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һ ̷
ڱ̺ûΪԼκα绤ҲûԼĸĸΨһҪǼСһ棡
չ涨Ҫģ󲻴ԼСӡһЩ
̶ܽӡܺãЩͬǴӦ
汻ʮߺ磬ĻһտӣûҲûжǹĻֻһųεӺѶԷŵӡ
ʱСѾ
΢΢ţգ۽һ飬Ө͸Ŵδйһ˿
Ȼŵ״ΣȻܿС΢΢ںڵȦȻСʱ˯ߺܲ
֪Сֻ̲˯ߺܲյ۾õ֤
С̴һɫĳȹֱˬ㷢΢Ժ󣬻ӳƹˮΣԽ֬ļ
˫ƽϣָһʽָָܱѾʧȥ˱еĹȻѾ˺ܾá
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һ˫۾峺Ʊ̺һ㣬ɽȪһ㣬ֻת䣬ȴˡ¼š޵ݵۡ
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ԺϸζϢϢԶС
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Ȼֻһŵ壬ҲĿ⡣
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С滨ǳǳЦһ£С̴ָÿ𣿡˵̧
΢΢һĿϣǳ¾ɵ䣬˵ĶĿۡ
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ʱͽָʱ龰龰˵·ͷ졣
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С΢΢ҡҡͷֻ̾Ϣ
Ժÿ˵ȢС̵飬С̶ǳĬСҲûд͸䡣
ԻС̶ԼĹذǳĹذǵŮأ
ʹȻܷС̣зģֻҪС̲ˣԼҲͲ̸
ôСȷʵûмˣҲû̸
ĺìܣ֪ҲͬìܣȻһֱޣ
ʱүԼĺܲΪʲôԼ⹫Ůأʱ־Լˣ⹫ŮԼôܺ׽
ʱС̵һδָȻ˼ǲѡ
ٴȷСǰҵģһֱǵĹϵر֮ĸ顣
Ҹŵ䣬ȴǣǵĹϵͱ˵
ʱһû˹ǣֻǣѾûлָˡ
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ʱСһԥĴӦ޸㡣СȻҸ΢Цۿȴբһ㣬ˮøˡ
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ܾƺ˵Χ
˺һᣬŴ˳ĬС̣Ұǻðɡ
ϣڱϣ˫ۣǺڰ¶컨壬һν˳˼
뵽ǸԼСֵܣȻֵܣȴֵܡ
Լǹ˯һŴͬһͷһֵҡ
ʮ꣬ΪԼ˽ϵļСƦӣСƦҵҪԼ䣬ڣȴǼСƦӴ˹ۣȴû˿ںͱԹ
ǳ˱磬ֵҲ
ĸµһϣͻȻӵجģǱײģ϶Ϊȴžֵ϶Ϊ֪ǰʱһǮƵĸӵܡ
ǸӵУӵҪ뿪ŮѣûǸӵܵķ񱨸
鷴ӳ˾֣ǸӵܺȨƣȻȥǵ鷳
ԼжϣҵǸӵܡ
оѼŭ𣬵ǸӵȴŵĸֵܾӺģû֤ݣܰôҿɸˣҪǸҶһëӾȫ
еŭɽ緢˳
ɱǸӵܵʱ򣬸ӵܵĶҲֳ˺޹ɱ۵˷ʱȴûܿסԼǡ
ûȥףΪڵľ
ȥ׻ܱһС㱻ͽ̣Ҳñٴ߳
ͲøĸСˣԼҲٴμǡ
뵽Щ˫Щʣһ޵ĸо
ΪԼǴʱͻȻúº¡
Ժû۰С̣Ժûչ˰ְ衭
뵽ĸΪԼ龰вԼǺΪҵľһľ
ǵģҺˣҺԼʱĳ嶯ԼԴµĴ
ҿѡһ취Ϊֵܱģҵʱܹô嶯ھͲҵĸĸˡ
ѽҲҪֻҪ
ֻϧҵĽҪˡ



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ڶһ磬ܾţ˵ط㣬Ҫ㡣
΢΢һ㶣Ҷ̷ˣ˭Ҫѽѵҵĸĸ
ֻǣҲûҪҸĸǲǼҵģҵ˻˭
ܴηżһܵĻжʮƽףһŲ輸ӣѾһӣʹ߲輸ϵһ̨ʼǱԣ輸ϻƵĲˮ
Ӽվ΢΢֣ʾվ
һһߴӣԼʮ꣬˫ü罣Ƴǣַ΢΢ĺɫüһɱӢ
һװңһɫװϻһӵʾԼľݡ
ӵĿһ£ֻϬĿ磬в²⣬ӦҲֱȴ֪ҵʲô顣
ͻȻ˼֮УԼȻǸ̷Լһ͵ֱսʿѽԼѪࡣ
¶һеЦݣط㣬á
ط㲢ԷܹгԼ֣ԷԼȻͰԼĵϸ˽ֻǲ֪Լʲô£ΣҲʲô¡
Ȼ֪ӵľΣ˴ʱҲûװط㻹Էһ׼ľԷѾˣǾȻԼǰߣҶԷǷݳȻƣһʿӵС
ĵ˵ͷͰɣÿ
ֵݹһ֧˵Ҫ𣿡
ллҲ̡
ӷ̣һΪʲôɡ
ط˵ͷȴû֪ϼʱ򣬸ö͡
ӵҽź㣬ǹҰȫֵӵĴӳ
طȻ׹ҰȫֵӴӳĸ΢΢һ˵ݱԼĻҪߡ
ͻȻһ˾Ϊ˶Ըңר齨ӣӵĴӳ̹ܽýź㣬ź㲻ܺ;ڣھָΪɫӸڶ̶̵İھ˾ڵĿֲӣЩ캰Ŷӵļβп֮Ҳǳ߽ˣʣΪĸ߲ʿҲֻӵȥˡ
źЩӢ¼ָԱҵķ֮һΪ־ӢһӣȻҲźЩ¼ѣ˽ºͶ̸۹䵱İ
ȻǸźǰӣطвɵһ˿֮ɫȴǰѰ˼ҵΪʲô
׳ҵΪʲô
źһᣬ˵ҪˣҸһĻᣬԸ𣿡
ܻĻᣬȻԸ⡣طɫûжٱ仯ȴǲӿѵҵģΪʲôأֻ֮ҸЩʲô
뵽ԼԺܼװĸĸС̣¾һ󼤶ӷ·һ浱УȫѪҺҪ
źݱЩȻȣǹҰȫ֡˶٣Ǿ˳Ų˵Ҳ׼ҰȫζʲôһȾӻҪϸ֮֯󣬾ҪԷ֯İţȫ֯ÿһκΡ
طϵźԼҰȫ֣°˼֣ҰȫάҰȫģȥҲʲô캦治飬˾ǼһЩ˿ֻ̣Ҫҵʲôܽܣ
뵽ͷԸҰȫ֣֯ҵǳΪԵ岻ݴǵȥɡ
ĻźһڲˮڶΪһˡ
Ϊһˣطʵڲ仰˼ҪԼıһòҪԼȥٰһˣԼȥһˣ
̷ҪͱıòȻⲢֻݻױҪݺò׳ΪһˡźĽ͵ǻȽҽѧһ˵ƤֲϣĴߡ
ط漴ףԭҪҽѧһƤֲϰһҲ̣ΪߣȴعصҪ
ֻǣǰȴûֲƤҽѧȽҵҲ࣬Ƿǳıܣǻ졣ô˵ҶгΪƷɡ
ȻƷҲ岻ݴǵĴӦΪֻлҲܼչҵĸĸС̡
źѵ̫죬ƤֲĹУпܱȾ񻯣ҪԸԭ򡣡
ȻƷ
طһЦ˾ǻݣҵýˣѵ¸Ⱦ𣿵˵ͷû⣬Ըһԡ
źֵΪṩƤѡѾҺˣʵڲûѪٴգǡú࣬Ǿ󣬰Ƥֲϡ
طʵҳˣǲҪļˣ
źӦǵȻһ¶ûиĸֻһͬΪ¶ıá
طа֣ԭǸ¶ǿȥӦĸ鷳ȥƭ˸ķգңһΪ¶ıãǿ԰æչչ
뵽¾ȻӼᶨ뷨ΪףؼԼˣܸһĹ¶ůֶֺΪأ˿ź㣬ʵǵأ
źǣ㲻ܰ߸κˣĸĸС̡
ط΢΢һ㶣ܰԼ߸ĸС̣ǲǻһֱȴԸ
ֻǣȷʵ̫ش󣬶ع⣬ҵȻܰ߸ĸС̡
վұǹöˣϾһһܹݽӽҸĸС̣չǡ
뵽׳ģҾ߸κˣҵĸĸС̡
źĵ˵ͷɫô˵ȫӦˣ
طᶨǵģȫӦ



 
ڴϣȻϲ֮Уû뵽үһĻᣬһúõϧδ˵Ե
ԭ첢ĺģֻǺҿһЦ
ԼƽʵԼһغСְȻͨĹн׼ȴǶԼĽ٣Ǹůļͥ⡭
ڴСļС̾ǼͥһӣСʱ򣬰ְ蹤æС̾ͳССķ̰ʱС̻ȥ԰棬ʱС̻ʳԣڿʵʱС̻ԣʱС̻뷽跨ĺġ
ȻϲĻˣÿҪǵʱС̶ԥĸ
꣬ΪһС¡۵Ӱ书ȻҪĸȥѧϰ书԰նвĸ
ĸǿĵȰ˵ȴЧֻаת͵˾ͽһѧУһѧϰһϰ䡣
꣬ڿһС¡ĵӾʱͻĳһ𿴵ӵС˵С̣ҳҲҪСŮȢΪޡ
꣬Сʮ꣬ڻĴȻǾԶһҲԶչˡ
ʮ꣬ȥˣСȻģ˭޵ġ
СһμɥǣΪŸϰײʱȻüЩأͷС̷ļϿ
·ظеǱǱİɣȴ·Ͱ̣һεδϣȾĺʹ
ΪСᣬȴĴ˼黳ֻɼͷһεεĳᡣ
һΣǿҵظоΪ˵Ľ
ԺᶨԼȢСΪޣ
ʮ꣬С̶ʮգһʽָٴŵҪȢ
ʮ꣬С̶ŵľ˸̾˵ӢˣԺˣҪһѪˡ
仰ĵѪӡ
ʮ꣬Ȼѡ˱ϷԺУڴСϰʺͲ϶ǳɫرܹԿ࣬±һ꣬ͱΪ
ΪȫԺУϾٰľ±а˾ܺɢھΪεı֣Ϸ11УΪ˳½սӵһԱ
½սĲпѵڶԱӱֳΪҰսֱһԱ
ҰսУĸѵܶ㣬ǵõ˽һظߣ̶̵ʱͨ˳ѵȻͱϼȥִ񣬶ҲԲ񣬲ٻһȹһθ˶ȹ
ؼݼ٣ʱֵȴ˺ˣȻǶ˫֡
ȻԼģǷȴжаɱ˷Ȼͱ̡
ǰùҲ飬Լ̫أڿԼȻзģԼһĻᡣ
뵽вɵ̾һֻǣӽҵ޴ĸı䣡
ź˵ǵ˾֢꣬ط֮ģ֮ǰط㻹װģıƵֻ̨ǣӵûзͷ
ط룬Ҳ֪ҸĸСǿֽϹǹҵıʱжô
ֻǣȴܸ࡭
֮زطҲһܵҽѧء
һܵĵңﲻйҰȫֵعԱйʵֲƤҽ
ڽ֮ǰطھǰվ˺ܾãϤӣ²ӿڵƤŨܵüëֱͦıڽļСʱһİס
ֿ˿˫糿ǣмݹâ۾ңã˫۾ܹ
νĻƤǰȥƤиȻûطϡ
߿ƼȻҽѧϺʹãȽҵع֯ȴвʹõرŷޣвٱɵȥļʹֻ
йֻĴεʹһλʧˣŲٵȱݣ˵ҲҾʹãֻܰƷѡΪй̷ֱ֮Ժڿ͡
ȻⶼʵзԸԭ½еģһɹ̷ҲΪҰȫֵľӢع
طѡ֮ԱѡУΪֱ⣬Ϊǵ˾֢ͺ񣬶ǡ÷ǳʺʤιҰȫһ񡭡
һһҹЧǳãطҽôΪ
ط뵽ĵһҽһ龵ӣȻ鿴ڵ
İ꣬Լ࣬һ忡üͷüҴ΢£Ƥµ۽ëЩӺԼǰıӲ࣬ҲֱֻͦƤȴЩƣƺûѪɫ·һСָ״̥ǡ
Ƥµ˫۾Ȼȣһɱ˵Ӣ
ӺȴмֿΡ
Լ̾ϢûɣڵңҵҲԶӡ
Ҳ֪ҵǿӣʲôӦǻ᲻뵽Һط



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طϣϸķˡԼ
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Ĭũ壬ڸ׵ȲʹԴСﾭЩ׾ݣֻǣ첢ûƶļͥʮʱ֮ͥ֡
ʮ꣬ĸĸһСϼΪ·Сʮ׵£ʮ˵ĲҾ硣
ĸĸȻûѣ˫˫뿪˸ĸ˫˫⣬ͬĸһͬȥϼСú͹øҲⳡɥ
СõŮҲıãΨһˣͬҲֻʣһˡ
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˵Ӧû⳥ģСһڳûգСϰҲⳡжĬܹ⳥
ĸʱĬϳĳɼǲѣҲֻжѧҵ
ѧԺûѡ¸ҵ˷ĶУڳıһӹȻ׬Ǯ࣬ȴֹö顣
ԼŬһﵱ˻԰԰ÿȶ룬Ȼѱýӵ˶С
ۿЩɫǶħٴ˫֡ǰѪ
ط㿴оþòƽԸ̾һ꣬һ͵ֻ꣬ǣݵʵǶֶѰ첻ͯҸΨһʣµҲŹ
Ĳֻıãòʧȥ˸ĸڸΨһĸҲʧȥˡ
źڿʼ㲻ԭط㣬Ĭⲻϵĸı䣬ݺΪĸı䣬𣿡
ط˵ͷǣӳˡӽ쿪ʼĬĬҡ
Ĭ
źݹһֽ˵ĬǰʹõĶڿʼǵˡ
طӹֽ򿪣ĬǮֻп֤Ʒͻ룬ǲеǿᣬĶռˡ
źֵڳΪĬ֮ǻµӦȥȻǾͻᰲ㡣˵ߵ㶯ԣӵűСĻ˵֮ǰСﵱ԰Ա뿪˲ûйµԱԽҪصСԱϤ
Сˣһŵܣ£Ƕеҵ̩ǶеЭίԱ˶ԶҵķչӰ춼вСΪĳЩΪļڱĳص֯Ⱥǰȫֶ֯˽Ⲣ࣬Ǹǰб¼ˡ
ȻڱǼ˵ͬʱ㻹Ҫв̽Բ֯ͷ
طЦЦԭΪĬ±СԱԲŸһΪȫֵ»ƺЩԵˣΪ˲̽һ֯Ȼ
Ҳܹ⣬ôһǻƤܹһݱңؼǸͲҪʲôɱ
Ѱ˼֮ʣźǲ뾪֯ԲĬݽӽҵģΪĬԺҲװԼĽɫñ˿κζ֪ʵݣҲǲ㸸ĸ˵ԭ򡣡
طͷģһᾡΪĬ
źֵǰ׷ɱһٺԼķǿ˲٣Ҳ˱İΣǲõġŮȴ̰棬ֲñԼӦҪ𱣻ŮİΣ
ӳһ£Σʱ̣ǲǿɱˡطΪĵģΪɱ˱ѹ̣ȻǺܺ£ǶǣȴǺ£ڽ֮ǰȻȻϴͿı̣Ǿֵˡ
ź䣬ҪɱˣһԷʵʵڵǶˣڶԷڶص˺ֹҪ񣻵ڵʱ£ɱ֮⣬ҵڶ취ֻͬʱܶɱˣȻĻ֯ͽع涨ӦĴ̴
طаϲȻɱ˵Ĺ涨е㷱ܹɱˣҲΪպΣʱһ·
źطһۣȻǶɱ˵Ҫ󣬵֯ȥɱĳˣͿԷֽȥˣǲɱǷʧְ
طĵֻҪ֯ȥɱˣһܹ
֮źְһЩҪط㣬ĩ˻ҵʱһλعЭ㣬ĴCT508ʱϵġ



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ֻڿ⣬ԼϤԼֻǾЩЦˡ
Ƿһµ绰룬ŵĵ绰벢ֻ࣬ʮʮ绰Уʮ˸ͬѧĵ绰ʮѵĵ绰ʮְϵĵ绰оŸעꡣ
ڲ鿴֮ʣֻȷʵһֱֶӡ
طռ䣬Ȼ߰ʮնţҶʾڲͣȻµĶŵֻǶѾˣ¶ȴǲܽˡ
ŵ˴һáˣط֪áĬıˣãֲʧʫ֣
ųص飬㿪˵һţ磬ôٲˣȥʲôطأҸԵɽƬˣأ
磬㵽ʲôطأֻһֱػûе
磬ѽұҽԺҲûҵӰ㲡ôأôأ

磬ĲΣͻɣĺ㡣
磬뿪ңչô꣬ѵͲչĻ
磬㻹ǵǸĸոȥʱ㱧˵Сã£ϻи磬չһӵġ磬˵ҪչһӰΪʲôҪ뿪ң
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ЩţطʹĬ֮ǰԼǴμ档
Ĭ֮ǰȫ־ͬ⣬Ĭ֪Լ廹ܷȣҲȻӦ飬Ҫطһ档
طĬʱһоκԼȷʵֻ࣬ʱȴһϢڴϣ˫ƣɫû˿Ѫɫ
ĬطʱζȻ˫΢΢һ˿⣬㡭Ǳ̵ˡ
ط׵ߣͷǵģҽط㡭
Ĭ˵ҴҾͽطɡط磬˵ҡǻҵƤֲϣԺ㻹ʹҵݡ
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ط磬ҺԸƤ㣬һСС󣬲֪ܴܲӦҡ
طæ˵ɣһǧһҲȫȥΪɡ
Ĭ񻮹һ˿۽Ҳ飺ҴСǸ¶Ψһ˾ҵıãǴСΪ񡭡˵Ĭ۽ǵ鲻ԼĻ
ĬЩ죬ܹչ˵˵ģû뵽ǰȻľ֢ط磬ҵҪˣ㣬ҺúչˡչСá
طȥסĬᶨģһúչõģֱԶ
ţллˣСʱЩƤʱЩЩԣԺҪİ
ط磬㻹ܴӦһһ𣿡ĬطһֵۣԶҲ𡭡ҲСãҲ֪Ѿ
طصĵ˵ͷҴӦ㣬ԶҲĸҲԶúõػš



 绰
ڳ˼֮ʣֻȴˣÿ֪ôģвɵ̾õĸ黹ֻſôһᣬĵ绰ʹˡ
Ȼʱʱ̶̿ڸ绰ʱʱ̶̿ڵĸ硣
绰ͷһ磬ڿˣʲôطôû˵꣬һ
ʱܵίֻ̫̫࣬ôΨһһˣǸȴ˾֢ҽ˵Ѿûȵأһʱôܣ
ڰǰصĸͻȻҽԺʧˣֻҲһֱػ
ұ˶еҽԺûҵӰѾ˸绹ŵͷǣ͸ĸ飬ôܹ
첻֪ƣŸ磬ϸǳҹߵŸ磬С˯һᣬҲμ磬μĲˣμصԼߡ
ÿδȷ޾ı˺;£²ټ磬¸Զ뿪Լ
ȻţһţֻļԼ
ط㲻һ̵żæװЩ˵Сã㲻õĸ磬һܰȫĵطأҲöˡڻƤ֮ҽط޸ģ˵ڵɫĬֺܻ࣬ģ£Ĭ׿˵ûж
𡭡磬ʲôط㣬òã绰ͷȻȻڿȴڸǲסеľϲ
ģСãˣһĵطƣҪ˶ҵĲܹκãʱҾͻģʱұ֤㿴һҡطȻƭȴòƭ
绰Ǳ߿޵øˣ磬ûСûƭڲõӾͻصصҵ𣿡ȻԸĻЩŽɡ
طæСã˵ĶأһȽҽԺƳһѪ¼¼ûнйٴҽѧ֤ѡΪƷҽƷöȥˡ
̫ˡûϲ֮࣬Щǣҽѧûоٴ֤ģ᲻ᡭ᲻ᡭһ
طЦľˣѾˣЧǳɹҽ˵ֻҪʮ죬Ϳȫˣʮ͵Žĸصߡ
ÿ̫ˣ̫ˣ粻뿪ңүлл㣬ûдĸ硭
õĻϲطҲһ˿ů⣬α̣ȫ飬ٴӵһ硣
Ǿ㼫ϲһŻҲ磬ط㡣
طЦˣҽԺκ˴ңںǼԼ֮ǰҾʹӦǣκҡ
ֻвˣֻжʮܿˡЩɨ˵㻹ǰڵҽԺҰɣԺ죬Һ㡣
طɲڹſԼһӦҲˣҴӦǣܰǵҽԺƸκˣϾȫ죬ûڹ֮ǰй¶˳ȥҵġ
ŶǺðɣҲˣҪӦңһҪؼҡ
طڴӦããӦ㣬ֻҪҽԺҳԺһʱġ
ţʱһҪúչԼʱҪȿˮʱ䣬Ҳûû˵߶
ЩĻطûиоͷ·ů֪ЩﶼеԴȪ
뵽С̣ԼʮһηգԼߣҲǶԼ߶ϡ
ļطҽԺ⣬ŬѧϰعһЩܣ˵С״ӰӦȵʹ÷
Ȼܶʱ죬ںĹУҲԸЩ˽⣬Ƕǰ֪øࡣ
ǰһʱ䣬ط㻹ЩʱʹÿʱǴϸоʹ
ȽϸҩӪҺ£ϵ쳣ҲȥˣʱƣҲԼµס
ʮƤԼƤ׽һ𣬾˺µİ̼ҲڳȥҺ£ȫʧˡ
ԼĬòںϣ˵ˣطԼòʲô쳣
вɵø̾ѾΪĬڱģҾ͵ʶϳΪ
һºźط㣬뿪ˣӣҲĳΪĬ
磬źطеǰ˵ĬѾòˣͻصסɡ
طӦǣӳ
Ǹĸߣպáźһ˵һߵݹһʮ׳Ƥ
طӹƤ䣬ӣװҫ򡢵ǹԶС״ӰӦܱƵˮº̽ȼʮָ߿ƼƷװˡ
а룬ǰΪֱʱȻҲϤߣǸɱڸôȤС⣬һúúоһ¡



߻ ոµ
ᣬף§ϼ̿գǸոշƣѤá峿·ϣˣҹ
һ¶Ӱһƾɵ¥˳ĿһܣȻߵһСͳԪǮСϰϰ壬һ̼ǡ
ӹϰݹĿǣȲĴ򿪣ȻڿС
һĸоƢϤĸоҲǾΥ˵ĸо
Ϊǵĸоȳ̵ĸоˣⲻûкÿʱ¡
Ҳ֪Լʲôʱϰ߽ǵģҲΪСʱ̫ϲ˰ɣҲΪаԼС̵Щüɡ
濪һ⳵æ⳵֡
⳵˾괩Щᣬлһ˿ģû
ûж˾̬˿Ĳֻǵȥ붫·С
ڳϣΥĻ棬ֿͣԻصõˣֿԼҵˡ
ֻǣڼ֮ʱȴѾϳʵڶǲƽѽ
ְڸʲôأӦڳ緹ɣþû˵ˣ
³ǣֻ΢΢ԥһ£ǲͨ˼ĵ绰
ģҲһ̼
绰ͷһͳι˭Щ˻ƣһĸо
ϤİһʹҿΨһĶӰʱ䲻֪жôġ
̣طɣ˵¸֮Լ˵ĸףܷſȥοһȫûУȴֻ̡ܻ
ǵģ㡭һλ绰ͷЩ졣
طһѣطҶ˵ˣ̣Ҳ̫ˣÿ˶ĹͣȻˣȴӦúúõĻȻϵƽѿ޵һͿ
֪лİοˣҡһ֪֣ĸµ˵š
ҽĬطǰȹҵҶǳмһ̣طҲҺѹ׼ǣҲñӵҵľ֮š
Ҷϵ绰ľþòƽ޲õһʱɵĸߣȻǣְ裬ǵĶû
ʮӺ󣬳⳵˺Сſڣһ³ӭһʮŮǻϲ磬ڻˡЦĻУҸĿ
͸оһ˵ԼĻ漴һŮеڱϢһɲͬСϵζȻţȴ˾úȻ
Ȼ겻󣬵ѾһѾˣ㷢ܳһɫУƮ˳ںϡ
һɫTѪTѪȻЩ¾ɣȴǳĸɾ滹ϴ·۵㡣һɫţп㣬ţпƺģȻרŴӭӸġ
磬ڻˣҺأýӵٴʧһ㡣
ܹܵ£вɵһᣬЩܿˣҲԺһҪúò
һ΢紵ɢ㷢ķϣЩģֱ飡
ͻȻԼҸһãҲ֪Լıĸ֣òûаԼ˱ˡ
Сãʱ䣬ҲأֻΪزò뿪㡣͵Ļ𣬡ںˣֻصߣԺԶ뿪ˡ
һƽСķӴǰʮ޽ģֻʮ¥ߣеǽѾ̦Ͷ治ԶһƬ߼γĶԱȡ
¥ûеݣе飬ڵİ˶42ȡԿףĴ˷š
һ׶һķݣֻ򵥵װޣЩȴľ˳ȻҲǵһʹá
֪һ˵ķݣȴס˼ңãֻסĿңסһԴѧűҵºһ򹤵ũ򸾡
ǲοʱţŽļңжʮƽ׿ʮƽ׵Сݣмһ¹ռ䣬¹ԱߣһۺɫĲȻΪ˸ԵһƬء
ռһŵ˴һ̨µһ̨ʮӢĲʵһڳԷС
䣬ȻСӵһҲңıӣɾ棬ֽ޲ʾŷ˵Ľá
ĳ²ɵһ⣬ЩžסǼƽ׵ıĳҲԼķ䣬ϣȴôסûа
ȻⲢĬԼûʵҲˣһũ庢ӶԵûмʶû֪ʶҪĴ㣬һѵ飬縺չõΣڳ˸С
֪ĬĴţȻԼĴ̣װģ˸̾ڻˣоˬ
磬㻹ûг緹ɣȥ档õ
Ĭûг緹ڵȷЩˣǵͷǺõģȥŪɡ۵ģԼԳһҲϤǱܵĺá
ţǺõģþûгҸŪĶ˰ɡ¶һɰЦݣȻȥˡ



ڰ˻ ܰС
һᣬﴫúͱ˶Ի
Сã첻ôҲô簡һ긾Ů
ҸأҸŪ緹õĻУҸɫʡ
СѽĲôˡ긾ŮЩеʵ
ӦǺǣȫأǰˡ
긾ŮЩŽɣɣõĿѪôܡһ룬ȥȻǲ˺á
µ˵ȷʵȫˣҲҽԺɡ
Ĭ°ЦСûǸͦŮǰҵҽԺð¸֪ˣȴҲϡ
⴫긾ŮС˵㲡ˣ
ĬæӴվſڣЦ̣ллĹģҵĲȷʵѾˡ˵ߴһʮĸŮһң۽΢΢ơ
̽´һϲȻȫأȻôˡ
ʮӺڳе磬ºˣˡ
Ĭӳһŵúɵ޵СãŪĶóԣҽԺЩһҲóԡ
һЦ֪ңһ὾ġ
ĬӶ˶׷嵰Ŀб˿ûм嵰ĺۼвɵһж˵Сã嵰԰ɡ˵߰Ѽ嵰
øæֹ˵磬˳Ӧòһġ
ĬһЦڽúܣʲôأҽ˵ˣʱӦóԵ嵭һЩ
΢΢һ㶣ѽǾҳ԰ɡ
Ĭڲˣ꣬˵ȥϴ룬СãЩʵ̫ˣȥһ˯߰ɡ
æһ㶼أȥϴɡ˵ҪĬеꡣ
ôĻˣҪǲ˯߲㣬ǲӰѧϰʱľ񣬻ϳġ
뵽ͷϵļŶвɵúһȥ˯һɣȻĳ˶ǻܳġ˵ŬŬ죬ʵڿɰ
ĬһЦŮǰģ
Թ緹ĬûȥԼĹλ绰ҳһܲĵ绰룬Ȼ˹ȥιܲ𣿡
绰Ǳ΢΢һ£С𣿡Щ档
أܲС԰֪ɲԡ
㲻ǲڴںˣܲţһѪˣܹڣҪ
ĬæںأҽԺͲʲô֢
ѽڵҽԺѽ̫ˣһΣϰȥҽԺ飬ֻǵһð
Ĭĵܲ߶һ̽ѵܲһܻ𣿡
ܲ΢΢һ㲡֮ǵһʱ̫ˣȻĲںˣҽͰ˰ɣ
Ƕлܲˣϰࡣ
лʲôлأܲǿ㳤ĺӣòſܲ⻰ȷʵ٣Ĭһ԰СӹѾˣΪҹܼҵܲȻĬ˽⡣
˵绰ĬڴϣַߵһЬӣװĲЬӣһЩƬżСƷ֮
Ȼ÷˵ĶǲµģԼȻѾӦøΪ˽һƬĿ
һһ򸾱һСĺڰգȻƬϵǷĬĸףСĬˡ
ƬºидԼĸĸ
ĵʱ˵磬ȥ԰һɣҲúʿ
Ĭη£ҽԺһ£Ҳȥʿǵͷðɣȥ԰һ档
СԱ߲Զ빫԰⹫԰Ȼֻ߰ʮĶСͤˮӳǷǳ
˼粢ż磬ڻ԰ɢһᣬȻ˹԰һСӱߡ
СϪĺжʮƽףѾڶĽΧԵúȻӱҲˮӣֻȻĲľʯӡߵĺӴܿٻɵɳ̲ϣֻֻˮתϴϪ£ľʹǡɣˬĿ
һӷ紵ˬ㡣ӭŷ磬úӷںڵ㷢ӣһֻӭչĲʵ
ӱвˣҲ£磬ӱͦģҲȥɡ˵ţǣĬ֣ӯĲӣӱȥˡ
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ĬҲ죬ƤЬ£Ըڴʯм䣬
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ͻȻ˵磬ǵСʱںӱˣ龰𣿡
Ĭ΢΢һ㶣ôǣ
ǣСʱϲȥӱץзˣץзз۵С˺һŵҵζءóڻС
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һЦˣȻ岻ۣȴѽԾͿˡ
ĬҪ˵ʲôȴҲʵĻ
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ĬЦôзأҲץˡ
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ĬͷСãˣСıз˵
֪ôץץı𡣡ûӦһǱȥ
ĬЦһ£ǸɰСŮҲѹ֣Сܿѵжʱ˿ôأ
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뵽ԼϵһЩһɰŮҸΰ
ץһֻǱߴû
ĬĿⶼͶ˹ȥץһֻдзĴָָзļ׿ǣзȴôҲš
þûгԹзˣһءñ˵߰зһֻȣȻŵζأ磬Ҳһɣ
ĬһЦѽùҳ
һУ
Ĭɫʹ࣬æʵСãôˣ
Ҵֺʲôһ£ӴӴۡøͷȥ鿴ԼǱʲôˣѽֻзǵùԭעез棬ûпµѾòȵһֻз棬ֻзõţһֻзȵļⲿȴǡô̽ҽŴָͷ
Ĭϧæʯ̲粽ǰСãû°ɣ쵽ʯͷϸҿ˵ţͷס
ӴۡÿһͣʯͷϺĬæȥҽţΪ鿴˿ڡ
СǰʹʱҲȽţС̱ϾԼ׵֮һĸоѾϰˣǰãȻԼĸоѾϰˣԼĺһ˿ңʱ۵СţȻС
һֻ㣬ɵӯӯգֺһϸۣĽ׽׶ԲС쿪ȥ
ǲ΢΢һĴֺ
ӴۡСų鶯һ¡
ֺ˿ֻһ㣬ĬЩɻ󣬡ˣôС˿ڣôʹ˵ţѹһС㡣
С΢΢һ£ַӴ
жϴˣҸŪܿ죬ĬСҵ˶ϴ̵ټŪʱȴѰ䷨̧ͷȡֻлؼŪˡ
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취ȡĬ˼Σ˵ˮȥ˵ţԼҲӱȥ
ѽϵɳϴɾٸ㿴
ðҽŷŵˮУص˼£ĬĽţϸ鿴һ£Ȼչȥ˱Ĵֺ
ΪֻҪ˿΢΢˱ǾͻѶϴֻҪŪϴĽҲˡ
ȻҲķЩףԼڵݿΪĸ簡ΪҲˡ
ţҪĬ飬Ҳԥͬѡ
û뵽ԼĴֺУ΢΢һĶȴȻӿ죬Ҳ֪ķ˺ơ
ȻøίȻҲЩ̣֪Ϊ˸Լȡöϴ̣Ҳֹ
Ĭɿýֺ³һڵɫĿˮȻֲ鿴СϴȻûгִչȥ˱ֺȴǱһθ
ʹı飬Цͣ
һֱĬ׸翴ٻ뵽Ů֮飬ʱֺʪĿǻУ¾Ȼˮէ壬ȴϣʱܹԶͣһ̡
ĬɿڣһμĽֺһΣں㴦Ƕϴ̵ͷʳָָ׺ĴָָסǶϴͷһϴȻͻ˳
ϴ̲а׳зŲһء
𣿡ĬָѹѹС㡣
һҲˡɫΣӣ磬á
Ƿĵĸ̾УȷʵԼΨһԼҲȻǸΨһ
ĬĿ΢΢һ²ӿһҸĸоҪôãǸöð
ʹҲãԺĹϵҲòģҲүΪҺŵԵְɡ



ھŻ ԰
ĬõСţ΢΢һЦںˣЬӴϰɣԺɱˡ
һȻȥЬһˮеСš
ĬЬȻһᣬ˵СãЬЩˣһȥһ˫µİɡ
ǱǻЦĻһ˿Ȼ漴ָֻЦݣںЬӻܴȲܴ򡣡
Ĭƺζƿ̾Ǹµĺӣ
֪봩Ьӵģ֪羭׾ݣʵڲø绨Ǯ
зģԼһҪŮҸҪһƯ·оδ룡
ôЬһߣ˼粢ż磬ա
Ϧӳƽĺϣסһֻˮ񸩳ˮǵˮʱϦξѣ̼Բ⡣
Ϧ£߰ĺͯںӱŪϪˮǻںӱ߾þõĻص
Ƭķ羰Щ˫۽ĶסҲƲκα飬˳˼Ĭ˼ҲȥĵĻ䡣
һ΢紵ںڵ޷ڿ赴㷢ƮӣĬ²ɵ̸һôŮѽ
ŪˣͯĻЦЩجɵһɶ
СãѧϰôأĬ֪øոϸ߶ȻѧϰŬǰʱΪչ˸ȱϯһµĿγ̣Ĭǵġ
ô˼лЦЦܺðγ̻ûб顣زǶʱ䣬ȻڸߣȻ˲ʱѧڵ֪ûԺרʦԼϰ˹ΣԲû̫ӰԼѧϰ
Ĭ˵ͷǾͺãѧϰҲ̫ˣҪעݽϡһ£ԸеĺӵѶŬѧϰĬ֪˵һ£ΪһѧϰŬĺӣʱŬƺЩˡ
֪Լ˵ı֪࣬ļΨһģƴѧϰֱνҹ¡ʳ˵ͷЦ磬֪أġ
Ȼǡһζ֮õĻ
̧ͷȥһʮ˾վʯͷߣͻ㡢Ƥ֬촽ͷȾ˵Ļɫ仹һֵĶһǸ֮ͽ
˵ֵСӣ˭ʯͷϵģ
Ĭһ֪һҲģа룬СܹгҵǰʶҵģҲ֪ʲôͻ
ҲŴӼǱ˷ͻĺãС쵰ֻ۱ֻҲ͹ȥˡ
뵽ǣõ֣׼һȥ
ϵ꣬лǰԼһѧУѧȥѾҵˣűǻģѧУʱСУ԰ԺҲȻһԵΨС졣
ѧУʱóĲɧŹȴ¼ʦʹûʦݺݵѵһ١֮󣬻ùڻ
ĸǰҲ⹫԰úĬһųϢȣЩˣǸȥǱ߸ԼȪˮ
Ĭ뿪ǼǡþùһˣǾ˹ԵϷֶš
õʱ쳣Ǿ͸ߺ磬ĬԺٶȸ˹
ĬƽʱȻǸ꣬ȴκ۸ã˵ϷԼãȻŭգݺݵ˻һѡ
ͻȻһˤ˸ʺȻݲĳ裬һ´ӵϷ˳ʰϵһʯͷ͵Ĭ
Ĭǰûдܣûмĳ棬ʰʯͷҲֱֻȥ赲ԼҪλֱ۱ʯͷҵ
ü类ǽ٣˲úҲʰϵһʯͷȻ͵ڹĻȥ
ʯͷǡ˻ţȻԴûѿǱϾʯͷԴԴʱԵǣ˫ۻ谵Щ˹ȥ
ĬȻֱ۱˺ü£˲أȻ֮ʣץסᣬȫһڻϣվȣһŰˤ˵ϡ
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ǻȻԵյ黳ģ֮󣬾һֱѰĬõټֻǰʱ䣬ĬöһֱҽԺȻҵ
죬ͬ鱾ڹ԰й䣬ھӱʱȴ˵ӰЩĬãǻһ˿ҵߡ
ߺ󣬹Ȼ˾ǵմԼĬãôܲأ
뵽յ飬£¼ǵǾ£æŸ첽Ǳȥϣܹһı
ȻǸ´ʯʱһʮҵȴǵǰһװû̻¶ۻһֻӥȻҲࡣ
ߣôףһЦ
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Сжʮƽ׿Ĵ̣ɾһȾĴ޲Ĭĸʱ̶ڴɨⷿ䡣
̾һҲĸ״ɨҵķ䣬Ѿһ޷ıϰ߰ɣ
ϣİĵ˿δԵʾϣԼСһյǴͷ˵ۡ
һŴͷԼСƬУԼŻЦҸСҲ΢΢˫üҸ΢Ц
··Ȫֻǰֻүҿ˸޴ЦȻѾܻõĳˣٴλصܰԷˡ
ȻȥԼĵԣȻQQЩͬѧѺúõĳ̸һȴûУΪڵĬȴطķ䡭
Ĵ˻̵ǧֽףС̵Ľ
ߵ֣ڴϵǧֽ׶˺ܶ࣬Ŷ˰ٶֻɣЩǧֽף˵ΪǶǵİװֽ۵ɡ
СʱϲľǴˣÿҪǵʱ򣬾ͻС̸Լ򣬶СҲÿζҪ
ϲǵİװֽռոһգȻղ˺üšһЩҲ˼ٳˣǾͰЩֽԼ˽˳
Լֽ飬С̶֪ڣЩֽȻ˾ǧֽףԼķ
֪ⶼС̵ĽΪֻС̣Ŷǧִֽ˲룬ҲֻС̣ܰһϸСİװֽװƷ
Ȼ϶ڷʱҵЩС̿ЩװֽȻ鶯Ȼ۳ǧֽס
ֻǣ֪С̻˶پǣǵʱ顭
һǧֽףɺһ㣬·ʱҪǾȻǹ̵ģǹ̴Уһůˮ
ı磬Ըְ裬һҪע壬ǧҪΪҵ
С̣һҪֵÿһ㣬һ죬۰СվصߣȻǱﰮĻ䣬ţҸջ᳨ӭģ
СãҲҪŬѧϰ֣ǲҵͯ궼׵⣬ÿ˶ǹƽģȻȡҸͯ꣬սһõ
ţЩԸܳ棬ΪСС˵ǧֽܹԸߵԸ͵á
Ĭȡ¼ǧֽȻŵԼϣԺÿ˯ʱ򣬶ԿǣǡǣûôΪСǲ˶Щǧֽ׵ġ
ڷʮӣҲüˣֻܻص˿С
ĸ׵СϾɣҳȥˡ
Ĭ͸ĸһһٷˣǵͷǺðɣ̣òųȥˣȻԵǡ
ĸڨڨһЦûʲôأһȥ㲻ҲӦȥ˵ġ˵ţ˲׼ȥˡ
̡Ĭס̣ǰе뷨˵˳̣ط˵һ۰С̣ܽһԷҺ֪𣿡
ĸ΢΢һͷȻˣǲ֪С̽ûʱ䣬ɡ
ĸ׳ȥĬߺɳϵĸȻ͸ױϻ죬֪ϲʲôĻ⣬˺̸ܿˡ
ĬȻֻжʮ꣬ļʶȴ൱ķḻĺ֪ܶʶǸ͵ģ˲ãø׾ǸʶҲڸеӡ˲ࡣ
̸Уʱʱ̸ԼĶӣУĬֽɫʡ
֪ԼȻ̣ڸĸУԼԶǳɫĶӣֵǽĶӣ
ʱо׿Լ񣬾ǰԼһִȸԶӹذ񡭡
С粢ûʲô£ĵסﲻֻһ·̣ĸ뿪ʮӣ
ԿףòŸȥţԸ˷š
ⷿ˵Ҳӵ̫̫Ļ䣬ﲻůļңİˣ
򣬽˻ûлСһߴЬһߺ͸״
ǵأܹһͻĿͶС̣˼СĺأĬ



ʮĻ жˮ
С̣Ƿۺ£¶һǴһɫĶ̿㣬ŷСβչʾ紺ѩȣԷ˴Լ
ͷ㷢͵ڼ米棬İ׽ӳ棬仹һɫɫĿ䡣󣬼չŽˮŮӵСұʾִгԵʱг
ĬĿ䵽С̵ϣòȻ˵Ҷü޳۽ëµСǣô
ֻǣС̱ǰˣ˫۾Ҳ޵㲺ˡ
Ŀ䵽С̵ϣָĿȻǴȥη̽ԼԺС̾ͺٰȡˡ
ȻС̵˼þòͣ
Ȼ¸̾ϧȴǴǳǳЦݣС̣á
СҲ΢΢Цһ£ĬáɳϣĿԱߵĬ´һ£Ŀⶨ˫۾ϣ̾ǺС㣡
ȻС̵нԶĬǹϤŷAVON㣬СеϢȻ嵭ȴ顣
ΪǴμ棬һˣȴû뵽ھȻлٴŵ㴼Ϣ
ǰطأ˵ǳ۰Ĭ֪ҪڵԼСϤͻƿڻǰԼ
Сɫһ˿ȻС⺢ӺϲģȻ۰ˡ̾˿ֻϧСȴˡ
ĬһʹС̣Сǰֻܸˡ
ˣСĸͬѧɡ˵ǰûС㣬Ǿ˵ֲòǾ͸Ŀˡ
ĬҡҡͷѸղŶĸ׵ĻһζС˵ˣ˵ͬʱȴҽ쾹Ȼۺ׵ˣ»ǰ
С̵˵ͷԭҵûС
С̺Ĭһᣬ˵СһɣȥСķһ˵վ
ҪȥǱ߷ʱСƺ˵ʲôƤȡһ̼ƵĿǣĬСԿǰ
Ĭ΢΢һæͷõءĽӹȡŵ
дһĸо֮䣬ȴйɸζֵ
һᣬĸ˻ˣкĬ֮󣬾ȥŪȥˡ
ʱСȴǴĬķ˳ĸ˵㣬ȥŪɣȥС졣˵ʱлһδǧֽףȻһֱԼķǧֽء
ĸæˣˣһл⡭
ʱʼˣϵĲĸֵĺ㣬ˣҲĬԵĲˡ
ĸ׼һ⵽ĬЦЦС͵Լļҡ
ĬÿӼǺ⣬طŵоʶ壬ʵ
ĸײͣйĲˣ˫۽ЩʪǾӨˮ𽥻㼯۽ϣγԲ͸顣
СŪĺˮˡĸͻȻ˵
ĬҲܲסĵ鶯˲ȻĴϻ
ĵһεᣬһεᣬΪŵĹԺǵʱļֵܺʹģʱΡסеʹûÿɬˮ
˭˵˲أֻû鶯ʱ
øĸС̿ԼӣڳԷҲðתȥֻڶӵʱ˳ֲһ
׿ӣæʵСôأ
ĸ׺С̼ˣΪǻط㣬а̾⺢ӻǸ֮ˣȻΪСᡣ
ǵУʱĬ˼ֺøС
ĬǿЦһ£˵ֻ뵽ҵĸĸˣҺþûкһԷˡ
ĸæʵôؼҿأ˵Ҳġ
Ĭ˲ϵˮЩ˵ҵĸĸѾˣڰǰΪȥˡ
ĸ΢΢һ㶣ͻȻֱĬ§˻Уǿĺӣǰ̲ã¡
Ĭķĸ׵ĻУůĸоѾΥˡ
ûз֮ǰҲܾûĸӵˣϾʱʮˣҲ˼ĸӵ
˿̣ĸ׵ӵȴ˵ůķ·ȪС
Ĭ˵ز̣û˸ĸǵһҸоͥůˣҵĸɵ裬֪ǿɷԸ⡣ãȻڻԼĸĸҪܽһɵ裬ҲһҸ顣
ĸæȻˣСպù㲻СĺѣҺ˵ƣôһӣ֮õء
Ĭɷ˵ͻȻڵϣĸϿͷȻ󻽵ɵ裡ǿ˵ȻУ
ĸæţúӣԷɣȿȡ
ĸҲӣӽԺǵĶˣﵱԼļҾͿˡ
극󣬸ĸҪĬҹĬСõԼ˵컹£ٳǰɡ
ǺðɣԺһҪ棬Ȼɵ᲻˵ġĸֿ˿С̣˵˼Ͼͱ˯ɡ
ңĸطһ䣬ʣµһС̣ȻСΪԭڵλһ䵥䷿ݣĩȴǾס
Сϲûж£ΪطۼǧֽףǱͷǺðɣҾͲȥˡ
˷ţĬȻƽȴǲͣͷѸĸɵ裬һҪ壬С̣ҲΪط̫ˡ
ĸ׵ͷ֪ģҲҪע壬´ʱ򣬰Ҳ



ʮ ӦƸ˾
ڶһ磬ĬңɵңȴЩԾ
ս뻨԰Ĵͼ·ͣ졣µ˽˱Ҳƺвˣڵʲô¡
Ĭк棬ֲܾȥֻ̽ڹʱܲĴܲСʲôô˾졣
ܲΧһۣ˵ˣС˱ըС˽˾ˡ
ĬæʵСûС֯棬ûнӽ֮ǰͳʲôĻǾͺֵܲˣԼҲʧְ
֪ܲĬСǹģæʱС㲢ûϣûˣֻǱŵˣڶھֵС
ܲĽ£ĬǴԭί
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鷢֮˸߶ȵӣȻ֪ΪɵģĿԼһ㾯в
ȻܲµԷвԼԼû֤֤ҶԷҪʵ̫ףǲģһƱԼʱʱ̶̿Σ״̬
֪ԷǲĿĲݵˣԼǶ鲻߶ȵӣ´ΣյľͲŮ˽˾ˣӻŮ
һС棬Сİȫǵλǲ̫ġǣȴǵŮİΣŮסڰȫϵߵѧУһϲȥˣ֣Щֳǡ׳ΣĵطòΪŮİȫ㡣
ȣصŮһٵˣˣÿܳѧУС⣬ͲȥطˣͬʱԼߵڳŮߣŮİȫ
ҷĹ˲ٹ⣬ְ鱨˾֣Ϊþִ£һþԴ²һЩҲһЩöԷðȻΪ
ȻҲ֪ܻܿἤŭԷԼȻѡ˺ͶԷԿҲֻѡˡ
һ磬͸ϵұһը飬ֶҵı
ڷԺ󣬾һֱڽźͿ־嵱Уµ룬ҪǵʱϣڵС¶ûˡԷȻϮԼһΣǾͺܿϮԼڶΡ
ȻԼߣվǹ׶㰵ѷĵԼǰ˾汣ڣΪϮǽ᲻ٴηأ
С´Ͳ֪ΪǰΰְֵѣҲûôϡε飬һκµĸоѧУҴˣһھĻ»ص˼
Ĭ֪ԭίԺаûε¹ܵʲô˺ҪһӽܸõرİΣ
һװźӣʵˣܲȻС˾ˣСڲû˾𣿡
ܲ˵ͷѽղүҹңڽʱСһ˾
Ĭ̽˾һǳ߰ɣ
֪ܲĬĶʣڴȻܸˣнϣү˾нѾʮ򡣡
ĬףǮ˵˾˾ͱְ񣬶Ҫ˾Դҳÿ˵ĸнϾǺʹص飬ȻԸ໨һǮڵңǴвȺ˼ϣҪѰһҳϵ˾нͻߣнҲΪ档
Ĭװӣô߰һµĹʾ͹Ҹˣ
ܲЦǵȻʲô˼ʲôǲڿʱ̱ү˵
ĬһᣬͻȻ˵ܲһῪģܲܰ˵˵ûС˽˾֪ɲԡ
ܲΪĬΪʣȴû뵽˵Ҫɻ˿ʵСῪô֪أ
ĬаЦҲῪǹ̹ء˵ͷһῪģҼȥǿԲԵġ
ܲȻ벻ͨеĬĻȻҡͷῪҲǲеģС˽˾Ҫļ˵ãһҪһĸүϣƸһˡ
Į̆ʣ治Ĳ˵ܲȻĺӣһھԽսʱֱСʱѧ˲ٸʽأӦܹʤġ˵ˣһʱҵҪˣҾҵˣҲڶʱŵùһŲСߣܱһܶǸв
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ĬмǶлܲˣһúñ֣ʧġ
ֵߺܲĬ±Ŀ
ƽ׿ĵ̺װΣļҾߣͶӰӣ޲չʾĵΡ
ǰĬĵطһȫڣڵѾʱ䣬ȻûнôıѾ˵ʱȴǾֹˮ΢
ͼɳһʮ˾ӣ΢΢֣κߣü֮ɢһ۰֮ϴװϴһʾֱݾɡ
Ȼ˱ⷿӵ£Ҳ켯ŵĶ³
Ĭ˽µƽ¼ǰȴǴĵ
¶ʮǰֻһ򹤵ũ꣬ȴǸˣڸĸ￪ŵ˳У׼ᣬԼٿǮΪǮһ͵¼ƷƾԼۼɺͲмŬľ֮·
ĴԽԽ󣬲𽥳Ϊ˶ĵ̣齨˵еģʽгչȫء
ʮ꣬ʲѾﵽǧ򣬳Ϊ˶ĸ֮һͬ꣬ӭȢ˶еСѡǾҲĸʫϡ
ִ֮ӵתսٽҵǽ˵ҵ۵ƣܿ칥Ǳ޴ҵ
ȻֽҵͷزҵȻڽЩҵĳڽ׶Σ˲ѣľѵǿľջǳɹˣЩҵɫ
ţ2002ˣԺһֱǿرȥţʱڣɼ۸Ƿ֮࣬ڽڵʱڣŵĹɷҲмǵţɡ
ȻµĲƸѸͣȴһֱһƽ˵ģ֯ʹƻʱһЩرĹڵкܺ
ҵϵĳɹڵĺǰ˶еЭίԱڳΪЭίԱ²˲չǼӴ˶Ļر
ڵ£ʲϣ˵ڶȫҲܹǰʮĴ󸻺˵Уûм˲֪Ҳûм˲ġ



ʮ Ĵ
¼ܲĬ΢΢һ㶣Ȼʵܴ磬ʲôôемƽ׽ˡ
ܲæ£㲻ҪΪСµ˾С˵Ὺһһ񶷼ɣӦƸְλһѵĻɡȻĬǰΪүӵı磬Եµ棬ȴֱӳƺ֡
΢΢һɻĿͶĬϣʵСĻῪ
ĬȻ̫¶â֪Լܸñֵ㱾³¿Լ͹ȥһ񣬵ͷǵģڹҵʱѧ˿Ҳȡ˼ʻ֤ʻ֤ĳ֤ȫ͸׼ˣʱʤ˾ְλ
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ָָԱߵɳ΢ЦС˵ɡ
Ĭаϲ̬ȲϷòЦЦȻ¶ɳϡ
ܲҲԱߵɳϣ˵£ǿ⺢ӳģΪ˺ͶҵҳϣֻҲȷǷܹʤְλ
µ˵ͷҲҳϡȻŮ˵Ị̆£ȴĬԴ²ûжټƽϡʱҲһ򹤵ũ꣬жĬرиУĬʤλãȻԸְλֻǣʵЩĬ
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ĬͶһŵȻѸղȰ˵ܲĻ˵һ飬ĩ˻壬ʤְλϣܸһᡣ
ףҪڶʱҸõ˾ȷʵȽѣһᣬܲʤΡ뵽ǵͷҿɣһҵĳǳȥ·磬ȻٺͰдһ¸񶷼ܡ¿еİ֮һǰһȭ֡
ĬѵǵͷӦ
֣ں˭˵أʱȴǳ¥Ϲܿ쿴ڸ׶ĬСһ̣Щ˵֣ԼҪæأ̸ǵ˼ҵĹʵ벻ף׺̬ʲô̸İһ̸ýζ
пЦС껹ЩʤС˾СҲᷴԵġ
һʱĲܸҵ˾СܹȥҲֻʤˣС߲Ǿˡ
ŮЦЦֻǹһĲأ㲻ɡûȷƸĬ֮ǰǲԸŮģŮҪִ
ɻ󣬸׶ЩС´ʵİô쾹ȻһƽӹˡС죬ûȻˣǺܹıˡ˵žͳصԼȥˡ
ĬڨڨһЦССԸҲӦϰˣҪϡ
Ĭ֪ûбҪԼ͵ģа룬µΪ˴治һ㣬ĳɹżȻ
ĬԿһҺɫıŷ½GTȻһ㣬ȴãΪһıͬʱӵǰԶֶ䣬ȹ̳򲻽㶯ʶȵ֣ҿԸõȷİȫԺͿɿԡ
Ĭǰֻóȴûпָߵγոγʱ򣬻ԵЩ衣һӦǺǿ꣬ļӣͰϤˣָ£ƽ
С㹻ĿһЩխСʺĬԳΪչʾԼĳף𽥰ٶ
ɫһߣЩ۵Ļ԰Сдţ·һӰ
¾ڸʻңĬʼıֻЩʧĬӦٶȴ⣬ĳҲǳϿɡ
֪ôģȻһڿǵһָȴְȫĸоһûκɵĸо
аСĳǲҸһصĸоܹΪС濪óġûи񶷼ܣҲʱС浱ʱ˾ϾС治û˾Ȼи񶷼Ǿ͸ˡ
Լ˰СʱҲûзĬдȱ㣬ͷԳ͵ΪֹɣҾܲ
صұ°Ĭһ˽˶ң˽˶Ҳаٶƽ׿ѷŲٵ˶ģʲôܲġصġȭģӦоС
һʮƽͷߵǰòϰ壬ҪôСأ
࣬ŨصüͷëͿĨһ㣬˫ĿѽһȻֻһߣȴԵúܽʵرǺ˫ۣⰵ¡̺
⻢ѾµౣڣȻĬ죬֪ϣϾҶͬһط
µС˵СʱѧòɣУҪҪעִ磬ѶԷ˵ˡȻ⻢Ĭ˵ˡ
⻢ͷСȻȻɡ
ĬΪԼҪ³Լǻչʾһ㱾죬վǰȭȻ磬ҾͲˡ䣬־ͶȻҪ⻢
ֵٶȻ˵һ㣬ȴǱȳǿ˺ܶࡣ
⻢ĬУаСӹȻİˮƽƺ˵㡣˼ֵͬʱһÿĬץãȭĬؿڣ
Ĭæֵһţ⻢̣ڴͬʱֻץΪƣ⻢Ĳ
⻢Ҳһ߶Ĭʽһ߷ȭĳдɣȴ϶ܿĬҪλȻǲ˺Ĭ
Ĭں⻢ּԺ󣬾ͻ϶ʵ˸˽⣬ΪԼȫԸǻܹʤ⻢ģڱϾһ̫꣬¶âȻ˵Ļɣѡ˱
Ƭ֮䣬ͽʮˣĬȻ·硣
ʹԱߵºǾ̾ˣʵû뵽ƽʵĬȻһ꣬ȻȲ⻢Ѿ󳬳ԼԤˡ
⻢¸Ǿ棬Ȼ·磬ƺûоȫĪأ
ԹԸۣǰǶеɢǾСӽȻȡʤ뵽ǿļȭȴǸˣȻĬж͡
Ĭ⻢ʽˣȻ²⵽е뷨Ը˼֣ǼĺʤİҼȥһǵĺп˵ȴԸ
ѾܹͨˣαȥƽϸӮֱӮˡ뵽ǿ˹ƣʶԼ¶һСС
⻢Ǿþǫ̃̄Ե˵ĶҲ䵽λĬʱ˷ص©ȻŹһּסĬУȻһȭĬؿڣͬʱҽżɨĬ̡
һ죬ĬԤϵһԼ˫ȱ⻢ɨ˸ţӶʱվȣ˵ϡ
Ĭˤǡʱ˶ҵſڴһද֣ôܵأءδ䣬Ѿߡ



ʮ߻ Ŀ
Сû°ɡ⻢ǰһǣ֡
ȻĬӡǲģϿκεİ̬֮
ĬһЦûأȻ˵ס⻢֣
ʱſĬ磬ڸʲôأ
⻢æ˵СѧǱȻȻ
ѧһ˼ӣ
Ĭվ˼ЦЦʵҲˣǺһھѧ˼Уܲãоͱ˵ϡ
һκ棬Ĭɵٴδüͷ޳Ľëµ죬׵Ĺ˫ŶֲʧõĴ۾ȷĽ
֮һߵߣͦϸȳηᡣһǳɫĵѩˮ۵չ¶ɣ洩һѩɫĶȹӣϴɫĳͲ˿͸߸ƤЬչ޳ѩ׵Ĵȣκ˿˶Ϊ֮տ
һɼõζƮ˹ȻµĸоĬ·ԼһƬĲԭΧʢʻݡ
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ţüסҲһǳ˵ģôСסũ壬ҲֻǼôխİһ˵ʵ̫̫ˣ



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Ůȷʵ٣ҳøص㣬ЩŮԼСԵĲ࣬˵;ˡ
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ĽѩĵǸعõŵҿҲдʿͨ֡ЦЦģᳬŵġ
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ʱȴǴһ鱦Ķǽȥɡ
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һ׹ľԼϱȻһ£Աߵıڵ磬˵ÿ𡣡
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˵һ飬ͳͳ£ȻӰӴ򡣡Ǵߵȵ
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˲ǵһˣĺţȻԼİ취
˳棬æһжǴյӽǹ棬ֹ˳ߺţħߵӶǹŴˣԷǷ쳣ΪֳͰ˽ȡһЯȻŹ̨һá
֮꣬СڲԺȡ˴鲼ڴȻץ˹̨µЩ鱦
ʱһ󾯳ĬǵûΪģǰԵǣǾ첻ֲ鱦ͻˡڣϵпܼŭˣҲͻڵΣգпܱΪʡ
ĬϾֻһˮСذסǹ֮عװûдϡв԰ûڣģû뵽ᷢ飬ڳʱװϣҲжһЩ
뵽Լͬ£ĽѩӦǹ֮װܹúϣǿƷеˡʣµˣڰæˡ
ĿǱߣʱҲбſڵϣ¶Сɷ׵͵Щٷˡ
ǰ־˫ۣʱԴԴϵˮֱкɣһֳĴᣬκһ˿ˣһǿҳȥʹߵ
ǷֱſңһЩСƺƽʲô
Ĭ֪ҪжͱҪϵǣԼ׵ľ룬ǵĿⶼߣҪǵע⣬Ҳһ׵顣
ͻȻ뵽˻еֻҼǵֻ룬ҿԳЩ˲ע⣬Ϣϵǡ
뵽æ뻳ȡֻӽסȻ˶š
ʱ洫һ󼱴ٵĽŲȻøȺУĽٷˣѾǰΧˣΨһĳ·Ͷ
ĬаУ⣬ЩĺܻܿἤŭٷģʱǷ鷳ʹˡ
Ĭϣ˹ȻľٶŭˣǴߵӶԴȵģЩɵñб¾ͽץǰһǹۿѪɺӵıݵġ˵Ȼᶯ˳ǹİȻǰ˿͡
žžž죬漴һŮĲҽУҽֻάӾ͸Ȼֹ
ڶʱرЩۻԱŮ˿ͣӵ಻ϵǹ£ʱˣеѣ˹ȥеĴеǼ
ĬȥĵŮӺͺͷϹ˴ȵĸദеԴԴϵðѪأ˶һڵϣȻѾȥ
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ʱȴǷˡΪղŵǹʧȥǣͻȻȥ
ĬһҪȥæȴѾ
ߵӲûа⶯еĳǹ澭ʱһѽ¥óǹסĲӣȻװ鱦Ӻȵˣߡ
汻ЮƣǼ޾壬ͷɢǰסһ룬ʣµһСǲˮͱ飬ȫҲǲͣĳ鶯ţ˿ţʱѾ̱˵ϡ
Ĭ֪ҪľǲܼŭԷǼŭ˶ԷԷȻóǹĴɨ䣬ѳǹʱԼˣҲȻء
ڱ̣һԼʵԱѰҾ˵ð취öԷҪ˼Էǹɨ䣬öԷ뿪˶ӵĵط˼޹
ıںĽѩҲȻ˿ҶԷԷҡ
ʱ鱦Ѿˣڴһˡ
Ѻ棬ǰ濪ţħںɨβ鱦Էҷſȥ
Ĭû׷ȥΪԷǲɱ棬Ϊ滹о죬Էвľ졣
ʱԼȥǱȻɻңԷҲȻڵһʱӵ档
ֻҪܹԼл
˳ˣæȽеѾǰΧˣϿеʡ
ߵģÿȻǾɱ
ʣҲֻÿһ·Ŀǰʴ˳
ͷľȽţãǷȥǷʡ
Ѻպȵǳ˳ǣȻʣҪǸ׷Ǿڡ˵Ѻ
һ񳵣汻һóǹָţѺм䣬棬ǰѳǹ׼˳࣬Է춯
ˣھŵȺɱһǱʻȥ



ڶʮһ ٷ
ΪԷʣйǣȴûи׷ȥ
ǻ˵ץٷǲΪٷ˽ƻҪԼȥʵǿҪܴεİ
ԣֻϣܹڳ֮ʣܲץǣҲԺˡ
ĬɲΪЩٷ˻ԹԵķŵ棬пܷŵ棬ԼҲܰϣǵԡ
ɣЩ˸ͲٵģǱǳģ鱦ͽٳʣֻ˶Ŀıˡ
ô˵Ǿʹ˴棬Լ뾡ȫȥ
ĿͶĽѩȻָָǱͣŵһĦг˼˵ҪĦȥ׷ǣδ㣿
ĽѩȻĬ˼ˣæͷ˵ͷʾԼԸһȥ汾֮һܾǰ겻򵥣Լ
˴һ£һĦгȥ
һ־һסǣȵʲôܣǺǻȥ顣ôİӣĬĽѩ·ֳҪĿߣȻҪ˻ؾˡ
Ĭٷ˵ĳѾԶȥͣһ¡һƿ־죬Ǳ߷ܶȥ
ģҶҶ֡û뵽ĬƿԼҪǰץĬĬѸ٣ȴץһա
ĬȥһĽѩ֣һĦг
־ŭæ׷Ĭˣлţǻؾ֣ȻҲҸÿ𲽣ٶֱȲĬܿŲס
ԿסĽѩڿĦгһ˲䣬ݹԼԿ״
ĬӹԿףɿķĦгԿ׶һӾͽĦгˡ
־ʱĬѾĦгŭһסĦгĳβȵģӹȻĦг
Ľѩ־Ųţһһ־ֱۣһִӻһ֤ȵؾ֡
־ֱ۱Ľѩʹޱȣܵɿ֣ûпĽѩ֤ʱĦг֮һ˳ȥ
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ʱǴͷľ˹־ļͷ˵Сȱȥˡ
־컹Щ˵ӳǲǾĹһĦгֱЩٷɶ񡣡
ӳ˵ذؾأȻôǰǾʱ¸ɣץҪ
־ҧҧǿǺðɣӳôšаذؾǾԶҪȻһúܲҡ
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ȻʱҵһĦгĬǰĦгϤһĦгܺ󣬺ܿܶĦгˡ
ˣҪˡĬ˵߽Ħгżӵ
Ħгʱһ⣬ߵĽɿ˦˺档
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ǰҲĦг˫ֶں棬һΣĦгٶʵ̫죬òһֱĬӡ
ͻȻĪĸоվȻЩ̣Ͼһαһкӡ
漴ûɬĸ飬ȡ֮һְȫУһֶİȫУָоҪǿ˵ʵЩİ
Ҳ֪쭳һΣյ飬ȴû˿ǡ
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Ĭ˳Ӱ󣬸æٶȡ֪Ȼ׷˷˳ԼȻûл棬ΪʱĽٷȻŽϸߵעֻҪһ˿£ǣƱػǿҵķӦ
Ĭȴȴ˷ɵĻᣬȴȡѻᡣ
Ϊ˲ýٷ˷ԼֻԶԶĸڷ˳ĺ棬ǰĦгӰ
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֪Щħ˵ûģȷܼŭǣԼֳֻܱĬ
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ʵЩٷȷʵٷĬгģץΪʣֻһɺϰˣ˭еʱԼҪأ
ҲûҪһû˵ĵطǿĴ㣬ҪľѾ׷
ȻȷʵƯҲǸصĻԼֻҪѾ׷ԺûŮֺαʱǷء
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ϴ˵Ǹ鷳ذװɱˡ֮Ҫ˽ذףȻǲ뷢̫
ǿϧ˽Ȼʹ˽ǲΥϴȡذףҪࡣ
˫ۣ˾ֵĲҽС
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ڽٷǶæ³ܣǴ򿪵ĳһ棬ԲûעߵĬˣȴǸĬľѻᡣ
ɱ˽Ĭ˫ڳһһ㣬˲们ֿٶ˽еĳǹһѱӣȻ͵һǴ򿪵ĳſڹ˹ȥ
ţǴߵӻûü³ʱŻæеĳǹɨǰŵĬ档
գǹһҹյĳ
վһǹӵʱĬѾ˳š
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Ĭոչ³ֳҲӦ˹һʱתǹͷ⶯˳ǹİ
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ĽѩǹİԼĸԵЩܡ
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˫ռһߣðȻǹΪֻᱩ¶Լλá
ΧͻȻһҹ紵ΧĻĲɳɳ죬ⰲĿյһ˼ֹ죡



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ȻǱһǹǹУȻӵ档
Ĭһʱ䷴ӦԷһ䣬ԷĿҲȻյ䱬ը
кһܡͬʱ͵ڵϵӾȻһӾվȻһ§ϵ棬ɿȥ
ողž˼ȵĿ־壬ʱûлеûˣȴֻĬץ§
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ܳ߰׺ĬȽһӵǰȻһ˵桭
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һ죬˸ոշһ˲䣬ըˣըܻ棬Ѱյ硣
ĬоʯͷɻԼıϣԼۣȷ֮ԼҲûܵ˺
汻ӵ£ҲõİΣЩΪĽѩģϾʼǹˡ
ʱȴǱĦгȻʣµģҪĦг
Ĭղڿ˳ʱ򣬾ͿǱͣĦг֪ǽٷ׼ģԱ˷˳ܹ
ȻŹǣĿȥÿĦгķȥæеĳǹȥıӰ˹ȥ
дһǶȥɡ
ʣµٷ˼Է̼ɱԼֵܣҲڼȿֻŵУڴ֮󣬻ΪĬѾشأҲѵȥǵĦг׼뿪ȴûע⵽ĬĶ
ȻûܶӵɨˣӶദĦгʱʧȥ˿ƣƵǰһˮשȥ
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һҲȻѾûٷڲʮʱͳͳŹȥˡ
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һЩУһɱ˶֮ĿУͺΪսɱУΪֵܱʱĸоһ
Ĭ뵽ĽѩƣĽѩһۣеû°ɣ
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ûɫ˵ԼɫңҲûеͷ̽棬ΪԼò
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ԣȻҪأҪصĻҪ󣬾ǲԼԼò
ʱŸоϵĬҵ飬ͻȻһ˿򶨣ܹôΣյ¾ȵԼԼ棬ԼôܻΣأ
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ͻȻԼЩˣԼôһˣЩжжΪԼڵ
ǸнĺеϢǿļЩ̣ĿҲиС¹ڱģԼΪʲô˷ӦҲ֪ԭ򡭡
û£ллˡ壬·һ峺Ȫˮ˹ɽ䣬޵ˬ͡
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΢΢һ㶣˵Ϊ˾Ҳ˵ģһ͵ҽԺȥɡ
Ĭɲı֪ĽѩݣæˣһȥˣΣգ㻹ǿؼҰɡ˵ͬʱеĳǹ˵ϣȻ׵ĽѩǰɣұȥҽԺ
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ĬҪȥʵڲʣԼûпԼ˵ӰҪȥĬѸ٣Լ׷ֻö˵ıӰеܸǵ𣬻ǵϵʽҵʱȥҽԺǡ
ˣ㻹Ǻúûȥһ̬ɡĬ˿ûмŲ̾ʧҹɫ֮С
Ķ˶ţСߴʲô𣬲ҿӣֶңǹ֡
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Ȼ˼ҲԼ֪ݣǾ˰ɣܲܺƤֹɡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôңѵֻΪ·ƽ·ƽҲƴǾ죬ɾֲɱ֮һ֮أ
ǵʲôأΪʲôң
ô˵ǶҵľˣԺܼǣһúúôлǡ
ֲɵ˸ղĬĽѩ龰ǵʲôϵأã£Ƿޣ
ҪŮӵʱŮ΢ЩԥôǵĹϵӦòǺܵġ
Ѱ˼֮ʣչıѵС㣬ǻǿҰɣܲȫġ
뵽ڵĵԼû֪ϢİڲϵܲܰԼһɣֻҪԼһ·ǻûлῴòǵϵʽ
ǣȴؼʱˣԼһ˽ûᡣ
뵽ֶԱŭһۣûߣһʲôȫأҵġ
漥̣ȻˬǹС㣬ˣǻȻȥɡ
ҲЩĳ棬ҧҧջǺһȥ
ˣǸղſҾ˵ûУʵ
ҲûпǵӣһֱǱǵġչı˵ղŷʱҲ鱦ǿ׷ġ
Сߴţô˵ר̸ҵˣǵʲôأΪʲô᲻һеľҡ



ڶʮ ҽԺ
ȻĬҲһЩ򵥵ҽѧƣЩܶҰʹõģڴУԵѡĽѩ͵ҽԺȥ
Ȼ͵ҽԺȥܻ˵˵ĻɣĽѩ˿ڶΣǻҪСöࡣ
ճβСĬڴ·һ⳵һ߶˾˵ȥҽԺһ߽Ľѩĵ˺ųϡ
ʱĽѩü΢΢΢Щ԰ףɫҲƺһ˿ɬϸϸĺССıǼϣڳ⳵ƹ£Өҫ˫Ȼʹɫȴʧ峺һȻ˵ˡ
΢΢İסҸΧѾѪֺһ飬ˮаҲδ⡣
ĬһϧΪʲô˵ĲҶ
Ҫ鿴˿ڵ뷨תһ룬ְ˿ڴǸҪ鿴Ʊɿ֣Ѫ
ʮӺ󣬳⳵빫԰ĬٴαĽѩȻҽԺ
ĽѩеǹˣҽԺڴ˿֮󣬻㱨ֵģɱٷֳҲһ̯ҪΪȥֺ֮ǣĬҵһ˵ĵطóͨźĵ绰
źĬĻ㱨󣬶Ĭ˵˵ҲöԴκκ֮ǣһȫȫġ
Ұȫ涨عִҪʱж赲ǶʱعܵɱˣĬղɱٷȫԭ֮ڵģеκΣһı֡
ĬлӳˣֻĽѩˣֲܳչܲܰչ
绰ͷźɣҽԺչᾡչ˵ġ
صǰϣĬڵĽѩƣֻȴˡ
绰ôģæ绰Сãڸʲô
ϰˣ磬ڸʲô˯𣿡ƽʱסУģҵĵһǸ绰
Ĭ΢΢һ㶣˵и˵СˣҽԺ
ĸˣ˵ô˰öĬѶʶҲ
Ĭæһˣ㲻̫죬ҲûʲôһСˡ
ŶԼȥϺúϢ
Ĭ뵽쵽Сȥס飬æˣСã¶ܲǰ쵽СȥѸṩһķӣԸȥ𣿡
ôѽҵȻԸȥˡ绰ͷûȸԾҲ֪жô˷ܡ
ĬĻһůܸСôֺҸһƤӦеΡ
õ磬ܲ㻹ǺãһҪúøм
ţ»ȫܲĬܲͰȥĶҪŪȥ𡣡
ô찡óһᣬ磬ҿĩʱٰɣһҿ԰æҲһԼĶ
ɣȰҵĶȥĩٰģʱҲһЩ£ĬҵİΣǵģϣԼܹסǵΧ
Ǻðɣ磬ȥϴˣҲؼҡ
ӵȻĽѩףȴû˵ҪλҪѪҽֻиСʱʱ䣬ȡӵ˿ڡ
ҽԺҪرȥģո֮Ǿͽӵֵĵ绰˵Ѿ֪飬ҽԺȫΪƣҽԺҲû˺֮ǡ
һ˼ķ䣬ŴǿŵģټķֻĽѩĬˡ
ĬĽѩһ¿ˮݵУȵˮɡ
ĽѩмĿĬһۣӹˮ΢΢һ䣬ллˡ
ĬԱߵϣЦЦʲôڸоô
öˣûʲôʹĸоˡ
Ĭ뵽Լչ಻㣬ԼʵˣҪ𣿡
ĽѩΣ̾ҲҸĸ֪£Ǹͳ鲻չҵġ
ĬĵǲĸİǸТĵĺӣֻǣҲһֱɣվһչ뵽˵Ǿãǻչģȥϴּ䡣
Ľѩ̾һʵҲչҵģҰ־ûչˡ
Ĭһ㶣ʵҲز
Ľѩɫһ˿ҰڶʮǰͲмˣ
ĬǻͻȻоʲô϶סˣи̾ԭҲǸŮһΪҳĻأʵҲҳĻ䣬ôܳΪһع
ǸЦЦԲˡҪѯβмģֲ˼
ĽѩǿЦһ£ôأҲΪҺáĬһֵۣ֪ҰΪʲôм𣿡
ĬʵΪʲô
ҰһˣһľˡĽѩĿ컨壬˵ĻУһ꣬ҰڵľΧһ˼ĵ𣬵ʱǸطʧǳأкܶձѹ˷£ҰַȥԮľ񡭡
ҰڼһһҹۿҪǸ˾ȳˣڽһʱķȴǿΪ˲ÿѹԼӵס˿
ҰΪȼʱס°ȴԶûˡĽѩ˵ۿѾӯӯˮɫУȴǶ˱ˡ
ĬмҲнȻĽѩ׵ǷӢº˽ΪԼҲһˡ
ĬʵΪˣ㳤ѡ˾ˣȻ֪ĽѩϸǴʺǰҲһǸˡ
Ľѩ΢΢˵ͷȴû˵ʲô
Ĭ˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮˣǵʱ䲻ˣϢ
ĽѩĬЦЦȥɣûʲô󰭵ġ
ĬһЦˣôһ㲻һʲ˰ɡ
ĽѩæҲ˼ֻµĹ˵ĹȻǱ
ĬûʲôģҽϾˣٻȥ
ȻҲϢɡĽѩ
ĬȻĽѩһģ֪ҪĻϢԼϢҲ˯ãǱ㽫ԱߵչϲչƣȻɵ档
˱۾ûкܿ˯ҹĽѩ˵ʵں⣬һΪԼˣӻ΢΢Щʹǵһ˯һкԱߣһرĸо⵽ʲôоԼҲ˵
ʶĬǰǰи̾СȻᣬȴղžʱı־˵һУңһܻ˵ˣȻҲҹҵߡ
ǰ˵Ҫҽ㣬ҲûУЩΪ鰡ǺǣҪôܵܣǸöã
Ҳ֪Ŀǰҵһһͬ£ĵɽˣ
ô˵Ժ󶼻һģԸǵĹϵҲܽһɡ뵽΢΢һ䣬¶һЦݡ
ĬҲǻŽ飬õ¹ʶͬ£ԼɱЩٷ
ϢĽѩǵ㣬·ǸⲡһѼԼмַƵһЩ
ǾȵĺֲİСǰԼСڿһ𿴵ʱ˾ɳ˯ˡʱСϵζҲԼϢͣС̵ĺҲԼơ
ôôСһܽӴ
ú˰ɣȻȥˣʱ㡣
Ľѩ˵ǺðɣԼҪСġ֪汣ְҵǺõģԼֲЭˣΣյҲС
ĬһСĵģˡ
ҽԺĬҵһͤݹһԪң˵һݶձһǡ
ӹȡƬڿУȻ󷭿ձš
ֽϣȻᵽ붫·ٵ飬󣬻²ɱЩٷе˵ذؾе˵ǰȫعеĻ˵·ƽظˣֱռһ桭
Ĭֻ㿴һݲر⣬Ϊ֪ȫȻġ
ĬûлصסֱȥҡСּͣڻ԰Ȼٰ
Ϻ;췢˳ͻؾܹϳԼģҪǱϳԼǱȻǣԼɱٷ飬һԼ鷳һԼݱ¶
ڴ˿̼죬Сĵıܿ˾ҰΧֵõһס
µЩңҲԱԼϰ



ڶʮĻ ˮ
ȻһֹۻŮǽ飬ȴΪǣջϲɵıҲ˼̻̲
ûаٳֺʵӳĸǣٷֻǰԼΪץߣպ׼ŹԼģǷԼһ̣ȴͻȻðӰȻɱнٷˡ
֪ʵԼľǲøĸΪģԼԺжҲᱻĸһơ
ʹˣȻºʫ̺ǵǣһ˴̽ٷĵϸһٴμǿҵķͬʱ棬ҪԼİȫʶ
ǹ涨ƽʱԲȥˣ⼸ʱڣѧУȥˡ
汾ԸСʵں£ԼҲֻһˣϾҪġ
һ㣬ٷҪɱһ˲̵ĸܣԼǰûпǹңԶĶһ̣ʶĴͿɹ
ϣε飬μǶ񶾵ٷõӴԼ龰μǸӢ۶ýðԼ龰μǳضӵްȫеѹԼϵ龰
룬Ҫٷһһ̹һ̵齫ô⣬Լ˿̵ֽںη
ʱȻ๼ȫ亹
뵽׳ʲôӣʲô֣ΪʲôҪԼ
пڴϣ˫ĿɢǴԽǧɽˮ˲֪Զ΢΢̾һôأðΣվ˱ˣرȻòֶñ֪
磬ܲͬĬ½ЩᶯµסǰסûжٶסлļҾƷҪᶯĶ࣬ؾͰѱ˵Ķˡ
ЩᶯĶУĬľϻӣΪĬļ꣬ĬеѾˣԼȻǾļ걣
ľзŵԼ¹£ΪĶĬܣڱǵͬʱȴǱ֪ˡ
ڰԼĶԺõĶһȥ뵽ЩҪ˵õ˽ܣԼȴȥҶ
ɱٷ飬ڶıֽû˱ҲСˣȻյ˹ֵ֪ͨǲҪٵ£
һֱڼĬϤܣûʲôɸˡ
Ľѩƣĵ磬ҽԺ
ˮŵ̨ϣԱߵӣ΢΢ЦЩ𣿡
Ľѩ״̬ȸʱöˣɫѪɫ˫Ҳָǰɣֻ㷢ȴЩңϵˮζҲʧˣȻ춼ûлױ硣
ȴԵøȻĬöһУڼҵĴ㡣
öҶжˡĽѩݸһЦԿЦĹģص˲Ҳõúܿġ
Ĭ΢΢һҲЦ˵ôɶ¶ҵĹأһġ
ĽѩЦûмӣ찡˵µǶĬһݺ棬ӿͦģָһּĸоȴ֪Ǹˣǰйʲôʵ
С˵ģһأôȴֺ
ĬڨڨһЦҳ˻£ʲôأ
ĳҲһɡĽѩʡ
ĬȻ֪ĽѩԼǲǾ˳Ѱ˼ȷǾ˳ֻڵĬĬֻһ꣬ҵ׸ôشأ
һЦЦȻ˵ǾǰɣǸС˾
С˾ҲнˮǼ߻ء
Ǻǣ´һԷ;ˡ
Ľѩ˵ЩĬ¶ֶһݺøУЦЦˣ㲻˵Ҫҽôʹûйأ㲻ɣ
Ĭǰ˵Ľѩ㣬ֻڵһЦȴû뵽Ȼμģ˵𣬵Щ˼æôأֻ°ˡ
ֲǽ̹ùõģôҽ˰Ľѩװź˵
ĬС̣ǺǣʵС̻ͦİǲ֪С̣᲻ϡ
ϲϣԶˣ
Ľѩ˵ô˵϶ܵˣҪǲҽ㣬ҿɻġ
ĬһЦǰڶиеʱҲмŮҪҵܵܣǵСģȴȻҪҽ㡣
ֻ֪кϲϸãѵŮҲϲϸɵܵܣǺǣûн㣬Ľѩôһ㣬Ҳһ¡
뵽ЦǺãڿʼҾ㵱ˣĽѩ㣬кܶ鶼ģԺɵҪúùСܰ
ʱĬѾĽѩˣ˻ͬеľѾܽˣ˵Ȼ˼࣬һЩ͡
ĽѩȻһЦ¶ɰСţģġ
Ĭ뿪ҽԺʱߵңвС̣Ҳ;ȥסΧ
ںС̲Ǻ죬ʵҲԼûֱȥס뵽ȥС̶ˮһ
ܹ͸С̵ĴڣһϤӰֻӳڴϵһӰӣ
СǡС־ı༭ס־Աߵһǰһʮ׿ĵеֵбСסĵطһŵСˮɡ
һʱƽ׵СˮɣСһƽˮɣֻʮԪĳ趼ѵġ
߽ˮɵſڣȻǼ򵥶صĸɵĵƣ谵ŵĵƹ⣬ȻζȻԵЩƽȴһܰĸо
ģˮﲢ˲Ǻܶ࣬Լʮ˵ӡ˶ǳ˫ɶԣе죬еںȾƣе˿ˣе˵Ļ
ˮɵǲƳɵ͸ǽڣÿԿС̵ĴĬ
Ŀ䵽˶¥С̵Ĵûеƹ⣬СȻڼңв˼֣ߵˣСӦ°˰ȴ֪ȥʲôطˡ
ӻȡǣһڿУȻſϣŲƮƮµĲҶþ÷
вɵǰСһȲ龰ȻֻΣȴ¡
Ѱ˼֮ʣȴ̨һϤƿպưɡȻ֮䣬ȴ̺ųеĴԡ
ĬĿһС̣С̾ȻҲˮˣû뵽ôɵ顣
ĿһʱͶ˹ȥСпڰ̨һ׺ɫȹȹĺŵúܵͣ¶ۼѩɢ㷢ӳ£Ե˵Ը·УǶһЩϸƬˮɲʵƵ£ҫ
ֻǣС̵ȻԵЩƣƺǳе̫̫ѹ
ֻ̨Ա˼㣬ҪȾư岻õġȻԱˣϾС̾סڶ档
С̵ûʲôģİˡ
Ĭз·𵶸ʹԱСˣСǰЩǾһ˵ƾưСǰͲȾƵġ
С̻ûдҵָҲ࣬һӶֿȻжȹġ
ýˣҵҸᰲοοҲ㯡
СһĵطȻѡλãһԲõƷ
˼㣬ĺơԱһƿƺһıӷŵС̵ǰ
СƣСĸԼ˰뱭Ȼĺһڣⷢ
Ĭ̾˿ԼĲС̵ȥСӵԱߣкС̣û뵽Ҳ˵߽ϡ
СŷĬ΢΢̧˫ĹԼϵĸɶӣæЦЦĬ㰡ôˣѰ˼Ǹôᵽˮأһǡưɣ
ĬĶ棬ЦЦղżǾ͹ˡ
СҸղŵûп㡣
Ĭ̾ΨķûпҲ֮е飬ֻǣ֪ǰҾİķ
ЦЦ֪ʵС̣ôһ˺ƾأ鲻𣿡
С̵һЦҲ鲻ˣġĬһۣʵҪȵ
Сǻɢ˫ĿԹݵĬֻǻ϶£з·ζƿһӿ
һûС̺ȹأͺúõɣһɢһ飬ҵӡ˽⣬Ͼڵһ֪
뵽ͷǾͺһɣҵľޡʵľǺܺõģֻС̺ȵ̫࣬Ǿ˵Լľˡ
СЦЦȻԷԱеСøƱɡ
ԱڽƱŵĬǰʱĿ΢΢һĬа룬˭أô˼һȾƣ˼ǰǴһȾƵİ
СƿĬ˰뱭Ȼӣ˵һɡ



ڶʮ С̵ϰ
ŮǰĬٶԵЩ󣬵СǰȴȻ⣬ϾǺԼ÷ˡ
ĬٱС̱ȻŵڱߣĺһڣС̣ǷԱͦģ㾭𣿡
˵ͬʱĿȻȻ䵽СаָϣָȻָи̾СûдǽָȡˣҲûѰԼҸˡ
ˣҪȥˣС̲Զù¶ͱ𣬶ҲΪٵСҸʼٸߡ
ΪֶλôˣȫֶȥǵģҲ䵽̵³
Ҫǲ̣СöĵøҲȫ뿪ȻٵһɰŮҸ
ⱾүⰲŵľɣܹٴλصС̵ߣСܹӵи硣
뵽Ҳƽˡ
С̾һǰԴСȥ֮󣬾;ˡ˵ţֽĿۼм棬˳˼
ĬС̳˼ȥҲĿۼλðϣǷһСˮ̨ϣ滹һɫĲ֣Ѿȼһ룬ҫԵмį
ĴǺҺƿǱԵբţĵĻ·һĹӡ£˴Ĳк
Իε⣬Ĭ·𿴵С̵ĹâС˫ͫһһչůĹâᣬС̵ˮΎϴ˵ꣻϸССǽСޱߵľȼഺļ顣
дУС̽궼ʮˣУҲС̵ഺεţȻᣬСȴٵ˰һþҸĻɴ
ǣڵĬ֮ǰִӦ֯С̣ҵ׸ôأ
ҲԶţΪ嶯غڱͺ͵ȴ
ˣڿȺСϤϤԺһչϵȻܰڵңٻøУһҸһ죬Ҳܸ׽ˡ
뵽оͰ¾һҪСǰúñ֣ȡõϲ
ƱЦЦС̣ǸɱɣǹȥЩĵ顣
С̾ٱĬ˸ɣǿЦһ£ȻҲǹȥ飬ֻҺСĸʵںܺãȻΪС̣ȴСһˣһ𳤴󣬸׽ܶףͻȻ뿪ңһʱôܹȴ˵СְĿ䵽Ĭϣþû뿪
ĬС˫Ŀˮ۽ǸһξӨ͸ӯӯ׹меʹůܰìܵý壬Ҳ˫ӯ⡣
Ϊ˲С̿Цûеˮ
С̼ĬᣬΪԼĻĵõأСǲ˼ˡ
ĬÿɷֻǿЦһ£С̣óҶˡ
СҲˡСЦһ£ĿⶨĬ˫ֵۣС˵ģҾС񡣡
ĬһС̵Ĺ۲컹ϸģҲãܹøУЦЦôô˵ҵĵĺ𣿡
ĺ˫۾񣬻ĺܶΪϰߣҲ񡣡С˵
ҲǰɡĬĿС̶һᣬ˵С̣㲻ԺͰҵСɣĺӵһС̡
Сϻһ˿ϲã漴޾ȻС㲻÷ĳ󣬶ҺȻмƣôܴеĵλ
Ȼô룬л˵ǺãԺ͵СˡһᣬֵҲ̫СܸоЩŤҽɡ
Ĭ΢΢һڿĸɶӣã㣬ǲ˱𣬶ҴǽС̣һǿºѸĿڡ
нҲһôǵıһģԺȴǸ׷չǵĹϵ
Ѱ˼֮ʣС̵ˣҽĸɶӣȴ˱֣㻹ǽС̰ɡ
ţһط׵С̡
С΢΢һСһֱңôң
û飬ƿĬ˰뱭ƣתƻСһ֪Ĺȥ˵𣿡
Ĭ̾һҵϼǽʡũģһгüͥġϸĽĬ˵˳ʱҲ¶޵ȻƺǰԼĬˡ
СĬ󣬶ӡһа̾ԭǸ˿ĺӰҸǸĵúӣѹָղŶˡ
С㻹ҪǵС㣬Ǹöðֻǡ
ƱĬ˵СǰЩ˵鶼ǰɡȻֻǷοĬĻҪطǣǾԲܵġ
ʱһסһ˺ѡĸȴĬע⡣
ݳһӣֶ֮ɫɣڴþûص
ĬͻȻ£С˵С̣㳪ҲȥһװɡкܶȻвͨģøͺñˡ
СЦЦʱɤӲôãȥɡʵǰҲͦϲģطȥԺͺٳˡ
ãʱҪѸľŵĽ͸ȥʱȴܹһһȥеǷݶе黳ȥǷݵˡ
Ĭȴô룬иһ޴йϣøЦЦҳһװɣҲõһա˵űϵıʣרıд˸Ȼ󽻵˵̨
ĬԼĸ質ˮƽͦŵģϾǰϰ裬ɤ÷ǳ࣬Ǹ֮ˣϲµʱһЩȾǿиղŵһסһֱߡܹǡֵıԼʱľ
ܿ죬ֵĸ̨ϣζĿСһۣ˻Ͳ
Ʈ֮УдԵ
ѵʱں顣
еҹǳӰ
֪ӺʱʼǿŻȵġ
ĵĸ㣬ȴں˵ԡ
ǻ죬ֻϣҵߡ
˵Щԣʲôʱܹʵ֣
ȥഺգǲܰѰǨ
ҾҪ뿪һ죬Ը
ȥֳ֡
ֻȴ֪һֱߡ
Ĭã׸ƺڸ質ԼС̵Ĺ£ԼС̵ķչһԼС̵ԸʱȴѾ̡
ԼС̵ȥֳֵʱ򣬿Сȴ֪Լһֱߡ
뵽ĸ質ҲͶˡ
˼ҲĬĸ˻ǵĸˣи̾׸ǰθҺСĹƣֻС뿪ңȴûٴλصҵߣһֱˡ
뵽һ꣬뱭ƣһȥ
ʱȴԱߴһ˵˼ôһ˺ƾơӱ˵˼λϡ
ʮһ䣬һװҵĸͷòˬʣϴƤͷϵķ⣬˿ˬƮݣŮϲĳɹӢˡ
˼ò̧ͷۿ֪˭ΰǡС־ĴʼˣҲ˵ϰ塣
ΰȻʮ꣬ȴһΪĳɹʿӵСС־⣬ӵмлʲǧϡ
ҵгɵȴδ飬⵽ΪŮ˲ȤΪֵܻҲ͸ṩ˽ӴŮĻᡣ
˼´򹤣ȻŹˣ֮ǰ;Ϊ˼̬ȼһֱûռκαˡ
˼ΰаɻôˣҲ֪һС棬᲻εĳ档
˼ȻЩˣǱȴǿΪǳϲС־༭ϰΪû̫Խ֮£Ҳ



ڶʮ С
ΰĬľƱӻһ˿죬ʵ˼ô
˼̧ͷ˿ΰЦǵģڳء
ΰĿƳһ̨ϵĬһ꣬в²˼ĹϵС˼ݻѣôǰûм
зԱһӣȻֱ˼Լ˴뱭ƱЦЦ˼ҾһϣЩĵ顣
˼˾ƱȻһںȥ
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Ӧط㱻֮ŴģĪֶָ͸ģѵϲСӣ
ǰȻ˼طĹϵܾòܳ飬Ͼ˵Ĺϵ⡣ǣطȥ˺龹ȻһֱԹݣƺȫʧȥȤòطǰĹϵ
žžžĬһ꣬ʱһƬ˼Ҳ˫֣þòͣ
Ĭصλʱһʱ俴ΰȻʶˣ˴ĳֽǶ˵Ҳ֮һ
˼ĬæܵСϰΰΰĬҽĸɶӡ
ĬòĶΰЦЦȻҲԼλϡ
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˼ĬԱæ͵СѾҵˣڹˡ
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ڶʮ߻ ҹ
ΰ˼Ľкиӿ϶˼ΪطˣȻһ󼵶ʣȴȼ׷˼ϣΪ˼֮ԶĬ׽ΪطվʱģʱһȻʱԼҲ˻ᡣ
뵽ͻȻЩطСˣȻ˼ԻͶĻڣȴǸҴ˻ᡣ
˼СС㣬㲻Ҫϴˡΰѵ
Ĭȭͷǳȥѵΰһ٣뵽Լڵݣջ
˼ȻмԺΰȥɣССչңûµġá
ĬСҪµӣæȥһ裬ŵС̵ǰһС̵񱳣һ߹еС̣³ͺˡ
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ˣʱϵĬСһۣתȥ
ĬȥıӰС̾һ



ڶʮ˻ 
¶¶ҲμˣҰ費ҳԵ绰ĺý˵
棬ȰȰɣҳĺӣһֻһأҪ㲻Ƕɨ˰绰ͷһĸɸ絽ʱҲܰҵһµưȻһᱻݵġ
绰ͷŮ¶ĴѧͬͬѧҲҪõĽãʮ꣬Ҳĳɣշǳӡ
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˶ţĬȻ̬ȶԴңҾŹġ
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ڶʮŻ ϲ
󣬾Ϳʼһķż١ںСſڣһĬЦӭ磬п粻ϰ𡣡
ãһɫѧ˫¾ɵЬȻЩ壬ȴһֹɵĸо
˫ɷϵƣ̬֮Ҳûˣȡ֮޾ĻãĬһμʱͬն
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һ¥һţܿ͵Сݡ
ȻֻСס˼ϣǻصĬȻܰĸоΪøӡ
õĶ࣬һЩôźѧϰƷĬһıһξͽЩװ˿ڴ
磬ͱһˣС⹷ᡭðѱæŪĬıϣȻԵһֻëС
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ûϵģֻҪСˣ治ʲôϵأĬֲʡԼòŸҲΨһС飬ȻҪϧˡ
Ĭһԭﰡѹôϧһᣬ˵СãûϵģĤ˺ɣˣٸһˡ
ˣһˡа룬һԵģΨһĸڻܲһǮأǮް
ĬȻµ룬˵Сã㲻õǵľˣҸɣѾǹˡΪ˾ʱѧأڵ绰˵飬ǰû
ǹˣܲǺãȻָǹˡһϲеë޹˴Ĭֱۣ׷ʵ磬˶أ
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ĬЩЦãΪԼڼȻõĸ磬Ǿ͸ðʵҡͷǧ򣡡
ȸԾͻȻĬ磬ԭںҿЦһΪ˵ءȻûж֮⣬ȴһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
һ׷ǮŮ෴һڼԼŮֻǽǮڵ˵ʵһϡȱĶ
ǰ˵ǵǧȻǾ㼫ϲΪ粻þܻǷˣ˵·ŸĻˣΪںԼЦء
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ĬȻҲܰĸоõԼͬ˯һݡҡҡͷһУСã㳤Ӧöˡ
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˿̣ٴθܵΥķ²мֲ
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ھѵĳУһ·˳߷Ӿ͵ľ֡
˾ԺĬһʱСηСηȻûмǰɭĬȻԼĻǶο̹ĵ
־ǰѻë˼ˣѾСʱ֮ĬűǴҡ
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ӵǰһŲƳɵİ칫һ̨ʼǱԣһ̨ӡһDVһ̽յһ⣬Ӧҹʷá
ĬղץԼԱʱ־ѾѶ֮ƳĬһۣбǱ㿽Ѷϣϣܺ
ģڿǵĵϣĬһ䣬ȷʵбǲ֣ҿѾǻëϵˣǰĻΰ˳Ҳһϵ
־һۣҲ𻰣ߵѶϣɫƽѶ档ԱһһңһϵչĬĲϣһǽеĽܺӺһһĬӾȫסˣȻ̫ܣȴû˻ɡ
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Ȼ־ֻһζȴûӹĬ۾ĬһЦ׼Ҷ˽̰طɲǱŴģ㱻ϣԸǼСһҲӦûж⡣
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Ҫ𣿡־Ӳʡ
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Ĭƽ͵İʵһ飬ĩ˻ٴˣģҵʱֻǾǻëֵûɣԲõвģǡñײˡ
Ĭ㻹ڱࡣ־һѾŪˣ겻СİСײһ£ȻͶŭˣذвǿذϼָƵģؿڵ׺Ͳϵ˿ھõ֤ݡ
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ĬаСӵĻȻЩҿˣֻϧְλ̫ˣͲ֪ࡣ־һۣЩм˵Ҳܻش㣬õȸһľңҲܻشԭ򡣡
ô˵ȫ־죬Ϊ־ְλȷʵˣǲܰԼݸ־ģȻ͸¶ԼݣͲĽ
־ʱžһϣʲô̬ȣ
ǽǿľԱǻðɣԸ磬СǷᣬǺαغ˵
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ǿ¶һ˿֮վԱߵһߵĬߣһþ֣һЦСӣղ˵ʲôأ˵һ顣˵ݺݵһĬͷ
ԴһײӱĽϣҲһʹĬȭͷҧҧ벻ҪҶֶţѶƹȨġ



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־һԱнǰЦСӻǿʱס˫֣һѶϣȻҴԲѵ˵֣Ű򰡡
ӣȻ֪ѶƹʰǿЦСӣѶƹô㷴˵ĬԴһѡ
Ĭ˫ĿŭܵĵǿϵһһģϵļҲƺסˣһ㶨
ģʲôӽҪѵ㡭ǿδ䣬ֱ˳ľĬĴȻȥ
Ĭų˿ɲٴγԿˣ̤ڵϵĽż΢΢ӺξȻһͬȥȴǡö˾Ĺ
ǿû뵽ĬˣȻܶԼĹ¾ͬʱһɨ˹ȥҪĬСȡ
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ӺڵʮȽǵʱȵȻǡ˾ϡ
ȻĬι죬һŵȻСǿʼδֻһϵľȻѷ˳ȥ
ǿ֮ʣ˾鷢ˣŵ̤Ĭ˫һӾȻһһ㣬Ѷм们˳ȥ
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һ죬εһײ־ľϣһȻ־档
־еľҲ˿ȥ͸ѿѪֱݸǱ˼ţĬһµж
һ̣һԱеľȴһĬıϣĬȻоһĵʹȴû⣬ֹһӣһջǾԱؿڡ
߹Ƕѵ𣬾Աӷ˳ȥһ̲̱ĵϣڵһҲȻѾ˹ȥ
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硭ǿԴһֻӽŻУҲ˵ϡ
һӺȫ̱˵ϣ˻˹ȥ־Ƿʹ
ĬǱպĺۼģ붯ֵģǱҵġ˵ߵѶԣϵԿףȴϵȻٴ򿪲ϵŶ˵ˣӦûؼˡ˵ţȥ
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ĬһЦǳѶҡ
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콣ȻطڣȴһˬֱѧԱ׽طһҲǶлˣ˽ȻطرиУټط㣬͸طˡ
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Ǿͺãһ͸绰ԭίԼʱһ档
ǺãлŶӳ
Ű¼֤ݱܺãʱԽź˶٣ͻȻʲôֵˣ׼ô顣
ĬһʱȻȴǲ֪ôشҸúýѵΰһٵģǱϾΥ飬ԼҲ˼ϼǰʵ˵
֪ʹӣҲȷʵִ򣬵һһݣһ̰ɡź޵˵ˣҪôѵǾˡ
ĬȻź˼æллӳѣҲ嶯µġ
УҲٽӴĸĸС̣Ͼ˵Ļɡ
ĬȻЩͬǴˣԺٽӴǵġͬʱ°ֻǽٽӴȴûнҲӴûһϸı׼ҲǲΥ涨ġ
Ǻãȹˣһʱϵҡ
˵绰Ĭһ󳩿ĸоŶӳҳ¼֤ݣʱԿĻ񾯣
ΰȴЩڵǲѵˣҰڵˣ͵űʰɣ
˿ʱ䣬Ѿǰ˵ˣȻʱȥ¶ҲμѾˣضȥ



ʮ ӵ
صСĬȥһ£ϲȥǱѽƵȥ
صסѾǾŵˣԷҵĬæԷ˳Ц˰Է˰ɣ
ĬЦûأûµģȥҵɣԼŪˡ
æУųˣڿ϶۵ģȥŪɡ˵ţȥˡ
Ĭ¶һҸЦݣǴ򿪵ӻ
ʮӺñڵķ˶һཷ˿һ̺ӣһСһݷʢ͡
ڿУĬޱȣָоĸ׺С̸ԼŪķˡ
ĬĲ棬ĿתĿԷӣЦ˵磬˺ùǲԺͿԾˣ
ĬһЦȻˣٶٳⶼУһС
С죬ߣ˼ҲŲСأһϲġ
ţò᳤СûԶġ
ղŻ˵һ᳤ֵġ˵ͻȻָĲЩպۣæе磬㲱ôպۣ
Ĭ΢΢һЦû¶ղųȥʱˣ޳ʱŪġ
۲أĬĸš
һС֣аָһůĬӵļ֮ϣһỬĴУһ󴥼е˵
ĬЦЦأСãŪø
ҾҪɦõܷܷ֣ȻĬĲ档
ĬЦЦûٶ˵ʲô
һְĿۼĬƷϣʵ磬ʲôأһ˵һǺӣϸĴš
Ǳ˵ĶĬæ
ҿʲôɡ΢΢üЩɻ磬òҪ͸ĸŮӵİɣ
Ĭᣬ͵Сģ͸һѣûѣֻаѶˡ
Ŷ͸˵İѹŪôƯýƷתȥĴһֵӺᰡҲ֪װʲô磬ǰ򿪿һ°ɡ
ôأǱ˵˽⡣Ĭæ
㻹֪˽أֻ˵˵һķӦЦ˵š
ѾͷֶˡĬûĵһۡ
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ͱˣǸϵˡĬʵڲףΪʲôҪȥŮ棡
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ȥĸĸȻǸɽ庢ӣȴһůļңֻĳȴǶȥǱ
뵽Ȼһ󵶽ʵʹͿãı˫۸˲䱥ˮբ
ĬñͻȻת䣬æе꣬õļͷᰲοǸ粻ˣֻҾԸ񲻺ϡ
̧ͷĬգգˮ۾СڣЩί˵磬ֻһ㣬ڹϣŲᡭΪ㣡
ĬĿһԭСһ棬ȻΪ˰£ϵʱʱ̶̿ΪԼ롣
Ͷ˶Ҫ˵ʲôɻڱߣȴǻ
Ľ¥˹ĶͷԼǿļϣһܰ
ĿڸĻҲһůӿˮҲסˣĵĻ
һεαˮļͷȴƻȵҽġȥ龰ʱС̣ҲԼļͷϣᡭ
Ĭ˺һᣬſ˵Сã治Ϊҵģ㲻Ϊ絣ġ
ţΪôã϶Ϊ㡣˵
ĬĻܸоζҲֻӲͷƤ˵ţΪңҲòȥˡ
Ҳˡ
һʱûֻǾӵţ
㷢ḧ£ĬЩĸо㷢ƮǰϢһ˵ķҷһڣ·ɵ˾⣬һƮƮĸо
оЩɣҲмĪĲ
ڸůȫĻҲЩӿ죬ƺһʵĸоָоüĸоƺŮ֮ĸо
Щĸоӵֹͣʱܹͣһ̣
˺һᣬĬƿõӣˣһЩĵˡ˵ͬʱȥĲȥϵۡ
գգۣƤЦЦҲû벻ĵأΪĺùˡһᣬֵ磬ҸоļͷƺǰˣҲҩԵʰɡ
ĬһЦȻˣҩıҺܶࡣ
أԸҲ˺ܶ࣬ǰſˣҲǰֹ۴ˡǻЩ˫ۣʱȴǶ˼ֵֻɡ
ĬһЦǺǻأ
ȻǺˡһЦҸϲڵأһͲɫĸ硣
Ĭ°̾һһʱҲ֪ôӦõĻ
磬Էɣ˶ˡѵ
Ĭ˵ͷӣ˳
֪ôģղŻķˣڳȴƶһЩζƺһζԺݵζ
극ñʰ꣬ĬæСãˣȥæĹΰɡ
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ĬпЦһ£˵أҪǲȥΣҿҪ˵ţ
һǺðɣϴ֮󣬼Űѹˮɡ



ʮ߻ 
ϴĬһˮ裬ŻصԼңһС־ϸϸķ
ЩСѡ£һرĸоֱĹ
磬һ¡õĬ˼һ˵Ĺ˳
Ĭ־ߵſڣﴫĳˮȻϴ衣ĬµýԼԭæʵСãˮ²𣿡
ѽˮúҰѻ𿪴һ㡣
ţǺãȥ㿪һ㡣Ĭ˵ţȥˮĻ𣿡
ٴһ㡭ˡ
ڻҵ;УĬԼڲſվסˣǻˮǲӵ΢죬ǿľȻм궯
һԼգȻٵĻصԼĴϣ־
֪ѾʮһˣĬ־˵ƣɵϣ˼Ӧôͽ顭
ۣС̵ӰٴθԺеɵָ˵
շתܾöû˯ţ˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮˣֲɵĸףĸ׽ڰȴǲߣ
оЩ⣬׼ȥϲ뵽ﻹãҲֻд϶̿£ȥ˲
ճ÷΢Ŀһ㶣СôˣΪʲôڿأ
ſվվõķ䣬ţСãôˣ
ûʲô磬㡭û˯õЩ졣
ĬȻµôʱ飬֮ģ׼ȥοһ£˵СãһŰɡ
ûԼɡûȻ
Ĭ΢΢һűˣԷﲢûпƣֻǴӳĵ⡣òŵ˴ϣ΢΢ĳ鶯ţϸĿ
ĬţߣķõıϣСãôأ
òһϵˮ鶯һӣ磬ˡ
ĬĿһ𣬽ĸ׽ڰСôСʧȥĸףȻˡæסõС֣οСãˣиء
šһͻȻӿͷĵ磬ȥѵƴ򿪣Ҹ㿴һ
ĬæȥչơʱǴԱߵȡһЩƾɵĻĬ˵磬㿴ҽ컭Ļÿ𣿡
򿪻ܣвֻвļȻæڸѧҵãûжʱȥȴҵమ֮һżҲʱ
ڱģһźڰ裬һʮҵĸŮòЩɼϵİƣͷҲЩңʾһӶũҸŮ
Ȼûˮƽһ㣬ҲЩɢңȴǸŮֵ÷ǳλ΢΢ͣ¶һŽ׵ݣԵúҸӡ
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磬һ𣿡ʵĿﱥˮڵƹ£һһģ޵Ĵ
ĬȻûмĸ׵ӣǴӻϣǾ⻭ñЩƣæͷ޵úܺá
ȴҡҡͷûЩȻӻҪأֻѾǲ̫ˡ
ĬҲܲסеϧһ¥õıԼĻУСãˣÿأҪˣҲ۵ġ
ýӿڸĻУʹˮٴλǡȾĬؿڣһĸо
磬Ҹղˡμ˰ְֺ衭μμĳôʱѾ᲻ˡ
ĬĴõĺ󱳣˵ţСãȥȥˡ
ӳ鶯һ£ƺûĬ˵ĻԼξһӣǲȥϡϼģȴˣӣҪǴȥǨңҲʹȥˡ
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˵˫۳ƿբţᾡšĬؿڵʪ˺ôһƬˮһı׶һ㣬ġ
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Ĭ˫Ҳˮǰĸΰģ£ǺԥԼǿԼĺӣĽԶѹ
ȻǶ϶˵ʱ򡭡ҷ֣Ȼǽӵм䣬ʱѾѪģˡ
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Ĭûлشõʻõ˫֣ȴӵøˣ
һžž漴һҹԵø̶
һҹ紵ľɳɳ죬żһ֦֮
һᣬС꣬εδϣ죬õĿһ𣬷·һʫ衣
Ĭи̾յǱ޳ǰҹʣھȻ˷꣬СõӵһҸļͥģȴΪһĳ˱֮У
ãȻţƺѾ
ĬҵģҪ˵ʲôһʱȴҲ԰οĴ
ãò˵磬ְ뿪ˣԺ뿪𡭡˵ǰʱ鴦Ѫ飬һ£ȴǽӱøˣʧһ㣡
ĬȻоõľɵñʱԼĻط磬ԶҪСãҲ֪Ѿ
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óһᣬʣҪԺŮѣ۰С𣿡
ȻᣬԶô۰СáĬ˼Ӧš
ţԺŮѣҲҪ͸סһԶֿϸš
ãĬƿõӣ˲ӵˮСãˣ˯ɡ
ţҲȥ˯ɡӡ
ĬһᣬվԼķȥˡ



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С㣬û͸¶ԭ¡ĬƷзŵ˴Ĳ輸ϡ
ʱ棬ڴɳϣһ֦ζĳšתĿƳĬһۣһ仰Ҳû˵ǲͷȥͶ׼Ͱžһеһ֦˳
ĬЩΣվһԣһʱҲ֪˵ʲô
ʱʫӱ¥ĬվɳԱߣȻЦСվŸʲôأ
Ĭ΢΢һ㶣Ķ棬˵С㣬ġ
汾ĬģǼĸҲ̫ĬٴνԼС㡱ȴץס˰ѱĴĬ˵˭СˣҪС㣬Լȥ
ĬȲҲ˵ȥ¶ҵ;У·һεˣȻҾͣ³ȥҽԺʵҲƭˣڵֲ࣬Ϊ̫ʹԼԼҲֻб˵ˡ
ͱȥҽԺӴû뵽㻹ôһĳˣ䳰ȷ˵š
ʫӱԱߣЩ𱸵˵С棬ôôò
Ŀתʫӱ˵С죬Թ裬ҶòСʵ̫ˣһܵ˾ҲˣϽ¶¶Ȼûа쵽ڻҽڡ˵¸ŭ裬ϰְҪɣһҪȰȰǵûõļһ
Ȼ˵ԼǸûõļһĬȴûκĸоΪԼûǰֹʲôôΪҲȻġ
ʫӱ΢΢һС棬ôô˵أ˵С·鷳ˡʫӱʵĬҲ̫˽⣬ܾĬǸʵĺӣȴЩĻ
ţ˼·ˣ·˶ûкİæһģôȥˡƲ˵
ĬѣҲ˼˵ʲôҲûбҪۣ㽻ҵûɣȷʵҵĴ
Ϊϴ𣿡ҧгݵ˵㻹Լ˰ɣǼǲܼƸˡ
ʫӱС棬ֶӦСˣҪһµأֵ֪Ϊ˵ġ޷棬ֿһԳеˣôҲӦС֮ٴɣ
ߣƸ˾ֲǰƸ˾Ӧ˵㡣ֵĬһۣĬ߰ɣҲ뿴ˡ
ĬЩŭˣҧҧվſڶȥȻľ׼뿪ˣǾãͷϣǵ˵ɡ
ĬķӦЩ⣬ΪĬİԼȴû뵽ʹȥвЩӲ
ͷǰ׳գȻĻҲȡһ£˵˵ûһῼٸһᡣ
뵽ǰĬԼ򷢼е飬¸ŭأСʵĿˣԼķ붼ҪˣȻֱͲ˵ı֣һũĴӦеı֡
ʫӱĬûκ뿪ˣҲΪҪǵ̾һС棬㻹ԣ°˼ˣ˰ɡ
裬СӲǸ̬һһܰ׳գҪ浱˾ҲҪʱʱ̵̿ҵΣգ˵Ҹòô˾أ߷߲ƽ˵
ʫӱŮѶҲúۣǨǺðɣҲҪţһܴµĹʸˡ
һɣʲô鶼ûȻҪùʣ㵵죬ʾԼܲ⡣
ʫӱȻҪȻֶӦһµڣȻøʣܲΪǮҵɣ˵ˣСõҲҪǮ
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УҲ׷ŹСӣһҪСӳԳԿͷҪְ֤СӸһܵķϲġ
Ҫ֤һ㣬Ҿͱҵ˾
ߣĬΪô׾Ҳûôأ͵ҽҴĿɣʱһôҶ
뵽裬ȻǾһµڰɣµڲϸҵʱٻ˾
ʫӱ΢΢һȻЦҵĹŮͨð
뵽ĬԼҴĿʱĲ±һˣһЦ裬ĽգȻӦĻ˵סʫӱֱۣ裬һףտ֡
صסĬüʰЩ˵·æСãȥӰɣϴ
Цкϴ·أϴˡ
Ĭûʲôģѧϰ࣬ӦϢһ¡˵ţе·
Ҳٺ͸ˣ˵Ǻðɣϴ·ȥŪ
Թ緹Ĭոϴ룬ֻˣ绰ģ΢΢һ£绰ССģ뵽Ļһ룬˻
ĬڵȥŵͣȫȻûա
ĬæӦõģϾȥЩɻôѾͷҵ̬ͻȻһٰʮת䰡òʲô̼ɡ
㣬ڳ㡭



ʮŻ 
ĬͣʱѾǺɫĸϣ仹ƺ֡
Ĭ΢΢üȻҲʻңһ߿ţһҪ𣿡
¶ĿȻǳǰûʲôʱҳȥʲô
ĬϼʻңһۣЩʵҪȥʲôطŷ֣ĴŴкܴĲ
ͷϴһɫѼñ㷢ʹͷڵסˡƺûлױˮĴ۾СͷСɵ죬Ȼ˵ˣ
ϴһ״״ɫߵͿ˶ҲǴһ˫Ϳ˵͸˶Ь˼ִŮʱгȴعȻ˶Ϣһݴţһ߹°ǧС㣬һ±һÿɰڼŮٶĬ˵ǰ˼еĸо
һ˿Ʈ˹ȻõϵζĬһĻ굴ĸо漴ʹ˶Ĵ磬ȻԼһеˮζ
ζһŮı־ɣǲȥı־ģõζĹϵ
ȻĬղŻ棬һľ룬Զζû̫ĸоʱһνŵζѹµĸоȻ֮٣ȴǻζ
ޱ˵СӲǺܻῪҪһĿ鳡ؾСڵЩ·
ĬʵҪô飿
ܣȰѳȥ
ĬΪԼҲһ취ϿԼĳҲһ顣˵ͷǺãȥһ³˵˳
ĿƳĬһۣߵװģװʲôʱ򡣡
ĬȻ棬ȷԺٴ˼ʻңһһ߶˵ϵϰȫ
С￪һϵʲôȫأЩм˵
ĬϵϵĺãұΪ㰲ȫ𡣡
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Ĭ΢΢ҡҡͷ棬
ת򡢱ãĬÿһŷǳλñ̵Ҳ˿Цԡ
СӵĻѵСῪʵЩɻûеѽҶˣҲû˵Ὺ˵ˣʹῪҲܷһݸнְҵȴƫƫһ԰ӹ
˶죬Ҫʵʲôڱߣȴû˵
ӿͣȻͰҪڻ԰ĸСʻΪ˱֤İȫĬûа̫졣
һΪĬٶһ㣬Ϊҿأ˵ʲôٶȣڹ𣿡
Ĭǰƽ͵ĴֻԳòſ쳵ûϵȫΣա
ߣԼȻ˵ΪҵİȫһαļһǲҰѰȫϵϣͻῪ죿
ҲᣬֻԳûǸҪ
ҿСӸͿ졣ݺݵĵĬһۣĬ۾ǰûпŭ
һŭüͷȵͣҪ³
Ĭͣ·ߣʵҪʲô
ܵ𣿡򿪳ţԽ·ߵƬ̵أȻǱߵһϡ
Сĵشǰ漸״ǸʮĶ˹
ĬڼʻĿ⣬ľɫˣ˹ƺƵ̲ƮƬƬ̺ɣˮ߸ˮ㡣ĴһССͤŶˡͤƺ«죬Ĵ߽̻ԻͣʣĽǵķӥչᣬɡ
ߣһε˿һֱ棬ϸҶŵˮ飬ԶԶȥͺһɫıʯͽˡױһߣ˿Сĺ塣
£һƬĵĲݵأݵϰźܶˮӣԷСϢ
һ΢紵浴Բ⣬ͤĵӰһҵˮʻǳ֦һɫȹĹŤ裬ʤգ
ǰ죬ĬΪæԲû̫עľɫĽ죬ǵһκúõľɫһʱȻ
Ŀ䵽ϵ棬ʱ棬˫򦣬ǰƺǱľɫסˣҲƺ˼ʲô
Ĭ̾һӻƬǣŵеؽ
˺һᣬͻȻתͷԳϵĬеιСӹ
Ĭ΢΢һ򿪳ţȻڵĵط˹ȥߵԱߣʵʲô𣿡
ǰĺȥ泯ġһ龫ֵӡ
ĬʵڲѾͷҪʲôϾ˴ŵ飬ûоܾߵߣȻ泯
ʱյɢȥˣ̫Ȼ¶ЦǽɫĹâ£ˮ׺һõĹⲨ
ҶǾӨ͸ˮ飬£Ǳʵ飬ɢ˵Ĳʹ⡣
Ĭǰ£鳨ɾһ㡣
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Ҳ֪ѾͷôͻȻ飬ѵǻˣӦòܣʱҸûҵòҵʱҲõұе
ȻͻȻ飬ǲ֪࣬ϾϵشںĴȻǰСˣһûаᵽС
ûгȥʡ
ȻûУҳȥʲôĬʡ
ҧҧа𱸵ҲǵģôСӺҾϵأСһήҵӣȴǶӾСһǴȴǾӢ£С˵ȴǸ˰ԡ˼ֱ֮
뵽ղŷĴлһУֱԼľˣ䣺Ĭˣҿķ
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ĬôĹ˼ﶼҪܣο⻹ԼǰҪġ
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ӴۡӿƵģ߽ͣȻʹˡ



ʮ ҵ
ĬЦһ£ҲˣʰԱߵһʯͷȻںϴˮƯ
ʯƬǡôת·˳ȥںϻһֱߣչȦ
ȻĬĶˣͣСҲ̫˰ɣһʯͷȻܹʮˮƯ
ҲЩˣȥʰʯͷѧĬӴһ򣬵һ뵽ĬֶУ뷨ʧӰ١
ʱּĬһˮݣ˺ߵС򽡣ĬԵֵӣֱҪˣԼǳ鷳İڲûи鷳ԼŪޡ
һеĬȥϣҪѧ
ĬԽ濪Ͼغİȫʵ龭ֵ𣿡
ܵ𣬷ҾҪѧӦְҵΧ֮ڵɡ涪һ仰ͣĵطȥˡ
ĬҡҡͷˣǱˣͽ㣬ܲѧᣬǾͲҵˡ
ʻңֵǽѧͽΣյġ
ѽҽ̾ͽġ治
Ĭʣǰ𣿡
һϡǰȷʵѧԴ˲ǺܸȤԲûѧʱһģԼҵȤǼĬ£ҵ
ȥǱ򳡰ɣѧȽϰȫС˶٣ĬȻȥһĵط
ҾҪС·ϣ̫ˣѧû˼ŬС죬һӡ
ĬЩ˵һ㰲ȫʶûУһ¹ʣǸô죿
ι㳵ǺԱߣôܳ¡һ˲ӡ
Ĭʼ磬Ǿͺãڸ㽲⿪Ļ֪ʶ漴ϲĽ˿ĸֻ֪ʶ
Ĭ޿κεӣ𼸷ֵĸоĬǵĽЩ⣬Сӻ֪治٣ⲻһ԰ӹӵе֪ʶ
Ĭ˶ʮӣʵЩͷˣ˺ˣ˵ϻˣʾһ¡
Ĭһ߻ǰУһ߸⿪Ҫ죬ͬʱ˫ֻŸʾ
ĬɫĽ£ֻһʱ棬ʱȻȤȻר־ѧͬʱжĬҲмСӻ֣ȫǻ췹Եġ
ʮӺˣѧòˣʾһ¡
ǺðɣʼʱҪ̫żһҪעⰲȫĬ˼䣬źλá
㣬㡭Ĭ潫ٶͣѵѽ̤ϣҪѽ̤ɲ档
ˣˣ֪ܲͷ
ע⣬ǰ·Ĭͷ˿ǲһʻ˳ææѵǲгѳͣˡιɲǼš
ǲһʻģСﻨľïʢ˾Ҳûע⵽ߵܿͽǰ沿ִӲð˳
Сĳ·ֻףʱбŵģݲһͨˡ
Ͳţһͷް˹ȥ
Ĭһ𣬸־ҽȻ̤棬˫۸ŵñΨ;С
ĬҲ˵úĽӴˣٶ˹ҽſٵŵĽţȻ͵زȵɲ档
һ죬ͣĸ̥˳ɲӡ
ͷǰҺǣֻһ׶ľ룬Ĭһżɲײһ
Ĭϵӻἱͣڲɲһ˲䣬Ѿ˼ʻϣҲס˼ʻԱΣʹˣƨȻǰ˦ȥصײ˼ʻ̨ϡ
ȻϵŰȫԴ͵ǰһ壬ȴǡûĬ档
ǵĬ֮ڵһʱ䷴˻ȥԴƽ
Ӵ˫סԼ졭
ĬҲоһĵʹû⣬ǽбȻʵû°ɣ
ӴӴۡ˺һᣬŽ˫ŷſȻеöѪ˵߷³ǰľӣȻ鿴Լ˵״
ԼƬ촽ˣͣѪأԼǽ׵ݺ촽ΧļҲѪȾ˵ɫ
ӴӴʹޱȣ˫۾ȻͻȻˮբ
Ĭ沢󰭣°˿ӻȡһͽֽһŸ棬һѪɡ
ݺݵĵһۣҪſ˵ˣȴûܰ𱸵˵
Ĭûŭ˫ۣȻе˵ȰѪȻȥҽԺ
ĬǹеĿ⣬Ŀһ£æĿƿȻֽӹ˲ͽֽ
ͽֽߣȻһ˷θζа룬СӻǵģȻôֱֽǱ̬
Ĭæɲǰ˾ɲҲͣ˾ϳæڣʵС棬û°ɡ
˾һۣҪ𱸣ȴǲſڡ
˾֮⣬æǸǶԲ𣬶ҲСģ˵ġȻûжΣ游£飬ȻӦϴ
Ĭ˾˰֣磬ûµģȥɡ
ţˡ˾һᣬתǱȥ
ӴӴȻʹޱȣվûö˵ˮ
ĬɣҿȥҲҽơ
ߡһȻվĬԻλá
ڽһ˲䣬ŷ֣ĬҲѪоСϾȻôļӡѵҸղŸµģ
Ҹղž죬͵سգȽӴӵȻˣҲ֮е顣
뵽ղյ飬ͻȻһ糺죬ҲЩھղŵǰҵײأǺ롣
ǰҲĽʩű˳˵鷢ʼնûжٴҸû
뵽һղΣСȴûһңҶ˵ݺ;׼
ٴǸӹŹؾȳˣзԼΪʲôСӣǻ뵽أѵֻΪǵơ
ϺֲԼĬһۣרӣ̲סѵ㡭ҲˣѪء
ĬЩܳĸоѾͷȻҵƣѵãԼգȻоЩʹȴں˵ûʲôƤѡ˵ţ㿪



ʮһ ˿
΢΢һôӡȻ˵ƤѣҸô˵أ
ӵԼ˽ҽƤЩСС˽ҽȻܹ״ӺĬͰСȻ˵ȥҽһɡ
Ĭ˵㡭Ҳȥһɡ
Ĭ΢΢һ㶣ͷǺãҲȥ
ҽҽȸ˿ڣֻƤ˶ѣֻˮһ˿ڣȻһЩ˿ϵҩҲûʲôˡ
ҽĬ˿ʱЩȵ˵ôҧ˰ӡаס˵뵽ϵ˿ڣʱµô£Ҳ˵ȥˡ
ˢ糺ЩɬصҲСײˡ
ĬҲЩΣԼҲ̫˰ɣȻײƵģҪ֪ˣǻЦƶƤ
ҽһ߸Ĭ˿ڣһ˵˿Ҫһ£˺˺󣬿ܻϸ΢ĺۼ
Ĭ̾˿¿ǻˣһºۼĵù
ƯˣȴһΡ˼Ĭ촽ĬԡԲ𰡣
Ĭһ㶣һЦûʲôⲻ㡣ʵû뵽ѾͷȻԼǸֱǲϳ
ͬʱаһε飬ӦÿҺĹϵ΢һˣҲᱻְˡ
뵽ЩˬҿİȻְʵģģҪӲŲء
ܿ죬˿ھͰˣĬǱӢʱȴǶһдСɴӿǳĻ
濴ӣ뵽ԼݵĽ̲סͷȥЦɸһЦ;ʹһĵʹæӴ
Ĭûĵһۣ˵Ļǿӣһʲô˵ˡ
ˣ㲻ҽ㡮С㡯ԺýʲôĬͻȻʵ
΢΢һҹʲôءҪˡ
ȻȥϢɣȥѳȥĬ˵ţתȥˡ
˵ĿôͬĬȥıӰٴǸвɵð̾һ
磬ôˣüĬһɴæе
Ĭµ˵ûʲôղŽ濪˵⡣
⣬ʲôأ˵ûСһǡ
ĬЦЦû¶СˡȻ󣬾ͰѸղŷôԽһ顣ǲ֪ģⲻϵԼҲĺƭá
ݰƵİ죬ô˵һ¡
ĬҲɵòһ£ղԼû⣬ϸǶȷʵӦԼһ£ֻǵ̫һ㡭
εЦЦʲôأֻײ
ŬŬ죬Щ˵㲻㣬鶼ĴҸŪ˵ġ
ĬҲ棬ѾͷҲǵģҪѧƫƫҪѧɲȴҪšټڸʻҵ˲ҵĻС¶ѾȥˡȻ룬ϻЦҲֻܹܹá
üô˵Ҳˣֻ⼸עһ㣬˿ڽˮˡ
С棬ôˣ¼촽ˣˤ˰ɡ
Щ˼˵ǡǽѧһɲȻײ˵ġ
ѧЩ𱸵һŮңѧʲôأ
Щί˵˼챻ڼĵúܣѵͲܡҵӴ
ʫӱµֱۣ͵£ˣŮҲȷʵǱˣԲŵСȥһ棬ûгʲôġ
뵽Ů챻Ҳϧ֮ģˣ˵㻰ɣȻ촽ϡ˶٣ֵУѧȥŪһЩѧȻΣա
汾һ뵽촽˿ڣֻм˼۾ЦְãʲôʱŪһɡȻ촽ˣȴͻȻѧЩȤҲǲĬСԼɡ
ˣ¡ʫӱ˵ССʵںϲСҲƺЩĿˣҿ㻹һ˾ɡ
СĿˣ΢΢üͷЩɻҾͦʵİôĿˣ
ǶС治̫ӰɣƺС򡣡ʫӱʵĬûʲôƫȴվԼŮһߡ
ʵҲûʲôˡһ°ɣϸ񣬵ʱڰһһ˵⻰ʱ¾ȻһڣұҪڰְǰ˵ģô˵˺û
ʫӱҲЩɻŮ粻ǻҪƸôڷ˵ûˣ˵˼ĥ
ЦЦŶСǸ˲ţϰֵĿ⣬ǲܿ˵ġ
ְֱĬһƽ⣬СҲʲôְȴ˿ʵ޷⡣֣ʵСȷʵûʲôֻҾóţҲüŻ˾ˡɲĬԼе̫á
֪ŮԸ񣬲ֻ̫࣬ǵͷţС˵öԣȷʵһ㡣
ְȻְ֪ǿķˣŤסֱۣ֣˵أʲôᣬһ֤㿴
ˣˡʫӱڵС棬˵ˣԼȥ¥ɡ
չչüͷǺðɣҹȥˡ˵ž¥ȥˡ



ʮ µķ
֮ʫӱʵ£˾ôأ
µȼһ֧̣һڣ³һȦ̾˾ҵȻû̫ܵӰ죬ǹȻڵһܾ͵9.2ٷֵ㣬Ļ֯ţӦڶŵĹƱ
ۣʫӱЩſɲһСţԷôܺԤ׵ǵĹƱ
·ֻ˵㣬һǵǸͲǵľʵۺǵʧ˵Ͳֵһᡣ
ʫӱ΢΢üЩǵ£˵⵽Ǹʲô֯ǺⱩѩŵʲôϵ
˼һᣬҲ²⣬ѩҲӦ֮֯һϴǺͱѩŵ̸Ժ󣬾һֱжɧǣǰ죬ҸյһĪźеҼ֯
ʫӱǸûиǣһʲô֯ô밡
ǵ˼ǣҼ֮֯󣬲ܰҡѾҼ֯ͱ֯İţҲҰ֯κˡ
ʫӱЩ˵ôа֯ҪвƲҲҪְ𣿡
ҡҡͷҪǿ϶ǲֵġǰʱЩΪһСŰɱ֯ǲܼġ
ǾǷ֯ˣ֯Ȼü롣ʫӱǣֻǣ룬ǻŹ𣿡
һ̣ҲѡҲԸ֯ͱ˾
Ǳѩ𣿡
û˵Щ˾϶ѩš֪Էǲ˿֤ԼеģԼӦ˶ԷҪЩҪҵȻ
ʫӱ˼һᣬֵ£ҾȴӦ֯ȻŪ֯ıʣʱپǷ֯£ŵһаֻ֯Ҫ֪ǵıʣʱҲ԰֪֣ȥǸ֯ġ
ʫӱûôء¿Цһ£ӦǼ֯ǾͲˣ˵еϢ߸֡
˵⵽ǵİɱʫӱ˵
µ˵ͷȻܵ֯ȴҪ˳ǾԻᱻǸϾɱģţȫһ㡣
£˵ڸôأǴӦǵĺ𣿡ʫӱ
ҲСһ̣Ȼеͷŵ˲輸ϵ̻Ҹ״ӦǵĺǱȻϻúܶľ棬һǱȻΪŰͼʲôأңҪϵõ˺ôҲȻȫҵ֣Ľͻʹǿйľʱˡ
Ȳֲܼ֯ܺǺʫӱµֱۣǵ˵£˵ڸô죬ѵĵȥ𣿡
ֻҪʱǿǻͦһµġ¼ɫЩ԰ףһϧæס֣οʫӱңվȥģǼҲµġ
ʫӱ˫üǦƣĬ˺һᣬȻ˵£Ҳǵķǵ̫ǿˡ˿˵ǰֻ΢вһǣͰŪüȮٴξܾǣһȫλȺǣʱ²ܹмܵסİ˵¸һֻţ˫˲䱥ˮ
ֳһ֧һҪ̣ǻոսӴʱȻΪֶϨˣ̾һòٴλһ񡭡
ʫӱҲ֪ǽĴҲûа취鰡ǲָʹģǱҪͷܶǶ͡һ̣Ȼ§ʫӱϣ˵ңҾֻвһǰˣϾǵĿ겻ֻһ㣬ҪѸľŵطȥ
ֻǡֻǵΣȻܴ󰡡
µʵڲУҵʱС붫ˣȥһ֪ĵط
ʫӱ񲻰ɷһۣأһߣ
ŵĶ³Ȼ뿪һ̣ŵǰұƼˣҲֻкȫƴˡ
ʫӱȻɷ˼ס֣ǲ뿪ģʱǰС߾ˡ
ȹʱٿɡ
˳ĬһᣬʫӱͻȻʵˣ£㲻ǰ鶼㱨йôûпжٷӦأ
ôûзӦأҳŵʱͨؾҺ棬бҵİȫСסһ֧װӣֻΪ˲ݾߣαװƽˡ
ʫӱ˼ĵ˵ͷѹܾʱ˼ǼңԭǱǵˡ
ļûٹΪĬҲûнĬٽˣĬЩС
ڶȥĽѩһΣĽѩѾõòˣҲûйĵģںһ֮󣬾ͻصС
ȥС̵ģ뵽źѣҲסе˼Ͼһˣ쵼ĳ̶ֳϾһֹ涨
ϣĬϰԵĴ򿪵ӻ˶
ϣ·Сһɱ˵Ķ¼ŮʱҲЩء
ôɱ¼һɱˣȥǴڼﶼûаȫˡĬ̾һең
ֻŮ˵ݾ飬Ϊһѧĸ߲ɱʱԼԷʹõԣĽõӸƵĺߵǮƱϴһգٷ˴ˡ
Ĭ΢΢һüЩٵʵǲⱣϴǮҲͰˣȻҪߣôѴһء
Ů˵Ŀǰڵߵϸݺĸֺۼ
ʱϵܴȴæ𴫺˵Ŷӳá
źĬѾ߸콣ˣֳҪԼ档
ָʲôʱпգȻĬϳ콣Ϊ硯źǰǳƺָ
źֵľֳ϶ܾ棬Ȼ˵Ļɡ
ĬаȫֵҲ̫С˰ɣǺ±˻ɣȫûǰڲʱˬ졣Ȼ룬ĻȻ˵ֻǵҸôأ
ϣֳĴ콣ʮ꣬һϯʱֳμӣǼûᡣ
ĬЩ򣬡Ҳȥμϯ
ǡ
ֻҺ˲ϤĬЩΪѵ
ûϵģֳѾ㰲źˣ͸ġźĬ˵˺ܶ飬ŹҶ˵绰



ʮ μ
ڶ磬ĬĶһ־ȴţ֮һʵԱ
Ĭ𣿡ʵԱò˵
Ĭûж⣬ֻǵ˵ͷǵġ
ţĿաʵԱ˵ţ͵ݹһź
Ĭصɳϣź򿪣װһž֮󣬻һ׳ıU̡
֪ȥμ֤ͨȴΪʲô滹һU̡ﲢûеԣҲܲ鿴UĶˡ
ȰշȼԺʲôɡĬ뵽㽫U̴ֶ¹
¹﷭˷ʵҲʺϲμ·ֵڻûʺϲμ·Ҳֻл緹ȥһ΢ˡ
ٰ콣У콣״硣סڳ仨԰仨԰ĵƱȶԸߣܿеĴ⡣رϣͶĻԻҹ
仨԰ɭֹ԰ٿһסľѻ԰ȻûСô󣬵ΧĻȴǺСǧС϶ǵкʽ˽˱ÿһļ۸ǧ㡣
ʱĬ⳵仨԰ſڣڽʾСԺܹķ롣
СľɫǳľïܣΧĿƺӯζرǶĽһһ񾲵ĻߵĹ£γһĻ
콣ڵĵطǻ԰һƬ˽С泯бɭֹ԰ıԵ;ɫǳá
СжʮĶΧһȦ׶ߵΧǽ͸ΧǽӾغ򳡵ʩ
콣оȻסôߵıСҲǸǮ˼ңôǰû˵һ˸ĸأĬ°롣
ΧǽſڣǽſڵļԱŽȥ
ʱС˲ˣ̫ûɽȻЩȣԴͻڱĴֻи񴦵ĳš
ĬԼЩΣǵһ˶Ϥȥȥ֪ߣ֪ʲô
˿棬һƬɽͻ̨ɵŵشһвٿеΣа룬ͨĵ·ԶһȥǱһɣһῴ磬Ҿ͹ȥкͲôˡ뵽ǱȥȻһų
ʱ½½ſˣȻµˣЩбʹװģֵñʿȣŮʿŸʽװֹŸ߹Ĭ˿ԼϴٶǮİ׳£ԼЩࡣ
ĿͶǱߣּǱͣһSLRȻӳһһŮӲһߣҲЩ·ȴǲ
ԱŮһңվһ𣬿١һɫTһǳɫĶȹͷϵİɫñĳͰסˣ͵ȺĵǾһŶŮ
ĬŮסӵ֣͸룬˵е󣬲˹ϵɡ
һЦʲôʱôˣȻȥôĵ⡣Ҫͷתȴſӭһװĵˣ˻ʮ׵ĵطͽе¶¶壬ˡ
ԭǸŮϵƺʲôŮ¶¶ŮӦý¶
뵽ֲԼİĿͶ˹ȥֻں˵ľʮԶȴǿ̫ǵϸòԶԶȥȻܹоɢǣһ־˵˲չֳʡ
ŮоǷǳ㣬Ϊñӵڵ;ƣ·һ㵭̲ۻֻΣݡȻòֵһƷ飬м֮⡣
̻¶ĴȰѩĻȣرµνһӶ࣬һ٣ǡĹ
Ĭ¶ЩˣȥϸȽһ浽˭ƯһЩϾ˶Ǻýá
ӶʮӣüԼԼ͸һɿΣ߲һװˣ弰ǿ׳˫¡ǿļһסǡװİɫװϻһ顰ǡֱʾŸӵܵݡ
Ůӣ˵ţ쿭磬ȽȥˣȥӴ˰ɡ˵ţӵֱۣȥˡ
쿭վһᣬҪ˵ʲôȴв˼ֻи˺棬ȥ
СӣôȥһϤĬ
ĬĿȥһʮҵһŹӷ˫ȴЩ䣬Եòһӣм֮ɫ
Ĭһ󼤶ⲻԼǰָԱ콣˭ءȻûмǴʱһݼĬȴ˵иС
ڵĬҲҳԣֻڨڨһЦĿãԾˡ
ȷʵЩƣҲ͸͸硣콣Ǳ߽һųΣֵȥǱһҲ徻徻˵ţǱȥˡ
ĬȻ˼ˣȥһᣬҲվǸ˵ĽȥˡһܣΧûˣźȻߡ
콣ĬһۣӻһȻݸĬһ֧֧̰ɡ
Ĭƽʱ̵ģ֪콣Լ̣޷˶Ŀæӹ콣æȼװģһڣ˵ָҵ飬Ŷӳ˰ɡ
㲻ýָǽɣοڸͲ¼ϵͬ¹ϵ콣Ҳװź̸۵ӣǵģˣû뵽顭У͸¶ϲãֻΪ˲˻ɣûаѻ˵̫ԡ
ͬ¹ϵĬһ㶣ѵҲǹҰȫˣҾ˵أôͻȻӾطˣԭȻع
磬飬Ҳãҳ嶯һ㡣Ĭ˵飬ȻھַˡȻõʱΪ޿ɷ飬ǱϾǴǹϵͳԱԼǰҲòԵĵǸ
Ը˽ģòŽʲô콣Ĭһۣʵ֤ݣ𣿡
ţˡĬӻһС¼̣Ȼݸ콣
ţҾڲҴݵ°ƽˡ콣һ˵һ߽֤ݷŵ˻С
֪ΪʲôԼ㵽𣿡콣ʡ
Ĭ΢΢һӦΪôʵҲһֱֻ֣Ǽһ棬ҸһٷˣõŪôӣ
콣ҪһҪĶ㡣
Ĭ˵ͷţҰɣұ֤úñܡ
ѾǶĸˣỤҪϡ
ĬлȻæǺãһȥպá˶٣ֵҸðϽ˭أǽŶӳ𣿡
㲻ýκˣԼлˣһŵùĳԸ֣ȻƽĻܡ콣ЩصһҪסܰⶫκˣҲܰͨκ紫ݡ
ĬжʱЩصĸоǾԻܣҪܺ÷һ򣬶ҪһŵùĵԸ֣Ǿ͸ϼˡȻЩΪѣӦˣģһȫɡ
֪ΪʲôҪԼ𣿡콣ʡ
֪
콣͵ΪǷֶͨQQݸҵģȻҾͱһɰˣϾЩǰɱˡ
ĬЩھʱξݰڻǻĹ־ֳȻҲ˸ҰɱĿƺҲⰵɱΪɴ˿ɼǻһôǿİ
콣һ̣˵˵ѡ̸֮⣬ҾҲûлˡԼǺĬ棬㲻ᱻ˰ɱҲ˻ĬģʱȻĬ˶ӣ̸䣬ȴǲ˻ɡ
ĬˣҪСġ
֪ǰϳ·Сһıɱ𣿡콣ʡ
֪űˡĬǼЩΣ콣𣬸ǻǼ
һԺڿͣǷϾSĹ鱨õģƺϵҹһ֯Ϻڵһʱ䴫ĸͬѧ쿭ҲҵֶӣȻִֶҡ콣һ̣˵ϴֶӼӺͱ˰ɱˡ
Ĭ¶ʱףԭıɱΪU̵ϣ滹ĳ֯˵ܡ
ˣȽȥˣע⡣콣˵ţȥˡ
콣ȥıӰĬ¾þòƽUϵʲôأֺʲô֯йأѵǺݺµ֯йأ֯⣬Ӧûǿ֯ˣ
ղᵽǺڿǹSĹ鱨ֲŻõϣĪǿ֯Sʲôϵ



ʮĻ Ůˤ
Ĭ˿ʱ䣬ѾˣѰ˼ѾˣҲûıҪˣϾûʶˣʵЩΡ
Ҫȥ룬УҪǾôˣǸ˵ĻɣвμϯԾ˵ĵ
һǽȥɣֻҪЩ˵ˡ뵽ȥߵɽԱߣȴһϤӰǼɽϵʯ
ŮϴŶһߺĸһߴӯĲӿ첽£ӾһֵֻС
Ĭ϶ĺý¶¶Ժֻȥ棬ԸԼòǾ׼ƿɽǱȥ
תȥȴһУĬתŮӾȻ󼸲
ŮӣѾ͵ʮȽǣʹˤǱȻˤһŵأ㲻ִ˲Уȴǲɱ⡣
Ĭϸ룬һ뵽棬˫ǰ٣Ůӡ
һˣ»ûſŮѾ˵˵ϣĬķӦǺεݣȴǡŮ˵ڵ֮ǰ˫¡
Ůص˵Ĭ˫ϣ޴ĳʹĬҲԼĳֱһײ˵ϡ
ŮҲܵչ˫ۣ˵ϣȻС˫ȴһ³
ֱѹĬ˫ϣżҲΪĬֱ۵沿û˵ϣҲ˱׵Ĳغ
ӴŮһŷӦô£æͷĬʱҲſڵϣ˫ǰ죬һԼĲӴһԼظӺǻ
ĬŮĿͶʵû°ɡʱҲŮӣͷϵñѾ˹ȥ¶ͷƮ˳㷢ɢҵڲϡ
㷢棬һ崿ı繤̰㾫ϸ΢΢̵ջ󣬽׵һ񱴰УһԲֱջ
ȻɵϸüҶһ㡣쳣ˮеˮһ㣬ھ֮࣬Ȼż֮ɫ
ûһ㻯ױȴһȻɵĸо⣬һڼСõиС
¶Ƭ͸ŷۺ죬һһƵĸоҲûκװƷǡôĻ߹£ȴߵС
һɵƮ˹ˮζŮɢȻϢȻ̫ԣȴƢһƶ˵ƮƮȻ
ĬɵðԱĸоǣ϶һݸСĸ߹󣬵ȴһŮеͣǰŮȻҲǸԣͥɫϲûжٸӺۣȴǶ˼ƽ׽˵档
ŮҲ΢΢һĬòǰкȻһɴ¶Ĳò仹мֿΣ˫۾ǲʧͼͣһݺøС
ʱ˵Ӷſڵϣγһ7ΣĬ˫ۻŮѹ£˿Ϊءã˵ǡñɽڵסˣȴǲᱻǱߴϵĿ˿ű˵Ρ
ŮݸһЦ¶˵Сû£лˡ·
ͻȻ뵽ӻѹ˫ϣԼϵļܸоƵ¶Ⱥ״Ưˢߺæ˫֣ӵϳǲ˼ѹ˰ɡ
ĬչҲ˫ֳŵأһЦЦûµġ
ŮͷʯףǵĽϾȻһЬӰСʯͷµʯͷǼɽϻģɵֵʲôɽȻʯͷˣҰһӥʳ˵¸һ£ղҽסұȻˤһŵأǺ룬ǰһɴкһм֮ӿллˣҪ㣬ҿ϶ᱻˤ˵ģ涼˼ȳˡ
ĬӴģǸղŵΣķӦڼŮ˵лҲ˼һֻ֮ЦЦ֮ͣòſ
Ůզզ࣬һ˲ı飬֮أղſȫ˹Űҽסİһ˫ѹ˵ϡĬ˫ۣеˣֱû°ɣѹûС
ĬæҵƤأһ¶ûСɲǷŮĻղŮĳ󣬵˵ȴûʲôϾ˫ֱ۶Ұսӵѵĥ˸ֽǡ
ҲţҿŮҪֹ鿴ĬֱۣЩ˼
ĬֱۣЦûµġ
ô˵Ҷöл㡣ŮЦӯӯ˵ҽ¶ܸʶ㡣
Ȼ㣬ϴûܰμᣬھȻˣһַʽˣмԵ֡ĬЦЦܸʶ㡣һ˵һȥ֡յСֶŸоСֵϸۣƺûйͷһ㡣
ʲôأҶˣҲӦøҡ¶Ѿû˺ƺѾѸղŵľ׵˾⡣
ҡĬ΢΢һ˵СͿˡ
¶죬ԵЩӣߣǲ˼ҰɡջȥԼЩҵͷȻñӴֵˣղŵķӦôô˶Աɡ
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Ĭһʱ֪˵ʲôֻ΢΢һЦ
¶¶ôأȥ氡һǸղű¶Ϊ쿭ӡ
쿭ߵߣ¶ںĬ˵æ¶¶𣿡˵ͬʱĬԺ˵òԼûѰȴ֪ôμԼ׵ϯ
¶Ƴ쿭һۣ˵ôأҳ˵Ự԰ͬʱлԹǶľҲܳˣˤǼҵĻ԰ƣұġ
쿭΢΢һ㶣ЦȻԡ˵Ĭ˵λֵܣǰûмأôȥ
ĬòԵغ֣Ҳܸʶ㣬׼ȥ
쿭ְĿͶ¶¶¶ǽȥɡ
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Ĭûˣ¶ԼæͷǺðɡ˵ž͸һȥ
쿭ƳĬһۣϻһ˿ã漴ͻָı顣
ҵĴȻûҵĴȴɫرڴ˿̵ľװ£Եûšм컨ֱ׵ˮ飬貵ĹâԵúɡ
⻬Ĵʯ̾͵ĵذ壬İڷʮԲΧϣѾ˲ٱͣеļ£е̸̾ееԸȲ裬ƷζŴ滺ö֡
ԲԱߣһɴĳŸˮϣʳȥ֮⣬仹ȡö͵ķС㡣
棬һʱ̨ӣʮƽ׿аڷͲ̨߰ߴ죬Ҳ滹һֱרҵֶӣʱû質
СȥǱ߿һɡ¶ָָһſ
¶콣Ĭһ˶ʶҲֻк¶ſӣ
쿭¶ԼʵƣҪ˵ʲôҲֻеһᣬȥӴˡ˵żתȥ
¶쿭ıӰһĬСȵʲôϣ
ȵ̲ɡ
С㣬鷳һ̲һ֭¶ԱߵķСһȻĿתĬʵˣ
ҶʮأĬܵķʣ֮žԼʻЩЦѾͷǲʮҺαضһʣ
㡣¶ƤһЦ
ĬЦһ£°ͣ۲ıͣҲǸղź콣̸ԵʣܸоΧѹֵգЩ϶ƺĳֿɵԪء
ô˵أǺ߰¶Ц˵Ưƺһʢʻ
Ĭ¶һ˵Щ˼ˣûаֻǶĳ治̫Ϥ
¶Цһ£һΪǺء
ʱԱ϶¶ѲˮƵĬǰȻԸһ֭˵ι֪ҸղΪʲôʯͷŽ𣿡
ĬҡҡͷҲ֪ȴǰ룬ȻԼ·Сˣ̨ײģ
ʵˣԲûע⵽ϵʯͷ¶ŵСһĻߣ޵кջ
Ĭǰֲʶ㿴ʲô
һɴԵúر𡣡¶˵ͬʱĿһֱĬ档
Ĭ뵽ԼϵŵɴԳԭѾͷΪɴɢעôҶԴ˻øһΡϵɴ˵˼ɴǵĻ
¶һЦ㻹涺أղңȻҵǸһǵһôʵˡ
ĬЩЦõĸоһʱȻ֪˵ʲôãֻеͷȲˮˡ
ˣôأ˿𣿡¶µĬǶˮĴ۾ƺҪĬ˼͸һ㡣



ʮ 
ĬЩܳĸоѾͷȻҵƣҸղŷһ뵽Լ˵ԭһΣѾͷݸҶƵİô˼ýǰ΢΢һЦǲСײ˵ģСһӡ
㲻ǻݵٶҲ᲻СԼ
СİˡĬʵЩѵӦѾͷôЩ龫ֵ⡣
¶һˮֵҾأ벻ˣǰм𣿡⻰µĻ⣬ڸղ¼ɽʱ򣬾;ĬЩ죬ּпɴԲŰע䵽ϡ
һֱڴĬ˼άңȴôҲ벻Լ
Ĭ֪¶ǰȥ棬ȻԼݣ¶ڵʻҲ֡Լһʱ˵ģҲֻзܵǴȻˡ
ѽӦüŶԡ¶򦣬ڤ˼ӡ˼һᣬûҵҲֻǿĬ˵
ˣ鷳£֪Բԡ¶˵߰Դ̽˹Ĭֻʮˡ
˵ɣʲôأܰľĬĿٴ䵽ϣǾ鶯Ĵ۾΢΢뻯ױľдɬı飬ʵƯ֮һһֿɵõĴС
ǹȻصƮ˹˿˿ĬϢһˬĸоȻź¶ʶһСᣬио׽ָо޷õģƺֻкĽѩָ֮о
Ĭ²ЩɻһŮȻŴЩƽ񻯣ҲӦִġ
¶һӣǸɸǾңһҪңͺҶ죬вأ
ĬЩΪѵ㲻ɸ˵
ҲǲˣֻҾĻ̫ˣҸ̫ǿϲ͡¶ǿɰС죬̲סһ׷ջ
Ҿ˵ɡĬȻ²ȥκ飬ǿϻ˵ֻ˲̫˵˵˻ɱҡ
Ҿͦ˵İе㡭е㡭˵ȴǹ̨ʶ
ĬһЦԸ˲ˮ
¶ΪĬԼ׼˵ʲôڼԴ˲ǣЩˣĬһۣаѰ˼ȻҲǵģ˵࣬Ҳ֪ʲô
˵Ĭеģڼֱ֣ҲûȤ˵ȥˣֻǰ촽ŵӱԵأԵĺ֭
¶¶ڸʲôأһȵ¶
ĬȥǸղź¶һ³ӣЩԲ֣Ȼ۾󣬵ȴ񣬾ǳ˿ɱȡ
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ȻĬмֺøУ֪ĬղŰŮ飬ȻЩɻŮƽʱҲ̫ϲкӽӴģôͻȻ˵ô𾢣
¶æְ֣ղһأҪҿѾˤˡ
־𣬸ղŷʲô顣
ղҳȥһ䣬¼ɽʯ׵ʱһСߵһʯͷȻӾͷ˳ȥСҽסڿ϶ҽԺȡ¶˵װһδı飬ƺʵ˵ûҪء
ĬһЦѾͷͼӴףղ˵ôأ
ûУҿ־˵¶ֱۣϸļƣ֮Ա
¶ֱȥͷ֣ôôӴҸղŶ˵ˣСҽأô˰
־ףΪʲôŮôϤѸмĿͶĬЦЦСлˡ
Ĭ־Ҳͣ丸Ůæ־֣岻ÿ鲢ûŮ˵ôŵģֻǼҪˤˣһ¡
¶һֵͶĬ˼ƺ˵Сôô鰡˵޷Ұеһ㡣ĬûпҲֱӱĬˡ
Сڶ𣿡־ʡ
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Ǹʲôأ־ʡ
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¶־ǰ˵ۣῪѧ˺þöûѧءԵúĽ
ĬһЦɣҲѧá
ʱҰ
ĬڶԽ̱˿ʵЩˣϾϵ˾ǽ˿µġ˼¶һۣʱ˵ɡ
ģҹȥѡ־ЦЦȻǱȥˡ
־ߺ¶ֵˣС㻹ûиȫأҪ֪
ֲһŶѣڼȻСƺˣҲò֪ȫĬ˵ҲипȷʵֻһŶѣ͸ڵĬǰطһȻݺֲͬȴȫͬ
˵ûͦ𡣡¶Ҳ׷ʣתƻˣ￪أô
Ĭ׼شȴ쿭Ǳ˹æ¶ɸˡ
¶װŲ֪쿭ӣǰĬƶһ㣬СпûУһȥ氡
Ĭ֪¶⻰˵쿭ģҲӦһ²ؼı顣
¶¶Щʲôأ쿭һƣղ־λãЦЦ˵¶¶пգҪĶأȥ
쿭磬ģ⼸岻ǲ㻹ʵ¶֪쿭ΪʲôܳţʱôܷŹڡһЦûʲôģСҾˡ
쿭Ҫ˵ʲôڱȥھˮʵǴȥ棿
¶룬˵ȥҽü棬ҪܽС
Ĭ֪¶ǹ쿭²ЩѾͷҲ̫˰ɣǲʶһȻͰҵ˵ƣС˵ġ
Ȼô룬ҲûнҴ¶ĻϾ˵Ҳ˴ŵ顣
쿭ȴǰŭȻҪܸãⶼʲôϵˣһǰô˵ֱǴңƳһǰɴ꣬룬Ҳ֪СӵʲôͷΪʲôҰֵϣУұݸȻԲߡ
С쿭ĿĬ¶¶ѧͬѧ𣿡˵ʱ򣬹ѡ¶¶⼸ּأƺҪĬʲô
¶ȻشֻҺѶѣͬѧ
ѣ쿭ϻһ˿ɵɫôʮʱûп
¶ȻŻش𣺡Ҫأûܲμӡ
ĬһЦȷʵ׼μģֻ;г⣡
Ŷ쿭һھƣ۾ббĬʣСĸѧأʲôרҵ
ţڡ¶һʱҲ֪ôشĬһۣƺЩΪѵӡ
ĬȻ鲻Լ£Ǽ쿭ǱԼҲЩˣ˵ҳоѧˣڰ˼Ҵأû˿ĸо
¶ղŻĬ˼ڼĬ˻ش𣬲Ĭ̬
쿭ЦЦǹһҰɣձѧˣȥ˾ӦƸ˶ùģҲֻҰֵĹ˾һˡ
¶ɫЩкǲ쿭ʲô˼ڮĬݣҫƾҫֵĴ˾أ
ȻϾ쿭Ҳ˼𱸡
ĬҲܷ쿭ЩԼǱģ쿭ƾʲôˢңЩǺģҪһԱˣǱȻܴ˵һпӰ˵ǰ;
ȻĬ˶쿭Ļȴǲ̫ðΪһ˲ʲôѧλسֻҪȫȥȡܹҵԼĹλһ᲻ɻȱһӡ
Ȼ쿭ȴûб¶ֻЦһ£ȻԸ˲ˮ˫ҲĵĴЩıϡ
쿭ĬںԼľ֪Ѷˣû뵽ȻԼĻںʵЩѻһ¶¶¶ҿСҲģҪߵӲſʼأһȤɡ
¶쿭촽˵ʲôȤ𣿡
Сʲôû쿭ʵ
Ĭ΢΢һӦû󰮺ãϲһ˺ȵ裬ȥɡֻ콣ģò˻ˮ쿭콣ֶӣҲ
¶û뵽Ĭôش𣬺ݺݵĵһۣ˼˵СӣղŽҰľأھȻ˳ȥһ˵쿭磬СǰٵأúܣҪȥ㽡Сչʾչʾ˵ĬЦЦ
쿭ɻһĬ˵Сһȥҽһɡ
Ĭʵڲ֪˵ʲôźãѾͷֱ涼ѵӦҺʶСʱȻһЦҿ˰ɣһͳԷˡ
¶ȴǲһĬӣˣҸɸңòſġ
Ĭ¶ڴģҲֻӦǺðɣȥתһת
쿭Ľʮƽ׿˰ڷŸֽƷ⣬лһʮƽ׵̨ȻˤӺʹõġ
ĬĿ䵽ǽϵļ׳·ϣȻȭ÷һ·м䣬һɫĴӣһЦ쿭ȭֻǵȼƺһ㡭



ʮ ĵı
һǰ쿭һЦСֱۼⲻһɡ
¶£ҲСǰ𣬾һ԰ɡ
Ĭˣһġ֪쿭ԼһҲ¶ǰͻǿ֪Լһʮ๫ȫǿ԰쿭¶һģѧƣôܻȤ鶯棿
ǲðɣʾ㿴쿭˵ҲȥԼװƤЬɵ˸棬ȻץסĺˣΪʮ幫ĸһȥ˼Σ쿭ŷ˸壬ȻվЦЦʮ幫أ˵һЩϰҿ԰һ
ˣҶȤĬû˿ɫʡ
쿭Цһ£ȻǾͲǿˡ
¶ϻһ˿ʧɫ漴ָֻЦݣĬ˵СǿǶ
ǱеܣȻСϰ𣬿ȥǱչʾչʾ쿭ָָǱߵĵܡ
һҲ̫˰ɣҲ֪ôôֶӣĬʵЩô˵ҽҲǿˣòǰưɡ
¶εĬСȥչʾһĬ϶Ǹٸ֣ȻղҲֵܱݡ
С㲻Ǻ߰ɡ쿭мּЦ
Ĭʵڲˬ˵ҿܡɣǱһϡǲ˵Ļģ쿭̫ˣԼٲʵںܶ˵
¶ĬĻʵںЦ̲סЦĬô˵ӿ϶һֻ˵ѽ쿭磬Ͱǿúõչʾһ¡˵ǡʱ˿̶֮
쿭Ȼö˵ˣһһҪŭȴҲڣϾ˵Լ׳ҲֻðҧСӣ첻ҵĺ£ȻĿŵ˵ҡ֡
쿭ǮƣκˣȻﵽͷϣҲù˭ˣһ͵ŸҶɡ
ӵЦЦǺãǺúõıһȣȻҪȣǾӦľ֡
¶æһȾˣʲôأ
ûʲôСͷڹġ쿭ЦЦĿĬ
ĬһЦʲôأ
ˣϰʮӵȭˣһγ
ĬȻ쿭˼ˣͷǺãӮô
ͬʱϣ˭ĸࡣ쿭һ־ڱصõӡ
˵İҪˣͱСһ¶һ˷ܵӣҲ֪Ǹʲô̬
ʳԡ쿭˵ţҵ˵ܵ棬Ȼץ˺档
С͡Ĭ򵥸·ʱ¶˵
ȻᣬȻ쿭ˣ쿭΢΢һüͷ漴һ˿΢Ц
¶еҸǵУʼ
Ĭ쿭һۣȻһϡ
һ¶վһԣüɫĸʮţʮСͰ
쿭ЩֲסˣƳĬһۣȻ治ɫҶ翪²ɻģСѵ֪Ī
ӴӲˣʵڼֲȥˣ쿭һйʮ˸ôҲȥˡ
쿭磬Уˡ¶վ쿭棬ִһһŻǹһ˳
졭״̬á쿭һ´Ӻ䵽ϣвͣĴųϸǺˮ乡
ĬӺϻû˿Ҳٺ飬ղʮϣ˵ƺֻ˶
쿭磬ˣӦСһء¶˵ʱֻԼģ˲źĬʶһǱʤˣҲ֪Լʲô
Ըġ䣬Ȼһ쿭˼ڴŽֵڸ֮ǰһҪһġ
¶Щˣ΢΢üʲôأղôأ㿴Сһ¶ûУұ֤ٸʱҲĬʤеЩΪĬʤʹʤ
Ҹղ䣬ΪرСص̫࣬ϣȻԿˡ쿭һʮ࣬Ĭһʮ࣬ʱȻܳԿղΪԼʤĬԸûںһƣ˲ҰܣһҲȻ߲
ҿɣ󣬿˭ľһЩСҺٱһεġ
쿭ЩƵζ
ҽ첻ǿġĬ˵ţתȥ
ûб꣬ҾͲγġ쿭ĬıӰеȱҾԻһγ
ĬͷҲᣬˣԼɡ
ҿǿˣĬԶȥıӰ¶һ˺һᣬŻһ䣺ҲȳȥˡȻʹŻĲӣСܶȥ
ټĽңʣ쿭һˣһԱߵһ̨ܲϣҧгݵ˵ģԭСǹϷˣҵģ쿭ɲôˣģ͵ưɡ
ǿϧղűСӣҪǸղӮһᣬѾҴñˡ



ʮ߻ ѹֵ
صĬøղԼʵģȥһԴʲôأǻԸȱ֡
պһڲ裬ԱֳһϤӰСղźôϣȻˮһš
Ĭ¶һۣЦֻеˣʲôأ
ԡ¶һķĶǳֺãǾԲһˣιʵңǲרҵӵģ
˵ʲôʲôɡ
ιô߷¶üͷһЩ˵ӣ˼ʲôˣʲôԸ˼ҡ
ĬһۣҪ˵ʲôȴҲ̨ʡʵڲףźԼʶ˰СʱŮôǾԼһҪԼʱشҲ̫˵ɡ
㲻Ҹղŵɡ¶ֱһֻ˳СᣬղҲֻǾú棬ȵġ
ҲûôСءĬȷʵֻǸС˾ʲô
ȻС˾ܾһγ¶ʵЩ⣬˵ĬһС˾ǹʿ϶ܵ͵ģһγ˵ͼüΪˣûɾܾġ
ĬͶĶҲϲûҽγĳ⡣
ô˵Ǯˡ
ҲǮǲƤȥҪЩ˵Ǯơ
¶࣬ۿ˲ۼ
һᣬϯͿʼˣ־ҪЩ̳ϵѣȻҲ¶һ¶ҲͰĬˡ
ĬȻᷴ¶ԼԣϾһԱߣҲԵ̫ࡣ
緹˺Ƿḻɽ亣ζӦоУкܶȣĬûмģ˵ƷζˡȵϣҲ϶Ǵʮ֪ƣ۸ʵڲơ
ЩζȣĬ¾ȻЩĸо뵽úһܿѵĺӣв̾Щ˵ݳܹ΢һ㣬ЩʾЩʳǵĺӣǽһô顣
תһ룬ΪʲôñȥװأԼܶǮǲͿһֳЩƶ
ԣԺ󣬾취ǮȻһСֿĺӡ
뵽¾Ȼһʵָоǰδйġ
ԹĬоЩ⣬Ǿȥϴּ䣬ϴּ䲻һŮĬСĹУĿ͸ǰ뿪Ĵ䵽˱档
ʱѾ˵ˣɫҲ£ϾǸߵС֮ڣΧ·԰ҹɫ
ԴģһƬ͵Ĳƺƺ̺չʯ׺䡣ƺ岼ٻɫƣͣλá
ʮ⣬СΧǽΧǽڱ̻м䣬ԵЩ谵һĪĸо
ĬҪϿӿΧǽȴƺһӰӻιӰӴΧǽ˹漴䵽˲ƺϣһعľС
Ĭգգ۾ȷⲻǻþɿȻϴּ䡣
ǰ;ýϵЩѹ֣ʱûзֵʲôɣûбϳ˭пɣָоֻĵаˡ
ڣۿϴּ䴰Ӱڻζ뵽ԼرĸоȷǸƽҹԾ
ϴּ䴰Ȼܿľɫȴ÷סģĬҪȥ̽﷭ȥвͨģҲֻܾųȥ
ʱѾǻҫַָ࣬ǷλǣҲѴǿտ䵱һأ˫ɶԵľۼ棬ŵ֣һŵĽ裬һ߿ĵš
¶ʱһԵһſϣˮ۾ϵıǣһԵֵӡĬǱ߹æվСҲ֧ɡ˵ţֻܷܷ˹
ĬмҪ죬Ȼûʱûпһۣм£Ų˿̳˴
ĬɿȥıӰ¶¶뺮Ϯ䱥ˮ۽ǸγԵˮӨ͸׹
ίԭ򣬵ΪԼںĬǸоԼǳûӣԼһǧС㣬һС˾裬㲻飬۶һۣʵݡ
ľ˵ǵһΣȫģãĬͲһˣڽһŮʱһ仰˵ˣ
˺һᣬŽ˻ҧ촽˵ߣСӣʲô˲𣬱ٿ㣬Ȼҷ㲻ɡ
¶¶ôˡ־ǸдԵǱ
¶æ˲ί˫ֱۣתȥǿЦûʲô׼С֧裬ˡ
ȻŮװںϸĵ־ǿ˵ʲôҲƣֻǵͷţм°ɣ¶¶ְ֧ɡ
СӲʲô£Ҳһ仰˵˰ɣҿǴĲӣߣûзȵˣ˵ˣ޲ˡ¶°Ĭݺݵһͨ΢
ϰֺãһǹȥɡ
Ĭ棬װɢӣϴּƬشڸղŷֺӰĵطúôһ£ʧǣûзκοɵĵط
ѵղۻˣĬ»ЩɣһСΧѲ
ҹĻʹԶɭֹ԰شڷ֮ߣԵú塣С棬һ澵ӣϵķǵӳУܱ߱͸ĵƹ⽻ӳλá
ҹɫˮϮˣ԰бβͤ鿴䣬ľơᾼɽϸʯСѶУһ·ȻûпκοɵӰ
谵ҹУ˴ﴫֻҹһҹ紵Χ̻ɳɳ졣
ȻȻûпκοɵӰһѹֵĸоȴӿĬУҹһ㣬εѹ
Ѱ˼ǰ磬ǵԺڿ͵õϲһᣬͱ˰ɱˣϴͬѧ쿭ȻҲԷ˳ԶԷ£ӦòŹ쿭ġ
ǰҼǿ˷һлݺ쿭˶ӣĪҪڽж
Ȼ쿭˵㣬ϾֶӣΪ鱻ǣһҪʱһѰɡңҲ֪飬˵Ҳܵǣ
ĬǴ˲뿪ģǸղŵԼڵ˼֣뿪뷨
ѲһܣʵҲʲô쳣ȥ



ʮ˻ Ů
ȻǸ轻֯ĬһſϣӻȡƬǣŵ
˫µӣѲŴÿһˣֻǶһ˼ڸϣʵҲʲôɵĵط
֧ɡһŮͻȻĬǰĬ롣
ĬתĿԼһŮӴԼʮ߰꣬µüӨӨˮ˫ǡʵõױһű׼Ķ쵰ֱһ͸˵ҡ
һɫ鹵֣ѩˮ۵չ¶ɣǷ鷿¶˽һ룬һѩɫĶȹӣϴɫĳͲ˿͸߸ƤЬ˲мַĳ嶯ȻòǴŴȴǡôټǶеĳζķ飬˵Ҳмջ
ʱ¶ں裬ƺûע⵽ĬѾˡĬ¶裬һΪԼղŵΪǸҲĹУ̽ΧĿɱ͡
ڣһİŮԼ裬ЩɻΧвŵӣŮûеҵġ
漴Ȼʲô˵أҪ£ѵһ߲ɣҲÿԽ˻ѲΧ
òЦЦ㣬Ҳôء
ûʲô㡣Ůǡ
һɡĬסŮӵ֡
ǣ֣رԵȻԽ§һ𣬱滺Ľ࣬ض˲
СӣܿءŮӶĬ˵
ĬпЦϵĸܹŮ˵ЦЦʲôģˣȻӦɴˡ˵ʱ۾ȴĴΧÿһˡ
ô˵İǸŮҧ˰ɡŮһ̬
ȻˣҵֻŮĬЦЦ㻹Ĭ
ֻĬ𣿡ŮЦƯ𣿡
ȥɡĬʵشʵûоȥάһʶŮӡ
ŮӲûв˵˼Цӯӯ˵Сӣ㻹湻ʵģֻ²ŮϲӴ
Ĭ΢΢һЦû
ҿͦǰɡŮʵ
òࡣ
ˣأ
ʮꡣ
ţ䡣ŮӶ˶٣ʣڸʲôأ
˿ĬĿ䵽Ů۾ɫѾûģȡ֮һֻƺʲô
ĬҲһ¡
ͦĹȤҿұ֤߹ʡŮ˵ͬʱȻѰʲô
ӴҵĽšԱߴһϤ¶ġ
ѽӣԲ𣬽㲻СĲˡŮæתͷȥ¶Ǹ
ԭղŮֻźĬ˵ȴ˽࣬ں˵;УһСĲȵ˱˵Ľţǡ¶
ʱ¶Ҳͣ赸ȥȵĽţűֻһۣû̫⣬ҲͲŮӼƽˣ̧ͷЦһЦûʲôסСˡ
ĬѾȥˣĿľǲ¶ϳԼ¶ͨĴţһ۾ϳ̲ס˳
ĬתͶ˼¶û°ɣ
û¡㲻𣿡¶һ㱡ˬȻǶĬ˿̵ľٶǳ
ʵҲܹСĬղ̬뿪ڱˣڼȻղǹܾԼģǣھȻ§һŮ裬ⲻΪԼղŵеͺڡ
ʶģҹȥһᡣŮӼ¶ӣΪĬʲôĹϵȻκ˻ˮ
ղŲмôھȻ§һŮأ¶Щ̵˵
Ĭʵ޷飬ܸܲ¶ҸղǾпɵˣԳȥ̽ɣڣҲֻ¶ŭˡ
תһ룬Һ׷ǹʣҪأ뵽Ҳ˵顣
¶һίӣҧ촽֪Ӧ˵ʲô
¶¶ǹȥһԱߵ־¶ӣʾҪĬ˵ʲô
¶գգȻǣ׵֣Ǳߵλȥˡ
־뿪һ̣ͷƳĬһۣСӾе࣬Ů׽Ȼ飬Ҳ֪ǸӻǾ񲡻ߣ
¶ıӰĬͻȻԼЩԲסϾһˣ¶ԼͦƵģԼҲѿӦȫޡ
ֻǣһᣬôܹأ
뵽㣬ҲûΣΧ콣ϴּȥһðѸղŵ߸磬Ҳעһ㣬˿ȥϴּ䣬ÿһ뵽ҲȻϴּȥˡ
ǰ澹ȻһϤСӣĻɡ˵ǸղŮӡ
ĬЦЦϸϴּ
ϴּأҸղſȥˡŮЦӯӯ˵
ĬһŮɫƺֲԤУһƿŮӣȻϴּ䡣տϴּһ̣洫һ죬漴һ΢
ȻΪǽڵúСˣȻ˵д͸һһ㣬شࡣ
Ĭϴּſڣϴּſڽرգæʵ磬𣿡
ϴּﲢû˻ش𣬶Ǿó棬ƺûһ㡣
Ĭһ߿ϴּſڵģ֪ڲǳ嶯ʱΪԼ嶯ˣһ˿ֻţǴ޹Ҳܺ
ųʹ飬ΧһۣΧûпɵˣȡЯԿףȻ嵽˲档
꣬ɵĴţźŴˣǰ龰Ȼһģһ
콣бͰߣԴǽϣִͰϣһҲ
ͷУһСָͷСĵԴԴϵѪѪʹ԰׵ӣϢĻ䵽ؿڵ·ȾʪһƬһƬȼյһ𡭡
ȻѻӵǴӴģӵ׼ޱȵ콣Ҫλ콣ûзӦ͵Ѫ֮С
۾ʱĹĵţƺܻһ̵龰
Ĭоʹ͸ܿϴּĴڣС콣ԣؿڣѾû
ȫѪӿһֻѷҰڿҰⱼܺХͬӷģȥڲ鿴֪ղǰɱ콣ľѻп֪ԼȻݣҪӵȴ̫ˡ
žڴµһƴǽϣ°԰ûڣҸղ뵽㣬Ȼעһ㣬ҲͲ˶ˡ
ģЩ˾ȻоѻҾϴּ棬Ҹղųȥ鿴ȻûзǵټǾһˣ
ܹϲһ˲磬ⲻ˵ǵǹˣһ˵Ӧ
ԣղǺŮӣһ
ĬͻȻ쿭ˣһһУһñܵԷȺȻôԵ磿
뵽һֳϴּĳ嶯֪ҪǵʱҪԼôȥǴܷܿңҵĺǼŭɱߣʹʵзɱ
ԣڵıʧͻصĺ
еıʹ˳ǰ콣῵¼̣ȻСƵϴּſڣ˳һëϢسϴּţڳŵʱ򣬻˳ֽŹˡ



ʮŻ ϵ
Ĭȥϴּһ쿭¶Աߣ˵¶¶ȥҵԿɣкĵϷܸ㡣
ûȤϷ۾ġ¶ԻǺȤģֻͷϣ쿭
ûʲôʵһ治۾ġ쿭Ȱ¶¶ȥɣò棬ǲˡ
¶뵽ղŵ飬ʱȷʵҵййеĲˬǵͷǺðɣȥ˵ţͺ쿭һ¥ȥˡ
¥־ʮ׵ȣ쿭Էſڡ¶ѾǵһˣⲢ쿭ǰԷЩʣ쿭磬ô˰ǱǼҰôΪʲôҪᵽмء
쿭ţߣ˵ȫ⣬ǱǼ䷿ױϮ
Ϯ¶һ⣬찡͵Ϯʲô
һʮƽҵӣӣǺСˡӵװκһ㣬ҲʹЧܲֻһȺ͹ͨС
쿭ϲҰķ䣬ǰһ䡣ǰϣ콣ȴǴ绰Ҫᵽмһ䷿ȥԷֹ¹ʵķ
ⷿ䱾һѷķ䣬쿭ȻԸᵽˣϾȫҪҲֻʱס˽
ԷװȻһ㣬ļҾߵȴǺвʵ硢յԵȳƷ⣬DVӰȸ˰Ʒ
쿭ţߵԵԱߣ򿪵ԵԴ˵㽲
¶ҲһƨϣȻʵ㲻ǵʲô˰ɣ
˵е㸴ӡ쿭ɫЩǣҸ㣬ɲܸˣȻ֮ǡ
ɣôأ¶С죬ѵǵʲôˣ˵ұ֤κˡ
쿭һ˼˵ģһͬѧһţеʱ򣬾ͶԵԺоѧУСĵԸ֡ϴѧԺڵԷ˸εоһڿ͸֡
ۣԺڿͰһܿᡣ
ƨΪ㣬ԼˣҺˡ쿭һƵ˵
ʱѾˣ¶һߵ½QQһʵôأѵúڿͼʲôޡôQQǲأû
˵ˣڲʹ磬ȻĻͻñ˸ײ鵽ҵĵϸ
ڿ͹쿭磬ôأ˵أ¶ȫ쿭Ҳû˼ˣǲ쿭
Ϊģǰѧϸ£ѧҵԲɣȻͻص˶صͺϵˣһȥΡ
쿭һǰ죬绰ңڹSĹ鱨֮֡Ȱȥǣֻ˵һԼĺڿˮƽִġ˵쿭ɫӰǰϣͻȻQQϵң˵SĹ鱨ػһţǴǹҴ͹ȥģΣǾͰϴңת壬ܲ˲̽һ¡
Ȼء¶ЩȲʵ
쿭̾һһƵ˵ϴҰСʱ֮ͱҰɱˣҰɱߵֶηǳûҵκ
ô죬ԷСʱҵһɳɱ֡¶һ˼顣
Ȼе˱ǸȴǾ¡쿭̵˵ǰϴңְϸ塣ЩɱְˣȻŹң춼ĵģҳŰ벽
¶ο쿭磬˵Щ˲֪ϴأ
ôܣԷҲоĺڿ͸֣ͨԵȻܿ鵽ҵĵַ쿭˵µЩ鶼СǵĻȥңƫƫڰԼС涪ˣǣ˽ȥ
˵ˣ壬ҲЩɱֶˡ쿭˵磬ӹֻؼҵ;УɱֵϮΪԶһ١
¶ɫҲóôǻĲ鵽ˣӦöСĲǡ룬ʣˣ쿭磬ҿأ֪ǵʲô⡣
ڵϣǶ룬˵ˡ쿭˵ùѰϡ
飬Ǳһ
ʲô쿭аĸ쵰ȻôʶȤⲻǴƻҺ¶¶
ϵġ⴫һӵ
쿭ԱȷʵûϣҲûлɣվȥ˷ţ
ϵһʮзڣһĵܣ۾ȴԵЩԵЩ޾ɡ
쿭˺⣬Ϊ˲ٷԱʶҲ
Ա΢΢Цһ£Ȼ϶˵˵ԣŵϺתȥ
쿭¶Աߣ˵ȥʱŴϡ
ꡭűˣ쿭ӦʱǷԱѾ۷˻һ֮ʾ⡣
쿭ʱʲôߺһôȥ㡭Ҫʲô
Ա뻳һһʮ׳ذȻָ쿭ҽУȻɱ㡭
¶ʱɸһУ뵽˷ԱĻһȥ
쿭һѻסֵ¶ο¶¶£ڣҰôȻ˵ԼĻȴЩΪѾµͷµҪ顣
¶ǱŮ֪ʱǲܴеģȻŭһǺ롣쿭ıСĶ˵졭쿭磬취֪ͨ㡭塭
¶˵ȻСǷԱĶȴ¶һ˿ЦýˣѾɱˡ
쿭Ҳ¶ȻܲԸŶԷĻȴòţӲɵпһӽ΢΢
㡭ǵʲôˡ쿭ЩִΡ
ʲô˲ҪֻҪ֪Ϊʲôˡǰһ˲һ׶Զ˻ǷĵӣвϻͲ˵ˣ϶
ֻУھͰɾ쿭æȥֶָ꣬һŰɾˡ
ԱֵûУ˵ӡļƶ̿ġ
쿭һڼᶨ˵ûˣԡûС
ϴЩˣ˵Щ֪飿Աʡ
͡ʹ壬Ұְֶ֪쿭ľս˵š
¶һֱ岻ϻҲҲ廰ֻнӿ쿭ϣȫ΢΢Ķš
ΪʲôҪĻԱлһ˿ɷ֮ذ׵Ҳƺ
쿭ƺԤеʲôаһӣǲܷŹҵģҸͲĶ֣Ϊܡ
ƳһǱߵĲЩ¶¶ûһյģҲֻһˣ֪鲢࣬һǸŮԸ˺㡣
뵽͵شλվȻĴ
¶ӱǿ쿭ϵģ쿭һʼδǰһ㣬Щˤ˵ϡ
ԱͿ쿭쳣ô쿭ʹ쿭һ˲䣬Ҳһ磬ɿǴڶ˹ȥ
쿭ոܵڣͱԱ׷ˣѪһ쿭ӦԱеĵӾѾӴһĿӡ
쿭һ̲࣬Ļ̱˴ĵذϣ֮ǰûüһ
ѪȪˮһ㣬ԴԴϵشӴӿȾѩ׵ǽϣ˵Ŀġ
¶ҲʱˣſڷȥȻٶȶڷ˵ʵ̫ˡ
粽ǰͰζŻѪĵӣȵУȻɱ㡣
¶ȫһ̱˵ϣӿڴߣȫţиصĿ
㻰ʵʵش𡣡ԱʵСӳ˰⣬߸ûС
¶ҡҡͷ겻˵ûûУ͸ҡ
ûУԱһᣬʣ㣬ɰϸûбϡ˵ݺݵĵ¶һۣ˵ٻɱ㣬ҹһһС
ղššŰߡңôʡϡ¶϶˵
ã㡣Աһ˿Ѫ⣬һһֻӥһ㣬ήһŵ¶



ʮ ҵĴ
Ĭ߳ϴּ䣬뵽ľȥ쿭ڴѲһûз쿭Ӱӣæߵ־Աߣʵ壬㿴쿭𣿡ֻʶ־Ҳֻ־ѯˡ
־ȻĬղŵΪʵش¶¶¥ȥˣǽ¶¶ȥһϷɡ
֪쿭ļ𣿡Ĭʡ
־¥ȥɡ
л塣Ĭ˵գ¥Ͽٶȥ
־ЩɻؿĬıӰСӵ׸ʲôأôģ
ҵķռİٶƽףһ¥Ͷ¥м䲿ֶǴռ䣬ǵ¥ȴһ¥ԣ¥飬Ҳ֪
Ĭ¥׼Ǳ߶ȥȴͻȻоԱߵһȴ򿪵ķ˳һɱ
ľͬʱæһǰˣǿ㿪˶ԷͻȻϮӸһ˵أĿת˹͵Ϯߵ
͵Ϯ߲ǱˣǸղźԼŮӣֻǣڲһģȡ֮һɱеķذף͸űѩĹâ
ŮӼ͵Ϯɣæ֣ذĬͬʱѸײڶ֮ƣһǹٻȻĬ塭
ĬذƵ磬Ȼⲻãһ෭˫ŵذԺһƣӶһɿŮڵķ˹ȥ
ĬʱҲذ׵ķ䣬ذԺĵذשϣһ졣
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Ĭ΢΢һͷǺðɣ㻻ˣҲ͵ġ˵žתȥˡ
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תһ룬ұ˵DNA¼ֻйֲأֻҪϱŴ磬ʱ鵽ңҲġ
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Ĭߵſڣ˿¶ϵˣ˵¶ȥɳϰɣҰһ£ƾͰȷʵ˿ڵļҩǰ¶һʱ¶ġ
¶΢΢һЦЦ鷳ˡ



ʮһ ˿
ĬƾͰŵ輸ϣֶýеСã㵹ˮһΡ
Ҫˮô鷳ɣ¶ĬһԱɲΪԼС˶̫鷳
ôҪĬĽȻһС˿ڣȻп˿ڸȾŧ˷Σر죬Ƥ˿ڣϸ׳˻룬Ϊϸ֣˿ӦЩ˲ƣĬΪҰսӳԱĻ֪ʶڸͲҪǾ˵ˡ
֪û࣬ġ¶ĿбӵĬǸ澢
ԱߵĬҲǰСӻϸģ֪Ҳ٣ǰôûп
ܿ죬þͰˮ˵˲輸ϣĬǩ¶һþƾɴϸ
Ĭʹͷ˫ʷﴩһɣר־ӣСԼİߡ
ͰεıǼϣ㲻ײĺ飬Ө촽˫ֵĽŶţζޣ
¶ЩˣȻȻһƺϼҲЩӿ죬ջĿ⣬صͷȥ޳۽ë΢΢ţƺҪγһ㡭
Ĭϸİ˿ڣûע¶쳣Աߵȴע⵽¶ı飬иɻѡ
ˣմˮĬ¶֡
¶̧ͷӣСлл㣡
ûʲôϢɣ񽻸СþˡĬ˵ţƾɴԼԷȥˡ
¶ĬɫƽƺûжԸղŵоȻһ˿ʧΪʧԼҲ˵
ϣڴϵ¶¶¶ʵңĬôأ
¶һ㶣æûʲôǶЩøС
ߵ˭أвʶ˼ܵģұ˸˿ʱ߳˺ƻ
а¶ϸã㡣
ҡҡ¶ֱۣ¶¶ʵ˰ɣϲɵС˰ɡ
ҡ¶һᣬһ˵棬ʵʵ˵㲻š
ôţ˵ʵЩ棬¶¶ǰ׽ӣ׽ӱܶԶ֮÷ĸɸ綼ûȤôܶԼһС˾Ȥ
¶һ˼·˵죬ҪĬ׽Ūģзǳ˷ܡһֵ־鲻ãڴӦҪìܵ飬Ҷ˺Ӱ졭
ûмЩʧЩңһֱҵ˯
滹Щ⣬Ϊ
֪ôģ˯ȻεˣκңһŪ龰һǸ龰һĳ¶˵ЩɬԣҾҺͦԵģȻܸңһദҾһʵϸĵк
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ô˵ĺøлİΣǵ¶¶ʵҲͦʵģֻЩȻҲ͵ҵġʵڲðѡڿ㡱˵Ͼ¶ĬкøС
¶Ҳ⣬ʲô԰ɡ
ΣʲôԣҿǱ䡭⡣
¶˵ӦǰĽ㣬ڱߣȴǻ
֪ĬֱȻ֪ģ֪Щŵ㣬֪ϲ˵ͻ𽥶кøУһ˻пһ
ȻȷԼĬʲôоţĬˣԼһ᲻ģҲһСС˽ģ仰
ʵϣڵĬ˲棬ֻ˼¶ʵ飬Ҳ¶ΪĽˡ
¶ĬΪˣæ¶¶ҹ˵ֻʵǰҲиס
ţ֪¶ҾⲢӰʲô
ͷȻͺཻһ°ɣ˺ãһġ
ҵĺý𣿡¶棬һ
ȥģ˭Ҫװ
׼ףƫҪס¶һ̽ǿһ£ӯӯЦ棬Ưûб׹ɣһΨһء
ŲҵΨһأСΨһȻָˣô˺ǻ
¶ĬԼ˿ڵ龰´ˮէ壬Ҳֳ˻ĵ΢ЦȴʲôΨһΨһģҺֻǸոʶء
ڶһ¶ȥѧУϿΣȴûǰѧУΪչһĬϲĬദĸоϾңô棬һҽҡ
˲ûжٹͬԣ¶ó˿ˣһ˿ˡ
Ϊ֪¶˼Ĭ̬Щìһ棬ȻĬǰΪ̬ȲһΪΪҪһ¶ıʣһ棬¶кøУҪԼ̫֣¶϶Լ˼Լĸ飬ǾЩòʧˡ
ʵڲΪĬʲô㣬¶Ϊʲôоԣ¶ĬĽһ²ؼ߸߹̬ںֵʱȻֵݵĸоȴơ
Ĭ̬ȵȻ¶Ҳ˼̫飬û˿Ĭ˼Ϊ֪κζҪһ̵ģԼҪĬϤҲһеġ
¶Ҷ漸죬ʵȴǲһĸɸԼܲɣĬ߹Ҫʲô鶼ûзûѧУȥϿΣ˻ɡԣڵ磬뿪ҡ
콣῱˱ͷĬ˵ľ鷳ѯʵ־ĵ绰Ȼͨĵ绰¼һ顣
־¼ȻŭޱȣǾеŭ𣬵飺ôˣҲ鷳ˣҲȥǡ
Ĭţһ˽ģΪǰִˣԼе֤ݣȫŪ롣
лЩʣ粻ɱ˾ԻΪڣԼȴǲȥˡ
ļĬڼҰˣʾѣиŵҽҩƣʱ䣬ϵǹ˾ͻϸɰˣûʹУһжҲܵκӰˡ
¶ʮգҲܵ壬Ǹ׵գĬؼȥһΪ׹رգһС̡



ʮ Ϥ
磬Ĭڳŵʱ콣ǸỤΪеԣʱǵԲ鿴һϡ
ԼļңѾĵˣԼſڻҪ壬ĬʵЩϰߡ
˭أ洫׵ͳ
ɵС
ţˡȿȡ׵м־ϲ
ܿ죬žʹˣЦЦСˣ
׶Ĭĵ棬Ϊǰһ죬Ӿ͸Ĭ绰ϣܹ棬ĬҲ׿ڴӦˡ
Ĭʱϻ¶һ˿οЦݣһֶ԰еļС
Ÿǲ¶ЦݣĬʹ֮࣬һЩο΢΢һЦɵأ˵߽ӡ
Ūһ߽ӹĬеĲƷһ˵Сܹ棬Һͷǳˣαػôණ
Ĭ֮ǰ뵽׵ĿԺĸ׵ķʪȥһЩⷽ没״ĲƷЦЦûʲôõš
Сˣĸ״ӳ˳ϻΧ
裬æɡĬк
ŪأСҪԼˡĸ˵ţֻص˳
ĬѲһΧûзС̵ӰӣҪѯʣԼԷķǡʱˣСϤӰ˳
С̴һɫ˯ȹĹ˳ͷ΢΢Щң̤һ˫ۺЬҲûа㻯ױװ⣬ȴ˼ֳŮеζ
ɫЩȦҲ΢΢Щף˫ǹ¼޹⣬ڿĬĵȴǻһ˿ɣ˿Լţ漴ָֻǱеԹ
װĬϤԼûгǰСĩʱͨؼңȻ˯һֱڶ𴲣𴲺һ㶼ûױֱҪŵʱŻװ硣
ʱС̣۾ҲܸףֻΪ˯˵ԵɵģڣС۾׵ԭȻΪԼȥ
Ĭ°²⣬СԷʲôأǰǧֽ
СĬ԰׵ĵطһЦС⼸ûðɡ˵輸ϵһƻˮ
ͦõģǶúðɡ
ܺáСĬһۣʵôˣ
Сˣûʲô󰭵ġĬ룬С̣ǱסĶûаҳʱȥᡣ
ˣԿ׶ˡ
С̣ҾԺ󶼿סڸҰһ˾Ͷһ֡һЩչˡ
Ҳǣ˼Ժͱȥ˰ɡ
С̵ͷҲôģʱס
ĬһʱҲʲôˣֻСƻĶС̱ר־ƻǸоĬڿԼܵذĿͶ
Ŀ֯һĬ飬С̵Ѱٺɻ
С̵Ŀ͵һ£Ĭ̫ϤˣΪε񣬸ñ˵񡭡
漴һ˸УȻУϾСȴǷģ
ǣССƵĵطʵ̫ˣôĪĴ᲻ǡ
뵽С̵Ҿҵزһ£
ĬоСɫı仯æԼƿԼԼ˼еʹ
СƻɡС̰õƻĬĿȴû䵽ϡ
Ȼٴβ׽Ϥ񣬵ȴٴοǻĻþ޾ʹ࡭
Ĭӹƻа̾һſҧһڡ죬ɿڣġ
þûгС̸Լƻˣ飬ڴǰ˵ѰڣȴҸ
Сôù棿СҲܵ˳ĬΣǰѻתƵĬϡ
ҪĿΣҪŷż١
С̳һᣬʣĸѧУϿΰɼô
Ĭʵشڻѧɼ㲻ѧЩͦŬġ
ѧСæһͬѧнأ´˲ʶá
Ĭ֪С˵ͬѧһЦҶʹСˣʦǡĬһᣬʵˣ컹𣿡
СˣԼҼˡ
仰ĬһůȻԼڵĬСڿͷϰԼһˣҲһο
ͻȻڵСײϰɣ
ϣĩϢĬ⼸춼ˣȻϰˣֻԼ˵ǣǵġ
²һЦòŻȥˣ߹ҹɣ컹԰ýһ棬ȿȡ
Ĭһڼҹĸо㸸ĸС̣ǵͷǺãϾ߹ҹ
СƺͻȻʲôǿҪȥ
Ĭܵʣȥأ
СϼȻСİգҪȥСɨĹ
ĬĿһҪ˵ʲôڱȴǻ
СҲû˵ʲô˫Ŀ򴰻䵽˴Ĳ֪Զ
ʱĸ״ӳ˳˼ҿŻ𡣡
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Ĭæɳվ裬ȥɡ
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ĬĸѾ߳˷ţҲ˼˵ʲôһȥɣþûȥˣ֪ûС
ȥæвˡԸ˵һ䣬ȻҲȥˡ
òţݡױסĬһ룬˻



ʮ һԷ
⣬С̷£ͷĬ˳æ㿴ӰɣﲻҪæġ
ĬЦЦҾøŪĺóԣ׼ѧһѧҲԼؼơ
Ĺؼ֮ڿʼϣⶼҪˣѧʲôأС̵Ҳֻе´ʱٺúѧϰˡ
ĬͻȻЩСƵķˣСĸ׵Ľ̵£ҲǲС̣Ҳ˰볢աΪԼСˣӷգлÿ֣ΪҪڳԷʱʢ޷ζǷ˵߾ͻһرĳɾ͸С
Ϊط飬Сʱһֱû˼ŪˣĬô˵˵ͻȻȼһЦðҽҲչ¶֣㳢ҵա
С̵ֲʲôĬ֪ʡ
Ƿѳ͹С̹򿪱䣬зѺͼ˵ҽͳѼɡ
ҪˣϴѡĬó˷ѡ
СҲĬһӣȥɫζѵĺ
С̣ⷬѸôУгɿɣǰĬ;С̴ӣҲ֪ⷬѵиΪոԾһЩþһС̸ۡ
гɿ׳֭С̻ͷĬһۣר־ӣĿһ£ǶСв˵Ķȫһ
̾˿תͷȥ׼С˹ϴһ£ָոսӴԵ񴥵һ˻а̵ĽӴ
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С̣ôˡĬͣеĵĿͶС̣¶ʹı飬Ǳˣһæץ֣鿴ָͷ
аʳָʱѾһ飬ѪƺҪ͸һ㡣Ĭϧޣ˲ϸ˼ͽС̵ָ̱𣬷ŵԼĿС
֪֮һҪɢСˣ˱ȴʧһ÷
ܵķӦȺ֮ʶԼڵݣһΣȴֲ˼ʹ˰ָͷ³
СŻҪ־òףֻ
ĬҺһС̵ָͷȻ˱ڣŽָͷ˳С̣ˮһ壬ȥҵһ˵ţС̵֣򿪱䶳ңѰ˱顣
ұˣûʲô󰭵ġС̴ˮͷˮĳϴʳָ
ʱʶԼղźĬܽӴջһ˿Ρ
ĬӱҳһСݸС̵һ°ɣȻŪ࣬ͻܿġ
С̽ӹ飬ԼʳָͿĨţһЦСϸģС񣡡˵ĿһԼİĿͶĬ˫ۡ
Ŀٴν֯һΣһΣСûٶǳճյ˫Ϥ۾
ĬСɫ쳣æƿԼĿ⣬ЩʵС̣Щ𣿡
öˡСĿ䣬ƺ˼ʲô
˼ôأĸ˳ĶԻ
СӦûʲô
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Щˣ϶ĬԵģҲԼʳϰߺͼ̫ӽ˰ɡ
Ĭ֣ڰڷʱĸڷһݣףΪȥԼڷŵġ
һʹʹ޾ĸжÿһϸ
Ϊףգ׻صóһƿװϽѣΪĬһƱЦСȵưɡ
װȵСƣڸ׵Ѭ£ĬľҲǲǰǾ㸸׺Ⱦ죬ʱ£ĬľҲͷһɣҾޣȲ˶١
׸Ĭ˰뱭ȻֱַλԼ˰뱭СС㣬Ǹһ˵žƱĬȻһ
ٺȵ㡣ĸȰ
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׺ˣĬԤе飬Ҳ޷ֹ飬Ϊ㸸ףҲ˼Ժ
СҹˣҪȥˡǸ˯֮ǰһ仰
ĬӦҾȥ
ΪøһЩĸһֱԷڸ׵ߡĬȻ䵽С̵ϡ
С̣ȥطķ俴𣿡Ĭ
С̳һᣬͷȻˡ
Լķ䣬һеϢ˱ǶǼ򵥵װΣɵǧֽףԼԺľɫһģһ
ϴλԷ΢΢һЩ仯̻ϯͷϻмո۵õǧֽףȻС̰ᵽסˡ
ǽŵǧֽҲ࣬СʱĹ͡
𣿡Сʵ
ĬḌÿԽ˲鿴һݣǵͷţһ°ɡ
С̴˵ԣȻðɣȥϴ衣ڴͷҳһǳɫ˯£ȻͳԷ
ˣͼԼС̵ĺգƬСԼıϣϴһ˶һ˫ЬЬƯСѾ΢΢߷ֿϳ˲õĻЦ
ƬǰյģʱԼСȥɽ棬ɽС߲̾ˣȻԼһֱɽ·˰æ˼Ƭ
ͼƬһů鲻Խص㿪ỤǴƬļУǴȥɽƬ
һŵƬ˼صǰص˺СһЩӡ
ſˣС̵һʱ俴ĬЩͼƬ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ĭ˿΢΢һҪصڣȴˣͷ˿С̣ڨڨһЦС̣СķǵͼƬǲ˼
ΪСѾȥϴˣû뵽ȻͻȻˣʵЩΣϾ˵˽ļһµ飬ͼƬѾȥˡ
ûʲôģ㿴ˡС˹һЦˣQQˣǶأ
ĬܵĻش𣺡աһ룬žԼĻشЩ⣬æס˻



ʮĻ СЦ
ȥϴ衭С̵Щ˻ơ
ĬĿתʱСѾתſȥˣ΢΢ӰУĬƺĵļ
⣬¶ˣС̿϶ҵˡĬ°֣СͻˣȻǲɱһǹģͻȻ⡣
عܲϸ񰡣̫ˣҽӦô飿
תһ룬С֮ûмȥһ֪ҵѴҲܰеĻɸ߸Ҹĸ˵ġ
ҲãСǲµķͲˣҲ˶Ŷӳŵԣû߹Сǡ
ȻСҪݵ飬һǲʵҳŵŵӦصģŶӳѾץˡ
Сбһʣһϣɣһ𽥻ָʵģҵҲһЩ
ջҵ˼εǵԵߣȡеỤԡ㿪鿴ֻһ޷ʶļõϵĸ̽ܽ򿪣ֻη
ип˵ؼܣ⻹治ֵԳܹʶģֻԺѰһŵùĵԸ֣ܵݡ
γỤطŵУŽߣҳ
ԡС̣˫ֻеԵĴԼǰѩļִ΢΢ţ۴µˮۿѾˮ
ʣԸʣʣ֪е飬˵ʹΧܸȻ˲Ը˵һ޷ԽϰԼôȥΪأ
ĵشϻԡˮһ飬ǴȻһ˿𡭡
ƽʱϴ裬ֻҪʮӣһΣȴʮӣڴ·ȻžӴ
һ˫ۣúȦԣһҵ㷢չطϲƮֱȻžһЦŴԡҷš
صԷĬţȻЦС۵ЩǧֽƯ𣿡
ĬתͷĿ䵽С̵ϣ˿̵С̣ѾûǰǷԹȡ֮ǻֵɫʣЦݣ϶ѹ٣︴գٻŵΡ
ãǰС̣ѾǳӽǰǸСˣһƲ黳һȻĴ磬һɵĶ޾ĳ
ǰϤС̣ĬȷղŵĲ²⣬Ȼìܣȴоɶˣһشǧֵʯͷж
οԼС̻ҵҲûʲôֻҪҲ׿ڳϣͲΥ¼㱳ŵԡ
վСߵǰϸĴЩƵǧֽףС̣ɣȻ۳ôྫǧֽ
СЦһ˹¶ʱ򣬾ϲָָЩɫСֽףֵЩСֽֽ۵ģֽССʱ򱣴ģҿʼ֪
Ĭ˼ĵ˵ͷҲС뱣ǷݿֵͯɣԲŰЩֽ
СЦСҲǵģ㱣䣬ҲӦøҰȻͿ԰۳ǧֽˡ
ĬЦЦȷʵСĴˣС̵ġ
֪ͺáСЩ˻ˣۿҲӯӯˮչƵ£ƺҫůĹâĬһۣСԺ󲻻С뿪С˰ɣ
С˫۾ĬҾҵزţĿⶨС̵˫ϣС̣ҲС뿪ģԶᡣ
һΣ˵ĿⶼûƿճյضŶԷƺ͸˶Է˼
ǾͺãҪҲ뿪С̣С̿ɲԭ㡣СҸ΢ЦĿתǧֽϣֵСǧֽԸɣܹԸȥģԸʵˡ
ĬһůۿҲЩʪˣ仰СʱС̾Լ˵ĻԼҲεĶԸÿԸ϶ǳҪȢС֮ԸڿԸпʵ֣
ǧֽףر˫ۣ˫ƺǰһǸıԸ
ҲԸСĬͬĶϵеԸ
С̣ʲôԸأ˵ĬЦʵ
ܸģҪǸ㣬ԸͲˡ
ǾͱˣϣС̵Ըʵ֣
˵ĶԻǰǽӽСȫȷеĲ²⣡
Ȼĵļݾ޴Ҹ޷ȫĵģҸɫʻһһεشɫб˳
Ƿߣ飬ʵС˵컹бҪȥСİ𣿡
ĬΣ˵ȻҪˣϾСѾˡ
Сɫлһ˿Σͷ˵öԣСѾˣӦȥĬָֻŵЦݣСվŲ۰
ĬСԱ߶ʮ׵ľ룬ЦЦˣС̣пûԿˡ
֪ԿǣԶ˻ƻ۵ġС̿ʵ˵ȴǹȥ˴ͷĳ룬óһδĿǣĬ
ĬӹǣƤһЦС̺ãʱ̶׼šȡƬŵУоĿǸˬڸһɸȪעԼǿɬ顣
С̣ҲԡĬƬС̡
С̽ǷڿУнؽţ˫۾þĬϡͻȻ£Ц˭ݴ󡣡
ȾͱȡĬ˶ɵͷǵм䲿ֶ˳ȻĴ
ǵƹʱžһѿĬһЦǰһܴ˫أھȻֻܴô󣬼һǧɣ
Ҳ̫С˰ɣҵġСҲתͷСĵشݡ
ұأˡ
˻ֵӣƺǻصСʱʱ⣡
СĻŭŵӣĬЩˣ
ִ֣֮ϣ򸴺󡭡



ʮ ĵ绰
ô˵ģزأС̹֮Ա
ĬϵɳЩ˵Ǹײ˵ģӡʵϵѾõòˣܿӡҲ˼䱩¶ڴ֮ͥ£ֻмһʱˣȳӡģһЩȡ
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ĽѩĬֵͷȥϣȻΪǺˣһЦСӻʵһαеôһߵĵܵһ顣
˳ĬһᣬĬͻȻվĽѩ㣬һᣬȥϸϴּ䡣˵žͳ˷š



ʮŻ Ľѩͬ
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С̴ʱϴּȻϲĺɫȹҲûƣļ󣬾״̬ǰ˺ܶࡣ
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䣬ſڵļ˸æóһƬλһ̷ŮӼİˣòʵܽ㣬λǣ
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Ľѩϻһ˿ϼæ͵ҵܵܣĬǱᡭ
ԭܵܰСŮæԱóһλ
ǺãĬòкûŮԱȥǾͽĽѩԱߡ
ŮЦѽأһûŮѡ
̷Ů˵Сͱ𶺱ˣСһܽƨɡ
ʱղŮӻˣĽѩ棬ЦܴŮӦų́ȥԳһɣҲǸҵļ񡣡ƺĽѩΪܴŮѾϰΪˡ
ղŮܽ㣬㲻˵ܵôѣεԭѣֱƭǵĸ顣
ĽѩһЦҿû˵ѣֻЩԼ²İˡ
ղ治Ƕ𣿡ŮεǾϲ̨ɡ
ǣҲʲô°Ľѩɫûжٱ仯ƺŮӵĻѾγˡ
㣬㻹ǹȥѰɣ˼Ҽįء̷Ů֪ĽѩʹͷһǲкûģΪ˴ҵĺгգҲ˵ˡ
Ľѩʹȷʵǵλͷ֮ԳΪͷôǼ߲ȥһ˶ʿ˵ȥ°꣬Ǽ߲һѧϵ˶ʿ˶ʿú˧ҼҾ㣬һ߲ͳΪڶŮĽĶ֮һ
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ΰоǴҺ廬æҺѪյŭ𳹵ױ˳˲Ĭ񶷣ץϵһơƿҪĬ



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ɺŵܲڶڶڵԭУǺͬΪҵⳡϻЩͻġŲ漰ӲƷ漰ӲƷۣҵศɵһ棬ҲǷɺϣźԭڡ
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ѩŵʽһܶвŵ˵ɺŵĺеԣȻ״Ӧĺһ˺ŵ룬аĲ
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ߴҽУݴУо質һ΢紵֦ɳɳ죬һĸҹƮһĿĳ졣
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һҪԲܡС̽ҧһĬеĲܱ
һһڵҧţζСЦСþûص



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ĬϲϲҶһЩϲ¶¶һЩأ
뵽ȻЩΣҲмֲ



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Ҳܡ¶ϵЬڵأһֻèһ㣬ɵ˴̵棬૵ˣҲ˳˵˵



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ٻٻҪϰ࣬ԲܺĬһ棬СëҲȻ뵱ݣҲҸ˽֯



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ȥ̳֣¶Ȼûȥר͵ĵ̳뵽ղŵĬõǺܸ˵ǺðǾȥ̳



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ʵңǲǻϲС㡣
Ĭ룬˵ϲˣСë϶ȫҺ¶¶ʱ͸鷳ˣ治죬˵Ȼϲ棬Ҳʹң뵽ȷʵɣⶫתƵġ˵ţֵƣСëֵܺúúȼ첻飡
СëƱһԭĻϲѹֶ¶¶䲻ȵġ¾ƱĬļͷСֵ˵㣬ĲˣӦץסǰĻᣬ룬Ҫ¶¶ˣǱȻɻڴİֵܵģҲ϶մġ
Ĭ̾ɣҪһӦʱġָСëơƣСë飬㲻ҪκˣҪҺ¶¶Ϲ塭
ˣġСëֺһơƣЩԺ˵СôôоˣҶеˡ
ƽʱҲƿơƵľĬƿ˵㲻ˣǽĬһͺ󱭴󱭵ĸɣемܲס
Ǹ̸ﻰȻҪˡĬ˵ţֵƿơƣСëֻ˵ҵ飬Ҳ˵˵鰡ٻٻôʶģ
СëԺɫжһɣҺʶмżȻȥһҳſڼһǮ
Ǽơ¶ǣСëʵЩˣͨһң˫ָǲԼſϣֻ۾ֲ˼ա
Ժûǽٻٻҵ飬ȡֻ˿㱵ŵ㡭ŵˣǵȥٻٻ°ࡣ
ǺãȥĬʣСë˾ưɣȻһ⳵ֱСëס·ȥ
СëˣȷҰɡĬ˵߰Сë³⳵Ȼסȥ
ҪҪٻٻأǹľƵǱߡǱһ㣬ȥɡ
Ȼңȥˡ
ǡǺðɣСëʵЩˣȫͲ߶
СëңǽӵһЩ˺ģĬ֪СëЩѵĹϵڰ͵ſʱͺܷĵذЩǡ



ھʮ ٻٻ
ٻٻĵطǸǼƵ꣬Ƿͨϲϰ࣬ЩԱסĵطھƵ꼸ľС°֮󣬻Ҫһʱܵ
ȻٻٻвһңСëǵİΣȷϵ󣬾ÿֹҲ˵˵
ܵ˷ӥ֮ٻٻСë;˰ᵽ̨԰ȥסΪٻٻϰ࣬ϴﵽ̨԰͸ԵΣˣ˾ٻٻµĹ¸»һݰϰĹȻٰᵽ̨԰ȥס
ʮӣٻٻƽһƵſڣûзСëϤӰвЩɻóֻͨСëĵ绰
绰һϤԲûѹػ
ֲСëҵĵ绰绰ռߡ
ٻٻ΢΢üаԵǣôСë᲻ңֻ˻ǳʲô˰ɣ
ʱǡ꼸ԱԱ߾һеٻٻ߰һҡ
ٻٻЦЦ߰ɣһ
һԱЦٻٻڵСëأǻ߰ɣǵĶ硭
վԭصʮӣȻСëӰٴβͨСëҵĵ绰һΣ绰ͨˣӵ绰У֪СëƵ顣
°һŶԼסȥ
ٻٻס·һСмҪһƫƧĵеڴ·ֺеʱѾҪʮˣֵû˰龰ȲӰΨǵįĵƹ⡣
龰Ů˵ӦǺܺµģٻٻƺû̫ྯǿ첽ǰš
⿩⣬ĽֵϣΨٻٻǸ߸Ь̤صԶžҹջһѿڣ
ʱǰһСͻȻðߴӰȻжʮףٻٻǵһʱϳм䴩TӣڷԼ˷ͻı硣
΢΢һüͷаЩô֣ѵǳģ
ֻߵǸ˵ι磬㵽ûмǴǶôãҲûзְӰ
ģСӺŮˡģô˵ӶҪҵǡǰǸ椣Ůġ
ٻٻ¸׼֣ûлңѸתԱߵһСȥˡ
Źٻٻɿ˹Ȼ׷
ȥһƬڿĹأʱﻹһЩɢĵƹ⣬żһ졣
ٻٻȥԺ󣬱һͷ·ȥˣڴŸ߸Ь׼ǱСʱȴǱ
Χǽأʱֻ϶ͣˣûһӰҲûһƹ⣬˳еĻҰش
ϵʱҲƶס˴赭ĹâβӰӡ
һ΢紵ϵɳüžҹ˼Ҳ˼ֹթ
ΧٻٻһͷЦ磬ŮӾǼһ·ģ
ǵġԵЩźΪģȴֻǡ
ٻٻԵЩ壬ǡҪʲô
˵ҪʲôһЦݺݵǣ˵ҵ꣬סʲôط
ٻٻսս˵סСʲô
Ǹ׳һЩأʡ
ֲ£ǡǺα鷳ٻٻ֪˵СëȻСë鷳ˡ
ϻ˵ʲôʹʲô
ҲҲ̫ٻٻһ״ӡ
ͷЦȻǸͰȥúһ°ɡ
һЩݵȻƯĺð֤˵߿ٻٻƨɡ
ٻٻһ㣬ЩåҪٲҡҾҪˡ
ͷһЦаƺû˾ȵġ˵ţҲٻٻ˹ȥӽҪ˵ٻٻһ˲䣬ٻٻҽͻȻ
ֻԲᣬγһһٶʮȵĽǣٶȵĶУ
Ǽĸ߸Ьһ׶ӣصߴ˹ͷϣͷܲͻػӾȻһ²෭˵ϡ
Ӽͷ£ľ֮࣬ſ˫ۣ͵شٻٻ汧
ٻٻͿӵĶˣͷҲأҽأһתЬȻ˵ľ׼ǡڸӵӴ
Ҳ̷˵ϡ
֮࣬͵شӻгһλεļ⵶سٻٻ
ٻٻ⵶û˿ңһƫ㿪⵶Ĺʧץ˱յڴͬʱҽŷ򦡭
Ҳ˵ϣ̹ȥļ⵶ٻٻС
ٻٻлһ˿֮ǰ⵶򱪸ؿڣһ̣ǰ·ȴͻȻһѩĵƹ⣬ǡٻٻڵλã
ٻٻ׼ɱڵģͻȻðһĵƹ⻹ǡߣҲҳ嶯£˵ƹķ򣬲ѸǱСȥˡ
ȥһ˲䣬һ˪ĻҪȥǵ鷳һɱȫҵġ
ڵϵıŻȫͣضţƹ⼰ʱְɣȻԼ˿ѾȥŹرˡ
оͻʹһȻȫѪ²һŵҲ̫˰ɡ
ٻٻȫʧҹɫУĳŻ˵ߣ˽еû°ɣϳɡ
ģСӣ㺦ˡӵֵ
ǣôСӲǹİɡͷҲ
ӵǰġ
ֵСȫǱңģҲЩˣһһ
ˣٷϻ䡣˾һ䣬Ȼ󷢶뿪



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˾ǱˣĬٻٻ飬ҲİŵģĿľ̽ٻٻݡ
죬ڼԺ󣬻ͺܿ찲ͱ棡
ǰĬǺģǲӦĬģǵƱŵϺ󣬱ҲͶˡ
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û˵úеּôǮԼǰǾǰĹڣĬúõ̸һ
ڼĬżɽ˵ٻٻܲԼֵܵŮѣԼóѵǲ뵽ñ缸˽˻ᣬԼѵѵŵ³֮󣬽ʮԪǮıꡣ
˱ΪǮᣬȻǮȥĬŵֲʲô£˵һ˾ҳ㷹һδˣȻܹõʮı꣬ﻹб飿
ǣԼԼֵܣĬľİ£°ؼҵٻٻ׼Ҫѵһ١
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ĬǰûиǣٻٻǸ䶷֣˸ûܳɹû뵽֮ΣڻصУȻĬԹϡ
ųĬ˵ıԹʵЩͷˣûģ֪ӸղŲ֣Сˡ
ʵȷʵٻٻһСģãԼȻǣӦý壬˶ңΪԼҲ˽˵СԺĳЩط˵ó
ȻҲûпȥǣٻٻ̫ˣԼĵƹڲˣһﻹǻɥʱͲܹԼʲˡ
Ҳ˵ʵ˵עӮ˹ȻܺãˣҲ̫ھεģΪһﲢʲôöһԼЩڡ
뵽ղŵ龰Ĭ治֣ԼֵȷʵᶪССлЩ¡
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ҲСС壬Ԫǽˡ
ͷųɹҲѡ
ֵô˵а룬ǰҺĬЩڣڸղĬȫģһʡԺı꣬޶ȵرңȴûô뵽ҲСӣ֮ǰĹھһʹˣӽѡ
ĬȻЩһѣϻ˵ǺãԺҶֵܡ
ļңĬʣµԪŵ輸ϣ˵ʣµı꣬Լְɡ
ͷųɹһǵǮٺЦȻһ٣һϾ׬ôǮǻ㡣
Ԫųɹһ£Ǵҵġ
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ĬЦȻԺֵܣʲô飬Ȼǵġ룬ֵˣ磬Ǵǻëʲôˡ
ָСȪµֵܡЩ˼Ҳ֪Ƿʲôˣֻ뵽۸ֵܣԲŹӵġ˵ϲһ˿Լ㱾죬һСƤһаʽֵסʲôӰ
ĬԵ޹ϷŮѣȻҪŮѳͷ
ףף鶼СȪĴתƻСŮѻƯĽˡ
ĬһףȻ˵ҵ˼˵СȪе֡
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ĬЦЦʵҲûʲôѵһ¾ˡ
ұֻ죬ǻӦҵ㶫ˡԪ磬ơưɣŪƿ
ĬæҽѾ˺ܶˣˣ˰ɡ
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ǵһκ˺ȾƣĬҲҪԵùֱһ㣬Ժȵñ˭ҪࡣľȻܺãǰСëƴͲˣֺ泵սȻܲסƾһơƺ꣬ͷͣ´θŻµĸо
˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿һˣǶԪ˵磬ʵڲˣ鷳һ飬͵·ҽԺȥ
ɣô𣬻ҪȥҽԺ˯һɣ֤ͺá
Ĭ΢΢ҡͷУҪȥҽԺ
ԪҲЩ⣺ȥҽԺԱ߾ҽԺﻹҪȥ·ҽԺ
ĬԺҲźúֵܽҿǴӦģҪȥŮѡ
ԪĬ˼ԭСǹİǵǺãھȥ·ҽԺ
ţ磬磬һˡĬУԺ󣬱ȻҪҵɵˣŲٻٻϵ顭
͹Ȼ֪Ĭٻٻ֮䵽ʲôͻԼȻ˼ҵǮӦձ˵ķԸ£Ӧø˼ұܣǵģ֪ô



ھʮĻ Ľѩæ
ӣҽԺϵĬͨСëҵĵ绰
ô˹绰϶ᱻԹĬҲûа취СëֻڻŻֱڵһʱϵСë
ι˭أСëЩ㱣Ѿָòˡ
ҡĬװЩԺҡҽԺġ
ҽԺģСëͻȻ˼֣ҽԺʲô
ûʲôϺˣմã͵·ϣ滹һ˰͵ҽԺġ
ʲôҽԺڹ㡭
ʮӺСëϵĬڵĲŲϻЩԺĬвЩ⣬һȭôĬϣһΪıأû뵽ǿͦİھȻ͵ҽԺˡ
Ĭһεû취մ͸оͷתģȻһû֪
ûȥٻٻСë˵ʱæֻ׼ٻٻ绰
ĬæѵСë绰ǧ˵ȵľƣҪæȥ飬Ȼҵӿɶˡ
Сëһ㶣ЩԸ˵϶ҵģϾȻȥ
˵ȵ̫ˣԺģʲô֪ˡ
Сë˵ͷȻͨٻٻĵ绰ڵ绰ûᵽϽĬæ顣
ٻٻҲЩ飬Բûй׷飬Сë˭һȾƶûϸѯʡ
ȻûлĬһְŵģ缸ҪǣǱȻ顣
СëԵ绰ٻٻ꺮ůĬһʹĸоȻźСë棬ȴѰֵܣڣԼֵܾȻһӽԼŮ飬ڴӵ˵һĪ˺
ĺСë࣬ܣϵشץסٻٻ㣬˳ϣҳⱳ֯˵ٻٻ֪ԼѾ֪Ǽ
֪СëϷҪԼСëСëضڻٻٻǰ¶ʱԼļƻ͹һˡ
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Ĭ˵ͷʱǰӦö˼ƻϣƻǰ˼õӦȫֵĴϣ˫˲ǡ
µ˵ͷֵСҪĩˣѧУҪȥμӿԣ㿴еͨ𣿡
Ĭ²ðɣڼȫһЩ
ֻǣѧУıҪ󣬶ҲҪȥҲûа취¿Ĭһۣ˵С֪ı죬ȫġ
Ĭµ˼ͷǺðɣһúñġ
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ұĬĽѩͨ˵绰Լϳ档
Ϊ˲˵⣬βûһԷֱȥһKTV䣡
ĬʱĽѩѾɳϣȻôŮӰȻ˵ÿÿһڼҴиУ
ĽѩĬ¶һ۵ЦݣܲСӿԽԽ˰
˰ɣĬĽѩԱߣһϣغһڣЩķ̫ˣһܱһꡣ
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ţ˵ɡĽѩҲЦһȫġ
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ģǰʱ˵һ£ɳѰһһ̥ǵŮӣһѱп̥ǣϣܳʱȥһԱҴһ顣
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Ĭһᣬ˵ĽѩҾ͸˵ʵ˰ɣС̣
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Ľѩ㣬ʲôأĬĽѩѵǳ׸ɣ㳪ʲô裬Ұ㡣
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ĽѩݸһЦưɣһЩ
һᣬԱͰѺˣĬһƿ뱭ʵĽѩ㣬Ӧôȣ



ھʮ ·
·ݹٻٻͻỻʱСëٻٻͻᵽ̨԰ȥסǰȥ֮ǰĬȵһ㶫
ʮһңոյ̨԰ſڣͼһɡ¶ӻ԰ſӭ˳ɫɡһɫͿ˶̤һ˫ۺɫЬ뻯ױľԶ˵Ȼ
ͷûñںڵ㷢ɢڼͷĲչдż־ϲŻһ˿
¶ĬӰһСߣһ߻ϲСѵһΡĬߣɡŵͷ̫Ǵ󰡣ȥɣˡ
¶򵥵ĶĬӿжţԼһ¶æɡĵһԽǸжԽǲ˺ֻе˵¶¶ҹеҪ졣
ʲô飿¶аЩΪģû뵽ԼҪ顣
ɡɡĬӹɡ¶һȥ˵ʵҲûʲô飬Сë֮УǼһ·䡣
鷿䣿¶ĬһۣҪʲôأѵǶԷ䲻⣿
ǵģϴСë˵Ƿĵ·͵ƾЩãȽæͽҹæһ¡
Ǻǣ㻹Ǻģ¶˵ȴǰ룬СһΪ˹ңСӻǺߣȻôһŷɡ
һ۵ĸоҲ˲棬סĬֱۡ
ĬϲָоһŮ˶Լĸоָֺоѿ¶ֱۣñ˿˲á
¶ϻһ˿ʧ漴ָֻ˲õЦݣС˵ҪȥѧУˣǲҲҪȥѧУ
Ĭ˵ͷǵģ˾Ӧʱߡ
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һһӣȻҵȫǼҵҳѾжʱÿסˡ
¶ţߵɳϣóЯʪ߲ɳϵĻҳ˵ⷿǰһŮӶסģӶǼҸʮأǺɷˣȻʹְˣļ޵ʡȥˡ
šĬӦһڷĴѲţ
Сæżɣȹ˵˵
ĬҪװͷ֮ڵֲ̽¶֪ˣ¶Աߣ治ö֣ǵ¶¶ȻȥɣҼ˾ͻ
ˣҪ˵˵¶ɳϣĬ֣жҪ͸㡣
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һε壬ϼͨһǼʮǮ˹ƷˮɫʣЧҲǿԺġ
ȴǾ߳ɣµĺɫߺ䣬ƬǶһγһԲ壬Բı棬һԧϷˮͼһվġԵ֡
һƽ壬һ壡
壬ĬҲ֪¶֮ƽִ壬һһҪʲôݳƷƽ񻯵ĶԼ䰮⣬ѾԼһ룡
жĬģǷҲ֮Լ׸ô˵أ
ģϣܱƽ¶üң⣬Сúÿ𣿡
ÿĬ˵ͷޱ˵Ժҵ˺ʵһ룬ͽһ͸ɡ
¶С΢΢һŬӣҵȻ͸ˣҪһء
¶¶ĲҪ壬ΪͲʡĬһε˵
ˣˣ㻹ǣҰ¶ƤһЦţȰԼȫˣٸ㡣
Ĭ͵ʲô¶һ˵ʱ˵ʲôˣֻǵ˵¶¶ȥˡ
¶ǺðɣСһЩرǼ·ʱ򡣡
컹ȡĬһϵĺˮ˵¶¶ȥõɣҺÿڿʡ
ѽղŹʱ򣬻ˡ¶վЦЦǺãҹȥϣæ
ǿԴ绰ӶùģѾһƽŮˣȻӦԼȥҲȷʵΪĬ顣
¶źĬѸٵղѾҺ˵λãѻеͷȡר־ذ
ѡЩطǾεĵط˵컨ϵˮơɳڲռȣţֻҪٻٻû뵽ԼǾԲᷢЩġ
ʹõЩǰȫֵĸ߿ƼƷСҵ־ãܹüܵʱ䡭
װһʱܹɵģ뵽¶;ֲ˸绰ȥ¶¶ͱˣһҼ˾͹
㲻Ҫ׼أ
Ҳ̫ʣһȾˡĬ˶٣˵ɣȥϰҲһµ·֪ʶ⡣
Ǻãھȥ
˰СʱĬŰѶϣصҴ¶һʱһƿֵݵĬУ˰ɣȼڡ
Ĭӹ֣ŵߣ๾غڣȻŵ輸ϣ˵ˣ¶¶ͱСë˵ˣСҪСë϶Ҳֵܵġ
ţ֪㿴㣬Ǻˮ¶Ӳ輸ϳһֽ쵽Ĭϣİ˺ˮ
Ĭ㣬ȴ޴ɶ㣬Ҳֻȥһ̵ҸˡϢһƮҲ֪ƺֽζζֻ֪ζˣ
¶ֽӵͰУ˳Ĭڲ輸ϵĿ֣ȻŵԼСỺغ
ĬղźˮʱҲǽƿŵԼĿУڼ¶ˣһθ̾
㻹𣿡¶ˮݵĬǰ
ĬЦЦãҲˡ



ھʮ ־
ʲôˮأҰ
Ĭ輸ϵḶ́ƻӡӺѣ⣬ֶҪõƤΪ˲¶֣˵ҳѣԼˡ˵ţԸ𼸸
¶ӣĬԣһ˵СϣôֻԼԣͲ֪˼ҳ԰
ĬһЦʲôʱСˣѾͷȡṣָָ̌˵ѶأԼð
ҪƤιҡ¶û˿ߵɫϴζιģ˺ˣǲӦ˱أ
ôãĬЩεҪһ迴ˣǶ಻˼
ûʲôǲǡ
Ĭһ˵ˣ㿪ӣҪš
Ǻðɡ¶ңذ壬򿪶ͶӰӣСߴǸ԰ʱôȤ
ĬĿתؿŵĻеѵݸ¶˵ҿţԼ԰ɡ
¶ݺݵصĬһۣҲֻýԸ
С¶¶Էˡں溰
ķˣԵñȽϼ򵥣ϣһݺ⡢һཷ˿һƽƬ⣬Ҳûˣ
ⲢҵĬ¶ĸкҪʳԵƽһ㣬Ȼӵɽ亣ζܻĬУ
Ĭ¶ͼи̾¶¶ɷѿİֻǣܸʲôأ
극Ĭ־˽˻˵¡
壬һæĬżɽ˵
־ͷС㾡˵ܰæģľԻ岻ݴǡ
Ĭһ˼˵壬ϴҷ飬㶼֪һɣǼĻʹһİ
Ĭϸ֮˵ұ֯ˣ˼ҡ
ʵĬȷٻٻɱ콣῵֯ˣǣǼǣ¶ԼҲΪ¶űǣģᵽǸ֯ĿǱ֤־Լæ
־Щε˵㶼Ϊ¶¶űǣȥģ治֪ôл㡣
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־Ĭ֮ҲٶʣнһȷĬͨŮѡҲǸӵˡ
壬ѾǰˡĬ֪־Ϊ˺ˬҲĨǣֱԵƵѶԶԸǰϣܵõĽһ֧֣
С⻰Щˣڿվͬһսϡ־ŮҲǰ׷ɱĿ꣬ȻȷʵǺĬͬһսϣʲôҪֵ֧ģܿھˡ
Ǻãھһ¶ԸǰĳɡĬ˼һᣬ˵ȣһ֣Ҫһϡ
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Ĭ˼һᣬֵڶҪټһЩ䶷֣Աǵʱܹó
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־Ůʲô̬ˣҾͶʲô̬ˣԶҹŮվͬһսϣ
ҵĺðְ֡¶˵ţ͵־һڡ



ھʮ߻ ȥѧУ
һϣĬһͿſڡſһСᣬʹ˳ĴΪϻָǡôĵױʹǱʵˣһɫĵµļ¶һƬǰʯȴûˣǴ鱦ٵ飬Ѿѧ˵͵
ߵǰʱĬ΢΢һЦС簡
ҪȥѧҲĬòЦЦԸ˳ӵܡ
һᣬڹǿ֣־ҲлŲƷеõģҲеԼõģϾȥѧУҪǱס
˰ЩźúĬ˼ʻңʻңǹõĻζƮ˹˵ĸо
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ӽİ취̫򵥣˼ѧС죬ͼſڰװҪϷװǡ·ȻΪذǼå
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ѾͷǵϲķϣҾǡʱһ°ɡ



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ĪѶҵϲתƵ¶¶ϣԲҲڵģ
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룬ӦǾԼ䲻ңǰĳֱץ˸УԲŲңǾѶҵϲԶﰡ
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ûʲô滺æ˿˷ŵ輸ϣȴ̧ͷĬһۡ
Ĭ¶һҲ˼лصʵ˵ģҲЩţ»ƣѾͷôˣ˰ɣ
¶죬֪Ĭ͵µ飬ⶺ棬ҸղŵǸͷȽϺȻûȤ
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ʲôͷĬղŸû˵˵Щʡ
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¶ߺ治˼ĬһۣСǰʱ飬ҵһ㣬ҲҪϡ
ѾͷҵǸĬһԼĶ䣬ȷԼûУĿͶӣɬӣȷ˵ģȻһЦûʲôģҲŲôСأ
㣬ΪʲôһֱϣǴξҵ㡣˫εĬϣԼȷĴ𰸣
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ϣȻеӡԼµģӡûжӰ죬˼ɣĸо
ѹ¶¶ϲôǰûзأ
ֻڷ֣Ѿһˣ¶¶˼ҷչǹϵˣһӦ¶¶ģĬκ뷨
ĬҲע⵽ı仯ֻΪǼ˵ļҲû⣬˵˵ʲôлˣֿҹʣұİȫ쾭顣
ѵûбԭ𣿡ͷСߴҿûмĸ˾ôġ
ըʱĬԥѹԼϣԼ飬һ˾ܹġ
һԼ
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ܸܲǰȫİɣ˵Ծǻ׷棬ἺΪ˵ĺðɣô˵ˣҲŰ
Ȼ˵Ҳѵ˵ˣֻǵˣ˵ˣԺԼСЩˡ
ɵӣҾûСӸˣаֲ˼ֳֻ͵ţСһЩԶϵġ
ĬԶԣ



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뵽ͻȻһ⣬ұðСϲĨɱҡУȻݽȥˣ϶ܵ˺ģһӰǵĽùϵ
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һУɳϵķ񳡾ӳ˫۾У



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ĸʱ֪Ĭط㣬ԵΪУŶ޾ҸĬҲο
׹еСҵĹҪʲôʱŽȿȡ
ĬûһۣҲܿܽҲһӶܽ
ֵȽؼ𣿡
Ĭ˼һᣬ˵ʱǱ߶ʱɣĲܽҾȻؼҡ
ĸײڵǵʲôأҪôѾ˼
ĬѸĸǣҾ㸸ĸ֪飬Ҳչûа˵裬òŵģ֪ôġ
ϼĬԸϸ˵Ҳ׷ʣֻԼעⰲȫ
ĬͻȻһ¶˵裬¶ǹС̵ġ
ĸ׵˵ͷţʰɡ
С̱ǿ̥ǣǴС𣿡
ĸȻ֪Ĭԭ򣬵ǵͷǵģСǿ̥ǡ
Ĭ룬ʣСǰѰ׵ûУ
ĸҡҡͷûа˼֪һ裬ͳ˹¶⹫֮ͳǼҵһӡ
⹫ż𣿡
ĸ΢΢̾һ˼ص˶ʮǰʱ˼زסԺǡҲסԺ˼סһʶĸŮġĸ׻˿˵˼ĸز⹫ŲĿ˼͵¶Ժּɰͺ
Ĭ˵⹫С̵龭ؼһС̵ˣʣС̵ڲ֮ǰûк˵
ֻ˵ϼǽʡģΪ˶ڶûʲôѣĸڽϰһС̯Դά˵ƣĸȴͻȻز˵ĸҲ˸˫Ứ
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룬ʣС̵ĸ׾ûС̵ĸף
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С̵ʱĸѾʮˣʱڲչţԶСĸ׵ӡЩ̡
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׳Ĭ˺þãͻȻڵЩʲôأѵѰС̣
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һԿ׿ŵС̻ˣС̴һװɫĳ£ǡôױĨԵȻȻĩȴû˿ƣ̬֮ر˫۾Ȼһ塣
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Ҳһɣ
˼˲ˣ׼ˡĸ׽е


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Է󣬴ڿ￴һӣֱŵӣ˼ĬСȥϴɣȥ·
ԼңĬҲ˵Ǻãȥϴ衭
ϴͻصԼңԷǳɾ࣬ϣһɵܰƮȻԼڵʱ䣬С̶ⷿסġ
ɵϣ컨壬ظܰ
ʮӺ˼Ҳϴ裬ҲңʲôأᲽĬԱߡ
һԡ¶ܰƮ˹Ĭ鲻ԽذĿͶС̣С̣
һ׻Ұɫ˯£˯ܱܽԿˮһţĲϸŵˮΣչƵĵƹ£ԵþӨ͸Щ죬ͷϻʱ㷢߻ˮ飬һǣλõɫʣ
ȻѾǵһμС˴ˣǿô˵ĬЩɣһĪĳ嶯
һС̣ԡ֮󣬼ֱŮ
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һС̵ġֻСǰĬ֪ǻĸֵĺ塣
ߣǻС̰һۣǲƽʱСŮһʱҲôǵġ
ԩҴûжһ䡣ĬæͣȷʵûжŮ䣬˵⻰ԵЩֱ׳
˼֪ĬŮǰı֣ЦЦǲǾô㡣
أǶǺߵŮӣôܶң
˼ûǣ߻绰
Ĭ֪ⲻ˵ȥˣȻһС̳Դ׵ģĿһܣתƻС̣Щֽ˰ɡ
ˣʮŵģֻʮ˼˫ĿĬüŨ⣺ʮǧֽףʾÿһʮ죬ǵĶһġ
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ߣСӡ˼ݺݵصһۣҪҵĻҾĶ䡣˵ţҪӡ
˵裬Ѳ㲻׼Ĭһ˼С̣һ˵ֻ֤ĸϻԺ󣬻׵ģ
ô˵ǲԸˡ˼һסĶ䣬װź׵ӣСӣȻ˵ĸϻҽϻ㿴˵΢΢
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ӴҵĺС̣һ㣡Ĭæġ
ʵС̵ᣬûССһסĶ䣬ͿʼУҲͳ˱ܵķӦ
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˼һ㶣漴ͷ˭ӦҪ޸ˣǣüң⣬Ȼȫôġ
Ĭ֪СڹⶺԼһ֣ظ
һֻ֣ϸֱŵѪܣ֬ϵļɢԸУаָϵˣָͷ׶Բָǹָ͸Ǹ˼߹
Ĭģָϵ䣬ȻЩ¾ɣȴ̺һļĳŵظǽָЦС̴ûаָȡѵ˵Ӧ޸𣿡
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Ȼǰ濪һǲûпĳǹδԴע⡣
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ģǷɺŶ³½ıڣϰŮļ˰ˣǲҪթһҪɱڡ
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ӵղɽһС꣬˵ɣһСһģԼΪʣƭǡδ䣬ϵֻóһȻǷ˴ģ΢΢һջǽ˵绰
̷Ҳ˵ˣ׼ȥ׷ΪʲôҪȥ绰ͷһŭĸ
̷һô֪ǰΧŰˣ˺ͨ绰ɣܹάӦˣģǺЩɱڣԾ͸ˣǡҲΪõİȫ밡
ȱ˵ˡȰѵ绰ԱߵľҪ˵
̷΢΢һüͷȻԸǰѵ绰Աߵľ˵ǷˣҲǱŮĸףҪ˵
ʮӺ³ɵѾĺۼȫˣҶëΧݡ
ĬˣæСŮ³˵ˣǿԳȥˡ
³ɵ˵ͷֵܣίˡ˵ţùһֻǹָסĬԴ
Ǳ³ɳСŮվĬǰ˵ұɡ
ֻŮԼУİȫܵõ޶ȵı֤һԵеĲϳˣʸʱĵҡҡеСŮ˵СŮȥ㱧òã
ãҽ㣬ǻˡСŮӵĬĻС
ȥģȻ˲ˣҲŹǡĬСãģǲ˺ġ˵ţҲȥСŮǿаСС
ССã£ֻϷ˵һǹָСŮıϡ
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¿һӸһѳǹһǰһظųԷԺӴӡ
ˣϿ쳷һףȻǾɱʡ³ɶ˴е
úãֻҪǲ˺ʡڽСŮĸ׵ĵ绰ȻҴ⣬æֳ֯뵽һ⡣
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˿ӣ˵ǰԽҰԿ°ɡ
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̷ΣҲֻܳ룬ϾǾ
ܿ죬˶˵һ⣬Ĭ˳سԺӣװЮ뱻ЮƵӣ̷ԽҰ
³ĬҰսӵĶѣȻῪˣʻңһˡɿǰȥˡ
տȥһᣬĬֻˣС̴ģոսǱ߾ʹһСô°Ҹղô㱻Юˣ
Ĭ³ɽ֮˼ûȥȺĬɲһᣬͿڵ￪ȥȻбը֪ˣһֱԶ
֪Ĭ˵ãղſЮ֣зǳɻҲǳĵǣʮ׺Ȳش绰ˡ
Ĭһů⣬æС̣û£һٺϸ˵¡
ʲôʱǧ°κ飬Ҫ˼ǡ˼
ĬҶϵ绰˶ϵëȡղΪΣûпעŮӺһӵӣһᣬſǵģ
ŮӶʮӣȻƤЩڣٻͦģر˫λε۾峺дż侲ɡЩ죬һͷ̷Ⱦػɫ߶ЩС̫õ󣬵ȴĬС
ǸҲǶʮӣòЩ󣬵۾ȴһ䲻ϵ
ССŮͣæĬ˵ɡ
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ֻĬĻУСŮҵôһ㰲ȫӽӵĬУ磬ǲǺһİ
ǵģģиڣû˻˺㡭ĬˮСŮĶ˵ţװοԼҹŮ
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ȷʵеҪŪǮҲΪСӰС޹ġ
ţ֪Ȼ㲻ôƴǡ³طһʹһڣԼǶԲȻֵܿЦˡһᣬʵطֵܣطǸĸ𣬸ղ濴ǺһԷŮӣӦС̰ɣ
áĬ˵ͷ⣬ΪʲôҪСأѵôȱǮá
ȱǮãҲ޵µ鰡СҧгݵʹŮĸףǼһﲻǸ
ǣǿǲܰôֻץŮˣȻݺݵһʡղճǹҲǷȻ
ô˵ĬǰСŮԭԭ⼸СʹСŮĸףǲСŮױ˱𣬽ͰСŮˣ˳㻹һʾ޿
ֻû뵽СŮĸײҪɱƹ˺Ʊ
ɣ㵹˵˵СŮĸ׵Ǹʲô
³ɼĬҲˣԼֵܵȻģʵ˵ǷɺŵĶ³к½ǽʡڰĴ
ɺţĬüͷɺŲǰʱҪźǼԭǳ޵˾ǷɺŵĶ³
ɺŲǿ󣬶һƻܣȻֱϾǮƣȻ½޿κˡ
˵֮ǰǾǰ˵ģлò棬Ȼ׬˶ǮҲңҶҲûжΣ³˵Щгݣֻǰʱ䷢һ飬ȴǵƽ
ⶼҼҵġСӹ˵һǰҼһɺŵ¹˾ѩ䣬ż죬ͷͻȻըըʱǡڳըĻճˡС˵ѾЩ죬ȻûʲôΣգҪҽδΧ˿ڣȴҪѶʮľ޶ҽƷѣȻ󡭡ȻҺҰȥҵѩ˾˺⳥ѩ˾ȴ˵ǲǱıը˵ǲ߰·Ļ֣˱ıը
Сһڿˮ˵ѩ˾ֻԸǮʧҰǾܵɺ˾ֱʾƣɺŵĲΪɺŴֵıǴ˹ۡСЩЩҰ˾ǣǾҪֱȥҷɺŵĶ³½һߵֳſס˺½׼ָ˵ȴû뵽ıúܣǲûΪڴˡ
ģ鶼ŭ𡣡³ɷȻӴȱڴһڶʹͬСҲһ³ɿеǺͬóǹӡ
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ˣ½ǮƣҪͨ;ֻعǻǲܵ飬뵽˰·³Щص˵ͨڵ;Ū˵Ȼ鵽ŮѧСѧѧʱ򣬶Ю֡
ǰܳɹҹϺǳ¿ϼңǶﻹϤ³ɻ˿˵Χһ˲ڼҵķӣȻŶ룬ʱס档ס֮ǲŷǼﾹȻûʳһϵļǴҶЩܲסˣǽ磬Ҿͳȥе㷹ˣ˳̽һ
³ɳ󣬲Ĭǡ˺½һڣǸǡǰ³ɴ򶷵ıڣϵ³ɵòϳԺϰŮİܰйأǾ͸ٵСԺ桭
˵³ǻ湻ùģǮǿԼǺ½ȴû뵽ɣ䵽˾У㶪С
Ȼжɹԭ򣬹׻ΪǺ½ͲںŮҪںĻô׷
ãĬĳֹ֣ɱСŮָķȻ˿̣ͺ;ƴˣѾȥŹرˡ
˶Ȼû˵жĬǸмҲǳСֽŵĻ£ôȷľϣ˵䲻ϵ侲ϳɡ
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ô˵Ҳ̫ˡĬ룬ʵɺſԭеģʮ·̣ȻܵˣôᱻҵˣʵЩ⣬⼸ȻҪ绰թƾǵӦòᱻ½ıôҵɡ
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ĬǰûסǼƵ꣬Ϊ˰£Ҳֻݳһˣ˿ͨ׼ļ۸񡪡ŰٰʮˣлѪĸо
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ֻϧѾϵˣ֪ǲܸıİģԼûκοԡ
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Ĭȴûж͵ûжȤûмŮӵòٴδʱԼѨȫӵϣо룿
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ĬаЦŮ˻ǰڶˣΪ˼ԼˣҪױ̨ǰͿĨʡ
һᣬһͳϰ壬Ҫ㡣˵ȻŮӵıڡ
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ǵģ⻹һһŮ
ǽɣڿңϾͳŮӵûжٸ仯
¶Ĭһ㶣Ǻ½ɣŮӺǻЩ



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һᣬŮӾͳԷȥ˿
Ůӳ˷䣬Ĭл뿪ģ֪ŮӺǺ½ϵȻ̽һ¡¶۾˿ΧԷһӰûУƺܹӵ
뵽Ӻ״ڴ̨ϣҪڣȻᱻ˷ֵģǴӴϳһϸЩ˩ס˴ϡһ㴰ˣҲ׷쳣ԼҪ뿪ʱҲܽӡ
ᲽԷſȥſڳȥһ׿Ĺ߳ϴԡҺòûӰǱ߿ȥˡ
֪ǱߴǲȥģȻ϶ᱻŮӵıڷ֣һ뵽ԱߵòͿһǽӦܹǱߵ̸
ߵòſڣ򿪷ţһ̵ػε棬ȻûпƣǽŴ΢ƹ⣬ĬܿΧһУһʮƽ׵òмһʮתԲһŷŲ;ʳĹ̨ͱ䣬ұǼ磬Ĭұǽԣ㵽һ棬ȡеһǽϣһ߷ŵԼϸǱߵĶ
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ǽһ£ΣλS鱨ֳָλڶеٻС㡣
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Ĭֱó˵Ǻ½ֻ½˵С㣬λҪϹΡ
С㣬ãҼƯҲ߹ĶŮˡ˵Ȼ﷢Щ׼ȴ
ллϹλû˿ɫʣʲô𣿡
ġ˵ƻܹȫִΪȫֶǵִȫϣܺǽȺǰȫֶǵĴǰǵõҪĶ
Ĭиǵ˵ŮƺƻĴмһŮǿƺЩװɣ
ǲСĴѨ˰
ôٻٻƻᲢûжٹϵǺS鱨кܴϵ֮ԵΪƻ̸顣
ֻϹ˵ƻֻһС֯ƽɢҲжӰ졣
֪ϾǵҪװܹܱȽɢĺáϹǿǱӵһģҪƻɢˣ֯Ҳ鷳
Ȼ԰ƻȹѹΪ룬ڶԷ룬ȻҪǿҪˡ
˵ҲмֵϹγɣ˵˵ǰǵԼЭķ
ʵǺ͹һȫҪŲĽ飬ԸǺǿͨͰȫֶƻĴȣͬʱǹ鱨Ҳ뵽ùǣȫĵͶ뵽ƻȱܹηͷҲͻ𽥺ƻġ
һ˵ǵĺˣҪϵĺһϸ飬СԿһ
ĬѰ˼ȻϣȫS鱨ְõļϸUϻܾǹS鱨ֺǼϸͨصģֻǣȫֵҪﲻ٣û˵Ҫҳϸ»÷һ
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ڶŷǿֲ¼ҲƺΪûеôſȫֵĴ
S鱨ƻҲӦS鱨ֺͰȫּϸֲ߻ģĿֻһǾǱȰȫִƻᣬȻS鱨ֲкƻ̸еĳ룿
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Ҳ˵ŵĿֲ飬ܿS鱨֡ȫͽ½ֲ߻ģĿľҪɶҺѹʹȫִƻᡣ
뵽ĬвS鱨ֵļһҲ̫˰ɣǰƻϾ·ȻװɴǣԴﵽϹҺĿġ
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ǰƻΪ˺źвŵΪ˿Ҳʲô࣬ڻпܴӦԷĺ
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ϹγĬһᣬ˵ȱǣҺúÿݺͬ飬һףٸǲ١
ֻǣֻѾˡ½ЩΪѵ˵һӦ˰Ǽ档
ǣЧ湻ߵġϹЩ̵˵ȻǣȲҪǼ棬ȻʱͳһǻԿġ
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½ߺ󣬴ʱĬõ˶ջҲˣڣܴܲӴصϹԷĴ̨
΢΢ͷȥ鿴ȻǱ߿̨һԴķ羰ǡǸղ˵ϹΡ
ĬûпϹεݣ͸æԴ˻аڴ̨ҪӴڻصǱȥǼܣҲֻðմſˡ
ᲽſڴһĶ沢ûнŲϢش򿪷ţ¶һС϶鿴ȷʵûˣһСϹԷķȥ

ĬҪߵԷſڵһ˲䣬ԷſһͳĽкȣ
һߴѾſǰжһѳǹһصĬ
ӿʮ꣬һװ˵ĸͷֱ࣬۴׳ݸʯһĸоӲ䣬·һʯ񡣶ŵĳǹָĬؿڴһҲָڰ춯ͻ⶯
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ĬóǸ֣ԼȻǹָˣǻǱνˣȻԷһСİ⶯˰ԼҲˡ
æ˫֣һ˳ӵ˵Ҳǹⴳġ
ͬʱ°룬һʲôʱģҸղôûŲ
Ҹô죬Ǹ֣ҪԱлҪѡ
תϹε
Ĭ¸ɻӵĿƺͷңղſڿԭҪҴų
ӻǲ򵥣ڷ֮󣬾Ȼôãֱ뿪ʱ򣬲˰סˡ
ΪʲôҪղЩأѵǾҲܰЩܴȥҲ˵Ҫɱڡ
Ӧòᣬƾ̣ܹµлģĽѩҺܾûлȥȻ̽飬ʱǻѲ˸ϵġ
뵽°һֻҪǲԼɱԼл
ϰȥû𣿡˳ǹѵ
Ĭεתȥ
һаʮƽ״ĿĴʯذשɫƤɳŵĲ輸ߴϼҵ磬رм컨ֱ׵ˮ飬貵ĹâʹԵø
Ŵһ棬мŸ־µƷпڳ۵մƷ̼ľ̵ܣзϷˮƷȤ
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Ĭ֪˳Ψһĳ·ο˶Լ˿ԹԵŮбɳϣĿͶŮӡ
һɫˣҶü䣬Զɽ࣬ǾµıЩͦ·ĵִ̣ӣԸУջر˫ͬѰŮԵ۾лһ˿εĲɫ۽ëԱһ˳ö࣬΢΢۽ԵĶˣͫ׺ĵںϳһּ顣
Ȼ˫ʮŮûж𣬵ǳ侲ɫȴǸһƮݳĳʣŻʹʥ࣬κһ˶Ϊ֮رתʱƷ飬ÿҲᶯġ
һߣһɫҷسȹֱˬ㷢΢Ժ󣬻ӳƹʯԽӳѩ׵ļȫÿһǡúôȹֵߣҲ˵֮
˾ɫϵŮӣĬȻЩ˫ĿþòԸ뿪ӡĺ壬ǰŮˣǰ嵽˼
ѪĿ䵽˫Լ΢ɫʱв룬ԭǸϲƷѹ˾
ʱϹҲǡðͶ˹֪ǻþʲôĬȻ˫пһ˿飬Ϥ顣
Ҳһ£ôЩϤһˣ
˭أԺһԼߵˣȻ͵ǸԼˡС̣
漴һЦ̫˼ˣô˭Щ
ϵĲȡˡϹε˪һ޷ܵϡ
ǹָŵĬûеڶѡֻֽϵɲȡ
Ϲϻһ˿ȣ𣡡΢һЩƺһ˵Ϣˣ
պóꡣ
ʲô֣ܵʲô
ĬջĿװЩŵӣ˵ұ׼͵ģȴǸղŵ̸Ҫôôɡ֪ԼǷ񶨸ղ͵ʲôŮӷţ˵Լˡ
͵͵ˣµһˡϹЦһ£˵ɣ˭ģʵʵ˵һῼǷһ·
ĬͻȻŮ˶һݾ裬òټǳȴϻ۵ǣŮκһ˶޵ջȴκһ˶µģرԼ˿̻Ƕ֡˼һᣬ˵ǺðɣҾʵ˵ˣŲţǾˡ
ţ㲻˵ٻϹ⻰в㲻˵ٻ
ұҪȥ̽ģղӵǴʱ¥ȴͻȻһƿǡǴ⣬ǵľĬһ˵ҿԷĴǴ򿪵ģΪ˱ⱻǷ֣͵ߵ˹ȻԷ
𣿡Ϲ˫ĿĬ۾
Ĭ񣬡ʵ
ϹοĬһᣬͻȻЦ֪˭ˣµıڣĬ
Ĭ΢΢һɣŮƺ̫һ㰡ȻСﶼʶһǴҲŵĿֲϮý屨ʱסҵò
ȻϳˣĬҲûʲô˵ˣֻеͷҺң˾ȻϵôһС
һûгɼң벻ҪҷˡϹɫһ˿ŭ
Ӧжʮ˾˰ɣȻûн飿Ĭа룬Ҳ֣С̶ʮˣһûнַµŮӣȻҵʺϵˡ
ղŵĻˡϹμȻϳĬµıȻܹµ̽Ŀġ
С㣬ҶҸղŵĴűʾԵǸ⡣Ĭ֪ҪôһŮΨһİ취ǿһ˵ұ֤ҲҸղĻ߸κˡ
ղڴһЩÿĳ˵Ӧڵ۾һЩĶҸӦɱˡϹλһתҽ鲻Ҹһ˵ҲɱĻᡣ
һŮ˼ңôڱտھɱأҲ̫ѪһɣĬа룬ӲڿЦҲ˵пɱҡ
ܣǰ˳ǹӣƺվżڣԼҪǿеѣڳҪ˵Ҳһ׵顣
һһҵ㻰˵ɣҪ˶ã˳ǹھϾͻиʱҾһЮŮˡ
Ȼǻ۲䶷ϣӦòǿɡ
ÿˣǲܴӳȥģֺܺáϹε
ӵĶ治һ㣡ҽҪȥҪƴһˡ˼һᣬ˵Ǻãϣ˵㡣



һһʮĻ ص׷
˵ɣءϹ֣ǰ輸ϵĲˮһڣ̵ϣ˫Ŀǰӻĵطһµӡ
ŊСͲµˣǴĿֲʱ䣬˭в߻İɣĬһ侲˵ԣǸղS鱨ҹӦָɵģҽΪǼ̽ģΪ¼ܺߵıڣ飬ҲȻİɡ
ȻϹص˵ͷ
Ĭ˵ҰˣƻҲкܴĺôһȫֶǵĻɣתưȫֵߣҲͿƻһ͵Ļᡣ
ϹһЦô˵վͬһսˣ
ΪǵġĬ˶٣˵ûпСӦһڵŮӣS鱨ݺƻᣬȻװ˳ɣҪκȱΪӦǲӦģңǵĺȻǹкܴΣģٵ飬ʺȥ
ϹͿĶܷ꣬Ϊƻ᲻ڱ෽ϴѹڸղź̸Уû̫ķĬô˵Ȼ֪ĸо
˼ͦ͸˵˵ҵˣ˵ϻ¶һ͵Ц
һЦ綬һ⣬ŵǾòм֮⣬ʹѵĬҲһ¡
ЦӣмС̣
Ĭ빧ά仰ģǲķ£ʵԼпܵõԷͬ˵Ҳʶ֪飡
ϹαΪĬһĻЩ⣬˵Ȼ㲻֪ҵ飬ô²Ҳٵ˵ˣҵĹй
ĬȻ㲻йţĻڻģӵдɫʵң͸Ӧάˡ
˵ö԰ɡϹΰĿ»صĬϣ˵ʹҲƽ͵飬͵ҵ飬ָô㣿
ҵʱΣѡԷĬǸҵ۾ڵסˣûп嵱ʱĳԲ֮ܳΪ͵˵ͬʱа룬֪ҶȴҪƤӵ»·ⲻǹ
Ϲεô˵㶼ӦΪðȻҵԷۡ
ĬģǸҪҸʲôۣǾҲҵˡ
ҪأԹ𣿡Ϲٴαñ
ҿһϾ˶ϧԼġ
Ĭ˵ȴѾоŮӲ̫ΪԼΪԼĳ֣ûжκ˺пܰǳƻԩһɴµˣԲСġ
ǸСŮˣһǸаŮˣҲΪС¶һׯϾһɵᡣ
ѵûģ
ĬʵشʵҸղЩˣȥ˵ٻҲŹҵġ
ţ˵ˡϹĿͶ˻ǹӣ˵¡Էſˡ
ԱߵıԣæеĳǹȻǹȻǸգĬһҲ
Ĭ°һǹָŵζǲܣ
ȵʲô𣿡
ĬȷʵЩڿˣҲ˵һˮɡ
ȥ̸˺
õġ¡Ӧһ䣬Ǳ߹ȥˡ
һᣬһʮ긾Ůһ裬˰뱭ŵĬǰá
긾ŮȥϹΰĿصĬϣƽ˵㼸˽⣬ԻشҲԲش𡣡
ȻǹָˣϾ˼ҵĵϣĬǵÿһЩͷʰɣܻشľش𡣡
ƻʲôӡ󣿡
ҶƻỹǺ˽⣬ҾãǱźͷɺź飬ʵڲôʡ
Ϲεͷһ㲻ʣˣϲʵ顣
Ĭ⻰ùǺʲôֱԸ˼һᣬ˵Ҿõòã¿һҵˣķǲЭġ
ϹЩм˵ûǴοֲϮӦǺģκ˶˵õƽ
ĬͻȻŮЩΪ˴ﵽĿģҲӦв˵ļ˰ɣΪʵЩɶӡ
İ
ϹݸһЦ룬˿һұɶ񶾰ɡ
ĬûӦϹΣһĬ˵ӣΪ˱Σ˲輸ϵĲ豭һڡ
ˮڣһˬƢþûζǲмƷ
Ĭûкȹô㴼Ĳ裬֪Ǹĵľ´ۣһҪǧԪ˿ôĲʣʵЩ
ϹβתƻǰƺµıڣһСӹ
Ĭÿɷص˵ͷ
Һ֣Щ춼ģ
ĬԲҲܸ
ƻᣬӦ𣿡
Ĭа룬ƻڿڱȫִҪ֯Ѱ·𣬶ҶƻûкøУܼ롣΢΢һЦлĺ⣬ʹӦˣҪһֱڡ
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ˣ˾Ϊ׷󻯣ǶԴҶкô벻ȰҲӦǵĺ
ڳݵͦ𡣡ϹεҾãµıڻʵϧˣ㻻һܹĳɾ
ʱû㡣
Ϲ׽ǿµŮˣ뵱Ů
˼Ҳش
Ϲ豭һڲ裬ΪĬ˵Ǻðɣҵ⵽Ϊֹ뿪ˣȻ¥ϵĻᵣġ
Ĭ⻰⣬Լܴ¥ϵЭվǺãˡ˵ţȥˡ
ϹһĬȥıӰЦһ¡СӻһЩڲͬرĳַʽرĶ飬رԴ䣬̵̣
ĬոսݣĽѩӭ˳ʵû°ɣôôòų
Ľѩղһֱ¥עĬȻϹεķ䣬Ĭܾûд¥ȥĬģ뵽ܽԼֱ뱣֤ӵι̣Ҳֻ潹ȴˡ
ȥȻ˵Ĭңͷ쵽⣬ûʲôɵˣһӣ
ߣԱߵĽѩ˵Ľѩ㣬ҸղŷشϢˡ
Ľѩ£Աߣ˵ʲô֣˵
ĬѸղϸĽѩһ飬һɵĴϣ˵˿ƻʱǵĶ֣ҪԸS鱨ֺͰȫֵͽ
Ľѩ˼ص˵ͷֻҪ鴦ǰȫֵͽ˭ȻҵS֤ݣܹŶˡ
Ĭ˼֤ݵУֻҪĵԸֲпܽ⿪
ţǾѰһ¡
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ҿȥȡɣ鷳
ϴ֮ע⣬ΪƿǵĻβˡĬһЦģȡñȰ׶ˣһӾܸ㶨
ǺãעһЩ
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ӣͷֱӵ˵ϣ鿴ݡ
ƵողһĬͿһϤӰٻٻͷٻٻӿҴߵ˴ڣڴ̨һ˴
ĬаٻٻǸղϹηܵٻȴ֪S鱨ֵˣǰȫͽˣ
ٻٻѴˣ龰ȴҲܿҲֻðȫ档
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룬롣
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Ҫȥһˣ֪ʱûʱ䡣ɣȸ绰ܲ˵ϺҼһ棬Ȱǵĺ
Ҳãȸ绰ɣ㣬Ǿ˵׼ˡ½˵ţ˵绰
뿪ԷԺͣʮӺָֻС㣬ôǺϹҵĺ
Ҷⷽ治˽⣬ҸɵֻӴ㣬ľͲܹˣ¡ٻٻ
Ĭа֣ٻٻͦİٻٻSֱˣɵӴġ
ٻٻеĸɵĪǾǸȫֵͽҲҪ̽ݵˣ
šʱ䲻ˣطϢɡ
ǺãҲϢ
ĽѩĬһۣ˵û뵽ϹҵļϹˡ
ѵǰǵ𣿡ĬǰϹҲûж˽⣬Ľѩ˵𣬵ЩȤϹǰļ˭
ϹϰɣҲǰżŵĶ³
µ˼µıڣĬŹżţżһۺԵĿţҪ漰ԵͨѶͲϿƷƷķչŵӪҵǧңйӪ̣Ѿ߰ΧǿҵȥǸ߾ӵھʮλ
żŵܲλϷĸ۶ڴ½ط԰붫԰ڽʡ㺼ҵ԰Ǵ½һ԰Աʮ֮ڡ
ĬѹƻǿԭżܣǿʼıⱩѩźͷɺҲǵ
һᣬ˿ʱ䣬ѾʮһˣĬʱ䲻ˣϢɡ
Ľѩ˵ͷǺãȥϴ衣˵ţԡȥˡ
ֻһ󴲣ĬȻðѴøĽѩˣصɵɳϣͨ˼ĵ绰˼˯𣿡
սأ׼ȥϴء绰ͷ˼̫ˣٶ󡣡
Ǻǣ´Һһ棬֤ɱƬײ
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ţǾͺá˼Ĭչ˳ҲǳˣϢɣ컹Ҫء
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ţҪһ
ĬܵԡһۣȷĽѩͻȻ֮󣬲һǵ
˵绰Ĭָô˸绰ȥ
绰꣬ĽѩҲԡˣʱһɫ˯£չֵð͹£֣Ƿǡ
Ĭ֮²мֱܵ궯ĽѩĻǺãľǲһ
ʮӺĬԡң˿ŵԷţʵĽѩ㣬ôء
ĽѩԿЦ˵ҹŸʲôѵ͵ɣ
͵ŮˣȻ顣Ĭа룬˽ң֪ҵƷ
ɣϢɡĬصĵƣ׼صɳϡ
˵˵
ô˻˵ĬҲ˼ܾںĽѩУԼҲܻȤҡ



һһʮ ĽѩĦ
ʱĽѩڴͷһ־ⷭţ̻¶޳ȣ󷽷ذڷڴϣѩ״һۣʵЩĬ
Ĭе־ŵͷϣһЦ죬ҷɣ
ôءĬϣЦЦ㻹û˯Ⱑ
˯ģһ뵽㣬û˯ˡĽѩ뿪Ц˵
ĬЦʲôϵ
ĽѩĿⶨĬϣ˵룬ôˣּȳɫʵ˰
Ĭ˼ЦЦĽѩô佱ңһ὾ġ
˭ڿ佱ˣĽѩĬһۣ˵ʵ˵㱿
Ĭһʱ֪ôش𣬹˺һǿһ䣬ȷʵЩرԴĽѩʱ򡣡
ҲŲأұء
ܱǴҺýˡ
Ǻǣ˵㱿ھȻ֪˵ôĻˡ
ĬϵɲʲôĻֻǰе뷨˵ѡ
Ľѩ¶һŵЦݣǲǴԶҵˣ
ȻˣһΪ㣬Ϊ㡣
۸ʲǫ̂ʰʵڲ˳ڡĽѩΣ˵С룬Ҫٻôһ㣬Ǹʲôأ
ٻһ㣿ĬЩΪʲôҪѵϵĻ˻ࣿ°룬˻ȥɣôڻ֮ǰһ١أЩƵģ
ĽѩָָָܷܷĬĶͷѵû˵һ仰С˲Ů˲𣿡
һɵƮ˹Ľѩԡ¶ζĻζһջ
ĬǣĽѩʲô˼أѵҪңа룬ӦòܣĽѩ֪ҺС̵Ĺϵôʻˮ
˼ҪһЩ˵ڰС̵ͬʱҲϵһ㣬һ
벻ͨŮ˵˼Ůģ룡
ιʲôءĽѩɱ̫ҿɲҪ㡣
ĬЦЦҵȻ֪ĽѩҿЦġ
ЦҲ˵ˣ㻵һ㣬ôһ㡣ĽѩС˵ﻰ𣿡
Ĭ˵ͷȻˣĽѩҪܺ˵ﻰǾҵҸ
˰ɣ˼Ҹ𣿡
ĬоĽѩĻЩ⣬а룬Ľѩ㲻ϲ˰ɣȻĻôһһģҸͷתġ
ԲСֻ֪˼ԲŲԸϲҵĻ˵ô˺һˡ
ֻϣĽѩ̫ˣҵϲҲֻǶСܵܵİԺվܹҵϲˡ
СʵС˾رǿŬ˰ϵİ೤˵ÿζҪԼϵĵһҲ԰ϵͬѧϸ񣬶һЩĽѩɫдһ˿黳ԸʹҴСȱѣرȱѡ
Ҫ㲻ҪǿҲܳΪعûлҺˡĬа룬ʵҲԸ񣬲ұȽںͬѧǹͨˣǲûԶңҰҵѧϰİ
ĽѩĿⶨĬϣ˵ҴСͺ㣬һֱǰ˰ĽĶֻҵԸøӰȻĮرڶԴЩϲҵʱҸֵ˪һЩȻϲңȴұ˵ĽѩǿЦһ£ǵóʱһдһ飬ҵڰ˺ˣ֮󣬾Ҳûҽӽˣ˵׷ˡ
ĬЦĽѩ㵱ʱһСð㵱˺飬϶ġ
ԼʱΪĽѩ̾һ˼ϲ㣬ǿĸҲԼҸԼȥֺ⣬˶ԴˣǲӦá
Ĭв¶ѾͷϲԼҲһ־޴ĸԼҸԼӦúúöԴġ
ĽѩЩ꣬æοĽѩ㣬ǶСʱˣСʲôģҲȥ⡣
Ľѩ˵ͷ˵ԺҶĿư࣬ϾͼȻкûжٽӴѧǶǿľУһɫŮӣûкĻᡣ
ĬЦô˵ĽѩǾ崿кӶûнӴ١
Ҷʮˣ崿أĽѩڼ䣬٣ɵҰ˵Ҫһߣҿֻƽ⡢רһ˲ˡ
ҪûдÿŮе˶ġ
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⵹ʵǴ˵ĹͬصɡĬΪˣҪһ£ʵҲȫ̷ǣһòһȴòأ
ҲֻҴСйһ˵ı׼ȷʵģһʱȻܽܡĽѩһתĹʱҲǣֻеˣȴǷ˱ʵı仯ǵĴʾ̰ƺɫ
ʵк˵ģֻĽѩ㻹ûĬĽѩɫæοڲõĽĽѩܹҵһϲĺ˵ġ
Ľѩ΢΢һЦԿЦ˵ھ˰ֻѾ˱ˣȴҲµڶŮˡ
Ľѩ˵ңĬ֪ĽѩڿЦ˵룬һʱ֪ôӦ
Ľѩӻһ˿꣬С˵ģڽ벿֮Ҿһֱоܹ¶ĺϣԺҵһúչңһЩչҲУǣȴһֱûҵ
¶ĬصǰĽѩǸŮˣŮû£е¶ģֻ¶ʱʵЩˡ
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СҾﶼãһ㲻áĽѩֵ
Ĭ΢΢Цһ㲻أĽѩ˵ұ֤
̫ˣеʱͲܸһЩ𣿡Ľѩ˵ϾȻһ˿ɬ˵е¶ʱ򣬾Ͳܰοο
ʱĽѩĸоԼܹ¶Ƿݹ¶ʹԼһı͸ǵĺȫÿһϸ˵ʹࡣ
Ĭֶ֮ݵʹ࣬ΪϣһԼҪ⣬µĺ佥ɢȥǣ֪ĬѾ֮еĹ¶о͸ǿˡ
رǽ磬˼ϵʱĺʹȻʧʹݲġ
ʹȥϣܺĬĽһӴʹ࣬˵ҪĬοԼĻ
֪ĬİοҲԼˣΪĬջѡ˼ġãһû̸˵ˣһ˷һ£ٻήԼԺż׼ȻԼż׼ⱲӻпԶԶʹ࣬ܺ£
⻰ʲô˼Ĭĥаο⻹ҪԼȥڲеġ
ĽѩĬµԼ˼ͷȥ˵ѵһҲϲ㣿
ĬæȻϲˣֻǡֻǡ
ȷʵϲĽѩҪûС̣ѡŮϣҲһĽѩ¶֮ѡģֻڼȻС̣ôܺչ
˼Լ˼Ļ˵ڣĻʵڲ֪ô˵
Ľѩ֪ĬʲôЩ˵ģĽѩ㲻ģƻ˼ĸ顣
ĬĽѩ˼ˣЩ֪ʵĽѩ㣬˵Ҹôο㡣
ܼͣ򵥣һǶİοˡĽѩϴ֮Ũ
ϤŨ˵޳üϸ΢̵ںڽëƻõˮû˿覴õĹǴżȴֳԸеӣС죬ʵǾȵջ
ĬͻȻҳ嶯Ϸһ䣺׾ףҳԿһ§Ľѩ̽ȥҪĽѩ촽
Ľѩ鶯ʱ˫ۣ׼ȥһ̣Լĳǣ׸Լ͵ˣֵõġ
촽׵ʱĬͻȻͣסˣ뵽С̣ԼôʵЩԲ뵽ǰĽѩ㣬Լôֲ飬Ů˿ɶǸĶﰡʱڸԵУȻʲô鶼ܽˣǵ˹ǿ϶Ҷᱡ˶ˡ
УΪ
ʵ̫ˣö֡ĬЦ
Ľѩþûеȵεǣ²ЩʧĬĻзŲ£°̾һ̫һ㰡仵һ㻹治һ򵥵飡
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ûаָӵֳ˫Իõ磬ݺݵذĬһۣûҿԲŮӸ˼֡
Ĭа룬ǿɲһҪĸŮҪҸˣҪһڣұ֤ռ˵ġ
ͻȻղŵĽѩĻĽѩ㲻ģƻ˼ĸ飡˼ǲԼ𣬶һС֪ȻԼΪʲôռء
ʲôأĽѩ˵Ĭıӡ
ĬΪղʧȥǸڡ
ٸһᣡ
ʱе㺦ߣҰᱣ´Ρ
УһⶼûСĽѩЦ壬ɾûˣǴҲŲء
Ҿûа취ˡĬװЩʧӡ
Ľѩ˼һᣬЦӯӯڸһֲĻᣬҪ𣿡
ĬȻȥֲʲôǼȻ˼ҶôˣҲ֮˵ˡ
ĽѩһɵڴЦˣȫĦ
Ĭɦɦͷһðһ仰Ҳ̫أ
ΪᣬҪѧȻ˼ԺҪĦô찡ĽѩݸЦ㹻ΰɣԼƷôлң
Ĭв룬һкܶණᣬ㲻ҲƷɡ
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Ʈ㣬ŨĬһ󲨶ҪǶڹŴǸöð
ĬоԼͻȻſ˺ܶ࣬ԼαôأĽѩԼ֪֪װȻںԼֺαôǡ
˻ϣҪʵһЩȻԼϲĽѩ㣬Ǻһʱ򣬾Ӧ÷ſĻȥݿ֡
Ħ˶ʮӣĽѩЦˣȫˣİĦǲ
ĬͣеĶЦأ͵ǰսѡ
УҲŲսأ㡣ĽѩбڴϣĬ
ĬǡðĿͶȥ˫ĿĿײһ˫۾ŷ𿴵޵⣬ǣӣ
ͻȻЩˣæԼĿƶȥ
ĽѩҲЩڸղŵæװһµӣЦЦõܵܣҪ㰴Ħ𣿡
ĬǴ¶¶ԼİĦЩ£ҪĽѩҲһ󹴻굴ǵİĦĳطҪڨڨһЦˣһûƣĸо
ţǺðɡĽѩ¶һɵЦݣôãˡ
Ĭ̽ʵȥ˯ˣɲĽѩΪԼǲ
ðɣ˯ˡĽѩЦ׼˯
Ȼɳˡ
ǺǣûԷﱣİȫ
ðɣĬЩ˼˵ĽѩôﻹҪұİȫ
а룬㲻Ҳѧ¶¶Һͬɣ¶¶ŮζûŨҪǺһ˯һܲջ
СӣΪͬ˯𣿡Ľѩ¶һЦݣ˵˯ذϵģذܿ
һǸԸ˯ɳĬվ˵Ľѩ㣬ҲϢɣ
ţ
ŵʱĬ׼ţĽѩȴùˣŸͨһЩ
ҾĽѩҹҡĬҲһЦ֣Ľѩһ޾ĸоҲһԼǲʵԼ
ɵɳϣԺоþûĽѩղ˵Щ



һһʮ ּϹ
ڶϰ˵ӣĽѩĬص˱༭ڵũ֣ʱҸպó緹׼ȥˣ
Ľѩһȥɣ˼
ĽѩЦЦˣЩˣưɣȥˡ
ĬЩΪѣĽѩĻʵЩΣһԼС̵磬Щ̣ò׳һΣȴ˼һũʵЩ˵ȥ
Ǻðɣˡ˼˳ǣĬ֡
ѽܴŮСôǣְһζ
˵ȻĽѩͷĽѩǴڸ飬ʧȥһǮѣ¸ʹĽѩһֱһᱨĽѩڼĬ˼ǣ֣ôܷŹ᣿
Ľѩ²ѵһûаֳں˵ĬҵܵܣҵܵŮˣҸأ
ҿвôİɡܵأûлȥҹ˰ɡ
ƨ£ǵ顣ĽѩĻЩŭЩǺ졣˼Ҳ翴Ľѩìܣļ̣ȻվĽѩһˣһĽѩ̵Ľѩûпڵµ˼ƽϣ߰ɡ
ѽԼˡ⽫еúܴ󣬡ιģǲ֪ĽѩСһȰɣ͵飬㾹Ȼ˵
Χͬͱ˵Ľ˹ԣ۹⿴Ĭˡ
žһ죬Ľѩһȥ˦˴һơ쵤ָӡϣ˵Ŀ
ĬакãԸŮ˲˵Ҫô
ۡʱһֱĸĽѩˣȻҴû桭ء
Ľѩ׼ʱһ㿪˴򣬲˳ϵһһɵֱӺǴһ˵˵ϡ
˼Ľѩ߰ɡĬȥΧЩֵˣ˳ǣĽѩ֣˲ȥˡ
ˣҵţԹĿ
Ҳҵţһ̰ġĽѩͷ
ũ֣ĬһƵĽѩ˵Ľѩ㣬ȥСˣǲǼ˼ƽϡ
˼ҲοǣǺһ฾ƽʲôأ˵ʱ⿴ĬǣĽѩ֣ȻȻػһ˿á
Ľѩʶһ㣬æѿĬ֣ǿЦûʲôˣҲŲΪС¼ء
Ǿͺá˼ĿͶĬСȥأ
Ĭȥϻ˴쵱ȻȥɽˣĽѩ㣬ô
Ľѩ;ԼЩ࣬ܵص˵ͷɣﶼ档
Ǻðɣȥɽ档˼һǣĬ֣һĽѩ˲Ǳߵɽشȥˡ
ɽȻǺܸߣΪԶȻ̬÷ǳãɽгƬĲԲԣҰ涷ƽϵĲʺ˼䣬ʱɼһЩĳ׺Уˮ峺̲滹ȪɽͼϼεԼԼԿ̨ͤ¥ӳϼСһòŮ˲Ըÿɴ
ּʯ̨ϣŴȻ㣬Ĭһĸоһ紵ǰ˵㷢һ󵭵㣬ƮƮƶˡ
˼ܾûгô˰ɡĽѩʵ
ǰˡ˼ͷһĬСԺúúòҡ
ǵȻԺǾɽаңɽ֡ĬЦ
⣬š˼뵽ԱߵĽѩΪ˲ãæѻϣĽѩҲӦҸˣʱһ棬Ƕְ
ĬĻаԵǣ˼ô˵ֻĽѩǳҲ˵ʲôֻװʲôûӡ
һ˸ڣң˵ĽѩЦ
˼⵹ҲǣĽѩ۹ɲͣҸպϡ
һᣬ˾͵˰ɽһȺȺģģӴȺаԷλ˳Գϱչ¥䣬麽Ӻ̻Իͣмɽ繬ζ
ʱֵĸ߷ڣǰӵοﲻӵܣǰСͿС̯ο͵̸СĽһʵ֡
ߣǽȥǩݷɡ˼
ҲȥءĽѩһ˼ֱۣȥˡ
ĬȻԴûر𰮺ãǼŮ£Ҳ͸һȥˡţһƬĹ㳡ȫʯгɣѾĥù㳡棬һĲߵ¥ܵԵƷǷΧͰĸ¥ӳг¥ĸߴ
¥棬ɼڷŸܣвοݣ¥ǰŷͭ㶦мǸ׳ߵҲһ׳вƣ˼ɻ֮С
龰ĬЩоԼص˹ŴҲֵֻطܸܵлĻĲ
ߣҲȥ˼Ĭ֣Ǵȥˡ
ʮӺ˸մȴһ۵磬Ҳ㰡
ãĬĿͶȥк˹ȻǺãֻСǣƣŻĲ˹Ѿûľ̾ˣȡ֮ǺͯɽˮʱĻڡ
ԱߵĳƣҲָ˱еɣȻǸ˵Ĵ磬˳ԸС
Ĭкãð
á
ǣźõ֣ߵĬ˵ǰȻЦСɰҲɽˣһԱߵĽѩ˼ЦλѰɡ
ǵģС˼Ĭ˼ܳԼŮѣ뵽ƵݣҲûἰ㣬С̵ͬ£Ľѩ
С̣Ľѩ㣬Сã·ˡ
˼Ľѩ֪Ĭյ飬ĸŮĳֲУ΢Цʾá
㣬˭ǸŮأЦӯӯ
æã˵ʲôأǶǸĳӦýа̵ġ
Ỵ̂ǺƯ
˼õɰСãСã㼸ˣѧ˰ɣ
ñ˱ָϲˣڶһ꼶
ļ֮󣬳Сп㵥ġԱߵ˼ϻһ˿ɫæǹ飬һЩʡ
ĬҲ߳ƣڼôᣬǵǺãҸط̸̸ɡĿͶ˼С̣ĽѩһɣҺͺ·һġ
˼ص˵ͷǺðɣһҸ绰˵ţĽѩ֣Ǳߵһ۹ȥˡ
Ůߺ󣬳ƵСȥǱ߲¥ɣиҲ
Ĭ˵ͷȻų˴һв¥
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Ȼ֪ϰı㣬ԱиİӣӭʳƵ·ˣλǣ
ƵյСǊָҪġ
һ׼ȴ¥ϴһŵˣɡϹε
Ĭûже棬ڳ˵ҪõʱͲµϹΡ
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ƴĬϹڵĲЦΣ˵СղҺðݷǡ
ϹηеĲ豭ŵ˵ã
ĬҲϹζλãòã
絹衣ùϣмһ豭ڵĬǰһˮ
涮£֪кˡϹο佱
С̣ɺˣҪͱǼˡûɫ˵ҸܴأǻװѣŰҾΣյġ
Ĭап࣬ƾϹεĴ϶õĻУ³Һ³ѵģһһͲˡ
𣿡Ϲõã˵ҪС̰л𣿡
룬ʵĿͶĬ磬ҪʲôأܸССأ֤ʲôܴӦ㡣
ĬЦãʱûʲôҪģҪСɡ
ãȥǱҺҪ̸Ϲκ
ҪһӣǶΪҲʶģʲôİ
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ЩǿǺðɣǲҡ
Сͷ˭ءϹζ¥һСϼôǱȥ档
һʮŮܿǱ˹һǣããͰȥǱɣܶġ
ţġһ͸СϼȥǱߡ
Сǽ㼸С⡣Ƶ
Ĭ˵ɣҾش𡣡
ϹЩ̵˵ش𣬾ͱʾܶԲشˡ
Ĭ֪ϹǶԼϵһЩشΪԼѾˣʱǶϹεļš
ʵģ˵ʱɷıըһҪ˺Ʊǲôһ£
Ĭ˵ͷǧȷ顣
ôܣǶ̷ǲûеðһڤ˼̬ѵΪϴģ
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˵ǶļϸЩɷˣӦòǼϸ
Ϲƺ꣬㣬ɡĿͶĬʵǾ½ɣ
ôܣÿŮ
ĬΪ½Ǻõļ̸ôһ˵ԼҲЩԻˣȻǺ½ŮǺ½ûеѲ̷˽˱ã
Ϲε㣬ڣĬأĬ½𣿡
Ĭ˼һᣬǵͷҾС
ϹΰĿͶƵϣƣܰٷ֮ٵȷǺ´Ů
Щ˼ԱߵĬӦǵİɡ˵Ȼһϸ϶ʱЩѵǽָʹģ
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Ǻã㣬ȥɣһе˽ºĬ̸
˽£ɻǰʶ𣿡
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ţģȹȥˡվǱȥˡ
Ϲһڲ裬ĿͶĵ˵Сӣּˡ
Ĭ⸱̬֮ʵЩУԼĳƺҲأ԰ĿͶ˴⣬ȥӭϹεĻ



һһʮ߻ 
ϹζĬݰǲԼɶĬ߰ģһСڣƾʲô⸱̬
㣬ǰ˵ʲôϵϹε쳣䡣
Ĭǰ׼ưԼ³ǵĹϵ˵Ϲεӡ󲢲ãԵ˵ǴӦû˺ãҲѹϵɡ
𣿡ϹȻôϲ߻ģ
Ĭпܺϲ߻飬ѷɺŵܺ½˵ˣǺ½ŮһУܹһʾ޴ĲƸһܲóĸŮĺøС
ĬĻʵڱԼľ˺ãûеõôڷ˰˵ͬˣⶼʲôвеöˣִҪԩңҲ޻˵
ˣϹߵ
ĬЦһ£أԶϵĲ豭ϸϸƷ
ǵһ̬Ⱥ˵ˣ˸ش۵ġϹ˫üĿŭʱҲ顣
Ĭ˵Ҳţһʲô˵ıҪ
ϹһʱҲҲֻаҧкޡһᣬЦСӣȻµıڣ书Ӧòµм书֣ддɡ˶٣ɽŴ⾳ôŨҪܺұսһǿνǻ㾦֮
ˡĬֻǻƤëôǵĶ֣
˶ԷֻϹθϷˣԼԼôԸȥȡùڵĺأ
δսӣϹκؼ̵Ҫ֪ҵıڣһѪġ
Ĭļ̲мһˣҸǱİȫǷǡ
ӦұڱһǾͲ鷳ǲӦǷкܴ鷳ϹμĬûãҲֻиĳвĲǷǣǾֻܴӦ
вңĬЩΪѣԼҪǲӦ˵׼Լ鷳ŮΪ˻þ棬ȻвţңҲпܶƿŵġ
ֻǹĶԸңҲ£ҪǶԸҵļ˻ѣǾ鷳ˣҪǴӦȻᱻϷŪһ澡ʧ
ҲӦʲôĬʵ
㴳ҷ͵飬Ѿ֤ݣ㲻ӦССҪҲֻܰЩ֤ݽˡϹȻԵõ˵ʲôģҲ׼ǻ᲻յʲôвţ
㱰ɡĬЩ޿ˡ
ϹЦû֦ҲҾһɵŮˣϵңĺο
ĬѪĸоŮ˾Ͳ֪ʲôֹȥƵ뷨˳嶯˼ҵĵ̣ҪǶԼ֤ܰȫ¹֮áС̡¶Լѣǿ϶Ů˵ķ񱨸ģԼΪһʱ֮죬áСĺ󻼡
ŭݣЦǲҴӦ㱣ڱ䣬Ͳ׷ϵ飬֤˺ߵˡ
ϹҡҡͷҲܱ֤⻹ÿԺı֡
Ĭҧҧеıŭ˵ǺãҴӦӭսֻһڴ򶷰ɣ
Ĭ֪ıȺԼóսԼԼԲǶ֣ǵһһԼЩʤġΪ˱Ϲ˵һЩƽľȰһ˵
ȻһһϹϣҲҪұڳսԸҪǼһϡ
Ĭ°Ծ裬Ӹ˵˴󻰣ıھúܣ䶷֣úʹ϶ӦеơԼֻѧһЩȭټʲƽ˵ȻҪ˼ϰ˱ȶȴЩԿ
Ȼҿ϶ЩһҪǺԼǹ֧еĲսΣۺǻҪԼһЩϾԼҰսЩﲻڻӡ
ֻǣԼǱȽϵ䶷ǹе
Ȼˣ˳ɡĬȻ裬ȴ£Լʲôûмֲ
´磬Ϲζ¥µ˽е
ܿ죬һʮվȻֻһ壬͵Ͱļֱȴž޴ͭɫһԲ۾żʱʱַշȷâҪ߳һľ硣
ȫ´һֲ֪װϵ˶Ьرģż׶Բǳʺߴ
ĬóǸǷʿȻСòЦЦܸǰ̵Ļᡣ
ϹμĬԼôòʵЩ⣬СӶ˽棬ұȥ˿ⲻǸɫ
뵽ᶨ˽ѵѵСӵľģҪԼôһСӶʰˣǻô£´磬С˵书磬úøұֱ֣ҰˡϹ治ɫ˵
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Ϲô˵޷Ǿ뼤ŭĬûпǷŭͶ¾ȻЩʧ
Ϲγ´ȫг쪳ۣڰңʱѧƺͰȭָԼصѰȭͰʵݱ䣬ʮļ죬Ѿﵽκһľ硣
쪳ڶʮоͺˣʮ֮󣬾ҲûһһĳֲĬƣȻã˵Сģұ֤ȫԸ
Ϲε¥ʵխһ㣬Ҿֵڣȥ¥°Ӱɡ
쪳һ֣Сֵ롣
ĬҲʩչֽţǺͳ쪳һ¥¥ǰ棬һٶƽ׵Ĵӣӵ󽻴һֵĴֱͦΣȸۼö
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Ĭ֪Ůûк⣬ҲشȻؿǰ׵ĳ쪳ۡ
쪳Ҳһ˫ĮȻؿĬʱѾĬһǿĶ֣Ĭ˫ǿհ˫ۣ
СӣӮˣǰһʹˣԺͱ֧һڵʱ䡣Ϲε
ĬаŮ˻Ƕǰû˵Ҫʲô۵ģھȻҪ֧䣬ⲻʵѡ𣿡
ûС
һ֧Ȩϸ˼ĬɲͿضעʱˣҪԼʲô͸ʲôԼˣ
ūûκ𡣡ϹνһЦģҲȥЩΥ顣
˵ʱǷƺѾȷĬˣ
ĬһҶûѡȨſĻսһҧҧӮô
һûսһ䡣Ϲ˵¶һ˿ЦݣϲĬԸĶ֣ϲķڷɫһֶǿߵС
Ĭ΢΢һЦǺãǿʼɡ쪳һ񣬡磬룡
쪳оԼͦòģֻƺԼϰϾˣȻԼ۸ôһǫְȻ꣬ԼҪϰֹʣͱðſ¡
Ĭһ񣬡Сֵ롣
ĬҲȭͷһСȻһȭ쪳ؿڻ˹ȥ
һȭٶȻһ˵ĳȭ࣬ȴȫʵ֪ԸֵʱǰҪʵģȻһ¾͸Է͸ʵǾͲˡ
쪳ȻĬȭͷһ㣬ûд⣬ɽĬȭȻ˫ʵʵһ˫֣һͷ۵糸ػĬ
ĬæӸոձܿһУ쪳˫һ׷˹ֱزҪ
쪳ʹõһУǡơеġרŹȡԷҪλ
Ĭ˶㿪һУǻûվΣȴ֪ǳ쪳ôתԼģһ۳ݡɨĬĵ̡
Ĭ֪һȵæԾӸոԾؿڵѾȻ쪳۵ץסˡ
Ĭľָ֮࣬оһɼԼӻǳ쪳ȭͷؿѱţҪ㿪ĹǼǲܣԲȥᣬҲȭͷһȭ˳쪳۵ؿڡ
أһ죬Ĭӱ쪳۵ȭͷǡûУһȭаٽأĬǾܹѵģȻضԵ
Ĭȥһȭȴ˸գΪһ˲䣬쪳ƾİԲתĬĺ档
ȻӴһĵʹĬͷȴԽоķæһ£㿪˳쪳ۺ󷽵Ϯͬʱȥɨ˺档
쪳һգȴǿ󣬶һΣ㿪ĬĽɨ䵽һ׿ĵط
ĬоԼЩ̵ζԼѪȭͷҧҧȫעעų쪳۵ÿһ
Уˡ쪳ۿɲĬ̫Ļʱһ糵Ĭ
˵Ĵ򶷣ܿǱο͵ע⣬ЩҪףϹεıڵǰ棬ЩҲ̫ܿ
˴ûмʵĴֳʱ۷׷ס
ĵӰɣôûпأ
ʲôӰأûпҿִᣡ
ʲôִأԾŴִԽִȻ
ǿ¥ǸŮģƯȵЩŮҪƯڱ
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ʹԵʹ
ӵĹը˹ϣ



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С̣ôˡò֪ʲôʱϹεԱߣӣ˵óˣò𣿡
ϹæãǲǴأǱ䣬Ƭ
䣿ƶǶص˵ͷҿӮѵǳˣ
ҲģϹЦһ£СӿԴҾԳԿͷõԴЦӯӯã㲻˰ɣӢۣȱ˴ǱŷΪʤأһ϶ᷴΪʤġ
𣿡ˣסֺʲôţ
ֺеġϹο˵ȴǰ룬ǿɶǵӣǱⰲŵģʱʵĴ򶷣СôͻȻǿ
ʱҲ¥ߣĬȫ·磬æΣǱʲôˣСôǳ´Ķ֣
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û֣ҿ˺üȭˡЩǵ
裬ģСֺأһᷴΪʤġ˵ţ˴¥µĬе磬ͣ磬Ͱ
ͳ쪳۴ķӣĬȭƣȭͷȴг쪳۵ֱۺ͸һΣʵ࣬ʵЩԡ
쪳һڴͬʱһ̽צץĬұۡĬȻ㿪ȵߴ򣬵ұȴ쪳˲סľ֮࣬һȭ˳쪳۵ؿڡ
Ȼ쪳۲ûĬ⼸λ򣬶һ˳ʽתĬ࣬ұһĬĲӡ
һ죬Ĭȭͷػ˳쪳۵ؿڣǳ쪳סĬֱۣұסĲӣ˵岢ûзֿ
Ĭȭͷջȥ쪳ѾϥȫĬĸ
ǰǿĬȻǰƵʽһȴԼģڿסֵ£ԼӲϥȥظǱȻԶش
һ˲䣬Ĭ쪳οţôܶ㿪һأֻһ죬Ĭؿڱϥǻ˸ţ˳ƺɣǰףȰ˵ϡ
ڵϵֻоȫɢһ㣬þû
쪳ҲоؿڵһʹĬղȭͷµЧвСӵȭͷѵҲһ֡
ûٹĬΪоԼؿҲһЩˣûȷĬôˣҲðȻǰ
¥ϵĺüĬ򵹣æе磬û°ɣǹĽӣİĬ׸һ㡣
ϹҲվϣЦСӣ˰ɡ̬֮Ա
䣬䣬Ҫ͡ýе
ΧҲ壺˰ɣѵ뱻ϵ
ǣʮʮɾ͵ˣһ
Ĭڵһᣬоظû̫ˣаһҧҧӵվһ仰Ҳû˵ֻ˫Ѫų쪳ۡ
˫Ѫ˿˫ۣ쪳۴˸漴ָƽСһʱƽⲻҵİԲģӦܹϵս
ĬϢһԼԼӦȭͷ׼ٴӦս
Ѱ˼һ֮ȫΪİԲ̫ˣҲĥһתʲôطתͷת򣬿սʤͱƽİԲ
⿴ԱߵǿŴһһȭѳ쪳۵ʽ˳Ȼװžµӣȥ
쪳۵ǰĬ򵹣빥ĬҲһ׷֫ɨĬƵòˡ
ѽ绹ǴӮӢ۴ӵ󣬶ø׵ġԽԽ
ҲΣǱ˰ɣСǶֵġ
ϹμĬִⲻ䣬ҲЩˣԼѵȻԹԵԼ컰СôϣҪŰأ
ס쪳ۣǼȻԼղŶ˵ˣһʧȥսǿ䣬ܶӮĬûʧȥսҲû䣬Լô˼ͣ
ڲ˵;УĬؿֱ쪳۴ȭȴֻһȭʱ˵ѾǻĬڶܳ쪳һߵʱ˳ƿ˻ıϡ
쪳۲ûʶΣһǰһĬؿڡĬ׼һת˻棬ͬʱҲٹɨ˳쪳۵̡
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ǰڳ쪳۲ƮĬж䷽ԶγԿֻһΣĬлţǳ쪳Ҫڵһʱ䷴Լͱ棬ȻѾϵ˳쪳۲ķǶԸȻˡ
׼ʱһ棬ǡðѳ쪳۵ӱסˣԴȫ˳쪳۵ӡ
ղŶǳ쪳ĬӣһαĬץסд֮࣬˫ץĬزҪλȻ˫ֻûץĬزʱ͸оһصĶʱײذ
ĬԴһʵЩݡ
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һУĬղģ³쪳۵ʽ֮֮ǶԵصĴ
ϥصػ˳쪳۵ؿڴһ죬ų쪳۰һҽУ
ĬԳ쪳۵һιڸղų쪳۶ԼǴιȴ˺ܶ࣬ΪղţԼк漴ˣ˺ܴ󹥻һΣ쪳۵ıǿŴģ޴ˣȴӲؽĬһ
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һᣬװεƹϡǰϻһʾơδοֹ뷢¹ʣοи



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ʲôأеͲĽѩصĵط֮̽ģ˵ܺأǾͽȥ̽һ°ɡ
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ԽԽˣǶ·ǲҪȥ˰ɡ
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Ǳй𣡡˼ܵץסĬֱۡ
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ƽʱǲ˵һллģ˼Աߣò˵Ȼǻ˼Դ׵ģȻϲĬȴϣ˼ΪԼìܡ
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ԭЩˣҧҧЩΪ˼УЩȡҵڼȻ֪ǵݣӦӦеķˡ
Ĭ仰æͷǵģǱȻһǻпܰĿϣҴӶԹ˵ҲӦȫġȻĬϹŹҺᣬȴЩԼ뷨Ϊ֪SѾڲ̽Լˣ˵ԼʲôʱͻᱻǵɰɱĿ꣬ҪԼ취ȹǣֻΪǵԩ꣡
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û⣬ֻҼĵԱģ֪ܲܽ⿪ַǳ롣
ĬʶһѣǸ֣˵ʶһڿͣҵʱǰһǣֻǱеߡ
һЦֻҪǸᣬǶҪŹҪٱֱ꣬ӿھˡ
˵һ飬ȻѻתƵϡµСʵ㣬С浽Ǹʲôأ
ĬʵشҰɺѡ
ѵû׳ŵȥ׷ѾŮĬĺøУ֪ŮƢҪĬʾãƺǲܵģҲֻȰĬˡ
壬ˣֻǰС浱˺ѣûǷ֮롣
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Ҳ֪ġĬһЦ壬˵飬Ͳòˡ
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¶Ȼ輸һƬæƬһܵŮӳ˫ۣǣ֣ϳ˻ϲЦݡ
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ʶˣ¶ȻЩĸʣԹݵ˵ôǰûмСҲ֪飿
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Ĭܵضһ
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ǵʱ򿴰ɣ
ϣĬڴϺ˺ܾãһһظԼ˼ԼԼİ飬ǲܵκصӰ졣



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ֻǣһƢˣЩһҪԼԼƫƫǻᣬǡƤЦⲻЦ˵ΰ磬ĻˣȾһ˵飬ҪȾƶģ˲лоƷ֪ǧ˼˵ֻҪ֪ǾȻ͸ߣ֪ǾͲһкȾƵˡ˵ţƳһۣˣԼϲˣǵȻûкȾƵˡ
㡭ΰû뵽Ĭ˵ֱӣҧҧҪŭȴҲʵԡĺĬһĬҪĬ뿪ԼҲûĻˣûΪԼӵĻˡ
зǳˬ죬æԼԱߵĹȣĬϱһ磬Ⱦƾͱȣϰɣ



һٶʮĻ ѵΰ
ΰ룬˵ô˵ǶӦø˸ˣĬȻ㲻ҺơƣͺϰɣǸһ˵߾
ĬҲöӣϱװģؾһ£Ȼŵߣĵ˵һСڡ
ΰ޴еƣСҲ̫쵰˰ɣȻϺǺȾƣǸںӣʵֳ̫ˡ룬˵棬湻ӵģûа÷ﰡ
һϣ˵ʲô°ҾֻϲԸ񡣡
ΰֱĸоԼʲôĻƺûðҲֻñˣʹһɫ˵ȻĬӣǻӦðãȾһɡ
ԼһơƣĬ˵СӣҾһϲ˲ˣҪ㲻ȣӾҪ㷭
вĬһЦǺȰɡ
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ʱѾӵ˫۳Ѫ˿һץԱߵһơƿӣҪĬȻеơƿûĳžͱĬȭͷУһη˵ϡ
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ȭͷߣĬһ㿪ͬʱֱһǰ壬ȻΰֱԼҸ£˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Ĭһǰֹ̽˳Ǳ߻˹ȥ
ΰӦԴͱĬֹӻˣһ졣
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æĬ½ǣССˣɡ
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Ĭ绰Ŀ䵽ΰϣСӣʵɣʵĸɸ磬ڣΪһһ˵ıء
ΰŸоСӲҵıڣһʱͨӥǵĵ绰˵ӵгǿĸһмıԼһѧôǸӲˣͨ˽ڣæĵӴ磬ҡ۲ʶ̩ɽҰɡ
¶ĬݣҲǰСˣŪˡ
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Ĭ֮вΰҪ״ͷϴԼѵΰıбԼ˸ѣܱ֤ÿζ˸ԼѣԱý֮ǡ
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棬¶¶ǻطԷ⼸һ浹θڡ
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ܵ¥ȥˣû˰еͽһ°ɡ
¶Ҳûа취ְĬĶ̿㣬ӵһڿ桭



һٶʮ ڿ
һůĴϣŮӵһ𣬸ţţ
˱ǿɿڵҺǹĶҲױȼˣ»쵽ĸ
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̨ϣ˵·Ŵ粻ͣذڶţƺʱб¥µĿܣҹһΣػϣ䣬ϴĳ֮У
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Լ¿ûԷ˳ֶ˴ͷ˸ղŵΡ
ԺУ˯һʱѾˣҪ𴲣¶ͨߵԼҪ̫磬Ҳûʲô¸ɣͷϣ˳ԱߵһС˳ɹ֮鷭
һӣǱ¶ĶԻ
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һҪȥͼұ飬ϲ뵽ġ¶ͻȻһͼݿ飬нС¶ϰһȥҵǱúõоһ£Աһ˽Ĭ飬ҵϰ
Ĭһ޸ĸĹ¶ĥǰ͵ڿ㣬ǾԲһģϲһĪˣ⡣
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ĬڿɳϿӣһγˣæС˵棬Ҳɡ֮˵ԷͦİôƫƫҪܵ
ŶûʲôҸϰˣ͸͸һ־ԼıȴΪֱ̫̣ĲλǰĿͶĬСұһӰɣ
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Ȼˡɫһ˿ΣĺӲˣֻæˣ
¶Ĭûؾһ㣬ôһƽ׽˵ʱ治˼ֻܾа˹ȥָʾ͵ذɦ񱳡
ֻһ˿·ָζţͷ·֮ĸֻǣڵĹϵϾЩ⣬ĴȴǴżΪ飡
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Ǿͺáû˵ǾĬָԼˬĸо
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æĿƿЦ㻹ǿȥϰɣȻʱԹҿƣؼұϰִƨɡ
ҰֲŲƨء潿ȻһЦҪҲȴ㣬ͯûеá
ͯʲôʱͯˣĬһЦڵݻЩͯתѾͷߣ
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ʮʱ¶ͼݻˣٺĬк󣬷ɿܵԼԷȻȡǱ¶ϰ鼮һо
沢ûѯ¶µ飬ΪѾ϶ǲĬôˣ͵ȥġ
棬㿴˵ˣ¶ĳǱԱƧĮŤ¶һ߷Ŀ¼һ߸ֵҿСͷЩԣúúð
ǻȼϲŮӣʱźö֢ҩ
ǿ϶ѾӦˣǿԺʹȥŮġ¶ĿͶ棬棬㵽ʱҪһȥһȥЩأ
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㿴ʱûУʱһԸɡ
壬ʱҲûСˣԼʱȥӦǺãʱ绰ҡ



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磬ĬصС
ոͣͣͶĬ˵СȥǼҳ緹ɣһ˻ؼŪ鷳
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ȻǡĬ͵Ǿãڴܻ״̬ѶӦýύһЩʱ㲻ܶǰ٣ҲڳΪǵĶ֣ҷӥǡиѣԾʶǴˡ
һֱͺڰﻮԵĽޣȻûʵύǲЩ˽ύĬô˵ȴЩǵǣվǺϵǽύѣܵʲôǣɣ
ĬôأǲһΥģֺǣ
ǰ¶⣬ûнύźıҪЩӣ¿ǵԼҵ棬ҲĬԼЩôǵͷǺãȥɣʲôҪˣ屣֤֧㡣
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ĬȻⷽûʲôرİãǸˣȻʶѧϰıҪԣҲȻȫĵͶ룬ʮӵʱ䣬ͽѧϰ״̬
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ԹԵģǸöĬõóĵطȻ࣬ϾǸˣԺóȻϲͻȻôһߵ²Щ˷ܡ
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ĬοСãģ˭͸ã綼뿪ҵģԶҵĺá
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Ҷϵ绰Ĭ˼ͨ뵽Լڵ״̬Ҳûв绰ǸΪš
Уûἰ飬Ϊã飬ҪС̸ģһ绰ž˵顣



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ڶ磬Ĭȥ̨԰һһ¶ȥȡðСëס
սҴ¶ĸپʹ¥ӭСɣ¶¶¥ϵأҪҽ𣿡
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Ϊ֪࣬ĬҲûж֣෴ĬǴòȻϲԼŮǾӦóʵؽ˵Ϊ̰ͼԼҵĲƲƭŮĸ顣
ֻǣ֪ŮһԵĺӣȻϲĬǺѸıģ˵ˣ־ĬҲȷʵǸкǺϣĬܸıԼ⣬ԼŮİ⡣
Ҳͣ²ĳ˵С֮ǰ¶¶ûжĸкΪ㣬һжԸȥı䣬ΪӦϧġ
Ĭ֪ôشֻ΢΢ͷ
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¶ķ䣬¶ڵϿӾ磬ӾƺǱ磬ϵ۾õ֤
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Ĭ̾һ˵ǺðɣȥСëǣһٹ㡣˵ţҪȥ
ոһ˲䣬¶ȴͻȻ˫رסӷĲಿؿ
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Ȼ˼ЩңǾŸرٻٻϣԵΪӣΪⲻϵ¶ΣϵŶӳԩ͹ҵ档



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ۣСءԱߵͬСæǱ˹ſʻҵĴڣеССôõĳ
˵Ұ˼ҿġĬЦҪ𣿡
У˭أ˼ϰСЦˣϾҪϰˡ
̷ŮӵǺǣСû뵽ôǮʱһҪúͣʱǱ֤ܽǰ˵û
СЦֻܽСĽأǱ༭㣬Сá
СڸʲôأȥϰࣿĽѩ
СеںܵĬأôõĳĽء
ĽѩŷŵĬæСкССϰడ֪֪ʣ̲סһ¡
ǵءĬ΢΢ЦĽѩ㣬촩Ư
ǴƯ˾ͲƯˣСŮԱߣĽѩĬ֮޼ɻ䡣
ȻƯˣֻһֱôƯҲòʱʱ
Ľѩô˵ǰĴǲƯˣ
Ҳ˼ءҡĬһʱҲʵԡ
̷ŮЦĽѩ㣬㿴Сˣ
СҲСǰһ˰ɣô仰͸Ǻסˡ
ĽѩЦЦˣ˵ˣҪȥϰˡ
ţǺáĬ룬еĽѩ㣬СһɣǣʱҸط棡
õģʱ
ĬڼʻﾲһᣬȻͷȥˡ
һڵ齨ŵļѾˣСܹˣ鳤ԭŵһԱȻаĺڿͼһ㣬Ǳ̲ڹ˾СԱҲȽϷ
ԱУǰĵԱԱǺˣСٽϣԱĳȺ;飬˵ļʹ⣬һȽϺˡ
ĬϤһٰU̵ϽǵģڿٻٻѾµԼ¼ϵԼͱ뾡̽ϵĻܣǰU̽ǣǾеϡ
Ȼ̨ʣڲͬʱû͸¶ԴͱصǲֱӰϢ䵽ϡ
磬ŵʳ˵㷹Ȼ°칫Աߵݣר־ؿ˸鼮
֪͵ˣĬһ̾ʱûǿ죬Ҹȥ˼ˡ



һʮ 
ûȥֱͣ˳⳵׼С̺ú棬㡣
ڱſվ˼ӣ˼ĽѩһˣŮ̸ʲôɫЩȻȻ顣
ĬæӭȥЦЦ˼Ľѩ㣬ȥ氡
ҸٵĵطɣҸ㶫Ľѩ
Ĭ֪ĽѩҪԼΰͨѶ¼æͷȥն·ɣȳԷȻһ¡
Ӻ˾⳵˻ն·ѡ˳Ի˼Ļ˵żһܹͨθ𵽵ڷڵЧ
һСϺܿĬһƬŵ֮ĿͶĽѩĽѩ㣬ϴæΰôˣ
ܼǵʹ绰ĽѩæһΰĽѩǰȫֵˣҪһ˵ٺ͵ϸɵİ취عȥ˵ͨѶ¼ΰʲô仰һ㡣
¼Ľѩ˵ţݹһMP4涼Ըݡ
ĬӹMP4ڶһᣬȷʵΰͷӥԸԼͨ΢΢һЦЩ֤ݣұ֤ΰܵˡ
˼ɻĬСҪ¼֣
ĬЦЦʱæҼǼ쵰֮ĽѩҰ¼ȥɡһƬ˼С£ͲõˣĽѩ㣬Ҳˡ
극ȥ̳һӵĽ֣ĽѩŵҲûȥˣǻȥʱСһЩ
ĬͷģǼСƦӣ̫вġ
Ľѩߺ˼Сȥɡ
Ĭ˿ʱ䣬žŵ룬ЦЦ·ȥɣø鷳ĺûᡣ
˼֪Ĭ׼˵ˣҲ·̣ɢʮӾ߻ؼңǵͷǺðɡ
ţȻһЩĬǣ˼֣ؼҵķȥˡ
Сǰһ·Ȼвˣתһ·֮ΧҵСԵЩˣرʮԺ󣬸ѵÿһӰ
ҹɫУ·ǹĵƹԵΪǣ֣·ϣӰԱĵƹʱʱ̣ɫʡ
Я֣֮ϣǼҸ鰡ĬĬĬ˼һۣЩεþûôˣ治ϣЩӬɧǡ
˼Ĭ˼ЦЦûʲôԺǡ˵ɣȴǰѾһݳеҲ֪Ժûлˡ
֪أߵǰ棬ر󣬹·ߵ·ƸͲܣΧ϶СԵ쳣Ƨ
ϴΰСƦɧ˼ĵطϴ磬ϣȻεΣϵĬţƾΰϤһ˵ԼҾϡ
Ϊȷ˼İȫ·һ⳵˼˵˼Ȼȥһͻ
˼æˣһȥɡ
ĬЦûʲôģӦһҸ绰˵ţͰ˼˳⳵
ʵ˼ߣϷݵø棬ǶԷվһСƦӣС̺Լһܵ˺ĿܵģʵڲԸðա
⳵ߺĬװµӣȥˡ
ߵǹսǴĵطŵͻȻĸ׳ӣٰĬΧм䡣΢ҹɫĬܹĸ˵ӣ϶źڲ˵һװϣԵúǿ࣬жһһ߶೤ļ⵶Զƹ£ӳѩĹâһһߵģһںĶȻһǹһһӣǳֿȭƺǸ䶷֡
ȻƱĬǰЩ˵˺ܶ࣬Ƕڷӥ˵ѾǲˣϾһ˶ܳ⵶ǹġ
ĬƸͿۣװЩ㵵ӣǸʲôǸֵվ˳Ĭ
ӲûдĬ˵ģ׼һõź򣬵ΰĿһһŮֻĬһӳ֣ЩǲĿҲȷһˡ
ĬǵģҽĬҪʲô
Χ˶˶ɫһϡ
ü⵶ԣʱ⵶ĬĬ˵ĳ֪ǽ֣ҲҴ⣬һ˿ȥͬʱֿץһӵ
ΰ˵ĬǸ񶷺֣ڴ̹ʱҲ׼Ĭץʱ͵һת󣬼⵶Ȼ»ȥȻĬĴȡ
ֻǣĬĶʵ̫һ㣬Ӽ⵶»ͬʱѾһתε棬Ȼ̧ȣֱۡ
ӵ͵·ȥĬϷߵģٶ磬ȻܶĬߴǡñ˸ţһ𣬼⵶ˤԱ׵ĵطһ졣
ʱһӵļ⵶Ҳ˹Ĭһ˶㿪ӾȻǡǼ⵶ǰ˳ǰץһס˵ӣȻһվղʰļ⵶һյӷ˹ȥ
ǿӼĬһǹ˵ͬʱҲ뻳Уһǹ
һ񶷺֣ҪֿȭĬһµģĬôͶһѵҲðȻǰֻǹæˡ
顭һԱӵһʱ۶ǹһǹû䵽ݵԾĬǲһԼͬ䵽ˡ
ʱղźҲǹ׼Ĭ׼ʱĬеļ⵶ȴǷ˹
Ǽ⵶ȥһ⣬мСɵķɣֻѵСɵһͺš
ӹ˲æȻǿ㿪˷ɵûлĬѾߣһȭĸ
ӸܻӶʱɣ˫ǱܵĬ׼ʱһץסֱۣʹضеǹ
ӾܲסĬһȭǿһ˵ϣ˻ûзӦ֮ǰĬһǰһסӵĲӣǹָӵ̫Ѩ
ȻұĬȵ
ŻҪǰĬǼĬУκζ
еĬȻ󣬵ȴ˲
ǹָŵ߳ȵ¡ûСŭмżԼĸСӵ鷳û˵һëôƷǶˡ
аΰǸ쵰ȻԸôˣڲܵõʮǮ䵽СӵУĵù
Ȼ뷴ǸղżʶĬڴֱĬǹָסˣҲֻЭе˵ϡ
˵ʲôͷĬ֪ʡ
Ȱ㻹ǿſңǿǷӥģҪҶһëԲ˶ߡЮƵȻЩη壬ȻвĬ
ӥǶηĺڰ֯СӷǳҲ׵ӥģԼڱݣҲ˺Լ
ĬЦԭǷӥֵܰǴˮ嵽
Юֵԣæ˵ҲǷӥģг˼˷ܣԼ䵽˶ԷУҪǶԷҲǷӥˣͲΪѼˡ
ֻǣǰԼСӵòǵ÷ӥô˰ѵ¼ģ
ĬɿӣЦҵȻǷӥֵˣǵҸǡ
ǽǵֵܣӸ˷ˣӵվĿĬϣԭǽǵֵܰĴˣԲ𣬶Բ𡭡
ʱĬָмĬղǼУѾ֤һ֣֪Լ鷳£ȴû˺Լˣ˵һ嶯ˣһıˡмԭ͸ˣԼҪϵ˼ң˼ȴûԼһëǶԼʴˣԼһֶ顣



һʮĻ һ
ĬװЩŭӣģǵĸģΪʲôҪ鷳
ЩϴһѣǮ鷳ǰĲ֪ԼˣҪ֪Բ鷳
˵ʲôˣĬŭ
ӾΧһۣ˵ֵܣط˵ɣǳӾǱߡ
Ĭ֪⼸˶ԼѾûжвˣǵ˵ͷǺðɣǽøһ
֪ڱǱǿƣһԼԼܽһѵΰ
˰ĬһεŶպһͣһϳղǱĬЮֵӾȡϵɲҽܵͺյֵë־ǿǰ⣬Ƹߣ
ë־ǿܵʱĬ΢΢һë־ǿʮңַ۾һܾɵӣԵЩ׺ᣬһ֪ǻرֱϵķӥΪۡ
򱪸Ǵˣë־ǿͺµĵһ񶷣ڷӥܹǰʮҲͺտصֵܣڷӥҲС
Ĭʵë磬ǣ鷳ǲǶлϰΰ
ë־ǿ΢΢һ£ͷʶǴ磬ЩǮǴ磬ȻǴ鷳ˡȻΰ˵ǼȻ˼ҶµˣԼҲûıҪˡ
ȻĬһЦë磬ǸϴǮ
ë־ǿʵʮϴӦöʮָǡ
ģҵֵͦǮġĬа룬ΰôǮȻǲܺƴˣҲֻһˡ
ʱë־ǿʵĬ͵絽ʲôϵڷӥôãҲû˵Ĭôһֵܣ׼ԸĬ֮ǰҲĵϸֻǸС˾ôʲôأ
Ĭȡֻͨ˵ĵ绰磬Ƿӥǲиֵܽë־ǿ
æУСʲô𣿡
ûʲôںһأлѯ㡣Ĭ˵ţͰֻݸë־ǿ
ë־ǿû뵽Ĭһ֣ԼֻȷһݣֱӴ绰ˣԼô͵˵ȻΣǽ˵绰Ǹ磬ǲ˼ǡǰ֪Сֵܣ鷳
绰ͷĽǵЩŭˣ٣Ҳ֪ûжСô
ë־ǿµ˵ƾСĶأС˲С˹Ȼ͸ϵˡ
ǵĻаĬǿƣͺյƽʱǰԵû뵽쾹ȻĬķڷСȷʵ֡
ǵͻȻֵĸоë־ǿͺĵһĬֻԼʶһֵܣë־ǿĬⲻʾԼҪͺǿûˣǺҵǸûãҪǸͺСǸɣҵֵ˵͵˵
ë־ǿ˵绰ЩηؿĬһֵۣܣǷӥֵܰε飬ǸᣬһȥǴ˵ˡ
֪߲֡Ĭ룬˵ë磬ҵ˼ǣΰȽϹ֣ܲܰҽѵһ
ë־ǿһᣬЩΪѵ⻹ϴ˵㣬ΰҲϴѣҪ²ðɡ
ĬʵʵϴԸ𣿡
ë־ǿ룬ҡͷҾԲ󡣡
Ĭ˰ɡ
ë־ǿʣˣֵܣΰʲôìأҲûи˵ڵ˶أǮͰ£ǲ˼ҽԹԭģë־ǿ˶أʼն֪ΰĬʲôìܡ
ǼһȫǸ쵰ϲӵŮˣҵŮ˲ε鷳˵ĬݺҧߣһҪСӾ͵ưɡ
ģԭǻ쵰ʧȰİˡҪҪĻǱ֤ȥǻ쵰һ١
ë־ǿҲԼжĲӦãЩΣǵֵܣɣȥҹֳһ棬ͣǶ񡣡
ĬҲͷǺãǽʵ⼸ˣͺúȥɡ
ϣĬֳһҹȻЩ˵ԸްΪ˴ﵽԼĿģǾ٩һͨԺܿϤ
ȻĬȡϴεľ飬ٺ޽ƵغȾˣþܾʱ;ܾںȾ֮ǰơƵʣԷϴεٴη
ڶ磬ĬŻصУ˼ϵʱʵӦ
С㣬ʲôɡ˼Щǵҿô˰ɣΰ֪ӥ϶鷳ˡ
Ĭµ˵˼ûʲôˣֻΰȡһ½ѵˣԸǣȥ׼ܸÿ԰ɡ
˼Ҳ˼Ĭۣ˵ˣҲΰܹ֣ǵͷţŪͿˡ
磬ĬԷ˼ԣֻȴͻȻһһİĵ绰룬ʾǽʡԭеģɻ˭أѵ³ɣ
ιСõ裿ǳƵһ˿
Ĭʵǣ㣬ôˣ
ҸѪȷʵɷŮǵڿ㿪ʼĲ²ȫȷģ½Ҫð˵ڸô죿
ĬϹ𣿡
ʱûи׼һ
Ĭ룬˵Ѿѧ˰ɣȰ͵Ϲȥɣãȥá
ǺãҪȥ۶棬Ͱ͹ȥƳһᣬ˵Сܲܰң
ܰľæĬڵǳ֮࣬뵽ǿɰЦݣԼеĸо;Լȥĸ
һ޷ˣȻϹΣתƵƺͺϣ෴ĸŮкøС
Ǻðɣܲܳʱ䵽ԭһˣʱǺú̸һ̸ε
ĬǺãҳʱһˣеҪæʱ鲻ʱ䡣
ûϵģ½ɻҵҲҵĻ֪ʱӦòô
ĬҶϵ绰˼ͶʵĿ⣬Сʲôˣ
ĬʵǴϺȵСŮЩΣգĸҰҪ˼ϸ˵飬ֻë־ǿġ
Ĭ绰ιë簡ʲô𣿡
Сڹ֡ë־ǿЩǵֿıˣǴְ֤ܲ
Ĭ¶һ˿ЦݣЩһﷸµ֤ݣĽѩȥģЩ˱ֵץҲһֵ顣װŲʵʲôıˣʲô֤
Ҫ˺顣ë־ǿ㵽֤һ£ǲ˺㣬ȻǾûˡ
Ĭ˼һᣬͷǺðɣĸھ͹
鷳ˡë־ǿĬӦ֤м˷Ǹм
ӵʱĬ˻֣ΪϴŷֲϮ飬ֵ˶ϵĬµ˾֮Ե÷ǳĿ
⵽ô£֪ΪʲôҪı˺𣿡һ꾯ʵ
Ĭܼ򵥣ΰϲŮѣȻŮȴѡң뱨ҡ
꾯˵ͷʵǵûж˺
Ĭʵ˵ȷʵҵңҵһǵѣǲûж˺
꾯ʵ㿴ô
Ĭа룬ЩҲǵģϴζôֶ˿Ӱ컹ǲһ㡣һᣬ˵ҾΰӦôһ£ë־ǿǣûж˺òŴ
ǺãǻĶԼ˵̬ۺϿǵģллΪṩ֤ݣ
ã־͸յĴ鲢ûغ˶ΰʮ¾ë־ǿǸ˾洦
ë־ǿ˶ǳ⣬ճ֣мСˣ治֪ôл㡣
ǿԼҪȥȺĬĬǳ𣬷Լ˵Լ˶ǴĵмĬ
ǷŭģΰȻҰǹ̫ǵûеˡ
ԭǰ֪ë־ǿ˲飬ֻͨĽѩͨ¼ΰץ˹֣ΰΪͰë־ǿĵ˹˳
ȻЩǾֵĳͣںϻˣǽһ塯֣ΰ˵Ѽ˹˳ȻǷǳѻ𣬷Ҫΰ
ҲŭģӷǱ𲻿ɣһǳС
ƸߵǣС̾ںҸŪɲзϡ
ë־ǿ黹ÿϴ˼Сȷʵ̫ˣǷǳɡ
ĬаЦԼн赶ɱ˵İ취ǲܹΰܿͷԼġ
ΰʮ죬Ҫë־ǿ鷳ҲӦˡ
ϣë־ǿΪ˸мĬİһȥֳǣĬѾϰӦ꣬Ҳûоܾ˵ĺ⡣
ɣѵͺոһһۡĬ
ë־ǿæȻˣǸոеɡ
Ĭ˵ͷó绰ͨ˵ͱĵ绰
ߵӵʱ򣬴һ㼯¥һͺǸʮҵӣòݣϵŤëӻеͺա
ͺյĴȻһ㣬ȴеͷԣΪĺʮĺڵƴ쵽λҲȻ顣
Ǹˣ֪Ĭ󣬾СӺܽǽǵֵܻȻܸӣһ䣬Ĭֵ֣ܣζлˣȻҺֵж鷳
Һ͵ֵܣ͵ҲֵܣҶֵܣÿġĬЦЦո粻ԺҾͽһˣ
ǵȻԺֵܡͺ֪ĬСܺСӸùϵԼԺҲضвٺô
Ӻ󣬼ơ¶ǣҸϤˣĬžƵĻᣬͺյմ磬ΰô
ͺæС̫ˣԺǺúýѵһ٣ȱ첲ȵٲ˵ģҲΪ
Ĭ֪ͺղ˵˵ǳơһ£ո仰ֵҾͷˡ



һʮ Сõﻰ
ʮʱĬŻصСʱûû˯һɳϿӡ
üĬԵú˷ܣŵĬǹŨҵľʱЩˣ磬ôֺȾ˰Ⱦġ
ĬЦЦûʲôͺһ㡣
ߣ´ٺȣҺûꡣŬŬ죬ʵϳԵʲôҪٳԵ𣿡
ˣȥϴ衣Ĭ˵ţԡȥˡ
Ҳصɳϣ˵
ʮӺĬϴõԱߣСãôأ
¶¶ؼˣҲûʲôڼ￴òؿĬһۣ磬춼ȥС𣿡
Ĭ֪ö˼ЩƫæСãʵСΪ˺ܺõģȥҸɣʶʶ
ǺðɡҲС̣˵¶¶Ҳأһȥɡ
Ĭ¶˼һˣͷǺãȹȥ
óĬһᣬʵ磬ҪʲôʱϼҰȥˡ
ĬҲȥõϼҿڵĺܶ࣬ȫͽŸոеͷִӦ˰õ飬¶¶С̵ĸףһЩƣܹʱȥĬ˵ϼҰ֪úܾûлϼˣҵǼȵģڵһʱȥзǳھΣСãȽæٵһʱɡ
Щʧ˵֪ҪΪ㿪¶¶㶼˵ˣҪһȥϼġ
ĬģһЩҴҰЩ鴦ˣȥɡ
ðɡûǺĹģ˵˵ˣһпգǾͻϼȥ档
Ĭ˿ʱ䣬쵽ʮһˣСãˣ˯ɡ
ЦЦ磬иССҪ󣬲֪𲻴Ӧ
Ĭ΢΢һЦ˵ɣʲôҪأ
ǽɳ˯ɣҲ˵һ˵ﻰЩСƺмֺߡ
ðɣɳխġĬʵЩΪѣɳչʽɳ˯ʵЩխˣ˵ˣöʮˣԼȻ磬ȴǸӣ˯һʲô
ûʲô˯µġ˵ţɵɳϣװ˯ӡ
ˣط˯ٺ֣Ҫƨ
˭˼˵أĿ컨壬ɫһ˿˸У磬ǵҰոչʱΪϺ£㶼Ǳ˯ģڣܰþöûгֹˡ
Ĭأ̾ϢǰҪľҵĹػæӰ˵飬Щ˶ĹػĬĽСöҵ⡣
ֻǣһ˯ɳҪʵڲ˼ӦĬһᣬŵɣȥԷ˵˵ﻰ
ò죬㱧ҽȥڱǰضˣҲ֪ܱܲ
ǣôܱ㡣Ĭվһֻ§õıһֻ§ĴȣɵؾͰϻֵСѾͷǰ˲ٰ
ֻһ̿˯£§ȵܹ׵ĸǴȵ¶ȺŮĴĬȻĶ
ϳҸ΢ЦһֻСĬıͷЦߣ˵ҷʰ˼Ҳžʮأ
Ĭֲ˵ģղԼ˵İܱܲأ
ܰɰĬͻȻĪ뷨СվҪģ˾Ҫˣһ᲻Ͷ뵽˵Ļأ
ֻǣҲǱȻ飬ϾŮңֻҵĹҸ
õԷὫŵϣȻߣ˵Сã˵ʲô
磬Ҳɣкöö໰˵ء˫ĿεĬʵԾܾ
Ĭ̾һѵЬɵ˴ϣõӲʮ׵ľ롣
磬תл㡣ôԼ֮Щ˵磬㵽ô°ҪС̺ãֺ¶¶ֹϵѵֻ̤
Ĭ΢΢һæǽֻ̤أϲС̵ģ¶¶Һ˵㳤ˣͻˡ
ðĬһۣҶʮˣ㳤󰡣ҿԼ飬Ұʵ˵
Ĭа룬ȷʵ飬ҰҺС̵˵ΪˡǿЦЦ˵ʵҶк⣬ֲ˺κһԾγ־ˡ
Ŷñ˵Լϻһ˿˸еɫ֪ҲΪѣҲûаԼ뷨˵ˡĬһᣬתƻ磬쿼иұף˵ϲң˵Ҹô찡
ĬæڿѧϰĴʱ⣬Ӧ̸˵ģ´ٺ飬ȷľܾ
ҵʱ;ܾûһתֻǣȴЩ
Ĭæܶ԰ʲôɺڵġ
ʵҺ롭Щ˼˵Һһζġ
ǸأӦȥЩ顣ĬĽ͵ѧˣͿˣټһɡ
šϻһ˿ìܵɫЩγ󣬵Щ³󣬳ܸɺܶɵˣԼڸߣԼ˵ﻰ
磬˵öԣҲӦȥģ˴ѧҲȥ̸
ĬѧɷӵĿռ䣬ʱɣõģҲһԵġ
ٺҲá˵ͻȻĬƣ漴Ϸ§Ĭϣ磬ҾԺ󶼲̸ˣҪһֱߡ
ĬõСӣЦЦôУŮӳ˶Ҫ˵ġ
Ҿǲлһ˿ȻδɩɩҪң˵лЩ˸У¶¶ǿ϶ҪҵģҪǸС̺ˣ
Ĭвһ£СúĸȻԸԶҵˣһᵢ°ḧһֻҪԸ⣬Զ߶УԶܵˡ
⻹࣬һ˵ţ̽촽ӡĬϡ
ĬûüƷζǣþͰ˻ȥЩߺ죬ϸ磬ҶôˣǲӦýһ
Ĭһ§õļȻ˫ӡõĶͷϢŮеķ㣬Ƣ˻ǣ촽ͷļӴ˿˿شӴ㴫ݹȫ
ر˫ۣ΢΢̣ϳҸɫʡŸů˫ĲиС¹Ҫĳȫ̱һƮƮȻĸо
ǹ˵磬˯ɣϲ㱧ҵĸоָоĺУ
ĬʵڲľܾµСҪһְĽ§øˡ
˵ӣ಻߰׵ľ룬໥ܹ֮ŵԷζܹоԷϢⲻĿռĶҵš
ҹܰҸ
Ҳ֪˶ã˯ˣԺУĬõְ裬ǲҪ뿪ҡҪ뿪ҡ
Ĭǵĺ˺ѷεʹ
ҹˣһƬ¹͸϶ڵذϣ˲Ǵǰ¹ʫƪ
΢¹⣬Ĭܹõò˫Ŀżһ£ϸϸĺССıǼϣӳλõĹ·лڵһ㡣
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ҿĺãҶµĺãܸҸһظġ
ֹһᣬ˵λ磬Ҫ뿪ҰĲܹκá
ĬĿһ§øˣСãԶ뿪㣬Զߵģ
еƺо˸˼ɫתΪҸ磬ҵĺø磬Ⱳֻϲ㡭
ĬԣҲ¶һҸЦݡ



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ڶ磬Ĭӵĵ绰Сڼ𣿡
أҪȥ𣿡Ĭʵ
ȥл˵ܳ𣿡
ĬɻѾͷʲôأѵҲҪ̸ģǺðɣϾ͹ڼҰɡ
ţſڵ㡣
Ĭ˵绰кһͳӣ⣬ͼһϣĬ֣˵СҸĵط˵ɣлҪ㡣˵Ĭ
Ĭ˵ͷ粢żǱľСȥˡȻŵӣյȴ쳣͸ּ·ϣ߰ߵѩλá
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Ĭ֪¶ĸܺã飬¶¶һлﻵģҲӦõ顣˵ͷ˵֪ǶҵΡ
һָӵĬڴô죿
Ĭ˼һᣬ˵¶¶Ը⣬ȻѡŮѡ
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ص˵ͷǽ绹Ҫȥ𣿡
ĬͷҪȥСҲҪȥȥ𣿡
룬˵ҴӦ¶¶ȥģȻӦŵԡĬһᣬֵСһ⣬ܲʵشҡ
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һôˣΪʲôǰҪԼֻСӹǴѪô°
гѾãʵЩĬһ˲ţԼ֮ãֵģĬѪͻȻϺǰԸ仯ǰ̬Ͷ϶͸¶ʵԱϺȫ¶͸һǿƵϢҲԼǰĸԭ
ȻڵͱĬϢסˣԼ¶¶۹⣬Ÿ׵۹⣬Ȼ׶˵ȷʵǸˣıҲûΧʧ
ʱл룬Ĭǰ֮һֱңǲΪ˱Լַ뷨ҪԼ⣬ôԼֳĺøڲأ
ĺ⣬˵»һ˿ϣڲʳ⡣
Ĭ룬˵棬ʱ㡣
Ŷɫһ˿ʧаѰ˼ţСʲôԭԸңѵʼϲңϲˣԲ˼ᡣ
һᣬֵСڰҵ˺𣿡
ĬæȻǺˡ
ԺԼʱ򣬱˵ʲô˾ˣ˵ҺѰɡ
ĬһЦǰҸոճΪ˾ʱǲͣǿǵ͹ϵھȻҪжϵˣŮ˰仯ǿ죬Ů˸ĥ˵ͷţԺǶǺˡ
˵ˣҪҶԲ¶¶ѻ鷳ġ
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ǾͺáǱߵǧ˵ȥǧܲƣ
ĬЦû⣬߰ɡ
ǧԱߣǷ棬˫סߵӣˣʼɡĬվǧĺ棬£ӵһÿ浴ĻСһЩ΢΢
һᵴǧǹһСɣȥг
ĬþûгˣЩԴ˻ǣǵͷðûгġ
ǽУȥƳ˵ţʹŻĲӽӡ
һᣬƳһŮʽгһǳɫıгߵУͶصֲԵù죬ϻŸ־Ʒһ֪۸񲻷ơ
ֻһĬʵ
ȻһˡЦЦɣ档
ĬЩԥܸоԼĹϵԽԽˣ°ϲѰ˼ֹϵԭΪ˸мҶľ֮Ϊ¶¶ҵĹϵҵĺأֻĹϵչȥ᲻ᰡ
Ҳ˼ܾ棬ϾԼĹԼĺѣЦЦǺðɣҵĳһģʱ˳ǿɲܹҡ
ϴ㿪ʱҲ˵һ㣬ôáָָųˣ
Ϥһ³ĬҲԥﵽгϣڴİϤȦȻ󽫳ͣߣ˵ˣɡ
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գˬͬʱоȻйĪί鲻Խأ§Ĭ˫ָˣҲ˳Ĭıϡ
˫峺Ĵ۾ǲѾˮ۽Ǵ۳Ϊδ飬Ө͸ڷš
ԽԽشϻӵˮȴȾĬĳϡ
Ĭоо˱ĳ±ʲôʪˣ֪ǲǺˮƺˮвɻôˣѵʲôĵ飿
СҪԺ¶¶ˣԸԸﳵҰͻȻЩ졣
ĬЦȻˣǺѰУоԼϲǼȻ治ԸͱĤõĴװʲô֪ˡ
תſڵʱǡµ濪˽£Ҳÿﳵ̬֮
гһ˲䣬Ĭ˼ضԳЦЦ壬ˣ
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緹Ĭ㿪̨԰ȥˣڳϵģú棬Ҫһȥ¶ȻȥĬļ档
¶¶Ͼ͹ˣ׼һ°ɣһᵽſֱϳոϳ͸¶˸绰ȥ
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Ĭ뵽ٻٻ飬¶棬ÿԲ̽һ飬ǵǺðɣһ졣
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ĬСëٻٻйɣ˶֡
¶ͷǺðǴ绰ɡںСٻٻѾϤˣȻԸһ档
죬СëٻٻǡϢĬһ绰ȥ˲һ͹ˡСëǸʵӣٻٻȻƽ͸һ˿
治٣Сã棬Ůٻٻú沢ûмٻٻ棬Сëһ໥ٻٻССã¶¶Ľ档
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¶ȥҰɣԶ齫
ڽԱߣʮƽףڷŵֻԶ齫ʩ豸£Ȼûоʹá
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ĬСã氡٣ʵǿԵġ
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¶ɣôءﲢû򳡣ڲĵӣȥʵЩȡ
ĬЦЦûʲôǾϰһͶ
Ц磬㻹򰡣ǰûмء
أԼȥá¶֪ĬʵݣʶһǺúȥϰϰһСкܶ˴ģʱǿȥдд谡
СëҲģǵǺãҺСȥѧһѧ˵ţͺĬһȥ˽
ȥһС򳡣򳡵һһŴԱߣǡð̫ڵסˣҲ̫ȡ
Ĭûϳ򣬶ǽСëһԱߵһųϣСëһ¡
Сë˵ͷֵܣʲô˵
Ĭֱ⣺ٻٻչõôˣ
Сë˼ЦЦ㲻ɣ϶ˡ
Ĭһ˵ô˵Ƕ氮ˡ
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˵绰ĬܿصϣСëϰأͶƺ׼ģƺֲóæеСëһͶɡ
СëЦҲŲأ
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СëǺãһԳšȻһ㣬Գŵɲͣõ֤
Ĭվߣӹ׼ͶȥȻǸմ²е겻ˣ˰
СҲ̫ˣȦûŮ֪ʲôʱǱ˹ǡÿĬı֣¶ֻؽ
Ĭͷȥ˼ؿ˿ŮЦЦϴδ⣬α֤ˡȥʰһᣬӴ˳ȥһ죬ȻӲػȦϱߵϣȻֵ˻ȻûȦ
¶ЦͶˮƽеû˿
ٻٻ¶˻ĵЦݣ˫֣е磬Ͱһ֤Ȧ
ĬЩЦãԼǰҲ㲿ˣھȻȦˣúúϰһ£



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СëЦҲ
ӹһּѿưͶ˳ȥȦϵ£ȻȦСë˷۹ҽˣһ㡣
ͶһΣȴûн򣬰ӸĬЦ
Ĭֽӹ׼ȦͶ˳ȥȻȦȻ°ҪָָУ治һʱ顣
һΣĬ˺һᣬŰ˳ȥȦתһȦ䵽Ȧ棬а˷ܣڽˣȻСëСƵġ
ˣˡ¶ĬԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
Ҳ֣ͣ磬ٽһ
ܿʮͶˣСëĸĬȴֻĬòſϣԳš
ҲҪ¶վϣеСͶ
ĬӸ¶ЦЦҲ򰡣
Ȼˣǰ油Աء¶Ե쳣˷ܣӹ˫˳ȥֻ·Ȼ
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Цˣˣһ㶼ᡣ
Ҳһ㶼ᣬǽҰ˵ţӳվϣ¶ָͶ
ŮôģĬҲͳŮͯˣȻҲһͶȤǿ¶£ȴǸӿ
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Ĭ˹ȥ¶ҸЦݡ
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ͨôġ¹Цֻµģһɡ
ԱӼ¶涼ǶŮҲòʱǣһ棡
ҶֻͶ¶ѯʵĿͶĬССëһɣð˸ˡ
ĬþûлˣЩģڶȫˣҪһǿ϶ᶪģɲôСŮǰ
¶¶ǻȥǱɡĬָָǱǸ򳡡
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¶һЦڵأĬôġ
Ĭ¶ôԼʵЩΣԼڶ¶¶˷֮ˣԼѣҲȻ顣
ѣ¹ɫһ˿ޣȻѣǾ͸ӦһˣȻҵס
ĬСӵͼаС˵Ƿ飬Ҳ棬ôϵ¶¶ˣ
¶¹һȻϵˣεĿͶĬСɣ㲻ҲûйϵǺ档
СëСǾɣҺ⼸ģǴúܺãǿѧϰѧϰ
СëסСƽʱĵʱҲĽȻܲǿ׳ȴǺܺãں⼸һʱ򣬸̵ӡ
Ҳ磬һɣǸ
Χ˶ô˵Ĭ˼ѣǵǾһɡа룬ҵʼһܻᶪǶһӣָ֤ܹУʱҲẦǡ
ţǺá¹ɣѡ˺һ𡣡ǸߵӣһɣôᣬôǴ򡣡
ǽ׳¹ͼԼ˶ߣԷСǴߵģ¹˷ָǣⲻ򶼴򲻽ȻЩԸΪ˰¹ҲʹӦ˺Ĭһ
˫ݾôȷˣ˵Ĭһߵ˲Կһװ˰ˣȻԵЩҲǸߺ֣һװߣȳ۳Ȼܵõǿǰ棻Сëһ߰ˣҲ쳣ǿ׳ǸķغĬȻֻһ壬˫Ҳ¡˲ټ⣬Ҳ
¹Ǳߣзһһװ˵ָӣмְķɣǰҲһװңҲܵõĵˣǳ¹һһӣ˵Ķ˽Уƺ̺ǿı
ЩǻǼһͷɣԳš¹ĬС˵أ
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Ǻá¹ЦɣǴʮ֣ÿһʮԳţƽҲ˵򣬾ŸԳţ˰˸򣬾ʮĸԳš
ֵĬߵæУʵҪһˣ𰡣
¹Цûʲôģȴ֮»Ǿˡ
ĬСӵ˼ԼһҪԼһֱ䣬ʱԳıȻԼСëҲԼСëвС쵰ΪǺ۸ģһǡ뵽ǵͷǺðɣͰ˵Ĺء
¹ĬӦ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǿ˵ˣʮ֣˭;˳Ǿڹ˵
СëЦ¹İǴſ°ҺСġ
¶ҲǵǰͲ棬ʱٸԳŰ
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¹Ĭ˵ȷɡӿǰЦСӣúô򰡣Ǵ仨ˮ֮Ա˵ܵͣûбĬ
ĬװûӣֻһЦȻͰ򷢸СëСëס򣬾õһɽ󣬸æӸֻǣʵ̫ˣֱӵԷԱС
ԷԱԥһʱ佫򴫸ĳ¹¹ӵѸ˵߸Ȼǰ˼ͻȻһһڵһ˽ʱǵ̷ǡʱϵһн
һ죬ԹԵ䵽Ȧ棬һ
áԱߵ¶к򣬵뵽ĬĶ֣ӲȥǸĿڵСͣ͡
Ҳе磬ͣһ
¹¶õ°Լ̣ƾСӣҲǵĶӿУӵ
ǰ볡Կı߽˻Եڶνɳ¹߷𣬳¹߽򴫸һ֣־֣־򴫸ߵĴз棬зһǿٴ䵽Ȧ
һֵĽУԷСǰ̷һͶĬǡ壬Ȼ󴫵СëСëߺ󣬰ش߸ĬĬæڴµ񣬽ЩСˣȻͻȻðĶֽ
ԷٰתƵ棬䵽ұߵ׽ǵĳ¹¹Ͷ򻮹һĻߣԹԵ䵽Ȧ棬һö

һֽУ¹򴫸֣־ѸܵߵߡĬղΪʧó¹һõķᣬڰûڣڼ¹룬ȻɵĽᣬѸٵظ˹ȥ
ĬĽŲɲʼնεڳ¹ߣ¹ȷʵǸ֣ܶһ£Ȼ͵һڲ࣬Ӷ㵽˶ԷǴӵĺ棬ĬҪϣзȻһȻӿ˳¹ԷĴзлŧ©˳
ĬȥҲֻз˶Էзлŧ
ʱ¹ӵ˺תҲһͶԾķǣһĻߣԹԵ䵽Ȧ
򡭡ԷԱ
¹Ҳ¶һЦݣʲôأû˷أ
Сӣô˵ģĬе©ˡ
Ĭȥس¹ģΪҪ˷أԼûиȥñ˽ԼûԼȻѻ𣬴˿ͷͶȥģԼ̫á
٣˵ҷãҪ©ˣҪ㲹𣿡ҲԵ÷ǳŭСӲҲͰˣȻôʵ˷ŭ
ˣˣһڶ¹Ц˼ǳѧߣ㲻Ҫ˼Ҫ̫ߡ
٣ֲһ棬ǵùһ䡣
ĬʵںȥƣϾ¶ңǳ¹¶ھӣҪԼô˼ӣ¶ҲҲס룬ǰеŭǿ
ĺǿȴǱ⼸һﳹ׼˵ӴãӽҪǿҵǻҹۿ˵Ͳ
ˣú÷أ׵÷ˡδ
ͣСҪġ¶ȻԱ߹š
һֵĽУ¹õһһƵСӣҪˣӴ˵ţһǰȥҪٶȰĬ˦
ĬСӳ׼ŭˣȫעעĶѿԼصʱ򣬿׼һ˲䣬Ȼ
žһ죬ƤĬ͵ˣĬһʰƤ򣬳ߡ
¹ʵû뵽ԼʹرĬ͵ڷ֮ʣĬѾ˿λ׼һоͶƤԹԵ䵽档
СƯ¶ȸԾؽе
ˣҲͣƣеС͡
һֽĬ߿Ĭ߸ӵ󣬼ǰһƬشǿ첽һͷӰٶ̫죬ָûлָȻС˵˽ϣ߷˳ȥ
γ˵Ϊʲô򴫹Ĭֱ˶⣬ٴŭ
ĬһۣߵǰûˣƾʲôҪ㡣
٣ҿСǷᡭʱҪĬ
¹֪ҪԼͲܼͷˣæסˣÿľˣα
Ĭȴǳ׻Ҫǰ֣¶ĬͼæеСˣ´㱣֤ܽ
ĬҧҧаұÿָָУȻĻ澡ʧġ
ڳ¹Ȱ˵£ŭҲȴǰ룬ҺǸģһ󲻴Ǵʲô
µһֽУԷ֣־һͻƣ˦Сëķ֮󣬼Ĭýָ˿ٲĳ¹¹һλɵ䵽
ĬЩΣСëȷʵǸѧߣҵĽָûлָЩѡ
һֵĽУԷзǿתۼ䣬ȷѾһ
µ¶üĬûжٻ֮Ҳ𽥼СнǰԵǣҪȥĬǽҪٸԳŰ



һʮ˻ ָָ
¶ŮԼʧȥģĬŭˣҧҧһһҪ¶Է
ԷܿͰ˳Է֣־򴫸Сǰ̷ߺ̷һٶοҪʱ̷ԶĬȴͻȻɱ˹߸ߵԾ
ҲӦ˹Ծ׼̷ߣĶʵһ͹̷ߵͶ
Ȼ̷ߵƤոճ֣ǰȴͻطɳһֻ֣žһ죬صϣ򵽲߽⣬¶Աߡ
ֻ֣Ĭ֣ȻĬ̷֮һһװúܸߣʱǡȴǸ߹̷Դֱʮףøǵ̷ߵͶ
СëһС򡣡
¶ҲǲͣСǵúã磬
ҲС֣ͣĬкŮ鱻ĬñٴεȼˣֻٻٻԵ΢һЩ
Ҳ鲻Խ̾Ϣܸѽøôࡣ
ųƵ˵̷߸ǺһŻвϻɸղʵԣСӵĵҲ̫˰ɣҸñʱյôá
ĬȴԵñȽƽĽָȻûлָǷʶڵģһ߶ȾѣȻܹɵظ
¹Щߵ򳡱ߣʰ˷ߣ򴫸һ֣־֣־СëһͶļٶСëȻϵ֣־򣬻һλͶĻᣬͶ˳ȥ
꣬һ䵽Ȧ
߱һ
СëЩɥˣߵĬߣСߴСҷס
Ĭ룬˵СëɣɧͶȥߡ˵ţվڡ
ܿ죬Է֣־һλοСëҪ׼ͶĬȴһϣһļٶ֣־ȻϵˣͶһش򣬰жĳ¹¹ǰһƬشһڿն𣬾
Ϸ˳ֱȥʱٴγһֻƣžһǵ⡭
һֻ֣ȻĬ֣ղֻǼװŻ֣־ȴϵᴫ¹ڵһʱ䳷˻׼ʱ
Сëʱվ⣬ɿȥʰȻܵߴһתĬѾ⣬æӸĬĬһͣͶ򻮹һĻߣֱȦȥ
һһ¶кš
һ죬źϣĬڰû֮ʣԼһз˫ӭȥ
ɹȷֱ߱ȶ
ƳĬһۣһ䣺ഫ򣡡
ȻԼֽⷽһ򣬵ĬȴǲˬԼͶʧ£İԼһһ
һֵĽУСë򷢳ĬסеԹŭߵһٶͶ˳ȥȻոճ֣Էĵ̷ߵƾ͸˹žһ⡣
Ĭպصĵطһʰ򣬷ɿسڶԷδ֮ʣɹ
򣬺Сڽˡ
磬ͣͣ
ΧŮļ鳹ױĬȼˡ
ĬҲǳˬ죬ڽˣһ񱻸֮ġֻҪͱֽǽĽ練
һ࣬ԼǾˣؼǱСӽмΪˬ
һνУĬ򷢸һʱ䴫ϴαˣμӻұǿͶͶ˳ȥ
顱һԵϣˣɵ
¹ǡµķ򣬼˹ۿҪץסȴͻȻֺɳֻû䵽ʱͰץȥ
˫ȻĬ֣ĬͲµǿ׼
¹֮࣬æ׼ءĬûأڿб
һ죬ȵ
Ĭɹȷֱ߱ġ
Ƥ򣡡鲻Խشһ䡣
Сë¶áǻͣ
¹ʵЩԼ۾СӵĵȻ壬ҸղСˡ
ĵǷǳõģζּΪӣվλõ£ȻĬ򲢲ɹ÷ǳƶ
ɫѿˣԼͶʧ£ĬòĬĿ࿴ͬʱҲӷߺСˡ
ҲϣԼһӮⱻͷԳţһԼĬ䡣
һֵĽУ¹ڷĬʱСߴСӣԭǰϻӽÿηǷ㲻ɡ
ĬһЦҸղǵȷûлָоҲֻǻָ˰㹦ӹСëת򣬸оԼָѾˣǿͻƳ¹ķأƤһҵļٶȻͻȻһתһӾ˦˳¹ķء
¹д֮࣬æе֣־
һ֣־æĬ˹ĬҲǿҲСëû˷ˣæһףСë
Сë֮󣬼ǰˣԥؽͶ˳ȥ
ȷֱ߱塣
Сë͡µٻٻҲ
СëġĬҲСëļ
СëĬЩ˼ˣæ򴫵úã̫ˡ
Сߴһ䣬Լⷽ˶ڽ򣬶ΨԼܽȻŭ
һνУĬ編ƣٴ˦˳¹ķأһΣ̷߲ǶԷзлŧ׼Ĭ
ĬĵͱǲẦлʵķǵģһһ״򴫵С
û뵽ĬͻȻס󣬲ִٳ֣ȻֱԾȦȦûаš
ԷСǰ̷ڵһʱȻ󳤴ĺ֣־С
֣־򴫸λĳ¹¹Ͷ򻮹һߣٴ䵽
ȷֱ˰˱壬Էٴȷ֡
ĬҲֻǵ˵һ䣺ϲģ󣬵ȴ
㡭뵽ղԼȷʵ̫һ㣬˷ضûͶҲ˼ʱѾǵͨ죬аģһҪָ״̬СӶͷ
¹һȻЩ⣬һֵĽУһһ߶Ĭ˵Сӣղý˼ҪˣǷסҵġ˵ţһתҪٶ˦Ĭķء
žĬ飬ٴδ˳¹е򣬳¹ڷ֮ʣѾʰ嵽߸
Сϵúãٽһ磬򰡣
ôܣСӵĶôô죬˫ֶܶ򣬳¹ʵڲǰһУ
Ĭٰ˵ڣ¹ûзһ
ԷСǰ̷Ĭ·ԶĬӷҲ׼ĬĬµ̷ߵһû˿ңȵ̷ߵĴַǵԼϷȴͻȻڿһһٰʮȴתñס̷߷ǵͬʱһԺ˳ȥ
Ʈݣ
ѡȦתһȦȴûнȥʹˣµ¶ȻؽС˧磬ͣһͽˡ
Էз壬ٴߵĳ¹¹Ҳڵһʱ򷴴˻Էз֮ʣһ
ȷֱ˾ű壬ȻǶԷģǴȴڸĬȲʣϵĶԱҲڻζĬղŵǸƮݵıûн
һν¹ȡǰ漸εĽѵһ򣬾͵ߵз棬зٴǿԹԵ䵽
ˡ¶öЩ̾ϾĬӮĻģֻз̫ϲˣ˷ûᣬһ©˺üΣһһ򰡣
ԳŰɣӦʮԳš¹¶ʤ߸̬߰
Ըķ䣬ĬҲûзϻſԱߵĵϣ˶ʮ׼ĸԳţˣȻҲſ˵ϣȫֻһƨɣͲǸԳš
ڶֱʼˣĬСëȻƴ̬ȵջʮˣҲٴ˾ŸԳš
Ĭ߽߸УĬһ˾ͽĸСëһȻһûнһԼûж־ǵκĬ
ֱĬ԰˱ˡ
һᣬͻȻɫ˶ӣ˶ʮ꣬һһװ壬زֱ۵ļ¡һһǿз棬һһңҲǽʵ
˱׼ȥǱͶϰģǼԿңҲվ˳ߣۿͬʱлͣųϵĶԱ
СӴ治ۼֿ죬ܶϡһĬ
߸Ҳǰ̫ˣ㣬øߡ
һֽɳ¹ǷģԷ֣־ڶ㿪Сëķ֮󣬾ҪĬ֣־ǰˣòſԳ¹ķأ֣־֣־һ֣֯Ĭһشٴΰߵĳ¹
Ĭ¹̫Զһ㣬ۿ¹ҪϿȴûа취سءȻڳ¹ҪͶһ˲䣬ͻȻðһֻһƽ˳ȥ
ǸñľȻСëСëʱӦҲҵ˷صĸо
ĬһСë򡣡ٳ嵽⣬ʰȻٴγ˽ԷСǰ̷߼Ĭ˽æǰ¡
Ĭ̷ͻȻһתߵȥϽסа룬βоѶ
ʱµĳ¹һŧһ𲹷˵Ĭķ˹ȥסĬĽǶȡ
ĬʱѾƴˣҽڵȫһ̤ȫ˳¹ֵķǺӾȻһƬҶһұƯƶȥ
ƯƵұµʱлַ־Ȼڿͣһ£лʵ֮ʣһȥ
ޢȦתȦջǽˡ
򣬺򡭡³¶˲ͣеӶǰԵֱǿƱȵͿա
ԷĶԱĿĬĵطԺһֱĬղŷе·ߺͶóһͬĽۣһﲻˣˣ
СëǳͣҡĬӣСӣҵż񣬾Եż񡭡
ĬһЦֻһ㣬ټãչСëļղŵĸñҲء
ιˣ촫򡭡´ԿĬ
ģҲ˷ѣСӳ³Ա油ԱĬ뵽ץ͵һƤһڵһ㣬µ
дϲڴˣҪ˫ӭӹȥžһ죬ص֮󣬾Ȼ٣˹ȥ䵽߰׵ĵºּǱ߹˶ʮףĬδжô
һҽУ漴ֽ߽ؿڣвͣѽۣ
ԱæΧ˹ȥеôˣ
ˣգָѿˣѪˡʹ࡭
ԭղĬǴδʵ̫ˣ񲻵ûнסֻУʳָָ˾ʣĸӵָǷˣѪͣ˳
ĬæǰǸѽ˼û°ɡ
֪Ĭǹģ뽫еŭ𱬷ǼĬʵظԼǸȴ˼ˣֻҧгݵ٣ʲôô
ԼӲס򣬾Ȼ˵˼Ҵ̫󡣡Աߵ¶̵򶼽Ӳסʲô򰡣ù񣬲³ˡ
㡭ʵҲɣֲҹ¶֣ҧݣࡣ
ĬҲЦЦֵܣȻˣǾ³ϢϢɡԱǸз棬룺磬ǶԱˣһɣҪǱ֤Ӯ
ӼԿңһˣڼĬ룬æǺãһԱӵļͷСȥһٻҡ˵ţվϡ
֪Ĭ˵ԼϲģǸղԼıȷʵܷϲģҲֻŭǻ˳
¿ʼˣĬûһ˴򣬶ǰߵз棬зղϳǳǿңһٶοԷзķأ
ȷֱ˰˱Ȱˡ
¹ǲЩˣĬǸ֣Ҳз潻֣ǾǸǿˣڱʵԼƺѾ·硭
һĬȻڳ¹ǰǿͶ֣򻮹һĻߣ
űȰˣĬߵһη˱ȷ֡
һĬװͻƣȻ˳ƽµз棬з油
¶СӮˣӮˡ
ĬЦЦֵܣĸԳŰɣ
ֱĬСëϳз涼ƴʮʤˣһУĬзСëһ
ʮĬڽг¹Գŵʱϲ¶˵Цݡ
¹ȻܲԸǼȻ˾ӦϷſ˵ϣ˶ʮ׼ĸԳš



һʮŻ ӾĻЦ
ССëǿ˰ɣȺȵˮ¶ڼϢĿյȥͽ̵˼ƿȪˮ
ĬӹһƿȪˮ˹˵غſȪˮ˫ȴǽĿ¶ǿĵЦϣʱ¶˷ȪһӿǺƺ˻ЦȻΪԼˣҲУܿԼôһ򣬱ԼκֶҪġ
Щж¶¶ǰĶˣôõŮôܹ
ֿʼʱ򣬳¹ߣ䣡
ĬȻ˳¹аЩһﻹûе£򶼻ҪԵס
ȻһֱУҲʼˣؽ֮Ͷʧˣڷصʱ©ٳöԷСǰ̷һ˾ͽ
Ĭзˮƽӵ˼£ԱȷǱ˾űȾš
νǶԷԷСǰ̷ǰٴû˷Ա̷æͶոշɳĬߵзǡʱϵһưֱȵĬУĬ򷴴з󣬿ٳ˽ȥ
зͶ˳򵯿˿λĬ
Ĭ׼ֱӲȻһ˲䣬ȻҲȫ
ĬͼСƻԼĲдԵ׵Ҳ̫˰ɣֻ޳ˣ
ŭȫõϣǿв֮ҲصײϣȦϣĬһзǡʱ˫ֲ
ɹȷֱʮȾţ
ʱӦΪĬײڿʧȥģȴˤ˵ϣһأӾήڵϣ˫ֱȣͣţӴҵĽš
¹˸æΪȥûУ
֪Ӵʹ
ĬװģعȥеӦֻŤ˽ţûд⣬ȥϢһ£Աһӣ˵ֵܣһԱһ¡
¶Ա߼̵ιղϴ˰ɣǵһأ˰ǲֵá
ǸڰڲˣҶˣа٣ǳ¹⣬ȻҪȥԼһˣ
ǵĶԱˣˡ¹
ǶСˣûʲôϵġĬ̵ղſ˵ģҪʮ֣;˳ǿڹ˵
¶ĬʿǣҰԵ׶˳ȥǳʵʱæе¹أղſԼ˵ģҪ˳Ǿͷڹꡣ
¹뵽ΧôŮ¶ԼھӣҪԼĵͷڹ꣬Ժô˰ҲֻҧǺðɣǼ
һֵıУĬ߶־ǸͶ׼ҷǳڴϣĬ÷֣СëҲҵ״̬Ϸǳ
һᣬȷ־ͱĬһͶʮ¹˲òʮŸԳţ
֣Ĭ˵ϸ죬ǺҲһҵָУȷָһʮһ
žŰʮһԳţ¹긩Գŵʱ򣬶ȫ̱þòܴӵ
ʵڲˣǾͲ˰ɡĬЦ
ôǲͷڹġ¹ֵصģҾͲţӮһ֡
ҡҲˣϣȫ̱ҪˣԷзлŧ򳡱ߣͣš
ŧ㡣ٴվϣָȻˣͶҪǿ֣Ҳ̫Ӱ졣
ĬЦЦֵܣûˣ
ûˣȫܹ㣡һơ
Ĭ΢΢ЦЦûӦȫעط˳¹һֽ
¹ĬĶ򣬼ĬһͰߵ񱳶Ĭһз棬׼ÿλͶȻĬͷɿߴ˹һѽɵ棬ĺʰһֱĬĬɴ÷֡
ŷӦеղŴַˣ㣡
̫޳˰ɡ¶ʵڿ񣬴е˼Ҹû֣ʲôء
ĬͲʰӸ߸СëеСë򡭡
ȫֱղĬȷʵûз棬ҲòзģһҪСӸ
ļУĬ򴫻Ͷ㲻ҲԷķߣԱͶַǳ׼Աȷֺܿͱ߱㣡
һֵĽУĬԺܿٶ˦˳¹ķأǰһƬشһɿس¡
ĬҵӻڼĬ˽Ҳ˲÷зˣһͷţĬл쵰Сӣҹģھǲ㣬ҲҪ˷ϵ
ĬǳԼģҲ޳Сˣҽ͸ɫ
뵽ԱߵٻٻҪԼȫ¶ʵٻٻһȷԼݵġתһ룬ٻٻµԼݣҪԼηηβģµԼĻɣſһ㣬ΪԼֻ֣ͶԼĵ̷
뵽ԼȫһԳԿͷԻԱߵٻٻ
˫ȫ̤ڵϣһ̵ɵӸ߸߷Ծ˫־ֱȥ
ʱҲǡõĬǰּװĬͬʱĬӡ
ĬһֻڶӥĶԷӶӲײ˹ȥ
Ĭ̫ߣӴĵطȻϥǣһ죬ϥػؿϣӶʱ󡭡
ѵĬ˫ֲ߳Ȧֱۣصؿʱ˫ֻץסȦҡһ¡
ĬҲӿƮݵӣһƬƮҶ
¶˺СȻ̫ܿ˧ˡ
áҲһ𻶽УһֱĬٻٻҲ̲סеС˧Ŀ
ϵĶԱǷڿˣĬߵԱͣسĬ¹ǱߵԱΧڵϵ
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ӴӴҵؿڡƨɡͣ
ؿڣȻǸղĬϥǵĹͣƨɣڵϵĺ
ڵϣþû¹˻ǵĶԱˣûܴˣıΪֹɡ
ĬǺãȥҲûʲô˼ˡ
¹ҧҧջûзĬĻһǱȥ
¶Щһ긩ԳߣǼѾǱˣǳ¹ԼھӣҲͷŹǡ
ǲˣ档ĬԺЦ
ֵܣ̫ˣҺþûǿˡзޡ
ҲЦǰ㲻Сİɣǰûм㡣
ˣĬЦ¶ĺأġ
Աߵ¶еʲôأѾѵЦ
Ĭûзֻ΢΢ЦЦں˼䣬Ź¶˵߰ɣǻȥ
Сӣԭôǿʼ汻ƭˡ¶뵽ĬǸֱȻıЩ⣬ǻ⡣
Ĭ˵ڲ֮ͻͽˣȻЩԾҲͨ
СëЩ벻ͨˣǰûмĬڼͻȻе㲻ʵ
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ҽȥµľˡ¶ЦҲûйϵҺ㡭
ҺСëӾµģȻȥðɡٻٻ
СëЦٻٻˣ۵òˣϢһ¡
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ĬЦˮƽҲֻЩСǰѳˣҪǺְҵıʸ񡣡
ǫˣĺǿСëСǰô֪ô
ĬЦСأ㲻֪ˡ
֪ĬûСô˵¸ɻˣСë˵ôͻȻأ
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Ĭ˸ɳվŴһ˴
Ӿؾһ԰ĺ棬¶˽УӾʮ׳ʮ׿Ȼ̫󣬵Χţû˵ȣһֵĺõط
ĬСëӻ·Ůûгˮرߣ
ӺŮŴӻгˣϱȻӾµŮǰһˣǽӾǡôذѼ˵չֳ͹£ǰѩļ⻨԰һķ羰ߡ
ŮУõĻٻٻĳߵĶ̬޳Ĵ̺УӺ濴ǸϹμŮȻָоҲֻں棬ϿСëͺܴˡ
¶ҲǳǻŲһһģβСƤһԲȵİڶҡţţ˵Ưӣʵ˼˰ľ
õҲòˣزȻ󣬵״ȴǳȣСӣԵΪˣѩ͸һ˿ۣԴɬӣȴһˡ
ˮ¶վӾرߣûκ˼һ˵ˮУ͵ˮ
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ĬһվҲһ¶ڵλãˮʱˮ¶ǣˮУ
¶ĬһѣеСӣİɣ
Ĭ΢΢һЦûӦˮеĸоĺܺãر˶֮¶ǡˮԼδ壬ǧëһ泩رǰôԼͬʱܴ۸ϵľˬ˲ûˮȺӱϻˮУһˮһһߵǵˮжһ᲻ᱻţ
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µˮУȴԵЩ£ССмĬæõߣЦСãûµģصƽأȻǱܴ͸Щᱻš
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¶Ĭܵӣ¾Ȼһ˿⣬СúСûκѪԵϵģ֮᲻֮ĸ鰡
뷨ԼţСòʧȥ˫ףΨһĸ綼ȥˣСһĹػҲȻ飬Һʲôɴװ
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һ̣а԰οˣ˼ˣһ˳Ȼɡ



һʮ ٻٻ
˯ҹ¶оԱߵĿտܵؽһС
˫ۣĬѾˣ²һ˿ʧ뵽þ˯ԱߣʧҲͺܿʧˡ
Լǳ壬ζϷļʱ̣¶һ˿Ҹ΢Ц漴ֻһ˿˸У
ǹ¶컨巢˺һӵĴŴѣȥһ˲
ӲųûصԷ˿յ͸оһɴ̱ǵζ
ʱĬѾɳ˯ˣ輸ϵķһ̣֧Ѿһ롣
ɳıϣͻȻоԼЩоȻ޵ĸо
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ҲϵĴˣԼӦȥջĬΪ˼ƽĬѹ
¶ղŵĶȻᣬǾԼߵĬһ˹Լң̾һڣ
ڶϣ˭Ҳû飬ǲΪΣΪöԷѹ
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ĬҵĽмѾվİˣǿ׳˵ǰ⻢Ըաǿ֣־еıڡ
⻢˼ĬԵúǿСټıڣһ¡
ǴŷֲϮ֮⻢˾ͶĬǲĬҶóϰΪŮȻҪùϵˣرԸգĳ˵ĬľˣǴŵ飬ĬȴѴĹͶ鹦ϣӸм
Щ±ڣĬ⻢ټģĬԱڵʽˣʵĿ뽨һװԱںǰȫͽͻʱܹãȻûаĿĸ߸⻢ˣȴǸ£õµȫ֧֣ΪҲǸҪԼ֪֯Լʵޡ
˿Ĭôᣬȴ˵ĴͷЩʧôϴôһСӰԼԺô졣
ĬȻ˴ҶԼĻɣһȵվǰ˵ҺãҽĬұڵĹ೤ǶǾ硢Դ羫ѡģǵûʲô飬Ҿ˵һ˵ƶĹذɡ
һʮվ˳òм۹⿴ĬһۣûʲôǼȻǵİ೤ǲӦõŷ
ĬĿ䵽ϣһװңԵúǱ뺷˫ۼ͹ȻǸӡ
⻢е˿ӵҽܣ˵ɣɽѧУҵУڼ䣬һֱǰ书ְ̽̽ɡ
֪ҪЩ˶ԼŷԼͱֱֹ֮ӽԼţ㿼һСӵ
ǹ֧еôУ䶷ȴǲĬô˵æǺãСܵⱣڰ೤䶷϶ǿҽ̡
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ԸյȻ֪ĬӦǶ䶷ȴ֪ףҲĬֱ֡ر⻢ǰĬ֣ܸоĬʱĬʵʵһֱ档
վ˳һ񣺡ֵܣҵˡ˵žһĬ˹֮ȶ֣Ĭʾ𾴣ΪʾԼ̡
Ĭһû˿ңһո㿪Ĺһȭš
Ĭ֪Ҫ˶ԼķڷͱʾǿһʼͶ˸߶ӣԱ㾡ȡʤ֡
кĬҵ˶Էصһ϶ȭֱ룬ֱزĬȭѾ˫æԼؿڡ
ȻĬȴһУһɨ䣬ɨ̣ľ֮࣬æԾ
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ǰ׵ĵطĬȭͷͻȻֹͣȭͷȥļ磬ʹ
䵽˵ϣһֵܣҶķڷ
ܱߵ˶Ĭ䶷Ҳǰر⻢ڿʼʱͺ֣ʱԼûʽռ̫ƣĬȻֻôоʤȻĬԼ߳˲١
ĬҲӵ䶷е⣬΢΢Ц˵ôĻԺֵܣ
⼸Ȼ̫ĬʲôղŵıͲһϵԷˣȻҲзɡ
Ĭڶĸ˽һļ飬ĸУֱһ侯ѧУҵһɢеһֱ侯ѧУҵӣһ̵ıڣǺǸƲҵˣҲʧҵˣԸյĽܽ뵽
Ĭ˵⣬⻢Ը˵ȻҪһЩǱǿ֣־˵ȴಮ٣Ǽ룬ټ־³ɺĽѩǵԼװҲγһϵͳˡ
ȻҲףԼS鱨ֺ͹ͽ˵ͲֵһᣬΪһһϣԼԱȽΣһʱỹЩ˵ע⡣

һǼ׷һĸŮŶ룬źɳϣЩηɳϵһӡ
ӴԼʮ߰꣬ͥüɫ֣ͦ˫۾Ե÷ǳһһװңһ׻ɫװлһֻ̣˵оһ侲ķǷ
ɵôԵˣ
Ҳ㶼ߴôãȴһϢûСԵЩһ̣³ߣ˵ɣЩʲôˣ
Ůæһֱָʾ̽ƻڶж̽¼ҵ˾
ӵƻôˣ
ԴǴǲ߻ŵĿֲϮ֮ƻͺڶˣҲϷ˶ŵĿơŮһӣʵɵϹδӦǺ𣿡
ûи𰸡ߵаϹҺǺġ
ʲô취ŮӺǴϹҵļλ𣿡
ɫһ˿мһŮ˼ңͲӦȥôһǿļŮӣʵòŲ飬㣬ĬСô
ŮӳΣ˵ɵΪƻҰɱжӣȻ书ֻ£ûƻж
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ŮæϴҶȫ˽⣬ֻǻԣڶ˽⣬ֻǸСʱѧһЩʽũްˡ
ߣũޣߵ˼˵ǴϮ飬ֻðˡ
ŮӶ˶٣˵Ҿȷʵ
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Ůаһ˿ǣɵжָưҴڵ̬ƺѾҸղŵĻ˻ɣҵ׸ô죿
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ٻٻ治ɫ˵ֻǸ񹤰ˣôܶôһƽ˶飿
𣿡ߵȻûж飬ͰɱɣҲƻǵļƻ
ٻٻ֪ɵǲῪЦģϻһ˿ţæɵûκιϵģ˵ˣҲƻǵļƻ
žĴڲ輸ϣŭҵʲôʱ򣿡
ɵҡûС
ӴٻٻĻûУҶˣĬƻҰɱܿѾõǷݱڿصϡԽ˵Խŭ֪ҵĺʲôǲʱǴҶ군
ɵĲ֪ٻٻЩ
֪ҧҧ㵽ôã㵽ͷȻһ֪ңҿʱȫںСë̸˵˰ɡ
ٻٻо˲ƺһ鶼֮а²ĬҪˣСëҲ⣬뵽ʵΣҪԼСë飬˵ɵŹһڣ϶ẦСëģ
뵽оȻʹ⼸Ȼʹûһεǿҡ
ĺ֣Сë˵ֻһũĴ꣬Ϊʲô飿
ҡҡٻٻһʱҲ̨ʣΪ֪Լ˵ѻɵҲš
ˣҲ㣬һһĻģֺãһῼǷŹСëģô֣Ǿͱұ顣
ţ֪ˡ
ٻٻ֪ɵҪԼʲô飬Щ̣ȴΣ֪ǰӵʵοԼһģԼ˿̵Ļֻ˳ӡ
ֻϣԼһܹ˵㻰ˣܹŹ޹Сë
ֵǺðɣȰжƻһ׵ҡ
ٻٻЩεǷжƻ飬ϸطһ𡭡



һʮ߻ ݷĽѩĸ
磬ĬͨĽѩĵ绰Ľѩ㣬п𣬳Ըɡ
Ľѩ֪ĬºԼ̸룬˵ɣϵҼԷ
ĬҲȥݷһĽѩļˣرĸף׺ͰȫӶӳսѣεȫбҪͨ߷ӳǵǺãھ͹
ַ֪ɣ502ڳ·£ҪʱҴ绰ҵվ㡣
õģһ͹˵绰︴ϰýеСãҪȥһȥɡ
ǺðɣһᣬҺһȥ
Ĭݻһʽĳ㣬ȻһסûȥҶֱӵСſڣ502
ʮӺ󣬾͵Ľѩ˵ǳ·վһ³ͼĽѩӭʱһɫTһѩɫĶ̿㣬̤һ˫ɫЬмּͥ󣬲ʹôƽĴ磬ȻڸǲǶʡ
ĽѩһĬ¶һõЦݣСӣ˰
ʱ̶ءĬæЦֻЩæء
˭ŰĽѩĬһֻۣ²˰ɡ
˱߱ģһ͵ĽѩļңŵĽѩĸףһʮ߰ŮӣȻѾɼƣͷҲżа׷ƤȻɼɡ
̺ãĬæк
ĸĽѩĬĬ˹ģЩ⣬ĬкøУڼҲܶòæͷСÿ
ĬЬ΢΢һΧһ׶һӣʮƽףҾ߸ɾ룬һܰϢ˱Ƕ
ܲðɡĬʵ
ĸأ岻㡣
ĬĿͶĽѩĽѩ㣬ǽȥɡ
Ľѩ˵ͷ裬ȥͰģŪһ·ɡ
ƽʱĽѩڼң³ĬͣŪ˸Ĭֻ֪ĬҪ̸ҲֻаԼĳձˡ
ҪĽѩĸȥȴԴһιܸſڣĬЦС
ĬĿ䵽ϵϣʮңЩݣ˫ȴǶ񣬶ҳһɣĸС˫ڴв¶ǿյģȴԵúܽʵȻǾ˶
ܲáĬܹܸһ
ǰӣԵľ壬Ľѩ˵ܸڵų˲зϵģڲз֮û˿Щһֱд˻¼鼮ĸȫϣ̣
СɣԼһܸ˵߰ƵɳԱߣȻĽѩĽѩСɡ
ĬܸĶ棬ЦܲҪ
ܸЦЦ飬Ľѩ˵ˣʲôֱ˵ɣòſġ
ĬĽѩ˽׵Ϊˣ֪ǸˬˣҲ˵׵Ļֱܲ㶼֪һһݻܵ飬ҽˣܰҷ𣿡
ܸ˵ͷҿ
Ĭȡһݴӡֽݸܸܸӹӡֽϸһɫص###ǰȫֵͽǵðϽϷ룬###׼ռѹ֤ݡ
Ĭ˼˵ܲܲҸҺͷӳ棬ϸһӦ֮ߡ
Ȼû⡣ܸ˶٣˵ڱҪǱ߹»һʱ䣬һҪõĻᡣ
̸һЩ飬֪оѾˣĸѷ˶˵ϣеԷˣİɡ
ϣĬֻͻȻˣСëģСʱʲôأ
绰ʵСëʲô£
ССëˡ绰ͷٻٻ
ģĬһæʵʲô
ģǽȥ빫԰棬ȥСˤˣֱ۱ˤˣҽԺءٻٻЩ졣
Ĭ΢΢ü˵ôҽԺڹ͵ҽԺɡ
ٻٻæǺãɡ
Ĭʣĸ
ٻٻٸɣʱ˴绰ġ
˵ˡʱЩģĬϸȻĻ
ĬҶϵ绰ЩصĽѩһۣĽѩһѱ˰ˣڵȥ
Ĭ֪СëûˣǱٻٻȥˣΪСëȥ棬϶ѯԼһģοͲȥ
ղٻٻڴ绰ʱ˵ǡʱ˴绰ġ˼֮⣬ˣˣǰСëʹ
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ĸЩǵĽѩСһҪСġ
ܸ˹ص˵ͷȥɡ
˳Ĭæֻͨ³ɵĵ绰ɣ鷳ܲܰһ¡
³ѰĬֵܣԥ˵û⣬㾡ܿڡ
ĬֱӵǼȥ빫԰һ˰ɣװãиֵܱ˰ˡ
Ǻãھ׼



һʮ˻ ·͵Ϯ
ĬĽѩһ⳵ʮӺ󣬳⳵͵ɽ£·Ĭϴιⷭ·ɽϱǴκ¶ɭֹ԰
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ľɫĬʱȴЩҹɫһɵѹŴأƬҹɪɪʻĺһƵô
ھǴԼĵطĬ·棬аѰ˼Ҳ֪ٻٻڵʲô뷨ղŴ绰Ӧǡ
ֻǣҪǰǣܿѱһ⣬ôһǿ£أ
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٣ȥ빫԰·ˣǰ˳绰ͷ³ɷ߷ߵǵĳͨȥˡ
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ӦҪӽһСʱҲֻ취ˡĬмɣǾ鷳ˣҵʱʱ䣬ǵĵ
Ȼ֪빫԰ĵ·Է׼ģȻ·ܹ·Ҳܹģ³ȥ·˷ʱ䣬ɽԷһ䲻
˵绰Ĭ˼һֵܳĸ״˼֮ʣ⳵תһոתȻǰ·Ϻһ󿨳
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٣ڸʲô⳵˾ͬʱһɲͣ
ĬиоЩæԴ̽⣬ϸ鿴ΧɽһͿҪɽˣɽһһƬ֣ҹɳɳ죬Ҷ衣ïܵҰݺqqһƬһ˵ħ趯ƺ̺ɱ
ĬоƺӰζ֪ԷǳԼģһԾλ˳⳵ĸʻңͬʱУѾһǹ
ʲô˾ܵؽһĬͻȻӺԾ˸ʻңлǹ֧ܵ϶١
ǻλĬϸ˵һѽ⳵˾ץȻӴӳ⳵˾»˹ȥ˼ʻ
⳵˾ûзӦͱĬ˸ʻϣʱѱŵȫûѯĬԵɡ
ʱĬϷз漴һӰӳһһʱת뵹Ȼ͵һţ󷽵ȥ
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һŵصĵط˲ɢ漴һ춯صıըط·һ·ԵĻܲסǿҵ׷׵һʱ䣬ɽ죬̳Ĵ
Ĭĳ⳵Ȼ뱬ըĵطףǳ⳵ǰ滹ǱҵĲĲҲըǿѿ
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ĬȻҰͣ󷽵ǿըƫһЩҧת򣬰ת˹·ڱڡ
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ըͶЩƫ⣬䵽˹·ԵĬְ棬ȻըͬһϣȴȻ׵ľ롣
ԷͶըǶԷֹĸըҩ׵ǿ˺ü˵Ĭαñըը˵ģ⳵͹·γһб棬ĵǡðըȻоǿҵ𶯣ȴûܵԼĳ
⳵ٶȻ̾ͿըըĵطĬ׼ʱ͵򣬳⳵ȻӲشˮг»ص·档
ʱѾĬƵıԵһɲͣסȻתǰǰȥ
ĬֻһͣͰѳ⳵ķת˹Ȼɽ¿ȥ
ȻոտʮףǰͻȻתһʮּĴ󿨳󿨳һͣţǼţһͷް
Ĭƺ˶ԷͼԷҪײԼĳ⳵вңȥһǹǿļʻҡ
һǹǿ˾ûе£ԷȻǴ˷ͷģٶȸˣֱ⳵˹
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ۿ⳵ˣΪ˱⳵ͿײĬòѷ˹·档
ڳ⳵תʱǿҲͻȻת棬⳵͵ײ˹
Ĭ⿴˿棬·һб£ڳ⳵ĺ󷽣бҪǰö࣬ҪǱײ˸ţ⳵ضᷭ䵽󷽵ģǱȻ³ĲҾ硣
⳵ǰȥǰ¶ҪƽһЩпܻ
뵽һ򣬳⳵·滬˳ȥ
ʻҵ˾͸ŴˣʱͲ֪
ĬܹӼʻģó⳵˾ΪԼװոջ·ߣȴǷ˸ʻңַɿ򿪳ţ͵ץ˾ֱۣȻ׼ʱһԾ˳ȥ
ŵĽѩҲ׼ʱҲӺ洰ڷԾ˳



һʮŻ ´Ѩ
һĬ⵼ݵģ֪ᱻĴȻϮ;һҶɽȥˣһֱĬ˵Ұûֹͣ
Ĭ˾бڲݵϣĽѩץסһֱ۴ϸİСû°ɡ
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Աߵ˾ȴǲͣţӴҵֱۡʹֱ࣬ڸղʱˤˡ
Ĭ֪Σأ˲ѯƣһһֱֻۣһȥһߵ˵Ҫ뿪ȻΣա
Ӵǵʲô˰ҵĳ˾ƺûʶԼղѾȥŹһˣھȻʹĳ
˵ϻ·Ĭ˾ɽ¶ȥ
߷ӣҲĹΧˣĬ˾ֱô
ʹ϶ǹˡ˾һԹ
ĬԼɽȥƣǻ¡
˾һɥɣǰҵĳŪˣһˣǾȻһ֮
Ĭкŭ𣬱ǹвⲻͨļһ뵽Ҳܺߣסеŭڱ׷ɱҪһҲû
ǡһ뿪ˡ˾ղŵ飬ȷĬ˵ѣ¶ʱǱ߰ɣһɽ͡ˡ
ĬԱߵĽѩ˵Ľѩ㣬ɽɣһȥ
ĽѩĬ˼˵һɽûģһǸһɡ
ĬǰΪԷֻһжԽĽѩҲиϣӶԷղŵԷȻǾ׼ģĿҪԼأòı⣬һǰ
СëΪԼű˰ģǲ䲻˵ģԷܣȱȻ׶༪٣ĽѩٸԼðգԸĽѩܵ
Ĭ㻹ȥȥҽԺзִ硣
˾ĽѩǸŮԼܵôشĲأܲԼһɣǵӣһɽɣֵأǸֻȡ
Ľѩҡҡͷ˵С㲻˵ˣҲɽġ
˾Ȱӣôôǿأһǡ
Ľѩһǹ׼˾ҹɽȥȻұ㡣˪˲˿
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Ĭ̾˿Ľѩ㣬ֺοأ
СϻˣͬĽѩĻƽڼȴ⡣
ͬ򵥵ĸ֣ȴĬҲͣĿ鲻ԽͶĽѩʱû˿Ů̬֮ȡ֮ŮӲӦеļɫ¹͸֣˫ϣӰҶĻζţɵ˼£
ĬȻĶΪĽѩĸòԥ֣ΪԼϵɫٶ˵ϻֻصͷãһȥͬ
䣬еֻͻȻаңøղֻûڹжֻ˿һİĵ绰롣
绰ǱߴһͳСӣͦӹˡ
ǸӵĬ²⣬˱ǰȫֵͽҲٻٻĸɵ
ĬǵҪô
ղֻ뿼һǵʵ֤ǵ绰ͷû˿ɫʣҪСëǾͱڶʮڸϵɽǰַʱ俴ˣǾͻɱڡ
Ĭ֪빫԰ɽǰһ͵ĻڱϾɭֹ԰ΪǨˣھʣһƬûгķϾɳЩΧֺоǰɱ˵ĺõط
ĬȻѾ¶ȥСëˣΪ̽Է̬ȣ˵ôȷһȥ
㵱ȻԲ绰ͷʵɣǲϲŮ˶ֽţСëЧҲֻиı䷽ˣʱãŮ¶棬пܳ䵱СëĽɫ
Է˼ԲˣСҪθҲҲɱСëȥץߵŮˣֱͷΪֹ
ĬȻѹ¶桢õˣǲҪ뿪СҪԳţЩץһѶȵģСȴûôȫˣЩץ׾ҵᣬԲǿͷвԼĻʵжϵġ
ΪСëİΣΪ˼ǵİΣѨǷǴȥ޻ء
Ĭʵʶ˸ĸС̵ҪԼģú¶ǣңԼӦϧԼ鲻ԼԶܰػţǶһѰɣһѻ߻еᣬģһᶼûˡ
ԱߵĽѩЩģԼ龹ȻҪĽѩһԼģ⣬ԼһӶǻģû˵κο׵ĻΪʱѾĽѩһ
绰ͷ֪ʵģԹԵ
ǺãǶʮһϵĬҶϵ绰Ľѩ֣ǰַķȥæͨ˼ĵ绰
绰ܿͨˣͷ˼ϤС㣬ڸʲôأ
Ĭһʵ˼ڼҰɡ
Ȼڼҡ˼ЦһҪ
ϲУе顣ĬȻȷ˼ȻҲòź˵ˣǵ˼һ绰㣬ȹˡ
绰ͷ˼о˵绰ߵĽ֪ĬȷʵҪ죬Ҳûж˵ʲôֻǺãעⰲȫ
˵绰Ĭֲͨ¶ĵ绰ȷ¶桢ŮȫشСеʯų׷¡
绰һΣԼǰڽյв绰ʱ򣬾Ӧ뵽ǵİΣȴǼһ֮ǲӦá
ãֻǳģڻûдǵ⣬ҲøһϾ󻼵Ļᣡ
Ұ涵ɽдһᣬ˱㵽빫԰Χǽ棬ǰԶǴĬ¶͵·ĵطǰַߵһе·ȥ
׵¹ڵеϣһ׺߾żĵƹ⣬Ǳһ⡣
˲ûŹ·룬ǴܱߵïܴǱȥķӣͿǰһƬ
ܱ߸ûΧǽ˺һСͽ˳һ룬͸оһɴ̱ǵζôʱ䣬ζûȫɢ
ҹУԶ·ϴֻҹ»ˮڳƫƧشеĻ谵ϵӰ٣ҲĬܹؿΧ龰
ƾɲյǿӿݣҰݣڿŹһ棬мֵͩһҹ֦ͷҶɪɪҲҰ趯Ϊ¶ҹ˼Ȼ
ӵм䣬ڲ̽ΧĬֻȴͻȻǸղǸİ룬绰ȻӵܺãѾǽˡ
ĬΧһۣһøоȥԷķһӦǰҪ㵽Ҫʲôڿ˵˰ɣ
ӵתǰǸѾͷǶɳȽȥɡ
ĬĽѩ˶ʾתǰ״ףмĵ·ľͷһ󳧷ţᲽߵӳĴȥտŷƶ¹⣬ܹУһοܣһӱ棬
Сëʱ۾ڲҲԸûзſڴĬֻأ
磬ٻٻͻȻСë˵ԼҪ빫԰棬СëҪĬ¶ģٻٻȴ˵ֻһΪǨŮѣСëûаĬ
ɽϺСëĪرٻٻϾɹȻͱͻȻļץ
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ôãȻЩܣȴʹʵڲףԼϦദٻٻΪʲôҪ˰ԼԼĿΪʲô
СëӣĬаΣСëΪԼܵİԼֹٻٻӽ飬ҲġֻǣԼΪ˽ģһֱڵĺ
аģԼһҪȳСëԼȥƴ
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Ĭʵ˵ԣ壬ҲôðȻģȰѷŵ
վλþͲ𣿡ЦģԵֻ㣬˺޹ˣûбҪȷŵ
Ĭ֪ԼûʱͶԷ˼һᣬ˵ǺðɣǽȥһССҪ󡣡
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Ĭƽ͵˵ڽȥ֮ϣҵ̸ûԵıҪġ
绰ͷĬһᣬͷǺãҾͺ㵱̸̸ʲôҪ˵ġ
ĬҶϵ绰Ľѩһ£һȥ
ʮ׿ʮ׳ڳˣͿӿݣżԿϸ۵СݣòǱļľʴʱҲڷ紵֮ҡţ֨֨
ĬվСëǰĿյϣеˣǳɣòŶزصġ
Сëǰ֪ĬˣзĽ
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СëӵҲ֪ͣԼֻĬӡ
ĬĬһᣬʵҪôſϷҵѣ
ȰȥΪɣҾ˵ѣҲκһ뿪ġ



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Ĭ֪ǴҵɣǸƻжȷʵҡ
΢΢ͷ˵һ˵ľݺƻжĿİɡ
ҵѾ鵽ˣ¼ҵ˾汣ڣƻжĿҲܼ򵥣Ϊǵɱҵѡ
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ܺãܺáҧгݵô꣬ȻֲʶһҽĶһ˵ͬʱֶȻеǹָٻٻ
ʱͻȻһ춯صıըط·Ǿҵ𶯣÷ҳҵ
ըȫʧવǹһֹһ֧ǹ죬Ȼǻƴ
֮࣬æеɽҰǣǳȥ淢ʲôˣ
Ȼ滹ˣĶʵ̫һ㣬ȴȶ˳ȥ̽
ǽɽҰǵųǹ˳ȥҲǹ׼˳ĴźʹǱʱ̷ֹ͵Ϯ
ٻٻǹԼֻһ߶ѣԼߣȲʶĬ٣ﻹȥ˼Լ常Ůϵ뵽˺ƴ
ʱͻȻսȻ֪Ϯ˭ȴ֪ǾСëûᣬһѴǹȻָ
ΪɻڼٻٻǹҲûʲôԥˣ⶯ָٻٻǹ
ȰǹȰ⶯˰ӵһâٻٻĸ
ٻٻͿĶӵĹģǱŵСëԼ㿪ˣСëͱȻе
ûѡŶȵվСëγһǽ
ӵĸһ̣Ҳ⶯ǹİӵ˹ӡ
Ȼˣȴ쳣Ϳ׼ٻٻǹ䷽һ˶㿪ٻٻӵĹӸոɵϣǹҪٴιٻٻ
Ȼһ̣ĬȴǶһǹڵһʱ⶯˰ӵԴ
һ
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ĬӷӦеǹѾתһӵٴη˳ȥ
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һŷӦ˹ǰѳǹ׼˴ţһȴ͵ת˳ǹ׼Ĭ
Ȼոתһ˲䣬ĬѾ˳ȥǡϡ
ͻȻϮĲȣһ·˵ϣһ̣ǡð⶯˳ǹİֻӷ˵ϣӵֱ˳
ણӵѷ䴩Сҳٴε
Ĭѹסӣ˫ֽųǹóǹκвӵҲܴȫĬȻЩѹס
ʱ˵ٻٻǱ߳˹еǹָ˵ˣһʱȴ֪˭ǹ
ǱʶǸڶԼв󣬵ղĬĻ־Ĭ˭ɶʹĬ
ҪСë͵ôĬһ
ٻٻѹǹͷָӵԴ⶯˰
һ죬ҺɽĬϣоȺȺġµ˲ʧȥ˶еĳǹҲֹͣ
ӵĶͷͣðѪ˫ۣȻǴţЩĿ
Ĭû˿ԥһץеĳǹһٻٻСëѰ⿪Ȼͷɿس˳ȥ
ʱٻٻĬʼͼĬĻϸܵͬʱסʹȥ˺СëϵĽ
ŮˣҪҡСëſ͵ĵһ仰ǶٻٻĽڸղ۾֪ٻٻΪԼӵ飬ֻ֪ٻٻԼúÿ࣡
Сë㿴Ϸ𣿡ٻٻСëϵӡ
СëסˣղŶĻƺ˼ֻ֣ǣЩŭٻٻͲһŮӣô˵ƭԼ
ĿͶٻٻϣŷѪȾܵؽеٻٻ㸹ôˣ
ٻٻղűʹڼȽźͱУСëĹеʵͬ˵̵ĺˮƺƵشк˳Ҳ޷Ƿ飬һ˵СëĻУĵСëҲֿˡ
СëȻǰղŵ龰׸ղٻٻԼҲȥٻٻʵˣذٻٻӵ˻С
˸ոӵһٻٻ͵ʶԼ˿ΣһƿСëСëȥ⿪ӡ
ĬᲽӱϵǡÿ˸ղŴӳɽҰˣ˶Ƕǹ·ڣȲҳȥֲҳ˻صĬĽŲһڣһعĬһۣʵǹô£
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ʱĳǹѾͣΧָԭе״̬ҹ£Ͽջŵ̳ȻǸղűըģΧһӰȴɱ
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ԷӦǱŮӵͬԷбǱСһЩĬص˶ˣĸ򣿡
Ӳ֪ڷʵʱȴǰĬԼˣһͬУȻҪѼ֮ˡ
ˡɽָָӶһСĴ˵ˡָָղڵǳԱߣ˵Ǳˡ
ܺãжɣҰǣҺɽڻǡ˵ʱĬ˵ԴòһеĳǹȻȻԴ
ણ˻ûзӦô£Դͱӵѡ
ĬΧһۣԼڰȫشæͳֻͨ³ɵĵ绰ɣĸ䣿
Һڣͬͳ¿ǴӵĶϽǣ
ܺãƹǰǸˮأˮرߵĲݴУһˣȥɵ
˵绰Ĭֲͨ˺ͬĵ绰ͬбСڴˣǾͽˡ
Ľѩ㣬ڿɺá
绰ͷĽѩļ͵û¡
ڵǳ⣬ˣٻٻӦ֪ǵľλãǰסһǣ
˵绰Ĭֲ鿴һΧڣᲽƹһҵĻ̨ǡÿһ˸ą̊́УһЦǹȻ׼Ǹˣ⶯ǹ
ٴλҹգ˰ҽУҹٴλָƽ
һᣬǱһǹǹҲǺֹܿͣˣĬаϲһǾ͵Ϯɹˡ
Ѱ˼ھֻаСë滹ˣֻҪȥɵǣһжˡ
Ƶǳ棬ӰĴڷУȻΪ˷ֹĬǰӴѣ˿Ҳо˳ڵ쳣Ҫڣ鿴һľ
ǲûע⵽һɺĬȫĵȥӺ˵˴ǰ׵ĵطΪ˷ֹͻȻϮ˲ٷǰվ
Ǹովһ˲䣬ĬͻȻ˳
ӵʱ䣬Ĵ˾ͱһ̱ڵصࡣ
ĽѩӴðԴĬеСôˣ
Ĭ嵽ڣһƾɳ˵㶨ĿͶԱ˵ٻٻʵٻٻȷֻˣ
ٻٻʱ鼫ΪӣղЩˣɶͬﰡ뵽ղԼ⶯ǹʱĲ̱飬ε鵴Ȼ޴档˵ͷǵģϾɳˣɽºɽһЩˡ
ֻҪ˸ɵˣһжð죬Ĭȥˣó绰ٴβͨ³ɺͺͬǵĵ绰ڵõԷɹĴ𸴺һ
Ĭֻܹ˲ӵʱ䣬ͰѶԷƳʮһȫɵˣлΪҰȫ###



һʮ ֱץ
һжԭŵգҲɳ
ʱȴٻٻŸˣǰҿϵɴ
ʱͶˣѪȾԵЩɿֲ
ٻٻȻֻǰԼһߣԼϾģô常׻Щģڿӣ»мΣ᲻Լش˫˳
Сëæ׵ٻٻԱߣĴļ򣬡ٻٻˡ
ĬûмòڼٻٻϺڲ⿪ҲȥòĿ䵽ٻٻϣеٻٻҰһ°ɡ
СëͷǣСٻٻһ¡
ٻٻ΢΢ͷȻѸ¶˳Ĭæ
Сٻٻ⵽ô£ôôЩֵʲôˣ
ĬʱûйСëͣȻæ£һпٺϸ˵
Сë֪ԣΧôҲЩ£ǼȻǾӦøеңҲôĬٻٻæ¡
ʱԼĬٻٻһԼʲôûУֻǣĬ̤ݽΪԼٻٻ˸ΪԼ
һŲٻٻʱˡ
ӦǵˡĬһɣ𣿡
ǵģСǿɺá洫³ɵĴ
á
ܿ죬³˴Ӵ˽˶Ǵź£³ɺͺͬųǹͳ¿ǹ
Ĭ³Ѿνˣϴ³ɰæϷ֮󣬴һһһΣĬΪ˱ʾмó˶ʮǡ
Ȼʽȱ³ɼҲûпĬĶʮǮǴ֮˶ĬŷһĬǵľˣĬǵĲү˵ˣǶĬֱˬĬѡ
ر³ɣطֵܣȻĬֵܣĬҵ̫̫طӰӣⲻЩĬǲط˱ﰡ
һΣĬҪæһʱ˳ɽµ£С·ɽϣĬָ£ǡʱͶը
³ɴһΧﾹȻӣÿӶǱͷ²Сⶼģ
Ĭ֪ٻٻʱ飬ҪԼͬ飬»εģǵȻҴѲɻǵĹ͡
Ҳ̫˵ɣǹǹͷֽŵ¡ͬɫԵЩ˼飬С㵽ʲôǹӵĶԱɡ
ĬһЦܡ
С³ЩС̫˰ɣǵĵϸ֪һˣȴһҲĵϸ
ĬȻԼʵݸ³ɣлЩɻ䣬ǵҶ˵ˣũأڼʱ򣬺һֱѧ˺ܶ౾죬ط㣬ҲҺܶණ
СëڵСô֪
ĬСëĻ㵱Ȼ֪طˣǶʱϼˡ
СëղŲĬСʱϰ飬Ĭô˵Ȼ˼תڵСղ˵ʲôƻԵףô£
Ĭ汿ϷȻôܾ㣿
ŶСëԼʵǹģҲڶ˵ʲô
ڵСɱôˣڸôܣ
ĬһЦʲôأҸղѾˣһᾯͻ
ͬеǻˣǿɱڰŹ𣿡
Щ˶ǴˣΪˣ˵ˣﻹаȫֵعأǿסģʲôĬЦЦȻĸǵñһܣϾǵ˵ϴεİӻû˽ᡣ
³ɵ˵ͷǵģǱñһܣһˡ
ΧжԷˣ˾Χɣǰѻһ°ȫĬ룬ֵˣλԱܺһǰҲߡ
ٻٻˣץˣȻŹ˵ˣĬ⼸ɱĿǰȫֵĴмﰡѺģʱҪٻٻæṩǰȫͽ֤ء
³һ˵ٻٻȻ֪ĬʲôϵҲ֪ΪʲôܴȴûжʣͷǺãһúչġ
Ҹ˭СëѯʵĿͶĬʵںչٻٻߡ
㵱ȻǸˡĬǳʵĹؼ
Сëǿ˵ͷǺðɡĿͶٻٻٻٻʱˣһҪúˡ˵ȻЩ졣
ٻٻ˫ۺ᣺֪СëҲҪСġ
Ĭѵˣǿ뿪ɣһᾯҪˡ
³ɺͺͬߵٻٻǰٻٻſȥˡ
뿪ΧԵøˣҹĺΪ
СëίˡĬ˳
ίʲôءСëһЦֻҪƽǸͲί
Ĭ֪СëǸͦӺҲ˵ʲôοĻĿͶĽѩֱۻиղűۣϧҪ˵мĻڱ˻
ǺԼͬҪԼ˵ʲôмĻԵüġ
ȥĽѩֱϵĺۼЦЦĽѩ㣬ݼá
ĽѩͰɣǲһ㣬Ҫ֪˼飬˵컹ǸʮĴ󻵵ˡ
ĬЦұǸʮĴ󻵵Ȼղôء˵ĬвЩɵ뷨ձа
ղ֮԰ĽѩһҪһԼҪĽѩǵעΧ֮ڣһĽѩͿķ֪ͨ³ˡ
ղĬĽѩʱ򣬹ְ»һ־Ϳ·ڵʹֻˣֻĶŹܷǳϤǲĻҲطϢ
ҲΪ³ǲǡʱըһ˶Էˣ˶Է˼άöԷڻз
ĽѩݺݵߣСӽôңǻϵģ´һᱨġ
ĬЦҾҪˣһʱҲġ
СëڵС㲻˵ǻˣɱûô
Ĭ֪СëͲǷܵҪʱֵɣڵʱȻᱻصС˶٣СëˣСҪȥϵٻٻˣʱϵģ͵û˴ڡ
СëƶǶص˵ͷţ֪ˣҲϵġ
Ӻ󾯱йֵĲˣҰȫӵҲˣȫӵ¶ӳһʮ߰ӣӽһװ˵ĸͷ˫ǳɫһʯһ㡣
ӳĽѩģĽѩڳǽаȫֵ˰ΧΧȻĽѩCT08ⶼЩʲôˣ
Ľѩվӳǰһ˵ӳбе˶ǰȫڼSǱҹļϸ
ȫڼ飿ӳΪĽѩ˻еǼȴû뵽ǰȫֵڼ飬ߵߣȥϸ鿴һò߾ȻǹҰȫֵ###ʱȴǱŵ˵
008ǰȫͽӳһصʡ
Ľѩǵģ㹻֤ݡ
ӳ뵽ǰʱ###ΪٸԼжϣΪĽѩû˵ѣΪ˵ϵشǱȿ
ͬʱȴǰɻ###ɲǵָ֮һˣĽѩȻϾŮôܸɵôôˡ
аԣһԭ
ĬʹģûйϵҪҰɡ
ʹģӳ´һĬǷݳصˣԺԾȻһʵ¼ҵıĬ
ϴĬֹŵĿֲϮȻûڶγӢۣıȴֺܾͰȫֵӳҲĬ˵ĵϸȻܿϳĬ
ĬͷǵģҾĬ֪ڱԼݣǻԷºøеġ
ȻǻûеԭίɱıϾǰȫֵˣǱȿӳԱߵ˵Ȱ
ߵĬԱߣһԲһĬ˫
Ĭû˿ڿӢۣҪǷˣԷͻİԼɷ˵ġ
Ĭúӳʵ˵˵ǶôɱǵģΪʲôҪɱǡ
ƭȡǵΣȻͻȻϮǵġĬһ˵ɱǵԭһҪңЮҵѣΪҲòɱǣΪǱʮҵΪ
ӳȸǻذȫܲǰϸˣ
Ȼ֪ĬǸЩĬһܸɵôˣϵʵ̫شˣĬѺ͵ȫּơ
ĬĽѩСë˶ץ˰ȫӻĬףҷǹһԱԱĽѩǰȫعûŪ֮ǰСëȴһܺߵݣֻǸ֤ˡ
ĬǴεı֣ԼĲȷԣ԰ȫֵ˶ĬǿǶûбҪȥµĵ֣οĬпǴӢۡ
Ĭηһ䣬洲ʣϴνʱˣȻΪ˷ֹʲôˣԱǸ
ηĴϣĬ鲻Խػϴνʱ龰ʱν٣̫̫ھκͲᣬһΣ֪Լκģ鵹Ƿǳɡ
뵽С̺¶¶ǣ»һ˿ǣǲ֪ҵľ֪ұץ˺󣬻᲻Ϊʹر˼ʹˣҲӦڶεġ
ȻǣҲΣǲܰѺܶǵģ⣡
ڶ죬Ľѩ׵սѷɽʹӱϵ˶ӳܸսѣźĺѣ֪ĬˣĬһ˽⡣
ź㱻ץ󣬷ӳһֱڻҪΪź㷭һûȷ֤ݣɻ###ҪԼױ¶ԼǱȻźһ###ݺԣһֱѰһᡣ
Σ˵###ȻĬɵˣмǾ˷ܣ֪һΪź㷭###ʱǵڶһʹӱɻ˶
ȻһĻйҰȫֳֵܾʵе󣬰ȫ־ֳԳҲе顣
ڷӳİ£ĬóǴλõϣϸ㱨###߻仨԰ɱˣſֲϮСëҪɱڵĶУ###S鱨ҪϹıƻ˳
ȫȻȷϵαǻǶ˸߶ӣϸ̽˵ĬɱЩˣȻ֣˾ȻSǱҹļǸĬĻȻֲ̽###ǰĸжȡö෽֤ݣȷ###ȷʵǰȫֵͽҺs鱨ȷʵַҹ෽ı
ȫֻ֤ͨݲ鴦źȷʵǱ###ݺģźһֱѺڱİȫܲŪ࣬Ȼı˳
###ˣźǸˣټǰʱԩ԰ȫ־ǰ###ְλ
һ飬ĬԤһ֮ĬҲӼ෸˴Ӣۣڰȫڲ̸



һʮ ӳ
ȫֻˣԭ###ȻSֻĺᣬҲ˵һSˣֻһйͥˣڱϳ˻ˡ
ֻ֣ʹõļ֣ϵǽٯ裬ȻΪ˶ĿΪ
˵ǣȫֲûв鴦ɶŮٻٻٻϢΪٻǰȫֵˣѵ˽˼ϱģ壬ȫҲ޴Ӳ
һȫ־ͶٻٻĴڲˣҲûȥ׷ٻٻΡ
ЩͶİȫԱûôõˣĹǵˣǺܿͱ֯˳˳µر˼
תۼ䣬ǼѾ˰ˣʱĬһֱڶаȫܲǰ죬Ѻţ漸죬ͳĹˡ
磬Фֳܾź㡢ӳӳ˰Ĭеһܻңϸ̸顣
ФֳѾʮˣֻһ壬òǴ飬˫Ŀת䣬͸¶ľ֮ȴǿҡ
ФֳڶĬǳøУź㡢ӳ֪ĬĵϸЦЦСȻǰǰȫֵعǾͻָعְλɣ㿴ô
Ĭͷ̫Ϥ˼ҼȻܹⰲȫܾ־ֳλãҲǵ֮¶ǹФֳʵݲҪֻҪľˣٯ裬ȻǰȫԱȴ캦顣
Фֳϻһ˿ʧô˵ǲ¼ǰȫˣ
ǵģʱ飬ҲŷҲϲɵԼҸϲɵĬ˶٣˵˵ˣҵС˾S鱨ֺƻע⣬һҷ԰Ǵ̽ǵĶ򡣡
Фֳ֪ĬǿѶӶӳĸְû¼밲ȫֵ˼Ҳֻ㣬ǵͷǺãҲǿ㡣
Ĭ֪ԼФֳĿأ˵ǷģȻҲǰȫֵԱˣһȫĵİǵġ
ФֳΪĬǿ׵Ļΰ⵹õӣа룬˵Ĭάڵ״ܸΪȫְأЦǺãǵعˣǹɱˣȴԼϽȻֻɱɱˣ
ʵȫֲûʲôΪعĬʵ̫ɫˣǰͰȫôһϵФֳƺźȨ
źͷӳĬ㣬ȻǾ˫޳ɣӳҲ֪Ĭȫ£аһټԼĽѩϵҲȻû顣
عԲܼɹɱˣ
ǳȨĬаϲȨԺܶͺðˡæЦлǣһعõġ
źĬеһ˽˻жʮƽף׷СɳǰĲ輸ڷ˼Сˣ߻˼ƿơơ
Ĭ֪źǺԼɣ΢Цغźɳϡ
ڵź㣬ȻһЩϬȻһεӢµļûж־κ˺
ԸĬһơƣƱĬһɶСε飬ˡ
ĬһЦӳʲôأܹҲĹͰҪлҲ˵лл
Ҷˡź˶٣˵СѾǰȫֵˣԺòŽҶӳˣͽһɡ
ţŴ硣Ĭа룬ȷʵýӳڶְˣҪҲӦý##ЦЦŴ磬ȻְˣǲҪܲȥ
źǸõܲȥģΪϵش̫ˣֳʱߣԺʲô飬Ծҡ
ĬаϲҪŴߣԼ͸鷳ˣƱźŴ磬ģԺ֤ᾭ鷳
źЦ鷳Ļ᲻࣬ҺȾƵĻᵹܶࡣ
ʱţźеĿӣʵ˭أ
ҡǷӳ˵ЩʲôأҲӦɡ
ˡźȥ򿪷ţЦϷ룬ղűҪȵСƵģ㲻ڡ
ӳȫзǸĸߴӣЩ֣˫Ц⣬һƽ׽˵ĸоЦЦûϵڻòɡ
Ĭӳæɳվӳһ񣬹ӳá
ӳЦСӣҿʲôأҪӦ˻ָΪȫֳԱڵλþѾƽƽˡ
Ĭ֪ӳ˼Ļ⣬ֻһЦôأֻǸ˶ѡ
ӳЦݿ˵㻹ǫʲôҿǶ˽һ
ãǫˡĬƱ壬ҾһĽѩƷι壬ĬΪĽѩĵܵܣҲӦøųΪ塣
ź㿪ЦСϷ壬ȴҴ磬ƺܳԿ
ӳǾͲҵˣ˭ҪôһСΪСء
ļ䣬⣬źСϹҵ飬Ҫһǰ
ĬͷŴ磬ʲô񾡹ܲá
źȻϹʶϣ뵽Ϲңϸ˽һǵжֹǺS鱨ֺ
ǺãҾӽĬа룬ҺϹοǳаҪӽǣ治һ׵飬ҺƵͦģʱԽĹϵϹҡ
رǷɺŵĶ³½ϹεϹڣ˶S鱨еϵӳѵ
ĬȻʶϹڣٻٻɵĵ绰֣֪ϹҪƷƺͷţһرעˡ
˽Сʱ׼ɢȥһơ¶֮󣬷ӳĳضĬ˵СĽѩذɲҪ
Ĭû뵽ӳͻȻἰ飬Щ˼ЦЦ֪õѡ
ƺɡӳԿЦ˵ĽѩɲСˣ㿴Űɡ
ΪĽѩǰϼźҲϣĬܺĽѩһ𣬲֪Ĭ˼ĹϵҲö˵ʲô΢΢Ц
Ĭ뵽ĽѩԼ⣬жͬʱЩΪѣ˼¶¶͹ȥˣﻹܸĽѩҸ
ӳĬĬ֪ΪѵĵطæЦСֻǺ㿪Цġ
ĬڨڨһЦ֪÷Цˡ
˶ʮ죬ĬڴӰȫˣӰ̫󣬰ȫûаʵϢ˿͸¶ȥɱȫְָԱ飬˰ȫˣйֶ
֪ģֻһڰڰ֮ĻƴʲôģҲ͵ץˡ
ȻȫҲ鵽˵򶷵Ļˣ֪Ĭ˽ĬΪʡˣҲû׷ˡ
ĬӰȫֳûеһʱصСȥСĸС̶ǵڶεԼˣһʱȥǱƽȻСʹĽѩ֪ԼǼһܻİ
ŵ˼˼һĬһ˵ĻУСû¡Щ죬ųһһġ
ĬһκϧԼû˼ٵİӦúúò
§ס˼ӣеŮϢвͣԼ˵УҾ˼뿪ңҪһ
ĸҲΧſڣĸĬ֣˵С㣬ûܵʲôίɡ˫۵Ứţͷƺ˼ư׷
Ĭһֻ§ĸ׵裬ûܵκίأɱĶǻˣˡ
˼ȻȻɱĻˣǻץҲ̫ͨ˰ɡ
Ĭæ͵Ҳܹǣֻǰ¡
׼§ſڣæǶ˵ɣſʲôأȿȡ
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һûлؼˣؼҵĸоǺãرʤߵ̬ؼҡ
ûڼ飬ԺЩS鱨ֵҲǾˣƻ˰ȫֵע⣬Ҳ϶ؼʱţ˵̫ƽˡ
󣬾ͿԶʱ˺ˣ԰˼һ
뵽˺ãҲ֪õôˣлỹǰɡ
С㣬ƻ˼ݹһõƻ
ĬӹƻҧһڣȻô滹ƺССֵ
С㣬ڼϸˣǲǾͽ˰˼ʵ
飬ϣСܹƽȻڵ֮ϣһµģԼҲǲð
Ҳ̸ʲôˣͲǰȫֵˡĬһת˵һЩҪģȻ϶ԭΣˣһЩС顣
ΪƻС飬Ϊ˲ü˵ģҲ;˵һˡ
㻹Ҫҵ˾𣿡˵˼治ϣĬ浱˾浱˾ζҪ桢¶ӴһĬŮˣԼİűŮȻЩˡ
Ĭ˼˼һᣬŵʱܻȶ˵ɣһСá
˼Ĭ˼ĽǶϣҲˣǲСõģĵ˵ͷǺðɣڲҪ̫עˣɵöʱؼҡ
ĬЦȻ֤ÿܻһΡ
һᣬĸ׾ͰѷŪˣһӷΪḻлĬԵͺ⡣һٷĬ£иóһСƿҺúõغ
Ȼ˶ûкȶ٣Ͼƺȶ˻ģĬԼ嵹ǲ̫ںں׵塣



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극󣬸ɳϢõĵ绰ʹ˹磬ڸʲô
ĬЦղų˷Ҹ͹
ѽ˷ܵڳˣûߣ⼸Ǻġ֪ĬûΣգֻĬԼҪϸ飬뿪ĬȻ˷ܡ
漴Щߣ羹Ȼûеһʱȥң
СãԷ˰ɣҹ㣬һҸ档Ĭֵ
ˣ춼ˡЩĹĵ˵˵ˣˣҲ桭
ĬȻоõĲøҪһС̣ǵǺðɣٹ档
ʱٿɡ룬磬ǲӦûϼȥٹܣҶҪѧˡ
ĬӦҪȥϼ棬Ҳ֪ؼҿǵðɣǹͻȥ
ĬԼҲȷʵбҪȥϼһˣһԶ˽Ĭ˵ԼΪúϸĸ磬˳ȥԭҲ˽˽½顣
Щ˷ܵ˵ģǺǣʱ
˵绰˼ЦЦСõĵ绰ɣС㣬һʱܵСһܲ
ĬһɣҴӦؼңеƳˢˡ˶٣ʵС̣һȥСõϼɣҲþûȥˡ
˼Щԥǲ֪λǷ٣
ĬЦûϵģʱ쵼һٷٰµĹʷǺͬ£ǻŰɰ
еͨ˼Цһµʱ䲻Ͱ׸𣿡
ģǼǧǮ𣬿ֲҪġ
Ǻðɣʱһʣһȥء˼룬ֵˣСǧҪȥ𣿡
֪ϴ˵Ҫȥ˵Ĭǲ̫ϣ¶һȥģΪ¶ʱҪһЩС̵ʱʵ̫ˣСҪԼһȥСϼң¶ԱߣӰԼС̵׽
ȻŮʵҪȥҲܾܾϾϴ˵ҪȥʱԼǴӦ˵ģ˵ĻӦ
˼һ˿ãûж˵ʲôֻ̾һ
һӣ˼ȥϴˣĬǻصԼķ䣬˵ԡ
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ĬæԷϴּ棬ʵС̣ʲô𣿡
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˯ȹļϿˣһԡﴫ˼
طĸװԼõģڶʮˣѾ˯Ҳ˼ȥţҲֻýСˣ˵ˣС㶼ֹϵˣòżɻ顣
ĬһЦԭС£ֱӴ˯³ٻˣҪõûаĻ˵ѸٻصԷ˼һۺɫ˯ȹ
ſڣһ䣺С̣·ˣš
ǳʽģ˼һʮ׵ķ죬˵ݸҰɡ
ĬҪͷ˯µݸģ˵ĺջǰĿͶ棬˼ûȫӣһϺɫСڿ㣬ΧһɫëʽĴʹĵõչ֣رβԲƤһʵջ
ͷ㷢ͣˮ飬ˮڵƹ£Өҫ绨ϾˮӨӨ滨꣬ܽسˮϸ۵壬һһƵĸоϣðڵ롣
ȻڵסصĲλȴջĬѼŮ˵С̵ҲǵһμԱѪû
аЦĻԸа¶¶Ķֻħ󰡣
˼Ĭ´ԼݺݵصһۣСӣʲôҡ
ĬŻæе˯ȹݸ˼Цħ
˼֪Ĭ˵ԼģžһŹϣһЦСå
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ʮӺ˼صĬķ䣬˵С㣬ȥϴɡ
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طΪĬԺ˼һֱ˯ŴһΪⷿ䱻õøΪطϢھĬҲﵱԼķ䣬ǲ˼ԱߵĬ
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Ĭ˼ЩˣЩΣæ§ס磬˼˵磬Ҫ𣿡
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װġĬˮ̽ͷ˼˫档
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ڶ磬ĬصСոտŽݣþʹһ˵ĬĻУ磬ڻˣʱɵˡ
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˭С¶ĲƽϢ˵ĬĶͷݺݵҿɸˣʱ㲻׼ƫġ
Ĭа̾ƫʲôģʱѾͷ־ͺˣȻһп϶Ƶյġ
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Եĸ涺¶¶Ҫ˭Ȣ㰡Ǳ֤Ҹˡ
ȥġ¶˵˵ŰԺϹŪ࡭



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磬Ĭңµ鷿
Сˣұѩޡ¶ݺԼ˷ǳʹޣĬԼ˳ĵм
ҲײĬ˼鲢ûᣬƻᡢS鱨֣Ƕܼвǡ
֪ȶԼҿŵ˾ƻᣬԶƻҲǳӣ˵ͷţ黹ҪŬʲôҪҪ󾡹
һϼңһɷ飬ȥԭ̽һ·ɺŵ
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ģڵĹ֣ҲкܶѡĬȻ֪Υģĳܺã˾֪ˣҲһֻ۱һֻۣ˵ˣĸɹҵûԼװ
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ͬЦ㰲ȫѣЩǹͣҪǷŵϰǾǷ
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ţǺãһ
˵绰Ĭ׼صԼλãȴһϤڽԼССӵҲдһǽǵ
ĬĿͶȥǵڲԶһϣΧӣǴδͺͷë磬һʮûмǽ̬ӦǷӥĴм
ĬҲȥǵߣ磬ո磬ë磬Ǻá
ԼֵܣÿǵĿͶһӣܵɸ磬ҺĬΪ˲ģСҹɴ硣
ɸá
ţҹһûĬ֡
ĬҲ˼֣ǲҹɣҹɲԼҲȻ顣



һʮ߻ ϵĳͻ
Сһʱȥˣûп㡣ëʵ
ĬЦеæûй棬¡
ʲôأëЦֻǱϲʱҲط
Ĭ΢΢һʵʲôϲأ
ëȻΰˣӾ󣬱ǼֵܴɶȣڻҽԺء
ϴĬһССֶΣʹëҲǳʹⲻΰԵΰӾëͽ׼ϮĬǼֵܣҵΰɷ˵ؽһ٣ñףһȣΰҽԺŵġ
ΰ飬Ĭֻ˵СûзϣھëѣеҲм˷ܡ
ĬƱЦ˵ո磬ë磬лˣҾһ
硢ոë綼˾ƱΨҹûĬǰͷתǱȥˣĬһδµСƨͻһܣϽˣαضô
ĬȻҹЩˬҲܹҹɶԼ̬ȣϾԼôᣬûκ˼һڰУƾʲôԼӣ
ոҹɶĬмһˣҲ˼ڣ֪ҹɵԸ񣬶һǺ顣
СʲôƵûУеĻֵܸܼЦݿʵ
ЩһǻģƵ·޷ǴܡĲȼ˵飬Щ飬ĬǲȥģҪ·ҲǵǱˣһʱỹҲǷƵ·ЦЦĶ⣬Ӧòʺǡ
ǵæðִñȽϣϴˡ
ëҲǣС㵹˵˵ڵķ·ӣܷܲһ
ĬаЩ֪ƣôף΢Ц˵ӿƼӦúѲ֣гһȫά˾뷨ʱרΪźһЩ˾άȫʱ˵Ҫǡ
Ĭû齨ʲôȫά˾أ齨ҲܽЩϲȥ֮ô˵ȻǺάõĹϵԼûֱ棬ҲԱ鷳
ǵæʱҪˣǱ֤ṩСȾơ
ʱصͻȻͣҲҳһţ״ɢܡ
ģӣ֪˭һζ
žһĶ⡣ղǽлִҲʮ˴ҴӶ⣬ֵǣҺݺݵش򣬴ﶼʶӴ
Ĭ֪˴˳̨˹ȥȻִܵ³ǣ³ǴܵģʮŹå
³ɿǺĬһĳͬͳ¿ҲǾ䶷ѵģЩСƦӴȻռƣת֮䣬ѾѶԷ˷ŵУյðˡ
ҲĿͶǱߣëüͷǲô˴ˡ
ҹɺݺݵģû򣬾ȻҴӵ¡
Ĭԣף³ǷͻľȻǷӥˣһҹɵ£źҹʶҪ³ִˣԼҲԷ뵽æվ˵һ䣺ҵѡ漴رߡ
ʱ³Ѿŵ˰˾ŸСƦӣ¿ĲҲ˲ʣѪͣȻǱӻһӡ
ס֡Ĭһըըʹڳ˶Ϊ֮һ
³ɺͶԷҲͣĿͶ˱ϵĬΧ˸ǰעĬϣĬֻǸʮʱ½ǰԲ²⣬С˭أôֳţ
Ĭվ̨ϣ³ɵɣʲôˣ
ģЩ쵰̫ˡȵҸղʱСĲһ쵰һţǾ͵Ϸҡ
³ҲС㲻ùܣС²֡
Ĭɣˣѵѡ
Ȼѣǽˡ³ͰĬϴ󣬼Ĭô˵ҲͲٺͶԷˣԱߵĳ¿еֱû°ɡ
û£С˶ѡ
һͷվĬǰģ˵˾ֵܻû˵ء
ĬĿͶӣֻʮңԵЩ֣Ϲһƽһѽһ߳ļ⵶׺صĬģ˭ʶСӰСӸӹЩȻͱ㡣
ĬͷӿȰܵģ⼸һﲻ飬ȻҪͱңǻòͷˣȭͷֵܣҪѵǣҰɡ
СǷϻôʲôͬ˵ţҪǰȥѵͷС
³ȴһסͬСġ
ʱëҲǱߴӹˣæǴͷ˵ˣλǵѣԺΪ󡣡
ȥһƿë磬ĬĬաԣøղԼܶӣҪĬһ⣬Ҳҵӻ
Ĭ³ŭˣô۸С̫ҹɵֵܣӽҲҪѵ㡣
Դ΢΢һƫİƣһûдĬŭֵĵ˳Ĭͱ˹
ë֪ĬаΪǣĳ棬ʵڲԼС
ǵͺպҹҲվرߣȻҪɫֹĵѾͱ˹ȥ
Χ˶һУΪĬһѺ
С棬Ĭʵ̫ˣһ࣬ÿӵϮһץסͬʱһȭ沿
һ죬һҽУ˵ϣ沿ʱӵѪȪˮ˳иǲͣ˻š
Ĭţ뵽ԱߵĽǵˣջǰŭѹתҹɣǸɸ磬ղֻǵᣬ˼
᣿ҹỹҵֵܴ˵ϣ
ĬҹֿǳУʱǽǵͽѵҹɣŲʲôڰвеģȻǵԣҲһסŭ𣬵ⲻܹңȶֵģֻ



һʮ˻ ٻٻ
裬ȶϴԼϵľʹһ´ԾֳĬ
ĬûлͷֱҪԼӵʱ͵һͷһĸٴη˳ȥˤĵطȻ˫ֱؿڰҽУҲû
ΧЩֵܣĬּϴȻǿͷվرߡ
ܺãǰҲҴֵܡҹһУһСӸҿ˵ͬʱҲһѼ⵶ҪĬ
ǵæɸ磬ˣԼˡ
裬ٶӱ㡣ʱĬ֪ʲôʱӻгһǹʹָסҹɵĶͷ
ҹŷӦеĵӵһϣæֵܣҸղź㿪Цղź㿪ЦɲȥĬǹαϳ˾£ڲ
Χ˸ղҹɵĺУҪֵģת֮䣬Ȼϴǹָס˶ͷнǾޱȣľ֪ôźá
³Ҳû뵽ĬôͰǹˣаĬԸԸϲ
ǵͺȻ֪ĬǸû뵽Ȼǹһֹ¶ǼȾֵǡʱǸȷĬһһˣȲ˵˵ĳĸֵܣղֳս;ԲС˵ˣĬڹϰǹĵֻ˵㣬һĿɽʵ̫ǿˡ
ΧϻˣڼּƣҲŵþ110ûСǿɲԸΪ˵Ĵ򶷣Ĭǹӵ
һʱ䣬ӵĴװ˶ĿۼĬϣнǲ²ݣ񾯲죿ȷ棿Сƨ
Ĭߵɸ磬пǹ𣿡
ҹæССֵܣ۲ʶ̩ɽ㡭ԭһΡȻȷĬҲҿǹ֪ʱǧȥ̼ĬȻԼĻûлˡ
ֵܣ˰ɣҶԼˡǵҲȰȻҹɲǺֵܣǴҶڷӥģȴǲϣ˫һĳͻ
ոҲֵܣ˰ɣɸղҲֻǸֵܳͷ
˵ĬŻ䵽ҹɵԴԼҲǽǵǵѣ͸һӰɣ˵ˣԼȻȨҪǹɱˣӰ컹Щãеǹ
ҹʱŵɫҰףվþ˵
ĬҲˣߵͬǰʵֱͬû°ɡ
ֱͬڸղŴʱһ߰׳ĿӣȻòţȻͣѪͬϲûʹ࣬ں˵û£С˶ѡ
ĬȥҽԺһ¡ͷ˽ǵһۣǸ磬ո磬鲻˼ˣֵȥҽԺǰЩ˵ֵҲ͵ҽԺȥɣҽҩҵġ
ǵæû¶ѡ
ҹʱҲˣҧгݵصĬҪ䱨ּɻеǹҲðȻֻ֣а˼պ󱨸ķ
Ĭ⿴ҹɵı飬Ȼܹµ뷨аӽãһҪ㻹ңǾͱĺˡ
Ȼ绰
ĬȥʣȻ˳ҹ㣬ͽҽԺ
ңȳȥˣǺúչͬӡĬ³ɵļ
³Ĭ󣬶Ҳö࣬ڱĬСܵʽļ磬ȴ÷ǳ˵ͷС֪ȥɡ
ĬҽԺٻٻ˸绰ʵٻٻģ
ҸյҹſڣҪ绰
ţǺãſڵңϹ
ӺĬٴγҹſڣٻٻȻƽĴ磬ûһ˿˱ӰһòĬЦ˹Сþò
ӿò˰ɡĬе
ٻٻ˵ͷ˵Ҹطɣ˵˵
ǱиǰͿˡĬָָбһȥɡ
OK߰ɡٻٻ˵ţͺĬһбǰͿȥˡ
ٻٻһĦȣĬһŵ˱ߺȱ
СëðɡĬʵ
ٻٻ˵ͷܺãҸǰʵݣԭˡ
ĬаһһֱСëΪڿСëҪԼļǿö࣬Ҳȵöࡣ˵ͷǾͺãٻٻСëĵģϣԺܺúö˵⻰ŸоԼĻЩ࣬ΪСëԼҪˣڿྡȻúϧ⡣
֪ٻٻһЦСʵҺСëһ𣬶ĹͣҪǴμװȻֶҺҸɵĹϵĲ֪ѡ񣿡
ٻٻ֪ĬǴηԱԵģû⣬зЩлĬΪĬٶԼҸǴιｻսҲ֪ĬǹԼ͸ɵ֮ĹϵϣȴеؿĿҲͰǹͷת
ĬһڿȣĿ䵽ٻٻϣǸҲǱƲѣϣܹ⡣ٻٻЦЦûϵӦøмŶԣҪ㣬Ȼһûѣ㻽ꡣ
Ĭ΢΢ЦЦûӦ
֪ڶԸS鱨֡ٻٻ˶٣˵Сҿ԰ǡ
Ĭ˼Ӧô˵ٻٻæţҲд⡣
ãٻٻȷʵǸԵ׵ѡǴɽ飬Ͱȫֵ֮⣬û֪࣬S鱨ҲȻ֪ٻٻѾתҪٻٻǽӴܹɵõS鱨ֵڲϣʱԼǵİ㣬ܰЩϢ߸ȫ֡
ǺãһSȡϵģʲôǵжһһʱ㡣ٻٻ˵ɫһ˿ᣬԺҾͲôĺСëһˣȻǵĻɡ
СëܹġĬһ˵ٻٻҶĸл˵ģһоڲаɡ
ٻٻЦЦмʲôأԺǺˡ
ǵģǺѡĬԺʲôѣܸ˵
ȻԺҪҵĵطҲҪٻٻĬһᣬʣСһֱиʣ֪òʣ
ʲô⣬㾡ʡ
ٻٻĬȷʵѾ˰ɣҾʵݲƻˣ㵽ʲôء
ʵǰһ̷ĬЦЦӦܹҺҸϵġ
ٻٻ˼һᣬлȻ򣬻ص˵ͷЦˣǵ黹ܣǶûвµ
ڶĵʱĬſڣһͼ˼˳
Ĭһ˼ʵ˼ļ׼𣿡
һµĹʶҪˣ浱Ȼˡ˼¶һЦݣСǴʲôʱȥ
ϣҿ㡣
¶ҲҪȥɣ
Ĭ˵ͷЩھεؿ˼˼ȾʹӦȥģҲʳԡ
˼ȻЩƣûбֳݸһЦû˵ʲôһְ룬ʵˣҪЩʲôأ
ܴĶɣǳװĬĿһ棬ĽѩôæǱ߽еĽѩ㣬ߣ
Ľѩ֪ĬҪ첽ߵߣȻһЦС洺簡
ĬЦ洺Ҳ㸳ҵİҪ㣬Цó˵ҲȷʵôģĽѩİæԼͱɵˣôվǿ˵
Ľѩ΢΢һЦûӦ
ˣĽѩ㣬һȥɡĬһ䣬ҲӦúúϢ졣
һȥģҪȥҽԺ壬߲ˡĽѩϻһ˿įС濪ľˣԺء
ĸôˣĬЩǣĽѩĸײмˣĸҪٲ˵Ļͷϵνذ
ûʲô⣬ǳθ̫áĽѩ̾費ϲҽԺҪҲʮҲпܣһߺһЩ
ĬҲΪĽѩͷҲãڼú룬˵˼ȥĽѩҰɣϴұúðݷһĽѩĸĸûгͱ绰ˡ
˼ͷЦǺðȥƷɡ
ĽѩæʲôƷأȥˡ



һʮŻ ϼ
ڶɫĬþˣ򵥵һ¶Ȼҡʱϴԡϴ¶ڴ˯
Ĭߣ¶˯쳣𣬻治İŪѣڶߵˣҲӦˣ
Сʲô¶û˫ۣһƣּ˯
С棬ˣʮˡĬҡҡ¶塣
ɡ¶ʵ˫ۣԱߵֻ˿Сӣߵһ㰡Ūˣ˯һᡣ
˽ҪˡĬŻҪٲҾʹƨɡ
¶͵컹ҪȥĬϼңҪĬһ仰Ͳб¾ʹƨɰ
ѾͷΪҲңĬ¶һ˿Ц⣬¶һϵıһƴƨϡ
žһ죬ԲԲСβе԰ֱǸСƤ
¶ӽе쵰СӣҴҰҽûꡣô˵Ȼһ
ٲһ򡣡
¶ҾͲɡ
Ĭٴƨɣӣ£ƺܣ취ûһҲֻˣҵḶ́ɣ˻ȵġ
ղŰҴˣҵǸ
ããҵǸ
Ǹеɡ¶۾Цһ׸ղűǸط
ΣѾͷİҸղŴβھȻҪһףȻϲû׹ҾԲЭվߵˣһǲġ˵žͳԷ
ߣСӣ׼ҡ¶æӴаСӣһȴ϶ϡ
緹ʱ˵㣬ܲܰЩҪ˵·͸ң
ʵϾ·ǲ٣ȥ𣿡
Щ˼˵ҼЩСûжƯ·Щõ·˵Ǳ軨׷𡣡
ĬȷʵЩǰǲҪ˵·ɽŮǺñⶼƶɵĺ
һЦǺǣһȥвҪ˵·װȥ˶٣ֵСãô˵飬ҲȰЩ·ʰڿҪһʱˣ
õǰû뵽£ϲġ
¶ҲһȥҼһ˰ɣҼﻹкܶòŵĶأ֤Щϲ
Ĭ룬ȥһ¶Ҳò˶ʱ䣬Щõϼң϶ܸµЩŮĪĻ֣ǵǺðɣһȥһˡ
ǺãҴ绰Щʰ¶ԵЩ˷ܣҲ뵽ЩҪӵĶóɡ
Ĭϼɽ壬ɽ幫·ƽһҪܶණĬѡҵһԱӳԽҰ
¶Ůȥ棬ԵΪӣЯ˷ɹ˪ױƷʳƷţҲ˼ס
Ȼ֮⣬һЩϾ·ЬӵȶҲǶ˰ᣬȰжѾǾŵˡ
СſڣĬţȥС̡˵ţԼȥˡ
ĬıӰ¶˼˫ۣЩߣСʲô鶼С̣Ҳûôá
ҲǰγȻȻϲС̵ģҲ֪׻ѡ˭
С㣬ôô
ղʰһЩ·أʱ͸СµĽá
뷨ҲмײҪģ϶µأȥá
֮󣬼ȥ˺ܶƷƷ̨԰ȥˡ
¶ҳ緹ĬȥһСëСëҲؼһ棬Щæ˼٣Ҳ˺ܶƷĬæϼȥ
õϼڽʡѯ˫򷽰Ӵ壬ڰСԭкͶеĽش붫ǲһʮ·̣кܳһɽ·ԼݳҲҪĸСʱܵ
ĬҲʱ䣬ò죬ںҲģȡ˿ڸʻҵ˼ǺĬ졣



һʮ ʦ
˶Сʱĳ;棬˫ڵɽսɽȣһµĸоĬΧһVɽȣɽȺɽ࣬ʱ罭ӿԡɽϣɭԷ嶥ͷɾһ㡣ɽ£ϪȪʣˮƣˡ
ǴȥϺ羰κкܾûַ羰ˡµĵطˣĬһһ˱Ƕַ豹ĳо
ʻ˶ʮӣڿ˫Сλɽȵм䣬ϲǧЩӴֻĲ¥ߵ¥Ҳ߲㣬ͳķûȣҲΪŸ˼ԵʰɣֵԵúңټЩͣҷĳĦгֵʵЩҲ̶á
Ĭѳͣ˹·ߣ⣬õСãҪһ𣿡
¶ȵȻҪˣһûСء
磬ڽסһٻؼҰɣҽҵһЩͬѧ棬ҲԽͬѧѳ氡˶٣ֵ˵ˣأڻؼҸʰˣһȥһЩ
Ĭ˵һزĵطʲôͬѧѰȻ뷨ǰѯʵĿͶ¶棬¶¶ô
¶æðסһϰɡ
ĬǺðɣֻùݣûбݡ
ʵʲô𣿡
Ȼˣù֣ܲʮǮסһý͵ȻҲЩˣ䶼ûУ˵ԡʲôˡ
Ҳס˰滰һ룬žԼӦô˵ֵͲš
¶ȴûסһ켴ɡ
Ĭǰ룬СϼҲֻɣʱҲ֪ǧСܲܳࡣҲãһɽ庢ӵᣬԺͻ֪ڼԼˡ
˼߰ɣȥùݡ
Ĭ˵ͷַѳӻǰһСùݡùݵ¥ǲ͹ݣ¥סϰǸ긾ŮŮĬ֪ǳģæк
ùÿһ㶼һһķģһӣΪ˲˴ţĬٿǮ¥ȫҪϰĴ׻µġ
Ȼ䷿ζÿһ䣬Ůز죬¶ѡͬһ䣬˼úסͬһ䣬Ĭǵһ䡣
˶ЩˣĬķϢ磬ͰɣҽҵЩͬѧкʦʦǰôãһӦúǾһۡ
Ĭ˵ͷţ㶼гɡ
㲻ҲмͬѧڽҲǳɡ
ĬЦˣںǸ룬Ҳûйͬԡ
Ǻðɣȹȥ绰ˡ˵ţȥԼķ䡣
СϼһжԶʵ
Ĭܵһξ룬ţֲ·Ȼڳŵʱ˵ͼǵͼȴûаСĵطʾҲ֪廹жԶ
˼ʵСõѾۻᣬһҪμ𣿡
¶ȻҪμˣ˶֡
ҡҡͷǻǲȥ˰ɣǺЩ˸Ͳ죬ʱйͬԣ
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ĬãǧССЩͬѧȷʵûʲôͬԣһԷܳΣһǷֿĺãǵһỹǵ԰ɣҺСһˡ
һᣬûصĬ䣬˵磬ȥݷһʦɣ˳͹ȥ
Ĭ֪ڳڼʦչˣбҪȥԸлһʦǶŮɣʲôҴ绰
ȥȻߵ˫ѧȥˡ˫ѧ뼸סͼ׵ľ룬˼Ӿ͵ѧУס¥
ȥĵطõĳаʦʦסȥ˼ţһ긾Ů˭أ
ʦɣԵЩ˷ܡ
źܿ쿪ˣһʮĸŮվſڣŮһ۾Щݣ۽Ǵ΢΢βƣͷҲ׷òƺҪʵһЩ
ŮϸһãϲСã㰡
ʦһ˵˸ŮĻС
Ĭýʦĺã֪óеʱܶչˣڿĳҲΪ棬ֻǰ̾⻹Ǹʵĺʦ
ɣʦ飬ѽôʲôأңҾˡ
Ĭýʦļңһһ׷ֻжʮƽףɳ͵ӻҲԵЩ¾ˣȻǶǰƱġ
ʦСأÿеʦʦɷ򣬵Ҳûٸչˡ
ʦϻһ˿˸УʦˣСҽԺչһҲҪȥ
ʦˣæʵʲô
ʦǿЦһ£ʵҲûʲô˸ʯ
õһȥɡ
ʦѯһЩѧϰ˵СãСǰЩﶼûȥɣôصգ֪Ĭڵĸı䣬ֻ֪ڳ๤ǵ㹤ȴֻǶƷѣ
æʦҵŮҵ⣬°ɡ
ֻǡǵľҲȽϽЩ̫˷ˡʦһ˵̨ʼǱԾͻǺüǧɣǼҲòŰ
ûʲôСϵԵġðʦ°ɣҸĹˣҲӦñǰҵĶ顣
Ĭ֪ͨĽʦͥһ㣬ҲСȰʦʢȴջ
ʦ׼нֱߵļͬѧһԷҲһɡ
ʦҲǰѧһۣǵͷӦ
·¶һŵЦݣǺãȥҽԺʦ



һʮһ ӵŮ
ĶһЩѧϲûĬʱ䣬˵ͻصԷʱ˼Լ俴飬¶ԼñʼǱ
ĬԼ䣬뵽˼Ů̫ϤΪ˱һ¶˼䡣
֪ĬͼȻЩĸоȴ뵱ݣ˵һ䣺ȥԡ˵ž¶Ƿȥˡ
¶ùʵСãСǷ䣿
õ˵ͷʾӦ
ߡ¶˼ڵķ죬ûĬһ·ϾС˵ȫûǡ
ü¶ԴףæȰˣˣҪĬˣСһ˶µ
¶˵ЩдһЩ̾ΪʲôС̾Ͳֻܺ˹ϵأ
ö¶˼ҪȰοȴҲʵ䣬Ҳֻܰ̾Ϣ
Ĭ˼Ĵߣ˼˰ɡ
˼ȻһЦûʲôֻҪһҲ۵ġ
ĬЩ鶯ҪһֻǺ˼һǸùáͻȻ˼֣ε˼ǶԲС㲻ȫĵ㡣
˼ճĬûʲôĴȻʵ˵˫۾ȴһί
ĸоЩίСǰԼһӵаھȻֻܳٵʱԼˣʹǣŮѾչ˲ܷĵز
˼˼ҲֵôȣĬԽΣһ§˼Ľӵ˻С
˼¶¶Ҫңô㣿Ĭ˼Ķʵ֪¶ҪԼԼҲΣΪС̿δ쳣ء
Ĳ㣬ȻӦöһףǵġ˼еʹ࣬ĬΪѡ
Ĭʣؼô㣿
˼һ˿Ȼʱٿɣվҵʵ˵ġ
ʵ֪ԼǲҵʵˣҲܼ޸Сˣ֮ô˵ǲĬ
뵽Сڱ˵龰ĬоʹУҲС̸һϲӣұð§ԼĻ˼ǲ˵ԶҪģҪ¶¶һǵһλ
Ȼ㲻ܰŵһλӦú˵Ȼ˺ġ˼֪Լ˵ĻЩ˽鱾˽ģΪԼİˣҲֻ˽һˡ
ҲȷʵӦú˵ĬĬһᣬᶨ˼Һ¶¶ϵôǶ룬òã
˼˺һᣬŵ¶¶¶ƽɡԼ˵⵹û⣬Ϊʧȥһط㣬֪Լط⣬ǲܽӵģȻܽӣͿԺĬ˵Ĺϵؼã¶ʵǲƽ
¶¶Ҳܹ⣬ʵڲ⣬Ҳֻѡ㡣
˼ҡͷС㣬ǲٵ¶¶Ҹġ
Ĭ̾һҲûа취˼Ҳֿ
˼һᣬС㣬ҿɣ¶¶᲻㣬Ǳˣˣ¶¶֪ĹϵͲ˺ˡ
ǣ̫ƽˡĬЩ̣Լ͹˼ˣʱֹϵǸί˼һᣬŵ˽һ¶¶˼ɣȡҵһѽ취
ţС㡣˼ͻȻεҪӦ飬˵ûЩ鷢ˡ
Ĭæ˼ⲻ㣬ʵⶼҵĴ
ǶԹˡ˼ӴĬ̧ճյĬӣС㣬ҵİԶ䣬𣿡
ĬȻɹԼ˼֮ǰĸǷİ飬ÿο÷ʱͻԼ֮⣬ǵģеǰ飬мһ飬ʻǰ顣˲˼ϵۣصͷ˼Զ㡣
ţҲǡ˼ˮлζĹâΪ
Ĭ鶯̽˼˫˼Ҳ鶯֮ʱر˫ۡ
Ƭ촽ӡһ𣬾þûз롣
˴ʱԺУѶԷ綼ˣֻԾһΧû˵Ŀռ䣬ܶԷ顭
˵ͷ֯һԥˮĽڣڲ֪ڳһ壬ֲ㣬ң
꣬űˣĬŴ麣ջ˼ûأֻϣ˲¶
ֻǣϣˣ¶վſڣŷڷһУȪˮ˫л
߾þûзӦʵڱûţǾ͹鿴һŵģǺѡֱӿš
źĳʵʹԼİ˾ȻһŮǡ
óǵǺ飬ƺˣһϵиһ鰮
ͻȻãԼⳡսǲȡʤģԼһʵʵڵĵߣᣬỹǺܲ
ء¶ĬתͷиίתԱߵһ䷿ȥˡ
¶תıӰĬһʱҲ֪ô죬Ψ
ȥο¶ֲСʹʵΪѡ
С㣬ȥοɣںҪ㡣˼Ȼ²Ը⣬ǿȴ˵úɣǸзḻŮˣ֪¶ҪʲôȻ¶ҪԼܣ
šĬ˵ͷȻȥˡ
úǱһ䷿¶ΨһȥĵطĬķ䣬ܵĬ䣬һŹصȻſĬĴϣؿ
úһ䷿˳վ¶ڷǰһţһʵ¶¶㡢¶¶ôˣ
ĬſڣСãȥС˵ɣҺ¶¶˵
úѯʷʲô飬֪ڲʱ֣Ǳȥˡ
¶¶šĬš
û˿ӦΨ¶
ĬҡŰѣ˵ģ¶ֲţֻȡϵԿף˷š
ĬôʹԼţ¶Щ⣬ʱиģȻڴϣؿ޸ͣ
Ĭţߵߣطŵ¶ļͷϣ¶¶ˣл˵
ʲô˵ģ֪Ƕġ¶졣
Ĭ֪¶ʱľϧޣҧҧ촽˵¶¶С̣Ҳֻ˵Ĺϵϣ⡣
˵Щʲôã¶㡭㲻ðοˣԺҲᷳˡ
¶¶ʵҲϲ㣬Ҳ̫˰ɣԲ˽ĺĬЩⶼҵĴҶԲ㡣
ѸղźСĽ˵˿ڣҲ¶¶ܴܹҵԼҸ
֪еĵλԶȲС̣Ҳܺһ𡣡¶һᣬͻȻ˵һһӵģҪһӡ
Ĭ΢΢ü¶¶⻰ʲô˼ѵɵ£
¶¶Ǹഺڳ嶯͵Ůżһ㲻ʣԼԼη˷޹ϵûϣĿɵ
УһҪģվܹҵɱĻᣬһҪδ¶¶е뷨
뵽һ§¶ӵ˻У¶¶ʲôɵ뷨Ҳκ벻
¶ؽеʲôҡ𡣡
¶¶ֺοأĬȰοϲС̣Ҳϲ㰡㲻С̵Ĵڣһһӵġ
ʲô˼¶Ĭһᣬұ˹ϵ
Ĭ˵ͷǵģȻҵŮˣԶҵŮˣҲܵκ˺ġ
ߣѾ˺ˡ¶ֹס˼һᣬͻȻʵСҪǡҪҺ㱣˹ϵ㡭С̻𣿡
ʵ뷨ˣ֪Ĭ˼ĹԺ֪ԼǲĬС̵ģ֮ϵСǲܷģԼʼһֱ˰ˡ
һᣬ˵ʵпĽ⿪ȻʹˣĬô˵˵ԼлкصĵλģĺˣǻһζأȻԼܵ˺Ѿˣַǿһԣ˵Լ˺һЩ
Ĭ¶¶ģСǲᷴ㣬ΪҲҶ㸺𡣡
ǣ顭¶лкܶΪѡ
ʱűˣ˼˽Աߣŵ¶ļͷϣ¶¶ˣҶԲס㡣
¶˼ô˵·Լǵ߰˼ȻԼǸƿĬĻת˼ĻС̣ⲻ㣬ҵĴƻǵĹϵ
¶¶˭ֲϣֻܹŪˡ˼§¶ӣֲͣĴĺ󱳡
ʱϧŮһֳϧһŮ˺Ů˼ϧ
С̡¶ġ
ĬǰŮ˶⣬ûֳޣ໥ϧҲүԼˡ
һŮ˶§ԼĻС
˼¶¶ǶҵŮˣĬĬһᾡȫǺõģ
¶¶ˣԺС¹ϵҺС˹ϵ𣿡˼
ĬʹСҪò˶Ůİ⣬Һ¶¶ųĹػǲΪѡ
¶ƺͻȻͨˣС̣С㣬ǲһˣҺСǺѹϵ
¶˼ȻΪԼòԼôĶأҲĬõĽ취
ţǰĬ˼ĬҲԼõģֻǺ֮ĺãˡ
¶¶źСһԣǵ䣬ǵĹϵⰲŵġ˼Ȼʹ޹СŮܵ˺
С̣Ҳ˼ԽԵǫã¶ԽΣСӦһ𡭡
ĬʵڲŮǫȥ˫һᶨ˼¶¶ǶˣҲκһ뿪ҵġ
ʵ뷨ôԼŮˣκһˣǲԸģһ
š¶һĬ˼ӵ˼ҲûκηԵΪһʱҲҲõĽ취



һʮ Ϣ
ڶһ磬˾𴲣¶Ѿлָ˹ȻȷĬǸʲôϵǰ˼Դˡ
˼ĬĹϵȻûиı䣬һͶŨŨ⣬Ϊκı䡣
ӴλСֵԶֵ·̣ڴмú󳧣ͨĹ·úѹÿӿݣ̶̵·̣ȴǺķĬСʱʱ䡣
һɽµĴӣӵһɽ£м͹˼СɽԶԶȥ񼸵Ļ߹ɡҰﵽɫݣżһƣһҲԶĵˮӲӵر鲼䣬ʱɼһЩũո˷յϲá
ɽֱߣʱɽ˸ʱӭһŨŨζǸһǡʱɵȻС
ĬȻڳУǰ½սֱɽľɫǷǳϤģڻصֵط²ǰľǶӣȻȴ
Ŀǲ¶˷ܵǿǱߣոأ
ҲǱ߻гһв㣡
Ĭ¶һ΢΢Цݣ磬¶¶ǳ氡Ըܹ·;жһʶͻɡ
Сãǵļﰡ¶ʡ
ָָһСɽһ¥ߵש˵ҵļұȥˡָָһһƬ˵ҸļǱߣ빫·ܽġ
ĬΪҲŶôһָʱ˷򣬼ʻԽԽխС·Ƭסʻȥ
ҪˣǶ߷ò˼ЦЦǷеˣҺܾûסȽң
·Ӳʮ׵ĵطĬͣ·ߣ򿪳ŵ߰ɣˡ
ʱǡһʮкӴԱ߾ĬеĬˣۣ㿪أúϰ忪ָ߼ء˵СӣһκŮǣֵк
ĬкһĸͷЩݣ·ҲЩ׼ũк硣ڲ֪⺢ӵ֣ĬҲ֪ôӦֻ΢Цʾ⡣
ôӳЦСգֻҸкҺҴк
СýҲô㣡Ск˵Ŀⶨ˼¶ϣʵǳеǰֻڵż־Ů˵ЩҲûŮ
СգҪȥǼ𣿡Ц
СŻæȥҼڸأҪȥæ˵ţ·Ǳȥˣ˼̲סͷ˼Ǽۡ
ǰ߷ļ䣬ȷʵЩƾɣݶƬĴ飬ľãӵǽһ
¶ѷһЩɲ񣬶ʯӵķ϶ݣ沼ڼҼµķ㣬һ۾ܿǳʱû˾סĲоɷ
üͷ̲סеʣס𣿡
ЦеƾˣǺúʰһ£Ӧûûû⡣
¶ҲأַסҲǱһζѽҲȵˣడ
һЦ¶¶ʲôСֵģҲǱһζأ
Ц¶¶ֻ˵Ҫ࿴ϡ
ҶôùˣȡЦң̫ˣһǵúúɨɨ¶һɥ
ĬһЦֻС˵ЩίǣԼҪģҲܹˡ
Կףȥ˷ţһţһùϢæȶ£˵̫ûˣùˡ
ȿȡ¶Ҳʵǲ˵㣬Сȥ˼ӳһڽȥ
Ĭȥ˳ӣʪëѵӲɾ˵Ϣһɣȥɨ㣬ðѰɨһɨ˵ţͽһƾɵɨ
ɨ̫ˣȥҽһѡ˵ţʮھӼȥˡ
һᣬǱ߾һ긾ŮСã˰ۣôƯ
ˣҸҲˡг˷ܣ̣ҵɨһ°ɣҼҰ̫ˣôɨһ¡
ǲ˼ҼҵļѼܵҰȥǰӲôġ
¶оһгʺʹ̼ЦСǼһ棬Ҫ漸Żȥ
漸˵ɣȶ漸죬Ҫؼҵľˡ
¶죬˵ߣ棬бǴģ˭ֵʱ䳤
ҲŲأ湻˾ߡ
ˣˡĬеɨ㣬˵ȥϰᶫɣһỹҪʰء
æһᣬ˼ĬСʵСأϲ
ĬĿѲһܣ߷׵ĵطһ䵥СӣӦĬǰݣҲӦþ棬ǵȥ￴ɡ
˼˵ͷȻǱȥһᣬǱͻȻ˼һУĬ֮࣬æСܵſڣ˼е˼ôˣ
ŶûʲôֻǱһ֩ˡ
һᣬ˼˳ЦЦе࣬ࡣ
ûʲôȥɱɱһɱĬ˵ţȥһƿɱݣȻûȷʵһ㣬ݶ֩µëӰżԿһ糤򼣬Ȼ̫ûʹɵĺ
ڲͶԷĵطֻȦЩ϶еشŸղ˼Сµˮ
Ĭҡҡͷа룬Ҳ֪һ¶ʱ򣬶ûмĲǸķӦ
ʱ¶ҪС⣬ߵſڴͽСǻأ滹ж
Ĭεû취ܾûʹһţѾǺܲˡ
Ҫϲʱ͵ô죿
ĬСѾͷΧֻһأڻһ鰡
Ҳ˼ֻǾʵûʲôȫС¶˽˿Ļզ谡ܡʹ𣿡
Ĭ̯̯֣εû취ˣһ°ɣȵһᣬҰɱ
ϣﲻסˡ



һʮ 
⵱ͷĬϸ鿴һ·ݵĽṹܹݣһһ񷿣мһ΢һݣ᷿ͨһǵ޽ݡ
ȻͲݶƾˣ᷿ȴǱãĻҲȽϸˬһһŴ󴲣ֱһŴ󴲺һŵ˴Сʱʰɾˣü˰ѴĴ̵ϣҲܹǿסˡ
ӻͦˬġ¶ӵĴϣЦӯӯȻˬȴյ
أ߷ůݶǷķ϶ٹǵǲ֪ݶ᲻©ˮҪ©ˮĻ鷳ˡ
զզࣺɣп©ˮҪǸô죿
˱ĤأȰڵס©ˮٽҸȥŪһŪɡ
¶ݶҪȥɣƬôܳܵôص塭
ȻĹʹˣһµҺǼ˰ѹݣ˼Ū˷ˣĬǸˮһĴֻ
극磬ȥɨĹɡ
˼˿գ˵СãһȥɣʱǺһȥ
ĬҲðճţСã̫Сһٳȥɡ
磬ȥɣҺþûȥְˡ۾лζȻ⣬¶¶㣬ǾͲȥˣҺ͸һȥˡ
ǺðɣҺСȥˣǶڼĬ˵ţȥֽ򣬺һӡ
ȥݾ˾˺;ĸɡ
Ĭ֪ÿеľ˾˺;ĸĬ˵ĸĸ˵ͷţǰɡ
˼ӣ˾Ĭ˸ĸķǰĬĸͬһģ˰һ
Ĺһ򵥵ѣѳҰݣ߻һһ߲һ磬ǲǸҸʱǵķһްǰûǮ޷أڸǮˣȻϣܰĬĸԼĸķ޽ƯһЩ
Ĭͷðȹʱпˣúðǵķһ¡
˼Ĭĸõĸĸǰյǰʹܲסˣ᲻Լػ
ְ裬һˣûðɡ
Ĭϧæ׵õԱߣ§סļû˵κΰοĻΪ֪ʱҪľǾĻ䡣
ת˵ĬĻУؿ磬ĺǡ
ţҵĺСãְʱʱ̶̿߿ءĬоеŮãԼҲǸеĬԸ⵱һӵĸ磬ϣܹչһӡ
ڼøĸ磬ȥҼҿ𣡡
ȻˡĬǣõ֣߰ɡ
õļĬҾֻ߰˰׵ľ룬üשҸĸº󣬴Ͱæüҵķˣ˵ҲֻԿ˵ݽ롭
֮ĬһЩݣǼĬý֮ǰ˺ܶĲ𣬶־ϲ
̫ɽ֮¶ʵСûкľȥɡ
ֲʲôءЦɽŵķ羰ͦõģһСϪǿȥ￴
ĬǺðͳȥɣ¶¶ȥ
ʱȴͻȻһӵĽĬʮֶӡ
Ĭ΢΢һɻĿͶãʵСã˽ң
ɽ𡣡ϻһ˿ŭǼһ鷳ˡ
Ĭûж˽⣬ҡҡͷҼЩģˣ˵ϸһ㡣˵ԼЩЪԼʧöѯҲûлɡ
ý͵ֵ֣ҵĹϵһֱܲ˾չιĶ˵޵ֱȻкܶίʹޡ
ⶼʲô˰СǰôˣҾȻ侮ʯأҿǳ˰ɡ¶߷Ȼ
õǳˣǰ⹫أ˴ùμءÿе⹫Ĭ˵үү
ɽĸ׺⹫ֵܣǰΪصⷢ˲پףζĬĸΪ֮һӲûͬĬҵҸĬҪôƾһ޷֤ʵǷչҵһЩֵǮĶڵʱĬСҵС£ҲûкɼҼƽˡ
ʱһӽеĬ֪ˣҹ
ĬõɫпóɽӺĪĳޣϸʣ᷿߳еʲô𣿡
վŵģһʮӺһʮӣЩݣһɫĴֲ·̤һ˫ЬԵЩݣ򳤵ЩʵͷųņˮϴһҳϴǺɫƤЬƤЬĺģȫԵʹá
Ĭ׵ֵɽ𣬶ǸɽĶͦɽļĬҲ׵ľ룬ĬؼҵϢܿʹɽĶ
ɽĬ޷Ǿҵķѣ˵ؼңɻ֮࣬Ҳ֮𣬵һʱͶߡ
ͦһĬͼŶǣСӣȻ͵
ձĬýһ磬ôһ˵Ĭֻ͸֡и̾ǰȥݷЩھӣЩھӶǶܺãΨԼŵ˻鷳ũﻹﶷ
Ĭеŭ𣬵ʲô𣿡
ʱŮҲ˳ͦ˼Ů˫۲ͣգţȷԼûпۺʵɻõķôͻȻֻ˰ܣŮҲ̫Ư˰ɣѵ·
ɽҲɨĬļŮ۾һ˿⣬漴ָĬϴҵʻûأ
վǰȵʲôأǲǻչǼҵĶɣ
֪ڵĸǰǿƶˣɽڵҲǰˡ
ιѾͷ˵ˣǽչ𣿡ͦĿ䵽õϣ˾˼ȷʵǷǺܴһծǻûüջأ˾˾ˡ
ƨʱҲ˲ŮˣյҾ˾ʱôûʲôծ񰡣ҺҸɹ¶ˣǾҪծҿǴƭǮɡ˵ԽʹԹޣ˫вͣתҺҸ綼ˣȻҪ۸ǣǵĹ˰ɡ
ίӣĬܹ뵽ǰܵĿѣа̾ɽʵҰṲ棬ǰǰݷõЩʵڣڣԵһǾԵĵûһĿԡ
ϻ˵ǽǰǷˣܹǷǧ顣ͦĬԼȥɣǸϵָƵġ
ǽǼٵģҾ˾˶ˣôָ֤Ƶα÷ŭ˵ˣǰչεЩͳǧԪļֵˡ
ǾһЩǲҪãٿǮֱ˵ǧˡͦǻǻǮɣҽڡ
ǧǮ𣬸ˡ¶ĬͶԷִòǧԪҲȷʵǸСĿ
ŶǣǮ˰ͦлһâǧʮǰǵģϢҲ顣
թĬǧģŮĿĬڵľúܿԣȻҪĿߡ
ô࣬ŸҲͲסеŭ𣬴򱧲ƽһǧǮϢҪ࣬룡
棬¶¶Ǳǣ˲ĬĿͶˣǻǿȥɣڻƽϣһǲġ
Ĭں˵𣿡ͦвǼҵֵܶأ㲻ǼֵܰҲϵɡ
ũ壬һϲȽԼĶĬǡֻһӣǺ̧ͷģҪܵ۸ġ
ծӻ쾭顣־ҲвĬ㲻ǮǾͰ㿪á
Ĭúϻȭͷȵǰ֮ڹȻǡ



һʮĻ ԱƱ
ͦЦ˸ӣں˵𣿡ĬСҪǾʧŰ
ɽҲ¶һ˿мЦݣУĬǼ۸ث֣ѵʱΪͼ˶ͻȻ־
ĬߵͦǰٴظϸҹȻҸÿ
ͦҲһߣĬ״˲٣˵ˣԼֱܶ࣬ȻẦ¹һ˵Ĭ˫ֱǰҽǰ̣һƵӣӽǲߣث֡
ͦû˵꣬վͱĬ˦һƣָӡʱðסգŭָĬġ
žĬ˦ͦϡ
ֻһƣ̫ˡĬһһ
ͦĵ״û¹Ĭڸ˰ƣȻ̣ͻһȭĬ򦡣
ԼȭͷĬ򦻹ʮʱûжͦаϲСӣҴҰƣ㳢ҹȭʱȴһӰĬ΢һ̧֣ͦȭͷץ棬ͦȴҲܶ
Ĭ΢һͦоָǯסֱֹǷ顣ӴӴӴӴһ㣬һ㡣
ĬûͬͦһͦСϣͦСһ䣬ʱĬǰ
ɽˣоŭ֮࣬һץµһֵľ͵ĬԴ
СġŮȻ֪ĬǸ򶷺֣ǶĬǿҵĹػȴ̲ס˳
ĬͿɽӵĹһᣬɶľĹľǳĬԴȥģǴĬ淽Ĭˣľƣ˳ͦļȥ
Ȼɽһ̷Ӧ˹Ѿƣһ죬ľػͦļͷϡ
ѽڵϵͦ˻ѷεĲҽС
ɽûйȥ鿴ͦƣٴľһɨĬؿڡ
Ĭץסͦ΢΢һᣬͦӾͬһֻС㱻ȻֹʹػεĲ档
һ죬ɽеİٴλͦʹͦٴδС
ʵаţɽ𲻸ټհһ½еİӵȻ嵽ͦߣеޣû°ɣ
Ĭɿ֣ͦ˵Աߣ̵ӺԵӦýѵѵ
Աߵ¶ҲֻؽеӴӣ쾭尡ѵúãѵúã
Ӵҵ谡ôǴҰ̱ͦڵأ˫ֱܻĵطͣ
ĳ棬ҲϷ˳ƺ壬ȻƺסΪ衯
ŮԣһЦ棬㻹Ĭ
ҹҼװġĬٴκȵ
ãӲˣȻȻҴǣƣӽ첻ϵͲɽ˵ţͷͦȥˡ
Ĭߣڿ㲻ãӾó衣
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¶ʵǻȥɽ𣿡
ĬϾͲȥˣһЩһҪ鷳˲ڣ׼ǵĳҵʱôȥأ
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СʱĬ׼ߴһӵһʱ䷴Ӧɽˡ
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ȳԣҳȥĬ˵ţȥˡյŴͼ߰˸߳˹еűⵣе£еųͷǼƼֱҪүƴ
ĬǹǹŻЩûмļһΪԼҪ鷳ʱЩһ鷴ӦɳԼöܽ
Էʵǳһ㣬ǳֿȭͶԷᱻ˵һץݲ˰ϵĲ˵ʰղɽԼľȻһͷް˳ȥ
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ʱһеıⵣ˹Ĭһ˳ƳеĲ˵ؿڻȥ
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ʱһӵֹ˹Ĭһ£ȻһӵԴ
ĬѶԵЩ׾һȻƣȴ˸ա
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úҤ¶ͷϡ⻹治٣ҵϣЩú󳧵СȻСѵ
ĬȴЩأ



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극ӳһũգŲ˵ӣ䵶Ĳ¾ƫ¹εգ类ˮϴӹһ㣬һſգգ۾ϸɳ̳ɵбɫϡ
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˼ҲֶصҹסˣԵôҹͳĵƻԻȫζ
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ĬΪʲôô˸ˣΪŷ֣ȷʵرԡʱ壬ֱүĽ

Сץߡ¶ֵؽе
ĬŻæĿͶǽǣȻһֵĴߣʱڵϣŴԴһ¶
Ĭִ֪ûжҲˣҲ;סΧˣ¶ϴ˹˵ǾСŮʵ̫ˣҲҪһ
Сץ΢΢
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ˣӴӴĬץ˳ȥŰһ
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С˵ûҲ֪ǲġ
֪ǿϴɣ뿪طĺá¶еë͵һ߷ȻѽǸղŶСӿˡ
ҲӦ˹˲ͨ죬ǵùС͵˸⣬ɱߡ
ǵһθ˿ȻЩȻ˵ŭܸоЩף
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Сû°ɡ˼˹ĬץһߣһôһŪɡϴĽѩҧ˵龰Ȼľս
ĬæûжתӦð
ʱҲ˳ĬץһߣͬҸ˵öԣûжӦ÷Ұ˵ץߣǲ˺ġ
˼æţǼȥˣԶһ㡣
ĬƤһ漴ȥˡʮ׵ĵطеĳ߷ŵ˲ݴУлСԹԣ⼸ͱҼˣҵء
·;УĬԺоȻϸŸղſĳ޵ĳ棬ǿʵЩ궯



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˼Ҳ֮ģæߵСߣӣοС࣬ˣǻģְҲûµġ
˰ɡСǵǮƣĺǲܶǵġСȻ֪Ĭȥ˺ܶĹֻǸ¶ôܺ˼úϰ嶷
ĬߵСԱߣС࣬ǰ˵˵ɣܰæ뿴СϺֱϵЩ˺ۣ¸ǷŭЩ쵰ʵ̫ɶˣطǸ۲ɣ
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СĸڶɽһСΪú󡱵úúǰΪһοСุ׺һѱúѹסӣǹѹۺСุ°ˣǹѹ۵Ǻôú󳧸һǧǮͲú鷳ˣСุΪأȴҽԺȥ˰ǮŰ˻Ȼڼˡ
ȻСĸú﹤꣬ಡԼҲûжٻ¹֮ú󳧽ڵʱСุûָӣʲȫе¹Σֻ֧ǮҽƷѣʹСͥ쳣ţ˼ҽƷѣһѽǮ
Сһ˺ǲǾȥúۣڵòȥ֣ȻջĽȴú󳧴ֵһٶ
С˵˵ţĬ磬֪ңЩʵ̫ˣ㻹Ǳȥǵĺá
Ĭҧеıŭ˵С࣬Ȱ·ϴȻȥҿ塣
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Ĭַŵ˼ļͷϣ̾һ
˼֪Ĭ룬΢΢˵ͷʾ֧뷨ȺСð·ϴ꣬һһȥСҡ˼˵ţֹϴ·
ĬݵϣӸղŵɱ쳣ȥǰСŮ⼸˶ٿ࣬ȥϻжһܿǣ
ȥЩ²ؼ飬ͬĹʣֲòȥ顣
˼֮ʣͻȻǱߴ¶ľСˮȥˣˣ
Ĭ֮࣬͵شӵվɿСϪȥ



һʮ߻ ˮ
ʮףĬ¶Ӱһ֦Ϫǣˮе棬Ϫˮмš
죬ˮȽϴˮĵطǡôڼΣļˮˮʱʱ䣬ͣȥ
ǻӾģǰӾӾأûˮιӾղͻȻӰϵģûһ׼ڼˮԼӲͣȥǻ˫ֲͣҶţлذصĽ
Ĭϸ룬Ѹˮȥ¾εߣסֱۺỮ˼£Ӿ˳ˮ˰ߣеϺŴˮӷתͣĴĺ󱳡
ʱ棬ȫ¶ͣˮӻ΢΢ţȻղűŵʧǡ
ȿȡ³ˮһܡ
ʱ˼áССٶǱ߹ˣ˼æеСû°ɡ
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Ŷղǿˮ㣬׼ȥץһŻˣ͵ˮȥ
ûˣ㣬ؼһѰɡ
Ĭǻȥɣ˼СãȻһȥСҡ
˼˵ͷǺãȥ·ϴꡣ
ʱҲָ˹Ȼȵİ£ʱ糿ȫ·ʪȴǸоЩ䣬΢΢š
߰ɣȻؼҡĬǰ棬첽סȥˡ
Ӻ˾ͻص˼УʱѾȫָѣǽһ᷿ѡ
¶ĬһƤЦС㲻ɡղĬѹǱȥ棬ȴ飬ȻЩĬ𱸡
ĬҪ¶ʾģڼǸаףﻹģЦЦ´ҪˣȻҴƨɡ
ߣҡ¶һ۾һɣһҲŲơ
һᣬͻ·СղŶлˡʱȻмֺ£ҪĬʱҲ֪ԼҪǺˮ
ãԼûлιȥȻĬԼ˹ԼĳǲͺͿظ˶
ûʲôĬЦЦʵСϪͲԼԺһҪپš
¶ڵС˵Щʲôأǻˮ
Ҳ˼Ĭæֻһպٳ⡣
ţ֪ˣղȷʵˡ治˼ЦЦ´α֤
ʱ˼ϴ·ˣǽѯûд󰭣Ȼ·ɹڰϡ
˼СȥСҰɡ
ĬǺã¶¶棬ڼϢϢǳȥһᡣ
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СĬҾֻٶ׵·̣Ӿ͵Сңһһ¥һ׵שǰİҲˮأóСุ׳֮ǰͥͦġ
Ĭ˸ոߵϣСӭ˳һ˵ǿȥɡлŲƷСý㣬ʲôƷأ˷ѣ
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ݣоһɵҩζ˱Ƕõĸ״᷿߳Ĭ˵æض˲赹ˮ
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Сĸ״Ĭ˽᷿ʰ˴󴲵Ķ棬ɡ
᷿ҩζŨˣһӣ˫Ȳ˰ײһһϢӡ
ĬûеСĸѯ˵Եɣ֪˴ʱҪȥʹ᷿࣬һᣬĬŽСĸװҩĻᣬ˳˵̣˻ûȫڼпܽһȾģʱ»֮ǣҿǰ͵ҽԺȥɣúϣ˵Ժ
ȥҽԺҪҽҩѵģľֲ֧ˡСĸɫȻѾ˰Ǯˣù˼лǷծˣʵûа취˵ˮǴǿɬ˫ۻ
ʵֺγɷβֻڼҵͰжǮɷβˣܽѶˣǮɷҽΣ
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Сĸ׻Щɻ󲻶ֻǣֻҲҪЩǮģҪˣҪʱô찡˵ˣǡһʱǻˡ
̣ûҶǵİ
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ʱСҲ˳ĸ׺Ĭ̸ۣæʵ裬ʲôأ
Сĸ˷ܵС࣬оˣĬԸǮأ
СȻͲµĬ˻֧Ĭ׿˵ǷǳмĬ磬лˡ
СĸְĿͶĬСҾûǲȥԭˣϷʵ̫ˣҽԺȥɡ
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ֻǡֻҪЩȥҲû򡣡СĸЩΪѡ
Ĭȸʮɣٸǡ
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ĬЩˣæȥСĸף̣Ҫ
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ţֻҪŴţɽҲڴŰɣ˵ˣҲ֪Լټҡ
ȥϵ·ãҳвˣĬ÷ǳȷ˲Ϊ顣
Ĭ磬ڹʵ׶Ǯһ°С
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ڵµʱ°ĬĹʴӿʼĶʮǳʮȻ¿ͷ˵Ǹʮһ£ʵϣѾνٹˣΪ¸һŽ𿨣ҪǮȡ
塭򡭡Сų˶쵰Σþûк£
Ĭ㲻˵˿ôǮСĸҲЩšǿȥ򹤣һǧǮǾǷǳˣһǧǮǾǴĽĸˣĬнȻҲ̫һɡ
ȻǲûлĬĻͶԼҵ֧ѧϲĹ¶ȷʵƶ¸ˡ
ĬЦЦҸһϰ忪أϰҺܺãԾ͸Ҹ߹ˡ



һʮ˻ 
ԭвʮ๫ľ룬Ĭò죬СʱŵԭУСุ͵ԭҽԺ֮Ѿʮһˡ
С࣬ѾǽҽƷѣпﻹȷϰɡĬ˵ߵݹһпȥ
Ĭ硭С˵ţҪ¹
ĬæֹСĶС࣬ñ˿ãҶ˵ˣҪмʲô˶٣ֵһе飬ȳȥˣû⣬Ҳɣȥú󳧵ˡ
Ĭ磬ҪȥЩú󳧵˰Сɫһ˿ǣأǶǵģǲҪȥ鷳ˡ
֪ľˣзִ硣
ҽԺĬ뵽˺õ飬˳Ƶĵ绰
С绰ͷ
ҡĬʣ㣬´𣿡ÿκͳ˵ȷ½Ա߲ȻЩǲ˵ġ
ڡƶ˶٣ʵСʲôʱܹԭ棿
Ǵγ֪òǺ½Ů֮ͺмĬһĬ֪ˣ˵˵ҲԼѹֵͷͷţоĬ䲻غϣĬܰע⣬Ĭԭȥ͡
ھԭʱǳԸɡ
ԵЩ˷ܣʱ䡣
ҽԺ棬Էĵطɣڹȥ
룬˵ɣ⳵ȥĵ԰·мɲſڵңϳ
Ǻãһ
ڶԭ죬ĬûԼȥһ⳵Ӻ͵˳νɲ
ſվһСᣬһ⳵ϾһŹʵǳƣȻΪ˶ĿԲûԼ˽
һɫ˿ƳȹļðβزյļΪԸУɫĴΪ޳۽ë֮䣬ֳŵĸ߹ϣʱڵסİɫñӣŮ˵ġ
ߵĬǰ΢΢һЦõˡ
ҲǸյȥɡ
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ƼˣѲ˵ԱԱߵĲˮһڣ˵СҪߴã
ҽҪȥĬϻһ˿ʧæҹҪԷֻĽ
ûұüҡͶһǸ񣬡СϴϺ飬ұöЩƣ㲻Ҫϡ
ʱۿĬϹεıڴܣĬǴλϹεıڣó϶ĬǸˣϣܹԼһ֮
Ȼǳв˵ģϵ棬Ҳ˼Լҵ֪ˣĬ֪飬ԼģȻŵùĬ
ǴϹε飬Ĭеŭȴɵ˵ͰǼˣòŰǸ
ţǾͺá룬ʵС书ôãõڰɣһԱСðΣ԰Ҳ̽һɷжǲ뺦á
ǿ鵱ڵϰĬа룬⵱ñڻǸע⣬һԱõİΣԽ˲̽½ĸжԽҴĿԽӽϹҺƻᡣ
ֻǣǱߵ⻹ûȫŪ˵ˣҪǵˣҾͲʱʱ̿˼¶¶ˣǿ϶᲻˵ġ
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Ĭ֪ƿеľ޴󱨳Ǹ֣Ȼ̰ͼʲƲܻһʴĲƲԼܹһСֿˣЩġ
ҶǱ߻£ʱ߲룬˵ɣôӸ۶֮ٿ顣
ƼĬɿڣϻһ˿˷ܣǺãҵĺϢ
Ĭ˵ͷʵ㣬ɷڵĹϵôˣ



һʮŻ Ƶ
һֱûаҶĻɱֳûа߸ãԺĹϵȻǰǰ㡣˵ƲԼ̾һֻڴѾʼˣرϺͬʱһҪǿջЦ֮
ĬȫƵ飬Ȼͺ½Ƿ޹ϵ½ҪŮȻὥֲܰ鷢йԹҲԽԽ
㣬̸һ̸ɷĹȥ𣬻Ǻ׵ĬЦЦȻ㣬͵û˵
Ȼ֪Щ⣬ϾǳƵ˽˲Ը˵ԼҲǿ
ûʲôġƳһᣬ˵ʵʱϲ˲Ǻ½ҴѧһŹյͬѧӴʼҺȷϵҵʱǸǵ̸ۼ޵ĵزũͥΪ̫ʵˣҼ˼ͬŻ£ҸΪҺշֿǸҽһѵĶӣҲڵĺ½
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ĬųƵĿЩͬ飬û뵽ǰٸҲô಻飬Լ氮û׷󵽣ڸΪȷʵһŮɱ顣
Һͺ½󣬾Ը񲻴ҵĹػ΢Ҳ𽥶˺øУʱŹΪҪȥˣҺҲԶˡ
Ĭа룬½αװͳ鶼ôˣû¶Ŀôõӡ³͵ܰҲ֪ҪʲôʱܿĿ
ֵŹվȻڹ˳ͻȻȥˣһ涼ûܼ˵ɫЩмΣ黹ҵĲٹΪң߾ͲҲͲ
ˣĬа̾һô˵õѾˣĽҿһܵС˺ġ
ڵȻҪҴ½ĿȻվɥС
ĬȻóǣֲò㣬ɷҪӣǰɣ
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Ĭʣ˵˵ɺŵĳֹɱô𣿡
ҳֹɰٷ֮ʮģ½ֹɰٷưˣɶ͹С
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Ĭ˵ñӵģǳȺŹҲȫдñӣָ˿ڡ
Ȼ֪½˼ǴӺ½Ը³ɡԼ½S鱨ֵĹϵǸխرСˣڳǰαװһˣȻǶԷɺŵȨͼı
ĬķɫøӳСȷʵأϣܹõڣҲðҽҴʵĿ
ȻԸź½а񣬵ֲòţϹǰҲѹĬ˷ϵԼ½֮飬ɵЩ顣
ţҾǡĬһϣʵ㣬ʶϹˣ
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ǵġĬεĿͶƣ㣬ϣܿҵϣҪǼƽǴεˣ𣿡
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û˲ˣصٶȱʱöֻ࣬иһСʱͻص˷Ӵ塣



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صʱĵӣŮʱ᷿ԣĬĿۼϡ
üĬæѯСุ׵ĸ֪Сุ׻пܿŰһ
Сڴô죿˼֪ĬҪСֻعлЩǡ
С˵ɡĬȻ뾡ΪСֻุع飬ҪڳУֻܵС˵
磬˵δĶӽ飬Ҫȥһ𡣡õδǰڵ峤ʱ򣬸ǰ٣Ӧȥһµġ
ÿеĺδ壬ǷӴǰĴ峤øĸոѣδ峤òٰæ֯丸ĸ֯üҵשõǮ
ĬȻ֪δЩôǼȻд飬ҲӦȥһˣϾһٷҲ˶ʱ䡣ǺðɣȥһˡĿͶŮҪȥ𣿡
ǻ˰ɣЩ˶ϤʵЩ˼
¶Ҳǣ⼸Ůȥˣǲ˼ķͷ𣬵ʱǴ峤϶ǵġ
ˣŮأ˵Ҳ
¶ЦֻһŮܸ˰ɣܳƵŮ
УҿǿķǰɡһǰҺĽɫһ¡
ȰС̣ǻһȥɣδͦģǿ϶Ӵ˵ˣǶûмũ飬Ҳװɡ
¶ҲЩȥ˵ѯʵĿͶ棺棬ǻһȥɣôˣЩ˲ϤҲеΡ
ҶҪȥҲ˼پܾ΢΢ͷͬ⡣
ڶʮӣ˾ʹӼˣһһĺδ峤ȥ
磬һͶ񣿡ʵ
Ͷ񣿡Ĭ΢΢һӦͶ񡣡µϰߣҲֻ
δǰͦõģڵļͥҲһ㣬Ƕ͵ɡ룬̽һǧвУ
¶һǧ̫ˣǧɣһһǧǧһ·ǮԷȻжӦö͵㡣
ǧʵǶ˵ɡЩΪѵ˼ŵġ
ǧɡڵǧӦñȽϺ
Ĭа룬СѾͷǮļֵۺũ岻һǸͲ֪ǧǮũͥ˵ζʲôȻδ峤жҵ峤ʱֱһҲûʲôǵ˵ͷǺðɣǧ
߰˷Ӻ󣬼˾͵˺δ峤ԱߣӻмʮԶͿ峤ǰ˺ѹѹһƬˣڿǽڵһ棬һС͵ֶӣڳŻֵĸ
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ιʲôŮӼӴ˼ˣԵ÷ǳӴһѡ



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ĬˣƹĿ⣬Ů໥
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ãֻݵģվҪصȥʱҲ鷳ˡ



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˼ŮҲ׷׹ĬΧסȰοҪΪա
Ĭ̯̯֣һЦǷģҲŲȥһŮƽأ



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ںδ˵Ľ£ĬǰԭΪúڲú֮Ϊ˽ͲɼɱûлúֻһЩľ׮֧ţȻԽͳɱȴԵʲɾ޴˺˺ر档
һڵ³˿նϲͲˮˣһܶˮú͹ȵľˣׯֲȷˮҪںԶĵطȥѰҡ
ڶúնֻľ׮֧ţ֧Էǳʹõرв̶ͬȵİݣһϵķݵػͻݣепΣգʹþסİȫԵòϡ
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Լú󳧸浽棬Ͷ߶ʯ󺣣û˿Ӧ
󣬾ֻܰϣýϣǸʡﶼ̨绰ͼżǶԷƲ㱨飬Ծܾˡ
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Ĭ˽쳣أ뵽Сุ׵飬¶úϰʹޣȴǰģΪֻعҾûسǡ
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Ĭҿɣһȥú󳧵ˣǵš
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⼸Ҳ׷ȰĬȥǿ־УĬܹǹȥ
ĬߵҵҪúϰʲǫ̂ӣһ군
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ʱͻȻţһ긾Ůٵͷӣˣ峤ˣСѾǳˡ
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ĬҲվźδԷոߵ̨ϣͿΧһˣһζĳȻδĶӺαѾµ˶



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ŶǣΥҶҴС峤ŭαٷϻȥɳܵ飬ΥҲΪǡ
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Ǹåϴ峤ұָָԼӣһƵ˵Ұ־ʹҡŵӣڳκһ˶ȥĳ嶯
αŭˣϴ峤ƣҲܲסŭ𣬾Ҫʱαĸȴһס˺αֱۣˮذС󣬲Ҫ嶯Ĳˡء
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αԼ׵Ů˰Լ˫ŤסôҲǿ濪ǣֻװģؽе裬飬ǷſңӽɡԽԽСȻЩ졣
Χ龰쳣ŭҶɻæֻǴαļֵܻʵڿȥˣȭͷ׼αѵ
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٣ڸʲôһ䣬ǹŴˡ
һţһһװĵվĬǰ˾Ϊú󳧵ĿسǱʮ߰ӣЩߴ󣬵ȴЩ֣ʵ޷ͿعԱϵ
Ǳߵİ칫ϣһϤӰ챻ĬѵʱԴֱ۶űʯ࣬ԴбſڴһӲдӡ
ؿ´ĬһۣȻְĿͶĺαˣʵ룬ʲôǶѵǻҪҡ
ǽкûؿ󳤣ǸĬһӡ
ޣԭ⡭ϳĬĬײУ˿ڱߵĺȴǿȥ
ؿ󳤼Щ˺ţȵιôҴȥȻҲ
Ĭûؿ󳤵ĽкֱԱߵһϣ˵ؿ󳤣ǽú̸̸⳥ʧ飬Ҳˣ
֪ĬڼԼԱߵϣŭŵ亹ֱȴһ仰˵
ؿǼˣղ˵ڼĬţȻµ˵СӣЦСȻȭŹ򣬵ǵĵ̣ǵ˾ۼˣСӷǱǺúʰɡ
¶ɫĬĶ棬ʵСӣ˵ô
ǽкĴ˵⻹˵𣬷ǷݳģǶǷȻҵػ޷ӡ
ؿЦǷӳ⣬ӦǸʲôиë
ؿôһ˵ǼؽеǵķΪúҪģȻӦ⸶ʧҪ˺ôܣô׵顣
⼸Ҳǣ׷ĺǣҲŹǵģǱøһ
յģҪǲ⳥Ǿǵú󳧸ըˡ
ЩǰҶú󳧵˽ģѾʱˣҪٲӲһ㣬ΨһĽ޼ҿɹ飬˵ˣǼʶĬҲһС
ģһȺ񡣡ؿ󳤽еǽըˣҵҪʲô˳
ĬǻңæһƣȻ˵ؿ󳤣װˣʵζ֪飬˭֪һĵˮʧ;ݵú󿪷ģһ仰ɣ׸ôһ°룬쵰ҲأǶؼ˵
Ǻãҽ˵ˡؿӣҪ⳥Щķؽǲܵģֻ⳥ˮʧԴɵʧҸղźϴ峤顣
ǿ²⳥飬ôԸҵɣĬߣ飬ˮʧ಻ʮ򣬶ڶܺ˵ͽ˶⣬˵ˣϰЩǮ⳥峤Ǯ¶Ǽɡ
Ĭô˵ǳƻ˴ĵػݽṹǲ⳥ˣ
ôؿ󳤽еСӣҸ˵˰ɣϰĺ̨Ӳأ㲻⳥ǣܰô
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˼˵Ϊк̨ΥҲ£Ĭżơ
¶ˡؿȰοĿ˵СӣȰ㻹ǱǶˣ㲻ֲã³
вҿǴСвгģԽвԽĬЦҪƫƫҪأ
ؿûӦĬĻǿߵ̨ϣĴѾŻͷеûмôʶȤˣǷᰡ
ҿǷᡣĬװҪ׷ȥӣŵؿ󳤷ɿ¥ȥ
Ĭ֪ԼҪȶ֣Ǿ³ˣû׷ؿ󳤣µߵ˰칫ſڡ
ʱĸߴѾ嵽̨ϣǸղĬ¥ı˸ɷһѽһ߳ĿŽ׳ĸֹܣǰӣƺǼ˵ĴͷϴſڵĬͣ˲ӣһ˵쵰㵷ң
СӵңǺúøѾ㵽˺ؿ󳤽е
Сӣ˵ܴбµյȥôʰ㡣ͷӽе
Ĭûа⼸˷ʹǵ˿յأҲܹӦǣǼȻԷԸƫƫ㣬ңխ̨ϴ򶷣Լ˵ĻҲҪСһЩ
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飬ȭڳֵӵ沿ʱҲһеĸֹܣȻһ˹ȥ
ȻʱǴͷϴͻȻӻһ77ʽǹǹͷһʱ׼Ĭ
ĬǰȻǴú󳧴ֵû˵ǹЩһǰԸһʱ򣬴ûչʾǹ˴ܵĺ֣Űǹ˳
ҴǹĶǸǹĺ֣ĬȻҴ⣬ľ֮࣬һţ˫ͬʱӾȻԾ̨ĿС
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ҪǹͷתеĬʱĬղŶǸѾ˳ȥһ֧һӵؿڡ
ĬǿԴģ֪ӶԴԷпȫ㿪ؿڣӾûô׶㿪ˡ
ӼֹȻ粿Ǹֹǰ˻УӲԼһ
ʱĬѾ䵽˰УڿеΣ˫ȳΪ״ȫۼ֮ϡ
˫ŵصһ˲䣬˫һҽĺ㣬Լβ䵽˵ϡ
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ңЩǳǹףԼά壬ҲܸκΡ
Ϊ˲ӵǹ䵽˵УĬ˳һǹĵطһץǹ֧ȻԾվ
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ȻͺܻÿζץڴץȴǷǳѸ٣Ӿ͵˴
ͲûзȣĬ֮ͣȻҪббһ˲䣬ĬѾץסڲ࣬͵һӱ㷭ˣٴλص̨ϡ
ʱĸѾ嵽˰칫ںαһǿ׳ĴһӣҲûҵһʱȥ
Ĭվ칫ſڣ˫ǹ׼֡
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תĬȵ
˻תתʱԾذ˫־Уһ̵Ĭһħǿֲӵʱпܴǹͷ
磬ǵ°ҰɡղǸȽŽѵĬĸ߸ȫ˫һȻ˵ϡ
ǰǡҲǻڷԡһҲŹ
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һʮŻ ѵúϰ
ɱ˵飬ܿ쾪ӣǹɱú󳧴ֵͷʵ̫бըˣοɱ߻ʱĬ
ĬǲںǵΧۣɱ֮ǰʣµ֡سǱʹ峤ƵĹ·ϣΧΧ۵ϰڽеЩһƽʱԵУȴֻڸһᣬ񾯵֮ǰǺݺݵؽѵһǰɣֻҪŪκ鶼ҵ
ȻȷĬΣһ˾εοղɱ˴ֵϴǰǴسһڶ˳µس˴ҵľڴĬ˵лѹԹһ̱ѿ׷״Щˡ
һģ⼸쵰Ǵΰֵȶˣҽôѵǡ˵ţ˳ԱߵһֵľһͷҰţȥ
飬һ죬һӷ໵ĲҽС
Щ˵ҰʮĸҲҪҽƴһʮҲ
½ģĸǿţӽҪ㡭
һƬңΧһΧ˼ʮ񣬴ȫȭߣе˺ҧЩ˵ʹ֮
һ㡭
ĬҡҡͷҲ֪ЩųĴǰܹ۸
ĶѾʧȥ˿ƣæѵһ㣬Ūˡ˵ţֶԱߵĺα˵磬ϸһ㣬óɣҪ©κһͷ
αĬô˵æѷͷȡ˳ʵһú󳧣α͸͵ĺ¼񣬶ղĬؿ󳤵ЩԻԼĬͶԷͻ̣α
ʱΧĬߣѯԭί󣬴ھ̾Ĭ׿Խͬʱ׷Ϊ
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ܶԴһУʱѪԣеŹΧм䣬еǰǱߵľΧסˣûдĬôױץߡ
Ĭ֮Ըɳһǲ;췢ͻҲøԼ鷳ǲôͰԼչֳһúϰĺβ;ͻȫչ¶ͬͺ̨Ҳ¶ˮ档
ʱôΪԼ飬е¹Ͷ䣬֪ڴӵĴ˵Ҫ˫ȴǲԼıˮ
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ͷĬɫ⣬ȻڶԷ̬ȣ˵ȷʵǸк̨ˣԼǶĺáȡݸĬһֺ֧õֵܣ֧̰ɡ
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ĬʻϣĿԱߵĽѩĽѩһɫְҵװȻ·ȫѹЩͣһȻĿռɢĵܰ㣬Ĭһˬ
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ΣôʱְҪҺĽѩ棬һҵģ뵽еţˣҺĽѩ˵ء˵ߴ򿪷š
ĬĽѩһ߳ϻһ˿죬漴ͻָɫ˼ЦЦ˼ˡ
Ľѩȥһ˲䣬ıӰͻȻʶʲôŮĲǴκСһҵŮ
뵽¶ĽѩһмΣмԭȻΪԼΪǹ˺Լ׷ǹʣûκͼıȴðΣԼһǹݶʵڲС
ҪǰлĽѩĬ˵Ҫ飬Ҳֻװʲô֪ӡ



һٰʮ ж
Ѿԭί̷ϰ˵ˣȷʵǸᣬ㲻ȥ̷ϰҲԲ׷ģҿ˰ɣԺΪԴҶãأ縺ץĬ˵
Ĭ
΢΢һüͷֵ̷ϰΪ˱ʾ⣬ԼԸ㿴ô
űҴˣϾҪҳԷҿ̷ֳǻǸ꣬ûİɣĬɫ˵Ȼ⣬ȻӦøӣϣҪ׷ҽ飬ϾҲŭС
ǵȻֳЦ̷ϰΪ˴滹ͦģᣬֲκˣô׷
һǸխرˣҽô裬ôܾʹ˰ݣĬ°ЦȻҽͣҲӦøһᣬҪʲô
¥Ĭʱ̷ϰѾʱ̷ϰ壬ϲɴָذڿɴȻɵƺء
̷ϰĬݣϵʹ飬һƣ롣
ĬһȴǿЦһ£Ȼ̷ϰԱߵλϡ
飬֪ǸᣬҲϣִɡ̷ϰƱĬһ˵ⱭҾģǶԽȶִʾǸ⡣
ǣװûͦģĬЦЦҲܻϷģǽϷɡƱ̷ϰ̷ϰ壬ȷʵǸᣬʵҵʱҲ̫ˣˣ׳嶯
㣬㡣̷ϰЦǾ͵ʲô鶼ûзˣµҲҷɱģûκΣ
̷ϰǸ˰ĬƱ̷ϰ壬Ҿһ
̷ϰһ£ЦǴ⳥飿
ĬæҲҶ£ǰֻǰһݳ㵽ʱǮݾˣҲܲôࡣ
̷ϰ¶һЦݣǺãǺãǱ֤ú⳥ݡ
̷ϰ彫һĿڴݸĬֵܣ⳥ݵʮ°ɡ
ĬЩܳòôģǾǷҪؽ͹ˡ
ûϵȻԺѣһһʲôء̷ϰһϡ
ȻҲˣл̷ϰˡ
лأһݻ𣡡
Ĭѿڴס˿ĶȻһİԪ󳮣˵ʵûпôֽԼϵĿȻòǮֻǸֽ֣ĸйٴ̼ȫһ
ȻҺийٴ̼ϲΪ֪ڶʵڵʹ໻İһһЦ̷ģΪĬǿǮ𡭡
̷ϰļȻسҲסϾĸú󳧣ʱҪϹҹġ
̷ϰסλڽֵ棬һ¥СϾŵʱ̷ϰĻӭһرˡ
˲ǱˣǴαĬѵͦҲĬͬһֵܣֵܶĬǺ֮ǰ챻Ĭˣ͹ڻĬڴôĲʣȻʣּټĬԼĶ򣬾Ȼת޾ԩ
ͦԼɣÿ
ͦɳ棬ʺ̷ϰ壬û°ɡ
ģڻ׵ģϻǻ쵰Ľӡ̷ϰҧгݵ˵ӳô󣬴ûбôҲͲˡ
ǣĳӦüӱͦɫ¶һ˿Ц̷ϰ壬Щطܹ㣬㾡˵ˡ
̷ϰȰĬľ˵˵ɣҪ˽ĵϸ֮󣬲ҵԸǡ
ͦĬϸ˵һ飬ĩ˵ȥʱСӻʱ򻹺ƽҵʱһƣûзҲ֪λô׺
ôܣ̷ϰ΢΢üһݣСӲؾôᱻ򡭡
̸һ⣬ȴǵóûĽ̷ۡϰһڲˮ˼㣬ϴ˵СӼмŮǲģ
Ȼģôƭ㡣ͦ˼Ů϶ʱֳһ˿ɫʵ̫ƯˣǰûмôƯŮˣӵǶȲϡ
ôƯ̷ϰϻһ˿ޣСӵ޸ǲǳﾹȻô˶ͦʣŪǺС֮ĹϵûУ
ϵǲȷҿǼĬĹϵܺãӦòӾֻ˰ɡ
쵰Ȼʲô̷֡ϰһӽѾ쵰̰ܻߵ֤ˣҲͲҶˣھͿôʰɡ
̷ϰ壬ôԸͦ
ȻȴŮ֣ͦҹȥúðҵһǼŮ˵٣ĬҵᣬҾ˰ǼŮץ̷ϰ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʱӷǰǼŮȼɱɡ
ٺ٣̷ϰ壬Ǽܸ֮ܲһ¡ͦһЦݡ
û⡣̷ϰʱµֵܶãֱΪ֮ߣСӸҺҶúйϵ˶Ҫ꣡
ֻĬȷʵ׺˵㣬һǸƨؾͦǵ̷ϰ壬뵽Ը˵İ취ûУҪоص㣬ֻҪ̷ϰͲðİ
̷ϰЦ⻹𣬲о仰ǹ׶㣬ѷҵĵϣҪ̷ɱı¶ûУһƨ
䣬һ̨𣬡̷ģûˡĬ䣬ĬʹӴ˿棬ݵվǰ
ĬͲ鵽̷ϰסľλãɫ֮ĵԲ̷̽ϰһ̷ϰղŵЩǱͶ̨Ĭһ
Ĭ㡭ô̷ܵϰĬֶΣ϶ʱ˾֮ɫ
ͦҲŵʧǣսսĬǸղֻ˵˵ҪġĻѾû˵ˡ
ˣҷϻˡĬ˵ţѾӻͳǹ׼ˡ
֪Ĭǹǹ׼Լŵû겻壬
ǺãԼֿ֡Ĭһ
һʱ֪ô죿Ը⣿ĬǹͷҪ⶯ӡ
֪Ĭпǹĵɱ˾õֻ֤нӹԸ
ܺãĬ΢΢һЦڣһϷʣµһֻȭͷͶԷԴ򣬿˭˭Ӯ˭Ӯˣҽ˭Ĺ
˶һۣҧгȴֲҶ˵һԹĬĻ
ǣҪԶְĬδ䣬Ӿߣ˵ز͸
໣ҽ֮˾˵ϡ
Ĭҡҡͷ̫ˣӻûдأȻ˹ȥ
һɧԼӣ
ʮӺܻһͦ˹ͦҪкɳϵĬȴһŲȵؿϣζһеˮͦҪҽһҾϻһ
ͦæסڣ״˵Ĭ㡭ҪôܷŹң
ҺҲûжĳֻҪҹҾͷ㡣Ĭͦǰζһ£аЦ˵ɣ̷ϰ巸˶£֪Ķ˵˵Խ࣬ҾԽпܷŹ㡣
ҡҲ֪ͦҡҺ̫죬ֻΪ飬šҵġ
˵ʵĬߵҾȰ۾ڳ˵߰ѵͦۡ
ͦУĬһɱħ˵۾ˣڳӵҲóڵ۾׵ʱͱˣµ˵̷ϰ塭ϲŮˣϲǿ롭ɱ͡ɵġ
Ĭû˿ϲ֮飬쳣أ쵰̫ˣȻǿɱˣϽͷҲ֪˶޹Ů
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ʱ̷ͦѾĬĥһϢˣйֵ˼ɷԵЩ⣬æѯĬʲô顣
ĬȥץһʱһﾹȻҾͰǴˡ
йֵȻֻ֪ĬǶеһؾǽӵʡȫֵܾҪЭĬ˴˰ȻĬ˶˽̣ûеǰĬѺ˾
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һ죬ץжͽˣ֤ǰ̷ֻаԼΥʵˣȻȴɱŮ¼
⣬бǴܿ˺лܻߣЩ飬ǲṹ̵ģڵ˵סԼؼġ
Ϊ˼ԼУԼеͬͺ̨й˳Щɱ˵ģڸеģ¸ǮƵģͳͳй˳
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㱰ɡ̷ϰĬ˼Թ޵˻С
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Ĭͷ⣬ڴǷĵĺһ󼤶˫ҲԼʪ
ǵģӽⷽӴԶҵĸˣǲҵƤСõļ磬ôǣҵˣ
һᾭģԶҵļҡĬ˻֣еǶȥɣԺʲô鷳Ҵ绰
С̫˲ˣȻô˳羴㡣¶޵
ĬһЦʵ˵ûʲô˵ȷʵĪĶݰҪеĺܶѾ޼ҿɹˡ
ڵСǸˣһΪֻڵܿأû뵽ʵҲС
ʵ֪ĬǸˣ˼ֱĬһΣĬΪʵ̫羴ˣҲ̲סе˳
˼һֱ֪ĬôһˣСǰھӵʱΪ޹ڣΥϼ˶ӣȻѴǴˮнȳ
ʹˣ˼ڿԶǾþòͣǧ˻ֳϻǸֳһ˿ЦݣǽЦݡ
õϣ͸ǳ˽Լôһֱɫĸ磬ҲЦѵġ
ãͻȻ㣬үԼ͸籯˵Ĳ



һٰʮһ µļƻ
ĬǴŮȥԭһ˵ģú󳧵鵢ʮʱ䣬á桢¶ŮҪѧˣһȥԭˣĴ㣬ǰһֱؿˡ
ڳӿضеʱĬ˼ȥСɣؼҡĬǺȻȥĸģú治֪Լʵݣⳤ;֮󣬻ĵһվȻԼĸңʵЩ˵ȥ
ǰĬ˼棬Ĭؼң˼ȴûȥСڼĬ𣬻ЩȥסǵͷǺðɣȥС
װεͦܰġ˼̤һס
ЦǰʱװκˣҺ͸ССضװθװһ¡
ɳļ䣬˼ȥŪɡ
¶æ治˵һȥǼҳǾͲŪ˰ɡ
˼ѯʵĿͶĬС˵ء
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Էʱºʫѯʱ伸·飬¶˵Ĭôúϰ飬üɫӣֱ˵˵ĻҪ
·޶ˣ¸ǾμӸִҵҲ֪ŮԸǲ׿佱һ˵ģŮĬ˵㣬ֻ˵ȷʵ˲ʵ£¶ǰƾ١
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Ĭʮ췢ϸ˵һ飬µȺСúܺãѵһġ
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µͷ˵ɡ
ǹڷɺŶ³½顣Ĭϴݺ飬Ӧþ½S鱨ʹģȻڲ鴦˰ȫֵļϸҪ𣬿»Ҫһʱ䡣
Ǻ½ȷʵǶ°ĿͶĬСʲô㣿
ҽӽ½һԷֹʲôǵжл̽ĸ֤
뷨ȻʵƺвСѶȡµڶһСˣ½ǲĵϸôܽӽ
ģǰʱʶ˺½ŮӣǶҵӡҲȽϺã½ӺڵĹϵĲϵҿԽ˽ӽȻһ취֤½ỳңҵԼˡ
Ĭһ˵ȻߵİȫҲӦòǸ⣬ǰʱеЩ˻ЩģһѺS鱨ϵS鱨ֶʲôжһҵģƻڽӽ½֮ҲӦܹա
˼ص˵ͷȻ뷨ǾӦһԣϾҲǵһͻƿڡ
±ĳ˵½ЩҪȻϣĬܰһ򵹣ԵĽǶϿ֪½ǸΪŰٵļһҲϣ˵Ŀܹչʾǰ֧Ĭľ
ĬǺãʱҰ³ҲйȥԭеˣǱȽ˽⡣
룬ʵСʲôʱȥ
쿴ɣһúͺ½ԼҰȫֵһ顣
Ȼ֪Ĭȷеϸȴ֪аȫֵѣĬô˵ǲ²Ĭ֮һͷǺãʱ̸һ̸ɣϣһֱ˾Ҫˣ»ֵġ
Ĭ̸ʱŮһֱڴӣĬ˼Աߣ˵桢ѧڿѧҲٵ˾ˡ
һ㶣æѲĿ͸˹Ϊʲô
¶ҲЦ˵С׼ҵ˾
ģҹҪȥԭв̽ǷɺŵҪʱܻ˾һ⼸㰲ŵġ
ôСŬŬ죬Եúǲ˾Ҳ̫˰ɣ˵˵߾ߡ
Ĭû뵽淴ӦǿңΣŵʵҲûа취ϾҪ죬棬ģİȫǲģҪ쵽ϴκڲȥأֻаİȫܳ׵õϡ
ߣ˵ñȳú˭֪Ҫȥ𣿡˫۳ķȻĬȷʵЩ֣ǿҪҪԼ˾İھȻ˵߾ˣⲻˣԼ
СҪȥԭã˼ǰҲûĬȥԭ뷨ô˵ҲԵЩ⡣
Ĭʵش𣺡֪Ҫ°ɡ
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ҲǣһᾭǵģԭֻҪһСʱĬ֪˼¶öҪԼչˣԼǱߵҲҪ̫ľƽʱԳʱǡ
¶С죬ȻǲУ㲻ȥ
Ҳ˸֣Ȱο磬ҸɵúúõģȥǱ߸ʲôأҿǾɡ
Ĭĳ˵СãҪ죬ģÿܶǵġ
ϻһ˿ʧ磬ˣǲǵðС⼸˲ٻ֣治
ãȻסˣˣ浱˾ءȻô˵Ĭʵ뷨ȴˣ˾ְҵûʲôϲãǰ浱˾ֻչİȫڣϲܵʲôǿֺ֯ˣߵȫ㹻ԼҲòż˾ˡ
˭Ҫ˾һĶûСյ
¶æֱۣ棬ˣСҪ죬˵ˣΪȥ׷ЩݺǼҵĶˣӦֲ֧Ŷԡ֪ĬǰȫֵˣԼԷǳĬľ
ȻлЩˣϾĬȥԭкԼʱͻˣʹÿܶҲ֪ѻʱСϻԼأ
Ĭŭ𣬲ɵǰ龰һЦѾͷı仯е찡ǰ˵ңھȻ׼뿪ˡ
ȻãȴΪ֪ǰԼΪԼ˺ѣ˵Լһ
ҲԼߣĺܶ黹Ļ᲻ӦİȫҲ½١
ĬȻЩ̣ȻᶯҡԼĴ㣬ϾõĴΣգ˵ˣԼҪȥԭܲ鴦ں½S鱨ֵ飬Ҳܹ˻ϹȥأһĿȻ
뵽ĬĴȷʵΪԼҰֻгײ鴦ƻᣬԼҵİΣܵõ׵ıϣԼôΪС¶ΪԼĬأ뵽ΪղŵıΣɫתͣСȥɣղſ׿˵ģˣ㻹˾
ѾͷתҲ̫˵ɣŮƱİĬղ˵ԺҪ˾ֻǷĻȴû뵽ᵱɣʵЩӦ
ιô˵ˡɫл΢Цһ׷ղĻǴҶģҪǵʱԣǾǸСˡ
Χ˼¶Ļ϶ԵЩãǶоĬղĬ˵ĻѵҪһӵ˾ֻǣĬȷʵ˵ĻҲòڡ
ΣѾͷҲУĬнп಻˼Ҷ˵ˣҲֻ˵úãһ˾ֱԺҵһ˾Ϊֹ
а룬õ˾ˣҪܵһӵ˾ǽһĽĬ˼¶ŮĹϵȴǲð뷨˵
ˣôˣһҪȥҸ棬Ҫȥ𣿡
õ磬С̣ҾͲȥˣԤϰأҪѧˡ
¶һᣬ˵ˣҲȥˣöûڼˣҲӦûȥú졣йζ
ǰ϶ִȥģΪԼĴڣĬ˼һЩദĻᣬ֮УҲֵظܵĬС֮⣬ȻԼкܲȴԼΪ֮Լ˼ҸƻѾСˣʲôȥǽеĶʱأ
ĬҲǿ󣬵ͷǺðɣһȥ
汾ͺĬļ˲죬ڼú¶ȥҲȻȥˡ
ĬʱܳȻһΣȻոǰû˿ˣֻһʱ䣬Ϳ̨԰
СС̣һȥɡ
Ĭ뵽ԼѾܾûаݷ¶ĸˣԼزҪСëǰѯʵĿͶ˼С̣ǽȥһɣٹȥ
˼һг㶼ΪĬ룬Ȼ֮ͣ⣬ȻǵͷӦˡ
ఢ̣ϼҴ͵һزǳʰɡĬһزŵ輸ߡ
ٵСǿôԶʲôز
¶Ц裬ʵҲСģЩִ絽ǳϵģǳһأ
־Ц˵СڴԵððѼĺöǡ
¶ʱ˷СԵôأڼֱǴеĴˡߵʱ򣬼ǧĴǼأ
ĬһЦѾͷʣмǧ񰡣˼
ٽŽɵô¡ѵǴСһ˴򹤣
裬㲻֪ɣһء¶Եмֵ⣬㿴ǼûУΪú󳧱鴦飬ȫǵĹء
ڷǰ־Ĭе˻ѯĬ־Ҳûʲôģʱ䷢ͽĴ㶼־˵һ顣
Сһ飬㲻Ҫġ
ĬһЦ壬ʲôʰɡ
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Ĭ˵ͷǵģҺమꡣȥ־۾ΪԼʵǹĿأֻðĿൽԱߣ壬֪ҲԣȻûи¶¶ˡ
Ȼ¶¶ѾС̵ĹϵҾȻ־ɫСڵôģ
Ĭһʱ治֪ôش⣬ܸܲ壬Լһ˹ϵɣ˼һᣬŵģҾ˺¶¶
Ĭȷ־Ƿ֪Լ¶Ѿ˹ϵ˵ʲôεĻ״̬Ҳ뿪¶ģɵĻشҲһӦˡ
־Ĭһᣬĳ˵С¶¶ʱԣǸǵˣþܾʱǵþܾȻϲ¶¶õ飡
ģһúôġĬ־˼ȻϣԼΪŮȴԼŮųԼŮŮˣһ׵Ļԭ
ȷʵԽп࣬廹֪Һ¶¶˹ϵ鶼չֵزˣôܾ¶¶ⰡҺ¶¶Ĺϵ壬Ǹǲȡ顣
ǺðɣҲȰȰ¶¶־ǸЦЦСΪˡ
Ĭæ壬ҹĺ񰮲ǣʵ¶¶ãֻǲǰİ˰
ţҾϲˡ־˵ƽжˬֱѾˡ
ĬȥСëһˣʱСëǹһסˣȻⲢΪٻٻԸһסΪٻٻԲסһ
СëĬ֮Ե쳣Ļϲһסʵ̫ˣ
Сë˰СʱĬſų˼һȥˡ



һٰʮ 
ϣڴϵĬظ˼ļ˵˼ʱ㣬㲻Ұɡ
ܹأϾǻСǵĴڡ˼ĬһᣬʵС㣬¶¶鵽̸ôˣ̸ʲôأ
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ĬָоǴϦ֮ҹ͸оˣʱ¶¶һ˵Լһӵĺѣ֮͸ٺ˼Դˣٱûбֵôԣã¶¶ںú˼˼Լ֮δϾҲ˶µˡ
ڵֹϵҪ˺¶¶̸װ˼΢΢̾ʵԼֺûܵ˺أֻ˺ǰС㱻̵Ĵ࣬ǰĴˣ˺Ҳʲô˫ĿĬʵС㣬ô㣿
ֻ˳Ȼˣ̬Ǳˣ¶¶ܴԨõĽҲܺúõһ𣬵ҪһӸҲͱǰĹϵɡ
ʵ˵ĬѾ¶˺⣬οѾԼŮˣǲϣ뿪ԼģϣΪ˵ŮˣǣֹϵȷʵŮ˶˺¶¶㣬ԼҲӦ֧֡
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˼Ҳͷ˳ĬͷؾһĽ֯Ĳ࣡
ĬȻ֪˼岻ʣԼǲܺŮ֮ģʱѹ˺ܾãӵǳǣں˼ͬ˯һôܲ궯أȴȻȻ˼ĴϣظĿ࣬˼һᣬҲ˳»䵽˼Ĳϣ
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˼ʱҲ𽥸ҪӵԵʣϣܺĬ飬ȻˣҲֻܵպ˵ˣ̧ͷҧһĬĶ˵С㣬һزɣЩ
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ǰʱ䣬ĬһֱӦ飬ʱ䣬Ϊú󳧵飬ûʱ̽飬меʱ䣬ȴǿ԰
С̣Һ˵¶ȥԷɡ
˼һĬһԷߣݸЦʲôأ˵ɡ
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˼ȻĬҪʲôǺϵزԼĺĬĬͿ˼壬Ҳûʲôù˼ɵģ˫˼T
˼ѩ׵񱳶ʱչĬǰǻƿϰΣֱѱ걾ǰ۵ļϸ֬滹ɼɫѪԸľջ
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Ĭ֪˼ȽȶҶԼôںûжٸıҪȻѰңǾ˵ϻһݶС̵ǣңС̵Ҳ϶ôһԼβѰѰأ
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˼ȥԼӣʮӺ󣬲ŻصߣһŵĬǰ̾öûдˣҪǽ˵飬Ҷˡ
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ʱĬĸ˼飬ĸ׼˼ҪȥѰԼˣҲǰҵˣõ飬ܷʲô飬鶼ıġ
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Ĭŷ֣ԱߵĴϾȻһŮŮӴʱӵϣ˫۾״ƾճֵĬˣҲŮӵĺУĿ˹
ӷĬ˵ʱޱȵľ棬תϾڻŮӵĿ£֮ǰΪԶ
Ůӻ֪ɽĲǹˣеˡʱƺûʶԼ壬һһӵͷϡ
Ҳ٣ģĿ䵽˼ϣ˫ۼ̳ɫԺȻѾ뷨
¥ģ淢˱ըĬĿƿҡҡԱߵ˼˼û°ɡ
С㣬˼תĿ䵽ϣϾȻ壬һУæͷת˹ȥ
ӴҺѡŮӿµӽе
ŮʶԼ¶ӣæȥڵסԼѩ׵塣



һٰʮ 
ʱҲһ˫ĿŭĬˣιǿ˲ÿĶô
ĬոմӾ˫ȶ飬˼ӵʣվһ˫ȣ˫ֻ֯Щ˺ͷûд󰭣ŰһĿͶ˼˼ôˣ
ûʲô˼Щ˻ƣ˫ҲˮҲ֪ΪŹȣΪϵĸ鱻ƭˡ
ղŵһЩľҪС㶴һӦѣԼͱըըһѪ⡣
ʵ벻ͨŮ׵ģôͻȻɱأԼزʶΪʲôҪɱڣ
˶Ըղŵ֮⣬Լе˷룬ȻԼⳡɱ
ȥ˼ϸԭг˿־ʹ
ҿԷбûкǣӦòưոݵģǻǾɡĬ˵ţһ˼֣ſڳȥ
С˫ʹһСҲӰݵĶ
š˼ӦһĬȥ
ӱĬ鷳ʲô롯֮Ĵ뵽ղĬĹ죬µĬǳˣҲͲ˵ʲôɵ˳ȥ
ɲĪĻˮ
Ĭ򿪷ţҪȥȴһʮǹǱ߳˹
ȻǸղǽгŮһģĿĺͳĿһɱڡ
Ĭ֪ԷǸ֣ϸ룬æ˻Ȼ͵ذŹ˹ȥ
أǹǹ죬ĬżʱҲûбԷ˵
㵽ǱȥĬ˼Ƶǽ棬ԼűߣеǹԷֹԷŶ롣
һϤôˣǳ
ǰ֪ĬǸ֣ղűΪըԻҪ˵ȴû뵽ĬȻѸٵظо쳣˷˼ķˣһʱ֪ͨԼͬ䵽¥Ĭ
棬˶úõģеƺǿ˵Ǹղſǹӡ
ӸղĬĶܷҲ֪ĬƽˣӲһǿ׼㣬ȳˡ
ɱڣͲġӵ
ûϵ֪ǵǡ
Ӿó˵úеʵûϵԷи֣ȷʵ׼㣬Ժ˵ɣȻһᱻԷ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
㲻Է˵ղ淢ǿҵıըҲ϶ڶʱ;ģʱҲ
뵽ӱǺãߡ˵ţ˲ȥ
еĬȻû˵ĶԻһᶼûжµ˶ԷĹǡ
а룬Щһǰû뵽ôһ֣˵ԵĲҺ˼ڵݣԵ˼
˼ֻһûиףĸ׵Ĺ¶ΪʲôҪ׷ɱôһ¶
֪˼ϵ̥Ǻ˵Ǻ˼ȷʵĳֹϵǰ˼ĸֲĸףĪ˼׺ĸŮкܴìܣɱ
ûе׻˵ʳӣοأ˵ˣ˼ĸ׺ĸŮìܣֳҲӦʱŶʹܵҲܴ۵ذԼŮҳɣ
Щ˵ʲôأΪʲôҪ۵ذһͲ֪ԼҳȻ˺ݶض֣
Ĭ˼⣡
뵽ղǳС̵̸ղ׳˼ĵϸҪܣպȻɱ˼ģΪ˼ԺİΣԼðǳ
ֻǣԷˣֶӦòԼҪ˼£ָôԷ
ˣˣҲͶԷƴˡ
뵽ĬַŵŰϣͻȻ򿪷ţȻһڣϣڴͬʱеǹѸ˹ߡ
ʱ߳ˣʱѾת¥ݿڣ¥ݿҲֻһ׶ľ롣
һ죬Ĭ⶯ǹİӵһ㣬ӵĺ󱳡
ӿʼĬǳǱߵģһξ룬˾裬ȴǽ沿ת˹ȥԱӿԼܵٶȡ
û뵽ǣĬȻͷͻȻ˳лǹоϮܵ˶㣬Ҽ绹ǱӵС
˵ڵ֮Ҳڵһʱתǹ˹ϵĬ
أһǹ죬ĬĵڶӵɵӵĴϡĬӵҲǹǹͷת˹ǽһţڹϵһָһ㣬ת˳˹
ǹˣӵĬĲŹһƿ֮
ĬҪǹͻȻڹϵĳҲ˻һ
ס
Ĭ֮࣬ڵϵһת˫תǽڣȻ͵һţӾһ֮ղųſڻ˽ȥ
һ󣬶ҵذܻ̾ͻףʱһ׹⣬漴һ춯صıը
ñ׵ıըþҲϵ컨ǱûµΧڵľһƬҡ
ûüϷţĬȻױըĵطףһ鱬ըƬɽߴȡ
˼ղűĬƵǽǴȻ뱬ըĵطֻףǽڵûˡ
ʱͱŴˣήǽǴͣزš
ԷӣʱҺͿ֮ſڴսսز鿴ſڱըڵϵĬʶԣæϷţսɢȥ
Ĭȥ׷ˣ֪Ѿӹ׷ˣŽʹһͦվ˿Ĵ
յڣͿõſڳǳʱѺһŮӭȻǸղڴſڴץһʣһһģ˲ᡣ
϶ѾһڲǸղ¥ʱϵģǿɲ뱻ͷ¼ò
ǸʲôŮӭзС
Уߡ



һٰʮ߻ 
ƵıٵΧ˹ڴͽЮʣǹҲҿ
Χڼȹ¥ϵıըֹŮӭİΣ¥ҳһš
ÿȻɱŮ߳һѺǱͣȥ
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ޣٿҾһǹ㣬ߡ
ģ쵰о飬ĬԽǱƼˣпܼŭǣһӭ϶ᱻɱ
Ѱ˼֮ʣӻͷ¥һۣȻǹ˹
Ĭæӵ·컨ϣ
ĬǹУתſȥھ˼Աߵʱ򣬽е˼ȥһ
С˼Ĭȥǻڱߣ˻
֪ʱĬﲻᵢж
ȻˣĬжȻѸޱȣܿܵ¥ݿڣֻ¥˵ݲ㣬ѡ¥ݡ
յ¥ݿڣĬҪѯʵģǼ˷񣬻ΪܾڣҲûᡣ
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ʻϣʹ⿪ȥ
ĬҪǰӪʣŮһֱĿⶨĬλôʵûлǰҲֻؿƵꡣ
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һԼгĵ绰ںܱҾķĬ뵽æͳֻͨ˳ĵ绰
绰ԷŽ˵绰伥Сӣ㻹£ûŪǣá
ĬĻиǻǵһμ棬ǾҪأ벻ͨΪʲô
ⲻҪ֪ࡣû˿ɫʣˣǻأʱİ
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Ҷϵ绰ģĬô˵ʱе£˵Ǻã˵
ҿǲǺʲôɣָʾûв´ְҵɱ֡
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ƾʲôʵ
ɣһסĬ˼ΪӵӰ죬Ҽǵò¥ݼͷҲǵòҪɱˣǾȫץǵģȫҲ͵
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Ϊһ𣿡
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뵽²Щ˼ɣΪֻɱһƽˣȴ˰ȫֵˣһʧˣȻԼȫȫ׷ĺ
˵˵ҷʵȻǳȻɲĬ쵽ԼЭ
ֻҪʣұ֤ǵòݸ졣
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ĬǾͲܹҵˡ
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ֵߵˣܹ鷳ᾡģȻԼʮҲð
ĬԷӦˣ°һãԷܹ˵ģһԷûкԼıҪԷҪģ˲õĽ
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һ죬ͣ
³һʣȻԵ绰ЦҰʷˣϻˣȻһһϢ٣ǻô
Ȼ²ĬǸˣпŵ׷ԼڵλãʱԼ·ӵĵز
Ĭæңһл˵
ŮǺã˵ɣҸʱ䡣
ĬΪǮɱˣðһ䣬ɱ˳ɹܹöǮ
ⲻҪĵ⡣
Ĭֵܲһ£ȱ߸ǵĻʹҲҪɱǵ⣬ʧı꣬һǵġ
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һнпܣΪǮ֧ǵĸ߶ֺ꣬αðأ
Ĭ˼ԣֻҪǱѻõĻʹٴ׷ɱǵͷҾͿԸͬı꣬ҲòźˣҲһΣա
ŮӳĬѰ˼ʲô
ʵĬܷθڣ֮ԥΪĬ
Ǻãʱܣĵ绰ɣԺϵ㡣˵ţžһֻҶˡ



һٰʮ˻ С̵չ
Ӻ󣬾Ȼ;춼ˣȻֳûԱ˵ȴˣĸУһ¥Է컨˵ģʱ˵ģһĬĬ˫Ȳ֯ˣȱһ鵯ƬУȻ˵ʲô˵ѾǲС˺ˡ
Ĭ˿ڴ֮סһ䵥˼䲡ϣΪ˲ӰĬϢû¼ʣ˼һ
Ϊ˲ط㸸ĸģ˼ûиֻ࣬˵飬ҪϲŻ
˵绰˼ĿͶĬеС㣬Ȼ𣿡
ĬЦЦһСˣûʲôʹС
Сˣ׵Ŀء˼һ¿ˮݵĬԱߣȵˮɡ
ĬӹˮһڣоˮȻǸģСϴôչԼѾǰˣʱԼظðգСһֱԼߣԼ΢Ĺػ
֮Ϊ뿪˶żСҲûлչΪĬˣһΣС̸Ͳ֪ʵݣ֪˵飬ڶСȻ֪ݺˣΪʱȴǲȥСչ
ȻǼҲ˶չԼǱϾǺѣ˼ͲͬˣԼ÷İ˰ԼÿһͶܹᣬߣԼܸоһŨܵ⡣
Ĭˮŵͷ˼ɫЩ㱣֪ڵı﷢飬æ§סļͷο˼鶼ȥҲˡ
˼˫۳ȻͷС㣬ֻ֪ʵ벻ԭίȷʵ벻ͨ飬һ׵ĺ£ôͻȻɱڵĲҾ磿
ĬӦûô򵥣ǻĥ
С㣬ҿԺǱ˰ɣ鷳˼µ˵Ҫ㣬ҿ¡ûˡ
Ĭûʹ˽飬һϲ׷龿ˣֹϵС̵ͰΣôܾʹ˷
ס˼֣˼ߣκ鶼Ҫ¡
ţ֪˼һᣬ˵С㣬ܸоײû˵ţȷʵţֻǡֻȫˣԲŲʵҡ˵ֻһ˿ԹҪǸҲͰˣʲô˺ĸ׵飬ĸ׺Լʵ̫ˡ
ĬĲ²⣬Ϊ˲˼ʹǰο˼˼ˣء
ô˵ΰɱѰҵйأʵ벻ͨΪʲô˾Ȼɱҡ˼˫۷ˮȻĸгôֳҲӦõ˰ɣõô۵ذҳ
Ĭ˼һᣬ˵˼ҾⲻһҪ㣬ݺˣҲ˵
˼ʵҪˣô֪ĸŮô֪ϵ̥Ǻ
Ĭɱֿʼ֪ҵĴڣУֻһƽŮˣ˵ǵʵֻҪһѵӾͿԽ⣬ǲûôѡһַɱ˷
Ĭȷʵģ䶷ǿڲ֪Լڵ£ȫѡõɱ˼ȴըɱ˷ʽȻ׳Ǹ䶯ͶӰ죬ɱɻġ
˼ҾֶΣǾͲĻᣬҲκη֤ݡ
Ĭҡҡͷĥȴִ󣬶һɶӰ죬һȫֵ˾ͿִܲʱԲǶԷ顣
С㣬ʲôͼ
Ĭ˼Σ˵Ҿôֿܣһֿܾɴĺ䶯ͺǴĿֲϮһ㣬һֿܣɱͬʱҪʬ𼣡һһֿܣʱ²͸ԭ򣬲ڶֿܣҾǲݸ֪ˡ
Ҫⳡըˣô֪ܲ
ڵݣĳĬʬ𼣣ڵȷʵܹ㱳ϵ̥ǾͲע⣬һû֪ˡ
˼˵Щǲ˱֪ҵ
Ĭ˵ͷǵģǺܿܲѰ㣬ֹѰ㡣
˼ϻһ˿棬漴תɻ󣬡С㣬˵ҵȷȷʵʵѰңֻǵҵģĿǲѰҵң
ҾֿܡĬЦЦȻֻǲ²ѡ
ʵĬлкֲܶ²⣬ɱݺЩ²˵ΪãЩ²С̵˺Ǿ޴ģΪʱһ㣬ԼӦѽõķ
ô˵ҶѰʲôˣ˭ܱ֤´Ѱ׵ʱʲô飿
ҲãǾ͵ʲô鶼ûзĬ˵úɣȴǰ룬ӷҳĻʹЩ쵰ҪС̵ҾԻǸѪĴۡ
С㣬ˣϢɡ
Ĭ˿ʱ䣬ѾʮһˣͷҲ˯ɡ
ǺãҾ˯˼˵ţ˫ַŵߣȻԴ˫ĿĬ
Ĭ˼˼˯ΰɡ
˼һЦСŮ˵ҾҪ˯һЩ
Ĭ˯Ҵˣ
ôаŪ˿ڵģ˵ˣҪһûʿҲɡ
Ĭ֪˼ƤǲֵطԼͬģοԼǸˣʵڲĿô˯ǵ˯ȥҪȥ˯ҾͲ˯ˡ
˯ûʲôġ
Ҳ˯ˣֻϷĬ˵óֻװģϷ
СӣȻвˣСһƨɡ
첻Уأ˺ˣ򡣡
˼޿κεصĬһۣǺðɣҹȥ˯ֻ
ţװģһ



һٰʮŻ ǰԭ
ڶ磬Ĭ˱¼Ϊ˱Ҫ鷳ڽܵʱĬûᵽ˼⣬ֻ˵Ǳ˳ɱڳɱԭҲû˵
Ĭ˲أֲϲʱĴҽԺھߺ󣬾ִ뿪ҽԺûлؼңǻصСһС㻻ҩҺøĸ̫ˣϾϵԼ˼Σ
˼ΪչĬҲСסĬһС
¶˵ĬˣҲ̵ʱϵС˼չĬʱɫһ˿
Ĭ뵽ɱֻΪǮǽһ£˶ε绰Էĵ绰ǹػȻԷϵ
ҪŪ飬ͱǳֻ֣ǣǳڹػҸϵĬ°̾һԸΣܹ֮ϵҰɣһҲҵ
뵽ĸĸɱֿ֪С̵ݣģܹСϲҵԼļͥסַģһԼĸʹڱԷӺΣգüǿĸİȫ
磬³Ҳҽң̽Ĭơ
ССӻ־ķҲóһֻˡͬĬļͷһ֮ɫ
ĬһЦֻãһˤ¥ȥˣҪˤȥҲ˰
³Цô˵һ̵ʵںܹϣҪǻǣ¾ԥĵͷըˡ
ϻˣҽǵɲǿ佱ҵġĬ˶٣˵ɣҹҪȥԭҪһȥģڷ飬ɣұһҵĸɵ衣
û⡣³ؿڣһŵ˵ɵСĸĸ㲻˵ҲӦúúñǡ
³Ȼ֪Ĭط㣬ȴ֪ĬеĸɵֻطĸĸطսѣһȥطΣطĸĸΣգҲӦñǵİΣ
Ǻã鷳ˡĬĿͶͬͳ¿ͬӣǾͺȥԭɣҶǱߵ죬ǵʱҲðһ¡
ĬС̵ߣδǳĵ绰ԷûнӣֻһΨһİ취ǵȺǳϵԼˣңú½һҪǲϵõϵϹҺS鱨ֵĺΣԺͽԶҪС̵һЩ˵ȥ
ͬͳ¿ѾȫĬϴ˵ˣǰԭģһڴӦĬķԸ
ĬԱߵ¶ȻĿƵ˼ϣ˵˼һȥԭаɣҲñܱܷͷ
ȻǳӦĬС̵߱ˣվֻĬĶ֣ĬôǣΪȷ˼İȫͱߣң˼ߣԼҲоį¶
ȥԭ˼ߵĹô죿
ĬʱͱϰˣϾȫҪС̵нֻǧڵ˵㲻ʲôС̴ǵ˹ҲǵûκӰ졣
˼ǳԼ˽⣬ԼڶΣգҪǸСȥԭԷһʱҲԼˣСıȻᰲȫ࣬ǵͷǺðɣҺȥɡ
¶˵ĶԻ²Լ뵽˼ȷʵ֮ǣҲ˼еĲ˵
˼¶Ĳס¶֣¶¶֮ȹȥˣʱ䣬Ҳɡ
¶˼˼ͷţС̣֪ȥ֮󣬿ҪǹܽСˣԷѧ
ǣСڣͲõĸʳˡҲ
ĬЦôоСӰ
㱾ǸС¶ɫһ˿ЦݣСӲӦС̺úù̡ܽ
˼õģұ֤չ˺
Ĭ׼ھһ֮ǰȥԭеģͻȻˣҲֻðѹȥʱƳˡ֪գѾȫżʻʱݵܳԼİİˣһԭȥˡ
ԭλڽʡϲںݺᣬڶ࣬˺ӹͨϱˮ֮УֵӶˮ죬γɡСšˮ˼ҡĶطòȫγ֮һ
ԭȻ˿ڲ࣬ǾȴǷGDPֵλȫǰȫGDPߵĵؼУȻǽʡʡᣬȴʡһ֮ƣ
ĬѾǵһԭˣԶ·ǱȽϤģ֪סڳϵˮ̫԰ڽ֮󣬾ֱˮ컨԰ȥˡ
ڵˮ컨԰ſʱƺͺѾվ˴Ŵƴһɫĳȹںڵ㷢ɢ˫磬̤һ˫ɫЬ⸱еĴ粻ûڸòǰһȻٸչֵ쾡£СӣС˺˵ģȥǳСɿɰ
һĬͻе磬ڵˣˣ
ȻúĬҲֻ棬һڼȿ־бĬȣԶŷǳ̵Ӱ죬ּĬԼС̵ıڣСУĬͳһ˵еָ֣˵ҪԼʱȻԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
ţùԡĬõ
Ĭ֮ǰ˵ԼŮԳڿϻһŮӵʱ²⣬Դ˼˼а̾ŮӻƯֻƺС˲ٰ
Сλôƺأ
˼ҵŮѡĬĿתƣܵ˼ǳƴ㣬ãϴϺ羰ġ
˼ͳϴȷʵϺ羰棬ʱȻû˵໥֮仹ЩӰ죬˼Ҳ֪ĬǺõľˣԼ˶Ĭô飬Ҳ÷ǳݸһЦ㣬ã
ƴųϣ΢ЦгˣԺͽƽɡ
裬Ӧýʲô
㵱Ȼǽˡ
ԴЩɻŮѣҽ磬ŮỊ̇񲻶԰
ĬһЦûв廰ǷСʻȥˡ
룬˵Ĭҽ㣬ԺҲˣ塣
壿СԴҡͷֲУһǽһЩ
УӦý塣Ƶʮ꣬
һƲҲҾҪ磬и綼ϰˡ
ĬЦƽ㣬С⣬òźͺӼƽϵģʲôͽʲôɡ
ûǸãԺҲŮѽн㰡
˼ЦôУֻҪ֪ڽҾˡ
һᣬ͵˳ס˽˱λˮ컨԰Ķ򣬴ԼʮĶΧл԰ɽݵ֣Ӿءë򳡵ʩǾסľѻСı棬һ߰׿СϪСϪˮ峺ββСһķ羰ߡ
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ġĬˮһڣЦʵ´粻ڼҰ
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ƵǱ߿׷أһһһһҵ綼ȫһ˷֮ȥѡɡ
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ţұ꣬һ㣬Ӧõġа룬СŶʮ꣬ȻһʮŮŮѣϲŮ



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ĬһЦЩȷʵǳģѹøôţԭŰ
ʮ˺ܿĬΧסˣŮվǰȵιСӣղ۸ˣ
˼Է˶ڣ²Щ£ӽؿĬߣС㣬ǸղŮӽеˡ
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ŮӲ˫֣٣ٺװƣڽ㡣
ʱǽСŮҲȺг˳ָĬ˵㣬쵰ղŴҡ
ŮˣûкݺݳӣʿˡĬƳСһۣе˾ִһԼ̫ʴˣȻ类Ҵ˵ˡ
ŶǣСӣ㻹治֪ߵغ񰡣ڻ˵ĻڽŮӿСӱԼʮΧӦðˣȴû뵽šüԲȵģϸǸȻŪĹȡ
ĬЦӯӯøۣȺְ
ŮӼĬô˵Լ¶ʱðɣŭ֮࣬һ˿ɻСƺ޿ְѵʲǫ̂뵽ǿѹŭСӣģ
ĬҲǻģұʲô
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޽㣬ôСӣһʵ
Ŀ䵽Ĭϣ̵Сӣְ֣ͺȥǱ߹԰Ǻú˽顣
ŮޣĬͻȻһԼԭʱ³Ǵԭڵᵽһ޵Ůˣ˵ŮԭĺڰǰŮ»Ϊͬһԣ޻չ
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ģҵϷǴ㡣վĬǰļʵڲĬţ˲øղžк͵سĬ
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㣬СӾһ´УȥϼҡԱǽСŮӽе
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ޡСȫҧгݵҲŲҳԷأߡ˵ţתǱ߶Ŷȥ



һپʮ 
޲˵˵ԼûĬ鷳ǺܸˣҲȻ顣
ĬҲںǮǾͰһȺ˽еԱߵһ¥ӵĲˣ˵سԺ
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Ĭһ˿ԭѩŶ³ǳƵıãѹǻźҪ



һپʮĻ Сͷ
ĬʵԼҪʵ⣬Ҳûмʣ֪ʶˣ˷еģһͼıĸо
һʱĬձЩΣ˺һᣬƲ˵СԽԽɷˣʱҪȣҷǳգƽʱֻ岻ѣĴöˣҲȻĻɡϲûжɬ֮ɫȻɻĻ⣬ܲܰ취ܹ˳ؾܾ𣿡
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ֻǣ˴СȱĬУָôأ֪ļЦҲǰڲʱЩɫһ𽲵ĻЦԼܲܰЦɡ
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СӣԽԽˣȥϴ衭
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Ĭ֪½ԼȥĿģæǺãϾ͹Ҷϵ绰Ĭ绰ٻٻȥֲ
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磬רſһҰǲǿһ㡣þһܣ±ԼϤͬѧԼһԺͬѧҪĲɺͼЦ
ҸղС̻ؼң˳ͿˡĬЦЦϳɡ
ʻңͷ߰ɣͬѧˣ˼ġ
ʲô˼⳵Ȳ͵ģֲġĬ˵߷Ƿѧʱ򣬲ǺܶѧרҲ飡
ҲŲϲءõǰʱ֮ǳأҲһס
Ĭ֪õ̬ڼԼŮó͵ΪͬԼΪѿˣа룬´λǱ𿪳ˡ
磬ǲǶԭ
Ĭ˵ͷǵģǱ黹٣Ͼ͵ùȥ
Ŷɫлһ˿á
Ĭ⿴õɫ仯æʵСãʲô𣿡
ʵҲûʲôЩΪѵܶҪҳᡣ
Ѿˣѧϰǳؼһڿѧ֮ǰѧУ֯һμҳᣬõİҪˣÿѧмҳþĬһˣĬȴæʱȥҳ᣿
ĬҲ֪ҳԸѧҪԣԼΪ̫æûйõѧϰ統ʵЩϸ˼һᣬ˵СãɣСȥ㿪ҳᣬ㿴𣿡
С̰óСòҪһȥԭʱ䣿
Ĭβȥˣһֱڼʱҽȥˡ
Ҽҳ𣿡
ĬЦô㣬δɩӡ
ŶǺðɡóΣͻȻ̧ͷʵ磬ѡСˣ¶¶ô죿
Ը⣬ҲɩӰĬԿЦ˵
ѽֻ̤÷߷߲ƽߣɲԣֱƭǵĸ顣
ĬЩ޹Сã˵˵ʲôʱƭǸ˰
ûأ¶¶ϵеʱôûаС̵
Ĭа룬ⶼΪ㰡һʼûаԼС̵߸¶¶Ȼˡ
ȻõֲΪվõĽǶ˵˵ĻӦõģοҲΪԼá
Сãе飬ҺҲ˵ô˵Ҷúöǵġ
̾һû˵ʲô
һᣬ͵СոսСڣͿ¶ڴԵĳϣ˼ĬǻֺС
СİԶȻרӭҵģĬһůǶãȴٸǴ֣ǶԲסǡ
ͣ˵Աߣ΢΢ЦҲǵģʲô
¶¶һʱ俴ˡȵ
¶һۣ˵棬ҿղҲܻ˵бҸ뿴Ĭɡ
ûءæˣ˵ˣϳɣﷹ˶Ūˡ
ĬƺоɫľţȻ¶˵˼ϲˣ¶¶鶼ûдãҪ˻ˮǽôӦ
Էʱ򣬼ŮѯһĬһܵĬ
СǱߵҪòܽأʡ
ʫϿЦ棬㼱ʲô˼Сǰ£Ҫġ
ĸһ˵ϲԼػһ˿ɬ˾ȻϣˣȻ˭ҿ
㲻˾𣿡ʵ
Сߴ˾һ㶼ã˻Ὺʲôᣬʮˣ̫󡭡
¶ЦСǵù㵱˼µ˾㻹ǵ˰
⻰ˣͷҲ˵ˡ
ĬЩΣΪ˰Χ˵ˣựһĿշ𣿡
а˵һҲС
иݣǰס
ʵɵһסɡ
Ĭ˵ͷǵģЩӣΨһļˣǰסҲΪǲġ
¶֪Ĭеĸɵ裬ʵĸĸȥԼСס뵽ںĬĹϵԽסһ˵ΣҲֻðѵڵĻȥ
ҲĬݹס뵽ղŵ飬Ҳ˼ֳ
µȫû⣬һȥѡһ׿շɣҲš
Ǻãһȥ
극ĬȥǱ߾¥ѡһӣȻ󿪳صУøĸȥס
ȥסЩɡĸЩɲ
ûʲô߷ءĬȰ裬֪Լкĸ飬Ҳܵھӣȷʵܸӣǰȥסᰲȫöġ
룬ߵĿסǱߺöˣͰԺȥɢҲˡĸȻԥĬ˵ˣҲҪԶмҾߵȰסһʱɣ߲ϲְȥˡ
㣬ǾͰȥɣҲСġԱߵ˼ҲȰңǹȥסܰСչСء
׵ͷǺðɣǰȥס໥иӦ
Ǳ߷ӱ˼ҵ磬ĬĸֺܻԭеļңǲûаѼҵȥֻһЩ򵥵ƷĬƤһͰˡ
ĸ׸ո̤뷿䣬޲ڵǺǣⷿ乻һʮƽףװ޵ôá
Сⷿ𲻵ͰɣǮһأ
ƽʱڼңǽĬС㣬áڳҲ֮óƺΪСˡ
ĬЦҪǮⶼҵķӣָǵġ
ϰ㻹湻õģԺúðɡ
ѸĸС̵ĶĬѯʵĿͶãСãҲסɣԿճһ׷ǵļͥܰ
סȻ˼ѾˣĬĸĸЩİҪͻȻסһЩòע⡣
Ĭõļ򣬡ûʲôҵĸɵĸɵ裬ǻ㵱Ůġ
ĸҲǣСãһˡ
һжæͷǺðɣҲס
ãھȥᶫ
ʣҪҪҽӶȥᡣ
õǶֲ࣬ҪӶˣǼɸ㶨ˡ
ʱĬֻͻȻˣǷӥĽǵģ΢΢һ㶣һʲô飬թҰɣ
С
ڶأ磬ʲô𣿡ģǰ˵飬ʶʶ㣬ܲܳʱԸ
Ĭ΢΢һüͷӥȻԼҳԷҪʲô鷳ɡҪѶеĺڰŪбҪʶģ뵽ʱ䣬Է
ɣȵöң¥ȺȲ裬̸
УϹ
Ĭ˵绰ԼŮ˵СãȹȥʰɣҪȥ
ʵ磬ʲô鰡
ԼҼ棬ûʲôģȳȥˡ˵ţת˷š
˼Сãȹȥʰɣȥѷɨ
ң¥һĬ˽ǵ񡣡磬ʲô𣿡ǵֻһ˹ɫأ֪ҪԼ˵
ǵĬ˵Сǰȷʵ㣬ʶѣѹһѹ档
Һӥ涼ûмΪʲôҪѹҵ棿Ĭа룬ѵʲôʱˣ
ǵĬɻϸģǰǸǳԵˣϴǹвҹɵ飬ǳŭҪΪӥһӡ
Ĭϴε飬Ϊ³ɺҹɵìܣԼΪ˰³ǳͷǹвҹɣǵ˵»Ȼԭҹұ𰡣ߣѾˣȻұҾ͸һĻɡ
ĬȻע⣬ǻװЩ֪Ȼӣ磬Ӧô
ĺʹǰûֱӵȻ㣬˵Ͳ׷Ź㣬˵аɱĿܡǵЩǵ˵ҵ˼ǣ͵ҹɺͰϸɣͼ˰Σ˵㶪һҲûйϵ
ǵ֪ܷӥǸʲôˣܷӥǰǰȫعΪ˴ȫֿˣ᲻ãͿʼԼĺڵģܷӥ˱ǳǿ֮⣬ǸĺرļһǾԲκ˲ȵͷϵģȵͷϵĺֻһǾһΣĬȻûֱӲȵͷϣȴ÷ӥɨأ̡
ǰʱ䣬ΪȥˣԲûü飬죬մ׼һ飬ڽĬ룬ĿľΪĬһ磬ĬΪǴε鸶ۡ
ǵȻûкĬΣĬǸֱˣұҲĬ˺ѣ£ԼбҪĬһµġ
ĬȻµѣĬվûʲôװҪǿķӥﶷǿ϶ҪԿģĬԼܵ˺ȴⱻԣãĬΨһĽӥҹɵǸӥҪĬϰĵǸѣĬҲӦôӦ
ֻҪĬǸϿңټǵĴкͽ⣬ţ黹ܹͽģϾԼӥô꣬ϴǻԼһӵģ˵ˣϴĿľѹĬ棬ֻҪĬͷϴϴĿҲʹﵽˣҲӦò鷳ġ
ĬһЦҪͷϴǲܵ飬үҲͷģߺߣӥȻҪѹҵ棬ҾҪ֪ҵ
Ǹ쵰ҹɣѾˣȻŪң٣ô
һص˵磬ȷʵֵеڶǰûȫ˽⣬ܲܰϸ˵˵
ϴĻҲ֪˰ɡǵϴǰǰȫֵعΪƷвˣ֮˶һʱ䲻ڵ䶷ʹͷԣڶڵ򣬲齨ԼİɣҲڵķӥӥ齨úѸʱ䣬ͰѶĺڵͳһ˶кڵľϴ󡭡
ϴиļɻ䣬ǲκսںڵϵȨ˵ֵܶǾηԺжϴҶκðǵһһΣȻûгȥȴǹָΪصҹɣ⵱ȻǷŭˣҪ鷳ҲȻ顣
ˡĬȼһ֧̣һڣ̽ȻܷӥĺǸǿ϶Ҫҷϵˣ
ǵͷǲɵģʹܹѣļҲȺ
ģҲ̫˰ɣȻҪҼ˶֡
ǵֻԼ˽Զֽ
Ĭǳ۶ǵ仰ǵģǲԶֽģҵԸһ
Сҿǰ㵱ԼֵܣŸѡǵҵ˼ǣܲǰ취Ψһİ취ǽȥǷӥ̳ϴǸһľòҺͺյϣһ·ġ
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ϴĺӦ˺ܶΥɣôһֱûбץأ
ǰǰȫֵˣڰȫвءǶйĸϵҲȽϺãҪǲŪ̫Ҳֻ۱ֻۣĸԸ˻ˮ
Ĭ˵ͷԭ̨ȽӲѹû˸Ҷ
ЩⶼҪǵģ㵱Ӧúú룬ʱôʾǸ⡣ǵѵ
ðɣһú׼һµġ
ˣǧҪѽҺ˵ȥȻϴ֪ˣҾпͷˡ
ӽǵɫУĬԿӥڷӥȨǵǰֱԸǿˣη壬ڶܷӥη塣
磬ģһ㱣ܵġĬЦ磬ƾΪĬ϶ֵˣԲƾһ
٣ӿ͵ֵˣڲŵǴ磬Ҳ̫˼˰ɡ豭ĬһڣЦСģԺֻҪô飬ģᾡƽģһΣҪԼĳΪ˳µˡ
ǿ˴֣˼˵ĬȻǮƣող漰ڵҽǵϴҲȻ飬˵ˣ飬Ҫ֪ͨ㣬ѱ
ĬûȥǵҧĽ֣תƻģˮʵڲ´ǻǺȾưɡ
ǵҲȲ裬Ϊ˲˵ע⣬Ҳһβ¥ġ
ǺãˣЩֵܺúúȾơĬĬһᣬ˵ˣ磬ϴҪϺҳԷɣ
ǵģ˵Ҫҽ㡣
ʲôط
Ƿӥ̳ǵ̾һϴϲںˡ
Ĭ׽ǵ˼˼Σ˵ܻܲط
Բ󡣡ǵӦ㣬ѾǸ㹻ˣҪ㲻磬ǺͲ˵ˡ
ǺðɣһȥĬ˿ʱ䣬Ѿˣǵˣȥ׼׼
ţ㾡׼һǮϴһ˳ļ򵥱׼
˲¥Ĭһ˵ĵطͨźĵ绰Ŵ磬еҪæ
˵ɣҿʲôԴźӼ֮ҲĬ¼ˣǵֵܣΪҪĬźڿѾﴦ̣ڵķ⣿
Ĭǰڶȫ֣֪Ƿӥܷӥϸ
ź˵ܷӥǰǰȫֵˣΪ˴󱻿ˣպ󣬾Ϳʼĺڵġ
ĬʣӦ˲캦ɣôû˲أ
ӵļԱȽ죬ҺйĸϵȽһ㶼һӡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣΪйϵͲץĬЩ˵Ŵ磬ЩסȻǺϴ󣬿϶˺ܶ˲˵к̨Ҳܷң
ϵֻһԭ򡣡ź͵ҪǣȻǶеĺϴ󣬵ǲûиɳʲôӰӵĴ¼ʲôΥĻеüΪΣҪҲһ׵飬ԴҶֻ۱ֻۣȥɡ
ĬҪĲǿ϶ܹ鴦ģ˵˽˽ؾһֻ԰͵ȥ
ֵܰҿʶסźĽ͵Ȼ˽˽ؾ⣬ǹֺǰȫҪ֮һǲȫֹģһУҪ볹ڵɣǸǵǰ״ɵ񣬾ȫһڰǹһʱ䣬һڰͻ𣬶ƻӻң˵ǲֹӵġ
Ĭ¶źĻͬ˼Ҹ۶ĻʼҾţɣڰȻĳ֣˼ľţɣȻֹܽڰķչֻҪڣͻкڰڡ
ź㻻һ˵ڵԾͱȽϺˣӥڶ󣬾ͿԱڰڰ֮ĻƴҷӥжҲ̫ţϲûɶٶӵӰ죬ǰȫֻͨǾǲҪ̫֡
Ŵ˵ҲеҪͻȻѷӥˣǶڵһƬҵģʱڰɱڰƴǻصӰ죿Ĭ뵽¶԰ȫֵŭҲʧӰˡ
СôͻȻܷӥˡźǷǳʹް
ܷӥҪɵңҵȻʹˡ
Ҫɵ㣿ź㲻ʲôطˡ
ϴҲ֪ݣǹָһΣȻͻģıҸɵ
ʵĬϴֻǹвһܷӥֵҹɣΪͻԼܷӥìܣĬŰѶתһ£һźŻ᳹׵ذԼ顣
ȻǸкɡź
ĬܷӥȻûʲôӰʵϣȴǸɱرˣǸкϺҺͽˣǻһģպҷ˾裬Ȼڱһ£ǿĻᶼûˡһоǣܷӥúܣҪ˭ǰţҪɵ˭˵ˣȥ𣿡
ź̽˼ǣ
ɵĬݺݵһﷸúܣҼܹ
źһᣬ˵ɵ£ֻҪˣⶫľͻңʱ²ճ
ĬһЦŴ磬и뷨֪вС
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ֻҪӥﲻң붫ľͲҡĬ˶٣˵룬ԺڳԺڵ̬ɵǼһǵ˾ܹںʱٰƵӥϴλȥӥ͵һŵϴӦòҵġ
˵ԼźЦСӣ㵱ӥϴ󲢲£ҿҪ㣬ϴȻܷ⣬ǲհҪҪϴϴһ군ǲðյİɣ˵ˣΪֱǿڷҲӦܳġ
ĬЦŴ磬ˣҲȥǹƨϴ󣬵ܹҵʵѡ
ź˵˵
ҵǰ½սӵսѣΪⱻˣҸұ֤ƷоԱܷӥˡ
ĬеѡȻ³ˣ֪³ɵƷкȻСӲһõľˣٲһˣңǰԭлᣬⷽҲк˽⣬ȫ滻ܷӥѡ
ҶΣǴɱжֵܰҵġ
Ĭ֮ᵽһ㣬Ϊź㷭Ҫԭ򣬼Ȼ³ǸɵĹ֮һǾźĶˣźҲ֧ġ
㡣źôж
ϣܷӥҪȥӥ̳ԷǵĵһҰʱʮ׳һƾͿˡ
ǣҪƨˡź㿪Ц
ĬҲЦʵǰǰ鰡ֻҪջɹͿˡ
ˣϻˣһϵȥ㰲ˡ
˵绰Ĭֲͨ˺ͬĵ绰ͬӣͰп𣿡
пգСʲô𣿡ͬʵ
ϵСʱܹϹɡ
ȥͬЩɻ㲻ԭôֻضȥˡ
ҽģǿҪҪǰæ
ǺãСʱһϵѵԹȥ
Ĭ˵绰ֲͨ³ɵĵ绰ɣ֧ǹһֻѻǹ֧ǹըҩףСϵҪж
ģôдж³ԵЩ˷ܣϹ
֮ĬָĽѩ˸绰ȻѳĽѩסȥˡ
ĬǲĽѩ鷳ģΪԼĽѩѾ֮ˣҪжԵúܼˣҲ˵ˣΪжȻƲСĿжΣԡ
Ľѩ¥µĳվʱѾվ·ߣڵ绰֪ĬжԽ촩øĻȫ¶Ϳ˵˶װ
Ľѩ㣬ϳɡ
Ľѩ򿪳ţʻ΢΢ЦСʲôж
жСǽȥƽӥ
ƽӥĽѩЦôͻȻļƻأӥʵɲк̨ġ
ֲҪӥֻҪɵǰĬݺݵǻ쵰Ҫ鷳ұȰɵ
еͨ𣿡
û⣬ѾͨŴһˡ
ôƻġ
ȥԱߣأǺϸ˵ɡ



һپʮ˻ Ʒӥ
ڻ¥µһ³ɺͿ˰Ĭǰ棬ȻĬֵǵ˵ɡ
Ĭ³ʻ⳵ʵ׼˰ɡ
³ɵ˵ͷ׼ˣںģС㵽Ҫ׼ʲô
Ƿӥ鷳˵ǰܷӥǸаļһ׼ڽϺǼʱɵ
еͨ𣬻᲻ֵĴǵ
ģѾźˣʱ򲻵˴ǣ˰ǡĬѻ˼ˣֺźͨһ绰Ȼѳ˷ӥ̳ڵĵط
ӥشĻֽ֣ʮӺĬ˾˷ӥ̳ﲢûʲôرֻ֮һССֻ߶УмһǳĿҲǷӥν̳ˡ
Ĭ˰ѳͣԶһεĵطȻĽѩĽѩ㣬ֵ鷳ˡж֮ǰĵ㹻˽⣬ӥʶԼ³ɼˣ̽ε飬ҲֻнĽѩˡ
ĽѩЦǺãȹȥһ䡣˵ţ³Ǳȥˡ
ĽѩߺĬǴЯıʼǱԣϿӥϸͷӥ̳ĵϸо
ʱĬӵ˽ǵĵ绰Сڸùˡ
ǺãϹĬ˵绰󣬶³ɵϸһ½飬ȻһǱȥˡ
ڸյСſʱһʮ˳ĬкĬֵܰɣãǷӥܸʶ㡣
ĬڶԷӥѾʮ˽ˣǷӥĸ֮һڷӥĵλͽǵͺաҹһģҲ֪ӥ֮԰ӴԼһǱǵԼļ飬ǱҹɺԼ̫緢˳ͻ
ֵܣǷӥĿˣҪģϣܹϡһ
ĬҲͶԷͻҪհɣԼԤϵһУ쿪˫ۣ
ҲվĬߣϸѲգĬճһǹ
ֵܣⶫȥҪӰģҪʱ㱣š
Ĭ֮ԴǹΪãԼϴζʹǹ˵ԼǸϰߴǹˣһҪǲöԷԼľ衣
аǹǹ˵ӻֲǲ֪Ҫʲôȴ΢΢Цǿ˾Ӧ˵Ĺأûʲôġ
Ǻðɣֵܣóһ·
Ĭ˵ͷͦصȥˡ
аٶƽף沢ûжˣеɳĸˡȻˣĬȴоһѹֵգȻڴΧ¥ϣŲ˵ģֻܷӥΪ˲óһʼͽţԼ
ɳм䣬һʮӣнһװ˵ĸͷŨüַۣ·һŶ̥ǣرȻһڼΣֱֻȻǺܴ֣ȴԳ˵Ĺͭɫһǿ׳ĸоұһֻӥͼһ֪ǺĴ缶
ǷӥϴܷӥѧҳСѧ˲ֽ˹Ұȫ֣ΪһعںŴΥжȫֿˡ
ڱȫ֮տʼ˺ڵġ
ںڵ򣬲ֻǿҪԭĺ궫жָǿǷӥҪ˳ǶָﲢûᣬܷӥʹֵǣֱӰѶָȫˣһûκ֤ݣµǷӥɵģҲûа취
ָ󣬷ӥͳ˶кľϴκκڵͲҪȥսӥȨΪֻһǾǸʹĴۡ
ǰĬ˱СΪڷӥ﷢𻰣ҲĬдģıңĬͱΪѣǼ˽ˣĬͺյë緢˳ͻǳͻ֮˫ϾͳΪѣӥҲûжļƽϣǴҹֳǣĬڴ˷ӥˣһǹָҹɵԴԷӥ˵ǾԵ裬ҹͼӴ׵ĽʹһȻܷӥȻŹĬ
ܷӥһõʽǾڶֵԼ֮ȽжֵԼĵǸԷܺã⳥ҲͨŹԷһģҪǶԷ̬ȶӣǵȴԷľǷıֱ쵽Էļˡ
ȥ꣬һŻСڷӥĵϽ˵Լһ㶼ܷӥȻܷӥͣȻ˺ܲӵؾܾˣĽҲܼ򵥣СӸܷӥܸɵˡ
һΣܷӥ֪ĬµѣĿľԵ÷ǳȷˣһѹһѹգթһңĬֺãȻŹĬҪֲܷӥҲ˲ýǵ˺Ĭ֮ĹϵˣԼֵֶζԸĬ
ܷӥԱߣĽǵͺաҹˡǵĬɫ΢΢һ˿ǣỊ̆һǵϴҪѵԼм䲻ദĬϴϵԼһ·ͺһĬȻ롣
ҹɣĬԹ֮⣬Լмֵ֮ɫһαĬǹָŵĳǼǵ֮ͷҪĬֻĬнǵͺյչˣʹ󸻺ЩҲֻõϴȻͼӴ׵˵һϴ԰ìͷָĬ
Ȼ֪ĬǸ򵥵꣬ϴǺﰡԸôһСӣȫСһ˵ˣԼӥĵϣСǹһ˵ͷۣҲܴġ
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ĬҹɵɫһЦ쵰µ̫һɣ
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ҵ裬ҪЩ汾˿ˣǻˣǳҲɣ



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¼ҵĸоǲһһʸкܰУָоĬǰûģǰؼҵʱСõĴڣСʱ˸ĸĴڣڣԵ˶סˣָоȷʵܰ
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¶һ˵ΪѾ֪࣬ռǱѾȥˣһˡ
У鲻̫֪ˣȻջ˺СõġĬҡҡͷ
Ϊ㱣ܵġ¶㲻Ҳǰ𣬵ȴûи߸κˡ
һġĬΪѵ֪˶ˣСҲǵΪпһЩСõѾˣҲ˿Ρ
Ĭ֪еĶǲαװģ˵߸棬㲻͸¶ֳΪԣͻЩı䣬ʱֻСõһġ
СõĶ˵ʱں˼ε˵пܲµԭί
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Ĭ˼һᣬ˵ɣ治£Ǿ͵ʲô鶼ûзһ취˵ġ
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¶֪ҪĬӭȢԼȻǿܵ飬˺˼ҲĬƣô㣬Ҫ뿪Ĭ᲻ãʱ䣬жǴھҵìУìƵ˼£ȴҲѵİ취
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¶æֲ˲ϵˮϻָЦݣСҲýȥһˡ
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ĬռЩ룬ϲСˣȻôʱʱ̶̿뵽ֻǣǧС㰡ôܿҡȻҲܿңֻϣеӰܹһЩÿܿһӰܺ˵仰Ҿˡ
죬ҿ԰˿֣ǳΧû˻֪޳ܣˣϾĶ㡣죬ҵãȻҵ㷢㷢ںһһе㣬ζһš
ȻĬдĻǶԼһİĽһֿ̹ĵİȻ㰵ԼݰҲһ
ԼΣյʱĬֵԼ˾飬ǴԼٳֵʱ򣬲Լ龰½һȷĬȷȷʵʵذԼġ
ٽһ˵ǴѧУʱ򣬵ʱ¶¶ѾĬ׼ˣĬû͵ڿ㣬͵Լڿ㣬˵УԼȻΨһŮ
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Ĭı仯æɿ¶֣Ц桢Сãˡ
ûʲô塣˵꣬͵ͷȥþû



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ĬҲͷǺðɣؼҡ
˶ЩĬ˺һᣬĬŴ˳¶¶ʲô뷨Ҫʱң뷨Ҷ֧ġ
ʲô뷨ûˡ¶ЩҰҺѣ˵ӦǶԵģҾʱǵġ
Ĭа̾ô飬¶¶ѾӸԱˣտʼҵǹɷ񾢣ʱ
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ҲãҶ˺ܽͣĬ룬ҲҺҲʧһԲĽְɣҼܹȫĵչ˼ܹ¶¶ˣһķա
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˵ԶõѡĬɵ¶¶ǹȥɣδõġ
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֪ԸΪҸô࣬ȻӦԸЩߺ죬ҲԽԽͣȻҲҪм㣬ĺǡ
濴ȻĬϲԼԼҲϲȻǲһˣһԼȴ˳µ顣
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΢΢˵ͷȻذ۾ˣȻڵȴĬǡ
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ûнӴ촽͸оһ˵㣬ȻѾϤζˣȴûôغӴ¾Ȼէ壬



ڶһ 
Ƭ촽غһĴ㣬·ڲͣزӿسӿࡣ
ĬоǾƬҷĻ꣬޵󣬻ɢ˵ķ㣬Ƣ˻ǣеĴУ˿˿شӴ㴫ݹȫ
ָоĺرĬε˵˶޾ģŮеļƷ
ָо¶ǵĸоȻ񣬵ȴϸ΢Ĳͬ¶ԼĹϵѾˣҲԵȻö֮࣬䣬ĬǰһЩңҲ˵İеģİŮʱһݼ֮ģⲻĬԵЩҲЩ١
Ȼȫּ飬ͬʱҲìܣϾһŮⲻԲ˼ҲԲ汾ˣΪǰԼĬˡ
ϳۣĬǻȵ˫ԽԽ죬ĿֻСڱģ·ʱҪһ㡣
ĳǣ֮ǰûûó˸ڣΪ֮ĳǣ׸Լѵˡ
ڣΪĬǰ˰ĽԼԼСģѳ׸ͲΪοԼҲǡ
ԺвɵûĬʱദĳԼ򷢼ʱԼ龰ԼʱԼӵ龰ԼᶡΰʱԼƵ龰Լ䣬Լڿоʱǲ֪ӣȥϼʱΪϴߣݿԼĳԼСĵСϪܲؾԼ龰
һеһУԺ̵Ӱ죬ţԼǲڶʱЩģԼྫʵĴꡣ
ûڵǣǰǰԼİȴΪԼĸ߰ĮԼתϲ˱ˣҪԼ㷢Щŵ㣬ҪԼܹҵʶԼ⣬ǻ˾Լˡ
뵽¾ȻʹۿеˮҲԽԽ࣬ܲסػ
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صԭסѾ12ˣĬɳϣˡ¶ȱһƽó͸ԼǸ
ܹһۺɫڿ㣬һźһҡ
ɫСڿͷǳ污Χô年Ű͸Ļ꣬ڿǰ棬һغɫĻڿǻ
Ȼڿ濴ո£ǴӹؼλǵĺۼĬǿó洩ģҴ˲ֹһΡ
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æס뷨аСӻǹ֣СĿ˼ҵӣȻ޳ܵػζ
˼ֻصıаĬ˵ıʼ˵µϲã治ûΪұ̬ǺȻؽ飬˽ܵĶ͸ңҵת仹ǲС
ֻǣҳʹ⣬ʲôܸԺԶһɡ
Ƿżоżģа룬Ҳ֪дЩʲôȻдôƪ
ȡżһҳֽÿֽ϶д֣ǲ١
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Ȼдĸʽܲ棬ּǺܹȻдʱ棬Ц˵̬ǲ
Ĭ΢΢̣Ķݡ
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ʮռǣ϶Լ飬м䣬ĬԸܵõʱܵί
ռ֮дԼһλ
СҲҵռǣǳƽˡ֮԰ռժҪ㸶ʲôֻǲźᣬԺȻǺѣ¶¶˵
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ˣ͵ΪֹɣԺǻǺѣ˭ҲҪЩˣo(_)o
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Ĭţ°ٸнǰȻҲµһЩб仯һΣǶĽĽӴ
Ĭ˺һᣬûд򿪣ŵһɵ㣬Ĭɡ
װãһںڵ㷢ʮ׳СĴָôһȻı˵㷢
Ĭ˵ռǱ汣ż㷢ڿƪռǵʱ򣬲뵽㷢Լķɡ
㷢棬һ漸֣Щ㷢ͲȥռˣһҪúǣ
ĬѸֶװزȻȥϴһ裬Ѿ賿һˣڴϣȻշתߣԺг¶Ӱ⣬żðӰ



ڶ Ƶջ
ϣĬɳϿ飬һ𣬴ӵ
ôˣңĬѰ˼ͬʱſʵ˭
Сҡ⴫͵
Ĭȥ򿪷ţЦЦƽ㣬ɡ
Ƶװ⣬ȴǡôɫĴΪӰԻõɫʣ۽ë鶯ɫʣ飬ںڳ£һɫ˿ƳȹյüΪԸУر˫ﲨ׼¶һ飬ʱСġԸкջ
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Ĭһæݲ裬һЦûʲôһסˣƽ㣬Ȳ衣
豭ѺһڣĿͶĬӣСŮôˣ
Ĭ룬˵ȥ֪ԭˡ
ңĬ򿪵ԣóƴ϶Ȼ󽫵еһƵ
ƵǱĶĬϴκͺ½̸ʱ¼¼к½˼Ĵѣк½ʾĬŪŵİʾ
ʵĬƵˣһֱûҵõĻᣬռ֤ݣ֤½Ķ֮󣬲ŰЩ֤ݸơ
Ȼ׼½Щ֮ϵķŭ֮ɫ𽥼ء
´磬ҾõʱһΪʲôıڱ³ɶ֣һˡ
رĬѯ⻰ʱ򣬳ƵԽأΪ½Ļȷǲ뺦ԼŮˡ
Ƶĺ½ûзĬʻʵʲôˣ
ĻشȫȷĬĲ²⣬а½֮飬Ӧǽ޹ģô꣬һֱ㵱ְ֣Ȼĺ޲硣
½ĻóƱߡ
ʵɣǳȷʵǸö⣬֪Ҵ˶ñӡ
СŮ·ֵ㣬ڿǰ㵱ֵˣһҵţҲģŮѡ
Ȼ֪ŮѲҲԸŮˣһǲŵģиǣ֮Ҫ˦Һ뿴˵ӡ
еĶȻĬڵĴߣŭû뵽½ʹҺãǰƭúòҡ
Ĭæοƽ㣬֪໹ץסᣬܹ򵹵ġ
ЩǵֻȻӵзɺŵĺܴһֹɷݣұϾһ˼ңԼŵܲ˽ģǼŶ³ܹ׵ؿƸҪ治һ׵顣
ĬһЦƽ㣬ûƵᵽ½ԸϹϹοɲһ򵥵½ԸȻԴУοѪԵϵȻ顣
⵹ҲǡɫִֻҪЊε֧֣ͷǳðˡ
Ĭ˵ֻҪǣź½ͷǳð죬ܹҵʱ򵽡
΢΢һָŵ
Ĭʵһɣһ
ֲһĬСӲһũ𣬳ŵķ
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Ƶ˵ͷðɣҵûʲôʱǲҶҵģҾЩá
ģһʱ̱ߵġĬ˶٣˵ƽ㣬ɣЩĸϹΣԭһˣǺúһ¶Ը½İ취
ĬΪԼϹȻʶǰĹϵȴǶϵܹͨϹκһΣԺܹΪѡ
ĬȻ뽻ôһ߰ѣȴбҪȣ½ϹǵжԹϵ˵ϹβûдӦS鱨ֺȻǸ߰ԵŮˣȴʮˣһͷŮˣŮˣȻֵĬȥ𾴣ȴ
ΣϹϹҵľ󲿷ȨϹ⣬ʱԼԸϹ赺S鱨ˡ
ٴΣϹκСмԼϤԺ󣬾ܹС⡣Ȼһܴʲôһϣ
ţһ绰ġЩǵֻЩĹϵ
ĬһЦⲻйϵģҺֻǸСԹ֪أһȫֵˡ
⵹Ҳǡ˫ۻһ˿ģСЩ飬ǶлˣҪ㡭
ĬϳƵĻƽ㣬ֿĻͲ˵ˡ
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Ĭ΢΢һһʱȻ֪ôش𣬴Լı˵ͳһµҲ˭һ˶أǴ˵ǲκγѽ޵鷨ϾԼҪС̸
ⷽϻЩŲƽһЦԸеջ󣬡֪ŮѺܸ𣬲ֻϷֲôֻҪ㲻Ůѣκκġ
ֻǡֻһǾЩסĬЩΪѵϾϻӣ͵ûʲô𡣡
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ȻĬġװЩʧϾǴӦ飬»Щˣ룬̽СȻǽҪһ㣬ǲǿԳһָоԺװҲӱһЩ
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˵ˣʱȷʵܼįҵӵܸһ˿顣
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һ˵ֱǶֵĻųӣЩĺĬã˳ζ㷢ƺĳ˵Ϣ
ͻȻǿҵڴȻѵѡ
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ԭƽǰҵǰˣѹôͶ롣Ĭ°һԻеŮҲһ
СƵͻȻĬļͷ̧ĬӦͰԸе촽Ĭ͡
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һŽĵǽϾļ٣Ըе촽ر˫˫ۣȺжǵķϣֺ飬ìܵĽ壬ȻĬЩԡ
ĬǸˣ˽ôһŮˣ˱ܵôܲأ˫۳ճյһʱȻЩ֪롣
ƽһЦְסĬͣͷҲһһ㣬Ϣ쵽ĬĿС
ǰΣĬʵЩɥʧԣҲͷͷһ𣬷
ƼĬӦ¼Ǹǣ˳һƣȻĬƵ˴ϣš
ĬҲЩǣԼ˳ųƵȹϣظ۵Ĵϡ
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ղţ֮ԶҲӦǰҵˣһָоɣ˵ˣΪɷܵõ˵ĹػҪѾȥչõĸܣεŮ˵ʵһįʹ飬ղŵΪҲ֮С
ˮӳۿлæͷȥĬС˵ģʵҲǺ½ĻŮˣǰ˺õ˽ԼҲûκγΪֻû뵽ʱķȴôڵλã
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ʱĬֻ˼ģĬ˿ƣԵЩΪѡ
ӵ绰ɣȹȥˡȻЩĸо



ڶĻ ɶ˾
ιС𣿡绰ͷʱûУһԸɡ
ĬհѺͻؼңҲûʲô飬ǵͷʱ䣬Щˣ
ͬӺͰǴʶޡȻ³Ȼڶӥ飬ûж飬ҲͻԭˣǰĴʶĬǾͽдһԶٷһϵһ¸飬ҲǾ֮ꡣ
ĬԼˣһԷǺ飬ǵʲôط
ڻ·԰־¥㵽ſڸҴ绰
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⳵˾һʮǿ׳ӣһ߿һߵȼһ֧̣һڣĬСӣƺǱ˰ɡ
Ĭ΢΢һ㶣ҵĿǿɣô˾⡣ЦЦϼҰѯء
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ʱĬֻˣ˼ģĬҲû˾ǽ˵绰
ʮӺͣˣ˾˿˵ܹʮǮ
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Ĭ˾ϻǮ׼ǮʱͻȻǱ˹ЦСˡ
Ĭ΢΢һЦȻһŰԪƱݸ˾
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ʮ㲻Ǵˮ컨԰ôôǮ
Ĭ΢΢һ»ȻԭǸ˾·Լߵ·ȫϤ˾ĵˣѹղغԼԭĿĵġ
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ĬһԪ󳮻˾Уǽе˾Ǯҡ
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ĻĬ±ŭתʻԱߣȥһѽ˾ԴӴ˳Ȼ֣žžƴ˹ȥ
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ǣҲŲǱ˵˾ߵʵ㵽Ǹʲôģ
˾ǰŵܿ
ǿǴϰ塣޽һЦԭС˾汣ڣѹС˵书·ת



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ֲãˡĬԿЦ˵㿴ϰôܳʱƸң
ǵҲǣ궯Ⱥ塣Цڰʲôϰ壿
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ˡҲڵһʱ䷴Ӧʱɢһɶ
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ƼĬӦҲ¶һ˿ЦݣתͷһʮӶ˽еŽ㣬ȥ¥ϵĿͷһ£һСҪ߹ҹ
Ӷ˰ѷú󣬳԰ĬͷʵС㿴ⷿô
Ĭ΢΢һⷿ䣬жʮƽ׿Ĵ̣װΣйұڵӺҺԵʩȻǳƼҵĺͷæͷǳãҾʱסˡ
ţҺȥϴˣϢɡ
뿪Ĭɳϣȡһ֧ȼ³һͻȻȡֻͨĽѩĵ绰
С绰ͷĽѩ
ҸջԭãĽѩ㣬Ǳߵô
֯϶½ˣȡ֤һ£Ӧþ̡ܹ
Ĭ֪УԲ̫ãֻҪ֤ȷ䣬½ò˶þͻԴҲȥ½⡣룬˵Ľѩ㣬Ǳʲôһʱҡ
⻹˵Ľѩʵˣǽô㣿
鵹ǲ٣϶ǹǼҲƲָͷɺŵľ⣬ЩͲҶˣֻ𱣻Ƶİȫ
סڳƵļɣڵõĬȷлشĽѩЦƵǲͣɷڱץˣСһס˼ҼǧҪֵסٸջ󰡣
Ľѩ㣬ҿʲôЦĬæ͵סֻΪ˱ĸŮİȫ
Ĭ͵棬ĽѩɵһЦ䣬Сӻ氡һ֪Ǹʲô˰ϴôջ㣬㶼޶ԡ
ĬϴԼĽѩϺ龰ʱĽѩȷʵջԼԼ˺ö޵飬ȻζܴĽѩиоҲܻǴεУԼĽѩռ˺ܴһƬռɡ
˵ģ㻹עĽѩֵ񣬾԰Ŷ˵⡣
ûаɣĬ²Щ飬ƽʱҵȷʵЩϲ˰ɡ
תһ룬Ҳͻܣʲôֵƽ־紵Ů˵أҵ޷ǾǶҵĸм֮飬໹һǰŹĻˡ
˵оСĽѩЦֵ֪ܹסջģ㲻Ҫ˼Ҹռ˱ˡ
Ĭ֪Ľѩе˼ԼͳƵദ龰ȻԼȷʵֵסƽջ󣬵ȴԵùһ㣬ͲԼƵˣԼȻĿԲ˼
ˣ˵ˡĽѩֵˣǱߵҪ೤ʱܹ
֪ҪϹ֮ȷĬӦֻҪϹιˣߵİȫͲʲô⣬ʱˡ
ȻһҪʱǺúóȥһ¡Ľѩµҹںòи٣ʱɲæҡ
ĬӦҪˣ飬ʱʱ䣬ҵǿһȥξһ棬ǵǺãʱܹ֤ȥ棬ֻǣܻˡ
֪˼СúС˰ɣһȥ֡
ιĽѩ㣬⻰ͲˣʲôҵСˣ¶¶ֻҵĺѡĬ
ѣĽѩһЦҲŲĻأĺѣĹϵܡ
ΣĽѩ㲻ڳ¶¶ĴװɣȷʵǺѡ͵˵ģǰʱȷʵ¶¶ЩϵѾȫˡ
ˣ㲻ˣǶ£㰮ôžôŰɣ˽Ҫ棬ڰﻹҰ
Ĭæô㣬㶼ǹңҸж
ĸжĻͶĽѩᣬȻЩŮԼ
ôһý㣬ҵȻᾭˡĬȷʵᾭ뵽ĽѩΪϣܹоǵĹͬĿ꣬Ҳ̵ֻܹԼΪοԼͬôʱҲǺ顣
һᣬŽͨҶϵ绰ĬоɶˣëѣȥԱԡϴ衣
ϴǱ߷õĿżźʹĵҲţְôãôǻˣεġ
ְ˺ܶΣˣɱˣֻаץˡοҵĺãҪģڡ
ʲôʱȥְְɡ
еģְκ˿
ȻƲûаȫߺãֻǸãְַﱻץ顣ȻƶԺĬȴܺãڻ̫Се飬ܹ׵ģҪǰͻȻȫСɼ˺
Ĭ֪黹ҪƱ˴ԼǰﲻæģҲûйȥǻصԷɵĴϣ򿪵ӻ
˰СʱͻȻһС˯𣿡ǳƵ
û˯Ĭ֪ҪԼ̸æ򿪷ţЦЦƽ㣬û˯
ʱĳƣֻһ׵ɫ˯£Ȼ˯²ɵĸȴ˼ڼҴиСҲû˷ױƤһϾͶʮŮûʲô𣬲ԭ欵˫ۣʱȴԵЩζżӯӯ⡣
˯ţһġƿɬӼһЦ㲻ɡ
ȻԡĬæÿӣʾƽݡ
ɳϣߺȲˮ
˯˰ɣĬʵ
ձҺ˯̾һҸ˵ְַΣ޵úġ
ӦøĬ룬ƽ㣬ҾӦǰѺ½󻯣Ȼ͸¶ְֵ顣
ҲôģȷʵҰе鶼ܲˡǳĿͶĬСö㵹Ǻϣ⼸ʱɣҲǷա
úĬһʱȷʵԵúܸˣΪںÿĬǵӢôиУȻϲһˣĬҲ֪һ㣬ʹԼǷա
ƽ㣬ģһʱˣġĬ˶٣ֵƽ㣬ɣܹߵÿʹóȥһ£㿴ô
ʱ򿴰ɣʱû飬Ͱôȥɡ
ʵǲϣĬڹ뿪ģûҪĬʱԼߣ˵ˣԼϹι֮ĬҲȷʵ뿪ˣܴóȥһ£һ⡣
ƽ㣬ʲô㣿Ĭʡ
ȵұù˵ɡӦڹؼǷɺŵ㣬Ҷⷽ˽ò࣬Ҫεİæ
ڷɺЩҪ⣿
룬˵ؼ㣬Һͺ½ĲƲָϣ½Ȼץˣһãʱǿ϶ΪƲǴ˾ڶڶ³ûˣǷǳĻţƱһ·µȥŻƲģڶ»ìڼЩɶҰĲСҺǳûң߰п˷ɺš
̾һɺſҸĸһӵѪڣϰ־ǿ˺½ľͷԺļͥԲҺġ
˵ͻȻЩԹҪԼҲܺͺ½飬ܳڵı磬Ǵˣ
תһ룬½ݼαװһģԼͬ߰꣬ûпıĿ˵ҸĸˣǵˣҲǿġ
ȻһЩڵ飬Ƕ֪ⷽʶҲֻǶƤëܸİࡣ
Ĭм֪֮ģȻǰȷʵ˲پù鼮ѧǵ֪ʶǫ̀棬˵ִ˾ˣΨһϣҲֻܼϹεİæˡ
ģһᾡȫ㣬ⷽоʱܹΪָ򡣡Ĭֵ
˵ŵĶ³£΢΢ҡͷǰʱɷôԸţһҪµôܷǷɺţ˵ˣò棬ƾʲôҪǡ
Ĭ֪˶ҪģοźͷɺŻǵжԹϵûеɺŶȹѹصģҪԼȥȷʵΪѡ˼ã˵ҿɣȵù֮󣬿ô飬Ȼ



ڶһʮĻ 
ڶ緹Ĭͳڿɳ̸飬ȴһζĳ漴Ӷ˵ˣ߰˸ˣ˵үãҪָ
Ǻ½ǡƵɫ΢΢һ鷳ģСǳȥɡ
Ĭһ֣ͲµǺ½ˣæ˵ͷ׼ͳһš
ɩӣóˣӦǽһŶԡſڴһŮ˼
Ĭȥһʮٸ˽ٸòȻȲϳƣǿЩֻǶͲϵ鱦ʵ̫ҫһ㣬ԵЩӹס
ģһһװҵӣӴһв£һֺӣ˿˺ܲ˵ʮӣͶ˵ж㣬ӵġ
ļƣĬжʱ߲ư
Ҳо˶Էƣվʲôﲻӭǡ
ѽɩӣ߾ǿͣôôòء½ǺɳǱߣһ̵ɩӣôˣ˾أЩ˵ȥ˰ɡ
֪ԷҲ磬úͶԷϻǰô˵ô˵ɣ
㻹˻͸ɷñӣڸΪСˣɷҲҪݺ
Ĭ֪ԷеԼȻѻ𣬵ԼϾǸˣֿϵǲҪڵĺãȻĬĬڳƵԱߡ
֪ԷƣĻǷǳգɫǵͨ죬ҧΪʲôҪݺԼôĵץҲǻá
ʱ¥ˣĺ½ǵ˵ʱ򣬶ʱ˷леùáүˡ˵ţСǱߡ
Ȼò֪Щ鷳ģǶԼҪõĹùùүܾûпˣͻȻǵȻԵЩ˷ܡ
ƿɲŮܹȥܵ裬æеã
üǲãûм½ǱȥСߵߣ裬ʲôأ
Ҫȥǻġֱ§סõ۵ϳʹɫ
ùöôãôңòùȷʵԼܺãÿδձԼղùõĵлڲ²δʲôء
ҲŲأҰ֡½
ں½ǰΪԼӺ;ԵΣûаѺòԼŮ߸Լˣ½ǰһֱΪֶŮǳУǰʱ䣬Ӹ֪ǳƵ˽Ů֮Եñ˭ŭҪǺ½ͼıʹ绰ˣڣְԼ͵˼ĸŮʹ޼ֱǲԱԺҲ顣
ȻҰֵľ庬壬֪˵Ļ˵ĻǴùÿ˵ģ÷ǳίټĸ׸ղŵʱίޱȣ˫˲䱥ˮƺʱҪ
ϧޣæĺõļã㻹¥ȥɣǴ˵顣
ʲôѵҰֲܼˣ½Ǵ
裬ùôͣҰ֣ҲҰ֡ί
ãùãְһҲǻˣġƺõӣ㻹¥ɣҪ
Ҳȥһ£ֻصԭλãһԵ˵
ƶʱЩŭˣ𱸵⺢ôȥȥ
ۡñ;ίԼ¸ǲƽһƲʱش
Ƽÿ֣һᣬæ§õã費öУãĻ
ƻ˵꣬þˣתܵԱĬĻУҾǲȥ˵һ
ĬǳͬõھȻԼܣ˵ѾԼһһůæ§ס壬ãôĻˣ̸أ㻹¥ȥɡ
Ҳȥǲȥءʵԡ
ĬԺõıֲΪΧɶ׵ˣǾȻԼҪԼ뿪СȻǲƽҲͱ
Ĭǿд뿪ֻаѯʵĿͶ˳ơ̾һɣӦ֪ġ
ǣǼ˵Ϸݵ֡½Цã㻹֪ɣǸˣǸ͵ˣǸıɱ׷ļˡ
ȻԹùЩиУƫ裬ϣƻ˵ùòһˣùԼʱʱֹͣ˿֣ĬĻתԺ½ǽе˵軵Ǽˡ
žһ죬½͵һǰĲ輸СҰ֣ȻǼˣԼһ裬ǲҰְ֣ǲġ
½ԱߵҲˣ˵һڱ׼ͨãȷʵǸҰ֣ͱ˯ġ
Ǻ½ǵɷɽһɣǺ½ձѧʶģѾʮꡣɽһǰҲƼҼΣͺñȽϤ
ߣǲСҰ֡һں½Ƿ򸾣ʵĿͶ裬˶С죬Ҫʵʲôֲҿڡ
ʱƵ˫ͳˮ˫Ȼ⣬ȴʧﲻӭǣǹȥ
ޡ½ǺݺݵһڿˮƣҪҸļңӦù㡣
ĻͷȷʵǺ½֣Ƹ½ôһ˵һʱȻ֪ô
ĬЩ˵ȡʵЩŭǲڵڳǺ½û飬ⷿӾǵĹͬƲ½ڵʱʹȨȻǳ㣬ǹȥǾӦȥ
ģСʲôֵõ˵𣿡½˿Ĭӡ
ԱߵɽһҲСӣҪ죬һúѿ
ĬߵҪҼ˵ȥܰô
½ı˵СӰѸץȫȥģȻʹĬмּɻ䣬ԼϹߴ˼䣬ȻԸĬİ취
ɽһ˺½ǵѺ󣬵˵ͷȻĿͶĬСӣ˵ܴбºҵ˽һ£
ĬһûӦɽһɵĻȴǰ룬ƾʲôҪǴ
ɽһɿĬ˼ͻȻЦԭй˶ų򰡣ȶҡ΢΢ҡҡͷͷ˵ǲ򣬹Ȼ鴫
ĬϵѪҺͻȻһˣǷǳǿҵģرԽԼĵһ޷ĥĳɽһ˵Ļŭôܲȼգ
Ĭʹ侲Ҳȥˣʹ䣬ҲҪͶԷսһϾϵϵ⣬޷˵ȥӦԡ
ҧҧں˵Ҫұԡ
ȻҪˡɽһɫƣⲢʲôԣҪѵ㡣
ĬͶԷֻۣǵ˵ǺãҪô
λͽܣѡһλɡɽһָָӣĵ˵Ƕ򲻹˵ûʸҽ֡
Ĭ˵ɽһɣɽһɽʮһ꣬ձһݡӣݵĹݳǳ˵ãձȫùǾȢ½Ϊ֮󣬶йҲвойսһûʲô֡
ɽһɵжϣҲӦǸ֣ԼȷʵӦСӦԲǡ
ȻҾҪսˡĬ˵ţʹɳվ
磬ҪǴ̫ܰˣ̫ˡͻȻϲӵķ֮Ϊ죬ȥ֮죬ղŻΪ͹ùõĳ֣ܿڼҪ͹ү˱䣬ֻ
ĬõԴùԣĻȥ
šþղŵĿ֮ˣæƵĻʵ裬˵ı߻Ӯ
ƼҵĿǳɳԱһʮ׵ĿյأĬվյغ˵ǺãڿԿʼˡ
ȱæɽһɵȣҪϵǹ֧ȡұ뱣֤ǵİȫ֪ĬйȫֵйϵϴǹҲǺ飬ڽ֮ǰȷİȫ
ĬһЦȡǹ֧ǿԵģҲȷûв
ǱûдκвɽһԼӣЦ㲻ţԶ
Ĭ֪ʱǱȵʱ򣬰ȫҪģܲߵɽһԱߣϸһ飬ȷȷʵûκֶ֮Ժӽ
ɽһɼĬѲ棬вЩЦĿҪҪ½ǽѵƺĬǹȻԼǿսͬʱȴܶ಻Ҫ鷳
ȣйǲǹģǱ鵽ᱻй׷ΣΣǰȫֿ˵ĵطǲĿǹɱˣǹ֧ʵԾͽ˺ܶࣻٴΣǵĿҪѵƵˣпɶԷˣǹǾԤıɱˣǴɵģǾͲԤı֮˵ˣǵҲͻСһЩ˵ʵûдǹıҪ
ĬȷûɱҲһѻеǹȡһӶˣǹŵ¥ȥ˵ڿԿʼ˰ɡ
Ҫǩ䶷ԼʱеһˣһŲΡɽһЦԼҶѾ׼ˣͲ֪ûǩ
ȻбĬ˼ͬʱһŭӶվôˣϻҪҵˣɡ
ߣǩǹƨͬƫƫǩһǴˣҲԼģõŸ
ɳϣЦҺκ˴ܣǩʲôƨԼģʵں³еҽͲˡ˵ɳϡ
㻹ǸͷڹꡣɽһɼĬΪҧҧЭǺãǩˣھͿʼ
ڲͽܱˣҪֱӺȡĬɽһ˽Լ书ʽĻᣬԼͽϺķϾǹϵϵ⡣
ɽһһ㻹񡣡
ҿҲ񣬶㱰ɰɡĬĿ磬ƺ͸ɽһɵ˼һ㣬оң˽һҵʽһЩԲҪͽȳսģû뵽̰ȻڮǹˣǿЦ
㡭ɽһһʱҲԣɫ࣬ȻһʼԳսоûĬҪΪԼֵ׼
ιȥȰɣѲ㻹ëͷСӣ½ʵڿȥˣɽһһѡ
ȻӶˣɽһҲдʣֻվ˵ǺãҽԽѵһ֪ߵغСӡ
£澹Ȼһ׻ҰɫĶ̼ͷ¶ڷĸ첲һ㣬źɫĹâزļź΢΢ţһεɱı飬ȴȻ纣ɫһɱ¶ʿһ硣
ȻǸĬһŴɳվɽһɶսϵıҲԵúȻ
ȻȴأԴһǾĵز֪ȻһսԼвͿⳡ
ȻԺԼҲжΣգϵԼ˵ϣԼ䲻
磬͡ʱͻȻڽһ˵Ӧøү͵ģǸղŹүôףĬУԼľҲ͸Ĭ͡
ĬһоʱǳֵãϾԼռһġ
ʼɡɽһ˵ţһȫȻžž죬ŷ̺һ㡣֮¶һ֣ҪĬʾձߵһսöֲηѹԷӶöڴ򶷵ʱηη㣬һԼܹռúܴȻ
ĬȻ̾ھȴû˿η壬ɫƺһ˿Ц
ɽһɱΪĬоȣȴȻǾɽվŷһʯ񣬿СӹȻǵ֮ȴΣҵĴ󽫷ȣ°֮ǰɵ֣Ӳʵȳְɡ



ڶһʮ 
Ĭ΢΢һЦйĵϣȻӦȳ֡ƽʱĬҲǹغӵ⣬ԼöԷȳ֣ңΪȳ־ռȻֱȶҪâԷ书·֮ץסᷴ
ɽһŭʱӿˣһҾͲˡδ䣬ӱһֻӥĬֻ־ӥצһ㣬ֱĬؿڡ
ĬԷͣⲻãæӶ׳ɹΣγɶֲ˫ַסԼ·Żöɽһɽ
Ĭɽһɵһ𣬷һ졣Ĭֻоֱһ𣬲Ըо˶Էɱ°Ծ裬һȻӦòϹǱҽҪʤ治һ׵飡
ɽһҲԸоĬľձʿľ裬ԽǿĶ֣Լִ޼᲻ݵƣǱȻԼռȻȭĬһҽĬؿڵͬʱͻȻƱץ͵ץĬš
Ĭһʱ͸ԷóȻУæˣԻԷֻ֪ҪԼóȻ֣ԼŻǲ̫©һҪڶʱڻԼҪҲǼ׵顣Լ˽һЩѰƽ֮ȴҲ١
ɽһһûлĬ˫ڵһ㣬ִӵϵ£˫ֱָǰ壬Ĭ˫ۣƿ磬ĿϾӡĬˣֻܽǿɽһɵһС
ɽһɲĬ˿֮ʣҽţһĬĿɣ߶ķ֮͡
Ĭղ㣬ȴǲܵһʱ㣬ֻܵ˫ȥӲؽɽһɵһŵֵ
һ죬ɽһɵĽżǡĬ˫ϣĬ˫ֶĬоڷ飬ľȻʹ࣬аһ쵰Ľ͡
ɽһɵ书ʽǱֻ꣬Ҫռ˹Ȼ;ԲöԷּٴιĬؿڡ
Ĭ˫ָոյֵɽһɽϵĹ赲ԷȭͷֻнȫھۼؿڴӲؽ˶ԷȭͷĹ
أĬؿջӶʱˣں˵һ˲䣬ȴ͵̧ţɽһɵӡɽһɸոչĬһȭӻǰģû뵽ĬܻĵͷͻȻջأұҸ²λȴǱĬһ˸š
ĬɽһɹĵһУΪرʱеģҳ磬Եһоͻɽһɡ
ɽһӺĬźԾȥһ¾ͺɽһɵԶʱŸоؿһɽķϢҲЩԷһȭľʵڲСãԼھۼԼؿڣزǼܵûʲô
ɽһɣȻܻһŲأĬк׼ǡɽһҸµ֯λҸһĵʹұ۸ľȴǲðȻǰ
γ˶ʱĽ־棬ĿŶԷ
ڸղɽһɻĬʽԣĬ䲻ǷһȴԵЩΣΧ˿Ĭǳ˴øǾŹĬ磬ûаҪѽ
֪ɽһɵּʶĬ·磬ҲΪĬһѺʵ֪̫٣Ĵ򶷳棬ʵڲܰæҲֻԱ߸żķݡ
½Ƕɷʮ㣬ּɷĬһȭ±ôˣҲɵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ɽһɵļͽȴǿĬǷĹ죬Ȼ϶ʦǱʤǻǶĬСô˹йǲԻ֮ء
ˡɽһɲĬ̫ഭĻᣬԼֱ۲ָ֮һŷĬؿڣһķ
Ĭһ㿪Ҳһͽɨɽһɵ̣ɽһȴǡʱԾ𣬶Ĭͬʱ˫ƾȻ֧˵ϣȻ˫һ̧Ĭؿڻ
Ҳ˵ɽһʱֺͽŵĹܵһ£֧壬ýŹ֣һôԼĹΧӴ˲٣ǵбģֻֻţһòŵĶֵĹˣȴǿ԰ȫõȥ
Ĭûмľ֮࣬󳷣˫ֲͣɽһֻŵĹơ
ģʲôʽȻôĬа룬ҪҰ򶷾ͺˣҰƲƽ˫ŵأûôжɡ
˼֮ʣɽһɵƵɨ˹ĬóһĽʵھˣҪǸŲߵһţԱȸղŵȭͷлҪʹ˿⣬һ߻Էʽͬʱһ˲ⱻԷץסյһУɲصİܾ֡
Ȼɽһɵ־У֮˫ڵ֧ţ˳Ĭ˵ķ˫Ȼ㹥Ĭɽ·Ҫλ磬Ȼÿÿʽھ
ĬȻ㿪ɽһɴǶԷĳʵ̫ˣȫڲѵ£ҲֻӲȥ赲ԷƵĹǣɽһɽϴЬЬּصӲЬммżⶤ˫ַǳԿԴԴϵش׶ĵʹСȻƵʲô̶ȵ˺Ҳʱǲȥ˼ģֻܲͣؽӦԷǸҵ
ģҪһӥץͺˣֻҪ׼ʱץסܹƽһʽˣĬаͬʱҲʹץ£ɽһ֧ŵʵ̫ˣǿͬʱȻû˿صĬһ̽ûץԷĽ󣬻ԼŻ¶˳ЩС
Ĭ֪Էھ˵ãҪǸһţԼķ߱Ȼ߽⣬һԼͲڵֿĿ籩꣬Ʊػᱻ仨ˮ
ðջҲֻȫأΪڳԵûʲôԼֻг˽ԷʽԺ󣬲ץסᷴȻŤתơ
һվһˣγһһߵľơ
硭Ͱ׵ı飬ʱҲԵԽ
½ϵ΢ЦԽԡ
ת֮䣬ĬѾ˵ǽڴˣһ͵ڿգ˫ںǽһţͻȻ˹һֻϻɽһȻŵӡ
ɽһƺϵһУ˫ż̧Ĭ˫ȵͬʱ˫ҲȻȫ˷˹Ĭ
ɽһ֧ŵص˫֣ҲȻȻȥŵصûܵ˿Ӱ죬ϽϵĹȻ˵
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ڿУĬܼʱֻ࣬˫ȥӭɽһɵĻһ죬˫ֱɽһɻУһĵʹ
ûеһ죬ɽһɵҲǡĸ
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ĬȻһţû˿ңڿһת䵽Աߵĵϣֻ֮ƺظȴǴʹУȻԼ˲ᡣ
ʱּɽһԸղŵƹ˹аģ˱ľУҪƽһУǶԸ׶ˡ
ֻǣҸղŽǽڷûƽһһţҪƽһУ̸ء
˼֮ʣɽһɵ˫ֹǰæ֣ӲԶǽڵķͷˡ
ʱԱߵĺõļѾձֻͣĿתǱߡ
ǰԵǣСƺҪˣУұòȡжСİֵ
С˵ˣǱΧаȫֵ𣬶һСڣôڻæء
Ƭ̼䣬Ĭ׵ľ룬ǡÿԱߵһ͵زһ£а취ˣ
Ĭȭͷһգ˫һߣɽһͶȻ⵱ͷĴȱɽһɻһţȴɹֹɽһɵǰҲǿγ˽ֵľ档
ʱĬͻȻһԾ䵽ߣ͵ҽţȻһһ׶ߵĴϣӲ߷
沿ջ⵹˹Ĭ׼ʱҽٴǡ˴мĲϡ
ﾭܵĬһŰ̼㻯Ƭɽɽһڵķ֮ʱѵѵ
ɽһɼæȻ˫ŵأʵȻûбƬĲС
ĬһЦûиɽһ˿˼ʱ䣬һǰȥҪɽһɡɽһɼĬû˿ңٴν˫ţĬȭͷӭ˹
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ĬȻԼЩ£Ҳûа취飬ܱȶҪðɣ˵ˣҲ쵰жô£Ĺõ֤ԼЩҲһƽɡ
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ǣɽһɳҲûиղˣûйĬСȷĬš



ڶһʮ 
ĳ棬ɽһɵļͽܿＱ½ǰСҲ̫쵰˰ɣȻѴˡ
½ǸΪԼɷģнһɣСһЩ
ƿĬת˹°һҲ¶һ˿ظЦ
ãȻ׳תǿôʵĴ򶷣ȴ̲ס֧СžžžĹле͡þʰ
ɽһɼԼԽԽԿ֪ԼҲʹʽԵˣֻںĬҽţҪӷתʵһ׵顣
˼֮䣬ֲĬץסףҪԼȸץסʱԼһ˦ԼˤҲˤУԼðգҲڵһʱӵվ
ɽһҧҧȫĬ׼Ĭ˵һ˲䣬˫ڵһţӶʱһ̵һ㵯һ˲䣬ֻ˳ץһƴСĲƬ
ڰеʱһʮȷת˫Ÿһ棬еǿ鲣ͷ˳Ĭؿڡ
Ȼ֪ⲣǲĬģȴĬʱҲñԼûվסŵ£Ĭֲ
һ⣬һХĬؿĬͿ׼һУ˫һԾǰ壬ӾȻڿնſǲƬҲǡô֮˹ȥ
ڲƬɹȥ֮˫ȾͿٺһ𣬺Ƶһɷɵ˹ȥ
ǰ̫֮Ĭ˫˽һ׸ߣҲڰбʮȣȻһ̤̺
ɽһɸոմӵҲûʱԼŻֻӲؽ˫ȭĬ˫ӭ˹
žһ죬Ĭ˫ǡõ̤ɽһɵ˫ȭϣһǿľ͸Ьף͸ĽƣƷ飬ӷ˹
Ĭĵط׼֣֮ûк˰벽
ɽһɵȭͷǷһȻⲢ죬ЩճϵĲƬǿɷĩ
ӣǿܵײʯͷ˳ȥֱף˫Ȳ䵽˵ϣȻŵ̤˴һϣǿվӡ
Ѫ˫ԴԴϵ˳Ʊ̴ĺ
һ´׵ľ룬һغϣĬˣλɽһɵȲʵʩһҵĵ̤ɽһɵ˫ַϵһ롣
ʤֳˣǲҪˡԱߵĺʱȻ˴򶷵ľʣĿڽͣϾ߶Լˣϣķ̫ܵص˺
ã֡õĺ󱳡
½ȷʵСӣҲ̫˰ɣȻòˡֱǶй˵ˡ
Ĭһ䣬˻й𣬼޸ձϹͲ˵ˣȻҪձϹǹˡ
ʱйøϻһٴ͵سɽһɣ֪ԼѾռϷ磬ɽһһ󼤹϶ֲ˶õģ˵ˣɽһɽôãҲ˶ֵʽǷʱˡ
ɽһɼĬ˿Ĵ⣬æӺùӭĬҹƣ̾ͽ߰Уȭ֮ʱһ졣
ʱǰȴǷ˺ܴת䣬ռѹԵƣټɽһأһᣬɽһĬȫɽһȫء
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ɽһɼԼʵмܲסˣһеʯޣĸŮץ
еʯޱͽ֮һʯްѳƺͺץĿʵԲˣǱҪĬģȻԼҵĻᡣ
Ĭԣаģ쵰Ǳɣ˵䶷û뵽ھȻҪŮ֣Ҳ֪Ǹ˻Ϊ
ȻĬѾɽһɵͽѾվģΪϵԷһС
ɽһɵͽ׼Ƶһ˲䣬ſͻȻһУȻҿǹˡ
תĿȥȻһճǹվſڣǹͷǡö׼Լߡ
˶ʱƶ֣ȻӺпܶӵԱߵĺ½ȴƽŮӣôܶ
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³ɵͻȻ֣ɽһɷģɨǱߵĵͷĬȭͷȴ㹥˹
һ죬Ĭȭͷһȭɽһɵؿڣֱڡ
ɽһףԷҪԼߵͣгǹҲϣ˵ԼòȥɻԱߵ³ɣȫͶ뵽ĬĽУҪǵ
֪ȥǲȡʤĬģΨһİ취ȡʤ뵽Ǽҵʽ˹
ĬԷٴιҲӿ˳еٶȣٴκɽһɲ
ɽһڽּкֽ·磬׼װܵӣ濿ȥһᣬӾͱĬƵ˴ǰ
ʱͻȻɽһҵعĬȭȻͻȻԾӺ˿У˫ֲͣĬͬʱ˫Ҳͣӵ
ǺյģӾһֱеϺһ㣬˫֣ϺӵǯӣͣعĬؿںš
ΪɽһɵǺյģĬʵڲùһĬֺͶԷγ˶ŵľ档
ʮУĬͿɽһһ䶷㣬ɽһɵǺյģʱֻǽںԼʱϳֻҪԼÿһģȻİ
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ĬѵãԸĺûᣬһǰҽ𣬹湥ɽһɵĸɽһ׼˫£ٴӲؽĬżĹ
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Ĭû뵽ɽһɻһУæͷϵɽһɣȻɽһɲûĬĹ˫ֲ֪ʹõʲôȻʹؿסĬĲӡ
ĬһȭɽһؿڵͬʱɽһɵҲѾϷԾ󣬶˫֣ȴǽĬıסĲӡ
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Ĭץסɽһɻһ˲䣬һһһɽһɵ˫Ȼһǰ壬˫ż̤ǰϣӾȻڿһһٰʮȴת䡣
顭Ĭ˫ŷת֮ٴεɽһɵؿڣһΣ˫ϽȸղǴε̤Ҫ˺ܶ࣬ɽһܻ֮ؿڷһ죬Ҳʱһʯͷ˳ȥصˤǱߵĲ档
ˤڵ֮ɽһɾҲûˣؿڲͣҽš
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һɡ½Ǽɷ˲أ˲³ɵĳǹɳվɿسɽһɡ
Ĭû½ǵΪ֣̾һڣģΪ˴㣬ӿöȭͷ˸³ҲԿ
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žǱ½ǵĲҽ
ĬĿȥȻֺ½ˤһʺ˫ƺ϶˵˵ϣڵϵǲϸ۵񶹸Ȼ͸ˡ
ۡ½ǷѪԼ沿֮󣬶ʱ
ɽһɵӼʦʦĸˣҲһǱ߳˹ȥ
üүҲùѪ棬Ҳ֮ͬ飬裬ùáүҪˣǸô졭
ǵ£ǵ顣§סҪȥֵĺã˵ãȥǲĹùáүֻ˺㡣
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˵ǾͲǡԭҽġ
ʱĬҲߵɳϣ˵ãĻҪȥǱΣա
ŶǺðɣǡôѪ
Լ֪ĬĿǱߣɽһɵͽѾŪ˳ȥȻҪȥҽԺˣа룬˵ķϣӡ
һᣬɽһɺͺ½ǾͱŪ



ڶһʮ߻ ƽϢ
磬ӮˡһΣòûһĬӦϹαʱǰ˷ܣмǵֻδ˵ҹүҡһѪ
æõԴĳ˵ãҪǸ粻˴ˣͻɱġ
ôܡþС죺ǰҺܺðôɱǣ
ȻˣѵǸղŶǶˣõãǻˣͺ͵ӶЩСձһ
ŶˣүСձ´½һ˷ܣ˵ģСձǻ
ĬһЦʵСձҲк˵ģֻүһ࣬һ˱Ե֮⣬ĸŮĴͷȻӦýѵǡ
С廹ðɣûУƹе
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ĬһЦСѾͷǿƬ˰ɣڹˡһЦû¶һС˶ѣһȥҽҿˡ
Ȼ˵ɣȴȻʹĸоرؿڣղٱǼһţڻЩƶµĸо
ֵܣղŵıʱ³Ҳ˶Էɳϡ
Ĭ΢΢һЦллǿ鲣ȻǼһĶ֡
³Цô˵ʤˣСӦǿطֱû
Ĭ³ЦеӣѾµԼط㣬΢΢ͷţ飬òŶ˵ġ
³ҲĬ˼һЦ֪СӣⱲ϶ֵˣʲô
ǻڶ³ɺһͻȻ裬˾ǴΰҵĻ˵ţӿƵĻӾȻ΢΢
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ֻǣղ³ЩϤټͬųǹ³ɺǰܷ
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Ĭô˵ͶĿϸ³һЩɵЩЩ񡣡
ڵ³ɣȷʵǴε³вС˵Ĵźͷϣ³ɹ͸ıˣٴĬղŵԣյΪӲǰĶˡ
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ȻС³ȻϲɵЩ졣һô˵ǲںЩÿаСŮôΪԼȷʵЩˡ
ˣùԣȥҵˣȻһ᲻ȥСˡƵ
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Ĭ˿ʱ䣬ѾǾŵˣʳƵƽ㣬ʲôʱ򵽣
ʮһӵСͷҺɣһҽ˿ȥǡ
û¶һСʱȫ㹻ˡĬȻϹβ޺øУҪ˫ĵжԹϵܷԼС̵飬ĿͶҽţҺɣһ㡭



ڶһʮ˻ ɺ
ʮʮңĬһ񳵣ͳƺһȥˣյһͼϹκıڡʦһдӻ˳ܹǰ˸ˣǴκĬԵĳ쪳ҲС
ϹδһɫVڵëɫȹܺõĹճߣɫ˿Ϻɫĸ߸ЬԵþ΢΢Щױ۾촽ԸУü¶һε˲Ȼ𾴡
СˣӭȥǣϹε֣ϳ˻ЦС̣ʲôأ
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ҲӭȥΣ˰ɡ
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ȻЩĬû˿ֳںϹλϤҪһϤ֮󣬲ⷽ⡣
Σ棬ǳȥɡ
Ϲε˵ͷһ˳˺ϳϹξѯһЩϸڣƶش𣬶Ĭȷʻȫ£Ҳż˵һ䡣
ʮӺͻصˮСϹε˵Ķ٣ĬʱҲ˿ļһæ˶
ڰᶫʱĬǳ쪳ۣǸ´磬Ǵδ飬ǲ˼ϣ㲻Ҫ⡣
쪳ǰ鹢ڻĬǸеԹʱɢæЦǴҼˣòŵǸġ
ô˵Ҵ㡣Ĭʵ湦ͱȲ㣬ʱȫǸӰŲ˵ǲ˵ˣұһġ
쪳ȻΪǴεı˲ٵ˺ĬΪʱԼϰҪĬԼ򶷵ģϹλҪԼĬĬԼ֣ԼúƴһҲûж˼
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ˣǾͲÿˣԺѡ
ţСӣ˵öԡ쪳۳һֻĬļ򣺡ԺǾͲҪǴεˣҺСӣԺѡ
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ĬϹκһڲ裬ʵ㣬ղ˵Ǻ½鷳ô£
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ȵǵģҹүѪǱߵĲˡ˵ţСָָǱߵĿȱĴ
ͦ𣿡Ϲƺмּ̣ĿͶĬСӣ书ǲѹҽ㶼Ҫ㵱ˡ
ȻЩмȴǰ֪ɽһɵ䶷ʵģԼڳ쪳֮ϣĬȡʤɽһһܰ˺˵ȷʵкǿʵϴȡʤ쪳ۣӦòǽȡʤ
Ĭ΢΢һЦδˣֻðˡ
ϹζĬĻм⣬СӲͦ߰ôڱ˿ˡתһ룬ڿƽԣҲƽıڣȻӦöҿһЩ
ֻƽ׷ǹʣԸЩįȻôĸԸİƽأѵͼı뵽¶Ĭһ˭㣿
ϹôһʣĬһʱЩΣȴǲ֪ôӦֻǰҲ̫һɣڴͬһսϵˣʾã㲻Ӧǳ༥ʵʧϹҼݰɡ
ƼΣæЦΣСϵĵܵܣҵĽãȻӦóƺһ㣬ֺαؼƽأ
ϹȻĬǶ㻹Ǻܿ˵ͷԭôƺԡ
С̣͸ƺͰߵϹԱߣ䣬˵ʵ˺ܺõģ⼸춼չҺ裬书ôֱµһ֡
ϹõЦӯӯҺ͸粻ǲֻͣϲˣ㲻÷ϡͬʱȴǰҿĬְΧѾ˱˰ɣƽõĶѵС뵱ҽ
һ˿ѹСӻƴƽ㣬ԭĴ㣬ߣǾСӵóѵġ
ʱƵֻͻȻ˿һС˴ģȻͽ˵绰
绰ﴫһӵưڼ𣿡
ӦڼңСˣʲô𣿡
绰ͷģҷǳǱߵ飬׼һǱ߿аĵط
㶣ЦȻˣȷʵҪİæ
ˣѾǱ˰ɡ
Ƶǵģոյ̸ߵء
Ϲ̸߰˷ӣŹҶϵ绰ȻĿͶϹΣΣҪ
ҪϹ˼ص˵ͷǰɷϵУ˵˵ǰ˭ء
Ҳ֪½ԼС˵ĹϵټĬѹϹںпܺͺ½һ˲ټ˵ĹҪʱҲǵǣȴǺʹʲôֶʱ򲻵ԼʧϹҳҡ
Ҫߵϸ𣿡ʡ
Ϲ˼һᣬͷȸʲôӦҲòͼȻ㡭
˵һᣬƿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮˣǵȳ緹ɡ˵ţͽӶ˰ѷ˶ȻΧԲһ
ԷʱĬûٺϹ˵ѾͼϹκͺˣӸͲԼʣԼԼȴ˵ƨɰɣ
ϹȥɺſһҲ֪ɺңϹȥһˣǱߵһ£ǵǺãھ͹ȥɣʱЩɶ͸߲Աټһθ߲顣˵ţĿͶĬСҲһȥɡ
ĬȻԾùУȥһܱȲȥĺãɺҲԶǾ͵ͷӦˡ
Ƶ֣裬ҲҪȥ档
ãС̲ǸôڼߡȥأͲҪȥˡ
Ϲ֮ǰƻҰѺһڼıڵټ³ɺͰȫֵķǷǳȫ
ҾҪȥ
ôĵɣ춼дҵˣԿƬҲȥǧ
ϹҲҪĻȺˣС̲ٴȥǸ۶档
Ǻðɣ¥ȥƬˡ˵ţһ¥ȥˡ
źǻıӰƲ̾һȻ½ǵңȻûа߸ãһԼ֪ôӺ˵𣬶ǺССܵ˺ֻ֪վӦøģԼ׸ô˵أ
ĬϹΡһǰɺŵģϹεڡһʦһҵԱܹ߸ˣȴǡðһԽҰ
ȻϹεıҲῪĬҲİˣٴΰ˾γеʮӾ͵˷ɺڵĶ
ɺλڶϽǵĸнƼ԰һִоִƼҵռؽĶƽף԰ڻǳţ񣬲ݵˣùҫʣһжչŷɺŵľ޴ʵҵ¥϶һʮ˲¥ۺϴ¥ɺŵͷĿ칫
Ĭѳͣͣ󣬾͸ųһʮ¥ĸ߲ȥˣڵĬŮȽϽϢǳŮϵĿȴǲԼͶϹΣٴѰ˼С̵˼ĺŮʲôѪҺϵɣѪҺϵǵ׻Ĺϵأ
Ϲŷ˵Ѫͳ۾ԵЩҲеߣ˼ȴû˿ô˼Ӧúĸûжٹ
ǻ᲻Ϲεĸ׺˼ʲôϵأ
ȻĬⶼǺҲ²ѣΪڸͲ֪κιСֻǴС̺ϹǵƶˣҲʵϣ˽òеưˣͲκѪԵϵ
½İ칫ڴ¥תǵشʮƽףں½ˣȻͳˡ
ûŻĶ³ϣǺĬϹεԱߵɳϣڽ˼󣬳ֽ֪ͨеĹɶ͸߲Աڴ￪ᡣƽ㣬һ⡣ߺĬͿ˵
΢΢һЦʲôʰɡ
Ƿɺں½ֵʱ򣬾ѾǳǿˣǸʱ򣬼Ȼкܶ˲ţ룬Ǵڹ˾ɡ
˼һᣬ˵ǰˣˣ΢һܲøˣҲΪǴſֲϮ¼ĶӰ죬ʱˡ
ˣǴηɺź̸̸дǴſֲϮ¼֮󣬼ڶԹ˾Ӱ첻ã˾ͱ»᳷ְˣȻⲢǸ˱˵ĹʧɵģԹ˾Ǹһʲڹ˾Ĺɷݡ
˼˵ǰһֱǹ˾ܲã˵Ƕ֮һĬʵ
ƵͷǵģѾڷɺŸʮˣҸ԰뵽ɺġ
ô˵ȫܹŵùˡĬ֪ڷɺ˻϶Ǻ½ĵ𣬳һŮҪǾԲһ׵飬ݵķҪһڷɺżܹε˾ȻǳƸ׵ʱѡˣ˵ҳڳҵģǴκ½ֳ˻ˣ˵Ǻ½һģ״ǹ˾Ա
ӦֵܹΡ˵Ҳһ˿򣬡С˼˵ڰع˾
Ĭ˵ͷȻڼңһ˾Ѱ취
ϹҲû뵽һ㣬Ĭѣа룬ǲϾ߰ʱ䣬Ǻ½ѾϰѷɺڵĹ㻻ˣڱҪ÷ɺţͱ뻻һֹԱ
ĿͶĬһЦСӲ֫ͷҲЩǻۣңаȫֺŵҪܰҶԸҾ˾ˣ϶٣
ţҲ޳ɰϹεǴΪ¼ְĹԱǶӦ취
ֻߴ統ǷɺĳְڷɺѲȥһӦġЩǵ
ƽ㣬ͲõˣӦûġĬȣǺ½Լͬż˳ȥӦðں½ϣͺ½ͷ֮УǾγһͬˣΣڷɺŴô꣬иİο㸸ģȻ㵱ԼˣٴΣɺܲõλãȻǸҪǿˣ½Щͬż˳ȥȻڻ˵ȥͲ鷳Ǹһĺûᡣ
Ƶ˵ͷСúеھ͸绰Ρ˵óֻͨ˸˼ĵ绰
ϹμĬ뵽ǴϺ羰ʱĬԼ˿ƺǷа̾СӹȻǸ˲ţԸĶǲһڷ˵ص㡣



ڶһʮŻ С
ʮӺ󣬳ƹҶ˵绰ĿͶ˹˵ߴȷʵϢڼңҵ󣬺Ը»صɺŵĹ㣬һͿһˡ
Ĭ˿ʱ䣬Ѿӣ˵Ǹ˹ӦˣʱǸûʱлǰ̸ҿһĻϣͱҪصɣ֮ϸپ顣
ţȿЩԱ̬ȣϸԲߡƶ˶٣˵СһҲμǵĸ߲ɡ
Ҳǹ˾ˣ²˼μӰɡʵĬҲԼӦòμһĻ飬һѧٶܰƽ⣬ָֻ֪߲壬ǹϵ˼ҼҵܵģҪԼμӣ϶Աķġ
ûʲôҵܵܣҲ̫ԡһЦ˷̫ңⲻ˵Ҫǡÿ
Ĭó˵úеǵǺãһһμӡ
Ĭͳ˵ڼ䣬ϹһֱûвڣأԶһ豭Ƿ촽ߣûкȲ裬һ˼ӡ
˺þãŰѱӷ£ƽ㣬ǷɺŵĹµҵи취ǹֹͲ֪ԸԸ⡣
æΣ˵˵İ취ҪеͨҵȻԸˡ
ܼ򵥣ǾµĳżչǷɺšϹĿͶƣЦЦȻǶչǷɺˣʵȴǺǽɷݣʱӳзɺŵĹɷݣԴﵽƹ޶ȣĹɶǳżŵֵĹɷݡ
ʵϹξռзɺŰٷ֮ĹɷݣϹҲռаٷ֮Ĺɷݣֻɷʵ̫СͲܶԷɺжٹȨ
֮ǰżҲչɺŵĹɷݣɺһ򶼷չúܺãټϳƵĸ׺ͺ½ӵоԹȨˣԳżҲûǿѣֻǺͷɺγȵսˡ
ڣ½̨ˣɺŵͻȻûҪǶԹûǿļע룬ɺŵĹбȻµ˵ˣֻһŮӣԹͲУҪƹŵĴȨƺܣܰԵĹȨˣżչϹҵɺţҲʧһõķ
Ҳ취ȻĲƲٶ٣ǶԸһֽķɺЩᣬһʱҲò⣬˫Ŀ䵽бĴ⣬һڤ˼ӡ
㣬ʵ͵ǰǹɺתˣٰƹȨǾˡϹε
ϹȷʵɺźתⲻڰԼ㣬ڰԼΪڳƺãɺŵܹԼȻӦñԼ˶ԷɺŵĿȨ
˵ˣȻĬǸ˲ţȴȻмֵ⣬ڳĸŮߵôҪСʹõ㼿ɺŵ˵ͻᱻռУʵڲ뿴鷢
ĬҲǷɺžеһð취ٹ˾ϲҲȰƽ㣬˵úеҪɺŵĸ񣬿ҲûǸҵ˰æһܹپУɺڲһЩ
Ϲ϶ĬԷɺͼıԼʵЩ⣬Сô˵ѵǳŷɺģСӵʲôأ
ɵöһݺ棬¾Ȼȥ˽
΢΢ͷţ˵úеһ͹ɶһ¡ȻռŷɺźܴĹɷݣĴ£ǲһ˵ģοǰĹɷˣЩɶһʡ
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ΣڿýЩȥɣס̬Ƶ
Ϲ˼һᣬҡͷʱţҪɺŵЩɶ͸¶顣
Щôأ
ϹһĬƺЩ˼˵ƿ㣬æЦΣСԼˣûʲô˵ġ
Ϲ뵽ĬղŸɺЩ⣬Լ˵ҲͲ⣬˵ǷɺŵĹɷݳ׵ȥȵһ޶ȣչǹ˾һǾСĴۻǷɺĹɷݡ˵΢΢ЦЦȻҿ϶ñԿģʱǻᲹġ
ĬܿϹε˼ֻҪɺŵĹµŵֵҲֵ֮ʱ򣬳żչɺţٰѹȻ׬һʡȷʵóƺܳԿϾڱֵĹɷݡ
ҲϹε˼Ȼ֪òԼԿȴ÷ɺŵɶԿǵΣ²ðɣǲñ̫Կˡ
˱Ϊ棬ֻҪںϷΧ֮ڣκηǿԵģҪȥϧˣϹμɫЩΪѣȰο㣬ϸһ£ʧ˻һˣЩԸͷɺͬˣЩԸֹɵˣǾгɹǵĹƱǰֵ
ƾϹ˵úеܾЩףĬһᣬŵɹƱµҪǵʱˣǳżչˣҲܾУǸô죿
ģһպöȵģʱ϶
ĬȴڵҾЩף÷ɺŵĹд䣬ǱȻ𺦵һֹ棬Ƕ޹ܺߣȫûбҪ
ϹһãֲңôҪðܴյģΪϾʲôʵΪҪǸعȥˣúܶԷɺɥʧĵģֺαôķȥǵ档
ЩԥΣС˵öԣȷʵùܵС˺ҷȷʵСҲϣɺųʲô⡣
ϹʵҲ뵽һ㣬ܾԼܹƿصģڼȻ㲻Ը⣬ҲǿǵǺðɣһһչ飬ý͸¶չķգԹ޵ĿͶĬ˼˵ߣСǴĺ԰ɣ
ĬϹεֱPASSʵڲϵֵ̫ǸЦЦҲֻ˵˵»þ
һЦȻζô˵ˣǻ취аɡ
Сʱ򣬸˰칫ңڷɺź̸ʱĬˣڿǰӲûжٲ
˽Ѿʮˣӵӵѧľùʿѧλʮ깥격ʿѧλع󣬲ûܵʲô˾ҵãǳƵĸ׻ʶ˷ɺţΣ˷ɻڴĵ·
ҲȷʵûйƸ׵ʶʮԼеĲŻ׸˷ɺšɺţҲΪɫĲ߻׿ԽĹɵһʲڵСŷչֵİҵĴͼš˵ûи˵ףҲûнǿķɺš
ΪڷɺŵߣԺ½ڽַɺŵǰһֱҰѸ˴ˣΪ֪ǷɺŵĹ֮һҪ㳷ˣǱȻ˾Σ͹ҡ
ķչ½ѾϿ˷ɺţ𽥵˸ڼȨλʱҲͲ̫ӰˣҪֻһʵĽڡŷ˿ֲϮⲻøˣΣУ½ǿ׼ᣬѸ˴ˡ
Ȼ鹢ڻҪ߿࣬ջǷ뷨ϾǷޣԼվһˡ
뿪ɺź󣬸˲ûнµĹ˾Ҫһʱ壬ΣԷɺͶ̫̫ĸˣǱķʽ뿪ɺţоˣܵ˺ٴΣȻռзɺŰٷ֮ĸɹɣǲȱǮõģûбҪȥ
˵½ץ˺Էɺŵ¹עϾѪڣԼҲϣӵƵ绰󣬵ļȼ°ģһҪɺͦѹء
ȻǰЩЩԺ½ģڳƺͺ½˵ˣӦվߣοԼзɺŵĹɷݣҪǷɺŵĹмµԼĲƲҲֵͬ
֪Ϲڹ˾֮ûʲô⣬òк˼ְĿͶĬϲһ˿ɻСôôأ
æߴ磬ҵܵĬӦüģǰµıڡ
˻ȻԭǴֲֹ¼꣬ѹԼ죬СǰµıڣôͻȻ˳Ƶĵܵˣ
ĬмֺøУæվֵ壬ܸʶ㡣
ҳƺСɡҲ΢ЦСǴŵ黹Ķл㣬Ҫ㣬ǷɺŲ֪Ҫܶʧأ˵һܵ˺
ʱŵıڣӦǵİȫĬǸЦЦǵĵϳ⣬˵ʧְ
ĬȻ˵ÿȴ룬Ǵ¼ʼٸ߱ǷɺŵĶ³ȴǹֲǡ
ˣҶÿˡЦԼˣǺú׼һ½Ļɡ
Ĭμ֮Ļ飬ûڻϷۣϾǹ˾ˡڻҪǶԸԱԵķͱĹ۲죬ĥǵ
СʱֻԱ˵Ҫط㣬˷ԵĹ۵㡣
ǹ˾ѾܲãҪǸܲòǾҪλ𣿡һܾԵǹ˾û˶³Ҫʱܲãǹ϶뼫ȵĶҵġ
Ƶû˵Ҫܲãκɷһµģй˾ĸܲǿøߴ絣ܲõλãߴԹ˾ǳϤοҲǹ˾ĹɶĻع飬Ƿɺ޺
ֻǣǰʱ£Ļع飬пܶǷɺɸӰ졣һСɶҲ顣
ƵǼ鱾ͲǸߴĴʵѾˣǴοֲϮͺǵʱ̸жûκιϵ˵ˣǰ飬ӰѵֺαץסСӲţ
Сɶ˶죬ҪҲʵɡ
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ڸ˷󣬷ԵһҶٵͷ񣬵˳ɶ渱³˵Ҫڷɺźܸĸˡ
֮󣬳˷ɺŹżŵ뷨ͬ⵽һֻԱĿ飬رһЩֹɽ϶Ĵɶе˳ƵȨһ˾³ƺûôȨɣ
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Ȼ˷ԳƵϹΡơ˵˵£ҷԵСҲԺг״̬½ˡ
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Ĭ룬˵ֶΣȷʵѱ뿪ǿ÷ֶΡ
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˼Ҫ͵ǵϺ̸ݣ²ʰɡЩΪѵ
ĬһЦʲôʵģǹϵ˾顣
Ϲ˼ص˵ͷҲеͨҲΪ˻̫Ͳͽɡ
ϣϹȻҲסƵļУԷǡĬб棬ԼԷ໥жԷ
ǰ˿϶Դ˶Щ֣ĬϹ˽С̵ϹҲ˽ĬΪ˴£˶״Ƿǳ⡣
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ƵǵǣҪְ֪Ѿȥˣǻǻʹġ
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ӦҪԵֵģ˵ˣڻû˼ȹʱ˵ɡ
ҾöĬСͦģƺҲкøС
뵽ĬʵЩӣԼͲܿ½Ŀ˵ԼѾˣȻ˸м֮⣬Ĭȷʵһ˿ϵУԼҪչ˵ʱԼοչˣʱԼĵĿհףԼЩϲˣΪؼǣϲԼĸŮһǿ϶ܹøĹذչˡ
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ʮˡʮˡϹβͣظ䣬ٴʵŮЩң
ȻǶôΪƿϹε쳣ҲЩɻ󣬡СҴ˵ϹǷѰһʮ߰ŮӣѵŮѵȷڰѰ
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ѰҵˣƾΣѵĺŮʲôϵ
ô˵аٷ֮߰ʮĿ϶ͬĸáϹζ˶٣˵ҲҰʱҵģ˵ʱĸйһŮˣһŮֻǺŮ˲Ը䵱ߣ뿪Ұְ֣ںȥҰְֶ֪
ҰְʱϣܰѰǣҲ׿ڴӦֻʱʵ̫æ̫ˣʵûоȥ˼顣˵ϹϾȻ¶һظ΢ЦºˣҾȻҵȴҰְֵһԸ
˵Ůѻпұá¾Ȼ˼˸УҪ˼ԼãǲܺԼþĬĬҲû˿չԼĸŮˡϻװЩ˷ܵӣΣǿСŮѽйɣҲžһ¡
黹ûȫȷòżһ̡ϹεҪȰѷɺŵ鴦á
Ϲζòûʲôرĸ飬ֻǰְֵһԸԼûжӰ죬ȻܹҵҲһ飬ϾԼһ飬ֻȷʵǷæĽ׶ΣҪΪĳֶ֮һЩ鷳飬Ƿᵢ¡
ǵҲǣǻǿȸСΪļ֪ĬҲڰŮѰȻˣȻӦø
ʱáϹһ֮ɫ㣬ǻȿŮѵ˵ɣûг˽һá
Ϲε˼˼Լ˵˽Ůǻ漰Ҳ⣬ϹΪ˵ĺϷŮȻؿ顣
ΣȻСŮദ࣬ҾԸͦ˳ģҲӦòʲô⡣
ԸɡϹ̾һʵҲ֪飬ȻҰȥʱӦҰҪѰĸŮºȴЩ飬ϣҲҪȥ¡
Ϲ˵ȷʵʵĸȻڸʱԭ˽Ů飬ӦҪѰңĸУôһȴǲԸȥѰңҲϹΪʲôһֱûѰõҪԭ
΢΢ͷܹѴǵļ£Լôɡ



ڶٶʮ ϼ
Σôġ
Ȱѷɺŵ鴦ɡϹγΣڵЩӣǰʱϼǣϹң嵹ǲҶһʱϼͻȻû˶ͻˡ
СҲǣһˣαأЩ
ΪģҰְʱͶҰְֺǲڻң͸ܷˡϹҧҧ촽ǣȨλҲͰˣȴֺαȥS鱨ֵأǰʱôݺƻʵߡ
뵽ԼɷҲЩ飬һΣĬ˺һᣬŵôӦСˡ
S鱨ֵ֧֣֮ϣ⻹ýĬϾаȫֵȫǡúS鱨ͷϹηֻҪܰѹȥ鶼ܺð졣
СҲ˵飬ҾӦûǡƿ˿ϹΣΣֻЩСìܣҾ㻹ӦʾãһҲվͬһսϡ
Ȼ֪أοҺûʲôìܡϹЦЦ͹ȥ̸̸˳̽һŮѵ˵ţվĬķȥ
Ĭ׼˯ȴţһ㶣ƽң
ƽ𣿡
ң㡣Ϲ
ϹҸʲôãҲú̸̸Ĭһ룬һ߹򿪷ţȻѾʮˣϹȻǴţ͸һɸŵʣһ˵㡣
ҿԽɡϹεԵЩ
ĬæÿӣϹ˽˳ְѷŹˡ
˶ɳϣĬ΢΢һЦ𣿡
м⣬㡣ϹЦЦĬҺ֪Ϊʲôȫȫİұ㡣
ĬͿϹζԴʱɻʵشʼֻãҾ޹ں飬͵İɡ
𣿡Ϲεô˵ΪˣʵЩ˼顣
Ҫֻ˵ĸŮϹǲŵģֲ˵ǰȫֵҲֻ˵Ϊˣ뵽Ĭ΢΢һЦһ˵ôУƽ˵ֻҪȫĵİҵġ
ԭˡϹЦ˵˵֮ϣұıꣿ
ҶûжҪʲô͸ʲôɡ
Ϲ֪ѯʣҲʳʲôϢתƻ㣬Ͱȫֵʲôϵ
ץ½飬Ĭ˺ܴȫֵϹҲЩЩ˽⣬ܹµĬͰȫкܴĹϵ
Ĭ룬ҰҵݸԸˣһǾͿһԸ塣
Ȼ㶼µˣҲòˡ
ϹĬ˻ش𣬸ȷݣݸһЦ˵ô˵㵱µڣҪƻˡ
Ĭÿɷص˵ͷ
һֱҵ˵˰Ϲζ˶٣˵Ҹ㣬вҵ鲻ҵ⣬𣿡
ĬƴƻвҵʱϹεʱȥˣȻǸˣȴǲֱյ˵ˣҪв壬ô÷ɺ̸أȫóż̸ֱ˿ʵϹûжٹϵ
˭⣿Ĭ̽
ϹεʱӢϹҵʱϹڸģ׷ʱвìͷָ°ɡ
ĬͲµ˼֣𰸺ȴûж⣬а룬һУϹںͺ½ֲ߻ģƻȻֲϮһԱƵϹκS鱨ֺһš
뵽ЩĬͺ޵ģ½ԼˣϹڻúúõģԼù
֮ǰᡣĬЦС㣬ҲǸСˣϴҴıڣӦûмǺİɡ
Ǻ޵ǲڣҺ뿴ٴһϹһ࣬ȻҪٴα䣬Ӧѡһûľĵط
ĬϹε˼Ů˲ڼЦԼϴǴæʤɣҲܹ⣬Լϴ澡ʧҲǺ顣
Һͳ´ѾˣǲԸұˡ
ȻԼͽˣ͵ΪֹɡϹεֻǿĬֵĮ̬ȣԲԼڽѵһʵĬûʲôޣĳ˵ЩĬȻͬһҲӦúĬͺãСҲٶƽϡ
ĬϹӦ֪ҲٺԼƽǰ飬΢΢ЦЦҲûж˵ʲô
ĬһᣬϹٴοڵĬұô
Ϊ˺ܺáĬµϹҪѯʲô⣬ֲ˼ơ
˵úϲ㣬ҲϣһֱߣԴôġ
Ĭ룬شðҵ˸磬Ȼϲˣƽߵ⣬ǲˣŮѵˣҪʱȥչ
˵ŮѣŮѱұ˵ǻжβɣǴòͼҾϹ֮ô˵ĬԼıֻ̽һСӵ뷨
Ĭа룬ò˼ƽ㵽Ǹǧ˼ҪƽУƽһĺ͸߹󣬲վ˵ԼǸϲ˼ӣϾԼ̫ĺۼ
ڼҾ⣬ûȥƽ㼴ʹǮҲԼκϾǲԼ˫ģӵҲʲôֵġ
ȻֻĬϹεĻĶԱȣʵϣƽСƯܶ࣬ҲȥںһһԸ͸ҪģòͼҾȴεġ
ıȽȫûбҪĬô˵Ҷֻǰ˽㣬ֹϵǲıġ
Ϲ΢΢һüͷа룬ѵСĶұϰڵʲ޶ԣˣϾϡжȻЩĬĻװźŵӣȻһ˼ġ
鷳ˡĬԼ¶ʵҳ֧𣿡
ϹһЦ㡣
Ĭһôȼһڣ˼С㣬㼸𣿡
ȻԡϹŵЦЦܲܲҊС㣬ǳŤ
㊖ν㣬һڣ㲻ҽ㊖С㣬ҸýʲôĬû뷨˵ֻǵӦôƺ㣿
ͽҊΰɣȻһ㡣ϹκһڲˮĿٴͶĬӣ㲻ڿˡ
Ĭһ̣Ȼ̸̻Ҹױߵ˵ʵϹҼλöúܽɣǲ׼㷢𹥻ˣ
пܡϹ֪ԼҪĬæģȻʵ˵Ҫͻҷѡ
ʲô𣿡
԰ҡϹȻһЦɫ˵Իã˾ԵţĬ֪ǰȫҲԸ壬ǺԴҶкô
ĬһϹεţ뵽ԼС̵飬ջû˵ʲô˺ĻֻǵȻˣǴҾͺɣӦô
ܼ򵥣һȫռS鱨ǱΪ飬桢ԼһЩ֤ݣʱһЩ֤ݽǣǰȫ־Ϳ˳شˣ˵ҪֱӰҲ԰ǿжǡϹζ˶٣ֻҪסҪʲôжҪʲô˺ҵ
Ĭ˼һᣬͷܺãϸڣҪϱ֯ΣĬֵ֪Ϲҳ⣬ƺͱгͻô£
Ϲ̾һָϼɣǳϹҺϼ壬ٶķչвͻԹȻ١
Ĭ˽˺ܶྭϵ⣬ϼҲһ˽⣬ϼΨһԺϹұƴļ壬ڵҪ̨ش漰ԴزҵµϼǽڳżŵĻҵ
ڵϼźͳżϲû̫ĳͻ嶼ϰʷһڸ۶һ̨壬ֲ̫Զڷչ֮岻кܶϵĳͻټҶĵλȻⲻԹ
ʼϼ屾ڴ½ģ½ʱĻһϼܿͳ˴½ļ壬ԶԶϹҡ
ʮΪսԭϼǨƵ̨壬ȥ̨֮Ϊⳡصĸı;ӪСϼ徭һ͹ڣܿͱϹҸϳˡ
߰ʮ̨徭õͻͽϼֵľҲǿգзϹ֮ƣʱڣⳡϵΪңȷʵһҵĳԹ
ֱʮϹҹϴӴͳҵתƵ˿Ƽҵھϵì𽥼ϹҲΪڵӿƼһ鷢չѸ٣ʵ˵һλá
ϼЩ귢չҲǲϹҲûжٲ࣬ʹϹ˵һλãҲΪʷĶԹʱмСģս
ϹθϹȥǶʱ䣬ϼ忴׼Ϲڲȶ£ϹҷһδģսⲻϹڶʱʧ˽һٸڣԴһ鱻ϼռȥ˺ܴһгݶϹҵǵǣϼĹνǿꡣ
ΪмϼĹϹҲòϹҵϹξ˾˺ŵֵסϼĹڼ䣬ϹҲΪֳɫõϹҵĶ෽Ͽɣټһμĸ׵ŷǿӢʼ壬Ҳ˳µصϹҵμ
Ϲεϼ֮˶ȽϷΨһȻϹˣȻϹռгżŵĹɷҪϹٵö࣬ЩԼһţټS鱨ֺͺ½˵֧֣ҲϹβ٣ֻǣ֪ϹһϼĻ֮£ҪʱңȻԷлɳˡ
صʱңʱ䣬ϼ徹Ȼû˶ϼŵĹɷҲһֱڵòϹڷ˾裬ΪԼȨûᵽˡ
ϼҲҵУǸûоԸǣϹֵΪϼ岻ٶγвҲӦûжˡ
ĬȻϼЩ˽⣬ϾޣǺǳʲôң
ϹʵǴǵͷӵ˾֢ŮΪƲòɿϹһҪӡ
ǰϹȥʱϹϾֻϹŮļҲȻȫϹΣԲҲ⣬ϼͷжŮŮ֮䵱ȻΪŲķ˵ϼڱϹһҪҡ
ĬҲ˼ټȥе̵ŵ̻ҸԱߵĲ豭һڲˮֵһһ⣬ǹ˽µģ֪ԸԸش𡣡
ϹβµĬҪŮѵ⣬ȻףǿԽ˻ȷһ£ǵʰɣҾش⡣
ĬɫԽϹҿɷѰҹһ̥ǵŮӣԼʮӡ˵ʱĿתϹΣƺܴҳһ
ϹȻµĬʻ׿˵ʱĿ΢΢һ£˽Ůʱᵽ̥ǵ飬СӵŮȷʵԼͬĸð



ڶٶʮһ Ϲεɻ
Ϲβûаֳּޱ˵ŮˣŮѰɡ
Ůѣм㡣
Ĭûжɫ仯ȴЩʧΪûϹϿ˿仯ҪϹ֪ԼС̵ӦӦŶԡ
Ȼ֪ղųƺϹε̸ۣ֪ϹѾȷŮԼõ飬Բ˸׼
ǻѪԵϵˡϹһЦ֮⣬ҸĸǾԲӵģʧĺӡ˶٣һתȻЩݳҾͲȷƺкʧˡ
Ϲ⻰Ҳ˵ѣĸȷʵֻһŮãֻ׺Ů˵ĺӡ
شȴǰĬԻסˣĬô˵ȻΪûãɫȴһ˿ʧȻʧԭ򲢲С̺ϹûйϵΪС̵ȷϴݺ׾ͲҳС̾ͻΣ״̬
ϹμĬɫæʵŮͶˣòȥѰֺοҷأ
仰⣬ȴ̽ĬŮѰ׵ĿģŮѱϾԼѪԵãҪҵԼʱпַָܻŲ⣬ȰѰ׵ĿŪ
ȻѾС̵ϹΣĬҲûʲôģʵǸûҪףֻŮѵǰʱȴѰѰҵķΧ㡣
ϹɵһüͷȻȷʵѰҹãʱʵ̫æˣûй˼ɵ飬ôȥף
飬Ҹײû֪˾͸ȥˣ
֪飬ѵ豳ȥѰף
Ϲ漴ַ뷨һֱܷѰãôԼȥѰأοûȥѰң
ĬϹεı仯˼ѰС̵飬ɫΪʲô仯أѵʲô
뵽оСȷʵϹЩϵֻϵȽϸӣϹθͲԼǰ˵
ȻѰףײ𣿡ϹλָȻı顣
׵ˣǲ㱻˸ˡĬǴε飬µŭͳĻʹǶ񶾣С̸ûףֺαعҳȻأѵǾͲԼԼӣ
ôҵ˲ԣϹ̽
ʵɣԷͲ׵ģɱڵġĬʵӦҺõʱڳžȻŮһ
ϹɫȻ򶨣ȴǲ⣬û뵽׵˾ȻҪɱõˣʲô˺ôޣҪҳɱڣ
ĿһѵѰ˵׷ɱɷ˽ŮҲûпܵ飬ֻǣػֵزɣοҰְȥ֮ǰԭҰְģôа
⵽ô£᲻ĺйأ
Ϲβɫ˵ܰѵʱϸ˵һҿ᲻ĺϹйأ
Ĭ²ЩɣϹεıƺϹЩϵϹΪʲôأ
͵һͷɱС̵˲Ϲΰŵİɣ
ҪҸղŵЩͱ¶˼ȴ˼Σ֮ˡ
ĬûаеʱֳЦʵڲʲôʵ飬ȻϹûйϵҲû˵ıҪˡ
ϹοĬĻɣҪĬͬˣԼأԼɵָƽ͵˵ڻҰɣҺŮݹϵҺ˶٣ô˴ĳޣ
ĬĿ΢΢һô˵Ϲйϵ
ҿûô˵Ϲεֻ˼룬ɡ
ĬϹβ˵ѣЩò׼ˣֲöʣֻԼԼ˵Ҳ̫ˣȹ۲Ϲһʱٿɡ
ʱ䲻ˣҲϢˡϹվ橲ſȥ
Ǻã˵ɡĬŹȥŹϣȻصߣóֻͨ˼ĵ绰
ûղŵ飬ûаŪ֮ǰСĽǡ
Ҷϵ绰ѾʮһˣĬҳ¶ĵ绰룬ȴûвȥ
һᣬȴǰѵ绰뻻ģǱ߾ͽ˵绰
㻹û˯绰ͷ
׼˯Ĭǽ컹ѧУɡ
ѧУŻؼҡ
Ĭʵڸʲôû׼˯𣿡
ڴϿ־
ĬĬһᣬʵ¶¶˯𣿡
û˯ԡ
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ĬĻһ̾ǰԼһμ¶¶ʱǶôÿɰŮȴôˣЩ仯ΪԼ˺
ΪһˣȻԼŮ˿ֵԼ湻ʧܵģ
ȥ룬ֻ˵ǺðɣϢҲҲϢǺ¶¶˵Ựģܴڲ֮䣬ˡ
õģҲ˯
˵绰ĬɵϣٴѰ˼С⡣
鵽׺ϹûйϵйϵҪ˼˵˭ôĿĵʲô
ڶϣϹ԰һû˵Ľ䣬ͨĸ׵ĵ绰
ڹһĸ׵ĽϹΰѻ죬裬Ѿҵˡ
ҵˣ绰ͷͻȻ˵ְֵ˽Ů
ǵģƽ㻹ҳּơ
ûУ绰ͷе˵֪𣿡
ʱûסϹʵҲ֪飬貢ûиࡣ
ǾͺáϹĸװһĳ˵ΣȻûϣҲ֪࣬ͱˣȻϹкܶ鷳ġ
Ϲ֪ĸ׵˼ͷ֪һŪġ
ҪʲôϾǲϡϹĸȰ˵ֻҵãûҪã֪úûϣ鲻˽ҲֵԸˡ
ϹһʱҲ֪ôشȻûм棬һĸеŮվԼðͬѪô˵ϾͲϣ
ֻǣȷʵĸ׺ϰͲ˵ˣȻһ˽ŮοҪԼȥ˽ŮϹʵڲʡ
裬֪ˣ㲻õ顣Ϲ˼Σǹʵ裬һ£ǰѰҹ𣿡
绰ͷûѰʲô㵱ҵûܹûУ
Ȼûˡ绰ͷЩɻΣʲô
ʵûʲôϹ΢΢һЦֻʡ
Ҳ֪Ů˵ʲôͣȻϰôһֱǣ绰ͷΣ֪ĸ׵𣿡
֪⵹ûʹĸһѣϹβĸ׵飬ĸ׿϶֪ģҪ鶼ãʲô֪ˣһλĬһĸ׵
㾡һ£Һһ棬꾫ʲôϰԵߵģϹĸԽ˵ԽߣҾͲţĻƯ
Ϲæο裬ȥ飬㻹ȥƽʲôҪʲôˣǼһңþȪ֮µİְֲðġ
˵Ҳԣ˶ˣʲôϹεĸ뵽ɵ̾һô˵㶼ҵɣҾ㲻ݣҲҪһŸġ
Ǻãһᾡ̽ġ
Ҷϵ绰Ϲٴɻ֮УȷʵûȥѰҹãȥݺ鵽׻˭ɵģУұð¸ҪúͿ͸˺ˣϻȥģǶԲϰǰĽ
ֻǣҪҹѯ⣬ĬСӻỳҵģָôأ



ڶٶʮ Ϲ
һʱ򣬳ƵСϹһǵϹһǰģĴϹԺ߸ڡʦһӡ
ȻûȥǣòԵȥСſӭӣһӭʱϹλǴɳվƤЦⲻЦ˵壬ԣڵȵˡ
ϹЦЦ˵ο²ɡ
ϹεӦһ䣺ҪôΪҲ޻˵
Ϲһû˵ߵߣϹκĬĶ档
ҲϹκĬм䣬΢ЦСˡԣǺȵʲô裿
۰ɡϹҲ
Ž㣬˵ۣ
ĬҲĿͶ˹ȥֻϹڲʮ䣬Щߴɫ侲һһˡԱߣһʮӣ߽ӽһװˣӢŸǻޱȣ͵ĸӵܣȻϹڵĴϹԡ
ʱ¥ˣĺҲ¥ƵԱߣ΢΢˶ɳϵˣе˹ˣǺá
ں˵ϹҲʲô̫׵ݣϹǰ׽ϺãǼ棬Ҳ֪ƺֻǶûʲôиаˡ
ùԡϹ΢΢һЦȴǰĿͶ˺ԱߵĬȻǰûмĬȴں½󣬰ˣڼ˹ģм⣬ѵСӰѽץģ
ƣλǣϹ֪ʡ
΢΢ЦҵĸɵܵĬĬСϹڣʱұϹԡ
ĬȻûжٺøУòص˵ͷǺá
ϹڰĿĬƻسϣм̵ּ˵ԭƵĵܵܰѹֿܡ
ȻЩҲñֳֻ΢΢Цһ£Ȼǰ輸ϵĲ豭ϸƷ
ϹڼƲΪֻתƻƣͽ鵽ô£
֪ϹҪѯЩ⣬׼ӦĻеĲ豭ƽ͵˵ܼ򵥣Sץ
ûô򵥰ɡϹװźص˵᲻ݺأ
ҾͲ֪ˡƲŲæػشУܲʲôأ
⵹ҲǡϹЦһ£ܾãӵĻӦðһѰɡ
ǶԼ飬ܰʲôЩ䣬˵ˣʱڶףʲôɰ
ôһӾûа˰
ƲĿ˿ԱߵĺãͷŪԼָͷɫƺʹӣһʹǰþǸûаְֵĺˣûиܻܵһЩӰġ
õԴ½ˣòмİְ֡
ĬЩҲϹڸʹޣ϶ǹ֣ô˵ҲǸ޹ĺӣȻ˵Щ̼á
Ϲڳһֻѩһȼһڣ³һʵҲô˵ϾǺӵףҪǺû˰ְ֣վӰ쵽Ժġ
ܲסʹԴ˳ƵĻУĵسле衭Ҫְ֡
ĬĳҲһʹҲ湻ģôСʧȥ˸ס
ɵС̺ССʱҲǹ¶ǸĸûˣʱڵûҪңرСãĸûˣΨһı綼ûˣү湻̵ġ
֪ϹѵģͲᣬǵ˵˵ЩʲôãĻ˼ҹֻ𣿡
ϹڱóŭԼץסİѱڼƶԼĻǺԲĻشа룬׼ˣҿû
ƣǽʲôأ
Ҳ֪ô㣬׼Сֹƶ˶٣˵Һͺ½Ĺ˾⣬ֻҪ⣬Ӧò䣬ڷɺŵ⣬Һ͊αĳǣ÷ɺŹǳżţһԱɺŹɷݵļµ׳żŵ
һİ취ҲͬɺŹżšϹڻһתϾڷɺŵܸӣʹǳżչ˷ɺţҲһֹܹɷݣҾã÷ɺŲҪġ
ϹβڵҲ֪һ㣬죬Ѿ˷ɺŵԭܲøˣʱżչ˷ɺ֮һ׼ɼŵĸ߲ʿɺš
ϹڷɺԼˣظ˵֪û˿ȣ˵ͷ˵ȷʵվһˣǲܰѹȨȫڳżŵҲܸӣʱҪϼŵĹҲܻ̫ľڷɺ档Ϲڻһ˵ҿҵɺɣҺͷɺŵĹ㻹ϤӦܺܿ
ϹͲµϹ÷ɺŵĹȨôܰѳƵռУȻĻҲһЩڳƿվԼһߵģµҲ˼֡
ܷܷ֣ǰĲˮһڣŲæ˵壬ҿ黹ñ˵ɣȻΪ˱ãϾҲǿԼ˾Ҳ޲ɡ
ʵƶԹУϹβϹһָֻţҲͰѳֱӰ̨档
Ϲڵ֪ƵǿǰϾȱٹľ飬ͻȻôһ˾ǿ϶кܶģ˵ˣ̽ʵûж˷ɺţ÷ɺ˵ĺ̸ϳԿùԷɺŲΣ¹Ʊµ
ϹҲ֪Щ⣬ûкϹۣЦ㲻Թ˾ȨҲӦҪҰҲӦеġ
ôУϹڷǳżŵĶ³ϵôأҪ÷ɺŵģôܹǳżš˵ϹڻЦЦΪؼǣǲۣҪۻˣôԵȪ֮µĸס
ĬаϼһҪȨȻ˵ôȻ治֪ΪʲôôҪ
ϹҲڵν㣬ڻרİǳżŸðɣüϴǰ㱻ϼŹֲڷɺŵ⣬ҺҰֻƽõġ
ϹЦżŵ飬ȻãεʵЩӣǣҲһܹãһӦòֵġϹͻȻһ˵ˣΪ˲ᣬҺͱһϺã飬ȻӦʱߣҪȻþ͵̫ϸˡ
֪ϹڵͼȻƫϹһˣЦЦСˣ˵úܶԣ飬ܸҵİҸϣǷɺŵĹ㡣
Ϲ°ŮѾߵһ𰡣ҪǷɺŵĹȨ䵽ˊУֻ٣ҾɵóѡǿЦһ£˵ҿҲ˵ģʱ򻹵÷ɺŶ»Ṳͬ˵ţϹְĿͶĬʵĬʱڸƵİȫɡ
Ĭÿɷص˵ͷ
ţʱֵúܺáϹЦҪûв´ĻͰȫֵвٹɡ
ĬӦ˼Ҳܻش⡣
Ĭ֪ϹѾµԼݣҲûбҪװȥˣشҲǳ˰ɡΪϹ֪ԼҲһ£׵ضƽȡ
ƽıڣҪŪˡϹԲڵҰ⣬Ӧúúûشʲôвܻش𣿡
ĬĻ͸оǰһֱĲӬ޲ðһץ˺֪ڲǳ嶯ʱֻǵֲֵıڣƽıڣΪʲôҪʱش𣿡
СӡϹҪĬȴԣʲôļңֵõָֻ𣿡
Ϲҧҧջ
С°嶯ƽϡ
Ĭ΢΢һЦҲͲ˼ƽϵġ
㡭Ϲɫ࣬뵽ȷʵǱļңǱƺάСӣҲֻҧա
Ϲڿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿˣǵǻȥɺſɡ
Ƶ˵ͷǺðɣȥ׼ȻϹڲ飬ǱϾ¹ϵشԼҲӦþ˾ȥɺſһ˵ġ
裬Ҫһȥ
ùԣڼ棬Ҫ˶þͻƼȻǵðɣðɣҲһȥ
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ԸϹڰ˾ģϹȴԾܾˣ˵ֻԼ˾ŸоӰȫ
ϣϹԷɧ֣СӾȻǰףȻеСӣָĬСӱ͸öԼ𾴡
Ϲڵȼһ֧̣Ƶسһڣ˵԰ôǲԹɫôܺĬͻأ
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ǳƼҵģҪ氲װʲôһĶԼ˵ͱץס˰ѱ˵Ǻܼɻֲܱ֤ȫĵط˵Ҫġ
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ǼŵĵһɶټϹκ͸˵˵֧֣ȻռвСơ
ٿСʱ˫ҲûִҲֻаʱǳϾסɺŵĹвҪġ
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磬˵Ұְֲװְ֣ǲİڿƬĵͷͻȻתͷѯĬ
Ĭ΢΢һ㶣ƽǴˣҲãó׺½ޣҲΪץġ˵ͷǵģװְ֣Ǹһ󻵵ôõװְ֣
ţҲô˵ġóĬһᣬͻȻʵװְ֣װְֵʲôˣ
Ĭʵûи𣿡ȷôͺ˵ģҪԼ˵©죬úĵģóΪѡ
˵ˣװְںԶԶĵطڲҡ˵ͷȥⶼʲôְְҳôˣȻûм
ĬæḧһºõԴñģҲʲôѴأ㳤һЩġ
ȻĬƭãǸ˵ʵҲĻ԰ɡ
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ÿ˺þã΢һЩͻȻʵ磬Ժ᲻뿪Һ谡
Ĭһʱ֪ôش⣬ֻ˵ʱ䶼úߵġ
òĬ⻰׼ȷ˼ҪúԼߣҲͺһЩǡǹҪҳȥ棡
Ĭʼڳȥ棬Щӣʱһǵ쿴ɣæҿ߲
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ĬýһȴûжЧֻЭǺãȥ棬ùԣˡ
ֹס磬Ҳޣܲܶʱֻкһ𣬲ԵøһЩ
ţġĬõֻҪĻͻܿˡ
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ϳϹںϹԲûˮ»԰˸һǼƵꡣȻǱסڳƼֻΪϹεжһ󣬶ǼƵһͳ׷ľݵ㡣
ûϹµļӣҲûļԲҲˡ
ɳϣϹںһڲ裬Ϲ˵ԣô飿
ϹӦ˵֧ǵĹɶȻҪһЩƽŸĹɷݣҵվƽУǻǴڲľ档
ϹڲŲæȡһ֧ѩһȼȻһڣ˵һĹؼϣƫѾͷȷʵܲ
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ֻǣǰƽɷϺãʹɷȻҲһʹޣ˵ˣôСϵͲҪ䣬ƺһ򵥵顣
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㲻ҪССӡϹķܰ͵ȥǾкܴͺ̨ģοڵƺ͊ȷʵкøУõӡһӦôȥЩ飬ǻҪԵɺϣһʱܹ뵽취ģţҪ鴦úãǾܹ÷Ŀɳġ
֣㲻˵СǰȫֵˣǿҪ᲻СӵֱƵһȥ
Ϲڵ˵ͷҲ⣬⵽ʱҪǵֶˣúãҿȫΪˡ
ţˡ
ˣСƺҪضȥڼƺҪóȥɢģʱ˺úüǣϹѵ



ڶٶʮ μƻ
ʮһӵʱ򣬳Ĭķ䣬˵С㲻˵ҪѳȥǲҪض
ҲһҪ²˵ĬǺڹ˼ǵģӣЩطҪԼģҲ˼˵߾ߡ
ЊڣӦûʲô⡣̾һֵñȽףҿʹȥһɣ𣬾Ͱˡ
ҲáĬĿ䵽Ƶϣɫǣʵƽ㣬ǰ˰ɡ
΢΢˵ͷǸ߰ɣѾ׵ˡ
ںõ׷£ƸղȷʵѺ׹˵˳Ȼ˵úɣǺ֪󣬻ǿ޸ֻͣðСʱհ硣
˵бҪø𣿡ֵ
ĬΣӦҾʱţϾûСҪǸЩͬѧͿȡЦɸ˺
⵹Ҳǣֻʱˡ˵ɵ̾һ˵ˣҲ֪øøʲôա
øţױգֻ׶Ѿˣôһգֻñ˲ɡҲøճճڱһûаְֵĺӣô˵Ĳȷøĸա
ƽ㣬ҲģûΪӶµġĬοĸŮЩϧȻԼϧжãѵʱϣԼܾһ
ԸɡƿЦһ£ʹúúóȥɣ飬Һ͊λúôġ
Ĭ֪Ǿϵ⣬ԼǷȷʵ̫ôߣƽܹĵشЩ飬¶ģǺãһúõġĬһᣬʵƽ㣬ҿɺŵҲð죬ֻҪֲѹȨϹڣҲܶᵽȨ
֪ɫ仮һ˿ǣؼҺ¹˾ڲǷɺŵļµ
ڹؼҪϹڷɺšĬ̧ͷڤ˼һᣬ˵ҿɣһȥһ°ȫ֣úò̽һϹڣϹ֪ڲһᾡȥֲǰе©ʱʲôΥ飬һͲжپŵɺˣҲÿٷɺŵ⡣
ţ뷨֪ĬаȫֵҪǰȫĶϹڼӴ̽ȣϹڿ϶ΪģѸмĿͶĬͷǺã鷳ˡ
ûʲôĬһЦѵҲҪԊζһۣϾ˸ƤҲ֪ôġ
Ӧòʲô⡣Ĭô˵϶͊λЩңȰοСʵĮģڶҲкøеġ
ԸɡĬӦһ䣬ȴǶϹε̸ڻҲ֪Ů˵֪֪˼飬˵׷ɱС̵ֱӹ
ƿĬɻϣԼס໥֮ìܣæЦڻ슖κЩ̸ɣҿԿ϶ĸ㣬ûݺŮѵ˼
Ĭƺ⻰˵ʲôҲԳƵĻţǵͷƽ㣬֪ˣģҲìܵġ
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ôأôɰ˭˶ϲģοǶ㡭
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һСã˼һˡȻǣõ֣οòú¡
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СýáԵЩ󣬱ϾǵһĬңһʱҲЩŲ
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ĬûпĸӰǰʵĿͶ˼ɵأ
˵Ҫȥȥˡ˼˵ţѺñǱɳϣȻʵÿڿȥϣҪȵʲô
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һᣬþͺ˼濪ˣĬƺѾĲ죬΢΢һصԷȡֻȻͨźĵ绰˵˶ԸϹڵ顣
ʱĬûڼԣǿȥˣźڵ绰ԼҪȥԷġ
ںźϸź㣬ϣźܹһʱӽϹڵ̽顣
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ĬʱѾʮˣһݣͼɳ϶һϤӰˡ
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һӣĿͶĬСҪȥɡ
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֪ĻƱѶԼΰɡ붩ƱˣĬһֱûȷǷҪȥ棬ͿʼʽżˣڸͲ򵽻Ʊ
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˵绰ĬְĿͶ棬ʵ棬¶¶Ҫһȥ𣿡
ûȷ汾õɫԵЩˣ˵Ҫ׼飬ܾͲȥˡ
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ĬҲ¶¶ԼӦΪ¶¶Ҹ𣬼Ȼѡ뿪ԼӦľʱǸоԼƺΣǷģҪ¶¶ٺԼãʲôԭԼҪȫȥչ
Сã黹Ҫ¶¶Լģǿ󲻵á
Ҳ֪Ѵ̾һҲû˵Ļ



ڶٶʮĻ 
ںһϣϾȻҪһ˯ȻСһЩ֮˼һøӿ֡
ǰûסһʱĬԺ˼ͬ˯һãǻǲ˼ͬ˯һһ¶Լ˯Լķ䡣
ϴ֮ĬԼһӣʵЩ궯ǾᲽ˼Է
ʱ˼Ѿصϴˣû˯Ĭæ򿪴ͷĲʹƣ˯
ĬţߵߣЦȻˣþûˣúú㡣˵ţѵЬ˴
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Ϣһ˵㣬ѾûкúøˣоǳƢ
˼Ĭ§ס˯µ˼ˮһ㣬ʱûкú㣬㲻Ұɡ
˼ԴŵĬļͷϣ沿תһЦǰ£ô㡣
Ĭֻо沿һɵϢŪͬʱ¸ģһ˼գЦӯӯҵĺţôҡ
˼һЦûӦһʱ䶼û˵Եóľ
ʵµ˼Ȼ˵òﲨŨŨ⣬ѩ׵ļʵƹ³˵ջرӣ촽ܴһ˿ԸУκ˿˶
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ϹҲ㡣˼üŨ⣬ȪĬ飡
˶һᣬĬ͵صͷȥ˼촽ϣ˼ʱҲ鶯֮ʱͷĬͷ֯һ
ϷϷһᣬ໥̽ԷĿǻнĴ໥˱˶ԷеҺ
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Ĭͣ£˼ҲԽϢҲЩ٣һ˿˵ãԺȴ鲻ԽظǴμĬ龰
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ӣŷֿ˼нС㣬Ҳӣ
Ĭ΢΢»䵽˼Ĳϣͷһ߰ϸ۵ļϡ
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Ĭ̧ͷ΢΢һЦȻָ˼Ƿ۲˸飬̧ͷϸĵؽ⿪˼·ؽѵ
ʱһԷԲزʱչĬǰǶ֮ϵСӣңʱѾ΢΢ͦΧļҲ͸һ˿ۺ죬΢΢ЩٵĺţȻ˼Ҳ𽥸
ȻѾǵһιۿ˼زĬȻѺŸ͵档
˼ٴη΢ĬһҲϤָоȴ˫ۣʱ
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С㣬Ҳװɡ˼ĬϢĿ϶һȻĬĲϡ
˼ǶᣬĬһĸоһαôǣȻûнгڿס֮󣬺ܿ콫תΪ˼ĿУ
ͬʱ˼ǽҲ䵽Ĭ沿λ˶ţ޾ļ顣
ĻģͲ¶飬Ҳܲе˼ɵطȥѹ˼֮ϣĹ
һ󱩷֮˶ЩˣĬȻǽӵ˼ǻȵӣ˫ḧͬʱӺزеش
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˼оĬ˼ͷĬһۣС㣬ʲôأ
Ĭ˼Щҵ㷢ǿЦûʲô˼ˣ˯ɡ
˼Ͳܺ˵˵˼СŮһ죬С㣬¶¶ɡ
Ĭ̾һҪشȴֲģ˺¶֮ʵڲ˺˼
˼Ĭһᣬ˵С㣬ǰɡ
Ȼ¶ĬǶСŮʵ̫̫ˣСз֮µģ˵ӦԼ˳Ŷԣ¶¶ûԼ˳Լ˳ǫúͿʵԼеգ
ʱԼ˳ȻȫС¶¶ˣ֪¶¶ǾԲӦģԼȴˣ˵ڵϣԼܺ¶¶ȥϼҵǶʱһ㹲棬Ȼ˶żƣٱ˺һá
֪¶ˣʵĬܣԼƵ¶¶ģûԼĴڣǱԳΪԲһ԰
ĬҲ⣬¶ʵڲף˺һᣬŵȻ¶¶Ѿ·һ߰ɣ߳ţõĽ֡
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ţǺðɡ˼̾һԵꡣ
ˣ˼Ҳߵʱ뿪СĬѵҵݺĻʹưոݡ
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СЩϹε飬ĬҲûȫŪڲ֪֮ǰЩķ˼еĽǡ
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˵ЩƵˣС㣬˵˵Ȥ°ɡ
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˽Сʱӵ˯Ȼ˵ķ鶼٣ֻҪܹܵԷĴڣбһͼУеҲͶһݰ꣡



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ȻҪƯˣȻͷǼС˶ȡˣʱ㻹ҰĽѩЦ
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Уķ˰ɡĽѩҪ˵ôãҲôòҰɡ
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ܸ¶Ҹǰǲ˺ǣûԴǾܾǣǺܶܵĻᣬԽԽ䵽ڱ˴˺ĵزĬʱĺܺԼȻԼܸ¶¶ҸͲӦøͬĻᣬӦúηԹϵˡ
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ʱȻ֣üĬ˻һӭҿЩʲôС԰
ĬеСԷŵм輸ϣ˵ʱ䲻ˣȺȥϴɣһϢ
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𣿡Ĭùӻֻĵ绰룬ѡһŵĺ벦˹ȥ
ڼӺӳͶˣ˫Ŀֵܣ֮̽ҲǻڷԣҰɣԺҲ鷳ˣ
㻹Ҫ鷳ĬЦЦԺ㶼ҵİţʱҾԲģˣңļ˾͵ɡȻĬìͷָԷ޹ļˣ֪еʱҪһЩֶεģСӲ֪Լ飬ȷԼ᲻Ķ˶֣ȻͻԼİš
ʵ޿κΣ˵ϢСŪòˣҪԼҺŸɣԲ׷ŹԼģСӿϹҵĴͷҿǹԼôܶù
˵ɣʲôҪľɡ
ܺã͵ʲô鶼ûзҪʱһرǵһҪϹǻѱߵ
ʮӺĬԼҪ˵òˣѵСӸҰ˵ȥǲҵİţǺͲˣУղ֮лҶ¼ģ㲻˵ĻһôϹԻ㡣Ĭǹ˵ˣڿԳȥˣʲô鶼ûз
ããסӳϴּƽϢһԼ飬Ǳ߲ȥˡ
ĬҲղŵ飬С֮µػص˲ϡ



ڶʮ һϴּ
ĬߵԱߣһ̣Ŀ˯ɨ䣬ȻǱ¥ݿһϤӰϸһۣ˲ǱˣǴҪС̵ĳ
ĴȻǺǴһĳεĳ˿೤ѥ˿ǳԸʣҴ̬ͶԵôȻҪĬǰûмʶ治׿ڲͬ
Ůô̬֮ƺûзǳģѵҪ죬ֻΪˣ
Ĭ˼ֵͬʱѾת˹ⱻ֣С̣ñԳаԸǳҪǣҲ¶ˣ
װµбһǱߣûǾֱߵǱߵһ۹̨ϣһſеСǡǱĬߵģһʱҲᷢĬǡ
Ů˵ǸʲôģѵڵʲôˣĬȻɻ󣬵ȴЩ˷ܣô˵Ů˶֪С̵ıʹǰʱԸھȻͻȻˣν̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
ڻǹȥʱõҰһú̸̸οСúԱߣҪʲôⷢϣҲġ
磬Եʲôأʵ
Ĭջ˼æЦˣһȥʲôɫ˰ɡܵͣ³һ֮˾Ͳˡ
ʲôʱȥԷӶˡý
Ĭ˿ʱ䣬ѾʮһҪ緹ʱˣңԼҲñǳˡǵͷǺðɣһȥԷ
Ǳ߹¥ݵĵطǡڳΧ֮ڣҪǾ߹ȥǺпܻᱻ֣ʱͲðˡ
˼֮ʣ˼ȴͻȻվ˵ȥϴּ䡣
ϴּ¥ݵһ࣬ȥϴּĹǲҪߵģĬһæվ˵ȥɡ˵ţ˳˼֡
˼΢΢һҲûзԣֻ¶һҸЦݣȻͺĬһǱȥˡ
Աߵ濴ĬĶƵŭȼգⶼʲôʲôϸϴּȻҪ飬ˡ
ߣĬҿСǹҿİɣʲôҲòǰְɡ
Ĭ⿴ɫʱͰҲֻӲͷƤ˼Ǳȥˡ
ϴּſڣĬΧûˣһ˼ϴּڣϴּ䶼ǵ˵ģûŮ֣֮һȥ˿ҲֻȡЦһ°ˡ
˼ĬҲ˽΢ԵЩ⣬ȻǰԼʱĬҲֹߣǶڼڿڹϣСôҲ˼ܽ
𣿡˼ʻͬʱ˿ӡ
Ĭûش˼⣬Сֽ֮ʱŸŶ˼ҸղſǴ׵ĳˡ
˼ϸֳһ˿ȵı飬
ĬҾֻŮģھбһϡ
Ǹղôãͷˣ˼еֽŵԱߵ¨󣬲ûվ˫ĿǵĬô֣ǳİɣ
ӦòǳģϴּȥʱŴ¥òƻûзǡĬ˶٣˵Ǿ¥ܻܿᱻҹһ
ǰһֱѰڱҲûʲôɣȴѯ顣
ô׵ġĬʵ࣬Ͳǵֻͣôˣֻ˵ǲϵǡ
ڸô죿
뿪һ취ĽѩһĬ룬ֵҿɣһȥźߣĽѩڻһͲעˣңֱӴȥˡ
˼վԱߵĴǵȥʲô°ɣ
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˼һӣһߵͷӦǺðɣСһЩ
ţȸĽѩ绰˵ţͳֻͨĽѩĵ绰
Ľѩ绰Ĭģ΢΢оЩ⣬СӸʲôôľ뻹绰
Сӣʲô°绰ѲҪǮ𣿡
ĬæĽѩ㣬עҸղǸŮˣϵҺ˼Ϊ˲һڻһ˼ȥҴֱӳȥ
ĽѩʱɨһǱߣһʱ䷢Ĭ˵ǳӦˣϡ
ĬҶϵ绰תĿ˼˵ȳȥˡ˵ţһС̨ϣһ棬沢ûˣȻ˫͵صһֻһԾǰ
һץסǮǸϸ֦֦µ֮ƣɾ䵽˵ƺϡ
غĬͷⴰ˼һOKƣʵҲɣס㡣
̫ˣҲ˼ⴰֵ̨ⴰôСҸϲһֱӴǱ߰ɡϴּĴⴰȷʵС˼һŮӣҪһĴ̨Щ˵ϵС
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ҪһŹǵȥ˼һ˵һ߱ããұ
Ȼ˼ΪʲôҪͻȻԼ˱ܱԼ·ĺãҲ˳˵˼ĻС
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Ǳߴ·ߣΪʲôҪС·ЩȻǹĬ̧ܡ
Ǳߴ·̫ˡĬĿ䵽Щϣ棬ºʹ˵
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㲱ϣҵ˫ĿΣ磬òһ
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ǺãĬѵԼϣȻ˫˫ֻסӣ˵ãסҵͷ߰ɡ
ݣһϲ˫ֻʱץסĬͷһ
СȻЩͣʯݣҵҲߵƽȡһᣬĬ·һ۹ͤҹ۹ͤһҲûУ˵ȥǱͤϢһ°ɡ
Ľѩ֪ĬºԼǸ͵ЩˣǾȥһɡ
˼øǲᷴˣֻкСߴţôôһҪϢ



ڶʮһ Σյӵ
Ѻ÷ŵͤӳϣĬʾĽѩȥ˵ĽѩĬ˼˽羰ߵͤǱߵһڲݵ˵
Ľѩ㣬ղעģϴҸǳղûע⵽˼ɡ
ӦûСĽѩһصȻӦúúò̽һ
ǵģȥ̽϶ľ黹鷳㡣
֪ϡĽѩͰĬԼˣںС𣬡Ȱ˽ңҺи׼
ĬԼԳϸĽѩһ飬ĩ˵ƺˣһȥһ°ɡ
ĬĳͻȻûӰΪ²¥ʱ򣬾ͷԸıڹǿӳ˵ԳڵĶ̬֪ġ
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ţϾ͹ĬӦһ䣬ְĿ䵽Ľѩϣǹȥɣһ緹Ҹ뿪ǡ
ҾͲɽ緹˰ɣǾȥĺãǹǿһ쳣
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ˣ治˶õģȥˣ绰ϵ˵ţͶɽȥˡ
ĽѩȥıӰĬһΣĽѩΪԼ̫ˣԼȴʲôܸԼЩ⣬Լֻ±ˣ
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æĿƿ͸ǰַ϶ǧɽˮ䵽˲֪Զ
ĬҲû˵ʲôأߵõߣһãһѽеԼļͷϣȻȥ
·Ұ涣ΧԲԣԶľвУһ뻶ֵĳһȴԵЩƣĬ˼˼ֳ飬һ·ĬԼ̬ȣֻкúż˵仰ûӦҲĬ
һζͶխ·ʱĬѵ·ߣСһЩδ䣬ͼǰһһƨ·ϡ
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ֻǣĬץס壬Ϊ˫ֶû˶ڸ˶Уȴץһѿա
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ڷ;УĬѾƣԼ¶֮ǰͣȻ롣һֵĴһڱûеͬʱ˫һȫһš
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ʼ·һξ룬ΪûжľٶȱȽûˤ滬֮ΪĬıȻû̫ܵǿҵײڵҲûж˺
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ھξ֮󣬱ΪĬǣԼ·Ǽ˿û˼һί˫ٴαˮһ͵



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ɽĬ˲ûȥ緹ͽһҽԺϸ״
ʾ沢û̫ܵ˺ֻǱȸʯͷһ飬˼򵥵Ĵ󣬼˾ҽԺԱߵһС緹
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ŬŬ죬Ҫ˵㲻Ļû˵ڣͷһڷСˣ˵㡣
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绰ͷĽѩһص¥ãͿһʮҵӺŮӻ棬̸⣬ȴСģûǵ̸ݡ
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ţӦϴαҴ˵ӡĬʵĽѩ㣬֮ĹϵûС
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һ绰ŵģ绰ȴЩ⣬ĬͲܲ鵽绰ţò鱨֡
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ôܣǿҵ˽˴ִֻġ



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ĬȻʹǳ񣬵֪Էǵ֮ԼоֻһǹҪԸԷĸˣǾһ׵顣
ȻҲȡʤĻᣬԼȫûбҪðգԺ׼񱨳Ҳ١
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ģ㿴Ц;֮ǼǵʣƽʱЧˣݽѧϰЧʡ
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̾һѹĸԼˣԭΪôһ°
뵽²ЩԹ⹫ô˵ĸҲ⹫ŮЩôûѰҹĸŮأ˵ҪĸײҳߣͲš
˼ڹ⹫ɣҲ⹫úܲԣȷʵûжʱˣĺ뿴δıŮһϣܼһ档οɭһ˵˵ˣھϸһЩǻбҪŲҪģȻ䵽С˺УǻǺܲġ
˼ЩŲȤǲ󣬲ãԼϾ⹫ŮȻĸףѪҺϵȷʵԶܸıʵȻ⹫ǰԼһ棬ԼҲӦôӦ
Ǽϸ̸ɣһúÿǼġ
οɭǺãһᾡ쵽ǵġ
ˣ˾ˣ֪ҰְֵΪʲô⹫˼ìܣΪʲô˵Ұְţ
Ǽ̸Щɣοɭ㶣Ӧ˼ܲܰϸң
Ĭæ˼һֵƣʾ͸¶̫࣬˼Ĭ˼ǵҵҲȽϸӣ˾ˣ㵽֮ϸ̸ɣʲôʱܹأ
е飬ܴܹȥ
Ǻðɣ㵽ʱ绰ˡ
˼Һ˵䡣Ĭ˵ţͽ绰壬ģ
㺼µһ˾˵飬ҹ˳һ˼ǵϢϼڴ½Ҳвҵ㺼ʡǵ֮һ⼸콭ʡҵǡóһ⣬οɭߡ
⼸ǧҪСһЩΪһһŮҪɱ㡣
ɱңοɭȵô֪ģ
ҽɽģǻʲôϰӶģӦܵܰɡ
ˡοɭصСֵܣлѣҲҪעⰲȫ
˵绰ѾʮˣĬ˼ĽѩʵĽѩô⣿
Ҿοɭŵùһжȼ˵ɡĽѩ˶٣ȻǴҪ棬ǲӦý;ͻȥˣ
Ĭ룬˵һСõ˼ɣǿ϶Ҫȥġ
ҲãȹȥˣϢĽѩ˵ţȥ
ĬĿͶ˼Щס֣С̣ҪˣǶһ飬û̫ϵġ
治֪Ϊʲô˼̾һҾ˾ƺҰְֵʲô֮ѵҰְֺʲôìܣ
˼ѣĬ͵һͷ˼ϹγЩ񣬶μƺֶ˼ĸЩ⣬ѵ˼ĸ׾Ϲϣ
˼жԼ˽Ů˼ĸ׻ǵߣ˵˼ĸȫпܺ⹫ѹϵ֮Ҳȥ˼ĸף
ûаĲ²˵ûеóɿĽۣʵڲСٴνġ
⣬ȼ˾ϸʰɡĬ˼ˣ˯ɡ



ڶʮ 峿
ڶĬˣʱ˼ǻ˯ҲŽǣϴ֮󣬾¥̨ϡ
εģ¥Ҳؿ˳ʯʯΣٺ͹۾̨Ĭڹ۾̨ĳϣԶ峿Ĵ󺣣صȼһ֧̣Լ˳˼
飬Ĭз·ζƿһӿС̣ôʹ࣬Ѿ»ҸȻĲƣֻҪԼߣǾͲҸκ˺
ã˵Ĺ¿࣬סԼļаְС̵չˣҲ»˼ͥůҲ𽥱ûϲ
Ľѩ㵱ԼӰǸ߰࣬ڽӴ֮󣬲֪һƽգԼжǣذԼô飬Լ˶ֻͬǣԼ⣬Լܱأ
浱ԼᣬȴϲԼȻںԼҲŮıֻ֣ǣԼӦôԴأǼ䵭ȥ΢һЩأҪǼ䵭Ļǿ϶Խ飬ֺ³¶¶
¶¶һǵŮΪԼôܱԼʹڡ
Ĭоָһȣյ̵ٴŻе̵Ϩӵ
нŲͷĽѩ˳Ľѩ㣬ˣ
㶼ôҵȻҲˡĽѩߵĬĿ䵽ǰĴ棬˵鲻ãʲô
ĬĿӺ䵽Ľѩϣ¶һĮЦݣʵҲûʲôһЩϵ顣
¶ɡĽѩ΢΢һЦЩˣ鲻ܹҵģֻҪԼӦģͲ̫ˡ
֪Ĭ˵ͷĽѩ㣬лл㣬Ƶʱߡ
˵ʲôллģĽѩˬʵСҪ㵱õѣԺʲô˼Ӧø˵Щ˵ͺˡ
ĬͬĽѩĻԼõ߶¶¶飬Լܲ˼ǰְɣ˼Ƶġ
ͻȻоԼЩҸȻܺĽѩʲôŮ֮飬Լܵõһĺ֪ǾǽĪҸԼһҪϧĽѩ֮మѵĸ顣
Ľѩ㣬룬ҪڹŴǸöáĬͻȻЦ
ĽѩһüͷɻΪʲôҪڹŴִƼôַʽҲô࣬ô뷨
ĬЦЦŴ檰ҪڹŴҾͲЩ鷳ˡ
ʱĺ˼¶¶Ľѩ㶼§ԼĻ֪ܶɼģҪǴСܵ˼绷Ӱ졣
ǰԼС̵˵ɣʱԼףаԼΪ鲻ͥܣСһֱûдӦԼŮѣԼҲܳ׷ſֽȥ׷ֱԼ˸ݣŲˡ
Լ¶¶ҲͬǰԼ˼ͬԸȽϺϣܹ໥£ദڼ䵹ǺǢ˵ӵк֣ܶǣΪ¶¶ͥӰ죬ȴԶԼ˵Ĺϵž˳ˡ
ڹŴͲˣԼͬʱӵ˼¶¶ᱻȡЦܵ¶¶˵
ĽѩȴͻȻĬĶ䣬ԿЦ˵ðСԭôģһΪרһúأǱƭˡ
ĬЦ뷨Ҳ̵ġ
ôҽ̵İĽѩ˵֮󣬲ŻǴȥϺεʱԼ˵ϣСܹһЩ𣬸ֵʱ֣ϸ˵ǶĽ̵
ǣҿСĲܾͲɣȻͷˡ
ˣҵ˰ĬЦЩڻƵص˵һ㴿ˡ
ҿδأо仰ɧҿ͡Ľѩ˵ֵ˵ĬĶͷһʦѧӡ
ҪôΪҲû취ˡĬĽѩôһ˵鷴࣬룬ֵĽѩ㣬˵ҪԺȥһû˵ĺȻǶӵȥסǸǶôһ顣
ȻĬ˼ǡ֣ĽѩĿȴɵòһ£Ҫôһ죬ԼԸСһȥһµϾס
СںԼԼ϶ԸģֻС̰ЩԼҲܺС֮ȣҪԼȥˣǿ϶ܵܶίġ
ֻµʱֻ˼ǶһˡĽѩ˵ʱ¾ȻЩ
Ĭ΢΢һֻڵһ仰ĽѩˣæҲ˵˵ҪôС˭Ըȥϰûй㳡أֻźŶûС
ЩҲýĽѩЦҪкܶܶǮʱͿڵϽܶʩˣڹһֱ𣿡
ĬĽѩ˵õҲмֵղȷʵ˵˵ԼôʲôȥסҪĽѩ˵ôȥҪһʲƵʽģԼôǮȥ˷ѣ
Ȼ·뷨ȴǳ΢ЦðɣԺǮˣҾȥСʱ˶ס
ָЩˣʶ˶Ҫȥסɣ
һڷ赽̶ֳȰɡĬЦȻ׵ˣ˵Ұ谡˼㰡
⻹ࡣĽѩ΢΢ЦԤҰ衣
Ĭ֪ĽѩҲ˵˵ûе棬ֻ΢ЦȴûӦ𡣳һᣬŵĽѩ㣬˵˵ɣʲôûС
˸СʱֱɫˣŻص¥¡
ʱ˼Ѿ˹ڴͷ˼ʲôĬŰЩã˫䵽ĬϣݸһЦС㣬ôͳȥˡ
ղ¥һᡣĬߣ§ס˼ӣ˼˼˾˵ɣ
˼̾һڣʵЩͻȻһʱܲˡ
ûʲôһжúġ
˼ĬһᣬͻȻˣȥСúǣôţ
ţȹȥǣҪ緹ǿˡĬ˵ţ̽˫˼ͷһڣǱȥ
õķ䣬ôʱѾˣȴЩѣȻ˫ڴϣƺ˼ʲôĽŲæ۾¶һ΢Ц硭
Сãտ֡ĬõԱߣۿоȻЩ⣬ղڳ˼Ƶ鰡æСãôˣ
ûʲôЩְ衣ͻȻЩ죬ǰҹʱһͻһ뼦ΪյĽڡ
ĬһʹæסС֣οСãҪģְÿģϣ֡
š˫۳⣬ڸ簲ο£ջûˮ硭һӵĬĻС
СáĬ˫ֽ§סýϧ
˺һᣬĬŵСãô
첻ȥɽȥ￴ڸůӵ£𽥺
ţǺãǽ濪ЩĬһ¿ɷʹ˻ȥ״ô˵أ
ôûЩǡգԼҲӦô˵һ档
ڻοɭ飬οɭҪȥԼϻȥҲᵢġ
˽ӵʱ򣬷ȴǿˣĽѩ˽Ľѩӵĳһ£Ȼ˵Сá桢Ҫ緹ˣ׼
Ǵ·ɣȳȥˡĬɿõӣĿ䵽ԱĴϣʱҲˣ˫ڳ˼ʲôвɵ̾һ



ڶʮ 
ɽλɽȺĶ棬ǺҹĴ̷Դأص羰ʤ͹5Aɽ滷ﻨ㣬Ϊ˼ĵһ徻ءϳȻ⣬ľ۸һɽʯľ¿̡޲˷ɫʡ
ڳԹ緹Ĭ˾Ϳʼɽһ·ϣúԵΪ֣һСӣĵطȻˣһǵһɽҽ컹գҲǳǣ˼ЩĬȻ˼Լ飬Ͼ֪ԼСҪԼκһ˶к飻ĽѩȻˣʱĬļ䣬ʱֺļ䣻棬һ··ϸͲô˵Ҳ֪еЩʲô
˴˽ͤȤռ£ռɽ´ŵĵطһʮĶأȻѵʱȻҶ컨ͤͤƾٷ磬˱ǣĿ
磬ҺСһš˵ţվ˼Ȼſϣеƣհ
ţעˡĬһ˫ĿȴǾþͣڻϣǻЦӣһοСİ˼ԼˣҲãһԺԺҼ˺ƽദӵļͥů
磬Ҫ㡣üǱģæĬ֣˵ǶŵԡҲҪ򡣡
Ĭ֪ǸأοͿȥǱǺãȥɣһһ
ҲҪС죬һСӡ
ǶһΪʲôҪĬõΪСһЩ𣿡
ҪҰְһҲǷ
ĬһʱסˣæͷǺã˵źõǱȥʵڲú˼̫࣬Ҳ˰ְֵ顣
һᣬ˾ͽԺԺռƽףٶӣΡ¥µĵͼϵ޲ÿһοͣһڷĸܡ
ľĬɵǴϺ龰ԼϹεıڴһܣĽѩ㷢֮飬ȻЩĸо
ιһԺӺ磬С̣ȥɡ˵ţźõ֣첽Ĵȥˡ
ĬҲȥ￴ǶԱߵ˼ŮҲȥɡ
ֵطӦԸ˼ĽѩȻʲô飬ȴǹĬԣȻǽȥɣȥǱ߿Ȫ˵ţԸǱȥˡ
ĬҲǿֻ˵һעⰲȫȻͺĽѩ˼һ˴
ʱúͺѾеĲݵϹӣ͵İݷҲеһȡ
ĬҲĵطŹڹ֮Ĭ˼ĿⲻԼͬضһ໥Ҳᶯݵġ
˺üӣתͷȥõĹȻر۾˸ԵԸ
ĬԸܼ򵥣ǾԼߵ˿֣ڵôǿ֣һʱҲҲ𰸡
̨֮ѡ˸ָĻĬΪûѡһФΪԼ˼ѡһԵ
ÿ𡣡˼ڴԵ󣬾ȲĬ
ǳÿĬ˼ؿϵ壬΢ЦȴͻȻסˡ
ǴСëסʱ¶ԼԵ龰Ȼ˵ĳԼջûǰ塣
Ҳ֪ڻǶĬа̾һ
˼Ĭı仯Ҳµ뵽ʲôоȻɵһС¶¶ĸ黹ǲ׾ô˶ϣϾС˶Բ¶¶¶¶ڳˣֻСĵġ
ʵҲϣ¶¶ܹ߹ȻСҲװѣڿƺܡ
ȻҲûĬϾⶫ˵ıԣС¶¶ô飬֮Ҳ϶Щ飬ο֮Ѿϵˡ
ǷʲôùһĬ˼Цˣǳȥطɡ
ĬŻæͷǺðɣȥط
ϣĬȻǱߵϢϺһӲʮӣг˵ӢЩݣһ׺ɫװӿǷȡ
Ĭ棬ͱøİȫڿİӽӽԷͷߵ˵Աߣ˵棬λǣ
ѡûĬһۣ˵ȥɣҺһˡ
Ĭһ㶣ѾͷңҲǵģ˸ͲϤΪңԼİȫ˼ĬбͶΣôΪһ뿪أǵ棬Ȼѣǲһˡ
ȻҲʶĬѣæվһʵСλǣ
ѣĬȻĬ֣Ҳ˼˵
Сֵܣãҽһܿӡ
ĬȻӵݣǱԼʾãԼӦŶԣȥ֣ЦЦããɿ֣ȴǱЩ磬ôʶİ
һ㶣Цݿ˵Һȥһʶģû뵽ʵǺԵְ鶯תһ£СҿǾԼȥɣСһˡ
Ĭһʱ֪ôشֻðĿͶ棬˵棬Сõգô˵ҲӦҪһ棬ҿһ·ġȻԼ֮⣬滹йǿ֣־ڣĬʼջǷŲ
ˣһǵģʱúùˡ濴ĬΪżвɵЩˬ죬֤СӻںԼġ
Уְֳʱ򣬾Ͱ㽻ˣұҪİȫĬô˵ԼһȰοɣԼ֮Ĺϵ
ʲôʱҸˣаߴһ䣬漴ѧĬȥԼѧУ飬ʱԼҪԼģ˼ô˵Ҳиоݵġ
Ĭ˵Լ磬ȴԽƣŬŬôѵܸҵ˽£
ҲҪ˽£Ϊ㰲ȫ롣
ڣôܲȫ˿ĬĹģǹΪ˵ˣҵѣҺһȫúܣѲ㻹˻ˣ
ϲɵûһ˿ޣ֮ɫתʹȡ֮΢ЦСֵܣòŵǵģ߻бأȫúܡ
٣Ҿǲ㣬ҲŲأ˵ʲôӽģĬȻô˵ǿȴû˵Ǽᶨ磬Ҳ˼ֻǳеʱѾͶҪ󣬱Ҫʱ̸ߡ
ȻҪ󡣡мּ̣Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ĭԣжʱһ𣬲ڻûŪ࣬Ҳֻܰŭǿ˵ǵ飬Ϊİȫøߡ
Ȼղ˵ҰֶҪ󣬵ȻҪˡں˵Ҫһ棬Ҫһ·Ҳᷴԡ
ĬȻЩƣǶȴ޿κΣǵȻҾ͸һˡ˵ţǱߵ˼Ľѩǽе˼Ľѩ㣬ȥǱɣе顣
˳Ĭкȥ˫۶ʱ͹˳ԹԸȻôŮСӵ޸ǲǳһ·ϵðȫ˶
뵽ҲЩŭˣǱ߶ôŮˣȻҪСŮСʲô˼
ģҪǿǸϣͽѵˣﻹֵõνĺû᣿
ǺðɣȥǱ߿һ绰ϵĽѩе
оȻЩϲСܷǵĻᣬػҵߣȷʵмַ
뵽ȷʵӾԼҪĬ˭Сһ·ԼأҲӦһĸоŶԡ
мƳĬһۣתĿ˵磬׼ð
ҲҪ졣΢ЦѾ˺ü˰ɣһ·ϻÿİɣ
ǰģеɽģһ·ϻò٩٩̸ûںԱĬĴڡ
Ĭ֪ˣŮƢҲȥᣬǰѹǿ֣־еһԣʵǿ磬־磬ʶ𣿡
ǿ˵ͷʶϰСȥμӹһκᣬеĵʱҲڳʱСڨʱС㲢ûҲ֪ôС㿴˵顣
ǿҵ˼걣ˣǴκᣬҲΪұڲμ˵ģԶ鵹Ҳ֪һ
ǰϾʶˣҴӵ̬ʱûпʲôԾѵʶûͼ
ĬǱһ̸ۣ°Լô˵ҶҪӣ˵ĹϵչҲúõӵΪϾΪҲźһģұ鸺
ţǶעһԷСʲô⡣Ĭѵ
֪ľˡǿ֣־һͷ
Ĭڽ֮Ȼû뿪ǹԱߵĳϣеصȼһ֧̣Ը
˵֮࣬Ŀ͵һԱߵĬȴǷһȻԵõӣͿʲôƣ²ɵŭСӣĶҺںڿҺͱĵôȻ޶ԡ
ҲƺһЩ²ɵЩƣŮϲӣİɡ
ߣ㴦ʲôԭҵңȻᣬҾ;֡



ڶʮ߻ 
һᣬҲϤʵСΪʲô縺İȫأ񶷺𣿡
죬Щм˵㿴ʲôأ
ΪʲôҪİȫ⣿
ѽʵҲûʲôҸɸ磬ҰҲΪܽĬȻ֣ԽСӾӲоװ¡˵úܸߣȻǹҪĬ
Ĭ̾һѾͷֺԼˣֻεĽϴôˣ˵ԺѶûˡ
Ҳദ˽꣬ԼһֱúͺѣҪͻȻϵԶЩá
ΪĬǸʲô˲õô˵ϲ¶һ˿Цݣа룬һΪǸʲôأǸһĸɸ磬ҿɸһȥɡ
СȥǱߡʯɡ
ʱͷϣˬʹӦˣǱȥʱ򣬻ͷĬһۣҪȥǱ棬㲻øˡ
ҲȥǱ߿һȥɡĬе̵ӵվһôļơ
㡭ҧҧ촽ʵڰĬ޿κΣҲֻܲᡣ
ҲúĬ˺ƤĬĸɸ磬ҪԼ˳ͻǲӰԼʿȣ治˵ġ˵żԹĬ֮⣬Ҳûʲô취
йǿ֣־ڣĬҲԵúΣһ·϶죬Ե÷ǳȻ
״̬˸СʱߵĬԱߣ˵ȥСǰɡȻĬȥ֣ԼʵûжٹͬԣԼҪǿջЦʵһʹ飬Ȳǰ״̬
ĬܹһֱĵĸԼߣеŭҲ˲٣ûбҪټȥˡ
ǺðɣҸǴ绰ˡĬµóֻͨ˼ĵ绰롣
Сһɡ
ˣѽҪһء治˼ЦЦԺлһԷɡ
ѹ̫ˡƤ˵Ҳμǵɣ˶֣
ðɡЩΪѵѻǸϲİ˵ġǿЦһ£ˣҺҸˣʱġ
ǺðɡҲô򣬡Ժ绰ϵݰݣ
ݰݡ˵ţҲԱߵĬǴ˼ڵķȥˡ
ĬԼбҪúýһ£ԼԲΪԼһЩĪˣǰȥ沢ǰ棬һ˾Ͳʲôˣѵ˫ǳɫԵ𣿡
ҵǸˣس죬˵ֲʧȤĬҾϲˡҲǲʲô˾ӣһĬҲΥĵ
٣ǻǺˣҿͲ̵ˡĬЩϵҲ䵭ѾˣҪԼע˻˵ĵʱɲҪڡ
ҵ£ҪܡͻȻЩίûҵĵλˣҵʲô
氡ôܰ˵ĬοˣˣˣСƢˣԺٽӴˣǱӴ
˭СԼԼ֪˵ţӿŲǰȥˡ
ĬҲû׷ϣֻǾظ棬֪ڴڣԼӦøһʱ䡣
˼ŮԱ߲Զͤ棬ĬʮӺͺˣ֮󣬼ȥ˷ɽۼµȵһˣŻصڵıݡ
ϳ˷˾׷ңзԱ׼õĵ⡢СԺ;ˮȻͿʼõСᡣ
Ĭȥ̲þٰһر¶ᣬѾЩˣ治ȫѡڱ档
Ĭ˼òʮ֧󣬶ǱߵĽѩеĽѩ㣬Էոˣ棬ǱߵĵƹˣСã׼򡣡˵ȡȼ
ѵƹصֻʣ˵ŵ͵ĻӰĴ£Ҷʼո裬öֻСƣף
رۣĬĬԸ֮󣬾Ըʱ̣۽ǲ֪رˮӳ£Ե˵ľӨ
Ҹ⣡
ǰʱȻÿζǵãԼһޡС֮̸ʲôرףһΣôᣬôѸԼףĸоҸ
˫ۣĿ䵽Ĭϣ磬һ𴵰ɡ
ãʼĬһȻͺһӶЦж޵顣
㣬ʲôԸأ˵ú
ãǲ˵ģ˵ͲˡõȻԱߵСݸĬ磬еͽˡ
տ֡Ľѩһͣòע⣬һͿϡ
ѽͿҡҲŪһЩͣ׼ĨԱߵĽѩҪŪĽѩʱȴͻȻת˷һͿĬϡ
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˼뿪ټķʣ鸴ӵĬ档ĬԱߣĿϣؿεӡ
ϼ͸ź󣬸һִƵ۸УԲϸϸĺ飬ֺԸеСһһģƺ˵ʲô´ֲ̫ܵӣĬʵϧĺ˵һЩеĹػ
Сϲ㣬֪֪ǰҲԡ˯һᣬͻȻ˵λҲòҰɣͷͷĺܡ
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ǣȫԶҺһЩġίƺҪ޳һ㣬㿴һ·ϣûкҺú˵˵ǡĽѩĽҲҪҶһЩΪʲô
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ڶʮ ϴ
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ҸǣûκιϵҲ֪κⷽ顣̾һ˵ֻϧǸͲҵĻ˵˸߹ǣҺ͵еϵ
ϹҲS鱨еĹϵһϹڸܡĬаѰ˼ΪһԽ˴ţԷֹϹΪԼԵʶγˣϹ϶ԼйأԽ˻ԼϹ֪ȫڲ̽Խ˻ɢȫֵעͬʱֺS鱨֡
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S鱨֪࣬µS鱨־Ϊͻƿڣ֪йҰȫֶǵķǳϸǲðôΣգǾҵһĹŻ
S鱨ֺŻЭǣS鱨ָṩµŮ٣Żڰ֮S鱨ҪΪҪЮ¡ĺ˫S鱨˵ԼóԱɧйãһԴ˻õϢŻ˵׼ĿϢթɹS鱨ֵڻԼҲһЩ
ȻжΣǷǳģЩŻﱾڵϵˣھ޴󾭼ʹ£ȻԸա
ĬڹҶϵ绰ԶǰȷʵȫܿԷӰȻԷѾӳԼ߷Χ
ʱϼϵͳ˵绰Ѿ״ϵͳ鵽˶Էλãͧ棬ԷĴֻƺѾͣˡ
ͣˣĬ΢΢һ㶣ôܻʱͣ
Ҳ֪·صľ뻹ЩԶӦҪһӲܸϵǱߡ
ǺãȥĬҶϵ绰󣬾ͰնԷ˵Ǹȥˡ
ʮӺ󣬹ȻǰһһҰɫĿͧǸղŶԷܵĿͧͧĬбԽԽ󣬺Ȼͧͣ
ЩһΪʲôѴͣأǴֻʲôϰɡĬа룬˵Ѿʽˡ
˼ӣĬĿͧϵͧԱߣڹ۲һ󣬼ͧû˿ǿӰǶǱߴ˼
ȻûӦͧȷʵûˡĬиżǵȥˣ
ֻŲһºϼϵͳĵ绰ȻͨȻѾֻ߳źڸͲܺϵˡ
ģֻҲûźˣͧϵͨѶִﲻҪǲܽбˡ
ԼĿͧ׿ҿͧȷȷʵû֮ҧҧսԼĿͧSķȥˡ
SλҹԵɽоŰٶ๫ԼΪҹĶʮ֮һ˿ȴڶ࣬ΪĹ֮һĬȻȷԷSȥˣǶԷпȥǸˣҲֻ׷ϡ
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ĬҲǻģΪֻǲɱܿ˵ļ죬Ͼͧǲܳܣ˵Ļɡ
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Ȼ϶ܷ˻Ĭ;Ǵȥ̽һ£ֻǣҪӺ׷ϻȻȥǿ϶ᱻϵ˷֣˵İ취
ҸôϢصȥأĬһᣬͻһƣתͧķÿͧŻǰ׷϶ȥ
ͧٶȱȻֵٶȿһЩԼʹ߻ߣͧҲ𽥸˻֡ĬƵĻ߱ȽϴֱһСʱƵ˻ǰ档
Զ󷽣ĴСֻһ輸ôĬа룬ǻҿͧˣǵԶȽһЩҲӦòܿߵɡ
ȲˣɰܾʹһעĬڿͧһЩ׵ĹߣԼֻǮһĶŵһˮ󻹴һģŽͧķתһ£ʻȥˡ
ĬվͧıԵҧҧݣһˮС
Ȼˮ¶ȱޱȣھѵĬ˵ܹܵģĿǱԶȥĿͧа̾һҪͻȻת䷽ҽ군ˣĺҲкüɣʱҲ֪εȥ
ȻʶԼ˿̵Ĵڸղŵľ䵽ڵ³Լкܴεģ˵ðΣգԼҲȳ
ȻоȫЩ䣬Ĭû˶ůӣڱɣȷһϴ֮оȥ档
ڴžģĬ㲻֫Ҳȥӣ˫ۿգ˼һϴֵ֮ܳĸֳ
Ǳ߻ԽԽˣĺ·ߺԼڵĵطȴеƫǱ˹ȥ
ԽԽˣĬ̫ĶؽԴֵˮУȻˮУǲҪñΪǱͧʱ򣬾ȡһˮܣʱÿԽ˺
һᣬѾߵǰˣһװŻĴ󺣴һ׳ȻװŻǴˮȻ߰׸ߣ˵Ҫӻȥʵ̫ˡ
ȻӴͷȥкܴΣգĬòٲһΣðԴ˿ϵͷʱǡûˣǸæȡ׼õӺ͹ӣȻڻĴͷִԼ׵ĵط͵ִǰ׹Ĵê
ڴêˮƽֻ׶ľ룬ĬɾͰѹӵ˴ê֮ϣǹǸղڿͧƵģ״Сùڴêϣ˳͹˴ê档
ʱĲѾֵӣΪײҲ׼ûиײˡ
˳ŻԵӣǳι̣°һؼһˣϻѾûˡ
ӺĬ˴ê棬˱ĺˮ˶֮ĬǵӦ֣һ˴ͷԵ
ͷǰǼװվڼԱĬֱϴǻص˴ê档
ڴêλڻִͷ·ԼʹͷйԱ鿴ҲܷӰ
ڴêϴ˰Сʱһ˴ͷǱȻйԱΪ˰ȫٴλص˴ê档
ֱĴͷʱûп˹Աɿ췭ͷϣȻ󼸸Ǳ߻һխСļװ
ڻ¥һΧһԲͬ˳ԲȻûһһֽ𣬵ȴвרŶĲõĳ룬ȻЩǴҼƽӮıǡ
һӵһֻѩѣݺݵһڣñ׼ӡ˵ģҲ֪йдǮûС
һһ̵ӽеŮУҲǮ𣿡
ǵҲǡģ𰡣ǰܺ͵˷ܡ
ҿЩǮ±ӻˡһ͵һƱӾȥȥˡ
뵽ЩǮˮ뵽Ǹ˶ӸˮһһЦģǽϰŮĸ˰ɡ
ϴ¹ˣŮһëġҲЩźģ椶ȷʵƯˣҲ
ǵʱǸϴһ°ɣϴǲҪһ⡣һͷڵ
ҿ᲻󡣡зϴҪ椶S鱨֣Ҫǰǿˣܿɱģʱʲôˣ
ģǲôԱһڿˮS鱨ֲ͸ṩһϢˣðΣȥģƾʲôҪؽǣ
ô˵еS鱨ֵǳǿ󣬶֪ǵҪβúǵĹʱ򲻵òǵ֧Ԯ϶ᱻǳġ
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ŮУھûŰ˵˵ˣ崿ƯйŮӻǵһοܲʵЩϧˡ
˰ɣڱһ̣Ҫʵ̫ҪˣֲûŮˣ
ֻ˵˵ˣѵ񫶼а룬ֵ˵ҿͧ᲻׷ǵĻ֡
УΪǿͧרŵ׷ͧ·ٹˣǿͧûˡ
⵹ҲǡЩ˿϶²ǻܵǸɵ̫Ưˡ



ڶʮһ ɰ
Ĭڻ̽һᣬΧòˣʱͻȻһĹԱǰ˹
һӹ߰óһذڹԱߵԼԱߵһ˲䣬һһֻסͣһֻֽذ׼ĲϣȻҾɱ㡣˵߽˼װ϶
ӸĬͣҪȴǲܽг漴ʶһذ׼ԼĲϣȴǲκ
Ҫ˵ȻҾһɱ㡣Ĭٴв
ƺöĬԣæ˵ͷʾԼҺҽС
Ĭ͵΢΢һЩˣ
ǡӡˡò̫׼ĺӦ
Ǵ￪ģΪöԷԼĻĬԼĻ˵ûһЩ
ǴżӴ￪Sġ
ĸСʱǰǲмһСͧϵϡ
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û𣿡Ĭһ˿ȻûУҲûʲôüֵˣǾȥɡһ˵˵ذһ߼Ǽ͵ĵشļѪ͸˳
˵˵ӵĻ˿־壬ĸСʱǰȷʵӣǶϰѡȻἰκι˰·ϴ飬֪ĬǿЦΪ˱סԼҲֻʵˡ
ӣĬ΢΢һüͷ漴׹Ȼǰֻĸ˰棬Сͧ϶ˣԼҲˡ
ûһŮģĬʡ
񡭡ûУǵǴһڴǲװˣҾͲ֪ˡ
ǿڴװľˣĬа룬ЩԱ֪࣬ǰ»湻صġ
ʲôطʲô
ܹʮˣжҲ̫
ĬٰѸʵⶼ֮һӴ˱˹ȥ
ĬϵĹԼϵʪ·Ȼȡ߰֫˸ʵֽӽϵĳ絽ԼŽһεļװ϶
ɱӵģӺĹԼûбҪɱ޹ţƾӵ״ڶʱǲѹġ
ùĬŻк󲿵ĴԱ֣˿ȻѸϹҡڵǱȥˡ
ĬûмȥˣԹԱݰѴϵ̽òˣھĵĲ̽Ҳϵó˶ԷԷҪ¥ܹʮĸˣǱѺ¥мһ
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Է¥˷ǳ࣬ĬΪͻƿڣһ¥βȴѲԱĬÿԴ֡
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ӵҪ˽S鱨֣ʱôܹõʣµڣ
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ǹŴһ죬վһϵṤԱæʵղϴеġ
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ӸոշӦؿھѾĬĵӴˡ
ĬæϷţȶһƣȻõӽ⿪ϵӡ
мĬԼڼǵӰûоȣ޵ĸжѾɺԵۿٴαˮǼˮ
Ĭ˺ϵĽʱģ뵽ڵĽջסˣֻᣬȴȪˮ㻬



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泣ʱı֫ľˣӸոս⿪Ͳ֣ܶĬֽ§˵һ䣺סҵӡȻᲽȥˡ
Ȼ˫ֻľ֪Լȫ§סĬӡ
Ĭոճŵһ˲䣬ԱҵſͻȻˣǸ׼С⡣
ĬѾվ˳ǡڹرշţͲܶ㿪ߣľ֮࣬Ѿֵǹ׼ӡ
Ҳڵһʱ䷢˱ĬǸþɳϵ£ʶǱ߳˴£һſ˵ϣͬʱдһˡ
أĬǹӵ˳ȥӵûлǴϷ˹ȥ
ˣǳȥ˺е
Ĭǹǹͷƣһǹ˹ȥһǹȴǡûļڻ֮Ĭûмһӵеǹһ¥ݿܣһ쵽䣬ȡһղڲѽס
ĬӸոת¥ݵһ˲䣬͵֣ڵλá
һ죬صĵطһҫ۵Ĺâ漴һҵػζװŷҲһ㡣
ӱըզ⽴ѪĴɽǸ׼̽ӣҲΪױըĵطܽըˡ
ʶԣæߵĳǹس棬ڳܵʱ໥ţСЩԷ
ģˡ
ȥǱ߿ʡ
Ĭ֪ҪЩ˶ǾرѵģԼʱֱһ棬ǲܺͶԷġ˲üԷɵ¥ȥ
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ણڴյĻԵø࣬˲
Ȼ̾͵ȥһеĳǹǱ⶯ˣһӵûβ
ҽһ漴ֹס֪һߣҪԼĬһϣҲ
Ĭ֪ΣҲûȥƣǼһ¥ȥܵһ¥ʱֳһֳֳǹӣĬûиԷκοǹĻᣬͰѶԷѡ
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һ죬䵽˺ˮ֮У뺣ˮ֮ĬȻ쳣ûѡϺ棬βķǱȥ
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ʱϵѾ嵽ĬˮĵطųǹˮǸոմĵط谵ĵطĬˮУǸͿ˵ȷλá
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һᡣĬ˵ǰһǸûˡ
Ϊ˶Լһ·ĬǿһʱѡжģΪԼԷƵΪΧиԼҲܹãã󺣡ںˮĵطһĵطҪεǺȥҲԲһ׵顣
ʵֻĬΪԼµһ·ھ֮취Щ˿סģһòźƯããˡû뵽ǣڸոհ汧Էʱ򣬾͸Է˷ˣڱƵװԵʱҲòºȻ϶ᱻԷĳǹѡ
뵽һ̵ĴĬвɵðңһƬˮĺ࣬Ұжʱһ̣Ȼкãã󺣶ϣ
ģΧֻΧȫããĺˮûзʲô
Ǳߣ§סҵӣҪӾ
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һˮ˫Ŀ˸ӵ񣬿Ļ㡭ĬΪС̣ȥ
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ңһܹȥġΪ˲ٴˮĬòһֻ§ӣȴֻһֻӾĴȺβˣӾٶȻǳˡ
ΪʲôҪҡȻͣزţҲ΢ã˸á
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ĻĿҵţƾĬ仰ԼҲǿػȥŮˣôأ˿̣ԼǺϵ˰
ͻȻһǿһȥԼǿػȥȻôԵĬðôΣԼ
аԼҲСһƴһ룡
뵽ЩͻȻоΧûǰôˣĬӽӴĵطǴһůֵһů
Ĭоʶı仯ֲĿӣͷ棬ǰ棬ж֮ǰͿ˵ģңһεϡ
صͷţšĬӾǳֵС㡭㲻ñˣ˫ξˡ
㱣֤ɿ֣Ĭĺٴɿ֣ҪȥˮǺˮ֮ǡ
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Ĭ̾һǾͬɣɿ§֣ԼĲ棬˫ȫǰȥˡ
֪źʹļ尾ҪԼ˵ʱп˯ܾʹɥ˵Ӿ֮࣬ʱ̺˵Ż
棬һ·û˺㡣
ǰˣûʲôӦ֮ػҵӱռұˣȴͻȻˡ
Ĭ°һǳ汻ЩŰˣǴĻǳ⣬Ҳûô˺
棬ҲãҪңͲᱻǰܡ
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˵澹ȻɵһңҪԼܺĬͬ𣬾ԼܺĬһ־Ķǵ֮ãԼⱲҲûʲôźˡ
Ĭͷһۣ԰׵ϾȻֳһ˿ҸЦݣа룬ѾͷǸɵ˰ɣڶʱˣȻЦ
漴΢Цԭ̾һĲ¶¶ĺˣпܳ¶¶ҵϾصǧ˵ҲһΣ澹ȻһΡ
һʱݣʱ֪˭Ǵεӡ󻹲̫һΣʱп󺣵Σգһ֪ᾭãζӰ죬Ͳݡ
û취ˣذңܱ󺣺õöɣԺ죬ҲҪǵģұ뾡ȫ뿪˼
СǺжԶʵ
ĬǰҹɫµĺϣѾܹǰ¡𼸸ɽԼǰõĺæָָ˵һִܵ
ڱң𣿡
ۣϴž£ҪĬ˵ɣȴǷǳʮȵĺˮУҲо䰡˵ˣĴȺβӵʹ⣬Ѫڲͣʧ£ôܲѾ
ףҪԼڶʱεǺϣǾֻܺһˡ
ȻȴŲԼĸĸŮˣ˵ҪҪҲ
СҪԶǸöáԽԽͣȻʶѾЩģˡ
桭ĬԺֹͣתæһ棬֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡
֪ҲǮưɡ
ʵǲҪǮƣְֿеõǹҵĸֻܡ
ǲǹҵ𣿡ʵ
ǵģӡˣĻʹS鱨ֵˡ
Сôϴģǲ⣬Щ˵ػܣôĬϢ˻أ
ҿſͧƵǰ棬ȻˮУȴڵλãץסǻêĬĵؽ
Ĭ˵иǸжСΪ˾ңǺľǧడ⣬ⱲӶ޷ˡ
ۼԽԽˣƣߵĬȴٴγ˫һԴһ㣬ٶǺϻȥ
棬Ͼϵˣټһᡭ
ţҿˡȻ쳣ıܺĬԵĹסһ飡
ӺĬε˵ߣ˵ϵĺ̲ϣӷ·Ҫɢ˼һ㣬һ̱ߡ
ȻȺβȻʹˮĺҲ׶Լӣڸоȴۣããҹգĺ˯һԶ
ҲΪʹڼȵʹУղûӾҪĬǿһ㣬ĬӣСû°ɡ
ĬŴԺл뵽ߵ棬͵ضæʵ棬ôˣ
û£ǡǺ䡣ȫ΢΢
΢ɫĬܹɫʹ࣬ʱͷͣصźˮɫȴǰһЩֻ촽Ȼںڲš
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͸ʪ·ܹоǵ£뵽ԼŮ˫ȾƳ󲽴󲽵ȥ
СԼߡ濴Ĭϵʹ࣬Ҫ
ˣұɡ
ʱ֪ĬҲˣ˼º󣬾͹ԹԵĬĻУһ̵ܰ
֪䣬ѾˮҲ֪ͷĺˮۿˮ
ʮԶѽִɳ̲ıԵشĬ˵϶ᱻˮ͵ˣǾɡ



ڶʮ ȡů
¹ɳ̲ϣɳ̲ãԶĺ˲ͣĴɳ̲Χһ𣬸µһݹ졣
һ΢紵Աľƺɪɪа˸ߵҰصţ·ҹɫеڻζ
ĬĳϰΪˣȴǵһξֳ棬о·ǳԱĬڣѾŵȥˡ
䡭ȫͣš
ҹĴ£ĬҲо쳣Լôǿо䣬˵ˡ棬˵·ʪˣֶˣʲô취ůأ
ϣ͵ˣΨһʣµֻһذףҪĿǻ𰡣ذʲôã
һ̣Ҹ˿ڵѪֹסĬ뵽Ǵ¶¶ָԼ˿ֹѪ龰ǵ棬ȡ
㶣ܿĬͼһǺðɡ˵ţȡԼ¡
㡭ҽһ󱳵Ŧۡ
Ĭ֪ӽӲܲûоܾ󣬶ʪ·⿪˺󱳵Ŧۡ
˰ӣŰȡĬڽӹ֮ϸˮ֣˺һС飬ȻԼ·˺˵棬ˣ
βѵطָָԼβ
ţҿĬ׵ƨԱߣ΢΢ԥһ£⿪˿ӡ
ȻҹɫʣڿӻʱĬؿѡ޳ԸеĴȣֻԭѩϸ۵ĴȣʱȴˮܵģһЩɫȻΪ䶳Եʡ
βಿλڿϸһ鵭ѪȻ˵ĵط
Ҫڿȥһ㡣Ĭ˵ţҲӦڿ㻬ȥһξ롣
ʱԲβչĬǰĬȻе뷨ǲɵЩԳ
棬ʱû˿ΨһĸоǺʹ̬ʵûоȥ˼ɡ
ӵǴȲȥģӦβ಻ԶĬӾжϣӵӦúܺȡûĶҹɫ谵ͲóȻ֣Ȱ˿ڰ˵ɣʧѪݿˡ
ڸ˿ںĬԼĿӣһԼȺβ˿ڣˮűӵеģӵΪˮ˲ٵӵòӦúɾȡӵⲻһ
ʱŷĬҲˣȵСҲˡ
ûʲôС˶ѡĬɵЦЦ
Ȼȡӵһѵ飬ûڴ˿ôΪ֪Ҫ䣬Ȼܸܿ
ǹˡ˵˵ţ̲ס˳
ˣһᣬȥռһЩݲݣԱһȡůĬ˵ţǿŴȺβǹˣٴݴȥˡ
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ţҾΧľˡĬӦһ䣬ȻͶ뵽ռݲݵжС
ȻܹĬռݲݵʼǺʮ׵ľ룬̵ֻĹµϣʮ׾˵һһľ룬æ۾ήһţвͣԼСԱߡСԱߡ
Ȼ֪ﲢû˺ԼˣȴԽԽ죬аСҪһ𡭡
ʮӺĬѾռһƸɲˣܲصߣήһһڲͣ棬һϧ˵һ䣺棬ȥǱߡ˵ţְ汧
СĬһ̣˫ֽ§Ĭӣ㡭㲻Ҫ뿪ҡ
ĬĲҵصţǵģŮҪңҲ뿪棬Ҳ뿪㣬һһֱߵġ
汧ݶѱߣЩε棬·͸ʪ˰ɡ
ˡ԰׵һ˿ɬȫ𣿡
ڿ㡭ĬҲԵЩΣΪҪ϶ˮʪ·ǿ϶ģ⵺ûҽģǹˣܻΣգΪ壬ԼҲֻܽ·ˣڿ㣬Ҫߵġ
ǺðɡȻЩԥջԼ·
Ĭûпر·ĶԸԼ·ӣֱֻʣһڿ㡣
תͷ˿棬Ѿϵ·ȫȻֻزһ棬Բͦε״ȴ˵ǵ̲ס࿴˼ۣ
ٰԼڿŤˮֺٴϰɡĬ˵ţʰ·ӣ¿ŤɣȻȥԱߵСϡ
صߣ沢ûаڿ㴩ϣȫӣĬæԴƫ˹ȥ˵棬ڿ㴩ϰɡ
ˡһǱȥ
ǴϰɡĬЩΪѵҲСĿ˲ÿĵط
ʵǶ˵Ǻϣӵģ֮Σϵɬί
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뵽Ĭ߽ӹڿ㣬ҲǱߵСϡ
ˣ㵽ݶȥɡĬߵߣ§壬ƶԱߵĲݶϡ
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Ҳ֪ĬΪԥûʲôģܡ
Ĭ룬ҡͷУʹġ˵ţٴνӷŵԱߣһ²ݶѣȻ˳ɵ˲ݵϣ˵棬㵽ɡ
š΢΢һ㶣æͷǺðɡ˵ţһСεľ룬Ȼһ˵ĬĻС
˶ǳӣ⼡뼡ĽӴ˴ĸо
ûк˼׹һĸоĿɵ䡢ʹͿ־嶼ͳͳ׵˾⣬ȡ֮޵Ҹů
ĬҲֳĽӴио˲ĳطҲԼؼͦ
Ȼ§ס棬֪֮ǰҪ飬ǾǰΧҰΧ£Ǹסӡ
ҰȻ۵ļȫӴΪûжѹԶļҲ̫˺
ʱĬ˫§סǳӣǵͺˮĻϢزļѹĬԽԽʢ˵Ҳͦ޶ȣʹڿ쵽Ϊصĵش
Ĭӵ£ҲůֻȴͣӵĺҲԽԽء
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뵽Խ̣иֻСãʱҪĳһ㣡
ĬҲоӵ飬ٵĺõֺ֤γѻ˾͵󷨰Լ뷨ˣһ䵽ֲҾԼҪǻռˣ޲硣
Ȼвͣؿ뷨ʮ֮ڣ뷨ͻðһΣΪˣҲһֱͦţ˵ܡ
Ҳʪڿ˰ɣȻ岻ãĬĶȻЩֱĬǼͦ⣬ȴϣĬܿ࡭



ڶʮĻ ҹ
ȻĬ֪ʪڿ˶涼кܴĺôȴЩԥҪмûǲ㱡ԼɾͳΪһˣȻһˣԼԺֲܶȫʵǲƽ
Ϊ˸һ·ҲΪԼ̫ܣĬջǾִڿ㣬µ£ڿò˶þͻɡ
ûʲôҪ˶þͻɡĬ룬ʵ㻹𣿡
̫ˡȻ˵ɣȻЩ£ȻĬůͣǱҰȴûнܣټϵҹ粻СȻмֱ䡣
ĬоĶ񱳣оһЩ룬˵棬㵽ɣ档ȻҰݶԼ˺ҪһЩΪԼѾҰѹúƽչˣӦܹܵģЩʹҲԱΪá
ãˡҲ֪ůһЩĬҲ˰ůĬ
ǵɡĬ˵ţҲԸԸ⣬ƿӣȻ󷭵Աߣ˵ȥɡ
Ǻðɡ治Ĭĺ⸶ֻ֮ɵĬǰɵĵطȻµҰ͸ĬѹƽˣЩУ漡ۣɵݵϵһ̣Ȼоʹˡ
Ϊ˲䣬Ĭԥطѹ档
һθѹϣؿڸоЩƣ˵βҲһĵʹ
Ĭæ˫ֳŵԴߣԼӵļѹû°ɡ
ûʲôᡣ
˿𣿡
Ǻۡʵϣ˿ڱȿʼʹ˲٣ʼϰʱƨΪľûжʹУůˣҪӵʹзǰǿҡ
ţһ̣ҾͰӵȡȻȥЩҩ˿ڡĬ֪ǹӦԽ紦ԽãҹͲȡӵҾȡӵҲûвҩ˵ˣҪůҪԼ¶ȣпز
ʲôûУʲôȡӵ
ذףʱذסĬ˶ٵֻϧûдȻǾͿȡůˡ
ǽӦô죿
ںܶѲ߶ӶǣҪ˼죬϶дֻĬ˵ȴǰ룬뺣߰ٹںʮͺѰʧȥ磬Ҫããҵǣڴ밡ҪڶʱڻȥǸͲܡ
Щģ⵺ûлԴûʳû豸ˣһпظðֵܼѲ߶ӵһ
˸ĸСǣһܵҵİΣֻϧڸ޷ϵȴǲǱƽˡ
ϴβøĸһʧȥӵʹ࣬ڿҪǸˣãһҵԼУҲұһ˿ϣġ
Ľѩ¶¶Ǽҳʱ䲻ȥҲ϶Ϊҵĵġ
ҪҲأǲҪһӡ˵⻰ʱ򣬲ûг෴Щڴ飬ҪûдֻҵԼܺԼİԶˣһĬԼĹذ
Ȼֻһ뷨֪ԼĸĸԼƽȥĬҲĻع飬ԼȻԸ⵺ϺĬԼȴĸǶˡ
Ĭ˼а̾濴ذˣж»¶¶Ҳ֪һȥ֮Ӧô
ˣӦ˼úõػȥص½ڻȥ֮鷢չǾʱȥɡ
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ţԸɡΣʵֻû취ǽô
Զʱ򲻾ľȡһԡĬȻľȡûжٰգȴǸ;
û뵽ǾȻһľȡĵزȤ澹ȻЦͰѰܵʹ׵Ժ󣬺ԼİܵķʽһֻоҸ
ĬЦҲ˿ֻҪãԽģټԼҰı죬⵺ҲӦòһѵ顣
£ĵľЩһԼûҪһˣԼֵýһ顣
ƨЩˣܻܲƣӰɡ
ĬҲİ泤ѹ£æ෭ܹ˲֮һȡ
šĬ֪ĴѪҺЩͨæȥĴ
Ҳɡ˵ţҲȥĬĴȡһʱ򣬾Ȼ˳Ĭͦĵطһ£лЦӲء
ĬЩЦãѾͷھȻ֪ˣȻط
ͻȻЦݣĬһᣬСʵңڵ׻ң
ҡĬֹĺʵ棬ǾڲǸʱ򰡣ҪΪӰ飬ǾԲкԼһȥģʱԼŬҲһܹͦѹء˵ȶ֮Ÿࡣ
ֻǣ⣬ҪԼش𣬷ɣǺͷ񶨵ĴһЧԼӦôشأ
ΣĬŵʵһֱϲ㡣⻰ΥĵĻôɰŮĸ˼˲ϲأοԼܡ
⻹ࡣʱҸ֮Уûȥ⡰ϲ֮͡ĲһҲͻȻ˹Ĭ촽һ
ĬûзӦô£͸о˫֮һĶĶ
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ȻѾǵһνˣǵһǵʱֻ촽촽ഥһΣȴͷͷ࣬ܺ嶼ͬն
Ĭ΢͵ΪͷٴȼҲ⼤ٴμӿ
ĳǣȻԼ׸ĬģԼǲΪģĬŮˣܹðΣհԼȳھȳ֮ʹΪԼȡů⣬Ҳȫ㹻Լĳˡ
˺һᣬطֿ˫ǽǲһֱҪȹ
ĬӦ·ûɣֻôȹˡ
ǺܺðҾͲúˡ˶٣ֵ˵⵺ϻ᲻Ұޣ
Ӧòаɣ⵺Ұ޸ûʳĬһתһСӦûеġ
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ĬһЦһģɵĴ𰸣Ҷ˵õѰľ͵ҵľ
һᣬ˵ôûмѣ
ĬбҪԼԺĽһ̵棬ʱҲ׽࣬ǵΪֵܱɱˣȻ󱻹صȥˡ˵²ԼһȻ뵽ֵĲ뵽Ƕʱ丸ĸСܵʹࡣ
صȥˡЩȵ̶ꣿ
̡
ԲˡЩε
ĬæЦЦûʲôⲻ㡣
ֳĬһᣬЩ˵Щˣ˯һ˯
˯˯˺ܴġĬæǴ·˯ɡ
ŶǺðɣҽ¡



ڶʮ Ұ
رϣĬһֱں죬°ҹʱ˶Щðˣǲͣش磬Ȼǰĺˡ
ԽԽ˻ƵĬϧޣ§壬棬˵ˡ
šӦһȻĬĲ棬һֻС
ȻĬһֱڸ˵Ż滹Ϊ̫С˯һᣬĬ֪ܣҲûֻǰøˣΪЩܺԼӽӴĵطܺ䣬ͣ˫ְţԸů
ɫĬҡ棬棬һᣬȥ취𡣡
ֻǴڰ˯״̬Ĭһҡ˹ضһȻɿ˱Ĭ˫֡
Ѿ㱧ĳĿĬ׼ڵûʲô⣬ȴǵһκˣڿĬԼԼغҲһҿĬһۡ
ĬʶɬæȥڿûСӵվȴ鲻Խһۣǰ͹µģļ޵ԸкĬһ궯
Ĭϵ飬˼뼡ӴĿУ齻ܡ
ߵԱߵСϣСڿ㣬ȻһЩʪǾˮֻǸҹ紵ˣӦûһıůãԱߵ·ӣкܴʪʱӦòܴ
ĬСڿõϸˣϰɡڿʱ򣬹תһߣΡ
ǰ죬ҲкܴɬУæӹڿϣֻȴΪֹѪ˺ˣϰȻ㡣
ҿɣ㻹ݴɣȥѡһ·ǵݶϣůһЩĬ˵ţֹȥѡ˼ɾһ·Ȼ˲ݴ֮ϡ
·֮иɲݵһݴԾ͸͸ˣֲʪ·ֱӽӴܹЧů͡
ˣһᣬҪ˯ȥΧˮԴͲݡ
ţ㡭Զ¡Ȼǰ죬ϾһİĹµֺڻĵطţѾЩ¡
õģҾڸʲô飬ֱӽҾˡĬ˵ţԱȥˡ
һïľСһƽ๫мʮ׵Сɽ𣬵ϲвٿʳõĹʱɼҰһСĬһϲʳǿԽˡ
ȻϺƨɶӵӵֻ˺̫жҲѡ
Ѿ＾ڣкܶľɿˣøĬṩ˸ȼϣ˽һСʱʱ䣬ռ˲Ұݺ֦
֮⣬ĬɽһʯڴҵһȪĬǽþסأеˮԴпʯڷ絲꣬Щȼ϶ᵽʯڵԱߡ
ĬǰҰѵʱ򣬾ѧϰľȡ֪ʶľȡҪҪװʵĬѡһɿɣΨһĵӽľһƽȻԵVεС֮ۡһľͷ״·һȼĿҶ
ʮӣС۵Χ˿ʼðˣĬҶѾ˻ǣæһ߼궯ţһߵͷᴵ
ֹ˼ӣҰȼĬæתʯԱһػ档
صڵĵطܣæ棬ô
СҺܡȿȿȡˮ
ǱȪˮھ͹ȥɡĬԲͣæĶͷЩ̣ǷˣæοЩգһҵðա˵ţһѱȻеǱʯȥˡ
ŵϺĬæǵȪԱߣˮȻСûжװˮ˼һᣬѡԼ͡
ڽһȪˮ󣬻صߣȻԼͷŵ档
ڷǳˮԴкܴ󣬶ͲĬ͸ԼιˮǺȻͽĬеˮ
Ȼ촽ѾǹˣڼʹˣҲ̫Σο⻹Ϊ档
ĬĶͷĺ̰ǵȥŪʪա˵ţùԼһ£˺һ飬ȥԱߵȪˮȾʪ󣬻صߡ
֮ĬָһЩݣȻڻԱߴһľܣЩʪ·ŵ濾
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ˣȡˡĬӵȡȻ׼õļ̺·ϸߣ˿ڷ˼룬ŰѲҩ档
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ÿӺĬҶ˿ĺˮ˵ںˣҪ˼ܿġ
Ȼϻмʹı飬ɫȴǳģ֪ҲصˣӵȡɡȿȡҪҰæɡ
ãҴϵӵܹԼȡβϵӵҪæȡ
Щǵǰûȡ֪ܲС
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ʮӺĬϵӵͱȡ˳Ȼо˿ڴʹʹվ˵Ҳ˰ɣȥҵʳ
Ҳæͱȥʳ˰ɣ˵ĬѾ˰ˣʵڲˡ
УڶԱҪಹӪ⵺ӦкܶʳģľˡĬ˵ţǱȥˡ
ĬԶȥıӰһж鲻ԽشСԺôңⱲӾǸˡ
һСʱĬŻص˻ԣߵߣͻζеļҰһֻҰã棬Ҵʲôˡ
㻹ҰôץģҸɫʡ
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ѾȥҰãоЩ֮ģôӣúúõģΪǵĵôһ³ȿȡ
ĬҲԼЩ̣Ϊ棬Ȿûа취飬ЦЦοҲûа취飬ֻҪ⣬Ҫɱ
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һĬҰ۾ֲЩʪǰȻûо˼֪ôģоۣԼһֱȥԼҲԻĸԸ
һСʱĬҰ⿾ˣ˺һȸ棬棬һҵա
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ѹôóԡҧһڣЦСԺҪ㿾Ұ⡣
ղŻͬСҰأھҪ˼ĬЦ
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ȹ念ˣȥץԡĬЦ
Ǻð˷ܵ㿾ҰõôãļҲһܺá



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궫֮ĬϢһᣬҪ׼ȥһСľ񣬲ȴǲˣȥŪˣϢϢɡ
ûʲô˲µġĬ˵䣬ҪĻǾҪ˰˵ˣֱ˯ҲãǴһȽϺá
ԵҪҲٴڱúϢϢȿȡ
ĬЩɲǡ
ҪˡĬĻҾͲס
Ĭ֪ϲʹӣȻϣԼۣǾ˵ɣԼʵЩˣǵͷǺðɣҽ첻ȥŪ㣬ڿûУ
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Ĭղųȥʱ򣬾ҵŰŽҶӣڲҪԼͽˮˣѰŽҶ۳һԲ׶ΣȥӹС׶ˮ͵ߣһȡ
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ĬܵʵΪʲôа룬ǲһطˮôвأ
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СѾͷȻˡĬҲιˮȻѰŽҶŵԱߣĶͷͷѾûǰôˣŰһʪȥʪˮصߡ
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Σǳӵҿһ˰Ҫûһ㷴ӦӦȥҽԺˡĬȻ룬ǿȴ֪ôֻͣõȻô룬Ҳûа취
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ȥŪ֦ͰŽҶסʯµ棬ȴԸۣ˵ڵ״ѾܲˣЩƳٵԺȥŪ



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Ĭȴ˼§˯ˣΪʹ§棬ҲٸоˡȻΪ˸İȫУ˯ߣһһֱǣ֣ԱʾԼĴڡ
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ЦĬʵ޷ǸҪԼΪԼ򷢼СԼԶԴСϵһ飬а̾˶ڱģرһԼϲϵ֮󣬱仯͸ˣڵʹӵĴСһСᡣ
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˿ڣҲܰˮУȴֻòʪӣȻϴ̫ɾĺܹϴġ
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Ϊ˲ԼȼĬæĿƿݹӰɡ
˸Ųһز漴䰡СҲɣԼ²֡ڸͲɻĬףοԼȷʵ㡣
ҸĬĿһۣε˫۳Ҳ΢΢ţﻹľܾǺðɣҰ㣬ҲҲһ䡣˵ţͽӹ˲˳Ʋز
䡭Ͳͣš
Ĭ𲼽ѯʵĿͶ棺ҿǱϴˣָð
Ҫϴûϴˡֵ㲻ҳΪһŮɣ
ֻǣ⺣ˮʵЩĬΣ˵ɣȰ·а취ϴˮˡ
ûйˮôϴˮ裿治
ȴ·ұ֤а취Ĭ˵ţеĲ洩·
˵ôϴˮ𣿡һߴ·һ߻Žɵʡ
Ȼȥ˵һȥ֪ˡ洩·Ĭͱ棬Ȼʯȥˡ
ŵݴϺĬʯ±ѰԼҪĵΣѡʯԱ״һʯ£ѡطõӿһôĿӣȻȥЩʯͰŽҶѿӵ·̵һ㣬ˮǡ
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Ȼ֪ĬҪʲôǼæСʱǷǳʹʱæӲͷϵĺˮ㻨ôྫŪӳʲô
ĬЦŽ͵ҰΧСҪĻΧˮͻۼ棬ʱڿ¼ȣˮͱˮ
һ󼤶СôãΪ˸ԼŪϴõˮ˫䱥ˮֽסĬ֣Ҫ˵˵ڡ
ˣɵѾͷʲôءĬЦЦҪٴθðˣҵġ
ΪЦԭǺ¸鷳ôİһΪأô˵ȴ̵ģô֪Ĭ룬ʵǿӻ©ˮ𣿡
϶ᣬʯͰŽҶģ㿪ʼ©һ㣬Ҳֹͣ©ġ
ȻǿˮҪˮȣǿ»ЩѶȰɡֵ
ʱ϶ȣҪϰ죬ѵȰĬЦЦˣȱˣ֮˵ҳȥץҰá
ţСһЩĬȥıӰҸۿֲɵЩʪ
ϣȻ˴꣬Ϊʯº֦ǽڵڵ˵СûܵˮİϮ
Ҫ£ȻԱвȼգĬԸܵ䶳ٴ§˯һϡ
ڶһ磬Ȼ˴ˮĬǳ˷ܣæȥˮӵٴһ£ȷ©ˮ֮ȻߵĲתһЩˮӵĲ·ûһֱʢȼա
յ磬ˮůˣĳˮҲԵúǳ壬ĬˮӵԱһЩҰݣ汧ٴѵ·ӣˮĨӡ
Աлѵĺ濾ˮһҲоˣĬר־ԼĨӵĶһ󲨶СΪϴˮǻʱ䰡ѵҵĳڶôõ
ˣԼɡĬλöɾֻ֮ʣ岿λ
Ҳ˼ĬԼϴλãֻýӹԸϴ



ڶʮ˻ط 
磬ĬʯĿյϵ龰ͻȻǱ߳һ׵㣬ƾԼľԼǾʲôһĶһҴ
Ĭпϲæصʯ£Ҷװ֦ǽڵе棬ҷдˣܹȥˡ˵ܵǰһȼյľ档
д˰ǵûбֳϲãЩʧĻĬܼ졣
ǵģȥŻ𡣡Ĭյأȼһ׼õĲݣݺܿȼܵĻֱ׸ߣĬְԱߵһЩҶǵ棬ϷʱһŨỤ̃һĢһ㣬˱ɫա
Ĭƽ棬ǰ׵ԽԽ󣬲ܿһҴӴֻʻķλ⵺Ϻж
ĬиǻϲŻܵɽߴȼһѲݡ
صʯ£ڲݴϷæ棬Ǵǵģȥӭǰɡ
ŶЩ˸еסôãͻȻҪ뿪ˣЩ᲻á˵ͬʱظǲݴ֦ǽڣǹڸԼİĹŶһ㡣
ĬµĵεΣֿ˿仨ԼྫγɵĲݣҲǼ̾⼸Ȼüۣ࣬ܰҪˣǿҲҪԶ뿪ˡ
ˣһûУеĻǸռˡĬ˵ţ͹׵ǰ
Ȼڵ˿Ѿ˺ܶ࣬⼸ĬԼѾϰߣҲûԥſĬļͷϡ
ߵʱǴֻֽһһҰɫľѲ߽ʱܹͷϵӰˡ
Ĭ棬棬ϵ·ǷۺɫģӶԵĿ
Ĭӹۺº󣬲ͣضѲ߽ţѲ߽ϵҲȻ˵ϵŨ̺Ĭ·ͧ˵
ʮӺѲ߽ˣͧϵȷݺ󣬶Ե쳣˷ܡ
ǳʮѲ߽ǧСҵˡ˷ܵ
ĬҲ֪һС࣬ҪһССѰң·ĵҵ⺣ٹĵطѾǲˣæлˣҪǣϱ߼ܿˡ
֪ĬǰȫֵĳԱ˵ҲǿӦģ㲻úҿ棬ֵС˰ɣϴȥưɡ
ûʲôЩ˵û
΢΢һæӦСҪ𣿡
ҪҪæ⼸ĵطҲûȥһ֪ǿɲ԰һ¡
ȻˡתԱһԱȥȡȻֶС㣬ϴɣͬСȥˡ
ãҺһȥѿĿͶĬСһȥռ࣬òã
Ĭ֪ʱ˵ʵ̫̣ھҪ뿪ˣȥռҲӦõ飬æͷȻˣھ͹ȥɡ˵ţֱǱȥˡ
ʯ´˺ܶƬҪ£˻һӵƬ滹ոܵƬģǱϾİˣһŮңҲ˼ֵ̫ˡ
뿪ʱ滹ĬʱòҶƵ棬˵ûȥΪ
Ҳ֪Ժлٵ档ſĬıϣԴʱʱػͷ̽г
ĬЦԺҲ氡
Ҳ뷨ءͷĬļͷϣϲʱҪһ
ĬҲû룬߻شȻҪһһأ
һۣ㲻ҾͺãҾܺԶһˡ
صͧϺĬ´һ˿ڣȻɵһϢ˵
ˮʱ˶ͨѶϵšĬϵ˼ʱǱ߶ʱ˼С㣬嶼ðɡ
ǳáĬûк˼˵ˣҲԵ÷ǳļѾڻ·ˣҪһʱܻص
Ǿͺá˼ʵС㣬㵽ôȳģ⼸ôģҽɡ
ĬԼ˼ûʲôģǰ⼸ʵ˼ȻȡůϸʡԲ̸Ҫչ˵˼ĸܡ
˼ĬļͲµʱ﷢̬ȻЩ⣬ȴûбֳʵڵ״ðɡ
Һڻ㲻Ĭں˼һӺֽѵ绰˸ĸĸСñƽ֮ϵ¶
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С¶ոսгһһˣһΪҲҲˡ
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ҺܺãϾܻˡĬҲ¶ʱܵĽһϧ¶¶⼸㵣ˡ
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ⱲӾ̼ˡʱɫǰˣ˵Ҳ˾
ǰҲǵһξ飬ĿǻһӡĬȻǰҲܶΣմ̼飬޵̣ûо
ҲŲҪֻ˻أҪϰĸо潿
Ĭһ㶣ʵ㻹Ŀడ
Ŀ࣬ܵһ𡣡µ˵ֻҪԺʱߣȫȫضҺãҾʱϰָо
ӣĬһסˣϾͻ½ˣĲ֪ԺôԴ棬֪ô˼顣
Ĭɫأ֪뵽ڵĴǵ֪㲻Ը뿪˼ҲóϲģҲҪǷֿġ
Ĭа룬˼ǰ˼¶¶ֻǣȹĸһذʱܹ˵ˣڽٺϲУȻ벻Щַգַȴʱӿֳʱܹ𣿾¶¶˵ɣǰ¶¶Ҳ˼һҺ𣬵ǺȴΪѹòѡ治֪᲻Ჽ󳾡
ĬĬɵ΢ЦŬСǲڵ˵ҪһӺõģһء
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ʵε飬滹ܹĬһǣε鴥ʵ̫ˣĬðűЩ˴ѵΣհԼ˳һǹϵĬΪԼܺʹ֪˶ίΪԼϴһˮ裬졭
ңĬڶϲԼģһˣôܲᶨԼأ
סĬֻ˵˶̶̵֣ʵڲ֪ôӦҸ̫ĳŵΪѾĳŵСˣˣ棬ЩԺ˵ɣӦþá
濴ĬѴѾѧվĬĽǶȥ˼⣬ҪԼ˵һĻֻĬѹǺðɣȻȥ˵
ϰ˵Ѳ߽ڽ˶ۿڣƬƻԻ͵磬Ĭ涼ЩϾҪԼ˺ˣϾҪصԼϤĵطˣʵԱ
һܶʱ䲢㳤˿ʱﾭ˶ֻعļԵرԣȴǱֳһ֮ٻصĸоҪǿҡ
ͧۿڻаٶ׵ľ룬ܿǱһȺòɫţĽѩáõ˵ĺ
ôӭԼˣĬһ̾Һǣô˵İǼ˹Ȼǻôİ
ԵЩֽĬ֣Сǵˣ㿴ǱߣҰ趼أ¶¶
Ĭ̾ţˣǵڿԻصǰˡ
Ųء˱죬ҪǰҲ䲻ȵģĲ㡣
Ĭ㶣˼΢΢һЦȴûлش𡣱ɿֵģûУ빲ػǣһ
ͧڿˣһϰ˾ͱ˰Χм䣬гĬĸ游ĸ˼¶áĽѩĸŮ³ɡ֮⣬¶ĸĸ־Ҳˡ
С㡭˼Ե÷ǳһ˵ĬĻУ鲻Խ
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¶ҪڵһʱӭĬģ֪ԼĬֻѰˣǺǱߵ汧һ޳һţ
Ĭںĸס˼׽һᣬֹȥĽѩ˵һỰ¶Աߡ
Сڻˡ¶ע⵽ĬĿæתɫ˲ذɡ
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ĬͷһûϲԼǣֵģĸ׳ƣƽҲúƯһ׺ɫȹչֵ÷ǳͷϴһ߹ɫñӣǱԵǶһȦϸƬڸۿڲʵƵ£ҫ
ĬԳЦЦƽ㣬Ҳ˵ɿ¶ӣȻһѱϵĺã⼸ĻûУ
Һ⼸춼ڶءЩӣ磬Щ춼ȥˣǶ㣬ر裬Ϊأ
ĬĿ΢΢һְĿͶ˳ƣʱ˫ҲǱˮ֪⼸ҲûٵԼæƽ㣬㵣ˡ
ͺáƵҲЩ졣
ΧЩ˫ۣĬһθоԼҪԼĺܶ࣬ΪǣԼԺҲøϧԼ
һҲԼȥжȻԷֻǰΪʣ˭ܱ֤º󲻰ɱأԼҲˣ˵ԼζĲӮˡ
ͬʱлģһҪЩ˳ɾҪǣԼᾭνѰ



ڶʮŻ ¶
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Ĭ˻ûȫãͰ¥ϵԷΪ˵ĵط
ĬͬһˣտǵʵǶһ㣬һʵ̫ûк͸ĸԼĬ飬Ҳַֻܷס
ϳԷʱ˶֪Ȥ뿪Ĭ䣬ֻʣ˼˼Ĭ֣еڸоЩ𣿡
СҼˡĬ˶٣ʵ˼ôˣ
⼸춼ûϵοɭˣҸʱɡ˼⼸ȫ˼ڵȺĬĹﻹоȥοɭңϴλ飬Ͳһȥס
ţҲãȸ绰Ĭ˵ţù˼ĵ绰ͨǴεĵ绰롣
ܿ죬绰ͽͨˣ˵Ȼϴοʼӵ绰ӣԷĬĽ󣬺ܿͰѵ绰ӵοɭĵ绰ϡ
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ûʲôС˶ѡĬ֪⼸ʱûУʱĻǿԵһˡ
Ǻãҿʱһ˰ɡ
˵绰˼ʵС㣬óˣԺô죿
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Ĭһ漴Ӧ˵¶¶ˣ뵽ȴǸΣ¶¶УԼһɵģҪĳȥˣһеĺ͵һеԼĲˡ
Ӧǵġ˼ҴıƺѾ֪Լˣ֮ҪΪ˲֪顣
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ұ¶¶ֻҪ̬ȼᶨһ㣬϶ġֻ»ҪһһЩ
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ȻҲ֪ں˵Щ̣Ȱöˣ
Ĭ֪飬ĬȻ֪ˣҲˣϾĬǺӵĸףӦ֪ȨģԼƤһӣҲӦõġ
¶˶ĬȷǻˣͻȻЩϲãԼĺӰԼҪְˣ
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ҲǡǡҰȴǰֹϵҡҲӰС̵Ĺϵ¶϶˵⻰
һжΪĬˮ顣
Ĭ˵ɣȴ쳣أԼ˼ŵҪָöʯָҪ¶¶ĸĸҪԼӭȢ¶¶ԼҲֻˣϾ¶¶ѾԼĹ⡣
˼ܵίǺȻ˵ȴ¶¶ԼҲ¶¶ܵίˡ
¶֣¸һ󼤶ȴøˣǺܼ򵥵ĴǶǰ˵ȴǿ飬ʵ벻Ĭ˼ӭȢԼ龰ĬȻô˵ˣǿ϶Ĵ㣬Լܲ
ǣСأ¶ʵԸѯ⣬ֲòʣȻĬ뷨Ǻ˼ģȻ˼ΪԼ룬ԼôܲΪأԼƻ˼Ҹĵߡ
ûʲôģܹ⡣Ĭ̾һֻԺҪһЩʱϣ⡣
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¶ĬĻȻͣⲻʹˮҸˮԼ˵ĻУظԼĶƤⲻһŮҪ
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ţԺҲҪúöܵ˺¶ѾʹĲϣԼýٳһΡ
Ĭа̾¶¶ҲǸŮܵõôŮ˰طĹҸˣ
ͻȻǴκĽѩ˵ĻҪԼԺȥһ˵СȻЩŮӵȥǸһôõ顣
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Եúǻ֣磬ЩʲôôŹص
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ߣҿ̸˵ɣﶼôݵġЩȺǸ̸˵̸ֺ˵ǲԵġ
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ظ۶ͳżŵĹɶչɺŵˣܵɺ󻹻ᵽԭʱҲȥɣһһۣ˳һ¶ԸҾ˾˵顣
˵ĬʼԸϹڣΪΪΪԼҪԸˣȻѱ汻ЮֵٴηҪԸϹڣǺϹֱֱЧİ취ԼȫбҪúġ뵽ǺãҵʱᵽǱġ
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΢΢ЦЦûٶʣԿЦ˵̫ˣǲŶء
磬˺ˣ㻹ȥҵ𣿡òʵ
ڳƵѾòˣĬԼкܶҪȻûоȥüˣõԴЩεǳæʱܱˣԺпˣٹãòã
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ĬҲ֪ôͺý⣬ֻаĿͶƣƽ㣬ȷʵȽæȷʵܳʱˣϣ⡣
֪ɫЩ˸е㻹߽ǼŮأԺпˣǾʱҺðɡ˵Ȼм
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㲻Ҫѹ˾С̴ﻹҪò
źõЩĬҲЩΣԼȻɰСŮԼûзôྫȥչǣסõС֣ãģᾭǵģ㲻ѧˣҲԵ氡
ڶ죬ƾʹź뿪СҲһģҪɺŵ飬ҲҪѧһֱߡ
ȻĬƲأΪԼ御ָĬһֱڴϣϵģΪʱ̶ĸס˼¶飬ʱ䷴ùúܿ졣
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ĬûоģֻͨĽѩĵ绰
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Ľѩ㣬˵ʲôءĬ֪ĽѩЩίʵڲ֪ôοֻתƻĽѩ㣬Ҫˣ׼ô
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ĬҲ˵㻰ں¶ǷˣҪʲôĻأһнڲаɡ
ˣ¶ƺǰʱƣָֻǰĿԸ񣬡ǻưɡ
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С̣ЩȥŪˣòԼ鷳ġ
˼һ߰ŵԱߣһЦûʲôҲģҶȵɡ
ŮǢ龰ĬһҸĸоҪܹԶߣҶ˺׽໥ǸǶôõ飡



ڶʮһ С̵ľ˾
ڶ磬Ĭõ˽һĻָ˿ߵʱҲжʹˡҪοɭҺ֮ͻصԼ
ʮһʱοɭĬļУһǰģǿ׳ıڡ
壬ǲÿĬûȫԲûԳȥӭοɭǣøסСȥСſӭӵġ
οɭɳϺĬŴԴʮ߰ӣĲߣЩԲһͰ׵ӡԱߵڶԵúǾɣıȽϸߴһȻС˫Ŀ磬޾̽ΧĶȻһ
Ȳ裡˼οɭ˸Եһ裬ȻĬԱߣЦӯӯ˾ˣϴθͨ绰ĬǰˣжЩ㡣
⡣οɭеСô˵İ
ĬʵӦѱ˰ˣΪ˾˵ġ
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˼ɫȴԵЩ˸УֻȴˣҪܹĳ棬Ǹöá
˼赽ôġοɭҲ˱ʹ
˼ĿͶطĸף˵ʱҲ꣬ҽ֪㣬Ҿ˾˵һ˵ɡ
Ĭĸװ˼ĸ׵ȥ˵һ飬ĩ˻Ҳûֻ˵ɷţԲһŮġ
οɭҲ̾һҽܵĿǲ٣ֵҲʵǡ˵ͻȻֹͣסˡ
ĬѾµ˵˼ĸ׳Ϊ⹫вСìܣԲûжοɭĻɻ󣬡壬ҺС̶֪Ϊʲô뿪μҵġ
οɭɫԵЩΪѣĬ˺һᣬŵҿɣǳʱȥ˼⹫˼⹫׿ڸġʵڲ֪òð߸˼һ˵ѾȨԼףҲĬڻԼ
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ϵ̥ǿԿ˼ȴûˣϴ׵ʱѾ׵˸ˡ
ĬҲϴ׵ܵİɣȻûаɱС̣ȴˣҲΪܵһֱ϶СѾɱԭ򡣡
Ȱѱ̥ǸҿɡοɭѾŷ˼ԼŮˣپ̥ǵȷϣܹȫȷˡ
Ȼ˼Ը¶ڿףҲòżɻʲôοɭԱƣοɭȻ˱ϵ·
οɭԱߵλڼ˼·Ծذת˹ȥԱʾ˼ء
οɭϸһ˼ϵ̥ǣͷţСʱ򿴵Ĳ࣬˼ȷʵμҵŮ
˼ϵ·ʵ˾ˣСȫˣǻȥһ̨ġȻҲԼȫŪȻİȥԼ⹫ҲҪĬһͬаȫеġ
ǺðɡοɭǻǾȥ̽ɣڵĲأֲܼ˶ʱˡ
⹫׵õʲô
οɭЩӱãǰͻȻѪ󣬺ܶಢ֢ͱֳǶֲϡ
ţһᾡȥ̽ġ˼ȻԼ⹫ĳֲǱϾԼˣǰҪԼһ棬ԼŮӦԸ
壬ܲܰμҵϸһ飬ǶЩ黹ЩãϾϴС̾ͲΪ׵鶪Ĭڵ
οɭҲܹĬĴǿϹһεģڶҲȻ飬ûӦĬĻǰɻͶĬĸס
Ĭοɭ˼æɳվ˼ЦЦһǽȥɡ
˼æǶ׵ˣʲô˵ģ˾òżɻʲô
οɭ˼˵ԼЩ˼æءǲýݣɡ
Ȼ˼Ҷô˵ˣĬҲ˼뿪ٴɳϡ
οɭ輸ϵĲ豭һڣ˵μұǴ½һ壬ʮΪ½սҶתƵ̨
μڵļҰְ֣˼⹫ԭҰܹйӣһӱ˼ţҲҵ裬˼ʱͳˣ£Ұ־ͰҺȢţҽǳŭӴ˺ҰֵĹϵԶˣҺǴﵽˮݵĵز
ҰֺͺҲһһŮӽο֣Ů񽿣οֽʮ꣬񽿲ʮ꣬úҵĹϵһֱܶӣΪŲָ飬Һοɭ˵תȻϴɱǵĻʹΪ
ΪʲôҪô˼ɫң˫ĿԹҺǴδı棬ִûҪʲôףǺαҪ˷Ѿ˼ذҳɱء˵Խ߿ԵЩߵǺĹϵãҲòתƵϰɣô˵ҲѪԵϵˣõŰô𣿡
ĬȻͲµοְɱ˼Ŀģûпڽ⣬Ϊһʵ˽ˣȻӦشֻǰ˹ס˼֣Աο
ĸԭΪҶǵѰңǺ׶Ӱ쵽˲Ʋ̳е⣬ǲ뵽˰ɱοɭЩε鶼ǣǿʼʹĵѰ㣬Ҳҵ㣬ҲͲᷢˡ
ĬаѰ˼˼ľ˾˺⹫ǰûдѰ˼Ӧڹ˼μҵɣοɭԸ¶˼׵˼׾ԲһﰡӦúμвСìܡ
ĬͻȻϹС̺ϹγмƣСʱϹεıҲЩ쳣ѵСĺϹѪԵϵ
ƶϷǳΪֻ˼ĸ׵Ż⹫ìܳ׼ʱ򣬲ûа˼ͻμȥҲûиҰκι˼׵顣
޷ǾǲƲˣҸûҪõʲô˼̾ʵΪеֵȻĵá˵ŸоԼĻЩԣæǸ˾ˣ֪ǴĶҺõģֻҶС˵ʵ̫ˡ
ȷʵѾɥʧԡοɭƽ̬޵ķŭΪ˼̳е飬밵ɱңк⹫뷨
ˣ⹫ز뿪̨壬ǻ᲻Ļ⹫֡˼ǵ
Ӧòң֮ǰѾ˺ܶˣҪˣҾһǮŲҲòοɭ˶٣ֵ˼ʵ⹫Եĸ׵ΣھϲһĸŮܻȥͬȿ֮һֲƲ㡣
Ҷⷽ沢ûʲôҪ󡣡˼ȻǮʲôã赱ҲǺǧ𣬿ǽȴҡ
Ȼ˼ĶǮƲΪȻںǮǮ٣ЩǮٿԸС㰲ŰԼĸ׵⹫ЩĻҲмֶ档
ô˵ǮܱûǮáοɭĽ˵ˣ㲻ȥӦõõǷŲŲǻᱻС˺ߴģһͱǿ̫ˣʱҸͶǣӦеŲǵͲ٣ʱǵӮ͸һЩˡ
Ȼ˼뵽Ʋ̳УǻӰοɭ˵ļ̳еģ˼ԼŮҪ˼ֵܶһݲƲҲ͵ԼǿˣʱԸԼĵǵҲࡣ
ĬҲοɭĴ㣬οɭ޿ɷ飬ҲΪ˼룬ֻȴǸ̾ڲĶԶԶ֮ĶҰϹˣϼҲˡ
Ӧô˼ԵЩãϾûоļ
С뺦㣬ҲԹɣǷݲƲӦþҪֵġοɭʵ취Ҳ򵥣ֻҪ⹫󣬶׽һЩټҵȰοȻָŲ
ҲΪҪֵŲðɣƭ˼ЩΪѵ
Ӧòʲô⡣ĬڵС̱Ǹĵˣڼ⹫󣬿϶׽ģľǡ
οɭ˵ͷǾͺá
ˣҳ˷˵ɡʱĬĸѾѷ˶ˣҪԷ
Էʱ˼ʵ˾ˣһ֪һأܲܰһҲ˵˵
οɭ̾һμһ˥˰Ϊ⣬һӶûУСȻһһŮǶŮһԣɣӻʱԸ񣬲Ҳö١
Ĭһ˿ѹοɭѾ˼Ѱ˼ȥ̳вƲԭûĺ˰Ҳ϶˼ԼŮ뵽οɭĶ˼ãĬҲмæһƣƱ壬Ҿһ
ţСҲлʱ˼չˡοɭ׾һں£΢΢ЦЦ˼ҿСĹϵͬѰӦҵδŮɡ
˼һЦֻ˰ˡ˵ͬʱȴһ⣬ʵҲͷ˵ǵģ뵽Ĭ¶ڵ״ȴֲܳԼĬĹϵȻʱĬĺ¶ˣԼô˾˽أ
šοɭȻŮĬʲôϵĬȴкøУô˵СҵľˣҲһ˼ĽͽҲлЩ˼չˡ
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Ȼû⣬ϲύѵġ
ǾͺãһġοɭЦһѶһ·𣬸οм仹һϵ
극̸һᣬһµļȥˡ
֪ϼοɭܿϼļҲǳӣкοɭڴɳæԸӶȥ˲赹ˮԵ÷ǳ顣
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Ļ⣬ȴ˼桢¶˸ϵǳζ˼ΪϵԼμҵǼˣ¶Ա߼һᣬջ¥ȥԼĵȥˡ



ڶʮ ᶨ
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СҪ㣬Һư̿ļˡһм
Ĭæ壬òźҿģӦġ
ҲĬ˵̫Ļ΢΢ͷҲֻ㱣ߣҲŶİȫˡ
ĬƺԤеҪ˵ʲôҲõƣֻ˵Ժᾡߵġ
ƺĳֿԣһ֧һȼһڣСô
ǸŮĬ˵ҲôģȻʱһЩСӣǾǸɰŮ
ҵ˼˵ĸоô
Ĭµ˼˺һᣬŵ壬ʵǺϲģѾŮˣҺ¶¶ĹϵҲӣҿĺѸҸ
¶¶ĺӣ
Ĭ鲻Ӧ£ϾΪԼŮҸ㣬ǲÿɷص˵ͷ
һ̣ƺ޵ǳǾ˵ˣǲһ齹ǵģϵŮҸôܲģãŵ׼ô죿
ĬЩûش⣬ܸܲ£Ů˰ɣĻشԻ±ԼҪشϾԼֺݲ˼ãŵҲûע⣬ʵҺȥѰԼҸھʱΪ˹ִӦҪչһӡ
ʵŵ𣿡
ҵȻϣʵˡĬΪѵֻҲ˼¶¶
һ̣е̵ϨʵСҿСʶðôôĸ飿
ǴС÷һҪȢĬ;Լݸˣȫȸף˵ˣ»ΪԼܵġ
˼һᣬĥڵĸɵĸ
Ĭ˵ͷǵģҾǵӡ
ĬѾò˰ɡ
ұǵģĬεĿͶ£壬ϣ㱣ܣ֪Ѿȥˡ
Ϊ˱ңȻһˣ治֪ôл㡣룬ֵڴôŮѺ¶¶顣
¶¶ѾҵĺӣԸֻܺ顣
ţһӦóеΡ̾һԵ޷ˡ
Ĭ˶죬Ҫ˵ʲôջû˵ڡ
ɣú̸һ̸ܵ˺СһЩҺҲúȰֵ
ðɣһ͹ȥ̸һ̸ĬȻ֪ú̸ЩʲôӦȰԼݱôǾͲԼܹҵˡ
ҲġǸЦЦСҲϣӰ֮Ĺϵҵľ֮ҲԻμġ
ס
ˣϴ˵ϹҪҺ⵽ô£
ѾϹͨ绰ˣѾϹڳ׶ˣϣĳЩطܵõİ
Ϲҵļ£ҿºѰæġ
ĬϹǰǺŵףҲӦýϹҵҴһҾûбҪϹκ
˼ãͷţԿǿǣ´Ϲٺ飬ֱϵҡ
˼ôʡ
׼ȥ̨һˣ⹫֮پôɡ
ţҪҰæģܿھˡ
ĬæȻҿ϶ġ
̸һһɣȥǵ̸̸˵ţ˷䡣
ߺĬϵ̣ȼףµ˼ҪԼܾ棬Ǿô֮ԼﻹӲĳܾأҪǲܾԼָôĸ
һᣬ˹ߵſЦһ£ȻѷϣŹĬԱߵɳϣСҰ˵˵ʲôءĬһƵӣæʵôˣҰ˵㲻˵Ļ
ĬĿ䵽ϣ˫˫ۣĬʵЩ̣ã˵棬㲻һֱ֪Ϊʲôѡ˼Ůھ͸㡣
ѾãĬô˵£˵Ϊʲôϲ
棬˵ָ÷𣿡
Ȼ˵ˣﲻǾ𡣡΢΢Щɻ󣬡Сʲôϵ
Һ˼÷
㿪ʲôЦ΢΢һĬӣΪȻģһֱڳҿʶûм°ɡ
Ĭ̾棬ʵҺˣΪĳЩ飬һֱ㵽졣
Ц΢΢üʲôˣĬأоЩȻ֪ĬĴ𰸶ԼһǺãǿҵغĻʹʵֱ˵ɣҪȦˡ
ʵҲĬһˣ
㲻Ĭ˺һᣬŻôܲĬأĬһģһ˵ͬʱȴǰ˼֣Ĭ֢֮òǰһ⣬ĶһһѵԼĲĬ
ڵĿƼôòǿԸıġĬ
ʶ˵һ˻ױΪĬġıԵЩ㱾Ŀʲô
ѾΪˣԶܱǰˡĬ˵Ҳһ˸УĸԼòԼȴӣʵǵ֮
ŰһҪԼϲӣԼһʱỹ޷Ӧ
͵һæô˵ǱռǸͲдģдռǵĬѾȥˣ
Ĭÿɷص˵ͷ
ͻȻоԼܵƭеĵ̰˲ԭСӸͲϲҵĬһԽԽίʹ˫Ҳڲ֪رˮ૶ΪʲôҪƭңΪʲôҪƭң
棬ҲǹҪƭġĬæ͵ҲǵѰ
ߣǵѣԹһĬ֪֪ƭҵĸ飬ƭҰĸ飬ƭ˵ĸ顭˵Ȼش
ȫɵģǰĬԼˣڲŸոպһ֮󣬾ȻԼһѣ仹бɱ
Լ˶˰ֱ࣬ڻ֪ʵݣκһŮ˶еʹ
ίĬϧޣæ֣ο棬˵п԰
ҲҲĬ˫֣ƭҰ꣬黹ʲô˵ģ
ĬҲʱǿԼĽͣԸһֻȼƵ
沢ûȥȻǽҧ촽һԣ΢ȶһЩ뵽ҪĬĽͣһѶĬе̵٣˦ϣû˵⵽ô£ðĬǴʲôĿģ
ĬĻȻЩգܹʱ飬ԺĵػشҸ㽲°ɣ˾ҵĿˡĬһ˼·ȻԼ̡ΪȫعƤĬ潲һ顣
ģҳΪĬΪ˱ң֮Բ͸¶ԼݣһΪ֯ļҪ󣬶ҴӦĬˣҪԶĬװȥԱСԶӵôһ硣
ô˵ĬȫΪ˱ң
Ĭ΢΢˵ͷʱĴȷʵЩΣգ
СԲˡ˵һ˵ĬĻˮٴεˮίˮǱ˸мˮ
С֪һжΪҺá˵ҲãҸղŲӦûĿġʱҲ˱ĬĿģΪ˱ԼôܶðΣԼأ
ⲻ㣬ϾǡĬҲЩεұڵϾ͸ģֻǵʱͲȶӰơ
ô˵ҵģϲˣ֡ǰûжĬйøУĬ֮ıԼĬĿ𽥵ذ˵ϲǺĬͱǸĬһϵûУԼʹ֪ĬǼٵģİȻû˿ı䡣
ĬҲЩ鶯ͬʱȴЩǣȻںҺ˼¶¶ã跴԰
˺һᣬʲôæƿĬӣЦιһ֪أҡ
ҽط㡣
ѹ˼ǽС㣬ԭط㰡˼ΣüͷһչɵǲǾĸ
ǵġĬص˵ͷҲΪʲôһֱС̵Եʣ
²Щ⣬ΪĬֻΪĸڲϲ˼ģû뵽ǾȻôõĹȥʵЩʡ
ĬĬҲûв˵֪ҪһʱģڻԼȥйϵɡ
㣬㵽ϲûУ˫ĿԹĬðΣվңѵֻΪ񣿡
ȻϲˡĬƭ棬ƭԼָֻղź̸ҺúȰȰ㡣
Ȱ뿪㣿
ǵġĬЩε֪ڵ״Բϣ͵ˮ
Լ׵ͷ˼һᣬŬҲܣҪһӡ
ֻǡĬҪ˵ʲôȴ˻ڵ˵ҪһӺõģһ˹ģѵ뷴ڣ˶٣ֵ˵ˣ㶼Ӧ¶¶һˣңҲʲôġ
ҲҪչĸܡ
Ұ޷ϣҸ֣ҾֻкһŻҸ֣˵Ӧ˳˼ġ˶٣ֵҵȻҪǲܺһһˡ
棬Ҫѡһ𡣡
⻹˵ᶨҾһˡ
Ǻðɣǵʱúú̸һ̸ϣܹ⡣ȻĬ游ĸͻӦ飬ԼӦȥȡһ°ɣѹһе
⻹ࡣ濴ֻҪĬԸԼһʲôð죬ʱתЦСüûǹˣһ
⡭ĬʵЩΪѣҪԼǸĸˣǵʱô
ֺ˰ɣ˵ţһµĬĻסĬ촽
มĬûлͷһ鶯Ҳٹ˼ʲô˫§
˺һᣬŷֿͣˣԺýСС㣿
ȻСˡĬæ͵ʲô֪ǧС֪ˡ
ص˵ͷţұ֤¶ڵġ룬ʵ¶¶֪𣿡
֪ĸǰ͸ˡ
ƫģûиҡſɰС죬ôĬĺ󱳣һôأһʼƫˣԺôƽ
ĬЩίʱҺϵˣȻӦðʵȻ˺󣿡
ߣ㵱ʱΪʲôҷϵ˵⻰ʱ򣬲ŸоЩԣæЦһ£С˵ڵ㲻㷢ϵ
ΣǷϵĬ룬ȴǴǵʱҲûа취飬Ϊȡů
ߣ˵㻹ͦίݺݵصĬһۣҪǲΪȡůǲǸͲмǰ㱧Ұ
Ĭа룬ҿˣвϣŮģɲܰĻ˵ֻ˵ֻڳһʵˣʾί˵һ෴Ҳϲָо
֪ˡЦȻҲһ϶ͦš뵽ԼϺĬļףԼļͦ澹ȻЩĵҪܹһĳǸöô̼
СѾͷȻȡЦҡĬû죬ĻƵ궯ޱȣҲϲĸоСھͶʹ
ʹұ֤С涺
ĬѾͷˣѾͷȿŵ¶¶ԼԺǱռˣȻֻԼ˵³
Ц棬ǻǺúô˵ɡ
ȺһӣʱˣǾͻܵġ룬ֵСɣ˵Ѿ˹ϵһǾͻںҵĸˡ
ƭЩðɡ
ʲôĻԡΣֵҪ㲻ƭǣķϵˡ˵ЦЦĬҪҲѺӻϣʱǾû취˰
ΣעҲˣĬȻ֪취ʵڲֶαĸĸȰǻǱˣϾ㸸ĸҪںǵĸܵġ
ŶǺðɡͷǻȺúú̸̸ͣ취
ˣڵѾȫû˰ɡĬе
˿һ㲻ˣ˿ڴһ̺ۡ˵߲Ŀ㿴
ĬͰӿ˸飬Ҳüɻʲô˵ˣҲȷʵ鿴һµ˿ڵ״ǻڿ㣬鿴β˿
ȻβȻ˵Բѩףȡӵĵطȴһҵĵ̣β棬һӵµĺۼβ۴˼ۿۡ
Ĭѹѹ̺۵ĵط𣿡
һ㡣ЩɥƨɱˣҲ֪̺ʲôʱȫʧ
ûģȹʱȥ̺Һָ֤ܹǰǰװ۵Ч
Ϊͷװء
ˣѿɣСһ
˼࿴һ𡣡һһ˵㲻Ǿѿ࿴һ۰ɡ
Ĭ֪ѾͷӦΪղŵЩҲںǺԼ̧ܣֻǵһЦҪôΪҲûа취
һûСĬһᣬͻȻʲôȻ㲻ĬǰͲ͵ҵˣ
ȻǡĬһۣڹ˺þ˰ڲŸϴ塣
ҲܹҸ㱳ڹԼġ룬ʵǴѧУʱΪʲôҪ͵Ҫڿ㣿
ǴҸͲ֪ô¡Ĭһͷڿ¿棬·մ˰ɡ
ô°Щˣô˵ҵĸƷһҲȤˣ
ĬЩаЦŮҲǵģΪĬ͵µңΪԼʵˣŮӵ˼治ܹ͸ġΪһЩĬЦȻˣֻǰ˵ˡ
˺һᣬĬ˵ˣҲûȥˣҪ׼һȥ̨顣
һȥвС潿
Уȥ̸£ֲΡĬոտôܹ;
㻹ĸոտҿǻǹȥɣȫ
˼⹫ֲ˶ʱˣԽȥԽáĬ˲ϵۣ⼸ڼҲúע壬УҪ跢ִһжһ˵
Ǻðɡ΢΢ͷ



ڶʮ 
̸һ󣬻صң¶ʱڿأ˽ŬĻǲٰ
ôԴˣЦ¶ԱߣȻͷĬ˵Źϡ
ҲûԴء¶ղƺ޹ĿĬСǲ۸ˣ
ĸ۸Ĭź¶Աߣ¶ĶƤЦʵ¶¶ôûио㡣
Σĸأлߣ¶Ŀת棬棬ֽǹȥ̸ɣ̸ôˡ
Ұ϶Ҳ飬ȺǺһʱɣֻҪҼ֣Ҳ϶ɿڵġ
ֻӰĹϵһ¶ûصĬһۣ治֪Сʲôõģҿ㻹ԼѰҸɡ
¶ȻԿЦ˵ĻʵҲϣܹѰҸһΪĬİϾޣܹչôŮӰΪĸķҲȷʵǸ⣬˼Сһͥ⵹ǺýĸĸͷôԼŮˣΪҸϣ治Ҫ͵̷ˮ
ȻҪֺСãҲᷴԣϾҲ߹·֪ĸܣңҪĬˣȻҪʧһЩԼ˵İȴܹõõİ
ôиЩ˵¶¶ֻСãͲҺ˰
ѡ˺ܶʹ࣬ںý飬Ȼ¶¶ڳԼĴˣȻ֮飬лЩҺСʶʱ䲻ǶϣҲ٣㻹õĽãҪųң˵ȥ
棬Ҳ˼ֻΪһʱ嶯ڡ¶æ͵
ҲŲءᶨҺСڵϾ˵ҪԶһ𣬲ʲôҶġ
ȻҲ֧¶æסֵˣ棬ˣҲ˵˵ҲǾܹԶΪý
ƽҲ¶ղŵĵбҪģϾⲻԼĬ˵飬ҪԼΧ˵ģæЦ¶¶Ҳ֪ΪҺãֻҪľ֧ˣҪΪӰõĹϵһ治֪ô졣
ţô˵飿
ϣȰǵĺĹˣҲֻЭһ¶ĶƤЦӯӯȸ㶨˵ɣӹҪͦˣҵ¼
¶Ҳǳһ㣬ô˵ȻҪòвɵһжţСӰ˼ŪǾȥҰú̸顣
ĬŮƽ⣬мæ˫һֻ棬һֻ¶¶ȻǶ˸һԺһˣʲôѴһԣҲȫ߸ĸġ
С˵ҪǰʵڲӦ˽ваǵʱһ˵ĻĵסǶôңǰڵǻĵһ㣡
ôУĬǣôܹ˵˽˽黹ҪͬãѶȱȽϴ󡣡
˵⻰ʱĬ˼ĸҲҳߣƺֵԭ£һ˼⹫кܴìܣǶ˼⹫ĶŮһԼ׽ܵĹ⣡
˵ˣǰΪ˾һʸеãԲŸоҸ̼ĬһתҪˣǲֹܹܳԺ֣ǾԻƷġ
Ҳֻ˵˵ֲҪôŬŬ˵ˣһôûТء
¶ʵ棬ǸղžЩⰡ
Ųءղŵ飬ЩίղСӸʵݣû뵽ȻƭҰࡣ
¶æĬѵʵҲܹСϾ񣬶ҪСõĸܵġ
֪ĬһۣСĸǰͰˣȴһֱңŲ𡣡
ҵĺ棬֪ˡĬ֪ƽϢԹð취ǵǸˣˣұ֤ԺҲƭˡ
⻹ࡣĬıӣߣҪǸҶǺúʰ㲻ɡ
¶ǳͬĻæ͵ǣεԲڶΡ룬ֲУԺ׼κƫģҪǶ˼İǣǵֶΰɡ
ģұ֤һͬʡ
һͬҲСæ˼֮⣬㲻ٶκŮ˰Ľѩõ衣
Ĭæ͵Ҷǰǵ㣬ġ
ȴһôģȻǲֹǶϾǱ֤ǵ˿Ķ¶Ҳ
ֻҪŮҪԼǶϾϵⶼԴӦĬͷұ֤϶յġ
ԿЦ˵УԺҪٺЩĹ죬ȥСʲôġ
ĬŮȭʵЩ޿κΣֻܵͷұ֤ᡣ
¶ɵĬԼһηϵԭСڳ˴ҩûԣƽʱ͸ˣæҷģС϶ġ
һᣬЦȥϸһ˽ʱ䣬Ǻǡ˵žȥˡ
ȥԼҪʱ䣿¶ʵ
ҪĬҲ֪Ǳߵж鷳飬ֻ˵Ҿɡ
ţǱҪСһЩ¶ͻȻʲôæ뻳һһݸĬ˰ɡ
ĬǴ¶׼СëסҪ͸Լ壬һжû뵽¶¶屣ϣŻ˹¶¶ûҪԼֽ˫Ŀ¶Ŀһ𣬡ţʽ¡
Ҹһԡ¶ССشĬĲϡ
¶ר־ӣĬЩ鶯ջֵһ˲䣬һѽ§˹ȻĶͷϡ
¶Ҳ˳ƽӿĬļͷϣ˽ӵ
ӵ˺һᣬĬƿ¶Ҳϡ˵ù¶Ĳϡ
ÿ𣿡¶ѯʵ
ǳÿ
¶һ£ϵϣܱǵĺӽɳ
ᱣǵĺӵġĬ̲ס˫¶һڡ
ˣСëٻٻҪԷʱŪ㷹ˡ
Ĭӵϻ֮Сëٻٻû̽⵹ΪСëֵܸˣΪͲ֪飬ֱǰ¶ؼңǲ¶֪¡
ǺãϳԸԲĬ룬¶¶⼸ȥҼסɣһҰչ㣬Ժһ¸顣
ðɡ¶ȻҲĬţȴЩʵʣһǺһһЩĹϵûй϶סǼȥɡ
⵹ҲǡĬǵһҼȥδ޵סȥ
Ǻð¶ЦЦǲ֪˼᲻᲻ˡ
ûʲôܻӭġ
ӣСëٻٻĬļĬԷٻٻĬ汻ܵ顣
֮ǰûеõκҪʵϢٻٻЩεѾˣԺҲѴ֪ǵжˡ
ĬǶǵ֮Ҳ
ٻٻȴЩЩ벻ͨҸɵֻǰڰȫֵһˣõŷѾ˼Ϊ˵ˣҪ̽飬ҲòŰɡ
ıǧǰԵõһЩҪҪǿ˳ЩթǮΪЩ˵ıֲ꣬Ҫһ˿һжΪʲôȥĬϸǲ̽ɵҾĿģһΪһ˽ߵƣȫԱעͿǵĺϹжԸϹεĻᡣ
ٻٻ˼ص˵ͷҲͨʵĿͶĬS鱨ּȻѾˣǿ϶ưոݵģô죿
ʱӦΪС̵Ҫܹ˼顣ĬεĿͶٻٻ˵黹ҪİæϾͶS鱨ֵϤһЩ
ٻٻͷһᾡģҲòˣԻõϢ϶޵ģ⻹ҪԼСġ
֪Ĭоǣ̨԰ɣұһ¶ĸİȫ
ϣ¸ĸеԷַȰ˵
棬¶¶Сˣ㻹Ǳȥˡʫĳ˵СȻ˺ܺãǲܷ¶¶ģҿ㻹˳ɡ
Щί裬СȹΣڻĵϵľҿ̹ģԺôÿ
֪Ǿ˺ܶ飬վûԵְʫϷǳŮĸܣֻʵڲԼŮȥίϣȥ˵ĵߡ棬һλɣԺСֻѾˡ
棬СȻϲ㣬ǲͬڰǲܸ㰮ҸġҲ
ܹԼңǾǰԴзǳ̵ĸܣĬǰԼģȻܰѰȫңžһ֣ҲԱȱǿ
ȴӰС¶¶ĹϵʫȻҲͬǾĪĲףȰ˵ˣֹϵǻᱻȡЦġ
ȴû˵ǵȼһ֧̣Ƶس
ҲŲ±ȡЦءֵҾûң¶¶ҲܶĬ˵һҲʲôϵġ
ⶼʲô۰ʫ̾һûԺĸìԶΪԺĪ
ҵСƴȻģΪһٴΣҲĸԸ˵ţʫϵԱߣֱۣͣҡε裬һΰɣĽܱ󺣺öˣ˵ˣǲŮҸ𣬶ֻкСһӵҸ֣Ҫǲܺһһˡ
⺢Ҳǵġʫ治֪ôġ
һ̣˵ˣԺ˵ɣ棬ȥ˯ɡ
ţְ裬Ҳ˯ƤЦЦȻСų˷š
ȥıӰҡҡͷ̾⺢ҲͦģھͱΣζСӹŹġ
ʫ뵽ԼŮҲЩʹǰʹ
˵ʲôȥģϾźС³ܲȶҪǰƼˣܿɵµġ
ʫ˽ŮԸҪˣп飬£ڸô죿
ֻ̾ʱ䳤ܴ֮ܲм
ҿ᲻㿴¶¶ǰҲڵĽأʫ룬˵£ܴܲС֣棬п򰡣
СµΪĬŸ˰˰ĻᣬСˣҪСֻеԸ϶߼˵ġ
ʫϾɷ˵÷ǳЩǵҪһֱҪǵ׸ô죿
ʲô취Ҳֻ°ҲúŮܹúûţܱãҪлÿֺ֣γأ



ڶʮĻ ǰ̨
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˼Ĭ˵úемֵǣĺֻ֪Ʋϴǰʹ÷ֶζԸǡ
ȷʵпܡĬס˼̨֣⼸СЩˣصǻܹ˺ǡ
˼Ĭһᣬֵ⹫ǰкìܣҲ֪ܻܲ⡣ĬʵС㣬ҪѶתƵϣҸô죿
㲻õģ϶ġĬ֪˼˵С£ڵҲǺ飬İο⹫ǾĴЩͲ飬ǶģңҪΪΣôܶŭġ
Ը˰ɡ˼˫Ŀ꣬̾Ҳ֪⹫ôѹϵֵôȥ֮ǰҲû⹫ͺá
ĬҲ˼ĸ׵ȻϴԼĲ²⣬Ҫ˼ĺϹйϵĻλȥ֮˼С˺϶ץסһ˼ⲻѼǣ˼ʹã˵Լȫб˼һ£Ҳи׼
뵽Ĭ˵˼Ҿ⹫֮Ųɵ͵ìܣпΪ㸸׵ԭ򣿡
Ҹ׵ԭ򣿡˼˫Ŀһ˿âеС㣬ѵ֪Ұְ飿
Ҳֻ֪ǲµİˡĬĥÿᵽְֵϣԵЩڣȻвĻ
᲻⹫Ұְ֣ԲűƵߵģ˼²
Ĭûش˼Ļ˵˼С˺Ϊ˰ųμ⣬ڼܻܿ˵һЩĻʱ㲻úǼƽϡ
˼ĬأƺԤеʲôüͷʵС㣬ǲ֪
Ĭ˼˫ĿʵڲƭǵҾְֺܿϹҵˡ
˼ȻԼ˽ⲻ࣬Ĭǰʱ䶼ںϹҵľ廹˽⣬Ĭ˵ĻæʵΪʲôĲ²أ
ҾϹγм񣬶ϴʱɫҲ΢СĲǰΪ˲˼˼룬ĬûаĲ²߸˼ڻһ¸ãиסĬһ˵ңϹҺϼУΪ⹫ìܲŴﵽһֲɵ͵ĵز
˼˵Ұˡ˼˫ĿŵɫʣôأҪǳˣôܽһأ
İĬа̾еΪ˰£˵ˡ
ס˼֣ο˼ô㶼ȥںģǼ⹫һһжҪȥˣ͵ʲô鶼ûзɡ
ţɡ
֪⣬ɻ͵̨˸ճӴοɭӭ˽һγ󣬺ܿǼסڵɽׯ
ɽׯشڨϽشļСɽϣڱȽƽغشһˡķ羰ǳСɽΧĵطһСݵأݵصм䣬ȴǱΧ߳࣬ԣڽʱݵΧĵط㱻һʮ׿м͹Χм͹ҲγʮĶСĵ졣ΧСţܷοɭס˹Ķ棬滷ˮԵľӻ˾ͣ԰Ĭ˾οɭ½һ¥ٶƽ׿ΧһȦɳһĻͶӰӡĬ˼Ӷ˵һʱʺ򵹲裬Ե÷ǳ顣
˼С͵Լңòſġοɭ
˾ˣ֪˼ʵʲôʱȥ⹫
οɭǱ߲ԶĵڶҽԺǳ˷ȥɡ
Ĭڵ壬һȥҽԺʱӦעЩʲô
ڼ˼⹫ʱֻҪ˳˼ȥˡοɭǰĲˮһڣҪ˼С˻裬ºѱϵĳͻ
Ĭǿ϶Ϲ˼ģر˼ĸ׺⹫ĹϵʱӦô죿
οɭüһΪӣþûȻԼĿڰ˼˵ǺȻ˼С˺ȴ϶Դ˹˼ģǵԿ϶ǳܿ˼ܲסԶ˳Ʋļ̳С
黹Լ˵Ȼʱĺǳصġ
οɭȼһ֧ѩѣһڣ˵˼ְֵ֪ɣھ͸㡣
š˼ĿתضοɭɫԵ쳣ء
οɭһ̣˵ûĻ㸸ӦþǰżŵĶ³Ϲϡ
˼鶨˾ȺȻ֮䣬þûӦ
ȻҲ²òࡣа̾һû뵽˼ϹξȻ׽ãƽҲǱõĹϵ
˼Ŀͣæס֣Աο
ϼϹǳĳУ⹫ǶϹʹ쳣οɭص˵μҵ˶ӦóϹҵˣڶʮʱ򣬲֪ΪʲôԭʶϹϣһ̸顣
ϹǵжԼĳӣǽ˻ˣ⹫ȻŮǰϵͲãټķìҲԽοɭ̾һ軳Ϊӱܼͥѹܵ½ȥˣȻš
˼ȫܹµԼĸ׵ܵί赱Ϊ˱֪˶ٿ࣡
вɵһ󱯰û뵽ҾȻ֮˽ŮΪңزģΪʲôүҪϣ



ڶʮ ̽⹫
˾ˣȻݣƲ̳еͲҵˡ˼Ҳȷʵûʲô̳вƲֻȴ⹫һԸˡ
ôô˵ءοɭȻ⹫㣬Ǿ˵ѾͨˣټƽϹҵˣ˵Ͳõһ㡣
˼ЩԥȻ⹫ܲ˵ȴһԽĹ֣С˺赽ʱ϶Դҵģʱ⹫϶Ӱ졣ʵ˼Ҳǲ̳ԼеĲƲĲⷱļУȻϴԼɱܾᷢΣЩƲ㲻ʲô˾ˣҿһ˳ɣֻǿһ⹫ˡ
˼̳ȨеȨΪʲôϧأοɭȰҲʹС˺ɣȻʹǣӦúǶǵŲõİ취
ʵҲ̸ʲôʹޡ˼̾һֻǶϵĺˣʵڲ˼
ʲô취ءοɭҲЩпЩ鲢벻룬ΪһȻǶǣ˰ɱǣƾʲô
Ĭϴ˼˰ɱ龰оһѻҲȰ˼Ҿ˵öԣȻǶǣǾӦú
˼̳вƲ鵹ǲ̫أǶԱȴǿأЩһȻҪأǻʵΥ
˼ò⣬Ĭ˵Ҳ͵ͷǺðɣһϣҪִģϾǶˡ
ĬĻвɵһ̾Ϣ˼ǸˣҪּУʵڻʹģֻǣ鶼չˣôӱأ
˼ܴܲӦһ顣οɭɫԵЩΪ
˾ˣ˵ɣܴӦľӦ
οɭϣ㲻Ҫ㵱ϹҵĺˣҲ˵⹫˵ʱܹϹҶϾϵ
˼οɭ˼ֻԼϹҶϾ˹ϵԼ⹫ŻԼŮ
˼ȴЩԥȻûкϹйκνԼϾѪҺҪԼϷʵԼĺ
˼Ϲ˽ŮϹҵǲģϹϵӺŮ㣬˵ҲòŰԼϹҵĺˡοɭ֪Щ˼ɲС˺ϵشҲòʵ˵˳
˼ã΢΢ͷҾɡԼҲȷʵûȥǱףΪ˲þ˾˾ԼгɼҲΪ˲⹫ԼìٶȼԼǺϹһ޵ĺá
ʱĬ˼οɭĴ˵ڶҽԺԭסĲһضĺⲡʮƽ׿мֻһΧɳ輸á
ܹˣػ˵ĻʿӶ⣬ԱߵɳϻһһŮԱ
Ůʮ߰䣬Ҷüں޳Ľëҫ˫ǳȳƺгȻòƯǵƵͷĶţ̿㣬ȴչʾŮһ档
кʮ꣬һͿ˵·ӣͷҲȾ˻ɫزһ׹ҲԵ÷ǳ档
οֵһԶŮŮᣬӽξΪĩ˾͸չүүˡ
Ĭ˽΢΢һ£Ȼһֲ˵˭ôܵˣ
ĬȻȷŮ˭οɭܹμҵּŮֺ̬˵µοֵŮа룬Ҳʲôĺӣ󣬾ò
οɭֶŮϰߣûʣǾֱĬԭĲǰԭ˯æԱߵĻʿ֪飬Ұðɡ
ǽ֪Ů΢΢һĬ˼ˣʵ壬Ůɡ
οɭ˵ͷܵ˼飬С֪飬֪飬Ů˼˼Ĭ
ĬĿ䵽Ůϣʮ߰ӣԵЩǿ֮һɽüţȻοɭүԱߵŮ֮һ
ɭˡʱϵԭ˹Ѳһ´ˣĿⶨ˼ϣԽ˼ԽԼŮ񻵣ҲԽͲ񻳡
˼æվԭǰҲԵЩ⹫Ů˼Ӻ𣿡
ŮԭЩȻ񻳵Ůȿȡ
˼˵ͷЩǵģ񻳵ŮȻǵһμ⹫Ǽ⹫ʱѵ˹ӲϢ֮ʣ뵽Լĸ׵ıңôܲʹأ
Һúÿԭ˼ҪԵú
˼æ׵ԭԱߣԼ⹫һЩ⹫
ӡԭȻɫϣȴԵúǴ飬ϸһ˼вͣ񻳰Ҳʱİ˵˫Ѿڲ֪رᡣ
⹫˼ҲЩ˫Ŀˮ۽Ǵ飬Ө͸ȥסԭݵɲһ֣ܲס鶯ˮػ
ԭæ˼òϵοӣޣ˼棬Ӧøе˲Ŷԡȿȡ
ţ⹫
Щ𣿡ԭס˼֡
˼ˮøˣǰЩȥˡ
ôȥģԭ˵ǳ˫Ȼ۾Ǳʹˮǻں޵ˮ
˼Ȼ飬ʵĸ׵⹫
ҵĴԭûڣҪҰƳţôôҡȿȿȿȿȿȡ
˼æԭı⹫ⲻ㣬ֻܹá
ô˵Ϊҵԭ򣬿ȿȡԭɫΣӣҶԲĸŮ׺⹫ϸ񡭡ȿȿȡ



ڶʮ 
˼ȻҲЩ⹫ǶǶʮǰˣ⹫ҲʶĴԼʵûбҪôһΣ˼ƽϣ⹫ô˵ȥľȥɣ
ʵҲûʲôԡԭû˼İοҵѳ޿̫أоŰƳŵġ
ԭĻԱ߿ֵĲүүôֵܰϣǴðܻμҵ֪ܵҪҰ
ס졭ȿȿȡԭĻԽأϿԲͣҲͣزš
үӣСǽ֪ŮæֹȥĴԭĺ󱳡
˼Ļʹѣֻǰίˮ
ᣬүү𣿡οɭҲԵúŭ𣬡ҹȥ
ƾʲôȥһ˵ıʵѵòǰܻμҵѵŮĲҰ
Ựû꣬žһ죬ֳָӡ
˵οɭֶŮûʲôøУ˼ȻҪúýѵһѾӡ
ԱߵĬҲ붯ִ˵ģοɭĶǾѵӦȥϾĳˡ
ǴС赽ǧС㣬йίһӷ·ίһ㡣
ƾʲôҽ㣿ξ㱻Զ𣬾Ҫοɭ˴
ˡϵԭòд֮һСᡢСǶҳȥȿȿȡ
ξȻΪֻعϾԼĴ󲮣үүҲˣүүţòֹοɭĴ㣬ֻҽֻ˵ʵƾʲô
ȥԭξĻȻǲκĻᡣ
ءԽίŤͷȥˣڳŵһ˲䣬صһ졣
ξںݺݵصοɭһۺҲҧſڣŵʱ򣬹ƺ¥ڶ
Ȼ˳ȥˣǲûΪԭĿȴͣл治֪ôӵģô
˼Ȼ׼黹Ƿǳʹģɥþû
ĬҲǳʹղŵЩ֪˼ܼ尾æߵ˼󣬽˫ļͷϣο˼úСӼƽϡ
ӣˣǰԼμ˵ġԭȻ˼ЩʹУǶԵϳĸŮΣڲǰο˼赱ҲǱϹϵĻƭˣŷĴġȿȡֻҪܺϹһߣҲᡭκμƽϵģҲԴ㡭
֪˼Ĭһᣬŵ⹫ģҸûҪϹҵˣԼϹҵˡ
Ȼ˼ΪԼĸǱԼ׻ƭģǸ׵ȷʵи֮ԼʵûбҪϹףڻϹһߣҲԼ¸ѵľ档
ţͺáԭɬӻһ˿Ц⣬ֻμҵĺϹûκιϵȿȡӣ⹫ӵһ𣿡
˼æͷá˵߽ӿԭ
ԭѵ˫ؽ˼˻
һĻĬвɵð̾үΪΰ鵽ʱԣܹõ˼ԭ£Ҳȴ˶°ɡ
˸ոӵһᣬȴǸƿˣ˴˽ǰһʮӣӴŻɣοɭмԭСο֡
ŵʮٸ˶ûʣʾƽŮУǸԭСŮ񽿣ұǸοɭС
Ȼ֪˼׵飬ûеߵ˲ΧѳӵĿͶ˼Ĭˡ
Ĭ⼸ˣҲɵϴ˼Щ˺龰аԷģο֣޲ļһһΪСֻع
ιղСˣСοɭȷѣƾʲôŮ𱸵ǳԣȫûаοɭԼĴԴ
οɭȻǰְͰѰְֵĲշˣǽѵ
ǣ˵СԱһڿˮ˵˵С˵ʲôǰְˡ
οɭȻܰĻظһ飬ΪĻʵں˺˼ҲԼûбҪ˽˾ʹˣûʲôɽ
ʲô˼ҵŮֵѵСҪȥοɭֻعȴοסˣˣ㲻ҪˣҪ
Сҧҧ촽ջǰеŭֻСԹһ䣬ԼûжŮѵѵ˵ĶŮɡ
οɭ˵̴ôܲŭΪڸǰֺгûзϱֻվһԡ
磬λʲôˣο־ԼμҶӵķȡ
οɭȻο಻ĽܻӦУû˿ɫʵ˵Ǵ񻳵Ů˼
Ůһŵӣôоʹһ㶼ôǴŮ
ԱߵСߵҿǼðİɣĿľҪթμҵĲƲ
ƾʲô˵ǼðġĬڵ
ʲôСƳĬһۣμҵ飬Ϲκʲô
ĬĻǰȥŮƣ֪Ҫ侲Ͼ˼⹫ĲҧҧҲΣμҵҲֲܰɡ
ǲΣμҵϱȻҲμҵˡСø̬֮ԣСӣϸҳȥҪҰμҲġ
οɭʵڿȥˣڵӣ˼ѣôμҵˣȻӲʲôˣٿԸĬһ֡ĬамҲɵøͲǱһʶ
ǣԼӣ͵ϸɶСһģǲҪ
οɭȫҪǰѵ˵˵øЩɻڵĳϡ
ˣǶ𳳣ȿȡԭǶһˣΪʲôƽ͵˵ȿȡ
æǰȥװģĴԭĺ󱳣οְ֣˵ţת𱸵磬ɩǱˣְҪ
ȿȡԭһȻ治֪ǵô£һ˾Ͳܺͺദȿȣ
֣ҲһЩСϵᣬʲôġ񽿶˶٣ְɻĿͶԱߵ˼֣ŮĲ㰡᲻թμҲƲġûжٹɫʣһѡ
ôˣԭ㿴۾㡣ҡҡͷֲߵʱ꣬ͼǲˣڵȻܿ⺢ˡȿȡ
ʹмҲ֤ʲôĳ˵֣Ҳ룬ϵôش󰡣Ҳ֪ж˶μҵ̳ȨôҪҳʹм˳Ǿһǳɵ顣
ĬĻȴǰЩҲɩǰͷӿ϶ƫ˼ģҪװŮͷӵ˼·Щң黹пܱɹ
˼ҲԽգҧҧ촽ұ̥ǣϻеµ壬ⶼ֤ݡ
̥ǵ˶ȥˡĿ˼Ȼ˵壬ôóҰֿһҲȷһƺҽŮ
ҡ˼ᶼˣϵڵһ׵ʱͽ˳ﻹʲô壿
ϴβǸ𣿡ĬڵϴףǾͰˡ˵Ȼǣڵõ֮󣬲ûдŮ⹫ɱڡ
ʲôɱڣԭüͷ⵽ô£ȿȡ
Ĭȵ֪⹫ҪѰŮ²ƲֶᣬǾͰѰңҪɱ˼˼ҲǵǴж䵽ǵС
Ǻǣ°񽿰ίͶԭ֣ǼֱѪˣ⸺ѰҴĸŮ飬Ǵڸ𰡣ôܺף
ôûпܣοɭҲǷǺ˼ָƲԱһҵǡ
磬Ĳ˰ɡοֵȷʵûô׵飬Ҳ֪ǱĻƭְ֣ʲôĿģ
ԭǸ⼸˸Ϳˣһῴ񽿣һῴ˼鿴˺һᣬջվһʹ˼ߣҵŮûȥݺһúò̽ġȿȡ
֣㲻Ҫ͸ƭˡ񽿵ⲻϵμҵϵƲ᲻
֪ѡԭЩͷˣˣȳȥɣҺŮú˵˵
֣ŮŮҲӦġСƻЩʵϹҵҰ֣Ҫμҵţ
ҽǳȥԭĽе
ֽȥû𣿡οɭظ
СȻͷӷڻϵ̳Ų飬ҲҴײͷӣֻСߴһϺͿˡȻ˲
ҲȥԭָָˣҪ̸
񽿺һ˼ֲΥ׵ĻҲֻܺοһ˲
СҲȥɡοɭ
˼ú⹫˵˵Ĭ˼ļͷȻοɭ˲
רŵϢңĬοɭרŵϢңм壬лղŰ˵
ôղŶҸɵھͲԸˣοɭ
Ĭοɭ˼æԸӣȻӲá
ҵȻ˵ġοɭҰˣԺ󻹵ð˼㣬ҵȻϣӡ˵⻰ʱûаϲ֮飬޵ʹҪԼСôһӣǸöð
ĬҲοɭǸˣȻôԼԼôܾܾأǴӽԺҾĸɶˡ˵Ĭ׼οɭаݼ֮
οɭæסĬ˸֪ˣʱǵĻ˵
Ĭ京壬æͷǺðɣɵҾͲˡ˵ɳϡ
Сղźѻɡοɭȼһ֧ѩѣһڣҰǰǾɣֻɥʧҰֶǵĺøУʱҰֲŻƽƫǡ
Ĭ˵ͷףһ̵
Ǿͺáοɭ棬ҲҪǷ̫ҵĳͻʹʲôͻҲҪ˺μҵˣӰ󡣡
ϸ̸һᣬ֪ŵ壬үСȥ
Ĭοɭ˼ԭӯӯȻ̸˺ܶ˼ĸŮЩ顣
СӣԭĬ˵
ĬæԭԱߣ⹫ǰı֣ӦóƺԭΪ游ģ˼ѳҲ͸˼⹫ˡ
˼˵ǴС󣬸ǳ񡭡ԭסĬ֣˼Сʱ̫̫Ŀ࣬Ժϣܹúðչ
Ĭصͷţ⹫һúչġ
Ǿͺáԭһܵ˿ίܡ˼׵Ĭڱȥ
ĬµԭҪ˵ʲôȴһȻ˼ĸ֮ˣΪѾӵԵʣֲܸ˼ȫҸĸ׵Щơ
ã˼ٺ¶¶Ǻܺϵ̬ܵҲĸ
ȻôοԼǾС̣һֻס˼֣⹫Ҳܵίġ
ţ⹫ģԶҺõġ˼Ҳ˵



ڶʮ߻ ѵ
˼Ĭ뿪ԭĲοֺ˲
֣񽿣ʵ˵ǲȥݺ񻳵Ůȿȡԭʵ
ôܣæȻʹûжٸ飬ǱϾ׽ðôȥݺأ
οҲ֣֪һֱãҿȫһְŵģĿľƻе󡭡
ɭˡԭյҿɡȿȡ治֪ôģȻ
֣ûʲôݺǵж񽿶˶٣ǰȷʵѰҹŮǲûݺǣǸһǮǣǲҪס˵һί֣֪ԣҺͶĲϴŮ
ΪʲôҪԭŭѵ֪һֱѰĸŮǹҪҡȿȿȡ
æĴԭĺ󱳣֣ǵ˼ˣǲһжԼĺϼŮ
οҲ͵˵ˣͲȷŮǴҸģĿľڲƲ̳еʱһ
ܡԭҡҡͷֱңǾ񻳵ŮҵŮ
ŮҲϹҵĺ˰Ȱο֣ûУ֪ˣμɶӰ죬ңμҲƲһָ֮תͶϹңǲ͵ֱӰѲƲ͸Ϲ𣿡
ġԭæӦңϹΪ׵ģֻϵĺˡ
޳ȥŮóȥˮοŮȻ񽿲ŮԺڼĵλĿǰ˼ų⣬ĻҲ˳ھ˵˳֣˵䲻ĻǰֵôУҪǵȥ˺μҵ׶ˣᣬķǵ˶ȥˣǰûм˭֪ˣ
ǣпϹɵμļһԴ̽μĶ̬лֵһʲƵŲοҲ֣һ룬ϹʲôֶòŮϹҵˣҿ㻹ǶһۺãȻμҶļҵܻһ
ԭĻɫתأҲĹǣȻԼĸŮĴΣ˼ϾϹҵˣҪԼѲƲָ͵ڷָϹҰ
ȻŮܲԼһرиУǱϾǲʶ죬ԼͲȷһˣŮ˵ЩҲòǡ
ţһúÿġȿȡԭҲʱҪ¶ۣҿһʱ˵ɡ
֣Ҫϸǣ顭
ˣǳȥɣϢˡԭοֵĻ
οֺ֪ϰֵԸҪ߿߿Ȼǳģ˶һֻۣȻ뿪˲
֪飬ȥСԭԱߵı֪˵
ã͹ȥӺ֪Ͱһʮӽ˹
ĺһ㣬ɫȴ͸һɾ֮ԭĴߣүʲô𣿡
С׵㶼֪˰ɣһȫȷҵŮȥæһDNA飬ȷǲ񻳵Ů
СȫģѾʮˣԴӶʮʱ͸ԭڣԭʮˣԭŵù֮һȻϵСԭȴܷܺĵذġ
үģһúġ
Уһѵĸǰǲ⵽ɱֱǲǺϹҴĳϵ

ϣοֵο֡񽿺СҲ̸˽顣
磬ֵӣƺҪŮǽӦô죿
ǵȻˡСƵҲΪһδıŮŮֽɡ
ؼǰԼΪЩΣ֮ǰһֱֲľ顣񽿷ҲӴ磬ڴ֧Ůˣֵ˼Ҳ϶ܵӰ졣
СƵô˵ǶϹҵˣܲڰǵļҲָϹҵ˰ɡ
οǵȼһ֧̣ƵһҲȷϰڵôģı֣ƺҪһЩһ̣ݵ治֪¼ôģϴ˵Ѿ׵˾ȻĪسˡ
ҿǸƭǣǡСƷ߷ȻεʷǵúǺúһ㣬ǾܾôŹǡ
Ҳû뵽ǻǡοֵҾʱòŰìܼǿԸһĻᡣ
˼ǽаɱж𣿡ЩǵѾɱ˵ĻˣҪܵκ˺үӺ;϶ỳǣֻԼ鷳
οֵ˵ͷ˵Ҳеȫɧвһǣ֪ѶãȻˣҲԽ˷ɢǵľݺݵһֻ̣Ҫȵͷ˺ǾͿԷĴ󵨵жˡ
ҿ취ҲһסС룬֣̽ҿѾûжʱˣɴڰһ·̰ɣֲ̬Ҳܿࡣ
ɩӣ˵ҪǺְ֣ЩҲ̫û˰ɣһ׸ץסѱ
Сοҡҡͷ˵öԣֻǴ鷳ʱǲܵòƲ̳Ȩпܱصȥġ
ʲôеģֻҪСһЩ绳ôû֤Ҳûа취Сƶ˶٣Ȱ֣񽿣룬ͷڵı֣пܷһֲƲŮˣǵĵʧٰͷȥˣǵѪԵϵòɵϿɣҲܳΪ̳ˣ
ʱȻһο̵ֽٷŵ̻ҸףݺݵŪʵûа취ˣٿ취ɣ
治֪㻹ʲô֮ʣô£Сûصοһۣ˵Ӧô죿
һǶ񽿡СᡢСַȰ˵ϰ֣Ȱ˵ʱһҪע̬ȣǿϹ˵ݺŮϵҰȷϹˡ

ڶ죬˼ĵDNAʾȷʵԭŮȷԭǰ˼ԼŮԼߵʱԼŮࡣ
ɽׯҽԺֻһľ룬磬Ĭ˼̽ԭ֮ѡ˲лȥ
С㣬ҿһҪһʱ䣬ȻضɣҲչһ¶¶档˼ȻĬһֱԼߣ¶¶ڿе˰ҪĬչˡ
ĬȻƽǰźܴգһ߰ɣ¶¶棬ȥٲǾˡ
ɣǽӹסʱ䣬Ҿ˾ķӱȽϿҷҲ˼
ҿˡĬ߱Ͼǵĵ̣кܶδ֪ı䶯˵ˣҪҺĹϵС֪ˣǵʱ϶һµġ
˼Ĭ˵Щ֮õͷǺðɣȥ֮ڲǾˡ
ĬĻȴһϲֻҪ˼¶¶ܹദ⡢໥ϵԺһˣҲҸģ
˲֪ѾߵɽׯǰСϣʱĬͻȻǰӭһϤӰ
˲ǱˣοֵŮᣬʱȻǴú棬ߴӣӶźɫ·һпźСɰ룬һһ۾Ȼ˽˱ڡĬܺãԼʮ״ĵطѾϳ˶Է뵽Ů㿪ҪתܣԵú£ǣֻװɲ˼·һߣʹ᲻ںԼͻĬ̺ܿգǳĬġһǶԹŮǹȥ˵꣬ʹӿ첽˹
Է˼ſǡڵӹˣ˼вЩǣŮԼıãԷԼ鷳ģʵڲͶԷͻ뵽˼Ĭ˵С㣬ǿֵ³ǻǿ뿪ɡ˵Ĭ·׼ǱСȥĬܿģŮҪϣҪȥͷڹꣿûʲôģڴϣǲҰôġĬСӦῴ˼ͼæӿ첽˹ܿ죬˾Ĭ˼ǰܣûôסɫԵмֵ⡣˼ѾܻرˣֻǿЦСᣬʲô𣿡ȻҲŮϾԼãҲͳƺΪСˡ
СҲе𣿡ƺ˼ӣˣ⼸ûүүǰ˵ǼҵĻɡ
ι˵һЩĬȵʵڲѾͷԼСΪˡ
ô˵ˣ˫ֲǸˣһǸҰ֣Ϲҵ˽ӣȻ뵽μƲһûмôҪŮˡ
ĬĻˣʵںȥŮƣ뵽οɭĻջϾμҵĵ̡
񶾵ĻҲ˼ǳģ֪ڲʹʱջûίˮ
û˵˰ɡԵмֵ⣬ӽϸҹش½ȥҪҿǣǺÿ
ĬߵҪǲȥأ
ߣûаҵĻһ°޺޵ȻҽҪúýѵǣ֪ҵδ䣬һƣһ˦˼˼ûϵԷͻȻ֣ӦʱԷѾˣۼԼҪ裬ȴһֵֻԼǰһץסŮֵֻȻĬˣղЩ񶾵ԣѾĬŭˣڼȻҪ˼⣬ĬŭȻ΢΢һ㣬ȻҸÿ
С㡭ڳ
ޡûаĬһڿˮĬӡ
ĬæƫͷĿˮɢĽϻǸҺС
Ĭ׼ŭˣҲȥԷݣһӵͬʱִӡ
žһ죬ֳָӡĬڴһƣŮʵ²֣δˣҲûټѵ
Ĭûɿ֣֪ڵڰУҲҶԼ
ۡû뵽ĬҴԼһſڴ߿޻߽УҺúýѵǡء
ʱѾ嵽ĬǰɰĬȳȭĬؿڡͬʱǸīҲһȭĬࡣĬһģȻҪǾʹɡŵӭɰӵȭͷͬʱ̧𣬷ɻīеȭ⣬ɰȭͷĬеͬʱīеҲĬһšĬī֮󣬼ȣżīеؿڡһ죬īбĬż˸ţ˿ȥЩ˵ϡʱɰӵȭͷȻĬ˫ֿšɰȻоǶţȴԸʹξܣһҧݣȭȫĬ沿
ʱīҲʶĬǸ֣ȻҲϰȭΪ˱ǳϵذһͱĬӡС㣬Сġ˼Ȼ֪ĬǿȻǵּ֮Է⵶һʱɰеȭͷĬ沿ѾԶĬûлæӦץԼʹͷߣڴͬʱҲȥ
Ĭܸ˶㿪ɰеȭͷԴͿ˹ɰеȭͷδȻƫ׼ػϡ
῿ٶȣɰлȭͷҪ죬ԣͷڹͷȭͷ֮ǰȵĬǰĬһʹŮͷת˸Ȼ沿Ͷ˹ͷȭĬղŶɰйͬʱѾīд̹ĵӣҲӦ⵶ӵİ취
ûŮҽгĬֵסɰеֱۣʹӿԼҲ࣬Եֵīдļ⵶
ɰû뵽ԼһȭС㣬ڷ֮ʣѾĬǰ棬ʱīеѾ˹ȴǡôıϡͬʱɰж˻ѷεĲҽУһΪ沿ȭһΪеĬû˵˻Уǳһȫͷȫڷ㶵īУīж沿Ĭ˸ţʱ˵ϡʱɰֹ˹ֻͲĬĶ֣ڱһôܴùĬأȭͱĬ˵ϡ
ڶڵϲͣţ̱ڵشţȻûܵˣͺͱȴǲͣѪȻȭͷͼѹԵʡ
˼ˣҪȥοһ£ȴĬסˣ˼ߣ
Ĭֻ֪ɰȭͷƻУ˲ǺأòԼȥġ˼ҲףԼֻóͻ֮úĬǱȥˡ
˵ҲŹġء˽ȥıӰ޽š
Ĭûлͷֻ̾һҲŮ˵ģѾͷҲ̫ˣ첻òһѵС㣬ǻ᲻鷳˼Щǵ
鷳϶У֤Ǹջص˾˼ңĸͻ
ĬοҲõǣղںǷͻ֮ǰͰϵ¼ˣֻҪǰ¼⹫Ҳǵġ
ţǾͺá˼̾һһǾЩãϾұã



ڶʮ˻ 
Ĭ˼صοɭ󣬾ѸղŷοɭοɭԺɫЩصҲñѵֻˣ»Ұȥ״ġ
ĬҲûа취ģҲ̫ˣȻҪִ˼
Ҳܹ㣬ҪڳҲѵġοɭһڲ裬ĥҿָܿʾôģĿǸӸѹ
ĬҪ˵ȴһζĳĻ쵰ҹ˵οֵСơ
ܿ죬ο֡Сơʹ洳˽οֺСһǣһֻ֣Եóķŭһί˫۳޾ԹޣΧܹѪۡ
ĬͲµԷڼǴ˽ûжپ档Ŀ⿴һԱ˼˼ɫǣæסС֣ο˼õģ˾˻Ӧģ
οɭҲϵοֻҲûжٵģԼܵܵƤѾȫ˺ˣڸòΪھΡ
ο˺ܲ˶ɳСļȻеСӣŮ˵ģô
ҿûд˵ġ
ޣһơҧгݵҲҲűеġ
Ĭûк磬أ輸ϵ̣Ƶصȼһ֧Եֵ
Сӣʲô̬ȡοʵڲĬְ̬ȣվŭָĬСӸҷһ㣬μҵĵ̡
Ҳҷص㣬ҵļңҪǸҹȥοɭҲ
ǣ˵˰СƷûд֣Լ̵˵ѽ˵ˣҲˣġɡӰû׶ӵ㣬ȻҪ˵ʱ򣬹ѡɡϵúܳǳ
οɭѾϰСƵļ̣ҲúϻָţϸҹȥȻҸǺÿ
ܺãοŭοɭҸ㣬Ҿô۸ģơСᣬߡ˵Աߵᣬ߷Ȼȥ
֣ôǻ쵰ô۸ңһҪҺúó
СᣬģҾԻһġοֻͷĬһۣСӣҲôŹġ
ߺ˼˼οɭ˾ˣ鷳ˡ
ǰ㵱ԼŮʲô鷳鷳顣οɭһЦҺͲýʲôӣ˰ɱңѵһܵܶԴ
Ҳ˺ˣ»鷳ԺӦöעһЩĬѵ
οɭͷ⼸ҲҪȥʹڼҽԺǶǲ
ڶ죬ȻԭǰĬ˼ݺݵظһ״нȫζȡ֣ǳĬ״ˡ
ԭȻûȫĻŮ˴ȴʵȻŮһЩΪǲϾԼĺڸĬ˽ѵ⻹ǳŭ
Ĭ˼еߣʵС⵽ô£ΪʲôҪСᡣ
Զ񶾵˼һִ˼̲ססġĬʵ͵ȭͲҴڹҵʱġ
˵ѡˮҵģȻִֶҡ
ԱߵСҲýƱˣ˭֪ǶŮ˵ЩʵǳʹްһѵŮġ
ĬĸŮߵıݣаǻݣ֤ݣȻ⹫治֪˭Ļء
⹫˵ĸͲʵĬϵMP4˵Ұѵʱ¼ڿ˵žͲ¼
СĸŮû뵽Ĭһ֣мֵɫһٰʮȴת䣬Ǳͷӳˣڱ¼ͷ֪󣬷ƫԷ
ԭ˼Щ񶾵󣬲ɵüͷСᣬҲǵģ㣬㾹Ȼ治֪ôģȿȿȡ
ίҲʵʵ˵Ů˱ϹҵҰ֣үү㲻ʹϹҵô
ˣȥȥԭǷŭ
ҧҧԹĬһۣŷ߷Ȼغĸһ˲
ߺԭ𱸵ĿͶĬСô˵ҲӦôȿȡϾҲ磬ôܴá
ĬæͷǵģҵʱҲ嶯һ㣬Ժ顣
ԭְĿͶ˼˼С⺢Ӳ£ҲҪĻϡ
˼æ⹫֪
ˣǳȥɣһ¡
Ĭ˳ȥľԭķ䡣
Сôˡԭʵֵûȥɱ˼ǣ
ĵ⼸飬ڰĩʱ򣬶Ƶȷʵһΰɱ¼ݾƵķԱĬ˼ࡣ
ȥɱ˼ԭҧ治֪ô˺ݶõԼУȿȿȡˡ
æĴԭĺ󱳣үˣֱΪĿĲֶεˣӦġ
֪ˣ˼̳μҲƲڼķչȻãҲڰֶõԼϰɡԭϴοɭϮ飬ôˣ
ҿҲǿְָʾġȻ˵ʵȴֲԸƭͷӣֵڵìѾﵽˮݰ
ǸԭҧгݵҿҵĶˣȿȿȡ治֪ʲôȻĶӡ
үڴô졣ĵ׼ѲƲôָ
ֵһϼŷչ׳ȥڿֿԲˡԭɫڵĽǶ˵ǺѲƲɭǣɭûжӰҪǸμҵķҲߵ˾ͷ
ĵͷ˵ɭȷʵǲƲѼ̳ˣֻǰѲƲμҵĲƲջ䵽С
ֲֿԭ߷ȻҪùϵʱǿɭȨЩŲҲ䵽ϰ治֪ôģһҪһҪǸȿȿȡ˵ԭһҵĿԣȻȳһѪ
ү𼤶æҸҽ
ҽһԭֺĵ˵˻СӦôָƲ
һΪӦðѲƲɭڿָйҲöࡣ
ǡȿȡԭĬһᣬʵ˼ݵôˣûкϹ
ĬϹЩƺҲࡣ
ô˼пϹҡԭ̾ϢȻҺһЩʵڲܸ̫ļ̳УҲֻȷպʳˡȿȡ
ţҲôΪġ룬ʵүô㣿
ҲܲôˡԭǶҶŮҲƫĸƽָǰɣǵõŲô죬ǾͲͷܹܵˣϾҲûмˣȿȿȡԭһСϰѿɭǶеѼҰŲú˵˵ҲΪͣҲܰ

ϣοɭ˼Ĭο֡СơᡢξԼ񽿵ɷ˲ԭЩ֮⣬ĲƲ̳й֤˺οɭοָҵļˣټĲһˡ
֪Ҳûжʱˡԭ˼˼Ӻ˵ĿпڷˣҾμҲƲ̳еĽȿȿȡ
Χʮ˫ĿʮӰͷ׼ԭﾲһܹ
ȥ󣬳˱ŮڵĹɷݲƲ֮⣬ӵеļҲҲǡԭһˮ˵ʣµĲƲУٷ֮ʮҴοɭ̳Уٷ֮ʮҶοּ̳Уٷ֮ʮСŮ񽿼̳Уٷ֮ʮŮ˼̳Уٷ֮ļ̳Уٷ֮ʣµİٷ֮ʮȫעƶᡭ
֣̫ƽ˰ɡСƴ˲İҼҿŮοɭһŮûУôܷͬĲƲѵССͲֲֵܷƲ
Ҳ֣Ѱٷ֮ʮĲƲָϹҵĺˣʵΥ
ҪָŮССҲӦõõͬĴСֵ񽿵ŮС磬ѵͲŮˣ
ҵĲƲô䣬ǾġԭᶨƲˣ乫˾Ȩ˵ԭɵ̾һǼ֮ĹϵҲֻܰµĸ˾ĹȨˣӽԺοɭҪ½ϿƼŵĹο̨ĸ˾Ĺ
󣬷Ȼοֺ񽿣ǱԤܹðٷ֮ʮϵϷ䣬ھȻֻ˰ٷ֮ʮ壬ʵЩʡ
ԭǸ˵һˣȻѾ˽Ůӳǿңû˿ı䡭
οɭȽ⣬Ȼ˼ֻ˰ٷ֮ʮĹɷݣӵ˰ٷ֮ʮŲټ֮ǰĲɷݣۺʵҲοֲ١
˼̨ҪΪף⹫ָԼʮڵļҲ˵Щ֪롣

ϣοֵԷοֺС
ҽ㶯ְǸͷˣ㲻һɡСƷ߷ȻںˣָֻôƲȴô硣
Ҳû뵽ôοƵصһ֧ݺݵһڣҲˣҲ١
˼ҿһˣǼһССͷȻֵһࡣСһοֵԴھȻô˵ϹҵҰ֣Ȼõ˰ٷ֮ʮ治֪ͷôģ
ˣΪҲ𡣡οûصСһۣѾ˹֤ʲô취
СƸɷһҲڿˣ˼ãŵͰͷӽ˰ɣʱٺǡ
иƨáοŭͷˣŲҲð䡣
СƳ˼һᣬֵǲһγ׵жŪûݣҪˣĲƲǵ𣿡
ʱСοֵȲ˵ķȽϺãлɱҲᱻ˲ʱ˵Ųˣ»֮֡
СûҲУҲУ˵ô죿
ʵڲУǾˡοЩйǱϾҲһˣαһģ
ιûǰ;ôйˡСŭ㲻ƲҲҪɣôģСôСӴġ
˵ŮҲǵģõôǳ𣿡οЩɿڵҪݺ˼ң˼һ𣿡
ο֣˼ҲˣôΪáСƺ鶼ˣ㲻ҲܷŹ㣬Ҫ㲻Ǿ͵űŪɡ
ҡοֺݺݵԱһ̵Ҳȷʵûʲôõİ취
һи취㿴ôС̽οֵĶڼװͺáǺƣʱͰƵϹҡ
οЩԥҲвСΣհҪǵʱ͵ʴףǸô죿
ôܣС˵ֻҪǼƻܣ׼ܹݺݴ磬ʱμһǵ£

ĬصοɭУܶʱ䶼ں¶õ绰졣
Ϊ˲ŮԼƫģĬͨǲ룬˭ӵ绰Ǿͺ˭˵ɡ
νӵ绰¶¶Сڴ绰ˣڸʲôأ
һᡣĬе¶¶оô
˼أܺúȵġ¶ЩǱ߻Ҫʱ䰡ȥʮ
黹ûܻ꣬ʮ졣ĬЩε¶¶Щûкúչ㣬һúò㡣
Ǻǣôң¶ЦǲҪҼ졣
ǿ϶ġĬЦҪô㣬Ҿô㡣
˵ģʱ׼ڡ
̸һᣬԱߵе¶¶绰ңҺ˵˵
ʲôأ¶ûĵӰɣҺѻ˵
ߣѾͷҲ̫˰ɡЩ´һڵһʱӵ绰Ȼ˵ûûˡ
ٺ٣Ƚӵ¶ЦҾͼ㣬ô졣
СѾͷȻвˣôʰ㡭
ȥ
绰ǱߵĻЦĬһҸĸо
ӵ绰ɣ㼱ġ
ιã˭绰ͷ
ѾͷȻСĬ΢΢Цϣ˭أ
ϣҵС磡
Ӵˣ鲻鰡Աߵ¶е棬֪ϲŻ£ǹ°ɡ
УСԿЦ˵С㣬˵ǲǡ
ĬǰСѾͷû취ˣֻи͵ǵģС磬棬ûк˰ɣ
ǻȰңû˿áЦСڿǹעһˣҪԺҲõĻҿûҰˡ
ģҿ϶úöģġĬ룬棬⼸һ˳е飬治֪ô˵ˡ
ҲΣϾǱߵҪЦЦ֮úúòңղ㶼Ӧ¶¶ҪģǲҲӦҲĴ
ȻˣֻҪҪͻ
϶ͻЦС군ˣ͵ǵֶˡ
ĬֵѵĸоСѾͷԼ˵İɣǵʲô



ڶʮŻ ׷
ԭĲһһأڼʮջ뿪
׷ɽׯмĻ԰еģ׷ᵱգ̨̽ʿɽׯңڳǧˣԵ÷ǳ֡
Ȼ˼ԭĴŮǰûμҴΪϹйϵ϶ǴĻֻڰʱ׼¶һ档
˼Ĭ׼ϳȴǰιҿͲòμӰˣҪñ֪μҵŰ
˼ĻЩÿˣĬһᣬҧ촽ұϾ⹫ĺˣҲӦóһ°ɣֻҪǲҵô֪
ǣΪҲž𣿡Ц̽úܣӣ˿İף϶ġ
Ĭ˼ĲμӰᣬֹΪкǲˬǰæ˵⹫ʱ˼⹫ָļ̳֮һ˵⹫Ůģ˵˷ϿϵģڲҪǲμӰᣬǹҪΥ⹫˼
񽿱ΪŲ쳣Ĭ£࣬ԭ˼ĹϵȷʵõȷϵģȻ˼ҼҪμӰᣬҲǿֹȻǲμϣǾͺƤμӰɡ񽿶һĻǱȥˡ
뿪Ĭæ˼ûʲôùܱô˵ţͺ˼һ˵ء
Ȼ˼źԭ϶ʮ죬˼ûʲôˣʱԭְˣʹҲԭԼ׵֮һ˵ĵ֮ʱȴǲԼʹˮ
ڵĹУĬһֱڲ鿴ΧɫˣǷǳΣյһ죬ȻοɭѾڱ˲ٹ򣬵ǽʵЩ࣬Һܶ˻ͷˣܶʵ̫ļ飬׷ﰵŲٰȫ
ڸմӰʱĬͻȻһϤӰŮ˲ǱˣĬĳ
ʱĳڰΧתһȦ󣬾ߵĿյȥˣһģһʮӣӵɫҲһʿ
Ĭû뵽Ҳ쵽Ⱗοֿ϶رӸʲô
Ĭɫ˵˼ˣȥϢϢɡ˵òͽֽ˼ϵˮ
˼ЩΪѵǻһɣ˿²á
ûʲôҲûʲô¡Ĭ˶ӣǻǻȥɡ
˼Ĭɫأ֪ʲôǵͷǺðɡ˵žͺĬһοɭļȥˡ
ոսݣĬ͸οɭ˸绰˾ˣҷпɵˣǴҪɱˣҪСһЩ
ţ֪ˣģ
ڼһҳȥһ
˵绰Ĭ׼ȥ鿴һǳɸߵſڣȴ͵ʲô֪ʶΪʲôʱζһأѵ뿪뵽ͣ½Ųͷ˼ߣ˵˼Էбһ뿪㣬ٸ˾˴绰
ٴβͨοɭĵ绰˾ˣе㸴ӣڻһ˰ɣ֪ǸɵıҲйǽɵıοɭһܻıڣĺĬ࣬ĬúбҪһֺġ
οɭҲоԣӦãϹ
ʮӺοɭοɭŮ֪Լһɱ˼ԷĬϴţοɭ˵˾ˣǸղõɽưҿ׼Ϯ˼
οɭ΢΢һüͷҰֵ׷ᣬѵôض֣
֪ڵҲоЩ쳣ǻСһá
ӦעЩʲô
Ҿǿݵǲ֪ǵľĬ룬˵ҿɣ֪˼ѴŴıһ£ҡ˾ˡ໥Ե
֪ΣͷǺãھ͵ݡ˵ţͿʼԼ¡
Ӻ󣬼˾Ͱ»ˣ֪鴩˼£˼֪£Ĭοɭ£ɴĬ£οɭɵ¡
ãҵȥ鿴ǳעһ٣ܹԻǵġĬŵ˼;˾ȥ¥̨װŲ̽ΧӣҲϳ
Ȼ˼οɭ֪ĬЩ𣬵Ĭã¥¶棬ǻǿԻ˵ġ¥İȫʩҲֻҪԼ֪ػס棬Ӧܹȷǵİȫ
οɭҲͬǵͷǺðɣھͷͷȥ
ȳȥˣ߷ʲô飬ǵһʱ֪ͨҡ˵žͿ뿪ԷĶΣĬм
ߺ˼οɭҲ֪ɵ·¥ȥˣһ˾ͺñΪοɭ¥Ѳߡ
֮Ĭִ绰οɭڣǵȺ¥´Ȼ֪һ¥´
˵Ĵ˼οɭţڱԴʹŵʱ򣬴Ӵźʹ治ϳ˵Ŀ
ʱοɭĵ绰ˣοִģ¥װģ鿴οɭ΢΢һüͷջǽ˵绰
ι磬
οɭοֺм⣬аѰ˼һƽʱǲôģȷʵҪȻҲܶ˿
Ҵʲô𣿡οɭɫӦ
׷Ϸ˿ɵˣһϹġο˵ɣǴңҹ
οɭĬ
磬Ҳͨˣֵڶû˼ȫԸϹҡοھ͹ú̸̸㿴ô
οɭǺðɣҿɾˣҪ컹ǾԲġ
Ȼھ͹ˣҡ
οɭҶϵ绰󣬸æ˼ĵ绰Ĭ˸绰ԼοָղͨݸĬ
Ĭοɭ˼ҿɣһסʵڲУ



ڶʮ ǹɱ
Ĭչҵ绰洫һϤҴɡοֵ
ʲôȥ㱨һ£ԭĵᣬ˵οֱǿԼסģǰĹϵţرӣſػȫıڻǵ֪ͨοɭһ
ڽ֪ͨĬһ󣬾ͷοֽˣοʱĬѾӲ輸һëԼϣԵЩĪԱߵ֪ǵʹͷԼ㷢ڵʹñ˸Ϳӡ
οּοɭӣһȻʵ磬ʲôĬѾȥ鿴ˣȻĬοɭЩ𣬵οͬԼ磬ּԼ·һʱᵽҲûо쳣
Ĭû˵Ȼһ֪νӡ
οֱҪοɭɳϵģ⸱ģʵں棬ĬԱߵɳϣʵιܲܰ·л͡䣬ĬȴͻȻο֣˲סұۣͳһ֧ǹӲסಿλҪУһǹ㡣
οִһ漴ʶԼڵĴæսս˵ʲô
ʵû뵽˾ȻĬû뵽ͻȻǹָԼͻϮо²ѡ
˵㲻˵İ죬ҾԻӵ䵽Ĭ󣬵ȴ˲
ο֪Ĭ˵ѣæҪ˵˵ʲô˵ʱȴǲͣڲ
֪Ӧڱñƽһ㡣ĬҪ˲쳣Ψһĺ㿪
ţҡס
ã㻰ҪʵĬɿοֵ֣װƽʱ˵ǽ׼ȡжɣ˵ɣж
ʲôжοҡҹҪҴͽģûûжҪȻҴԡԺ̸϶Ե㡣
Ѿ鵽ΧõˣȻҪװĬߵȻ㲻˵ʵǾͱҲˡ˵ţҪ⶯ǹ
οææ˵һ棬˵Ҫɱң϶Ӳץģʱ򡭡Ҳֻˣҿ㻹ǰҷ˰ɣ㲻ܡԼ帣һԸһǮ
Ĭߵ㲻úװˣ֪һ뺦ңҪҲȰŪĻҡ
οа⶯ĵֻҪָ΢΢һԼûˣʱĺ£˵ɣ㵽ҪôܷŹҡ
֪ǽвСжھʵɡĬвڿʼҪҾаٻǹǾ֮ԷĶģʵǱοֶס˺·
ġοִʱǺˣԼôʱװشأģ͵ʴװڲ˿ж˵ʡҧҧʵǵģȷʵˣǵĿȫҴ磬㡭ûаϵ
ΪʲôҪó
ο룬˵֪㹦˵ãҪοɭԱߣǴɱĻСܶģԲšš
˵ѣҾ˾˵ҲΪʲôͳͳΨҪһˡĬ˵㻹ǲ롭
οæʵʵ֮Ѱɱ׸㡭
ʵοǵļƻǳ򵥣ĬȻοɭɱɱοɭͬʱοҲˣһǾͿָɱ¼ĬΪˡ
ĬϹйϵοɭӣοɭĲƲϷ̳ˣοȫܹҵĬοɭɣĬǲڳοȫܹĬΪˣټǵĿƺ͸ֹϵʱܰĬ͵ȥ
ǣԭЩһԭ޻ңĬЦһ£Ҳ̫С˰ɣȻԶ͵ǰʡ
ǲЩˣǶĬʵ
棬û֪ͨǣҲȡжġοֵ
жˣʲôĬ׷ʵ
ˣǳǹըοֵĻ䣬һ޴ıը漴һҵļ
Ĭһʱ䷴Ӧˣñըҡ
οҲƺʶʲô̲ס
Ĭ˶ǹʵô£ıըǲǵ˸ɵģ
οɫ˵ǽӵ֪ͨжģڸû֪֪ͨô
ο֮԰ըĿľȥ鿴οɭȥڻнοɭĬ˵οɭȥԼûа취ˡ
ʱοɭһڴ˽Ҫ¥ܣȴǱĬл磬ôˣ
淢˱ըм˶ˣڳ漫ҡӱ˵¥ݿȥȥϰ壬ȥһ顭
ȱȥ˹Ҫϰ壬Ǿ¥ݿڱ¥İȫĬԱߵ֪飬˵ȳȥɡڵõ֪ĴӦһѺοеߣڳȥ
οֲ书Ҳֻ˳ӣڱĬѺ;УлͣĵǧҪ£м϶ᣬھֹ֪ͨͣ֡
ǺãھϵǡĬ˵ţοͳϵֻ
οֻͨСƵĵ绰ιڡڶԷУǧҪ
绰ͷ
ڴң׼·ֳ鿴ҡ
绰ͷοֵĻˣˡ˵ռҶ˵绰
ô£ĬЩΪʲôѵ绰ˣ
Ҳ֪ҪҰɡ
˵֮ʣѾοɭĴſڣʱǱȴܹˣЩеС磬еǿװ߽еϰ壬Ǳ߳ˡ
ĬĿɨһۣЩ˵жЩ죬һӰ뻳еʱȷЩοɱοɭˡ
һѽοƵǰ棬һͳͳȻһǹ
δ䣬һӾѾ˻еǹĬڵķ
ĬһпʣǾȻҲҿǹѵͲɱ
һ죬ӵ˹ΪĬοֵԼǰ棬ӵûĬοֵؿڡ
ĬʶԷûںοֵаһŮʵںݶȻԼɷҲһ
Ǽ䣬ĸҲͳ˻еǹһͳһһ빥ߡ
СġĬԱߵ֪һȻɿοֵӣԱ˹ȥ
飬ǹοֱǹĬԾԱ׵ĵط׼Է⶯еǹ
ǹ֮󣬶ԷӦˣʱǱߵҲ䵽ſڴ˲䱬ը
ĬղԾ˵ӣ䵽һ̨ĺ棬Ŷ㿪׵ıըſڵο־ûôˣǿıըըѪҷɣʵǲҲ̶á
Է˱μֵȴû뵽οɭ·ľȻ˵õĬʶΣԺҲ׷Ǳߡ
ĬɲôɷŹǣǹϵǣǹ֮Ӧ˵ϡ
ĬҪ˵ʱȴͻȻһԽҰԽҰǰһɲ˵˳ӵĺ棬濪ϳͬʱĳȴһֱǹͣɨ䡣
ΧӵɣĬҲðȻӻ̨վҲֻؿʣµϳ
ϳԽҰɿ췢ԽҰ𳵴ϵǹĬȴͻȻӻ̨ð˳ӻͳһԽҰǰ
Ĭǰ׼˵ģοɭҪʱעԼȫڼǱ֮ɱĬղѾʶΧΣԣҲͷһ䡣
һ죬ԽҰǰִը˿ըĳǳǿ󣬾ȻԽҰӲƷҲΪαըˡ
ʱοɭҲӴ˳˳ǹٶΧԽҰ
ϸղȥˣԽҰܹĸˣΪըɥһ˱ըˣһҲʧȥս
Ĭȷȫ֮æ֪ߣ֪鲻һǹ˫Ҳ׵ĵƬ˵úأæóֻͨ120ȵ绰
ܿ죬԰ǱߵĿ˺ͰԱΧ˹ҼأҿֻΧʮ׵ĵطۿʹΧȻմˡ
οɭ˼ȷ氲ȫ֮Ҳ¥˴ſڣοɭܱܵըѪģʱѾɥһɻ漴ת߿С̫ɶˣȻֵһɱⲻ˳ϹΪμҲƲ
С㣬û°ɡ˼æĬ֣ϳ˹Сղ¥ıըȻĬܹӦĳ棬ĳʵΣհȻǷǳĬİΣֱȷȻºŰһ
Ĭ΢΢һЦû£ľˡתĿοɭ˾ˣ֪ˣο֣Ҳըըˡ
û뵽Ů˾Ȼһ֡οɭмСǰһװΣȻڿҲˡ
ĬһЦûʲôģӦõġ
ܿ죬;ȻˣȻĬǷߣǾûа֮ǰǰץˡ֪ͶԷߣǱ͵˼ҽԺ



ڶʮһ ƽϢ
ѶУ˵˲ֻʲôԭ򣬼ᶨԼϹˣСƵı绤ʦҲָĬкܴμֵܵɣȣĬοкܴĳޣֺϹеĹϵɱοֵĶȫΣĬʱǹЮο֣οֱֵӵΣٴΣץɱּΪĬǵͬĬ֮Ҫɱڣ޷֤ݡ
Щ۵㱻ĬοɭʦɹˣһĬҪݺμңҲοɭ֣ȫûбҪַʽȥο֣ЩĬһģĬȫлܣûбҪǴˣĬҪɱڣȫͷ߲ǹ
ΪϴԼףĬһ¼¼Юοֵʱ¼ģοֳ¼˴˴ΰҪֱӵ֤ݡ
ΪСƺο֣ҲıʣΪ˸һعҲ򾯷֤СƵҰģ򾯷ṩ˲֤ݡ
ھϸ󣬾϶СƾĲ߻ģǽСץĬֻ԰Ĭ˳
鵽鲢Сһ˲߻ģ¼֮ǰƵƵһʮĺϵ˳˾Լ⣬ηϵóۣСж׼ɵοɭԤıһɵο֣һ԰ƵϹңһܻμҾ޶Ʋ
СƵĻ᱾ǺܲģֻҪοɭοһɵˣܹɿƽû뵽ǣοɭȻ¹к𣬶ΪؼǣĬɱָɵˣȶԼɷ¼ʱĹؼת۵㡣
οɭҲΪ˽⣬ӦñԺߵģοɭϵǳλЩűش¹ʷԾֻ۱ֻ۵ĸû顣
οֵĶŮ֪ĸԤıĺҲĸ׵ΪǳʹޣǰҪ󷨹ϳԼĸںСƼʱСֳĻں޺ͿҲԣһ취СƱ
Ͼǵ谡ȻĺɵģѪԵϵȴԶı䡣
ֻǣʵ̫СҸĸĹϵҲΪˣܸûʲôõİ취òͷοɭ顣
磬ξοɭļοɭɳϣοɭ
󲮣֪ʼնĴҲǻָʾôġˮƵ˵еĻǺһ߻ĺʿ
οɭСƷǳԼܸܵͲôìܣҲɥοɭʵ޷С
ӱϾοɭֶֶŮȻǰìʵڲ٣ǶΪСƵ䣬ʵûжٹϵ޹ӵİʱʵڲľܾ
ξ󲮳ĬҲ󲮣֪ҰܲƣҲˣǼڶˣͿҺͽķϣɡ
ĺСܹȥ̣ȻСҲͽֻ̣ҪϣоһУĸһӶڼ
Աߵ˼ҲǳͬܵĹϵǰæȰ˾ˣ鶼ȥˣͰǰɡ
οɭȼһ֧̣һڣҾæɣ˲ˣɵӰܶӣҰæҲͽ̡
æûϵֻҪܻ͹ˡ˵Ҳܲסʹ˳ӻ
ţллˡξҲЩ졣
ߺĬŴ¥˾ˣҺ˼׼ȥˣ˰׼ŻƱɡ
ҿǾͱȥˡοɭϵ߰ɣҲðҹһϼŵ񡣡
Ȼ˼ӵϼŵĹɷݣĬڻûȥչ¶¶ˣȥˣ˾ˣҶкܶҪԺ鴦ˣǻġ
οɭǳĬڵ龰ȻĬǼȻ˼ҲԼҲǿǵͷǺðɣ鴦˵ʱȥѧһЩ֪ʶ;飬ʱ԰˼ϼŵġ
ţҾѧĬ룬˵˾ˣһ󣬲֪ò˵
οɭһЦһʲôأڿǰ㵱ˡ
֪μҺϹǰìܲСҾǶǹȥˣǾͿ˼ķϣԺҪμˡ
ͲˣôһӶͳأοɭĿ䵽˼ϣ˼ȻҲϹҵĺˣҾ㻹ǲҪȥϹңһϹҲܽ㣬⹫Ը
˼ͷ˾ˣģҲϹҵģֻԼμҵĺˡں⹫˾ദʱ˼ҲȷʵǵˣȻμҺϹļ壬ԼȫûбҪȥм䡣
ڶԹĬͺ˼һȥ˷ɻϷɻǰοɭĬҪúչ˼Ҫڿ֮һҪ̽Լ
Ϸɻ˼ȻþòƽȻֻ̨һ£ȴһﾭ̫̫飬ͻȻ뿪оȻЩ˸С
ĬһֹƼĸоΪ̨вҪʱ䣬֪мô飬ȥе¶¶ûʱ䡣
ʱ¶¶䣬Ĭ¾һΣ¶¶ڿǻа滹ںţԼʱȴߣʵЩԲסǡ
Ľѩ㣬ԼϴδӦҪģ˼նȥһˣԼҲûгʱ˼ҡ
˼һ·Ҳһ˿ο˼ҵĸˣμҵҲˣԺҲƽȡ
˼ʲôأĬס˼֡
˼ͷ΢΢Цһ£ڵȻˣһûпˡ
裿Ĭ΢΢һ£ŷӦ˼˵Լ裬һЦ˼ǰҰн㡢ȴҪôƺǣЩΪ顣
С㣬ȥôأ˼ʵ
ĬʵȰ¶¶鴦ɣϾĺӲˡ
˼˵ͷҲǣúúǼ̸̸
о飬ܰһǵģһǾæɡ
ҽ㣿˼΢΢һ㶣Ĭ˵ϹΣɵ̾һ֪ЩôôڲμϹҲ
Ҳûа취飬еһӶ׷ȨĿǳֻ۹ԼΧϡĬǰڲЩúþӪõࡣ
⵹Ҳǡ˼Ҳ׵Ϊʲô͸Ұְֻ⹫ˣҪǸǣ⼸ʮҲڷжȹ
ͱ𣿡Ĭʵ
׾УҲòŰֽͱơ˼ҽҲϣϾϹ˵һ¡
صСѾˣ¶ҪȥӭĬģΪ˰ȫ룬ĬڼŮŷӭĬ뷨
տСſڣͼŮڴſڼɽǰĳϣŮӽæͣĬ֡
˾ԾذͣŮǰĬմһ˹һ§סĬĲӣСӣڻˣ
һɵ˱ǶѾһûиˣĬһҸĸо
¶ҲߵĬԱߣ΢ЦǶЩ˰ɡ
ĬĿ䵽¶ϣɫϴκ˲٣ƺҲЩˣرɫĿ·£Ե¡һ󼤶æס¶֣¶¶ʱûߣǶԲס㡣
¶˻ЦҲŨŨ⣬˵ĻֻҪƽʲôá
ˣȻؼҰɡ˵ţһԱߵ˼һ¶֣ȥˡ
صĬһɵĸоҲΪǴα̵ľɣÿԶؼңһرܰĸо
˼̸һ·ĸϸʱĸȴǰĬе˷
С㣬¶¶ˣ׼ô㣿ĸʵ
Ĭȥ¶¶ңú˵˵ɣӦû¶¶ҵġ
ʵĬȥ¶ĸú̸̸ˣʱȷʵæֱڲʱ¶С棬¶ĸҲûֹ˵ͬԼŮġ
ȻĬ֪Ҫ˵¶ĸһЩŵЩŵ˼֮ûгͻǾڲܰյˣһжȼ˵ɡ
ǿҪӭȢ¶¶ĸ̾һҪȢ¶¶˼ô찡Ȼ˼ã˼ʮ꣬Сչ˼Ѿ˼ԼŮڶȴܸ˼ҸʵЩ
Ȼûаֲ¶ϣϾ¶ﻳӣ֪Լ¶ʱȴǶ¶չȼӡ
ֻίһ˼ˡĬ뵽ԼŵԣһΣ裬ģһᾡȫչ˼ģί
ƺҲ벻ˣԺôŮãҲ֪ûоչ˹
ĬҲȷԼܲʱչ˹ǣ֪κһŮ뿪ԼˣԼҲԼߣǵҾΪɣֻҪ໥ܹƽദʲô鶼ý˵֮仹໥չˡ
Ĭ⻰ΪԼҽڣ˵Լ뿪¶¶¶¶ܶʱչˣҪܰȥԺκ鶼ð졣
Ҳ˵ˣ˼һЩȻҿɲ㡣ĸ׵
Ǻǣģ˼ţҿ϶á
ءĸװĬһۣ㲻ôģ鶼ˡ
Ĭæĸ׵֣Цӯӯ裬һܶ鶼ɼģҲûа취
˺ô˵ôίǰû취ĸ׵ˣȥŪˡ
ȥ㣬Զָ¶¶ˡĬ˵ţ͸ĸȥ˳



ڶʮ ԧԡ
Ĭһ¥СĬͶŵ¡ʫһ̸
С֪ͬ໥֮ĸҲ㲻ܸҸĺѰ㡣ʫȿڣһ¶Ȱ棬˵Ļƺû˿á
ϻΪһµķָŮĬһЩʵȴ෴ŮûмٶĬİڶĬ˼УÿνӵĬ绰ʱϲþõ֤
˶ԴҲΣǻǲܽʵĬ֮Ĭһú̸һ顣
裬ôܸҸСܹңѵС˵ؿĬϣҪҲܺһҲŲκҸء
Ĭ§סļҲ˵ựȻҲȷܰоչ棬ҾԻᾡԼŬչġ
ֻǣǲ뿪¶¶ǣµʱǲܺƽҲȰ滹£һʱԼҵľУʱһͻᷢⲢеãʱȵһⱩ¶ˣǳ¾Ͳʰˡ
ﲻ°ŬѾ˼úϸˣԺ϶ڵѡòŵġ
϶٣ҾƽԴÿһ˰ɣȡ໥ԴסĬΪ¶¶Ǻúദʱ򲻵ìܣһǵĽ⣬ҲͿ໥չˡ
˵úɣûо飬˭֪չ򰡣仯ǺܿģǿЩ޽֮ǰôΪһЩͥ¶ֵòɿֻ顣ʫϻһ˵ǻһһޣ໥֮䶼˴ı仯ֹϵʵЩǰ
һݣ輸ϵ̵ȼһ֧Ƶ
ĸҲ˵ЩԼ˼ȷʵܵ˭֪ʱ䳤֮Լ᲻ֹϵеᷳأͷĬ˺һᣬ˵ҲûʲôԺϲˣ˳ˡ
Ĭ塢ựҿɣһܹһֱҸǾһֱһɣԺᷳҾͰԭԭػǡ
ô𡣡ʫϵҪԺ˺ӣǺô죿
һʱ䣬Ǳ֤ʱڲҪӡĬҲԼӦøһ·ҪԺĲϲˣֻҪԼûкӣҲǿ˳ġ
ţС˵öԡŸ͵ҴӦǣǿʼһʱ䲻ҪӾˣҳڿǺӵ顣
³һ˵ֻһ㻹ҪӦǣκγϹǵϵҲ˵ֻѡ
Ĭ֪µͼҿͷˣҪñ֪ǧԼĹϵǻҵȥģһŮֹϵ⵽𺦡
ĬҲԼֹϵ֪ʵǶ̫ƽˣϾŮӶϣõһֵģԼ˵Ĺϵܹ
ĬһʱҲ֪ôش⣬ֻаѯʵĿͶ棬棬أ
ֻҪܺһʲôԸ⡣һЦǺίģ˽Ӧöҡ
ȻˣǾһʱɡҲԵŮЩΣǱôӦҪ󡣡
ţ˵ɡҸ΢Ц
һ˼·˵һ֮ڲҪӣһ㣬ҲΪǵĺ·룻ڶǲ֮ܰĹϵ߱ˣΪǵ룻Сģ㲻ܵκίҪίҲֻǵֹϵ
˼һᣬͷǺðɣһڶҶӦǡĿͶĬСҰ˵ʲôûУԺܵκίȻСӾˡ
ĬҲͷ塢ựҿ϶úöԴġ
΢΢ͷȻˣҲûʲô˵ˣǺΪ֮ɡ
ô˵ǴӦҺСĹϵ˷ܵñȥһ˵ְĻϰ֡裬ãһһ
⺢ӡʫϺݺݵصһۣǿǶˣʱĪǾͱҺϰֵûΪ롣
ѾǳΪˡǻãԺˣҲܹǣֻСӡ
Ĭֻ֪˵˵ҲûĻֻǰȻ޷˵ظңԺ͵úöԴҪĺˡ
ˣȻطɣǻлС˵µ
ϰ֣ǻҪ˽µҪ󰡡ƤЦҿҾͲùȥ˰ɣԱţԺҲø֤
ʲô֤أҪ˵㻹Ȼطɡ
ߣһҪ˵ҵĻཿɰС죬ȹȥˣǲҪ̫Ϊ⣬ʹŻؽŲԼȥˡ
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Ҳܹ㣬ҲΪ˾źġµʵҪ˵Բǣ̫ˡ
˵ǴҶûдʫϲڵȻѾչˣǻһ½ɡĬĳ˵С⣬˽ģȻѡ˸㣬ǵҲûʲô˵ģֻϣԺúöܵί
Ĭصͷһġ
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ʫϲԺʲô飬Ӧüʱ̸Ͼһ˾Ͷһ⡭
СʱĬŻصԷһߣ͹סĬֱۣСҰ˵Щʲôأ
ĬЦЦʲôҪԺúö𣿡
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ָָĬĶͷСӣӵұ
֪ʱǣú˵˵ĬҴأ˯Ҳȫܹ˯µġ
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Ҹϲڵӡ¶ڵڵӿ˹İǰȫǸç򡣡
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Ĭ˵۵û⣬ǰǸòԼеģòԼӵеģ׶ԼŮϲĸϲԼ
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У㻹ת졣¶ͻȻһ㶫ʱС㣬Ůʽڿأ˼İɡ
Ŀ͸ȥڿԼģߵúȴǷǳˣСӻĶãҰ
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ȥġ¶һѣʱҺС㻹죬ȻЩ˼ˡ
¶ЦЦĶݣЩռʱɵЦѾͷԭϲС˰ôʱأ
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Ȼȴ͵˵ݺݵصĬһۣҪܵôί
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ҪǵһµūһҪʲôͱʲô
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¶ҲεĿͶĬȻĬ⣬ܹٱһΡ
ҵȻϲĬⲢΥĵĻھôȷʵϲ¶¶֪ǲǻģֻ֪ԼĲ¶¶뿪Լ壬̣ǾͰ¶¶չ˰ɣһᾡԼŬõġ
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ôܱ֤Ҹ¶æ˵裬ֻҪҺСһ𣬾ͻҸģǷľˡ
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ǶĻ˵ˣֻϣԺܹúöԴ¶¶Ҫί
¶ҵļĬڱ϶һľ룬Ͼ⻹Ҫ¶ĸĸܣȻ˽ĬǶǳã˾ǣͲĲˡ
˴ơԣżǱߵСë棬ӵǹÿ֣˯ʱĬΪ˲ܵ䣬¶һ˯Լ˯Աߵķ



ڶʮĻ Сõ
磬˲Ŵ̨԰صСصУԼ临ϰΣΪ˸һϲĬûſھͺĵõķ䡣
ԤϰΣĬȤͻᲽߵõĺ棬ס˫ۡ
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Ĭɿ˫֣Цӯӯô͸µˣϷʵûʲô
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Ҳ㷢ˣ۹⻹ĬԱߴϣʵСãʱѧϰô
ùĬԱߣ˵ðɣǸоЩ⽲⡭
̸һõѧϰĮ֮̆еϸڣĬЩʲôܣʵʲôʵϸµظ˴𰸡
֪˼ӵڼҲ֮զզҲ̫˰ɣвƱ򻹶ࡣ
Ĭ̾һɩӵĸ׿Ϊܾ˿ѣô԰вƱ
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ô˵ҲɩˡöԼŮĸĹϵҲϽˣЦ磬ô˶ظ㣬ǵĸĸԡ
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ǺǣȻˣôŮҪչˣҲ֪Ժææù룬˵磬ԺǲǸý˶ɩӰ
ڼﶼԽɩӣʱ򣬾ֻƺ¶¶һɩӰɡĬô˵Ҫƫ¶ΪѾˣӦôƺ˼棬Ϊ˱Ҫ鷳ԭĳƺá
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Ĭ΢΢һæҶôŮˣﻹټӡ
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ĬæȻᣬΨһĺá
˭ҲҵΨһȴΨһֵҲкôǵɩӵĲúϲ
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ôɩӺ͸ɵż㡮С㡯ʲôʱ֣ˣﵽ˳
Ĭ²Щ飬˼ڽȷʵԼС㣬ĸҲڲԼ֣ö֮ȻСЩˣĲΰãǵֻǸȡСˣʵҲôҵġ
ŶЦЦС磬ֵǲ𣿡Ĭһᣬɻ磬ܸо͸ɵǶʶ˺ܶ꣬оǶ㵱׶ӡ
ǰиӣǰΪƷˡ
˵ǰǶֱôֱ滳Ƕ긽ˡ
ĬĿɵòһ£æͶãϲ࣬Ʋ˵ĻŰһæԿЦ˵ҪǱ긽ˣ㻹𣿡
ǺǣҲŲءЦҪ긽ôܶôã˵΢΢ƫĬסĬֱۣô˵Զҵĺø硣
Ĭ̾һû˵ʲôֻǾ⡣
¶ˣһѧڣҲΪ˵һµѧϰټԸһȥѧУҲŰһѧڣڽ˶ңڵڼˣˡ
ĸĸҪؼȥסģ߱Ǳȶˣ϶ǴĬ߼ֻżŹȥһΣºʫϷǳΡ
¶УΪ˸ĹػϵʱĬǶǺһ˯˼涼֪¶ڵ¶ԴףǾĬҪЩ¶
磬Ĭӵ˳Ƶĵ绰Сðɡ
áĬʵƽ㣬Ǳߵôˡ
ҵȶˣżȴЩ鷳С˵Ķ˦͹룬óżʱĹɷݷǳȶ
ĬǰҲͨý֪˳żŵ飬ϹڵĶ˦ʽʹóżŵĹɷڶʱµ˲٣µԸֶɷݣȻֶۣ˷Լ׬ͬʱóżŵĹɷݼȶʹùԳżŵĹƱкܴķʶܶ඼˷˳żŵĹƱóż˲Сʧ
Ϲǿ԰Ϲ϶۵ЩɷģϹεĴʽڳżŵĹɷУòֽϹӵеЩɷݣҲֻڳﵽʽ֮㡣
ĬϹҵһЩʧȻٽķ
ţҪǵİæƵ׼͊κ쵽Ƕһˣ֪ʱǷ𣿡
Ĭаǵ뷨֪Ϲ˼Ľ㣬˼ı㣬Ȼİˣοǹһˣ˼Լ׼ҵ˼һ棬ǵȻ㣬Ǻˡ
Ǻãҵʱڸ绰



ڶʮ 
ڹ˵绰֮Ĭֽӵźĵ绰źĬȥȫһˣһǰơ
ĬȫֵʱСͻѾΧ߸ˣΪϤȻĽѩˣĽѩʱһɫװԵЩ࣬ƺ˼ʲô顣
ĽѩĬæĿ䵽ϣ˵Ŀý֯һ𣬶Լͬ¶һŵЦ
ĬĽѩԱߵһλĽѩ㣬˺һ˰ɡ
ҲǸյ
ļ䣬ʽʼˣֻź˵쿪һСͻ飬һǴһڽϵĲأһS鱨ֺϹں
ڵľ˵ǵĲҪڽʡһЩڰϹڽõıѩţĿǰЩǻܹ׿סġ
źڰѽϵһĸſְ֮ѻS鱨ֺϹҺϣϹںS鱨ֵĺԽԽˣS鱨ֲڰе֧ϹڣSļھϴ֧ϹڣʹϹڴԶֶιżţԳżŵĹɷ˾޴Ķ
źһڲˮ˵Ȼ⾭ϵǰȫֵǹܲ˶ٵģĿǰֻҪżͦѹأϹھͲųݺϹΣʱ̬ͺˡĿͶĬСͳơϹһЩʲô
ĬӦϹҲѰľ֧ԮھϣϹȷʵϹ̫˺ȷʵӦÿһ֯Ϲʹİ취
һȫԱҿھͰϹץɣ˽вᰲŽһܹüꡣ
ź˼Ϲ治СЩСץҲܹٴηųʱǷ鷳
һᣬֵɴֱӰɱˣ¶ˣҲΪһ˺Ϊѡ
Sǰ㰵ɱˣS鱨ֿ϶ԵҹѰ飬ʱ»鷳ź˵ˣֻS鱨ֵһӰˣǾS鱨Ҳҵһˡ
ֻҵܹϹ̵ܹдĽѩϺ·ǳСģҪץסİѱ治һ׵顣
ϹڵǲμſϮģһϹ̣ǴֱĻʹͺ½ûΪκ֤ȫҪһͲһ׵顣
ҿҲѡźֻҪռS鱨ƻǹҰŽʱͿɱʲôϹεİɱжǶġź㻻һϹʱΣ״̬˵Ӧöʵı
źĿͶĬ˵СϹαȽ죬ԺϹߵøһЩɣһԶбԴ֪ϹڵĶ򡭡
Ĭʱ䱾úչ¶ģڱϾعȻ֯񽻸ԼԼȻӦǵͷţǺʱһϹαʾģԸԸҪҰæǾͿԼˡ
źְĿͶĽѩСܣҪǸССʲôҪæģ㾡æɡ
Сʱ϶ΧϹҺS鱨ֵġɢĬĽѩȻһ
СʱæҶûмӰˡĽѩȻ˵ɣȴǳƣԼΨһĶˣʧа㣬Լȴֻܰ˼ôܲƣ
Ľѩ㣬ǰʱûгʱ俴㣬ǶԲ𡣡
ĬضȥĽѩһģǰΪ¶¶黨˲˼մӦŮҪúôǣϾҪʱȥŮӣʵЩ̣˵ֱ죬żĽѩ
Ĭûȫ֮ǰӦҪĽѩڶˣԼȻ涼ûкһΣǳΡ
˵ʲôԲأĽѩǳǳһЦ֪ʱæһҪչ¶¶ûʱҲǺ顣
ܹͺáĬЦЦ׼ô棬ұ֤뿪벽
ʵ¶ǵĽǶ˵ĬǲӦõĽѩģĬǴӦҪģǺԼ빲֪¶˼һ£Լʵھ̫ˡ
ǣѵᡣĽѩ
ʲôأĬһЦǶ֪Ǻýܣô᣿
ȻǽˡĽѩ˶٣ֲҲгһɡ
Ĭ¶¶ж㣬ǲҪĺã䣬ǻǴСӰȫ
ĽѩֻԵĬһ£ʵֺγĬԼأȻϾҺú죬߰ɣȥ
ϳ⳵ĬֻˣģС㣬أʲôʱĬһе£ͲԷˡ
ʲô°׷ʵ
Ĭɣʵʵ˵ϴҴӦĽѩҪ㵥ģ˳һԶ
Ŷ²ЩСߴղѾ˺ܾڻҪףա
ҲʵҵһŵɡΪ˲¶룬Ĭֽ͵ǻ׼̸һ㹤ϵ飬Ҫú̸һµġ
Ҳ˵ʲôֻ˵Ǻðɣ㲻ҪĬʲôģڱ˻ȥ
СŮ׷ȥ˰ɡĽѩԿЦ˵ڷ˰ɣŮ̫Ҳһ£һµʱ䶼ûС
ĬεЦЦʵҲûʲôֻǴ绰ʰˡ
ʣҿڲͣءĽѩҲ֪ȥ᲻ᱻʣҪҾ̫Բˡ
ĬæᣬǷˣŮҪúöԴһҪúöԴܲŮѾǽ˰ɡ
⻹ࡣĽѩݸһЦ仰Ҿˡ



ڶʮ 
ģŲӣĬʵĽѩ㣬𣿡
ûжҹ½ְɡ
ĬĽѩϴյź˵Ǻã˵Ҫģѡ㡣
ǹǱȥ·ɡĽѩ˵ţ˳סĬֱۡ
Ĭ΢΢һûǸĽѩǰĻ̳ȥˡһĽѩԵ÷ǳȻа̾ҺĽѩС£
̳ǣǸַεר꣬˿ʽﶬװſڴģضĴԱͣŹع˿̳ͣԵ÷ǳ֡
ĬĽѩһѥר꣬ѡ˳ͲƤѥĽѩùһ˫ڵ÷ƤѥЬǰ˱ȵЬô
ӦúԸСĬ㴩һأЧô
ĽѩҲһԵ뷨ǽЬڽһϿڴȻ󴩵ȥ֮ǰչʾһ£оֽһֻˡ
ĽѩվĬǰ΢Цһ°ɡ
ЧǳáĬ´Ľѩ޳߸ѥԵøӸԸУرǷװ˿ʮŮζĽѩ㣬㴩Ь̫ƯˣҿͰɡ
Ľѩ΢΢̣¶һЦţҲòãҾˣǳǮǺǣ˵߰ѳѥȻۻԱ鷳ЬӰá
˳ѥĬָĽѩһ˫Ͳ˿һĶװĽѩǱµ꣬ԿЦ˵㶼ôˣȥǱ߿£װξˡ
ĬȻЩףǲûоܾҲĽѩµ꣬Ҳһеķζµ꣬ĽѩΪ˲Ĭ̫ˣǵˣ㻹ҰɣԼѡˡ
ǺǣҲ԰οĬûͣ²ǼĽѩչʾ
Ľѩû˵ʲôֻЦЦʱĸоĺܺãҪСܹԶ˿ԼߣǸöã
ֻǣѾ˶ˣô̫ദĻ᣿
뵽ɵתĿ˿ĬʱĬǡðĿͶ˹˵Ŀ⽻֯һ𣬾ȻЩΣ漴Ŀƿˡ
ĽѩͻȻЩӿ죬Ҳ֪Сеʲôλ¶еĵλô
Ľѩ㣬ϲɫġȻǵһκĽѩĵطĬԸ̫ĬΪĳϣԼֵԽɣξԼԽԶ
ۺɫİɡĽѩһۺɫc֣ϸشš
ĬҲ˼ٲ廰ˣвЩ룬˼¶¶ʹõb֣ĽѩزȷʵС
ѡֺĽѩѡһɫڿ㣬ڽۻԱúźĬһȥ̨
ǩְɡԱƱݹʱԱһ䣬ŮƯ
Ĭ΢΢Цһ£ҲûзԱĻñǩԼ֡
µ꣬Ľѩ˵ҲˣȥԷɡ
ȥ鱦꿴𣿡ĬЦڰѴˣװƷһûأ
ǣСӻ治³ѪĽѩЦȻ㻹ǾȥǱ߿ɡ˵ţһǣĬ֣Ǳߵһ鱦̳ȥˡ
鱦̳ǧƽף鱦̳Ĭʱоһ߹֮ӿ˹İ׽Ʒ׹ˮɵשʯ׹Ŀۻҡ
Ĭɵ˵һκĽѩֵʱǴԼҲȥ鱦ֻ꣬Ǵȴ棬滹ͻ˰ˡ
һξǴˣѾԼչĹϵĽѩҲԼĬипѡ
ȥǱߺɣҸõʯĬ
ˡĽѩЦЦˣҲϲ̫Ķ
ĽѩⲢǺĬ⣬Ȼϲ磬ȴϲ̫صĶһ˸оӹף˷Ѳ
ĬҲǿĽѩǺڹ̨ѡһᣬĬϸɵİ׽ǶĽѩ˵Ľѩ㣬ô
Ľѩ˵ͷ԰ɡ
ĬָָۻԱС㣬鷳Ұóһ¡ۻԱ˵۹⣬¿ʽģСڰĬ˵ʱһ䣬֤ŮѴϻƯ
ĬһЦҺĽѩĺһ£Ȼô˭˵ŮأӹĽѩЦ˵ŮѴƯˣҸһԣ
ǣСӿķ˰ɡĽѩ¶һĵЦݣ˫峺ãҪҲôİұ֤ζЦѡ
ĬаĽѩһôµ˭ԸҪŮѰֻѾ˼ǣȻұ֤׷
͵һͷȻ¶¶涼Ը״̬ңĽѩ᲻ԸҲҺأ
Ľѩҵ̬Ȼϲң־ô飬Ҫһ㣬϶Ըҵġ
ǣܲƵظ˼ӽðɣⲻܸĽѩҸǵҸ٣
ʲôأĽѩĬæָܷܷ˵ĬĶͷɵСӣҴһЧΡĬŻæ׵ĽѩĲϣȻתר־ΪǳΧκ˿˶Ϊһ¡Ľѩǰ￴ʱ龰мΣȻİͷĬļͷϡˣ̧ͷҿĬ˫ַĽѩļϣϸϸĶƯĬˮĽѩ㣬ȻЩ٣һǵףտ֣С㣬лл㡣Ľѩ˫ۺĬĬĬۿƺỨ
ĽѩǺӣĬҲͻȻЩ鶯ǵһκĽѩֵĳǱҽԺ飬ǺһȥϺξǸ˱߶ޣǺһӪСëľգǺȥɽľһĻԺзӳš
ͻȻ֣ĽѩԼеĵλԲ¶¶ͣƱŮڶԴԼʱֻ֪ȴûõرĸʱ;ǣǴӪСëҪðΣպԼһȥ
֪Ľѩ˼ȴʹԼܸҸ˿̣˽ʱΨһľΣ
ͻȻһǿԸȻһǶԼ˵㲻ʲôǶĽѩ˵ȴЩɼҸ
ĽѩҲƺĬ˼Ըе촽زţС㣬ң𣡡
Ľѩ֪ĬıǰΪϰһֱƺĬΪСΪ˱ʾԼ֮УҲĿڽˡ
ĬҲܲסеУȥܾһ鶯˶ĽѩĽ§˹Ȼ˫ӡĽѩĶͷϡ
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ĬὫ촽оԼϢ촽ǻĽѩͷ´棬ĺϲĸоһΡ
ջסΪ֪ԼܸŮȫҸ
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С㣬ҽˡĽѩͻȻЩ졣
ʱԱͻȻһ漴һΧЩֵ˷ġ
ĬĽѩʶĳأΧˣȻֲԼͬһ𣬶˼ЦЦ
ʱһʮߵ˵Աߣò˵С㣬Ǹղǵĳǳ飬ǵʾѣ˾Ϊǵ´ˣ֪ǿ򣿡
ĽѩɬЩǺ죬æˣֻ㶫ѡ
ĺܺáӲģر㣬ȵǶƯˣϣܵ鱦ĴˣǻΪ˸ǲƵıġ
ĽѩȻЩ죬ô˰ҡͷллĺ⣬ǲ£ҲûⷽȤ
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ӼʵڲԸ⣬Ҳֻܷʵϧˡ
鱦꣬Ѿߵˣһķζ˼ζ˳
Ľѩһڲˮ˫ĿͶĬԺûб˵£ҾͽСˣ㲻Ὠɡ
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ĽѩɫȴԼػһ˿ȻǰʱǸҪأСС̶жʮĸˣȻԼܹȵġ
Ľѩɫ仯ûӹĬ۾Ĭ֪Լ˵˻æЦĽѩ㣬УҴСĽ㣬ֻʶԵְһˡ
ʱȷʵǸһĳЩȴ໥ĸ鷢ʵķԾ˵ԼĽѩ㾭Щ빲ĳ棬˵Լ¶¶ǴҰɱ棬ٱ˵ԼڵϾǴؾ־Ȼûжʱ䣬ȴ໥֮ĸ鷢ʱ䡭
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ĬһЦȻˣ㻹ǵǵһγʱ鱦ۻԱʱҲǳ£
ǣСǴ˰˭ࡣĽѩ
Ĭ˼ټ̸⣬תƻĽѩ㣬˷ô棿
ȥKTVɣþûгˡ
ðҲþûȥˣ÷һ¡



ڶʮ߻ Ľѩ
KTVС䣬һЩˮСԣ졣
ĽѩһںƣԻõĿͶĬӣСĴ㣿
˵һ¡Ĭ΢ЦԺ᲻ѡҾͲȷˡ
Снֻ̤Сʲôʱ򷭴
ĬЦǾֻƽǸɴҲΪֻ߾ƽˡ
ĽѩĬ֮ŨҲûĻֻЦСӾȻ뷨Ͳ»ȥСѾͷҪ°塣
һôҰɣҶ䣬ǲҰô
Ҳˣһһֻ¾ͳƤˡĽѩ˵µĬ䣬ЩһǸˡ
Ľѩָ࣬ĬһܰĸоĽѩһôڣҪܶһǸöã
һĽѩ˰뱭ƣӺĬȻˬغȥǲ촽ľˮڵƹ⣬Ի˵òӽ޶ˡ
С㣬ԺдȥҸСȻ˼Ƕȥס𣿡ĽѩͻȻ̸ǴĬɽ̸ǻ⡣
ĬЦҲ뷨ء
ǺǣʱԤһ׷Ҳᵽס
ĬæȻãһ֣ҲԾҵĺýˡ
˵õǺĽѩ˫ĿĬ۾ϣƺĬ˼һ㣬ǲ֪СǲĻӭȥء
ұ֤ĳġĬһϡ
ҿ̫šĽѩһϷ̬ģҾܸоǲ˵Ļˡ
ĬһЦΪϼӰܹ֪ͨ£ͷţҪ飬ұ֤˵Ļ
ĽѩĬ֮ûŮбĸˣû˿ԥطŵĬţһͷţ滰ɡ룬ʵ˵˵ҪĽѩҲԸ⵱ŮѣӦôأ˵ʱȻĬؿڴ
ĬһĽѩɫǳ࣬²ЩԥĬ˺һᣬԸ⣬ҵȻᾡ˵¶¶ˡ
Ը𣿡
ȻԸ⡣
ǣС˵ĻҲ졣Ľѩ˵ĬĶͷ㿴˵ļٻ
ô˵ٻˣôءĬҲȷʵĽѩԼߣôһ֪ߣһ¡
ԸɣҲŲԸءĽѩ¶һõЦ룬ҪŮѣǶôҵ鰡ʱʱ̵̿õԼѵĹػҪŮԴס
ĬһЦǺϣ˵ģȻ㲻Ը⣬ǾֻˣһӵҲͦõ𡣡
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Ĭ΢΢һ㶣Ľѩ⻰ʲô˼׼ʻȴĽѩͻȻĬûзӦôµʱվͱĽѩִһڡ
һ˵Ʈ˹ϲĬþûζܿĽѩ˼
ĬճտĽѩ˫εһӿǴȥϺʱԼĽѩദԷ龰ʱĽѩ㲻ͱʾԸԼϵһԸֻʱԼĹĶ࣬ջؾܾ
ȻĽѩ̬ȴûиıʱиԼʾʲô
ԼĽѩܾ˫ΰ˫ۺͽԸеӣĬЩˡ
ĽѩҲĬ˫ĿתĬ۾һʱҲЩҡȻ֪ĬѾŮˣԼҲжδǰˣȷʵԼΨһĶ˰ԼֻҪܺһԼ͸оĪҸ
һīسɹŮˣã˻ϵĿľǿ֣ȻԼĬһʱܹӵп֣Լֺαȥںأ
С㡭Ľѩ촽ˮ˹ĬĶ䡣
ĬƺܵĳֹĶͲԼؿĽѩ˫ĽѩҲĬͼر˫ۡ
Ƭ촽պһ
ĬڸһĽѩ촽ԼͷĽѩů촽Уͷһ룬͸оһĿкһĺζĬӼ
ĽѩҲϵſͣӭĬͷĵ˫ۣ§סĬĲӣ˵ӳ׵ӵһ
ȻѾǹŮΣǶĬ˵һεĸоȴǳǿңϾһûнӴĵطһǶĽѩ˵ĵһΣӵкǿҵĸо⣬¸Ǽ޷ߺʱҲ˼Ƶĺơ
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ĬһЦʹأھȻ˵ռˣûֻۣЦӯӯ˭Ľѩôأ̲סһ¡
ߣ˵ôɣ˼ҵĳǣСӵҵĳҲ̫ںŶ˰ɡĽѩ룬ȴĬԼֱϰ뱭ȻƱɱ
˾ƱȻһ
Ľѩ¾ƱؿĬļͷϣĬ˵һϵѰɣһѵĸоᣬȴû˿Цζ
ĬĻЩڸղԼΪԼղðȻĽѩĳǣ᲻ɸĳأȻҪôܾܾ
Ĭ΢΢˵ͷֺȻ§סĽѩĽ
ֻ˽һϣ֮ǻǺýܡĽѩתͷϳһ˿ı顣
ʱĽѩ¶һ̬޳۽ëһһ촽ǳ޵ԸУκ˼˶Ϊ֮顣
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Ľѩѡĸ϶ŮԳ裬Ͳ󣬱ŶĽ࣬໥Գ
ʱصСĿռӳ޵ܰڳļ϶䣬ʱ໥Ŀ⣬һ˵һ
ĽѩǻЦ質ԽԽˣҿȫʵȥչ¶֡
ĬЦģȥչʾҲûж
ǺǣʱȲãҸϲ㵥ദĽѩ῿ĬĻУֿʼ˸質
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ڶʮ˻ ĵ
Ѿлҡ״̬ǵƹҫµͷܶŸֲ߰ͣӿš
ĬĽѩǣ֣ϣŽܶȻĽѩĵϵʱ䲢࣬ľԺЭԷͬˣڶǳжУټòĵƹ³Ե÷ǳԸ˿ʵƯ
ĽѩĶܿԱ߼Źӵע⣬һűըʽͷ͵ӻεĽѩĲ棬еŮһ˵ӻĬڵλü
Ĭ΢΢һüͷĿͶӣеιȥһ㣬ҪɧŮѡ
ŶǡӱܼĬĬô˵¸ŭӶʱͣѶݺݵĿͶĬСӣϸҹȻҸÿ
ģÿκŮֳˣŮҪ˵ϷϷ˻׶ĬпЦҪȥԺ󶼲Ҵڹ¶ˣȻ鷳ġ
ĬѾϰΪûŭ𣬶ǵȻ˵ص㡣
Ľѩ˰ѽŭţæĬ֣˵ˣǱ˼ƽϡ
Ĭ΢Цŵ˵ͷţҲСåƽϡ
裬˭Сåӻ䣬һץסĬؿڵ·׺ؽеǲҲȥ˭
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ĬĻţȴöĬ˼˫Ųһ¹˵ϣ£磬ҡҲ֪ѽġҰɡ˵Żͷþõĸ˵ϡ



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ڶʮ 
ڶ磬ƺͺÿĬңһǰģ˼׽ϹΡ
ȻǸٸǻĴ磬̬޲Ϊ֮ԡϹεĴͬʣǡôױѱʵװøǺõĳ°չ֣ǺԸеĳѥ˼ָ߹ͬʱȻ
˽ʱ¶˼ҲڿɳŵģøһݣСܵɳ˼Աߣϲ㣬
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Ĭ֪Ϲ˽һ˼룬صʵҵĶӹϵʷģǶͶԷΪУҾ˾οɭôΪģڸûкϹİ˵Һ˼Ǽˡ
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Ȼԡ˼ȥҰɣ
ߺ󣬿ɳϾʣĬͳƣ˲ԼͬذĿͶԷĿ֮󣬶ǻĵЦЦ
Ĭλƶһ£Ա߰׵ĵطеƽ㣬¹ûðɡ
ɫлһ˿Ȼʱ䶼æɺŵ񣬶ûжʱչá
ҲΪЩ̫ģܽȥģ;ȥɡ
Ѿٹˣ̯ʵ̫˵㣬ںܶ϶ҲֻܸϹġ⼸µľо˵˸УĺſĬļͷϴһ֪ĬԼǲܵģҲֻܰ뷨
ʱȶɡĬʵ
ҹаְ̫֡̾СˣڻʲôҲ֪Ժ֪󣬻᲻ʹҡ
ôʹأûʲôĬæ
ҪҵĴΪô³
һŮ˵˽Ůʵڲһʵ飬һһĬȻΪóһЩοƽ㣬Ҳ̫ˣǺ½ĲһҪһְ֣˵ʹࡣ
ɡ˫Ŀ˸м⣬Слл㣡
ĬЦЦҿʲôأֻϣܹÿһЩ
ǻǹȥķյģԺ϶ԽԽġƶ˶٣ֵ˵ҵ飬Ҳ˵˵ɣСѾͷƺѾ벻ˣԺ󵽵״ôǡ
ĬµľˣĺѰðԼ̬ȱĬһŵˣҲǣԺ󵽵ôչǾ˳Ȼɡ
ѵǶ㣿ϻһ˿˼ı飬ϾᣬһѾˣǼŮôܶĬ
ĬԸ⣬Ҳ޳ɡ
޸ǲǳƸ̾һ֮Ҳ˳˼СĬãתƻСǹȥɡ
Ĭ˵ͷҲȥ˶ʱ䣬¶岻ô㣬Ҫʱߡ
вЩǰ˿ŮҪչˣһڸǻĺӣ֮£Լеĵλʵǲࡣ



ڶʮһ 
磬ĬϹκͳһȥ¼ң̸һºϹҲ˹ʶǳżҪʽע룬ſṩһЩȻҲҪ˲ٵĺô
ڶ죬ĬŮһȥ¶ңں־ϸ̸һ־ҲӦϹεĺ
ϣԷ¶һΧĬ
С֮ҪǣҿǱǵɫԻ˰ɡ˫۳Թŭ
棬˼ˡĬһ޹氲ŸҵȻӦúúǵĹ˵ˣϹڶݺңѵͲӦеıӦ
ŬϹڣҲòźһȥɣȫԷͷжġ
ؼȵİϹҵȫ˽Ҳر׼ȷϢĬ͵
ðɣðɣһȥˡ¶þǵգȻǿɲŹ㡣
ĬһЦôأ
һ֪˼֮ǰҲвٹ°ɡȥ֮϶취㣬ʱҪǾܲסգߺߣ군ˡڵ˵
ǷģҲģұ֤һ˿ĬûаŮľ浱ɸһŮֻϲһ˵£Żŵʱľ
⻹С¶뱣֤˿
ʲô𣿡ĬСߴһ䣬ŮȻæðɣðɣʲôӦǡ
⻹࣬Ϲһ¶˵ţһĬϡ
ߣǰôȣҵݰ˵ţҲһĬϡ
ŨŨ⣬ĬһҸ˫쿪¥ŮļͷϣЦҵСҿԺȫбҪȥŪһŴ˯ң˯м䡣
㡣Ĭһۣ˵ҹȥ˯ˣҲ˯ɡ
С㣬ȥɣ㶼ûкú¶ĻЩж¶¶ҵĺýãԼˣ롣ͬʱȴĬıЩǴǴӻĵϻСӾʹûкúң˵ƫأߣֱǸƭӡ
Ĭ¶ģ¶ô˵ЩΪܲڵ¶ɡĿͶ棬ƤЦ˵棬¶¶һ˯أҿͦģ
ͷݺݵĬһۣҲŲҪ˯ء˵ţȥˡ
С㣬ȥɡ¶ĬһѣҪ̫ˣкܴԹģⲻ̼ƻǵĺгϵ
ʵ¶ֺγĬԼֻ߰Ȼѡһ֣˺ǷĬ׼ʱĬϻ϶֪Ȼû˵ʲôеĲƽȴԽԽ࣬ҪٲĬȥ棬µʱƻڵֺгϵ˺Լĸ顣
ĬҲһˮƽĵȻ¶¶ô˵ˣôܷԣǵǺðɣҹȥ¶¶ú˯ɣʲôҪʹҵĵ绰
ûʲôǰʱÿ춼һ˯ء¶΢΢һЦ
ţҹȥˡĬһ¶Ķͷس˷š
棬һšĬһ·š
Ҷ˯ˣʲôԵЩ
ĬЩͳ֪ЩˣʱԼȷʵЩ棬Լ˵Ҫչһӵģ˵ҪͬԽģȻԼûεͬʱӼᶨҪ뷨ŵˣҵСŰɡ
ȻǺĬ
ҪǲţҾøͣĬˣֲͣûŷš
ʵ޷ϵҲȷʵһĬǾΥᣬջǹ˷ţһţ͸ĬһԹ񣬡Сӵʲô
Ĭûд𻰣һ»εȻع˷ţһ§סӣЦҵĺñˣҽϺú㡣
ߣ˭ϡŬһ졣
Ĭֻ֪ǺԼС֣ƽϣͻȻһһֻ§ȴһֻֻϣͻȻӱ
СӸʲôôĬļ
ȻǱϴˡĬ˵ţ汧˴ϣȻһ˵ϡ
С쵰Ҫء滰û˵꣬;͸Ĭ˫סˡ
ֿһᣬҲټֿ˫ֲֻѾ§סĬӣ͸ǺĬҵ
ֿ촽˫ۻһЩԹĬʱ㣬Ϻúò㡣
еġҲٺĬˣһЦ˵Ҫôҡ
ҽˣҪʲôҾʲôĬ
Ǻǣ룬˵ȸһȫĦ˵ţͷ˴ϡ
Ĭ΢΢һ̣ѾͷܣȻҵĦʦʹáûоܾҪѵЬƨϣĺ
ţˬһ㡭
һĬĦֵ֮Щһࡣ˵߷˫ŷĬĴϡ
Ĭţද֮ʱ˫Ŀϸش˫Сţһ˫СĽŶǽֺǳԲ󣬽ֺϻƯָ׻־ϸ̵ĸ߹УűԵЩ΢΢Ĺһ˵Ļȣѩ׵ļӨ൭Ѫĵ׺һһ˫СŶĬͻȻСŵ
ҽŶܺÿɡע⵽Ĭ̬ĬᰴĦͬʱҽžȻطĬϡ
СѾͷĳÿĬȻô˵ȴϸ㴥С
֪ܶкӶģС㣬𣿡ͻȻʵ
ĬĿһԼȷʵŮӵĽЩϲǰں˼ˣʱԼǳϲŪĽŶǴڰСȡϵļʱԼԥĽŶڸŵʱԼܴи֣ܵԼİð
ĬΪԼֻЩ΢ϲڴﵽ˵̶ȡĽŶôƯҵȻϲˣһۣЦЦ֪ġ
ϵ̳ЬƷʱͲСĽöΡЦ
һĬİĦ֮΢ЦҲ˰ɣҲ㰴ĦĦ£Ҹñ
ĬȻԸܵĻˣæ˵ڴϣİĦ
ûи˰ĦǰĦʵЩһ㣬ĬȻˣϵ⣬ϵĸܰ
Ħʮӣ͸оЩˣһ˵Ĭϣ˵ˣ˵˵ɡ
ĬֹסԼӣ§סĽ棬ȥҲ֪ʲôʱڼҪúչԼҪСȻƲӣΪ˷ֹϹԷǳֶζԸԼĬʵڲǳȥҲǴɽİ¼ٴη
֪ˡЦڼʵЩİҲ֪ľʲôʱܽ
ĬҲҪǹȥһ˰ȰϹڳˣǾͿԹɵˡ
Ϲǿɶ񣬻һûйϼ׽ӡһǶС״̬¶ȹģģϹڡһתʵһӦøмҪǵҪвңҲҵ߰ǴЮҵʱҡ
Ĭ룬ҪĵҲӦøмˣ飬һһܹء
γȥˣҪϴһȥһ¡ѵ
ţʱ϶̫áĬȻȷ鵽Ҫʱ䣬¶¶ĶԽԽˣԼҲܳʱڼ鲻ܺܿԼҲӦ;гʱǵġ
Ǽͻ룬˵֮Ҳٰﰲȫָˣʵ̫Σˣһܵʱ䡣
ʱٿɣⲻܾģϾǰﰲȫְ¡ȻĬҲִиۣȴֵãһԴЩʮˣ޹ˣ¶¶Լ˾𣿡ˣ˯ɣ컹ء˫ۣȴþò˯ȻⲻһκĬӵˣȴһκڴͬ˯²ЩԺҲǻǴڻĵ౧ĳ档
Ǵ·˯ɡܵͣȻмɬ
Ĭ΢΢һЦȻˣһռˣǾͱˡ
ǣľͷҲ֪ռ˼ұ˰˵ţֽĬ·
ĬЦЦҲ·ܿ죬˾ͳ壬ӵһ𣬺͸ղŵĸоʵкܴĲǲм뼡ůŮ֮Ĵ̼С
ӵۣĬ˵ҲȻȼˣ˫ȴЩԾǷβ۵ظ
Ĭĸ£Ҳ𽥸˫ϲͣţл
ĬĲϣͷڹعϵÿһ缡»Ƿزϣͷ鷿ΧλʱѾ
Ĭͷһػ棬׵صȼ飬ͽǿžµСҧס촽
ȻŮ֮»Щ£ʱѾ˲ˣܷܷסĬǼͦĶظ
ĸ£ĬӸǣͷ£渹ļ޳Ĵϡ



ڶʮ Ƶ
˵һᣬĬѹǹ̵ϣ׼淢󹥻ʱȴЩǣԼӦĸڲкӣǲȡʩǺпеġ
ô濴Ĭԥʵ
ǴӹˡĬ΢΢Ц
ûʲôɡЩɬҶˣ㻹ʲôǵģ
ؼǴӦ衣
ʲôϵһעһˡѾ϶ĬԼȫ׸ĬһԼŲ˼¶ǺĬĹϵң˵ʮҲŮ֮ļ֮£ʱѾȫĬôڴʱֹ
˵ˣһºҩġֵ
ڶ챡Ĭ˹˫ۣӳԼ˫۵üëıӣӣС죬޲ĽĬ§ϸ۵壬ĬԼĺҸ泤ƯһǸǧ𣬻Ѿ˼¶¶£ĵһ׸ԼʵڿɹԺһúöֻҪڣһúôһӡ˿ʱ䣬ߵˣҵùȥ¶¶ˣȻ׼ƽһȥԭĬɿӣ׼𴲣һȴǽ˯еŪˡۣĬ壬ܿ飬𼸷˷ܣ𼸷
ôѽţһȥ¶¶ǣȻ׼һ¶Ĭ˵ţظβ
Ҫסǵľ棬Ǹˡٴǿ
֪Ĭһͷ
ˣҲ֪ŪûС淭ӣβ·һ̸ɫѪЩ˵һİѱˣȻҰ֪˻᲻˼ġ
㻹˼ĬıǼ⣬˵ûбдʩһỹȥҩ԰ɣԷһ
ЦӦûʲôɣ㵱ʱע˵𡣡
ǿܻġĬȻǴӦ裬ӦŵԣǻСЩá
ţǺðɣڻ磬˵Ự
˰СʱĬŴӴ𴲺ܿȥСҩһºıҩصԷʱѾ·ˣʱ
Ĭһˮ˵ǰҩݸԹԣҩ˰ɡҲԻеЩ£ԥؽӹҩȥ
Ĭȴǰ룬ºıҩ˺ģԺ棬һ׼ñдʩ
¶¶𣿡ʵ
˯ҹȥĬͷһڣų¶Է
ʱ¶˯У͵Ĭһϧߣù¶ɵ֣ճյ˯Լ˳˼
С㣬ˡ¶˫ۣЩԺ
ˣĬ΢΢һЦ˯ûðɡ
ɡ¶ڵû㻳˯úá
ĬĻ²̾ͼŮһҲǺ£Ȼ¶¶Ƕƽ⣬ȴϣܶǣվֻһˣôྫǣ
ʵҲûʲôġ¶֪ղŵĻĬвΣæЦʵҲҪʱʱ̶̿ߣҾ͸ܲʱĿˡȻ⻰ЩοʣҲ˵мֵϾʱʱ̿ദһҲзյġ
Щʣҵ㿪ˮ¶ֵ
ĬæȥһȿˮԺһڣŶ˵¶ǰ¶ȸպʡ
¶ŵߣһڣɿˮһºȻŻµĸоæͷ쵽ߣ
ĬæԱߵͰ˵Ĵ¶ĺ󱳣о𣿡
¶˿ˮǿЦһ£ûʲôֻеĵĸо
¶ܵӣĬһΣ¶¶ڶӶͦôˣҾȻҪ뿪ʵЩ˵ȥҲܲȥǱߵ飬ֻϣβҪ̫ʱ䡣
⼸ҲڼңԼҪע塣Ĭ쵽¶ظԲĶӣʲôҪͽæԼԶ֡
֪ôչңͷİɡ
˵ʲôأűƿˣСŽ봲ߣ¶һֻ֣ɫԵЩ˷ܵ¶¶һ˯ίˡ
¶һۣҵȻίˣС㶼ңɫѵСѾͷ
˵Ĳ˰ɡ淴һֱ㲻ԸҪ㣬ҿɫѡ
Թ緹ĬϹΡĸŮһԭȥˡڸٹ·ɳۣȴǳƽʡ
һᣬЩƣˣڳƵĻ˯ˣԵЩ
ĬҲ֪ҺŮѵĹϵˣȻβźһμ棬ǱϾãİˣԺ󵱰㵱÷򿴴ϹεĻƽ
ܰǵԼ˿ǾٺòˣҲ϶㵱һ˵ġĬȻ֪Ϲ˵ĻֻΪ˺Լ룬ǴòĽǶ˵Ӧڿͷϳӵġ
Ҿ˼áϹΰ뿪Ц˵ǰһиˣȴĶ⡣
Ĭ֪ϹԼ¶¶飬ΪܹĻ˵˵ΪԼ룬ֻҪǹԼС̵ˣĬжмֻǣĬȴЩûشϹε⣬ԼȷʵȷʵΪ¶¶˼ίĬһᣬӦҲΪ̫͹ɵģ˼Ҳܹҡ
ô˵ҶЩίϹζ˶٣ЦȻⶼǵ飬Ҳֻ˵˵
Ĭڼ̸ε⣬ǵν㣬ҲӦûᷴɣ׼ķʽ
ϹӦںܶʱSҶٻȫգҲֻܰȸϳż˵
ȴڵΣҿС˺ú̸̸ɣҶˣαظôභ
ҲؼܵSָʾҿĻ᲻󡣡
ĬμҵļοֲҲ뷽跨ݺ𣬽ͷȴ˸Ӻ³ϹҲֻSһ߰ˣպûüֵҲ϶οһ³ѵͲܴμҵ¼ȡѵ



ڶʮ ͹ɷ
Ĭˮ컨԰ס˽ӽһµʱ䣬ڻصвӿһϤĸо˼һηϵ飬˺ͳ˵ﻰ飬˴ܺ½ɷ飬һжƺǷ죬ÿһϸڶǵ
磬Ĭͳ˷ɺţµ٣ɺѾϻָǰķ٣Щǰƫ½ĹԱҲϸǵ˳Ըֽڴˡ
ƺϹһ˷ɺţȻҪ֯һ߲飬֪ͨ˻ʱĬͳơϹڰ칫
ȥϸϴּ䣬ġϹ˵ţǱϴּȥˡ
Ϲߺ󣬰칫ʣĬͳˣĿ䵽ĬϣЦЦСϴôңһûкúõĸлأ֪ûʲôҪ󣿡
ĬæòźҿģⱾҵڡ
ô˵Ҷлл㡣˼һᣬ˵С֪ھʲôҪûУ˵Ҫһҹ˾ʲôģҿ֧㡣Ȼ֪ĬŮѼ̳μҲٲƲʼŮѵģȫģԼбҪһЩƲ
Ĭ֪Ƶ˼ԼȫûбҪȡʲô룬ŵҲûʲôҪģԺҪˣȻ㿪ڡ
ǺðɡƳΣֵһǵĻҲμӰɣڹ㻻˲ˣʱĹ۲жһЩ˵Ŀɿȡ
ĬͷǺãǲ֪ҵݻ᲻ӰǵĻ顣
û⣬Щ˻û˺ԵˡƳĬһᣬֵˣҪμһѵᣬʱܲһȥ
Ĭа룬ƽѾ˲ıڣΪʲôҪһȥأѽܵܰɡҲþܾƵ飬ǵͷǺðɣһȥ
Сʱ󣬻ʽʼˣϯжʮˣΪ³ĳƣȻԲǰϹκĬǷֱ˳Ƶҡ
ȻĬѾǵһγϯɺŵĻˣڷɺŵĹ㻻һ룬ЩԱ϶ʶĬڼŵĸ߲ͻȻôһˣһ˳ȵ˳Ƶߣⲻúܶ˶Ϊ档
ҽһ£λҵܵĬҲμڲ顣ȷԡ
³ǽеǷɺ߲ʿڲ飬ȻݣҪμĻ飬ƺЩŵһܾԼ뷨ȻҰе϶ʸġƺͲµ˻ʣ˵ӽҰҷɺŰٷ֮ĹɷڸԺҲǹ˾Ķ³֮һһ㣬ѾҊαúܲˡ˻һۿԾĲھҲɺŵɶƵڷɺŵʲϰڰҪǸСӰٷ֮ĻǾ൱ڸڣڳָ˵ҲӦòһСĿ
ƺӳ΢Цɫп˵ʲôз׷ײ²Сӻ᲻Ƕ³СˣδϹɺǰЩԱǶԼᶨĲ롣
飬ĬҲЩ⣬ɺŶ³ֻǸԼҸˣǰٷ֮ĹɷݣȴʵʵڵĺôȻĬȱǮãȻģҲ˼ô˵ܾ˵ˣΪǮǸֻҪԼúǿڶ෽淢ǵüֵģȻƽ͸ԼԼȻܰɡ
ͬʱҲǰмƣЩɷݶƽ˵Ǻܴһ£ܹôǰ˵Ͳ±ݵŮ˵ȷʵҪСŸԡ
ΨһеȵȻϹˣΪͳĽڵʲȻһ˵Ǹ֣ǶϹκͳ˵ȴǴĿһֱҪмĬİæÿԴлĬϹڽеõĬİæҲֳ֧ľ
̸һɺڵŵһ˵³ż磬ٴα˺ǵĺҾбҪǺģ֪ǲǿϸһ⡣
ĬĿ䵽ӵϣһʮҵӣԵЩݣһǳɫװһ˿۾ӢһֲŻĸо
Ĭܿ뵽ƸԼһиܾܲøһǰܽģۣǰԵǸǸ˵ֶӣĸԭĳУڣ䱾ձѧϵĲʿһһĸ߲ˡ͸ֶϵǰع󣬾ڸ˵Ľ˷ɺţһ£ͰԼĹɵ÷ǳɫˣһǴʹ˼ʴ⣬ܿõ˷ɺŹá
˵ıʡҪɺź飬ǰǰˣżйҵ֮һгݶţڱռźܴгݶżҪձͺĵƷйƷƷĲԽԽСй˿ʼѡ۸Ա˵ĹвƷˣżǿִƣ׼гתƵвƷԾ˺ͷɺź򣬶κǣˡ
Ȼƶ෽˺ͿżźãǰƲûжԴʱ̫ע⣬һڰҪ˰Ϲϣһ̳ۻ󸶿Ҫҵ渶ܶʽ𣬶ڷɺŰѺܶʽע뵽˳żУһ׼źûôʽȥµ鲢ûеõƵͬ
ƺܿκǰε鱻֮˴£ֻżڱкܴгǺǺǲƷǶǲƷΪкܴչǰġ
ؼѾ׼źˣ߾Ҫܶʽ渶ڸûôʽͿµ򡣡ĬǣϣѾǰʱ˷ɺźź˫̸Ͻչ÷ǳ˳͵ʱ졣
ƺһˮ˵ˣźͿżǾ֣ҪǺһµʱ߶ֺá



ڶʮĻ 
ⲻ⣬ŵҪгϷڱ֮ûгͻϱӦÿظгǺһܺõ;ﻻһ˵һܺõǰʽ⣬ҪǼŬˣǺܲȸһԤǵʱԶһЩɡ
ҲбҪǺ˵һܺõĻᡣһɶҲڵʱ̸ܲгɹһ¡
ҿɣǵʱͶԷ̸һ£໥ܹԷҪǾͽкܣǾǽѰɡϹβڵ
ϹηˣҲ˵Ǻã߾ϵһǣʲôʱʱϸ̸һ¡
³Ӧϲ¶һ˿΢Цãһᾡϵǵġ
֮ĬͳơϹ˽Ļ飬ϹεΣбҪǿżź𣿡
Ϲ˼ԷĺǺҲ޳ɣȻҲǻʲôܺõٿԺ̸һ
Ǹ𣿡Ĭʵ
ƵͷţǰΣҲûӡ
ɹˣܴеõٺôĬʡ
һʴҵɺͽ𶼲١ɻĬһۣʲô𣿡
ֻǸоǳɺźͶԷԲлõٺôĬ˵ɣȴЩʣʣԼҲ˵
ʱƵĵ绰ˣǸģ³п𣿡
߾ʲô𣿡ʵ
ģ̸һ̸ǷɺŵһЩԼͿżźһЩ⣬ǡһżŵĹԱԭÿԺ̸һº⣬ʱ䣬ԶٷĻϡ
Ǻðɣʲôʱ򡭡ȻﲢϤǷɺŵĵ֣ܲø˵ֶӣ˼˳ԼԼһȥ
һп˾͸Ҵ绰ɣͣǡ
˵绰ϹεΣϸ߾ҪԼȥһºͿżź飬˵иżŵĹԱҪϺһȥɡ
Ͽûʱ䣬Ҫϴһżŵ顣ϹСһȥɡ
ĿͶĬ΢Цֻһȥˡ
ĬȻܾͷǺã˵ʲôط
ڴһЩ˾ĬͺͳͣյͣͼǱߵĸ˹Ĭ󣬲ɵһüͷȻĬĳֲǺ⡣
ȥƶ¥ɣԼĳǣʵ
ԼĳͿˡƵǰ·ɡ
Ҳ˼ǿ󣬹ȥԼѩȥˡĬһۣ˵Ҳ߰ɣʱúá
һвûн˾Ҳ䵽ĬͷϣĬƵᣬŸ˷ɺš
ʮӺ˾͵ƶ¥ƶ¥λԭĵн֣ԭǱȽϸߵľ¥ˣͨԪңһϰܹѵ˵ġ
Ǹƶģһ׺װ䣬̸ⷹϴּ䣬̸氲ŵӻɳʩװԵ÷ǳʺë̺ʣĵƹףǽɽˮǸŵζ
ȺȵɣѹɳϺ󣬺òذѵӵݸ˳ơ
ƽӹһϺõ裬ȻְѵӵݸĬ߾ڿżʲôְλ
òŽҸ߾С߾ˡ˫֣һŵ̬ǿŵҵ񲿲žȻܶǵĺ⣬ܹϸһǿżŵģҲȷȷ
š΢΢һͷ𣿡
ĵػشҴѧУѣǰϴѧʱͬһѧ֯䣬ֻˣ˿æѹˣһ绰
ӺһŮӽ˰䣬ŮӲһߣٲľһļϣ׻ɫְҵȹʾݡټǡôĴ磬һʮŮĿֿ̬ǳ졣
ǾõˡŮ΢΢ߵɳߣ˸Աߵλϡ
æܵһ£ʱǷɺŵĶ³ƣܵ³ҸĿżŵ
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æͳֵãã
ƺģҳͿˡʵЩӦĳƺ
Ҿͽˡ¶һ΢Ц㿴Ҳʮ߰꣬ӦñҴ˶١
ҶʮˡҲЦݣϾŮ˶ϣ̾Լòġ
ȷʵЦǷɺŵĹָһֱɺŵķչǰԽԽˡ
ɺһֱΪ½ڱץ֮󣬷ɺſĻڵˮƽȲǰˮƽҲֻпЦûаƵֳ΢ЦҲֻʱİˡ
ڿ׼ѻ⣬ҾǿżźǷɺкܴĺǰǿż׼ҵתƵڲƷϣǷɺϵвƷڹкܴƷЧӦ˫Ӧܴﵽͬӯľ桭
Ŀתһӣֱ˵ˣŻܰǿżķչһ𣬱˵׼Щ˾ĲƷгʲôµչƻ
һ˼ؽ˿żŵĸĩ˻Ǹ߲кǷɺźԣҿǸ߲˹Ժ̸
Ʋûбֻ̬΢΢ͷǺãʱڵ绰ϵһܣһ绰ɣ



ڶʮ ϵ
һᣬ˾ˣʱ򣬸ﱾƵԱߣȴСɡ
Ĭ֪ǲ͸̫ǺȻ˳ƵԱߡĳϲһ˿漴ͻָЦݣĬм䣬˵ֵҪȵưɡ
ˣҲϲĬ˲ûʲôرĺøУֳȫûбҪȾơ
ûʲôģٺһ㣬˵ͦȵġ顣
Ĭвɵð룬ҲֻǺԹһٷǴҲûкȶپƣڰһƵɡϾǷɺŵԱΪƽùϵĬҲܵʣֻЦˣĺȲ˶١
ûʲôģǺһɡҲ˻һº͹ԱĹϵ
ȻƶԼˣĬҲ˼Ƴ٣ƽĿ֮һΪ˵ͷʵغһɡ
ǺãתͷԱߵķԱеԱƿ50Ʒę́ƹ
Ĭа룬һһ¾Ҫƿ׾ƣĿǶ׼ңֻǸСˣûбҪҰɡȻô룬ɫȴû˿仯Ͼǹغӵ飬ԼȫûбҪδսӡ
ܿ죬ƿƱﲢû÷ԱæþƣվĬ˴뱭ȻָƵ
Ҳȵģ˼˼ˡæ
ȾһƱϲ֮ɫ
Ĭǰͨиߵƣûô˷ѹˮڸ㴼˻ζʮƷę́ƾڲͬ
㣬ҾһҲ˾Ʊ
ҾޣͲˡ΢΢ЦԲưɡ
ƺȾƵģȻƽ͵˵ĻԼҲǿֻþƱ豭
СҲڷɺžְɣ¾Ʊʵ
ҲǷɺţڶĬӦ
ǺܲڵĹӦòɡʡ
ڲûй̶Ĺ
ǵˡһ˵һƱҲһ
ǸŮǿˣһƣĬȻͶԷϤҾȻһϳԷӻҪģƱþ
ҲֻǺȺ֣ûʲôġǽĵ΢Ц˵ɱһڼ˳ŮĬ˵еԵƽˣû϶ۡ
ĬĮı飬ȴ˺ܻԹɫУһüͷСѵ𣬶ıû˿Ӧ
ǸǿŮˣԽǶмһ˵ˣԽȤȻĿⶼԸ϶ͣһ۵ˣܿĺġ
ССľǲǽúú˵ţҲ˾ƱСҲһ
ĬȻо϶ԸԼҲõƣϾǸһεԼƱͶԷ
Ҳ״뿪Ц˵СߣСľһ㣬Һȸ˾ˣǿɲҪ෭ˡ
û뵽ƻԸĮ̆£һ£ݵŮˣͨԼúñֵģô˵ȻȫĬԼˣ뵽ɷݸĬ飬ȫĬˣⲻĬЩʡ
ĿƳĬһۣаСӿδɣ治֪³ϲĵˣҸԱɫˣ³ȫɿҵġ
ǡñĬˣƺо˸ļʣһЦСڴƽע⣬ѹҹ෭
ĬҲܹκʱϣ˻µģԼʱȻ׽ƽİʯ϶ĲȻĬǶһЩ
ȻĬҲܾʹֹƽ㽻ϾҲ֪ƽ˵ӡҪƽϲˣԼĲӦóΪ˽İʯˡ
ǺǣһСǺȵõϣôܰ෭ˣ෭ˡ΢Ц
ĬҲЦͬѧ棬ҿҲúúúɡ
æϲһԷģѾȵòˡ
ǿǸ鹻õġĬ΢ЦȻãȻӦ໥ȼ
ǺһɡﰭӣֻöƱ
ҿӦúЦ鵽ˣһܹ
ԵЩΪѡ
һɡΪ˸ºˬӡ󣬸Ҳڵ״ˣƱ
ϵôã϶°ɡԿЦ˵
æǵģֻǺѰˣûǷ淢չ
ҿͦԵģ໥֮иӦÿŷչһµġ˵ţȻƿԼС뱭˵ҽˣٺһɣҾһ
ƽ㣬û°ɡĬ֪ƾãھȻԾƣͬʱмֵǡ
ûʲôѵøһءһЦֻΪǰٰǧַ飬һĬΪ֮һ
Ƶ鱻￴ԽƵͬʱĬļҲˡ
Ҿǡƾ˾Ʊ
͸ȻַʽľڳԾƣôܾܾأ໥һֻۣεض˾Ʊ
շ¾ƱĬ͵㣬Ҳһɡ
΢΢һüͷĬĵһ˾Ʊ
￴żȻŮкѾ˺ö౭ˣȥ¹һͻʱԼôСӣ
СκǺǰģǾʹ໥Ĺ˾һɡξȻ˴뱭ơ
Ⱦ˵˲ȾƣھȻһ뱭һκȾƺ͹˾ĺϵˣʵ޷ܾԿɬ۹˸һۣջǶ˾Ʊ
֮󣬳ֻѺһڣ漴ѾƱݸĬСҴ˰ɡ
Ĭ΢΢һ㶣æӹƱ˳ųƺȹĵط֮ʱһ֮⣬о촽
˵̬֮ʵڷУɶǳģԴҲûκΰ취
㣬پһĬֶ˾ƱϴȾңӦȾ㡣
Ҳˣ߰˱ˡȻܲ˵Ļ֪ԷĿģҪԼٲԼ̨£Լ
ҴȰɣȷʵܺȶ٣
˳ս󣬳ƺĬûپˣȴǰĿתƵ˸ϣĬľֳԾΪɼƣһ϶ԸܿͲˡ
ǰѾ˵ԼˣȻѾָˣҲ˼ơ
ҲˣⱭˡ˾Ͳ˰ɡͶ䡣
ȻʱֻԴЩΣȴѵģĬȻû˿⣬²ĬСӲ˵ԼھȻһ鶼ûУģǸԲʵļһ
ʱֻͻȻˣббسȥһ绰Щ˼Ҳ˼е㼱£Ҫȥݣҵˡ
ˣܹԼأҿȥɡĻҲԵЩԺ
áһС˵վŵӾȻһ£һҪӣҲˣǲܿġ
ûʲôһ
㻹ҶĿ䵽ĬϣҿСͦѵġС㿪ҹȥɣҪСʱʱ䡣
ҲæĿ䵽ĬϣСǾ鷳ˣͷȷʵЩΡ
Ĭһ֪ǹģֲֳܵƣֻ˵Ҳ˲پƣ֪ܲܿ
СȥɣҪ˶ʱġȻĺˣǼȻԷô˵ҲܲĬҲ뿴˵ҪԼʲô
Ĭƶô˵һݵΰͺãƽ㻹ػΧʱԳڳƵǰ



ڶʮ Ĳ
ĬߵԱߣ˵һ䣺߰ɡ
һ䣬˵СҵͷеΡ˵ӻͣҡš
ĬˣΪŪľͼûаеĻɱֳװźӣҪҷһ𣿡
¶һ޵ЦݣǱͷ̬飺ллˡ䣬ӾƫĬӡ
ĬæӷסڷסӺǵûվӣӷǸˣһ¿Ĭļͷϡ
ĬȻŮû˿ĸоϵˮζȴ̼Ƿвɵð룬׿Ҹϲ˵Ů˻ǹƯģ̬ﶼǳޣݵʯȹӦò٣ܹ쵽زҲȻ顣
Ĭ뵽ϴԭЫһȾƣȻؼҵĳ棬ҲԼͻȥȻٰԼԼһûаѳסǡ
ΪˣԴΪΣ޽ôԴԼȫǿԼԼȻ飬ݵŮˣʵһܶӵ顣
ΣǴκƣĬǸо˵Ĳ޵ĿԼԼһǰŮˣźԼһСʱԼȻĿġ
ܿ죬˾˾¥ȻĬ˾ƣǵƾԼ廹ûжӰ죬ԿӦôߣ
Ǳߵ¥ǰ߰ɡ
ʮӺ˾͵¥Ĭհͣã͵鷳鷳ȥһˡ
Ĭ˽Ů˵ҪʲôԥͬҪһεκ˶ĽĻʹߡ
ܿ죬Ĭָ602䣬ĬųΧΣԺշ׷
һһһı׼׼ĬɳϺӾһ̱ɳϣ˫ĿԱߵĬЦȻ˵һɣҵѡ˵һۣĬȫһƤ
ҿͲˣһȻȥĬ˵ţתȥ
ʱȴţæС鷳ҿŰɡ
ĬûоܾССҪȥ򿪷ź󣬼ſվһʮŮӣŮòǲŴҲǳޣ׾룬ĬܹŵŨŨˮζⲻмַСʵױˮϢܹŮ˵ģЩ˵ģǷ
ĬĿⲢûŮ϶Ƭ̣ͷһۣ˵Ҳ˵ˣˡ
Ӵ˧磬ôһ߰ſڵŮ˵
ĬЦһ£׼ſȥȴǹһסĬֱۣСȱ߰һ
ӻݣҽɣǵҪʲôϷĬ뵽ҲִȥǺ˳ظصɳϡ
ŮҲŽ˷䣬źɳϣЦ㣬λ˧ôƺأ
æĬСˡ
ǺǣͦСӰŮЦ˧磬ãҽͿˡ
ãĬкһ䣬ȴǰѰ˼˵Ҫɵʲôһ²͸ǵĿġ
СɳһɣеҪҪ̸ʮӾͿˡιһѣòˡ
ܺȾٺһ㡣һѣ漴ͽԷ
˽ȥıӰĬЦһ£óһ֧ȼƵһڣȻ绰ͨ˳Ƶĵ绰ƽ㣬ڸʲôأ
ڿ죬͵𣿡
ˣ˵һº̸ҵһȣ
ţ㾡ɣҲؼˣ
Ĭ֪ƽǲǸʱ䵥һǵһᾡģСһᡣ
˵绰Ĭе۾ʱʱſһۡ
ʮӺҷűˣվſڣЦӯӯСл˵
ĬɳվߵſڣһſڣһѽĬ˽ȥȻ˷ţĬܿͼûб¶ɫǽĿͶǱߴϣǿϵ龰û⣬ʱѾȫ㣬ǷزɽһڱӶ޳ҡţļ͸ź˵滹ƺͿĨĳԵ֬κһ˶Ϊ֮
ǴͷϣһĶһ㣬ȻĬһĳӿĸо
ԵϣĬܿ췴Ӧ˹ӲԴ˹𣬲ƺ̫Сˡ
װźɫӣϸشһǱߵŮӣȻ㣬ڡ
ڸĦã֪ҪİĦ𣿡˵Ĭһѡ
Ĭ˳˴ߣ˵ҾͲĦˣɡ
Ա߿ҲУҸ갴Ħһϳ˵ţ˴ϡ
ĬƳŮһۣ˫ֲͣظڸһ󣬾Ȼ崦ͷ
ҲŪһ
Ĭ龰ټĴ̼¾Ȼһ嶯ܿԼͷԣа룬ӻ湻ģȻϷһŮˡ
ȻĿԴҵҲָϴĿĵ׺ڣ
ˣԳȥˣɡĬѾµŮǾƵķС㣬Զ˵ٿ
Ӵ΢΢һЦǺãݣ˵ţͿųȥˡ
װġַԼ֮䣬üҾഺ飬ظ΢Щٵĺ΢΢ţȥ˼ˡ
Ĭ龰Ҳһ궯һ˵Ů˵ϡջסеļھһΧͻȻؿһ֧ǹָԴ˵˭ģ
ʲô͵طӦĬõǹһ´ӴҪܣȴĬһȣʱٶֺȫ΢΢ҪɡҪʲô
ϱӣ㻰Ĭ
ηηǻӳסˣ˫Ŀηɫսսʵ㡭ҪʡҪʲôأ
˵˭ģĬٴαʵ
ʲô˭ҡģҲס
װͿˣ㲻ҪΪҲҿǹĬǹǰһ㣬ֵĶͷһ˭ģٲ˵ʵߡ
˵˵촽ԽǡǸҹģ㻵ˡͳġ£
Ĭ΢΢һüͷֻģûˣһֱŮϹݺԼģ˽ͣȻЩš
ôɵġʵ֮⣬ҲԼԭ򡣡˵ЩίҡҶܸȤ㡭ҡ
û˵ѣղ͸һȥϴּĵͷæĬᵽɫյķһԴͳƵദĻᣬܽĬץסĬİѱĬڳе󳹵ƻ
ָ˺һ֣Ժܷĵذ齻ŵڳɹ֮󣬽ܶô
ǷŮˣϯʱͶĬŨȤڸֽæȻĬݵԼʯȹ뷨ǾʹĬԼס¥
ȻһرİãǶŮİио֪һ㲻мڸŮ˰رһҹˣͨҾƵСæһ£֣ķ񲻵˷У˵ȤǿңղŲʹķ
ЩǳķĬ˼Ļɡ
ĬŮ˸ЩͿˣѵŮĲʲô֯ˣ˼һᣬʵ˵ΪʲôҪң
ȻͳչԡҪദĻᡣĬһЩ΢΢һ
Ĭа룬Ҳ˵ùȥƽһôԺգСӵȻչˣŮҲǺ顣룬ʵǺŮӸղΪʲôҪ
ϻһ˿ֻǡֻİðˣҡΪ˵
Ĭ˵ѣڰǹһĻ˷ʱ䡱ȻͳŶȥˡ
ڴ˺þã΢һץͷһͷ͵ſȥнģ쵰治ˣȻҪǹָңֻǡء˵ίޱȣȻڱصؿ



ڶʮ߻ ҹС
ʮӺĬͻص˸ղųԷĵط뷿ʱ򣬸ںͳƷ죬Ĭʱ򣬲΢΢һüͷʵû뵽СôͻˣԼǽסô᲻ɹأ
û°ɣĿת¶һЦݣʱȻּ죬ȻǸղžƾӰ졣
ĬƵԱߣܺá˵вЩЦ뷢ɧˣԼȻ²ϹˣԼʵǽͷ
㣬Сʶܾ˰ɡе޻һζ
Ҳ̫ãҺʶꡣϴϺĬʶģȷʵֻ߸µʱ䡣ȥ˵Сߣǻؼһ飬Ǿˡ
ڻ簡װſ˿ʱ䣬Ű˵룬ڶһɡ
£粻ûйϵģղ㲻ҲΪȥ𣿡Ϊ飬ĬСӵӡˣԼ̵˵ˣȥںҪ㡣
ҪҸʲôﱾܵʵ
ҾͲ֪ˣʶЩԺ壬˵ʲôղģ˵ʲôһӽƽ㣬ס
Ļɫر࣬вôģȻС˵Ļ
ҲĬ˼ȻͲ͸˸ͼĬ׿˵»ЩãһĬֱۣкûһȥ
Ĭ֪ǹװ￴ģҲϵ§סĽ̬֮ӡ
ԶȥӰöţļƻԴ˺ͳ£ϵȴû뵽˲õӡʵơ
Ӻ󣬳һֱûɿĬֱ۵֣ĬҲ˼֣ϾϵƵ⡣
ͷΰɣܿ𣿡ƹе
һⶼûСĬ˵ߴ˼ʻҳš
Ҳܿ˼ʻϣϣʵСȥʲôͼ
ոߵС𣿡ĬЦЦƽ㣬̫ǿˣСӶ㶯ˡ
ô򵥣ûĿģ
ʱûз֡Ĭ˼ҾӦöע⣬Ȼܹȫ壬ΪкܴĲ࣬ǱֹǷɺŲ˾˳ʲôϵ
˼ص˵ͷţһעģмʵڿ⣬ֱӰˡ
Ҳһ׵飬ؼڲûзʲôҪǿ»ø˲ʱ򷴶Ӱҵ
⵹ҲǡĿĬһۣ㿴⻹ͦ͸ʵˣһ治Ǹũޡ
ĬûзƵĻֻǵЦһ¡
ϣĬ׼绰ȴĬò¾֪ǳƣſڣƴһ׿ɵĶ˯վ⣬㷢ɢڼͷϣǾȻЩñ߹˼С
ƽ뷿䣬ûѡĬɳĬĴߣ׼˯𣿡
ĬϷţصߣЦʲôʱ˯ԣ˯˰ɣ
ţ˯ˡƳĬһᣬ˵СǲǾӦøһְˣ
Ĭ΢΢һ漴ӦӦиͥźãҲá
˵ʵҪҵʵģ治һ׵飬Ȼ˲٣ǻ϶ǿҵĲƲҷǳᷳ̾һȻҶЩҲʵʲôо
ɣ϶ҵʵġĬο
ҿסҡҡͷڵ̫ʹĻˣûһ㵥ģýǸ˵ɣҿǺͿżźֻӽҡ
ڳƿĬȷʵһˣȻĳЩҲһĻǶΪΪģЩΪȨǿȻƳ˼룬ǾһλʧܵˣλѵĸԴǺ½˼ɵģڸϲĬˡ
Ĭ֪ڵ˼Ҳ֪Լ⣬ڲܸκζҲֻ˵ƽ㣬ҲҪ̫ˣӦñֹ۵ֲ̬Ҫġ
Ƶ˵ͷ˵ҲǣҪֹ۵̬ǻ治һ׵顣
ȥЩͿˣзɺţȫҪ滨̫ľܹȥɵģ;ȥɡ
ⲻҷյĸԴѸľڹϣҷǷա룬˵ڹؼãĺȱٸ
ĬҲõѾȥеĸץ˼ѡƽһɷҲºѴеĿհףΨһģֻںһˣʱ򣬸Ĺػ
ܴӦһ𣿡˫ĿεĬ
Ĭæ˵ɣģ϶ᾡΪ֮
ڶиУϣԺܰŮЩ˼ЦЦҲ˵ֲһ¶ĸɡ
ĬڨڨһЦҾɡ
ݼ˼ĸɵ˼裬㿴ô
ĬæҵȻԸˣֻϰ˽Ҹ磬֪ܸܲĹϰ
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ĬҲ֪˵ʲô˾þһԵЩ̡
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Ĭĺһ˿ůջǿסԼϧ֮ģ΢΢ͷǺðɣҲϢ
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˸ߵſڣһ绪ĸ˾ӭƣڵȵˣûԽԽ˰˵ַŵ˳ƵļͷϣȻͳƺϤҿԽԽ˰΢΢һЦ٣տְ
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ĬȻĳѾϰΪˣȴɺŵĶ³ķʽֱۣ˫ɻĽĿʱ»ԵЩڡ
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֪Ĭݣֻ֪Сɷ˵ֶӣȻС˵СС͵ӦòдܿΧĬߣǻ͵λСĶǵļ飡



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СһҲĬǱȥˡֳΪǱȥˡ
ϴּĹϣĬЦȻ˵ǽɷһȥģӦ֪İɡ
ôʲôⲻ顣Сݺݵ˵
㲻ܻشǾ˵û˵ӣղ˵ĻȫҵġĬ˼
ҡСĬһᣬᶨ̫ƽ̳ġ
ǰ缸ģĬʡ
ôôϻ
ֳʵڿȥˣСڵ룬֪ⶼӦúúûش𣬲ȻǻΪСġ
ǡǰȥġ
ָʲôɫĬʡ
СµĬͼСӲҪֿԼԼɷϴԼǸָ˵ɫɫġڴͬʱȷǰߣɷϬҲһôش
ӵļ۸Ƕ٣
3ˣ
ˣҵˡĬ룬˵ûʲôָָϲº䵽ȥˡ
˵ûþû𣿡Сĵ˵ҴӲºһ¶ģʱڶ
ô˵ʱʱ̿ע¶ĽָӴȻôע⣬ôܱ͵㱻͵ˣôôòң
ҡһŮģôùһС͵ȻҪȥбˡСԽԽˡ
ҿ㻹ȥ￴ɣĿܵˡĬٴѵ
ȥҰɣҪܶʱ𣿡ֳá
ȥҡСηֳ漴ҧҪҲ֤С͵ġ
СŮϴּĬ磬ȥǱ߿ɣʳʲôˡ
Сҿ˰ɣҺúúС̸̸ֳһѿ
Ҳˣ㿴ģҲܺ߰ұΪԼ֤ףȻ˼ôҡĬ˵ţǱȥˡ
ֳҲûа취ֻиĬǱȥˡ
ӺߣĬЦƽ㣬ʳʲô𣿡
Ƶʳˣǽǰ̫ƽ̳ģֵ3ˣ
ӺǰС̫ƽ̳һ˵ĽָڶԷȻ͸ͬһ𰸣ֻڹʱϣΪǰûϸȴǳһЩ
Ĭа룬˵Ĭܲ𰸾Ȼ˽ӽӦ֮ߣװЩɻӣ͹ˣŮĲ˵𣬶̶ġ˵ĿͶӺ˵⵽ô£˵ǰ̶ģ۸ʮˣҲ̫˰ɣ
Ӻ֪СǸĽٵˣҶĬԹ޺пܰѼ۸˵һЩ϶ʱΣҼǴˣǼ۸ȷʵʮˣʱˢģ
ֳɫһ㣬Ƿŭ
ǺʲôɫĬʡ
ӰӺϴǽӵĺӣֲܳʱ˼ֻڵۺɫģ
˶㶪ûУֳڽŭ𱬷
˾ˣҡӺ֪鱩¶ˣͨصͷһʱ֪ô죿
ŶǺǣԭݰ
Ҳ̫ˣȻĳϵҡ
ûа취
Χ˵۸ֳŭϸҹҲ뿴ˡ
лҲӺ̫ʧˣȻ
ҡӺͷ͵øˡ
˾ˣûڲҵָǽָ϶ġС˵ߵߣӺô
žһӺһƴСϣС϶ʱֳָӡ
ҡۡСһ±סԼʹ
˵С͵Ƕҵͷ̰ˣҲӦøǷ̰ˡĬ˵óֻ110ĵ绰
ֳȻŭ쳣ʵڲֵø󣬸ԼĶϹ˾æǰĬС鶼ǵĴ㿴ҵϣͲҪ˶ƽ˰ɡ
ĬһЦͲǼƽˣȴԸŹҰ
ұ֤ǲ鷳Ҳ϶ܹʶĴ󡣡ֳĿתӺת˶˼ҵǸȻ͵ɡ
ӺȻ֪黹صҪСĸԼԼ϶в鷳ھ˾ԿڽԼȥǸҪԼˣᣬǺǳССһۣչСˣǹȥǸ
û͵ˡء
ģˣӴ㡣
ˣ֡žСĻû˵ֱ꣬Ӻһ⣬ȥǸȻǾ飬ӷŮˡ
ءС֪ɷȻڹ˵ֻǾ;ԻֵģȻԸˣһջĬǰͷҧԩˣҽָѾڲҵˡ
ָĽӣӺŭ
С֪鳹ױ¶ˣֻеʵҾ鷳ҡҸûʲôָ
ֵܣȷʵǲԣͿǶμԵϣټƽ˰ɡӺϵ
ˣҲƽˣŹ̺ܽõ㣬ԺҪٺˣˡĬ˵
ұ֤ԺҲˡӺĿͶС˼ұ֤ҪԺ鷳Ҹÿ
ҡСЩؿĬһۣջ˵ұ֤ԺҲ鷳ˡ
ĬֻЩᷳŮˣû̫ĳޣҲƽϣЦðɣǿˣ
Ĭ»ǲģھ֮Ҳû˶ˣֻǺͳһԺȲ졣
ŵʱ˾׼ؼˣڸлٷ򸾵ʱ˻ͣĬǸⷴĬЩ˼ˡ



ڶٰʮ Ϲõ
ڳҪڼչŮûдȥ۶ĬԼϹλϤҪǵȥ۶ǹȥܿһЩ飬Ծͽгһǰȥˡ
ҲȥɢɢģãֻкСһʱŻиĿ֣ǴӦ˺һǰȥ۶õѧϰڲŶһ꼶ȫһ˽˼ҽ̸ϰǷµĿγ̡
ʮһ㣬һ˾ͳ˷ɻ˸۶ճɻͼһӳ˹˹Ⱥ˷ɻ⣬ϳ־˶ʮӵĳ̣Ϲڵɽׯɽׯλڸ۶һƬСɽСɽɽɣǸ۶ߵشˡ
泯άǺۣΪƽϸߣܹѴ۶ķ⾡۵ףرϣߵĵƻɺͺϴֻĵʣһĻɽׯΧķ⣬羰ҲǲɽˮأȻǶ죬ǽ֮ĵطȻɫһƬ
ɽׯڸ۶˵ӦõıƬ֮һٷ֮ʮϹҵ˺ͳżŵˣϹǰҲס棬̫ŶܵSȥסˣֻżŻظ۶һΡɽׯм䣬һٶĶȻһʮĶСС޽һǳıΧл԰򳡡ӾصʩϹסĵطϹεĸ׸ȥһŵ֡Ϲõ
ﵺ滷ˮǸԵľӻ涼ǺˮֻҪСΧװһЩǾͿԷֵֹĽ룬ҲͿԷֹ˵͵Ϯˡ
Сӵģֻһ׿ĳţϵ֮ĬһԴĸовɵð̾ϹҵĲľסҲ͡
һһŮӾӭ˳ŮӲǱˣϹεĸ׺סݣгµݣµȻѾʮ²û¶ٺۼֱˬĳ΢Ժ󣬻ӳƹʯԽԳݵĸ߹ر˫ɫ΢΢ͦıӣʾڲͬ
ڳµݵĸǻˣִСڸ۶ԳѪԵһŷѪͳ⣬Ļ˼붼ͻ˺ǽӽڸǱ׼ͨƣã
裬֪΢Цãоźá
źáֺܾãԶԳµݺϤ
ԡµõȻĿͶĬ´һҲΪᾪ֪̾Ĭĸ¼ģЩ¼͹ˣڿЩĵһʮ꣬ò˼顣
ΣĬɡڵõ϶𰸺󣬳µݺòĬãܸܹһ֮
ĸÿĬæա
һɺϢӺװζҵĴ֮ϣһŹȻͬ졣
ϹνӶ˶Ȳ裬ݸЦСҪԼˡ
С˵ˣ˵ǳɫǰ̫ĻһȻѵһſµ
ĸˣҲĵطܶࡣĬæ
˵ϴϺʱ򣬳쪳۶УǼı֮һû뵽Ҫµֵ
Ĭϴδܳ쪳۵龰ʱԼȫǿôæʤģȻµĿ»ԼµݱԼЩ˼ֻ΢΢ЦʱҲãȻôְ
µڣһӻ̫ðĬоȻЩĸоòϣѪŮ˵˼ʽǲĵλʵ䡣
Ҳ̫ǫˡµݶǰĲˮһڣɵʳָڲ豭ᵯţС˵Ͷ¡־ĹϵܺãǳżźǺ飬Ҫæ
ȻҾΪɡĬ֪ǰŻõĹɷݣʵϹҸԼı꣬Ȼ˱˵ĺôǾӦðѰæﵽף⻹ǶԸϹڵĺ÷
Ǿͺã³֮ǿ϶úøлġµݳĬһᣬʵˣ˵имŮѣιôûаһأ
Ĭ˼ģϾ׵ļң˵ҲӦͥһӣãϹεĸ׿϶ǲɷ˽ŮģιҪ죬ǰӺܶν鷳
ߵĴæûдԺл˵ɡĬĿ䵽µݵϣϳ΢ЦаѰ˼ӲĸɫϺѿ˼̬ȣҲ֪᲻ΪصĹϵ˼鷳
´һҪĸơµζ˵Ҷˣòżġ
Ĭ΢΢һЦͷǵҲǡ
ڳԹ緹Ĭ߱ϹΡһȥιɽׯˣǱ˼ҵ
ǰסĵطڻûˣһʱ䶼SϹָһ˵
һʲôʱĬʡ
һ¾ͻһΣϴǻ˵ǳżŵСɶ͹ԱǳżţûгɹϹε
Ĭ΢΢˵ͷһİѳżŪ簡ڳʱڹ⣬ǵҲò̽ټ
ѾȥSˣǵ˶ǱߵǺϤԲ̽ѶȡϹεǵ˶ȴϤԼļһԶԣȴǸò̽ǵټ
ҵϵܹǵĲ̽ڰȫϿ¾Ͳ̫ɿˣҪǵ͵ϮϾǶЩκϤSܵǷɵԼĬѵ
ϹһЦҲ뵽ˣҰйҪԭߣҾòŵʲôȫˡȻ⻰Щζܹξǿ϶Ķ֮ҪԼߣԼ϶ᰲȫö࣬ο껹ô֧֣Լý˻ϵ
ĬЦҿû˵һڣҶ㲻Ķ֡
רϰ书ģֻڸϳɫôȫ档Ϲ΢Ц˵ˣ㵱ʤ𣿡
ҲƴġĬԿЦ˵Ҫǵܸ͵㴦ãڿͳūˡ
Ϲ֪ĬڿЦҲõЦǺǣҪôɫūҾҪˡ
ˣν㣬㸸׵ķĹԶһȥݼһ¡ϹεĸҲ˼ĸףĬһӦ˼ȥݼһס
ϹĬͼæͷﲻԶһȥɡ



ڶٰʮ ½
ϹϵķĹɽׯԱߵһĹĬ˺ܿ͵ڼݵʱĬȴЩˬô˵˼ĸزȥϹ϶вСΣҪܹӼᶨ˼ĸ׵Ĺϵǿܱġ
ͬʱ뵽Լ¶õְ¶¶Ȼһȥ˹⣬ʱ֪Ҫܶٿѡ˼飬ȴʱҪӣΪֹϵǾԲģҪ˺ӺǷһ־޴ĸ
ڼ֮ȥ۶ĵطתһȦһֱĵֵʱŻصɽׯ
մȴǱӭһʮҵӣߵǰϹкһȻתĬ˵ϴδ˳´Ĭɡ
ĬĿͶеȣͷЩխƤһҪһЩոԵЩڣӿ˵ò˫۾ȴƷĹâ絶һ˵ľ״̬˼Ρ
Ĭÿɷص˵ͷϴ¡о˵Щƣв룬鷳İɣϴζͳ´ͽˣһѵΪҡ
ҵ˵ʱ㱾ҪģʹһЩֶβӮԵЩģ²ϰ֮ӦеΪɡ
ϹμƺĬ鷳ɫһЩ𱸵½磬ô˵ģҵĹӦöء
Щ⣬ɻ½ͳ쪳ͬΪԼ䶷ǿˣƽʱȴһĬԵˣôͻȻΪԼĿղ˵ЩԴƵζʵڲΪʲôͻȻתԡ
֪ʵ½ΪŶĬģ½Ůݴڣ½ȻеŮС˹ʱһ
С㣬Ҳʵʵ˵ȷʵ˲ֶβŴ˳´ġ½ĵ´Ǹ˵ˣȻԸҴȴӦðֻظ
ҪֹǾְɡϹüޣһ˪
С㣬½ͷȥɫԵЩΣĬ˺һᣬջǹ˵С㣬´Ϊγ㲻ΪСӾܵίɡ
Ĭƺµӵ˼ʵӲΪ쪳۵ǼеΪϹν쳤ʱԼˬ
Ҳ˵ϹĶȻϹαԼ⣬ȴԸӽӽϹνһֱԼкܲˣǾǼΪԼ
뵽ҲЩŭҿǹϹεģȻӦˣȻΪСΪңǴε鼥ңΪ˵
ϹǶǹȥˣʱҺСϤ໥֮䷢ìǺ飬ҵģõǰ𣿡
½ǸԽļһϹԽǰĬ˵ԽǲˬҲ͸ҪΪĬ˵֪ѣҲҪ׷ǼֻҾΪʵЩʣͬΪʿӦðģԶ¡
٣ֲˣҽʲôأĬаܱҪΧҵʱΪûд
ĬʶУȡʤķ֣ӲƴӲɵһ֣˵ͱ˴̣ܲܶǹȥӲƴɣҪҸεĵطԷǽƺͼƲߣ˵ʤ쪳۵û˿ס
½ĬԼĻЩм¸ŭƵڳ´֮ϣǽҵҪֽֽ̣㵽жٷ
Ϲ뵽Ǵε飬ԼҪ˵ȥȷʵЩƫ̻ĬˣȻƫ̻Ĭ쪳ۺ½ԼţҪԼ˼ֵ̫ˣ϶½вˬɵĽԺٻԼģʵڷԸ
ĬЩ˼˵С½ֱֵڿ죬㲻Ҫϡ
ĬȻ֪ϹЩΪѣҲǳˬЦֱڿͰˣҿֽ̾˰ɡ
Ϲ֪ĬԼ˷ͻ½һҪĬսҪȰһ׵飬Ŀת½˵½磬ҿֽ̾ˣҶԼˣαضֶŵģ
ҪԸ⣬ֻ˵£֤ʤ֮䡣½䶷ǳ쪳۲࣬СӸͲǳ쪳۵Ķ֣ҲӦòԼĶ֣ЩΪк¡
ĬȻһǸԽļһȻԼԣԼƫƫԸܸŭЩмЦЦܸ˰ɣƽ㣬ν㣬߰ɡ˵žǱߴȥ
ʲô̬ȣǱȶûбȣȻδսӣǲˡ½˵žҪǰĬ·
½ֹûУϹȻӣ쳣
ҡҡ½ɫͨ죬ջûаѿеĻֻԹŭĬȥ
ʱϹٴĬʾǸ⣺СղŵʵڱǸò㲻Ҫ֡
Ĭ΢΢һЦʵҲҲΪС¼ƽϵġ
ҲôСϹ΢΢һЦҾһơ
ĬһֱںϹ̸ϹҵֱϾŵĬŻصԼԷԴһᣬƾǣź˹ߣһ˵ĬĴϣϲ磬ⷿûǷ
Ĭõ΢ЦȻˣˣһˣȻӦխһЩ˶٣ЦǺǣռ˾ȴǿ
ʲô˾úʵ
ÿռеĬĽ͵
ҡҡͷס룬ʵ磬Ҫߺһ˯˾ǲҪͣ
ĬֻںͺÿЦȴû뵽棬Դͷ
Ҫ˯һ˯ҵ˾ˡ
Ĭͳƶû뵽ûô˵˲ԼͬذĿͶԷĿ⽻֯һ𣬶ԵЩΡ



ڶٰʮĻ ĸŮ
ãôһ˯ѵ£ĬЦ
ôһ˯Цǰһ˯İ
ƵǺðɣϾһ˯
ҲŲء룬˵һ˯ů͡
ĬæеģŮ˯һġ
òϴͽô˯һأʱһ˯ģӦý˼ģǳƺѾϰˣһʱҲĲ˿ڡ
ǲһģҺͽŮѣȻ˯һ𡣡Ĭ͵ҺǽܹϵͲ˯һˡ
ǳΪŮѾˡõ趼ϲ㣬Ǿһġ
ĬĻһпö֪ƽϲңƽǹõġ
ʵڲ֪ôý⣬ֻظźõͷãǴ˵飬㳤Ȼ׵ġ
ôˡС췴ӶݹֻҪϲͿһġ˵ͻȻסĬ֣磬ĺܺõģҪúö
Ҳ֪ĬΣæãѾˣھһ˰
һ˻˯һ𰡣⡣
ĬͳƳױСѾͷˣѾͷʵڹĹȫһ˲ֲܺ״ҲֻӶЦˡ
ã˼ԺӦýн㣬Ҫа̡תƻ⡣
ΪʲôҪаأѵ㲻𣿡õ
ȻӦýаˣˣòӦý̵ġ
ŶǺðɣԺͽаֵ̡裬Ժǽи𣿡
ЦԺɡ
ƺͺĬ˰СʱŻصԼ䣬ߺĬŲͨ˼ĵ绰
ϣڳµݵķµݺŮϹ
ΣεŮˣ
Ϲεͷˣһӣû顣
ôµݺ
ɣͦġϹʵʵ˵
ߣεʲôŮҿԶˡµݶ˶٣ʵĬĸܺðɡ
ϹӦͲˣƽ˵ͦõġ
֪ʶ𣿡
ϹεӦòᳬһʱ䡣
ǲǶĬҲһرĸоµݵ
ϹæôʲôоأУֻǸˡȻ˵ɣȴǷǳĬ˵Ĭ̫̫ľˣǵһصķԼķ䣬Ȼ·ȡʤԼڣڶԸ½ϼ
ôûиоأҿͦİȻҲµݵ
㲻رӦҺͰȫֵвĹϵ
ǲµݳһᣬ˵Σҿչչһ°ɣҾͲˣŮ˵
µȻԼԸǿŮԵкܴԹޣεŮˣȻͰԹŮϣּĬʲŮǶ˺кøУԲ뵽ŮŮ˾һ¡ȻȷŮܹʤ˼һ£ҲƽһЩ
Ϲĸ׵˼ԭǶԸ׵ĸ鹢ڻԼҲȥеŮһ£ȻĬкøУ֪ĬѾôŮ˾ˣԼôȥչ
ҿ̫ðɣڶѾ̸ۼ޵ĵزˡ
ʲôҺϰѾˣ軹ҪءµŭݣȻܹҺֵĸ飬ƾʲôܲǵĹϵ
̫ðɡϹʵЩΪѡ
ʵڶСûиоǾˣиоһҪŮ˺úһ£㲻ܳɹҲҪӰһ֮ĸ顣
裬ֺαأϹεȥ͹ȥˣαһֱϣֻԼú۵ģ
ôˣǸĺ֮ǰȻûеõֵˣȴõֵģңѵŮʹޣ
Ϲ֪ĸǸ޷ˣҪԼӦҪпԶиᣬǵǺðɣлῴ
ڶ磬ĬϹΡһȥһ˳żţΪȫǿҵĳżŹȻͬ죬деİ칫¥еĹӵļԱչųżеķɣرʮ¥칫¥ΧǶɫĲԶȥʵ׳
ģļţĬаԸ̾ӴҵȻһʮŮգһҵɣһ漣
ϹѾʮûлżˣڻҪľ߲֯飬ȻĬԼѾˣǳżűϾǺܴҵЩɶвСķȨЩɶֲʶĬҲĬμӳżŵĻ顣
ڻ֮ǰڰ칫
㣬һСμһҵɡϹεҵúøһ£Ҳûȥ塢ҵľ
Ƶаɣ˾ﲻʶҵ˿ɲ٣ʱˡ
ûµģһһȥˡϹ˵ţͰеԼǰԸ㣬һұȥҵתתҵܵܶ˽ǹ˾
ǸʮŮӣǱ׼ְҵװͲЦıһͺЩС۵һ΢΢һĬвЩɻ󣬶³ʲôʱһܵܣһԼ⹫˾ϸ˵ĹϵͬѰ
ĬСͿˡϹֶĬܵС㣬Լˡ
ںĬк󣬾͵ھȥɡ˵ţʹĬͳƳ˰칫ҡ
ĬȥıӰϹ˳˼뵽ĸ׵ĻСӻǲҷǳ壬Ǻú˵ĵ䷶
ֻǣѾ˼ŮˣһͱĹϵҲЩӣԼôչοԼϵĲԣ
ʵҲΪĸ˼ðʵڲΪһĶԹԼóΪˡ
ǲ˳ԸˣϹ̾һ



ڶٰʮ ½
ֱӣ˲ŻصϹõڿϹһĬʵЩģǾɢɢ˳鿴һķ
һȦȻڿߵһеֻͨ¶ĵ绰ڸʲôأ
Һһڿӡ绰ͷ¶ڸʲô
ûʲô濴羰
ǺһİɡԱߵȵ
Ĭæ͵ôأȻһˣڸΡ
ϧ¶Ҳߣֻûյʱǣƽʱ绰һ
ǣ㷢Ķ㶼ûлءҲ
ĬԼЩԩԼȻʱʱ̸̿Ǵ绰һ컹иСʱϰɣ֮ûмʱţΪʱںƽһι۳żţûע⵽Ķţʱȴڵһʱظ˵ġתһ룬ԼȻ˲ʱϵǣÿֵõʱ䲢࣬º绰ǰ˵ˣ¶¶УԼȴһΪŮ˵ȻЩ⡣
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ˣҵСֻʱģˣұ֤úǡĬ
Աߵֲڵ׼ʲôʱأܲҪһذɡ
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Ĭ쭳ǳҲǰԵֻ߷ֵֶʱ䣬ɽׯ·ֳ
ʱ·ֳѾۼ˺ܶˣǰľ⣬Ϲҵ˺ͳżŵˣϹεĸ׳µݺͳҲֳ
Ĭƺͳµݵǰ°̣ԲҴˡ
µһ˪Ǵ𱸵⵽ô£
ղҷɵˣȻͺͳ´һȥ׷ȥû뵽Ȼ˶Էĵɽ֮ơĬʵڰûڣľƵ仨԰ĴŷǳνȴԼ쪳ۡ½¡ĸڣⱾǷǳյ飬ԷʮˣҲ϶ܱԼĸ˸ɵԼͳ´뿪֮󣬾ʣ½͵¡ˣԷ־׼˰ܣöԷıóѵġ
ĬȫԼʧҪԼܹ㿴͸ԷļƲߣԼͲᱻǳˣνҲܱԷߡ



ڶٰʮŻ Ϲε¼
ǴⰡµɫ࣬ǳ쪳ʲôط
ȱ˻ˣȥҽԺˡĬ˷ʱ䣬뾡ȥϹαٵ˵°̣ȥ鿴һ¾һЊνϢ֪ͨ㡣䣬͹ȥ鿴·ֳ
¼Ĺһˣ˾ĸ߶ӣȻֳĬϹαڵݽ·ֳ
ϹεʱѾΪҵײͱըΣǺλðẓ́Աߵĵϸһ̲ѪּǾһҵǹսġ
Ĭڲ֪ԷǴʲôܵģҪ׷ٵû˿Ȱ鳹Ū㣬뵽ȥ½ѯ
ΪȻԷֻЮϹΣֱӰɱ˵ԷɱϹΣԼʱҲòŵİΣ
ֻа·Ū˽ߵĿģܹȷķˡ
ĬܿڽҽԺ;Уź˸绰Ϲαٵرĩ˻ӦϹڸɵģ֮⣬ʵں뵽ڶ֮ˡ
ʵеͻȻ绰ͷźأҾϹȫûбҪôɰϾºܴİѱ
ҲЩ벻ͨΪʲô˵ĳ嶯Ĭ鶼ѾˣҲֻȫϹˡ
ţϸ۶ǱߵİȫͨһǺϵ
Ĭֻ˼ʱ䣬½͵¡ڵҽԺҽ˵Ʋأ·ֻǼһǹ¡ֱۺʹһǹ
Ȼ˲أҪһʱģĬҲòȺ
һ֧̣һаѰ˼ϹǸĺˣ˵ûɶ½͵¡ʴȰ½͵¡ҲԊνģûܵ˵£ôܻÊν㱻ԷЮֶȥ
תһ룬ϹںϹαϾֶϵҪЮϹΣҲֻЭʲôľҪ˺ϹΪԼµİȫӦԷȥҲһ飬ҲǶԷû½͵¡ԭɡ
ңϹڻִҪϮʲô϶һϲ£ϹھԲһ¡
ڊν䵽ϹڵУϹڿ϶вżЭܶģʱ̬ͲÿˣԼֲ֪ν㱻ЮֵʲôطȥˣҪȳ治һ׵顣
Ĭݺݵһ̣ƨӵԱߵͰа𱸣鶼ԼĴϴھ˾οɭʱԼʶǳĵɽƣôûһأ
ʵĬΪԱȣϴμҵʱĵɽʵ̫ԣʱԵĬǰζ⵱ȻĬĻɣһΣĬͲ֪ԼΪԼصģű˳ȥ
Сʱ΢һЩ½ҽƵ˲Ĭڵõҽ󣬸æǰ½
½磬⵽ô£
½ȻŴҳǾ״̬ȴǲûбС㣬С㱻˸Юˡ
Ĭϸҽһ顣
ģڿҪɽׯŵʱǰһ̳ͻȻΪҪſˣҲûųʱͺȴͻȻԽҰǵм䡣½һǹδ֮ͶըΪ˲ըըˣǳš
³󣬶ԷҵĻ˲ͰҺ͵¡ˣСĴҲһǹ½˵ŭлżʹСΪ˱ƴӦ˺һǰȥҺ͵¡ֻؿС㱻Юֶȥˡ
ûãô붼С¡
ĬæⲻܹǣҪҲֻܹҵĴ⡣
ˣ´أ½ʵ
ˣƲءĬ˵ʱĿǡ½񴦣˫ƺûжپ֮вЩɻ½粢ûΪ´˶⣬ѵͲµ˳´Ҫ£úˣҳȥ̽һĬ˵ž뿪
ʱ½ȴͻȻ˵Сϰɣܴܲлһ˵ߴӿ㶵һMP3صݸĬ
Ĭ½ɫأ֪ǺҪϢæӹMP3ɫطԼȻ첽˲
صϣĬһ߽ɽׯһȡMP3϶ݡ
Сʵڲ˼ܾˣϹε
ĬΪǵʱֳ¼ȴû뵽Ϲƽ͵һɻôνȸԼ׼¼ʲôܺԼ˵ֻϹμ˵¼ʱ򣬱Ѿ˰ˣ㲻õģҵĲǱˣԼ
Ĭûмг܊ν˾ȻԼ⵽ô£
ģϹSҲҲټȷһĶüưʧˣͿ϶ļƻ׵ı¶뵽ԼԼ
Ϲ˵ԵЩھΣʵǺܱǸûа㣬֮㣬ǰ㵱ˣԵøӱ棬ΪصӵһˣҪԻǣҪʵݳ
Ĭǰԭν㲢Ǳ˰ˣԱԵһϷĿǴڰϹΪ˰ˣȻſֽν㣬һνͺ׿Ϲڵļƻˣڰǿķ
ȻĬ°ϹεƲߣȴмֲˬϾԼǰ֪ƻνôȫʵƭԼĸ飬һвԼݼɣ
תһ룬Ҳ޿ɷ飬ԼȷʵϹصӵˣ˵ԼһһϹڵļУֻҪԼֵԽΪʵϹھԽ顣
뵽Ĭв̾´硢½ǶԊνȻĵģΪϊνϷȻԸǹˣºû˿Թԡ
ǵݼǲԼǰǱıԻˡ



ڶپʮ Ϸ
ֻϹμ˵һܰȫĵطҪʧһʱ䣬ʱֻҪװѰҵӾˣúܺõġ
ĬȻϹε˼ˣȻҪװ٣ȻҪԼȫϣȻһ˵һѶȵ飬ǶھôĬ˵ȴһ£ҰսӵʱҪαװڻΪʱαװĵá
ǳˣ֪֮ǰйԹֻǲܰǵһЩǰμҵɱ֣ÿϹڣΪǰҵĻʹμҡϹζ˶٣ֱʾǸ⣺϶ΪԹңҲǱƲѣպ³֮һᵱǸġ
ȻĬϹεȻЩˬϾԼղǱƭˣֲˬ鲢һʱָܹġ
ͬʱҲЩŮˣȻãһԼ֮ĶԹĻǳ˿ӵеģο⻹ֻһʮŮˡ
Ůˣôܿһ˰ѹô˻ûҵˡ
һҪæһ£ڵĿ廳μΪοɭⳡϷ͸ðˣȻ֪οɭҲ޺øУԵSţȫбҪһҪԸĻºҿ϶ôġ
ĬȻȷοɭһԸϹⳡϷοɭҪΪ˸̫ľֻҪαװһ¾ͿˣټԼ˼ϵӦæĸʵҲС
ˣС˵ˣһº󾡿ϵģϹҵ飬ھʱˣ˵¼Ȼֹ
Ĭȡ¶һѽMP3÷飬ȻĹ·ϣǾԱܵģκκۼ
°̾һķչǱ仯޳ȻҾһݳϷɣƻɹϹڿ϶ϵģ⵹Ǳõöࡣ
ص·ֳȻڵȡ֤ƺͳµҲһֱԱߵĽγǽɫƺ֪ࡣ
ĬǰµæʵС鵽ε𣿡
Ĭ²µݲ֪࣬Ȼ鲻ǣǼȻϹûаȸǣԼҲܽ¶£ź˵ʱûв鵽ν۶ͰȫֵѾȫ׷ˣŲþͻн
治֪ô죿µ
Ĭæο°̣ܿǊνΪΪֻÊνЭĳЩ飬ֻҪǵʱӦ϶ֶϵϷŹνģҲòΪż
ؼһֱʹץס˻ᣬ϶úñεġµ̾һǻ쵰ҰҲ֪λԊζЩҪЮ
ĬҲֻŪԷͼ㣬ڊν䣬һȫ̽ġ
ҲοСܰ鴦õģҲҪ̫żˣżжԷ»
µݲ֪࣬Ȼ֪ĬжʵϹڶˣĬȻ˵ͷС鷳ˣ
ʵµݶĬʧЩԹŭǸܻΪ˴ŮˣȻ鶼ˣ𱸲⣬ʧȥĬڱҪĬԼ˿
°ģҿ϶ᾡΪġĬ˶٣˵Ȼؼȥɣ̫ˣʵЩȫǻȥɡ
µݵǺðɣȻȥ
ĬͻؼҺֵǲҪ̫ˣϢɣȥΧ̽һ
æСԼҲǧҪСһЩ֮Ա
ĬĿͶȥǡúͳ˫Ŀ֯һ̵ضǹе²ȻһæƿԼĿ⣬ȳȥˣһϵǡ˵žͿ뿪С
仨԰Ĭװģ·ֳ鿴һᣬſȥ
ĬҲûоȥڴĿĵйţ˵Ȼĵ飬֪ڿ϶˶ԼжģԼܹԻ˵ġ
ʱĬֻͻȻ˼ģæ绰װģ׼˯𣿡
ղſһţɵˣڻؼ绰ͷ˼
ϳ˵顣ĬȻԼ׵ˣʵڲ˼֪࣬ϾĹϵʵ̫شˣȵԼһݵ黹ҪشԼҲֻһˣνڻʱ˽ٳˣѰ
Ϲ˼㣬ʹദʱ䲻࣬ʼѪԵͨģôܲΪ˽ôౣڣôܱ˽ٳֶȥ
Ĭ龭˼Խһĩ˻һϹڸɵģȻμҲпܣ
˼æ϶Ҿ˾Ǹɵģ˵ٺϹΪеġ
ؼǳǰμҵɱ֣вСɡĬ˵ˣǺ˾ദʱ䲢˭֪᲻ķأ
һǾֿԲ󡣡˼ԵЩôȫûбҪӦǵġ
ĬֻԴϹڣ˼ִæ˭Ҳ¶ۣȹʱȻˮʯġ
ڴô죿˼ʡ
Ҫ߶һʱˣһҪʱȥ̨SһˣԱ̽һǱߵĬȥS̽ϹڵʱȥÿϹΪԼѰϹε䡣
Ǻðɣô㶼ҪСġ
˵绰Ĭ뵽¶棬ָǰ˸绰ȥڵ绰Ĭûкϵ飬һǲǵģԱԼƭǡ
ᵽ˸飬ĬȻ鷱࣬ǴӦ˻ȥһˣԼضһ˸ܹԻϹڡ
˵绰Ĭ飬һļԼڻĵϵǶӾģԼβһǶӵǿ϶˵ġ
ڴϹ˰СʱĬȥҽԺ̽˳쪳ۡ½ǣȻſصϹõȥʱѾʮˣµݺͳƶû˯˼ĬǰѯʰֻܵĬĴȴʧˡ



ڶپʮһ Ľѩ
ڶ磬Ĭųڸ۶Ľֵй䣬ͻȻӵһص롣
Сӣ绰ͷһŮӵȻЩͳĬóĽѩ
ģģĬԵúƽȴǰϲĽѩ㲻ԶǧӶңǰҵ鵱Լ鰡
·ɳ㳡пһԸɡ
õģھ͹һᡣĬ˵绰󣬾ͽ˽ɳ㳡յɳ㳡ͼǳվվһϤӰĽѩʱһɫװ̤һ˫ɫ˶Ь仹һڿǹЦӣȥʵС
ĬͣĽѩԱߣ֣Ľѩ㣬ϳɡ
Ľѩ򿪸ʻҵţĬԱߣЦӯӯС湻ģӾ͵ˡ
ҸղžǱһй䣬˳·͹ˡĬĿĽѩʵĽѩ㣬ʲôʱ򵽵ģôû֪ͨһҲȥ㰡
춼ôæбҪԽ𣿡Ľѩʵǽôţ
ڳ伸Ȧɣ鿴һһȥԸ۶ɫȣ
ĽѩЦصС鵽ô£ľϸ˵һأ
ĬҲĿ⾯ΧһۣȻľĽѩϸһ飬ȻʱûеϹεĿƣΪͲܱ֤˵İȫԡ
Լɲʱضտϣ˵ʲôʱͱ˰һĳ۵Ľ䡣
Ľѩ֮Щص黹湻صģôš
Ҵȥ̨̽һμҵȻȥһS
ҺһȥɡĽѩûоκ˼Ͱ⻰˵˳
㲻ȥһȥˡĬԼǷĽѩѾˣʵڲΪԼοS֮ʵЩա
ôǿҵ֣ĽѩȻ֪Ĭͼȴ⼤֯ҹģҪ㲻ȥֻ˵㿴ҡ
ĬһЦæ͵Ľѩ㣬Ҳ˼ֻǾá
ˣ㲻úҼˣҪ㲻ȥԺͲܵˡĽѩв
Ĭ֪ҪԼ˵ĻĽѩģǵͷǺðɣһȥ
ϰ˵ĬŴĽѩһȥϹõĬڰĽѩݸ߸µݺ󣬳µݶȫֵĳԱǳӭ֪ĬĽѩĹϵĵζԼĬദʱ䣬ϲЩȻ
Ϲҳ£۶ȫֶԴҲ˸߶ȵӣСΧСﰲ˺֣ܶԷֹ¹ʷ
ʹˣĬΧİȫȻܱ֤ϾϹǰҲסСҪ氲˻͵Ϯߣǲһѵ顣
°̣ƽ㣬ҺĽѩȥһ䣬ΧûʲôɵˡĬ
µݵ˵ͷǺðɣעⰲȫ
СϺ䣬ഩ·ȥɡƵС
ţ֪ƽ㣬ԼϢˣòŵǻ
ĬĽѩ˴СϹһȦȷûʲô֮⣬Ǳ϶ȥ
Ϊ˲˵ע⣬ӿķǳĽҹɫпȫһ£߹СţźߵĹ·С
źһȦűߵһųʱɫϰºСƹ£ΧɫȻǶĽһ񾲵ĻߵĹ£Ӱĺߣγһҹɫ
·Բƺ滹岼ٻɫĵƹ⣬滹ʱһһ΢紵ΧĿƺӯζ
ǰ˵飬ĬܰĸоĽѩã
⵺ϵĵƺܺãҪϢȥǾһ׵顣ĽѩǽҲ̫ĳ°ǵİΣֻҪȫѰϹξͿˡ
šĬĿѰ˼һܣȻؿĽѩĶߣ˵Ľѩ㣬ʵҲòŵϹεİΣֻӡ
Ĭ֪ĽѩҲǸܻϷˣ֪Ҳʱʱ˵ǳͣĽѩ֮ⲻеڶˡ
Ľѩ΢΢һ㶣漴Ĭ˼Ȼһ󶯵ȴԵúƽ΢΢ͷ֪ˣҪŶӳ𣿡
ʱãʱ˵Ĭ˿ʱ䣬Ѿ쵽ʮˣĽѩ㣬ʱ䲻ˣǻȥɡ˵ţ˳ֽĽѩӳ
Ľѩ󣬲ûкĬ֣˾ǣű߶ȥʱĬͻȻǱһĴһǣǻǸȻϨˣȻڵ̡
ĬͻȻһѽĽѩ¥˹ӵԼС
ĽѩĬĶЩ⣬ʶĬʲôԲûʵʲôˣ
ĬֻоһϢҲĽѩ㷢˼תƿǼĿͶǹĵطĽѩ˵Ǳи㣬Ӧ̡
ǻڼӵϵĽѩʵ
ܿܣղ̵ʱҿǴ̨ƺһԶģĶĬ˵ͬʱ˫ӵŸˣʱʱĽѩĦţڱ˿£̸顣
Ľѩʣȥ̽һ°ɡ
ţõġĬװųȥȻһǱĲȥҷڣʲôΣգͽɱ˵ţǣ仨԰ȥˡ
ڻ԰治۵ĵطȦȻӰһеһ̻У̻ûһǰǷֿ˸߸ģϾһӰҪӰ˵ע⡣
ڽǱ֮ǰĬ֪ͨΧԱҪԼʲô⣬Ǿͽ֧ԮĬţϣԼ֣Ӧÿ԰ȻȥǱһġ
ܿ죬ǶĲ棬ɫϸ̽һȷȫ֮һֻԳһɵطǷ
Ҫȥ鿴ͱ̨ȥĬһ۲һᣬ̨ϲûжˣȡղߣɾԾ̨ϡ



ڶپʮ ҹ̽
ܿ죬Ĭʹ̨ŽʮƽףһӰûУһŷȴ͸һ˿ĹȻˡ
ղĬעķ棬ȻĿˣĬǾðսȥ̽һ£Ŵ΢Ჽ淿Աߣ涯
һ̽ԷͼͲıԷˣţ㱻ԷˣԼҲܹ״뿪
ǰȴżһȻһڳ̵ӡ
ʱǱһԷͻȻһŲĬû˿ңͿԱиϴּ䣬û˿ԥϴּ档
ϴּǳԼӣȻԷϲȫϴּԶԷʵʩ
һʮƽ׵ϴּ䣬ϴּĴǹر˵ģΪ˲̫죬Ĭûж㵽棬ٶȶ㵽ź
ȻûôķĿľöԷ֮ͻȻԼڶԷ֮ʿסԷԼܹʳԷڴ˵ͼˡ
ĬźãǱߵĽŲſڶ͸ǰ͸ĲĬԷһŮӣв룬ȻǸŮģҽҪŮ˽ˡ
ܿ죬ŮӾߵ˲ſڣĬλһƬڣûб¶κϢŮӲûзĴڡ
꣬ĵƹˣŮ˳ֽŹ˹
һƣǹĬѾǹͷŮӵؿڴһѿŮӵ֡
Ĭͺһ
вңҶˡŮӵӦƽû˿塣
Ůֻһɫ˯£ű˯£ĬܹܵŮӼϢҲŮȻΪ֮ĶĬʱȴû˿ζʱ޵ľһ߹ϲţһߴӲŮӵò
ŮòԸУϤ쳣ⲻԼĳ
ôĬʵɻ
ϵǹûɿǵֵøˣУһĽɫһɱԼС̣Լĳ֮һ
㣡Ĭһ
ңңӦЩɡҲܵͣȻǲԱߵĸ֪Լ
ʹˣ춯ȻԱӵע⣬򿪷ţϴּһϴּ𣿡
ңӦһϴ衣
õĴ𸴺󣬴еɻǹŽԷ
ĬԳӦЩ⣬ȻԼǹָţǸղŵĻشȴԼƳĽĵĻаԲ⣬ƺ֪Լ֣ΪʲôҪԼأһ֪ڵ״
ôܵϴּˣ͵ϴɡҶ˵
Ĭû뵽ʱԼЦҪ֪ԼѶǹҪλĵˣ˳ס
ϻ˵ôĬ䡣
ӴС磬ôװȷʵǴҵԡˣ˺ôһأ
ĬʵûйϻвҪҷϻȻҶ㲻
Ȼû˿µɫʣ΢΢ЦС磬ڿϹε֣һ·ϵˣûбҪôԴҰɣ
ĬϹε¼νȷʵ˵Ѿ˳˵ȷʵԼһ·ϵˣСҲֻǰϹεİűˡ
ȻĬͨ㣬Ů˻ЩԹŮ˵ͰԼС̺ˣٴݺ˾˺СǣһСĳޣһʱܹġ
ŮȷʵǊνˣԼҪǾʹ˺ǲν㽻ģⲻЩΪѡ
С磬Ҫ㲢û͵ңҲƽˡ
ĬĻֱĴӵۣջǰŭ˵ˣȥ㷿˵
ô͵ǿ
ٷϻҾһǹ㡣Ĭڳߺݺ˵
֪ĬǿЦģҪԼڶ˵ϻпܰϴεĳޱŷЦǺðɣȥҷ˵
ĬȻûзſ񣬶ߵ˵ȥţ֪ˣ
šӦһȻĬĿ´ϴּ䷿ǱԷȥˡ
ԷĬ˳ְѷŹˣһ׼ŮңǷɫǽװΣµĻױ̨ˮζ޲Ů˵ζ
ԷչƺĬѳƵ˴ϣվڳǰһ׶ľ룬ǹͷһض׼ؿڴڴãҵʻ
С磬ͲһҿŮ˺𣿡ǽĵЦ⣬ƺԵֻһǹˡ
ĬС̵飬¸ŭ𣬲ԼŭŮ˲ûжôǲٰѷŭһֳֻЦǺģֻڶԴŮԼŮ˵ʱҴͲ֪Ϊ
㡭Ȼ֪ĬڰԼջסеŭ𣬻һ˿ԹŭֽЦ֪ǵΪģǶǹȥˣΪһȵӺӦð·ˡ
ţ˵ôɡĬ̵Ҫڰǰȥɱɷܹ·𣿡
һûɱˣǲûɱ𣬶Ҹ绹ˡȻģڶһûɷɱҲɰ
ѵúϻĬ˵ɣˣʲô
ҺҸ綼ס˿ˡмֵǴμ¼Ǿ˸۶ܵϹҵ룬Ϊǵܱ֮һ
Ĭ֪ϹɱҲСǵʱΪ̨׷ûȥϹҲһܺ顣
ĬвɵٴϹȻˣһһֱǲϹõⶰԼǰҲԴһ֪
Ĭҿǹȥ͵ΪֹɣҲҪǵġ֪ģɱ־ΪǮƴʱοַҪþ޶ŮѵȻҪŮѽаɱжˡ



ڶپʮ Թ
ĬȻó˵ЩȻЩˬΪǮͿɱ޹ǴβҺŮһȥˡ
ǳڷģҲȲѵΪԴǵ˵˵ˣºǶ˵Ҫȥοǰ˼˵ģû뵽Ȼο֣ʹǵĻԱס
ô˵㻹ǰˣĬЦ
Ҳô˵ʶ֮ҾҲûкΪ˰ɣǴμ¼ʱҲûк㷢ֱӳͻȻһ΢ЦҿǴӽԺͰǰĶԹ°ɣڰϹΣǵĹϵַͬһ㣬Ҳһ·ˣ
ĬҲԼȷʵûбҪԹԷ˼ְҵɱֻ֣ǰԼСϰˣԼֺαضƽϣ˵ˣԼҪһĶԸϹڣİϹΣǵҲһɲС
룬ʵղӦ֪ȥϴּ˰ɣΪʲôҪץš
ֻú̸̸Ҳסǵʱ򻹲󶯸ɸ໥˵κһǶһ°ﵽǼĬڸ̨ʱ͸ˣûеƣǹ䵽ĬУĿľ˽յĶԹ
ûдҴ֪Ĭ֪ǳĸ磬ֻǲ²ǳĸ硣
׸ѡ˵ţԸԱߵĲˮһڣȫһǹָŵˡ
ĬͻȻԼǹĶЩɵƣ˼ҶԼǹڵˣԼҲܿǹǹָʲôȻذǹԱߵһ£һӡ
Цһ£ҸƢûôãϴαˣڶ㻹ԹأҪǸղżˣǻʹ𣿡
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Ȼ֮ĶԹһʹˣҸ磬ϣ㲻Ҫڰ˿ˡ
ǣ˵Թһʹ𣿡ĬЦ˵ˣҪǰҵ֣Ҳֻܰˡ
ôһˣͲһ𣿡һᣬʵҪôܲټƽǰˣ
ĬʵͲټƽˣֻлǶŮЩҪȥ˫ֽŵǰɫԵúǽ档
ιҪôǸУͷһҪ·ӣѲҪ˯һ
ĬЩмȻ㳤ûԣӶŮ˿ɲ˿ȤѹǰҲԸ࿴һۡ
ˣ˵˵ĴɡĬڰ
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ڳ˼˼Ӻ涯ȥˣעΧ鶼ȫ˳ղŸͲ֪Ĭ롣
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ҪˡĬӲ
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ȻҲǸˣĬҲǼ׷վ˵ȻȥˣԼΪ֮ɡ
ˣһ£·иŮӣڼӵϵһϹġ
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Ǻðɣ磬Сȥ
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μǹɱοֵСư鶼й˳ȴӹ̨׷׷жȻڼҲòʱʱ̿һ㡣ڴ½£½ܣ۶ġ
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˵úеЩˬô˵Ƕ̫ĽӴˣʱڱͱһ
ǵȻЦЦڱϻúѺõĹϵڿϰ÷˵ϰ֮أȻܺϵ̫ӡοַ򸾳ºϹξͳ˳ϰ壬ȻԸϰߵйˡ
ǵҲǣ΢΢ͷȴǶøŷ



ڶپʮĻ ·Ϯ
ĽѩΪĬͶԷʲôͻڼŴ󷽷߳оʵЩ⣬æǰʵСʶˣ
Ĭ˵ͷǻȥ˵˵žͺĽѩһСŶȥ
صϺ˲ûӣȴһųϰ
Сղŵô£Ľѩʡ
ϴʱٵŮɱ֡ĬӦѾϹεˣֻǼӵϵİȫ
ԭǡĽѩΣʵǰǰɱ˼ѵ֮ûзͻ
ŮҪҺͽ⣬ҿͦгģҲƽ̫ˡ
Ľѩ˼ص˵ͷţҪ˵ʱǻǻԹá
Ĭ룬ֵˣǳ˵һɵˣʶӦòȥ̽һ°ɡ
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ʱĬֻˣ¶ģĬ˼ĽѩĽѩ㣬ǽȥɡ˵߽˵绰
Ľѩɫһ˿˸У漴ͻָЦĬһȥ
ڶ죬Ĭȥйһ죬Ľѩ˵ϸӰȫ⡣
ʱ֣ĬƵؿˣɽ»ҪһľĹ·Ĭ׼ǰһ󿨳ʱ򣬴󿨳ȴǲͣر任ʼ赲Ĭǰ
ˣ󿨳ôһֱԼĬĵȣ׼泬ȥȻǴ󿨳ҲߣȻǲĬ
ĬͻȻʶʲôĿɨһߵķ⾵ȻֺҲͳ󿨳һĬĿλһǼĬγβֱӳ˹
ĬʶԷ뽫Լװ˲ȥ˼Էͷֽסֿ̣ٴӻͳһ֧ǹʱ׼Է
˲͸߶ȽɲǰǰϷˣЩڵĿֻһɱԼ
תۼ䣬һ󿨳ѾĬγ棬Ϳոճ˲䣬ǿĴھȻͻȻһ֧ǹĬɨš
žžžӵ˹ǷϣһҵĲڲûȫرգķ϶ǲͣӵɽĬͰͷȥʱԴѾ˰ӡ
ڶԷӵ಻ϣĬûлǹĻᣬȴֻһֱͷʱۿĴ󿨳Ҫײˣ֪ҪԼγԷײϣԼ㲻ѹҲȻᱻڽγʱ򻹲ԷӵѰ
Ǵ󿨳󿨳ѾȫסԼϹ·Ե·ǴﻹڲͣӵȻҪͻǲܵġ
мǸмȻлľǸ̨ײǺܸߣһᣬ˲óײΣգ͵ؽ̼ת
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ͻȻ䣬ȴɹһʹ󿨳ʹ󿨳ǲʻڳʻĬ޴Ϊ˲ԼĳײĬæת̣һοм
һΣĬûֱӳײǰ˸ϣΪͳ͸֮һ׶ľ룬ӦùԼγȥ
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һþòĦ죬ͳĬĽγͳͽγķ⾵һˣĦĵطһĻ𻨣

Ÿߵĳ˿ͽסǷӦô֮󣬶γ˾Ǹӡͳڵһʱͣ˾ĬȥĽγ쵰ܣ⡭ʶǱǹս󣬵ڵȴӲжˡ
ںʹͳ֮ĬѾȡ˼ʻ̨ﰵŵףһʻһƫȻǲ󷽵Ĵ󿨳
ײƫǡ˴󿨳ǰִһ춯صľ죬󿨳ǰ־ȻӲըˡ
ǰַ˺󣬴󿨳Ȼʹˣҡ£Ȼһһ󿨳ײһ
󿨳ͣڿܿҲͨˣһװĺ档
ΪײͣĬĽγȴȻǸǰʻţת۵Ĺ˫˺ܳһξ룬ĬҲȫΣա
ʱǰһ·ڣĬתһĻߣɾͻص򳵵
һۺ泵ǿտĴϸͿһӰȻ󿨳Ѿѹ·ˣ°мֵ⣬㼼ҲɱңȻȥѧɡ
ȻΪҵĳײΣĬںǊνĳͲҪԼ
Щ£Щһ϶ϹˣԼȻôһϮҲȥ
ȻϹڿʼж˵ԺʱпܶԳµݺƽǷڽһʱһ뿪Ϲõ
ĬţϹõĵṹ͵õĸ֣ϹʲôֶζɱȥϾ⻹Ƿᣬܲһɡ
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ĬʵشͻȻҼסˣҵĻңҷӦ죬ڹؼʱеǵľ
ĽѩæĬϵƣû˰ɣ
Ĭ΢΢һЦȻûУ˲ᣬպûһˡ
֪ʲôĽѩʡ
ӦϹİɡĬϹڼν㱻˰ˣҲͳסˣҪҿĽѩ˼ص˵ͷǽöСһЩر㣬Ϲڿ϶ìͷ׼ġ
֪ҲҪСġ



ڶپʮ Ѷ
ϣĽѩͼȫԱȥ鿴ǿ˵ˣĬڵϼ鰲ȫֱϾŵĽѩκӻص˵ϣǰѺһʮҵŮӣŮȻòƯȴнĶУȻġ
Ľѩ˲ûкķѶپͰץˣо仰ǹ׶㣬ѷĽѩ͵ϮŮӿסģŮҲʶȤ֪ʱҪԲû̫ν
Ĭ´һŮ֮ȻȫֵԱѺϹõһܵôִӰýʵʵ
ĬŮӵǰʵ˵ɣ˭ġ
ŮƳĬһۣߵƾʲôץңҲκģɽׯľ񡣡
˼ɽׯκһסߣﶼм¼ǲûļ¼Ĭ˫صŮӣȻпʲôоǣǰȫֵˣȫ԰˽ץ㲻ҲС
ŮӸĬ˵ʹҲ֪ôĬΣ˵÷ϻˣҪôôҰɡ
ĽѩҲȰʵ˰ɣȻǷˣνĵֿûõġ
Ůһ仰Ҳ˵
Ĭȼһ֧̣һڣĿĽѩһۣĽѩ㣬Ů翹ֻж˽ˡ
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ʮӣ˵Ľѩ˵ţǰƶ˼ȻˣҪһһ
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ĽѩĻԼŮúܽȻǴ£ۿͻȻˮ˫Ҳ΢΢š
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ŮӰԼ֪ϢĬĽѩУĬ֪ϹڶSĶSװţסĸλãŮҲ̫
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ϹڻѾϹαܵʵһʱԳżŽйڹĸϸƻŮҲö֪
ʾһСʱĬĽѩӵ֮ѾʮˣĽѩĬһۣʵС׼ôŮģ
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Ľѩ΢΢һЦŮ˻ͦϧ𣬲ղװùҶΪҪ˼á
Ҫʵҿ˵ĬĬһᣬֵĽѩ㣬ҿ㻹ɣһȥ̨
ĽѩɫһЩ˵첻˵һȥôͱˣ
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ĽѩĬĻ˵ˣһҲϷһЩɣȻ˼Ҽһ˹ģŹأ
ĬĽѩһۣͷǺðɣϢ
ջԷƾ͹ˣĬæ˯ˣ
ո˯ȥʵҪȥ̨壿
ǵġĬÿȥοɭ̸һ飬Ը͊νһֶԸϹڲ
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Ĭƽ͵˵ΪںգǲҪųգʱǶԷױ¶ʱӦȥ̽һ¡
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ϴγϺ羰ʶĬģԶ˵Ĭرļġ
ĬҪܾǵ˫ʱջûаѾܾĻ˵ӹϸ壬Уһúðϵġ
ðɣϢҹȥˡ
Ĭ˿Ǿµ壬ЩįıӰ²ɵ̾һ



ڶپʮ οɭ̸
ڶʮĬͺĽѩɻ̨·ɻһǼƵҪһһ׷ڿɳ̸
Ľѩɳϣ˫չ˸һЦ˵һоǲ
ȻͶһɫĬ輸ϵһӣϸĽƤȻһָĽѩӡ
Ľѩӹһ꣬ţ𰡣ĬһᣬֵǲǺǴϺʱסǱݡ
Ĭ뵽ǴϺĽѩסһ龰ʱԼǺĽѩͬסһ׷ҲǸϣԼŸε˽Ľѩ㣬𽥷չ΢Ůϵ
Ĭ΢΢һЦȷʵЩ񣬲Χķ羰ȴûķ羰á˶٣ֵĽѩ㣬׼һȥ˼˾˼һˣҪϲܻ
ĬʵĽѩԼһȥԼĽѩĹϵʵЩ΢οɭֲԸ⿴Լ˼ŮӹϵԻǲһȥĺá
Ǻðɣһȥһ䣬ҲϤһߵ
ĬЩεһȴܺú䣬ʵЩ˵ȥ
˵ĻĽѩȻһЦʱڣ㲻ҺպٺúҲ١
ȫû⡣Ĭ˵ɣȴǰ룬Ժصһúú¶¶ǣжʱĽѩ㰡
뵽ĬȴǰԼκò׺ĽѩһһҪúȻʵڶԲԼôĸ
һᣬȻһȥ¥һٷĬοɭסȥ
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οɭ˽˻οɭ˱һЩ¾ƲˣȻóƿʮİͼ˹Ĭߺȱ
οɭԸĬһƣЦӯӯǽȸʹ졣
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۶Ǳߵ黹˳ɡʱοɭ˼ͨ绰֪Ĭȥ۶Ϲȥˡ
ЩӡĬɫ΢Щأ˾ˣϹα˰ܵ飬㶼֪˰ɡ
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Ĭһھƣ̽˾ˣ֪ģ˼Ϲڶ÷ǳңϹS鱨ֵıͼSŵ֧֣ռ˺ܴϷ磬ϹڵҪӮⳡҲһ׵顣
οɭɫһҰһϹΡ
ǵġĬ֪ΪѣϹοǴæŵ֮϶ôġ
οɭĬ˺һᣬŵľбҪ𣿡ҪġĬ˵ϸ˵ϹڲĳУϹһûбҪɶ֣μұĽǶ˵Ҳǿ϶ܴеõôģ˾ôɫһˣܵõô᲻ȥأ
ǣС˵õҲмֵοɭЦЦϼҲ˼ٹɷݣȻǾӦðǾͰɡ
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ĬһЦϹξһŮˣôô׾͸˰أֻԻϹڰˡ
οɭĬ˼޵Ȼһ֣Ҷ㱻ƭˡ룬ʵô
ϹΪμҰܵģֻҪæһϷˣоպҪʽʱ㾡֧һ°ɡ
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ڲһεĵطҪЩѣҿͨһµ绰
Ǻðɣҵĵ绰ˡ
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һˣͽ̡οɭ˵ɫЩڱصȥˣʲôԲˣֻȴӰһļңȴ
ĬȻοֵӲûжٺøУǻЩͬǵ̾һСҲ϶ܺڣֻϧкҩأӰǳ󣬾ͨ顣οɭȻҺ￵ֹһǣǸôҵĻ
Ĭа룬ӵĸĸһݺ˾ˣӸ˿ûаѾ˾˷أھ˾ȴֹܽǵ˼˾˻һˣֻǣʵЩ£ܹ˾˵飿
Ĵʵ̫һ㣬Ҳǻûдȫָɣʱ䳤һ㣬ȻĹеġĬ
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ϳĬҪݣοɭϾ˯ɣﻹҪȥ
ĬɲĽѩһ˹شڱǵҿͲˣøϹڵ˿ǵļƻ
οɭ֪S鱨ֵ̽ǿҲĬ˰ĬͳС
Ĭ뿪οɭ󣬲ûмŻرݣǸĽѩ˸绰һ½֡
ȻĬ֪ϹںɵԼڲϹڷԼ̨Ϊ˴̨Ŀģ˺οɭ̸һ⣬ҪԻһϹڣбҪϹڷ١
ȻȫΪԼİȫǣϹȿǲ̨֪ˣҲͲȰʲôɱжϹļƻĽѩҲӦ뿪̨ˡ



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ŮǱˣοֵŮᡣ
Ѿͷôһ˭Ĭæת˹ȥⱻ֣ᷢϴֽѵŮ֪ʹԼҪԼˣֵ÷һͻ
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˵ıӰһۣ˵ЦаһЦǰҵɴУֺαȥأ
ʮӺĽѩĬԼĵطĽѩһ΢΢ЦСеģܹ뵽ҹ֡
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ǺðĽѩЦҿһҲȷʵеˣ͸ûһ˵ţ˳Ĭ֣ҪǱߵ̳ȥ
Ľѩȥ̳Ǹղ˽ȥĵطĬɲȥţæ㻹ûгԷɣԷȻȥúù䡣
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Ľѩ֪˼С˼ο֣˵ųô飬Ȼְ
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͵һϹҲӦþռμҵϢǺμҵĲƲӲǺǵȾɡ
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ĬΪ˲ῴԼԲûֱӸٵ̳ȥ˾̳ȶԷٲ̽ǵ
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Ĭװһεӣ磬ղǲСģҿҲ̫أ͡˰ɡ
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ţҺһȥʻԱ˵ţһĬǱȥˡ
磬ϰ嵽ʲôأøӣĬʵ
ҴԻõۣ˵ӣ
ԻãĬľګҡҡͷû˵
٣Իöû˵Ĳ̨˰ɡʻԱֵ˵Իÿĵһݣϰ̨幫ϵĵһ֡



ڶپʮ˻ ᷢ
Ĭո뿪Ǳһ˵ĵطοɭ˸绰˾ˣ֪һ۵˰ɣ
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һۺϵĸߵֲ׷кݳŵľưɣָߵӦоУһǮľۻ֮ء
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ΣȻô˵ңĬа룬ҪԼĻĽѩ㻹ӳģ



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ǺãȽȥˡĬӹǹһǰһС



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˽λãĬڵСսСԺӣͼһ򳡴С䳡Ĭ׼䳡ǰ̨ͻȻһСӣ㵨ǲСȻһ˴۷
䣬䳡ϼյĵƹͿˣλεĹâյΧ硣
ȻԷˣĬûиеʲô⣬ΪͲµ˶ԷǹԼģڶԷѾ⻰˳Ҳòڶˣܴ󷽵ߵ䳡м䣬΢΢Ц̶ֲѨƾʲô˵ͬʱ˫ϸǰ״
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ĬΪ۸ղԼķȣȴоĲԼԣ²ЩɻһﲻӮ²ķôηηˣ
뵽ھƵʱı֣ʱҲѲԼѲûж汾£һֱҺԼԵС뵽ĬˣһЦٷϻˣҪٲֻ˵ڹ˵



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صѾʮһˣĬɳһ˵Ľѩ㣬ȥϴɣҴ绰
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Ĭ΢΢һ㶣ܿͲ׽ĽѩǴı飬ҲЦҵǺ밡һļֻĸϻ֪ˣҿɾˣ
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ĬЦʵǶǴĲ簡ҿõĵǽϻ᲻ֻĸϻԵ
㹷²ĽѩĬһۣȻͽԼԷȡ·ȥˡ
ĽѩǿȥӰĬЩԳҪĽѩһԧԡǾһ̼顣
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һȥ˾˼Ҿ˰˼ǷǳĬĽѩͬ¹ϵģԲ
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ĬʱĽѩĵεΣҽԺչĽѩ龰Ϻ羰龰ɭֹ԰һСë龰ڵʱĵ龰һͬʵ̫̫ˣڻ̵ĺۼ
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ڣƬ촽һ
ȻѲǵһˣеĸоȻѪȣرǶĽѩ˵ָоĻֻϴκĬǵʱ򣬶ָо̫Ϥܿͽ˼״̬
ȻĬҲǱһܣÿ˶ԼûеõŮ˲еĸоһִ̼ĸоʱ̶
֪䣬ĬѾͷĽѩ۵ĿУĽѩҲǳĬĶ˱ͷͷഥ˲䣬ĴС
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ĺһѹϣȻذε·
ջǰֻǸ̾ĽѩǸŮˣԼǲҪչʰĵزΪãһΪ
ĽѩƺĬ˫۾Ŀںһ˲䣬¾Ȼһ˿ھΣҲ֪Ĭڴ״̬ȷʵûкĬƸ׼
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ֻǣԱ˶ĺϢ˵㣬ͷԴļѹôôͽ磿
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ʱʹڱıԵ
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ĽѩҲܷܷסĬ˵
ҹϢˡ



Ļ ƽĽѩ
ڶһ磬Ĭ˹һӦиĴѹԼϣȲַַĸо
ʶ뵽˼ǵŵ˼ʱ뵽Ľѩ㣡
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ĬĽѩ˯һᣬʵ˯ˣ˴ͷϣǰǻ谵컨
ֺ֧̣еĽѩ˺Ҳֻס롣
Ŀ䵽Ľѩ˯ϣȻȥЩʣҲΪŶ޷չĴڣӿȻر¶ӣΪ֮
Ĭ뵽ϴɽϺĽѩ˵ĻʱԼ˵ҪȥһȻԼеѶȥסĽѩ㵱ʱҲ˵ҪȥҪ飬Ǹöã
ĺĽѩԶԼߣȴЩףԼܺܺõչ˼ˣôټһĽѩأ
˵ˣŮŮ˼ҪԴ׵ģ˵ڣԼҪǸ˼̫õĵ绰ˣ¶¶С϶ģԼҪǸСĵ̫ã˼Ҳ᲻˵ģҪټĽѩ㣬鲻ø鷳ˣ
Ĭ̾һôìܵģЩԼҪӵоܹӵеģԼܹõĽѩĵһΣѾҸˡ
ҲĬĸ̾ЩȴĽѩ˹Ľѩ˫۾Ա߳ӵĬҲܿϵ顣
ϲԼĻһ˿ǱϾĵһΣָоʵ
ܿͲĬϵǳҲµǳæЦʲôأ
Ĭע⵽Ľѩ˹æĿ䵽ϣ΢΢һЦûʲôĽѩ㣬㲻˯ˣ
ôĽѩ㣿Ľѩлһ˿֣Ͳܽеһ㣿
Ĭæװģװı˵ŻĽѩͷһڡ
ǣأֲСŮĽѩЦϵ飿
Ĭ΢΢̾һûֱӻشĽѩʻ
ĽѩĬһᣬЦˣ˵Ҫģ͵ʲôûзҲҪ㸶ʲôεġĽѩȻ˵ɣȴһʹǱϾһΰҪ˵һҲںǸǲܵ顣
ֻǣĬŮĹϵԼܲҪǣȻԼðɣ
ȻҲ˼һȻΪԼĬİСѾͷϾǸ˳ּŮһһʱỹǽܲˣοҪĸһõĽ
ϵȴû˿ĺڣԼܰԼһ׸ԼİˣⱾһҸ˵ˣʮŮˣҲӦýԼĵһ׳ȥˣȻȥԺ󱣲׼ʲô
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ĬһʱҲ֪˵ʲôֻн§Ľѩůӣþû
˾ӵţֱʮӺĽѩŵ˰ɣ쾭۵飬㻹ǻ˾˼һ˵ĺá
Ĭ룬˵һȥɣǵܹϵѾμҵıں֪ˣҪҾ˾ǰһͨǷҾ˾˻ɡ
ĽѩĬ˵úеҲĬֿǵͷǺã·ù
ĬùĽѩڵݸ֮ǰõϢǰᣬ϶ǣ⻹㰡
ͷĽѩӹ·ĬһۣȻƿ´ĬһԾعۿ˴·һ̡
ҿºĹҿۣһ񡣡Ľѩ񱳶Ĭ
Ĭæȥϸذ֡
ĽѩĬ׾Ͱˣвɵٴθ̾ЩȻС£Լȴ鷳ҪܹԶԼǸöã
οɭŲϾŵ࣬ȻοɭԼĽѩڼĬ˹Եм⣬Сλǣ
ĬŲæذĽѩܸοɭȻʵ˾ˣûʲôɣ
һڻڼأҲȥѧУˡοɭ̾һԴǴ鷢ǺӾԵЩˣһƣĽ治֪Ҫʲô
ĬҲ֪ھҵڣ׿ԼǰĶԹϣܹŮתһŮϾ˼ıá
ֻǣ֪ŮԸ񣬶Լìܴûнʲô취תأ
Ĭ΢΢̾һ˵˾ˣҿҲѰæСúú̸̸ɣ̹ܲܰܽܽᡣ˵СãοɭС񽿣Ȼ񽿵ӡ󲢲ãǱϾĹùãҪܹܽһֶŮһЩ
Դοֵ鷢Ȼûοɭȴһֱս״̬һֱΪʹкܴĹϵټǰԴԹʱȻ˶ͷοɭȴΪμ䵽ĵزСŲжΣҲһֱûʾͺõ
οɭĬô˵ԵЩΪѣҳ˵ǿ²̫ðɣϾǰԵø׽һЩȴһˡ
Ĭ룬˵ҲûʲôֻҪͺãӦܹܵģϾֵĳܴͬҲӦòϣμڶȥˡ
ţ԰ɡοɭĬֵСʱԹƺܴ㲻ɣ
ҵĬ΢΢һæЦҲûаѵңкܲʰɡ
Ǻӡοɭҡҡͷһ޿κεӡ
ˣ˾ˣ˰׼ȥķɻƱɣ׼ضһˡ
ôžͻȥˣοɭô߶죿
ǹ׼Ҫȥһˣضǩ֤ȻĬᶫһĿľǿһ¼ļ˶ˣر¶ڿͦһӣԼܲܳʱԶɡ
ǺðɣһͽȥƱ



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ڶ磬ĬĽѩص˶˶кܶûлؼˣ˷ɻ󣬾͸ԸԼš
Ϊ˸¶һ⣬ĬûаԼؼҵŮֱſڣɳϵŮŷӦ˹
ʱ¶ڴëߣڴ壬Ůڼʵ̫ˣȻС
¶ĬſڣæͣסеĻϲſڣС㣬ôˣ
ٶȽеĴӵԱɳϣȻٳ嵽ſڣһĬĻС
Ĭһůæһԣ˫§潿΢΢Цʱģûü֪ͨǣ
֪ͨһҪܳʱ䰡Ѷ㷢ûзӦ滹ԵЩȭͷĴĬĺ󱳣´Ҫôʰ㡣
Ҳ͸һϲĬЬһ֣¶ϡ
ʱ¶Եøͦˣ֮һ̬ʱȻȱ˶ղΪж㲢ûеſӭĬĬߣÿĬˣһסĬĶ䣬ûСӣΪʲô֮ǰһ
ĬæģӴӴһ㣬´βˣ
¶Ĭ䣬Ҳ£סĬһֻ䣬ҪǻһΣǾͰ˽Ķ䡭
һᣬƽĬַŵ¶Щ͵Ķϣʵ¶¶ûʲôʰɡ
¶ЦðɣǿζϺǰвٲ𣬾Ҫ˼ǵŪˣʵ鷳ˡ
ôô˵أҶһˣ˵ʲô鷳鷳ġĬ˵ȴǰʱ˼չ¶¶ˣε˺ҵúúòһǡ
ˣҸĬſڣصɳϣȻ󷭳һЩе̨زֻС˻ϲȸԾ
ڿ¶ͻȻԼĬΧæЦһҴΧ˵輸ǻûгɵëΧĬĲϡ
ΧȻúǼ򵥣һֻһ룬ĬУΧȴǳΧڲϸů˷һ̵ĸо
ˣҵĴ塣ҲùԱߵĴĬǰչ֡
ĬӹϸһһԧϷˮͼֻԧѾͣȻϸڲֻû깤忴ȻƯĬͷû뵽ȻҲôĶʵҳԾ
ιʲô˼أһɣɵŮСôѵң
㻹ɰ¶Цӯӯô򵥵Ĵ嶼˺üأ
֮ǰŴʱ򣬾ŪĬǰҫ¶Ҳ̲סһˡ
¶¶Ȼô˵ôʰ㡭˵ţҪǰɦ¶
ҴˣҴˡ¶æġ
ŮϲӣĬ¶һ˿ĵ΢Ц
ʱ˼Ҳӷ߳ˣȻ˼֪ĬҪؼңǿĬ˳Լǰ»ЩΪҲ¶ڳ͹ӵĬС
ĬҲнʮûк˼ú˵ˣڼæ˼֣˾˽Ҵġ
˼ߣӹĬݹһ֣΢΢һЦСӾȻôණҲۣ˵žͰѿеʳŵߣؽһڣ¶֮ɫţζ治
λüٹȥ˰ɡ¶ͻȻʵ
ĬЩε¶׼ȥһˣҪǱߴʱ䡣
ǱȥʲôѲɻĽѩȥΣ˫üһɫԵЩҹҪˣ㲻ᶼμӰɣ
ǵģҪȥһϹڵĬæЦģⲻҪõ飬ҿ϶ǰϻ
˼ɫȴԵЩǣǱ죬ϹֶôϤҪ֪٣ǿ϶Ầģҿ㻹ǲҪȥ˰ɡ
Ĭ˼˵÷ǳеԼڸ۶Σգ˵ȥزĶˣؼϹڶԼʵ̫ϤˣҪǵʱԼͻȻϮԼпܹҵȴԵЩΪѣιϵشҪǲȥǱߴ̽һϹڵϢʱ˫ͲռȻˡ
ҲȰǰȫûбҪȥģҿ㻹ǽ֯ȥɡ
˼˵֯ĸӦò٣Һܶ˶ϹڲʶģȫбҪ񽻸ˡ
Ĭ˼ε¶˫ЩȻı飬ͻȻоԼϵĵӣǰ½սӵʱȫԲȥеڣΧôҪԼչ˰ҪԼи̣Ժô죬¶¶ĺӸô죿
ĬͻȻʶԼʼ˼ĴԣԼϵĵӣѾԼǰǰ㲻Ƹ˵ʧˣοȷʵʺԼĽѩȥɣ֯ȥ̽ȫ԰ɵøá
뵽ĬͻȻȥĴ㣬΢΢ͷȰ֯㱨һ°ɣô˵ҪȥǱߣһǵȥ
ҪȥҲȥ˵ûиٹʣȫòôġ
Ĭ֪ǵԼİΣֻЦ֯ļԿɲһ仰ܵģҪҸҹȻΥ˼ǿ϶ñصȥ
ô𣿡¶ҲڵҪһӷ֯İţ
ҲûҪĬ˽֮ȫ˵ģʱͿԺúˡ
ĬĴ㣬Ȼﰲȫ飬ԼӦöʱǣر¶¶ڶѾͦˣԼôܼ汼
̫ˡ滶ϲȸԾʱǾͿԳȥúˣȥǻĵ桭
ĬҲԼڻĵϵǶӣȻӺǼȷʵлȥǵһµҲʧΪһܰ飡



 
֪ѾʮһˣĸҪȥŪģĬȴ˫ַĸ׵ļͷϣ裬Ūɡ
ĸ״һЦʲôأŪɣú¶¶ˡ
Ĭþû³ˣһüŮƷһԼգǵɣ˵ҪǳյģЩҲ۵ˣͺúϢϢɡ˵ţĸ׵Ķͷһڡ
⺢ӡĸҸЦݣţǺðɣŸ¶¶Ĳ˷ŵһ㣬ӵס
ʱҲ˳΢Цɡ˵ţ˵׼æвˡ
Ĭĵ΢΢Щ⣬ѾͷȻ֪ܣĬʵЩĵҪСİָţǶ鶼ˣæֹˣ㻹ǱæˣȥǱɣһȫæù
ҾҪ㡣
Ĭ룬˵Ұ㶹ɣвˡ˵߶˵
ȷʵõҲֻùȥˣ㶹еʱͷĬιˣϴβ˵ѾΪ׼ܲ͸¶һ£
Ĭʲô棬Ҳ˰Լ׼ˣΪ˵ʱһϲȻ͸¶ˣֻ˵й©Ҳȵʱ֪ˡ
ͷûصĬһۣʱҪǲĻСӾˣ
磬Ĭȥһ˰ȫ֣֯㱨һ飬ᵽȥS̽Ϲڵ֯ϸһµǰƺվǰȥϾϹڶĬĽѩʶģȥSҲж
ӣĬջؼ¶Ҫؼҵ뷨Ϊʱ棬ټϰȫ⣬¶϶ĬжȹģϺ
ȻĬҲ˼棬Ҳ¶ѴǺԥشӦȥҡ
¶ĸŮĬ󣬶Цúϲ£죬æŮɳϣѯʱ
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ǾͺáȴԵЩã˵⺢Ҳǵģôöһˣѵ治ﵱˡ
һĸ׵ĽǶ˵ȷʵŮʱΪЩŮûгɻˣȻסĬлؼңʵЩ˵ȥ
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ͲҪˡٻԵЩλ죬ȻǿҪˡ
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־ڵҿûбҪ˰ɣǱֲԶȻŮͼģŮĬ鱾ЩڵȻܾʹЭˡ
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ĬҲ⣬ڳҪչ¶¶֮⣬þ˼棬ôܺ¶¶ӵеİأֻи̾ȷʵί¶¶ģһ¶¶ĸĸ
ˣСϹҵô־ʡ
Щӣҿܹ컹ùȥһˡھջʮҵ飬ȻĬ׼ȥˣȴȫбҪȥ۶һˡ
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ĬһΣԼʱȷʵ̫¶¶ˣ϶ԼԼԺǵúһ¶¶ǣرеʱ
裬֪¶ȻҲĬʱæµЩڸĸǰǲ̫Ŵ󣬵ȻҪĬ˵ûˣҲʱæһ㣬ȹʱ˾ͺ
־Ȼ֪Ҳڸ£ǸɲģûǶչһߵ˰ɡ
Ĭ˵ͷţԺעġ
Ĭ¶һСëסʱСëѾٻٻǳˣΪܹƽȵһǰھͽĽֵϿһСƷ֮꣬СëǴȥ˽صĹȻٻٻһСꡣ
СëѺĬܾûмˣֵܼһ⣬óһƿ׾һ
СӣæЩʲôأǼˡСëʡ
ĬȻѣȫֵʵڲúСë̸ֻ÷ܵȥ۶ѿͶĿһֱû
СӻͶʰҪɡСëȤСҪϰĻһ򹤡
㻹ҴʲôأڲǸϰ𣿡ĬһھƣʵСô
ܲġСëҸЦݣٻٻ۹ãȻ뵽˿ôСꡣ
Ĭɵٻٻǰĸо°ٻٻ;֪Ȼڿ»ΪǼϸأͶС
ԱߵٻٻҲ鲻Խ뵽ԼǰڵȻƽһЩȴ˰ܰǴĵлĬԼ˳СҾһٻٻ˵žͶ˹СëǰľƱ
ٻٻҲҪȾưСëԵЩ⣬ȴֲֹ
ûʲôƻû⡣ٻٻһЦССҲ뵽ģл
Ĭ֪ٻٻҪлԼʲôҲܺˬ˾ƱȻٻٻ
ٻٻ¾ƱЦʵˣСҿôæ᲻Ҫǰæĵط
ĬѰ˼ٻٻǰS鱨ϵSԱȽϤμβ̽Ϲڵ飬϶ġ
תһ룬ϹʶٻٻģҪ֪ٻٻ뵽Уʱ϶˺СëģΪǵƽȥԼǲҪΪá
뵽Ĭ˵ʱûҪǰæģһ



߻ Ϲ
ȻĬ¶һʱ䣬ǱϾ۶ǱߵҪæҴһȥ˸۶
Ȼֻ뿪˸۶ʱ䣬⼸ʱߵȴǷ˲Сı仯Ϲ##ź&&ŶԳżŽоùڳżļҵд۸սֱӵǼҵأϹڵıƴ֣ԲûΪ̫ܵӰ죬żŵҵȴܵ˺ܴ
ΣϹڵ˻ڹϴżţԶ⹺׳ȷҳżŵĹ飬ʹżŵĹкܲȶӶӰ˹ǶԳżŵġ
ٴΣϹǰڳżŵҵʱҲʼ˷ãеڹ˾ƻеڼϹеĽżŵҵ͸¶ЩƻԳżŵ˺ǲԶġ
֮⣬Ϲڻ϶ԳżŽ˹˵ֶвżŵĸ߲ʿǿųżŵĺ֣һʱ䣬żŵĹɶ͹ԱĻ̻̣һ˳żŵĻҡ
һЩе飬ѳżŵĹýͷöܶɶ͹㶼ʼԳżɥʧģļֹμʱڵ־֮ʿҲΪԼİȫʧȥġ
ʱҪľһˣǰϹڵʱ򣬴ҾͻԳżǿģϹα˰ˣʹóżŴȺ׵Ľ״
Ϲ֮⣬żžϹεĸ׳µˣֻΪϹڵвµҲ뿪ϹõԶԳżŵİҲʵޡ
磬ĬϹõȥҽԺ̽һ³쪳ǡ쪳˱Ͳأټһڵľ˵Ѿòˡ
Ĭ쪳۵Ĳ̸һĩ˳쪳۸Ĭһ绰룬ȥ绰ϵϹΡ
Ϲڵԣóõĵ绰ϵڳ˲Ĭһõ绰ͤͨ˳쪳Ǹ绰롣
绰ܿͽͨˣĬ̽Ž𣿡еŽ㣬ϹʱĴš
绰ͷĬСʱɡ
ʱ䡣
Ǻãӵʱ·ֶ೬ſȰɣҵʱġ
˵绰ĬͿ·ȥˣںֶ೬һͼһɫ·Ůӿ˹ŮߵĬǰ΢΢һЦСɣã
ĬȻǰûмŮӣ֪ŮϹԼӦˣ΢΢ЦŽʲôط
ɡŮ˵ţĬһƬȥˡ
ڶʮ¥ͣĬճݿڣ͸оһѹֵգȻΧͷ
ڽһĹһͨķſڣŮЯԿ˷ţһͨסװҲƽĬ治źųϹλס
ɡŮӸĬһ˫Ь
ĬţЬʵνأ䣬ͼǱԷ߳һϤӰǲϹ
ʱϹεװǳ⣬ɢĳͿɵ·ʱ߹ŮǿתһŮӣȻûκλױȻ¶ȴһζ
СɡϹĬ֡
Ĭ΢΢һЦ漴ϹԷȥˣһ䳬ʮƽ׵ĴԷװҲһ㣬ǷȴԵøĽʵȻΪ˷ֹϮ
ϹɳϺæŮ˵㣬ɡ
ȥϹĿ䵽ĬϣСǴεǲ˼㲻ɡ
Ĭ֪ϹָϴԼԼ飬ȻܹϹεԼʱȷʵƭˣô˵жЩȻϹǸҲðֲֳֻǵȻһЦûʲôܹΪ
ǾͺáϹЦʵҲûа취ϾǶúܽҪ⻷ϳʲô⣬ǵļƻûԤãԼ˺
ʱѲˮĬһȲ裬һڲˮҾǼȻϷȫûбҪó´˰ɣ˵ʵЩƽ
ҲôõģҪʵԣҪ󡣡ϹԵЩΣΪƻϧ壬治֪ôлǡ
ĬҲԸ̾´ǶԊνҲȷʵĵģӵôҳϵļڣνԿǹҼ쵼˵İȫˡ
ϹѾʼԳżŹˣճżŵЩɶ͹ԱڴôӦĬʵ
ʱżϹζڵĲˮὫϷɢСһڣҪסٹһʱ䣬˾Щϸ¶ǵĺβͺٷҲ١
ĬϹεͼϹڱϾڳżŵ˶ĸ³һֱҰĲЩ굱Ȼ氲˺ܶĸˣżҪϹڵƿأͱϹڵЩȻٸصĴȻھǵûᡣ
ֻĬЩǵֻϹںSھˣڶԳżŽǿľùżʧȥ֧ҪǼȥ³żڹϺͦȥ
һģСǲǼ̫˺ġϹγΣ˵һֱǳżŵʽ뵽һ̶ʱǾͻۣʱŽǼŵĹɾ޴ĳ
Ӧ֮𣿡Ĭʡ
ţҪľǳＯʽ𡣡ϹεѾＯ˺ܴһʽˣټ塢壬Լοɭ֧֣ǵʽȫ㹻ֿǵҵġ
ѾȷˣֻοɭһȷĬʵϴΰϵʽ̸ôˣ
ĺЭѾˣ⻹д֡Ϲζ˶٣˵Сһ˰ɣ̸̸
ҲãҾ



˻ ƻ
ϹγĬһᣬЩǵ˵ҵҵǲ̫ģϾǸ⣬ҪǵʱǰѶԷＱˣԷȫֱʹñ
ĬҲһֱڵ⣬˵Լϴλ飬ԼܹϮ鷢ڳżŵɶϣǾͿ׶༪ˣϹֲһˣʱܹ
ҿҪĬڰȫ֧жģȫҪʲôǡ
ؼڶһֱSܲȥǱжɣϹΪѵ
Ĭ˼ã˵ǲΪʤȯȫװЭúԼǡ
ϹΰɻĿͶĬ˼˵Ҽ˼װӦǵһҪȻں̸ʱͻȻϮǣ
Ĭ˵ͷϹΪǱ˰ˣĸʾ϶Ӧ顣
ϹγΣ¶һЦ뷨ǳãǵǿһԣʱҪϷ
ĬһЦҪұϺǼ˺Ƥɣȫûġ
ĬϹǾԲԼ֧ϹҺSģڳµSԼƱҪϹ˺ƤϹųµȷʵǺͿϹڰĬų⣬ʱͺܿܳĬ͸лץסϹˡ
ţʱǵĻ裬ʱȫˡ
֪䣬ѾߵˣȻϹﻹסŮںӶˣûкһԷѡ˺Ĭ͡
Ҫȵ𣿡Ϲʡ
ĬȣǾͺһɡ
ϹνƿʮĲ޵ںƣԸĬϴ뱭ЦӯӯȾһ
ĬæƱϹˮڣһĸоζþòθƢˬĿ
СͲûȥ˰ɣǺúһ¼ƻϸڡ
ĬҲúбҪϹϸ̸һ飬ǺԥصͷӦˡ
С˵ģʱˣ治֪ôл㡣Ϲμһ⣬͵Ĭ΢Цǽˡ
ôһŮǿ˸ԼвˣĬԵЩ˼ڨڨһЦν㣬Լˣ
ô˼вˣͲҸвϹοЦ
Ϲôһ˵Ĭ¸Щ˼̬ĵ漴ҲЦ͸Ҽв˰ɣҸԾˡ
ǲҸев˶óꡣϹЦøˣҪǳԲ꣬Ŀɵôƨɡ
Ϲ΢ЦӣĬݸӡУǰŮ˵ĸ߰û뵽ȻԼЦⲻ˼ڼҽиУ˼Ů˱е硣
Ĭתһ룬ڿԼĴӰһӦһǰŶԣԼʲôģ
ʲôأϹװЩӣ˼˰ɣҿ첻оͱûŰ
ĬæЦûУûУֻǾǰжˡ
ǣ˼˵ǰˣϹΰĬһۣǰĿеӡǳһ㰡СӲỹǴϺ鹢ڻɡ
ĬȷʵǼЩˬֱڣҲûȫı䵱Ů˵ĿȻڴҶһˣҲȥƽ飬ֻǿЦʱȷʵЩо仰вʶҪǵͻһԷ
ʹˡϹηǵʶ֮Ҳܲɣ
Ĭ֪Ϲ˵˼ǲϵҲûڼ⣬ֻŵЦЦ
ϹƺûзĴ㣬һڲˣ˹˵Ȼźһ棬ǱϾãΪҸ롣˵Ϲν˫ﲨͶĬС֪ҲӦòǵ飬ĻӦһЩط㣬ڵĸʵЩӣзĵƣ
ϹβΪĻӰԼĬĹϵΪһ̸л£֮Ĺϵڵƺ˵Ը˵бҪĬֹϵ
ĬϹ˵ʹҪеԵɣ޷һŮϸ˵ҲֻܸЦһ£ʵܶ鶼޷ģҺ֮Ĺϵ˵ɣǱ⣬ʵںѺͱ˽顣
ϲŮǺ飬С˶ôɰһϲ㵱ȻӦöǲˡϹλһתþЩƽˣȻҲܹΪⶼǺ˽ģͱŮһʱп϶᲻˵ġ
ʵϹβ˵ĻΪʱദУѾоԼЩϲĬˣȻָо̫ǿңǻΪĬŮ˵ϵе
һŮˣ֪ĬԸ񣬾Сû˼¶ǣԼĿԶ󣬸˵ˣһԸ߰ŮˣȻ֪ԼĬʲôǾȫûаԼеǲ̫ǿҵбΪǲӰĬ֮Ĺϵ߰ܵƵԶ
ȻϹθղЩҲ㲻αĸϣ˼һµģ㾺ɣҲҪȥƻһĬ˼Ĺϵȴûк˼ЩԹһ֮飬ֺ˼ǹĽãԼȫûбҪȥν
ȻܺĬʲôչȻϣܹԼúһЩˡ
ĬεͬʱϹθһݺøУʵû뵽Ϲλ̸ϣϹӦò˼Լ˿ģղŵĻƺΪ룡
Ĭ֪˵ʲôֻǶƱƱǰֲȣһϸӡ
ϹҲƱݹĬеıһ£ȻغһڣȻҲ˵ҪʲôȻ鶼չˣҲʲôı䣬ֻϣԺܹڸ϶עһ£Ҫίˡ
ĬȻ˼ίˣæصͷţһġ
ƽʱǲϲ˵˽ģǾúͶԵټ˼ϵź˵ô໰ɲҪķ˰ϹοЦ
㶼ΪǺãôᷳأĬһЦν㣬پһ



Ż СҪ
ڶȥĬͰѼϹڵļƻ˳µݣµϸ˼һҲĬУǾ;ʩƻˡ
ΪϹڸ飬ĬڵϾװģغͳµһڵڶһ뿪۶
صĬûȥ¶ңϾ˼ҲҪԼģǡÿԽúǡ
ϣĬ˼ӵߣ顣
С㣬ҽǱߵôˣ˼ʵ
ڳżǿľùӦܹͦһصġĬ˶٣ֵ컹о˾˹ȥˣѾ͊ν˺򡣡
˾ĴӦѽʵ̫ˡ˼ԵЩ˷ܣȻϹҺμҵ飬ǱϾߵ˰˭ϣԼܹദ
ڻȫȷӦûġĬνǸЩ䵭ˣʵҲͦظģȻ࣬ȴܹоĹУ뿴ϵϣǺԸ;˾˺ģοȷʵҪ˾˵İæھ˾ǰ㵱ŮȻҲԸˡ
Ը˰ɡ˼̾һҪϹҺμЩܻԹǻòôˡ
ĬҲţС̵ĸĸΪͥԹԵʣС̵ĸҲҳߣزⱯҵĽȷʵǳ޵ԵʰܹԹȷʵǼܺõ飬˼˵ŷǷ塣
§˼ĽȥͲҪȥ˰ɣԺһжõġ
ţҲš˼ԵЩǳ˾˺ϹǺͺˣֻϹҵڶȴ֪ʲôʱҺƽѵ𣬷ҪôȨʲô˼
˵̰޾ģڹŴΪȨλ˸ص³ϹҼλڻ̳ϵĵλͺñȹŴʵ۵ĵλôλĺûᣬȻҪðͷѪΣȥǸλˡĬ˵мֱӣиͲܺҰᲢۣô˵Щ
˼̾һһʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
Ĭ˵ֳصĻ⣬תƻ˼úóȥ½ְɣþûˡ
˼ЩΪѵĹæأܲаɡ룬ֵҿ컹ǺúɣҪڶһʱ䣬ȥҲС
Ϊȫ⣬˼ʱûȥ繤ˣ˼ʵ̫ˣͶ˼ϽһС˵վԼȵվֵ༭һԴĵʱ䣬Լȥ跢չվ˵ʵһǳȤ顣
⼸죬ǡټ༭ѰҸԴԵرæټĬҲӦóʱ棬ҲʹĬˡ
ĬҲǿ˼ͷǺðɣʱˣһú㡣˶٣ʵվôˣ
ڻɣ׼Ԫʽվ˼µ˵ڵĸԴǸ⣬ȻǸѿòͣкܶ߶վ
¿ͷ𣬱ϾǸվȹʱûͶ𣿡Ĭϸģ϶ܰվõġ
ϸʲôãûʲôͷԡ˼ЦվҲֻǸˣǿ϶۱ġ
ڿڵĴţ¿ǮĬЦ
˭ԸǮ˼ûصĬһۣȻ׬ǮҲ۱ȻǶǵʿ
˼Ȼ˵ȴףԼվҪǮģΪûշѣֻվǵѣ˵վά͹ˣߵĸҲһǮҲе顣
ʹˣҲúбҪô࣬дṩһõչʾƽ̨Լϲ¸˷Ȿһַǳֵ飬οڸͲںǮ⣬ǮҲνˡ
վˣҲվ߰ĬЦ
㵱ߣ˼ò˼Ĭһ㲻ǴС𣬾ȻҲдˣ
˼ĻûдĬСͲϲϲ䣬ѧϰɼǳһ㣬ĸһƣҪдʲôõǿ»ûѧУ˵ֻ˼˼Ļ˵ͻίˡ
дȻãٰҪǰԼһЩдҲӦ˿ġĬ˼΢΢ЦرҺĹ£д϶ǳʵġ
ҿ㲻ֻдҵĹ°ɣдСѾͷĹ°ɡ˼װЩӣرڵϵĹ£дô
Ĭ֪˼ʵڿЦҲȥʲô磬룬˵һǾúĹ»иĶߣ϶ģǸվվʱ϶ҺúģȻ͸¶һ£С˵ŮǾվվԱڶҪ
ȥĺڶ˼ûʹǵĹд֯Ҳд룬Ц˵ˣǵıʺܰЩд𣬸˵ʲôˡ
Ĭֻں˼˵˵ڱԼ㣬Ҳֻۣ΢΢ЦҲдд˰ɡ
˼ЦЦͰǵĵεдˣûзȥԺǿԿǿǡ
Ĭ֪˼˵һֱдЩʼǣæЦʱ޸޸ģȥ֤жߡ
̸һվ飬˼˵¶飬С㣬ʱദҾ¶¶ǸŮԺҲӦúúôܵίˡ
ĬһοǱ˵Ļǵ⻰С̿˵ֻ˵İ¶¶ԼˣֺгĹϵΪԼԺٺܶ鷳;׵ģ鲻Խ˼֣˼лл㣡
ǻ˵ʲôл˼΢ЦڿеŮˣȻӦöԺУҲҡ
Ĭһ뵽˼ԺҪΪԼӣ¾һҸ˼ỬĶƤЦʲôʱҪأ
ҵȻھҪˡ˼΢΢ЦȻȵƵʱĺӶϲˡ
ǺǣǺðĬСһӦʱ䣬ô˵¾͸ӼᶨԶһˣΨһĹҲȻ׵˾⡣һѹ˼ϣЦţȻҪˣھɡ䣬͵ͷס˼촽
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һʮ 
ڶճ緹Ĭͺһȥˣʱ涼ٳţεŮرϲ֣¶Ե÷ǳߡ
ȻĬرϲ֣Լʱʱ̫٣ѵõĻҲֵ÷ǳ¡
֪Ѿˣ濴˿ʱ䣬˵ҸطԷɣԵʲô
ĬһЦʲôУʲô
ȥСɣԻů͡˵ţһǣĬ֣Ǳһһȥˡ
ܿ죬˾꣬ڿߵһ䴦ãֻˣȡֻһİĵ绰룬ԥһǽ˵绰ι
ιɣ绰ͷһӵ
΢΢һüͷǵģǣ
ӼƺûԼ˭æѵǴɽġ
ǴɽʱԼںĬȴǡһǰϼӣΪ˺ĬԣʱװŶӺ飬ڳ˺ܾʱ䡣
Ͱ׵Ժ֮Ҳûкϵȴ֪ôͻȻԼ绰
㰡ԵЩƽʲô𣿡
Ϊֵĺܸˣ²ɵЩʧʵҲûʲôر飬ֻǺܾûϢˣڴ绰һ
˶٣ֲ绰ģǴ˼ҵǸ绰޷ֱͨҽǡ壬Ŵֻ֪š
ʱںȷʵ绰룬ֻǴΰжʧˣͻһº룬Ȼϵˡ
治䲻˵
Ҫˣǰףտ֡Цûʱ䣬еĻһɡ
ȻǲõƺԼˣڻЩ⣬ӾȻ֪ԼգǶԼаⰡ
ȻӲûʲôرĺøУŮϣԼܹñ˵ϿɺͰĽģʱԷףտ֣ҲȻЩˣæЦллף
ѾȫĶĬнһķչֱӾܾӵ룺еæѳʱãԺлһɡ
ѽǺðɡҲ˼ǿ棬ΣֵСӦҪɣ֪Ƿвμӵң
һ˵鶼Ұְڰţʱʱ;һܻӭĵ
ʵ²ԷμԼᣬǶԷҲԼϰⳡϵѣһƬģֱܲӾܾɡ
̫ˡԵЩ˷ܣϲһҵʱø׼
ͲˡǸǲ˼еæʱϵɡ
Ǻðɣݰݡ
˵绰治˼ĬһۣĪĵ绰˾Ȼϵˡ
ڻм֣Ĭû绰ͷҲЩ棬Цʵ׷ߣ
ʲô׷أƲƲ죬ǴɽӣȻ֪ҹա
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ͷĬһۣҪңһȥװģ찡
Ĭ𵱳֪ԼԽԽڣֻװһ޹ı
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Ȼ˵ȴһۣǴκУĬðžһΣղŰԼȻİԼӦȥӦôĵ׵Ϊ˸ж
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ѣ鵱Ȼƽˡһţ͵Ĭˣ˵Щɵˣ˵˵һϵİŰɡ
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ȥǱ߰ԵЩʧǻȥɣϾͲȥ
˫ε۾Ĭȫû˾ܾҲֻܰ¶ʱ£ô棿
ǽ첻ؼˣһȥӰȻҹ㿴òã˫ɽȪ۾һĬеԸ¶š
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Һһأܵʲô淴ʡ
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˵ģôô棡ζĬһۣ˼ƺ˵СӽӲҵˡ
극Ĭͺһ˵ӰԺšǳšĵӰƱȻǣֽ˷ӳ
˵ӰѾʮˣ˸մӵӰԺĬֻˣһİĵ绰룬ɻؽ绰ιã
СذɣС찡ڷӵ绰ɣ绰ͷһӵ
ĬʶϹ´ĵ绰æӦҷӵ绰ʲô𣿡
ֻûٵˣҿɣһ롣绰ͷ˵һ绰󣬾ͰֻҶˡ
ʲô˰
һѡĬ֣ȥǱߵ绰ͤظ绰
治ﲻе绰Ҫù绰
ĬȻҪˣ͸¶Ϣġ
Ĭ˼ˣǵԼĵ绰˼ˣǺ˳ӵغĬȥһľĹõ绰ͤ
Ĭͨ˸ղӸǸ绰绰ͷȻϹε˲ûйķϻ̸ֱ顣
Ž㣬ôˣΪ˲˵ע⣬ĬȻƺϹΪŽ㡣
ѾЭ򴫵ݸˣ軹һЩɣȫλ飬ҪȥSԺ̸
Ҫ°ȥSĬ΢΢һüͷЩ鷳ˣҪS̸͵ò
ҵ뷨ȥһˣȲ˵ϹηҲֻ̽ǣʱڶʲô˺ġ
ؼҵʱ򷢺ݣѳ°̿ô죿Ĭǵ



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ȷʵǸ⡣Ϲ˼ϻͷǸûȫȡ֮ǰҲ׵ҾбҪðա
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Ϲζ˶٣˵Ҹ绰Ҫ֯رһ£ܲܰбһ裬ԾΣա
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˵绰ĬͺȥһҾͽľƵ꣬Ҫһһһĺ׷ڷո뿪֮һ˵ɳϣϲϾֻˣ̫ˡ
ǻϲȸԾӣĬҲ¶˿ĵЦݣԱߣһƨɣЦ绰ɣǵġ
СӣҴҡһɰɳ漴һ˵ĬϣȭͣôĬؿڣǿȭͷĬʱȴưĦһ㣬ͶĬûκá
ǴأǸβĦĬЦ
Ҳ㰴Ħ쵽Ĭβһƴȥ
žǳɴ࣬û
ȻĬоʹװЩӣСѾͷ򰡣
ôˣ滰䣬԰ƴĬƨϡ
ȻϹҽôʰ㡣Ĭ䣬һѽ水ɳϣȻͶסСڡ
סҲ𣬴ҪĬҶһ£Թ⽫ͽա
Ĭֿ¸Ǹǣôܾʹ˰أȻǽ촽ϣͷǲͣ̽
ĬڶԽѾĵˣֻϷֵסĬ಻Ĺƣʮʱ䣬ؾʧأĬʩչǾǼƽϡ
ʧأҲͷ˵ֿǶĬͷһ鰮һӾӿ
һᣬǹѲ֪䵽ĬشϸһСָһһ㣬ͣĬĿꡣ
ȻĬϵƤȴƺ̫ӭСֵĽ룬ʩʵھЩ촽Ĭͷֿˣѿӽ⿪
ĬһЦȥϴɡ
ʱȻЩҲ֪ϴ֮ȣһ´ɳһȥϴﲨһһ
ðȥˮźãҸ¶¶Ǵ绰Ĭ˵ţȡֻͨ¶ĵ绰
Ҫϴ裬Ĭûк¶ĵ̫ãڹ˵绰ָ˼һţŽԡҡ
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·վĬǰɵ˫ר־ؽĬ·ĿӣҪĬһ㣬ʱֵʹͷͷǡõĬ촽ǰλá
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ܿ죬ĬϾֻʣһڿ㣬ڸղŵ룬ڿʱѾһСӦȴֿ˻˵ĬǷǳġ
һĬͦĵطЦǣСô߸ʲôǶ˰ɣ
ĬкЦСѾͷȻԼСܵ˵ˣ΢΢һЦǶˣǿˣǲӦø󡣡˵ţҲְ·
תۼ䣬ϾֻʣһʽĴţȻµס˵ĵطڵƹĵƹ£ѩȴԽףһһƵĸоڵκһ˿˶Ϊ֮
ȻĬԲǵһκԧԡˣʱȻ˼飬һѽ潿§ǣֲˮеС
ѵ߲ȻһɵˮУˮкջ޷ܣǳЦݵϾˮӨӨ滨꣬زֱճĴװӣǰӵĶӣɫӣҾ磬ǵĬҧڣԲԸеβ֣ǰƬݵظˮᵴ롣ĬԼƺͻȻһӶҪȼһѽ¥˹һֻزͣ⣬һֻβϴĬ۵һᣬ˫ȴȻȻתǷ鷿Բβḧ
Ϲҡ潿Ĭ
˫ĵ˫ۣĬ鲻Խ̽ͷȥ촽ӡִϡƬ촽һ𣬾Ůǰ㣬ʫ⡣˵ͷٴν֯һ˺һᣬĬͷСļ̫ˣҪױȫ˵ţָͷȥķϡĬͷһƬȼյȻ𣬵ȼÿһ缡Ҳ͵˲ԡأ水ԡرϣ׼Ľ
һ󱩷˶ﵽ˷ܵ˼⣬ϴӺ˲ûд·ǳŻص˴ϡ
ϴ滹Щδ˫ĿεĬɡ
ĬȻ棬Ϻ͸ղŶһ־սﻹȤ;ٴ棬ֻظ˵ɡ
𣡡潿ȴȻȻ䵽Ĭ֮䣬ͣŪ
Ĭһ˵Ұװɡ
𣿡ûĸܣµǶԴЩ档
һԾ֪ˡĬ˵ţ۵زϣһͷ»ǵïܵķݵء
滹ǵһķ񣬿ʼЩɬǵͨ죬漴ɬͱһ˵ĿȡȴĬͷĽ࣬鲻Խط
Ҳס˵ſӣСڡ



һʮ 
ڱϺϹҵ˸㽩˹ϵĬʱҲòȥ۶һֱڼ¶漸Ů
תۼ䣬ˣΪǶʮգµԵЩӣȻȥٰ磬ԼŮٰһСᣬһнӴѵܹúú棬Ҳý˺Ѿһۡ
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ȻˣҵĸαҲŲԸأ¶˵鲻ԽԱߵĬҸɡ
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˭֪ʲôʱأһŮЦӵʱϹҪְɣʱǷǺúýɣⶼôΪϹģҲ֪㺢衭
ĬεЦЦԼ¶¶𣬵ȴܵõҵϿɡ
С˧ʲôأСܵܰɣ
𡣡¶ζһۣңĿˣǵȻҪˡ
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ǽСŮ΢΢һҼǵ˰
ϴҼ棬СӴëأѵǸ԰ľ֦Ĵӹ
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ڴһɳϣ־ʱںȲ֡˼Ĭ¶϶¶˻ĵ΢Ц
¶˵м䣬Цӯӯ裬ô͹
ڶĵˣ磿΢΢ЦѲҪԷʱǹ
¶ֲ˵˾л飬Ҫܹ𣿡
ҿǿֱӸϹġ־ǰȻŮĬ֮ĹϵЩԻϽʵԵ÷ǳºͣýöʮգҲǸӰ
¶һůæ־ǿٵļͷϣЦ裬ã
壬⼸칫˾ɡĬЦʵ
а־ҡҡͷһֱûɫ۸ԽԽңǼضͣˡ
һᣬͻȻǱߴһӵϵܣþò˰
Ĭȥ˵һʮҵߣϴһ£ϴһ˿۾ԨӡһʮҵӣӲǱˣĬϴɽǽӣҲ绰ˡ



һʮ 
Ĭ˵Ҫμӽᣬ²ûжþȣĿϴһº漴תƿȥ
ڵʱĬԱߴ˺ܳһʱ䣬ĬӡҲȽܿϳĬʱĬ־ĵˣµм⡣
ֳ־Ե÷ǳ飬Ƕеһ߹٣־Ϊķ̣ߵҲЩ顣
ֳȻ˶ϣֳ´һԱߵĬ΢΢Цϵܣλѣ
־΢΢һæЦŮѣĬĿͶĬС&&ֵľֳ
ֳ˿¶΢΢ЩͦεĸƺʲôæЦݿ˵ϵǺøҪ챧ˡ
ȴǲ¶һ˿΢ЦǴĬһֱߣĬʲôܵĹϵڼĬȻ¶ŮĿʯҲ
ڼ򵥵к˼Ĭ¶ҲûбҪˣһص¥Ͽʱ¶ļͬѧȻеĴƣееĿӣ÷ǳˡ
˸һᣬҲˣĬԱߣ˵Ȼˣ˵ҪһҵĻҸô찡
Ĭңô㣬Ѳ㺦ˡ
潹ؼϰĹԱҰֵĹϵܺãҪұʾʲôҲ˼ܾ
ĬʵӦô죿
¶¶һǰСˣûɡͶ¶ֻŲڲңҲܹҵ
¶һЦȻˣѰ˶٣ֵֻǸղҺСһˣҰڽʱ򣬻˵ѣǲ֪᲻ᡭ
æǳ𣿡
¶ҡҡͷûҲûзϡ
Ͷˡ¶һɵЦݣֲֻ֪ҪǶ˵СѣҲûа취
Աߵ˵̸ۣæڵ棬˭˭أĬѰɣ
ԿЦ˵ô
İɣǣʲôʱϵġŮľȣеֻһΧ˹
һᣬſڳһߴӰվſڣװģÿŵķţЦҿԽɡ
΢΢һƤЦⲻЦ˵Ȼˡ
Ȼ˶̫죬û˿Ĳ˼ߵߣǶ¶ĬЦɣҲ
¶ûӦֻòЦЦ
ɳϣĿת䵽ϣЦСգҲûʲô͵ģȥйʱ˳˵СƷϣܹϲ䣬ʹӻһۺɫĺȻ档
㶣ЦܹͺܸˣﻹҪʲôҿͲá
ĻЦ˵Ȼ֪˵㲻ʲôҲҵһƬɣζ¡
ԱߵղȻ˵ĬѣΪӹĬʵ䲻ĴС㣬ڼòݶѣɵ棬˧°ɡ
ŮҲ͵ǣ㿴˼ֶˡ
֪ǹأºܲܣǼȻͬѧǶô˵ˣҲ˼˼ţֻֽӹַŵ輸ϣ˵ллˡ
һںȻЩʧǼС򿪿ϲϲ
԰򿪿ԱߵļŮֿʼ塣
һʱҲ֪ô죬ĿͶԱߵĬϾþûж
ĬʱҲȷ뷨ˣǰĬȿ˵ƷȻھǲ֧ڣѾŮˣȻܸκλᡣ
͸һЦ棬Ȼôʹ￴ɡ˵˲輸ϵĺӣ͵ǰ
û뵽Ĭǰ²ɵЩɻ˵ĹϵԭչüͷҲ΢΢һ£ڱϾУҲ˼˵ʲô
ڵõĬֺ֧µʱˣִĺӣӸһ򿪣һƬ貶Ŀһʯϰٿŵķɫʯյǹһҫӵм3ĺȥʵǻ֮
ȻҲǺųŽԼټʮ꣬ǰԴĸ׵ĺʯ⣬Լûӵй㻪ڼˣһʱҲסˡ
ЩŮѣȻﶼǮǶڶѧô㻪ʯʱԼͬط˰ľ̾
ֻĬݻĶȴûжٺøУֻǸ̾СӻǮΪһ̫ϤŮѪϰ־ֳλ̲ʵ̫ˡ
磬ʵЩˣ͸ŮԵЩʰɡĬص˵
Żعæеŵ輸ϣɫε磬ȷʵЩҳܲ˰˵ڻڶѧҲûжʵüֵ˵ȻؿĬϣǸС˵κ˿˶Ľѵġ
ļŮͬѧܾôصжԸ̾˼̵ŮǲһϰʱȻɫһ¾˻ȥˡ
ȻȴΪеϧϾļֵʵǸ߰ˣҪܰʱȻת͸ǣǸһô˵飿
ĬƺԼŮѣһŻɫˢرҧ촽˵ѡ



һʮĻ Ĭ
ɫȻˣϴȥɽΣ㲻Ǽ𣿡
ϴȻоĬϵȴû뵽ѣֻΪıڰˣղĬ¶ϵ϶ܺʲôرĹϵĻʵЩʵһŻεЦЦղ濴СϵܣһΪǲһأû뵽
Ĭ׼˵ȴȵҺ¶¶ãҵѾ
ͬѧ޷ǾЦĻҲ׷״Ȥ棬ҺҲأĬҲ
ǣǣҴȥҰ衭
Сӵһ
ֵգԽԵΣȻҲΪڿЦлЩʵô˵Сֻѹϵ˵ţͷˣղСİְֲǶŮˣôֳˡ
Ĭ¶ƣһ¶֣˵ǵ飬òŲˡ
¶ĬץסѱæЦˣС㿪ʲôЦС̣˵ѿĬǣ֡
Ĭ֪¶Լ̨£°ЩжҲټ̸飬ֻǶ˵㻹ǰضɣԺҵŮѣ͸
ǣɣԺ͸ɩӡҲ͵
ȻѾĬղŵĻȱܲˬƽ޳СӱŪƾˣȻ˵Ļˢܵ裬ԣ²Ĭ뷨
ɫ˵˵ʲôصȻڶóˣôջҿС㻹°ɣȻǿĳˡ
ʵڲ˼ֻܾٴΰĿͶĬ
Ĭ֪ȫҪԼܹȷ治Ϊӹ׵ʯĵģȻˣöԷѪҲǲ飬Ц棬Ȼ˼Ƭ⣬°ɣȻ˼Ӱ
Ĭǰ仰ȫ㹻Լ뷨ȴ˺Ǿ仰ֱɫࡣ
ĬûҲǿǼȻˣҾ°ɣ磬ллˡ
ܿͻָɫԱߵļͬѧСʮգҲ֪ʲôرﰡܲչʾǿ
Ȼϲ壬ҲͼʱǱͣĬѿĳ档
Ĭɫû˿仯Ȼǲ˵ҸѾպˣҪȡҲ鷳ҿͲø㿴˰ɡ
׼Ĭòʲôĵ˵ȻҽСᣬôأҿóǴһͰɡĿͶǼŮȻҺ⼸λŮݣǾ͵ҸղŵĻû˵
Ȼһ仰ǰļͬѧͬһսϣҪǲóͱҲݡ
նѾȥˣûмĬνЩˣټϴʱͼ̣¸ǲãҪĬչʾֺû׼á
ĬǳУĻӲطȥȴɫЩѿ֪ҪԼӣ²ѻ
Ĭ֪룬ȻҪԼʱӣԼȻӦȫΪַŵļͷϣ΢΢һЦȻҪһҵҾȥˡ
沢֪ĬԼ׼ʲô΢΢üˣ
Ҽﰡھ͹ȥãǵһȡĬ˵žͳŶȥ
ĬȥıӰ°ԻϲͬʱȴмֵǣȻ֪ĬȱǮȴĬûʲôɫʱҲʲôһĻװƷǾʾڲͬˡ
ʮӺĬͱһ˶ĺӻˣ˵һӣ˵һӣӵĸȻֻʮףǳȴһϣȻװһСӵҲװε÷ǳĺоµġտ֡һһ
˿ô̾ʵ벻⵽ǸʲôĴ¶Ҳ¶˲˼ı飬ǿĬһȴǲ֪ʲôʱ׼ôһɫԵЩмˣôĶԲʲôص
̫ĬֱӰӷŵ˲輸ǰĵϣȻ֣Ц棬͸ٸģǼȻͣڴ򿪰ɡ
ߵǰϳɻ֮ɫ⵽ʲôⰡôô󣿡
¶ҲЩ棬е棬򿪿֪
温ȥҪǸǸȴǵЩ˿ɵðѲĿͶĬСӣæ
ĬһЦҲŶסӵһ棬һͬȡ
ȡһɽˮ辰չʾǰһԺΪ辰ȻΪȱˮչʾǴ󺣵мǽһƽ״СĺȴǻɽɣĲľ̻رмСɽĲ棬һԵʯ͹˳ʯһªСݣСݲһ̺ô󣬲֦ǽڡľ桢ݴݵȴΪ£֦֦
СݵĴϣСˣȻСֻһǱ۾ĵص˳˵ĴŴһеģһŮģӵ౧Ҹɡ
辰龰ĬǻĵϵӣȻСݺı΢ԵЩˣ˵ȻЭرǷľϸµҪ÷Ŵ󾵹ۿ
辰Ưȸп
ۿһٽȻôɾͰˣ湻İ
ͬѧȻû˵񶼱˶⾫辰ϲͶĬľ̾¶Ĭ辰壬а̾С㻹Ǹϸĵˣϣ´ιʱܹҾϲ



һʮ ж
ͲˣȻҲ辰ҪԼϰʯǻвСĲģ²ɵмֵ⣬СӣҪӣȫǼʯͷ
Ψ棬Ŀⶨ辰ССϣԺĸ֣˸жˮˮ۽ǻ۳ˮڵƹԵ˵ľӨ͸Ϊ֮ݡ
ãŽ۾תĬӣĿһ¶һӿϵĵεӰ˵ԺǷ·ͷ죬ÿһϸڶ˵ʵ
ƺı仯аɻƽôӻΪأ
棬ϲ𣿡Ĭ
Ŵлصʵµĺˮһӿȫÿһ缡ȴǲԼ˵ĬĻУ˫ֽ§Ĳӣ촽̫ƯˣҺøˣ
มȻΪ˼ڼӵ̲ס
ңʵڲף辰ʲôֵøжģǸͲܺԼǼֵǵʯ
տ֡ĬҲ𣬡ʱˣȥС棬ʱڵסþסá
šһȴǸӸжˮ˳ỬĬĲϣ˵Ļȹ̣ĬĿҲһů͡
˿ʼΪֻĬƣڿ龰ĺˣȻ⣬ĬĬףˡ
¶ʱ͸ӶˣĬŮ˵ĽǶ˵ȻЩˣϾԼ˺ͱ˾飬˵ЩǴõĽǶ˵ȴΪ˵ľеˣΪʱĿָеˡ
һЦҺС㲻ͬкܶ𣬼ȻСڴ˿жᣬԺҲ϶Ҹ໶ֵģ
һȻӵζʲôˣȻŭҲ޿κΣֻ˵İɣȥ˵žתȥ
Ĭӵ˺þãŴ뿪˲ϵˮȻضϸоر
ܷܷ֣ظ辰棬Ҹ΢Цָ䵽СݴʱỨٴشתָþû뿪
ʮӺŴӵվ˵辰ᵽȥȻ󺣼ˮŸӱ档
Ĭ˵ͷСؽӸϣȻŰѺӶԷĬΪ辰ˮˮڱɫӳ˺ˮټϱСã΢ľɫѺֵķǳλ
Сӣʲôʱ׼ôҲ֪Ŭ
ĬһЦܣͲ֪˰ɡ
ʵĬԻصͿʼ׼ˣȻרҵʿģԼҲûٻǺ״ݵĽṹ̬ȣϸģǰֻҪʱ䣬ﷱҪ澪ϲ˵ʵһѵõ顣
СӣȻǡĬؿһȭôҿҪڲŸҿ
ĬһЦȻǸһϲˡ
صҵԼף֣ղ˵ĬŮ˰ɣ
ֳ˵ͷôʲô𣿡Ŀ䵽ϣʵ͸˼˰ɣʲôӦ
ȻֳǺϣԼܹ׷棬ϾĸǶ׸ֻôһĸαļҾƸջκһ˶ģӵʲĸˡ
ҿûʲôϣˡҡҡͷղ˵ĬѣͶҵںǱСӵһ辰ж档˵Խŭ𣬡治֪ôôԲУ͸ϰϲϲС͵ƶ
ôأֳ΢΢üղ־˵ŮѰôֳˣ
˼ΣĥҿСǽֻ̤
ֳֻ̤һɻôܣղ־ŮҲӦɣѵûпСӵ飿
ˡݣҲ֪⵽ô£ŮͲںԷСӵĹϵһ㣬Ҳֻ֪СӸǵ׹ʲôԻ
Ѿͷ̫СҿǱСƭˡֳ˼ǸĸӦǲͬģʱҸŮĸĸ͸¶һ£ұ֤Сȥ
ϰôѣʱϲ԰϶鷢ģϰ֣һһҪҵ飬ҲСӳһζ
һǳֵнеģϯ䣬桢¶Ĭ˲ûкµҵϵʿһ𣬶ǺЩѧͬѧͬһ
ֳ뵱µҴĬΪģǳԷʱĬڳϯкܶ๫ֳҲֳ¶ֻܰʱǳ
󣬴ҲûɢȥΪӴҵĿٰ˽ᣬλҲԿʼԼֻеһԲ輸ϺȲģеڴۼ赸еԱСġ
ںĬһ֧󣬾ȥͬѧ齫ȥˣĬԴ齫̫ȤҲ˴־졣
ĵ𾢵ʱ˹Ĭ棬־΢΢Ц֣̫ˣչ˲ܵĵط¡
־һЦԼˣô
æͷ˵öԣǱһ˰¶¶ͬ׽ãҲֵˡ˵ζмĬһۣСӣǺĹϵҲǲġ
ĬûΪΣֻǸ壬壬֪ҵѿϣܹ⡣
־æЦҲ㣬˭үôأ˵ˣֻҪѾͷԼԸ⣬ǵϵҲùˡ
Ĭļͷ˵öԣֻҪܹǿҸͺˣǵϵĵģͼŮҸ𣿡
Ĭܹ˺гദû˿Լ˼²ɵðһ



һʮ 
ʱǱߵֳȴǿ˹Ȼǿ׼־¶ڳľѻᣬҪĬֻ̤ġ
ĵȰֳһкһ΢Цбɳϡ
æЦȲ裡˵߽һûùĲˮƵֳǰ
ֳĿĬɨһЦݿ˵ϵܣŮҲﰡ
־ղŽĬʱԼŮѣֳ˵Ҳ˼ֻǣʱԱߣַȷ飬ֻܵЦ˵ʲôŮҲֻǺŮϵá
ڵ֣ûийϵˣλСֵСѣôŮأ
ֳ۵˭˵СˣղСŮѵġ
Ĭ˵ۣ˴еͼˣǲԼ˵ĹϵŮǰҴ
ĬЩңԼǰͰ̹ˣȻ¶ǽɶıˡȻ»ЩģϾ嶼Ǻӵˣֳϸ˽ҴΣôҲҲסġ
µȻҲֳ˼ˣȻ׼ǴʱǸоЩѻ𣬲ɫûж仯輸ϵĲˮĵغ־ҲǸˣֳöˣʱҲûʲôı顣
ֳΪ󣬻Ĭ쳣ŭڼ£ʵƣĿͶ£ԴĿʵϵܣҶ˵СŮѣϵ˵СŮѣ˭Ļģ
Цһ£˵飬ϵ֪˹ϵȽϺãҲǺ顣˵ţݹһ֧̣̣
ֳ¸⣬ҲֵúǳȣأԵȼһ֧̣˵ҿǵϵĻӦöһԼŮϾǶǺܳ죬ױƭġ
ĬĻôòˬ˵Ҳʵ̲סˣֳ⻰㲻ˣղ˵ҺССйϵ˵ױƭǲ˵ȻΪǺã㵱ű˵˵Ļʵʧ氡
ֳΪĬǸƴˣûᷴ༥ô˵ͬʱҲĻ
ûôõˣ±ðĬӲɵü̵Ұ˾ֱڿ죬ϲʵ˵˺ĵطҲҪƽϣԺԼˡ
ĬػӦֱڿԣûŪʵ֮ǰҿǹǾǳ฾ˣֳҲ˰ɡ
㡭ֳʵû뵽ĬҰԼһ฾ɫˣְĬǾ仰Ӧȥ
ֳС˵ҲеʵеǺܸӵģǵĲ²ʵЩӡ±ֳֺùϵģڼҪԼڶӣµȻŭˣʱȻĬ˵
־ҲǰʵСǺܲģȻ¶¶ֵŮҲĹϵôá
ֳҪһ˵Ĺϵڼ˵ıֺǳױǴˣϼһȻ֪ŮĬĹϵƺû˿ƽϣôأ
ֳһ̣Ȼ̵ӵ輸ϵ̻Ҹ˵ˣʱ䲻ˣҲӦûȥˣġ
ղŵ飬¶ҲЩˬˣûα˵ֻЦǼȻˣǾˣҲԶˡ
֡ЩĸʣǼȥҲֻøȥˡ
ԼҽγȲʵ֣ôǺȥأҪڴһ㣬Χ˶֪飬ҲҲס
ҪŪôֳصһۣº־ǶǮƵҪǵǣԺ϶кùӳԵģ˵ˣ˼ԾһģôҲûõġ
㲻Ҫ׷ô
ֳĻ׷ҲˣȫûбҪΪǿеġ
Ƶصȼһ֧̣ݺݵһڣԹ޵ؽеģҲ֪Сʲô֮ȻܹСת벻ͨ
벻ͨأкܶ벻ͨڵĳɾءֳû
Ȼ֪ԼĳɾͶǸ׵ĵλģ̲סײôٱСǿˡ
ˣˣˡֳĳ͵ûз
磬ĬͻȻӵһİֻ룬Ϲ˴ģΪ˱ԣĬһ绰˹ȥ
С鲻ˡ绰һͨͷʹϹν
ôˣĬʶԡ
ƽϹڿˡϹæ͵ƽһȥϹ̸УϹΪҪЮǣͰƽ
ϹǲóƺĸһǰSģϹȴҪͬȥΪܹ⣬Ҳִͳµͬȥˡ
ڳƺͳµݵĳɫ£Ϲںܿ˳µǴʱϹһ½ˣΪܹҪЮµݣΪ˷ɢƺͳµݵڰѳ
ȻϹڻµݣֻڳżкܶҪ죬ϹҪø࣬ͱҪµݰæʱµݣҲʧΪһð취ȳƺϹͬһսߵģȫܹвãǳƵķɺҲвСʱһʱ᲻³żţ׼Ȱѷɺ˵
ĬҲʱ°ϹڻǱɣǊνڽУȻƽ
Σʵν㣬ô㣿
ϹڹҪظ۶ˣѾ׼˶֣ƽҿƻҪǳˡ
ϹʵЩϧΰϹ۶ȥǻ˺ܴһԼԼϹɼ󣬺Լĸ׼װЭۿƻҪʵˣڱȴΪ˱ΣҲˡ



һʮ߻ ǰS
ǻ治ƽȥȻҲľ档ϹЩε˵
Ĭæον㣬Ҳܹ㣬ƽҲģ˵ˣϹǲЮƽ㣬Ҳ϶Գ°̶ֵġڹؼǾϹȥ۶֮ǰȳƽ㣬һҪϢؾȳͲӰǵжˡ
ϹεؼҸͲ֪ǰƽʲôطҪˣ̸ף
Ĭ˼ã˵ҿɣ˵ͽˣظ۶Ǳߵ飬ܹϹȥ۶ʱȳƽ㣬㵽ʱͿԶϹڶ֣ܣʱǳϹڵʱ˺ƽοϾƽľ˾ˡ
ֻSҲ̫죬Ϲڻʶ㣬жΣղС
ĬҲ֪ҪȥSƽǼΣյ飬뵽ƽԼҪԣʱѵ׵˾⣬ȻЩѣŻа취ģرǵϹڻظ۶Ƕʱ䣬ǿ϶лɳá
Ϲ˼һᣬҲȷʵҲõİ취ˣǺðɣҵʱȫԷעһˡ˶٣ʵҲᣬҲżƽİȫҪ
Ҷϵ绰Ĭо쳣ĳأ͵ʱ汻˰ܵ鵹мƣüͷ°Ѱ˼ϹҪS鱨ֵƽҲӦýS鱨ֵҪȳƽҪS鱨ֵ״Ū
ĬԺͻȻ뵽һˣٻٻǰǺS鱨ֺˣǱߵӦñȽϤڵǿԽæһ¡
Ĭǲٰٻٻģƽ㱻ЮˣҲֻٻٻæˡûȥСëңȥ˰ȫ֡
ԭԭȫֻ㱨ˣȫھϸֺȷĬ飬ĽѩɫعЭĬж
ӰȫֳĮ̆԰ȥСëңѾˣСëٻٻʱڼң˼ĬԵ÷ǳ顣
СëоûУֵϺúúĬ
ưСëڨڨһЦﵹûˣڿȥ򡣡
Ϊ˸Լٻٻ̸ʱ䣬ĬֵǺã˳Ū±һ¾Ʋ˻
СëߣĬͰԼѴٻٻæ
Ǳߴʱ䣬ǱߵͦϤġٻٻȻ֪жգȴûбֳ˿ԥҿҾͺǹȥһ˰ɣŶǻкܴġ
ĬιȥܺҪʱ䣬֪ôСë˵顣
ٻٻ룬˵Сë֪һ񶷵ģҾ˵ȥ۶ǼɣҲܹġ
ţҲáĬмٻٻͶлˡ
úôٻٻЦڿõѣҲ˭˵ˣǰҺСëĻ𣿡
ٻٻȷʵĬõѣûĬİæԼȻһʬǣСëĬżһСȻͱԼɵɱˣٻٻΰæûᷳУѴ˵˸лĬĻᡣ
ȻҲ֪ΪԼСëԺҸǲӦôӦĬģΪСë˵Ҫ֪飬ҲȫͬԼĬġ
Сëٻٻ͸Ҫȥ۶Ĭ졣Сë֪ٻٻ书ȥĬҲǺ飬ЩǣٻٻһŮӣȥһܰʲôæҹȥɡ
ȥɣⷽ治еģȥҲûжٰæٻٻµ˵СëģСߣʲôΣյġ
ǺðɡСëҲǿ˵ľʵٻٻСʲôʱȥ
ĬȹԪɡ
ˣԪôСëʵ
ĬЦҲǹ֣ӦҼһԣʱҲһɡ
СëﲢûݣԪӦͼ֣ǵͷǺãȥҡ
ڶ죬ҲѧؼˣʱĬڼңѧҵæ˻ûô棬ȴóԪĻúþһۡ
Ϊ˲ǵǣĬûаǣֻ˵ЩӣҪԼȥ۶졣
ΪⲢǣ鶼޷⣬ǵģԼҲΪרעһЩ
֪ҪȥҲǳΪ絣ǣĬҪС£Ĭжͬʱֽһо˼ϵѹ
һյϣĬ׼󣬾ͺĽѩٻٻȻ·ˡΪS鱨ֵǲûֱɻǰɻȥSһγУȻת˻ȥ˶
һյ磬Ƿ˶ϣĬĽѩٻٻڱݵһС̸˽ļƻ
ٻٻǶﻹ̫죬ʹڱɣȥ֮һжS鱨ָͲ֪ٻٻĽٻٻʲôٻٻֶȽϤе
ĬҲ֪ٻٻΪϤԲûзԣͷǺã̽S鱨ֵͽˣҪǧСġ
֪ٻٻصص˵ͷҲҪСģS鱨ʱķӦúܽǶǣͲðˡ
ٻٻ뿪ĬֺĽѩ̸ǲҪɣĽѩʡ
Ĭ˼ã˵ҿɣҪϵЩǰS鱨ԱǸṩõϢҡɸպ͸Ҫ̽Ϲڼ˵ܲϹҵͻƿڡĬеķɸպ͸棬ǰȫЭǵˡ
ӣĽѩ˫۲Ĭ
Ĭ͵ǵģƺϹ˵ϲŮɫʱҲ϶ͲסįģҪܹҵӵ٣ʱֻҪ취ץͺðˡ
취ǲĽѩѾ֪ϹڵסˣҪ鵽ӵٵҲѡ
ĬǵҪ鵽ٺףҪҵЮǾͲһ׵ˡ
ĽѩȻϲŮɫһŮˡ
Ĭ˼˺һᣬҡͷҲͨϹڿǴڸ߶Ⱦ״̬ôӴİˣֻܴԭϰ֡



һʮ˻ Ϲ
ڶ죬˾Ϳʼͷжٻٻ̽S鱨ֺϹڵϵԼƱĵطĬɸպ͸Ǵ̽ϹԵ취ѰͻƿڣĽѩϵȫְߵļ˽⵽ϸڡ
ϴΰȫѾ̽ϹڵסĬṩ˺ܴķ㡣ֻҪϹסһεĵطܹ֪Ϲڼ˵жһЮֶԷ
ϹڵļڶһķܣĬҲܻ쵽ȥȴֻػС档
ΪʱﷱæϹ⼸첢ĬǰѵһĿϹڵĴϹϡڷɸպ͸˵Ϲڵ˶ĬΪ˽⣬Ĭֻ÷ɸպ͸ػС棬ԼǼ˼һ·ڡ
ھһļӺʱ֣Ĭڵõ֪ͨ˵ǿϹˣĬע⡣
ĬһֱһĽγڽӵϢշɸ˵Ĺƣؽǰ·ڣ·ʮ׵ĵطͿһ˹˹Ӱƽȵٶȿȥ͸ԿˣмǶʮüĿӢĬϹԣһ֮ȻϹԵڡ
Ĭ΢΢˼ţʱӿٶȣǳ׷ٶȥӺԱҲһǷɸպ͸Ƶ
ɸڳĬһ̫ԵOKƣȻͳǰϹԵ
ϹʶĬĬҲûиֻ̫ԶԶĺ棬ţԷɸ˵ĸٱ죬ǲᱻԷֵģԷ
ʮӣϹԵһֲǰͣʱɸոĬһ绰ڽһɫľֲҪҪ뿴
ĬʱԶһĵطһ߿ųһ˵ȥ̽һ°ɣܲɽȥ
ǺãһԡɸӦϹԵǷ̫ҪЮҲһ׵顣
ĬȰŪЮĻᣬѰҡ
ʵϣĬ˵ҪϹԵڸɵȻǿЮϹԣҲԲһѵ飬Sĵ̣ҳϹڵУĬҪ³ç£ЮϹԣԼҲ뿪ϹΪгʣҲܶϹ̫в
˵ĬڱС£ҵԷ©֪ЮϹԣһᾪS鱨ֵˣܹϹл֪Ƶľ䣬ʱ͸׾ȳˡ
һᣬɸִ绰˵ǾֲֻûԱ룬ҪΪԱǾֲϻԱܣ˸ͽȥ
ӺĬҲǾֲ棬һ۵ĵط˷ɸգ绹Ǳ߼𣿡
ǵġɸһɫǾֲĲ׽ȥǱ;
ôأĬһɻֲΪ׬ǮھȻǮҲ׬ˡ
ɸĥǺǸرζľֲװκǽʿĴŴӦô¡
Ĭ˷ɸյ˼ңһЩȺõľֲţëЩر𻹺Ǽ˵ģղϹԽǾֲӦںľֲˣĹ˿ͻ϶ϵΪ˱֤Щ˿͵ֲȻҪ㱣ܹˣʹûԱʧһð취
ǿܴܲط롣ĬһҪϹԿطб˷ֵΣգҲȫбҪһԡ
ȷ˷ĬͷɸվȻȥǾֲΧѰѵĽ;
ֲڵ¥ܹ߲¥ߣĻȷΧ·ֱȽ϶࣬Ҫ¥ֱ¥ǾԲһ׵顣
ⶰ¥ϲ棬ȴһʮ¥Ĵã֮ľ벻ֻףӻжϣֻҪԱⶰãЯװǽȥⶰ¥Ϸ
ҪھֲſڼϹԵ٣ȥ̽Ҳ䵽Ĭͷɸ˵ļͷϣԱⶰſڣɾͻ˽ȥȻ˵ʮ¥
һ¥ʱĹ˾Ѿ°ˣϸ̽һᣬȷʮ¥һ湫˾ΪԾ㡣
湫˾ûˣĬ˺ɾԿ״ǷţȻ뵽˹˾档
һ棬ڴѡһѵĵƣȡЯһ˹̶ӵһϣȫȷӵοԡ
ɸȽ˩Լϣӻ滬ȥӺǱ̨ƽеʱֹͣ»ȡһӣӵǱ̨ϡ
ӵһзĹӣ䵽̨֮ںӾԵ÷ǳȹˣˮƽӵܿͿǱ̨
Ӻ˾Ǳ߷ȻⷿߣΧ¥ʱ϶°ˣԵòǺټ˵˵ãû˵ע⡣
ڲ̽һȷ洰Ϊͻƿڣεȷ߳Ĭ˩ӣܿͻ¥ϴּĴڡ
ջڵʱǡˣĬȺ˽ӣץסε˴ڡ
սĬȥסſڣȻȴɸյ
һᣬɸҲϴּ䴰ڻ˽˿׼û˵Ļᣬܿ뿪ϴּ䡣
ʱǾֲӪҵ߷ڣ治ʱŸָʿĬ˵Ҳû˵ע⡣
ϾǱϸľֲ˾㲻˵ע⣬Ҳ뵽̽ϹԵҪһ㣬򵥵ķǻϷԱ·
˲ûѡԱΪֲķԱнܵİţҪǾֲзԱӰ˵ٽкܴܱ¶
ڲһ¥ҵһʱ·С䣬˵ǣⷿм׷·
ѡһ׺·ٶȻϣȻ˽ж
ȥ濴ܴϹڵķ䣬ھͽķ̽һ£ֲһɸջSԣ̽Ҳ䵽ļͷϡ
ĬSҲЩ˽⣬ȴ̫ϤǵͷǺãǶϵ



һʮŻ 
ڷɸ뿪ĬҲʼԼĲ̽жֲԻԱıԣʱ˷Ա·Ҳÿ˵ķţҪ̽ǵô洰֡
صϴּĴղӣѸٵػص¥ص¥ƶһ׷Ĵ⣬ٴλȥ
ڴĬӵϣֻ¶һԴڴڲ鿴
ȻڵţĵƹȻԵúǴ£¶һ׵ķ϶ȴÿԿ龰
Ĭ۾Ƿ϶λεĵƹ⣬
һƵĴϣһòŮӳ壬֫ӰڴϣγһΡ
ԱߣһˣһֻһŹֵߣŮӵ֮Ūţһֻһ֧ȼ򡭡
ĬʱףⲻSرϲһϷϷȻڵӰȽǶȳɹʿ˵ǻϵ⣬ѹǻ˱ܡ
Ĭֻǲ̽һĳڼȻ֪Ҳòż۲ˣǾͻնӣص¥
ջ¥ֻ˶ţǷɸշģϹ508䣬ǸղԾһȴ¥ȥǴڲ̽һ¡
Ĭһźɸ˵ǵطողŵķɾ˷ɸǴڡ
ڵĴղǴкܿķ϶Ĭܲù۲ȴһȣԵøΪ
ֻ洫һŮĻƺʹƺˬ͸浽ʲô
ƺҪǷһЩĬаѰ˼ڽŮ֮£Ҳ֪ʲô»
Ĭָɸշһţߵ˵ˡܿ죬ɸյĶžͻ˹Ѿⷿˣ취ŪҪʱҽ
Ĭ־һֽǿһ϶
ʵĬ⣬Ϊα˲ŮǳʿĬҪѰҵϹԡ
ϹԲţϻŮһزһϡ
ĬȵǣŮĺòȻ޼ȻһŮ˫̥
ĬȻ龰ȴԽкãϹԱ˸ˣǶ˵͸ʡ
Χûп˴ڣĬʼжַһŸɸգ֮󣬲취Ů
ɸڻһź󣬾ö׷ķţϹϵŮţֹͣϵĶһ֮S
ĬSҲһϤ˵Ժͱ²⣬ȻɻΪʲôš
ɸյȻͣʱϹS˵һ仰ȻһŮӾʹӴ·ȥˡ
ŮӴ򿪷ţһİзվ⣬ɵ𱸵ʲôôʱǣ
ɸһ˵ģãܲȥ
ŮûʱڽӴˣκǶ˵žҪֹš
ɸոæסװһӣõĹϵһЩ㲻гʰɡ
У֮˵Ůš
ɸҪͶԷϣŮӹŵʱһ̵ػε˷棬Ůƶ֮ǰŹˡ
Ůû뵽ɸջǿн룬Ҫ𱸣ɸȴ˵͸Ұʱ䣬ҺˣֻҪгܹŪˡ
Ůɻ˷ɸһۣЭǺãȵȣҽȥʡ˵ţת淿䣬ڽ֮ʱ˷ţɸտӵ
ŮӽһŮӺϹ˵֮ϹԲɵñԹһŮǱֳǿҵĺģ浽ʲôԼأ
ϹȻŭ𣬵Ϊ˾飬ǶŮ֣ȳȥҸʱ䡣
ŮڵõϹԵһӣڳ֮ʱŹˡ
ŮӸոճţĬͻȻǿ˴ɵ䵽棬Ķʵ̫ѸˣϹԻûогͳ嵽˴ߣסϹԵ͡
ϹȫţҪȴΪȴֻܵͳؽУûнг֮ǰĶͷͱĬǹסˡ
Ĭ˵ҽУȻһǹ㡣Сȴ˲
ϹſĬӣ֪Ĭ֪ⲻǿЦĻ¶ʱæŵ˵ͷ
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ΪԼȫϹԲ˿ֻܾǲͣͷ
ĬһѷĵӣһϵӣȻǹƵĲӴӴվ
ĬЮ£ϹԹȥ򿪷ţ¶ӶŮ˵ҽûȤˣȳȥɣ
ŮӴʱںͷɸ̸۵ʲôϹ˵ĻΪΪж϶ŭæ͵磬ǲ˼ǡ
ϹҲǼˣ֪ԼʱĬ¶˳ΨһĺæŮĻ˵ûʲôԼԭĲˡ˵žһŹˡ
ŮûпǵϹԼôӽ⿪ģڼϹԹţΪûȤأ֪Ȥزٴ
ĬϹԹźֽѺ˴ߣ˶ȥ֮żȵֻ㱣ڴ绰˵Ͼҹ
ϹĬĻ֮׼ĬȴĬƣһϹԵԺϹܹػͻ˹ȥ
ĬղǼӣٴνϹȻڣղڴڵӣٵشϹ뿪



ٶʮ ж
ץϹԺĬסɸպ͸Ǿֲºۼ
ĬǰеĵطҪһǾƵ׷һطһմɵ꣬մɵ㺣й̵ģʵȴǰȫְļж㺣ҪӦĬ˵ġ
Ĭѡ˰ϹԴմɵ꣬ϾھƵļȽ϶࣬ҪԼ˱˵ע⣬жͺܹܿһ
Ĭ֪ͨմɵ㺣ոմɵſڵʱ㺣ʹ¥ˡ
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ĬҲٽԱͣλȻŽ档
ڷŸָľմɣڱһСţСŽȥһЩխС¥ݣ¥ϣһһһݣ㺣ƽʱסĵط
˰ϹԴС󣬹غΧŴȻӺ˳ȥ
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ĬҲǰҪ˵ڵ䡣
ұ㣿ϹʶĬ˼æסҰְŵģҲҲ֪ʲôط
֪𣿡ĬùԱ߲輸ϵһˮŵϹԵǰȻ㲻֪䣬ҲûжˣҾĥĥɡ˵ͬʱӻϹԵȥ
ǷĵӣϹʵھ£ȫҵţ۾ǽճ塣ĬеĵӺܿϹԵ۾Ƥ´֮Ȼû˿ĵܿʹϹԵ۾ƤѪ͸˳
˵Ϲձˡ
ȻͳǶ棬ǱϾѪԵϵıܣСʱҲһ֣໥֮仹Щ飬Ȼ˳ƣǴ˵ǲԸ⸸ôģԸ⸸˺㣬Դβ˵ر𷴶Ĭȳơ
ʱ۾Ĭӵв£ٲʵԼû˫ۣܵҲ̶õĿ̣ʵûʹ࣬˵ʱȻѡ
ǿ˵Ĭеĵӣ¶һ˿Ц
Ϲ˫ۣ˲Ƥ͸Ѫ촽ţҪ˵ˣǡǲǾͻŹң
ĬͿıˣıַǳãҲΪ㣬ǵĹǾͲܹĺˡ˵ĺĸʱĬϳһëȻĿ־С
ô㡣ϹһõĬĳŵΪֻ˰ϵлȥĻᡣ
ĬƽıܣֻҪǰȳʱҲмģֻҪм㣬ҲȻᶯһë
ϹȻĬ̫˽⣬ǶԳƵȴǳ˽⣬ҪԼİĬȳ϶ĬԼ¶֣ʱԼлȥϣ뵽ʵ˵ұھסǱǱķܣǲܽȥġ
ĬͲµһ㣬Ϲô˵²ЩΪĬһᣬԺͻһƣ˵ǲܵģǾǽȥ
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ǾͺãʱԿ롣Ĭ°һ
Ҳиѵ㡣㺣СӵһĽγ߸ͲҵҵˣϸڲҲͬʱŵʱ򣬺ܻܿɵġ
ⲻڰˡĬ˵ţ绰ɸǴ˸绰ȷѾֲǱߵ󣬱ǽж˰š
˵绰ĬĿתϹϣڰ˵Ļ㱣ڴ绰ȥ###
Ϲ֪ĬԼıڶ֣ȻԼڻмΪԼܹǲòĬķԸ¡
ܿ죬ĬϹ԰˳õĵطϷɸǽЮȻҲ˹صСϹԵγҲɵ䵽ĬǵС
ŵʱĽѩٻٻҲȺصһ˽ж
ĬĽѩٻٻôˣ
ڻȷҪҵ˾ϹסǸССΧ˲پS鱨ֵˣҪȥˣǾԲһ׵顭
Ĭص˵ͷְĿͶĽѩĽѩ㣬ô
ڻѾź˽ӦǵˣֻҪǾȳܹȫ뿪Ľѩ˵
ϹھֲʧˣȻֲϲܷ飬ʱ˿϶ֵģĬǱھֲϹʧ֮ǰƾȳǱڵϲȡж
̶賿֮ʼжʱĬͷɸϹΪڻСȡʱھȳСΣʱĬˣٻٻҪǷڣעԷS鱨ֵжĽѩ㺣Ҫº
ȷƻ֮Ĭ˾Ϳʼ׼װˣȻﲻлǹͲһǹסǹһȴ׼ˣʱó

賿ʱĬͷɸװϹڵӣȻѺϹ˹˹ӰСȥˡ
ʻСſڵʱûΪĻ׷Уú󱳱ǹָŵϹԴΪ𣬡ιϲóҲҪ飿
ղŲûע⿪Ϲԣڿ֮΢΢Щ⣬ôϹԱڿأ
Ȼûоʹ˷Уһ˵Ǽһĺ䣬ȷһǷ˶ֽš˵ž͵ȴĺˡ
˱S鱨ְļԱҪ˻Ҫĺλõģ˼ϹԴʱЩŭҲͰп޵ĳˡ
㿪ţϹִ
˼û쳣æһСţųС
ڳƲûбϹԼΧػıҲûϹԼ࣬ȴǸӷĬ˵ж
ڽСĬͷɸվͱϹ԰ѳƵĵط
һ¥ߵСϹԿе֪ҪһһŮS鱨ֵڼӳơ
ĬڰʵòԺһ»ϹԵĺԴϣϹٴ˹ȥ
˽Ϲ԰ᵽλϣס֫סͣȻǶȥˡ
Ϊ˲ѣⶰĴ˷ϴּ䴰ڶ⣬ϹûԿףĬϴּĴڴʱòԼЯС͸ºǹмˡ
ڸϷ˺ɾͽϴּ䣬ϴּĬмĳƷȥˣɸڹϷڡ
ʱѾˣصߣĬ˵жû˵ע⡣
Ĭɾʹ˳Ƶķ䣬ƴߵʱ򣬳ƻ統УΪ˲óƾѺУĬ쵽Ƶ첿Ϸһ°ϡ
ƸĬ⶯ѹܵؾУĬסͣԸͷ
ͬʱĬѾ˳ƵĶߣƽ㣬Ĭ
ƺܿͷӦ˹ֹͣ˵ͳڷʵ̫ˣܿĬòĬղŵ̫ͣʱȴǲжǲĬ
ĬҲ֪ƴʱ״æϵֻԼ沿һ£Ȼֵƽ㣬ھʹ뿪
ʱƲȷĬѹõ޶ȵͷţˮ˲䱥˫ۡ



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ƽ㣬ڴ뿪Ĭڳƶ˵
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Ĭû·ˣ׼·Ьӵġ
֪ʱҪĶȻĬ׼£Ҳò˷ʱ䣬ŵشӴЬ
ȻůǳƲŴӱǲоЩ䣬΢΢˼£жҲԵЩٶۡ
ƴЬӺĬһƵֱۣ˵ȥǱϴּ䣬ȥĬǿߴųȥģж϶Էܿϰ˼ͱ֮ڵ⣬ԻǴԭ·Ϊá
ߵϣɸȻغɴ˿Ǳ߼سƵ˲ûκ쳣ɸĬһȫƣȻͽȥϴּ䡣
Ĭųϴּ䣬Լ˴棬ӽӹ̶Ȼ÷ɸհæѳͳɸտǾѡع㹻һѾͽƴխСĴ˳Ĭ׼һֻץڴסӣһѽ˹
Ȼ׼ûо־ճ棬ڽͻȻһգһңҪС
ĬϵƻķӦֻץڴڵѾ䵽Ƶߣг֮ǰסͣű˾ˡ
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Ĭ˺ܶྫעΧϣǸо˳ӵı仯ɴ˲µе뷨ټǼڼഥк㷢Ʈ㣬½סһȻмʱ̡
֪ʱĴ̬תԼʧ־§ųƵӣطſ¥¶ȥ
ڴʱ賿ӣǼԱ˯ʱڼСķǳܣⷴн˼ԱľģĬһֱӴ¥»¥£Ҳûзκκζ
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Ĭæ͵ϹԣǴ˹ȥ
ԣ΢΢Ĭһᣬ漴Ĭץʣæǵʲô°ɣ
ȻԼҲϹԵһݹͣϹԱϾǳƵıܣʼնԳƶûó̫ܵίӶǼƵı׼ټϳƱһˣʱȻϹԵԼܣڼɵΪΣЩǡ
ûʲôǰȫ֮һŵġĬ˳ƵĹǣƽ㣬°ɡ˵ţ͵ݹһ¡
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ɸ΢΢ͷʻϷǱεСȥˣĬͳͨĽѩĽѩ㣬ôˣ
ѾͣС棬ʱԽӦǣ׼ĵطɡ
ǺãǵôĬʡ
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ڽһЩϸ֮ĬжͨʱѾһΪεĴ֣Ĭ÷ɸͣô̼ҩˮ絽ϹԵϣʹϹٴ˹
Ϲ󣬲ǻԹޣĬһʵ̫ɶˣҪԼʱͰԼŪѣҪԼʱʹԼֱȶħҪݺݵصĬСӣ㵽ô
ĬǾȳ㣬ֻҪ뿪Ҿͷ㡣
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ô˵ǲԸˡĬ˵ͬʱѾϳһѷĵӣǵڳ·Ƶ£Ե˵ĴĿġ
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ȻȥҲкܴΣԣĬΪСط˺ܶ߿Ƽļ;ȥЩϤĵطðգֱӵĶĲʽſڱ˷ˣȥǿĴټϸڻкܴġ
ϹҲĬ˱ץסΪʣĬʧ֣ζͷǺðɣһԡ˵žͻʻҵλãȥˡ
ĬͷɸˣڳƵǰϵĳƱ֡
ſڣSعݵǷϵ˾ϹԺҲԵЩ⡣
Ը磬ôͳţһʵ
ϹԾԼƽȥе㼱Ҫ죬㿪Űɡ
棬Ҫæİȫȥȫȥղ˵ȻϹӣ׼ȥǱ߿ţȻһһķȴҪϽö࣬˵Ҹղſϰҹ¼㲻ǲŴôھҪȥ˵ͬʱ˫۾ʱ͸ʻҲĴ
ĬͷɸͰԴټϳĵƹⰵԲûӲ鴦쳣¶ֱ⣬һ￴ûд׷УҪϸһ㣬϶ᱻ쳣ġ



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һȥõҪĶϹԽ͵
һȻûпĬ˵ӣǳӺǵͷģȴĻɣټϹԵɫӶЩ쳣ȷ⣬˵һ㱣⣬֪ܲǼһ¡
Ϲ֪¶ˣɫɵһţСʲô⣬һҪʱء
Ϲı֣ĻɣûкϹԷϻҪż顣Ĭע⵽һһ֪ʱѾټαװȥˣΨһİ취ʱڴӳһֻһ㣬һ´ӺŵλϷǰżʻϣһѽϹƿȻϵ˼ʻԱλϡ
ɸպĬϷǳĬҲͬʱ˻еǹȻᶯǹ׼ŵ
ͻ쳣ֵ֪ĶԵУҲڵһʱ˻УͬʱԴӵȥɸյĹ
һ죬ɸеӵӼʻԱߵĴ˳ȥΪʱһǹȴ˸ա
һҲϹԵʱ˳ڵ쳣Ҳһʱ䷴Ӧٶͳ˻еǹ
ʱĬѾһɿؽ˺ףһתнת˺ܴһǶȡһĬڵ˴ſڡ
һԱ׼õһѲǹȻ׼Զȥ鼸ǹһѪ֮УһȻûе£ǴҲһǹսʱһ롣
ǹһ˱һǶһֻǹͣĬڵǷģֻӵϣȴк˺
ӵķҲǳܣĬһʱ᲻ܰѶԷУֻתƲǹķ˴еĲǹȻʲôĲǹǽҲȻͬѰӵ֮ʱѡ
ĬһţһͷϬţųȥ׵룬ټܾͷſڵʱ򣬳Ѿǳˡ
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ȻϹķҲװ̥һӵ̥ǶʱȥҲ
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⻻ж̶˵ģΪϹԵ˹˹Ӱʵ̫رˣȻٶȷǳ죬ȴӹSװ׷οһ̥ƣͲܼʻ
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һ죬ױըĹѿĹ·յ磬𶯸һ㣬Զڼʮ׿ĬظоĲ
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׵ĽѩĽѩղһֱǹ·ߴڼԷ׷϶ǡʱӳ
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ȻںȴĬİΣĬҪڻԼ뿪ǿ϶ᾭܴΣյģҪѣһӣһӡ
ĬĽѩûô뷨ΨһҪľڻǰ뿪Ϊ˲˵Ļɣ˲ûаǰĺ棬ǼӴţ͵شԱһˡ
˵ĿĺȷղתƳƵʱԽҰͣһ۵ĵطһ˱˵⣬ɢԷעڲע
ںԽҰֵкĬȡһף˳档
һں𣬲˸ûתͷһۺ棬ΪǶ֪沢û׷ˣ챬ըĿֻöԷ֪Լ·
Ĭѯһ·ɸǱߵ֪ʱS鱨ֵľѾ죬Χǿ˼ӣԼĺкܱܿ¶ԷλãջǷ뷨
ĬţԷɸպ͸ԼٻٻϤټϹʣӦкܴԼڻģԼҲ̫ǵ
Ӻһ·ڣǰϵһһȻղſڵĳͻѾS鱨ֵ֪S鱨Ѿʼ˶Ĭ˵׷ж



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תۼ䣬Ѿ˾ԱߣĽѩȻͣöԷ飬һĻߣƹǾĵطֱǰ·ȥ
ܼ飬ʶ⣬һ߿׷ߣһ߻㱨ϼܵķ
Ľѩϸ·Ĭ˵ɣעΧĽѩ˵ĬĳΪһ׷Ǿ͸װѶԷΧˡ
ĽѩҲ֪һ㣬û˿ԥ
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Ӻ͵˸·ڣڸٽѾϲ״̬Ĭûȥܼ飬Ǽţ·ڳȥ
һ죬ײ·ڵˣ˸·Ĭһ㹫·ģһ㹫·Խ٣ҵ·ױ£ԻѡָΪĸ·Ļᡣ
˸·ͺ׷ˣĬȴ֪ʱԼΣգһǸ·ǰ·ڿ϶ؾԷֱܳһװʱԼͻٸѡ
ȻٵΣնֵõģԷԼĵ׷Խ󣬾ζǻӳ¶̫ܲԷκע⡣
ʱ洫һ۵Ľѩʶ鷳ˣͷһۣԷֱ׷ˡ
Ĭڿ֮࣬Ҳͷһۺ棬бϷٶ׵ĵطܻҰɫ˫ֱ׷ߣֱĵײСͻͲȻS鱨רû
ģЩһ׷Ѹ٣Ҳϸ·ڣֱ׷ϵĬаͬʱȴмңǰǺƽǷֿܵģȻػֱѾ˺ˡ
ڸ·ϵ̫࣬ĬԻľȥ鿴Էֱ״һֱָ̣һСξ룬ֱһһҷֱ棬ȻҪԴʵʩ
һֱ·Ļڷ˳ֱĬ
ĽѩȻ֪Ĭʱעź̲סһСģ
ĬڵһʱͷӦ˹ȷԷĵص㣬ֱǻһ룬ȷǻĽγҲࡣ
ȻԷҲ֪ĬǸܵĸ֣²Ĭڿڷ䣬ıĳܻڣԲѡ档
ȻڲǳģĬȻԭĳϸʻš
һ죬ǻڽγĹ·ϱƿҫĹâ·յͨǳ˶͸εĬһʹ
ԱߵĽѩȻ״ʱգȴû˿ľţһʺܺã֪Ĭܹյġ
ˡĽѩܵؽе
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Ĭı䳵ǻڿ䵽ϣĬȷжϣŶ㿪˶ԷΣһ
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Ĭûоţһʱסɲת̣֨һɲ죬γĸ̥ĵԵɲӡͬʱĳȴǻһĻߣͣ·м䡣
ʱѾϷ䵽ǰʮ׵ĵ·ϣʱƿǱըƬ䵽ߣò졣
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ΪĬֱͣҲ˲ҪϷĬĬ׼͵һӣڹ·ϵ˲ȴǴ·ؿȥ
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ڼʮͿӭ濪Ǹղں׷ϵ
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ĬСһ뷨ЩïֵڻѶԷ׷Ϸֱɻ׷ᣬͻһƣĽѩ˵׼ûͲһỬ··ߣȻһṥֱ
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תۼ䣬Ѿһǳ˵ߵѾѳٽŲֳײ¹ʣȻĬûȫ٣ֻԵز˲ɲʹٶȻѸޱȡ
תתͣȴӭŶسײȥͻıһæת̣ȫȥ
ĬҲæתƫȥ
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׼Ĭֺ󣬲ûлңһֻֽỵ̂ͣתŷԱײ̫ɣһֻȥر˳ƣĿԵòôԡ
¹رճƣֻΣգĬ·ĿľҪ㿪ֱļӣȻҪѵƹصˡ
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Ĭʱ죬͵ƿɿĳţ׼ʱһȥ
ĽѩҲ׼Ĭ֮ʣҲ
Ȼ·߲㶸ͣղŵʵ̫ˣĬûǿҵزɲЩСʯͷ֦ûеֵסļǰ
¡¡һ֮Ѿ·ʮˣһƬïܵͣסˡ
Ĭ֮ǵһʱĽѩߣʵû°ɡ
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Ĭ֪ĽѩڸղʱˤˣȻϧ֪ʱ򲢲ʱԲûйѯĽѩǿٵǰĽѩͲӳĵطϸѰ˻Ͳڵλá
˵ǣһʱҵ˻ͲͲղŲûҵײûܵ˿𻵡
ĬæͲһԿĵطͲڵϣڷͲ׼ֱĹ
ֱĬתʱΪٶ̫˹·ûж˿ĻɣȻٵѾٻòˣֱϵԱȻԸſĺûᣬȴϷУԲ̽ľλá
̽һᣬֱ·ûʲôӦǻ½䡭
ȻʱͻȻɳһҫ۵Ļ⣬һ죬ֱֱֱһֱΪѾˣû㹻׼ǻͲֵڻôܶһ
һ죬ֱƬ˵ĲкȼһƬ
ֱɵˣζеĵˣĬװΧ׷뾡뿪Ȼһװ׷ϣ鷳
嵽ĽѩԱߣ˲ò鿴ľƣһѽ§Ȼ󱳵Լļͷϣɿ·ϳȥ
˵ˣĬܱʡ
ײһʯͷˣˡĽѩӦ
Ĭ°ǣΣĽѩֹˣȴǸ
Ĭ㹻ΣգԼĽѩȻܹ˼򵥵װֱǽ϶̫Σա
תۼ䣬ĬѾĽѩ˹··ڣȴһվ·ߣǱֱȼһƬһ𷢴
ļʻԱղΪĬռײ·ߵϣҲͣ
ڼһԼ󣬼Լû̫𻵣˹·ߣһһĬĬָ˵
ȻߵȴϣĬĳ֣ȻϳһֱȻֱȻһڻһеһУ˵̫̫˼ˣʱȻסˡ
һӱһŮӴ·ŷӦô£׼ѯ˵ȴĬһ˿ȥ
ι˸ʲôأҪǵơӱĬͻȻһѣԵ÷ǳS𱸵˵
ĬûȫӵĻҲȥ˼ѸٵسӵӻûзӦô֮ǰͽĽѩŵʻңȻԼ˼ʻҡ
æɿ߳ϵʱĬѾ
ĬڿͬʱѾһǹ׼ȴĽѩֹˣСֻͨƽգɡ
Ĭǲ׷̫֪ԼԲ뵽ɱڣȴûй˼Է޹Ľѩѣ²ЩԥҪǲɱˣ϶绰Լͻ֪͸Ϊˣǿǹ޹ӣԼʵڹⲻȥSˡ
ӼĬжһ֧ʱη嵨Ű䡣
ĽѩĬЩԥȰղʱڹǵƣ˵ǻˡ
Ĭ׷ɱԷ뷨Ųţת̣ܿͽһһٰʮת䡣
ԼİߣӼʹǷŭԶȥķҧгݵ쵰ҲŹǵġ˵ţóֻͨ˱绰
һʹڣĬǰֳܻ˽⣬ڼ򵥵һܺ󣬾ͽٶȻûֱ׷ϣҪⱻ󷽵ľ׷ϣٶȻɿ졭
߰˷Ӻ󣬺׷ϵľ͵ֱĵطڵ֪Ĭһ߿׷ϣһ֪ͨǰľȫĬ
ĬʻʮӺ󣬼ǰһС·С·ľͷһļͥĬ֪ÿÿСһȻԼѾˣԼβٻһأ
ֻһҵסһֻҪԼжס֪ǾͲ˵ע⣬ʱû֪ǻˡ
뵽ĬԥؽǸС·
ȻĬҲ֪ܲ˵Ϊﻹ˵ʲô壿
ĽѩĬתʵڲ⣬æǵһ·ȥʲô
ĬӦ
Ľѩ΢΢һ漴ĬͼҲټѯʡ
ܿ죬Ĭͽסǰǹ·ͷǡһ洦ĬѸٴӳſڣȡЯԿףɾͽˡ
Ż谵ҹ⣬ĬܹһɫƤĬٵز鿴һܵûʲôΣԣǿſڣܿš
Ĭǽ˵棬ȻصԭϣϢؽŰĽѩƤϣڳʱ棬Ƥⵥ
ڲŲĵ룬ס˯УĬĶֺС˿ûоˡ
صϣĬԥѡղŵ·ʻȥΪڶԷѾ·ĸ·ڷˣҪԼڿǰǱȻᱻǰ˶סʱǰǺлԼҲѷˡ
ղ·أȻԷԼѾԷּ׷ԼҹɫڻԼȫпܶ㿪ǵע⡣
ȻҲ϶кܴΣԣνʤԼӦʹó䲻ѰĻᡣ
Ͽ˼ףͼǱ߿Ȼ׷Ĭ
Ĭûбֳ˿η壬ȻǲؽǱ߿ȥ;ʱ򣬻⽵ٶȣƽʱóû˿Ĳ
һ׷ǰûע⵽ϵļʻԱĬԱ߷ɳ۶ȥֱĬԱ߹ȥ֮ĬŴһĿⱾܵԱߵĽѩ
ĽѩȻʹޱȣǴʱȴɶˣӶЦ¶һҡ
ķӺĬͻص˸ղԼĵطʱѾ˺ܶˣеֱĲкеѰĬµ֤ݣҶûעƤĬɾʹ
ϰ˵࣬ĬڻѾ뿪ٶ๫һغСͣһ绰ͨ˷ɸյĵ绰
ӵ绰е֪ɸںĬֵһֱûκע⣬ɵС
ĬĵҲˣڳҲͬһУǺȥǻϵģĽѩˣж˵ע⣬Ҳͷ뷨
ȻѾԶ˶ĬǴⲻãȥ̳һЩ򵥵ĻױƷûԼĽѩ޶ȵݣȻ׼õļݿһ۵СùݣżĽѩơ
ĽѩƱĬлҪأȴȹۣСҲˣĽѩصƣһΪʱٶʵ̫ˣλǡпӲ͹ʯ͹ʯײ˸ţʱĻ˵ĺڰţҲˡ
Ĭڲ鿴һƺ󣬲ɵýüͷƲᣬҿǻҸطһ°ɡ
ĽѩæҲûʲô󰭣ڳȥ˿϶ע⣬ʱ鷳ˡ
ĬҲȷʵ˿ڵʱֻҪһʱܻضʵڲĽѩʱʹ
ĽѩĬ˼ɵЦЦûϵģǹ۶ˣ㵢Ҳʲô⡣
ĽѩɵЦݣĬ¸ΣĽѩΪ˰Լ˵İȴû˿ԹڣǰֱвʱҲûбֳ˿η壬Լͬ⣬ԼһӶܻ塣
ͻȻסĽѩ֣Ľѩ㣬治֪˵ʲôΪҸ̫ˡ
ĽѩȻһЦ˵Ļ
ĬԼȷʵ˵ʲôмĻΪκ¶Եò԰ֻо˫֣˫ĿӣĿĿ⽻֯⡣
Ľѩǻȥ󣬿ҪҸطʱһɡĬᡣ
ĽѩҲ֪λȥҪҸطΪĬSдģϮжSҪԱS鱨ǿ϶׷Źǵģʱؽ鷳ҸطǱܿ鷳÷
ĽѩҲҲĬһĬѾ˶ʱĬô˵ȻǸˣȴЩΪѡ
ãĽѩŵȻعٿɣ¶ҲһܹģʱҪСǧңҲܺһȥɣ
ĬĽѩ˼ʵҲǺԼһģֻĺ¶¶ǲܸùϵĬҲǵ⣬ȻڽһʱúչĽѩ㣬ù˼¶¶ǵĸܣҪǺܷԼԼҲ¡
ǵȻع˵ɣһǺú̸̸ġĬվ˵ЩúϢһ°ɣҳȥҵӪҺ䣬˳һ¶ԷͻȥĻᡣ
Ľѩ΢΢ͷţԼСһЩ
ȻһҹδߣĬľȴ쳣ӣȥҽԺҪ˼ҺõӪҺȻصСùݣĽѩ˵Σųȥ̽
һĴĬͨ෽;˽⵽SѾȫλؿʼ׷ĬˣĬһҹ֮SֻͨҪṩĬǵκϢͽõĽ
ĬҲһ»عķڷɻͺǿ˷ĬǸͲɻʹ뿪Ψһİ취һ洬ȻҹȥֻҪ뺫ڣǾͲܵSĸˡ
ĬҪչĽѩԲûȥѰҴֻǽ񽻸˸壬ϰ˵ʱ򣬸ʹ绰˵ںŪһֻС洬ʮһںߵĳطϣȻ
ʮһӣĬĽѩ׼ʱԼĵطʱƣٻٻƸպ͸嶼
Ϊ˲öԷ֪ٻٻǵܷڳ˶Ǻ󣬾ͰϹӵ·ߵһһϹԾͲ֮ǰ˷֣Ҳɥ
֪Ľѩ˺ʵΣĽѩһм
Ĭæֹƽ㣬ҶԼˣôģǻϴɡ
Ҳ֪Ҫʱ䣬˵ͷȻʹһС洬
ϴ˲ûд򿪴ƣϷʻȥͿԱ⺣Ѳļ顣
ҹ£ǹҲǰ޵Ƶ£ֶָӸĬĺûᣬһ·ϾȻû˿
賿ĵӣ˺ڣǲûпǼ淽йȥ
˵ӣڻصй򣬸й򲻾ãһѲ߽ͧӭӦĬǵġ
Ѳ߽ĬŰĳĽѩǵһʱ˽ͧơ
ĬǸ˱һƽȻͨϹΡ
Ϲڵ֪ĬƽҲһСҸһϢ࣬ȫֵѾץ
Ĭѳƾȳ󣬰ȫֵ˾ͰѸ۶ץڸ۶Ϲڡ
ͬǱ۶·߱SʵǲϹûĬǵĻӢ£ȫֵץҲ֮е顣
ĬȻ֪ǱȻĽڳʵ»Щ˷ܣϾץסϹڣԼϹζ̫̫ľˡ
С黹ö㣬Ҫұ˳ҲץϹڡϹο
ĬһЦòлҵģƽҲҵĽ㣬ҾӦõ顣
Ǻðɣٺú̸ҵʱȥҵġ
Ĭͧص򣬳ƺĽѩɻص˶Ĭȥȫܲ㱨һϸ˻ضķɻ
˼ǼĬȫϲȻԱϹκͳƸǶĬмޡ
ĬĽѩյϼָ˵ҪҸطһǱS鱨ֵıжS϶ҰȫʩѹҪҰȫֽԷأɱ˵֡
ϹֻƣԳƲûйֱӵȫĬΪ˾һûܵȫˣðȻSأһ˺SʮҪȫԱڹʹȫ˵ȥģҰȫҲĬ˽ȥǽS´
ҰȫȻܽĬ˽ȥΪ˱SϹ鷳ֻҪĬĽѩһǾͿԽҲĬĽѩ顣
ĬҲ֪е¶ŮǿҪĬһȻصĵطһС壬Ϊ˺Ĭһ𣬶Ѹû˿ں
˼ĬͲѯԻԼĺǵġ
磬Ĭ˼棬¶ۼһ飬ĽѩҲһȥɽε뷨һĽѩ˲ûпһչʱΣգĽѩҲԶһ档
Ҳ¶ȻҲӦúĽѩһ𣬵ǻǱֵúǲĬȰοŮղǿӦĬ顭
ĬΪĵԼĸĸԼ뿪֮󣬿϶һʱܹصģڼ仹ͨ绰϶øĸΪԼ˼ġ
Ҳûа취ĸĶˣҶôһˣҪȥɽסǿ϶᲻ϰߵģ˵ˣڸԼһѾôˣҪټһЩˣԼʱһܹչ˹»԰ǸӰȫ
ȻĬS˻ֱ鷳Ϊ鶼ԼĽѩɵģ׷ΣҲ׷ͷϣS鱨Ҫ鷳ǰȫֽȫֹǵжȥ׷ǵΡ
ΪĽѩĸĸܹȫĬĸҲӵСϵİȫҲõ㹻ı֤
ھϸĬվȥɽһСΣ֮ǰȥǱߵһһסѽһЩ鶼׼ˣֻĬ˵ס
֮ǰϹҵĬһεĶԻ
ڰʱϸ̸һϹҲ˵ʲôĻˣֻ˵С˵ʵҷǳĻǺ¸ңҷ֣ʱദѾϲˡ
Ĭ²Щ⣬ʵû뵽ϹŮǿˣȻϲԼŮǡĴӣ˵κΪһʱȻ֪˵ʲô
Ǻǣ㲻ɡϹЦӯӯҶϲɲСŮϲǶͣҲȥ
ĬظæڨڨЦÊνͣⱲûа׻ˡ
ǣСӻ˵ġϹͻȻСӣȻҺܸл㣬Ҳ㣬һ¹һ£ҪԺܵʲôίĿɲŹ㡣
Ĭæ֪˼ܵκί㾡ҡ
뿪죬ҲҵĬS飬ƶĬİ޼ֻݺӣҲĬһεҪ󣬸οɺźͺõĴڣ뿪ԭ
ۼĬҪȥҲܲסеˣ˲Աߵ˼¶ˣĬ֣ϳ⣬СĻҾͲ˵ˣȷ粨ƽϢ֮;ɣʱҾͰᵽסһ顭һ˵һʱ᲻ܻҹʱҲ϶ġ
ĻԱߵ˼¶ǶƣֻǴʱҲܲ˵ʲôҲֻɳƱˡ
ԱߵĺǽĬ½ǣ磬Һʱ棬ʱҪúдǰ
Ĭһжһ§ãһ۵ţʱٺú桭
ºãԱߵȴһ˵ĬĻУ磬һ·һҪúñأ粨δƽ㾡Ҫ̽ǡ
ڹؼĸʱڣĬܰһ·ҲֻðڸĸңѧϰܼԼʱԼԼʵݣܵ˺ҲСһЩ
ÿʼһҪĬһȥĬϸеĵµջǾһ̫ĸԼиľӭӼ֮ĸ߿Ȼ羭̽ԼںİΣڷ粨δƽ֮ǰҪ׻
ĬΨиж§ý˵ţעⰲȫģԺûиʱҲҪúչԼʱ㡭
ӵ˺þãŷ뿪Ĭȥʱ򣬿Ƕ˫Ŀ⣬°ٸн
ȻвᣬûжٱˣΪţS鱨ҲΪݵģʱһǾͲٶˣʱԼȫڻص
ǰķɻϣ˼ʵС㣬ĴСһӵ𣿡
Ĭ˼ã˵ҲͨˣԲǶС˺Ҿҵʵݸ֪һҵ׸ġ
ǰĬûаԼʵݸãһΪϼĹ涨ðй¶˳ȥΪӦõĸ磬ҪܣڣѾûҪˣԼѾˣȫԻָԼǰݣø統Ǹ޷ǲ̫ܵ˺ֻҪԼһ㣬Ǿȫȥƽһ㣬ô飬úõ֮Ҳòˣ֪ԼʵݣҲӦûԼɸ硣
ô֮ǰ
¶棬㱿Сڽŵĸ߿ϰǿһת۵㣬СǲܵӰ˸߿ϰ
УŬʵҲ뵽㣬ֻ㶺СӰˡ
Ĭ΢΢һЦȴûӦ˵ĻȴǴø߿֮ٸ飬һӰĸ߿߿֮ǣȴڶ˼
˷ɻ󣬻мٹ·̣˲ûгȥרŵֱֱͣԶ붼еСɽ壬һȰźõס
ǰ¶Ǻϲȥ深ˣģ⼸ΪֻڼѾϰլŮھסûжеСׯҲģ˳˿ԣӺʹ⣬ȥԱߵĳﹳ㣬Ǻ
˼һֱæС˵վ裬ǵҲܹվû̫ܵӰ죬ĽѩĵǿټʱҪΪˣһܡ
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