿʮ
۽ĵһҲǳصģͬĴ԰ǻԪħڼӷ˵ĶŭҲеȫ˳ͷһΪһħޣֻܽΪһħޡ
һףϣһ֧γǹǰһӣȻ쿪ģӷ֮Уһ޴ĺ蹵
֮У׵罻ӣӷײһأǷƱɫ
ʱ򣬳ӷģȻ˫ʵڲ֮䣬ӷ˸ħһսľ飬ֲҪ˵ģǾɣ˭ȳ֣ضȱ¶ԼĲ֮Ҳν㣬㣬Ǹ˶УӷУҲУһԷץסԼ㣬Ǿ·һġ
ɲܳӷ˭ĶӣԣʵģǾֻ·һǿݺ磬ʵɱҲֻ˵ǻˡ
˫ײʱ⣬ȫ߸˹ľظǣվӷİ֮⣬룬ȻҲᱻľػǣ뿴ӷĵһ֮䣬˭ǿһ㡣
ϵЩ⣬׻ȸҲ˹
׻ӷʶˣȸһŮˣһ޺ɫװŮˣʮӣÿһҲ࣬ûһ棬ÿһˣҲӵǿħħޣЩ˼һ𣬾ǳ۵ƣˣҲ˵ǳҵĽֻֻӳһ˵ĵǲѣ
ʲôŪôĶȰѱ𵺸𣿡
ȸվľߣɵ̾˿£ǳµأӷڵһضû͸ôĶںȴȫ˹
׻ʵʲôӦһΪʲôܵһˣ
ľ˵ڵ˵ظûҪˣһأ͵أѾӷˡ
ʲôɲϵʨĹѽѵ֪ʨƢƻ˵ʨϷ򣬵ùȸ˵
˵²ܹղҪɱ֣ŸϹȵġҲֵô󣬵Ҳ֪Ƣ䶼ͱ˵ģڰŭˣɱѶǲֵܻġ
׻˵䣬Ƚ˽⣬ȥȰȰɡϾǰʨɽģƻ˵ʨϷ˾͵ǰˡ˵ˣʵҲδʤĹ
ľؿЦһ˵˰ɣӷˣҷǳ˽⡣˵ǣǵʨԹֹĻӷ綼ֵġǼһˣ˭Ҳ
ȸ˵ҲǵģϾѵͲһʱ֮ȥãʲôȻеħ޶ˣɱ𣿡
ҿδء
׻ڷȶųӷʱһ㶼ţҳӷڵ׻һμӷʱҪǿࡣ
ɲѽ
ӵļôǽħǿġ߸Ůеһ˵
ѾͷЩˣǧСġӵ絽ڣЩСӷˣͳͳˣЩˣһʼʱÿһҪȳӷǿ󣬿³ء
ľ̾˿˵Լľ㣬Լ꣬Ҳȳӷǿ𣬿ɵ󣬻ڳӷ£ǳӷĶˡ
¡һ
ʱ˷ۿȥӷԭһҲȴѾչ˽ҿֻҪ˽ˣ֪Ѿҳ˳ӷ㡣
ֹ
׻󺰵
ֹӷ㣬ͲԼϡϵˣ
ʲô
ȸľأ˵ӷλܾˣȴһֱû̹ԣľصĿУ˽һڳӷ顣
ӷ㣬ߵˣԼ˵һ㶼ûеġ
ⲻܡֻҪˣͻ㡣
˵ӷûֻ˵㣬ˡϸǸӷ磬һ
ʲô

׻ȸˣһ
ӷʲôʱһԼЩˣΪʲôһ㶼ûע⵽ԼЩûע⣬ҲѾע⵽ѽ
ΪԽ֣ʰһ³ӷġû뵽ҲôûãҪӷʰˡ
ȸʵ䣬ܵɵģ
ҿûϵҲֻ˵˳ӷ缸ûѣԼҪʶһ£ʲô취
㡭
ˣڲǳʱѾγ˾޴ˣܿġѣȥ֪ͨʨߵʨߵ
ǣ׻ˣȥ
ľ˵ĳӷ磬һȻһҲûӷʱȴȻֲԾԼǿĹѽӷôܻվԭһҲġ
⣡
ѾӦ˹ԼϵˣڷӦѾ̫ˡ

ӷķ̼ʧȻתһ̣ȴڳӷͷȻһֻɫ׵ʨӣһֻŻʹڵʨӡ
ǡ
׻ǿųӷͷֵʨӣȫǴ󾪲ԣͬʱʨӴۡ
ʨӴۣ
ӷԼ֪ԼͷһֻʨӣԼ࣬ȴʱ˿γӡ
ǧ
ǧȻʱѽǰӷսħʱǧûΪʲôڶԸһǧͻȻˡ
ӷ·ʧȥҵʶ㣬ڲǱ黹񣬶ʮֵĿ£ǳ£ֱӾһƣؿڡ
ӷһƴȻеһֳӷ֮ǰڵѪҺڡ
ǧ򣡡
ȥɳӷȴһ·ǰͬһλŭĵ֮𣬴϶£һŲļʱʹˣ˵¡


2844 󻤷
һĻ˶ǿȴҲȫɵˣˡ
Щ˵УǸе񻰣ǲ˵ģˣɳ˳֮⣬ΪǿģһȻ⻹˶ûģ֪ǵݸԱ𡣿¶ԣһ֮£֮ϣʵݸλҲһġ
ɽ죬Ȼᷢ飬ȻһŸȵȥˣһ˵£ֻ¶ͷĲλңӷһֻţļϡ
Ҳ̫˵ɣȻӷʵ֪ҲʹɸƽְˡΪʲôڳӷǰȻһ㻹֮ûУҳӷҲһƵģԵķǳϣӵһɵ֮һֻŲļϣͺڶ֮˻ɫ㣡
ʱ˭֪ӷԼԼΪˣŽµӷ֪ԼղŶЩʲôôġ
ԼʵӷĺܣʵҲչ˳ӷǰ£֮ĴڣȻһֵضûˣ˵ʲô
ӷһԼؿѾԭӣ·ղŵһоʹδƵģӷ֪һǴǧ
ǧҲ̫ţ˰ɣ֮䱬˵һ¾ħ֣ǵвİɡϧǣǧ򣬳ӷͲ֪ȥãղǴǧԼŻᷢӳ˴ġ
ƣʵӷҲûֻǰƳӷ󶼻ῪʼɳӷģһΣȫڳӷģԼˣҲԼ෴ؼʱ̣ᱣԼ㣬ȻѾʧȴһɲڣֻҪһͻҪ
ҵģҲû뵽ӷĴǧ򣬾Ȼʱ֣
ӷ磬ҿɲǰܸ㣬ֻǰܸ˴ǧ򡣡
κεĶⲢӷʲô
ղ˵ЩѾעǸˣԣ˭ʲôݣҲ㵽ǰʲô֮£Ȼ˵ĻͲܻջء
죬һҪšȻѾ㶯ɱͱ졣
ӷ绽ʥ߸߾һĻ˰׻ǵǰ
ס֣
׻̷ϣȫ˳ӷǰľҲС
˭ҹ
ӷʥһתָ˰׻ˣҲ֧
˭ˣһҵ£Ǿֻ·һ
ԼˣǶԼˣ㲻Լ˶ɱɣ
Լ˰ɡҿɴûԼ˵Լ˵ġ
ǵʨ˼ǿûκιϵѽ
ҲܣνĹأǴЩһ˵ģҳӷ磬벻ôȥ˵㣬ɵǰָֻŵġһǰ첻ɱɾҪӵĿˡ
ȷΪһŵƣȷĿ˵ʸ񣬵û취˭нҳӷء
ҿɲ˭£պô죬ܲԺҪЩһɫ°ɡ
ʥ߸߾𣬳ӷѾûκεıˣһǿߣʱͳһˣǶеˣ˭ҶţҲκεв
ӷ磬ΪɱӵеħֻҪҵħ޲͡
˵ģɡ
ӷתͷһۿеҲ̧ͷһһ˶סˣΪͷȻվһӷ硣
ʵ⻯֪û˵
ʲô
ǳӷղԸķֻ֪ӷķʲôʱܵԼħȥˣڸղųӷڵĴǧʱԼͽħ޸Լڣû뵽ӷһֱӾվԼħϡ
ħߣħΪֻ֮Ҫħ޲𣬲ٴΣģҲĵҪԭ
ڣԼħҲƿ˳ӷͲòˡ
ӷ磬˽ͷĿ
ʲôҵġȥɡ
ǽ䣬߿ͷ棬ֱħޡ
ɾһ̣ӷȴоһǿľ磬Ӻ泯Լ˹
ʲôˣ
ӷٵ˿еʥһӣ󺰵۰¡
û뵽ԷȻҲһӳ۰ԡ¡

ϡ
飡
ͬɱУǳ۵ɱУһȴԲǳۣΪһԣӷں׼֮£ʮԷҲǳ۵ĻǾԲܱӷ˵ġ
ˣȫۿȥͼһߣһͷ׷ߣǱߣǱʲô˵ģеģȻӷһȻҲʥ
񽣣ⲻܣôѣ
ӷе˼ͬʱҲ֪Ǽһʲôˡ
ԷתһۣɷǣȥǸʿģӷûм
ߵأһֻʨӵıǣ˼ʨӱǣȫʮֹĶһͬ󻤷
󻤷
ӷ粻֪ڳһŵУ˽ĸͳ֮⣬ҲǽеĳԱֻǴӲܽˣҲûеκ˼棬ֱֻڳۣڳۼתǶδֹ˫ӴѾ˵֮壬ս׼ǲὫֵµһгģһҲǳֵΪǿĴˣ
Ҳֻϵѣﲻɣ
Ѿӷ绺ٶȲ죬ȴգ֮䣬Ѿ˳ӷǰԶҲڵλãһ̤أ˳
ӷʵʲôˣ
󻤷С
˼û˵ҪֵĻҲһˡ
ȻǻȮӡȻš
ٷϻҪ򣬻ǹ
ôҲҲһˣԴߣǲҪ΢£
ҪǶʲôˣԵģϵģСģеģŮģͳͳĨɱ
Ȼ˵ˣҪסҲֻһսˣ
ô鷳ʲôһϰɡ
ӷŭһȻղŴǧѾˣƻԼʲô֧Ҳں
˵󻤷ĴǧˣǲĶ֡
ŶǧˣⲻѽǧӦŶԣ⣬һ԰ɡ


2845 ֮棡
Ƚڽ£󻤷ӷʵԶԶ˽
û뵽Խսۺôʱ䣬ʵȻѾ˵زļдǧ󻤷ˣ治֪ӵ˵һôĸо
׻̾˿ۺüˣԼʵҪڵĳӷ֮ѽȻӷģҲǱǽûĻǳӷȻвġ
ˣ£ҪʵʵǿҲ˵ֻڸߵĽϣܳɾһλǿߣһλĵʣĸеǿߣǵƾԼʵģһڵʵûУҲֻһˣֻԼеһѵɱһˣɱһٸˣɱһˣǳҲֻǸ
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񣬳ӷѾӵһ֧ǿĶ飬УѾüʮˣһдĿռ䣬ԣӷǸеԺģҲΪӷ˲ͬʵ̣ͳôǿߣǰĶɷǣԼ֮⣬ֵµˣ߼Ҳ۷ˡǰ֮Умѣ
νǰˣǰδػɳ̲ϣɺˣȴ޵ȣܽһвܣɿܣ
󻤷Уһħǿޱȣ֮ϣҲ˵еħ֮ϣӷ֮ǰδţżģһ֣͸ӷ˾޴ѹ
һޱӴķ񣬳еϷȥǵзĽ壬˫γһdֵ״dֱӾͳӷѹ˹
֮档
дһǸdٴαһӡ˿̵УȫҲڷž޴ı仯һͷİ׷ȫȻʧһͺӣһûͷߣϵ·ҲѾһģУһ֧ȣһ飡

һȻһУһУôӵǿħ
ӷ벻ͨʱѾûʱóӷȥʲôˣ޴ķӡڳӷǰһ޴ıըӷڿնˣһҲУ
ʴȣ˾Ƿ𡣿ǰȴչֳޱȵɱ¾ǿħγɣһɻħûбеȥӷ硣
ӷ統ȻҲǳصģһζ㣬ˣļͬʱǰħҪǿļһӷҲļռܣͬʱ͸ǰħһս㣬ͬĹͬĹֶΣг˹ȥ
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𵺣һ𶯣޴ĻɽͻȻ䱬˳¡¡Ļɽ緢ͬеء

ӷû뵽ԼļռܣȻеǰ𲻵κεãһ̧֣Ƿһ죬Ǵɢ˿ΧͷΧ
ıռܣڳ嵽ǰʱǱռŤ˰㣬ȻͻȻһ޴ת䣬һת䣬óӷ羪Ȳԡ
ޱߡܺ塭
ıռһתʱȻӷ˹
ӷ˶һô¡һõĵǰǻԪħǵķ𷨣ķ𷨣ڳӷǰֱϰ𲻵κεѽ
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ӷɲȥ㿪ԼĹļֱӾͽռܸ
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ӷ磬ķ̣󻤷ȥġ
ľͻȻһ仰óӷһγԾ
ķ̣дȥģôܣ
νķ̣ʵҲԴڰǻԪ磬˵ǧеĽɣȫԴڰǻԪģ֪ķ̣̣̣˹̣һУͳͳԴڰǻԪ磡
ѽļ̣ȻȫԴڰǻԪ磿ЩһҲ̫˰ɣ
ŶԭˣֲǸˡȻʶһҵĴǧǽ죬ʶɡ
ӷں飬˵Ļǵһΰ첻ġ
û뵽㻹֪ôǧˣ˵Ĺ˵ģŲţǾҵˡ
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ӷ粢֪ԼͷֻʨӣٳˣҲʱߣ˵󻤷ʨӴۣ
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󻤷ҿӷһսʱһҲţҲ޿֣˵᲻⼸ľйأ
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ţ˵ٸȥڵĴǧʨӴۣҪŭˣʱˣᱻġ
󻤷ܸҸ̨ȥѵҪֱ䲻ɣ
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Ȼ󻤷δǼ棬ƢΪˣ󻤷Ҳʮġ£ǵʨҪأǻԪ͸¶һЩ֪ȴƫƫŭŻġʨˣҪƽеķŭӦ֪ôɣ


2846 ˸ӣ
ӷͷʨӣʨӴ۵ֵǣ˿ĵֻʨӵĳ֣ӷ籾ȴһоûУ˵ӷͿʨӵģҲóӷڼЩ˵ʱе֡
ûѽеʵԼ֮ϵģԼдǧҲӦ֪ǧɲ˵þõģΪʲô¶ıأηʲôƵġ
ɳӷھԲ˵һ仰Ϊӷ綮ʲôսʲôηʲôֻҪԼԭ̬ȣԲӦķǾ;ԲԿġ
ͬʱľؼиûٶԳӷκεĹɫҲʮѿȥ»ΪǧĹϵȸħǿ߶ҪˣţеħǸһ
ҪӷƭˡͲõ˴ǧڸս

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ľһ˵óӷˣԼȷôǧ֮ǰһսԼҲĪЩв֪ѽľⲻڵʲô
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ȻʶӷôˣЩʲôֶΪȻǧȷڣ֪ôôǧĻǰħѾˣܵҵʨæġ
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˵ֻҪôǧ¾ͺðˡ
ǰԳӷ磬˵ԭ֮飬ǲӦòֵġǽеͳ죬ԣƽﲻܽ飬Ҳκһ˶ûнӴҪɱĻ󻤷Ҳܲܵġҿ͸һɣϾҶԼˣ˵㣬ӣֻ£Ȼǲͳ죬һ㣬ǶվͬһսϳΪһġ
ӷ֪У˵Ҳû֧һΪԼԿ˫Ӵ۵ֻʱϵˣԼ治Ӧöɱֵģɱһ֧˵һҲԼպһɷһ룬֧綼Լͳ죬Լһ¶βˣʱҪ˳Ц
˭ʲôطȻҪһţȻǲٵġһ磬ĵ˭ǲŰ׹ߵģ֮ʵļһԶܳɾһҵ㱻ҳɾˣҲ֧Ų˼죬ͻᱻ˸򵹣˵һبŲ»ȨߣԶ
ʵľ᲻֪л˵һľһ㶼Ľ»ʹ˽ᣬΪľ֪ͷϴӷҲԲݵģڱĵطϾҪĻӷŴӰ죡
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ȻлŸ䣬ҲѾ׼תȥˣ۶µأӷ簮ԼûκεĹϵ
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иɫͬʱһ䣬λôôͨأӲҪѹϵôʲôôأ
ʵзĻ֪Ⲣֳܹӷ磬Ҳ˵ӷֻΪһӵ⣬ӷֻҪϸһ£Щˣ֧ΪʲôͶڳ۵£һˣЩˣΪ۵ǿƣ޵е棬ЩˣŻΪʨġ
ӷҲһǿƣ֮Уκεİ裬Ҳκ˵ƣģԼı£ҪԼˣԣھͰԼ򵹣Լվһо˵㣬򲻵ңҸˣ˼֮ǰѾ˵ˣ죬Ҫһţ˵ɱһҪɱɱɱһԲɱ˵ȫңԲŹκһ
ɣҿеĻǿһôĵز֮𣿷̲԰ǻԪ𣬵ķ̣ɹȥǾҿķ𷨣ħܶɶв
ӷУһҲţоҪˣӷ粻ǧҲҪ֮һս
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ϴԵװƵġѾϰװĳۣҪװ磬ܲϰߡʵһʼʱ򣬳۶ͬһ͵ֵģڵ磬ںĴ½򣬴ǻԪ磬ˣ
ΰӰ˵ǰҶˣ峤ȫǱȥҶǼû˵ˣֻǶ࿴˳Ǹʿۣ治֪ǵʿʲôĻԼҲܱץƵˣԼ˸ˣ
еˣȫɽһͬʨ
ӷֵʱ򣬾Ѿ֪˭ҪӷҲ֪ۿɲֹԼûʱ䣬ҲûǸй򣬹֮ǰʲôطȲ趼һԽԽˣϷģ
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ʲôҪɱѽҪɱˣΪ׵ģΪϴģȻһ䵱㲻ڣ
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ľӣûκεȨӵܿԣҲݳӷҲǴͲܵģӷĹŪˣı£˶㣬ȻͳΪ˱еǿߣӮɱˣҲʲôʨӴˣӱȥ˫Ӵۿˣ˫ӴۣǱҪǿĴѽ
ҪٰǻԪǿߣȹһذɡ
ؽһһˣӷһˣһһܷˣһս֪


2847 иɶӣ
ʱʵӷ𵺵ĿĿɲΪɱ˵ģ֮Իᶯ֣Щһ̫ˣֻǹصĻӷȫԽܣֻǲӦöҳѽ˵ĻҲ̫̹˵㣬ľԱɿ֮˸УӷȻᱩŭˣ
ʵԳӷԸ˵ʮ侲ģֻҪ˲ȵԼͷǵˣûֵ֮£лԺú˵ģ
Ȼǲ֪ú˵һǿʲôʲô£;ʹɡ
ɼȻڳѾˣΪ˴룬ӷҲ֪ڲʱ򣬱Ҫ콫۸ȥУ
һŹ˵Ҫ˭æǻһ仰飬Լҵˣſɾڲͬˣӷ֪ô׾ĶۣͲҪԼһˣҸˣȻᵽġ
ȻĶ֮ˣǳӷڱҪһ㡣
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ӷЦһкķȫͲһԸӣ͸İƵġ
׽飬ȻܵɱˣǾɱ˵
ҲǴЦݵģˣʮֵϣΨԳӷЦݣЦݣĻš
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ڲǰ֮⣬Ҳʲôײ׵⣬Ҫ׵Ļֱӻص磬ʲôˣͲۻħ˫Ӵ磬Ҫ֪ڵ磬۶Ųµѽ
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ɶӣ
еһۣ˵£˵𣡡
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֣ǲֻҪҽЩһȫ£ͻңҲֻҪһΣֻ˴ǧУôǧˣ֮󲻹԰˫Ӵۣ˫ӴۣҶҪκ˵
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۶һ˵ʹͬʱһɣԼ˸ղŵĻˣҽ죬ҪǸɶӣųӷ棬Ǽ棬Ҫ֣һָ£Ҳóܺһ׶ӣһɶ֮Ǳ


2848 Сˣαӣ
̾˿ӣ۲¾ʹ˽󣬷򣬲ʱǸɶӸг
ۣҲǸΩ²ҵļһѽԣԽңƿصϷԽϷԽ࣬Ҳֻһ˲Ǳˣ֪˶ٴˣ
һУ΢΢˵ͷ˵ȥһλɡ
Ҳֻǵ˵ͷľظʱߣ˵Դ֮Ҿ;óӷ粻ҲһվǱˡһսʮֵؾʣǲʺϼģһϣܽӷӷĵλ
䣬ҲֻȨƣ羫ˡȻµʨʹӦ㣬ҿĳڣѾԵʨʧȥģ
ܲʧȥ𣡵ʨеһȫѺ˳ӷϣҴͲóӷܴ˫ӴۣҲֻãڳҰˣȻϿǾѹأеʨڱĥˡ
ŻӪںĵʱ򣬴ӷԣ
ҵģõһ仰˵ռéӲʺĻǧˡֻҪӷƵʨ¿Ǽ̳˵ѡ
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Ҳ˵ľС˳ӷ磬ϾľضԣģҪġڿûʱؽ壬ӷǸӲܰģһˣͲһˣʱľҲҪ£ԳΪ峤ֻһ飬պҲԵľģ
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ӷΪ֮һ۷壬ңԽ۷һӵǿħħ֮£ȴ֮ϣһħţˣ˭أӷ֪ڳ۵£׻˶ǿߡ
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ûȥۣҲûȥκһˣֻǿųӷ磬ϣûκεЦ⣬Եʮֵࡣ
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ЦԽ춼֪ʱ۾ֱӸˣ£ɲһܾģ
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ӷıʮֱ䣬κζ۶Զû취˭޵еģҲءҪҵĳˣҪ˼ѵҳӷǳص
תͷ˳ۣʵ常ҪҪ飿
˵Ҫƴսʤӷ磬͵㵽Ϊֹ
ǣ
㵱ݹװϷѽ
ӷ磬Ȼҵͱ࣬Ա˵ҵֳ֮ǰʲôĲԵĵطֳ˵Ǹˡ
ƶԳӷ籧ȭһ֮ǰΪӷǸ
ʿķȣǰĳӷ磬е񡣲ΪĥѪĥѾı˳ӷԭԸرǿݺ磬ħ˫Ӵ۵֮£ӷ֪νʿνľӣһ嶼ûУܸܿԼ֮֡
ǣȻ˼ҶôˣӷҲ̫СѽıЦ
ãղŵ飬Ҿ͵û
ӷЦһʾķȣӷĴһ̣ȴʶľ˵Ȼ常˵㵽Ϊֹӷ̫գ̫ƻһʱʧ֣ˣŵʨҲҰɣ
ѯľأ⻰е˼ȴѾˣҾҪڽ죬ɱ˳ӷ磬ȫݸλ
һѾȫ˳Ƶ˼ҪɱбҪ˵ôί
٣ɱ֣ʨ᲻ᡭ
⣬ҪǵˡʱһƳӷʹУֻҪ󺰼ˡ
ľ˵٣СһĺáӷɲǺöԸġ
ġͽߴ츳ҵħС߲ʽԼҡ
ʲô
ƣȻ츳ľصľ֮⣬Ҳѹһﱾʵڳӷ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ֱӽ˳Ҳ֪ʲôֽţȻ
ƿδ𣬶չ˵ǰҪˣԼսӷļģһսʤ߽ӷˣڽеĵλĵλѾû˿ȡˣ
˵ӷգʵڵ뷨Ҫ飬ֺγǸöأӷСˣαӣСյ鶼ǹģαӣȴҪԼһ£ȴһЩ˷ָĳ£


2849 ģԴ
ɺ֮˱п֮ò˵ϣƿνһ֮£֮ϵģ˳֮⣬ܵǳӷ첻顣ϧǣӸ֮䣬ʵ̫ңԶˣܳڱô磬֪ģֻгӷ磬Ƶ֣û˵
ʵǳ۸ĵʱ񵽵һӤҲ˵ǳһָģһ̵ֽǧҲûóʧʵһ֮⣬ڽΪǿģڣƶ֪۵ԼĿڣֻ֪һӣһһǳţĽɫҲóڳӷ֮󣬾ͶԳӷɱֻҪɱ˳ӷ磬ƣܳΪҵǸʱ򣬿¾ԶɽòˣϾ֮УҪһˣħ˫ӴۣǻԪԿģ
ӷĴڣڳһ޴вҲʮ֪ŶԳӷɱֻ֣еȴһʺϵĻС
죬ӷ˱𵺣Լֵõ˳۵ɣӷһսôڳõĻᣬֻҪһսУһʧֵķӷܳȹƵݸλˣ
ֻϧΪȴҲֻ֪ӷںһУͲ֪ӷ統ڵ磡
ҵһͲӷһ˵ӷһΨһ̳ѪҲǿԼ̳гҵģΪʲô󣬳۵ЩϵܣʲôֶӣֶŮͳͳʧأǻǳӷһɵġ
Ҹӷ湴ĶǣƿҴˡⲻֿ𡣾ղűֵĴƳӷΪֳǸʲôģ湤ķǳ֮ãҲˣһžֻۣǳӰˣڳӷ̳˳Ҽթǰ㻹ôȥ֮Уȫͳ㣬ӷ粻ǲôͽҷųҲǿĳģֻǲ֪ڴʲôע⣬ֻʲôš
е˼
ӷЦһľ֮⣬飬Ѿþûжˣ죬δЩˣ̫磬ڻҲûκģľ½֮󣬷Ҳ֪ʲôطȥˣϣΪʲôû¶ġ
ЦֳֵҿɾͲˡԼĵ㡣
ţʲôֶΣʩչɣǧҪҿҿĻҿǻġ
ӷٴεЦľصͷƤе㷢飬Ϊÿοӷ⸱гӣ֪ӷһʲôıƵġ
٣ǧҪСġӷɲһˣ̳үӵļթʨĿҽֶصʮ֮ֻҪһСģڵĿǾͻᱻѹŴԲ֪ʲôġ
ľصѣڳƶԣǷϻѵһ᲻֪ӷһôһնûУǻƨѽ
ģټթҵǰЩթֶΣҲֻСưˡֻܴһС
ľر˵ʲôȴֹסˡ
ʵľѳƣԳӷʱĻǱɵģǻʤӷ磬Ǿ͵δսһ롣
Ҫ˵ˣ
ľ˵ҲҪʱ׼һʧ֣Ҳļֹӷɱ֡
ӷҶɱ֣ڰɣϾʨղš
ãӷˣᰴչûʨǳעһϷĹ򣬿ɳӷģƻһϷĹֻҪв֮ˣǵʨӣӣӷ綼ԥģ͸ӷһġ
˵Ľ̸ʶģȻⲢҲ
ɽϵĳۿһ۳ƣɵ̾˿˵̫ˣͶ֣һ㣡
ȻǳһģԽ̵ģԳ˵Ὣν常ӵĹϵ˵㣬ֻҪ۲ˬ飬ǳ۱ضֱӽƸնɱġӷأܳӷʲô۶ûжŭ෴ڰаųӷ磬ҲǸ׶Ůһİɣ
ΪСӵĽһ°ɡ
۶ĵʿ˵ң֮ǰ˵İ졣
ң۵һУңǵһּһ𣬾ǡңˣңңңңѵǵһӰǻԪ𣿷ħΪʲôǿ˵ز
ʨµʱһʰġЩֵܣѣҶѾ˽ˣûһʡ͵ĵƣһɱͽܱһսˡ
аţ˵İˡ
ң̾˿ӣ۽Ҫˣ
ǣˡ
棬ˣȫѾΧ˿ճһȽϴսóӷƽս
ӷ粢ûǰһҲûǸҪΪƣѾӷ˹ڳƵͣתţӷļҲѾ
ȻҲһս
ֳˣ㻹ļɣϾħߴ츳ЩһӦñֳļҪǿһЩΪۼĻͷӲ
ӷ緢Ц˵ͲΪҵˡˣȻԾۼˣͽҵоۼպҲĿǰҪġ
Ȼֳ˵ֵҲͲֳˡ
ӷëߣԲƬԶ˰ɣҪɱң鷳Ҳصĺһѽղɱˣ㵱ϹӻɵӣѵСϸڶ
ǲɱģϾҸյӣ̵ֽģѽɼȻҶɱҾ㲻ãҳӷߣʲôʱ򳤳ӲݣͱҪ
һָųӷ磬ָͻȻ仯һѪ⣬ֻѪ⣬ֱӷ磬λüģ
ӷһ䣬һһָʮ֮󣬽ô˺ӷҲʮģΪõǵָڳӷĵָӲ񷶦ѧһ񾭵Դ
ļһôָܻѧģѵҲǳ۽̵ģѽԼӲ񷶦ѧԴӦòŶѽ
Ϊ˱ܿƵĵָӷֻԼٶˡ
顭
ָһ޴ʯ֮ϣǿʯը˷飬ˣȫǰֻܶŹλʵǿû뵽ȻǿȵزӣӷҪùˣĶˣ
ӷ㿪ƵĹ󣬲û̷ΪӷҪ֪һôѧԼĵָģԼԴԼһεĹǱضеڶΣΡ

ֻǳӷôҲ벻ڷָ֮󣬾ȻԳӷԳӷй
ԼԴóӷеŭˣԼѵͲᰢǻԪħ㲻ߴ츳ΪʲôԼģҵģƣƣһֱҳӷĵߡ㣬ϵĲͷˣ


2850 ռɱ
õǳӷԴ
ľһ۾ͿĳõԴǳӷģɲʲôѽһʼƾôһ֣óӷô롣
ֱӾͿʼˣǲѾ˴㣿
ӦǣֱȥƳӷġңģ³ӷԴԳӷйֱӷûʲôھ˳ӷĵȥˣ٣뼤ŭӷ磡
ľʱ򶼽һĸֱӼŭӷ磬óӷȶԳɱ֣ĻΪԱȻҲķģҲǳɱӷʱ
䣬׼һսӦò̫áֻȳӷ类ŭȶɱʱپͿػˣ
ľѾ㹻׼վڳǱߣҪӷģȻѾ˰ţȻҪϺãܳκεĴͲˣ
׻ȸվһôῴƵֶҪŭӷģƵʲô
׻õԴǲģ·ٵģ
ӦǰɣҲ̫ڵ״̬ûбŭӣ򲻿ܻ
ȸ˫һֱڳƵϣ뿴Ƶʲôȸɲľǰ㣬վڳǱߵģֻһǾǵʨۣµʥּκ˵ȸӵġ
ǼŮվһΪ׵Ů֮ǰڳӷ£ڼӷһʼ·磬߸Ů˶ʮֵĵ⡣
Ӳӣ仰˵һ㶼ûҿӷмܲסٵĽ
ûӷһٵĶ֣ļȫʤٵġӣԺǲҪܳӷˡ
ͳͳұ졣
Ѵŭһʲôʱѵ⼸Ѿͷֲ𣬳ӷ֮ԻûΪӷʵǳӷһͣһѰҳƵ㣬սֻнֵҳпһʤһ־սĻǶԳӷ绹ǳƣû˿ôġȻѲ֪Ҫɱӷ磬ֻһ㵽Ϊֹս˭˭ӮгӦò˺ģ
ֱ˳ӷͬʱĸħ󣬳˳ӷΧҪӷΧ
ϷһҲѾγˣǿħż꣬ӷ
޵
ৡ
꣬ȫĸħ֮ڣҲǳӷڵλãʹĳӷǱİ㣬ȫ¶Ǽ
һ㶣ôܣӷ粻ɵ㶼İɣԼɸնʮ֮ģųӷԴ̽ôô׵ľأ
ǼҲȫɵۣⲻܰɣôӷ֮ǰǺţ̼ˣȻǽҲѽ
ѣ˵ʲôţӷͲٵĶ֣̼ͱٸɱˡ
ԣ
ѵ˫۳ΧȥȻһǿľ磬ӳƵϮ
ľظҲòԾӷ粻׾ͱܵѽ
٣Сġ
ľͬʱһѾоľǿɱӣǳɹŭӷˡ
ĺá
֪ľظղŵһ󺰣ˣӷѾɱԭֻǵ㵽Ϊֹģǳ˵ģڣӷȴҪɱƣѵӷ³ƵĴڣвλӵĵλԣڽ죬ҪƸ
ҲɵӷɱڶֱӷĻǾԵ̫ˣҪȫ׼һҲġ
ϡ
һħƣ˳ƵǰӷĹȫֵҪĳƻԩ˵ֳǽֻд裬㵽ΪֹΪҪɱ֣

ٷϻҲһסɱһʱ򣬾ѾעǸˡ
ʲôɱֳû˼
ƣ޳ܵ˷ָˣνСˣȥԼϲκ飬ȫ綼֪Լ顣αӣ޳֮ܵ󣬻ҪװһȻӣȫ磬Ǻˣǻˣ
ô˵ȻҾ˵飬Ҳֻˡ
Ե˵ʱҪɱ֮˵ʱ򣬳ӷνĳŷϣȻܶʱӷԳΪݣԼ˵ڵĻһ쵽ʱνĳţڳӷ˵ǹƨ
˵ֻ⻰Ҳţ
񷶦𡣡
ֱ˲񷶦ռܡ
ƽ߲ʽǰһ¡һΣ˫ԣ
ѾʱΧһУȫΪУȥѾϰٹˡ
ɽ֮ϣңʵʨó𣿡
ٵȵȡûóʵһռܣʲô
ң˵ͷǾٵȵȰɡ
ӷ˫˶ǧףǧ֮ĵϣһ޴ĿӣǶһǳףɵƻΪгļӳ֣Ѿײͬʱˣ
ֳֻǵ㵽Ϊֹ֮ǰʲôðĵط£
ҪôϻǸˣͰе
αأ
㲻Ǿɡ
ӷ˫һ٣ļȫ˳ӷϷ
ű䣬

ʮ򣬳˳ӷ󣬶ÿһɫǲͬģӷ񱬷ֱ˺ü
ȻֳҪһսľսֵҲֻǷ㵽ˡ
ڿն𣬺ħޣ֡
һֻγɵ壬˳ƵϷ֮ڣһ˫Ѫɫ۾ƣӦǽħ޸ƻ湻Сĵģʱ̣Ὣʵ
ӷʥһ۰¡
ҲһѾͳ۰¡
۰±ǳ۵ɱУȻӷᣬȻҲˣʩչҪȳӷɵĶ࣬Ͼһǳ̵ְֽģĹŵӣνĹŵӣҲһӣΪصĵӣٽκεĹ˷ڱĵˣ
֮ǰײɱеײȻҪ֮ǰҪСһ룬ɽӷϷļȻһ
ıռܡռɱ
ǰħô˵ģ죬ӷͬĴռܽɱƣƲУԵֵסļռܣǼΪһ巢ģ


2851 
ļռͬռɱԣǰشħĵ֮壬Ȼ˲УҪɱƣǲģҲߴħӷļռҲϾƸͲ֪߲ʽԼռܣռܣҪӷļռƥУ˵ʵƻġ
Ȼ֮ǰҲǽļռֵܵģ˵ֻȡɵķռת˸ˣҪȥֵҲܻģ
Ƶ˫ķǳϷħޣҲѾչֳһ˫Ѫɫ۾һѪɫë޴βͻųӷɱħϣһѪɫף
ȻһֻβһֻѪɫľβһǴ׵ľβ˵βӣԵʮƯʮֵĸ߹ȴҲʮֵ׺ݣ
ƴһֹâںϽ֮ϣͬʱһħߴȫ˳Ͼβ¶˵Цݣ·ȫͲ֪ӷɱĿ£Ͳ֪ļռܵǿһôĳ̶ȣȻҪӷ
˫ĲɽϵҶˣ峤һһ㶵ģҲûǿĶս˵ȫˣ񷶦ۼԿħʱֲ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱ
˵ȳ̶ȵĶսҶ峤֪ԼȷѾˣսǵν۷壬ѾˣѹֻᱻץԵʱץԼ֮ʱһ㷴ضûУһ۷Ϊڳ۵ĽǿǰֱǶϷ
ףӣҶңǳ군ˣ
Ҷ˷̾˿ӷʵѾһȥӷԣɾֻ·һġ
٣Ƕţ٣ǻһ·ѡ
׵˼ǣ
ҪͶۣҾãǲܻ˵ġ
Ǿֻгӷˣ
ţֻһ·ˡֻѾʧȥ߲ʽҲ͵ڶԳӷһôûУ᲻ǣҲǸδ֪֮
٣۷壬磬ڳӷ˵üֵġ
峤һõģϾӷȴģǿߣҲ˵ÿһˣܵħǵȵʵ۷壬˵Ҳ͵ڶһݡ
ȻѾˣǾ͸峤һ°ɣ첻ܳӷʤǰܣȻѾѡǾһ·ߵףûлͷ·ˡ
Ҷ̾˿뵱񷶦תԼɱ𣬶ֱӱԼɱģԼƽ¹û뵽죬Ȼ䵽˵ĵزѵѵǸǵ𣡲ԼǶˣ
ܿ죬峤ǱߣѾ˻뷨ǸҶһġ
Ȼ˹ͬ뷨ڣͶְɡ
ңӷѾزһ۳ۣʵʨٲ֣Ҫˡ
΢΢˵ͷ˵ǾͶְɡ
棬ӷƵѾײһ𣬾޴Ĳ𵺶ɽ緢Χĺ𣬾ųļӳ֣˵ĲҲ𾪵ġ
ӷֻļռܣɳƣȴȫ˳ȥӷռܶԿ
ӷЦһ֪ƽôԿ϶ǣһкУʱͽȫǲ͵ԼɻûأǧҲ֪᲻Щ벻ƣҲһˣֵóӷ̫ϡ
Ȼӷϲȫһӷײ֮ûеֵסӷļռܣļռͻ֮ǾββͣȻһ漴ƴ󺰵
ǳħ޵֣˼壬Ȼžˣľβͣ͵ҲǳƵ
顭
ھһβ͵ͬʱƵ壬ҲһըԱ㣬ӱϿѾˣҲĽˣȫһ
ɣ֮ǰƻռƸϷģôֱӱɱˣӷļռܣȻǿ˳̶
ûĵڳƱը֮Ǿٴζħ޲˲ֲķ˷ָѽ
ӷȻһתѾоƵԼ
ӷ磬ȻҪҲͱҲˡ
ƴЦһǾһԾֱ˳ӷϷ֣˫ͬʱӷչ
ӷЦһ·Ѿ֪˳ƵֶΣղԼĶսҪԼеģԼը֮Ϊˣ漴ͿԶԼĹˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣַƭҿǴԵһ֮սģĲ˵սϵǧ򻯣ҳӷץʮ֮ȣҪģ͵Ϯֱǲ֪ߵغ
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ӷ罫һȳƷĹֱͳ˹ȥһѣס˳ƵĲӡ
ܣ
¿ɳ״סˣû뵽ӷķӦȻ쵽˵ĵزԼѾһжǵλˣȻûе֣
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ľͬʱ󾪣ԣʧˣսѾӷˡ
Ͼ١
ľͬʱӷ˹ȥͬʱɽ֮ϣҲıը޴ʯɽϹҶ峤ͬʱľط
ǵĶ֣ǡ
Ҷ峤۷ͬʱ֣סľء˸Ҷ˷磬ҲҶԱߡ
ŭ
Զս٣ȹ˵
Ҷ峤ĳ֣κ˶벻ģۼһ䣬һ£Ǽһﵽʲô֪϶֣ģȴ޾ӷˣ
ǼѾѡԼ·𣿲ܿϧûʲô£ң㻹ʲô֡
ǣʨ
ңӷȥеķӷǱһӣӷ̸оһǵصϯʱ򣬳ӷ粻ò̷ſƣŵĻԼֻֿɾûˣ
쵰
ӷһңѾվ˳Ƶǰʵ٣û°ɣ
û¡һҸӷ֮ս㲻Ҫ֡
ʨΪֹ
ΪֹƴӦӷҲӦѽȻ۾׼˳ӷ粻ӦǲŻн飡


2852 ӷ类ܣ
߸Ů˵ĵ·ƣ֮еΪѣƵɱںˣңҲܳˣ˵еǿߣȫӷһȻûһģҲ̫˵㣬³ӷŭˣ׶ŭˣ
Ĵͳ죬󻤷ټơܺãǾʹʹɱһɡ
ӷͷøͬʱ֣֮ǰļռĵڲõ£ٵĻָ˹ҲǸǰһսȫͬģǰħһսӷûʱȥ飬ڲͬӷȫʱ䶯òԼָġ
ͬʱ𵺣סˣӷ˫һͣĴӡռ䡣

һĿռ䣬˳ӷΧȫƵķ뿪ӷȻѾױŭǽضһɱɱýȫһ𣬳ӷ޷йôҶЩ˲֪ʲô񾭵ʱԼɾʮҶ峤иңڳҲκõġ
ֻȽ뿪γƣǳӷɱǸֲ
ռƵĽͬķɢ֮󣬳ӷٴκű䣬硣
Լ˲֮УΪ˱иңĳ֣һ̫̬ǳӷȫ˵֣͸ղзĴռֶܵΣӷҲûκΰκһ˵ֵռˣһǳ۽пǵһӰǻԪģòѽ
֮УһǿҲ˲Լģʱ򣬳ӷҲͲҪκεĺ֮ˡ
ǳ츳ϡ
еĳӷ󺰳иңվһһһţͬʱ̧ͷգӷͲܵǷӦֱӾͷ˹ɲǶһ˷ģǶ֧
죬ҵģҺúø˵ȴҪֺαٸǿ𵺣һڡ
нΪһ壬ʱ֮䣬γһƬ޴Ĳƣ֮ڣֶΣĳƣҲ㲻ӷҪʲôô쵽ġ
㵽ʲôңʵ
Ҫʲô᲻֪ɱ
飬飬顣
еѾ˲֮ڣΪһ磬ȫͣλãͬĽ䣬𵺣·һĩ֮С
ס֡
һ䣬ӷֻȫǽһеȫˣңƬƵϷһֻʨӣһֻ׵ʨӣʨӴ۵
ãҪǧ򡣡
ʨֱӳӷԼһоûУʨӣȴֱӴӳӷͷ˳ӷڣһӷ࣬žһը˿̼䣬γĸ֡
ĺá
ӷ֪Լ෢仯ǱǴǧѾΪӷѾǵһξˣ
Ŵǧϣѵӷ绹𣬼ȻԼǾͱˣ
ߺߣͷɲҲӣ㲻ӡ
ӷųŭһƺˡ
ҲһĿЦҲû뵽ӷȻ֮ǧ򣬴ǧ򣬸ͲӦѽһʱĥϣǧҲǻˣôܻ
ӣǧ򣬶ȥˡ
ɳ֪ǧֻһˣôǧǵǳӷ磬ܲܳӷڽ˫ӴʱҲȥɡ
̾ҡͷְţڵ֪ӷԼ֮ʱģֻû뵽Ȼܱ
ɢڲͬĵطƬµ磬ȫ֮Уʹĺܶȫ׵˷顣
ۼȥɲǰ취Լ֧Ϊ˶Ը˫Ӵ׼ģɱ˫ӴۻûϣȱԼĶӸɱһ룬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ʨŭ
𣬷֮У̤֮ϣȻһƬƣʧˡ
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еĳӷ۾ȻԼ֣ǴδѽͷһģԼҲһôûеġ
Ĵռܡ
ӷ罫һ֣ļУȻǽ۸Χġ
ӷ磬ɵˣҴӰǻԪģǶңκá
֪ûãѹûԸ㡣
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ӷֱӾʹӲг˳óȫûļӦû뵽ӷ뿪磬ֻҪһ뿪磬͵ڽķȫжˣ˵𶼣һеһӷ͵ֵס
һɷʵһΧһ˫۲ͣţҳӷȴ֣ÿһûκε
ɱңǾҪľ򡣡
ӷ粻֪ʱ˳Ƶ󣬳Ķ·ֹͣûļתϷļ̼䣬˳ӷߣļռܣڶ
ɡ
£һȫסˣ֮ǰңҪֹӷ磬ģҪȽӷ£Ҳǳ۵ţ˼ڶʱ֮ڣӷǲ뿪𵺵ģֻû뵽һ㣬棬ӷסˣƵҲڳӷţ
мӷ˵ɱɱĲκģЩ飬ȴţԼһ֮⣬Ҳֻ֪ʶ˵㻹벻ƴǧˣ
һ˵ӷʱֹͣ˶Գɱ֣ɲûȳӷ練ʣһͬʱ֣Ƹһһңվ˳ӷߣǵ飬ԣҪֽӷˡ
еĳۼһѾסˣҲûʲôˣʵûʲôµģͽһôҲֻ뿴ֶѡ
ӷ磬ͺúڱסϼɣ飬ʱͽȥˡ
أҶ峤û뵽۾Ȼ
ǼﲻΪǣʲôȥʲôɡȫҹ


2853 ڻң
ҶҸ໥һۣĵʲô۵ڸʲôôѳӷץˣ罻Ǹƣ
ףе㲻Ծ
ȷԾܲԾֻҪ۾ˣĳĲԾֻû֪ʲô
ߡȥ½
ȥˣ
û۽ȨǸƣɳ˷涨Ȼģʱ˫ۺ죬ȻᶯǵĻᡣȥˣߵ߳˵ˡ
Ǿȥһǵġ
Щ飬ݲǲš峤Ƿһȥ
ȻѾչز·ȻѾѡˣǾͲκεĻͷ·ߡǸܷƿ磬Ǹδ֪ɳۣǾԲӲġǳӷһֽģ˵һ֧ж׵ľӣֻӳӷǳۣҲӵġԣȥ½ߵǣҲи׼
Ҷ˷˵ûĴƾںĴ½ƶȻֱȥ½ӹܳ˵ġ۷ߣҲһȹȥͨ籨ŵ˼
Ǻã˵ˣߡ
Ҷȥǲٴȥˣ˳۵ĺ£ǿɾǵòʧˣ
Ҳƣ벻ͨԼɱӷ磬ΪԼɳΪʲôὫӷץ罻ԼƹܣҲ̫߼˰ɣ
ȻѾ֪ɱ˳ӷ磬ҲԼһᡣ
֮Уͳ˸ħڶԿħ˫Ӵ۵飬ȻǳҲ˵֮У˱֮⣬ΪӴֻҪܽ˸ӹʲôð죡
常ǡ
ö˵ľأȥɡҳ˵ǰ棬ҪǾã;ʲôˣǲܵġ
˵ȻǵģֻҪһ⣬ʧңƸû۵⣬ˣҲܡ仰⣬Ϊ۱û˭˭ɱģħɱ㣬˫Ӵɱ㣬ôˣҲɱ㣬ӷڣɱ㣬ǾԼʵֲ˱ˣ
ǡл常Σһã˫Ӵ۴ܵġ
仰˵ڣ˵ǳۣľأòӳһۡ
˫Ӵۣ˵Ҳ̫˵ɣ
ڳƸľ뿪󣬳ӷûʲôһѾӷȫѹסˣڳӷʲôˡ
ӷţܳʲôע⣬ȥӹԼĳˣǾȥŰģڳû˴Ĺ㣬Ǳߣʲô˶еģȲ˵񷶦ƣǸɣĶ𣿿¾͵һվҲǰɣ㻹ܶɱˣǱֱսˣǿ񷶦ͬʱ֣еľռıˣضܾˣҲû취۽
ˣȻ˶Ѿˣʲôֱ˵ɣҿûʱ˷ѡ
û˵һ仰һһͷǽ飬ȫһƵģȻȥ
ȥһط
ȥһط
ӷ˵ûǹл˵
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úǰȻӷ粻ǺúȴۣȴǼۣ֪ԼܴĹȥǾԼ˷Լʱˡ
Ǿ͸һ˰ɡ
ӷҲæ뿴ǻˣʲôг
Ƹľظ뿪𵺣һٹ棬׷
Եȡ
Ƹľתȥģȸ׻
£
ʨ߲ʽԼȥ
ʲô
ɫһ䣬߲ʽԼȥʲô˼ԼڿҪȥӹȨģǴ˳ӷ磬ûĻʱôס棬ôȥԸħ
常ڸҿЦɣ٣常ھȻҪջȥûʲôħ
ʨ˵ˣôħô˫ӴԼ飬κ˶ûйϵ
ɫԽԽѿⲻΪԼ
ҡ
Ҳ֪ʨ˭ΥսȨòھΥʨɣ
Υ۵ǻʲôǳ
ҲҪҵʲô֮İɣҲֿܳȭȥɽɣ
Ҫ֪Ӹտʼʱ򣬾ǳֿȭģ򵽽־棬Ҳȫŵʨѽ㶼첻Ǿ˵㲻ھͿԸǻȥˡ
ƻ˵ʲôȴľظֹסˣ˵٣ǰɡûڣҲаȽ˸ס
Ȼܲˬֲò˳͸֮ǰһ֪ʲôֽţֱӸ룬κεĹϵ
׻óϽ«ա
߲ʽԼսһϽ«У
лϡǾףտƳˡ
˶٣׻˵ŶˡǸˡڳУŰ˴񷶦ÿһŲ֮ԣ˳˺òҪǷκεĳͻ򣬾ͿƲסˣ˴˫Ӵۼ˱ˣǿɲǵʨ뿴ġ
ֲɵӣ飬᲻֪
ףת常ģҲġ
׻ȸͬʱȭкȥˡ
ľ˵٣ӣʨǰٷ֮ٵ㣡
ôԵ飬ҵȻĳȴ벻ͨȻ常ץ˳ӷ磬ƹ磬ΪʲôҪΪأ˵ʵµľ˵ӷԿ˫ӴۣȷǱĶ࣬ϾĶڳӷǱߣȥˣҲٵ¶ˣڶʱ֮ڣƲ˳ˡ
ʨӦаţֻһʱ벻ˡȥ֮֮ǵȵ˳ˣħ֮Ĳ˵ɡ
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׻ȸûֱӷر𵺣ǳһƬȥ
׻㿴£ʨôģ
׻Цһ˵ڻң
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׻֪һ֪ЩʲôңҸûꡣ
ȸǸŮˣ֪ӵʨ֮Ǵɱɱģʵû壬еʱ򣬻Ҫһµġ
ٷϻ˵Ͳ˵ϽȥͶԨǱһأֻҪܵѧôǧ֮⣬ԾۼΪʨӴۡ


2854 ʱ
һųӷһҶ֮ڣҶһƬڣʲôȴ΢΢磬֤Ҷ֮ڣ·ߣǾֻһڡ
һһ仰Ҳû£ֱӾͳǰȥǷ·Ѿϰֵطһ·ȥҪȥ۲Χ·ڳƵģһУʮ
Ȼһһ㶼ģǳӷ绹ʲôʵǿ̬ʲôΣյĻҲҪӷˣһˣԽʲôΣո鷳
ӷȴо·ԽߣһʮŨҵѪζڽӽһովɱս㣬кܶ΢ĲҽɱֲֻҽɱԵʮֵãѪζǰʵһֻþƵġ
ӷ·ľͷԽԽ棬Ҫ֪ﵽʲôطΪʲôŨҵѪζ
˵ʵȻӷӵ絽ڤ磬ٵĴ½սѾǶ಻ʤˣѪҲǶţëˣŵѪȣӷ绹еһľΪѪȣǳӷŨңֻһô򵥣Ҳһô򵥣ǵӷв½ǳ⣬һɱʮʱѪζŨңңڻѪȵĳһεľ룬ѪζŻԽԽŨҵģ治ֳ֪һôĳ
˶кĵģҲǺģڣӷĺģҲʹ뾡֪·ľͷʲôطҲȥѯһֻӷ
̳̣ĵκһˣֹͣ½Ųѯһģɳӷ粻ûֹͣ½ŲǼӿ˽ŲѾĳԽһߵǰȥˣϣҲûκεѯʣ
һ໥һۣӷ粻ǣǷӷˡ
ѵͲ֪ﵽʲôط𣿡ʵ
ˣȻ֪ˡ
пЦһң˵û׼ΪȵĿĵ֮һ׼ûУܲס
ӷĸϻǰ˵˵˵Ļ˵֮Ȼ֪ˡ
˴ԼСʱʱ䣬ӷһٶȶʮ֮죬˵ʵ˵Ҫͨٿǧ򱶣ô࣬ҪСʱɼͨˣǻü£ǺüʱܵĿĵѽ
˵ĽŲͬʱֹͣӷվһǰģʵһ֮£һûȥԽӷ磬óӷ粻ͣǰ棬Ҳܵһʱ俴뿴Ķ
˵أһ£Ҳ˵ӷڵĵطһµұ֮ϣұϣһҶһͨڵĳӷˣվұڵͨڣȴǺܸߣҲ׵ľɡ
ǰһƬޱȿ磬ûұڵǰ棬һ磬ӷģһУһƻĲ͵ĳУڣŸ¥ã𳵣̳һУЩȫƻˡ
ÿһ¥ãһ룬ڵϣѺۣеһһһеĻ𳵣ȫϳһһڣзɻǴ׹ģײ˳еϡΪҵǣڸ¥УеϣУУɻУеϣ̳Уеÿһ䣬ˡӦ˵ʬ壬Ѿ˵ˣһЩ˵ڣѪѾȫˣȫһĸʬӷе˼ǣڳеУһħĶһѪɫԲȦħųڵѪңУӷԶԶȥڲͬĵطкܶħ󣬶Ѫ
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ӷ綼Լ۾һħ˵ĳУطĳУﵽ׷ʲô£ΪʲôǰУȥ˵죡
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ӷһԼļʲô˼
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һĻӷѾˣڻҪҵļʲôЦ
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ȱŭ㣬ҲѾ׻ȸ˻
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ӷҲյˣ˵ﵽʲôط
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ӷңָĵطȥһóӷһţ
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ԼĹ¶Ժ
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ӷ˫ıʲôʱ򶼴
ʮ֮ĵ磬Ĺ
㿪ʲôЦʮ֮ʮ֮
ѵеħǡѪ
ûЩħǿǻԪѪʮ꣬⽫ʮ֮꣬
˼ǣ֮أѾԭĿռʱˣǴԽʮ֮ã
⣬Ǹղͨ·һʱʮ֮ĵ硣Ӧ֪Ȼʮ֮󶼱ˣ͡
ӷ㶵Ľӻʮ꣬ʮ֮ˣħ˫ӴۣѪ¾˰ǻԪ磿
ң˵ʮ֮󣬷û䣬ģǧ𣬱С㣡
˵ʲô
ӷһͿˣʲôû䣬Ǳ⵽ʲô˼
˵һףǾɡʵʮ֮꣬˫Ӵ۵սֻǸʱ򣬷ûвμⳡսɱС㣬μӵģҲ˵˫Ӵ۾ս֮ˣǷǱС㣡
Խ˵ԽͿˣ˵ʮ֮Ǹ˫Ӵ۵սһܽܣ֧ʮʱ䣬ҲûʲôСֵģϾսһʱ̣ͷֲʤֻǣΪʲôǱ˫Ӵ۾սҵȥˣ
ң˵ʮźͲܲμľսΪ㽫ʮеĵȥ꣬ʮ꣡


2855 
֮ǰľȸţڵĲ˼飬߼һóӷ翪ʼúЦǳغЦ
ˣ
ʮеĵˣҲ˵ʱ㣬ʱ㣬ӷ罫֮ҵŶʮ֮꣬ʮ꣬ⲻòóӷеЦ֪Լ֮ǻ˼Լʮĵʲô˼Լǰ³Լ֮ǰ꣬˫Ӵ֮𣿵˫ӴӮˣɱԼս˫ӴۣҰ
ӷ籧˱ȭЦǸһУνǷѾ˼ѽȴ벻ͨǵΪʲôʲôô𣿡
ǲ˵Ļ
ôţҲ̫˼˰ɣ
˼ǰֺ֮γ÷˼ءǣãбҪƭһУǵʨְŵģãʨбҪƭ𣿡
Ǹң֮ôģǱħɱǱ˫Ӵɱ
ңشǡڡ
ʲô

ӷЦ˳ԽԽˣ˵ǱħɱǱ˫ӴɱǱǻԪǿɱһܽܣϾЩĵˣʵˣˡȴ˵Ǳɱ̫߼ˣ
Ҫ֪ڿȫܿˣҾۼĻѧôǧ򣬾ھս˫ӴۣҲǲġ
ٸһףҲһסҵˣԼ˭Ҳˡ
˵ΪԼŻᵼıߵġ֮ǿмǧΪǿҪֱӻ˰ǻԪ磬ȴΪʱ㻹޷ȫƿشǧ򣬼ǻԪ֮һֹһǿķַ˴ǧʹĴǧڱըŻᡭ
ӷʵ˵֮Ҫֱӻ𰢱ǻԪ磿
ûҲ˵ѽܣϾǻԪǿǴǧ֮סɱϾʱѾеһУߴ츳ǧ򣬱ʨӴۣټһʱķŭ㹻ٵǻԪ硣ֻǧǸǻԪΪһģɰǻԪģΪǴ۵ռԣǧȥǻԪײȫвͨģ㻹ǿмǧһģˡ
ûǴǧ򣬶ɰǻԪģ˵߶ΪһģȻһ壬ǾͲһ룬ȥһ룬ǵͬɱˣʣǧͬ⡣
ң˵εʨİţҪıԭˣȽ֮Ҫ㣬и׼ʱܷʲô£ܴڻ𰢱ǻԪ뷨ǣǰմǧӦѾ֪ˣһǿǿôǧĻֻҪȼصʱҲǿȥǧˣԭĽ֣Ϳȫı䡣
ӷʵ˵ǿмǧΪ֮󣬸ͻ޷ƿشǧ𣿡
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ǽǰҴҪôǧ򣿡
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ô˵û֪ôǧˣһѧƨѽ
û˻ãã򣬰ǻԪǰʮδۣôƿظôǧġ
˶٣ֱ̻ܽôôǧģκһˣ
ܽң
ûֻҪصȻȻ֪ȥôǧˡѾȫǵˣһεȥ
һΣʲô˼
ʲô˼ܿͻ֪ˡ֣Ѿˣԡ
еһӣӷǰչֳһУʱȫʧˡʮ֮ĵ磬еѪȫʧˣ漴ڳӷǰģǷΧıȽСһԹһη
ô£
Ѿ뿪ʱǱ𵺵²㣬ףΪ㣬Ҫ֮ڣʼĵڶıԭ˵Ҫһ
ӷվ֮أǼĴſڣ棬ǻĹŴЩֻȹŴļҪʮѣпأкܶޣл棬ҽʬã֮ʲôĶУһһ޵
أÿһأǿĴڣһ룬ǿ߻ߣ໹ὫΪͬĵˣչ㣬ҪһعصĴȥÿһأһļʵ˵ǰЩСɫҲֻǵ·ˣѹأؼļֻҪܽȫܣȻͻἤԴôǧˡ
иң˵꣬Ҳȳӷʲôֱʧ˳ӷǰ
ʵӷ֪ΪʲôͨؼͿԼΪǿˣؼʲôϵ
ɼȻ˶ѾˣӷҲѾվ˼ڣĴš顱һرӷ·ԣǰ޷ˣ


2856 ħΧˣ
½ڣ
ƵȫڵųӷѾȥˣڳӷһϢûУħ巽ȴǻڵ֪ӷ뿪½󣬾Ѿ½Χֻûչκεжˣ
ӣħѾµ˳ӷȥʲôԣѳӷǼˡȻħȻҲǲȥֱҳӷģ֪ӷʲôطҲңΪʱȥҳӷǸֱҳ۴ûκε
Ѿˣӷ벻ۣʱҲӦûѽ
ħħ֮ףűԼΧĶ½
ԼûκεĶ˷ҲɵܻģԣԵĺƽƽǱٵǰ࣬ǲ
ˣҪҪûʻػǱ½
ס½ľص֮£ʮǿġһǱ벻ɹ˸Χˣ̫ˡȰɣ۵뿴ۣ׻᲻
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ħ֮Уȴħκ飬㣬ħҲһûУ뿴ϷǺúÿԼڵҲһ࣬һ١
˹ˣ
˫һתңԶʣֻĵ⣬½߶Ȼ۷ľ硣
ħҲѾо˿½˵Ҷ峤ôܵһȥˣڻ½
ˣ˵Ǽ᲻Ͷģ
ܡǵķҪȥ˵ġ
ȥˣӷһֱǣȥˣͶ𣿡
ҲҲ֪˳ӷ粻ڶ½Ҫֲɡǹȥ۵뿴ӷ粻ڵĳˣǼ񷶦ǷеĹҶ峤
ħ֪Ҷ߲ʽ峤ԼѾûˣֻ۷ľ磬ȥ£ɾȥģҪ֪ڳ˵磬۷壬Ǻܶġ
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ףħѾ½ΧҶ˷ֹͣ·У½ǱߣѾħΧˮйͨˣ
˱ΧǺģӷ粻ڣħȻõĻᡣȴֻǰΧûнɼħ֪˳ӷ뿪Ŀģ
Ǹô죿½ΧסˣǸͽȥ
ûȫΧǱһȱڣһǹȱڡħǽ½û´ĻһΪǳ˳ӷ粻ڣȥ˱ġ
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С½Χķ̫ǿǲӲֱϵ˷棬ѱ𵺵ǣǷǽȥ
ͬʱڣϹվڵſڣеħ˵ʲôְɡ
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Ƹ˵꣬ڵλãȻһ⾵ˣȫ˹ȥ
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ֱӵĶԻ򵥵ģҪϹҶǵʲô
ʦϷǽ½ѾǵˣԼˡ
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⻰˵ģϹҵһЦ˳˵Ҷǲ⡣ʱ˵Щǹرշħǰɣ
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ʲô
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ǰʵӷʲô£
ӷ类ץڡ

ˣЦҶ⻰˵ģʵ̫ЦˣѵɵĻѻ˵ĳڣ
ҶҲһ͵ˣ˵Ļ̫𣿡
Ҷ˷˵ƣҸ׵ĻǵȻţΪ⻰˭úЦģôܻץԼӡǷ룬ǸӶɵôֻѻƭǣҲ̫ûˮ׼˰ɣ
ȷֻѻȷֻɵϣ񾭲ŻõģҶҸӲɵϣ񾭲ҶʮֵĴһ峤ˣǰɶǿѽǿߣôܻ˵ЦĻ
ѵʲô£
峤˵¹ش˵Ϸǽȥ˿ɾˡ
Ϲ֮ǰ峤ƬԲỳ峤˵ģ˵սۣ˵ɱˣˣҲ˻㡣ƣǽ
ʲôǽǿЦİɡ
ϹǰǶΣշӣܷǽġϹ˵
ģ¡
ҲҶ˷˵е˷ĸ롣
ħҶ˽½˵ӣҶѾͶ˳ӷ磬򣬳˵ǲܷǽ½ġ
ĸͽȥɱǡ
ħü·һȴڡȸ˺ϼƺϼƣʲôԸ۰ɡ


2857 ڻ
ȫۼ˳֮⣬ϾҶ鳤Ŀɲһ۷ĳǿߣҳҲ֪Ѿʧȥ߲ʽԼԣҶ峤ʱ˵κˣ˿Ĵ⡣
Ҷǰʱ񷶦еΪŶվȥӭӿˣʵڷֹҶǸ
Զɽűվ˳ϷһһС˫۾ǰҶˣԶɽʵǵʲô
һСѾͷԶɽǶ׼⣬ԣԶɽڿʼͿʼñΪһεļ̳ˡ
ڳֳȻĴ˵ʵŮļ̳ȨȫϵģֻҪŮˣͬǿԼ̳гҵģڶˡ
Űǣ͵ģҶˣ˵ģͶġ
Լã
̫үүѽµľ˵Ҷȥħ壬ħƢ˵Ǿ·һģʣħôܷŹЩѹˡڣ֮ڣǸħˣҶǲѡһĻµĴսʱǶΪ꼰ģǣԵ̫ɱ̫ЦԣǲŻһѡѡͶǳˡ
š˵ĲҶˣǾԲԼΪ꼰ģһˣٵҫʲôûв˵ԼҪڱ˵̫ɱ

˶٣˵Ŷ
ʲôֵģ
ҶҪͶǵĻǶȻὫǵ͸صģҲӦ֪زڶ½ѽ˵ǲӦ֪ʱܹŶԡѵ˵ǵسô
ԶɽѾ뵽ʲôǸ˵һġ
ӷˣ£ǾҶ˵ǰ㣬ǱץˣһǱ۸ץˡǣΪʲôҪ
̫үүүүȥŶ
ûǸҪѵ㿴Ҷ鳤Ѿû𡣡
ԭԶɽѾҶ鳤ûˣԶɽ벻ͨǣǵʲôطȥˣǿɲͨı˵ûûģǿɶѽѽ
ɷΪһĲ񷶦ţ֮Уڳ۵꽫󣬶ɷǵһĵõ񷶦ģȻûʵ壬ֻһ壬ַ͸һʮҪġ
ɷˣҶ˵ǰʵ֪Ҷҳˣкָ̣
ҶѾǰҶˣǰҶ񷶦Ŵģ񷶦ħת֮ȫҶִǱˣͶˣɶɷǶһΪ˴룬ǲġ
Ҷû˵鳤Ҳû˵Ҷ˷˵飬ղѾ˵ˡӷѾץȻǲ֪ΪʲôȴʵġȻĻ˵һúܿЦΪЦǲ˵ġ
ɷЦһ˵Ҷǲ㣬ֻ˵飬ĺѽܡεھŴȥף׳Ըħġ֪ߣ֮ԱħΧҲΪ˵ȳ۹ȴǣץ˵ھŴץӣʵǡ
Ҷ˷˵Щ飬޷ġү̸
Ϲ˵Цү̸Ҷ˷磬ãǸʸ𣿡
˵Ϲңô˵н磬ΪϷȶĻ
ҸĵʱȷǰҡҵʱԶһ֣Ķ飬Ѿˡ鷳Ҳ˭˭ѽ
ϹҲϻ佣С棬Ϊ콣ϹС
ס֡
֮ϣԶɽ漴Զɽű¡
үӣ齻ǴͺˡǬ˵
ǶѾǵ֪Сˣ飬Ҫô嶯Ҷ˵˵ɣôһ£
Ҷ𵺵˵һ飬Զɽ֮󣬶е˼顣
˸ɶӣ
ǵġгƣڽУʮָߵĵλ˽ӷץ֮󣬾ͽĴȨȫ˳ơǰҪǰ֪ͨһϾҪ
ˣʲô˼ѵӹǳ˲ɣ˵ǳӷһֽģɲǳ۵ƾʲôǳ˽ˡ
ɣ˵Ӧ۵ʵ޵еģܷʲôط޵еĴڣһ޵еʲôѵ˸ҵֿɡ˵ˣץȻģǲҪġֻҶ˵ǸƣɲǸöڱҪɱǾ͵ڿеĵλҪȡ֮ߣҲȻǿģϻһľأǼһһֱڸԣ½Ǵľģһһծһġ
Ǿˣѵǻǲɡ
Ҷ˵ǰ㣬ǸƵʵǵУûһܵеĹˡΪҪǣǴħģֱܲӸɣɾǲˡ
ƣʲô취
û취һ취ûСȻǳµǸΪʲôƾͼء
˵˼˵ֱóƶԸħҪóƸľȥȥڻңǸںˣ
ûõİ취ҲҪǳԣֻҪǳ˵Ĺظ棬ľȥħɡ
˵꣬ת˵棬ûĽ飿
ûУ뷨õġңˣѾˡ
ڵΪǵ׵ĿѽȻøо飬ˣȻҲȫоĵ
½֮⣬ħ˫һתһǿԼϮȻħ
ʲôˣ

һħ󣬳ڿħǰͬʱһħ󣬳ħ󣬿ħȴħм˳ʹħ໥ײһ𣬲һ޴ıըʹƬ򣬶
ħȫħ߾ۼͬʱ˵ҲڳԶɽ񷶦Ĵ֮£ȫ˳˶뿴Ҷ˵ǸƣǿһôĵزӷΣȻڱӷһսһܻ


2858 սħ
ʻħߴħ֮ȫħֻаػԭһҲûħϮħ˵ԣǱضǳ۵ˣǶˣϾħѾ֪˳ӷ뿪½Ŀģȥ۵ġǣǳ۱˵ĻħǾԲģˣ˾ܣڳ۵ǿ֮£ܲˡ
ڵħ߾ԲǳۣΪ̫ˣʵ̫˵㣬ɴ˿ɼǳۡ
˵ҲȫʱħĶ棬γӴƣȻҪӷȥԿħȻҪ䵱ڻңǳֶֺΪأħܾ˵ʱҲҳ˼˵ʱ
мλãӰҲ˵Ӱ漴ʵ壬˵ǰһľأһ͸ľµģҲӷµģȴȳӷԵĸӵĸ߹ʣȷκ˶ûȵģʵĻҲֻǸƿƿ³Ǻܲҵġ
ľų˵ҲѾҶˣȻܲµ˵Ѿ֪˱һУڳӷ类ץƽӹȨ֮£˵Ѿˡ
ֵǣ˶Щʲôˣľرκ˶ЩһｻֶΣÿһӷͬһ͵ģյĺܣһȺˣֵõϢǲܻ޶Եģ֪ӷ磬ҲѾˣȻûһվԵĺ֣ľһʱ֮ȫ벻ͨ
٣е㲻Ծѽ
ľطڳƵ˵
ʲôԵģǳˣǰħ壬Ӧûɣ
ûħ巽ǰˣĲвŮļһħˣҲǰ˫Ӵۡ˷̬ȣҾ̫ˡ
Ŷ㿴ӦҪֳһô̬ȣ
ŭӣˬʣѾ˸ֲͬıԸǣÿһ˵Ӧöıǣڵĳ˲ûбֳ˵ЩҾòԾ֡
᲻ΪħΧӷֲڣ֪ҹԿħȽҵΪѡ
ⲻܡ˵ļһȻʵһҲޱȣǾԲ֮ʱǲһüͷǿеʱǲ˰벽ƴһսܽΣǶһġ⣬ǳˡ
ơŶһ˵˵ս棬ֱɵˣ
Ҳȫɵӣ٣ǲȻڵ̬ȣͲҶ˵ˡ
ȲǣȻӹȨǾҪڵ˸ҵţνţչֳġ
ƿǴشˣţȷҪϣȴȫҪĻһҪһֳûеȣָ߹ʡ
ħû뵽ľȻһӷ粻µСӣȥûгӷǰգȴżҰģһħҲʮǿģԼõ֮ĻСӸԼħȻǲµġ
⣬ʲôˣ
ڿûʱȥܳ˵ˣȻѾм䣬ǾҪȸħһͷԳԲУԼҪˡ
ǰǲвŮļһվ
⻰ľضеơʲôвŮѽĻԼ֮˵Ͼħ˵ĻǵֱħһħŭˣǾͲҪħˣħ壬һһĭͿ԰˸
ѽ
Ȼһ竵ļһôжô竣˼ʵ
٣ЩǲӦֳ˵ڵġ
ľصѣóƺǲˬԼѾ˳ӷӹȨˣҪµָֻ𡣵ڻҪľصЭûľضԳ˵˽⣬ԼܴħΣͲܿƵס˵ġ
䣬㿴ų˵ˣҪħһԡ
ľû˵Ҳ֪˵ʲô˵ĻֳսУǾ飬һУƸӷʮǧġӣҪĵһλˣһֱ̬ȥԼ飬ģ˭ﶼ᲻֪
ħԳƣҪκ˵ĸ棬ǲвŮ˵ۣħ
ͺãҲȥȥˡ˵ʨӣҲ
ƣ۵ӣ
ʲôʱһɶӣħǴδ˵ѽ
ӷ磬ơֵ񣬼ľСԱߣں棬ӣСӦò˵ġ
۵ӣû뵽ѽӷ粻ڣɶȴ˳ôǳӷһ˴򲻹ۣ벻ۣͰɶ𣿡
ߣӷ绹ûʸĶ١ʵɣȨѾȫɱٽӹˣӷѾûΪˣӦñͻصȥˡ
Ŷ֮⣬ĳˣѾӹˡ
ǡˣϻ˵ôɡ
ȻٽˣҲѾȫ˳ӷ磬ȻҪλ˫Ӵۺúøһˡ
Ǿñۿ㵽жͣȻԴӷ硣
˵ʵֱӸħǲռĵ˿˵ģħҲռ˵ģϾ˫˽⣬ħŵ֮壬ȴʲôûУĽ֮󣬰ģȻǳɡ㣬ҲɵϣûĴսС⣬ġ


2859 ꣡
ħҴ⣬ľҲɵӣֻƵؽ羫ˣΣʱľضȻ˵ֱ˵ģ
νӣľصƨ磬Ҳܻڡ뵱꣬Ϊ˳ӷĳɳľضЩʲôϣڳ䵱һͨ˻ͨ˵СɫΪϣľԸΣһȺбΪϵļһԣľأκείҲԳž޴ѹڲ֮ͬ£ͬ
߾飬ųƶϾţƺţͿȫ˵ľһôˡ
˵ʵҪľظħȣľظȣľظ˫Ӵڳӷԣľأеͷһʵǿ󣬵ȴűûеĻǣǻۣգһô磬ǿݺᣬͨ˳ưԵ磬ľأԲͬݸ׼һ߹
ıһжҪҪˣǲǿߣԼ޿ܵˣǲš
ò˵ľأǿߣţӷֵ£ӷԼʮľصģһǷǳķָôأľߵ죬ĺúõģľصˣǱˣôмӷĵˣľ㣬ߵģûУľһ˶ѡ
ԣʱ򣬲ħǿǳƵ竣ôĽľ˵ֻǸ̰ˣ
ľ֪Ƹħһʼ˫֮ǲֳܷʤģϾ˫ڲ֮䣬ֻħӵŵ֮壬ڵĳȴʲôûУЩ˫֪Ҳ˵һս֮ǿɲܸ㶨ģҪʱ䣬ȽԷĵϸ֮󣬲ĳ֣
ħ֮ľ벢ǺԶ˵ʵֻҪһ֣ͽĹԷҲľǰ㣬˫ûо԰֮ǰᷢһġ
ħȻǳμ棬磬ҵĵ̣ȻԿΪˡȶְɡ
⻰˵ľǸﳤļһǿ˵ʱô˵ĻأʾʲôҲԸ߶Էʵ֮£ԣҪöԷ֣ԷĵϸŲԼ֡
̫ˣһЩĶսϣǸûκġľڶڻɣǲԼѡˣڻǳӷĻȻгֵģԸһɣֲᱩ¶ʵֻᶯʮ֮ԷȴֻأΪԷҲʵǣȻֻʮ֮ʵǶԷ֪ʮ֮˵ʵһôĳ̶ȣҲһԵˡ
ħҡҡͷ¶һЦı飬˵ɱ㣬һ治Լʲôǽгӷɣ㣬ûʸ뱾һս
ħĻǲвŮȴ˵ĺʵڡ
ƣûʸһսӷһҲ̫С˰ɣʵСľ̫ǳȫͲԼġ
һħ⻰ΪڹļŭԼ֪ħ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ǳĵģʵڲһﳤĻƿ֣˫Ӵ۵ݡ
ħҲ̫˰ɡٸӷʵҲڲ֮䣬ƾʲôܸӷ򣬾Ͳܸٴ򣿡
Сӣҿֻǳ۷ųһڻҰˡΪԳ˵ǲɳһԼӡ㻹Գǳ۵ĸɶӣҿʲôսû
ս⣬ս
ħˣĻҲҪʲôʱѽڱĳϣ˵Ļȷûģû֮ʲôǿǻԪѽ˵ɣһһ͵
˲εĻȻɵ˵ڣħƵǶֵĻǾ͵Ƕ˫Ӵ۵档
Сӣȥɣ챾۲Ϊ㣬ȳӷ뱾һսɡ
ֻҪ˵ӷ磬Ϊʲôÿһˣֻ֪ӷ磬ȴ֪ҳأʲôطӷģŪʵ֮䣬ĵطӷеģҳͬУ츳Ǳӵеħӷӵߴӷֻ֣ƾʲôӷͱǿˣ
ƺǲˬһˬһЩǵ顣ƿνǶӵˣһӵŭȫ˳󺰵ħ


2860 ӹϵ
ľΪԼǾԲóƸħģҪҲڡһĻ޷ڳǰ磬ľҲûȥֹŲǳƻħտʼֵʱִģ˭һζҪ¶ԷأϾǳģҲܳ۵ôĴ㣬ħֱӽƸɱˣ͵ڳ۵ϳһ⣬ǽô鷳ħȻǺġ
˫һǧеĶԹƵħħħһ˫ħڲ֮䣬һħӳֵֻ֮ɵģͷħޣħħޣΪ޳һ𣬲һɾ޴Ĳ
ʹĳ˸ħȫȥƸħҲϵײȶסӡ
ʱħ׵Ķĵ֮壬Ͼħ֪ƵʲôԵɱУҲ˵ǳˣħ֪ƳⱾʵ֮һеĻħٻὫ˵ģһһѵ֪սɲȻƿģܳ䵱ڻûκε
Ȼ˫ѾˣҲѾˣǽͲӦüȥ
ľߣ˵ĵ֮ɲġʲôûУȥǳԿһ㡣
ǲˬҲǸܲľص˼
ˡ
ѽʱ㲻ˣǸɵˡ
ħҲһ㶯ûУƲٳ֣ħҲǷԭأųƽҪʲô˵ӷ˵ĻǾ˵˼ģûκεİԼս
ˣû㹻ʵҪܳװ棬ǾɵˣֻʵˣʲôطֻҪǰһվǶţĴڡ
ӷħս㹻ıǮʵĳأʲôһħߴ֮⣬ʲôûеġ
ħ˵½ľٶħͷӦ˹ʱˣ˵ѾηˣˣȻˣһʲô
ľȫû뵽ħȻĻǣ֮䣬ڳƵĺ˾ٶϣѾ²˳ƵĵƣǼûеƵġ
Сӣӣǿֶġô㲻Ǵ˳ӷǳӷأΪʲôû
ã
ľظͬʱһ鷳ˣħѾ˳ƵһУ֮£ħſֽţǳ·һġ
˵Ƹľڵı飬Ҳһԭء
ǳ۵ĸɶΪʲôʲôﶼûУ
ϹŶеľ˵ӹ磬ģӹ磬磬Ҫˣ
˻ȥС̫ˡ
Ϲһ󺰣ľһĲˬĻ쵰ѹָղһ㲻ˬıֶûУԭ뿴ƵʵΣħ֮ΣܶԸħĻܽ˱ħΧΣڣһʲôˣ˵˾;ãСѾûõļֵˣȻˣǻⷢʲôҪԶһ㣬Ҫ½ûš
٣˳˵˻ûϽ½Ƕȥˡ
½ķľһƵģȻ֪ʵǿҪӲ½ĻҲҪһĴۣ٣˵Ӳ½ǾҪħĻɱ
׷
Ȼ˵Ѿˣûгӷ֮£ħŹǣôõĻһˣҪ´Σ˿ɲɵӣܻĻˡ
ħȫΧɱȥƸľأ֮Ҫ½ħ̫࣬ٶ̫죬ɲ֮䣬ͽ˵·
ľظȫħΧסˣҪ½ȫͲܡ
ʦѽ
սѽ
ľڵ뷨֪ղڳûб¶֮ǰѾֹģڣѾˡ
飬飬顭
ʱ򣬸߿֮Уһ׵£ƬգΧţ֮ڣһʨͷ֡
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ľȻ̧ͷʱѽû뵽ˣ֪һһ鷳ȻҪһĺôΪҪǣӷڱҲ֪ʲôʱܳߣҪһ£Ƹһͱħˣǻƨѽԣ۲Żôһк֡
˵ȫǿѹסˣħҲһ
ħһˣ󺰵ۣ㲻һںصʱңֻΪ˱ɶѵͲ˳Ц𣿡
ħĴ󺰣Ĵ½ȴû۵κȫͲֻһ׵磬ͣĹ䣬ھħ£ڸһʼʱ̫ˣ˭ûкôġ
ã챾۾͸һӣǸɶӣ챾ȷһ֮ٲֵĻͱֱ۲ˡ
ħ˼˵ĺû취ۣòӡ֮ۻҪֵĻħͽǻԪԼ˫ϣֱ۾һս
ƽʱħ˵Ļвۣһв𣬾ԲǣĻħ˫ӴۣҪˡʱ̣ʱ򣬾Ӧķȥ顣
ûжħ⻰ŭе׵磬ҲѾֹͣ˵ѹҲȫʧˡ
˫һתڶԣվԼߣԼģľأ·һִѵķ˳ӷ𣬷ڸͲֵܳġ
û֪ӷڵʲô֮ǰѳ۵ǸˣֻϧǸûɫҲһΪĿģֶεΪ˸ӷȡʱ䣬ΪߵİȫŻڻҵġ
ħ֮ڲŸոտʼҲԷģҿɲǳӷ磬Բ̫õġӲЩνĲ񷶦ȥġ굽һʱ䣬ɱ㡣
ӷ绹еһȵģܲܳԽӷ磬ԽЩν񷶦Ҫˡ쿴ڳ۵ϣȷһ֮ǧҪڱ۵
ħ˵꣬ٷϻȻѾ³ˣҲɱ˳ˣǾ˰ɣŲ֮󣬳ƶȻģ֮ǰƻһҪǾǸ֮Ĺϵ
ǳӷһֽģˣȫǳӷţӹܳˣӷȴһϢûУǵһĹϵƾͲôˣ
ˣҪ𣿡ħʵ
ΪʲôˣˣĹ𣿡

ߺߣ㱾۽ˣƸ֮䣬ҲܻšǾȿ֮ĺϷɣ˵Ҫ۳֣ƣľأ֮䣬Ҫڲˣ


2861 ߣ
ڰϯŮ죬װͬһƬ໥֮ƴƵģϷŮģŮˬģ˵ڵĳ˸һåûʲôڵڵÿһˣ񷶦ѾڵеĳԶɽ֮⣬ˣĻʲôǿߣһǿߵӶûУΪһƣһŮˣǴֵġ
ʱľظպôųƽ룬յſڣеһĻľضһ͸˵ǳˣ
ġƴһŵġҸƴơֵǣŪѾġ
Ǭһ־Ʊһֵָһ߿ˣһߺȾơ
Ϲֻһֻ֣һʵȴĵǣһȭһģ佣콣ڳҷš
ϳȻˣһһϹǶƴ̸ѵˣǼһͲһһŮ˵Ӷûѽ̳ӣֱӾͳ˹ȥڣġ
̾˿ʵνĳˣ
ѽνĳ֮ڣΨһһħ˫Ӵ۶ԿҲִ֮ΨһҲ̫Ц˰ɡ
ľ֪ӷľǲܷӵģȻڷˣǶȻԭģԭȻҲǸйصġ
һ˸Ƶһ
Ȼǳյģ˵ȻǲܸΪѣˣҲַֻóƼʶʶʲôĳˣֻҪǳ˲ˬˣʲôˣԼҲãҲգˣһӭӵʽڣǳ˵ʽ
ķҲֻϹҸǬǼĳϳȻЩԭåļһƲӹܳ𣬲ӹȨǾͿܷӦɡ
٣һǳ˵ļһġҶԳӷ˽⣬ھӣʮϸģһССصˣĨɱ֮ǰӷΪ˽ЩļһѡΪǿ˵ʵ˲ЩģжĵͳͳĨɱˣʣµÿһˣ˵ǶԳӷʮĵġ
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Щ˵ǰףȥʵ˵棬ڹعǰˣ󵶡
һˣȻǸӷһУΪĿģʲôʲôֶζõĳѽ
٣ҿǻӦø˵̫࣬ҸطסɣȻЩһͲҪȥǣ֣ħɱʱǵֵסȻҪ
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Ƹľظһתͼſڣһ˽
ӿȥٶһķ⣬ÿһ϶ᷢڷϵķڷ
ҿͿ㣬ȺûĻ쵰ӡޡ
ģڣһ˶ѡӡ
һڣ壬ֱӾ͵˳ƸľǰңһڻɫҺֱ˳һ£ƻûӦȫ벻ڣȻûʵļһ˾ֱ¿ˮ̵ġ
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ľ֪Ҫ鷳ˣڳ۵Ľ̵гģǸ߹ģڱһϻ̵¹ܵˡ
³ϻ̵֮󣬸ӳƣֱϣһѾͽƸľظƿһ㶼£ǳǸҶǾͽ˶ǵΧ
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⻰ûԳƸľ˵ˣ˭Ƹľء
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죬ӱڳоԭûиһȥԸħ壬ȴյϢ˵ӷ˵£ȴһʲôƵģ˵Ҫӷ磬ӷŭԣⲻڽӵƵĴ˵Ҫң̾ͽĹȫһ˹ؼԵá
ȡľصĽ飬˵淢ͻû뵽һϻ̵ó޿ֱ̣Ӻӣվס
һˣȫֹͣ˳֣ҲǻתԳӷľأΧ˿ģĸҪĹƨӣָվΪټĳˣһӡ
⻰˵ͦЦģټĳˣȷһӣ⻰̲סĴЦˡ
ӣ㼸䣬ëѽ
֪ʲô˴ѽԱһ̳ǴĴģֱӾͳ˹ȥ
ģǲСӣ
Ҳ̫ԩ˰ɣǴһģٷֲҲǳǱѽӾ϶ǳԼ̳һҹȥĳƵķŭּˡ

ƶӵҪǰӣ
ӿǽƻĺܣͼҪ֣Ա߿ֱӾͶ󣬲¶ͷָų쵰˵Ҳ˭ĵ̣ȻˣݡϣŪѾġ
һۣ˵ܲеϢңҲӣ㣬˶Ŷ
ɼȻѾ߸ȼˣҪĿģԼЩֱҳ鷳ǻе˵ȥˣϾ˼ҸհԼӦħܳӷڵôǳɳģֱӶָߣе˵ȥˡ
һѾ޴Ĵӣֱָ˳ƣޱʵڳǵ˶֣Ĳͷˣ


2862 ҪĶ
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ˣǴδйĬӷʲô£ֲõĳӷİȫץˣǱضֻкôûлġνĸɶӣҲܵǵĵٻ˼ǳˣûһģҲûκˣηĸʵ֮£
ںܵ⣬ΨһһΣ˶վߣڣԼǴүôôˣԼǸĶû취˭ЩһأȻڵ߶ѾȼˣǾҪҵİȫҶסЩһﻹʲôȥСӶ
ڱ˵ǳ˵ˣҶ峤վڳߣһԸƵģֻҪԼЩ˲֣һж˵ȶֵĻǾĲѽҶˣҵĵ˶ħ˫ӴۣȴܹǴս⻰ܴģƵĴЩˣһϵûѽ
ӼѾŭˣҪϼӰͣľؿɲǳصģͰƽˣһദӣԼղǰæ
쵰СӣҲ˭Ȼӣ㻹治֪Լмǰɡ
ƵȷȱҪ˼Ǿββ;ʹžڱ𵺸ӷսʱһڻʣȴںЩֱվǰһϴ϶ӣϴû֮ǰȸ˵ȥ
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ƸûǹеЩľҲ̫ˣΪ˵˭ԭӵΣħǰԭԵ̫Сˡ
˭֪ӿɲΪɱ˶ǹģѵͲ֪Լǰһ𲻵κε𣬰ǹֻΪ˰ֵĸѡ
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һĻóˣǶݺݵĵӣ˼˵ӣĹͷˣıˣ⳥Լǿɲܡ
Ӽһ֪ЩһºһȫжԼڣԼҲѾ׼˵ʡ
Сӣ㵨ӲСѽ㶼һ٣ԾǶǳ˵ƣȨơֵܽǣǻڵʲôСȫͲǳ˷ıǸǵʲô𡣽⳥һҪ⳥
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Ϲ֪ȻѾ⵼߳׵ȼˣڣԼʦʱܲ˼ĻᣬԼȴΪ˵⣬ʲôɡ
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Ϲҵһ֣һǿĻ棬ֱӳơ
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ŸԼ˰ɡˣţˡ
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Ĵţڵڵˣȫ嵽Ϲҵֻпū񷶦ûжڻǶֵʱ
üʮ磬ȻҪһԽ۷ļһͲܶס֮䣬ͻᱻԷɱҪģǽԷֲ
ӹܳˣȴɱˣȲ˵ģ۵һͲŹ㣬ΪǽӷԸħԸ˫Ӵ۵ģǽɱԼ˵ģ
ƸľѾһλãҲ֪ǶԷ£ľ˵ҲûԼڲܶɱ˵κһˣΪκһˣųˣ˼Ҫģɱ֣ˣǾ˵Ǹɵˡ
λ˳ƣǳ۵ӡǰǰһԸħġ
Ҫԣûá
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˵ǲϱ٣ҲӦʶɣһֽľأӦöϤġ
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ȥľأʲô⣬˭֪ǵˡģȻҪǵĵΪ֤ĲҪʵ˷ָ


2863 Ƶİ
˵ʵħˣ˳ƣܹҲֵܻģϾӷ粻ڣԲôƵĵǰ˳һɡ
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Ʊģϵˣȴɱ֣ܶκɱ֣ǳȺ֮ģҲֻܡ
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ȻϵϵܶõĹϵԴֵʱÿһ˵зִġ
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ūû˵ΪǴģΪʦȻʸ˵ģ
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˵ԶɽľԼƣôͰϼһأղſǳֹģҪӹܳˣҪӹȨԶɽͷӹܸƨѽ
ڣľطӦҲģȻ˵ĳԶɽҾͽĻ־ɡ
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ûֱ˵Ļе˼ľػǳƣĺס˵ǸңǳˣͻǸħһģôħģͻôԲģǴ򲻹ȫһƴһһҪȫˣҲǾԲܵģ
ȻʦѾ˵ϡȻǲġ죬Ǿȥݼүӣү´һָʾɡǣҲԵȺүӵķԸ
˵꣬ľضԳƵһͷʾߣһ̣һ鷳
ƣˣǬǰʵ
ΣҲɱǣǣʵǿģϹǰǼλǡ
Ϲվ˵СӵаǻԪħʵǵھŴ֮ϣǼɱ
ԯ˵ҲõģûµĻɱҲܡ
λǰ仰ҾͷˡǲҪħǸƸľأ⣬ȥһ˵磬ǲľ˵Ѿʨȥˡ
Ϸ˵һȥһ˰ɡ
Ǻã鷳ϴСˡסȥأڵ磬Ǿ˵Ӧڱ𵺣ϲȥܰģ


2864 ľ£
ԶɽȻ֪۵ڸʲôȴԿ϶֮Ի˵İţȻĵΪһĳۣԶɽΪ׵Ļ൱˽ģҪͲһ飬Ҫ飬ǶǾܲ߻ģԲһʱ֮ȥκһ顣
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ģʨϵ飬ȻʨǰӹܳˣȻֶġ
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ľؿ湻ģ£۶֪ΪûмЩӶһƵʱ䣬ҲȥעôС顣
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ľػҪ֪ӷ磬ڵʲôط汻ͻȥˡɲܳӷʲôطʲôľضţʤԼġ
ѽۣ㲻һֱ˵ǿʨǰٽƻĺ꣬Ҳֻ·һӾ㿴֤㿴ھԵĽƻǰǿʨӣҲƺõ嵱Уȫʬ
䣬˵Щӣʲôط

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һ˵ԭʷǱߵģӷ֮ͻȥɱӷ磬ӭս˫Ӵۣܣ磬ѪʼǻԪ硣
һ˵ҲǺǲû˵ôˣԶɽôˣңôˣЩһû˵ǲӷ̫ѹҪóӷڱгɹĴأմǧ򣬳ΪʨӴۡ
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ѵǿ֮󣬾ͽΪЩѵճʱ򣬾Ϳ׵Ľκε˸ɱһأҪʵֻǰΣѵʱ򣬶ôġ
еڳӷĶҲ֤еһУĿ֮ڣѹЩԼһͲ˷ȥЩֻ赲סӷ͹ˡ
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ԣǻۣҪõģǻۣԼһУȫΪǻۣԼѪ⣬ͷԼһУԼڣȫΪǻۣͨһء
ֻҪʽģͻûʽģûԼԼҪʲôеĻĵˣ͸Ӳܻ֪ˡУλعصļ֮⣬һУġҲ˵λ֮ǰԵĵˣ֮ǰ㲻ɱ𣿵ȴûǸʵôʹ棬ǰɡ
ӷˣġ˱̬ϼһѾӦˣԾǾۼһӷ綼ûʤġķԾҲһڣҲ޷սʤǵģΪӷ֪ϼһʲôطһôķʽԼģ
ڣ仯Ī⣬һΪӷֻǸս߰ˣԷĵϸǻëѽ
νĶǣǸǰЩѽѽǸһ֮ǲû뿪֮Уҳⲻǽ绹󷨣ħĹǾǳӷӮˣһأعصļ֮⣬ǹˣ
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Уʲôطһ⸽ңѾʾԼճʱùЩʲôֶΣһǹصĹؼڡ
ӷڱҪ룬ҲǰԸĳһ˵ֶΣͿ԰иҳˡ
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ǹⰲŵģǿģЩҪֻ֪ҪأǷƽ飬ռ֮ڡҪصһϷҪԣΪΣǾģһСģ˵ģ


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һã˷ܵʱܻһЩΪĶߵһЩǶԵЩ߳ãɹĹؼڡ
ǰЩִĶӷ޷ͨǰһأŸտʼһգ͸˵ȥһصļˡ
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Ȼӷ統ʱ֮ܳɹģŵ壬ֻǷŷȥ˵Ҫչĺţ˭ѽΪҪǣʱĳ۴صģסϺϺϾ֮һͽӷųȥķʵˡ
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һصļڷչת䣬ߵηʧһ޴ԲξԲξһƬڰ֮УΧƣŵ˸еľĩ֮Ψһһط磬ΪһԲξ
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ΧƣתȫҲԽӵǿңȫ˹
ӷûȥ׵磬Щ׵Լϣ׵һּΪǿÿһ׵ڳӷϣӷ粹һԼһǧ׵󣬳ӷ壬Ҳ˾޴ı仯ɲǱɹޣѱˣԭҪʮ
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ӷ֪Լӽߵڣ棬Ѿˣǳӷһ˵ԼʱǱģǶһܶõ뿪سˡ
µʱ䣬µľ˵Գ˵Ĵ˵ȷ̫Σˣӷ粻ˣһħȫĽǳ˵ˣ͵ֵסħģ
ͬǾȻ壬˳ӷǰӷڵ壬ǲµġ
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˭Ͳҽ˰ɡ㣬Űɣ
ɫŮųӷ磬˵ձһصļԽңɫ


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ħ巽棬ħѾ˾·γ˾ž֮ƣ׼ڳӷ֮ǰ½˳¡ߣȻһϢҲûõӷţҲûκϢҪôħŵʮܣҪôǳӷųˣǰ߱ȽϿܣΪǳӷų£ħһϢġȻǱ߶鲻Ϣڳ˵ħȻһ㶯ûС
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٣һǲǸʨһǴӰǻԪģľԥһᣬ⣬֪òʣˣҲһ֪Ϊ˽۵һж˽ľҲǲòʵġ
֮ǰҲʹʨ⣬ȻʱûһȴڱܸоǿԾ̲סһ¡ʨȴûлشң˵ʵĲҪʣȴܴӵʨǻţһȷǸʨһ԰ǻԪģڰǻԪʱ򣬾ӦǸŵʨġ
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ڰǻԪ飬֪Ķ࣬ڵʨ飬Ӳ֪ˡҵϣħܹǻԪ磬ǣԽǸǿˡ
ľһֹ٣⻰ɲ˵һʨ֪ˣҶûġ
Ҳֻ˵˵ѣ
ҲҪȥǻԪ磬ôһҪǻԪ粻ɣʵôȥ
ľȴͬȻҪƿǧ磬ȴֱȥǻԪ֣˫Ӵ۽磬֮нԼһе谭ȫ֮ȥǻԪ磬ֱȥǻԪ˫Ӵ۴ҪİȫĶ࣬ϾڵİǻԪ˫ӴΪۣɶһеǿǱ磬Ҫǿѽ˭ҪֱɱǻԪ磬ǾɵΪˣǳۣҲû뷨ѽûҪǻԪĴٵô鷳
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Ƶʵǿ³޵ģϾ֮ǰĳֻеһͰˣǿƷģսģԣƲ̫ˣ˵³еĳӣġ
šˡھͽЩӷųȥ𣿡
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𵺣֮ڣϣӷŵһصļһǰŮˣȫΪɫ࣬Ҳޡ
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֣ʮֵ󣬵ӷ֪Ϊʲôɫ˵Ǹձļѵǳ۸ǿ߲ɣҲ԰ǻԪ𣿷ǿңʮֵĹ죡


2869 ħȼ
ûо磬ûм֪ħҲ԰ǻԪ磿
ӷɫʵԼһ㶼Լڵʵ˵񱬱һûмûоֻаǻԪħ𻮷ˣɫ࣬ҲޣӲħޣһԼ֪ȫ壬ڰǻԪһ塣
ӷ֮ûֱӶ֣ѯʣΪӷ֪ɫȻԼǶԼһУν൱˽ġԼȴһ֪Էȫ϶ĻսԿľԼ
ɫҲûκε˵ûҵȷ԰ǻԪ硣ǧ֮ףԽȲε硣ʵ˵ĻʵѾԽľ磬ȴδӵߴ츳ԣ㻹޷ǻԪǿ߶Կ
ûߴ㶼֪ӣ֮ǰѾȫ˽ˡ
ֹ˽ô򵥣һУʵǣ־Ҷ൱˽⡣ңһ㶼֪ģ˵֮⣬еһУ֪磬ΪʲôߴͿڰǻԪߣΪʲô˵ֻҪӵߴ츳ͿڰǻԪվסˡ
ȷӷ絽ڶ֪ΪʲôߴͿȥǻԪˣǻԪǴǧ֮ףɵ磬ֻǴǧеһˣӵе츳ǿҲܸǻԪħƥѽ
㣬ӷ֮ǰûʱȥ룬ˣҲһܵõ𰸡
ڣȻɫ˵£ǳӷɾҪˡ
ǴӰǻԪģǰǻԪǿ𣿡
Ȼǣǿеǿߣұʵ㿴͸Ϊ۷ʱ֮ǰһҵĶ֡
ʲô
Ϊ۷ʱһĶ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣҲ̫˰ɡӷһӦ˵ģһصɫȻ˵۷ʱ򣬻һҪǿǲǿΪ֮ÿһҪɫӵǿ

ⶼЩʲôѽǱ̬ҲҪ̬Ӱɣ
㲻õġֻ˵۷ʱʵһ֮ϣһҪԶԶԽǡڵңӵеֻ۷ʱһСˡ
ɫ⻰һӷҲͷһ룬ɫ۷ʵǻʲôԭʧȥ۷ʵأ
ӷ磬ҵǶģ֪Ϊʲôߴ츳ǻԪħĻһǿԸġ
ĺ£ȻҪԼйߴ츳顣
ȻԸ˵ȻҲԸˡֻ츳о֮ûнϡ
ˡȱٵԭо֮⡣
о֮⣿ʲô˼
ղ˵ľ֮⣬羫츳ֳƺҲֻ֮ưˣ֣֮й֮ħ
֮ħ
ħ羫츳Ȼһħ
ҪôԾڿս֮ǰһὫйȸģҲͲ֪ȥʹӵ츳ŵҰйֻ֮ģһὫ츳һַʩչıһ
ϴ
ӷҲɵȻԼɫǵˣԼҪһأûҪתԼѽ˵ʲô츳˵Լֻǿⲻĳ˵İ
ȻҪ˵ȻҪҸƨѽ´Ҳǲġ԰ǻԪǿߣӷ绹ϣ֮ʹʹĸһܡ
˵֮ǰȸй밢ǻԪħĻ֡ǰǻԪ磬ħһΪߴֱͣΪ֮ħ֮ħ⣬֮ħѪ֮ħ֮ħ֮ħ֮ħħһ𣬱ͳΪħħַΪĴ󾳽磺ԭʼ㡣Ĵ󾳽еС磬ҲûʱϸĽ˵ֻҪ֪Щ㹻ˣϸ⣬ȹ˱֮ԼѰҰɡ
ɫ˵ħĴ󾳽֮󣬳ӷ·뵽ʲôƵģ޷ȥ϶
ߴħǲ뵽ʲô
磿
ûʵ磬ߴ츳ǰǻԪ磬ߴħܱɵģҲ˵һħķ֧ľ֮⣬Ǵӹ֮ħܱģħħ֮ǴӰ֮ħܱģķ֮Ǵӻ֮ħܱģѪҲǳҵѪǴѪ֮ħܱģǴ֮ħܱģƮ֮Ǵ֮ħܱģ֮Ǵħܱġνߴ츳ʵȫԴڰǻԪġ
˼˵磬ҲԴڰǻԪ


2870 ս֮ǰջ
ӷ磬񷶦ǰ׵ˡ֮ףΪôͳ磬񷶦ͳ磬룬磬ôֵģǧ磬ôֵģ
ɫ⣬˫ɫ۾ڳӷϣһҲûж
ӷȻѽͳ磬񷶦ͳ֮磬ôڰǻԪôĹؼء
˼˵˰ǻԪ֮⣬ǧ磬ͳģ
û׼ȷ˵ǧ磬ͬһĽλĽλ֮ڣǧСλ磬磬ֻеһ磬ͳĵһ磬һλңǧ磬Ҳͬһʱֵģ۽ͳġҲǸ⣬Ϊĳ֣ͣͳġ
ʲô
磬ɳͳģ
û˵Цɣ֪粻ײ֮ͳ𣡡
ҲҪ֪˭ǻԪġ
ѽǳ۵ӰǻԪȵ磬磬ܵġԳ۵ʵ˵ԸĻôֻܻ֣֮֮Ը֮£ŻȥΪ
ôһ˵Ǻܣ
ǿܣ׼ȷĸ㣬ǧȷġǵһδĵһ磬һλ磬һ磬һλҲʣΪʲô𵱳ǰģûȥ͸ʲôڷô顣ҿԸ㣬֮磬Ϊ˽Ը˫Ӵ۵ģΪǧ磬ڰǻԪƿ֮ڣֻͳһȫµĽλܰ˫Ӵ۵ĿƣڲƵ֮£ܸ˫Ӵ۶ԿĻܸ˫Ӵ۶ƹܵ磬λ֮УκһУλ۵Ȩߣǧ
ԭӣҰֱ񣬱үүҪӵı㡣
ʵ𵱳֮Ի뿪ǻԪ磬ǽӵ˵ҵһǰִġ
ʲô񣿡
ǧ硣
ʲô
ǧ磡
ûǧ磬Ҳֻʵܽǧȫֻ°ǻԪ硣
ʱǸңΪʲôҪ
ҲΪ˫ӴۡĻңҲǱ˫ӴĻңͷ˫Ӵ۵ĴڣҲΪȫǵĻȨ˵һȨսΪõȹǵĻȨ˫Ӵ󣬲Ż´˾ģֻҪǧȫˣʱ˫ӴƿصҲڰǻԪѣĻһеһƴǧ粻ֻҪһ۳֣ûǧ򣬴ǧҲᾡֵģֻҲΪʲô˫ӴҪɱҪԭֻҪʨӴͿԴ˫ӴУӹܴǧ磬ǧûϵһѾ̶ľơο㻹Ŵǧ򣬶˫Ӵ˵в
ҰΪʲôûлǧ磿ˣͿûнЩˡ
ΪģʨӴ۵ĳ֡ΪҪֵĶʨӴۣҪʨӴƿشǧԭҾͲ֪ˡִǸҲʲôΪ֪ԼִУĻңҲȥִеģһдȥִеģǣһѡ
棿ôģ
ýΪߴ츳ħķ֧ҪҪ׵Ķ࣬ǲŻнõ֮һСֻ𵱳̫͹˽û뵽ΪǼһĹϵ磬Ǹ磬ߴ壬֮ԻΪĹϵΪֲ磬֮Żѡת֮еģһǶεתֱᵽ磬һתΪۣھǴתµ̵棬ŻᵮʨӴۡ
ɫ˵⣬˵Ĺ»Ѿ˵ˡ
ӷ˱۾ʱʵ𣿡
˭
Ұ֡һУȫͲġ
Ȼˣڲͬ磬ͬĽλŲͬĸ𵱳ڰǻԪʱ򣬾ѾһˡȻĴڣļ壬벻˹ϵ˵ģڰǻԪǸ壬һԸһۣ۴°ڽɽļ壬֮ˣУִĳ£ȴ֪֪ĻҪԼȥھˡ
ȻĹѾ˵ˣǲӦøңôܽתΪħ
ͨͿתڻûԣҪȹزС

ղŲ˵˵Щ£ҵͻھȻ˵Ҫزⲻں
ҶǺ˵ˣû뵽ȴһˣ
֮һˣ
أӷţÿһأһأҪȡģ
ɫٳ⣬ӣһǲ˷ʱˣ˵ģѾ˵ˣǽǴսˡ
꣬ӿͬӷ磬ҲΧ֮ڡ
ڶ֮󣬱Ҫ㣬ҵһ֡
һ֣
ӷһ䣬·Ѿ뵽ʲôƵģ˵⣬ⲻܣ
ûʲôܵġҵһֽС꣬Լ


2871 ˭Ǹ
ûмûо磬԰ǻԪ磬һܿһе꣬ɫֻĻˣ֣Լ֮һ
ѹ˵ֻҪأܾۼˣԭؿļһǱʱģԳӷ˵ϤΪԼ˳ӷܾãΪԼǣԼΪʲôܱأܱʵأҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ԼУǲ˵һĲ񷶦ҪɫҪҲԱʵģԼȴӵв񷶦֮ãӵв֮ģȴһ㶼֪Աʵģ
ôԾ֮ǰѾ˵۷ʱڵʵԶԶ֮ϣֻΪûܽҵ۷ʵӳԣҲŻô׵ΪõġȻܴңǾܽҵ۷ʵֻҪ۷ʵȫˣͿȫƿشǧ򣬳ΪʨӴˡ
ԼӷҪܵģѾʲôļˣ֮һԼ֮󣬳ӷ绹Ҫһһܣ˵һʮּѵ飬ϾԳӷ˽̫͸ɳӷ絽ڲ֪ԭǿԱʵġ
ףԼӵ㣬ӵԼ
ɫӷ˵һĪĻ˶
һðһս޹ϵĻһ俴ڽ˵ĻһУ޵ĻɫҲԼһʱ֮䣬ʧ˷Ƶġ
ӷһҲһأȵʲô˵ǱǻҸëѽʱҴӮˣ˵زҿɾͱˡ
ӷ磬ʲô˼
ҵ˼㻹֪Լ𣿻Լ㣿
ԼԼҡûңûԼԼԭǻ࣡
ʲô
ֵӷסˣǻ࣡ôһ£
ǡࣿ
ûҾ࣬ң񷶦ĹŻ磬ʥ޼߲ʽĹȫࡣǱΪħĶħ
˭òǳ۰ɣܣʱ˵ֵʱ䣬ӦǸǻԪһģۿ֮ųֵģԣɫ˵ġԲǳۣ
˭
ǣӣѪݺᰢǣӢ쪣ɣսʳǣټң𶥷壬ֱ޵еľ磬ȴһϦ֮䣬Ϊһ˵ͬǰ㣬һţʧǵ֮Сԭǧŵǣȴĸų꣬ǵ壬Ϊ¯󣬻ǣνν۸һУǰͣĶħ
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֪Ϊʲôӷһ³ŭˣֱһ棬ɫǰ֣û˿ԥܶԷжǿɫԼӷҲ֪ԼΪʲô˵ĳ嶯һ㶼˽ģǶʵһ㶼˽⣬ȴȫ˽Լľٶɣӷ鷳Ͳһرɫ֡
ֻ֪ôĺɳӷ绹ǳˣ·û˿Ԥװ㣬еǹӳ嶯óӷˡ
ӷҪ֪ɫ˵Ǹ˭ΪɫѾ˵ĺˣȻûֱ˵ӷĳеȷ˼ɫ˵Ǹģ
һѣסɫĲӣֱӾͽֵǣɫȻһҲûӷסӣһҲˣڲͣĴЦЦͣĴЦǷ˰㣬ܵʲô޴Ĵ̼㡣
ӷ˫¶ɱ⣬Ҫֱӽɫնɱɳӷ֪һǻˡ
һ̣ӷַ·оһֻ޴ε֣ڱʱԼ֣ԼȴץֵֻĴڣҲǸͲڰ㡣

һͻȻɫͬʱ֣ɫɢǿҵ⣬漴ӷסɫʧ
һأˡ
ӷû뵽һع˵ļ򵥣ӷҲ֪ɫͻȻʧأҪأǾԲɵġ
ھԼΡӷҪģɲǹôˡ
ǲ֪ʲôܣ
ӷ翴һʵ
ʵĲҪʣ֪ĲҪ֪㣬ûκεĺôȻ֪ģҲ̫ǵʨ£ҲǺ
֪٣͸Ҷ١
˼ǵֻأۼڣԼѾʧأûмԼҲֻܵȵһصʱһ𼤷ˡ


2872 ˣ
վסѻ˵˭Ҳ뿪أҲˡ
ӷԼԼǲǳԴҩû˵ĳ嶯ֲò嶯Ҳ̲סĳ嶯
˵֪Ǽ£Ƕش㡣֪Ļֻһ취Ǿǽ밢ǻԪ磬˽ʨļ壬ֻ֪ܡҪ밢ǻԪ磬ڵʵǲܵģһǻԪ翪Ǿ͵Ҫ硣
һȫӷ˵ʲôҲûҪ˵ȥԼ֪飬ʲôȥ˵ء
ԼѾȫʧȥһɥʧһж־ǿ߰㣬侲е£һʯͷһͬʱػţ·һССĶԼܱ
ӷͲֹһҪߣ֮Ҳûֹס
û뵽һ仰ӷֻԼҲɫһսңӷͿ˫رյļƣһءȴû뵽ǣĽ֪ԼĴһˣһʱ˵㣬Ҳڱѽ
кõһ棬лһ棬ٳӷ֪ˣǰǻԪȻɵģһģҲ˵ͳġԭڰǻԪǿߣʮֳ֣ڵʱʮ֮ǰҲǰ֮ǰԼͲ˵Ǳ֮󣬲ųΪ۵ĸ
ۣǻԪĵһδۣ֮ǰİǻԪ磬ѾŻȨˣʱҲ˵ǰѾȨսǿսĽӮˣ˵һģһģֵܽãֻΪһˣһΪǶħļһʹˣȫ˸ı䣬ԭʷȴų꣬أǸˣģһôˣôˣܱ֮Ϊħġ
ӷôĴڣܱ֮Ϊħǿɲֻô򵥣ֻɱô򵥣ֻǿô򵥣ӵŸֶͬΣڵĳӷ磬ڵĳԶɽڵĳۣܱ֮ܲΪħأ
ܣѾǿ˵ز˵Ҫҳһȳ۸ǿĽɫǾֽİǻԪ磬ǲܵġ
ʵӷϸһµĻ뵽ʲôֻӷûȥԼ֮ǰ˵ĻǹһǻԪ飬Ǹ壬ԡۡΪϣǸ壬۴˰ڽɽ֮ͼˣǿĴڣڵʱǰǻԪĵһ壬һδ۰򣬶Ҫصļ壬Ϊʲôڽɽδ״֮ǰҪˣУǴ˵ܶ벻ͨĶ
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ͬʱڱ𵺵һɽ֮УۿǰʯͷԼɵ̾˿˵Ѿӡеļ䣬ΪʲôͻȻأ
һվڳǰû˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôˡ
˺һᣬ˵ʨ᲻ΪǾ仰Լǵӡʼ⣿
һ仰ӷ˵ʲôˣ
ʱҪԼսֲ׵Ķ֣Ͼ̫˽ǵʵ壬Ǵδ֪ģԣΪ˱սķȵԼǣǾ˵һ䣬ԼԼ㡣֮Ļ
վʯ˵Լǰһᣬ˵ͶˣѹԼͻȻǰ飬һӷǾ仰뵽ʲôãԼûˣһԼˣҲģǸʱܿƣ鷳ʹˡ
ʨǼ£֪Ҳ֪࣬ģҲ޵ġɲΪѽһãһǴ£¸պûġ
ÿһ˶ź֮ģӷУңͬҲá飬˵ӷ磬ңҲ֪
˶٣ۿʯԼѯʰǸˣ˭
һҲԼһ֪һ𰸡
ڣ˭ܸһأʣ۶֪飬֪ˣǷټĴǧ磬˭֪
鶼ѾôãҲγôã˵ǸˣѾˡҲǵһйϵȴܻҵһĳԱǵĻҲܻ᲻֪
ңʵʨ˵Ǹ˻ţǻô
ţһˣţǻôأ⣬ͲҪκεĴ𰸰ɣ
̾˿˵Լ۷ʱڵղŵǣȻڵء
һûκεķϻֱ˵ǣʨ


2873 սʼ
ڱĳӷĪĹ˵һأعóӷǲˬͬʱҲǰδеĻΪӷһ˵Ǳģһġ֪󣬳ӷԭΪ밢ǻԪͬģһִȻģΪֻ񰢱ǻԪǿĴڣܲǿĴڡû뵽ǣȻΪ¯ģңǸˣڰǻԪ֮ǰ˵ĳֻ֣Ϊ˸۵Ļôֵġ
ڰǻԪ磬˵еֻۣʮʮ۳֮ǰַʲôأȲ˵Լղ˵ЩԵǣǸˣͬʱҲпԤʮ۵ˣʮۣҲпǸڱٿصģ
йκķκ˵ĳ֣һβΪ֪ḷۣ֮̌ǰһΪ֪ḷ̌ӷҪ֪Ǹ˵˭ֻڰǻԪ磬ܵõ𰸣ңֻطܵõ𰸣һ½ǣң֮ڣǳ۵ԴǵϵԴϵ棬Ҳǳ۵棬λǻԪһδۣ۴°ڽɽпܾ͸йϵܰ۴°ڽɽͼˣȫܸһӵɽġڶطǰǻԪʥأʮǹʮģڰ۳֮ǰѾڵģҲ˵ǰǻԪΪϵżڣʮδ۵ıʹǹ֮У˫Ӵ磬ħ֮ǰǴʥǹ֮ڣű
Щӷڻ޲ߵģҲһ˵ӷҪ֪һУͱȥǻԪ磬ȥǻԪķֻһӵŸһʵ֮ΡڶǿǻԪ磬ȴǲ̫ܵģΪǻԪǰᣬɱΪѪӷֱܲӰ˫Ӵۣħȥ°ɣ
ڣӷ绹ҪȾۼܣھۼ󣬻ջҲһԼҲɫ˵ۼܽȫתΪħһʮҪ飬ʵڳӷ˵ʲôءȻӷڵʵħ֮䣬ѾǿĴˣҪǻԪ
ħߴħĴ󾳽磬ӷȫҪգҲֻЩ֮󣬲ڲ֮ء
һǿǹˣɳӷ֪ǲõһϵģԼҲ˵ҪҪǣôӷҪһһܣǵ
ڶأǺĹ֮У񷶦ΪףĹŻΪΣʥ޼߲ʽģĹ壬ԼһعصĴȥһعصĽܣҪ죬Ϊӷ粻ط˷ʱˡ
ͬʱ½ڡ
Ʋûڿ³󣬾ֱӶԳ֣ҲǸû˿ֱֵӶ֣ǽ鷳ǣӷһµʱ䣬в֡
һҲǳӷͨһصʱ򣬳ƲſʼԳ˶֣һԾͶеĿͳӣֻ˳ĳطʵһ˵ҪǺѵģǳԼ뱻˷֡
˾ͽпƣһһĿƣǳƵķ
һ֮УҲѾ˳˵һЩЩ־ʲôط֣ϰЩʲô£ǳһµʱõջ
ƵһƵģȻɣľضȫû뵽ģΪƻһԿƾĳҪԱȴûȥ
Ȼ񷶦ǲȥƵģǵʵǿһסˣ˾ͽֱס
ӷļϵõֵܸŮˣҲȥƣϾ˶־ʮּǿģһãҲ⣬ڿɲκε⣬ԣҪƵˣӷ֮ĹϵǲԶ֣˵ʦ֮УƸǲÿƣǾֻˣںĵЩ֮Уң֮ģ֮У˿ȸ֮⣬ȫƸסˣҲƸסһ룬˵ڵĳˣѾһڳƵĿ֮УֻƲڿֱ֮ȥӹܳˣҪȴһᣬһڽӹܳ˵ͬʱһվߵĻᣬԼƵһΪף˵һ͵ս
Ǵ¹ȥˣƾʱѾˣԼһ֮ҲûκɫƵˣֵĸƽûκģֻҪƲҲᱩ¶Լ
ŸƾͽӵŴϢħ巽棬Ѿˡ
λ⼸ǵûдκйħϢȻڴˣǱضشϢ
ڣƴӷн쿪ᡣ
ʦɣ򣬻ǲ򣿡ϳʵ
һΣħֵ׼ģǲҲǵģһΣǽҪ㾡һеħһսҪסڣߵȱٺܶ࣬Ҳ˵ûû˿ԸħԿԣħ֮ǰκˣֱӶħڵλ֡
˶٣˵Ϲأ񷶦ǰһʲôͻ䣬Ҳ֧Ԯ
Ƶ˵ͷİţǵڶֵİš
⣬սţҪȫʱֻҪһͿˣһ룬ɶ·Ԫ˧죬ֻҪħû֣ڶ·ͲκεĶһħˣڶ·ԺԪ˧ΪģΪǿ󷨸磬ħסʱ䡣
һһūԪ˧һսԣָӵģͽɾʦˡ
û˵ѾǱƵˣҲ˵
ʵʦûɣ
⡣
ʱɵһ仰˶
ʲô⣬ħ˵һ⣬ʲô˼

⣬һЦ
ȻħԿΪʲô֮λ٣Ըħ
Ȼˣȫ˴ſڣֻƣ룡


2874 ֮ս
⼸ƶҳƸľأֻϧ½˵󲻴˵СҲȷǲСԷʵڳ֮ϣԼĻҪҵȫǲܵģ
û뵽ƻʱ֣ڿǹϵ˸ʱ̣ҵĻỵƵоֵġ
н죬ȫƵǰһǱסģûסģڵĵһӦ赲סƣ
ɻ˵ˣħ˳ӷ֮⣬˭֮ƥеģǰƣȷмˢӣϴξѾԿħˣΪȱħҲδռκεıˣϾƱʵڳӷ֮ϵģߴ츳ǳһֵ̳ģ֪ǻԪħйأӵеħӦþǴתġ
ǰ˵ӷ磬ûʱġħϮΪ磬ҲòңͽΪˡ
ôñӣٵͷѹǰǸ֮ǰһӹܳˣħɱԸ
ӹܳˣƾʲôʵ
ƾҵʵ֮ϣǵʨǰӹܵģѵЩһҪʨԲɣ
˵ñҲͦģǱǳ˵ͷѹ򣬽ƴŷħܣǳˣҲǳصģҪһ
ҼȻӹܳˣȻҵĵˡ붯ֵĻһΣǲܸǿġ
֪ڲ˷ʱˣħħգ۾͵һԼ߻ܸ㶨ƣ޷о󣬵ʱħ幥Ʒɱϴ½ԼҪѾˡ
ȻˣǾͱԶ٣ˡ
ļһ¡
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ڣһһɻһ룬ȴվԭһҲûС
վƵǰее㲻ԾΪڳĽ죬ÿһƢõģѡʱңÿһ˵һƣǲܻһ㶯ŭûѽ
ǵһƣʶ˵㲻ýܶ˶𣿡
תͷһǣû⻰˼ǵ˫ۿȥһͿɡ
ڵԵļΪɭȫͲӦģ
Ϊʲô֮ǰ´ＸҲֱ˵ģѵʲô⣬Լûյ
ƷһЦ˵Ϊĳˣǰĳǰĳˣڳӷǿ֮£˲òϷɽʱѾͬˣνʶʱΪܣţڳкܶ࿡ܵġ
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һ֣Ͷٵȫվ
һ£һ˫ۣȫȫɫÿһ˵ĶͷϣҲһֻӵӡǣֻɵһͷվ˳Ƶߣ漴ܶˣҲվ˳Ƶߡ
˰ɣǣνĿܡ汾٣һǵİڽɽ
ɵһţ˵Ѿ˳ӷ磬һ޷ҿƵ±ѵģʱ飬˵һв
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ŭȴһ仰Ҳء
ƣÿһ˵ٶѾסˡڣЩվڱߵˣȫֻӱٵ
ұû߳
ʡʡɣ˭ûɲһ
ڵʱ˳κ˸ҿһ̾ͻΪһɱĶڵĳҲܲôˣ㵽ʱ۹ҲнڵģˣɱģԼһϵûѽ
ϹŭһҪȥȴǸסˣ˵嶯ѵû𣿡
⣬ʱѾǱѣʲô⣬ڳӷ˵ߣɱ⡣
̸ѣϷǼŮվ̿ÿһ˵۾ǵĶͷӡǣ˵ǳ壬ĳ塣
֮ǰʱҲƹˣǸʱ̸պþעıȽ϶ࡣ
ڼǵӣ̵һʱͷӦ˹ѱˣȫ˸סˡ
ûϴһǵ˫ۣǶͷϵӡǣǱӸסˡǸĳѾɱΪʲô
ľû£һйϵ
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˫֮ûκεĸԣʱΪǣ˵ĴȨƣǾ͵ڽĴһ쵰
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ѵ취ȫӿסˣɱǵĻǾͻǶ֡ǽսȫǻʲôȥħԿΪǿκ˷ĻᡭϹң㻹ʲô϶֣
Ϲһ֣ǶԵ˶֣˿顣ҪǶ֣ôѽ
ɣǶ˰ɣǵֵܣҪǶˣǻڵʲôɱ
һɱ˵ڣߣ

һĵǬѾֳִ󵶹ƣһһѸֵ漴ʡ
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İУһĴǬһƽ֣ˣ裬ͬҲѾˣ࣬Ҳͼˣӷ統ʱҵ˶ģҲһ裬鱱ܸ鱱ŷ棬ûг
Ǭһ£˫ͬʱȥͬʱ磬ɼˣҲֳ
ϹҼԥˣ̣Ǽȫ֡
һʱ֮䣬ڣֿ˹ڵ⣬ҲѾΪţ˵ⳡս״죡


2875 ã
ħħѾӵھŴ½½ѹ
һΣħ׼ʮѽߣһİˣһûֹˣòħеһɫ磬ŵǺɫ׵磬ȫ£Ҳźɫĵˣħһ峤ħҲǵһȥǻԪĴħħĸס
ħѾ˴ħ֮⣬󣬻ĵ⣬ĵ⣬Ĵ½ʣ֮ڣű
һΣһҪ˳ӷ粻ڵʱ˳ˡ
ӷ磬ħ˫Ӵ۵Ŀ꣬ɼȻڳӷ粻ڳˣħȻǲܴˣѳӷóӷһ֧ԮûУʱսӷʱ򣬾˸İա
ȻħѡʱˣҲΪһơħĳǸĽɫڳ˵ǲܽܵ˳Ƶģ֮䣬ȻһִľظһⳡִϷħʱ䣬ʱҲǳڲʱˡ

ħʿǰħˣ½ϣˡ
ħЦŵ˵ͷʿ¡
һ˵Ȼϣ˵ⳡսˡ
ǳ۵̵ġǸƣͬǳ۽̵ģʵ֮ϣǶǳƵ˽⣬Ὣֳɸôĵزճأ
ħǹʵģǳ̵ģڣҸӷվһ𣬶ֶԳӷһֽĳɱ֣һ޴ķѽ
ҲҪ̫ˣţӷҲǵ֮׾³˵Ļǳӷ֮ǰһУ͵ڰ׷𡣡
֪߱һΣƿõĳĿͣס˳һѽ
ʲô
ĳ壬ǿ͵ģѾסһ
ħô֪µģѵڳ˷ҲӦ𣿿ɾУոշ飬ħʿոģħ֪ģҲ̫˵ɡ
˫һת˵Ǹƣѵʶ
ƣ۲ʶȴǱҪõһӡ
ľأ
ʵľأͶ˱ۡ
ʲô
ľͶħʲôʱ飡
ҲǸϲϻˡľصΪˣӦúһͶڳ£һְͶ㣬ǼһҷԴѽ
ñ۸ۣǿߣʤߣҲ͵ˡΪ۲֪𣿳֪ˣֻǴûеưˣҪľóƵ飬Ҳֻ֪ҲҪһ䵱ڻҶѣһ̳ˣȻʺϵѡˡ
òϣʦһĿ껹ǳӷ磬ҲţȻʦ֪ľͶ㣬ľظƷųǷΪӷȡʱġ˵ľҪҲͬ໥õĹϵܱľصһ㡣
˵ûľֻܳһ㡣ȻľûüֵˣţҲûʲôˡ֮ľزǲڱߣڳǱߣҪʸõļֵͻƴֺãһҳ
˶٣ħ˵ҲǸݽɫ֪һγ˵ǰδеģһһսɵģȴϣ·κ˵˵ֻһϷ֮У˼Ӱˡ
˫Ӵֺγء⻤ʻҲһֵ̳𣬵ȴʱǽ磬Գۣۼĳӷ磬ǣֺγڻء
Ŷ֪ӷһΣܾۼ
˫ӴۣͱװˣǱߵ飬ľһѾˣľز֪ѵ㻹᲻֪Ȱ㣬Ҫʲô;ɣȵӷۼĻᣬҲˡ
ڱϸʲô۷ǳʱ֮ڣӷǻزġҲ˵еʱ䣬Ľ˸𡣡
ʱ䣿˵Ķʱ䣬Ƕã
ʮ꣬㿴̲̣
ʲôʮ꣡
ͬʱһܰɣôʮꡣ
ȷʮ꣬˵Ļͨ˵Ƿǳġ˵̵ĻЩǿ˵Ҳֻգ֮ˣ
û˵벻ͨΪʲôħ˿϶˵ʮ꣬Ǳߣֵôŵģ
Ȳħ˵ţڳڵⳡսΪؼģӷҪչʮʱ䣬ѵĻῴų˱ʲô
ȫȫǰ۵뿴οƳ˵ģ˵ļһǳϷƴֿһԵĺϷѽⳡϷӷ翴ƻἱġ


2876 սƣ
⣬ͬ飬ҲǳҲѾΪһģһǱ˵ģ˫֮ȫսѣ˵ʵЩûƵˣҪԱƵɱֵĻûĵµ֡ɱסͲͬˣȫûʶ֮£νĸ飬飬飬ǰ飬ʱͳͳڣǿɲ飬ŵڳƵһ£ⱻסѾˡ
ϡ
ײ½һǵڶԷϣֵͬҰͬһȺޣֻΪѰҵһ·ƴɱʹıƵǺɫ۾ѾѪɫȫѾɱۣһУֻӿ֮˵
ʱûƵҲѾסˣٲģٲֵĻǽģԼ
ܲôˣʱ֮䣬½һ޴ɱţеƣҲѾʼۼ֮ڵ׵磬·ֵ֮ܵܽһɱ쳹ء
½֮⣬ħѾϵħŴǿߣħǰ棬һ˫˫۾ȫ½м䣬λȥһʾ׵ĺϷٶħ˵ȷһϷһڴõĺϷ
ⳡϷûоͷûнֵĻħҪˣ˵ⳡսɳⳡսͻֱӽ˸ħҲ֪ڣǴżǿߵģԶɽ񷶦Щȫ۷ľ磬ڣҪȫסǾԲܵģ࣬ҲֻⳡսУԿƳӣסˣң³֮󣬳ƵĳˣҲͲԭĳˣʵϣ棬һǧɡ
ӷ֪飬ǾƻоġӷһֽĳˣһΣҪڳˣʣӷôܻŹƣ³ǱħɱǱӷɱ㣬ӹɵģ
ħҲ˵ʲôػȫų˵ⳡսÿһ˶˵ڵȣȵ󣬳˽ʲôӡ
ȻħˣһӰǻԪŵϴħǾͲʲôרϷҲ̫Զ˵ɡ
ʻ
ǣۡ
½۰ΧһҪܣһѣЩҪ֮ˣͳͳɱ

ػڣ
վʵ֪˫ӴʲôԸ
ڣǱֵʱˡڶ½֮⣬ħ󣬱Ҫ˫ıϣϳ˵һ졣
ãǻᰴ˵ҲҪһǧҪˣӷϻˣΪ˵ȻӺ͵Ϯȸһġ
㲻õġѾ߹ˣӷǻģȴʮ֮󡣡
Ҳ˵ʣڱҪħ˵ȥٲԸ⣬ҲҪȥϾԼļ˫Ӵ۵ػгԱļˣȫ
ħ
ħһתǴħҲǱסģûκεʶ㣬ħߡ
ƣͽˡ
ħǵ˵ͷû˵κһ仰
ħߣѾ׼Ҫ˵ɱˣҲѾµ˵ЩˣǴ򲻹ƵģΪ˱ʵ󣬳˵ЩûƵˣǲܸƴģضѡܡɽڣûգҵӷ֮ٻ𣬽ЩƵ
ͬʱڣӷһˣŰ˸񷶦ɷôۣǻ壬Ȼվ棬Ƶʵ̫ףͲܽӵסһУҲվ棬ôǰģȻ񷶦Ϊ֮ˣϹš
ȸѾ֣ӵһ֮ĵ񷶦ԯĺԨϹһŶվ񷶦ԭӭսħĴڣû뵽ȴҪ֣Ըһơ
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ڿ˵ǿսҲ˵ⳡսȨʵڳӷ֮ϣ񷶦Ѿվ˳ҲûҪñԼסȥˣбƵҲǣȫ¡
ٵ뿴Щ񷶦ж͡еľ磬۷壬ڱٵħǰܶá
ȻǰһֻŸո̤ʱڸֳһ߲ʹâ߲ʹâߴ츳γɵġ
¡һһ̤𶯣̼䣬һħ󣬳˳ǰֻħڣһһƣڳƵϣҲѾһ׺ס
ħʿǷ͵ġһǸѲѽ
λˣħʿǧҪӲǳֶϣǼں棬ҳڡ
ʶ
Ϲż˵ͷ˵񷶦ˣֻϧӵоʵģҲԯĺԨ˶ѣҲ˵ֻ񷶦ſһս


2877 ȫ֣
ϹԼٶȣƸΧˣҲȫ˵ԣڵһս޷ֵģһ˭ȥæǺ룬ֱӱΪʱ򣬲ǳƻϹˣܻġ
˵ʵԳƵʵ˵ȫ֣ܽһϾǳһֵ̳ģǳ۵ĹŵӣŪģʵԵĻƵʵڳӷ֮ϣΪѾߴ츳ڳ۵İ֮£ߴתΪħӷأֻӵ츳һûתΪħġ
Ȼȳӷͨ˱أ֮󣬾ͽۼմǧ򣬳ΪǻԪһλۣʨӴۣǸʱ򣬳ƣͲǳӷĶˡֻ֮ǰעˣ磬ܶӷ벻顣
ͱڣ
еĳ΢΢һȻһǿޱȵȴǷһֹ͵
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ϣǳһ׵㣬׵ڳƵΪϹڵλȥ
ģǹ͵ħʿ
һȻǹ͵ħʿһħʿΪһ塣
ɰ˵ĻǻԪְҵ˫Ӵ֮⣬ܻ˿Ժ϶ΪһѽΪ˫Ӵŵ֮ģֶ۵ʣȻں˰ǻԪְҵġ
û뵽ƾȻҲԽħְҵʿʿΪһ壬Ϊһʿ
ǳְֵ̳ĵӣҲʵ̫̬˵ɡ
ɻ˵۵̳һƣֻΪʱ䵱ڻҵĽɫˣûҪ̵ǿѽڣڣǳƵĶ֣治֪ⳡսôճ
Ȼڳ۶ԣҲ뷨ġǵ̳һʵڻңһǻʨĽƣ޷ʱӷ磬ԿħҲΪˣ۲ŻὫƵ̳˵ǿɣʱ򣬳Ҳȥ롣
Ľ˸סˣǾ˵˵̫ûˣûõܶһʱ䣬Ҳᱻħ˫ӴģȻˣ类һֵ̳ĳ֤˳۲ǱǿֻҪ̳ˣǷֿ񣬸ֿɾȲĴڣ⣬ɱȨ
׵磬ͬʱϹ˵ǰըϹˣͬʱҪ㣬ϧһʱϣ󣬸ߣͬʱħħ󣬽Ϲ˵·ȫסˡ
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ɳҲ̫СϹˣϾĲ񷶦ʵƣҪ֮佫Ҳǲܵġ
ϹһѾ֣ɲ񷶦ͶɵףƵĹȫֵ
ֻϹŵϣð̣˫һϹϵףʵʲôףȻħ֮£
СӣҲ̫ûʶ˰ɡ֪񷶦𣿡
񷶦֮һôܻ᲻֪
ѵǡ
ûףսõģͬʱҲҵʵ塣ھھŴĴ֮ҵףѾΪ޵Ĳ֮ڣʶһ£Ĳ񷶦ӵе
ϹŽ׵ȫ˳ʵһǿҵľ죬·أʼ˰㡣
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ƶԼ۾ˣû뵽ϹϵףȻ˲ű
ǳӷ֮ǰ֮񷶦ʱɵģΪɲ񷶦Ƭɣڲ񷶦ھű֮ȻҲյھű
Ϲ뱣ŷħһսģϾѾû˲񷶦ӵҲõģһûˡ
ɽ죬ϹſɲųӷһֽƸˣԣҲöʲôֱӱеűӭ˳ƣ
ͬʱԯҲѾԯĺԨĶѻҲ˳еĶѻϳһֻӮľ޴ѻϷơԯԯԯĿ֮£ӺչΪϹ֮ǰĵֵ³ƶǵĹҲʧΣ÷Ļˡ
һǰһ󣬼ĺԨϷĹһʱ֮䣬ƶ˭ĹˣյȨڴ˿̣΢е㱻Ϲ˸סȫ֡


2878 ֣
ƶħͣĹϹһˣͺֱӽƵġȻҲΪϹķĺԨԯչǸƵˣ
Ƹ֪ܽϹȲĻǽҪ³ˣ»ǳ鷳϶½֮⣬ħݺᣬѾ˹ƺħɱˣ͸¶ȵһμħʱҪǿ౶ӣħĵơ
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á
ǵһ˳ƺˣȫ˳ȥ

еǰ˳˳ҪնɱϹţҲֱֻӳȥˣƵɵˣҲ֮ȥ
ʱ֮䣬ȫΪ߶վϹˣƣվмλá
ϹţףҲֵܵסеĹѾڴˣ²Ļ͸ղǼεĵֵĲ֮Ѿĵһ롣Ҳ˵ֻҪٷεĹͽȫڷⷽ档ҪķңǾԲܵġ
˫һתԯĺԨɨţ
ĺԨԯҲ֪ȥɲǰ취ȳٷν֮ϹŵͽȫľʱûֵܵסƵĹˣԼЩˣֻΪ⣬׸ˣ
Ҫ취Ӧ֮ƸߣħǱһߵĴҲֻߵˣ
ϵıҲÿҪӹܳˣַֻӹܳ˵ĿΪʲôΪܴӷԿħԿ˫Ӵãûôӷ磬ŵʱҲʧֱҲ˵
Ƶ뷨ϹһģսپΨһӲ
ӣǲײĲˡһģϾҪԸħ˫Ӵۣһǰ첻ġЩһȴڤ粻飬ͱˡ
ٷϻʲôֶΣͷɡֻʣһˣ֮ҲŹġ
ɱǼѵһ޷Ϲţаɡ

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Ʒ˵һϹŵϣȫֵ
ڶ
һħ󣬽ϹŸΧסˣϰٵĹͬһʱ䣬ȫ֮ϡ
ϹŵףѾû֮ǰǿҵ⣬ʮֵСһľϵͻ᳹ʧˡ

εĹֻʣΣϹž군ˡ
ɵʱȴȫûƵ㣬ȫû㣬ֻҪУͻ㣬ǾԵҲΪʵ̫Ĺϵɣ޷ҳƵڡ
飬顭
е׵翪ʼϮγһ׵Ŀ籩꣬ȫ˶½ͬλãҲ˺üˣʹǿĵطҲʼҪϸƵġ
⡣ħƳ½ϵķ
𣬺ϹңǬǵ֧Ԯ
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ĶɷҲվסˣ֮⣬Ĳ񷶦ȫΧ
ĻͬϹţɡ
Ƽ½ķƣϹЩˣô֧ŵˣħֵܵסԣƱ뾡콫ϹǸ
ϹżǿĹֱԼʱϹţϵȫֵסˣһҪԼ
֮ͻȻϹŵһӰ֣漴ӰƹϹţȻƵӭȥ
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ӰֱӾ͸Ƶײһ˫֮ײһǿҵıըһỤֱ̃ʣҲΪɱըĹϵħ½ķȫƳˣϹҵˣȫ֮е
ʲôˣ
ƿǰĺӰȻԼһ¶ûС
ԡʲô
ǸƶģȻһʵַڱϼӷʩչ
ܣܻǳӷɣʮֵİСһСƵģôܻǳӷ硣
壬ŶγԼأͱˡⱬļȡ

ûղǸǱ
ڳƵ󣬱ı壬ҲǸղһһĺ£Ǵ̿͵һַװϴźɫߣֻ¶˫۸ͷĲλ䣬ذףһѺɫСɡСΣǿɱʵ޷һССŮޣ


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ѼŮ˼ð˳ȫţӷôһŮһôһ̳ˣ˵е飬ǧ֮壬֦Ҷ£ң˶ŭģôСͣѾü͵սˣСڵѽڵʲôطû˸ҶڣȴҪǿĵˡһȲ˵ħɱ˲գ۵ѽ

ѼһһûƿƵȫۿȥÿһ˵壬ǲǰ塣
ûһСޣȻԵֵԼصĹһȫˣû뵽

˵ʨһŮгҸСѵСѾͷ˵ħħתʮ־޴ǱǱĳЩ棬ӷҲȲϣΪ̫Сûܹ̫ǿһжǿǰֶڽսġɲòϣħħǱԭħħҪǿ򣬶ѾתһˣǰҲֵܵסƵ˫عѽʵҲԲǰħӵеģ
һ̿͵Ĵ磬ǿʱΣңǹֶΣѧʲôµĶ
Աˣ˵ʵƻ治ΪǳӷŮΪǳ۵Ů
Ա˵ûġģܶСֶŮ֡Ѿͷ㻹°ɣ岻˺ġ
ƵĻñЦ˫ֳСǲмЦλ壬Ŀ湻أң㻹˲ɡ
󣬳ҵ˿󣬵˱һϣķ棬ֺγǿءɿˣȻڡ
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Ѹ̼ˣĶˣղһУǳƵιǱǱ֮ι֮䣬ǼŮ˻ûļӦ
ڣ·𱬱֮һս˲ֹͣѸ֣Ϸǵ֣Ҫ£ȴϡ
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һշһֻ̣ǰһǿĵӰһ˱еȴ޷ƴκε˺ֻǣƾԼ壬֮ǰӵˡ
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ǱսֻսƸԣʲôˣǳ˾Ͳܵ˺ˡ
Ҳ̫Сˣһô˵ħǿߣȫħݺᣬɢǿ⣬ͻأһɾ޴ĳӳƵڱһֱʮ

ǳŭˣһС˵ϷŪܵˣ
ɱҲɵѽѾеħ̫үүˡ
ͬʱСɡУҴ򿪣֮һתӰ̼ʧΣ̼ʧģղŽʧ
һҲˣ֮֮Уһǵصϯֻһ϶ϵ
Ŀ˵СӣϷһᡣ


2880 ħ£
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԰ǧ֮ڣȫɽѣӷˣף
Զɽһ̤磬Ϊֱӳѹӷ˫¶⣬ŹԼߣ׷Բԣϵı񣬶ɣʵԽ۷壬ħϵзӵ쾡£ûƵʵǿԣȴԶԶʤ˳Ƶʵ
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ȻֲɵӣһλߣȻѾµǺҲʱԼȫĻǵͷͽһգԼǶԱɱģһ۵ĶУԼ·һԳԶɽҲͬ뷨Щȫɱ֣;ԲԼʱܳô룬Լ˵˭֣ǸˣͶȻҪԼڹġ
ǣԶɽϾͨǽħҾʱ䣬һֱڱչ֮УħǿΪ۷ĵزʼתΪħˣϾԳԶɽļʶ˵ͲҪκ˵Լܶ飬ǳӷ磬ⷽ棬Զɽ
үӣұǷǰӹܳ˵ģȻһ˲ңǽ죬ҲͲöǿˡ
ƻһ𣬱ޱǿԶɽˡ
Զɽһڿն䣬վƵ˵ǰһֻ֣ǣȥħСӣϷӦ
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Ϲŵ˵ͷ˵ԼСһ㡣
˵գϹŵȰ˴񷶦ûƵȫħڵλ÷ȥ飬Ҫǹˡ
Զɽһųƣʵħߴ츳תģ
ԶɽȻҲѾ֪˹Ĺؼڣ
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йġܿϧǵõʵȴûѧĶ츳ɰǻԪħܱɵģ㣬ϷҲѾͨħ֪ˡɰǻԪħȴͬһʱֵģҪѡеһ㣬ȻҪõǻԪħʵ˵͵ĲûôͷȴôñӣֻʹħڻĽ·һ
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ɳȴΪԣߣܴӷϣƸľغƣֻľرҪĶ࣬٣ľ֪ȥֻ̣ҪܴԼյĿģصҲˡ
ƣڸһʼʱ볹׽ӷĨɱָһ˵սԶɽĳǽߴ츳ϰǻԪߴħʵ˵ɾһǻԪħǰ򵥣˵ħƸûȫգ֮ڣħģΪħģֻгˣˣ˵ħֻǰ˫ӴۣΪǿħֱػħĻʻ͸ӲΪǿħˣڰǻԪ磬Ȱǿ̫࣬ҪҲȫܣкܶǿߣûڰǻԪĴǰ¶ģЩνʿħʿһֻ׷ħ飬Ͳܻȥܡ
ȫԶɽĻϣҲûһ£ҪģǽӹܳˣʲôʲôֶΣҲҪȫӷ硣

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ħ֮ػʻħߴħħ˲ڵûһӦڸϹǽսȴһˣֵסħ
ħ󣬴ħħ֮ϣŵɢǿҵĹâ½
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ƣҪĻ۵ǿ԰㽫Զɽϼһֱӽӹܳˡ
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ħ˵Ļһ¾ĳҪ££ƣͶģֻҪͶħ˵ģٱƿƵһ˵·һ
ڣҲɵϣܽԳʲôǶԱ֣ǶԳԶɽ֣ⶼҪӹܳ˵ֶΣǸħֵĻʾȫͬˣҲԲ鷢˵ֻҪһӦħ֣Ͷħǽ죬Ƶĩա
ܻԼѡһ·ģ֮ڣǳΪǿ˫Ӵû֮ǰǻڰǻԪ磬ҲǳΪǿɣ
ħ٣ǰˡӹܳˣҪӷ磬ġ
ƣӷɲֻͬǳϵһӰˣûüֵʱǳ۾ͻֱӽ㶪ѵ㻹Ϊܴӷ粻ɣϾӷ۵ӣ㣬ֻǸӰˡͶ۵ĻһΪãȿǻԪ磬˳ӷ۸֮Ǳһ֮£֮ϵĴڡôѡӲҪԣǽ죬˽㣬Ҳ·һġ
ٷϻҪ򣬷ɡ
ҲʾӲʾ֪Լĵħ˫ӴۣԶɽĵҲԼһν˵ĵˣԼѣڣԼȫԸԶɽ֣һԸħ
үӣǷӹܳˣԸħġ㣬ҲҪԸħģħ𣬾Ҳ뿴ħְ֮ɡһѪħڵʵ˵˫ӴۣҪرѪͱȽǴҪѵĶࡣ


2881 սսս
ڳԶɽ˵ȫûѵģҲ˵ֻҪüֵģͳͳѣûüֵģǶԳҲвģǱǵˡܶԳҲвͬʱҲǰΣˣǳԶɽȻѡȵѣ֮뾡һа취
ȳԶɽ۵ôİţӲ֪ӷǺδ۷ųģʲôؼԵãЩԶɽҪһƻ˳۵ĻᣬǾͺпܶɻԵвԣ¾ԶɽɱƵʵҲԲģһߣȸ˳۵Ŀĺ
ħԶɽϲħĶ֣ټһƵĻҲܳʲôת۵㣬ǳԶɽΪҪġ
ȻȻǲȥͶħˣҲҽħɱԶɽ룬ңȻңΨһܸħһĹؼԶɽ֡
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СӣΪϷΪ͵Ϯ
ԶɽɲЩԴ꣬ԼŶٷԼֶԸħƵʵҲȷԼ֮ϣԳΪԶɽԼΪʺϲģҪĻǳԶɽڸԼ鷳ˡ
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Ȼ뷨ͬУڶԸħͬʱԶɽͬʱɱĻǽһսʤ߾ˡ
ԶɽûжʲôΪԶɽҪΪǣΪ˼ȥʲôֻħ֮ôôɣԶɽҲû¹˭˵ǳ̳ˡ
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ڱ֮󣬳ҲѾˣΪģȴλӣôһСѾͷıȲϣǣʩչٶȣֱӾͳԽ˱
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ŻңסһԸ̫үүȥԸħ
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̫үүħѾħסˣͽɣǶԸħ
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Զɽű˫֮Уȱϸ£ҵʶʮ㣬ħ廹ֵģԣҪʱǱе״̬ڹؼʱǱʧǾܱ֤İȫ
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ԶɽƾҲԸ̫ۡ˰ɡʻˡ
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˫Ӵ۵ĻʻѾվ˳ʵҲˣֻǸһ߰ˡ
ˣͬʱһǿħ˳ħʦ˾ħʿй͵ģҲз͵ģ˶ʱ֮䣬ͽԶɽΧȴûȥơ
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2882 Ļ
ڵսǷֲ½֮⣬Ϲŵ񷶦Ѿȥ֧ԮԷħΪ׵ħߴħҲѾ˹ȥһħȫսһ֮Ŀռһ񷶦ΪȵϹңǬΪ󷽵ȴΪƵĹϵڵʵһ룬ʵ޷סħĴ֮ǰħѾ˽½֮ȫҲ˵Ψս˿ѵĻᶼûˡ
ħҪˣŻὫԾõĴħǻԪδ۵ıȫ˳
ڣħδ֣Ҳ˵ûˣܳΪħĶ֣Ϲڴ½սһ֮ԸħԶɽȴʻסˣħ취£ƣϾӷǳһֵ̳ģΪħΪ˫ӴõĻǶպԸ˵ܳΪһСС㣬˵ƻ֪۵ڡ
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һ仰ҲɵӣƵ˼ˣȫȥ֧Ԯ½
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̫үүСġǼһ
ȱ˵꣬ħĹһѾ˳ǰһħγɣһ壬㣬ԶɽҲʱ򣬳嵽˳ԭڵλӣϣħڡ
͸ϴΣħսӷ磬ӷĴǧͻȻʱһġ
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Զɽͻ䣬ˣԶɽԼǣûΣˣҳԶɽϣΣԼԵֵסġ
ǿѾȫ˳ԶɽԶɽɣڻĻ㣬ǿĹǴ½֮⣬Ǵ½֮ڣˣȫоˡ
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̣ҲɫһĲ԰ףүү
ͬүӡ
Զɽ˿̣û˿ˣȫ·ƤȫѿȫĹͷһıǿϣɳԶɽıȴԵޱȵİݣһˣѾߵһ̣;ƿݵʱ߳ƣҲһ̹󣬽ԶʧΪһʷΪһ񻰡ҵһ񻰣


2883 Ľ࣡
ǿһȼգ½
֮УһŴ޲ӵǻһΨİ׹⣬ݣȴֻ̼ȴñǵĿСֱڵһʱ֮󣬶ݵĶҲԳΪ㣡
ûƵʱ˿̣ǱһѴ̵ݺݵĴ̽ѡӷүү³˵֮ϣΪǿĴڣǸڵ磬ͳ޻Ի͵ˣǸݺһȴδйܼߣǸΪ˳ҵüҵɱһۣһըʣµģҲֻһˣǳΨд˵
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ڳ֮ǰͺñһĹ㣬棬˼Ĵ֡ң
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ˣǽŭģתΪһεһεΪΣַʽˡ
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2884 Ӹ
ģǳ嶯ģµϴ񣬻˵Ŀ飬Զ֪嶯֮Ľ޷ȵġ
񱬱ͣʵ嶯ǴϱߵģϾ̫Сˣһͨ磬ֻӤڣֻΪڲͬķ棬һӤȥ˵һʮŮɣб̼ɱΣˣǿɵȵĿ¡
һʵԶԶԼ֮ϵˣһ嶯ȥͽʮصĺ㱬ڵڳƵǰ̫Сˣһȥ˵ʵǱⷽûʩչãǾ·һģ
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˭ʱԼ𣬳ƽ᲻һеĽĨɱȻжܶ죬˵Щ˲ԼĶ֣ɱ𵺵ľͲͬˣǽ̯ӶħȥɣеĿȫͶħϣԼͰȫˣħ֮ǰԼǰȫģ
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£ǡ콣ǵĽڳ
Ϲż֮ǰиˣɵڶûãԭΪ佣ʵ屻ˣҪɱƣˣ֮ǰ˽󣬾ͱҪʩչУҲֹܷħ͵Ϯ
£ǣ佣콣ͬʱ˳ƵλͬʱĽ⣬Ҳͬһʱ֣ʹĳƵΧһɽγɵķǽڣ⽣ǽ֮ڣֳĽÿһ佣콣콣ۼƵġ
⽣󡭡ӣԲסˣǣҪ֣º
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Сӣ㲻ֵͦ㲻ɱ𡣽죬Ӿһ


2885 ٴ
Ϊ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣Ϲҵ˵һеһУħ˶ȴûһ˵ģûֻĵһֶԳ˵η壡
ˣǷԼȥǲֹڻϼ˰͡ȥ治֪Ҫˣסƣ
ħʼ˵ˣ⻹һķӣӸϹǲֹһѣⲢ˵壬෴̫ˣ
ж˻֪Ϲҵڵ飬ԼǰԼ޷ҪһѣȥΪʲôֻҪɱƣΪԶɽүӱˣ
ˣѾˣΧԭը󷨣ϹҵĻ򣬻˵Ľͬһʱ䱬˳ѾʧƬ֮䣬ǣȴû󣬳ϵ·ãܶദƤ˺ۣѪڲͣ
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2886 εȿ
𵺣ͬɾɽ֮ڣһԴԵװʯ֮ϣһСľƱǶûһ˺ȹˣֶ̾ڵĳ˵Ǹֳķ粨Ŀʨ˵ʱǱزٵġ񣬳ҲֻżСȼ̾͸ӲˣΪҪԼʱѣ
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һ໥һۣԶɽǧȷģһٵģɳȴ˵ԶɽţѵİţҲԼ
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ⶼʲôʱˣӷǱҲ֪ôӦøոսڶأ½ħ𣬳ԶɽɱѾʧĵزɳȴûµƵģ·һУ޹ء
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ȻǿеǿߣĵҪɱϵĽĻ֧ͱˡ

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˿Цһ˵ڵ磬ôһ仰У񾡹أ롣Ȩǲκַģһ߸ǱضΪҪɱĶ󡣵ǵһ壬͵̫ǿǿ۶η壬ԣڴһ뽭ɽ֮󣬲Ż˾ǵġʵİֵۣͬ㣬Ϊ˴ҵֲò
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ҽС򽻸㣬ΪȨδɳͱɱһǧʱ䣬ҷģվߵҲġҲΪˣǲŻµġڵİǻԪ磬Ȼ˫Ӵ۵ģǰһ壬ȴѾ壬ڰ齨һɾ޴Ը˫ӶԿֻҪһ£ǻԪǱ߾ͻᶯ֮֡˼󲿷ֵ棬ΪֵĴֻۣΪ˱ȫСѡ
ҪּۻۣҵƢӦǲԸˣһûУǳǰһҪ׼ٸײ֮⣬壬ͬ׼ùײģװ˵ĹײġҲ⣬ڰǻԪ磬˫Ӷ֪ʮ壬𡣡
ʨʲô֪㿴ǧ֮Уֻ˫һˣʮ壬ҲͬĵˣӦ˵ǳӷĵˡ˵ǸųӷʲôԼ·ҪԼȥߣҪΪһεʨӴۣһжҪԼŬ֮ǰİǻԪ綼ûӴ֮ǰѾеһУʱʲôӵɽɱȨһУȴԼĹͣԼĽɽɽͲȡҲһ˷ġ
۴Цһ˵ãһںЩ˭Ҫɱ˱ǡһҪһ磬һλҪһλǧҪǵԸܣȴûִеǸ񣬵ʱһ±ˡ
˭Ҫɱ˭Ҫ磬λҪλǧҪǧ磬ͳͳˣǺεȵĿۣҲû˵Ŀѽ
⣬ǳۣʨۣʨۡ
˵ɫһĲ԰ףʱ֮УһĽ֣΢΢̧ͷһǿı飬ƽ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵Ժ˵
䣬۱ʧ˻ɽڣҲ˿ˣ


2887 ۵ĺᣡ
֮󣬻ɽڣٴγһŮˣŮͬһͷİ׷̵ְ׷ͬΪΪһҹ׷ģŮˣȴİ׷üëҲǰɫġ
һһŮȥǵİ׷ü˵ʹҲʮӣǵʵͣҲֻԼ֪ˣ԰ǻԪģȴǽڲģڳ뿪ǻԪ磬δٵ֮ǰѾ˵ģǵʵ˵Ͳܴ֮䡣
ǻԪ絽˶ˣʵ˫Ӵ۶֪Ψһ֪ˣҲǳ˰ɡ
磬һֱ뻢ıƤѽӰǻԪ絽磬ٵ磬۵ķԸȥˣһǵļ壬ȴвǣʲôвĻǵʱҪΪǧЦʲôȥۣ
Ů˿ƺǷŭȻķŭҲԵɵģܻ˭˵вкƢ
̾˿˵ãӦ֪ڴǧʲô磬ʵΪġĴǧ磬Ϊͷֵܽˣ֮磬ҲҪɫ£Ŵ壬˫ӴۣڣҲֻһʱ֮ˣϾǼʱѾȥˣ
ǰһ壬ϾʮΪ׵ļɣǵۣҲʮ֮ףһĳӺв㲻öˣһöأ
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֪ͣһζȥҪ̵ʲôʱ򣿡
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ţҲãӷ֪ǻԪЩǿ֮ĲࡣյǸӣô£
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ǻԪ۵ĺᣬѵϵһ˵𣿡
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ԶɽЦһԭס˰ǻԪһ壬һѪѹǰЩҶ֮ڣҲϢĴڡһΣΪ֮ǰвðļˣѾͲסˣҪȳӷ磬Ȼ޻˫Ӵۣ˫ӴԳʱǿн˫֮壬׵ľսǰ壬Ϳ̵ˡ
ǣǼһҲ̫СˣǽΪڳ۵֮УҪɱӷ飬һѾ㵽ˡ
ɱǾȥɱɣֻҪǸ


2888 Ҳҽ
ڴһƬһƬҽĽϵأڵ֮£Ϸȴһƣ֮׵罻ӡ
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Ȼǳ۵ͯȻСĴڣνͯҲǴСһ𳤴ġһսһΨһļ֤ߣۼǸСʶڷ鱾֮Ĳ֮ǿ
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Σϰϣ֮Уûеģ
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2889 ڶصɱ
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죬⻰˵ĿˡĸܵüȻҪʶһ±ҲǼֻҪܳؾǵʵҲġȻĻǵǾͲұ֤ˡ
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ڶص·ϣȻһ谭ûУӷ䳯ǰߣ˫۲ͣΧȥͻȻֵĹԼ벻˺Ͼ֮ڣĵطһУԳƶϡ
һǽҵ飬Ͳǻ۵һأʵУνǻۣǸ׳աڶأӦòʲôֵĶˣӲٽǰˡ
ӷ֪һǿ˵ͬ飬ԲмȥڶΣԣһأһµĻС
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ˣԲǣӷԲţ˳֮⣬ɢǿɱһҲӵУͺñսһɱѽͨˣͱɱѹƵˣ


2890 ĸɱ֣

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µûǰ壬ԼľŴ壬ǸվһҪԸ˫Ӵ۵ġڣȴҪǰ壬ΪԱҲΪ˽ʨӴ۸˫Ӵۣгвһ죬ǾͲˡ

ӷһЦòЦ̲סĴЦ
ûɡΪһ£ЩһͿԽңҸף˫ӴһҲ̫˰ɡ
ߺߣֻҪһǾͽ޻˫Ӵۣóȥǰ壬֮
޻޻
ӷٴһЦɱȸղŸӺЦˣû취ļһʵ̫Цˡ
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Ǿʶһ£ħɡ磬磬Ľ㡣ɡ

ֳħǿߣһŮϵһֵŮˣŮĸˣȫǰ׷ü
ŶĸȻ׼ġǾɣһģǰǻԪħǿߣӣ컹һսڶصļûĸɱ֣ǲ


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֮ڣɱݺᣬȫԣɾͲֻĸˡ
ӷһЦӣѾȥˣɲ˳ԶӷָоԼ󣬳һǿɱ

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ӷ԰˺˵ģΧɱڣ΢΢һԼֳһˣһӣȫƤΪɫͷҲΪɫҶ˷ǱߵɫȴҶ˷ɫҪƵĶࡣ
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һͬʱ̾˿Ҳ˵ӷǰ֣ԵΣ治٣ǽ죬Ϳӷνİɡ
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2892 
ܾûɱˣʲô˺ܾûɱˣӷ˵˵˭
ʵ˭ܻȫ˽ӷģϾӷôԼµĵҲǳ࣬ܶˣȥۣױԣˣΪؼʱ̣Ϊؼá
ӷ֪ԼһˣҪս۵ĸᣬټϺĹɱΣҲڶصЩһȫûʤġǣʱһΪӷһֵסһˣǳӷ˾Եİա
ǣ˵ڳУڳӷУͲκһˣǿǰһֵסһĽɫ¾ϹǼ۷Ĳ񷶦Ҳǰ첻İɡ
ɺܶʱһУͺñڣֻǵһҪɱˣǽǱɱǺԵģκεĿšһɱأǾˡ
ӷһ֣۶û뵽ڳӷߣʱʱ̶̿һȴڣȲɱ͵ģȴЩɱҪӵĿֲΪЩӷپǼʵ֮⣬ڰһ˵ʵһҲɱˣһŮˣӦ˵һˡ
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ųӷ绰أĸȫΪ֮һ֮ǰΪӷƵģʱĻҪӷĻͲԼ˽ˣҪӷĻԼ֮ĻᶼûУѾˡ
֮ǰûиоӷˣһ˵Ϣûеģû뵽ʱڳӷǰͳһˡ
ʲôˣ
ǧֹһϴɴŮˣڣɢǿ֮Ͳѽ
ǧ֣ڰôãǴħһսʱŷģû뵽顣
ǧֹŲûȥӳӷĻֻʵҶԸ˭
ȽЩɱֻ֮ҪֵסĹˡĸˣҡ
ǡ
ǧֹûκεķϻѷɵ˳ĶΧеɱΡ
Ŷ㡣
㣿
پǼΪԶɽѾ㣬ˣҲȫĲ㣬û뵽ǧֹȻѾ㣬⻹û뵽ѽ
㣬ѷɵʲôáӷ磬ˣܾ˲ȣȲ˾ġ
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ѽ˭ɱǧֹһˣɱһ𡣶Ҿôӷ绹ǧֹעģʵ֮⣬ӷ绹ǰз˲ǿȫǧֹƾųӷЩǧֹһˣѾûоˣңӷÿһһʵ壬ܽǧֹˣǧֹҲԽӷЩգۼ֮Ĳ֮塣
Щǲ֪ģǶ֪ʵô֪һ⼸û¶ĵˡ
ɱ
ӷŭһǧֹеķɵֱӾͳɱ֮Уʱ֮䣬ڶ֮ڣһֵȴǳӷˣǧֹ
Ĺʵ岢ûж֣ҲȥԸǧֹ˫ֻǿųӷ硣
ڣˡ
ӷһʥѾ֡
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ûжĻҪǾֱһ㣬ӷҲκεĻᣬڿɲǹƽĶսһҪþһֶνԷնɱսҲ˵ʱ򲢲˭ȳ˭䣬෴˭ȳ˭ӮĻᡣ
Ҳû뵽ĹȻһҲҳӷ˵ʹ֮ǰǸ˵һѻĳӷͺñˡַһ룬ӷ֮ǰ˵ôֻ࣬Ϊʱˣ
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磬ɱҪһ˾͹ˡ
ӷӷ˰֣أѵһ֣ܾȳӷɡ
ãҪССӣɲһʨӴۡ
ģʨӴۣŴǧ򣬿ڵͲ߱ʨӴ۵ӲôǧˣҲŻʱɱġ
˵Ǽϻ˵ûУ˵ˣĸһɣһϣֻ·һҲԲκηĻġһսҽٶȽ㣬Ĺ֪ڴʲôע⡣͵ϮңӦǴѧİɡǺõĲѧѧЩûõġ
͵ϮҲҪԷʲôˣ͵ϮҲһǻ£ӷ;飬֮˵Ĺѧ͵ϮʲôöΪǵֶ̫ˣǴӳӷѧ͵ϮЧȫһ
⣬ףҹ֣


2893 ǿϣ
ĹɫһҲû뵽ӷȻһ۾ͿԼͼҲȷѧģҲ֪͵Ϯⷽ棬ôҲӷ磬ֻϧӷʱȽ϶УӷЩûѧ
˵ʱ򣬺ĹȻǲģӲԳӷģΪͱúˣͺñһ㣬ǵĿ꣬ǵĵˣǳӷ磬ֻҪӷһͻһֶΣӷأ֮ǰԼΪӷһ֮ԣǰ飬Ȼ峤ֶȥԸӷġ
ȻȻǸǵСĹȻѧˣڳӷֶԸĸʱĹ㲻ֱӶ֣㱻ӷ翴ԼͼҲվʲôġ
Ȼ֪͵Ϯ㣬Ҳ֪ҵ͵ϮǴѧģӦĵ֮У˭˽ġ
Ĺ˵仰ʱӷѾˣħڵħǳ֮ϵģϾǰǻԪ۵ĺᣬһֽ֮ŮǿһӷҲǺġϳӷڻûгΪʨӴۣҲѧȥôǧڶԳӷȫĻ֮£ԣ˵޼ɵ
顭
ǳӷһԣ漴ĹĻʹ˳ӷĶС
ʲô
˽Լɾǲ񷶦ˣӷǲ񷶦ǲ֮ģҲǴǧתΪ˽ԼģȻǲ񷶦Լһִһ֪ƶĲű䣬˵񷶦ǸԼһеģԼһУֶλ뷨񷶦Ϊ˽ġ
˵ǰضˣǵһأҲԲ񷶦ʱ򣬳ӷôȥǵȸԼһ·߹ļһǾ͵ȫԼĶ֣Լڶ֡
˵һ֮УǿһԶ޷սʤĶ֣Ǹ˭ӷ磬Ӧúɡ
ĹھȻӷսˣӷҲȻ֪ʲôˣһΪǿĶ֣ȴǱˣԼ
ѵһأҪԼսʤԼ⣬ҲǳΪصһ
ӷһ֮󣬰һҲûɳӷȴʮϺĹ仰ӷ˲Сѹ³ӷڵѪҺʼӿֱһѪӿ˳

ӷ֪Ҫ鷳ˣһԷѾԼ֮ˣϺĹԼɵѹʱ֮䣬ӷѾˡ
֮⣬ڵɽУһ죬⾵еһĻɫʮѿԼôãΪ֪һֱڰи۰£ҲһĵġһΣȻһֵ뷨ɲӷ෴ģǰĸĸȫڳӷΪɱ˳ӷ磬Ǿͽ壬ȥֵ֮ģ˵ǲôɸųôѵ컹֪һôһҸˣ˸ҵļһǿ˷ָİۣΪǿǸԼۣҲδػǳ۵Ķ֣ǵһ嵱УʨΪǿĴڣ·ǵгԱһǿڡ
ǿ߶ԣҳأʵĻʱֹңֹңһоͶ˵㣬˵ɱһˣǸ˾Իɣ˵һ壬Ǹ;Բܼȥ
ʵðƣ֪ӷ粻ܻԼðĶ֣˵ϺĹӷһԼ壬Ͼͻᱻģ˵Ҫȫ׼֪ͨԼ塣
ʶѾų԰ûд֮£ܴ磬ҪʶȥǲģЩҲһֱġ
᲻֪ųʶɵЦʲôôǲֹǵġЩˣЩ£̫òȥܣȻģԣʱôôҲʲô⡣
ɫһ䣬ʶ˻һʶѾ˳ȥ˰ǻԪ硣
ʨҪѹϵ𣿡
ϵҸǰ壬ʲôϵ𣿺һֱǰ壬ŴҰɣʲôʱ𣿰죬ΪЩ磬Ͳ֪ǻԪ飬֪ʮΪǸ£ȴۼһɰɱһǳԽػİɱǾۼΪʲôԸ˫Ӵۣ׼Ըҵģ
۴˻һɫĸѿˣ£Լǲֻ֪֪Ĳ̫ϾԼ˲ڰǻԪ硣Լ飬ô֪ģѵڰǻԪ磬Լ֪ûһУôֻһػڰǻԪôֻܾԼŴΪµġ
ǣң
ˣǳʲôطģǸǻԪ½ңȻֻһտˣļ壬ֻг۸Уңһ˵ģÿһˣޱǿĴڣ֤ϳԱǿˣ˵û֪ڵ֮УûиʨͬһֵеĻǻǵȱֵڣǲɽ¶ˮģصжѽжǿѽ


2894 壡
ǻԪ磡
岢δκδ½֮ڣںü½֮أ˵û˻ȥںĵطһƬڰ󣬼ûκֵģֻ໹ħޣκε֮ڵģֻҪǽƬǾн޳ɡ
ʲôǿߣܵط鷳ҪҲѡƬΪ֮⣬ͲκεսԶԣܶսģȻҲˡԣƬֱ֮֮أ˼壬һֻŴڵĵطҲǰǻԪبеĹż֮һ
ںܶǰڰǸʱǻԪĵһ壬ֻҪǰĳԱߵʲôطľǰۣǰ׷üҲΪ˰һ־
Ѳڣڰ֮󣬰ѾʼûˣȻ֮ľδҲһÿһδ۹ǵļͻû䣬ǵļȴûбһֱڣ
壬һε壬һļɻ䣬ÿһ۸ڵļ壬뾡һа취ǰεġʮ壬ڣţһһһĴеڣɼÿһ壬׼ģ壬ڰ׹֮ǾѡͣĻطסԽûȥĵطǾԽȥסһʱ䣬ͻỻһطⱻ
Ϊֹ徭˶ٴˣѾҪˣǨ˶ٵطҲѾҪˣҪǣڵİ壬Ѿû޷һǻԪ磬ǽ۹ŵطȥˣǸط硣
ʵ֮ԻὫĿͶǱߣΪһˣǸǴӰǻԪȥģڰǻԪǿʦǵʨݣǽгۡ
֪ʮһε˫ӴۣǰκһҰĶҪҪõĳưԴǧ磬ҪʨӴۣô֮ǰ㽫ǻԪ˫ӴҲὫ֮ǰʮȫģԣ岻òȥͶۣΪֻ֪гۣи˫Ӵۿʵ۵ĶӣʨӴۣ͸ðۼţܱסǰģǳ۸Ӷˡ
ںܶǰȥˣѾ۽ӴˣҺܰڰǻԪ˺ܶ飬£Ŵ壬һø˫Ӵ۶Կ׼
һжеʮ˳ǱߵҲѾϢʨӴ𽥵ĳУѾ˫ӴǱߴǱߵİ˫ӴۣҲħĿǰΪֹҲǸʨӴ۴ƽְˣһǳûгֵ֮£˫Ӵ۵Ŀʮִġ
ֻЩ飬ǰû뵽ģΪ˰ͽۣԼΨһ͸۵ʣͬʱҲǱΨһļ̳ˣڣȴвðסˡ
ʮӴ󣬾ͬһʡݳаĴСƬмλãһﱤﱤڣѾۼ˺ܶˣȫǰ׷üЩˣȫǰ´۵ĺᡣ
Ϊ׵ģһߣһİۣȨȣȨΪͷǰߣǰĵŭ棬ΪţһվϰٵÿһħʮǿҲȫǰĺ
ߵ֮ĹϵǱȽϸӵ֣ߵǰŭĵϵұߵģǰŭϵҲǰŭֵܽЩˣЩˣÿһΪļŭλֻôûܶ˰ŭ֮£ֻܴһμ̳˵עˡƣǵĿ꣬ҲΪԼҵȨŭСӣҲǳƵĸףŻᱻɱģŭ֮û취ŻὫ͵ȥʵġ
ˣп֮˵˲ţȴʵŭŮȴֻһӣڣûгףҲܹǣΪ˰δҲֻǱסһˣڰ֣аƣ
ۺǰŭ˼ɶ£һһֱзǰŭΪļ԰ĴΪ˵ʣһǲͬģֻҪǼֲͬ⣬ǾǰŭҲû취ǰǻԪЩеһأһ壬ʵ˵ļ壬ҲԵıȽìܡ
Ѿչزѵ㻹㵱ľǴ𡣵ʨһôˣǸ뻢ıƤʲô𡣡
վұǰߣǰŭĶܣҲǰڶˡ
϶֪˵ۺ˫ӴۺûʲôϷҲ֪˵˫ӴܸǰΣҲһġڵʱ˵ǲҲǰ壬͸֮ǰһʧ˰ɡ
϶аףֵһŭһףʱҲһģԾԵȨԼʱٺõֵܽãҲܱɵˣʲô磬ˡ磬ܶѣֵܣ֮ìܣΪϵĦǮϵĹϵڵ磬ôһ仰ֵܣˣʵ仰һַ̣
֮ǰ飬ϷҲ˵ˡڰ촫ʨǰ֣ԭǼöӣŮҪȥɱʨӴۣĽ̵ìѽ
϶ڲ˵εʱ򡣼ȻǶѾˣʱɱҪӦ׼
׼׼ҪôҪԵģɵĳۣĵʨ֮ǰ»Ǳߵɽ󣬶Ƶģ˫Ӵ涼¶׼Ҳûá
ѾϵŴ壬Ҳ֪еϵһǰ£ǾŴǰϵģȻҲŹǣԣʮۣһ𣬵Ӧ۵ĵһɱ¾ٿ顣ʱ䣬ŴҲӦÿ쵽ˡ
ʲôʵ㽫ǰ֮أŴ壿
ڲǰ֪ǰ֮أϷҲ֪ǾŴʲôطϣǲҪĵġͬһֲɵӣôܻ
˫׺ݵĿŰŭҲûʲôð취ȥӦ۵ģеĻ˵ô١


2895 ңۻ
һĹ򣬰ļҳ棬Ѿ˵ˡ
⼸ѾˣŭȻеˣϾҲһҵ飬һ۷ǾʮĴˣڣʮҪųǰЩ飬һһһҲʮبһεĴˣֻΪӦ۶ѡ
֮⣬һߴ˽֮ߣʮֿ࣬ÿ߳һܽһ£ŵ£ҲһĽӡһħݺᣬһĺۼߵмλʱֹͣͬǰ˫ۣ֮ɨһȦȴͲ˷Ƶģ̬ȺǰԴҲǲм
ʸ£Ĵļ
ʵŭЩļ໥֮ȫûģ֪Է֣ΪԶԱĻȥעѽǰ˵ħһļĻǿе̬ˣΰŭֱĸǰ飬Ҳ˵ǰˣȻһļˡ
԰ŭ֮ǰǲмȻһתһЦѵǰĴ֮ҴԶܹһˮûУֱ⣬ǲе̫ˣ
ȷ˼ҴԶֱܹӿʣҲһˣʵٶʲôء
ŭվҲǹЦҲԼеʧˣǰλĳҵļʵԼ֮ϣʵҲӦ۵ĹؼڡȻ˵һҵļʵ֮ϵĻȻͻΪδʮ壬Ӧ۵ͷĿͷĿȴǺ£ֻΪһͷѣ岻ͷ񣬺ʵŭ֮ϣҲðŭ
ȷϷˡͲʵݺᣬҰ嵡Ļ˴
⣬ŭһ£׼ϯҪӴģȻһˣ滹а˸ء
ϵʱҲû˵ʲôٷ԰ŭҲȥ⼸ѽڡ
ܿ죬һϯѾ׼ˣڰĴ֮ڣģˣֻһǰŭһǰףоǵһˡ
ʣ˰˸λãǰ˸λӣ˴ġ
˿̣Ȱŭ˵ʵˣǼҵļû𣿡
˵£Ǽշãǵһģ˴Ҳ˰ɡ
Ǳ߳Աߵأǵһԣ
ŭ໥һۣԼڶڻɣһǿߣһԻѽһ֪ԳԳԵģᶼᡣ
˼ǿˣ˼ԶΪ˼ҵģѵܾܾɣ˵ʵ̫ǿָεͷĿˣȫǼ¡
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ܺáþ
һ󺰣Լԣֻ˵ɶԣֱһŭѽֱӽ嶼ˡ
Ȼǿޱѽиµļ룬ҪӦʨȫûġ
ҲһƨɣΪһ۵ļ壬ȴǽʱͬˡ
ѰȥˣǱˣһӦһ£ʨ˫Ӵ֣Ӧ
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ˣ£ǻ֪һļǲҪȸһҪʱµŶвǾͶ˶ˡ
˷еĿӣ˵ǡ
ҽܣļҳ⼸ļѾȫˡ
Ŷ롣
ŭףһǰȥӭӣϾеͬʱģɲܵˣֻǸˣλûжǿˣҪȥӭġ
ܿ죬ļȫˣ˵һ֮⣬ģȫͷӣÿһͲҿ϶ٶڵˡ
λȻҶѾˡҲʮļһμ棬һҽܰɡ
һ£ԷŶвǾ̫ˡ
һվ˵𣺡Ϸ˫ļ
һվ˵Ҽļ
һļȫҽܣҲʱˡ
ϰŭһʮļҽܣ໥֮Ҳʶ˰ɣΨһˣûվģǵһˡ
ʮˣȴûѽô£
£㲻𣿡
ŭһʣϼһȫ
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ļڣȫվȫϯͳͳˣȴǲŵţͣĺžơ
ղҪҽܵģǼϼһ͵ˡҲգȻǶѾˣҽܣҲȽϷ㣬ҪһĽˡ
˶٣ٴκһƣƱϣ˵ǣңۻ
ʲô
ǣңۻ
ʮļȫ´󾪣ۻš
ҡǲĲۻۻʦֵͬܡ


2896 Ϊ֮
ңۻһδڰǻԪ֣ڰǻԪ磬ֻ֪ǵʨǵңϼ壬ȴδŹʨֵܽã죬壬ȻһԳǵʨֵܵļһ绢ˣһǿҲڳʮ̾ģȫɢϢʮľ
뿪ǻԪѾܾˣ˵ѾˣڰǻԪߣȻڸͬһڵϼлڸͬһֵҲ˵ǻԪߵǱߣҪ࣡Ҳû֪ۻͣ
ǰĵۻʮһףÿһ˵ı鶼ʮѿˣʮۼڰΪʲôΪӦ۵ʱԼЩɱˡû뵽Լʮһξۼһ𣬾ðһңǿߣһǵʨֵܣ
λǻǲҪҰɣֲɱǵģǺαظôء
ŭ˵ۻ㴳ǰ壬ѵǵʨ𣿡
һǰҽģҿûڶҴ磬ڰǻԪ磬ҲѾܶûϵˣȻɱǡֻǾЩһʱе㲻ҲŻǽôѣֻû뵽ʮϼһȻۼһôӦҴ磬⻹ǳҵѽ
ŭǼƣȲ˵ۻĵΪʲôǾ䡰ϼһе˰ɣЩϼһĻһֵˣϣأȻʱĻŭȻǲ˵ģһ˵һ䣬Եۻʵ˵ʮ·һ
ǵϵˣںѵ˫ӴвʨӴۣͲвֻΪҪЩˣΪպ˫Ӵ۵ľս׼ԣң棬ûʮɱֵģ
ʮ壬ʲôĻǵۻҲ⽫Ǹ
ЩҲ˵˵ˣ˸ѽ
ۻ̾˿һθЩ˼棬Ȼ˵飬ĺܹ֣
ۻڰǻԪ£綼κ¼ܵҰ˵һսϷ治ţûʮ֡
ŭĻõۻЦ˵û֮⣬ֻǸСˣ
ʵˣʣⰢǻԪ磬˵˵ۻţ֪ģҲֻңʨˣǿߣȴһֱʨѹסķͷѵ𣿡
ŭ⻰ۻʨ֮ĹϵɵۻȴһЦ˵䣬ң˵ûõġңˣȻѾ뿪ǣǵңҲֻǸˣûκһԱĴڣǲңǾʧˡֻ֪ʨΪҴϲû

ʲô˼
ʵѵ㻹ţ
ⶼʲôʱˣŶûУôѽ
Ļǡ
˵ѣЩǿһ㶼ġ
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ʮһˣƺţȫΪ֮һЩ壬ȻһֱΣͣĻطΣҲʰǻԪκ飬ڰǻԪһЩǿߣģ㶼֪Щ壬Ͳ֪ȥˡ
ʮʿ֮׵𣿡
ʮʿ
ڰǻԪ磬ʮħʦҲʮʿ⣬ʮħʦЩǰǻԪǿߣ鲼ڰǻԪ粻ͬĵطһǲǰ¶ģֻҪһ¶棬ǶȻд·£Ҳ˵ǳʮħʦ֮⣬ǿ֮߰
Ⱥ󣬵ֻҪǰģλҪΣͺˣϾΪ׵ǿΪǿʵװģȻΪ׵ʵ˭ǿԽ°ģӦǾ仰ǰˣǰɳ̲ϣۻǻĺúõ
Ȼʮʿ֮׵û뵽ңˣ
֪ҲҲŻ˵ģ˵һ˵ţǲŻס˵ģֻʵ˵һСܿϧʵУǣȴңԣǺΪ֮


2897 ں
ˣŭֵܣΪλȫǱ˳УŭСӣҲڰһֵ֮ģɱ֮𲻹죬׵Ҳڰŭֵ֮ģΪһˣȴѾ磬ǿڰݼҵķϣˣս
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2898 վɱ˱ǣ
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2899 ǧʨ֣Զ
ڶأǧֹֻҪɱֵסĹУڵĺĹһҲûеɱҲѾǧֹĲˣһƴģһûˣȥƴνƲɵ㣬ȴңǧ򿳣Ҳ˲ҷֺǧֹڡ
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2900 ն
ǧҲ˵Ϊһģ໥֮ڵ˶ȣ۵ı֮ϣǵһĻһǧǱضǴǧΪġ
ڣΪǧĹ嶼ǣסˣ˵͵Ϯӷ磬ӭսӷ綼ˣҲȫǧƿס㣬Χ˺ĹıΧԾǿĽ⣬ͣںĹı֮ϡ
ĹܵĻǾͺñһԲеķ㣬ϳһһĹӡǣ͵ĻҵĻ򣬺Ĺûмǲϵȫȫ˳ӷ֪Ҳ˵Ĺ
ѵǼķԲУǱķȥĻسӷҪռˣǰĸɱԼǧҲΣǳӷҪı壬ɾž޴ˡ
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֮ҷֻֿе𣺡ϲ˳ͨڶصĿ飬˺ĹǱء٣ҪСˣΪڽļУһرһΣա


2901 ǿƱ
ʱţת֮䣬Ѿˣʱ䲢˵ܳҲԲ̣Ȳ˵ģǻԪ¶һǣҲѾʼˣҲ˵ħδǻԪ֮ǰǻԪ𽥵Ľ֮Уȴ޷ȥֹͺñһ޴壬ڽһС͵㣡
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νĻ̻̣ڵħ壬ΪеˣħߵʲôطǶҪһСģҲûκ˸Ҷܵģһ˵³·һ
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˱ը֮Уֱӳ˼ħ岿˫ֵĴ̵ȻʣдɱӷֻڱըһĲҽ
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ħһ˳Լʱ䣬ҲŴȵ˫ֵĴ̵һӣΣҲӭħԹ֮ԱЩħһһĵȥս֮Уͬһλ½Ůɱڿħһ̣ͻȻѴ̵һգ˫ȭգƿȭ
˫صĹƿȭӷͬʱ÷ħʱ֮æңΪǱ͵Ϯ֮ģû뵽һΣȻС

ħһһԾϣ֮ͬ˫ַӡӡ𡭡𡭡ټ޵


2902 ʲôʲô
ǰιڴзħûʧҲǱһʼѾƺ˵ģƿȭιͬʱַΪ˫صҲ˵ڵһ˷ħ֮лصصֻữΪƿȭһεļŪħһΣƿȭӵ㣬ĹΪ򣬴ӷħǰй
ħû뵽Ȼôһ֣һ٣ٶĽðĻ棬һ֪ͬһ㣬һˮ޷ϨĻ棬һɲģǳӷǰˣĶֵеģֵ֪ǿѾһ˷ָĵزΪʲôŵͲö֪ˣҲǳͰźõģҲǱǵõģ£ҪǱԸ˵飬Ͳ֪
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޴ıըӱĵвĵĹɲһ㣬˵Ǿۼ˱еħȻҲͳԽ۷ľ磬ԱǿĹҲǵֵסġ

ħǵԼǵڼδˣһһСŮòΪʲôΪħ岿ڣħ˲Ϊǿһ֧飬Ҳ˵ħ֮Ϊǿװ뵽ʮȻһСŮɱƬײԼҲѾˡ
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ʵѾ֪˳ӷʲôطҲ˷ĵĸħˣΪ֪ӷֻǱ۹ؽһʲôҲǳڰӷʵģֻȳӷص죬Ȼħڣٰ˫Ӵ۲ܻǳӷĶˡ
˵һͷʹѾͷѾûκ˰ˣˣȥսѾͷʧ٣ʱһѪζʲôطȥˣĻشǼ򵥣ȥɱֻѡ
Ѿͷ˵Ļܲ˵ģϳԶɽѾˣӷҲڣ۾͸˵ˣԽЦڵ磬Զɽ֪ǼĻֲҲ˵ߣû˹ܵѾͷˡ
ħѾˣֻҪħ챬ɾ˴󹦣һˡ
ʲôȻʲô
ǻ䣬̾˿˵ǣѻ졣
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ɣħǾֻħˣħֱӱŭģֱӾʹűħ˹
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ɽеıȻ̧ͷ޴ħѾɽոסˣ˲ֻ࣬ħħűħһŵĹâԱҪСһ룬ǱĽ


2903 Ŀģ
ħۿħͬҵһĵݰ㣬·𿴵һµ⣬ԼоˣȻħˣͲܿԼɱĻħҲûӣһǵħɱ˷ħǾ͵ħϳ⣬ħ˫Ӵۣô鷢
ħص˿ȱ֣Уһǿħֱ£һ㣬ֱзħ
¡һħŵεıըһΣħ˺ħûб֮ǰһΪħĹֻħһѵĻˣһСѾͷԸˣһҪá
ʵħ뷨ۺƣ˫ǾãЩԼû˿üֵˣҲǶģֻǳǲɫͿԽǻԪʮסԼҪԳֵģħȴҪԳ֡
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˿̵ıҲµħϹƵģħȻһ㶼ţһš
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ħΪ֮һû뵽ħȻԼ֣ô£

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2904 ħѪ
ħ궯ħѾеһʮֲĸоϾǱôˣû뵽΢ֽţͲԼˣħܲķ롣
һħħ˿ϣⱾһӣûõʱֱӶ˾Ͱˡħĵģϰٴε͵ϮֶԼŵʲôֽţѵľͰô˵ĻǱֺţֱӸԼΪƻԼĵƵģ
˿̵ϹŵˣȫûκεĶħҲڵţȴŵ׻ᷢô쳣仯ûеĻǾǱΣˣΪʱ䣬ó˵ܶѡ
ǣ˺һᣬŵûκε쳣仯ֻдħ궯ȴҲѾħǿѹ
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ĸѪٵתֻУǰǻԪһǣԼٶſħЦ˭ǣѪһҪѪ


2905 Ԫս
ǻԪ磬˫ӹ֮ڡ
ߵ˫Ӵ۾ôõѾȫָˣΪǱߵѪ˫˹ʹǱߵħǻԪߵ˫ӴۣͺñѾϣϢҲѾϣֻʣûнˣ
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ʵ˫ӴۣǰЩۣÿһδ۳֮ǰжһʱĿհףνĿհף´ҵľƣҲǰǻԪΪϰٴ½ϰٻҵľ棬Ҫ۳֮ԼѪ󣬽ЩܳΪͳδǧۡ
Ȼ۶飬˫ӴͬҲˣҲΪ˫ӴͳδǧĹ֮УɽĹͷǳȻ˫Ӵ֪ϼһǸǽͷݣߵ㣬ڳϴδ밢ǻԪʱܿĳ˫ӴҲɵӣɱɽǾ͵жĥɱ¿ӾͲţ˫Ӵ۽ͳκǲҲλ˫Ӵ»ġԣֻҪɽûʲôк˫˫Ӵ۵ʱ˫ӴǾԲᶯġ
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׼˼磿
˫Ӵ˫ӵ֮ϣıÿһδ۶һţҲһħǴĵǱ߸ģֻΪħļƣŻᵼѪǰ
һ磬Ǳߵǲġ
ܺá۵ķ壬ѾǱ߿ѪΪǱг˵ĵңһʨۣ޷ɱ⣬ڣͱѪˡ
˫Ӵ۵ѪҲ˵˫Ӵ׼Ǳͬ磬ͬѪǱ߿Ѫ
ۣһѾ׼ǲڿʼ
Ҫ˷ʱˣ˷һ̣˵Ҫ⡣۱Ҫ˫ϣȥʨӴشǧС
ǡ˶֡
ɽת˫Ӵۣ
ͻأɽǰһ޴İ׹ţ׹Ŵ򿪣ŵһͷһ磬ңǸ֮Уˣȫ˵ϣӦ˵ˣһǱߴδ壬Ҳ˵һ˰
ɽûκεķϻֻһֻ־漴һ׹⣬ֱ˰׹ţڰ׹磬Ҳǽܵһ㣬ֻһѰѵ֮Уţһͷ­Ѫϵı鲼硣
ɲһΣɽһİ׹ţͬһ磬ͬ顣
ɱ¾͵ɱ¾˫ӴΪðǻԪӣȻɱѪԱǱȥѪΪǻԪѪ죡
ûĵ˫Ӵ۾Ȼһ֣ǱߵѪѪȻǰѾİһǣѪ͹ȥ
׼ãʱһ硣
ڱ֮ϵ˫ӴѾվһ죬Ѿ֪ȴ˶ãδưǻԪǧ֮ǰѾһˣֻҪʨӴɱǧ˫ӴۣõĴǧͳߣκˣˡ
ǣۡ
ɽӦһ˫ӹ֮ҲѾʼۼЩӵħǿߣǱֲ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱΪ׵ģһҲ˫Ӽˣ
ڰǻԪһۻ۵ʮԶԶ½ķ
Ѫ⣬λãʼۼ˫ӹϿգ˫ӹϿգγһ޴壬壬ͷ·һѪɫ㣬Ѫɫ򣬻𽥵ı
ˡ˫Ӵ۾Ȼַ硣ӣһжѾ˴ϡ
ۻ̾˿ӱۼѪյǻԪٴӰǻԪߴ͵Ǳȥ㣬Ǳߵˣ˭ǳۣΪģϾͨĴͣʮֵ鷳Ҳǳӣ˫Ӵֻɹ飬ϣ
۵ʵǱߵĶӣûг𣿡
ûô죬ҲҪʱ䡣ȫ޷ôǧǾǳˣҲ𲻵κεá
ߡȥֹ˫Ӵۡ
ãڿɲʱ˫ӴѾѪˣʱܹȥһ޷ֹĻǲӿѪĴٶȣǣҲΣյġˣǿ˫ӴۣͨĽɫ
ҹܲô࣬㲻ȥȥ
۵Ͳۻģֱӳ½ȥ
ŭʵҪҪȥ
ȥˣҲֻǰ˫ӴӵѪѣκáȻţҲ˫Ӵ۳ɹģʮ壬ҲͲҪˣ˫Ӵ۵һǡڣټʮҵ޷ֹ˫ӴۣҲʱ˫Ӽˡʮһ壬ټңǻԪ˫Ӵ۳֮⽫ǵһս
˶٣ۻ̾˿˵Ǳߣȴһսˣһս˵ҪꡣֶӣǧҪʧˣˣǵȫΪ˳ȫλʨӴ۵ģ
磡
Ϲŵ˿ǰһǣڶѾѪɫңһǴǿ⣬ҲѾ˰һ֮£ҪʲôƵġ
ħղŵĻϹŵȫеͿʲôѪһҪȡãѵ
ħʲô
Ϲǰǿ쿴ʯͷ£ʲô
Ǭһˣȫָķȥֻڰһ֮£һѪѪĸλĸͬħ󣬶ĸħ֮䣬Ϊĵ磬ħĸѪͬġ
ãħҪۼѪȻ͵ɴѪֻҪѪһɣǻԪ磬ͻή磡


2906 ʱ䣡
ɽ֮Уɽе⾵ѾûȥעˣΪбȳӷǱ߸Ҫ飬Ҳǳûϵ飡
һֱķķչڳ۵֮Уû뵽£ۻûȥ鷢չ̫죬쵽۶еֲˣ
ʨΪʲôѪΪʲôʱ
һ죬˳ǰ⾵ֵĻ棬ÿһ˶Ծ
ѵΪӷ˸ıˣʷҲı˵ԭ򡣱ļƻȴΪħ˼£ŵѪǰġ
ʨҪȥȥֹ
ûˣħ߿ѪĻһܹȥֹڣѪ߿ģѪȴǴӰǻԪǱߴ͹ġû´Ļ˫ӴӦ֪޷ɱԲŻѡΪƷѪڱߵѪ죡
ѵǾ͹⿴ħѪǻԪ磬ȴʲô𣿡
ǲܣǸ͹ܲˡѾȫҵԤϣڵ˫Ӵۣƿƣңڶʱ֮ڣҲû취ŤתġǲõģȻ˫Ӵ˱ѪӰǻԪǱߴ͹ģڰǻԪҲԵһʱ䡣
˵֪ͨʮ塣
ˡû´ĻۻѾʮȥ˫Ӵˡ۵ƢѾ˫ӹ
˵꣬̾˿ȻʲôˣҲȥЩˣȻǻԪ罵ѾΪһֻ֣ʱˣǳֺαȥʲôʲôء
һǾͲùˣڴŽȥ֧Ԯһ³ˡѪ˿˫Ӵ۵˫壬ֽǿͳ˵ЩԲħĶ֣ⱻħŽȥһˡ
ǣʨ
ҪסһΣǸ˫ӴۿսģֻҪסˣζѡ飬ܹܣҲҪȥܣᵼ֮ķչƫơ
õġˣǰȥħսġʨǲҪȫȥֹѪȫ
ħѪѪȻǴģǱҪȫֻ˵ѪѾ˫ӴۼӳˣǰѪȫͬǲƻ˵ģֻѪʱ䡣Ǿ;һסʱɡ
Ȼ۶˵Ѫ޷ƻȻǲܰ쵽顣ɲƻҲѽħѪ߸ǻԪ磬˫ͬʱеģô˫˫ӴԴʱɡ
û˻֪һӣǶãȴ֪ӣȰǻԪ罵ĻһеȨͻȫ˫Ӵ۵˫ϣǸʱ治֪˫ӴۻǿһôĵزǳۣҪɱǼ򵥵飡
ȲܱڵӷڵǻԪ磬½һΥ˵սǱߵѪѾʽĻ
˫ӹǰȫ˫ͷģ˫Ӵ۵˫Ӽ壬ʮ֮࣬ǰκһҪࡣȻ˵ʹ˫Ӽ壬ʵÿһĴڣۣ۱ȴǧ磬Ҳ˵˫Ӽ壬ǴǧУΪӴһ壬ҲΪǿȻܾ͵
˭ɵڸһʼͽԼĵȫƳ͵ǽȫ¶˵˵ǰ
˫Ӵ۱˫ӹ֮ڣֻоһǿħ˫ӹֱѹѹĳʹ˫ӴһŭʲôˣѾ˫ӹֱӳ˫ӹϿա
۵һϵҲǿ˷ָǰǻԪبʮħʦ֮ף˫Ӵ۵ʱȻκεĻš
û뵽õʮһεۣ˫ӣȻһû˵Ķ
۵Ҳ˫ӴۿȻǾ͵ûˣһûеļһʲô
˫ӴǰŮˣ˵˫ӴȻڵһۣϳԷݡ
ںʮħʦ֮ף
Ȼû棬ȴеǺں
˫Ӵ۾;ˣԼۣǴǧ֮ףͬҲͳЩνаǿߣһںڱ۵ǰһòûУȻ˷浱ǻĲͷ
˫Ӵ۲֪ںݣ͸ʮЩһһġ
ɵʱ򣬵۵ҲûҪȥԼˣǰΪ˲˫Ӵ۵һЩŻỻһݵģںݣҲ˫Ӵ֪񣬼ȻһжѾˣ۵ںʲô
㻹ûΪ˫Ӵ֮ǰû˫֮ǰǲڰн˺ܶЩ֮Укܶ࣬һҹ֮䣬ʧӰ٣
۵һʣ˫Ӵһʱ仹ûӦǰڰнģҲ˵ں֮ܶǰˣôңԶ飬˫Ӵ۲ǵҲǺģȴΪ۵Լʲôġ
ǰڰнĺܶǱ𡣡
˵˫Ӵ۲΢΢һԼЩʲôǲǵˣڰܶԼ˫ӴۻǺģΪŸԼΪУǰԼҪοεĸأ˫ӴԶǵġ
ѵǰ𱾵ģ㣿
û֮ҲǸϻģӲҪ˵ʲôģ˫ӴۣҪɱңҲǼ׵顣
ⰢǻԪ磬ҸԵģһڸҸԵ˾Բ֮࣬ǰЩ壬ûʵ˵ȷиԵʵû´ĻӦң˰ɣ
µľƵУⰢǻԪ֮Уң֮⣬˭ȥ˫ӴΪеģ
ң۵
ң۵
Ȼ˫ӴѾµ˵۵ңˣȻΪʮħʦа֮׶Ծˣ
û뵽ңڵʨ뿪֮ͳΪһտӣտӣ治һĿѽʨʲôϵ
Ҵ硣
ŶʨһȻôһŮˡ
ֹһŮˡңңۻڴˡ

һǿķ紵֮䣬˫ӹΧʮȫˣңûֻ֣˵ۻ۵ѣ
˫ӴһЦԭʮ壬Ѿ˳ңѹֱôҲǵˡû뵽ңʨһУȻǿߡһħʦһħʿħаϵλӣѡʱܹΪֹۼˣ


2907 ۵ս˫ӣ
壬ڴӵڶε𣬾һвοʮȫۼһ𣬶һȫ˳ң˫Ӵ˵һвˡ
˫Ӵͳ˰ǻԪ磬ǧ֮ʵҪĵһ£ҳʨӴۣҽʨӴ۸ҪԼ֮ǰʮҳնݳԳ󻼡û뵽ô˵ʮ䣬һĳԱҲûҵ˫Ӵ۸еˬ죬ҲʱʧʨӴ۵ĳ֣˫ӴѾȥѰʮ壬еľȫʨӴ۵ϡ
ʵˣҪһʱ򣬲ôҲɵ㲻ʱƫƫͻǰ
ʮĳ֣˫ӴȻûǰ˫Ӵ˵̤Ьٴȫѹˡ
ǵˣǶԼвĴڣҪ뾡һа취þһֶθʮѾ˳ңǶ˫Ӵ۵вǹвĻ棬Ȼ˫Ӵ۵ȼ
ǽ޷ң٣ҲҪʮɣ˫Ӵ۾ͽź֮ǡ
ǱߵѪѾֻȰǻԪߴ㹻ѪȥôǻԪͻҲ˵ǰǻԪ罵磬磬Ǹʱ˫Ӵ۾ͽңĵʨۣǸҲûгصʨӴ۳ӷ硣
ңڵʨһԼ֮⣬û뵽ǿߡب˵аλ
˫Ӵһɫ·һףȴֲףŵģҲһɫ˿ɵɴֻҪϸ۲죬ͿԷ֣˫ӴģһĲɵ˿ףνǵǹ룬ˮֵһֱһҪֱ֮˫Ӵۣȫܵģǵۻ۵˫Ӵ۵ʱ򣬶ûоԵİգ֣Ҳδаմ˫Ӵۣ⻹ֻǰ˫Ӵ۰ˡ
Ȼ˫˫壬˫ӴǸ壬ҲħȻûڰǻԪǿˣ˫Ӵȥѹסǧ磬ԣǵۻ۵ʵٹǿϾǳۣҪ˫ӴۣҲȫܵġ
ڣһ˲ʵǿֻҪһϨս֮ģǷݵս־ǲôǿߣ֮һսģοۻ۵Ҳͨǿߣֻ򲻹˫Ӵۣ˫ӴҪɱãҲǼ׵顣
˫ӹ֮ǰ˫Ӵе˫ӼĴ֮£Ѿʮĵ˫ӼҲģϾʮѾ˳ңңֻ˫ӼԲţ˫Ӵ۱Ҳš
ŭѾγƵ˫ӴԿʼʾˣô棬ԷɱԼ߲֪ҪٱѽǿǻԪѽһȫǾӢеľӢ˫ӴЩһ̳ģЩ濪սĻɾ
ңΪʲô
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ŭĻ֪ңѽңŶִŶôǿ㣬ŭһģһ֪
ϷҲȻеۻ۵ڣһħʿһħʦǶģһͬʱӵ˫صħݣ޷˫ӴۣҲ֮һӰɡ
ŭ˵˫ħݣȻħʿĹ͸ˣħʦҩͳħˣۻ۵ǿߣôֻһħְҵݡ
ɾٶ༸ݣµľ˵ҲκõģֻҪңʮ壬ģ㣬ÿһ˵ʮ
ʵŭֲɵӣŴҲɵӣû뵽ڵۻ۵ҪԵ˫ӴۣҪǱһӳٰǻԪʱģ֮£ǴʲôԭңҪ㳲лὫʱסڣ˵ۻ۵֮⣬ȴûңκһˣ˵ʲôпǣңѹûˣеģֻǱ߼ǰңҵǺֻܴǵļһഫˣ࣬ȴÿһﶼǿޱȵĴڣ˵Ҳ˵ڰǸʱϵļΪʲôԸ˾Ӷˣȥʲô֪޷ȥȡκεĶ
Ȼ뷨Ҳֻѣûκ˸ȥ˵رڣԼʮˣ˫ӴǱҲһڵȴңųٳٲֵģһ˫ӴҲ뵽ңʵӵ޼ɵ
סʱ򣬲ϣϣҪסһûס˶ֻ·һˡ
ŭʮ໥һۣ·ڶѾ϶ԼĲ룬ңˣҲõˣȻڶֻǵۻ۵Ҳûʲôöˡ
˫Ӵ۵ȷڵȣңڲûŭô࣬Ϊ˫Ӵ۸Ͳţң͵˶ѣǱߵĵʨһһҲ˰ˣ
ңûǾɡҲñۼʶһ£ʨΡ
ٷϻ
۵ۻǰһվ˵£һ˾ͿӦˡ
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ɶԷ̫࣬ΧźܶǿûЩǿߣȫ˫Ҫսһ֣Ҫ鷳ˡ
˫Ӵۣ𣿡
۵˵ۻһۣۻҲʲôƵġ
ѽҪɱڵ˫Ӵۣ治ңϾҪѪĴֻͣΪɱĻһ񣬲ǵۻǵ۵ߣѪĴ͸жˣһǱ߰첻飬ǻԪ߾ܰ쵽Ҳǵۻã緽顣
˫ӴۣѪ֮ǰѪ˵Ҫȫ͵ȥҲһʱ̵飬ѪĴͻҪ˫Ӵ۵ϣ˫Ӵ۽еȫԸۻ۵ѪĴҲʱжϣǱ߾ͻӰˣ
Ϊϼԭԣ۵Ż˵˫Ӵۣ
ۻ˵ͷȥʮǱߣ֮ܲܽսȫ˰ɣԼȥʲô٣ҪһʮǱߵģ


2908 ٹӭսã
ңۻڴˣ˭
ۻֱӾͳ嵽ʮ֮ǰ˫ǵȰŭأʱ֮Ƿӿеɱݺᣬʹ˫оӢȫϰס
ۻʵǿ˫ľӢһܵУЩӢ˫سҪ֪˫ӹ֮ϣϰٵЩеۣеףɽţǾ˫ٹ٣ÿһ˵ʵʮǿģۻһˣҲѳԵ
ڣɽֲɵӣ֪˵ۻʲôˣο˫Ӵ۸۵һս˫Ӵû֮ǰٹҲͲҪֵģԣɽ˫ٹȫֹõ۵ȥ˫ӴۻȥӦɡ
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ŭʮۻһŭʱһͷ亹˵ѽѽûºۻأѵۻڰǻԪ𣬾㱨˸ңЩֻЩӰˣǹŻȥʲôңǵģ֪һȻκˣ
ۻҲԼһŭ𣬽ֻǽǰ˰ˣǵı񣬺ûһԼۻ֪죬ľǽָλһûͻȻܳŭһⲻ޷˸סἤ˵ķУһеķˡ
뵽ڣۻһԼţٴһŭʮħʿ֮ףģǰ
˵ǵۻû˰˾ȺŹҲɵȥ㵥һţ˫оӢ˫Ӽȫһÿһ˵ıȫȵı仯ٿۻ񣬾ͬ˴˵е㣬ˣû֮£ȥ
ŭʱ˿ȻѾµңûˣҲʲôԮֻҪۻܽЩ˸ס㹻ˡ
ͬʱʮ忴ңȻǿ˷ָѽۻģֻҪһţͿס˫еľӢǵ۵Ҹ˫Ӵ۵Ѿ֤ң
ܶʱһ֪עصģ⣬ʵ⣬һˣֻһˣһˣȴԵһٸˣһǧˣһˣŽ
ңһվܱǧĴڣ˭ָ׵ȥǡ
˫Ѿ˵ۻŭ𣬵һΣ˵ңˣȴûţڶΣ˵Ҳ˵ңˣôЩ֪ңļһʱ˿̾ҪȵһԼķңһôĴڣһվʮħʿ֮ףҲ̫˰ɣ
ۻѾס˫еͬʱ۵ǱߣҲѾʼ˫Ӵˡ
˫Ӵŵ۵ʮħʦ֮ףŮһ㶼˽⣬Ȼô˫ӴҲҪշħаϵǿߣЩһȫײβģ˵ձǣҵǣǼ׵飬ҲΪˣ˫Ӵ۲Żȥձ౾ǳǿߵħаֵ̳һȫµ
ħʦħʿһħʿ˵ħеսʿʿħʦǵʿ㣬ĲֶΣһֶΣȻħУΪֲͬħÿһħŶֻ֮۵ʩչħߴħȫߵģӰһ˫Ӵ۵ľǧףȴգ֮䣬Ѿ˫Ӵ۵ǰٶȣκˣ˫Ӵڣ޷ڵһʱ䷴Ӧŵ۵ĳ֣˫Ӵ۸Ͳܸо۵ѾԼǰ
ৡһ۵ľצֱӾһצ˫Ӵ۹˹ȥ˫ӴӳԱ΢΢һ㣬ܿ˵۵Ĺɵ۵ȴûĹΧ˫Ӵۣͣģٵܶٶ֮죬ʹ˫Ӵ۱һɱΧסˣ
˲ƶ
˫Ӵ˵ĸ֣ٶȣ۵ֻٶڸ˫ӴͲս۵ƢȻãҲ֪ʲôʱʲô£ֻҪǱѪʱˣҲ۵˵ǰ㣬ǻԪߵѪжϵĻǱѪʱҲ޵ӳԣ۵ûи˫Ӵƴ뷨ֻ˫ӴȥѪѣ
ħãȴֶΡŮˣ治ѽ濴ȥ嶯ȴǾĺܡ
ȷ۵ǳ嶯ȴ嶯ȥǱߵ飬Ϊ۵֪Ǳߵķչ𰢱ǻԪҪҪĶ࣬Ǳߣս¾ǰǻԪ罵磬սҲǱߣΪ˫ӴҪȥɱʨӴ۵ģܲΪʨӴ۵ĳӷ磬˫Ӵɱɡ
۵ûӷ磬Ӳ˽ӷ磬뷨ǴģԳӷ˵治ŵɱԼһֲԽ벻飬ҾԽȥǳӷ磬Ͳᰴ³Ƶģ
£˫ӴҪѪȥ磬ʱ۵ȥ
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ֻ˫Ӵ̫С۵ˣˣ۵ղֻٶڸ˫Ӵûжκεħ
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ɽ̾˿Ϊ˫ӴǲԼЩ˶ֵģû뵽Ϊ˴Ѫ磬˫Ӵ۾Ȼ˵ıʵһ㶼˷ѽҲ˵˵Ѫȥ磬һ׵飬Ҳʲô˶ĵ飬ϾѪñѪҪʱȥͣҲҪȥ͡
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˫Ӵ۸ղŵĵۻһŭһɽٹ٣ȫ󣬿ɸһ룬ȴۻ
ǵĶҡ
ۻһЦ˫ٹ٣ԼһʶһҲûٹ٣Ǿѽ
ʮʿ֮ףңۻϷʶһ£ңʨ֮ǿߣǿһôĵز
ɽһ˦ǿħڱ


2909 ˫Ӵеƣ
ۻɽǰһֱӽǵ·ˣҪȥֹ۵ͱȹ˵ۻһأٹٲȫĻõۻû취ȫԸĻ潫ۻôˣߵ۵Ǳ߳⣬ɾֱӶԵʨս˫Ӵ۶ûӦɽЩˣһʨǹɾֻ·һġҲ˵ھ˫ӴҪٹɱۻ۵ãѹɽЩˣҲԲġ
˫ӴѾ˵۵ҪȻסѪͣܵ۵ôĹ˫Ӵʱ򶼲ܽзֻܷأһ˷Ȳ˵᲻©۵Ĺµ۵ĹѪͣ˫Ӵ۵ĵġʱؼʱ̣ۿǻԪҪˣ˫Ӵ۾ԲκεĴһʱ۵Լ˫ӴҲܳܵסģ
ɽߣۻûи˿Ļᣬһףϣһֻϻǵۻħ׸ħޣΪϻɸ۽еİ׻ɲһۻħ׸ħޣǿǿޱȣҲ˵ħޱߣ˫ٹ٣ûκεıԱѾ԰֮ڣȫ
ɽ˼ۻ·Ҫȥ֧Ԯ˫Ӵۣɱ۵ľԲˣѵֻĿңû˫Ӵ۵ĺһıɹˣ˫ӴҲǾԲŹɽ˵ġ
Ҷһ֮£ˣѡƴɽȴûУǶԵۻʮֿ
ۻôֹܹѪĴͣǱ޷ѪΣͷЩ˵ȫҪ˫Ӵڲ潻棬ΪҪѪȥ磬һǼˣʵ˵ֵס𣿡
ϼһٸһסǸôˣҺΪĻ˫ӴҲôİǻԪĳģ˵ף˫Ӵ۳ư԰ǻԪס
ۻɲ˵ۣһ춼Ϊǧ׵ģ㵱Ϸ򲻰ͬİ취㣬Ӧú
ٸҷϻҪͨأҪǵıˡ
ЩˣǾɻҵĳԱ֮ԻͶ˫ӴۣҲǰʱ˵ķչˡϷҲ¸㣬ʵЩھɻҵĳԱ˫Ӵǲ潫ǵŵģ»УŲٵǿߣÿһݣЩǿߣ˫سǣֻΪʱЩһڻˡ
ʲô
ɽЩˣͲ˫س˫Ӵ۵»Уسڣҵڣ˫ӴҲûнǷų˶֪ġ
ɽ˵ʵĻ˫ӴصҲ̫˰ɣϵ˫Ѿ㹻ǿˣɽЩٹѾ㹻ǿˣ˫Ӵۻһ˫ڻ֮еĻʵֽɽǿأǸɽһεģǲ֮ģ˫Ӵ۾ûҪЩˣֻбɽǿܶ౶ǲʸ˫Ӵ۲á
ۻҲɵӣ֪ħ֮У˫ӴۣԼĴʨǱߵĴڣħȼȻΪ۷ģ֮Ϊ㾳磬Ҳ˵۷壬֮£ɻ󾳽磺ԭʼÿһ󾳽磬ַΪС磬СΪͭƽ𣬰׽ʯʹڡ
ۻ۵ľ磬Ҳ㣬ȴûеʹڵľ磬Ҳ۷ľ磬ȫֻƽɽЩȻҲ㣬ȫ磬ۻ۵ǾԱȲϵģҲСۻҪһԽɽͳͳɱʱ֮Ҳ첻˫ӴҲǸۻ۵ͬһεİɣȫƽ𾳽磬ƽľ磬׽ΣɾҪеľ绹Ҫ౶ˣ
ɽҲΣ˫ӴĵƣĵƣǱħĵǰ㣬һ֣Ǿ춯صЩڶ˫Ӵ۱ҪȽ֮ġ챻˫Ӵ۸Ƽˣ˭ܱ֤˫Ӵۻ᲻ϾͽЩƷųʱùģǵۻ۵
ۻȻһ̧ͷ۵˫Ӵ۵Ĺӵң˫ӴȻûл֣Ǳ飬ȴʮֵķŭŭֱϣѾΪɴŲϵԵĿ
ɲôȻ鶼Ѿչزֹ˫ӴۣͻֵĸֻҪǻԪ˫Ӵ۾ͻӵ޼ɵ˫ϣŸʨһսʵһӷʨӴ˵ǾǱɵġ
ۻӷȻûѪԴϵΪʨѾתܶˣձ˵ۻǳӷĶ壬۵ǳӷã˱ǰΪ֪ΪݺᰢǻԪ磬Ϊʲôڵʨİ֮£ڰǻԪ߰ӷвһЩв·ģ
ĳӷ绹ڱչأ˼ڸսأ㣬ۻ۵֪ģûзӳǧҲ޷ʹã͵ӷڵʵҪ˫Ӵۿ⣬ɾѻʯֻҪǧôǧ򣬽ħħʸ˫Ӵһս򣬳ӷ罫ԶͣľϣǿһôڰǻԪߣǲһġ
첻ΣãҪֹ˫Ӵۡ٣Ǵֶӳ֮ǰ˫ӴǱɹġ
ۻöҪҵҲû취ˡƽ𾳽磬ֻǵٱҪӲأҲȥ֧Ԯ۵
Ǿͷɡ
ۻٷϻȫһǿֱӾͽɽȫѹסˣһħҲߴħе֮ħ츳Ǵ֮ħܱɵģȴֻ֮ħʮ֮һˣ
СģȴڣԲֻӵһħ
ǻԪħȻΪߴͣɶǿ˵ͬʱӵмħǲΪģǿҲǱߣǳƣһӵħֻѰ·ۻģħ綼Ѿƽľ磬˵һħֶָСȻ˫Ӵģʨģһӵħʮ飬ǶпܽħΪһ壬γ˵ڰȫµħҲһ


2910 
˫ӹڵλã½Ϊĳ֮УħУǽǷףĹŷ࣬½һУҲ˫Ӵ۳ư԰ǻԪ磬ͳδǧ֮󣬱Ϊ˫ӳǡ
˫ӳźܶǷݣù֮ģ־ӪҲģΪⰢǻԪɸ粻ͬǿߣûκһǿŴͬһطģħҩʦбǧˮˮѰҳҪҩĽҩҰЩûбշħ޽й֮ģһִֵķʽ໥дķʽ
ںܶùУڹӶţԷÿûǮƵʱ򣬺ȥһЩ˽ύ񣬵õһı꣬νİǻԪ淽ûͨˣͨˣҲͲȥֻҪһ߳ţǱħ޹Ǳǿ֮սö֮νͨˣȻڸһʱûκħʱزˣ
ڵ˫ӳڣȫˣǱˣߣȫ˫ӹǱߣҲǵһμ˫ӴԳ֣ȴû֪ʲôӵ˴ı£Ȼ˫Ӵ۶˳
ҿȥǱ߿ְɣ˵ܵõʲôôء
֣˫ӳڴ󲿷˵뷨ȻҲкܶǲȥ鷳ģϾǿ˫ӴѽҲ˫Ӵʲô£һ˫ӹ᲻˫Ӵ۵ıŭɾͺ˵ˡ
ɱϾϲֵ˻ǱȽ϶ģ㣬һοڿ˫ӴԳ֣ǻԪĵһǿԳ֣ţİǻԪ˵˫Ӵ۾ǵһǿߣ˵ĺϷ治֪᲻һˡ
һұȽƫƧĽֵϣҲкüҵõ꣬סˣͷȽϽģסõõˣֻס£ڹӶŴӵõ˱ȥĳУסһõꡣ
˫ӴԳ֣治֪Էʲôѽ
ֱ˫Ӵۣǿ϶һֽİǻԪ˵Ͳѽ
ܶվڽֵϣھ¥ʲôطʼۣһõ¥ϵ¥֮ϣһӣȾƣȾƵٶڽҲȴһһûͣ
ιֵܣ㻹Ⱦѽ˵ȵĿ֮սˣһӿܶеڶˡ˵ܶ½ˣϢ֮󣬶˫ӳǸϹ˶ʶһ˫Ӵ۵ء
ԱߣһĻƵͷ˫ӹǱȥ
¶һмЦݣ˵Ҳǿ֮սЩˣҲ̫Сңˣ
ңӣȻһھ˵ңɼ֪˫Ӵڸ˭ġ
ңʲôû˵ѽ¥Ļʵ
ûǺģݣؾǵʮ˴֪ң
ֵܣ˵ѽûϵЩƵģֻҪǿ˸˾ˡ
ûнӵĻϣȻҲˣֻ߻ƣңĴڣ㲻𰢱ǻԪû˵ˡ
ڴ˿̣¥ŲӦǸŮˣʵͦǿģ
û뵽ڵ֮Ȼ֪ң
Ůһ֣һɫ˿£һѺɫȨȣȨϻһźɫıʯԾһħʦĴ硣
λС㣬֪ң
Ҳ֪
ŮֱӾһһֱӵԱߣˣûȥע˫ӹǱߵĴս
Ȼ֪Ϊô˵
ȻҲ֪ңһôĴڣȴ˵
ͣҲһǧѡǴ˵ģ
ⰢǻԪ磬һʮͣеʸûУֻܴҰ⣬ϽȥĹɣҪи굽һǧͣʸУڰǻԪÿһУڽǵʱ򣬶еǼǴģͲԲܽ˳ǡ
ôƲôѵһǧͣͲܴһ𡣸ղĻˣȻûַ˵˼ʱ˵Ļ˵ģȴˡǻǲƽϣǱˣ㶼֪˶ٴˡ
Ҫô룬Ǳ˵£Һθɣ
ѵ㲻𣿡

ӿЦһ˵ҺںܶǰܰҸɱˡֻϧôЩɱҵˣѾˣңȴĺúõġ£񶾵ڱĥţȴ޷¿⡣
ӵĻԵʮֵĲɣŮ˶Ϊ֮һ˵Ļôôǳӷ˵ѽȻӲܻǳӷ磡
ӣǿˡ㲢һ
һôһΡǿôΡ磬ǿҲһ졣
̫˼ˡͲ˵Ĳɣ㡣
Ů˿ʼȤˣҪ֪ӵϣ׷ʲô£ӣһйµˡ
ȴûиŮ˻ᣬһӶϣֱˡ
ѽ
Ů˸һ߳˾¥ֵϣеˣȫڹע˫ӹǱߵĴսΨӣǳߵģȥķӦҪǡ
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ŮֱסӣǰԵҶ֪ء
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ôܣһӦֵġɲҪңǸ¶
ǡ
Ȼˣʲô֣
ǲ֪ҵ֣ڣɱ֮ġ
˵ģĲκˣرʱŮˣԼΪۡĻŮ˺ܿͻûˡ
ûϼ壬ң֣еȴǵϵϵձ˵ҲǸʨۻ۵һʱģ˵ңϣֻеʨǸֵˣ
⻰ĿǳҲ٣ҲϽˣЩǿߣûֻҪҼˣٷ֮ʮܲ³ݡ㣬ȴ²
²ҸûҲܽģνǿ߶Ҷԣͬơ
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Ů˴˻һֹ̾ͣ˽Ųȴûת
ѾַֹͣӦŮ˴Ѿµ˼֡ʵղţŮҲֻһ̽ɵһ̽õ˷ӦɼڵУңǺиģŮˣҲʮֵĴ
ңˣ
Ů˵ı˷
Ҫ֪˫Ӵ۵ģңˣҲֻңˣŸȥ˫Ӵۡû뵽ԼȻң
Ҳǣ
վԭһŷӦǰߣٶȣȴ࣬ŮҲܸˡ
㲻ңˣղʵʱôǿҵķӦ
˵˲ǾͲǣ˵Ҳɱ㡣
ɱңңˣͣʵҲôҸ㣬ҽҷĵϵŶӦ֪ɣûߵġ
ûһʲôŵֻ赭дٸˣٸţİ˴ͬʱ㣬Ҫɱ㣬̽ȡ
һ䣬Ҫɱ㣬̽ȡǵʨ˵Ļ
ҷ˵仰ʵһɫףΪĵϵԼİ˴ϣȻΪģÿһﾳ磬ɶԷȴ˼򵥵һ䣬Ҫɱ㣬̽ȡ
ڣҷҲǼģûбŵֱιȥָ˵˵Ȼ֪ңҲӦ֪ô֪ġŽبûв֪ġղǾ仰˵Ѿ֪ʲôˡ
ûҷǰߡ
ҷһ̤ţһվ˵ǰһεס˵·˵ңڵʨ֮µģģ
һ䣬ָֻܿ˹ȥҷ˵κˣֻ˵ңϼ塭ң䣡


2911 ڹ˲֪
ڰǻԪûɵģȴŴСС壬ÿһʽҲͬеϲסڸԭеϲסڴ֣еϲסڶѨеһСǳΪݵأűûеݳЩ壬ҲסĵطΪС֣֮סڶѨģȻСģԳΪݵصģġȻ˫Ӵۣ˵ÿһεͳΰǻԪ磬ǧ֮󣬲ǶôӴ˳ۣԸⲻԸûϵģ۵ʵĻû취ˣ뱣סļ壬ͱҪ˳Ȼڸ˳֮Ҳ˵ڰǻԪЩ˳˫Ӵ֮˫Ӵ۲ûаǵȨƣɽǵָǣ˫Ӵ۾ͽʱŸıѣǽӼҲҧˣ˫Ӵ
壬һȽӴļ壬ԳǳΪݵأҲ˵һۼʵĻǲƽȵļģȴҲΪǻԪ鱨˫ӴرĹգֻҪ岻˫Ӵ飬¹һ㣬˫ӴҲôģӳΪŰʱ
Ҳɵӣ˫ӴҪ˭ǾͻģһԽȫ˫ӴۣҲûõļֵˣûüֵ֮£˫ӴۻǰԴ𣿴Բġ
ħа壬ͺüϣûи˫Ӵۣ˫ӴĻشҲֻֻסЩһСϰˣҪõȫϣҪһʱСô˰취ס˫Ӵ۵ģö֮˫ӴҲȥˣ
ҷĵϵں֪ܶ壬ʮǵңһЩô֪ģһˣȫ˶ֻ֪֪һݸλˣȻ֪ʨڵòҲûҷȴ֪ңһʨ֮⣬⼸ˣֻôЩͺȫŵʨһͬʧڰǻԪƵģ֮ܶŲ鵽ԭңĵۻ۵ںΪħаϵλҪ
ңʼ壬ÿһǿ̬Ľɫǵʨۣȴ۶еη壬ʹӰǻԪʧˣ˵뿪ˣµ˫ӴҪư԰ǻԪ磬ͳδǧ磬ͲǼ׵ˡ
ңϣڸ߶ȱܣֻеϵ̳˲֪ҷȻ֪ңɣһμ̳ˡ
ҷµһ죬ѾйңˣһһΡңϼҷҲʮҷȤģǵʨΪʨ̫ԣҲ˵ͲҪȥģһ˶֪ҷȤģңϼһڵʨһģ֣ʨۻ۵һеԭΪģֻңϼĵϵֻǱİˣǱңȴŽڵʨʵҲҷȤĵطҪ֪һôʵȻڵʨ
û뵽˫ӳǣǿң˫ӴۣһңΪصһһڰǻԪһûУʵȴڵʨ
ȻʵڵʨȻڵۻ۵֮ˣ˵ӦǰŶԣɵΪʲôԭ뿪ңأʵڵ뿪˵鲻Ϊʲôˣۻ۵֪ԭ򣬿Ψһһ֪ԭģֻеʨˣ
㻹ǵѽ
ҷ˷ܵı飬ҪԵˣ
ϴˡ
֮У¶һֱһģѾ֧ˣ˵ԼңˣԼ˵ԼǵϼģԼ𣿲ԼһҲ䣬Ϊңϵһֱ䣡
ͱˣķӦѾ֤ݡ˵˫ӹǱ˫Ӵսģǵۻ۵ȻҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˫Ӵۣңʵ˵˫Ӵ۴һҲ֡ȻҪ˵ֱ̫ӣǱϾ˫Ӵۣۻ۵ħаϵλҲܻᶷĹ˫Ӵ۵ģʱ㲻ȥǣҪ뿪˫ӳǣ㲻̫𣿡
Ҳûж룬ֱ˵ǲҪҰ
Ȼû˵Ȼǵڹ֪ʵɾءʨ֮£ǻԪһĳǿˣžԵ˫Ӵһս
ҷҲ֪ԲУǱֵ̫ˣֱһס˵˵ߣһȥսҲóְˡ
ſ
ıһ䣬һɳɱ⣬ֱҷϡ
ҷоȫ飬ʱ֮䣬ɫ԰
㡭
ҷɫҲȻļΪ԰ףصĿ֣óһײԼ죬ǿײѪɫ

ǹɱʱʧҷҲſҷȴѾ֪ղŵĿԣǴѪİײ֤ˡ
ʲô˾Ȼ㣬˳
ҷʵ벻ͨǻԪ磬ܽ˳ģûУ˫ӴһսҲڽ˳ѽ
ңҷϸ۲죬۲ɫ֣ˣԲеģӦѾܾˣΪ̫ǿǿѹסˣˣͲ֪˶ٴˣ
ѵǡʨ
ҷֱԼ˵Ļôܻǵʨأǲֵ𣬵ʨôܻԼֵص֣ǵʨĻҷʵ벻н˳ʵˣ
µ³Ҫ塣ȰûԶ㡣
ʱҷ治Ҷˣң飬Ҳȥʵġ
ɾʱ֮УͻȻһĴǵص˫ӹǱϯ
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ҷҪԶȥȴˣˣʵڣеۻɽǵսܻԵκӰġ
漴˫ӹϿյѪ򣬾Ȼ۵ƶۻ߿˫Ӵۼ״Ҳ׷ɱ۵ƶѪ򣬵ǽѪ͸жˣʱ˫ӴۣѾɱղжѪͣû۵ģȻѪѾжˣ˫ӴҲҪٶʲôɱ˵ۻ۵˵


2912 
˫Ӵڿ˵һǻŭۿǻԪҪˣʱԼ˫ܽϣԼɱ磬ҲãֻҪܽ۵סһСᣬԼɱӷ磬ǧõͳδǧ硣
û뵽һ䣬γɵѪ򣬾Ȼ۵ƶˣƫԭڵλãѪĴֹͣ
һ̣˫Ӵ۵鲻֪жิӣȴôãò׵˽죬ȴ۵ƻԼĺ£ϻ㵱ǲèˣңһʨǿûⲢңÿһ˶ǵʨ첻øɱ˫Ӵǰ׵ˡ
˫Ӵ۱ŭһͬУһƿʼۼƯڰеİǻԪ磬˿̣Ȼ֮һ
ĳУɽȫʼѺۣ˫Ӵ۵ԣҶɽǱߺȫס֡
ȫס֣ãɱһ˴
ɽٹ٣˫Ӵ۵ıŭ֪˫ӴʱѾӣҪ׽óĨɱˡ
Ȼȫƽľ磬ڰǻԪߵ˫ӴۣȻֻǰ壬ȴҲʯľ磬˫ϣǱʹڵľ磬ɴ˿ɼʯʹ֮ľŶôңԶ
ۻо˫Ӵǿҵɱ⣬˶Ϊ֮һȫķȫͷ˳Χ˵۵
ͬʱ˫ӴڵħʱγһҵĹֱӾͳ۵ؿڳ˹ȥ
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ۻֱϣȻѾΪǿķס˵۵ȷԽ˫ӴеĹȫֵ
ۻһħף˫֮Уһƽƣƽƽһγһ޴ޱȵĻƽƣͬһƽǽڰ㣬۵ǰʱ˫Ӵ۵ĹҲѾ
¡һ˫Ӵ۵Ĺȫ˵ۻĻƽϣ˫Ӵ۵ʵ̫ǿǵۻĶƷٱ̬û̫ã
ƽƱը˸飬ȫ߽⣬ۻ۵ͬʱȥö˵ɫҲһĲ԰ס
ǿ˫Ӵۡ
ۻķȻ˫Ӵ۸߽ˣԼ۵ûˡ
磬㽫Ѫߣֵ
Сʵ̫ǿѾӵʯľ磬ǲĶ֡ϽѪߣѪˣס
ôϻˣ˵ˡ
ȷѾˣȻ˫ӴѾɱۻ۵ҪѪתƵطȥȫܵġ
ɡ
˫ӴҲܲ˳ǱߵķӦˣɱ˵ңǿ߸ԼպĴҵҲģ谭ŵԳ۵ʱ򣬻ӵɡ
۵ȻһѾ˫Ӵ۵ǰһħݺᣬΧħ֣ħڣĹͬһʱ乥˫Ӵۡͬʱ۵һƿħҩʹ̼ʮ֮ࡣ
ħʿħʦڱ۵ǰͬϡˣۣΪǿĴڡ
˫Ӵ˫һţͷϣһֻ޴˫ͷЫӳֻ֣˫ͷЫӣ˫Ӵ۽ϣ˫ӴϳһħףһֻЫβֱӳ۵˦˹ȥ
顭
ЫβֱӴ˵۵βϵĶ̣صĴ̽˵۵ı۵оһľʹʲôŰ㣬һҲˡ
ۻ۵ѾˣҪȥ۵£۵ɱѪҪĶ࣬ðǻԪΣԼҲδؾͻ䣬۵ˣԼôһãҲûеڶˡ
磬ߡ
СҲܶһˡ
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춼ҪңϣⰢǻԪ磬Ѿûˡ
˫Ӵ۽ҪԸۻˣţ۵ԼЫӶǲô̵ʱڶԼκвģʧȥеսֻʣһۻˡ
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˫ӴۣսȻöب۵һˡ
֮⣬˵۱ˣ
ѵ𣿡
Ūɣ۸ӷСǿĪҲСӱۡս֮УֻҪսʤˣκֶΣʩչֻĿģֶΡ
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ңûˣңûˣ
仰ڵԺвͣĻصţңûԼڣң
ι˵㵽׻ǲǵϳԱĶ㶼ûˣȻ
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ڣ
һߺȫˣˣе˫ӴۣڣҲȫˡ
ʲô

ȫκһ˷ӦһʲôǵҷǴ󺰵ģڴˡ
ҲһѾͷΪ˭ˣƾʲôԼţ
Ѿ㺰ˣôͿԼˡӡ£ȴ֪֣òòóʣˣ飬޹ء
䣬ҷֱӷһߴĽϣķӦ
ϵһ¾۴°ڽɽ᲻ְǻԪ磬Ϳľˣ
֮Уۻһ۶˵ĵ۵˫Ӵֿã¶еҡ
Ȼڣ
ãղǲ˺ĵ֣ܵ
񡭡
۵ޱ䣬ǸԭѾʧԼеˣ˫ӳǣܣ粻˵ѾôܻͻȻ
ĵȴ˫ۺᣬ˿ۻĬĬĿ˵۵˫΢΢һĬĬôȥˣ㣬Ļ𣡡
۵ڿҲ·оһԭΪԼУʧĸоԭ͸ʧĸоȴԽԽǿˣ
һûţ˫ӳڡ
쵰ûϸҹ
۵ŭǿűµģ·һ̣õ˽⣬ָ߸߾ٹͷһȦֻȦ֮ڣһ䵶֡

磬֮䣬ɱݺᣬ˫Ӵ۵ۼƣͳͳɢ
˭˵ҵˣضն֮


2913 Ŀ
ǻԪ綼һǿɱǻԪ磡Ҫ֪ǻԪǶôӴ󣬱磬Ҫɵһһʣ֮ۼǿɱ֪һôĳ̶ȡ
ңϼ壬ûκĴڣеģֻνΪɱһζɱǵϼĵһ۵ʥҲ֮󣬵ǵϼĵϵȴӵŵϼĵһôڵĵϼ֮УǵϵǺεȵݸλأΪʲô뿪ĵϼ壬ǱʲôˣΪʲôܵˣһУŵϼһһ֪
˫Ӵ۱ǿɱΧţʱ޷Ե۵ۻɱ֣оǿɱһСģ˫ӴۣҲҪùġ
ϵ·׵ļΪѩףǶѩȾ׵ģֳϣֱӽ˫Ӵ֮ԶΪһž޴ѩѩޱȣ֮УٵתҲѩת˫ӳǣ˶ëѩ
ۻı飬𽥵ת۵ı飬ȴû˿ı仯žΥǸѩȴŭĸо۵˵ζ
¹ȥˣ۵ԼѾˣɵָоٴγʱ˫ȴ֣ͷ·죬ֻ֮䣬һֻ޴֣Ӳǽָ˿
ˣ˵۵һ˵Ļǽܣ˵ǽܵĻ˫֮Ů֮飬ֶ֮顣
ûһβ֮һβˣõĲ֮ΪǶβ֮Żᵼңϼʣ⼸ˡѵŭǰ㣬ңϣһʼһഫ뵱꣬Э۴°ڽɽĵϣ֮ңϣǶǿ׳ǿҲη򣬰Ҳȵĵϵˡ
˵ʨһңϼ仯ˣǳڵϼľ䣬ʼٸߣǵ
˵ʵڵ뿪ϼ飬ۻ۵ǺȴԼܲ뵽ʲôֻΪ޷϶۵Ϊǲε뿪ô۵Եĺ⣬ΪǸǹ˵Ƿݰ⣬ٴμ飬۵֪ǰڣԼûǹ
뿪ϼ󲻵꣬ʹѶǸʱĵ۵ﲻ֪ʲôζܳ˵۵Լ֮⣬Ҳûκˣ֪ʹζ
㣿
۵еľצѾ£ƮƮѩϣ˲仯Ϊһǽҩˮ۵ϵĶˡ
ѩѾֹͣתĳ˵۵ۻǰ˫ӴҲĿŵϼǸӣ˫ӴҲֻŰˣһֱ˫Ӵ۶̫ţڵϼУһʨ֮⣬һڵʨ֮µû뵽죬ﻹͳˣǴŵϼĵһֵġ
һ֣ܴǿǿɱɼʵǿһôĵز
ʯ
˫ӴۿŵеϼĵһչֳʵȻʯ𣬶ңгʹڵԤףһ̫ǿˣڣҪɱۻ۵ǲܵ顣
Ŀ˵۵һۣ˫֮УִŨŨǸ⣬һ˶һ˵ĿǷ̫࣬ǿԷʱȻḡֳһΣһַΣûκζȥֲģҲֲˡ
ǷģˣҲǼģԸĻģھͿߣ֮ǰǲκ˺ģ˫Ӵڡ
ǵ뷨뷨һԣֻԵ۵һԡ
۵ŵЩ԰׵ɫ֪Ǵ˵ģʱ仹ǳˣҷĳˣ۵ôܻῴ
ˡ
۵ѯʣô£Ϊߵ۵֪ǰڣûκˣܽ˳ѽ˶ûУ
һ£һˣ˵ˣɱ˵ǡ
۵ţǸ˽˳ģ
磡ѵ𣿡
۵˫пʼˮĴʨ˳ģôʨΪʲôҪΪԼ֮ĹϵʨҲֲѽǣϼ嵱ǳ䣬Ǹйصģ
ϼ巢ǳʱ򣬸պõۻ۵ڼ壬ǻصңʱһжѾ޷ˣڵʱʨУңϽ˵ҲΪ˵ۻ۵еһ̣Ϊǳ䣬ңϼ㳲Ҫֹ˫Ӵۣʲô£
û䣬ʵңϣΪǳûģºһﶼûУرڵʨ뿪ǻԪ֮˾Ѿ֣ңΪһտӣһ˶ûˣ
˵ϣңϣͬʱ˫ӳǣһһֳֵϵһֵģǵİۣη壬һѪɱ¾ʣؾһܵУ


2914 һĨɱ
ҷһߴĽϣһ֧ëʸһСӣ̧ͷյʱëСѾͣдʲôˡ
û뵽ĺ¾ȻҸˡεļ¼ȥ֮һܻòٺôġ
ȷȷǷǳõңϵãȻ⻹ʮ壬˫Ӵչսսνѵһѽħа֮ûнļңİٷ֮һҶûУ
˵еңϼ壬ս˫ӴۣӦ˵Ƕս˫˫Ӵ۲֪ڸʲôǱ۵ƶѪôһ£Ͼ˫س֮⣬ǻԪˣͲ֪˫Ӵ֮⣬һλ֮УֳһλʨӴۣ
ǧҪʧѽһһҪչ䵱磬Ǵ˫ӴĻУ͵˫Ӵ۵һѱ
ҷйģҪۿŵ˫ӴۣȻһж¼պΪԼ˫Ӵ̸֮г롣ȴûǸ֣֮ʣڽ󣬲˭ʤ˭ܣֻҪʨӴ۲֣˫ӴǴǧףǵǿȫ˫Ӵ۵ģڴǧ֮У˫Ӵ۵ģҲֻг۸ӷʨӴ۰ˣһˣֻҪʵǿͿһ۵Ļǻָʮ۸ʲôһǿͿͳδǧ
˫Ѿӵ۵ϣת˫Ӵۣڲȥ࿴۵һۣеΣõȫ޷ƽ̬ȥԸ˫ӴۣŵϵһҲк³ġ
ۻȴ˹˵㡣û
磡
۵ס˵ۻõۻǰһ˫Ӵ۵ʵ۵Ѿ̹ˣۻʱȥĻɾȥġ
ã⵽ôһ£統겻˵Ѿ𣿡
۵û˵ֱѾ˵ۻ㲻֪ҸӲ֪ΪʲôҪ˵ˣֻдԼ֪
ֳԲԶ˫Ӵۣ˼ɫǰĲ԰ףκһ֪˵ġ
㣬ңϵĵ
˫Ӵʵ
㣬ǵʮһεۣ˫ӣ
ʵ
ǡ
۵ķϣȥҲƽղ˵Ļ
ղ˵Ļ
˫Ӵһ룬ͻعһЦǵˣѵΪһܳ۾ͻΪǵԼѾǸ֮ˣôصˣӵϵһܷӵĳ
ȷʵΪԭ谭ԼķӵĻǲܷӵĳأ
Լ״ʮܵˣùǾԲܵġЩԼǿƸѹԼ֪ԼΪʲôҪѹסƣȥǲһֽˣΪʲôеǷǣҰˣҲϼһڼϼ˺ԼУ˵ܣΪҷĹϵԵۻ۵ûС
һûоˣͲžԵս⣬ǿĵˣ޷Ƿս⣬ôĺǺԵġ
ǽ֮˵ķϣҲΪ㡣ۿɷһ·
˫Ӵ۶ڵϵһҲʮָȤģۣ˰ڽɽ״Ŷôǿ˫ӴҲ֪
ڵϼ壬ҪĻֻһ취Ǿǽϼ𡣵ҿ˫ӴۣûǸɡ
Сۣǵϼ壬һһѽ
ⲻţʵûĻӦ˫֮ɣڣȴֻһ㣬һأ
˫Ӵɫһ䣬Լ˫֮Ǽ֪ģ˵ˣһһ۾ͿĳԼ˫֮壬йţġ
ֻҪ˫Ӵ۷룬ڵֻʯѣʣۣôʹڶûⲻѾ˵ʲô𡣼˫˫ӣ֣Լ˵ʵڵͽڵʨῴ
۹ⲻ֪߱Ѿңϼ壬ȻѾˣΪʲô컹Ҫ£ϼθɣԸ뱾۵˫ĻǱۿԱ֤ƺˣϵȨƣȱ磬ֳĵʨδĶ֡
˫ӴҲ֪緽棬۾һΪѲĽɫҵһʵ۵ԼֵĻγ۲

̲סЦһе΢΢һһǿҵĵֱӳ˫Ӵ˹ȥ
κεķϻж֤һˣҲ˫ӴԼ
ûҵȷѾ˵ϼ壬ΪҲΪϼһԱڵϼ壬ȣȴ£ңԸϼ壬սҵĵߡ˫Ӵۣұ㶯֣ɼȻѾҵĵߣǽ죬
ʶʱ㲻á
ԵвģһĨɱ
Щ۵ۻһֱڰĨɱһЩ˫Ӵ۵˭֪Щʲô
ڰǻԪ磬֪ϼѾԽԽˣʵйģǵ
Ϊֻ֪Ҫ֪ǲΪȫģңͬ裬ȴκˣȥң⣬Ͼǵϼĵ̣Ҳڵ֮ǰΨһΪϼһɣ


2915 ܣ
ʵɱˣͲǵרȻ֣¾£˭뵽ĵһôСѽ϶᲻ȥģңʱ򣬶ҲʮֺΪϼĹӣ㲻ǵϵҲΪΪ˺ңͬ츳ߣǱ󣬵ϵμ壬Ҳǵʨĸ׷ǳӣҵʨйһĽ̸õʨ뾡һа취սɱ⣬򣬾ǱٴҲûõġ
Ǹʱ򣬵ʨѵ˵ϼĶ޳ǻԪħɽУǣܵʨôڵʱûнսɱʹĵʨʱǿգ뾡һа취þһֶΣ޷󣬵ʨǷˣϼ壬Ҫٶһ첻ܼսɱ⣬ͼһδһΣǸʱĵǻıԵöԼļ˶֣ÿһֲΥʨʱĵϼ壬˵ǽһֻΪսɱϷϷĹɵʨģûκ˸ȥƻⳡϷĹ
ҲǸʱ򣬵۵ǳģ㣬СĽ֮飬Ӳ仹ˣ۵Ƣãأö֮ϼ壬ûȥܵˣΨ۵һˣΪ˵ġʦ̵ôȥսôȥɱˣֻӣҲѵ۵ѪüζҪȴʨȰ˵סˣ
ʨõ۵еľȫڵϣɵ۵ȴüθʨͻ״磬Ҫʨƴڵĵϼ֮Уң֮У۵һƴŮĳƺš
ǵʨ̫飬ֻΪʨڵѾ˵Ե۵ְĽ֮飬ҲҪѵ۵ȻΪãȴûѪԴϵǵʨһְŵԵŲڵϼ壬磬˸֮ġ
ֻϧʨ뷨ϼμ뷨ȫ෴ģʨԼ뷨߸׵ʱ򣬵ϼμǼԣĵʨҲΪѣҲû뵽Լõ۵̵ʹĵ۵ԵҲվ飬˾Ƶ͵ܳңĻᡣ
һΣ۵һҾƹ˵Ц֮ҲûκεڣµʱǵĳŮָָģ˵˺ܶĻǶԵ۵裬һŭ֮£ͽŮնɱˣǵһɱˣΪ˵۵ɱˡ
ɱˣڵϼ˵Ͳʲô£Ǹʱ½Ҳû˫Ӵ۵ĴڣǰľɻңɢʧһһŮֲҶңʦֱӸ浽˵ǱߣɳسҪȥץ֡
ԭ˵ҪȥңϼץˣɾȥģǻԪ磬˭ǵеĹңģΪʱңûκεҰģǻѾңƷˡ
ΪʱĻ˽⵽۵֮ĹϵŮΪʲôģͳΪ˻ҵĵֱ˵ϼμ˵ˣĵϼμŭֱӾͽϼ壬Ҳǵ뿪ϼԭڵ֮飬ϼǳ䣬ˣһκˣȲ˵
˫ӴԵһϵһ˫ӴۿɲСӣ˫Ӵۣʯľ磬ľͬģΪȴѾгʹڵԤˣɴʵ΢Ȱ˫ӴҪһ㡣
۵ۻѾվһ𣬻δֹͣµĴѩѩˮѾ۵˫Ӵ۵ЫӶÿĳ֣оȫһģһȴͬģû֣ѵ죬ǵϵ
Դӵϼǳ֮󣬼Ϻʨ뿪ǻԪ֮ңϼ壬ֻʣµۻ۵ˣΪ޷˫ԿԲŻữںڰв˫Ӵ۵һЩġ
񣬵ֳ֣ۻҪȵ۵ӵ˷ܣϾһΪϼ壬һֻΪ˸˵㺣
˫ӴۣĵֳҵϼһְǻԪ磬Ҫùˡ
ۻûǵϼ֮ھɻ飬ôǿߣȴֵסһɱɻǾɻʶвУȻ֪֮䣬Ϣϼǳ䣬ۻ֪ո˵ʵ˵ĵܵʵǽڴʨ֮µġ굱ʨ˵һ죬ҵʨˣǵңϼĶ
˫Ӵ۾ǲС˵Ҳ嵱ŵϵһѵ˫Ӵ۾Ǵ
ৡ
ĵ쳹˫ӳǣ˫Ӵ۵УѺɫ䵶󣬳һźɫı˫Ӵ۵ıÿһ۶űؼȻɵģѺɫɺ䵶˫Ӵ۵ıȻеһƴ
Ϊ͵µһ𣿱ˣۣÿһۣŸԵһ
Ρ
ָ˫Ӵۣ˵İۣͬǵһεۣɲҪҵ棬еܴ°ڽɽ𡣡
̫Ϊˣ壬Ҳ޷ȫӳ֮£ǶԱġһսͽԶӴǧʧϵһҲΪá
ѵԲѣЩν۵ĴԴûǧͳΣһܣЩۣҲ֪
ܣ
ʲôܣ
˵˫Ӵ⻰жǲɵһĻ˵˫Ӵۺϣ˵ģͲò˫Ӵˡ
ʲôܣ
һۣǧܣ
ңʲôܣ㲻
ߣ˫ӴۣԭǸ֮ˡ֮ԵڶһΪİŮˡ
תͷһ۵۵˵Ϊ˵һˣܸܿϧҪȵˣ㡣


2916 ƴ
νܣǲΪ֪ģ˵ܣȴһۣǧܣֽʲôأ
Ϊ۵˫ӴۣǴһֺȻ֪˵ĵʲôܣɼȻԷ˵˫ӴҲһ취ûУȴҲʹ˷
˵˵۲ۣ۶֪飬ô֪
Ҳ˵νۣ̫ΪˡҲ룬ʮۣôģôģǧôġʮ۳֮ǰʲôˣԤԳۣѵΪƬ֮ΪǾ̫ˡ
˵ЩԼ˵ĳˣȻˡûڰǻԪ磬û֪ʲôʱʮ۵Ĵ˵Ҳû֪ǴʲôʱʼֵģӲҪ˵Ǵǧˡѵ֮䣬һɺϲɣǧƬؼģʮۣȴû֮ǰѾԵˡ
Ϊ˫Ӵۣȴֻǵ֮壬ȴûûдǧû˵Щ£ǺġȴԸ㣬ǧ򣬸ͲƬؼ䵮ģĳˣƳġ
˻һԼ˵һģֻ˫ӴֱǺ˵˵Ϊ˫Ӵۣʮ۵Ȼ֪ı˭࣬˫ӴΪġڵȫմߵˣ˵Ļ˫ӴšֻǳӷδʨӴ˵ڵģ˫Ӵ۶ٻһˣ˫ӴֲɵӣôĻţôĻţֱĳ
û˫Ӵ۵ȷͬܵģ˵Ƴģ˫Ӵ۾ԲţΪǧ磬ôĴڡ
ûٶ˵ʲôûи˫Ӵٷϻʲôȴ˵ֻ֪ӰۿʼһһʱڣѾʱˡ˭֪ڰ֮ǰⰢǻԪ֮ϣѾڹˣһ󲻵ʱһ󲻵Ǹ֮Уִһ˿սʤҲǸƳ
һ֮ǰʱǸ֮УһڰǻԪ磬һӵеǿƣ˵еǸƳġЩô֪أҪȵģʲôء
ʨӴۣ֮ԻڣΪҲΪ޷¸֮Ƕ飬Ҫȵˣ㡣Ҳҵʹɣһ޷ɣͲȥʹҲΪҵ֪ʹŻᵼµϼûģҲΪʹŻҪɱҵģΪֵĹϵ󣬴绹һ֮ΣŹҡֻȵĵ֪㣬ҵʹҲˡ
ȴû˵
ԽµĶɵǸǸƳǾסԼУ޷ߣ޷ӡҲҪȵһ֮⣬ǵ˵ܣһۣǧܡҲ˵ۣǧɣ
ǣֻȳӷ絽Ҹ߳ӷۣǧɣܵЩʹ࣬ǲ̫˵㣬ȴʱ䣬Ҳ̫˵㡣ţڵ˵ܣʹУűĶ飬գ֮ǰǸǸйأֻǲ֪ǸǷ񻹴ڣǸﵽǵлѡֵʲôݡ˵ǵϼӣĳʲô
˫ӴѾͲסˣϼˣһҪǲʱʨӷǾ˫Ӵ۵ĩˡ
ٷϻɡ
˫Ӵֳ䵶ֱӾͳ˹ȥΪǿҪɱ
ǿ֮սһ˫ӴͲҪûûҹĴսʱ˵Ҳκε壬һ֮䣬ͿԷֳʤˡ
е˫ӴۻδԼ֮ǰѾɢ⣬ؼеɱȫۼ֮ϣһӣչֳޱǿ޵еĴڣһ˫Ӵ۶δħħʮֵĹϣڰǻԪ磬ҲδֹȻǹϣȻǰڹģ˫Ӵȫĵϸִ˵壬ȻʩչǿͭɫħâֱӾ˫Ӵ۵ϣ˫ӴϵħףһѺۣ˫Ӵۣǵۻ۵ޱȵľȡ
ôܣĵܾǿҲǿ˱̬ĵزɡֻʯľ磬ȴʹڵ
ۻ˵ûʹڵͲǵӵеѽǻԪ磬ʹڣҲֻۣʨӵУôܻʯľ磬ʹڵʵأ
˫Ӵ۸ͷͬʱһɫʯʮֵľ޴˫֮䣬໥šܿ죬ǿʯȴɲ֮䣬һʹڣһ仯˫ӴΪ֮һȫĹͷǵ
ʹڣⲻܣ
˫Ӵۣ죬ˣҪȥ
ǲ볹׽˫Ӵ۸ĨɱΪ֪˫Ӵ˫֮壬˫֮岢ûнϣһ˫Ӵۻǿƾһ帴ģԣɱ˫Ӵۣһ嶼ûУᷴ˫Ӵ۳׼ŭ¸˫֮ǰϣǶڳӷʨӴۣɾͲʲôˣ
˫ӴѾȫѹסˣҲܣΪѾӽʹˣȴûȫɹڱʹǵΪۣȻǹϵħǴӵϼѧħһӵеħܣڵϼһμ忴ŵΪֹħԵʰɣʨ겻ɱǴֵܵĸ֮⣬ҲΪħԭ
Ҳô꣬ʨѾ֪˵ݸڵֹħҲ˽ˣǸ֮ǰǸҲһֱ׷飬ڱԼԳӷ˵Ƿ֮󣬵ʨ۾ж˱һصĿ飡
Ȼʱһ˵ˣԼ˵Щ£ǵʨҲ˽⣬Ҫ֪͵Ĵӵϼ֣һ˵Ĵӵϼ֣ڿָģǵˣ
˫ӴۣٸһλᡣȥֹͣѪĴͣҷһ
ʵҲ֪ȥԼ壬Ҫٴηӳ˰˫ӴۣԼҲ·һԼʹû֮ǰûӷ֮ǰԼǾԲģ
˫ӴҲɵѽȥԼļƻҪӳˣŵҲֹֻԼһΣһΣ˵Ǿֹ˵ġ
úǰ˫Ӵۺ˽⡣
ãͿϣֹͣͣŵۻ۵һҲ㣬壬Ǿ޷ֹ۵ڶεģȱ۽ĵָ֮󣬻ڶδѪҲ˵ʱֹˣǻԪӣעģֻǸʱˡ
˵ֻҪֹһΣѾ㹻ˡһΣ㽫ǻԪӣҲ˿ԶԸġʮ֮УʨӴۣۡ


2917 ᣡ
ѾɢȥеҲѾֹͣǿ⣬һĹ϶صħΪǳء
˫ӴʱȥɽˣҲȫˣѪ򣬱˫Ӵ۵Żص˫ӹϷֻڵ˫ӴѾܼѪȥˣۻ۵ʱҲûʱȥѪΪѾѪУֱӵȥЩħǳڰƵģþòɢ
ĵܡ

ۻ۵ȥۻһѾͽã£ٴؾʱû뵽Σ
ڵϣǵ֮ǰҷֵĽֵΧǣȫȥЦ㲻֪ʲôˣɼȻܻ˫Ӵ۵ԼЩСɫǵô
ѾһϢȴ΢Цŵۻ۵˵Բ𣬶磬㣬̫ûˣ
ĵܣĺܺãҲѾˡ
ҡ
Ҫ˵ϴȥˡ
ۻٶ˵䣬ϵ̫ˣһ̶в
۵˫ۺᣬŵ˵Ҳ㺣ģǱǧаʹ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ֣Ϊʲôôص˳֡Ϊ˾ԼͲϼˣʯľ磬ӳʹڵʵҪʹ࣬ǲΪ֪ġ
㣬ֻΪ˾Լ
ѾԹȥĵղŸ˫Ӵ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ʮǸʲôܣȴǸˣѵʨӴ
˵ĵϣѾ߱ϦյֹˣǻԪ磬֪ϼˣ֮ٵģ˫Ӵ۵һսڣҸʲôطء
˭ǵʲôˣȻ˫Ӵ۶ˡ
ѽټİǻԪ磬Ŵ˵ʵģͲӦôѽ½ҲδŹд˵ѽ
˵Ǹߴˣħʿаϵ𡣡
ʲôԪ𣿡
ûǸŮˣħʦаϵĺں
ţɡȻںѹǿˡ
⣬һ˵ʮǰ˫ӴһҪʮ壬û뵽Ѿ˳ˡ
ʮ壿۵ļѽˣʲô
˵ңˣǵϼĳԱ
ң֪ǰȥǸطȴǿһ˵ģͬеһͨˡʲôϼ壬Ҳû
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ҷͱϾڰǻԪ粻ûõ鷳ͬʱ˫ӴǱһ֪ڰϼţȻ鷳ģ
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⼸仰ǻԶԶġ
ħаϵλһأǸ˫Ӵ۵ģ˭
˵ңϼģֵǰѵΪǵϼĵһϼ棬ƾһǿħǰ۴°ڽɽġ
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ʲôʦǸһоɱħʦаŴħʦĿʦںܶǰѾʧ𣿡
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ֵܣ⻰˵˰ɡңϼǿ󣬿˫Ӵ۱Ͼѽֻ˵ģû˵սġ
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֮ǰڰǻԪ磬ûκǵʮλʨӴۣȻ˵ˣֳңϼ壬еʨѵʨӴۣʨһ𣬼ٰǻԪϼãһʨӴۣ˫Ӵ۵ĵλҪˡ
ҷѾҪˣ˫ӳǣܾⱻץԼİѱԼ鷳Ǿڵ֮뿪˫ӳǡ
ͬʱ˫ӳһߴĽϣվʮŮˣÿһŮˣǵòȴҲӢ쪣ˣһħǿޱȡ
վǰŮˣ˫ӳǵĳ⣬Ǳۻŵˣ˵ңϼģһ˼ˣֻϧ˫Ӵۣעۻ۵к³ġ
վΪŮһɫ˿µŮʵ᳤Ҫ𣿡
кβɣ
ңϼǿǿǶʶˡ˫ӴۣҲǸˣȥɱǵĻǡ
ˣҸ㣬ǿᣬûģֻҪǽӵ񣬾ҪȥִС
ǻ᳤ǲûнӵ˫Ӵ۵İɱѽ
ʲô£Ҫ˫ӴĻǻҪ᳤ʲôȥ֪ͨнã׷ɱãʲôˣֻҪͷ
Ů˼Ϊ׵Ů˷ƢˣҲû˸˵ʲôȫʧԭء
Ϊ׵Ů˫۾ɱ⣬ȫǿħ֮⣬һǵصɱ
Ҫɱˣبǿߣһһֻ̤˹Źء


2918 ʮ꣡
ģѾȫ룬ΪֹħѪǻԪ磬οǻȥˣʵͳͳ˳˵ȥԸħ
ħ˵ڣҲûʱȥĿеЩϣֻϽѪֻҪѪһɣǻԪͽ磬ǸʱԼ˫ϣɱ𵺣ɱӷˡ
ǣħʱǰǻԪһ͹ѪͻȻֹͣѪҲͬһʱ佥ʧĸѪħĸѪɫ磬ħǰʧˡ
ħ˫񶼲֪ôĴݣţڰǻԪǱߣȻֹסԼʹѪֹͣңħоԼؿһľʹΪǻԪǱߵԼһսҲߵħ˷ǳصˣԳ˵ħһѪ˳
ʲô£
Ƶ˱ΪĴȥĻǾͽӭǻԪǿߣ˫Ӵۡû뵽ؼʱ̣ԼҪƴֹѪʱ̣ħѪǻԪǱ͹ѪȻԶֹͣ
ħڵӣ˵ģҪǰӷһսܵҪصĶ࣬˵Լ߸ûشħѽôһ£ѵǰǻԪǱߵ˫Ӵ۳
ǻԪһУħԼ֮⣬ڱ𵺵ĳ۸һа֮⣬ǲ֪ģ˿̵ħȴǷ˿㣬ȴԾõļƻۿҪɹˣӷʨӴۣҲۿɱˣϣǻԪ緽棬ͻȻɱңϼãԼļƻʧܡ
ԭ£
ǰǻԪǱߵԼǵûۣǵûۣߵԼˣҲԽ˸
ǳԴλķûгӷ֮£ҲͱˣȻ޷ѪȻ˵ѾȫˣǾȽ˸ɡ
ħ֮ںڣ
ħһŭֻе˷ĺɫ˹ħʱ֮䣬ȫۼǷħдħҲѾ֮ǰУа˳ȫվħҡ
ħͷŵѾ֣ĵɱˣڽ졣
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죬һҲܡɱ֮
ħһ£֪ǰԼ˷񣬿ڣֵħˡ
ҪħӲڲǵĶ֡ϳ룬뾡һа취롣
ܣܡ
ħŵԶ֣ԼأҪ˵Ⱥˣûʲôġ
˫ӴۣǻԪǱߵѾʧˣߣ㻹Ρ
ʱƺħΪ˫Ӵ۵ģԲǳˡ
ּе˷ɫ⳯˸ħ߳ǿħƬȫסˡ
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λħħǶԸϳ롣
дһӣԵ棬οǳµһŽȳ˵ģһ˵ĻһˣԣܽħǷˣ߶ˣħŵһ֧ǰҲ˵˳˷ֺ
ǻԪǱ߳һû뵽۾ȻὫĽȫ˳ӦǵһӰǻԪİɣ˴ħԲġ
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ħֲɵӣԼڵˣ˵һǽӦ
ӣʧˣ˱󣬻ʧˡ
ħѽԲľʹʧܵģ£Ҳʲô
ãˣиͻȻ֡һεʧܣۻʹ˰ݣѪһٴοģǻԪһήģǸʱ򣬱˫ϣǳӷ磬ǳۣǵ۶ġ
䣬ħҲϻħ壬ֱתˡ
̾˿ڽûж֣һħ͵սǽᵼ¸벻鷢ǻԪǱߵ˫ӴۣҲһṷǽġ
ӣֺܶԤϲ˷棬Ҫ࿴ŵѽ
ңû˵ֻ˳ȥķʱ䣬һǿҲһʵǿͬʱҲԵκһ
ʱ䣬Ϊпģʱţܶ£ܶˣᷢ츲صĸı䣬ıҲԼˣҲǵˣʱὫƸıʲôһ㲻䣬ǣԶǡ
գأ綼ʱŷŸָı仯䣬ȥתۼ䣬ǵ߸ͷȥˡ
ǰ꣬꣬һʮʱ䣬ȥˡ
ʮ꣬磬ǰǻԪ磬ڷŷ츲صĸı䣬Ҳ˫Ӵ˵ǰ㣬ֹһΣȴ޷ֹڶΣֱʮʱ䣬ѪٴһΣûֹħֹ˫Ӵˡ
¡һݣǻԪ磬ڽˣ


2919 أ
ӷһ̤صʱζΧޣҰޣӰɱͬһʱ䳯ӷɻûӷֻڳӷǰһѪɫħħڣͬһ֮䣬ͽص谭ȫһɶˡ
ħˣҪȵˣҪۼ𣿳˾츳֮⣬츳ѾȫתΪħ
ӷɫûκεı飬ӷ綼֪˶ʱ䣬ϵ·ãźܶ˺ۣȴûһˣɼǰӷǶôĲף˶ôҵսԼĹٵĹŻ磬߲ʽʥ޼һعӷˣڣҪ֮׵Ĳ񷶦ҲΪ˽ӷһ
ڣǰ漸ս֮УӷѾõȫתΪħ񷶦Լ˽⣬Լոתħȴǲ񷶦֪ģҲ˵УӷܿģΨһսʤ񷶦ģ⼸תħˡ
ڰǻԪľǿ˵˫ӴۣǵϼãһӵжֵħǺģˣҪһ֮öħɾģʮ֮жûгֹ˼ΪһħĹϵʮֵʹ࣬ľҪóӷ磬Ҳһ취Ƽʹ࣬ƵĽΣľܾģԳǵʵ˵ܽħڳҪǺѵġ
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أڳӷԣҲֻսؿˣϵƣͲϣƣڶսĳӷ˵ҧûзֱģûʱ˰ˣ
飬һУӷһ㶼֪֮ڣûκʱģѾʮʱ䣬ڳӷԣͺŹô죬ⲻ֪ԼŮѾΪһŮǻԪ磬ҲѾ磬ۣʼ˳ս׼˫Ӵ۵˫֮壬ϣ˫Ĵǧս
ҪزصģѾˣɡ
ӷ絥һ̤أٴλζΪһڼԼأɱ𵺵֧ûʱȥܱߵˣ˴Բȥ赲ġ
ڵڶǱߣǧֹڿŰڣϵĴǧδɢȥӷ绹žۼ֮ԲԼĿأ
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ӷۿȥֻһͷ׷ߣԼߣȫɢǿҵһǲ֮ңɲ֮ħתš
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ӷû뵽񷶦Ȼһߣ֮ǰǽȻͬĴڣǰȫˣѵ𣬳ӷѽ
ӷ磬ǰأ㶼ˣֻʣϷأֻҪܴǾͿԾۼһΪǿȫôǧˡʱ䲻࣬սڣõʱ䣬󲻵ģʱ䣬ҲѾ˷츲صı仯ԣϷȰ㻹ǸϽְɣкܶڵ㣬Ҫʱ˷ˡ
ѾˣأҲһʱˡɡ
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񷶦߳ӷ磬ҪٺȥˣҪ֣սپɣأӵ˶Կ˫Ӵ۵ʵһо͵˽ɣǰˣ۵ľİţҲǰ׷ˡ
ӷʲôʮ֮Ļ²ɵһһʱ֮䣬ûӦ
ʲôʮꣿǲϺͿˣ
֮ǰû㣬ġȻѾϷϷθ㡣ϷһأȻԽһʱ䣬磬ȴѾʮˡ
ʮ꣡
ӷɫļΪѿԼĶ䡣
ϼһõûѧ˵ı㵽ģġˣҲˣҲ˵һģȻҺܲ⣬Ͼ࣬ҾǴǧ˵ʵĺʧ
񷶦Լĺ룬εӣ㻹ǴϷȥˡϷҲͲϻֱӸɡ磬ʱġһʱ䣬͵ڹ˺öˡشѾʮ꣬ŮڶѾʮˡ
񷶦⣬ûӷ˵£˵֪˫ӴۣϾҪ˫ˣҲȫս׼ѪѾɣǻԪ磬Ѿ磬ֻҪڳȥͻ֣ᷢ磬Ѿûˣ˵棬һƬ޴Ĵ½ǱǰǻԪ硣
ӷڵʼΪӷ֪񷶦ûҪƭԼģѾʮ꣬ڳӷ˵ǿԽܵģˣԼʮʱˣȻԼŮѾʮˣҲ˵˷Ӧû顣
˵ǻԪ磬ӷסˡ
ԼΪ˾ۼԸħ𡣿أǻԪȻѾ磬Ҳ˵ħѾѪ˰ǻԪ磬һԼشھǸħǻԪʱ䣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ӷڵã񷶦˵Ҳ̫ģȻǻԪѾ磬ʱûܵκ˺
ʲô˵ѪҪѪɵ𣿡
ĳڣĽħҪɱǾԲܵģԣڰǻԪǱߵ˫ӴۣʹӴǧѡ磬ȫɱˣԴۼǻԪѪ
ɱ˫Ӵۣһݣ


2920 һԪˣ
ۣνݲݵģ㣬бҪĻͬȥںǣ¾˭ѡ
Ȼǲ񷶦ڳӷ˽⣬Ǳκһ˶ࡣҲȷǳӷ뷨ʹڵ뷨
𣬿˭бҪĻӷ粢ֽˣֻҪԼˣѣŵλȥǣ
ӷ磬ʮʱ䣬˵ҲֻǴ峡ذˡʮ˵Ƕˡ磬ǰǻԪ緽棬ڰԿ˫ӴۣϾʨӴۣ飬˴ͣǸʵʲô鶼ĻǻҪʨӴʲô
񷶦˵ûϾӷʨӴۣе飬ҪӷȥģοڰǻԪǱߣиҪҪ߳ӷ磬ȴ£ǿһӷܲõʧɡ
ǲֻҪأҾͿԳȥˣ
ûѾ趨һУ֮ǰǼܣԼ˵֮⣬⼸ҲѾ׼˳ȻԼ𼤷Ҳ˵ֻҪܽϷǾͿԾۼȫմǧˡ
ӷ˵ͷѾ֪ȥˣôԲ񷶦ֻҪӷ粻ǰЩֶΣ񷶦֪ЩֶΣӷ綼ʮаյġ
أҲĹҲĹͨˣǧʽͨ磬Ҳûʲôͷˣԣڳӷ˵Ѿһصˣص㣬档
ǻԪ罵ٽĴ½գѾ޴İǻԪţ绹ҪĽλһʹ󣬵һĳ̶֮޷֮磬ͻȫǻԪȡеһУҲȫ
˵֪ںĴ½֮ڣѾκˣȻڰǻԪѾħҲѾذǻԪˣ˼Ҫ˫֮ϣôԼЩٴ֮УǾûκεˣֻҪɱǻԪ磬ȡĻᡣ
ǰǻԪѾ磬Ҫ밢ǻԪĻҲǼ׵飬ǻԪһǿĤţûȵҪ밢ǻԪ磬ȥ˫ӴۣǾԲܵġ⣬ǽ˰ǻԪ磬Ҳֱȥ˫Ӵѽɾȥġ
ƸƣǸɣھ֮󣬻ǾҪȽ밢ǻԪ磬Ҳ˵õһȽ밢ǻԪ磬ǱߵĻ˭н밢ǻԪأӷڵЩֵܽãĵǵˣϺߵƵˣȻǲѡ
ͬʱϹҲѾϵиң⼸˸Ǳ߶ϵģԿħ֮õʱ䣬˫֮Ҳսˣ໥֮Ҳʮֵ˽⣬ԣҪó˵ĵһ˽밢ǻԪ磬ǾͱҪʨ۵ϹϵиңǸ˵һԼһ֮밢ǻԪ磡
Ĵ½ӦİǻԪ磬պþ½ֱӽ밢ǻԪ磬ʺϲģ˫ӴǱҲ׼˫Ӵ׼֮£ʵ˵ˣܳ˴ʲôط룬ᱻֵģҲ˵ڽ밢ǻԪ֮ǰ˵ˣҪ취ԼðǻԪ緢֡
ڽһʱ˳ۼĵطȻħѾ˰ǻԪ磬ħȻǸһȥˣڰǻԪǱ׼ţɱǻԪ磬ǰǻԪɱ磬Ψѡûеˡ
Ѿ˵񷶦Ĵ֮£ǰȥӭӣūǳ۵ˣʱ򣬿ūҲûع鵽Լλˣųۣ˵飬ʱҪֽȥҪҲǵȵڰǻԪǱʽʱ
ʵ˵ڽ밢ǻԪ磬˵һսĵͼΪǻԪȻѾ磬ǲ磬ڰǻԪ磬һսϾĿ꣬һġ
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үү˼ҶѾˣ㲻˼ҵͷ˵ͷ᳤ߵġ
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õģǸغܿܳˡȴûʱȥˣҪȥǻԪ硣س֮Ȼȥǵġ
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ʵӷԼ֪Ŀ飬ΪѾԽľ磬Ѿ˰ǻԪħĴ󾳽磬ʲô磬ȻҪڸǻԪս֮ܿ϶
ģؾ֮ϵģҲѾ㹻ʸ밢ǻԪˡЩˣûѡЩȽ밢ǻԪġ
۲û˵ӷʵʵĹͣӷԼĹͣϾӷڻûۼ֮ǰѾתħǶǳӷԼսа쵽ġ
ǰ˵ʨǶѾ׼ˣʮ˽밢ǻԪ硣
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ʮˣһҪͽȥ⻹ǳƼ˵ѽҲ˵˰ǻԪǿ
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ǵĻ᲻ǰɣ£϶ģʱͿԼıˡչȥͱǱߵǿ߸ɱˣֻ˵һǸԼ⣬ûϵˣûʱǷϻҪȥˣԼվվˣһȰ۷壬Ȼ۷ڰǻԪǱ߲ʲôֻҪ۷֮󣬲ʸħתΪǻԪľ硣
ʱԥ˻治٣վģȴϹҸǬ֮¸ɽ̸ѣپϷǣƣǣɣ佣콣ˣһûһ೵
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Ǭ
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ܺáսôãƼСһ佣ʵҲѾˣϹǻܻţѾ֤ǵǰѭұҪһ¡ϹҵӶ̫嶯ˣ嶯Сӷһ𣬹ȥ֮϶⡣
ϹҼѾ侲ˣҪǬ˰ɣһҪȹȥġ
ƾʲôѽϹңҪҲȻ㡣
ˣˡϹң佣һȥ佣ϹңҲȽϷһ㡣
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۴˿̵һ䣬УͻһźʨҴˣĹһΰɣ
ź֮ˣǽеͷĿ
Ҹƣľعᣬ㵽ڣΪ佣
佣Ҳ۵ģǸʱǳӷ佣ȥģȻ佣ܡ
ƣľع飬浱۲֪𣬶ʮʱ䣬Ϊ˽졣


2921 ħ
ǽеͷĿħҲʮֵǿǲӦó۷еģΪƸľأ³ɱˣ廹еãҲܻڡ
ʵǳƻľأڳ۵ʲôӳ۵գȴҸᣬѰ·ġҪɱˣһܻŵģһһ䣬ҲľأҪһֻʱˡ
Ȼڳ˵Ҫ밢ǻԪ磬Ҳ˵ǰӷȴͷվȻҪźõġϹҵʵҲףֻе嶯Ǭһȥǹ˼ս밢ǻԪ磬ͻᱻ˫Ӵ۵ϣͷ·һġڣ۱ҪһͷԱϾ侲˸ϹһǸ˾佣
壬һǿѹţڣѾ˳ħޣͺñС棬ħһҲûˣ壬ȴᱻ
һ޴ĲҽУһɨ˵佣㻹ڵʲôʱʱ
ৡ
佣콣ɵ˳ǰһץס콣ͬʱħޣҲʣµֻһ塣
Ȼǰһˣʵ壬ͦʺģħ˵壬ǰҪǿĶࡣȥɡ
۽콣һӣΪһ׹⣬ֱӽ֮ڡ
˫۾ͬ˵ȻѾˣ佣佣
ϹҵڶʮֵĻû뵽ڽ밢ǻԪ֮ǰ佣ȻܸĻƴţȻʮοġ
ˡϹң佣׼ûУ
Ϲ͵ĵ˵ͷո佣Ӧ壬Ȼֿ˿Υ˵ֵܽǣ¶һֲЦݣ˵Ѿ׼ˡ
һǿ⣬ϹҸ佣ϣ漴Ằһ۷塣
ʮ˵佣ϹǵΪ۷徳һξ룬һҲˣپǰ˸ȫ㡣˴ľ룬û뵽һԶ˵۷۷壬ʮǰѾͶ˳˵ҶҸӿֱһ˼漣ѽ
ʱûκһ˵ˣȫϰеϹҸ佣۵⣬ǵڣûκεĶһǳһϹҸ佣ȫǿޱȵĵǵȫ۷壬ѳɡ
ǰҪ磬ҲǱȵ컹ѵ飬ӷҪѶĹ򣬲ſԽһѽɳһֻ֣֮飬һ㶯ûУϹҸ佣Ѿ
ˡΪѾ۷塣ҲҪ˵̫ˣϾǻԪǱǿ౶Ĵڣһλֻһô򵥡ǧ֮ףҪвǳҪ밢ǻԪ磬Ұ֮⣬ҲҪԼ
Լʲô˼гʲôҪԼģ
ѾصϹҸ佣ǸһԼڵָо˵·ڴһ޾㣬ʱԻأ硣
ˣСҲҪ̫⡣Ҹղ˵۷壬ڰǻԪ磬ͲʲôǱߣű۷ߵľ磬ҲǰǻԪħ硣ħΪĴ󾳽磬ֻҪܴԽǻԪǲǲħķȻıǵʸǵʹǵתħУҲһΣյģΪڴǲͬʱҪǲħĹ飬ͬʱ˫Ӵ۶ȻҲڰǻԪĳڣһǱ֣Ǿֻ·һˡ
һ˵ϹҸ佣໥һۣڰǻԪĳڣ˫Ӵ۵˿أԼԼѽ
ҪȻڰǻԪѾ磬ǴȥǻԪͨͲһһѡһ̶ͨǹȥģڰǻԪǱߣȻҲ˫ӴЩص⣬ͻħ֮󣬲ҪֱӳȥһҪ˫Ӵ۵˱֮󣬲ܽ롣
佣ʵʨΪʲôֱɱ˫Ӵ۵Щأ
ɱЩأֱӱ¶ʲôڵʵǵ˰ǻԪ磬ҲҪҵͷˣʵ֮ǰ͸ǰǰŰ裬û˱ǡ
ǲȥǻԪģǳӷȥˣҪֱ԰ǻԪǿߣôǿߣҲʮִģǧҲӲɣѵһȥ͸˫Ӵս˼ҿʮ׼ǧܴ˫ӴΣ˫Ӵ۰ʮ꣬ҪõЩƣһˣǾӦ˵ģֱӽǧͳȨֱǧϷ㣬飬ɲһܰ쵽ģҪʱӷ밢ǻԪһȥ
Ϲʵǹȥ֮ʲô
ʲôǾԼȥ֮ʲô

ˣҲûʱǷϻֱӸǺˡڰǻԪ磬壬ÿһУὨһħģЩħᣬ͵һľԴħᣬȥȡǮơ⣬ڲͬĳУͬõУֻͬĹӶţãǸħһģֻ˽ǹȥ֮󣬿ѡЩħᣬҲѡõе˽ӶţԴչڰǻԪ·ߡ
Ϲһ£˵˼˵ǹȥ֮󣬾Сܵķݣ
ϴʵҲûֹǡȻ˽˵Σȥ½ǵңȻ˰ǽ鷳Σģ֤ûʸڰǻԪ磬ΣҲȻ˰ͻģӴ֮κ飬ǶҪˡ
֮Ҳ˵ˣûˣСˣȥңܻŵңˣ֮Ҳûʸκεսˣ
ǲŲȥʲôңʲôطǶսȥ
ϹҺ˼ֵ׼ˣھͿԹȥˡ
šǾȥɡ
۴һָ⣬ϹҸ佣ϣγ򣬴ϹҸ佣ֱͣӿ˰ǻԪħ
ž
ĳٴδһָϹҸ佣ʧͬʱڶ˵Ϸһնն֮ڣһɾ޴ֱӾͽϹҸ佣˽ȥ
СӣףǺ˰ɡڣͻħԼˡ


2922 ָ
弸ʮȫһɽΧΪǰǻԪ磬ɽĴСҪǱߴ౶˵һɽɽһɽ½Ҳ½һ½ķֽߣɽ֮УӵźܶɽڣССبûκˣĽÿһɽȫҳɽɽҲ֮⣬޾ɽ
ļʮڵõŭȫ޾ɽĿģҪ޾ɽһ˫ɽǴԭ򣬰֪ŭҲûнԭ֪ǡϾҪҲ֪ʲôˣȻǵһˣ緽ݸλӦò򵥣ŭɲϢй¶˫Ӵ֪ˣǰ壬ûκεĺô
ʱ㣬ҲѾˣҲѾҵ˫˫һûκεķϻֱӾͶˣҽ˫һ󲿷޾ɽֻǻһСֵûбСֵҲ޾ɽǿߡ
磬һڴǧ֮γɵĽλһΣϷȥʶʶʨĵطʲô֮
ڰ˫һ󲿷޾ɽһ۵ߣ޾ɽۣ֮һ˫ɣ۾Χ˿һʱ䣬ͷһ޴ĻɽΧһ˫װӣš
˫ôѵ˫Ӵ뽫ͨڸ𣿼ȻѾ뾡һа취þһֶ磬ֽͨǲе̫ìˡ
̾˿治֪˫Ӵ۵ڸʲôЩ˫ӴĿģǻԪҲѾˣ֪֮УһʨͬʱһʨӴۣȴû֪ʨӴ۸ʨ֮ôĹϵʨֻ᲻Ǵ˵ʮ֮ĩʨӴۡ
ȻֻҪеӵˣϸһ£뵽ʨͲܻʨӴۣΪʨڵʱҪ˫ӴۻҪ磬ʨӴ˫Ӵ֮ԣʱ㣬ʨͲʨӴۡǵʨǻʲôأҲҪȥҪԭ򣬿ʮһһôô磬ڰǻԪġ
֪Ӱۣ˫ӴۣÿһεۣڰǻԪ磬ΨʨӴۣȻǳڴǧ֮γɵһλ֮У˵γɵһλ⻹е˼
ߵݣʵҪ룬Ȼֱȥ磬е˼ӦǸʨʶģڰǻԪݸλԲ򵥡
ʮħʦа񣬱ɵʨгģȴΪһŸȴͬʱսʨȫڵʨ֣֮һĴħʦаĵʨȴΪ֮ףҲǿʦ
ħʦаУڶħʦָĳƺţҲ˵ΪǻԪ磬ûκˣָ֪ţبָҲͳΪ˰ǻԪһ񻰰Ҳʵ˫ӴһϸµЩָûڰǻԪֹ˵ڿʦʧָ֮ûгֹˣȴۻں۵֮ϣһʨһ˫Ӵ֮⣬ָ˵ǰǻԪĵһˡ
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СǣҪôšϷֻȥǱһˡ
쵰˫Ӵ¹ûõ֮ǰκˣȥ硣
˫Ӵ۵ֻԱãϷ򣬿ûκá
Ȼ˫Ӵ۵ϼһΪԼ˭ѽ
ˣϷûʱǷϻȫϷɱ䡣
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ɲ֮䣬ָѾ˻ɽڵԵ˫ǿߣɵһЦ˵ɱǣҲ̫Ϸˡˣȥɡ
µʲôˣȥ磬˫Ӵ֪ЩȻᱻġֻǷ£²ҪΪǣٱţҲ˫Ӵ
ЩһҲûһɵϣԷǿˣԼЩ˵ֵסģԲֻ֮Ҫ֪ݣʱ˫Ӵ۹ԼҲѽ
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˫ǿȫǻһʮħʦڶ˿ʦ֮⣬ҲΨһһûй˳˫Ҫ֪ʮħʦУ˿ʦָ֮⣬İ˸ȫں֮ǰ˫ӴƷɻ֮󣬾Ѿȫ˳˫ʦǴӻԪʧˣҲ˺ָȴûʧ˫Ӵɳ˰˴ħʦҪȥշָָ˳˫ȴϣ˴ħʦȻвһָ͵ָڵľŴħʦвһʦһģ
ǱˣҲЩ˫νǿ߻Ҫһ£˫ӴȻ˵ûãʲôһԷָ˫ǿ߲ص˿˴ħʦвԼЩˣֵġ
ԭָʦղðָʦˡ
û뵽ϷѽЩСѶ֪ˣϷҲΪЩСѣøﻹϷҪȥ磬һˡ
ָѣԣʲôˣܱ֮ΪѵģɣֻһѣǱǿʦ
˫ǿҲٶ˵ʲôҲͷһ磬ԼЩˣǣָҲΪԼЩˣݸλĲָ࣬ܲ潫ЩСȫɱɡ
ɾָҪͨɽڣʱͻȻͨĻɽڣȻһ޴ıըֻɽڵҽըըֱʣָšһо΢Сӻɽɢ˫ǿߣҲʱһ㶣Ǵͷ˵˹ˡɱ֮


2923 ɡ
ǻԪո粻ãȻˣ˵ⲻӦѽǱߣǸǧ֮ĽλָһʨʨӴ֮⣬ǲϵ˰ǻԪģǻԪǲħɲģû㹻ʵ޷ͨҲ˵ڰǻԪֻ֮аǻԪȥ磬ˣͲϵ
ǣָо֮־òܻǵʨʨӴѽ̫СˣһħӦǱߵôϵ˰ǻԪ磡
ˣܻὫһ¸ӻָӻеʱҲ˵Ǿһʱȴᱻһ£һ̫鷳ˡ
Ȼڵָò룬Ǳʵȴϵ˰ǻԪ磬ɣǱ˵ģʵҲָǰ㣬Ӱһһ׳ɽϿʱָоڻɽڣһħһʮǿģͿɽ
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ָоһ־ΥҲеϤ뵱֮꣬䣬ͽԼŴħʦȫˣҲڵʨġ
ǣָһ룬׻ôˣȻõʨǽ밢ǻԪ磿ʨӴۣǾһǸʨӴֱӹϵġ
ӣ磬ȥˣȻǵʨˣָ϶Ҫһµģʵ˵˫Щǿߣɾֻ·һ
Ȼ˵ָʨĹϵõѵĵزʵĻָûʸʨΪѣָȴʮ־ʨǿߣҲòָ壬˫Ӵָۣû̫ΨʨֵָۣþĶҲΨһһֵָĶ
˫ǿ߼ӰѾϿգˣ˫ӴѾҪɱ÷κһġ
ǻʲôɱ
ͷһ£ǿߣҪϿе˸ɱɾʱָˡ

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ͷûָʲôʱֵģһָ֮⣬ûˣգ֮ɱԼѽ
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ͷ˫۳ĺ¡ָղ˵ŹԼЩ˵ģھȻⲻָѽ´˳ȥָݣȻɱ񲻻Ϊ˵Ц
Сѣ˼ˡСӣ
ָ˻һԾҪס֮˵ģͷӵɫһ䣬˵ѵҪվǱ𣿡
ɲ˵ϷҪʲô飬ҲֲСѶܡȻ˫ӴҪɱһͲԻȥˡ㵹ùɡ
ָһֻ֣һӣͷӣ͸Լڵħޣ֮䣬ʧΣ壬Ҳڿٵʧ
ܣǿǿߣ֮䣬ôܾͽԼɱˣԼħޣĻᶼûС

ɽһҽУͷӣֱʧΡ
ϿеϹҸ佣໥һۣ˵ı飬Ҫѿжѿ
ܰɣյǻԪ磬ͼ˱̬һĻϼһôģҲ̫ǿ˵ɡ
ӣǵ治һĺáչǿߡ
ѽ˵ǿߣǻԪһܶ࣬ض˵ĻҲͲҪȥˣֱӻȥˡ
佣֪ߣѾǰǻԪеĶˣǿߣǻԪӦûкܶ࣬Ҳ˵ԼЩ˲콫ʵȥҪܻߵĻֻ顣
ǣңǵطϹһ佣֮ȥģȥҵϼ壬Ǹֱӷʲô
ҪҪȥк
Ϲϴ˷ܵЦݣǿߣȻû˿η壬Ҳ佣˵ֱӾͷ£ָǰ
ָϹҸͲ֪ǻԪеĶϹ˫֮Уð˻棬ȫϣҲ˻档
佣ֹҪ嶯
ǲΪǿȶˣֵĻᶼûС
ѵΪ֣Ķ𣿡
򲻹ҲҪǳˣʲôʱ¹ˣ
ǵȻǲµģҲˣĿģǰͷġʦδҲ̫˵ɡ
ϹҾ佣˵еյǻԪ磬治ֱȥģҪѧһµĽ𣬸ħһǻԪ磬ʮӾͱ˸ȥˣֶѼҵ飬Ϲҿɲɡ
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佣˵ͷȻָûж֣˵ղֻ֮ԼĶԹԼûϵģҲֻʮɺϵģ
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ָһ죬ϹҸ佣̾;˵ͬʱ
ҪšϷûеģ򣬸ղҲǽЩСѸˡ
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ϹҸ佣໥һۣϼһղ˵ɱЩˣڰԼ˵ġ
˵ղɱˣǰɱģ
ָ֪Ȼ˴ǵʨģǶ˫ӴۣӦ˽ˣҲûҪκεķϻֱ˵ղЩˣ˫˫ӴЩͨġ˱Ϸɱļ֮⣬֮ǰкܶˣһˣ˫СѣӦڰǵġ
˫˫Ӵۣ֪Ҫ
ȻġǻԪ綼֪˫Ӵ۽ǻԪ磬ΪɱʨӴۣҪͳδǧģȻǲκһ밢ǻԪ磬ƻļƻġϷҲ벻ЩСѵĵӿ湻ģʵҲܵǻԪɸûġãȻǵʨģӦмˢӰɡ
Ϲһ㶣ʵô֪ǳģ
ʨ磬ճ𣿹ЩˣϷʨҲˣȥ磬λѵģɼȻҲ˵Լ֮ҪˣϷҲûҪһ磬ֱӵˡ
ʨѣ

Ϲһ۵ѣһǿߣԼղû֣Ȼͻ˫Щһ֪ôġ
佣˫һתʨѣӣԼ˵ãյǻԪ磬ʨѣҲܶԷ˵Ǽ٣٣ԶԷʵ˵ֻҪҪԼ˵İȫǾûġ
û佣뷨ΪԼһѱɡ֮飬˵ɡ


2924 ӷأɱķ
𵺵ϿգȻ⣬⽥γ״ϸһΪ׵һ޴Ĺⶦ֮һǿնĹ壬֮һɫһƬ磬һʥּĶ
𵺣ʼݣɽıҽڱ𵺸Ͽյ֮䣬һѪ֣γһΣѪ֮ڣһСʮнţһµʱ򣬡žһС˿ѪΣѪεԱߣγһΡ
ͬʱһֻ޴ʨӣϿΧţ춯صĺ漴壬Ϊ⣬ʨӽһҪʼ㣬ֱӳγȥ
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飬飬顭
ĵ֮䣬ǻԪǲ㣬һıըʯͷӰǻԪ²׹ĸطʹĺܶС͵ɴ˱١
ңԶ֮У۴֧һͬʱ˱𵺵ķ򣬳˳֮⣬ÿһ˵飬Եʮֵļӽš
˫һţͬʱ֣Ҵ󺰵׼
һϯģֻΪ⣬Ǳ߳˹ȥ
ǧڸܵʵ嵽ʱһʹĳӷɲ֮䣬ޱȵľ޴󣬶Ǹĳӷ磬ֱ仯˲֮ģٴν˳ӷڣֻڵĲ֮ģѾһСˣǱ࣬һࡣ
ڳӷڵС棬Ҳʱű仯С棬ȫһ𣬸֮ǰӷʨӣΪһ壬͵³ӷСʨӵĽϣͳʨħޣҲǳӷħޣʨӴ۵ħޣ
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ʨӴۣˣѪ⣬Ϊɹԣ磬ʹ𶯣ƽһУķǳǰǻԪ綼ûгֹƵģǺţҲֹͣʨӴۣԴ۵һ°ǻԪ磬֮Уûȥˡ
ʨԳǻԪ磬ǧĵʮδۣҲһδۣڳˡ
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2925 һ˵ɱ¾
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ڳӷͨؿۼ֮Ѿ۷ʱڣʱԲȥһܣǲЧϱǰҪõĶ֮࣬İʵҲġ
˫Щ־Եǿߣֻܷ˵ǿߣҪǻԪĻҲֻ˫ʿˣһ֧ͳ켶𶼲ǣʵҪȻҲԶ
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ڵİһܣֻӳӷ£ڳӷһ֮󣬰ٶҲֻžԴԴϣӷ֪ȥºڶʱ֮ڣЩȫɱ
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ѾԷӵ۷ĳ̶ˡ
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һ˵ٶ̫ˣûκη֮³ֵĻȻᾪ˫Ӵ۵ġ磬ԽĲʱסȵ˫Ӵ۷ʱҶ֪ʲôطȥˡ
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ǿԱ鲼ǧﷶΧģɳӷΪ˽ЧﵽãֻǧֹڷԲ֮ڡ
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ӷ絥һӣ񷶦ֱʣ磬˿̣Բ֮ڣһǿıըһԭӵըŨֻڰķΧ֮ڡ
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½һΪǵĳУϹҸ佣һ·ָɲɵӣһԵǿߣ¸յãͻɱ֮ˣҲ˵ǽָʵɣǣָʵģ԰ǻԪĹأͲǧ꣬ͲܽУֻҰˡ
ڽʱҪǼǣָݣĿܻȥǼǵģֱһסǵЩأͬʱҲǵĳˡ
ǣȻԻһΪ򣬿ɼڰǻԪ磬ҲһȽϴļˡȻǲǺܴ󣬳еĴСҲһСЩзΪŵȣļ壬ȻҲͬһȼ֮ڣΪŵȵġ
ǳָǿϾͽˣԴȫѰָˣǿ岻ҵ鷳ģҲ˫˫֮Կ
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2926 壡
˲ˣ
ϹҸ佣໥һۣԼˣ۶˵һģֻʮˣҲΪ˱ĶˣȻᱻ˫Ӵ۷֣ǸʱνġǹǻԪʮˣҪȱܿ˫Ӵ۵ߣڰǻԪ˵緽ˣǲܳʮģңǬǶ֪ʲôʱ򵽡
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ûνɷ죬Լʵ£Ҫ뾡һа취ԱԼסǻ̸ʲôԿ˫Ӵۣ˫ǱһվͿԽԼ˸ɱˣ


2927 һܱȰʨ
ϹҸ佣ͬʱ߳¥ȫ˴˶˵ϣΪڳſڵѾǼǾʹǵ㱨ˣҲΪ֮һ̫ǿʱһϵҲڳȴߵûнѾŵڵأ⵼嶼ˣΪǱָŵһеͷΪѾ˽ƽ𾳽磬ǻԪһУŵȴ˷ŵɼ߾ԲһǣԴսԱ˹ҪȻһߣʵڶԸˣ˫Ǳ֧Ԯ
ǻԪУŵļ壬ҲڣһгοѾصˣȻǿıʲôҪΣصҪȴ˿ΪģȻҪԳֻһܶԷʲôˣĵϷҲҪ۵ġ
ȻڰǻԪЩ˵ϵֵ֮ģҲˣֵ֧һҲзԵһǷԵһȻǲǱߣҲصĶ˵һζ巴Լϵ˵һõĻᣬεĻᣬȽҪ
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ϹҴЦһȻյǻԪ磬ڵһϻ˵ĺã棬ǶôİĻҪﵱԼ֮أԵжôǿôİҲҪԼĶ֣Լʶ˺ܾõˣʸվǰ̸֮ʺϣЩþսΪĴ·֮һ
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ͷʮͨɱˣǾܹȥʲôùӳ𡣺ԣԷһǸմģһһˣǱߵʵ˵֮ɱʮͨȫ˫ˣ˵ҲаʨӦûǰǻԪǿ
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ôŵѽϹҸ佣˶Цʵ̫ˣһ˶ѣǿͳ˰ʨȻţ档
ǰǻԪˣ˭ѽȻ繴ᣬѵͲ±˫Ӵ𣡡
ѵˣǰ˫ӳǴս
һʵ˼ǡң
ûңңϼ֮⣬ǻԪ磬˭˫ӴΪУ
̾˿òֵ飬ԼԲǵ鷳
Ҫ֪ǻԪĵһɱħᡰᡱҲһΪħᣬҪɱңϼãɽΣǽȥ٣ûһܻŻģһɱᣬҲ˵ǵһɱ壬֮вϵû䣬ΣˣϵڶɱüԿǿƷˣڵĿ壬˵֮ûȥʲôɱˣһĵֵüϮΪرǣü壬ȫŮˣûκһ˵Ĵڣ


2928 ڣ
ǵϿգһ⻮ͬһ꣬ȥǳȴɱŨŨɱҪЩͨڴɱСࡣ
ӣѾ׾˫Ӵۡ˫ǿѾˡ
˶·ĿģһȫųԵʶҪʶȥۿ밢ǻԪ˫ĵһսƵģȴûκˣʱ׵ļսϾǱ߿ңģֻҪ˫Ӵ´ǻԪԿĻκһ˫ļ壬ᣬñţѡʱȥսֻԹսԴжǱ߳ң֮⣬ʨӴۣжٵĵơ
ȻǻԪҲɵӣǱߵ쵼ߣʨӴ۸һͽеȫóĻɵӾʨӴˣˣҪ˫Ӵԣ˫Ӵ۵ｫλȫͲܵġ
ʵʮ˵໥Կ飬ڰǻԪǵһηģΪ֮ǰʮָۣ׹ڼ䣬һοոʱ䣬λͬʱֵģпոʱУ˭ǿ󣬾ͿԳưһǻԪˣǧҲ˵ġ
һΣ˫Ӹʨӵͬʱ֣һʨҪ˫ӵĵλڰǻԪ磬ʨӴ۵鴫ǻԪǻԪļᣬ˽ĹӶţͶڵȴʨӴ۵ĵҲ뿴˫ӴǿʨӴţ棬Ҳһζȥ֧κһλۣϾû˻֪ʤ˭ģ˫ӴۣȴʨӴۻʤĻЩ˫Ӵ۵ļ壬ȻȻͻΪʨӴҪĶ󣬷֮Ҳһġ
սֻҪûܵ˫ӴǿƵѹֻҪʨӴûнƣЩ壬ֻѡս
Ҳһģ챾ָģΪǱߵԼǸʱȫʶųҲ뿴ʨӴۣôֶΡ
ɱһΪΪۡ
Ȼ䣬һϵھ¥ǸղŵĴЦͬһˡ
ȫһһĹעʨӴ۸˫ĶԾȥˣȻԼǻһλǿߵˣڷӦĿ죬˼ԼûӦʱ֣Ҫһ롣
֪¥ڵ˵˭ָ֪Ļ¶Ҫֱӹˡ
ָԵ޹ʵĴϹҸ佣ܵݸλߣϾǵϴܲΪָһ仰ҪϹҸ佣ҽүɣ
µǺηʥǣкιɣһɡ
Сѣӣ崫ˣЩСѾˣ˭İɡ
˻һֻһӰӾ¥ڳֱ֣ӾվϹҸ佣ǰ
ߣҲĳԱʶȻƹ壬Ȼ֪ģûмԼУȴһԼڵĻŻҲڵڣûʲô˸ҴעҪԭ
ҪǰܶԷʲôˣʵжǿȽΧ˵
ȴֹȫס֡
أǰָǰ˵û뵽ǣȻָǰֱӹ
һĻĳԱϹҸ佣ɵۣʲô£ϼһǿҲǿ󵽸һ֣ɡ
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࣬ݼڡ
ʲô
ָʲôڣ
ţѵǰߣλ˭ǿʮħʦİѽ㣬嶼֪ȴûκһ˸ȥ˵ģλĴʼ֮£ֵĺܵ͵ֻǿʱŻὫڵĻóԼڵݣǿˣҲΪˣǻԪ磬ûָ֪ģܹ巽棬ʮֺá
ǻ£ݼڡ
ȫųһ亹йùģԳһܣȴϣˣӣҪ𣬿ûˣ
ָҲʶһ£ʨĶӣǵʮεʨӴۣһôĽɫԣҲûЩϻʲôֻ˵࣬СѣͽˡҺúչһǣǼᡣ
䣬ֱָӷˣܶĳԱûλڵò
ΰ㣬ǰжٴļҪλڶûᣬû뵽ȴԼˣңڻԴԼչ˵ģɾһҪչ˺ѽ
ʵָûжʲôΪڣûȥˣҲϹҸ佣᲻ʲôɫ˲ҶϹҸ佣ôϹҸ佣ϵõôҲȫܵģֻһ࣬ŻúùһǶ˰ˣ


2929 ҾҪҵˣ
ָǣֱӳȥһ·ϣѾ˴ʬ壬һǲȱȫģѪѾγ˺öССЩ֫ȣѪˮĽ֮£˶̵ʱ֮ڣȻѾʼãָõĳ̶ȣȫͲģһ·ָҲûзκεĶѽһ·˵ɱЩ˫֮õģӦѪ֮ħִŰ֮ħ֮ħԷһ֣ħȳ̶˵ҲӦǸＶǿߣǲһӵħġһ·Ĳսֲ̫дڸ˫ƴɱľͲȫͬװ˫ӷˣ
ʨӴۣô쵽ġ˶ȻһҲûȫ˫ˣѵֵģֻʨӴһ𣿡
ָƣһˣҲô̵ʱڣɱ֮ѽɱ˫˵Ҳкüˣÿһȥ̫ߣÿһΪҲ˽ļʵĻʨӴ۵ľ絽ɱ˵ʱϣҲѽ
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ָҪ֪ڸղţһ·ɱʲô£ԷֶʮֵĲ̣Ѿ̵һľ磬ǵĵʨɱ˵ֶϣûʨӴۺݶѽɱҲˣħ޾ˣΪʲôҪ˫ɱ֫ȫأ
ѵʾʨӴɱˣڶ˫Ӵʾ𣬳ֽ֮⣬ָȫ벻Ŀˣ
һ·ǰɣʬҲѾԽԽˣָ֪ǴʨӴۣӦþڸˡ
һʬľͷһȥʮ꣬һİɫ£ԵĺʵϵɢҲԵĲǺǿңһħûУϿȥҲû˿ɱ⣬˫˸оһ־Υʡ
ħڣȴŸϹң佣һɣ꣬ǴģʵȻһ·Ĳսûܵκε˺ڻһ˴ӣӦǸʨӴһˣڸղŵսУõʨӴ۵ı
ָҪʶһʨӴۣȻҪһʨӴһˣǰΨһһΪָѾΧҲˡ
˰ߣɰڼָȴһҲ£һ㶼ԾǿָһۣȻָЦһòԵĴһк㣬ȻЩȱȫʬУʲôطƵġ
ָȫ굽ʲôźܶħģȫǱɱ֮˵ħģһڼѽ
ָľٶ״ˣǵһμˣȻʱЩȱȫʬмˣǰδŹѽڰǻԪ磬˫սսʤһǾԲмȥðܷĶģһЩʮֺħģȫһЩ˻
Ҳ֪ЩȥĻܲüǮ
˻һָ׵˰죬˼ǴЩħĵѽЩٶ࣬Ҳ̫Ǯѽ
λ˼ңһ£⸽ʲôطǿ׵𣿡
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ݰָȫ˼һħûеСӶֵģ̾˿˵СѣشϷһ⣬ЩħģϷˡ
ŶԭЩħġ˼ҸǻԪ磬Ķʵڲ˽⡣ҿɣҲҪ̫ǿˣЩֵǮĻĺöˡ
ôĿһЩͨħģȥƸõħģǻԪ磬Ҳġ
ϻˡңǲǴģ
ⲻǺҸղҲѾ˵ˣյǻԪ粻á
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ȷɱ˵ֶΣǻԪ磬ûйɱ˾ɱˣɱ˵ѽ
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ˣѾˡҺæҪȥĵطˣ˫ӴǼһ˹߾ͱȽ鷳ˡ
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СѣǾƲԣԷǰɣ
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2930 Ϻ꣡
İǻԪ磬ԲɵȥðʨӴ۵ģΪðʨӴ۳ӷ磬Ǿ͵ǰҪ˫ӴΪеġʨӴжôţ棬̨ܺжôǿӲ٣İǻԪ磬ǧ磬˫Ӵֵ֮ģɲҪһЦɱ֮͵ǰӷɲȥˣ˭ΪðԼ˫ӴɱԼȥġ
˵ָ񣬼Ȼǰ˸ԳʨӴۣ֪ôĺǴģطɣʨӴ۳ӷˡ
һ룬ʨӴۣʨӣôܻһħûأǸϹң佣ǰνʨӴ۶ѽ
ָ֪ӷΪ˲˫Ӵۣʱ͸˫Ӵͻֻɱ˵һɲǣԼɱֻ֮֮䣬պãԼɢ˫Ӵ֪Լ˰ǻԪ磬ӴİǻԪ磬ҪһˣֻҪ˲뱻ҵֻҪ˲ɵ˫ӴǾҲģ㷢˫ǻԪԱ֤ǣ˫ӴΪ˴ɱһϣֱ̫ⲻ׬⣬˫ӴҲȥġ
˵ʨӴۣ֤ܲһ£
ָе㻳ɣǲǳӷҵѽһ۵Сվĵ˹ҲΪһնġ
֤ҺҪ֤ʲôɡҲ˫Ӵ۵ˣǲ˼ˣͱŻȥˡ
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㻹ɱϷϷ㣬㸸׵ʨˣҲ˵ֻġ
ָҲûдţʨ۲ǵˣڵ꣬ҲѵһʨĹˣǳˣ治ָ˵ϾǸʱˣİǻԪҲˣһһ
ʶҰ֣
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Ҳܵʨûнָѣָʵ˵иʨ۳Ϊѵʸ
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ӷһ֮ǰ˫Щһ̫ˣԼҪ̫ѾܽȫɱⰢǻԪ磬ҲСֵزɣ˵ǻԪǿ𣬿ɱԼ磬ⲻóӷеһʧ
ʵӷ粢ûԼղɱʱõģȻûжôǧѾǰǰˣΪǿѾеһҪɱ˫Щ׾ٵ顣
ȻǰǻԪʮħʦǳӷ绹ʶһ£ⰢǻԪΪǿһˣԼ֮Ĳж١
ȻǰǻԪʮħʦҲ۸㡣ѡһҵ뿴νʮħʦ֮һʵΡ
СѣҲ̫Ϊ˰ɡϷ֪ӵŴǧģϷҲ֪Ĵǧ򣬻ûȫԸϷ򣬿ͬʱӳҲδܰϷôɡ
ʮħʦһǰǿɲ˵ģǰǻԪ磬ܶǳӷǰСָͬӷҪһȥԸ̫Сˡ
ȻСҪ֤ʵһڵʵǿڵʨϣϷͳȫɡȫ㻽֮ǰϷҪһµġ˫ӴۣǲҪκһӱ붯ôǧ򡣡
ӷһ㶣ϼһȻֻϺꡣͷԼʵھԼģԼҪǧˣ˫ӴϾͻ֣ᷢΪɲ֮ǰЩӷ֮һƴҲ֮ͽɱģʱһã˫Ӵ۶
ǧԳӷڵһͬߴħȴҲָܻĶѽ㻹浱˼ʮħʦǸǳѽЩһǾ˵ʨĵųģҲǵõ˵ʨ۵Ͽɡ
ղųҶɼȻ㶼ҲˣϼһʲôֶΣʩչɡ
ӷȻǾͲһȥָߣͬʱǧֹ
һһҽң͵Ϯɡ
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˼СѣȻˣϷղȴֻоһ˵ĴڣӣСѣӦǸ˰ɣ
Ȼҵˣֻܽǻˣ˽ˣͱҪۡǧֹǻʲô֣һеУУȫʩչλħʦǲġ
ȷָǰʲôֶΣûãʵɳӷǧֹȶ֣ȴҲĿĵģҲûƭѽԼҪ͵Ϯ㣬㲻ţҾû취ˣħʦݣҲӦòһ£һɱְɣǿɲѽ
СѣٷϻˡһϰɡȻ㲻ҶǧϷҲģҲֻ뿴ʨӴ۵Ǳ״һôĵزҲ뿴ڲۣͬʲô𡣡
ӷ̾˿־ͶâǧֹҲ硣
СѣֱӻͲ±˫Ӵ۷֣
ͲˡȻҵ飬ҲҪλħʦģΧĺڹûУǽ֮н磬ڶʱ֮ڣǧֻҪҲıǧͲġ
ˣСۣҪϺ꣬ꡣ


2931 ̣
ǧֹͬʱ֣νҼйڿն˫˫ϣҪڳ֮䣬ͽָˡû뵽ˣֻֻ֣ţָʱ򣬾Ȼеһɾ޴ѹָûг֮ǰѾܵѹڿնĶˣָľ޴ѹѹ˵ϣ޷ȴҲûֹͣħͳͳָΧסˣħ֮ڵǧֹƾħԼϵͬʱǧֹķɵڶ̾뷢䣬ȴ޷ָ˿˺ϼһķʵ̫ǿǿӷδһħݺᣬͲҪ֣ɢħǧֹʹĶ֮£ָħˣ֮䣬ֵĻᶼûˣ
ָħٹǿҲûиǧֹ˿˺˲ָʵ˵Ҫɱ˶ˣҲֻ֮ʱ򣬵ɢħѾˡ
ԣָûҪɱ˵ģܹҳӷ磬ҲֻΪ˼ʶһʨӴ۸ǰЩʲôɱֽӷɱˣǱضʨֳֺõ飬ָȥͬģָɱ˳ӷˣҲӷ𣬵ʱָʨӴ۵ϵƣҲֻѡ˫Ӵվһսˣӷһ·ֶΣôɱ˵ģָȻûһ·Щȱȫʬ壬Ѿ֤һˡ
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Ҳӷ絽ڻָ֪һ·ɱ¾ɵۣˣǸӵľţ֪˫Ӵ۵һôµĶ֣ںܶ˿ʨӴۣһļһҲֻļһŻ˵ֶΡһ£һ㣬ģ̵ֲ꣬Գ˵ǲܵģһ˵ȥ֤ģνСˣҪԼȥǸɵҡӷͲмˣһǾӣһӢۣӢ۸ۣۣ֮䣬ӷѡߡӸС֮䣬ӷԻѡȥһСˣ٣һС˶ԣʲô飬Ҫȥ͵ģҲȥЩ£˼㿴ˣῴ۵Ļǵҵĵ㲱ϵʱ򣬾ͱκεĽڣκεսϣ䣬ӮӮκεĽڣֻ֤ܣС޷ȥ֤κǿһ档
͵Ϯָģǧֹ׵ľͱˣֵضûУӷ֪͵ϮѾκˣҲ֪ϼһ᲻һŭ֮Լɱ֣ⰢǻԪ磬ڲ֪ϹҸ佣Ҳڵ֮£ӷõģҲֻаܣǧֹˡ
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ӷһ£ǧֹһ£һ硣
ָʱҲûκεĴ⣬ΪһСļһʹ˫ӴʦڣҪǻԪӣûȥ磬Ϊ׼֣ȻҪ˫Ӵ۶׼ֵģǾԲǸ򵥵ٲϿȥǰļ򵥡
ʨӴۣӷ硣˰ɣ
ָһָӷ磬ˣʮħʦۣûκһ˵˵죬֪ǶͷһˣҲԸʨһս󣬾Ŵħʦսʨһκָû˷ܹˡ
ӷҲǵһĶ֣˵ǵˣ˫Ӵ۵ˣǿ˷ָԼǰκһ֣κһ˶Ҫǿ󣬵ǿ֮࣬ȴֲ˿ɱԣûҪԼƴģȻҲڵԼûʵһսֻҪ̽һ£һѶѡ
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ӷ粻ᵥһһȥָ֣֮ǰ뷨ǲָ֪ǿ󣬼ȻѾʶˣǳӷͻеָһսҪκεأеһУȫ¶
ˣڸտʼһµ飬ͽԼеĵƸ¶ɾһɱķʽԼһеĵƶ¶ˣö˽⵽ԼеһС
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ûӷ粻ҪָսһҲָ֤һԼʵָԼĴϣҲҪָΪǿѣպ󣬶ȻܰﵽԼġ
ôˣӣν磬еá
ӣҰֻѣʱѾеһսˡ
Ϸ֮飬ĲҪ֪ϷС֮䣬ǿԶӴӴġ
д⡭ߴħ

ڳӷΧ߸ħǰǻԪߴħγɵһħ
Ȼһӵߴħǲûʹڵľ磬ǲһӵߴħģϷҲ޷쵽Сӣ֮ǰͽħȫסˣ̼ͬʱֶΣѾΪˣս⡣Ǳսѽ
ϼһսȻ١
ӷûȥƺָΪϼһֳƺʵĳЩʱҪԵĸӵһл
е˼Ϸûʶǧ㲻Ļ죬ǷһϷĺ֮ģϷͬʱʶһǧ
ҳӷҲǸСˡұǧ֮ǰɷ֪ţ
ָҲû˿ԥֱ˵Ϸ̡ڰǻԪ磬˳ָ
̣⣬ָ֣ӷûģӲָ֪ǵһαԼģ±κһ֪ˣָȻĳ˵ǰָȻȻͻΪǻԪ۵ĶΪΪָģȻǸָͬһĴڣҪ߳һĴڣ


2932 һԲϣɱУ
ǧֹʵ壬ס硣
ӷ˫һתһǧֹ
ǧֹȫҲֻеΪһû۷ľ磬ԣӷֱʵ壬ҲҪϵηס硣
ڣӷǧֹЩÿһһʵ壬Ǿ˲˵ģ֮ͨ󻹽һΪӷ֪Ҫ밢ǻԪ磬ǰÿһҪǧֹЩ͸˵ˣÿһ˵ǧֹһԲġ
ǧֹӷ˵ҪԼʵʱҲԾϾǧֹȻֻڶأɺ漸أǧֹȴоӷǿǧ̼䣬˵ʵ壬ǧֹӷһжóҲѽ
ص˵ͷǧֹѾʵ׼ָҲ׼ҪӷԾģֻʶһ³ӷʵˣһλۣʨӴۣ֮ǰЩʲôһĵطͬʱҲʶһ£ǧǿһôĵز
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СѣлˡڿԽǧˣϷҲǼʶˣȻǹģȷΪǧ֮УΪǿ
ָǿʵӲǽԼסˣһԼȶסԼ壬ǲһҲ˵ġ
ָҲ˵ȵ˵һӷ緢ȫĽڳʱ֮£ԼҲȫֵסض᲻ͣıˣڱ˵ͬʱӷٱǧɣܵԼ
ӷ˫һ䣬֮еɱ⣬̼صһȭǰĵϴȥ
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ָҲѽԼǱǧţһӷҪɱ֣ԼݺᰢǻԪµҪ﷭ˡ
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вӷǳвһвָ±֪ˣһ۾ģʲôʱ򣬰ǻԪħʦ˴ˣȻᱻв
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һԲϣɱС˵ѡ·


2933 ݣ
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úǰǧָûκ׼֮£ȫֵסģ׼ҲȫֵסϾǴǧΪǿ
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ӷҲ֪þգ潫ָƼˣܾˣԼҲûκκôġ
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ȻѾˣû˽Ҳν޷֮⣬˫ӴǱߣҲҲӷλˡ

ӷڵ̬һתת䣬ָȫܲˣ֪Сһ׵Ļֻ֮ʲôУ֮һϲǵĻɫ
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СӣϷǰţǧɱôˣ㵱Ϸɵ𣿡
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ָɫԽԽѿӷ˵Ҳûģ浽ȥ˵£˵Ȼ˵ţָʲôѽСӵֵ³ԿЦ
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ӷֵ𣿾Բ٣ΪʲôҪһ͵ϼһأΪģֻǿָʵˣǿ߳ΪԼֵܣǻԪ磬Ӧöʲô°ɣ
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ֵܣһҪ󣬾ǽݡҪݣһҪ㹫£˵ָ½һֵܣȴܽҵݸ߸κ֪
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ˣҪ˷ʱˣɱôˣ˫Ӵ۵һ߸ϡЩݵĹǾ˰ɣҳ꣬ҾͳΪ֡

ָˣʲôгꣿϷѽĴòã
Ͳָ˵ʲôӷһת˵֣˫Ӵ۵ѾˣòҪһ·㻹ǸҸʲôŴñǼٵģҲ˼ҼٵĵַҼٵɡ£Ȼȥġ
ָʵǴȥˣֱһֶһƵĶȻ˵һַתˣ߻˵СøϷԶ㣬ϷԶСˣ


2934 ţȥ
ʵָҪӷģӷ紩СЬʲôģӷҲһ㶼ģΪӷѹûͣڰǻԪ硣
ڵ밢ǻԪԶһ㶼ԶֻҪصʵǾ͸һżûģӷʱֻһְӣȻѾɱһͨҲûȥ˯ˣڱǼ죬ʮ꣬ӷʮûûȣҲû˯Ǳ߲Լĵ̣ܲԼĵ̲˯ܵ˵ĵ˯ɣһ˫ӴҵԼ鷳ʹˡ
ȻһǻԪ磬ҲˣȥʱܲϢɣӷѻȥʱѶһ㣬ڰǻԪ絣˫Ӵ۴Ŵɻȥʱ򣬳ӷһ㶼ˡ
ѡһԼͨڣӷֱӾͽ֮˳ֱʣĲ֮ǿ󵽣һųǰǻԪôӴ磬ҲֱӾġ
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ָһʨӳ֣ӷֲɵӣɵҲܰԼħʦѽ
ԭѹûһֱѹһ㶼ϷôˡҲԣڵǻԪ벻ԶҲһһصľ룬Сӵʵ˵Ҫش󣬸գ֮顣һ˫ӴۣǼ鷳ˣ֪ӷСӻʲôʱ鲻ãɱһģõʱһģ˫Ӵ۸ȫӷСʲôָһӷ緢񾭣ܵ˫ȥһҲǷǳпܵģ
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߰ɣ´ʱҲָϷˡϷϷȥɣȻģϷ޶ֻҪϷԸ⣬ûҵĵϷ򡣡
ָЦһվһɽۣ֮ϷָȻϷݰӣģвɡ
ָֻǷйһ£ʱҲûȥʲô˵ֱӷȥȴû⣬ղվɽۣ֮һ˯ȴָˡ
ָѵǴ˵еĵڶħʦۿʲôôţ棬ȻָΪֵܡУҪϽϢؼȥǴѽ
ָôܻӷģӷݵ鹫£ǲ鷳𣬾û֪ݵĶһôһʱӷԼڰǻԪ絽ǵĻҲǣָģ˫ӴǱߣҲһָģָֻû뵽ǣԼһ仰ֱӽԼӷݵϢ˳ȥΪɺϵǣղɽǱߵˣɲɵģĳԱǸǻԪ֮Ϊ壬Ҳҷڵļ塣
˵ܶܵϣǻᱣķǳãĳЩԣ˵ǲᱣ棬һʱ䴫ǻԪ磬ɴ֤ѶϢⷽǿ󣬱˲֪飬嶨Ȼǵһʱ֪ġ
ͬʱ˫ӳڣ˫Ӵվ˫ӹߴңԶʣǱߣһֻʨӣޡ
ӷ磬ܵ۵ĵ̽۵ɱһۻҲӰȻԱλãͱֱ۽ҪԶˡ
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ӷ磬֪һֱװ죬һװװˣ·
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ӷı˴ǧֱӾվͨڵıԵѾɢ˻֣˵λлҵдˡôҲ֪ҸճؾɱһͨʵеˣȻؼ˯ȥˡбµĻңںĴ½ݡ
ӷţȥ˫ӴѽûѪ


2935 磬ᣡ
ųӷˣ˫ǲˬϾôڳӷֵ£ܶ໹Լ£ԼֵܽʲôģӷʬεĻ˫ϰףħͶģ˵ȥѽ
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ӷһֱڰǻԪ磬۲Ļ˫Ӵۻаգأ˫Ӵۺǲˬ
ڣ˫Ӵ۽ǻԪ֮Ҳŵڶֵİŵģ˫Ӵ۵ϣȵԼҪĶ֮󣬾ͿɱˣǸʱҲҪȥǧаսʤ۵ġ
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ڳӷ˵ҪΪǿħϴǧ˫Ӵ۶Կ˫Ӵ˵Ϊһ۵ĴڣҪҵҪĶȥǳҸӶԿ˫֮䣬ԼĴ㣬ֻ˫ӴҪʲôų˷ħ֮⣬е֪ˣ
磬Ȼħħ嶼Ѿȥ˰ǻԪ磬磬ʱҲûΣյģȻҲҪˣ˵ٴνһĴ½һǽĵ½أȫһ𣬳ΪһĺĴ½
˾ͽ˺Ĵ½λãʱг򣬳˵˫ӴۻɱֻϹҸ佣֮󣬳ۻҪ˽밢ǻԪ磬ԣ۸ûʱȥġ
֮ǰǻԪЩͨǰ𶯸ըһʹĳ˸ΪϹҸ佣ڰǻԪ£ȫֻг۶һ㶼ģ˵һվ˳֮⣬ϷİǻԪ硣

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˵ӣӦ֪ѪⲢǵˡ
ƿ˳һۣǸѽõʨ˫Ӵ۶η㵱ȻԲˣǰǻԪȫɱҲɵֱӶ㶯ֵģЩ˵ʵ޵ģ˲㶯ǵѡ񣬵ⲢǶѽ
ʨԵĻ
ǵˡ
һ仰Ʋ֪ΪΣص˿
ǵǵˣǾԼˣѵ˵ϹҸ佣ûסչȥãͱͻˣǸʲôң
ûѽҲ̫ûˣ̫ʧˣΪôʲôΣƴսģȥǸңû뵽
һ£ѽϹҸ佣ͻˣӦŶѽֻһ⣬ֻһѽ
Ѫ⡣
һѪ⿴ȥôϤѵǡ

뵽ӷ磬ʮǰѪ⣬ּϤ뿪ʮѵǳӷ
ûӷˡ
˵˫ۣȫ˳ֲۣȥš
ӷ粻Ӧڱ𣬲ӦںĴ½ʲôʱܵǻԪȥˣһǸմӰǻԪġ
үү˵ǵأ
үүǴӦֺܿͻġôүүûƭɡ
ʱѪѾ˳ǰѪɢȥΥ˵ĳӷ磬ɻǸʮǰһӵĳӷ磬Ŷһĳӷ磬˵ǰ
أǵػˡ
ӷ磬𣿡
㣿
˶е㲻̫Լ۾ǰȷǳӷѽȴʮǰĳӷ磬ʮ꣬һ仯ûУԼЩˣΪһôĵزٶ仯ģˣˣӷ磬ȴǸʮǰһ
ˣᡣ
ӷûκεķϻڱ˵ǹʮ꣬ԼԣҲôˣϸմӰǻԪӷɲ˷ʱ䣬Ҫһش顣
˶ųӷԼ߾ɳӷڵı䵭ûʮããֻһָվһɱ¾̬ȣǺܲˬƵġ
ھʱӷʵ֣еҪ㣬Ҳһɡ
ңڵ㣬ӦòҪʲô˰ɡղڰǻԪ磬ɱ˲˰ɣӦøϺ˫ӴۼˣȴȫˣӣѾǧõĺܺˡ
Щ飬ûеô򵥡ȻҹȥɱһҲʶǻԪ磬еҪǿĶࡣ
ʶǺõġϾǴǧ֮ףǿǱȻģҲö롣
ҷӦĻ¾ͻزˡ
Ŷزˣѵֵܵסǧ򣿡
ǧȷû˵ֵסȴҳ֮ǰȽҸɱˣһˣչȥһԳ̣ǻԪ˳ָ


2936 ǿߣ
̣֣ۻһӡûУ˵ڰǻԪʱûָţ۶ٻеӡģû뵽ӷһ˰ǻԪ磬ȻǼһ⻹治֪أ̫ùˡ
սһڣȫ˳˻֪ǻԪӷ΢֪һ㣬ٶ԰ǻԪǱߵǿˣǾӦýǻԪǿ֪ˣɲԼ˵ʱ˴
ôӰ
ӷ˫֮һɨϹƢʲôʱӦվǰѽڻƴţֲˣϹҾͻԵĸӵۣûӰѽ
˵ӷ磬֮ǰ־ѾϹҸ佣밢ǻԪˡ
ӷһ㶣һڵĳۣҲзĴ㣬˵Ѿȥ֪ӦȥˡǸ̫Σգ˹ȥһµġ
ڰɡȥ֮ǰʨѾǽΪ۷塣֮ǼҲȥġȻѾˣǵʱǾһȥɡǬ˵
ǬãǱܳôȥĻһȥֻ֮ʵǰɣڰǻԪǱߣźܶͨͨÿһͨ˫Ӵ۶رأǵ˽밢ǻԪ硣ȻҲ֪Ҹ佣һ£ղ˵˭佣
ǵġҲǵʨ佣ҵһǿʵ壬佣Ѿˡ
ΪһǻϢӣҲȻѽӦ׼ģȻô׾Ͱ͹ȥ
֣ڰǻԪǱߣǲˣ
۴һ˵ʲôţԼȥģҲֻǰһѶѡ޷ԱĻǾǱ߰ɡ
˵ɳӷڳ˶ûȥϹҸ佣Ȼ֪ڰǻԪǱûаţǬǣȻվסŵģԼջһ̣ҪԼȥǻԪˡ
ɼȻ۲˵ʲôӷҲȥʡ
ܸǼ£ȻѾȥΪİȫ˹ȥǻغϵġȻǲܹȥģΪڸղţѾ˫Ӵ۴ˣɱٵֻҪٴγڰǻԪ磬˫Ӵһ֪Ǹʱ򣬲޷ڰǻԪߣȥˣҲΣյġ
ʵ룬ܶ˫Ӵ۵עȻˣڰǻԪ緢չ𣿡
룬ɵûõġڵʵڰǻԪǱûһĻͲܷչңǧ򣬿ιȥҲܻŻˡҲҪģιȥҵʶһǿߡ
ӷ˵ۣ꣬ʵ֣ǸָǲǸ˵ˣ
ָ˵ǲųħʦڶСӣ
֪һôˣϾҸֻһ棬˽⣬ҵĵһӰҲǺܴ֡
˼Ѿˣ
ţֻʶһǧҲûΪҡ
Ϊ㣿ҶָӳȷǸС˼ˣʲôֶΣΪɣ
ν֪Īӷһôˣ˲ȫ˽⣬ѵۻ˽ƾǧָΪѵ
С°ˣ˵СֶΣΪֵܡ
硣
иң˼Ҳָ֪ģڰǻԪ磬ʮţѽ˵ֽİǻԪ磬˫Ӵ֮⣬ָǵһɳӷȴ˵ָΪֵܣֱ֣Ǻεȵ˷ָѽǳ۸ָͬһʱ
ҲǿЦһ֪˵ʲôָ飬Լ뿪ǻԪôãǲԿ϶ЩָʵӦñȵҪ߳࣡
ȻãǾһ°ɡղŲ˵ڰǻԪûǸָͲ𡣡
˵ҿָǸˣеֻǸ˵ʵˣûһûУǵİǺֻܴҪǿеʱְһѡ
ְܳôһѾܲˣǱ߱Ͼ磬ѵ㻹һ첻ɡ
ҲûҪһ죬ûֱɱ˫ӴۣǿɲǼ򵥵顣˵ЩͷۻĴƴ˼ܲһԿϷɣҪϷҲҵѽǺڰǻԪǱ̡
ǧ򣬻𣿡
ҲֻҸ˵ˣսǵҸǿҲûõѽ
˵˵ȥСӲ̵ȥԼѡɣ֮һȥ
֮һѽǻ治٣һӶ˵㡣
СӵҪǲҪҪȻԼˣʣµԼ취͹ȥûϵˡ
ѽʲô㷴Ҳûʲôҵ˼ǣھٶࡣʵأֻҪܸ˾͹ˣҲһѽһǿҿĳ˰ǻԪ磬Ҳˡ
ðɣӷиңûˣ
˵ʵڻ治ʺϻذǻԪ磬Ǳߵ飬Լ취ɡ
ӷ绹ͲˣڰǻԪǱû
˵үүѾˣ
ӷͻȻôһ䣬е˶ԼүүˣôһоûƵġ
ˡڱʱħϮѾˡ
ҸջоүүϢ֪ѾˡȴܸоĵһϢĴڡ
ӷ粢ûеʲôʵڸճصʱ򣬳ӷѾоһֺϤϢˣֻǲǻ˵ϢǻϢ
֪ӷһ֪ˣԶɽûȫŻ壬͸ɷһֻҪ廹ڣǾͲˡ£òҪ֪ˣ
Сӣ˵˰죬ڰǻԪǱҪҸʮô
ʮ壡
ӷʵЩʲô壿
ʮ壬Ҳǰʮļ壬԰ΪףһŮ𡣡
ЩһٶʲôãΪ壬ڻû˫Ӵ۲ɼЩһֱͷڹ꣬һȺ̰ļһҪá
ں˵Ӳʮ壬̰ˣԼȥɣˡ
ѽ֣һ˵ģһǿߣ
۽Ųһͣתһ۳ӷ磬˫գѵѾ֪ңϼ
ԣڱʱоѾ˵ϼˣʱԼˣӷ֪Լ˵ʲô˼о͸߳ӷ磬Ҫ֪ȥǻԪĵϼ塣
ʱתݺݵһۣҲѾ뵽ʲô̵ͷҿһˡ


2937 ʩԪ磡
Ȼӷ˵ļƻˣߵʱֻ˵һ仰б£ԼȥǻԪ緢ǿߣȥڱ˵ǽǣϴ⣬ûţ
ӷ統Ȼ֪費ˣ֮ѣϾǻԪ˫Ӵ۵ĵ̣ǱߣԼһеģ㻹ǰһʲôܵĻһսǴӮġȻӷҲûָ̫ۻԼֻԼҪʱͿˣһ²ؼ߸߹ӣ㰲˱أԼס˴ǧ򣬿⻹ԶԶѽһҵѵͿԼһȥֲܽգո˵ˡ
ǬǼҪ밢ǻԪҲûȥۣΪڳӷ֮ǰ۾Ѿǰ˸۷ľ磬Ҫ밢ǻԪߣͿԼı£һˡ
ʵǻԪǱߵˣôǿ𣿡
ڰǻԪǿ󣬳ӷǲɷϵģȲ˫Ӵ۸ָ͵˫Щӷ粻ȥӦĻԼʵ˵ǻزˡ
ȻĵطҪˣҲܶҡ˾Ĳǣһÿһ˵ﶼһη壬鷳
˵ǿҲǿܽĻǾǿǿߣҲҪΪáȻҰֲ˸ǣǽͿˡ
ӷʱȥǻԪ磬˫ӴǱ߿һʱ͹ȥȻֱӱ˫Ӵ۴ŵģļˣҲܹȥҪһʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣӷҲʲôʲô
˽Ҫ밢ǻԪ֮⣬ˣȳȥɡ
ӷѾʲôƻļƻȴ̫֪
ƸƵһʱͷӦ˹ǸʦҲ໥һۣĸˣǴӳӷĻʲôƵģԵʮֵСġ
ȲǼ˵˵ȻھŴҪǼҲҪˡҶȥɣø㻹ûн밢ǻԪ磬Ҳֹͣ
˵꣬ƶԶɷʹһɫ񷶦̾ͻ⣬˶ȥˣʣµģֻҪ밢ǻԪİ˸ˡ
ߵſڣɷʵǲʲôԾĵط
Ƶ˵ͷٿ˿ΧſֻʣԼ񷶦ˣ˵˫Ӵ۲ɵϣܽħȫǻԪģߣһ̽ӣʱ㱨ߵ
˵⣬ɷֱǰߣڳڣӷȴƸղŵĻ˵˫Ӵһ˶磬ǾͲܻ֪ߵߵĶһ֪֮£ͻʮֵı˵һôûеġ
˵˼ǣ˫ӴǵУ˼ϸ
ţҸһأȥ˰ǻԪ磬ͨڵǺܴģԼɱʱ򣬴Χͬķ򣬿ٵ˫Ӵ۵ӿ֤˫ӴǸʱӵϢ֪˽˰ǻԪ磬ȴȴңӦǰҸ佣
ӷ磬ڰǻԪɱ˫Ӵ۶
˵Ҳһ򡣡
ʲôɱôˣ˫ӴҪѪˡշҹûס㡣ڽǻԪ֮ûн磬ԭ֪ģһη˰ֵʵηĴǧҲΪˣŻסͨǵ˽밢ǻԪġһȥɱ˫ӴǶˣ͵ֱӸ˫Ӵۣǻٹȥġ
̿ųӷ磬ԼѾʮˣɳӷȴʮǰӣָо˵Ĺ졣
ĵľ㡣֮ǰҲûô࣬ȻȥˣȻҪ͵˫Ӵ۵ģȴû뵽˫ӴۻɳôǻԪʱ䣬ѾͬˣҲ˵֮ڣǲȥǻԪ磬Ҫ˫ӴǱиǲܹȥȥˣģ۰Ҹ佣һоǵϢȻǰ֧Ԯôġ
ιȥӦ֪˰ɣ
ţ϶֪ˣӦòֻ֪ˣΪڰǻԪ磬϶ᵽҵģҲĵĵڶ㡣
˵ϹҸ佣һ佣Ƚ侲ǲϹģҲ˵ֻҪ佣޷϶ڵλãǰȫġ¾£˫Ӵۻð㣬
µĵҲûеȴ֪ϹҸ佣Ѿһħᣬ˫Ӵͳļ幤ᣬ˫Ӵ벻ĵˣȻ֮У㻹ҵġ
ôھ͵ʲôûҴȥ˵Ҹ佣һͬģҪ˫Ӵ۵ļϸ֪˻ڰǻԪˡҲһ£ʱʱɰҸ佣ӣϼȦ
»ûġǲҪһ£ºȥ˰ǻԪ磬Ǹôչ˵
Ѿ뷨ˣвеͨɡϾҲһ˶õʱʲôͬģ˵
Ƶ˵ͷӷ˵Ǵ㣬ôȥǻԪ֮뾡һа취밢ǻԪϴһЩУЩУǿ֮ˣͬʱЩ˫Ӵ֮䣬зƣðǻԪ˫Ӵ۷Ŀû˫ӴΪεǾͿֱӶҡ˫ӴڰǻԪĸ
˵עǲҪʵ·ǳѡһǵʵħᡣǻħǻԪЩνأڶȻҪ˫Ӵ۵ǶȻ˫Ӵ۵˽ӴıȽ϶࣬УҲһħ⼸ˣɶǸħЩһģһ֣Ǿ·һ
˵ڽ밢ǻԪ֮ǰһħĻȵ˰ǻԪ磬ҲðƴķɱˣñǵӣֻҪݸλۣͲ׵¶ţһ¶ţǼҪ֧Ԯ鷳Ҫϵ޷С
ӷ˵Ѿ˰ǻԪħҪµʱ䣬㹻ôתħˡڹȥ֮󣬰ǵķ⣬ҲֻǼˣϾÿһһģҪ໥֧Ԯ˼ǲ̫ܣ
˵ҾѾΨһķˣķҲһҪáֱɡ
ţǾôˡУСѣһñҲܹȥˣȻѾˣҿĳѾͷĺܣԽؼʱ̣ԽˣԽ׻¡
ףҲȥֻǡ
ˡ
ϳǼܽ˳ӷʵʲô£

һ˵ѾͷòֱȥǻԪ˰ɣ
ѽס˶Ѿͨˡ
ղôû鷳ˣ
һ£ǱԼȥ𣿡ӷʵΪӷãʵȻǿûĻԼʵͨǲħ
ϳ˵ղǾͿ͵ʨʨһߣͳ򰢱ǻԪˡ
ʲô
ӷ໥һۣʵ᲻ǰ֡
⻹ʣһȻǰȥģǾͲõˡ
ģܲǲ֪ʮЩʲô
İɡղ˵ĻѾϣȻû˵ҪңȴñȹȥˣһñȥϵǻԪǱߵˣ벻µġڴҺǰ˼ȷתħϰɣתħȥǻԪ磡


2938 ˫Ӵ۵ĶԲߣ
ڽ밢ǻԪϣӷ粢ûκεӣΪӷһ̫ˣ밢ǻԪ練ױ¶¾ֻа˸ˣҪϢĽ밢ǻԪ磬ҲǼ׵顣
ϹҸ佣밢ǻԪʱڰǻԪǱ߶ϵģڳӷҪͬʱͰ˸˽ȥͣԣвĳ̶ϣ¾ҪϹҸ佣ʱҪѵĶˡ
ڣӷٻµʱ취ǰ˱ҪתΪħгӷߴħҲǼ̫ѵ飬ֻҪԼӰͿˡ
ڴͬʱǻԪ緽棬˫ӴҲɵӣȻ뵽ӷĴţӷҲֻܵǻԪɱһˣһôûС
뽫ս磬ǾͱڰǻԪ磬Ҳ˵Ϳ˭ȿȫˣȫֵˣȻܿս
˫ӹ֮ڣħ˫Ӵ۵ǰֵĺܻţ˫ӴҪ飬ڶһͷûУħ֪˫Ӵ˫֮ǿƢǰҪĶ࣬һСģԼɾ·һġ
ڣħ˫Ӵ˵ǿÿɲãʱ򣬵ʱħֻħһ޷ӰǻԪߵǲ̫ȥԲܷħεʧܣʱħûɱ
ʱѾͬˣħѾ˫Ӵۣ˫ӴⰢǻԪ֮ģһ£ǰսʱ򣬷ħӲܳκεĴһԼûüʱ򣬾ֻ·һˡ
˫ӴӰǻԪ֮󣬾ħȥѰҼҲڰǻԪңǧңɵڣħǿֶ飬ɳȥˣȫǿֶ顣
ħѾܶλˣȴһһεñʧ˵˵ɣһΣʲôڣ
ħɫǳ԰ףκεѪ˿ˣȥ˫Ӵһۣ˫ӴһƽħҲֻǵͷȥ
ˣ£ʵѾˣҪЩ֮⣬λҲѾɳ˴ȥѰңȴûҵ
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£ȥǧѰҡ
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ǣǣ˻ʲôԸ
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½壬½ΪӴҲ˫Ӵ۵ţ˵˫Ӵһġ
ɴȥԼҪĶӦһ仰飬ܿϧ˫Ӵ۲̫֪ܽԼˣҲҪŵ㣬ǰǻԪˣ˫ӴҲзħȥˣħǴģڰǻԪ磬ڴǧĺܶ飬һǻԪ֪½壬֪˫ӴҪѰҵʲôǶȻ뵽ʲôġ
˫Ӵ۲ðգκˣпܶԼĵλΣգǱߵˣӲҿ϶ңǱ߳շʮ֮⣬᲻ļ壬Ҳ壬˫Ӵ۵ߣûмϸڣԣ˫Ӵ۲ðգκ֪ԼҪѰҵʲô
ħ¿ɼˣԼȥ½ѡˣȴֲ֪Ѱѽ
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ħ¿ˣ˫Ӵ۲ҪԼȥ˵ģҪԼȥܵģһ£˫Ӵ˼һûаãҲͲûŻȥˣ֮ܰˣ󣬶Ҫɱˡ
˫Ӵۿ湻ݵģԼţһļҪɱ˵ӷݶʵⷽ棬˫Ӵۿɱȳӷݶˣ
ǣˣϾȥ졣
סɲеô򵥣һݸλģԽɱԣһЩûݸλ˰ɡ
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ħȥ˫Ӵ۳ҪĶԸ۸ӷ֮⣬Ҫ緽档
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ۣǱߵ̽ӴϢڳӷȥ֮緽棬ûڰǻԪˡ
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Ӧڳӷ֮ǰѾȥˣǵ̽ڳˣһϹңһ佣
ߣˣڰǻԪĻ㱾۽ǻԪ׳죬ҲҪǸҳɱ
˫Ӵ۶ڳӷЩˣνʹЩһһսսûܽɱɼ˫Ӵ۶£ҲǹڻģϹҸ佣ڰǻԪ磬˫ӴۿὫǻԪ׳죬ҲҪϹҸ佣ҳ
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ۣӷջȥҲѾȥˡɱôˣڶʱ֮ڣǲˡ
ţӷǸˣ㱾۾ͬˣǲ֪ģԣڶʱڣҽ밢ǻԪ硣Ҳӷʲô²ĻӦѾƻˣֻʱһͻٴν밢ǻԪ硣
۵˼ǣһһֱɱ𣿡
ͬ飬ΣҲͬ鷢ӷֵģҲɱ¾ıơһΣضӱߵֵġ
۵˼ǣӷֱӴҵע⣿
ܣϾڻ֮УǱ۴ֵµǿߣΪ֪ǿߣȫڻ֮УӷҪӱߵ֣ΨһĿԾǣ۵˫Ӽˡ
˫ЩǿߣɽЩˣ˫Ӵ۵ıǴӾɻǱɹģ˫ӴǲɱҲֻΪȹԼĽɽˣĺͬʱҲܽЩڻңԼ˫Ӽ壬˫ӻе£ɽ᲻֪ǰҲѾ߹ۻˣ
֮ûеǿߣȫ˳˫ӳǣڳû۵κˣýǰ벽۵뿴ӷôҵע⡣
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⣬Ϊֹңӷϵ˸ҿǡǰѾصңʮҲ˹ȥңȴһ㶯ҲûС治֪嵽ڸʲôûңֺ˴Ľü巽󱾵ۣҪ濭ĵһɱ壬ɱĵλ
󵱣ʵüڵѾԶԶڿ֮ˣβ
Сʱ򱾵ֱӷ壬ļ壬ͻ뷨סü巽棬ʱʱĸǵôǧҪκεĳŵ˵ۻῴ׼ʱǽüλĻᡣҪǣǽüĹᣬܷңһ˺һСС˺Ҳʮġ
˫Ӵ֪ңòöԸԼǰˣȻֻܻԼһΣ˫Ӵ޷֤ң᲻ỹǿߣûģ
ʵ֮ʵ֮󣬸۽ͨȫǧ֮أ۵뿴û˿֮ͨ£ӷ磬Ҳֱӹ


2939 ֣
ڣӷڰ̵תħԼħͨǵڣԴȾÿһڵȻٽÿһ˵תΪħ
һӷ綼ûֹͣ˵Ҳ˺ܴдǧЭ³ӷͲܰĵͬһʱ˸תħ
£ÿһ˵Ѿ˱죬ʮֹŹ֣ʼ츳תͨ츳֮󣬲ܵħ
ܶ飬Ȼûٳɵģڹؼʱ򣬾ǲܵ飬ҲҪɿܡ
ûκ˸ҽŵģһû˸ţû֪ӷڳʲôһǸϸ֪ˣ˫ӴȻҲ֪ˣڳӷ˵һóûС
ڽ죬⣬һˣûõӷ֮½ģ˵ĳ֣óӷʮֳԾϾڱʮʱ䣬ڳڲӷ綼֮Ҫǰתħûʱȥѯʳ˵ˡ
أһҲɣ
ľȻҶ˷磬һǰħˣҲ˫Ӵ۵ˣȴ˳ӷȻǽôģЩһǸʲôԵġ
ڱ𵺵ʱҶҸվڳӷߣԳӷǸӵ˽⣬ԸӣһˣֻҪлᣬͻΪԼǣԲĳΪ˵µġ
Ҷ˷磬㵨ӿ治Сڱ𵺵ʱûɱôӣû뵽
ӷȻһתҪҶ˷֣Գӷڵʵ˵ֻҪ֣Ҷ˷Ǳ
Ҫᡣ
ֹסӷ磬ϾʮҶҸӵΪѾ֤ǵĹ齵֮ģ㲻齵ǸҲûطȥģ羡ˣѵǻȥǻԪͶ˫Ӵ۲ɣǸʲô
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ʮˣΪսԴΪսԺΪսʮ˵ÿһˣ˲ٵҲս˲ٵˣɵҶҸӣҪκζԳ˲飬෴öΣΪ˴ħӪȳ˵㱻ħɱЩɶǳÿһġҶҸʮֻſƵĻǵݼҲδ̫˵ɣƺüζǸӵ̽óĽǣǸӶˣѾȫȫͶ˳ˣҲѾûǰԴ˽ܶµʱ򣬶Ϊ룬ԼҲ޷˵ġ
ƵĻӷ绹ǴΪԾѵ⸸ӶˣǱ𣿿ַһ룬ֵز־ƣǸӶͶ˵Ļ֮󣬴ǧ֮󣬶ǵ֮
Ҷ˷磬εж
ȻƶѾѻ˵ˣ˲ɣ˲ãӷҲ˵ǰ顣ɹεжǲ˿ģһһ⣬¹ȥǻԪȫû
Ҷ˷粢ûκεĳŵɳӷȴ֪һǰԴҪӵһɫŪĻҶ˷粢⼸֮£ܶ෽棬ҪǻҪ
ڽսУǳ˷ƻҶ˷ָ˵Ҳ֮ܵˡһεжǶƻ˵ȷ޺ģɳӷҲòСһ£֪Ҷ˷ǰ黹ûʲô뷨ɲҪؼʱ̣ͻȻǿɾ鷳ˣ
㲻ĻļƻɹʸĻǾӦ֪ҵļ룬ļƻ˵ǰһġ
ô֪ҵļƻ
룬ʱֻҪеӵˣܲµʲôɡң˫ӴǱߣҲһѾµˣҲһ׼ˡ
ȷӷļƻǺѲ£ҲΨһеļƻȴǳðա
ӷ翴һƸǣɣͬʱ˵ͷӷ֪Ҷ˷ļ룬ɹĻʵȷߺܶ࣬ӣԼûɾܾˡ
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ѵ㲻ãҸľصļ룬ɹĻʻ𣿡
Ҷ˷һʣӷ绹ãļ룬ɹĻʵȷټһĻǳɹĻʾͻˣֻϧʮǰѾӷˣ
˼ǰĵˣھȻΪսѡˣľأҲˣڲôģɡ
ৡ
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ǣľһڳģһˣ˵ĳ̵֣ȫۡ
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Ǭһŭǳ˼棬ۺѽ
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ϷҪ֣ɳȴһ㶼ţ˵ߴħͬ壬ôĻܷ
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ӷϸһ³ƣʮǰڱ𵺾ɱԼļһȴǡ
ˣҲ°
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ӷ磬ΪүүĻҲûлֵţǲмɱһ޸֮֮˵İɣ
ӷЦһڳԶɽĻ廹ڣȻԼҪɱģɾͲˣľҲض·һóӷ֪ǰ̳˵Ļ壬ҲǼȮģ


2940 ̸
ӷ磬һﺦүүɱΪүү𡣡
һĻƽףǰѾ޴Ļƽ𳤽ҪƣһҲѾǸˣֶضûУɱˣͲ֪ҪҪٵʮˡ
ʮ˵ǣʱ޿̶ҵƣΪԶɽ𣬵һľʮͺ˰㣬ӰҲȻˣõĻᣬܴ˵ǳѾǸˣʵڣгӷڳҲ·һġ
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̿ӷ˵ľʣ֮䣬ܷüֱ仯
ԼЩˣۿųԶɽģһʵѽɳӷȴ˵Զɽû⵽ôһ£
ûʱǽ͡ǻԪǱߵļƻҪġܼӴƻĳɹʣǾҵĵ˺Ҳһüͷġ
ʵ벻ͨӷбҪ𣿾ԶɽûǼľؿԼЩѽӷɱûɱ֣ڻҪľغҲδ̫˵ȥ˰ɡ
Ҷ˷ûľ룬Ҿ˳
ѸϷҲվ˵ɱǾͲˣǡҲ˳
վŮߵģ˵Ҳ˳
ðɣһ£Ҫ˳ˣɲûиŮվһ𣬷͵ĸŮ˶Ҫ˳ˣ
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ɡ
ӷ֪ⷽ棬ɻǱȽģûиһվԣӷʾɺúøǼŮ˵˵
ڳӷ磬Ҳûվһ̶ϣϾӷϴһھʹӦûлˣ㵽ʱľʲôȻ׿ڴӦǼģҲֲѽ
Ҷ˷翴˳ӷ˼˵ľأơӦ֪ڵңѾһˣѾ˳ˣ͵ǳ˵һӣϾˣȻôļ룬ǵļƻ׳ɹʲô֤Ϊؼʱ̣ᵹתǹͷأ
ľظҶ˷ģҶ˷Ȼ֮ǰѾľ̸ˣֻڿɲҶ˷˵㣬ľظƱҪȱǵ̬ȣǵӷŻͬļ롣Ҷ˷֮˵ڸľظƣô֮ǰ˵Щٸӷ˵һ飬ֻҪӷͷͺ˵ˡ
ľ⼸ǾĸƵģҶ˷绰е˼
ӷ磬֮жôãӵ򵽾ģӾĵģ˵һֱǶǵˣȴҲûдģĶ֣Ӧ֪˵ʨԭ֮⣬Լһݹǡ
ӷ統ʱɱľأΪ֪ľһǳںܶ෽棬ʵľضȳӷ㣬ӷҲǺģУŻὫ죡
ϻͲ˵ˣֱ˵ɡҿȰѳ˵ǰͷΪҲ֪˫Ӵ֮Ĺϵôȥô֮ĹϵûаëǮϵҪģֻǼƻĳɹ飬Ҳܡ
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˵ûҲ˫ӴϵĽףͬʱʨҲϵĽףҲľܻ֮ҪԭΪںܶʱҶ
㻹ǸҷԴĺ֣Ȼͬһʱ䣬Ϊ
ڣҲΪֻҪܸС
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кβɣȻҪģܸҡֶõļֵνһУ㣬Ӧò᲻ɡ
Ҫ֪ҪԸģ˫Ӵָۣ˫ӴŽףܱ֤㵽ʱң
ҵȷ˫Ӵף֮ϣҲ˵ҰԸҸ˫Ӵ֮ĽǰëǮϵûеģֻ顣ֻҪӦҪĶҾͻᾡһеȥԸУκεĳΪ㣬ǻԼ档
˵˵Ҫʲô
Ҫģʵܼ򵥡ؽ壬ͳ磬ҲڵҵҰģɴɲ󣬴Ļܾˣǧ磬Ҳ֤ԵסɴĻֻҪһ͹ˡȻҪһ磬Ĵڣ˵Ǵǧ֮еҪ磬ҾͱӵǿֻҪ³֮󣬽ߴħȫң⣬Ҫġ
ӷ翴ľصһ˵ģһ㶼ΥѽҪҪˣҪСġɳӷʶľôã᲻֪һڴʲôע⣬Լ뷨ȸԼԼȥʲôˣֻҪԼ룬ͻļƣʱһУֻΪҰġ
ȻľʵӷǿһھʹӦģΪʲôΪľҪģߴħĽ壬ӷȻӵߴħȴܽߴħΪһѽľʧߵĵطΪӷ缤ס˴ǧ򣬾ܽߴħǴشˣ
ֻҪûܽߴħϣʱ봫㣬Ҳˡ
ӷ簵һЦľѽľأӦ˵̫߹ԼˣӦ˵̫߹أ
ãҴӦ㡣
ӷһӦھֱ϶ľؼ롣
أӷûӦҲġ
һٲҿɱס

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ӷ磬Ӧ֪ÿһˣļֵڡȻѾǸˣڰǻԪ磬õġ
ʲôã
Ϊǰļ̳ˡ
壿۵ļ壿
ûȻҲ֪ʮ壬ڵʨֵ£ڳƣҲԳΪƵУȴһʨ֪ҪǼ㣬˫Ӵۣõģ֣ܶһ˫ӴͶһв
Ŷʲô
ƣӦóΪˣ
˵


2941 
뵱ӷںʱ͵õһҴڤȥˣǸΪҹľһҲǺӾްҹġû뵽һȫµƣһǰǻԪǱߵ
˵۵ģһε۵أûǰӵеģ˵ǰӵеģȻǰˡɼȻҲ˵ͬҲѽӷʨӴۣҲһƾʲôͿԿһҴӦҵļƻأΨһĶ۶֪ĶӷͲˣ
ַһ룬ľصΪʲôҪվڰߣҲǵʱĳߣҪһ𡣿ڣѾǸˣһõļֵûˣľز˳ң֮ܽȫħȫɢȥҲضľذģǵСôܽȫħȫɢȥԼһˣ
ľҲһԿѽȻڳӷֵ³ԹٿˣȴԿ룬ڳ۸˫Ӵ֮ҷԴ᲻Ϊһסһˣһüֵأƨ붼֪ǲܵġ
˵˵Ӧʲôر֮
ΪһĻӷҲһ¾ͽԼȫ˵ֻ˵۵ûʲôô֮⣬ŴҲȫҸ׵ֵ£ҹȥ֮󣬽ǽˣ
ƲмһЦ˵ӷ磬Ϊκһۣӵ뷨ΪʲôҪֱ۱ˡνģһۣеۡҰ棬ǵһεۣҰ֮ÿһεۣûӵйΪҰ֮ǰͽղۣ֪Ĵڡ
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ֻһҲ˵һģ͸ǧһģ
⣬ӷȤҲףľΪʲôҪ°ˣеģҲǰΪȡóӷΣΪ˵õԼҪľɷһһش
˵ȻǵǾͱӵżûеĶȨƣǧ򣬾͵յȨƣӣ͵еӴӡɶһ˵ȨƸ֮⣬ӵһǾȨʹ۵Ȩһ𣬲õͳδǧ磬򣬾޷ȫմǧ磬κһ緢ң޷ڵһʱ䷴ӦĽϣĸ磬ܵĿƣҲ˵ǧһ𣬾͵һܽǧѺ֮ڣȱһ͵ǳһ©ڳһȱڣˣʱԴȱܵġ
˵꣬ӷ練Ƿڵ˫Ӵۣһûдǧ򣬶ûûۣǧͳߣעõġһ˫ӴȵõǾˡӷ粻֪ǣ˫Ӵ˵ʲôҵģֻ᲻أ
˫ӴҪҵĲһǺü˵Ҫ룬۸ӷԿҪ֮ȻͲˣڣ˫ӴҲֻ֪ǧ򣬶һ㶼֪ġӷ粻ӦðƼԼļƻĻľҲգȥҪߴħĽʱǺһĻ˫ӴǱҲһġľظղž˵ˣԼõһ˫Ӵ۵õǾԼһв
˫Ӵ۶ԼвľظвԼھԼԼ˼ļƻԣǾͽ͸˫Ӵۣ
ѹôֱôͲһܾǡ
ӷ磬ɲ˵Ȼǽ㣬ǾĴġҲûƭ㣬ΪǸûҪǣҲһôûеġ
ľأӷ粻Ҫ̫࣬ɰƣӷҪúˣϾǸˣȥǻԪʩмƻǵǴ˸׸ǻԪǱ߿ûͨѽһ֣ɲС
ľ˵ӷ磬㲻õİƵļƻ鷳ҿţµġҵвǻԪЩǿߣŪͷԣŰǻԪǱܱȵĹҵģҲӦûɡ
ľأӹˡȻܱ֤⣬ҲûʲôˡʲôʱңֱҰҪ
˵ֱǰܵõĻҲûҪ˵ôˡֻһ֪ʲôطˣүүμҲ֪ҵ꽫صʲôطȥˡ
ŵˣҲ̫ǺðɡԼҵļƻˡȥǻԪ֮ǰһǼһ໥֮䣬ÿ̽
ӷˣһûУǳӷ񲻳ɵˣ


2942 鷳
תۼ䣬ϹҸ佣ǻԪҲѾˣħҲѾһˣΪָԽܵģɲҵϹҸ佣ħ֮ǰסһʱ䣬дķǳãϱ˵ҲʮֵСģΪ໹ϹҸ佣ĿУָ֪䣬ָܽؼĻɣ彫֮䣬ΪǻԪĵһ壬ħᣬҲΪһᡣ
ϧǣϹҸ佣Ͳָ֪䣬ɾ㲻֪Ҳû˵ڣ佣һЩдǣס࣬Ҳû˵Լ˲ֻ֪˼ϣ˵ָñ֪ˡ
ָĴʼˣ佣ĿУμΪˡˣʹһֱ룬ʮͷСӣ׸ָʲôϵ˭ָѧҲоǶ˵ħѽ˵ˣָΪڶħʦҲʮħʦΨһһûչѧħʦ˵ָħʦĺְܲѽ
˵ϹҸ佣ָˣǾ͸ˣָˣȫ壬ϹʵǶסѯˣ֮£Ȼ˵Լ˸ָ֮һ֮ʮͷСӣǳΪԼĳˡ
佣ʱƲͷԼ˿ɻҪȥԱ֤Լʵû֮ǰȫģɲҪһ֮嶼ˣǾ̫ˣǾǿҪྡ콫Լ˰Žħᣬȥִи
ⲻһ磬ϹҸ佣һմִصĲ壬ħᣬ岻ͬһطȴͬһ֮ڡ
òϣǵǷǳߵģոսǣǶһĻһүִΪƵġ
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ص֮һˣڻ᳤λϣӭŻĳԱҲǴδй飬С񣬾ȻҪ鷳᳤ӭӵģܶ˶֪Ϊ̫ѣҲΪ̫ںЩԱֻΪȥִĳԱУָԽܽġ
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ֵܣǧ˵˼ҿпɽģ˵⿿ɽС᳤ηѽ
˶֪ϹҶ˽빤ָı֣ԣǶ˽˿ǲѽܶ˲²⣬ǲʲôǿߣ˫س
ʵʱϹҸ佣е죬ʲôʱܹѽΧЩ񣬶ԽԼɱˡ
᳤ˣʵֵҲȥѡĹͣԱġ
Խ˵࿴ͻԽװƣָĿɽǻװʲôװѽѵһ᲻֪û𣬿ɾ֪أָϣøģҪ
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ཫӴ򿪣ڷżСıʯİ׹⣡
ϹҸ佣ôıʯȻǲԾģЩԼҲˣ
˿ǱʯĶͲǱʯһħҩħҩʦƳģħħҩħҩĳɫС˵ҲǿһǧħɣһǧħЩǿ˵ʲôɶЩ˵ϹҶһȥִĳԱ˵ֱǱѽ
Ʒħҩɣ᳤ȻóƷħҩΪһǽȫ͵ļһ⣬⡭
ħҩһΪƷԽߵģǿħԽ󡣰˵ε񣬸ͻֲħҩģһƷħҩҲܻάΪεֻAģ׼ÿһħᣬӶţҲеȼֵ֮ģΪABCDEFȼAΪ׼ǽһǮˣӦ˵ǽңڰǻԪĽǮΪͭңҸͣܶ߼ħģħҩǮ򲻵ġ
ϹҸ佣ոռᣬĳԱһȥִһͼ񣬻ûģȴһ˵õһƷħҩ˭ˣۺѽ
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᳤ҿⶫͦصģǻûʸõǽ˰ɡ
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ϹҸ佣֪鷳ˣǲԲƬԶˣǹģԼ˸սᣬͽȫˣ
߳࣬ͷЦһ˵ĸˣԱһʵðɡϾڽܽġ
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ӢȷǲС鷳ǳ԰׷ǵĿ֧ɲСǽӴ񣬳£Ҳ޷ڽֻҪԼ뿪ǾҺôҺˡ
λӣҲǸǳġߣȥһϵڸʲô


2943 ɽģţ
治֪˵Ǵأ޴ˣɲҲˣָϣڵϣںϹҸ佣ĵȴ޲һ뿪ԼᣬҲֻԼ޾鷳ġ
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Ҳûмֻ㣬ղųҵֵܣҪΪΪصĴۡ˵زˣ˴ɽģš


2944 Ӷţ
ֻϵĳͻ佣ǿ˵ĻɼȻѾ֣֪ǶԷֵ֣֮£佣ʱҲѾˣҲЩһҶԼɱϾԼǵڽģ£Ҳ޷ǵָ
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2945 ɱ
ǲһ߳Уֻ˵嵽ߵĳУҲСˣڰǻԪ磬СĳУκһжҪǧֻڰǻԪЩУǴС˿ھۼĶʮܼͲκεĽԣɴ˿ɼǻԪ˿ڣǷǳģൽκһеĽֵһվȫȺЩȺеÿһˣӵħ֮ͬǰ˵ģûħˣڸճþͻزۣͲȥġ
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2946 ˵ĵˣ
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2947 佣ĺƣ
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2948 䣡
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ѾˣʣˣҪؽӶţҲһʱ̵飬Ҳûϣġľͼ˶ˣһϣûˡ
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ľͼ˵ûԼ뷨ԼЩ飬֮ΪȴΪ֮ˣֵýύģֻϧѽҲѾߵ˾ͷ

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2949 ׷ɱ
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ǺãѡǱߵɳ𡣡


2950 Į
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ÿˣǸҽɳĻǾѰ·ġţȥѡһ·ΧĵطȥƬûеĻͽɢڷԲ֮ɨѰɣҪŵ̫ΪˣǾԲӳڵİﷶΧģҲֻ˵ҵط
ԲΪԼô׷ɱ֮£佣ӵ̫Զһ⸽ҲĻ͵ȣȵ̲סԶҪǵ̵ʲôʱƬĮ֮УһûԵģûȵģϣһƬֲָͬħޣҪôӦ
ʵ佣ڵλãಢǺԶΪĹϵ佣˵Ϣȫ佣ʱҲɵɢԼ¶ġ
Ȼ佣ϹҪħҩתħǸʱ򣬾һɢģҲסħҲҪ̫ģΪĸˣ佣תħʱɢȥֻ佣תɹٶϣܸĸˣ䲻֮䣬ҪƤӵܣӦò̫⡣
˵˵أѵҪõɣҪɱ佣ϹҵģΪ£´˶˲ңϼ壬ǵȻɲǵءԣǲݵģ಻ݵ֮£佣˾㲻ɱҲɡ
ӣ²ý磬תħҲֻȨ֮ƣ취С
֮ڣ佣ϹҰĸ˵ķѾħҩˣڵҲ𽥵תΪħת˵ʵɱȳӷǱҪ׵Ķ࣬Ͼǽħҩģɳӷȴħڰ̼ˣȫͲͬһ¡
ڴ˿Ѿʼۼħĸˣǵ壬ħײԴ佣ϹתʱɢħԱħȥ֮Ҳضᾪĵˡ
ת֮䣬ѾһСʱȥˣ佣ϹҵħҲѾЧֻȽϵװˡ
λѾѾɹתΪħǲˣȵΪֹɡ
ͬΰ㣬գ֮䣬ħѾˣ佣Ϲ˵ǿ˲٣ҲǼ£ΪõģҪĸҪ
վ佣˵лλˡ
αлڿ˵빲ˣл˵ڣ̫ˡˣûλСֵܴأ
ҽ佣Ϲҡ
ĸӶŵĳԱ㣬λСֵѾ֪ˡҽвǣΪ϶ǣĽҰǣǲͬлǵųжľͼҲӶŵĴʼˡ
һҽܣϹȴȥˣ˵ڿɲ˵Щʱ򡣵ȫ棬ҲûԶֻڷԲ֮ǣֻҪһһ˵ķߣܲɣɲǵ硣
˵Ҳ˵ȫˣ
ûĺֵܶ˶ĵҲ޷趨ӳȥ·ߡ
˵һ¡ǵʱǲ˵ǵ𣿡
ϹҸҪ˵ʱҲûҪȥˣԼиƨѽ
佣ȴ˵ΪҲܱ֤ɹɱɽǽ֮ǰѾǵˣһû֣Ǿгȥĳлغϡ
佣ɲԼ˱ĸ˸СˣûҲҪװװӵģӳȥ֮Լʲô̸ϵء
Ȼ佣ҲһζĺƣеģֻûаˣԼ˵֮󣬵ҵӷ֮󣬲
ԭǱûָˣֻĵط
ǼҲʲô佣㼸仰ǾȻû˿ɣȫˣˣҲõģ


2951 ۽
òã¶Ҫģ׷ɱؼ飬һ˷ˣ佣˵ħȫʮҲ·һѽΪμҲǸǳģ˶һΧһ·ûˡ
ϴҲǰ취ѽʱ޵ģʱһͻԶʧģǸʱǾͻȫ¶ڵ˵Ƥӵ¡
Ϲ治֪ڸǺˣʱǳˣƣǸɣֻҪʦһĻһ취ġֻϧһˣֻԼ佣Ҳ֪ӷʲôط
ڴ˿̣⣬һɱ͸¶佣Ϊ֮һ˫һת˽֮⣬ԼµĽ磬Ȼܿġ
ֻ棬ȫΧԴ죬ɽȫɢΧ
áѾˡ
佣е콣һӣȻˣǾֻƴһսˡ
˵ȱ𼱡ǱˣҲֱӳġڵɳһСģͻᾪɳеɳ棬ֲɵӣǲðžɳΣգֱɱġ
ɼȻܲЩħﲼý磬ҲһԵġڱҪ취뿪طС
취ʲôð취ء
Ѿ𽥵Ŀ佣ڵλˣڷԲ֮ڣططѾȫұˣԣƬɳأҪѰ֮Ҳ佣п֮
ԸˣСһ㣬ǧҪɳ棬ȻǾͻ鷳ˡ
µľǽɳɳ澪ϾЩɳֻ̫࣬ҪɳУһ֣ǱضǲС鷳
ǣүү
ɽԸˣעԼĽ£ǧҪɳڵɳ档
ͬʱ˵Ļ佣Ҳʮ
а취ˡ
佣һߣڽѰʲôƵġ
佣ֵܣʲôʵ
ɳ
ʲôʱɳûɳķΧ֮ڡ
ǾͻһλãɳжԶ
ԱߣǵԱߣɳˡ
Ǻáֵܶ˽ƶȥ
ʲôЦܵɳȥǸʲô𡣡
Ψһİ취֮ضˡ಻ǵЩɳ𣬲뾪ЩɳǾͰһѣɳ棬ǵֵס
ѽûκ֮£佣ΨһܽģȻͺñҰ㣬ûдκģֻשľȡˣ
佣Ҫɳɳ棬ȫˣЩɳȥˣԼ˲лѣ˳鲻׷ɱԼˡ
취Ǹð취ЩɳǲܿƵģʲô˾ǣǾͻṥʲôˡ
ǾͰһѣȥɳ档
佣䣬Ϲ˵˼ǣǸտɳʱǾʹԶ빥ǣԴɳ棿
ûȴǹˣǽǵȫͶɳ֮ڣɳ涨Ȼֵģ֮ȴǾãЩɳṥ˭
˵ȻǺð취ҪĻǾҪڵ˻δ֮ǰǵʲôֻҪǲŻûκ谭֮£ɳͶš
ͻֵһ𽫽ʱǾ֣ǵͶɳ
ãû⡣ڿʼɡ
ǵɳıԵٶ֣Чúܶࡣ
佣Ҳֻǵȣ˿ɳıԵٶ֣ûǾԼ߱ȽԶģͬʱͶɳ佣ҲڵһʱƬɳⱻڶɳˣϾһͶţɳûκεĶĿԵģֻҪǽǾסǶŹ
Ϲ˵ˣѾˡ
áڣͽ糷ˣˣеȫͶŽΧ῿ɳͶ֮ĵһʱ䣬Ǿ鷳ϷȥǧҪɴ˵طɢ˿ɢʲôΣգԮġ
佣Ҳ뵽᲻ỹڸûȫģеĻǼǾӦģ˷ɴ˵ط˵طĵˣǾ鷳ˣԮ֡
ãˡ
ڡһң硣
¡
Ƭɳͻһ޴ıըⱬըһͬʱһɽŭ˭֣
ӣǵˡ
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Ļ쵰Ȼġ
ɽҪҲҪʱȥⱻɳ湥ɲͻȻɳڣһɳγɵβͣɳڳ˳Щβͣһٰ㣬ɳγɵ٣βɳγɵβǧ㣬ȫ˳չ˹
ະϳ롭
Ҫ룬ȥɡ
Ͽе佣ˣѾ֮ǰָķȥһͷƬɳֻЩɳ棬һģȫץɳ֮ڣץɳˣûһģɽѾ𣬿ڣҲûʱȥ׷ɱ佣ˡ
Ͼˡ
ǣ
¡
зͬһʱ䣬ɳйĹɱɳͬʱҲԼ˸ɱˡ
Ѫɳð˳кֱܶģɳ֮ڣȴûκεĲҽ
ֶνţǱɳɳڸ˳춼ǡ
ס֣ͳͳס֡
༱ˣ׼ˣղһ֣ɱ˶ɳ治֪Լȴ˲ѽ
Ҫ֪ǱߵķɣǻʱλӣֵµʮҲû࣬Ǳ߼ҲԽԽ٣һε飬Լ۽ĻʱʲôЩɶأ
ɳڲѪֶϽţѽ佣õϹңû뵽۵ļһȻԼ˷۱
ǸҵţǾԲŹǵġ
ԶԶϹȴǴЦŻӦ࣬Щ쵰Ҳӵţֵ֮ܣȻɱģʱȮ


2952 Ⱥ۽Ԫ磡
ʱֹ˴£Ҳ˵佣ϹǻԪ磬Ѿˣ淢ٵ飡׷ɱǣȻ׷ɱĵطȴҲвϵϢ佣ϹҵĶС
ΪǶϲʮ֮һС򣬾סСϵ٣ȴǶľͼ꽨ķԴأҲ˵ǶľͼϼңʱǰȫģϾû֪ľͼϼʲôط
ΪľͼСǸ¶ڶϲûˣ뿪Ѿˣˣ֪ľͼģϼ֮⣬֪ģҲֻӶš
սʱ佣˻ֹ룬ΪﲻһС򣬻һʮֹϵСϵˣħʦľͼħʿǳ٣Ҳ˵ֻ˶ľͼôһħʿ
򣬶ħʦػţҲв˴⣬ȴħʦˡ
˵Сطǲ˿۵ģϾסˣҲһٸȴһΪȪȪ̶˵ȪˮǿƸֲͬƵģҲ֪һε۷ģΪˣŻв˴⣬Ϊ֮ʮֵƫƧΧɳĻ˵ϷʦٸҲס
佣ڽ֮󣬾ȼħʦħʦȻ֪ľͼ˵ľͼѾֺ֮ȻҪľͼȫˡ
ħʦͨصħõϢ巽棬ѾǸĸ壬ĸᣬһ𣬾󹫻ˣȻޱȿ˫ӳǵ壬ȴҲ٣ҪҳֻҪ⼸ʵΧ֮ڣҲǺġɺϵǣ򻹾һҵΧ֮ڣȴΪشƫƧûйǸĹϽΧ
佣ڶϢ巽Ѿ֪ˣҲ泯߸ϹοѪģĺôĻĴ壬ôܻᴥһɱ֮ء
ĴҲɵӣȻҪ׷ɱ֮Ŀˣǰٵ˵һ£ȴûʨӴ۸ңϼ壬ֻ˵佣ϹǱ壬ȡƷħҩʧǳ޴󣬱Ҫ뾡һа취ǶʧƷħҩһ
޳ܵļһʲôط޳ܵģĴηң˫Ӵ۸ʨӴۻûֳʤ֮ǰȥκһҲҪƷħҩ˵Ʒѽһ˵佣Ϲ͵ģԼ͵ģ佣ϹԼ˵͵ģҲ˵
ɲôѾˣ˼죬Ǿͽ佣Ϊ˲۶ˣҲҪ뿪ħʦȴͬ⣬ϾǶľͼˣӶļˣôôˣħʦҲѽǻ뿿ǹϺأҲħʦֻҪ佣˴Ӧպ֮󣬽򣬲ػȪƴҲᱣ佣˵ġ
佣ھ֮󣬾ħʦʵҲǳǿʯʵ˵Ҫֵס壬ӦòɣУӵűʯҪߵǾԽ˶ġ
ʱ䣬ܿҲ͹ȥˣ˷˹ɳѾѾԶˣҲʱԶ򷢶ȴûΪ֪ڵħʦʵǷɡ
佣ʱҲܸŲѽħ֮£佣ϹȫУȻħʦµҲҲӡ
֮һսһٶԶĴսһˣ
ͬʱģڣ̰˵ħڳӷ£ҲѾתɹˣҶ˷磬ľأаƣҲѾ׼
ӷ羭⼸ĵϢΪ̰תħĵҲѾȫָʱ밢ǻԪ磬ʲģϾѾˣ˫ӴǱߵľһɵģͨڣӷҲţֻҪ˫Ӵ۱ˣҪȥԲѡ
ĴѾ򿪣ȫۼһǳʮʮսܻ֮ÿһǾӢеľӢ
ӷ粻ھͽеȫȥҲ޷תħֻˣȰǻԪǱߵľչ취ȥҰתħ
Ҷ˷ˣվڳſڵţڳӷ缸˳֮Ҷ˷ʵԳ𣿡
ţڵʵҪκ˵ͿԽ밢ǻԪˡǲħҪСһ㣬ʱҲǰ棬ǲħףǾͳʱֱӳǻԪ硣
˵ȻѾ£˫ӴǱҲһšǹȥ֮󣬾Բһط̫ͣãҪ˫Ӵ۸ϵ֮ǰתƵطȥҪȥһ˫ӴʮңԶĵط
㲻õģȹȥ֮ȽͨˣתطǻԪĴ½ϰ٣˫Ӵһǵ½ȥֻҪصĺá
ӷ绰û˵꣬ͻȻ͵һʼ츲صı仯һ׹⣬ӳӷ
Ҷ˷໥һۣȻ󶼿˳ӷ磬ľʵǲǳʲô£
ӷ˵ͷ˵佣鷳
һ佣Ϲ鷳ɾڰǻԪ鷳óӷӦ鷳ǱضС¡
ǻʲôϹȥˣ佣ϹҾͻΣյġ
áھ͹ȥҵ뿴˫Ӵ֮⣬ʲôˣܽ佣ұƵ˵زͣķųʶ
˫Ӵۣ佣ϹҲûųʶĻˣѾɱˡȻԲͣķųʶѰӷ磬Ȼ˫Ӵۡ
ֵΣգӷ߲ˣˣȫ𣬳ǻԪȥ
ϳûȥѾǻԪĳӷ缸ˣÿһ˵Ϊ
ǧѽҪţǴһȥһɱ˫Ӵۣһ°ǻԪ磡


2953 ֮ս
٣ţ׼ȷ˵ħʦҲͰʮһˣټ佣ˣҲͰʮߺˡȴÿһİܹһ˵ҲʮҪԲһٵսʮлǿߣڶҲħʦѣʵϣǶˣҲֻеķˣ
ʵûҪôǿеģҲûҪЩɱɱӣѾ⣬ȥȥˡ˵飬Ƕ˲뿴ģΪħʦǶػߣҲ֪ħʦˣضȥһ죬ħʦ󣬶Ҫػԣħʦ϶֮󣬾͸ȫ۹ֻҪܱס佣ˣסպضΪȫµػߵģΪˣˣŻڷ佣Ĵ·𷴿
ʵȥԼ鲻˵£ȫ佣˸ѣô˵޹Ķôѣ佣˵ҲܣҲӦħʦֻҪܹ˽죬ֻҪܻ壬պ£ֻһ仰佣ˣȫġ
佣Ӧ˽ѹأܶԺʲô£ҲϹӦģ˵ĳŵҪ֪佣ϹңͲһģֻĸ˰ˣҲ˵佣ϹһӦ͵ˣӷӦˣպĶųӷıӣضǧûġ
ɷЩһֽô³أ׷ɱ佣ϹңǸ׷ɱ˵ûʲôֱӾͰˣʨӴ۸ˣǽܽ佣ϹҸɱˣ򣬵ȳӷ缸һ壬Ȼ֮׵ġ
ӷһôˣʶȻȫ˽⣬һǺģԴˣӷĺɶԴԼˣҲ壬Լȡͬ˸ҶӷֵܣɾѰ·ġ
佣ǶôʶˣӷǱȴһӦûС᲻ûյѽ
˷ɱϹҲѾסˣŶħʦÿһľǰƵģȨȣʯħǿߣż壬û˿η壡
ûյġѾתħʵǰҪʮ磬Ҳһܵǡ
ʲô
Ҳ鷳ڱչأղġȴǰѾˣѵʲô鷳ɡ
佣֪ǣЩһֱʶѰҳӷ磬ɳӷûյΪӷںĳתħⲻһյ佣˵ʶԾϸˡ
ӷ缸ͨڣǳңԶߣ佣ϹҲѾûзųʶˣҪһоԸӷǱߣҲֻǿ佣Ϲ֮ǰǵʶҹҲ˵ӷǲϵģڳӷǵ֮ǰ佣ϹңжҪס
ܻ鷳ġӷڵʵ֮ǰҲѾоˡһɱ˫Ӵôˣ˫Ӵۺӷû취ġ
ȱôˣյǵʶһᾡϹġ֮ǰǱֵסǵĽ
Ϲ˫һתΧɨһȦ˵Ѿǿˡˣӭս׼
ս飬ûоĲĸǰҲֻǽܸ˵ˣûвμӹսһǰҲ׵ɽļƣ¼ŵġ
佣ϹҲһ˶սģʲôĴսûѽսۣħʮԿССս۴佣ϹԼѾǲ̫һ˶ٳˡ
˿̣Ȼֻвһٺˣ佣ϹҶֻ֪ҪԼڵĵλռƣϵǲϵİţĲãҪԼĵҲǲܵġȻ˫Ҳ̫ˣ佣ϹңҲܽ˳׵ĻˣΨһܿģֻΧɳħʦˣ
ħʦڶߴҲ֮ϣ֣ҲΪźܶСߵײͬɳģȴû֪ЩɳǴʲôʱڴ˵أû˿ԻٵЩɳǾͷ·Ǽ᲻ɴݵİ㣬ħʦ֣޷ҡκһɳֺ
һҪˣˣĸڣȫҪȥƴ
ëѽ
ϹֹסˣЩһûжսʶѽԼռĵλãһƣЩһֱӳȥ͵ȫ¶˵˵ǰĵƣȫûˣ
λ˶ɱˣѵǾɵ𣿡
˵ģҲһͷǶ򳤣ڶħʦ֮⣬ȨˣȫҲġ

ƺڰǻԪԲڣ֮ƺ佣ϹңΪ֮ǰԴ˵ʱ򣬶˲֪ôƺ佣ˣϹҲŻԱԼΪġһƤ湻ģ֣ģ֮ܳΪйѽƤҲȳӷ籡
佣һŵͼóŵͼǶΧĵͼǳ˶ΧɳһЩħ޾ûĵط
ǾãȥĻлŻ𣿡
ѽ˭֪ʱȥɾ͵ȥĻȵɱҲ·һѽڶ˿ȥȣһҶһֱӳɱȥأ
ô죿ѵĵɱ𣿡
𼱡Ȼǵвǣһ֮ڣҲ빥ǾΧĵƣת
˵ɳɳ棬ħȥԸǣ
û
Ҳǳ֮ѽ˵̫࣬ʬ壬ɱˡ
ֻҪְܼ쵽һʱ䡭
佣üͷһ壬ԼЩˣֻܼôˣҲһ첻ʱ䣬ʮʮСʱң֮󣬳ӷ绹ܸϹĻֵ֮䣬ͽˣԼϹңҪȥƴţˣ
ʵϹҵѾųӷܸϹˣ˵ţֵѽһǱߣһܼįɣģֵң佣ϾҪȥˡţǹȥֵ֮ˣһȾƣ


2954 ڤغ
ϵĸΪ̫м壬ˮ壬壬ڤ塣ĸǲµģڲ֮䣬ÿһ嶼ŸԵĵ̣һ鷢ҲŸԵĺܡȻҪĸĺܾԵ̫С˵㣬Ͼָųָ֮⣬ĸǲˡ
Σĸ岻òģħҩиħģħޣЩһǺܶǧ޷ӵеģȴͬһʱ䣬˴ĺôĸ忴صĿ湻ģβú׬һʣǾ̫ˡĸ忴ҪİҲǺܴ󣬵ɱ˼˰ˣҲֻΪһ⣬׿˵ģ
˵ĸĻһ¾ˣܲ˵ʲôʲôɡĴҲȫ벻ҪԸˣҪɱļˣʨӴйأңϼйأӲɵ¸ĸ壬˭ȥģʨӴۻ˵ϾĿǰ˫Ӵ۸ʨӴ۶ûʽʼ˭˭ӮҲû֪һңϼ壬ǿܽ˫Ӵۻ˵Ĵڣǵһɱ忭壬ΪɱĹϵ֪˶󲻱ǰһɱü档ʣȻ˭ȥǣ
ĸļҲȫˣһļΪĹϵÿһҲ֪˰彫˲֮⣬ҲǸ򵥵ĵطѽ˭̣ǶԼҽķչҲʮġ
˵λڱڤλ֮ڣΪĵҪǱڤ壬ЩҲûȥע⡣Ȼ죬֣ǱضܽҲģڤȻҲ뷨
ףɱһȪƻġǸطǵүүһֱõĵطѽ
˵ǱڤˣһŮˣͲ󣬿һħݺᡣΪڤ棬Ǳڤ嵱СŮȴҲ粻һˣǱɽЩҪһڤļڤ̣Ǹһֵ
һȪֻƵưˡΪүүģһȪɡ
ڤ˫ǰɳΧŵĶ򣬱˲֪ΪڤļڤڶҲǶĹעȻ֪һЩ֪ˡ
ѵڶڣʲôıﲻɣ
棬ұڤгϢһ㲻Ů֮ĻΪĶȻὫλӴ㡣Ҳö룬Ů֮޷ΪڱڤĵλҲ֪ģ˵ڶһЩ飬һЩܣΪǳĸ㡣
һװıڤ˵ףŮȨһ㶼ϣôŮҲһЭġ
ΪҪԭһôֵĺӣΪұڤǧҸȻҲ㣬ΪĴûɹ
ڤЦһѽ뵱꣬Ϊ棬ڤɱΪİˣҲǴһοʼڤ壬ڤ̵ļڣԱڤ涼ʮֵľģڤܶ飬ɱڤģɱڤҲܰԼλӣŮˣԶֻǸŮˣʲô£Ϊ˼壬ΪǲĴ硣
ףЩ飬Ůǲ֪Ϊã֪ĶˣҲͶˡЩգͱĳЩȥеֺ֪жԼҲãˣҲô˵һ㣬֮ǱڤĽɾһδ֪ˡ
ڤ˵ֱӣڤӵĻģףӣΪ̳˵ĳֺȥˣ
Ūʣ粻磬Ūܣ粻磬Ūǻ۸ֹۣ粻㡣ǳӵĻ̳˵λӣҲֵĵΪοǣǱڤ壬ûȨ֮뵱꣬ЩΪϵҲѾˣĸҲΪʮַģḨǸûõĴģΪˣҲİġ
ڴļֵܽãΪԼ棬Ƕһģһ㣬ڤǸ⣬ҲǱڤưɡڤĸŮʲôһĵĸͬһˣֻϧΪ̳˵ĳӣȴ֮⣬ʲôᣬħҲʱʱ׵ģ˵ѽ
棬ڶ飬Ȼ㲻һ֪ǾͽǶйɡ
ڤ˵ͷ֮ӣ˱ڤ̵ǰӣǱڤ̵ӣӱڤغӱڤģӱڤǡ
ڤ̵ĸŮʱһӱڤغǴ˯֮⣬Եʮֵľ
غ㻹˯ѵĻڸҹȥ
ڤνǺɸѽڤغӣ
ڤ˶Աڤغʹɫɱڤغȴһȫûӣ˵ףѽôʦڵġǱڤûʲôϵ㲻ܹˣ
ڤغһʣֱӾԱһʯͷϣһû˯ѵӡ
磬ǽǸһģ¸ûϵҲĸ֮ɡ
ڤ˵
ɱɱĲʺҡأϲ飬дд֣Ůʲôġ飬Ĳܡ
ڤغ˵ţóһƺ«һͺȹˡ
ڤѽɫʼˣһĻû˿ȻԼûطˡ
ûõĶҹ
ڤ˵ףҪͽǰɣǻῴġ
˵ţڤ潫ڤغ˵磬ҹһ£л˵
˵ʲôѽǻǰȥɣҾǡǿɸˣ£̫֣һߣպ˼ҸϾɱһ죬ҲǸϾɱġ
ڤغ˵⻰ʱ򣬻ʱʱĿ˿ڤ̣ԣ⻰˵ڤġ
ˣøˡ
ڤ潫ڤغȽԶĵط˵磬ղŸ׵˼ǿɲɱ˵ģǶڣʲôܣҲүүõġ
ڤغһǱߵıڤ̣ɫ΢΢һ䣬˵Ҳûʲô˲ġ

ڤ濴ԼĴ磬Ƶʵ磬֪ܣ
֪ѽүүڹ֮ǰ͸ˡ
ǵʲô
һħ󡣾үүǰ˵ǻԪ磬Ϊǿħ˭ܵõǷ󣬾ͿԵκǿУۣҲ޷ͻƵһħ󡣡
ʲôۣ޷ͻƵħǻǻԪΪǿķˡ˵ķôأ
ڤһ£˵ѹֶһ㶯ûУҲûκλŵӣԭ˵ķҪȥȫˡ
ãˡΪΪǿķɶ˲֪
ǲ֪ôܣ˶֪үүô֪ģ
ҾͲˣүүҵġְΧ˶򣬿ڶڵȴһ㶼ɴ˿ɼڣиѽ
ˣħǿߣ
ûϵǶսֵĸˡҸҷǳ϶˵ϣʮСʱ֮ڣҲܹ̤ġԷΧĵǵĽǾðȻɱȥһɳġ
ڤ˵ֲɵӣôôܽɳȥ
ǲɵӣԷҲɵӡԼܽɳԷһ취ǽȥġʲô취ҾͲ֪ˡ
磬ȻѾ͸˶ԷĲ֣ǡ
ס˵ɱɱ飬ȫʺҡ̳˵λӶҪͱȥҲˡ
Ǵ磬οǹϵǼǰѽ㲻ϲɱɱǼΣѵʲô𣿡
壿ôһ죬Ȼֵġڣ˵ǧ٣ܱԱȫ
ӣڤغҲǸװѽ˵ĻʵȻģ֪ʵģ˼Ҳֻбڤˣ
磬СôСಡڰаСðѲκõģҴСħַ֪ʶڤغ֪ȴ˸ļʣεİɱǴڰаСõֵġС֪磬㵽жǿ
ڤغ̾˿˵棬ҪסϣûĪǿκһǿߵʵԴԴȴǲΪ֪ģҲһҲһ⣬ҲǡһجΣڴԣʵΪ֮ڴԼ˵ӵʵֱһöѲ˵جΣһԶ޷ѹجΣ


2955 ս
˿̵ĳӷ缸Ѿ˰ǻԪ磬ͨΧȴûзκһ˫óӷеˡ
ѽϴʱ򣬿кܶ˵ġΪʲôһ˶ûУ
˫ӴҲɵӣǰѾ´˿ͨڵȫ֮⣬һȫϢҪӷֲġ
ʱ򣬳ӷȫͲϾ˽˫Ӵ۵뷨֪׼ûп϶ʲô׼֮ǰӷһҶ˫Ӵ۵ȦףԼЩˣɾҪֱˡ
ħ궪ڰǻԪ磬ʮӣͱʱİ˻ȥӷɲһεģ򣬻Ҫ¸ǧųˡ
˵ǲʲôԾģ
ţ˵˫Ӵ֪ʱҲһʱɱǵ׼ڣȴûиоκεĵڸȫͲ
Ҳ
Цһ˵Щ飬ǲ̫ˡ򵥵ķ룬վΪ򵥵˫Ӵ۽Ƕȥ룬ôļ򵥷Ըأ
򵥵ķ
ӷ绹̫ӣ̫ˡ˵ûܶʱֻԼ̫ˣ򵥵ķȥһ£ȫͬˡ
ӣ˫Ӵǳ˿ͳһѽûнͨڸû´ĻѾڱĵط
ٰ֮⡣˵
ҪǴһǣϷʵ
ڿûʱ˷ѡ佣ҵʶѾʧˣ˵Ѿ˴Կ϶ǣ佣ǱߵĵӦò˫ӴۣǸûзʶĻᡣ˫ӴҪǸȥҲضǣ֪ͨǵطġ˫Ӵ̫԰£Ҳ̫鷳콫ǲĵλͻӵȹ̡
ѵⰢǻԪ磬˫Ӵ֮⣬ĵˣ
ˣǰǻԪ磬ʲô˶У佣ҲǸչãʵˣҲǺпܵġ֮ǱҪҵ佣ңˣȲҪȥܡ
˫ӴţҪֱ뿪ǲܵġ
ӷһ£˵ƣ£ǣзǼ˫ӴЩעΪģֻǼҸ̣Сǣȥ佣ǽ˫Ӵ۵֮󣬾ǣһһ·ʶġȻǧҪ˫Ӵ۵ӲΪϴ֮˫ӴɳȽǿһЩֻҪǸȻһ˾ˡ
ÿһ˶ѾתħƵǻۣӷȫͲǵİȫ佣ϹңǳӷΪĵģ
ãû⡣
Ƽֱӳһȥ֮󣬳ӷ缸˾ѾǷȥǱߣϵĴ
ɵĲôʹˡˣȥ佣ҡ
ӷ簴佣ϹʶķȥˣΪʶѾģˣҪҵ佣Ϲǲܵġ
νİǻԪȫһƬɳĮ𣡡˵
ֻǰǻԪһ½Ϊ½ҲΪĵһ½˫Ӵ۵ͽ½֮ڡ
˵ǻԪϰٸ½ÿһ½˵Ӵ𣿡
½˵ĵ㣬ȴ˵ġĴ½Ҳ̫Ҳûȥ֮ǰҲһСƬΧɱһˡ½Ĵ½ҶҪһСģϾﲻ磬̫ǿǵħճɣħǿߴǻԿġ
ˣҪ͵¡佣Ǳߵ飬ͱҪߵˡڻ֪佣ǵĵ˶ЩʲôˣȻˣͲ̫͵ܲļһСǰɡӣҿҵ佣Ϲ֮󣬲ôĵˣҵĽǣֱЩһͳͳĨɱⰢǻԪһҲ֪ˣɲʲô˶ġ
⡣ҵ֮󣬲ôĵˣô鷳Ů٣ǸոճӤ飬ͳͳնɱ
ӷɱѾɢ˳նҵֵܣ˭Ƕˡ
ڶ棬佣ϹҴŶһٺŵѾʼҲΪɳĹϵʱպþ佣ǰ㡣
ħʦҲɳϴסˣȫ¡
ôˣ
ɫµħʦʵڶûֵģˣΪϣҲ˵Ƕϡ
ϣĵˣûκεĶӣΪķǿеģΪɳĹϵǲ
ϵ˵ͷһ佣˵λϷ֮ǰѾѻ˵ĺˣһΣǿðΣհǵģȹ˽֮ǶţˣǽĶ򣬾Ҫˡ
佣˵ģȻѾӦ㣬ǾһҲõûǸڲǿҲԺǿӦҲ˵ˣ˫ӴۣһΪǿĵˣҲ뾡һа취磬ΪģǳǸˡ
໥һۣĻ佣ղû˵Ϊϰģ佣ԣǽԼ˵ǰɡ
ѵǴģ
ǡ
ʨӴۣ
ûǾʨӴ۵ֵܣͷվġǵֵܣҲһѾˣϲĻҲѾ߸ϹˡΪĵ̫࣬޷ųʶǵֵٶȹ
ԭˣѹǸҸΪˣۼĸҲһ㶼η塣ӣۣڲͬѽֵܣ˵˵á
λϣҲ˵ЩʱȻɳʱõ˲ҶһСʱǾͻжˡԣҪж֮ǰһǸɳ
ţȻǶѾźˣǵҲûлɡʨӴ۵ֵܣĿǰʵ棬Ȼĵ˴һġôǾͷȥɣȫȫλĵǲ
ħʦ֮ǰģ佣ϹʵͲȫǣ᲻⡣ڣ֪ʨӴ۵ֵܣǾûʲôˣ˫Ӵ۶ĵѵԼҲҪ


2956 أ
Ϲó˺ܶԭըǴģǰԭըиڵԭըͬһʽ񵯣Я㣬ʹϣҲʮַġ
ԭըַÿһˣҽ̻ôʹúϹ˵λѾǸŰΧסˣֵܶ˻ûȫ˽ΧɳѾȫ˽ˣԣҲͲˡϵĻ˽ڰСʱ֮ǣȴǵĽһܿɳģĻ֮ǰİţ𲻵һˡԣڱҪΪǿڵû֮ǰȹȥ
Ϲڸ佣֮ѾٵȥˣҲɵӣǲֱܻӴɳֱӽģҪƹɳĻҲͰСʱѡڣҲʱȥˡ
佣ͽŵķ˵һ飬õģǷָҵԭըɱϾԭըħ˵̫СˣͲܸκε˺佣ҪЧҲԭըȥˣֻǵУҰˣһȻͻţָ̫࣬ӷ棬һܴ⣬ҲǸΪģѡһ쵼ߣҲܴ쵼֮˵ΪڤļңֻΪ棬ģǿֻҪܽɱ˾ˡ
ڣ佣Ѿ´壬ǷΪʼģԼߣҪΪʼȥ
佣ϹҲûжĸˣʱҲûжħʦԭشɶˣֵĹŲ佣ˣħʦ֣ڵ˵Ŵ֮£סǡ
ò˵佣ϹҵļƻǿеģֻҪһңȻͻɳȻұ֤ȫ룬ֻҪܽһ룬Ǿ͵һĵˡ
¶ܾ⣬㣬佣ϹҲѾ뵽ˣҪквУУ佣ϹҶû뵽
ʱˣ
佣һµͬʱ壬ҲѾжƹɳ
򳤣Դһ֧飬ΪΧĵ̫Ϥܿ죬Ѿ˶ɳ
򳤣˾ǰˣǸöˡ
ҪԭըߣȴֹȲҪٿһ㡣
ѽٿһ㣬ԭըɵЧͻҲһʶ֮ƫƧСϣҲΪӭսЩַĸˣ˾顣
ֹʮӣ򳤿ѾˣҶ
ʮˣԭըȫǰĵ˶˹ȥ
¡
һıըҲ佣ϵǰ㣬˵ŴңܶҲѾԱߵɳɳ棬ȫɳڳ˳ߵĵ˾͵ùˡ
棬ڤȫѾֹͣ
ʵʲô£
үү̫мǱ߳¡ɽ˵
һ򣬾ȻҲ¡ӣǸ߿̫мˡ
ߵ˵Ҳ˵˵򣬶ξܹƣȴûκ˽ġȪҲǺܶҪõģɵΪֹȪڶڣûκܹõ
˵ͷ˵˵˲࣬ȴܳõػǸȪӣҲȫĵѽԸȥֹͣǰС
ɲɵӣȻ̫мǱ߳£Ҳ˵棬һжˣǲΧʲô壬û֪Կ϶ǣֻҪڲǰ벽;Բµġ
Ѿֹͣ˵ˮǼңȥڻңԼҲɳˣȥˮǣˮǼ׷ʲô£̫м巽ڵôˡ
顭
ը𣬺ԣըķˮ壬ңҲ⡣
Ѿҳˡھֻʣڤˡɽȥڤ巽ôˡ
ǣүү
һᱻɽȥڤǱߵѾأڤ巽㱨ɽ
ɽɫʮѿ˵үүڤ巽棬ûжǻǴ֮ǰλϣûκһ˿ġ
ʲôڤ̵ڸʲôļҶѾˣȴʲôѵɱ򣬶Ǳڤ壬Ͱ׼ˣĺô𣡡
үүҿûô򵥡Ǳڤ̣ɲǸ侲ĺôĸ嶼õģڤܻ֮ûһǱڤǱߣ֪ʲô֪飬һһǹڶ顣
һ£ɽ˵ûǱڤ̣ȷǸ侲ļһкôҲһ֮ġȻһ㶯ûУȻ⡣
ҵ뿴Ǳڤ壬ڸʲôԸˣߵ·ߣȫڤǱȥ
ͬʱڱڤߣɱڤָűڤˣڤ֮ǰȻͬڤ˵˰ڿڤ滹ȼ֮ġ
̫м壬ˮ壬˶ļƣҶһɳ޷ǰˣڶԸЩɳ棬һ˵Ҳʧ֮һġ
ڤĳԱ˵
ľȷġǱʲô
ڤǰ˵ϲĻ֪ǱڤûѾ߹ˡ
˵⻰ڤ濴һԱߴŹʵıڤغڤûȼ֮ԶССĵطһٲĻѾ̫мһ³ˡ
ڤһѺôһѽ˶ΪԼǸûõķˣҲֻԼ֪ǻԪ磬Լ翹ģ˼ҲһƵ˰ɡǧͳߣ˫Ӵۣңϼãһָ˼ѣ
ڵ佣ˣħʦĶ֪ڻʱˡ
ȫ˻Ҫ˷֣򣬳ȥ˶ˣҪˡ
ɳҲܽеĵ˸ɱѽкܶˣЩɳɳġ
ȫ˻͸佣ˡ
ʵ֮£ֻ͵ϮɱǧܸԣҲսСʱɱǶ١
佣תħʦ˵λϣСʱ֮ûĻǾ˵Ѿ˸ΧסˣҪλˡ
İɣֻҪСʱϹͷҲͻȥˣƴҲһǴӵ˵ֵ¾ȳġ
ҪģΣ˿Ļɣ佣˵ͷ˵Сʱλϣȱ˸סǸʱĻλϾֱӽɳǱߵĵˣùǡ޷ɳǱ߾Ͳùˣλֳˣڣ˭ܳȥ벽


2957 ȫ
Сʱֻգۼ飬ʱħʦǳͲסˣ佣˵СʱûǾǱ˸ˣҲ˵Ӧħʦˡ
򳤡
϶ǽ򳤺һȴǸûƵģʲô°㣬ûӦ
򳤡
ֺһʱ򳤲ŷߵħʦǰʵλϣѵҪȥ𣿡
򳤱ΪδǣħʦˣǾ佣ǴӦ˻ػ򣬵򳤿佣ǵʵزסģʨӴ۵ֵأ򳤻Ҫǣ佣ػǾ͵ԼվʨӴǱߣһ˫Ӵ۵ĶУ˫ӴֻζԸԼأ
Ҫ֪˫ǰĴڣ˫ӳ壬ɾͲˣ˫˫ӳ壬ĵҪӴʵҲǿһ˫Ӵ۸ǹ֮䣬򣬶һ
ѵ֮ǰ˵ģûҪģǶػߣСӵıȴʨӴۣⲻõѡ𡣡
λϣûȻʨӴ۵飬ѾڰǻԪ紫ˣɵڣʨӴ۶ûֹǧ磬˫ӴġڸʨӴվһǾǸ˫ӴΪУǺλû
ħʦȻǶػߣ򳤲һ֮أǶȨ˵ĻȻûħʦǰǿãΪ򳤵ҲħʦԶΣľѽ
֮ǰ򳤱룬ȥ佣ˣħʦľͽ佣˸ϳȥˣûҪΪߣԼ˵Σ֮УʨӴվһǾǽٲ֮ء
򳤣⻰ʲô˼
ϣǾãڸûҪȥˣֻҪסԼˡ
ħʦ໥һۣ˵ҲǹɵġסԼʣʲô
Ҳ֪ħʦԥʲô˵ʵԼ˿ԱסĻҲûҪȥˡ
򳤣ã˿ԳΪ̳ػߣȻǲ뿿˵ġںԣ֮ҲҲһػˡСӲͬʨӴ۵ʵǧҲӦ˵ɡ
Ȼǧǿ˫ӴҲвͲǶ򣬾ûĵˡ
ԥһ£Щ飬ħʦ֪һְλһġ
Լڲа취õػסλǲǾͲðȥˣ
ħʦ໥һۣȻ򳤣Ǵ򳤵пʲôһƵġ
˵ԼڲػĻҲ뿿ˡ
˴仰ҲͷЩ飬ʱҲʱ˵ˡ
򳤵˫ۣڵЩɳɨһȦʵλϣû˵

֣˶һͣ޷ˣڰǻԪһЩϵĴڣȻŵġ
˵ģبΪǿķ
ûΪǿķȫжħνֻǶħһưˡ
ħʦʱסˣڶôãɴûһѽ
ʵǶһ֮⣬κ˶֪ܣǾֻŹѣȴû֪ʲôӵŶôǿķڵʱΪȫҲò˵ˡʵǶЩȶ֪ʱڵɳħĻҲ˵ֻҪħȫ򣬾ͽõħı֮£κˣڣ޷ơͬʱΪħĹϵҲõĸ룬ûκˣ뿪ˣ˵û̫Ӱ죬ΪԭħΪġ
˵Ҳûǣһľͼ뿪֮⣬˶סħΪνħ֣һħȥֳʳΪ½ȫΪĮûģħͲȥָħ½ҲǷǳձģ˶ᡣ
ħʦǳԾû뵽بΪǿķȻԼסĶ򣬶Լػߣ£Ȼһ㶼֪
ȻħʦҲȥ֮µģϾΪǿħһȪѾ˵ļɻˣٴĻͱ˸ռˣһ۶޷ͻƵħ󣬻ʲôˣͻأַսϣ޿ܵãսֻʣһһˣֻҪħһλڲ֮أ
û뵽ǵȣȻôһ֡ȻҲͲõˡ
ͬˣ
ţǳ֮ȫ뿪
ʲôλϣǻҪȥǣ
ǴӦ飬ͱҪСӣʵߣȴƴսǶĵ飬ѵǻ𡣡
ȷħʦҲѽȻ֪ǵ˷ǳ٣ɶԼԣҲǺҪġʵǵ֮˶飬ѵΪԱ佣Ǽ
ˣһҪȥȣҲһҪô󣬾ԼϹͷɣ
УǲλϳȥðաλѾҪȥˣǾ͸һȥ
СǱҪ֮ǰСҲ˵ȥ֮κˣܳȥǣҲΪǵİȫ롣һͷ뵽ȫ˰ȫСӣʵڲǾȥҲţպʨӴ˫ӣûС˵ĻҲһ˵ġ
䣬ħʦֱ𣬳ȥ
̾˿ħʦܿ佣Ҳܿħʦѽ
λԭǿԱƽģبΪǿķ˭ɱҲˣλϣԳΪأӦ˵飬һҪȥǣѵ̰ģλȥԣΪ򳤵ľˣ첻ȫˣҪλϹ
򳤻䣬ȫͬλϹһɱȥ
áһɱȥƴˡ


2958 壬鷳ˣ
̫м壬ˮ壬塣Ϊɳɳɱţڿûʱȥ飬ǱԼĳԱǸҪģϾɲôһÿһ嶼кüǧɳأڱɳɱͬʱҲɱɳ棬ǵļԱһ͵·ֱ·
ڣ෴ӦҲȽϼʱ̴˱ڤߣҪʱڤ̣ǱڤΪʲôжġڵ֮󣬾ƤٺҲ˵ˣô˵˼Ҳɱ˵ģȴɳǱڤȼ֮Ļ³ҲһΪ棬ôȫͲ
ڴͬʱڤҲ벻ɳ󣬶ڣɱ˳ģֻˣˣҲպþҪɱĿ
һ佣˳˳˵жˬˣΪҪɱģȻ佣ˣҲԼڤɳ
Ȼ̫мң佣ǵȦףŻɳģ̫мҵĽѵڤɾͲȥǵɵˡ
佣ͬʱԭըҪøղŵķڤţڤ̣ȴڵһʱ䷴ӦǸҵҪҶС͵ıը޷κһ˺
ͬʱ佣Ҳû뵽Ȼۼҵ˵ȫֱڲͬλΪʲôһۼһ𣿸佣ֱӾͱΧˣҪͻΧȫǲܵġ
ɽڤ棬ĵϵֱӴŸҵ佣˰Χм䣬ҪܣȫͲܣҪֿʵȫҲ˵ڵ佣ˣֻеķˡ
ڣ佣֮ǰѾħʦСʱСʱ֮Լ˻ûȥĻħʦ֣ԣ佣˻Ǽ˰СʱҲΪڤûֱɱ֣Ϊ˵Ĺϵ˵ʦڣԣɱˣ̫𣬱ҪȽǸȻĥǣĥһĳ̶֮ɱ֮ôܳһڶ
佣Ȼǲ־ܵģȻѾ˰Сʱ佣ţħʦһԼ˵ģΪжôΣϾʶôãֻΪ佣֪һǿ˵˵ĻĳŵǵҪҪɲÿһǿߣͬ˵ˣһԲϣֱֻɱġ
ⰢǻԪ磬źܶʿЩħʿһҲضԭģҲΪһŵ
СֵܣѾСʱȥˣΪʲôϻû
˻ˣȻ佣ϹҲòȥôˣҴԼ֮ϵģ֮Ӳƴ佣˵ˣҲʮֵء
ǰǸ˰ɣ
Ϲʱ򲻵òɣѾ˰СʱˣħʦҪֵĻ֮䣬ܹ
𼱣ټһᡣ
ֲˡǻɱǵĻˡ
ʼˣ֪ͲӦŶˣֱ뿪طĵطȥ˵á
佣ȴǼţħʦһġ
ɽЦͲҪٵֿˡǿƣǵʵֱν
ѽɽ˵ĵȷûɺܶʱһνȴԻʤ
Ϲŭɽǵ

ɽЦˣڤ棬ʼЦ˵Сӣǲ֪ߵغѽѹָȥ壬ҲԼʵҸһΪˣڻɳ岻ɱǣ壬Ҳһɱǵġ
Сӣǲ⡣ҵƾʲô
ϹҴЦɽϻ˵ҵһϰɡϹүүһüͷͲϹҡ
Ϲң佣컹ΪҪǺúõĥһɱǡˣһҪ
ɽʵǵȲȥˣɱ䡣


ʱͻȻǿħϯǿ֮󣬻кüʮħȫ
ߺˣ
ɽֱӱǿħˣڤ̸ǿȻֵ֪ħڤ֮ϡ
СȻҹҶ浱Ҷ𣿡
ħʦĵ佣ص˿
˵һġ
Сֵܣûˡϵʵڤ֮ϡڣ죬ˡ
佣˵ȲҪ̫ˡҿϵȻڤ֮ϣȴҲû̫߳ࡣʱļҲϹĻһҲδسԵǻôϣϾͺܳԿˡ
佣ĵҲ޵Ȳ˵ʵգ˵ħʦҲֵ̫ܵãˣħʦɲħʿǵսƵģԶ̵ħְҵһ˿Ǿʵ֮µģֻҪ̫࣬ܽɱħ֮һֿڣ
˵¼ĳϣؾλ˰ɡ
ν¼˵ģʵ͡һͷǳǿ˵˵׼һ׼ȷˣͻ¼Է
һǱڤıڤ̰ɣ
ǡλ򣬱ұڤΧ֮ڡ˵ǱڤӦñǶȫģЩҲûԶôɽ죬Ǳڤ룬ǶֻҪ˰ˣǶұڤΧ֮ڣֻҪλ£ҲԱ֤Բᶯֺ
ڤ˵ĺ򣬿ɽ鶼ѾչҲ֪ôˣҪǱڤӦ壬ɲӦġ
λҶĿˡ߶ǿͣÿǶ£ǶҲûʸˡ
֮⣬ҪǶԿˣ
ϹͷҪԸڤλӦûɣ
ϻ䣬ͼǿ⣬ͬλó
ټأ̫мμ
ˮμ
μ
ǸļȻϹˣ£鷳ˣ


2959 ֵɱ
ɳסԲôġӣ̫мļǸоħʦŻйģֻĳԱȫڶԸɳ档ȻҲΪ佣ļƻ̫ĳԱأھ㲻ΪĺôΪ˳ڶļҲǲʲôܵġ
ħʦʵʯģʵȫƽ𾳽磬ʵĸߵ˵ƽȻǵвʯˣΪħְҵĲͬ߳ħʦԵеˡ
ħʦʶǿҲԶսְҵԹ͵ħʿֻҪǱħʿضᱻģԲǿʣŹ͵ħʿһǾͻɾ޴˺ɺϵǣڤ̣̫мļȫǹ͵ħʦˮļ࣬ħʦħʦһħҩʦϣǱΪְҵĲͬ޷õһ𣬿ɶʱϣǲġ
ħʦ˭Ҳûж֣佣ˣҲħʦƣһ͵ħʿǾʲôˣ
ţǶһҪ취ù͵ħʿϵˣȫҪ
佣˵ʲô취ءԼ˸ʵҲ̫Զ˰ɡ
ʱ򣬶ڣɱеˣȫ˳
佣һЩһǸ߹ǣħʦ֮Ƕ뿪벽ȫܳǲ𣬾Ǹ򳤣ʵҲôѽˣħʦ֮⣬˵ÿһˣûоսġ
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ȻѾˣҲûصİ취ȻˣǾ˵ϰɡ
˳˳ЩΧ佣˵ǳʶóһ·һԶڤҵİΧ֮ڡ
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ڤ̴ЦһԵʮ˷ܡЩ¶򣬾ǱڤϼҪ¶ģֻΪĵλ̫գЩڤļûȥðգԼڤò£Ҳò¡
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λϣǲܿԼȴ֮ڡ

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ħʦκλᣬǰľΣǶҪö򣬱ˣǸԼ
ʲô֡
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ϣҲ漴֣˷ڰ֮Уǿħ󻽳ħڣǿ⣬γĹļɱ
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ͬΪħʦ࣬Ҳڲͣħħʦȥ治֪Ҫʲôʱ
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ͬʱ佣ϹҲ˱ڤغղķ˵ɫһϲ
佣е콣һӣָУһ⣬ֱӻʣһкۡ

ϹҲʱһŻ棬ֱʡ
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λϣȥǺѷֳʤġʱ͵ϮǵĻǱɵġ
ħʦ佣⻰Ϊ佣һѣлͻȻֻԶʣһǿޱȵֱӳ߳˹
ϣλˡ佣˵Ļһ쵽ģֻҪ£ҸҵֵܣԲ᲻ܡڣϢһ£ֵܣݵʱˡ
ȻħǸоʲôԾ㣬壬ᣬҽˣͳͳɱ⣬һ
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佣콣һգͼˣֱӳʮֵͣ佣ûӦˣѾ嵽佣ǰ
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ǳ˵ҲҶ֮ħ׷ǧɡ
ߣ̡


2960 Ůս
һҹͷǧɣƼŮңӷĶɽսݡ
Ůӣνʵ飬ڵʱ򣬲ܵ򶫰ǳңֵʮֺã³ӷھĶɽʱǽδΧʱ̶ӦģһȺܶԤڵҪõĶ࣬Ķ࣬ڳӷžĵصʱ̶սδǸʱ̣ǶôӢ쪣üڰңȴƾԼԽų׽ŮˣѾˡǵ˺Ĵ½ֵ̱ıȽϵ͵Ҳ޷ĨĿеĵλǰӷһŮĻѣ֮¡
佣ϹΣգӷٶȸϹǰģ̣ӷ磬ֻǽûȥ
һͷ׷־԰ǻԪ֮ħԴҵһͷ׷ֱӾնɱĳԱһĻˣȫΪ֮һ
˵ڵʵжǿʱ򣬾Ȼ˸ܳͲòüΪ֮ˡ
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ǵòñڤΪ֮ʣһ˫ӣĶ׷ŮӣǺηʥ
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佣ϹҼѾˣ˵ϣ¶ЦݣΪ佣ϹҶ֪Ȼ̵ˣǳӷ磬ҲһѾˡ
ڤ̣ļħʦڣȫ˲ͣλϣ൥ָɳ֮ϵ̣ʵʲôˣ
ûȥش⣬ԼҲ˽⣬Ӳ֪ǰЩʲôˣԿ϶һǣ˭佣ϹҲǱԼĵˡ
ɩ
ϹҴһһɩɫһ䡣
֮ǰϹҾѾ˵ԼʨӴ۵ֵܣⱻϹҳ֮ΪɩˣͲҪˣһʨӴ۵Ůˡ
Ǹ
˷ûŮӵֽɱݺᣬʱ򲻹˭ֻҪҶ̵֣ı֣һָɱ۵ĸо
佣ϹҲûжϹ˵ɩǶǵѡΧǵģȫǵˡ
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һѻƽ޽̵һӣһǵصħʿ͵ħʿ
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佣콣ָɽ˵죬
СӣΪǾһˣһŮˣͿԾ𣿻ɱңֱǡ
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һ̳ˣɽѾͷҿ㳤ĲҵĻҿԱ֤㳤ꡣΪУǾ·һ
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ڤʵ磬ҿǸŮ˳˳ĺÿ֮⣬Ҳûѽ
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ڤغѾ֪ʲôȴûֱ˵
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ȫ佣Ϲҵǰʵû°ɣ
Ϲ˵ҿô
ϹֵܲҪǲҪǵʶ߹ߵʶѾˣоһʶڶˡ
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佣˫ۣеĵɨһ£ȴûзκεǿвѽûжԳӷвڡ
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ڤҲܲ˱ڤغľˣֱӾͳȥɽվһ
ڤĸڤǼڤϳˣΪֳģҲܲܡļȴΪһ˵սûֱӲֽȥħʦҲ뿴ЩʨӴ۵ˣźεȵ͸ֶΡ֮ڸóֵѾˣûֵģڵȣе뿴ߵļȻڿǵ֮⣬ʨӴ۵ĳ֣Ǹ˫Ӵ۶евļһһô


2961 غӷ磡
̣ѣϷ壬ɣǡŮˣɫŮͬһʱ䣬ӭɽڤãսǲѽ˵˫жôǿֻΪŮ֣һǴһλŮ֣ԿǻԪħߣبĵһѽ
ܶԷжȻǱҪˣɽһģһħֱӾͳѹȥʮħ֣֮䣬Ѿ̸Χ
ĸɽĵһĿ̣һ֣˵ǿƣڵħǾԵֵסģ˵Լ֣ҲɽĶ֣ȻѾˣûк˵ĿܡԣˣҲûȥܱڤãȫ֧Ԯ̡
ڤ汾ҪֱӶһֵģȻֶԸɽһڤԼʱɱȥֱӰɽԼڤ壬ɲʲô£ԼڤҪõ壬ͬõǺڤ¿˵ԵĻɽˣԼڤͼһϰ
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ˣȫɵۣǸʲôڤǸʲôʱǿˣȻԸʨӴײһһ¶ûУ˿ѾʨӴѪ⣬Ϊ


2962 Ϊ˶֣
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࣬壬ˣĸڵˣȫΪ֮һرڤ塣
ڤ̶Լ۾ǸʨӴ۶ԿģԼĶǸƽֺеĶӣ죬Ȼչ˵ȻܸʨӴ۴ɸƽ֣Ҳ̫˵ɣҪ֪Լڤ壬ɴûֹ˵ѽ
⵽ôһ£ԼӣʲôʱǿˣǴӺζġ
ȱڤ̷ӦҪ죬ķӦȱڤ̿죬ΪڤȫˣȴΪԼӱشʱˣɽȻ
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̫м壬壬ˮ壬ҲȫʱϵˣΪ֮ǰɳĹϵʧ֮һǱҪ佣˵ģ첻佣Ǹͳͳɱ⣬ԺҲ½ȥˡ
ոոϹͼ˵һĻûһҶģȫվ˸Լ󣬰ǵļڣҲȫɵۡʱʱĿ˿еʨӴ۸ڤغȻֿ˿κһ˶ҪԾıڤ̡
ڤ̣Ҳ֪˳֮ΪĶӣӵǿʵѽǱڤ壬Ҫˣڲķ죬Ƕⲿķ죬˵ֻҪ첻ʨӴնɱպǱڤ壬ǻԪ磬һϯ֮ء
˭֪˫ӴĵˣʨӵףʨӴ۸ղչֳʵҲģȻû֪ʨӴ۳ӷǶģڤغǿԽʨӴ۵Ĺɴ˿ɼڤغǿ
ڤãˣص˱ڤߣڤҲʱӦ˹ʨӴԵıڤغǲͣҡͷʵ棬⵽ôһ£
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񣬱ڤ̲ˣһ㶼ˣԼĶӣԼĳӣԼնıڤһ̳ˣȻӵ˵ʵڱڤغμʱ˭ָվƣЩҪƵˣҪԵķ˭ԸʨӴ۶Կģûаɣұڤ壬ȴһ
ڤЦˣģģЦ˳

һЦܲǸζ࣬ӣĵһ̳˻ǱˣһǱڤġ͡ڣ㱱ڤ̣ȻЦĳѽ
佣ڤ̵ĴЦÿһˣɱ⡣
⵽һôǱڤǼһǺηʥȻԸӷһײɸƽֵġ
ӷ磬ǧֱ
ϹҴһһ󺰣ˣˡǧĸ֡
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ܶˣϲɱɱģһʵǿɱɱվ޷е⣬ڤغˡ
£ʨӴۣ
ԵıڤغĳǰȥϲκεɱӷҲǰȥȫɱȫɢ˿
ȻԷûɱǾ˵ԷͲԼ֣ԼΪеģϴ˵ʵȻ˵ǿӷղžǸо˱ڤغǿУֱӶһȻȲָǰ̬ǻԪ磬Ҳŵ
ħܶء
ӷڤغľǳˣе˼飬ж֮䣬ô־ԣⲻǸԼ鷳һ֣ǾֱжԷģˣȴһ˼ûС
ڤغЦһӷûлش⣬˵һԼû顣
ܶ˵ʨӴǸմģħӦúܴİĽ׶ΰɣôܸоҵħ֮أ
Ҳ˵ˣʨӴۡǧЩǧ磬ΪǿıҲ˵ħʼɣ
ȷ۵ǧ򣬵ȷħʼ档˵ܳưԴǧ̵ģҲǧܸоҵħ֮أҲǺġ
ҲܣɸҶҵˣҲֻ˵˼ˡȻҸ磬Щǿͣ˭˺ҵֵܽãǾֻ·һ죬˺ǣҾͲܷŹκһˡ
ڤغǿЦһ˵̫ˡʨӴۣһεĴǧͳߣ˵ǿأ㵽ʲô磬ʲôλ㶼ˡұڤغκΪУӲλʨӴΪС飬ȷǲԣԶȣұڤغǱڤ壬Ǹ
ڤ壿ڤغ
ǵġ˵飬ҲܣֻǱڤһ·Ϊ֪ҵħжôأҽǿһôĵزʨӴۣǣǿǿߣܳԽǧġ
֮⣬ģֻǧˣ
ᣬҲ˼Ըµ˵ʨӴۣ֮٣ûһԲʲô˵ʲôʾͶ֣һ㣬˵ҲǸˡ
Ҳ̫ˡһͲǸˡղŵ飬ҶˣеģһŮģǼ˰ɣҲǣ
ûҶܣܸСáǵĴ磬ҲǱڤĵһ̳ˣΣգҲܲܡҲЦʵ֮ǰҴûùҵҵĸף֪ҵĵϸ
Ϊ˾ˣΪУţ㣬ҿԭ£ҵֵܽãˣ㿴£ôܲҾ߰ɣ˳ȥյǻԪʨӴۣҪЦˣ
ҪʲôֻҪǱڤеģҶԸ㡣
ӣڤغǺ˵ʵӷ绹治Ķļɱ֣Ϊ˾˲Ŷֵģ֮ǰû¶ʵϿӷ񣬱Լߵˣ˶ѣ


2963 ڤѡ
νէӷȻʨӴۣɶڰǻԪ˵ҲһܵʲôطֻҪһȫµĻǳӦ֮⣬Ƿչ»ڵ򣬾ģǺģӷһˡ
ɰǻԪϾôã˫ӴͳεĽλħ磬£ȥۼĻ治֪ҪʲôʱܷչҲ˵ӷҪڰǻԪ罨һȫµԼڰǻԪȥ˫Ӵ۶ԿǾͱҪ£һħС
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Ȼˣӷ֮ܿڤغħأΪħжô˽⣬Ҳ˵ǧħʼ棬ˣҲǱġӷ֮ԿĳڤغħڲͬΪһħʿħʦӲָħʦȻְҵǣħأ
ӷ粻֪飬ڳû֪ħʦڵһۿڤغչֳ󣬳˳Ծ֮⣬Ǵһ𺳣ļڼڤغħʱޱȵľȣΪڤغʩչģһǴδħԵʮֵĹϣ·ʮңԶµһֹħ
ڳĻ˫ӴڳĻҲһܿĳڤغӵеħǸħһģһʮֹϵħ
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ʨӴԣڤغᣬҲȥ˫Ӵԣ֮ĶڤغȫȥܵģӲվκһ
ıڤ̣ʱ򶼿ʼˣԣԼĶӣȷֵܵסʨӴѽڣΪʲôҪ˵ʾأңӦҪʨӴ۶ڤμǱڤغƾʲôľ
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ڤغĳӷ粻ɱ䣬ǻԪʱɱ䣬ǣڤغ˵ʨӴۣ˵ļˣǱڤԸ𣬳һЩ˵ħҩ֮⣬⸽ʮƷħҩ
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ڤ̾ͷȥҲܲʲôʨӴۣǧˣ˵غұڤħҩ˵;͵ġ
ڤһκϣӷɫ̾ʹ䣬ڤغҲо˳ӷڵɱɢסĸף˵ףʱ򣬿ɲҪΪħҩ͸Ǳڤ֮ѽ
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ڤѽ˵Ŵ˵ʵܸʨӴ۶Կʵȴô꣬ΪĲ㣬ϾԸڣȻǹϵǱڤδӦΪ˼壬ȫӭսǡѵΪΪĿʵԲ֮¡
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ӣ㸸ǲˡǺãҾһԣЩһȫɱҲº󻼡
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ڤغԱڤ˵ףղֻңȴѾ֮룬ȫԣܵеĹ˵Ǵǧˡ
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ףڶʲôʱˣѵһῪЦɡղѾôǧˣûãȻǾ·һǧΪǿȻܳΪۣǧͳߣӦĵǧ򣬿ɲӦģ˫ӴۣҲӦ˴ǧ򣬷ҲʨӴ۽밢ǻԪˣʨӴһɱˣ
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ķڤغǲмõģΪڤ壬ֲòã
˵ҪǵתǹڣļңĻܽȫһڣϢ˫͵Ǳڤ壬ѡվʨӴߣ˫ӴǱߣԲŹǵģ
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2964 ڤսļң
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Ҫû˻ɵȥֱӸӷʨӴ˺ǧҲûȻֵסԼӣɽһˣµľ˵Ҳֻˣ
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ڤֱӳɽҪɽ֮ѽܲܡ
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غҪ֤Ǳڤ壬˫Ӵ۸
׷ģȻѾˣǾװɡ
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ʵǻȥæ
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佣ǣҲҡͷһҪˣڤЩˣɱԼ⼸ҪǿĶ࣬ԼЩˣɽۻɣһܴʲôӡ
ħʦѾ佣ϹߣʵλʨӴۣ
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ϣˡʱʨӴۣɻôǧ򣬶ҲûֻǿŲȫǿԼ˫Ӵ۵ĵ֮һ롣
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2965 ηԣ
˿̵ıڤغѾ˱ڤǰڤĳԱǲܵеĹģΧ࣬Ǹʲô𡣱ڤغ֮Ի˵ľǲ뿴ԼڤȥôڣͱҪվսһеԼڤס
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ڤҲʲô̴ȥ֧ԮڤĸڤȥˣڱڤǱߣҪǵ֧Ԯ
ڤغ࣬˵Ǳڤα룬ġǱڤ򣬰˵ǲӦġµľƣҲѾˣǱڤ廹ļվһ𣬿µһģǱڤˡ
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Ҫᣬ첻ǱƲѣҲκɱ֡ʨӴۣȷǱڤﲻġ
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ʲôѵͿʨӴ۵Ĺɣ
ڤغҡͷǣʨӴ۳˴ǧ֮󣬱󣬻ǿĴڡ
ǿĴڣ
ȷµĵǸңϼйصġ
ңϼ壿
ûһǰ˫Ӵۣ㲻᲻֪ɡ
ˣôǵãѾû¶ˣҲпǰһսǸˣ˶һ
ϼ壬Ҳÿ£ȴǰ򵥣ңӵͬϵħЩ֪ġȻҲ˵ʨӴ۵ıǿĴڣһ֮⣬һ
һ
¿ɲ֪ʲôˣȻǸͬǿĴڣ
⣬һսʦϣҪ⣬ʨӴ۱ǿĴڣҲǱȵҪǿĴڡңϼˣ֮ǰѾ𰢱ǻԪˡ
⻰ˣһ
⣬һսΪʦϣҪǡ
ʦʨ
ûǵʨ¸㣬ʨںܶǰѾȥ磬ңʨӴۣǵʨǱߵӡ
ʨĶӣʨӴۣ
ûӦ֪Ϊʲôһ˰ɡЩֻװˣ
֪ΪʲôηˣԭηģʨӴۣǵʨͣôܻ֪ʨǿڣҲֻǸʨͬһʱġ
ÿһˣܸԡҵܣκ֪ҪɱЩˣҵĿˡ죬ҵһοɱ䣬ȴܱ֤һʹ졣
˵ô࣬ҲѾˡ죬ҲһֻҪҲǱڤ壬ͽ˫Ӵ۶Կľڤغְɣҿʵǿһôĵز


2966 ˳
ʵڳӷԣֻñڤغǷԼһˣպõĵĵطһֱʵԣһˣӷȱٵʲôǿǿ𣬼ȻǱ߲ԼǳӷֻܿԼˡ
ڣͬҶ˷˵ǰ㣬ӷǳãⲻǻԪ磬Ҳ˵ǵһʽ밢ǻԪ磬ڤغڤغָͬʵûָǰ̬ɺԣֹϵħȻǣһȫ£˵Ǳħģ㣬ǹؼڣҲǳӷΪصġ
ֻǳӷû뵽ڤغķӦȻ˵ļң治֪Ǽһ̫ˣ̫ˣΪԼһԾͽȫӷĵĻԳӷԸ˵ѾˣĻڤغЩϻ֮ûж֣Ϊӷ粻˷̫ʱ䣬һ˫Ӵ۷ԼλӣǾͽ˫ˣǿɲǸǵѡѽ
Ȼ˰ԼȥԸǣӷҲ˷ʱˣֱӽ佣ǰ˵˵ز˾ߡ
佣ϹҶͷͬ⣬ôĶǴȥˣҪתƲС
̼Ҳȫ˹ˣÿһ˵ƶǺأӷڤغղҲûչֳеɵĲ˼ǼŮˣѾˣҲǳӷĺ֮
ڤǷҵĶǰ֮ȥðɡڣ佣ңǻԪҲѾˣ˵˵ɣǸȥʲôط
˵ʵ佣ϹȻǻԪˣǣĵطȫûȥѽ
ǻ治֪˽ǰǵģû뵽˸һ·׷ɱˡǣӦû֪
ѽǲܻڶģڵɽǸˣ㲻ҲҪһڴϣĳǱˣôĸҪģ齨Ӷš
½ɳˣƬ½ȻʮģҲվ˵λĻĳѨǿøλʱȰġ
ӷ翴˲ĸһֿۣһ佣Ϲң佣˵ĸţûǵĻҸϹˡ
ӷ粻׵ȥһˣˣǾͲ˿Ļɡ
ĸЩã˵ǵĲᶨٲǾԵļᶨⷽ棬ӷҪ༸ˣɲҪʱΪĸ˵Ĺϵ¶ԼЩ˵٣鷳ʹˡ
佣ҲǣǸǣһ·ġ룬Ǿʹ˷ֵɡ
ȷܲĸǷᶨ֮ǰıһҪģȻڳѾˣ·ôߣԼԼ뷨Ӧò׵˿ơ
ӶţǲΪҪ飬ӷҪģǶԼһñţˡ
˵ʨӴۣ죬Ǳ˳гرжػġ㿴ЩСɫ飬ǼˣպõĵĵطֻҪһ仰ضḰġ
ӷЦһܱģһ仰ʵѾ㹻ˡ˵ʵڤغˣӷԿ϶õϣЩˣӷ绹治֪ǻʲôôӶħӶǻԪ磬ţëһһѾ˵ܲǸ⣬˵ˡ
ɼȻ˿˵ĻӷȻʱ˼ҵӣ˵ȻˣǾͶлˡ
һл˶û뵽ģʲôʱ˵ۣл˵ģֻ˵ģв˵ġû뵽ʨӴۣڲͬѽ
ʵӷһлֻĻϵĲˣڵˣǻĳˣǣΪģҿȻҲ񰢱ǻԪ磬ֻҪǿߣܱ˶ԼôǶԣǶӦõġ
ӷûжķϻҲȥܱڤǼˣֱӾߡ
˿̵ıڤغѾදǱڤغĶ֣Уȫѹסˣӣ仰ʱͳ
ڤǱߣȴӷѾˣֹ֣̾ͣҲѽ̫֣պ󣬶Ȼ鷳ϡȻܽĸȫɱҲˣ˭ܱ֤ĸˣһأֻҪһڤ壬ֵ֮ġ
ͳͳס֡
ڤغҪɱ֣ڤôһһգ࣬ҲʱˣͰɽҲˣֻҪԼܻŻȥұڤҲ٣
飬Ϊֹȫءȥ̷֮ձڤǣκˣҲ
ϵڤ֪ʲôʱʲô飬ڸͲĸˣȻصԼ˵
ڤغܣҲûȥ׷ȻӷѾˣǽ飬һһɡ
ħʦҲûȥӷˣΪ֪ӷλʨӴǻԪ磬˫Ӵ۵ĵλģܴԼ򡣵ҲţȻ佣Ӧ飬պһ쵽ġԼʱǰȫģ˫ӴǱߣҪҲǱڤ壬ֱӻԼģôȰɣǻԪ磬ᱻλոյʨӴֳۣһôĻҾƣ
飬ӷ绹֪֪֮ǰҲģ֪ˣҲҪ׼ʱŻħʦʵҲѾ˽͸ӷ׼ֻҪҪǾ͸һһõȻõıҪ


2967 齵
ǰŸ̤ǣϾ͵õϢɽ·͵ϮȫûһûеɽҲ䲻
˵ʨӴ۳ӷѾˣڤҲѾ˱ڤǣ֪ܿͽ˫˫Ӵ۵ĶУ˫ӴͷڰǻԪ緢չκȻɳڤġڤҲֻǸС壬˱ڤغƣҪ˫ĴҲ˫ȭѵֵģ˵ڤԹ˲ϾͲȥɳ͵ϮɽǱˣҲ˵͵Ϯɽģ
̫м壬ܣˮ壿ӲܣεɶСʱҲһѾ˸Ե֮ȥұڤˣҲпܻ˫Ǳߵ֧Ԯ
Ȼļ壬Ȼ뵽һ棬һȻҲܻǶˣ˺޲ԼЩԶҪȥ鷳鷳أ
ڲ
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ʵ뿪ǺķϵͿʼжˣҽǵͳͳֻͶˡ
һˣڹؼʱ򷸺Ϳ಻ɵϣҲǸˣҲ֮λӡֻΪ֮ǰ׷ɱ佣ǼʱԵ̫żˣֻ»ңϼǸȻȫԼҵˣһԣ࣬ͽپ޴鷳
ǣڸͿһӰÿһϣҲ˶ûˣеĵ棬ȫŽرԵĺܰеëȻ
ʮȫֹͣ˽ŲվÿһˣҲо˲Ծ
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໰Ÿ䣬һ΢΢紵ȴŴ̱ǵѪζϹָܼǰתǴ˵Ǳд򶷹ĺۼ
ۿȥǺֹǴ򶷣ضѪһǾϴģֻûȫϴɾˡ
Ǳ߳ҲڵʱѾסǡ
ڸô죿
ȻѾ˳ǣǻô졣Ϊ֮󣬿취ѰڣڻΪ屨ġڣԼѾѱˡ

˿̣ڳǽ֮ϣһЦˣȫת̧ͷȥͼǳǽ֮ϣվһɫ·ӣӵͷɫģüëҲɫģһͷ
ǶҡɱصˣȫҪˡ
ô취ȡλӣôõĻᣬŹҲңȫͰˡ
ǽ֮վŵģĶңҲĶܣΪ
ͲȴҲֻСһˣֻһʮںˣԼĸƵģʶˣ޷ڵһʱֱͣ
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λڳǽ֮ϣӸ£ǣѾˣȴʱ֣ΪҪƹ壬ǣͱƶ
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Ȼ㶼Ѿ֪ˣҷϻҲ˵ƣǱϾֵܣһԷһ·
̾˿ʱѾǰˣʲô˵ġ
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ѵڣǻ·ȱɣ£ǲݵģǱڤ壬ʨӴۣҶŹǵġֻҪһգȻ
˵꣬Գǽϵ˵ѳŴ򿪣ҳ֮󣬼ƾˡ
ҵĺô磬浱ɵȽƣ򣬾ݹֶҲ֮飬Ӳˡ
ڱ˵㻹ô
εĽƶȥΣĻˣȥԷҲġ
еͷһס˼ƣͻһЦҵĺô磬ȻƶѾˣڣͬͷҲһ˰ɡ
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ٷϻεʲôˣΪҲ֪㣬ǲܸκһΪеġ˼ƣҪƨɣʨӴǱߣұҪл壬ɾ͵ڻģˣ֮ͷΪʨӴл⣬μӽ쿪ʼ壬ʽʨӴ£˫Ӵ۶Կ
ʲôֱӹʨӴ£ɵʨӸ˫ӻûʽսôվ
ԣУһ⣡


2968 壡
ڳӷļƻ˵ҪʩУĵطܣҪǻԪĺĵشȥҲֻں֮أӴľۼأطɾ˫ӳˡ
ȻΣյĵطҲȫģ˫Ӵ۾벻ӷЩ˸ս밢ǻԪ磬͸ֱܵ˫ӳ˫Ӵ۵Ƥӵ£λӶұ¶֮£Ȼܵ˫ӳˣⲻ˫Ӵ벻ǻԪ˶벻ӷʨӴۣȻǱǻԪĺĵش
УɲǳӷЩ˵ܽģر˫ӳǣǻԪ׶ҲԳ֮Ϊ۶ԣӷ˱Ҫڵʱ͵͵ȥκ˷ֻ֣Ҫ˳ǣǾͿԿʼʩмƻˡ
ӷļƻǣƣҲ˵ӷˣҪ˫ӴĴУ֮ǰҪĵһ£ǽ˫ӴĴ
ڣ˫ӳ䵫ɶЩ壬󹫻˵һһ¾֪ܵˡ
һϣ佣Ѿ˫ӳǵļҲ˫Ӵļĺˣ˵ȥ˫˫Ӵ۵ļ֮⣬˫ӳڣҲ͵ļ壬͵ħᡣ壬ǻԪΪӴļ壬ȴһֱ˫ӳǵģ˫Ӵ۳ư԰ǻԪ磬ͳδǧ֮󣬴ӰǻԪĸ½ģҲ˵壬ȫĴ½½Щ壬Ϊ֮ǰǸɻйϵģ˫Ӵǲǣͽˡ
ҹ˾ʱһұȽƫƧùݷڣӷʮˣȫۼΪ䲻ȴ࣬Ҫźλãһ˷֣ضģ˫ӳ˫Ӵ۵Ҫ̣ʲôط⣬һЩϸϵ⣬ͨ˫棬˫ҲϾͻ˹ġ
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ڳӷЩ˵У佣Ϊ侲һͬʱҲʶΪǿһǰǳʮ֮һǵʱĽԣȥʵġ
ڣѾ˫ӳǣ˫Ӵ۵ϼңﲻʲô£ҪһСģֻҪκһ˳⣬˵ģ㣬ϣҿɲ뱻˫Ӵ۰Χ˫ӳڣ򣬾ǧҪ룬ҲǼ׵飬Ӳȫ˵ġ
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ľ˵ﶼҪѡڻ˵˵ǵļƻɡ佣תһ죬ʲôջ񣿡
ľظƣˣӷҲòǣܶаٷ֮ٵΣΪѾ˲ɣ˲õˣ
Ҷ˷磬Ѿڳʮʱˣܶ飬ǶܷĵĽʮҶ˷ҲûκζԳ˲飬Ϊ¹ٵĺ͡
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ϹҲмĻ쵰ֻΪԼ棬μƻģ˵ѣľؾǵзѡ
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Ҫ˵ôȻһֱڸԣҲһֱҵռˣľʲôʱռǵıˡ
⣬ûʲô˵ġһ죬ռ˵ĻҳӷҲ˵κεķϻ
ڲ֮ȻӦһڻ˵˵°ɡ
ϣǺ֣˵໥֮ûоԵΣʲô£ܳɹģ˵һ顣¾˵ǲߵһˣһߣһҲ˵ġ
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ң¼ңμң׼ҡİǻԪ磬⼸壬ôһ仰ҵ£¼ҵĵμҵĽã׼ҵĲơ
佣˶٣˵νĽ£˵Ĳ£˫Ӵڣ붯µ뷨ͱˡ֮Գƽҵ£ΪңڰпǻԪһĴС壬Ҳ˫ӴֱȨҵģκμ岻ԸϷĻǽҾͻɳֱӽν¼ҵĵҵֱӹϵģΪÿһССļ壬ϵֵ֮ģΪɣԼЩϵΪɣһ֮Уɶĺһֳֳķǳ٣ڰаһĴС壬¼ңڰпЩСķɵϵ
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佣˵μҵĽãָľμҵŮˣһĸĸȫ˫Ӵ۵ӣ˳μĽã˫Ҳ֮Ĵ˫Ӵ۵ĳңμҲǿĸã˫ЩسΪܣΪ֪˫˫ӼڲһܽμҵĺĵλͿ˫Ӵ۱ҵˡڿ׼ңǻԪǮģ˫Ӵ۵Ʒɻңư԰ǻԪĲǿ׼֧Ԯģ׼ңҲͶ˫Ӵ۵һ壬ͬʱҲ˫ӴΪεһ塣
ȻǼҼҶǷѽֻ˵ĸ壬һأ
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û֪ϸ˫ӳǵʲôط
£ΣסĴ壬˫ӳ֮ڣֻ壬˫ӳûǵĸۡҲûв鵽û֪


2969 ׼룡
Сĳӷڷص߶ţ佣˵壬ѽرΪ׵壬˫Ӽȥһ֧һ˫Ӵδư԰ǻԪ֮ǰѾ趨˵ģ˵˫˫Ӽ֮⣬˫ӴΪӴǸˣֻϧֵ̫أ佣˵¾£ΣףĴ壬ûĳԱҲ˵˫Ӵ֮⣬κˣ֪ĵϸŶЩôˣħᣬһôĴڣЩǻԪ綼һ֪ģ
ӣҪ˫Ӵ֮ìܣǸһؼڰȴָƣܽסĻ¾ǰĴ嶼㶨ˣҲ̫õġ
˵ûΪؼĴڡҲһûСһ˽⣬壬ÿһʱͻٿһλ飬һģʱ壬󹫻ҪԱϯ
˼˵ǴĻ֣
ûֻҪܻĻ֮УǾлеˡ
עǲĻ飬ʲôʱٿһΣܲʮһΣǻҪʮɡ
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ӷ磬ӵɵ𣡻˫ô˵ֱӻ˫Ӽȥѽ
ľһӵĻÿζӷ磬ͷҪӷһѣѵԼǺ۸̫֣ҵǹͷ˫Ӵ۶Ըǣ
ӷЦһȫͲľصŭ˵ͲµǲңҲϾ˫ӴۣѾǰħˣʵͷԣܻȥͷҲ·һġ
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Ҷ˷û˵һֱڿųӷ۾Ҳ֪ʱ򣬿ǳӷǻԪһҪѽǾԲģӲΪԼ˶ҲƵµıԵȥһԼ˻˫ȴ˫Ӵ۸ˣǶӷ˵ҲǷǳΣյģ٣ľظƣͻһʱ佫ӷ˸¶Ҫ壬Ǿֱӽ˫Ӵ۵ĻڣֻҪľؽһ¶ֱָǼȫĻǾץŴˣʣӷԼ˵Ǳǹ𣿴𰸺ԣǾԲܵġ
ӷҲҶ˷ʵȥҶ˷磬أ
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ҪȥĻһȥֻ˫岻ͬҪ˫ȻҪ౶ġ
˵ΪʲôҪ˫Ҫԭ򡣻˵ֻҶ˷磬ľϣټϰƣл˫ȥκһˣ첻
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˵ʵʱ°Լ˵սˣҲľظҶ˷̧ˣʱҪɼƻͱҪ˵ʵ뷨
˵˵ûȻľظƣǶԣǳ֮ġɼȻѾǣһʩⳡƣǾͱҪȫȫԽʱβҲԽ𡣡
˵֮ǰҲû˵Ҫ˫ѽҿȥͽǰɡ
ӷ˵㣬һȫҪĴڡɼȻѾ֪ǵļƻǾͲ뿪뿪Ļ㣬壬·һ
ӷ磬вң
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ѽ˫Ӵ۶ηһļ̳ˣƾʲôּۻۣ
ھԲʱ򣬾ʶ˵ʶŵ̫Ҳᱻ˷ֵġ
˵ھͶ˵һɡӷ˫Ȼġ
⣿ʲô⣿еĻֱ˵Ѿͬһˣѵʲô˵𡣡
ľ˵ҲеȻѾһʩмƻˣûʲôġ
ӷҲ֪첻Լ뷨˵ľظҶ˷Ĵ˵һҲ֪ģǸʱֱ֪Ӹǣȫͬˡ
Ҫǻ˫ֻΪһ¡Ƕ˫ӴۣҲûҪǰҴ˫ӻ֮ڣһط
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ʥأǻԪʥأҲǴ۱ĵط
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ӷ˵֪ʥأֳʮǹǸط۵ķԴء
˵Ҫ˵̫࣬ܶʱֻҪ˵ǰģԷܲµġ
Ҷ˷ʵ㲻ΪʲôҪ֪۵Դ
ûҲֻҵĺİɡ
˵ĺģ˭֪֪۵Դͻ֪飬ӷʨӴۣ˵Ҫɶڱ˵һ㶼ҪˣٶľǲҪġ
ȻӷҲĽе鶼ľӷҪʥصԭˣǱģһԻģЩҲǹϰǻԪĲͬ塣Ȼʥ۵ķԴ֮أǾһܣҲˣУǰֶЩʲô
ӷ͸о˫Ӵ֮⣬һֻڱ󣬶֣ɾѽһôۣǲģΪʲôҪʮۣʲôôأ
ϵģΨһģǿģӷҪϵģΨһģǿĸҳ֮ǰڤغֹħ˵ڤغֹħҲйءֻǳӷ粻֪ǣǱڤغһˣҲӵǵȹϵħǸˣǵԱ˵Ҳǳӷ壡
֮ڿܽǣˣһʥأбڤغֹħйϵʥʲôط˶ֻ֪۲Ż֪ӷʨӴǸմģǾ˵֪ʥڵģֻ˫Ӵˡڱڤغӷ翴ĳĹħǿȴûܽǿĹħ۷ľ磬ںܶ飬ڤغҲ֪֪ҲһħⲢ˵̫飡
ľ˵ʥظ۵ԴҪĻðһΰɣҲ˴Ӧҵ顣ȼƻ֮ûܸҪҸû꣡
ӷЦˣľѽľأǴͿһʱѽҪûУУãһ𣿳ҳӷֲǵһθˣ
ˣȰǻĴ壬Ļϣ佣ǻ塣ţ˫ˣ


2971 ɱҹ
ɫѾԵıȽİǻԪ磬½ͬĶرʱΣֻҪ΢΢ĺ磬˵Ĺ裬˸еһķë
ͬëİɫѩڳӷϢ뿪ù֮Ľ˫ӳǣ½ѩԽԽ󣬽ʮ֮ڣ͸һѩ׵¡
мҼһĵƹ⣬ҲӴ˿̿ʼ𽥵ǻԪ粻ȵ磬ʱ򣬴󲿷ֵ˶˯֮Уֻ˻ˡĴ½ҪŬĶ࣬ÿһˣٶӵеħ㱾ǱʲΪȥ㲻սȥνǿ֮УÿʱҲŬСʱġ
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ӷ뿪ù֮ûзɢжҪȥĴˣȻɱǣǡӷҲţȻĴʧ˿ڵ鷢һɳȥѰҵģҪˣͬʱҲҪҳ˿ʧٵԭҲ˵ǰ컹ǺҹĴ嶼棬ⲻǳӷֵĺû
һֵϣһ֧飬֧϶Űɫħףױ󣬶һ֣һ֣˵֧Ϊʮ˵Ķ飬ǽҵ
йùģֵ˵ʱѩˣһɰĹǺġ
˵֧ĶӳӱϿҲʮ꣬ʵͿĶԱҲͬӦʮ꣬СҲʮӣⶼǱģȻǽҵˣЩ˵ʵͣ˵Ҳ˰ɣ
ӳ˵ε飬᲻һıѽ
ıô˵
ѽʨӴۣǰɱ˺ܶ˫Ӵ۷ŭĺѽ
˼ǣĴ˿ʧ٣ǸʨӴйϵ
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ѽңϼǿշʮǿԲмȥּĹɡôģЩ忴ֻǸʨӴˡ
˵еȻ㶼ĵ飬ôܻ벻뵽ôأʨӴ涼¶ȥȥѽ
ҲʨӴۣǾֻԼıˣҪʲôʲôǧҪȥ飬ΪҵĳԱӵĻǾͲǱôˣֱӾ·һ
˿̣ӷѾΧҳԱ˵ĻӷҲĺ
ùѽԼôĪıôһڹأȫ͸Լûκιϵ飬ЩһȻҲֵͷˣѵͽ³·
ӷ˫һ׹⣬ǵùȻǱϵģָ˵û飬ǾͱҪ

һ磬ӽҶҵˣʮˣȫȻתоһǿɱȫһ鷢
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ӳһħʿ͵ģһֶƣһָӡ
ӷ֮䣬Щ˵ǰȴǱǵġ
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ǶӳűԼĳӷ磬ȥһ꣬ʵǽҵѲӡ鷳ģϹ
ǸղŲҪȴҹǽҵļ֪ЩˣɲʲôùӳԵġ
Ҫҵˣ
ӳһʱûзӦǿʧ˿ڵģֲǽҵˣʲôƨ
֪СӣȻ赲Ѳ顣ǻĲͷ˰ɣ
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Ҫҵʧٵˣһ£˵ʲôҪҵˣ
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ôҲ𣿡
ӷתԽҵЩˣΪ̫ᣬЩһȫûӷɣǰСǲڴţѽڴţĻǾԲˣټİǻԪ磬Ȼ˸ðʨӴ۵ģǸֱʲô


2972 ðԲУ
ҵѲӶԳȫûʶĿ£Ҳڽִ̫˰ɡǰͲ˸Ҹԣ˫ӴŵĴͼ壬ԣɾ̫ͷ϶ķǳ¡˵ЩǰǴ֮⣬ҵˣκ£κεطŰģǵǿģΪ֪κˣҶǽҵˡ
ʨӴۣȻۣɱϾģᣬڽЩԱȫͲҲ˵ûۼʶʨӴ۵֮ǰ˭ѳӷʨӴ۷ϵġ
ȻǰӷѾǻԪѽҲɱһںܶ˵Ǵεɱ¾ֻǸ˵ˣֻжţմʨӴۣ˵ʵ˫Ӵ٣ûܽ£ʨӴǿ˫Ӵ۶µĵزôֱӽ˫ӴˣʽΪһε
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νĲ֪ߵغΪɵģɣҲԵ
еѩԽԽһ籩ϯ½˫ӳڣ̶̵ʮڣϣѾһıҵԳӷ磬ÿһˣһ
ֵǣʱˡֻҪܽνʨӴɱˣǾ͵ǰ˫Ӵ۲һвպ󲻹ǽңЩˣλ֮ˡ
ӳһδͻȻһǿѾǸסˣǳӷɢģӷɲΪ֪ļһһ󺰣ͰԼļƻƻˣһ˿ҲȻҵˣǳеʿġ
ӷûýҵѲӺ£ÿһˣѾڿ˼ƣҪӷͷ¡
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ڳӷ֮ڣЩҵĳԱʵȻҲһ㣬ûʸԱҵһԱɱˣӷѾµõ˲񷶦ҲѾ˲񷶦תۼ䣬ͷ˱仯ҵˣͻһƬڰ֮УһƬѪɫĺڰһƬĺڰһͬĿռ䣡
ʲô
ѲӳûԶȻı仯еһĲ
ӷվԭأһҲûЦЩСɫҲԼǰ˵ҪɱԼֱ⻹ҪԼ𣬲ѾչĶħ˷ΧֱӾͽѲӵʮ˸Χ
֪ۣ֪֪۵
ӷԵĺƽֲǿĵˣȫͲҪκս׼ġ
ѵǴ˵еĲ𣿡
ⰢǻԪ磬ûʶĴ˵ȴǶġ񷶦Ϊ֮ףӵеļڰǻԪʹˣ˵԰۵һĴ˵͵۵Ĵ˵
еʶûǲǾãʵʸ𣿡
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Ѳӳ֪鷳ˣѽȻǲͬѽΪʲôԼ֮ǰֻ뵽һʨӴۣûȥӵеء
ӳ˵ʨӴ۲ӵһס˴ǧһ֣ԽЩɱˡ
ѵһ᲻֪𣬻Ҫѡ
ѲӳǺڣģкҩĻԲܻӷģѡܣȥ֪ͨǽҵ˫ǰ֧ԮڣҪҾȱڲ֮ڣȫͲܣ
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ľظҶ˷Χһ£Ҳܶˣڲ֮ȴûܵǵһΡ
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ʲôԵġһһʲôӳݻңȻССĹͣλͿһ𡣡
Ҳˣǿֻʮʱ䡣
ʮ죬㹻ˡΪҲʲôģȻѾʼ˼ƻҲ˫ӳңõʱļҵȥңԴġ
ӷЩȫûнҵ˷ˣǵ棬ԼҪִеļƻ˵˳
ѲӳʵǣǵǽҿɲǺǵġ
İɣȻҪҿԱ֤ţһ˫ӳǵġŶˣʲôˣ
Ѳӳ˵ǲܸҽнġ

ԲУѲӳǸԲУˣҪðңҲԲеķʽڽҰ£ȻҲеģΪӷҪ̸ѻȥͱһҪģŮðˣе鷳Ϊüƻõʵȥ¶ӷѾİţʱҲҪıһ¡
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˵νҪһԲСʱۣҲԹϻ˵ʲô¡
Ǻạ̃½һ£¸Сѻңǻ¼ҡ
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ǻʲô£ͽˣˣôɱôɱ֮ڣֵĻᶼûС


2973 ƣ
ڲ֮ڣرڵĲκӳȥ˫Ӵۣһ˲ҪҲǼ׵飬Ͼ֮ףȻۣ˫Ӵ۵ùڻδƵ֮ǰѾʱĵʨ˰ǻԪ磬˫ӴҲ֮УΨһһûûдǧģ
ڲ֮⣬һƬκˣҿڵķΧ֮ڣһַĵη壬֪ǰʲôƵģνѷ߱֪ΣգǿǿߣȥǵǱʶУҲͻȻһһǵ
ǶǾԵģڲ֮⣬ͳһˣһȥͲǺܴȴһǿħ꣡꿴ȥʮӣɫĹۣͷһǻʹڵñӣ߹ʣǿʵ˵һ۾ϳӣȻ˫ӻңҲ˫ӼĳԱ˫ӼݸλǾԲ׵ģŹۣͷʹڣû´Ļ꣬һ˫Ӽеĵϵһǳп˫Ӵ۵Ķӣֶ֮ģ
˫Ķǰʹ翴ĲУȴչ¶Ƶġ
ҽ湻˵ģܳ񷶦Ƕҵʵдȵ
˲񷶦Ȼ˵Ҫ˲񷶦֮ףȻ˵ԾҪԣֱͲ˵ĻȲǷʲôֶΣܳ±˳Բ˵Щܳԣ񷶦ҪĴڣܳԵ𣡵Ȼ˵ĳԣӷҲѽһֱӳ˵ģ뵱ôģǱӷ
һ㶼ţԲҲпܻᱻеĳӷ緢֣ȴһνӣڵȴʲô㡣
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ʲôˣ
ȻתɱҲʱǿɢһתۼ䣬һǿѹסˣ
ʱеΣӣԷһѲļһȻʵԲ̫ߣҲͲܸԼκвģִɱתٶ˵һһǳ鷳ҲǳѲĽɫ
ҪزصģʨӴۻû֣Ǿͻһطɡ
ʲô˻ʱɱأǲܻ˫ˣҲܻ˫Ӵ۵ˣΪǻԪ˵һ֮£֮ϵ
̼䱻Ƴˣһֱʧֵϡ
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ԡѪмλϣ󣬾ȻҲһӰңֱӸһģֻӰ񲢲һֱǱеķ
ȻܸҡϢӦǸŮ˰ɣ
ʮ꣬Ϊݵ⣬Ůˣǰģһžŵĳ
ȻϳԼԱӰҲûҪˣֱӾֳվǰ
ŮˣӦ˵ŮģǿһѽСȴ˺üֲͬʣգɫһһ˿͸ĳȡ
Сӣղ񷶦ע𣿡
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ҽСӣ㻹ǰǻԪĵһ֪ղŶҵĳƺһˡ
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ʲôʨӴ۵ŮʨӴͲôôŮ
ⲻʵģϸҹҲֱӸ˫ս
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Ыһ㶣űʵ
ֻүүĵܣүүǵʨ
Ҳ֪Ҳ򲻹ⶾЫӣôͽүүɣΪ˫ӴֶӵĶЫӣӦ˵ʨŰɡ
ңʨ
ûô˰ɣұ竣СӻԶءҾ㣬飬ǵûֱ̾ɱ˫ȡͷ˫˭Ҷҡ
óӷ粻ڵĻһᱻѾͷʮѧˣ


2974 ɱ˫
˵ʵʵԼǿǿߣں׼֮ƴҲǰÿһ˶ӷĵƣ򲻹Ҳûɱ˵ڵķȷģȻҴ򲻹㣬Ȼǰ竣Ҳͬķѽ
ʨӦ˵ǿǻԪ磬˭˲֪˭˲λĿʦңĵʨ֮ǰѾǰǻԪһˣʧپãɺܶҲ֪ǵǲ׵ȥģһǵ磬Ľλȥˡ
񱬱ʨţЫӻĺܳԾҲ֪ʨӴ۳ӷ磬ǵʨǱߵӣû뵽첻˸ʨĶӣʨŮܹˣֱӾͷԼ
춯ǰλǧС㣬ЫĲұ֤ʨ᲻ʮǰǴһֱܵ˫ӹ֮⣬˵仰û˸Ҷһµġ
ԭλĳС㣬ʧˡ
ʨǱߵϣ˫˫Ӽ壬ûв֪ģЫȻҲ֪
СӻͦʶġȻ֪˭ǸСһ㡣ڿʼ̻ᶢġ
֪ǰЫӺΣգղž񷶦ɵһӵôǲ²͸
С㣬ڿڸҴΪУ֮ǵˣȻǵˣҪôֶȥԸҵ顣ϷϷĹҪƻĻͬƻ仰ǲǾú죿
үү˵ĻΪСʲô֪ҿԸ㣬ҵΪУ񻹲ʸиĻǸ󲮹ҵزǧŪ
ǸյĻͲôˣҴ󲮾սȥˡ
˵ûҵڻûоԵİաаյĻᵽһ㶯ûȻҸǻԪ粻ãɹǰһսһ˵˵ġǰ󲮸֮սˣҲһ˵˰ɣ
Ыɫһ䣬ǰһսǻԪ綼֪ȴûκ֪ԼĴ󲮣˫Ӵһսˡô֪ġ
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Ҵˣҿɴδ˵ǵ˵ˣǰһսҲܰɣ
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2975 ̹
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һŮˣֵ׷һ꣬ߴ򣬱ߴ򻹱ߴثʲôģı׷ŴߣûȥΧǵıˡ
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2976 ϼС㣡
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2977 ˫ӴԽӼ
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ѽ˵˫Ӵ۵ֵܽãǾӦ˫ӻң˫ӼеĵϵǿߣЩǿߣӦѾ˫Ӵ۸ĵ˫ӳȥѽӦóġ
ԣٸĴţһӡ˫Ӵ۵ӣɼȻ˫Ӵ۵ӣЫΪ˫Ӵ۵ֶӣӦóΪŶѽΪʲôǹùã
Ы˺󡣡
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Ыʮĺ˼һװٸòҲˣʶˣȻһ۾ϳνμҵĽãٸ˫ӳ֮һμҳΪμĽ֮һλ顣
Ы֮ԳλΪùãΪڶЫӺСʱ򣬾μ棬Ǹʱμҽûδ˫ӻңΪμҵ˹ϵҲǳãù֮ƣǴǸʱģöֳ֮ƺҲĲˡ
𿴶Ыӱ治󣬿Ҳˣ˫ӻң˫ӼĳԱھɻҵʱѾ£ڣÿһԱͣȻСЫӣѾˣԱͣͿ֪


2979 ѣ
κǿħɢǿɱӣμҹҲȷѽȻ򵥵Ļ˫ӴҪһλ߶ԣʲôҪȻƺֻнƺˣȹ̸ľƣһУȫԼ
ԣ˫ӴȢμĽãǿǵɫֻǿɫĻôܵһŮûС˫ӴҪģֻһֶΣһƺֶΰˡ
ȻѾΪ˫ӻҵĳԱΪμҽõλ飬ڵȻܲܣΪ˫Ӵ۵֮һҲǲܸ˫ӻԱһ˫Ӵ۸ɳȥģԼеȫɳȥʲôѵ浱˳Ҹϼ岻ɣ
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2980 Ǹ
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ںܵģ˫Ӵ˵һԼĸ׸᲻ԿѽѾϵıƴˣǻۣڱ֮ϡ
˵Ȼӷദʱ̣ҲӸ˽⵽Լĸһôˣһ棬Ƕǿеǿߣǻ۷棬ӷǻۣҪҪǿĶࡣ˵ıƣˣǳӷһ׽һףˣһнһеġ
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2981 
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Щ˵ܸ˫ԿȥˣܾȳҲֻΧ֮Сǵ٣ʵף˫ҵǧҲ֮䣬˫ӴڵеһѽԣҪȥУⰢǻԪ磬ΨһܶõֻǸңˡ
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2982 ǣ
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˵˫Ӵۿ϶ӷ˾½Ҳ֪ӷѾ˫ӳǣ㣬ǶЫ˫Ӵ㱨ġ
Ȼ˫ӴҲܿ϶ӷȻ᲻˫ӳڽģ֮ǰϢ˵ӷܵһСȥˣңǱ߻һЩ飬Ҳ˫Ӵ벻飬һڤ壬һ壬ȻҹȻվڳӷǱߣⲻò˫ӴġⰢǻԪ磬˭ֻҪվڳӷǱߵģ˫Ӵ۶ŹȽ鴦֮󣬾ĩˡ
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ãΣҪˡǰΪһǿӣûй㡣һʧˣǿ壬ɾ군ˡ
վߵŮˣǿĵϵֻΪʵ֮£ڿݸλû˸ߡ
İɣһΣһɹģֻҪܻɱʨӴǱκһˣһ󹦼ģܻɱʨӴ۵Ļǿ壬λǸص֮ϣΪһ֮ˡ
õҰĻ湻ģȻҪ˫ӳǵ֮УΪ壬һҪΪм֮סҰģܶʱҲκһˣκһ֮ء
Ѿע⵽ǱߣǼŮ˱Ƚرһħǰ֮ħÿһˣǿɱңȺƶӦúûܸǱУǱУڱ֮ϵġ
Сѣӷ綼ûļϻҲܿű˫Ӵ۵۸ˡ˵˫Ӵη˰֣ҶԱɱ֣ΪӷŮǾԲܵκίģ򣬾˶
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Ҳ˵Ǵӵʨ뿪ǻԪ֮Ϊ˸Ŀ꣬ÿһرڵ˫뽫£ϧǣǵķǿҳڵǶսʿûΣʱ򣬹ԼһΣڵÿһˣ齨ӣз
ΪرǣڰǻԪ磬ÿһ½ϵĳУģֻǣģңϼ壬Ҳû˵ԼģֻгڵϹڵϼĶѡ
ǵĳſڣһ޴ʯʯ̵ģǳе֣ǡϡ֣ԼȴǵϼģǺܾ֮ǰǵĳõע⡣ȻϼӲ˵ԼģɳڵΪ˵õӣǽϡڳſڡ
˭ʲôݣҲãǣ˵ϱ֮£ʲôͨߣͳͳҪУǶԵϼ££ڵǣǾԲŹġ
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ڵۻ۵˻صǺ󣬻ʮ壬֮ھвͬϢ˵ǵʨ˾磬ң˵˫ӴΪηʨӴۣҲǵʮεۣǵʨǱߵӣǵǸе˷ܡ
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ӷ̾˿ӣ˵Ҳǰ˵
ȻˣҿɾҪˡ
ʲô
ǣӷ˻һʵҲûκε𾪣ǱΧ˿Ц㡣
һڳӷ˵ͺԼɵƵģ
СӣҲʲôطǣ
ڣĿҲֲˣûΪӷһ䴳ǾͶ֣һǴͷ˵Сӣǣɱ˫ӳǻҪϸ㲻ǵĹǾ뿪ɡǲӭġ
ӷʵĸ𣿡
ûνĸΣȫֻǵľ񣬼ҼһаųеĴС
ʲôأҪȥϼ壬øÿ򣬾ͱˡ
ϼ壿ڿЦ𣿾ȥϼ壬¡ǿȴԲκˣңϼ¡ˣС¡
ӷѽҪԼɲܱ֤᲻˵ģһǳ˷ʱ䡣ӣҲֻȱԼˡ
ǴʨӴۣ˭Ҷ
磬ʨӴۣ
ӷԱţſڵˣȫסˡ
ԣһʨӴ۵ţÿһˣǡ
ӷ粻Ҫй¶Ͼǵϼĵ̣Щص˶ԵϼأȻҲ̫ΪԼɡֻδ֤ʵ˵ʨӴ۾ʨӴ
㣿ʨӴۣͣһǧ궼ûаɣ
ȷҲʮͷѡ
ʮͷʨӴۣ㵱ɵ𡣳֤ԼʨӴۣ򣬽ðʨӴۣȥġ
ðɣ²ǴˣҲµϼˣ˰Լҡײƭ֮ˡ
ʱ䣬ӷ类ΧҰΧӷģ˳ſڵĿ֮⣬ЩˣЩһȻ֮䣬֯װһħȫ׼˳ӷ磬ʱᶯ֣


2984 һս
Ϊǰһαʣϼ忪ʼû䣬ǴαʵǲǱˣǰ˫Ӵ۵ĵ֮ʨҲ뿪˰ǻԪ磬ۻ۵ҲԲͬħа𣡵ڵ飬ۻ۵ʸΪʱʵʱڼңԶڵǳǺ֪ģֻ֪ʱȫ˼ˣҲ˲˵ˣڵʱҲֻеʨһ˶ѡɵڣۻ۵Ѿصңʱˣڵ飬ؿƿһ䶼ԸϼһμҲǵʨǼĸףǳ֮еġ
ԽԽأľˣǰ˫ӴһսҲԪʹĵڱۻ۵ң֮󣬾һֱڴϡʱǿŵرס˵ڵĵֻʣһˣȴֵôϡ
ŵܵʹ࣬۵˵жˡȻ֪ǳôģȴԼܸоĵǳʵķҪԭΪԼ
ʱ䣬ɵ۵չ˵ģǣ֮䣬һ仰Ҳû˵ǵۻıȽ϶ࡣżʱ򣬵۵Ҳŵɹɹ֮ģԭǽܣҲµȴû˵еļ飬ʣµģֻһʹˣ
죬֮ϣɫǳ԰ףˣԵ۵Σңһ֮⣬һ͵Ļ԰԰ڣǻԪʻʲô͵ĶУдŶصģʳ˻
ͦġ
ڣһοڸ۵˵ˣ۵Ķ͵һҲ˵Ҫ֪ôģҪ֪ǳôģʣԼĴ𰸣ԼһģĻԼ͵ǵϼˡ
ǺεĵϼѽһεۣҪԼϼ֡أշʮ壬ңҲͽԼˡ
㣬оõ𣿡۵ʵƢٲãڵĵʱҲ˵һػ
ǲǾãڵңܿЦ
ѽǵĻڵ꣬ԼϼãǺεȵ磬Ȳ˵ģǵʨʦţˡأһ֮ˣʨڣۻ۵ҪչԼѵԼܾԼЦ
ǶѾǵˣ˵ǿЦֻ˵ǳˡ
ѽǶѾǳˣû˵Ű衣ںη㣬Ҫչңϼ壬Ҳеµİˡ
˵磬ңǱѾɼˣӣжӣһŮ
ûɼˣĸУһɼҵġÿһˣӦӵԼҸԼļͥڵϼı֮£ڴǿ֮£˵еĿƽƽһҲԲ˸ǵġһжһˣһжѾƫĹ
ǰ㣬ϲκεϲκεɱ¾ֻһƽͨˡңֺγأܿϧڵϼ壬ǵ·ͲԼȥѡ񡣸׵ȥȥû䣬һеһУһֱҪ𰸣ϧǣڣҶò𰸡
۵Ѿߵ˵ǰ֮ϣԵʮֵľɥȻѾܴˣǿ˵кңԶһξģֻϧǿĵҲѾ;ƿˣ
֪Ҫһ𰸣ҲҪһ𰸣ܸǴ𰸵ģֻһˡԲҲ˵ҴӦġ
Ȼ㲻˵Ҳ˵֪һֱڵȵģʲô
ʵ˵ʵŵܵʹ࣬۵ĵҪֻϧһֱڼֵĻš۵ĳһ;ƿݵˣ˵Ļȥһڵȴʲô
˰ɣϵĻӦþˡ
̾˿ͻȻ䣬Уһ⿪ʼҡħķڶҡ۵Ȼ̧ͷͬʱۻҲѾ˽
񣬺Է˱仯ûȥ۵Ҳûȥĵۻ
磬ǲ˴ˣ۵ʵ
϶˴ǣһΣɸǰһȻĴµħҡߣͨˡ
᲻˫Ӵۣ
ܣȥ
ˡ
ǲ԰׵ϣͻȻ¶Цݣһ˷ܵЦݣһ֮ǰõһеЦݣȵ۵һʱҪ˷ܡ
ˣ
ϣ͸¶⣬Уһѹ⵶֡
ĵܣʲô
ۻһְס˵ȴɢĹħˡ
۵û뵽Ȼʱվѵ˫ӴɱԼۻǴ򲻹ģʨڣֻе֮ˡ
ĵܣҪڵ塭
磬㣬ǲõģģǵˡ
վеһӣ춯أǣ
Ȼħ޵ռĵܣڱıһѽ
Ľ㣬ҵȵˣˡ⽫һսǣ뿴񣿡
ȵˣˣһս
۵ۻ໥һۣʲôˣȻǵˣǾͲ˫ӴۣɲǵˣΪʲô˵һս
Ҳȵۻ۵ʣֳĵѾȥſǱ߷˹ȥ
磬ϸȥȻµġ
áϵϹȥ

顭
Уһֻ޴ϻ֣ǵۻ´ʮȫſǱ߾ۼ˹ȥ


2985 սʥ
ڳſڱΧĳӷ磬ʱѾɱԼǵģҲ˵ǽģһҪϽ赽˿ĵ飬һǱ߳£ӷɾֱʧȥΨһŮѽ˵ʱ˿̣˭ԼǰңϼˣҵҲӷ綼ɱġ
ڵϼǿߣӷһҲ˽⣬Ӳ֪ϼжٵԿ϶ǣǰЩˣԲܸϼκιϵȫһЩͨħߣҪɱǣһͿԸ㶨ˡ

ӷ絥һӣǺú˵ûãǾɱ¾֤ҵݰɡ

ǿĿ磬˷ӷֱӻԼɫĹâڳӷг֣ûκεԤף˷ĿУ꣬ЩͺҪƵģǺεӴ󣬿֪ӷ绽Լһ˶ٵꡣ
Χӷ紵Ŷվȣ꣬ҲѾΧӷ˸ΧסˣʮסһˣҪЩ˸˺ɷƵģңÿһ߱ȫΪħߴħȫչֿ
Դӳӷ紳˱֮ÿһѾȻΪǿħˣЩʲôʲôȼǰͬϰС
ˣСӺǹŹ֣ȻһԾͶߴħ
һԶߴħӷ绹ûǸ£ⶼԼڣҲ˵ÿһͬʱӵߴħֻΪǰӵеߴħͬˡ
ǲ񷶦֮䣬ͿԽΧ˸ɱԼ֮ĩȻģҪɱЩСɫҲǼǳ׵飬Ҫõʱ䡣
ӷû뵽ǣԼҪɱʱͻȻ֮Уһֻϻ֣漴ӷ͸о˴Լ߾ۼУһǿޱȣʮֶصħӷϣδֵܵסˡ
ʲôˣȻӵǿʵ˫ӴƥеѽҲԼĸ׳֮µѽ
ѵǵϼĶǿ𣿵ϼԼĸ׵ʨ֮⣬Ȼ˵ǿߣӣʱҪûģϼ壬Ȼǲͬѽ˫ӴЩûҶǣҲΪ˵ǿߴڰɡ
ʵӷ粢֪ǰһսǰ֮ǰڵϼʧ֮ǵǶǿԼŽᣬǵħ󣬲ŵֵסǿϮģ
ħļ
ӷ˿̽ԼһգȻ˵ǿߵǾͲҪ˷ЩСɫϣγ֮⣬ҪôǧˣһҪǴǧ
ǵǰӷһǻԪ磬ʶָָڵߣɻָ֮ѽ
쿴ǵϼĵۻ˷ĺСӽˣȻ˵ۻˡ
ԣ˵ۻ֮⡭ʲô
һѪֱ֮£Ѫ֮һӰѾ˳ǽ֮ϣ˿ϵͲ󣬵ȴɫ԰ףɲ԰֮࣬ǹǿǿҵս⣬ȴκˡֱһѵһѪɫĵʮӴǵǰһӣ¡һǶ
ӷȥһע⵽ģǳֵ֮ˣǰѪɫĵһѪɫˮɣڵϣĸϵ֡¾£
¾£
ӷ翴ĸ֣ôоҲʮֵϤʥɱкѽȴ۵ʥðƻҪǿĶ࣡
ǵϼģǵˡ
ûǰ˫Ӵ۵ĵǵϼʨ֮ĵһǿߡ
ϼʨ֮ĵһǿߣҲ˵Լĸ׳֮ˡ
鷳ˣû뵽ϼ壬Ȼ˵ڣȲ˵ʵɣ͵еǰѵǿޱˡ
ϵڶˡ
ӷߣһŮ˵ŮˣҲ˲ʶɵȴǰΪŮˣϼŻչǰģΪŮˣǰĵŻ˫Ӵһսġҷû뵽ҷȻҲǣ
ϼڶ˵ôţ𣿡
ӷЦһԷȷţ棬ʲôϵڶ˵ĻӷͲ
Сӣǵʨĵܣѵǰ˫ӳǵһս㲻֪𣿡
ҷʵǸǵģҵģû뵽⻹ûǣͷ顣
Ȼҷˣɲɵϣϼڵ֮ʮļ룬ʣô˵ֱӾ;أأӷҲǸõɡ
ղ˵ʨӴۣ
ҷֱӷʵ
ǲǲ𡣡
Ҳǵˣ֮ǰ˵ʨӴۣһ治šڲͬˡȻԹˣǾ֤ݡ
֤ҵôս⣬ҴܵġʨĵܣҴܣҿɫ԰ףӦˣȴҴܣëԲƬԶ˰ɡ
˵ģ㻹ͷһ֪ǰһս֮󣬵Ϳνȫһˡ֪ɱȴˣ֪Ͷûۿ˵ԽԽˣҲǡˣĺϷһӣδؿĵˡ
Щˣǰ񡣡
ȷʸ񡣡
ǱߣҲ񡣡
Ҳʸ񡣵ԼҲ˵ˣ񻰣磬ǰǻԪ磬ǵʨĶӣڰǻԪ磬ģʵ
ӷ˫׹һߵҷʵô֪ǵʨĶӣ
㲻ҪôԾڰǻԪ磬ʨӴ۵ݣѾʲôˡҲ벻ͨȻҶ֪飬ϼ˲֪ܲѽ֪˭ΪʲôҪأʵ˵⣬Ҫǧ㱾ʵԣǧĻᶼûаɡ
ҷ˵һ㶼ûӷָľʵ£ûᶯǧ򣬸οһָҪĵ
δذɡ
ӷЦһһ֣ǰһѾ޴ⳤѾɢǿ
ҷȥ˱߿ųӷ޽ɵľʥãǳãսʥϼˣ


2986 Ǿɣ
ϼΪǿıʥʺɡеʥʺɡڷ֮һܱķ֮ڱˣд˵ȵı֣ϱŸ޼ɵĴ˫
ڵϼļ˵ɴûͬʱǰģʥͬʱ֣һͬʱͬһطҳ֮ˣȥҪսⲻòǵˣҷе˷ܡ
˶˵һʥڶڵ֣֮ʥȴ֮ǰŵʨһͬʧˣͬʱ֣˵ʲô֤ӷʨӴ۵ݵĻǾֻ˵Щ̫ªˣ
ʥڳ۵ģںܾ֮ǰӷͿʹˣŪǸʲôطʱٻʥӷǰҲû̫ãֻǴһɱʮʱչֳһε磬һλǸ˳۵ʥ֮ϡ
񣬳ӷҪƾԼʵʥ緢ӳһҪǧϾǰǽڳ۵ǿߣǰܻ˫ӴۣĽ죬ͬԻ˳ӷʨӴۣ⣬һǿ˵ҪͲսҪսǾƴһսġ
Եڵ˵ӷҲԿĹǹս⣬ǿɲģ֮䣬Ǿ춯ء
ҷ˵һ˶ɣǰ֤˵ʵҪ֤սʥսʨӴۣ˵ֽһȫµʷһƬȫµĹâεĴս¼δҲޱȴõģҪΪ¼˵СɫСС飬ͿԳԼʲôˣΨ¼ǰһսһսȫһҳ
һ֧ʣһ֧ëʣһССļ¼ᣬҷٶȣǰһĻҪһսĹּ¼ͬʱҲҪһĻĻս龰Ǵӷ綯ʱԼ޷ǵٶȣսǰսһĻǲ©ģҲ͵ǰװ˷Ĵûᡣ
սʥبǰһΣԲеڶˡҪеӷʨӴеʥ˭ǿ˭
һսɡ
ǽϵĵȷ룬ΪϼĳԱһĵңһ仰͵ϼ´ûκˣȥ赲ġ
ӷ罫ʥһȻ˿ҲͲˣһսôҲ˷̫ʱ䣬ŵϼǱߵӦѾˣһ֮⣬Ӧûǿߴڣ
ſڵѾóһ·ʥĳӷ磬ֱӾ˽ȥҷҲ˺档
ûУСģǲǵϼĵڶʥ
ǣңıڻʥĻ񡣡
Ǿ˵ʨӴˣ
⵹δأʨӴ۵ĻôܻܹһսȻ˶ˣСҲ򵥡Ǹղû֣һǡ
Сӵʵ磬ȫ
Ӧòߣȴӵ޷µ
˵֮£ӷѾ˳ǣڰ֮Уӷһͬһȥ
ҷ˿ԥ¼ӿٶȣҪϳӷ˵ٶȣʵ̫ˣ쵽ҷûļȥֻ֮УǵϿգѾһǿҵĵǵˣҷڶμʣһ¾
ͬʱĳӷ磬ʥҲɢǿҵĽһһһһأͬʱͬʱʣҷпһǵ赣Ψȸߣ
ৡ
춯ءۻ۵ʮҲѾȫϵˡ
ǵλãȴңһƬյأҲһ˫ӳǵǸԡѪֻûǰѪɫû˫ӳǵǸԡѪ
ľʵÿһжеģֻôǲͬġ˫ӳǵԡѪֳģǵֳֻµġ
еĵѾӷֳʥҲѾվ˾֮ϡʱ˿̣˶ҪκεķϻһвҲӡ
ۻ۵ͬʱ˾ΧʮȫǵҲ˹˫۾ȫ˳ӷʥе֮ϣǽ֮˸ˡ
磬ǲǴʥ
ûˣû뵽ʥȻ˵ķʽ֡أˣǳӷˡ
ţʨӴۣӷ磬ǱߵĶӡ벻ͨǣĵӦ֪С˭ѽΪʲôҪˣ
ĵһֱڵȴʲô֪ĵȵˣǳӷСˡ
˼ǣĵ̽һ³ӷʵûи˫Ӵ۶Կı£
Ȼ밢ǻԪ磬Ǿ˵ˣСӵʵѾ㹻ˡѾƿס˴ǧѾоԵʵ˫Ӵۿˡ
Ȼ̽ĵ
ȿɣĵǲЩûġǿסһҲԲǵȳӷ֮һսġĵܱضɡǾ͵ſĵܵĺ«ʲôҩɡ
ӷеʥֱָȴûж֡
ɵȴһȫӷӣ˵ӷ绹ûж֣Ҫ侲
ǲ԰׵ϣ¶һ˿Ĳɫһɶصħʼۼ
ӷ翴ŵʵС
Цұ֮ϣ壬ʮС
ûԱ˵ȷǳӷ壬ǰǻԪߵˣйϵóӷеӦ
ҸףʮУӦõġҪ֪ǻԪ磬ɲԵʨӵģʨӴ۵ġԣ㲻ҪңңҲͲˡͬһ϶ְɡ
ǴĶӡǾɡ


2987 ʮһеľͷ
Ҫ򣬳ӷҲԼǵĿġԼŮɻ˫ӴţԼǵģɲҪΪһʱս⣬ѴˣʱһǱ߾ͻչжǸʱ򣬷ϾҪٶ༸˵ˡ
ǰǿޱȵĵǴˣҲֵܵסӷǧ򣬳ǳӷľƴû˿ʤġɼȻҪҲκεȫǵ˶أԼѾԱ˼ţǶ˵ʵɱ˫ӳǶҪصĶ࣬Ͼǵϼĵ̣ˣҲվڵϼߵġӷǵʨĶӣܲñ˵ΪʨȴΪ߰ɣڳӷպķչɾ޴谭٣ӷûеϼˡ
Ҫ֣Ҳ⡣֪ǵĿģ
ʲôĿģֱ˵
Ҳӷϻûʱ˵ϻˣΪʱͲˡҲԼ˵ǰ㣬⣬һսˡ
ҽǰΪŮ˫
оۻ۵ɫȻһ䡣
˫ôһ£
ܰɣѾͷ֮ǰҴǵϼ壬Ҳȷݣɳȥ˵ҪתתͻģҶ绹ر𽻴ȥ˫ӳǵģôܻᱻ˫
Ȼӷ統ʱϣ֮Իǰһ밢ǻԪ磬ǳģұĸɲСѽս밢ǻԪ磬ֱܵϼˣӷЩˣûֱϼʸ
֪ѾͷҸ׽ġԸ񣬾׵Ķ͸֪ʲô֮ҽģϾҵ磬һûȫߵʵԣܶõֻǵϼˡ
۵ʵӷ磬˫ӴǱߵ̬ô˵ʶģҴϣӦòԱɱ֡
ǣ
۵ϼ
ǲӦóùˣ
㲻Ǹ׵ˣҲûҪҷϻֻҪңڵôˣ
Ϊʲôᴳ˫Ҳ˫Ӵ۾ñӦ֪һʱ͸˫Ӵ潻սң˵ʲô¡Ҳ׵ĺģϾģǱĸףĴЩȫ˰ǻԪ磬군ˣ˫Ӵ۶ҵǧ֮ҪԸĵһĿ꣬ǵϼ塣ʱȫǵˣȫᱻɱ⡣Ҫ˫Ӵ۶ҵǧûǵʵô˵ۡ
ȷ˫ӴۣܳǧģҲֻۣһ˫Ӵ۵õ˳ӷǧΪ֮ˣͳͳҪ
ȻˣǾͱϻˡȥ˫ӳǡ
Ϊڣе鷳ˡ
ӷ翴˵ļʻûŹԼġ
ۻ˵ĵܣȾΪء
ˣȻҪȣӷܽӵסһУ͸һ壬סʮУʮʱͳ죬ȥˡȻܽӵסʮһУǶ磬㣬Ҳ鷳Ƕλһˡ
ʲôʱˣȺеҷͲǵԸѽ
ӷЦһ˵ʮأ
ûʮУʮһУΪʮһ֮󣬱Ѿҵľͷˣľͷ
˻һۻ۵ȻһѾѻ˵ϣҲ˵ÿһУǶչֳʮһ֮󣬱;ƿݵʱ
ĵܣǺαأ
磬Щ飬ұҪҲΪʲôҼֵڵΨһԭ򡣡
һֱڵһ˵ĵˣɾǳӷˣ˺ܾúܾãʱ䣬ںܶǰϼ巢ʱ˵ʱһֱڵˣȵڣӷˡ
ǡ
ۻҪȥֹɵ۵ȴֹס˵ۻ˵磬ĵܻ֮ڣΪģǵȳӷ硣Ǿȿʲôɡ˵ˣĵҲδؾлʮһУӷǧҲǳصġ
⣬۵˫һ죬޴ħֱӳ˵ǰħȵס˵
۵һ֪ڰӷģʵϣڰõʮһС
ӷ磬㻹ڵʲôٲǧ򣬵ĵ֣ܳûˡ
ӷ˵ͷ۵˵ģԼʮָȫĹ֮£ԼûᶯǧģοǱָҪǿĵء
мĿ˵۵һۣȴһĿЦû˵κλһӣеɵѪ⣬ѪȾĵ棬֮䣬ͽ۵ħƳˡ
ӷᣬͬȫΧ˳ӷǣʱ֮ӿ
˵۵ǴǧɵڣǻԪˣûһǼǧġû뵽ǣǳˡ
ҷǲֹͣԼ֣ٶȣȽ
񷶦ĹŻ磬ʥ޼߲ʽĹԼ
ȫΪǿӷеʥ·Ϊ˿ָӰ㣬漴һָγһţȫ˹ȥ
񷶦Ϊһӣͬɫ㣬ڼܣȫȫ˲񷶦ռ֮ϣӣ㣬ͬʱһΪһ޴ġ֣


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ŸտʼӷҲû˿ԥԵֱӾռܣȫ˳һռܽΪһ壬ʥΪԲ񷶦ΪͷֱӾ͹˵
ˣǰһĻѾĿɿڴˣۻ۵Ҳδǿѽ⣬ռܣһǰ˵ܵеĴڣ˭ֻҪȥֵǿĹȻصĹɾ·һģ˵˫ӴֱۣȥӭӳӷһУҪͨͬ㼼ɣȫ㿪֮ķӷ硣
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ȫеˣϼãʮڣȫӷһȥܶˣѾ˵ϣΪǵħ˴ȵĲЩڵϵˣ·һġ
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ۻ۵Ϊ֮һҲû뵽壬ȻԵֵסӷռܣȻ˭Ҳûռǿһôĵزǰǵۻ۵֣ҲԵֵѽ
ǻԪħа񣬵һȻħʦħʿħʦۻ۵ħʿħʦ֮ףȻǲܸħʦаϵڶλָᲢ۵ġ
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ӷҲҵģʮֵľȻսԼҲܰѽǶԼԺ󣬻ǰȱ飬ӷ綼ܰܡ
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ӷһȻռܶ޷˺Ǿֱӱǧɡ
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ղŵģǳħĸ֣ӷʮóӷ粻롣
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ֻϧʩչħٶ̫죬쵽ӷ޷ӦƬǿеѾֱӾͳӷ˹ȥ
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ӷ罫еʥһӣֱӵֵģһ룬֮ǿԼδؾֵܵס
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ӷ罫еʥ޵һָѵǱӷƵĻ㣬ֱӭֻԼİ
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һѵֱӵ˵ϣӷȥɲǰ취Լγһǿħ
޴ޱȵѹóӷķҲǺѳԵסأɳӷǺ취
ڣȰֱӹڳӷķ֮ϣǱߵ˫һ䣬ֹֻͣ漴˫֣ǰͣı仯ƣֻϷƬǳҲ֮ı״
ӷ磬ǵڶˡ֮󣬱Ǿзǳ仯ƣз


2989 ǧΪ֣˭Ϊˣ
ʩչǳħνǱ仯Ī⣬֮Ǿзħʲôڳܶ˵һۿľֱܷرǰзڼʩչħ֮ҵȫɵۣΪǲǿԼҵı־ͬʱоһԼѪҺеֹһִԼŴĹУۣзۣһθڶεۣӵеָоȫڵһ˵˳
û֪ǳħǴӺζģԿ϶ǣȻʩչ˰зǽضġ
ۻ۵öԼ۾ħûʩչҲǵһΣڳÿһһǵһμ˵ħ
ڰǻԪߴħеκһ֣ӲߴħĽ壬һȫµħ˵һֱĹħ
ӷ类ǳħȥֱӾ˵˾ıԵ
ʱ˿̣ӷõһ취ûУռܶѾùˣԵȴ𲻵˿áɴǧԼĻᶼûУǳħֱӾͽԼѹסˣ
˵ڵĳӷ磬Ļᣬľз֮ħ̬ٷһı仯һı仯ȫǵˣɫ䣬Ӳ԰ףΪࡣ
зħЫţЫˮƿŮ˫
һħ̬仯ʮУÿһУһÿһħһһѹڳӷϣӷھͷ·ʮɽƵģʮƬǿȫҪȴôҲˣ֮䣬תΪ˻ǧȴڣһ㻤Ҳûг֣˲֪ɳӷǧǱһָӶصӡԼڰ㣬ֻҪԼ޷ǧκ
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ʮһһʩչܴǰʮУͬʱڳӷϣǱģӷѾ˷ûдǧıɵʮһнһҲһֵҲ˵ӷ粻Ҳ˰ˣ
һһ֮䣬ԣʤ߰ܡʤκε𣿵ֵΪʲô
ӷԲţ̽ԼģֻҪ̽ԼĻҲûҪƴһƴصĻᶼûˡ
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֮䣬ԭĵѾһ׷ԲԵͷһȫǿƵͷ˷ֲƤǣǹǰƤˡ
һ仯õ۵ס죬˫֮Уˮȴһ仰˵
ۻҲ˫ۣȫȥԼһĻô⵽׷ʲô£ΪʲôԼĵܣ֮俪ʼ˥ϣ
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ӷ磬㣬𣿡
˥ϵĵħסһУʱûзȴʳһ˶еֵ⡣
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˲֪ӷȻ׵е˼ϾħȫѹڳӷϵģӷΪʨӴۣһεۣԵǳħʱȻҲһڲͬĸо
ˣҲף㵽ʲô
˥ϵĵһЦ˵ӣ㻹ûôһС
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ɢȥеħӷ統ȻԲð㣬ӹɵġ
ɵȴҡҡͷ˵֮ԵȵڣѵΪ˵ҵħ޷ɢȥģΪұħģǳħģ֮ңͲһ࣬ңֻǸƷˣ
ʲôƷǳħĸƷ
⻰۵ۻΪ֮һֵܣ֮䣬ദô꣬ȻǵϼĵϵûκεѪԴϵЩ֮ĸû˵ģǵ۵
ڣȻ˵һȫֻ࣬һħƷ⣬ôһ£
ӷ˵ϵǳħƷѵйϵ
˵׼ȷ˵ӦҸˣйϵΪҵˣˣͬһˡ
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ǳħҵʥأȻǸ˸ƳģΪʲôҪң
֮԰㣬ΪȥԸģȻƿ֣ĵˣ˵壬Ѿ©©˫ӴۡҪ˫ӴۣΨһϣ
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ʲôܽǧ趨Ϊһ̣˵ǲˣһȫµأ
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ôǸʲô©©е˫Ӵ۸µıڳӷԿ϶һ㣬ǾǣĴڣνĸƷӦͳ֮ģΨһĿģֻΪ˽Ǹʲô©֪ӷ硣Դ˿ɼȻҪһƷǸӦ˵ģȫԼ޲©ѽҪñȥµġ
ǧۣܸƳһеǳħӷ绹ʶһ£ǵһôĴڡ
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һ˫Ӵ۵õȫµıΨһܶԸ˫Ӵ۵ϣҵˣͨǳħʥȥҡ
ӷ翴ŵʵܸܲңǸˣʲô֣
˥ϵĵ˵Ҳ֪ţΪֻǳħƳİˣͲĵϸԿ϶һǣǸˣһԴͷ
һԴͷʲô˼
Ҳ˵֪ԭǰǻԪħǴǧ粻ͬеһǸģһʼ档
һʼ棡пһеѽһ£֪
£
֪ԻƳģҲ˵࣬ûƳġңԭӦ֪Ǹ˵ݣֻȫǰ顣
ڱʱԼԭ壬Ϊӷһ仰˵һЩӦ˵飬Ǹʱպþͱ۵ֹסˡʵ㵱ʱ۲ֹӷҲܴԼԭ֪̫顣
֮£űƳģҲ̫Ȼ˵ǾԿ϶ԭӦøҵйϵ
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˶٣ӷɫȻһ䣬ʵǸˣҵʹԼô鷳£Ұƨɣʰ̯𣿡
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һ֪˫Ӵ۸Ǽ±©û޸ˣֻʲô³
˵©¸֮ˣ˫Ӵۣĳַʽ½ĳӡҲ˵©޷޸Ļ˫Ӵ۱ͨ©ո֮˵һǵʱҵ˾ͻʧһУ˫Ӵ۵С

ӷЦһ˵ӣżģӦңӦǸ˲ŶԡǧΪأҿûǱ£ȫڻѾ˿ˣԼҰ鷳ĻҪȥǲԲƬԶˡ
ܣҲĿԣԲôɵĺΪԼ㶼ҵ
ʲôб£ԼܽȻˣҵҲûκε塣
˵һʼ棬Ȼ©³ֵ±ﻹڴǧ֮ϣҲвʼ档ҵᴫĽ壬ſսʤ˫Ӵ۸ǼȫµıȻ洫˫Ӵȫ£ҲöġϾ£Ҳ£ͬҪһ¡ֻΪǰˣڱĳط㡣
Ľ壿ʲô
Ҳ֪һʲô֮˵ģѾˡڣȴǳħɡ
ӷûʣȻҲ֪˫ӴǱߣɷħǧѰʲô˫Ӵ˵ֻҪҪĶԶԸӷ۸ˡ
ڿ˫ӴҪҵЩǵ˵ģǸ©ɵ±ˣ


2991 ͼҵ
⣬һïܵĴ֮УһȺ£ɺڽߵѾۼˣ
ЩһĴȻǵձߣԣÿһ˵ɢĶħһȫǰ֮ħɴ˿ɼЩˣȫһЩɱߣҲħеĴ̿ͣ
Ȼϣӷ粻ðȻĳ֣һԮġⰢǻԪ磬ӷΨһҵľֻеϼˡ
ͷ˫ۿǣǷģ˫Ӵ۵˫ӴۿɲɵӣȻµĵӷԮϼܵ˫ӳȥɾһսģ˫ӴҲ֪ڵ֪ҲȻ˵ʦڣ˰ʨڴеģֻ̽·̽Ӱˣ˫Ӵ۵Ĵں档
磬ֱɱȥ𣿡
ɵѽǣ˵ֻаٶʮܹ˵ˣǿǵϼĵ̣һðȻĹȥܽϼʱľˡ
˵ûǰ۶ˡҪɱɽءǻǰմ۵ֻҪǵĳڸסˣǾһţطͲܽġ
ţ϶˵ûֻҪǸסóӷϼǣȴǱ߽ӷ֮ôӷʨӴ۾ǿǿȴ۵ȫϵҲǲѷɵġ
ԭ˫ӴϵӷǵҲǰɳϵûд˫ɱӷ磬Ǳߣɱ̵˵ģǱߵ㶨֮˫Ӵ۾ͻϴ˫˫ӻң˫ӳǡ˶˶ǿߣڲһһ֮£ǳӷ磬ǵ˿ʤġ
ȫϽǵĳڸҷ⣬ڷԲ֮ڣ÷ߣֻҪ˳٣ɱ١
ǣ硣
ͬʱڳڣѾһʹ֪飬ȫ˳ӷ硣ֻҪǳħӷ磬ϵʹΨһʹҲˡֻ۵ǵŲµˣأ鶼ѾһԼҲѾʮУ˾ͷѾ˥ˣֻҪʮһУǾ͵ڴӷǳħˡ
ǳħΪʮ֣ҲǴʮġֻ֮ʮУҪԵʮһдǰʮеģӷ籾͵ʨӴۣʨǰʮħ֮󣬾ͻӷ籾һֹʱʮǳħͻڳӷȻγˡ
νǳħ۵ħۣҲûκһΣֹϵǳħġֻǸͳģţ˵һͰɣҲ˵һ԰ͣԣ۵ڣһĹӷʨӰ㣬ʨӵĳ֣һĹ𵽵áֻǳӷ벻ͨǣǸô쵽ģԼЩνۻû֮ǰǸ˾Ѿ쵽㣬۳֮󣬳ɳ֮ʮ̬ȻȻĳˣ
ӷ磬׼𣿡
壬ѾĽ׶ΣҲ˵һˣһ̤Ľ
۵ŵҲ֪ҪʲôȴûȥֹֹҲ֪Լֹ˵ġ
ȻֹôһͬȥɡȻŵʱһǾͬѨɡ
ʳӷ׼ûеͬʱתͷһ۵۵û˵ֻ촽΢΢˶һִ˼ܼ򵥣ְˣԲ
۵ҡҡͷ˫еˮѾϣȴЦݣһɵȴ㣬ҪúõĻţҪúõĻȥֻǸƷˣڵϼô꣬ѾҵˡҲΪϼ㲻ͬϼҪ㣬Ҫ㣬ǣһ𽫵ϼ巢չȥûңȴһӷ磬Ŵ磬ܿҲģǸʱ򣬾ǵϼԻ͵ʱ̡
ĺʹ࣬ȴòװһ˵ӣһУȫӷ翴С
һѣһħѡУûУң𲻴󡣵㣬٣˲
ӷ˵˼ڵ۵֮ͬʱǿ¡һ˷顣
һǿжʹະӷ磬ʲô
ʲôϻȻǾˡҲʲôݣʲô࣬ǸƷȻһǵϼˣǾһӶǡţҸףҲģɱˡΪҿϵˣҸɵģڻҸ׵ȴûнų֤ľ𣿲˼ڣҲͬǸˣҲ
ɵˣ㲻ǳħǲҵǸ˵ġҲ޷Կ˫Ӵۼõ±
ʲôʼ棬ʲô˫Ӵۣʲôȫ±ҵ·Լߣ˵ɱˣɱ˭ңͼҵ


2992 ࣡
ӷڵʱ򣬳ǳҸԼͷҵļ̳ˣĻĺڵ֮⣬ɻһݣǾˣһǾԵļ̣ν̲飬ԽǼթˣԽɹΪǶ̳ϵ֣֪֮Ŀ⣬Ǽɻеļɻ䣡ͺñһƤ˵ɣһƬֻҪ̻ڣǽͽһƬص򡣳ɹˣ᲻һдۣƤµģǿҲ֪õĽƤԼ޴ġЩֻΪǰ룬ӲǽˣȫὫһƤ֮䣬ͿˣνĿ⡣ȻҲˣκһУ˴ڡ
ӷ֪ǳħԼ˵ǳҪһԿףǵһԼǴġǣǳħԼϣڵϣźܴ𣬱Ͼʵǿ˷ָԽǳħӵ£ּ£ҲԻ˫ӴۡԼأܵǳħȥ˫Ӵ𣿾Բܡǳӷ籾ӵǳħӵǳħ
ߣһǳħһԿ׵ĻħڳӷϣڵϣһҲʥصһûУҪҵʥڣʱǾ԰첻ģ˫ӴֲɵӣὫʥص֮׵͸¶ȥǻԪ磬˫Ӵ۲֪ʥص֮ôӷֺαطǰһǿĵҪȡһǰҶԼǳħأ
µԼǳħͬʱ԰Լ˫Ӵ۶ԿߣֱӾͻǳħǿԼʵҲΪպҵʥأҵǸ˴ȶĻ֮䣬ӷǺԥѡһ֣
ȻԼ룬һĴƻǾȵҲΪԼ߶һǿߣɳӷҲὫԼ뷨˵ģһַʽ֮䣬ֽȫͬãһãһʩֻҪеӵˣӦˣѡʩķʽԼеĴɣ
˵Ҳһһļһʵӷ뷨ԼͿ뵽ģֻΪ˵һʲôʹûȥģǸˣΪҪóӷ޸Ǹν©𣬶©նʲô˫Ӵ۸ǼıôԼΪʲôȻӷһжԸ˫Ӵأ
Ȼһȥ飬ңͺİһˡ
ӷһɢã˳ӷͷ
ȫûϵԼԼʹɣԼ֪߳ӷ󣬳ӷ粻ǳħҪԼһôġ
ӷɲܵô࣬õ޸ȫ˵ϡֻѾ˥ϵĵٽĻָʱڵļ۲ڵҲˣңڲõ֮Уһ˿˿Ľ⣬ǲõ޸˵֮ڣʼڵơ
ǰ˫Ӵۣǿ˵ģ죬ӷܽȫĻǵչֳʵԻǰ֮ϣھǵڶѽΪԼãƳӷζЦѵġ
ʱҪˣǲںˣҲҪˣԼھ͵õһȻĵܣȴԼֶεõģʨǰëǮϵûѽ
Ѿָĵɫڽĺ󣬵ȴû˿ϲãŭӷ磬ס֪֡һôĻ֪ᣬζʲô𣿡
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ںεأҵĴڣֻΪһʹˡʱںܶ෽棬ǲġ
һǳħҲһˡֻҪҵʥأһķҳǸ˵֮㣬ˣŻкܶ˻ĵġΪϼһԱϼÿһˣΪĵġ
ӷ磬ˡ֪ԭĵϼ壬ǺεȵǿʱǺεȵİκεðңȴһϼı磬ңΪĳԭһŭ֮䣬ϼ壬ףҲҵ֮µġõʱ㲻ڣҲ
Ȼʱ򣬽ϼ嵱ûԭ˵˳Ȼۻ۵Ѿµˣɵ׿˵֮ģҲΪ֮һ
ԼϼĳԱȫǱɱģԼĸףҲڵֵ֮ġ굽׷ʲô£ΪʲôҪ
ӷ⻰ҲΪ֮һǳӷҲû뵽顣꼸ɱ˵ϼţ
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ʲô
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ӣǵʱڣǵĿʦʨڵĿʨۣѽܵѹֻԼ֪Ҫܿ˫ӴۣҪӷ磬һκεĵ֣֮һ룬һľۼɱȫ˳ӷ磬ǵʨһУ򵥣ʵϣʲôѣ


2993 Χ
ܵǰ٣ǸӷǰëǮϵûСӷҪģֻǵʵˣ飬ˣӷҲȥܣȥ֮ˣõ޸Ѿȫƺˣµĵȫ۷״̬µǰҪǿ
Ȼ˫ӴҲڲͣĽͣǿɴȽڵĵٸ˫Ӵ۴ĻƽǸǰһġɷǻԪ磬۲ڣ˵֮⣬˫ӴƥУӷ𣬴ǧӷаգǧ򣬽˫ӴɱĻĻҪܵĻҪ˫ǱߵȣѾˣ
۵ۻԼϼ嵱ûйʱ˶ʮֵɵۣѾµˣһһһ˵ڣɵЧȫͬġȥѾȥˣǵۻǵ۵ţһʲôԭģԭҲпܸ۵йأȥֵȥ޵˵ʵֲˣҲ޲һУǵһ˵Ĵǵĵʨ׵ķŹôɸҪԵʨԸ˵գһ۾ġ
Ȼʨ궼Ѿԭ˵Ѿȥô꣬˫ӴƴԼϼ˫Ӵ۵谭һĻ˫Ӵġ෴ŵĴڣһ۷״̬µĵ˫ӴǱߣͲˡһʨӴ۳ӷ磬ʱĵܻ˰˫Ӵۣ۷״̬µĵټһӷ磬˫Ӵеķˣ
ãѾӷջأˣɢǿޱȵѾ˵ʹһˣԼ˵ֻһƷɱˣƷǳħƳģֹϵħԴʼƳǿ֮еǿߡ
ӷ˿ģԼѾˣͿǵϼ᲻ˡ
һ仰Ҳ˵ڣҲ֪˵ʲôۻ۵Ҳ˹ѾӷղŵȫٵˣͬһƬ㣬ĸվƬ֮ڣۻǰһµļ򣬲ȵۻ˵˵磬Բ𣡡
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ѽһһԭںܶǰѾɵĻ񣬻˵һףĻڵۻһŵ£ڿˣңԵõ˵ףνĿྡָģܾɣ
ӷ˵ڿɲʱ˵ʲô񲻻ġŮ˫Ӵ۵ҵˣҲ˫֮ҡͬʱ˫Ӵ۵ҲǱһе׼͵ˡڣǸңܸҶ
۵˵ʮ壬
ʮ壬ϵۻ۵⣬ѾµϼӵеˡȻû֪ʨǷõģҲЩˡ
еۻ۵ӷȫõģʮ壬ʱɱ˫ӳǶûˣ
ӷ磬˵ɣҪֱɱȥô㣿
ֻǾˣǿսŮ˫ӴҪֱɱ˫ӳǣǲ͵ֱӰŮ˫Ӵ۵𣬱ʱɱ˼Ůȴ޷صΣС
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ӷɫʱһ䣬˵˫Ӵۣԭϵһǽ֮󣬾İʨӣǶˡ
ӷ磬ǣǽġ
ǽ˵Ҫҷҹȥ˫ǱߣĻҵˣΣաҵЩֵܽãʮ˽⣬ҲܼʱϻȥĻһᶯ־˵ģֻҪһǱض·һ˫Ӵۿ˫⣬ȽҵȫɱȻŮΪʣֱǶԸңǸʱҵѾɣΪսŮ˫Ӵ˵ʧȥһеʤ㣬˫Ӵۣƿȫ֣
治֪ԼôģȴţһķǳãϵˣȫӷĲøˣеۻһŵȾȳ֮󣬾Լ۵ĻѵʱԼȥ
ԥ˺һĵ˵ѣͽҰɡ磬㣬Ǵʮӷһȥˡ
ڵԣ˫ӴİʨҲֻǡǵˣ仰ӷҲͷȴ˫Ӵ벻ģΪǰĽ֣˫ӴȻֻǰ壬һ뵱ʱ磬ħȴҲ֪˲ᣬƾʱ䣬ˣҲصģͲٽдģսˣ񣬵ȬǾ͸˫Ӵ۵ùˣ٣ӷ磬һǿ


2994 ɱ䣡
Ѿʦ˵ʦڣֻΪɱӷ硣ȻҲҪֹϼжϾϼӷ˵һģڣŵϼǲģΪǵħǿİҪһţûе谭֮£ǵۻ۵ʮ壬ҲֵסѽҪ֪˫ӴۿɲɵӣֻɳСɫʨ֮УȻ˫ӻҵۻ۵ƥеЩ˫Ӵ۵ĵ֮һ
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Ϊ׵ģ֮ǰڴеЩˣȫ̽ӣҲȷ棬Ȼվ˴ǰ
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Ȼڵս˵Ҳ٣ʵڵȫͬҲκ˶벻ġ
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Ŷ£˥ϣһڸӷս˥ϵġӣӷ磬治Ǹ򵥵ĽɫѽʨӴۣȻʨӴۡ
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ǣ
Ҿȫ׼ǿǡҪסֻţʨõħǧҪȥ

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ȫѾ׼ȫ󷽣ɢ˳˫ӻҵǿߣ¹˫ǹҪǿˣʱҲҪ׼ûеۻں۵ҲһĽɫѽȫĻǰǣ⣬ҪԼĹˣ
ţҲǳ֮ĵѾվȴûɢ˿Ҳ޷оֻһǽҪٵģһĴɱ
ڵܸӣָӵ飬ȫͲӰ쵽չһɱġ
һ֮ɱһҲܷܣΪڵֵͬʱӷۻ۵ʮҪ˫ӳˣһҪٶȸ·ϲκε谭
֪һ֣ΪģڰӷŮǰԼĴŮˡѳȫɱ󣬵ҲҪ˫ӳǵġʨϼһ߳£ûܸʨ
˿̣¹˫ǹĺѾ𣬵оҪˣҲѾԼǰڵĸţѣ죬ɱɣ
֮󣬵ڶδɱ䣡


2995 սȥսսʤ
յĳ֮⣬˫Ӵ۵İѾȫ׼ˣ¹˫ǹҲѾ´һչֻҪŹƣǾһ·ɱȥ
¹˫ǹԣһûеʨǣʮ壬ܵеĹԼʨ𣿵ۻ۵ǿԼߣҲ׼˫ӻҵǿߣδ¶棬ǵһΣ˫ӴҪɱӷĻʱ˫ӻҵǿҲǾԲֵġ
ʱǱѾˣӷ˫Ǳߵǲվסŵģ˫ӴԳӷŮΪʣЩˣһȫֻҪӷ˫һ󣬾ֻʣһӷˣ˫ӴҲٶȸϹ˫ӻҵǿߣ˫ֻҪһ棬ӷǧҲֻǶԸ˫Ӵһ˫ӻҵǿߣɱӷ硣
˫Ӵۣ¹˫ǹ̫ˣ뷨ӷĻܻڡӷ粻ãֶҲʮָģڵжͬʱӷ綼Ӧķ񣬳ӷӦ֮ҪǰҪ࣬һڵ˿Ѿˣɵе˶Ѿ˵ˣͻȻǵǰֽһôı飿
ӷʵڴڴŵĴɱ䣬ϧǣӷûʱ˷ѣɱҲעӷǿġڵĵ˵ֵҽɱʱ򣬳ӷҪģϴʮ壬еۻ۵˫ӳȥˣһ̶ˣ룡
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¹˫ǹεĹЧģҲѾʱ˵ҲʮҪģ˫Ӵ۸ʱԼȴһȳŶûйƣԼҲͷˡ
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¹˫ǹ˼žȻԶѵǵҪ𷴿ǵĻǻ治Ǽ£ҲԼôĹƳˣûеʨǣ¹˫ǹ˵֮䣬ܽΪƽأ
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Ŀ磬ųŵĽӳڴȫѾɱ׼Ҫǣ㣬뷨һģȻҲɱҲҪɱǾͿ˭еˡ
ͬʱ磬۵иоһ˿ĿУڳǰپ˸ձŰĲУһȫ˵ϣԣǳ۸ϵġ
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⣬ֿپˣ˵Ǳߵ飬ʱҪܡ֮ԻԵǣֻΪǰ˸Ϊһ֧ǿͻӡ
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ۻشȥսսʤҪﵽĿꡣﲻҵı׼ҲûҪȥˣȥˣҲսˣӱ˵սʤˡѾܶ꣬ûԽ̵ˣν̵Ҳ¹һħʦɡ
˶٣ʵսԪ磬ǣܷ
پ˼Ѷʹվ˸վΪһţԳۣͬȥսվʤʨǼɡ


2996 ꣡
˫Ӵ۵Ĵȫսʮ㣬ǰ¶ûܹռǣȻ˫Ӵ۹Ͻ֮£ȴδ˫Ӵ۸׳Ƴ㣬˫ӴȻûзϣΪ˫Ӵ֪ǵĺ̨ĵʨۣ˫˫ӻҵȴΪЩ˶ԣǣһֵýֵҫ飬¹˫ǹ˫Ĵ󽫣ھɻһźպսĴ󽫣ڿԽܲ˷ܣܲ⣡ǣκεĹҪǣҲǰ˫Ӵס˳ӷ磬˫Ӵһǳӷڣ˵¹˫ǹĽ˫ӻˣΪ˫ӻҵһԱɽЩΪ裬Ͼɽǣ˫ӴɻģΪܶԭ˫Ӵ۲ò
ųŻ򿪣¹˫ǹоͬе˰㣬ɱȥǵͳͳɱ⣬ңռɱ˵ۻ۵ʮ壬⹦Ҫࡣ
ֻ¶Ը¹˫ǹǱģûеʨǣۻ۵˫ӻҵǿ߶ԸѵԼηʲôɡû뵽ų׿һ̣ʨģȴһ˰ˣ
ǰһսʵںܶ˵̫ܶҲǾһеǰһսǣ˫Ͼǰһս˵˫ӴۣȻһս˫Ӵֻǰ壬ô˵Ǳˡȥǰһս·һġ˫Ӵ۾ԲκˣԼҵĳԱסǰ飬ǴεĶҲ˫Ӵܲģʱĳ֣Ҳһ޴ıˣ˫Ӵ۾ǰʱ׼
һһѪɫĴ󵶣ɷɱĽϣԳſһ˲䣬¹˫ǹȫȥֻڵĵûбǳħҲûжãֻƣȥ˫Ӵ۵İʨˡ
Ʈݣһգȥǰû£һţĺֻеѪɫ󵶣ܶ࿴۰ˡ
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¹˫ǹЩ·͸оǰվŵѾһˣԼƥеľӣһ˵ƣȻƥУеĶƣԽԽǿĿ紵ɢȡ֮ģһƬƬƣ֮ڣ𣬵׵ϯ֮ء
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ͷ̽ӶκⲻѽԼЩˣɶģ㲻ǣҲ֮˵飬Խ˵ͬһ£ǾԽղǵ˵˥ϣѽΪʲôڣֻ˹
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˫ӻҵĳԱǿߣȫɵۣǿǰһĻ⵶ԼֵĻҲܵġ
⣬ɱ֮һֻҪǶԵϼ˽ˣ֪һеΪΣ
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2997 ϣ
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仰԰۵ʱʼѾˣֻֽ֪˱Ƚٰˡ
ϼ棬һһʥ۴˰ڽɽǸʱǺεȵ棬ԪϧǣɣϹ߸ĵʱĵϼ˾ǣʱ̷ţη˵ʵ̫ǿϼ嵱ʱ̫ӴĻǸʱ򣬵ϼѾˡ
ж˼ǵʥж˼ǵĵϼǿƣ˵ʵڵʨ֮ǰûСֱǴսʨǿ𣬴һһսΪǻԪĿʦǸʱĵϼ壬¸֮һչ˵ǰ
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2998 䣡
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ͣĿǰΨһģҪȵӷܳӷĶˣҲҪȡ
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ģһסģҪ֣Ҳһ˶֡ҲһҪҵŮҲǡ
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С㣬֮ǰ²ԣȻҪµô˵ǸҲԸɡ
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ʲô羰ʲô羰˫ϣǻԪĹ֮⣬Ͳܴκεķ羰ġ
Ȼ˵ˣǺԣʱģʵûʲô׳ȫǱ˵ġ
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Ҳ˵˫Ӵ۲Ҫǵʱ򣬾ʱǸĨɱǰɣ
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һ棬¼ңμҸ׼ҽ뷨һģȻĸܱ˫ӴۿأǵĵһȻҲʡ͵ĵơ
ʲô¸ʲô˵ǵ˭ס
˫ſڣѾϣˣλ˫Ϸ
ͬʱЫҲѾ׷ɱȥڼЫӶɱȫȥڱҪ˫Ӵ۵ƣЫӣƱҪɱģĳ裬ܹˣʱˡ
ܡ
¡һһը˫Χصȫ˳
̼ʱѾˣӷϢԽԽӽҲ٣ӦÿԸ˫˴һˡ
ڴˡ˭Ҷǵˡ

ৡ
üսͬʱ˫Ӵ¶Ц˵ڸ¶ˡˣ۽ˣͳͳɱ
ǣۡ

ħ겻û뵽˫֮ӵˡ
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Ѫ⣬лΪͬ޵޾ĳ˫ȥ
˫ӴȻ̧ͷԼħ˭ɣӷѾˣ
ˣӷ磬ʮ겻ͷڹ꣬ڸ¶𣿡
˫Ӵ۽еһΨһĶ֣ǳӷ磬ˣҪˡ
Ȼ˫ӴҲҪŻûĵǲǳӷĿǰĳ룬ǿһ
ħʲôˬɣϾ˳ˡ
ôоôУҲܻĹ졣
Ǿҿʮǰ˫֮ʵǿһôĵز
ٷϻǧɡ
˫Ӵ֪ӷѾ˴ǧֱ˵ڣܱȳӷͻȻϮҪõĶࡣ
ھҳǧħǲԲƬԶˣѵսһҪ𡣡
ǧ·һ
δذɡ
ӷҲЦһ˵˵ҸȻĶ֣ңֻŮġ
ȲȵˣͿڵıˡ
ҶŮһ£ҾҪ˫Ѫɺӡ
ӷһתͷ˱ǱߣֻǶЫӣѾ˱
СҲڱǰ
ӷŭһۡģʨӴۡ
ЫһǿֱȡԼ
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ʮ˳ҪЫӣȴڳӷ֮£ȫΪС
һӷ磬ˣ֮ǰûЫӶԿʵˡ
СӣҸˣ쵹ҪҪҵҪܣ
ۻ۵ǻʲôŮ
۵˳ӷһۣ˵˵֪ô
潯ҵĹܼ˵Ǹ꣬ʨӴۣ
ţʨӴ۳ӷ硣û뵽Ŀ죬ں˹ϼ壬öԸѽ
ֹǲöԸֻ滹ʮأ
ˣƵϾҪˣǱߵİ͵ֵסɱ꣬ˣԵħޱãһ˻꣬Ǿ·һ
ǣϷԸȥ
ص˿ˣûз˵սˣ
𣬶겻û뵽ǻϷһᡣ


3001 
ħа񣬲ÿһаħʦаǰǿħʦаϱϾʨռһϯλǸϯλκ˶ܴģǵʨ뿪˰ǻԪ£Ҳûκˣ˵ԼħʦаĵһλΨһһûгϷ˫Ӵ۵ָҲ˵
ħʦаħʿаϣʵÿ꣬ͻһαƴƴʵռݵΡֻа񶼱ǿںռˣҲǵۻ۵ˣ޷ΣҲаûгֹˡ
죬ۻ۵ĵѾǳӷ˫Ӵ֮Ĵսˣһȫµħаϵս
ۻͬħʿҲǵһڶΣڣѾӭ˵ۻɵۻȴ˿ûиսȤҪȽУ飬Ⱦ±Żܡ
ϺꡣжԶԶӰ¡
ۻŭһֱӳ˽ң֮ڣħ
֮ħѪ֮ħ֮ħ
һû뵽ۻȻ˵ǿƣһ֣ħͬǻȥˣһҲûб
𣬽Ϸ򲻹ģֻҪֵҲ㲻ҪΪϷ򡣡
Ļܵô࣬Ͼ˫ӴµִеĻùģɾͲһˡ
ΪǱߵĴԽϼ赲ӷǵġû뵽ȴһ㶼ûϼֵסǾ˵ԼߣͲ˿ԥˣܵۻҪ˭ԼóѵģԼ嵹ù
ۻ۵Ѿ˱ߣЩ򱬱ȫӷһиɱˣֱӾǲ֮񷶦һأΪ֮𵴡

۵һѾס˶ЫӣСɫڵ۵ȫҲġ
˭
ЫôҲû뵽ԼʵѽŮǰȻһ㻹ֵضûˣ
˭㻹ûʸ֪ȥɲǴɱʱ򡣡
˫ӣܱһŮŵ
ЫӸͲ֪۵ʲô˫˫Ӵ۵ǰҲҪ˿Ĺ˼Լߵڣ˻ҵǿ߻ڳ⣬ɶѽͲţôҲӦˡ
Ы˻Ǻں㲻Ķ֡
λЫӵĲ֪ߵغ񣬴˵еĺںӦ𣬾ȻǱ߲֪ıԣŮˣǳƢѽɲСӻǴˣӻǻʵۣŭʲô鶼ɵĳġ
Ыһ㶣ʲôں
ԼôùɣʲôôŮˣⲻǸŮˣֱǸɷѽ
㣬ħʦаϵĵһ
˵˭㻹ûʸ֪ĸӦþμĽðɣСҲǰǻĲͷˡ
۵μңһֺܸӵĹϵ֮ǰѾʶμҵˣֻμĽĴڣڵ۵ǰֻˡ
ǰЫͻСɱ磬ǽãһսɡ

۵Цһʵ̫ЦˡƾλĸҲԼһսԼɱǣԲܸһսġ
Ǽ϶г
۵ŭ
˿̣μǱߣһǿֱϣѾμĽõǰ
һߣһǸϸˣǸŮˣμҵĵңҲμĽõĸס
μҲһҪ˵ҵģҲһҪŮ˵ң˭ʵǿ˭ܵμһֱĹأ
ڸ¶ˡ
۵ǰϸˣʵ۵Ҫ󣬵ΪʵĲͬ۵ȥҲʮͷˡ
һǵ۵Ĵ磬лһԵķǳףǲȾκεĳ㣬ͬһԴ˼ɾ
ںαΪء˫ӳǣҲǸƴİɡҼ㻹Ҫǽ죬μңȵˣһսɡ
Ҫ˸ɱˣҶԣһġ
ۻһҪˣɵ۵ȴͬȻħʦаϵĵһˣԶЩһǿ˳۵ģǼһͲһ˵ʵμҵļںܶǰѾ۵ֻҪ۵·ߵģΪ⣬Բܳ
ǰ㣬Ǻںħʦаһɽ죬ǵϼĵϵģǵϼ壬ԼСѾͷǵʨŮɣӦý̲ŶԣӦò뿴Ůκεʧɣ
˵Ҳû۵ģˣϼ壬±ΪҪģһʲôʧĻԼô罻ѽ
ܺãˡˣɾûôˡߣ


3002 ˲ͻ
۵һ־ץǿޱȵħһǸۻһħͬ˭ǰǶʬε³ֱӴһ˵Ŵӱɵ۵ϣȴûմ˿Ѫٶ֮죬˷ָѽ
ĸףٶҲ̫˵ɡٶ˵ôֵĶʲôȥս
μҽöһķۣ˵Ĵս治̫ʺϣѾϰַʽƵģÿһ˶ûиеκεĲӦ
̾˿˵ۻ۵Ǽ˭ϣܽǵֵֻлЩδ¶ǿߣʸһսرǵ۵Ů˲ǿô򵥣ƢһǼֱǲ̣ԵĻμңҪȥԿ
ĸף˵Ҳ̫˵ɡ۵֮أԽǸûһ˴򲻹Ǿһϣһ˴򲻹Ǿһϡ
飬ȻĽСһʵҲ֮ϣͷԣȴתһѵ㻹û۵Ŀ֮ħ𡣡
۵֮䣬˵ʶˣٴħʦаĵһϯλٴεܣ񲻵òԵ۵Ů˳׵˽⡣Ҳ˻Ϊ۵Ϊǿģħм֪۵Ŀʲô
μĽãλȽϲ˵֮⣬̫˵ģҲ˵һ鷢Ľãǰλ˼ȥȥֻ̫࣬ҪþˡȻνİ£ȻǸλģǸ˫Ӵ۰ġ
Ļλ룬ʵĸףѵ۵Ϊµģٶȣ
˵ͷ˵ǵġٶȣ˵Ǵǧ֮һҲڰǻԪ磬˶ֻ֪ں۵ƺţȴû֪һƺš
һƺţ
ǵģ˲˲񣡡
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͵һ˲֣ӱ˼⣬ǾٶȣԵٶȣ˲ٶȡ
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˵ⷬΪĸŮ򲻵ʱҪ۵ԿҪǶˣڵ۵ʩչٶս֮ǰҪͽɱҪֱˣһȵ۵ٶսʩչǾûصĻˡ
Ȼڵ۵ٶսҲֻǶȼвʵ֮ϵģǾˣ
ĸףǴµΣҪɱӷ磬εĻᣬԳӷֶ˵ϲڱͱӵģˣպǽʤ
Ǿֱҳӷ磬ˣҪˡ
ֱҳӷ磿۵ۻԸˣȻҪֱȥԸӷ磬ǿҪֱȥǧѽ
ڣӷ˫ӴӦûܲĽ֣ӷȴû˫Ӵ۽տսֻΪ˾˰ˡ
սǳӷģ֮󣬾Ҫ죬˫ӳǲܾˣ򣬻治֪һôĵز
۵ʲôսǾͽһ־սϴߣϺ󡣡
ӷѾ˫Ӵ۵ͬʱԵ۵Ǳߺ
ɵ۵ĻӷģǱʵǱ֣ڳӷ֮ϣˣҪͲ֣ˣǱضһڵصĴս
ѵһ̲ɡˣҶȣ˫Ӵ㵲ס͵סӦϾ͵ˡ
ȻǼһ˫ӳǸҲ˵˫ӴȥǱߵİȥ޻ˡ
ۻѾ˱ߣǽȴһζҪۻһսͬҪʿаϵĵһλܾ֮ǰˣȴһֱڵۻ¡
ɽ죬ƶģۻԼͬʱҪĵˣԽ֣ȥסۻԼ׼ʱٶ֡
ַ˵ʵǺܶǿ߶мõģΪһ콯Ҳ¶ˡ
ڲ֣ӦڵȻᣬһɡ
ۻû뵽ͷԣˡ
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ϻˣһĵȴһɱĻᣬֻϣ㲻ҪʱҲҪʱˣľˡ
ڵۻԸԲΪκεأȥԼʧκνڵģ䣬ӮӮսϣѵΪڵشڣе֣ͣڵؽ֮ٴ˵صۻģΪۻһͷͻ


3003 ˴ħʦ
̵ȫ棬ûһģϾеȫǿߣһǿ󵽱ֵ̬زڵʵ˵һȥɾһͷ񣬵һʱ䣬ͽɱ½ֻƣҲǳܲסġ
ͬʱ˫ӳǵշʮҲѾ˹ȫվ˫Χûκ˳ȥģҲǱ˫İΧС
ľؼⳡ棬ȫͳϣǻԪ磬ɲǸ˫Ӵ۶ŸɵģľһôûУԣľڵѡǶһŰһһ뷨ҲǲðƸ˼棬°ƻʲôһ֪ӷҪõľõһƣס˰ƣ͵ڿס˳ӷҪ֮³ӷˣʲôеġ
ľڸӷվͬһսϣɳӷһôˣľʮͬģľһôˣӷҲԣ֮£ӷȫûľػվģҾѾܲˣѵָľæɡ
۵Ѿɱһ·˵ۻߣȴкܶ˫ǿߣۻΧۻ˫ǿ֮⣬۵Ҳʱħסˣκˣ˵ֺ
ãϴȥ
ۻֻҪһӦЩνǿԣһۻҲûзӷǱߵֵס˫Ӵۣ⼸ļҲû˿ĶֻҪ۵ܽȥʱǰȫġ
磬ɵˡ˫Ӵһڳ˰ţҲضҪǿĶࡣҲ˵˫ӳڲȫģ棬ΣյĶࡣ
۵Ѿ뵽˫ӴۻôһְţҲʵ˫ӻҵǿߣȫڳ⣬Ŀǰûһ˽ģֻҪ˫Ӵ۲ǿߣԲǣһ۵űǣǾ͵ֱ˫ӻҵǿ߰Χ֮ڣǸʱ򣬱˵һ۵¶۵ǿҲûõġ
˫ӴڰǻԪ羭Ӫô꣬˫ܿģԲܻ˫Ӵ۵еƣǵĻ˫ӴҲͰ׻ˣӷҪ˫ӴۣѶϣҪࡣ
ۻûȥʲô˵ˣҲȥܲǴ˫ӳǰɡ˵˫Ӵ۵ǿڳ⣬һɱǾ͸ˡ
ۻ۵˵ţǱߵ˫ӴȴǷһЦ˵û⣬Ǳ۵һҲ뿪
˫Ӵ۵һ٣һμĽãǵõʲô㣬ֻһϣڸ߿֮ը˿γһ̻
ãһ˫Ӵ۵Ѷšˣ壬
ӷ˫ӴѾ⼸˫Ӵ۵ˣԣ˫ӴѾûٵȥˣϾҪ֣ڶ֮ǰ˫ӴҲҪ֤κһܡڳЩˣҪ뽫ϼʮȫ£ǾԲܵģֻг˫ӻҵǿߣܰĵſԽۻ۵ɱ
ӷҵ壬Ϊ˱ܿߵֵס˫ӴڳЩǿߵĵһɱ
ûõģ˵ģ͵ħʦаϵİ˴ħʦЩˣҲӦˡ
ʲô
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ۻ۵ǿɱϾħʦħʦħʿҪǿĶѽ˫ӴһֱӶð˴ħʦǾͽһ޿ɱս˫ӳڣעҪˣ¾ʮ壬Ҳһزȥˣ
˵һϣҲûУˣϼ壬ɻһֻҪܼʱϹǾֵܵס˴ħʦˡڸû֪ʲôʱܵǱߵİûɱ⡣
ӷ˿̲ܶ룬Ҫֵס˫ӴۣԼߵֵס˫Ӵ۵Ļ˫Ӵۼϰ˴ħʦĽգ˵ļˣ
컹˵ۻħʿһΣû뵽˫Ӵ۾ȻʱֱӶ˰˴ħʦʲô˼ҪģۻʵԼ֮ϣǱߣҲӦۻ۵ѽȻˣΪʲôҪֱӶð˴ħʦأⲻǶһ
ӣ˫ӴǲýĴ˵ĿΪֻҪ콯ܻܵۻǶħʿһţͬʱҲǻ˵ϼĵϵǽ˵Ǽĺѽ
˫Ӵֲɵĺ£ţ㽯ˣϽɱӷ粻ʧԣ˫Ӵ۲ŻֱӶð˴ħʦģ԰˴ħʦɱӷ֮ˡ


3004 ʵ죡
ۻһЦ𵴣ͻ֮˵⻷ͬʱס½½ǵ˫ӳǣӲǵ˫
ôֻ֣ӵеĹ⻷ͿŪס½ģ룬½ǺεȵӴȴֱӱֹ⻷סˣһ֮䣬ͽۻЦѹȥǻԪ磬ָģͬʱ˰˸ɣħʦаϵİ˴ħʦͬʱˡ
˫Ӵεֱʣν˴ħʦɲ˫ӻеκһǿҪѽҲ˵ô˫ӴһֱԽħʦһֱûа쵽ħʦǻԪ磬ֻôƵǵʵҲǽ֮µġȻеĵʨǸ⣬ΪħʦУǵʨųģʨԭҲħʦ֮УֻΪи֪ħʦȥսʨʨɱˣȻȻͽʨħʦ֮У֮оŴħʦսʨһˣ֮䣬ŴħʦȫԣʨΪħʦеĵһˣҲ˵ħʦ֮ĵһˣΨһһоʵۿ
˫Ӵ۳ư԰ǻԪʨ磬ʣټİǻԪ磬˭˫Ӵƥеģһ֮ǰҲǰˣ
νʦĽʦڰǻԪħ˵ħߵ꽨ߣħʦħʿΪħʦԼħʦħʿĽ壬ӵְֲͬҵǣʸΪħʦ
ǰİǻԪ磬ڵİǻԪԣħʦгһʦ֮⣬ľλʦνµģǿҲģµ˫УǿߣǼħʦ̵ģȲ˵ˣɽ󣬾еһ֮ǰȥǵǸ¹˫ǹҲǣֻ¹˫ǹԶܻˣ˫Ӵ۵ǰҲܻˡ
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ӷ粢֪ǰİ˴ħʦѾ˵ʨ֣֮ǵĵ˵˫ӴµȻҲһ˵˵ȴ˶˵ڵģֻǰ˴ħʦ˵
˫Ӵۣҵǰʲô£ֱ˵ɡ
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ÿһߣȥӵŸָǰƣޱǿͲ˵ˣÿһ˵ڣɢħ
ǵУûж˫Ӵκε֮⣬һǳˬӡ
˶˵ħʦаϵʮħʦа˸齵˫Ӵۣʵ˵ǰ㣬Ҳ˵˴ħʦǹ齵齵˫ӴҲѳԵ֮䣬ҲֻǴһֽףһϵҲ˵֮ղǺֲϵԲ˫Ӵ۵Ĳ¡
˫ӴԳӷͬʱǺֲϵ֮ǰһƢûУ˵˫Ӵǣ£ͲܽǻҲܻĶǡֻһָղɡ
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Ȼ˫Ӵ⻰һ֤˴ħʦûй齵ֻ֮ѾһЭˣȴû֪ʲôЭ顣
һЭ飬أģֻһףصģޱ޾ˡ
ӷʲôˣİǻԪ磬Ѿ˿ǲʨӴۣͬʱǵʨӡ
˴ħʦѾڵʨ֣֮Ǹ֪ʨɱǼʵڣ˫Ӵ۾ȻҪǰ˸ɱʨĶӣ룬ɱ˳ӷ֮󣬵ʨǱߣҪôȥӦأɣǾһ··˴ħʦȻûһԥģ˸ˣͬʱ˫Ӵ۸ӷΧû˿ķϻֱӾҪ֡
ôЭ飬˴ħʦɱӷ磿ۻ֪۵֪ͬڲȥѽ
ã㱣ñҹȥ
ۻһ棬ֱӳ嵽˰˴ħʦ⣬˵ǰ˸ϼһ𣿡
ħʿħʦ֮䣬ľ벻νҲ˵ۻҪеκһ˿ս˿ʤģֲò
Ϸ˭ԭǵϼĵۻֵѽ
ղǺֲϵٴħʦаϵĵλųڡ
ڳƵۻΪֵܣǿ֪ͬһʱ˸ħʦ֪ۻǵʨ׶ܣڻϣȻȿһ£ӷ磬ֻǸѣǰ˸˵ͲҪһϻġ
ǰ˸ϼһ֪˫ӴҪɱʲô𣿡
˵Ȼֽ֪İǻԪ磬Ӧû˲֪ɡʨӴۣҲǱߵӡ
Ȼ֪ǻ˫ӴΪ裬ɱҴĶӣǻĲͷ˰ɡ
ۻֵܣЩ֪ΪҪȥġ֮ŲͬˣһҪɱҪ赲ĻҲֻȶ㲻ˡϷҪһ䣬ʵ⣬òҪ
ʵǰ˸浱Ҵ粻ڣûǿ𡣡
ѵǵ
ûĵϾˡ
ۻţҪ̫󣬴ˣˡ˲֪ǰ˸ĺܵġʲôǱ˭˵ģЩǰ˸ﶼһ˵ĵе֣Σһ֮սǰ˸𣿱˵ˣûˣҲһ˵ͬʱǰ˿սġ
ȷϾǰ˴ħʦǿҲһа˰ɣʨʵɱǰ˸ɲÿһˣǵʨѽǽڵʨ֮µĵǽˣָֻǵϼ֮ڣ磬ȫͬˣ
ӣ˫ӴҲԵ޹ʵĻ˴ħʦԼİزˣ˫ӴǾ˵ӦѾˣԼİһزģлԼֵڡ
˴ħʦҪֱɱӷģҪͬһͬɱģ˫ӴΪʲôʱ򣬽õǿ߸Ҫԭ


3005 ӷѣ
ʵ£˫Ӵ֮⣬û˲µĵϾͻᵽһΪ۷̬֣˫ӴĲ룬ҲΪӷϼ˫ӳǣеֵԼɳȥİĻӷϼͲܸϹģٲô͸ϹΨֵסˣɱˣӷϼܼʱϵ
ʱ˴ħʦѵΪɱӷѵΪ˶Ըϼ𣬵ۻ۵ˣ˫Ӵ۸ͲҪģϾ˫ӻҵǿߣֻҪһ£˫ӻҵǿ߶ǣۻ۵Ҳ޷ֵǳӷǧ˫ӴۼҵǿߣӷһˣҲӦġ˫ӴҪģڽ죬Ҳɱ˵Ĵڣ˫Ӵ۵вʵ̫ˣ
һƬ⣬Ȼס˫ӳǣĵ˫ӳǣˣǡ漴ֻһѪ⣬ڳ£¡һʱΪһƬĢƣֱʵߴ
˴ħʦʱȫעǵѪ⣬ѪΪһѵΣֱӾʹ˰˴ħʦмλã˫Ӵ۸ӷ磬ҲʱۻӰһϵķ
˴ħʦ˫ӴۣǺôֱѽ
ŵǿɷѪɢȥ֮˵Ķ
˫Ӵ۵ɫΪ֮һ䣬ȻͲµһû뵽ʵȻ˵ǿǰ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱ
ɣߣǵ
һֳֵһֻϣȴͷץͷͷģǸͷ㣬ȴŵһˣȫסˡ
ͷһ˫˶ʶģǱ˫Ӵǵİ죬Ҳ¹˫ǹͷܶ˶ûɶЫӸμĽãȴʶģ˫Ӵ۵ľŵܸʮܣ˫Ӵ۵ֵܡ
쵰
˫Ӵ۴һԼֵܵͷѪΪԼӣҲòһ
Ы˫۾Ѫ˿˵Ǿʮ壡
μĽüЫҪ̽赲ǰܻ˰˫Ӵ۵ܹȥǲ
ڣ˫Ӵȼ֮ڵ֮ǰͻ˰˴ħʦгǰ˸ڳˣء
ôܡ
˫ֱĿŵ˲֪ϼ巢飬ǰ˸֪ġΪĳԭɱϼôϼμҲڵеģʨҪеȴ֪зʲôʣʨȻˣֻǽˡ
ڰ˴ħʦԣҲǰˣǰ˸֣۷״̬µĵôܻηһĵأ
ڣչֳʵȻԶԶ˰˴ħʦϣΪǵ۷״̬Ҳ޷սʤԼеκһȫͲѽԵʵԼеκһϳǶǵĶ֣һѾһ̤ʹڵľ磬ǰ۷ǿˣ
֣ܵС⴫ԣȻѽ
ڿŵеһ˶ԸԼ˴ħʦ֣ǲģ˴ħʦǿǾԵʹѽ˫ӴۣͬʵɵϾûʹڣѵɡ
ۻ˵ĵܣǰ˸㣬ûɣ
ۻʳ⻰ʱе飬ǿҪһаˣǲ̫ܵġ
Ҳûһ׼ȷĴ𰸣ֻ˵Ҿɡ
ǾûаգûоԵİգһնûС
ȻǾǶһ𡣡
ۻټһ۵Ҳֵܵסǰ˴ħʦ֡ټĴǧ磬˫Ӵ֮⣬Ҫǰ˴ħʦֽߣҲֻеʨһˡ
⻰˵ĺ˵ǰǻԪ磬ǴǧһҲֻˣǣʨ磬ûȻҪġ˫Ӵ۾͸˵ˣǰ˴ħʦ˫Ӵۻģ˫ӴȻǲܸǶ֣Ҳ˵ǰ˴ħʦ֣£޵еĴڡ
еǰһᣬ˵磬һ𱣻뿪ǽҰɡ
ۻҪ˵˫Ӵ˵ˣһҲ뿪
𣿡
ӷҲʱһЦ˵Щһ˵˰죬ôҵ𣿡
ѽ˵ô࣬Ϊǵȴһ仰Ҳû˵ʵ̫ˡ
˴ħʦһ뿴ǰ˸ֶԸһҵǧټȥνİ˴ħʦ᲻Ϊһʷأ
ӷ磬ǲǰѱ۵˿бۿ㣬ǧ򣬿ֵĻᶼûаɡ
˵ȻǵʨĶӣǻ㲻ģеʨӰӡӷ磬ΪʨӴۣǧ򣬿㱾ʵ̫ˣּսУ˫Ӵ˵ֵĻᶼûС
ӷ˫һתǳ˵ûȼսҵȷֵĻᶼûУҳֵĻҲ˵ôϻˣѵǻǧ򶼲𡣡
ӷ磬Ҳ˵ϻǧ򣬻㸸֮⣬ʣ㻹ʲô̵ģ
˫Ӵۣ̫Сأӹˡ¸㣬ҳӷĲôΪ˴棬ȴǷǳõġˣϲύѣύѣǿߡֻҪһ㻽˴ħʦĹƣͻȫơ

˫Ӵ۷һЦʶӷôãӷһôˣѵ˫Ӵۻ᲻֪ˣȷֵ֣ѣҲȷУЩⰢǻԪ磬ǿ𣬿϶ɡύЩֵܽãǶϰף˵νΪ˴ѻһڣ˵ʲôһѳͿԴߵĹƣΰ㣡
ôһ񣬺ŵӡǺðɣҾһѹ֣νİ˴ħʦǰ˸ˡ
ӷ˵ĻԲţʵӷԼԼ˵Ļʱ򣬳ӷҲֻǶһˣϣǼһѾ֪˫飬򣬽Ҫ뿪ǿǱȵħǻԪ綼Ҫˡ
ۻ̾˿˵ӷ磬ôϻˡҪսս˵ôûõģǻûá
ǵϼڰǻԪôã׻ˣԴҸ뿪֮һҲûϡҳӷˣϴǻԪʱ򣬾ͽύһѣھҴкɡ


3006 ָ
ӷһǻԪʱɹЩʲôʶʲôˣûɱһ˫Ӵ۵ʶħʦаϵڶҲĴߣָ
˵һ޷ֵ˴ħʦĻټһڶħʦǾѾ㹻ˣϾָħʦаϵĵڶλʵҲڳǰ˴ħʦ֮ϣʵһ̤ʹڵľ磬ԭɵһ𣬱˵ǰ˴ħʦҪֱɱ˫ӴۣҲǲܵġˣڳǣӷ磬ӵǧġֻҪָ֣֣Ȼܰ˴ħʦͬʱǣס˫Ӵ۵Ļӷ㹻ʱ䶯ǧˡ
ӷ絣ĵǣԼһǻԪʱָֻǸԼһưˣһǳӷֶθ㵽ġָӦӷ£ǰҪҵָѽ
˫ӳǣ˫Ӵ۵⻹˫ӻҵЩȫͲǳӷϼӦģһָ֣Ǿ˫Ӵ˵κˣ뿪ˡ
ģ
ӷΨһģǶһѣָ᲻֡򣬾ֻ˫Ӵͬӷ綯ǧˣȴǾԲܵġ
û֪ӷڸʲô˫ӴҲʮ˽ӷģ֪һһЩ˷ʤֶγΪ˲óӷе֣˫ӴҲٵȥˡ
ǿƣޱǿֱѹסӷ磬óӷжǧ˿ᣬһ棬˴ħʦҲöˡ
ǻʲôѵñ۷γӷ綯ǧ𣿱ˣҪһУֻҪڱɱӷʨ֮ǲŻõͬģǰ˸վڱսϣӷϼ˲ǲ֮󣬵ʨͻɱģһҪɱģҲȻǰ˸
˫Ӵڷĳв˴ħʦˣҲǰ˸ڵڵǰɲͬٲ֣һ䣬ǻ˫Ӵۣȴһߵϣ
ħʦаϵĵλ֮ǰмȻǲܷʩġ˫ֱۣӿһֱû˵ߣߣħʦаϵλ죡
֮֮ǰû˵ҲΪԼһ·һȴ˵ʨʨʱϵĻ˫Ӵ۾鷳ˣɼȻʨҲû֣Ǿ˵죬Ӧ˫ӴӮˣֻҪ˫Ӵɱ˳ӷ磬ˣӷǧ򣬿¾ʨҲĶ˰ɣǸʱԼҲǰȫġ
˫ۣһ׹⣬ͬʱеһᣬֱӾͳǰۻҲվ˳ǰ˿̵ĵ۵Ҳû˼ȥܱˣãȫվһ
ӷͷʹѽָƻûзһϼһﲻĻǵõھһսˣҲԲܴ˫Ӵǿѹ֮£Ҳѱġ
ļһǧҲѽ
ӷȻǱ˫Ӵ۸ѹסҲֻѹסˣ廹ǿԶġ
ѣˡ
ڳӷУһ׹⣬ӷһȫĿ˳ӷ磬ÿһҲ֪ӷղڴţģģһܸ˴ħʦƥе
˼ӷеƺ󣬺ܶȻǲʶʲôģǰ˴ħʦﶼǲɵһ
ǡָ
˫ķǳ󣬵ʨǲģû뵽ӷȻóָƣѵղ˵ѣָģָ
ѽ˫Ӵ۳ư԰ǻԪ֮Լ˴ħʦ˫Ӵ֮ǴһЭ飬ɵָȴûдӦҲΪˣָûԼһġ
Щ˫ӴҲûҹָһֱ룬ȴָ䶼Ҳ
Ҫ֪ⰢǻԪ磬˫Ӵ۵ĵ̣˫Ӵ۶Ҳˣӷôʶģѵһιʱ򣬾ʶָָΪѣôܻӵָƣ
ԣָǸˣʮֵĹƧͲѵģ˵ӷˣѵĹϵǡ
ǰ˸ͬʱ뵽ʲôƵģ
ѵǵʨ
ѽָͳȥˣһָġǰ˸֪ԼŴħʦȫʨ֮ˣǸʱָԵʨĺܣһֱʨΪѣΨһһѡϧǣָ˼ҳΪѣ˼ȴѽָͬˣ˳Ϊͬһ
ͬ˵ʵĺѳΪѵģΪҪ飬ԶܸĽŲҪչ㣬ʨˣһȥչ˱ˣȥύѵеģֻ£Ҳһûѵ
ڻϿԶ϶ָƣӦΪʨĹϵŵõģңӷָһָڵʨϣҲһԹ۵ġ
Ͻָһ֣ǳԿľˡ
һ˿̲֣ѵűŰ
ӷ罫еƣֱӳ߿һףƣڸ߿֮У¡һը˿һ⣬֮Уγһָ״
˫Ӵ۵ɫȻһ䣬˫߿еָ״˵ָ
˫Ӵۣû뵽İɡָգۼͻᵽ쵹뿴ǲܽɱ⡣
ӷ˵⻰ʱǳ飬ָ֪᲻֣ˣǽʲô˵û֣ǽͱˣ
ͬʱ˫ӳ֮⣬һȥʵǷһƬгÿһ˵ı飬֤ս׼սġ
˫ӻҵĳԱǱûڴеģǷ˫ӳĲͬطפţֻ˫Ӵһ£ɱȥ
ɾڲ֮ǰͬȰӰǸˣһ÷Ϊĸλ˫ӻҳԱò׷ɱȥԼ˫ӻҳԱɱһǿߣǲܵʲôûɡ
ôˣҵûУ
ûУԷٶ̫죬ǸԷӶû
ʲôȻ顣ǵôˣ
һʮˣһʮˡ⣬ʮˡ
ɱʮԱʮԱȫȴ˵Ӱûô罻
磬˵᲻ǵϼ˸ɵģ
ͷģ߸ˣ߸ˣ߸ȥӵˣǾ˫Ӵ۵߸ֵܡ
ǱѾ߸˫Ӵպ˫ӻʮֵܡ
ԡмˣԷǵעѾĵˣȥˣ


3007 ˫ǿƣ
ȫǵĿȫͶ˫ǱߣɱǰһҪʵĶ࣬Ͼǰֻǵ˫Ӵ֮һս˶۷״̬ɽģȴǵʮΣҲһεʨӴۣϼҲȫѾλˣ˫Ӵ۷棬ǳ˫Ϣ֪֮ǰһǰǵģɵڣҲûƵϢѽ˵ʲô⣬˫߸δǰ¶棬˫Ӵص˫ӻҳԱҲˡȻΪ۵ǣȰ˴ħʦĵⳡս֮˰Ȼ
˵ʵڰ֮ǰ˫ӳǵˣⳡսɵģʤߣض˫Ӵۣеϼãʮ壬дʨӴۡЩ˼һֵܵס˫Ӵ۱а˴ħʦƨɶĵǲܵġ
ڰǰȴһ˶벻顣ӷʨӴۣȻؼʱȱˣģǵӲһ˵е
߿ųָ״Ѿ˺ܶһǱħʦаϵĵڶҲǴ˵ǻԪ˫Ӵ֮⣬ĵʨ֮⣬Ϊǿһˣָ
һֱָ߿գɵľ̵ģϾָڣ֪Ѿˣ˵ǵͬһĴڣˣȥ£ֶȥġָţȺ֮У𽥴ġ
ʵҲкܶڻɣָ٣մʨӴۣôܻʶָǼٵģӷѰ·ŻˣҲŻѽ˭ðƫƫָ˳Ļһս˵׼˭Ӯ˭ˡ
˫Ӵİ˴ħʦǿһôĵزָ֮ټһãһսҲ֪жܵ
֮ûе׵ģûʱ뿪˫ӳǣĴսνֹһΣ
ʷڲ䷢˫Ӵ۸ʨӴ֮һսȻעģ˭뵽λ۸һ˼ҵս
˫ӳſڣһѾ˽Щ˫ӻҵȴûӵ˫Ӵ۵֮½ǵģΪģΪ֮ǰ͵Ϯǣʮˣʮˣÿһ˫ӻеľǿߡ
˫ӳǵһһͷɫһµӣҲһ˫ǱǰٶȲǺܿ죬ԣǲȥ֧ԮģӦж
Ѿ˫ӳǣô
ģͷģǸոսӹֻǵڣ˶̫ףΪʲôڽӹĵһʱ䣬͹£齵ʨӴۣ죬ִżȫܵ˫ӳˡ
֮ǰõֻҪڻʨӴǳǾͿˣ飬޹ء
еˣ˲֪ΪʲôҪȴԼ֮ΪԼıµ֮˲ǱˣĴʼˣҲָ
Ϊλӣ㵱ʱûԼˣһ·سǵҲ٣ɽǱȴڰ·£ֲŻᱻֵġʵһУָһŵģûָı֧֣֮λҲܻ˵ɡ
֪ȻµǾ˵ѾվʨӴߣԼҪˣ޷˵֧ʨӴˣֱӹ£齵ʨӴ۵Ҫԭ
˫ӳǵһߴϣһϵӰѾϵӰ̧ͷ˸߿ֵָ״ɵ̾˿ʨѽʨ㵱飬ǰ˸˵ǲģңȴԶǡ㵱ɱ֣ǾŸһġ㵱Ƿ飬ΪڣҲֻףһ֮ˡ
ָ̣ıѾ˫ӳǣʵҲͲҪӷ緢ָģָΪ;Ҫӷһѣ۵һˣҲ˵ܽӷûзָָɰҲֻһΣһ顣ӷָƣǰװ˷ˣ
˫ӻҵǿߣѾȫǣ˫ˡҲָķԸǸ顣ָҲѾˡͬʱ˫ӳǵĵ棬Ҳ˼ͬˣǲ˫ӳǵˣҲֻ࣬ĸѡ
磬ʵڲףϴε鲻ѾΪʲôһ˵ʨӴ۱˫Ҫæأ
˵ģǱڤ棬ɣĴ磬ǱڤغڤĸڤǣҲһˡ
ڤ˵СãǴһôͺͿءѵ㿴ҪͶʨӴ۵𣡡
ʲô磬𣿡
ڤغûлشֻ˵µľ̫ң˵֮ǰڶŰʨӴۣ˫Ӵ۷ҲûʱǵġΪǱڤĽһΣͱҪﵽףһ죬˫Ӵۻģ˫Ӵ۲ǣҲŹǵġΨһģǱڤѡ񣬶ѡڶʱѾˣôװɡ
Ǵ磬ľ֪𣿡
֪ȴͬ⡣
ͬ⣿ǡ
˵ΪǱڤδҪ飬ұڤغ㶥ŸТĸñӣҲҪף⣬ҲΪ˱ȫǣȫסˣʨӴǱ߹ƿ춥סˣ٣ȥʨӴ۵ˣȥʨӴһ𣬶Ը˫Ӵۡ
䣬ڤغֱ𣬳˫ȥ
磬Сѽ
С÷İɣڿҪ˫ӴΪУǱֳ˰˴ħʦ粻°ɣ
ڤ˵һ治֪ɼȻѾ˾ȻҪģ־ģε𡣻ȥˣƴһѰɣϣľĶȷģ
˫ϿգѾվһ𣬱ҲѾǱȥˡڣûȥЩˣˣʼעŵãϳӷʨӴۣ˫Ӵۣ˴ħʦһսȻΪڴǣӷ˵ǸѣǸ˵еĵڶħʦ᲻֡
ӷ磬ʱˡһôˣʮָƱۣ˵벻붯ˣΪۻ𣿡
˫Ӵۻ䣬ͻأһǿĿ磬ϱ˹漴ָʧˣһֲϣϵ
˫Ӵۣ겻治Ϸ𣿡


3008 ǿսҪˣ
ʵʤ۱磬˫Ӵ۵ӷһֻˣıֶεˣŪʵҲֻǧѣģ˫ӴۿȫһĲֵģ˵ǻԪܽύνǿΪѣ˵ָˡ
Ҫ֪˫ӴۣǰѾ£ָˣһֱûгɹЩҲָ䣬˫ӴҲģ£Ҳ뽫κһ˫ӴвˣŹġ
Ȼָһ˫ӴвȻ˵ָʵ˫Ӵ֮ϣ˫ӴҪɱָĻ˵֮ɱɣ֮ڣȻԽͷ­˫ӴĵģָΪʨã̵ָЩѧҲҡġڣ˫Уܶǿߣָѧ˫Ӵܲ£ЩһҡͲҪӷȥκ飬ֱӾͿԶҡ˫ĸˣ
˫Ӵĵ飬Ƿˣָĳˣһڳӷ緢ֵָģܻһɺ𣿾ԲܣָҲʮ͵ģһۣ֪ӷġ
ɽ󣬻ڳܶ˫ǿߣָĳ֣ȫصһ£ǳӷղһУȫ֤ʲôڣָѾˣɽǵȵλݵǿߣҲȫͷûκˣȥָһۡ
ħʦѧʵһʮ΢ĹϵֹϵģڻħѧͽʱħʦĿһһʦ֮ʵܶԭΪѧˣħʦ֮䶼κεϵģպ棬ҲܻᵱʶϾǻԪħʦָҲǹʸħʦ̵ġЩħʦ̵ˣͱԼʦŵĻǸħʦҪΪԼѧûûҹƴɱˣЩ飬ħʦмȥԣѧʦ֮ħʦģ
Ҳи⣬ħʦҲһģǿʦΪڣʦѧ绹ػ˵ʨԵʦƣװʶɽЩˣָȫͷкҴһ
ħʦаϵʮħʦѾ˾ŸңŴħʦľۼȴΪһͬĿ꣬෴һҪ˸ΪУΪģǻĳһˡ
ӷȫͲָ֪ڵ뷨ΪԼƷָŸϹģóӷеж˵ϼһǸŵѽֵԼȥ
ӷָ֪֮ԻæȫΪ˻Լ׵һ飬һĲɱ֮ĻƳӷڽ󣬶˵Լʶָˡ
ȻǺֵܣƸһ͸Ϲˡ
ӷ˻һúֱܶɵ۵ġ
ֵܣûиͣⱲ֣ȻֵָܣʨӴۣҲѽõڶħʦʲôʱͳֵˣ
ԣ
ܶӳӷʸ֧ͬʱһ룬ǰʱ䣬ҲǰһָϢǻԪ紫˿ǸϢ˵ָһֵܣȴûָ֪ǸֵʲôˣôָܸݵģȻ򵥰ɡ
ڳӷһֵܺڣܶ˶ܵһʱ䷴Ӧѵǰʱ䴫ָǸֵܣǰʨӴۣӷ
ҿУرѽָǳԴҩĸˣô͸ӷݳֵأǸʨͬһʱѽȴʨĶӳֵܣǵʨⱲ֡ʵǿȥˡ
ȻڳܶˣҲһ뷨ָԲȥһ˽ݵģָһԸƧˣȻڸӷˣȲ˵ʨǷ棬ѵ˵ָѾҪվڳӷʨӴߣ˫Ӵ۶ŸҲ˵һҪ飬ʨӴ۳ӷ磬ڰǻԪ磬Ѿγһϼ壬ʮ壬˸ָ֮ǰֱȫ¹齵壬ڶӷıڤ壬濴ȥ󣬿Щ˼һ˫Ӵ۷ǵͷʹþòɣ
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˫һЩУѾѯˡ
ɽʱҲƣ˵ô֪
ǲˬ֪ԼȥѽΪʲôҪҡ
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ӣڣҪվʱǼվ˫ӴߣͶʨӴۣѡʮҪһѡˣ·һġ
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˫Ӵۣ겻ӣ㻹ѽϷѾϵĲˣȴһ仯ҲûУôᡣ
˫Ӵ۲ָǰĿЦʵ˵ʵָҲûпЦֹƧԸˣῪЦ𣿹ƿЦ֣дɡ
ָ֮Ի˵Ϊ˫Ӵ۸ղŵĻԼĻЫӣ治Լֺα£ԼأⲻǳĳϷĶ𣬼Ȼ⣬Ϸ򻹸ëѽ
Ȼ㡣ָΪµڶħʦھȻӷСֵˣ㻹治ʧݣ
ݣ˫ӴۣҲϷ˵ݣŪݣǵʮһεۣӷǵʮεģ֮󡣿ɽ죬ȴôɱӷһˣ˴ħʦˣ˵ֺڣ
۽ҪɱģֹǳӷһϼˣҲȫҪɼȻҲ֣Ǳ۾Ͳɱһ
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ӷһ仰˵˵ȥɣҪ֣Ͷֻ֣Ҫһ֣ҵˣȥƴһҿɲʲôɱ֮ģҿǻкܶҪģǽоԵİɱ˫ӴۣҲŻƴȥԣɱ˫ӴۣǾԲܵ飬ָϵҲֻܽ˴ħʦƽѣȻˣΪʲôҪðأ


3009 ˫ӻǿɱ
˫Ӵ۵ȷܴ󣬵ֲò˵˵磬Ҳ㹻׼һ׼µġ
ҪóưԴǧļһڸնµ𣬾Ѿ֪Լʧһ죬ۣҲбȡһ졣Ͼ˫Ӵֻǵʮһεۣ֮󣬻һʨӴۣǲĴǧͳߡҲ˵˫ӴѾ֪Լһ죬ʨӴֵ֮ģȡʨӴۣΪõۣô˽⵽һ֮󣬾Ѿ׼ˣ׼£ΪȡʨӴۣ
˽죬˵ʵ˫Ӵ۱ѾԼ׼˶꣬ˣԿ϶ǣ˫ӴյĵƣǾԲٵģô˵磬ôʱ򣬾ֱӶ˰˴ħʦ
Ҫ֪˴ħʦǳϷ˫Ӵ۵ģֻ˫֮һЭˣû֪һôЭ飬Ȼ˫Ӵ۸ʱͶð˴ħʦ˵ʲô˵˫ӵ׳˰˴ħʦ֮⣬׼Ȼ֮ĵʨָۣôȥӦأ
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˰˴ħʦǼȫµı˫Ӵ̵ʲôأ˫ӻеǿ𣿲ܣ˫ӻУ˫ӴΪǿб˫Ӵ۸ǿģۣҲֲˡ
ȻЩӷ絽ڸûȥ룬ֻŴҪô뿪˫ӳǣȵָ֮ǱһҵĶսӷЩˣܻⳡսģͲͬһսӲҪĻͷ˵ӷ磬ˣֻ·һģĲġ
ˣǳӷΨһ뷨ǸϽɣʱԽϣɾͶԽѽЩˣҲҪģȻǾͱضԱʵлɱ˵ʵҵ˿ɲͬÿһʵûǵʮ֮һǴǾǵġ
ӷҪڵָ֮ˣƻ٣ǵ·Ҫѡã˫ЩҲǳصģһǸ赲סˣǾͲһҲ֮ǰǵˣ˫ۼһ𣬼˫ӴʱܵǻԪǾڼƵ˳֮ɻͣ׷ɱģ˿̸֮أͳΪһӷͷʹ⡣
ǻԪ磬˫Ӵ۵ĵ̣ӷոչδ𣬷ټİǻԪ磬ֻҪ˫Ӵһ£ûгӷ˵֮ˡ
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ʶ˵ǲ뿪˫ӳǵĻ֮ǰļƻӵΣա
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ǣһҪģ֮󣬳ӷѹûܣٻص˫ӳǡ
Σյĵطȫģһܼ򵥵ĵ˫Ӵ۶ԣô򵥵ĵȫȥģΪʲô˶ĵ飬˫Ӵ۾óӷ粻ܻȥ
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ָһӣһɫָ̱󣬱һΧָͷһڽӣȫһڿٵתš

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ͬʱ̵ˣҲѾҪʼˣ˫ȴǸΧ
ʱĻѸ£ѾڽǱˣΪʩгӷļƻʱĻѸ²̵ְܳˣֻǸҵ˴һ𣬿һս
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3010 ˵ʦˣ˫ƣ
˫ӻУû˸ȥΥ˫Ӵ۵ǷǳʱڣһӷصĻԳӷ˵½޴Ķֱв˫Ӵۣ˫ӻҵĶ˵˫ӻҵǿߣǾԲжġ
ڣ˫Ӵ۵δ£˫ӻҵѾسˣһֱ˫ǰɾ˫Ӵ۵Ȩ˫Ӵ˵ֻҪΥģѪԴϵˣǶֱĨɱԲġ
˫ӻҵĳԱ˭֪˫ӴǸôˣɼȻ֪ûнӵ·سضǷʲô벻飬Ҳ˫Ӵû뵽ġ
˵ãʮȫѾˣָҲ˹ͲˣԸԼ˫ӻҵĳԱ˺ѽ֮ǰԼǽΪֱפڳģȻֲĸλһ鷢໥֮䶼ʱ֧Ԯġû뵽Ƿ顣
ʮˣʮˣ˵ԣǷֲڳĸλȫܵ˹Щ˫ӻҳԱǱҲûץסԷöԷˡ
ͷ˫ӻҳԱ˫Ӵ۵ĶܣЩˣÿһڰǻԪ綼δ¶ģȻɨɻҵǴ֮Ҳ˵˫ӻҳԱˣȫѾˣŵģɽЩӾɻҹ齵ˣûһǽӴ˫ӻҳԱģ˫ӴҲ֮ϵ
Լҵ˵ʮˣʮˣ˫Ӵ۵̾͸еһֲõĸоԣ͵Ϯһһ˽Ӧӷ˵ġ
˫Ӵʱ򲻵òķȥ룬ܰӷˣȫڳˣô͵ϮԼҳԱģӦӷģֻʲôأ
ʨۣ˫ӴΨһ뵽ˣǳˣΪʲôֱֻҪһӷҲûҪָˣǸǶһͬʱ۵ĳ֣ҲضһԵЧֱӴѹ˫Ӵս⣬ȴӷҡźˣ
Ȼûг֣˫Ӵ۾ͿԿ϶͵ϮԼҳԱģǳۣٲǳ۱ˣ
뵽˫Ӵ۲˿ԥҲκɱӷʱˣΪⰢǻԪ磬˵ϼ֮⣬ܳۻĵƣ͵ϮԼģǳصĵƣصʱ䣬Բһʱˣ뿪ǻԪ֮ǰѾź˵ġ
˶˵޵еĴڣ޵еĴڣָģϵǿǿ˵ǱʶУͷԼ򵥣֫Ȼ޵УȴҲƻ䣬˵ûڰǻԪţ֧˵ɣǿУüεתȴôõ飬ڽս۵ʱóˣò˵ı㣬Ⱥ껹ҪƻĴڡ
ָ֣Ѿð˴ħʦȫмܲסˡ˿̣ǰ˸ȫ˵˰˸ͬķλǲһⱻָɱĻᶼûˡɢҲֻһˣṲȪģ
ȻָҲи첢Ҫ˫Ӵ۾һսģֻȳӷ뿪˫ӳǵģȻ˫ӴΪǿĶѾҶˣҲûҪ鷳
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Ǹһ··ȴǵָģû취潫ǰ˸ˣǽضǵãָӷ缸ֶԸ˫Ӵ۵ģҲضƵ˫Ӵ۹ǽʲôжϣκ˶кô
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ãˡ˫ӴۣģѾˣǰ˸ȴĶ֡죬ȸˡ
˫ӴҲûȥǣǰ˸ţԼޱףˣǾ̫ˣҲضõĵĵطԣ˫Ӵûȥǣֻ˵ͷʾȥ
˴ħʦͬʱ̾˿Ƕ˶ˡԼһӢڵսʨʱһΣû뵽ڵָ£ֻһΡƽǻԪ磬֪ҪôԼ˴ħʦĴˣ
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ܺãǳáָ֣ȻǿޱѽǰˣǶ˵Ķ֡
˫ӴۣҲģֻҪųӷȥ֮飬ϷԲٲˡ
ѾһΣŻ㲻ֵڶΣ˵Ͳ𣿽϶ᶨˡ
ӣڣҲֵ֣뱾һս˰ɣ
˫Ӵƽӷѹסӷն˲񷶦壬ɲˣ򣬵ùľ˫Ӵۣ˫Ӵۻû԰ΪԼͬʱԿǧ򣬵ãһָģ
ҿûʱȥˣԼӲҲŵġôҳϴںѾһˣ˰ǻԪ磬ͻʱɡ
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ôѵ㻹Ϊڵľ֮£ʤ㣿ߣ㻹ҳȸղǰ˸ǿֻߣǸʲô˫ӻҵָܸ𣿡
ӷЦһ˵˫Ӵۣʶһ㡣Ҹһ棬㲻ΪңҲΪ㣬Եδպ󽭺ټҪӲĻۻ۵ָĸǣס㻹ǲİɣֻҪĸһǣס㣬ʣ˫֮ǰеڶѹסңҶǧ롭
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۵Уѹס˿ɲ٣˵ָһվͿԵѹƣǣҳһȵָֻҪǿԣ˵ǻԪԣԲУӷ磬Ϊİɣ
˫Ӵ۵Ļ˵ĺɣ˵Ц㣬ЦڳӷԣǾһвѽ
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ӷ磬ʮǰĴ½սۣӦûûǰɣ
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Ҳȳӷʣ˫Ӵֱ˵Ǳۣģ


3011 ã쳷
̫ɵ飬һǣǿ̹ĵ飬Ǿ£ǵĸӵ
ԣսۣӷǵʮΪһΣӷͱˣͬģҲΪսۣӷ˲ٵĵˣ˵һεս۳׾ս֣ռȷеˣеģֻǳӷħҲǰ˫Ӵۣ
òϣƣǳ˵ģǻֶۣΣǶŵһһֻ˫Ӵ۴˿˵һĻóӷû뵽ġ
껹飬ѾﻮպһˣΪҪһ裬ҲЩ鱻ţû뵽һֶΣȻǽһ͵ģڱģˣ˫Ӵۡ
Ǳ˵ĻӷǾԲŵģϾȷǵ˫Ӵ˵Ļóӷ粻òȥˡ
˫Ӵԣǻ۸ֶΣȼ͵࣬Ͼۣҳﻮʱ䣬ҲһҪãҪ࣬˵Ļ˵ʮ֮ߣߵӷֱӾˡ
Ȼ಻˫Ӵ۵Ļһ£˫ӴΪʲôҪʱ˵ĻһˣҲǹؼصڡ
˫Ӵ۾ԲǸĵˣҲǸЦˣӲǸƵˣ˵Ļضԭģԭʲôأ
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øָ˿Ѿȫ˳ӷߣȻ˴ħʦѾˣҲѾˣھȫûҪ˫ӴȥʱϵԽãԼⷽԽô˵ﶼ˫ӳǣ˫˫Ӵ۵ȫЩǵָĶ֣ɵָɱЩЩͬǿɱӷѽҪھ̫ˣ
ӷ磬ڲǸӲƴʱϳˣʵǿ֮սҲ١
ָǻģܽӷ˫ӳǣûһղŸֻ˰˴ħʦҲûһ
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СӣǲǷѽʱֱ飬ֱ˫ӴʾպķչǺܲġҪ֪첻ܽΣһУԪ紫ġȶסĻƵһ棬ͻԪ綼֪
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ں˵ʲôֻҪϷǣס˫Ӵۣǧ˭ܵס㡣
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ԣڵĳӷѾȫ˷ִ磬ɵʲô£ʲôˣóӷ˴ҷִأǴӳӷδѽȻ˵ˣˣȫҪ
˫Ӵ۷һЦ˵۾ϲ˴򽻵ȻǱ۵ĵˣɺܶ飬ܶ໰Ҫ˵ֻ̫ҪһͿˡ
˶٣˫Ӵ˵ӷ磬֪η壬šȷƬ̵Ļ㣬ˣȫ˫ӳ֮ڡȻҲǸûȵˣ˵ֱӾͶ֣һᶼĻ¾ǶˣҲġǱ۾͸һλᣬֻҪ֮ӳ˫ӳǣ۾ͷһȻ˵װܵģèץèΪ˷ܵģǰľŸη壬ڵ㣬һֻǣȫ󣬱۾Խһݣһֻèɣ˫˫ӻҵڿʼҲӵè
ӣ˫Ӵʮѽܲ㣬ӷ綼Ѿ˷ִ磬ɼ˫Ӵ۽Ҫƣ֮ҪƣضģһǾġ
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˫ӴڿմЦɳӷȴһ䷴ʱ䶼ûˣΪڳӷ˵˫Ӵ۸ղŵÿһ仰ÿһ֣ԼûκηĻˣ
ҵ󱲣Ҫл˫ӴӻĻ𡣺ãˣû뵽Ȼ˵ĵơǻټģ´μ棬ĵжôǿҵǰ𲻵κáˣɱȥӵʱ䣬˫ӴǲʧԵġ
˵û۾Բʧԡ˫˫ӻҳԱڣ˭ɱӷ磬õһ֮£֮ϵĴˡ֮󣬿ɾûʲôˡ֡ɱ
顭
Ѿǰ˫ӻҳԱȫһӵϣǿƵĻɱֵĻɱɱһһݹɱһͽ겻ĵλȺ£˭
ɽ󳼣Ĵܶ˫ӳǵİգʨӴѾʼˣԣһս˫ӴۻʤǵѡҲʱ¾վ˫ӴߣɱʨӴ۳ӷ磡


3012 ɱ˫ӳǣ
˫ӴһλһèһһȺСèĴè֮У˫ۿ棬ȺͬȺèΧţ˫ӴֻèȴһԹ̬֮·èսƳİ㣬˫ϷȺɨš
ӷ磬ָãҲѾ䵽˫ӴİΧ֮ڣ̵ˣȫѾ˫ӴΧǿߣҲȫʱ֣˫ӻҵĳԱӲǿ֮󣬱Ͼ˫ӼĵϵʱܶԼ˫ӼӣӷҪҲԼ˫Ӽ
ʮ巽棬ӷȫۼһʱҲѾһ·ɱ˹ȥɸ˫˫ӻҵĳԱӷߵȷ̫ˣҲǸǱͬߵҪ֮࣬ǿߣҲҪ֮ǰǱߵĶǵָ֮ɱһѪ·ֻ𽥵ĳ佣ָõ·ɱȥ
ǵʵ̫ףлһ棬Ѹֲܼ򣬺ò׳ңǰæ
ۻʮ˱ҵˣҵһҲʮ⣬ҵˣҲһ
ۻƣʮ壬Լ˺ôľǳϷϼģӷ絹ãΪǼˣȴҪʮǲ̫˽˵㡣
ۻַһ룬ϾӷʨӴۣӷϰףǳӷΪεģԽǵʣӷôϰġ첻ܱóӷϰףƾҪӳ˫ӳǣ֮ӷҲϵϼ鷳ġ
ǳֺѽ֪ͲӦܹӷˣ
ۻΣʵҲӷϰʮȷȫϾǵʨ϶һϱǵʨ͹ģ
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ûиʮҲ͵ѽҲȫƴɱУۻȴôһ仰ⲻòĺѽѵͲʮʱǹͷ˫Ӵ
ȻۻûյĻɵ˵ĻΪ֪ʮûлͷ·ˣǽҪͶ˫ӴۣҲˣԼݣǿʮˣǰʮ۵ʣ˫ӴۣΪ飬˵˫Ӵۣκˣȥġ˵ʮ·ѡֻǰյۻ˵İ죬İ壬ȴ˼ҵһɱ̾ѽ
ʮǣӷҲͷĶˣڣӷȫԶ߿ٶȣһ·޷̼俪һѪ·Ǿֻܿǧˡ
ˣ˵ȥ
ӷһȫ˵Ҳ֪ӷҪʲô
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ǲ񷶦֣ڳӷǰһ⣬漴֣ǻĹŻĹټʥ޼ĽԼ
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޴ıըɳӷڵλãΧԲ֮ڣըһƬĢƣǳӷ罫λƺ˵ģըķλ̫󣬾ͻ˵ڽǱߵĻѸ£ˣȴڳӷı֮ڣը޷˵ǵġ
ڣٶȳǡ
һȫˣЩը֮µĵǳǧΪûȫ£ıըעɱ˫Ӵ۴󲿷ֵˡ
ʮȫɵۣÿһҵ棬ӵйģ˵ҲԨԴȴǵһμʶȻ۵ɱﵣ˫ӴûӵУ򣬸û˿Կ
ʲôڣǡ
ӷͷ佣ָ·߷ȥΪ̫ңԶ˫ӳ̫Ӵ֮ǰѾ˷һֶˣҪʣµʱʹ˶Ǽǲܵ顣ӷĻܵôٰ࣬ܳɣ浽˫Ӵ۳ƵʱҲֻǼˡ
ӵʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˣӷʱҲѾ˳ſڣ˫ӴǱߣȴһЦӷ磬ʱѾˡ㣬ǣ׼ɣ
治֪˫ӴǴӺζģİѴħʦˣʲôˣǱȰ˴ħʦҪǿģֲ˫ӴԼǵĻͲҪôķϻ
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ûʱ˵ЩֻҪͿˣ鲻ùܡ
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ûУҲûСںܾ֮ǰҾͷģˡ⣬Ҳû뵽顣㲻õģˣΪöã˫ضҡ
ʱ򣬳ӷ綼˵˫Ӵ۽ʲôƣӷ綼ηģһ˵ǧõģѵĻи˫Ӵۣʨȼ
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ȫѾˡ
áڣ˶ҪɢǶͬһȥȰȫ֮㡣˫Ӵ۵ѾҲ˵ʱضǿеĽɱġһ˵·ʲôˣôʮļǰ档
ŭ¿̲סˣվ˵ʨӴۣƾʲôʮ嵲ǰ棿ǰǵڻҵġʮȻѾ˳˵ϼ壬ǾһΪϼ㾡һеģҲ뱻˵ڻҡҪֱɱǡ
ӷʵӦǰļɣ
ûϷŭ
Ƶүү
ǡ
ŭҲԼôˣȻԼѾ˳˵ϼ壬ԼӦǰȫİɡֻ˳˳ǣȴûмľظƣ˵һѾ˫ӳˣһҲã٣˫ӳӦľǸˣʱӷĻ͵ڰԼҲˣԼҪǮ飬ľȥ
ӣǸһģѾ˫ӳڡ㲻õģȻţȻҵĴ㣬ǽʮ嵱ڻңҲȥġȵ˳ˣֻҪ˵ȥסʱ䣬Ը˵İ취


3013 ǿм
ŭôҲû뵽ԼѾˣȻ˰ǻԪ硣ڵ꣬ŭ͵Ǳȥǵ֮⣬ҲǱȫӵȫκ˵Ķ֡񣬳ӷȻ˵ԼӰƣҲ˰ǻԪ磬ڰŭ˵ɾһ
Ͷ˵ϼ壬˫Ӵ۶Ÿɣû˿Կ϶ǵԼȫҪΪһѪİɣҲǰŭʱ齵ϼ뷨ֻҪΪһѪҲû׵ˣٲܵˣ嶼ģһʽȥ
ӷһ仰˵˫ӳǣŭɾͺƽˣǰʵӲΪʲôҪǻԪ
ӣŭǻûǱߵΪ֪Ƶɱӷ磬ȡӷĻͲ˵Ķŭˣ෴еţԼӾȻ֪ߵغɱӷ磬Ҫ֪ԼļӸŮΪ˶ɱӷ֮ģԼ壬Żᱻۻвסģ򣬾㵽ڣԼҲǶһģ齵ڵϼ壬һУǱввȵģ
ӷ粻ɵĿЦһ԰ŭʣӷϣ˵лĻԵһǺӣʮǰЩʲô֪֮󣬻˵ңҳӷʨӴۣ
Ȳ˵ʨӴ۲κ˵ģٳӷ⻰лðŭĲ롣
ʲô˼ӶЩʲô
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ӷ˫һͬʱøָҲǶͷð亹󣬶ȫ亹ʪˣһޱǿϷϯ֮ǿ󣬾ָеգе̾磬֪ģһôĽɫ
ǿ
ǿ󣬶һʮֵĹ졣ʲôˣǧ֮ڣ˵ʨ˫Ӵ֮⣬ʲôӵǿ
ָ̫ȥԴʲô壬ܻţϾǧ治У⸽ʲôǧУҲǴǧͬʱһռ֮ŵĻǧڶʱ֮ھۼӵе֮ǿҲǿ֪ġԲ壬˵ģͲòõָԾˣ
ӷûȥŭ̧ͷķ˵ˣ
ˣѵӷ֪Դǣ˫Ӵ۵νĵơ
ӷ磬ĵʲôˣ֮ǰˣǲѾ֪˴˵
ӷûȥشָ⣬ָ棬κһˣǳ棬֮࣬Ҳľԡ
ӷ粢ûȥش⣬𰸣ڳӷɳӷȴ˵ǲ˵ģһ˵˳ڳÿһˣʧȥһս⣬ô˵˫Ӵƣȷ̫ǿ󣬲Ӧ˵̫ˡ
νĳʤӣ˫ӴǺȷеĵ֮ǰİ˴ħʦ˫ӴûнʤȫǵϣҲûϣָһ֣͵˫Ӵ۵İܾ֡˫Ӵڰ˴ħʦֳ֮һƣƣ˫ӴʤĹؼڡ
ŭʮļڸûʱȥ˵ʲô
ӷһץסŭ·ݺ˵ǲҵĻȥڳ˶ǶˣȲ˵ģ㽫ΪǰǧˣΪĲϣŵǰ˫ӳ֮ġ
ҡ
ٸ˵ϻҲǰʲôʸסҪģʮļеסεķգڻңǰ档ֻҪΣһҳӷʨӴ۵Ǳ֤ưԴǧʮ֮ء
ӷ綼Ѿѻ˵ˣһǵŵãָ˵ġӷǸ˵ڵĻһ쵽ˣڵ⣬ӷʱ򻹺˵ĻǿǲΪˡ
Ȼʮ壬Ҳһĵ̣˵ɣȻ۵ģɰȴڵûд˵Щ壬ҲǳصġʮУȻĺöûó
ŭ̾˿ҲѾ֪·ˣ˵ǿ˷ָӷãָûӦǽ죬ֻųӷһΣƴһѣһˣ
ͬʱ֮ǰҪڻӷ糷˵壬Ҳûг֣ڤãҲûг֣ǲ֣ҲǲæȻһָµһǱڤغľôǾͲٳ޵ġ֮ûг֣Ϊһͬ⣬ң⣬ߵһ
ǿӷԽԽˣʮļΪǰȥֵ˵ʵӷ绹һնûУʮվٷ֮ʮ·һģӷ֮⣬ûİ취
ʨӴۡ
ʱһӳӷ˵ת֮ӷ翴һԼܹʵмӷӡʮֵ̣ǾǱڤã

ӷȫû뵽ڤغȻ˹Ӧôڱڤ壬˫ӴȥǱڤôͻȻܵˣ
ΪֵǣڤغãȻǸ壬һģ
ָһ֮ǰڻӷ糷ˣȴûȴʱܹһڤСӻһ⵽ôһ£
Щ佣˵
壿ڶʱ׷ɱҵǸ塣֮˵Ҫ齵ҵģ
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ôʱ˹һڤ˸㵽һ֮ǰڶ򣬱ڤ岻Ǵ𣡡
ȷˣڵڶʱȫһˡ˫ȻߵһǾûгΪˣҶǣҲûκεĵ⡣ûĻӦǵġ
ʲôЦңĸӦ˵ǿУЩܹʲôá
˵ӦѾ֪ǿУɼȻ֪ܹһʲôԭġǰɣǿе䵽ˣӦûûô쵽
ӷ˵ͷ˿̵ڤغˣѾ˳ӷ˵ǰ
ûָΪָ֮ǰѾģ棬Ҳʶڳָ֪ݵˣҲֻ佣Ϲˣ
ڤغ
ӷ罫ĿⶢһϣʵǿƶԸ֮ǰ˴ħʦеκһƥˣΪȴʮֵ͵
ʨӴۣġڤغ˵
ʱ˭ң˭ǣġ


3014 ۵ţԽλ
ڤغɫе԰ףϻŲǸ˶ֵġӸڤغ࣬ΪʵûڤغǿǲҲûڤغǰԣ
ӷ˵ûǿмϮʵ˫Ӵ֮£Ȳ˫Ӵ۴ĸ˵ǿߣ˵һ޷ӦǿУνж˾Ҫ˵ġ
ڤغʱܹɾġ
Ѿˣ֮䣬Ƿģ뿪ɡҲһˣҿ޷֤ǵİȫ
ڤغʮּᶨѾ˾Ͳı㣬˵ȻˣǾûߡ˫Ӵɳǿ󣬶һ˾͵ڶһ˵ǿߣûκ˻ʮյģǱڤ壬Ѿû·ˡϴζ飬˫ӴģʱǱڤͽһ
˵μǸѾӳɵĳԱˣʨӴۣ֮ǰĵط㲻ҪϡһΣȻˣҲѾѡǾ͸ڤһǲȥġ
ǺοˡѵԷǿûио𣿡
ڤ˵ȻǸоˣҲ֪߾ǧҲһӦ
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ڤ⻰˵ӷȥˣΪӷ籾ҲΪġ˫ӴɳǿߣȷԼֶ޷Ӧ
ڤغóһŷĶݵӷǰ˵˽Ұ㡣
˶űڤغʱ򣬾ȻͨڤغͶӷ磬ʲô
ӷԥһ£ʱ򲻹ʲôԼκðɡӷ绹ǽŷ˹ȴûֱӴ򿪣ʵʲôҵģ
ҲʶֹסøˣûȥӦ㣬ֱǣ˵Ǻܿͻɱġ
ָһһͷʾڤغ˵ûԼˣҲǱͬһ˸ֹסġ
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ӷڻǺ棬ŷ֮ڣʲôط
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ģ˴һŹʲôѵһţ֣ܴǰΣҲ̫Ϸ˰ɡ
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۵ֽӹһ£˵ħޣ
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˼ǲ˵ħ޶ԸǿУ
ܡħ޶ԵУǻҪŹ𡣵֮κһħߣᶯñħ޵ġû֮˵ʵԼ֮ϣҲᶯħ޵ģͲʲôӦеķ
۵̾˿ǵ갢ǻԪĵʨĳۣһģϲЩĶ˵ֱӸôͿ𣬸Щеûģ˼ô
˵ǲԵ޹ֹġȻ˹һġ
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ڤغҡҡͷشҵĲǳħǳħȴ֪ǳħǳħʼֻһַ֧
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˶˵Ϊʲôڤغ˵һ֪ѵӵеĹħйϵ
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ӷ֪񷶦ޣҲػ
ЦˣԴҸӴӵֻ֪񷶦ػޣģûС
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ڿɲǿЦʱ򡣡
ûЦ˵ҲûΪ׵Ĳ񷶦ػ֮⣬ĸûػޡ㲻ͽӴı㿴ıУ˲񷶦ı֮⣬ģ𣿡


3015 ۸
ȷȲ˵ģԼԭ˵Ͳ࣬ȫƤɫģˡʵڱʱ򣬳ӷѾɣ֮ǰǳԲͬ壬ֻв񷶦ıԭ࣡
ڵôһ˵ӷӿ϶Լʱ뷨ڹϵİǻԪУǴŲģǸˣѡӦΪǿĴڡ
ֻǵڣӷ綼֪˲񷶦ԭ֮⣬ġ
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飬ӷɲҺģϾǧһģԼΪǿĵƣһ߰㣬ԼΪǿĵƣҲġ
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⻹ȵͣͻȻһϯˣȫȥֻңԶķ򣬳һ磬һɫ硣
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ӷҲϻھа취ӦǿУҲûʱѽ
ȫӷһ𣬳Ϸȥɳȴǲͣĸٶȣ˳Ծ
һɽǱҪɽ֮УŲױ֡
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Ȼǰ涼ΣǾֻ취ΣˡΣĻǾͱˡɽеħޣͽˣǾסǿнɽʱ䣬ʱڣǱҪɽнݵ㡣
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ѽǵֵסģֻһʱˣϣʱڣɽеһħޣЩħ޲ҽԴɽеľݵ㡣
ȻǴ̣Ǿ͸սͬһݵ㶼ûУǵʱͻᱻ˴ĵܣ˷磬ġ
սѾ죬Ȼһˣˣȴܿ˫Ӵ۵
治֪ǿеʲôݣʲôҲʵ󣬳˵ʨ˫Ӵ֮⣬ⰢǻԪ磬Ӧ˵ǧ֮УȻǿĴڡ
ʮȫӷվһʮһˣγһš
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ӷ̾˿˫ҵʮɨһ£˵Եģۣ
飡
ӷĻͬһںӵʮԺص
ʲôۣ˵˫Ӵɳǿôֳˡ
˼ǣ˫ӴԳˣŭʵ
˵ۣ˫ӴۡӦΪۣɲֻ˫ӴһҸ˫Ӵڣһʮ
ӷ磬ʨӴۣʵûף㵽ʲô˼ܲ˵һ㣬˵һдǶͿˡ
ӷЦһ˵ҵ˼˵˫Ӵɳǿߣʮ۵һҲ˵ǿߣʮһλȡ

ǺӰԺ
ûѣֳһλۣһʮеһȣ⣬⡭
ӷ˿̽ŵˣжףʮĺ
˫Ӵۣһλۡ⣬ҲΪʲôҸղҪǵֵҪԭֻǸǾͻ˼άʶͬսһЩȻţǵʶѵġҲ˵ֻҪʶѣһʱۣӦöɱֵġ
ѹֳӷ֮ǰ˫Ӵ˵񸴻Ļ˵ĳԾԭӷ뵽㣬˫Ӵɳǿߣ˴ħʦҪǿǿߣǱˣʮһҵȣҲۣ
ʨӴۣ˵ģ𣿡
ģⲻҵĲ룬˫Ӵ֮ǰı˵Ҳ֤һ㣬˵ġ
ģǰһλ۸ǧ򣬻̫áϾʮȣӵйǧģǧǶ൱Ϥġֻ˫Ӵģһλۣ
ҾͲ֪ˣûֳ֮ǰ˫Ӵ֮⣬κ˶֪˫Ӵһ֣ŵĿһѽô룬벻ġˣҪԵģҪԣʮʮ壬ҲҪóֵ׼
ŭɫʮѿ˵ʨӴۣԲ𣬸ղˡ㲢ҪǵڻңҪǽʵΪǼҪԵģκһҵȣ
Ҳ̫ģ飬ˡʮǰĴ½ĽսۣԵģҵȣɱˡҲϣκһԼʱǧҪȿΪڣӦѾ˫Ӵ壬ʶѵģҲǵĵˣǴҵĵˡ


3016 ǵڼδۣ
ɳӷѾԽԽˣ³˳ӷʮ֮⣬ѾȫħɽȲħɽжôĿ£˫Ӵ۸ۣ͸ӵĿ£ӵǿˡΪҪǣڶ֪˫ӴǵڼεۣǼһֶΣӵĹˣͬ۶ܸ˵ӦǲܵѽͬΪۣΪʲô˫ӴۿԽ۸أŽ˸۱ϾڲͬĴڣǰʮεۣɶͳǧġѲɣǵ˵ģ©һΪǸ˵һ©˫Ӵ۳Ϊһԣܸۣ
۶ܸˣ˫ӴЩʲô벻ν©ִһôĳ̶أ
óӷ絣ĵǣǸ˵©᲻ƵıҲ˵˫Ӵ©еıҲ©Ŷġ
ھ͸һۣѾɳӷ˵ˣ˵˫ӴٸۣǽǰʮλȫĻ󣬵ʱһô龰
ɳ˿Ѿ˳ӷ˵ǰڳӷ˵ǰֹͣ𽥵γһħ̬˫۾ΪѪɫģû¶ʵ
Ҫ
ӷɳγɵĶħоһԼ֪ͬϾӷ籾Ҳۣ۵Ϣ൱ģԼϢ˫Ӵ۵Ϣһġǰ˫Ӵ۸ۣɢϢԼ˫Ӵ۵ǽȻͬȴӵ۵
ⶼûһðȻֵĻҪԿģһԿǾû·ˣض·һġ
һ۵ģϢȴǳа񡣡
ӷ籾ͲһˣаҲʮġ֮Ǿۼеаγɵġֻ۵аӷ֮Ҫа
ʨӴۣһǵΪʲôϢ˵аȫͲӵеϢѽŭʵ
ֻ˵һѾˡ
ָ֣ģϵı֣ϵı֣õۣһִڣͬ۵򣬳ӷ粻Ҫ˵ľŸηˡ
ˣȫɢһⱻһĨɱ
ӷȻǾħɳģȻѾʧȥ˱ϵϢǾȫκһεˣ¶۵ӣڳӷĿУĴڣȫ˫Ӵеһܡ
ŭȫճӷ˼ɢ˿ȫɢʮͬλϣҲûһ̶λãʱתλá
ħɳ˫Ѫɫ۾ͣ˳ӷϣڰŭƶʱ򣬶ħɳ˫ۣѾע⵽ǣ˫ɳγɵ˫֣һţֱӾͳй

ӷеʥһֱӾ۰£ħɳ˹ȥ
ৡһʥһħɳһָֻˣҲֱӾ˰ŭһ
ΣѽһҾˡ
ŭܸоղȻֻһֹֻԼһֻԼļʮϰٱ֮࣬ԼִֻУǾǱɵġ
סҪͱֳɳֵסĹҸ޷˵ֺ
ʵӷȫʱ䶯ǧģħɳҲûȥѹƳӷ磬ֻӷ粻ҶãҲħɳڣһֱӶǧ򣬱ħɳ㿪ˣǽͻ鷳ӷÿζǧ򣬶ıģõԽǿĵԽԼеȫĹˣûнħɳɢĻıضԼ
˵ڣӷҪȽɳȥֱ䱾Թҳ˵ڡ
ʨӴۣǸô
ŭʵ
ӷ绹治֪ʮʲôһʮֵضûУΪۣһʮеһģڵǣ˵ı𶼿ȥжһεأ
Ҫ֪һǵڼεֻۣ֪ǵڼεۣʮļȻ˽ġ
˼˵һȥ̽ŭʵ
ûž˫ӴסˣɻʶڵģĺҲһġʮϣֻҪ˭ˣǾ˵˭ҵȡȻкܴΣգҲһܱסǵԣҲǿǣ˭ϵĻȽħɽ취
ʨӴۣҲ̫СǵġȻһҵȣǾͲܡ˫Ӵ۾Ȼ˱ɵֶΣһҵȣǾǶǵ裬һҪͬЭȹһεΣ
ܺãǾŸҲ𣿡
ûǶġڸôϣɡ
ӷ˵ͷ˵ղŰзļѾܵĹҲû飬Ҳ˵ǰ۸зۣзҲҪˣȵ
ûղŶħɳֹģһǰŭһǾзļһҲû飬չֳҲʮǿģ֤һǰۣҲǾзۡ
ǰʮεۣѾųˣɻа˸Ҫһȥ̽


3017 ԸͶ
ʮУضŸԴʱһЩÿһδΪǿħʲôħʲôô㣬ЩʮһеģҲĸɵԼȵǿʮĹ٣ǳңȳӷİҵһҲὫӷһи¼ģӹ֮£˵Ҫҳ˫Ӵ۸㣬Դͱȸ⵽һۣҪݣΨһİ취ʮȥ̽
ǰİзѾ̽۶ǲû˿飬ԣͲܻǰۻǾзۡ˸ҲҪȥ̽һ۶һ˵ĻͿԿ϶һˡ
ֻ鲢ûгӷǰ򵥣˸Ըȥ̽Լ֮⣬ҲҪʱѽ
˿̣ողŽħɽȻȫ˳һɵͷ˳ģָϺóӷһͷʹʵҲǽ˽ɽ𣡲õң߲ġ
ӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɡ۵һĲˬڿɲ㡣ֻħɽȫħеħޣҲȫЩħסˣ˵ǽȥȺħޣѾˡ
˵ʲô
ǳӷû뵽ģû뵽Ψһ֮Ҳͱ˸ƺˡڵǸսɽʱͿɽĲͬλã˲ͬħޣÿһħ󣬻һħޣЩħڱƵ£߶ʮһ˭ɽֱӾͷģµ˸Ͳܽɽֻ˳ˡ
ͬʱ˫ӳǷһƬƬƾۼ֮ϣ˫Ӵ۴˫ӻҵгԱѾ˹
ӷ磬Ҫ˽ħɽǴ˰ɡ
˫Ӵվ֮ϣƬƣڱԱߡ˫ӻҵȫվ˫Ӵ֮ϡǾͬ콫һǾ춯ء
˫Ӵۣû뵽ǵ·߶㵽ˡ
㣿ӷ磬ǲ̫ˣ˵ǰԼ̫˰ɡΪҲ֪ǵļƻ
˫Ӵۻ⣬ӷÿһˣȫ˫Ӵ۵˫Ӵ˳ˣѺˣǻѸ¡
Сѣ£
ӷɫһĲ԰ףôܣѵԼļƻͱ˫Ӵ۸
ҪĴ壿¸㣬Ǹս˫ӳʱ۾Ѿǡ·ߣǱ۹ģΪ·ΪȫʵΪȫ·ߣȴǵ֮ءҵˣʵҲһֽġ
ӷʱסˣ˫Ӵʲôʱ˴ˣԼļƻˣһܷԼˡ
˫ӴۣΪ˫ۣ֮𵱳ħҪǿˡ
ħӷ磬Ϊħʱ򣬾ͻᴦʵǸʱ򣬱һֱռõֶΰˣⱻƣΪڲõĽܸõ㡣죬㲻Ǽƻʧˣֱӽˣ˱۵۸ͲҪ̫ͿԽ¡ΪǣŮˣȻǳĸס
ʱ˹˫Сӣ衣
뱾۷ˣԡֻҪͶ־ܣ۲ˣҲһͬˡ
롣Ҹƴˡ
¡
ӷס˱סȥ˫Ӵƴġ
ҪҡϻȥѺڰǻԪ̫Σˣֻл磬õ۵ıӣǲΪȫġ
ʱ˭ῴŻѸ²ܵģ˲ᣬӷᡣ
ӷ磬ۿûʲôģ㲻־ܵĻǱۿɾҪˡɱ֮Ӧ֪ˣϼˣʮˣһҲ뿪ɣһˣô˵ֵˡ
ڳΪ˽ӷģӷڵı飬ǰסӷ磬˵Ҫ嶯
̣ӣһΣǳװˡ
˵㲻ܻܵġֹæ
Сңʲô¶ҪæĻʨӴۣ񲻳˰𡣽죬Ѿû˿·ѡˣҲͶĻһҪģСѸ£ţˣȫһΪҶġҳӷȻǸ˽ˣ߶Ե˽ֻҲʶˣϤ˽ǣǵҲ˽
ӷ绰䣬ֱ˦̵֣ǰ˫Ӵ˵ͲҪ𡣷Ͷǡ
ˣܻڹؼʱѡġӷ磬Ҳָ㸸׻㣬ĻѾˡʨǸôˣҲұ˽ģԣһûʵĶӣһûκġ
˫Ӵ˵ҲûӷΪûʵˣôˣһûʵţҲǸʲôá
ٷϻϷˡ
ֻҪڱ۵ѹ֮ڣϾͻ˵ġңˣҲΪǣԷǻȥͬãʮ壬Ҳȥ硣
ӷ磬ɱͶҲŹǵġ۵˵
Ѿ˵ڣѾûѡˡҲͶ֮䣬ͻܶˡۣЩˣӦˡ
⣬ӷһҲûԥֱӽ˫Ӵ۵ѹƷλڡ
Ѻӷ磬ôͶ
ѽӷ磬𷢷裬ʱ򣬾ҲͶġͶˣֽΡ
ӷЦһ£˵ҲһʼҾעҪʧܰɡҵǵҲֵˡ
㡭
ˣ˫ӴۣѾѹ֮ˣڴˣͲõĵָϷˣòҪʲôУĻҶһҾԱǧˣһͬھ
˫Ӵ֪ӷһ֣ǵĳӷԱĻ˫Ӵ۸ûҪֻóӷһȥ
ˡ
˫Ӵһ£Ѹ£ϳ嵽˳ӷߣûˣ˫ӴҲûҪȥǡ
ӷ磬ߡ
߲ˣۣƣֻҪѹסңǧĻᶼûСߣùҡ
Уʱܶһ˲ܡ
ӷЦһ˵İɣ˫ӴҪĲҵǧûõǧ֮ǰǲɱҵġ
⣬ӷֶ˫Ӵ˵ȻѾͶˣõǧĻǾһ̰ɡڵҪȥ磬ӦҲǼ°ɣ
˫ӴļҪõǧȻᰴճӷ˵ȥһӷ缱ˣԱǱ˵ˣǻԪһУ
ãȻѾͶ۾һ̰ɡۿɰѳ˵ǰ棬ԣ˭ǻԪ磬ͼĻۿɾͲˡ


3018 뻢Ѩܵûӣ
ȻӷѾͶһԸͶģ־֮ȻҲҪס˵İȫ̵ˣǵãֻʮָڣҪסġ򣬳ӷɾͳԿˣԼԸͶѵܻȡЩ˵ƽ
˫ӴʱҲҪţٲ룬Ҳû취ΪҪֹӷԱӼ˻ҧˣʵڲУǴҾͬھɡ
ʵҲҪ˫Ӵ͵ģڸмֻͨҪͨȥˣҪ̫ľӷ˫ӴԼһ̣ҲֻΪ˫ӴۣñԽȻҰˣȫʤ
ָȥ磬ҪȻѾ˫Ӵ۸ˣҪʼۼе˫Ӵ۶ŸɡȻָҲţӷͻ᳹ġȻʶӷʱ䲻ãȴѾʮ˽ӷǸôˣ˵ָһ㶼ģӷ
ͳͳϷߡ
ָ˿ҲˣΪȣģʱȻҪȫߡ
û뵽ĽѵԼѡսӪ𣡽˳ӷ磬ɣԼ壬ҪʼΪɥ֮ȮˣǻԪ󣬿ڽԼ֮˫ӴҲһŹԼģȻ׷ɱ
Ҳ֪ڲߣҪȥˣǸطҲԼЩȥѽ
Ĵ֮£ָһͬȥָڷһξ֮תͷԳӷ˵СӣͺΪ֮ɣպټ
ӷЦһӣָͦԼģԼܻȥĻҲ˵Ļ
ڤغҲȥ磬ڤǱ߻Ҫǣȥ磬ڤ嶨Ȼᱻ˫Ӵ۸ѪϴģԼˣҪϸϻȥ˵Լĸףת𶯣岻ˣǱڤǣҲԲǱڤȥĵط
ʨӴۣɽģǺڡ
ڤغҲûȫȻѾѡվڳӷߣһʱʤܣͲ˵һСϾۣڤغԼ۹ⲻῴģҲţӷһ˫Ӵ۵ǿ֮»ġ
ָǸڤغǵȥӷ绹еһο٣ûзûоԼİܱ
ϼʮͲڰǻԪˣǵĿڰǻԪĻһΪ֮˫Ӵ۵һҪĿ꣬Ҳֻȥ磬ȥҳˡ
ƶԻ˵ٵˣϻȥ
˵ʲôڻȥѵҪ𣿡
ѽǵļƻȻѾ˫ӴۿˣӷԲ˫Ӵ۵˵
˵ҪҾʹͷ󡣡
̾˿˵ƽһͦǼλġɵʱҲò˵ʶôˣӦΪ˽ġѵǸ𣿾İһΣѵͻ𣿡
ƣʲô˼Ϲʵ
ʲô˼ӦҪ˼Ϊۣ־ܣΪΪ˱ȫǧȫԵֵסۣģһӵйǧ򣬿ҲǵֵסģϾǧѾˡҲ˵涯ҪڻǻǾûģԼǧ壬ѵɱɣ
ƿһ۳ӷ磬Ǹ˫Ӵѹסȴ˿ĳӷ磬˵ǹͶġ
Ͷ
ûȻǵļƻѾ˫ӴۿˣǾͱҪļƻ˵ԭļƻת䡣뻢Ѩܵûӣ˫ӳڻһľظƣ˫ӴԴȥ˫ģ˫Ӵ۶ԣץҶԣ˫ӴǷҵġ
˵ʥصڣ
û֮ǰѾ˵ʥһǳؼĵطһҪ֪ʥʲôطڵ£ֻ˫Ӵһ˲֪ʥʲôط˵Ӧ˰ɡ
Ϸ˵ӷǹģ
ȻˡȻҲ뷨Ľ˫ǻ۸ֶ˵һܽ˫Ӵ۵һеȫھġ޷Ǽ壬Ǽ˫Ӵ֮ìܣһξõĻᣬֱӽ˫˫ӴԼ֣Ǽ֮ǰļƻͬЧ𣡡
ƶѾѻ˵ˣĻֻ˵Ǳȶʦֻˡ
˵ҲеȻˣǾȻȥɡ˫Ӵûô׶ӷ磬ӷ˫˫ӻڲ档飬ӷҲֵġ
˵꣬Ҳٷϻһͨλ÷ȥȥǵһҪܵˣϣóӷ羡չȫµжȫµļƻ
գ֮䣬ˣȫͨڷȥӷʱҲص˿ղƿӷʱ򣬳ӷѾ֪ʲôˡ
ǼһȻԼûˣԼٳıƻֻһ˿ˡ
˶ˣԼҲͿԴ󵨷ĵԼҪˡ
˫ӴۣɣôԸҡ
˫Ӵ۹һЦ˵ӷ磬ǧ壬۲ɵֱӶġа취ǧı֮ǧ򣬾ȫڱˡҲţǧΪһģûû취ֶΣ۶ǡ
ȻôģҾô棬䵽ס
ˣӷѺȥסҪһ㣬ϾʨӴۡ


3019 ˴սĳʦ
ڳӷʱ𵺾ѾӷˡĴڣǲױٵģǿǳһֽĵطͬһĿռ䣬ڱϸ죬͵ʮˣ㣬ӷѾԹˡڣֻ˳ˣ
پˣڳ۵İ£˱һֻڵɱǸʱˡʱ㣬ҲͲһʱ䣬پˣȴһ첻ʱڣѾ˱ءȻپصѣûгӷǰǿΪӷԵپԵļǳ۸ⰲŵģ
ճӷ紳صʱ㣬죬ʮ꣬һΣȴظıˣҲ˵Ǽʱıˡһ죬ڱڣھ͹ʮ꣬Ҳ˵پˣԴӵɱǿҪˣʱڣپ˵ڱĶȹʮʱ䡣
Ȳ˵پڱʮôģ֤һ£Ǿǳ۵ı̬һռ䣬ȥıеʱ䣬̣˼ô쵽ġ
վڱĵأپ˵ͣڶѾȽϵˣոӷʱСپףڳӷչصʮǰپҲѾʮˣڣʮʱ䣬پ׾ѾʮˣͣոӷʱѾʮˣҲ˵ڵȶѾʮˣ
¶ȹйѽٵµУپȰ˴սȫѾﵽ˳۵Ҫȥսսʤһ㶼Ậ
վپǰ˿ΧЩʬ壬Щʬ壬ȫǿеǿߣһħǿߣȫѾپɱˣɱĸɸɾһҲʣ
ʱˣ
ʮĵ˵ͷӷصʱ򣬳ۼ֤ģپ˹أۼ֤ģ˿١
ӷûпˣǰ˸ȷֵĽɫ
ⶼǵʨĹͣûеʨĽ̵ҲܳɳѸ١
ԼǿĻѾ֮ڵġʦţѧڸˡѾܶûܹѧˣǰ˸˵ܵѧУߵģڵĳɾͣҲ˵ġڵĳɾͣȥǻԪˡ
پʵʨǱôˣ˵ڱȹʮ꣬һʱ䡣Ҽǵǽʱ򣬾ڸ˫Ӵսɣ
ţѾͷҪȥ̽˫Ӵ۵ĵƣ˫Ӵ۸ˡӷȥȱһҵϵ
⣬۶һЦһЦپͲµ˳ӷǱߵĽ
ܰɣʨЦǲ˵ǱѾˣ
ţȷǰˣһܵķǳҡ˶ѾˣϵˣҲˣʱڰǻԪȥˣȥ·һ˫ӴۣѾҵϣ֮ǰǰˡҲзʲô֪顣
Ǿأʵ
˫Ӵ۸ץˡ
ʲôץˣȥһȥڵʵͲҪʨԳˡ
ҪȥȥˡӷԼ뷨㣬ʱܹȥĻֻỵļƻ
޳ʵʨ˼ǲ˵ץǹģ
СĻͦġӷǱǾͲõˡڣҸ´һҲһɣһ֤оԵʵʨ񡣡
˵ֱ꣬߳˰˸ŷ⣬ŷ⽻پˣÿһ
ŷ⣬ǸԵ񡣡
׸ӣһ˿˵ʲôǶɵġ
䣬״򿪵ŷУһŰֽڰֽϣдŵ֡
ʨʲôҪһصȥ𣿡
νĳָĵĵĳָģһ˵š
һˣʨҪȥսʤгˣ
û˾ڰǻԪ硣ҲҪȥսʤɱ
û⣬ɱ˶ѣ֡
СӣҪ̫СĵˡɲһڰǻԪ磬ǰʮ֮ڵ
ʲôǰʮ֮ڵģ
סˣڰǻԪǰʮģǽһôѽ
޳ɣ֩룬ʯͷȣ׷꣬ŷ˿ÿһ˵ŷڣһһš
پŷ⣬ŷϵ֣˵죡
û죬ǼĶֵΪǿġǸպð˸ˣҲǸպð˸ˣҾǵǵĳʦˣҪһΣ˸ˣǰǻԪ磬ħʦаϵİ˸ħʦټһָСӣǾŴħʦǾŴħʦҵģңңħʦаϵĵһλΪʦ
⻰䣬ֱӾһƨ˵ϣ˵ʨǰɡ˴ħʦͬһаϵİ˴ǿߣȻҪȥɱǣǽȥѽ
˵Ϊ̵ħѧͽÿһʦ񣬶ֻǵ񣬱ǰ̳ħѧͽҪһˣ
پѽֹһ㣬ֱ̫ˡ
ħʦа񣬿ǰǻԪħаϵװİ˴ħʦҲǻԪľǿߣԼ˸ˣȥɱǰ˸ǲʲô
پǻ֪ӷڰǻԪ֪ǰ˴ħʦҪֲָܻܵ׵һͲȥˣǲң飬ɵϲŻȥ
Ҳںپˣ̳ħѧͽһʦʱǽһ񣬾ð˵ɣûͨǹأǾͲǿʦѧ
پٶ˵ʲôʵҲ˵ѣ˵ˣڳɡˣҲӦѾˡҪǿǹȥͬʱǰ֮ҲҪȥˣǸʲôӦöɣɱ˰˸ħʦֱӱǵӣǣڰǻԪߣһеԵΪһ壬˫Ӵ۷ֲڻԪ


3020 磡
λǰǻԪǱ˺ܶλǰս׼
ڵĳɶɷȼ񷶦ΪūѾ˳ߣ³·Ԫ˧ڶ·Ԫ˧Ȼʹ˿ūλãȸ˼һ𣬸ɷ񷶦һˣ硣
ʿʱ֮öɷΪ֮һǻԪ˺ܶ˵ʲôѲɣ˫ӴѾɱҲ֤˳ӷǱߵʧܡ
˿⣬ɷΪһĲ񷶦ߵĵһ񷶦ȻҪӦġ
Ϸ׼ӭս
ɷ˫һתϹţ˵ϹţǰΪǿģǼˣϷ죬ֻǻ壬޷սʱһָӰɡ⣬Ϊܾʦǲپλ
ʱ֮䣬˶˫Ӵɱ˹ǽ죬սˡҲ֪ӷǵôˣչȥûãô˫Ӵɱأѵӷǧ򣬶û赲ס˫Ӵ
Ӻ󣬳ȫۼ˵⣬УҲѾ⣬ӰǻԪͨһĳ
ˣ׼ãӭս
Ϲףһǰ档ɸҪ֣ΪǿʱȴͷͨģȻ̣
ţԼˡˣջȥ
̵ȫˣʱ򣬶ɷǼҲѾϹվһ𣬿Ŵ̵ˣ֮⣬кܶǶɷûģа˺ܶԼ⼸񷶦ҪǿĶеˣ磬ǿɶ޵еĴѽѵЩǰǻԪǿ
̵˸أɷǰʵʲô£
˵ǰǵ˵
䣬תƸǣ˵ûС
һ˵ľظ֮⣬Ҷ˷û
ʲôҶ˷ȥˣ
֪ɼȻûлһǻڰǻԪġ
Ǽһôָӵġһ˴ڰǻԪ𡣡
Ҷ˷ǼһҲ֪ʲôʱ˶飬ң˫ӴǱߵȻҲûзҶ˷磬治֪Ǽһܵʲôطȥˡ
Ҷǰʵ׷ʲô¡˷Ϊʲôû
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ҶЩԼδʵǣȫǰǻԪģ
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ܶ˶໥һۣϣϣʨѵǸ
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Ƕû磬ǻԪǱҲ֪ʲôʱܹȥȻ磬Ϊʲôǣ
ܴԼ뷨ɣǲ²͸ġڻ룬ôɱذǻԪȥɡ
ų˵ʵǣǳӷˣ
ɷǰӦû֪ǡ
ʨĵܣߣӦýг۰ɡ
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۵ĵܣ
λҶ㣬磬д֮λĪ֡
ֵʮֿûǿߵļӣ˺
ϼãǵĴ磬ǵʨۡ
ԭǰǻԪáҵŹϼʨǴӵϼġҼõ룬ҵȵѽ
ɷһЦ⻹û뵽顣ΪҪպȥ˰ǻԪ磬ܼϼǿߣû뵽죬ϼǿ߾Ȼ磡
˵λڿɲ˵Щʱ˫ʱ޷ǾҪߣһе׼ֻһ£ٴɱ밢ǻԪ硣
ʲôھŴ˫ʵ
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ƵĽϹ˵Ҳ˵ھŴĿǰǶһڵӪսһСģͽٲ
˵ɼȻľҲȥƻ¼ƻ˫Ǳߣչһ͢ԣԱͬʱһ˫˫ӻ𽥴ġߣҪλ԰ǻԪǿߣתħˡֻȫԱתħʱɱǻԪ硣
˵תħ⣬Ƕ˵ҲֻС¡ÿһ˵Ǳʣͬģǲܱ֤תħ֮ܵһôĳ̶ȡϾǲħʦ
ֻҪתħģµÿһˣҽȥǳ˿Ǿϸѡģģܻڵģûһǳصġ
ǺãȻˣǾͲҪ˷ʱˡӷǱʱҪǵ֧ԮʹڿʼɡǱߵģԽ̵ͽʮ˰ɡ
۵˵⣬ҲһҴ䡣ѾûˣȻ磬ǾӦüһ档˵ˣҴħʦٶȼӿ졣
ʨײβ֮ǰֻǽھŴİ˸սˣǸͲҵĵ
˸ս
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۵˵ͷ֮˵ҿǼλǻ壬ûʵ֮£޷תħġһǳҪ飬Ҫȥһ¡
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Ҷ
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Ҳ֪֮һǺüǳرĶӦӵǿޱȵȴκһλһ£еĻһд۴ңݻ٣ԲЩ䵽˵
˵ģǸ©ɵȫ±ֻҲ֪ǵ׻ʲôҲֻˣûУ
ã֪ˣѰ磬û˵Ķ
ɷ죬ҲôۣвȻҲûãǾȥһµ˵Ĺֶɣ˫Ӵ۵Ӧûɱʱڣǰȫģκεĵ˴ڣ


3021 ǿƵĽ
˫ӳǵĸŽ󿪣һʱĴŸÿһֵϣʼ̻˫ӴһѾź˵ģһȫǵˣȫټ˶ŵ⣬ڳ˷ǳƣڶŵĳſڣһɫӣϻһֻʨӣֻһֻͷʨӣһѾ޴ĿʨӵͷǶͷʨ֮ϣһֻ޴Ыӣһ˫ͷЫӡ
ԣϵ˫ͷЫ˫ӴۣǱͷʨģʨӴ۳ӷˡ
˫Ӵ۰ŵĿ湻õģʤӷһ֣ǽǶȡӷǧ֮󣬱ɱ磬۾һսˡȻ֮ǰ˫ӴȻ᲻һдۣҵҪҵĶ׼ʮİգھս۵ʱоԵʤ㣡
ڳӷ类Ѻ⵽˫ӳǵĳſʱ˵˫ۣȫͶ˳ӷ磬ĿѽֻһҲ⣬һֳ衣Ҳֳ˵һӶ޷ǵģνʿɱ裬һͷҲԲȥֳ衣ӷȻڳӷԣԼûаܣ෴ĳʤķǰһʱĳʲôʤ˱ҳ£Ϊһʱİܾ֣һʱĳ裬ҪҪĻˣԶܳΪİѰˣҲעʧߡ
ʲô磬ʲôʱɹߣǴʧ߹ģڵĻĴһϻʧܣǳɹĸĻ˭֪˵ֻмȥءݣĵλһ̶֮󣬺ܶˣܲʧܣɹĴ̫ˣһʧܣ͵Ǵõ˵ȥܡ
ΪۣΪۡߣΪɣıΪ顣ֻн߽һ𣬲
һڳɹĵ·ϣȥʧܵľǱʶУܻὫЩʧͳͳĨġӷȴᣬ죬˫ӳǵˣһ̵ĻӷģûκεĲˬһµӡҪʹɣʲôҶţҲţһ죬ǵЩҶһ䲻¶ȫǡ
ôӷ磬ĳӦôûɣ
˫Ӵ۸ӷһǿƽӷѹס³ӷжǧĻᡣ
ȫûҪѹˣʱѾ·ˡǧôҲ˲˰ɡ
㻹֪֮ġȴ㡣ӷǸôˣѾ൱˽ˣҲòϣȷǸĳϣȻһҲŭ˵ʲô˵ﻹе׵ġҲ۲֪ôĴ㣬ȴԿ϶һкУУӦʱû취
˫ӴۣҲ֪֮ġУҵȷУֻʱû뵽ˡڳôƣ˶֪ʨӴۣԶ˫Ӵ۵Ķ֣㣬Ѿ쵽ˡ
ܺãȻ˵ľǾ;Щ˵ϴɡ
˫Ӵͣ˽Ųӷ磬ȴǴ˫Ӵ۵ˣͣĳǰȥ˫ӳǽƵġ

ֻһǼĶӷ˹漴ǼĶӷЩǼһЩǳձħ޵ĵ𼫶ҪϺü
ʲôƨʨӴۣȫͲһ𡣡
ܶ˱߳ӷҶʲô˹
ɳӷĽŲȴ˲俪ʼƶţǱ˫ӴѹסˣֻǲܶǧѣǿԶõġ
ৡ
һ⣬ڳӷǰ֣漴ʥֱӳҳӷ綫˹ȥ
ãǵʥҿ
ȺҲ֪ʲô˴һʥȴڶʱ֮䣬Ϊ˳ǧ⽣ΪߣͣȺš

ֻһĲҽȺ𣬵ϼ֮һҲǳصģӷϾʨӴۣ䵽˫Ӵ۵Զ󣬿ɲʲô˶ܹµġ
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ӷֹͣ˽Ųʥ֮䵽˳ӷС
ӷһʥǰһӣȻָǳǽϵİɫӣৡһӱӷһ롣
ӷ磬ôĵӣô硣ʱ򣬻ҷ
ҳӷʲôҵġ㲻ˬ
ӷȻһתָԼ֮ˣǶЫӡ
㡭
ס֡
˫Ӵֹס˶Ыӣ˵ҪϾۣ㱻ܣ۵ӣǲģҲʲôùӳԡ
˫Ӵǰӷǰ˵ӷ磬Ȼ챻ܣҲΪܻ׼ȷ˵ԸܵģǱ۽ܵģϣۻܷصġ£ˣĲŰ裬ܵҰǻԪ۽оҲֻб۲֪ȷǸʱ
˫ӴۣٷϻˣҪȥ˫ȻַҵǧˡҾ͵ţֶΣжǿ
ӷ磬Ϊ۲֪Щʲô˫ɾҵģֶΣҲ൱˽ġҲҪС˱ۣȻ۸ҴȻа취޷ڱ۵˷˵ġ
𣬼Ȼ˵ţǻ˵Щʲô˫ӳǣĵ̣ˣԼһ£ҿɲұ֤ᷢʲô¡
ӷҲ˫Ӵۣ֮֮ҡڣȫͲһ²ˣֱӾͽ˫ӳǡҳӷڽ˫ӳ֮еʥͣĻţ߻ŭȫ۹˭ģվ
ӷƣܶˣ治Ĵˣĵ壬˫ӻҵˣûõ˫Ӵ۵֮ǰҲǲġ
һܵʲôطˣ
ľظȺ֮УŽǵĳӷ硣
𣿡
ڵʱʮֵ͵Ϊ֪ûиߵʱѾ˸ߵʱǾȫõ͵ȥˡ챻˫ӴܣҲ˵Ű裬һ
ʵαܣô˫֮ڣ˫ӻҵĳԱţʲô
ôʲôҲ֪£³ƵġŰɣźܿ죬ͻжˣ֮ǰҪ˫Ӵĥһģ˫ӴҪǧ򣬾Ͳóӷܡ
ľظһ𣬶һҶ˷ҲȺ֮Уֻһû˵ʲôûֻǾĿŽĳӷ硣
ļһΪ֮ˣ˵ţӲ
ʱвģֻһˣֱӴȺг˳˳ӷǰ
㣬ô
ʨӴۣҿ󶼲硣ʱ򣬻ţӲúýѵ
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ӷеʥֱӾһ˵˹ȥԽ˹ȥǽ棬˵۹֮£ˣֱӾͱӷһĳ˼Զ
ҶҴ磬Ҫ
һ˳˳ʱӷɾ¶׹ˣ˳嵽Լǰӷһһ̳δصˣֱӾʹ̴˰֮С
һĻȫǵ˶ˣûĵʱ򣬳ӷȻɱˡ
һϣ
ϰٵˣʱ֮ͽӷΧӷ˫Щ˵һɨеʥ⣬һħݺᣬԳӷħЩΧ֮ϡ
۰¡
˫Ӵۣ˫ҵӷȻʱɱ䣬ȫɵۡ
ۣСҲ̫˰ɡ
ȥʱƼˣܻܿԱģǻԪˣûǧһôӦ
Ȼ˫Ӵ۶˵ˣȻȥֹӷ磬Ҳ˵ڲж˳ͷӷһ·ɱȥҲ


3022 㿴
ӷνһ·ɱȥģһ·صʬ壬ѪԱЩȺϣÿ߳һһѪӡеʥҲѾȾѪɾˣвˣӷġЩˣ˫ӳһЩСĳԱСĳԱǶͬ顣Ȼ³ӷʨӴѾˣǾ˵˫ӴѾûκεвóΪۣǧͳߡʱ򣬵õ˫Ӵ۵ϿɣǱض˸ǵĴڡ
뷨ˣʵ̫ˡҪ֪˫ӴۿɶҪӳӷ϶ȡǧģҲ˫Ӵ۲ɱӷҪԭΪӷǧΪһģֱӽӷɱˣǧҲʧˣû˴ǧȻҲû˫ӴҪ취ӳӷڣǧЩأȾͲ֪˫Ӵĵ뷨ҲûǸʸֻ֪һζҪ˫Ӵ۵ĺøаˣЩһԣֻҪʱɱ˳ӷ磬Ǿ͵ǰ˫Ӵ۳˿ڶԼļ壬Ȼõôġ
һҪɱӷˣʵЩС壬СͷĿɳģЩͷĿȻǲԼܳرڼʶ˳ӷǿ֮󣬸ӲˡһЩСɫܳҲֻģӷȻܶǧ򣬵ҪɱһЩСɫǴ´ġ
Լվȴɱӷ磬ȫһּΪ޴뷨Ҳպóӷڱ˫Ӵõ֮²ʧԼ硣ЩһԼΪΪʲôЩһ˫ӳǣǻԪ磬ҳӷɲǺǵģʲôˣʨӴͷ϶ġ
һʱɱ¾ȫȫɵۣ˭뵽ѾΪ֮ĳӷ磬Ȼ˵Ű裬˫Ӵ۵ĵϣչ˵ɱ¾ȻЧڶ෽棬ηͬʱȻҲ˷ŭЩŭˣȻҲһһܳΪӷĽ꣡
ӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
û˫ӳǣȻҴɱ䡣첻㣬ЩˣҲûʸΪ˫ӳǵһԱˡ
˵˫ӳǵһԱڳܶ˶ĳνһԱҪΪ˫˫ӻеһԱҪΪǸطĳԱͱҪֳԵʵ
ˣȫվҵ뿴ӷ絽жʵɱǶˡֻҪ˫ӳǵˣûģôǾȫվλʨӴۣλѾΪʨӴǰҲʶһ£˫ӳǵ硣
Щһһģһ£Ȼǧվ˳ֱӾͽӷȥ·סˣ棬ߵ·ҲȫЩ˸ھĸλȫȫĽӷһ˸Χм䡣
ӷеʥûаͣͣǰţЩվΧԼӷҲɵֱӾͳȥЩİΧΧ֮УŲٵǿߣЩԼҪǿҲΪԼ֮ǰɱ¾վ˳ҪЩӲƴĻӷ֪ԼǾռ˿˵ģҪսԲеͨ
˫ӴҲ˵˫ҵҲûһվģ˫ӴʲôӷԼԱǧըĻǻԪ磬군Ȼ˫ӴĲǵһ㣬飬Ǿôܽǧ򣬴Լԣ˫Ӵڹ۲죬۲ԼζģܲðսԼѹƸɣԼʱ򣬶ȴҲǶԼôǧ
һ˫Ӵۣһۣ֣ҪֵסǻǴ´ģҲ˫Ӵ۲ĵԭ
ӷûȥ˫ӴһۣȻѾ֪ʲôˣȻҲ֪˫Ӵһ仰˵Ҳ˫ҵ˶֣Щվ̽Լġ
Ȼʱ˫Ӵ۵ƣԼˣԳӷѹƣҲһ룬ӷԸо˫Ӵڵѹ˵ԼԶˣֻڴǧ򣬳ӷ绹޷õģҲֻʹĴǧסˡ
뿴Լɱˣˣȫǵˣôӷ绹
˫ӴҶģȻˣҾͶø㿴뿴ʲôʲô취ʲôֶΣܽҵ
ΧӷѾĳӷƶ˿̣ӷҲѾֹâֹâֱӾͽӷǿޱȵ˫ӳǣ֮ͬǰɱ˫ӳһģӷ罫ضܶ˵ġ
ЩΧӷļһڳӷֵǿĹâÿһ˵۾ǿ̵ĺȴѾ֪ǰʲô
ҿˣ֮ǰѾù֮ɱ˺öˡ
˵ӷ粻ܶ𣬲˵Ѿ˫Ӵ۸ѹס
ã
ѵ˫Ӵ۹⽫ԳӷѹƸˣ˫Ӵ۵ʲôǶЩЩķ˫Ӵ۵ʲôɻ䡣
˻еģȻѾ뵽ӷܶǸ˫ӴйأǴ˿̲ҲѾҪˡֻϧʱҪˣڳӷ綯ʱҪˣȫܵġ
ôǿߣǿ˫Ӵ۵̶ֳȣһ֮ͬ£ֻ·һ
ӷ˫һеʥҲٴλȫչ˳Χڳӷ㣬ͣת
˫ӴۼӷѾ˫۾ڳӷһҲգһ£Ҫγӷ綯Ļᣬҳӷοκζģֻ˫Ӵ۲лὫӳӷ
ʵ˫ӴҲǵһμӷ綯ˣֻǰ˫ӴȫûȥģֻҪӷһ˫ӴҲضȫȫ֮£ȥģɾ·һģ
˫Ӵռ˾ԵƣӷѾôվӷΪѣӷƢ죬Ⲣӷͻ⣬׸ġ
˫Ӵۣ㲻뿴ǽ죬Ҿ㿴֪ʲô
˫Ӵ۴˿̵ϻǴЦģӷ֪Լʲô˫Ӵ˵ȫûӰġ
ڽһ̣˫Ӵ۾ȫɵˣΪڵ˫ӴǰδģҲ˵ڵȻת̬һ̬չ˫Ӵ۸˵ǰ


3023 ӡ⣬
͹Ƿţд֣ӷûǡϵ˵ǷȻ֮ǰûʱȥ⣬һ·˫ӴѺ⵽˫ӳӷ˺ܶ࣬ģ˵ıô򵥣ӷ绹һȥһ¡
νħޣָģһػޣػޱϾֻˣǿħޣҲδؾڵ֮ϰɡйʹ÷ǾͲһˣʹõķͬȻҲͬģ˵ħޣػޣֻһһ룬߼һ𣬲ǳдֵڡȥʹػޣҲͲҪȥģֻҪ֪ȥʹãػȻ֣
ڣǳӷʹȥʹػ޵ʱҲ˵һֳԣԼǳԵ֮£˫ӴҪȫʹõķ͸Ӳˣٳӷλᣬ˫ӴۣеĵˣʶһĲ֮ͬ
ӷڻ֮Χųӷ粻ͣתţ漴Բ񷶦Ϊףٵƶ˳ӷϷγһֱߣ񷶦棬ڶǻĹŻ磬ʥ޼߲ʽĹԼǰѭһֱߺ󣬳ӷ̽ǧĻ˳Ҳ˵ڸûڵӷ˿ıˣӷԴǧĻסںϽ֮ڣʹһǰδеĹ·ȫΪһ㡣
񷶦ȷһ˵Ķţ񷶦ת˹ڣӷҲӲ񷶦ܵʲôѶϢ㣬˫̴һӡӡ
û֪ӷ絽ڸʲôȻѾˣΪʲôֱӶϷ㣬˷ӡѵʲôıֶΣԴɡ
˫Ӵķħ˵ˣӷǳƻڻ᲻ʲôóǿɲܲѽ
˫ӴЦһһЦʮֵ赭дħĵķ˵ۼһۣӷܶôǧҲӵ˵ġħڵʲôǲЩӷˣ
ħɫһ䣬ʮֲ԰ף˵ˣ²¡ֻǵġ
۶ģĵľɡ۵뿴ӷ绹ʲôǽеֶȫʩչ۾иĽǧˡ
Ȼ˫Ӵ۶ģһ³ӷ粻þһеֶΣǷħȻǲٶ˵ʲôˣվ˫Ӵ۵󣬵ųӷС
ͬʱڳӷϷǵתĲ񷶦ųӷһ£һĻ棬Ӳ񷶦ð˳ǲĵһеĻ档ڣȴȼ֮ϣʹʼܵǿĹ˵ǿв㣬ÿһϣĳֳһͼڡ
ӷ˫ĺܴ󣬽ᷢʲô£ӷ綼֪˫ӴǱߣ͸Ӳգһ۾ˣҲû뵽ϣȻͼڳ֡
ʲô
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ӷϳͼڣķӴڼӵĻ֮󣬳ӷһʱ䷢֣ڲ񷶦֮µϣЩͼڣȻγһ֡
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ӷı񣬶Ѿ˵ĳԾ˫ӴۣڳˣҲ۾ķǳ󣬴ӼҪˡ
⣡
ӷֳԾ˵һ⡱֣˫Ӵ漴˵⣡
ûֵͼڣͼγɵһ֣һ⡱֣
ǵǷӡ
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˫Ӵ۸ۣ˵֣Ȼ֣ȴúܶ˵ı󣬶ð亹̫£ͬԨĶħ
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Ϊʲôѻ˵Ҫ֪۲ȫ˽ĻͲܽǧӳӷ
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ۻ䣬ӷǱȴٴδ˷ӡĸӵǿ񷶦֮µϵġ⡱ʧڡ⡱ʧͬʱӷ·оһεεȻԼڵģһͼԼڵһ
ۡ
ӷһѪ˳ϳһĺڹ⣬ֺڹ⻹Ǵӳӷڷġ
ͬʱ˫Ӵ۵ҲǸӷһȫ˵棬˫ҳԱ棬ۡһҲһѪҲ˺ڹ⣬ҲǴڷġ
ǱۣɳγɵĶħ̬ʱ¡һױ߽ˣڱ߽֮ǰֹ
˫ӴʱʶȻ֪ӡĵʲôһ縴ԣǾ۵ĴԼҲѾȫܵˣ
ӷ磬ס֡


3024 䣡
û֪ڵ׷ʲô£Ϊ˳ӷ˫ӴѪɳ߽֮⣬˫ӳǵˣûܵ˿˺ҲͽӷۣǱǿ߰㣬һ㷴ضûУ
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˫˫ӻҵ˫Ӵ³ѪΪǳӷɵģɵӷҲ³Ѫ˫˫ӻҵȫ֪Ǻá
ۡ

˫ӴֹסЩҪǰԼˣԼڵκϾ˫Ӵۻ֪׷ʲô£ԼҲûѻ˵ֻ֪Լڵӷһģȫķӡɵġ
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ͻأ񷶦ڵϣһıըҲʮÿһϣʲôҪƵģǸ⡱Ѿȫʧֻ񷶦Ķ֮ڣһֻ޵ͷѾ¶˳޵ͷʲôǣסƵģʹ޷ֱӾʹӲ񷶦ڳ
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УѾһĲʹ⣬Щʹ⣬ͬһ籩ϯأǻԪ磬ȫ˲ʹ֮£Ǵδģ٣ֽ񻹻ŵĻԪˣǴδġ
û֪ڵǸʲôҲû֪׷ʲô£Ψһܿ϶һǣгֵĲʹ⣬סԪĲʹ⣬һǸӷйصġ
ӷ̧ͷֵĹͷһۣͿޣģʮֵȣҲǳʹ࣬дδйʹԼʹ
ħޣػޣػ𣿡
ӷ˫Ѿϵȥ࣬Ҳը˿ƵģΪһ⣬ֱӴӳӷǳγһһ
евʹ⣬Ѿȫ˫ӳ߾ۼ˹һΪһʹ⣬˵˵Ũһʹ⣬ʹ⣬ڱš
ʱ˿̣֮䣬·һеʱ䣬һеĿռ䣬ȫֹͣ˫ӳڣɳѾֹͣΨӷ˫Ӵˣ֪һУҲֻܶһУȫֹͣסˣ


3025 ֣
һֹͣʱ綼ǰģԳ⣬綼ǰġ飬Ѿóˣһ˴ı״ţ˵ȷһ״ȻǱ֪ӡһ⣬۵֮գǱۣ˵ǰʮεۣ£
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ӣ۶ԣǴģһۣڶֱܻۣҲһԤ֮һְŵģ治֪Ǽһﵽ׻һôĴڣνһУҲܻһе񻰹ĳƺ˵ĻǸˣĴڣһУһС
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˿̵˫Ӵۣ磬еĿռ䣬ѾֹͣȲǰǻԪɣ磬ǧ磬Ҳˡ˫ӴѾǴǧˣȫоڴǧ֮γɵĽλ֮⣬磬Ľλ˫Ӵ۶ܸоĵһеһУȫѾֹͣ
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ǧһֱߴÿһУѾðһ޵ͷӷ֪һػˣҲǳ۸˵ģħޡ
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ٸһס㱾õǧ򣬿ȫܸǰһġ֮ǰӳ˫ӳǵʱôõھͿôãȴУһĻԼȫ󲻵Ʋ˵ľ棬ڻ𲻵ˣӷ磬ۼҪģûôҪġ
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ػ޵˫ӴȫֵסģоԵɱ۵ֻػѽǲӵӵŴǧԴԴϵģӷǰ㣬Ҳ˵Ҫػ޽˵ۣ㽫еȫ첻
˵ҪǸӡ֮ڣҲ֪ӡǵķѽ
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ӷ粻˵ԼҲǱԼĸ׸ѽǳһˣǵǷԼĻӷɲ˵˵񲻱˫Ӵ۸ЦǶӿӵӷȴ˵Ӷˣ
˫Ӵʵû취ճӷ˵ҳӡػ޵ķǾֻǵˡ
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ô죿
Ͻѱ㸴۽гۣܱҪǿɡ
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˫Ӵɫһ䣬ӷҲǿЦһ˫Ӵ飬˵ȻҲˣѹǼһ֮ǰֳģǸƷѽ
ǰƷǳƷ֮û˿ãôԼŰɡˣ͸һͬھ


3026 ꣡
˫ӳڵѾˣҲ˫Ӵ˵£ûе߿ǰģһڴǧ֮ĽλǱߵ˲ܵκεӰ죬Ϊӷոյ־ܣ̸ϼ壬ʮ˸չȥ磬ôܷصģ벻ӷ߻ᷢ顣
ڳۣ˫ӳ飬Ͼǳۼɵģǳ۵ǷţӷҲɣԣ۾͸ӲܹæˡҲĴҲ˵ʲô˭֪ء
Ȼ²Ǿԣܶ飬ܻڲ䷢ı䣬۶˫Ӵ۸ˣǸ©ĳ֣Ҳ´ǧ֮У֮У˱ǧҪǿıô飬ҲǼпܻᷢġ
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˫Ӵ۾͸֮ǰĳӷһ˱˻ȥ

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˫Ӵֱӱ˳ӷߣӷһȹڵϣȫ£ϵƣȴûгӷôء
ñе֮壬Ҫùˡ
˵һնûе飬װʲôú
аѽ
˫Ӵۺǲмԣ˶ûգۣػ޵ļһ۶ûˡ
ӣ˫ӴסˡһȻȥɣǱ߷ᰲȫһ㡣
ӷ磬ΪصͰȫֻޣԾǳģܵʲôطǶŹġ㻹ʵʵ취ģͱҪ
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˫Ӵŭѽгţػȥ磬ҲҪȹһءɱأǵһģ
˫ӴǿнӷסҲҪӷں棬һ
λۣҪҪæأ


3027 㣡
˵һϵȥɽۣ֮Ȼͳһˣ˻ɽ֮۴˵˵ȫɣ磬Ϊ֮𾪣
ڵҲһģҲ˵ĵط磬Ľλ˫ӳ˵ӷ˫Ӵ֮⣬еһȫѾֹͣ˻ޣ˿̶κεĶ˵κεĻȴ£Ȼ˵ߵǳӷ˫Ӵͷ·磬ˡ
ѵ˵Ǳ𣿲Բܣ˫Ӵ۶ѾĬϣǱ˫Ӵ۽ֻǸƷˣķӡճֵʱʧˣ˵ڳֵģܻǱۡ
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ػޣѾȫڳ˳ͬʱӷ˫ӴۣԭΨһܽػ޼ӡۣȴתԼ󣬸ղ˵֮ˡ
ǰֵģһɣһƽʮɣһĴ磬ȫһԵѧһǴѧֻǸѧˡ
ӷ˫ۣϲͣĴţԾͬʱȴǰεı־ⲻòóӷǾϼӾ˫۾ȫûдα־ƿ
˫ӴҲ㶵Ŀǰ꣬ţʲôˣȻʱ˵֮⣬ѵϣиʵƥе𣿾УҲֻһ۰ˣǳӷ磬ʵҲѽ̵ģҲֻǧǧȫܳӷĿƣҲ˵ӷڣֻǿ۵ݣܻġ
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黹û꣬ػȫ֮ں˫֣ͻȻһӡַӡȴóӷٴγԾǷǳĳԾΪǳӷķӡ
ӡ⡣
ʲôʣ棬磬ǧЦ꣬ô˳ӷķӡҲ̫˵ɣ
ķӡȷǴˣϣͬʱһͼڣЩͼڣ𽥵γһ⡱֣͸֮ǰϵġ⡱һġ
Ҳʱʧǧ֮ںϣҲʼжϣǧ𽥵Ļص˳ӷڣҲĳӷƶ
ʱռֹͣػޱӡ֮𽥵ʧֻû֮ʧˣĻָС
վԭأתųӷ磬˵飬ûоԵİ֮ǰòҪˡ
˵꣬ҪȥˣҲѾ
ӷӰһǰ·Χڳӷתţǰôģڻôӷǧˡ
˫Ӵվ棬˫Ķ꣬ҪϿʲô
㵽ʲôˣӷʵ
һЦЦݺ⣬ӷɭЦʮԵĶԱȡ
ǰα־귴ʵӦò᲻ʶɣ
α־ӷȷʶʶһǳϤ
ҳҵ־
ûǰα־ǴųԶɽ־ֵǣԶɽҵı־ΪʲôǰһǼ·ϵģ
ȻʶǺαضأĿǰֻһͰˣ鴦ˣҲûؼˡ
ͣȴֻĿǰĹͣʲô˼
ңڵ磿
ǵġ磬Ĺǡ
ǣʲôʱһ˵ӷôһ㶼֪ѵǽֵ𣿿ͣҲʮ꣬ʱĻڳӷһ뿪ʱӦøողų
־ҵı־ӷʵǳҵˣ
ʵеЦˣҵˣӷ粻ʶѵⲻЦ
ܸӣҲûʱ˵ˡΨһܸǣҵȷǳҵˣҸףǰġ
㸸ף㸸˭
˼Ҫˣٲߣͻزȥˡ


3028 аʣ
ҵˣһ仰ܽػ޸лȥղſػ޵ӣĻǰǹɣһ˳ӷķӡ赭дľͽػ޸ӡ˻ȥ
꣬ӷȴûЦǿˡһӷûĳҳԱ˵Ƿ֮ӷģʵǿͭΪʵ绹ԣⰢǻԪ磬ȫͲѽ
һ꣬ͻȻ֣Ȳݣӡػ޵ǵɣȫƵġ
ӷ൱ƣ˿ǶˣԼΪˣǧΪһ壬޷ػκεӰ죬˵ˡһ仰һжж⣬һжǴδƵģⲻòóӷơ
ͬģ˫ӴҲܣܵĲΪΪղŵĻĳҵˣҲ˵ǳӷˣǳӷ粻ʶҲܴģңʵڣûȫڳӷԪлڣ۾͸˵ˣǳԶɽ߳۸ŵһƣ˫Ӵ۾ͽһǿУһʵߣȴһ仰ӡػ޵ǿߡ
УԲˣһߣھǷŻɽġ
ʱռ䣬Ѿ𽥻ָǧҲѾص˳ӷڣ˫ӳǵˣȫֹͣ˹һӦģ˫ӻҵ
ղŷʲô£
ػ޳ˣΪûչκεĹ˫ӳǻǸǰһûܵκεƻָֹͣо˻֪ģֻǲ֪ղŵ׷ʲô£·ԼУôһСʱʧģ
ۣղš
ϻС¡
˫ӴۼԼȫѾ˹ȫǵҲڽѵУʱ˫ӴҲûȥܳӷ磬ųӷҲ·˵ģɵȥǧ򣬱ٷ֮ǰ顣ԣ˫Ӵڿ޼ɵȽ¡
˫ӻҵһûӦǻΪ˫ӴҪµǳӷ磬ȫӷΧ˹ȥ
𣿱Ҫõģһ
˫Ӵ۳ڵλһָڻûļȥѾ˫ӴǿƸѹסˡ
ղзӡػ޵˫Ӵ۵֮£һ㷴ضûС
˫ӴۣǹӲѽ
꿴˫Ӵۣһ̫ǸˣԼհȹһ٣ɷԼ֡
Ȼǳҵˣ˵˵ۻŹ¡
ǣۡ
˫ӻҵûȥⲻ֪ʲôʱðʲôˣȻ˫ӴѾҪϽµġ
ӷӰһǰ˵ߣｻˡ
Ҳûа̵ԥֵʮֹϣ˵ԼСһ㡣Ժһġ
¶һŹֵı飬ӷȴûȥ⡣
۵ĵ̣˵˵߾ߵġʲôӷ罻ۣǽС¡
˫ӴʱԳֱ֣Ӿ͸ӷԹˣ˫һӷڲǧ֮£Ȼܻ˫Ӵ۵Ķ֣Ҳ޷
ЩһɺѽղŲҵĻˣھȻҵȥ·Ҹ˵һ㶼ûԵ˵ʴȣǶԼĲ̣ҸղžӦȽȫɱġ
̾˿˵飬ǹϣ˵ɱⷽ棬ԥˡ
ӷ˫Ӵ۵ͬʱòһۣԳӷĹ۲죬꣬ʹûɱ˵ģԣɱô־壬׶κɱ֡
˼ˣԼҵˣȻûɱˣηɱˣгͱضж̴ѽԷӡػޣ԰ΧҪˣҶɱֵġ
ӷ֪˫Ӵ۵Ķ֣Ȼ˫Ӵ۾ȥİΧ֮У˵ʲôʲôֶΣʹ
ҿɲɱ˵ġ
ɱˣҪɱȰֵӣɱˣǱɱ㣬ԼŰɡҪΪһܻ㣬Ȼ˵ҳҵˣǾóֶγ˶ɱģΪ
ȷһžۣںģǵˡ˵˶ɱĻƾʲô˭Լǳҵˡ
ԶɽǸôˣһôˣһôˡӷһôˣɱ˶գ۵ģ͸˵ǳˣԼĵϵﶼܳԵģĴڣǳҵ
㲻ɱˣȲ˵᲻ᱻɱ٣ûʸΪҵһԱϵ͸̸ˡҲĸ˭㵽Ǵʲôطðģ˵Լǳҵˣ֤ҿɡ
ӷ˫¶׹⣬ʱ֮䣬еȫ˳еʥһӣȻĺϻڣҲһ
ô£
˫Ӵ۵˫۴˿ͣĺϻϣΪʲôӷʥһӣĺϻӣ
ӷҲû뵽ģԼеʥԣĺϻӣһֹóӷһʱ䶼еУоĺϻУǷװԼʥͬı
Ǳ治ɱ˵ġ
˵߿ϵֱʱѾ쵽ˣȥĻԼɾزȥˡ
СӣȻǸӷһģǾͱˡ֮ǰô˸ˣܲһ˶סɡ
˫ҲѾ˹£ǳǧŰΧ
˿̳׼ˣʱʵǲˣԼ·Լǻزȥˡ
ðɣǱҵġٲߣ鷳ʹˡ
ĺϻ˳ǰʵٸһλᡣóһ·ߡ򣬾ͱҵˣ
飿
˭仰ٶȷӦǾڵһʱܹĵһֹ
ֻϧ˿̣û˽Ͼʵ̫ףڳὫģҲԭʼЩˡ
Сӣǵ뿴ô鷨ɣǼʶһʵ

ݺһҧѾǰĺϻӣǼһѺۣѺУɢһ⡣
ৡ
һǿҵĽ˫ӳڻصţʩչֶΣóӷһʱˣ
ʥ۰¡
ʲô
ʥ
۰£
⣬еǰѾ޴󳤽ɢһӻӳΧˣ̸оһǿޱȵҲնɱΧκһˡ
ꡭ¾
겢ûΪһжֹͣеǿ漴ͷ˵ڶУѪɣһֻɢ
ϲ
УѪ⣬ȫںһȫۼǰ
ʥ˳ҳаʣ


3029 ɱ¾
аʣаʣ
ţӷ绹û˵δŵġаʵƣʹõɱУرеıɣȷǳҵˡһ£ʥѽ
ӷڱŵ˵ͬʱ߿ųаеѲңѲңóӷ羪ȣ˫Ӵۣĳһ
ʥϼôгаʵСΪҪǣʥѽӷһѣаʵȻҲһѡǿǵĲңô֪аҲУ
ԣҲ̫ԾѽٵģһǼٵģӷ磬ģаʵѲңһǼٵģΪʥڳӷУӷʥǳ۵ģܻܲǼٵİɡǾڵģѾȥ磬ܲô죬ͽ˱˰ɣ
аչֳ꣬¾ʥӷеʥҲһģһҲȫһģûа٣
ô£⵽ôһ£
ȳӷʣ˫Ӵ۾Ϊ˫ӴҲѾоʥϼޱȣ˫Ӵ۶ģԲ棬ǼӵģҲֻǼٵ״Ǽٵģǲмٵġ
ӷڷƽΪӳаʵпʲôаʻ᲻Լ˵󣬳ûʲôֻ֮ͬϧӷûԼм壬Ҳǳ۵ļ׵ܵܣҷ׵ܵܣЩˣںܾ֮ǰѾѳԶɽˣǵŮҲѾóӷ㶨ˣܲǰɣǣԶɽһӣҲѽʱ򣬳ԶɽѾǻˣʲôصĵƣӦԿħʱѾѽûҪʱãԶɽҲԤ֪Ԥ֪Զɽˣػ𣿱˵ǳԶɽ˲ܣǳˣҲػѽ
˫Ӵڲ˿Ĵ⣬˵ڳаʻϼ֮˫Ӵ۸ӵĿ϶аʾǲģСǾһ޴ĺ󻼡
ɱ˭ʲôһдۣɱ
˫Ӵ£ƺҪɱӷӵ׺ӵżǴӲպ޾鷳㡣
ӷȻѾ϶˳аǳҵһǵϵȲ˭ĶӣҲΪʲôҲʥ٣˵ĴڣԼžԵİôġ

ӷһЦ˵˫ӴۣΪҳҵˣ˵ɱɱ˵𡣡
ӷ磬û£
ǾͿûñ۹ıˡ
𡭡

ӷ粻һҪסаʣ˫ӴۣȴһһеҪɱаʣӷ粻ٴζ˫Ӵ׼֮壬˫ռ
˫ռ
ӷΪ֮һ˫ӴۣȻҪʩչռǷˣô֮ǰûʩչ˫ռܣڣȻҪ˵ʲô˵˫Ӵ۶ԣаʶв֮
ȻǶвǾԽ
ӷЦаʡ
ӷһаֱӾͳ嵽˳ӷߣ֮κˣֵסʥ˫Ӵ۵һҲȥ
ڣ
һѾ֤аʵˣͬʱҲ֤ı֣ڳӷ֮£ڳӷ֮ϵģԲƳӷΪֻšɳӷ֮£ʲôֵĳҳԱأ
ӷҲȥô࣬ʵһʥиһ֮⣬ʲôֶΣ
ֶΣҲ̫˼
˵ʲôʵ֮⣬ûɱ˵ġټ򵥵˵սǿɷ񣿡
սǿ˵ǳӷר˳ӷ֮⣬ûսǿһҪսʤġ
죬̫࣬һǱǿġν㣬ҪסԼңҲǾԵģԣ㻹ҪԼҪԼ̵ģֻԼʵĵƣȥõκˡ
аʵ˵ͷ¶ЦݣЦݸԵĶԱȣΪаʣΪȴ˵⡣
ֻǷ鷳ģֻҪܶȹεΣ֮ͲҪκ˵ˡ鷳ѾˣΣҲѾȹˣ㣬޵дǧ磬ңҲھͻȥġֻϧʱѾˣѾزȥˣ
޵дǧزȥˣ
ӷȫа˵ЩʲôЩһ㶼Ҫ
ֻ֪ʲôʲôֶΣ
ɱˣҲ룬ȻѾزȥˣҪͱҪɱˡﲻңҳɳĵطҪȥǾͱҪӦɱ¾
˵ûҪģЩϻ
аЦݣѾ𽥵ת䣬ʮֹ죬ֹ죬˵գҲ˵ǶӲ˵ɱ¾֮ǳӷ˫ӴۣδһЦݡ
ȻҪɱ䣬Ǿʹ󿪰ɡزȥˣǳμ棬ܲʧɡ
˶٣а濴ųӷ磬˵ҵĻ˵һԣҪɱǣͬϣ
ҪɱǣͬϣаֱӾͽ˫Ӵ۵ˣϣǺεȵĲ񣡵Ļǳ˵
ã㣡ɱ¾ɡɱ֮뿪飬Ҫܣ


3030 
аʥǰںսѾȫչȫɱҲǿ𽥵ɢһͷɫз΢΢紵֮䣬һͷĺڷΪɫзҲڱ䳤ÿһ·ӵ㣬һ߰㣬֮˵ƣҲǳԵת䣬ʮֵа
ӷаԽԽԾˣҲСԵԽԽˡӵŸԼһʥиһʩչ۰£ڣһͷִʲôǳ׷ǧѽ̵İ׷ǧ̣û뵽аʾȻҲᡣ
ɳӷڲȥѯʲôȻа˵ǳҵˣӷаʻԼľϲɡ
׷ǧ̡衣
ৡ
аʵͬһ֮߰䣬ȫ˷˹ȥڳаʵĿ֮£ֱӴΧЩţٶ֮죬ѸڶͲЩΧӦѾʮˣΪܲסŵʹڵħޣʮʬ嵹˵ϡ
գ֮飬˫Ӵû뵽һͭСӣȻô̵ʱڣɱԼʮˣ˫Ӵ۸벻
ֻڳаʵ󣬳һֻɫĴǰɫĴΪ壬ȴ߱ǿޱȵĳ֣аʵΪħΪȻ漣ӽͭٵĽ˽Ȼǽƽ𣬽ʯʹڡ󣬳аʵľ磬ֱӿԽһ׶Σﾳ磡
ӽףֱӾԾ컯ףȲﾳӵŶʵ͵аٶ˵Ѿκ˶ĵģǳӷ磬ǿ˫Ӵۣ˵ÿһεۣ첻аѽСӿаˣô쵽ģ
νΪаʵٶȣȫ֤һĴڣȻĴڣһУӷˣһ·ϡ˭֪аʣҲһ·ɳģȻŽʮ꣬ȴڲͬ
󣬰󣬰ϲûףȴһɺüֱʯ͵̺ӣóӷ뵽ʲôְ󣬺̩ݵ񣡡
̩һңλڶһң뻪ĲԶ˵ǻĵǸҵ˳ݴ󣬲ԴΪݵһż飬ƽֻаֵİȻ̩ݵʮƣȴаģ
žžž
ʱûȳӷ룬ͻȻڳаʵϣȻһСͱըһȫڳаϵҪѨλը˿Ϊаʵµģǳаʱ޷ӵеϵѨϳ˿
аȴһҲģһʹ۵ĸоûУֻҲʱʼֻһֻߣȻֻʮֻϰֻİȫۼ˳аʵ󣬷·γһƬֻӵŰĿռ䣬Ƶġ
ƶ
аʴһȫ£еѨλϣȫС͵ıըֱըȫͿԶȡһ˵ֻǳаȴһ¶ûУ˫ۣΧɨһ£ͷջأһʥһİҲʱȫ궯ЩȫӵǿЩȫ˳аʵڡ
аʽ˫еһɣڳаʵߣڿŵģΧųаʿٵת
ͬʱаʵ˫֮Уٳһ⣬ڳаʵ˫У𽥵γһɫľ壬ɫɣһԽһ׳Բ壬ţԲϣǼɫԲ㿪ʼѿѿĲγһƬƬɫ岣аɫ壬ҲǰѱȴԵʮֵĹ죬ڹ֮Уȴһ޷ݵ
˫Ӵۣʶ񣿡
аʽеɫ峯˫ӴһָȻ˫Ӵϲʶ
˫Ӵ۵˫ۣĶڳаɫ֮ϣǶӣҪˣԾʼţǲţôСӵ⣬ԼһָѰҵı֮һ
аʼ˫ӴȾţΪ֮һЦһֱѰҵ±֮һá
±ǵ˵ģΪǸ©γɵȫǧҪǿȫ
аСôõȫģ˵ȫһ֣ȴһ֣Ѿ߱ǿԳӷĹ㣬аɫӵе߲ʽĹԼˣ
˫Ӵ۱ӷҪԾĶ࣬ԼѰôõĶھȻаСӵõһ֣ȻˣǾһҪɫ
̤ЬٴѽѰôöûҵ֮죬Ȼˣ


3031 رͨ
ûаɫ壬˫ӴħҵĶҲǸ©ֵ֮ȫô˫ӴɳѾұǧ磬ȴһûУǱߵ̽ӣҲ˫Ӵʮǰ̽ӣҲûҵ˫ӴҪĶѽ
û뵽̤еλûҵĶ죬ȻԼǰȻ֮һ˫ӴҪģң䵽˳֮˵ҳΪ˳֮˵ıҲ˵˫ӴڲҪӷǧ򣬳аɫ壬˫Ӵ˵Ҫ
ӷҲ֪ǼȫĴڵģ˫Ӵ۸аһ˵ӷףΪʲôаʵУȴ˵İˡղǷǰЩˣԣΪϣӣа̵ģҲȫһ֡
ȻԳаİ˵ȫûйϵģӦڳаʱһҲǼ򵥵Ĵڣȳаʳ˵õȫһ֮⣬ǰҲһһԣаȫ߶ǰ߽һʹĳаκεΣ֮£ڲ֮أǰĳӷ磬Ҳе
ͳͳ¡
˫Ӵ֪Ȼаȫһ֣ԼЩˣ;ԲǳаʵĶ֣Ϊ˲Сˣ˫ӴֻԳ֣аʸ¡
ӷ˫Ӵ۵óѣԼ֮ǰѾͶˣ˵ԼĿģԼҲ˶˫ӴܰɣҲ̫ûˡ
аǰɣڱôˣЩҲס㡣뿪˵أȥĺĴ½
˷ȱٵģǿߣһ̵ǿߡȻаǳҵˣȥˣòˡСӵǰȫһ˵٣˫Ӵ۶緽棬ֻһݵļɻ䣬ңаеȫһ֣Ҳᱻ˫Ӵġ
˵ʲôʲôɱȥ
аʲӷˣӷ˵ڣ̾հ죬һҲ
ܣ𣿡
˫ӴҪ³аʣӷȴ˫Ӵ۸ֵ˵Ķң˶ֵĻҲٳһػ޵
ӷ磬ԼҲġڵ㣬Ͳֻܿޡ˵ˣǾ˿϶СӾǳҵǳҵˣôܻ᲻ʶѵûΪʲôͻȻΪʲôøһʥһΪҪǣܷӡۣ֮첻ѽ
˫Ӵ˵Ҳӷ粻ûаʿܻƵйϵҲֻĽͣ˵Ϊʲôܷӡػޡһ룬ˣߣŻḴƳõһи߳ӷ磬óӷȥ鷳µģȻѾóӷȥˣͲɳ˰ɡаʻ۵ɱУѵЩ֤аǳҵ
Ȳܳа˭Ķӣڣӷ粻˫Ӵ۶аһ£պлᣬʳԶɽ۰ɣһ֪Щʲôģ
˫ӴۣѵûղŽʲô𣿼ȻΪҳҵˡҳҵˣ˭Ҷ
ӷ罫ǰһᣬ˿˫ӴȫͲǰһˣӷ˵ĳĵģһٽķӡ˫ӴۿɳԲ
ԶɽҲʱһ·ſڷȥ˫Ӵ۵ȫ˳ſڣаеɫ壬ͻȻ֮䱬һǿޱȵֻڳſڵڱһǿҵס֮ȫȻʼеϰˣе°ˣȴûȫһ壬һ壬ЩһܵǰδõʹЩϰϵȫҽ죬ͬɱ㡣
ȫҹ
¡һ˫ӳǵĶǽγɵһֱӸƵһ롣
˫ӳж󣬳ǽֶǿ֪ģȴһ⣬͸Ƶһ룬ЩҪȫסˣ˵ӦģٹȥǾ
˭ҹ٣ɱ١
ʲôЦɱˣɱһֻɱһ룬һ룬ֶΣû˸ٿһˡ
𿴳аûɱʱһ⣬ɱһǾײޱȣرűûеıȫһ֣ǰ˫Ӵ۱ӷǣסˣ˫ӳڣ˭ܸаƥеģ
аڿ˫ӳ⣬תԳǣס˫Ӵ۵ĳӷ纰֤ˣҾһ
ӷǵ˵ͷϣµľƣΪСӵĳıɡ
˫Ӵۣ׷ˣСӱʵ䲻ߣٶȴľˡ׷ģ㱻׷ˣҲһҿ㻹ȿһ£ôҰɡ
˫Ӵ۴ЦһΪӵĳ۵ˣϸ۷һͨͨڿʼǻԪ磬ʱ룬κˣýҲó۵뿴Сӣôȥ磡


3032 ʼƣ
鷳ˣӷ绹û뵽˫Ӵ۾ȻԹرǻԪ֮ͨԭΪǻԪͨڰǻԪ֮ԶγɵģڿȫͲڰǻԪͨ˫Ӵģӷ粻ף˫ӴҪͨڣһͨѾ㹻ѽαҪôͨأԼʱ˫Ӵ۶֪Լһͨⲻ˫ӴڸԼ鷳
ԣ
ӷڿٵתţ˫Ӵ۾ԲһЩԼ鷳飬鷳ҲԲ˫ӴԤϵģǸֲͬϵɵġӣ˫Ӵͳôͨһԭġ
ͨͨ磬ҲԴ밢ǻԪ磬ô磬λأ
ӷȻСĵȥ֤ȴܴ󵨵ȥԳӷ룬ЩͨӦòͨİɣӦûͨĵط磬Ľλ˵ǿͨǧκһ磬κһλġ
ûֻĽͣ˵˫ӴΪʲôҪôͨԭѾ׼˺֣ǧʱѾ׼һ·ֻҪʱЩͨ𵽾Եˡ
ȻҲ˵ֻҪһͨͨʲôطͨʲôطģĻӷǻԪ磬ܲÿεôˣûܵȥɡеͨӱϿǻԪ绥ͨģӦֻ˫ӴһˣֻҪһرķ˵֮ķͿԴκһͨͨκһˡͬһǧ֮еκһ磬κһλҲּܵķʱ˫Ӵ۵ǲǻԪ磡
뵽Щӷ粻ɵһͷ󣬾󣬶ð亹
ļһҪҼʱ뵽Щ򣬵ʱܱ˫Ӵɱֲѽ˫սʱ򣬳ӷߵȻȫһϣǾ˫Ӵ㣬ȥ磬ĽλءҲ˫ӴҪЧڳӷȫڵʱ򣬴ǧе磬нλͬһʱɱӷû˿׼Ȼᱻǧǿߣ֮ģ
ӷ뵽˺Żͷ󣬲Żð亹ΣҲȻѾ뵽˫Ӵ۸ôͨĿģǳӷֻ֮£ӷ绹ȥ̫࣬Ҳܷȥǳаˡ
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˫Ӵƽӷѹס۷ּȫԪ磬ͨаʡ
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ӷ磬㲻Ҫ⡣Сܲˡڱ۵ĵϣҪǾԲܵġ
˫Ӵ۵ĵ̣Ȼ˵㡣ʵǻɣֵµЩˣûץ
ѽаʸղչֳʵ˵ǡչֳ˫ӴģǿӷƥеıŷǻԪ磬˫Ӵ֮⣬ܵеĹǼˣҲָģΨָǵȴڣ˵ħʦаλǰĴڣֵܵסɡ
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ӷȻһ㶼ģ˵ʵǳаʵϸӷ粻֪ȴԼоаӦԼˣԲǵˣ
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ҲҪ˫Ӵ۴·ӷ˫Ӵ۲У˫ȥΪ֮ǰ飬аʵĳ֣ʱ䣬ռֹͣǶβ֪˫ӳǵ˿̶ȥӷģû˾ȻҸ˫Ӵ۲Уһ˫Ӵ۵Ľ
˫ǰۼŴҲ˫Ӵ۵ͱ֮˵˫Ӵ۵Ĵһ㶼ＯϵġȻЩ˫Ӵ۵ĵ֮⡣
ӷ磬㿴۵ӣĳΣȻָģҲʵϾ㣬ĳ۵˫Ӵ̫Զˡ
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ӷ簵һЦֻҪ˫Ӵ۸ȥץȨҵĵˣһһ޵׵Ĵ󵨡˭֪һ̶ˮһ룬ҪˡͬģֻҪεĴڣͱضеɵĳֻ֣Ҫеɵĳ֣ͻԱķ磬֮齨γһڰеӷܽõģ㣬Ƶĺãչĺãƻ˫ĸ
˫Ӵѽ˫ӴۣҵģֻҪץΣ͵˫ˮ㣬ڱ߻һ͢ԣ


3033 аȻ
аʱһ·׷ʮֱӾ½ı߾˵ǻԪ綼˫Ӵ۵ͳϽɱϾԪеĴ½̫࣬ϰٴ½Ϊ˸õĹ½Ϊ׵Ĵ½֮⣬Ĵ½һֹܵͳߣЩͳߣҲȫ˫ӴѡģǿǰԵĴ½ϣҲָǿ
аı߾֮⣬һΪȻ½ĵط־֪Ȼ½½ȫͬĴڣ½ɳĮ֮У½һƬĮȻ½һ˼ɾַ·磬ԽĴڣ͸¶žԵΣա
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аʿɲûĿĵܣǧǿ׷ɱܵĻǾֻܴԭأˡаšܲپɱٰɣаҲǳԲѽԣаʱҪܣӳ˫ӴЩ߷Χ֮ڣ㡣
Ȼ½ǳаõĿĵأΪа֪һԼƬ½׷ǲ̤ģҲΪȫǣܲҪģΪ˽Լץȥɡ
еͨѾرˣа޷ȥ磬ⰢǻԪУ͵˫Ӵ۵ȻȽϴ󣬿ֻҪû˫Ӵ۵Ȼ취ģֻҪȥ취͵ڸ˳аʱ䣡
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ѾָķΧѾûˣҲ˵ǱյķλҲʧˣҸ﷽泹жϵ硣
а̾˿˵ʱĸǧҪעʱص㣬һʱָĵص㣬ǾԶܻȥˡҲ˵ڵңǸڻ˿ѽߣȫû˵ĴڣȴʵʵһԭûҵʱʱУ֪˵Ľ֣ȴΨ֪ԼĽ֡ѽаѽаʣ˵ûأºˣԭˣûһʶģܸǣʨһ֮£֮ϣʨӻң̫үʱʲôǣ
аԽԽʧ䣬Լ˽ΣԼֽôĽ֣Լ֪˵Ľ֣Լأ̫㯣ֻᷢʲôأ
Ȼ׷ûȥɳаȴ޴ȥ֪ӷǱ߽ҪչʷʱƪԼҲֻǸɵţڹȥǰﲻ˳ӷ磬ΪԼеġᱻ˫Ӵ۲ͣ׷ɱȫûǸҪ
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аȥֱӳȻ½ķȥˣȫͲ֪½ǱǷ飬Ϊûõ˫Ӵ۵ûӵ˫Ӵ۵֮ǰκδ½ȥ½飬Ӳġ˵аȻ½ʱǰȫģ˫ӴȻ½ͳץ֮ǰǰȫġ
ֻǳаʲ֪Լɱ˫ӳʱ˫Ӵ۾Ѿ´ͨԼֻϵеĴ½ֻ½Ǳȿʼ֮ͨŻĴĴ½ȥ
һƬ԰ǰһ峺ĺаһ·룬ȻԼʱһҪʲôУȻǰ
ιСӣվסһҴġȥٽһɱۣ


3034 һ
аȻֹͣ˽Ųת֪ʱֵͯͯŮ϶źɫĶǶɢǿҶִ̱ǵҩζҩζ³аϢ̫ˣȫһַõĶҩζ˵ֶҩζԵκֲģΧЩϵһȴڶҩɢԵĸӵû˿ήļ
аʵ˫ͯͯŮϴţҲǷɿĻţԼѧЩʷڰǻԪʷ
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аȻһһ֮࣬ͯͯŮǱȳаʸӵĳԾͯŮ˵磬ˣΪʲôСһ¶ûУ
ͯ˵ѽôأǵĶȻ޷κε˺ƳĶѽﾳǿߣҲǵֵסġСӿȥֻн׶εʵôأ
ͯе˫ҲڳаʵϴţȫͲţǰⴳԼһļһȻĶһ㶼ܵӰ죬Լϵ¶Ҳ޷˿˺
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Сӣеʶ㻹ûȫһǿԷȥġڣƳ¶Ȼûκεã˵Ƶ¶ǴģԣǱҪץȥ㵱ҩнһĶơ
аѽԼôùɣԭΪ˫ӴǱߵħƣû뵽գ֮䣬ֵѨһԼûǴĻȻ½ĵһңĵҲȻ½һĶҩʦֶҩʦħְҵɲͬƾģǶҩԶɱˣͬҲԶˡֻһɲǸʲôʷأǸԵСˣƣƳĶҩȫΪ̳еģҲ˵һĶҩǴӵ¯ģǴġ
ҪҩƾʲôȻҪȽƶҩӣȫ֮ڣƵǶ棬ǶͻڲƵǶݣͻƤϣ֮һеĶȫǴġ
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ҳôĸ׾ʹδһۣҸճĸ׶֪ҳʲôӡһУһɵġ
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ȻҲ֪ʱĽô٣ĸ׵˫ۡҲԱǳɱı緢
ͯмаʵðǿҵɱ˼˵Сӣʲô

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ʲôôĵӣȻҴһһ⼸˵ġȸϷסϷȡԸǡ


3035 һһ⣡
аŽ֣Űߣֻδܾ֮ȴδʱˣѵ˵ҲǸ©ɵԭ˫ӴһȫĲλҲаȴƫƫʱδһ˵һλͿĲλˣ
ڵĳаûôֻ࣬ȻԼѾزȥˣǾͱҪʱ飬һЩͿԱı緢
ʷأ֮󣬳ӷ˫Ӵ۵ľսĻǳɱǸ˾޴Ĵ̵˫ۣ޷ԣаʽȻ½һҪ֮ǳɱ̣Լĸ˫۵׸
ȻаδʱʷѧĲ̫ã˵ѧҵ棬׳ӷǼֱ֮ġĳӷǾԵ״Ԫ˳аȴһƿƶҵѧûһŹǼģ˸Ůϵ֮⣬£Ҳ³аڣڽ飬Ҳֻһ֪⣬ֻǶԳӷߵˣĽȽˣǻΪʷĹϵΪаʴС̫˸˵ЩˣĶˣȻ֪ˣ
ڣһɱǶʷʵ̫𾪣˵ǳ˳ӷս˫Ӵ֮⣬ʷ𾪵һսˣԣаҲ֪Ǹһı£ʵߣеֻǶ˵ħаʲýǰ֮ȫԽһɱֻһĶʵ̫̬˵ǷʤģһСģͻУһУǾ·һ
֮ǰͯͯŮĶԳаûκε˺ҲΪǶ⣬ǳаʵʣȷڲͬġδʱ򣬳ӷΪʲôСȡаʣΪ̱Ϲ˫֮ڣڻŶأһþ޷ǳӷĸŮ˵УеģĽФ֮ǰӷһŮҲ˵δĳӷ磬ŮһӣаʣСĶӣҲ̫ү
Ϊ̵ʱڻŶأӷϵ̰̥ǱסˣĺӣҲǳаʣʾͬ˵̻аʵʱ򣬳аʾһ̥֮ڣϳӷ籾ӵΪаóаڳ֮ھǱΪаϰٶ֮壬κεĶڳа˵޷κ˺෴аʵԣаʲŸ޼ɵ򣬷ǻԪ磬˫ӴָۣǵĴڣ˭ֱȥɱһġ
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а̾˿Ҳ̫Ϸ绯˰ɣԼ⴩ԽģҲʵ̫е˼ˡ
ɽ֮ڣһɫĶ˳ǳģǴġĳ֣òľȫɢ˿ȴûжǵһӣһɰ֣֮䣬ͽɫȫˡ
϶ôûûʵĻÿζһЩɻϷ򶷣㻹õĳѽ

ɽڣһЦ˳ֻһյ˵ҩϷ򲻷㣬ȴϷôľ壬ǻĲͷ˰ɡ
ٷϻץҲľˣӦ֪Ϸ϶Ϸ򾯸㣬ϽҲľ˷ˣϷ춨ƽôһ
ҩб¾ͷɡϷ뿴Ҫôƽһ


3036 ϲģ
Ϊڻң˳ǰȥȥʬʬ̵һ·ú˲·ǰ
аʱΪԼҪһһҲԼǰٶ֮壬ԽǾҵĶԼԽһʵҲǿ˾͸˵ˣԴ˷аҪһⲻ֮ı緢ԼĸӹһȫûġڣȻ·ɱһľ壬ħҽƼ߳а֪պ˫ǴսҲʨӴ۸˫Ӵ֮Ĵս˵ǻ𵽾ԹؼõġϾսУһڴ͵սϣģôҽŶӣһʮֹؼڡպľսУľǲԸӷһߵģ˫ǵӷ绹ҵввȣץ˲ľ岻ٵΪʣʹľͷġɾˣľδսϣҲûȫԸĳӷǿա
˵ľ˫Ǿս֮ǰΪӷõĻǶڽĳӷ磬ͱضʡ²鷳ġ
аʼȻѾʱȻѾزȥˡδʱаʶ֪Լȥʲôɽ£ǧ磬ȫ׳ӷԼһе̫үʲôӵһУڳа˵Ȥģ򣬳аҲδʱһôĵĽ飬ҪԽʱգܵڵİǻԪڵĸ׽һ鷳µġδĳӷ̼а£ҲʹӦֻδĳӷû뵽а֮󣬾Ȼ˫Ӵ˵׷ɱΪδĳӷ磬Ͳ֪аʵܣӵŽܡȻδĳӷ綼֪ĴڣҲ˵δԣ˫ӴѹûеõǼȫµȻûõȫȻˡ
аʵĴԽչ˫Ӵ۵ǰȫʷıˣǼδԴδֵȫǼδʷϴδֹΪаʵĵˡ
òϣһԵʮֵϷ绯óֵĶΪôڵ˶֣ˣȻǳӷδĶӣѵ˵Ǹ©ľȫıһ
ʵͲҪȳаʴԽʱչʷʮǰѾת䣬Ϊԭʷչ˵ӷ籾͸ǰ˵ģɱս˫Ӵ۵ģΪʵ˫Ӵ۵Ķ֣³ܣˣȫˡ
Ȼԭʷʮǰͷת䣬ǳаʵĵҲѾתʷһְɡνȫҲǴһΪ֪ʷУʷİɡ
аѾһԣ첻ҪһɱһͬʱҲҪȰԼĸ׽ľձˡ飬аʴûδʱѾҪаȥʲôĶǵˣδ̫үִܾһĥɡ
ǲľļΪľҩһںܶǰͷˣҲ˵˫֮䲻֪˶ٴһΪ˾ˣһΪɱˡ˫֮˵ĴڣִڣȴҲѪȴ˼ġ
ľҩʱԵĸɣҲû˿ĽţһЧӦ֪Էĵϸ֪Էڸһֵʱʲôʽԣ˫֮䣬ô޷ֳʤһȫµֶΣ򣬾ٴϸֵܷ꣬ĳʤġ
죬עİܾ֣Ϊ˭벻;ɱһаʡ
϶ٷϻĶϷƽ֮ˡûȫĶҩ֮ǰͲϷĶ֡
ҩ㲻ҲһˡϷ˵ǰҲûκεĲͬսҲѷʤġ
а˫Լٳֵġڵľҩ֮ڵҲǳаǰ㡣
ľҩǴ˵ģΪڼǰһץ˲ľˣΪ¶ҩӣľħҽң䲻࣬ҲûκεڣһֱҲǾסɽеģһһԲľĳԱΪӵĻƳĶҩܴﵽһ벻Ч
ľҩȻ˵ģǾͲܻ֦Ҳ֪ʱܴ򣬿ǼץĳԱʹĲˡ
϶ҩϷҲȥֻҪ㽫Ϸ˷ˣ֮䣬պˡ
ҲɵӣԼѾ׼չ¶ҩˣҲѾڿʼˣʱľҩ֣Լ¶ҩƺǲǼ𣬾ûвľԱΪӣҲİ취ûҪΪ˼ľ˻ԼĴ¡Լ¶ҩȫƳɹȥǲľǸʹˣ˵Ҳ֪ôľ
ץ㼸ܵϷǰɱϷˣҲϷѽûûȣСҪǲľ塣
ٷϻˣ㵽ǷŻǲţţʹ򡣡
ţǼϷûʱȥҲ֪ҩµĽⶾҩǿ϶Ϊ˶ԸϷġȻˣǽȸһ˫ҩƳˣ
鷳ˣ
ڰеĳа벻ϼһﲻ֣ԼɾͻȽϳġ
УҪǴ٣ľˣ뿪
аҲôֱ࣬Ӿͳ˳ȥϲģ˵һѷϻǴǲǲ򣬻򡣡


3037 ɱ
ڲľҩԣ˫ȻǿɷȻ½˵û˸ǰ̫ŸȻͳ߷ˣκˣҪֵӡϾһħҽңһרɱ˵ģľĴڣǳ綼ǣħΪ磬սɱ¾޴ڵģһˣ޷Ƶ֮£ͱľħҽ磬ҲľǻԪ磬һ硣һ󡣬ĶҲ޿ײģˣ͵ǵһ޴ڵĶʱҪ
˵ǲľҩ󡣬ȥǣӱ˵ǵȥˡ
ɽȻвģܵһֱһҩһȫˣò˵ˣʵ̫ˣѲɣȻͳǱߵˣȻͳǱߵˣľҩ󡶼ʶģ˫ȻǶĹϵȻͳ߷棬ֻ̫ȻͳȫԸģû취ô˵˼ҵĵϣΪպķչҲȻͳߵȻȻͳҲӣҪǵʱҲֻ룬ĿȥҪġ
δ˫ǾսУľ֮ûȫΪӷãֻǱӷв飬ҪԭǳΪʱǳɱҲɱ˲ľ岻˵ģΪ˶Ը󡣬ӷ粻ڣľҲֱӳֵġ
ȲԺΣڣаѾ˾ȻˣǾͱҪ飬ڶδ˽֮£ҲضҪǶδսõģȥǰæ
ʲôˣôĵӣȻҴһ
˶¶ǲľ޼ɵܳԼϼһҲ̫Լ˰ɣԼһʲôʱʲô˵ġ
аʴͬһɱһʥһ֮ͽ˲ľҩмλã
СӡĶá
ԱߵͯŮܵǰ˵֮ǰ󡱾ҪȥԼȫ¶֮˵ģû뵽ľͻȻɱ˹޷ȥˡ
ڼȻаˣȻҲʡ˲飬ȥˡֻڲҿ϶ǰСӣزǲľˣΪԼȫ¶ãԳ˵ĻҲֻвľ˲ŰĵľЩϵÿһʶ߱˽ⶾʣ䲻˵ǰٶ֣ͨĶҲġ
뷨ͬľҩҲ뷨ϾаʳһԲľҩ֪Լ֮⣬Ҵһﻹ治࣬Ȼ½࣬ȻͳҲ¹Ȼ½ˣôľһ
ϼһͬ뷨ʱ֮䣬ˡ
аʻû뵽Լʱ֣ȻЧϼһûһҶֵġ
ǲ֣ǾͻҶ֡
аеʥͬʱһ裬ǿһıը
ˡ
ľҩͬʱ˫ȫ˳ϰס
ľ壬һҿҲˡ
а޼ɵ˫аʻ֪ģĻȫһΧԼԼģ˫ӴǱߵû׷Լοǰߵ
ľҩû뵽ǲľ壬ȻôһĴڡ
һ˵òľҩ˿˵ϷΪСءȻˣ£е˼ˡ
Ŷǲľˣ
ϻϷȫҲľ壬Ҳû˴ڡ
ȻǾʹϷȽСӽ˵İɡϷĵ̣Ȼͳ¹κ˶ôģСӽҴǲϷӣӣϷضҪûġ
ôĿ
аһ֮磬ʵ󡣬ľҩ˵а˵仰ֺγǿء
СӣϷľ綾֮£ûκ֮·ġϷҲɱ֮ɡ
аڻ治֪ʲôܱܲɣĻԼ䣬Ǿֱӱ¶Ȼͳһܿͻӵ˫ӴǱߵģԼн֣˫ӴŹԼ


3038 
ţУȷҪһŵģҳаʵֱڲֻͬҪ˵һ֣㲻ᱻ˻Լ˫ӴҪץõˣԣʱ򣬳аҲû˿ԥȻҪұţҾͱһɣ
Ľ죬ļա˵ǧҵ״ҽаʡ
ⰢǻԪ磬ʲô֪ννĵЩȫֻǵһЩ˵ˡаʴСδĵ糤ģѹûȥ磬ſտڣͻϵЩ˵
ǻʵġСӻǲ֪ߵغѽʶһ£ϷĶκ˶ֵסġ
Ѿһۺɫ壬ɽΧķۺɫ廹ҪŨҵĶ࣬Щγֱ̬ӾͽԲ֮أȫ
ľҩľ˺ˣ˵һȫס϶Ϊǿһֶ
˵ΪһסҲģжһ̵оҲںܶǰƳƽΪֵýһֶǱһ
ľҩ˿Ĵ⣬һȥһסˡǿĶǻͨëϸģҲ˵ֻҪϣͨƤ壬ǲôֹֹ˵ġɲľҩභô꣬ȻҲһ˽⣬ôоľҩƳһֽҩֻҪֽҩͿĨȫһͲ͸Ƥëϸˣ棬еģҪպȫһ
˵ľҩȴڣǲǿģħ磬ֻ΢еħˣκСʱȫûģҲ˵棬ڲľҩľ˵⣬ҲΪˣһԲľ޷˺ģһ֮½к
˿̣ľڲľҩĴ֮£ȫˣû˻ʱ򿿽ģ̫˽Ĳľҩ֪ųһ֮ͻϽһϵеĹϸֲͬĶҩɢǸʱνǷʤġ
аһİΧ֮£Ȼһ¶ûУҲûκεĽҩһԵļΪɡ
ûиһĶСңá
ʲô
˵󡾪סˣľҩˡԼЩƳĶԼЩ취ԸĶڳаʵǰȫ𲻵κã
ôܡ
ľҩǽĶųаʿ֪аô쵽ģûԼľҩ֮£ڲκ֮£һȻûá
˿̳˳Ծ֮⣬뵽֮ǰͯŮ˵ԼƳ¶СûãڿԼ¶⣬ǳаСӵʺǶأľЩ˵ʻҪǿö౶ѽ
аеʥĽ꣬аȶֻЩͯͯŮȫĵĿڶѪڵħޣֱӾͱˡ
ҲǵֵסǿĵҲһжֻܿģڶҲûˣ֪һѲĽɫѽˣԲȻ½ģԼû
ұɱˣ첻Ļͻкܶɥ֡ԣ˼ˣ죬Ҫ
аӰһκεķӦѾǰе֮䣬ļϡ
԰û뵽ԼȻôһ죬ȻܽԼһԼļϣֻҪаʵ΢΢һ֪ԼͷϾͻᱻģ
֣
󡻹е㵨ʶԳаʵѾ˼ϣȴûǿ캰صģǸҽга֡
ʲô𣿡
аⲻʻãһʣ͸һĻᡣҲΪаûо飬ǳӷĻѾˣĿκ˵Ļġ
˫ͻȻ˰ɫˣʼûа֪ϼһ붪ѽ
໡
һֻɫĸ󡣬ڳ˳ħޣħ޸СһֻҪħ޲屻ˣҲġڵֱԼԼħܡ
ľҩСֵܣħˣ
аʽеһᣬ৵һͷħޣȴѾԶٶȷǳ죬һһħ󣬽аǰ·סˣ


3039 
а֮ѹס󡣬Ѿ֤ʵľҩҲûоаʶԼʲô⣬ֻǽղŵɱѹһ˵ϣ˵аʵĿֻһˣԼľ壬ûʲôģԣľҩҲҪκεķаһɱ󡣬һʮѵõĻᡣ
ֻˣֻħޣٶ֮죬ڳа֮£ÿһ£ܴԽһռ㣬գ֮䣬ѾӰˣ
Сֵܣ׷ˣ
ľҩ̾˿Ȼɱ󡣬ȻаҲʵľҩභôãȻ˽ģЩʲôƳ󡱾֮⣬ͲľҩΪˡ
аҲо׷ˣתԲľҩ˵ֻħ޺ر𡣡
ǵģֻħûʲô̫ȴһִԽСͿռ֮䣬ӳǧ֮⡣Ҳ϶ܡԶɱˣûɱ˵ֶˣһζʧЧˣΨһľܡ
̫ϧˡǼһܽƻαˣ治֪ʲôʱҵ
СֵܣҪ϶Ļǳ򵥣Ϸ֪ʲôطֻǸطȥˡ
аһľҩ⻰Ͳ²⵽˵ʲôʵǲȻͳǱߣ
ľҩųа˫񣬻û뵽аʾȻһ¾ܲ³˵ûΨһȥģȻͳǱߡܵõȻͳߵıӡСֵܣȻʵ㲻еһһҲǳأҪȥȻͳǱɱĻе㲻̫ܡ
ȷԳа֪ǸȻͳȻǸŮˣʵʮǿģⰢǻԪ磬˫ӴۣǼħʦ֮⣬аϵںҲǵʨۻټһ֮⣬ûˣЩ½ͳߵĶ֡˵аҪȥȻͳǱɱ󡣬ǲܵġ
Ȼ޷֮£ģˡаսľ鲻㣬ҲˣˣԳа֪Ȼͳ߿ɻһӣǸڲ֮󣬻ԼĴ㣬Ҳǳᷢһθ飬ȻܱͬˣǱض˫Ӵ۵ҳաаΨһĻᣬȻͳߵĶˣȻͳߵĶȥ⣬Ҳ뿴Լϵˣ׻һôˣ˵ΪԼĳ֣أᱻĸɱ
ľҩľμû˵ɣ
ľҩųаʣ˵ʵԳǡаʡСӣ֪Ǵðģʵߣеһһȴǿһһ״ľҩҲʲôط˵Ƶġ
ûϷǲľҩ֪Сֵˣ
аһ£Լݲܱ¶ˣҪľΪãΪպ˫ǴսһҽƻĻаʾͱľҩΪѣǸľΪѡ
ν֮䣬˿ֻҪ̹ѡ
аʾڲľҩǰԼݣȻδԽߵǸˡ
ң硣
磡ȷǴδԽģҲδ磬δĵѽаʵû˵
硣
ľҩ˶һν磬ָʲôǿǴǧ֮һȫ½λţڰǻԪ˵϶Ǵǧ֮ȫ½λ˵۵Ͷɵģ
Ȳľҩʣа˵еĵΪΪʥ
ʲô
ʥ֣Ѿ֤Щʲôˡ
ľҩŵĿǰĳаʣ˵ϼ壬ǵʨǵ
ʵڰǻԪ˵ϼ˭ֶ֪֮ġ֮ǰĿʦǰ˫Ӵ۴ս˫ӳǣһ˫Ӵ۵ĵˣӵŵϼ
Ҳܵϼ˫Ӵ֮ĵжԹϵǰˣǵʨߵĻڲľҩԣľԣǶ˵ġҪʶϼˣǵʨһ֮ǰ޵еĴڣ뿪˰ǻԪ磬Ĵ˵ڵһǰܻ˫Ӵ۵ҲǸݽɫѽľҩڻ֪½˫ӳǱ飬ϼѾȫ˵ȥˣµţĴ澴塣
ˡôܻǵʨߵأʵλ治֪ԶءǵʨߵĻ󡣬ӵǵʨߵĻһȻͳߣһ𡣡
апЦľҩҲ£˵ɣԼܻǵʨ𣬵ʨԼүү
Ŷ㲻ǵʨߵеʥ
ʨӴ۳ӷҵġ
а⻰˵еǿˣӷģʵδӷ͵ĲŶԡ
ʨӴۣӷ磿˫Ӵ۵ͷǸۣ
ûҾʨӴ۵¡
ľҩ룬ʨӴ۵£ǲӦóѽǱ߹ҲӦ½ŶѽôܵȻ½ˡ
Сֵܣ˼˵Ȼ½ʨӴģ
ţǷǰɱһġܿϧˡ
ɱ󡣬ĶǿҲӦʱͱʨӴ۸ϰɡ
СֵܣȻϷǰ˵ݣǾͱʾϷƷεģϷ򲻻㡣ȻˣΪβĿ˵أ˵Ϸܰ㡣
Ư
аʸղ˵ʵڵȲľҩ仰ľ壬Ȼͳߵͳ֮£ľȻͳ߶ҪͲˣҪҩǸҩˣǸ˵ģͲľԸԸ⡣
˵ܰң
İﲻϣҪȥȻͳǱߣûġ
Ȼ˵ҲûʲôˡηǰֻһǾǶȻ½ʩһԵļƻ
Եļƻ
ľҩһʱһ˵ÿһε۳һ͵Ļս˫ӴǸʱʨӴۣҲ˫Ӵ۲ڵ۳ͬһʱϷҲ뿴һ͵ɱϷܰ㣬ֻҪӦϷ򣬶Ȼ½飬˵ʨӴ۵ʱܶȻ½飬ϷûʲôõĵˣҲܷĵİ㣬ǸʵĻɱȻͳҲڻµġ
а˵ҲܴʨӴ۴Ӧκ飬ܰҵĻҲʨӴ۵ļƻʲô٣ҵʱܰʨӴǰ˵顣ҲûʨӴǱû˵ϻʸʥ֤ʨӴ۶ҵΡ


3040 ⣡
ǻԪȻϰٸ½ÿһ½˫Ӵյͳߣ˵ÿһ½ޱȵӴ໥ΪӴģҲģ½֮ڣҲͽ½λǻԪλãγһ״½½е׶½ҲǻȨ֮أ½һΪ½һȻ½ˡ
ʵۻΪͳǻԪڼ䣬½½Ȼ½ǲݵĵжԷ뽫½̲ϧǣ֮⣬ûκܰ쵽㡣ЩȽС͵Ĵ½Ҳ໥ֻҪһûƺãǾͻ̵д½֮սϰٸ½ͬһʱ䷢սһôľ棬ǿ֪ġ𲻶ϣɱ¾ϣеصĵطΪսǻԪ磬һƽ
ʵ˵ʵ۵ͳΣǻԪ˵Ҳһ£ٵһۣͿеĴ½ֹͣ໥֮һҲͱ֤ǻԪƽ໥֮ս֡
ǧ˵ǻԪǴǧ֮ףνǧδһԪңǧѶԪδָģⰢǻԪڲͬȻûսǸ໥֮䣬ҲܻʲôģΪ˸Ե棬ڲ۵ĵ£СС֣ʱġ
Ȼ½½˵ɣͳȻ˫ӴֻۣҪ˫´͵սûŭ˫Ӵ۵£ҲʱһЩĦģΪССĦȻ½½֮䣬ÿһǧ꣬ͻһһ֮ĽֽΪĲǵһ⣬Ҳǵһ⣬ֻ֤ԷԼǿ߱ܵʲôʱ򣬶ǿߣһһ֮һֽ棬һ𽥽ӹܸԴ½ȨϵһڱЩȨ˵һԶֻôһ˵ĻʣһˣپãҲһ죬һһˣһ֮һͻ𽥵û䡣νеʲôһУڶȴܣûȥ̳еһĽɽ˽ƬɽĶȥʱͻһˡ
ڵĳңΪʲôڵӵôӴΪҵļڼ̳˵Ҫǳߣûǳӻʲôûʸ̳壬ȻûʸģǾһᱻģŵµĳңڵǱõǿȥ
Ȼ½½֮䣬ǧһεƴһгͷĻᣬͬʱҲöԷԼⷽǿơߵǧƴǵõ˫ӴͬģҲ½˫ӻʹоеģʱ˫Ӵۻָһ£Ҳ½ΪһЩϸϵ⣬һʱ֮
ڣȻ½½֮ǧƴѾԽԽˡȲ½ʲôʱǰ½˫ӳǣ˫֮ڣһ͢Ѿ𽥵չˡ
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ӷڵΪ̬ȣ˫Ӵۺǲ˫Ӵ۶ԣӷֵԽƽԽ⣬һڲ߻ʲôıֻԼˡ
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ڣӷϴһ裬еһķɣȥһߣ˫ӴԼ֮ǰ˵ȨȨ֮󣬻ʲôյſڣͱ˫ӻҵ˸סˡ
ӷ磬㲻߳벽
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ӷֱӾ֮ǰΪǣǸǵӣЩ£󱲵ǰˡǸҪĻǾֻǲˡ
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һѻ˵ӷʶȥ̽˫ҵǶ֪ȴûȥֹ˵Щһﻹηǧģ˫Ӵ뵽취֮ǰӷֽģһʰʱ˫ӴùĿԼЩˡ
֮ǰ֣ûκεΣųʶȥ̽ǵһУȴûһֹġӣֻСҲбӥʱѽ㣬ҲȻǱҡദ໥ģ֮ǰûҵʶǸӣ֮ҲûΪҲǸӡȥ䣬ߣôҪĻǲ˼ӣԼ˺ƵģҲͲøǷϻˡ


3041 ˫ӻʹ
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ӷ磬Ҿ㡣˫ӻʹ硣ֻҪٵģԴԴϵÿһ󲻵ǿ󡣡
˫ЩˣѾ˫ӻеĶǿˣȻ˵ԴԴϵǿ֣߳仰Уʲôء
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ӷЦ˫ϣȴûа͸¶ǳӷа֮Ĳ࣬ô飬ܽģֻǾ飬һϲŭ޳̬
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ܣ˵ڸô죿ۿģóӷ뿪벽ûĻ۵Ƣ֪ġ
磬Ҳ˵ǸӷìܣֻҪʲô鶼ŵġȻֻߣֻҪʹشҲǵġ
һҪʹأ
ǾͲһеֹӷҲɵӣ򲻵ѵʱҲӲģѾΪγٳٲֵġ
˫˵ͷܣ˫ӻеɱ϶Ҫһ㣬ҲȽ͸һȥһ顣
ӷûȥ͵˵ʲôһҪȥģȥʲôطǾҪˣҪĻӷҲһ߳˫ӻʹġ
áӷ磬ֻҪ㲻ǾȥһߡҲʶһ˫ӻʹΰɣɲʲôƳȵġ
û뵽㻹֪ҵĳӣ飬ǶѾǳ˽ˡǾӦ֪˫ӴۻħϳԵĿҲ١ˣҲ뿪ɱ䣬򣬾ղ̬ȣ֪˶ٻˡ


3042 £
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3043 ˫ӻ
κ˶ԣԶûּۻ۵ȨֻбŰܵζԴ㣬ҲֻнУ·һ
ɳӷ粻ͬĿ湻ģ˫Щ˫ӻҵҪԱԴ˫ʹ˫ӻʱȻ˵˴кҲˣûкƢˡ
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λû뵽ʱ򣬳ӷ˵šԼûôԼ鷳ˡ
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ʱһ᲻֪ʲô𣿵ҲҪ֪ȻڶѾˣ䵽ǵˣΪǵĽ˵һôΪʲôͲ汳أ
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3044 ϴ
˵ӷڵס˫ӻһ˫Ӵ۵Ļʵ˫ӴڶеһݸλǾԲСӵġӷ罫סȻ͵һӳ˫ӻʹ֤ͨ
ǣڵѰҲ˵ӷĳЩ棬˫Ӵ˵ҪһλҪĶ࣬ҪȥӷĻɣ˵һǽ˫ӴеĻͬʱȥ˫ӴҲԲһüͷģ㣬˫ӻҵλŻ᲻ʳӷĺΪסңܵˣٶץҪ˫ӻʹҲǾԲܵģ˵˭ҷߵģ
˽ˣսʤ˵ĹؼڣһԵ˺˽ˣֻڵ˵ѵӷͲ֪һ˫ӻͲԳΪԼ˫ӻʹ֤ͨλ飬ʵֻǼ򵥵ҪɱˣΪ֮ļƻ̺һ·λĿڷųӷȥӷҲߵģҪ֪ʥʮǹڣֻ˫ӻʹвҵңӷ绹ڼƻ˫Уƶһ͢ԣҲ˵һ䣬ϷʳӷŹ
֮ӷһУֻΪ֮ļƻ·ˣ֮»ôЧʵӷԼҲܿ϶
λѾȫӷѹסˣʵ˵ͲӵĳӷģǳӷԸ˵ģڳκһˣ޷λ¡
˫˿Ҳ˫Ӵ۲ὫһϣλڳӷˣԼҲø˫Ӵ۽ѽϾԼͬӷġ⣬λˣμҷ棬ҲԲݵģ˫ӻʹУμҽãһҪΪλ鱨ͬʱӷ緢ѵĻǾͽ˫ӻʹ֮չһսʱľ棬治ÿƣ
ӷ磬ʲôǿԺú˵ʲôطĲλģҲ˵˷ȥ֮⣬飬Ҷ
˫ŵĺܵף³ӷһ潫λˡ
ӷһЦ˵ǷģҲǸˣֻҪŮ˶ϸӣҾϷЩһҲñȻҲмһŮ˽оҪɱһŮˣҲһüͷġ
ȷӷ粢ֲɱŮ˵ˣԳӷвģӷ綼նɱŮ١
˫֪λƢҪϴǵȷǺѣһǸһϴǾϼˡµ˵ʵλ鲻ѽ
ȻӷǵĽҲûнǺúõġչˡϾҲۣٸӰաǰĿˣ治㡣˫λ˵⻰е˼ҲԣҪλӷϸȻӷ˵ԼҲǸˣֻҪλϴˣӷͻϷ˵ġ
λȻҲǸƢԸŮˣͬʱҲǸʮִŮˡ֪£ԼóӷĻҲҪԼֱӷϴλҲ첻
һΡб£ͲҪһŮ˶֣һҪӷ磬ʨӴۣĿ湻ѽ㲻¶ԼˣѵҲΪ㸸׵ӿһ𣡡
λҪ˸Ů֮ķӷ᲻ΪԼⷬúܶӣһŮ˶֣Ƕӣӷ᲻֡ͬʱλҲѵʨ۸˳ӷ粻¶Լӣ㸸׵ӣҲҪչһ°ɡ
λȫͲ֪ӷһ˵ڵĻܲ㻰ˣΪĿģֶε˵ʲôˣֻҪܵԼҪЧԼҵӶΣһ죬ҲȫûģһǷû
ղ˫λһƺóӷˡ˫λΪμҲֻĸΪʲôĵλ˵һ㣬˫Ӵ۲ֻĽãμĽ֮ϣһӦòǻӦǵۺ󣬿Լ֮ǰʶ̽˫ӻʹûһ˫ӵۺĴѽ
ڳӷͲȥģȽµҪ
Ϊ˵˵ʲô˵⣬ҾͻŹ𣿡
㵽ô
λһӷ⻰֪Լղ˵ģһöûУӷ磬һӲԵ
Ѿ˵ˣҷŹ㣬ܼ򵥣ֻҪ˵һʨӴۣղūҴˣ˴ūһͿˡūң˫ӻڳӷǰȻūңūʲôһĸ˶ԼһֳƺҴǹѸԳơӷҪλԳƣ˼Ҳԣ˵ǸѸ˫ӴǸˡ
롣
λ֪⻰˵ܷһ˵ˣˣҪ˳Ц𡣻ʼС££źܿͽǻԪ磬ʱҪԼõ˫ӻô˵ģ
ˣҿûȣ˫ӻʹҲŸտʼкܶطûȥءʮʱ䣬ʮ֮㻹˵Ǿͱˡ
ӷ绰䣬ʱ֮䣬԰ڣķǳˣ˺һͬһʱк
Ѿˣʱֻ԰ĺüڣ˴˫Ѿ֪飬½ĸϹ
˫ֹסЩյʾ˭ҲڱҪְһСģ͵ģλ
ȥˣӷѾ𽥳λ鿿λҲѾоԼԽԽˣļҪֹͣˡ
ڰˡ
ӷѵ
ϸɡ
˫ͷ϶ð亹˫ӻҵĳԱɫҲһĲ԰סЫһ仰˵˵˻ᵼ޿صĺ
μãҲѾȫϵˣԼñӷܣҪȥˣȴ˫ֹסˡ
λ˫ۣڳ˵һɨ֪ٲǾ·һˡ
ʮ

λ˿˵ãϴղҵĲԣ˴һ·
ҸղŵĻûҪԳūҲС
ӷ磬¶Ҫ̫ˡ
μĽеϴλվǰ棬ӷ岽֮˵
㣬ӦþμĽеϴɣ
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ҷˣûѽֻҪ˵˵Ͼͷˣ֮Ҳ˺
˫˵ӷ磬Ѿռôӣҿ͵ΪֹɡֽˣҲûôġ


3045 
˫˵һҲûþգպٷţҪǿնȣһմˣǾͻᵼ޷ĺնȣͷԣǾ԰첻ģ˵һûͷԣ֫ˣҲܰ쵽ģֻҪ㹻սͿˣս飬ȴһεսУһʮεսоܻ۵ģҪսս˺ۣսľ춯أſܽսľ۵һĳ̶ȡ
ɣӵ絽ڤ磬ӺĴ½ǻԪ磬ӷսѾ޷ȥһļˣҲΪˣӷսľ飬ҲѾȫˣ֮£Ѿƺ˵֮£ӷԺܺõշ磬ڵ˻ûӦ³֣һΪʺϵ֣֮ս֮еնȡ
ڣӷ֪ڶѾˣλȻûȫճӷĻȥ˵˫ӻݣ˵ôһ仰ȷǺܸӷӣ֮飬ȻҲѾڳӷƵˣǾֱӽеɡ֮ǰӷҲ׼ģϾλ鲻ͨħڳӷ籾ħ֮ϣӷֱӾͽǵȵһȫ֮أٷ֣ͬʱѹסӷĻӷġ˵ڷ֮ǰӷ绹Ҫ֣вС
˱֮ȫס˴ǧ֮ѾΪ۷״̬ˣÿһӵеҲųӷ뷨ȥáͱ˵ĵɣԷһУһУͬʱҲϢĸӷѪԪںΪһ壬ѪԪصǱ˵ڣöԷ˿ķ
ڣӷҪѪԪȥϵ𣬽һλڣӷǷλ飬ֻҪһ¹λڵĵѪԪصĻǲ񷶦ͽԶͲҪӷȥã˫Ӵ۵ѹס˳ӷ磬ҲûõģΪλڵĵ𣬾ǲ񷶦һ֣һͽ񷶦񷶦ֱӾͻġ
˫˶ڵȣûκһ˸ҶġӷҲûκ˷֮£ϢģԵѪԪأλڡ
λȫûԼʲôʵĵطӷȥλҲģһһĳǰȥ˫۾Ȼûȥӷ磬еַŭӣ˫˶һѺɲҪʱλͷѽûȫӷвΧ֮ڣʱͷӷĻܽλصġ
λҲǱ֪ԼڻķΧ֮ڣӷҲɵ֮ǾͽλԣӷҪԼ뿪֮󣬲Żջġ
ǣһжλΪ߳ʮ֮󣬳ӷȻͽ
ȫʧʱλоһɣУȴ¶ǿҵ׹⣬ֻҪûǧѵλ黹Ὣӷ
㣬㣬㡣
λͻشһһ󺰣Ҫȥ˵ʲôģλãȫ֪ô
μĽãĸ۵Ľãͬһʱ䣬Ϊǿƣȫ˳漴ÿһˣҲħ˳ѹ˳ӷϣҪֹӷ綯ǧģҪΪղŵ£óӷÿȻɱ˳ӷ磬ҲҪ
ӷμĽõƸȫ˳Ǳ鲻û˿ĽţһʮֵӣǳӷĵһҲλˡ
ڳʵҲٴˣǸ˫ֻڷµ֪ôҲ˵ľɡ˫ȴҪܶࡣ˫ӷǱʱͲʲôԾĵطλҪӷ磬˵֮УֻҪӷһգλ첻Ҳᶯġû뵽ӷȻǰˣֻҪ΢һ£ͻò̫ϳӷڵı˫̴󺰵塭
壿
ӷѾˣ˫ӻʹ壬ҲԼӷµѽӷôܻлʲôء
λĽȫûȥ˫Ľõȫѹ˳ӷϣ϶ЫҲȥвٵǿߣȫƱ˳ԴѹƳӷġ֮ҲμĽãΧܶǿߣȫ˳ӷ磬죬ҪóӷÿԺ󻹸Ҳ˵š
ӷ类ǿѹţȴһҲֻһֻֻԼϷĴһָ
˫ӷⲻĶﷴһľţ治֪׻ᷢʲô£ǳӷ类ϣҪùء
ӷ磬ȷ㡣
λһ޴ǿ⣬ֱӳ˵֮ǰһӷ硣
ӷ΢΢ҡҡͷһǳ̬ȣ˵ЩˣҲ̫Ƕˡҷһ·ȴҪءӣѽǰǻԪˣʵ̫аˣ̫СˡãȻˣҲͲˡ
žһָΧͣĻصţֻӷüĴһǿ⣬Ѿ趨˷㣬ֱӾλϡ
λΪ֮һӷüĴ䣬ˣеһɳȣɳȣǴԼɢġ
ô£
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ӷ磬ڱ϶ʲôֽţ
λʱ֪ԼһǳĴҲһĴ󡣸ղŸûôֻ࣬˳ӷ磬ϸһµĻӷˣûȫȫ֮£ֱܻⱾѾˡ
λ뵽㣬Ѿˡ
ӷ֮ǰڵĵѪԪأѾײЧ񷶦Զ˳ӷ壬˫ȫųһ亹
ѹסˣô񷶦֣
ԣⲻǳӷ绽ģǲ񷶦Լܳġʲôϣôð˻棿
ԣǲðĻ棬Ǵðġ
ڡѵǡеĵ𣡡
ӷ쵰Ȼģ
ˣֵ񷶦ò񷶦
λẰãˡֵ񷶦


3046 ǿ֣߳
ӷбߺȲ裬߿Ϸ뷨ûһƷζһµݳһ㣬ֻصǻζġ
ӷݳ޵ˣҲֻˣҪҲѽⰢǻԪ磬ʲôͨĲҶδҵĵ
òϣǰһĻǾʷǳѽ񷶦ǱʲôסƵģҪӳӷֱӾͳλ˹ȥҲΪ۷ģһ·ϣȫը˿ΧĿռ䣬·˿Ҫȥ赲񷶦ˣʵǿģȫ˵أЩʵģЩʲôʿŮ֮ģȻһغڵħޣֱӱ
λ˿̸ͲȥԳӷ綯֣˸ճڰ֮УӳӷüĴ⣬ֵĲ񷶦λ𾪲ԣȥƽٶȺˣ˿ԥϾ񷶦֮ףչֳΪǿλʵȫֵסġ
λãΪڻóˣڱ񷶦ֻǵ˲񷶦ǰΪλʱ䣡˵񷶦һǱӷţ֮ǰӷҲûȫջʣһ񷶦ԣֻҪӷĿƷΧ֮ڣǾͰȫˡֻЩһﶼû뵽ʵʱ򣬲λܵʲôط񷶦ݵģΪλڣŸ񷶦ĹλʵǿѪԪҲѾڣڳȼҲħˣҪϨҲ첻ġ
ֻҪǵ𣬲񷶦;Բж϶λ׷ɱǲ꣬һ㶼
ȫֵ񷶦
˫һܶʿŮڼ񷶦֮»ޱȵη壬ԼЩˣһȥֵ񷶦³͸֮ǰЩصһֻ·һģȥֵĻƻҳԱҲŹԼЩˡ
ҶһѾηҲǻȥˡɸͲЩ񷶦Ѿͻμҽø˫ֵܵߣ˫ǣμǣȫ񷶦ĴӰеں濴Ϸĳӷ磬˫ִӡѽ㲻ˡӡռ𣡡
˫ֵܸμҽãڴӰбһ˲䣬ͼ񷶦ͻ仯Ǳһ֣Ȼֱһ޴ĺں֮ڣһֻ·Ҫţţλ飡ֱӳλ˹ȥ޴⣬ʱ֮䣬˫ӻʹУҲһǿҵ£һλðĵѪԪأʱȫסˣˣֻܱڰ֮У޷ٺˣ㣬Ѿ
ֻμúҪ
˫ҲֻܶԳӷ纰ӷ磬˫Ӵ۵ɱȻôŭġ
֮ǰұһԼ޹ء
ǳӷһݳһϷȴ˵λԼԼһϵλ鲻˵ĸ߰кԼԼҲѽС۵ҪԼҲڵ鷢ѽ
֮ӷ˼ǣҪ꣬ҪˣҪҲû취
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ӷ˫һתȻѾ֣ɱˣͺβѶһأλıըҲ̫С˵㣬ˣһܵһʱ֪Ͼ˫ӻʹһڷǳǿķħġ
ӷ絥һ̤أڿն𣬿еˣɷܵ˫ˣʵ̫ʨӴ۷ˡȻΪǵĽҲʲô˵ġΪЩһѧһ㣬Ժңٸһѵɡ

Ѿɱһ˫ӻѵ˫ӻʹӷԼҲ˵ˣֻǸˣɱһȻҪѵģ˭ǽѽ
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ʲô
˫ֵܸμҽãѾ԰ûȫӷĸŵɫ԰ס
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ֹֹ˫ŭҲѽ֪ᷢ飬֮ǰ㸶ٴҲһ
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ӷоǿг֣ǿУȴ˫ӴۣҲǱİƷۣ
ӷ磬Ѿɱһʿɶֹɡ
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ʲôˣȻӵǿʵӣ˫Ӵ۵Ƴˡ
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ӿԷҲһߺռ𡭡
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԰һСͶǿҵĵˣ˫ֵܸμҽڣûһվȽŵġ
˿̣һĢյĴ˿̣ӷѾһµӣԼĶ档ӣһѰɫĳȴǺɫģµؿϣɫ壬һġ
ǡ
ӷ翴Ŷİӣһʱ䣬ܶ϶ݡ
һǸصԱǿģȻԸԼԼղҲѾʼ˴ǧȻûȫȴѾɶԷȴ֮£Լһдһƽ֣˵ʵǿ֪ģ
ڳˣ壡
ӷ绹û뵽ɱһλ飬Ȼֱӽ˸ֻǴ壬ʲôݣʲôλأ


3047 棡
˾Ȼʱ֣⻹ǳ˳ӷϡΪص壬ҪǳʱŻ˳ֵģϾһֱص̫ˣΪ˫ӳ֮ףɾĸˣûĳԱ
ǰĳԱ֣ӷҲ֪Ϊνǵ˶ûˣԭν壬ģ
ӷȲ˵ԼźȤҲܱ¶ġߣӷҲ뿴˫ӻҵĳԱĳԱ໥֮һô̬ȡ
еԱѾأվ˫ֵܸμҽõǰ棬λѾˣһȫʬħȻҲˡμҽòܵʲôûλֱӾҪӷ磬Ҵ󺰵ɱãҪ
λ̫ԶҲ˵Ǹճ嵽ĳԱǰͱһǿħ󣬸赲
ڲ㱨ʱҪ֪ӷãڴۻδǧ֮ǰ˭ɱ
ɱá
һλ飬ǧãǸȽҪ
ѽ˫ӴǸôԸôƢѵμҽû᲻֪𡣸ǧ˵μҽ˫Ӵ۵ʲôǣ˵κ˶ǧҪ⻹һȫµǧҪǿ˫ӴڻûеõҪ˫£ѰǼȫץóаʵͬʱӷǧҲҪõ
ĳԱ΢΢תͷ˫˵˫˴뿪
˫˵ͷû˵ʲôֱӾλǰҪǽȥɰ˵μҽãɱһ׵ľͷŹӷء
ӷ벻ǣԱһ仰˫հ죬μҽãҲհ죬˫ɵˣ뿪԰
ѽ
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ûⰢǻԪ磬ʵȷǴһУĳԱʵҲԲ˫˫϶֮£ˣϾֻ˫ӷ֧еһԱѽΪ˫ӻң˫Ӽĵϵôܻȥһ֧Աأ
ӷȻһֲͬѰĹоָоӷһʱҲ޷ȥֱ棬޷ȥ⣬ڣӷʱȥЩλݸλ˫Ӵ۶ȥںһһȴһɱһǴ˳ȥõ˫˫ӻһӡ
ĳԱǰƣҲˣ㲻ɱ˳ӷ磬ҲҪóӷ縶ۣ˲飬ĳԱ·Ϳȥһ޼ɵȥ
ӷ磬֪ղɱʲô𣿡
ĳԱųӷʵ
ӷ翴һ˫ۣȻòҲֻȥ˫ˣҪһ˽ʲôֻϧԱԵʮֵļᶨܳӷôǿ͸ġ
һ˫Ӵ۵ʲô˲ġ˫ӴôӣɱҲûʲô˵ġ˵ˣǸŮȶȵģұѾҪŹˣȴҽзһЩ֪ߵغļһˣá

ĳԱһЦЦˣ˼ֻǺ˵Ĳٰˡ˫Ǻһˣʮ
˵ĺе۵ʮۣʨӴۣΪ˽֮ĵҲκ˶ðġ֮ǰλӦ˰ɣ
аɣǴ㽫԰˵ģֻû뵽˫֮УȻղѾ˴ǧȻûжȴԸһ֮ڴƽ֣ؾٳ֣㣬˫ӻҵһֹҰɣ
ǲֹġ
ĳԱһֻ֣΢΢˻ӣ˫ʲô˼㣬ȫ˳԰
һĻóӷǸӵĺͿˡ
ֻĳԱǰѰɫĳʣ޴Ľӷ綼еһĴ̶
˶ʨӴڣҾ͸һ㳹ɡ
ĳԱճڿһ˳ȥ
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顭
һĢƣֱʣǵڶεĢˣӷȫɵۣΪĳԱһȻ԰ˣ
ⱾǳӷҪ飬û뵽ĳԱǳֹԼȴԼԼԭҪ֮¡
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԰Ѿһһգ۵Ĺ
ĳԱٴ֮Уٴųӷ磬еĳֱƬ棬ʵʨӴۣ֪⣿
⣬ʵ̫ˣڱ˵ԱǾģɶڳӷ˵ȫͬˡ
Աڸ߳ӷʲô㣬ӷҲ⣬û´ĻԱ߳ӷ硣ܻٵ԰ҲͬĵѾɱһˣһĻǾͱҪȵһԼķΪǧ˲Ҳˣ㱾ʵʵ̫ˣ޷ʹǧ֮£ɱˣǿǶţëġ
ӷϴЦ˵㣬в𣿡
ھ㡣
ӷֱʣĳԱҲֱӻشġ
԰ܴҪΪҪǧ𣿡
㱾жٽԼ飬ҿԵû˫ӴҲƽϵġҲϣ黹еڶΡϾﲻ磬˫Ӵ۵ĵ̣˵ɱ˾ɱ˵ġ
ǾҿŶٽɡҳӷɲɱ֮ΪҲȱȫɣ
㻹Ҷ֣һٵ԰뾯һ£ǰҲû㶯֣ΪҶԣ̵ģֻǧ򣬱ʵҸͲмһս
ĳԱŶ߳ӷģֱת˫ӻʹȥ߷ɻ˵Աˣ㱾¡˫Ӵ۽ǧ֮㻹һսһ˫Ӵһʱġ


3048 ѻۣ
ӷĿ¶׹⣬Լ˵˻治࣬˫ӴۣҲ˵СԼļһӿ湻ġ
ĵǱӵ𣿡
ӷ翴ļһﲻͣȥ΢΢һ仰ȴû˿Ķ
ֻļһͷϣͳһֻԱһֻɫԱҷⱪӵĺֱ˫ӻʹ
Ǳӵѽѹָ˸˵
ӷ˫һֻ̧ڳӷ˫֮ϣһѾѻǹ漴ӷ罫ڵħ˾ѻǹڣӵã׼ļһ顱һֱӿǹ
ǹǺܴ󣬾ѻǹǹҲܻ󣬴ˣͻֱӱ¶ѻֵλáȻڳӷȫûǹļһ￴Ҳûϣоħǳ΢ǴϣҲܸκε˺
ǣļһﲻܻ˽Щɴӷħǿ󣬵ˣǾѻǹżɱϻƴƳģһȥһɾ޴ĳֱӳ˵ռ䣬ļһʱоһɿռĲת
ৡ
ħӵһϣһ˺ȻǺ˺ۣȴ˺
ӷʱ˫ӻʹɲֻʶȥ̽˫ڲֲģȻ֪ԼʵҲÿζǧôͱҪ
ȻѾˣʮǰħһսоˣǣƳľѻǹȴ𵽺ܶáӷʱ䣬ǽӵԭӵ˸ħӵڣþѻǹħӵűӵļһһѵ
ôãе㲻㲻Ա㣿
ļһﻹû뵽ӷȻʱ֣һǣȷǸǵӷֵȷǸˣҪԸԼҲҪһѵʱѽΪʲôȴҪðյأ
ļһﲻ˽ӷ磬Ȼ֪ӷһͲ֪³ƵĽɫԽ벻飬ӷԽȥˣǾǳʤʤ
ļһת濴ųӷ磬˵ľѾеԶˣϰ׵ľ룬Ƭ֮УļһѾɢɱ
Ļ;ԲԼıˡ
ӷ赭дһ仰ȴļһоԼıͻȻһɹⲢħȴһ
󱲣
ٴһתȻֵֻ֣ģǧֹ
ǧֹվһ㶯ûУֵһ̣Ҳû˿ķվűɱ
¡һǧֹ壬ֱӱһǿޱȵħը˿֮䣬ͷɻ
ӷû˿ı飬žԼ±ɱӷȴһҲϡ
û뵽Ȼˣ˫Ӵۣ֮ǰҲûз
ֹ˫Ӵۣǻκˣܷġ
ΪʲôҪһˣװˣ񲻿ϧ
û뵽ڼһȻǧֹǸˣǲѽ
Ҳ˵ˣȻǸˣбҪϧ𣡡
ӷ˿Цһɱɣɱˣá
ܺáΪۣÿһ۵ĳ֣ʬɽʬǰߣûһġ
ã᲻еһʬأ
ǵĿ˫ӴܲܽǧˡܵĻ֮䣬һսġ
Ҳ˫Ӵ¡ȻǰЩۣпܽǵǧҲͬǧңҾǴǧ˫ӴôҲֻ˵ģûܹҡˣ˫ӻʹһû꣬û£ͱﰭˡ
ѵղŵ飬Ϊ𣿡
ôãֵסǵֵסǧ򣿡
ӷҪԱˣôأб£ҲҼǧıԸѽûеĻǾҷϻܾңҵȻҲвˡ
ļһҲǸɵϣҪֵĻ֮ǰѾˡ
ҽ߱񣬳ӷ磬ǻģ´μ棬԰ɡ
߱Աţ͵˵ѾӷϣҲóӷһֻԱ˵ˡ
磬Ҿ񣬾㵽ⰢǻԪ磬ҲġΪ߱񣬾Ϳʱ߱ɱң߱ɱˡ
ܺãе˼ˡǾ͵Űɡ
߱񽥽ڳӷǰʧֱȫʧڳӷߣٳһӰ
±˲֪ǻƵģ
ǧֹЦһ˵Ҿþ˷һɱһΣ̫ˣ
İɣҵıǣȫˣҲҵġڣǼһҵ뿴Ǹ壬׽ʲôط
ǣ


3049 ı
ӷôһ֣ɱһʹ˫䱸ǿ˺üرڻʹļڣгǽ棬ʮأϾ˫ǲܸĳӷ̫μҽ÷ʱҲ³ӷֻʲô
ҪͲһǱضǴ£Ȼ˫ֵܸμҽã˫ң֪ӷɱλڹ£أ˫Ӵ۵öӷ磬λҲԼӷȦ׵еģ˵˫Ӵ۳֮ǰû˸ҶԳӷôҲû֪˫Ӵۻʲôʱء
ڳӷ磬˫ӴҪԼǧǾǲܵģ˫Ӵʲô취ֶΣڶʱ֮ڣҲ벻ġ˵˫Ӵ۽ʱ䶼¶棬ӷʱڣԿʼʩԼȫ¼ƻˡ
⣬˫Ӵ۱չ֮ǰѾճӷ˵ȨȨ˿ҲרȥģȴΪ˫ɽҲ˵һ࣬һȫµ࣬Ǳ˫ӴصɽˣȫǴӾͶϹģʣ˫ӴôȥǣΪȶģ˫ӴҲὫɽϳԲŻڱչ֮ǰ£ӽ˫ӵ࣬ɽΪ࣬ǸȫµΪࡣ
һÿһʵҲǿޱȣû뵽˫ӴۣҲһһ㣬Ҳպþ˳ӷԤȾѾźõһȦס
˵ĵطսȨȨĵطҲͻγɰеļּ֮ϣȴһıֻҪ͵ĵ𣬱µļͲӿӷ磬ʵһԴֻҪʱһӷͽһ𣬽֮ϵıѿʹıµļȫչ˵ǰǸʱ򣬾ͽ˫һ䣡
ǣҪһ䣬ָôӺأȲľظƻʲôʱ취ҳӷ磬ڳӷҪҵһ˫ĵߣ߻һͷģҪͷһͷȻǴžɻɽһͷ˫Ӵѡˡж˫÷
ɫѾӷҲѾصסĹ֮СһֱҪֻǿصľԶΪӷڻصʱѾ˵κˣܳԼ߷Χ֮ڡڳӷ˵ν߷ΧָĵȻ˫ģ˫ģһУֻҪһϢӷӷ˼ԣԼᷢ쭵ģʱٷ˰飬ɾͲܹԼˡ
ҹ֮󣬳ӷʹ㿪ʼжˣνжҲȥеһӷѡеˣǱùģΪӷ粻ҪһҪץסİѱΪӷá
ɵģɽͶϹ࣬ҲȨ֣Ϊһȫĳ֣ѾǰˣǼһָѧһϵóۣӷȻǵһʱѡ
ԱʵҪЩһ򣬳ӷû˿ʤģҪ֪ĳȥӷ绹ǰĵģҲΪʲôӷڻ֮˫ӻҵȫÿҪԭΪӷҪǱȥ
˫ӻٹ٣ȫס˫ӻʹģҲ˫Ӵ´κһԱÿһ죬ܷһ٣ȥ̽ףʱ䣬Ҫڻʹ֮ڣΪȹǧ磬ССһ𣬻æġ
ӷǱ֮󣬰֮ǰʶ֪̽·ߣֱӳɽסĵطǱжȥɽסĵطҲһС͵ĹźܶصģӷסĹԼʮذɣֻмҪƹܶССĹ
ӷɽסĹȴ֣ɽȻûڡѵϼһôˣڹɣѾΨһˣƴʲôã˫ӴҲ̫ѽ
ΧʿеһЩ󣬳ӷ֪ɽȥһ󳼵Ĺ˵ǸɽȾƣƽ첻ˡ
ӷͬȰ㣬ץһʿѯʳǸסĹʲôط󣬾ͽʿɱˣҾڸһطɱʿȻֳǸסĹǱжȥ
ĹɽĹҪС˵󳼵ĵλûɽôߣɼȻѹɽȾƣɽȥˣҲ˵֮Ĺϵǳ
ӷֱǱ֮УҲѾҵɽڵĵطڹһ鷿ڣˣȴֻɽȾƵĴˣ֮⣬ˣһ߸ÿһѾһˣǵ͵ƣ˵ᣬһħ󣬽鷿˵κλˣ
˺õıܴʩ˵ɽһ̸ʲôҪ飬Ҳ͸Ǹйϵ
ˣεľٶڣ
һ۵ʵǾĴ󳼣Ҳɽ֮ˣΪ
ˣӦ֪ѾչˣʱǸӲӦȥκηɵ飬һ֪Ƕ·һġ
ɽ˵
ˣѾͬˡӷ类ܣѺڻʹ֮ڣа£˶Ŀⶢ˳ӷһ˵ϣֻʲô³ܳɱˣɱĻ£ܾ˽ģҲ˵ڲܻǣǿԷĴ󵨵˵ǰ˵ڵ顣
кܶ˵˵ڣƵӡڣȷǰһˣ˫ӴѾչأӷɱλ飬˶ųӷ粻ţ˭йȥǼϼһѽ
ɽ̾˿˵ˣӾɻͶ˫ӴۣΪһȫΪġû뵽Ǹô࣬ô˫Ӵ۴ûιǣڣ˫ӻҲѾȫˮ棬˫Ӵۻһʲô࣬һ·˻ȨࡣЩˣʱﶼѾˣٹã˫֮ڣͲǵ֮ˣ
ɽ˵ĺֱӣȻ˵Ǿֱ˵ɣҪתĨǵġ
˵һҪڵǣҪΪǵδ㡣򣬵˫Ӵ۲Ҫȥȶĵʱ򣬾ͻὫһġûϵҲѾˣÿһ˵ı󣬿ɶԼļ壬˫Ӵۣܻк󻼵飬ضնݳġҲ˵˫ӴҪֵʱ򣬾ÿһĩգ


3050 ǳˣ
ڵԣˣõģһ֣ǹ߸ͬһεİǰ㡣ʱĵϼΪ߸Ĺϵ±˾ӶߣȨƣڶ֣ĵˣͶϹģˣҲǵģν룬κ磬κγκεΪȹĻȨòģȫ뾡һа취þһֶȥ
κεʴȣκεĸ֮ʣΪڿһеͬʱҲڸһԣҲ˵ʵɣȹһһΪһλΪ˵飬ǸˣǸûʵۣʵǶǵһΪ˱ˣ˵һϵûУνģֻԼȨưˡ
ʵǵκһλߣ˭ǲʬģһλϣʲôʱ򣬶һ˵ĴڣҪǸ˵λӣΨһķǽǸ˸λȻλĻᡣڡˣȨˡ
˫ӴǰɽЩͶߣӾɻǱͶϹģΪǻõļֵ˫Ӵ۱ҪЩˣȥȹһֵľƣɵǲֵľȶ֮˫Ӵۻܻɽ𡣵Ȼʵںܾǰ˫Ӵ۾ͿԽɽ˾ģ˫Ӵۻ˼˼ģɽǣ緽⡣˫Ӵ۱Ҫһǳ۵ˣȥһ۵ˡ˫ӻң˫ӴҪεģɽͶ˫ӻҵĳԱ緽ˣһ¾Լĵơ
ȻڻӻҵĳԱȫѾչ˵ǰĳӷ磬ʨӴۣҲѾ֪ˣô˫Ӵ۾ûҪɽˣţܱӷá˫ӴֲһԾͽɽȫֻĵĲȶѣǺһȫµ࣬˫Ӵ۵ĳﻮ֮³ˡ
ҪΪǸʱֵģ˫Ӵʱŵģ˫ӴֲɵӣЩڰǻԪ磬Ǵǧ羭Ӫ֮ãۣˣȻֻǰƷɳƷҲֻ顣Ҳ˵Ǹȫµ࣬˫ӴͰźõģ˫Ӵ̳ģֻʱóá
ɽ˱Ͼϼһһı˫Ӵ۲ܻһԸǣõģҲضǾڱʵ棬ǻ۸棬ǶӦǶ
ɽѾʶΣ˫ӴΪӷǧչأһأɾɽЩ˵ڣģԼÿһ˵ļ壬
ȻѾʶΣɽǾͲʲôܣʲôɵϲŻ顣
Ҫʲôˣ˫Ӵ۳֮ǰҪʲôɸôأͳΪɽΪͷʹ⡣
鷿ڣɽ˵˺ܶ࣬󳼣Ҳ˸Եÿһ˵󣬶ﵽһͬҲ˵һͬ뷨Ǿ˫Ӵ۳֮ǰ˫ĴȨԼЩ˵УֻҪǴȨգ˫Ӵ۵ʱҪӲ٣ЩҲŷأڵ
Ǹǽ˫Ӵһȫµڻ֪ʲô˵
Ϸ˫Ӵ۸Ǹ´Ӧò򵥡֮кܶ˵λöڽб仯ⶼǸɵģڵס˫Ӵ·ŵĻȨȥκη
Ҷ˵˵˫Ӵ۵ڴʲôע⣿ӷ棬棬񶼱ǸıԭľƣȲ˵ģǾӷ棬мλ˾ȨһЩְλȥˡһ̵ĽȥһĳҲδ̫˰ɡ
ֹˣĳ棬Ҳбȥ佫ġȻÿһĳʵףҪĻҲϵսģЩˣͲűС͵սû⣬Դ͵սͻϱһɢɳġǸ࣬ȫ
˫Ӵ۲ܻһʲôļһģȻֻڻ֪ǵĿĺڡ
˵˵ڳӷձѺʱ˫Ӵۺӷ̹ʲô顣
̣ˣ㲻ڿЦɡ˫Ӵˣӷ綼ѾΪĽˣôܻӷȥأ
˵˫ӴǾԲģ̽Ϣ˫Ӵ۵ȷˡӣǸ飬˫Ӵ۸´ܾܿ͸ӷйϵҲ˵һôӳӷ֡
β
򻰳ֹǽĻ˵Ƶġ
ɽ˵ˣʱʲôֱ˵ɡ
ˣģӦҲѾµ˰ɡλҲӦѾ֪˰ɣ
ɽ˵ͷҲ˵ͷȴûһ˵ڵġ
ɽ˵ȻǶѾҪˣΪԱ죬Ϸȥҳӷɡ
߸鷿е̽ΪħĹϵɳӷȴԲ֮ͻǵħ󣬻ûǷ֣˵ÿһ仰ӷ綼ʮ
ͲҪȥˣѾʶΣҲǣǶҵġ
ӷﰵЦͲԼˣ˵ԼУѾתƵɽЩ˵ϣǳеʱˣԼֻҪڱǰ߾ˣ


3051 ࣡
ӷ绹û뵽ĻҪԼȥұѽѾҪԼˣôԼȥ˯ĻɽͻԼģ
ӷӽסĹҪȥʱͻȻ֣ڹϷһӰ
˫ӻʹʲôˣʱγڽסĹ֮ϣҺģʱҲԲȳӷ̣ӷȻûз˵Ĵڣӣ˵ʵѽ
ȻӷûˣȻҲûзӷˣ򲻿ܾȥģһҲûȥӷ硣
ӷ֪һ⣬Ȳʲô·Ȼ˽סĹȻĿĵģҲĿģӷͬġ
׶Σ˳ӷ֮⣬ʲô˻ȥɽǣӣɽΣˡ
Уòɽǵ̸ʱΣУǶԳӷ磬Ǻܲġ
׷ȥ˸ˣԴĿе֪ʲôġ
ӷûж룬ֱӾ׷ȥǱеݷӵܾ£ںڰǱУҹ׷٣ҲǳӷѾһˡ
ӷ׷˼ʮ·ǰ֮ˣȴͻȻֹͣתΧ˿ǷʲôԾƵġ
ӷ룬ҪҪھͶ֣ڶֵĻͱ̼佫˸ɱһʲôΧѲӵʿһϸϵġ
˼֮󣬳ӷһȲɱȴ˵Ŀĵ֮󣬿ɳĻʲô˰ɣɱһСɫһ嶼ûУһСɫĴɫǾȫͬˡ
׷˼ʮ··ӷǾ˶ˣǰˣһС¥ǰֹͣ
С¥ǺܴҲĹǰΰֻһǳͨСľ¥ѣֻһ㣬Լͼʮ׸߰ɡ
¥ķڣĵƹ⣬͸ƹ⣬ĿһӰڷڣһڷ俴ġ
ӷһ·׷֮ˣһʮֹ˸¥վڸ¥ǰţ漴Ƿڣһʮ˵ɣ
ʱ򣬳ӷ˫һ˿Ĳ⣬˵¥סӦ÷ǳͲŶԣԼҪСû˿ħĲҲ˵¥ڵˣӦһǳͨˡ
ͨˣס˫ӻʹһͨĸ¥֮ڣԵʮˡҪ֪ⰢǻԪ磬ͨǲģһû˵ĵطס򣬾ͻᱻΧЩħɢħ˫ӻʹÿһˣӵħһкܶ˵ħʮǿ¥ΧһħûУʣһͨˣֵطأ
ӷͻȻһ󵨵뷨¥ڵˣ᲻˫ӻҵģֻأ
ʲôˣӷڶսȥˣ˵Щʲôɡ
ӣȻϡɽǣѾҪͶӷˡ
һŮ˵ӷ绹û뵽Լһ·׷ٹģȻһŮˡ
ţӣѾסˡҲʱǻסĻǾ˵ǲҪˣһЩûõķҲκвġֻҪͲҪҪȥͶӷ磬ɲǼ¡
ǹӣڸô죿
ӷǱʲô
ʱûɱŶʱǲġ
˵ĻǾͷһĴ󡣡
Ů˵ֻ֣һ֣һ֣Ƕأ
ӵ˼ǣӷѾжˣ
û´Ļӷ뷨ɽһġֻһܿ϶ʲôʱȥɽǡѾҪˣҪǣôֹɽȥҳӷ硣Ǿ鷳ˡ
ӣҪҪɱ
ڻǶɽǶֵʱ򡣴·ŻȨҵɲȥɱ˵ġ
·ŻȨ
⻰ӷΪ֮һһ񣬲ȵʲô¸µ
ʲôˣ
ж뿪ͳ˳
ӷҲ֪Լ¶ˣڿɲ֣ܸܶ¥ڵǲͨˣղŵǾ仰ӷѾԿ϶ˡ
˫Ӵ࣬˫࣬û뵽Ȼһͨˣ˫Ӵ۵ʲôôһͨˣ˵λأ
¥ʱֻоһ紵ȴӰҲûСΧûκεʿģҲǳӷ֮ǰûģ¥ΧһʿӰӶ
ԣȻڲ֣ܶǳӷȻѡȥˣﱻ˷֡
¥ķڣһӰѾ߳һɫ˿ۣһͷںڵĳһ飬һװңʮֵӢȥҲʮͷӣû˿ħĲԾǸͨˣһûеͨˡ
ӣûˣ
̧ͷ¥ϵṫ˵
ˣֻѾ˶ѡ
ˣⲻܣҳ֮죬˵ĻҲӰûѽ
ʵ㲻ģرڰɱһ顣Щ˵İɱˮƽȴԶԶ֮ϣҲֻˣ֮ǰȥ
ӣټ˫ӻʹ˭İɱˮƽ֮ϵģ
˫ӻʹûУߣͲһˡ
˵ģǳӷ磿
֮⣬ûˡ󣬿ӷ֮ǰѾȥǱˣǸġ
ңұˣ
󲻻ȥṫ˵ĻڵͷԲӣҵȻóӷܵˣ
ûҪ𣬷Ҹӷ磬ҪġڣҲֻǰ˼ѡ
ṫת߽ڣ˵ϷϾҪʼˣӷ磬ǧҪʧźã


3052 ׼ͷ
峿ʱ˫ӳǶѾ˫ӻʹ飬һ½ǻԪ紫ӷ統ɱ˫ӻǵ˫ӻҳԱɱģⲻòǻԪ𾪣ͬʱҲ˶֪ڵĳӷΪ˫Ӵ۵ĽϾۣ۵ϣɲʲô˶ȥðġųӷǧ˫ӴĿǰҲ൱ѽ򣬳ӷɱ˫ӻʱ˫Ӵ۲Ҳ򣬾ǵڣ˫ӴҲûֹ
˵Ҳ˴˫ӴΪ˶ԸӷǧѾʼչˣҥôĿ£ֻҪ˫Ӵһ첻֣һ첻أ˶Ϊ˫Ӵóӷû취˽ӷ˫ӻʹ֮⣬˳ӷֺһҵģӷɱһ˫ӻɱһ˫ӻҵĳԱö֮˫ӻʹΪӷֳӷôô棬ûܶô
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3054 Ц죡
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3055 յȫգ
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ӷĸ飬ҲЦ˵Щ󣬷˸ı䣬ٳԾκεĲ˼飬˵˵˵ĻڣǿԸɽ̸ˣǣڣ͸Ҷһ
ӣǾԵӣЦ˵ٶ࣬ӷ󶪳һ仰ȫûЦӷ֪Ц죬һľػҪյɳӷҲ¶ģ
ЦȻҲΪӷӶŭͶŭĻǾ˵˫Ӵ۰װ
̸ɣҾͲˡӷ磬Ȼ̸ǲ̸ʲôˣҶġңһȳУʲôУЦ죬յȫգ


3056 Цɱľأ
Цı飬񣬸̬ԵʮֵĶĵû͸¶˿ĳӣƫƫɣȴóӷ粻ɡ˵ЦԼ̼ĵϵ˵֮ĻԵ̫ˣֵǣԳӷ۹˵ȻЦдκε٣Եĸϣһֻǻۣӷܵϡ
ǲУ˺ܶĶ棬ıƣթȴȽһȫ֪ԷģԲѵöԷȳУ˼˵ڽӷôô棬ʲôʲôЦоǡ
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С˼ˡˣ㣬ĳЩ棬Ҳͦġ˵ڵĻδؾͻõģҲֻһľ˰ɣ㻹бˣҲԲܻľ֮ϡ˵ֻҪľһĹ¼ҹˡ
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ӷٵĽԼȶЦһ˵Ц죬Ҳ̫Сľ˰ɡҪȥ취֪ͨɱĻҳӷ磬Цǰдһġ֡ӷ绹˽ľǼһڰǻԪʵ䲻ߣ˼ʱ򣬿Ǳ֮ΪϾŵģھĵʱ򣬿ǳ޵УںʱǺӾްҹڵʱľءӷŸɣÿεʧܣɲò˵ӷнʱյĳɾ͸ʵľصĹͣҲʮִġ
˵ڵЦ죬ӷܴܲЦѣľأ԰ĵЦȥɱľأľΪ˵ȻǼǺ㵽ʱ㾡һУֻΪЦ֮أ
Ц죬ȥɣǧҪסһɲҪľκηĻᣬ㽫ҹҹ޷˯ΪǸʱľأΪجΡ
ӷЦˣýľرƾǼһһԽԽĴڣˣʲôµ飬ܸ㷢һȫ̼ƻ֮
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3057 Ĺʦ
Ц˫뿪ɽҲͿĸӷ̸ˣ˻Ҫ͵͵ڹʲôħֱڹʯϣһһ٣˫ԣ·֮䣬Ѿղ˰㡣
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֪Ҳû֪ս󣬶δôʶģϷͲˡ˵ֻҪȥһӦġ


3058 ȫѲ
νޣʵںܶʱҲֻǲôһѣȴôһĲ࣬ȴЩѾ̤һ֮
ɽ󲻹ھ˫УܶǿǴУνָĲһּԦֶΣһΪ˴ķˣֻЩһУȥһ
ƽʱǶ飬ɽɰƽģϧǣµľƣɲһĽţ˫Ӵۻû¶棬ֻɳһЦӷ綷һ˫Ӵ۳ˣ治֪ô̬֡˵˫Ӵ۳֣¶֮ǰ˫Ҫҡ
Ҫ˫ңΨһİ취Ƿһ˫ڲ䣬飬ɽǲôһ㣬һˣƼ˵ǾžԵʸˡ
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˫֪ȨģǸЦˡ䵽ĿǰλãǸ˲࣬˫ĺܶ˶֪ͽλ࣬Լպǰ;ž޴ġˣɻлġⲻϣͼˡ
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Ҷ˷ľ໥һۣҪ˵ʲôǴˣһʮִȻ֪¶ģľһˣҶ˷ƣûб¶
ģץǣץӡҪС
ǡľֱӾͽʿĲӸŤˣʿ֮ǰȴһҽУҽȻ󣬿ϾвٵʿҶ˷һסľأ˵ѵ㻹һ·ɱȥɡߡ
ͬʱڷ֮⣬ʿ˵ˣⷿں
ȥ
ˣˣˡ
쵰һҪҵˡ֡
ˣѾӴˡ
ʲô֪ͨ˵ѾҵˡȽֵȫҷӳ֡
ǣˡ
ͬʱһֵϣĽͬʱӵ˷ľصϢ
ˣĿڳ֡
ȫϹȥסҲҪģֻҪһʬ塣
ǣˡ


3060 Χɱ
ΪִѾŷҲľڵֵң˷ԴԴϵӿӣЦҲûľأ֪ɼȥĻǺпܻᱻľظܵġľصĽƻգֻڳӷˣɵȥǰæһ
ľ˵ԼˣôƫƫԼأ˫˾ԼвȽϴһ㣬Ŀǰֻ֪Լһ˫ӳǣ˵ǰ飬ľѹͲöʲôȻǳӷԼˡڣǳӷ籩¶ľأľҲô롣
ӣ޾֮·ѽ
ѾʱˣֵȫľؾȻ˵޾֮·ð˾ͺǲˬ仰Ҷ˷˵˼͸ȫͬˡ
ӣ¶ģһ˶ѡҪɱģҪץģҲֻ㡣Ļһϣûˡ
Ҷ˷磬һغ˾ֱ˵ûҪתĨǵġ
ʱӦú˰ɡ춼ӷǱ߾һ㸨ûˡͨѾرգǳԹ򣬳ӷҪһ֮Կ˫ǾԲܵġ
ľ̾˿˵ûˣҪˡֻҵĴڣûзǻͱһɡ
Ҷ˷˵㽫е˵עȫҺóͰƳȥǱ˫ӻʹ˫ӻʹеǼһһ벻ǻ˵ġ
㻹ϻʲôӴһĿ̫ˡ
Ҷ˷Цһľѵһغѽ飬Ժܲٷˡ
ľأȻҲ̫ϲˣʱҲΪǻҪս
ٸӷϻǷӵģ´һȫӡ
Ҷ˷һЦûٶ˵ʲôŰһֱӳһڰӵСֻľؽе˵עȫȥҶ˷лͰƳȥˣȻԼǱ˫ӻʹȥӷͷ
ľһֱӾվ˳ߵһط˫ĿΧĵˣͻһЦľүүڴˣ˫С
һ󺰣˫ӳǣľغּҵ飬죬òΪ֪µľƣӷԼӷܣԼԣܸĴۣҪӷġ
Ѿ˳֣˫ӳǵҪֵ֮һǳ
һľأǳӷ绹ҪšʱȻֱӳԱš
ˣһС¾ͿˣԶ֡
˵ͷ˵סľصʵΪ˷ǳƻǳӷ磬ν˫ۡΪһʱĴ⣬ˣҼҹӣǾԲŹġ
ǡסԸΪƴȫ뵽ʱǰԼ䡣
ЩһΪģֻԼδȴûȥ룬ǵδ˫أ档
Ҷ˷ںڰӵУľؽļңҶ˷˵Ǽһǰֻ͵ڱ˵ĵһѽ
ǲҪ˵ôˣȻľѾе˵עȫȥˣǾԼɡ
šȥ˳֮ҿɾͰﲻˡڵ㣬ֻǸͨˣû˿ȻⰢǻԪǿħΧ»˵رϣܾ콫ӷҪĶɡ
˵Ȼ֪Ǹͨˣȥ·ĵʱɲ̡Ҳܱ֤ʲôʱһ֤ӷҪĶΪѾӷһ˵սˣ˵սľضѾʶ㣬ѵҰƻʶ𡣡
ľظӷͷģ֮ǰԸӷߣҲֻΪľõˡӷʧˣľػȥͶ˫Ӵۡľȫͬľû뵽ӷΪڻǷ磬˫֮ڣȫ˫Ӵ۵һӷǧ˫ӴãľأҲǵһġϾľ˫Ӵ۽Ӵ˫Ӵ۶ľصӰҲʮģһˣ˫ӴۿܻŹ
˫Ӵۻ˳ӷ磬˳ӷ磬͵Ҫľصˣ
˵ľѾ¶˾ģΪԼӷˣֻΪ˱סԼѡ
˫Ӵʶľܲҵ
ڵİҲһȻľض¶ѵߣ壬ҲѾͶ˵ϼ壬ȫѾȥˣΪԼ壬ҲҪȫԸ
ʲôߡ
Ҷ˷Űһ·ſڶȥľҲۿȥʱŷ
ˣѾˣһΨһһˣӦе³ˡ
ʱ֮䣬ǧѾȫΧһֵҲѾľ߿ˡ
֮ĸ߿֮У˫ӣĶվڳߴľء
òϣľȻʵƣǣȴǷǳǿģֻˣȴӵ˵Ƹǣѵѽ
û뵽СС磬һӷ֮⣬Ȼеڶӵ˵Ƹǡ
ıžģȴʮֵȡֻϧľصʵ̫ûӷսһ
үүľء˫СҪͷβģүүֻ𡣼ȻˣǾͷɣүүǳǧҲǹˡ
ľһȻڼٵΧȫеһĵϸǵħΪʲôһ֮ôأ
ѾǰҲľİ֮һħףһѵһƣһ͵ħʿ
㣬ľأ
ʵ
вգүүң䣬ĳ޵У嫺Ӿްҹ磬ľأ
ԱŶһ֣ٶӸƺţҲŵġľأֱӾͱĸţǰ滹һ䣬вաݣҲ̫˵ɣ


3061 ľԱ
ǧΧľؽ˵ǲѷˣǳ۽е֮һǳһֵ̳ģϾħޡڳ۵ĽУħΪǿģֻһⰢǻԪ磬ҲֻУңǵʵ޼ɵߣľأǾԲʲôطվסŵġϽ˫ӴۻȨЦ´ɳ󣬸˶ʿȻҪľسɱģ
˶ҴʵԼ֮ϵľһŶûУǵƸǣӷ˫ʱ˵ǲµġô˵Ǹӷ綷ôõǳһֵ̳Ĵ£Ҳѽβ㽫ӷ˾Ⱦ棬Ȼܸһһ¾ͱˡ
ɱϵļңľؾͻ᳹׵ķ񣬲Ҫĸǧ￪սҲķݣľزɵϣɵϣʮֵĴҲǳաڵľѾˣǾԴ򲻹ģȻ򲻹ǾͱҪ취ܣ
Ⱦ֮£ȰΧ֮ڣʣľʲô취أ

û򣬾ľΨһ·֣ǴԼǲҪɱԼǾɱɣֻҪֵܵסǰĹô˵һɶԼľģرԼƼ֮Щһԣ֮䣬ܽԼɱͬģԼҲ֮䣬Ѱҳһ·
ڳһֻѾϾҪˣֻҪһ´Χľصͻ϶֡
ҡɱ
Ѿ´ͷĽҲ֪Լʱַһħһľض˹ȥ
ħγһ޴ħֱӾʹľصؿڡڣһ͵ħʿǹ͵ģԣĹܸľ˺ͬʱĹ֮£ľҲǿԻġֵʱ򣬵ľسŽһ֮󣬾ȻԭأһҲ˿ûл˼
ۡ
һѪľصĿ˳ľصɫʱĲ԰ףһֻԼؿڣ˫۾˺ӣĶŹĽ죬죬ΧΧˣһķë
Ҫ֪˫ΧľأһоԵİսľظɱġľؽһһֱ飬Щһ﷢ë֪ľصֱжôؿ¡
ѵЩνǿߣ̶ֻ𣿡
ľزȴǲҪһ̣Щһ̶˼˵ֻȳ̶ȵĹɱӣǵİȥɡ
Сӣͷ˵ӲǸӷһģ˻ˣҽ˵ˣЦˣҪģֻҪһʬ塣
˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ľضʮҲѾ˵ּǵһһžεĻʹߣһЦļһң˫ࡣ
ãһУһ죬ľһᷭĻǵġ˫ӴҲãʲôҲգľǼˡģҶ˷Ʋɱƫƫɱңֵֹģ
ɱ
ǽһ£عľصɲˣʮһ𹥻ľϽȫħȫľ츳ѾתΪħ˶󹥻ľǻһħҪħһֵĹֵֻϧ˵̫ǿ̫࣬ʮȻʮϰٸһ𹥻ˡ
ҹ

һǿҵĺڹ⣬ľصͷ֣ڹľصȫγһǿķ
ɣͳͳɡ
ľصļңúܶ˶ȥˣСӣ̫񣬱ҪϽǲ˵һ仰һˡ
ȫȺϰ˵ĹȴҪҵȳ̶ȣ˵ҪɱңҿһͳͳǷһȺûõķ
ľǸ춼ܲסˣֱǰҪ֣Ӻ˹ȫ¡
ҪԶȻڳӷǰʲôϾӷǧġɶľ˵вѽ
ľȻҲĳδͷˣղҲѾǽ˵ˡֵĻԼǱɵġ
£ľص֮Ȼľ֪ҲԼܵʱ
һŮˡ˫˾ôû𣬳ǧɱңڻҪһŮֲɣ
ǽľصĻˣ˵ˣСӾȻҿ˫ˣɡ
˽һۣ˵˵£û𣿡
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ľЦȻֻһŮ˵ʲôհ졣ӣҲʲô˫ˣй͹ɡ
ľأұɡΪ˵лҼҹ˾µһԺĸ㣬¶ģǱˣǳӷ硣
ǰ飬˵Ļľһŵġͬˣ˵¶Լǳӷ磬ԼҲŵġ
Щ͹ɵ棬ѵľҲ𡣳ӷڻҪҵôܽҸ¶ˡ
ȷӷ粢֪Ҷ˷ҲߣҲǸˣԣܿԮֻľһˣɵԼΨһԮ¶أǸɱʲôֱ
֮£ӷȻܻᱩ¶㡣ǱҼҹӸ׳أ
׳ģ
ľܵôĹɫѾˣĻľǿűͲƽģһε
ܣȻ˿׳ӷĻһǽӷΨһԮ׳ˡģ˫ӻʹӷŸɵĻһôء
֮ǰľظҶ˷Ѿµӷ˫ӻʹ˶֣˵һ׳ӷ绰Ķ֣Ҳδ̫˰ɣ
ôľأӦ֪ӷԵģһô˰ɡҼҹҪͲУˣǳӷ绹㣬мܵסġӷ緽棬Ҽҹӻģ㣬һɡ
Уȥһ·һġ֣ǿһ˿ûˡ
ľزվˣҪ취С
취ѽ취ֻһȴҪǳĴۡ
һ˫һЦ죬һ󣬽죬ǽľرƵ˵ز˵Ǿǰӷ綷ӷҲûԼƵ˵زģ֮𣬽ˡһӵţٻʱһҪһجΪ顣
ɱңԱҲЩ͹óѵġ
ԱľҪԱǾԲܣҲ˵ԱľΨһ·
޴ĺߣӦ˵һ޴ĺľصϷľصħޡˣľʱ˳ƶϾţڵħޣȻһҪˡνġĶأֻ˵Ķ񶾰ˡ
һĶ񶾵˽³𣬴𣬻ûܽ׻ɱǽôĺǸŻɽҲûзֱ𣬽ģ

ԭľҪԱԼħܡֻҪħ޲ľؾͲҲľΨһ·ˡ֮ҪҵһʺԼͷǳˡ
ãҪԱħܡȫǣԲˡ
¡һ䣬ľһӡ֮䣬ͼľص壬ȫÿһλһѺۡ漴һıը˫ӳǣζ
ǽܵǿıըȻǿԻζ˫ӳǵıըܣȼСɫԱôܻ˾޴ĻζȫǶζˣ
ϻǸСɫҼҹӻʦڵɱǳӷΨһԮҲǸʲôͨСɫˣҼҹӴ޴鷳ġϷȫǣɳɱħޡ


3062 Цʧ
Ҷ˷ս͵ſڣһ޴ıը漴˫ӳǶζ
ǼһѵһΣ˵Ĺͷӣ˫Ǳ߿еˡ
˲֪ľˣӷҶ˷磬ƶʮġǿǸгرģһһļһΣ±˶Ϊˣͷأֻһַʽһݳ֣ұʵҲͻȻ䱩ǰľصıų۰ģò˵ûĻûµĻ˭Ҳûá
˵ڲҪħ޲ᱻɱġҳǣȻȥӷͷ
áһ·ϾԼСˡڿʼûܰ㣬ǷܻŻͿԼˡ
䣬Ҷ˷Űֱӷ˳ţ漴ͷ˻
һڳ֮⣬һڳ֮ڣûȥͬʱҹգֻľصħ֣һ޴ĺڹ⣬ҹһӰǸϵ֮ľصħѾʧˣӰҲ𽥵ʧ
Ǻڴ´γֵʱ򣬻ʲôݳ֡Կ϶ǣƢԸ˵һ֣˫ͽپ޴鷳
Ҷ˷˵꣬پֱӳ˫ӻʹȥƣҲѾ˫ӳϷȥˣڽϣһʲôʱһ𣬸˫˫Ӵ۶ŸɣȥԤ⡣
ҹеˣľصħˣǽйû뵽Լ˳ǧΧɱľأһһĿļһɵ󣬻ˡ
ˣڸô죿
ܶѾˣȥʲôطҲû֪ӣʧˡ
̾˿˵û뵽ļһһ治ʡ͵ĵơһӷ磬˫ӻʹɱһľأô˵Χɱ¾ȻܵҪôȥӽ
ЦһҪľɱġڣľԱķʽħˣû뵽ġ
ˣȻѾˣǾ͵´λɡһġ
ߵɢȥ˫ӻʹ֮ڣӷڱĹ֮⣬Ʒ˫ӻʹеĲ衣
˿̣һӰĴ˽ΧѾûκ˿ˣӷҲ֮ǰΪֻ֮Ҫ뿪ʹȥʲôطС
ӣѾˡ
ӷ罫еĲ豭£˵
ӰڳӷǰʱĿЦ졣
ôˣһ࣬Ϣȴܵӷɣ߳ӷһϢģԳӷǻϢЦ˵ǸϢ
ľصʵ˵ɳ˳ǧҵ˴ӣã㻹ܻ𣿡
δء
ӷһ㶼ĵӣЦһʱ俴͸ӷˡΪЦ쿴ľǳӷΨһԮ˵ľصİȫӷӦ÷ڵһλŶԣΨһԮˣǳӷͳɹ¼ҹˡ
ѵ治ģ
ΪʲôҪģȻ֪ɱбҪ𣿡
ģ
Ц죬Ҹľضô꣬жٴҪɱǻ˽졣ûⰢǻԪ˵˫˵Ҫɱһˣһʮɵ飬ҲҪ˶ġʲôˣ˵ɱɱ˵ġ
Ц˳ӷĶ棬һԲεʯʯʣӷ罫һ豭Цǰ˵Լ֣ʳ
ЦԾԵһ裬˵Ǻòѽֻϧȣ̫Զˡ
ѽǲ裬ҲһġˣǸ˲һȲ˵ңľأҲ˵ǴӵġݺᵺܵУĺǵˣ֮⣬ʲô³һ˴ұҪ㣬ÿ˯ʱõĶɼǿĴǰͷʲôʱ򱻿Ķ֪
ӷ磬֪緽棬ܸͬһεģҲֻˣһľأһҶ˷硣Ҷ˷ȥˣľعͷϾҪǰˣʱ˵ĻúܿЦ𣡡
ЦȷǿЦЦ˵ˣǳӷǰͷڣˣȴΪһߣֻǵڣӷ綼֪Ҷ˷Ҳ˫ӳǶѡ
ӷЦһ˵ˣѾˡһɱﶼûɢȥҺҲңãʲôϢ𣿡
ӷ绰䣬ѾЦߡ
Ц쿴һ۳ߵʵͷأ
ɫѿͷȥЦģ˵ӣԲ𣡡
ʲôܰɡôȥȻˣ

ӷЦһ˵˵ʲôţʲôˣǶɱ˵ġ
˵Աħˡǣû׷ϣ
ЦվٴȥˣȻľûڳӷóӷЦ
һ¡
ЦתҪߣӷ˵ãľ´γֵʱʲôأԱھͱҪҵһʺҶ˽⣬ǲҸʺġ˵ͻߵˡ
ЦЦлѣԼСĵġҵͷҲôÿġ


3063 ڶԮ
Цߣɽ͹ˡ֮ǰڵĶֱӾ;˫ӳˣȻҲ˫ӻʹڡĻζɽһʱ֪ЦǱ߶ԳӷԮˡ˵ӷڰǻԪ緽ûΨһһԮ˵ǳӷˣԮ£ǾͽֱӰ쵽ӷ硣ϾҪһ䣬˫ĶǲеģҪ綯ֽţȲ˵ģ˫ӳڵ壬һص㡣Ҳ˵ǳӷ֮ǰļƻı䣬ҲҪģ壬Ǽп˫ӴصһơΪھ˫ӻҶѾ¶ˮ棬ȴûС֮ǰ˫Щ˫ӻҵĳԱ̬߱˵ӿ϶˳ӷĲ롣
Ԯˣ
ɽżɽʵ
ҲԾܣǺġֻ΢ǣǼһҲ̫ðˡʵ벻ֻͨҪ˫ӦúɾܳѽΪʲôҪ˫ײأҪԱ
ȷǳӷ벻ͨģľؿɲһ嶯ˣЦɳ˫ȥɱһǾͱضľظƱģһʲôԾĵط㲻취ȥҲӦҸȫĵط˫ҵŶѽΪʲôľҪ˫أ㵽ûˣ
;ʲôɡǸľϷҲ˵ʱܶ飬ȷһˣԲֳ嶯ġԣΨһĿܣΪڻܣ
ڻܣɾǰˣ֮ǰǸҲֻ˵ľԱħˣûᵽƣľˣʲôʱ˵ĴˣȻΪڻһƸ֮ĴۣȫͲľصѽɳ֮⣬ӷ绹벻ĿˡϾֻаһ֪ʲôطľҲѾʶҪĸӷһԿ˫Ӵۣһӷǧ˫ӴһжˣˣľȫҪ̸ʲôؽǾ飡
˵ҲԣϣǼһһοɱ浹ùҪҵʺϵҡ
ӷ̾˿˵ʵûиľؽͷ֮ǰӷ粻κεĶֹܷס壬巽棬ӷ͵һ޴ĺ֮ǣ֮ǿǾģ˫Ӵ۲ڣµ˫ӻʹûܶԼô֮ǰǸ߱ʵӷǼʶˡֻɳһԱ˵ʵ˵ļ߹ڵĴڣʵǿһôĵزˡ
ԮҪУ巽棬Ҫ˸ɳľ֮⣬˭ǿԸ巽أ
֪Ӧðƣһ취ˣڵã˿ã
ӣֻȴ˫ӻʹڲˡɽûв鵽ȱľλã
Ѿ鵽ˣ˫Ӵ۵޹֮¡һˮΣȾͱ
ŶȻ˫Ӵ۵޹֮¡ӣ˫Ӵ˯ûҪǼһһԿšǲ˵ҪȥˮΣͱ˫Ӵ۵޹룿
û޹ʲôطҪԼȥˡˣǲȥġ
ȥˣƾҪˮ֮ˡǸȣҲԲ˿ġ
ǻʲôϾȥɡ

ӷ罫еĲ豭飬Ҳʱ΢΢ת䣬ʧȥ֮ǰֵǣһ˿ϣ
ҵľǰ壬ôʱ䣬ͱΪ룬ڻһͨˣԭҪڻ㣡
ӷģĺһڲ裬ɽɫҲȻһ䣬˵ϷȻû֣Ǳˡ
ȷȷǱˣȴսã
ȻˣǾɡ
ӷ绰䣬ͼһӰӺڰл֣ߣҶ˷硣
˭ɽʵ
ǰĵˣҶ˷硣
ɽû˵Ҷ˷磬ϸһ£˵Ҷ˷磬һ֮һ
ۣ
ӷ绹ûƺţʵ˵
㣬ľأҶ˷硣Ϊʵ˫ӴѾ˵ˣ˫ӴħǱ߰µʱ򣬶ʮ֮ߡҲ˵Уӷ粻һǿһ֮ڵһΪĺܱǿĶ࣬ҲΪؼġ
˫Ӵ۵˼˵һ̵ֱģҸ׸ǰɣ
ȷ˼Ȼ˫Ӵ˵ԼһֲˬҶ˷磬ľأ㶷ôã˵֮£˵Ҳ֮£
ɽתҡ
ɽЦһҶ˷˵˵ʵҲû˼ıƣսթӵֻ𡣡
Ϸһ˵ģرˡӷ磬ʵںܶʱ򣬸ͲҪȥ˵ۣʣĸ磬ĳĴУһۣۣսթıƵġҪǣǧҪƴˣֻҪһǾһ·
ɽ˵һ㶼ûʲôطգΪֻۣҪգթıƣĵ㵽λˣκβĻǾǾԵĵʲôطʤߣ


3064 ʼˣ
ˣڿɲǿҸҵʱһôˣЩʲô£ҲãҲգȻкۡڼȻҶ˷ˣҲȥҲٵĺ֮ǡ
ʵľظҶ˷˵ӷ绹ѡҶ˷ģֶҲ£ͬʱҲиԵȱ㣬ľǸгرͲݵļһҶ˷ǸҪӻļһڣʱʵ˵ȱ㣬Ҳ࣬ǰҶ˷磬һζȥʲôˣҶѾͶ˳ˣܶ飬Ҷ˷Ҳˣ
ӷ磬ҽ㣬Ҳľءѻ٣ڶʱˣ巽飬ֻӦҲ˫ӴֵΪӴǸ壬ӴأȲ˵϶ʲôֽţҪҳǸ壬µңҲǰ첻ġ
ģ֮ǰɱ˫Ӵ۵һѾˣҲѾɳǧֹȥǸˣ֮ǧֹϵġ⣬ɱǸպμҵˣڵμѾסˣҲһ취Ҫҳûᡣ֮ǰĻᱻ˫ӴۿˣڣҪһˣȥ֮ǰ˵񡣴μ֣ȫĵС
ӷ⻰ɽеͷʹ壬ôĴѽӷȻҶ˷һˣУ˵ʵɽǻԪԣǶǲܵġҶ˷ܽеĻ˫ӴۣҲûˣ
ӷ磬ǲҪٿһ¡Ҫͬʱ֣ǾԲܡ
ӷЦЩ˿϶ܣţҶ˷ľأһܱܽɿܡ
ɽû뵽ӷȻҶ˷ӣ֮ǰභУҶ˷Ҳûٸӷѹѽ򣬳ӷ˵˿϶Ļ
ܸҶʱ䣿Ҷ˷ûƴǣҲû˵첻Ҫģֻʱˡ
ʱ䣬ԼաҪ֪ڵңѾǻˣκη棬Ҷ޷ȥƿأܸǣ˫Ӵ۳֮ǰ
Ҷ˷˵Ӧ˵˫Ӵۻ֮ǰ
ʲô˼
ѵ㻹Ϊ˫ӴڱչʨӴۣӵǧѵûо˫ӴѾ˫ӻʹ֮𣡡
˫ӻʹ֮ڣ
ӷɽ໥һۣⲻѽ˫Ӵ۲˫ӻʹʲôطڱչ취Լǧ֮£ôܻ뿪˫ӻʹġ
Ҷ˷ûֱӸ߳ӷ磬Լо˫Ӵ뿪ģ˵ǳӷһţҶ˷Ҫóӷ֪ҲλʨӴûֵѽȥɣ
ӷɫһѿ˵ȷ⼸˫Ӵ۶û֣ҽĻȨ·ŸЦ죬ֻǱչصĻûҪ·ŻȨѽѵ˫ӴĲڻʹˣ
ǸоڣôоģҾͲˡ
ӷ翴Ҷ˷磬һԼǵı飬ӷơ
Ҷ˷磬ûյ飬Ӧòôֱ˵ڲǡǲǿ˫Ӵ뿪˫ӻʹģ
ûУ˵ˣֻǸоѡ
Ҷ˷˵ҾͲ㣬Ҽ㣡
ɽ˵˫Ӵ治ڻʹȥʲôط
ӷ˵ץˡ
ץ˭
֮ǰҵСӡǸӵȫһֵĳаʡ
аʣ
Ҷ˷ʵǳҵˣ
ţ˵ģȴû
⵹˼ˡǳҵˣӾȻûǸаʶ˫Ӵ۲вѽ˫ӴǲԳġ
Ҷ˷ɲҴҶ˷磬Լ˵˫ӴѾԳˣ⻹ۿ˫Ӵ뿪˫ӻʹ뿪˫ӳ
ȻҶ˷Ҳ̫֣Ӳ˵仰ڸ߳ӷ磬Լȷۿ˫Ӵ۳ȥˡ
Ҷ˷磬ڰʱҲһľǱߵһľصϢ취һгаʵСӣǷǳҪһ䵽˫Ӵ۵˫Ӵ۸ͲҪҵǧҲͬԽȫɱ
ʲô˼ǣȫˣ
ȫֻһֶѣǸаʵ˫ӴԳֻΪһСɫһΪȫһ֡˫Ӵ۵õае֣һа취ҵ汻ҵҲûҪȥˣȫɣ
ţˡҾԼȥˣǱ㲻õģߵ鴦þˡʲôµĻ취ϵңҲÿζǱ˫ӻʹġ
õġԼҲСһ㡣Ǿͷͷ£˫Ӵۻ֮ǰ˫һѵ䡣
Ҷ˷ûٶ˵ʲôһ֣ǿɾ鷳ˡ
Ҷ˷뿪֮󣬳ӷ˵ɽ󣬽ߣҲͷ¡ȥܾۼȫȴЦ췢֣һ֣ͻᵱϵĽۼЩˣͳͳĨɱңȥǸĹʦȳǵʱɲ࣬޶ľһѣһ֮ڣߵҪȳǱߵˣҲһҪܵľۼ
ҾɣϾܶˣΪԲͬԭ򲻸վġ
ǾҪʤͱȫԸһ㶼ܱ
ǺðɡϷᾡȫġ
˶٣ɽ˵ӷ磬ϷѣԼǵļ壬лˡһսʤǣѣ


3065 ˫ӻʺ
ʮӷʲôûʮԵʮֵʵŶûʵڸտʼڣ˫ӻҵĳԱеΪӷڼƻʲôٹ󣬳ӷһ㶯ûУ˫ӻҵĳԱ˾ģΪӷڹ̵ʱʵ˫Ӵ۳غһս
Ȼӷ粻ܻʵģΪڵʵûʲôֱ𣬱ϾѾ֪˫Ӵ뿪˫ӳǣȥץóаȥˣһ˫Ӵ۵õ˳аʵĽǾһҵļĲ֣ӷҪץʱ䣬˫Ӵۻ֮ǰ˫ǣӷŻĵĵȴʮ죬˫ӻҵĳԱĳ׷ӷſж
ˡ
ûӷҪľǾˣǸĹʦȳΪԼһͬʱʮڣ˫ӻʹҶ˷磬ʹڵɽҲѾͷˣӷ粢ûȥǣҶ˷磬ӷǷģȻӦ˵飬һģûҶ˷ǺûӵġɽҪ˫ڲһЩۼվǱߣЦŸɹҲǼɵģΪµľưӷѾΪ˫Ӵ۵Ľ˵ںܶ˶ԣӷʨӴѾˣҪʱȥ£ˣҪ˫ڷչһƬȫµľƣǾҪúõ
峿ӷ߳ĹһǴҡڵ˫ӻʹڵ䣬˶ȴûһ˸ȥġЦɱģ˫ӻҸȫֹˣֱһɷ˭˭
ϵʱ򣬳ӷѾʼ׼ˣҹʱӷǱ˫Ӵ۵޹֪Ϊ˫Ӵ۲ڣ޹Ҳ˿أΪûǸҪ˭󵨵ܵ˫Ӵ۵޹ȥļҲԼ޹ģûõ˫Ӵ۵֮ǰ˭޹벽
еر𣬵ӷ˫Ӵ۵޹ãͼһˣһһŮˣĴţһŮ˺ǲһϴŵǷۣһġŮȴμҵá
ӷ޹ķ֮ϣԼ֮ŮˣŮ˺޹ѰʲôƵģӷҲڻԼʹʶȥ̽ЩˣڳӷԺУûŮ˵Ĵѽ
һ£˫Ӵ۵ĻǸԼɱμģҲ˵μĽ֮ϣһӦ˵˫Ӵ۵ĻʺѵŮˣ˫ӻʺǵĻΪʲôҹ˫Ӵ۲ڵʱܵ޹Ѱʲôأ
ӷԽԽ֣͵ôܣ˫ӻʺбҪ͵͵һ£ʲôòġ
ʲôˣ
ӷ˫۸һתͻȻ˫ӻʺͬһʱȻ̧ͷɣӷ籩¶ˣ˫ӻʺˡ
ȻѾˣӷҲ͸ɴ£Ҳʲô飬ҽ͵ûҲû㡣
ӷ硣
ӷֱӱԼݣ˫ӻʺ󳤵ʵֻһ㣬μĸԶԶģ㲻һƽŮˣ˫Ӵôʺ
ʨӴۣ
ûû´ĻӦ˫Ӵ۵Ļʺɣ
۹⻹ǲġ˵ɣôˣܵ۵޹ʲô
仰ҲɡȻﲻã˫ӻʹһЩػ֪ġ˫Ӵ۲ڣܽҿӸʲô
˫ӻʺɫ΢΢˱仯˵㲻±ɱ𣿡
˫Ӵ۶ɱңƾʲôɱң
ѽ˫Ӵһɱˣǲɱӷǧ˫Ӵ۲Ź
ӷ磬ȷɱ㡣죬ҲԵû㣬ֻҪ㲻ϵ˵ȥ
Ŷе˼ҸղҲġȻ㶼Ѿ˵ˣһ֪޹ڣʲôֵҵġ
飬۶ܣܵ𣿡
ӷһЦ˵ҿͲҶİɣ˵ġ
ʵӷֻ̽һ˫ӻʺˣû뵽˫ӻʺȻһһĻûеŮˣӷôһֱ̽Ӿʵô֪
Ȼ˵ģûѽǣҵˣӷҪȵģͬһˡ
ҪȰɣ
ҲתĨǣȻѾ²ˣǾֱʰɣһûĻŮˣҲ治ʲôС


3066 ã
˫ӻʺ˶ԭأӷ˵ʱǱ飬˷츲صı仯·һ䲻ܳԼеĻ㣬˶
ɱǿңԵǳӷĻ˫ӻʺѾҪɱˡȲ˵˫ӻʺܲɱ˳ӷ磬ɱˣһ֣ضᾪʿġ
ôֲ¶𣿡
ӷֳһҺܴӣ˫ӻʺȻԼ෽Ĳ룬ȴװһ˵Ƶġ
ӷûп͸ĵ֮Բ˫ӻʺȵģΪ˫޹ڣһ֮⣬Ͳ˫ӻʺҪĶˣĶֻҪһ仰Ȼ˸͹ȥõ˫Ӵ۵ıĻҪı˫ӴȻʱģҲģ˲ܻõĵӷǧ˫ӴۣǳӷѾץˣ˫ӴҲòȥ취С
ô֪ģ
˵ʵûĻŮˣԶǿɰģòô˷ĵϲŮ˲˫ӻʺĻǳӷҲԸѡ
µѽӣǲˡ
ԣ㲻ܲµ˭ģĿǸһġ
Ȼ˫ӻʺȵģǾĹƣ˵˫ӻʺ֮Ĺϵǳ˫ӴʹһñӶ֪
˵ҲûҵȷȵġĿǸһġһ໨һʱ䣬úңɼȻλ˫ӻʺҲȵģǾͲ˷ҵʱˡң޹ˮʲôط
˫ӻʺȲܳӷΪʲôЦã֪Ļҹ͵͵𣿡
ѽ˫ӻʺ֪ˮεڣͲӷˣֱ֮Ӵˮεȥ͵
治֪
Ҫƭ㣬Ҳ˵Щ޹ѾεѰˣһֱûҵ
εѰҶûҵ޹ҲǺܴѽεѰң֪ܽ޹׳ٴˣôڶҲء
û㣬ʲô
ӷһ£Ǳ˫Ӵ۸ģ˫ӻʺȻ˫Ӵ۵Ůˣûȥһ˫ӴѽӣУڣ˫ӴҲ֪£Ҳ˵ӷס˫ӻʺһܣһܱ˫Ӵ֪ܣȻˣԼԼȵԭ˫ӻʺҲ˵ȥġ
ȻΪ˶Ը˫ӴˡѵֻΪһ¾Ĺʦɡ
ȰԸ˫Ӵۣ
û˫ӴҸȹͬĵˣⰢǻԪ磬ĿǰõģҲֻˣ˫ӴдʵҲѡ񡣡
ǿҪʧˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪѾ˫ӴֽŽȫǸˡ
˵仰ʱ˫ӻʺԳһʹ࣬ʹ࣬ȴֶ԰˵ģ·ʧȥһ˰㡣ӷ֪ƴţѶʱҲֱ飬Դ˫ӻʺڵıӷжϣ֮䣬ǰˡ
˰ɣ
˫ӻʺһ㶣û뵽ӷⶼܲµҲһǲµģΪϣԼ֮⣬Ͳеڶ֪ԼܣԼ֮ĹϵԼű˫ӴɱԼ˶һ٣ֱ죬˫ӻʺʱ뱨ģȴûǸֻİ취ӽ˫ӴˣΪ˫ӻʺҲֻǸɺϰˡ
֪Ϊʲô˫ӴǱ߻ħʱ򣬻Կӷ磬㲻ΪʨӴۣҲΨһһܸ˫Ӵۿ֮ˡ˵ûҴ硣
˼˼ȸ˫ӴŲ֮֮𣬿ӣȴΪ˫Ӵ۵Ļʺ󣡡
ܶ飬ǰ㡣ҵľҲ벻ġȻҲҴģϣǿԺ
ûǸҪȣҪңȻãҰ㣬Ҳ͵ڰԼ
а취ҵˮεڣ
㶼ôҲûҵǲһ¾ҵġȴ֪ڣһ޹ĳط
㵽ʲô˼
ħû´ĻǸˮΣӦ˫Ӵħһħ󣬼ȻħȻˣֻҪǸħֳˡ
˫ӻʺʱһ·Ȼ˵Ϊʲôǰû뵽㣡


3067 Źţ
Ȼ˫ӴûɱȣֻǽǾ˵ȶ˫Ӵ˵Ŵôģֻǵڣ˫Ӵۻûʱ
Ȼһ˫Ӵдôˣ˫ӴôܻὫһˮ֮У˵ˮһ򵥣ɽ˵ǰ㣬ֻ˫Ӵ۵޹֮µģ
ħǳӷһʱ뵽ģ˫ӻʺζûҵˮεڣ˵޹µˮθûνڵģһħγɵˮΣֻҪǸħֳͿԽˮˣ
˫Ӵû뵽˽ʱգȻ˼ǵһȣǸ˶ȥע⡣Ϊ̵ǣ˳ӷ֮⣬һҪȳȵģȻ˫Ӵ۵Ļʺ治֪˫Ӵ֪ĻʺõĻôı顣
ħָ˫Ӵô꣬Ŷ˫Ӵ۵ħӦú˽ɣ
ӷɲ֪˫Ӵôħȥˮεģ֪Գӷ籾ħ˵ҲƵ˫Ӵ۵ħѽ
˫ӻʺͬȲ˵ʵɣ˫Ӵô꣬Ǽ屻֮ĲãͳΪ˫ӻʺ˫Ӵôã˫Ӵ۵ħȻΪġ
һ°ɡҪѳ˵ǰ棬ҽħֳ㲻ȱһˮΡˮŵģǱĴ磬Ҫȷİȫܽȥ
㲻˵Ѿ˫Ӵ۸𣡼ȻѾˣǺİȫԡ
ϾôˣҲ˽ҴӲ֪ô˫Ӵ۶ҴЩʲô㲻ӦĻǱеǻңȴûʱˡ˫Ӵ취ǧһ뵽취Ǿڡ
˵˫ӻʺҲ̫߹˫Ӵ˰ɣҲ̫Сǧ˰ɡǧôױ˫ӴģΪʲôҪչȥء
ӷʱ򲻻Ὣ˫Ӵ۲˫ӳǵ˫ӻʺŮ˻뷨һʱҪ뿪Լǰ˼£Ҳ̫˰ɡΪҪǣ֮⣬ӷ绹벻»ʲôܰԼ˫Ӵۻ֮ǰһ˫ġ
ʵνĹʦ֮࣬ģǹŻ֮İˣֻЩɵĵŻԼ߰ʲôʦǵʨ۶ܸ˸ߵۣҲһħʦǾ˵ʦһĹʦͬģҲھʱʦΪһ˥ŬŰɡ
ôӷҪȼȵ棬ܴȵеһȥ˽һôˡֻҪ汾£ɽ˵ǰ㣬ǸӷҲһģһ뾡һа취ȥã
µ˫û֪ȱˮθôɣҲ˵ӷ罫ȸȳֻҪ˫Ӵ۲κ֪Ѿ˵ġͬģʱӷ߶һˣֻҪ˲˫˫ӻʵϵвԳӷ֮ǰɱλҲ̫һ˷ɡҲ˵ȳ֮󣬳ӷԹȥõģһϵķˣžЦ죬ҲԵġ
˫ӻʺ˿Ѿħû̫ˣȻᾪʹڵЩǿߵģһǿ߷˫Ӵ۵޹ɢħͻΪ˫ӴѾˣʱǰӭӵģͽ˫˫ӻҵǿɲǼ¡
ӣ˫ӻʺȻûĻҲǸ֪ôȥô顣
ֻ˫ӻʺһ⣬Ľһ𣬲ͣ޹ɢɢһĳ̶֮ٽľ£
ܿ죬ӷѾ޹мλãһԲεţԲεϣȻһԵͼ
ʲô
˫ӻʺħֹͣԲΰŵĳ֣Կ϶ˮεڣ˫Ӵ۵ħ󣬵ǰԵͼȴǴδġ
ҰͼڰǻԪûеģĶ
㶮
԰ɣ˫Ӵۣôİħڵġ
ӷǰߵǰһ£žһ̶ˮ㣬һĲơ
ͬʱڲƳֺϣֳ˾ŸӣŸСһ״һĸӡ
ʲô
˫ӻʺû뵽˫Ӵ۾ȻôŹֵĶԼ˫Ӵô꣬ЩԼǴδѽ
ǾŹ˺Һ棬ķħһħħ󣬽޹׸ΪҪҵŹԣҪСһй¶Ǿͻ鷳ˡ
ָģʲô
Ϊұ˫Ӵ۵ħ󣿻ǽŹԵħ󡣵ȻҪˣ
۵ҿɵסħҲᱻ߽ġ
ģһƺֻҪסħ󣬾Ҫħ߽ˡ
˫ӻʺһ£ǾȳԼΨһ취ˣԼĻѾҵˮεڣƲ˫ӴŹֵħҲûõѽ
ãҾ
ЩˣôϲҪģǾԵȫ첻Ļ;Ȳ硣
˫ӻʺû˵һ仰ֱ޹֮ڣʮħ󣬽˷ȫ
ʼɡ
ӷ˵ͷò˵˫ӻʺʵ湻ǿģħ󣬾Ѿţˣ˫ӻʹ֮ڣûĶ֡ȣټһ˫ӻʺöԸԼĻⳡ˫䣬ͻ°빦ġ
ҲôʱȾȲʲôǿ롣
ӷüģһ⣬֮ڣһͷų漴ӷȫ˲֮һǲű񷶦ȫ˳
˿̵˫ӻʺѾоһɾ޴ѹѹѾʹˣħҲѾ΢΢
ǲ񷶦
˫ӻʺ˵۵ʮۣ˫Ӵ֮⣬ĶӵйǧҲΪǿǰֻ˵죬ǵһμ
ǰʱ˫ӻʺ󶼲֪˫ӴٴйǧˣҲ˽⣬ǧ˫ӴжôĿ󣡵òĶǲģģٷѾҲǵòġ
ӷȽ񷶦һȴ޷ħֺ
ӣ˫Ӵۻħ϶˺ֽܴѽΪ񷶦Ѿ㹻ˣû뵽
ӷ̾˿ȻһǾɡ
ʥ޼Ҳ˳һֱӾ߽˫ӻʺһħ
˫ӻʺԼħһ룬ʮħ󣬵ӷǱߵԽԽǿ󣬵󣬳ӷ罫ȫˡ
˵ħѾȫ߽ˣ˫ӻʺȴûȫ߽⣬֮£ȻԲͣħ󣬿ɼ˫ӻʺʵҲǿľѽ
ö˵ʵΪȣؾ͸˰ɣɽϻûк˵ģӷҲǾԵšֻǳӷ粻ܿ϶ǣ˫ӻʺʵȫļ壬Ҳȵļ壬һǿ˫Ӵ۲أ
ʵ˵ʵӷ绹˫Ӵ۰˫ӻʺӵеʵΪĻʱ˫ӻʺȶվԼߣ˫Ӵ۵ı飬һѿġ
ˡڿʼջҲ𽥵ĳħɣͬһʱ䣬еȫɢȥŹţͻԶˡ
ӷѾŹŵȫƽˣֻҪеʧŹţͻԶӷ˫ӻʺ󣬾Ϳ޼ɵĽˮˡ


3068 ʺ
ӷ˫ӻʺ˵ͬһʱջأŹţҲѾ״ˡ
˫ӻʺԶǵģԼȫұɱʱĲҾǸʱԼǱҲܻ졣ôȥˣÿÿʱȫҵĲҾ磬˫ӻʺĶһʹʹȴֻԼһ֪ܸκˣӲ˫Ӵ֪ԼҲ·һĻᣬûˡ
ûôˣԴӽ˫ӻʹ֮󣬾һֱڴԼ䣬ò׵֪ԼĴ类˫Ӵ޹֮µˮΣЩԼȴˮεڶҲ˫ӴͬôãʧѽҲöԲȫңһ˯ô꣬ԼҲʹԼ
ˮεѾҵˣҲѾˣô˫ӻʺеֳޣҲͷ˳ǰȥ룬Ӳȥ飬˫ӻʺ󶼸ˣֻҪܽȳȥԼɼңˣԼѾ˫Ӵ۸ˣڴ˫ӻʺǺģֻҪһʱ䣬ͿԻָʱͿԸ˫Ӵ۶Կˣ
ʱ˿̣˫ӻʺֿ˳ӷ磬ѽӷ磬ۣʨӴۣ˫Ӵĵǧ֮Ի䵽˫ӻʹҲǵΪڻӻˣӵǧʨӴۣ׵ľͱ˫Ӵá
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ӷǵǰںҲһѾǺܾ֮ǰˣû뵽˫ӻʺȻҲ
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ȥûûȥˣ˭ţܲܽˮεڸرհɣرˣҿûܴ򿪵ģ˫ӴҲɵӣ趨ⶼгڣֻԼſԽ硣
˫ӻʺһҲԣһʱ˵˫ӴʱǾ鷳ˣ
ܱ֤ƽҴȳ;ʲô𣿡
ⲻǷϻҽǾġбҪ㵱ܺǿҪҺܶģ
˵ͷ˵Сġ˫Ӵ۸һǸյˣˮһвٻصġ
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3069 ˮħ
ӷһ̤ŹźžͿʼһǿħȫڳӷϣڳӷ׼ڿŹǰѾ˴ǧĻ幦ܣһ˵һħˣ˫Ӵ۱޷˵ӷֺ
ʱǼʶǧ򣬲ΪǿҪ֪˫Ӵͳħ󣬳ӵżΪǿԣ֮⣬ӵеĹƻҲʮֱ̬ģԼţƶԼˮΣѾħĹƻ˷顣ڳӷϣӷ͸ûµƵģֱӵڶѾ˾Źţʧ޹֮ڡ
ѹ˫Ӵôõǧˣν޵еĴڡΪӷ籾ʵ¾ʮһۼһ𣬶޷սʤһӵǧۣ
̾˿Ҳ֮ǰӷ粻ԼȥԼţڿӷϵħڵŴǧ壬˫Ӵ֮⣬κҪȥᱻǿĨɱģ
˿̵ڳӷ磬һΣȻβǾԵģٳӷ粻ȥðգȥڻң
Ѿ˾Źŵĳӷ磬ǰֵģͬǺװ㣬Χûκεˮȴȫˮкܶˮݲͣĳȥӷھͷ·زȴɵĺﲢûκεƣ
Χˮ֮⣬ˮеˮ֮⣬ʲôûСһˮеĿռ䣬һûоͷģܳӷ߳Զľ룬˫Ҳˮˮ֮κζڣ˵ˡ
˫ӴħˮǵĻˮ֮ǬģΪӷ粢ûпȣһӰҲûС

ڳӷƣҲʱͻأһˮݵԽԽ࣬ԽԽ죬Χˮݣȫӷ翿
ӷʱ͸оΣգЩˮڿٵļк󣬾ȻγһֻޣһֻˮγɵĹޣһֻÿһˮ֮Уһ⣬ǵʮǿħγɵģɣ˫Ӵˮ֮µĹؿ˫Ӵ֮⣬κ˽ضˮݹ޵Ĺ
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ֻڳӷ绹޷ȥȵӣȲ˵ڵƣˮݹ޵ĵֵӷʱҲ޷벽
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󣬲ûеڶˣӷ翴ǰˮݹޣղ˫Ӵ۵ȻǴˮݹ޵дġӣ˫Ӵˮݹ޵϶ʲôֽţˮݹӵ˫Ӵ۵ʶϾ˫Ӵ۱ˣԸͲܻ֪ˮεǳӷ硣
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˫Ӵ۵ٴ𣬳ӷڻ治ģֱӾ͸ˡ
˫ӴۣǸѽȻһĹطֻΪһ˶ѡ
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һˮݣȫ˿СͱըȻҲط˲СĶȶκβ˳ӷ磬еȣҲû˿˺ġ
˫Ӵۻ治һţôΪԷֹκһ
ϰɾͱӷˣʱӷҲ˷ʱ䣬Ͼ޷϶᲻ᷢʲô£һ˷֣鷳ɾʹˣ鷳ġ
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ͬʱγɵҲ֮䣬Ƴˣȵϣһףһ׻ƽףȻ̵ĻƽʿײͬˣȵϣǶŸֲͬɫıʯЩʯͷ·һֻֻ۾Ƿǳ·ģдǶͷƽ֮ϡȵĻƽȴһȫϵģÿһͬĲλγɵģͬ·ӣЬӣףñӰ㣬һλȵγɣ
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3070 ڶ֣ۣ
ӣˮħ˫ӴˮΣҲǸողųΡңӷˮħ֮ڣоһǿķ·˶ˮħ֮ڰ㣬ԼôѣҲ޷ȥԼ壬Ҳ·ˮħΪһ塣⣬ˮεѹôȸָͬһﶼ޷ˣӷ绹С˫Ӵѽ
һƽ׵ȣ˫۾Ѿ˿ϵĻƽϣźܶ಻ͬɫıʯÿһűʯ۾״ÿһűʯϣ˴۵ĹâÿһâȫڳӷϣóӷʱоһǿҵɱΣҲˮħɵģϾˮħֻһˡӷΣеģЩʯǿ⡣
ʵڣȲûȫѹ˫ѾˣʶûȫָҲ˵ڵȣǱʶڵֿŴˮħ֮ˣϵĻƽףҲԶϵģɾһֻڸоκ˴ʱ򣬾ͻԶȵϣȵȫ
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ʱ򣬳ӷָоȵڣɢһȽů֮ģһʶ
ӷ֪ȵʶ˼άѾڻָˡ

ӹȵ飬ȫӾתϣͻһЦ˫ӴۣôȥˣҪҵġۡˣȵȻǶˣȻʶ˼άѾָ˵ûġ
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ͬʱӷҲ˵֣ۡ⡰ۡ׻ƽ׵ˡ
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Ȼ䣬˫ӵ۾Ŀųӷ磬Ѿ϶ӷ˫Ӵģ
ͬʱӷҲȣˣһӣȻԼĸ׵һʱģŸָͬʵָ֮ϣָͣϼһҪõĶ࣬ȫֻһʮͷӣĺӣһͷҵĳһ̣۵½ϵĵ̣۱һĵ̣һһֻ֣۾ûˣ
ȵʮָߴӷߣʮֿ࣬˫ƽףĺɫ磬ȫȫһ͵񼶱ѽ˵ǾĹʦ治񣬿˵һ󽫣ǾͲκ˻ỳˣ
ʵڳӷʶ˵УϹѾǸߴˣû뵽ȣϹŻҪߴĶࡣ
ȣˡҾԲ˫Ӵ۵ˣ෴˫Ӵ۵ĵˡͬʱҲۣǵʮεʨӴۣΪӷ硣
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ʨӴۣŪ˭أͬһʱ㵱ɵ𣡡
ûҪƭ㣬ҳʨӴ֮⣬ͬʱˣʶģӦ˵ʶģһһ֪
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ûʨгۣҵףҸղ˵һ֪ˡڵҾͲ˵˰ɣҸ׵ĵܡ


3071 ɣ
Ȼݶм٣ΨԵĶ˿١ϼʥǲܱģµģǳаеʥӷ綼Կ϶Ǿģֻӷ벻ͨΪʲôʥѣڣҲǳӷЩ顣
Ϊ֤Լ˫Ӵ۵ˣΪ֤Լ˫Ӵ۵ĵˣӷΨһİ취ǽϼʥԴʥ֤Լݡ
ųаδ˵Ҫ֪ϼʥ˭Ҳֽܶ˲֪˵ڵûл˫Ӵ֮ǰû֪ʨͬһʱȻʥ֪ϼһڵǵʨңȵ֣Ȼ֮һսû֪ʥӵŸͬɷͬǿǵϼģǿڵһ۵ʱ򣬾ǵһεİ۴¹ڽɽġ˵ʥмٵĻټĴǧ֮ڣûʲôˡ
ӷûڵʱȶͣΪֱӵķԵϼ֤֮Լݡ
ȼʥ֮˳ӷ˵Ļ֮ˣסˡû뵽޵еʨȻһӣһǵʮεۣۣȻ˫Ӵͬһʱ˵ʲô˵ۣչһƴˣǵʮһε˫ӴۻʤǵʮεʨӴۻʤʵڣû˿ȥ϶
ȿųӷ磬˫۾ʮֵĳȲ˵ʨڵ꣬ȵĿУǿѽԵʨĶӣһּ˵ʨĸоֻڵ꣬Ҳûʨģʶ˵Ҳûʨ˵ˣȣҲûʸʨġ
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ӷ籾ǲ뽫Ϊ˫ӻʺȵģ¶˵һܴԼãΪɱԼȫ˵ĻʺҲ̫˵ɡ£ֻҪ뿪һ֪ģԸܱȳӷ˵ҪõĶɡ
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ӷ˻һȵıȻͷ˱仯˵ʲôСãΪ˫ӻʺ󣿡
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ⲻܣ˫ӴɱɼһĳˣСôԡ
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ӷЦһûٶϻ˫ִӡҿ·ǧ˫ħ󡭡


3072 ˱Լˣ
һֱ˫Ӵ۵޹ڵȴţò˵ڵʮֽţһ˵֪֮ôλ磬ϾԼ޸Լɼŵĳˣ֪ºֽôķӦû뵽ӷѾ¸ȣڵȸǰȫͬˣվȥ飬һζȥǰƢʮģһԲ飬ȶԭ¡ڵģӷҪʲôʱ򣬲ܽԼĴȳϾ˫Ӵ۵޹˵ʿڸѲӣһ޹ڷʲô˹ġ
֮ǰӷŹţ˵ȫȥֹӷйϳӷ籾ƵķǳãŲᱻ˷ֵġڣŹţѾζ֪淢⣬ǳӷϾҪȳԼĴˡ
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ʱ޹ţѾ˿һļ٣ʱ˽޹ʲôأ
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֮䣬Ѿһǵײĵ绨ɱײһɵģһ˾Ͷ֪ԷҪԼɱˡ
Ϊǿκ֮¶뵽ģ˵ɱɽ¸ӷ鷳ɽȴ֪˫ӻʺݣԣɽضǵһֵġ

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ӷȣȳӷ߳һˣ˫޹ڡӷ绹֧ȵģ򣬱ȳӷ߳һΣܷס
ӷˣһһˣȲÿ˵òΣָߴΣ˫֮УͿʼˮ
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3073 
һһģᲽ˫ۺᣬŲȡ
ãжûˣʵ˵ʵԼѾǲˡˣһܵŰһܵ޾ʹ࣬ɲ廹飬жʹۣΪǶ֪ԼԼˣԼɼҵĴ˭
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˼ǷŹǣ
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ɽ֪Լӹһ٣˵ʦģǶѾ¶˾ģӷ磬һ𣬶Կ˫ӴۡЩҲѾճӷ˵ۼһȫ˫һȨƵֻҪĺͿ˫Ӵ۳֮ǰⳡ䡣
ӷЦһ˵ˮⳡ䣬ɲ˵ô׵ġ٣ҪЦУ治ʲô̸ˣ
˵ôǻ뿪ɡˣһᱻֵġҴȵǱȥ֮Ȼ˸ϵġ


3074 ᣡ
ټ˫ӻʹ˵ʵôˣѹͲȥģ˵Ǽǳɰǧ⣬һͬʯ󺣣ӰҲˡ
ǣˣӷĸ߶ȣ˵Ŀ࣬ܳʲôطǶעĴڡҪ֪Щľ֮⣬࣬ǲεģ˵ֱӽȴػʺ󹬵Ļ˫֪رЦ죬ڿģ㷢һС£õϢ
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ЦֻɱˡĻɲЦȻЦ˵仰ˣȻǴѪһ·߹ģʬϣһ·ȹģ
ЦһЦٶ˵ʲôˣ˵Ҳûã


3075 ̸
Цϣɽһᣬϣźüʮ˵֣˵ıȫдʮ壬ʵһеһУ֮ͳͳС
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ʮۼˡһʮÿһǾѡġҲǶ˫Ӵģһֵˣ˫Ӵżҳޡ
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ȷܶʱǻۣǸӿµģҲ˵ǻۣҲһһָκˣκһӵи߳ǻ۵ˣǶʮǿģʲô磬ʲô棬ǶǾӢеľӢ
Ҳˣûļ¼½ܶ鶼ýչȥϾˣʱ̶ߣЩ˵Ҳһ㶼˽ġⱾᣬðźܴΣգƶģڽģҲΨһһݡţһⱾйģΪһйϵˣǵļڣߵͨǶ·һ
ӷ˵ͷɽȻ˽⵽ԣⱾᣬɼڳӷΣҲʮǿġ
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Ҷ˷Ϊ˵ðһС˾ˣѾǺܸˣֻ˵ĸ׵ĵܵܣǰҶ˷һ˵ĸ׵ֳⱲֽ֣һ


3080 ˷ң
鷢չڣҶ˷Ϊʲôſڽ̵֮ģȾѾƺõ㣬һýĶĻĹֵ֮ΪؼʱܱҵĻĹ֮ڶҶ˷ƳһλһݵĶλݣȻҪϽĶˣûĴڣ˵ðľ˾ˣ¾ð佯ӣǶ·һģ
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¼ңμң׼ҵĴȺмƺصʱҲ֪òٴȥˣϾǽԼļ£Լңһϵûеġ
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˫ӳǣҶ˷ûʲôü¼ģӷ緽棬ҲһᰲǰŸɱһ˫ӻ˫֮ڣֽʲôʵ鷢ءЩɶʷѽһζǰʷ͵Լȥдˣ
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ӷ翴ɽɽӷڵĹʱǹĽģҲǳӷ罻ģЦļ£ͲҪ͵͵ȻѾˣǾŸɰɣеЩıƣӷ绹ûʼ
ǵģǸԮҲ̫ˡȻð佯ľ˾ˣ˽ҡֵǣȻˣһ뽯ҵġӷ磬ҲϺͿˣܸܲңǸԮô쵽ģ
˵ɽԾӷ磬ҲǳԾĺѽҶ˷ȥңЦȫǣⱾ͸˺ܴĶЦ⼸巽棬ȫ֪ˡڣҶ˷ָôһСǲǷˣɣɶ˻ʲô𡣵ֵǣɶû˵𣬷Ϊһ壡
ܿ죬ӷǲ뵽ʲôƵģ
̾˿Цɽ֪е߾ʲô𣿡
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ȹģҶ˷磬ȹ˽ģýãԽңž޴ôǺȨҶ˷
޴ôǸҶ˷磬ǰ
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ûҶ˷磬ĸģɻĹŻġҲ˵ǻĹŻһ֣ӵŻĹ֮ģҪõģĻĹ֮
ĹŻ࣡ѹ֣ѹֽˣӣǽң˫ӴۣĴ治ˣ򣬽ҪʲôĹ֮ӵһűƣȵ˫Ӵ۲ҪǽҵʱҶ˷磬ǽϣϧһͿһʱû뵽Ҷ˷ˣ
ôģ޷жϣһлҪҶ˷Լ


3081 ˵Բ£
ս뽯ҵҶ˷磬ûֱӱʽܸҵˣΪڻǵģܿ϶Ҷ˷᲻ǳӷˣϾĹŻڳӷĹ֮ԴڻĹŻģɲҪһСģӷ˿ӣȸԼͱһǾ̫ˡֲܴᣬһܱԼȫĻᣬðҶ˷뽯֮ĵһ£ȸҶ˷ĵϸ
ʵҲѾ֪Ҷ˷һʮֽƻˣҲһǳӵˣû㹻ӣƻĻпܱԼпԼоҪ𣬿ڽ֮⣬ѾǸˡ
ɺܶʱ򣬼ȻǶԷȱĿĵĵּ໥֮䶼Ǵˣ˵ҲͲҪתĨˡ
ҵˣȫ˽ҵĿ֮ڣǽԸȥģ֮ڣκˣóŰ벽ȫڿڵȡڽԼͽҶ˷鷿
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Ҷ˷뽯鷿󣬾ѾŵһʮŨҵùζҶ˷һʱͿԿ϶Ǹöˣ鷿ڽ֮ڣҲֻǸˡ
ȻǰˣȻıߣԽļʶ飬ѾĥΪ۷˶£ڽȲ˵Ƕʮֵλġ
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ҪôܵõΣҪͶ״𣿡
ͶˣȷҪͶ״㲻ͬΪӵеǻĹ֮Ĺ֮Դʲô㲻᲻֪ɡ
Ȼ֪ҵĻĹ֮Դ۵֮һĹŻ硣
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ܸǣҸӷǸʨӴ֮䣬һϵûСǴģңȴⰢǻԪġ
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Ҷ˷簵һЦҪģЧҪ㽯Լȥ룬ʲô֪ġ
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ǰҶ˷磬˵Ȼǵ۵СӣôõأѲɣ˫۵ʲôֶΣԵߵģҶ˷磬̫ˣ
Ҷ˷ѾˣʱҪԥС
ҿûıʶġֻҪһչƽ̨ǽҲĻƾҵĻĹֱ֮˫ӴۣҲһᱻõġ֮ûֱȥΪ˵չˣҪأ֪ҪȵʲôʱŻѡǽҵģΪǽң˫Ӵĵڶ塣ţһ죬˫ӴۣҲ֮ġ
Ҷ˷⻰֮аһ˼˵ǽҲҪңҾȥͶ˫Ӵˡ壬ûˣͶ˫Ӵۣ˫Ӵֶһƣʱǽûüֵʱ˫ӴҪǶ֣ǿɾûԱˣ


3082 ʽ룡
ڣеԥҲ˵һ⡣⣬ȴǻҶ˷ģǶҶ˷ӵеĻĹ֮ڴˣ
ϷȲղ˵滹Ǽ١ϷҪ֪ӵеĻĹܷ֮
⣬ҪúûشҲ˵ǲܾܾشģһҪսԸȥش
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Ҷ˷֪Ҳֻôһ˵ʱʹԼȥӷģ̫ͻȻôͻȻ飬˫ӻǱߣҲӦġ
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û뵽ȻֱӽҶ˷ɵȥ˵ʲô˵ѾնҶ˷ΪҵĵϵԱˣ
˵ףÿǽҵĵϵӢءСֻǸˣǽݹϵҲӦ÷ɵȥѽ븸˼
쵰Ϸľʲôʱֵ˵ĵˡѵΪϷϺͿһҪǵͬⲻɣ
ף˼ֻ
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Լĸ׶ĸҶ˵ʲô
ǣүү
СҪסһУΪҽңκˣκζҽҲ飬ǾҽĵϵҲкùӳԡ
⻰ھˣҶ˷Դҽҵģ˭Ϊ֮ǰ飬ȥ鷳ĻǾͱΪĲˡ
Ҷ˷磬Ȼܾ㰲ţҶ˷ĻĹ֮ҵδɶĹؼãԣضỹŵġϾҶ˷ոռ뽯ңܲһ¾͸̫࣬ˣԼڲ˻ἵʣˣҲɵģ
Ҷ˷ʱҲߵǰ˵С㣬ǽ鷳ˡ
һĿҶ˷磬˵ɡ


3083 ۣ
Ҷ˷緽˳˽ڲڲĺģĻϣĻ飬һܳϯϾոռ뽯ңϽԭҲΪ˸ǽұһĵƣԣ򲻵ѵʱ򣬽ǲҶ˷ģӲҶ˷ȥˣҲΪνҶ˷ɵҺõҪԭΪõнҵϵûõ֮ͬǰǲܸκӴģ𽯼ҵ
ȲҶ˷緽ô˫ڲΪҪģӷ粻ܽɽۼŽһ𣬻˵໥֮¼ɣԳӷɵĻǾͬһɢɳͷҪ˫ӴۻЦͿԽ߽
ҪɽۼŽһ֪ԼЩȫͬһϵսѣΪģͬһĿģǳӷȻҪˣ޴ȥɳӷǴĵóӷܹսʤ˫ӴۡʵҪЩȫųӷ磬γӷ磬ֻһ취ǾǸЩϴԡ֪˫Ӵ۵ʱʨӴ۵ʱ١
ڣʮۣǳӷյһϴԻϾⰢǻԪ˶֪ʮУ˫ӴǵʮһΣʨӴ۲һΣҲõһΣӷΪɣɽۼΪģȥӷ磬ȥγӷ磬ȥӷʮεĵҵ
ȻԸдʷҲԸдڣӷҪЩ֪۵ˣʨӴ۵ʷԶд˵ģԼʨӴʱΪ˫Ӵ۵ĽԼڱ˫ӻʹ֮ڣǣȻʮ۵Ĵ˵µب֮ǰѾעˣԼͻѾעĴ˵ķչȥ
ɽǵİ֮£ѾȫۼҲѾȫλֻҪӷһ£ɽǾͻὫۼȫټͬһطʽĸӷ棬ʱҲǳӷЩϴԵʱ
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˵ҪЩûκιǵľۼͬһطҪģǽѲʿлҵĳԱЦǱߵļȫ򣬱˵ӷ޷ȥЩϴԣЩҪۼͬһطûǸӡ
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3085 ܼ棡
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3086 ȵĻ
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ҲһģӷҪϴԣɽ˵ĻͷǳҪҲΪӷļϴԣһȶļ̳С
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ڳѾ˾ȵţ¸꣬ȻѾǲ̫ˣ֣֮󣬷·һĻĻӿͷ
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ӷȲʼϴԣΪҪһϴԣǾҪ˵־Ϊʱɣȵĳ֣ѾЩ˵˻ĴΪǲ֪Ȼ᲻ΪʱǨŭԼЩˣһȵѾǿ˷ָˣô꣬ʵڵ֮ϣҪ֣ԼЩˣ޻֮
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ȷһЦʱ򣬸ͲҪıģʹڵǿߣȫӷ˳ȥ滹˲ʿ׷ȥ˵ڵ˫ӻʹһճǣӷĻֱ˫ӻʹû⣡
λô£ʨӣҲǣԣҲǵģ


3088 ֮
ѽӷʨӣȲǡʨӲˣˣеһȫڣеһȫƿԼС
ɾǿʨӣҲǿеʱʨΪǿĵʲôɣֻˣһǿˣԼǰɢʧ־Ļͷʨӣͽ޵еĴڡ
֮ǰͷʨѾе˴ĵη壬ֵӷˡ
Ȼӷʱ޾һУǱϾǳӷĵ̣ǱųӷǿĺܣָĵȻǳۣǳӷѣֵܣãЩǳӷܳưܡⰢǻԪ磬ӷֵܸѶڣҶ˷磬ľأ⼸ˣͲ˵ǳӷѣ˵ףǼҲΪԱŻӷվͬһսϵġͬɽǣҲΪԱڲŻۼһġνҳⰢǻԪ磬ӷȫͲȥŵģֻȥðˣҲһ໥֮ãﵽҪõĶ
ӷҪõģǻԪ磬ǧ硣ɽҪõģǵڱ˫ӴɱȻԱʶȻ˫ӴּһȶѾվ˳ӷߣҪģҲֻǶԳӷһְˣҲ˵ڶĲ㣬еĳ룬ȫѺڳӷϣǵĳȴǽǮȫҴССٵ
ֻҪ¶һ棬ͲҪ˵ʲôΪǲȵĹǳӷġȵĳֻ֣ǰӷˡ
£ӷ翴˵ı񣬳˾֮⻹ǾšѾǼƽϵˣ˵ģܶʱǴġĴʱ򣬾ͺѲֻɣⲻǶԳӷĻɣϾһ˫ӻʹɱ˫ӻɵģȸղŵĻɼңȫɱֻʣһˣ˫Ӵ˳˫ӴֲڣȻʲôȻҪˡڣȾȻ˵Ǽƽϣ˵ģȻǲŵġ
ӷ֪ڳЩ˵ڵʲôɽҲֵĵġȻڸվȳȵʱѾûɽƽˣ飬ܵû֪Ȼʲôʱ򣬸ԼһһĻͻ֪ǲܶɱֵģӲܰжɱ֡ˣȵʵǿǸָһȼģҪɱǣȫǷʤģʲôʱ֣ǾͶ·һ
ӷҪģȽ˵ĸȶҲ˵ȸǳһŶ裬ֻ֪ҪԼڣǾǰȫġ
ȣûˣȻȥɡ
ȹֻǰԼһ³棬ȻѾסˣ˾ţٴȥͽ𵽷áȻӷȸԼһҲһԭģЩһھ֮⣬֪ڵȣԼ
᲻֪ӷԼ¶ֽԼΪʲôڲ𴩳ӷ磬ȻҪװǾװȥˣʲôֶΣʲôֻҪܴ˫ӴۣǶȶԣֵõġ
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˶٣ӷ˵ȻǴվҳӷ̸Ǿ˵ÿһˣɽһģȫܵ˫ӴǱߵвǵУһ֣ǴӾͶģҲһԭ˫Ӵ۵ˣǶͬʱڵǣ˫Ӵ۵Ѿʧȥ˼ֵŲڳǣ˫֮УһֵˣҲһ˫УվȽˡܸоģȫЦ֮󣬶ְλ䶯ġ˵ûɣ
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෴Щˣ˫ӴѾûʲôˣɶڳӷʨӴ˵ȴž޴áӷҪ˫ҪԸԵĲͬ˫ڣһ䣡
ʵڳÿһˣǸԵһΪͻģΪüֵˣ֮ˣһʣ˭ȥѽ
˵ûڵǣѾо˫ɱҲǾͻԼͷ쵽բȥѽǰ㣬ǾͱҪǶоԵĸաĸգΪǶǧǲܴɵģҲģҲ˵ţȴϾҪ˫ӴۣƷ˫ǧǾ԰첻ģҲͲҪˡ
Ҫʶһ³ӷ֮ʱ򣬳ӷôȥ֤ʵԼأǿͷ˵ǳӷӵ򵽾ģӾĴ򵽺ģٵڵİǻԪ磬ȥ֤Լˡ緽棬ʲô£Щ˵̫Сˣ˵˵û˵ǸӲ˽⣬ĶթͨİҪǿӿĶࡣȻûǿȴأԶ޷ֶΣֶΣǱЦݣصɱҪԶ֣ȴ˼ģ


3089 
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֪Ϊʲô˫Ӵۻ·ŻȨЦ֪ЦЩ飬Ϊʲô֪ԸͶ˫ӻʹʱ˫Ӵ˵Щʲô𣿡
˿̵ɽˣȫֵľ񣬵ӷ˵ⷬÿһ˶ԼЩʲôƵģ˿ķġ
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˵ûǿݺħ磬ʹһУģֻǹһЩˡ磬ͿƹһУڵ˫ӴۣǰЩǰʮεۣ˵ġ
⣬ܾκһδ۶޷óưԵҪԭɡȨƵĺȫھϣԾȥͳһУǾ͵ñȥͳΣĻ˵ͽбǱ£ַЩԽԽ࣬綼ġ˫ӴŵģԾΪıвߣ֮зߣ֮ȻЩǵֶΣ˫Ӵȴ̫ˣϾͳıûκεƺ⣬еģֻϵķɣһ˵ǴĲǣһУĻһ໥ƺĻȫͬˡ¸εķּңһõƺ⣬ԾȥƺΣȥƺӣ֮µʱһµʱϳһ÷չȥ
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˳ӷЩ˶ԳӷûģûյĻɵXˡӷڸս˫ʱ򣬾Ѿʼ˫Ӵˣ˫ӴۻΪӷڰ벻ӷĽ飬ֻΪպ˫һѡ
λӷ绰Ѿ˵ŸôѡӦˡ¸ǣˣѾ¶˾ģͶӷ硣콫ҾۼŴҲҪðķաڳҪǵЦĻǡ
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ӷ˫ӻԵɱģ˫ӻҵЩǿ߶ֹˡΪ˳ӷҪɱĿ꣬Ǳض·һġ˼һѾ˵ϣ·Լѡᣬǣֵλνѵˡ
ʨӴ壬ǽ첻㣬ҲһĻᣬȥЦ죬ǾʨӴ۲ɱǣʱ˫Ӵ֪Ǹ̽ҲŹǵġ˫Ӵ۵ԸΪˣǱ˭Ҫ˵ҵһѡվʨӴ۵սϣһ̿ʼʨӴհˡ
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ܺãǴӽǾһϵսˡԺɽ֮䴫ϾҲܸ̫ӴһЦ췢֣Ƕһв
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3090 ϵƭ
ڰ˫ӳ⣬ٰʮ֮кƿٵľۼ׵磬ͣĴ˸ɽͷ֮ϡ
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Цսڻ߳Σһδ˫ǿߣӿɽ֮ǰ󣬳ɰǧǿߣ˫ӻҵģҲ˫ģЩȫЦһ֮ġ
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ѪӰеϴ󣬾ЦǴ׵ŮˣΪӰҲЦǿһڡ
Ȳӷ罫ǸһĿĵġҾͲţӷôĶֻΪ˸泡Ϸѡ
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˫ӻʺôͻȻôһ仰Ҫ֪ԼЩˣǱ֮һĺĹģǳӷĻѵĹԼܳɣԼܳҲܻԼôڴ˵γɶŵѽ
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ѽӿʼڣһֱǺĹû⻹е㲻ԾԼô˵ӦŶѽôܾһͷõڵġ
ЦʱӦ˹ӰƿĽ⣬ڽ֮ڣǲǳӷ硣


3091 ʺ⣡
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УҪʲôֹЦ˲С֮£̫ԣȻᱻЦ컳ɵģʲôǹƳӷ˽ˣ
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ڴ˿̣Զֻֿӽ֮ڣһӰ֡
һȥŶʮ꣬һ£ȫźĹһΪǿ󡣵òԲǳӷ硣
ЦԼǰ֮˲ǳӷ磬ǿȶ˵Լʹ֮˲ǳӷ磬ǳӷ絽ʲôطȥˣʲôȥˣУ˳ӷ֮⣬ʲôˣӵźĹ
ǰ˵˫ӻʹһҲţͬһȺͨƵġڵνǿߣͲʲôˣҲѾһεĹϵɣܶ飬ڵҲѾ͸ˣ
ȻδӦӷ磬˫ӻʹ˸˵ʵضаյģûյ飬ɵȥ
ȴж֣νΪǿڵ˵ȫκεáҪģǰЩһȥԼȻˣǾͲӦ˵ҲӦȶ֣
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ɱһȫͲʶļһ̷ػʹȥأЦҲʮ֪ӷ˽ЩҪɽЩ˼ģԼڻʹĻͿȫȥֱЩ˸ӷӷĶȻһġ£ЦȫûһˣԼɵĶûоԵ֤֮ǰһҶǱĴҡ
ո࣬Ѿ˺ְܶλʵҲвٴû׷ģЩ˵ﶼŶЦĲˬʱ֮ڣҲȥκ飬ҪһʱȥƽԵ飬ҲвǸٻȥȥˣĴ󳼵У֮һĴ󳼣ڻʹ֮ڣлڻʹģҲ߳סĹ벽ġ
Цûʱȥɱʱ䶼ûУΪЦҪϸϻػʹһпԶõЩˣûиԼ׷ͬʱֲڸԵļУסĹУЩˣȫҪɱ
ҲѾЦڵĴ㣬ȻѾûɱ֮ģȻҲܾȥ
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ʲô˲ҪҪǣڻȥҲѾˡǽ˷ɣҲ뿴Ĺڵһôĳ̶ȡ
һ˽ʱ򣬾ͻЦټҲԼ̫ĴġڣЦ쿴ĳҲĳԷ˵Ļʱ䣬ԼػʹҲ˵ӷǱߵ黹ûн꣬Լʱϻȥ˵ץס
ûʱģҳȫ㡣˫Сӽˡ
Цȷȴһȥ˫ȥԷġЦھͻȥĻᣬԼǰæһˡ

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Ӱжˣ̱һǿħҪĨɱֻϧӰħձȻľ޴ȫˡ
ҲɱҡŮѽҪ̫棡
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ӣô꣬ûмⰢǻԪˡЦ죬Ȼ֪˭ǾӦ֪ҿɲǳӷ磬ӷ粻м飬ʱ
磬ӷǳˣΪʲôҪͶҵĻҾͿ԰㱨𣬳ӷֻǳˡ
СǲԲѽҸӷĳˣҲġҸӷֻͬˣҸ˫ӴۣȴǽλĲͬһưأ˫ӴȴҪ磬ӷͬˣҲӦ
ΪƾһˣźĹͿôΪ𣿡
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ʱҲѾˣСپȥһôûУһȫܿƵļһѾͲǳӷˣ治֪ӷô뵽ȻֵεˣȴҲ˳ⲻڸԼ鷳
Ц죬Ȼ֪ӷǱƻǻػʹһСӣҪ
ЦϷΪ˫ӻʺݸλߵġ
Цһ£ȷڵȷܸȥˣ˵ѪӰɱˣҷػʹ
ֹδܹ飬һιܣȴ˸ˣˣԣСӣˣ̷ػʹȥ
ʺ̫Σˣ˫˵
Σգѵ˫ʵڱ֮ϣ
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ȻǸ˼ǾϻȥСӵͷشȥġ
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˫Ц죬Цָӹ٣⣬˫ǳе
Ӱ˵ӣʺ⻤Сӣ
죡Щ飬˵ڡ
ЦһЦ˵鷳ʺˡʹ˻ȥ


3092 ַ߱ڤ壡
½֮أҲ˵½ı߾ٹȥ½ˡǻԪ磬ΪӴĴ½꣬Ȼꡣ֮䣬½Ϊģ½ҲǻԪȨƹؼڡ
˫ӴԳư֪һˣ޷ӴİǻԪģҲÿһ½ϣָһͳߣͳߣͬ½ͳͬģڰǻԪ½ͳߣȴȫ˫Ӵ۵ġҲ˵Щ½ͳߣһȫɵģ
ڤǰʱڱڤغľ£ȥ˫ӳӷ磬ñڤغû뵽ǣӷȻԸͶ˫ӻʹ֮ڡڣ˫ӴĿǰóӷû취Ҳûȥӷ硣˵˫ӴΪ˶ȡӷǧѾչˣڶʱ֮ǲֵġ
ϾڤغǱڤ壬ұڤغһļҲһͬӷ磬˫Ӵûз˫ҲŹڤκһ˵ġָӵǱҲһ壬ļ壬ڳӷԸͶ֮ڳӷ֮ͨر֮ȫѾ˸Ե򣬿ʼġ
˫ȴһ·׷ɱڤ嶼֪͵Ϯٴˣһֱӱڤǣ׷ɱ½ı߾ˡ
ڣһ·׷ɱڤΪбڤغ˫ɳͳͳɱˣűס˱ڤȫ
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ףһУǺĴǺһҲǱڤ䵽˵ز죬ƴҲὫһеĵ˾ɱġ
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ڤغƽҪȥˣܽĻʲôˣսס֮ǰԼڤˣҪ뿪뿪硣
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߱һڵѾǿҵĽͲҪа̵ԥǰ뵥Ѿʡ
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ܺáǰ˵ڤļ̳ˣֻһһǴķǰʱ˫ӳһսȴֳ˾Եʵӵ֪ĹħħպҪġ
ô壬ɱұڤ֮⣬ѵõҵĳħ𣿡
ħԭϵħΪܺãټİǻԪ磬ֻ㱱ڤغӵ˵Ĺħ岻ҶҲڰǻԪˣ㱱ڤغѵ廹𡣡
ٷϻȻұڤţõҵĳħǾͷɡ˫ʲô˫ӳ壬٣ұڤغ١
ڤغҪ̫ûĹħȷǿǿҲûˡ˫ӳһսڰй۲㣬ҲĹħоһ֮ԻԹַǱڤ壬Ϊ϶ĹħѾ˽ˡ
䣬߱еĽѾָ˱ڤغڤغĳħҲѾΪǿ
߱񣬿ɲһ֮ǰЩ˫֪Ҫǿ˶ٱ˵֮ڣҲһŵģʮˣÿһǵ֮ڤغȻǲҴġ


3093 ȱ
߱˫һţһֻ𽻺ӿ֣ǿޱȵ⣬Ϲʮڡ
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ڤغϾӵΪϵ֮һһӵеʼģ߱ƽǿߣҲ˿η塣
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ƺʲôѵڲǷΪһŵӷĳˣе񣬳ŰսţʵҪȷࡣ
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ܣܣСáˣһʮֵסļһӦ

ڤغˣΧеĳȫۼģͬʱ߱𽣬Ҳеȫ߱Ľ֮ϣ˫֮䣬ھʮ֮࣬໥˹
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ڤغҲˣȥȷǰ취Ҳ˵ԼڤԼͲָܷ߱һƴ
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ǿɢȥֻڱڤغǰģʮ£ϴźɫڲĺˣЩȫӵʮǿȻ޷߱ǵȾȣʮҪͱڤ뿪˵ǾûģʮˣԵֵס
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˼ǲ֤ǵ˸ӷѣǽǱڤȫҲܸߵġ
ȷĪĴߣ֪ᷢʲô£ǻֱսء
ڤغʱ㻹Ҫ˵ĹִҪ֪֮⣬ûܰˡٶ룬߱һԹֵֻסֻҪһֵȻղһǲܽǱڤɱġ
ӷ类˫ӻʹµİǻԪ磬Ѿûֵˡ
ȻˣҲ¸ɡ
ͷĺڱڤغĶ˵˫ӻʺˣ˫ӻʺǱڤġ㲻ö룬˫ӻʺѾӷγһսߣͬԿ˫Ӵۡ
ڤغֲɵӣ˫ӻʺʲôˣ˫Ӵ۵ӣпɳȥΪУԼڤ𣡾߱ģҲͲô鷳ѽֱӸֲ߱ͺˣһ֣ڤɡȴҪĴħԼڤ뿪ս㣬ڤغ֪ӷ˫ӻʹǱ߻Ĳѽ˫ӻʺ󣬶ˣ


3094 ڤ֮
ӷ类˫ӻʹܸ˫ӻʺ󹴴ϣӣԼûվ飬Ϊӷڱ˫ӻʹ͵Լڤⲻӷһ֪˫Լڤ׷ɱ˫ӻʺɳҲ˵ΪʲôЩһȫģǲ뱻߱ϳ
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֪ʲôǿħ𣿡
ڤغȻһϿյĳڿٵľۼγһͷ޴ıӣһֻɫѩѩŭһضʼ𶯣߱ѩһŭȫ˻ȥ

߱¿ɻˣû뵽ڤغȻӵǿȫͲԼֵܵġ
壬Ҳ̫Сұڤغ˰ɡұڤغǰȴ˿ı磬˫Ӵ۱չδָ֪ںδټİǻԪ磬˭ұڤغƥС߱ɡ
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ڤغֹͣ˿ΧмԻħΣ´μ棬ȡ
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ӷ磬ңڿʼұڤ壬ȫ㣬˫ӴۣƷ˫һȫµģʨӹȣ
ڤغһ뿪֮ǰ߱ս֮أֳˡ
һһŮеޱ飬ͬŮ˵֣Ц磬㿴Сô

ǲҿͦǿģֹϵħȻûǰǿ󣬵İǻԪ磬ûƥˡӷܵ˫Ӵ۳һˣ
ӣǲˣ˵ʦķԸڻǸǳֵʱ򡣡
ʦʦ֪ʦʦԼ磬ֲֲָѵǾɿʲô𣿡
ֻҪʦһ첻ˣͲκεжøʵһ㣬ͷҪ˸һ쵽һ˫Ӵ۷֣Ǳҵģ
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Ů˰һЦż⣬һʧƬĮ֮ڣ


3095 ڤ˫ӳǣ
ڤغһѾķϵСУԼڤȫԼڤЩ֮⣬ڡ
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ڤڤغС˹ȥ´һ±ڤغ
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Ҷܵء
ǸˣΪһ˵ľʧͣı׷ɱ⽫һΣұ֤Ժ󶼲ٷˡ
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еĺȫϵĺڲ֤ʵòԡ
ڤغûȥˣǰ˵λ֮ұڤغġպ󶨵౨
ڤغһжرļһЩ˵ĻԼڤҪˣԼɱ߱񣬲ȫˣֻʣԼһˣʲô˼
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ڤ̴˿վ˵ұڤԱڤԱ
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ڤغ˵Ҳ뵽㡣ɼȻҸˣͲȥǣӲҪҡ
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Ȼ֪ڵ˫ӳǺΣգӷ緽棬һҪЩ˵Ҳ˫ӻʺˡ
ͷĺһ£˵ȷǳ֮ǰʺԸҵ֮󣬲ҪǵܣҲû˵Ҫǽ˫ӳѽ
ǵܣѵⰢǻԪ磬ǵ֮ѲɣǾԶطɡӣǸʺ˼Ͻ˫ӳǣҲǳӷ˼ӣӷǱߣѾжˡӷȫ磬ͨѾرգҲ˵ЩˣھǳӷΨһˡ
ڤغ˵壬ңᣬ˫ӳǣɸҷ񣿡
Цһ˵ָûʲôǲġ
ãھͷǰȥһҪһ춯صĴҵ˫ӲĲݣ


3096 Ӽ٣
ңá
Ҷ˷úһֱʲôŽҵĵϵƴ໥֮䲻ϵĽţҶ˷ÿǿϷƵģҲ˵ڿϷƵģһŵӣһ־ƺһ־Ʊߺȱ߿ʱʱĻһáĸү㣬ýҵЩϵͿ˳ˡ
ΪѾ´κˣöҶ˷Ҷ˷ҲʲôʳסУר˰ţõģԵõģסҲõġ˼ŮҶ˷磬⻹Ҷ˷ع˵ֹ
˸ߵĴһʲôеʱԽҵĵϵָֻŵģýҵЩϵҶ˷ĳ嶯
עǸرӣҲһʵӣݾʣֻԽң¼ңμң׼ңǸĪ塣Ϊ죬ĿʼҲ˵ӽ쿪ʼĻھٰ쵱ˡ
й֮Ļ飬ʵܶ˶ֻ֪ǲ̫ݰˣΪĻ飬ص֮⣬ֻ˫Ӵ۲ܲμӡǰ࣬ﶼġҪ˫ӳǾٰһҹʢ磬ⳡʢҲ˵һħʢ硣ʱ˫ӳΪĽϣۼȫǵħߣܶħߣǵĿģΪ˴õҪħߣЩħߣȻҲṩġҪõṩħߣͱƾԼʵҪǮֻҪܴܸһͬĶ֣ʤˡ
ħʢ磬ò˵½עģҲֻ½ˣ½ûʸμӵġ⼸½вͬ˫ӳǣֻҪʹﵽ˵ģֻҪ½ˣͲ㣬ΪҲû˸֮ǰµģǰˣôᷢʲô˵ˡ
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ҷ棬ѾڳﱸֲͬħˣȻǻԪǰλĴ壬ǾͲСЩħߣÿ˫ṩģ˵ǽң⼸壬ص壬ʱҲὫȫһħóʲôܶӿɲܶܲ˱˵ԼСɣһħʢ磬ȥħ߾ôʱħ߽ˣ˻ûɢ廹סģ
Ҷ˷쿴ŽææµµˣоһʲôҪҲֱȥѽô飬Ȼֻ½˲μӣǻԪ綼֪ģҶ˷ȫ˽֮¾ȥѯʵĻ񲻵Ǳ¶ԼǰǻԪ֮ˣ
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Ҷ˷ڲҪȥ֪ͨӷ飬ΪҶ˷ֻ֪ҪӷõϢǲǳǸ棬ӷ綼뾡һа취ֵܳġֻҪӷˣԼԸӷһϷ˿ǱضһϷģҲһļȫעԼֻеԽˣ
Ϊõε飬Ҳ˵Ҷ˷Ļʱô룬Ҫô飬ԼôǾԼˣ


3097 磡
ӷ˫ӻʹĹ֮ϣ˫۾ȫһǽ𣿲ǿԵܵģڻܵȥˡȫ˫ӻʹѽʲôʲôκ˷
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תѾȥˣҲ˵ٰħʢ磬УǳӷҪ취ȥҲȥеǳħʢ硣Ļӷ粻ĵܵȥΪģҪ˫֮£ȻӷԸˣ
ʲôҪҲҪκε뷨ˡ֮Ҫͽ˫Ӵ۸ҹսһвǾ͸ҹǰۡ
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ѾصЦߣȴûҵ
ӣ˵Ǹңֻļˡһʨתȥ֮⣬ˣӷڣҲûʲôõĵġֻ½ҵ˳ӷĺԮǹһӮġ
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3098 Цӭ
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ڤ˵磬ǰκȨƷ飬Ȼ֪˫ӳÿһʱͻᷢһεġ
Ŷʲôѵ˫Ӵ۹𣿾ǣҲô˰ɡĴţȫۼ˳ǰҪǣЩȫԸ壬Ļ͵Ǿۼ½ǿˡ
ڤ壬˵һҲ˫ӳǣ˵˫ӳǣȷǾۼ½ǿߡΪ˫ӳٰһħʢɵġ˵ǰ㣬ǰЩ飬Ȼǲ֪ÿھǵ֮ǰٰһħʢ磬ʱ½˶˫ӳǲμӵģֻҪħʢͻı֣ͿԵõṩħߡЩħߴ˫ӴƳģãǿ֪ġ
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Ц죿
ڤغȻϴ˫ӳǣȴûѽңӣȫһͨˣһħûС治֪˫Ӵڸʲôһļһ˫ӻȨЦѽ
Ҳ˭붯ֵĻ;ܷɡǰܻ߱񣬽ҪɱЩˣҲʲô¡
Ц˵ڤ벻ҪŭǰֻӭǱڤˣûж⡣
һڤغ˱ڤ鶼֪Ϣֻͦͨڤ壬֮ǰӷһս˫֮һֱ˫׷ɱ˼ʱϵ±ڤȫɱˡЦ죬˫࣬Ȼ˵ǳӭӱڤҸģѾģ˼


3099 ƣ
ڤڤغ˵磬ǵ˫һ׷ɱǵ˵Ц˫ӴһģǰûֹΪ˫Ӵչأֵĳӷ˫ڲ˷ˣŻὫЦгΪľǣƳӷġ⣬׷ɱǵЩˣһ֣ȫЦġҲ˵Ǹ߱񣬶ΪЦĹϵŻ׷ɱǡ
˼ǣ֮׵壬ҲЦˣ
ЦĻǵʱ׷ɱǵģͲһ߱ˣһǿߵġҿ֮߱Ի׷ɱǣȫЦģġҲ벻߱ڴһЦǱڤĿû´ĻЦΪ˫࣬ȴµ˵ӭǣض£ǣǱڤվڳӷǱߵġ׼ȷ˵ǲָվڳӷǱߡ
ڤеɼȻڤغѾӷվͬһսˣǾͲΪһЦӭתġ
ڤغҲɵӣʱЦ췭ǹԼڤ壬ȫ˵ġЦȻҴôǣǱضźеġ
˿̣ڳŵһӷЦһҲΪ֪ڤڽ˫ӳǣڱڤغǽ˫ӳǺܵĸǼ棬ֻǳӷ벻ǣЦ죬ȻҲ˿رڤغҪڤغǱȥ
ʵڣڱڤغӷ绹˽⣬ϾڤغڰǻԪˣģǰҲûӷӷ޷ȫǡ
ںˣ£Ц죬Ϳ԰ӷȥ֤ʵһ£ڤغ壬᲻ǽͷݣߵĴڣǵĻӷ粻ٸ򽻵ˣͬʱ취ȽڤغɱϾڤغĳħǳħǳͬһģˣվһߣһߣž޴в
ӷ뵽ģЦҲ뵽ˣЦΪʲôӭڤغĹϵҲıڤغǹϵħԼ޴в
ڣڤغ־ʮּᶨģȻѾ˵飬ǾͲκεĸı䣬ЦôڤغҲ֣ȥԸӷġ
Ц죬㲻ܹûʲô𣿼Ȼ֪ܴ߱񣬶ˣҲûһ߱Ҫǿģ֮£ȫɱ
ڤغһֱӵˣȻֱӣҲͲתĨˡӭ㣬ǿĹħܸվͬһսϣҾͿԱ֤֮ǰЩ飬˸ƽϣҲ˶Ǳڤ岻巽棬Ҳһġ෴ڤ粻ĻҲֻ̾Ϣһϣֽʧȥһǿˡ
ڤغЦԣΧЩҪǵȺȴȫԱɢ˿ʱһڤغһЦ죬ǿɶѽһӷһս˫ģܴǿߡһ˫Ӵյ࣬ڻ˫ӻȨ˵ǻԪġ
˵ˣ˫ӳĽ̸ɱħʢ羫ʵĶѽˣͻӾˡ
ʵΧЩ˸Ͳ֪ħʢϻᷢʲô£֪ĻԲΪǰһĻħʢҪʡ෴ڱڤغЦĶţΪħʢһˣ
ٸ˵ôϻˣˣǰϲɱɱȴϲˡҪ֣ܷ٣ұڤغյȫա
Ҫ˵ôΪʲôȿһأѵӷľôֵΪֻǴ۵ĽˣǴ۲ڣҶѹƣҲʲôáڤغҽ֮ԻԳӭ㣬ǿʵ֮⣬ҲǱڤǱܴ챱ڤ壬ܴ壬齵ҵ£ҾͿԱ֤㱱ڤغΪ˫Ӿеĵһͳ˧Ϊͳ˧
˶٣Ц˵Ȼһʱ俼ǵģϾǾʱʧ˫ĺ֣ھ͸ʱ䣬Ȼ֮ĳԹҲΪǣ˫ӳǣھͿԽȥˣȥֻ֮Ҫûҵ˫ᶯǵġ
ЦȻֱӷűڤ˫ӳǣһҲ̫˵ɡ
ǰ˵᲻ʲôı
ڤ˵ҿڸģҪշġɼȻѾ˸ӷվһھͲܱԣǶʲôˣЦȻҲ뵽㣬ΪҴʵ⣬ǲ׷ģԣڽ˫ӳǰȫģڳӷ֮ǰǰȫġ
ڤ˵һ㶼ûһĳӷҲʮȷֻҪԼ֣ڤ壬ǶǰȫġһԼǼˣǾ˵ڤѾȥˣЦȻҲ
ӷȥڲ֣ܳڱڤغǽ˫ӳ֮󶼲ܸǼ档ħʢ翪ʼ֮󣬿²涼ܣħʢ֮ǰӷҪҪһӦİ취ǱڤغͶЦ죬ǶԼûжҡ֮䣬ӷ綼ҪӦİ취
Цڤغһ仰Ҳ˵ˣһӣ˵ػʹ
Ȼ㲻˵Ҳ˵Щ飬Ҳ˵̫ԣ˸˵ʱٲ˵Ǿĵˡ˫ӳǣЦĵ̣ҪΪҵĵˣҲֻܽȫĨɱˡ
ڤʵ磬ڸô죿ǽǲ
ȻˣΪʲô
ɽȥ֮Ǿ͵ЦһУʱأЦ춼ԽֻҪһܵĻᶼûС
ҪˣȻˣҾûϴһӳ˫ӳǵġ
˼ǣֱȥҳӷ磿
ǵġ
Ϊʲô
ΪЦ졣ϾǸӷĽӴֻ࣬ѡ֮ǰսɽЦĻһᴫӷĶеġǸӷĽӴ࣬ǵĽӴҲ٣˵ӷڶǣԵΣҲЦһƣ£ǵģʵʵϣҪóӷǲɣ
ӣЦ죬ǸӲԷѽ
ˣߡѹ˫Ӵۻˣӣӷˡǣ֮һһУҪע⣬ʱȲҪЦ쳹˺ӷǱߣҲ̫Ļɣ


3100 Ůˣ
ӷ˫ӳǵĴϣȻֲʲô֣˫ӳǣνɽ˺ģǰЩССȫˣһȥˣͿĶˡ
ӣٰⳡħʢ磬һΣǰģᾪ½Щ½ﶼǲƽ⣬˫Ӵ۵ͳ֮£ƾʲô½ܲμħʢѽһħʢʲôûУֻǿֵĻǱ˵Ĵ½½֮ڣ˫ӳǣĳǾԲֵܹģϾħص㡣ƫƫⳡħʢøֲͬħߣÿһħ߶ǳģһУֶ˫Ӵ۸ģһеħߣҲͳΪ˫Ӵˣ
ʵħʢϵħߣĳĶ࣬˫Ӵ۸ȥķǳ٣ϾҲɵӣôܻὫЩǿħóװ׵ı˱أóģҲ忴۵ġ
ɲôϾ壬ǻԪǿ壬ĶǶڴ˵ҲǷǳǿģõһħ
ӷڵ˼ʵ˫ӳǵϣӲħʢ֮ϣΪӷȰѱڤ巽Ѿ˫ӳǣһЦˡЦȻǽŵģڤûаѳס֮ǰͶЦĻǳӷͽкܴ鷳
Ȼһڤ壬ӷǲģڤغָȴóӷ˼ɶǵ񰢱ǻԪ綥ѽǱڤغĿǰʵָ֮£Ǳ;ָ֮ˣʼĳħһ۷ľ磬ǾһµĴڣܵǱߵľ磡
ӷڲȥڤغǣֲʲôѽӣҪȿһǵģֻҪˣӷΪ֮áΪڤغǲľǼľǼӷ粻Ҫȥ飬Ҳû壬ϾʶôˣȻǰǵˣҲܳΪսѡһ˵ľҪӷһѣӷҲԵһʱ䷴ӦԵķľǵκжգǳӷľǵ˽⡣
ɱڤغأӷʵǶһ㶼˽⣬˵ǲģֻǼˣһڶʱ򣬵ڶξڴս˫ʱ
ҪȸסʲôطСЦѾǰ˵طסЦɲΪ£Ҫ£ֱӸôˣûҪô鷳
ӷ᲻֪ЦղŵľٶȫǳԼģȻ֪ڤغҪԼվһսϣѵЦͲη˱ڤغָڳľٶҪԼԱڤغǲɣ²ȥǡ
˵ӷ֪Цƣ֪ҲҪֱЦƵУǳӷԱڤغǲ˽Ľ
ֵϵԽԽ࣬вͣڽǣȻѾˣҹˣ
˫ӳ󣬵ȴŷΧƵģԽʱͻԵԽСеùݣȫѾˣܶˣҲֻ˯ڴϡ
ιιСֵܣأ
ӷ翴ϵˣһȻûطסȴԵʮֵ˷ܣӣȫΪħ߶˷ܵġڳӷһŮ˵óӷоһвڿԼ
ӷֹͣŲʱ˽Լʵ˵·أϧǣԼʲôطԼ֪Լ·ˣҲңӲҪɱҡ
òҪңΪҿɲŮ顣
ӷ綼ûתģҲҪתŮɢɱԾǳԼģ㶼оĻԼ֪˶ٴˡ
Сֵܣ㲻Ҫᣬֻæˡ
æ
ӷʱתԼվһɫȹӵŮˣŮ˿ȥͲ󣬲ʮӣϵϢɢƣʮǿ
ӷȥһŮˣĲʵҲףҺԻ˴󲿷ֵʵΪʲôҲءЩħߣ˵ôӦòŶѽ
λС㣬Ϊħʢ˫ӳǵĻȹӵķϣҷȰһ䣬Ͻ뿪ɣЩħ߶Ҳûκεô
ŶСֵܣҲͨѽһ۾ܿҵʵ𣿡
ͨϣӦ޷ȥɣ
ȷǰǻԪ磬ȷ޷ȥûߣ磬Ҳǲӭġ
ߣ
ӷ̾;Ů˵˭Ȼ˵Լ
㣬ʶң
ʶȴ֪˭Ȼˣ㲻Ҫôţ֪ҴҲû˸Ҷ㶯ְɡ˫ӻҷ涼ôҵ˫ӻҵɱһ˫ӻ˵˫ӳǸ˫ӻʹ֮䣬Ӧÿȥ˰ɡ
Ů֪Ļ治ѽЩ˫ӳǵ˶֪ӷ粻øе֣Լ˫ӴѺǵʱ򣬳Ҳкܶ˼ԼģʶԼɱԼҲ֪ɱԼǶǺġ
ʲô֪֪ЩҲʲôܡûʱϻʲôȥʲôɣҪ鷳ˡ
ʵأҾ鷳ġ
Ŷ
ӷЦһǵһμŮˣֱӸԼԼ鷳ġ
ô鷳ʲôˣܸøҰɣ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣֵֵ鷳ֵõĻתߡ
ӷ͵һ̤أ¡һǽƽ𾳽ʵû̫Ķֵϣܶ˵ʵڳӷ֮ϵģ˵ӷһû˻ȥġ
ƽҵʵӦûȥɣ
ӷ⻰Ů˿Цã˵ƽ𣿻ȥӷѽӷ磬˵ҲǸЦѽѵЩ飬Ǽٵ𣿡
;˵飬Ȼһ󲿷ǼٵġԼǾãƽľѾܲˣ㲻ŵĻȫԱǿʮʵһսҪ˼ΪǲκһƵ˿ģңǱҵĵˣҵĵˣ
ŮڿɲκεЦˣΪ֪ӷ˵仰ǽģضǧ򡣾Ů˵ʵǿҲǿǧѽ
ȱ嶯Ҳ𼤶ʵ鷳ģ෴ͨ籨ŵġ
ͨ籨ţʲô˼
㵽ʲôֱ˵ɡ
Ů˵벻֪ͨδ򿪣


3101 ʦһѧ
ͨͨԭ˫Ӵۿģֱرˣ˵˫Ӵ۱֮⣬޷򿪵ġڣŮ˾Ȼ˵֪δͨĻڳӷ˵ȷһĺϢ
Ȼ緽˹ҲԳʱ䣬Ǳʵ˵ϼڣʮǱߣس˵ҪȫתħͲʲôˡҲǱߵȣʲô鶼ġȻҪԸ˫Ӵۣ˫ΪҪģܲܵȹ֮󣬻ô˸˫Ӵۣ˫Կɡ˵ǱߵˣڱضѾŬӦѾȫתΪħֻͨһǾȫˡ
ؼʱȥ취ͨǾ̫˵㡣˫Ӵȥ򿪵ĻǾ˵˫ӵѾ˾ɱİգǸʱ򣬾˶ΪħǿߣҲһ嶼ûˡ
ӷҪ֮ǰմͨķĻӷֱϵ緽棬ʲô˿йǻԪġιϹϴιȫͬûоԵʵûоǿħˣܱסκãǸû𲻴
ɲô˵ڵʵôӷ綼뾡һа취ȵõͨķС
Ȼ˵֪δͨǳӷŹĻᡣ
Ŷ֪δͨ
Ȼ֪ȻҲˡ
ʲô˼ѵҲˣ
һģ磬Ҳ磬ӲڰǻԪ硣
ǴӴǧеһģ
⻹óӷԾΪĿǰλãӷӴֻ磬ǻԪ磬ǧ֮е磬ӷȫûӴûмǧˡ
û뵽죬Ůˣ˵֪δͨŮˣȻڴǧ֮еġӣȫȫѽѵڴǧУҲ𣿲
ӷ磬֪ʲôڴǧ磬ʵһ㶼˽⡣ûǧУ壬Ǵڵģɲֻ֪Ǽ統С˵һ磬һλγɣֵģ㣬һõӡ紦ڴǧ֮⣬ڴǧ֮γɵģҲ˵ڴǧ֮ڣͶɵġǸ֮Уͬ壬壬࣬ǱҪܶࡣ
ûγɵģҲڴǧ֮ģ˫Ӵ۲޷ƿ硣֮УȷģⲢǿġ
뵱ĺĴۣ½֣֮ʵ½֮ϣޣ½ĹϽԴ˵ڴǧ֮ҲһȻ϶࣬ǿ
ǰŮˣǸ࣬ӹɵģȴԴǧе磬ʹУͬ壬ңʵҲп֮ϣԴƶϣŮ˵ʵУǿ
ǣǻԪǴǧ֮ħҲǴǧǿģӷǰŮˣҲӵħ˵ǻԪ֮ǰѾӵħǻԪ֮磬ͲħѽŮ˵ħôģ
һİܹ˵Ҫ㣬ʲôʣʲô룬ֱӴӦĻʱ˸ˣ㻹ҪǮء
ӷǸˣһһʮֳɹˣˣȻȫȥĻֲȫš٣ҪȰݸСŮ˵ݸѵ˵ֻǴӴǧеһ
ôͨȥȷȤ֪ҲԸǳĴȥ֪ܿϧ㣬Ҳţ֪ôͨҲĿе֪
ܹݣҪ㣬ȷ㣬ſеľ裬ȫȫҵС
ӷ綪һ仰תҪˡ
Ů˻û뵽ĺ£ӷȻⷴһ׷ȥ˵ιӷ磬ѵõĻѽ治֪𣿡
ҵȻ֪Ҳ˵ˣҲ㣬ҲŵˣĺôңҲҪġ˵ˣȻ֪δͨҲӦ֪ͨȫͨģôģҲʮҲͨģͨͨ磬ǧ֮е磬˵ûɣ
Ůһֱųӷ˵˵ûҲͨǸͨġͨʲôϵأ
ҲˣħֻڰǻԪ硣Ȼ˵ǴӴǧеģǰǻԪˣʣħǴӺζģ
Ůֹͣ˽ŲԭӷҲȷԼȻǰǻԪˣԼͲӦӵħŶѽ
һ¡⻰е˰ɡôѵֻӵħ˾Ͳӵ𣿡
Ůٴθǰڳӷ˵
Ҹ㲻ۣͬӵǧ򡣡
أڵ磬ĳˣȫӵħѵҲȫ𣿡
ӷЦһֹͣ˽ŲŮҲֹͣ
ӣԼѽ
ӷŮˣ仰Ů˲⣬ʲôԼˣԼ˵Լ
ȻͨѾرգô֪ģô֪ҳ˵˶ӵħģûħȻڰǻԪģɼȻˣͲֹܷȥҵ˿ӵУˣͬӵУǣ˭ѡ۴ǧ֮УԴм˫Ӵ۳ưԴǧȻǿԵģҲоԵʵħˡ˫Ӵ۵ˣҲͲˣңҲҪҶֵģҪδͨɴ˵˫Ӵ֮⣬ֻһˣĴǧ磬Ĵħˣͬ㹻ʵ˫Ӵй֮޲ġλС㣬˵ûɣ
Ůųӷķ˶סˣԼûκһ仰һ֣Ǳ¶Լģӷ绹ܷһΪʨӴѽ
Ǹһ£ȸˡ
վסңۣôҲĳɣ
Ůȥӷڷǰ
ӷ磬м¡ʱɡ
ԣҿȥҪңжˣ
ǸҲܸġʦڻܲ¡
ʦеĵʦӦþҵĸףʦɣ
ˣˡȻµˣǾͲҪˡҶûжģҲ˵Լˣǵˡ
ȻԼˣǾ͸ңҸ׵׻ж£Ҳ֪ģ


3102 
۵׻жǳӷ֪ģ㣬ȷһͷʹ⡣Ȳ˵ΪʲôȾôĵƣԤ֪ɱϾµı仯޷ƿصģÿһ죬ÿһ磬вͬ鷢ÿһ£ΪĳһСϸڲϸ΢ı仯ϸ΢ı仯ҲԵµĽ֮ͬ£۾Ȼһš
ǧ֮У۵뿪ǻԪ󣬲ȥ磬絮֮󣬲ܵȥôֳһڰǻԪ磬磬Ӳħѧͽ
Ӵǧ֮еģһͨͨģҲ˵Ůˣ˫Ӵ۹ر֮ͨǰѾ˵ġңӷԲ²⵽Ů˾ԲܻһˣʵȻľ磬㾳磬Ǿħ߾ˣֻеķֲС绹ûȥˡ
ӷǧ±ʵֻǽƽ𣬵Ҫսһ㾳ǿ߻ûġ˵ڤغʯľ磬ǧҲûģ۵ǿ֮
ӷҪ֪ǣŮһͬǻԪģ׻жĻǳӷͻ뾡һа취ΪԼãҲЦ죬˫Ӵ۶޷󵽵һҲ˵һ
ŮȫͲ߳ӷ磬˫Ҳ˵ļᶨȻ˳ӷ磬ҲֻҪ߳ӷͨķڱ飬ûõ۵֮ǰǾԲȥġ
ʵŮ˽ҳӷ磬ԭΥ˳۵˵ûǻԪ֮ǰЩˣǾԲܸӷġ
ɼȻˣӷͲ׵ߡ
ʦ飬Ҳ㻹Լ취ȥʰɡȻ㲻֪δ֮ͨҲûʲô̸ˡ
Ϊߵ𣿡
ӷѾ˽ŮµĴ㣬ֻҪŮԼ¸һ˲֡Ͼǳ۵ѧ˫Ӵ۵ЩˣԼͬΣʱһֻۣһֻ۵ġ
ѵﶯǧ򲻳ɣˣǴϣֻǣ޹
㻹档˵ɱ޹ˣͲ
ҲˣʨӴۣۡҪͳδǧ磬Ҫ˫Ӵ֮⣬ҪõϿɡȻǽ̤ʬϵλģȥɱЩ޹ĻǸ˫ӴۣǰЩʲô𡣵³Ҳá
Ů˵ĺеҲǳӷ֮ǰ͸ɽ˵ġֻᵼһ߽⣬ٹǿ󣬵Ҳֻǳˡ˵κһǽ̤ʬϵλģɴĵҲĽԼ۶иڸһ֣ȴһʾĵá˫Ӵ֣ûüֵģŶΣյģҪŻɽ˵ıѡӷҲˣȲ˵պ󣬾ǰľ˵ʣɽΪԱ֮⣬˭ȥӷΪģ
Ů˿ųӷ磬ģ֪ӷ²˵㻹ǵûҰɣ֮䣬ҲӦʱ档
ҿԷߣǣҪ֮Ҳܵ˫ӳΪҪҴͨķǸŮˣֲǸĮŮˣŮ˵һ㶼ǳϲֵġ˫ӳǣʱ˫ӳǣû´ĻΪħʢɣ
ŮЦЦ˵ȷҵȷΪ˿˫ӳǵġħʢ磬ҲľһҪ֮ǲҵٵģһᱻ㷳
λС㣬Ѿһ㶯֡ҲҪ̫Ϊѵģҿɲ֤ʲô³
ŮŹӷֶΣ⻹Ǹʲô鶼ĳļһԼǺͨģɲҪΪһС£ˡ
֪ԼһͬǻԪж𣬾㣬ҲܵĶԼѽ
Ȼ˼֣Ҿ͸ˣҲҡ࣬ڣ;Ÿѣȫǵʦѧ֮Ϊ
֮ǰиػֳһžŸˡҪ֪֮ǰǸ˵ֵ£ɶѽһ;ŸˡŸˣ𵽶أ
Ÿˣȫ˫ӳǣ
ǾŸ𵽶ãɼȻǳ۵ѧʵضǲġΪԼЧ˵Ը˫ӴۣһЦ죬Ǵ´ġ
ȫڣ˲˫ӳǣһ˶ѡҲҪȥ⣬ǾŸͬʱǰҲΪõġ
˶٣Ů˵ѡ
ͻأһǿֹ˳ӷϣӷʱһħȻǡ
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ӷıʮѿΪӷʹӵ˽⵽ֹħԴʼģڣŮ˾Ȼ˵ľŸˣȫӵŹħ۵ôҵЩ˵ģʲôʱҵġŸˣľŸѧȫǹħӵߡ
Ҷ֣˵ʵҵĹħڱڤغ֮ϡ֮ǰҲѾڤغˣĹħ죬Ҫ㣬ǲġ˵˫Ӵ۵˫Ǵսʼ֮ǰòҲԷģȻѾ˰ǻԪ磬ǳ綼ġһҪǣʱҪǳħΪ˱סȥѧһľǳħЩħΪǿģҲֻǳħҵʼ档
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3103 ¼Ҹ׼ҵˣ
ӷ̾һǸͷӣԼܿѣôǿߣȻһҲáһֱ磬Ҹ㼱
ƣ˭ѽⲻǸ˵еʨӴ𡣡
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˵ģȻǵĽħˣû뵽ô֮ǰ飬ǾȻҲ֪
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ѽү֪ߵ⼸λǲǸһҲĵϵ
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û뵽ս˫ӳǲãĺϷһеĳ¼ң׼ʨӴ۹ȥ


3104 ԽԽˣ
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ӷǲ¼ң׼СɫоģҪоҲҪҵĸ߲ѽСӷͲܻϡ
ΪҶ˷緽˳İã˳Ĳμ飬ӷıֱ֣ӹϵҶ˷ĳɰ
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¼Ҵ٣׼Ҵ٣ȫˣӣⳡ֣ԽԽˣ


3105 ȥ棡
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ò˵ȷһǳرҲһǳֵӡ֮ĵһ̳ˣȫˣƽֵһ̳ˣûõǸҼͬ⣬ǲ뿪Ű벽ġ֮ԻڽϣȻǶõ˸Ҽͬ⣬ͬʱҲҪýϣ˫ӳǵȺ̽Ϊħʢó׼
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翴Ҷ˷磬Ĺ֮֮һĻĹŻ硣һôӵлĹŻ


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ʲôи㵽ֵѽǽһеϴʵǿһȻǵһ̳ˡҶ˷˵Һ͵֮Ƶġ
Ҷӣûʱƽϡ̫࣬Ҳ̫ӣҲҴģȴһʲôµĻүүǲŹҵġԣ㲻ҪΪңϸһȥ
֪ԼܵùҶ˷ǸԼҵһǲܳʲô£ԼûϵҶ˷һˣض鷳ġ
ùǣԼôƫƫҶ˷ء
ʱҲԱߵҵ٣ȻҶҪȥһӷ磬ֺαֹأ
ҲǸŮˣҶ˷˵ԼӵлĹֻ֮Լ˵ĶѣԼû޷ȥ֤Ҷ˷ӷϣ淢ӳ˻ĹŻԼͿȫĿ϶ˡ⣬ڿҶ˷ҪԼȥģȻˣԼ֤ʵҶ˷ӵлĹ֮󣬾վҶ˷ߣһھ͸Ҷ˷ΪѣĹŻԼμ˵ǿǴĺôѽ
Ҷ˷ȴ̾СëǶûġðɣãʹһȥɡ
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㣬Լùˣô㻹˵ԼүүĻԼùء
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Σ磡ôҲܹˣ
¼ҴٿŸոյĽҸμҵһ̳ˣе㲻ף쵽ôԼ¼Ҹ׼ҵСϵ£ѹͲǽҸμҵѽһܹʲôҲ첻ǵԸ˰ɡ
ʵҸμңΪģûκεԣǳ¼Ҹ׼ңͱȽϺϵ岻ˣˣߵķǳ򣬽¿׼ҵСүҲһˡ
ʵڲʵҲ֪˵ʲôҶ˷ҪģԼһϵûУ㵱ҽǳ¼Ҹ׼ҵ鲻ɣ
ȴеԼˣΪҶ˷ǽҵģĻĹ֮ٷ֮ʮġԼû֮ǰܾԵĿ϶ڣȻֱվҶ˷ߣվڽǱߡ
´٣״١ǶλɲҪᡣСýֻǸһģΣҲֻǰ·Ķѡ
ģʲôʱˣˣҲӦѲŶѽ˵ԼЩĵһ̳ˣܻѣ
״ٸ´ֱӾͿߵҶ˷磬ʵδС㣬Сӣѣ
˵οɲɵϣԼҵˣԼжҲμռ˱ȥѽҶ˷Լ˵ɲһˣһǣ˵λǽҵݣҶӡ
Цһ㽯θղŲǲô˵ˡ
ûǽҵݣҲμҵѡ
ղֻ˵ѣڣȴμҵˣǽҸμңһ
ӷҲҶ˷磬Ҷ˷ͬųӷ磬˫ԣӷҪҶ˷ʳʲôҶ˷·˵һǳõʱɲҪһͿһʱѽϽңϷ꣡


3107 ˵ûֱӶ֣
ʵӷ뷨Ҷ˷ȫͬġҶ˷뵱Ĵһ̳˵ǰӳӷĻĹŻȥǿԼĻĹ֮ԴĴˣԼһôĴڡֻҪĴ˶ʶԼǱضԼģǸʱԼͿֱĴ֮߶ˣҲýҷ棬Լӵأǽǡɴ˵Ҷ˷ͲҪȥħʢ磬Ϊ첻μħʢ磬˽ĴԼᣬһΪԼǽңֱӴԼȥμĻ飡
ӷأȫͽ۹죡Ϊڳӷ˵ˣŻȫ֣ڣֻҪԼҶ˷磬ħʢϵһϷ壬Ҷ˷صġ
ɲǽ죬죬ʵЧһġֻڳӷҶ˷ȫûͨҲ֪ԷôģôĴ㡣˵Ҷ˷ʱ֣óӷеͷһ㵽ʲô
ӷѾ뵽ôԸ¼Ҹ׼ҵˣҲҪɱ֣ԼӲȺڵǰ׬һܴӡһУȴΪҶ˷ĳָƻˣ
Ҷ˷ȻװʶӷģڳҲû֪Ҷ˷ˡӷҶ˷ʱ򣬶һƽһĳʮǧܹԼҡ
׼Ҹ¼ҵĵһ̳ˣʱҲҶ˷硣Ϊ˵Ҷ˷ǽҵˣ˵Ҷ˷μҵѣ⵽ôһ¡ҷ棬ʲôʱһļһμҷʲôʱֶһѣ
壬һôĴڣ˫ӴֵΪǿˡ˵ĴڣһˣǺġμҵѵģǾͺܲˡ
콯βڣ˵Ҷ˷ǽҵˣɣ¼Ҹ׼ҵˣȻΪǾ仰Ҷ˷統˫ˣһпǸЦͬһλĴڣ˫Ӵ۵šҵˣμҵѣͺˡ
ҽ컹ǵһ˵ҵˣȻΪμҵѡӣλֵһǳѽ
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ǸˣȻ֪ʲôʱöʲôʱ򲻸öڣһˣǾ͵鷳
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ԭδСӷġãЩ˽춼ΪδС֤ɡ
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֮ǰҶ˷һƽҵĻҷֱӳ¼ȴĴ飬ҷ֪Լ޼ɵվ»ϴ鷳ģǣҷֻȺ֮У߼¼¡Ҳ뿴֮ǰƽҵҶ˷磬ŶͣȻܹӷˡ
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ѲɣҶ˷磬ǵڶ
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ӷҲƣĻԾ˵Ҷ˷սԼġ
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ӷֱӶ仰ڱ˿ӷˡҶ˷翴ӷڷѯʣԼڵô
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ĹŻ磿Ҷ˷Ϊʲô˵ҪʶĹŻ磿ֲûǼӵйΪʲô˿ҪĹŻأ
ӷڿٵתţҶ˷絽ʲô
Ҷ˷˫۾ʱʱĶԳӷգţӷûȥ۾Ҷ˷ơ
ʶҶ˷ɲã̫࣬Լʶɲ佣Ǳߵǿһƽ⣬Ǿ͵ֱӸ߱ˣԼӷһġ
ܲôˣȻ˵ûãǾֱӶְɡ
ôƲǾͱҲˡ

Ҷ˷һǿĽⱬ˳ΧˣȫΧȥ·֮ˣĴڣȫڿն
棬ǳӷҶ˷սҪս͵ȥ򣬾ǱǣĶ


3108 ֣ͬ
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Ⱥеҷ˵ΪġԵս˫Ӵۺһһľսûʲôģԭǰ컹ΪҶ˷ĵңȴΪ˽ҵˡڣҶ˷ٴγֱ֣Ӷ˳ӷʨӴۣ˺õһĻҲעҪΪһʷ
֮ǰڽ֮⣬δܳΪһȫµ񻰣ϣһΣǧʧˣ
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ΧеˣĴڣҲȫʼעӷҶ˷һսÿһ˵Ҳһͷ
Ҷ˷ǿһôĳ̶ȣӷڿѾҶ˷ȴһ㶼η壬ĴڣҪţҪǴģŸ֮䣬ȴһ֮
ǿĽ⣬Ҷ˷γһƬɫĻ磬ϿյˣȫƬɫĻˣ磬֤һҶ˷ĻĹ֮Ǽ٣Ż˵Ҷ˷ѵġڣϿԿ϶Ҷ˷粢ûк˵ƬɫɾǻĹ֮ˡ
治֪Ҷ˷ôõĹ֮ģȻ֤ʵҶ˷ûк˵ͲʲôҪӽҵҶ˷ڵμȥ˻Ĺ֮ܣպܳΪһűơ
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ڲǽңҲһġ
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״үҲԥֱӶ׼ҵ˺ǻڵʲôǸλҶѡҶѣǲܲܡˣȫȥҶһ֮
״ٷˣ׼ҵ˾£ҲҪȥġ
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⣬ϵĳȥڴ˿̳ӷҶ˷绹δ֣˫ҲûȥĿ׼֮ˣһ¾
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ȳӷ˵ҲҶ˷˵ʲô죬עԽԽˡ
ֻ߿֮Уֳһ⣬漴һ
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绰δ䣬ӷֹôˣ
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лӣľأľʲôʱʥ޼ˣҶ˷絽ڶ֪ôģӲ֪ôкĹԼɻĹ֮ģڻĹŻ类ӷ֮ҲӵлĹ֮ѽ
ڣˣľҲ˸ӳˣӦҵʺϵͶʥ޼ôһ¡
¿ˣĴȫվ˳ӷ磬ľأҶ˷磬磬ۣҲͬʱˣ
ʮˣľأû뵽ּˡֻһǰң㣬ѾǰˡЦ
硣û뵽㻹šӣӷ統겢ûĳ㡣
ٷϻԼѡһ߰ɣվߣվǱߣ
ϻѾˣܲܶһɡȻվҶ˷ˡ


3109 Ĵһ̨Ϸ
ʲô࣬ĸۣȻΪ˶ʽֵĺе㲻԰ɡҪ߿ҲӦһѽľأҶ˷磬һȥӷһ˵ѽڣô͸ӷվһأľصǴҵһлӵ˵ľԼ٣ӦҪһǿŶѽһҪʺġǰлȫ͸ľزѽ
ǳӷ绹Ҷ˷磬֪ľһôˣôܻȥһأȻˣлȻж֮ģ
ʱĴĵһ̳ˣҲеˡһҶ˷ӵлĹ֮ðһӵк֮һӵʥˣӵһң֮䣬ôʶģ
Ҷ˷֪ԼڿҪڲĵģھͱ¶ݣǻƨѽˣһ֪ԼǸӷһģȻŹԼġƭԽܵˡ
ԣҶ˷ڱҪϵľҲѾˡ
顣
ݺݵһţľصϡľϵ·ͱʥ޼ûˣڱҶ˷һľ˳ǰȥһ͵˵ϡ
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Ҷ˷⻰Ҳδ̫Դ˰ɡӵŻĹ֮ҪԳӷǲķ
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ڵҶ˷磬еָǰҶƣ͸ںĴ½һӷ龰ֻڵҶ˷磬Եװˡ
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ʥҵġһ˵ǴʨҵġһˣҶѾ˽ʨôܻỹʥأӦ֪Ϊʲôɣ
Ҳ֪ǸŮˣ֪Ҳֻ֪࣬һоŸˣҸ׵ħѧͽһǴӴǧеġÿһˣӵŸڤغһĹħ
ħʨѧһ֧𣿡
ԳΪҲ̫
ǵټһҪǵܾǵ֡
֣˼˵ǸͲҸ׵ˣ
Ҳܿ϶ˣʨ磬ǰǽеͷͷҲǵʨѧĳɳҵĹ͡ȴû˵ʨѧģ
ѽľظ۵ʱǳã֪Ĵڣл᲻أðƻ˫Ӵ۵ˣѽ˫Ӵôһ֧ӵйħĶ飬ǰҲͲᱻˣ
ڲ˵ЩʱȽǰⳤϷɡҶ˷һýᣬԼչǰ
ǻʲô㻹֣סһսֻܣʤġ
㵱Ĵ˶ɵҶ˷ֻӵлĹ֮ѣûлĹŻ硣ҿУŴǧ˵Դˣ
š˵ҲԡǾϰɡҲʲô
ʲôҳֱ֣ӰܸҶ˷磬͵Ǳ¶ݡ
ˣǿǿġҶ˷ʱԼĴǰһҪĴҲ˵ˣĴ岻ɵӣһһռ˶ûУãҶ˷ǵûܴ𣿡
˵ҵĴ֮棬ǿҶ˷ĻĹ֮
û̫ˣǿҶ˷֪ô⣬ȻҪǿͲҪǿһ˵ġҸյûʥãҲ˳ǿһҵİɡ
˵ûǿˣҲͲһˡҵĺ֮Ҳ˳ǿһ°ɡ
ӷЦһ˵ǵҵ޵һǿ˵Ҫĵ֮һ
ָҲ죬ǵɵӡ
һָǿ죬һָ֮ǰֵĻѵƿǧ𣿡
ӷһʣľظ֪ǿԼûϷˣӣֻǱҶ˷ˣ


3110 Ĵ
Ĵ˶ڿţȻӷ粻վҶ˷ܣǾֻľظһˡһﶼǳӷĵˣҶ˷粻ͬϾҶ˷ʮǰѾĸҶһͶˣΪھƵ⣬ľظҲܸӷվһġ
Ҫӷ£ȴһôûУľظﵱȻǺܲˬģôء
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ͬʱڽҸμҷ棬壬һõϢġһ˵Ҷ˷統չֳ˻Ĺ֮Ķ֪Ķ졣һ仰ʣֱӾ͸Ҷ˷ڵĵط
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ȻǳӷˣǾӵеҲΪԼμõġҶ˷粻ͬʱļҰҶ˷磬Ǿ͵ǸҶ˷һԵԵΪ̳УҪڽҵǽǣǾˡ
˶һ㶣֮ʥһǳӷˣôܣôܳ˻Ĺ֮֮⣬ӵ
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ȻѾ˾ģҪҽҶŸɣҲֻܲˡ
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ֶ˵μҶ֣Ǿ͵ڱҡӦҲҶ˷类߰ɣҪ֪¼Ҹ׼ңһģңҶ˷类ߵĻڣҾҪ
ȷֲϺͿ᲻֪¼Ҹ׼һԱҲһƽǳ࣡
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3111 ݶҶ˷磡
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Ҷ˷˿һҲûųӷˣҲ޿֣ԼˣԱߵĶһԼˣ˵Լھһ⣬ôô
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ľؿЦһ˵Ҷ˷һʲôʱҲ˺ݶˣ
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3112 ɢ
ȷҶ˷磬ӷĸˣһ˵Ǻˣһɱ˲գ۵ĴħͷҲˣ
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Ȼ˫Ӵֵλǿֻ֮һеĴ壬Ҳǽĸ˳ӷĻȫһˡϾĴҪ£ӵлĹ֮Ҷ˷磬յĿĻΪ˷ֹպ˫Ӵ۶ĴĴ㣬Ǿ˵Ƕ˫ӴǲĵģȻˣǹ˳ӷҲȫûпܡ
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Ҷ˷飬Ĵ㣬ԼҶ˷粻ܾܾɣͨħʿʣһĹ֮ʱƴһҶ˷ӷ綼ֱڲĻĹ֮Ǹʱ͵ǱһˣֻеˡμԸ˳ĻҶ˷绹ǳӷ磬ܽڵĻĹ֮
Ҷ˷ڲٶ˵ʲôϻֱӽĹ֮ڣҲʧôõĻᣬ˫Ӵ۶ûܵõԼȴһ£Ǻεȵѽ
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ڣҲȥֹҶ˷Ѿͨ˳ܵǿԼϮģ漴ָоһǿħһǴŷħֱԼ

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3113 Ů٣һ
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ڤغ¥ֱ֮˳ӷߣӷЦһ˵ɡ
ڤغҲڤЩȫվŵġ
ӷ磬ɣбҪɱҵ𣡡
ڤغЦ
ɱˣ
ӣӷ粢ûнľɱ˵ģȫľԼ˼
ľأбҪԼɱ𣿡
ԼˣӸǲԼˣ㣬ҲԼˡԣɱ˭ɱ˭˭ֹܵš
ѽֻŹͬĵˣ֮䣬ɲԼˡ
ӷЦԣ˵ڤغ뱨𣬾֣ܶǲܵġ
ã仰Ҿ֪ôˣ
ڣǼƽǵСµʱ֪Ŀ𣿡
Ϊħʢ磬ͲҪҡȻѾˣǾͲʲôĻ飬ҺҲûκιϵҲһֻֽȥ»ỵļƻ
ڤغû˿Ĺ˼ֱ˵˳Ҳùݵ˻ȻӷùݵˣȻѾӷѹסˣǲɵվΧһ
֪Ц㣬£㣬֣
£
ΪʲôӦ
ΪûǸҪ
Ŷ
Ȼ˫עҪƷ˫ӴעҪΪʲôȥ˫أǸʲô𡣡
˿϶Ʒ˫
۵Ԥԣȫŵġ˵ʵνԤԣȫԵġңû֪й۵Ĵ˵Ǵʲôʱ򣬴ʲô˿гġҶ㣬žԵţҲΨһһƷ˫˫Ӵ۵ˡ
ӷһڲ裬˵ҪȥЦأ
Ҫڶ֣
Ҫȥ˳Ц졣
ڤ˵ӷ磬ʲô˼Ǻĺ㣬ȴ
СãȲҪ졣
磬̫ˡ
ȻʨӴҪΪʲôӦأ
ӷ˵ͷվûٸڤغ˵һ仰Ƕľ˵ȻôɱˣҲҪ˷ɱùݵˣȫɱ˰ɡŮ٣һ


3114 ڤغţ
˫ӻʹЦסĸ¥֮ڡ
ʿѾҲһֲ©תЦ졣
˿̵ЦߺŲ裬߿飬ģǵӱ
ӣҷһӵлĹ֮ļһҳӷǱҲˡһؤӵʥ޼һ֮ǰʹСӡ
ЦеĲ豭£˵е˼ӷѽȻɳȥˣ
ɣӵ˼ǣ
£ǳӷģΪŷģ
Ƚ֣鲢ǳӷġǳ¼Ҹ׼ҵȥҳӷ鷳֮Ĵĵһ̳ȫˣҵĽΣһҵĳԱȥ˵ǰռ뽯ҵģӵŻĹŻΪǸһμң¼Ҹ׼ң׼Ҫڽҵǽˡ
ӵлĹ֮ǰż뽯ңǸӵлĹ֮ˣʲô֣
˵Ҷʲôе㡭
Цֽеǰϣ˵Ҷ˷磿
ԣͽҶ˷硣ӣô֪ģҶеǲ̫
е˼ȥҷ洫仰˵ǼҵõˣҪúõţǧҪ˸ˡ
ЦҲ˵ʲôȴǴûЦ˵ģЦݣǹ죬ȴԵ˵ʵ
ӣǸҶ˷ǲʲô⣿
ЦԱߵӰʵӰ֪һУмرͻģ
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磡
ʱӦ˹˵ӵ˼˵ǸҶ˷磬ǴģҲ˵ǳӷˣ
ӷ磬ľأҶ˷磬硣֮ΪۡĽѽ緽һҲȥ˽⣬ѵΪ˾ôӦҶ˷Ѿǽңμ棬ҲһõҶ˷磬ԴΪǵһűơֻҪҶ˷Ƶĺã壬Ҫˣ
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Цʱһסˣվʵ˶ˣЩʲôˣ
ʮɣȫμħʢģ
ûбڤˣ
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ӵ˼˵Щˣǳӷɱģ
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Ц쿴ƶԱڤغĹħʮּɵģҲôķӦ
ЦҪȥʱһ
ҪˣѾˡ
ʱ֪Ǳ˫ӻʹһֱЦס֮˵ʵȻǲģӰһҲû
Ӱ̵ȹ˵ϣ˵ӣǵĴ
ѽȷǵĴ˵棬ǾȻһҲûɱЦĻЦͷˡ
ڣȻֱӳǾ˵ɱЦġ
Ц飬ʮѿһ֣ʾ
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ڤҹĹٺᣬ֪кδͽ̣Ц߽ıڤغʵӰվЦߣ
ͽ̲ҵֻǾüȻ˫ӳǣȻҪ˫ӻʹˡģҲˣˣҲҽϴθӷһǸ˫Ӵ۶սģܲǸʱ˫ӻʹһɣ
Ǳڤ˫ӻʹΣΪ㽨һĻ֪ڤȤ
ν˼ɾԴѽֵطǻԪ磬Ҳûڶ˰ɡ
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Ц˵Ȼĳʮ㣬ܾĻǾ̫Цˣ
Цû뵽ڤغȻӦס˫ӻʹһסɾ͵ͬ˳˫ˡֵǣ֮ǰԼȥӭûͬ⣬ΪʲôʱԶأ
ڤЦɣֻΪڵı֣֮ǰķӦ֮𡣲֪ҿɷһ£ʲôñڤıעģ
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ӷѽҹ˳˫ģס˫ӻʹ顣ôѵЦ˳ᢵı£һӷʲô𣿡
£ܲڳӷ綼ѾɽǸ㵽һˣԼ֪ɽ֮⣬ʲôͶ˳ӷ硣ʱڤܽԼȫ֪ǵ;֮ǰǾ͵ѽЦǣԼ˫ӻʹģ˵ڵĻܲܲ㻰ɣԼ˫࣬ҪΪһЦˣ


3115 ԤУ
ӷñڤغ˳˫Ц쿴һЦΪڵĳӷȱģԱڤ˵һڤغһָǶܵǧʨѽԼ֮£óӷԱڤ˻ɣɳӷҲֱӽԼѽ
⣬һзǳ⣡ѵӷѾ˶ĻɣҽƾͼƣܵԼϸ𣿲ѽƣɵ϶ܲ²ĵģӷִˣôܻ᷸˵ĴأɵԼļϸԼȫھͶֵģǱڤغʵǿˣҲֻɱһ߱ѣ壬ǽô³Ϳ֪ˣ
Ц쿴űڤغҪпʲôܿϧڤغУһ㲨ûУĵ·һʮƽҲʮ飬һմִ˫ԱƵģЦһʱ֮䣬͸
Ц죬֮ǰ£ҵģôԸ˫ֵ𣿻˵ĵģǳӷ磿
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ܺáȻˣ죬ұڤ壬壬ͻֱӽ˫ӻʹϣʱΪ˫ʱͳ˧ɲҪǵźá
ڤغ˼ԣǾø֮ǰһӭӣҾ͵Ц첻ӣӷ˫ӻʹɱһ˫ӻʺұڤغͬԣ
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¥ûйЦ߳䣬Ѿʧıڤغӷ絽ʲô
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ʲôЦ죿ڤغʲô˼
Ҫ˳Ц졣
ȻŭһڤغǱڤ壬ȴҪԲɣ
³ӷǱѾۼһ֪ģ巽棬ӷҲѾչжҲ˵ӷļƻܿҪʩˣҲĻ֮
ʱԼȵıڤ壬ȻҪȥͶЦ죬˵һСĴѽ
ȥڤ壬ˡ
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ǾͽгӷȥϾ壬ǳӷ˼ڳ⣬ӷҪ𡣡
ӷȻɱ˱ڤغҲڤ壬ָԳӷֶ˵Ҳ⡣ûһǳӷļƻأ
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㣬ȥһ˳ӷǱߣ
˵ûǸҪ첻ٰħʢ𣬳ӷһȱϯġˣҲȱϯ
˵ʺ˵ڤغͻűڤʹΪҪȵϵħʢˣ챱ڤغǽʱ򣬳ӷһ¶ģǸʱ򣬹һϷ
һ£ϷԴԴѽղų飬ѾӵϢ֪Ĵļȫˡڣ˵ڤҪ˫ӻʹϵħʢ磬һһѽ
ȻҪǾͲȥҳӷˡ챾ȥӷ絽һô̬ȡ
˳ȥ֮ɸ
磬ղ˵⼸ǧռ˲ôһ£
ǧ磬Ȼͬ磬ȴҲһģ˵ǧ֮е磬һӴޱȵĿռ֮ڣ໥֮䣬ҲǿԴģȴҪһĶȥ󣬶˫Ӵ۵ͨ
ֻڣͨѾ˫Ӵرˣ˵ڰǻԪ磬ǲܸӦĵǧ֮Ŀռ䲨ѽ
ȲͬϾǿеǿߣȾ磬ԺӦǧ֮еĿռ䲨νĴǧռ䲨Ҳ˵磬˲ͣĴ٣ҲĸӦ
ʱ֪ɴǧͨѾ˫Ӵ۹رˣӦռ䲨Ŷѽϵͨڡ
ϵ˫Ӵ֮ͨٿͨģǻʲôˣ
ˣǧ֮жû˫ӴһһָһһЩˣƹǧףǲܴô˵ġҲ˵ֻ˫Ӵۣ˵ĴȺɼȻ˫ӴѾͨرˣǾͲǰҪټ˵ĻҲҪȥͣһͨͳˣ
˵һˣ
ţûȷһˣҲֻǸˣſ޼ɵĴ֮ǣΪʲôҪǰɴû˵ڴǧе磬ġ
磬ʲôǲܵѽģǼѽۼһҪԸ˫Ӵ۵ġ
ҡҡͷ˵ãҪԸ˫Ӵ۵Ļͳˡɵڣһֱǳӷڸ˫ӴûֵģȴʱôĶӦԭ򣡡
ȵ䣬һֲԤУͷ


3116 ڤʹ
յһ磬Цͽ˫Ĵȫټ˫Ӵڵʱûɽ죬ЦȻ⵽Ƿʲô£
˵ΪڽٰħʢĻǸҲûκιϵѽϣȥȥȥҲκ˱ȥ˵˫ССԱȫվ˫ӻʹſڣǴϻͷһѽ
ôˣһͽȫټҲǳûѽôĶѵҪӭӴ۳𣿡
ǵġѵû˵˰ݷλ࣬죬λҪˣſӭݷ֮𡣡
ʲôôĶֻΪӭһˣʲôˣ˴ͷ
ЩԱ벻˫Ӵ۳֮⣬ʲôˣֵЩȫӭӵģ
ҪӭӵĲһˣһˡ׼ȷ˵Ӧ˲Ŷԡ
Ա֮Ѿ˵֪飬ȻֻһͷȴеĹԱȫע߾ۼ˹
ɾʱɽȫ˹ֱӾͽǸҪ˵ӭӺ˵Ĵ󳼸ֹ
Ц챱ڤغݷЦ飬ûдѽʱ㵱˵ЦҪӭӵǱڤ壬˵ʲô͵ֱӸЦ죬ѾͶ˳ӷΪֻгӷ磬Ż֪쵽ʲô˰ݷЦ졣Ȼ˫ӻʺǱߣЦ첻ǲȥɣϾǼ£Ц˫ӻʺΪϾ˫Ӵ۵ĻʺЦҲ̫Σûʵʵ֤֮ǰѵɵ˫˫ӻʺǳӷֱӳ˫Ӵ۵Ķʲô˫Ӵ۵ŮˣͶ˳ӷ磡
˵ڲ˭ֻҪ֪ݷЦǱڤغǱ̱ãЦǱҲ׼ֻ˵ڤ壬Ǿ̶֡
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ɽڷǳСģû취ЦȽɫǲòСѽһãǾǳն
վЦߣ˵ӣЩУѾղҪ˵ڵģǻûļ˭ʱɽǾѾֹסˡ
ţϺϺ꣬湻Сĵġѹִۻ֮ãˣҲȷſ֮ѾԴʧȥüֵҲֲλˣ
ЦʱҲɫȻ޷ͶӷԱҳǾٵȻɡɽˣЦ֪ѾͶ˳ӷ磬ҲǶֵģΪɽ˫ĸ̫˫Ӵ֮⣬κˣ׵ȥǣһǸͲҪӷȥⳡ˫ˣЦֱӰӷˡ
ͬģɽˣ򲻵ѵʱҲЦ췭һǾһʯǧˣһʰˣڣʱ
ʱ˿̣Ц˫ۣѾǰ˫ӻʹ߹ˣȻЦͨ˶ˣˣȻҪĸ
ǸСӣϴθӷһ˵𣡡
ѽǺǱڤˡ֮ǰһ׷ɱء
⻹ˣ֮ǰҲ׷ɱǡôЦҪӭӵģòǱڤɣǿǸӷһԵѽ
Ҫô࣬ȻλҪģǾɡ´۲ڣǲйҲԼûɡ򣬵ȴۻЦһ״Ǿǵˣ
ȷڻû˸ȥЦģ˼ҿ˫ӻȨ˫Ӵ·ŵĻȨҲ˵Цģ˫Ӵۡ
ڤˣѾʹ˹ͷģǱڤغ
ڤغǰ棬ͬʱЦҲֱӴӭ˹ȥ˫ĹԱССԱЦ
ڤ壬˵ѽ˵㱱ڤ˳˫ϵˡָ֪ڣ
Ц㻹浱˫ӴˣȻָָܼ
ҲЦ˵һУñڤغȥ˵ɡ
Ц죬Ȼ˵ڵĻǾһ죬ҲǸӣôӭǡ
ڤΨһӵйħǿߣһĵôࡣţʱգڤʵһᳬԽֱ׷ʨġ
Ц죬Ҳ̫˰ɡԽֱ׷ʨұڤغûԸǵȳ̶ȣϾҲ㣬ûֻЫӳġ
Ыӣһһֻֻ˵ڣڤغ˫Ӵ۲ˣЦ챳Ŀɽ
ڵЦǲȥڤغƽϵģΪЦ컹֪ڤغΪʲôͻȻͬ˳˫Լʱ֣ǵĿľأԼֱӵǵȦ
ȱڤ˫ӻʹ֮ЦŻῪʼεĿĽ˫ӻʹ֮ڣӷӴ˫ӻʹǿҲƵѽңЦΪ˷ֹڤغӷ֣ϣѾ֪ͨ巽棬ҲѾɳǿ˫ӻʹ֮Уһʹ£ǿ߾ͻ̳֡
֮⣬ˣ߱Ǳڤغģ£ҲݣȻһñڤغ۵ģ
ڤ壬лȽʹ˵ɡҲ˵ĵطѽ
ʵڤغĻ᲻֪Цǻлѽǣ˻ʹ壬͵ǽҵĵ̣ĵ̣Ǹʱ㱱ڤغʵǿĹħҲɡЦԸ㣬ѵˣһԸ𡣳㱱ڤغȥڤˣҲǲġ
ɼȻ챱ڤغˣǾͲЦ˫ӻʹ׼һУĻǰģбµģͷɣ

ڸʱ˫ӻʹĳǽ֮ϣһЦ
ȫתͷһֻ˫ӻʹǿϣվˣмǸǳӷ硣
ӷߣľظ磬ǾȻֱӽ˫ӻʹһֱӸӷһˣȫǽ˫
ڤغҲԾӷĳ֣ΪͲµӷ粻ȱϯģֻû뵽ӷȻֱӴ˳֡
˵ӣϸӷһˣ
Ц˵ͷԳǽϵĳӷ˵û뵽ʨӴۣҲӭӱڤѽӣǲСѽ
ֿľظ磬Цʵʣλ˭ľأ˵磿
ӷͲԾЦ֪ľظ磬Ȼ˫Ӵһֵ̳ģǶ飬ȻǺġ˵Ҷ˷ڽҵ£Ѿ֪ˡȻЦûнҴҶ˷ǱߣӷҲõġǴˣЩ飬ղɣ
Ӿľء
ľѾ˻·ѾǸؤˡ
Ҿ硣
Ҳ˫ӻʹ·ֺĵطǵģǾ̫ԲԼˣ
۶ˡ˼Ǿһͬ볯ðɣѾ׼ͣ


3117 ҳӣ
ڰǻԪħǿ磬رĻʹ֮ڣϳԷ֮ΪšЦϾǸӷһԵģϰ֮߳ģ
ԭ˵ȻǳԷǶٷȻҪò͵ĵطˣЦȴڤң뵽˫ĳ֮ϡ˫µĵطҲ˵˫ȨĵأǵĻ˵ʥַģһַˣǾ͵Ƕ˫һ裡
ս볯õʱ򣬳ӷͿڳ֮ϣѾ׼˸ֳԵĸȵģӣЦϻͦλģŵĻǾ͵ӱڤ塣𿴱ڤֻС壬˼ȴǿѽ̣еļ֮ϵġҪӰˣһڤغͲ֪ʲôˡΪصǣһڤغӷ£˫ɹѽǿڻʹ֮ڣҪ֮佫ӷڤغֹҲǲܵġοһľظء
Цֲɵϣôܻڱڤغ˸ս˫ӻʹֱӸɫأǲڸԼ鷳ˡ
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ÿһˣڤĳԱλģҲЦ˵ģŶж٣͸ǰŶλûҪΪС¼ìܳ
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ҲܹЦˣϾж뵽ӷҲܹģңľظЦ춼ûϵǾȻᵨӴֱӸӷһ˫ӻʹģôģЦ춼֪
ӷ磬ҿطûǵλ𡣻߰ɣⶪˣ
ľ̾˿ȻûԼλӣԼʲô
ȴ룬ֱӾָЦ˵˫ٶ࣬ǿٶ࣬컹û취ôţǰɣǴģ
ӷһ仰Ҳ˵Ϊӷ֪ľؿɲǸƢղ˵ȫڸϣ׼Ҫ쭵ġⶼҶ˷ûҶ˷ҪӵԸ˵ֱӾҪҳˣ
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ľֹҪǵˣŰλЦ죬ȫûô˵ʱҲηģû뵽ⰢǻԪ磬Ȼᱻ˵ӡˣһٷʲô˵ġ
˵Ϊʲôԣǵģסǵģǵģǵġһѽ
绹˵Ҳ̫˰ɣˣǸһһġ
ľ˵֪ƨĶֲóԣ֪һطĶǹ˫Ӵ۶Բġ
ŶóԵĶ˵˵ʲô
ľظһһʹЦɫ𽥵˱仯
һòڴǸطעɣ
֮ǰʹڣһط˺ܶҰһûģҲһûҵʱѽЩҰζһܲ
ҿ
⳯ڵˣɽڣľ⻰ųһ亹
ʲôҰȫħ޺òãһȫΪϡеħޣȻȷҰģǶ߼ħѽһ֮£˫Ӵ۶ǾĵǣǲμκεսԱҲ˫Ӵ۾ѡģһãԱ·һ
ľؾȻҪЩҰħޣ˫Ӵ۵ֱӸһʲô
ЦͼˣߵӷǰӰҲ˹صѪӰԱʱֵ׼
Цȴǻ˻֣ʾȫ£Գӷ˵£ȷҰŵǷѣλ˰õλӡ
Цɲӷ嶯ʲôط˫ȨѽﶯԳӷǧ򣬷ǽøٲ˿ɣ
ҿͲ˰ɡ
ӷƵЦЦǻƤ
ӷ磬Ҫ̫ˡԭûǣԼܹġ
ЦԳӷ˵˼Ҳ˵㲻ҪҪԼݣ
ӷҲָָԼǰһλӣ˵ҿǸλӾͦõġ㰲һλӰɣҾȥ

ЦһˣҲһ
ӷ绹浱ĵˣָλӣǿ˫Ӵ۵ĵȻǸλӣⲻҪ˫Ӵ
ӷ磬֪Ǹλӣʲô𣿡
ҵȻ֪Ǵ𡣡
Ȼ֪
ٸ˵ϻѵҾͲ𣿡
ѽӷ籾ۣǸλӣǺ
ֻЦûǸȨҲûǸóӷȥ
ҿⰲŰɡ
ҲѽⰲŵĻҲѡ񡣵һľ˵ģȥҰζȥڶ̸£ҵҡ
ľظҲϻֱӾվʥ޼
Ĺ
˻治һļѽӷ˵꣬ϾҪ֡
õˣȫȫ˳ɽǣҲҪӵģʱ֮䣬ͽӷ˸Χ
˿̵ıڤغҲȥˣŭЦ죬ʲô˼Ǳڤս˫ӻʹ͸һסôڶʾ𣿡
ǳӷ£ڤغȴЦˣЦˣԼ鷳ӷڤغõġ
˻Ȼܵ˫ӻʹˣﻹǳ֮ϣҪǾִˣ˫Ӵ֪öˣ²ҳӷˣЦǵһùģ
ӣְɡһҲ̫ˡ
ЦʵһûʲôƢˣڣƢˡ
ž
һƵЦȻתֱӾһصĶϣ
˺ĿЦ죬λӣǰɴûԼѽһͨˣʵôԼԼµģͻȻĳ֣һ֮£ˣ
졣
ЦŭһһζŭЩССĹԱȫųһ亹
ɽͬʵҲڵſϷЦ첻Ǻ𣬽쵹뿴ô¡
ӷ˿Ҳһ仰˵ڤغǱߣҲŭ˵ȫЦ첻ӡ
Ц죬˲Ǳڤӣǽ죬ʹһɡ
ʱ֮䣬ڤˣȫ˳
ӷ簵ԴЦǰɣƾһЦ죬Ҳ棡ûȷмˢӣ۲ˣҳӣ㻹Զˣ


3118 ˫ӱ
ʱɵ˶ĳӷڤغǣںϻ̨ϷءֻϷ̨˫ӻʹĳ֮ϣΪЦǣڤغǻЦӭӽģһǴ˫СС£ȫԱһӭӽġ
治֪˫Ӵ֪ˣкθأӵһˣǸҴ׵ģһ˫Ӵһģɽ죬ȴ˵ϷŪ˵ˣⲻҲ˫Ӵ۵صĳһ
ڵЦ˵жˣ֪˵㻰ҲӦðѱڤغǴ˫ӻʹӷ绹һ˵㻰
ڼȻѾˣҲѾ֮⳯ˣҪʹ˽ᣬǲ̫ܵġ
ȻЦҲλˣȻԷҪ£λӸҲġ
ΪҪģǽⳡϷֹͣǲκδۣȻǲеģһ֣˳ӷ»˼ҿǰͲȶֵģֻҪκһ˸Ҷ֣ǳӷ缸ˣбڤغǣͲκεĹ˼ˡ
˵ڱڤغ˵ķ쭸ӷ˲ͬҲͬɣЦԼӡ
ӷ磬ڤغǲҪ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪Ⱥ֮Уʲô˴һ漴ЩûͶӷˣͶ˳ӷˣڳ˼ƣеҪ֣еֻӰˡ
Ц֪ʱԼҪҪȻ˫ӳãͻֱⳡսлٵġ
⣬Ц컹һ뷨ǿߣἰʱֹϧǣڣڻʹǿߣҲһ㶯ûСЦ첻֪ǿߵڸʲôôġɼȻǿ߲棬ǶȻǵĵ˵Լߣûˣ
ȫס֡
ЦһŭȴûжԳӷڤغ߷ŭǶЩҪֵĹԱŭ
һʲôѵﶯֲɣҲʲôطǳ֮ϣһ˭ܱ֤ûģ
Ц˼Ѿȷˣܱ֤ڸӷ磬ڤغ˫֮£⳯˿𻵵ĻҲֹǣֹȫ֧ǣֵµѪӰ̾ͻ෴ûǵȰգǱñ٣˭ܳе
еĹԱЦ⻰󣬻ûκ˸ˡ⳯ãûЦʲô£˼ֹģǲǾԼùˡڹ˭ȥɵ϶ȥġ
Цûһ˸ǰߵ˳ӷڤغ֮䣬˵λ£ȫЦĴЦûаźáȻֻΪһλӵ⣬Ƿǳýӷ磬˫ӳãʲôطɣҸұ֤κֹġڱڤ壬ҲҪŭ֮ǰ£ֻǸᣬЦ첻ӡ
Ц仰˵ʵӷڤغ˫ûˡЦ仰ӷƣҲװˡ
ȻˣӣȻҲӡˣȫصԭλȥ
ڤغһ£ڤڤȫصλϣҲϣҲ˻ȥ
ھͳӷˣЦ΢΢һüͷҶѾ˵òӷɲҪôѽ
ӷЦһʵ˼ǣǸλӣҲֹˣ
Ǹλӣ˵ģ˫Ӵ۵ĵıʵһţÿһεۣһš˫Ӵ۵ǰ磬ħʱʹӰǻԪߴ˼Źȥÿһŵӵǿ˵ӷ粢ǵһμˡڵĵ˫Ӵ۵ģӷǼŲһ
㣬ֻһλѣȻ۲ڣȥһ£ҲûʲôܵġϾҲۣű㣬Ӧòʲôųɡ
ӷֲɵЦڰʾ˫ӱȻ˫Ӵ۵ģ˾ͲϣӷҲۣɲʨӴ۵ı㵽ʱʲô£ɸһϵûѽ
ӷȫͲЦ죬һӶѣԼⶼӦĻʻʲôʸȥ˫Ӵ۱˶Կġ
ֱӳǰ˫ӱȥ˫ӱʮ׵ʱ򣬳ӷȻֹͣ˽Ų
ˣȫڳӷߣһŵħ󣬶˫ӱǰҲһ޴ħÿһħУһЫӵ״ɾ˫ӴͳģҲǷֹ˿˫ӵ֮λġ
ȨǱϵȨصȨȨָģЦյĻȨӵɱȨصȨͬ㣬Ҫ˫ӵģᱻ˫ӴͳħֱĨɱ
ľظ˿ûȥӷ磬ھҲǰﲻ˵ģֻվԭؿš
ͬڤغҲͷųĹħҪȥ̽һЩħģϧǣڤغĹħһЩħ󣬾ֱӻ߽ˣڤغ˺ü
ӷתͷһ۱ħ˵ıڤغʵԼ壬ҲѾǿסˣһҲ޷ǰС
Ц췢һЦ˵ڤ壬ԼСѽ
Цڷ̱ڤغղŲǺôڵ˫Ӵ۵ħ󣬾ܽˡһҿ
ڤغ˫¶׹⣬ǰδйı֣Ц⻰ɱ˵ĳ嶯ȴǿסɳ嶯
ӷ磬ȥǿǧҪǿһλӵġЦЦӷ硣
ɳӷܷܲذɣʵҲܷˣЩħӷƲˣǾǳӷԼùеħ󣬻ͬһʱ䣬ӷġ
˵һɲҪʱѽ
İɣЩħǿҶԳӷ˽⣬ȻǰˣǾһаյġӷ粻ǸˣҲһڹȥ֮ǰѾ뵽λӣôġ
ϣ˰ɣһˣɲǶԼˡͬᱻЦЦģ
ľûһͨˣʲôʸЦǣȳӷȥ֮ӵ뿴ôı顣
ʵˣ㿴ӷȥ𣿡
ɽҡҡͷ˵Ϸ治֪Ͼ˫Ӵ۵ıʵһʼӷͲӦôǸעġҪֵȫѽƫƫѡ˫ӱ˵ӷȥǶ˵Ǵˣ
˵ûȥǳӷţʹˣ֮ͶǵˣҲԽԽġǳӷ£ûᣡ


3119 ǿ
ЦҲɵӣӲκ˿˫Ӵ۵ı˫Ӵ۲ڣߣǶֻ·һЦҲԲŹġ
ɳӷ粻ͬӵǧʨӴۣ˫ӻʹ֮ڣ˭ֵܵס˵Ҫڳӷ綯ǧ֮ǰѹסĻֶΣͱҪȳӷ練Ӧ죬ҪΪǿСǣ˫ӻʹ֮ڣЦ֮⣬˭ķӦӷȵģֻϧǣЦǸͨˣһӷͿ˵ռ˱ˡ
Щ˫ӻʹǿߣҲ޷֤һѹƳӷ磬ǲ¶棬һ¶ˣͷǳѣ
ڣЦųЦԳӷ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣Ųٷ֮һĿ϶ӷ޷ͨЩħƵġ
ǣӷ᲻֪˫ӱʲôǲǴ˫Ӵ۵ĻȨͬʱ˫Ӵ۵ĵšһ˫ӱ˶ˣǾ͵˵˫ӱˣֱӴ˫Ӵ۵ĵţ˫Ӵ۲ڵʱܳԽǵš
Ȼ˫Ӵ׼ҳӷҲɵñġһնûеĻһֱ𣬻ô˵棬˵Ҫȥ
ӷڰһС֮ǰǧûжãӷҲȫ㶯ãûжǧ֮£ͬ˫Ӵ۵ЩħǶڳӷţͻӵǿˡǽ˵ԭӷʨӴ̵ۣģҲѽʵҲصķǳ
ӷģȻҲ̣Щһʶһ£Լ֮ʵ˵ڰɡ
˶ųӷϵʱ򣬳֮⣬һŮ˽Ůһۣһ֧Ůɵ̶ӣߣŮ֧Ѿ޴ɡһŮˣȻ˫ӻʺˣ
˫ӻʺ󶼵ˣڳȺȻҪǰġҲЦȺǰ˫ӻʺѾǵǰ
Цһóһ·ˣҲȫɢ˿
˵ǰʱЦĴֱ£˱ڤ壬ľظ֮⣬ˣȫ
ݼʺ󡣡
ЦνǴȺһҲ֪ʺ⣬ûʵʵ֤֮ǰЦҲǲ˵ġ
һӣһ仰û˵ʾ˶ƽ
Цǰ˵ʺﲻȫôˣ
ѵ⳯ÿҪЦͬⲻɣ
ʱȺǰ֣ر⳯ãǸġɽ죬ˣһڳʺļܹЦһĿЦ
˼ֻڳӷ
Ѿ֪ˡȻӷҪ۵ıбµĻҲûֹ
ʵЦҲģӷбȥǾٶֹҲûõģȥ
ʺ˵ûħӷǵʵƵġ˵ˣ֮ǰûûκε£ֱǰûġ
Ц˵⻰ʱ΢΢̧ͷһı飬ȴϹžȫͲӷйϵѽûϵĻϴΪʲôҪأ
Цȫ޷ȥ̬ҲǸûĻˣûκĻŮ˵Ϊ򵥵ģЦȴ̫ˣԣ飬κεı仯
ȻȻҲ³ӷ£ɼȻһ㶼ģҲ˵ӷһ˸ס
˿̣˶˵һ仰ȫ˳ӷ硣ӷȴһνӣֻȫֵסħϮϴǧĻ壬Ļ壬㲻ãЩħҲ޷˼ӷֺ
ȥҲǸ취ѽѵϲȥ͸ɸɵվﲻɣ
Ȼǣӷʱ΢΢һ䣬ͬʱˣҲоӳ֮⣬һޱȹֱӳ˽
ǿ֮䣬ȫ˳ӷϣӷһϲˣ
ЦȴһĳԾȻԼǸͨˣ˵ͨˣҲ֪ˣӷġ
ɽˣȫһ񣬿漴ȫӦ˹
ʱ˫ӻʹ֮ڣ˭ӷ磬ʵӷģ˲֣һͿ԰ӷ緭̣֮⣬¾Բбˣ
ֻڳ֮⣬ʱ֮䣬ϡĴֻƬ֮䣬ȫֹͣ
һƵʿͷˣӳܽææˣˣ
淢ʲô£Цּʵʱ򣬲κ£ǶܻС£
ˡڻʹ֮ڵǿߣȫȫˣ
ʲô
𾪣ǾԵ𾪣Ц죬֮⳯ڵˣȫˡ֪Ľӷ磬Ϊ֮һ
Ҳ̫ǿ˵ɣĴżĹǿߣȫɱ
Ҫ֪ȻЦǱģ巽;Բɳ򵥵Ľɫ֮߱µĽɫڣ֮䣬ǿߣȫˣЦô彻ѽǱߣֽôķӦѽ
ǿߣȫˣ
ǵģʬȫ棬ңһڷŵʮ룡
ЦɫԽԽѿôܣ˶ڳ֮ڣԼɵ˫ӻʺҲѽôʲôˣɱǿأһ֮䡣
ǻԪ磬ʵģ˫Ӵ֮⣬ֻһָˣָˣܲѽ
ʲôˣ׻ʲô˸ɵģ
ȫ͵Ц룬ӷǱߣҲѾʼˣ
ֻڳӷȫʼԱߵħ󣬸ӷǰħҲʼ
ã
Цһ̾ʲôЦǿ߱ɱһɱڣ洫Ȼӷƽ˫Ӵ۵ħ
ֹ

ӷһЦʱֹң̫˵ɡ
Ц죬ղ˵ʲôţ
ӷǲмЦͷƤʼ飡
ӷ磬
ϻܹʲô
ˣֹ
ʥ
֮
˭ǰһ飡
ľظ˵ǰһʱڤغûжſϷɡ
ӷ絥һ̤أֻϳһѺۡһĹеħ󣬿ʼһըӷȻһһֱӳ˫ӱ˹ȥ


3120 
飬飬顭
ıըڳ֮һĺֱ˳õĻƽ֮ϣȻ𽥵ɢȥ
Цʱ򳹵׻ԭΪӷͲʹ˫Ӵ۵ıģʵҲˣڲ֮£Գӷǽƻƽʵ˵ƳһЦԼ֮κ˶Ǵ򲻹ġ
˭뵽ڹؼʱ򣬳֮һǿޱȵϯֱ˳ӷȫǰӷ罫˫Ӵ۵ħȫƵˣͬʱʹ֮ڵǿߣҲ֮䱻ɱ
ɱЦԴǿߣ涼û¶ͱ˸ɱˣǺεȵʵӵŴ˵ʵˣڻʹ֮ڣЦȻһҲû
̫ˣǸʵ̫ˣȻ֮ɱǿߣͬʱ԰ӷ˫Ӵ۵ħˣ¾ļˣδܹӦɣ·ǻԪ磬Ҳֻ˫Ӵһˣ֮ƥеİɣ
ʲôˣʲôڰӷ磿ѵǵʨ𣿲ѽʨģԵʨ˵Ҳ͵͵飬˰ǻԪ磬ʨʦ˫ͱˣ
Цʵ벻ʲôˣҲָܻѽָʵָݣҲ͵͵ѽ廹ָĻضֱġ
Цʳӷ磬ղųְĵʲôˣЦҲ֪ȻӷһǿƣͲױ¶첻˫Ӵ۵ħ·ǸǿߣҲЦ췢ֵģ
˿֮⣬ʬ壬Ѿİڷ£ˣǾѾԶ뿪磬ڵħޣҲѾˣ
ÿ£
ڳӷ˵뷨ȷ̫ˣӷ֮ǰҲûʶȵʵָ治Ķ֣ȲȫͶĻʮħʦ֮λӣҲֲָˣ
˿̵ĳӷѾͨħķΧˣѾ˫Ӵ۵ĵϡ
ŵȫЫγɣӷǰʱḧһ·ֵλãɵķһЦ˫Ӵѽ˫Ӵۣ㲻ڣλӣɡҲὫλӸǾڻ֮ǰλӣʲôڲͬĵط
ӷ粻ҪλӣűҪһȫµı֮ǰӷǲģϾ˫Ӵۻڣھͽıˣ˫Ӵۻһġ
ŵȨıӷҲЦǿ־飬ֱӾȥ
ڳӷһȥʱЦҲѾӦ˹ŭ߳ӷ磬ϸﲻġ

ӷһЦ˵ղźԼİɡôˣֲͬ𣿡
˫Ӵ۵ĵʨӴ۵ġбµĻһʨӱ
⻰˵һĲѽô˵ڵңҲǽѽȴһȥҵĵЦ죬ڷ𣡡
ҿȻ֪ǽûĽģԼˡ
ӷ磬ʲô£Ƕ˵Ψλӣ㲻ġҾ㣬ϸ
˵Ц죬ӷ˼㣬ȥģ
Цһ㶣ڳһ˫ӻʺˡ
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ٸϻֻ֪ǲ㣬ͬӷϴ۵ıģ
ǵġΪ
ˣȻȥģǽ£ͱҪееĺȴۻ֮󣬱Ὣԭԭĸߴۣ͵Ŵ۵Ĵðɡ
˵꣬תˣҲûʲôˣܹʵֻΪ˿֣ȻѾˣٲߣܾͻ¶ŵġ
ľظ磬ȫܵ˳ӷǰľʵλӣ𣿡
ȥһɵѪζ
㲻ϲζ𣿡
˭ϲѪѽǱεġôǲҲ
λӣһ治ҪĻʱʨӱ
˫Ӵ۶ûܣպҪӷλˣ쿪а
ȴһ˵
ӷҲϻֱ
ɲӷǱߣֱӾ˫ӱ֮ϣһ˫վġ
Цʱŭŭ߳쵰磬ҹ
ѽҡȥֻҪ
ѽֻҪȥǸطЦȥȥˣ˵ʲô˵ҲǸλˡ
ЦڻѾͿˣֱӾҪȥˣڣԱߵӰֹסˣ˵ӣȥˣȲ˵İΣû˿Ա֤ô˫۾ء
ЦƽһԼģ˵磬ڸ㻹湻ѽ
㷢ˣôˣھڿˣͿҲˡҵĻ£͵˽㲻ҵĻǾ鷳һҵ˹
绰䣬ͻأӳ֮⣬ִһ
ˣ˷
һתֻһߣӳ滺Ʈ˽û׷ߣƮģ˫۶ûأȴڽ볯֮ǰһڳÿʬ壡
ǿǿƣֱӽ˫ӻʹڿסϢ˫ӻʹ֮⣬ûдطȥ
ʲôˣȻӵǿ֮ǰеһƴѽ

ӷһϼһѵļ
Цߵĵʱ˿ݣȻӭǰֹͣƮЦ΢΢һʮֹЦ죬
Ȼϼһļѽ
ЦһƺڵˣʱҲһͷ亹
ļǸ˫ӻҵķ֧˵˫ӻһҪǿ壬֮׵
ôֻܹΪӷȫûҪԹѽѵΪ˸ղɱ֮
ûȥЦһۣ⳯õΧɨһۣ֮󣬱۾һӴʶֽ˫ӻʹ
á
ӷΪ֮һųǿʶ佣ʶҪϺüٱӦ˵Ǻüǧ򱶶ţȻҪѰҸղԼɱ֮˵ģҲȣ
ӷɲҵȣϾϼһʵҲ˶ѽ
ӷȻһŭϼһڴˣȻ


3121 
ȫûӷҲûȥӷһۣ˫۾֮ڣͣɨţʱʱȫͬķȥûĳӷ硣
ϼһҲ̫Ϊ˰ɣںӷ籾Ϊǧֵܵס𡣱˵˫ӴۣҲûоԵİգȥǧ򿹺ѽ˫ӴҲûҪ³ӷˣֱɱˣ¡
ӷȫΧɽΣֱӾͳ
Цȫһ壬ȻڳҲֻЦһûʵòģԳӷʱҲ˵СӰɣ͵ӷ㣬ⲻô
ЦۿӷҪ嵽ǰ󺰵Сģ
Цһ󺰣ȫûƵģҲ˵ǸӰ㣬˫۾ǳΧɨš
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Ц컰䣬ֻߵӰͬʱ֣ѪӰˣҲȫˣֳӷΧ
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ֻڵҲǳӷƿصģȻѾˣѵӷ绹˵Ȳ

һЦӳ֮⴫˽˿̣Żתųӷ磬ʵڿõĴſڡ
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ѾԼǰЦܺãЩһЩı˭áֻСôȥˣôһ꣬һϹͷأ


3122 ĩսѣ
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˵磬ڸոտʼǻԪǱ߻ûô졣㿴ҪҪ֪ͨһ³ӷ磬Ǳ׼
ûǸҪ˵ˣӷǱԹ˲ϾǻԪˣҲȫ֪Ǳ߽Ҫ飬ƾ˫ӴۣҲ֪
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üͷһۣһ˵Ľţһĩսѽ


3123 Ǳսɣ
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һڿһӴȣȻڳкܶûȣɵӴΣɢƣ˵ĺҪϢ˰ܣ
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ܶ಻ʶȵĹԱҲһˣܰɣȣ֣ܶǰѾǻԪˣھȻٳˣ
ȿ̻һҲǰֵܸǰ̫𣬳֮⣬ʵȵĿУǸǰһģǰ֣һǱһսҲ̻Ϊǿ֮ͲȥСκεˣǵˣʵΣȫһսġ֮ǰȥӷˣΪѰȣ͸Ŀռ磬Ϊ˷ֹӷǼģ
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̻̾˿˵ȴ磬˵ĻһսҲ룬Ҳ˵ˣҵͬǣսɡ


3124 ԣ
Ҫսұս仰˵Ƕôѽںܶ˵仰ѹҲ൱֮ġû㹻ʵ֮ǰĻ˵ڣҲɱûκε˵ĻȻ˵ڣмˣʸ˵ģ
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ܿ϶飬ӷҲʲôӦԵĴʩȸ̻̬ȣһսעģΪ˫Ӵ۵֣̻ҲܻŹȣ
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ʱѾħʢ翪ʼʱ򣬿ڣ˭ȥʲôħʢѽ˵˫ۣҹеǿߣ˭գһ۾ӲҵͷۣҲҪ̧ͷգ۵ĿţǴκһϸڡ
˫ӻʹڵĳӷ磬ȸ̻ڶ֣˵ӣħʢ磬Ǹ㲻ˣܸ㣬ҲƳ٣ˣĻ飬ҲҪƳˣ
㲻ѽ֪̻ͻȻðˣȻֱġ
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ӷ綼Ѿȥˣվ˫ӻʹ֮ڣŭȵǲҴ򡣡
Ȼģһɾ޴ԳӷڱΧ˳ӷ
˫ӻʹڵˣȫӷˣ漴ӷֱӾͳȸ̻Աߣʱ֮䣬ҹ֮УγԵľƣ


3125 ˫Ӵ۹
ӷʵǿȥˣڿдһʱ䣬ϴϣȻһ㶯ҲûУҪ֪ħʢϣɻҪأôһ㣬˭˼ȥʲôħʢѽⲻڻҵ
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ͷҲɵѽӷ˵ɵĻɾǽ˫Ӵ۵ǿƣȫ¶˳֮ǰʧˣĳӷԸͶճڳӷҲ̻ȻܳΪļ̣ȻҲǲ׵ġ
ӷȴΪ̻ҴԼ뷨һʱ˵ûҽ֪ĵ̵ж٣ֻҵĲ²⣬㾳Ҳʮʮ֮ɣʹڵǲУȾ磬ʯģƾһָͬİɣģһ治
ӷͿʵ̻ʵǲµģʯļȴ޷̤ʹڵļ̻˫Ӵšۡʹڣɲ˵ܵġֲͬƾǳħѾһ̤ʹڣؼʱ̣ҲԱʹڵʵɲÿһˣǰѽ˵ӷʵ²⣬ѣѵ֮УǷű˫Ӵ۸ۣΪۣļ
ӷ磬ʲôʮҵϴ⡣
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ߣȻˣߵ𣿡
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ӷܸоԭȣȳӷϤ

ӷһļһôʱܻˡ
̻ųӷȣɵЦӷ磬ղ˵ʲôǰɣǺãսɡ
ǼһˣҸ֣֮ǰҪɱ㣬׾١
ӷ绰䣬߿֮УͻȻ¡һֻһΪϵ˵ӷ磬۲뿪ʱ䣬û뵽Ȼ˵İ֣ô¡
ûղǹǿ󵽿ֲ˫Ӵۣ

һ޴Ĺ⻷Ӹ߿ǵض£ӷȣ̻ͬʱһͼǹ⻷ڳӷ˵ԭأһǿҵıը
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3126 ˽
Ǹ˫Ӵ粻أƫƫʱ˻ĻҶ˷ǱߵļƻضҪıģϾ˫ӴʶҶ˷ģ൱أһӷûļȥȣҶ˷ض·һġǼһɲǳӷ磬˫ӴۻħʱҶһ˵˫ӴۼҶ˷磬ɾͻɱֵġ
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߿֮չֳ˫ͷЫӣѾ̻ЦǾͬ˾ǰ㣬ϾҪͬʱԸӷ̻ҲһնûС˫Ӵ۵Ļع飬ýⳡϷ˷츲صĸı䡣
ӷ˫¶׹⣬ڸղŸоһǿֱס½ʱѾµ˫ӴҪˡǣղ½֮Ϊʲô֮䣬ֱӳ˫ӳ֮أٶȣҲδֲ̫̫˵ɣ֮ǰ˫Ӵ˵й֮޲ѽһǹôһġ
ӷ˫۴˿ֿȣֵ֮ĳԹˣŭ
˵һ̻ȻȫɣĻ˫Ӵۣ֮֮ޣ߼һûֱӳȥ˫ӴƴΪ㹻ļǿǱˣͲסˡ
ȫ˵¹ҲúܶˣǼʶ˫Ӵ۵ĵ֮һ֣ǵ˿ɵǿûǧ֮£ܱ˵˫Ӵۣ治ѽ
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ӷһЦ˵˫ӴۣɲҪˣ˫ӣʨӡ֮䣬ҳ֮㱾͸Ǹȥʽˡ˵ҲûзΪΪԭӡ
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ѡ
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ȣû£ǲҪ֣򣬵һģɲ㡣
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ӷȶͬʱһ˫ӴۣȻ֪ݣѽ֪ȵãΪʲôЩὫأⲻΪ


3127 ƽ٣
ȵΪ֮һû뵽˫Ӵ۾Ȼ֪ݣɼȻ֪ΪʲôҪأ
ϸһĻʵȻǿ˫Ӵǰȴܸ˫Ӵκεв˫Ӵ۽ߣȻΪ˵ʱ߷ʲôĻȥǣȵġ˫ӴҲɵѽ෴ĺܣպȷ涼׼ˡ
ֻǣ˫ӴۺȻ˼ҲȫΪвȽ׽ġӣõԸƢ˫Ӵûȥвȣ£ûͬھȻνͬھ˫Ӵǲµģֻȫһ֣ͽˣ˫Ӵڵòȫ֮£ʲôȥԿӷǧأгӷǸȻۣҲ˫Ӵ۷ǵõȫܶԸġ
ڣһ˫Ӵ⻰˶侲ɲȥЦҲ˫Ӵɱ׼ֻҪһûȶǾͽһغ
ҹ֮ϣӷ˶ԣһʱ֮䣬벻һĽ֣ѽǳӷ粻֣˫ӴҲᶯֵģɶ¾˫ӴۻǲӣֻҪȲԸӷһˣ治ˣ˫ӴҲаսӷˣ
ˣȫڹעҹеһĻڽֵϣȴҹֻĴ壬ȴ漴˫Ӵ۸˻
ӣⳡϷӵľˣ˭ҲⳡϷһ˫˫۾̻ʱǸȥգһˡ
ӷںΪѣҲ֪ǲܶϵģٲȶԼκεķպ󣬶ȻܸԼ޴İԳӷ罫һᣬ˵˺ɣҸ

ǰӷǧֻҪû˫ӴѹƣӷҲܴڲܵĵزڵ˫Ӵۣӷȶǿ͸ģ֪һӵʲô벻ĵƣһԲ巽ĵơ
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á
Ⱦһо˫Ӵ˫еĽϤԼĻӵͬһ޵⡭
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ֻ˫Ӵۻһǿޱȵڹһ˫ƽצӣ໥֮ײһ£½ζ
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˫Ӵŭ߳һ˫ƽצӵ֡ɱȫһ֡
˫Ӵۣõһֵȫأûȫҵ뿴θҵǧԿ
ӷ˿Ҳŭ߳һǧ
Ц㵱ǰʱС𣿱۵ʵѾ۷壬ʹ۷壬Ҫ߳һΡԱ۵ʵһֵȫҪӵŽСǿĶ࣬ȣҲǿࡣ
ȷ˫Ӵ˵ûϾʵ֮ϣʵȥȫһ֣ǲöġ
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ҲκһӳȥҲȳӷ˫ӴۿսͻȻ֮䣬ҹ֮ƣͣľۼ˫ӳǣ½漴ǻԪ磬һסǣ֮䣬·룬һĿն˰ǻԪĲͬλãһʮһٸһһڸ
ڵĿն֣һϢڵĿնУ˳


3128 ǧ©
鲼ǻԪĩյսʾһҪȥֿڵĿնĹϢأ·ںΪһ壬ǻԪ磬ǻعһƬ硣
־壬ĻţһеһУʱ֮䣬ǵԺС
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Ҽǵүүʱ򣬺һΰǻԪ硣ʷϵļȴʮֵģû˵үүʱܹʲô
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ӣ£Ҳܹܵġȥɣʲô£׻ģһԼɡ
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˫Ӵ۶֪飬ӷӲ֪ˣϾڵĴǧ磬˫Ӵ۵ͳ֮С
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һ֣ûһʲôˣʶ֣һھϣֵĽ֣
ӷ磬˫Ӵۣˣڼ߿ֵֺͭͬʱ񣡡

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Ǹγ֮󣬳ӷ粻գһ۾۾һգһ֮ھϵ֣ʧˣţֳ֣ȴһˣĸ֣
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ӷЦһ˵˵ջ˵ģ
ⲻܣʼһôû֪еԴȫͲڴǧˣ֪ǲˣһĴڡ˵ʼ棬ǲܹջеġڣһǴǧ©ĹϵŻᷢ顣
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˫Ӵ۾ȻҲ֪©飬һ֪©Ϊǧ©Ҳ˵һǧе©


3129 Ԫǿ߾
ʮ۵Ĵͳ˵һνһΣֱʮεͳΣǲӦóκεĴġųӷĳ֣ȴ˫Ӵͬһʱ֮У͸ԭʮ۴ͳżˡΪۣԭͲӦóһģڲǳˣǰ׹ۣиģЩȫ˵©йϵҲ˫Ӵ˵Ĵǧ©
ڴǧ©֮У˫Ӵ۳ΪһҲ˵ǧ©˸ǿ˫Ӵۣ԰˵ǧ©ɵһУ˫Ӵ˵Ƕаһģ
ǧ©ɵѣ˫Ӵ۵ɫҪȳӷ绹Ҫѿ
ӷȫ벻ͨΪʲô˫ӴۻķӦӦΪЩеǧ©˵ž޴ôġӷ˫ӴǾֵ񣬸Ļŵı֮󣬳ӷԿ϶飬˫ӴۣҲʼδһѽ
߿޴֮ͭĹϢңڵĿն֮ڣвͣĹϢǷ·ԴԴϵӿ밢ǻԪ磬Ҳ֪ǴʲôطģӲ֪ЩϢôγɵġ
ڶڳӷ˵Ҳеôģ˫Ӵ۴˿ûȥӷ˽ᣬ˽ᣬҲעɵġ
Ȼ˫Ӵ˹˼˵ģңֺαʱȥأɲҪͷͬԼڣҪܵǣ
ǿĹ߿֪ͭᷢʲô飬Ӳ֪޴ͭ㹻ĹϢ֮ᷢʲô仯Կ϶һǣӴޱȵӦԴʼģͭľϣҲʼšҲӦʼΪǿ˵ʼıԴǧ֮еκҪĶࡣ˵£Ͳˣܹǿֵ
һǿɵģǻԪ磬ΪУ磬λһУκˣġ
ӷɲɵȥĵ飬Լǧأȫֽ֣ءˣ¾ǶʼƳģֵܵסʼıԴ
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˫ӴǴӳӷĻзӦ˹ųӷ磬·һЦ㣬˵ӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɣѵΪ£ֻڰǻԪ𣿡
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ӷڲõ˫ӴҪԼȥڻңԼһҲһȥֵ
˫Ӵ˵յͬʱӷѾγһֱߣֱϷѹͭͬʱǧҲѾ˳
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˫Ӵۻ˵Ц֪콫еƾһΣȹˣҲǽһеһУȫ¶˳ӷǰǶ˫Ӵ˵ûκεĺôġǣЦ컹Ǳһ֣ߵ̻˵ʱҪȴǱʵڵֵס֮ٳǲһԣͽеĵƱ¶˳ӷ硣
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3130 󱬷
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3131 ̸
ǿ½˫ӴۣʱҲӵȫһ֣ħѾ۷壬ҲȫֵסӷȫɡǧԻһУһڳӷȫʱ̣һ½֮У˸߿е֮ͭ⣬һɣ
ӷ磬˫Ӵĵǻɳӷ综ʧķ裬򣬲˵ķѽճӷĴ˵սǲȫǧģҲ˵һķֻҪӷһȫеҲľǸʱ򣬱˵ⰢǻԪ磬ڵ磬ͨеͨˣһͱӷˡ
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3132 ƽٱս
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3133 Ѿˣ
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ʮ룬ʮ룬ʮ룡
ڣǽӽͭ
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һ⣬ͬһʱ䣬˷ɢ˿ԽԽǿңԽԽܼ˵ǰһģ˵˫һը
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˫ӳǾȻȻûг棡ˣȫȥһᱻɢĲģ
ѽʱˣǾȥģֻҪµ˫ӳڣΪȫġ
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ٿͭӷеĲλһǿɢȥ֮󣬳ӷ˫Ӵۣ˫һΪӷǿͭȻһ¶ûУ

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⣬ʱ֮䣬Ϊһϼ⣬Щϼ֮ͭϲͬĲλͷųǻԪ粻ͬλ֮ϣʱûκεƻֻӷ˫ӴۣܸоӦͭû´ƻָʾҲ˵ͭĿǰֻˣûı
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ӷȻѾľϾҪ׹ˣȴҲŭ߳ٸһסѵҲһ뷨𣡡
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˫Ӵ˵꣬ͭͷųϼ⣬ϼ֮أѾ𽥲˱ըÿһıըޱȵľ޴Щըһȫչ磬λҲˡ
ӣǻԪ磬Ǵȥˡ۱Ҫ
˫Ӵ۽컹ǣÿһ仰ֻ˵һ롣Ҳ˵ԼǲΪҪġ
ӷҲʱ˫ۻһ׹ȥңѾˣ


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ţĵʲôӷʨӴ۵Ȼ޷˿˺ľĳӷ磬Ѿʼ׹䣬ٿ˫Ӵ۵ķӦ飬ɣǴҪˡ
Ȼ۶˵飬Ǿƨɶĵᷢʲôµ顣
УܴӦ˵ܴʲôطֻҪڰǻԪ磬Ƕǵģԣ˫Ӵ۵ϣֻҪ˫Ӵۿͨ磬λͨˣļܵġҲҲλǲҲͬ飬ٲȰǻԪذɣ
ȻŮͬʱ˫Ӵ۵ǰ½ͳߣǵȶʱ˫Ӵ۵Ļ³˫ӴԼ֮⣬κˣǱɵġ
˫ӴһôˣȻŮﶼи˵Ҳģ˫ӴĻȥ˵ֻҪԼպ磬ͬԽһ֧ǿӴֻҪһнпܣ
˵ȻŮ֪˫ӴҪڰǻԪһܵģ½ͳߣ˹ۣǶҳôҲĹġͨһͬ뿪ɡǣ
˫ӴȻŮȷһһֱģҲǵǼ٣ЩԼܶ顣
˵Ҫ뿪ǻԪ粻̫ܵĻǴ뻹ûġ˫ӴҲ֪ҪȥؽԼ˫ҲҪмϰײѽһˣǧ綼ԼǺܶ飬Ҳǲġ
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ͭϼ⣬ϼɵƻƳ֮ȫƣͬһ𣬱һʱѹסƵģ޴ͭҲǸеһвеϼȫջأǾ޴𶯣Ҳֹͣ
˫Ӵ۸ȻŮʱ˿̣ȫסˣסˣסˡû뵽ͭǿˣ˵ǲ俹ġڣƵĳ֣Ȼ֮䣬ͽͭѹסˡ
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ԣˣԵ磬Ŵŵǵװɹ˵װ磬ˣǴĿ
ӷЦһȻ˵һ㣬ҾˡĻʱ˵ڣԵ̫ˡ󣬳ӷ˵ңǾˡ֣ͽˣ
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£ʼδǰǻԪ磬ǧ磬ڣͬ顣µԴͷȴڰǻԪ硣
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3135 
񻰹⻹û֣չֳƾѾǾˣǻԪȫɵۣмۼʶһµʨʵҲнŸη壬ǸңĵһǿߣǸħʦаϵһҲ˵ǽħʦаҲֻǸҰװˣҲǸֻ֪鱾ˣȴΪ棬ͳһʱĵһǿߡ
νõĶǶݵģһʱǿܸһĨȥӡǵĻҲܳΪǿߡħľ磬ڶ˫ӴۣѾߵļˣӷǧѾˣɾ˫Ӵۼϳӷ磬ΣҲ޲ߣһľʼ䣬һβ;Ҫģؼʱ̣ʱ̣۵ͻȻʱ֮䣬ƣͽǻԪ
ǻԪӴǲ˵ģһ˴磬һ˴ĽλȴƾͿȫסɴ˿ɼ۵ľֵһôĵزأҲǿһôĵزأȫͲ˫Ӵ۸ӷܹѽѲɣ۵ʵѾһδ֪һδ֪ľ粻ɣ
ȻŮվ˫Ӵ۵ߣˣۿų۳ֵģ˿̳Ѿסľĳӷ绺أ˫ӻʹ֮ڣ˫ӻʹҲȫóһƬյأЩһӶԸˣѵȥӵĳ۽оɣǿɲôˣ۶мȥЩһһۣһ˫˫η۾ϣʱĳۣ˫֮иûǵĴڣ
ǿߵĿУһѾ׷ǿĿУеģѾǷ豹ǵͨ˰ɡ˵թڳ￴ȫͲмһˣԼѾˣ֪ԼһˣԼļͥ޶ԼĶӣԼŮδеӣȫԼı³ɳĻǶЩ˵̫ˣһо֪űˣ㱳ǸԼܳһƬ޴գôأ̫Ȥ̫ζ̫ˣ
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ͬǰ۾Բ֣Ҳɼ˳һѳӷˣ飬˵ʼδģʼǧ籬˳һΣҲ˵ǽȫڴǧ֮䲻ͣĴţȥֹλΣԼٰǻԪ磬ߵΣ󣬳ϥӵǧĳӷ綼ˣ˫ӴۻҪܣʣۣ˭ܽǻԪߵΣأԣˣ
֮ǰ͸˵ǧ֮˽ǿޱȵڴǧ֮д󣬶ҲǳΪڿǰһʲô׼ˣҲ벻εĶⳡΣȻǿˣ
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ǰΪԼǧ븸׵ʵӦĲ̫Զˣ˵Լ¾Լ˫Ӵ֣ҲǸ׳۵Ķְɣ޵аĴѽ
ֻڣһ޵еҪһڣǽôӷ绹治Ҷ롣
Ҳܲô࣬ӷڻȻָԼҪųǱߣ޷ڶʱڽͭҲκΣյġ
ֻǲǳӷ磬κһˣû뵽۲ԣһ־ǾԵľˡ
ݣͬݰ㣬ųĿͭ޴ͭҲǸоһΣ㣬⣬ȫۼһϣһڰ㣬ֱӾͳ˹
֮ϲϵͭϼ⣬˿ȫ޷۾۽һֻ֣ǴһӰ㣬ֻ¡һǵϼ⣬֮䣬ͱһָֻһ
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ҿҲ̫ţ˰ɡʲô½˭ô½Ҷûˣ
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ֻȺ֮У˴˳ҵĴ½ѽ
ǣϵùɡڵʨ֣ɹܲôࡣ֮һ½ʵ㾡ȥɡ
ɵɣϹӣ֮һ½ȻͭͷųɼȻڵ֮ͽǹȥǾ˵۱ҲǾ߱ǵģһֵֻ
۵ı鲢ÿΪͭǱϾʼѽԼһ־ܴĻǲ˵Ǹصʼ棬Ҳ̫Ļʼ棬ʼҳɣ
ȥɣǴǧ磬ĵط
ѾݵľͷҲͭİ֮ǳվȻֱӱġȴ޾ɫҲ֪ڸ˭˵
ôҿʼķϣղŲûġǧҪҪҾֻܳˡ
ǰȻȴ˵ĶС
ʼ棿ʲôˣ
ںܶ˶ԣͲܻ֪ʼģڳ֪ģ˳Լ֮⣬Ҳ˵гӷ磬˫ӴۣľظڤغǼˣ
ڤغ߽עħ󣬱̧ͷϿյĳۣ˵ʼ棬ˣ

ӷ̾һ˵ֻʼһ԰ˣҲ˵һ壬һʶһ˼ά
һ壬һʶһ˼ά;߱ǿԻǧ磬𣿡
ˣǧ磬ڣеȫԴʼġҲ˵Ҫǧ磬ͲҪֱ̫ӽеջأԴǧйͿˡ
ѽеԴʼ棬ҪֻҪеһգһţ֮䣬һоͶˣ
ڣгڣҲһ⣬Ǿǣ۵ѵͲԴʼ𣿷ܸʼԿ
˿̣˫ӴҲʱӦ˹ѽôֵܵסѹƵסʼԴʼģ
뵽⣬˫Ӵ۵ɫǸӵѿҪ֪ǳӷǼȫʼģΪĹϵֵġΪǿʼ棬ɳأʼȻһϵûУҲΪʲôֵܵסѹסͭҪԭ
ԭǿ˵زǵȫԴʼ棬ȴǣ
˫Ӵ̾˿ȻŮȴ˫Ӵ˵Щʲôɲ֪ʼʲôѽ
ۣ˵ʼǡ
ʵıʣǶ֪ˣǻҪ˫Ӵʲô
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˫Ӵ۵˫ڳ۵ûаתƣ֪۵Դʲôǧ֮ڣ֮ڣʼ֮⣬ѵڱʲôɣеĻҲ˵ʼ֮⣬һʼˣ
ڵĳۿɹܲ˫Ӵô뷨ֻ޴ͭٴ˵Ȼ㻹˵ǾͱҲˡ
ʱ֮䣬ȫɵĶȻղͭɵĶһġǻԪ綼漴Ҳһͭղϼͬǿ⣬ڳ۵оۼ
ⲢǺܴȴӵͭղǵϼ
䡣
ŭ߳һе⣬ʱΪһͷ޴ʨӣֱӾͳͭ˹ȥ
顭
ʨӵʨͷײͭ·ͭײǧ׵ľ룬΢΢ֹͣס
ٿǱײǧ׾ͭʱˣȫɵۡ
ѺۡͭĵײȻһѺۣ
Ҫ֪ӷղеɶ޷ͭκε˺ѽڣһֵֻȻͭĵײһֳѺۣ
ţҲ̫ţ˰ɣǲѽ
˭˵ۣΪǿģ쿴˼ҵʨǿҪǿĶ࣬ţĶѽ


3138 һֻ֣
ػͭ˿Ѿ궯ˣ澵Ͽһתͬһ̰㣬漴ԭǳµľ棬ҲǱеĵײͻȻĶųۣϼ⣬ʱȫɢȥȡ֮ģֲͬ۶ɵĽ⡣
֪ղֻ֮ͭһˣڣͭҪʼҲ߱ǿôʱҲͲҪʲôˣŵµݣٵ£ڳ۵ۼգ֮䣬еڳ۵γһԲΣǿޱȵ⣬ǻԪȥͬʱҲͭͷųĽһںϣ˫֮䣬ȴںϵһɲǣʼо
һâͲ˾޴ıըֱը˫֮ûӿʼʧΣͭǵ۴һѺ۵ĺۼŽķ䣬ʼױѾڽˡ۲⣬ҲûһܸͭɻԵ˺
Ҫʼ𣡡
۰ЦһйΪʦʨʱ˿̣ǵȿչֵ쾡£κεԥ͵ŭ߳ر䡣
顭
ֻڳۼ⣬Ȼ֮䣬Ҳһ澵ӣֻһ⾵Ӱˡ۵Ӱ⾵ǰޱȸߴȣҪߴϰٱ˵Ǳһˣ
˿еһ仯۵ı仯ȫΪ֮һΪѾ⾵ͭΪͬһ͵ģֻͬˣ֮ͬ⣬κһУһġ
˫ӴҲѾоڳ⾵УͬӵŸ֮ͭһָоѲɣ۵⾵ڣҲʲô壬ʶʶɣѽǵǶڳԼģκ˸ġ
ѵ⾵ڵĸоǵʨı𲻳ɣ
˫Ӵһǳ󵨵뷨Ǿǣһֱĳۣδ¶ʵǸղţҲûı¶ıʵ⾵֮ڡ첻ʼͭû˿ó۽¶
䣡
ûĻ۸ղź䡱ڶǡر䡱ʲôʲôħ󣬻ʲô
ħԣǳۣͭħȫմߵѽһִδĽϣ
ͭʼģ˴ǧǺġɳأʲô
زصģȻԻǾɡ
⾵һ޴⣬ֱӸͭͷųĽԣֹâ˫мλãֹͣ
˿̣벻ˡ֮ͭڣȻֳһӰһϵӰһͷİ׷һİۣߴΣһɷǣһۿȥһʿһеĶ
ϵӰ֮ͭڣ˲ӡûϵӰȻ֮ͭڡ˳
һĻˣȫɵˣ˫Ӵɵˣľɵˣ˫ӳҲȫɵˡ
ӷҲʱȻ۾ΪӷоһɸǧͬͬԴұǧֲ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱǳħбڤغĳħʮֽӽģ
ѵϵӰǡ
ӷ磬˫Ӵۣڤغͬʱʼ棡
ʼ棿
ľǼĸ֣Ҳȫɵһ
Ϊֻͭʼѣû뵽ڣʼԳˡ
ѽ˵ʼ治ǧǵ׿˵ģΪʲô
ҲԣǲǱ𣬾ʼ棬Ҳıֻһˣӷ֮ǰ˵ǰ㡣
˫ӴԭȻΪӷǰǿͭΪͭʼȫû뵽֮ͭڣȻʼĻ塣
鷳ˣʼıܹɻҲǼΪǿģӷ֮ǰĹǾ͵һֲеȫԴʼ棬˵ʼʦȴʼ֣ʼ滹Ź㲻ɡ
ڣһۣԳ۵Ҫ赲ʼıǲ֪ôҪ赲ʼĻ壬Գ۸ղչֳδչֳ˵Ӧòʲôɣ
ǻԪ磬ȫеͷųѹסˣûκһ̧ܶͷģ̧ͷҪ˵ȴûڣû˵ģֻκһ仰һ֣Ҳ˵ڵġ
κε޷ɢκεʶҲ޷ɢڻָеĳӷ磬ҲѾͣǻԪ磬˻ޣʲôɲˣ·ʱȫͣ˰㣬һǻԪʱͣ٣ӷձ˫Ӵ۴˫ӳʱػĳеʱֹͣڿ磬ضֹͣѽ
˵һжֹͣÿһ˶ʶģҲ˵κ飬Ƕܸܿоĵǳۣʼ棬ǵһһǵһ֣һ仰ܿģ㣬Ѿ㹻ˣ
ϧǣ۸ʼ棬û˵⾵У¶һʨͷʨͷʨӺ𡣶ʼͭڣҲһֻ޵ͷ˳ǹ޵ͷ¹ǣһ˫۾ߣȫһͷβĲ
˫Ӵ˵ʲôħޣҲ޸ħޣӵеȴһе֮ϡңͷɢǱȻͬӦòǿάġǣǵʲôأ
˫ӴţͬʱӷҲ˵ʨӣǰȴǰһˡǲǿʨŭǱȿʨŭ֪Ҫǿٱȫɱ𣿡
ȻˣǾ˵˵ɡôĶΪʲô
ʼ棬û˿η壬һͨ˰㣬ƣһҲûǿ˲٣
ʼǲϵ촽΢΢һʱˣȫֹͣ岻ܶҲ˵ҲȫֹͣˣΪÿһˣһĻʼ˵ÿһ仰ÿһ֣ǳҪ
ϧǣ˶ʧˡΪʼ촽֮⣬һҲûзΪֵǣʼûзɳĺƵģǲмı齥ȥȡ֮ģһ࣬һ΢΢ĵͷ
˵ǧ磬Ҫ𣿡
仰ˣȫһѺⶼʲôʲôѽֹⳡΣģô˵Ļӷˣð亹òʲôʰɣ
ֻʼ촽ֶûзɳȴ˵ʲôɣǧ磬ܻ٣磬Ӳܻ١㻹ɡ
ʼ촽ֶ˶ûзκ漴ʼͷһתĳӷ磬ӷҲʱ򣬸ʼ˫ԡ
۴˿̾˿˵ȻˣǾû취ˡʼ棬Ȼıֻ˸壬ҳҲ۸㡣һֻ֣ɡ


3139 սı磡
ڳ˵һеıƶ縡ƣʨӣһ仰˵ٽƻĺ꣬ھǿʨǰҲֻ·һ
Ȼ޵еǿߣȥռ˵ıأʼǿߣȰһǿߣǱǰ۷ǳȤȫһսȻֻһ壬ǳ۾ûҪȫԸˣһֻ֣ԣ
Щ۵仰ɸ˲СѹҪ֪ڿǹϵ˵ֹʼĻˣһغġ֮£۾Ȼ˵ʼһֻ֣ܷͬ˵ĲϷһѵʱ£ˣȫͷأ
ڵĳӷ˫Ӵۣȴ飬ǾǸղʼ浽˵ЩʲôΪʲôֻгһĵЩˣֻǿʼ촽ڶһûУ
ʵֻҪӷ˫ӴϸһĻͻ֣ᷢеʼ治Ǹղ˵ûûкûģͬһ˰㡣ɾǻ壬ûĻ壬ҲкѽΪʲôʼûأ
Ȼʱ򣬲ǳӷ绹˫Ӵۣȥʲôֻ֪ʼղ˵Щʲô
۸ղʼûĻ΢΢˵ͷ˵ʼ֮ԭģԭڳۿҲеġֻվڳ۵ϣʼķȥԭ򣬿һȥʼֲͬ⣬ǺҲֻܳˣ
⣬ղʼĿ˳ӷһۣһۣӷ˫ӴۣЦľأǸоʲôƵġһۣѵ˵ʼôĶӷй
ѽʼһشǧ޴̣ΪԼĹϵһʲôǧ©©У˵˫ӴһʵһˣǾǳӷ硣ΪʼҪóӷȥ©ģҪ©©еıҲ˫ӴۣͱҪȻҪ©ʼͲֻӷһˣ˫ӴĿУʵӷǸҪģȫھͽ˫Ӵ۸Ǵǧ©񲻾û
ʼ沢ûȥ˫Ӵۣ˳ӷһָۣôĶΪʲôأ
ӷѾɣԭֻϧһͷûУҲֻгۣ֪ʼ浽Ϊʲôɡ
ȥʣܣǿߵѹסһˣһһʼ棬һȴǳһȫܸʼͬһĴڣӷ˫Ӵۣȫûۡ
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ʼǱ飬ԵĺΣĶҲ̾˿˫֣Ѿ̧
һ̣ʼ˫̧һ̣ǻԪ磬Ѿʧȥ˹âȫʼĽ⣬۵š
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ؼֹ֮ͣУһİЩΪ۸ʼײĲγɵģڿٵܱɺʹؼֹͣ۳һıЩȥһʼϯǻԪ硣
飬飬顭
֮أ֮ʱΪУ˫ӻʹеˣȫֻǳⳡϮκˣ޷㿪
ڳӷмħ󱣻Գӷڵ˵ҪЩҸ
ܶΪϣѾͷѪˡ漴һǿֿʼϯǻԪ磬ʱ֮䣬еıȫڻˣֱΪһ꣬һһ翪ˮĴ꣬ǽһˬѽǻԪˣǱҸǱˮ̸һͷ󼦵ƵģǸСʹ족ѽˣｫ۸ʼʹһٱѽһٱ飡
ǿߴʹǶǹսҲ˵˵Ҳɣѵǿߣܽۻѵǿ󣬾ܽЩˣ
УҲǵĺòã۸˵ѽ
ᣬţںܶˣѾˣ֪£㵽ڻ
Ҳ֪һսʲôʱ򣡲ԣڣûĶѽֻϵĶ
ţ⻹û֣͸ǻԪ˶˰Ҫǻˣ
ʱ˳ʹ۸ʼ֮⣬Ҳһ뷨Ǿǳӷ硣ҲһҪȥӷ磡㸸ײҪɣǽеоˣȥû˶סѽǿ֮սֻǱȹսģҪɡҪ㸸һû˵ȥô缸ˣҪˣȫͶ㣬Ʒ˫˫ʱҲԲһüͷģ
룬ĻͲ˵ڣ˶ܶҲ˵ڵģҲû˸ȥ˵ѽ
ЦɫΪѿģΪֻǸͨˣûѪӰЩ˰ħסĻˡ
һһ֮䣬ЩħѾһʧˣľǵħҲʧÿһ˵ɫҪѿжѿ


3140 Զɽ
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3141 ضȣ
ͻȻһѣʼĳ֣۵Ӧս˿̣ʮǰѾʵ壬ֻʣ»ĳԶɽλĳȻҲʶϵ˳ӷ磬ʶ˵óӷˣ
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ʮԶɽԻһںǱߣûȥκˡΪʲôǿأʮ֮УԶɽ׷ʲô£ֻΪ۵Ĺϵ
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ӷ뵽Щ֮󣬸Ǹеָ棬ھͼԶɽǡ
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Ϊһ࣬ҲضȵģȴضȵˡԭҲֻԼ֪ˡлĻԼԸĻȥڣʲôҪֹǡүүڰ㲻㣬Ҫסǧ磬Ǿͱֹǡ
Զɽ˵ˣӷ磬үүʶҪжˡҪԼҲһ죬ҲضȣΪضȵĵʮһˣʱүܼģ


3142 ۵ף
ԶɽѾڳӷԺгʧӷڻɣղųԶɽǲԼĻǸصضȣʼ涼ǸطңǸطԶɽνľ֮Уһʮ˶ѣҪ֪ǵһͨļֹͥʮѽض֮ڣΪʲôôأԶɽôȥģԼ֪ĵطţĴڣʼ棬Ǹطˡ
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ֻǲ֪ضȣ˸չȥõĳԶɽʼ֮⣬˸ֻôǰ˸ֻ᲻̫Ĳ࣡
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ȻԶɽûа˵̫ϸӷϸһ£Ҳȷѽʲô磬ʲôλʼ֧ţӷԼڣҲʼǧ
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еĳ۸ʼ棬˿Ѿеȫۼ˸Եڣûһ˿йӣ˫Ҫ֮䣬;һʤġ
֣ٴ΢΢̧صĴһָͬʱʼ˫֣Ҳ΢΢̧
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һɽ壡
˫ӳʱ򣬾Ȼλһ޴ɽ֮ϣɽ壬ΪƵı仯γɵġ
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ⲻǿЦİɡһﵽڸʲôһ˴ɽʲô˫ӳǴĸ߶ʲô˼
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˫ֳһţϵ׺ɫװʱ֮䱬ը˿ֻһש۵Ϊһ壬ֻŭ߳һر䣬ס


3143 ս
שڳȫÿһλ֮䣬ˣ·Ϊһ㣬֮ڣһ۵⣬ǿ޵еһǻԪ磬ڣ˫ӳǵΧ˸֮ǰһĿնЩն֮УҲһ
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۵ʨλĽѾλҲȫʧˡ
ն֮дǴӴǧ֮ڣͬͬĽλģҲǳ۵´ġ˵ڴǧеλεĽѣⳡΣѾʼ֮ǰˣ
漴һն
磬ߵĽΣҲѾˡһ˵ʧǱǲǷʲô£
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˿̵ĳȫ⻹δɢȥȴ˵˸ʼѡûʲô˵ģǧһս֮ǵȻָġ
⻰˵ģǶôѽ˸ʼѣǿǸƳѽǿһʼѽڳ۵ǲƵġ
ȻǴǧǱߣѾûκεĶˣеĿնҲѾʧˣûжٴһ仰һֹڳ˵Ҳû˺֮ǡ
ӷҲȫΪ֮һ
۵ȻⰢǻԪ֮⣬磬нλΣȫˣǵǶٵѽ۵صҲ̫˵ɡ
Ȳ˵һ磬һλһȥһ磬һλɳһˣǳǧģһܽΣȫЩ˵ʵָߵһôĳ̶ȡ
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ӷһԳĺŮӣ˵ǳ۵ˣǸʱ򣬳ӷ䲢ûг׵ţڿѾɳӷ粻ˣĵ𾪣治Ǹǳġ
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УһҪ취Բó˵ǿȥǧ裬ʧΡ
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ˣֱӾͶһ𣬿ΪյͬģҲûκεڣֻܿͬûм֣֮Ըӵеս֮һս


3144 ֮أ
νϳӱ仰ڵĳ۸ӷϣʲˡֻԸӿɲǱĽ
Ϸĳ۸ʼ棬Ѿ˸ԵףۿǿߵսҪĻˣû뵽ʱĳӷ˫ӴۣȻʼϻȡǿߵѹƣ˫ӻʹ֮Ҳ
ֻλڸ߷֮ϵ˫ӳǣײӷ˫ӴԭҪСĶ࣬ϾȫʢʱڵյԵģûκε̵ģҲսľ飬Եֶˡ

۷һЦǿɣȴǿе񻰣κˣ޷֮Ტۡ
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ڵ֪ΣѾص˿ڳӷҲѾѹƣһʼ˫Ӵ۴͸óûκεĺ֮ˣ
ʼſЦĳۣҲѾЦݣֻǲ֪ЦʲôǶԳӷ˫ӴԤƳ۸еأԭأ
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ȫһ룬һʼ棬˵˵һֻ־һֻ֡ɡ
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ɫ棬֮Ϊһ壬Աһ޴ɫ棬ȻûΪ˵ڶۡ
ۡ
ȫһķһֶοȥͨںܶ˵ǿ԰쵽ģҪûһʵͬĻ壬ǾͲʲô˶ܰĵˣҪ֮⣬ҪǿֶβУֶΣħҲĹֶβĻȫͲܻûͬĻ塣
ʱһֻֿĻ壬ӭʼ档
ʼų۵Ļ壬Ҳǻ壬ȴ֪۵壬ıŵģһһֻֿƣֱһָֻʼû
ʼȫϣһĵ棬ڳ۵ĻһʱЩȫʼףһѽһѣ˳۵Ļ֮ϡ
ৡ
һʼһѵ棬ۻһָֻɱµһֻ֣Ȼֱ仯˵ۡ
ʼ˿еˣ֪ǰһĻ˵ֻҪԼ¶ԷκһλһģÿһҲ۱һģһöԸĸǾ͵Ǻü۵ΪһˣԼҪԵģͽһۣӵͬʵĶۡ
ʼ˺׵ȥڻɣԼôʽֻҪЩ֮ϣЩ嶼忪ģԼһôûС
ɻϾǻ壬ʼ壬ûʵ۵Ļ壬ҲñȥģֻҪʱһҲʧ
Ȼʼ˼ӣ⼸ڣʼ涼ڹ۲Щı仯һĿʼСʧڼ䣬۸ûг֣ҲڵȴʲôƵġ
ʼ֪ȻΪǧ֮ڵһӣȴӵŸԼͬҵڣʼ޷۵ʵ˵ˣ֮ǰ⾵ڣҲһֵҲ˵۽еֻΪ˺üֻ֣ҪЩصȫϵĻǾͲܻʵ
һǧˣôõԼͬģضȵôܻΪأʼ֪ģ۲˵ĻʼҲ޷֪ϾضȻֻʮˣһǰ˸չȥõĳԶɽڣʮҲǷǰȥġʼȻǵһضȵˣмһɣԣǸضȣʼ֪Ҳǳ٣¾ǵһضȵˣضȵ˽⣬Ҳ޵İɣ
֪ôõǸط
ۼʼ촽΢˵Ļһĵѡ
ʼ˵ͷɳȴһЦ˵Ҹ㣬ıҲ𣡡
ѽȻۿͨķԼȥضȣܵõضȵԴ˵ȷʼıҲǿԴضȹǧġ
ֲɵضǱ߳˳Զɽʼ֮⻹мʲôˣһ㶼֪Լôõضķʼ棬֪᲻ضȵ˸ҲɾͲˣ
ʼĻóۻеˡ
˼˵ֻҪǵı뿪ضȣͻʧֻбضȣʹضȵ
ʼֵ˵ͷ˵ʲô
ضǸطȥǰһȤûУΪǱߣͼ˰ˣҲһ磬ӲһλҲһͬСռѡڿضȣǴڵļֵġʱ䣬ȥ
ضȣ˵ȥȥ
ʼЦһڴЦЦɢȥɫҪҪڣһͬȥ
䣬һִһָָһ죬ʼ棬סˡΪڳ۵ǰȻһţͨţʼ濴֮ڵľҲֻʼһ˿ľ
Ϊضȣĺ˲ΪֻеõǸطϿɵ˲ȥҸ㣬Ȼа취õضȵȻҲа취Ǹطǧ֮ȥ硣ֻҲмȥСطˡ
ʼʱ˿治֪˵ʲôˣ˺ܾã˵ˣһΣɲǶ촽Ҳˣ
㣬ȻԽضȣ
ۻҡͷ˵Ӧ˵ҿ֮䣬ضȣ͸֮䣬˴ǧһ
ʼɫԽԽѿ֮䣬ضȣǵȷǸСطСĲСˣ˵Ǹǧȣеĵ磬һӣҲضҪѽǣضȵȴΪǿģǿ󵽵ʼһˣͿԴǧȥ
ɳأһ仰ضȣʣǺεȵǿƣ


3145 ɱһȭ
֮أ仰ȥǺܿţϾضȲ磬ҲǽλԳ۸ղ˵ضȵĴСҲ͵һСĴׯǰ㣬֪жأһСʱ֮ڣͿԽضȫתꡣ
˵ض֮СΪʲô֮ǰԶɽȴӷ˵ҪضҵʼıҲǼ׵أӣǸضȣйصģСأ
˵Գ۵ʵҪ̼ضȣǲţǼǳɵ顣صǣضСض֮ڣ˳ԶɽʼڣɻžŴǿѽѲɣ˼ھʼ棬˵һˣض˼һҳۣ
Ȼʼɫ񣬶˷츲صĸı䣬۵⻰ˣڳˡ
ʼϾʼ棬ǧһڣԳ۵ȿʱҲһʱĳԾܿ죬㷴Ӧ˹
ٴο˵ȻѾˣǾûҪװʲôư͡
ѽۡȻΪʨŵĵزǷضȣҲܼѽȻҲ֪ңվȻҲһ뷨ûǧ©޸ǵˣӣԻǧ磬ΥضȵĹأɾðΥضȵĹأһˡֻҪҽǧһţҪٸκεľǧ©ҲȻ޸ġ
ʼ濴˿ĳӷ磬ӷѾûʱȥˣ˫Ӵ۴ѽѷ֡Ҳħ㣬еעȫӷ˫Ӵ۵һսϣ˵ǳ۸ʼȽǿ߸Եˡ
ȻûעʼҲͿ޼ɵЩҲֱ˵ˣ±
Ϊӷ޸©ĻǧǴǧ绹磬ﲻܷʲô飬ûκιϵȥҲ˳Ȼġ̫߹ӷˡƳ֮ˣѾһжӷȴΪһ֮˽δǧ©ܣ֪˫ӴȥҲ룬˫Ӵ۱©еıһۼ©ɵȫһоͶˡضȵңǸʱҲѾֹˣ
ʼ棬˵ôһжǳӷĴƵģѵǧ©ǳӷɵ
۴˿ҲǲмһЦ˵ʼ棬⻰˵ģһƵġɱˣ©ôֵġΪ㡭Ŷԣһ˵⣬ǸضȾŸ˵⡣ΪǾŸ˵Ĺϵ©𣿱Ϊҵĸ׽ضȣҾͻᵱʲôûΪһֲҸ㣬ǧ磬ɲǵǳҵģҵϼģڴǧġǾŸ˵һЦ´ǧ©ĳ֣ΪǾŸ˵һҪ浱ǧ磬ǾŸ˿Ĳɡû磬ȷƳγɵģǧ磬ôҲΪƵĴǧػû̫ܵƻ㻹νۣȥǧ򣬻Ǹ˰֮⣬δֹˣǧȻѾγɣ߶ضǾŸ˵ĹͣҲ˵˵ġ
ۻ⣬ҲʼٶϻˣȫһΣŭ߳ر䡣

޴Ŀ磬أһ֮С
۵ر䣬ѾһһֻʩչǻԪ磬ǧ磬ڣζ
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3146 ؾ棡
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ӣ۲ûпԣȷ̼ٵضȵʵضȵľŸ˼һ𣬶δصеĹһˣΪӵеģضȵռеʼ棬ضȵˣųԶɽ֮⣬ӵеģҲֻضȵһˣ
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3147 
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˵ģľأҶ˷磬⼸ˣǰɶǳӷĵˣΪʲôڻӷվһأһͬĿ֮⣬ȻҲǶԳӷεģֻ֪гӷ磬ܰ쵽첻һ顣ӷֻһż壬үү׶ǿĽɫµڣ˵ľǼӷվһ𣬾ǳ˵ЩˣҲܸӷġ
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ڷǰ˸ͬʱʼ档ʼѾȫָ˹ذ֮£۵ȫ߽⣬ϳҲûٴγ֣ɴ˿£ȵϣġ
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ӷʵȻǵаѾֻǧ磬ɵڣûʲôѽ
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ʼشȻаֻ˴ǧÿһϾһġͺñ࣬Լκ˵ϡа֮ˣͽΪаʱȫ壬аΪһ壬ΪһһеĴڣǰǿӵضȵռҲᱻаɵġǸʱΪ˲аóѣۣǵʶڴǧ֮ѰܳΪ֮ˣҴǧȥûɳаߣҲ˵һʹʹ
۵ʹаѰҵļߣһֱǶΪνۣǴǧͳߣ˭ĵȻôһѽ
ѽȻ˵۵ʹаļߣΪʲôҴͲ֪˫Ӵ֪֪
ʼ˵㲻֪Ϊ˫ӣ㣬ԵҲ޷ͨϵǱҵǳħƳ˵תġ˫ӣȻ֪֪ұ˭Ҫ


3149 ʥصܣ
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˫ӴҲɵӣȻ֪Ҷһ£еĳۣؾ棬һˣԽԼɱһ飬ֻвʱıס
ӷ磬һѾ˵ˣӦþͲҶ˵ˣѾи˰ɣô˵ҪǸĽԼĴ㣬ǾͿľˡ
ӷڿЦҲףʼ֮ǰΪʲôֻǿԼһۣûȥ˫ӴۣΪͲҪȥ࿴˫Ӵһۣ㿴ôأؾ棬ɱ˫Ӵ۵ģǿҲ˫Ӵ۷ֺΪ˫Ӵۣаļ壡
ӷ˱۾ʼ治ѻȫ˵Ϊʼ֪ӷѾһУȻʲôˣǻҪʼ˵ʲô
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ʼ˵Ǿ˵аûһ֮ǰѾʮεĽѵôаͲٷʮһεĴˡȻѾ֪ʲôģȻӦ֮õӦֱۣ֮Ϊļ塣Ȼаһ˫ӣҲĹϵ
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ʼǾŸͨʶѡģȻһǰʮεҲѾ֤ˡ˫ӴΪΨһһûõǧۣаҲóѵġаʱô˵˫Ӵۣ˫Ӵ۸ĳΪļģҲֻ˫ӴԼ֪ˣ
ɲôȻѾ֪˴ǧ©صڣǳӷҲ֪ôˣ
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ȻǣֻҹõתĶѣ±а֪ʵνʮǹνĻԪʥأһռ䣬Ǹռ䣬ͬʱҲضȵĽأһǣ޷Ľءаķ
˵ʲôʥؾضȵĽأ񲻾˵˫Ӹа֪Ǹط
ģ֪ҲǽȥģǸطҪһַǵط֮⣬ͬʱҪһַǳرơϵǵǳħҲоһƣһ侲дſдҰģҰдգд֮ơôӵƵˣֻҵһǾ㣬ŻǵʮεۣҲϣ㶼ʧˣûܵεġֻ֮ǰΪǺʧԲŻ뷨
㻹ʧҿӦʧŶԡ˰죬ԭҲ㣬ҲѽʲôǼϼһģ


3150 ƪ
ӷʮֵƣѾ֪˴ǧ©ôһˣǣĿǰ޷©ѽǿ󵽳ȵز޷ȥҲ˵Ҫ׽ǧ©ͱǰᣬһǵаȫϣڶҵʥأǸʼ˵ضȵĽأֻǸطгаķ
ڣǳӷ֪ôаΪа˫Ӵ۲Ҳ֪𡣻˵˫ӴʵѾ֪ˣֻ޷ʥذˡ
νʥأڰǻԪ˵ʮǹ۵ڣǰʮۣѵҲûȥʼ˵ǰ㣬ҪǳӷƣǳħܽĻ˵Ŀǰλãʥأû˽ȥ
ӣνۣνʥʮǹȫʼǸƭ˵ģĿģΪаǾŸȴԼ޷а
ȻҪһǣӷӵɱ˫Ӵ۵ʵҲȥɱɱһΣһΣͽϹҵе
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Ѿ˵ˣôӷ磬Ǿ˾ѡĵʮֹۣǣǽͿˡߵ飬޷ȥˡ
䣬ʼҪˣ˸ضȥ

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ģǲᶯǵġҲ˵ûߵ飬ȷûĹϵˣȻаΪǶɼȻǴˣǾֻʲôаû취һ㣬ǿġ
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ûǳңģ̳ϣҳҲӲԿȻѾһж˵ȻֶаΪǲҲôһһЩС
ǺڷҲ̾˿˵ʼ棬аȷΪǵĹϵģ˵Ƕڴǧ磬ҲεġȻΪض֮ˣҲǴǧȥġǧǵļ磬ҲۿԼаǵļ粻ǡڣССЩ󱲰ɡ
ʼεĵ˵ͷ˵Ҳգ
˵ģҲǵġߵ飬ҲȫĽҶȥˣҲţ಻꣬һԽаͳδǧ硣ңߵĻҶӣˣûôģȻˣǾȸȥһضȣߵ֮ٻɡ
ʲô
Ҫȥضȣߵ飬ˣ
ʼ˵뷨ȻǺõģضȣҲʱӭ㡣ռòҪضȵʲôעɣ
Ҫǵط⣬ѵֹ𣿡
ѽԳ۵ʵ˵Ҫʲôû˿ȥֹġ˵ʼЩˣȫûȥ룬Ҫȥض˵ҲǸΣգҲǼ¡ϾضȵռʼǱ¶ûõһضȵĳȴõˣ˵ʲôֶءܴӳ֪ռֶΣǼ
Ȼˣضȣӭ㡣
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ɣ͵һֲϣܰﵽǡ
䣬ʼֶԳӷ˵ӷ磬ڳʥǱߵ飬һУ㶼Ѿ֪ˡ˵˫Ӵ۵˫֮սʼһսҵĻ屻𣬽ĻôָôȫͿˡ
˵ӷ磬޷ٰˣһоͿԼˡ⣬µˣҲʱȫˡǻڲͬʱ£ģ㣬Ѿȫˡ
֣Ҫȥضȣ
šүүǱߣҲ̫ģǸطȻκεΣգүүͱϾˣֵߵ飬ҹȥһ𣬵ĺϢ
ӷ˵ͷ˵꣬һὫе飬ȫġ
ܺãҳ۵Ķӡʼ棬ʼˡ
ʼ˫һţȴųĻ塣
ر䡭ɱ
ųصһʼҲǱŭռǧ硭ȣְɡ
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ڷ˵ۣǣ߰ɡ
һͬȥضһΰɡӷ磬Լˣ
һĹâʼ֮ţͬʱӷ˫ۣҲѾӽ֮ŵĳתƿ˫Ӵۣ˫Ӵۣа塣֮˫֮սڣʼɡ֮ͨȫ׼밢ǻԪ磬ء£ǣ̨Ǵҵġ


3151 ƪ
磬Ĵ½ˣ
⣬ڽʿۼǿѾеĸСնӿ·ԴԴϵʱ˭նԽ࣬ͻԽǿ󣬳˵ҲѾ
ǼһǲҪһǻŵġ
ϹֱӾͳ嵽ǰ棬֮ǰʧӿ֣ҺԣӸСնӿǿΪκõģԼԭ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱ
ʱ򣬲˭ᣬ뽫еΪе뷨嶯
Ȼ˵˵˾ô꣬һ˽ˡǲ˽෴ΪԼս롣Ϊ˭յ࣬ǶȻǵһȥǻԪˣʸӷ粢սˣͬģԽξԽҲԽΣգСˣȻҪ磬ܲ˵ȫܵǻԪȥɣǳӷӪҪزУ˫Ӵۻע⡣˵صˣȫġ
Ϲң佣ֻǻƴţȭţˣְλĸߵͣű˵İȫ
佣ҿžصˡܹȥҲʲôá
ϹҼ佣ҲѾԼߣȻҪȰ˵ˡ˭֪Ĵսˣһ֮սȥˣͲһصˣ
ңҿɡԪǱߣȥ
佣Ҳãֵܶ꣬ܲԼֵҪȥԼֽкðɡ
˵Ǽȫֵˣϰˡ磬ӦزŶԣǻԪǱҲѾȥˣһΣȥɡ
ϳǼҲѾվȻ˫һǳӷϰףһǳӷ֮°ףôս໥֮䣬Ѿû¾֮ˣеģֻǳ˵һӣֻһӡ
ϳ壬СҲһǰɣ
Ϲֱָϳ壬˵ǾأĹңȥ
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ˣǱ߹Ѿ˫Ӵ۸ڴҶҪ˷ʱ䡣ƽ䣬֮κ˶ߣҪأ˲ܶ࣬ԣζǰˡ
֪ӷǱһѾۣʲôˣǳ˵ľʦôڳӷԵ֮£ʦͱ𵽹ؼԵá
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ǰ磬Ҳһĵġһ㻹λǰǡ緽棬ΪҪĵطǺĴ½ǵ硣Ϊļ磬˫ӴҪߵ⣬ȻʮǰһֱӶԵ綯ֵġ˵ǱߣϣϹǰԹȥš
Ϲŵͷ㵣ĵǹȥս˫ӴۣЩ˼Ȼ磬ǾͲκεĺ֮ǡȥɣǵ磬еļˣ󶼻ὫǾۼһģƴ⼸Ҳ˫Ӵ˺ǵļˡ
Ϲ仰ҲһŵܶˣȻҲ
ãλǰڣǴҾɡһգٱԭҪʮ˴˵ȵǻԪ磬սҲ


3152 ƪ
ƼڣȻǲ³çµģǰƴţˣʱ򣬹֮󣬾ͻɱǻԪ磬ƨ˵
ȻѾսʱˣԼߵֱɱǻԪĻǻôĺɣȥٵġ
ˣǿǴӰǻԪ磬ͨնӿģȻˣڰǻԪǱߣҲͬӵǿǿԼȡǻԪǱ߾͸ȡˣҰǻԪǱߵȡٶȣӿҪ죡
˵Ѿսʱˣɳ˵ҲǲģҪŵסŻʤ㣬򣬱ذɣ
ڲϵգ˵ʵҲڲϵڵǵ֮£ԴתΪħ˿ھϣҲħԭʼٵ˵۷֮⣬ľ磬˵ˡ
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ʱ䣬ڳӷ߻ʱģֻҪ˫Ӵ޷ۼӷ㹻ʱ
аʷҲ֪ôˣԿ϶ǣ˫Ӵ۲ûҵҲ˵ֻҪаʲ£˫Ӵ۾޷õľаҪȫҲǲܵģ
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ȻѾõ㹻ÿһˣҲѾӵȥǻԪ磬ս˫ʵôȥһˡ
Ƶȼ֮󣬾һϵе֣ó֮ǰķ밢ǻԪ磬ֻڵķɣǲҪʱģֻҪӸͬͨͿˣ
Ǽ֮ǰѾȥǻԪˣȻ֪ڰǻԪǱߵͨʮ֮࣬ȻˣͨǱߵڣҲͲһˡ
֮ڣڵȫҲֻоԵȫûغϳӷ֮ǰȫɵƹˡ
ǰǶѾ׼ͬĻǾҪʼ밢ǻԪˡ
վڵ˵⻹ǸɣҲǳ˵ʦ
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ĵܣƢֲǲ֪ңڰʣҵķֱɱȥ
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˵ţ˫ڹѾе׼ˣҲضҪȥڵֻǣȥֱ֮ӿսУ
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˵Ļߵǰ߾̫ɢˡǵʵǿģǵǰλʮļԱȹȥͷĻضǵĴ뿪ġÿһ˶λǰʵ֮佫Ǳߵĵȫɱ
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ǣʦ


3153 ƪ
ǻԪ磬Ȼ½
һ֧֧ӴľӣѾһɽһ鲼˰Ȼ½ɽɼɽĳж٣ͲҪ۾ȥһۿȥҲǲܿͷġ˵ɽҲȻ½ڣȻ½кöǿߣǳɽġ˵ЩǿɽˣΪɽͲ˾סΪ½ĳɽһźܶҰħޣһΪ߼֡һ˵ɽ֮УҪȥƾʲôȻĥ˵ɽʺκȴͳǿߣ
һ֮ǰȻ½ߵҲȻŮӵȻӷ棬ɳһľפɽҪһеɽȫɽеˣܻųҲ˵ɽеЩߣȫҪΪɽУźܶͨ˫Ӵ۵һ£һΣɲһȥɵģֻҪǴˣ߾ӴǧˣˣͱҪɴɱһҲŹһ
˫Ӵ۵һֱ´ȻŮģд½ͳߣЩһҲڵһʱ䣬˸ͳߵĴ½ҲȫԵĴ½ϣ뽫Դ½еͨȫˣ밢ǻԪ磬ȴ˵Ļϣ½ͳ߿ǳеġ
۸ʼһս֮󣬻˵ҲǽֻǴһȫˣ漴ӷ͵˫ӴսҲ֤ⳡ˫֮սѾʽĻʼĻıƣҲǧǣˣȫ㹻˭ֻҪһڣǾͻԭ㣬ǿüʮֹġ
Ȼ֤飬ܶ˶㲻ôһ£ɳӷʨӴۣ˫Ӵ֮ľսĻѾǻԪ磬ǧ磬Ѿ֪ˡ
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֮£֮ǰѾͶ˳ӷЩˣˣȫͲˣҲκȥѡ飬һУҪӷ˫Ӵ֮䣬˭Цˣ
Ȼе鶼ǾԵģӷֶιǿĻܸ˫Ӵܸģñ˴ĵóӷ罫ЦһǻǻðͶӷġ
ôȻսѾĻǳӷ磬˫ӴۣڶҪʼһе׼ˣ׼ȴκһжʱȥ𣬾Ҫ˫Է̫ʱġ
ӷʲôطû֪ڳ۸ʼ뿪֮󣬳ӷ˫Ӵս֮ʧ˫ӻʹ֮ڣΪӷҲɵѽˣԼľأڤغǼҪ˫Ӵ۶ɾѻʯģûᣬȱ˫Ӵ۸ˡ˵ӷΨһѡʧ˼Ȼ㡣
˫Ӵ֪ԳӷԸ˵ȶҲܻ뿪˫ӳǵġνΣյĵطȫģӷ˫ӴͬסԣֻҪ˫ӳǸӷҪ¶ġ
˫ӴǱǵļóӷ磬棬ҲòʱҲֻͨͨô͸ϴһֱӽеͨȫһɱһɱһ˫˭һǱ·һ
Ȼ½ͨĵط޴ɽȻŮ˻ûʶһɽȫסˡ
ˣȫҴʮֵľֻҪ˴ͨܶԷǴʲôģһŹɱ֮
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׵Ľ죬ֱ̧ͷһѴ󵶻Ӷ

⣬ݺɽ߷壬ͬʱΧȫΧ˹ʱ֮䣬ͽߵɽΧסˡ

ǿ⣬Ǹ߷֮ϱ˳˿֮Ȼ֣ǾȻһʮ꣬ʵеһȴʮֵۡ
һһεıʢչֳ˾޴
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аԭǰ˵ͷģ֪Щͨǳ
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ѽҲľԾΪû뵽죬ȴҩɱˡ
ľҩ̾˿ȻѾаʻһǾû·ѡˣΪ½˫ӳǱߵϢѾ֪ˡ
ľڿɲ̾Ϣʱ򡣵ҲõģǺ˵Ļ˫֮ս󣬻ܻġ
аδȻ֪ӷŷ񣬵һս֮󣬳ӷҪˣȻҲ٣ȻǸʱ򣬳ӷҲҪ۵ģֻǳаʲ֪ǽʲôۣΪǸʱ򣬳аʻûг
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аʲΪطͨҪʲôǾʹһɣ֮Ҳˣ˷ԼڻԼʱ
ãԼѡ˰ɡ
ʮˣȥطͳͳͨ衣


3154 ƪ
аʴŲľʮˣֱһƬ֣첻Ȼ½ǻԪд½ν˫ѽ֮ͨǰ˫Ӵ֪ͨҪ˶ٱںܶӴǧ󴳰ǻԪˣȫɱˣɱһˣǺüǧĽɱһҲ飡
˫Ӵ۶Դǧ´Ҫˣһ֮ٹϾҪһʱģҲ֪ڵڼȻӷѾʽսǱ߾ϣҲϺܾõġ˵ʮ֮ڣͨˣԲ˫ӴǱ㾡ɱɡ
аƬʱѾ˵ʬ壬һʬ壬кܶ࣬ΧҲ˫Ӵ۵Ȼ˲࣬ΪܶʮֵӴһñʮʮ࣬һνѪɺѽ
˫Ӵ۵˻һ㶼ѽΪ˽ȫɱʲôŹڴͨܳһֻһֻҲȻἦȮġ
а̾˿Ȼڣ󡣬µ黹ǱȽҪģ߳а֪˫Ǵսʼ֮˵ͻһԭͨͨʱ򣬱˫Ӵ۵ɱġԣڳаʱҪһе˳У
аʱϾһˣŽ֣Ųľ壬ɲľϾսѽңϳаʣҲһһ̫ĹףֻǾΪˡϣ緽ͷļǿߣܽǸķΧſ
СӣߵĵȻ֮ǰҪٺܶ࣬ߵҲѽڵҹѵ֮£ֱӶֵĻ»Կġ
ľ˶Ѿ֪аǳӷˣҲ֪аҵˣȻǳƺаΪˣֻǰһС֡
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а˵ģһʵҲѣΪаʸͲҪȥֹӷģΪڳа֪ʷУȻ½չɱǳǳӷ硣ҳΪһչĴɱΪ˫֮սֻʱ㣬Ȼ½չɱʱ䣬ڻһ꣡
СӣȻ˵ܲȥİɡ
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һľĳԱ˵СӣȻǲװҲȥѽȻѾߵһǾͲսɡֻϣ㲻Ҫ˴ӦǼ顣
ӣľ˻еʴ֮ĵģʱ򶼲ǳаʵĳŵ
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аеĽֱӻӳֻ¡¡һ漴ϵĴײһ
ľʮˣȫϣеҩȫ˳ʲôԵģ˻Եģ֮ǶҩֻһЩҽϵĸҩˡ
ɳаû뵽ǣƬֵԶԶҪԼеĶܶ࣬˫ֻ֮һĳɱӴ֮⴫óаһ˵ãôѴˡ
ȻǾѽֻ뵽˴ЩͨڵѴˡڿҪ˫Ӵۻϴһôһ𡣲ľҩǱ߹ƶԲͬҩа߶ʱ֮䣬˰Χ֮С
СӣǺ񱻰Χˡ
ǺѾΧˡҵĴֻɱͨˣȻѴĵ˸ˡڣҶϺ̳֣ȥ֮ȥǲľ˻غϣ뿪Ȼ½Ҫҡ
УȻһģǾһߡ
ٷϻٲߣ˭Ҳ߲ˡ

аʻ䣬ϷһЦ
Ȼ̧ͷаʼһϵӰһô֮ϡ
ϵӰһ£аһ˫ûκεĲңһͷİ׷ǿޱȡ
ǿȻ½ȻǿߴڣΪʲôҲ֪
Գа֪ʷ˵ͲܴȻ½ѽ˫ӴĵƣҲܻɵȻ½ģȻĴӪʱԸӷġ
СӣĵӲСȻҴʮˣǰ͵Ϯ˫Ӵ۵㻹ǲ֪
߻δ꣬ע⵽˳аĽʱǿıСӣǼǲ˫ӴҪѰ֮
ߴӴϻ£ֱӾվ˳аʵǰһأһʮӴʱ֮䣬˫Ӵ۵ȫѹסˣͬʱаʸľʮˣҲȫѹסˡ
㣬ʲôˣ
ѹŵĳаʵΪղǻ˵ʲô˫ӴѰ֮һ˫Ӵ۵Ҳѹסˣɴˣаڻ£ϼһܸ˫Ӵ۲һġ
˫ǴսѾĻʱ˫Ӵ۵ˣǱǳӷˡɾ߳а֪ӷߣ˵Ǽ֮⣬͡
һ£
аҪһתߵʳָϣһĽָָȥʮֵͨȴ߱һǿޱȵҸ߱ǽΪһġ
ߣָǿ
аڿٵţͺñһٶ㣬󣬳аǵóһƺţѹԼߣʵǰָ̣
һ£ųаʣͲʮͣû˿ϵʵҲߣе֮⣬ûʲôر֮
һ˵꣬ôһ۾ϳԼݣҲǵԼĳƺţ֪Լı


3155 ƪ
˵ʵڰǻԪ磬ָ֪ʵ˲࣬ӷָģˣ¾ָͬһϵħʦ֪Ҳ֪ǳһСС塣
ڣаʾȻһ仰͵ָıⲻԵе
ԭ˵ָ֪ӷѾʽ˫ӴսҲ֪ϾҪˣ֮ǰӴӿǧʵ϶˵Ǳߵɱӷһͬս˫Ӵ޿ɺǵġ˫ӴҲʲôҪĵһ£Ҫȫɱָ֮ԻҲΪȻ½պþȰӷ˳ﰢǻԪɣĿģǸаһģ
ָֻյ֮ͨɽʱȴ֣˫ӴǱߵѾ˸ˣҲкüɽǱߵͨˡָе֣˵ʱ򣬳ӷûܹЭ˹ѽ˫Ӵ۵Щȴȷˣôһ£
ľҩڳɽǱߵĵ֮󣬾ֱ뿪ǲɵվȣ֪ʲôʱӲ֪˫Ӵ۵᲻ԮǵȵĻһ˫Ӵ۵֣Ǿ·һġԣľҩ뿪ˣͬʱָȴˡ
ɽǱߵָ벻ͨ漴ָ뵽ȻԼһɽǱߵǾͶȻȥͨģǺָɽҲͨƬ֡
ָֻ벻ǣЭģȻǳаһëͷСӣһֻʮˣȻ֪ɽǱôɵģһַεĻȻʧ֣ϽЭǱضǸӷйϵģָûֱӶԳаʶ֡
ڣָ͸ˣëͷСӣȻ֪ԼıʲôأǳӷǵĻԼ֪ıͲˣɾӷҪЭܾܲǼɡ
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аҲ֪Լֻ˵ǳӷˣ²ָܸ̫ѹĵˣҪָĻаʾͿȥطˣʱϣǻôġ
˵ֻǳӷ£ָӦò̫ɡ˾ǲߵ顣ڵѾ˷ʱˡ
Сӣðѻ˵ǳӷˣǾͲǵˡ
Ҳǳӷô򵥡ҵݣҲ󲻵ġǸ磬ҿһ֮£֮ϡ
һ֮£ӣǴġϷֵǣȻͨͨ˫Ӵ۵Ϊʲôûɱ㣿⸽ʬ壬ȫǴӴǧеģȫˣеȫô̵ʱ֮ڣҲɱô˰ɡɽǱߣǼˣʵ൱ĵ΢
˵ôˣֱӸˡҽгаʣҵˡ
磬ңӷֵܣɲѽʨֵ𣿾֪ʨңҲֻгӷôһӰɣ
ҵȻǳӷֵܣǳ۵ӡ
ʲô
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Сӣ⻰ɲ˵ġʨһŮ֮ǰϷҲѾˣʲôʱðôˡ
̣ķϻܱܲô࣡ǳӷСӣҲΨһһӣˣҲκһˣ˵Ǵδġ
δ磿
Ļаʿɻǵһ˵ڣĻм˻أָҲŰɡ
Сӣ˫Ӵ۵ˣϷʵĻϷ򻹿ԷһϷ˵˵Ļ춨ɱ㡣
֪ҪɱǼǳ򵥵飬Ҳûк˵ǳӷСӣǳӷڶ֮󣬸ǴӶʮ֮δġ
ָе㲨ԼûκιϵҲκ˶ûйϵȴйϵ
˵Ǵδģ
ûδ磬磬硣
˵ڼ飬㶼
ҲΪ֮ҵţԭ֪һжѾ˸ı䡣ڵ磬δ֪һУһˡȻҲ֪⵽ôһ£ǳӷС㣬ġûҪƭ㣬㲻ŵĻԿҵ֣ҵ⣬һָ
ָһ³аʵ֣һָȻĲһǸָָе졣
ϷȷӷҲһĽָ
ҵָǳӷģҳ֮󴫸ҵģնΪһĵһ̳ˡ⣬һ㣬Ҳûҳǰǰһ³
ָɲҵЩ飬˵ϷȲݣȽ˫Ӵ۵˵Сӣȥͨ͵ϮǲҪ뿪Ȼ½Ϸɻкܶ벻ͨҪ㡣
ȻˣǾȶлǰˡ


3156 ƪ
ָЭһƬĵ˿Բˣһָͺñһ˵ǿߵļ룬緽ķ㡣
аʱǰĵطȻ½󣬿ָаҲͲҪˣӲᱻָĻŵѵ˵뿪Ȼ½Ͳ뿪𣬷˫ǴսѾʼ˫ӴǱæģĻʱȥԼֳֽ˫ӳΪеѽԣаûκεĸԥ֮£ֱӾܻ½ȥˣֻаʸյ½һͨڱȽ϶ּ֮صʬ壬ߵʬ壬ɲǴģ˫Ӵ۵
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аеƣûѽģԼľ壬һָΧԸոշһսսʱӦòãЩʬѪȵģɴ˿ɼǶãǧȫǸõġ
ľаʵʮҲƣ˹ˣ֮ǰһָö룬Ѿվ˳ӷߣڣֽʲô˶ߵĵµأ
áȫ
аеĽһУͬʱһ⣬վ˳аʵǰһɽ֮ϡ
һƽ׵ˣθߴǻƽ֮ϣкܶ಻ͬɫıʯ
˲ʶˣаʿʶģʶô򵥣֮󣬳аʸеһɸиУϲʦ
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ԣһĻƽףǸߴΣˣɾȡ
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ֻаʵĻƣʵСӣʲôˣ
аЦһʵδ磬ȵȷǳаʵʦаʵĵʦӷΪ̵ְ̫֮аʣ棬ȨƵƿط棬Ƚ̵аʵġȳаʽʽӹʨ֮ȵļֽһΣǱ㽫ĵʦˣʦǸʨɲͬνĵʦǵʦ֪ӷȣжôȥأδԼӣȡ
ڣȵȻǲ֪δҪˣⳡ˫Ǵս˭ʤûаգȥ
а֪ԼԸָȴܸȣΪָײβ֣˭ҲҲԼܣָǲй¶ģľߵ˸Ӳй¶Ϊľ壬ǳаʴδʵһȻ󣬵аȴܺܺõա
ףǾеһ֣òĽʶɣ
аɽϵȣеĽ
ȵһ֮ǰ˫Ӵõľɱּ˳аеĽԼĻۣȫλֻʣλûˡ
ȻӵһλӣӦþǳӷ˵СӰɣ
ңҽгаʣӦ֪Ҳĵˡ
ȻǵˣǾٷϻĿӦøһߵѾˣҾͷΪȥĵˡ
аҲϻҲ˵ϻʱ˵áȻ½Ǳָȣھǧ½
ŶָȻ½ӷû뵽ԼˡţҲãŲ֮󣬵ãҲҪˡǰϣЩͨڵĵȫɱ˳
аʽ£˫ȭһ˵лˣǰ
ûʲôлġȻǳҵˣڵ飬Ѿǳҵˡ
䣬Ȳٶ˵ʲôֱӿһռ֮ţһͿ˽ȥ
ϸ½ɡ
аٵٶȣ½֮󣬳аʵ˸½ı߾ʱּصʬ壬óаһơ
ѽôҲȶ֡һָһȣǻԪ磬ӷվһǿߣҲˣܻеѽ
ħħ
ڳаԽԽֻ֮һ΢ֱߴаתһһˣû
˵˭֣
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ѾһϢˣȴһҲ֪аʲôˣΪԼˣ˵ǣħʦ
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аеΣǻԪħʦǰ˴ħʦǲ˫Ӵ۵
˵ĸħʦ
ˣ˴ħʦ֮һˣɱˡ̣֮䣬ߵˣˡֵܣ棬ת˴ħʦѾ˴ۣ
˴ħʦ˴ۣ
ѽԼ֪ǻԪָ֮İ˴ħʦȫ˫Ӵ۵ˣҸ˫Ӵ֮䣬ĳֽףŻ᲻һ˫ӴġΪʲôڣǻᱳ˫ӴˣȫûȫͲܷѽ
аҲ֪Լδ֮󣬺ܶ飬Լ֪ʷѾ˳׵ĸı䣬ΪԼδߵĹϵɣºܶ飬ԭһˡ
ô˴ħʦ汳˫ӴۣǾ˵ǽӷվһ𡣵ڣ֪µˣֻгаʣľʮ˶ں棬ûһ˵ġ
ΪԷһаʻʵ֮⣬֪𣿡
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㡭
飡
аһƾʹ˵ͷϣñ˵ڳаһ֮£ֱӵ


3157 ƪ
Сӣе㲻ԾѽЩˣ˭ɱģ
ľ˿Χصʬ壬ǧѽ֮䱻ģⰢǻԪ磬ʲôʱ˶ţˡ
аһ£ӣǰ˴ħʦ⣬ȫûɷ˫Ӵѽճа֪ʷ˵˫ǴսУǰ˴ħʦɶʮֵּҲ˫Ӵ۵мơڣǰ˴ħʦΪʲôᷴأ
ӣұҪȰ¸ȥľҩ֮ͣҪһطһȥǵġ
СӣҪȥʲôط
ҪȥҼˣǾͲõˣҲµġǣ˫Ӵ۵Χɱû˰ǣֻǸˡ
ףȻСҪ죬Ǿȷֿպɡ
аʵ˵ͷ˵оǣǧҪǻһΪʶǣǵЩ˵Ҳǳأ޷϶ǵ֮ǰǲǿġ
а֪˵ƣɣǶļصչǻԪ磬ðһ˵ǸͬһսߵģǱ˵Ƹˣ¾ϳЩˣš˵ľҪʱҪκ˻һֻҪȴųаʾˡ
ȻаҲûҪΪаԼĴ㣬Գһ壬˵Լδߣ˫֮սĹؼء
˫һ֮ҲûκεķϻаֱӷȥľʮˣҲȥľҩǻȥˡ
ͬʱ½˫ӳǣ˫ӻʹĳ֮ڣ˫Ӵ۵д󳼣ȫۼڴˣЦɽǣȫɽѾͶ˳ӷ磬ȴɵʱ뿪Ϊڳӷ֮ǰͽɽǣǧҪסţӲʱ˫ΪᵼЩȫ屻ԼҲ·һֻҪɴ˫͵֮ǰʲô鶼û˫ӴҲɵӣȻͶ˳ӷ磬ǺβЩأҲܵһʱЩ˵ĶҪǣɽǽЩͶӷ˸ֱӾͽɽǲĳˣеģͲҵĳˣЩҲῴɽǵ³ʱǲΪɽǵ³еη壬ֻԼĴеӵĵģעһ˫ɲС˺
ЦҲɵϣ֪˫ӴĴ㣬ǾͲһȥɽǽоһ嶼ûУᱻ˫ӴΪЦһסСɫ
ȻһʼĻ屬ƣӿЦûеõ˿ΪͨˣһûУܵõĻ˵ǧԵõʼ汬Ƴˣ
Ȼ½½ôˣ
˫Ӵ۶Цʵ
ۣߵҲûϢ
쵰۲Ѿ߹Ҫʱ߻㱨Ϣ𣡡
ۣܾе㲻Ѱ
Ŷ˵˵ʲôѰģ
˵ӷȻѾʽսˣǾͲӦöˣӦûֱǰ磬һ·ɱġɵڣӷûκϢǱҲûκεĶԵĺܲˡ
Ц˵䣬˫ۿ˿ɽڵɽӻƵģɽɲɵʱӻǲ͵ǲ𣬳ԼѾͶ˳ӷˣȻ˫ӴѾ֪Щ˵ڣǾܱԼҵİȫ
˫Ӵ˱۾ʵ˳ӷ֮⣬ľظ磬һҶ˷أǼûʲô
ۣǼҲҶ˷ڻڽңû¶棬ҷ浽ڣ֪Ҷ˷ݡоǣ¼ңμң׼ңڴҶ˷⣬ÿһҶõĹ֮Ϊ֮á
˫Ӵ۴Цһ˵ĸ壬ȻõĹ֮ҪűǻΪһĹܸ֮вɡӣļңˡ
˫Ӵ۴˻һõˣȫһ
Ĵ壬˫ӴһַģȻȲ壬Ū˵֮⣬ǻԪļУļǰéġ˫Ӵȴ˵ļңˣ˼ǲ˵ǣҪӰǻԪˣ
ۣ¿ڻǶԽֵʱǸӷľսڼǰնĻ»ʿӰġ
˫Ӵ۵˵ͷ˵šĵҲеĸȴҲò֪̻ͨĻ飬ճУ۵뿴ڻϣǻʲôó
ǣۡ

ʱһʿ漱ææ˽ӣЦЦת˫Ӵۡ
˫Ӵۿ֮ɫ䣬ֻú¡һһ¡
˶ųһ亹ЦҲ⣬ȴǾֿʵۣʲô£
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ӷ磿ѵˣ
ӷ粻ɵʱ֣ûʱ־͵ǵȴ¡ӣһ崫ģһȻ½ģһ½ġݻһɳȥͨڵ½ȫˣ
Цɫһ䣬ˣҲ໥һۣÿһˣ˫Ӵۡ
½ͨڵȫˣʧҲ̫˵ɣΪҪǣµľУʲôˣ½Щͨڵأ˫Ӵɳɲѽ


3158 ƪ
˫Ӵۿ⳯ڵˣ˫ŭ֮ȴ侲ı飬˶׼˫Ӵʲô
ν黢ȫ˲²⵽ĻǴҲͻ˼ˣ˫Ӵ۲κһˣεȫʲôǸ˫Ӵʲô
˶Ϊ˫Ӵۼŭ֮ȴϣ˫ӴͻȻЦ˵һӷ磬û뵽ǻԪżʱ䣬֮ôǿˡ½Ȼ½½ԪΪӴĴ½Ȳ˵Ķ٣Ҫ·ܣٶϣҪﵽһ۷ĸ߶ˡ
˫Ӵۿһɽʵɽʲô
ɽû뵽˫Ӵ۾ȻԼʱ򣬲Լûп뷨˵ģֻһֻۣһֻۡΪɽϵĿɲһˣҲļ壬Щ󳼣ɶɽءһɽ˵һ仰Щδػǵļˣûġ
ۣ΢Ҳ̫׳ӷ絽׵ʲôˣȻô̵ʱڣ½ر
ɽ˵ĺɣһ仰ѣ˭֪ڵɽ󲻹»˵ͬһɽ㡣
ӣ㻹ûеϺͿĵزʲôʱ˵ʲôʱ򲻸˵˭ɽҲ̫ˣĳЩˣֻҪӷ粻Ǳ۾Ͳᶯǵġ
˫Ӵ˵ĳЩ˭ȻɽȺˡ
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⻰˵ģҲλ̫ǣǿ˰ɡûȸָȷǵʵڵõʼ֮˵ħ磬Ѿʹڵľ磬˫Ӵ۵ļͬˡˣ½ǺεȵӴѽˣټһڤغˣܷ½֮䣬ɱôƨɶĵǾԲܵģ·ϣҲﲻǵȽѽ
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Цһѣ˫Ӵ롣ѽȥض֮ǰԳӷ˵ʲôأ
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Ц죬㡣۵Ը֪
شۣµȻ֪һ޵С
ûֿ޵УˣûȥضȵĻǱҲܼλˡ룬һ޵еˣܻ͵͵𣿡
˫ӴһʣЦʱ˹
ѽ۵Ҫӷ磬Ȼܾ͸ô㶯ѽҲҪʮС½Ϊ˫Ӵ۵ļɣϾصڣû˫Ӵֹģӷ磬ҲһŮ˰ˡ
ȷһߣȻͨڵرѾô࣬ǾûҪе˼Ǹ档ԭҲûΪֹϾãҲǳصġ£Ц죬ȥһɣ̻ٿ顣ڻ֮ϣ뾡һа취˵壬ļҵҶ˷ۿȴ
˫ӴۻһһףͨǱڲˣΪҲ֪Ѿܲˣû´ĻѾ֮һ˰ǻԪ硣Щ˴֮Ǳ밢ǻԪ磬ûи˫Ӵ۵ĳͻ
ļң˫ӴҲò֪ӷ㵽ʲôطȥˣʱٴ򽯼ļҵ⣬Ƕ˫Ӵ˵ɾͲǸͷˡ
ĴЩЦ˫Ӵ۲Ųк֮ǣȳӷ֮˵֮󣬱ɷһսˡ
ЦͷӦһҪһЩ׼ܾܹȥΪļҲɵѽܲ˵ɣһǷǻ鷳
˫Ӵ˵ɽЦһȥЭɡ
ʲô
ɽҲȥ⻹ͻȻɽˣҲһ˫Ӵ۵ڸʲô
ۣ΢ڲ̫Щɣɽ˵
ȻЦһȥȻű۵Ĵ㡣Ҳۼˣ㲢һˣϵ̫ˣһһĻǾӦ֪ôĺ
ɽǺ޵ģ᲻֪˫Ӵڴʲôע⣬ԴвԼԼܵܲѹǸʱԼ·ߵ֮£Ψһ˭Ȼֻгӷһˡ˫Ӵӷֻ˫Ӵû뵽ǣӷҲѽѵص˵ȫٳǸʱ֣һ嶼ûˡˣ˫䣬ûʼأһƻӷҲܷΪ⽫ϵ˫֮սе˫Ļ
ɽΣʱҲֻǵͷȻΣ΢Цһһ˰ɡ
ЦҲЦһ˵ɽ࣬һΣǾͺˡ
ɽûȥЦ죬ֱתȥ
˫Ӵ۵˫ۣһֱɽ˵ӷѽӷ磬㲻ڱ۵Ǳۻʶһ£ⳡ䣬ôչ


3159 ƪ
˫Ӵ۵޹֮ڣ̻֪ʱģŲ裬ֱ˫Ӵ۴ӳûʱ̻ŷ²豭վ
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ۣҪɳЩ
ۼǵģˣһƣʵôȴң˳ᢵı¡⻹һǣʵҲߣȴøֽ󷨣ŵڣԪĸħҲѾǳˡһɣǸŮˣʵǰףĻǸǳĵʱƭˡˣĶͷԸǸӵеı¡̻ϸɳһʦıɱˡ
˫Ӵ۵Ļ̻Ϊ֮һ˵һʦۣˣбҪһʦıҪ֪ıҲʦѽ
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̻˵ͷ˫Ӵ˵û棬ƴɱǽսĻٿȫֵǾʦܽӷֵµʦȫɱȲ˵ģٶľľͻžԵĶҡ
ʾ£˭һʦ
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˫Ӵһʣ̻ûκεľţֻǵ˵ͷ˵ǵģѾ֪ˡ
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ɽЦͬһսϣһֱĿǽ鶼ûκιϵƵġ
ɽѵһҲ棬嵽ʲôط𣿡
Цɽ󶼲ģսڲͣķУڼԦսѾ뿪˫ӳǣΪ֮ǰ۸ʼһսµƴĹϵЦս뿪˫ӳǺһֱɵġ
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ѵΪͶӷ£ۻ᲻֪𣿡
Цôһ˵ɽҲֻôһֻǡŶһȫûЦ˵·ϡ
Ϊ࣬ʱ򣬾Ȼ˳ŵסҪѧϰѽ
Ц࣬ѧϰͲˣ룬ൽˣȥɡ
Ц쿴űĿɽϼһô֪쵽ˣ
Ӱ󡣿
ӣѾﲻɽˡ
Ȼ˫ӴοѾЦ죬½ϱߵĲɽһǵؼʱ̣ЦԲ֪֮ģ
ȻǺֶѽ֪֮ء
Ц죬ֻǸͨˣȻ޷о·ƾˡҲΪ֮ǰʨǵǿ֮һսѾ𺦣֮£ֻħԴ޸ģϷ򲻿֪۵Ĳɽ֮ڡ
ۣ֪࣬ⲻɽǴ۵֮𣿡
֮ǰֳƺЦĿˣӣɽһͬǰ棬ĵġ
ΪǴ۵֮أ͸Ӳ˻ˡ˭뵽Ԫڴ壬Ὠڴȥʼ֮أ


3160 ƪ
Цɽ󵽴ڵصͬʱҵĴ壬ҲѾӵ֪ͨĻ飬ڽٿһεͬǰ飬˫ӳھеģ嶨صģһνӵ֪ͨȴϸдˣһεĻ飬ֱУļңڽ֮ǰϵɽ
һźɫ뺯ԵļΪƣȻ֮ǰΣ֮󣬾ѾµĻ黹ǻеģһ巽ʽȥУҲ˵һε鲻ǼҪԱμӣۼҲΪ˫Ӵ۸ӷ֮Ĵսó׼û뵽ǣ巽´֪֪ͨͨĵص㣬Ȼ塣
Ҵ֮ڣŽҵˣҲҶ˷ڡҶ˷ݻûڽҵĴ屩¶Ҷ˷Ѿ֪Լ˫ӴǱѾ¶ˣϾڳӷҲûһ仰Ҷ˷֪ӷһôˣΣգӷһ֪ͨԼ̴ӽģȻڳӷʲôû˵Ҷ˷ͿʱĵĴڽҡ
Ͼ˫ӴӷڰеĸĶԶĳԿɣܷܲڰеĳԿɡֻǲ֪ӷһҪʲôУҲصʲôطȥˡ
ӷ磬˿͸ŵģͲᰴ³ƵķֶΣҲǳӷ˵ʤһơ
Ҷ֪ͨô
Խҵʵл˽ҵħڡ
֮ǰô飬ǧ磬ڶˡ˵ʵûеʨĻЩҲܻڡȻڵʨʧˣĶӳӷȴѾʽ˫Ӵս˵Ӧ˫Ӵټ壬ôԸǱߵŶѽΪʲôǸǰһԼأһ֮ڿᣡ
һ˵ѽȷ֣ڶ֪˫Ӵ۵ôģǣȻڲɽǲɽ˫Ӵ۵֮أ˶֪˫Ӵۿ˵ǴӲɽ߳ġ˫Ӽһ֧صֽ˫Ӵ۵ϼңл᲻ʲôèأ
˶ڲ룬еһ飬᲻ʲôı棬ַһ룬ȻӷѾʽ˫Ӵս˫ӴӦҪʱʱ򣬲˷ĴֻҪǱѣ˫Ӵ۶һֻۣһֻ۵ģӦʲôıķŶѽ
ǵģ˫Ӵۻ᲻ԼʲôˡʵԼҲûҪ˫ӴۣĵƣҪеģǳ£ΣңҲͬ뷨֮ǰҲһҶ˷ˡ
Ҷ˷Ⱥǰе񣬱ʵҶ˷磬ôµģ
Ҷ˷ѽһҪ֪ӷʲôطȻڳӷ粻Լϵ˵ӷʱǲģսѾˣֻҪһ¶棬Ǿֱӿ򣬲ҪκεķϻˡȻ˵ڻû¶棬Ǿ˵ӷڵĲҲȫҲҪ˵ɡ
Ҷ˷ܲʲôʹڽѽȻӷ粻¶棬Ҷ˷ֻȥˡ
ֻҶ˷Ҷ벻ӷصʲôطȥأ˵Σյĵطȫģ˫ӻʹȻǳӷĵһѡ񣬿ɳӷ뵽£˫ӴȻҲĵ˫ӴѾ˽˫ӻʹ˺üε׳죬Ȼûҵӷ磬˵ӷͲ˫ӻʹ
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ųӷ֮أôһʣҶ˷ŷӦ˵˵ʲôţ
Ϸ㣬ε֪ͨʲô
ңʲôһֻǰͬˡǰ˵Ǽ˵Ļ飬һȴȫ飬ʵ˵ˣε飬۷顣ڳÿһˣȥμӵġ뷨ҹŸǽһģֻǲҪһȥ塣
Ϊʲô
ܼѽǲǵһεĻʲô˫ӴΣչӷʽս飬⣬ɼȻǲ֪ڣǾûҪȥͷȹȥǽ󵽣ıǸ壬Ҳȥڻҡ
Ҷ˷˵ûȻҳ˽֮⣬Ҷ˷粻˳ۣҶ˷⻰ֲĲýҵЩ˵ͷͬ
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⻰ֻҶ˷һ˵ģУ˼
Ҷ˷翴ĳʣ̽ԼϾ֮ǰΣ飬ʱ򣬲ǽ˫Ӵۣʲô棬ҪŵġԽԽ׺һЩܵʱ˵ĵĻ㵹Ļˡ
ǻ򵥡ֱ˫Ͷӷѽ
ҵ˿ɲǰ뷨˿Ѿŭ߳Ҷ˷磬⻰ʲô˼ѵ뺦˲ɣ
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˵Ҳ֪ӷ׹ûУˣ˶١˵Ǳ߲ټļҼĻ飬˲ٵıҪȥЩˡ
Ǳ߶˲ٵı֮ǰ˫Ӵɳȥ񲻰ڰɡӣ֮ǰ˫Ӵ۵ЩѾʧˣ֮£˫ӴֻǶˡ
˫Ӵ۵յƣ㣬Ҷ˷Ѿ֪ˣȻ˫Ӵ۶壬Ҷ˷Ҫ֪嵽׳˶
ж˵ѽǼҵٴѵĹ˫ɡҿ˵֮ǰ˫ӴѾɳ˲ǻԪ磬ϰٴ½ҲȫжˣǻԪ綼첻飬ѵһܰ쵽𣿡
Ҷ˷磬ɲҪС塣ĵ̣ϷҲ˫Ӵϻѵʱ֪ġһȥ壬Ҳܼʶһ
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˵ȥһҪȥ˵ǲܵһȥ´֪ͨǽǰϵɽǾڳһҲûĹϵ
Ҷ˷˵Ҳ̫ˣϾı˫ӴۣεĻ飬Ҳһ˫Ӵ۵ȥ̫˵Լй𡣻ڳɣֻҪ˵طֱӽ壬ҽȥٽͺˡ
š㵣ĵǲ˫Ӵ۾ǽйðɣڳȫǰɽһȫȥ
Ҳɴ࣬Ȼ˫Ӵ۶ԼɣԼҸħһȫȥ壬μⳡĻ顣
ͬʱ¼ҡ
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Ѿ𣿡
س
ⲻѽûϺͿĵز֮£Աص㣬ټѵͲ𣡡
ʱͬˣӷѾʽսΪأʱɲ뱻ۻɡ
ţ˵Ҳûʱ򣬲˭ֻҪǱɵģǶ·һãȻѾˣǳ¼ңҲ
μҷ棬μҵȫϣ׼
׼ҷ棬׼߸μһеȫۼȴȸ¼ҷϵһ£ڵ֪¼Ѿɽ󣬿׼ҵļġ


3161 ƪ
ɽǰǻԪһǳСɽȴñȵϲɽһֻɽԭȵʱǻɳγɵģڳʼһսΪȫɽһħħʹɽһΧţҲΪһ߱ħ˲ɽȫ
ڵĲɽֺñȻɽΪħĹϵҲΪӷʽսĹϵ̻Ѿ¹ûõ֮ǰκ˶ý벻ɽ벽ֻҪǱߵħûпһţǲɽΧĻҲ׼κ˽롣Ȼ˫Ӵ۵ĻȻù˼ǿˣԳ磬ˣû˫Ӵ۵ǵʵҪͨĻ벻ɽ壬ǾԲܵģ
Ĵǰ󵽴˲ɽ⣬ڵǵϡҶ˷˵ֻҪһͿˣʲô⣬˭Ƚȥ˭ڻҡڵ岻ͬĻκһӶܵһġ
ʲôǰϵֲСԽԽ״ˡ
ѽĴȫѾˣȴǽȥôĻѵҪӲȥɡ
ħɵġ֮ǰһս½ĵ˱仯½ĵΣҲ仯Ȼⲻɽ˫ӳǱߵľҲ̫ԶʱħסվɽĻҪͬɽһʧˡ
Ĵۼ˲ɽһҲͨ˫ӳǵķ
ڵ˫ӳΪ۸˫Ӵ۵ĹϵѾλǻԪߴվڲɽ£̧ͷ˫ӳǸ߸ϵĵơ
ĸļ˿ҲѾۼһ𣬵ȴûһ˵ģĸϼһһˣ֪ʱ˭˵ǱضǶģǾ͵Ƕ˫ӴνӿڳǻǹԹԵĵŰɡ
Ҷ˷ûиĴ˴һΪ֮ǰĴ嶼ԼĹϵҶ˷֪Ǵһһ鷳ģ㽯Ҳ֪ԽͬҶ˷ȵɽһȥɽٽҶ˷ɽˡ
û뵽廹治һĸߵȥѣô鷳
Ҷ˷ĴҲ̫ԶֲҪʲôܹԶˣµʱĴ˶ȥˣԼһ˸£Լûȥˣ
ǰģҶ𣿡
Ҷ˷֮ͻȻһŮ˵Ҷ˷ееΣԼ㵽ˣû뵽鷳ˡ
תһŮˣԼŮμҵĵһ̳ˣ硣
ԭδСѽδС㲻Ǳߵţ
Ҷ˷ֲûŮˣ糤ôġǰҶ˷磬вŮΪµģ
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ҶӿŬѽĻ鶼Ҫʼˣ㻹ץʱѲǽĻʲô𣿡
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Ҷ˷ЦδСҰæǿϴҵķϣҾͰǰɡ
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Ŷ㲻Ѿ˽𣿡
뽯ңǽҼģģֻһһ塣Ҳ˵ҲҪΪֻǴŽҵŰˡԣʲôʲô֮䣬Ҫ֪ͨһġ
ԭˡҶӻǾý̫СݲѽμҰɡ
μңͱȽҴ󣿾֪壬ΪףΪΡμңڵİɡ
ѲҶǴͶ壿
ҲҪģֻһƽ̨˭ܸƽ̨ҾͰ˭
ڿٵתţʵ벻ͨҶ˷⻰ʲô˼˶֪˽ң˵ĻԼμң˵֮סӣһҰģ治СѽҲĿĻܻͶ˫Ӵۡ
Ȼȥ룬Ҷ˷Ͷӷģ֮ǰڽϣҲӷ綯
ҶӣȥǼǼ̸һ̸㿴ô
ˣ˿ɲϲύѣӲҪѡҪĻֱ˵ˣûеĻǾ벻Ҫ



3162 ƪ
ȫͶҶ˷磬˵Ҷ˷ֻҰĴҪһ㹻ʩչʵ̨ĻȫֱȥͶ˫ӴۣĻĹ֮Ҳ˫Ӵ֮ˣҶ˷ȴƫƫܵȥˣһһ˾˵ܽȥġֻ˵Ҷ˷֮ǰûȥӽ˫Ӵ۵Ļǲò˵ĻõĻᣬֻҪĻչ¶ͷǣǱض˫Ӵ۵עġԴ˵Լղ˵ʲôĻöҶ˷θ𣬵Ҷ˷Ļ»ǣԼμңϾ֮ǰڽϣԼμҿվҶ˷ģһ˫Ӵ۹Լμҿһôûѽ
£Ҷ˷磬ΪԼμҵһűûűȴԼμ֣֮Ǿ̫˰ɡ
ţӣҶ˷űʵǲҪ̫ΣˣǽҪˣϾҪù
ȻҶӶμûʲôȤСþͲҶˡʾһ£Ҷʱÿŵ㣬ӦϾҪĴˡ
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һߣһһ۵ߣһʶġ
ɽ࣬ô
û֮ˣɽ
ɽ磬һ鶼ûУе֣ΪԼμҸɽĽ黹㲻ƽҲкοԼμҵĵһ̳ˣɽȻΪ࣬μȴ֮һɽеĴҲǺֹۣ˵ɽӷᣬҲЦ찵жһֲõԤС
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Ҷ˷̾˿˵һû뵽Ȼôһ֡
ŶѵҾͲӦôһ𣿡
˫Ӵ㣬ñǣȻƤӵ£ȴû֡

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ɽأ
Ҹպóᣬȥļ˵ļȥˡѾʽ˫ӴսֻҪǵһưڿǾûصˡԣ֮ǰɽЩˣȻǲκεĺ֮ǵġҲǸ֮󣬲žġ
ѵͲģ˫ӴۻᷢɽǼٵģ߷ɽ𣿡
˽ԼˣԶԼĵˡ㣬Ӧú
ѽ˫Ӵ˽ӷ磬ɳӷͬ˽˫Ӵۣ֪ʲôķʽȥ˫Ӵ۲Ųᱻ֡ɽ󣬳ӷ͸õˡǰǻԪ磬ɽǾϽôⰢǻԪǱжĻҲܻ졣
е˼Ǳûˣ߽ô죿
֮ǰļƻˡ
ôʱˣѵ㻹뷢˫ڲ𣿡
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壿֮ǰļƻҪ˫Ӵ֮Ĺϵ𣡡
ⲻѾڿʼ˫Ӵ۵ˣμҵĵһ̳ĵ̣ǽӦ֪ô˰ɣ
Ҷ˷һ£˵Ů˵εĻ໥
û׼ȷӦýĸ壬һңɽļҾԲܻĶ֣ԣĴȫֻһ룬ļҵļҪĳԱΪţĴһ˫СҪģĴƴȻһ룬ĴΪ˫ӴļҶ֣Դļ˫עһ˫ӴۡʱٽɽǱߵһ˫Ӵ۵ˮⳡˡһսҹ˫ӴҲҪʧʮ֮ɡ
ȫ̸ֽҪʩ̫ܣֲɵӣ˫ӴԽǶ֣ҲμһȻɣô˵ҲɱһһʧȥսҲŻѽһ̳˶Щ˵Ͳʲôһ
ԣҪˡ
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ûοǸЦһͬǰģ̫ãЩ黹ҪȥôԼɣֻҪ̫ˣһսһܴġ
ӷ˵꣬ٴα仰ɽӣᴩ治ɽȫκε谭
Ҷ˷ڿûʱȥӷڵʵֵһôĵز̯ӣԼգҪգ֮ԼҪһΣһΣǼ鷳ѽ


3163 ƪ
ѵҹʮ֣㣬춼Ǻģȫ˵ֲָΪⲻɽĹϵȴΧȫʹ½Ҳ߳ȣ֪ħǺεȵǿ
˿̣ڲɽİɽ䣬Ƭ֮УͻһǰԵĻ壬漴ǰԻ忪ʼתֻǰԻ֮ڣ˳ֱӳĴڵɽ¶
Ĵĵȫóһ·Ĵļͬʱǰһ񣬵λʹߣ겻һɺ÷񣿡
ǿһãʹȫûʺ÷ֻǲмļҵ𣿡
˵ѾˡλʹߣڣǷԽⲻɽˣ
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3164 ƪ
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3165 ƪ
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Ц˵ǴҸһͬǰԹģûб˼ֻ黹δʼͷ顣˵ļҸɽʱʧˣһСʱ֮ǰ巽棬Ҳʧʮˡû´ĻһǱ˲ɽ֡
Ǳ벻ɽҶ֣⵨Ҳλ̫˵ɡ
ⲻɽŴħ󣬳ӵдǵʵǲܽġºǱ룬ӵʵˣزҶ˵ҲӦòµĵ˭ɣ
˭˭Ц춼Ѿѻ˵ˣ˳ӷ֮⣬Ͳбˡ
ԱߵɽҲǳӷ籾ȴǿЦѽҶ˷絽ڸʲôԼֻɱĴˣ޻壬ô˶Źѵ໥޻ɣ
̻ʵҲֻȽһˣ໥֮Ҳû˵ʲôֻЦɽĶģּ̻𼱼ææӣǲŸġ
̻ʵЦ˼ǣӷѾɽׯ


3168 ƪ
Ц˵ͷǼλҲȥҸʧٵˣôã˹ѾˡҪģ뾡һа취ӷҳ²ĻӦѾɽׯ
Ѿɽׯ
໥һۣȻȫ̻ɽׯĵ̣˫Ӵۻħ󣬰˵ӷ粻ϢǱѽǱɽׯʲôطأ
̻˵Ц࣬Ҫɽׯһˣǿ̫ˡɽׯж󣬴Ҷģɽׯ֮ڣ˵һˣһ֧飬أҲǺҵġ
Ϊ䣬ѵԼɽׯ˽ҪҳӷʵҲǼ̫ѵ飬ֻҪɳ֣Щصĵطһ飬ӷȻеΣգȻ취ȥطġֻҪӷ绻طˣٻһ˷ɡ
ɽׯȷܴ󣬿ɱϾɽׯǵɽׯһ˶ҲҪִЦˡ
̻ЦһЦ˫ӴɹģΪļҵЦ˭ĵԳ۸ʼ֮ԭĳӷ磬Ȼܵˡ
˵Ц˵ӷǱ壬ҲֻԼĲ²ˣϾûۿӷ֣û˿ӷɱˡʧٵЩˣǱɱˣǳʲô£û֪
ӷ籾ȴڣһԼҸɨǰѩĹܱѪӣһ仰Ҳ˵Ǳ۾ʼĿ
ǿðɽ󣬶֪ڲܸ˵ʲô˫ӴЦһ壬Ȼ˫Ӵ۵⣬ǸĴһϵûУҲǲҪȥܣֻԼ鷳ġ
ЦȴһȻ˫ӴԼԼͲóӷðɽʲô˵࣬ڳӷ飬ʲô
ӷ۾һԱߵЦ죬˵ǵ飬ϷһϵûСӷǱˣȥұˡϷһˣϷǲ̫ܵġҵ˳ӷ磬ٺҲҪϷ֣ΪϷѾˣ죬ԳӷڵʵʲôϣǶġŶˣЦ࣬ҵӷ֮ٺҲСһ㣬ϾֻǸͨˣӷҪɱ㣬Ҳ֮¡
ӷ˵ⷬʱԼﶼúЦԼЩһȴҪȥԼԼԼǱأķģ
Ȼ಻ֳӷ£ҲͲΪˡҿ㻹ˣɽׯϸһɡ
̻˵ͷվ˵ˡ
ʲôԸ
ˣգۼ֮ڣȫȹ̻ǰ
֪ͨȫ£ӷѾǱɽׯˡһдۣҲҪҳ
ʲô
ӷǱɽׯ
໥һۣǴͷ˵֮ǰǵȷǼһ߶գ֮Ͳˡ
Цʵɿ˵ӣ
ûǴŰ۵ġٶȷǳ죬Ǹ͸ĴɽׯǻΪĴǿߣҲû̫⡣
һǳӷˣϰҳ̻˵
ǣ
ǳӷ𣿲ǣǾԾҶ˷硣ЩһûҶ˷ͷѾ¶ˡ
˵ǴҲûʲô˼ļҵһȥҰɡǵǳӷɱļǾԲŹġ
̻һ£춼ˣһĻˣ֮ǰһҪӷҳ֪ӷ᲻Ļϸʲôʲôҡ
ȻˣǴҾһȥҡҾͲţڲӷ绹ͬȰء
ˡ
ڳ˶ҪȥҳӷʱͻȻ⣬˳˽
ʲô£̻еԼͷƤе㷢飬ʲôõ鷢Ƶġ
ɽɽ
ɽôˣ
̻ɫʱһ䣬ɽׯĺɽǴĴݣֲͬħѽкܶħޣںɽ
ɽŻˣ
ʲô
ҿ
̻һ
ôŻ𣿺ɽ˿𣿡
ؼĻصȫɱˣԣ˹ݻġ
̻һ̤أŭ߳ӷ磬ȻܵŻϣ𣬺ɽǳҪܳ¡
ѽǻǹŹ֣ˡʲôֶζˣɲ֪ôģЩ㣬Խˮȥ𣬻ƾԽ󡣡
Ц˵ǳӷĵ𡣡
𣿲񷶦𣿡
û˵ôˣӷĵ𣬱ҪǿģĻֻѻƼӴ󡣡
Ц˵ʱ򣬳ӷȴǿˡԼʲôʱҶ˷ˣҲòѽԣǻȷҶ˷ŵģõģӦһԴˣˣҶҵ£Ϲҵǻ棬Ǵѧġ
ӷȻ֪Ҷ˷ΪʲôͻȻȥŻ𣬿ضԭ˵ȫܹȥǿ»ỵҶ˷¡ǣӷֻ˵λǧ˳ӷĵɽ֮ơȫܹȥˣɾͿˣһܵŰѻ壬Ҫˣ


3169 ƪ
һʱһĵطɽ֮Ȼκ˶ĵֻɽׯɲһĵطɽׯڲʲôط⣬ǶǴ⡣ǺɽصأǰĿ֮أҲǲСӵѽһһѻʧ˳ȥǻԪĵһ壬񲻾ҪΪ˵Ц
ӷ粻֪Ҷ˷絽ôȻѾ˻˵Ҷ˷˴㣬Ȼ齻ӷͲҪȥˡֻʱ̻ȫܵɽȥƻҶ˷šӷɲ̻ǸշҶ˷ôǿߣ̻ǳӷʶģҶ˷Ƕ֣·һ
ԣӷҲòһ飬Ҷ˷һĿǰĿӷҶ˷粻̻ѽ
Ц˵˵ǿǧҪ˳ӷļơ壬ҿɽ棬˴ˣǻǴȽϷġ
ȷȷǱȽϺõģٲʹɸʧ
ãǾͰλ˵ЩˣȫҲˣĻҪʱУǴ۵˼Ҳ
̻ٴλϣڿ֮ڣҲȫֻϣܶȫɽȥ
˴ԼСʱӣͼʿɽĻᡭ
ǲѾˣʿ˵̻꣬ʵ
ǣǻǸˡ
˵ʲôǸ߹ǣҪˮֻȥ𣡡
ؼǵȷǰģȥ𡣿ǣǵԽӴ󣬻ƾ͸ڶѾĵطӿˡ

̻ʱһŭȻҲܲôˣȫ
̻ûסֱӷɳ˿
ʱѾ˰СʱҶ˷Ѿ뿪˺ɽʱ򣬳ӷȫͲҶ˷̻ϣҲȥҶ˷綼ǰȫġ
Ц̾˿˵ӣӷѻŵеѽ
ӷʵЦ࣬˻Ǻ⣿
࣬ѵûһֺܹվôһͨ˶Ѿˡ
Ц˫ۿ֮⣬ȷ׺ܶ˸ȥȻ𣬿ȴ˵İе¡
İҲͬʱڿ֮˵ĺĺ
ӷԽʵʲô𣿡
˵֮ǰȣƵȷͬҲЦ˵ǰɡ
ȷЦ࣬Ӧ̫˰ɡ
ҲɡһҪСһ㡣ܾóӷ粻ĵֻһѻһĴ㡣
ʲôˣվס
ͻأһ˵漴һ˵ÿǽҵˣмҪǼ
ҵˣ̶Խ˵ȥ
ǣүү
ĻȽγȥ˵ʲô֤ǽҵˣǳӷ磿
û֤ҹȻ㡣
ɽׯȻҽ
ҿ˭
ϡ
ͻȻһĴýһŭ߳˭˶ˡˣϷȥֹ
ǣ

յģɱǽҶС㡣
˻ʮĴ˿˵ĶУȽҵĳԱûȥ󣬽һӵһˣ˵С
ֵǣ˾ȻɱǽҶС㣬ǸƴˣΪС㱨𡭡
ɱѽ
飬飬顭
ϡ
ѾԽԽ󣬿ҲǴ
ǽҵ𣡿ס֡
ǽҵģʲôˣ
μҵˣλǴС㡣
δСá˲ףɱǶС㡣
μң˵μҵˣóƾ֤򣬶ǳӷˣɱ֮
Ҳ̫ˣȻ˲
˭û֤ݣǳӷˡǳӷˣɱ
飬飬
С㣬С㣬ôˡ
쵰˸ӣȻҶμҴС֡ɱɱɱǣƴˡ
漴г¼Ҹ׼ҵˣ仰ֱӾͶ֣ȴ໥֮ɱ˭ɱ˭Ĵ壬еϵһ̳˱ɱ巽棬Ҳв˱ɱˣֻʱ̫ңû˲ҽеģֻ˫һԻȻǴɱ䣡
ӷڿѽҶ˷ʲôô˫ˡ֪Ļ黹ûʼھͰʱϣɾ̫˵㡣
ȻҶ˷ѾˣǳӷҲȥ˵ʲô˵Ҷ˷ҲβǰģȻʲô飬ǳӷû뵽飬Ҷ˷粻ôûնȵġ
Ц켱ˣĴôһ㣬Ļ黹ҪҪѽ鿪ʵҲһ£ΪҪģЦ޷ҽڣĴȨԼˡ
ѪӰҳȥôһ¡
ǣӡ
˵ڶû߳ĴţĴȫɵۣǸû뵽ᷢ飬һȫվԭأûжһ¡
ǻʲôǵ˸˶ˣȥֹ
Ц̾˿⻹ǿأֻǷ̫ͻȻ˵㣬Ǿʹסˡ
һӦ˵ȫϷȥ
Ҳ棬ϳȥȫ
ʵѾˣֻ֮ǰҶ˷ܴ˲ɽȻˣĴ˽ɽׯ֮Ҷ˷ַأ֮ǰӷɱԼɽʬ壬нǵ˵ʬ壬ȫ˹ںһ֣棡


3170 ƪ
˳֮Ѿһˣڵϵȫʬ壬ԼҵģҲ⼸ġȻҲУ˼һʮˣÿһ˵ﶼŸֲͬսħߣϵĺۼЩ˵ڵϵλԣڸովһɱҵͬھˣ
ǰһĻһͼǰеһ˱˫ۺ磬硣ѣѽ
ĳ¼Ҹ׼ҵļҲȫǰͬˣҷ棬ҲеĽһ˫˫۾ķŭ֮ɫ
С
һӣҲǽĸףһ˹ȥŮ
ףһҪΪСѽҾôһŮڣڡ
˫ɣ۾Ҳ¶˼ķŭ֮ɫЩʬ壬ĵ֪ʲô
ȴȽӦĿ죬ŭ̻߳
Ĵˣû˸ȥƺǽĸ壬ҲˣϾ֮ף˫ӴŵĹһһ˫ӻҵķ֧˫Ӵ۶Σ˫ӻһҪأͿ֪ļκ˶ܹȥµġ
ΪһȰ˵ȲҪô嶯鶼ûĻ»ͻ
ҵŮˣŮҲˡ¼Ҹ׼ҵļϵҲˡʱʲôѵҪʲɣԲŮȴܲŮĳ𡣡
Ǹһû취ѽμȻ󣬵Ҫҳһǵʵ治̫ܡЩ֪ϻ˶˼еĺöȫ磬ͳԪһеٮٮߡû뵽ԼμһôĴͳǿߣȻɥɽׯʣܵס
¼Ҹ׼ҵļȴûǰ㣬Ͼģǵһ̳ˣֻڼϵˣˣȴŭ
Цⳡ棬֪һҪ鷳ˣĴ嶼еϵˣҲˣ˵ֻǰɱĻǲ˭ɱģԼ޻ӷͷȥɸղŵЩԻÿһ˶ĺѽ֮ң޻ӷͷϣǾǰĴ˶׳ˡ
λлǵ˵嶯ǽģǴҶԼˡ
ԼˣЦ죬˵ĺŮֲŮ㵱ȻԲһˡμңôһ͵ˣҾƴͬھҲݵġ
ЦЦѽƴμңƴͬھЦ𣬾μһ˫ӻһ˫ӴۻվһǷǳԵġο±֣ôͻȻʹأԼЩ˸ճʱȫأһڶûΪҪǣ飬ȥɽʱŷģҲ̫ɺ˵ɡ
ԣ⡣
Ц˫һתΧ˿̫ˣţû̫ˣʱϣڵص㣬յķǳãҲ磬Ҹղ˵Ĳ廹Ĵˣȫˣν޶֤˵ղЩĻǼٵģ޴ӿ֤ˡ
Цӷѽӷ磬ȻǺֶѽһ㣬̻һ죬Ҳ˵ˡ
Աߵĳӷ֪Ц뷨һᱻҿаëǮϵɶҶ˷ɵģҿһֱһģ
˿̣ɽĻѾסˣ漴𣬶̻ҲʱһһǰһĻ̻еͿˡ
λ﷢ʲô£ΪʲôôˣʿС
˱۾Ҳ֪̻ܸһĻǾ겻˵ģĻ飬ҲͲÿˣ죬Ĵ壬˵ǳ׾ˣԼɣɱϾԼŮˣԼܲ浱ʲôûɡ
۾ʱû˵˵̻㻹˼Ƿʲô£
̻ɫһ䣬ȻֱӳƺԼ֣ǲСˡ
Ҳ⻰ʲô˼
ŭ̻߳ٸװ⡣ˣɱҵŮɱҵĵϵ㲻Ҫǣ£᲻֪
ôһ˵̻ɫԽӵѿ˵μ⻰ʲô˼ˣɱļҵˣ
ѵϹʬ壬û𣿡
ֻҵˣҲˡ
Ϊǵǣ˲ͬ⣬˵ʲôҪ֤ݣһԲϣͶ˵ʲôļҵĵϵǳӷˣļҵĵϵɱˡЩɶ׶ġ
׶ģ
̻Խʵμ˵ģǲģ
ûղ棬ǵˣԱ˼ţȴô࣬˵ʲô֤ݾǳӷˡѵЩ˶˲ɣǲļҵˣֻҪһʱ֪ûǣֱӾͶˡ
̻ôֱߵĸоѽֿЦ죬ЦǵһͷȻ˵Ȼ֮ǰҲ罯μλ˵ǰ㣬ˣûۿǳʱЩ˾ȫˡ


3171 ƪ
һεϣȷҪԽļֵģν֣ɱ֡˫Ӵ۷˽ԱĴ㣬ʱ֮ʣֻҪûȥͶӷģ˫Ӵ۶ֻ̫֣ҪļҵȨֵµһЩЦаˡҲ˵ʵε飬һȨĻ飬ܽļҵȨЦն˫ӴУҲ˵ǻع˫ӴУԣȨжȨ
˵ĻϻôķʽֶȥջؽļҵЩȨᶯǷֺģ㣬̻ǳףȻףԼ͸ӲȥɱļҵκˣԼû壬˭ҶԽļҶѽ
̻ѾʮֵˣҪ߼޻Լ壬Լ弸ʿ˽ļҼϵлμҵĵһ̳ˣһļңԼݡ
ѽѽԷһʵ̫ݶˣһ㣬ĻҲҪˣԼ岻ܸļһĻǽǽļҵȫˣȫͲȥˡΪڽļҿҶԼļҵĵϵ˵ɱ֣ǿ϶˫Ӵµѽ廹ûôĵӡ
̻һ¿ɻɲܸǶ֣һʧȥļҵҪ֪ĸ֮УɶŲСģļҵĵϵ֮Ϊ٣ǹҲŸԵСһҪԣеˣҲһᷴǸʱ˫һ󲻵ıʣ
̻ʵҲ˫ӴӷԤı˫ڲһ䡣ֻΪ֮ǰΣӷԭ˵û˻Ϊӷ绹Ƿ˫Ĵ㣬Ҳûôȥˡڿ飬ӷ֮⣬ͲбΪ֮
ӷýļң˫зһ䣬ɹ˵Ļⳡ˫Ӵ˵ʧǲСѽ
УҪֹļңԲܳ⣬ðŲִ˫ӴΣգ̻Ҳ뽫ļҵŭѹ
λϢŭһڸҿ룬ɽׯɽĻ˭ŵģļҵΪʲô粻ƫƫǾȻʱɱˣһ˵Ǹ˴ġҪ֪ڸղţߵ֣ȫһͬȥȻˣҲ˵߳Ǽλ֮⣬ûˡ
ŭ̻湻еѽʱѵ˵ǳӷɵ𣿡
ȷ³˳ӷ֮⣬ǲɵġӷĿҲԣĸ壬ǡ
̻˵꣬ͻأ̻ʱ֮ȫûзӦĵʱ򣬾Ȼ͵ϮԼ
áСġ
̻˴󺰵漴Ⱥ֮УҲ֪ʲô˵ҵ𣿻Ҫˣʵ޳ܵ˼㡣
漴ɽׯ֮⣬һĴ˺壬ǻԪһѽɱˣ͵Ϯġ
һһʱϳ˭ӷȻҲѾ֪˭Ҷ˷硣
Ҷ˷硣
ߵĽ˵Ҷ˷鷳ˡϴȥ
ǣүү
ƾˣסҵĻĹ֮𣿡
¡
ĻҪδ˳ȥæѽɽׯĴţѾһɾ޴Ľը˿漴Ѿɽׯ֮⣬ʬ壬ȫˣȫڵϣȫѾˣһǸõġ
ٿǴһˣһͷĽ𷢣ϴŰ£ȴѾʮ˿ڣѪɽׯڳ˽
ӷ翴Ҷ˷ӣһпѽԣϵˣԼ֮⣬Ӧûܽ˳ˣȻȥ˵ĺأȴֻЩƤ˰ˡ
ֳ̻ҵͷβ֪͵Ϯɱôˣѵ涼¶𣿡
Ҷ˷ʱѾȺ֮ǰ˽ҵˡ
ǰʵҶ˷磬ʲô£
ɽ·ϽɱǵˣҵˡлĹ֮ͱɱˡ
֮ǰǲ⣬ŻȲҪ嶯ģɱϾԼŮҲˣܵʲôûҲǰ档
ڣҶ˷Ļý⾭˴˵ҲѾͲסǱ˳̻ŭ̻߳£Ҫļһ
ƨѽǷǮǮǷɱôˣǽʲôĻôԵЩȥѽ
ȽֹҶ˷ֱӾ𣬻Ĺ֮һƬΧҶ˷ң¼ңμң׼ҡǻеѪԵĻǻеĻǻеĻʲô壬˫ӴۣΪǵ˱𡭡
Ҷ˷⻰˵ĺѪȻ״̬װģòϣһװĺ治һĺá
ӷ綼ĴָˣȻʱǰˣҶ˷ݼȥһӰ۵ġ
Ҷ˷һͷļҵرһˣȫŭҲȫѾѪÿһˣܸԼôģֱӻ˸Եսħߣħޣף
ʱļȫɢ˿ÿһҶдľۼһγһơ
ȫˡΪ𣬸һɽׯħ
ǣӡ
ҸħˣڽεĴ£һһ޴ħ󣬳ǵϷ
¼ҲģȫվΪǵ˱𡭡¼ħ󡭡
μ׼ӭս塭Գս̻𡭡μħ󡣡
׼Ҳ֦ͬ׼ս׼ħ󡭡


3172 ƪ
ҪһսɾͽֱӶҡ˫Ļѽر˫ǴսĻ֮˫Ӵ۾Ծܲס˿̵ĸҡͽ½һΡ
ЦȻ֪岻ܴʵ˫ӴȨҲ׼˶ֵķ˵ʣڽǲͬ⣬ͬ⣬ĵǸģ֮һ㣬ֻҪǲʲôð죬ʱ򷴣ͻʮֵ鷳Ͼļҵȫ˫Ǳ߲ļҵĸڡ
ôΪ˫Ӵ۵Ĺϵÿһң˽˫Ϊٵģһкܶ˫Ӵ۶֪ģЩһҲûµĵ˵ԼһҵˡļҵļҲɵѽҪͬʱҲҪõȻ˫֮ڡ
һǽ֯ӵģһǣһִ֮ŸֲͬĹϵֻҪһ⣬ĵطҲִССġһ˵ĸӣο˼ϵĹϵء
Ҳ˫оӪ˶꣬˫ӴĿǰɽ˶Ҷһǣȫ˵ǽĴˣ
ĸħѾɽׯ֮˿̵Ĵ壬ѾǸˣʱĻҪ̻ȫѾĴΧͬʱɽׯϵǸħҲһǿĻ棬ֱΪħãħоĴǿһֹʽķӦɡ
ȫѲҷ£ջħ󣬷͵𡣡
ĹܼҼĴƣ֪޷ƺˣĴҪԼƴԼҲֻܸǶˡ
ȫס֡
̻ǺǵģȻ֪Ǳ߼޻ģԼӲĴӲĻֱ˳ӷ
ļҲ̫ˡɽׯȻҶ֡첻ǵɫĻǻ浱ǲèˡ
ܼҿû̻ô࣬ҪĴȫ¡
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̻ŭһڱ˵֮£㻹ƫƫȥǲĲè
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⻰Ҷ˷˵ģȻӷ˵ĴȫȻܶ١Ҷ˷֮ǰĴ嶯֣ҪĴ巴ĿڵĻȻҪĴϽ˳ɽׯ˳ɽֻҪסѵպû屨𲻳ɡ
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3173 ƪ
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תҶ˷һָųӷ纰ϼһӽ㡣ߣϺ󡣡
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Ҷ˷־նɱʮǸλãЦǳǺҶ˷һŭЦ죬


3174 ƪ
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3176 ƪ
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Ҷ˷ģԼԴɱֵİɱ뿪ĴȴһҲ߲ˡ
Ҷ˷磬ʱǼȻѾ·ˣǽ˵ôôɡ֮ǰ飬ļҵĵϵǲɱǾ˵ɡ
ǵˣǳӷɱģֻǸִˡҪҳӷȥҪǣ˫ӴҪĴ壬Ψһܾǵֻгӷ硣
Ҷ˷ҲɵʱɱĴϵ飬ȫӷƣĴȫƨûˣ뱨ǵĳ˾ΨһܾǵˡΪ˼ϵԣΪˣͶӷ磬ѡ񣬷ǳף


3177 ƪ
Ҷ˷ԭתȦҽеȫɢȥĴ˿Ҷ˷ɾģǿɱ֣Ȼһ㻤ҲʹãŻĹ֮ΣɱϾûлĹŻѽɱʱȫɢȥɾҪһǿдಲս
ΧɱԽǿңһһľΧۼɱͳͳ𣬻ΪУʧɽ֮С
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ѽҶ˷磬ӷ硣еһЩ˫Ӵġ
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˵ûҶ˷磬ûҶ˷һɽׯһƵĻԼңԼĴ壬ܻᱻ˫Ӵۣˡ
˫ӴѾɱԼĴ֮ģν飬һȦףԼңԼĴһ·ûˣֻܳΪϵ⣬׸
ڣȻ֪һжҶ˷ڱĹ֮ǰԼļҵĵϵҲǱҶ˷磬߳ӷɱģڣԼĴɽׯ˳ֱӱ
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ʮʮˣǵϵȫ˵ƽô㣬Ƕǻġ
ȻҶ˷ҲɵӣԼٶµĴĴǵ̫࣬ԼһˣԼֱӳϣǵĵϵԼɱȽеɱֳ֮ĴԸԼԼҪùԣҶ˷ʱҲֻܽɱĴϵȫƵ˳ӷͷϡҲˣ飬ǳӷ⣬һɱ磬Ҳǳӷµ֡
ôҲĴԼʲôֻ֮᲻Լ֣ΪҪģǽǸɱָ
Ҷ˷罫ȫȫɢȥΪ˸ĸоɱֵϢһû˿ʣȥоΧϢʵؼʱ̣ʵġϾĴˣڶʮֵĽţ˵һ룬ǾͻûǸɱͬʱһΪĴҶ˷ڣȫ֮
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סҲҪСһ㡣Ǳ߻غ֮һὫߵȫƵġ
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Ҷ˷ʵûʱϻ˵ֱ꣬Ӿʹͷˡ
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ʱߣ·һӷǽһж̫ˣҲעǱ·ˡ
˵ûѾû·ѡˡϽһ㣬߰ɡ
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ĴȫҶ˷ȥˣĴҪģֻ˫ڲ׼ǱʱȲҪȳӷһж׼ãһ֡
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3179 ƪ
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죬Ȼ̻ɳĸ㾳ǿߣǳˣͱȥˡնɱ˫Ӵ۵ƣսʱ˫Ӵ۾ͻĹڳӷ˵ܲǺء
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뷨ܺãһбµĻ;ܰҵȥɡû£죬͹ˡ

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ӷ磬ȻǺֶѽȻĴ壬һãĴ֪ˣȴһ㷴ضûС
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3181 ƪ
˫Ӵıǰ߶ţڵѾǰˣȨƷ棬ǵ˷棬ȫµսԣ˫Ӵۻǰǰ㣬̵ֻĻȨƾ޷õõıϡ
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ۣ˼˵ӷʵѾ۷壿̻ʵ
һ֮ɱ󽫡Ұ˵ûǧģǾ˵ӷڵʵѾ۷徳ˡû뵽ϴȻ˶һԭƽ𾳽ļֱӳʹڡ
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ǰĳӷûȥʵΪ̫æʵʱ䶼ûСɾʼһΣӷȫͲҪԼѾΪ۷ľ磬ڳӷ籾˵ȷһıˡ
Ц˵ʵڣӷ籾ʵѾʲôˡֻǸһͨˣֻҪЩƣôȥЩƣҲԸ۶Կ
Ц˵ûʱ򣬲ǳӷ绹˫Ӵ̵ۣģܽԼʵˡ˫ӴӵľôأͷԸֶη治ܳӷĻǵҲǰܵһ
Ц˵Ļ˫Ӵ۸̻ʮֵͬ໥һۣȻֿЦ죬̻˵ۣ¿ڻǴ۸ӷ濪սʱ򡣻ЦȸɣҲڰй۲һ³ӷĲ֡
š̻˵ûЦ죬ô
ۣ¸ӷ֮ѾʼˣͣĻ֮ǰһоͰ׷ˡ
Ŷ֮ǰôĴţ
ۣʵЩͶӷˣѾȫǵݣʱԽ𡣡
һЦ⻰̻廰Ц࣬ȻѾ֪ЩͶӷ֮ˣΪʲô̽ȫΪĵģǳӷڷ䣬ɹˣǵʧɲСѽ
Ц˵֮ǰҲ붯ֵģһ룬ҽЩͶӷȫԳӷ˵һھһȥģǸʱҿ治ұ֤ܲٽӷڵ˸ҳˡȻӷҶҪⳡ䣬ΪʲôҪȥƻء
̻һûӦʵЦ࣬⻰ʲô˼ѵ㻹ӷ緢ⳡ䲻ɣ
˫ӴȴͻһЦãɵĲЦ죬۵û㣬ĻǸȻӷ֮¡ȻӷġԵסѾ㷢ˣǾûҪӷųԵסĻᡣһġԵסܱȰҪõĶࡣͶˣһ֪ô
۷ģֻҪҲЩˣǾͲ֪ѾҷˡȵĴǱ֮ЩˣҲͶӷϵģʱǾͣŴ򹷡֣˶Ц̻ȻҲѾЦ˼
ۡ
һ˽˫Ӵ۵֮ʱȴ˫ӴޱȺõ顣
˫սڼ㲻ڻұսܵʲô
˫Ӵ۵ֵܣ˫ҲǶЫӵĸס
ۣһº֡
Ŷʲô£
ǻ˱ڤֵǣڤ˸ǵ˴һͳˡ
ڤ壿ǾȻʱ¶档һǳӷʲôжˡ
˫˵ۣȻҲ֪ڤȻѾЩҲûҵǣ˵򲻵ѵ֮£ǲ¶ѽڤϵ¶棬ȴֻǸǴ˸棬Ƕ֣л᲻ʲôıѽ
ı
˫Ӵ˵ӷӿͲûյ̣Ҳûյ顣Ȼڤ¶ˣǶȻ˫۶ǣһٴ¶棬ȫɱ
ǣ硣

Цʵˣһ£ҵĳԱĿˣǱڤ𣿡
˫˫Ӵ۵ֵܣƺϣЦȻҷ
ûĺڤغ¶ˡ
˫ӴʵЦ죬ʲô𣿡
ǵġۣ⼸ǿɳ˺ö˲ұڤɵڣɳȥڤӰûΪʲôڻҵĳԱأ
Ц죬⻰ʲô˼ѵ˵ƭ۲ɡ˫е
˱ᣬҲǸ˼ҵ˼˵ڤ壬ӦõֻΪûҵ˷ǣˣǾͶš
˫ʵ˼˵ڤ壬ǹֻǻҵ˷ǣ
ûҾ˼
ΪʲôҪأ
Ҳˣ㽻һ»ҵĳԱٷֱڤغǵĻȲҪǣǵʲô
˫˵ͷ˵ǺãͷԸȥ


3182 ƪ
ӷȻѾʽ˫ӴսɵĿǰλã˫Ӵۻûгױ˫ӳɸǰһӦ˵ǰӵ֡Ͼ˫ӴѾʼټǧˣܶҲѾ˹ȫۼ˫ӳڡ
ϰٵ壬ʹ˫ӳҲסˣǧ֮Уκ嶼Уνǰۼѽ
Ȼ˫Ӵۻûۼ˫ӳǵİǿҲҲȹ۲һ£˫Ӵ۸ʨӴ֮䣬˭ʤȽϸߣߵһҲΪ󡣵ȻĻȻֱ˵Ӳܱ򣬲˫ǴսʼֻҪһ뷨ˣ·һ
ڤ壬Ѿû֮ǰˣʱʱмڸֵϵתҲ̫ĿŵֻҪû˫ӻҵĳԱҲֱġ
죬ڤغԳˣã˫ӳһۣȴ˿ڵĴתš
磬ӣ˫Ӵ۶ԴǧĵѾʼˡ⼸Ѿмʮۼ˫ӳˡ
ڤһۿȥʲôţͷﶼУˮ˵ģеģȫУЩһʽһڵ˫ӳڣܶԵģģסĵطǰһˡҲ˫Ӵ´ɷҪĶеͣеȻڴϷġ
սʼɲһ壬ҪѽȥʨӴۻ˫ӴۣǴȥҲʲô¡
ʵںܶ˵ʨҲã˫Ҳաܴǧ˭ͳΣֻҪûҰĵģ˭ͳ»ܶ壬ڣԸ⿴һս٣սһǾʹκˣκ壬޷ȥˣ˵һ룬Σա
˫Ӵ۵׼ͦģ֮ǵ׼ͷǳˡ
ڤ̾˿˵֪ӷܵʲôطȥˡΪʨӴۣڹؼĵطȴһǿսҪԿġ
ģҪ顣ӷ˫ӳǣǲ𡣾ЩҪ˫ӳɣҲܸĿŵѽҲؼʱؼ飬Ϊһðմǳ𡣡
磬ӷҪ𣿰˫Ӵ۵עȫе˫Ӵۻм𣿡
ڤغ˵ӷοɲҪ˫ӴۣҪ˫Ӵ֪ԣȴֻܽעеġϾ̣Ǳߵ⣬ʲôȥ˫Ӵ۴ѽ
Ǹϴ㵽ҪܵĻҲֻǵˡ
㲻õģʼĻ屬ƣеطҲ緽档ϵֵ磬Ե˵ڵʵŴȵѾԸǻԪ߿ˡֻǻԪȵȷ̫˵㣬ҲΪʲôӷӲҪ˫Ҫԭ򡣲һ䣬˫Ӵ۵Ļ濪սҲһʤ㶼ûеġ
ڤ˵磬˼˵˫ⳡ䲻ǳӷͲ˫Ӵۿս˫ӴҪսӷҲӦս
û
ǿ͸ǼһȻһսǴǲʲôʱΪʲôҪֱսأ
ڤغЦǾǳӷĴ֮Ǹʱ˫ӴʽսǶ˫Ӵ˵ͽɲСѹΪ˫ӴȫͲ֪ʨʲôƸӷ磬ӷǽŵʨЩƣ˫Ӵ۽ԽǽţԽ򣬹˫Ӵһ£ɱˣЩˣҲܰ˫ӳǵġ
ڤ˵Ҷˡ˫Ӵ룬ӷû㹻ĵƣԲսȻսˣǾ˵ӷ㹻˫Ӵۿһ˫Ӵ۷ǲҶˡ
ûʵӷһ壬һ̡һ̴Ӯˣ˫ҲͷˣҲͼˡ˫֮սҲͿʼˡ
ڤغ˵ֹ꣬ͣŲڤҲֹͣ
磬˫ӻҵˡ
ǰ棬£ؿ˫ӱ־ˡ
תôãǱˡ
ѽ磬ǺǷǣΪʲôʲôأ֮ǰǵ˱֣˱ֿǲһġ
ѵϳ˴磬ڵԮ𣿡
ڤغ˵ܡǼֻ˫ӻеСǲ˳סǵı֣ҲڵԮѽǵֻǿǶѡ
磬ڸô죿
вҲȰɣ̵ʲôʱֻҪһ̶֣Ǽȫɱ
ǡ
ǰ˫ӻҵĳԱͿȥ󣬵ÿһȴվȺ֮У˭Ҳûж
֣
ȵȰɣ˶Ƕֵġ
Ƿ˱ڤغȴ֣ǲеϧˣ
Ҳ֪ǰǱڤغ涯аɱ
ûСǼһǳǿ
ⲻͽ𡣷Ҳ򲻹ΪʲôҪðء˰ɣˣҲҪȥˣ͵ûǡ
ڤ˵磬Ҫˡ
ڤغһǰһ̤˵ɱ
ֻڤǸڤĵһ˹ȥ˫ӻҵСɡ
ãҪǡ
ŸʲôбڤغڣӲƴǾ͵ġܡ
˫ӻҵĳԱһתͼڤغѾǵ·סˡ
λǵù°ɡ


3183 ƪ
ڤغֱӳ嵽˫ӻҳԱǰǵȥ·סˡڤ˾ʹӺ˹ÿһ˶⣬ʹֵϣʱ֮
ڤڴɱ˫ӻҳԱͳͳ
ڤĴһȻҪɱ˫ӻҵĳԱҪ˫Ӵ۽еľȫͶ˫ӳ֮ڣǾ͸ɴһ㣬ֱӺ˶֪
ֵʵкܶ˫Ӵ۵Ӹ磬λ壬˵Ҳǧˡʱȴһվģÿһ˶ۿűڤغã־ͻɱ˫ӻҵĳԱƹ˱ڤغβȥɱڤغȴֹס˱ڤˣ˵չʵ˶ǵǿơ
ڤ໥һۣȻ˵ͷȻ֪ڤغҪԼ֣ܵ˫ӻҳԱɱԴֵϣ˵棬չһԼڤʵ
ħ
ڤغһӣ㳾ǰ֣ʱ֮䣬ֵγһС͵Ŀռ䣬ƬС͵ĿռһƬС͵棬Ƭ֮ڣĳڱڤغǰʼƳ
ɱ

еĳγһ⣬ֱӳܵһ˫ӻҳԱ˹ȥ
ֵϵˣȫһóһ·ʹıڤغĹ׵Ļһ˫ӻҵĳԱ

Ǳе˫ӻҳԱҽһȻ˿ʼʧ˸ħޣһʧ硣
ڤغû֣һ˫ӻҵĳԱһɱԼƤӵܡ
ܵ˫ӻҳԱڱܵʱ򻹱ߺڤغɱ˫ӻҳԱҵţǵ㱱ڤ塭
ڤغмһЦǵСɫڤغߣҪ֪ͨ˫ӻңֻҪ˫ӻǱߵõϢ͵˫Ӵ֪¡
ڤ嵱ɱ˫ӻҵĳԱǾ͵˫Ӵ۵ϳһصĶ⣬˫Ӵ۲ܻסġ
ȻɱôˣԶԶ˫ӴҲΪ˵ĹϵͽеľȫͶ˫ӳڣȥҲ˵һ𣬱ڤ壬в֪ںδľظ磬Ҫ˫ӳչ޵ɱ¾ɱ˫ӴۿվΪֹ
ȥŰɡ棬֪ͨȫ˵ؼϡ壬˵ѾʼжˣǱҲҪ˷ʱ䡣
ã֪ͨ
ڤǿֵˣλ벻õġʨӴ۳ӷ£ڤ塣죬ֻɱ˫ӻҵĳԱûκιϵ뿴ϷĻǱڤǳԸһϷҿΪеĻǽ죬ϣǾͷſֽţսһɡ
ڤǵⷬʵǱڤغ֮ǰѾģ˵ⷬʱҪҪҲǿƣҪžԵģƣͽϵȫѹǲ
Ȼڤ˵ֵⷬϣûһ˸ҳģ˵˫Ӵû֮£ֵϵĸŵĳ֣Ӳͷ
ղűڤغʵЩ˶ģ֮䣬ͿԻɱһ˫ӻҵĳԱȻֻǸ˫ӻеСɫɾСĽɫҲ˫Ӵ۱ҵĳԱѽ˵ɱͻɱˣⲻҪ㹻ʵһҪ㹻˫Ӵۣ˫ӻҿġ
ڤ壿ʨӴ¡ӣʨӴ۳ӷ磬Ѿչжˡ
ûӷ绹治һǿƣֵһ壬͸ֱӸ˫ӻҽа壬ӣǲ̫˫Ӵۣⱱڤı˵ʨӴۣҲͳδǧĻᡣھվö飬µʱǲ
Ǿ͵ȰɣĿǰλã˫ӴҲûʲôֻҪ˫Ӵ۲ǾͶʲô֪ʲôû
˵ڣǾ͵ſϷɡҪⱱڤ壬ܻɱ˫ӻҶˡ
ֵϵȺţͬʱڤҲѾ߿ٵĸϹһ棬˫ӻҵҲڳ߸ˡ
磬ڤغҲ̫ˣȻҵɱǻҵĳԱһܷŹǡ
֮ǰЦ˵è塣ڤ֮ǰ֣ʱȴܳ컹ɱǵˣһʲôıҴ᲻Ҫҵ뿴ڤغʲô
ˡ
ôˡ
磬Ҳˡ
ʲôҲˣǲҲǻҵˣ
ǵġɱǻˣǱߵĽֵϸǽ˵ǻҵ˹ȥҪǾһս
ڤһõģͬʱǻҵĳԱ֣æ
磬֪ͨһ´۰ɡ
šһȥ֪ͨۡȥԸȥԸڤغǡ
á磬Сһ㣬ǧҪǵ塣˫ǴսûгױǱҪȱ
İɣڤغǿɱҲɱҡ
ڤվڽֵмλãһűڤѾȫˡ
ŽβǱֵ߳һӰڤغ˵׼˫ӻҵѾˡ
磬Ӧ˫ɣ
û˫˫ӻеĵһǿߣǲҪȥ˫ֻܶԸ˾ͺˡԻһ˫
䣬ڤغһһǿֹϵħΧһʼӿгһٻɫĹâЩٻɫĹâ˱ڤغϵĲͬλâɢȥֻһٻɫף˱ڤغϡ


3184 ƪ
˫һԻҵϵʱѾֵϵȫѾ˿Լǰľʬ壬ԶԼҵĳԱһһĳԱ
ԼҵĳԱ˵ɱϺܶɫﶼ˫ӴйģЩˣȴûһԼ˫ӻҵĳԱڤɱ˫еʮֵķŭ
˫ŭ۾Χһɨܿͻָ˹˫˶ıڤغ
ڤغǵĵӻһĴѽûǾ͸˫ӳڶ˫ӻҵĳԱɱ֣
Ӧþ˫ɣ
ûǡ
ԭΪֻ˫ӻҵͨԱģû뵽ȴ˫ӻҵ϶ˡҲֻҪɱ㣬Ƕ˫Ӵ˵˫˵һ޴Ĵ
ڤغΪƾʼıͿڴ޼ɵĽѵΪǾûжԿ𣿡
ŶȻжԿҳħǾ;ʹɡһʶһ£˫ӻе϶ᳯӲȨƣһ׷ڣֵһôˮƽ
˫ڿɲٶϻܽڤ˵Ļô˵棬Լ˫ӻҾͲûȥˣѽ
˫֪ڤغĿģҪ˫ӻҶ˵ģǶˣһŵûطɷš
˫ٷϻ٣Ҫ١ڤ
ǣ
˫ңģǵˡһɱ
ǡ
Ϊǿʱڤغɲ˫ȶֵĻᣬֱӾһ¡
ڤڤħڣȫ𣬳˫ӻҵ˹ȥ
ħʱֵϱ˳
˫ڤغٷϻ˵־Ͷ֣ȻҲǳصģҽڤˡ
ǡ
˫ӻҵĳԱĿɲȱڤҪ٣ҲȱڤҪࡣΪǱҲѾչж˫ӻҷҪȥһñڤˡѵõһλѽˣֻ֪㵽ʲôطȥʲôʱŻ¶档
ܱڤǵʲôı֮˫ԣֻҪȫɱ⣬ǾٴıҲֻһƨ˵ʧˡ
ڤ漸ö˫ӻеļǿߣڤغ˫ʱûжɲˣ˵Ϊǿȡʤģ˶ڵȣȴһֵĻᣬ֮䣬һ֮ڣеԷɱ
ȴʱ䣬ԶģȻڤ˫ӻ߸ոն֣ڱڤغ˫˵ȴ·°㣬ԣȴ˭Ҳȳ֣
ڤ˫ӻҵûȥܱڤغ˫Ҳ֪ԼĶ˭ܲСɫȥսڤغȥս˫ɣǲ
ڤغ˫˫ۣĶŶԷΪǿȴǵвҲȶһ
Уľظ粻֪ʲôʱ˿űڤغ˫˶ͬʱ̾˿
ӣһ¡˵
šʱ򣬲һж˳֣ǶĴڱڤغ˵ֵϣЩ˭ͷһȣܳ˫˵Ļڤغ͵ùˡͬģڳֵĻ˫Ҳû
ʱܲôˡӷҪ˫ӳ˫Ӵ۷ĵ飬˫Ӵ۽һеľǱתƵ˫ӳֻܰȫڰǻԪ缯ᡣ
˵ǱѾ֮һȥˡϣҲûùӳԡ
ҪӷôˣѾ֪ǱߵĶҶ˷Ҳˣһ
Ҷ˷һĵģڣǱӦó̫⡣ʵĵĻǳӷǱߡϾ˫ӴѾ֪˳ӷҪʲôӷȴҪ˫Ӵ۵Ƥӵ棬ѽһСģͻԷٵġ
Ҳһˣʱ˫̵ҲʵͷˣʶҲǳҪ
ѽʶӷ绹СŰɣȲҪȳӷǱߵϢֱϳӷǱߵжǲص㡣
ľظû϶ڤҲûȥܣΪǻиҪҪ
ڤغٻɫףѾת䣬˫һѰѵͬʱ˫ϣҲһףһչֳħȻ֡
ħʿħʦĽϣڤغ˫ͬʱħʿħʦʵ
顭
ʱ򣬱ڤغ˫˫һ˫ϱһӴʹ˫ͬһʱȥ
˫˵ͬʱҲǱڤغ˫Ļᣬǳֵʱ䡣
ж
ڤغһ̤ѾˣԼҪһˡ
䶨
ڤغһȫ˾޴ٻɫâֵȫ
˫ҲʾһְҵҲʱ򱬷˳
˫ӷ塭ڤغ˵۸㣬ʱ򣬾ԶһҲġ
ʲô
˫ȻˡһȻ˫Ӵһ˫壡


3185 ƪ
ڤغۿҪˣһУһеһ֮䣬ɱ˫ˡ
ɱڤغû뵽ǣԼտ˫ʱһȻˣһ˱ˣһǻ壬Ҳʵʵʵ壬ʵ廹˫˱һ˫ԣɷֻȴһŮԣ

ڤغһûϵѽ˵˫Ӵ˫壬û뵽˫ȻҲ˫塣
һһŮһһŮȴֱӷֿģ˫˫Ӵ۲ͬ˫壬壬Ҳ屳ģһԣһŮԣõ˵ʾͽӤѽ

Ц˸Ů˵Цͬʱ𣬲嶼ͬףҲӵͬ˫ֱӷһ
ڤغҪɱ˫ҪעһһġһûɹĻǱڤغûеڶεĻˣǸ˫ᡣ
ڵ˫Ϊ˫Ĺϵʵһ±ڤغڳԾͬʱҲѾʧȥ˻ɱ˫ѻᡣٽйǾ㱱ڤغʼıҲԳܵס˫˫ǿơ
ڤغΪƾʼıͿŰ𣿽죬Ҿʶһ£˫Ӽʵ
˫ûֱӶԱڤغ֣Ϊֵײ˫Ѿ˺ˡ
ʱ˫Ҳֹס˫ӻҵٴνһֻ־˵ˣ
˫лҳԱȫ϶һʮֹЦݣЦñڤغе
ã
ڤغ·뵽ʲôƵģ̶ıڤ˵˳˫ӳǡ
ʲô磬ھˣ
û
ǵûѽӷ˵Ƕûа쵽
ڵģӷѾȫͬˡѵû˫ı仯ӵŸ˫Ӵۼһ˫֮壬һ
ôɱ˫Ҳɱѽ
СãƽĴȥˣ
ڤغһ˵ڤɫҲǶʱޱ䣬Ҳ뵽ʲôƵģʵ磬Ǹòǡ
ûҲ˵ġ˫ӻҵˣԶԶҪǿĶࡣ֮ǰǼӦûӦ˵ûеõԲġ˫˫Ӵ۵ֵܣź˫ӻҵȨ
ģ˫ӻң׻ǲѽ
ûʱôˡ˳˫ӳǣȫȫˡ
ãˡ֪ͨҲˡ
ѾˣϲĻǱӦ˸һûļ˵ĻǾͽᱻ˫ӳڡ
ڤɫԽԽѿڤˣеͿ֪ڤغ˵Щʲô
ʱ򣬱ڤÿһˣֵϵˣԲͬ磬ͬǾţĵһĻ
ֻ˫ӻҵÿһԱ϶һҺ壬һֺɫҺ壬ҺǴǵëϸġںɫҺ֮˫ӻҵÿһԱŮϵ·£ȫɫҺ帯ʴˣ漴ֻÿһ˵ı󣬶һѺۣѺ֮ڣͬ˶ĵĺɫҺ壬ЩҺһĳ̶֮ʼ̣̳˰ɫĵǡ
ꡭ
ЩɺɫҺ̳ɵĺɫǣһ˿ţͼһͷӺɫͷ֮壬ÿһ˫ӻҵĳԱ˸˫һĴڣ˫壬еıŮģŮıеġ

һЦֵһĻܲ˾ֶġ
ڤ˫ӻҵı仯˵ʵ֮УȻ־ģϾ飬ˣ˵һǰδҲΪǣû
ʲôѽ
öġ
ģǵǲѽ

ڤغ˵Ӧþ˫ӼĿÿһ˵Ѿһҿ϶ǳ֮⣬᲻ʲôڲܸӲƴˣ˳˫ӳǡ
ڤ˶˵ĵϸˣŴĻԿһԼһ
бڤӱڤغ֮ȫתſڷȥκһ˶Ƭ̵ֻͣתͷһۣͲ֪ʲôץסˣȻϣһҽ֮Ѿʧˡ
Ҫͷٶȳ˫ӳǡ
ǡ
ڱڤſʱպĴ֮£Ҳ˹
ڤʧˡ
֪ҲӦͬ顣
ѵǱҲǣ
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ڱڤĺ棬˫ӻҵѾ׷˹ֻһñڤ˶ǻ
ڤغ

ܡ


3186 ƪ
Ϊɽĳӷվ˫һ֮ҲǳӷϴθЩ齵󳼼ĵطһǷնĵطᱻ˷֣ģҲܵط
ʧˣ
ӷ翴գ̾˿ڤҵӷѾ֪ˣΪľظվڳӷ֪˳ӷɽ飬ֱӾ˹
òϣľظ绹ˢӣڵ˫ӻʹҲ˵ͽġ
û뵽ѽ˫ӻҵĳԱȫӵ˫壬һȫӤ˫塣
ľҲ̾˿ˣʲôǶ̾أһʲôС¡
ȷˡ˫ӻҵˣ˫壿ӷٴʵ
˵ûǸʱѾ뿪ˡϾҪ¶Ҳȫ¶ȥμӣΪʲôġ˫ӻҵǰȫ¶ǵʱкܶͲչˡ
šĹȷģҲ֮ǰԵġǴˣԵ飬ܰҿǵ֤ûǡ
ӷ磬ڿɲ˵Щʱ㵹˵˵˫ӻҵĳԱΪʲôܸ˫Ӵһ˫壿ֻǵ˫˫Ӵ۵ͬȫͲࡣ˫ӳǶѾ£Щԭǻڴ壬ҲΪ飬ȫһľĲٿϷˡ
ûλ壬ԭſϷڱڤغǸ˫ӻҶʱЩһﶼûκεĶʱҿ˫ıʮѿӦΪЩûгֵԭɡ˫ǵ˫֮ЩһˣҲȫȥ׷ɱڤغȥˡ
ӷڷնвͣ߶ţò˵⻹ǳӷû뵽飬飬óӷʮͷʹ
˫ӻңȫ˫֮壬˫ֺʵܷһʱʵܷһǿɲģǶ˫Ӵ۵˵˫ʵ˵žĺô
ľ˵Ҫһ¡˫ӻңҲ˫Ӽ壬ǲࡣǵĻΪʲôᶼ˫壿˫һŴ򲻿ÿһ˫ӻҵĳԱеġ⣬˫Ӽķ֧ĳԱû˫أ˶Уǵ鷳ɱҪĶࡣ
ӷһ£˵ضǾŸϼһаǻǵİɣ
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˵ӦģҲΨһĽ͡

ӷ·뵽飬ͻȻһЦãǳá
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󲻵飬ӷȻ˵áӳ˰ɡ
ӷ磬ʲôǲ뵽˶Ը˫ķ
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ûҪȥ˫ӻЩ˫ǱȫǽЩûõȫǵǰչֳ
ʲô˼ڶǵ˫һ㶼˽⡣ǵʵŴȵȫ˽˵¾ͳ֣Ҳ̫ð˰ɡ
ûǿɲûյ飬бҪȥ𣿡
ȻбҪһǴıҪ룬˫壬ΪаĹϵµģ˫ӻҵˣڣ嶼ĻԴͷаҲ˵а˫ӻʡȻаܴ˫ӻʣʣа϶ҲеģһӦþа
ľظ໥һۣͬʱ˵ͨ˫ӻҵļһǵ˫ϣҳаڣ
û˼аûоۼۼ֮ǰǾҳĻǵʱҪԸ׶ˡ˫һɵ£˫̫籩¶ˡҹƲĻڵ˫ɲܣ˫ӴһΪı¶ġ
ľ˵ȻΣǾðһΰɡ磬ֱȥ˫ӳá
š˫ӳ÷ĵطǸط˫Ӵۻ˫ӻҵĳԱȥ磬Ȼ᲻һɱǵġֻҪǲһУǵ˫һʲô¶ı¶˫ӴۣȴΡ


3187 ƪ
˫ӳ֮ڣ˫˫ӻҵһȺԱȫ֮УЦһ仰˵ǳСں£Ϊû˫Ӵ˵ķŭŵһѺۣǱ˫Ӵһŭ֮ѵġ
˫ӻҵгԱǹŵͷȥ˫Ӵһۣÿһ˵ɫ࣬ͬһԭµĴҲһԭµĴ
˫֪һô޴飿
˫ӴŭݺݵĿ˫ȫ˳ɫĹâΧʱһ֣ǰЩˣ·һ
ûг۵˫Ӵ۾ΪǿĴڣаɽֻҪۼ˾֮Ҫνǧˡ
ʵ˫ӴڵǿƣԳۣʼʱȫͬˡʱ˫Ӵڳ۸ʼǰһµСƨ鷳ֻһζܡ˿̵˫Ӵۣһǿߣûгۣûʼ棬еһС
ۣҡ
졣Ȼûõ۵֮£¶˫ӼʵǰҪ
ۣ֪ˡɵʱ̫η塣ҲĻˣ·һ
ȫˣҲ˫Ӽʵ˱ڤغǵǰǾ͵Ǳ¶˳ӷǰڳӷ粻֪˫ӼѪͳʵҲѾ뵽һ档
˫Ӵ۵˫Ŀ˫˵ʵڲ֮˫Ӽ壬˫ӻҵʲôˣ˫Ӵ۶˿ԥͽǰЩͳͳĨɱġ
ɱϾ˫Ǵսڼ˫ӴҲԶֱۣ˫Ӵ۵Ǳ֮⣬˫Ӽ壬˫ӻңˡ˵Ĺؼʱ̣𵽴õĻӵ˫ѪͳˣһǸ˫ӴΪ׽ˡΪֻ˫Ӽϵӵа˫
Цպǲã˫Ӵһ벻潫˫ɱˣǶ˫ʧɾͲһĴˡ
ۣ˫˵ʱҲȲѡ鷢Ĳ̫ãӷҲδؾѾ֪£֪ˣδ뵽ġ
ЦĻ˫Ӵֽҵӷ绹֪Ļͺðˣ˽ϳֹȫɱˣϢ¶ԼҲԳڤ˾ǣӷ֪أʱͿʼභˣ˫Ӵ᲻˽ӷ磬ǳӷһ棬˫Ӵ۲˵ȫ˽⣬Ϊ˽⻹еġ˫ӴԱ֤һӷ֪£Ǿһ뵽аǱȥġԼ˫Ӽʵаģⷽϣ뵽а棬ضҳаڡ
˫Ӵ۵ĵʱͻȻ֮⣬һǿϮЦ˱ǿˣѪӰʱ֣Цסˡ
˫ӴۣĻǸʱһѽΪɱ⣬ͿԷϢ𣿲¸㣬ӷѾ֪£ҲѾ֪˫ӼʵԴаġ
ʲôʲôѽ˫Ӵû뵽ӷˣˣȻֱԼĳá
ЩһǸʲôԵģӷ˶Ѿ˳֮⣬ǾȻһҲûз֡

ֻ⣬ӳ˽漴ľظ磬վ˳֮ڣ˫ӻҵĳԱȫ˳ʹľظ磬ֱӾͳ˫ӳõλá
ľأ硣ǺôĵӣȻֱ۵ĳá
ľظǰʱ򶼸ħйӴ統ʱħǱߵˣľħ˫Ӵס
ڣľѾȫȶǲ˫ӴΪ裬ΪǶ֪˫Ӵ˳ӷ磬Ҳ·һ˫ӴǾԲŹǱߵκһ˵ģǰˡ
ôǧͳߵĵ̣Ҳˡ˵˵߾ߡ
˫Ӵۣû˿η壬µĻҲܹˡ
ľظǼ縺һҪģҲ˵һʹǱҪ˫ӼʵԴаڡ
ľظɹˣͽǳӷ絽ʱԸаһ湦
磬ٸ˵ϻѾˣǾͶְɡ
ľûκεķϻʥѾ˳ʼۼҲѾ֮Ϸ
˫Ӵһ̤ţŭ߳ĸ򣬱ɱ
˫ľظǰһվڿûѽᣬ
·ǲߣȴȻˣǾͰ°ɡ
˫֮ǰڤ£ѵǲɣ
ٷϻʲô£óɡ
仰ӦǶ˵ԡ˫֮壬ҵ뿴ڤغû˫֮壬ʲô֮
˫Ҳܲôˣֱӽ˫廽˳
Цһ˫ˣҪмơ
ˡ˫Ѿ˳뽫ľظȫɱ֮⳯ڣ˫Ӵǰ
˫Ӵ˵ȥɡѵ㻹ΪСˣ뿪𣿡
ѽֱӴ뵽˫ӴƤӵ£ܻ뿪Ļ˫ӴҲͲûȥˣ˫ǴսҲôˣֱͶλˣ


3188 ƪ
ĺϷΪǵĳӷȻˡºľظԼۿң˫Ӵ۳ˣľظûļ˵ĻǳӷҲֻԱݣӳ˫ӻʹˡ䣬ӷѾ˾ԵĻԼ˲˫ӻʹ֮ڣֻҪĴ巽һ£Ͻ˫Ӵ۾Ҫͷʹˡ
ֻӷû뵽ǣЦѾס˽ˣͶӷˣ˫͸ռһƣⳡ䵽ֽܷܲݵһôĵزǾͿ˫ٳӸˣ
ɽ󣬳ӷֱӾͽ˫ӳãһֱӾ˫Ӵ۵ǰҪκεΣֻ̫࣬˫Ӵ۸ЦĻɡ
ľظӷˣҲȻǱȽϷĵģ֪ʱ򣬳ӷ粻ֱͱӵ飬ǶԳӷԼһʧ˵֮£ľض˿Էһս
˫˫Ѿеԭһʹ˫ӻʹ֮ڡ
ӷʱ򲻻˵κһ仰ֻǿţ˫ӴʱҲһ仰˵Ȼ˫Ӵ۶˵ЦҲȥ˫ʲôˡ
˫ӻҵԱûжȫɢмľض˸˫
˫Ӵ۵һֻֻڲҪ˵ʲôһֻ־𣬾ܴ˼ˡ
˫Ӵ۵ֻ֮˫ҲѾֻĽûֻ֣Ȼֳһ߰㣬ľض˳˹ȥ
ľظ߷ֿ˫ֻ֣߰˶˿Ĵ⣬ȫڱ֮ľظΪߣʼչ
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罫Ϊһ壬ֻϣһ׹ϵĻƽף׻ƽײȵҲ̵ֻƽʿסϾ̵ĻƽʿҪǿ࣬ȵĻҪࡣԣɺĹγɵһףһȫµף˫ʱչֳҲʮ־޴ġ
ͬľϣҲһףǰ׺ɫףҲҪǿ࣬һһҵͬʱչֳȻҲ˰뱶֮ࡣ
뱶ȻȲ˫Ƿһ˼һչֳʵҲʹ˫ӴۺǳԾ
㾳硣
˫Ӵû뵽飬ľظļ𣬾ȻҲѾ㾳磬Ȼֻͭľ磬Ȳ˫ƽľ磬ô̵ʱڣ͵㣬ӣʼյҲСѽ
ӷ翴ľظ磬˵ʵӷĻģֻҪ˫Ӵ۲֣һж˵ľضɱ˫Ҳǿȫ˵ġ˵ˣҲɱ˵ѽֻ̽һ˫ӻ˫ġ
˫ϣ˫ȫ̽պԸаӷ˰գҲ˵аû֮ǰӷѾ㹻ʱռȥӦ
顭
˫ֻ߰ʱֻľأֻ磬˫һľظ綼Եģʹ˫һĲ˫ӻҵЩԱȫˡ
ӷһ̤һȫȫֵ룬˫ȷǿѽԸղԵĲ˵ӣ˫岻֮Ҳġ
ڳӷ֮ͼ˫ȫɢһǿĺڹ⣬ΧĿȫ˫߾ۼҾۼĿȻڲ䡣
һĻóӷԾСΪЩۼ˫ĿȻܱ˺Щͬʱ˫˫գҲ˫Ů˫壬ĿڶǣۼҲĺɫ
ôܣȻԽͨĿܱա
ӷһԾ˵
ӷ仰պ˫Ӵˡ
ɽǲǺܳԾڣҲͲˡ˫һǿԽһеĿȫΪȫյΪ
˫ӴЦһӷҲȻһǷʲôԾƵġ
˫Ӽ˫Ѿ֪һ۾ãˣܹ̫̰ģ֪̫ˣǶԱۺܲƽ𡣡
ã
ӷȫӣԼղŵǾ仰Լ¶ˣ
ӷ磿
ЦҲʱӦ˹ǱΪɽ֮ˡ
ѪӰ󣬴˿ȫվЦǰ˵ҪԳӷˣ˫ӴȴֹʨӴڴˣЩСɫӦ𣿡
˫ӴһŭѪӰȫˡ
֪ߵغڵĳӷ磬ҲܶԸģǶ֣ǾǰװȻڴˣҲûʸֵǶ֡
ڸľض˽ս˫Ҳ˫һת˵ɽ󣬳ӷ磿

ľһЦˣ
˵ûᡣľ壬
ľһһ󵶳У֮䣬˫ֻľصֱ֣Ӿͱ

˫һҽУҲʱ˫иһѵȻʹ˶˫һ䣬ֽ˫ָֻ
˫ֻ֣ȫˣʱ˫ֻȥӷȴһҲ˵û´Ļ˫ĵڶӦ޸ɣ


3189 ƪ

ľظӷ⻰ĺҪӦʱһжѾ̫ˡ
ֻ˫ֻ֣ʱ˳ֻ֮䣬ָ˸ԭʱһģһͬߣٴζԸշӦľض˽
̡
ֻ˫ִֻľصţִֻţ͵վԭأͷŴԼŵֻ߰֡
ѪͣĴľض˵˿ڴ̧ͷǰһɭ˫ͬѵ̫ˣ
⻹ľظû뵽飬˫֮壬ʱǿͬʱһ𣬲νǲ޵еĴѽ޵УȴҲһǿǿ޵Уڵǿһ̶ȵʱ˫ӼˣͿȡΧĿתΪıȵ˸ǿ
ȻǿǿȻҲҪ˵ģľ֣˫ȻӦһܿ˫ıľض˸ǿ󣬿ϳӷ磬ָȵǵȴڣ˫ӦˡϾҪȡȻתģɳӷЩˣԭű˫ǿ౶ȫͿ˫֮廹δ֮ǰͽħ޸
µľظ磬ǰˣܵķǳҡֻȻ̽˫ģֺľظҲ뵽ˡ
˵ģгӷڣ˫ӴԳ֣ˣͲܵųӷ棬ľظɱ

ӷӰһ˫ֻ˻ȥӷվ˫ľض˵мλãͻȻһǿޱȵֻǱκѾ˫ˡ
ʯ
˫Ӵ˫Ŀųӷ磬ɱ˵Ļħ˫Ӵۣӷ綼Ѿ֪ɱ˶ٴˡ
á޸
Ҳвá뵱ҵɱҵˣҲǾԲܵġ
ó˳ӷϷһľظϣ֮䣬ͽľض˵˿ȫ޸ˡ
ʹ
ľشһվ˵˫Ǽ
㲻ɡɡ
ס֡
˫ӴҲվ˳˵˫̫嶯ˡ֮ǰҲ֪֮ǰԱڤغǵʱѾ¶˫Ӽʵղţľظ磬̽˫˫ģ㣬ֱ¶ǰһ㱩¶飬̫ˡ
˫ɫʮѿ֮֮ǰҪѿࡣղľظʱ򣬸ûжģЦĻҲûзϡڱ˫Ӵôһ˵˫ˣԭԼмˡ
ɱǡ
˫ĿҲδ̫˰ɡڣɱ˭ҪɱĻǵǼ̫ѵ顣
˫Ӵ˵ӷ磬ѵڱ۵ǰΪɱ˭𣿡
˫ӴۣȻ˵ǽ죬Ǿһսս
۲ļƵġ֪ʲôģѵۻɵٴν˫¶𡣵Ŀǰλã֮Ĵսûʼ˫׼Ҳû룬ȻˣǽֺαҪսء
˵սͲսǰװױ¶𣡴˫ɽݣ֮ĺܶ飬ҶɵȥȻѾ¶ˣǺܶԭɴ飬Ѿ첻ˡȻˣǾͽһЩǰһ°ɡ
Ŷӷ磬ѵ㻹Ϊ˫𣿡
ǱģҲѾڽˡ˫ӴۣǴģ㿴ô
ôķ
һ֮ڣұض˫һ䣬ܴˣֹ˵ĻǽǾȲսͳͳֱ뿪Ǿʲôùˣ֮׼Ҳ͵λã˫ǴսʽĻ
˼ּǰɣãǱ۽ʹһأ㼤һءˣȫ˿
˫ۣôõĻᣬˣǷŻɽѽ
쵰ѵۻû뿪ĺ𣡱ͿԽȫɱģҪɱˣĴۣ˭ܱ֤˫ܵµľۻûۼӷԱǧǾͬھʱǵ𣬿ӷûȫۼǻԪ磬ɢǻԪĲͬطҲǶˣӮľ磬ǳˡ
˫ٶ˵ʲôӷЦ˫Ӵۣǿ˺ܶ˵ĺܺáǾͬھĽˣаû´ĻӦѾʼۼ˫˰ɡ
˫Ӵɫһ䣬ȫû뵽ԼղŵĻȻóӷ뵽аȥˡ
ûӷ˵һ㶼ûеаѾۼ˫ӻʹҲ˫ӴΪĵģһӷԱаҲ군аûоۼ˫ӻʹĻ˫ӴҲûҪôˣǳӷԱ˫ӴҲܿаģаȫˣһж군ˡ
ӷ磬Ȼױ۵Ļ
ԼҵģҿûĻҲ˵һջɡľأ磬ǿɶˣеаѾۼ˫ӻʹˡ
ľظͲóӷ˵˳ӷ˼Ȼתֱӳ˳á
ֹ
ֹ𣿡
ӷõſһվǧͬʱǿȫۼ˳ãøסˡ
˭Ҳȥǧ򡣡


3190 ƪ
ò˵һջ˫Ӵ۵ĳӷԱҶԳӷ綯ֵĻӷ˿϶аѾȫۼ˫ӻʹأ
֮ǰʼѾ˵˫Ӵаļ壬ֻҪаȫ˫Ӵ۾Ϳ޵аʣֲ˴ǧн䣬Ҳʼ֮ǰΪʲôҪǧҪԭ
ڣ˫ӴԽаļһȻӷԱҲ˵ĵģǧԱавŲҶԳӷ綯ֵġ
ʵ˵ʵ˫Ӵ۵ĵǶģΪĿǰλãʼ涼֪ȥааķʥ֮УӷûҵʥصĻǧ磬ضڣû֪ȥаģ
еˣǴһͿһʱ˫Ӵ̫˰ɣŻᵼ³ӷ²аȫۼ˫ӻʹɡ
ܽаȫĻ񲻾˵֮ĴսҲͲҪ𡣵аǼ׵顣
ӷ֪ҵʥ֮ǰ޷аģɾ޷𣬽ҲһҪаҪ˺лȫۼ˫Ӵȫ˫Ӵ۽Ϊһ塣
ڳôſڣǧ򾡳ֻҪ˫Ӵ۳ȥ˫ӻʹ֮ڣӦþûκεľظ磬ҲԷĵȥаҳ
ӷҲԵģˣ˫Ӵ۵ֵ£һ壬ǿƣ̻Ѿ˫ӻʹˣû⳯ãһ˫ӻʹط
˫Ӵۼӷǧ֪ӷӲĻڵ˵ռ˿ıˣ᲻ϵڳӷǰ¶Լ˫ô͸ɴʲôҪɡ
ӷ磬ΪȥааĻ̫ˡ
˫Ӵ۵⻰óӷȻһ˵ҵǣߣһ̻ˡ
Ȼ֪ǽ죬ľظ磬ע޻صġ
һ̻ѵҾû𡣡
˫Ӵ۵ɫһҲ·ǲ뵽˳ӷ绰е˼ɲôԼߵĵƶûо˵ĵƶûг֣Լĸƨѽ
Ǿʹᷢչʲôɡ
䣬˫Ӵ۵һӣһڹ⾵ǰڹ⾵ڣľظ磬˫ӻʹ
Ѿõľظ磬ڻʹϷԸ߶ȣȥѰаλá
ҵûУ
ûСǶûаʲôӵģҪֱҳе㲻ܡ
ȻаǶȻӵǿаһӦø˫ӻҵ˫һֺɫҺ塣⣬аʵģӦһ壬ʲôڡ
˫۳˫ӻʹͣɨţÿһûзŹ緢˫ӻʹһҲλãһۣʮ΢ĺڹ⡣
㿴ǱߣһССĺڹ⡣
˫Ӵ۵޹
޹ǺڹǴ˫Ӵ۵޹ɢġѵ˵а˫Ӵ۵޹֮𣿡
ⲻѽ֮ǰӷȵʱѾȥ˫Ӵ۵޹ˣȴûзʲôѽ
֮ǰûУûСֱӹǸطʲôӦɡ
ãֱӺ˫Ӵ۵޹ˡаȻģûǻ˫Ӵ۵޹Ҳܡ
ҲϻֱӾͽһʥ޼ĹΪһ壬Ϊһ⣬ֱ·˫Ӵ۵޹
ľض˵Ĺ˫Ӵ۵޹ڰ·֮ϣͱһӰ

Ӱֱӳ˰֮УһӣľظϵĹͱ׾ٵĸƽˣӦ˵ǹֱת˷򣬷ǳľظ繥˹ȥ
̻𣡡

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һǿıըľظ缰ʱ˿֮ıըγһ޴ĺɫĢƣֱ߿ա
·˫ӻʹȫۼȴûһ˷ģΪһ̻𣬾Ӧľظˡ
ĵӣ治һĴ󡣾ȻҴ˫ӻʹΪ˫ӻʹ𡣡
̻Ѿľظͬһλá
ļ̻ǵǣҲ˫ӻʹ֮ˡ
ҵĴڣע·һ
̻ʼ֮ʵӦѾΪ۷ľɡϲĶ֣Ҫ֪ǧ֮У۷徳ģɲһ
ľЦһǰˡ
̻˫һת֪ʱߣ֮һǱߡ
ȣ
̻ȿʶˣȵ᲻֪

ۣľظǰǰ̻ȴľظ˵ˣҵˣʵҲ˲ġ̫ΣգΪʵ뿪
ǰǲܾ뿪ȻѾ֪аۼ˫ӻʹҲܸһ˺ɡ
ǸҪˣȥٴ˺Ҳһ嶼ûˣҪðž޴ΣաڵʵѾˣ˵ڳӷߣ㾳ǿ߸ûǾ̫ϧˡҪ̻𣬸ûǵġ
ǰùǣֻҪǣס̻ͺˡ
̵ļһ
ۣ⡣
ѽۣʲôʱˡʱǿߣⰢǻԪ磬ҲԲߣӲӱġ


3191 ƪ
ۣıĴԴʣǸ߹ĴԴʣǿߵĴԴʣͬʱҲ¸ҵĴԴʡ
ʲôطʲô磬ʲôλԶôǿĵˣǶû˵ǰʱ򣬳Լ໥֮⣬ҲûĶ֡ɾ˶֣ǿޱȵĶ֣ԲǳӷҲãҶ˷ҲգǳӷڵĶľأ磬ܻκε
˫ӳöֱӴȥ˫ӴҲʣʱľظ˿𣿲ᣬԲᡣ
ˣѡ
ѽˣһشаΪӷȡһʱĻľظ粢ԼΪڵǣѾǰˣô飬ǶѾ˺Ϊ壬Ϊ֣ţԼˣȳӷ糹սʤ˫Ӵۣа֮һа취ǵģ
ǰֵ̻磬ٳһһһҪаƳ
ľشһ˫ӻʹ
ãĻᣬȻǲܴġӷ飬ѵǾͲֻӷϵ˴֣ǽ죬ǾΪһְɡ
һЦȫȫѾ˳ȫͲԼľطڶʱ򣬻᲻ǿг֡
ڳڵĳӷ翴˫ӴǺڹ⾵ӣֵĻ棬ӷ粻һ㶼ģʮֵο˵ȻΣգΣգ֤ҵʱûǣûдǡ
˫Ӵ۵ɫǱԽԽѿ˵û뵽ѽĸˣΪ˶ԸۣȻȫһ𡣳ӷ磬òϣĸһһĽɫһоԵʸΪһġڣǲаģ򣬱ҲͲûȥˡ
ȥֹǣ²̫ܰɡ˫ӴۣΪǼʵΪ۷ľ硣
䣬ӷڵʼǣ֮䣬ʹԱߵ˫
Ѫ⣬ڳӷۼѪ⣬ԴųӷڵʵʵûаҲҪκεˡ
ʹڣ
˫˫۷ֱȻ֪ӷʼ֮ʵŴȵǿȴû뵽ӷȻһƽľ磬һӾʹڵľ磬Ϊ۷ľ磬˫ӴۣѾͬһʵˡ
ڳӷ˵ľ磬ټǧĻ˵ʵ˫Ӵûоۼ֮ǰҪӷԾǽ˫ȫչֳͲܻǳӷĶ֡
ǣ˫Ӵȫûиӷ綯ֵĴ㣬ųӷչֳʵȺޱչ֣˫ӴɵǲȥӷӲġ
һֻ΢΢˫Ӵ۾Ȼѧˣһָָ󣬳ӷͻڳ֮⣬һɼΪǿȻ̻֮¡
鷳ˡ
¿ֵӷԾˣΪӷǰǱ˫ӴۡңⱻۣչֳʵһγֵʱҪǿĶ֤ۣ࣬ѾһƷˣ֮ǰֻǸƷѡ
ǳӷĻҪԸǱۻû⣬ڵǣӷ粻˫Ӵ۳ȥ˫ӴҲܻóӷˡ
˫ħ󡣡
˫Ӵŭ߳һֻ˫ӳãһǿħħΪ㣬˵ħһġ
˫Ӽ˫˫ħҲ֮һ
˫Ӵ۲ڳӷǰٴα¶˫һ˫ħֻΪ˲óӷȥˡ
ƿȭ

飡
ӷ粻ô࣬ҪȥԸǱֱۣתݺݵһȭſֵһڹ˹ȥ
顭
ҵƿȭڵ磬磬磬ǶǿޱȵĴڣԽ죬˫ħ󣬾Ȼֻǽһ𶯣޷ħκεƻ
ӷ磬֮ǰ㲻ñ۳ȥǱ۲ȥ͸۹ԹԵĴŰɣ˫ħаǴǧҲƲ˵ġ
ӷ翴ǰħʵκħ󣬶ħγɵģȻħγɵģȻǿȥƽ⡣ûʲôħƽⲻ˵ģ͸󷨣ͬһȻγɣǾͱضƽ֮
ֻӷܸо˫ħ󣬲Ͽȥǰļ򵥣Ҳǰ򵥣ȫһռ͵ħ
һٲռ䡣
ӷ綼еԾû뵽ħ󣬾Ȼһٸռ棬Ҳ˵˫ӳãһٸռΧţӷҪȥǾͱȴһٸռУһǳȥġ
ȻǺⶼ㿴ˡɿôŴһٸռʵôһȭһٸռƣ򣬵һƲųȥľظѾʬˡ
˫Ӵ˵һҲûһԽһٸռȫƣȳӷһƵĻʱϣȻģȫٳȥľظ磬Ѿˡ
ҪԸ̻𣬸޷ȥľض˵ģľظ磬ܵΣ
ৡ
˫Ӵ۵ʱ򣬳ӷͻȻһơ
ӷ磬ǳ˵𣿻㸸׵ƣڲĿƣðɣûйԼƶ֪ˣҲܻ˫ӳߡ㸸ףѾضȥˣӲܹ˵ġ


3192 ƪ
ӷֳһƣ˫Ӵ˵㻹ΪˣѵҾû𡣡
˵գӷеƻڳӷǰγһָ״漴ֱʧ
ָ
˫Ӵۻָˣ˲ָ֪ݣ˫Ӵ᲻ָ֪ڡ״׷ɱΪڵָܲܣһѾ˫ӳǵķΧϹˡӷָƣ״ӷ罫ƻԶʧȴѾ˳õϿգָĲ֮ͬ߱һֱӴԽռ˵һٸռ䣬һռ䣬ҲǿֱӴȥģз
ۻָǼһˡлл֮ǰҲǻԪɣ
ûҵҲ֪ȴӦңֻҪҷƣͻҵġȶԸָ̻Ը㸴ۣ˫Ӵۣ֪㻹ʲôƣڴ˿óģ
˫Ӵ۵Ƶȷܶ࣬Ǳж٣ӷ絽ڻ֪ӷԿ϶ǣ巽ǿߣʱ˵ģ˫ӴʱҲϲѽ
ӣ봥۵ĵˡȻˣĵĻԵ̫Сˡӷ磬죬۾ʶһ£ΪΪĵơ
䣬˫Ӵ۵УҲһƣ˫ƣ͸ӷǿһڳֱ֮ʧ
ӷı䣬û뵽ʱ˫Ӵ۾Ȼĵƣһʱóġ
˿̲ܳӷô뷨ôĴ㣬𲻵ˣ˫Ӵ۵ĵʱָ֣һˣҲ𲻵ȻãӣֱҲȥӣֻǵȴ漣ĳˣľظǲþ
֮ϣͬʱ֣ͬһʱ䣬Ϊ⣬ȥ
顣
̻ͬ㣬ը˿һγһֻ˫ͷЫӣһγһɫĽָ̬в漴ͬķȥ
ľظ֮ǰѾоһǿѹȣ̻ǲµģǿ˷ָ
״ľظ绹ûзڶѹͷʹòȵֵס̻û뵽ٳ˵ڶǿߣֱӶôȥӦѽ
̻ȴûȥѹߵǿ˸ղγɵ˫ͷЫӣѾǵ𣡿ӣҪĵˡеĸ󳬼ǿߣû¾Ҫīǳˣ
еǿߣ̻˼ǲ˵֮ǰɽׯɽֵǼǿߣ˫Ӵ۵ƣ״˫Ӵ۵һеǿߣҪĳˣ
ȵҲΪ֮һתͷ˲ɽǱߵķ˵ӣ˫ӴѾͲסҪʼĵˡ
ȣ˵ֵ֮ĹϵѾһϡɱϾʶһΪһǿߣǾĻ֮һȰûͶ۰ɣ򣬵ȴ۵һҲл·Ͼĵƣ񲻵Ķࡣ
һʶһ£˫Ӵĵƣ׶ൽһôĳ̶ȡ
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аʼǰѾָҵˣҲûҪܿϾǵˣаʸûʲôµġ
ڼָ½Ǳ߹֮󣬳аʵǰʲôӣ
ʲôʲôӣ
ǰ֮ǰѾ߹ˣǴδģԶ״һЩ飬ҶٻǼǵһġûǴĻӦþ˫Ӵ۳Ƶʱ䡣ͬʱҲʨӴ۳Ƶʱ䡣
ʲôƲƵģ˫ӴеϷ֪ɳӷСʲôƣʨѾȥˣûᣬڵĳӷ˫ȭѵ֡
ǰ˵ʹˡЩƣ񲻵ģǲҪشӡ
شӣСһ˵ʲôƣһ˵ʲôشӣϷеͿˡ
νشӣ˫֮սʼҲ˵죬ͽʽ˫֮սĻ
Ŷ˵ģҪʼ𣿡
ֻǸʼˣ֮󣬾ͽССһ˴εĴսǿмսǾĿġһ˴εĴսĻ֮Ҳ;ʤȻһսȻÿһս춯أкܶ࣬С͵սۣ͵սۣǰ㶼ġ
治֪С˵Ǽ١Ȼ˵ˣǾϷһͬǰ½ɣϾǴսСս½չ𣿡
ÿһ½ս۵ķġʵҲǰһͬǰϾеĽ𵽾޴áȻ½ߣһһǳҪҪ죬½ϵĸ׵ĽܽãҲͰһˡ
ĸףĸ˭
ɡ
ԭѾͷ֮ǰϷһΣͦġðɣȻʹϷͲΪˡʲôȥɡ
ǰ˫Ǵսʼ֮ǰһ£ǰӦң
ʲô£
ҳаʱͲʱˣʱֻǸͰˡԣ֮ǰҲκ֪ҵĴڡǰұܣΪҵĴһ¶ʷͻдȵĸı䣬ϵҵĽܲĳ
ԭˡãϷӦ㣬Ĵڣ֪֪Բе֪ġ
ǾͶлǰˡڿʼǴǵսۣҵ顣ˣڲõĽҲֵġϣҳ֮󣬳ҵĵʦ֮⣬ǰܸһչˣʲôġ
Сӵ̴Ŀѽûˡ
ָ⻰͵˵Ѿ˳аδԽߵݡڲõĽаʳ֮󣬳ʦ֮⣬ָҲڰаʵġ
оǣҵĴɱ¾̫أǰлĻ뿴һ㣬Ϊⳡ˫ǴսУɱģҵĸ׳ӷ磬ҵĴ㡣
ѾͷϷҲˣӵȷܴ󡣵˵ɱ¾ȳӷ绹ҪأϷ治̫šˣ˵ɣԼذɣϷһˡ
ָٷϻֱӷ½ȥ
аʿ½ķ̾˿˵Ҫʼˣӽ쿪ʼͽ˾ʹࡣϹң佣Ǭˣţ˾һÿһˣҲΪĴӢҵҲ˵ʱʹɱǸ󡣡


3193 ƪ
½½ı߾ڴ˶ţһȻ˫Ӵ۵Ҳ˵ǶЫӣ⻹ǿߡ
һʦıһʦȴǵЩеһʦţһʦֻһһȴӵǿޱȵʵ
һʦģȻǸոǻԪȴеֻǹ֮һˡҲ˵ڳ˵ѾΧ
ǰ½½ǱߵҲӿȴһǧ࣬һǧ½νķݡ
ƣǣɣ˵ʦȫϳǵˣϹǶûߣ˵ǵʮˡ
ô죿ǰǶûڣϹҲûڡǿĵˣǲ·һ𣡡
ڤ绪ҵϴڶʼھڤʱ򣬸ϳǼһ첻µزµǿĵˣ˵£ţǾԲܵġ
ȻǲֻǻԪ磬ӷ涼ûҪʵڲġ
ƣǵǿ취ѽڸô죿
˵һû뵽˫Ӵ۾ȻɳǿԸǣȥԸǰǵġӣ˫ӴĿģû´Ļ˫ӴεĿ꣬ӦңǸˡ
ʲô˫ӴҪֱӶǳ˵ʦ֡湻ġ
˵һս˵ʿȻҪģűľʦȴΪؼԵá˫ӴۻħʱѾǴˣ֪ǳ˵ĵϸҪɱʦҲǺġ
˵ӣǲˡӣֻһ·ɱȥ
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СչʧǵĻǶǳ˵ĴҲʮصġ
λ£ھľͻӶҡˣҲ޷
Ȼǿ󣬿ҲġѾѶţ֪ͨ˵ǰǣϾͻϹˡֻҪǼһʱͺá
䣬ʵǣħоôˣ
ǰ󷨣й֮޲
ǺãȲħһʱ䡣
ǵ˵ͷ̿ʼħ
ֻǧħڶʱ֮ͳˣ˵ȫʹˣͲڵһʱԳ˵Ĺ
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ЫӣħǻĽ죬ֱɣһǧħһ˾Ƴˡ
һˣͿƳµһǧħһҲδ̫С˰ɡ
ЫӲɵϣȻܱ˫ӴۿţаȻŹ֮ģ˵˵ǰã϶ҲͲҪôһδۿģʦһҪܳκεĲǸˡû´ĻûֱͻΧΪ֪ʵǶʵʮԣǲ֮ħֻΪʱˡ
ʱ䣿ѵȫ𣿾ǵȫᣬҲġ
ʱ䣬ǵǵȫᣬʵֻҪһ˵ǾӦˡ
Ыӣѵ˵ǡ
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˵ǿԸ۴ƽֵǻ治̫ˡȵˣǾɱʦˡ
ԣһˣ˵Ҫ֮䣬ˣȫɱ
Ыһ־ֻҪһ£ô˵ټѾ½ǵħٹǿҲǵֵסġ
֮䣬ҪɱгЫӿ湻ݵġ
ͬʱħڵҲе˲Ծ̫ǿԼħѾʼ߽ˡ
ãǺ֪Ҫʱ䣬ѾһпԶõ֮䣬ͽǵ̫٣˵̫࣬ǲֵܵסġ

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ƿԱߵһۣҡҡͷ˵ȻʵǿģǣٶȲġҪǴͷСӣҪǿͬʱҲҪ㹻ٶȣ򣬲ȿСӣѾΧˡ
˵ٶȵĻԽҵħ󣬿һռ֮ţֱӳСӵǰֻҪҴֹ죬С֮ͨռ֮ŷһоͺðˣ


3194 ƪ
Ыӿǧħڵĳ¶Цгĳ嶯
ӣǺʲôԲߣħʲôƵġ
Ыߵһ˵
ʲôöԲߡȹġǵЦ˵һ仰ǾãЩһʲô
ЫӴ˻һԱߵĻͼ˵ӣֱ
ûʵ벻ͨҪңǳҪ㹻ʵ֮⣬ҪоԵٶȣǵٶȳ˲ƺŵĵ۵ˣͲܰĵ
ǿռ䴩أ
Ыһ˳һֱУû˵ҲûгֵĴ㣬˵ÿһ仰ɶЫӲš
ǰ˼ǣҪÿռ䴩ң
šģȻǲҪʦɱͬʱҲȷȫġϷڣ˵ǵǵˣϷҲ
ʱ򣬶ЫӵǰͻȻһռ䲨ɲռ䲨ĶӶЫ߳Ȼ֣һȭȥ˿ռ䲨֮ϣֻǧħڵǣһѪ˳
ۡ
ȥͬʱµǧħͬһʱ䱻ȫ߽ˡ
硣
ʦ
Ķϳǰס˱ǿ˵ǣһѪ³֮˶·ҪȥƵġ
ǿ㣬ʹڡ

ڶЫǱߣȻһʹڵǿߣ˫Ӵ۵ֱʻ治һĴѽΪɱʦȻ˫Ӵͬһǿ߶ɳˡ
ƶʱ޲ߣһ취ûˣ˵Ψһİ취Ѿʧˣκΰ취Ѿ޷ʱˡ
飬飬顭
ΧĵϣһıըѾЫӵǿŭ߳Ϸ˵ǵˣϷҲ£
ȷ۷ʵǵˣҲҪ̫ġӣҲ˫Ӵ׼ġ
Ĳ𣿡
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վǰӣһѵߣһθߴֿˣһݵŮӡǸߴһ˫ȭͷðǿҵĻ棬Ůӵϣһצ
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ǰۻǰ۵ǰ
Ŀ湻ʱģؼʱ̵Ҳͬ˵ЫҪ֣Ͳ̫ˡһʹڵǿڳҪйҲ˵ġ
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ߵٶʮ֮죬ԵԱһֱӺȫ
ЫӵļҲԱһܶǿȫ𣬵ҲкܶˣͲڵһ֮ǰġ
¡һϳһֳĵۣ漴һĲҽУһȥνصʬǣЫУɥ֮¡
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һɱԼһȫǿߡʵ֮ǰǿ˲١
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תͷʱſǸߣ˵ȻûͶ˫Ӵۣ
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֪ʨ뿪ϷͲӦȥǼˡ˵ʲôѾˣѾӷУ˫Ӵ޷õˡϷЩȴѾǵǸˡ
ʲô
ĵҲǰǸһû뵽ĵȻͶ˫Ӵۣ˫Ӵʱ򣬸ûɱ¡
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ĵܣӣУɽͶ˫ӴۣһˣҲͶˡΪ֪ͶߣӦþǾĻҳԱ
磬⻹ûϵ顣ǵھУźܶǿҲǲСӵġû뵽ǾȻɺĵ֮£ȫͶ˫ӴۡһսǱȽϼֵġ
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˵ڵ۵Ĵ֮£ǣ½һȥ
ЫӺˡ׷
׷ֵܵǰΪʲôΪ˫ӴҲ̫Сǵϼ˰ɣΪɳ˾ɻҵĳԱһĵɷɺ裬ͿǵֵܵƤӵ£ɱӷʦֱǲ֪ߵغ󡣡
ۻ겻죬ҵһսɡ


3195 ƪ
Ϲң佣Ǭ£̣ѣϷˣѾ˰ǻԪ磬ҲѾ˫ӳ⡣
˫ӻʹǱ߶ѾˣȻ㼤ңΣһġ佣ʶ֪̽ӷѾ˫ӳ֮ˣľظҲǿĵˣϴγֵǸۡ
ʲôֱɱȥɡϹ˵
ѽǴʲô塣ھľضѾ˴ˣԭѾӷ˵Ҳ˹ҸľһֶԸϴ׷ɱǵǸЩ˻ȵĻǲ̫ˡǬ˵
˵𼱡ЩˣҲġǰǻûʮҲûѵ˫𣿡
̲ǲ˿Ҳ֪ӷôˣ˫ӻʹ⣬˺ܶǿƣһкܶǿƣ˫ӳ߸ϹǷ˫ӴѾĵơ̵ʱɱ˫ӳǣǲ뻢ڣȥ
Ǹ͵Ȳǰˡ֮ǰյƵѶţ˵Ǳ߱˫Ӵ۵ΧˣǰѾȥˡϷ˵
ҲðȻжӷӦòģӷǱҲǿڰľظֽƻĺܣǴ򲻹֪ܣЩ˾ͲһˡһƢһ˫ӳǣһսģͷǵ³ҪϴθҡͬİսֻܹһΣԲеڶˡ
Ϸ˵˵еǻȵһɣ˵
ѵɫЩѿģ˫ۣЩвͣɨţʵ˭ˣ

˵ղŲǻһѵѾͷжѾ𣿡
˵ûнǡһģڽ밢ǻԪʱ򣬱һռ֮ţȻ˱ͨҲ֪ĸͨ
˵ֻҪû˫ӳǾͿˡԱڵʵڱĵطҾͲġ
ѽʵѾ֮ˣֻҪû˫ӳǣǲʲôطǰȫġ

ৡ
⣬֮˫ӳǣ̵ȫ˫ӳ֮⣬еЩ⡣
û뵽˫Ӵ۶ôǿߡһǿߣʵ֮ϣ㾳ʮ˵ݣӷǱ߻鷳ˣֲʱɱȥô죿Ǭʵ
뿪е֮ɱ
ʮֵĹϣ֪ϴε鲻ٷˣԼЩ˽˫ӳǣһϴһ˫Ӵܵġʱһ˫Ӵ֣֮˫ӴǾԲκεķϻ䣬·һ
ȼ˵ۼе֮󣬲л˫Ӵ潻սġȻǻҪеøʮ򣬷򣬵ƾǣͲ˫Ӵ۵⡣
Ҫ뿪ȥʱ佣ͻȻֹͣ˽Ų˵پöˣɡ
پ
һӰ̵˵ǰȴһߵӰ֮Ҳһͷȫħ֮ǿѾһ˷ָĳ̶ˡ
پ佣ûɣ
ҵʶоپдġ
λˡڿɲپҲǳ˰˴ս֮һڿǰǻԪİ˴ħʦ֮һһħʦ
پڸʲô
ǵʨǰ˸´Ǵ氢ǻԪİ˴ħʦպչж£Ǽ֪ͺãҪˣ˶ӣǵݸй¶ˡˣҲǶ˵ˣ˫ӴѾ´˾ۼҪϸȥ˫ӻʹϣԸһɡ
پֱӾͷ˫ӳǣȫûи̵˶˵ʲô
ʨʨаˣȻˣҲͲõӷǱˡ
ľظһñˣһҪ˵ء
ͬʱ½Ĳͬ䣬˵Ѿȫˣֻȫɢ˿ûоۼһ
Ƥľţ˵ˣʲôطȽϺá
ǣų
ǱߵҲѾˡ
ųѾյѶţ׼ᡣ
ϳظȥ
ڤҲȫˡ
磬磬ĸȫ˰ǻԪ硣
ϻƣû뵽Ȼһ
½һɽ֮۵ģҶ峤
峤ǹϲˡԭӻû˫ӻʹһ𲢼ս
ҲҲҪϲҲѾоӵںһظϹȥ֪ͨǱߣ˵ȥ˫ӴֵµĴ壬ѾͶˡֻҪǵͶ˫䣬ʱԷֻ˫Ӵۼǿ̫࣬ǱܲɱһѪ·Ǹδ֪֮
ȱ˵ôˣȵ˼ɡ
ãϸϹȥ˫ǴսתۼҪʼˣɲЩ֮ѽ
ǰӷ綷ôãڿվͬһսˡһսĶԼˣ硣ܷ磬ưԴǧ磬Ϳⳡ˫֮սˡûƣߣļĻͷ󣬾°ɣҪЩ
Ҷ峤շɳһξ룬ͼԶһǿԼ߿
ǵ۵ǡ
Ͽȥ⣬ѶţɱΪǵˣԼ˴
һߣҲѾˡ
гҵȫѾˡ
ôоһѽ
ŶǳѾͷյһӰҲûѾͷܵʲôطȥˣ
ˣѾͷڵʵ˳ӷ֮⣬˶ܵеġԼȥǴǵġ


3196 ƪ
½λãһƬĻĮ֮УûκεɳҲûκεɽƣûνɭ뺣еģֻһ޼ʵĻĮ
ƬĮ˷⣬λþۼ絽λõģȴҶ˷Ĵ
֮ĴȫΧȥ˼⳯߾ۼ֮⣬оһɹǿɱǵ֮ǰǼ˲֪Ҫǿ˶ٱǵɱֻսܿ
ֻеۼڻĮĵΧʱȴȫֹͣǷ·ڵȴʲôƵģͬʱҲʼ䱸ɱγһǿޱȵƬĮȫ˸еϢ
Ҷ˷磬ǲǰǵɵˣ
վҶ˷ʵ
šǵʮֽر˰ǻԪ磬ܰٷ֮ٿ϶ԷԼ˵ݣǾͽֽ𣬺ϻҲ
òϣϴιǼÿһ˵ʵǳǿҪ˫ȣʵϣ棬ԶԶ硣
̣ĲһΪҪо󣬸ı˵ЩʮǰǴҵĵˣʱҵҲǿ౶ɵҺǰˡ
Ȼ˵Ծ˿־ٴļıҲκõġ
һıȺǿأ
˵ӷ磿
ĳӷ磬ʵѾΪ۷ľ硣ǧ򣬻ıơҿԿ϶ֻҪаۼ˫Ӵһ壬ֻҪǼûб˫Ӵ۾ۼ磬и˫һƴġŰɣϣҾͻʶˡ
䣬Ҷ˷˳ӷ罻ĳʱҶ˷ҲȻǵ˲ãҪֱӽӹܳˣΪӷ粻µͳ졣һҲΪûͳڣγһɢɳľơ
Ѫɫ⣬ֱʣը˿ٵγ޴֡񡱡
Ǳߵǰֵ֣˵ӷĳΪʲôҶ˷緢ģ
˵ӷǲ׽˵ģһˣǾ˵ӷѾڵͳ졣
ɣСѽ㣬˼˵ӷҶ˷ͳȫϷ˵
ѾˡҶ˷پ˵Ĵˡߣȹȥ
һƵ˿ųķ˵Ҷ˷緢ĳӣѾͳְλˡ
ϳ˵ɡҶ˷ͳȫǻء
ò˵Ҷ˷ȷͳĲܡǵĽսȻǴǰҶ˷һҶ˷統ʱָȴΪ߳ġ
ʦѵ㣬ҲҶ˷𣿡
縺βͬҸǣóĲͳȫΪָӵģĻıߵġ磬ʸΪָӣͳȫ֮ˣҲֻҶ˷硣ʺϸ͵ϮľʺϴӪڲоĿֻšÿһ˶ŸԵĳ̴ֻҪǵĳʵĵطǲһ֧ս޲ʤľӡ
ھ͹ȥ𣿡
ߣȥҶ˷ڵ
ƤǷ棬Ҳڼ˳ȫȥʮҵ˵İսţ԰ʼڰǻԪ缯ᡣ
ʨİʨϣҪ˫չĴսˡ
Ҷ˷翴ȫ£վԼΧǵȳ˵ľʦ죬ҲȫԼ˹Ҷ˷ȴûʱǷϻˣеĳһ٣֮Ҷ˷磬ְλͳȫ
ȫҶ˷߾ٵƣǾԲмٵģʱҶ˷Ҳôˡ
̵һ˫ȭһμָӡ
һ˵μָӡ
μָӡ
ȫͬ𣬳һ۵֮⡣
Ҷ˷Գļᣬº⣬ⲻǳӷѽԼǰǵĵˣʱÿһˣŴֹۡ
Ĵ֧Ĵ˵ʿݣ¶ʮֵ
ӷ絽ôģһۿȥȫͿκһʿѽ·ڳÿһˣĽ죬ÿһ죬սսʿ
үүӣûͶȷڲͬһݵλȫһҶ˷磬ֻһƣһ£Ǿȫˡ
ܾǳӷ˫Ӵ۵Ĳͬɡͬ˴ͬľӡ˫ӴǽбȨӷ磬ȴˣ
ʵ֪ڳҲкܶˣǱӷԲֶͬ£ģڤǣǳӷֶβ󣬲Ź˳ĳ
̲ĴֱʵҶָӣֱɱ˫ӳǻǣ
ǵĵһĿ꣬½
ʲô
Ĵˣһ㶡
ӷ˫ӻʹ˫Ӵ۶Ÿɣսӹָӣȥӷһ֮Ҫȥ½ɵ˰ɣ
ɳУȴûһѯΪʲôģΪÿһ˵ﶼ֪һսĿʼһӪضûеĻǸ֮ǰħԿλʱʲô𡣱ȹռһԼĵ̣ܸ˫չ־սģŸûվȣͻᱻ˫Ӵ
Ҷ˷ڰǻԪѾһˣ֪ǻԪĴ½࣬ģȴֻ
½˫Ӵ۵ϳҪռǸֱɱ˫ӳʲôȻ½һǶĴ½Ҿֻ½õѡԣҶ˷ͳҪĵһ£ǽ½¡
Ķ˵ǲǸմǸʲô½ı߾𣡵ǰۻǰҲǱء
Ҷ˷⻰ʵǰ½
Ӧ½½ı߾ɡ֮ǰǱ˫Ӵ۵ΧҪɱҶλʦڵǰǼʱϵҶˣΪڻǳˣǰۻǰǱ߸˼ս
Ҷ˷Цһ˵ҲֻҪܽ˸Ǿֱס½ǹռ½ʮȫǰǰǱߣǱߵĵͳͳһʲôֶΣʲôԹ˿ˢɣǧҪ˫Ӵӣɱ¾ɡ
ɿЦһ˵Ҷ˷ҪһսѽһȻǸʸָӣһ֣˭벻ƣǾģɱȥɣҲǳˡ
ãھɱȥ֮ռ½


3197 ƪ
һ֮ҲûˣΨۻһˣս
һƬĮ֮ڣԭɫɳѾѪȾ죬ɳصʬ壬ڲͣѪϵĽɳ֮ڡ
󷽣½һ£ĵѾܵǿҵĴ˵ǳˣǿɱ¾еĵۻͬħĿ¡
ɻһղŻɱǿߣ˿ҲѾɷɺ裬ĵڣҲǿŻѪĵۻ
겻ۻʵȻǿˣҲѾʹھʵˡߣվʹڣĿǰҲɷɺһˣ֪û֮ûгֵġ
ЫӵɫһĲ԰ףõʵ֪ģû뵽ǣԼ쵽ôʦˣۻһأˡ
еۻ·ӣҪɱľʦǾԲܵġ˫ӴǱߵֲòִУûɹĻЫ֪ص˫ӳǣԼҲкùӳԵġ
ɷɺǰӣˡʹڣа𣿡
ɷɺɫʮѿǵۻһˣӦǵһˣҲԽ赲ȴǵۻѽһ֮ۻԿǻʲô³ƨɶĵġ
Ϸһˣֵ˵Ķ֡ӣҪϷ֣һҲʹڵľ硣ЫӣϷţһΣֻɳϷһʹڣģûУ
Ы̾˿˵Ҫ۷Ծ۷ˡȻˣǰǰɡ
ʲô
ǰ
Ыһأֻ֮Уһǿ˵ۻǰҲʱһ˵ۻߡ
ֵܿǰֵİ׹⣬׹֮УһӰ֣ǿһɾԵظС
ɷɺȻоߵʵԼ£ȴһƣƣȻ˫Ӵе
ߣˣ
ȵֵʣɷɺʵ
ЫһЦΪ۾һǾʹˡ
ʲô˼
Ы⻰ʲô˼
ǵ׹⣬Ѿ𽥵ʧһϵӰ˵ǰ
һͷİ׷ɽһİۣȴһɫĹۣ
ϼ壬Υˡ
ߵĳ֣˵ĵһ仰õۻ໥һۡ
ΥǺǺܾò˼ɶڵϼ˵ʲôˣʸϼΥأ
˫ĶڰߵϣۻҲڿٵתš󣬵ۻ˵塣
ûϰ򣬴ˣǰˡ
ʮ壬Ѿ˳ϼˣʱôܻаվأһվ˫ӴǱߵġ
Ы˵ǾңΪҽһ°ɡλǱһλۣҲǵһεۣۡ
ʲô
ۣһεۣҲǵϼ浱İۣǰĴʼˣΨһһʹùۡ
ɷɺ趼Լ۾˵е˵еۣĴ˵ѽͳιǧǿߡ
û뵽û뵽˫ӴۣȻ˫ӻʹǱߵģȻеڶһһ͸ϼʶģۡ
ۻɫ֪ʱҲѾת䣬ֵû뵽ۣ˫Ӵ۸ˣаӵŶôǿ˵аܸ۵Ļǲ˵ۣҲܱˣǳӷҪԵģͲһ˫ӴˣӦ˵Ҫͬʱǰʮһεۣ
ǰɷɺǰ֣ɱǵֵ𣿡
˫ɫڵۻɨһ£Ϊһεۣڵϼ壬ǿΪ˽ģ˽⡣ңۻӵйǧ򣬸֮ˣʵӦþͲʹô򵥰ɡ
ϼ˸֣һˣɱСˡ
⻰ȻţڶЫȴǳ⣬ɷɺ裬Ҳǲ˵ڵһεİǰɷɺҲС
Ȼа۳֣ҵСȻҸ͡ϼã˫Ӵǿĵ֮һֽϼֵɱĻ˫Ӵһܸ˵ģɱļʦҪҪ
һתͷ˫ɫӿɷɺ裬ڴˣʲôʱֵС˵ˡ۹Զ㡣
һһѽĵڵһǰҲֻǸСɫˣʵҲѾʹˣɰۣȫͲɷɺ
Ыһ֣ȫˣҪǰɱۻ

ۻһЦۣǼ٣ģΪƾһˣɱֵܶ𣿡
ϼСڱǰȻ˷
˵磬˺ɡ
ĵܣǡ
õģ˫ӴҶûڹοһİۡ
˫Ӵ۶ûڹ
ЦСӣĿǲСѽ˫Ӵ۲ĴǧͳߣȻѵϼ嵽һȫ޵еĴڲɣ
ٷϻɣʲô£óʮ֮ڣȥ
ʮУɸӿʮоҪɱλһεۡ
˭ϼڵʨ֮ǿߣʼıͳģѵԸһ𡣱ˣʮۣȫʼġ


3198 ƪ
Ҷ˷Ĵ֮£Ѿ½½ı߾ⷽ԰֮ڣȴǿ³޷ͻϵۻǱȥ
׹⣬֮вͣĽţͬɫĻ棬Ҳ˵壬֮һߵ̬ʼγɣ໥֮ҵײû˿飬Ҳ·ӵ㣬һ֮£ʹĳȫˣ۵Ҳֵס˵ˡ
ãˡȻǵǰһǿĵ˶ǿȫҲ޷ͻƵġ
Ҷ˷ʱΣһ취ûС
۵˵ʹڵǿߣ֮ĶԾѾ˿Բֵˡ˵еֻ֣ʹô򵥣Ȼܸĵ֮ܽõĶţӣ˫ӴɳĵѽֻΪɱʦ
ǰ˵ӦøеҡΪɱǣ˫Ӵ˵ǿ߶ɳˣʧˣĵ˫Ӵ۵ıжѿ
ҲõģԵۻǰʵ˵Ը˫ӴۿˣˣôܻǵĶ֡
ʮļҲѾǰʮ໥һۣǲʲôƵģзļ˵ûô򵥡
зҲָо𣿡ŭʵ
šָоǿҡ
Ҹǿҡ
ŭɫ䣬ΪѾ֮ڣһƬǳͬʱǳ֮ڣһ޴ͷ
ǡ
۵ǳ֮ڵͷԣƬǳǵǳħɵģǸͷôһ£
ǰı־սģȻǰˡ
ʲôˣǰ˲ȫѵСӣϹ˵
ܣӰôŸԿʵеĻҲܸӷˡ
Ȼӣǻ˭أ
˿ֽ̣ͷ֮ϣһʹڣⶦʹڵĳ֣ð壬ʮȫ
۵Ļʹڣ
ʲôۡ
˵֮ǰǱ˫Ӵ׷ɱΪһ۳֡ѵǸ˫Ӵ۸ۣǰۣ
ۣ棬ˣȫ˰
ŭɫӵѿǰ۵ĻҲ˵ԼѾˣһǱ˫Ӵ۸ģǾ˵Ѿ˫Ӵ۵ˡ
۵˵һεۣȻǱ˫ӴģǾѾ˫ӴסˡǰҲҪ̫࣬ΪȥǸۣҲЩģһὫȫǵˣͳͳĨɱ
ŭ˵֮صɱģŰɱ۵˵ûǵۣѾ˫Ӵסˡ
˵֮ǰʮ壬ֱĵһεۣڿۣһ
ʦ⻰ʲô˼
ŲҶ˵˫ӳʱӦҲоˣ˫ӻʹ֮ڣҲһ۰ɣ
˵û˫ӻʹڵǸۣϴ׷ɱǵġ˵˫ӴǸεۣ
û´ĻӦеۣȫѾˡ˫ӴۼȻܸǾͿԽеȫ
Ǹǵĵ˾͸ǿˣҪԵĲһ˫ӴۣʮۡڣǶ޷ȥġ
ŭ˵ǰ۸ˣҲǵĶ֣Ǿܷġ
ŭΪʲô˿϶
ϼʵҺǰɵϼ۴µİڽɽĵʨϼЩǰҪǿ󣬵ڵʨ֮£ȻǶԸġ
ǣһ֮⣬ĵ˴ڡʹڵǿߣһ
ҲҪġ۵ԸǰϾأȻ֣Ǿ;Բ˲顣Ҳ˵ֻаһˣ򡣡
¡
Ѿһ𶯣ʹ֮ѾѺۡ
Ҷ˷˵ѾнˡǿͨЩѺֱͻơеһѺ۴ȥƿһӡ


3199 ƪ
¡һе֮Ƴһ޴Ŀӡ
Ҷ˷˿̲Ƭ̵ԥȫ֮Ҫ˿ҲܵжôǿڵԸ۵ͬʱȽ˫Ӵ۵Щɢһ𣬸ϰ
ڵĶЫӵˣһըͷӦ˹ÿһˣҲȫ˳ԴĴЫӺˣӽļһͳͳĨɱһ
һ
ڳĿ֧㶾Ыӣ뽫ȫĻ˫ӴҲҪô𣬿˫Ӵۻħʱ򣬳˾Ѿ˫Ӵ۸ˡ
˫Ӵۻħô꣬Ϊʲôû˳ˣó˴䣬ٴ䵽Ǿ֤˵ʵˣټʦν˫ȫĴڣ㶾Ы˵˵ġ
ɷɺ֮ǰûʸһԸڣʦȻˣһôɷɺΪĵܽͳͳɱĻҲûȥˡ
ʵϣЫӸɷɺһģС̫߹Լˡ
Ҷ˷Ϊ˵ʱָӣҪ˸֪һζĴɱɱһıûеĻ¾Ҫ綾Ы˵ǰ㣬Ҫڴ˵ˡ
뵱ڽս۵ʱҶ˷ָȫԿȻ󱻳ӷͱһӣòϣҶ˷ָӲǾţġ
ڳ֮Ҷ˷ûһֱɱȥẠ̊́һƵȥǣסһĵˡѣһƵȥǣһˡϹңһӵ˵ĺ󷽽йǬ£Ǽһӵ˵λóȥסмλõĹҪеҪõ˵м䣬һǿıըԴɢ˵ʵҴֱӸЫӣǸʹڵǿ߶
Ҷ˷˵꣬˫ۿһˣҲٷϻ˵սеģϣҲǾԷӵġ
Ҷ˷˵һ۵֮⣬ΪǰҸмλÿʼ
ĶЫӼڳ֮󣬾ȻΪ·ǲ˵ԽеʵһģΪʲôҪɢأ
ЫӣָҲѽΪ·ֱӲͬλýǣԼʵɢ˿ʵȴҪɢǵʵ
ɷɺ˫۳ǵһ˵ûУǰ棬߹ˣӦþǵָˡֻҪȽɱ֧ضǴҵġ
ɷɺ軹̫߹ԼˣΪֻҪɱҶ˷磬ͻңҪɱҶ˷Ǽ򵥵飬һ˵ɱҶ˷磬ɳҲԲΪһ˾ʹҵģʮǰӷ羫ѡЩǳһЦ
ڶЫǰĵۣеۻҲ벻ǾȻֻˣǼˣ˵Ĵ˹Ǽһʲô֪ɽлƫɽУԼǿ󣬿Ҳܱסѽ˫ӴۺԾҪɱʦģ汻ˣǶڳ˵˵ʧɾʹˡ
磬ȥǡҪ
ۻ˵ģڣɷɺŲˡ
˵գۻһֱӵһͳ˶ЫӸɷɺǰ˵ɷɺ裬˳֣ɱʦǾȹһذɡ
ۻһѲĽɫʱܹԼҪֱɱʦǾͷǳ鷳ˣ֮ǰҲˡ
ȻľʦַˣǾ˵ɷɺ軹лɱġ
ЫӣۻϷԸ㴦
áǰԼСһ㡣ҲǺöԸģҲҪСǸ۵˲֮Ƶģٶ֮죬˷ʤ
ġǵãһʨ֮⣬ˣϷҲ¡
ɷɺѾǵڶ˵µˣ治µĻα˵Ļأԣɷɺڵã˼ġ


3200 ƪ
Ҷ˷ָ£Ϊǰңм䣬巽λýֱӾͽ˫Ӵ۵һʦɢˡ
Щһ˵ÿһĸģųĹ͹ܲˣֱӾͳЩԼȥһ޷ԼϵսֻԹԵڴͬһɢɳ㡣
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ɷɺĵȽҶ˷оģʵ˵ҪҶ˷ҲǼѵ飬˵֮顣ǣɷɺȻʵԼⷽĳǽڽڰˣɷɺ֪Щļһһѵٵģս֮£ǲսͬʱҲô½ˣôһ
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ЫҲΣ˵֮ǰҸû뵽ЩɱҲˣҪҲܻһģһСһʦҪǸ׾ٵ顣û뵽˵ĴȻ弯ᣬȫɱ˹
ڸô죿ɲһһĶԾսһ϶ûУͬһɢɳ㣬ƲСʱǵҪһ롣
巽һʦ˵ʦɱˣһ룬ǶЫЩˣͲûȥˣȥ֮˫ӴҲŹǵģˣ˫ӴҲѽ
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ˣٿǰۣΪǵһۣͲκ˷ڽˣ𣿡
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䣬ȥЫӼѾˣȫϳˣ˭սն
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ˡֻҪ׷ͲҪκˡ׷ǾͶħȽǸֵǲҪϼʮ壬ǲò
۴˿Ѿһԣǰŭһ㻹ĵһۣҰ档û뵽ھȻ˫Ӵ۵߹ǰ壬Ϊܡ
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ȻѾ㵱ˣǵɱʱҲȻˣֶΣ嶼ִƵġ
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ŶЫӵܣ˵ҲʮֵԾûκһ׷ɱȥġΪЫӵ˻ˣǳ˵ĿģҶ˷ҪģǾĹռۣΪݵء
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Ҷ˷Ĵ֮£ȫ½ʱ½ʱͻ
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һڷ԰֮ڣͣĻصţ


3201 ƪ
ЫǱߵȻѾˣһ˵֮ɱʱ˭ܿ϶Ыֲɵӣ˵죬Ǿ͵Ǹ˳׼ʱ
ߣҲ䲻⣬䲻Ϊñ֮ʲôõ֪ˣʲôߵ˵ĻǾһ׳ա˵ЫǱʮСʱʱ䣬ͻɱģҶ˷Ҳ֪һ㡣
ɼȻҶ˷֪ЫǱʮСʱͻɱΪʲôƫƫҪʮСʱ֮½ܹأ͵ǸЫǱ֧Ԯ½ʱ
֮ǰѾ˵ˣ߹ѽЫǱ߲ܸһ׼ȷķɱʱ䣬ȻҶ˷ȻҲöЫǵʮСʱ֮ɱġ
뷨ȻҲҵļƻ
ʮСʱ֮ڣעᷢܶ飬Ҳа˵˫֮սڽ쳹չ
ʮСʱҲϵʱھϣһʱ䣬Ҳ˵ڻʮ֡
絽ϵľʣǳǵϵģһе֮ڣһأʹⳡ֮ϣӳɫʡ
ϹҾͲˣҶ˷ﵽôģѾЫǴˣΪʲôȴʱֱӽ½أ½ղӻȥҲһѾԼߵ½Ǳߵһʦˣ½˵һصĶѽʱ򣬳Ҫֱӹռ½νȹģνġġһҪһֳϷͬҲ˵һη֮ѽ
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Ҷ˷û˵ҲĸϹҷѿ࣬Ҷ˷ԣϹҾһˣʵڽսսĻƴţһĴˡ
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С磬Щһﶼûʲôս飬ȥСץʲôط½жԶ
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3202 ƪ
󡲻аĲݣΪĸڲõĽܿܿԼӣܿý磬ƴаҲҪɱһԼĸʧ֮ǰǳսʼ֮ǰˣ˫Ǵս󣬵ȳӷͳ˴ǧ֮ԼҲģ㣬ʷʲôıҲܷԼĳ
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δУаʽӴ̫࣬ι״Ҳܶ࣬˵һͷ췢ȻҲˡСڳҲͷŵĴ󽫣ָڳӷͳ˴ǧ֮󣬾ͽСɵ磬߽ȥˣ˵аûϳСҲġ
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һ£ѵҪʣҾһҪشֲʶ㡣
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ѲļһһһӣҲɱ䶼ˡ
аеĽһӣǿ˳ûԼĵˣǿѾȫ
Ǳжϣֱӳ˳аʵ˫ַӡ࣬ȫɱ¡
ˣˡ̻𣬽ӳ𣬺
ˣǳϦҹֵܽһѾҸԲ˰ɣЩΪѧϰʵ޷ؼҵǣҲһҪ绰ؼңóǷŶ
ٷףµһˣ˳ѧϰ׬Ǯ˼˰أŮ˧磩ˣͶͱҪǣģģٿģ


3203 ƪ
ħ£ǱĶɱУھôʼ񱬱һɱνѾǵǷ켫ˣȫʩչĻֵܵסĹҲֻʹڼĳǿˡ
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аеĽһʱһɻס˳аҲķ˶һ㶣ֻǻûȳаתǿȫ˳аʵ
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ҲĸоûУУҲ޷ֱͬڲͬһʮرĴڣӷ磬ѣ⸸ĸʱҲ٣ʱ򣬱ָоȻΪǿҵġ
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аʲǲ˵ǲ˵Ϊ֪λڲͬԼ˵ʲôµĳЩ飬ĳЩʱܶ˶޷飬޷ȥ顣
˵ˣҪԼ˵Լ˵ʲôѽѵ˵һãת˵֣а֪ԼλĶ֣ýĻԼܲԼĴɡҪ֪˫֮սУԼλ㣬һʮҪĽɫѽ
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˫һΪаҪ֣̾ͽڵٴһóаһ˵ᣡ

Ҫװư͵ģаҲֻ뵽װư취ɻأһ֮£˵ˡ
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3204 ƪ
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ӷͲ˫ӴҪʲôֱӾ˵˳˫Ӵ۵ĿʼеţΪӷĲеҪһ
ȻЦѾסЩͶӷˣ˫ӴʱҲҪ̫ĵģΪֻҪܽͶӷ˿סƾĴǵҪ˫ڷǾԲܵġ
һ⣬ԼõĿռħ󣬲ס˳ӷ磬ͬʱҲԼЦסˣһʱħ⿿³ӷҲͬɡϾ飬ӷ綼ѾźˣͲҪȥʲôֻҪһ£ɽǱ߾ͻῪʼС
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;ȥֹɡҪǣƾǵ񻹲ɡ
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˫Ӵ˵Ǿͳȥһսɣ˸ҵˣȫ档
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䣬ӷһľأ硣¡ʨӴ֮ףǧһսɡ


3206 ƪ
˫ӻʹ֮ϣӷ˫ӴѾλãľظ类ţһҲˣȸ̻໥ǣţʱҲ飬˵ҲûκεĶ˫ֻ֪ҪԸһ֣Ǳ㲻˿أȫɱ
˫ӻʹΧϰ㾳ǿߣѾ˫ӻʹΧǿΪһ壬ͬγһ޴ı֣˫ӻʹµˣȫסˣҪͻΧǿϼѽ
ԭԳӷ۷ʵټǧҪϰǿ֮ͻһӣȸľأȥҲ̫ѣ˫ӴҲӷǣסˡңʱ˫ӴǾԲκεĺ֮ǵģֻҪһлᣬҲȫɱӷ硣
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Ǻãָǰ˵Ҳԣ֪˫Ӵûа϶ʲôֽšǾȥֹЦɡ
˫Ӵ˵СҪֹЦ죬Ǳȹ˱ء
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3207 ƪ
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˫ӴҲǳصģѾ屶۷ʱӷ罫ǧҲȫˣ˫Ӵ۴Цһ˫а޼䡣

ӷ翴˫Ӵ۵壬Ȼһη˱仯Ȼ
⡭ܣ
ӷû뵽˫Ӵ۵ϣȻˡ塣
쵰Ȼŵ壬˫壬塣
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ˡӷȫӭսӦòµġȥЦ졣лĻЦˡ
ʱ˫ӴۣеǲҲͷֻۣǸڵ˫Ӵ۾Ե̫ˣϻֺɫҺڲͣһȳζŻ

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ӷҲһ˫ӴۣصйģȻ֮壬ڣҲѾʮ
ʮʮ۷ľ磬ӷĴǧܹӦġ
ʮΡǿҲһˣ塣ҪֵҵĴǧˡ
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ӷ磬Ϊϴα뿪ȥѰСӵĽ𡣸㣬ӵλľĲλֻҪʱһͲҪȥңԼͻڱǰġϴ뿪ֻΪ˲õˡСӻ뷴һŭֱӾͽˡе
⣬˫Ӵ۵һӣ˵ǧ߽ϣ޵дǧڣֻӵǧѾ䵽֮ˡ۽쵹뿴㻹ʲôʸ񣬸۶


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ڵİƣӷȻһ
ѹְôˣһϢûУԭͱ˫Ӵãϴ˫Ӵ뿪˫ӳǵʱ򣬰ӦþӦ˫Ӵ֮ˡ
۶ԣ̣֧ǵǿƣҲͳǧ磬̣ǧ򣬻г˰֮⣬۶ûӵй
ǰΪĵϵҲܻ֪ʼĻһĴڡ˰֮⣬ûеڶ˼Ӳ֪ж
񣬰Ѿ˫Ӵ֣֮ǺԣһҲѾ˫Ӵˡ
ӷʱơ˫ӴλľͿȳӷˡ˵ǧԿĻҲ˵˫ӴѾڳӷֺˣƾа֮壬˫Ӵ۵ʵѾڳӷ֮ˡ
ӷȫ˫Ӵ۵׻Ŷʵھ͸˫ӴƴĻǶڳӷ˵ġ
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˵ıƬգʼζγһ𣬵ϣȴû˿Ķ
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ӣֻƴһˡ
ӷص˿ǧ򣬱ҪȻλһŴǧ֮䣬ҲһŹģ˵ӷҪΪԼһ·һʼͽеȫ
ͬǧһ𱬷Ļֵܷס˫ӴǰѶϽأǿѾԽѽ
ֻһ취
ӷ罫һᣬ취ǰԼ˵ˣǾ͵ģΪӷ֮ǰùһΣһλǳһŹӷŶõġǸʱĳӷΪʵȫȥƿǵ񣬳ӷ籾ʵѾΪ۷ľ磬ϱˣʱǵ֮ǰӦò̫ɡ
ʵ⣬ǳӷ޷ƣʱ򣬳ӷҲûѡˡ

ӷһռֹͣһ̬һһڳӷǰ
˫ӴۼӷȻôһ֣Ҳǲ˿ģӷ磬ѵ㻹ͬھ𣿡
ͬھǵڰɡҪһսǲġ
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˫Ӵ۴Цһˣ˳˫ӳǡûб۵κҲý롣
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˫ӴϰǿߣҲȫ˳˫ӳǣľظ绹иҪҪҲѾȥˣ޷ߡڣӷҪнսģ棬;ȥƣ³ɡ
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3209 ƪ
ľصֵѪӰģһѪ·ɱÿһһѪӡ˫˫ʿڵϣ֮ǿȼʿͲֵܵס
Цǰǧ֮⣬һȽƫƧĹȥͣ߻һ֧ƱȽǿľӡ
ԣЦĿģǰ治Զǹ֮ڣɽ˵ľۼ֮
ʵڳӷ籩¶֮ǰɽѾ˻ʹҸ򣬻Ͷӷ˻ֻͣȳӷһ£Щˣͻϵϸ˫еʼⳡӷıѾõ䡣
ỳɽЩ˫Щ˫Ӵ۶ɽЩɽһϺ꣬ľӪҲ˫һ仰˵ǧɣһٸеѽÿһ˫еСһְġ˫Ӵȡӷʲôּ֮ɽЩˣݻڵλϣ½ЩͶ˫Ӵˣֻһŭ԰ˣ
ڣɽȫͶ˳ӷ磬ҲѾ˫ӴˣҪҲһ仰飬Щ˫Ӵ۲ˣּʶ˳ӷʵ֮ˣͻȫɽǵġ
ߣɽߵ֮⣬⻹Ĵ˫˫ӴѾɱĴˣĴ˫Щˣסֻ޷ĴǱϵϣҲ֪ĴʲôطȥĴˣ˫֮ڵ¡
ںˣĴļѾϵǸ˫еˣҸǣȫɽǽϣⳡ䡣Ҳ˵ڲɽǣ֮ͶӷˣĴˣȫѾۼһۼĵطЦչȥĹ
ЦѾסЩͶӷˣǵ٣ЦҲʮֻûȫſֽ֮ǰЦ컹붯ǡ
ڣЩ˶Ѿ׼ʼжˣԣЦж֮ǰȫ֧ӣҲ˫ӴɸЦģÿһʵȻûһ㾳磬ҪɽˣԲ⡣
֪һЦ쿿ǿɾûϷˣӷòıⳡ䣬Ҳ޷ġ
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̧ͷһ֮УͬɫĹâ֣ڻʹ֮ϣγһȦΣͣתţѾγһޱȾ޴磬˫Ӵۿ
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ЦҲסˣ̧ͷǱ˫Ӵһɢâɳӷ߾ۼһâ֮Уһͷ
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Ц쾪
ӷߵĹâиһͷ漴֮У޴ͷ˳·ǧռİ㣬һ羪޹ģ֮ǻԪ硣
âУҲһֻޣһֻޣΪףǰ͵ĳ˰׵ľ룬ǺԶ
ֻޣ˫Ӵۣ˲ͬĺи֮
ӷ˫֮Ĺ򣬹Ĺߣػޣȫ˴ǧ֮⣬ȫˡ
ڳӷڵ۷ʵΪ֮ǿػȫסˡ
ӷ֪ĿƣֻǶʱģҪõĿػޣ뻹ҪϴǧС˫ӴǧҪΪһ·ʹõģҲ˵ӷܿػ޵ʱ޵ġ
˫ӴۼӷѾػ޻еĶϽ»޷еĹػ޵ģҪаˡ
ӣҪƾˡ
˫Ӵ۴˿̵ŭ߳Ůһġ֮壬֮䣬ֱһ塣

塣
˫Ӵ۾Ȼ壬ڲͣϷ
ӷо˫Ӵ۵ڲϵҿӣĴ㣬壬Ļ˫Ӵ۵¾Ŀػƥˡ
УˣҪΪǿ
ػޣʼ̵ʱ䣬ⳡս
䣬ӷһ󺰵ɽǻڵʲô϶֡
˫ӳǡ


3210 ƪ
Ϊ̫Ĺ֮УɽѾ˳ӷ󺰣ҲǳӷѾˣͿɽǵˡ
λʨӴѾˣͿǵˡ
࣬ҪʲôܷԸ
áڿʼ˫Ӵ۵һѾɱˣԣǱҪ˵棬ϾʨӴߵͼˣ޷ֵ˫Ӵ۵ǿƾӵġĴˣϳȥֵĵˣˣϷһħ󣬽Եȫټ
ãǾͰķԸ졣ĴѾȫˣĵ˾ͽǰɡ˫Ӵ۶ļ֣ҲûҪˡ첻˭Ҵ⹬ͱȴǵʬϲȹȥ
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˫Ӵ۱ЩѾܹˡȻʨӴѾ˫Ӵ۴Ǿ㲻ΪԼΪǵļˣҲҪһսġ
ûλҾͲҪ˷ʱˡȽԵټ֮ٶ˵Ĺϵ˫Ӵ۵Ĵңٹ١
áھͶְɡ
Ĵˣҳӭս
ǡ
֮⣬ѾеսзӦ˹Ҳ˵ʲôϻֱӾͳЦ졣
ӣ罻ҶԸ
˫ָһħΪذףԡ

֮һΪһ壬ڸ߼һ̣һ⣬ֱӴؿڡ
˱Աֹͣ罫΢һתֱָЦ졣
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ǣࡣ
ɱң⼸𣿡
粻мһЦЩһЩ˽ʱȴһ
ȫʹڵľ硣

˫Ӵۿ湻ݵģ㾳ǿ߽˳˫ӳǣЩʹڵĶΪľɽˡò˵Ȼ㾳ǿ󣬿ʹڵľҲѽʱ˫֮սѾʼ˵֮£ˣһʹڣѵ˫Ӵ۾ýЩǿȫ
ҲܲôˣԼԵЩʲô磬춼ҪЦǸ赲ɱǡ
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ŭ߳һֱӾͱƽʵЩʹǿߣȫȥ
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Ц˫һŭȴûзΪǸһ˵ûЩʹڵľ磬ȷƽĶ֣ʮЩĽɫҲû취ѽЦ챾Ҳ·һ
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ЦһȻǸͨˣƽҲòȫ

ֻΧķĹͬʱ֣ͬʱЦ߳ŵһıը
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һΪ˫Ӵ۽㾳ǿȫȥˣû뵽Ȼĸ
磬Ϊǵǿ߾ôһǱ߻ûжǿߣ˵ҲҪǧ
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˫Ӵ⻽ϰٸ㾳磬Ѿ㹻ǿˣЦ˵ǧĻǾܳɹⳡ䣬ɲܸ˫Ӵǿ˺ĻҲֻƤëѽ
ǧ֮ⳡһ˫Ҫʧ֮һ˵Ǵѽ
ǾͿһƽܷԸĸƽˡλͽˣϴȥɽˡ
ģһ磬޷㡣ͷȥɡ
ĸƽǿߣһĳȥһҲûͣĴ㡣
ĸƽǾͿĸƽûдˮݰɡ֮һ

Ķһ˫ļһ˵޳ܡ磬ľҲ
ľط֮ʬѾˡ
ЦתһѪӰȫľӰҲˡ
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еٴδ޵޵ſ
ľͬʱȥĸƽǿҲȥ˫ϰ׵ľ룬ȴǿԶԡ
磬ĸа𣿡
ʵͬĸˣʥ޼кĹҲĶ˰ɡ
Ǻãͷһսɡ콫ĸɫϹڵˣʼ䡣
ǻϻʲôְɡ


3211 ƪ
˫ӳȻѾλһߴҲǳ۸ʼɵģ߷֮ϣȴһ㶼Сų˫ӳ֮⣬⻹ʮִǧ
λ˫ӳǵϷλһ֧פҲ˫ľӣʮҡ
ڸô죿
Ӫ֮ڣ׵ĽɫѿھʲôƵġ
ɽѾʼ˫ӴˡʨӴҲѾ˫Ӵ۴ˡҪʱѡһĻǾһҪֵİգ֮صġ
Ŀǰľ˵ȻѾˣɻδ򣬾һݵضûУ֮Ҫ˫Ӵۿ⣬ʵǲ̫ܵġѡɽһվʨӴǱߵĻһʨӴܣˣǵļڣ·һ
ǾȵȵȿɡʨӴǱȫûʤĻҲֻǹɽ֮ˡ
˵ûǾԲߴһ
һ֧ӵһǸ˴֧ʮľӡ
Ӫڣһ죬ȴֻǼνļǶģְλȴǸͬġ
ٵһᣬʱȴӵվ˵ʱƴĸ˫Ӵ۶Կһģȴѵʱ򣬻һ˼һǵġ£ǵĹȥ𣿡
ʼŭղŵĻǲˬ
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ĻóǲˬӣҪˣ˫ӴռϷ磬ǾͲκεĶʨӴռϷ磬Ǿͻϳȥ֧ԮɽǱߡ
ӣǸǽͷݵĽɫˣкá
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ûǲ֣պ˫ӴҲŹǵġҪ֪֧ӣԭģȻ˫ӴҪ¶֣ôܻŹϲءֵǣѾ·ˣΨһѡһս˫ӴһսƷ˫ʨӴۣȫµʨ
ģ泵ɱ˫ӳǡģϹ֧ӣҪų򣡡
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ڣȻԼİ֮£ȫѾͶӷˣǻʲô
ȷ潫ڣ

ڡ
ڿʼǷ棬˷ͬʱ˫ӳǡɱǺֱ˫ӻʹǻ͡
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һ棬Ҳһ֧ӣ֧ӵĽʵжûУ
ǱѾʼˣͿˡǸһ壬˫Ӵۣǡ
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3212 ƪ
ĸ棬˸һʮ·Ĵ˫ӳǽ
ʱ˫ӳڵˣȫͲ֪ʲô£ֻ⡰¡¡ˮ޽˫ӳǸΧ
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ȲͬΪĹʦսȻǲٵģһΧĶܵĳɱѾ֪˸š
ӣӷѾʼˡҲ֪߳ǳӷ˫£ģ˫Ӵ۵ġ
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ţϷμ˫֮սģŵĻҲ̫˰ɡ
ָҵʵѾ۷ˣߵǿߣ̻Ǳ֮⣬Ķû۷塣ҪҲֻһһЩһָӦأ
Ҳ⿴ѽܽ˫Ӵ۵ЩǿȫĻǶڳӷ˵һĺѽҪ֪ϰٵǿߣ˫Ӵ۵һƣܽǿ߼𣬼ⳡ˫ҪǶ˫Ӵ۵ĴǺܴġ
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ָҲţ֪ǿߣǴ۵еơ֮Укܶǿߣټ˫ӻС
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ȻˣͲˡϾһοɲһһĹƽԾʱҲȫûйƽˣʲôֶΣֻҪܽ˴ܣǾʤߡҲİɣ
û˵һսУκֶΣǶϵģܵĶƣıƣֻҪܽͳͳɱǺֶΡ
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ȸ̻𶼿ͻȻֵľŸˣָ˵ȫƽʯ֮ľ硣
ͷ˵˫ǴսѾʼҵȷǰ֧Ԯӷ硣󣬻дӸλǰλ죬Ƚ˫Ӵ۵ɡǸۣ̻𣬾ͽˣǿߣ

ͻһЦĺá̻ղŲ˵ʱʲôֶζҲͲˡʨĵһѾˣǽ죬ϰǿߣȫҪ
̻ɫ䣬˵Ŀʱѽ
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3213 ƪ
ɽڵĹڣ˺ĴѾܶ˫һλĴ󳼸˹вûдĽ죬ΪдӵĽ죬Ѿӵɽ˵ʼڳ⣬ڣлʹڣط壬˫ӴۡҲ˵ɽǽӹģȫûоĹ٣佫Ǹ̵ģӹҲ𲻵κεãܲܣȫ˫ӻʹɱȥɣĻǾۼһ𣬱˫Ӵ۵Χ
佫濪ʼ֣ЩɽǽӹĹܣҪˡ
λǸĽ죬Ѿ˫Ӵ۵ˡҪģǽ˫еݾħǸĲȫ߽˫֮䣬ʧȥʲôķĻǲлɱ˫ӳǵͬʱ˫Ĵң˫Ӵ޷ȥպܶƻ֮ڵĶ
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ܺá϶ǵֶΣЩǷӡĶȫٵ
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ûҲõģһϷѾźˡħǴ͹ȥǱߵҲӦǵġ;ǴҵҪǣҲǼ׵顣֮ǲܾ԰ȫģһС
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е۾ȫɽҪ˵ʲôʵ˵ﶼ飬˶ϣ
ֻܷˡϾЩֻ˫Ӵ֮һҪ֮⡭
̾˿УǸԵУܶ죬ʵ̫ϧˡ
࣬ȻѾͶʨӴۣһҲѾķԸˣЩ飬ǲӦøһʵ
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˵ˣǻֱ˵˰ɡڴҶͬһϣǣҲûʲô塣
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࣬ҿһֵܣڳѽҲѾɱˡѵҵֵܶ²𣿡
ѽ࣬ǡ
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ˣ˫Ӵ۶ԸۣʨӴ۳ӷ磬ΪʲôͲܸһءϷʨӴۣ˵ڵĻһ쵽ģ㵽ʱͳδǧ磬ҲΪڶ˫ӴۣٴαǿƷġ
ȻˣʨӴ仰Ҳֻʱҵֵˡһж󣬻ʨӴۣҵֵܣΪĽʿǸ
ڸ£ӷûкɽ󣬱ˣڳӷƣҵķ񣬵ʱˣܹġֻǸʱӷҪʲô۾Ͳö֪ˡ
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ǺãҾͲҪˣͨ뿪ɡ
֮У˫Ӵ۵˫ðŭ𣬿˫ӻʹ˫ӳѹҧǽġ
ӷ翴һУȴǴЦ
˫ӴۣûУ⣬ҳı˶ʱ˫䣬ڣǿʼˡ
ӷ磬Ȼô̵ʱڣͿı֮һۡӣЦǱʧˡ
治ĸƽǿ߸ľأ𡣵Σľʥ޼źĹĸˣκε𡣻оǣհɣϰٵǿߣҲҪùˡ
ʲô
˫Ӵ۷ۿȥֻڳУԼֵµϰǿߣ̻𣬸ۣгӷǱߵȸָ֮⣬Ȼֶ˾Ÿˡ
ǸˣǾŸˣҸҵĵƣΪģʱѽҲҪһһԼִԼ֣ͬʱҲҪһǿߣȫˡ
˫Ӵŭӷ磬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ѽ֮ҾҪˣ𵽰ǻԪ
ûôװɡ
˫Ӵŭ̻֪ͨЫǣسԮ


3214 ƪ
ȻҶ˷ϣֻҪӷߵһ𣬶ЫӸǱߵȻ̷˫ӳǽԮģʱҲǳռʱ
ʱ䲢ǺܾãʮСʱʮСʱ֮ڣӷߵĽ൱˳Ȼ֮˵Ľչľظǹûģû赲ЦĻǾӷܽ˫Ӵ۸ԵҲ޲ЦסͶӷˣֻҪɽǻû֮ǰͶӷȫⳡҲͲܻᷢˡ
ڣľѾЦ赲ĴڹأڵɽѾʼͨħȥˡɽˣڳռ½ǿžԵİġ
˫ӴۼԼ֮һѾңʱѾ޿ѡˣܲھͽصеȫóɣȻ֮ƽϢⳡңҽЩѵȫɱͬʱҲὫ˫Ӵȫչֳġ
һĶЫѾӵһ֪ӷ˫ѾʼˣЫ֪أĻܵ˳ܳҪʲôֻȥˡǰۣҲΥ˫Ӵ۵ֻһͬ˫ӳԮˡ
ֻ˫Ӵû뵽ǣӷ緢ⳡ䣬ĿģҪȥǽ˫ӴԼıԼ໥֮ͬھⳡ
֮ʲô֮˵ӷƻܣɽǸ鴫ߺ󣬳ӷҲҪ취Լȫ˵ġ
طϡƴɱ죬˫ӳǵľʱΪԱҲֻʼЩѾŸɡ
ķţ֧ӣѾڳڵѾӦ֮£ͻ˳ţֱɱ
ڳڣΧ˫Ӵ۵˫ӻҳԱĴ֮£ҲѾ·ѾΧɱȥ
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ľأ磬Ҫս˳˫ӳǡ
ľظոĸͬǿߴȴӷڽԼˡ
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ӷ磬ǾŸˣͰźõģ
ⲻǷϻҸҵĵƣҿɲ֪ôãԼܹģţҪʱ򣬻иǿ߳֡˫ӴۣΪеҵĵƣҲٰɡ
ȶָ̻ϸۣʱѾʣµһǿˡ
ֻһͬ׹ʯ䣬ŸˣȻô̵ʱڣɱ˫Ӵһǿߵһ룬ʣµֻʮˡ
ͷ˵²̫̰ģֱ̰طɱˣ߰ɡ
ǣ硣
ɱϰǿֻʣʮˣҲҪնɱʮ𵽶ء
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һתӷ纰ȣָ·ˡ


3215 ƪ
½½Ľ紦Ѿе׼ֻҶ˷һ£ǱԴƬɫֱ½ˡ
½Ҷ˷粢½һʵԶ׼ǿ˫ӴҲὫⰢǻԪΪӴĴ½֮һȥˡ
Ҫ½һǳӷǱߵϢȷӷǱߵѾʼˣЫѾȥԮˡڶϳǱߵ鱨½һж߶֮Ҷ˷Ÿҽ½½ͺñ̶Ѩȥģ¾ͳˡ
Ҷ˷磬ⶼѾʮСʱˣ㻹ڵʲôҪǰǴ½ĻǾ͸ϽְɡղŵЩɱùĿɾˡ
ϹұǸӣڳӷǱ߻ûϢЫӴҲ֪ʲôطһɱ˻½Ǳ붾ЫǱսԼֻбΧķˡ
֮ǰĽѵǶЫӷ棬½棬ڷͬĴˡҪΧĻǾͱضἯǿߵȸΧɳһȥԸʮ壬ǶԸġ
Ҷ˷һ仰˵ʮִ࣬Žš
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̰ɣӦÿˡӷ£Ҳûʧɣ
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ɽ໥һۣû뵽ӷӾȻһŮһ֪κη棬һһжй֮޲ġ
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˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵ѽλӷҲѾˡôͿˡ


3216 ƪ
ӷµʱȸָӷߣͺñ󻤷㣬˵ǰ
ڣõˣȫѾˣ緽ǻԪ߱ӷչٵѾۼһôҪʲôͺˡ
ӷ磬û°ɣ̸ǰʵ
ӷ粢ûеһʱشŮ˵⣬ǿһǰĴʵأ
ѾͷڹʱǷֿˡҲ֪ʲôط㲻õģڵʵ˫ӴۣˣκβġΪĸ׵Ķ˵ˣӷȻͲ̫ġ
˵ӷ磬Ѿˣǰ嶯ҲѾ֪ߵѾڸϹ·ˡҪģǽ½ռΪ˫Ӵսĸݵء
ӷ˵ͷҲѾ֪飬Ҷ˷綼Ѿźˣھ͵Լһ£ռ½֮󣬲˫Ӵ۵ս
ⳡ˫䣬˫ӴһʱҲƽϢƽϢʧҲԲСⳡУɽ˵Ĺͷǳ󣬵ȻЩĽʿǡӦɽ飬һǴҾͲõˡ¹ռ½ȻҶ˷뵽ģǽҶ˷ȫȨָӡңں͵͵ɡȹռ½ָ֮ȫ˫Ӵ۶Ծ
ӷʱҲҶ˷ķͷѽǼһҪӣӷ·ȨˣҶ˷һġȻʱҶ˷Ҳ֪ԴΪأҪӻԸҲı˺ܶ࣬ɶһԸ˵ı䣬Ҳǳ׵ġ
ӷܻ֮쵽ڶǲͣ׳ǿʲôԼʵ֮⣬Ҳ֮ô˷һôλϣЧõֶΡ
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ңǶһ壬ҡսʱţҶ˷ҲΪ˾㣬ĸԸԼģһ㣬ľ֮ǰѾˣһҲɡǣҾ͸ӲûˡǸҶ˷磬ľأǼǰǵˣڣȴѾսˡսΣգΣգѵǲ𣿡
ӷ˵꣬佣˵ңˣǻҪţɱˣڲǼƽЩʱ򡣡
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ǡ
ʦʦʦһ𣬶εĹռıߡ


3217 ƪ
Ҷ˷簲·н½һ·Ϲңľأȷ棬½棬ͬʱڶ·Ϊ̵һ֧Ƶ½֮󣬵Ҷ˷ٴӺ淢ͻϮ½ܵǰļлڵ·ɽˡɽǶǰǻԪˣ½Ȼ˽ģԣҶ˷Ҫǽ½ΧҰħȫҳ½ӿȥ½ɿֻšҰĹƵһЧ֮ȫһԽ½¡
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Сӻ治ұΪֱȫ½ģĻͻŴģϾ½ǰǻԪĴ½֮һȻҲСӡȻܱ˫ӴۿУȻƣϴʼڵҲѾ۷ľˡ
ȷڳӷ˵
Ҷ˷ָʮֵλνȹġɽħȥ½ɿֻţϵĹϹҸǵǰ֧ӣǰ湥ͻҲ˵͵ϮȫˣټЩħɵĿֻţ̻û½Ҫһ롣ҲҶ˷Ĵ֪֮ڻûи˫Ӵ۵ľԣһ䣬ܵôĳ̶Ҳö֪Ϊ˱Ҿʵץȴõġ
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ϷɲʶϷȴԿ϶Сֵš
Ȼ㶼˵ˣҲûʲôõĵˡϣаСܽȻ½Ǳ߸ѹסɣϾžһ֣һǱȽϷĵġ
˵֮ǰҲСӣʵôͬҲǸ򵥵ĽɫܾãСӸ㣬м񡣶ϵʣҲʮΪֻһŮĻһΪСĶء
ӣԺһеģڣûʱȥ롣ϹѾʼˣǣȿɡ
ʱ򣬵ҲѾ
˵ӷ磬ʥصλãɲ鵽ˣ
ĿǰûУ˫ӴҲɵҵġõģʥ֮ΨһаķҲȥң˫ӴҲһȥġʱֻҪ˫ӴۣȻҵʥصλá
ʱʼ˵аʱǶ磬ڣӷҲԭԭа˵á
ԭһжԼɵġνĴǧ©ǾŸ˵аضȣҲǸĵطȻȥˣҲٻ˰ɡ
ӷʵҸΪʲôȥ˾Ͳˣ
㻹ˡôõ¹ȥˣҴ̫ˡڵֻһĵطضȣΨһ֮һж֮һţҲӦùȥǱߣߵ飬Щˣɡ
ӷЦһ˵˫Ӵ֮ҲȥضȣߣһսԶûˡ
ⲻҪ޵£޵дǧ硣
޵Уǲʲôط޶֡ŰɣȰ˫Ӵۣ˫֮һһ֮ضȵġʱҲԼУضڼүүҸףʮһλ޵ǿߣټ㣬ʮλ޵ǿߡ
ӷ磬㲻ҴĶӡȻһ֮ʮˣÿһʵ㶼ۼˣǸ˵أǸ˵̫أ
Ӧ˵Ȼǿ󣬵ȴǿġˣտʼʱֻǲ񷶦񷶦ȴģʽġţһн֮ҶǶҪǿĴڣǸʱһ˵ʮ޵еǿкβɣ
Ҿ͵Űɡ
䣬һ۵۵۵Ҳһ۵ȴһ仰û˵
һսУ˭ܱ֤Լܹģԣ飬Ȳȥˡ
ͬʱ½ģҲֳڣȫǱǰݵǣȫһʱ䶯
ˣˡɱˡ
ȫͬһʱ䴫һϢ½ɱˡ
ǵһ֮Уڱ֮ϣվˣȫ½ߵĸ߲
ļһҲ̫ˣȻռ½̷ɡ
ѽڶ˴򵽼ſˣѵʲô𣿡
վıǰ߶һᣬ˵˫ӳǱ߸մϢӷɽ˵˫һ䣬˫ӳ⣬һƬսڶûƽϢЫһʦҲ˫Ӵ۵ȥˣǳӷΪ˹ռ½ǰⳡ䷢ˣ۸û뵽ӷеô죬ûӦ£űӷֵġ
ѱȥ˫ӳǱʲôԸһ֧ӣɱˡ
Ҫ̫ˡڳӷǱɽˣʮ壬еãȣָ½˵ȷǲСѹѽû˫ӳǱߵ֧ԮֱӾ͸˶սǳԿһǡ
ǴϾǵĵ̣½һ㶼˽⣬ѵǻǲɣŵƣҲԽɱ˵ʱϵ˫Ҳѽ
ǵӷɵ뵽飬ѵ벻û´ĻӷӦǱˡ
ʲôǾȫǣ֮ҳɡ
̫ˣҪģǷǷһУ˫ӳǱƽϢٷɡ

ʱһʿܽǰѾʼ½ˡ
ʲôȻô졣ӷɳ˶
׹ȷ沿Ӳ࣬ͼǧˡ
żǧˣӷѾʲô壬͵ˣ


3218 ƪ
ĽʮֵơҲ֪ӷ絽ڸʲôȻֻɳ˼ǧѵʲôıɣ
˫Ӵ֪˳ӷΪ˸ֶΣ˫Ӵ۵ӷԲɳǧѽ˵ͼǧǶһٱҪռ½ҲǾԲܵġ½ߵҲѽʵҲףǧ͸ҽԼ½ǲʲô
ںܵģĳӷ᲻ƺˣ͸˫ǱߵһһԼ˳ӷȦףǾʲôˡԣҲӭսļǧֻһз˫ӳǱߵƽϢ֮㡣
ʱ򣬵ȴ
Ȼ½ŮĹ
˵һȻŮĹӸˡɡ
ǡ
ʱͼһȥʮ߽꣬Ĵ
һںڵĳһɫ˿ۣһװϣĺϴһζոճʱĳӷе
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Ȼ䣬ҲȻ½ȻŮĶӣ˫ӴǱ˵Ȼ½½ϮഫģҲ˵Ȼ佫Ȼ½ͳߡ
ȻӲض񡣡
ȻŮͬһͬݸλһΣȻŮɳĶ½ѾʾȻŮĳ⡣
ǰ֪ĸ׵˼ǷӦ
Ȼӣ½ʱʵûȥ룬½֮һ˫ӻʹ֮¡
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ĽĻʱȥЩѽ
½ǰ𣿡
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Ȼһ£˵ϲģսǰȥǳӷ磬Ȱ˵˱ɡභضвġ
Ȼӣ̫ˡӷΪҪƷ˫ȡ˫ӴۣΪԤ۵ġ֮ǰѾ˫һ䣬½˫ӳǴң˫Ӵ۸ӷ֮ҲѾǲݵˣΪһ仰Ͱء
ҪҪһȥĸװȱ½ȽΧ
ǰһ½ǱָˣָˡȻ½Ǳܸ֧ԮĻǶ½˵ĺѽ
ȻŮų½֮ìܣɱ֧ԮҵĻұһսˡ
Ȼڳӷ粻ݣҲֻܾ콫ⳡսˣ˲Ż١ǰģͷȻ½ĸװȱ
վ˵ȻӣҾɳһȻ
ˡ˶˷ױ֡һ˻ȥͿˡУһһǿߣҲκβҡ
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ȻҲԣֱת߳깬
ڣϳѾ½һжˣЩ鱨˵ʮġ
սӵϢǵĴѾʼˡҲѾˡǲܵˣΪӦѾ˻ǣҪ뿪ȥȷ沿ӻ͡
Ҷ˷粻ǽǲҪ𡣡˵
еʱǱҪӦ䡣ϳ忴һԪ죬ʵô
˵ûǲܴˡϳȥ
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½Ҫȥʲô
ؽҶ˷˼ת˻룬Ҳԥ˵Ȼ¹شȥǸʲôȻ½
룬Ȼ½·Ҷ˷ҲѾˡΪʶصĹϵͬʱˣҰ·߸㣬ǰһҪҵ
İɣͶ
ͳȥڳȥļǾҪˡ
½걻һţ½Ľŷһ޴ĵǱ˵˹еơ
ϹҴʮսţǧѾ½֮⣬ӴĴ½ʲôأԼôҵһֱɱ½ǵķǲô򣬶ǰ׷ġ
ľظҲѾϵˣ·ȷ棬ֻǷģҪô򣬸ôĸʵҶ˷Ҳ֪Ϊڻûõ½鱨
ľأ硣½֮һʱ֮䣬͸㲻ýʲôλأ
½ǣȻͳڣֻҪǸɱȥͲдˡ˵
ⲻǷϻ𣬿ĸ򣬲ͨǵأ
ľأô
ľЦΪʲôҪһ·ɱȥѵ½ħ󱣻ɣУҲûôӴħѽ
˼ǣ
ֱӷɵ½λãչƲͿˡ
ûǻȸƨѽֱӴг½λɱȥ
˵ɱֱӺըҵĺ֮ľصʥһ𣬴֮У½λչըЩһȫըϼȥ


3219 ƪ
Ϲңľأ硣ˣŸԵʮսţһʮսţÿһսһˣҲ˵·ȷ棬ƲǧҪǧ׹½Ǽֱǲܵ顣Ҷ˷ȻѾˣϹҲκεη壬ѵʲôŶԥ
½λãҲǵϿգ뻹ǳߣΪɵ̫׵Ļ»ᱻ½˷֣һ֣Ϲ·ȷ͵ʧȥֵʸ
ϹҲκεӣȻҪռ½ȻԽԽˡһŻ棬ѾϹҵ˫֮ð˳Ҫ½ǽʱȴֱľظֹסˡ
ȱ𼱡
ľһֹϹҿɾûˣ˵Ǽһ֮ǰҶ˷ǵģ㶯ֵĻ½ˡҪˣҶ˷粻ȫҲͰˣ㻹ҽһﵽʲô˼
ϹƢһͬ㡣
ľҲǳصģ˵ӷôˣôʹͷأҿǻƴţһ֫ͷԼ򵥡ѹҶ˷粻һȷ棬ҪΪҶ˷粻֪Ҹ粻ʺȷ沿𣬰ɹΪ˿סϹңġ
ľأʲôʸҴţֵܵ֡Ҹ㣬Ϊһξ͵ɪҴţֵΪ縶Ҳû١ѵΪǶĻѵǼȥƻ𡣡
ľŭǿڴֵķϣھ㡣
ǾҪûǸˡƽţǰɣҲƽ𡣡
Ϲһŭȫȫľء
ҿ
һϹһ綼Ѿƽľˣϴε˶ѽ
粻ϹҸľش˵ʱ򷸺ͿҪĻ½һ򡣵񣬴Ϊء
ľظϹͬʱһգӣ˵Ҳ֪صġ
˵ϹңҲҪôľ˵ûҶ˷Ϊ·ȷͬʱҲɳ·ȲǣɽǱߣҲҪԵģȽģҲһҪɽǡҶ˷֮ǰû˵֪֮ѾĲˣܶ飬ͲҪ˵ﶼġ
˵ΪʲôɽȽ
Ҳ˵ǽˣҶ˷˵ɽǽ½ΧҰħȫ½Դ½Ŀֻšһ£ڵоֻŵ֮£ٷǲǱֱӽЧҪõĶءȹģȽоľĸõоľĿֻٷĻǵо뷨ûˣΨһģܣƴܡܽǵľİǸʱǱߵĽҲӦ÷ˡǰߵĽøոձĵоٴλεĻ֮󣬳ٷܹ׾٣½
˵ķǳеֻǹռ½ǹ˫ӳǡ˫֮սոտʼʱɱһǧ˰ٵĻⳡ˫֮սҲͲôˣƻû˫ӴĴ棬Ѿˡ
Ҷ˷뷨ľҲǳףҲͲֹϹҹˡ
ϹֻӼ˵㣬رڻƴţս֮Ӿ͸ˡӼⷬϹѾʼ˹
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һƣֱͣ߿գҰްĺ˷ڸ߿еϹ˶ʮ
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ܺáϷȥغϣڻǵжʱ򡣡
һ棬ǣĹ֮ڡ
սȻߣ߾̴Ϣ
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ڻʲô±½Ҫġֱ˵ɡ
Ұħޣ֪ʲôˣȫ½ӿ˹
˵ʲô½ΧҰħޣ
ûǳ࣬ڸǵȥ
ԭǳӷļơȻô½ΧҰħ޶½йӷ磬½ΧҰħޣǿɲܼģôһ㣬ĳУЩҰħ̤Ϊƽء
ڸô죿
ô죬֪ͨǵȫۼǡпԱ٣ǵЩҰħ֮¡
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ͳͳǷˣϽеġ
߻δ꣬ǵĸ߿֮Уľһ󺰵ʱˣۼеĳнкըסеȫ
ǡ
ڵʱˡ½㣬ҳ˵ˡը

Ϲȸһ޴Ļ򣬺ԥƽֱӾͳȥ
ͬʱľظ磬Ҳ֮ʥƽΪһһ򣬳ȥ
ʱ֮䣬ǧͬɫ򣬷ǰСĲͬϵǡ


3220 ƪ
ڷԸˣϽеǵ˵ǧͺڻ¡û꣬ȴѾסˡ
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𣿡
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ӵʱ䣬ѾȫˣǧĴָ֮£ŭнǧ
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еսѾ죬ǧȻ޷̼£һ׹䣬ǳˡ
ƽ𡣡
еϾ˹ѹֳӷֻôˣЩҰħ֮⣬ӷȻɳƽǿߡ
½½Ҳ˫ӳǡֵȻҲ㾳ǿߣȴûеƽľ磬Ͳȥƽǿ߿ġ
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Ϊʲô
ֻǧ֪ʲôطʱȥˣĵطָѽҪУ飬ͽǰɡ
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ȻˣǾֻγɷˡħȽеĹƸֵס
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3221 ƪ
Ϲ´û뵽ճȻôȥҲԻҵʽģԼǱ̼ɱⲻɣ
ʲôôɱȴɱôˣھȻȥ
ϹҸеƣѵ½ǸӣôĻǻ粻ء
ľ˵ֲɵӡɽǸħ޳Ѿ½˿ֻţƽĺըмǧĺըʱĴѾȫţľҲȫʱΨһģȫ濪ս
ʱ򣬻ҪѾûˡɱȥɡ
Ϲң֮ǰΪ˵ȴһõʱȻʱѾˣôôɡҪһ㣬ǧҪһʼͽȫľˣΪķҲܻףҲֻиһɫˣҪ볹ƳķҪǵĴȫɱС
Ȼˣǻëѽ͵Ҷ˷ȫͬʱܹɡ
СȫٽĻǾͻ㹻ʱȥǲܸ˿ʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣҪǶɻҲСԣķжôǿǶֹͣ磬߰ɣĺ֮ҵʥһķ
áˣɱȥ
Ϲ̾˿ǰ״򣬴Ҳûãֲܲ
Ѿˣƨѽץ㣬Ҫÿ
ϹҲȥ
ڣ˵ȫǵ˶Ѿڹ֮ˣҪϷǽȻǾҪֱӳˡ
ʱĵˣԼǵˣҲʵΣ˵ǽǾǱƵ췴ʱڲǲҵġ
Ǵʵ̫ˣȫŽڸɲѽ
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ǺãϷԸȥ
飬飬顭
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̧ͷǻƽǱˮѽû뵽ʵ۷壬ȴεıСѹͷˡ
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һϽħſˣܱ١
ˡ
ľظ磬ŸԵսţֱӾͽ֮⡣
ڹȺȴܽħıУʱǧĵˣȻ֮ԼЩ˵ǰ
λ½ļһǣʵڲ˼ˡǱǲɱǵģǸҲ̫ʶˣʱȻͶǾֻˡˣ֮󣬿ǧҪǣҪֵĻҪҵĻɣΪЩ˵ġ
ľػһһ״ϣһѴ󵶣С
Ҳһ׽ɫף˫֣ľͬʱһɱ
ҪǣѾЩˡҲܳжΣգӳȥɡ

ǡ
ৡ
ϡ
ľظ飬ŸԵʮսţΪֱӾͳȺɱ˹ȥ
֣Ͻţͷ­һĵڵأѪ֮䣬֮ĵȾѪɫ
ľظǱϾ٣ǧˣǵڶ࣬ڲҷ֮£Ҳܵѽ
ȺȺǵĸƴܡ
ľۼ֮أҶ˷˿ǰһ⾵Ѿʾǵ
Ҷָӣʱˡ
˵
š̵֪ͨˣ½ĺɱȥϹҵ˻͡ȫ׼½ܹ⣬֪ͨͽˡһСʱ֮ڣ½


3222 ƪ
ӷλڳϿգʱ˫۾ҲѾ½Ǳ߷顣
ϹҵĹķħ󣬶ľظǽŴɱ
˵ʵľظӷ粢ͬϾ޵ģ˫ǱͶӷҲǣһǲ֪Щ᲻Ͷ˫Ӵˣǲ֪Щл᲻мϸڡ½ֲһϾߵûнӴ˫Ӵ۵ģֻη˫Ӵ۰ˣܽ½ߵ£Ȳ˵ǸһԿ˫Ӵ룬ЩȥЩС½ǲġ
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УҲѾյˣÿһ˶һѪر̣ͷɫĳϣѪһڲͣĵЩѪԲ̵ģǾǵ˵ˡ
̵һ·ֱɱȥģȴûа̵ֹͣɱ߳߿
һҲѾµ˸ţ˵û´ĻӦǴ½֮ɱİɣ
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ӷ磬ˡ
Ҳǵڶμˡֻϧϴûɱ㣬죬ǲٸĻˡҳӷӲҪɱ㣬ˣǶ˵һ޴в


3223 ƪ
ӷ磬ԸҸͼˡ
ľȫѪڣɻûɱ
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ؿĵȥսɡ֮ǰԸʨӴۺҵĴսһŶ㣬˵Ҳˡ


3224 ƪ
תԳӷ磬˿̵ĳӷҲѾӷħϷԡ
ԵĻӷȻΪáֻϧ˫Ӵ۵Ƭң첻òӷҲòɱŻɽպȻɾ޴вġ
Ҫ˵κεȰ̬֮ȣѾ㹻ʾľġֵµȻԸԴǳӷҲֻܽһˡ
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ûһʵǾֻɱһЩԼļһʵһ嶼ûУҲܳɾͰҵ
ӷԳڣɱˣԼѾǲˣЩӷɱУߣȻҲǿߣкܶǿԭڳӷ֮ϵģȴӷһĳԽһĻɱ
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ⷬҪͶƵģɳӷЩ¶֪ڵ̫ˣٴȥˡ
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еħ޵ıҲȫ˳
һҪԱҪԱһһﵽһʲôЧ֪ܲܶԳӷ˺Ҳ֪һ֮һȫĻ
ӷԱĳҲκεӣѪԪؾ֮ϡ
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ٴֱӷ磬ӷʥ֣¾


3225 ƪ
Χ˵˸͵ûӷƵģڸæ顣½չռȻҪֲ½սĲ֣зֹȻ½Ǳߵ͵ϮһеһУҪĲúãͻᱻ˴ֲǸʱ½Ҳ͵ڰ״ˣ
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ӷʥ֣˫ۺݺݵģûаĿԼǰһ壬Ϊ룬Щ¼һ˳

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һһƣԼǴԵħޣɱȻķһĽһġ
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Ǻã²˳٣Ͼ͸ȥ򡣡


3226 ƪ
ʱ䣬½ѾշˡɽǱ±ȽϷ㣬Ͼǰ˫һ󳼣Щ˶ٶӵģµľѾ޷ˣ齵ĻǾ·һ
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ӷڹǰһű֮ϣűǰģȴѾڳӷˡ
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˵ҪһԵֵ˫Ӵ۵ķǹɷ˵
ûλڶǰڤ֮ڣɶˣػšҸյǻԪʱ򣬶ԶжҪĻһжġ
ȻˣΪʲôֱӽǱߵ˴أ
Ѿ˵ˣǱ߻ҪȥԸûʱȥ⣬˫ӴҲһ֪飬Ѿɳȥˡ˵ҪģǸ˫Ӵ۵֮ǰȥ򣬽
ⲻ⣬Ǵһȥһ˾ˡ
˼ڿûǡ
ľ˵ʲô˼ûǣ˫Ӵ۵ô죿
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ӷָָԼͷ˵һľأһ磬˫Ӵ۵һԸ˰ɣ
˵Ҫǻһ¡ȥԸ壬ȥô
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ѽ֮ǰһϹңͲľشˣڻҪָپǰ˸Ҫ֪پǰ˸ʲôˣӷģһʼʱ򣬾͸ľظˡľѾվ˳ӷߣǰ֣پһӰġľָپǰ˸ǲ
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ʲôȷģȷҪȶԸҪȫĶࡣϾڵʵû۷壬ȥԸ壬Ҳġ
ӷ˵ǾˡھͷһҲ˷ѡ


3227 ƪ
ǰıڤ壬ԼҲԼĳС񣬱ڤڱڤغĴ֮£ȫͶ˳ӷ磬Ϊ˵һӣӷս˫ӴۣƷ˫ôڤǰȻļӹܡ
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ڵĿȻѾӹ˱ڤǣҲ˫ӴȨǵģɿϣȴûǰڤһ룬ȫµĿǣǵ˵Ȼȫ档
ЦǷǵģΪģҪȥУһΪĵطǶõ֡
ļѾˣڵļΪãǰãӹ֮ܿ󣬾͸Լһ֡
ôſվڿ⣬ӭӵĴ˫ӳЦ죬ÿһϵı飬ʮֵࡣ
˵ǸЦ˫ӴߵĵһˣֻҪǸ˹ϵ˵ͿٴλصǰĵزԽѹȥ
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ȻˣǲȥĻ硣ãһͬ⿭ˣˣɡϣˣʲôʵĻǧҪʧźá
ľܷģģԲλʧɡ


3228 ƪ
˿ǺЦľأһֱ˿塣
Ѿ׼һӵľƲˣڿдѽ˫ĳ֪ķﲻ𣬼ȻˣǾֻܽүһˡ
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ңЦʵ̫ԶˣҲҲЦ첻עԭɡ
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һ֮£֮ϣѵЦ죬Ҳ֮Ļǿ԰㵱һʹˡ
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Цߵһŭ
󽫾öŭȻľ˲Ը˫Ҳǿѡÿһ˶ÿһ˵·ѡˣǵֻ·һҪȰ˵λųӷ磬к³ġ
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˫һת˿ã˿õǰһѽץס˵Ǿ鷳һ£ȥˡ

ģϷǼǿûꡣ
ûѵбµĻԼˡ
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ƽȥǿߣǸ򣬾͵ġ磬Ҵȥˣ㲻Ҫ˺ҵˡ
湻ʶġǺã߰ɡ
絥һӣ̱֮˳
顭һЦЩ֮䣬ȫ˵ϡ
Щħ󣿻סǣľأҲˣбµĻͲҪǺ⿭ǵġȥɣ˿ܾˡ
ã͸Ϲȥ
Ц캰ֹǣǿ򡣿˭ҷ뿪⿭ǣš
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ǡ


3229 ƪ
ЦһлǳľظϡһȻ·Լһ·ǣһ·Ѿȥ˶
ȻЦʵǿҲ֪ӷǰȻ֪Цôܻðôգһǿ߶أԭЦǿߣѾˡ
Ǳһ˸͹ȥûһǿҲǺѹȥġֻ㾳ǿߣоԵİգ֮ǰȥ
Ц㵽һ㣬ŻµġʹӷǰҲǾ벻Լ·
ľظ粻ҵ飬ЮſֱӸ򣬿ɲ˫Ӵ۵˵֡
ڿЦ춼ںʿôΪ˫ֱӾ˫ԵĻΪ˱ȫõͶӷǱֲǲܣ
ЦǼݣһ·ֱ׷ľظ磬ľظ綼ƽǿߣЦЩҪ׷ȫǲܵġ
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˵Ц첻ǿҪǵڻңǿ岻˫ˡһǣҲѾˣҪȥ򣬶ȡĻڸͲҪҪЮңȻȥġ
ľ˵ʶʱΪܣѡһȷ·磬ſɣҪκεĻɣλѾվһˡ
Ҳ¿ʲôԼ˵ǰһŮˣһһʵߵŮˣʲôĻԼҲͲûȥˡ
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3230 ƪ
ЦղŷȥɱѾأ˿̣һ˵ľӣѾȫ䣬Ҳǽһɳ֮ϣĿȴӰ
ˣǰǶˣȴӰ᲻ʲô壿
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ֻɳֱӽʬˣûķʬңһʬǶģÿһֿĲλɳˣ
Ц죬Ĺݡɱ㣬㻹첻

Ͽգһֻ֣ħޡ
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Ц죬أҿҪлˡ
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3231 ƪ
һͨˣôⰢǻԪȥʲôܽΧЩħԪյҲֻٵĵطѽ˫ӻʹĵطħԪصıǿҲ̫õġ
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ڣħ޳ʱȴ緢֣Լħ޾ȻһصԴԽһеķֱӼȻȥħûеġ
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ˣһľأһЩˣͽǶԸɣͲҪˡ
Цɳĵڶ·ѾľظΧ
ˣǿء
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õġ
ľ˵ϢûҲ˰ˡͰɱһѪ·ȥǵļɣ֮󣬲½̸½֮˵ľؽȥġ
лľˡ
ڲлʱҪǾٶˡ
ľؽʥΧǵģˣˣÿһȴƽľ磬ľͬľ硣
ľعܲôֱ࣬ӽеۼһ𣬳ƽǿ֮⣬һЦ졣ԼǱһεģѾǵڶˣٱĻûиĻˣ
ڡ
ľһףֳִ󵶣һΧԼһ˹ȥ

Ǳľ֮ˣ˿ľȴ֮䣬˫һϣֻһɫľͷ
ҹơ

ľع֮ˣҽһҹֱӳʱ˲һը
ʲôѵ𡣿ȥǵļȻȥɡ
ľأ
ùңɱҡ
ľʮģ˵ʵԼ֮ϣҲɱԼġ
Цһɱ㣿ľأĿҲδ̫˵ɡ£ʰ
ĸƽǿȫ˵ЦЦľأղŶԸĺɫٳ֡
ȻаǾͿаܷ˵Ұɡ
ղűħˣھԲŹˡͬħޣһ
ħޣôĿ
ľվԭһҲɳȴϥģһ
ЦȫͿףľڸʲôѵʵͬвԼаľܵеĹ
֮ǰ˫ӳΪڻҶ˷磬ҵһΡ֮ҵһؤȴû֪Ķ֮ǽ죬Щһʶһ£ʲôĲ֮ɡ
֮
ľ֮ǰҵؤǲ֮
Цɲʲô֮аǰҲܴʲô֮
ľأʲôɡ
Ц죬ɡְ֮ɡ

ľҵؤȻǴ˵еĲĻѹһԭزˡ
Цȴģڹͬʱľء

ڹҪղŶԸһľص壬ȴľǼӲ壬ȫֵ
ⲻܣ
Ц˫۳棬û뵽ľؤǲ֮ѽ
ӣ治ѽֻⰢǻԪ磬Ͳû´ĻͲԼҵİɣǵʨġ
Ц죬ڣ㻹ҷϻʲôҪɱǾͿаܷҵĲ֮ˡŶˣǸˣҵĲ˲֮⣬С󡭡


3232 ƪ
ʲô
ЦƾаĴľδĴʱҲ˿Ĵ⡣Ͼľص˵ǲҵĵģɣȻǳ۸ġ˵Цʵľ֮ϣԲҲӲֱӳľȥ
ľ·ȫʧԶʧģǱģʱ֮ʮֿ࣬ǰһ֣ľصǰתš
𡭡
ľһ΢ĺֻԲ֮ڣȫһ֮ڣľأһķһڲͣƶŷλֻÿһû֫ϵĶľصıһڵϡ
Ц˫һ׹⣬˵ľأû뵽Ȼķңħںһ𣬻һ͵ħʿӣСˡ
ңħںϣһ͵ħʿЦصľҲǳѽЩľ֮ǰɴûù˵֮󣬲ûʹù
ΪЦˣħ޿ԴľرҪЦЩ˸ǹĻ²ǹͷľǲὫʹġҲľԸ˫Ӵ۵һŵơ
ֻϧЦز¶ľؽ컹ŵʹԼڶαˣǸʱ򣬿ɾûиĻˡ
Ц죬ھҼʶһ£ажɡƵҵĲ򣬾ȥ򡣡
ľһ֧֮ǿޱȵĲʵҲǷǳ޴ģһľص꣬ⲻҲʧˡ
ľţ˵һ˵Щػߣ½ģǣʱϣ˭Ҳȡ
Цٴγ˺ڹĺڹΧȥȴ֮䣬ľصķȫֵ
ͬͭǽڰĴЦһʱ֮޷ͻƣľҲκεĽֻһζķء
ǱߵҲѾþ𣬸պòľصĴ֮ڣʱ򣬿Ҳ֪ǸԼЩ˴ղ𣬼ȻѾ˫Ƕ˫Ӵ˵һֱѣҪ뿪½Уһ˫ӴԼɾ군ˡ
֪Ψһ·½ֻͶлȥĿԣ򣬴ǧ֮󣬽Լ֮
ľһϻûУҲҪЦ춯֣㶯ҲЦĶ֣ŲסЦˣһǳˣֻõˡ
Ѿ˶磬Ϊһֻħ޵ĹϵһħʦͿʼҲе׼ӭս
λҪšǳӷǰġ
ɲӲģԼڵҲ᲻ѽ
ħʦһӷ磬̾ͽ£ʵʨӴ۳ӷˣ
ҲˣˣӷͬһϵġǻԪ磬Ϊɱ˫Ӵ۵ġ
Ƕʲô£˫Ӵ۵棬ҲѾˣôģ
ħʦǳԾⲻѽѾǧΪǿķһôġ
ΪҵħڲͬǶôǿķҶǿͨġ֮ǰʱ˫Ӵ۵˴һСģˣ֪ҵħԾֱӽˡ滹һҵͬ飬ڵֵ˫Ӵ۵ˣҽҪλرҴȥ½Ը˫Ӵۡ
ħʦ̾Ļ˫ӴΪ˵õʲôֶζõĳģô׾磬˵˶ĺ
Ϊ׵ħʦһӣǰһ棬гֵǶ
ˣͬ飿
ûľأҲˡֵ˫Ӵ۵
ˣСӵķΪʲôǿ󣿶ӵеĿɲħһܴһȴǿĸ˷ǲѽ֣һһνǧȡ׼̽ȡ
Ҳ֪ľؾȻ˵ͣǼһصҲͦġڿɲľ͵ʱ˵λѾռ½˫ǿƣҲȷ½ȫӷѾȥԸˣʱǵĴΪҪģȻҲѾ˫ӴԳֵĻֻ۷ǿ߽֣ǵķȫ͵ֵסҪǣֵ˫ĽȻѾţȻػߣһйرķǾһͬǰ½ɣһƷ˫
˵ǶȻʨӴ۶ǶжҪǸһȥԸ˫ӴǾԲܵġ
˵ûǼֻԶ֮ڣܳȥһȥǾͱضᱻ˫Ӵ۵ġǲԼѵǾͲΪǵĺֻΪѵͲǵĺȥĻʱȻΣգҲضҪһ̣Զ֮ڣҲãػҲգûġ˵ˣȻȶĴڣǾͱضôţڣôѾˣǾԿ˫Ӵ۵ġ


3233 ƪ
Ļö˶Щ򣬳һľͼ֮⣬δ뿪һҲ˽⣬Ӳ֪ľʡ
Ȼ˵ھ֮࣬ҲǴΣյģһṳ̂ʲôء
Ϊ汲ĹأҪػĻͲһľͼ뿪ˣˣҲ½뿪ġ
򳤼ȫ˵ɵ̾˿Ȼֿ˿ԱߵһȺˣȫǶδϣɾЩˣ˵Ļеһ˷ܣܲ롣
λϣĴսѾʼ֪ÿһεĴսһʱ滻Щڶ򣬴û뿪˵ʵ磬Ϊ򳤵ģҲʮֵܶʱξľ磬ҲʮĽͼСӣȻѾˣһУһ˵ȴѾ㹻ˡ
Ҳûκεļɻ䣬ֱӾͽ뷨˵˳
ħʦ໥һۣȻ󶼿ȫˣʵǣҲͬ뷨𣿡
ϣԵĻǶ뵽ȥֻħ˵һ㶼һӶͬһطĻҲͰ׻ˡλͬ⣬뿪ȥʶһ¡
ħʦʱҲö˵ʲôˣνʲôעһطĴȫˣڣȥǸʵ磬ԼֹĻµͷҲʲôý
֮˵λͬ⣬ǽ죬ͿԴǰ½ӷѾźһСڳӷǸôˣǶӦ֪ǾԲẦǵġ
˵Ҫȫ˸뿪ȥͶӷҲǲԡҲߡҪӦһ¡
ȻħʦйرķҲ˵Ȱȥ֮󣬾Ϳرˡ
λ˵ֻҪĵģӦǡ
Ƕȥģǵ󣬵Ǽʶľ磬ҪʱǱҪȫĽǴ
ԥһ£˫ȫһɨֿħʦ˵ΣΪ˵ֻҪܽȥʲôҪҶҪӦҲҪȴӦǲҵĵˣҶҵҲżİҲƭǡ
˶٣˵ʨӴ۸˫Ӵ֮˫֮սһһսνսģƻκһս˵Ļȫǳ̸ģ˵޷֤ܽЩȫԼҲ޷֤λҲˣҵѾ˫Ӵ۵ֻʣħˡ̹֮棬Ҳ֤ҵĳɡȻҵΧ֮ڣڳӷΧ֮ڣΧ֮ڣϣκһģܶ飬ǿƲ˵ġ
ѵ̹һѽʱ̹ϣȫûκκôġ
˵ĻǺ⡣˵ģȴǺܵġ
λҲҪ롣ˣ˫ӴۻŹ𣿵Ӵˣ˫Ӵ۶ŹȻˣǣǣΪβһƴءƴˣϣƴĻȵ˵Ҳסǡ
ħʦͬ˵ҲգȻ㻰Ѿ˵ˣǻʲô˵ġȫˣ߰ɣҲˡʨӴã˵ϹͷѾ߲ˣΨһܰģˡ
˵λϣѵ
򳤣Ҫ˵ˣȻǶѾˣҲѾˣڣͽ׵Ľɡ
ħʦڵħͬʱʱ֮䣬򣬶
λʲô缱ħʦڡԱѽ
ҪĿرΨһķػߵѪΪ졣ҲഫģػߣֻѪõء
ϸ򳤣㻹ʲô̽Ϲͷֻܱҵˣ·ҪԼˡ
λϡ
ȫ˵ĸҪֹħʦҲû֪ԭҪ뿪ҪħʦģǵѪļ
顭
޴ıըħʦѾûκεԥˣΪ֪ˣҲֵ˶ãĻڶˣҲԶȥˡ
ȫˣˡϣǿԸʨӴۣڲõĽһȫµĶϿǵģսʱ򣬲ҪηȻѡ·ǾͺңʲʵɡػߵѪ죬ɡ
¡һеɳȫۼһȻתγһŲ籦չ֮С
ͬʱ֮ǰǲҲʧˣ磬ҲѾԳˡ
Ц쿴гֵľŲ籦˷ܵѵǾǴ˵е𣡡
ľصЦ죬ӵĲɡ
ľأϺľʲôֻһľֱӶȡˡЩˣҵĶֻ֣ʣħˣӲҵĶ֡һΣ䶨ˡ
δءȻֻħޣãɵôܻٴ߹һŶˣһ·½
Ǵһ·ܣҲ׷ǡ㣬һľȫͲҪҶֵģΧɳ棬ͻὫԵѾһˣڶΣħҲľΪЩɳʳ
ʱЦͻȻоɳĵ£кܶûӦͼһֱֻ֣ץסľصıȻɳһҺľǻˡ

ľش󾪣ˣɳ֮£Ҳʧˡ
Цһŭ壬Ȼҷ
ˣǰɱ壬ڶصЩ£ʮ֡ѾΪʮȥǸͲ֪ľرһ·˴ˡ
ûõķϻ׷˶·ܣǾͷֶ·׷ɱȥ׷ɱˣһܷŹ
ǣˡ


3234 ƪ
γһŲ籦֮ӵ㣬Ϊһ⣬ҪĶȥϣʱЦͻȻɱ˹ۼһаֱ֮Ӿ͹
вãӵγ籦ҲûκηʱЦõĻᣬһĳ֣Ȼǹˡ
ľصϢ𽥵ʧȴˣǳԶȥ֪ľѾΣԼ⻹ûļõЦͳ˹ľأһӻѽؼʱˣҪħ֮ôȥԸЦѽ
統Ȼ֪ľصľǿľؾߵĻľص³Ҫϼʮˡ
ɲôЦѾɱ˹ħ޵壬ҲҪȥֵģЦõǺɾˡ
򳤣ϴȫ뿪ֵǼһ
У棬˫Ӵ۵˶ȥôԵλϡ
İɣǴҲ˫Ӵ۵õġ
Ҳһ˫ɫĳһֱӾͳЦ˹ȥ
Ц죬Ҫȡȹһذɡ
Цʱ򻹸ҸԼԣЦһֻħޣҪɱ꣬Ҳ֮顣һֻʣħˣҲ̫áڣȻҪȡҾֻˡ
ңɲ˵ġܴѵа𡣡
ৡ
ЦǺڹٳ֣ڳԹһο󣬾Բοˡ
ȫĽʢȻѾˣɺ֮ڡ
罫еȫۼǵ֮ϣʱ֮䣬ͼĵϣһ⣬ЩЦĺڹһ𣬾Ȼգ֮䣬Цļڹˡ
ॡЦ춼Լ۾ŶͣЦǵͣôܻԼ
ԣ⡣
ЦʱͷӦ˹ľŲ磬Ҳĵơֻľزͬŵƣ֮ǰҲǲ֪ģΪͷһзҲ֮ŵ֪˵粻ʩչʲô֪֮ǰǲö֪ġ
Χɳڣһֻֻɳӳɳ³˳漴ֻһĽ⣬еɳȫʱ򶼸е˼飬ַ·ǿ˳ӷɭɭƵġ
ʲô
˶סˣΪоЩɳ棬ȻԼסˣԼɢҲԼԭͬˣΧħޣɳڵģħޣȫס˰㣬߳
ЦĸԼ۾ղǱЩɳԵģڣЩɳôȫסˣ
Ҳ̫ѧ˵ɡ
ѽ̫ѧˣⰢǻԪ磬пѧ
ȵʱ򻹲֪⵽ô£ȴԼ²⵽һǸӷйϵӷӦڽԼӡڵʱ򣬶ԼʲôֽţֽţʱȻӳ书Ч
ǡ
ƣǶЩɳĿƣʹֻɳۼһ漴ֻɳڣ˽⣬ϵĽںϣ̻ͬ㣬ĵ⣬ɳڳ˳
ⲻܣ
ЦĸԼ۾ֻɳĽȻǡ

Ǳֻɳô˳ĸλȻΪһ壬ˣҾͳħ޵ǰ
ħ֮ĹͲҪʲô߿ٵĽΪһ塣
ӷ磬ôһôȸ˵һ¡ǡ
û绹ǵģںĵʱԼħǸʱħԼԳĶԸ˵ġɺӷˣԼҲӷˡû뵽ӷڽԼӡ֮󣬾ȻҲںԼ塣
һ
´ϲ˵Ѿ죬ǰˣھȻԿЩҰħˣ
Ұħޣ
Ц˶һһģɴû˵ʲôǿԿҰħ޵ģһͬһʱôࡣҰħûб˽˭
磬Ȼôһ֡
Ц죬û뵽ɡĻԵѽ걻ӷӡʮʱ䣬û뵽ӷȻ˵ֽšҲħ޿ԴԽһеķͬʱҵı𻹿ԿһҰħޣҲ˵ԵģѾǵһˡ
һ֣ɣΧеҰħޣĵˡ
Ц쳯ΧȥҰħޣȫԼΧʱûнӦǻûõ
Ц죬ղŲ˵Ҫɱҵ뿴ôɱ
磬ܿеҰħΣܱԼѵЩѵס𡣽һҪߣƾƵЩҰħޣҲ첻ɡ
첻ĵ֪֮
ЦһҰħޣҺ
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ͬˮ޵ȫͬһʱ
纰򳤣Ȼȫȥľػ͡һҸôҰħ޶Ը޷κεв
ҲԥϾĲһˣȻ˳ǾҪ˸Ҳܹħʦ
ǺãǾһԼСһ㡣
סľػͺ˵ǵȻȴȥ½ңùܣԼȥġ
䣬ֶЦ˵Ц죬ڣսɡ


3235 ƪ
ųǧҰħޣȻûйռ½ʱɽǾЩҰħ޶֮࣬£ħѾ㹻ˡ
ЦЩҪȥ׷ɱľظ壬ж֮˵ȫҰħ޸סȥ·һҰħƴɱЦͳͳ׹䣬һҰħԡ
Ц죬֮군ˡھһˣажǿ󡣡
罫пƵҰħȫۼ˹ЦΧһȦڡ
ڵЦʱȥö˽½Լεʧˡ
磬еʱ档ڣҵĿ
˵գЦֱȥͻҰħ޵İΧȦֱӳ֮ܵķ׷ɱȥ
򳤴ȥľػͣû뵽Цٶ֮죬գ֮䣬׷
ܡ
á򳤣˫Ӵ۵׷ˡ
ǿܣԸ
еġ򳤣ǵʵ֣ǼһĶ֡ڸôѽ
ȻѾ뿪˶ڣֻƴһˡһض˵Ļǻ̸պ顣
ڣٶҲ죬ųǧҰħҲ׷
Щһ𡣿ܣжܶ죬һᾡȫ赲ġ
磬ҵ¡
ৡ
ڹ磬ڳԹһοôϵԵڶεĿˣʱʧԭأЦȻһתȴ
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а֮ɱԡ
ơ
ɱ
Ц˫ԣǿĲȫˣһ³Ѫ
ʵϾЦ죬˫ҲܣڵϢǴңƵЩҰħޣȫʧȥ˿ƣ˷ɢȥ
磬ûʱɱģȻҲ͹ֲˡ
ЦһеȫҽЩȫѹһ˵ϡ
Ͼ͸оΣʧȥ˶Ұħ޵Ŀ֮£ֵĻᶼûѽ
ҵ뿴λôܡ
ղűħˣһΣЦҲ᷸ͬĴ
ȥɡ
аȫڣֻڣһĺڹˣȫʧȥ㣬ϵľѪҺȫЦаš
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򳤿粻ˣûĻҪЦɱˡ
㡣
ҪȥȴΪأҪҡȥľػ͡
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Ǹոٴһ˿˶ը˿漴һ⣬Ϊһֻ񣬳ϡ
ħûˡħޡ
Ц쵥һ̧һڹֱγɵĽ乭һ˽塣
ৡ
ħޣЦĺڹɱ֮Уö򳤵ˣȫһڣٲܵĻ¾ˡ
Ϣʧһͷ񣬳֮Уһ˵ӷ磬ѾˡͿˡ
һΣ˵¡ֻϧξȻЦģûи˫Ӵ۽սԼˣǰ׻һѽ
磬㲻нˣӷҲܶĹۣ磬𡣡
Ц죬Ҫ˵̫硣һڵģʱˡľأ磬һˣһҪ½ҲĿġ
һľظȫѾֹͣһ̧ͷգľصɫķǳѿ
Ȼսˣ
ľڲ˵ЩʱЦϾͻ׷ģٲߣǵ³ͻһˡ
СסҾˣЦõĻôȥ硣ɱȥ˸
ˣҲЦĶѽ
ʱľǵϿգһ
ľأ˵𣿡
ϳˣһʮսŹ
ľؼϳˣ˵ģ˵˾Ͳʶ𡣡
ѽʦȻ֪һµģԾͽ֧Ԯˡأ
ľص̾˿˱۾˵Ѿսˣ
˵ʲôˣ
ǵģǱЦɱġ
Ц죬ɱ磿ҿЦˡƽľ磬ôܡѵʦ˵ΣЦ죬Ͳͨˣ
ľ˵ûЦҲаһǴаѾɱױĨɱˡ
һ磬ˣġ٣磬ˣסġ
籣ס˶ˣڻں棬Ҳڶ򳤵ˡ
ǺõʲôװȥԸЦ졣ľأ½
ľ˵磬ģһɱЦ죬Ϊ㱨ġ
Ѿ˹УЦ׷š
ˡ
Ԫ죬ʲôȥǣЦ졣ҪסǼһаģҪӲƴľ֮󣬾ϳˡ
ãӭȥ綼սܲɣ󣬻ûȥ
ľ˵ͰλˡǧҪЦӲǶĶ֡
ģˣǲġϾҪȫˣʱ̣лĸɣ͵ɡ


3236 ƪ
ȻѾͶӷˣڳӷΣգǾ˵Ļʲôȥ½
ľȻ½⼸λһԸЦ졣
УѾսΪ˱ǸսģȫôԵ硣ţھˣ齻ǵ˴
ľؼѵסԼӣԼҲ֪Լڵ˵ͼֲ˶ˣһЦɱ˭ҲӲˡ
µľƣͲκʱ䣬˵һһ
ϳ˵Ѿˡ
䣬Ѿȫ˸ϵΪǵһμľǣʱ򣬶˻ԥһ²ʵλʨӴ۵𣿡
ûǾǶϳʵ
ǵġ
ûУ
ѾˡղλǿΪ˱Ѿ
磬֮һӷľһţϳҲ˵ʲôϾʱ򣬳ӷ磬Ҷ˷磬ľأ磬ĸ˵ȷġ
ԭ磬ѹ˵ˣȻǸʨӴġǶˣĴġ
Ҫ磬Ǿ˵ϻھ½ˣ䵽ЦͰװˡϳ壬ｻǡ
ãˡ
ܣ˭ҲܲˡȫҰɡ
áЦ죬ص֮컹ɱ磬ǾԲŹġ
ٷϻһȺ֮Ҳ뵲ҲɡǳӷԼ򣬾ӣҲȲǡ
ľأǻʲô
ˣȫˡ
ϳ庰ЦΧΪľʱ䡣
á
Ԫ죬Ǽ

ˣʯͷˣȫˣһĹâ֮УЦʹķ԰֮أɳ
ľصʱȫ½˭ҲƬ̵Ķľ˵첻ᣬǶԲ硣ΪҪڻܵġ
ʱʵֻҪˣѾվһ𣬾ģӦѾվһ𣬲ǻŵģѾսġ
֮ǰĻƴţڵ磬ô֮󣬻жء
ͬʱڲɽ£ӷѾˣɽҪײģܽ˫Ӵ۵䲻̫ܽࡣ
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ӷ磬ʲôʱ֣ʵ
ʱֱɱȥĻǶǲϾڻǳرǼ˫Ӵ۸ۣڲ壬ǲö֪ġ
ûȫ׵ļƻˣ
ĿǰûУҲֻһһˡ
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Ѿսˡľˣưϳ˹ȥ򡭡
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Ѿ֣ȴġ֮ǰҽӡڣĳ䣬ڹؼʱ̣ܷӳؼáû뵽ѽ׼˫ӴҲ׼
ӷ磬˵˫ӴԳ֣ɱ磿
Ц졣
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ЦصĿ湻ġҸղŸоһаû´ĻЦӦӵа˫Ӵ۽ġ˵ĻЦôɱ磬شľء
û뵽ξȻס磬Ƿġ
ѽˣǷģԣǹɽֻܳɹʧܣЩˣҲûȥˡ
˵Ǳ벻ɽǵɽׯȻƣ
ȵһ¡֮ǰɽȥ˫ǱˡҲӦҪˡǾãȽЩ˴ɡ
ӷ˵ţͼ֮ʮ֣һȫ㾳ǿߡ
֮ǰļǿߡ
ãǡ
嶯ֱӶֵĻһᾪɽׯġ̻Ҳ֪ʲôطһǸպҲʱͻģʱЩ˫Ӵ۸ۣ˵֡
ǵ𣿡
ȡűӦö˰ɣ
˼ǡ
ʮǿߣѾ˲ɽ£ӷ֮زͬ
磬ǿʧѽû뵽ôǿߡ
Ҳû뵽ӷȻͻȻһ֧ʲôġЩһһ򵥣ЩһֵĻһô˵ġ
Ÿˣͼɱˣѽ
˵֧ǵʨġ˵ʨĲǿһɿ¶ֿµѽڣڳֵֻǾŸ˶ѡҵȻȱ׼½ǿҪеȥһԾͽĴˡ
Ҫ˵ôˣȻȥɡ

ʱһЦΧΧͣĻصš


3237 ƪ
ʮҴ㾳ǿѾزɽ˵̻ǻȱģӣ˫ӴѾ׼Ҫʼռ½ˡ
ӷһ˲ɽɽ£պþ˷Щˡ
ʱӷǲЩһ벻ɽģڵǿ߼пܾҪ㳲ˣǶ½Ǳ߿൱вԵġֻҪߵʱûж½Ǳ߾óֵ׼Ҷ˷ҲãҲգ׼ϣһĵλ˫ӴʱͶ½ܹĻոմĸݵؾҪ˫Ӵ۸ȥˣ
ڳӷҲò뵽һ⣬Ǿ̻ΪʲôֱʶߵҪ˻أе̫߼˰ɣһʶͿԽҪô鷳̻ϺͿ
ԣ⣬һģҪȽ̻Ϊʲôһٵӷ綨Ȼġ
ʮҴǿ߸Ҫ벻ɽʱȻһЦȫֹͣ
ʲôˣ
ʮҴǿͬʱתͼУһǿ£漴һϵӰǿг֣ҽĽڵأʮǿߵǰ
ʮǿһˣ̱ϹϾΪߣȻ̻
ôˣǱߵ鶼Ѿ𣿡
ӷ緢ʱϰٵȴŸ˶ԸˣֻʣǼˣǵɣǻỵ˴۵飬ԲϷԻһ˵ġ
ϴγֵЩһ˵ǵʨȻŸˣʵҲ֪ġ
ϷȻǵģֻ۲ˣϷҲѽ
ҵڴǰԼ䡣۽Щ壬ΪպһսڴսδʼǾʧȥ˴۵εĻЩǵŬҲͰ׷ˡ
ҲգҲѾôˣȻǴعˣϷѾһˡȻص֮ϷȻΪ˵˵ġε飬ǿɲôʧˡ
ģǱǻģʵʵΪǲ֪ġǻҲΪ˶ĿǱߵ˷εжġ
жʲôж
̻һ䣬ʵ̻ǼðģǳӷñģĿľΪ˴Щһϸ̻Ϊʲôʶǲڵ˻ġ
ڣӷԾԿ϶˫Ӵ۸̻һĿĵģֻǱ棬ʵȴԼĶһв
ȻĿģٸϷ˵һΣϷǰûĻȻĽǡǱߣϷҲԵģǾͲҪˡ
ôҪ飬ôܻǶǲء
ôϻҪ˵һҲΪǺá
ʮҴǿҲҷϻϾ֮ǰԼô˵ȷ̫ˣȻŸԼʮˣŶ˵ǵǾ޴ĴͬʱҲ˫ӴǱ߻ԼЩ̫ûˣֻ˵δ۸ǻҪԴ۵ʶǼۡȻǱ½ǵĴ½ʱЩ𵽹ؼԵá
˫Ӵп湻ݵģȻҪЩȫǱ½ȥһʱӦϣ½Ҫ˫Ӵ۵Ŀ֮𡣶ԼĴսĸݵأҲûˡ
Ǵ۵ʶûŪɣ
ģֻд۵ʶܻѣֱӷųʶᱻӷأԲŻҵȻġ뿴۵ʶ
䣬ǿߵһӣֻһڹС
ӷһȻ˫Ӵ۵һʶӣԼļƻѾˡ

ӷЦһѾ˱仯ѾҪð̻ˣֱӾͱԼӡ
ʮǿ߼Լǰ̻Ȼһˣ֪֪ϵˣ˫˳ӷϣҲѾϳ˳ӷ磬ʨӴ۳ӷ磿
Ȼ֪˭ǾͱϻˡҿһֻҪ˫Ӵ۵ʶҾˡ
ӷ磬ΣҲԲὫ۵ʶġ
Ǻοءˣ˫Ӵ۵ʶͬҪҲ𡣡
ֵǣƴˡ
ƴʣʲôƴɡ
̵ȫ˳ӷʮǿȫǲ̵ˣȴ֪ԼЩ˾ԲܻǳӷĶֵģӷʵ֮ǰѾʶӲƴû
˵һΣǵʶңҷһ·
룬㽫۵ʶˣҲܻġ
Ǿͱҳӷĺˡ
ѵǻ㲻ɡֵǣǱ㽫۵ʶҲŹǵġ
ƴˣһ𣬷εʧܣȥҲ·һ
ƴЩһƴʸûС


3238 ƪ
ӷҪõĶʹûеòġþһеİ취ʹһеֶΣҪõֵġ
˫Ӵ۾Ȼ뽫ЩǱ½½ʱΪӦϵĽɫĻ˵һ޴вϾЩ˫Ӵ۸ۣĿǰΪֹӷ֪ҲһۣǻǸģ򣬳ӷ۶֪
˵ӷԲ˫Ӵ۵ļƻóѣһҪЩ˫Ӵ۸ȫģҲѵõĻѽһۣһ֪֮⣬İ˸۶ڳ˯Уûеõ˫Ӵ۵ٻǲѹġڣʮҴǿߣ˫Ӵ۵һʶҪǰ˸۵ģ˫ӴҲֱӷųʶȥЩۣⱻӷ·
˫Ӵ벻ո½ӷ粻ûۣǸܵɽ
ԭЩѾҴɽȻԼҲ͹ֲˡɱһ
ǡ
̵ͬʱ֣ҲûжԷĶ࣬ʵȴڶԷ֮¡
ӷ磬ΪЩˣͿɱ𣿡
ʮǿȫ˳ɳӷĿֻ˫Ӵ۵ʶģһȤûѽȥɣһʵӷҲǺĵġ
ЩǿҲû뵽ǵһ¡һ죬ʱ֮䣬Χ֮ڣȫһɽׯǱߣͲ֪ɽµ
ӷӰһˣѾǸ˫Ӵʶļһǰ漴һӣֻһҽ֮䣬͵ȥ
˫Ӵ۵ʶӷУʶӷһõʱ򣬳ӷ͵һ˵ã
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ӷ粻˷ʱ䣬̻ת۾ͻϵڱҪȽǰЩһС

ӷһǺ¡һЩνǿߣһȫը죬ȻһĵҵĵһĿӡ
ֱɱɽׯ
ӷҲϻֱӾͳɽȥ
ɽׯ֮ڣܶѲţɫѾɽׯڳ屾֮⣬һķڣвٵڽЩˣȻ˫Ӵɵǿߡ

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Ի湻ɵģӷ綼ʳɵXˣֻû뵽ЩһĻشҲͦɵXġ
͵ǳӷɡ
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⻰ìܣѵҳˣͲ𣿡
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ǾãЩˣɱ𣿡
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һĺ£һҵߣӷࡣ
ҿһģûҪ̫࣬ǽеȫɣ֮ⲻɽҲӹˡ
ӷ˼ǲɽׯΪʲôأΪҿɱЩһ֮ס
ȻʨӴۣϾǴģҪô󡣡
ʨӴۣȴǸ˫ӴۣҲҷֺѵǾãɱҲɡҿɣȻҿⲻɽǾͻһطٴɡɽ²ֵĸ
ȻҴɽׯǶȻҪȥģɽϻɽ£㶼·һ


3239 ƪ
˫Ӵ۵Щ˻һͷԣӷ缸仰Ǿϵˣֱ׷ɽׯ˲ɽ
ɽܻ棬ڳӷճ󣬾ԵĸӵӷΪȫ׷ɱһ·ϻնɱһˣ⵼ȫŭ㳲Ҫɱӷ硣
ˡ
̵ڲɽµţӷһ׷ɱʱ̵ҲѾ׼
ᶼҪǵֻǻУһ˵ӣ֮飬ͿӷôŰɡ
̻䣬ӷȫѾ¡
ӷ磬쿴ܡͲҪ۳֣ЩˣҪնɱ
治СѽǾͷɡ
ӷڸͲЩһﶯ֣Ҫǵ飬̵ֻ˻ǵУǳӷֱ˵ġ
ȻȻҲѾ֪˫Ӵ۵ļƻǳӷ綨ȻȥҪٴǱɽׯȥǰ˸۸ģû֮ǰһȫѹǾһʮǿ
ɡ
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ϹļһͷȻ˵Ļ治֪ʱһʲô顣
Ҫ˵ôˣᱻֵġֻҪڲӷжͺá
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ʱ򣬴˫ӳǷ⣬Լٶȣɽȥ
ۣǵٶȱҪӿ죬ҪϸϻɽׯС۵ʶѾᣬǶȻǳӷɵġȻӷ˴۵ʶ˵ǵѾ£ӷҲһѾ֪˴۵ļƻ
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˵գֶԱߵ˵зֳۣ˱𡣡
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ۣȻǵһμ棬ʱġû뵽ȴΪʮһε˫Ӵá
Ϊ۸Ϊû취ѽ˭аǸҿסءǲΪõĻǾͲôˡ
ʱʮ۵񻰣ҲѾͷˡһս˫ӮʨʤۣڣеģֻһĴǧѡ
̻˵λ˵ôˡһȥλۣͺпܻᱻӷǶδѣӷֶ˴۵ʶһǷǳ顣
֮󣬴ǱҲѾ׼ĲˡĴս֮󡣲˸һսҲϾҪʼˡҴѾ֪ͨȻ½ǱߣȻ½Ѿȫᣬֻ˫Ӵһ£ͽ·½ЩС½κò˵ںܶ඼ѾռͶˡ
˵䣬̻ˣѾ˲ɽϿա
Ϸħ󣬽ɽӷǱ벻ɽĻҲҪɽڡ
̻ӡֻɽׯ֮ϵİλãһħѾ
ɽׯͬʱ̧ͷ¡
ã̻ѾˣϼһĻѽ
⻹һǰۣһϴδǷˣ
׼һ̻Ǿͱ뾡һа취ȫ赲סǿӷǱߣӷϰ


3240 ƪ
̻˸һأɽׯڵȫӭ̻һԼڵһǱ֪¡
Ļӷһܲ˵ġ
֪̻ʱǸղžͲӦô׷ȥˣһʱҲǺõġ
Ȼӷ綼ѾܵӰˣʱȥ׷һûС
ϷȻû´ӷܵɽׯˡ
㲻õġʲô£ӷѾǸˡ
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ɽׯûʲôĶ̻ʵ

ж໥һۣ̻νĶʲô˼
Ϸ˼˵˳ӷ֮⣬ûзʲô飿
壬ɷġڣӷ綼ֲʲô飬ôܻᷢء
һţӣΪ˫Ӵеǿߣٽ˷Ϊ̻۷Ļ̻𶼲ġ
쵰
̻ͻȻһŭȻһΪû̻ԼЩǰ˵ġ
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쵰ΪԼǸʲôɫأбµĻҲЩɽׯҲˡ
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δ˴ʶɽׯҪǰ˸ۻѵġڰ·ϣ۵ʶȴӷᣬţӷܵɽׯҡΪЩһܴ˳ӷ𣿡
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֪ߵغļһǼҲ硣ˣȫˡ
ǣ
̵ȫΧ
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Ϸ壬£ɽˣȫվ̼˵ǰ
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佣һϹң˵ʲôߡ
ǡ
ÿˣעҪģǣǣһأ˭Ҳ㲻ˡ
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塭
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ĸˣǰ滹мֱȥɽĽأҪԥȥ̻
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3241 ƪ
ը쳹ɽϿеĻħ󶼱ǴĸǿߣҲǾţԴѽȴͬһʱأ֪һôԳ̶ȡ
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3242 ƪ
˫Ӵ۵ʶڿԻٵˣҳӷ绹Ҫ˸˯еۻٵ
еĺڹͬɫĻӣ˫ӳǱߵ˫Ӵֱۣʶֱӽ˸۸ѵġ
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3243 ƪ
½ǱӦѾ׼ĲˣľҲһģѾ½Ǭսɽǳӷ͵ס˫ӴǱҲѾ׼ˣȴԼȴȥ
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3244 ƪ
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飬ӷͬ۸з۵һˣһ̻÷㹻ɸ˵


3245 ƪ
̻˽Եħȫ˳ÿһ˵ĺϿգһֻޱȾ޴Ĺޡ
۵ֻ޴Ϊǳ̬з۵ľзҲǳ̬۵ħڲͬٿ̻ħޣħ𣿷һ̻̬һȫûġ
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۵һֻ֣Ѿһֻػ޸ҧΣзۼԼֻػ޶в̸θӷ翹⣬Ψһ·ܣֻҪͻػ޵ķΧ˫ӳǷȥǻǿԱסһġ
ʱ򣬳ӷ뿪ءȲ˵ɱǬˣ˵ĻǶҲһ޴вѽ
˵ˣӷ绹ҪȻ÷㹻Ը˵ĵʱӷ绹ҪԼȫȥ
ϾһսУû˿Ա֤жսֻҪ˵ˣս˶٣ӷ綼һҪȫģԷԽԽá
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ӷڣҲʱˣûҪٶ˷ʱ䡣
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ػȫۼ˳ӷߣһֻڳӷһ֮£ػͬʱӷȥ
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ӷֱһȭӳҵȭеȫһȭ֮ϣػͬʱһʱ֮䣬ֻӷȭͷصģݺݵĴ˰ͷ֮֮
顭һ죬۵ֻͷӷһȭ͸
˳׹䣬ӷ罫еķһӣ񣬼յھŸ۵ɡ
ͬްĳ׹İۣΪһֻ޴Ұ죬ֱӾͽ۵ҧסȻһھȥ

һҽУ̻зͬʱ󾪡
û뵽ڳӷػ޵ǰõһεۣȻ˵Ĳһ
ӷǧûжõģû뵽ĳӷ磬Ȼǿ˵ĵز
зۣҪԥˡһζĻֻĸ졣ѾûˣѾ׹䣬ӷǱգٺˣǽҪģˡ
̻˵գ̻̬Ƕһʱ֮䣬˶ֵı仯ʮ˶䲻ͬ͵Ļ̻󣬶ʮ˶仨һĸһȥʱ֮䣬̻γһƬԡһеʻȻȫǻģһʳ˻
ӷڿɲ̻ħ޵ʲôһҪģӷҲܻŹ
Ѿȫ۵ˣص˳ӷУֻ۵壬ص׹ڵأ漴Ϊһ̣ʧƬ֮䡣
ţӷ˫Ŀ˾зۣ̻˵֮󣬾Ǿзˡ
˫Ӵ֮ܽǰеȫҳӷҲԽ㸴ͳͳɱң˫ӴۻһѣԭҪľеսĽʿһһ񸴻ģǸʱңҲΪʧȥĹϵһͨˣпܡΪ˫ӴۣҵķѾ㹻ܸ˵ˡ
һзۣз۵Ҳ֮ʮ۵ȫ˷֮ˡ
ӷŭ߳һٳػޣȫΧзۡ
ɾзû뵽ǣҪֽ̻ӷʱ̻Ȼʱħ޵ĻԼȫȫҺзۣʵǱǸˡֵӷһᣬϷӻ˫ӳǡ
̻ȻôһףӷڻҪյз۵ػȫΧзۣҲѾʼˡ
̻ȴʱжܶ죬ӷҪȥ׷֮䣬̻Ѿ˲ɽҳ˫ӳǱ߿ٵķȥ
ӷ磬֮սټɡ
̻ʱ֮䣬ѾҪ˫ӳˣϾɽ˫ӳǲǺܿ졣ʱӷȥ׷ĻɾֱӼȻ˫Ӵ۵ر֮ڡ

ӷһȻСӸˡ
з۵Ѿȫϣ˸֮ǰİһ׹䡣
̻㲻ú
з۴ӷȴεɣ⽫ʱϵһ仰ˡԺҲûиĻˡػޣɱ
顭
ֱӳзۣͷֱӽз۵壬Ѿû˿ײ˷顣
֮䣬ʱҲ·𳹵װӷڲɽĸ߿գػһգҲ˫۳˫ӳǣ½ȥֻڳӷѾ̹ɱѾסǻԪ磬źɱҲͬʱ
սɡ
ӷ絥һ⣬ΪһֱӾͳĲɽȥ
·һը㣬벻ɽһը
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ӷ˫һ٣һ޴ʯӣͷȫѪףȫ
ʨֱӳ˫ӳǱ߳˹ȥ˫ӳǵϷը˿γ޴ޱȵ塭ս
ᣬ׼½˫Ӵۣаһս


3246 ƪ
ǻԪ磬ǧ磬ڣʱ֮䣬һסʲôطѾ˿⡣
֮ڲû׵ĴڣеֻһŵĺΪһ̬ڲͬ磬ͬλ֮ţҷ˿µ
һƬһֻдֵ磬֮Уһ֧ǧǧ˵ľӣڼе֮ȫ
Ϊ׵߷壬ֳһƣϵһʨͷ
ʨ֮´
Ӹ߾ƣ̼䣬Ĳͬǧ⣬ȫ߾ۼ
ʨ֮սһҵ̿ԽλǰԪһ֮
ǡ
һȫɽʱ䣬ͬɽۣ֮һֳƺռսѾʼڽʿյʨ֮ǰǻԪ磬һ֮
ǡ
ǧ֮У磬Ľλ˵ʨ۵ƣʱ֮䣬һԽλĿռ֮ţǰǻԪս
Ȼ˳۵֮⣬˫Ӵڴǧ֮еҲȫõ
˫Ӵд밢ǻԪͳͳɱǰһ֡
Լˣǵˣ
˫Ӵ۾Ȼ·ҵȡô࣬ȽЩȫǵﰢǻԪ磬˫Ӵ
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׳ôġȻӷǿԼֵսʱ̣Ǿ˵ӷǵʵѾʮǰҪǰˡ
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쵰
˫ӴһŭӷʮۣԼĵѽڣȻ
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а壬ʱѾˣʵĲ£ѣΪǿɡ

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ռ֮ſĺڹ⣬ȫ˫Ӵӿȥ
˫Ӵ۵壬˱죬һ壬壬󣬳˾Ÿ壬˫Ӵ۱ڣһȻʮ壬Ҳֱϰٱ
˫Ӵ۵ϣ˺ֻ֣ܶЩˣ˫ӴȫλãдСгģҲӤġ
˫Ӵ˫Ӵı仯ȴûκһɵ۵ģһ˷ܡ
磬ɱʨӡ㣬޵С
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ãսôǰˣаѾѣҵĽȥаĲ˼飬Լ֪ʷ˫֮սǸոտʼѽôô죬͵Ĵսˡ
ԼĽ֮ԻȥɾаѾѣȫҪĺ
⣬½ϵĻƽ׻ۣҲѾ壬Ϊһ⣬½˫ӳǳȥ
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һаѾѡ˿˵磬㡣ҲһˡұҪҵʥزУû˿аġ
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İɣǳħǴʥصԿףµġȸ˫Ӵۣаһᾡ콫аķġ
Ҷ˷Ƶ˶Եһͬǰܷаֻˡ
İɡӷҲѾϻˣҲᾡϻġ


3247 ƪ
ӷٿն˳֮ϡ
ڽʿӷѾˣ̼Ҳһ
壬ӦѾˣֻǲ֪̻ǼûУ
ӷҲûʱ˵Ǹ֪ʱȥ顣
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Ҷ˷磬Ӵ˿̿ʼΪָӡ
ĴսӷȻҪϳָӵģܲڻں棬Ҷ˷ȥͷɡĻ˫Ӵ۷棬Ҷ˷ҲӦѽ
ǣ
ӷվȫǰڴ֮һʵأ
ǰȥѰʥȥˡ˵
ӷ˵ͷʥص飬ȷҪɳȥѰңʺϵģΪǳħǿʥصԿס
ֻû˵ǳ֮УһһһǿߣҲǳӷ֮⣬ΨһһԸ˫Ӵƥеǿߡ
ʱ򣬳ӷʲô취ءҪɱ˫ӴۣǼ̫ѵ飬ӷϼãָǼ֣˫Ӵ۱ǣ˫Ӵ۵ı󣬿ǻаģҲ˵ֻна𣬲ʤ
ҪаֻнʥزУû취
û˵ȻһǿʱҲٵˡȸߴңǰĽ쵱УǬϷ壬£ɽѾսˡ
ǻʱ򣬲û˵£ڳӷһ˵ȫһҡ

ӷһ˵ҲѾ𣬲ɽҲҸΪƽˡһ̻֮⣬Ǽ˫Ӵ۸ۣҲȫɱڵ˫Ӵʧȥʮ۵͵Ǽһ룬֮ǰ䣬Ҳ˫Ӵ۵ʧ󣬿˵ڵ˫ǲµġȻ˫ӴĿǰǴǧͳߣҲһѾӴǧλеҲõģΪߣȻ˰ǽ˫Ӵ۴Ӵǧġ
ȻԼⷽ˺ü󽫣˳ӷ仰ڽʿҲ
ڣѾʽ˫Ӵ´ս飬һĴս⽫һ֮ս˭ܻ˭һսȥ޷ұ֤ǰˣҳӷ³Ҳһʱֻ˵һ䣬ǾȪ֮پװɡ
ӷѻ˵ĺֱҲҪˣڽʿҲ뵽Щ顣
ȻĴսעǧ˵ĴսģûκˣбʤİգӷûУ˫ӴͬûС
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ǰĳӷǴûյ̣ڣӷѾѡˣ˫ӴۣҲѡˡ
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ڡ
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½ڳӷ½֮󣬶ʱ֮ͱһմ½½һ˶ûУ½ҲѾȫͶ˳ӷ磬˵ˣȻһַͬ˫Ӵۡ
ͬʱ˫ӴǱҲѾӵϢȻ½һ˶ûУȫ½ӿ˫ӴֺαȻ½ǱߵԼֹ½ء
һ֣ʮ˫Ӵ۶ҲʧܶصЦ˵ڱ۲׷κ˵ʧܣӷĴѾЦ죬֪ͨȻŮıǰߣ뱾۵ںһӭս
ǣۡ
̻ϴ˫ӻңȫ⿪ҷӡ˫ͷų
˫ޣ˫ӻңҲ˫Ļħޣ˫Ӵ۵ħޱ塣
ǰ˫Ӵ۴ûнħޱͷųеģֻһˡ˫ޣ˫Ӵ˫ӻеĵƣҲҪóˡ
ǣϾȥ
ȫš˫˵ĴսͬʱҲǱ۸ӷǸʨӴ۵ĴսʱˣѾѡԼڵλãѾˡⷽˣǳӷǾԲŹκһ˵ģնɱ˵һսΪ˱۵ǧҵͬʱҲΪÿһ˵
˫Ӵ󺰵Ӵ֮ɱʨӴ۳ӷ硭
ܺáڣӷĴѾ½ԳӷΪ˸˵ǲֱɱģضһӪկȻֱҾԿʱҾ֮ڣҲҪн֮⣬ڽѡѾźˣҲڴ֮С
˫ӴԼǰʮ󽫣ÿһ˫ӴѡģԸӷǱߵĽ⡣ȣָǼ˫ӴаţŶԸǵˣʱҲû˫Ӵ֮ڡΪǼˣǾԵһһսģЩǿߣʺȺս
ȫص㣬½λáҪΪսӷһսԲӷ̤ս벽򣬱۾͵һ롣


3248 ƪ
ӷѾȫ뿪½ֱӾͽ½û˿ģһֱͣĳ˫ӳǵķ
ʵڵս˵ӷֵĲͣоǰôûеģΪ˭Ҳ֪˫ӴۻʲôطԼһֲӷûȥô࣬Ϊӷ⣬ûȥ˫ӴǱߵ׼ţǳӷѾ㵽Լʲôطָֹͣʲôط˫Ӵ۵Ĵ档
һֱоȥʿȻ⣬ɱϾѾ˫Ӵ۵ĵˣһͻȻϮǿɾҪùˡ
ӷߣӷǻ˾ͷޣھͷ֮ϵġЩˣҲȫиԵ֮£ӷľͷԵΪ硣
֪ڵʲô㵣ĵģҲ˫ӴĵġôභǶ˽˫Ӵۣ˫ӴҲ˽Щˡ㵣˫Ӵڰ·ѵ˫Ӵ۾û뷨ԣǿԷĵоͲҪȥܱġ˫Ӵڸöˡ
˼ǣ˫ӴΪǻɳһ֧ӣڰ·
ûⲢص㡣ƣҶ˷һ¡
ǡ
һĹҶ˷ѾӺʵкηԸ
Ҷ˷磬ڣѡһ֧飬Դ죬뿪
ڷ뿪
û˫ӴǱ߿ɲ˫ӳǸ½⻹Ȼ½ǱߡΪָӣǾһȥȻ½Ǳߵĵ˸ɡȻ½½࣬οɲǴȫȥģֻܸһ
һӷҪʱ򣬷ɢһȥȻ½ǲ̫Σˣ¸˫ӴѾʼ˴սľҲѾԶˣʱ򣬳ӷȻɢȥȻ½̫ð˵ɡ
ƸҶ˷໥һۣ˵ɫ̫ÿ
ӷЦİɣҾ˫ӴһѾˡԵʱ˫Ӵ۷ǵһ룬Ƕɵ˵ȻǲġȻǱߣҲҪ콫Ȼ½һ˫Ӵ۵õɳһȻ½ϢͲκι˼ˡ
Ҷ˷˵ڶĲѽǱһ߾͡
Ҫ죬ľһȥ˫Ӵ۵õȻ½ǱߵϢ֮ǰҽȻ½ˡ
Ҹľ̫˵㡣뻹ǰָǰϰɣȽϰȫ
ӷһ£ָȣڶԼߵƣȫȥȻ½ˣһҶ˷ǱһԼֵܵס˫Ӵǿߵģ
Ҷ˷˵ҲûȻǶĲǾƴһѰɡ
ãǾָȣľһͬǰȥסֻаʱ䣬֮ڣһҪȻ½Ȼ½˫Ӵʦ
ˣϾȥ
ʱ򣬳ѾΪһҶ˷죬һָһȣһľأѾȻǱ߽ġ
ͬʱ˫ӴǱߵҲѾֹͣ
ۣѾˡ
Ц˵
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ǵһ롣
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ǡ
̻𡣡
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ǡ
ʱȻŮҲѾ뿪Ȼ½½˫Ӵȴǲͬķͬλá
Ҷ˷һ֪ٶȣȻ½ĺƹȻŮо˼Сʱ֮ϾĴֹͣǰҾ͵ذӪկ֪ڸʲô

ȻŮվȻǰǰһƬããĮ˸ֵĲ
ĸףʲô𣿡
ûоã⸽е̫ˣ
Ҳе֣˵˫ӴӦѾˣ棬½ܻ˵İѽ
ϵһ̻𣬿Ǳߵôˡ
ǡ
ӺȻ˵ĸף֪ΪʲôҸϵ̻ҵʶһεסˡ
ʲô
ȻŮҲųʶɽȴȻһġ
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ĸףǲ˹⽫⸽
ûʮǿϵĻӦָǵɵĺ¡
Ҳ˵ӷѾǵˣҾ˫ӴʦѹʱûֱӸ˫Ӵսˡ
ϷȻ½ûκεķһӷɱԵֵֻȻ½ſԽоֵסȷ֮취ϵǱ߰ɡסҪ죬һʱ֮󷵻Ȼ
ǣĸףȻ
ȻȫʼˣһˣȴһֱиȻӦ˵һаڰиȻһֱβųаʡ
С㣬ӣǲǴѾ˫Ӵ۸ˣСʵ
Ӧûûôɣʹˣ½һ㶯Ҳûѽ˵ˣȻͻȻȻ½˵Ҿ˫ӴӦûûд
ڸô죿
ȻСһֱڰиȻȻҪȻ½ĻҲȷȥ뿴Сӵʲô
߶ųаʣаֱԻᰵиȻΪѾȻ֮ˣҸ֪ʷһȻ˫Ӵʦ֮ͽһؼԵãʱͽ


3249 ƪ
ȻŮڿ治ðգһ·ɱˣ˶̫ԩûи˫ӴǱ߻ʦսҲûϣˣ˵ʵȻŮҲǸѽ֮ԼΪһЦһʷϵĴЦ
˵ȻŮò˾Ȼ½
аҲǽȻŮĹ֮⣬Ҳ󡣬ǼһȻͶȻŮȻŮڵľ˵ӦǵõȻŮá
⣬ȻŮߣһ֮⣬һˣһļһҳҲʮֵӢû´ĻӦþȻŮĶӣȻˡ
аڸеңԼĴ㲻Ȼ治֪ᷢʲôˡ
ɾڳаʸһеҵʱ򣬾͸оԼ󣬳һǿޱȵ

ùɣջ˵Լûڵģ¿ɺá
аתһѾĲϡ
Сӣ㵽ʲôˣ
˵㣬Ѿ˵ˣҡ
˭㡣ǰף㲻ʵĻǽ죬ҾҪ

а治֪ô˵ˣѵԼͬĸĵֻܵ˵ƳҪɱˡ
ҶѾʥˣѵ㻹𣿡
һиȻģƾʲô㡣
ҸȻֻɱǵеһ˰ˣҲΪ֮ĴսѽǸ˲ģ
аʲ˵̫࣬Ҫģ뿪ܹԼλ˵ɱ飬ȵȵȰɡ
ȳаκεĶУһǿϯ
аʸͬʱ̧ͷգѾȻǸŰΧǴͷļˣаʸʶ
Ҷ˷硣
ܶͬʱҶ˷֣Ҷ˷һģȻľأǿߡ
ôܵˣ
⻹ȻȻ˫Ӵʦġȥɱ˰ɣһҵĲϣɲġΪҪǣɻҸġ
аʳ˱һͳȻŮĹ˽ȥ
Ҳܲ˳аˣֱӷϣҶ˷ǰʵôܵȻ½ˣ
Ҷ˷ʵôģأ
룿Ǹһ𡣡
ӣûҵˡһ˫Ӵ֮УûǵӦ˫Ӵ۵һƻ׶
Ҷ˷磬㵽˵Щʲôѽ
ЩˣȻǶεҲǳ㸸Ҫڰ֮ڣȻȫˣǸ˫Ӵʦ
ˡСûƭѽ
˵ʲô
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а⻰治֪ô뷨
˵Ȼ½ɱ䣬ΪȻôڣȻ涼ûҪֱɱѽ
ѵΪаʵĵʷ˸ı
ôȻˣǾɱɡ
ǰָǰȻŮͽˣˣ˵
ġ
Ҷ˷ֶľ˵죬Ǿͱһȣ˭ɱĿ졣
ڱȵľһٶȣǿ˭ɱĶģϣͲʲô˭ܾ콫Ȼɱ⣬ǲҪġ
ľظͲϻֱӾͳ³ȥ磬ǷݣҲɱˡ
Ȼڣ󡼱ææŮˣˡ
ʲô£
磬ɱˡ
ʲôô졣
ѽöˣڶѾǵˡ

ĸкηԸ
ָȫȫͬɢɳ㣬Ǳɡ
ǡ
󡣬ȥ׼еĶȫͷųͳͳ
ǣŮ
£ûͷŶˡ
һЦȻŮ󡣬Ȼͬʱת򹬵ſڣаʳ
ΪʲôͶȻŮǻΪа׷ɱˣͶ·֮£ŻͶȻŮġ
Сӣô㡣
ûҡ󡣬ˣû˱㡣
ɱңСӣıأ

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аһѽңʥѾˣҲѾаˣԼڿǳֿȭˣʣʲôɱ󡡣
֮ǰΪеıҲŴ򲻹ġڣû֣˭ˣͺ˵ˡ
ȻŮ˵󡣬һëͷСӶѣûҪ˷ʱ䣬ϴ
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ҳȥӭУ齻һ˾͹ˡСӵʵǿҪܡ
ãȥָȫ
棬һɱȥգ֮䣬Ȼ⣬Ѿʬˡ
ȻŮĸӳ֮⣬ԼһС
ôʱ䣬Ȼɱ˶ӣֹʵѽ
ৡ
һһʥͬʱָȻŮĸӣҶ˷ˣеʥȫ໥һۡ
ڵʥڳӷôڣѵϼȻȫڳˡ


3250 ƪ
ڿɲʥʱ򣬲ѵ˭ֻҪǲڵ˵ͺˡңԱڵʵ˵Ҳ۷ľ磬ʥ¾ָȣҲǱĶְɡ
ȫɢȻڣҲȻ½ǣȻŮסĵط
Ȼǵľԭ޹ģ˫Ӵ۸ʨӴôҲǵ飬Щνǿеϰ˵˭ǣһϵҲûС
ڣһһʥͲȻˣǳڵľֱǴȻɱ˽ȥȻɱ˳˫еʥʱ֮䣬ȾѪ
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ȻǳӷŮѽССͣɱȴһ㶼֮䣬С
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ৡ
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ȻŮպþͼһĻĶӣĶӣȻ˽ͷ­
ȻֱֱĵȥͷǰͣĹš
ɱˣɱ񡣸ҽȻ½еĳУͳͳ⡣

аһǳұɱȻٳǵĿʼģȴΪһˣΪ˳ӷҪȻˣҲֻģȻ½ˣȫɱѡ
˵ѽҹ֮ԭʷȫ˸ı䣿Ļĸ׵۾ǲҲΪʷĸı𵽱仯أ
аҲ룬ʷ˱仯ҲҪնɱԼȫ
󡣬Ѿ·ˣǹԹԵĽҰɡ
Сӣбµģ׷ѽ
ˡָǰҵסǼһ
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СӣǼһֻǸСɫѡ
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Ҷ˷ҡҡͷ˳ɱȥˣʱԼҲ˷ʱ䡣
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ͬʱ½֮ء
ӷ翴Ȼ½ǱĢƣ˵Ҷ˷Ǳ߳ɹˡ׼ֻһ˫Ӵ


3251 ƪ
ͲҪʱ䣬ָȣһҶ˷ǱСʱ֮ڣѾȻˡ
Ȼ½ǱߵɱûֹͣԽԽóӷе㵣ˡ
ʲôֻȥȻŮ˶ѣôɱûˡȥҪɶʨӴ۸˫Ӵʲô֪ͨҶ˷磬ȫܼɱȥˡ
ӷ绰Ÿ䣬Ȼ½ѾԾҶ˷ǻˡ
ǣȻҶ˷ѾˣȻ½ǱʲôڴɱأɱѾȻ½ǵȫͲһӵеѽǿ۷ʵѽ

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ӷ粻˿ĳɣΪҲѾоڶ֮ǿɱѾ֮Уγһ޴˫ͷЫӡ
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ӷһףȫֳʥҲѾȫػޣȫ˳ӷϷ
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˫ӴۼԦ˫ޣ˫ȫǰ棬̻Ц죬˫Ӵߣ̻Цĺ棬ʮ죬ʮȫһɫĺɫףÿһ˵嶼ʮ׸ߣʮֵĿ࣬ͬʮ˰㣬ԦħȫΪɫ˫ӡʮ죬ƽδ˫ֹģҲ˫Ӵ۶ʮǿߣÿһ۷ľ磬ÿһӵаʮ֣˵ʵԲʮ֮¡
˫Ӵ˵ǿߣټһЦ̻˵ʵǳӷȽʮ۸ˣǵʮۣټʮ죬ӷǱ߿湻۵ġ
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ǡ
׼ˣǰ棬ǳӷ汾ۣҪκεԥҲҪκεĲˣֱӾɱȥɱǵУͳͳˣһ
Цۿȥ˵ۣԾѽӷôγһȦһӣǳȥء
ʲô˵֮£ʲôҲˡЦ죬̻ű۷ɸǵĶ飬ֱȥԸȸָʮɱڳӷǼһԡ
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аа֮汾۾սӷǧ򡭡


3252 ƪ
ԶԶ£·½ѾΪһսĮеĳɳɱ֮ǻԪ磬ڿƣ˫ӴǿƽⳡռսĻ
νĴս֮ĴսȻν˫֮սˣһսįǧδĴҲʨӸ˫֮䣬˭ܳΪǿߣǿߡ
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ںܶλͨǻԪ·ϣҲչ˽սЩһǳΪӷ׼ģһȻ˫Ӵ۵ġ
½ڲͬĿռ֮УʵҲˣҲ˵ͬһսģֻĵһѡ
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˿̣˫Ӵ˫Ӵ۵֮£Ѿڿ֮ڡ
˫Ӵվ˫֮ϣǰͷ޵ĳӷ磬ӷֳֵʥϷػޣȫѾ֣ȫҲѾȫӣûҪˣеֶΣҪʩչ
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3253 1
󡣬ܡ
аѾ׷Ȼ½ҽڽս½
ʱѾͶ·ˣΨһ·Ҳֻ˫ӴǱߡ
ʵ˵ҪսǾԲܵģȻŮѾָնɱûκεĿɽܽս˫ӴҲԲѽ
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顭һħ޶ûļӦѾаʵƿȭУ壬¡һը˿
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ĸףҾս֮ˣȥɱ˫Ӵ۸аġ
ǸҪˡɡ
һ£ҵħ

аʱգˣʧӰ٣ͷ·ûֹƵġ
ڳаʧ˵ѾصԭǸʱյͬʱպóҿ˳аʸղʧһĻ
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ҪɱۣǾɡ
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ˡ
佣һ졣
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ľսսɱһ۷ǿߣҲˡңʱ򣬾ͽˣңһȥҴţˡ
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佣콣콣ħޣֱӴһؿڣȻ¡һ佣ľһҲԱˣ
ľˣ佣Ҳˣŭǧ
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ʱ֮䣬˫Ӵûκǿߵı£Ψһ³ǵűɱˡ
һʱ䣬˶ˣѾûȥעˣֻֻ֪Ҫоȫʣ˫Ӵ۸аǾҪӷ磬һΧˣ


3254 2
սһ֮ڣǸɸɾ̻Ц죬ʮ죬ͳͳնɱ˫Ӵȫûһ
ʬ壬½ѾһƬѪ졣
Ȼľظ佣粻ٵҲһսˡ
ҼˣϳǣԪЩˣȫҲֻʣħޣս֮ڣеĳӷ˫Ӵˡ
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ûУа塣аǽ˵Ҳֵܵסа֮ǿ޵еа֮ɱǰɡ֮ɱضȣضȵʮһˣȫɱ⣬رǳۡ

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˼ҴͲʲôӢۣӲʲôúңǼۣҲۡԣֻҪɱ㣬аǲʲôʲôֶΣҶϵġ˫Ӵۣаȥɡ
ʥֱ˳ӷ֮ϣ˾
ӷ˫۽Ŀžһһ·ߺá
˫Ӵۣû뵽ɣʮǰһ˹ʮĽ죬㻹ҵϼ壬


3255 3
ʥųӷоֱӾʹ˹ȥ
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