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ˣ
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ôѴֻ򣬱ʱǣΨһĿ꣡


1 Ƽʳ
ƷΨжߡ
Կطĩ·֮Ҳɾǧʷ֮У顢ɰʱ
ȴ¸ȴƶѳ
Ǻǣôʱ

ش·ĵݣԭأԶ߻ĺӡӡԺӡӵȼӴڶϻڰ׺ӣע뺺ˮ
ĵ˵ɽƽԭľѵòԣũ²ʢزķᡣ
ݳǲ󣬵ȴʮַ١
ʱîʱδڸУи˳֯ɫٽֶһʢ֮ˡ
죬зУΪƱߵɫҴңĳаնԵôݰݣڴƮĸ㷹֮С
ӸһվԼҵǰͣɤӽ
ǣȻ֯չȴ޼ۼһϸҡ˿˹æȣ
ϣĿǹ磡иճĴ״һȥ
ϸƲһİ洶ΪɪкγͷͷҪƼǣҪŲ硣
죬ζɨһ۲ԶƼǡ
ûţ˼ƼǰѾˡ
˵ףʼƴԩǮˡ
ƼǹҪҲ֪ɶóͷⴶʵڡ
⻰ζʮ㣬Ȼ֮Աǣ˼ǵԣҲⴶܱȵģ
˵ţһ˦˿Ƽǰȥ
֮ǰһ
Ҫզ˵Ƽ֣Ҳ˼ƴѧѧ˼ģǺ𣡡

ӳıһڣ
ϵţֻƾһ죡
ҲԾȤ˵˵ǲ鷳ƼǴӶŵˣúĵɶʱȥҲ֪ƴʹʲôɸŶӣҲҪɵȡ
ʵ治ǼˣʵƼǵõ˶ʼеĲʳӣûһҲۺġ
ӲŸոտʼϿͣƼȴ˳ӡ

Ƽʳǰ
һ۸ͼ棬ƽ׵ߴϣڵˡ
͸ǣԼﴫ춯һ㹴Ŷӵλһļ
ڶȵĽԴ̽飬λԴߴٵ
˵ƼҴô͹ôϺЩﻹųʳأ
١۾һ㼱żզȥչ˱⣿
ԣָкﶼ˰ɣأȴԽԽ񣬾ȻʼϿˡ
һЦһϺ
Ļͷŵߺȣ
ƼҴɣչ⣿أϺ֧Ӧ˶ଡ
䣬ͼгһʮ꣬һСǾﻹŰľС
վڵҲǰЦӯӯؿŸˡ
˲£ֻҪӺλַС꣬ͶСӡ
٣һ졣һۣʵǡ
תͷζأϺǸ̯ƴλ˲ͯӡҪңҲҪʵӶˡ
ͷŹȴڵ֮ɫǶֵˡ
ˣ
ƴأٿ䣬Сӿɾ͵ˡ
ֱôЦѡ
ǸʮӣֱǸС˾
ƹ˵֪ҲܺЦȪˡ
һЦУƴۻ˵С

ص̨ŵŹǰ֧ӦһоȻƴ˵̤ʵ
ǣһȣһ߶೤ľС
ľΪһ뻡Σָ߶೤һƽһŻȣ״ʮֹŹֿ֮֡£ǰرⵣ
ֻǣⵣһͷһƴıƽľ壬ʵڿʲô
ʵⶫ˲֪ʲôǷŵִųɾŵ˻ϳһѼͷ

˵Ȼ֪ҲΨƴ˹ҵļһŻ
ƴɱǧ֮Ǹʱһλͨоȣ뱱εƴͬ
ҵ֮󣬻ϼҽּһͳ״һ죬Ƽҵ˽ӪСը죬Ҳ˳űùͷӶûʣ
үҲãһʱڵĸѧ˲ŲףôеϧǣϡͿؿԽǧ꣬лʢҲʱҶ
ðɣѾǴԽŴͷȲˣҪǻصĩĩǲŽıأ
ǰߵáҡһء
һȴǡϢЩҵ

һۣȾͷ֣εȻǲҵĿԡ
˲˵ҲҲİܼҵˡԼڼҰܺɥĿ־һǧ˿ӡ
Ƽԭǵݴ󻧣ƴ֮ƹһǼҲᣬķᡣʢ֮ʱլʹӶ˾ʮʮһʱ޶
ͺܶ׵ĹһƼҸ󣬵ٲһܼѶȡ
λƹ˾Ͳʲô񣬳ԺζͨûͱɫͿӲ˵Ƽټļҵܸ⡣޼ҵս˥䣬Ȱ޹ա
ƴһºڷߵҹڷͷСĶƤϵһغˡ
ƴʱֻܿҵΪ̣ʹӶ˵ӶһϡһʮʹŮۼǷӶҪˣ鼱֮£˸ڣƼҼգﻹ˵ƼǸδСү
󣬰޿ɰᣬĴ̧ˡ
¶и⡣
æŰլһڼ֮УΨһϷδһҡ
˵ƹľӦˡ
һӣʮ͵˳ɼҵ͡ǣȢýƸҪСһǮ
һö죬һƸЩǮӭȢ֮áĳ룬ƼҸ꣬һӶûõƴ˾ˡ
ҲûͱӶһЩƼҲΪȢһסȻͯһʵ²ȥ֡
Һʵһҧû侮ʯ˸ȵΡ
ҸڽЩΪ̻˵ĻǿΪ̣ҲЩ˽ϴ֮á
εȣʳûУ澽Ƿȥ˿տҲլʣ޶ɵûܡ
ȹ˲˼ǧĸĸˣ˲ԹҪ⣬ӡ
һʱԴγ˽⣬ȷ֣Ϊ߿Ƽ˲ţǧǰĴΣǰѧûʲôá
˭ܸһ߷ӻѧ˶ʿڴôת
ѧ𣿿ԡǣԷ⣬˸ƨΡ
֮£ֻô𣬰Ŀת˲ҵ
εĲҵʮַвϵεʱһЩƷʮʺ˵Ŀζ
ʱĴֲͻֻƣ˻Ĵ¥ؼҴţȾҲɡ
ǣһҧϵΨһµլҲˣȻнһ棬ˡƼʳ̡
Ƽʳģ
ǺǡôԽڣλǧ꣬ȴ˰ӣҲû˭ˡ

ڼǰȱûĲ
γȻǷһִ˵̫ңγЩӡĵطһʮĺҲȥ˰ܲʮͲǸ˵ĺ󳾣̻ɣ
ʵģȾѺΨһİáĵ
Ȼֻᵯôʱ䣬˽⻹ǺġûҪɣȱľʱ䣬һġ
ʱȾͱżǺһסôʹ򡷡Ҳ֪֪ǧ֮úúõģȴӵ˱ΣǶôʹ򰡣


2 
רĵĿͷ¶ЦݡͷѾòˣֻҪƷ򼸸ť깤ˡ䣬ȾԼӦеѾֻûͼרҵľˡ
ȼȻͲˣǻʾܳһСүЩ˸裬ѴεԵñҲţ

˳ԼһСԵãȫûע⵽һɽӣͷڽͷ߽Ȼرⵣͷе
ɣĪҪҵЩϷˣ
̧ͷһͷһۡ
ԲȻֱ׳ģȫҲҲڶˡ
ͷ۾һ˵ǲʳϷǰЩ컹˼ţȫʣ
ЩЦõطлƣԹţⲻ٣ɶţְķʣе˵ȥ˰ɣ
ٷϻͷһӡ˸ǡ

ţʱǼΪҪߣɽֹţʹţţҲҪٸſɱԣţڴʳ֮ϡ
ǣ϶ţҰе˵ȥ˰ɣ

ͷǸҽݵСԴƼпӭͣһǽ֮ⲻʱһȥеȻö죬ʱ䷹
֪ϥ޶Ů¿Ҳֵ
ЩԹĻ¶ӵЦ֮
Ҫ֪ͷΨһǲӪˡ
ȾһЩʶ̳￴ĶԴεļΪͷŪͷҪſϰݡ
죬˻͡ӿ͸ⳳòɿ

̽ͷһ۵⣬Ѿһգ̯
ҲʱܹԼĶˣƳ̨еϸˣ˵ţͽĳ
ͷĿȽ˳ԣûǮΪУͷҵ׻ǺܷġҪƴɵһֺóգ˳һξͷŲ¡
˵СӱֻʮģԸҽʧһȤ֮ˡ
յĲˣͷڵУҡͷЦ˵λĵʱ
˼ľڶְһ׼һʳ
˸æŶȵſ֮ʱʲ߽
һæǰǸλԭСպյˡ
һ㶣յˣô磿
λһһ٣ʿ磬һѧʵĴ֮ҳġ
ϵǸ뷢ҰסĿ棬һһ˶͸һ֮ٵģȥʮ˾ӣڲŨ
˰˶ˣֻҪȹīˮߵﶼ𾴣ƽΪư֮˶λɣƼîʱһյˣƷƼʳ硢
ţһʧ䣬յضǳߵֺˣҪžͺˡҪȥѰЩʳ
üһƼǱǼʳ̣ûʲôθڣˣΪԣЩߣֱӳǡ
˵ţתߡ
겻üͷøһ£ʩһ
λӣԭҸ鲡θںܲΨԹЩ¡ܷи㣬ڼҸķϣһ
⡭һΪѣҪ˵һƬТģ벢֣˼ҴԶˣȴûԵʧ䡣
ǣؾǹأ˶󷽱㡱ƼʮʱӭҲæ
Ҳ֮ʱȶżС˴ϲǻһ𣿸λ͹ټϼǡ
ȷȻЦʵλСã
߼ҿϱͨȻ˻һлͨˣڹòͰɡ
ȷ²ȣʿ࿴߼ۡ
ȻɫԻҰףȴҰ׵뷢һ˿Գ¾ɵҲǽϴʮָɾƽһ˫Ĺâ
˴֮ȽӴĶоС̻䣬ڶˣҲֻڽϼȵģǵһμ

ʱޣֻһСţ⡢һسʱߡһ走ʳΪ壬һƹϣټֳɵܲݲˡ
򵥵Ĳһɫζžʳǡ
ͷ⣬ȸհѲ˰ӿˡ
һţطŵһ߱ĿϸƷһߺҿֻȴǿϧˣ꣬һ׼ǵݵһľƼҡ
ȲЦˣ㻹ҵһӵĳӲɣ

ͷȡ˵Цȴʿע⡣
ֻߵ벻һˡ״Ҳ־ǶζˣǵϼΣ
΢΢һͣľȻͷ
ԣмλˣƼֻ塢ݲˣֻǴԼҲϵĳʳġ
һʧ
һ֣λһǼʶ㲩֮ˣ⳴֮ɲһ˼ġ
ھȴǳģֻû뵽ڵݳҲܼǵĳˡ꿴һʳֹ
ʵõͨΪǸҲһˡǣ˽ʿɶֹո鷳˼Ҷһ壬б룬δЩôߡ
һЦ͵޷Ǿǹȹ𼱳ûʲôرֻ֮Ĵ¥Ū飬Ҫ¢ˡ
˵꣬߶䣬ͽ˳ʱ˳̺һĳʳ͵λʿϡ
ҼҴ˵Ķ࣬ȳһЩλʣȴûʲôλѡ񣬶λĪ֡
˲ϲüңл
ʱҲѾ˸ʳ
ҿʵôСӣ
һȥǶˣҲˡ
Ƽ⼫ã⹩Ӧͣ硢Ҳ壬ⲻϲ
һҪ塢ʮ壬ۡĲСÿϣΰҪȥǶĲв
ùǳǵģϸء
мֲ֣һ߰ĳԷһġ
СӶʮ˰ɣôãƴɸϽǷµӶʻϣøΰסȥǮûСԸˡ
һֹ͵͵ؿһۡ
ʵ˵ƴɲĴ֮ҵɣʹǮǴִţʳãҲסӻ
Ӧͷ֪Ȥְѻͷ˱𴦡
˱߳ԱģţͻȻûͷûðһ䣬˵ͥگͣ򱻵Ȼήͷиְһĥ
Ƕϻˡб߳Աߵȥˡ˵רԷ๫Ǽλ֮ġ¹ټҰѷûٻȥűŹټҶµ֮ڡ
ϣֻҪôһʥͣ˵๫궼۵ˣ
ûע⵽һĸӶ֮󣬶ɵһͣ߸͵ߵһСͣڰա
Ϻɲʲô²ֻҪ๫ڵݲˣǾǵݵĸ๫˵ݻ꣬ȴȫһ£˷ũ˰յ˵ڻԺĽ̡
һЦͥʧһλ֮ȴǵݰգ㲻Ƿ̡
ʮ꣬һҪλдţĵʲôĸֻǰԼ
һĺֱʮҲһ֪ݣϺɲʲôֻ֪ܲܳзڵһ죬۵ݾкӹ
Ҳ̾๫ǰ껹ݱ˭뵽˵ͱ䣬ת֮䣬๫๫ŷ๫ʧƣûȵҲô֮ˡ
²ۣȻơ
ƨͨƲճǺ¡
֪Ҫ˵Ūǣá
û˵ֻ꣬žһȴ߱ͽ䣬ȫһӦ䣬ϣһ졣
һתͷ˼ҵĿӵˣҲ֪ԼǵĻµΪһ˫ӡ
룬žһϣŵһ顣
λС磬δ̫˰ɣΪơ
һ㶣ԭ糡Ϊ֮һ͡
㶵ؿӣֵһ


3 עʧܵ
һԲӣһ˾һ͡
λ๫۳֮׶ˣһͼǿʮ¡ΪΪǣѵĸ֮٣ӦñƳ𣿶С粻м๫Ϊȭȭ֮ģΪŰ乷ƨͨճѵĶù𣿴˵оʵұݣ
Ң򣬲
˰һȣֹŭԡ
߷ȱȭɵҿС£ʧ֮磬λʳˣʵá
ȿŽĳ棬һǿЦݣɲ⣬ҵȴˣģͬ漸Ҳ
ҲԲֻǷϵģλǶˣĪЩʹ֮һʶ˵ţҡԡԡ
ҡͷһ̾ˣҸӾͲپˣʹ˸ǣ˵꣬ʹתߡ
ҲȫƢֻǰڶ˵ĺһʶˡ
Ȼ޺޵صһۣһͭǮתߡ
ȼæ꣬סˡ
û뵽εĶƢôһԲˤӾ߰
ҪôˣСΪŰĶǾҪʵˡ
вЦ˻ǿɰԴ´ǣ˿汾ġ
κɲǷûĺҪǰǾٵĻȥݰջ˺淶Сӣ
Сһԡ
ֹסΣǿλǸȴȲѻ˵Ϸߵơ
ҲͲǿ
СȻͨѧ壬ҲǺûֵĻˣ֪λ๫ȭȭ֮أ
㻹˿ԣߣȻȵ˵ǡ
ӱСһʶƽʱ軰˵ˣ䱾ȻԷҲҳᱡȷʵ
ͷԹȣʵϢˡ
ǾԼ˵˵ҲˣҪ֪ڴεرڵݣǿɲġ֪δɱΣ紾ӵĽɰʱ˵๫һ䲻ǣ˸Һƴ
ȿЦһֵ̯˼ҿ˰ɣСߵ˶Сӡ컹ǵðѻ˵ˡ
ԺȰҲٱ̾һ۵ͣʮꡣ
Сʮġ
ߵͷĲιΪҡ
꣬ټҽּ飬Գ͢ߣ͡
ǹ㿪·֮٣Ҳǹ֮ߡ
ǣԻġܣ֮ϷģΪε˵ҿз˺ˮޣ֮أ
£
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ʵʥּðͷͣôԼ֪ĹŴе̫һ
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Ȼе㾴η֮ģЩֻԼ˹˵˵⴫ڿҲûô°
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ȳȻ֮ʱѾ粽УǵȰ˵ˣǴγ޼λ๫׶֮ˡ
һ֣ӲϧΪո׹ޣұ֮Ҳ
Ȳ֮ͬԣΪһעʧܵĸ£˼λܳǲĲң޴
עʧܣ⣿
ȵλ๫͹ټҶѸ¿̫ˣ͹˸ײķֶ֮֮βҷֱǳ˵Ρ
ߣһо̻Ҳ۹£๫ǳ˵ˣѵƿС๫ǻ𣿡
ѾӴǴǵۣˡ
һ֮ԣȵĻò˵ǧ꣬ʹγǵ¶û˭ͨ͸Ȼͷˣ򣡣
磡
ôһ︯岻ɣ
Ƶһߣ˳ϵļųһУָŶβһǰա
ָǴĵ׼ǽţʿ򡣡
ָǰľƱȨ
ټҲãλ๫ҲãЩԸĸνСˣǲ֪С֪١Ҷ֪ȥУ⣬Ǿ뵽Ҫĸǣ»Ǵӿʼһ̾עʧܣ
ΪΣ
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ĸ˵˾ͳΪ˹̻Ȩеһϵдʩ˵ȰѴȨĲᡣ
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аէ࣬ƴֿʼˣʼһƿС۵ģԼ˵˵Ҳ޷ˣһҪǴȥҪԹ˾ġ
룬߿ˣȻûȵ֮Ե¶
кβΪֻ֣֮Ҳܳξðĸײ㶼ܸõ̫ƽʢ
ָʿ򡢽š׼ľƱȻסټҺ๫ǰĿ̫ˣ𺦶׼棬ȥһ𣿡
ټΪ˻ȨԸԼ档ǣʿ򡢽ţе׼أǻĸԸذԼָƽ񣿡
߳Ĭˡ
ǿôܣҹ£Ϊ񲻰ȡ㲻
һЦбۿȻôҪΪʲôڳ֮ϵȴأ

Ҳƻˡ
ĸηΣȨĽ𣬶ƵȺ塣Ȳ٣ҲֻȨ֮еһҪˡĸĳɰɴγɸĸĸȴ棬˼Ҿãĸеͨ
߼ѵҡҡͷż뷢㶡
ȵЩЩ̵̣ܲһΪĴԨǣܲôˡ
ҲΪһȰ壬Ϊʱ̾ϢķЩʱȥ˵ġ
ΪΣСӿ˱ì塣ȨʿΪĳģΪƽײ棬ι֮
߱ȵĻһ麹⡭ЩȻһʮ˵
û߷Ӧȼ˵棬㲻ǻȨҲãȨҲգһ̬γɣ֧ģԲǿ֮´壬ǳ潻øײ߬еƽ׵ķֵ˭Ըأ
ѵӦã
ħϣԹԵš
һյĳȥ
Ӧãնص
κα׶˶ӦñǣֶΣڼ̵ʱھô޳񼲣Ȼǲܵġټĸ£ԵĴڣЩֳԼ˵ģҲڡ
ΰģһӹɡٹǧ꣬ĹȻҫܶˡǣָ˶һΰһ˽Щˡ
ңΰһθĸĳɰܣϵҹĲغ͸еĵУΪεĶһˡ
ֻҪ˻ڣγ¥͸ǲᡣǣֻ˵ˣǴγΪٵİҲ͵ˣΪһϣı˴εģֵ𣿡
˼ҸңⳡʵУȻ˵ġӲϧ󷶹ŷ๫๫һ֮ٲ֮أԺ˭ڳ˵Ļ˭ҡϧ
˵꣬Ͳ˵ĬĬĶ
ȵԴҲЩֱףǲ̣ô˵ˡ
ΪһʱϵӽƷʱ˵ϣЩ̫ĻܹЩĶˡΪģҲֻЩˡ
۹⿴Σʮθĸ
һΣӵڻʵۣ̬ûʧ֮ǰʱͣס˴֮ӡ
ڶΣһûӵġڡڡηҡڲʯֵҲߵ˵ٲ֮ءŪһ㣬Ҫǣѳϵ֮չ˲ݵĵ֮ϡ
֮γ׶˸ĸ룬Ҳ˱ĩںε֮ϼ
εı׵ˡ

йγ̳֮У۲ݣʱҲΪ֮þͲûPKˣ
ĸôģ


4 ۹⹻߰
һٷʢ緹Զǧ֮ĳ֮˶ʳ֪ζ
λʱ˸˸ˣǱȿ˹ҵһۺö˻ôӷųƼʳ̶֪
أƺҲܡ
ˣҲ˵ıơһνӴεĶˣҲ˼ʶ˴ʿķǡ
ȭȭһΪ˲أǧĻǺټġ
Ҳ˷ǣͲ޾ĺ
ڰͬʱҲɵΪۣ֮Ϊ֮ϧ
θ£ûܸıʲôԼƵء
֪͵ıڻֻǸոտʼڵݿ꣬ȴͥȼ֮𡣵ǣȴǸΪȺ
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̶ʱ䣬Ųķշתأ߱˴γƶӣݡ
һֱʱ̣˵Ҳˣ߲ˣȥΡ

ǷΪԴʲƵۣҲʵıȵģΪ͸еֵ
Ȳһ֮ˣΪλ֮ǶǵǧһΡ
Ϊֵã

ɣôˣ
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ΰԣɫһ죬΢΢ͷ
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ľͺˣȢףûٰʮĲʣ붼Ҫ룬˭ҲԸѹŮͳȥܿࡣ
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һ㶣ȷʵȢף
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ͱˣȢϱɣȵȢϱʱ򣬿۸Ȣɻ
٣ȶһ֡Ѳ㻹Ȣżģ
Ҫɷµص̫ˣ绹ࡣҪǴ͵ȲˣǮ۾ͰȢ
ٺٺЦ˵޾˵ɲ˼ܵǵġ
ȴûע⵽ԼҶ֣彩һ
Ц껹һɫǾ͸һǮˣµ㣬˭㣿
ʵϺûȻҪô˵أǿ˲ٵġ
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ȥĿ˵öȣİٶͭǮٰɣ
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Ҫ֪䣬ʮƽȣǮ൱ֵǮġһʯ120ңײģ֮ͨңÿöȲᳬǮ
һµˮƽũȫҲһҲٹᣬлһͷţĶغͷᡣ
ôһʳ̣ʱȻнٹĽֱ࣬Ͳ롣
ڵֻһңۼ۽ϸߡϸ֮£ÿۼģǮĴÿʮһƽʮټݲˡ룬һӯĹǮ߰ٶ룬ȥöȺһЩʱ֮裬óٹȢϱûġ
ȰĿϸϸ֪ô۵Сʳ̣Ȼôࡣ
ǰȻǮִţʳȻҲסӻôȰȰء
ЦŵϷ˰ɣϽ룬ļҹŮۡ
ô˵ܸΰ˵һˣҲòôࡣ
ȲΪ⣬ȢȢźõģ»Ǯ
Ŵûʲôĸ֮ý֮ԣֱһŴûԷʲôıȱȽǡ
ԣһ׵ĺûֱ۵ķӦ˲Ĺ档ǮȢƯͻݵģûǮҲֻѰһĽ͡ʹγŮ˻ǰΪ˵ĸƷڻ֮ϣʵĺܡ
˳ӼҵĶŮΣȻˣҲŤѾʼĴСﶼһ飬ѡ
ĸ˳ӣ
ʱӦʲ˵ǸũϺҶŮҼ䲻ڣӲʣһ֮ҲһѺð֡
ŶȻǹŮЩӡ󣬵Ҳʧһ䡣

ȿ磬ΪΰӲʣ䣿ӲʶҪõϣ̫ðɣ
㿴ǶҵŮΣµѡ
һۣãһġ
ҲֻǣδؿӶģ˳Ӽŵԡ

Ͽɷһԣʵȥˣϡ
Ǵ£ǿɷҲ
۾һѵõǿƣǣ
ȴҲʴ磬ǷģοҲ
˵ţתΰ磬ǵС
ΰʮҲȣǺһͷ
ȼ䲻ԣһӵ¶㵹˵䰡
ҡһסΰ˰졣
ʲôƨˡǰûǮ˵ףڴɳǮȢϱҲȢҴȡ
Т޺ΪڳϮϣΰ˵һ֣Ҵȡ
ˣȫĸ״
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ɲˣȽеˣ£ùһӡҪǵùҹĿԼ
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˵ϣΰ֪Լ˵ʱˣһҧ
У
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
ĸ
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ۡ
ˣ˵簡ⲻǸ˵ʱɣҪǲǣ۹Ҳȷʵߣ
ǡ
ǣôѶϵе󰡣ֵܲİ


5 
żҹŮ껪òڵݳСĴС֪ټҶأ׵Ķżſƽˣΰ롣
ôӵۡżҲʵģ
ҲЦǺǡ绹桭
żӣǼġ
ں硢еŮҲò˵żӶһλ˶
¡̵żҼʷԣͷŮƾԼҹŮò˵޵˼ҵ̣ҲѰʳǣʵżҡ
żС۹⼫ߣһɸϡҪȻҲô׵ģȴûһ˵ɵġ
ǰ㼱𣬵Ҳ֪ǼҵȢżӵġȰǸʲģȢ̤ʵӵľͺá
ΰ۾֪Ҳ룬ϲ򲻿ͬһġ
֪ͺã֪ͺáҲȦ졣
ȵȣȵһ˫۾ΰ
й°
㻰˼⻹һԸӲ̫డ
ʲô˼ҲˡŷӦΰ˵ǡû˵ﲻͬ⣬ǹһء
Ȱ°֮£ΰһΰԡ˹ȻеŮޣ顣
ԭԴƼǿΰһֱ͸ڲ븣¡ʱһȥͽʶ˳ڰ︸ӦСӡ
ֻǵͷ֮ΰĽСӵòҲԽ
ʱͶԾŹ²벻ڵݿ˵˾֪е֪ˣһмѡ
СӶҺďѵͬʱҲҵλκĶ档Ů֣ϵĽӴҲʲôĽ
˾ôྴҲʲô𻨡
ǣԵⶫʱô
ˮĶ࣬Ҳ֪ĿƲƮһꡣ
һͷλգһգתƹۿҪ衣
¡Ͻս󳵵ĸɫӻڵţûüˣҪˡ
һʱ֮ҲͲˣżҸŮתҪǴһݣҪˡ
ɲɣΰ¡ۼżΪѣ˵ȥͰæڴ֮ǰϰѻ
󳵵ĻҪϵüΰ۵ţ¡żӼһ۶ˮ͸ˣΪżοӣиӾˬֱĺӲøУ̲סһ꺮ů˵˼ĵĻ죬⳥Ϊһ¡
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Ҫ֪ʱĳĴŮǲ˶ģοǴֹеĴ
ΰǸӣҲ֪żСӵˡ
ǡ
żСﻹ㶫ˣⲻǶˣŴͣһĲš
԰Ҵ粻ģͰȫֵСӸˡ
ûУûУ
żӵʱ˵ˣֻõӡ
Ƿչʲôزˣȵİ֮ȼš
ҲҲûʲôزǡżһ˵Щҳ̵лǰЩĶڣ˸ɰҡ
ŶһС˵Ƕⶼ˽𣿡
ûУûУΰɫͨʧϣȥǡûС֣˵ġ
һ̾ȵЦ֮ġ
Ϳϰ򲻻ͬŮ޵Ǽҵģ̵ֻøͼա
ô˵һ֡ҴզˣҪģģϸɣȢСﲻί
ǡ˵
զ֪УϰҲʲô֮ˣҿܳɣ
ԥϾŲԡ
ôˣİԽЪҵһ죬ȥðЩƸȥżס
⡭𣿡
ʲôУвҲԹ֪ˬ
ȥҲ̫ˣҪҸӣѡӰɣ
⻹дʱ䣬ҸýŻֵ
Сǵλȴߣ仰Ͷ³̡
ԥˬһЩ鶨֮ϾͳȥѰˡ
лõţذ¶˵ɡ
̾˿׮׻ǲ̫ϣȷ˻ԼҲͦģҲֻñԿˡ
Źһ룬ҳЪҵӣ͵ȥѰԻûֳɵĻ㡣

лˣɣֻʣȺΰ
Ȱһۣǲֵܣֵܾͱ˵Щûõġ
ҡ
ʲô㣬һء
ɶ
СӲʮɣ
һʮ
ʮ㶼ʮˣҲµȥ֣
һ仰ʵΰ࣬Цܿˡ


6 
˵ýɲӡ
ȱΪҪðһƵĲʦڵýŵŮ˵ͲС
µͷ֪ˡ
ͷһ˵ףֻҪһֻȥŮͺˣҪ̫ð졣
Ůͬ£滹ɼ衣֮зðƸʽ顣
ûһһֻˡ
ȥŵٳδ飬ֱǰŻصС
˵ýţһеżСûһԸæġ
˴죬ݳǾȻûһԸ׮¡

ֲĻлôû˽أȾ˹ˣôŵⶼûԸ
ɫһ֪࣬ӶһҪ˵ϵżСûỨл񣬾Ͱؾˡ
֪ЩýӶְҵġлǮȻҪҪְҵ˵ýĳɹʸߣȻ˾Ͷ࣬ĳҲ֮ˮǴߡ
һӶ֮ȢȫСӣֱǳ˵Σֿ϶ɲˣ̫͵⣬ȻûԸˡ
ʲôӡûڲٵģЩżҳҶ̣ͷýŶ
ûһԸģе㲻š
ŵǿϽӡݲ
Ǳ̫ϣҡ
ʲô
Ҫȸ졣
Ҫĵ
̰ɲ̫ãһʱҲûӦ¡

ҼǵҲ֮𣿡糿Ǹ
ƽʱַ˵ЦŭϵȥϸϣӦòܾİɣ
ûʡרҵţһ㶼Ĭȥ߸˳ˮ顣ۼ¶˵ϣӦ
µҲֻæˡһ̾űΰ˵簡ˣѶϵеߡ
֮£ֻٴγȥѰȥˡ
ֱȫŻ˼üͷչɰһǳˡ
ȷʵϰæרְýţҲʲôҪҵĻлȫˡ
ʵҲûʲôϣô˼ȥż׶ûɣƾɶã̯ϸң˵ףҲֻǸ޵޲Ӷ

һҹ޻
ڶһ磬룬⻻һ£Ƽʳ̡
Уһͷ͵ջ˵ϺãӦĻͷⶼΰĻˣ
ЦŸȢףһ¶ˡ
ԵΰҲˣȻҲ
ȶż̾²ȴӳһ߰ѲȰһߵֻȥ˵ϣżʲôҪǾǣǾۡ
~һۣúõһ£˵ĺǹƵģ
˵ǰͷҪû˵ɣɱ׾ǵĺ£ӡĻû˵۸ڶȫŮܿϴΰ
ͳһŴֵĻƤֽϲҴ磬Ͱⶫ¶Ӧþܳˡ
ֲʶһҷҲʲôر
ɶ
Ӳöʣϲ˾ǡҹ˼дһŶ
ɵذֽ˵ôһֽ͹ã
ǰֹۣȻֻȥ˵ϣɲɵİҲǶ˺ӵһˡ
Ҳ̾Ҳ˱ۣ۴ΰƷԶǼ˵׼żҾ۴ΰء
ȻƽϲˣȴʱҲе˵ο
ż˵ɣϸɩҲķڶΰ¾ͰˡͻˣûżСΰȢϺˣ
˸ҾǾͷˣ
˲ǣһ˦оƤӵ飬ʲôͷͷġ

Ȳҡͷúõϲ£ôŪô׳أСүͲˣƾүı£ܰȢһźˣҪż˵ɣô֮꣬үȫݵСŶô
ԷԷҲˣŴ͡
дɳ˵ãǲ١Ϳһĳʳ˼οˮˡ
εˮƽΪԼҵĲʳ͸ǹѵŪһƮң͹ĳʳû
ӾͶԵ㣡ȸϰ׷ʱΪˡ
һԵޱȣĨĨˣϢɡ
˵꣬׼õĻš
ȵ͵ſڣۼһ㣬һҡžϳ֡
ʱƼǰѾʼʳ;ۼȻ֪ɲɾףΪƴɵĺء
ӣǰȥ˵Ϻ£
˵Ƽʳ׬ǮĲʳӣû뵽ôǮſ˰࣬ű
ĪҪ˵ЦһСӿɲʮģھҸܼţ
һЦʮզˣʮҲСȢ֪֪ȵڼͷ̤ʵ
ЦǰҸ̻ˡǰҴȥ˵ףĪҪȡЦң
ŶһɣԭǸΰȥ˵ס
֪ļСӣ
żһ䣬ۻ˵һڴľĽַھӡ
Ǻ˰죬ŲҡͷЦǲ֪ߵغ񡭡
˵ΰǵƴɵϰ嶼һ⡣
ǼһӶҪǮûǮҪûأƾɶ
ƾΰ˳ۣ


7 ֮
ȥżǷܳɣϷ϶ĲɡȼҲչɴյֻˡ
ڵ۵Сۣ
ʱˣҲתһ֮ȴƼǡ
˼ҡôһˣӭ˳ȥλߡ
һЦôң
ӺףܣȻܡֻһԣ˼ңСΪ˼ٲСء
죬²ˣΪҲң֮ҲǿԣͷӿûҪͨ͸ଣ
˼ҹˡȲ˼ЦЦæƳ̨ڵ˲ǰӣعȸӵľ塣
˼С³ռСˣǸˡ
סȣ鷳ϷԷġ
ǡ
찡ζЦȻհѸĸ֮˵ĲΪ֮Ϸʴɣε⵽׳Ķ
˵ԭǲܵġ
ʵȻˡ
һ֮ԣ˼һ춼ûζȵ֮һֱڶߺ


ǵӦξȴˮأ
һ죬˼ҷȥ߶⼸䣬ȫһ춼磬Ϊͷħء
ֱҹͷһĴȻѣ
Ƿȴ˵Щ˸ˡ侪̲ˣˣƴֻʮꡣʮܶϤ£ǽ˵ã
ԣ˼ҴһЩ£ֱƼǣҪٻһƴɡ
ε⵽׳Ķ
˼ҴʸǿУ֮⣬֮

˼һգգضԼȲŻشߣǽһ±⣬Щݲˡ裬óþƸ
ս˼ҵʳˣС˼Һȼ
߲ȴңٺȲ١
ε˼ϵҹС塣ٵ⣬ϱСöֺ࣬αأ
ߵ˵˵
ðɡ
һؼ沢ȲӮһͳһͳĻȨٵ⡣
֮ؾʹ֡һ˵ֻҪ̫쵰³֮ӭһ̫ƽʢǣũǣũ˻ĵֿ̫ͣ꾰ǷգͻᵼũƲΨһܹάϵģѺءʱƣƲũԽԽ࣬ؾͻ𽥴Ӷũо£ĸ£γ˵׼ʧȥصũֻڵ׼Ƚܵ׼İࡣ
ζؼ沢ΪɵģԴεؼ沢ҲصġشȨ׼Уʹũ˰ή
߿һȣЦǣ͢˰Ϊβ٣أ
ȴΪ˰뽥ᣬũ˰ȱڡңʧȥصũһ׼һתƵҵ֮Уһ˽׼ìܡ
β̣ʹùҵǰ󻺽ؼ沢
߰ͷһأ
ʷ⣬ٵɵġ
Ŷһɡ㵹˵˵ʲô⣿Щ
ҡͷһЦǲÿƾٺͷٲѡ١ΪĩµԵʣ̫֮Ψ߻ǰ·Ĺƺ佫ֻȨʧأʿƺȨԱְȨٺֶ޴ڵƺ֮ʹѳְȨͥµ٣Ϸ˶࣬ҲɱȻϦĸǳ̬
δһֱ䣬ٳְȨٺ룬˵ҵ˼㡣
Աűְܵȴǻ¶ʡнˮ
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һǹĵλɵġӦһ£ּ٩٩̸
شƽԭ֮أһƽտءһ߾һƬ̹;ǧܱٶ¡ԣ͢òرʦʮĽƽ׵ĺķһ֮ϡ
ʵʯ詰֮ʯϵʱɹαǧտأֻȥһ˱µĺķѡ
ΪˣǧĻģľγ۷ʱ˵ģҲҵġ
˵ǣӵһԺº͡ʴȵͳߡԼһӶϺˣɵỷʹʱĻöﵽһǰĸ߶ȡ
ҵǣֻ˳ߣȴΧһȺǡ
γĹʻӵ˼㣬ûκһһ˸ӵı߾⣬ҲûκһԼĹ¶Ⱥ֮С
ζòڵأ߻ԶʵǻļǧƵ׶
ΣֻҪԽ׹ӵĹߣͿƹеĳǳغͷֱ߳룬һƽƽԭشֱ￪¡
ô죿ֻرȥ
ڳγһٶʮ򣬶ӵ˾ʦɱ߾档ӴľٸеĹҲñϿ塣
ųعš𢡣
馶ߡգǱˣɽأﳤǣɽɽҪԳɵȱƵ壬ͻ̫ǵٸʮҲ˹ء
ǿأҪգҪ޹ء
˿ܾã˵Ŀˣǲлƺ
Ǻǡˡ
ʱڣ±ڵͺܶ࣬ƺǽġ
꣬ɾԨΪʲôնɹ󽫽ڽʤ£ɾǩúڸǧŵĳ֮ˣ
Ϊ·궬죬ƺӲͶˣϲˣεһʿ׼Ҳȥˡ
һҪ붬֮ǰûܽɻƺһɹͿƹԨֱ￪¡ķˣοҪǰһʷˡ
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Ĺʻ£βòڱ߾ر
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Ϊʲôأ
Ϊȫѽ


8 
߹١߱ųͥĲ˰Ȼһɲʢ֮󣬵͢ΪۣѾЩ׽⣬벻ˡ
һ˵꣬һ˲˲ضߡ˵ңǰǸʱϢըץһ̳ģܰѴǵ˵ͷͷǵ
֮ȳţǾͲСĴóˡ
㹻ˡ
ûͷûԵһ䣬Ūһͷˮ
ʲô㹻ˣ
ʶ㹻ˣȣǵʲôء
ƼҴɡ
һ࣬ʮɫص㣬Ը̴ģΪʦѧϰʥ֮
¡
Ȳûšͷ̫ɰ˰ɣձԼ٩٩ĵͷת򣬽Ҫӣ
ڵһʱûӦҲĿתضȣķӦ
˻治ǿЦȵһ֮ԣ˼һ춼ûζȵ֮һֱڶߺ
ֱϣͷŷӦǷۣܿɹˡһʮ꣬δʶϣȴϤҴ£ҪǼԵǻ˵á
ȴʱҲеɣһʱ䣬Դеת
ʱ
أһȣɫͨĳ
Уɷ˵ָıӾͿ
ĵ˰˱ӵù˲Ž׮£
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զˣһ˦˵ҴΰļҹﲻãҪżȥѰ
Դţɫ֪Ĳ˳ôһ˵ƶæ˼ұָ˸ȥ
Ⱥȿˮɤӡ룬Ըˮ
Ѳһƣʲô裿þƣ
ƣƣþƣæ֧Ӧš
һ뵭͵ǰӹֱһڸɵظ΢ƽ
ƽȴʵôˣżûɫ
һۣ޺޵ֻϺҲ֮ŭϳҲ˵ϡ
ţһɺһۡ
ŲǸҪлǸôת죬żСף
ԭżǰûȽȥͼϱһ̵ӣҲһֻ㳯żҶ
һǲǱˣǳǶӣ￩һ£вá
аԷࣺôһˣ
ڵݿ⣬ҪǮΪ˴ﵽĿģǲֶΡİտһЩоͬж֮ǡ
Ӽƺ⡣
Ҳż룿ǸϵˣҲ֮У˵ӵİ֮áȴ֪ļɾ˵ϣ
Ϳ˺۵Цšһֱһᡣ
ûһ۾Ҫߡ
ӸϵһĻкãΪˣ
ŸĿôˣ
ˣܲȥߣǿżҡ
һһţϰǼֲ֡˵ǰĸýһʱҲûй
ᳵ·ذλ˽Ѽ䣬ϰ͹׼ӱݡ
ʵӱݣȫһ浹ĶϷ
ͬʱףȻȻľͻȽϡʹϰ岢Բȡ˵п֮ͽҲס
ôȰƽǮҵĶӣӶҵСӡǮڵݾӪ䵱⼸ʮ꣬Ҳƾڡ˵ӶңƼδ֮ǰ˼ûȡ
ӿڳΰȽϣȻǰǮҶ˵Уޡϰһʱ֮䣬е㶯ˡ
һ汻ѹͷ̧һҲȷʵ̫ϰôҲѹŮ͹ȥԿࡣ
Ȼ顭
û˵ɲ˵һӵĻ

꾭޺޵
ھɵҲ֪ʲô⣬ΪʲôҪûлˡ
׼һڳңΰǮӵίһȥżףʱһһϰȽϣ˵˵һ
ҲҲ֪Ǯǿ̵ģΰӶɱȣ׼ΰ̧ǮӵۣɹļȻʹöࡣ
˵˭ãҪȥӣǮۿûġʹǮ̤ʵ£
ŭδƽ˵ҵͷϣᣬָһ䡣
˵ôôɣһ顣֪ǻȥ룬һ顣
ͷ֪ԼŴˣĬĬᡣΰ¾ͲãԼһʱ֮ʧûϷˡ
Ҳź޵ֱڲЩʱ
ɰŲˣ
ʲô飿
ŶȻȡ֮ǰȸֽ˵䳰ȷ˵ϣﻹ˵ʲô飿
Ƚӹ飬ϰӦǮ£
ӦûӦϺɲӣҪȥ˵أпܾͳˣ
ûӦͺãȳһ
һɵô˼ɻģǳ˵ͷݻǲȥˣ
ȵͷСȥҾͻˣҪɣ


9 
ΪһԽִˣܾӴͳɣ
νŻ֮ĸ֮һ޷ܣ޷Эԣ˵ɣԼȥ˵
ȵУΰ׸죬һҸ˵ʲôҲҪΪȡġ
Ȼߵǰ˼ңǲɣСӼи⵵¶СӼŰȫ£Բܶˡ
߸ոһֱĬĬһˣҲ֪Ĺ˼¡ЦϷĲʱæҪѧ֮Ҳһ졣
߾һСӾȲˡ
һ֣ϷҲˣͬһ߰ɣýģһΡ
һ˵֮ǰ²Ȼ٣ݱǼҪ֪ݳǣõ˼ǻǲࡣ
γΪû֮أƥֻܿڣʢսɺλΪжԣȱѾ˷ָĵزֶĲǮġ
ǣ˼ҵõĻѰһƥĸߴս
սǿɾЩ˲ˣѾǮˡ
Ȱ˼˼һʲôͨĶˣɶݲ˺档
˰Ƴͷ̤̤֮Ƕȥ
ƴɣ֮ʶһѧϷʮ֮ϣѧĻͷ
ʮ갡̫̣̾ʮ̫ˡ
һ벻С˵һ仰漴ҡͷЦСĪҪøԶʥ֮ѧһͣϷ˵ʮѾǸ߿ˣ
ȵ˼ˣСӵ˼˵ʮȥһŹٳ֤̫ͨˣֵá
һֵ࣬ãѵ㿴ΪΪǲֵã
Цˡ
ƻΣ˼һǶСǾ䡮ճԹġ
Թ̸ϣڿֻЩϧ
ΪΣ
ƴɡһ˲˲ضȵǸţΪ֮ҡϧ㹦̫֮أЩΪһ֮˽Сˣûʲô𡣡
ҡͷ˼ңΪôСӿϲΪأΪηҪСȥۏ˻ˮأ
Ȼһ̾ԣ˵ĻԽԽˣϷµһˣûмϤƣֱָ֮ˣǴͻᱻڹߡߵ̶
һһ㶵ؿˣ÷֣صرȭСӶ˼մ
ӵһμ棬߾͸һ֮ƣǱʶã˲һˣԵЩͽˡ
ֱڣʵѹסеĺ棬Ÿʼߵ䡣
˹һЦ
ϷɲеǸ̫ˡ
˭һʱûӦ
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Whatһ쮳һӢġ
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ζЦԣǸЩ棬е޴ķ͡
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ֱӱԴʵʵײĳ
˲ͷʹУ۾һˡ
ͣ

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ݹ۶ʮʷϲľʷǸйʷ֮º͡׳ϧ
ʷ֮У
һǷּʵ˵ȾãܰԵ̶ȣŽ⣬ܾôһˡݶϣҲ̫ôԸˡ
һǷˡ
ңԷ͵ľǴľأǳݣ
һڹĿԴﵽĵزʷ飬ϣȻҲһ˿һ覴ãһʲôҡТʡʷԿ̱Ƶ䣬ҲΪʷؼһ
ȴԽΣ˷ܵĲȢһҲүӵ˵ݣӵ˷µĵݣۼһλǧŵĴˣȾ˴ߵľֵˡ
ǣκʮ꣬΢ᡣҲһõ
ôϷԣڲ䣬ͷϹһӣ٩ɽ˸ͬһ

£
һ㶵ӣδзӦֻɫһȡ
һ飬ŷԼЩʧ̬
ϼЦˡȺֻ·ͻȻСӻû׼ü
ϷֻǸͷʲô׼ģ

һ壬²ۣͷҲôܼǳڲ֪£˵ôһ죬ôһ߶ˡ
ɫЦȵСӣϷһ䣬ԸΪʦģ
Ը⡭ɡ
ðɣΪͽ»ǿԴӦġ
ǷΪʦĶЩʲôˣ
һֻһɫ
ţһĻСγ֮еʯ︴
ţģҺ
˷͵£Ҳ͵ʷԤˡһƪֽôţ
һӦ¡οͷ
Ҵģͱ˵Ĺ֮ģѧϰ͵£Ը⣿
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С𣿡
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ӦԺ֮ʱǻʳܾͬʳ
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̫ӦҲþʳģ
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ԶԣӦãȸš
۶ǲǡ
Է֮˴ֿڣ޲һŰ³
Сôǰأ


10 
ֱȻ쳣˷ܵ״̬
Ϊذһ䣬ȥƼѰʹҴҶسڵӰȻ̲סɵЦ
ͣϣİôϡͿĳĵˣֻƾһ㣬Ҫдʷġ
̧ͷֱ߸¡̵Ҷ𣬳Ǹġǿѹе˷֮飬һ˽ȥ
ʱٽ磬ϰ֧Ӧȴ룬˸գϰѹûӡ
Σֻôֱլȥ
լ˳ʹңͰ˽ȥֻһżҿüͷһ壬ϰ廹бĿˡ˲ǱˣϺһš
ȥǳȴ˼׼һٰǮӺĺ˵ɡ
Ӽĸ⡣
ȼҰܸȲѣʮͿʼּңƼʳ̾ӪɫڵҲСȻϵꡣ
ϣƲŵ̬ҵ˭ԭƼҴɡ
ۿûӣϰǰ˸ûȤɫһࡣ
ȶϰ幪һ񣬡СӼϰ壬ðȻãдš
ϰЦŵֶĪҪ⣡
˵ţ͸
б۾һۣҲȤѰλ¡
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ߣһߡ˵ǺһңƼôǣ
ŭЦϻǲĲ÷ӣܵĵ
㣡ӱһ䶼죬֬۶ǲסһɫ
ʲô㣬Сݷϰģżҵݣϰ廹δ˵ȴһٹ롣

˺ˣϰȥǴɣλǿͣϺһӣĪ
ȼþգϰǸȥ
׵ģɲǺӳܵģѹסͿˡ
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ϰ˲ˣҲһ˵׵ģݸá
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һЦǮӲ˼˵óڡ
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Ҳǿ
ʵԷ̸ֻٴΰƶ֮˵ƴ죬ΰҲ㲻һ֡
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ϰʱҲΪѣǮӵΪ֪ġǣ޹ȥôҲңǮҵʵǮӲǶǮҲܱһʳǡ
˵𲻴ӦǮ˵ȴеġ
ټҹҪȢȥ̣ɵӲŰѹŮˮء
ֻаȴߣǮңϸϸ˼ǡ
ֶء
һֱ۲ϰ飬һڣȾͲ³һæֹסϰĻͷ
ĪҪžܾ˵ţȴӻȡϾ飬͵ϰǰ
˵ףռ˸ãʲĿȿĽһӵҸİϣҲܸĽ˼ɣ
ϰѾҵ룬ؽӹȵݹĶɨһۡ
ֻһۣϰĿһۣȻ̧ͷһۡ
⡭ǣ
̹ȻһЦϸ
ϰ建ذĿֽϣһֲذеĶ꣬һֽδ
û뵽Ȼóô
Ÿɵؿϰ壬ƴɵݹȥĶɫͲһˡֲô£Ҳشչȥ뿴дʲô
ʶ𣿡Ȳ̲һ仰ŸȻ˻
治ʶ֡
ô䣬ϰ忪ˡ
ȻذɣϷؿǣһظ

һʲôողǻҪƴߣôһת۾ͻˣ
ĸϷӡϰ岻ɣֱʹͿˡ


11 ׳
ӻ鱻ʹͳլʱżҿ֮оֻʣϰȡ
ϰ忴ˣȴ˳Ĭ
ϰһ̾Сķŵϡ
ұ㸸鳤꣬Ҳͺãϰ嵹ˡ
ĪҲӣȻһЦŲ
ֶðŲֿһ顣
һŲƲ飬дƼʳһķҸӵġңպƼٿֺţȻһ롣
С˵ˣգҲһˡƼƣûʲôԼҸ磬̸ʲô᲻á
ϰ˵ͷҺˣҲӦõĸˡ
ȻܴӦϰ˼ǲס
û˵ǶϰЦɡ
ϰ屻һʮ޶úǲڡ
ⲻ⡣һ仰ϰɫ˲ɷס
ǣΪСŮҸҲò𣿡
⣡
ãˣҲٲҴţϷֱ˵ˣɡϰһһٵص
ᣬϰֵȷʵ⡣ƾһСʳ̵ɷӣҹŮġ
ɣϰĳصϷ֧֮ӣףЩү˵ĺá
˵޷
壬ƴ֪ܱϷоءҲ˵ˣϵСŮһҸ
ϰϵϷСŮǮĸ֦ҲϣżһҪΪƲ͡ɷȷʵϷ⣬Ҳֻˣ˵ɣƼǶΰһСʳܱҼһʳ𣿡
ϰѾ˵ίˡ˵ˣ˼ǣȢҹŮͱˡ
ȸһЦ
СӶһ䣬ĸ¡뼸Σ
ϰƬ̣ƽʮ᲻⡣
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γĳˮƽһ֮ң˫ְǮѾ㹻ˡʮǲСһǮ
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٣ϰʶһʡ˵ҪҸ¡һ룬ҾͿǿס
ٶ赭д³֡
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⻹ҪǳҲ⡣
ŲȻӡõССһʳ̻ӯֱ࣬Ǯ
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ϰȵ˵ɿ
ĴһǰʮģһĹᣡ
㲻֪һ֮£ϰŵĲᣬٶᡣƼյ磬ǳġҪӳӪҵʱ䣬ܴﵽ˵Ǹ
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Ŀ˸˸ʲô⣬ֻҪ¢ϣŶǮСӵʳ̣塢ˮݲˡӦʱ裬ȫǵݶһݡҲ˵Ҫ˴ǮСӻи׬Ǯ
һ֣ŲģĽƼǵţֻû֮ҪǻģˣɣʵڲУ߳ɣ
ˡˡϰЩ˼ص
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ȻȥϷ롣ֱʱϰȻʮԥ
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СӾȸˡСӻǾ仰Ľ£ĽЩ˵꣬תߡ
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ֻֽдӬͷС֣ɲޡ

ΰȥʵʵȴǸ֮ͽȻҹұŮ
ϣϰĻԼҹŮ϶ǺΰйֻζΰʲôͶϡ
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˵ǲ֪ϰ޺޵صȡСӿ϶֪ȻĻ롣
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Ȼǡϰ˵һ˻ȥ׿˵ԼŮ˹˵ڡ
Ǳȫϰ̱ϡ
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ͷɾǸŮذ
ȳլ²ۣϰӣ˭͵ıƵġҲ룬ŮҪ˵
£ˬŲ죬һεߡ
û˶ãϵĴһ˹
һ£ǽصı߱߳˼
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Ҳƣ檳Ⱥ
һˣ
εĶˣֱ̫Ҹˡ
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һƶƴֻĽ̵ʱһͯʤһȺűȸеλ
ңĺãһнʿǼֱһ졣
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ʿ׼ǽڻȨĴڣ㲻ʵȨ٣ͥҲְڼʲôɾͰùʡʻͣ㹻㻨Ƶعһˡ
ǣƽȣȴϵȱȱ


12 εĹ
ڴĹ٣ʸߡߡλߣӱ̬ǣһнʿǾõơ
γɱʿһܻȻûɱһĹ١·ڱĳֱǲġ
ڴΣЩʿ˶ĴŵԶ֮ؼĹ٣нٺһֲٵá
̬Ķ裬ڴγ˶Լҹ߻ˡ
дģ
ϺͻʵӲգСƣ
һˬ׷ȥָŻʵ۵ıӼģҲûɹ
ˣǣʵʵڿ㲻ˬ򷢳ңΪײʵ۶ʲô£ΪǴĹ٣֮Ϊ
;Ϊײ˾αࡣΪе˶˵ͬһ仰УΪҫɼʱĹٿʲôز
ö֮Ĺٵӷʵû߶ڻʵ۾ƽЩɹĭӣ岩Щ࣬ʱڻ˵
εһʿ׼ôģǺͻʵӲոճġ
һΣ׼̫ڻ㱨̫߶ߣֱܴȥ̫˵Уߣ
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ҪǣûͬС
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ȻʵһЩɡ
һԭҲҪһԭ򣬾ǸҪ뺺ѧõǷ͡
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ʱ뵽ĲԼǸˡ
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ű£Ҳ˵Ƕз𣿡
Умæȥȶ˷
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һ٣ĸ
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ΰû飬ɻ๫ǵꣿ
лһڲ裬ѹǶԸӶǷ⣬ԭǷ𣡡
˵ţƲһԺ󻹸ҲҺԣﷶɲС£ĭӶܰ
ȿЦһշˡ
ְѲ͵ߡ
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ۣһ²˳ȥ
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ģҲӦˡ
пһɫЦģɵӲŲӦƼҵðˣ
ֺˡ
ۡΰһˡ
⺢Ӻ֢ˡ


13 ʷĹյ
˶˵
๫Ҫӣһ㲻ţе㻭
һʱۼǸ̸Ȼ˵ʲôΪԲŸ߶һʱĵøˣҪմӣҲǿܵġ
ǣ˵๫ӣ˵вţҲˡ
๫ʲôˣǴΰеʥˡ
γǣžӦǷˡЩͨտ˵ǷѧǷ๫ҵСˣҲһһ˰ɣ
ҪӣҪǻԥֻһֿܣ޷ˡ
ڴ￴ȺܿһʱˣҴţ˭Ҳûµ档
˵Ҳû˹˼ȵļΪΰҪȢ¶ˣ
ڼԼҶӶʮ˲Ű¶϶ܲˣңδϱǱˣǵ˵۾ţȴԼĶӰͷֵ꣬춼ϲˣ绹С˼
ƼǲӪҵϽֲɹȥˡ
ΰڶߺҲسȥˡýźҲ֪ȥˡ˵ɧһ㲻ִ˲¶
ţյĵóȣûˡҲ̫飬һ겻ӡ
˵պӦø˲ǣǣǸ˲
ӶǸ˵֣Ǹ֮ţһ󵨵뷨Ρ
ôˣôʷһ̹һͬķ
ôԺĥһ磬֮һ̳þƳƼǣתеҽݡ
ҽݺƼǲ࣬Ƕڽ棬²㾭Ӫϲס֮á
Լ˵ŮزˡǰҸҲ徣ھֻʣϾһҲøʡġ
˵ɣȸоõĹ²ɡ
ͷŸ̳ӾˣΪ⡣
εĲԣҲҪԾˣ
ǿһЦһǸġ
нӹ̳Ŀţ¶֮ɫţǺþƣ
óֻ룬Ҵҵһ룬ͷͨ͸سһ
ЦſҲ˵
аһƵǰ̽ʵ治㣿
Ҳʮġ
ҲǿָԼϣҡͷЦ˵ɣɶ
Ҳûʲôûģ˵˵
٣һЦϵУȻȥ¥˹ݣͷ
һͷĺߣǿһΡҲʮġ
Ц֮ģۿȰη๫Ҫ㵱ӣ
ţ
Ϊַˣ֪¼뷶µģܴӵŵ⡣
ôţȿЦֺγ֪ǸǧѷĻ
Ҳ˵ǲǶǿϣҾһ䣬ҵԸڳܳԵÿ𣿡
лһڣǣԸһ˹ٳʣ¡
ɡпʼƷȡ˵㣬ֱ˼άѡ
˵أ
ͷǡĿ޸ٳ
˵һӡΪ˶꣬Ҳۏٳʻˮ
һ̾ϧˣĻһⱲҲȲˡ
γùٶǣȱһ
ǣƼҿֻôһλҫڡ
˵⡣Ȳ⡣
ʣ
֪һ˵ڽֿԾ֮Ӧþ𣿡
жžҽ߸ĸģȷұΪ
ǣһˣǻܶıǺǻ˭Ҳ֪
µģֻСľʲô籩ʷϲͬĹ켣
Ϸֻܾܲȣûиòþȣֻвˣûк뻵ˡ

˵ѣ𣿡
˵¾ֱӾͼˡ
ƽʱԷҲˣô๫ˣ
ȿЦϱ𼱣Ҹ˵
еһۣĹĵĲ˵
ȥʥ֮ͣһ꿱ڡּˣֱ⡣֮һȥδӣ
ȻǸλ˵һ˵ȥˣȻҲʶʲô
𣿡ȷʵνµ˭ؾ
⡭⡭еԲ˫ĿȻô˵ת࣬ϣã
ãǸûܡȥĳôѪһξ˽ǣһΣسӡֻҪؾʹµٴεơҲζţ˾ҪһˡټҸ֮δټⷶسҲô
ǣǷһֱڵҲ
ͣһЦ
๫ı˭Ұһ겻꿱ȲѣЩԷȨھվס˽ţǻôڷ๫Ӧòµõ
ɫ˵ˡһоУҲ֪ǸĶһҲǳġһ֮һ๫ܱܿǵȥһ
һ֪ݣ֪ݵ飬ڴγı֮бزûйҽߣ徭𣿡
৵һºëˣף˵Ѳǿԡ
ȼһȻ֮ɫ˰ѻ𣬡Է壬Ҫپһ㣬ຮ֮أһ͹ܵˡ
ȿɲΣʵϣȥ귶͸ոձʱǾôɵġ类ȥǳ׵׵ຮ֮أͰסǹټ÷͸Ƶݡ

⣬Ǻðɫɷף˵ǻˡλˣ˰˼㣬޲Լܿ
Ƚȭͷ׵ĹǽӳţһľȻ֮ɫ˼ľġ
ԣҲ
Ҳ٣Ҳ٣

ʱ˹ùҹϷ֮ģͬʱҲζѡһ·һٸߵ·
ȥʷʷҪѴģ


14 Ȱ
һҹߡ
˵˵ףȲɵ˵λֻмҹ˿ɲô׵顣
ڶһ磬ȸ֪ЪҵΰȥвɹһЩʵ⵰ʱߣȻ굽ĵ
ܲ˵ͣȶúõΪһòˡֻǣϱ֮ȴٳٲ˵һֱȵ磬żӳԭ˹ɳǣ˷顣
ȼæӭ˽
ҿɵôûˣ
ȵ֧ȥˣġ
˵꣬ת˳Ƭ̹ʹͻ֮㡣
ͲЦ˵Ǹʳ̵ģأػضǻû˵ȱˡ
ʱȾͰѸɫʳһֲѿڸ֮ˣЩʳָ󶯣׼֣ɱǰηʢöࡣ
ȸơˣһСźš
ͳԵĿģҲɴˡ
ſɻ˳ڶ
ţصͷ
侩Ǵꡣ
οЦҪϲԺСԡ
͸ؿһۣɫط˵ɣź£
һžͿȽЩԾһƣ룬Ȼ˼ǹȣһֹӡ켣ٳʮɫῴ£
ҡ
·˷͵£㲻ͦ˵Ҳͦ˵𣿽ôˣ
С̷һЩ⡭
һ֣˰ʦ֮񣬾ʶٶС
ЩСھʡ
ͶȲ⺢ӽֵֹģ˵ﲻԡ
ʰɡ
ΪҪΪ٣
΢΢һ㶣漴񣡡
񡭡Сૡһ񣡡
ǷñΪ٣б·ߣ
üͷһ壬㻹ǲ뵱١
ǡʵ
Ϊʲôͳ棬ȵ̬ʮֲϲ
ѵ㻹ŲΨͼĹ֮𣿡
ԷͣҾ
СС񣬵ΪλͽҲ塣
ΪһֱΪأ¿ϣģϷȻѻ˵ȥˣʮ֮в˽ʿϷҲᱣˡ
һ̾ϿɷȰСӵһţСֻһ䣬ȥ裬๫µӦ֮
һһʱԶԡ
Ȼұһʱ䣬춼⡣ȻҲȵļ仰Ͷô󣬻ҪΪӲɡ
ǶԵģΪΰܵ˳ףʼ㲻ϣͱԨ
뷵ݵǳ־磬ֻҪɵӶóǹݡôһͼٵͼİϷȻ׾ٵؾͰѰڵһŹسųȨࡣ
֪һЩ˵棬û뵽ô
Ϊʲô
ֱǰ۵СʳȣͲűȻˡ˵ֶϣֱǳ˵Ρ
ȷʵһעʧܵı
һ㣬֮һ⣬εĹ̬ѾΣδֹ֣̾ͥĶָҽΣ
Ƿ޷ģ˵ʲôӦ֮ˡ
Ӧ֮ƣüȡ
ʳ⻰Լһ¡Щһӽ֮еϼһﶼ벻𰸵⣬Ȼȥһʮĺӡ
ҡͷҲ֪Ӧô죬֪⿿ϵĿ֮ǾԸı䲻ʲôġ
⣿
˶˽ģǷڵ棬ֻµȥʲôȥȴǸ⡣
ͲҡͷƺǸᡣͥеƣҲͲˡ
ͷ˼֮ʱͻȻûͷûԵʳһ䣺๫ãлؾĿ𣿡

͸ӳĬˣ÷ãͥȥĴˡ
ôῴ͸أܹټҶ֧֧֣Ұؾ
ֳʵã๫๫˻лȥĿ𣿡
Ϸͬصࡣ
ʲôʱأζʡ
ȻһȫһԲ˫Ŀȣʲô˼
ƺΪ๫Ҳ뵽ˡ
ǰûж룬Ȼ̯ǰ˲˺üꡣ
̾һֻҪϷǾͺѻصʦ
Щ۵Ŀˣʵˡʷ켣ֱ֮󣬸˲½صʦ
һȭ˵˼һһҹĻ
๫ǹٰɣ

ǹ٣Ͳĵصȡ֮л֮δǹ٣ģ
Ȳµ룬Ȱοⲻӱܣһֿ

ȼһֻ˳УЩͬĴŻһαã֮ϸŻᱣ
ոСҲ˵ˣϵļǸı䲻ʲôģȥѾûʲôӰˡ
ҲҪһ㣬ã壬֮ꣿ
ãȻصȵĻľɵصϷΪһ죬㲻ܸ߾ãҲ츣һաǹ٣˹٣Ϸһк죿
Ȳͬ
ֻҪţεĶ˾аֻҪܷڲڳöͬз
ȻּҲ˹٣ְʱ࣬á
⣿
˼봫ˣΪγ¸ĵӣ


15 ҡķ
Ϊһȵ߼˼άǿҹһֱһ⡣
ıȰǹѧôʷᳯķֻͦСлǧ֮ǸΪԻ͵죬ǡٲԨ
ɲ쿪ΣԸǹٰѧʷܻܿһͬĹ켣
ȣλǧñµͲڻĳġ
ͲİѧԤǣԷ͵һݷݷѧĽͶ¡
һˣͨ͵Դڣʮ꣬ʮ뱱̳ƱسΪʯ䷨мζţһԭʷӿµķ籩
籩ݻٶˣѱδһʷ켣޷ġֻҪһ뵽Щ̲ס
ʷ򣬻ʹԺǧ֮䣬վصĶ㡣
ǧ֮ǰκССƫǧлӭһδ֪ľ档ʷĽǶѷʹǸУǸıʷҲʷĹҲǺˡ
ܲôˡΨһģϧǰֻ֪ȻѾʷ֮У;ԭĩ·

÷ȥѧ˼һҹȨ֮ơλ˴ǹ꣬ǿ϶ͬġ
ǹٰɣȼؿŷ͡γ˳ãкܶطҪ봫һøΪε
ãȻؿȣѧ
ԣӦ츮ӦԺڵݴԺһһֻʶ֮ʿԺһרӵܵԺֻڳΪ˵ŻԽԽ࣬ĸŻϣ
һĩ̾Сӣ鲢еô򵥡
˵оǲɣ֮С
Ϸȥ걻ҲĻ䣬ûҪǹ١ǣЩ˻Ϸ򰲰ȵ𣿶ңѧҲʲô£ֻһӵҲ޷ͽ棬ẦЩӵܡ
һ㶡
ͼȻܿ峯֣Ӧû뵽ЩϷˮ֮ˣϷֲµøĸ֮ٴԭ𣿡
ȺǾͲǺŵӣŷӵܣͨͨнӸڿǡ
һò˵˵мֵ
׿ϣĵҪѧǲûͶ˵Ҫ˵ģµɵյȫգҲȥܶ
ǣѧǶϷӵܶǼǮĿֻӦԺֳ֧ͥŵԺѧȫ⡣ϷҪǰѧ򸺵ġ
һҧϿϴǹٰѧֻ̡ܽǮ֮£Сӿһе
㣿һ㵣Сӷ˲ɣ
֪һԺжĿСĥҲһ
๫ģȵɺ۾Ĳ˵ΪǮı£γСϵڶû˸ϵһ
ҡͷһЦƾСʳӣȵǺõģ÷ͺοȿԣҲֻܵЦ
˵СǸɢ֮ˣ뵱٣ΪǮһ̣ʳҲֻǸΪֶΡɲ˵СûǮʵǮķӣСеǣʱ䣬꣡
һֻƣ漴ջȥָ
꣬СӸһȫԺ
ҡͷվΡãٴȥˣٴȥСӷ˲ɡ
ȼӽ
๫Сһ䣬ǹٰɣ
еǰһԺ˵ɣ
ǡ
ûʲôǣ˻ָյǣһ˿
ǸӡûͷûԵðһ䡣ʱлʦ񣬵Ҹϰʦ

ȳˡ
˵ˣϻСѧˣ
һ㲻ΪҲԣ˭˵ϷֻܽΪ֮
ָȵؿһһٵĵϷܽôˣ
˵꣬Ҳ㶲ȣ󲽳ȥ
гͣת֣صصǹٰѧҲʧһ·Ϸվڳʮ꣬һ仰һ嶯ܾġ
Ϸ򡭡롣
˵꣬תʧڽ֮С
ȻζĻʧķ򣬾þδ

ͳƼǣ˳صС
լһԺڵݸֿϵλãۣȥո֮ʱµġ
𿴷Ϊִףλ˳Ȼʱļ硣ÿһأӲòʡʡӲš
ǰԺסӣͬסںլ
ûֱӻغլ͹սƫԺ֮С
Ժס˶ӭ˳
ʹæмסˡ
ʦ³Դ
ʦ³ˣʿ磬ԻҰףҰɫѾݵİ˽ȥ˿ȥֻʮ֮꣬ƣ֮͸Ӳ硣
ʦ³ǿһЦɵķˣ͸͸
ҲǿطԺʯǰ£ֽʹŮΪʿһ硣
䨣ʦ³Ҳ᳼뷶ʦ
ȥʧƣͳߓݣ֪ݡݣȾزұ衣֪Ϣڽ䨽ӵ
䨽˽üͷ£ôɽǻ˼ò˳
һֹ̾˳ǰոòͬӪһͬȥ𣬾Ȼ÷ͽߣӪָʹ
Ȱɽ˵󲻴˵СҲСǰʮ˾̵ÿģá
ãȻص˵ͷû˵
ϣֿ²Ϊ˼֮¿հɣʦ֮ĬԼãƺô򵥡
ͿЦһʦ³µûȥӪָ̽ӣس˳ȥƼǿһǸСӡ
ŶǸȵģһɡ
Ǹ˵֪꣬ģǰ췶ͻظ֮˻һϾͺǸ꣬÷͵Ļ˵šͯ
СǸ࣡ͳã˵һĻ
ϣ۵˿ǲࡣ
ͲݸһЦȻҵѧ١
⵹ʣ
ҡת䨣ΪصصңȰҴǹѧ

һҲסˡ⣬Ϊʲôϣ˵Ǹˡ


16 ׬Ǯ֮
ıµֻΪʱµţơ
ô˵ᣬ궼㲻ϣͰţƴȥˣţƴûС
һԺ˵Ͳţκһ񶼵ðǷӡ
һԺöǮһѧȫԺöǮ
һˡ
ҶһƽͥÿöȲᳬǮȻǮֻʳסУй¡
ڶǿ֧ҪˣһҪĵ룬֧š
ڹŴǼΪݳ޵顣
ŴֽݳƷдõֽӰ󣬶鼮ݳƷеݳƷ
δȻѾ˻ӡˢΪֲϵƣûа취ռӡˢ鼮õǵӡˢۡ
˵ͳľʷӼһҳġʫӼǡۼǮ൱һƽһ¿һʱѡۼһģǵ¿꣬˼͹ʱˣʱ򻹵µġ
ڴγˣԺȴס鼮ֽīһҲᵽᡣȹĶͿһѧȫԺҲ˵ѧĶöȶԺǮ
һѧһ鱾ֽī͵30ңһٸ3000ᡣ⻹꣬ҪһȰѧʳҲˣһʲСĿ֧
ԺнɣؽݶǮ
нͰɣҪѧܹӶѧһͣҲǴǸİɣô㣿
ټһЩ鿪֧ҪﷶͰԺȥһҪóǮǿ֧š
ᣬҪǹ⿿Ƽʳ̣ʮӯŹһĿοһ˵ҪﷶһԺ
ǺǡΪһ仰ȿҪһӶʹˡ

ǣ˵ȥĻóȥˮíһɾ
ӻˣƾҳԽʱһǧļʶڴλǮס
żʱ˵ģʲô׬Ǯ
¢ϣ
ܸʲôֻҪ¢ϾӪͶǱ
Խʲôó㶫ʱûеģ¢ϡ
οȻǸѧѧģ

һ仰ϾͱһԺòϿʼĥôǮˡ
ȥʮͻٵ̴֬֬ˮۣ޲
Ūô͸ɶΰе㲻ԡ
˵ۼҲûõ֬
ʱ֪ˡҲͣƼǡ
ȵʱֻ̳ӣʮֹŹֵǣ̳ڵײһϸܣȵкרŶƵġ
˵ǶƣʵҲѡֳֻɵ̳ӵ׶ٰϹӾˣֻһĹˡ
ڲ֣Ҫĵʲô
֪ȸͻ˸ıò취Ǯˡ
Ȱ̳ӷŵһߣӳȡһľ̿ôֵǣȾȻ̿ﵹˮľ̿ϴƵϴ
һɻ󣬡⣬
ϴ̿ϴںڣ̧ͷһҲ˵ȥЩϸɰʯʯôӴСÿһ衣
Ūһ׹ѴСһʯϸɰټľֲ̿ŵ̳Һ嵹̳Уٴ̳׵ϸ𵽹˵Ч
ʵЧõǻ̿ޣֻ취ˣԺлŪרƻ̿Ļ¯˵
ϴ̿õľ̿ʷǳ࣬ϴһϴȥģˮϴҲֻϴľ̿Ļʰˡ
ûһΰʮͣ֬޲ˡ
ǴҪʳͣʱ򻹲ֲͣԽרõ
ΰ֪Ҫʲô࣬ĵ¶ͺһͬϴ̿
ʱҲżСˣװϸɰʯȹȥһص˵ͷϸɰʯͨͨˮϴϼ顣
̿ɳʯӶϴ֮Ⱦóһϸ̳ܵӣ̳޲һľ̿һ㲼С֮̿ϸɳСʯʯ㣬ռ˴̳ӣֲڵĹˡ
һЦƼǣתҽݡ
ʯ𣿡ͷʡ
ʯңһüʱʯҳˢǽҩá
Ҫʯ
þǣ㡣
в֪Ҫҩ֮гװʯҵҩϻ
ȴһֻٰϻӣ԰ҩϻ˹
Ұɡ˵ţҩϻתߡ
мˣô˵ģ
İɣ˭û¶ⶫбáһ仰ʧҽ⡣
пļǵӣе㲻ģ˳ȥ뿴СӵҪʲô
ȻصƼǣִӳȡСմⶫǷõģƼǴĶࡣ
׼ˣ׼ֿͻȻһʵ֪±𣿡
±һ۵ֲΣ±±顣
һİƣ±ãУһЩ
ֶĶУȥҪһ㡣˵žȥҪ±ˡ
ΰȡһЩͷŹлȡһ赹ˮʯҶ˽ȥ

ڿܺܶ˶µˣҪʮԽС˵һ붼ɹһ㶼ϡ档
ûҪȷʵһǳ򵥵Ӧ
ǷȴҪĿġ
Ϊһ߷ӻѧ˶ʿһ֬ӦΪ˵õҲ̫low˰ɣ
һָΪʣȷļֵߣá


17 ȷмֵĶ
֬Ӧںѧα֮оͶѧѡ
ҪҲûʲôرֻȽϾϸˡ
ȰʯˮƳʯҽٰСմС
СմҲմۣҪɷ̼ʯҺҲҺӦ̼֮ƳϲҺ
ЩҺҪơ
׳ƻһҪĹԭϣʴԼǿ
СĵôҺƲһʧһӴƤֽƤ֮е֬Σء
ƲҺ͹гֽ裬ͻᷢӦ
͹ȣǵȴˡҲţҪ±ĥˮȡ
±ʵ±ˮ̻ɵӲ顣ϰհ֮е±ռȫˮ֮ܽ󣬾ͻԭ±ˮҲǡ±ˮ㶹Ǹ±ˮ
±ˮҪֶ溬һֳɷݣǵ˹ѺϳɵģȻþ
ȻþһΣڸ»ֽȻ⡣Ȼˮ֪ͨˡ
ִѧҵҪļѧԭϡ
ָᡢ᣻ָƺ̼ơ
УȶƱǣǿƱȴôף򵥵ķ±ˮõ
ʱеѾʼ˷Ӧϲͻɫʿʼ̡
æѻδȫ̵ģһƲ׼õ֬۽Ⱦãһ̺Ƿ
ûоκδһζҲûԸŪһζ֬ڸȣ򵥵ķ
ȻԺ󻹿ȡ֮еľͣ÷ĸӷ㡣ʱޣҲֻ֬ˡ
лʣһЩǵʺ͵ײļԷҺ
ǰС˵дⶫûʲôˣֱӵûС
в֮ƲһСĳɷҪĩӦȫͺʣʡ
ȰѶҺõ±ˮУȡ
ʱеٴη˱仯̡
ȿŷ͹Ϳ飬⡣ǰȻû컯ӦǣȻ֪ʶ
֮мӦ֮õᣬһʡ
Ҳǰռ
ΪҺܹԵʣܻһЩ֬Ӧ֡һֵ֬ԷӦ˷ѣõʯҪãõţʹ
һңУæǰæ˰죬ڿͣʵ
ɵڹĵʲô
ȵָһһСϴ¡ԡ֮Чһ
в֪Ǻ׵ǰôģ
ȡһߣòģӣֳһȼ
ô
оؿɫĻ棬͵ˡ
ŻϷҲ󡣡
ȹһЦȻ֮еҪٺܶ࣬ҲһСöࡣ
ҪóȥӦüǮ
ʼһ˲ĽﲻͣһС׺ϲ㣿
ָһļֵߣ
˲֪ĺôǽŽɡ
ΰָŹǰҺǲǿԵˣ
ܵȼı

ǰÿÿС˵֮аЩӵȶֱƲ졣
ֱǱӦмֵĶôǶˡ
Ϊһѧѧģȱ˭ЩҺ֮кһֱٱǧʡ
ͣ
һɫζĳҺ壬ǼΪҪĻԭϡ;֮㣬˴Ļ
ʳƷӹҩױƷ졢ҵе󻬡лϳɡܻȵӦá
ڶʮͳ͸ըҩҪԭϡ
ôĶǲ̫ϧˣ
ֻҪѸʹҺȡֻƾһ㶫һԺ;ʲô£
򵥵ϡͳ壬ܴӷҺ֮ȡˮ
ʵϣһֱһŰ˼˹ͺϳǰĸͶֲͨ֬Һźаٷ֮ʮҵĴ͡
޳ԳĸˮʵɫȳšеʵڲףҪЩˮʲôá
ֻȰѳˮõĹ̳С
ʱ
̳׵ϸ֮оˮӿΪȵǣĲǻˮ峺͸Һ塣
ȿŽ·𿴵ľһͭǮϸӿֻҪ򵥵ȡĸͣķƴƾˡ

͵Ӧúܹ㣬ǣĿǰ뵽ʵã׬ǮķǰѸΪʳƷӼ
ȷ˵ǹӼ
ʵеĘؾƣҲǽ˽ơֻдӹٸƘأֱڹٷйҡ
ǣιٷ¢ϵǾ죬ø췷Է͵ĹȴûоƘƣÿӡ
ʵҲûƵıҪʱɬһʣѾ˹ƵĴʡ
ƵˮƽƷĹֻֿɬ
Ϊ޷ȥһǲƻûʲôҵֵ˺ȲʳƵ֮ˣӾûʲô·ġ
ֻǹƷʺƣֻйƷѹ֮ʱƣҹƵۼҲ͡
ﶮãʵеĹƷ֮Уһֽʡ
ˮ֮пζɬеȫԴֹƷ֮󣬵޷ֽ⣬ھҺ֮УȻĹƿڸоֿɬΪѺȡ
ȥĹؼǸ͡
ͿԷֽеĵЧȥеĿɬ֮ζңΪ͵ůζܴƵƷʺͿڸУǾѵĹӼ
˺ȹ˵ƣֻҪȥƵĿɬٰѾҺ˳壬ǸĹƣضΪܻӭľƷ
ܲһԺָһˡ


18 
͵ķеˮߣֻҪѺи͵ˮٶȣˮܵõ͡
Ȼͣȿ϶ﲻˮƽֻӼҲҪ̫ߵĴȡ
ڶһ磬ƼճӪҵΰ˳ţжȥ
ȴеĿĵزǱ𴦣ϰĸ¡̡
͵˳һȻѰ·ҪΪ⼸ٿһӻ̣Ȼʵżڼϰõѡ

ϰ屾ȫҲмͷԺͿϳԿľͷڵݴƴʮ꣬ӻӣ㲻ϴ󸻴󣬵Ҳøķᡣ
ϰҲ˵ϲǣСŮڶ˼ңȴһ׮ͷ¡
ǣһ뵽Ǹʵͽΰԭ͵ԼŮ͸˲ӬƵܡÿһټŮ֮ǰɣ
һϣϰվؾӣ֧ӦŻƿӭ͡ǿв죬Ҳؾæ
䲻ǰ㣬ŮλͣڹػҪģĸ֮ý֮ԣڹأ֮ͳ
ΰã˽һμѻô˵ЩԽˡ
˼ʱȻЩ´Ϻüͷ
ЪһɣææһϣǰĵصϺ
ϰ忴ԼŮһۣ̾һӹ
ԹԵظڰ󣬵ϰ˺æʡ
ϰӹȥɣò㡣
ȻһЦŮŵ
ϰ̾һҲףԼɫãŮ
û˼ǡ
ŮסϵŮܿࡣ
㰡
ȫͲˣԼҹŮһҪвţҪòòҼΪ£ôͿΰǸСأ
ȫٲԸҲĥˡҪ˵ȴӰνӡ
ɵûڵһˡ
Ⱥ̳ӵΰ
˭ģҳȥϰɫƣΰ²ӳһ䡣
ΰͨ죬ŶҲǣҲǣ֧֧˰죬Ҳû˵һ仰
΢΢һЦŲôˣϾһˣαô֣
˭һˣϰһӡⲻû𣿶Ůܣɺͳ
ҡΰ˵Ǹȣᶫġݹ񣬲΢΢ҡͷְѻ˻ȥ
ŲˣǸģСŲ¶
㣿ɶ£
£⣡һЦ
ϰԣͷһ£˵⣬㲻ϷϷҪȥ㡣
ָָȥ˵ɡ˵ţҲȥ
ȼæϣΰɵ㶵ŶҲҪȥ
ɶϰڳΰôô˳ۡȥ
ǡ
Сϰתһ벻ԣȽȥˣ治ʣΰˣ
㣬øȥɣε
ǡ
ΰί˵ŮĴôǰûϵʱأ
֮ǰټϷȣ
ǡ
ΰĶ£ؿһȻת˸¡̡
ЦۿţƵģͷڶΰϿɫ
ΰһߣͷƺ泩١䣬ȷֱ
ȿڣͷ˵ˡ
˵⣬ϾһˡԺƼõӻͶðɣϷ򰴽۽㡣
лŲˣҲ飬ƺͷ̸ɣǵСû˻ں
СҲС
Ȼû˵ֱ꣬Ųˡ
Ϸ㣬嵱ÿĵ
棡ȿ϶ػش
Ų˵ͷ
˵һֱлƶʳ̣ǲ٣һʮ´ࡣǣϷе㲻̫ţôһͼͷһģ
һЦСƭ㲻ɣ
ŲбһۣҲң
漴ɫƴɣϷΣ
еɣ˵Լû˵ôˣ
ϷǮڳǶٿһƼǣضѡп֧Ϸһ˳е
һŲǺ⣿
ŲϷֻһµռ߳ɷӣ

˵ĻܲףͷǲĹŮ޹ȥҪΪŮ뱲·
СӲóǮóɷӿɺã
εҡͷЦŲǲҰ
ڶСǮûмңô˵ƼǵҪˣԼǧἸĴƣ᲻øҵ̫ˣ˭Ҳ˵׼ҲòΪСŮ·𣿡
⣡в޽٣ʮŲİŮ֮ġ

ʲô
ŲüǧǮǮˣ
Сӣ㻹ᣬݲƲ׵ĵǧѾܶˡ
ҡͷΰĶ
ŲССˡ
ָϵ̳ƣľеǻ̸һ̸ȼǧɣ


19 һĴ
ȼǧ⣿Ųɵؿȡ
ȴľУĶó
˵СӽΪ׮ģ֪ŲûȤ
˵Ĵ⣿
ԣ˵Ĵ⡣
ɨһľУӵذʲô⣿Ǽӡ
⼸ͻɫĶʶ
һ顱ŲƲƲ죬ⶫҲóָǮСӵ
ɧһ죬˼ͷ
Ҳֱȫӣȷʵ̫ˣҪҲáˡ
ֻͷôģӣ˸ߴ̾£ſſһ磬ѿҪ
ʱæӡҪϾУٰģľϸЩǡ
Ų˵ͷ㵹û˵ĺûɫɫͺסҪģǵ֮󣬿𹻲С
εͻϸض꣬Ų𽥵֮ģ÷̽ʵǡ

ţͣͣ
ͨռõĶ͵ƣǸ˴󻧲õĶ
ڸУεʯҲһȻʶ̴࣬СҲͱ͵ôһ㣬ۼ۲ߡ
ٺһǳСҲʯһЩ۸С
Ϊ߼ģҪԭţͺ͡Сܴ˼ϲ۸ҲߣϺõţʹҪʮһ
Ƚ͵
ŶŲǰһ
Ͽɱţ͡͵ϲ٣зʧΪһ·Ҳȱϲ١
ֻǡֻǲ֪̻Ρ
ưȼŲĻ磬ϲ
СϵȺ
һͳ
ΪһˣŲ뵽˳ɱ⡣Ҫǳţ൱⻹һź⡣
ʮͲʮϸʵ
ʲôŲֱšʮͲʮϸ
һƨϣŲԵüΪɥ
ΪСһ·ͷȴǿϲһ
õţҲʮһţۣͬһ30ģʮҲ300ġ
ǣǿʮͰţͱˣʮҲҪ500ġʮÿ۾50ģ30ģ
ȵһЦϱ𼱣
óһݵŲǰ
ŲȤؽӹҿǺ
ⶫƴСӣ˳Ųϲ
зϴԡõġȽš
Ϊ˸ΪַãȽȡһˮŲ÷ϴ֡
ʱپϸҲﲻˮƽһЩӦȫ֬СŲոץĵ˰죬Щģ÷ϴ֡
ŷдŪŲط֣ⶫһմˮͱĻ֣Ҵϴ侹Ȼϸİɫĭʮ档ϴĭ˫ֱýྻޱȣɱƽʱֻˮϴּ򵥿ݵö࣬ҸӸɾ
öŲ
ϴ·ȥǸǿ
棿Ų۾ˡ
ǼıҪ֪ǵĲ٣ϵۼҲߣֻиõҪǻãۼۿ϶͡
ŲȻһ㵡ۼΣ
˵ɱǼһǸۣǾûʲôͷˡ
Ц𣺡ʮͳʮôķ
ʮͳʮ飿Ųô׬ͷ
ɣŲһ·ӦһɡҲƣ
԰ȴ
ʵСΪ˱֤Ĵȣ֮ʱֻȡϲĲϵвĻҪһЩʮͳʮҲпܡ
ȵȣŲɴ۾˵һƳɵģ
԰
Ҳ˵ʮܳʮʮ򣿡
԰
ˣ
ŲһֽУĻƺﶼ̽ͷ˹ȫ٣ʧ̬
СӣǷˣŲԸ̾
ԭΪǷÿۼһĿ϶⡣ʮǮڰѱǮıѾ㱩ˡ뵽ԭҲͬĶǲڰ׼һ
ӻеʮ꣬ʲô֮Һķ󣬾ЩճöȵС
ֻǣЩճƷ󼫱Ȼȴࡣһ룬ҿ֮󣬹һصӯཫһʶ롣
֪ɱõöࡣһĵò˼ξûˣһʮΡʮҲһõꡣԣһĵĹۣ̫ˡ
ȿͷӣ⡣
Сͺ˵¼ʲô׬Ǯ
¢ϣ
¢ϣ
ŲȻͬغͬʱ˵֡ڣҲǷ塣
¢ϣ¢÷ֻܴǵǶһ󣡣ҲֻǸʱ⡣
ɣ뵽Ų֣̽ʵ⡭Ҳҵķ𣿡
Ц𣿡
գһˣ


20 ˷
գһˣ
̶֣ͰŲж԰Ůδĵǣȫһɨա
򣬵ƹƴλԵ˵벻ﶼˡ
ңȺ˵ƷԣԼĹŮ޹ȥʲôĵأ
سһŲƽһ飬˵˵ɣҪô̸
ȼȻǿ϶˶ƣܿø¡ΪǲС˵Ĵˡ
һ֣Ų𼱣̳Σ
˵ţȴ̳ķڣʱ˿˿ζľɢ
Ųͷһüͷһ壬ӾƣϷɴӲȹơ
ɰƣСӴ̳Ӿ
Ҳ˵˳ϵ룬̳зֱ𵹳һ롣
̳װȼӹ͵Ĺƣһ̳ǵӾƣһ̳ơ
ⶫˣزʲôˮʱʣʲôơʢ٣Ӿƣ֮ز֦֦ƣΪȻ־ơ
ɫľҺУŲ
ȴĹƺ̫һѰǰǣ峷оͺһ鵴ŲƵ꣬һζ
ƾȻ룿Ųʡ
ȴ֪ȥ֮еʣ˵ʵ̫ˡ
õĹֱӰѹƹˣҲûѧҺҷΪ򵥡ֻҪ֮м뵰壬ֽ裬һʱ䣬Һ֮е뵰ƻͿԵõ峺ľҺ
ȶһݵŲǰ
ŲҲѣյӵš˵ͱĹûʲôֱ
ȲЦŲʲôֻкˣһ
ȻŲСһڣ漴˫ĿȻһ
һȣģ
ȿŲı֪ʮ⡣
ϾãΣ
ֹ⣬Ųֱ𾪣
Ų۵಻ɬɿڡ
ֺһڣӾƣɫľҺڣطֱӵζ
ֻŲ벻ףӾôģôࣿҪ֪ǹ֮еƷ֦ƣҲһ˿ɬ
ӾƣʵӶɬӾƲ಻ɬһеĹ㡣˹ӵ𣬻Ʒһ˿ů֮˿ڸУʧΪһϵȺþˡ
Ͼã־ҪõȥҪۼΣ
ŲƵͿڸУѾϺܶе͵׾ˣֻһЩεƲôһ㡣ңΪеĹ㣬׵õ˵ϲҪۼΣ治˵
ҿÿ200ĵۼӦⲻ󡣡Ų÷۸
ҲǶ෽֮󣬷۸εǹƣֻҪǮһٺһƣʮĵۼۣõ׾ƣҲǻƾơ׾ơ
׾Ƶļ۸ߵͲһ͵ȵĶʮģеʮġ߼ĸƣǴӼһǮһõ۸Ʈ
ƱЩƻǲһЩȴԲе׾ơۼۣǱȽϿ͹۵ġ
һÿ©һģٵ
ǴӽģһƺһֻۣͬҪ3Ǯˣ͹ң200ģôǮĶ졣
ģȶе㲻ˡ
ŲӾһֶƶƿɬʣҪ޳˿ɬʺ˵ĿζĲ⡣ⲻ֪ϵ֦յǵݣҪһǮһС̳
סˣʢƵС̳Ϊװһ̳һǮÿģ

ٺٺ١
ȱ߱ﲻסЦЦŲֱë
Цɶ
˷֮飬ĴⰡ
ŲȻʶʲôŵĵơġģ
ȹЦԼģֻѰ¼ӹһʮܶ80ƣ㣬ж
Ųڵһվ棡
ǧȷ
80ƣһۼģʮᣡǮԭƼԺԲƣʮͲŶǮ
Ǯ죡Ų˷ܵشתƣֻҪƵù㸣¡ֻռһҲһ޷ĲƸ
ȵȡ
ŲһͣЦõؿȡ
ôͣ
շӦ˵ǡʮͳ80ơ
԰Ҿõ;ѽգգ۾ʵ

˵йƣ10ģŲ˵Щ
԰10ͳ20108ͣöҳ80
㣡㣡
ŲָȣֻѪӿԴһѣΡ
ҵĪǽĲɣ
ȺٺһЦ
ϻû˵ҪޣСͱúͻƽһֵǮ

Ȼ治ǴţεĻΪ0ѧѧƣҲֻͨһƤëֻ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
ʻѧӦԭ֪˵ʲôˡ
ʱĻѧ̫ȿø͸ɸ¶಻ʱĶ
ǻ˵ֻһ͹ˡ
10ͣϵļ۸500ģĲнӽʮᣡʮ󣬷Ķ˷棡
ҲǷǾˮڴζǵƷг󼫴ȸͲ·˵жͳ40ȾܰɶǮ


21 
˵˵ɣ׮Ҫô
ŲܾòԼƽΣָӦеӡ
һЦѡ񡣡
֣
һҳŲĶұ֤һظ¡̵רӪȨ
ŲͷеҰ޸ΰˡ
ƴһרӪŵ൱ڶ˸¡ƺͷϵݵ¢ϵλʧΪһ⡣
¡ӻţë֪ҪûĹϵݺô治һ˭ء
һѡأŲûбͷԣʳ˵ڶ֡
ڶ־ǣϳռɣơͣһЩԭϵĹöŲֻܳ
ŲһʶʵǷô֣
һɡһɣʣµҵġ
Ųüͷһ壺ԼǮͶռ˳ɷӣ
ȿҪСӻ治ٺǮƽҲ޷
ֻֻСһʱڿ죬һţƤŲòռɷӡ
Ų˵ͷû˵Ҳôһʡ껹ˣƴһˣˡ
һѾˣ
ʵ˵ɣСŪ⣬ͲΪȡԴҪǮдáģСȻռ˰˳ɷӣ䵽Լڴľࡣǻѡһֺʽ
Ųһ֣㲻ö˵ŪģռٶࡣϷѡڶ֡
ռɴӶֱܻӴô
ǣҲȫĵط͹ƲֻڵһţϣȫΡǸʱ򣬵һصרӪ֮ȨʵʵڵһɹɷĸãɵӶó
ңҪǣƴ˵ݵרӪȨǿʱܻġڲҲ׼Ժ󲻻һɹɷݾͲһˣżҺƼҡҾһ飬
ȻˣŲԾչϵĹƣͻȥڳѡһطרӹ͡
Ųһ֣ȻҪֱԼһһԽһͳɱҲֹܷҾƵܷй
ȸһЦ˵治֬͵ķй
ȵ֬̿Ƽ򵥣òҲʮֳҪĹգȴûôס
ʯմ۹ҵı֬ķӦɲǿ۾ܿġֻҪһ⣬ͻᵼĹ̻ѧ꣬ĸҲá
ԼһƷ飬ȻǼΪϿɵġֻҪƿʼҲԽԽ󣬿ֳɵĹƹңȻҲǳ֮ơ
֮ǰûҪûǮǰڵʽȫŲҲͲ̫Ҫˡ
Ҳ⣬Ϸ֪һ̻ĹҪңҲڳ⡣
ǰһȺ£
Ų⼸꾰ãʳĶ࣬׾Ʒģ۸ѹĺܵͣȻȹƵ˾١ݵļҹأ£ļҳȥˡ
ȵǸãҿ²٣ȹ񣬴ǾͿȥǼҪǺʣ㶩
Ųˬﻹȴ죿ҿͿԡ
첻С
ôɻб飿ƣŲڿǱȻһ׼׵һ׬Ǯ
ƲˡεͷСҪȥʦ
ţŲһʲôʦ
ǸҪѧ˵ҪΪȰǷͣҲڴôţƤ
Ųһʱûת
ĸ
ĸȿЦǸ๫¡

³ţ
ף롢ԡ⡢ѧ
ɣᡢС֡ܡ
ʮգ
ףɲɡȢ㡢լ
ɣ򾮡ᡣ
šʮնǺӣȰʦͣʮΰС֮ӡ
һ磬ƼЪҵһ죬ʹóԹƼһʮֲ
գƼǵ㣬ɹΪƴɸչϼӣѧĶϰʼҵء
ҲΨв֪Ƽ⼸˫ϲš
Ҫ뷶๫£ΰժõС£һĽοͬ˵Ϊ¶Ъҵ죬ЪʮҲΪ
Ǵʢ֮ʱýźĥҲ֪Ƽҡҽ벻ﶼඡ
ؾͱ
ǰֻǶ֮ʮֵĽҲֻ֪⽲ж鷳ԡǻһϡ
˵⻹ûأô鷳ʽʦ֮ʱôأ
һ϶ֵúϲ£죬ԼҶȢϱˡ
壬˷£ȥѧʵģƼй⣬Ҳȸˡ
òˣʱҲٽʱֱߴţΰͬŸɫлʦƷֱֵķլȥ


22 ɵ
֣˼壬ǵݸڡ
γʵзƶȣԹšסլҵ롣ҵҲʱ䣬ҲγҵԿǰչһҪԭ֮һ
֮ϣְܲһĸţ̻ɢС

լ֮ʱӭĲǷͱˣǳһķҢ
һͷƼǼʱȻ֪˾Ƿ˽Ң򡱣ȻҲû뵽˭
ֱڶ죬ٴãȲŻȻԭǸǷ͵ĴӷʣҢ
ȿ֪һԺ󲻵˽ʿҽ˷͵İ࣬ѹٶһִףҲţˡ
ڣҢֻǸδʮ꣬һǸСļһ

ʲ̲˦֣͵Ǵк
ƫԺҽɡ˵ţǰ·Ҳһۡ
ȱЦӭˣ˸ôûȤֻȻ˷լ
ָλɡ˵꣬ȺתҪߡ
˵һҲ̫˵ɣ˵û˵ɶôûأ
ذȽסʣùһ̳Ƶ
ЦҴ꣬ôһʶ˵Ҳ֪㸸׾Ƿ๫Ҫ֪Ҳܵǵô˵
۾һУ
ǣҵĴҵĴȵͷ絷⡣
ʰѾ̳ƻȥûȥ˭ҪĶ
ȴϹͻ
С˲ǣԼĺöŰɡ
һȣһʱû취һ䣬Ҳ͸״˺²һʶѧ
Ȼô˵վûѾ̳ƻȥеص㣬ȴϲ٣ȱϾֻʮͯҲöƽϡ
µȰɣϾͳˡ
ȺٺһЦҲǴ󶨡
ûƴǣ˵Ѿ˴롣꣬ԺţҲֻǸʮꡣҪǣԺͷ̧ͷģ϶ǲס
Ҫͷ̸䣬ȴӰյĺһԴǸȲꡣɨĿϡ
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ѧȴƶߵĲηչεδҲǳ֮Ϳȥ׵ġã϶һһʲôֱ𣿡

ֱһ
䨴㶵ؿȣƼ֮еķһһը˵ˡ


24 䨵
ѧʲô
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ҪҪ
⣬׳һִ˶ԹŴйĿʡ
ɷϣΰģѧ˼ҲΰġͬҲɷϣһǧǰγѾ߱Ŀܡ
Ϊλǧ꣬һֱԭ̤磬ڼ̵ʱҰӶƶǰһأ
ԭкܶࡣ
һлĵԵһʼܹԸũ塣ǧ࣬㣬ʼղγһƶǰĶռһܱ߹õأԵñӡ·ǲҪߵĿƼˮƽҪ飬οꡣֻҪһȽѧ˼̻Ϳˡ
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лھʱ䣬ͷκ壬Ǳɣʷĳͬ԰ŷ޵ʼղܶԺĻγв̸ϳûײûл𻨣ִ֮޷ȼ
ֱʮҶһĽΪģǴأط֮ءǴĶõģǴ˾߼塣
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ڳ֮Ͻ˵飬Сүо֮Уܸˡ

ֱѾ˺þã䨻ԺȵЩױˡ
ܲؿɲԸʱŪ۵Ӧ¡ӳȥģΨ۵ĴɱүӸıľ֮ۡ
ʣʶʾʶʶʵķӳֻ䨽ܲˣĶѡʡˡˡҲĥһˡ
飬֪ʦ³δΪءҴҵƫԺͼԺĿ͡
ʦ³ôԺҹ䣬棡
ãȻͣŻع¶һЦݣϣֻˣ
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䨽Ųһ١Ƭ̷³֡

Ͳ⡣Ǻãǲã
áЩͷˣ
ͳЦѵʦ³Ժ֮ߣֻҪԵһ񣡡
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ЦϷѾˣСӲϲḶ̌ǿƣѭգʥ֮ѧٴһЩԶˣȻҲϷĿģһѧˡ
Ͳ⣬룬䨾ҡͷһ̾ϣֵķӾͷˣ
⣿һ
Ӳɽ̶̣ӹֻ֮ҪУ;ؿɳ
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δʦ³һˡ
ʹŮĲתԷͣһһٵĵ
ʮ꣬ӿɿѧ˵سʥ


25 ѧ
䨵ۣͨ첻ɡ
үҪ֪Ψ壬ƻ׷
˵Ȳѧѧģôѧļ䡰˼Ƽ仹Уؽ֮ͣ⣬Ǿе㳶ˡ
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ΪӴ˷ͣȿʼһؼʶ˴Щ˲ŵķɡò˵𺳣
ڣԭĿԻ⣻Ƕҹҳϡ
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ʵϣʮޡһЩյļʶıһЩ˵ϸڡǣ´ƣʲôı䲻ˡ
ǧĻ˵ֻһרҵ˲ţҪһܵʥˣһһĴڡ
Ȼһ㡭
Ȼı䲻ʲôǾµʲôɣ

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ѧ

ǰѧ߷ӻѧģҲѧйأǼǿڳġ
ҪȻҲȱҵû죬սּĳӣһ죬͵˴γ
Ψһ飬Ҳֻлѧ
յεʱĥѵҲô̫ң˥̫ϧȻҪôƫƫѧѧĴԽأ
ǣֻ˰£Ⱦ֪ԼˡһѧƵͻǲԸıƵġ
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ȿһǹеĸٻͬһˣͨʮĲиŬĵԭʼݷǹҲǲԶԿġ
ңˣǹⶫҪ䵽ǿǲ˵顣
һҪɹӰƬ󻻳ɻǹǳɼ˼ͲǺɨŷˣͳһ
һ֮ȸɴ˻ѧεΣС񣬹С
ǣЩ͡䨣ʣȵĴܴΪһлŮҹµʶֲġ
ǰȻáܽڣǧ֮󣬻ĻǻģˡοԼԴˣʷͷȣ֪Լˡ
ǧĸڴΣµ۷ҲڴΣȻܸıʷҲΪʱʲôµʲô
ѧóĶҲû˿öҲòϡʮ󡢰أ᲻ǰƽۻһĸ߶ȣȻȻľͻı硣
ǸʱҲһ˻ῴѧе壬һ·
⻪ҲҲ˶ı䡣

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Ȱպѧα˳򣬰ǧ֮ѧ˴γֽϡ
ȻȵëּãֱĿȻдʮ棬֮о˸
ΪʶдµÿһʡÿһԪطšÿһѧʽпܸı̡
ܶȤζػ룬ǧ֮󣬵һйҡⱾѧ˵˰ɣѧһǧǰǾѾˣ



26 һ
ʮգΰ֮

ˮĶ࣬칫ն졣
ʮ죬һʺ졣
ֻһĶۣ˸٣Ūֻ߻ͷϣǾ·ǰͦء磬ϵľҡˣһȥż֮ʱĺ޵ȫˡ
ܲϴȥȫû˵ɵϣȻӲ
˭뵽⿴ȥϵµ˾ȻˡƴԳ˵ɵ£ҹ߶ɶӵĻƣȥҲǷ⡣
쵽żȥȻҪúôһҲò׹ҵ硣

Ȣ񣬿ɺȰʦѧͬƷʵʵڵǳ
ֱɲɡɼڡӭ
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һǡз˴ƸŮʽ飬Ҳ׳ƵƸ¶߶顣
ֻй֮²ܵյϿɣѾзԼκ˲ԻԼȻҪԹ˾ġ
֮پڡҲ˫Эڡ
ӭзŮӭȢţһǰϱȢؼˡ
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ͷβûʲô¶ǳýһС
ߣ»Ůڶ֮ǰûȢθֻеƿͷһ̲֪ѹСûɶֱ
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еһԲϾ͵ڱǿа֤ˡ¼ʹŵǳΣҲôТ

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䲻ΪΰǱ֮ҲЩ˵ΣøԶˡ
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ûгͼƴ׷еӣŲһ粻һͬù緹ͳǡ
һƴɵ˼ȥżҡ
ĸżң
ǡ
Ұɣ

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ʵҲŻ˭˸߿һۣ˭Ҳ뱻˿ᣡ
Ƕ˵ҼҴΰȢϺƫǣʱϹǵĹۡ
ȫõСﻹ仧ˣأҲȢһȥ

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ϣһòôΰǸ˻żСﲻģӺʾ۳ܣݳû¹˭
ҲΧǼƷʹһȦԵϽ㣬Ǻ⣬˵ĶǾ޸֮ҵýƸɲᰡССһӡ
֪Żɪ˰żɲ˭ܵǵģûеҵףҲ˼żҵţ
Ȼԭżҵ׵ģǮӣ
һƲ죬ϽҪСˣǮǸԣԺζУҪǮҹĲãϽҪȫǵġ
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ڮ٣װ˵ýԵһң벻ȫý˵һ졣Ͻôţ֪
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Ȱһ䣬Ϲϣ˵ףΰҲΡϹۣҲȥΰ
Ϊ⣬ĽؿһǴСƷתǰһЦҳɲˣǮҾܳɣ
һߣǮҸһϰһʱǣҲǮҽĺôӦס
ЦҲ֪ţ˵ԽţһԽܡ
ŸϵżǰŻ
Ӧŵżۿһæ˸ҾЦŹôүϹʱˡ
˵ţԺȥʼնûۿŸһƷһۡ

֮ǰƵбŸһۣŸơ
ʲôЯãôû˴ˣ
ʶؾ͸˽ȥ



27 
дظżԺӡȴ룬·ۻͷһۣסȥ·ص𣿡
ӱǺòûȥ׵үôң
б۾һۣţϴ˵ʲô˲ˡһĻܸɫ
ȥȥ۲ͷϵûеأôլɿǡˡĹأһˡҽ̣
㡭
һʱ˷磬ˣһƿۣǰֱլ
һ˵ţȥү
ǶˣãҲ˵ۿšҲЦ޵а
ǮҸʹӵƷҲһʱ֪ˣ
Ӽмͷһ˵ȲƿһȺѶү
˵ָæҵᶫ
ʱȫҲӭ˳ȥЦһҡӭȥ
ϣ˵š

ȫͬź濴Ϸһ֣ӭȥ
ôʱϷǹʱˣ
ȻصżҴ絹ýѽ
˵ţ㶶ľָԺӵĲأŴ绹һŮ޶򣿰˼ң񲻳ɣ
ϻȫ˼ҵû˵ؿǴᣬܱˡ
ȫɫһ࣬˵ﻰۿ˼ңܸɳH֮£
˵ţϺתͶŸȵ˭ģ
ҡɫһףҪ粵
ŪһԺҪżɣ
żҴ磬ôӾþսҲ侲ҡžЦţѵõĺһĸ˲ǡ
ϷأϽһԺӶ̧ߣĪﰭۣ
Ŵѽӷһ񵥡Ǯ̫үΪѡΪ˶ȢǮ̫үѪˣȿ񵥡
ȫӣ̧̧ߣ
Ŵ󡭡
ȫһȣ˵Ļᡣ
˵ǮǸ竣Ƕ仨ȫҲûȤˡ
أ𻰵ǿۡ
ӳȥ
ϣһУ˵־ӡ
ţӾһ˵ſڡ
ЩǽҪöˤˣǮүӲż鷳Ҳùﵽͷϡ
ȫӺȽһ
ʱﻹûϷˡȻûָҲöǿװȥˡ
ĲǮҵԸˣǰɣ
ȫһߣ˵ϷǺҡƼҰһϵƣĻʲôǮǮҵġ
ȥǮүӣ˵ҼѾ˼ңԵǮҵˡ
ӻľʹˣָϰʵ㵱ԸӦǸףҲӦǮң
ʱس̾һôôǳŪ
Ͻ㰡ҲȰһ䡣̲ضӵ˻һǵռһ֣һĳɱǮҪöࡣ
ٸװ⣡ӲŲһףһѰ˸
ǰָϰıӽеȫˣǮҿɲһ˼ңǮңԺøڵ޷㡣ʱ򣬱˵û㣡
ϰ岻ŭЦúúãϷҪǮôŪڵ޷㣡
Ҷӳȥ
ض˺֣Ҳǰʹ費ȫӡ
Ƭ̣լǰһƬǽ壬˿һ֡
ȫЦſӱܳլӣ˵ŵǰõϾǮڵݲ˵ֻ죬Ҳ治ġڣ治ˡ
ңǾƴϵɩӡƴʲôݣǷ๫ͽһݸĹܱ֮
Ͻ߰ЦֻּӱƳȥһ
˾͵öĥСˣɫͲ᳤ԡ

ӣָɫ˦žߴٵϽİɣĸҲûȥ
ȫ͵ǣϷȡ
ȫһۣԣ
ǻǵãϴαϻӲǱӣĸ˳ȥͲûǱˡ
֪һˣȥˣΰôһ˸żңܺ㣿
ǡȫ˵һ֡ȴǲߣҼΰͶô˵ϣ߸ðɣ
ңȫϻ£պ󷢴ˣɱĺá
ǣһ
ȫ˭Ҳܵýӣûһö

ٻȫ㱻졣żҲŲаתżϸ¡
Ұ֦ԴȰʦͣǹǳȫ⣬»ˣҲôõ׼ˡ
Ǳߣվڽϣ·˵İۺָָ㣬޲ðͷ񵽵صȥض˿Ƕˡ
ˣȥ֮ǮǱ߻֪νлǱˣֻҪǮүӱǨŭˡ
ȫƥҵţһ䲻۲ĺݻǱشһʹ˵ĺЦȻȥ


28 ֢֮
ߵǼΪģһ׮£һǰε
˸ҲҪȫϲǮ˸߲ҵؾͻˡ
ɼǾ񣬵Ҳ߸ĸ۵˵ֲϣһ׮ףǷ벻Ҫˡ
ĲȻǼ˵ֱӰΰ˵УޣֱԵ䣬֮ϡֱ˵߶üЦһͭǮ
ڵλݣٰĸǰϼ죬޲أͿȥżʽƸˡ
æЩʯͷҲ˵أԼҶЦúϲ£졣˵ǼĸȢĺס
ڸ쳣Բ˵ȼûʲôˣͷ¥ϣдġѧ
ʱɫƼĹţһӪ
Ҳ¥ͬ
ôһûˣһɨܾ˵ʲôϸ֮£ŻȻһ춼ûеӰ
ͷȻͶûʵ
һ߰꣬һߵǳȥˡ
˵ţͼһ˭
δȵˡ

һЦ治߶˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵æһꡣ
нžͼһӵĺþƺòˣʱϲüԣɷϷඣͳԣҲˡ
ֵ㣬ֲġ
췹ˣûϳԷҪǸϲ٣ϷһѹͷǶɢ˲ɡ
ȼֻȫ̬ҡͷЦֱǸͯ׻˵СС˵ľְɡ
Եļˣù̳еһơ
һڶ˳˳ɣ
ͷĻﵹһ룬գ۾ͼ˵סһ뻹ֶ̳ӣԹֵһ롣
¶ǣسһ
С治ȺöҲ
٣Ҳˣ
һεʮһҵĸͣܶҳ80ĹƣҲʮ̳
ǰŲȥ̳Ʒָʹȥ̳ʣʮ̳Ĺͱһ˹̳ӡҪƶͣϲ࣬ȳë
һָϣһʵļҵﰡҲ
ʻãһ֮£еĻˡ
еŶ˼֣е㻹ʣϷûأ˵ʲô˲ҹɼ
һˣ䨣ȥ˷լ
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Ĺ͡ľ塢ʿӳЩʱܲʹ˼ãֻǣȴǺ䨵壬˰죬Ȼǰסġ
֮ǣҲһȻʮֲֹۡ
Īһʹ
ֻһ֮ԵšϵԸºӡΪԼʲôӣЩܡ
Ǻζ񼲣ѵûлش֮𣿡
֪ʷأ䨴Ӿ֮ʱѴ⣬겡ʱ֪伲ΣĴҵһ䡣
ҡҡͷ˵õǷ֢֮겻󼲡֮Ǩξʪ֮أаֳ࣬ˮ鲻ѹаҩҽˡ
֢֮ȶҽĲƲ˽⣬֪ʲôǷ֢֮
н˰죬ףԭνԣǺʹ硣
ںҽѧһʹ粻
ĹؽԼͬʹ粢ɵģʵΪңʹйٻڶɵġ
ʹ翴ǹؽڼʵΪڵòƣһ䣬ҲпΣ
ǰȵĸҲʹëʱҽѧȴǿϲ֪٣ֻҪʱҩʳûʲô󰭣ֻȽˡ
˷Լأշ鲻ܲĹؽѾбΡ֮࣬ǺΪˡ
еĳȲĵʵ϶Ȳ𣿡
ƽʱߵߵģڵݵؽ磬һһҽβ˵֢ݳΧҲĽҽҩ
ʵ˵ϷǿΪģ޷ΣҲܲ񻯡е
ǣҪⲻҪǷ֢֮Ѿ࣬ʹļҹؽ鷳һҩʯ޷ϣһ񻯣Ѿȣ
̯ϣࡣ
̵ģСүǰѧʲô߷ӻѧҪѧҽҩѧã˵ŪʲôЧҩһ



29 绪
䨵һϣ˲ʤ죬жûл֮Ҳǰơ
ڶ죬ȫؾӦԼƼǣ緹׼ǿƷȥ
˻ûţͼһʮŻܽ
һǷ
ôˣ
ֵӲһ£СܵΡ
λıԸ绹ر
ɨ˼ۣһĴ㶣ɴЦŴһ¡
ôҿɲҶ磬һ
ǰȥļ̳ƣ״˺ϲֱתˣҾԸ־ඡ
λǣȫãʵ
ɲǵƴɻʲô磬ҿ˵ӻͦ졣
ŲܵλǷţʦӡ
ȫһǲǷ๫ӣæС϶۲ʶ̩ɽԭǷӡ
λҴδɣ¡̵ϲ
Ҳһ֣ϲʰ
ȵ⻹ʣ̳һô͵լȥԼòȥ
Ǹãһ֡׻˵ȥһˣл˵
εһ̯֣ղУ㿴ⶼҪˡ
ʶʵҪȥ
ǣһҾƷ
һҪǣ۾һĥ
Ҫɣʦ޷ǾȰҽѧҲ˵ʲô
ȫ˶̸Щˡ
˵ƴôü۸ߵͣǿǷ๫ټһСܶĹȥѡ
첻УյȶߣѹݸӪٴּáظ˺ģҪһ򾡡ԣҪԶս
ҪǸڣŲ̽ʵƷҲܲˣǷ๫Ҫ
òòãҡÿѾˡǸȥ͸ȥס
ؼЦôҡҪԼȥˣôѽ
ȥ
լѧͱﻵˣò׳һأȻܾôȥˡƲ챧Թš
ɲôѧǶѧһȤûСû취˭ǷͣѧҲѧ
Ǻðɣ
Ҳû취ˣλֻ棬治Լˡ

˳Ƽǣţ˳ǡ
ȫ˵ľƷڳϺӴ壬ӣݳ沽òСʱ
еĹٵϣһ·ϺӴȥ
һڴŲζĿҲΪ֮չ
Ϣںܵɽͷ˿ܼĳǾܲġ
˿ްɿްɿްɣ
ǿҲȨȥƣ΢Цֻʣ飬˺αػôǱ
˿ްɿްɿްɣ
Ծζ

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С䲻ţȴϿڣԡ
~ûȥˣ
˭ͦġ
»
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Ҫʡ
Ҵʲô

ߵĻ˻ȥ
ʾͲʣ㬵ţͷֻζλ»ɳ
Ǻʶ̫ãźƷ
ôã
״˳˵Ӣᡯд󺺴ɷأֻСû¶Ϳء
㶮ƨȷĺİ
˭˵˾Ͳܿˣ˾ͲˣҲҪһ档
ɷӢ۲ܿޣԭ
ȲңԭҰ̾һж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
૸òһָȣӺƣԭҲǸʫĸ塣һͬˣǿˡ
ȹЦͯġ
Сүɲʲô壡СүǡɨϣӺգӽƣۡ
Ī磡һֽУͳ˹
򣡡

ȫһͷ亹
˵ƴɿŸԣǼʶˡɨϡǿʫ
Ϸ׷꣬ȫԵΪǸˣ·ԼҲࡣ
ͯ޼ɡ񣬺ε껪
ɨϣӺգӽƣ
ʫдʼʵġŷ硷䣬ҪǸһĸöã
λɨϣ
Ӻգ
ӽƣ

ϧѾûɰµѪԺ



30 ϺӾƷ
ӺƣȰ״˴ǹ٣
ȴһ
һŽҰıɫ죬һЦ
ţ˵ˣ
׺常̸֮ʱ˵
ãӦӦôǹ٣
֪Ʋ졣
⼸길״üۣҲգ
ȿһۣȤͲˣڼҶ飿
һӺƣҡ
ת˹һеǽŵɣʡó춢ҡ
ȹЦԣֶԶްҪĸڼңĵùˡ
ʵϣУһĴӷʿ˽ʿ鶼ô

ϺӾƷϺӴһոĲҵҵȫȫǱסҪҲһгҵϢȫ֪
⼸꾰ãƼȫĹӾȻ·
괺ˮ㣬һ꣬ȫۼӾǼţԶ˳ҵͷ
ϺӴ塣
ȫӭӣ˼񣬾λڴͷľƷ
λãȻǼΪġ
ϺӴٺӶӣˮԴ㣬ڹٵҲ㡣
ҪǣﲻƳǰɱ߰Ҫڳ˵һֳɵľƷһǾƷĵƤҲϺӾƷļ۸ˡ
˾ƷȸǰԵͷ⴦ʮ⡣
ƷһһĶҵĿճľΧһԺӡ߸һżʮڴסԹٵıȥ²ɡ
ǰʱ¸ǵģõĶשϡȫȫȽš
ʱҲǷһ˼ġ
棬ֻһӦȫֻҪ־Ϳֱӿˡ
кţȥǾƷԺȫŴԺȲɵǰһ
ԭԺһСյأӡӰϵĶ໹ƫӣǰԺΧһء֡
ط޵
ȫЦ䷿ǴһסģƷⲻãҲͿˣļʲ߶µġ
һȫܣһţǰԺƵ䣬Ժͣ򡢷úʡ
ңƷٵƽУֱͨݳǡǰ׺֧ƽСûġ
ôݣˮŽǣȻҪ½·öࡣƴ·ֱӴӴװֱﺺˮɺˮϴ󴬣Ϳȫ
ǰԺ滹ڽƿ⣬ȥ
ȫҲ⴦طʮ⣬֮ԼȰΰƷһС˼
£ΰĻѳɶ֣ǣˣΰڿɻסƼͷءܲΰϱȢʳͷȥɣ
Ʒҵ֮ʱģ֪кԺסˡΰֱӰѴ˴鷿ʡ鷳ְѾƷε٣طǾƲ֪ġ
ǰԺĵؽѿڶеû£ֻ˻αϵľƸף룬Ƹȴ˿δ
һʵƸģ
ȫЦӦɲģ¾۲ҵȫѹˡ
ж٣
ʮףﻹʮףÿİٽ
ʮʮ࣬һǧ
ȫȺͱȫסΪһôƷ·
ˣæҶˣҪǶ¾Ʒƣҡͣ
ŰЩƱǮǶ٣һȫҪͣô㣿ʶһ䡣
ȫͷβһҧ³֣ģ
һٶ׹͵ģƷʺõģȫġ
ˣ⿪ƷĻ治ǮⱾҪҡ
ǮŲʮǮתһˣٶϸͣ200һ100
ȫһۣ˭û˵˶ᣬ׬ˡ
ĵȫǮѴƶҸǣôһĵģҲżʮĲ졣
ǲģ
ưȫȥǾǧᡣȥͺһЩԭϲٹĳɱʣµİǧǴ
ôȥҲôడ
ȫð⣬ǰһ׸׵Ĵƣ͹ͭǮ
ȻֻռһɷӣҪǮǣҪȫȥֻһɣҲа˰ٶᣬһƷŶǮ
ǰԺռؽĶż·Ӱ˵ĶҲŲҪİٹᡣټǧĴҲ١
˵ƷһǮûٶᡣ
Ҳ˵ȫ֪ʲôΪɴ˺ģһģһȫ˦㡣
һģ

æ֣岮ˣںǴǼ۸񡣡
ȫĵȻд̫࣬ɴƴˣ͡
ֻҪǶ¾ƷЩƾϷҲҪˣǼǵ㣡
¡
ͣ


31 ʫᳪ
ȫĵҪƷϧĴư͸ȡ
ȴûռˡ
һô˵ȫȫǱףΪ˰ʮǮѪ֮ףδЩ̫Сˡ
ȫϺӴػһǴ
Ҫ֪ȺȫھƷ֮еޣȴѪСн١ʱûˣѰЩͷƷ鷳Ҳǲܡ
ʱȿɾһ취ûˡνǿѹͷߣ˵ľ
˫ЭƷƣȫǮٹļ۸ȫ̶Ҹȡ
ǰг㣬ȫҪİٹᶼһû
˫³̣վͿɵùҪ׼㣬ȫȥͿͿ¾ơ
һ̶ȣµڱñȥ
·ϣȶȫԵݸƘأǸɴˡ
ȫһľȻҪƘأֲ׾ƣ
СȻû˹ܡԺǵľһУɾͲһˣ˵þмС˵ǡһһŵû
ȫ͵͵һԱķ˵㶼Ƿ๫ˣĸ۵ĸ鷳
ȿ⣬͵
ʦһѧģΪҲˣĻ֮ͭ˼ҵԺƷͽȫȨһܲ棬Ͳĺá˵
ȶһ£Ƶ˵ʦ٣Ҳ˶ˡ
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ֻҪ˰ԺǮʱȰǹ٣ϣ
ȫһҲԣ䲻̣˵ĵλҲƱǰһȣŻǲմΪңһžƘض¾ô˵Ҳʲô¶

˻صʱѾٽ磬Ҳ湻ˣȰȸطլ
ڸ״ˣǼµġһѵãҪٲȥһٰӣҲñѵùѪͷ
ȿɫ÷ٵһԼ˳ʱ洫ؼ峴֮
ζŲ˰żȳŸʳС
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ЦûôǳأЩ߰ɣ˾Ͳˡ
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ƫԺֻʦϣԺС
񣬾뷶һʳĳʳһһȡһ
䨿һĸɫȣԷЦϣǺøдڲ࣬пڸඡ
͹̬صҳСʲô£
˵꣬һؿȣ˵ܵȥŪʲôƷˣ
һ㶣ʱȻԭʦŸΪҲʵʵسˡ
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˵ʲô
˵ˣСһԺСӲ취㿪·Ǯ
һ͡
ϷԺҲò㣡ѵ룬Ի
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ֻϷԣһδ־ѧʮ壩ôһԺҪ£
ôϷأ
ȲˣСүí˾ҪһϷԣ
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ͱˣ˵⺢ӿͦģôɴ¡
£

ţ
۾һУһ֮ƻˡ
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ָֻϾƱ֮еĳɫȣŪǸƷΪƣ
ѽƿɻ⣿
䨵ͷǺþƣض
˾һָ䨣ʦ㿴˵ãǱضǺáС°û͵ҰԺɡ
͵һۣûûСҲָ𣿡
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䨹һЦҲȥ޴͡ʱ÷ҲˣΧֻȷȶˡ
ȰسʱŲǰĲʳ̫壬Щ嵭Ϊá
һ
ȼæ͵ĸҲù֢֮缸һηп˵ǣҩʯ֮ʳҲҪΪע⡣Ҫٳ壬ƣʳȣʳѿʣжࡣ
䨲ţֲҽרηʹ֢Щµġĸ֮ҲǶδٸ
䨺ͷͶһۣЦմԣϷҪܿඣ
Ͷ䨵ǹģ֮䲻ţҲȰҪʦ³עһЩΪá˵ţľƱ
Ҳ˰ɣȸոտ˵ƶԷġ
ްȼæеû⣬á׾ƲУһڶմá
ȿɲϹ˵ǰĸ׾ʹ磬ҲǷԣԶպЩ˽⡣
ʹĲһֽϳɴлӣ࣬йѪߣνᾧڹؽڻĤҡǼ֯Уʹ֢
ʳ֮УʺߵͲͬʹ粡˵ȻʳʺٵʳٳԸʳ
ʳĽƣʹ֮мΪҪʹٺõֶΣʳҲͽ͡

˵û£һҪǰѾҲˣǿȤˡ
ɣްͱȻһľƱȻһ˵ĳ졣
ȼȻ˵û¶ȻҲֹкҿ͡
һƳԲˣһһ䣬ûһ̸
Իѣ͵˵˽ճǵһЩš
֪أ˵ʫ档
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
Ŷһɣȡ
ɻʫֱףҲʧþ䡣ؼǣһֱѧջܹĵʫ͵Ȼиˡ

װȣ޲ðԴӵȥ
ƨʫ
ҲʫֻǼǡϷʣֻȽϹˡ
ɲʫᳪأ
زһ


32 ˿ްɣ
б۷񣬺޲ðȥǹӡ
ðɣûǹǾͿͷӣ
ﰵǰôûȻһŰ졣
Ŷ
ɻᳪ䨷¾Ʊһζ
ģ˵
˵ͻᣬûͦأ
Ŀ׷Źȡ
ǡ˿ްɿްɣ
ģǺţ˵ⶼʲô߰ġ
ΰķְʼȳˡ
ĥһЩС˵飬׮׮һǾΪ
ί֪ôѵˣ˵ʲôҲʦ
ŷͲע⣬šͷһۼ񡣲룬Ƕ͵Цᡣ
ǸˣȽΧѵƼȣϣֺαࣿ
ʦ³ĪСӣһĶϰúΣ
һЦ˭޷ʱϣͷӣҲֻϣִСͲʳ˼̻һĳʥඡ
һ죬ôͷˣ
淶ϾƣȰҪΪҲҪָʱռʳƣ㣬Ե˲ǡ
ɫͣſȣЦԵӵ֮ĵɿɶ
˵ҲͰѷƽˡ
Сӻ֪ġ
Ȼ֪ǻСٳָһľƲ˵овˣ͵ȱһСඣ
ԣԣһȳʱ˾
ûȫҪס

Ťһһʱ֪Ӧ˵ʲô
ͿȵҲʶ𷢵ЩʱˣһȻҪҳɡ
ãʦˣѶˡ
Σֻɤӣʼһʱɡ

ٵʱ
ߵ˵
ҳԺ
Ծ˵ҲԺ
һΧͣǻ
ϲϵֻ
ҹҹ˯


ķ񣬲Ƿͣ䨣Ĭķʣûȳ£ȫǲ֡
ǣϸ˶ġһʱߡ
͸΢΢ҡͷ˵СӹȻʲôϣǱˮȫо֮ԡ
ǣԵͳһǧ֮ġ˸衱渳͵ɫȴ
ֱ׵ĸʷ۠Ǽɬȥֻһ׻ֱһڷ͵

ֱ׵ĸʣƺ˵ľǷ͵Ĺ¡
γǣʱᣬ֮᣿
γǣҹ֮䲻ͣǻ
γǣüǿڸĵİݣ

ɥĸ״вµļ޳ɽԴ֮ߵÿһǼѵġ
ͯ£̽ѧʱżҹ
ȵྡھҵг֮ʱһķѾʮˡ
ϣھǵְǲдʫһ壬Ƕࡣ
ˣһҲҵˡ
ʱԼ͵̫ҪȥҪȥܶ
ƾ
ѳֳϱԣһٱᣬ㲡ڳ֮ʱû
ļרȨ֮ʱȺû
ﷸ֮ʱû
裬ļ͵Ľ죬Ȼҧ֡
ľ˷һ־Ͳ֪Ϊ̵˵Ӣᣡ
ǣĸﳪһһӵķ͡
㲣


ʱ
ȴ۾ȥ
ڵʱ
ȴȥ
εѹѹҺ
ʼúһΪ
ʼж·ڣᣡ

ǿջȸеʶؿһԵķֻ͡ȫֱɫҰףԲ֮Ѫ˿ܲ
䨲̾һϣҲˣҲᡣ
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
ٻȵʫ䨲ſʼ˼е⡣


˿ްɿްɿްɲ
ǿҲȨȥƣ
΢Цֻʣ
˺αسŵôǱ
˿ްɿްɿްɡ

Ȼθߵס˸衱Ƶ߳
͵Ҳ֮͵˶㣬ͨ۾ҲѹֲסĿʼʪ󡭡
ӯ
̵ᣬ˳ն£
žડ
Ʊ΢죬÷Ȼѡ
ڵһվΣһˣУֱ뷹Զͣͷ죬ˮٶ¡
ȵĸһϵеķٶȻϣԵķŷ֣״˲֪ʱѾˡ
ôˣɵɵ緶ʡ
һۣȻȳķô
ѵЩĪãȻؿ䨡ŷ֣Ҳе㲻Ծ۷첻˵ҲЩ롣
㶰ε䨼˶ԼһǿЦݡ
̫ߡǣסⲻףʰף
νʫδʣǴʣй̶ĴֻҪдʾ̶Ĵ֮оͿԡ
ȳоճĶ˵׵Ĵʣϲ̨ġ
áסѾ൱ߵˡ
лл佱һҲ˵ء
ʼʱ죬Ȼе֮ı֣ȴ뵽һЩͬĶҲ˲١Ҳ÷ԶƬ·֮أΨһķǰ̳
״˳𣿡ڻе಻塣
һЦҲԵЩˣȥɡ
ɡһûԱءȡȴǷĺ׾һ¡
߾ߣôϻ˵ţߡ
˸񣬿һ۷͵ıӰҲ˳ȥ
Զ䨼ѵ˷͵

˳ƫԺǰڰβסһͣŭȡ
ȣҵгǲǣ
ŶŭӣЩ㶡
磬զˣʲô𰡣
תһʵզˣ
ŭȣΪܸ˼£
ֱӷͨ˫ۣһõʵڸʦ£
ⲻ£ʲô£ŭš
һЦ˵꣬Ͳʣȥ
˶÷Ͳܿޣ֪ѹ˼ϵĵǶٵĳء
ǿʲô
ʲô˼ȵıӰкţɲ
ȻͣͷҲصĵͳˡ񣡡
һʲô˼
˾˾бѹʱ򡣡
˵꣬ȴ߳լ·ʡ㶵


33 
ƫԺ֮УͱŲ壬վš
ã䨷ϣˣ
һڵĶ޵ز˲ա
ǰˣ˵ţתصǰһƱһ
ֻԭζĹƣȴôҲƷ춼ǿɬ֮ζ
䨼ѵŲλһ󣬷Ȼж᲻ᵯֻδĴϣ֣ΪΪ񱼲Ҳˣ
ʦ³Цˣ
̸ЦոƴɣǵҲҪඡ
ԣЦСӣĵ
ܵǾãŵӦá
ʦ³ҪС˵ˣҿǸӵˡ
һ֣ҪãǼΪġ
˵꣬һЦһᡣ
Цգ䨽飬Ȼ˵֮Ҳơ֮ܿҲɡ
һʦ³Ǻ⣿ܼ֮ѳҲǲ֢֮򲻿Ա
ƽؿŷͣޱϲ
ֲؽ黳ҵܳŶãֻԼûʲô˵ģһִڰˡ

֮˵ΪҲ֪ڽԵʣԣỻһǶȥԼҲȥþ˵۹⿴Ǿ֡
ΪͰѾƱ㲵ɢŴݵĹԡ
ƴ˵ûҲû
Ǵǰ̫뵱Ȼˣ̫أѳÿܡʵأμ֮ϳ۲ݣʵʲôı䲻ˡ
ƴɳĸãķ꣬ƺˣҲˣмǿһ棬һ档ʹ㷶ϣģҲгܲ˵Ҳбѹһ죡
͵ͷ񣬰βЩʵصֻûһڣΪζһ顣𣿡
ûдʲôԴֱԵǹٰɣ
û㷶ϣĲҲһˣɵ㲻ôĵ飬˵ԴηǺ¡
ǹ١ãȻ̧ͷ䨣ҲϿСӵۣΪ֮ڳã
һЦҲ֪ƴ˵ĵǶǴֻܽȥС٣Сһ˵û
ʲô
ֲ볯˻ؾ
ǰϷ򲻳֣ǶܵǣȻһ̾˵ļȡ
δǵģֻαϱһִأ˰ɣøɹ͸ڵط
ҲӽѰ˸߾ãҲʧһֲӦ
һΰѱоһȻѾЩ⶯ˡ
ƺ뵽ʲôһЦϷǰոһԵͯΰ֡м䶼͸һɾʮӣԴ˼ټңҪĸϣתҪǣЩ˻ôϷأ
Цʱˣֻںʲôô̹ܾ⣿ģ
ܾ⣬ģ
֪ΪΣ֮ڶͬʱǶα׳ĸҲڷͷƲɢ
˿ްɿްɿްɣ
ǿҲȨȥƣ
΢Цֻʣ
˺αسŵôǱ

ǰ˺αسŵôǱ
ͷҵɣһһֱἰͷսʤһС
ǹ٣
Ȼһҧþȫһˣ
ȡֽ
һΪ
д࣬ǣ


վڸֵĵԣһô
֪ƤӶĥˣҲûȰʹǹ٣䨼仰͸㶨ˡ
˿̣ҲЩݵǰĴȥˡ
ղţȳ˷լһߣһ߶ȤζػζţԼһ׸Ȼѷ񳪿ˣȻ޹ԡȻʱղŶԡ
ڷ֮ʱͻȻ䣬ƥ߼۶ȶҼԣ·Դµï֦εʹ˵һҶӡ
عȣҪ׷űȴȻסˣһ㶵ư죬дĿɬ֮ζֻζһ¡ȻתͷԵĴ
һʢ֦ҶѾ˵ϡ
ȻѣСүôˣ
һĴȣҲȫۣƵܡ
һ·ܻУǰ壬ܵﻹƣʲô
ȴȲûܻƼǵһ̶۽еҽݡ
ͷͷδ
üͷһ壬еĻƣµʲôʲôϷֲ
ȣ˳شţҡ֪֪ôĲˣ
￩һ£ʶʵôΣ
Ƥ֧ϥǣӴƤη֢֮
Щϣһ˵ƤʧϷ򻹲֪Ƥ硢ʹ֮ЧҪһҡ
¡ˣͷ֪Ƥ
ϻƤҽ֮Ӧãͷ֪ܲ
Ƥ̵ܳĿ磬ˮѬϴпƽѢ缲Էʹ֢ȷЧҲޡ
ңƤˮ֮ڷؿȡ
ƫе㳣ʶ֮˶Ϸ򣿡
ʲôˮ尡ȼƤҪݾƲá
û˵ҡͷȤȱȱ
һ˦֣˵֪ˡ˵꣬תͳҽݡ
ûƼǣֱ̡ҪһЩУȻ䨷ʹ֢ķӣŪ

ǰĸ׵ʹëԵһҩǰ˾ƥ֣ʹзǳõЧֹʹףҶʹɵԼҲЧ
ǣ˾ƥִںܴĸãҪɷˮԳθд̼Ӧʱҩθˣȵĸ׳һʱͲٳˡ
ѸĸһƫƤˮȻһ£ԭƤоͺ밢˾ƥֵĻѧɷݲࡣ
ңȰ˾ƥֳҩõǣƤǷ֮ʽзӦˮᣬԳθƻ
ΨһõľǣˮƤ취ȫƤҩóɷݣʹЧһ㡣
һżȻĻᣬһλҽֵһƫõҲƤ﷽þݣˮЧǿĲһǰ㡣
ղڸֲ㱻ײϣȲȻ淽ֻڱΣҪⷽŪȴôףҪЩۡ


34 ɻ
Ҫģһ׵
ƤݾƣֻʮȵĵȻǲУҪﵽʮȵˮƽҪξƵĻϣж
ŪȻֻΪҩƣƻһЩ뷨Ҳ֮ͨʵ֡
ں㵸˰죬ŪҪʲô
ʵһǣһӡ
Ҫ󣬹ԽԽãж״ӹӵĳȡȻѳжμһƤˮ䣬ùӴ
ü˰죬ŵôŪĻҲѣֻǲˡ˵ţɨһۣյȶߣѹͭܡ
Цܸͭã御ǡ⣬СӶš
μȱͭԣٸϽͭߣжԲߣ֮ͭ£Žֹʱ䳤ˣֻҪû٣ٸҲһֻۣһֻˡ
ָȣ˵ġ
˵ģ
֮ȡɡ
Ȳ޲ɣֻ֮óƷ

ڶ죬үھ̫ˣʼϡϡСꡣ
ԭȫƷһ꣬ȾͲԸˡţѾˣһһҲûʲôֱ𡣿ȫȴɣҲҪѾƷ³˱ʡ
¾Уô׬һʡ
ֵ죬һֱ磬ʱʱ˿ϸꡣ죬ڰҪĶ˳
ȹȥһ⣬ǰĳߴĳߴģټ¡һߣһӹǶ˴ͭʵС
𿴿ȥֻߣʵһˣֱ߳ߣɿɻ⣿
޵֮ɫӾͺʱ䡣ŵݳǣҲҲܰѻɵôˡ
صĵ˵ͷͷǮ͹˵꣬ȥһ󳵣ģĶ˳ǣֱϺӾƷ
ȫϺӾƷ֮⼸Ծסΰڻһʱ䣬ƷԺļ˽öҲһӦȫ
˾ƷƵİŰѹֹϣˡ
ȥǸߴϣʵԭͲΪ򵥡
ֻǰѺ˹ǸǵϣʪŴǵıԵһֹ©֮ˡ
ν󷨣ʷеĲͬвġ
ƾķеˮͣԾƾˮһӹϵĹӰѾƾ֮ͨʱˮ֮иŹӱˮȴٴҺӹһͷǴȽϸߵľҺˡ
ĳֱĴװ˵ƣһ磬ųһС̳߶Ⱦơȳһ£ʮңѾǿˡ
߶ȾǮͨһᴿͷ뷨
һǣóƷƾȵЧʲߣҪķѺܴ
ǣ߶ȾƲʺ˵Ŀζ
ҾƣβûСľƣξƸߴ20ңɾεҲǺܸߡɼ˻ϲƣּоζйľƣŸϲ
ŨƳ֮ҩƾ͸Ӽˡ
Ƥ飬벼չУһȶı׾ƣչ޸ˮУܷȥɡ
ҩƿƷԡⶾסֹʹҩͿ׶ʹֹ
ҩƣϾáҲֻðһߣȹٸȥٿЧΡ
ʱѾ쵽ˣΰҲͷˡ
ȻʱΰʳϺӾƷңһ˸һģǷ
ǰݸۣӪһӪǰݰɽˣδ顣ϵڼң׷ˣܣǶġ
ѧѧûɶãҲϡ󣬻ǿŷ͵˸ȹٶͲһѧʵϡ
˳Թ緹ΰͻȥˣץ׳
һ
ߡ
ȥ˵ֲմˮô˿ˣ
ȺٺһЦɻ
ɻүǣɸӻ
㲻ǡȵˣ˵ȡɣ
ŭһֱȥ
û취ֻøϡ
˳˾Ʒһ·ȥ
ûд󽭴ӵɣ㣬аҲһɫʱģδĺ£̬
Ӱ㾰ȴͼʱʱ͵ֱֹۣ
κӣ˵ҪɻôôǸ˸ɵ¶
ţѾг࣬ӰƽϻȻѤֻһƬҰӰɫɷǺÿ
Ȳϲüң÷»̡̻
ȡѼݸһѣֻҪ¼ɣ
£㶵ؿ߽ԡ
ŸȼϽɻ֮ǰҪһȻûԣ

Ż޴ӣ޵ĸнš
ôӣôСĻװŪʲôʱ򰡣첻ˡ

֮
ϺӾƷĺԺ֮УƣæǰæӰ֡ںұϵķһţĿﻹһݹ˵⡣
յš
۲ΪϯΪڣˮʣлӭǡƻĳģӱСϢɱڼűʥ֮ѧˡ
ͼ˻ûȻһ죬һ졣ڻ֮Բ԰ӣԺ¶ʱ˵
ţȴȴӳ¶ͷµˣɣ
գ
һڵˮߣץľϵһһᣬ˳Ųһˮ
ˮˮ񽦣һϺзĴӴܣȴڳ֮УѰų·
ܵ˷ܵضȽеջķᰡⷨǾˣ

΢΢һЦһջ񣬾Ͳᡣ
׵ĵֻΪ÷ʱŪģûʲô档
ڹԵųģĺö


35 
ȶڹϣ֮ͭлĵɫҺ壬оֱð
ķ񶼱˹
ʵ̫ˣ
ŵɫҺӱһŨ¼
ɴ۾һĲ˼飬ʲôôô㣿δŵŨĻ㡣
ĿתضҺ壬¼͡
һᵽ¼ʶϵһƬףǰȲɻŪġҰ¼ȫǴ̣һֱֻ꣬òҪҪġڻʹ
ǲɻĻŪģ
šȵͷӦš
¼ʵҰõ壬죬һֱڹĵЩꡣ
ɻ֮Ҫˮһ죬¹еķӣͻˮӷڵˮ
ΪͲˮֻҪЩﾲһʱ䣬õ徫ͣͻˮֳ㡣
ʱȰѾͼӵ֮Уͱˮ¶ˮôࡣ

һĻȥҲͲٶš
к˳ӱߣһܻһʰз׽ĻӱֿǲŽоζ
æţΰȫˡ׽㣬Լ׼ԼҺԺһҰտ
ȫȥ˰죬֮󣬺ͷղһһĲ˼顣
ʲôôô㣿
Ⱥٺһ֣Ǯ
ǮȫҲЦˡǮɲǮ

Ӷҵôˣһ߿㣬һ̸ҲŻᣬ˾Ʒ顣
ȫ˾񣬡ȫѾˣȫǴıҡ
ȵ˵ͷϺӴżǴգʮ֮߶ǱҡƷϺӴ壬ӶԶ׽ڵ֪֪ס
ȫֵںԺ˴ΰжӣ֧Ӧ
ҡҡͷԺԺ󲻹ͣƷͣһ㲻ǰԺСĸĹ
ǣҰҼҴҲлȫһҧɴԶصĴҲл
ô˵ԺǾƷĺڣ㡣
ȫһһŮŽҲӪһ̣Ǵȫ˶˵Ʒˡ
ȲŴ
ȫһͣЩεЦЦǾȲ
ҲʶƷżռˣе㲻̫ʡ
ɨһۣ֪ˡ͵ŴȵȵȣҪǹһʱûʲô仯١
û˵ǣһĴǹѧµԺ϶ڵݣпܿڷ͵ϼݡ
ʱѧһҪŵġôǵҪڵˡͬʱ̿Ǳ߳ȣҪֵģŲĴӣʱȥտ⡣
ֻǣȻ֪ǵӣǰͷȥˡ

ҪҵҲ֧Ӧΰ̽Ž顣ƼǱ߿Թˡ
һЦҲʲô֮λҪǿϷֲŹ֣
ԣֻñԿЦ˫ﶼǿûʲôʶ̡
ƼǸտŵʱȾ˵Ҫ˴㡣λͶˣȲ͡ɣñѧȥ̰æҲˡ
ھƷûӯλϲԷƼǣֱΡ
ٵȵȿɣһ̾ʵڲУҲֻŴȻˡ
ڷͻȻоϵķһ¡
Ȳ͵תͷ򷶴񡣾ͼһ㶵ضź棬ŵϴİⶼ˳ȴ֪

롭ˣ
һˢˢؿ
ϸ֮£ȫŵһ¡Ȼˣңˡ
ֻϣƮһľϸ֮£ľϵˡںƮţһҲ֪ǻ
ȫ˽⡭컯֮£ôˣ
ӸľȻУܰǵסľͷ˵ǻģϽˣ˵ţҲ˲£ֱһ˺ӡΰ󣬷һҧҲȥˣˮ
˾ţ֮Ⱥΰĺ֮£ڰ˰ڷ񣬹˸ˮȫ˸˸ˡ
ȫſڵһˣŵֱ¡
ⶼˣˣ
Ҳüͷ壬ȷʵˮݵѾ壬ںһˣ
Ĵҵذ˷˹һ̽Ϣһ

磬ȥͷҲоȣ
ΰӦһƵĳȥ
ȫЩŵصˣôܻɿ˰ɣ
ȿľֿˣƶˮݵʱ̫ˣʧɵѡ
ˮݣᱻˮߴ£ʧ£ʱ䳤ˣͻݿˣɥˮʮСʱΣա˿ҲһˮȻҲˡ
Ҫк̧ȥȫһС
ﻹһ
ȻһӰƯȶ˵һ˺ӡ
ΪǣξµľȻǸŮӣ类ˮɢˣסüۡ
Ҳ˲ϸϰѾ۵üѡ
ϽûУɵڵϣڴڵشŴ
æŮ˷һƣɾг
üͷһ壬ǿŮǰһҲһ
ֻŮӣһ¾װ޳ιյ£ĿգüͷȻڡµ䱻ˮݵķףԲѿǸ˶
˳ԾǣŮ˵䣬һĸֵ
ôе񲻶ؽе
γ佣ȴԵЩйƼϡ䵶ģֻˣ
һǹˣһ֡ˡ
ŮһͲǹٸˣǾֻʣһ֡ˣ
ȰŮĸֵУüϸ
ֻ뵶ӵĵطĸӡС֣

ȵüͷøˣ⻹һʽ


36 ׿
ǾеҲע⵽ǼС֣Ӿ
ôһŮУǡ
֮һۣӶԷп⡣
ڵݵؽ磬þеģֻгӪһӪʿֵȱܲȻ浶ǹùģп˴ȥġ
ӪйӴģֻһˡ

ϰɽȲ˼ء
񲹳ңںʱܿǴӰ֮˺ӡƯ˰·;ŵ
ȵͷڿʮ֮˾ɽǻˡ
ô죿
ȾȻ˵ɣǲǵˣҲ֮ġ
ȥҼ
֪Ҫʲô
Ȼǰˡһǵˣѹù
̫еˣԹԵȥˡ
ȫȻͷһ̧Լ˳óһС̳֮󣬴浹һЩ͸Һ塣
ȼߣа˾ʮȡҩʣµĸ߶ȾƣŪġ¼Ū֮ˮͻ¶ˮó
ˮѾƾּһЩͽȥƣůһܲ
ʱȫѾ̧ôǽʵʵ
ȶƹһûѱѪ붼Щûסӵϡ
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37 һڸ
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ҩھƷ͵͵ġʱֻǵһףͷˣƵģһ硣
ôһ밡˵ɾ͸ˡ




38 ҵЧӦ
᲻Ȳ˵ͷһҩƣûǺġ
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˵һ㲻٣ΪһΪٶ֮ˣȻֻһǧ⣬һֱѰҩһֱܵý⡣

ǴΪ˾֡ν⣿ȡ
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39 ·
֮ǰֻһ뷨мʶĿ֮ģôڣȴǳĵ̣ˡ
Ϊʶڹļʶ֮ϡ

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˵Ȱʦǹѧһ̿ʼѧһֱ⡣ѧ֪Ҫǲһ·ʦǲᰲĴǹٵġ
ŶζһЦƴɻ֪ϣѾȰˣǵ౾ҲѾȥˡ
뵽𣿡
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·ˣ

˵ѧʱ䣬ϺӾƷһĴ󹤷ʱһأͽвΧžƷ档γ˲ҵģȻֺǿҲӲ׼γͶᡣ԰˵ֻкôûл
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䨼´ʣ˵ŷ֣ȡʡȫһ˹ƵĿ
۲۰
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ֻСڿʼεĿˡ

֮ȶԳǣֱϺӾƷ
ΪԾ׿˲˽⣬ŷ֮Ĳ޵̬ΰ˵ʲôҲסھƷգΰӦ
ԼĪҲָĲˣȾãȥһˣЩ飬Ҫ׿˵塣
˾ȵףͷ͵ɣ



40 ˭ɵ
ȲһϵĲ֮ˡ
µǸɢһ־òҲĶ
ܴԽڶͬһëǶšµһ̬硣
һӡ
ԣӡ
ԽǧԽУվڸߴ羰ӵ۹⿴顣
ӽǼʶ˴εεᡢε壬Уΰյļࡣ
һ˽ˣӵеһɾԼ²ʵҪ󸻴Ȩ㳯Ұʷ
ǣܿϧȲ˽ˡ
ڼʶε֮ԾľͰԼˡ
ʥˣ
һΪΪĴ֮ˡ
֮ʶһʱŷ֣Ѿ·ߵ̫Զһͷβġ
ˣ
ڣȾӲͷƤȥԼ鷳ġ

ϺӾƷ֮УΰͼһͬھƷԺӣԺġ
Ʒҵڼ͵֮أҹСȻһڹǲˡ
飬ںԺһרͣȰѽ¾ƶҳ֮ݡ
ţͺͨѾָ룬ΰæǰæģҲŴ֣һæšȵ˼æǰͨһȻݵڵأŪôһ㶡
ϣҵһݣ
һҲû˹۴β
֮Īһݡ
֮ͣʲôġȸæѶ˷
һ۸ɻһ˾۶֣˵©졣
ǻط˵ӴȥѾҲй˵ţȾͳ˾ƷźӰ߳ȥԶ
ʵȴɲţΰͰ̵棬ֱ˵ͶѵĿˡ
˵β˿Ǩͽ֮жǮصȱȽǣ˾ռˡ
ΨһȽϸȤǣƴС´˵ı¶ڳˣǻǸС¶һ棬ǿΡ

źӰһζͣʱӺ;׿ûͺͺţ
ţ磬ԭھݺΪũ
ýж֪ţɲũǴġ
Ŷ
˵Ǹ֡
Ϊˣհ֣Ҳܻڷ԰ɣ
ţȦһ졣
֪ȥǴˮǵصģգۼûˡ˵һĴ󻧣Ҳʲôûʣ¡ݶ֣ԲϷֻõ
ʲôʱ֣˶Сġ
ﻹʲô𣿡
ĸڣ񡭡ɽ
˵ҲǸТˡԼˣܹ˵ģ㲻ˡңҲ֪⺩ţôӾݴġ

˵ţӺ;׿ˣҲͣ˻ͷ
¾׿Ҳţͺһףûվͽеɱˣ٣
׿һ㶣תһ֣л
²۵ˣˣ׻ˣ֪ô鷳Ͳˡ
ģҵ޴󰭣뿪ǣ
ҲǸ˼Щִ١סžǣʳ
׿׿֪Ǵ֮ˣΣҵҲˡ
Ϊɶ߲١
׿ҡͷҵˣɽﻹʮףҾ
Ժôģ
ԣã
׿ȻǴȥˣֻƽϡ
ȥǿɣ
ʵȲҲ֪ϼҴڣ޼޲ȥǻȥʲô

һĬĬˡ
ˡһ̾
ƷȱӶǿԸɽе׵ƷЩܼ֮£ܺùأʳ
ţһ¼ѣ
ô޼ҿɹ֮˵˵ǵӶֻڷԣҲˡǱƲѣ˭ҲԸԴڿϵӡ
򲻿ɣ׿壬æеҵǣ
һЦ̸ǣҲֻͼİֻãǵı£Ķпڷ˵ţ˵ɽﻹˡϼҴڵģߵĶȥھƷŰɣ
ǣһٱҲо¶Щðա
İɣϺӴɩӵı壬״һ֮ףû˻ǵĵסֻҪǹܺԼҡڵݻû˻鵽Ʒ
ǲУ׿üҡͷﲻ٣ݸҲҪ㻧Ȼ¶š
ȺٺһЦõˡ
˲ע£ȇNɪƲ˸ǣ֪ݷϣҵĶʦǰһǵһˣʦҵӡ

׿ӡţһۣһĲ˼顣
֮治У๫׷ɽҴڣǵģȴǷѧͶӡ
Ⱥͷӻ治һĶ
˵ҲٺǾˡ
ôˣԼʲôʱúӸţɽ˽ںԺһȹЩʱշˣŲڴ￴ûпеլӣϼ١

һʱҲû⡣
ȴ˵Ȼõĳ·Ǿ׿壬һǣȡ
ڳ֮ʣͼΰҴҵغѰ
ΰɫص˽ǰҵˣ˵Ųҵ˸ţŲˡ
һôСүմţƣ˵ĸڵݳܺƵģôת˴Ŷˣ
˭ɵģ
ЩҲס޺޵ʵ
ǮҶӣ


41 
һǮҶӣʱ˴ţȢײɣҲˡ
ʱ䣬¾δУȫȴͿʼıˡ̳ʮ꣬ȫĻ᲻Ҳĵ
ȶһƳȻװС̳д󻧡ʳ̡¥һһȥ¾֮ǰʹšңڸ¡̵ǰĿճ³¾Ʒڹ·Գ
ĺȹȲ಻ɬʽƣ
ȫ֮£¾ƻδУѾȫݶ֪ȫ¾طռУƵĸ¥ûѸ¡̵żƽˣ¡һʱ޶
ֻǶ̶̼죬ȫӵ¾ƶаǧ֮ޡȻûѾƶҳƾѾʮȥ֪¾ǺεȻ𱬡
ȫˣȴˣһǮҶǮ
ǮڵĸŴ󻧣ƺ񣬶λ̫䣬һ׽ʿڳ̫ʵĸλνͥԺա
ǮӿĸŴ󻧿żҵĸȫΪ⣬ѹŮ޸һӶǮӼΪˬټӴʵǮĺȻͰżҺˡ
ȫҡУ¾ƣǹǮĻֱӴżͶ˸¡̵š
ȫⶼûˣȻۣ֮뽲ɣˡ
ǮżƴҲߣ޿ֵضŸ¡̵ŶȫԵͷͷ֮
ΰԭί
ݲȶ룬ΰܡΣơһ壬ŲԿ
׿ü˼ӵ˸ɫ⣬׷ȶͬ
ȼӸ˹ĵûϵ𣿡
ǳͨӷôҡڵؽǣ±ץ
ģû˼ҵݡʦòĶҸţҲиӦ
ãҲĽˣֱӽҴɾǡ
˵û£޲ɡϰ֮ˣڣҲղ١
һֱȥñ٣ҺͺӸȥŲ￴
ΰͷֿ˼֡Ǯײɣºˣʲôʧ
һ·Уδǣͼӹٵϻ˹һ㶡
Ҫȥأ
һҲǰһãߡ
ǿۣԵʵ𼱻ǵĸҺòܳģ׽зԲҵǶٰӡ
֪ԣ׽һ裬㣡
Ⱥ˵ԭίҲͲˣػ֪ġ
˳ǣһ·ǶȥҪȥٵΰҲˡ
Ǽ΢ǱһЩ˺Ӻͼȸ⡣
ݵģСүҲݵģ
һ߼ߣһߴյߣӴ磬ܴ򼸸
һ£תһЦֻ˵Ҫ˭ɣѰҶͣ٣١
ãҧƺȣһӴָҴֻҪˣҵš
ԲҡͷЦˣǻʲôȥ
ȴˣǵǿġ
ӣת򷶴ߣܰɣ
һɱƣ㡭
񡭡ûܡ
ֻ˵û
Ӷڲ֣ɡˣʹоΪұݡãǵðԼһ¡
ϻֱ࣡˵㲻ҾˡȻ̣
ˣһһߴű¡һ䲻̲Ự
ʱ·һ˶յӻ̯ӣӸһͭǮ̯ϳһһ߶೤ߦȡ
Ǻ࣬һҧҲһһȻš
ʹ˭˵ӲңǸHǮ
Ȱ͵Ц˵ȵľ䣬ɲҿ㡣
ǣ˳ǳг˹һĻֻĸŸ죬䲻ȵ꣬ϵʮ׳ӣµδŹڵܽ꣬Ҳ岼ڽ
׵شǶֱǶȥ
һߦȡ

ң
һûҵͲܸͣ

¡棬ڿνһƬǽ壬ִ߹һأӻɢһ֡
ǮĺŶȣڽֵеһŽ֮УߺָһڶͰѸ¡ҵĿȫǡ
İΧһȦȴ˸ǰȰ衣ǮڵǳĶԣżƣ˸ǡ

ʱ
븣¡ԶһŲĹ۸ȺŸ¡ǱߵĶ
ͷȥܹ𣿡
ٵȵȡͷĲͷһͷǱߵĶһ
Ǯڶǲݡȥ߸͵ˣαϴǮҵĸùͷ
ǣҪǹ֮ǰ˵ǲۣǾòӦϹۡ
ͷһӣȵǲֱԴ
ڵݴ죿Ǯڵʲô
˵ţɨһҵûȵǮӣҿ˵˴ǳʵ¶ȥˣ˵ƨˡ
ǡһ
û£ͷһƲǮûӣǰͿɲɵֵзִ硣ҪͷھͲôȫȫβˡ
˵ţֻԶмɫƵĺӼж
ͷһü˵ǲǷ˵ôһһ飿



42 
ȫСһӣôһʱͿǮɷأ
¡ǰһڳԹȺΧſ֣ʱʱͷӶۼ䡣
ԼģǮҡҡЩŴ󻧲ѡǰѹŮƵǸӶ
Űɣ⻹꣬ǮˣүҴӺܴأȫؿеඣ
ҿǸˮŮҼҵģǱЩĺãͷ¶ģ˲֪ÿΣЩӸܲǣ

ʱŵڽԴᡣǮҶڵŰŶϲʱ֮г˷ŭί޾Ŀ־塣
ֻⳡ
ΰɱǧģô

ڽеǮĺһһĪˬ
ǮĺϵŮˣҵòҲñ˼ʹ졣
һ̧֣нͰѻɾ͵
ٺ٣Сǿ޶ÿأⶼ˿ʱˣǷأ
ǮĺϾһ峺ơ
ǺþưǮĺžζϧϰôõ⣬ȴˡ
ңˣҿ˭¡̲򣿡
ȫǴ죬ûǮͲ𣿡
ǮĺЦЦڵݺǮҽ
ǲǱ
Ǯװװˬû˵꣬;ǰһӰƵشڽ¡̡
գ֮䣬ȭཻ֮ڶȻԼ́ͷ˳һˤڽϣֱ
һû뵽仯
֮УһķΰĵΰϹȳˡΰǿҺǮҶ֣
ʲô
Ǯĺһ͵ֱӣǾ
ûӦͺ磬һӰӱһߣα޴ǰ֮ǮĺƷɳȥ˸ǰŵء
ϣĸ۵˵͵Ϯӣ
ȡ
ûǮĺߦȾͳȥ
޴ظȺ棬һڴ죬ڿ࣬һҧɫػССҲһӵϡ
ĸҪĸҴ򱾡ϣ
һߦȥǮĺ˲ҽУǲҽС
Ǯϣ
ӹ˭һһߴߦк
Ϊˣ¶ϣȴһҪôҪô¡
ˡУҾͶ¡
ԹȺڿֱ죬˵ôûΰƴɶǺݽɫӤֱ۴ϸߦȰǴϣö۰
ϣǮĺһϺףɱһزҽУȴû
ϡҪɱˡϣ

л˵ʡ

ĿɲȣǷſֽŵļ
ʼе֣һߦȥӲľϵĸо
˵ô֪ôˬߦյ÷𣬱ֻݣꡣ
յò񫣬ýŴרǮĺĺкСѥǮĺϲȰȰĸо
ˬ
ḣ¡ǰս˲䷴תһǮͱһߦյãӸƶɽ֮۴ȭȭȭ⣬Ǯ۲ǵɶӦ
ǱߣͷۿÿڵɿڴӦ
ͷǹȥ𣿡۴㶵š
Ǿе㲻ʵǵķӣ
ͷһ飬ʱæҵؽе죬ȥţҪ
ǴߦȿǲϸһãҪ˰
ƵسսȦͷֹӣ飡
յˬĿ
ͷʱɫһڣҲǣҲǣΧŷȣҹǮĺֱתȦ
ǱɹǮĺۼ⣬ϳͷʹУͷҡ
˭ôҲȲ㣬첻ȵһHͲ֪Ϊʲô죡

ͷ˵ҵĹӰǷ๫ĶӰôоåƵġ
ǿ˰ѷʺƴ·һ˴ִˡ
ȼҲˣͣ֡ΰڰǮ۴¡֮󣬾ȥδˡ
ȻûˬǿۣǮĺĺ̤ʯʹһš
̬ͻۿƣΧ۵Ҳһ꣬ΪȵʹǮĺ蹫ӰԽкã˿ֲ¶
أƴɺΰ̯¶ˣǮҵıɡ
㻹˵ʵ˷Ҳ˵ġ㿴ǮģǮ̫үǶϲˡ
˭ҵģô۵Ľ
ͷ֮ˣͷģӦͷС

ԹȺڶȼ߲ƣΨǮĺɵڹ
ǮӳôҲûԹȴ
һգͳۺͷݴУͷ⼸˶ץҪǵԴ
ŶŭһǳԲǴ򰡣ҪȥȴôҲ۵ܱˡ
ߣҲһЦǮ֮ǰĻ˵ûûڵݵؽ磬ǮҾ
ӵôҵԴ
ݣһߦǮǰ˲Ŵӡ
ϡǮʹУ۵һڣ³Ŵ
ȿɱȼˣ˹ȥߦأ
ȿȣͷεɤӣǮĺʮ˴һ顣ô㷸ܲܲӣ˵ĺݸҿģһ
δã۶ϣͲǮӷˣͷ̲ص
ǮĺһģӲܺߣͷôףȳˣ
Ъ˹شУ˦ǻƽʱŲ۵ǮǰɣץʵĸץԺһӶҼõ
󵨣ͷһȣ̡ٸǮӿ֪Ǵ
ƨǮĺҪ쭡
ˣͷãɵ˵ȥˣȻȫ©ˡ
Ǯĺ£ẓ̇Ӧѹظã
Ǯĺˣͷôһĳ̬̻Ǽˣ


43 ǮҲǲĴ
ǮĺãؿͷͷֻǲɨһۣͲᡣתһЦǸ׵ӣĪҪŷԣСһ£ϰһ

ӡ
ļӣ
ǮǣΧҲͷɵǮңҲҪͷĵӵʲôͷ
ʱĻעǮĺڷŭͲУǮӲ뿪˸¡ֱ̣á
ͷɵˣ԰ģֶԷ֮ǹӳ֣ǻҪɵǮ¡
ô˵Ϲ
ʲηһ֣øȥɣһҵ˵Сĵ㣬˵һ䣬Ҫÿ
һܴģ·ͷųеСħԱ
ͷͷӦţӷģС֪ô˵ͷеġ˵˼ûߡ
ֻ˻ý֪֮£ǮʧȣϾ
Ͼʲô
ϾǮ۶ˡͷָŵɳһƬǮۡԣ⼸λѻظʸȻСľ˵֪ݴҲý
ͷҪ޿ɺǣʶؿȣоͰѾȨͷ˵ƴߵʲôʺˣôͷ浽һȥˣ
Ҳ飬ߵӺΰߵӴȻؾƷɣ飬
ԵһӷȻȥֵط
ŲȥʸҲòˡ
ͷüⲻ̫ʰɣ
ҪѼ˴ظãҲ˸ۡ˶˸ã๫ߺýǮǱҲ˵ǡ룬Ǯ׷Ҳë
ȻûʲôǮȻŲ˵㣬ʵƤ֮ˣȻҲûͷҧˡ
ҪǸ󺺺ΰüǮ۶ǴˡҪץľˣҪǷˣһٸѷӵǮǰף
ʲôʵģν򶼴ˣұǣ
ͷû취ֻ÷źӺΰ뿪ŷע⣬һСһǮۣȥתǮ̫үá
۸£ֱ˻
ˣǮ̫үֱȥ֪ݴ˵ĸۡɡ
˵꣬ͷó·ŷȳֵݸȥ
һڳԹȺڿһԿ϶ƼҴɺΰӦſɽˣ๫Ӷˣ

ոջֵ÷зĸ¡ǰգһգǽ壬ٿһµӰΨи¡̵ĻƼƽϢŸɨ
˲Ըȥľ۵һСֹ˵ĴҲǲ²๫ӵ
ʱȺ֮һˣؿǰ̽ʵСӣǹʲôôͷΪɵƵġ
СĻƣ̧ͷһӿԭHӣ࣬ôĶ㣡
СɤŲСŪĴΪ֮һͣˢˢ˹һӣ͵ЦӻûȤʱ¡̣ⲻ
ûŸšǮţ˵ȫȷŪӡձϳŵĳ裬Ҫһ
ʵˣһֱȺ͵͵ȫӱ֮ʱӻ⣬˵³żҳԾͷǻҲ
ֻתһûע⣬Ǯͳ˱۸Ǹ
вˬͬʱҲʼͬҲǸӡǺˣʲôǲʱٱҡ

Сб۵ӣֻҪɵӶ֪¿϶
ƷԻ˼ʣҲ˵үͷ
һͶĿвƣɫһףСӺúõʻγϿˣ
Сһ˻ʲôģⱨӦɣ
δȱȱ˵Ͳ˵ǣˣһ˦䣬ת
˵ëô˵ʲô˵ģС¸㣬֪ݷ๫ҵӡҵǮôӵԴ
̧ȣСĻһˤڵϣ๫ӣ
ˣ
Сһ仰ŵðҲˮͣýϵһ˵ȳը˹
๫Ĺӣѹƴɺΰһ޿ֵӣǮԣԭз๫ҵĹӳ
Ҿ˵ͷôӣǮ˵һ䲻ǡ

ӽɫײβź޺޵صԭ˷๫ĸ֦˵ôţ
С鼥ЦϻǹܺԼɣЩǵﲻģ
ϹҲסˣǺ̫磬๫ǾǴ٣ټҵĳ購ڵݴãȷ๫ƨˣżҡңǸƴɵĺÿ
׳աСһƴѾ๫˵ӣӦٵүҵôǺÿ

¡ͨ
ֱ˵ϣĿ޽࣬ҡ
ԹȺڸǸŴ죬¶һӡ
ƴɳ˷๫ġӣ
Ŷ~
ȻһĴȣѹȫ˾ѹŮ޸ΰ˱ƴɵĴȣ
㿴˼۹⣬ѵͿƴɲǷˣ
๫ĵӰ๫һôͿƴˣ
ƹɫҪ֪Ҵ˷ʦţǵôӷصĳɣ

ĴγղС㲻ƽò䱸ϵʹУµƽΨһˡ
ˣ
е̳˭
һԻ̣ŷ壻
һԻϲ˪ģϣġ
ܳΪ͵ĵӣȲƽðֵ˵һ춼Ϊ
Ǯң
Ǻǡ
Ǹƨ

֮ϡ
½̧һ˫Сζ߶Уʹ۵ͷ󺹣Ҳһ˿͵
һΣͬʯһ㣬һ
Ǯ̫үüͷȻ¡
ոռͻ˵Ƕ˴ˣʱڸãȥˡ
ǮڵݵǮĺȻһЩû˸Ұô㱻ˣͷһء
ŵӹǮ̫үˮ
ҵҪĸ֮ͽҴҵıӣϷÿ


44 ¾
Ǯ̫ү˷լ;ӭΪܳ
ֻǽլǮĺòΣ֮ǰһȻԵõģ֮һ˿
뷶๫ΪҼĺϳͶͽ
һͣݺݵص˷һۡ˵Ϸһû뵽ˣҪӡͽܲƨɡ
εɤӣǮĪϷҲδ¡
ʲôģʵ壬ˣ֮Ҳѷ๫оǡ
⡭
Ǯ˿֪Ǯĺڵٸ¡ȣ
๫ģǮҾ๫һٵĲƻռ⳥ȫ⡣
~ˬС졣Ǯ˲𰡣
ҲǲмһЦ˼ҵ߼ǲǮˣҲ£Ҫ٣Сү㣡
Ǯ̫үʵɫࡣ
๫˰ɣͽǰҲ֪ڸģ粻ϳͣǻ˵ã
ǮԼǡ͸͵תȶ˾һұ죡ҿƤˣ˻룡
һӣȻһ޿ֵӡǮ̫үͶ޵ֱСӾͲ㣿
ҿ˹̣ܽɢˣΪϷüҷ㣡
๫ԼǣȶͽӦ
ҷ
Ǯ̫үһŷӦоһ㲻Ѱζ
ʵµ񣬷Ҳûʲôˡĳ޷˶ӣһǷĳĲТӴһϷĵȡ

Ǯ̫үǰһڣΪʲôԼլݸá
ԭ֪ݴ˾ͽ׵
˾ƨ

Ǯˣ㿴¡һûˣ㻹ͷһء
Ǵˮһ˲һˡǮ̫үԴתûͦġ
ȻǷ๫ĹӺ͸㣬ҿ¶ᣬɲʦڡ
;¿һ֣Ǯ˸壡
ҵҵ
ǮӵһӦҩϷе˱Ǹ⣬Ǯ˲Ҫƴǡ
๫˵Цˣĺдȣ๫Ʒѡ

ȿͺǸ˾̫ﲻ̾ʦȻԴ޵й⻷ԼţߵҲֵס
һƽϣ֪ô򵥣ʱӦôһҵǷͣ˵ܶһٰӡ
һ˷粨ôȥˣǮĺװʮδ죬ɱһװˣǮһȫһǮ˶Ѽˡ
ʦӷ͵飬Ҳ˲ߡȫݶ֪ƼҴɸǸգƼƹܼûֻֻ֮һɳˡ
ĽͬʱҲšҵĵ۹Ŀ࿴㿴˼۹⣬ôû䵽Լͷأ
ȡ
Ժܷ֪ܲȷǣڿ϶ſˡ
ͿɲŻˣǮ̫үһ١С⡱Ⱥͼƨɴ˻
֮죬û˯ſš
ڷַ⽨ҳɣǼǴ𡣵û취Ʊǿʱֻˬˣ뵽԰ӣ
ſڴĥ졭
ôģȵأ
뵱ʱΣˡ

ʮˣ÷зĸ¡¾С
ȫȵ⣬¾ͷһʰۡ
ʮϣ¡ſŶƵİվͰѶֶ˸ˮйͨȫһӣǰһϳԾƿԾȻϣչǰ

˲̾öɶˣǵǺεȼ
֮˻֣棬һȻͷһ㡣֮󣬸ǾĪ
ķϣġ
û
⼸ȺƤҷġ
¡ʵߣһңһרΪĸǺ䨡
λţ˰Ŵ棬¾벻ѡ
ȫųӵ¶Ƶģֵúϲ£졣һӣۣ
һȴŻˡ
ֻһʱ۳ȥ¾ƣһǧٶ
ǰ۰ôȥյ֮ʱǧֻһ600ᡣŵȫϽ޹ķʽס˾ơ
ˣһ㣬ͷУ¾ҲǧֻһĹ򣬾Ʒʮȥһȫ۵ĲС
ȴˣ˶Ƿˣȴ̫ˣҪñ֪˵ϻ鲻ɡ
һͨڣƷȻ˲٣Ҳ״š֮ŵݣڽض֪ݳһ¾ƣƾмƷ
Ȼ˰ӣȴáһжõķչ¾һڶ죬˿ʼ⼸ȶȣԺƽսٹỹǲ⡣ʦҲʵңԴȵƤҩ֮󣬲Ҳá
⻼ҩټ򣬼ϰҽʳ䨵֮ǰѾ٣ƫԺ߶һȦ
ǰӺͺţҲɽдһףھƷ֮С֪ȫ֪ݴ˹ϵǳȻûעȺ·һжõķչš
ֻ
ȡ벻ǣһƬƽԶǧ֮ľʦ⣬ȴΪ͵һǳʣһˣ


45 
ʮһ
ŷ޵ĴӢ׶ءİ衢˹ȵĹģˣ֮ĴΣȴѾһ˿ڳĳС⡣
ΪεĶǣǾԵľúĻġȻΪҪǡǴγȨڡ
ڹ֮ڣʡʡʡΪεġÿ춼ĸᱨڴˣͬʱҲĳ·ȫ
ʱ糯øְܹԱæµǳȻ䣬ֻ֪һ£Ҵҵشֵ˳Ժ˸һСܵĹݴѧʿֲ
˲üΪ࣬ˣʧ̬ҡ
Ҿǻ㱨ҲӦĶͷ˾ͬƽ³ִвŶԣֵܵȥ
벻ף๫ҲЩļǵسŶûɫһ
Ϊִʧ̬ɺͳ
˼ͼֲʲôͳˮصˣ
ֲһ㶣ʲô¶ˣ
ֿ˵ţһֲ
ֲһ£Ƿ¡أΪ࣬ûʸµġ
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ֲ£һӣʣݸ౨ûɣ
ǰսһݣϣĻΣ񻹱˸ͯ˵ʮ꣬ͨϣȴ֪´ƣպǸ֮ġ
ߣֲһߡǰɾʮ㣬һµӣ֮תҪӣ
һüͷø
ڸʲô
ܸʲôˣҪ࣡
˲产Ȼ˵ϣΪҪŹټҾͷ
ˡټ벻ϣģܷǣһ֪ټ֪ϣĸ֪
ֲЦżԹټҶ̣ôһƣ˳ɻľͻˡ
һֽС龩һʰľҶˣ
ĵģһ㶼š
͵֮ʱֲµֵ֧ġ֮޷ΪټؾȨļ£λ󵹸ˡ
ˣ˱֮󣬼ְֲȨѹ֮ȫϵ˵ط䨱һٱᣬЩݣǾֱʡ
ǰһʱ䣬µոձ࣬Ѿǡ֮У֮ݵģͼͽҪǷͻ˾ĺã
ô죿û⡣
ô죿ȳȥټҵķӦƽϡ
ǳִУȻԷ˻ʮ־ġгִڣⱾ౨ѹҲѹ
Ҳ޷Ļŷ͵౨ˡ

ִп͵౨Ҳطǳ˵ﻰǲ÷ͻصġ
ȥǳȻԷϣ·ŸգǶʡǳ籩֮л˸顣ͻس˵ûܳЩʲôӡ
ǣִвǼСˣ͵౨ǳʸټҵģǷ͹龩񣬶Ӧɹټԣ౨ͳʵǰ
ڻʵۿݴǳʣͬɫ粻һӦǣⲻϣĵ硣
ǰյӣ˵һаãټҷģ˸ֻͯ죬ҪǣͼҲ̫ˡ
Է͵˽⣬ˣֶԶҪЮʵ۵ˡѵǸ֮ĲڵطȲˣ
ɡҲĵȲˣų²ߣڻؾ
ǣڻֻܻʮ꣬׳꣬λϣȴѾʮĸͷ
ʮλͳ̫ʮٳ̫̫ĳ֮֮֮ȥ¾֮ʱھһΣеĹؼǷ͡
ھ˵ʵ۸֮ĲػΪǿҵķԡ
ı£ʹԷءٳ谮ʱҲҷؾ
ִ׿£ɫ䣬ҲѡҲһʱİѷŪؾǸͣûĳãҪˡ

ΪΣ˼ãƵִС
ԡ
ǳ
ûˣ䵫˵޷
Ϊɴǣ಻ܻؾ
һ̾˵˵û˵

һּط֮룬ѧʿ¡һǶǵּ⡣ִ˵ɴǣҲܻؾ
ּȴһʮȷźš
ִһĬãּ
ּ
˵ϺãҲ˵ϻ
ټջЭˣû÷ϣĻؾǣݣȴζǳ
ݵشϸ֮أͨ͡ݣطԱϷΪȼ٣ְ֮
µĵط٣ûһ꣬Ǩ뾩ġ
ݱΪǻʵҪĳһźţټ÷֪ݣҲ͵Ÿ߷ͣ𼱣ؾ¶һʱ䡭
ҲڸˣҪؾˣ
ֻǡ
ֻǲǼֲ֮ǳִĹֱ֮λһ֮ûһģ


46 
Ϊʮ꣬û۶Ҳѵ֮˾֮
أ˶ˡ
Ҫǹ٣ˣ
֪ݣѧʿּ⣬õǷ䣬ֻҪܵݡ
ּδ֮ʱһ糣ͱվһڵ̬Ȼ
ڳһٰ֮󣬱ʦ죬ոͷšù緹͵ƷȥԼŷŷ硣
ȴ룬緹֮ʱж˼죬ͷĶ־Ҫ²ɡ
ʲôξȥ֮޸ݣֱһɺԣ
㲻ʶκ;ƾɱƤѼۻ֮Աܶ༲
ʲôˮ֣ƾϴֲˣΪҪˮоƾŪǸ˲Ҿƣ
԰
Ʋ죬ϷˣϷϷľҽ飬û˵ʲôѼۻ֮Ҳ֪ı֮˵ʲôƾԱ⼲
бģһǧԺҽѧǰ˵ҽŲŹ֡
ʱкУ˵
һҲûȶˣһݻҵϷ棡ۻҽݡ
ȴ룬гƼǻյĹͻˣȾߡ
㲻˵ʲôξƿɷиģҳҵôΡ
߲壬һӣȥȥñ߰죬ȥ͸͸硣
ֻһƼǵĵţȾͺˡ
ֻŵģǸһеľһ֮²֪м֮ǳӪĲӪͷ
ô˲Ӫͷķ˵ȵĵèأҪȥԸ

ǺҲûãĺףǿӲקϵӪ
Ӫʣȸֱ㡣
λָӡȷʵ˵㡭
ֻ߳˿ѾϺڣлʱðŧˮӪʶһζյøƨƵģڴϣѾʶģˡ
ȼŵֱ£ͷ˶ֱҡͷʤ֮ġ
βˣ˵ˡ
Ųֱָֹ˵׿Ҳ̫˵㣬Ҳ֪ǶǴ
λͷһõж˵ûˣɷشޣпͷȲӪͷһ
ǣҲ죬˼λ䣬˳Ӫʡ
ȸ˵а壬࣬˵ξƾܷġ
ȱһ˵ɶסˡ
ǰȵĸΪ֢ȥģۿ֮ԨȴΪʹидոЩԮӣԴôҲ֮ȥ
һҧۻȥˡҲһĿɿڴıһԾϲָӵĴʣץ
˶֪СڸһȴС˿ûнֱεļ󣬻û˷硭
иŴԲʵΪ˷磿
˵Ҳ
бǺİ˵
ʵԶҽӦ֪˷ʱСշ硱˼飬˺շ˺ܿͲˡָⶼ˰ˣ϶û˷硣
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ôȣ
Ȳ𡣻صͷԺĲָӵһ취ܾȻ᲻ܻܲȫҪҪԣ
ָ۾ȣ˵ваǺ첻ĴҪԡϻԱֻһϣҲ԰
Կԣ˵Ĺ̼Ϊʹ࣬𣿡
ܣֲָӼ˻ڶ˵һֶ˴ˡ
Уһҧ
һˮȡһˮľͰ
Ҫȴ£
ѣüҡͷа࣬աˣҲô
ȲǸɲָӸղˣȲ֣˾ջˡ
ľͰˮ룬˰Ѳ·ˣֱӰ˫ž˳ˮľͰ
ֻ໵һҽУëذ̵ò
һڱʿҲɱ˵ȡͲûˡ
ҲС㵽вС
Ҳһ亹ǰֻǴϿֽ֮ҡǴС˵￴ġ
һʧѧˡľͰжˮ𽥼ˮһڣָӹȻ£ʱ¾ͽˡ
п۾ֱˡ潵ˣΪȷϣڲָǰ˰죬ȷȷʵˣˡ
տָӵıʿֻҪһô˷¡

Ӫ̲סʵô½ģֻݽžУ
˵Ҳ

˵Ǹξ֮Чжҡˡ
Ч

ȥ·ϣȥľƷȡһС̳ƾŻصƼǡ
ڶһ磬оѾƼˣȴ¥æӭȥôӪǱ˺üˡ
Ȳ𣬷еȥˡ
Ϊɶ
һβãǰɱˣ
㣬ҡȶˡ
Լȥˣܱ˶ǿ
ǿβҡͷǲңˣǷ๫㡣
һ򡭡
ҲУ¶ģܲһ˿ס
ͷؼʱ̻ûˡ


47 С
ȰסȣҲͲȰˣ֮ǰͲѾȡ
һεúá
Ӫһڱʿ;Ρȸָӽһ¡ҶССġ
ǰָˣ˲٣һ˫۾ֱðȡϾ˭Ҳ
ȱе飬²۾׿µĻҪСүƨɣ
еۡ

ܴˣСһΣ˵Ĺʮʹ࣬Ҳһܾ㣬ȷҪ𣿡
ͷ˵ɣүˣʲôµģ
ȼͷҲ¶һοЦݡ
ǺǡοЦݡ
ȥһһڣӪʵ˶ˡ

ҪӸ
ȥѽ˶ִߵһģʵġ

˰Ѳָӽʵʵذ˴ϡ
˲Եʱתͷߵһͷ

㡭ҪɶβǰƱͷһĴ㵡
Сеģָҧҽˡ
ΥЩͷǵһνӵġ
һڲָӾ䣬һιȥˡ
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ڣɵҲСҪڲָ϶
Сӣң⼸ʿҲһӵϣҪ¡

ˣҪһڱʿֵܣȺ
ڱʿˣ嵲м䡣
ʲôл٢ιƶиŧҲöǶƨ
ɫ֮£סˡ
յͷߣ˵ģûʼأܲסˣ
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һͷǰһȭСĪ֣ҵȴûҽʩȣĳҲ˵ǡ
˵ž˵һһԲˡСС
ﰵһʣҲͷؾɰΪ˰ѺѾµҪʲôҪȥ˿ڵĸ⡣
ˮƽ뵽ЩǰҲûַ
ǣַòòָӡΪ̫֮󣬴ڸ󣬺ٺϡ
ʵǺ˿ڸȾڽһγʶضٴθȾ벻У޲
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ֱӱʹˣ
ͷһСŰҶСڡڡڸԼϵ⣡
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Ȱ̾һ˵ܴΪ˻ŵɣ˭ûҩأ
˼Ǽ䣬ûͣƶ
໡ָˣرϴǿ˵һ仰ιȥġ
Ҫң
ðɡ
һһȥѣΡѡΣѾζβȥˣʹֽ˫ĿѪ
ֻһƬһƬԼϸ⡣
㡭ʲô֡罬ϴʵλڴԼ¸⣬ѾЩľˡ
ȡ
ȡСӾһԱͽ
ΪʲôɫģЦʵ
Ǻ£Էɢע
ӻ¸㶼£ᵶɱ˾͸ˡ
ǺǡǽҴӻϸ𣿡
ǰ֪ΪûԹ
ҧءԺһңϾͻ
Ŷ
ӲҲҪˣ㳢֮࣡ûŭĿ
ǽһͦסѽȻͼһˣ˵ţȷҽ
һ˿ϵĻѾɾˣ¶ʺ⡣
˿ӳֻۣʣ¶ȵĺˡСӻʶ࣬й
ҪȻһĵĳʹµ˿ڴ֮ղŻҪʮٱ
Ҫɱ㣡Ҫɱ㣡Ъ˹˻ᶼˡ
ԭŶմžƾ˿ϴ
߿ޣ߿ޱ߽СȴǲΪûһרþƴ˿ڡ
ϸϸϴȷϲаŧҺ۹ȲŷţһСɹޡ
Ŷڲ˲һ
ˡ
Ųָ˺ѷεغУԣҲǵжۣСлµȥְ

ǡ
ȴӴɹóĶ˵Ҳǰһڣûιȥ
һķ룬ųߡ
㣡㣡Ҫ浱˿߷죡ִС
ˣû˵˿߷ġ


48 ˡ
ӪͷŵɫһڱʿҲǿĴ۷ֱ
˵ôһ£Ȼߡ
Ʋȸȥ

ͨˣҲͨߡֻʼһҹ֮ھƾ
ȿŲٲȻһЦŵ㣬ʱֻ̫һˡ

ˣˣ
һ鷴ӦСӸ££
ˡȻĥˡ
λͷȴǲһ󣬡ͷŵɣҪ
Ǹտʼǻһ·⼸λȵ񶼱ˣʼЩСӡ
ݰ̸Ц䣬Ͱϸǿɸ¶ЩϱӸɣǶĥĥ
ܲĺУ뿪ʼ˿ڡֻǣ˼ζûܴȥڲϣ˼۶
Ҫɱ㣡Ҫ㣡˷ѣȻϸˡ
ȫ˵ʲôһͷϸ˳Ѿûˡ
˵Ǽٵġ
̸Цôװġ
һȥŵڻƤۿѪɽһƬƬӻ˭ôܲˡ
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ۼ⣬˫Ѿʼһҧϵǰȥ
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һһᣬŲ̫ܣ˿ڲУ
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˵ӶҪˣôʲôѲѿ
ֿʼȳһתҸطЪֻǸת;ת
ͨһڵϡˡ

ˣҵйڡЦ
ˣˣˣСӹȻȻǱӲΣ

ڽͷĺߣ˵ͷ˺üˡ

һҽС
϶㣡СıҲˣֿʹˡ
Сĵ㣡ˣѿ

ֻһˣһ«ư֮ŪģⲻҲ˸Ѫͷ
Ҫ˵ȷʵӲͦ˸ˡ־ڷһҽΣȻͦ
зߵһ̣ĲӪͷһҲˣǻһĨѵЦݡ
ڽˡ
ֻǲӪͷֿ֪࣬һΡ
Ȳҽ˿ڳˣʮ֮󣬲ȥָӲߡʱ߶Ǵߵˬ²Ӫͷֵˡ
ѹʱ򣬷ѾصƼʳ̣Ѿǹ£ҹʱˡһΣȻ˯һ졭
һһңһ·
ּڵ˵ݣ
լƫԺ֮ڣ䨶ʯǰһԡ
ټһ벻״˵ġ¶֮ɫټҲ˸׵ĹְʡбѧʿǨ֪ݣǴϲѶ
ԣʶ߬еʥּʵҲû뵽ˡ
뵽˲׼ˣû뵽ټҾסѹǨݡЩˣҪзͻؾ
䨲һԣֻ㷶šλ֪Ǻ˽ģһѸı뷨
Ȼͳãջûжҡһӣһֽ౾ؾ
һʡֵסˣҴҵȥҼֲ
ֲۣš黨ⷶϣĵͼΪΣѵǲ࣬Ĳ
֣Ⱑô죿һĿ
ҪǷϣĻؾʲô³
λǸҺ̫ʸ棬Ϊ˰⵹ӦҺ͹ټʳʹСֶУͷϣӲգַͱ
ֲҲǾ岻̨ھͿڣ̫磬ϣڿ̬Ҫǹ٣˼Ҷˣ㻹ʲôë
ǣ̬չȥҲǰ취һټһʱ嶯ѷϣķ˻ǻ˵ã㲻Ҫñص֪֮ΪҲ˼Ҹȼ
ףֲȻһ˼Ҹȼ
һڼ๫ͷ֣ǲǣһɭЦҪľ˼Ҹȼ
ѷϣҪ˵Ϣųȥ
ųȥ㶵طʣ漴ɫҲ𽥾ɡ˷һĴָ
Ȼ

³ͲְǵٴαأǨּּ֮ˣͲڶǡ
ֳŶΣڴѾ˾ռˣû˶۾ϡǲڵĴԽ࣬ԽԽᴫΪѻһڳְ㲻ּ˼ȥˡ
ּԴҲ˾ռ֣ŷ͵ǳʣͣظϡ
ֻһȴûô򵥡
³ˣγġѡŷڿˡŷҲûü׷һģ͵ĽŲǡ
ʵŷԴȥ걻࣬ӲˡΪس̳䣬ʵڲʱͷںˣһϣǣŷ˾񣬼յϢͬʱͰѴǳдˡ
һֲҪݵĴεһ߸˧ɹҲסˡ
ʱĺʮ꣬ɻأ֪ҪǣŷǸ硣
ΪǸ¾ɳһζʩѹء
ôң
ǡ˵ҲƵֱ⡭
ʱ˿ֲ̣ڽЦӶ¶ˡ˵ϷʩСƣŷźɹ
ȵľһ̣һӣ̨֪ȫ
Ҵ
ҳ壡
βҲ÷ϣĵ˰ǲƤ


49 
ʷ̨ؾɵ
񵹹ݶܡı֮ʱ̨ټƲһʱֵ÷зӰ켫š˲Ų࣬ҲɴϵĴĻ
˲ΪؾɼȷĸλԹ٣Ȼǳǰ
УԹٵڵݴľͤ󣬺Ӫٻޣ˲ƣôϲ
࣬ףӴ񵱽е˰գӰ켫
󣬼ʷѳ·۶ڼΪˣԹˣ븮լΪٹٵ䷶
һ͵ӣЩЦá˵Ϊ˰⵹ϣҲƴˣʮǰľ˶¡
ΪϺ˵֪Щؾ֮İϷΪš˼֮£ʱ͵ּвɵ֮ƽϡ
ټû˶һԹٶΪ⡣
ӮûŴذ
ҲûָЩëСܰѷϣôֻҪټҲ龩ͷʤ
ȴ룬û죬µףԹٵ͵ڰβסϣĵʥֱּͶݡ
ֱֲӣ˵ƾʲôټҵϣĶ豶
ƾʲô
˵͵Ϳٹٵ䷶ķǣ˽ͷһ˿ɱȵġ
̫꣬רȨ˵ڶ죬ٹֻ̫󣬶֪ʵۡ
һЩ֪Ĵ󳼣̫רȨҲǸŭԣΨһҶڵģǷָ̫͡Ӧλʵ۵ĴڣŻڳغϣ̫ðֱӰӳ˾ǡһֱҲû÷ͻ
ʱףдûһΪ˵ģΨзΣѵʱһѣܲ
ңȥ֮ʱҲǷͿ˻ʵ۵ΪѡΪ˲ȥߓѲأȥҪְűס棬֮ƽء
ŷ͵˸ɵġи֮⣬ʱսδзСʱõʱʧ˱ʱȴǷ͡ˡһ㣬Ƿǡ
ԣ֮һ˷͡䨳ಡˡµĸŷ޵ˣ֮궼Ⱥ̼࣬Ϊŷ޶˲֪¡

ô˵ټҪŷϣġֲ˵Ŵǲˡ
ڶ糯ʷةֱ෶͡ŷޡ˽ᵳģĿ
ʵͽĸ˵Ҳǹôʲôûɺðɡ
֮ԣֲ֪һڳǸ顣ִвһʣ֮ϸΪ˽ȡ
պδԿ࣬ԷˣԴǹҪЮټңóȻΪұݡ
֮һͬģͬµ󣬶ԷͽᵳӪ˽֮˵ᡣ
ǽһͷ󣬲ҲҡǨ͵ľġ
䰡Ϊļ
ηͲڣͰѹһꡣ
͹Ȼûʧٴβְǡ
رȴųһ亹
ֻֻд仰ܣ֮ľѣ
ŸټҰѾˣҲģҪˡ
Żæš֣벻㰡ɶᣬֻҪϻؾ֣һж˵
أ;ͻһ֡
ǣ
֣ɫһף˵ˡϣģ
ֱֲֵ֣ˤ˲豭
ִжɫһףˣϣƸˣӵؾּĲˡ
ãִзʣһԳصֽϡ

ھʦ֮У˻ʵ߷ŷǣ˶ڱƹùټһҪңҪѡ⡣
ǹټһѡ˭ﶼûס
ڡ
Уѡ⡣
ּ̫κ֪ݣԭʡС֪µķͣ̽
ּһȻټҾðٹٵķڲˣзͻؾ
һʱ֮䣬ˣʥĿ֮Դ˷ֹϣĽһ˸߹һˡ
ԴˣţҪѷŪؾ

ʱĵݣڷ͵İͷװż㡣
һǽ뾩ּһͬƽ³ִеһ顣
ټּԲ˵޷κ鵽ݽӰ࣬ȻټһؾΨһЩεľǣּûְ֮ǰּ˵õĵġѧʿҲûӰֻ˵ؾ
ʵеطٻؾְҲʲôϡ£ְжΣǺ͹ټһ㱨깤û
κ淶ְҲ˵ûˡǣûµְеͷˡ
һִе飬ȴΪѰ÷ͶЩ⡣
һ⡶顷
УִоȻüͲҪˣð֮ס÷۴֣ίһ¡
ͺͳִУϣ䲻񵡢µǰ伫ҲǸԣԴѹҪãдţʵ⡣

ֻɨ˼ۣ;Ͱŷŵһߣϵ鼫
Ĳǳִбˣ˵С֮ģ
벻ҷһǱЩ˿һαͶ֮ͽ
ˣôȥϺӷƴɽй


50 ǷһԺ
¹ĺܳʵðɣʵ۳˹
һΣΪһʱˬ죬Ǯĺ֮󣬷ʶٲܷСӺˣǣȿʼÿ춼լһ˹Ա
ÿдд֣ԡ
ҪֻǶ鵹ҲûʲôƫƫƷǱ߻һѵ£С
µʱϺӾƷ𳹵׻𱬵ݡԭµǧƣǰѾ۳
⻹ȫۼƲԣʼʣµһȻͱˡ
ڣ뻹Ҫµʱ䣬¹ɾƣҲһ¡Ҳ˵ʵ޹δ£Ϻӷ޾ƿ۵ľ
ϺӷƵĿ޻ɽļ۸Ѿ3ǮһС̳600һʹȫҲû뵽ƻֵز
һͬķʼ֮ʱΪ¾ƵĹâڸǣʮֳʡǣּΪʵõϴ֮𽥱֪Ҳʼ
ŷȥȫʱÿۼ۰ġԼù֪֮ȫ͹˷ļֵⶫò֪ٱССһ飬Ϳúܾá˵ģҲ⡣
ͣƳܵݸϲһļ۸Ƿ࣬һǮһ飬ȴȻӦ
ڣϺӷֻܵ¹вǰԺľƷͣΨкԺ͹ҹϹһҪӦۣһ棬ҲΪ¾ƴ͡
׿ʮףȫںԺǶȵĻ֮мȻ֮ǩʮӶȻȫһضˣЩˡѾƷѧȥ
ϺӷʹֱӰ죬ǵ͹
ȫݵؽ磬ϽͶȫһգһʱ֮䣬ݳھͿá¹İֻðĿŵţͺϣʹţ͵ļ۸ҲʼǡԹصϺӷ
֮£ȿʼڵгֲ֮ͺùͣô˷⶯͵
˵֮£һʮʮ٣ܿ죬ֿ¥Ķؼڵпնֻ࣬ڸжĲʳ޲ѣӶ󻺽˾Զ֬

ҵغӾƷʱǰæš
һʦȲҳɣо׿ȥóСƿ׿ѴƿʱȴXΪᡣ
ƿˡĻܣֻˡ
Ȱοò꣬Ūˡ
ʲô
ȻһЦ˭˵һҪûˡ
˵꣬ת淶ȥ
˷լǷʱһһڷʳˣָ˸ꡣ
ʦʦһΪʦΪ仰ȵǡԲú͡ʦ
ҲͰ⵱ԼˣԺȽӼ⡣ʱŶģûϷʱȾԼ굽ȥιӡ
һߴ£һߴӻСƿͳڷŵһŮǰȻһǸʦģһǸ۶ġ
Ů磬Ƿ͵۶
ʮӡ
Сƿط꣬жꡣ
Ūʲôöˣ
ĵЦɲǺöʦţ
ԣοƿڵľʱһŨ¼ɢ
ŨĻ㡭ϲ̾¼
ȺٺһЦʦ۹⣬ʦϻһ¼֮ͣãʦ˵ôȺ졣
壬ҲȡЦĳˡ
๫һ죬üëһŭûûСҵҵ죿
ƻˡͷʹˡ

һ˳ԷЦ֣֣֮ôˣ
СӣϷ͡
Сһı£һԴĵӣƫƫһľʱʱ÷๫̡
ϰһۣˣתȣ¼ͣ
Ȱ׷ƿˮ¼͵ģʦֻҪմһ㣬;ھ䡢󣬿ɱһ㡣
ǰһһƿأ
Ǹ۶ģԡʱԡϼΣģܷӺó涣ҧ
ƿ¼͵ɵģ۶ƿ¶ˮͱɡ
ƿɷȺöĹ
Ϊֻ֪ԭо͡ƾдˮı˽⣬£ǰһѵĵһף䣬ٵ걸
۹Ŵִʲô˵ǮŮҲ
ˮһɣͱȫΪ䱦ΪϺӷ߻ܣɾ׿Աܣй
ɹĳƷˮͻ¶ˮͲ࣬ȥһƿ׿Ȩı˽̰˸һƿƿǽʣһ㡣
׿Ǹĸᣬ֪ⶫŮ˵ջж
ȵĽܣϲĲУţմһͿ󣬰Ū˰죬Сĵ

Ϻͣˣ๫ֿˡɲŪʲôˮģҪ˵
ּ⡭
Ŷ¡ټһϷʦ𣿡
δԵ䨲Цֹϣټʦ
Ȳû˵ˣּ⡣
ʲôбһۡټĵĲϷߡ
ʦδ㣿Ҫگ𣿡
Ҫ˵¡ͷ룬֣صҴôʡȻ˻ϼңϷһ˽
һ𡣡ǡ
Ȼһ̾ģϷȥѾ֮޸ɡǣ͹ټҰѻ˵ǲߵġ
˵꣬ȵҪ㣬Ǽڵݣȥݡ
ҵȻǸʦߣ붼ûʹһǷһԺأ


51 ʵ۵۶
ڷ͵һ֮ʱ֮Ĵ㡣
˼֮£Ǿصѧ
һ뷶͵嶼㿵ݽ֮أļԣң͵ϼҾأ˾ҲҶ츣ˡ
ߣĽʢ˲űԷ˵һ־ѧӡϤĽ̵֮£Ǹš
˵ּǱ˽ְ֮Ӧж֮󣬾ټ뾩Ŷԡ
ֻǣ۶٣ϸճӣȻҩƵҽΣãҲ鷦Զ㡣Ҫ뾩֮ڻؽϣȻʵ

ҵȻǸʦߣ
һǷһԺأ
һ棬ȴ룬ϳ˼񣬶ǲɽݸһЦ
ðɣͷԡ
бһָ㣬ƵϷԺҲ첻
е㲻˵֮ڵģŹ£˭ô
Цɻ浱ˡ
ϣֵҪѧϸŻǮòϴɵǵ㱡ˡ
һƲ죬ҺǮĺðɣ
˵һûصľҪѧдѵ˻ΪһǮ͵
ȻѾңǻȥ֮׼һ££⣬κ֮󣬼̶
޲ӦʣʵͿǹ

ӷլ֮ȰȫȫеϺӷټΰ׿ӵˣΧһ
ʦ֮ѾȽεĹԱһҪټǨݡ
ȫ￩һӣ˵׻ߣɸոһɽôˣ
ȿһ۵ŲģʹʦˣвָӦڵݣȻǸο
ȫȻص˵ͷе㲻ģϾ֮ǰǮңҲһӪָʹͷ๫һġ
ʵ᲻õģ
ȻⶼڵݣĹǶǱȻҪŷ๫ߵġһߣȫܾò̤ʵ
ټңΪԺһЩ㡣ֱ⡣ŲҴȥŶصݡ
ȫһת硭
ǱߣҲҪԼ˰̿Ŵ羭̶꣬õѡˡ
һһ⣬ýĹңȫ˷ܡ
֮ǰôӻƷ֧Ӧûͬ⡣ЩȻΪȲżҵ˹ĲϽϾҪˣûףȰǸ˦ˡ
û뵽˴㡣
Լˡ˵ԺżҺƼҴӴİһˡ
ɶʱ߰šüͷͻȻʵ
ȵӦÿˣκһͶ
üͷšøͷ˰죬ŵ߲ʹˣӸȥڵݿꡣ
ЩЦãһˣҸĸҪʹˣҲǮһˡ
һ壬ԼˣɶԩǮ
ۣȫֱˡ
˵׼ҰʱˣôǵСǮ
Ȳ²۵Ų˵û֮ǰƼǹˣҲǲ⡣
ǡƵ꣬ҿˡ
ˡǮȫĿƼǼСꡣ
զƵꣿˡһĹǮأǮˣ

ȫʵϺʵбҪ
׼ң˵жǮ֪Ʒһɷӣ˶𣿡
٣ƼǶ𣿡
ƼǣȫһЦһͼӣҲô࣡
Ϻӷ¹ƣǮǧᣬǧᣬϿ֧޶ԺԲơռһɵĴǾǽһǧǮ
һǧᣬҪȫͭǮϳأǧúü󳵲ߡȻСũ̬ΪһСǮơ
Ҳò͵ˣˣЩСտĲʳǵӯࡣ
һҲԣڳڵ˻춼ԵˡҲʲôѵ⣬Ѿкüʳ̣ƼǿʼˣմƼǵҲǰˡ
Ҫˣ
Ҳת׿ʲô㣿ǸߣھƷ
һ׵ǵȻҵġ
׿üᴥһ£úţʮڷҺʦߡ
ȻһЦ뵽һȥˡţĸˣԶС
׿ͷͺӶڵݷİܲͲ
ǾôˣһĴȡŲʹչ⣬ҴżҴ硢㣬кӸ磬ʦһͬȥݡ
ŲʱƷӯ࣬һЩҪĿ֧ĶɽҪߡ
ӣӸ㡣Ȱ©ˡ
Ͼͱˡȿ¸´飬۶ϣܲڣǱ߰ٺˣҲûʲô¶ˣҾͰһӵȥ
ǵŶҾͺȥȥզضи֪֪ȵӦţ

ˡ
һЩϵϸڣڰһжöֻ¹ٵΣǵ˸ա
ֻ
ֻʹѮּһֱȵ¶ˣҲûκΡ
ҰΰĻ¶ˣҲûߡ
Ķأ
˵۶ݲԶˮ·ʮվֵܵˣκΪ֮
еؾӣ
ˣ
Ϻˣ˸۶


52 ϡ
ʷǶһǸس֮
ͬЩµʥ֮ǣһҲûȵģһʡ֡
һһʱĺ˲ѣһӵĺȴס
ΪһִµĻʵۣҪһӵĺ˼ǲܵģƫƫһڹͣʲôһˣ
λʮ꣬ʮμ˰˻ز񣬲گ𼺣裬ԼأΪΪȴΪˣΪ⹬˷ѣɿԼҲöȡԹ̣ǴӲ
ÿͨ˵ʾϽȫ̰ҪִУڶܴӿľشÿı³̷ǧˡ
Դ˵֪ʱҲ˵ȥɡ̶ֿĻ͸ڶˡ
һ֮ϵĻʵ̸ۣЦܾľÿһյܳҲڶˡ
ʷ۸ĵ߰Ԫ׫дġʷ֮
ھߣֹʣ
ɼǧʵ۵

Ϻ⻾Ĵ󻷾£ܰѱƴ޲Ƶ˻۷壬Ϊһñ¡ϡ࣡
ΪʵۣʹٺõˣʰҲ֮¡
緶֪ͣ˹֮ȴòؾЭңΪƽ֣⳯Ҳòѷ˱
ǣҪˣȻ׼Ψһİ취ǰѷŪȰ衣д󳼷֮ν⣿
ô죿
裡
ֻ֮ϴ̫һ氲һگ͹龩ǣ͵ּǷȥˣǨκĵȴǳٳٲ۶
͵ʥּ֮Уκ֮󣬲ܽڣκղּ⣬۶ܶͺ˭ȥ
һϡ־÷ֻҪͲķҲֻǴڣƲʲôˡ
ƽӮʱ䡣

ڵݣͲûˣȴҵȣ˿£ҲκӰࡣڷζټֿʼˡ
ʵû취ֻһ౾ԣ䨲أǰﺮҵļǰϼ̣
ͳ٣ټҲˣҰѼ˶ͻϼˣĲˡ
һ౨֪ϲȥˣæּκҹ̸˽ΣһڼҾ첻û磬淶뾩
Ҳõκˣֱɣ
˵ּһ£ؾɳ÷
ôˣͲǺˡּһͬ·ģּ⡣
ǨΪʹְ˾ִƲȨ
̬˵㿴ɣڶִࡢࣨעȫǺͷϣĲԸؾ̨֮ǰţظð˰ɣ

һ̫֮£ƽϢ๫ǳһ˵ټһ£ڳȨοϣľسҲʲôˡ
ֻǲ
ľԱһڳûֱ˸
УӦ֮ңΪ¥ġ¥ǡһ½Ȼ£ʹǡ
ֲųġ¥ǡԽɫԽԣԽԽŭ󣬾ѳ˺ϡá
ϲԼ

֮ߣ񣻴֮Զǽǣǣ

֮Ƕǣֶ֣֮

ֱֲ£һ;Ҫ˵дóģ
ᣬ־ϣʸ־Ҫ£
˵ʲôˣּⶼ쵽ˡ

ټ¾ġ
˱ӡ
ִиþ˴ѵĺӡ
û˯ž

ڵݣԽԽԽԽ׷֮⣬һжôƽ
Ѯΰ飬ճ졣
֮СھסϺӷȱҪðһԺӣ»֮ãͬ⡣
ֲûطαض໨ǮңھƷҲ÷Ӧ
ȻסƼ֮У򸾣ÿ˯ʳ⡣ԴˣҲһ취ûС
ڣΰѾ飬⣬һͬȥݡҪˣҲõ֮
ֻǣǻ֪ȥˡ

һ磬ӭͣ¥зУ̰ҲǲУֻϴһ¥һ¥£һ֡
ȴӦѾΪ˲عغҲӣһﳳ
ò£ûﶼŶ𣿡صļɤȫһۡ
ڿνǷĽΪȫݶ֪˵ɵΰסйؽĽַǻΪܳɣȫһź졣
˵ƼǹϵǳĻʲôӣ˵ŶӣԾǣǮø
ȷֻˣ廹ûվڶףļ䡣룬һ˶ӣײһ
ЩԾçȴǲܣָǾıӾˡ
ǾһװۣҲʪ˰ضǴӳų¶
Ʋһۣ˵ͲˣֲĳһĳҶĳΣ
ӲԴʲƣᡣָž˭ֲųʳٸЩкѹҵȰյģ
֮Ҳ˸ͣ˭֪ݴˣҲŶӣ
ԣŶŶӣĳҲ˰ˣ
㣬Ŷӡ
Ŷӡ
νǷŭ
ǣͷתۼͱûȺڵ֮У
ɫͨ죬Ǳ˵ˣȻĴһᣬŭȵ
ĳ˵򣡣
Ҫ򣡡
ǲʹĳĴ󵶣

עγĹƼΪӣһʷĿ͹ٱһ죬һֶγ̫˽ѶܷѾһ¡
ֱǶģãϽ顢¡ʡܾģԺ
õʵǣͬƽ¡ҲǳִеεְһΪࣻΪ֪¡
ĹݴѧʿҪоʵ۳⣬Ϊࡣ
˾ʹܲ൱ڵĲΪࡣ


53 ䷹
Ǿ˱У̲סһͣӵէȻֹ
ոջþŶӵһ˵ȣҲ˼֡
ΨŮкܣˣŭУˣǬçҵײɣ
˵ţקžļӺϡ
ÿڣçͱ뻵˹أ
ҲŻŻõģԵЩӦˡ
ֻǣϾŮϵö׳
ϡҪڴ˵һ룬ȴסˣѺݻ˻ȥ

ʱ˲ŷ֣һλףͷӧ׳˶ٲ֪ʱģվȦ⣬ç
ͣ׽ɫһ
һ䵶һֿһţȣһźɲɷֿҸ·´񺺵ùͷ
ƲһλһͲͨʿһǵٵ佫ʸ񴩵ġ
׽ǰɨӾ
֮ǰ׵ľԴ
ͷ
ͷȻǸٵġ
йϵˣҲΣӣأ
׽Ҳ˵̧Ⱦһţɲһͺ
ֻһ죬Сɽһ׳˶ľֱӾ˳ȥƼǰʯϣ첻
׽ǰžһٱߡ
̵ģ˶Լǰˣӽ̹ûУ
ߵͷҽС
ǳԲǴĶҲ˭ҵӣ

Ӫͷ˵ҲҰ
ͷͷʱѾӵܳ׽м䡣¶ͷﶯôĻ𣡡
ǳӪһ٣λͷ֮еͷγƣ50Ϊ1飬Ϊ15Ϊ1Ӫ
֮ǰȴӲʱ򣬾λͷҵĴңҲһưѲεġ
µľµı
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ͷһȣǾҳɣǿӵĨ˰ǵѪͷվ
¿Դ̧
ŵһ£̧ͷ
˵˭Ұģ
һҪǾԣȻȺ˿޵öһ㶣ôȻûĸ˿޵ô춯ء
ͷȴŭˣһߵǾһǽϡ
˸ӣѪж޸ѵ
˲֪ͷѵã߿ޱ˵òġ
մ꣬ٵ٣ҵ涼ͷտʼޡΪ˸ϹһһҹδСʵǶˣǰġ
üͷһ壬Ʋ˼֡
һ粻ͷ˰ǻ𣿡
Ĩ˰ᣬСºͷ˽Ȼص͵ǰǺûĳ¡
ۣͷɵˡЦŷԣ˼˵ս£ҲǸ׵Ļ
ȼˣһ߰ͷһ߳ߺȵʮ壬ȸλס
漴ֶŶӵ˹ֵλַԭи㣬ˣ
һ֣ȴǶǾԹҲǳɵ˵ԭɣ˭ֻΪСΪ㣿Ϊ۵ݰ·ţл㻹ĻΪ˼ͼͷΪѣ
˵Ҳǿ׻ϰնְֺޡ
ǣϷ˻·֮ʱǰͷʵհ˵ʵ¶޵ǣɢѪյĴһǵҴܣʱʱǳ鷳

ʮݹͷȴסˣǾȵ˻ԣŽǶȥȻʰ㣡
Ȱͷһˣһˣ˵žʹ󲽽˵
ҲȰͷѧЩͨŪ׵ġ
ͷѴţһӣһ
ȼģ𿴵ʱӪͷ޵ͲûȡºˣȴǼݴ£ʱʱһЩβƻţûϹϴģʣء
·͵һֻϴţʹˣӪͷҰȸ͹
˵ţ治СһȾ͵ʮ
ôһԵꣿ
ͷԺٺһ֣ĪģԲ꣬ҵȰԡӪͷȥݸˣ˵ͻˣðȴţȹ
˲ˣģ䷹ġ
ǺýڣСӿϲһ
ͷٺٵֱ֣Ҳ˵ơ
ԴӽƴСӣӪﶼͷû¾Ƽǲһ٣ͻˡ

Ҳֵö˽ӴЩӪľƽʱһɷƵģﶼ幢ֱ֮ˣ뷶͡䨡Щ˴ˣҲԸǹҲýһ̻
ͷѴţȰᵽȿʼæһĹ򣬸ɫɫ߼ѵʳͰһ
Ҳǲŵˡ
ƴɣĳ䷹ˣϺþƣ
˻ûݣʹغߵǰһ˵ſڶôһ
ʱͷӭ˳šüʵô£
ͷɷ˵Ųߣûɶ£Ѿѵˡ
ͷɫһ䣬˾һۣŵǾһӣͷ񵽿ȥˡͷȴǸм𿴸ղŴôݣлǻġ
ʱҲӭ˳ٷһӵĺòˣ޵ڼҼҶܳϼСˣڡ
ЦӪͷ伸پ˵ĪҪСӡ
һЦһһ٣ȴˣĳ䷹ȴǲˡ

һģӪͷܵݸȥ
һͣʶػͷֵſھһۡ
Ϊǵ˸ӣ


54 ֳ
˵ҲùġٳͷȻ䣬ѾʲôˣҲ϶ûľǰ׷ǣô˵Ҳ˵߹ˣٲãҲΪӪͷĵز
ǣû취䱸ϾôٵƲ㣬ԼҲԼ
нһ佫ԾټǨ˭ı˭˭ֵĺӣ˭ֵΪ
ǼĽţ˱˼֮⣬ҪǾ֮£ͨЩ˾ټӴϵ̸ᡣɾֻ֪˾Я֪֮Ҿ֮
Ұ·ӡϹپټԼͷ࣬ȫĽϵľ㶼ѡԣ٣ȴӪ첻ϣ䵽ݣһӪ£Ѿ㲻ˡ
ıʩչӪͷֻӪ֮лԵ
һΣͼȻڷ๫ǰһ˵õ๫ʶԺз֮ǣӪͷϣ˧һʿɽ
ĳ룬ûɣþ׿ȣǶˡ
ڴ£ºãӪбʿûԼѱظ˻ֻһ£ͳ߰İӡ
գһ鳤ڹ˻ƣϿӾͲˣˣ˼ҵˡҸ浽ݸһ磬Ӫͷͱͽеãöѵ⡣
¶ûˣ߾ɵֵˣк
ͷҲһ㣬ԸողŲִǿꡣҪĻſǾٲҪԿͷ
¶ҲֻݸһЦһȺѪյĴүǶеϾеټڹ̣ܽӲŹ֡
ʱְ̳𣬿ͷ۾ֱŹ⡣
ǰ䷹ľþơ
ڵݿǽεúܣҲֻеƴܹܹĺȡ
һкһгӣڽпߵſڣǸǻľͷػſڣȴȤոô磬Ҫˣأˣ
ɫһ죬˵
ЦŸɲվڣϽȥԷ
һһӪͷͶͷûҶ
ȴͷɷˣɵĳѷιﲻɣ
ԴϲֻƲһۣδٺɵЦŽˡ
ͷǸӣȥϴ֣
ʶ𣿡

Ⱦϴ֣ȺҲˣΧһžͿˡ
ž룬б۳ǾǾҶꡣ
ӲСЦЦضǺӡ֪ʲô𣿡
֪֪
֪ҵҰҴϸ⣬
ȿЦõؿŲǺӡ
ͷͱҶƶˡ
ٵһ֣Ǿ԰ɣ̵ģǻǳˣúþƺعš
ɴ⣬ŷͷǷȿа׷ҲҼвˣһ߰ˣһߺͲġ
ָǸúúùܽˣ¶ʦòᡣ
˿ھƣǲᣬѵһϡ
ͷһǾүǶɵ£𷣾ǣ๫δ⡭
˵кӴܣ¶๫еСˡǣڴˣֻ˵һ롣
Ҳ˯˽ӾͲ˰۾һĶԸص
ӽ𣬶ҴӪ׼ǡ˭Ӵȡ
ܹܲӪﲻųȥɣͷһ컹Уˣﻵˡ
кžƣŲˣò⡣Բ廰ߣԽԽ¾Ǵ¶
˵ͷ꣬һ㣬ᡣ涼϶ǲС
̫Сҵ¶ɣ۸˭˼ǻһͶ⡣
ԣһ
ҵ⣬ˣʵʵġ
ɶ⣿¡
½Ӵ֪Сӹˡ
һҲ˵ȻÿգҸдá
աһһӺ˲١
ͷͣǣʱáƲ䷹
ͷܶͷҲȱ漫Ϊˬʵڰ͵Ц
ʱǱ𣬾õˡ



55 ˵
Ӫڴβ£Ҳϡƽ顣
ǺһѲۣ˾˲ʱпȱ䱸Ҳ衣
һױʮˣǴˣųͥ£ǱȵĽͶ׶Ҫô͹ţҪôԼǮ޲
ԣӪ½û䱸һ˵ǲְأ¼бˣõʱֻջ
һӪүǶܸ޳̵ĹãٲţֹϾࡣû¶ɣܲӪ۶С۶ɣԣܵðǷųȥųȥǻԴˣҲһͷûһ취
˵а취
Ǻǡİ취Լ޵Ӫĺ֪⣬ɱĶˡ

֮󣬲żŵĶͷٴƼʳ̡
Ĳţ⣬Ǽ߲ˡ
Ͼ͵ʮ£ʲѳ˽εĶϳܲɲˣ㻨ĲƷͱţû⻹Ǹո붬ȵ֮ʱҪڻùϼֹ
ȼˣдõġ⡱һġ
дİɣ׼£ѵ÷ġ
һϵĶ￩һӡ
⡰⡱Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ֻӬͷСд˴ֽһһţʮֽ
ôһɨӪͷˡ
⡭ⷨҲ̫ˡð˹
ͷ˶ʶ֣ŲӶֽϵСֶż׸ʲôӣѲͷų
ȺٺٵЦҵûͰӹܱ׼ûһ㹦ȥҰ
Žɵַһָһ
Ÿ£룬żֿԼһƾ룻ֱͦС΢գȻͦأֱ΢ǰ㣻ҪƽţȻ´ָ£Ȼ΢ĴָʳָĵڶڣָȲУͷҪҪֱҪգ΢գǰƽӡ
⡭ɶ˼Ǹվţ
վţͷ໥һۣ˵վžվţզأҪҲ̫ϸ˵ɣָͷĶ涨ˣ
ѽЦšһվ˾͹ʮµˣûǻ
ʲôǺ⣿ָһΡ
ǵӡ
ӣ
ͷõģǡҲйأ͹ܱɶϵ
һк¥ԼԷ
׳ŽһݣΧڴǰȵӡ
һλͷҲˡǵӣ廨¡
ֻƴɰһƽ̿ʹظƽϵ壬ޱѹʵȻ۳һڱѹۺۣۺһۣޱȻԷ
˵ⱻӵöƯȴ룬ƴɸûֺͣĸߣĵ˰죬ⴲ󱻾ȻһΣ綹һķ顣
͵Ϊ˵ʱһӣѱ۽ǵ嶼ÿӿƽ˳깤
ɣͽеӣ


еɡ
ҲûӾ۳ӡнǣҾһ㷽һſſޱȻֳһաӲʵС
һڴϴҲȥһؿŴϵġ
˻ⱻӵ飬ˡ
ͷǰŷӦ
⡭Ҳ̫Ư˰ɣ
аɣȼǫЦþûˣҪǰܵøƯ
Ŷ˵ͷȥǰҲôŪ
ӪЩ˵ӣӪѲࡣ
ӡȽӻҸдǶôôڷţЬЬóĶд
ټվˣѵСߵȵһϵв׼Ӫòһ¡
ͷͷƤֱ顭
⻹ð˹
ףͷոΪʲôҲ˵⻰ˡ
ľҪǣ磬֣𣬲ɽо֮ʱıսıȻҪâ¶ҲҪǷ뻯һжȡı֮֮սս֮ʤ

֮֮սս֮ʤ
˵ĺã
˸˸ɲǷ˼֣Ͱѱߵľ֮ɱ֮һ
ͷȻԷ飬ӣЬɶϵ
ǿ֮ϸĲǣЩëƤС¸Ͳ
ʵЩһֱĹ̷ܽʽøϸµ۵ǿʿԼԣЭԡ֪ôͻ֪ôһñϰ˰Ķս֪ԼӦðĶ
ָİ׷ȥʵУӪȥһĵ͸ʿʮһˣһ˵뷨ʱ򣬰Уһ˶ڹ̣ܽս£ҲΪ㽫ʹ

ȸʮֽʵһ׺ľѵ١
һȵүүǸս߳ϱүү߸ӣȵС壬ȫȵĸ׸Ǵòıְתҵطġ
ʮǰȾھӴԺﳤģںһ׾ӻʮϤ
ÿһѧʹ޾ѵÿһӪ±͸վľˣ߲ĶУԶҲõ񡭡ǣҲֻЩھдϼϱŻᶮãЩõ򣬵ζʲô
Щ̬Ĺأһ񡱱һҲЩأǱʶˣнֹɷӵʶЩأÿһڹӣǣ
Ϊ¶鷢֮ʱһβѺξķòָԣве֪ͨӪк¶ɣΪա

ȻˣӪıǺ޲͹ܲˡ
ȻûֻһѧѵͰĥҲصǸɳľӪͿɼһߡ
ǡ
ˬ


56 Ҹ
һҲûȥ֮󣬳ӪЩɾ͵˴ùڵñҲˡ
Ͼֻȿ˵һͨϸ⣬һͨʵ֮£лɷȮĸо
˵⡰񡱣ʱȹĵһ飬Ҳûöѡǻ֮󣬲ԼıԣôҲƴɵǷݷ
νվˣѧ
ӪͷֵµǼͷһһֲʶһȫԼȶͨˣٽ̸ͷͷˣٴ鳤鳤ȥٽ̵µıǣôһһ㴫ȥᵽѼȥˣһվƵġ
ҲûָȵֻͣǸĥʱķӣʡﺩȥ¡
죬ͷǾ߿࣬ôȥһӪôȥ˰
ʵû취ֻðǿ°Դڡ
ǣӪһ˺޵С̹١

ͥٷ뾩ּѾˣֻҪټԶУ˵˵ô򵥡׼ҲҪܳС
ŷæŰңûˣҲֵùһص̹ٵ񫣬⼸ܵӪȥָֻš
ɰӪıʿǳˣеڽСʵ̫ˡ
ȲѵСһӪ뵽ö֮ǰûҲûдֽϵġ
˵֮ǰӪǰжӣȻ鳤ãҪ뻯һֵضͷܿȵȵȡ
ϸҲȱ˾ȥ
ǶôҲô򱨸棿ķҲûô߰ɣ
û취
ƴɾô
һߣ۳һС﷽򶼲ܴ
ҪķڴͷһλãһҲС
ھ͵ôϴ˯Уо͵һҲá
֮ӪһҲøҶѳ
˵ľǸʲô񣬾úץĸɹϸ»úøӷǵ廨ƵĿٳɱǻܡ
еıʿҪı׼ˣȺٺһЦûϵǾͱˣ˯ѱӷӵѹţʲôʱѹʵˣܵˣʲôʱٸű˯

˵ȵһ֮ͨ£ӪΪ֮һ¡
Ҳû뵽ôһŪɢ˵һȺүǶò
˵ԶԶûﵽ˵뻯һĵزǹӾѾֶߣŵ˵һ㶼Ⱦʦķòѷɫ
ҪϾҪ淶๫ˣ뿴ܰȺثѵʲô

ʱ
ȺͲϥУߵĻϣмλͷűʿжӲȽһµĽ̵ʿѾԳҪ죬ʣµľˡ
ɼʱ
졣ȿߵļƱϦյͨ졣
ҾͲˡ
һǺĳȥС
𣡡ȼͷӭȥģֲǼˣ˵ɶʱ򻹻ء

Ҳá˵ûôڵء
ɾȥʦһչֻҪҲڵһ죬ܱϺӷһȫ
Ҳ飬šȭмصлˣ
˵꣬ϵĻҾͻȥˣָӱأ
Ҳȭɱأ
Ȼתֿһ۳еǣ󲽳Ӫȥ
ûȥͷ˴У˵ӭǷˡҲط֮ڣٵѾԻǲǺЩкӵཻ֮
ٿһۻڿѵľǣаأ

صƼǣΰ򸾶ڵҲڵš
Ⱥ淶ͽҪšһ߲֪ʱҪ׼ĶҲ٣ĿڴһͿʼʰæһ졣
ͷڵ￴æǰһ̳ƣͷš
ͷԱߣȾơ
Һˡ
һĿ㣬˵߰˱ˣϷҲɵ
Ͳ˵ɶ
˵ɶ
۾һصֲҶӣ˵ɶ

Цˡ
޶ŮǸϾ䷹˵̰죬˵һ㡰ҡİο
˵Ҫˣû㲨ȿǲŵġ
߰ɣȳĬ˰죬ͻȻڡ
߿һۣЦû
С
ϡĶȥȻûбôƽͷЩ
ȥǡȸơ
Ҹա
󣬵ȴļϣֻһᣬ۾￪ʼķ
˭ϡ˰죬зǺ
Ϸһ˳ԱȫҲúأ
١
ϵϵĻûͣȴЦ϶װõӲ
Ҫϻ죡ͷϹҲסһۡ
ҲˣѾƵǰ
ôˣ
ؽеɲôˣ
пž룬ضȻһ
ôˡ


57 
ڶ磬Ƽǡ
ȥʦǧ֮ң˵ǰңҲһ㲻ݣĿǲ١
뷶ȵļҵͷҵĶһװǡ
һ½󳵣Ϊһĳ룬ֻװ˰복ˡ
֪ȱûʲôҵЩƾ֮ɴֻʰ˳ϸٰǸһļţ¡
ţͺӴ̧һСӣûˣ񲻽ȫݶ˵˴Ǯôôҵ
бһۣôţһһҡƴţ
ʧţŵ˿⣬űҲһѻǮˮأ
þǰ๫Ӹ֪ҷɲС

ȵǮȥβǰǱӹ̫ܵˣζ뵱竰
һӹţСӣһƲôҲΪӹ֪
û˵꣬һУСģ
ԭӹţǱߵţҲûôֱ࣬ӾˡȻֻ۵һСӴŷֱӾҵ˵ϡ
һæ˹ȥӿǲᣬҪڽϣǰѽɡ
ȹȥһ˿ֻǱ˸򣬲ûҵš
㵱ĵ㣡ҡ
Сڵϣؽеʲôôô
ҵ
ԣɴקۣһҪֱŵһ£һֺˡ
Ƶҿ±˿ʲô
ô࡭
һװһ䡣
һЦ㲻˵˴Ǯ𣿡
⼸µӯ඼ء
еţԹԣöٰ
࡭
һƤԺġ

ࣿǿǧᣡ

жεݣŷ๫Ҫ뿪ݣԷļе͡еȺӸһֱŵ˳⣬εΪ׳ۡ
ĸΣҲ÷ΪжҪ֮ѾôΪЩİնʲô
Ⱥ䨡ʡͬһ֮ڣаգ档
ٵʦزҲһ־ˡ
ʲ޵صкϡ棿ÿһΣǾְأж֮ʱҲа͡
ȿһۣû˵ԴӺ԰ڵ˼β֮ɴ֮Ӻˣпһ
ʼȻͦԸ⿴ƿԵӣʱ䳤ˣ˵ûˡ
ʮһģʵȤ
ʱ䨳Ǳߣ㶼ٺ𣿡
ģкҲĳݾ͸ڻ棬оӺͺӦš
üͷᴥôߵô󣿡
һЦһȥȰɣǽв
ɲĴҪѹϺҪһӻƽ¶ˡ

Ѵǣ³ߵüӳֵгݳǣһʱʱ䡣
ڼ䣬һֱڳ²Уջ𣬺޲ðÿһ˶չ˵ˡ
гţڰջֵתϳ
ֻûԼϵĳȵ˵ĳ
ϳһǳŷ񣬡ȥȥһ

ҿŵŵĳݣ˵Ҫռҵĵط
Ҳ㼷ɣ붯
ţ
ðɣֻû³ˡ
һ³ϵʱɿ˲١ʰů¯ݹȥøů
Ѿ˶£ǱϣϣԷͺ䨶һο顣
ѾгԶݰȻ۶ɢءߡļ֮
նѴǣһһμѻ
ʵ֮ǣȶƨĵüãȴûһ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ãͷ֮ʢ飬ǵ˾ʦȴһˡ

Ϸȣ˵жټ级˵أ
͵ĵĲ޸ݣ⼸в౾ûͣԴҪЮټңֹͽһ޵ĳִж˵ϣĲ顱ۡ
еһӱʮѹ֣˷
˰Σ䨰οһȺѶ˵С˰ˣֻϣֻؾΪȨ֪־֮Զѣɲؽ黳
ĵǲȴȺ˻ŹǣҪСΪá
ؾɵľ֮ã񵡢֮СˣΪ˴ﵽĿģ伫ġΪ˰ᵹܣ񵾹Ȼһαźı־硣
ҡͷ֮ĺ󣬷Щûʧʦ֮طԸҲ
δȣʦȫµӣͻȻ
ɰٴ˴󡣡
ǧգ


58 ĸϻվĸ
ɰٴ˴󣻱ǧա
Ⱦã仰ͦӦģھ˵˳룬˶һ
ǧա૵߶ţû뵽СӲѧҲܼѾżá
ˣγû䣿
֪ǰ˰һ
ЦſԵǧգԲ飬ϣִȥʦŲ֮ģǾ֣ܷʲô
˵꣬תȣ޵ԼǣãԷй棻ʳΨĪ֮
벻ɻг¾еĲ֮
ͱͦοģһĺʱľп٣ڻϽȻҲ˵Ļ
ǣôһۣɫ
¾
һδʮ޿ʲô¾ھѧΪ֮ٴ㣬ֱӾȥˣ
Ҳ֪ʲôһģ;¿
ˣȷʵ˵ѽԿ࣬աڡ󡯵ЩҲǡʦȻҲͲ÷ʲôˡ



һ˵꣬ͷֲ̫ԡ
񡭡˵ˡ
ﲻס֣ˡ
ȣȣɤӣεصԿ࣬աǿʥ˵ģûϵ

ⲻе⳵࣬һ塣Сүקģǲ

ڱﲻסЦɻǶ鲻ҪϽǡ
ͿЦõصȣ˵һ䣬æǨͽʹˣ
ԣһƿӣ׽ң
ۡ
Ҳ̲ס㶻ˡ

ݵֱ߾в̫Զ嶼ܺã½·гͶ٣ڡԣ֮󣬳ӾתУݡݵؽ硣ڹݻȡӣɻˮһ·ϣֱﾩʦ⡣
ʱ¡֮һ·ȥ֮;֣ٵϼʲôˡһգڵ˹ݵؽ磬һգһΪмͣ
Դͩɽ´һ·˳ɽƶ£Ϫɺӣйڴ˴𽥷Żд֮;ڴ˴ǴԱֻǸ򼯣ȴһ·ϿĺܶطҪ֡
Ҳһˮ·Ȼ½·öࡣ䣬ټ;Ͷ٣ѾЩԲˣͬУǳŲĵ
˵ˣֲʮİСӣߵòûɢ˼ܡʱĳûмϵͳǳꤺ·ӲӲθֱĸоǳˡ
룬һʱһ÷˻һʲװҲʱ䡣
˼仹㲻Ŀջѷ˰ǿȵתת
ȱǲȥģ⼸ҲߵòᡣǰûãһС¶ӣʵء
Ҫ֪ڿڴΣҪɶûɶøð˵Ϊ˶꣬¶ģ˿úúöˡ

벻ǿƼ֮أ𿴵طȴ˻߸صǶ£֯Ʒ
ûʲô£ȴӰ췶ѡʱ񾹱һѶЩСʳ׼ûȥʡ
ʵǹ䷳ˣҪȥȴԶһ̯ӱϣվһӰʱͳͭǮ̯ʲô
Ȳһ·Ϳ˹ȥ

ʲô
ȻŮһ͵һȣǻŵذĶز
󡭡ɡ
Цˣʲôʲôö
ʵʣֻһ۾Ͳµó̯Ķ黨֮ŮõС׿ʲô
ֻȤǣĸϻϾҲĸģҲⲻǸǧ겻⡪
ûʲô׿Щִٵشš
֪ΪΣȴ꣬⼸µദÿÿãȱƵġ
ûʲôʲôȲϷŹơ
׿ĥû취ֻðһСӵݸȡ
ȴһЦøþ׿ᣬͨΣʲô

ѽҲʲô
۹ⲻͦÿġ
һ黨һԶ죬ֵǮ黨Ͷ׹϶ǶżŴ̵ıʯÿ
ڶ黨ϸıʯǴ𣿡

δȾ׿ڣ̯ϺŴˡ
ýй֪ⲢǴ񣬶ǹزʯ䲻󣬵ʤڱˣڹݿǺܰջӭġ
ҪҪ黨ҲУֻϲ٣ôεӣ񡣹ҪҪõϺó𣬼֮Σϵɹ죬Ϊ֮òˡ
Ϻ죬ҡ桱
λһСһ޴ӣ˱ǹϵǳһԲ⹫ӶǮ
Ϻһ˵ʣ׿ɫˣɳתףɰױ죬һķȡҪǺϺȴһȫӣ˼ƶ黨֮ϡ
׿δЩᣬ˼Ҷ˵ˣҲ˵һҪһҳʲô¶
ɴҲ˵ˡ
ȸûȥϺ˵ʲôҲûѾ׿ɫڰ˼ȫ黨ǵ֮ϡ
ʯ
ɫʯͷȷʵȥ͹է֮£еҲ䡣ϸƣֱ
ʯǡ
뵽⣬̲ס֣һۣ黨ϵʯ
ѽ׿һУúõ黨ôȿٻˡòУ㲻ҲͰˣôŪˣ
ȴȫȻԼ˾ʧ
ңʯлƵ𣿡
УҪʯ
лɫرǵ𣿡
رǣ̯ЩˣʯȻԽԽã⹫ôҪģ
ԽԽãʯ֣
ֲһ䡭


59 լΪʲôݲŮ
һ죬͵Ǵ˳Ӷ£ݣգͣݡǰдٶ͵뻴ӽ֮תˮտɵֿ⡣
һͣǴǷҵ˼˴
򻴺֮ԭ֮һȴˣٽͷϲ۴ǲ֡
˴ϰ͸͸Ҳ˳䡣
ȻβסįҪˣͬȥǣȥˡ
죬һ˶ڰҲ֪ڹĵʲô
˼ҲڿͲƾˣóŷŷ磬ͳ˼װ塣
ʹ˸ԴˮζĿȵҲһ泩
ҿҲûʲôˡ˷͡ϣ䨣ϵ˲඼ϰˡ
ΨһһڴϵӰȴڿ󣬾һתҪز֡
Ȳˡңʲô
ϴѾˣ죬׿û˵ȹһ仰ȻŪ黨
׿ɫ˭ˣܡ
ȻһЦذ
ңĸԱȥ
һ黨ҲֵʲôǮ
ҲҵĶ
㿴˵û¶˰ɣ

ȿڴϣŴµݳǣҵʱҲһʱûô࣬һõľˡ
Ҫ⡭
治Ҫ
Ҫ
ҿ˰

ôһ˵׿ۿ֪ʱһľСУȻҪӵˮ
ҪǰֹȴһĻЦ
Ӳӹʲô£ĶЩĵ
ȾٶȥˣС׿һøĸƢˣСļ޲ȥ
㡭׿ͺһ仰˵
úúãҲ˵ˣ쿴ϲ𣿡
׿ﲻְֻСӴ򿪡
ֻ澲һ֦Ư黨Ϻһ֦
ҲҪ׿ֻһۣͼæ˻ȥ
ôϲ
׿ҡҡͷС̫ˡ
ʵʱ̯פģ֦黨ʵ̫ˣҪʮǮûôǮŲѣ˶ΣǱ˵ġ
ֲҪ㻨Ǯʲô󲻹ģνصСͺǰ֧ӦҪҺʹæġ
׿һůҸлŶԣҵ
꣡˸ơСȥ
׿Ҳ֪Լðʧˣʶҿ
Ѿȥ¶ˣͲҪˡ
š׿Ӧš
У˼֣ؿ׿ô˵Ҳϰ壬𶯲͸˦ӣСҿӶʡ
ϰ壿
ҵ˼

ʵҲֻǡ
ֻʲô
ֻǾô̫ϧˣúõ黨ôˡ
һƲ죬֮
֦黨Сүȴһ
ʲô׿ʵѵǼʯ
£ž׿ߡ
ȵĿͲ֣׿һü˵˵ķ䶼ô
ȴô࣬˵ǰҲ͵ơʯмֽī⣬óذϵһСʯ۵ûУǱ
ʲô׿Ǵʯš
ʯɵķۣҲңƲƵģȫޱ͹ⱦ
͵Ƶϣ㿴Ϊʲôб
ĵƸ׿ԡǡҡˣҲֻհ졣
͵ƵϣƵĻڰ𲻵ʲôЧš
ȶذףѴʯ۵ļⲿյ˻棬Ȼþ׿ԾһĻˡ
ֻʯ۸һӴƻ𣬾̷ҫ۵İ׹⣬̵۾ֱӣ֮ǰĵƻ֪϶ٱ
ʯʵǶʯкһֽڸ»ᷢ׹⡣
ʯкжʣʾǿԵİ׳оõ
ʱȿʯ;ⶫе죬ϸ֮²ŷ֣νʯʵǶʯҲ˰ƷʺõĶʯɱʯ
ʯӦãʽʡȻĶʯУ˶ʣﯵĻʮֲӡѡʺߵֱĥۣҲǿˡ
Ҫ֦黨һ벻öءȵⰲʯ۽һᴿ۸һյĵƣ
Ǻǡ׿ЦúõıʯƣҲ֪ôġ
ȴ飬ԹԵص֪ҿʯʱ򣬵һ뵽ʲô𣿡
ʲôã̫Ȥˡ͵ơΪ֮ãȶߣ˻Ѭ۾ʵôεҹ˵ǲǱ
ҹĺ˶ʮȣʵڲϰֻ谵ƵȻԽԽá
⼸죬ʵʯͬʱҲһֿܡơ

һȼĵƣ͵ƺʹö࣬Ѭˡ

ǽȴֹۡɫӣȴ޷⣬ûУܲûУصѹҲˡ

ðɣʵҲ֪ô

ûϵƣۿöһ򵥵ĵ֣һǿЧ
׿ǿ߶ûͣ˼ֻóԴϡ
ѵ˰ɣֻ۵ġ

Щεɦɦӣˡ
լвˣΪŮǰ̸ܿᣬ˼Ҹ֪˵ʲô
Ȥջذףĵһ䡭
ǱܸǮ

׿Цˡ
ô˵Ҿöˣ׬ǮľһǱˡ

˵꣬׿˵ЩĶת̱ϣѶڴϵ·Ӷʼʰ䡣
ԺҪÿһˣҳӣôסˣ


60 ̥
⣬á
ִֵ֮ʼ飬ֻڲඨ֣ᷢλִƴγ׹ٵĵһ࣬˼ûеıʣбµ档
ΪѾдˣ֪
֨ŤŤתѳִ˻ͼɫӰ롣
ˣִвüͷһ
Ϊ׵Ĺݴѧʿֲ󻹸ˣһλȴոոսεܸʹ񵣬һ౥֮ģؾ˾ʹι
Ĳִһ̾ȨڴˣҪùټ֪ˣΪҳִҲҪ췴أ
һΣĿȻһ
֮ǰα鹹ݸı֮ʵ֤˶ִô˵ʹûֱ
๫԰˫ֳڳ䣬Ƥ˵˵֮ԣǴȥϷ
ִݸһЦ๫ˣ֣˵ĿԼҲδ๫Ĳǰɣ
㣡ŭէ֣˲
ˣˣֲˣػϣĲյ־λαΪһ޸С¶ֳأ
ִЦһ֪֮ǹ£˽Թ¹ع£˽Թ
ֲɫһɫ˵ô˭ҧ˭
Ȼ¹عƽȵĹ¡
ǹ£Ǿ糯ټңǷԻΣҲҪŰٹ٣ʹټңܵҵֵ
仰Ͷüֲһ仰Ҳ˵
ִ֡ĵϣǷȴȫ·ˡֻû뵽ҲڴС
๫Ϊ׸ҵȻҪ๫ǡ
Ҳýʷة˾ʹɣ
ƲһϵıֽαͱˣҲûбϵƽɣдʧ๫ˮ׼
֮⣬װʲôװ㲻ҲΪ
ִһ漴һή̾ʲôֱ˵ɣ
ֲһۣӶԷпЦ⣬׻Эˡ
˷ֱһӵϷϳˡ

ִ˵ûùټ֪˾ڴˣǵûҪ췴ɡ
Ҫ֪ͬƽ³ִУ֪Ĺݴѧʿֲܸʹ񵡢ʷةһ˾ʹι򡣴ξ٣ȨԳһֶˣһΨһĿľֹϣĻسΪ
ֲ˧ȿڣϣ³̣ˮ·Ҳõˡ
һҶֹּ֪£ټѻأվϳ顣
ӵϣ뾩ǲתǻӦ԰ɡ
Ҳ๫ǻҵҪް֮ˣѵټҾͲ𣿡
һִۣва̾
볯֮ʱԸֱ벻Ҳġ
˶˽ģⷿеļ˶Ǹ̥˭ΪΪģ
Ϊ棬Ժ޲ó֮졣
ֲǸͶߣ͸֮ʧ̵ꡣ
֮µ
Ǽϣ࿴ۣ䨵֣·͵㣬Լֲһ£˾֡
ԼǴؾ֮ãвͨǳִзġֵµԭ
ԡԵֻһǮǹټҡһǽͷݣģͬϣģ򿴹ټҵ˼
Թ˽֮ˡִоûһЩˣ֮¾ݡ
ݺݵص˳ִһۣѾʶǼܻΪԶ۵㡣
ʱԽݾͿʼƿڣ涼ڴǷųټҾ÷˴η飬ҪǣԲ֮
ǰһ˼ǣǹټҽҪô˵ʮ֮˾žǹټҵʵ뷨ˡ
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˵⴫Ǽٵģ
ǡǡ෴ʮ֮˾ġ

ֲšüϸƷ֮ԣϷӦǵ˹ټ⣬Ż
Цŵͷ߼
ʵϣԲµһ㶼ûȷʵǹŻȥͼҲʮԣΪ˰Ⱥ˭֪ټطϣģǣگ֮Ҳпԭ
ˮҡͷɴ⣡ټ𸴷ϣģǳ֮
ִаЦ֮ҿǸںԼǵ˽ɣ
ϷѾˣµٴƣټ𸴷ϣģϷƣҲҪ֮һλң
˵ţһȦλ˼
ֲ񣬡๫Ϊ֮ң
һֲӦˣԸ๫ͬ
δ˵ͬǵĻȴҲ̨֤᲻ֹس
ʣԺͳִûб̬
ִףЩ¶ԲߣҪƹ
γֱ䲻ϡ棬ǶִһͬԴв飬ûֹ
ҪǳִҲ֮ͬ˵ùټԷͺִһѡΪ˳룬ټҲء
˵ʵ
ִжˣ
Ȼм֮Ϊ飬ò˵һһݵİ취
ϣģɻس
ҡ
ʲôԥģΪ⳯ͥҲҵͬǣ
ֲԳΪݣ״˳ִеķߡ
һҧ
ã
ϣףҳִеһƬİɣ
񵡢ֲϲгִƽ¼֪Ժµ¹ټҲͷ
Ψһֻδ
˿ʱֻ΢΢һЦ
Ҿ˰ɡ
СС˾ְ֮λ๫ȣ
ĳףԸλ쿪ʤɣ

ؼʱ̣ˡ
ң벻ǣԲˣʹ˸ӡ


61 ִ
ȿһЩڱζǿϣһֱǣСԸũռλһǧǰܾۼ˾͵ĶУֱһ漣
һƪݿ⣺
һǧǰҹȫĳжһƬڣֻдεĳеƻԻ͡á
һǧǰҹȫĳжһƬֻйĳӵЦ

⻰˵ÿһţȴԣ
ʹںĴгʶһǧǰġ綼С˽ȣվǰʱҲıˡ
Ų۴֮ϻУʼһϰһ̯֧̿·ϣӦŴ
ǣţг߽ŵ˳غӶУ֮ϣ۴ǲò֡
վڼװϺò˷ܡ
˼ʢе
վҲһΣ뾩ʱ䣬ֻˡ
ףͻȻе㲻ԣ˵ʲô
ôûǽζôûǽأ
ǽƲһۡ˴ǻʮĳǽ

ԭûء

۴ֵг߰ԶһΡΡǽبߣȲ̾ôûǾ㷱ǳʲô
һûܳʮʮƽͺ׶ࡣ䶦ʢʱڣȴһٶʮ˿ܶȼﵽ˺Ϲˮƽ
Ҫ֪һǧǰʱŷĳӢ׶أİ裬˹ȳеĹģˣεĶȴǾ۰֮һǡ

ɶˮһ·ˮڳǡ
۴ӱߵͷȥȽ͵ǰ¾ţﲻߴֻڴϰˡ
Ȳ޲ɣﷴЩڴ˵ľССһͷҲ޵
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ʱ͡䨵Ҳ˲֣ϰѾʼֱۡ
磡
Ȳ˳Ŀȥֻһ׵ȴ
ܣ
ûͣȣ´ȥ磬
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ٺٵЦţѳ꣬ĪҪٵСӡ
裬֪Ҫְ׼ͬʱҲּŷ͵ĳӴӶˣҲŵطھʦδ¡꣬һֱڿ⡣
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иײˣҲӣҲ쵽ˣڴ˴ӭӵģá
ðɣŴӸվȸ첻á
ֻӺͼӣʵ԰ˣ
һͣЩεصҷ˽ȥ𣬲԰С
һЦ䨵ⶫڣϷˮޣʦ³ܼ˾ˡ
Цϣֻǲţ˼Цң
Ե˵𣬱ǧգ
˵ţʹʹжҡ
㲻ͬĶСߵķʣ԰˭˼е£
ʰһۣҲ˵ֻ˵һ䣬԰ͷˡ
Ȼʣȴ˹
磡ʱϹϾؼŪҲ÷¡
ЦԼֵܣĪҪ񡣡
˵ܲλ鶼ɵˡ
ֺͶ䣬תȡ
ƴɣ
Сӣˡ
~~һָ֣ŷʵ״֮Уἰڵݵ˸Ժɵһ˴֮ɱѧ
һȣֵɲô˵СƤúܣǻᵱġ
˹һЦ겻ֵ֣гȣһǢ
մɽӷ硣
绹˵һˣⲻͼ𣿵ܿǵġ
֣ҡͷˣδٲ⣬Ρ⣡
Ȳ⣬ȴӼ˵Ȱģֻһ㣬͵𣡡
һҲø֮٣ڷʹǹٵϣһֱֱ
ܲھʦȻ֪״ǹ٣Ҳõѡ񡣡


62 گ
Ŵӡֵܳ԰ƬС֣ǰȻ
ƬλӴ֮䣬һǳн־һȴˮˮɫȷʵһɶõĺõط
ȿһּӳһᣬ˵Ҳ֪԰ʲôˣ⴦԰ӶôһطңҲʧһѡ
һʷӲ֪԰ĵطǵҵҲ͹é
ʹǮ˱໹е󰡡

ӴͣӴֱϣʱ͡ѾǰҪϳȴһ¡
أ

ôһ˵˲´֮󣬷ֻ˸棬ҲûӰ
ӿЦһֲ֪ķȥˡ
ˣջȥɡ
ֲһ䣬ĪҪס
ǰֳһۣ͹ɣ㶼֪СڵжҰ˵һ˳
һӣҲ˳Իл
˳ӴǰУھǵլн֣Ŷͤ䣬ԶӴһ·־㵽ˡ
ᴩֵʱʵһѡ
һаɿɴֱͨϱмһֻм֮⣬Ĺɶ֯
ԹԣȰէ࣬ǺҲѼɿɰٳĴɣ
໹ˮ·þ޴שʯɹСֲ߽ҡ桢ӵȹӽʱ괺ģ￪ɻƮ㣬ɷǺÿ
İ߰װһźˣֻгԻȡ
ָźӵһƽŵΪţ֮صšҹСָľˣô䣬ֲ˼顣
ʮֲϲҹУӻʲôõģһ־һҹŵ˲ð
ҡͷܻһ㶼û䡣
ֲԶתһӾͣ³һ׷ΪԹôˡ
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⻹ֵʱҹʱ̷֣ټ˳ͣˡ
˷լȲ´⴦լӺ͵ݵһҲǸСԺռغС뷶ȫԲϡ
ӽôĵطҲԼģǰ귶ڳΪ٣һլӡȥߓݣƵݣ⣬ȴ˾ǣһֱš
Ҫ֪ιԱĹʿǻļǧʷ֮ߵġÿµְ120ᣬ»150ʯÿ20ƥ1ƥ50н⣬ָҲĿ࣬вǮǮн̿ǮǮȵȣʹʳǮҲ񵥡
̬ǣôߵĹʣõĻһݣ˫ݣ
ιƣְȨֿ˵ǹٷǰԱƷʣְҲǰµĹٷһݶ
˵ڵķͣʡСĹְְ͢һݹʣ֪¡ʵְһݹʡ
ּһ飬нߴǧǮ㷶һٱᣬһøǮҲǺɵ顣ٹ󣬵ô٣һҲʲô⡣

˴ӵݳ˰£ڵ˵طˣ԰
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ΨһͬľǣεĻʳ̫ˣװеְܲšԳ˶ĹŶڻʳ֮⣬ʡҲ˻ʳϽǡ
͵ȴ鷳
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๫Ժ¹ͽɴǰ
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ţ͹սá

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벻ҷ;䵽һССɣҪŶĵز²ӵĻ䡣
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
˵ټگĵµճ֮õ巵Ҳ˵ùȥôǸǽԷǻʵ۵޹⳼ǲġ

Բض룬ۼҸּǡ
˵ţÿһһơ
룡
롭
˻ʳǰͿΡשһ㱣뾩֮󡭡ࡣ
벻ֻص
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Ǹ޷ͻĵط
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á
Ȼһ̾õˣ
ȻһЦǷִе϶öֵõġ


63 Կ࣬
õˣ
ȵǷȶöֵõġ
ִжǰԴ֮¸ǻ氵ء
üͷһ壬ԽͣԳִеˣټҼگ벻һϵľȻǳ๫֪๫Ҫȥ
һףһεִؾسپͲû˵ǹټگִͣпɱ¶
ִв⣬ʲôɲɵģִڴ˹ʱˡ

ִͨм뷶̸ֱ

ɫһףЩҲסˡˣĳۣټҵӶοһ̡
Ϊ֮ʱͳٲļϷҲлԳ๫˵
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˭֪¾֮Է˲ƽ˵Сһ㣬Ϊ˹˵ˣⳡƷ
ʵǲпģҲƶǷ˵ģ˭Ҳ޷ھжǷ档
˿̵ĳִΪһӣöԷ
ǣαĽǶ˵Ϊ˸ҪĶò˺ǣһҪ˺ȥ
ˣͻһ񡣡Ϸ˵Ļֻ䣬Ǵɲأ
ȻǣִȻͦһ࣬ոǸٶΪģҪ˵ĻȴΪΡ
˵ǣ㲻Ӧû
ŶȻһЦ๫ãϷ򵱺ʱ
ǹִʱ򣬵Ϊ˽ֵʱ򡣡

Ϸ˵Ѿˣ𣿡
ִȫһʶشţ
Ȼ๫ͿЦˡ
ЦüΪЦɫһס
Ϸ˵Ҳֵģ͸Űɣ

ڳִгǰһ̣Ͷ˻֮£Щ˵˸С
ڣϧУĵ࣬ͻȻһֳȻĸо
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ԭľ籾Ӧǣһŷϣǣʵۿ޹׼ˡȻ٫׵أѷھʦѧʹǧٳ£ˣһͳ˳ĴϷԲĻ
ĳ룬һŸտֻһ̨ʣͳ֣˵û꣬޲ð̤ٳʼһֱ֪еĹȫһ顣
ֱֲҡͷ˵ʲôҲټʲôӦٳְ
ۼ֮Σѣ²ܼ⣬Ⱥ໽ʥأ֮ʧҲʥ¡֮ա־Ｚ˾ٻʥĻת·ǣ
񵿶Դȴû֣ˡ
ǣ
ˡ
񵻰䣬巵ը˹
һЩĳ֪๫Դв룬๫Ǻݰǰջؾձһ糯ôһҲû˭ˡ
ͷ֣Ҿ֮ȴһ˿Ц
ҪľЧ֮Խ󣬹ټҳܵѹҲԽ󣬵㷶ϣôҺͶ
͵͵һۼֲ˵ˣ
ֲĿбӵضŵ棬װûѰ˲֪ٱˡ
ôģǾǣеӵĶ֪ںͷϣĸ棬ϹټҸʲôΣѣ²ܼѷ͸ϳȥºʵ۸ô죿
񵿴ֲûӦ˵ˣ㵹Ƕ
ֲ˵û³һٵȵȰɡ
ƽɣ
ż֮ʣȴڿڣ˵Ĺ졣
ĶִֿУ˵ȴ룬ִҲһ²ؼӣѹû˼
ֿⴺܻǿ׵İɣ
Ǻǣɴͷ˹ȥ֮ӡ
֪һˮľոմӳִеֵԾ͸˵Ϻ治ôˣ㶼֪
һΪϵһģһǶ֪ѣȻԵģû̯ˮ
ڸоԣϣͷһʷة
ҡҡͷ˼ǡ
ϸ磬ˣֵҲﲻˡ
ˣ㷴ˡ
Ļһ£Ǹ˾ܿɫơ
ֹɫƣֱŭɽҡ
Ǻ⣿Щ
֪ˣǼҲò
룬ϻ硭
ˣ
˵ûð
⡭Ѿ
ʵʹ̣ټֻҪ;¿ջࡣɷϣûϷˣֻԺˡ
׼࣡
¡
һûûȥ
һڳҲһټû籾
׼ˣҲǼ뼸ʵۿȰ޹ֻö׼һʵʿĺ󣬳Ҳ˲Ľĺ
ô๫һֱӾ׼ˣ
׼жһְȨϹ硣
˻
ڳһжһְȨټǶŭǰһߣףζû
ʱֻתûڵϡ
ãȻҰУƽ֮֮֮ı֮֮ھһ˳Ϊһǡ
Цԡ
δߡ
࣡


׼ּл֮ʱһ˭Ҳû뵽˿ˡ
ͣ
䣬ࣿ
Ϳһʬ񵣬̾һǰһ
飬سá볯ĺأ

񵾪ȵؿͣû뵽ΪԼ˵һ仰
ҲаޣȣΨɱ
˷֮ԣҲǸпǧ
һĻ죬ٴ֮ʱҲǷͣҪ൳֮ʱΪЩ֮ǰȺĳԣȫ˳ֵȶ
Ĭãһ̾
ޡ̫ˣ񵸨йǣȻʷ棬飬֣׼˻硣
ּл
·һӲʮ꣬ΡΡٴγҾл˵һߡ
֮󣬷͸֮ٴϳ飬ȰȻȥѾֻ׼࣬
ǣͼְһ԰볯ǰصҪ޶ȥ𣿡
һӴ˷еټϲ٫ƽ˶ȰοԶǰȰһ䣬˼ǣٲӣеˡ
Σֻлּ
֮󣬲٫౨ԸѧҲǮǧᣬڳһʱֻʱ׷׸飬ɳִǣͷһְѧϣġ
㶵ؿŻʵۺͲ٫һһȣĻõģϸһأ
Ŵݵˣ͵͵˵һ䡭
ʵ֮Ҳ
ֲҲһ麹ûǸ϶һȥҡ
ⲻ֪ô֮ձһҲǰϻˡ
ˣִڶȻ򵽣ϣˣǧƣȴͽ͡
˼ҷϣѹûǶ


69 Ϊҫ
³֮ʱȥҲ½巵

ӺﳶһͺĿصųִС
ΪβԮң
ִ˫ֳ䣬ޱƲһ񵡣
ֿˡ
ʲô
Ҫвȵˣǻʵۣ

ֻһѹؿڣһ㴭Ŵ
Ȼӣβ˵Ӻ𣿡
ִҡҡͷħ֮ˣûʲô˵ġ
Ҫ㿪ӣȴ룬ֲ˽
ֲһϧص๫̫ļˣΣҵԮ
˵꣬ҡͷһ̾߿ˡ
ǰһڡ
ˡ
˵æ̧ȥ񵡣
Ͳ巵һ˵ˬ죡
һ̶˵ǽѣҲһµĿʼ

һ߳÷һ٣˳ڳҲΪ֮ͣ½Ų
תȥִֻд󲽳ǰվ
˲ĿУִл
ڡ䡢˫ƺϱֱ£Ҿ
ȥΪҫ
ִмþȫ󺰣Ȼ顣
һݸΪʮ꣬ѾǵĴ볯֮ʱ˹ԡҫ֮ˣҲһΡ
Ҫȴǰٹ޲¶Ҿȵ
ȥΪҫ
ٹٸ߳Զڻĵµ·ϵжš
巵ķ򣬲Ľصǰٹڸˡ
һ֮̾£ڷҲ

ʹʱֻһѪֱ嶥ڣԾЩᣬΪٰϹᣬֻò佭˿̿еĸֵõġ
𡪡Ϊҫ
֣ص泯ٹ٣һ
ɽ𢣬Ͱˣ
˵꣬˵Ŀ֮£ȥ
һлĻݣҫۣ

ͻصլ˵˳õ־ʣĿɿڴ
βưʦȻ˸ݶôʣ
ڷ飬ȵĻ̧ͷһۣˣϷģعҲˣɡ
ʲôһʱûӦ
䨴԰ǻĳ˲ǿºڣҵȽһԺ𣿡
һ죬ˣ
۲˵ڲŰꡭ
ߣһߣͷ顣
ôʴϷ򵽹˲٫ϰݻһл֮顣
أʲôأȻ֪һγѹٴˣһأӽʡ
˵ԭɣȵһӦǣôٵǮһᣡ
ǲ٫ĵĶ
΢һͣڳʮӱϣһлɽĵط
ɽӡ󣬺ʱ·š
˵ţ˵ǲܼп͹
һü٫ʹ죬˳͵ˡæ±īӭ
Ȼǲܸܹܸ֮ܲǰ˵õˡ
ͽӹһȴһ
ΪֻһŵʮĶĵطԺɡĳ룬ܸݹһ۵顣
ɽһǧʮĶ軧ũһʮ˻̡̡ŵһ䣬Ҥһɽɽլһ
ܸһһ˵ͣںöֱէࡣ
٫Ҳ̫ôˣһأɽ
һ۵Լֵͬɽֱƣ»ˣϷܲá
ܸӣЦΪСˣԣڣСȥҪԷġ
ƣȻ֮ǣǹټ⣬ҪȻҲһڡ
һǹټ⣬ҲȻˡ
ϳһϷ϶ǹټҺͲ٫õģһҲ֮
Ϸлˣ
ܸȻһЦãʵɽɽһ̿ǲܸҪһӪգڷԣԺɣһӦöҲǲСĿ֧ܼһ̿ÿӯ֮óɣѧʡ
ù˷ˣ
ﻰΪΪζټһֱԷҪӦ÷ġʺﻹҪ淶ȫ϶񡣡

ں棬˵ܼҺųƶ׸Ȼ٣γҲ󷽵ˡҴŲ٫г֮ҲԡһܼҶôߵʣʾҵĿְͷø˻ʵۺͻʺ治һ˰
ԣȰӶ͹ȹ죬Ҫȥɽ֮ʱɵ֪һ뷶ȥɽӡ
ܸ߶˼ϸ͸Ƕȥ
߲ܸеһ飬ЩصûϷѧСӳʣ
Ȱһۣѵʦοǲ䣡
۾һСӣ𱰲ֿǲТô򣡡
ʦҪע󡣡
СӣҪʦص

һԣһȻţȴ⻶һĻȫ˿ȥ
ϸһͼһһˣһЦ˳
ʦͽڳҪҲԹзٳ
εɤӣʧ̬֮ʱ
ȿȡ
˵꣬ͽϲг
һУһȻǻ˸ˡ
Ŷ˻
ǴЦģһѹţ춼ǰŸ
ͷһҷǶ㣬ǶԼˡ
֪ȻЦšĹ£ˡ
ǽ첻ͬˣǵһοЦᣬҲһη֣ҲͳһЦ֡
һԣƺǡ
޹һᣡ
ȸڶ˺棬ؽһ䡣
һ죬֮ػСȥ
ʮƪТԣ
ҡۣ
ȲûѪʮƪТ
Тȫǧ֣ʮ飡˰
ʦǲ׵ء

ء


70 ùĺ
˵Ϣûվͷʦ±½֪
޲Ϊ֮ǶϧԳ͢һλ๫֮һͬģԴвۣŭĹ¡
°ǿҵףѷ˵ԭɶᵽż档һʱ䣬Թڣзŭ֮ǰ÷࣬ŪһֶѬ죬Ӱ켫
鴫УΪԹɶֻüæһּ񵼴뾩þ
๫ڳʮأ˴λؾնߣԱӿӵʱߵû죬˴γ¼һ룡
ձڶ;̸Ǿˡ
߶øͷ˺ĵز
뾩գֹŵһΪ֮УܴػһӲʮ꣬ȻǳǶȥ
һͬ˴뾩޹ˡ
˵ˣһӦģġöѡŷޡ
ŷǰһθϱּһ٣вơ˵ϷܴǣʹСҲˣΪɶƫƫҰ
룬˼£ﴫϢϣѴǣ˾
Ϸ
ѧˣûֱϱȸд˷ţףط͡ຣ˵ϸţȥ
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ŷޣʱ䣬ͻӵ˵š
Žŷ޶жԷͱʾοʣ޵Ƿٴ𸴵Ŀܣȭȭ֮ġ
֮ӼλѶԷ˰ѧû˵ʲôȴԼǸ˸ʦ˵ѧҶӾͽˣ̲ãһȥˣ

ת۶¼ʷؽߣְּ׼
䨵Ĵ༸ǰǺͷһȥģǵʱ缱ӿ˼֮£һͬĿ̫˷飬䨵Ӿʱѹ
ѾˣҲᣬٴǡΪˣרʹ֪֮ͣȷʵʺϼΪ֮׼ġ
ͬʱ׼һ˵ǡܡ
ܱ֮󣬾֮ģ෽֮һֱûͬ⡣񣬼ȻϣѾˣûбҪٰŶˡ
Ҫ֪λʮˣҲûؼˡ
֪ܽӵ׼ּĵ͸ȥһţ
»գ
˷ࡣ
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˵ĺף»֮ʱ÷ͱƣͷӭϸӳȥˡ
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ȻЦټ˵ýأ
Ҹʲô
Щϳ䲻ٳüΪȴ׷淶ŲȣΪѡġ˵£ʥοǰ
ͷ˵Ҳԣз͡䨡ѧ˵֮š
˵Ѿȥɽ︴̩ɽѾ飬Ҫ뾩ˡ
Ŷһɡ˵ϣĵԺû̾Ѳ̫ѧ𣿡
һЦؿֿˣ̫ѧ뷶ԺͬʦһȽϡ
Ϊ⣬һдε̫ѧͷԺĸʤһһ߼õӡֻǸտһۣһѰ˦˳ȥ
ɷҲ
֪ټֵһæӼҳͬʱ̲ס͵һۡ
һҪֻһۣҲˡ
˵ôôϵջ˵̫ѧء
ϺȻдţ̫ѧԺֱ訣ˡ
֮Ǻ֣
ھԺּ֮֮벻׼࣬һ꣬޺ú÷ʡʡ
ЦֲЦ˵ҲùģּҪȥ
סһ̫ˣǰɣ

ͻ֪һʱɧ보ɣȴ˱
ʱ䨣ڳĴϣƷ𣬳ŵ۽ò⡣
ȿŷһһĺСơ
䲻ˣ̲ס²ۣϿʡŵȣǰǲ;ƹģǴǵǲˡ
䨾Ʊͣڰգʱһôûˣ
һ죬ָŷ͵ʦˣʱ䣬ʦ󷽵úܣ˾ͼ̳˾ͼ̳͹ˣ
ھĹǶۼǾƷˣǰܸʮ̳
һ壬Ժ;ˣˮɻд
һۣʵλûʲô취˹ٷˣĹơˮھŵ·εģڶͷͳȥˡ
ŵɣ͹ˣ˲ɱҡ
䨿Цӣô˹ٷˣüڱ֮ҲҪ˹ţ
һЦûȵĻ¶
ֹһϴ棬ɽˣ֡
ȳһǺ󳨸ϣͲġ
̹ȻЦܾϷ֮ˣȻҪ
ĪҪ˵壬ȥء
䨹ЦǻҪлɵĻҩأ
䨵ķ֮Ѿȴǰ̫ˣȻվ˹ؽڻЩ飬Ѿ糣һˡҪ֪ڿǶ죬ʱ䨶²ġ
˳⣬ֻһľɽٺӶӣòڡ
Ȳֱܹ̾ʹȻǷһõĵط
߱˰εķҲ޵ɽˮԳһ԰ؾҲ˰ɣ


71 ɽ
ɽλڿⶫʮ⣬˳ˮֻһʱ
ɽɽһǧĶȵأγһء֣ʶ
һɽУȶƽԭΪһһС֣ɽڴȵٽĵط
վڴϣȥֻϱɽͣƽԭȵؼм䣬ɽƽ
Ƕգ˼ֲԴ䣬˿ɽ⣬ϱɽΡɹʯӳ
£ԶƽȡӣԼɼһּԺ䣬¥죬ɾ
ܸǰͷͽĹ½ܵɽʼϼձ֮أֻɽһƬլǲܸģϼططϲñ뵱صũɽȵ£ɽϱ֮ʱɽǲŽû˵
ָŰͣһŴʵ˵ֻǰʮСôͣôബ
¹صýй̴֪Ҫڵģֱӽǡǰһͣڳȣӵ˵ϿҲ޴š
ϼȥ֮Ҳ˵رôõĵطϧ΢Ӫһ£ڰ˲ͷ̴ͣ
ǹ¼߾ʦˮ·Ĵ̶֪ɽһ㶼ͣȥ˺ţʱٽǡٺ˶ˣͷΧ˽ŵꡢ̡̣㴬̲
ȵͷ˵ܸǻ⡣
ֻôõĵط˻ͷЩϧˡ

˵䣬˰´һⰶϵ˻治٣Ÿؿ̾ۼͷΧҵר̵⣬Ҳ㲻
ͷǻɽ壬һֱͨɽ·һũķ·ſƾɣࡣ
ܸ¸˸ŽȥҴ͸ҵ̵ƹ콻ȥˡ
ȫöŽĸȽʱһֱţó䵱˷Ĺܼҡ
͵һܸţ·ɽ
ɽ£ɽƽߴҲٶףҰãվɽˮɽ۵סȻ٫ܫ^Ҳܵլӡ
լӷͿ֮Ҳʮ⣬ܼǾǾ޸õ԰ôܲˣ
ܫ^Ȼǻ˼ģլռʮĶͽɽµжΣӳľ֮䡣
԰ի¥ȫԺȪˮС̶ˮ鿷ͤֻҪԼӸĽͿԺ֮á
ͺͷլϲĲˣθĶ㹫ãֿɲʧԭ̬
ȿҲò죬Ȼ˳ȥΧԺǽ̽
ǶլʲôȤ԰ڴɵ԰ֻ֣һˮƽ԰ӣȸûʲôо
˾úãû彭ϵЩ󻧶԰ӽˡ԰ֻƽ̹ȥི⾳԰ȴ壬һһܱ
ôת뿴⴦Ժ֮ܲٽһƬᡣ
ʧǣ⴦լýɽһƽϣһ͵ðѷӸǵбȥˡ
εһ죬ѧֻܸǵɽȥˡ
ҲãѧԶ㣬Ҳʡմظ

ѧ
ѧһ뷨ˣӺƷͰѧʼͻȻ뷨һר壬ֻΪƽѧѧУ
˵ӵһȰ˵ʱʼΪʲô˳ΪʱҲʲô뷨
ǣֻһˡ
һܸʲôأĳ㡯ͻƣȴܸı桯ϵУǣʷߡ
ǣ뵽˰ѧЧĩ˶пѧķʽһʱ˼ά˲šֻииĶ
˵ȱٵѪȱǽָİ
˵ȱٵ޴ɿڣԪһͳ¿ɴ
ǰҲͬ
ǣһʱ䣬ȴ˵ķ軰ˡ
ȱٵЩѧ
ʹγ´ƣײоƷζ֣ʱȱѪֻ̫ˣΪȫ綼һԵıůֲ˼
ǣγĸִһΪελãȲͻƿ׸߼Ϊ̫жһֻֻ졣
һر۷ʿΪ޵УȴܲסһȺС޵ΧŹֻ
ǣһнʿɵ˲Ͱıˡٺɹ𵤴޺ճɥ𵤡
ôıأ
䣬Ĳ棬Ψһ뵽ģôθ
ԣ
װƵĻǣ
ֻôͻﵽǽ𵤴ޡ
ԵʵԵ
ֻεʵѵһȫµĲΣֻԭƬҲ㲻˴εͳν׼Żԡ¡֮ġǸʱ򣬺ܶڿ⣬⡣

ƸѧǴͻƿ
ƸۻҪܳʱƸſܴ˶Ƶĳ̶ȡ
ͻѧֻܿѧˡ


72 ѧ
ĿǰֿõƣֻһŰ롭
һǵݵϺӷǰţǼĻɽѧ
ϺӷľӪģʽЩںũ磬䲻ƺΪУϺӷСԸũãݵĹũũȫȻԼͥΪλӪգǣͳһֲͳһ۵ģʽѾγɡ
˵ϺӷȻ֧乩ϵĽ׶Ρ
ӹƷֲƣٵۡһľӪģʽѾʼı˵ϺӷĲ׳ԽԽ˻ʶģӪĺôȡ顣
δĻɽѧһԶ塣
֮еѧû뾩֮ǰ
ΪҪˣ˵Ϻӷȱһ˷ɾôһ˷ȫһҲûҵʵѡ
Ⱦ˹ˣŵݳǻҲһ˵ˣһ֮²֪˵ģͲҡ
˷ڴοϡȱȱ˲šΪʲôأΪʶ־ͨ˷Դֻ
һǶҵδɵⲿУǸ˽׼㿼ϣҲûԡֻЩƶŻΪƳǮҡ
ֻǣ˱٣ȱǮĶ˾͸ˡֻҪһ̼ҸнƸãš
ڶ־ʦͽһ˷ͽܣʮܳͽߵ
ԣϸ˵Ҳ֪಻ˡ
һû취Ŵɱߣ˼ʹķʢĴΣҲʮһĴڡ֮иǵ͵˷ָҪȻҲкһУͱΪǧżѻˡ
ڶʵһһĵ߽ѧԼռʣһ˲Ҵŵĳë
Ȼ뵽һ⣬ǻĹŴĽģʽִΪʲôжôĲͬ
ں
һֱڸĵĽƣΪ̰Ѽʽ̳ĶһЩǵܵˮ߲Ʒ
ⲻ֪ǴʱµĲٷչеĻġ
˵ˣüˣ˵ȼ⡣
ǿԽڣ˻ԼġհĽģʽȻУɲռԴ࣬ἫԼ巢չǣֻѼʽٳɷȥ㼼ùȱڡ
ڸ߼˲ţǿڻ߸ɴռȵ͵ȥѧ⡣
ȻҲųˮ߲Ʒ֮лͻģڳΪ⡣
עʽӢģʽھѧǱܣʦֻ·ˣѧʲôǿѧԼ
ǲܸߴУ
ͦ߶ˡ
ǣ׶ʵѾ˼ǧˡ
ȷ֣ĹŴĽʵǺĽģʽʵеľʽ;Ӣģʽʦݵһ·˵ĽɫǿѧԼԡ
ʦţڸˡ˵ľ
ĽʽŵԶ׼˲ʼߣֻҪ˿ƾһأĶţˣʹδͨƾٲٳҲھӢײ㡣
ȱҲʮԣһ漫˽ɱѶ˸ϷӢײΪ˹̵λѶΨһͨ
һ棬߳ɱӢģʽִСĻռʡ
͸˷ͷôľҪǷںһߺȣӦƸܴһǿ
ǣȷ˺ݣӢ÷ȥɣӾͽˮߣֻ˷Ҳûѧ
ӻѣ

ĥѧҪôͼŽϵɽ
ˣ
ô졣ŽĲŶϵϸֻǺм̵ƹһ棬˻ûء
ȵͷָɽµĹȵصãҲıһ£ѧڿɽǵĵطãͷϺЩ
ŽһɻҪɻûͬء
֪ڽѧͿǼԵġһӵܣԼǸʮޣ̱ˣǵȷѧҵ
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ŽһֻûصܽȻãǻµĺ¡ҿɽͦãմմԺ
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Žһšüͷ̫ãԤĲ̫һ
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ѹֲ٫԰ӣ͵صġƬȵؿȥһǧĶʵʱֻиͷǿɽĵũڡ
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73 廪ѧ
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һƻۣǵδܴܺҿ·Ʒʱܳݡ
ΪɶŽеֲס
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լԺ֮ʱһͻȻһԺûأ
һü˵ǣԺû֣ϣΪʲô֣
Ͳ˼صڻɽԻɽΪɡ
ɽԺظһ顣
رʦҪ͵ˣԴ˹٣Ϳʼ·ˡ
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֮⣬ȴƨĵòźۼ
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֪ͻȥţ֮¶ȼٳɵġ
ǣĺѵı㲻ʲô尡ˮƽеƫϣĲΡ
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ӣյӦѾ͵ԺȥˣΪð׼߿ˡ
ҡͷȻȲµԡ
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74 
廪ѧðȶȤζš
ĳĳͶ廪ѧ漮쳯Ԫʿڡ
ðɡ
ͳɹֹ廪ѧΣԺʽΪԺ
ȾҲվɽۺӣοˮ
һ·ɽеò죬Ҳ
ò˵ڵĲǺת̫࣬ͷɽլӣ·̣һ·䨾ҲֻǱȳһЩˡ
еɽţŽĴһϺ
˽ǰŽĽܵǻɽ
ϺŽţ˸񣬡๫С϶ʵ๫ʰˡ
һƣ˼ϷѴǣ๫֮ˡ
ʵ΢΢Թ𣬵ଣ𣬴γû˵ˡ
Žʱ廰ողܹѾ˽˵Ƿ
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˼ˣ
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Ϊô꣬Թɫı»еģ䲻άҲǵֻ
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ոŹѾϺ˵ˣҪɽĵأ๫ģϺվʹŴ׳԰ȥģһ๫õء
˼ңиʲôֱ˵ɣȥĴۡЩЦãϺһǺľګ֮ˣҪѧ˼ƨ
СүĹ
ʵɫһ죬֪ԼԴ׾ӣ˿ˡ
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ٶĶ⣬ٹᣬ治ʲô
ʵһˣ۾һȣϥһ䣬Ҫȹˡ
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ˮף˼䡣
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Цſ죬ȻǶ飬δ

飿̧ͷ䨡
Ķⲻٹᣬȥ˰һٶ໧ũҲֻʣ¼ʮǮ

䨱˵ˣƴô
ȼЦ
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75 ð˷Ǯ
ԽΣһֱ˵ģʱУҲ
ʹڸεľ̬ԭʼ²۴ε£ҲֻǺ￴ģ
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ûȫȥִ˼άĴԽ޷ܡ
һʱ䣬һֱΪԼѾһˣʱѾ㹻˽⡣
ϧʵ֤˽ĻԶԶ
ôֻǻɽٶ໧ƴһĪչˣ
üëӣ˽ġ֣ⷬ˵ʵģʱȰҪ
㣬ɽũڴǺõˡ꣬˵޲軧еصũҲܶˣ
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Ҳ֪ܲһһˣν޵еĴڣһ֮Ʋһ䣬һ֮زһ


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ãͷһصȣ
ɣ㵽ǴѧЩ


76 ʮǰϻ
˳˼һ·˵֮һʱֲǶǴֱ˶ˮţ˲ʰ顣
ͣһ´ķ͵ϣĲͬȥ𣿡
һЦδ˼ڣ־Ͳȥ˰ɣ
´ΣʰϷ´ȥһƷ˵衣
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ȸں棬Щ˼أһͷĶԴ𣬲һ񺮣ʮˣôΪϲ
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˸ûкòơ˵ð¶ʱզͲáС˵¶أ
Ȳһʦһ߶Žһͬ棬֡
ŽĿʱʱͷһ԰ӵķֻЦ
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ţһɣ԰˹Ȼ£
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γȻżȥļŮţȾѧ
Žļ꣬԰˻δ뻨֮ʱѾʦҵܼ֮߹ĽΪʣһ衣ȴ룬԰˷ǵ߹ĴҲ˻ȥ߹־롣

żһԼСʣĸСò԰˺ţҲס
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ðɡ
ⲻǹ죬ֻǿҪʲô
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77 
Դӻ˾ǳˣ;Ͳûڼˡ
Ǽʹһץס͵ȥ˹졣Ҳ֪ԼѾ˷ͣǹһһ죬Ȼø裬ȵԺҲ㱻ˡ
գο˳ŷͲڣһͬȥؼӿϷ˵֮սشϷλֶǾһһĺ֡ɽڰɣ
ʢ˷ԡ⼸竣ȻҪֳʱ֡
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ʵҲѹɽģڰԭȷʵ俿ɽǰ֮ʱȣ״γս˭Ҳ֪
ο϶δͬͬԲԸοѹɽͷѹڰɡȻǶ֮١
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߰ɣȲɷ˵׿ߡ
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103 
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ܹɽĵҲװȽ˳ǰ˼ŵ˲٫׳Ƭϡ
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ǿǿõ棬ȰѹֱǱǲ
ٺ٣ʱ֪ˡȼЦ˹ӡ٫˵ҲûãҲ׺
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ⶫֻҪһУСǻ÷һ
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ۼ⣬һѶҵĶȥ飬֮ǰһƿܶ
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ԣÿһõˮ˶˵Ǻöھ̾
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ˮԭֻҪһȾͻζ첻󷨣ֻķϡȡּǾûеġңһҪԭ򣬾ڽͨĹŴˮеʱľԡ
ʢʱڣŵδĽӵζò٫ôܲ棿
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ջҪ²ŵڣϷС
ܲˮ֮õ㣬ŮǶһζɣ
ǣˮζˮ
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105 ɹ̫
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ЦŻͷԾ׿ʱ˵Ҫ齣̫ɹ죬úЪЪأĳ롭
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׿ĪһαǿԼЪʱҪЪЪġ
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׿ɹȥǡ
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ȺûһϹЦ⣬۾졣
׿յһȵĴȣûУ
ĪҪѧ߶Щö䶼ˣ

ˣһƽɱ˲ԡһȵȼž׿
׿ͻȻĶŪ࣬ȴȫ⣬Ÿ첲ȹζҹɣҲһ½ǡ
㡭׿ҲǣҲǡ
װɵͦġ˵̲̰ɡ
̡ǣ
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ι
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Ӻƣ
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ƵվֱӴ齴˵ϡ
ܻشӵ̵ģĸ۵Ļӡ¡


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ʲôУǽоǣĺɡ
ǵļʱҵ
ʱ룡
ʱ롭ĺ߶š
ԸȥѾ̧ȥǿӭͣ
ͯһڻûʱǲ̫ˣ
Ҫ磡ҵҪӺƸҲҽӣ
˵꣬ĺߣͯһȥޡ

ȺͲ٫ڵ⣬ڵļ顣
оһ׵֮󣬲ѰһճЪЪţΪµ꿪ҵҲһҹδˡ
٫ɨ̣̾⣬ҲΨдԴóֻǣ֪Ρ
ȳĬ
ʵҲûף֪һ׾Ӫڴεвеͨ
ûʵʿ飬˵ʲôǰ׷ѡ
Ҫ˵ȴŽ˽
ɿȥ濴ɣĺˣ
һ𣬼ӡ٫Ҳǿǿƣ˳ȥ
һ꣬ͼֶһһߵĴӡ
飺׾´ؼۣл⸸ϣÿ160ģ
ȺͲ٫һۣǿЦ160ġĺѪ
һǹȥһ˰ɣ٫ҡͷε˵
ƲȥҲûã˼Ҳġ
٫ޱص⾡ˣǾͲǲĳ˵ˡ
˵ţ٫¥ǰ

գ۹ĵطɾǴ˴еĳаһ֡Ӻƺͷ¥ĶԹԹһˣշ̣ôܴأ
ֻǣ¥ʱ˲ûͻ
160ģƽʱۼ۵¥ȻǺǵģǮҲҪѹӺơ
һЩںǼǮİնֺǺǵؿǰ⻹ûžͱ¥ѹһͷ
ˣֱ¥£ȥĵͼۿʮ궼һءЩвԣİգȻҪŽؼ֮ʱһ⿪һƵζ
ԣ߻ûôţֶķ¥Ѿ˼ˡͷֳ˸ߵͣ˵Ȼû־Ѿһ
Ȳ٫ֶ¥ǰȻóһͨ·֪λүҪʲô
٫վڷ¥ǰҲȥƹĽ
ͯе񣬰ŷӦ˵λҪỹûսҪɣ
ʱĺ˵ͨµ¥Ǹ٫ʩһ
С˸˼ˣ
٫ûѻҪûĴûⳡ档
ָǸߴӣ٫⣬Ǽ⣿
عˣС˵⣬׿ϡ
٫һ˦֣Ҳ˭⣬Ͻҳˣ
ĺԳԾ˵ܹҲֱ̫˰ɣûһأ
ƵİҲû뵽ү˰ԵֱӾ˼ҳˡǴ򲻹ֱǿ
ǿĺȴ²٫ǿܼǴ岻٣٫ΪҲ٣˼ңҲǳصġ
ΪСˡ
ΪѸƨ٫ֱӿϻ
¶ͷһǼϸ˵ȰӸҳˣ


109 ү
٫һˣĺ˿ܸˡ
ʲô
¥ɲǲܼҵĲҵֲָֻš
㣡
Ҫе٫޲һƥ
²㣬Ķĳ˲ɣ
ָˡĺȻ̲

˼ȻӺƵĹɣǾǵˣѡ
ԡ
᲻ẦҼˡĺЦЦһһٵص治˵أ
ȻѾ˺ƤԾĵס
٫ûһ仰˵

ĺȻһ̾װȰ˵ص
˻ǻȥɣǮҷ¥飬͹˷ģɻ·СĿԴˡ
ĺ⻰˵ÿһ㶼˵٫һԵͯ£һƵİԣŶһһ㶵ġ˵ⷮ¥ǲһ㣬˵Ҳһ㲻
٫۾ĺããã벻ƹɵշ˵꣬һ˦为ߡ
صУͼȺٺٵؼЦſ
ôԱ˰ɣȥƫҪȥüͷ
٫𡣡ù˼ٶҵģҵĺƥӲʲôʱ򣡡
˵ģָŲ٫еʱ򣬿ɱ˵̫ݣ
Ϊ֮˵
˿޵֮ˣôԽˣԽԽˡ
˵ģ

¥Ǳߴӳʱ˼˵Ŀʼ۾ƣһʱ߲½б͵죬ֵĴʱҲ˰֮ġ
Ҫ˵ܹ˻Щ̣ǰףصĸǴ˳дԱĳ岻ϯͽ֮£ڵжˡ
ڲ٫֮£ֻͷֵżÿһˣҪǰѼ䡣ʲôžʲô⸻ʲôү
û٫벻ȴ˼λʵʵĻ׹ݡ
󣬵ǰλƽˡ
һλһϸȴ֣Ǹº͵үүʲôر֮
λƽԵ¸գ̫ʵ۵ʮһӣùһʮһ塣Ȼλɢүλȴǲ͡
Ե¸նСëȻûʲôȤ򵥵䣬ȫ߸
֮٫ݿûҸˣҰų棬ǻϷļء
٫һ죬ⲻæȹ⼸죬ʹźȥϸ͹ĸ밲
ǲ٫Ĺø
бĿˣԵ¸Ҳ˵˼͵һϢſҵ䡣
ٺҲл壬һЩС磬ĳϿΩ֮Դյȵȡ
Ҳдˣȫ٫
ת۾ʱ롣
Ե¸ۼҲòˣ󣬵λߣȻзȨ
˵ݣʱҲˣЩĻǵſε걸˺εʳд͡
֮ȻҪͣ٫ϯε꣬Ե¸дһ˵
εϰһվţһүԣһЦնүʧ
Ŷѵ³кλ뱾
һ۲٫صӻԭĳӣǲ١кλǾҪˡСˣ۱ġ
Ե¸ֵСͱ˹ӣ⣬ôʰ㣡
٣Ե¸սгˡСһ졣һУԵǣʱԵ¸յһڴ߳￪Ĺ
תͷԲ٫ˣǿЩʼɣƬ̣үǲС˲ɣ
٫ɫΪѡ
øԭλԭһδԵƬ̡
һšüͷ˵˭ڻûƽͷ
ţֻ٫һУˣ
˳Ų٫ĿȥֻнֵתǴһ㳵̤޸ǣ̤Ƶɼݡ
ʶô˳˵ĲɻȻԭǻϧٹǵȵá
һλ˵еĻӶϧ٣ɶӳ˲ӣ׼һݡڷ¥ǰŶƵһ˵Ҳöֶ濿˹ȥ
ͯ²ȺHһʲôÿģ
ˣԼҲǴ㳵ת֮Ӿû뿪

ǳʶˡ
ղһĵûôķӦһ¥˽ķͷ
λϧٹһ㳵٫͸Ƶǰӭƽ˹ȥ
ţ
ȫֻûȥ
¹ȥ֮ҲȺһһ࡭
ȾԶԶɨһۡ
ֻһλϧ٣Ǿǣ֮òҼǣ˱Ȼ
ðɣⲻһʡ


110 ˷
ȿһүǶΧһ˴תζ˵ʲôʱ򶼲ȱԲз۶
һ¥ˣǳúÿ㣬㣬ֹׯ㣬˵Ҳ
ðɡ
ŮҲ̫ôˣԼҲԲз۶ˡ
ŮˡɡеˣͶ㣬һһЦֱ񻰣
һԶֱۣԹԡϵŮɣ
Ʋϲ𣿡
ϲһ࣬Ͳûһˡ
ϲȢؼҲ͵ˣƨã
˸ִٵִֽŵģϻӡ
Уû׷
Ȱһ䣬Ͳ˵ǶҶٷһȺ֮С

ϧپֱߵƽԵ¸ǰ΢΢һūūүԸү
ҵȵ˭ԭǶԵ¸ЦȴǳϢˣöϧٹǰ
Ե¸һ㿤ľûУϧǰڡ
ϧٰһ۲٫ƲһԶȡ
ϧүõˡ
Ե¸չһЦ޷տϷ߶˵ϧûˣҪϷȥءǺþûϧٹ︧ٵͳˡ
ˣūūվȥϸ밲
Ե¸ԵͷǾô˵ˣ˵ţת٫˵˵ô붯ϧǰģǴԣϧٹû԰ˡ
٫һȣϧٹﻹ治ġ
ġ
׼ȷ˵䨣䨸ġ
⸮Ҳֻʦ³ôӣ֧ʹö԰ӵĹˡ
ϧֿһ۲Զȣ٫ΧµϧȻҪ죬Ҫ׳һΪλ˲ء
ǸãԵ¸á
Ը٫Щʼһε껶ϧ׸裬Ҫá
ȻԵ¸տˣŽĿʼ
ŽĴʱļľôĳ棬Ҫõĸһοҵʡ
ȴ룬û졭
͵ĴȺ֮⴫һߺȣ
ݱ뾩кѣȴ˼û˹ΪѰ
Žһ˵˭ôʱ
Ѿߵ˵˻ȥ

һ߽У˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥҲ˹ȥ
˼ң
ֻȺ֮⣬һ۴ӵһλ״ڽС
ڸߺȵģ״󺺣

ư죬ƫͷߵľ׿С˹Ϊ˾˼ڵĻ˷ᣬ˹ΪΪǸĽƻ֮ˣû뵽ͦ
׿ˣ˭ˡ˳ۡ
˭˵ģװҿ˳ۣǸʲô˳ۣ
׿ɫһ죬һС˿֮졣һۣ˵Ц˼һ߲ơ
۾һѣҽ֣ӹ˼ҡҡң趼ʶ
һмܴ˾񣬰һ죬ϣٵȵȣ
Ъûصһۡ
ȢϱͶ֣Ͳġ
˷ҳӣ
ϵ˷ı͡Ѿʼˡ
ûոչүȥ¥Ǳҳȴɷ顣벻ת˹ΪʹˣǾʡ
˹Ϊɲǲܾǰģ¿Ҫˡ

۷׷ףȴûе
˷ɲǲ٫ǫǫӣλǿġ̡ʲôʱըˣ
٫һˣҲΪ⣬ǿƽӭȥ
Ϊ֣ˣ
׾Ͳˣ͵ܻδشĳңΪβң
˷ţͱˣͲʲô治档
٫ںòΣ˷һҲû
˵Ƣ
⻰˵ɫһףһ졣
̨֮ʣԵ¸ջ˳
ΪĪҪΪѾݣǾƷȫУ
٫˵ĻԵ¸ȴ˵

˷Ե¸ճˣ˲٫һۣתһıҹĪ֮ͽ粵⣬ǽ飬ܾ浱˷ûУ
ҹһĴ㵣ƺеҡ
٫Ե·йø˻СҹҲ游˼
Ų٫˷ỹһ
˵ô¶
٫Ĺùü޸Ե¸գԣԵ¸սйø˷֮ĸǳԵ·ĵŮԵ·Ե¸յ׸磬ȻҪԵ¸սһҹ
ǣӶ˸ϵۣƽ˷٫СܵܣȻһ㶼
٫ԵĪСܣܲ˵չ󣬵һлеʵ顣
˷һţۣҪӵĸˣɶ˵ģ
٫
ֵ֮ȹ˽գһһ
˷ͺܼҵ˽꣬ӣӣ̿أ
ҪѾҲˣӾ͵úȥˣ


111 
˷˵ǣ٫ΪͬʱԶԣֻԵ¸ա˷˲־͸СһӡҪ˿ɺã
˷һԲؿŲ٫á
ݻС˹Ϊˡ
ֻΪ£ǽ֣ʮֵܣҪи
ﲻһ㵣û뵽˷
ˣ˷һߺȡѺ̧
˵䣬һ˸̧ۣһڶ˷һϺֻĸ̽ԾȻϣ

㿪ҵ죬ô򵥡ϵĽ㿪ҵ֮飬͵кֶΣĳоǣ
٫Žңһ˿ϲãһ˿Ǹ⡭
׿˴ҲݣСȵ˺ҲûǰɶǸ֮ˡǲǲС֮ĶȾ֮ˣ
һЦ³֡
桭
ȣûпѹڲԶλϧȻ˶˶Դ𣬲ֶ࿴һۡ
˵ϧٽһӣһ棬ҲǴźġ
һġɣݾ˵ֻʮꡣ
뿴ἰ꣬Ǹʲô
ңģھҵϻܷ¥
˵³עȡɲʶİͶкȴΨûй桭ʵöЩ⡣
ǲʣ
ǣ
˵桯֣֮

˷ϽΪ죬ʵһڿ͡û뵽˷˻֮ˣܼǾҵ֣޺룬Ҳ̹Ȼֱͣޱߣ
ڱĹүЩ֮ʱȴĺżҲӷ¥˳񣬾͸˷ߵ
˷ԽɫԽ䣬Բ٫Ҫ֧ʹҼҵˣҼҵ
ȻĺĲʲôûﰵˣϷϳˣ
Ե¸һ鲻ԣҪԲȴ룬٫һ̹ȻܻǾ仰Щ鲻ڸֻ֪֪ܵһġֿʮֵܵϣˡͨɣ
˷Ų٫˵˫ȭգԵƽ
ãＷһ䣬ĺ
Сڣ
Ӹҳˣ

ĺһ㵣Ҫ
ֵܵĺӣӡҸ
ɵƯȴһ
Ư
õˡΪ

˷ո˵ӡ󡭡
çײʧ壬Թֲʧ̬Ҳ˲٫ӡ
ǣ˼ңʾ򣬶ھȻ治Сһçײ֮ˣôܿ˼ҵĴأ
֮ɱװĻΪ˷һ棬ͰѴһ뷮¥֮ķŤת˹
ǰܳôȵĲǣҲܷ¥ôĨȣʵڰУռġϾǷ¥ȣҪȵ⡣
һ㿴ãȴҪ
˵һֱվڵµߵϣⳡĲ֮ءȺͷ¥ƴδоͻһ꣬ڿռ˲ٵͬ֡
ǣ˷ղȫ߸ҶԴµӡ󡣼仰Ĺ򣬷ӺϲܼԸ˷ᡣ
˷Ǿ仰˵Ưܼҵ˽꣬ӣӣ̿ǣ˼Ҫǵ˾ҵʲôûˡ
һӾôҾ˷Ƶһǲ٫Щˡ
٫Ȼ˷ǰ壬߷ְ
ǣȴƫƫʲô˵Խ˵Խơܶ˼ҵǽǡ
˵
˵˷һȷʵƯǣ˷һ¡
̫͹Ӻˣ

Žģ
һȣŵһ顭
أŽ֪ƴǶŭæվ˳
Ҳأӣ˳

Դ˻ȥ
Ⱥ˷һۣתŽĽеϲļȻصģϿҵء
ۣ
˶ˣ
ôλСڸˣȻǸˣ֮ǰĺ˻ţ˲û뵽ĺġλ˷Ҳ
˷ûȥĳϣйۣ٫ЩСƾʲôôңӲʮͷôͳϲˣ
ң
ľ㣡ָ˷ıٸװ⣡㲻̹Ҳù
˭ơӡ
ø߶ֱſڵĶϧٶȥ
ﻹƶ˷սôŭسϧٹȥˡ
ϧҲǻʧɫӺƴʱɫˣʶ˺һȴ룬ۿûһֱۣԽȥſڣһѳһ񡭡
˻Ȼԭ˷ǿҸźǰһҲųӡ
ڣȰѳӳĴȻԾС
ֻдҵƣͣ


112 ԭǲֿ⣿
ҵ͡
˶һ⡭ѣͣ
ţ˰УӺƲ֮Ȼ͡
ң˷Ҳдû뵽ӺƸô档
Щ˻СˣҰͣһҷذͣ
ӣȸȣס
أ
Ӹĳһ£
աӻһȥͰˡ
Ȼ˷ǰ㲻ҲСһ£ҹ壿
˷ŭ־
ŭǣһʮ裬ڵ¥160ģͰ͡
ǣӺΪгѾħ٣
ߣ˷ǿһߡ
ơƴ˷ᵱȻûƹ塣ĳҲ˵ʹҰܣǣ
үģӼ塭
ӣĳ£
գ
˫Ŀâ㲻װֱѹ㣡
˷Ƥֱ¡ҪҰ£Ƿ¥滹ס
ƹӺòûһپƼҪ㼷壬ٰʧƣ
£
װ
Ƥ̧ˣٶ˵һ֣ӽżļơ

˷ỹͲٶ˵һˡ
ɣһ㶼ɣ˵ġ
££¥治ҲƴϼӣǿͷƵţҲͻˡ
һ仰˷˵һ㲻١ܼҵ˽꣬ӡ̿˼Ҫǵ˽ӣʲôûˡ
ԡ
Ĳ
˷ɫϺڣһﲻһ˦֣תߡ
书װøʲôƵģҲǸӻ
˷һģûȥ
С̫ˡ
٫ߵ̾Ϊ֣ġ

Ҫ˵Ҳ˷ᵹùײ˸š
һʱ䣬æ˹Ժæĵ̣ҪŵݺͻɽơÿһҪΪһССϸڶҪİ嶨ֲѧҵʱʱҪش顣˵һ˼ãһҲܲôصĵӣοֻǸʮꣿ
붬ʼߵ˾͸оóѾѹեıԵƢԽԽ꣬ԽԽѼЦݡ˭ҲҴùͷ٫֡
˷ţӦûġ
˶㵵ؿŷħһӺơЩ⿴ֵĿգһҴ
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Ե¸ȣҲ𺳲ѡ
ү𾪵ĵȵĿǹ첻µزµĺݾ֮Ȩ죬ǸĴι壬ңӾ͸Ҹƴ
ƴ£
ѮϿЩ㱣ҲЩѪڡ
ȼǵãҲ֮ʱеѪԣͱĽɫ
ʱεһսû
ʱŷɥ޵лδ磡
ʱ̫ڻʵۻδʧȥƣҺɽ
ʱĴΣһƥѪԵǣ
㣬һֻ׸

٫һ䡰㲻
˷ᣬҲүӻ˻
˷ŭӲ٫ҲҲǶڵǽˣһˣ
˷Ե¸հҡͷ˹ΪջˣջǱһʮĺӸסˡ
ʱµĴΡʧȥƴĵ
뵽үٲˣЩȵĻ߿
Ҳ༸Ӻġӡǻ¡
˷˵Ĳûв٣٫ҲֻҡͷûҪֵǽǡ
ߣ˵úͲ£ôСӺϻʧģ
ΪΪܻöʮĽڲˣΪһ֮ͭֵĻ·𣿡
ʲô˼˷ᱻ٫˵һ͡
ѾȰƴɣֻҪķ¥֮ǰѾǹȥˡֻҪһ뷮¥ͷΪµ׬һˡ
ڡ٫һЦϲΪֳëӺƣĶˣ
˵꣬٫һ±Ƶ˷ᣬŽ´ǿҵ
Ҳûл˷һ֣壬ǲǳƵġ
ǣ٫ɵ֪˷ξ壬ͬġ
ŽҲһʣȻֵȼ˴ڣžı֮һӺԶ
˵ڻʳ֮ڶü춯
ȼڱ͵ףУֳҴĺ¥ϵĺ첼֮£Ӻһ֮õ뿪ռ棡
ֻ
ֻź첼£ǵǵĶŴȫΪ֮һ࣬ǰı͸ڵ
˷ᡢĺǼһŸ߸ϵĸ̽֡
ʲʲô
˷ʧеǾƷ𣿡
⡭
⡮֡Ǹʲô


113 ǲǲֿ⣿
ִ
ǾƷ
ϵ˼ôǸֿ⣿
˷ɵˣһֵĿҲɵˡ¥ٴе˰죬˼ҽǸֿ⣿
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˵ݣǲֿ⿪ҵӺҪɵĲǾôɲֿˣ
٫һЦøһۣʲô֪ˡ
Ե¸㶵ҿǾ͡ȥ
ô˵ҲǸվӾӡԭһ˺һڱֱȥε껶ġ
ϧȻЦūūҲǺýһء
Ե¸Цϧٹ㱾ȥСӸʲôá
˵꣬ɶϧٲţꡣ

ۼһڱ꣬¶һ˿Ц⡣
ССţ˲Сʲô˼Ϊִ
Ҳôμʶһ£ҵ֮Ǻε
˷ͼ˻ڽֱߣ۾
㲻ȥ
׼۽Ŷ
ң˷ȥ˺СӡĳڽƵꡣ
С֮Աǡ
ģ˵ȥݳʮһﶼȫ˽⣬ҿ˹ΪӲʲôʱ򣡡
˵꣬һ˦䡭
ȥˡ
Χ۰մʱҲӦеĺ⵽ʲôֿ⣬еſǿˣдŰأʱʱһѷƵӿ̵Ĵš
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ĺͷһСèֻԼ棬ʵô죿
ʲôô죿˷һǵҲǣҲǡ
ɸʹӽȥǸʲôã˦һ仰˷һתۻ˷¥
ĺ˸ĻƣһװĻȺ֮н˻ִ
˷ᣬ˷¥ٽ֮ϲ㣬һ߿Žֶ滪̵һߵС˻ر
ֻһȣ˰ʱ
ǵıѲɣ˯ͷҲò˰ʱ
˷̵ģʲôľֻһõôʱ𣿣
ĺҴҲᡣ˵ȥСƽʱͦİˣ
ҵҲˣԵ¸աϧ٣һڱȳˣңЩ˻ǿֳġ
˷᲻üͷ壬ͷԡ
ͼڱߵʹӶһѴСУƽԵ¸ոһ̴ľУһߣһֵúϲ£죬û뿪Ǻӡ
ҲһһµľСУߵ㳵ϣСĵĽʹŮ
˷ֱ˵⵽ǲֿ⣬ǾƷ
ͣİճ֮ʱȷʵžƣȴҪģһһС̳ƣһֻŴСһ̻
ѵӺƲ;ƣͱģ
ţ˷Ᾱһеһ㡭ңȻųʳ߱߳Եġ

ڡ
˷ĺڿС˴ӻˣĺȲر¥԰С
˵ʲô˷ǿѹŭСһϵ¥ʡ
ȴ룬Сץһ֧ᡣ
СҲ˵ạ̃ȴвͬǰʲôУСĶۡ
ҿǳԻۣ˷޺޵Сͻ϶˶Ӳųġ
ĺ˼䣬Сֻ˵ʲôУʲô˵ʲô˷һȣ

Сȥ֮˷ĺȥһˣ
ȥĺɫһ࣬ȥʰɡҪɸ˹ȥ
ʲôʣ⣬˽˲ɣ˵ӺƺͲ٫ȥдˣ
ĺ˵Ҫóаտ¥ƹȥ̽飬Ķ飿
û취˷ᷢˣĺֻôһǧһԸ¥ֽ˻ִ
һ˷ᵹû̫ãֻǰ̹ͼĺӶ˳Ҵҵе²ˣ
˷ᰵˣôûһ׵ģ
ĺüһ
ȥɡһã⽿׵ĵһ·¥Ҳóһ¥ı
ɰ˷һôصΣ¥ĵزˣ
ߣȥ˷ĥ˰죬ҧԹȥһۡ
ǰİղĿ˵λôˣ
˷ӭĿ⣬ɫ̵࣬ģ֪ˣղŲߣֱӾͽȥˡ
һţ˷ᱻļһ㶡ֻſվһſСһˮıȹ˽꣬ˢˢһ
ӭ٣
⡭˷һ¾ʹסˡаôĪһֺеεĸоأ
ûӦСݹһ
˷᲻ԣ
ĺӹСȥ֪


114 ǰδľӪģʽ
˷ڣʵˣ
ͼ޴Ŀռ֮ڣӣһ¸ǽͷÿһɣһյҲ֪ʲôĵƣѻյͬ磬վſھͼһֱ档
룬˷Ҳ׸ĺǸʲôõˡ
ӺУлƷġָ˿ۻ̻һߵļϣ϶лƷ˵ͼ룬빺ȡû֧Ӧ˰ѡеĻƷڣȵ֮ʱһͬǰբڻ˼ɡ
ңÿʮվһģׯȹСʱʱΪ˿ͽһЩ֮Ĺá
桭˷ᰵͷԼҲʽ̲סüټϡƼۡ
ֳ̻ɵĳʳӵſһֱ棬űǽһſȫǴθԵ̯ӣˣûһǾеġ
ݵ塢ϵۡպˮɳȵȣзֳ⡣
ߡĺָŻǵķ򡣡ǱרɵڣֻҪڵйƷͿɵǶһ̳װ𣡡
ֻ˷ɵ
ԣÿֻ
ʮɣÿʮ˴Σ㹻Ӻռһгݶˡ

˷Էɫһɣ˿
ͣҪǳͣǶԿҵĳԵġӺƻû衣
ž£ǿоھͱ뿪ˡ
֪;Ƶı⣬ҲΪƾơʼûѷ¥ֻ֣§ݴӡ˳ֵ¶
Ҫǲ٫ڽȰֱӾ꣬㷮¥˼ңøõžƣ£Դģʽ챻ܡ

̫ȻǾͻʱӦԡ˷ͨйؽڣҲͶ
ĺȴʲôʱӦԣã¥Ҫҵˣ
ţ˷šüɻ

˵ţĺ˷ִȥ
˷᲻֪Ǻ⣬ֻøߡ
߱߿˷𺳣ҲصӺȷʵһ̣ȴ㼯ܱСͷԣ˿ս壬ī⣬Ҫǻ֮确Ʒñķı֮ӣ˿ۡ
ߵ棬šʲ˸ʳӵĵطĺͣԱȱ˺üĸʳһָ
ҿ
ƨ
˷û̵ģȥĶãƫ˶꣡
ֻһƬˣйĹ£¥ƹ񣬳дԱļ͡ʶ˷ᡣҪǿ˼ҼӺһٳܵ˼ҵתƣĸ飿
˷תͷߣȴĺסˡ
߰¥ΣڵϦҪҵΪذ
ĳ˷ᱩף־ʧݣһ룬ҿѹĳô֮ˣĳĶţ
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˷ݺݵصһۣܣƳһƬĻƷ
һ˷Ҳ
һƬ𴦲ͬǹ⵰㺣֮ʳģȡ˳ش
ʼ˷ĵһоֻΪ֮ܵƷϺз֮ĺʣᰴտ˵ҪԼ򵥴
ɱϴģ԰ҪкߣʡҲɴãؼֱ¹Ϳˡ
ɵ˷ᷴӦڲɴ󾪣һȣҪϾɱ
ڣⲻǻùܵ񹻺ã
ǣഺͷӵʱڣĶôʲˣ
Ҳһ֣ʮ֣ʲôˣʲôˡ
׵ǣ⺣Ҳ̫̫ȫˣ
ϷĲݻ㡢ݵСΡȪݵĺзϺݵȱݣֱֻ벻ģû˼ûеġ
˷֪ĺΪʲô˷硭
ʳļֱӦоУҶϡȱ֮Χڴ˴Ŀ˺ܶ඼ԤĹרﰴһ£ԤܶһڴӦƣĶ࣬гڻԴ
ζʲô
ζţ¥ΪһӾȫûˣ
¥㿪⣬ϿǽףƷ򿿵ĻϧʳģڷͷС㡢װΡ񣬿⼸Ĳ಻ûС
ĺ˴ǮרŴӸϡʳģʳ͡ûУֻз¥СǷ¥İء
ڡƷƣΪִʳıȷ¥ҵûȫ
ϸ֮£ε꣬ŵϺŵľ¥¶¥¥״Ԫ¥¥ꡢеꡢ²꣬һҶ٣Щ꣬ȫںͻִʳĹӦĺԼ
룬εа컪̿ҵ磬϶жǿ⻹˭ôһӺĵķ¥
˷ᶼˡ
˽ա
ù˽졣ʱ֣ҵƳȫµĲƷϲȽײٵ𡣵ʱ¥еĽеƶȻ޴棡
ûеһĻûеһõĲȡǷ¥ʲô꾩һ¥


115 ۾
ӺôôʺŪģĶôʲˣ
˷һķߺޡû뵽ӺƲô󣬻ʳͱ˷¥һ
˵ߵǲˣӺ·߽ʮת˽㣬촬ˣÿһϱʵı飬һ·

ʮת˵㣡ôֱʣĺķ˭
ʲԻɽĶؽɵů
Ķ˷Ƕ³ĶĲƷ㹻²ˣ
֪˷ѾͷƣӺƵʳĹӦֶܳϻҲ˵¥ܿҪڱи¥ѹƣһ
ǣӻ
˵˷᲻ɣӺҲܸɰֳˣ˼ҵȻ⿴Ц
˷ѻ𣬾ϻûֳߵͣҪʳϱӺǣűߣ
ĺһ仰ְ˷뷨ˡ
ոСѾ̽ˣһĹֱԣҪǷ¥ʹҲܾ˲ǡ
̫˷ἱֱţ
ô죿ҪЩӦԲǡĺҲ˷硣
ô죿Ȼȥƽϡ
˵ţ˷ֿһۻ𱬵߲˸ʳתߡ
ʱøƹ񶩺˺ȺＷżҪ꣬˷õǶ
ƹ˷һε΢ЦȻ󡭡˹ȥ
Ǻǡ˷Ρ
ϳˣ
ʵһƬĹ˿ϳˣֻ棬װûˡ
˵˷ҲͦԩģӺӡΪӺҪھϺָ£ȴ룬˼ﻹбĴɱ

Ʒð𣿡
ƹù˷ᣬ;ֱ꣬һߣһߺͻ
ðˣ˼ʮ׵ع1880ᣬѾ¥װˡ
š
ðƷ1880᣿ɲǰ
˷ĺһۣĴ㵡˵ӺǺŪ˵ģŰ͵ӣȴҲҪǮ
ߣȥ¥Ͽ
ո˲˵¥˷ᵹ뿴Ӻôġ
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˷ῴпĽ˳鱦ӵרҲĳչʾожϧóȥľСеλ
һʲ֪װһֽˮϣΪر𡣶ߵĻһ֣װ¼ջ򡢽ӡζһۼʮᡣ
˷ᰵôôǮɣ
ǣ˵ǮɣԸˮרǽһ𱬣գ۵Ĺ˷ͼüŻƷȥǮˡ
ռλõģȴƵġ
˷Ĳ̫һ
ˡܶߵƷڣоֹׯСǰӭϹ΢Ц
ʶ˻ʹŮˮ׼ˡܶ˵Ҳûʲôϡ棬ֻǽƷĸ䣬˷ɵˡ
Ͳһ̣ûųŵľƸףҲû۳۵ľ̳ӡϺúľװ㣬ǽһһ˶ߵĴ񣬹ĶǴʳˡ
̿һ˿һӦеӣװñȷ¥İ仹Ҫҡ
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СȻһЦ͹ɣȷǵϺӷӪľྫƷꡣ
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Ҫ˵Ӻƻǰܼңһд͵ζϵ̴ľ죬һ㲻˷ļʲ
ǾͿ͹ٿˡ
Ŷϸϸ
СһЦݲؽܵ
͹ԭƷδ뱸ĿǰֻСعɽ𡯡ǧءĸƷۡ
ĺüͷһ壬⼸ôе졣
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СһЦ͹ٵˣдһʣвˣֱӵ188ģ1888ଡ
ĺ˰졭ԭͯ̽Ϣģ
˷ûϵȥʲôô󣿣
СѾϰ߿֣ⷬҲ˵ֱ˶׽Уֱǡع͡ɽ𡯡ǸǧأСӸûᣬ̫ˣǾҶġ
͹ٿƷ۵ľֵֵǮ
˷ɽ𡯵ĺӴһһ
ĵ񣿡ľе񹤼Ϊϸ˷һ۾͸оĴ֮һĽĵ
͹ǺǳԽļҵĹա
˷ᰵէ࣬ôһ߰ĺӣͲʮǮһװƵĺӶѣӵĶô˷
ǣ˴Ҳ׹ơ
ɫش򿪺ӣ¸˵޲Ϊģһࡢһ졢һ̡һȡһɫƿÿƿ涼һľᣬֻһۣ;ͲǾƣصıһ㡣
ƿľ˿ڣȻǾƿһҤƷÿֵʮᣡ
װͺķʮῪ⣡˷ˣƿװʲôƣôİװ
һ֮£Сȴǲ𣬶ȻЦ͹ٴ򿪽һ۱֪
˷ɵһľỺ򿪡
˷᳹ɵۡ
Ǹ˺ȵľƣ
ɵҺҲôڰɣ


116 ݳƷ
˷ĽϲûʲôĴʾ䣬ʮǱ׵ļ¼֡
ЩÿǱ׼¼˷᳹ˡ
ʮ꣬˼ҲȨʮ꣬˶ʮľƣ˷ͷһη֣ƻô档
ǽϼ¼ʲôأ
¼һũƷΪīԲ磬֮ÿʲôʣЩ֦γ棬߼ߣ꿪յǵڼ
ǹũĻѺӡ
֮ũջīԲӣ۵ƷƷǧһֻѡһŷִСĻԲΪϣС֮пˡ۵Ľ֮гҧۼĽ֮
ѡӶĻѺ
Ȼϴ͡ƣм¼ÿһϿָÿһо֮˵ǩѺ
ôһ飬˷ͺһŹµأٵ۵Ʒǧһ㡣
ңÿһԴɲ飬Դ֮ҳһľ֮ˡ
˷Ȼһƿġɽۼ1888ᣬƿװǽˮҲֵۡ
ƾʲôôߵļ۸
ƾ޿޵Ʒʣƾϸޱȵľ£ƾǡ⣡
˵װοһ飬˷ῴ֮󣬾ƿװǰˮҲܺȳζ
ΪѪ棡
Ѫûأ
У
Ҵڣ
˰뱲ӭ⣬˷̫˽Щ͸ֵˡ
һپ磬˹ĵǹӣ˹ĵǹ£ֻѰղŻһóԡ
Ӻƣϰǧĸ߼ۣõǽĵ񣬾ƿǶݶҤˮ֮䣡
ӣţֱǸЩǮûطĸģ
һϯ磬ҷͷ㻨˼ǮϧĻȴǧ롣ΪʲôΪΣӣܸ߼
ȵľƾǾлֻҪһǾǹΡӡܸ߼
룬ֻҪһУ϶ˡ
͹ΪΣ۾Сʱڡ
ϲ͹ٿҪʱˣǵ⼸־ƷˣǾͶˡ
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ýп͹֪ǧѡһľƷȻߣعֻǧףɽ𡯸ֻаۡÿһ׶Ƕһ޶ıţھƺһǣ첻üٵġ
˷ϸƺУȻںӵ½һССĿ̺ţʮߡ
˷ˡ
ӺʲôԴôأ
ῴ
ֻǼһССıţƵĵһ̨סʲôжһ޶ȹһƿҲͬһŵľˡζһˣֱˣ
־أ˷ܺ棬Ѿôϸˣֵʲô
СһЦǧءֻ36ףõǽļĵ񹦣Ҥ¬ƷļƷ״ɣΪ̫ءҪ׿ϲó͹Ʒ
ڡ𡯡һֻףҲֻʣ׿ۡ
ֻʣסĺԲ۾ſһʱȥһˣǿļǮ
ۼ֮ߣرںδ
СݸһЦرֻѽ
Ʒϡ٣ǵľƷ껹Բÿ걣֤ûġֻнףԺ;ˡ

ˣ
ߣ
ߣ
˷ǳʶˣӺƶˡ
׾ԭͲǸ˺ȵģ˼ҰѾ浽˺ʯһĵΡղƷ
ֻҪ׾һ˭˵Լҵľǿһεһ
һˣһ˭޷Խıˣ˵ǿһʹûУ
ʲôɺͽ֮ǳ׾һһѾûˡ
˷ãȻȭС΢΢ܽˣ
˵꣬󲽶ߡ
һ̣á


һ죬עƽ˵˷϶˯ˡ
Ӻһη裬˷İ£㹻ƽõľǰշһʱˡ
ִȫµľӪģʽҲɹչڴζǣ
һֱʱĩŹЪҵվһС˿һ۵ҪֱˣŽļæȥЪϢ
ףΪʲôЩۻС￪ôߵӶˡ治ɣվһ죬˵һ죬еСɤӶˡ
Ǯˣ治һԸ
ۻСﶼˣբĻȴЪţһˮҪϻܳȺͲ٫Ҳǿŵ
Ҫһ˲˯̤ʵɣ
ʮƣʵĻˣǮĳǮСʱҹʱֲŰеĿ塣
Žһ˷ܵŻĿȶǰ
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аЦһʺ͵ڶһ
Ž֪٫˵ЦҲ⣬Ц͵ְɣǲ
˵Ŀΰɡ٫ߵȵҹΪһֳһﻹˡ
࡭ŽȻһǧѡ
࡭٣


117 Ƶ
һˮ16447ᣡ
ȥ¥¥µӻˮΣ
Ȳ¥˶Ǯ¥רԩͷģٶ֣һƷͳһ֡
عһٶףɽҲ߰ףһǧƽˡ
ȱǲҪǮģү˵ǻĵһ⣬øһòͷҲǮƷͽᣡ
¥Ʒˮи9ǧᡣ
¥¸ɫӻǧᡣŽð⣬Ҳûӻһǧˮ
ȴšüͷϴĲԸ⡣
ǧ࡭еٰ
㵱ǮǴİǧ໹٣
٫˵ţģǧ٣
ڿҵ֮ǰ٫Ԥڣ⻪ִ˵ˣǰһ΢һҵʽһ˿ͣʹⲻÿƷĻƷ㣬һˮһҲǧڷһ࣬Сӻ٣
Ȱһۣڲǧ֮أ
٫˵ˡ
ڻռʲ֮˵գ߲ˡһģ߲˵Ҳûˣ۶Ȼߡ
ûʲ֮Ҳˣ٫̾ȱҸ߳һˮ㻹ʲô⣿
Сû׷󣡡ȽűӣѲ٫öٱӡ
ŪҪֻЩɢӶһˮǶ˿ɶˣ
٫ŽĶһۣСҲ̫ˣһҪ٣ʮ
û
еĻʮ
һԺȸɴĹ̨һһڻƺͲ٫ˣ⡭
һһ൱ǻƷôɢӹ꣬úʱ٣
ڶһ侩̼һ翪žΪһʱɽӴٹ˿ͣ
ƴһӣϽ룬ȴͣ
һͣ˾лĻƬ̼𣺡ǻȫĻƷֵרӪ棬ôҲ÷ֳ߰ʮң߰ʮҵ궼ţ꣬Ҳôʱ䡣
ȵͷӸǻһӣˣ
ڵڶ⣬͵þ̵ĲܡŶˡ
Žĳ÷õһӴǧˣѾǼޡٶ࣬ͶٻҲæ
ඣȵɤӣ㣬һҪ껪Ҫʱ䣬һܽӴٹ˿ͣ
٫ŽȻһͣ˲
ȼǵı֪ѾˣǵľӪģʽô򵥣Ǳĵ̱Ȳ˵ġ
㣿
һЧʣǳЧʣðʱתĵ̣ΪӪߵǣʡȥӭĴʱ䣬Ʒͳһ㣬ʡ˴ѵĻʱ䡣
ŽǰһǴǰᵽʱɱ
ԣʡʱ䣬Ҳʡʱ䣬ӣǵĿȱĵ̸߳ʮʮ
ǵڶĶ٫ʵЩô꣬ûĶ޹ؽҪЧʵš
ڶȵЦ
еĴʯ˵أ˷й˻鲻ɻ
ʴû
ⶫҸΪ֣һѣһǳ嶯ѡ
٫ܲ˵öģ
ѣĿĵѡ˵ҽȥ⣬Ҿȥ꣬볶鲼ȥꡣ
εҵģʽǱȽԭʼרƣҲ˵ֻ⣬ֻ
ǸոǸĻƣ۾ŵۻͬв꣬ﻹӻ꣡
ЦඣȫĻƷĿѵĹ˿ͣȻȫĻƷʹǳ嶯ѣ
Ʋм鶯һʱ𣬡ʲô֣ˣˣ
СĽ躡ʮˣϡ
쿪ʼƹϹ
һ漴ϲǶҸְ˰һڻĽУл
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䣬ָ㽭ɽһָſտĵ̣ÿһƷڷŵģãõĻƷڵ̵档ſڵλãԶһЩ޹ؽҪп޵Ķ
٫ȵĻ߷ֲƶǶĸоòܣǴСӻﳤŽһ׹
˽̴Ҫߣһ·ϿĶǵĻƷ֮оͰѻ˸顣
ԣ޵۵ĶԽ࣬˾ԽпѡֻģҲпܶһ鲼ȥ
ǡǻȻеСľͼǵһϸ;ߣǳ֮ʱ룬һӻ
ôһ˵ҲбĻƲ廰¥ƹ¥ƣʱˮҲǳ嶯Ѱɣ
Цŵͷǡʵ˲Ⱥ˱ֻҪһͨʵܼ򵥣ͺе˽ֻףȴһѿп޵Ķеƿˮȴһʳһ
õģߵĳ嶯
˵Щתͷ٫ˣбȱӶʮֳ˹˿͵ȴֻȱ˶һˮǻ⣿̫û׷ˣ
٫ЦŽĶһۣ˵ҪⶼôǴΰտɾ͵ùˣ
̫ˡ
Ƶˣ
Ҳǳʶˣôһӣô࿴ŵĽƷôڶƺˣ벻Ǯˡ
ȶ˵ı֣ҲΨбһ̾
ƼⶼǿѧǶ𣡣


118 ҹ̸
ʵȲ⻪ӪҵЩġ
һڡſߡͨ𡯵ĹŴʹҵ֮ǰ׬򣬵һµ̵֪ȻǼΪ޵ģοĻ˴δӴĳС
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Щ⣬Ҳžۻ𽥽
Ŀͳˣȡ٫ҲͲٺȥˣԹЪϢ
ȸǸŽĺͲ٫δ죬ҲҪ˯ҹúЪЪ
٫ҲۻˣԵ鶼ӸŽģ׼ҲЪ졣
ðɣŽģ

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˷һʱԣһԲΣҲвʡҵ飬ɱ˲٫ĶС
Ʊǿ첻˼һò٫ȸ˸ɾ
˷᲻˵٫ֵĲðƴɵ㣬Сӳ˼ǳһ㣬Ϊ˻ǲģ֪ڣȴǵصĵز
˷ɫ䣬鸴ӣŭֿ࣬ʣµľֻˡòɤӣ૵˵һò٫ΪĻ
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119 С۸
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һ˲ھͬͬ壬Ȼ˷˸ɾ٫òȥ˼ɡ
Ҳ֪˼ұϾ·ԴҶûô
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˶һۣǹЦԴһȵļ򣬡ߣֵǾʹȥʶһʲôǴ̼
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νԺʵǹԺ彨Ⱥϲָߵ͡ҲԺԺԺǹѧ
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129 ĪĲܾ
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ˣ̫ʦԭҢ
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131 
ʵ벻ͨܲΪʲôϽãпſٽ֮ܲʹܾмơ
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ô֪
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ԺǸ͡䨵˽Ԣռˣʱ칫֮ء
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132 ͼ
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˵һʵۺһԻЩӰ˵ķϻһ仰¶ҲУҲУ
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Ⱦãǹԣϰִ·ʽ֡ʡ治װģҲǸ蹦̵·ζģǷĵʰ

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133 ·
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λʮʹγִľ֮ûң;λϹټġ
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134 ȵҰ
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˷һߣֻʣ²٫ȶˡ٫ɨۣˣɵøĸĺ˵ëˣտŻΪ֡
Ʋһۣǽɣ
٫һˡ
˵ȵĲҵ٫ܴеõһɵһķ룬˰ٷ֮һʮĲࡣ
Ⱥ׬ϼ꣬治סٻҲа
ȱĵӡ
٫һٿ鲻԰
СӴԿһ˼ʮ⣬ôأ
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϶İֻҪԸټҴ磬»ˡô˻йתһôأ
٫ǷԴﶼ߰뷨
СӵԴôģ
ΪҪƷ˸ִ
ΪǺĴ־ת
ΪôɣѼʮ͸˹ټң
ΪͿˣȴǹ⣡

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ÿҪˮתʳ߰ʯз͹֡
ˣȻǹӦճöȣǿ⡮ƽ֡ҽӪʮľķѡ㣬ռռߡ
ԣ߳ɣ
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ǹת˷Ѽأ
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ǣⲻʵ۲ںÿ·ĵʳҪȥ͢һĲ룬ңǮʱ·ܰﳯ͢ʡǮõ๫Ҳᷴԡ
ûУҪǽ˹ת⣬·ѹ٣
٫ã޳ιٴǮʡһɵ
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ʯʳʲôǿǿһġ
¶ȱ˵ȥһھȥҹټҡʱƽϡ

ʲôʱʱ죿٫еȲˡ
û˵ڵǳֹȥ֮󡭡



135 ҩ
кη֣
Ѿڻɽסʮ죬ʱִС͡ȡ٫֪Ϥ֮˾һ
ִĽѣáִ֣ƽȣʵ۲ڽУЩ˵ܾò̫̤ʵ
Ҳ˵ӻȡһֽܾͳ棡
ֽһСҩ
ǣ
Ǳ·õһҩķӡ
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ԹͱˣϽ˵ɣʲô⣿
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һ˲Ρ㣿ȷǸټҩԭ򣬼޻֮ҩҲ޳֮ǡ
ҩмӵĺںĶʣʲô
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٫һڶյϣ⡭ҩлһڷá
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һ˽԰ӣȥɣ٫ǣԼȥʸףѰ
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֮У趷ӣ㾡Ҫ˵ɺϣ˭Ҳš
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ӵȵ̽ǣֻʱ顣
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᲻ˣȻѡ
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٫ҡͷ
ҽ빬֮ʱҲǸ빬ǽǸʮСټһδңǣ֮£



136 ޶֤
˵ȣ٫벻ǺΪ˳ִкͷ͵౨ҲǾ˰Ρ
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Ǳɼǵãǰλ̫ҽķӣ
һ˼ūϡǵãɥӣɼҩְ̫ҽΪϵķӡ
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ô˵Ϊ⣿
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˴δĻ֮ˣȴҳ˶µ֢ᣬ䲻Բû󡮲һ
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˷ĺƤֱ飬˵ôôأ˼ǿҵͷ̸⣬ⳡ̸еȴ˵̿ζ
ôôϷأ


137 Ҿ
ȿżɽ˷Ҳˬ֮ˣɻΪֶ㡣
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СܾͲˡ
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˷¶ɫҲòϣ˼ûּۻ۵ıǮ
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֪ˣЦˣСܿûҪưԵ˼
٫ӻϺӷǹƣûй٘ԼĶĶ㵽ĳ̶ȣ̵ȫΣҲˮƲαغڿһԺڿֻ߸ߵ·ߣûʲô
˷ῴŲ٫Ǹɫ¥ȥ㲻ռһɷ𣿻ϺӷŴ̶
ǻʲôأڲͦã汲Ҳôģֻг͢˶أһ̼ԼҪأ
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ĺʶһͷǻлָȡ
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ʵϻᣬǺ̻˵ҵЭᣬ̼볯֮͢䣬ƶҵ׼칫ƽ嶩۵ȵȣһͨලɺЭá
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ɵӲŲʣ˷۾е뻪˵ᣬҪϵܸժ
ڿɲһô򵥣ÿ켸˵Ŀ˭˲۲ңȱĻƷʲô
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£
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˵ɣ


138 ĵһ
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Ϊ𡯣٫һ߲Цһߵ٩
˷Щ£أ
˷˰뱲ӾƵ⣬ȻҲǰ֮ˣҪ֮ǰȹϵΣҵҪһˡ
ǾƴӰװƿֱʣҺҲǧһң˵滹к䨺ͷϣĵӽƴʡֵһ
٫Ǳﲻס֡
ҪǸ߹Ϊ֡𡯾רΪ˶Ը׼ĺУΪֻ𣿡

ҡͷЦҪǴֳļʱ˵ʽˡ
ɶ˼кУ˷ԽԽͿ
ء٫ʼ͸ǵľƷһΪֿ϶ưոݣҪһġ

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٫µһûҪǽŶȥĻѽϾ׵ƷҲǲʢѾáң뱣סһţҲֻıȵĸá
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ȺٺټЦֲؽ黳ǾСܳˣûɶرġ
˷̲סСӺüʱȺŸɵʱˡ
ѾƿҪţ

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ʱҲ˵ˣŻȥҪߡ
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֪ϺӷǴɵĸʮŵһɣҵףɡ
ɵĹɣ̲׺˼Ҿҵûл
˷ϵ֪ǮˣԲϺӷ
ǴǺ⣿
˷ῴ٫ΪҪƮƱ

˷ȼǵҹϲ٫֮ʱ٫˵Ļʮһ̣һɷӺһƱ
ʼ˷ᲢûʲôŲƱټһԴ˷һˣνƱԭǹ⣬ת
ƱܻܿйټҵӰӣȻһǹͻɫΪˡ
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ھҵͷȣǰˣóȥȵćڣһ
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˷ð⣬Խô˵Խ϶еĲ²⣬Ǹʮа˾
ǡȿǴ㶫ɹ㡭


139 
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ȵһ仰˷᳹ɵۣʮĲҵ

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˷ôľƲֹʮֻһɡ
˷ˣŹĹɱϺӷҪֵǮ̧ۿ٫ɪı飬˷һȭܾݶҽȥƾɶң
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ĺŤֵֻݹһ顣
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140 ·Ʈѩ
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141 ԰Ůδ
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142 ½
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143 
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Щһ޹ޱ˵ܾǲǵġ
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144 ֮
ûȸͬ顣
λһǲ٫ĵܵܣһ˷СĶӡΪĩӣȲܳϮھλβһչ
ʱйǡĸоһ˾ɥ顣
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Щ֮󣬱˵Ŀ꣬϶˲ûˣ˻Եˣûбĳ·
ңԸʶģҲֹܾԽγľ˶ڽ٣

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һȺԵHող϶ϳưԵʱôһûӵƵģƨҷһڵãܾˡˡ
ӦðѲ϶л
ǿ˭˳ۡ
ȥҲǳˣˮƽ
أ


145 ˵еƷ
ȺѧʿȷʵûīˮʫʣǰҪôߴߴһͨ޲˻ûһɻԱ߿ֱˮ
ͨǵ̸ҲˣСġ¶ʲô¶ˡ
ԭ꣬԰һ²®԰һ׺ôʣǾʫ®֮ڡ
ⶼ¶ôѧдʲôΪɫǣǴ֮꣬ЦҪԿѧӵĽǾֺĳ档
ʵе뵱Ȼˣʱ֮꣬еˮƽģížҪ괺֮һ֣˼ֵطѰ԰ڵģһЩûûΣöǵīˮƭӻ
ţһУСżһ䣬ܰεͷ
ȥմУһӳ졣治֪δȥһЦ硣
ۣ
ȲЦˣǱǺˣ̲ס
ȿȡȿȣǼƷ
ȹȻԣˬתͷأ˼ѾӦף̨ΪҪЦ
һèԣһ֣߳ûû£ʫʫֻ
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ֻҪô޻˼ӡҪӷˣ
һ޻ɴ޻£
ϵǶΣĿ㡣
ʶ֮ˣǰ½ǣС
˼Ҵ󹦵ġⶼׯҪҲһĳ
޻дˣһͣ漴ոȻľ䣬Ϊżءԭ
ԭô޻ȡ
̲סôûżһһˮȻȥط˼䡯
ɫ죬֪ʫ׵ľӡ
Ȳ𴩣ЩҲסǿСҲһʱ飬˹䡣
ͬҲǻӼȻ㲩ͨ񣬺βҲϴҵȿ۽磡ֻЦˣɲұΪ
ޣΪ飬ǲԽأ
ƤЦⲻЦصаҹʫ٣ɡļѾ䣡
㣡
ǰǳϮˣһ仰˵ǾСȴԻʲô
ǣ˰ŭСүΧ㲻лҲͰˣһٶĶҲϹ˵˾ʵûûƨɵʵ˳𣿡
ۣ
ֵһˣλ̫Ʒˣûءûƨɡ
˶ʶؿ򶭾
ʵ
㣡㣡ָ˰쾹û˵һ
ʲô㣡Ʋϻ浱ӺǹKް
ոô˾ӵ͵ĵ۾㣬Ӻƣơӣ

аһСİϵ׶ˡ
ڿУ᷶͵û֪˭Ҫ˵ӺƣƷӣʮоŸܰȸɹǵ¶һһ
Ȳ϶ĸڳŶԱš
ŴɣһȣƷӣֲ³

һʵڿȥˣСѾͷɶҼү
үСһ㶡
ѽ漴һԭһİ
ԴĺߣȻ֪ɺԼһģǸ˶˰ɣ
ȻǰǴ۴ܾܲԽǰ˵ء
С쾪һΪǺͲܾԴ׵˵أ
аˬ˵֪᱾˰ɣҿ԰˵ʦ³֪ѷ͵ĵӡ
Ҫȥ䣬һصӣȴС˵һ䣬ȲûѪ
ҲʲôˣӸôѡôһң
Ǽǵãϧٽ㳣˵˵ǰ³϶ҲǻˡοƷӰ¥ƹˣԸһ㲻ȲܾǺõȥ
Ӷ޻˵ˣСѾͷǲ
ƲһεȣһС°ͣ϶Ļˣһòˣ

ʱһЦҵ˭ԭǡưɡǸҪƹӽҪġڡӦʱӦˣ
ѡڡҧüأǷȴֻʫ
û˵ֻȻڹһӰǺӣĺԾһơ
̵ģôҼҹ˵أŲӰҲӺȥ
һСŮ£Ӳܼƽϣ˿ɾͲˣ˭˵һ֣Ӿ͸Ҹƴ
ʹһӣȴԭƴӲƤ¶ūҲԵ˵ˣ
۾һͲˣϾûд򲻷졣
ͣ
Ƚסӣ߹ȥֵҲǣôأ
ԼУֵǷᣡ
Ⱥ˺һۣҧһڣ㻹ҧȥ



146 ּ
ҧһڣ㻹ҧȥ
һ仰˵һѪû˵ôġ
㣬ô˴ֱɣ
ƲװʲôӣҾˣҧҰ
ڣһȺһҲȵĶ֡
Щߵǰ
¶ǰʫ𣿱ǡ
˵ţʣīӺʫתۼɡ
ѱһӣȻ˵ӽãٶһ䣡
ӣˣ
գ
ʹŮѸĵҲ˳ϵģߡ
ˡͣ˵˵Ҳ˰
˵꣬ȼӵ°Ѷɨ˸顣
һ£ûô
ҪûأҪƨûɵĲ椣ջʵڣʲôƷζ
һ̲סתͷȥȸոտɨһ顣
񡭡еƽ
￴ֱð亹ӺƣƷӣĲ椶Ъ˹ش𣬡Ʋ
ֻȸͷߡ
ˣһ𿿹Ʒӵдʲô
ֻһۣ˰ˣ
Ͷһ䡭
ɣݾ
䴫ţӺʫֻڣʣ°ڣô˼ҲԣһЩɵģֻڡ
ڣдֽϵģڣҲס
Ϊ
Ϊ˵áһ䡣
ֽ䡭
һһ֣
һһɡ
һ

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̵ģȰڻ͡
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ʲôʫʲôûС˲
Ҳԣֺʲôˡ˷ˡ
㾦֮Ӧýһ䣡ˡ
Ʒһۣ׷Ⱥ
ﻹҵõȵӰӡ
椶ţôôᣡ
ܲҪǱץȥʺʫ䣬ô
ΪĸͲӦˡ

صɽ԰ĲͲȹĵˣ͵һ쿪̿Ρ
ء
ѡϴһأ
ʮֵѧҪ飬ʦ³꣬ȷɡ
٫ڶ˻ɽȻ˷Ҫ֮¹ټѾ˼ƽϡһȲ£һصͷʣ
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ʵĪһʳ飬һߵʲôһ䣿
԰ʫһ䣡
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˵˵ĳһҹһʲôӶЩ⾳ЩΪֽ󣡡
һЦصԡ
˵˾¶ˡ

˵˾û˼ˣҲȤ
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ڲ٫ɵĿУȼæ⣬˵£ټʲô˼
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˵ǲǰѹں͹ټͨ
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ϵÿһҶǹ̺ϵһ㡣
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ţһʲô֣
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٫ټ˵˵֡ơǣټҾͻ֡䡣
ⲻǿ𣡣ȶˣûʵ۶һ˵־Բʲô°

ҪĻںأ÷֪ˣͷٳһӣ̫˽еˡ
뾩һ࣬ټ˼˵â̫¶͵˰
ǣ͵ȳɽһ
ȱ׽ˡ
Դˣȳûпʵ˵Ҫ䣬ǿɲġһģȷʵЩ̫ͷΪԸʹȻЩνġͷЩаĻ¡
ҲӦһʱ䣬þвõ𽥹ƽ
ңڻɽҲ¿һҪżλʦѧϰҵܳһЩǰȴһֱûʱȥʵˡ
ˣȺѧĿǻѧ
ԺĽɣѧҲҪʼ
ĵ㣬ҲҪһ㣬ʡҪμĴǡ



147 ʦֶ
䨳ӡ
֮ǰǣ֮ƯһֱֳС䨴ѲҶڻɽӽӵ˾ǣڶ·ϣռʦ
Ƿ϶Ҫԣʲô£
ǺǣйϵΪǷ϶ʦ֮һ
ʾǸӣ͸˶۵飬˵ˣ࣬Բ㡣
˵ѧ϶Եʵ˵ǵҲΪң缸︴ѧ̩ɽ洫
Ҫɷӵʫܾôһԡ
ĽʿԣʫΪأ۴֮ᣬǵ´οƾٵ״
ΪóľռıᣬܲܿϣʲôΣ͵ÿʫ۵ˮƽˡ
ʫз͡λ˵ǴõʦҲˡ
ңͻһλרʫʸ踳ˣֻǻδɽŵһⷽһĽ
ڲ۵ɣ϶Ҳλʦܺȡ
ܾͲ˵ˣͷ۹ȷͻҪԲĵİգγڻУû˱ڴ˵
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ȣȫƳġ
ڵݵʱ䨾ͷ֣䲻ģıǱף۵棬۹Զһƫʵģȿһ۾ҳв㣬ҵһѪ
ǣѵ϶Ĳ۷棬ȵҲʮر𣬱ԺûУ
ǡ
졭䨵İ취÷ʺȶ죬ȡ۹һЩΪá
ȵʵ治ɣҪܺԼѧҵҪѧйܺ÷϶
ȥѾ̫ˡ
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ˣԴεҽˮƽһã͵Ӣš
ԣˣȵһҪ¾Ƕ塣ǹҲýʵʵģһСҪɣ
Ǿ׿ÿһܵɽͷٴͷһ·ءһһ֮࣬󣬶ٵСһЩǿʽ
ȾƾɶԼ۵øƵģοȴ˯緹ǣƭŻǼȫһۡ
ٺϰÿ쳿һҲԾˣְĿŵ˷͡䨵ϡ
˵֮

ǲԵģ˶ϸɲӦö
һõеϿɣҩ˼оᵽ֮ط
ǣԺϵ͡Ե¸ա䨡ܣµջĻ̫һ߶ͶһȻС۶̴һʿ

³
̩ɽ︴һģ̩ɽԺѧʮˡ
꣬ʯȥ̩ɽԺʧȥıٻս㡣ҵ︴չ̩֮ɽԺԵعҵԺܵҫ
˴Σ︴öʦ֮ǰɴͰԺԸһǳοǰٶ֮ĵһѧˡ
︴˵лмǺӣܿܳΪ֮š

̩ɽ̳ĵλһ̳ŷ޺ʦͣں֮ϡ
һɽؾӽĽһЩкҲݻᡣ
Ƶģ֪岩ˡ
֮ǰһֱ֣λ๫һֱڶڻɽס˰£๫ÿȣĿ㣬Ӳ֮档
ڣ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ԭ๫ȵʦֶ

Ƿ͵ĵӣ̩ɽδ֮ʱӦܷ͵ĽӼãһҪʦ֮
ԣ︴ȣӲ۱Ϊʦܡ
ɰˣ̩ɽγ֮һ̩ɽиӺܳϢѾ˸࣬Ȼ岩
˵๫治ôʦ۱ݣҪǿҵúܡ
꣬ʯʦ︴ʯʱҲΪʦ˵ôɣʯ︴˵ʦֵҲУ˵ʦͽҲС
︴ͷǾúܣ˵ˣеܲˣԼԼĵӻ˵ģ岩︴˾̳ġ
ԣ︴͸๫ţ񲻷ϣʦǸû߶Сޡ
Ǻǣʦû


148 ɽ֮Σ
๫ǿǽĳִǧ꣬мһֱţĳģȴҪһСʦ⣿
ңλСʦ廹ʡģһֱ̫á
ԴˣҲֻܰˬĺ๫档֪λеС˵ʲôʱ͸ԼСЬ
︴ĵȻûй˷ܣϾִĴ壬ЩЩȤ£ڷ͡ŷִţˣʧɫ١
λȴľˡ
̶ȣλ˿ʦ̣ڶ֮ϡ
ðɣûбٷˡ
ʦһֱ˵һλרʫʵҪɽǧ룬һŷޣҲû˭Ȼɽ⼸λţ˰ɣһ訣ҲǾʱģʫˮƽһ㡣
ѹûλ룬Ϊż߻Գ˾磬ҪڻŽ֮ȥڹ޵еһ
飬ôأ
ûҪλ񣬾䡣
䲢ı֣ı
ڳֻ꣬һס׳졷֮ʱдˣȥǳͳ踡ȥʰɡͰִеھ֮лȥˡ
ǣˡּ䡯Ĵ˵һʣк˴䣬Ϊһ
ʵʷȴԶȺ˵Ҫпöࡣ
һ٣˵żŮ˵룬ҲǴġ
гˡ´ղڣΪ㲡Ψ񣬸һΣһı̾
ʮ기;գʮٴνΪȻ׵Ǹߵڡȴ룬ûò˾٣һ˴ʣˡ
һԲУȻֻüɽˮΪ¥¥Ϊ顣
ֱ٣ٳ󿪶ƣſԲоӵ¼ȡ׼еڡ
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ǷʮȻ飬̷һ㲻ģڵطнȻû취ǲĴ
ȥ꣬һ˹٣䨡ܿԺһĥҲˣ˰ɡʮˣϽҸõطˣ
ǣ˷ţҪԺϡȻ⣬Ĳ˵ʫϵ裬ϵڶû˸ϵһŷǸ̳ҲУ
ĵ︴ʱҪ䶯˵ʢǰ
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Ը٣
Ը߽У
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ֵģеˡżҲûôɣʮ󼸵ˣæù
ǣ߹ķûг̫ãһ£СǾҲˡ
Ϊˮˣ
ս£ʦ֮ؾ꣬һʮ죬ۡ͢Ҳԣ··Ӷ·أޡѿһ֮ꡣ
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⼸죬ÿ춼Ӱתƣʱ̶ˮλ仯
ôȥգ֮Σ٫վߣ⼸죬Ҳ춢ڻɽ
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ͦˣǰɣ
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ϣܸ˸зլʹףʰϸҹд˻ɽ
ɽʱҲַǳһ·ͷŵ¡ɽĵũʰöȣɺӡţȰɽϳ
վߣĲɣӿɫѳ
үǻɽ˲ȱϺүǶϵ̰ɣס


149 
Ҫϵ̻ӣ⻰ͷѾīһˣʵڲ֪νˣֻûο
壬ɶҪֻҪڣǵ㶫мݣͽûˣɶûˡ
ڣڣһصϺˮҲס
Уʧȫɽһ˶У
ɲһĴˮûǧ֣

һ԰ǻ˵զأɽɽĪٸң
ȡȡһȲɵݣְֻѻ˻ȥͷȥȫСɽϰᶫˡ
ȿ漱ۣƹô̧ðᵽʲôʱȥ
ϸʳһɲҪˣ
С
վɽţͺӼǰдϵ£
ٽҹͷһҴ󴬿٫Ӵ㳤һ
٫һߣȾȲʵһˣ
٫һ󣬡ˣһ
˳ĿȥֻһŮʹӵһٸߣϤӰһӻۡףǿ涭ϧ٣һλǸѾͷ
԰ˣ
ȹһ񣬳ɽеϵĸҶˣȻٲ԰ӡ
һˣʱ԰ӡλ糾棬Ȼǵһμ
΢΢һƹӷˣ
˵ﻰʦӣ˳һɱɡ
԰˵ͷҲ飬ʦ³㣬˵о֮أ
ʦˡ
԰һЦ˿ҵĶϧٺͶ
ϧٻ⣬ǰһһƹӣֶߵĺҲʩһ񣬡Ӵ硣
һЦֶ֪Ķˣϧٹ
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ӵȻ֪ʲô˵Ҳǿʱ򣬳ˣɽѾ׼ס˵ţ԰˵һŮɽߡ
һ˲ע֮ʱ͵ĳһ°͡
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ȴоѣô͡æܡ
⣬ֻ͡Ե¸ա䨡٫˷˶վڸߴܹȥһһʹԤϣҲɱǰľŵü
ϱϿȰھ˳ӵڻɽһα˼ޣֻɽûյĴͣ˷ڡһĺˮһֱ͵ɽţԺֺǿʥʯֻвɵľ롣
٫յǰҺðҪ죬ˡ
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ˮƵ̰ӣ̼Űɽȵļ̡˲串ˮ¡
ٶȣգҲҪ֡
һ̾ҲΪҪ֪ʹǧ֮Ȼ֮ŭ޷ܵĴڣοڸ涼ΪͺĹŴģҲֻо£ˡ
ʱԵ¸ճ
׻ô˵ˡ
Եǣδ֪ûһ˿ĳɾ͸С
ƺҲͦס𣿡
ҡͷѡ


150 ˮ
ͿɽµһƬҡͷѡ
ˮƣͶܡ꾡ط
ү˾Ԫǳˮ𣿴ĺӻܱȵĻҪף
Ե¸찧̾첻ΰ
ϧԵ¸յİ󣬻˵
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͢ʱǽͷö⾩ʦһأݽкӷ漱౨ʮݸΣѣ
һ֪ȫգһλٶ־ߡʱڸλݷ˽һ岩ڿʼˡ
ԴȨȫˮʼԾͳ˰裬£岩һָӡ
Դˣι򲻵ûһԹԣΪϡ
״Ԫ֪ԼＸҪƽƽ¹ϵѳŪһźԵĳҪ˵ȳӣҾ֣ιһҲһĿ
ȳӡƽҵı£γ๫˵ǵڶû˸ϵһƳĸԾ¶š
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๫һѳоڵ͵صĳǰʳܼڵĸߵǨƣһڳǵľԱд󿪸ŽɰգԷδȻ
档
๫ص̰ӣϵ̻ߣ˰ᣬְر߽֮Ͷӷ֮񣻸ת֮ʣ;ʱÿۣϷزݣʱ׼ת
岩շתŲ֧Ӧ£æңȴֿš

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ʱͿ๫ıǣûˮ֮УڴεõǨͽʱ˴ˮͿ⣬߾֮֮УٵһΡ
ʮգˮֵﶥ㣬ˮ಻ǣҲδ󣬺ӹϱԤƿˮҲð²ȥ
ִе˳е౨ҲǳһǺֹȥҪ͵Ӫˡ
ִҵͬʱҲɵĶ岩
˴ܴ֮꣬εýжȡȻҵģγ֮ĿѾڹԺˡ
ұˣ岩ֻʮ꣬ǵ֮꣬ô˴ţ֮ӣ

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岩˵衯ִвţԲţӼţҲš
֮԰Ƕ۵һ飬ΪĿ౨ʵڵ̫ˡ
ʱִ岩Σ๫Ҳ˵ȡһŴɽͼָͼˮֹգ漱֮ΪμˮˮˮȻƺ֧ƺᡣ
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̣ûӣԾ̷ǻ˰֮پأ
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153 ɺ޻ǿ
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154 Ӧ

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155 
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156 
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գϢ⣬ϱ飬ԳӦ֮ȸݰϸ鱨֮󣬼ʹֵĴξҲˣ
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⻹Ҫģ岩׼޷ܵǣƺӾڣһ·ϣһǰ֮ƣ׹ӣȡˮ뺣
Ŀһеڣ֪գӦģ̱
λ๫ðˮʮݵķգҲԸƺӣΪͻƺǴζԿɹҪߡһʧȥߣɹ֮ġ
ǣȴ˶û뵽ġ
ں֣ң뱣סҲ׻һ
ڣƺӳɽӣԭİ׹Ѿֱߴ󴬣ɹҪΣֱԴرֱ￪֮ĻƺӰߡ
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岩Σңһλ࡯๫֮ǩܵΣ֡
ִпŲֵ֪ǰĸ٣Ȼ̬Լǲˣû˵Ĺ

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ʮգִѣʮ֮ôܣʱ䶼
ǣôƵּ⣬ô·ˣõ๫ôƵĽּˡ
׵ǣʮڣֵ͢ҲƵص
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Ȼϲԭ֪ù̺Э֣û뵽Ķô졣
ܲΪһ죬ȶ׼ˡ
һӣİ彫ʳת˵·ᵽһ룬һֻҪǧ˵ɡ
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һֻĴ£ǮҪⱨӦġ
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ԣ·ĳɣһɣ٫ȴûҪֻ·㡣ңܹ͵͵ظ߽ʵ·Ĳᳬһɣʣɣһ
˻ˣÿ֣Աӣֹ߲Ϸ䣬ΪҪһйء
Ǿ
Ͳӣ˾ͻ٣߲Ծͻ򵥺ֻܶ࣬ҪзԣȻû췴
˵ֻҪʳ˵ǲ񣬻ǻʵۣеף֮Ҳȥһ룡

ǣ֮࣬ȴҲзգΪֲͣˡ
ִУԡǣ
ִк״Ԫ治ӣʵ˳˸ɵۣڳʲôæҲﲻϡ
ִǹ³ڳþǰһȣó֮͢ں̫ء̫ƽʢã֮󣬳͢ҪľȣҲǳλһҪԭ
Ϊ겻㳤ڻͬ·һڿıΣѾǳˡ
һ˵ǲʲôҲʲôԲԣ״Ԫֻ׼һŹټߣôģôġ
ڳУ𵽵һ͸ͻĽɫҲǸ̫ƽг
ǣȴˣƺӾڻûϣңܿҲ²ˣӱʮδ⣬ʱҪĿӣ֮
ң˭֪һӣһꡢܻģγ˶Σѻںͷġ
ε˻вصģ¡ζҲ֪֮ģռéӲʺ飬Ǹɲ
ң̣ԾҪܴΡǾ仰ҪĿģܾûкЩ鷳ˡ
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ǣִȥѾ뼸ܣֻ׼ࡣ
ǡ
ˣִһߣ˭أ


157 
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ڶ岩еģֻҪҸ֮֮ˣ
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ʱһϰ취иݼԻѹһ潫ת˵񽻵̺ϡ
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㲻ҪԼ͹ȥҪһҪһ
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һӱ֣ϻ۾ʼð̹⣬Ӽ࣬ҪΪݷ
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ȳÿ췶ͰŵҵپǷÿ춼Ҫøָ֮ʱ䣬ҪôŷҪôοһ˻졣
գ˶ʦĿΣ緶ԼһڷģֵУοڷ桮Ϸ
ʱԴضˣҾãƴмɣм񣬽Ȱ֡
̵ֱۣģѰŪң۸Ƣǰɣ
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Ц֮ʱһУƷӣҳ
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ƵضԼ˵˭ȥȰȰλˣҷˣ𣿡


159 Ϊʫ
һ󰧺顮Ƥҩһ취ûС
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ܼҡ˼Ϊˮᵽ˻ɽλȻҲ͸ˡ
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Ȼûճߣ԰ӡԣڸˣһ֡
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ԽһۺӺŮɷ͵͵ͱһ²ܾ˼ǣ嶯أֲô
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ɡȾû˶ϵĺãôȥҲǳ֮ơ
أΪҴ򲻹㣬϶Ǳᡣ

أ϶˵ңҲûϷ

ǾһְɣˣӴԺ¶ңˣʫ㲹ˣȥ椡
Խ۾һᰡʹͱһ²ܾ
ܾȻ֪ǻᣬһЦһΪ
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˵ɣʲôģ۸㣬ĵģҲ۸ңʫȶԣĳĳ
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ʶػͷһȳһĨЦݣϷ
˵ţתͷԺӺȥѶ˵ɷɡ
ӦһȥҷʣѲ˶ýѾ׿Ҳ˽
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ʲôϷս壬Ƕ壿
οаЦλҪˣոͲܾĶԻҿɶˡ
˭ֶοãʱҪվһһλıȽϺáǸСġ
ϷѡԴʼ
˵һ飬һ飬ɵҲѧˡ
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˵ʲôֲܾõԤУˡɹϵ椴ƣʧ
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160 ɱϷ
û֮ǰɱϷ
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һȥοҲˡңһϷΪڲź㲻ɥ־
ڣɽܶ˶ϲϷ׿ҲʱʱǴոǸҲ棬ˮƽߣȡ
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һʮˣò֣ȴ˭Ҳû֣ⲻ֪ʱվ˸ͷ
ʱ˼ҿʮΧһŴӹΣˡ


161 
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ȴ룬Խ½֣ص̫磬ҪѲͰȫɱ⣬Ӯ

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ܾ´
˷ȴп಻ͬѰĶѹֲ٫ʮˣϷϷƼ򵥣ȴΪʮֿ˵Ŀڲźжеˡ
֣˷ὥѾһ㲻οЩСȡ٫ˡ
ܾԽ񶼳鵽ƽݣҲûˣϷһӺ
һֱ˵ְ죬ֻʣȡƽ񡢾׿ͶԴ֮ʱȻʣ˾Ȼ֪˭ɱ֣˭ǲ졣
Ψһȷǣƽƽ񣬷Ҳƽ
ȴȻҲǼΪܣìͷֱָԴȷһ졣
׿
ǶԴ֨֨˵ĲҪ죬ɡ
׼ѶԴͶ֮ʱȴ⴫һŭȣ
һȺ
Сǲ죡ƴɾǸʺһɱǾ
˻ͷһ֪ɶʱվˡ

๫վ˰ˣӵһֿʼ棬ʵڿȥˣųġ
˵ʦҲ̫ż˰ɣ۳žҪҽ˰
ʦҪҲѣ
һŷԼһʱżʧ̬ˡ
岻ĵǶġ
εɤӣ˵ȶϷϷͲˡ˵ţ˫ŷתȥ
ʱ˲Żعͷ׿
׿֪ûȥˣֻðԼǩ˳
Ȼ
ɱ֣
ƴɣοҧгݵŭԭǸ񡯣
ȺٺټЦ
û취ֲܾƽҪǾ׿ץܾӮˣҪǰʫġ
ܾҲֱšȻǸ͵ģǲӮ˰
Ʒӣˣаհǿĵ
һ̯֣û˵Բܵɱѽ˵ţؿһ۾׿
Ϸ˾׿ɱ֣ʵҲǿѽ
׿ɫһ죬ͷ˵
ܾߣУֲ㣬Ҫƣ
ͷȻ壬ֽܰͻ˾ʤ
Σ


162 жǿ
ͷȻ壬ֽܰͻ˾ʤ
Σ
ܾŭã
˵ţܾԽֶӣСң
á
˸ˡ
٫˷һۣнн֮ɫ
˽ǵǳҾ¶ǣʲôⲻĳ
٫ʱΪֻҪ죬Ǽɡ
Ȼ˷տʼͷ٫Ҳûʹ졣˵ĿǴﵽˣ֡ϼһͲʺˡ
Լȥȥְɡ
һߣҲˡܾܿģȻ漸֣һ뵽ȣ϶һ㲻͵ԹԻȥùˡ
ȺͲܾδֳʤȻҪȥ
ֻȵĿǸ߶Ҿƣۺʤɱʤ־Ҫƣ˭ûٺȡ
Ӻ;׿һ⼸λѾȵͷˣ޷ˣĵ˳ȥ
οȵͨ죬Խļ򣬡ѥ˵ֶӰ
ǺˣŲܾеġ
ԽλεӦţСֽ
οĽˡ

Ҫ˿һӵĶɣƵþһë
ˣƷʲôĲϡ棬ǣοĳӵܺͽŵһˣƷ裬Ǿϡˡ
ˣ֮ӵܱ˵Ǻȶ࣬һϻĳҲǼٵġοοһһֶӡԽһһСӡ
ָŲܾ֪ʲô𣿡
ڳһµһ˭Ҳµļƣ
ܾһأӾϲ㿴ңɲҵӡðɣǰѧġ
ƨοݺݵһڣҡŵţʲôǲ㣬ëӣַӽˣ
οȶˣȻЩǿ϶ᵱŲܾ˵ġ
ܾĻֱȭͷ߬ž졣
οȴΪ⣬۾ؼڣҪǹټҵСӣҪǲܼҵˣ浱ܾǸ˰
ܾһͣ׵㲻ҲǿŸţ
˭˵ģοһۣСүԼģƤСүǳǰͷġ
ܾɫһף㡭ȶˣӲһʶ
˭˵Һȶ࡭ͨοû˵꣬һϡ

ڡڡ
οһǱȶŸƱСš
ڣҲȺͲܾһ˿
Ǻȵ٣ܾǾ̫á
˵
ܾﷳĺܣô֣ȻһֶûӮһ뵽ο֮ǰĻܾҲܾȻʲôö뻹䣡ǣ࣬Ҳࡣ
⻰ζȲȻʧЦ࣬Ķ࣬թбĺ𣿡
⣬ҪǰʫϧٹӮ
ȷ¾ƱбҪλú˵˵
⣿
ʣ
ڰʫˣҲϧˣȻأ
ȻܾһǰȻأû
Ȼ󡭡Ȼϧٹңܾһϻ뷨
ãȲƽϡ
ˣȻأȢ𣿡

ܾסˡ
ֻǻǰµ棿ܾ뷨;ͻϧٹ
֮Ϊ檣
ܣ
԰УҲɹ¶һȥ檣֪һôǿŮˡ
̳Ůϻķǣ԰иĵĹأĲΪ檣
ýȢ
ǿЦ
ʺĵܵҪǸȢһ¥ŮӣĳƲ٫ôȡ
ܾ˰죬ɫ䣬󷽵
ˣϧٹԶģһɾ£
ۣ
Сеɰ
ɫһָ࣬ŷϵοΪӹոյĻ𣿡
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˵˲ܼҹƨǡ
Զģ˾ǣ͵ö߶Զϧٸ㣬ʲô
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ϵһ£ѧĿʴȡѧ˳ᢵǻۣѧЩáʹ롢װ쵰㻹ѧʲô
ܾ˵ʹǰƷ˵ģ⼸һӴ
˵ܡ
ܾȦ죬ʲôӣѧһ£Ķȥ
ҽһʣЩϸһȵǣһͷʺ
ҸһһΪܼıǰ̣˭أ˼һ˵ҲܾҪʹλҲ
һܾ̾˵Щ˵ĲûûΡ
϶ȷŻѾϡ
еʱΪôΪ˸Լһš
ԼһܾԻ̧ͷ
ԣȿ϶ĵƲ㣬Ǳ˵£ԼƵԼɣ

һ仰ɡ
ܾһ֣Щ޵˵ҡ
һЦһ㶼ޣһ׻
ʲô
Сǿ
ҰҪʲ𣡡
Ī˿

Ⱥȶˣһ䡭


163 
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪܾ˵Щеġûģ֪ܾܲýȥ
ܣòܾûеҩɾȵĵزҲܣΪΪ٫ġѡӦܵһѡ
ֻ벻ǣܾȥˣһȫȫˣֱӸһϺţƵ飬ûȿ

ϲϧ٣ϧٻ𣿡
ԺʲôȲֻ֪žƾﻰܾġ
ᡭɣܾػӦš
ʲôİ裿Զǣһǰƣ
ҡֻû˼
Ҫϲϧ٣Ǿȥ׷󣬰Ѷ׵Щӵȥ϶б£ǿֻƲ㡣
ֱܾ³
ѵҲܾƷ˵ǰ㲻

Ǻǡ
٫Ҫ϶һȹȥӺ죬ҲţҶƵһһ㶵ġ

֮ȺܡʥĸһİѲܾˡԺصԼסò٫Ҳڡ
̧ܹһܵ鲻԰ʵأƴûɣ
ܾľȻҡͷȻûͷûԵ˲٫һ䣺磬˵ǲ̫ˣ˲ܼңǲǾ͹ƨˣ
٫һ飬˵ƴɺͲܾ˵ʲôˣô̵ҷѣҲҵܵ˵ĳģ
Ҳ
ǳĲҲһǴ٫֧˰죬õܵԼǺ£̫ˡ
ôģֻˢˣ㡮̫
ܾһ֪׸Լ㲻
٫ɫĻܵܰӣΪִô裬ô֣ΪҪ˵һ䡣
˵ǡ
ѧѧ㻹Сһ꣬ȴûеĺܶණֵǾ壡
ܾһƲ죬ҲˣˣƤĹ򣬻Ҳǿŷ๫ھкаԵ
ʹˣ
ܶڹԺϵ飬ܺͲܾ˵ǹȣ٫ã˵ĶУҲкֵܶòܾġ
϶֪Ǹͯɣ
ܾ治֪
ǣ٫Ͱʮɥҵ䣬ôһͶɽô˵ʹǹ٣ôһƵľƷɸıһʮȻôڷ¥Ĵѹ֮£Ӽза򿪷һһܾ
ܾˡеĹ£е˵еȴǵһ
ûһֻʮ꣬ڶ̶䣬ܴһСطǹͯߵζǵϲ㡣
ֱһ棡

٫ҲˣòܾطϢ
ܾ㶵ߣ͵֮ǰ˵Ļͷһ䣬˵ҪȢ˶ϧΪޣǲǵôҵȣ
٫һ࣬Է۾ԣ
ܾһӣǾǿ϶ȵඡ

ط֮һֱүû٫ԴҲû⣬ӣӦǺ˵ʲôҲȥˡ
°٫Ȼˣܵڶˡ
һֱڶϣܾҲû緹٫ȻҲûС緹ʮ֮˾Ŷԡзʱû٫еˣǲ˰ɣæʹȥ￴
һҪɰѲ٫Żˣ¶ˣʡĵĵܵһߣ
٫Ųܾµһţаʱģö˶˵ģʲôҳ߰
Ӧڵһһ˸Ͻȥңһ浽Ǻॳһѱ׵ȥӺˡ
ҵܵ˵ʲôˣˣ

ȺԩȵԺģ˵еء˭뵽ܾôԣ˵ܾˡ
ڣ٫űվǰţۿм˷ᡢԽܣһԻվŶϧٺͶ
ȣǶԴֱ̫ѨԵš
үߣһţøԽ˶ϧ٣һ⡣
٫ϴдţ
磬һˣٵ쵰ˣҳȥңҪǽˣԼͻˡҪû͵ûܵܡ
дŤŤʮ㣬һǲүֱʡ

ϧٵǣ
ϧٹңСүãͻȢ㣡ԲܾȢ㣬Ͳܼңҽ㣬ûϵ㱣أʲôԽҵϣһ
ȻôԵǣ˿һ˵ǡ

ڸԽǷ⣬ǡ
Ʒ˵ĶԣľֻʣǮˡҲףۺף˾ۣ̫ˡ
ֵˣȥѶһҲúõģϹˣΪӹƲۡ
и¶
һƷһ٣ֵܻʱ򣬰ϸںúøҽ
ڶҿϧٹ˭ҪǸҴ⣬ŪŪҵġ
ˣ˵û˼һ


164 үҸ
ܾиԵ⣬Ȼһƨɡ
ˣ
ɰȿˡ
ȻǺ¶Ҳô˵㣬˰ңôطڵģܸƨⲻò٫ѻ
Ҫ˷ţ٫һȵĶˡ
ƷӣҵܵҪи̣Һû꣡

٫ܾܲ˵Ƿмӻͷζ٫ȻǸˣţǲǸóͷܵһźס˼ңҲͶˣ˵׼ЩϰҲһˡ
ĳ룬ܾȷʵӻͷˣȴصе󾢶ˣֱ˲٫Ĳӡ
ܾôֲմˮϴûԼ˿⣬˲ܼҵıٻܸܻ𣿣
ˣˣ˷Ȱο
϶һʱ嶯ȥܾͻͷˡ˵ܼͷô󣬵ĶҪѴֻҪáӪһԱţø̷غúõͻ
٫һ˹Ϊ˵ҲûеԻǺܴˡ
˿٫˳˼֣ȵ㵽׸ܾ˵ʲôˣôģҶҪܣ
һЦҲû˵ɶݵİ
ʱͲˣȰͲܾ˵Ļһһʮظһ顣
û˵أͼ٫һͦǰһڣιȥˡ
ܾǸƢȸ˵ʲô˲ܼҹƨǣǺͼûֱ𰡣
ǻزˣ

عͷ˵ܾ
үȷʵȼˣʲôжǿôĻүȥǣ˵˲ܼҹƨǣȴǸ˲ܾһ
С󣬲ܾڿߣû˭ҴùͷɲүúܣЩ˹С׹ݿͲԣ۶Ʋ
ֻǣ˵ģʲô취أˣǰ̣
үҲƹˤˣװԼĺţƣ
ԴӺƣܾǵǿ𣬱״ûˡǰû˸˵˲ܼҹƨǣҲû˸˵ľʣǮˡ
Ⱦһ򣬺ݺݵظ˲ܾһȻ󣬻˿һΡ
ȵĻܾȷʵڷѣҲû̵Ҫҳߵĵز٫ȵĹүͲˡ
Ʒʮ֮ҡ֮ƴһǰ̣ҲܾƾɶУ
ǣܾȥһһͲţǸһƦʮ֡һ費ķӣ

ӻɽܾûֱ·ǵ˸ͷ˿⡣
ʵҪֱߣܾܿò٫ץȥˡһߣΪҪȻ뾩ķȥҡ˭뵽ۻؾأ
ܾؾΪģֱȥ£һٹǮȻԶߴҪúÿʮĿǣúüסɢڳеģÿһͶˡ
ҪúüסȵǾ仰
Ұʲ
үүãػҿ˭Сң
ðɣүһٹװ˸ơ
֮ʱֻһٹţƥϻʣ¶ʮƬҶӡִŵĲүûʶǮûˣ͵ú硣
ү緢س£ʽʼ磡

Ҫ˵ܾҲ˵ģƨȻһ·˳ӿһֱߵ˾ݣûܼҵץȥҲûʲôն
һҹҹ޾ϽһСӲֻһݣܾõҰǣȥιϣʹҡڵؽ˵꣬ǵõеĸ·̲Ŀ
үǸͷƫƧС򣬼ֱһ۵ĺܣ
ҪһϷֽһʳƽȵһܾл⣬۳ž͵ˣҲû˵ôа
ţֿӿ˹
񿡣ģ
ܾƲ˶һۣҲû߽һС꣡
ֽ˲Բȣүһ·ˣͼֲ֣Ҳֵçţ˵һ˵¡
ԣüЦһͲǷˣδ
ܾͷȾƣݡ
һ˼æݿǸõطݽţǿϵµĲ𡣡
һ˸͵ɲ˵ڵݵ軧ģǶٶپϸ桢ʹأ

һ·ϹڵݵĺãܾˣҲȥݿû˼˵ôãƷûдҴô
˵ܾҲȫƶ
ֺĴ֦ҶƤȴǼʶҲףϺһٺ٩ү߳ԱĲС
ҲûһͻֵܣƱյһֱҹ
󣬲ܾȵԵŵţǶ˸ܻطġ
үﻹЦҪ֪֮ڣͲھˡ
ֻڶϣүɵˡ
ģӣǺˣ


165 үı
ܾڶӻܻͦһ˴£˷١
Ҫһҹ˯ĵöܰ
ֻ˿ܾãүɻȻӶʵģǣİ˳Ͻͷ˲ǿ˿۶ˡ
ɣ
үֱ¥һʣҲǷɣҲŵһΪͲܾһأ
Һá
Һãү˵ҴܣҪȻҲǣߡ
񣬲ܾ޷ģ·ûСô죿Ŷˡ
Ҳ㡮ġ˵ûòү̫ϣƧģһ
һҸҪһܾʮᡣ
ܾ˵طͲֵǮʮʮɣ
ĳ룬ǸʱҲ˲ܾһӶûУ¾ͳˣҲͦģشһӣ
ѼǮĳ˰˹ᡭ
ܾû޳һٹİǣƱǿ֪Ҳû취ԹԵؽ˰˹ͭǮ
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ܾͭǮ·ˣ˵ˣȥݲʮ죬ͭǮ㹻·öȣòܾ̤ʵ١
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һͶ꣬үĲ˴ִŵëһᡭ
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үɵˡ
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ʣ100Ŀô
ʵ100ҲǹˣֻҪס78һƵĳ꣬һǮһĴôҲˡ
ǣү֪죬ס50ģһ׷̻Сˣ70ûˡ
֮ļ죬ܾ֪Լôġ
׷ӣ㣬Թٰͣ׷жȥ
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ڴ񣬲ܾȫΪ⣬ŷսʤĽһ㣬ͽˡ
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ڵҪӣ
ñһͷӣܾ󲽾˹ȥͳҰɣ
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Ǹϸбۿһ۲ܾ䲻ȵصһö20Ǯ
ܾһ죬Թ֮ȻٲǮ
ðɣܾҪ˼ݣܡ
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ң
̵ģƭӻ𣡣үţҪץ𼸸ܡ
ʱͼӵгһ຺ӣһˡλֵܼϼǣϡ
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ܾ˵࣬Զԡȴ຺ӵһˮˣѴܰһѾͰһѰɡ
ֺƵضԲܾһЦС˵꣬ǻȥ
ôһ˵ϸҲͲ˵ʲôˣһ߲鲻Ըؼ壬һҲҼƣЩˣ˵ţ˲ܾһۡ
źʹһͣȴϵ£
ܾɲʲô˭ӹ壬Ҳ̲̾߳Ա߼ϸϸ˸Ǯㆪ£
˵ֶ꣬걳Ӱµл˰
ȴǲˣ٣СƤ԰ʳֱ׳

˭԰ʳûȲܾ˵һըװıȡ˭Ƽǳ԰ʳš˲ɣ
ܾͷͼһ״󺺴ż˹һüëص
Ķķ蹷ӵҲҪܣ˵ӸӲȴһ㲻šĸĸҸܼҵĺô˵
һ˾񣬡ͷãСƤ˰ʳֱ׳òˣ
ͷüͷһ壬ɭؿŲܾ
ƼȻ̫࣬Ͼ˼СʳתӪľʿԹˣ岻ʱĻչ⣬鷳Ȼܲܡ
СؤԲѷˣӵȥٽ£һδһΣ
һһӵϣܾ˹ȥ
ܾҲû뵽Щôġ
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166 
Ҫ˵ؾǣݸҾ㲻ˣݡ
ܾ֪ڵȴǲͬӪʿӲΪգ£սڰռӪˣŲûʲôֱ
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СӣֶΣͷһȻϣܾһ
ͷӪϵĸ֣ټϲܾͶ٣ʳһʱ֮䣬治ͷĶ֡յ蹤¶ͷһȭС֮ϣ
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үҲΪԷˣΪηԳˣ

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ԼǲͷǴ˰ηתƣתƵܾʱһ˿ڵôûУ
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šܾɷµصȷʵˣȾнǿһ㣬㡣
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ܾ˼ôһ˵е㲻ˡ
ܾ壡
ϣ˹һУǱң
ܾһ£Ҳղܣܼҵˣ
ǿɸʲĳҲʥټ׿ơ
ܾһǲܼҵ˾ͺãӦò֪ܾǲܾ
ʲôְλ׼Σ
ˡ
Сӻ治һ˼ҵģô˵֪ʽס
Сͦ˼ҲʶˣӪָʹУξ
ܾ͵͵һƲ죬ټ׿ƲŻӪָӣǸӾƷϵĽףλҲҵˡ
Ҫ֪ǲүһ̥ɾ͹˸ƷϵУξм˶ʮء
СӣСͦ⡣벻ҵ
㵱
ܾ˵ûɣ
үүǲܱ
ҵܫ^
Ҫھл죬Ҳø˽ֵľƷУο죿
ԣҵ
֪ʲôԹԵļ
ûȴ˵һӼܲˣҪġȥ߹һ죡
ܾһ£ʲô䣬˭ҷ
뵽ܼҴӺܳʼǾңΪ
Ҫ𣿡ܾͻȻʵ
һԲ̣
СмʶҲо˵ҰԣϻйҲǸӣֶûôݾһ˵㣬˴Ӿ֮費ѡ
ȴ룬ܾһ֣Ʋǲˡ
ͷڱֱۣ˵Сûɣָ֮裬ˡ
Сӣǽӡ棬Ҫһӵģָ㣬𣡣лͷĴ
㶮ƨֱܾ
ӾҪ֣



167 Ը
еʱֻ˵ܾɵÿɰ뵽ģʲô֮裬뵽ģǾ仰
˲ܼңƨǣ
ЩҲ룬ηܸ֮ʲô
Ǻǡ
ү֣˻㹦Сʱǿǹûһõóֵġ
ĵòܾȻѣԵ
ǣ;ԶҲӲܼҵĶ˵Ҳǲܱӣھ˭Ҫ
ôƾԼı¸ɳһҵ˽ͷأ


Ҫѽӡϣ˭˵ǿܼλǽӡõ֤
ǴһСӡ֤
ʱҿ˭˵ҲܾǸ˭˵ҲԼƴģ
Ҫһεӣ
ԣӲ̫ѵĲܾҪϿ֡

ܼҷһҲûˣֻ÷϶㿸סԼ
٫֪ԼĵܵѾҵ˳ڷƱڵݵ˴ͷ̽ӡײ֮˾
ֵĲС٫ϲǡ
ϲǣܴ˴βܾʲôʱôһδ䣬϶һɱ䣻
ǵǣܴܵСԼ߻ˣ֪óԶٿࡣ
֮ҲȿӿˣŪ֮ܳһʱڲ٫ǰ̧ͷ
ܻȥ٫Ҳ֪ǺġϸһĥҲ㻵£ܾڿôȥҪµġ
˷ᣬ˷ҲԽ첻ҵû뵽ܼҵ϶ˣԽʵˡ
ʱڻɽ˸ȴһܣʵˡ̸֮оܿǰǰ㸡ˣʼ
УŰһµĴˮȥңһ֣ΪؽҪɣֱץ׳
ѹԺ޵ôƯȻٲΪҵ޳ıߡ
ȻΪֵ͢æµΪǧ֣ȴһ֮·˶ôá
Ѿ͸岩ˣԺ񽻸̺ϡ
Դˣд󳼲飬Ͼת֮£һֱó͢ͷ۲ѵһ¡̰Ƶëϣý˰鷳˦ȥ
ĩһֵ֮ɣϾֻǵ˼®ؽסǣ԰˺ͶϧȴûߣǼסڹǶһȺʹŮȻȥˡ
԰Ժ󶼲ˡԴˣֻ˵øһذһŮˣһ˫Т˳µĶӡ
ն˴ϼɽ˵Ӧú԰˵ģϾһһŮԼĸ
ĸȥ꣬Ҳڼ˵еŮˡǣûѡޣѡݡ
׵ٽ꣬ΪʲôҪźأ

԰˱ҪصһֵģȴֵˡΪӳֱ֣Ӹ԰һݴ
ԣ״ˣҲˣҲѴǹ٣ֺαںЩνأ
԰˱Сһʱ޴룬Ȼ£ʦ³Բںˣǲܲں
ǶǺúӣҪΪҹҫ鹵ģΪһ˵ǵǰ̡
ɣﶼݲ£̸ʲôҫ鹣

˽еĲѧŷҺ󱲽ϵĳƺ
԰ζʲôζţûԼ䨵ңҪԼһ̷
԰˻ˣȴûͬýȢĺ⡣Ļ˵ӶǺúӣܰѺӽ̵ôõŮˣҲһǺŮˣݡ
һТĸȵ磬ûȿˡ
ǶϧΪʲôߣȴôҲġ
ⶭһ㶼¥Ůӣ޵áһЩйݣʣµʱʹڻɽĶҲȥҲǴҴҶȥ׼ҴҶء

¿ʼǰɽѧɽԽԽࡣ
꿪ĴԽԽؾоۼҲ⣬طһҪȥģһȥ̫ѧݻ訣ɽѧ
û취͡䨡ܡ︴ͷʵ̫ˣҪʥ˼˵ѧġ
λʦǫ֮ˣңҲǱſڽĿģԣɽģܼͼáߣ͵˻֮ǰϤĽ̵
УҲȷʵмλţˡ
磬뾩ȼǲסÿһƵ״Ԫ˭Ҳһǵסѡ뾩ĵʰɣ
ôǻԪ״Ԫɰһס
һλȻʲô״Ԫ׼ȷ˵λһӣʿҲûϣȴȷ뾩һ򱶡



168 
֮ǰȰݻ壬ѾγǱˡ
λ忴㲻Ｘ䣬ٰƼеļʻܴ
һ졣
Ⱥͼ˸ž׿һ·嵽ͷۻ¡ܵɽŵʥʯͼվǶˡ
˲Ц춼зЩӦԾӶɽ̫˼λϢԾ޴صɽ£һֱٽŸɽ
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λɽģ
һһܵͷ󺹵꣬ɻ󣬡ѧݻ᷶ͼλģ֪λǡ
ԴǹλϣоóСݸʦʦúãȻͻλ
֮ϲæóϡ
Դӹ֪λմҺʦ
ѧü䭣ʡ
ѧüݳϣ¹

ȥ
ܵԱߣԱţһſϡ
˵˭ָ䭽еŵΪԼǷǮɡ
£ü䭡
䭡Ȫ

һΣȪ֮ţѧ֮ʱֵĳƺ֪Ǵ˵ģ

ֵˣĶˣĲСӻ˵ٵġ
ҵ
ãáЦſ
Ц䭻һ
ɽʦù緹ʹȥ
ϣʱ廰ոλӲ˵Ҫ֮󣬲š
˵ˣλĲѧ϶ûģʦǵġ˵ţȾɽߡ
ϣһۣ˵СӺò֣ûǵģô֪ã
Ǻǡ
λ£ÿҲ֪ܺð
һΰ˴֮һһֱǿƾٿԵļԼǽʿҲǽʿֶӻǽʿѵĶӸǽʿմ߶Ķˣ͸񲿹ԺǼҿһ
ɽϣ౻壬˵Ժǲһɾһĺõط
ʱ͵ӦǸɢ경緹˵λù緹ûУ
ɫһΪŶӣͳˣû緹
ȥ÷ùҶˡ
Ǿûඣøһ𡣡
Դο˲֣ûӺôĹôˣ
ʳᣬ䭺ͳϣЩ֪ʲôãΪʳ𴦲һԷҲǼδ
ȼ˲֪ǵһԷǲӦΪ˸һ̡ͭ
ͷȶʳǱţ顢࣬ǱʱСˣλʲôȡɡ
˿ʣûôԹ
ңʳ༫࣬ٳϳӦоС
Źѧ˼ɿڵʳ˾һƧ¡
ȼҲˣض䭵˵жͯ
£
ȻװźһʣǾˡ
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ȮӲţ֮ͯ˵Ǵϻ۰ˡ
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˭ϲ˿ԼӰµȻˡ
ֻһ䣬͸˲ˡ
´νϿҪλӴǵĲѧʦһϤĽ̵ġ

ƣ˵ĵˣ´θϿοϰ
֪Ӹմ
ȣӺơ
ۣ
䭣ϣһĳʳȥˡ
ԭλǿ
ƷӰ
£ĶƷӵ¼׮׮ûһ˵ġ
λɣȷеڳˡ
˵λԶĺá

ŤŤسԹ緹Ƶ۴ȥˡ
ȿŶȥıӰеʧ
һ̸֣ڻֻǸԲڵϾӣûسʥĵز
һĶӣҲֻʮҵСӡ
ɰ
ʮһɣǻ
ڻû޳٣ˮƽеġ
䭶ȥͣһ˵£ϣĿݣʧšֿ˿ľ塢ʫȻǷЩ򣬵ʱձġ
ǣ䭡ȴûˡ
˵Ȫƫƺء
ľ֮ѧǶܻûзѧʵʫĹֻͨ˳
ǣдʱĲ۵ı£ȴǳһˮƽͿ֮󣬶еԲλࡣ
䭵ʵ̫ƯˣƯ޿ޣ
ʵ£ֿȪ֮ͨС
֮ʱģΪµ䷶ӣ



169 
ͻ治ǿţ̳ҲΨŷ±ʤһ˰ɣ
˵ﻰдƯǣͲܽƸС
Ŀǰε̳ƫշķ磬ڳ͢ҲʫۡƯʫʹȴӲˣھҵ
ϣеĿԴ
ķѾǳǸֱ֮ˣڵƽ֪ͣʲôʱ˵ʵʲôʱػر⡣
ͷҲû˵ʫĲãϾм¾ͿˣʱģָǵĲҪ
ֻǺܳϿҵڹԺסˣһӦʳ޷Ĳȡݶ˵Ĳ㣬޵ָ䭿ʫʡ
ϣʱ֮۵ʣʱ̡
˵ȻǴϲҪ֪ݻѧ֮˶ţëԺѧϰģȴ޼
д٣żλ๫ѧϰֱ컯
治Ƕ˿š
ھͲѿѧжѡ
ʲô
ϧڹ١
ǿļ£
ӺƵʫ
ϧٵĴ
µһơ𡱣
йԺľټ
ΪλĹϵԺѾˣֱȴѧ̫ѧԺţͺ˹͵˽ʿһ㡣

ʵ治ǹԺġ
ĳԾǰһѧ¼Щʶ֮ʿһһչŻĻᡣ
ǣһѧС񲻶ϣ˲ݺѧ˵飻
ЩϿӴΪֻǶƽ
˹ԺǾǷ͡︴ܡ䨡ĵˣȹҫĺ£˭Ҫ
ԣڷ͵˽ӴӼΪȻλ廹㲻ѣҪ׿ѧȴǼѡ
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ǣеʱ㲻ȥ鷳鷳Լ㡣
ͷȴˡ
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ǣȴһ±ζˡǶȥԺˣǹȥ˶ΣŻ̫ѧ̫ѧԺĴǾͲˡ
ƾʲôһͰǵķͷˣ
˵ˣԺǹѧѷ˷̫ѧķͷˣ
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Щ౨ҲǿЦá˵̫ѧѧôôСֻóˡ
󣬻̫ѧֱ訳˵ˣߣǾҲȡıΨ£֪֮ӡ
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ʵҲûлŷߣûͬ⣬ķɺã︴ܶȥˣûȥɡ
ϻڹԺõģõģסõģõԴҲһ˼Ƕܣƽ
ڱžſĹԣ̫ѧôѹϻģ
Ժûкôš
ϾǰʮѽڣһǻʵۼװǴ裬˵ûͣټϷʵʮҪӦ괺ǣһңȾãӦôҷɷɡ
ҲͶҹһͬµ³̡
Դˣҿ˵ΣΪӡ
˷ֱӰѰ׷¥е˻ɽǰ׼ʳöȣƾ
԰ǸһֵĹﲻĲʹλ̳ĹҹԲ룬ɽˡ
ǲ˵Ĵ£Ҫ֪԰˽̳ĹɲֻϧһλϽ硢ϽĻӡȻԶѾǹ棬ô˵Ҳǻ
һٳʵʢ˭
˵ˣǴʻ߹Ϊ˵ôһᶼո֣ȴ岩һ仰ȥˡ
ڣӱֻδƽרһ֣֮֮أ
ʵȥԶٷʲô¶ǣ๫»ʵ۳˳ˡ궼ˣҲˣڹŰɣ
ǣֻܿڹͬˡ
ǣ岩ҲǹȥԼȴҪȥ


170 
岩Ŷɽ˵ǰʮ嵽ɽʦڡ֪¶󣬱Ӷˣ˵Ŀţ
֮һֱæڳ£һֱҲûѣǣҲЯһͬڡ

д壬ˣм磬ˡ
ʮԲ֮ҹʫԡ´ʣôݻôߴϵ飬ôٵ˴γܵأ
⣬ԣҲҪȥ
˵ͷͲ϶ûʲô¶Ƿ๫ϿҳԵˡ
ǣԴǹ֮дοʣ˷͵ĸ߷ڡνֲЦˣ˰ܣûë
ҲһЦ
꣬䶼ھУҲ񣬷ԼҲҡˡ
ͬһдһ磬˵Сӣʱ輧Ͳҵıֵˣ
д˷ţЦϣڲ
ͿݸһЦ֪ͷҪһسӡǣû취˭иץǮĵأݳҲݳ޵ֱ׳
֮ʱͬһܡ
๫ţصͷ⻹࣡

ԡ
λҲܣǣȥͷ͡䨡ܡˡԾƣ๫
꣬ҿǶһѶ͹ȥѾǼޣһȾƣԼûġ
ǣοڹԺ͸ԺĸھߣƶԿЯһͬ硣
״Ԫҵ̨ˣȥģɲϸȥġ
ǽ˶ӵĹˡ
¿ɺãʮ죬ԺһΪסǰˡ

ڣݳա
һҡ岩һҡһҡһңӼƽؾ˻ɽ
֮ʱԵ¸յһҲɽүӹڣټϲܼҺ˼ңʵ١
ϣŷתһȦֱˡüݰ֮һӼôഫ˵е
ȥһ฻
ٹȥһǸ岩
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йԡ
ʷгƽ顭
˭˾Ĺ֮˭ùؽһС๫
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䭺һۣ˵ĺһ㡣
ϣ˸ȴʼɿУ֮֮ʱٿ٣
ȪڻǺܰģȻԲУԼʵǺĵġ

ߣߣǱߣ٫ȴװ
ܾһȥأܼҿѰ޹ڹУܵڽɽֻʣ٫һˣԹµ
ţͼȱŸСкߡ
ʲôأ
٫һۣ˵ʲôأ
һ
ֻװԻСͯȤСۿôΣɲѧҪɵõ㣡
Сͯصͷણ˸ʪǡ
٫ûذѺӴȻϲԼȥҶӽƣ
˵ţСֵͯҪţҪǻزҪˣ
СͯˡĲ֪룬ԹԵؽкţ
С壬С壬ҪС塭
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ȲɻѾˣʱҪسǸ
һʲ֪ԭǶϧΪ˴˴λⶩһ£׼ϳ֮áֻһԣЩˡ
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ѽǼһ͵ӣò˰ʱ͸ĺȻӣŵشС
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СѾͷһ㣬ˡ
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ô·أ˵ִҶ᷸
ϧٵͷ˼صǰĳߴ磬û뵽Լˡ
üͷһ壬ǰĳߴ磿һ˼ûˣ
û¶ɣüǰĳȥ£


171 ԰
ҲүͲöϧ̫ʣûãɫͿʼֹһʱưö¡
ο˾һʱ䣬ˡ
ã봩Ҳˡ
һʱҲͣϧٿɫüͷ
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׺İɣϧȻһ̾Ҫøʧˡ
ʹŮȰοҲãʧԺӣõġ
ʵϧĲЩ
ǵһμأⳡҹݺá
⼸գ԰ӵ˼ǾϸɵذһУŮһæǰæҲֻжϧ׸˼Ϊһˣһм˵ȥһԲ֮أ
ϧҲеһ׺һ
֮ԷҪʾˣø޵ӵˡĳ룬˲ӣ칫Ҳ
ţУһӰŴԶ
ϧһ漴Ц绨Ǻӡ
һֻдеԳһ㣬ӹ˹
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ϧٽӹҲ鿴Ӵ磬ɾ
ӺһЦ٣Ĺ뷿ҽˡ
˵꣬Ҳȶϧ˵èִڽ

ʱܾݺںӵڣС

ʺֵܣ
٫Ҳ࣬ӻʪ·
ô꣬ؼʮ·̣ʪ͸ΨǰһƬˬôģ
Ӹոջһ׸·һŴ͸죬֧ô¡ۿйˡ
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붼ˣſһ·ӳ߻ǵöﰡ
ӰȺȻе
ɶ¶
ǲǿһĸˣ
ûûУǻˡ
ȴһӣ˾Ϳˣ˵ĸˣǣ
ûСӰɶģɱϹ¡
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Ӳ˵ҲöʣֻպģҪǿʲôߣͰ˵һ¡˼ԸԸ⣬û
ӺƵҪʲôŮûУݲ㲻Ը⣡
ˡ¶
ϧٹ˵·ǼǰĳŻ᲻ģüǰĳȥʲô·
һΪϧٹѾüû·ˡ

⻰ҲŰûûͷ̫ˡ
˭˵ģҲϴŰɣȥӶѰ˼ҺüĽˣѶ
ģӼΪϧٹͦ⣬ʵ׾ݵĺܡ
Уһۡƨһ֣ʮʹŮ˵׾ݡ
ʱ٫ȴӵ⵹Ǵ԰ˡһ˿ǲٲ٣ȴֻһʹŮ
£
ʵĹǺǺüʮʹӶ˶Ķģӻþˣ
٫һ㲻֪
֪ʲô
Ƕ԰ĹһЩϷͷ޴Ͷ԰Ŀ˰ˡ

Ŷ԰ǿõĲɣ
֪ΪʲôֻҪһֵĹμӻ񣬰֮λͲ𣿡
Ϊʲô
ǰûЩҪûѰ
һ԰˽̵ŮȷʵмֶΣ԰Ĺ˱ȻճȺǣ԰ĹһƷϾ͸߳һû˼ҾѾӮˡ
զԽ˵Խأ
סΪ߲գ˽֪ʵãլΪ檣Ҫĸɫãɫ˥֮޼ҿɹ飬߱ʱʽǡ
԰һ糾֪Щֻбһ໥֣Ųø³
Դ԰ӣ˹أһ븻Ϊ檣ǲ԰ãֻҪϼӭţɾ֮⡣
ԣ԰Ĺһȥ𾴣ΪǲΪԼΪһ޿Ľá
٫һ˵ȶеȻ
ʱии԰ˣͳʦʦ
ŶˣżилӢ·ء



172 ˼
ò˵԰˵ǻҲһ˿ɱȣ⿴ƺ޻رƾ٣ȴ԰Ĺһ˿ϣ˵һִС
磬ϧ١
԰ʮˣ쳣ܶ˿ܻ˵ɵкӲʲô
ʵһҲɵǱȺܶĿǳҪöࡣ
Լ
ΪҲȥһ죬ҲղٵʱǸʱ򣬾ҪЩһһĹأȥˣȻ󿿺ˣԼ겻ڱҡ

óȴŲ٫һת
ϧٹݵǮǲ٣˵Ҳô׾ݰɣ
ϧʮ˲ףһ㣬٫ϿɵġҪ˵᲻һѣеˡһҪǻ쵽زǱļ˼һö

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ſΰܵܶˣϧٹĻܰıƣ
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176 
֮ѡźǼΪѧĵһѧûڻɽũӵ֮ѡѧһ̫̲Ǵƿǵġ
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177 ̴
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ģûñ飬ȴֿ˻Сڰ˼ö˵ط

Ȳ˼ͷƽʱû¶Ϲĥġ
дΪβЩóҵϸ˵Щ˴£
˵ղ㻹أ˵ˣ
ʱ¶ĵЦݡСӻ֪Ūһ츣µĴ󹦵£ɱϰҲҪõö࣡
ƴע
ôһ򵥷עʡȥ˶ٵʱ;
ûŴѧʶֵḶ́Ȼ֪Ƕôļѣзעȷʵ̫ˡ
һͯʶֿʼҪǼٸֵĶȻͨЩֵĶѡԡϵȫȫӲʮֵ
з˵˾ǽʶֵʶ֣Ҫһֻ֡ԣʶֵİû취Ӧá
ڼλʦƴעҪɲǽʶֵˡʶ֡òʶֵ⡱˼ѧʮ߸ţֻҪƹȥ˶ѧûᡣ
һ£ռΰ˻ƴ֡ԣ˶᲻ʵֻҪһ룬ɵѧƴôʱֻҪںϱƴʶֵİնҪʶдʲôֻ谴ƴȥ˼
Ǿһ˵ˣ


178 ־
Ϊʲô˵ǻ˲õأ
ȷ͢ݸĹϭģҪ˳񡣰֮ʶֵ̫ˣȥҲ֪д˰Ǽ˰Ǽʩ
֮У˹ٸĹΪϵľޣӰʵʩЧ
ҪǱעƴأǾͻи˿ö
ѧ鼮֮ϡ
λѾʼƴӦˡ
ڡϡԡǧġТ֮ƴעֻͯҪƴʹûҵҲѧʶֱ֣
ٺ١ʦôһ˵̲סˡ
ϵġѧαѾˡ
ˣ
ܽӹֵһξƴһȻ
Ŀģƴע˵ֻҪѧ˵һƴעĿĲҪ̣ͯԼͿڼĶ
˵ͰѿαˣҲ
Ҳ֪ոմȣҪ˵֮ǣ룬ǱѧͻȻ
һƪд
ǡ
ðɣųţƤҲͺˡ
û˵ϸſ꣬Űѿαݸ͡
ƴע֮ģɿΪѧ֮ʦӣ
˲ɻʲôĵʦ³֮ߵۣƴעͬնǶյһͬơ
ͷһҳȻдţ
־

١ǧйͳɽ̲ġ
ټաлϵĴкͶֵ֪
ǧġ䲻ظǧ຺֣Ҳѧʶá
־ü侫ǳԵ֣¼˰йͳĻѧʷѧĵТȵȡ
˼ְˡʡ塢ϡТеͬʱ˽ⳣʶѧϰ˴ͳѧʷ£ֶ˵µ
˵־ǹŴɽҪȫĽ̲ģλڡǧġټա֮ϡ
ΪѧƴˣôܷŹƪѧأ
ֻҲȫճйʷʵĶ䣬ֻѡ֮ǰľӣʲô
ˣʮ˴ϱ졣
𣬽ԳƵۡԪ𣬾
ҪԴľӣǿ϶Ҫġ

֮ԱơϰԶ

˲ѧ֪塭

ԻʿũԻ̡񣬹֮

ˣҵТƽçۡ
һ꣬ȴ˾κˣ
һ䣬ľһΣ
ȫĲǧ֣ȴǰ棬ֱǾ
еﳣʶ֡š⡢١ʱķС峣ȡ顢塢ʮ壬棬һӦȫг顢סʫӣҵĵ伮ӵ
ʷ䷽棬ҹľҲһһ¼
˵һͯܰѴѧͨͻ˶֪
˵һûƾƴעƪ־ȱΪѧʦӣ
ͷ뵽
һ֣
תߡ
ȿʦжȥıӰ˵Ͳ䣿˵߾ߣѿαҰ
ʹһαΪϿע
ȵȻ֪ǱѧڶͰİͷ

;ôˣ⼸λʦȴûߡ
ոȽһʱȻѾƴ÷ǣǻϸôڸǵġңīѧķʽӱʦҲһ˽⡣
ǣ֮ÿ磬ڹԺʦǽѧ򻻵ѧʦΡ
Щһ㲻һĶ
īĺôƴӦãҪľǣȶԿʱķ䡣
䨵˸ڿΣ䨡︴õģһ죻ܡΪˣûôõҲһʱ
ǣȸͯڿȴȻÿΰʱɳ©ʱӲ¿ΣͯЪϢ̣ټҵ
ңϽڿ½ڿδӲظϽڽˡѧ½ھͽѧʴС
ʼʦǻʩЩǷףǿʱ
ǣԼ˼֮󣬴ҵ뷨Ͷˡ
Ƿֶ֣ʱ䡢ĿҵͯѧòۣʦҲۡ
ңСͯǺѧҲڿοܶ࣬ټīֱֵӣһڿڵĶ͸һҡͷԵؽϰˡ
ʦǲڹԺҲһҵʽֶʱڿεķʽмûЧ
ȵȻ˵ðһʦһͽ죬ͷǵĴʽˣ
ǣȺͼλʦһԺˡγ̱


179 
Ժſγ̱ʵҲûʲôѵġõǣĿΣĿεķʽÿλʦҵ
ʦƣۣҲܰʦͬרпҵأʱ
ҪǣλʦˣһҵһʱǷνеķʽǵҲкô
ҲҪīѧҪȼ֮£ûдɡ
һд鲻һɵ飻ҳ̫󣬲
Ҫ֪⼸λǹĴˣһ죬ǹԺγ׬ˣ
֮ǶʳֹĶÿճΪ÷⼸λʦģ꣡

ʵҲû뵽ССһƴעʱôҪҲû뵽һЩѧϰʱķôá
û뵽ΪܺľܼѵѧʵûеôѰ졣
ԺǶȥӺƽΣһʱ㶼״ôλ嶼ȥӺƽ̹ˣ
ǣҲ˼ڿΡ
һǲŷ֣ԭǹǼΪ߾עȻ£ظѧ
ΪѧΧ̫࣬˭һЩɽɽں
ٺϧ£Ҳ֮ȽΡ
ȲЩгɾ͸С
ҲȣΪҲòشΣû죬ɤӾܲסˣ˵
ǣû뵽ǣ־ľнҵһЩˣʹùѧһʼϲٶѸ׳

ȵɤӽνˣڸ޷ϿΣʮ߸ӣ֮ϰٺڿεİʧ֮࣬ҲԵȡ
˿޷Ǹʱͨն֪ʶĿһ۵飬ڴεͨ˵ȴһҪһ¡
ʼԺһҵȣ︴̩ɽԺͶģպ֣ɭ
ȵĿģΪ⣬ѧڿΡ
˵꿪ǴȣֶʮжǴ֮䣬Ӧõѧɢ
һģȲ֪֣Ҿʵϼңһĸ˼ҡ̩ɽԺ֮ʱڲϲ£Ĵڡ
ָ︴ԺȫΪʶʲô֮£ûȤˮƽǰţ뿼Ҳϡ
Щ죬ҲѧϰٺŴŴۣ۰ͰͿӺһҵĳ棬Ѻرˡ
ԭʹȨҲǮֻҪ˼򵥵һ㸶ܵõ˵ĳɾ͡ǣˣӺһվ̨߽ѧȥٸˣ
ԴˣȵȻġ
ѧα֮У˿ƪƴ־Ķҵľѡһ̸Ͳ⡣ң˵Ƚ̵ûء

ǵһȴһ
վϿὲ̨ĵڶ죬һˡλϲΪ̡ܽѧ̡ܽ
֮ѧ֮٣㾫ͨģǰľǲֵһᡣ
Ϊһʲô΢ֶֻҪѧһԪη̣ܰѾ˺
Ȼ϶ﲻȵˮƽǣ̸ͯıǼΪ򵥵ļӼȫʤεġңѧѾĥŴһЩߵѧ֪ʶ˵Լһ

ֺļ룬һӷֵȺܶѹɤûΣҲ˴֮ҲԺ˰ҲƺһȫµĽѧ֮·
ָţż͵֮֮ұ쳵ʵоӢķʽڰ֮д
ν֪ʶ֮ˡ֮Խ࣬Դ˵Խкô
ǣ͸ɴԺӦ֮ˣȥѧҵһĥ¡
ãҪµԺһǴεö֪֪֮˰

ֻ๫Ҳ룬Ҳ͹ԺôɣԺǳ͢ĹѧҲ治ΪûǮǮĲ
Ժ̵ͯյƶڹԺγ˴ͳڹԺһﵽǰδеĸ߶ȡ
ȱǴԼһ˳ѧȴ룬͹˴ζ˵ģ͹ˣһĵ


180 ү
Ǵѧн˳ֻҪѺֺ˽̻ᣬȥڸСͯͰǣѧĴͲûеˡ
żϿΣ˸ʱ䣬԰Ѿŵˡ

ʱۣתҪΪȥꡣ
һ꣬˵ǶֶѡˣڴϺݺݵػһҲһ¸ǽƽ
ƺӸĵ֮£ǽŵĲˡµڣɾʹ´ζԱ߽ҲʹţҲɳû
Ҳ̫ƽ˴εԪ껵ɱĸɱˡɱޡɱӣͲûͱһˡ⵽˱ӦԼĶӸɱˡ
һ̫ˣּԪӡ

Ԫ껹мʱ䣬ɽͷһҴ󴬡
ʱȡŽġͷ֮һſŴ󴬻ȴ֮ռӰӴΰ򸾺ȫ
ﻳлŸ֮еӤû´ͱȲϴȥڻСԴӳͷǵһμӡ
ҲཱུСֱ֡
𣿽ʲô
ݸһЦŴɸء
١ǿɵúú롣
Žĺ͸˼䣬תͷ򸾺ΧԼСѣֻóｭ󣬻ȥٱҲ
һн磬ҲˣϰѺӹʵʵģΰţҴҵԺߣŽŸȫ
ͷһνɶʣͷھ档

Ҫں塣
ں塭ȫ̧һһֱŵɽˣöḶ́
״ɻ
ʵأõǣȫ֣ػص
ǾƣۣͰϺӷ鶼ΰӺͶһҾͺˣҲöЪЪˡ
ĶУȫһ۾ôһ̯ûңǼתɸɻˣ
Ž̲ס͵Ц֪ϸƢһ÷ɿ졣
û취
źˮһߵḷ̡̌˭øϺӷƹһӣ
ڣ¶ȫŲ񡯣µүͷԵ˺ȥˡ֮ǰӪָʹ֪κ˻ھΪء
˵ϴ󡭡
ȫһתھĵ࣬׹ĵɶûУҪǲУҿǻصˡ
£ͷǰǴʣҲܡǲģͷΪôڣҲ϶ûݵ̯ӴֻҪѺõݵϺӷ󴬾ͷˡ
ңȫȾ֪ͣȵʮɽĳ̶ȡ
ͦðɣŽǫһѡ
˵๫Ҳǹˣﻹǵھţصݶãǵĵͷ֪ݡӪͷһģɶ¶е

ͷ˵ͼӭһŹʮˡ
֮˲߶ʮһһסŽľͷϣڣ׼Ʒ˵͵ˣȥЩʲô
үü˵˭㲻֪ǳڵݣñЦ
ȿȣȫʹĿʾڡ
ŷŽ߻иͷʮͷ
λǡ
ŽĽ͵˼Ҹ
ŶȻ˵ȵĴ˽쵽Ǹˡ
æȫʩһ񣬡٫ܾݣ
šȫ²ӦһҪһЩҲëꡣ

٫һΣ˵λŽĵӹػ١
ˣȫһ֣ŽĵæȥɣҸŴɻȥɡ
˵ţҲŽ˵ͷһķˡ
֪ھ檵¶ˣ
٫ͷԶȥıӰɻģŸ
ŽԴĺߣʲô¶ͷڵݷˣǻǵݵؽء

ȫȵˣ٫
ɣոչȥ˭ôëëģ
Ȼͷһۣ˵ܾݣһзӵġ
ŶȫȻͷھкϻ˵˵ġ
ɣҺϻĿɵýһЩȸ֮˿ɲϡ
ȲΪ⣬ƽʱⲻûڻɽ˼ɣھأϳװ
ȫһͷֳһ۲٫ıӰ˻Ǹٵģʲô٣
ɢﳣ̡
ȫʲôʲô̵ĹԱ佫
Ǹʲô٣ӪָӴ𣿡
Цˣûȡ
ǼƷ
Ʒ
үһûԵϡ
˵ҵظգƷԱ


181 
ȫе㲻ţƷԱҶӹģ
ȴ룬Ȼͷ˵һ䣬ϱҪǻʺҲ첻Ʒְ

ȫ亹ˡ
ԭոһƷԱʵ۵СӸԼԼû飬ѵһ
ţֻѾ˹Ժб̵ͤż˴ߣһ˼еֵܽӵˣϷ򿴿
һЦߵΰѺӱȥ๫ơ

๫
ۻʵһɣǲǣ֪ٶСôһ๫Ǵ󽫾أ

ٺΰ򸾺ȫȾȥѧϿˣֱ䣬٫ŽĶˣȲŰ˾۵Լ
˷ʱҲ˻ɽ
˷ɽؽһֱæžҵЭ飬Ҳڹس֮ǰǣɽ
һţŽĺͲ٫ڣ˹ΪȻЦڻɽ徻ȴҪϸܶթ
٫ϲ裬߶ͣ˵ڳУйΪֳԵÿ
ŽҲ͵ȥ㲻ǣһݣ
ȫһߣŽ״󺺣ﷸֹ˭͹ټҵСӶ̸ӦҲͨ
ȫ˰ԼĶܺ͹үֵܣðˡ
ֻȫû뵽λүŵλ״󺺸ʲô

˷һоƺȣ¶ϲɫ⻹࣬ҲϸҴ
ʲô£
ٺ١
˷صشյȥΪִݻһ輧𷢱ۣ̬次
Ž￩һвãҪ˵
룬˷˵ĻᣬǶԲ٫ɫõÿѾ͵ȥˡ
˵ţתŽģ棬ɱǽĵö࣬ҪҪȹۣ
ۡ
ȫһڲֱӾ˳ֲˣҲ˵ϱŮӹԭھпý
˷ʱŵͷ˭
λǡ
Žļһȿ޻ѿЦɱ˹ΪĶС͵͵Ʋһ۸ףĶˡ
һﶼЦ˻
żҲʲôŵܣֻ̻ͨǣȫԶӹܽ̿ǺϵģѰ檣ǾԲеġ
ȫŽŵð͵ɵС͵˳ͷ֪
û뵽˹Ϊһݣ仰ͰŽȫˡ
˵Ȼ㹻˼ŽһѣΧ
λϺӷƹȫŲ
˷һ㶣漴Žһܹҡı飬Ҳû˵ڰ
Žдô˵Ļ𣡣
ʱضߵĺӵȥѴй
һֻ࣬ð·ŵһߣ֪ˡ
ʱΰźӽݡ
£Ȼˣ˵£ȱһ¸ҵ⣬Ųɡ
ΣŹĻᣬΰȫнҪѸ̯ܽᣬһӦʹһͬ¡
Ҿ˵˵Ϻӷɡ
ոգȫѾ֪״󺺾Ǿľҵͷ¥ҡͷҲǺȻƴɽֻ꣬Ѿ׳ز
ɤӣϺӷʮУһǵݵعһǺˮݸת˶ĹƷ졣ҪӺӣһֵĽӺѡ˽ʮѾȫʮǧᡣ
ˮ¶ˮʮǧƿʮǧᡣ
һʮ飬ӯᡣ
죬ϺӷӯʮᣬȥũũĽǮһʮᣬϻжʮǮ

٫˷۾ֱð⣬˷˵̵ģ˱˵ȻӣӴƴʮŰѽ׷ŪĹģ˼ȣһϺӷһһ׷¥
ʮӯֻһɣҲǧᡣǳ˲ܼң˭˵һ᣿
ȫӪգŽֽŵ̿ҵһ꣬ټߡµĴˮӰ켫󣬽ԶԤڡ
Ӫҵֻİһʮᣬֻʮ򡣡
ȵͷʮƲ࣬漸еӯԶ¥ľƷҲɺˮ룬һ¥Ĵִûʲô
˷ŽĵĻҲ̫װˡ
İٶˮʮ˵Ԥڡ
ô˵ӵķ¥;Ʒֱӹˣ
Ȼֵ˷ᱨˡ
ȫ޵ǧһһǧᡭ
¥հǧᡭ
Ǻǡ
˼ҵͷû


182 
˷ܸ
û֮ǰ˼ǿڲܼҵĴ֮ҡأԼƴ˼ʮ꣬ΪĽ׾ƺͰ׷¥һͷղϡ
٫е
ŽĹִܻͻɽĽ
ȫϺӷ
ԼܿĽ׷Ͱ׷¥
Ǹҡ
ðɣ˼ãȻǸͯʱ˼ҾͿʼͶˣʲôҲøɣԸɹɡ
һ
ͷһ죬ʮ򡣡
Ӹˣʮ򡣡
ֵ˷ᣬҽһ˲򡣡
˹Ϊö˰
ʱȫͻȻһ䣬Թԣô󰡣
˷ԣ԰ο˵ģǱȽĵģϺӷҲﲻ׷Ĺģ
룬ͷָһ죬Ҳ̫ˣʵû˼
˷ûѪͷôһ
Ǻǡ˷Ц꽿׵ľƷҲУЩ
˹ΪҲֻܵһسˣ

Ȳ˷ʲôƣҲ˵аʮĿǮ
գתͷʲ٫ô
٫һ꣬Ҫ˼˹̺ϵϡ
һû׬ʲôǮ˵㡣
ȵͷ
á˾Ѿ꾩תеطת˵ȫǡԤ꾭ֵʳҲǧʯ
٫һת岩ȴֻǿɵ·ġ
Ҳа˷ἱ
Ҳ׬˰
Ӧˣȿû˷ôֹۣüͷ
٫һ̯֣Ѿǵĵ׶͸ˣѾˡ
ûİ壬ҵȻûӦ¡
Уɣȵ
ȥҹټ˵һɶУ
һ㶣ɲȵ磬ǴǮƵġ
о֣͢һ·ģȲûҪһӦԼ׬µϰʯʳ͸
ԣǲ٫˷ᣬֻŽģ͸ȵӣ׬ǮҲܻǮңضļ˸ǮֱɥĲ
һͻǮȴơ
˶ΪǷ͵Ժȴ֪ΪԺǰǰͶȥ˼ʮ򡣹ǼλʦԴסУöȶǴģҲû
ڶ͢Ǯȴ
˵ϰʯʳǸ¹̺ϵķӣһ֡
ˣ

ȷʵ̫ںǮǣȴһ
̧ۿˣǵı鲻ԣòЦŽ͵
ȱǮ

ȱǮ
ӺҪ˵ȱǮôξûвȱǮˣ
ϰʽ𰡣
岩Ҫ֪ôǮƴŽĶˣǻǮˡ
û˵ҪǮʲôǣ٫˷ȴ
Ҫ¶
ɣȱǮҲܼһܴճʮ򣡡
˼Ҳʮ򣡡
ҡͷݸǻϰɣǮͷ


Ҫʲô
ʲôôǮʮỹͷ
ֻ̫࣬õ¶ȷһţȹ˵
ҵϻǱôˣ
˷ᾫһڲԵôûˡ
ֽ񣬿ʮѾȫᣬŵҲҼ롣Ŀǰ³ѾҶˣټϸ׼ͳһʶ󹦸ˡ
ȵͷҵЭãҪ˽ƵģֻҪ׼ͳһ˱ʶ˽ðͲô׵ˡ
и¶ɵ
ʲô
Ӧ츮кϸļҾƵҲᡣ
ҵЭǿҵЭᣬ˵ǲӦòϽġǣ˷ԼãӦ޺
ңļҾƵҲ˵ˣֻҪͳһ׼ȨЭʶɡ
һ̾׻Ǵ˶డ
ЭᣬǿǺ;ǵľ¥ͬһϵֻҪҳȥƻӣһΡ
ǽѣ˵ǻѰ졣Υأᣡ
գ˷һУʶˡ
ؾҪᣬ𣿡
գһżͻѱ׼

˷˵ˣ٫ҲӵҲи£С
ʲô£һ٫Ź̺ϵ飬ûС¶
ǰЩӣҹңɹ
õĶӣô˵϶³öʵˣ
ƽҲɵ˼
ȳ֮󷽵ȥʹټҰɣӦû⣬ǣүƹټҲͬ⡣
٫ͷҲ뵽ˡ
Ե¸ձϾ̫һүپ˼ңҲ̫̫һ֧Ͻ
Ǳû°ɣתŽġ
ŽļʵҪشȴ룬ûڣ٫ͻȻ¶ǰ廰
˵ﵹиϢ
ʲô


183 ϵڱ
˵ִǲ٫˵㲻ϺãҲ㲻ϻϢ
ɹʹѾ˿⣬˸๫
ȰǻƺӸĵֵģʹĻˡ
ʹҲ֣ʹڣȻǹ֮꣬ʱŻӼ֮ʹɹɵĹԱϤ
ʹ๫˸Ҫǹǻ̵ġ
ǵģȣŽĺ˷ᶼˡͨ꣬һʲô¶
ʹڴоҲһһִ
ʲô
ʲô

ΪԼˡ
˷Ϊ٫˵ˡ
ŽĻǲǴҹĳ̫ˡ
ǽЦ˰ɣ

˵⼸ôӦ
ڣ
ϡĲᵽһСС̣ϡǣ˾Ȼô˵ɹȥ⡣
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˿ܻ˵⣬չĻͨޡ
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ֲúɡġ߲·ֺűóΪζóռ˵ġ
ôΪɹ𿴱ȴλҲʮǿʢǣɹţƥƤЩǵ͸ֵũƷ
ȻƥμȱֵܸߣֻǣҲҶǿսʣʱҵô죿
Ǵɹʲôأ
˿񡢲衢ɵȵȣڵʱڸ߸ֵ̻
νġεóУռˣҪǿűóžôΡò˼꣬͵ôͿˡ
ǣǴɣģֻܱ߹ңΪҵ벻Σԣֻûеʽٷס
ȷֹ˱ξӶᣬ˹гԣһҲûڴɵϣ⡣
񣬲٫˵ʹûɹӣܲ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ͺñȣڻʳ濪ӻһֱ췽ҹ̷
ôʹΪʲôôһ֡Ҫأ
ʵǣߵ̫ˡ
ڵɹѾȥҰԣʹһŷ壬ءɹ£ѧΣǳĻ
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ڸǸѧӵʲôо϶͵ʲôҪͷﲻ
ʹεʹûߣ̾Ϳˡ
ǴһӣʹȻҲȥ˹䡣һ֮£ֱ̾Ϊֹ˵ҪҴҲһ£ҪʲôʲôӾͺˡ
ȥ֮ʣʲô
ʹپ˵й仪ѻϸɹʵ
һֻṆ̀˵棬Ҳû̫ϡ
ƺӣʹٴáȥʱ򣬸ڴһǻġǧء
ʮϲ⻪Ҳ
˵ôõ̴УҲаǣϵ̣ҪоҲһҪʲôʲôӣңܱȴεĲ
ѻ˴ɵ̻ȵĻִǿɲǮŪģйûƷô
ɹ˹ĵ˰꣬һͷûУŪֱһҧԼǸʲôֱӰ͵ˣ

͢Ӧòͬ⡭٫˵ԭίͿʼ
ͬҲȥ˷ԴҡƲ˹һ㡣ʱڣһã͵ôɵӲȥ
٫ͷͬ˷뷨
룬ڻع͵һӣȥﲻȥɵӲŲȥأ
ɿ϶ɵϲģǻأ
٫һ㶣ô֪ɹ򣿡
˷ҲǰԨԼɹ֣ɲһˡ
һ˦ֱ֣̣߾͵ˣһĻʹ
̽Ҵʵأ
㲻֪ƶɵĥô׶λڿսԼ
ܡһͷˮôҲ벻ףΪʲôô϶ɴ
٫ֵѻȥǵҲ첻ɵءǽٺͬ⣬ûлԴ
̫ˣ
ѾǲҪҪˡǰһֱ룬ô͸ɵľ֮С벻˯ͷҲ̫ʱˣ
úһɽͼͼǲ٫Ҫģǲеͼġ
ָŵͼݵλãӵݳɹݵ½Ｔо󶨡
˶ɵˣָһ
Ҫж鷳Ҳɾɺӣת諺ӡӣֱ󶨳ڡ


ڣûȥ˵ʲôǺȻضͼϼ֣
֮ǰԼû¶ʱдȥġ
ɣ·ͼ
ͼУɰ߱·ʮۡ
ָݡأ



184 ֮ʹ
ɣ
⣬ʲô٫˵Ựˡ
ԴװĶʲôѵλڣȻĥɡȥˡ
ðɣʵûɣͼֻû¶ʱϹĥͼġ

Ϊʲôζûʮݣ
ΪʲôҲϻ֮أ
һԭǣط̫Ҫˣ֮ʺҪ塣˵˭ƣ˭ס˶ԷĲӡ
˵׹ͻƺ֮һ¡ǽĻƾ֮һɽɽֱӽ˶Էϼҡ
֮ǰʱ˯žҲеһһ⡭
ƣ
дΰʹҲеΣ
Ҫƣξٲɹֻʱ⡣
ξһĶԸģͲزôÿġǮ
ţͻȻһ˿
ﾾ֮زŰֱӰɹˣȻǴεˣ
ң˭˵ɾһҪưֱƹȥڻģݵ½ռΪݵأӺϽߣȻ½䡣
ߴӳתںӣһ·һ·ռԴˮʵ˭ܶĲߣֻҪϣռǾأɾƹǵı׶˾;©ɣ군
Ȼˣäе㡮뵱Ȼˡ
뷨ȴкܶû뵽Ҳ˵ġ

ģŷ֣ĵͼϵġɡɾִЦ氡˵
뷨ھеɣóȴǺܺõģһӾܽ⡣
ǣ٫˷˸Ͳȵ˵ǣſͼϿ˰졣
𣿡٫صؿ˷ᡣ
˷ỺͷֻҪһԽΧκԣûܡ
˵ţ˷ָŲӵݵɵݣһռ̫ˣɹˮв
˶ǽųŵһͶ
٫ͷռݣо󶨡Ͼ۽򣬽ұ֮¡㲻Ҳǡ
ӳɺӣ·ݡͨݡ꣬Կȡ֮ɳʧ⼸򣬲ȥ˴룬ұһΪڣ
ιιι
Ȳˡ
Ҿͻģܲô𣿡

˷һЩҪá
٫ǳףߣطϸ˵Ҫϸɣպʱ£
˵ţܾݰͬͼһ
ˣ
Ŷ˼ҴҳȥıӰе±ơ
ôأܲе¶
ȴû뵽
ɣ
ոƣ
Դεջʵ̫ˣ

٫˷ڷһҹͷؾڿŵĵһʱǣֱʳǡ
糯ûص٫˷Ѿһʱˡ
ȵ˼ǸͼԽǰһţҲɵˡ
ҲɣȵԴôģ·ɣ½սĵҲó
ԽͼŲ٫˷ὲһʱ
һδ
ܡ˶˵ȫϣŴλʵһı˵ľ

󡭡
ְͼСۺãԴӱҳһУذͼ˽ȥ
Ȼ󣬵ݵ
ɡ
٫ĪһʹĶ˵һУͼԶҲɲʵ

񣬡ˡ
ϣ˳˷ᣬȴ֣λϸ磬ȫֱ
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ˣ
ر۾֪˵ˡǣʲô취أ
ĸԺ㣬һһֻ͵̫ƽʵۣʴȣûġ
Ҳƣͼȴ̫ʱˡ
˵ףûǮñ
͢˰ȼþӱҲ㣬κ֮¶ȷ¡
岩ƴգǽǽǿӻܹȥĻǮڱ϶ķѣ
ңսӮڰ˵ңΪһʱ֮ĽѴˮ

ȻȥıӰǽסǡ
䵱֪εѴ޲룬ǰվôľġ
٫ƫͷױѴ
׾ͺã׾ͺãȫ
ȥɡ
ˣ


һӣס˶ˡ
ͼӽ֮óҧгݵ˵˾䡣
ʲôʱҪȶãͿλʱѹ̺ǿˣ
٫˶һۣѪҺҲȻڣ
಻
ãȻ
޵ǣ

٫˷û֪ڸһʱ˵ʲô
ʹûо̵󣬲۸ֻӺƣûзԡ
ǰһ糯岩࣬Ҫ볯͢в˾󴬣ϡӶʽɹǮ
׼ࡣ
ǣ벻׵ǣĺȻǰˮ󴬵Ĺ졣


185 
ҪѻȥǺ¶Ҫ֪ɶǴ󶨸ɲ񿪷㣬Ҫʲôʲô
ڿ⿪ȰȫεĺöҲĵزһ򡣵ڴȴͬƷԶȿѷֻҪִһţǺɨһеĴڣ׬ÿ϶ȿ⻪Ҫöࡣ
ǣڱ˿󶨿ɲʲô¡
˵ʹˣ˭Űһأ
أңżңеģҪһʮϾ⣺ȥɹ꣬׬С£ܵȥһ֮˰ɣô˭ɹʹŷأ
ٷϣȴǶϾġУɵһֱǸ֮أ˭Ҳȥôùط
ȵǲ£ȥºԼûһͬġҺżȾĹǣ˭ȥˡյء
٫˷͸˵ˣһ仰Ͱȵͷˡ
Ҫ˵ȥɹƷܰټҵôȣ
ðɣЩˡ
Ҳǣڷͺеĵλɲһ̯ô򵥡
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չ˺ҵļˣ
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Ҳе㲻˼ĺһȥӦɻʵ֮ǳͨ裬ң֮ĺҪʲô֡
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ְͯнˣ
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͢һȾȸԼһԼѻִԼֳԻɵķɹ̺ϣռһɡ
ڣӿ˴ɣҪ漰ܶϵ飬һƿؾЩˡʵԭҲûʲôֱֻֻ֣Ϊó͢İˡ
ò٫ʵĿ
Ҳ˼֪ôһƴֿˡǣһӣһɵġһᡭ
һ仰ռ
ɣ
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ܼҡ˼ңټ½ңʮһֹɣҲǰٷ֮һ
ȵķǵʮ

Ԫڵĵڶ죬ʹĺɡ
ֻƹΪǾһһɣںȴΪǴʱӶĵһĺ֣Ҳʷᡣ
ĺû죬ȫҲ̻صˣΰ򸾲ûȥ
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ȫȱֱͣӽǣΪǸӡǡ
ǹԺһӭȣϸһŷ֣Ȼһ꣬мľ߲ŻȥԣʮӦȫеڣ뾩ǸнԪԺ׬˲
ûǴǽ״Ԫ
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䭡
ðɣȪ뺷Ҫƾģ
Ȼ󣬻зʺи︴һȻ֪ܷΣˮƽһģܲܿϣͿ컯ˡ

ȵ˷ھլӣѾˡ¥ĻƸո˿ɿڷˣʮŸһ⣬ʳûͱ͸ϻ˯ȥˡ
ȱҷ䣬ҲԹԻط˯ȥˣôţҲֻûطʹ˯
ʱ֣լͿʼ֣׼䡣Ҳ
Ųͷʡ
϶ѵûһų˵Ǽٵġ
УƲ죬յһᣬеϢвҿ㿼϶ѡ
Ϊɶ
Ϊɶȹѱúܿš
㾭ʦ̩ɽʫ߹洫ʱĲӺͶʦְֽģСʦ̸ۡŴγңûбøߵ˰ɣ
϶һ룬ҲԣҪǿϣɾͶˣ
ȺһۣϿɱ˵ͽܰˣ

Ҳ໰


186 
Ҫ˵뿼ϣͦѵġλнʿֵ˼λʦ洫Ⱦã϶ˮƽȷ뾩
ʵϣ϶ȷʵȷ뾩٣£Ű֮յ뾩̽Ԫ֮ٵǻԪڣλлԵģֻ֮һߡ
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ǵˣȻ̫ѧǰѧ
訿ˡںǸ뾩˻Ԫ˼ȷʵвšȥδ֮ʱܶѾԣλ뾩ǽ״Ԫˡ
ϻǣʾȻлԵģңԺʮ˻ԵУ̫ѧĶʮˡ
̫ѧȹе˶࣬ʲôأ
ܲϻ
Ҫ֪̫ѧƹһʮӦԣʮ˵УȡһıԺʮӦԣȴʮ˵С
⻹˵ãпƾҲûļҵôߵı԰
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⣬岩ŰźõγʵǰİģȻǴιټҡ
һλʵǲᶯģһøһӣľĶǳѧʵĹԱһ㲻̫ĳ롣
ϰԵİһ֮üĵĿԱǰλˮƽߣĸʤһΪŵ֮⣿
һףԽȻԭǷ֮Ӵʣ岩ӡ
Դˣû˵ʲô׼֮մ˷񡣵Σʱȷʵǰˮƽ˵ġ
ֻˡ
νͣǰѵͷʮйһֿԡҲǺͻʵĸ죬ǲб¡
˵ҪҲҪһ㴫;߸ʵ۶ĳλӡ󼫺ãҲᶯ
˵Ҫȷһ컯
ʵ¿ƽʿǿʵһӡľѻᣬ㲻ܺʵ۶ӡպ̧һ֣ǿɱҪĶö࣡
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ʮλ꣬͸⣬ֱӰѷʵθˡ


187 У
ʹͼʮˡ
ʮˣ˵Ǵζ˾֮еľ𢣬ִƴȨߣпܾͳʮ֮УȻҪԴ
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ƽμۣùεļ۸λͣ

ԽĵһӦǣ϶ӺƵ·ӡ
ڣֻҪһʲô۸ʲôҵһӦȡܰ³ҵҲֻӡ
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ڵӹٸ˧ηǧ˿ƵϵҪȻ˽εôܶμ
ԣҪ˽ǲģôӸ϶ǵ롣
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һƣ
Щνľ֮Ǿ벻ģֻӡ
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Ǿǣ͢û˰

ʵϣ˵û˰һӶ岩úƴ


188 ţ
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һţ϶Ʋߣ
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ʮλһһûһзļʶãĥ£ʮִ꣬׶֮ġ뵽һӣѷʴӵģֻ˵һ
֪診̫ѧλҪ֪Ժ״ԪͰۣ᲻Ѫ

Ԫ£յ㼺񣬴񲿽ʿپʮһˣʡ뾩Ԫλס
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Ⱥǰˣ͡ܡ䨡︴ȼλʦ¶ݴ顣
лʦǣͷߺȣ漴Ҿ¡
лʦһڹӽ
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һ̣
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Ϊ̫ѧһ֣ûҲռǡʮ˽ԣеڣȹһ
Ϻ
ǣҲû취ҪһسӣõСڣֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿŹͷؾɽ

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͢ѡʹչԽƺ鲻֮ڿȡλ๫Ŀµһ֮£˵˼伪ף֮ԡ
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סĵһϣͰȽеڡɽΪ֮ܺĿġ
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192 Ĵ
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ɻԹ֮չ裬һӾʹյߣ￪ʼҪش·Ҫˣ

һɽһѪһ罭ɽһң
Ǽңҿѣȴ𣡺ǿ

ǿ
ǿ
ǿ

Σ
Σ

Ҳ֪˭ͷ̨µİա̣ӸȸߺǿʼɽΡ֣һ˸߹һˣ
رҲʲôǲˣ߾бУŰһߺΡ
ǰһƬڣ
¥ϣȦ죬źˣγˣ
岩ҲԼ࣬վ̨ϸ߾ȭͷͰһɽΡǽһ񫣡
ʱ٫˷ᡢŽģǶϧ١һֽݵȡ
Ѿͷʱİؿ̨ϡ
ֱڣŷ֣
ԭˡ
ĿԷ⣬
ǹâɣ

̨µָ̼ǣոջе㲻鲻ԸΪ岩ˣȴ˼Ѫһɫ죬˸ߺΡ
ǴûһؾãԼǡûһ㣬Ϊǡޱȣ
һɤӶ˵ģȻ߽У
ӲˣҾһᣡ

Ҳһ򣡡
Ҿ򣡣
˴ͷ溰һƬ
Ȱһû֣ԭԼиɴǱʰ
̨̨һץסŽĵĸ첲ˮˮ
ŽĿЦŰˮϡ
͹˼ڣȲ㻺˹
ˮƵŽĻϥֱǼ˰Զ⻹иֻ࣬˵Ҳûȣȫһɤӣûˡ
٫˶Χ˹ڣ涼˹ˣҲûףӺƵôġ岩ûðôôһȥ仰ͰѪԶɿˣ
Ҳؿ뿴ʲô
룬һ仰ֱӷŵһƬ

ͷںŵǼһ˶ĵǮ
ģԭǮ͵ģ
Ҳ̫ˡ

ôһͨȷ𣬱岩ƪĿ
ǣ๫һ㶼ȣȦÿȱǮʱ򣬾뼸䡣Ϊʵ̫ˣ
ֻһʱ䣬๫һʮһᣡ
ûһġٶᣡ
еʮ꣬;ʮ
̺𡢻оһʮ
ʣµʮ򣬾ȻǿһᣬҰģôһճģ
¥޽㡢ͷڶϧٵĴ£Ҳ˺󣬷׷׾֬Ǯ
岩һͯǮܵļǰӽȥ˵ʡҩǮĺͯ
Ǯλļһǧ׾¾ۡǧലޱ
Цǣʹ÷ŭİԸ͡ˣҲ˼ٹᣬѰɹѹء

óһ裬һļƿʮʵ岩ȼü֮
ҪΪ๫ˣ̫ˡ
岩ѧйεƤʽôô򵥾ˣ
ڶһ糯ˣ๫ȴûߣҰѸ೯Ҳˡ
岩Ҳվ˲ǰһơ
ټöȼ룬־ʮնսļЩԹģԼŰɡ
һˣ̵ģͬˡ
ǣû취ĿѻʵۺͰһ𶼰ˣ벻Ѫôܰ
ǣдӵСִ࣬岩µٺ»˴գİᡣ
֮๫ûżǮܵ˻ɽڻ벻ףΪɶ˵һƨûУӺȥֻ˼ɤӣµ˾Ͷʧȥˣ
Դˣʦ壬Ҳֻܽʦֶˡ
ܼ򵥣ʥ˶ӷڽкҲûã确һѣ˷֧Ԯʵʡ
Ϊʲôô˵أһǣˮƽǣ˼뾳粻ͬûй
岩ˣ˵Ǵﶼ˵öģҲôķӦɣ
岩࣬Ŀɲֻһļ衣ǣΪʲô˵ǡһˡµİվԼˣеľʾ
ðɣ
룬ǲбҪʦֶһǿҪˡ


195 Ч
ëүү˵ȺڵģȺڵǻ޾ģȺڣȺڣȺڵ
ðɣŵ
ֻǡɡһ͵˺¡ĸ
Ȼ̫࣬ǽȴǺõġļ˴ƿҲεʿһȫµĿ⡪
ġ⵽̺˶ˡҾҡǲǻб;
֮ĻǰǺټģڣϵҹܺõΪҷǳõҲʵۺ͸غ˵һǻѪоǿ˴ε
Դˣ˵̫Ҳûãֻܿ๫Լȥˡ

Уʹ
˵Σס¶˼ȥ˼ߣʵ̫ҪʹŻȥҮ㱨
εפʹͨĽ飬ֱɵ»
ôĻǵһܺüˣ±߾ƽţ״Ĵ
ǣĩҮԭԺʹӢΪͨ٣ҮΪǵʹһͬפʹ
ʹĩ￪⣬ԭɹݸΪʹݣһܸ˵ظӢҮι١Ҳ˵λŴɵٺ»ڿģģͬʱŴεٺ»
Ҳ˸Ľ飬Ϊͨ٣֮Ϊפ١
Դʽʼ˳פʹڡͨʱ
һ³һӣɰŻˡ
ô浽һȥˣһƨ
ʵԪ껵үҲͦ۵ģʲôСĺ
ĺΡɶг𣬶̣һʤ
Ͼǣù򲻹ܴ͡ΣǴɣǰݹ˵ϸˣԸĳƤ̣ܲͲ̡
ǣıŹŲ´ЬģȵȥβƤٵθ⡣
ԪҲɵΡ໥̬ƣɾͺʹͣξͺʹһǿ׳ԲͬʱͷҪȻַӱ
ڣɳʹδһˣǻĵĺ
Ȼ
Үȥ˴Ĳ״֮䣬ñҲ޹˼ɡ
ֻ£ͰľҪǼɵ̫ܡҮԪ˾ȨգҮ涼ٱݣֱӰˣ

£ɾı߾ȫ߸ݣľдҰϪ棬ǧڣţ޼ơ
£ٴǲʹΡεʲô֮ͨ飬ǰһսӵţսֳһ͸ȫ֮ͨ
ʹݡפʹ£岩͸ʼҲȫǻ֮ƣֻôλǣ˭Ҳû뵽ֻǻͨפʹͨǣͶϵӰô
ңôӣʵʵʷôأβ汣ĺƽ̫Ҫˡ
굽ڣ岩ǱҪɵöࡣ
ļİ򣬴󻺽˳͢ѹפʹ֮ѡԵͨһЩ顣֣ܶʱڽţټϲ֮µС
ЩҪ鱨ƶɱ߾ѹҲ˼˲١
ȡ
ò˵İꡣ
ڣŽĹִܻ٫ܹ˷ܷ¥;ҵΰŻɽĽ˵ϣȫġ
ÿʦǵĽѧѧĺϿΡûʱͺǣżԽٴһܣСӹñжˡ
ʱԺԱߵСУΧһսȦһһӰȭȽ

ģܲˣ
һСϰ£Ū·ҵӻ
οŰƻһ߻ȭͷУһͱ񡢼
ע˰ͶƷּܼУ
ʮУһο۾Ͳ볡Сɣô¾ˣ
ʮУȻǺܹ˼ĵġ

ʮСԴȡ
ֶӼͣɷӺƣ

ƽɧĶ۳УһתֱͳһӣʮϾˣ
˴һۣãǲɵˣȻôɣ
Ǳߣǿ֧Ӧ˵ɰ⼸ӻʺһ顣
̵ģǿϷذ֣
Խô˵ԽҪŹʮиǿ

һǸƴӣ֪Խһʱû취ؿƽӣʮҪඣ
룬ƽһ㶼ţ͵һߺ
ˣ


196 פѧ
ƽͻȻһɤӣ˲һ㶡ûǷӦô£ͼǱߣһ飬⧲رԽһȭۿ
۶û˵ϺȾܣˣˡ
ƽЦһοǮǷʮ
οҿʲôŷӦô¡
ʹթ
ƽһ߰һ¶صʹթûǰ
ۿԼתۼ˱˵ģһ⺩Ƿᣡֵǣϣ
ǣƽ˲䱻û
ͷͦһᣬ̧ͷʱͼӺƶŸ࣬ɫɭؿ
һһ룡
ƽɲȶģֱӿۡ
Ļᱻ⼸ˣһȥϾͿʼ
̵ģ⺩գ

Ҫ˵࣬ȹͦΨһС覴áǡ
ǻɽһ
νһｵһ첻£زµӺƣΨһֵСѾͷһ취ûУڹԺѾʲôˡ
Ҳ֪ôģһ춼ܰ˵ǻģҪֱȫûпܣ๫ʱСʦӰ
¶и⣬⡣ĿǰΪֹΨֻ԰Ӱ
ԼҲ˵ʲôҪǵý͵Ļܾʱ񶭾̫˰ɣ
û
˵裬Ҫô維ϧǰգҪô׿ǰ㾲Ȼûĸ񶭾һӲڣѵúܡʵϲͲϲдϡ
˵ǧļʶ˺˴εĴͳôӦþԼĸ봫ͳ
ʱЩȻʧΪսųѧѧ־壬ѧʡҲط֣Ӻʵǲ
ʱΨһָȱӴŽǣΨһҳû¶šΨһϸӺӵҲûˡ
Ĳȷ
ʵǣСѾͷٴλصǧ֮ٴЩŮͬѧĴ
ԡ
ö֮ѾϰߣǺСѾͷһèϷ

ƽһٱ۵һֱɵ˵ϡ
ƽ۴УˣǸոӮӱѹ£ð
οЦöۣҲݵһɣʮİСӣ˵һƬ
Խһۿţ̲סҪǿĽ̳ĺѧһȺֵֻͯƻô
ȰѸ첲ͷ£ƫͷԽҷְɣ㻹竵ʱȽϿɰԽԽ˴ˡ
ǣοƲһԽ޺ɵˣЦˡ

Խһ֪˵ʲôȴߵĿճʮǮġ
ۡ
˶Цˣ̼ǮġԴӿǳݱ˵֮Ѿ˿յĿͷ
Խһۡ
һ䣬

ֵǣϣһ£С˲䵯ֱԽ
ԽٸߣҲܲסһȺǵֱӱ˵ϡ
ο˼ѵãԽ⣬ЦЦ
ƽ
ðɣԽѥקûӰˡ
һ󣬴ᵹڲݵϣŴ
Խ泯죬͸һƬ߲ͻȻ̾
֪϶ôˡ
˲һĬ
ԽһԽȣͲܾкܴĹϵǣµȣƽʱԸἰ
ʱҲȥЦݡ
Ըúðɡ
ˣˡԴֿʼԲ϶ǱԣȥҲԲſ۸˾Ͳˡ
ǣ첻ȥԼͻˡο͵ҪǻΪӹֵܣ
˵¶ƽȻ˵ʹǰټˡ
ʲô
ڲפʹפɹϻʵפѧ
פѧ
ɵ̫ѧо󶨿ָ󣬻ͨޣѧʡ
ۡԴֱӾˡɶɽģҲ˼᣿̫ѧȥͣɳЩν״Ԫѧʿ͵ڣ
οҡͷҲô˵๫ҵ˵ɳҲҲһЩѧʵĴ塣̫ѧǹѧɳָ¹ϵ̫󣬲˵ټңҲͬġ
ԽȻ졣
Ϊӹ˵ûҵ֪һµıϡ
ʲô


197 ȥ
Խһ仰˵ע˹ȥ
ʿڼѧ´Ϊҹ̻ܽȥ֮أϸŴĵң̫ѧ˹ѧܵɳȥ󣬹ټҺͳȻͬ⡣
ڣκɳ֮ʱټҲʱɵ۵ӣԡ
ԣѾټԣ֪ѧ̫ѧȥɳ󡣡
οһƲ죬˭ɵֺõĻƣɵ˵һ룬ο۾תͷԽ֪ѧôǹԺ𣿡
˭⣿
ԽƤ̧صҢϿ
Ң
ڵûȴǰüͷšһ֡
ҢôӣǸϻ帣ˣϹʲô

ϼһǸ˼¶

ο߷߲ƽصǹʦǸѸߣĸȥɳʣҢ̫
ƲϲģֶŮϾҪĺأ
챣Ź϶Ų
ðɣ⻰Ĭģû˵ڡ

д󺰣ȥȥɿˡ
ֻûڣͺǰһһ۷۵СԴס⡣
ףƷӣôˣ
ǶҲ֪ʲôʱģζڵȦͿ

Ҫȥɣûţ
ʱǰŷ͡䨡ܣ۾޲ðڵ
Цſȣ㲻ڻɽˣȥ˰ɣ
ʦȿȥɳ°ֲȥġ
ҲУŭ֮ͭ£͹ǵ⣬ѧҵô죿㵱ô򵥣һȥһٰ꣡
ȰƲ죬ûǮôõǮǮ˰ɣ
ֻǣ⻰Ҳ룬ĸ˵
£ֻϸغͼλʦͣ˵һʱҲ֪ʹʲô;Ȼͬˡ
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뷨ܼ򵥣ھǿ鱦פʹͨ꣬Ҳȥգһ·ϳʲôӿô죿
ǣһΣһΣػغüΣǲͬ⣡
ͬ⣬ֱӻطʰʰŸӣֱӽҪ顣
أĵҪȥɡȥ˭ã˭Ҳûã
û취ֻټ뿴Ӻַʲô裬Ҫȥɵء

⻹ȵһνʳ֮ڣ·ȥɽּ֪ټҶӺƼΪӣСĵ˸
ȱŸһţָ岩ڡ
μ£
Ƥû̧²صƽɣ
̧ԴһǸĶˣûɫ
ɵúٺٺЦô࣬񶼲˵ˡ
һߣﻹ£
аôûУȹŲӣΪϿҵعڲǱ£ǳСӳ˾ηأ
ĪҪƶ죡ŭغһۡΣҲСӸôͻʵ˵
⻹ڣҪܵɳȥ
һӣ֡䡯ûġǣظһá¶ʱ¶
ɳҪȥһεģ粻
岩һ̾ʲôʽ͹ߵýȰȰȡ
֪Ϊǰ̷˶˼ȥһ˴ɲҪ¿ĵĲþȫ׷ˣ
˵Щһƽӣһͷˮ
ʲôã
̾
ڳΪô꣬δ¶һ˹ذɷҪȥɵأ˱µˣ
˵ⶼĶĶ
⼸רѧҵ¿ƹճɲģΪ͢Ч
岩бۿȣ
Ҳֻ֪Ҫܹ˻ԣ˵ѧʻǹá
㲻òģȻУμΣ뺲Ժĥ꣬ųһεط٣ֱ˾ʮ֮ǰִƴβȨ

ȶˡ
ôİ
һƣöʮꡣ
๫˼ɵԷˮҲҪУȻ꺲֣ط٣ʮ˾ʮ֮ǰݴβࡣ
ô߽ݾôŻϴڰ


198 
ιٶ࣬Ҳȱ˲š
ԣű⣬ѹ̣ٶϣҲûʲô˵ģǰ
Ǹ״Ԫ֮Ҳôӵط֪أ꾩ְٵط꣬ʮ֮ôͿ컯ˡ
ãؾʮ࣬ʮܰࣻã֪޼ޣκƵģڵطŰɣ
Ȱŵ·֪˶ټ
ʮְࣿ
Ȳ֪·̺ˣϱҺˡ

ðɡ
һͨȭˡ
ջ̫е㶯ġ
డ˾
Ҫ˵ڴʲô⣬Ȼõ๫ǣû֮һ
ǡ

Ȼһ̾˺񰮣ڣȻԽˡСɹԽҪȥˡ
岩һۣ˵Сôβأ
ԣʵɷҪɣͼ£
Ϊ˵ţȰĽеȥ
΢΢üǺһֻﲻʲôĶ
ΨһƬһߣһë

ǴëϸֱҪЩҲʵ
ǡ
ëȳ
ëһüͷһ߰İëݵС
ùëһҲǣǺëΪ
๫ֻͨСβëӹ֬⡣
Ϊ֬
Լǵãܾݺƴһë֬Ĺգ䱦
ëıһ֬ʹëúӲζѳһЩϣ԰Щ֬ϴȥʹëһڷ֯
ʱʹɹҲֻëձ̺
ë֮֬ǰëüֵͣ˵һĶ
ǣǲŹͭǮǿһɱ
ҲΪģԴﵽҵĿ
âʯҷӦ׾ܵõϴëõļҺâʯǼΪȻɱܵ͡

һСëϸϸֱ޲Ժָмѣ㻹һЩϸܵСëžů͡
ɾΪëҪȥɣ
ɵزȼȻóëȻǶɳë
ǣ
岩ξҲΪβڱչҲİնЩ룿
ȱǮȺΪαˣ๫źš
ȿЦ
ºλ๫ë֬ĹգһǰѾŪˣһֱóڣҲֻǴ㵽ɳȥһµӡ֮ڣëųȥڴΡ๫붼룡
ΪΣ岩Ҳһɻ
ǿһ츣ĺ£ΪʲôóأɲȵķҪ֪Сһ˦һƤգǱ֮ˡ
ô˵ɣ˵һⲼۡ
Сβÿɲë嵽߽ֻ֬âʯңһƥë۲ëķãһġǸ߼ëҲǿ޲һ롣
ʲôֱӾվôʵĲ޲Ǯͣ
ҡͷ⻹ǴεСβ򣬳ë١ҪǻɴɵձһֻһܳʮʮϺë۸͡
ʱûʣҲûѧŻ޻ĲܵͣĶʮ֮һﲻ޼ۺͲ۶ܸߣ޴ʮÿ޲ÿƥ
岩ҲǷСʦ塯治ǴġǸʯͷӣҲ
ҲʲôˣߵǰëëͿǣëչ٘أÿΪ͢˰١
һ˵ı־֪ʲô˵ǹ⿴ëĵľȴ֪ⱳһޣһųּԦˣǾһеĴڡ
½һ°ɡ

µ־ͽСˣ
˵Ĺ£ԴںӢë֯ҵũҵɵƻӦ
ëó׵ľ޶ʹȦط򣬴ռũĸأʹóһٲݹ֮⣬ռ
ڵĴκʱӢ񣬼ӴĶóףдģĹûһëĹҵųȥܻᱬΪҵġȦ˶ʱ򣬰մ˸ǾͲǸıٻˡ
޷޻֮ǰëĵѹǲġ
ССëһеĴڣ
ˣ
һãҪˣһܳ˴Σ


199 㶨
ȵȻܸʲôӢǣ˵ϵȴǲѡô棬ӦԲǴܾܵġ
岩亹ˣˣɲǡˡ
ԣҪˮëŵɹȥ
ǣҡͷ
ɳʹβͬɳռǵ֮أټһС֣ʣµĵطӰ첻̫󡣡
ΪλҪëɳôɳ£Ҵοɲʲô¡

Ȱ岩һۣ˵ʦֶѧ˿һˣһ㳤ûأ
ȴ˵ù๫𼱣Ұѻ˵ꡣ
ҲҪëɳֻǵë֬ļҶ߬Լ֯ҵҲڴΡ
岩˿⻹࣡
ȼôмô
һβصľ档
ڶһɳγȶëӦ̬ƣôɴӴ̫֮Ϊˡ



Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ֻ๫κɳ˿ռëÿٲë
岩ˣ㲻
๫ɳëÿҸʮĵʮģ󣬻ţ󣿡

ȻţҪܳɵţֵ̫࣬ǮǣͲһˣÿ궼ëһֻһͼİ
һֺİƱɳľʹγװһ𡭡һɳΣëӦҲͶˡɵ۲òʧǳܲܵ𡣡
˻Ȼ
ֱƣƣոǱÿ굥ëó׽һ֣ܾҪپѺ;õ˫ѹ
ǡ岩һת
ǣɳڴҲ٣ûа취ɹǮֲҶëӦأ
ֱۣĿĻܣֲԲݡ
ǣһǰëó׷չʱɳ֬ѧȥֶǵëӦʧ󣿡
ıȽԶҲᵽ˵ϡ
£ƶһɳعϡûǴε˿ڻѧȥˣҲβɹģ
ڶ˵һ룬˹ӡ
Ҫô׾ͰҵļѧȥҲӺˣ
˵ţȺٺټЦһԣôҪ飬ȥɣ
黫Сӣˣô˵ҪȥɾΪë
϶һĴȡ
ɳǰӣ˻ԼмǮʲôΣձͷ˾٣ΣƵġֻԼһˣˡ
̿ͻȻãҪôһѵСҲͦȤģĽԺǼϼһˡ
ôӣ帣һơ
λ俴òСأ
岩Ǿò̫ףҪ˵䣬̧СʦĿ⣬ְѻʻȥˡв⣬СܣҲҵһɣ
ëܸ͢棬ȻҲͲˡ
ʵһû˵֮ڲë֯ųһΪԶ⣬дã

ټͬˣԺο˾ԽأӺ;׿Ҳڡ
ڣǻǲ̫ţӺƵô˵ʦ͹ټҵġ
¶ʮһ
Ҳû˰οָͷһ㣬Ҳʮʱˡ
ɣοؿ㿴ûпܡ
ûܣ
һû˵أô;˰οһ󰧺
һߣҪȣ͸š
˰ɣο˻ȥ
㶼˭ȥԽͻȻ졣
š
һԺ棬ʦѾҺˣǺʦһ֣ͬ͡ϼϣɵضЩ˽⡣ѧĺֺߣϺӡţԺҲЩˡټһǰӪľС
Խͷû˵Ҳ֪ʲô
οܰȳȥ˻ǣƵƣ˴󶨸
ǣȥ˰˵ûҪǸȥ״ԪǴȲɡ
һ쵽ʱһɢʳȥ
ûȥǷ룬ɻ׼ʲô
ţֻϢһϮ档һ̧ͷͼ׿Լ߲Զĵط¶ίַŭķͱˡ

ȹסӣ椿ôͲӳ


200 갡Һ
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أ

ѽʲôأأѻ˵ף
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~ѧᶥˣüëһ
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ۡ
׿ȻЦ漴ְ
Ҫȥ
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󡭡
׿Ȼһ٣ŷ֣һĻЦȻݺݵذһۣһŤ֦˱𴦡
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~ȼİ¶æġҪǲȥһ·
׿һȣ֪ûʲô¡
ȥˣһ·ûչˣ᲻㣡
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ˡ

һɣǰǰٵðʱ䡣ŪãһҲزʵණҪ׼
ҪԺɹĶԼͲһΰҡЩģһжо׿޼ɡ

ʱƻ裬ȶһ˱һµ¶
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ϦӱɽǹԺǻɽֻԶˮůɫϼ֮С
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һȥɽĴѾ߳Σ꿪Ϳˮ塣ʱ½ϵĽҲչҲʱ򣬾Ϳɽˡ
ʱ򡭡ϣеӡ

ʯͷбŲһңһָʡ
ν١ȴӵξͿʼǰѼһ껹УҲڵУǰֻͷļˡ
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ȡԴڴκûʲôгοĻ˵û֮ࡢ͸ҲûٵԶ೤űŤ
ЩνǲܴҲͼƷζأͦðˡ
ðɣ²ǵֻû¶ʱҸƧڣһ
ԼԼ裬ܲɣ
Ҳ֪ҿԼֶá
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Ҳ֪ôˣʱǰһλϷӡġ갡ҺΡ
λϷҲ벻ĸᱻһǧǰһλҪɡϷӡ곪ɣ

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Դӷ͵ı䣬ԼҲһƼ嵽Ϻӷٵ̡̺ϡ
˵ӷͬǹٿʼʷѾı䣬Ŀȫˡ
ĴληʱģǺãǻ
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ѽȻ
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㻹˵Ҽҵĵط£ɽһָûУɽҼҵĵطеأ
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֮״Ԫûʵ۰ѻɽ͸һ֣㻹ţ
һ֮˵ģ״ԪͰѻɽ㣿
һû˵˵Ҫʲô͸ʲô
ҡͷ̾㻹Ǹ֮Զɣ
ΪʲôŴ۾һĲ⡣
Ϊʲô㳤˾Ͷˣ˵ĻеţеĲš
ιҲֻҴòװʲôˣ
ԶȻֻ꣬ĺҪͶˡ
ôһöе㲻ϰߣԳ⡣
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л˵
⣬Ϊʲôϲѹ٣Щһ㶼ѽ
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˵ȥͻ𣿡

УΪʲôѽƾʲôң

ȿ߼׷ϡ
ƾ£
ôò绨ã



201 뾩
ʮʱתۼš
ʹգйΪǴǰС
ֻɳ̣ǴεͰʹţֻ״Ԫһг٣ڷŵ˰ʱҲûȵӰӡ
ʹҮɵ̵ֱģϳʹ๫һʱǰ͵ɳʹݣʹҲǰӣĥ˰ʱųû뵽ôбƵġ

ʵһ֪ϳ˸ʮʹɣҮɵе߷߲ƽ
Ҫ˵̫ѧ˹Ժһ㣬˵ûʲôϾɳҲպաң񴺹һʮʿ״Ԫһˣ˵Ժ
ɵأԺʱļǱϳѧļûáʫʽ߹Ĵʼǵ
ǣɸʮ޾Щ˵ȥ˰ɣұ˲ɣһ޾ͰѰǴˣҪפͨʹӢţҮɵúһ֡
侲֮Ӣһ˵ӺƣҮɵе㲻š
ԭڴ󶨸ֵ÷зġִĻϰ壬ꡣ
ң񴺹ĶÿȺȺ鼤׵ܵҮɵ˵ģҲӺơ
дԵġɣξҲӺơ
ûѾӵݾɴξˡ

ֵһ̶ӣԼʱ֮ǰżһӵһļܵĴнһͷƹ
ҮɵƤֱƷӡպյͬʱôû˵ǸΪѲĽɫأȴû뵽ôᣡ
˽ǰȴҮɵҪǰ䣬ɱɱơ룬ûֱԽǰ
õˣ
ֻͷʹɿסЦ⡣
Ҵɣȥٻأҹ
ȥٻءǹ强Ļҹ
ÿһʹɵĹԱҪǵ
Ǹ˶֪Ӻ֮󣬴ڶ⽻ûռˡֵ֮ʮҲụֻ̂פʹڡǣӸ˵ǵй
껥ãͷҪȻҲᱻʦŵ㵽ˡ
ĳ֮ҪС¶Ϻɹƽϣ֪
·϶ɡ
ʵϣҮɵôģžţÿùɱ߾׼һʣ

ֺȶ˼䣬ÿΣǼʷ˾ʵΪ˴εͰʹʵͬǵɱ߽硣
ۣ
һҸ׵Ǹ
ðɣ˾ձؾе㲻̫ϰӺƵķ
˾ԴĴ˵⵹ù˭ҵģôôأ
Կ˾ʵǸɰЦϰ߾ͺˡ
ڣе͹еӴģѾϰⲻŵķˡ
ָһλ佫ǷվӪָ񣬴˴δһӪɴлְ֮
Ȼɣȴһ㲻Ҵ⣬վɳˡ
Ҫ֪վɲһĽרŸǰְľеľ
ȿɲںЩһȭоˣ
ȺɲǵһμˡܡһϣŵǼȻʱ߶ΪĹĴӣ᲻ʶأ
ȻһЦ͵ܷģڴˣ˭͵һָͷ̤ʬɣ
˵ţб۵һҮɵ
Ҫ˵ɳĳޣ˭̣ҵүүսɵأڻɳأ
Үɵֱ飬ôϳʵôôͷʹӲڰ
߲ߣҮɵ廰
ЦĲУʹɵĶǾ֮񡣶ˣǾϱ˵塣ؿɺãһƷӣһ֮÷ˣҲֵ˳Աˡ
ȷʵʱˣæߴȵ·
ȱΪҲǰЩˣ룬˷֪󲿶ӡԭǵء
ҲףΪʲôפʹһᣬҮ棬ǺĲԥľͬˡ
¶
̫Ǯˣ
ָ㣬ɳʹž֮ڣټɱʹҲ٣һӪվҲ٣ɳͰʹǧˣǧˡһ飬ǧˡ
Ϊˣɹ߾ɳСӰʹӭɶ󶨣СݰʹרŸӴ
˵⻹ģÿġʹʵۺ̫ġʹšģҪĶࡣ
һУڳʹϵĺķѣֹ
ǣǮĻۣΪƵĹͨƣȷ֮䳤ʮĺƽ

ǧ˵ĴӾôƺƵشǣȥ
кŶİղеƣһǿӺƸǾ桭
ƷҪʹɣ
ղ͵ЦҲãȥȥɣܲܰɶҲڸ췭ظ
ҮɵϣֱֹЩϳû¶Цʲô


202 һƽ
Ҫ˵Ҳ⣬ǧ˵Ĵӣ˲ͽΨ̴һ졣
ԼֱǴá
ȵ뷨ʵڣһ·˵ʲôҲԼ۵ð
Ҫ˵Ҳûɶ˭Ҳû涨ǣֻǣ⳵УôеŤ
˳ǣʹһ·ȥ
Ȱͷ⣬ǰͰʹ˾ⱻߵֱεǲǱúеǰ˾ͬһ
Ҫ֪У˾Ƿǳֵһ׽һĵġ
˾ͷһȵǼܴ󳵣˵Ӧý
ǣΪͰʹҮɵֻ߰úźȵĺ⡣
Ҳ飬˾ʵϵļƣòƾ͵ſѡʱϳҲ¿ʵ
û˾šͷȻϵľ׿Ȳ¶һЦ
ϳ£۰
׿һ죬ϡ
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һͷۣ׿һԥҿûעߣһҪ룬ǰͻȻһɧ·Ҳͣ
ȲŲǰȥﰵɣ˭ǣʹŶ
ǰ棬Үɵǲе±ƣ˾ȴɻ˵ô

ʱǧ˴ǰһһٵС
ۣץĵ
Үɵüͷšһ磬ʹ̣ǿɴСȻ֪ʲôˣǿţӦòһĥţҪҪСһظոյĳӡ
Үɵԥ䣬ѴӺ͵ϣֱˡ
˽ǰѹⲻĵط
룬˺һۣСү£òܣһᡣ
ҲǰеҮɵߣ̲һ䣬ˣûϴӡ

Үɵ
ôͨʹ̣ͷôԼҺԺһ
˾ҲżҲе벻ףټôСʹɳȥҲɸϳ֮ѹѹ󰡣
ڵãׯصĳʹСӼŪ־硣
ʱҲ³˹һҮɵһЦģ
˵꣬ҲҮɵߡ˳ǰֱ˳
Үɵǿŭ𣬡Ϊˣ·
˾Цʹؽ黳Ϊҳ֮
ԭǴĴεһս֮ǣʹԱ֮Уû˵İ

ȰԽ˳Խ´һӺܡ˼Ķ󱻣ĺܣСϲ۽Ϲһ١
ǳʹȥɵؽΣ
˼˵Щ۾
ԽԼԼ˱ƣܣ
ٳ
Խһʼ磬滰һߣʦҲˣСү˭ȥ
ȥ¶ģ
Խָųôȥ¶ҿȥаɣ
Ұͻˣ
ƭأʦ˵ˣˣû겻
һۣģúӸˣ
һƳһӣ
һ飬զˣɣ
Ҹ룬ϣ

һ㶣û·ɶ
Ⱥ޺޵˦³ҲΪ˴ܣ͸ܴȥɣ
ΪɶܣԽһ˵ļơ϶ܣСүΪɶܣ
ãǰһڡ
Ҫ֪ˣøƴ

ʵϣ˹ΪھѾˡ
ϻڶŷֶûˣֻڶӷҵһ飬˵ǸӺƳȥתת
Ҫڳ˺⵹ùӣ
̵ģѲܼҵСҲˣڰҶҲˡ

ԽĲȥˣҲû취ֻ
Һãȥɣͦ˵ģʵƨ¶ûУɵۺʹһ¶ңѧԺȥģǺͰӰҲ
ңڴ󶨻һڣҪȻҲĵԼȥˣӦӦ㹻ˡ

ͽ˺ӱؽ硣
ҮɵҲʼת
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊڿǣϳ˵Ǽ˵Ҳ治ǣһ
óεؽ磬ѾʼǱ˵ˣҮɵȻȻͺˡú˱粵ʲôʵͻһһĶ⡣
ڣֻҪ˾ɫ֪ǵ鲢
Ӵɱ߾ǧ֮һƽ˵ϰޣһ·Ҳ߲
ֻƬأŻᶮʲôСŻףΪʲôκʹɴӿ໥죬ȴûռˡ
ν첻㣬Լ඼ס̸ʲôɣ̸ʲôƣ

ʹߵĻ
ҮɵڵɫŹ˵ĺʱ
Ҫұｫǧ֮أҲˣĻϰ£



203 
Үɵһ䡰⡱һ¾ʹ˴λšͰʹţоʿûһɫÿġ
ȭͷ߬ž죬ͷ
˾һԲһɴ಻ӹ롣
ҮɵͰʹˣǵ⡣
ϳƤīˮٶ࣬кãһʵǰɣҲǰ׷ϡ
˾Ƶ˺ŭƽ֮ʱк
ʹβ⼸۵ò᣿
˾ͷһӺơһ룬ʹҲԸһʱҲò㣬ͣʹ֣ʹӲ
˾ۻˣһôԶһ뵽滹нǧ·Ҫߣһǰڡ
Űֲǿȵĺ󳵣ڣ˾ⲻһ㶣Ӻƻǻܣ⳵пʹŮš
׿˾ЩȣȻ³ֻȺ˾ʵڳ
ȸ˾⵹һƣʹôɫƣʹʲôˣ
˾ӹƱһһǧ֮أ˲˵ұ޶ã
ôһ˵Ҳˡ˴һ·̹;ҲֻǣȲ˾ǰذˡ
Է⽮֮磬̹ɽϪ֮գ²Ա֮ʹα˵ļԶ԰أ
˾һЦӺƵǿÿΪҴʺȴƣ䰧ӣոҮɵֱԣտɴ￪£ûе
˵ʮ˾డ仰λѹסˡ
Ǻǣһˣ˵ֻҲûܵȥ㻹ʲô
ۣ
˾˵Ӻ˵Ǻޱܻ䡣һĥôʮȥˣҲû˴򵽿ȥ
ǣûԺ󲻻ᷢ
Ȱ̾ôڣΪԺṳ̂Ŀ
⻰ܺ˾˵λַ߷߲ƽӣһһع࣬˵ˣҪڶһƱûһ̹ġ
ʹҰСȥǸҮɵ˵꣬Ⱦ³
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⼸죬Ҳ˵˲λƷڿ£֪Сӷ˹ΪҲ
ǣĽеסȣλѾʹģСзִ磡

ϣһ͵һǣսڵһ֮һ㣬Үɵķʹ˳ȥ
˾һôзִ磬ʹŴӡ
ԽͺӼȼ䲻ԣһ˦֣ϡ

Үɵʱ緢ԽƣԽˡ˵ҪǸͰʹǰиĵء
ͻȻֱ糾𣬻ͷһǸӺƴ

Үɵһ˴֮з񱼣ǾӿɲС¡ֻ㡯ֻû˵Ѿֱײ˹
㣡
Үɵŵûɢ֣ʱǰͷһ飬˻˺һš
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飡
صڻϣ𷺷̳
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ã
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㣡
Үɵ˵ϳ˷ʲô֮岻ڣֲմˮӺƻǷ͵ôЩ飿
ôĵӣͨʹ;зݱ浱ұ۸ɣ
Үɵŭˣײȿ۸ñ˵
룬ȸû¶һӣ˹
ʲôģ

һ˳ŪÿЦã˵ȫΣȫ£ҲӺܰˣôȻ԰ɣ
ҮɵҪʰһȣ֮ͨ£ɱСӣϳʵҲ˵ʲô
룬һ仰ֱӰҮɵŪˡ
ֻӺƿǰƥһ𡣲̽ѹ¶ɵ۵ģҮԪǸ̫ܵģ

ʲô˼
ôҪԴ⣬Сôʣ


204 ͣ˲
Үɵһ仰ʵòûϵ
ɳڲӿǸ˶֪ɵѻλӡ̫ҮԪûκζ˭Ҳţôѻʴ֮λԹԹˡ
Ӻֱֻġ
ȼ⺩ѾûһɫƲЦ
ں˵㳶ʲôտɴζأɵ빥Σ
ҡҾʹȷ
˭֪Ǵȷƣ
Үɵͱ˵Ūдңȴֲӣ׵
Σϳץĳﲻɣ
˵Ĺü˵ˣᣬû취
˵𡭡һ̯֣Բʣ˭𣡡
⡭˭ʲôϵ
Ȼһ̾ҮɵҲǸݰܵҮɵӺá
ͻȻһҪǱ̫ܵĵǿ϶ץˣھͿ㣬ɵ۲ϳллǰ˸󻼡
Ҫɵ۵ĳӣ͸ʵ㣡
Үɵ۾ȣСôˣ
ԱǱﲻסЦȷʵӺƵķ
ȿɲҮɵʲô飬յֽһЩֻ˲
¶һ׮׮ɶһʸɵۣһʵǲǵƻ

Үɵ֪亹ˡ
ԼСӿ˶ñӣû뵽ܺӸԼ˶ģ

ȼ˵ȻЦŪ˶һԴʺš
ֻеʹǴ֮ˣСЩͨʹ̵
ۡ
ڱסˣЦ
Үɵ̱˵ĸнţƫƫܷ
Ӻ˵ûǷǳʱڣƽʱˣˣû˹㣬ȥʵۿܻ͸ҹĹ͡ǣȴУΪˣȱ˸ףԼ˴ΣôҲǰ

۳Үɵɫ䣬Ҳѹ̫ˣɾ͵˼ҵĵˡ
ӡ
أ
ȥȡһסǧءҮʹǸʹѹ
գ°ͲغȡȥˡΣۼҴǰһת
ӣٻʿҲǶٸȻ˵ĺⲻǣֻҪǲɵͶóʹƷһһ㶵ġ
Үɵֻء
Ӻ˵Ǹ
ӦþȥӢʵ۴ȥְɣǧ˰ٰʮ˹أ뵽ﻹͦӺƵǴ󷽡
ⲻ֪ȴһƸ棬⺩ԵĻͦ㡣

ʹЦһõ˿Цѹ

Үɵһȿ޻ѿЦݣȾһĵ򣬡ͶԺҾֵܣǾƱ᲻úȣϵﻹУԼã
صӣϳûȣ˾ͷʣ˵ʲôˣһһı顣
ۡ
˵԰˾Ϊ֪һ棬ΪǸ϶һѧء
˾ʣҲ˵ʵصҮɵͦʵڵģʲôͷ
ҮĵҮѵ֮ӣ֮ǰһֱɵҮɵݵ׸硣
Ŷ~~ȻͷԭǸү
˿ɽ
Ϊʲô
仰ͻסģ϶۲ࡣ

˾Ҫ仰סأ
ɷµسƬ̡
Ǿ䡭
У˾һۣû˵ӺƳ˷裬Ǹƨļһ

գ˹Ȼʵ˲٣ʲôڴ֮ĻҲ˵ˡ
ȵҲûй˽ϾΪ˴ͽȥƺӷûı֮ء
ǧ̹;ǣֶĿǽ塣

ˮȻȥһ࣬ȻѿȥˮŰĺۼعٵԣǱɳƽũǱˮŰĶϱڲԫ
ȴʱҲڳˣǺ˾⡢һͬǰУҪ뿴ֵصǸʲô
һ·¶ɫ޾ʵȲ̾
˵ֵ͢ôҾ
Үɵһû˵
ʵ˵
ѾǲˣɾǱߵĲҡ
ƺӹ׹ӣһССĽ£סƺˮ
ԣȥɵҲֵģֻûдذˣʹɾ֮βҲֹʮǧ
ɱԵһǿԾӣ۸βĿɲһǰ㡣


205 ߹ع
ʱʹ͢ȫٵҲ޷ͺӵܱԿ֡걸ľֻƣгʿɱȵġ
˾һûӳɻľ󣬽Ѿõˣûôˡ
ӵ⻹˴ɵĹų͢ȹһأȻ治֪Ҫء
ûǵĻҲûһ˿һҡ
÷
տࡣˣտ࣡
֣˻Ķǰա
ҮɵӲûͻ
⻰Ӻ˵ģ
ʵûǸŻвˣϵӺƣͽ˵ֻӺƣϵһ
˾ʵҲȳ񡭡
սԿ𣿡
Ĳ״Ҳȥı䡣ֻĶΪԺȡ飬ýϺ֮µһЩţܲһЩĽ

һ·кӱ·ʹڶʮ󣬵ɱ߾ݡ
˾Ͱʹţ͵˴Ҳ͵ͷˣΪݣ˵ĵؽˡ
ֻ˾ⲢûϷ̣ɣǲɵҪ·
ȵһ²Ϣȥ
䨵Ĵжʮŵξƹ١
ɱãô˵ĵطǳ͢
ʵϣݾƹٿɲһɢְɾҪǿʦ³ϣ϶ܰôҪλһ¿ƽʿ
ݰȾʹźӡ׿ԽŴСĳˡ
һ·ҵݸáʱѾڣʹòָۣ˼һӣ۲ŴŵѰ
һǵˣæӭ˳
ǰŶô͵ˣΪǻüأ
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ȻһЦʹν̫ƽݵ˶֪û¶
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캮ߡʯݣȴǸľṹľݡڶʮˣúܣƷûĴ©Ͳˡ
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Ѿˣһʱ֮Ҳûźʵġһ˵
ָʡǮֵڻɽģģ棬ѧ
֪ôһ߶˵˵ҵɻã
أģ˵ţȰѴС򿪡
԰ôƤӡƤסëѥӡëӣ㲻һ׼ס
ǷԶûЩѰˡ
ʮ̳ǧԼȲ˾顣
ӣʡǾǲȱǮ˺ˬ˾Ըƣɶġ
˿̣˵ʲôζǼĸϷ֪ѣӺĵӡ

ˡһСϱôģɶûԼȥɡ
УȶŪˣͻȻЦŵϱҸ仰
ʲô
˵Ҫʵڼį͡ʵڡɷС檣⡭
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ô˵ˣ
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Ҳȷʵªûȼס¡

ת۶һ磬ʹһݣͼʹ
ⶼɶ
ݵһЩزȥʱԸλʦ
½·ʱͲˣɵˮˮ·ȥ
ȰѰƻȥ˾ʵԻȥɣʲôʱȥһء
һ㶣Ͱ𣿡
ȺٺһЦò׳ģôҲתһȦ
ã
ɣ
ҿǶһƴȰɣ

ðɣˡ
֪࣬˵ԲȰֻ𼸾䣬Լ֮󾩳پۡ
ˣʹŴӺƺƵسǶȥ

ʮǴεɳһݣ˾Ҳ͵
ڶٱ֮ʱ˾ദ˽һµкøУѵùֵӺƣһ·أǾپۣ
֣һ·أպҪ̴ֶӦ
˾֣Сʲôҵģʼ䣬ȴѾϳ

ٶ
ʱƽĲȣǺӧסǹ
ƣ
Һˡ
ˣ


206 ǿ
ɱ߽ˣʵûжı仯ȻһƽƽԭΨһͬǣڹٵİա֮жһЩգkunˣҲ࣬ͷĺˡ
֮䱻ռ˰֮ãȻǺռ
˵ĲԭĻûܸıʲôѵıĻ𽥱ѧʳͺưһһëգkunͷʣ¶ԣҲֻԼ֪ˡ
ʱûӣһ洵űĺ磬һؿŹٵˡ
ֻǣûþɳĽӰʹӭ
һǡˡǼǰջȥҮɵݡ
üһҮֶӣרŸ֮ȶġ
ʵ˵Ү֮һĬ
ȻʮûˣǸĽȴδֹͣ
磬գȲŵ㵽Үɵ̼ˣⶼʲôϡ¶ĴλʹôϾġ
ΪԴĻ̣ǲʹǳжʿΪ˱棬ЦӰʹҲ϶Ǳѧҡ
ȶУѹϳ֮ûڷǳʱڲɳκĦҲڱǰ԰۶Ļ
ҮҲǸˣӰʹõǶϳϤֱȽϡ¶ҮɵݣҲǱž¶̬㲻˶ңҲѹ㡣
һź
Үɵһȣ֪ӵ̲סƤֱ顣ܺӲһٹǮϳ֡
̵ģ
ɼǺ޹ǺޣҮɵǸˣҮɵ塣
Եػ棬ӿΣֱ߽ʮ³ݡ
ҲֲЦˣʵʵҮɵݣȻȶҮɵö࣬˺þƣһЩϷϡƷҮɵݡ
ڿʼѾ˼ҵĵˣٵһ㡣
ֻ˲٣лپʿȴ˼Ѫһ㡭
ͼԴɵأЩʿ࣬ͦأоûһ˿иİϳ˵ķֵ쾡¡
ȿĿбӣ쳯ӣͷ
κų򣬿õģҲǰ˰ɣ
磬Ӫǣ

¶֮ԲŻعȻӪٱʿսʿȣܻһ㣬ڿ֮Уȴ˿ɼġ
ȵͷǡ
սȲҲˣݣӦþͲɱȵˡ
ı߾Ѫسİս֮˭˵ܴ
ɾˣνݾս仰˵֮Ҳǿ𿴴ʿ޼ɣһսʱݣǱ˱ȵ˵ġ
Ŷһüͷ⻹ǵһ˵ݾս
ٱʿǶˣͨսҲ
Ҳû¶͸Ƚ˾еŵ
һ֮£ȲףԭŴսе
ǰһֱãʱս϶һʬɽѪ
ʵȻԾʵֻռСһݣǧ˽ɱһƴľ˫ִʿ
ʱ򣬸ĸߵͣѾ𵽾Եˡɰܵģȥʱأսֵģֻоݺʿ
·ʤ¡ǵӴ󣬶ǲη
ɱһ˹ɱ¶󣬹֮ʿ䣬һͷͷ׵ĸҲûʲôֱˡ
ʱ򣬾룬ҲԽʿҲ˳˶ңţľľ̺ʿ
֮ǿʹ˹ܲ¶󣬶
ʮ֮ȥҲ˶Ϊǿ
ôһ˵ˡ
ԭ˵ʱ򣬲սܵ·ϡ
ԣЩνնмʬҰɽսǰ׷ʱɱˣԾʱıеһġ
Ҳǣʱպյǿ޲Ǻη֮ʿʱڵġӪǧȴ޼᲻ݣ󲻿ˡ
֮Ƹۡˮһսǿеľʿû·սһˡ
˵νݾʿۣȴеЦΪ˵ݵһӪ
ԣԽսԽǿСӿ֪һӪʿΪһˣ


207 
˵֪һӪʿΪһ
ŶһüǣһӪʿ
е㲻ˡ
ӪҪܵսϼѪǲĴڡεһͷҪУҲÿӪͷϡ
ȺٺһЦפӪ

һ
һ£Ⱦ͸˵ǵһЦе
Ҳ˵պҪлᣬȥݿһӪĲ˵۾ݣŴҲҲڶ֧
ɺƶ
ΪҰģ

ðɣ˵
ȴס˵һӪ¶

³ЪϢһڶʹż·
һ·Ȼ˾ıſƣǣ֮ظ˵ĸйۣȴһǧ˵ʹŴһ˵üЦա

Թߣ¡˵˭סսҪأ˭ڲ֮ء
ɽɽ̫ɽǽѱԭԭظγ˵һȻϡ
ɣӺبǧ﷽ԲγɵڶߣجΡ
Ȼ֮գﳤǺͽ¹ءӹءſڡͤءأҪ
ѹԣʹ֮ǧһֱԭ̡
ҵǡ
δʼʹûõ
ˣʮݱɳĴ֣˾ŰˣһԴΪҪЮѹ˴ΰ֮á

³ǣݡ磬аɳ復֮һݡ˸һ֡۽
ҲɳԺڣִɳ溺رȨ
ʹҪһ졣һݣȾ̳ȥԴɾͲԣԽǰߣԽ˵ҲԽԽơ
һᵶ
һȦҵͷιûע⵽ȵߡ
Һȵ㣿
ľ̳񿴹ֱӰһ̳˹ȥ
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һڣüǹƣǧ
ˣúȥһ̳
õ͹ࡣ
㡭ʮͷصģҲϵÿ졣

а̳ӣҲһҾƣȻήǱ¡
˰ΣɤӵŲʵǲģҵȥ˹ټҺüأҪһˡ
£š
ԸӦش£ԳѵϽ
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ƾ仰Ժֵˣֵøһڣ
ȿЦź̳
ȥʱңҲȥϽ㡣

ʵ̫ˣԲųŻлᣬ档
ˡ
Ȼҡͷ
ҵˣ·

ţƣ
ĴָҹȻүǶӲ
ڱѪȡǰܾãЩģ򻹲Լأûʲôţġڿǹ;ʵۡ
ǰһʱҲһ
̧ۿһۺӣ͵İľ̳˦˹ȥҲֵܣ
Ҳܾˮմʪ˰ۣӶ̳ͷ͹ࡣ

ˣȴ׿Ҵҵ˹
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ԭһݳǣԽвסظʹŵһ𵽳ȥ
ĳ䲻ȿⷱʢô˵Ҳɳ復֮нڴ󶨵Ĵǣʮ㡣
Խ㳤ˣԼͬʱûϵɳȥ˵Ķϳ˵ģȻǸɫƤ
ԽϵһºƤ멣ָĸѡΧ죬һʮǮСӻͦˣҪڿ⣬Щûʮ붼롣
ǸոǮϾ˸ý۵ꡣ꼫ᣬ˵ԽûǮٸһΡ
Խ˵Ϲһ
ﲻǿ⣬Ļסû֣ҵΪ֤
û뵽ǵһ꣬棬˳˵ǣҲ˵ԽûǮ
˴̵ˣ
ֱӿ
Ȼ󡭡
Ȼʹˡ


208 ĪҪɱ
ү˵ǿǿ֣һɽһɽߡôڿ͹ˣôȻһҲãǾͱ˭ȭͷӲ£죬ӣ
ǡ
үˡ
ȻϡɣȴһʹӣԽѲڣסһ˼鲻øϽţڻ֪Ǳʲôء
ԽԽ³
ŻҮɵϻ¶ͬҲԼͷϵһ䡣
¶鷳ĺܡ
ңԽҪиʲôôȥ˷ύ
һʲôܣȾˣ
ʣµĿܲ־ͱ֡Ƕ֣ҲҪעִ磬ˡ
񡢺ĬȻͷ

ֹУݰռϳװĺҡУ޲֡
ȵ˺ᴩ˰ݳǣмһƤǰԽ
˲ڵϣڱѪ
֣ҲͷӦûʲô󰭡
Ⱦˣ͵㡣ͷԺ˵һ䣬ִˡ
ӳһھһΣ͵ĳȥ
Ǳ߻ûӦͼϳ˹Ȼһںֱ
Խշֻǰһ
Ȼ󡭡
ȻûȻˡֻ˳ȥڱ֮Ѫ쮣ˤȥ

Ŷ
Ȱô㣡뵽Ѫӿ־֮ʱ־û顣
ȿ֪ȫһȭڴϸСܻϣοǸˣ
շ˲Ҳô̱ꡣ
һ֣ڣѪͫʿֱûš
Ҳû뵽ϳ˻һͶ֣һ־ɱС

жһ֮롣
ʱһʿװߵ䡣һüëĿ֮еһʮ꣬΢ɲ¶һ˿Ц⡣ҲܺӺԽζ´
Ӻƣ
һɵأ⿴ȥԼС꣬ôֵ֪ģ
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ôǳʶˣбӸġ
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ȴҲǣҲǡֻٴ񡢺עִ硣
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ȭǺžһ㣬ذӦɳȡ

ס֣
ʱҮɵݵҲڴ𡭡

ۼɱڼֻҪʹһݳҵĵ̣Ȼô˵ô
ʱ򡭡
ֻ㽵ľû֣ܳһĲ񻰣򻹺õĲ񻰵ĺŮͻأĺ¡
ңԶǸӰ֪ǲܳˡ
ŵضߵʿһ䣬Ӧһ
ʿһ֣СүȥｻСľǡ

ֻҮɵôˣ
ͶˣûطѾסȥ·
Ү³纣ס֣
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ɵأʱֻܿҮɵδá
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⻰ҮɵҪţǲݰ
Σһ̾
֮ͬꡭ
֮¾ʹ˽ҹҵû಻棬Ϊ֪ɣ



209 ᲻
Үɵһ䡮Ϊ֮Ϣֲ̬֮֮⡣
ɫףĵغһȡ֪ѾõĽˡǧҲû㵽Үɵݻô졣
Үɵݼ˵֪Ĭǣʹ˸ɫ˼ߡ
Ȼ󣬾ͻȥ
Үɵ֪ⰲɲߵƷҲʲôƲӡ
ǰҮɵݰηŵüͣһļӶûС
Ӻƣɷһӣ֮£ȫᡣ

үģ
ֱ˸ӣӲˣ˵᣿
Դ˴ΣȿɻûԹִҪǷڴεؽ磬һڱƷǰ׽еġ
ǡ
ƱǿվǴɡңǳʹݣ΢ϵִ
ˡ
ҧ޵͵ӱҧˣ

Үɵֱ飬⻰˵ùġ
Ӻڿʲô·һѾܹ˼ˡ
Үɵݼæл껹ûߣװģغȳ䣬Ͻ
ȳֻ꣬еӺƣûʲô󰭰ɣҪҪипдܣдܰ
ҡͷƵؿ򿿹ͺӡ
û°ɣ
һɨȫҪǴŵ㣬һҲ

ʿɫһףνտǲףǺںֻˣȴʮûл֮
ҮɵҲľνǡ޵СĺˣҲƲ簡
ȼͺӶûʲô¶ݵɨһ꣬תߣ
˼ҵĵ̣Ҳֻˡ

ҪһСүʹˡ
ҮɵЦǣֵĲǡɸ˴Ǻһʶ
ȻͷƲһꡣ
С˭Ҫ

Үɵһ治˵ֻǣѹȥ˲٣ܵϳ֪Ǻ¶ɣ
ҳ£Ү³š

Үɵһ˵Ҫͼ͵һ٣ͣз۾Үɵݡ
ĸ̫ܵĶӣ
Үɵݲɰһã
ǣѾˡֻһתؿ˹
һҮɵݵļ򣬡һأԵ޹ΪҪȡԭô¶
ҮɵݱŪȫӲ°УҪ¶
û뵽ȶɳȨ˽֮һ֪ҮԪ֮ˡ
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ʱ˭뿴κ˭ϣʹɵس£ƻ˭ɱʹ
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ݣҮԪӵĵؽ磬ӺƲ³ç
Үɵݽ˵ӵ˰˱Ѫù̯ô¡
ԣһЦҮɵݵļ򣬡ǻ𡭡
ˡҮɵݶˡ

˵꣬ҲҮɵݾ彻ӵ飬Ťͷ¶һ΢Ц
磬벻ϽûһϢ
һɵؿȡǺĬ׻ʲô⣬ֻ񣬾֪Ҫʲô
ģǻģ
Ǹꡭ
ȵͺתߣ
գ
ɫ죬һ߽УûӦأӾѾ˳ȥ
عζ֪ȥɣѾһײһʿؿڣ׳ţշֱӾͺɳȥе
Ǻǡؿڶ˽ȥܲ𣿣
ˣĳʹ죡
ҲǲɵأԼʲôˣ־߷ŭ𣬴ųս
ɱ˲ĺ¶Ķȥ
һӺɱȺҮɵֱŵĻɢ
Ӻƣ³ç³ç
һæҵؿȰȣһ߶ۡ١ɹʿȥסǣ

ļ򣬡ϸģ㲻˵ֻᣡ

Үɵݰ԰ӺƼֱǸӣ

죡
ɹϾ˷
ڣֻǼϣ̫֮˸Ͻסɷ
ǣѰʿסӺĸ֣ǳ볡УҮ³µʮʿѾûһŵˡ
ܱűεֽѾûϢ
ֻת˲֮Ϣʮ˾ôˣ֮ǿ
Үɵݸεѣ֪ճ֮ʱɿļ򣬻볡УҮ³ſ˹ȥ

Ү³ǰһЦģѰүҲᶯһëҲҪ

Ҳң
ҡǴɻʡ壬ɱңɱգ
ûȵͷȷʵɱ㡭
㲻˽ҡ
˵ţҮ³ŵļŵСӲһ


210 Զ
Ү³ŵļŵֱ㡣
ʱѾȫ˼ˡ
ʹһǣ˾һֱڰжţҪִϼˣʱϾԼժɾ
ֻҪɲҮԪҲóûסʴ֮λ
ɱʹɱɻҲҮɵݻ¡
ǣû뵽ȷʵˣԼˡ
ôҲ벻˸ڴɵĳǳأ˵ƤĿŵɱˣȾȻ֪Ǵɳ£ҷ

һ˵ɱҮ³˿׵
ҲΪ
ҡǴɻʡ壬ɱңɱգ
ûȵͷ
ȷʵɱ㡭

㻹ǲ˽Ұ
ⲻ㡭Ⱥϸؼ
˺ܻù򡭡
ʲʲô򣿡
Цǣ㣬ң
ҰЩ֮°ᵽ̨

Ү³ŴʱѾˣͲ֪⻰ʲô˼
Үɵں治סҡͷ̾
˵˴εͻʵۣҲȵɷҪǿöࡣЩ˶Ѿӣʥˣ൱㼸䡣ӺƣͲǸԼåʹĽɫ

ܴȼˣһϷŪҮ³š
Ҫǲ¶棬ưͿǳԶˡǣܲңһǸմ¡
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ס𣿡

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һĻĺǳʹˣɳµưԣȴ֪ʲôζ
ˣ֮һѪԵĺҶɣ

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ʵϣҲȷˡ
ҮɵݶȵɱˣҮ³ŵовƽϾһˣȵĻԼͬͬ塣
ǣְڣȳ¶ġһصݣҮɵݾǲ˴ĵؿǣɵۡ
ᱨҲûдģʹϾ֮ǰϮʹܵ˾ţʵۡ
һֿ˵ƯȱҮԪӵ棬ûִԴҮԪӡҪĵͷһѾ˼ˣҪٳڶΣǾ˵ȥˡ

Ү³ŴʱڸϵҮԪߣôҲûһڽϡ
ҮԪָҮ³ŵıӴͿɱʹ϶õȵ֣
Ү³ίҲΪǰ
ʲôǣҮԪ۾һң
ô˵ˣӺƵ󶨰ʵԡ
ҮԪһ̾ڸոգǱߵ౨ѾȥˣɱʹǸӺȫȫĵ󶨡Ȼ㲻ɵģҲɵˡ
ӺƣӸû꣡

ҮԪӱ˸ˣް
ʹԭƻЪͣһٴ·
ݵ˳ݣ˳ۿҪ̴ݵؽ磬Ҳκβⷢ
Խ˹ˣҮԪҲ̫ˣ׮׮Ӻõߣܲе㾪ϲ
ţƿӾ˽ȥ
ֻľе


211 ޵
֮С
ͼž׿Ĵȣ˲ţ׿ͷڻһ˫ͷѹ
۾ذԴھ׿˲䡣
׿ߺֵҶСԴӳ˻ɽԽ
Ͳ׷ɱ
Ƥ̧һµصСҮԪҪǸҲͲҮԪˣ
ʷҮԪӡ̫ܡˡ̫塯Ү游ӵˣһӡ˼ʮ꣬췴ʱ򣬾ֻټ˰˳幬֪±Ԫ˧жҡ
׷ɱûҮɵһ⼱ƶԥ졣
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꣬һܣﶼǿġңŽҲ˵˼ҹ˵ûС
Ҳ֪ʦĸʹҲ˵
氵

ˣ˵ˡ˳Ʒھ׿͵һ׽ס׿С߬
˯һҶŶ
׿һᣬȻûʲôġ
Ҫƿʱĺıƿˡ
ι۾
Խװģסţȴһ㶼˳
ðɣ۾ʶǸѧġ
һԭԽһҪ˼ûˡ
˭㿴˰
ˣСү˰ɣ
ԽװһΪѵӣԼһɣһ
׿ǶҲǣҲǣ˵Ѩһ㽩
ʲôĺĺ
¶ſ˭֪Ʒţ֧ӣˣҪϰߣ
ЦڹԺʱοǾͳ׿˻ЩȣǲǼʹôҲѧɣˣƶˣ
ǡһ㲻үôŵ㲻ѧƫѧġ
ԽĻش޳ܡ
ٺ٣һǴӦ϶ģǣⲢҸѧ

ƶҲʱ
˵¶ԽҲʼ˵¡
զͲµô׼϶ҮԪ϶ɱҵȣ
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ţ
ʮᣬһ֣
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̵ģԽ鲻Ը˳
СүҲô֪֪ȵŮˡ
үе㼵Ӻˡ

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Үɵ֪ÿÿ˵ʹŵˣһȥĵطԣ·֮ʱ⼱һΣɫ͵˱ſ·ס¡
Ǹȥǡ޵
һȾ֮ģþ׿ʳ򡢹ݡ
⣬Ѿ
ȴСʳС뱸һݹƷ
ˡ
νģʳҵġһİɣ
һҲԣܱǿǣ˽飬Ѱöȥ
ֹʵ˵ԽҲϰɣջûڡ
޵λڱſڵıɽ֮ϣңֻҪɽ·һ·ȥ͵ˡ
ߵɽǣ͸о˹һȴԽ
ҡԽҲʧƽֱֱȥӡ
ȥ𣿡
û˵
һ£顣̾ɡ˵꣬תɽ
ȻһЦԽļ򣬴ǰ
Ȼɫãܶ˼ҵһѾܲˡ
һ·Ǹߣڱɽ֮ռһשԺ䡣
ȵΪǣשѾ˼ʮĹ⾰ȴȫư֮שԷ죬
Ŷ֮н֡޵
ʮǰҵŹ⣬ԼǧɳʮϮɱɾԪ˧ָʹغһ޷Խ񻰡
λ޵нΪ޵У
ò˵˵ĻֱˬֵǾηǿߣӢۡǸǿ߻Ӣսѣǵˡ
ҵսȴõ˱ȹʹءú޵Уżʮ꣬Ȼǡ
ԺڣֻԺУһڰ˶㶦Ʈ̡Ȼƽʱ𲻶ϣԺȻûˣȴûһ˿ҡ
ߵ֮ǰͼ߹һǣʵǣרһӢ˫
ҿЦʥˮƽѧͯ
ȴһҲЦ
εĽȴҪйĻʵд
䰧գ


212 ޵֮
Ŷ⸱ĲҹάҲɳֵطź˼ҳɡ
˽УͼϽϣ˳Ⱦһ˳һֽ䱦ݸ㣬ĿԶǡ
ķϷ
Ǹ򡭡
ɽ롢ƽԭǹʹ
Ͻԣֱ֮һͬսɵصĳ񡢲
ȵ˰ѸɫƷʳһһϣֵߵ㡣

Т桢үүүү밲ˣһǧȻš

ϽСˡ

ۼľƣϽڣ˾ĴˣѪඥĺƽ˵ȥĻ

ԽֻһȻͨһ˫ϥݵأѾ߸߾ٹͷ
үүʱ˵һսҫȴӺһܡ
սܣȴоȻƺ˵һɱȴû뵽

üͷһԽʱ˵ЩʱˣӺһۣ֮ԮѲ˸ϵԣȻʮȥˣҶ˼Ȼ϶
ȴ룬ԽҲ˵ڵͬӺһܡˣȴõֵܣ
Ͻϣ˼ⲻˣ

˵ţԽҾǰȻصߵΣ
һ̾
˼ҵĶԹңҵҲֲ˭˭˵˭Թ˭ɣ
Ҫ˵ԹֻԹԶλĲ˼档
λذꡣ
ڲļԿطǵĩϴʱĺ˿ʼ緢ϡ
ʱľ˹Եأ޵Уһδεʤѹô
ԭһͳ׼ոлͼһʧصʱԴ׵ˣӹȨԶԶû۲Ŵԡ
Ĵɡ
Զ֪Լ᲻˴ӻλԨ֪ӦôȥԼĽ졣ټڼһʹ˼ΪӺϹָӵĹߣ˰衣
Ӻ·ͷ
ܱ·ݣݣؽ˧·ɶݱϣҵ·Źݡ
εľǸʵ۶µĴսԾǣ·ǣɾС·Եأʦ·Χݡ
ԶʲôøɣعΣ
ǣǰһ˳£ΪĶ·ȴδ£ðȻ½ݣôܶء
ܱһȣʹñ̽䣬ΪӺף
Ǻǡ
ʷдġǣеӵĶ֪϶ûô򵥣
˧˴εһ˲ܱһӴСڼȶսԶ֮ðȻͻĸƵĲܱ᷸¶ֵͼ
ٿӺܵײܱܵʲô
ٽһְȨ䣡ңһûκξ¾͹ٸԭְͬƽ¡ʹŮŮһ֮ĸ
˵ʲô˵ܱǰ˱˹֮󣬻ܱ֮ǰģԶ˭

ͷ˵ҵܣԶȥоˡؽֱӾͳȻصڡ
·ȴûôˡ
Դ¿ˣҪӱ·Ҫһ·УģӭС
˵㲻Դа֮ʱвݵļ򺺶գӶ֪ʱҪĵؽ壬ǹزҪ
ǣû취ǼԶߣһڽʿ˧Ĭˡ
ΨҵͰܶˣ
Է㲻޵нȴֻܣ췴ɣ
仰ҸӺͼʿ
ҵһˣǽ֮ܵԣ
ֻ֪ôӦս
ʵ
ʹսҵҲԲĹؼ
ҵǰϻΰܶˣұǽ͸ֻǣڳ¼ҹȲ·Ұʱ˽ӦǾһҲزȥˣ
ȻӦ
ֻ˵˲㡣
ξڳ¼ҹȿڵȵɾȥ֪ɱ֮ƣе˳¼ҹȡ
Ȱסֻôżգһ·ŽϳгʮҵܵϢ
ʱԮҵҲһ˿ǣߵļô죿
ڰֵ֮䣬ѡǰߡ
ֻ϶뵽ѡųǧ꣡


213 ﶨɼ
ݹϽ֮˭
ΣȴҪ
ܱҪǲðͲ̽ľ棬ҵҲñҶǣûԶ
ꣿǣԶ佫˼棬һ鶼ϲȫĸָӵöǿλ
Զ
Զ
䲻٣̫浱֮ʱԶûزԴҲίǻûϹָӵĵز
Զ˵棬֮һʰҲѴξļ׵ˣ
ԶóǴԶҲ׵ع߳˳ë
ľˣҵǵһҲһγҲôģ

ԽϸϽߵͷһʹҼʮĶԹǿļͷ˵ģ
ǡ
޲
ǰԽɡ

ȻһЦǰ§ס˵ļ򣬡ôأϽЦ
ɲӸ͵ǸոͺӾϽ㣬Ӧø˲ǡ
ǣȻҵýϽ֪ټһСһġ
Ŵ˴ɰãСת淶򣬿ɷɵ󣬰ϽĺشΡ
ԣ͵һźΣҼ˵Ըû뵽ټһǵá
ʵϣ⼸ʮ䣬ҼǵãεľҲǵáεҪɳ黹ҵźǣ˶ûͬ⡣
ܳãҪź
ȼСҲϽǡ
ǵƣϽãСӵ뷨ˡ
ΪΪϽưϢ˼ʮ꣬СģΪԼİϽİأ
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Խһһ㶵ġ
ɶ˼ûӦ
ǺӺѪڣ
ҪܵƣϺڰ˫ϣ

ȥ·ϣϦб
ȴԽͺǰѪɣԸƣ
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ȷŹ𣿡
ǡ
̾ڹټнٺ췢ˣǮ˵ʲôոƣ˵ˣǮ̣ʹЩү

صݣһҹ޻ڶ·ʹżǰС
ڵ˴о󶨡
Զ󶨳ǹ֣Үɵݺ͵ֵҲ㳤һģһڵͷˡ
Үɵݻܵȵĳǰϲ󶨾ǰ򣬴ɲ³
ȰԴ⣬Ӳ˼ۣ˵ĻûҮеѪ
ô۽Сأ

ðɣ
ҮɵԱˡ
ʹεĿɵоǸũ塣û취˭ϵ壬ۻضӡǽı£ȻȲϺˡ
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ֻǣҲǽ˺˵ĵӡ

УȸǲмоҲͱȿڳԴһ㣬ģҲͷΪټӳ룬вŮӣȹźʽ١
װ񣬵ǻѵΣҰԱŵͲѿǲԭŮˡ
Үɵ˵ЩŮӣһ˼Ůˡɳʢѧ֣飬ѧװģһ㶼̶ܽȱȽϸߵĹŮ
ԽֱƲ죬ӾӣҲ̫ӣ
ȴô룬ͦãе־ĸо
Ů˾ӦҪչʾԼֵСӶɬɬģһãҪǶһԵ̫ˡ

Ҫ˵ɵۻǺܹ˼ģϳʹݾ˻ʹϡǵ˵ʱʹǰһںѾˡΪ׵λƵģۿ³
ٺ٣ͨþò
ûˣλͬЪϢ˵꣬һ˦䡭
ˡ
ˣ
Խ˵ôǧػôҲοһ°ɣ
ôˣԽĹؼڡ
ȿЦһû˵߼Ϸ򣬼ΪȵشڨҴ˵عһ͸͵ȥ
Ȳ𣡡Ǻĺܡ
ġ
޹»
ȿֲ̾פʹģôļʲôãǸĿ⣡
͵ͣסǣפʹģ

ӾٵúúõģùӷǸټҳʲôפʹ⣬ȻԼͱˣ䵽ôʺƵطһȺӡ
Ҫˣ


214 ϵ
쳯ϰ񽿣ĳżһ´֮СҪ֮ⷬسסǱɱǻܡ
Ҫѧ֮һʲôʳ֮»Ҿ֮¡֮˼룬λھﵣһְԵҲɹ
һɵĶǣôûһõݸʢ

˵ȣһúûסλֻɱﵡ
ߣصһɵءһʹʮף׼ŪɳЩԩͷġ
۾һHջңʹǼƿӾƾܴ򷢵ģ
ףȿʼ롣
øȥٸңȻջ
ҿɸ㣬ټҵĹ͵ˣɳһң
ףҧ
ȻĻͷԹԵ
ȻټҰ㽻ˣʵʵʹݴŰɣȥ£
ףٶˣ
ףԥһơ
ɽȴＷһ䣬ǽһۡ
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ʹźһһǧˣǣӵʹͲɽ¶ˮɳεʹݣԭǴɽӴʹڵݣ˵һǧˣټһǧˣҲס¡
Ѻӵ˰ٺãȾɵѰԺӡ
һԺͼһںŮŮŲ̴ӷ
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ŮԭŮǰ֬ǽСɫȵҲǴֱӶӡ
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մһһʮʺ󣬻ʮλʮλࡢʮλ
˦ӣԹټҳ⣬Լɵܿ࣬ɵءôҲڴаܿ˼ʱϵƭĸо
ţŮһλڡ
ǣŵĻǺҲǸһ಼ڲһʿζһ˵ӶûС
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ʦϣָȵΪҴϣĵӺơ
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ڱյĵ֡
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ڣװûͦ˵ģ˳ȥ
ͷӦʣԼ֮
˷򴦣ǧѰפٵԺӡ

ɲǸƨӭڿɶڹ̺һϣأ
ֻһݣҲҲһŮӡ
˵Ҫ֪ɳȥĸɳ˼ƣҪ˯žˡ
λɲʲôƶ

ûʲôɿ׵ģʦۣȵù岮ʵҪҲӦý岮ϾѾʮүүΪ
ž֮£һֱƻ裬Ҳõġ
ɫȲǣɫյԺ
û˴ˡ
ʲôͷͨôˣ
̾㵱Ըգȥ֮󣬻֪ʷ̨ôͷأ
գ
ղУͷ̫󣡡
˭
ҮĽؽ󳤹ɳִκݵĶӡ
~~
һǰΣֱΣȷʵеСţơ
һ˲úѧѧ֮գѧʲôʫ°ⲻ𣿡
Цɲ


215 ̹ͦ
Ҫ˵ڴŸоˡ
ڴΣͷʵѧˮƽеƫϡ
ڵĴΣһ⡢ܣͣ︴襡ι
Ȼһ̳ŷޣǿζҪĴڡ
˵˾ʯϡ
ЩڣĻֵõװʲôʦ壿
ǣɳǾͲһˡνҰ䵽ѣôһֻ񰡣
ڴǴڸб˭Ҫǲݻһλϳ塯˼˵Լ塣ݻЩУҮĽݡ
˵Ҳǹùġ
ɹսģõԱأǻʵҮѵΪ˧Ϊ˧װӡ
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ǣҮ治׷Լȴͣڷ˼
ԼѾߵȨĶ壬ȴȻӲ˶ɳԣݾãһѾˣٲѪܵľǰˡ
ãݱӶϲѧҵҮ棬ϣӰϳͨʹΪʦԴˣҮȻҪĸسһӡ
ʵɿλʵ岻źѧµľǱ崫ںҡǣʱգЩͲˣɹѧѾǲת
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ԣöӰݸϳʦͲ⡣
Ү濪ˣܲ˼ɳʵۣԵ˴ɣҲŮˣǮġ
ЩëСҲᣬڻ֮ʲôֻõʱ˵ˡ
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ʲôӦȻǰҽɹһᡣ
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ҮԪԼˣѶҲˡɹϢҮԪܿͻȥҮ³ȴˣڴסˡ
˵ȻûҮԪ˻˻ɵɣѶӷˡ

ҮҲǣҮԪ˼ʲôֱӰѶӷλ͵ˣ
ĵôҳһˡ
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̫ҲǺޱǮģʵϣɳ֮Уݡ`ֵܣҮѵǲ֧״ġ
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ҼбľҮҲù١

ҮԪʹ֮ǰʵҮɵݺҮǰ˵ʲôԲԼ壬Ѷ͹Үġ
һȾ͸õˣԺڴ󶨿ָ֮¡
ֱԣɵѾǺˡָɳӼԱߣ֮ҲԭӼĹݸҮѾ񲿰ѵط˳ֻҪͿɿ
⵹ʡȺܶ鷳ֳɵĸַܱ½Ҫʡµöࡣ

ʵڴҲһƣԺܵ˵Ķڿο
νѧҲֻ÷ָѹԺλ塢ʱġʫʻ㼯ɲᣬʵʱɳˡ
һҲûʲôֱҪ֪ڹԺûɽڿ֮ʱˣרԼ弸λ塣
ͬǣǰǴϳ˶ʫʱģػ˹ԺֱۡͷϺ˲٣ʱЧҲԭ˺ܶࡣ
һɫ磬Ⱦˡ
һţֿС檵⣬ȰЦͷʮ壬ˡ

ڶһ硣
ù緹ȾʹźӺ;׿淶ɹʹһͬš
ʹӴ˴ֹУߵ󶨳ǶмӱϵһԺͣ¡
һطغУȡҪǷڿ⣬ƤֵǮ
úȥţʱһƤëŮӰԺſһ϶һһȺϳˣòĺʵ˭
˶һۣȷʵĺļ𣿡


216 
ĺɿ軪̣ҲסڴʹġǣҪڴģԸɴɹгǮΪͼɵҪڴðס
ڣڽ֮УԤҪǰܿҵĺҲæĲɿҲûȥӣԼ
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ۣ
ɾ
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217 ֵ
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218 һ
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219 ã
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220 Ů
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221 
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ɷӣҲûסҪǵʱǸҮɺҲˣ治ʺơһãͻӺ±ͨСԣҪȺú˵˵ɵ˵˻
ȹֳлĿСֻɨľ׿̲סһ㶣漴ҡͷһЦ
ֱֹϻЦɶ
ʱҲŴӸܳȥɽ֣϶ȱڼ˼˵ĺܡ
һȣ˹ֻһľ׿Ҳûס۵һЦ
ȸͷԡ
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ݸӦֵ֪ģΪˡ
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׿һ죬û뵽һ¾ᵽˡ
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ҪȰþȱȥɣȥɲɣŮҶԲġ


222 
ѲŮ죬ҲֻдֽʽĴԣźһϣʹѾͷһ
ϵ壬ҵĸȻڵΪȻŮԣǼ̳ѪԵһַʽ
˿ȴŸʹŮԣǸЦ
Ȳôá
ѣ
ӳȥôôҴ˭ڴΣӾͲأǴɻˣ
þ׿ҪȥˣȲͬ⣬ҪšԴˣҲû취ӺƱϾˡ
ǣֵ˵Ҳûһ·ȻЦ˸顣
Ƿ
ȸŹɹ֮Ĺ㳡ӻ֮ʱһȴŸʹŮˣˣ˲ע⣬ȼ䡣
ҪҵͬУ㲻ϣôˣ
Ʋɶ۹ǰһͷһͷ治һȾ׿ǿء
ֱ۶Сһô˶ۡͷˣ

Үɵݡ
Ⱥ֮Уһ۾Ϳһƥѩ׵ĸͷ͸ȵġһǧҮɵȻС
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Żûע⣬Ȱͻȥ
Ͳͣһۣе㷳ˡͻȥůѰ
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ȴ˷Үɵݣ׿ߵҪҪһȥɣ
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ɳƴΣλʵ۳ӻѾ෴ʱಧʵۻͲоţҪΪ״ҮŲôͣأ
ԣƵĳƶȣ˸űҪְ٣󳼽ݳΡ˵ߵĶþͰڵĶ
ȺУȻһͦرӰҮ³š
ҮԪоһˣһֱûϡ
ʵҲûʲô¶ˣоҮ³ôҮ³ҲΣֻܼβˡ
ڣҮ³һȿĿ⣬ֻ޵صһۣͰͷһߡ

ֵһȿʼҮ滹ĥ䣬ôһʱͻе治סĲȻ¡¡֮Զӻʳ߱ӿ
⻹ȵһһӼô𺳵ĳ棬ֱ޷ݡ
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ڼһڻʳжӣһվʳǵҲ򿪣ٶʿʼ̽
ŲͿֻͷۣѩΧ죬ͷѩƤڣϣԣɳʵҮ档
ҵҮһ㶼ûīֱΡֳ棬ɵ۸ϰΪˡ

ƤҾǰк·ɵۺһɳвм䣬һ·򱱶Уռꡣ
˵ķԴأӡ꣬ǴƬɽأҲǶԵԳڡ
ȹţν꣬ӦǺ˰ɽ϶ˡֲʧƽ̹֮أȷʵѫԵȥ
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˵ӵȵľסҰذ
ڶ죬ʮʱ־ͣҪڴ˴桢죬׷֮ٵôҡԣͣ£
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˵һȡ׿ӡԽˣʲô¡
ǣʹӰӴˣҲͣ
֮󡭡
֮󣬾׿ɵˡ


223 ҹޣһ
׿֮ɵۣΪʹӺܡ¡ֻӡ
ƺõģӡԽһȴŮһ
ǣŮȸû˯һĵز
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ʱԽ˹ʵʲôأ
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ԽһüͷҪ𣿡
ʲôûҪ
׿ֱţѾ͸ˡ
Խ¶
㣡
ԽһӣӾߣû¶һɫʦǰпɽۻûѧᣬʦָָ㡣
Ϊ⣬ȻҪָָ㣡

׿ֱ˵ĸо֪ʲôʱʼʦҲȵŮˡ
ʵ
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׿ȻͼǰһĸЦ⡣
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𿴴ƽʱƢզãǸеүǶܶá
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һ֣ǴСһ鳤󣬸绹˽㣿Ҫ˼ûϷţͲôѾͷʹˡ
׿Ըȣƽʱǣһ˭ã⼸ߣͲûԼҲƴˡ
׿粵ֻҡͷͷװư͡
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ţ˵
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ûõģܾܲվһҹ󣬾׿ԸȻصӡ

˺ʺоģձëһһ㶼͸硣
һţƤһձӣһƤӡǱ졣
֮󣬾׿ѻϣͿʼ̱죬ֻԶ
ȿ̣Ҳû˵ʲôȴﰵЦ
̺ˣ׿ϸӬˡ˯ɡ
š
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˰ʱȷȺʵ˯ˣ׿ɤ۵ĸζ¡˵ʲôζسһںڰб۾
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Ǳߵž׿ȵĺЦһССүԣ
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׿֮䣬ֻ˱ѡʱֻʲôΣǰ͵ľѡ
㡭
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һҲŪˡ
׿Ȼٶ
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224 ҹޣ
⣬Өѩ纮
ڣ˻ĸɲżžϸ죬ްϢȻںڰеȴԲôƽ
׿඼ˣȼʹֻ񱳣ҲȻȻĸоĻҡ
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׿ԽǾִ٣ͷھ׿ľֻӱšȴʵʳָھ׿СϻȦ
Ȼ׿Ȼȫ񱻵Ѩһ㣬ͣŤһ֫

𣿰ӡ
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ȵǲװʲôʥˣΪһˣô˶ģǳ
ʵϣӵһμ׿Ȳ˵ߣûʲôġ
ҹĴ;׿ôˮɡšǣ׿ԸΪ檵һ仰ȴһӴ
Ϊ
֪׿ݣ˵ֻΪ檣ô򵥵ġ
ȻʲôŵԣʲôŮ֮֮ӣ¶ǣڣһ⣬ܲ¶ġ
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225 ټ
뾩֮ǰ٫͸˵㡮ڲϢȣŮ⽫Ůۼ¼
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Һøۼڻֻʮ꣬ҲǸ˼ǣϼ꣬ŮɣҲϸٴͻ顣
ԣȻмʱ

ڶ²ߡҹ̫࣬ǽ׷ԣǴЩѵӣջǵȥˡ
׷ԣʵϳΧԱûʲô˹СΧҲΧ֮⡣
ֻ˭ҴɡشﲩأΧ﷽Բž׷ܡ
ƤҾѾȥˣѷԲɽֲݵΧȻʮﱻϵһ飬ɽܣǽһ֡
һʱ䣬˭Եࡢã˭Կ˾壬ɵۻ͡
ԣ׷ԣɵǲμӵģǹϳҲ룬˵ϷжչʾԼ̨
ʵ۲Ͻȥ˭ܷſֽţ˭ұȻʵԵĸࣿ

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Ͼϳʹڷͨò룬ʣһҪ̫Ρ

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ⲻ˵ģҮ³šƽʱô׷Եʱͬ㲻ܰʹʱĵ˳Ū䣬Ҳܽ
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˵¶оŸڣ׼Ӷš
ҮҮԸ֮Ү³ƽʱ丸ҮԪߵľͽҺڻ֮ҲףҮ³в֮

Ƚɵ۴ʣҮ߾λɳλŹسԣҲС
λңȸԹʰɣϳġƷӡԡ
ˢľͺˣ˵ӵʵˣˡ
ڳȥ򻹲ۣ˼˵Сĵ㣬ҷڡ

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ߣҮһߣ̨ū
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Үɱһ£һһ£Ȼ
㲻˵㰲ؼ𣿵ɱˣ浱Ҵɺ۸ɣ

ҮȳĬ¶һοı飬˵СӺѸ㣬Ҳ𣿻סˣ
漴Цô˵ˣʢӺƳһ죬ɰ˵𣿣
һ̯֣¡ͳ˰ɡ
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ͳ˰ɣֱ˵⳼ɱĺãƯ
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˵Ļ֣ǴɵүǴεԨֵ֮ƣҮΪ֣֮Ϊܡ
Ȱ̾ǺҮͨģҷڵë
šһ˵еˡ
ʹţƻ˴ĿеΪɱ˱ʼҵΪô򡣡
ֻô˵ˡ
ܲ˵ɱˡΪƻҮ³ŵıɣлҮԪѶ͵о״֮еĳɣ
Ҳ̫¶˲ǣ


226 Ǯ
ȵĻشɵҮ氵ͷ
洫Է飬СӹȻ򵥡״֮ڴ䲻ʲôܣȴûһ˸ǫ̃˵
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ȴ鲻صʲôУֻҪ˵óģëţ㣬СҲղ󡣶ң¿ʲôۣ⳼š

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Ҫ30ҲУҮȷڣԼеӣǶιԣ50ġ
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227 
ţĤÿҮ滹Ӻһʡⲻ֪ڴΣⶫǻǮĽλһصţ۸ţ⻹߼Ѿһҵĸ߼ۡ
֮ôߣΪα٣ţȫֽţţ١ʢеƣֱţĤܷ⵼ܣԣţļ۸ԽԽߡ
ÿɳʮҵţ˵һӾͽܷ⵼ܵԭ⡣
ÿװġ
Ʋ٫Ҫ˵۸ζЦѡ
ø˵úϲ£졣
ؼ˵ɲ⣬ǻĴ¡
еļУسصĴ͵ƾߵɱѾܵˣͨԺũҲеھֻʣƤܺѹˮĳɱ
ˮģ۸ʵǽʵľгɹ
Ƥܳɱߣһոӣţ۸ԽԽߡ
ôţӦȵؾģռֽһ˵ʮţѾˣǹĴ¡
пѣҮΪռ˴ˣʵǱ˻ڰǮ
Щ㽣ë֯ҵҪ̿˵ñεЩ̿ӳʲô

оʣ׷ԴûӰˣ˾׿ոջǰԵ˲١
ôûȥΧ
㲻ȥҲͲȥˡ
ЦӦȥģҲǿǾɲж
׿ȻһЦû˵ĬĬߡ
ʵҲһɻ𣬸ȳ죬һ·϶˳ЦȵͺɳӰԴǣ׿ȻҸһչ֣˿

ʱ֣ضء
ϣԿ֮ǻʳҮɺ˭֪ʱͷҳ飬Ȼš
ǣͺҲ㶪ˣԵͷ¹
ֵǣֻ¹ûмˣһֻһԴĴѪǹˣһֻԴΡ
ȸ˵ΧתһȦûֶء
ؿͺһۡ
Цǲ
λôȫˣ
䲻Уһʹǹǹֱ˦˳ȥ
һǳ¹Ⱥɽ֮ʱ¹Ⱥȭͷ¹ͷˡЦҰôλ˻Ұֱ
׷׷ԣ׷֮ȵա
ġ
һ¹˾ͳȥˣҪǻǣҳһԣӸҧ
ҺõʱΧûʲôˣȻûԵˡ
ȿɲǸèèץźӾǺèôץأ

ڶ죬ϷݣɵڣֳСӣǧɽ֡
Ӽʮʱ䣬ԶԳʮ߻ش˻ϣٿ˭ͷ
ǾͲֻ¹֮Сˣбµ̧һֻͻɽҲûܡ
ͬСǺݷֿ֮һ·򱱱Գ
Ǿã˴ӣڿһˡû뵽Ү³šҮ³ټҮԪҮɴҮɽҮҲŹˡ
һӣֵһӾԵ࣬ɵ۵оӡ
Ҹ嶼ֿˣҲû˳ţҮ³ڲѹˡ
Ү³ʹ˸ɫ
Ү³⣬漴üȣе˻ܰ
ΧôůѾͷҲš
Үɴһʼˣæ͵ϳǮŮ˻ܸɵɶ
ǮӰÿɳңȴŮ˳ԡ
˵СȫӶü
ҮеһӾʿҪǱϳʹڰȫټϰΧЦЦ˵飬ҲֻһԿ֣˳Ȱ衣Ͼ϶ѾãҲֵÿ˳
һʱ֮䣬ȫӶʹЦ׿Ǻͷ֮С
ȥˣǼʵ㣬¶
Ү³һüͷϡҲʼ˵ˣҪͶβɣ
Ү³һЦ˭֪˵ĺôʹһˣ
㣡ɫɷףȴ޴ӷ⻰ɴСĿƫƫֲܰ⼸ҮյĻô
̾һŭһǳԲǴĶ
ֿߵ
˵꣬ͷһֱӳҮ³ż˹ȥ
Ү³۾ȣ˵ͱסˣö֣ҵҵˣ㲻Ū㣬ҲŪ㡣
Ү³ȹҲЦ
ɽҰԣ׼ˤôɣϳҲֲɳɣ
˴һЦǿҮ³ŵ߿Ű
ȸ˵ĳЦߵҮ³ԣһ죬ûСӡ
𣿡




228 
ȷ˵ǼͺǴЩС͹īˮҲвסһ죬ֱӾͽҮ³ŵĶ̡
𣿡


˶һ˵ƷȳͷĴģ
Ү³һŴ˲ɫû뵽ôûƷͽҶ̡
㡭ʲô˼ʲôġ
бЦҲ

죬дҪϣôҪ
Ҫû˹ܣƴҲ㡣
˵ɶңû
һЦɨˡ
һͷҲ蹻ģ˶ôһ
㣡Ү³زһء
Ү³ˣŭȵ˭
۾һأûûεĲҪֱ׳䣿
Ү߳ǣҸ壡
죡ۿûôûʸ˵
ҮƤֱд󺰣ֻ˧Ĳԣ

˶Ŀɿڴؿȣ˵ϳƤû˻ôġ
Խ̾һ˭ã޿
ͺӶһۣ˾Ͳźۼߣ˹ǽ
һˣȽճǻǲΣȴֻסΣ
ɶ˼иûһСʳ
ˤɵˣԽġ͡
ۡ
絹һƬ
ͲָͣҮ³ŵıӣôЦϳûӣǶ磡

һҮ³ѾϣȵһָǾӹ࿪ˮˣô˰ɣ
һûӵĴǹʹ˵ɵʲô
˵ǣǸ׵ûվӣǵȸ˼ҵ˼ȷ棬ǲа
Үɸ³ֱʲô찡
Ү³ڵϵȴźۼÿˡһʱ򣬾ϵٺãҲܳͷ
һɵҲˣǿվڻʳһߵġ
𼸾Ҳˣ¶ǲø⼸һù
ðɣҲ˵ˣ⼸λͦġ
ʼе㵣ģϾ٣˶ࡣڣ³
Ӻӣһ˻ѧˡ
ˣǱĬİת˹ոջһ˵Цȴָˡ
Ү³Ŷ޳ˣģӺ
ֲȶ֣һѪ
ﻢ֮ʱһ仰
ɽзһȺҰټ
ʵνҰټɽϵļ
ҰȺӲҴڣй̶ʳ·ߣߵĶˣͻɽ
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ʱҰأÿɽҲǽͷһεաϾҪ˭á
Ѱջ
˶ɽһ棬ԶԶľͿʮͷƤҰɽͷʳ
ŴͷĹİٽšü˰ŵҪˣ
Ү³ͷֵۣɽȻ˵㡣
ʵҲе㻭ֻ꣬ǲ˼˵
Ȳ׷ôԶզˣ
Ү³űĵ㶮ƨνһܡϻⶼ֪ΧǼһһϣŹκζȼĻᡣ
ƫͷһǸεεСҲڼм䣬˾
ǰʲôң
ȵҮ³һۣû˵ȴľ׿ֱۣ˼ǣȻȥٰ
ִæӺƣ㲻֪ҰϻѶԸ
ҪΪ˰˵ע治Ըһһ
Ŷˡ
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ߡҲţϾ
ȵȻû˵ıУ˵öԸ϶Ѱ죬ȥ
˳ٲԶ֮ʱͼԶѩһʿڶ
һˡӻδǰѾӭȥֵ£ôɣҲƬɽ
ͷʿס֣ͱôˣдǣ
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ҮɺһɨƣΧŻˣ
ЦΧΧˣû㶯
ŶҮɺǰһһ
ţİٶĴһѡ
İٶ
Үɺ˵ôҪϴޣͷܰεԿˡ
뵽Үɺߣȥ
֪ǱԿȥģЦΧɽľʿûȥ󣡡


229 
Үɺ˱У˴кСĵ˻ȥ
ɽеҮɺƶ޻֮ĴޣֻǶԿɡ
Үɺƫͷɨˣ˼ԣ˭Ҳ
Ү³ű𿴺ȽеûҮɺƨûҷš
ȱ˵ô㱾¶Үɺ˵λ
ֻǣû꣬Үɺע⵽ߵľ׿˵ŮӺƯһ
ǣٿ׿ԱߵȣŷšüŮ˸һȺ裬˭Ĺ˵㣿
٣ȰҲʲô񣬸նеøоͿͼڣ
׿ɫԽԽѿǿȵϣһʶ鷳һ٣ٶı˿ᣬ˭Ҳбơ
׿ĬĬسһѶذ֡
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˵꣬תͷӣüһʲôʧ
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Үɺû˵ʲôҲǺѡֻΪȵԭ򣬺ûûú˵ˡ
Үɺˣĵ˳ʮɣھȺʮԶĵطѡһڲλͣƽľһ
ȼҮɺվǶûСʵҪɶ

ҰƤɾ䴩ƤҲΨһۣһ
Ȱէ࣬ɽµҰȺ˵ҲʮԶľ룬ӣҴô䣿ҮɺȷʵЩ¡
ʱʿҲе䵶˳ǹСĽ䱸Ү³šҮ³Ҳǹһ¡
ͣҮɺһͷȺеҲɢӡ
ҰԼҰޣΣղӣƴҰڴϸľײϡԣܱ֮õԵһöûеģֻдǹֳŹá
һʶؿ׿ǰֻĴ糤ذס
ҪҲѳǹɣ
׿𣬷Ѷذոý
Ү³żЦŵ˵ȭͷͷǹֻ¹Ҳ֪컹Ҳң
аЦ㵹ȭͷ͹ƴһƴӲ㱾£
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˵䣬ǱҮɺڶˣһ죬һɳ
һ𣬲սбС
ϧҮɺȴˣͷйüǣֻһѪӡ̶û̽ȥ
ʹ˳˲ɽϵˡ
໵һ㷭ɵϾͳ˹ʮֻƤҰʮڹһ㣬
Үɺһã
칭䣬ֲУ
֪ɱܣֻü˼ʿóλá
ʿȻԤڣǰ󣬳ǹ֧أǹбָҰǳرǹ衣
ǹѳɣҮɺһֻвʣɱȺǹɱϾе˵ȥ
ţȻ䣬һӰӴ˳ȥ仹һ˿޵Ů㡣Үɺһ㱣˭һ
ʹߵǸɫŮ
ΣգҮɺУôһϧ
ֻһ仰û꣬Ӱͺӡ
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˶ɵˡ
Ү³ͣŶ٣ǶҪ첻ɣذ׾Ҫ͹Գ壬к
һۣǾﲻѡ
뵽ӺԹòС־䣡

׷ھ׿Ҳǽ֡Ȼ֪ʦõϸֺɽֵĺƤ˭ҲûϹûס
ʦãСģ
źһȣ׿ͷľѲɡ
Ѿᵽɤ۵ʱ򣬾׿͵һѩٳ裬ѩѩһͷ˲佻˲뿪
ŵһۣ֮ʱֻ֮ѩɡ׿Ӱѩ֮гȥƲֱȺ
෴ͷͷҲѩ֮˳˳ɽµĶ;¹Ȧͣ
һ


230 ˾
׿ӵĹͬһţѧȴͬ
ѧǺӲӲԱα𿴾׿ȴڼȭԴѨ֮Ͽơ
׿ǺҲҪ֡ҪȻڵݣҲἸʮŴүǶҪһСˡ
õӪָʹ˵ǿ˾˳Ҳǳ͵Ĵڡ׿һ棬˶ûأͱӡɼ׿֮ߡ

ٿʱɽʯϵļٺӡ
ǽһ
һľ
Ү³ŵ˸ǵԲ˫ۣɵˡ
ôʲôůѾͷ
Ǹ
¾ɫĹɷ
µ
ոȱʲôûȴǿСŮͷһ˲䣬ͼһŤܹҰ߳һ˳ƶذҰѡͷһĲ
ڣŮɷѾȺ֮ͷֱͦͦصѩÿһֻһƫС
ӺҲɱһṇ֮̀±ؼѪ⣻ӸǰԵӲֻƾһ˫ȭӭҰ͹˹ȥ
߾
һȣһȭճҰӦѩһ죬ǻֱ
Ү³ŲԾؾ֮ʱںһȭһѪȳ档

趼ŸȥæȸУ¾׿ʲôʧҲҮɺڲڣ໰쮳ˡ
꣬㲻һеزǹ󣬳ɽ¡
ŷӦʿһӵϣɱȺ
ǣʱĶʲô¶ʮֻƤҰСѾûһˣгλϳɷûһŵġ
ȻԶʶ˵ǵ˽ǰ̲ס졣
ͷ⣬ȫˡͷһԴǹͷˣҴڽѣЩû˵ģͷȥһ飬һǱǺںȭͷҳġ

ܵ׿ߣץļȫɨ˺ü飬û¶ɣûţ
׿бһҮ³ŵˣŵһ¡
˭ҽͷ
ŭʲôܣүǶˣҪͷ
Ȼƣ׿ȴůůġҲ˶಻࣬ץȵֵû¶зִ磡

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ȱ˵䣬Үɺˡ
Ǳˣ
Үɺ;׿˵׿ֻһȻվ˵
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˵Үɺ䡣Ҫά䣬û뵽Үɺȴȵ
֪﷼

ʲôȽİͺ񲻶԰
ΪӾ׿үЦˣ
˵ӻȷһְɣ
⻰һҮɺ;׿һ׿źۼһȣҮɺȴ¶ʧ֮ɫ
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⻰ȵģ˵Ĺأ˭˭˵㡣λߵҮɺҲûȨ
ɨһȦǾͼ񼸸СֿŴǡ
ҮɺһָͷİٽĴֻҪˣ
Цҡͷۣ⳼ϲСġ
˵꣬ž׿߿ˡ
Үɺͷ˵Сӻͦϵ֪ʳӵķͷ
Ҫ١ϵһ͸ˡ

ȵ˳ɽ꣬ʣµģоʿƺͷСʿҲ̧˼ͷѲԿ
ͷܵԿĴʼû˶һ£ôɽˡ
Ȳã˸ܶҮɺҲҪӵˣȴôܶ
ȲѾǺܸˡ

ʱ磬ջѾǲӣֱӾѡӪɱɱ˭Ұᡣ
ﲻȥ׿Ҳ
һֱ콫裬ԼĪҲ࿪ˣҪʣȴһƣˡ
һˣ΢΢һü漴£ôԵ⳼ˣ´һ⳼ȥ±ǣ
ģҮɺ
ֺģͷۣʹ
˵ţԸһ̴Ӷſõ⣬ҵƽ
ʱͰһء


231 Ϲ
ҮɺҲЩ㶵ȣԼˡ
ֵܶ
ʶؿһ۾׿˵ûİɣ

ʱͬ뷨Ļˡ
Үɺȵӣߵ̣С֣ɣǻͲԣ
ޱҡͷ
ԸǣȻӺƵӿҪ¡
ޣݺݵشһڡʲôС
Сȵǲǿҵġ
ҾСòֵ

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ȼҮɺԼ˵ĻᣬҲֻ¡
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׿ûػǿȡ
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Ȱֻþ׿Լ¡
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ЦþƾͶȵ㣡˵ţָҮɺһ롣
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232 װ
һֱĶ֪ӺƵӣ³ʲô¶
ҮɺȥһʱҲûֻల¡ȴ룬ͻȻȴ󺰡ˤ
һ飬æ˹ȥ
ֻ
ֻһҮɺ̧ġ
һ֣ôˣңôˤģôˤˣ

Үɺ֮ʱҲ֡
ȵ˵εľȷʵͰ൹ˡͷѣȫΧŹһۣʵĥܡ
ҮɺôҲ벻ôˤģþӸˡ
·µһߣҮɺһס˿ɡ
̵ģƾٺȣˣ˸ʹ

һֱû𴲣Ķ
緹ˣȻû͵ֱ˵ȶˣͷ۵û취ֻñڴͣפһ죬ߡ
ҮɺһȵвԺһ㡣˵ϳ˹Ȼǲӣһپƾܺſ£
ûʳӵһһӣſ֮ʹӪתһȦ
˼˵˰ɣǱ̧ģۻǱǿֻһˡ
Үɺֵһ𣬱ϾǸһ뵽Կ֮û䣬Ϊ˻λҲֻ椡
ҮɺֻôԼ뿪ӪأѲȥˡǰתȣؾ֮ȥһۡ

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ôҲװһɡ
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ߵúã޺޵Ҫǻңٶţ
Ǻǡ
ȸЦŪףֵܺҮɺôôĳ
ҿʲôûԼˤġ

գй䣬ȥʱһҲû߳ȥ
Ҳʱһܶ滹һֻߵĹܡ
νܶѣеʯǿĵоһһƬɽּޡҲ¹󡢻ټɽ˼ӿӣûһĽӡ֪ǴҰ޵ءҲֻкϹӣܣ첻ʳֻڶ˯ƣټ
ѹܴͱ˻ûô¶ͺӾɱ˹ȥ
ߵúܣ׼ʱһǹֱȡֱܾ˸ԴӵȭҲͬʱں¶һȭͰ°
˿Ŀֱܷ磬ôǿǴϹӰ˭ƵꣿһԴı⡣
⼸λϳôֱͲˣ
ҲΨпЦ֮ǰԲѵ˵չӺ÷ˡ
ȳźֱ
Ե˺ܲ٣ǣҲܴȥ
ֻúӰƺͿ൨ȡˣƤʣµĶҪˡ
ɽϱߣת˼죬Ӳˣ˿ʼĴӪٹС꣬ûȥˡ
˴Ӫ֪ɵһѾˣҵҲĲˡһ˵ġ
ԿȻҮɺģûԵܡȴһͷӣ㲻
Үɺһ˵ûӺֻİٽĴȻǵһ
õԿһȺǰҮȻˣҮɺҪǹְûټˣҮҪˡ


233 Үɺ
ϰףԿҪ֮ƳһܣʾԵһʿϡ
ҮɺֻĽǮϣǳƳһȦ
еǰкӺƣֻûǿϧ䲻Կȡڶǲѣ
ޣ
Ȱôôŵأôɰ
ΪȲƽ˼㣬㷴¶ҫȷʵеˡ
Үɺһ㶼ûɫԣֶľ׿ڡ
ԵֻëɫɷǺÿصоù͢Χ죬ȥ

˵̲ˣһɳ󳼶Ƥֱ
ʳӻǷôǹʹŮ
һûֱͷ֮𣬳ķŭ
ǻʳӣδĻʵۣ˿ɻأͲ㣿Ķţ
Үɺѻ˵ϣȲھе˵ȥˡ
⳼лº⣡пգɵһӺƶһݣ
⡮һݡҧüء
ֵܲûЦһΣҮɺ汣סˡ
ҮɺҲɿһЦһһ
ȴξƿɲܶȣȶˣۡ

ҮɺҪǰߡ
룬վһԵĺӡһСġŪϵƤӡ
žһˤڵϣɿһֻ˶ĺϹǰ¶һǡ
Χ˶УԲӿʹҮɺ˵ؿˡ
Үɺɫһ죬漴ת࣬ԭ򵽺Ϲˣ
ڵһȺͰƤʲôԵģƤӶ಻ã
ӺЦС֪Сĸ
ȰѴӵݸӣͷͼ˶æָ֣Ƥӵᰡģ
ۣ˾һƬ
ģ㵱ǶɵӲɣĶģҲȥһ
Үɺΰ
̵ģͲܲغõ㣿
֪ǺԿȴŤˡ
ʰӵĲо֣ߵҮɺǰ±ģǼġ
ҼүҮɺһϾִٵЦǡơֵܣǺ
˵꣬ҲҴҴתһȦͻоʡ
һۣа̾Ӻ̫ˡ
Ҫ˵ɵ
˵ȼǹΪԼŮ˸ôɻʳ²̨ƦӾҲȷʵ
ҮɺԱȴɵһʿɷ衣ɵͷĬõԿ
ȱ˭ʿˣͲ˵ˡ

ڶ죬ɵӻس˵ĶԶƺƵԭ·أ¶ʮص󶨸
ڣȣʹ٣ǵһ꣬ԴıšʮĺЩӶһͬ۵˴ʹݡ
һԲʹ֮ʣ׷ͬʱҲֵع˸ꡣ
Ժȵ֣͵͵ž׿סһݣʹԼóһ׿
ѹǮ
׿һۣûˣҪѹǮ
νһ̯֣򿪿ϲϲ
׿ܰһЦƿиǣǰһ
һѩĳëΧ죬̲סḧָ˳ޱȡ
Ư
ϵѩƤȵڴɶǼΪټģˡ
׿ְһۣС۶
ţȴ˿˿ġ
ôƫǺƤΧ죿
ǰ죬Үɺ˵ҪƤΧ죬Ū˸ѩƤС۶ʲô
۾һ֪ʣ÷
ǵþ׿ֱЦҲҪġ
ҪȿŵﲻҪûĨ

һҸԲĲȾƵĺȾơ
ʼûôˡ
ɳĴ󳯻ᣬʹҪаȥҮꡣ
ͺʹûʲôֱ𣬸໥߶໥ꡣ
ˣɳϵеļһҪȥġ
ΪĹɶ֮һȻҪȥݷáֻҮɺҲʵǲŵ
һţʾôûֱ뱩ߡ
ǣԼһεǶȥȾơ

Ȼ󣬾ҡ
ֵܽܣҲлǣȻҪŰꡣ
ݶҲԽӼ֮һʱ
һʱģȴҮɺﻹŤ
ܸо˿ӡʱļһЩϳȤ£˵һЩʲôȤ֮ԣﻹʱʱһЩ
ΪǼڡǽֻǣ֮ʱ俴¶ֻСš
Ь
ԭŮ졭


234 
ȳ
̽ʵǼҼѧŮվţ
һ˵ʲôأҼҿûǸء
Ŷ˭վ˴ʱ
ԺҲ֪
ã
λûûεʴˡ
ˣȵ˼·ϴס㡷ҼСһ㡣
˵ţӻﳶһֽ㣬ϴдš
ңȲؽӹֽ㡣
ǱױʼǣĶûлġ
һߣһֽ߰
ֻһϴһ㣬д֮޸ģÿһԱ߶оСıע
ڸ׵棬һβӵһ֡
ϸ裬Ӳݲ֣ؾԳ裬h
Ȳɷ˲ӣе˼
ϵ˼ǣ
㡷ϵĸӹԭʱĲһǣȴ޷Ӧ֮⣬ֳֻ˳۳ңƶľӣ
ôһде㲻˼ˡ
ʱȷʵеѵ˼Ϊס㡷ںǲԭ֮裬ȴֻ˲ܳζŮѱֳĸо
ʱӶŮ˳˸裬СȻá
Σ㡷Ǽܵȴȫζˡͺñö޵ǿһͲ
ʱȾ뿴СжԲд׸衣
û뵽Լǵ˼˿ˣҴвѿҲʲô֮
Ϊ⿴Ƽ̵仰ȴһ״ʡ
׼ȷ˵һɴʡ
Ҳдʣȴһй̶ĴơɴǺ֡ҲΪʲôȵĸɳױܵԭǱûй̶·׽Ķ
дûʵǰƤ˻˼ԣҳ⣬ǱҲһÿ𣿡
ȱ׶̴վǶʼĥ
ԣʲôе˼Ҽдɶˣ
ҡͷֽһˣ
治ˣɴ
һ͵Զȥ˵ôСһУ߶߶ģ
˵˵ͦ䣡

죬ҲͲôˡһǴûʲôطȥרĥСõСʡ
ת۵Ԫڡ
Ҳѧϳһڴ󶨵нְϻҹУŪ˵Ԫƻᡣ
Դˣֻ΢΢һЦ
ԪƻᣬӻʳǵһֱڵǵѬšʮŵƽʣ磬򿪷񾡾ڴˣҲܱȵ˵ģ
˵һȴǴαȲ˵ġ
ǾǣɳСǡ
ӱͱ飬ֵԪѽڣǸǰѻһޱͷ˳
˵Ԫڵƻ֮ϣҪλͬΣǧҪܾ˵׼Ļ֮
ԽĿɿڴԹԡǱķͷͲ˯˲ˣ
ĵͷзͷƻͣСǹٻ¹ĹҲ˵
ŮӶ֮¶ôأ˼ҵٸż͵Ҳ¶˵ˣ˵ˣͺ͸Сδ÷֮ȴ˷֮ʵˡ
ԽĹӶˡ
УҲΪ⣬ݸɶģ

Ԫ졣
ԽһƤۣԼǽһ񣬾͵һ˼Сˡ
˵Ҳ޳ܵ˼㣬ôĻҲţô㣬ڴˣ
ùȴž׿ӺԽͳˡλ˵ĵƻ޸У˯ȥˡ
нֱϣžֵܿĸɫƣд˳
һΣнֵһ·ͣ¡Ƭ̣ͼԶһȻ֡
ӭ˹ȥֵܼ
ָĸڸ˷ˣҲεơ
ԣæ峵ݹһ񣬡⳼£
䣬ƿһ룬ͼжһλֵܵĸɳؽ󳤹
ɣԸ⣬ĸͺá㣬ľˣҪӡ
ĸﻰ˳˾ʼơ
ǲ˵ֵֻĳڳأ
Ȼ䣬ʹһЦ
ע⵽߻ŸŮӡһ°׺ȹѩͷĻڿò
Ҳһ漴ݸ
øСӣˡ
ȺһЦҲ˵λɱȴεĹŮӿʵö࣬ٻܺͺ󱲿Ц
ĸҲѻԹˣùȻͷӡ
Сʵһ˭
á



235 
Сã
һʶֳһֻۡգ
λͼ˵С
׿ҲؿһۣǸɳǸСã

ʱɫѰнִǧյмַƽ˼
ؽֶУƷƿҲڡ
ĸСڳϣҲѳƿһǣŽϾ¡
ڰɨ˺üۣҲˣֻżƳһĻϵİɴ
һߣһš
֣˵˵Ԫƻʲôӣ
һʮﳤ׹أ¾
ԣһĽ˵εĿµһǣȥûд˵еǰ㷱
Цȥȥ£ͨʹȥһ仰¶
ѵ¶ɬ֮⣬ô򵥡
ȵҵļôһ仰
ʲô
˵һӦ£һ˵߾ߵУһܲ
ԣҲǿЦѹѣԭܼȾϧ¶˵ôף
һ̯֣ǾֻоܽˣΪԶ֪һȵ
޷ֹˣûܽ죡
ҲҪǴƾͺˣǸܣ
ƾ˰ɡԽͻȻ廰
ˡۡ

˶֪֮⣬Цһţȴ֪֮ڣĸʶסСŮı֡
ĻڵŮӣȻ߽
һ˵߾ߵСһܲ
ʲôӣ

漸Цһÿ·ΧһȦŮŮȴеڷơ
ˣ͵
˱̯Ľɿ˹ȥ
̯һǼλӣЦλӣҪԣĲһΣͻơλһǶ֮ˣҪҪԣ
΢΢һЦԵ˵ĵԿɲò£Ҫ˼ֻΧſֵ˶࣬µپ֪ˡ
ɲѲѣǰȥͼҲԡ
ͳһͭǮǰ֡һͱסˡ
ĸϡʲô⣿
ץ˰죬ֻûͷ˭֪
̯æһ˴𣬿ҪǮġ
ͷһ˦֣ǲǮ𣿡

ҡͷ벻
ӺԽҲ벻
׿Ҫҡͷȴеλˣʮġ
޺޵̰ˣǮȥˣ
̯һ֣ӲǮСļƽЩ
ȱˣ˵̯ҲȤʱġ
һǮҸԵס
̯һۣλڡ
Ȼ֪档˵˵һǣ
̯һףҪӰһҰɣСĸ㡣
һȥֱС
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Ҫ𣬾֮һ׵Ǹޡ֣绹ǰһСðɣ
٣
һᣬİ
̯㶵ˡ

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ĸϣǡġϦɲǸޡ
̯ҲˣĻ͵ϡ
ʵҲһ˴ͽʮģƵļ۸Ҫϼġ
ͦˣŻɨ
ʱԲдʱʱ̣ʱһ۾ͶϹڸߴÿļյ֮ϡ
ǣԽǺõƣԵԽѣôò¡
ץ˰죬޹ֻٴתͷˡ
ҡͷ
̯˷ܴУǮˣ
˾Ǹơ
εسµӣæ
룬ȴƹӲǻûӦضд𰸡
˵СǺҸ˰һ¡
㣬ͷβȥǣǴգ

СԣԲԣ
Χ˵ôİ
ȴ복˿ֱЦӺñ£С
ιι
ˣܸܲӲʹ·
Ǹա֡еС˵˴𰸡
һ֣æֵ
̯ժ»ƣݸһյɲ׬ˣƵ۾ͽģӵĺõơû뵽̬
أĸˣֱָҵߵյ
ҲʱˣֱȺͳá
߹ͷһֺա
һ죬ⲻѣѲסӡ
ȻǸˣȤ
дöĿЦȲ˵һ⣬Ҳһԣƹһ˰ɣ
ϱڣǡ

꣬һ¾ˣ
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ǣȻ˼ѾУֲܲӣֱֻ͵˳ӡ
˰ŻȻ򣬵
ã
Χ˸ãԱһŮĲŻ۷
ֻǣ֪ŮòΣ⿡

˷ܵشЦУֶˣ
Ҳ̯ժµƣֿĻƣĴ𡭡
û˵̯꣬Уӣ飡
̯˵ȥӶˣ


236 ͬ
ӣ飡
Ƕ̯һ߽УǵΧ۰պôЦ˹ֱֵֻп֮˵ǲ
ĸˣһ㲻̯ֵڣƽֻ֡һӸ߸𣬡ˣ
̯ϸȽסһһֵ࣬۾ɲˣлӣлӴͣ
һҲˣдҼεơ
뿪̯ʱһ̯ĵһ
Ժˣ
̯ɫһ࣬Ǳˡ
һЦ
ȵѾߵ˽ϣкŶİտ̯ǰ
ʶ˰ɣ
ʶˣ̯һӣͣ󷽣ӦòǷˣ
ˣƲ˵֪˭𣿡
˭
ϳ͵нְͷС˼ǰڵ̯ǲŰ𣿡
̯۾Թԣԭϳģѹֲѧˡ
⼸Ҳ򵥡˼ŪϳЩбһǱݼҵλӡ

ġһŷӦ
ģ񲻾ҴɵһŮ֮Ƶɸ磿
ǿһﰡ

ȵ˵̯ӣǰУȴĸסˡ
˾۵ǰͼƿһǣ¶ĸݡ
ЩˣȻظˣɣ
ԹǺĸ׻ظ
ĸݸһЦĪҪ鷳ΪԼȥǡ
˵ţֶԳеСõѵó³λֳˣȥɣ
СػصŮ氢ȥɡ
ʱ磬һ衢̻ϷͲ뿴ˣ
һ䳵һƣͼɸƮƮسˡǱĸ˵ģεơ
³֮ĸԸչ˺ã
ĸǿģɸѵóһθϳԣŮոǰЦÿġãûˡ
ԣɸҲŮһЩֵʱ⡣

ĸ˳ȥ˵Ķһû˳Ҳɲ١
ɸ硣ΪȽܡ
֪λŮƱԼСʵѾ˸ˣΣӣ
ɸҲһƼҸ磬
֮мɬȴö
ҲҡȻȻص
ɸֵ֮ϵСΪۡлᣬҪһأ
ȻصޣΪҲǺϲ̨档
ǫˡ


ιֿȥˣǹ˰ٿ춼ˣ
һ漴ǵתװǻӣʱȥǣõǡ
ɸԣ಻˵ĻᣬӵƼҸ絹˵ˣˡӡȷʵ徲أ
ԼãһġθֽۡеʲôҲ׸磡
һ㲻أ׸㼷Լӵģ
ǴĻڣóɴµı顭
ðɣһӺƣشεʱ򣬼ǵðѾͷߣң
˴ЦǸڵ̯Ļλ䡣
Դֵغһۣ˵ʲôأ
֪ЦЦڽϿǿá
һͷ֪Լ˷ܹͷˡ

ڽйոôһ˵˲٣ɸҲٳĬĬغŮߡ
һƺ̻𡣴Ҿôһ·Եĵ̯תƣһߵſϷ
ʱȲŷе㲻ԡ
˸ˡ
Խأ
˾񣬡㻹֪
ʲô
ոСò֮ʱ˹ˣ
աˣе¡
Ӳ廰٣ûţøСѾͷˣĻͦء
Ŷȶʱ֪е߸
óˣ

Ҫ˵ԽڿĲУող֮ʱΧиСӳĻ£ǾͶ࿴ۡ
ĳ룬һ濴¶ˡ
˼ң˼СҲ˵⿡۵ĺܡ
СӾʹ󷽵عԽıŮڨüȥĳ˼飬ûһͺСһͬȥεƺˡ
ϸڣǵ۲ѣĬ
˹ΪӿɲҴģСӱͲʲôö

ţǰһ̯ȴʲôԣ߲ʻƿճһȫǰ׵ףʫġ
һЦŶȵʶӺôʱ䣬ʫ֮δüյҪֽһˣ
ȷŰ۵ҿɲʫ
ˣеɣɳҲǺպġ


237 Ǹİ
Ⱦˣ۹Ž񣬻ϱôĶ˶һ
ô²ţ´ǧ
ȸ¡̣֮û֪ʲôƷӡɡ֮ĻţѾˣ˶ʼȤ
ֵôһ˵ɸҲʼδƼҸչʾʫ֮أ
ȿЦȻ֪ҰɵͷǾ͸ףۿʫдȫģǱ׳ˡ
УСʼ塣շҪӺ¶һֲɣǰڣҲСЦЦ

̫ˡ
֪ò֮ʱһɧƵĴӹˡҷŹȣעеνϡ
˲ע⣬ɸվߣеεƣȴƼҸ磬ɰС׳ӣ
һɿȥĻµӸûҲͷתС
ӵΪˣҵˮƽõġ
ɴɸ粻ݸǿɹֲãƼҸĻģá㡷Ϊá
ȿЦӮˣ
û˵ӮʲôƫƫɸȴǶˣЦø𡭡
ƼҸ绹ЩִʣС񡣡
һ񣬲֪ΪʲôöУһ˿Թ
һ󣬴ֻص̯ǰ
֪һǶ㲻ȥģѳζǵŴʾ䣬ȴɸһյǰǰīԾȻʡ
ԪϦƣϳϦҹװ纮硣ɮ

һɴʣң֮ǰȵһһģһ
Ȳᡣ˵ӱ¹ܴС̫¶ӶˣץŲţĪ׷ĵ
òϣɸĴдüãʧŮб˵ĺˬ

һ֣νֵľ쾡¡
ң⿴һʣʵΪһ֡ɮʲôʲô
û˵
ǶӦȡɡţ䲻ǰڣǰڡ
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ɾûˡСѾͷͶһ͡Ƿʰø¶һ֡ʣһյƵ״īʡ
ҹŻǧ
䣬ꡣ
·
תһҹ衣

ȶʣȻ˹һϵĴʾ䣬ɸȷӦϳơస
ҲǿŴ૵
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·һҹ裿
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г״˼ԣͰԪڵַʫ续
确šת衯ȼʣõøǾСõɴʸۼ
ɸáԪεƵӺáһҹ衯дԪҹַ
ֱǾˣ
ȫʵ⾳ΪСϳϦҹװ纮硱ϱԪڵĲ֮ͬСɮڰڵ⾳СõɴʿƸʤһ
ӺƣԪƽڵòˣȴֻʢ־֮ʡǣûϵδʽڣ̵棬ڡ
ӺܰдΨ֪ڻǶô
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ۣһѪ˳
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ɸȴһЦƼҸСˣ
ȹЦСҶ

ȴ뿪Ϊڴ׷˳ȥɸŷԸŮѸոʵյƣ̯˹
ʵҲ״ʵڻʲô
ڽãɫʵˣŸɢȥ
ֱʱԽҲû룬Ҫˡ

һߣֵܴɸȥ
ãտɻˣɸ磬øˣļֱԼʲôϲ»ġ
šɸͷӦšʵϣȱֳĸ˷ܡ
ԪҪôڼУҪôڳεƣδ㣬һ֣ͬڡ
˵̫ˣһǸϳӺơ
һֱŮŵյƳ񣬾ĵɸСҪʲôһʲôԭĵĲ°ڴʣɸס
ɸһŲɻһЦĪҪϹģСÿǺúõġ
⡭
ʱôģôдѽûʲôԹ֮⡣
ʱҲͬСв˳ģһ磬ơ
ɸ翴磬εѽǸʲôúõģҪŪ¡
˵ţ̹Ȼصͷ·
ҵˣҵòԹġҲûʲôãٲ֮ǰ㣬Ϊƶǡ
ǣȴҲɣɸЦĸӲá
ϣԲŮɲΪˡͿԷģϳԪʲôӣ硭
ɸ˵ɣЦòá
ǣУȴޱȵܣؿһĳ鴤


238 椵
ɸֻʮꡣһʮŮ˵ƿһĻ
ƽ۳һʮŮУɲǳ죬ģӦһֿɱɣ
ǣʲô취أ˵ķ٣ľɸһҺ־ܵҮ˰һ֧ġ
СãҪ˰ɣͻȻڣ˵ȴɸἰĶ
ɸûжУֻİ
Ծ§סɸļһСʱ§ˣһ
ڣҲΨķʽů
룬ɸŤ壬磬ҿѾ˵СŶҪҵС
ԶнֵѤöĿϡɫ̻ԪϦҹգСһǵãȴ˵ѹ

ȻصһֱȵҹҲԽ֪ǻزˡ
ΣֻùţطЪϢ
׿ϴˮְϴ˽ţѣŽߡ
һס˯ɣ
Ի֮ȿɾûѲʱĴˣҸ˯Լݡ
׿ɫһ죬ˮˡ
Ƕɣ˵
׿ŤֻѰѽŵһߣ˵ƣź·һ˽
ᱧסʮسһ

ɡ
šӦš
ոҹе״ʣ𣿡
Ⱥ׿ǴЩʫ˴ʵġ
ǸҵСԴдڴ֮һֱûô˵һֱĥ
Ʋ죬ֿô֪
о
ооʲô
žشģһֵġ
ȺٺһЦĸо׼ġ
֣û
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ʲô
ȻѩƽƣЦӯӯȥ

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أ
оǡȴյ׿ϣ
Ѱǧٶȡ
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治
˵
ðɣȶ˶ž׿ꡣ
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ߵŮӣȴĵ׵ˡ
ҹˣǧٴѰңȴڲһ׼䡭

׿оԼĶˣ˵ļǴɵһθдء
ȵǸҵȵˣԭһֱߣڵƻĵطҡ
˵꣬ûֻ׿ƹһ㣬˵ײĿڡ
ȰЦŮ˰ס黰
ҹɫž׿˻ġ
ɡȰϳڿһҪһġ
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׿֮˵ľͲԼˡ
ĳɡȻףȴڱ
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׿
֪쵰˵ʲôû

ڶٽ磬ԽŴ
һһ㶣ΪȡӺ;׿Ҳڡ
һžƣһζؿ
ٲǾҪȥˣ˵ʹڱŮȥ
Խ첻׵ֵм伷˸λ
أ챧ĳλŮ壬ӳȥ
㣡׿ĲС˵û㣬ݺݵԽһۣطˡ
Խĵһ䣬Ծ
ɩӣԽ
޷׵ˣóԸˣ
٣Խûûɧһ֣תͷֵܵŮ˻ǷŵÿСүǿˡ
һüë˼ǣҶġ
Щ˵ֻȺͺӻǳ磬ֵܶѾмҵˣĶӶеˡ
ǵ£ǸȵĻ⡣
סĶˣȥû㡣
ԽҿԭǾô룬Сү¶
۾һΪأزģ¶ô
û¶Խһ˦֣˯ڵ¥ջĶûȥܳʲô¶
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ؿһԽŴ
ͻ̨飬
ŶԽ˷ܴУǸǧ𰡣Сүû˼ʣֻǸСء
ǲԽû뵽Ǵǧôš
ǺǡЦ㵱ʲô¶
أԽԡ
ļ򣬡Ҫϲ㡭
Ѿʹ󶨺ܶҵĹӳ󣬵һҹɹȦˣ


239 ˡס
ϲѾʹҵĹӳ󣬵һҹɹȦ
һ仰ֱӰĺþ˳ȥ
ʲô
Խһֻĸһ鴤
㣡㣡ɶ˼
ѾЦòУûɶ˼Сӽޱɣ
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Ǿûˣǻͻ̨ŮҮõķˡ
գԽ񱻲β͡
Ǹмҵģ
СҲû˵Ѽ˸˰Ҫ֪Խ˵ʲôҲܸɰúõķ£ôͳ˹֮ˣ
ģĺ˾Ǹܲϱ˯Ҳ˯ûƴ
ӻأԽǴˣܻ֪ġ
Խļ򣬱ЦҲ˵ޱǷи֣ɰɣ

һ㲻ܵܲԽô˵ԽԽơ
ôҹ֮ǰСүǴаôøӸˣ
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ޱ񣬴ǰ󶨸Ү»ĴҮãҲŵԡңޱǴ󶨹֮ŵϺŵ˶ʱҮûʵһ
ǣ˭֪ûãҮ֮ʱˤһˤȡ
ȣӺܴ࣬˲𣿡
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ʶһۿɣ˵ˤˣҲǸ
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ҮñǸ˻ţ˶ˣǹܲסޱˡޱû֮ǰͲʲôŮ꣬˷ˣǻζˡ
ʲʲôζԽѾоãĴҡ
ô˵ɣһӡ¥׶ţרǸޱԤĿͷרŻᡮסġ

桭ס
ԽӽźǱˣСүͳɡסˡ
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ͷɶСأ
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үԽֱˤ˱ӡôֵһİ
ȥɱǵ
һˣ졣ʵ滹һء
𼱣𼱣һԽһ߰˼ɾװ֪㼱ʲô
ۡ
ʵǱﲻסˣǣֲȫѧ¶ˡ

ԽŸһ˶ЦϺס
׿ﻹ֣Ⱥʲôôģ

ôεһĺˣȴԵһԽǳˣڷü춼û
ԴˣȴûʲôûȰ
˺Ůˡܡ˵˭Կ˭ռˡ˵Ҳ˲Խ
һɣҪɳë֯ǰѾˣһֱҲûʲôչһֱ¶
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󶨻ǰѾ׼׵ˣֻûлƷפˣҲ⼸죬ûôǱڣùٿš
Žѹʹӣиȱʵ˼ôţҪİ塣
Ϊûֱӽ󶨵ˮ·ڱڣֻܴת½·
¶ʮݣжתҪܽ󶨡
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ԣ̶ӽ죬ֵİմӳһֱŵ̵ſڡŽŵĲᣬͨˣ˵ӡǲ̫á˵Ӳᵱ־ɣ
ڻǰ³ͼӭӵĺͯ¡
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˱Ѿſӭǡ
˽С
Ҳϻࡣ
˵ɣʲô¶Ҫһˣ


240 ̰İƤ
٫˵ŽѹɱˣȾ֪û˵ô򵥡
ȷʵţŵǮ̫һ©˷ͲС¡
ǣҲûǵھͱ˵ĵزңҹܵⶼѾ죬Ҳٰʲô
Ȼ٫˵ҲŽһҪĹɶһ˴ɰ

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ȥһᣬִ⡣̣Ҳˣ浱ǳ͢ƿ˰˵һ㣬һ㡣

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Ĳᣬתͷһ룬񲻶Ծ˵İƤӦòȱǮŶԡ
ȥ꣬ȱһһİٶƿһ飬
ټפʹ֮󣬳͢ݲפôˣȥ곷Ѿʡ²°򡣶ңפʹʹȥܣͰʹķʡºܶࡣ
Щһ飬ǽ߰ĺơ𿴴һĲ˰ǧᣬȥѣСүĹٺְǮܶǮʵࡣ
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뵽ȲɵİƤǮ
ĺһֱЦεƴֻܽСİƤҲš
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ټҾھˮ֮ǰѻƺ֮óʴǮģֻˡ

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¹شλҪȵȻ˵ڨЦųôˣ
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ɣ£Լȥɣ磡

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Ҳǳɸӣԭϱ߼ˣҪ˵Щ£дˡ
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Žһ⼸λӦþɳĴӵܣֻðϵİȻĺһˡ

һߣҲͰ
ɸʮǸһóףǸƸ鷳ˡ
Сãôֲˣ˵
Ⱥ޲
Ƕȥˣûź㣬Լȥˮȡ
գһᳵ·ȥҵġˡ
ǰһ˲ᣬЦ
ļҵǿģ
һƲ죬ʲôܿģӹģ֪
˹̺ϲ̨棬µ⻹治˿䲻˿
˵׻ǲԭ壬ǿߣҴŷϲֻϿŻӵء
Ȱдš̺ϡļ˲ʣµһӡ
㿴
˵ţȻ޵оâһҲ֪ʲô⡣

ȻÿҲţһͷ˿
洫ţӺʮ꣨꣩ʼңͷѾϳ뿴ǲġ
ǣ˲ᷭһӻ֮ˣҲûˡ
Ϻӷȥࣺʮᡣ
⻪ִˮһǧᣬӯһһʮᡣ
пҵЭĻʮ᣻𡢰׷¥ӯʮ򡭡
ǻ˵İɣһż˴ֿڡ
˸ӣ
ôһôǮ


241 ѩ
ܲ
ɷԱ˿ڽǧɳһĲ˰ҲİǮ
Ӻһˣ
һˣ
һ˾趥ϴһ뻹˰ˣ⼸߸֪
ǰ˵˸ûʲôӺҲû̫Ĳ
ǿˣе벻ףһĵ̣һˮôܴﵽǧ֮ޣӺƱԼС꣬ôƿôĲƸ
һȣԼʮ񶼻ȥˡ
һԵɸҲǲ첻ѡԭ͸һϳС磬ʣô顭
һı飬򶨵΢΢һЦ
ôǮ־ŵˣ
صͷȷŵˣʮֵĵҴɣʵ۾ôĲƸ־Ͳ»
һЦִˣƿزƸҪĲǵֶΣ֮Ҳûûб
ŶΪֵ֪ʲôֶΣϳʵ۷İôĲƸϣ
ȸҡͷ˵
죬ԼʶˣҲӺƹװӡʵûôĲƸҲûʲôֶΡ
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Ȼҡͷĵط͸ˡ
ЦĶıȴλࣿѵҴɣ
ƶһǣ˵ˡ㸸ҪȤң
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ٺټЦµơ
˵ǸƸ¶ʣȴסˡ
˵Щ֮ͭΪʲôˣ
е㲻⣬أλĿģ
һСòǽǰ⡣
ԭԪ֮ҹɸ˵ޱȣֵȴôҲĨЦⱳĿɬ֮˶Сøǰٰ谮Ŀ֡
ٹվɸҪʲô
ɸЦӺƵס㡷
ǣֵһҧ챳żиĸСô˳
Ҫ֪ڵʳҮɺпȡҮԪϵλ
һɸΪǵۺĲѡʱҸҪСץѱΪŮһС⣬Ⱦϰϵ⡣
ԣֵܰôȥһ˵ǵ˺ܴյġοϳԺָǱ֮˵˵塣

һǵ⣬˵Ҳû¶ģΪ˸ǳҴºⶼˡ
ǣһ뵽ɸȷʵͦģȵˣȥ١
˵ţߡ
ֻߵʱȴǼġ̺ϡ˲ỹ
Ǽ˳Ʋסĵ򿪿Ӻ˿ĲƸôǲ˿Ķֵײʲôܡ
ħƵĻ֣Ǽ˲ᡣ

磬Сþһ
ۿҪ˲֮ʱɸö𣬰һ

Сþһллó
ջ͸ɸĻڵıɴ·𿴵е鶯ǻۡ
εضƱΪֻǺ棬СüЦˡ
֮ûʲôڵģϴɴɸҲȻһЦСðʧŶԣСֻǲʧȥӺλѡ

硢Ӻ㣬ϱʳ޾ཻ̹ѣӦúİɣ
ɸ֮о㽺ĽѣһҲС
ֻǱ޹˲ᣬαΪһֵۣ֮أ
ɸһﾪˣȵ꣬ȷʵһҪöࡣ
Ϊðʧˣ

ȳʱٱͬ
ɨһϵ˲ᣬȻԽԽãѣǿˡҪʱݣҪþƺò˵дÿʹףˡѲ
ЦǵҪֵԶһ㣬ȻŹ㣡
ɸǿеļ񣬡ƼҸȻٵġ
ȵҼ٣ɫб𣬵Сһ֪
˵꣬ǰᱧһҡ
ɸ粻ǰһСŽįǺ˵ѣǱͷ٣㾫ͨ
ȵѹٵȴκ֪ͬ͸һ˵Ŀ顣


242 ߺ͹
±δȴãԭ
캮ضڹ֮С
ȵĸٵ˷·֮£̲֮࣬ţȺ֮С

Զų
ˮݻ

ɸЩˡһװ磬ʱУȴ·һԭӣ٣ң̵ĲԭϷ߸衣
߿ĵӣŵ˲ݵ㡢ţ˻

ƺȸ
ҹ

һգɸһԲҲɵˡ
ԹԡզϳдģӦҴǶдĲŶ԰
Ҳ̾ҪȥԭϿʱٳ֮ٷһ
ȰٷŵһߣȻЦĶôţȾƣȾƣ
ʵѾĲˡ
ڰĲŻˣ
ƼҸļĶ
δɸͻȻڣ˲һ͡
һ룬԰Ϊˣôᳪ˸вԭζĸ
ȷ¾Ʊҵļ硭ңԶ˵Ҳգ
ɸһȵıѣȴ͸һ˿ˣ˵һζ

ȴʲôͬһ㡷˵£ټϾƾӿһʱҲ衣
ǿɲôֵܶһ߳һһӾ
Χǰֳɸ綼ΪҵľˣҲһӡ
ģǺϵס¥
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أҲʶʲôרҵġ
Ϊû٣ɸֻ峪Ҳһһ㶼Ⱥԭңȹƣɸ糪δʣӦҲڴεһ˶ϧ֮¡
ɸ峪ȲԾر˼Ϊࡣ
ͣһ̨סֵܳճյţ̲סһۣ˽ԴӶԷп𾪣мϧ
вڡɽˮ֪ĵʣѧ䣬ȴѶ⡣
Ȼʱ˵أɸӺƣһһ棬Ӧþν֪ɣ
ֻϧ
ӺƲǲɸ಻ڣţǾû١ǻس˵֮ˡ

Ʋҡ
Ҳáȥȡһ̳ǧ
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ô
㿴СáԽˡԽ㣬Ǹ˸͸¶䡭
Щ죬ⷬӦ˵Ŷ԰ɣܺʱҲˣ
ҲɡҲ֪ǶǴ
Сúܿ֡
Ҳԣһ죬֪һȵԡ
ЦžٱӺ˵ûҪܽ죡
Сǿֵģ

ᣬֵܿʼһһĶԹࣻһߣɸȴ˸оһ¥գĻ¶һ˭Ц⡣ȴ룬ȸûͣ˼Ҳһٴ
ɸϸֻǱеӣҲ̲סӺ߳
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ˬˣ꣬ûʹ
˶Ǹţ
ǣֻԼ֪Լ˼ʶ˶һ㣬Դתÿһ֮⣬ʵƨǡ
ִ֪ǣûһʹĶģ
֪Ϳ͡ǣûһںΪʲôͿԲЩǺԭ
֪Ե޹ʾͻᳪһЩֵֹӡǣû̽ΪʲôҪΪʲôᳪ
Һ񶼺ĸԴֻע˽
ԣȻķˮǮ˵ǸɵйҲΪ
Χߵģ壬Ȩڹҫǧš
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˭ĵףвƸ궼ⲻĹ¶أ
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ΪһԽߣվĸ߶Ⱦߺ͹ѡ
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СŮҲĹ¶
ƼҸļ絽ʲôӵأ

ˣҲˣͣ
ɸһ仰һ
ûϵģƼҸǲ˵ԲǿֻǺ棬Ƹļ٣黳ǻһĵطأ
һʱ
ңƸһ˿

Ƹ٣ܾáƸСá
ɸһ¡
һˡ



243 ûǮ
ƿǵĿĻڵĳ嶯뿴Ǳɴ󵽵һ˫۾
̾һתͷѾĲʡ£Ȼڣ
硭
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ļܴкööˣǳ֡ҲΪ˳ԱӶ׷ǸߵƷʣɵʽǿϷɣһԺΣǱԨҲǧ֮⴫˲Ϣ֮䡣
ŶˣǻͲ֣ͬԲԭ裬Ҳ֮ǱָԽĹḻֻԼһ𣬲ÿŻ֮ҲѧңȴԼͬļ⣻ǲ˽ԼŬ˽磬ǿա
˵׷䡣
ɸԽԽ棬̲ס廰ƼҸԭǴɾأ
һЦԣֻ
ɸЦʵСҲһС磬С硣
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šɸʲôӺ񶼿ԡʵǸĲأСԼ
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Ϊһ˼ʱˣȱʱ˸ⲻˣһʮŮͯΪʲôҪô࣬ڸոֻʮ缸ʮһ㿴ơ
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šɸ羲š
Ǹһӣޱߣ
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죬˵꣡
װŭɸȻ˫ֹصطϥϣΣȵġ
ӳ󣬵˵һ仰Һϲ
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˵ֹǰĹңʫԶ
ʫԶ
ɸһ˼Ҳ仰
ӣҪǰĲҺĹҡʵ㣬ÿһ˶ԼĲ빶ҡһԶҲ羰ǰЩĲԸЭڹңǾȥȥеʫԶ
ðɣ˵ˣȸое㲻ԡ
Ȱ˿ɲҹȻʺ˵̡
ɸȵġ¡ǳ񣬿


ֵǳ׺ȶˣ׿˻֮ǺӺͻظġ
Һݽղڸϣɸ͵͵Ҳֻĸ˶ߡǣɸҲǼΪ簮ֻû

С˵ʲôˣ
֮С
׿һʰŲо֣һʵ
ȴ㶵ػصû˵ʲô
Ϊʱ鲻̫أ
ȵԲ˫ۣңضñô֪鲻ԣ
׿ô֪֪
ף
һüë˹ȥԭǳԴѽ
׿һŤצӣ˭Դˡˣ
ȴӱļ˲ǣ֪ģҶûСѾͷƬްϲġ
׿ɫһ죬ɫߣ
֡

ڶ죬ȻûжԭĺŽһˡ
֪岩ǵ¶Ҳ·ͳ˷䡣
ŽĻͷ
ʹݵ͵ȴɵľˣͬ⣬ǱߣܹҲ÷Ǯ๫
û˵
Ϳˣµĸ⣬ȥһپʮᡣʮתڳһʮǮ
ͷҪڹ̺ϣڴιת˼ڹȥһʹٶ
ͷһڿԶõʽﵽİ
ǣôһһģ͢ҲǸ¶
ԭļƻУҪʽۻһȥһµġ
İƤö٣
룬޺¶ǮȲò
Žе㲻˼ڡ
ȥͽȫӯ
ȥүģȲû
˸ӣŸտͷӾͿʼˣ
Ҫý̺Ӱõôࣿ
ŽĵӼķȷʵ̺ܴ󣬺ķѼܹ࣬˺˹Ϊˡȷʵôࡣ
ʲô
ӣ֮ˮ
ӣһôôأ
Ž֪ûʲô͵ԭǻƺ֧ӱȥӿˮʺϺӹ
ӿƻ
ʮƣŽҲ˵ס۾Ͳˡ
ֱӾŭˡ
ӼﶼʺʮСӾݴ֮ˮȥ
İƤţ˵ûǮǮҲӵĹӣ


244 Ʒӿɲ
һֱã֮һͨǨԭʷ켣òˡ
˵ͲǣҶԳ͢ӰȻڣ
磬䨲û˹飻
磬϶״Ԫ
ֱ磬ǸСɽ壬ǻۡԴһ
ԣȴӲ¸ʷҲûԭʷȥӰΡ
ǡ
еʱ򣬻ô
ӣȻǿвҷһεʷ̨
ԭʷ켣УΪӺƣ˹ǼֿĻ裬شΰ뾳ɳԶû
ҪŰѴֵŻΣֱǸʱ򣬴ξŲò޺֮ճ̡
ѡģӣ
֮ش֮ˮȥ
û뵽ʷ䲻ֱͬ˳ʹǰ˺ü꣬ɻǳ˵Ұ֮С
İƤ붼ˣӵǮڵϣǸϹڵģ
Žһû뵽ȵķӦô
кβף
ŽһʣȻûشܸܲӸУ;˰ɣ
¶ں벻ףӿʮ岩͸öԲУŻôһСӹȥƺӣ
ǲУҪǷޣȰѺƲˣܲУҪǮҪҲˣҰ
ôһ˵ŽҲû˵ˡ
˵ǲ٫˷ǰҲ˵˲㡣
һ̾ͼֵȥİģ˵޺Ӳһʱһȥиõ޺֮߸
ŽĵͷǸģô˵ôˡ
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شΣǻؿ⣿
Ž㶵𣿡
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ԣټѾպüˣ˵ĵͷܹǲ̤ʵ
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㻹ǿһЩɣ˿˵ˣ֮ǰҪǻȥټҿܾҪǿȥˡ
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ҸټдŰɣʡ˼ҵǡ
Ⱥ治ΪԳ͢ҪԲżȥȵСġ
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Уӻɳͣ㣬𷢷裡
ðɣʦ˽Ұ
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Թ̵ģӺҾ治ܶȣһأһأ
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ģʹˣӺǻģײڸϣֻĸ֪
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ˣˡĸ֪˵ʲôˣ
ĸ׵û˵ʲôֻ˵´СЩ¶š
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УһڴӦǰѹ뷿ȥҲ㡣
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ȴ룬ɸ粻ȥף

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ɻǵãӺ˵ڴɿȴθǮ
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ɸһ죬Ҳû
͵Ʒӵķ軰ҲţһĲ˰ҲİǮϳʮ֮һﲻڴڴôܣǴţġ
ɸҡͷһʮܸϳˣǲ˵ġ
ǺҲһĿġ

ɸһˣһֱֻӺǺˬֵܣȴı¡ˣ屳ģһޱȾ
ðĻתףǲǷ軰Ҳøȥжϡ
ڴˣһָı²ۣ
ôүǶһСǻۣҪɸڣСүⷭľ׷ˡ

˵ߡ
ŽҪȴ󶨻ҵ֮ٻشΣԺеʱһͬ緹ĺʹȥˡ
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245 ̯
Үɺžʾ׿治֪ɵǼ㶡
Ȳص²ȵİ
Үɺһ漴Цһ㲻ֵܣ˵ﻰȻֵ̽ܵģ
ߡ
һЦûнӻ
ԶԶվԼſڣԹۣɫԣԾֱӡ
ԽҲųˣһֻץſָڷס
ǰѪȣŵġ
ദôʱ䣬̫֪ˣЦô˵һӣǾӶöµʱ
ǣǴɰɲڴǰ޼ɵ
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ֱ̯ƣѾʧȥģһοԣΣҲˣ
Σ֣

ҮɺϵˮԼԼһеļǳȥš

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ˣڴδȢޣһ˵ֻߵʹŮŮ
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Цһɵ״ڹ۶ϣŮˣȷʵҪע
ɵҲӦҵŮˡ
ҵŮȢûȢûϵĻʹǴɻҲУ𣿡
⻰ڱϣҮɺ͸ҵɱ
ӺƣҪҴɡҮɺɫ䡣
ҲҪλһŮ˱һҪ
ӺϳҪǿ磬ʹΪϧˣ
ЦˣΪҪҲһ硣
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Ϊˡ˵ţֱָӶҮɺıǼϡ
㣬Ļλһᣡ

ҿүģ
ԽǳʶˣڸоһķΣѪһһ϶Ǹ˭ҷڰ

ҮɺҲܣ۽һһĵֱ飬ôضһյĹ
ѾһŮ˵ˣȸָıӡвһ㣬ϳ˾;ܻųɡ
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ҵ˼˵ϳʵصĺˣ߾һˣңҪȢΪޡ
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Խ㶵ʶؿ׿ķ䡣
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ɣҮɺ˵žߡ
Ѿڴɣ㣬кô֤õġ

ȵȣ
һ䴫һֱδľ׿
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ҲɱӺһҲɱҡԣһҵģ
׿޷˵ûȷʵɱڲңԺҲҡ
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׿һذڣû¶һվһԡ
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ϲҰж͵Ұޡѱҵս˯õŮˣһǱģ
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ҮɺЦȥؿ𸡵ľ׿ʹľˡ
ɡ
һỽѾˣȻ㶵վﲻ
Ȼع͵һ˦ͷ
ԽȥŽĽ
ӣֽ
Խܲȸ۽ˣȥȶ
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246 
ɣô죿Ӻ;׿ѾЩš
̧ͷ˿ˣ׶˼

ɫһ࣬ǵ۴ˣ
׿Ҳһҧȥ֮ȥͶ
ͣ㣡ҪǶס򣿡
Ǵɵ˵³̰
Ƣͼ˵ӲɫȴãֻҲڷ
ⲻ֪ȸľͲһ¡
ҮɺʵǸ߹ѱȵɱ
˵ﻰ׿ǵ˳¶ȥǻӰ죬Եʹѵز׾׿ܱܲ˵
Ϊʲô
ΪڵѾ˺ʹλȨйİ󶨡
Ȱ̺ôʱֻҪûаͲΪһɽô
Բܼҡ˼ҡΪ׵ļţзεһϳȳȥ
ǣȻҮɺвΪʲô˰죬信أ
ĹؼȱҮɺץס˰ѱڣҮɺôץסȵİѱģ
Ҫ飬Ǿͼˡ
һɻӣܰԶڴεȲô͸Ҫ˵ϳ֮û˲ӦŰɣ
ɳ̽ܡ
ʱϺӴĴ񶼲֪׿ĵϸ̽ôܲôϸ
˵Үɺ֮̽˾ͨ죬ڴκܿҲȨƼ֮ˡ

Щǹؼؼʱ䡣
һ뵽ʱϵ΢ȼֱǼ
Թǰ󲻹һ¶һ㣬ջʱҮɺȵĵˣع·Ͼ͵һµʱ䡣
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κþͺڲѷ˭ҲȲ㡣
ڴΣϢˣһһµ˼άֲ衣⣬Բ
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棬һˮҲûҲһС鶼ûûаԡ
д֮ȱʷ治ͣдһ⣬Ǹ͵ġ
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247 
ŽĲ棬ë֮ͨĴ⣬Ϊβֱɵ۽Ӵţǰô棬ɵӦñĳ¸׽ܲŶԡ
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ģǶ
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ʲô飬˿Ҳ񲻳
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ǿŮɷ򰡣㲻ֹҲӦݰɣ
ôԡ
ô˵ĻѵڸУʲôŮأŮҲΪ˻𣿡

Ůأ䣬
ɸһʼ¸˵һĴ𰸡
ֻǣɸעҪ
Ϊԥûԥش
ϷѾͳȥһŮˣ


248 Ц
˵ﻰ֪þݣҲ֪ԼΪʲôʳôһ䣬ûøŮ׶ĵز
ǣʹôˡ
Ҳôˡ
ϷѾͳȥһŮˡ

񲻳ڵɸʲô飬ʶһ˲ķвЩڡ
һʮСѾͷ˵⻰ǲЩ̫ˣ
үذɣ
ֶǡһ㵡˵ô˵УҲ˵УֱӾҪͿˣ
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ǣһĨЦ⣬⳼йҪд

ݸȰȰ͸Үɺȵӣ㲻ѪͷҲúúö䡣
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һ鶼ûˡ
ݲǸ׻ҲǴɶУʱնС
ȻʶԼȦӲУɹֻԼ̫ŸոսӴѡ

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ֶ֮ˣ壬ϷڼеֶϢֶͨʱ֧һϷ
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СޱΡ
ӱԲ֪һ֪
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Цǲ֪ǣʦı²ǡ
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Ҳ˵ȵġ
ǣһ²ڴ֮ǰȴֹۣλʦҲеǿƵʵ
οƾʫѧԲۼʫӹдʿ߹ʫʿҵһֱЧ΢ѧԼԼʧȥģҵǰ
ˣʵΪοôأ
˵ϳǴɣڵĿƾҲʫʫãǿ붼롣
Ϊʦȵʦһ˭Ҳ벻顣
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ףһһٵش
ף˲졣ʮʿ׶ģ
ȼ߹Ϊ˶ѧǵʫÿտ϶Ҫ˳⣬ʫдǿȻʦ⣬ܷ
һΣʦҵΪҲʫУˣ˼һҹ׼ڶ콻
룬ڶʦû߹ó֮ʱʦ⡣һҹ֮Ȼĺúܶ࣬߹Ϊ⣬ݺݵؿҫһ
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ллĺ⣬СˣҲࡣ
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ǣСһʡ

ƸҲЭֻһʲôأ
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װ


249 ûǮ򲻵ĵ
ȴʱҮɺ۾гһϸߡ
̵ģñСôʱ䣡
ֵܣôļӣôʱ
һƲ죬˯


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һҪţＷ˵ʲôҲõһ棬ϴǳ˿ġ
۾һǽʲô
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Үɺ죬˵׼

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ÿһ򡣡ظһΡ

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ļλҲе¡Ǿãһ̫ˡɸ۲ѣΪԼŮÿ껨һ򡭡
棡Үɺҡˡ
棡ǮҪϻλܸ֮㡣
Үɺ۾һ˶ˣҪ㣿
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ֻʣ°ҵɢȥһ롣һģҲǾˣ߬ŵǸ롣ԣҵڲڴɶ붼ûӰ죬Ϊֻһصβã
Үɺͷ˼ֵҪԼͰѾƸˣȸǮ˵㲻ӦҲѾ֪ˡ

һ
ϻλһɺܶ顣

Σ
Үɺ͵ĸɵҾƣһΪ
˾ƣЦøӲá
һΪ

ڵɸվſȥ
СãҪæס
Ҫȥ
ȥ
ĻɸȻһЦóţزظҪˣһΪ𣿡
ƸΪԼϲ㾡ƸȴΪ˲Ƹϲˡ
ȥ˿ʲô룬ҵʱ򣬱һɣ
˵ţɸ粻һƿ˷ţ
һˣ湻ҵġ
æ׷˳ȥ
ֻ
ֻɸ߳ȥģҮɺüһϣһ㻬ȥ

ֵܸҲؿҮɺӵ¡
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ֻӺһ߸ߣһѰҮɺϳһš
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ҵҵŮˣ
飡
ӵǮôõģһߣһǽһġ
ʯ
Ʒӡ
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250 ׼
ȲȰ˵ģ˰죬ֵ³¶ǰס
׿ҲǺ޺޵Үɺһţ۵Үɺһߺߡ֮󣬲סȣˡ
ûˣ˵ˣ
ɸҲһƽ񾲵̬һԿֱЦԽԽѾЦֱ
ȴŴװŭЦǴδĻʵ㻹ЦӦýƴǣ
ҲЦˣ㻹֪ɣδĻʵۣһɡ
磡ɸĻЦתȵһɸء
֣Үɺķңɶ˵ģ
˵ɲݣҮ嶼ݣôҮɺôĳأ
ϽȥҿҪˡ
ɸɴһͷɵػˡ
ոշЦΪʵڸ㲻Ӻˡ
Գʹɳķˮ
־ļҵ
һҹĺôʣҲд㡷ǰĺ˵ЦɡĻ
ôӺʵǲ֮š
ǣͬʱҲܸɳġݵ飬ѲʱƿڴҮɺȻɵйߡ
⵽һ˰

˽ݣմŹϣȡһѽ
ۣ
Ц硣
Ӻƣ
һңһйƽֻһУɣ
˳š
ҲﲻסЦĴָȱȻţţ
ΪȱΪСóҲĻ󳩡
ʹ죡˵ţϵľ̳͵Ҫȡ
𣡡һѶ룬һۡ
ҩġ

㣡ֵܶе㲻ˡ
Үɺҩ
ΪأҪһ͵Ʋ죬˵ɺҩĸ

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ɸҲȥȵǷȰοЦɣʱ˿̾Цɡ

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٣ʱҲô˵ģ˼ҷͨʹ˵ˣЩҪǻֲ飬ʹҲشˡ
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ԽסʹǱߣҪطûпճ䡣
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ҡͷڼˡ
ӣҮɺ̸׹Ļ
˵κһϢˣ⺩ȴ˵û׼
ȶž׿˵ʲô
˵鱨ˣڵʵһˣ
̸һ˵Ӧʵÿһ򡯣ʱҮɺһ٣˵ȷûʵ
׿˵ʲô
˵鱨ˣûиĵϸҲ˵̺йصû˵
׿ǺͿȽ͵˵һЩһЩ˵ȥģڴɴΪĲݣ£ҶԳ͢Ҫԣ
ҮɺϢֻǵͨɣǾͲѡԵй¶ȵϢ˵ĿĲͨɣĿľŪȣ
ֻû뵽ǣҮɺ̽ȵĿҲܳΪһŮˡ
أһһٵص
׿һӾˣô죿е
ҡͷôһȨλأĵ˶ڰɾܳˡ

ʱԽˡ
ǻ
ֱԣҪؼˡ
ԽһˣƵطͲˣһˡסôһ¶͸Դްˣˡ
֮ǰһ֮ǰһ¶ȥ졣
ңԽָԼˣɶ¶ǵҰ
ȺٺټЦʱ䣬Ǹޱҹ𣿡
ûУԽһ¡
㣬Ҫ
ֲõԤУһּΪõԤС


251 ױο
һᡮޱ֣ͬԽβͣһ߸ߡ
㣬Ҫ
ЦܸȻ¶
ԽžۼУƨ£ǵʲô¶
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˵Լ͵飬ܵи͵ӰɣܲĿŵɣޱĿŵ͵СԽҵʹȥˡ
Խ˼ҵϵѫ󣬱һСǶˡס¶͹˵ˣҲЦŶ㵽ʹȥġ
˭֪¿ɺãǶ㿪ˣפʹݶ֪ġ¡ŪԽɱ˵Ķˡ
Ҹ˵±˵Ҹ㼱ޱʲô¶
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תݣ̧ӡ
Խһһ㶣ﶼǻƽ
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˵ҼһҲûһãҲѾõѡˡ
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ҪǴشΣСүͲˣҸֱӵˡ

һӲĲУֻˡ
סԽļԽһ飬ʹ㿪ף
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Խ۾һҲ˯Ҫ˯Ұ
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Խˣһᡰס֣Դۡ
ᣬᡣȸСƵġ˵
˯ʲô
˯Ͳʲô𣡣˯˻Ǯ͵ˣ
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ðɣ
ү־ǲᶨһ룬Ҳԣ˯˸ǮСү͵˯ͷˣͲѽ
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ȼ͡ȥȥ
Ϻţȴڴôˣ˭֪˭˵Ҫ°ȴԼҪôһƾͶˣ

ԽӣǣôӣҲ˵װ
Խԥˡ
һһߵɶҲ˵ǮȽԵԺõŵʱ˵
ԽһɣǻУ
˵꣬ӾԼߡ
~ȥˣȥɶ
ԽͷأСүʲôݣȥ
ȼˣ㲻ȥôôͳȥ
Űɣȥʹݣ죬׼

ԽӽȥˣϷţųһĴָܺư
ƨȺһڡ˸ӣôǮûôѾ

ڶ죬ȥһʹݣ÷Ҫεݸɵۡ
ʹҲ˵߾ߵģôҲú˵һм仹ǣû¡һµģ߲ˡ
ޱûʧڶȻˡ
ȵʹݣһԽڹ󣬾׷˱
Խ䲻ԸУîžԼסݱοͣǾͱӸޱˡ
Խ帰ԼпԽСӡѧ˰

Խޱ˵¥׶ŷһݣûŮ˳ȥޱ
Щӣūūˡ
Խһƿŭ㣡
뵽ȵУ֧ȣ˵¶
ޱһЩɫһΨϳСɾһĳ࣬ƽȤ⡣
ԽϣɣҪ˵ʲô£ҪȢūūūūҪúأ
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ԽôţϸûкɫԽֻ˵꣬Ȼˡ
Ӵ򿪣ʱޱǰһӲӵĹۻ
ɣ
ԽӺɣûݻҳҰ䶫㣬ת㸸ҡ
ޱһϲûԽ˼֪з֮
ô˼ʹôص񣡡
Խĵţţ
ţšޱæӦţ̬
ɣô
Խֱ㡣
˵ˣǧѾûˣֻЩH֮顣Ƚ¾Ƴѣûȥ
ǸأޱЦźӣתԽ
ûˣ
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ޱƵڵأԽžףĵԽԽȥˣŮ¶Ҳ˸ɵģ
㣬û°ɣ
ֻޱ泯ڵϣ˫Ŀûо۽شŴ
Խֲ֪֪Ǻã뿪
ңˣ
˭֪һת;һ׺ͷһޱűүĴ̧ͷмҪˮ
ˤ˼Һء


252 
ޱһĸо
Ϊɹ֮ŮСͽȥ˵˴Ǽ֮¡ǵСʱСĻһӣ׾Ͱ̷Ůū˸տܡ
Ů֮£Ļ֮ݵ壬棬Ҳʲôľٶ
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ޱ˫ĿԽȣūūҪ
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ӿЩſȻСү
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ӼԽţ
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Ůƹһ죬Ӧǲ豭һأԽĺԼҷ˵Ľʱʱмž죬ŮūæԶԶġ
˵ϳôȱжҰ

˰ʱԽǽشӴ˳
̵ģСү浱β㣡
ֱԽޱָͷ붯̱ڴϡֻ۲ʼû뿪ԽΡ
ԽƲһۣһתӻһӵϡ
ģ
Ӻ͵ģ㣬СүԼǮ
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˵꣬Խţۻˡ
ȴ㶵վУһۡ
㡭𣿡
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ҡͷҾ˵ѧˣ
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С
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мžɸһ䡣
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֪ΪΣɸ˵ĸо
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ŶʮҰɣѾݽˡ
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𣿡

ҡͷ֪
ǽƼҸ͸Сýΰɣ
㶵ʲô
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ɸԽԽ﷢
⻰ȥЩȺɸֳҲˡ
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ϱܴ˴һԶ
ο֪أ
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ޱ飬صϳûһҵˣ벻кηֱ𣿡
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ȲΨпЦ
÷ڷǰپңʾ֪СòҰҲ˰ɣ
ɸʶػס٣Ƹ滵Сଣ

ʱԽӷһۣת߬ˡ
Ƚеһɣеġ
ǲϰɸ
Խһû˵ԹԵ
ɸɵ˹ôˣ
ûôء
ܲ˵ɸ˵Խ׵Żû˦˸ؿζ̬Ļ
ѾԼˣһԣƲϵӡץˣǲġ
ɸҲԽ飬ƻظȡ
ҵˣƸ֮ǰҪȼĴڸ
ΪʲôȲ⡣
ΪƸ绹ҪٸСѽ
俴Ļµı飬һʮƤġ
Ц٣ã֮ǰһСʲô
ʲôУʲôأ
һɸ˵һӣָᶯת
ǰ
Żꡣ
¸ꣻ
ǵˮ
Щİʱ⣻
Щš

ɵͳ
ֻǣβͬ
ǰȶǿЩԭ裬ǹŴʸıĸһǴĺƾӵˣҲߵİɣ
ɸ羲š
ʵȵЩʲôЩʲôѾҪˡ
˵ģסһ̣סȵٵӣ֮ʱܸ
Ҳ˵ģҪһ̵ãЦɡ

ֹǰĹҡ
ʫԶҰ
ֿȭ䡣
ΪҵƬһС

ֱ߳ɸɴ
Ǹʱö
һһˣɸĬԣһصİ
ĺģ
ƹӵĸǹֵֹģСŮú棬ϳ𣿡
˾̧ͷͼһŮŶ
ޱ񣡡
ɸ羪гû뵽ڴ˻



253 ͹ٻûǮ
ˣޱ
˵ʹӺǸ˲ſһȴǺ͸ŮӶٵͨ꣬ҳӻǹֵֹġ
һ٩ֻǴĻڵŮһ죬ޱҲסˡ
ҵ˭ʹԭǡ
ޱ˵һ룬Ͳ˵ȥһҡĳɸ˹ȥ֮оǡץӴ̬
ɸҲ֪ţڲѡСֽһһʱ
ޱߵɸǰɸ磬ֿȣɸСֵ۹ⲻǸɾ
ɸɾִ٣ޱȰοӵұŮҸĵůůӣģ㲻߱ˣš
˵ɸ磬Ӷˢһ¾ͺˣǶһɻ䶼ûа
ǡȾã˵ȥˣ˵ȥܷųʲô˵˻
ôһޱ⣬ɡ
ˡɡ
һӵĺԽڷȥС
ãޱһ㶼⣬Լȥˡ
˵꣬ɸС֣ȥˣĺ¡
ȻŤ˳ָķԽ

ôˣ˭ģ
˼
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256 ٱ
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257 ˽
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׿֪⻰ζʲôƲСĸŵɸ硣
ϳɣһСԲġ
УᶨھǸŮū˿
ҲҺʹߵĲ죬Ȼɸ绹Բ

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259 
ֹһ̶ӣޱŴӳһɸû˵͹ȥֵܻϡ
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260 ˣҮɺ
ҮɺҪȵŮˣǧƣвͲûˣ
׿ûȥԼŮ˴ȥˡ
˵һҮɺ֪ϱˣεĶ˰ɣ
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빬֮ʼʮʱ䣬ڶɹĹ¼֮жȹһסԺǼξԹ֮顣
Ҳįþĵ֮꣬˼ãġʮʡʹԩһԹ֮ϡ
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261 һ
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262 Ӧ
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ѽɸ绹û𴲣ȾôؽˣһУæѱӸǵʵʵֻ¶˸СԴ档
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ͣ£Ǵӳ̧һӣ۵ڵϡ
֪ʲô𣿡
֪
һƿӣȻûȥͰʹҮɵ廨
㣬ˣҰҳʹ
Ⱥٺһ֣Ҫǲʵ³Ҳࡣ

ȼָҮɵԺӵŪѡ
ȻתͷԳнеӣɣ

ۣ
һˣһѪ˳

ôҲ


263 
óˡ
ô
ҮɵŪ֮ŵĲӣڿȲ޼Ӻ֮Ҳһʼ¡
ҲͲϻˡȿżɽȻһָҪһشΡ
ֵָܣŶġ
ʲôŶأɸߵϢҮ³֪ˣҮԪ֮Ѿ
ʵҲ֪ҮԪûʱֻܺˣס˵
Үɵڴûɳҹմ
ûѻ˵꣬ȴ֪Ͳˡ
˵˵ǵĴɡ
㣡һָãӢڴѾվҪѳˡ
ۣ
úҮɵ˵ôŪذ˭ţ
ЦɲǲšһӦȫɵڿӢµĵשҵƽ𡣡

ôһһ¾ˣӺǳв
ǹݣҵԴĲؿɼ
⻰ɵ˵ȥɡЦţԣҪʲô֤Ҿ͸ʲô֤ݡ
㣬Ҫʲôһľ壬治ġ
ʱ򣬾ǻʺҲʺ
ҮĲӢӣҲǺ£˭áҳϡȥʵһ֣
ڱֱ죬ôжҲӺõó
һõı֪йá
֪ɳسǱӴζȫģ췴
ʲôֻҪú룬ɸҮԪ֣֮ȹմҲʵˡңаôú룬ͨġ
˵꣬ĿһתҮɵ
Үɵһ£ŵ٣ٸףҮɵ䣬ҳ¶ļơ
Ȼû˵Ȳˣôɶ˼䣿˼ҵͲ£
˵һ㣬ûûҮɵȡ
һӢפͨʹУһ紵ݶǴ£Үɵô˵ҲǵˣڳʵְҮӢûȵġ

Үɵ˵ĴȻȴƲͬһһΣҲ̫Сˡ

ҪͬʹѲӣһ·ǸĵݳͬıôõķӹݴأôҲôŴһͬΣѡլۡǮڴסϼٻȥ
үӻصȥ𣡣
Үɵǰһڣûú֣Լιȥˡ
ˣӲ˵ʲô˲Ļ

Үɵװתͷá
ֿ벻ͨСٰһۡ
ˣϡ
Ҫʲô
еĵܼ򵥣ҲӹˣֻҪ˼֪
˵ɸ䵽ҮԪк¶Ҳûһô
ɸ֮һ£һҿ϶ˡ
Ǹʱ˵ʲôöģһڳήʲôӣȥġ
ңвһ㣬Ӣҳȥ̽Үĵޡ
ȫһɣʹ˸ɫ̷ſá
ܼ򵥣صк䣬ʹ¡
һü£
ԣҮԪڴֻ֮ҪɸңͲҰôֻҪʹŴ߾εĽӰʹɽӾͺá
ǻس֮󣬱أô𣿡
һ̯֣ҪǸʹһжʹġ
໣
ҮɵһƿڴӺƣӺƴˣ
ȻװΡ
ȸüĻȥʲôͨģֻҮɵƱǡ
˵ţöߵҲҧĻᡣ
һҮɵֿɸ磬в⣬ҵǧˣ
ɸˣҪ֪ǽյľ棬Ҳô
ˣһȥɣ
Ҳԣһۣ󲽶ȥ
ĵؿߣ𣿡
ȳô죬¶Ҷûôᷴˮ
˵꣬ߵҮɵǰ˵ҸҲɱ㣿

ոȸöߵĻ˵ǰã˵ǹҮɵġ
Үɵԡ
ʵǿˣӺҡ
ǳ󶨵죬ɸѾ׹վͻᣬСܵ˼𣿡
Үɵһ
ʲô˼
˼˵Ѿˡֿ룬ҮԪ˭ϣ

˭Ҳϣ
ҮɺҮʱԸʧȥҵ
ұ죿
Ҳֱ˵ɣԼ
ɸ˳ᣬֻس˵벻˵ȫƾԼܣֻس֮󣬿ɰе׸һˡ
ɵֱԣвȵ㣬ΪΣ
ҮɵеͿող˵Ҫɱô˵ⷬǴң
˵ȷʵ޺
һᣬ¾ˡҮԪȥ˵ӵ˴Σ˭أȹ֮ݶǲ֪ˡ
ãΪ־飡
Цˡ
ˬ֮ˣ


264 
ҮɵɵԾǴһƸ档
Ը⣿
ҲԸ𣡣
ȸҲɱɵҹգۺسвս˶ˣںɱˣ
ԣҮɵ˺ȹԹ·һ·֮Ϊ䵱ǹ·֤ͨ޶ѡ
£ȸҮɵ˰ú֮ڶǰ·Լɸ˳Źٵһ·򶫣ֱݡ
ڼһ˴̴ֻҪ˴Ǿվ
ǽɥ֮٣˹زĽ͵ܳġĸΪڻʱ䳤ҲǲеģֻٴСû𣬱󶨡

Үɵͳڣһ·ضʮﺺɻȴҲ
ȵͣ㣬ҹ̣һҹվѲ
ʵȵٶȣʱӦѾˡ
û취ҲѾߵɫ˵ˡ
ۼҪˣһ̾ƿһЪϢһɣ
Үɵǰֱۣôչһ䲻ʮղŸȥˣݣĶȥ
ûصЪҲֻҰｫһˡ
޷ҰؾҰذɡɸӣҪȥ˴ξɢˡ
һ·Ǽ˶ЩԲοŮ

ǰһɽȣҮɵ֮´У׼ɽ֮Ѱһܷڹҹ
سУɸҪ·ɡܳŵס
һҹҲˡ
ɸ¸мһ·ʵƸ̫鷳
һĬʱ׿ƿӽˡ
Ϊ˼ĸһ·׿ǰеġ
ǰɽ¶ޡ׿͵롣
Ϊʲô
ˣǰǸʲô𣿡
һͣ׿ǰˡ
ɽȱ𿴲󣬵գһ鷳ˡ
ðɣٵ¶׿мҡҮԪʹ֮ûҵȺɸ磬˵׼᲻׷
Ⱦǵ÷һ֡
뵽ֻҮɵ˴СȣѰ¶Ӫ֮ء
ֻ
Ѿˣ

ȵ˸һȣһ㼱죬ӹٵɱʮ·
ǰͬʮշ׿Ȼϡ
Үɵһһ
ˡ
֮ˣҮ³ţ
Ү³űϿʹʹŶҵõȵӰӡ
˵ȺûӰӣͰʹҮɵҲûټ
ǧ˵Ĵӣֻʣһ¶ġ
֪ӺѾǰˡ
Ү³ĺ޲ðˣҲûð˶ѾˣֵͬĻʴ֮λôˡ
ʱҮԪڴˣҲϵùĻȥˣȻٿܴܲӱĵط¾ˡ
Ү³ʢ֮±ʹʿϳһӪپʿͽӽ٣˵ӺƲûдٻ
һҧ
׷
ӺƴݳУӦ߲̫졣׷ϡ
ӱŹشĶǲ䣬ֻû취ʱرſٵֻ²䣬װУһ·׷ȥ
˵׷ˡ
ʱ֣ȥ̽رӺƵ˵ټҹȻ߲졣
Ү³ŴϲȴûϽػ
ֻʮ໤ǺںǹνʲôƲ磬οǸŮɷҡһɱѪ·һ·ӾͲðˣ¶ͼù⣬ֵĶ̫Ͳˡ
ǣɽȺΧ֮ơ

Уһ㼱ۣ֪ˡƿûȳͣȣȥ
ʱʮﻤѾת£Χм䡣̧ͷһҮ³š
˹ǰʮʮ֮
ʵȥ𣿡
ѣ
Ƚҧأ۶ˣ
˵ƨ˽ǹ
㲻𣡣ôȻֵܾ͵ȥȾƷˣ
ȵͷֻ˵һ䣬
˵꣬ڶǰҮɵʱһȭּסǱвȵġ
Үɵһ漴Ц治֪ǻ쵰ʥˣȱסԼ˵ɣ
ȲԣʮಽҮ³ң
£ôԶСУܳ
Ү³ЦӺƻ治һˣʱЦ
ȻֱҮ³š
ڣѾ뻤ͺӵ˽һ

Ү³ź޲ȥȣԱ֮ޡ
û裬Ȼţá
˵ϻΣ
Ҫǲأ
Ү³´˴طҲһ˵ĺڣ



265 Ѫɫƻ
ɸڳУܾС¹һɪɪ
û뵽ֻ˿ȸҪɳ˵ļѡ
Ϊˣˡ˴ɣܹƸ˵ڵ
ֱףԭˡǾˣⲻһ˵顣µ񣬲ңҲƸ硣
׿ƿӣ֪ӣ£һܷʲô³
ɸ˵Բ𡱣ջû˵ڡ˵ʲô˰ɡ
ʱϡҮ³ŵĽкǰ
Σ

ֻҪҽȥܽһУ
Ҫǲأ
ѾʱƸ羹Ȼ
˴طʺˣ

Ү³вһشصػɸͷ
ԼµĴΪʲôҪôΪۣ
뵽˴ɸ粻֪Ķƿ˳ȥ
ֻ
һ³Ƹ
㲻ң
Ү³һʲô
ɱҡƶָΪҪЮƽذɣ

Ψһ̣ҲóģҮԪΨһĳ롣
֪𣿡ûҮ³ſڣͳĺȵĺ
㲻ɱңȴɱ㣡
һ˲һ
׿׹ӵأһ㲻ƥٶ
Խʮ໤תȿڵʮ
գ֮䣬Χֻʣα
ȶԭһʹץŵ棬˫ȭգָ׼Ѿٵ
ɰֻһ˲˲ʮ֮סҮ³ţһоͶˡ
ʮʹΪҲʮɱĶ֣һӲס֡

ʱл¼׵ըѪ罦ʬڵϵ֮
̤
ʿ˻
СԼ
۳һһ޷ȴĽ졣
ԭʵĹŴ
ʫƷ£̸衭
УѪԡѪҫһ
ϡնı׳
ֻǡ
սĴۣΪ
ϡɸſǺź
Ҫ
ǱˣҸǻȥ
ֻǡ
ÿ˵гѪֻе˭üһСŮ޵ĺأ

ǰѾΧ׿౻ɱûӰ
ɱѾ뱾ӣ߳˹
ʱ
Ү³žڻɽȣ
ס֣ס֣
͵۾ֻɱȻͣ׿ذ׼Ү³ŵĲϣߡ
ɱʱѾԽΧסֳļѳ嵽ǰ̣ض֡

ʵǲ߲ݵѹûͣҮ³Ϊȵټɢȥδ£ȫҲֻ۰ðȻɱ
ʹˣҮ³Ҳû뵽һٶҽδܵ֡
ֱ˿̣ҲûӦǰΪǿ
û뵽ǣֻ˳󣬱ɽܡ
׿СѺҮ³Ŵȵ˾ǰ
ȼͺӶ˲ʣеû¶ɣ
ȫ䱸ȦɱµٷϻһΣ
ôΣȶ˵ذҮ³ŵĴȾһ
໣
Ү³һҺ
һɱǵѾôͣˣҼ
һ˫ĿѪݺݵػȫҪУܣ
ﷴӦҮ³ѾҺУܣܣ˭費ӻȥȫ壡
ɱ޷ֻܽǽҮԪе˽ĸΥ
˶ϣ
һ£ܶĻԽһ֣˾һɱ˸ʵ
ҮɵһֱԹۣʱߵߡ
ûáһߣ֮󻹻׷
֪ޱػصҮɵȴм
ǡҮɵһ
Ȼ˰ȫ˰ϣȸʹ˸ɫͻٿһۡ
סֽŵɱͷ׵ĸɽȵʱ޳

Ү³Ѿʧȥ˼ܵİ
ҡҡʲô᲻˵ʲô˵
ֻǣĻ˼ģ
ƥߣҸطˣŪ㡣
ӻ⣬ҪŪ˽ٵļ
һУȲɢҮ³ߡ
ߵһԹˡ
Ү³ŻعҲģһȥҵ͸Ρ

Үɵҡͷһ˵ʲôˡ
ȻҮ³ֻ˵һ;Ŀһͷͼ԰ذš
ʶ֮ǰޱϲһ仰
Կ࡭ҶҪĶ̫ˡ
ֱ˿̣Ү³ŲȻ򣬺úõ̫ƽүѵ

Ү³ŵ½ȥذϵѪգҮɵ
Үɵһ飬㣬侲㣡
ȴʱһɱ۵ĶħҮɵһ㶼ɣҲܰذԼš
Үɵ¶һǿЦݣ߰ɡƵطһ̶ˣ
գ
˭Ƶģ


266 ʹ
𣬺һƬ
һΦ󴬣嫺ҶƮεɫĺ֮ϡ
ڴףһ¶ɫ̵ĺգһֵĵƽߡ
СȾȥգǰϡɼ½ҲǴɵأǴεݡ
һ񱼣дգ糿̤Ϲʹء

ȿԶ½طе
ʲô
òճ
ȻعǸؿһ
ܿĳʵһõ顣
һۣ˵̫磬ô󶯾ҪĻں档
ΰյ˴ΣְҮԪ֮ӣɵĳҮ³Ÿˡô󣬱˵ǱߣôǸ⡣
һ漴Ȼ⵹õģϲ¶᲻֮
ô϶Үɵţ
ᣡѾȥʵʵ˵

ֻɵۣ·ϱҮ³Žɱ֮£ȴ˵ΪɸɱҵȡҮ³֮ɵôȥԲǾǵˡ
ֱۣǹɱ񰡣
㲻ˣ
¡Цң˭ûкô
㻹װʲôˣ
ǾãеԲǼֵܣϾԼ¡
һ㻹룬ȥôɣ
մҿ԰ţ뿪ʹţɱҮ³Щ£Ҫ͢һ
ãʲô˵ţȴӻͳŽ
һʹټңϸд˴еϸڣɸ飬ûаҲðʲôһжʹɡ
񲻽ˣЩͱȥûô
ȵǵĹټңֻҪһͿɣĲö롣
ʲô
ң֣صֻҪңʲôñʲôñټһȫġ

˵治֪澫ǼٺͿ
ɵ£Ϊһˣ㶪ҲܰʥĴͨ͸
ڶ⽻ʦŽģᰲŸڴɵǼֵܵļԺǼš
һ֣ãҵıܣ
ҿȰķǸġ
ҵ
е벻ףƴɺûĹɣôдˣ
ҵдɶţ
ˣž֪ˡ
͸ҵһֹɷݡȻȲ˵;ͣǣҳʮıǮ߶Ⱦûֱ˵
治ϻؾ
㡣ͼƻõģҪ˳߼ط
ôĻôˣټ𣿡
ȵ͹ټ˵ףټһġ
Ѿǹֵܣȵĺܶ黹֪ģҲ֪Ķⷬţ֪ټΪζ࿴
ʲôʱؾ
һɡ
Ǿ;پۣ
˵꣬ͻصУϾҪҪȥʰʰˡ

Ǵαۣ˲ڴ˳˵Ҳûйת㡣
ڴͣҲֻΪ˰£Ȼźһ·¡
Ȳ˻һؾȷʵмƻǼƻ˺üˡ
ΪһĻѧʱܸṩĻΪޣΪĲͬзҲͬȺú֪ʶȥʱ޵ԴתõĶ
ʯۿĻ֪ⶫǶʣƣֱâͷУҲ뵽ζҩľǺˮơ
ڹյʹõһЩѧƼֻȻĿΣЩڴνзһͺֶвͬʵȸûѧжⶼʲô
ԣǰȾ˵ȥһߡһ뷨
һһ´׵õȻμҲһʶһǧǰȻĴúɽ
һ·ϣΪͨľޣƻȵ϶˵ݣһ·ߣ볤ϣһ·߷áֻˮ·дۣתΡ
һգݡ
Ϊϸ֮أȻҪ´һ
һͳ˴֣׿Ȳǰһ
Щ죬ɸΪ֮ʱţ־˴鷳ԼڴﲻϳʳǾ׿͵ȥ
쵽˸ݣСҲﲻסˣܳʶһϳķ
Ҳǹ˵֮ȵһμɸ硣
δ£ϵɲƱǰ㴺δѾȹɴߵľˡ
ɸһ±ȹź˵ķ٣ֻʮŮȴ޷ǳעĿ

óˣ
һִ٣˫ֽһͷ˵
ȿЦҡͷʮǰţǼʱ򣬲ȰԼͻˡ
Ҳϻż´
ֻ͹һ´ͱ˶ˡ


267 ֳǶ
Ǵۣϱת֮أټ϶дʳ̴ڴΣԸۿڱص̷
ڴļĿһ´Ϳۣ;׿һС̯һС̯İȥҲ֡
ȸ󣬵Ҳһβ۾תӣҲǸƤŵɸˡ
ֻţȾ͸ое㲻ԡ
ƫͷԺӵǲ˸ǰ
Խɵ¹ûаɣĶأ
ôӡ
ӵʮǸһˡ
˳ź˵ȥȻһ۵Ƕʱʱƫͷ
ģû⣬ʦúϡ
ǻû⣡
Ȳˣôܵǵ𣿡
ڸ糣ˣһƽأ˸ļӣŲӹˡ
һǰһҾСͻˣ֪ʧȻʵĽС֮ףðȻˡ
ˣӳģ飬һ˺˵ĻǲǸʶľ׿㣬ĻȻҲҴ
Ϊ֮ʱ;ǰһȵӰ˶м䡣
Ŷ̲ˣСү͸ôֱ˵
㿴ǲҲͦףҪģ
һͣ⡭ûҪɣ
ôûأԽһסĲӣ㿴ײҲ
Խʽǣһܵסģһգ˾ͱΣĻ˵ˡ
㣬㡣ϷŰ
СԽٸŪô
ԽһɣʱһŻ
ļ򣬡ͽҲôõģСȥúö飬װʲôå
һίСֻĽ֮òᱡ֮İ
СҲǼλһģһ֮꣬λһθݡ
ȻֿһۡСҲλСʶʶ
ȱ˵Цˣ˵Сӱɵе㹢ֱ
һȥɣȣԼΣ
˵꣬ĸž׿ߡ
Ҳ⣬׷ֲġ
ż˱Ӱ߽УСֳӺСϾڳǶ¸ѰС
ôһһ¾ͣסˡ
ԽΪҪ쭣һߣӣȥѵ⺩
𣡡һסԽԼת˻ȥ
һɷֻˣеˣŵһ
룬ǰһסļ򣬡Ӻ񣿡
ǡ
ǲиֶӽºⰡ
ą֪̇̄
ЦˣЦޱȲá
֪иԺ𣿡
εһԺ˲֪
ǾͺãǾͺá
غúôһӺֱֹ
˲֮ɣ
ֶҲڸݣ
ڵġӽɼҸ̵ʱֵҸθεй٣ºڸݡ
ߣֶӽǺȾƣ
ڸݶº⣬ȴ֪Ѿը˹

˾˽ʹĲ£ݵŹӺƹ
ȴ룬ʹĻȵӰ¶ľǸӪ
ɰ˾ʵŻˣôûӵȣȥô
û취·ͬСɣ˾ҹ̾ظϡ
һûȥţ˵ʹѾһջˡ
˾ⲻˣ˵ӺƲôİⲻǰ𣡣
Ǽ֪Ӻûֻһ˻ˡ
ðɣ۰Ͱ͵ȻǮİƤҲѻôӵ¹أܲе¶
̵ģ
Ϊʲô֪ȴƫƫʲô˵
ⲻ۸ʵ
֪ʵ᲻һ㶼ģմ¶ɳˣ
˵ﻰĻе㰵ˬġ
ϾʲôûĴ¶Ҳ
ʵ۵ʱô֣һҵҵһëܳΪҳȴɲڳǡǡЩ覴ãִӲڻʵǰεĳӣܵõʵ۵ΣΪӽ
Ҳνġ

Ψһе㲻ģܾȲͬ޺֮ߣһ˸ӣ˵ǵٳס

֮ͬݲ龩ľȥɣ
ԴˣǿɾͲˡû¶ҵ¶ǣܷŹôõĿ
ʹڵõģȻؾְôϹʲô
ǣһ󲨡ơȡ
ȥˣд˵ӣȺö
ԴˣҲûȫƨ
̵ģ뺦û¶ͷ֮ǰҲȥ


268 մ
ꡣ
һ껹ûؾİƤסˡ
һ֮ڣ岩˽ŵʽȺû˵ȾǲǮ岩ֱͷ
Ҳżˡ
๫ѾλϴˣڴѾñȽϳˡ岩ʱ˵͵ȥ
๫ǼҪȹλ
˵޺֮һҲ࣬ƺٵ꣬Ҳ˵֮ڲòıߡ
ǡСʦ塱Ǯ͢˰֧ôǮġ
û취İƤֻߡ߾ȹ·ӣĲУӸӲġ
³糯岩ȻԺ
ԣԺسۣΪԺ֮䷶ȻѧӦ֮ºϹ鳯͢˾Թ̺ʵʩܣ̺֮Ժְ
İƤ̫ࡣ
ҲǺģ㿴̺֮ޣţ¶иӺȴ֪жزƶ۰յ֮͢£һһС޵ĳ⣬ӺƵǮͱɱµǮˣã
ǰȵ
ֻ֪ϸĶΪ岩ϧ
ôӺƾǸӣ̺ĻĴϰǵټңܹټҵǮ
Դˣ䲻ˣҲû룬֪岩һģֻǲˡ
ңǸᡣ
ɫػӳңк
վ£ĿǷףҪ෴ԣȴʼˡ
Ҷ˵˵λֿ
ȵľǱϿá
һͣһֳ֮¶ǰ
ΪڳϾӣ漰ʼ֮£Ǵġ
ã飡
֪ÿʲƼΣľޣ޼ܣк
ţͷá
óһΪף
ǵͷҲΪβףӳ
Ҫ࣬ʱȴ˻
飡
֮ˣҢ
λֶŮŹó裬ǽһ̹һ·˻ʹڶʹ鹬ʹȺʹȻȨ㳯ҰԶأҲǷ޶
΢΢ü˵ʲôң
ţͷȥˡ
룬Ңɲôȥˣò״һܲһӺƣܺ๫һսߵĻᣬܴ
ΪԼǣӺСƾʶڳΪ˽Ҳʹְ֮ΪҲѧΪҲ˵Ӫ˽桢ѧ֮ͽ֮ƣ˼׼֮룡
ðɣ˵Ҳ˵һ󳼣ô岩
үҪҰҿû˵ӺӪ˽棬ôң

˵ҢôȽôĳأ
˵ΪǸֶŮ
ҢΪֶŮߵĸ߶ȣȻҲֶŮں󹬵ĵλΪ̡
ǡ
Źڵó裬Ϊ֮ȸ
ں֮УܹУʮûĲܻʺҲڽմϲףߵһкŹרַӾͻ˱ˡ
һеԴͷԹԺǸӺѲϵ
⼸ƫŹҽڹдǦʳķӣ֮ȻأͲʲôˡܻʺʮδУϲףҲǰҽ͡
Ңܲ
ң֮ǰöʹСֶΣͼܼңǣϣ٫Ȼܾôˡ
⼸꣬٫ڹйɷ֮㣬˵⣬Ңͦ죬ɼӲù
ָӺƣȻܷŹκһƷӵĻᡣ
ֻҲ֪͹̺ϵĹϵһͨǹȣȴ岩
˵ȥһȾͳɴ治ÿԴˡ
ֱ˳

糯鶼ÿȥ͵͵Ķûʮ죬͵ǰ
ʱ°൹һλֶ
һʦżһߣҲ߳ˣһͬꡣ
һӣ
ҢΪ
ÿɣþݶ⡣
Ŀ򲻿

ߵԽѾֲˣͬ꣬۾ֱˡ
ԽЦʲôأ
һҪæҳȥ
Խϣû㵱ˣŰɣ
ůůͬʱҲէ࣬Ӻôôı£
˵Ңǳɣ๫̨
ɲһʿӦ˵Ļɣ
ֻǣһɨŷ̧ͷ
ʦϣͽȾϡ
㿴˼ңʦǷ;ôţ
жεһԺԺѡ
֣ʲôȰдãӷ
ûʲôԺôĽʥء
һЦе˻ɽ֪ˣ

ðɣ
ڸݹº⣬ֵݺλС
°ֶȵλأӴ
ȷ֣һǲ˿˳ʦռѧȥ
һ·λѧĵǶ·һЩʱĶȴһ㼴֪ͨ
ָϵһŲͼǼ˵ѹơ
ѧҲŤһᵽЩҲǾٱ
Ӻ֮ԣȷֻӺƵα׼أ
ȵ˵ڣףѾ޷ȷ̶ȣΨں߲׼̶ȣȷ¶ȡ



269 ̯
ѹơ˵ȫǱƳġ
İƤһʱ䣬һŽһŵشȽǮǣҪӣ˵ʲôҲܰǮġ
˵ӲУȴĽֻܸ͡Ӻӵɴ֮ˮҵĻ²Ϊ
İƤ˵ˣ˵Ϊó֤
ôã
ʱû׼ȷƸߵ͵ĿѧֶΣʮӵʱõġֶ߷ƣѾȽֶˡ
νֶߣҪĺһƽеĹٷֶ̨ʽĽݰӣȻѸ̨ӵˮλߵͼһóεˮλ
ӽǧӣǹҲ̫ˡ
ǣȾͰˡѹơ档
ⶫ߶䲻ȷֻҪͬһأڲͬѹ֮¶⼸ΣڿɽܷΧ֮ڡңԭҲʮּ򵥣ѧ
ɳʱغȡáһѹĻ׼ֵ
ֻİƤеȲˣûȰѶȻ׳н˹̺ϵ⡣
ȿɾ̲ˡ
Ҳȿһ㣬岩ǸܳûҲС˵ףôǸ͡޺֮ѾζˣһֶΡ
Ȼ岩飬ȻҲûҪǣ

У뿪°˳ϡ
ʱҲ˶ƽȿڣֱӰİƤҢһˡ
ҢҲ˵˭֪ʱƽʵ岩
ƽϱ岩ָϢ飬Ң¼޶á¶岩ڵݣĴɶ֪ڼרͨ¹͸ӡ
岩ֶͨΣ⹴ᣬԹλ
ʵе㲻صҢ£岩ͰȼԹ٣˭û岩ǣǿ
¶͸û߶ˣŹ͵ⲻ˭͹
ǣҲû취ֻӲͷƤˣֻҪ岩ŪȥԾˡ
ԴˣȻţƢֱҪƽⰲο岩˵ϣǲŵء
İƤһ̾ټһĺ˰
ǣڶ죬Цˡ
ƽȷʵϳ˾ȴǱᷴӵʷֱѧʿǨݱݡ
Ŷ٣ôǱ᣿ǳȥƽĺ
岩һ¾ˣʵδ˵ǣȴάˡ
ƽ鵯ʵ۲ڳ㣿
๫ϵˣšҲû˼ˣϽڵطܱסӡ
ǲ׼뼸ܣֻúܡźķ岩ƽ֪ݡ
á
ƺ岩һݣһݣţҴطռ
һȻǵݣκǶˡ
ƽҲʵڣ֮岩д˷ţǣֵܲʵ̫ˣҲǵͷѡ
ðɣ岩е£ôʲôˣ

괺;ݣһ´ͼͷӭ
϶״Ԫݹ۲й꣬Ӧõؾǣݸְˡ
ôϺˣһ϶²ƲСӡ
ϡ
϶֪ûһȭ
˵ݹˣû뿴ң
ҲݸúôţµϹܣܹң
Ͳܵ죡
߶˵ţΪˡ
๫ףº⡣
°أӴ
ݵػС
һһ
ǶҪԺѧӰɣΪˣһҸ桭
ֱֳԣ
λһƵ״ԪŶ
мǣӺԶ㣬ѧ

˴Цԭλķ״ԪҲе٩ӺƵʱ
ҡͷЦ϶ҲѧԲˡ
֪أ
һۣ˼ҸŪˣָ㣡
һֻ̾ȥˡ

岩öûȥרڼƽȵš
۲йٷſ˵ˡ
岩̲һɡ
һİƤ˼ûУһɽԱСһš
ϡƢСʦҲӭ
岩һۣҲ
ߣϷΪ٣Ҫĳƣ
ȴ£ʮ꣬ϷҲϡ

ƢҰŪȥû
岩һͣû뵽ûᣬԼȴ˵ˡ
ϾͺãҲֻһ䣬ʹʲôֶΣ
岩벻ͨġ
һƾʲôһ仰Ͱѵˣ
ΪҪĹ̺ϣֱƽ顢ˣ
һüëǿɲǵȣҲûôı¶һࡣ
ǵ˭˭˵𣿡

岩˲伹
ԭˡǹټң
뵽˴岩һֱؿڵǹһ¾ͨˡ
ѹеС¾ͱƵ࣬ѹһ֮û죬ƽͰھͶˡ
ҽġ˵ﻰˣ
һᡣ
Ǻ̯Ƶģ


270 ЧӦ
̯ƣ
̯ʲôƣ
ȰһС˦ϣ岩ãһʲôɸ˵ܣʶȥá
ȴ룬һڲϣӣĿ֮ǰм仰Ҫ˵ס
ʲô
ӣϴˣû·ܱѣɵĺãᳬԽҵʦΪεһĹǧţɲáҲΪεһ
εһʿ򣡡
岩һ£˵ôҪɶ췴
һǲˡ
Цû¶ټ㿴
ŶټǾͲ췴
־ʹ°Сӳ˳
ˣ
岩һۣûʲô벻ãǹ̺ϵĵϸ𣿡
ȰԵͷҪⶼ²ҲͲ䵣ˡ

ȷʵǹ̺ϵĵϸټеöû
Ҳǹټͨ˼֮󣬲ľ
ܼ򵥣岩һ࣬Ҫܹ̺͢ϣһӴȺ̺ϵĲԽԽӴ󣬾ԽԽء
岩ù̺ϳ˵µԺҲԻпܷ
ôأ
٫ֽųǾԲΪҡźģǸˮֻӵĸӡ
ԣȣϣڳ֮һ˽Ϊ˵ˡ
ѡɾֻи岩ִкԡ
ֱִ̫ҴҲһֱʺϸֱﲻһ顣
Ը˵¶ִС
ԸõѡϳɳأˣԵáִΪʡ
ȵƫǸһûԶǾǸи㡭
̫ʵ
ôĲѾˡĵزԽԽвӦ̫֮ʵ϶ǲеġ
Ǿֻ岩˵ķǣ͵ļ黫Ҫǣؼʱ̿Բ޳ܣ
ãõǣøִ֣岩ˡǰ档

Щ뷨Ҫ岩֪ܿ޳
Ը⵱˰ʲôʵõ㣬ڵ෹Ʊб֤
İƤС֮Ҳˡ
ſˡ
̺߰ᡣ
߰ᰡ
ȫתҡɵĹɽһ򣬻Ȼ̵
Ŷ٣߰ٶֵϳ͢ʮ֮һĲ˰ӺǮ
һ̺ϵĹɷݹɣ岩ǰһڡ
ټռɣ
ѹ乫ûֱӷȥˡ

ӣ岩ˣǶõģ˭˭
ǣû׵ǣټҺŪôһ̯ӣҪʲô
ɣҪʲô
ȳصΪ˻ʦһԸ

ԸȻǸ£ǿΣ
ŭֱԣȭȭ֮Ǻõģڴι̼ѳɣǴƾһ̺ϾŤתġ
ҲΪʲô֮ʱ岩Ȳ֧֣ҲԵԭ
ŷ˵Ĳأȴܳ¡
֪ȵȻ㿴˲ӣҲûҪ㣬òơ
ھƣ
ƣ
岩Ȼƿ˽귶ĸȴǽ󰡡
ʵϷ͵γһϱŵ̬ƣǱԴʿΪ׵ѫԣΪǵҪأ͵ǳ
Ϸ÷ҵСֹҵΪϳʮַǵļԷɢûӰ
ǿһ㣬ϱأԲżʱͣ
ŪĹ̺ϣŽ˽ţȴûи׼ʲôôڶġ
ѵ
岩͵ĿȣҪѱʿ͵Ҳ
Ȱ̾岩Ǿ֮šû
ǣҲûðǵĸ滹أֻҪҶͱⷴɡ
ûͷûԵһ䣬㿴ڵĵΣ

ݣ
۲ݣֱ׷ˮƽƫƫֵǮˣֻݵ˳ɡ

ԭĵ󻧾ӪѾ׬ǮˣѿʼӾӪأתͶҵ⼸ũǣ޲ũ١
Ҫѵݵģʽбõũת̣
岩е£ϰأǿɲһôĵط
ֻһɣôĵطôĲҵģԸġ
岩˵һ룬Ȼס
뵽ʹ֮ǰ˵ġ
ë֯
ǸҵĹģٱڹƣҪȰѴɱëأɴεëٽɵı̿ҵġ
岩ëежγɵĹģжʹγɡЧӦ
㣡
İƤѾ˵ˣ֪ͷΪʲôӺƵ׶һˡ
֪СӺ޼ɵʱˡ
ڵĴ˵ôǸ޽

һ⡭岩ҪǲʶʳϿ϶˯˯ġ
ȻѾ߻һУΪδ˴ɲë֮ö
Цˡ
ÿңҶ֪ʱδڻëĵ顣
ǣ岩һ֡ǿ̣һ;岩֪磬ԸʦֻСʦкιǣ
ðɡ
һڿԸȦȴûѱͷǵ
ڶ⻹δͨҲ죬ʱë·亦



271 Ȱ
岩һһĴ
ӺƼᶨãûɳɵ飬ҲӺܸɳɣ
ʱ˵أ岩һСӣⱾСʵʵظоѾˡ
岩Īһ֮飬һƵĿܡ
۳ɰܣ岩עҪʷǧţ˵ģ
⻹
緶һˣʹøʬ޴桭
Ҳֵȥһѣ

Ҫپƣ
岩ǻۣһͨͨһ㣬ʲô벻ˣҲѹֹټһɲŲ̺ϡ
ⲻѾеĴε£˻ʵߣҽҪĸƣٵĶ
һ⣡
һۣҪɾ͸ɣĶô⣿ɲɣɣôұˣ
ɣɣ岩ƶǣһˡ
˵
ʲô
Ǵڵز޵ģܱûвԣһڱ̿ëģʳγɳ԰ɣ
ðɣ岩ûԶʵ˵ëùͶô죿
Ҳڲëĵһԭʳûȥ֮ǰëľͲܶ
Ĺǡ
εޣһԺ޹˼ɵطչֹҵҪȥˣûֵأǲУҲøĸԼͰԼˡ
ôȥ
һ˿ڣ͢˿˶಻ȱڣؿʣһڹ̣ûʮЧ
ɳÿ깩ӦʮţصļҲڳ죬ټѾⶨÿӹ֮óһɲũػʣھܼЧ
С˵Ⱦû˵ˡ
ܲ˵֪и߲ɣ

岩Ѿ޻˵ˡǰ˵Ӻִ˾񡭡
ðɣǸƢ浱࣬¾ܰ˵ˡ
ǹټʲôʱһس
İƤվٶ¶
ȺһۣŰɣôҲ꣬ԡ

岩̫ᣡ
˼ԣڳûʲô¶Сͬ־ĥĥӣϾٻسУǾײˡ
Ǻ¶γ̫Ƶղʲôֵÿҫ顣̺ϰѸ岩λ֮ϣȿǹһ

ݴ죬Ϊ֮ǰҲͲˡİƤҲһ֮ǰӶȥӵĳӣϴ
һȣȥ֮󣬴úչϸסѾʮĸˣÿվڵҲѴǰˡ
Ҳڲɽˮ׼ؾˣ

ֻδ飬ǣĻɽѾǰĻɽˣĹԺҲԭĹԺɱˡ
ɽĽߵһѾɣڶ꿪ʼ̡
ǰ׷¥ڴ˽˷¥ȻҲ˿˷̡
лɽйԺʥʯĽʥټÿ궼Ҫסϰ£ѰȻﴫ
Ľһɣɽͷ
ʿͷɽˮгкȣѧãĵط֮ͣÿ춼л㴬רŴӿⷢɽһΡ
и̻̻Ҳ׷ǰ档
ڵĻɽ֮ǻɽͻɽ̴壬ˮɫͤţ¥Ӷ¼ɫʰ쵡
רžӪÿɽ뾩еδЩͲ𻨴ͨҲһλɽ
Ժһʮʿͷ˫ͷʢ¡
⼸꣬͡︴ܵȴ޳·ģһѧʣʵɴġ
񣬡ʱҪȡ̫ѧļĶ࣬һʹùڡ

˾ؼҵʱô裬ôܣҲҡһ¹ڣȴһҲԸȣ޲Ϸɻȥ
߻ӣˮһ·籾ӦЪţļʮˮ·á
˵ʲôҲٶһ˴Һ˷ʮͭǮҪҹȥڴ쵽ɽ֮ʱѾٽҹ
ۼչһܿɽͷˣȲڴͷšҡһ̡
׿Ҳվڴ
Ѿǰľ֮˳վߡ
ϾܼƸ˵ǸɽһƯɣ
Ц㿴֪ˣûľ󡣡
ƲƯҹҲߣﻹǰ˯һٿɣ
ºС塱ʮ꣬ѾʮˣȻûǰվһĬĬ
Ժǳŷ͡䨡︴˵ͷģңºʫͬеˮƽ޶һ״Ԫģ
ʲôɽ˵Ǹơ
һͭƤ˵صѹˮƽݵˮƲʮɣѹˮ
Ȳصſʹת䣬¶һЦ⡣
һָǰĵƻˣǾǻɽ
˳ָķ򿴹ȥҵĸү
ڲҹʱô֣
е㲻ˡ


272 ƻͨҹ
ԾǶϺŴʲôû
ǣⲻ֪Ӻֳǳֻݣһ⣬нûʲô
ɽ
ǿˣԼеĵط
תͼԼɼԶɽб֮һͷͷ֮⣬ССĻͣһͷǵǡ
ңѾٽҹСûһǺŵƵġôԶԼִӴд
Թԣ㶵̾ǿ˶˯𣿡
ԽղŲ˵ڵ»𿴲Ҳۻɽʲôط
ҵĻɽ

ʱѾɽϿɽ¶һǡ
Ѿ˵
ͼͷһ¥ߣǽƹҡҷӰǽһɡ
Խɪ˵ӦþҼҵķ¥ֺˡ
ŷ¥濴ɽһ䣬һǡ
ͣĻطģһȵͬʱ磬ĽֵδϣһŸߵʹ̡¥һֱ쵽ɽǡ
ǲҹ죡
ر࣬˾Ҳɷĵظ̾飬治
ɽͷͣ
ûȴͣȣͷһϷŰ߽УӣϽ´Сүȱ첲ûУ
ԣЦ
ΪӹվǶ𶯣ֻ֣
ͷվŵģοˣȴΪӭȣͷϵȵҹ
ؽ£СүջǷӿ

˲ͺˡ˵Ƹ罻µĶЩʲôѽôʲôĶ˵ó
ȴ⣬پף˵Ц֮ԣˡ
Ҵҵ´뼸Ǵ磬ӵס
⼸ڴνµĵһѣȻͬ
ô֪ҽ
٣ǻ֪㣡Ӧ졣ˮ·͵ҹߣȻǲ¸ţ

´һԽģ˵ɳһǧ˯ˣ
ۣ
ԽһѪĸ˵ûŵģ
ٺ٣Ҷɳɵǵ¶ҵˡ
ðɣˡ򲻹үƣвһռĲӣҸҴȥӸû꣡
ˡֻص٣֪ˡ
Խһ󰧺ؿɲˣ
Լ̫¶׼ȡ
յ˶صⶼɶ
ɶ˵С˵ĺء
ðɡ
͵һȣǲŽ
ôأ
˯ǧƴȴջشˣ˵˭ţ
棿˰֮ȼ
˵һŮū𣿡
ôˣ
~~Խ˸ơԹͳûôɸջˡ
οֱư죬ɶ࿴˸ߵǸŮۡ
ֹڵģǸʲôҲ̵ġ̵ģ֪Ⱥ¶Ҳȥһ
Խڰˬƨһʹ˾˳ȥ
˵ôʲôأװŭתο˵иŵģϹ
οֽУֵܣ
ΣΪ죬ŸûվȾͶ֪ˡ
úӷԸжЪϢʹµԺȥ
һ·ɽڽһ㣬ʲôʡ
磬οϵۣôôϲ
°׵Ĳֲۣʧ󷽣ü岻˵ؼǰġ֣ǿݵ
Ժѧǰ˵ȥر顣ҲĽΪҲܴһˡ

·Ըĳ׵ƾߣʵɶƣôôأ
ӵƣͣʡ
ô·ˣ
·ưרҹ·ġ
üһʮһԶڵ·ߣɽյĸԪƻƵģһֱŵɽϡûǮ
Ĳģǻɽ̲۴Сһ͸ܿͨӰݳޡ
Դһۣյߣģʲôͷ
ȵȻ쵰һһĲɡ
һܶһԺ
ԴһƲ죬ͣ㵱ڵĹʱ氡
㣬ųƸͯģˣŽԺǰʮ˵ɣ
һ㶣ԡ
꣬㲻ǲ֪ڵԺе㡭
еʲô
ҡͷ˾֪ˣ⼸λѵ͵㣬Ūþ͵ôԼ

˵ţˣ
滹ǵðɣƽ䲻ĳһ䡣
ͣȻǵð
︴Ľͣˮƽ䲻λʦҲеġ
Ѿڿˡ
Ϊɶ
ΪǼţģ̲ˣַӱѧʵһӺộ

˭ôţ


273 е
еˣο⼸ˣ治ࣻ˵ţˡ۶ģ͸ˡ
Ҫ˵ĸǱ֮ĽԺŵġҪ˵Ǻܶ࣬Ǿе㳶ˡ

˵Ǳеܲסˡ
ãˮƽеƫϣǿ㲻ࡣǱ廨ŵ֮ѧġ
ǡ
ʲôˣǵ°½ѧӣ˭Ҳһ·º⡢
ºʲôˣԺܿ״Ԫģܷ˭
ʲôˣǺֶһûһؿǲˡ
Դ˵Ǳȥüͷ⼸λѾ⣬һҪ޾ÿѧӿʲôѧʣ
һ·Уһ·һ·ɽǡ
һǿīڵĴʯͷʥʯٿʯ֣֮
ΪģΪΪʥѧΪ̫ƽ
λͲûͷͰˣģذ˺һſɽ
ǰʥʯĵڣԽһ£ʵһֱûв϶Ϣ
οһ֪ͣԽͲֵܾܡ
ûУܾݽź֮㣬˲ѴζˣҲûĶȥˣ

Խ򣬡û¶ǻƤʵĺܣʲô¶
Խʼ磬Ǵɣȫεܣǹ񫡣Ҫǲ϶ҲţǾ͸ˡ
ȼ˰꣬һ·ѧᡣ
ҲˣοҲȣءȥסЪϢˡ
;׿ԽԺȥ
ҹˣλʦ϶˯ˣֻȥ밲ҲǴȥ˯
˼ԺסԽո˵˷⼸춼ڻɽԽãȥȼһްɣûýϵŭ׼
ֻһԺͼ·ƵһӰԽһƣһͷܡ
һȣŵԽҶˣ˹Ϊ
˸Цۻûû
˷ῴĵӣŭЦ̧־Ҫһȥ
ס֣ؼʱ̣ͦԽʱӭֵܰ
룬ת۵Ҫȥ򣬴ϵģʦϢ
ã

˷һȣջذƣûôһʡĵģ
ûȣԽҲһ̼Ҿꡣ
ݺݵصԽȥôʰ㣡
~~Ҷʮһˡ
ȥ
ðɣʮ꣬ǰҲֻǶӣԽֻûظ˷ˡˣһ̵ۣģҲ˵û

صԼľһʦԺӹȻŵơ
ڣ˵ƣ´δ飬һлôϤ
Ҳ´š
ôǮΪȵľӦʮֻŶԡ룬ȴĲһС¥һ飬ֽиָι״ߡ
һ;˯һݣȽһޣÿٰס
šɵصͷ˵Ѿùˡʱ䣬ǸʮСѾͤͤŮˡ
ǰԸԼǰӡ
Իطһҹ޻
ڶ죬ľˡ찾ҹ⼸Ѿϰߣÿһδϡ
һ̴ĳţһڳζĿ˵ĳ졣
ҪȥѰԽһȴбðһǱСŮһͲ߰ӣǿɰ
ŮԴؿȡ
Ҳ£仯ĲС˭ҵĺ֪
Ůߣʵ˭ҵĺѽ
Ůһ㣬ﲻúİ˵
һҽȣǶӺƣ㿴ʶ˰ɣ
㣡ʶҪ֪Է֪֡ģ㻹֪ҵأ

ǰҲңʶˣ
Ů޵ͷܡ桱˼˰졣
Ӧˡ
ţԣʲô֣
ллǲ㣡

е㱻С޴ˡ
Ϊʲôѽ
˵˿佱Ҫ˵ллǱİ˿佱ҪСˣΪܿǵӣ
ˣûǱѾˡ
Ҫ뿪ȴһ𣬡Сá
ȻͷһС겻㳤ôˣ
ٺһ֣ɵ
һߺһ˵Ȼ
ɵҴ𣡣
ðɣֻаĲ滹ǱȵҪһЩ
װû
룡
СŮڱϿú棬ʶ
ţҸɵӺƣҶƷӣ
⵹ùӣô˵أ
ȱŲŮ޵㿴ǲĸɵǻ˰ɣ
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Сã
ţ
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Сá
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ȱźӣԴﻹתŶա
磡
Ϊһ¡
˵ţλΪأӺ񣬺Ժӣཻܡ
š
أ
Ƥе顭


274 ˰
һ˵ʮأȾͲˡ
ģǡҪİ͵˼ҵĶŶˣǺãҲ֪ؿʥʯľ仰Ǹʲô飿

ȰԴǸΪ䡱ڲСͬ־ģҵġ

ƫƫʲôʲô
һսܣ鼤һҾ
ԭӺ֣
Ӻʥʯǰľ֣ģѧѰ
ۣ
ðɣСͬ־ľ仰ʱģǼġ
Ӧϲͺãϲͺá
Ӻֲá
ʲô
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ǧܶ찡ɱ˼˵ġ
һ㶣ãֻӺҲıϣĺˡʱڸпΪӺͬȴӺ֮ţдľӡ
ȡȣ
ȱС仰ǺˣӦôŤĿޡ
ӺƣǣҪע尡Ϊм
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СӺһʣΪֵܣ
ƶӺôһ㶼⣬ͷμ͹ֵܵģ
ǲ֪ģںء
һִصļһִһԼɫժһ
ȫǼ񣡡
ʲôеԴתӺƽʱҲô󷽣ô飿
ⲻʰɡ
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ȴŹһ£һǳ
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ڳɫ񣬶ȻӾǰס̡ɫɫޣһǧᰡ
Ķӵȣغն˴ķ㶡
նãеͷˡ
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ԺϵС֣ȻԽοѾˡ
һɫе㲻ԣʵ㣿
ûͷûԵһ䣬û£Ϲˣ

ҲʣһŽǣһġ
ˣô𣿡
ԴһƲ죬࣬ӦýŶԣ
ӵСգֻʮ꣬ʮ갡ȴѵµɹ˵
µɹôЩʮϾӣҪȪһˮƽҲ֮ˡ
ģǸաһֻȵܴܵ꣬²ܣͨʮ壬ѡԡǵһֲ˵СүҪǸԴ۾ҲܿϽʿ

һΰ˴үռһСҲõͨģ
˵˶յһ棬ذԺı仯һһȵ
꣬ԺĹģѾ︴̩ɽԺʮѧο棬չٶˣС塢ͽʮ˵ĴԺ
ѧˣ͵ȼԵˡ
Ѿʮĸ䣬°ͷ߹ҲѾʮλϡĻܵסǰһվǰʱۣ
ڣһЩرõӣ˻ᵥЩʱָһ⣬ѻϵ״̬
ȥ˶ʦʦԺʦʼѷϾҲˣ︴꣬Ҳһ¹ܲôѧͲò뾡һа취ΪٶѧҼʦ
ȥ꣬ԶüݵȥţȰƾ٣ҵ
䭽Ҳȷʵе㶯ģʵһγϣУȴûУȪĴͺܴʱ˼⡣
ھټҽԼˣźһ󴮶ˡ
ȪɲӦ˷֮룬һΡȻУȪҲˣڹҵ
˵ʦʿ϶Ҫõö࣬Ϊ룬ҲôŶչ
Ȫһˡ
˵ʿȴΪ٣һİѧһ֮ԺΪüԺ
ǰ꣬Ժ֮ʱ;ȥŸϣܹ
ʱһΪ֮ģʱֵмĺӣ᲻ߡǣںˣϣĺܲص˸׳нȴѧˡ
ӾָռСӸˣ⻹ûأˣ
һĥУҵøţʲôʱҲҵѧ
ǣҲټǨ˹Ժˡ

һģһֳɽͷܻۡɽϣѾ緹ʱ䡣
ȱҪȥݹʦһ룬ҲǷͱȥˣһսʳᡣ
ʳѾǵǵĶòѧӣһߴ򷹣һɨ
ĸǶգ
ɶѾˣȵȻҪȿǧŵնǸʲô
ûλһСĻʳ᣿
ȻԺеլӣͽһʳ͵סġ


275 һ쳤
ǽ˵˶գ˭Ƚţ
Ȼڼţ˱ˡ
ɺܵôҲŲոʮͷֻ˵ǱˣԶûѧʴɵĵز
ոնԴҲ˵ˣȻȴԺһбǸ͵Ľɫ
ο°һָǱǸأӺ񡣡
ʾΪӹһ
̵ģһ϶ĥ˼ҵľӣڻ
ǡǱߵ𣿡
ȵͷ
ǲԶˣһŶ룬ȥʮˣһȵ˻ҪСϼꡣ
ĽСĽΪĸֵܡǱǸ֣ⳣڷͷʢĳ˶գˡ
ȵԲ۾ŷĵôˣ
οһü㶼֪
ȷʵŷĵӣʹɸû죬ټҾͰŷؾˡʦǷѣʦͰŷŷҲԸҵ˸ͽÿڵÿ֮ʱԺ졣
̫ѧģŷ˵̫ѧǿ͹ˡ£Ҳˡ
ȶֵ۾ֱð⣬
̵ģôΰ˴֮ең䭡ޡŷޡ
һ䡪
С˭
ο֪ﶼ˻Ǳһֵܡ
š
صֶӣ򫡢á
ۣ
һϡһࡣ
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ƨʹһڡҪڣ˵ʲôҲǽ
οЦˡ
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ԴϷŰҿ˼뵱ʥˣ
ɻ֪λ𿴸һͣѾͽඣƽʱû¶ѧῪҵסǽһʣ
Ȱ˵
ϻλүһסĶǽ̴ôʥ˵ġ

ѧ
ʱ˵ʲôҲܲһʡ
˭һ˼뱬ըѧ˵е㱾¾뿪ɣسʥأ
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ѧĳǺõģΪҡѧ̣ҵһЩ˼룬γһµѧ˵ġȥҲǺǰ̬Ť
ǣѧ̫ױã̫ױŤ
εڳ죬˼ɣȴ峯Ѿ˷⽨ͳεļȷ棬̵Ĵ
֮ǧ꣬屻ѧסֽţסǡ峯ͳ޹ѻĶŪʲôˣ
ĶʹǹٰѧʱȾͺ˵ѧ⣬Ӱľѧʱѧֱˡ

˵ﻰȶԳֵܲûƫ׶֮ӰԶѧ˵ڹԺԲʲô¶
ϸ룬ôңѧƳġӡҲôԲǺ£
ػãĹѧѧ֧ȴǳֵܾͲһˣͳѧʦ档
ңֵѾˣǸʦܶá
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ʱȸɴѡӺҲԹΪݵأѧ
Ŷ
е㲻룬ôһѻѹˣҲ֡

ڳȴ򫡢ֵҲ߼ڶǡ
öһۣ꣬˹
οһҲгʳؿŶˡ
ȻعԣųɨһοˣȻȺԽģ
е£ŷӦԼûڹ֪˭
û˵ųýӻԺ֪Ĺأ
أȲˣйأ
ʲôأ
һʫһһʱģȰԼı
Уӵûб˵⼸Զ㣡

ðɣԶˡ⼸Զ㡱Ҹ档
ԾǣôһȺ˼Ӿһǲһһס
һָأҲģȥǵİɣ
ƲһǱߣѾˣһ㡣
һ㡭
ȳһء
Ӵصͷ˵ֵ̫ܲôײˣ
һ磬û˯ѾͱˣԺͳһȺС¶
˵Ȼ£ϾížҪѧһġ
һȡ
ؾɵˡ
°ӣַӱģǸֻʮС
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ǿͲˡһʮ޸ǲˣ£ϵ

ڣÿȺԽȻܷŹ
ʳ֮У˶ͣĶ߿˹ȻڵġС
֪ȵݣȻǺ֣

һ˵
֣СӵİϷ桭
ζЦ˭Ĺأ

һ㵣
һ磬ѧľ
ҡͷЦҿûأӺ֮ʱдһҾ˼ôˡ
أ
˵ˣӸ󡣡ңҲУһʰ뿪ӹţ
ȵͷͷ
ز
ҪҲذɡ
Ժڷã˭úóԷϹô¶͸Ӷһ죬ԣ


276 ڴ
ȾŰӵĿϳ򫡢á
ô㻹ɪܹ
Ժڷã˭úóԷϹô¶Ӷһ쳤ԣ
һ仰Ծ
οԴ˰죬۵һ
οЦľҪˡ̹˻ﺩˡ
Ц
һ仰͸˻ȥôģָűӣﵽˣȴƨɣ

οһ±˻ȥ˵ǲ֪Ժһѧҵû׼ѧûȨ
Ǳ߳šüƾʲôأʲôʸҵȳԷ
۾һƾ˵˾㣡
̵ģѧҵϼʦ˵㣬ҹܲǣϻβˣ˵ԷڹԵġõġġסģӹǣ㿴˵㲻㣿
˵ɾ͸ɣųķ
ӦӳܳһϺ
ԴӻɽĴԺƹܺרŹܲʳһ
ӴҾ˵⼸ſڵϲȵиͣأԭүˣɰλˡ
ȣԼ׶Ӳ࣬ɽĶˡ
еʱ䣬һָ򫡢ãλ첻ŷԺϰﶢŵ㣬˭ڷóһɲԡ
һǳ̼Сӣƽʱ¶࣬һػվϸ̸ۡ
գүģ
²ˣָе˭һҲҲǷԣ
ƾҳһվ죡
֮ڣҽʳһϾ͸Ҵȥ
Сβ㣡
˵꣬Ⱦߣο˸ϡ
ƽ·ֵʱ
˭ãƷӡ
ǽ𣿡
Ʒӣ򫡢öһۣаУôô˵

ʳᣬûطǹյ˷͵Ժӡ
һݣͼʦں緹̱ŸޣС۶㡣
͵ͷ࣬۶û̧װû
ҲûȤյ۶ߣС۶ôˣ綼첻ʶˣ
۶һȣרĶԸͷ
ϰһֵۣ蹻ˣ֪ˣʦ˵ˣٲͼˡ
һӣأʦӰ壬ٷʮʦȻܰ߳ȥ

ʮ˰ɣĲƶӡ
˵꣬ͣ㲻䣿
̧ƤһȣȴϵȥӰϷԷ
ϰĿʲô˵ˣʳ͡
ͱ˷룬ò˳׵Ϸûأ
Ļ˵ĻʹŮ¾Ͱˡ
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˵ʦﹻ˼һöĺöʦ
ʣȺͷˣҲϻ
ˣ
ˡ
꿼𣿡
ϡ
š
Ⱦãʹ졣
ɳŮްźˣ
ţ
ס𣿡
ʱס
סô죿սƣͲûִˡ
סʱɹҲûǸˡ
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ˡ
š
˵ˣͻǷĵġѧǿ񣬵ؼʱ̻ȵס
Ҫ˵һɧ
ʥּӺƳ̶ּеļɤӴĴԺõ
һʦһۣ˵ôҹյʥּˣ
ʦͽ˲룬æڣּ
Ϊǣּ໹ˣܹ
λ࣬Ҳ֡
ʹԴּ
һЦۼңۼҳ͸͸
˵ţؿһȣƴɣּ
һܾﲻԡ
ӺƽּӺʹ࣬۳ͶٱǼ׼ּͣӺڹ£ڲó

ôͣ
˵Ҳ̫Ц˰ɣ
Ҫҵ㣬˵£ôּⲻǴڴ𣡣

ּӲͷƤּ
ЦſȽּ˵£ɾĶȥˣúЪŰɣ

˵꣬ŷͽòȥˣȺԾظں档
Уȸ˽ɣǲǺ棿
ȿЦе㡣
ǿ϶ġ겻飬ֻ£ۼҿټһǺʴȵġ
һȵûʲôֻ
Ҳôٴּ÷ּôʽɣ
Ͼһ޹ְİôƣ
ۼּⲻڴɣ˵һӶûеĺȽ͵÷ּǹټҵ˼
˭

ǣе㲻ˣҪ


277 Ļ֮
ʵ¶Ҳͦ˼ġ
岩ȥŵطȥˣھҲʱ乻ˣ˳Ҳ˳ȥ
ڵĳУĹݴѧʿ߾ְ֮
롶侭ҪλؾУͬƽ¡ְ֪֮ɻسĶȼΡ֮Ҳٿ⣬˾
ϽѸߣˡ᲻þôȥҲлؾ³ִʹְڼȫɸʹӼֵ
һлԸΪ׵һװӣֻõĹ»
Ϊµһ֣ȻҪݻһǰμӽ฻
Ǻǫģ̸˵Ҿòڳ⼸꾩ʲô仯ûаûʲôҪעİ
ҲʵڣټѾ̯ˡ
Ǹ˵𶯹̺ϣӺƽãؾ֮ȥкô
Ͳˡ
СٽҪɽͷƽˡҶǵˣôȥһСɽͷ
Ȼ¶û˵ֻܵ㵽Ϊֹ
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˵һǧһҲֻǸһȥͽḻ̣ء
ִ˾û죬˵ټڶһࡣ
˭أȣӺơֿѷ͵ĵӣôʮꡣ
ҸΣ˵λԤˣʮ֮Ҳаɶ˼Һ
εһ߸˧̲ˣҲǴεһ߸˧ƾɶұȣ

ټҵĿһҪȵ㡣һӺƻؾˣô㴩СЬһӣҸұ˧֮
ǣΪףӦԣҪּ·
ζҲԣǹ٣˭Ҳûãʵ㣡
С£ҲûҪŸɣּӺƳԱ

еĵһطóһӽ
Ѵת๫๫
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İƤˣǻǮɣ
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ȺʦԺ֮һɢһ졣
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ӣֻȵ۵ڽ׻֮йһӣԱʱ֮衣
ʵϣո֮ʱôɹʱӣ˻ʺĽ飬ڻ֮һͯ빬
ֻǺֱͳ˹
֮زӺҲûǸȴһֱҲû빬
Ǹӣʮӣʵ
ۿѾʮһ޻ӽϣҲˡػף
ǹ˭أ
û˱ʵˣϾ빬ľ
ǣֻЩҲȥһҪлһ̽
岩ϱҪܹ̺ϵʱ˸۶̽һˡʱǸ岩롣ֵȴǷԵġ
߼Թ֣÷ԣӦûǡ
ǣ߼ǡǡ෴
ڲ֪֮Ӱӵ£ѹչ鳯͢ܣǶԳ͢ǶԻʼңģ޿ɺǡ
ֻ֪ĵϸҲ֪϶ͬ岩֮ˣŻ᱾ܵ˳Ӧԡ
ô֪ĵϸأ
粻ȥ飬ǾԲ֪ġ

ΪʲôǣȣļӺ
Ǿ͸Ѳˡ
꣬һ˻ɽع֮Ͱɢͣˡ˰꣬ŹϲڲܻʺҲϲԶ׼Ǻ˻ɽ֮йء
ߣȵĹ̺ܻʺһߵôּ󶼰ìͷָȡ
ǲǸˣӦúǰɣ



278 ڿΣ
һʦһͽһһ١
ڹԺѧ¥֮仺Уӭ峿΢ů˵İƽ͡
ЩɻԼжûʦ㰲ˣ
ֹ뿪ꡣ
ʵϣԴıĶԽԽ࣬ϵĵԽԽؿʼǺܾúܾû龰ˡ
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ľͺáȰһ
룬ȴʦʦ³˼ǣɴ൥һƲ˰κһսԿΡ

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ʵǣû֮ǰԺڲ˰սԷѾע⡣
һУԴһƴȡ
ԺһʮʿҲ˵״Ԫǰ۵ġʮԣȻʮϰѧʾѾ׵ˡ
綼оΪ˳ɾ͵ʱ򣬹Ҳܽᾭ顣
͵˷֣ڿΪҪ֮⣬ٿǰǽһʱ䣬ѧ֡Ĳ̣ҲҪá
ۼƽʿʵʫˮƽ൱ѷֳ˭˭ϰʮˣʾͳڲ֮ϡ
˵֮۹Զһ㣬Ǳ¿ʿӱȲ˵ġ
ʺͷ뾩ƪӦģõȥرۡ
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һеķŵˣȻȲڹҲӴ˶ⷽĽȡ
Ϊ֮ǰЩĵ࣬ʦڵҪǽڲ֮ѧǵȫ۹⡣
ǣ˵ﻰѧʣʮӺưһҲȲʦ³۲̣۳⡭
ʮʦҲŪһӺƣ
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ԴˣȵȻŤ͵ģֻӲͷƤˡ
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ڵĹ̺ϣռʣ㲻ǮȥʲôǷţԴ˵Եġ
αܡǮġôǮѩϼ˪
سӡֽңǮҲǮıƳûôͭͶͨг
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ЩȸɴҲҴţСүʲôҵף̺һ
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ֻҪͨ϶ޣѻƺ뽭½ϵͨҲ۴ֱԴε彫ǵ߸Եģ

ôһ˵ҶǴģȻ֪е⡣
һμĺӵһͨɾ̫ˣ
˵̣ı߾;ͱ½·ʡʱʡ̫̫ࡣңӿ˱ֱд˾·Ҳֱɱ߾
ðŵͼСʱԽԽԽԽ˷ܡ
ǣһ̾Ǻã١
ͨû̫浱ͨ˺ӣȻǨȴڳһƬ֮Уֻա
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үģѷǵ̫泯ֻҪ漰Ǩѫڿļ棬ͨ˺аһӦ󡣡
ô˵Ҳеӵ֮ԶֵһԣºͳһҲֵõġ
ǣ˷ȴвͬ
ɡ˷üͷӺǺáǡ
˵ɶôǧʽôҽȥҲ̫˽˰ɣ
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Ҫô٫е㲻סǮ޺ӡ
޺ʲô׬ͷǸⱾ׬ߺȵ顣ǰǮ͢ԵϢ
ȴȵó͢κӵɣǳǮ޺ӣ֮ͨںӵ迨Ǯ
ۣ
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Ҫչ·ǮǺǿʲôֱⲻ𣡣
һ죬ӻǮ޵ĺӣǮ쾭壬б߰ԭ·û⣬˭Ҳûҵĺӡ
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£
ʱ򣬱Ǯ̫࣬Ǿˣ



280 ¾
̺ǡӪʱͨ϶ǡʲ
Ӫʱ̹ʲ
˺üǮΪѴģ

ȻûֻȲ٫Ȼʵİˡ
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ҹڻûжء
ҪԼԼලжΪӶŪףıŪˡ
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ңֻһ滹װҲʯͷĳɹصĿʯ
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ЩʯͷڱпûãȴǱ

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ȥһüһҲôİɣ
ͼһһɫһ״ʯͷϺõľװš⻹ֽǩƷ״ǽһϸ
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㶮ƨɱȴſöࡣ˵ţСĵطŻӡ
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ʯͷҵģдáǣ̫ˣȥˣڱûС
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ȹÿգŪ˵ɽ̿ҾѡǧϺʯ̿š
У٫ͷ
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ðɣ٫һҲû˵һҲû
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ټҶ޺ӦûģͿôһˡ

֪Ȼؾ֮жȴôҲû뵽СӴͨ⡣
һϸ룬Ҳô¿С
٫˵͢ϲԿҴͨͨԴεȷʵܴ
ǰãԴӹھ֡˵ȸ淢ӳ޴֮ҲʶͨҪԡֻҪȫ̴ܱ˸ԺֲֺͲǴˡ
ң٫˵ĳеҲ⡣
ˣĻᡰϡࡱ

ûͨ飬Ҫ޻ʹ
λʹĺᣬǰλʵۣúһ޻ʹǻʹϵİԲϲǨǳǴԡ
޻ʹ飬ǵȻǡͬ⡣
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ͬ⣬֮еġͬðǾһͨ顣
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ͬˡ
˭޺ӣҲܳ͢Ǯ޺֮ҪǨô죿
ǰ̫ҪǨǵɾ˺Ӳͨ˱Ǵ⣬겻ͨԭҲ
ⲻʺǣһ˶֪ȴʺҵġۻڿع̡
ԣɲӣҲûʵ۶Ǩ롣

޺ӣҲ֮еġ
ãֲͬǰɣ
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ԽҪ޻ʹʵǸԶ衣㿴ҰѴһҪڿŵģûǨĴ㡣
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Բ˵͹һӵģǷԹ飬һ֧֣ҲǺ

˵ﻰ⼸ڳйе㵣ˮƽλ๫ʲô壬ǣҿλֿѡ
״Ԫٳ֮ǰ֧һУ˵࿴ʱ򣬾͸Ÿߣ׼û
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ǣʺ˹һֱĵ̥аȫ⣬Ҳ֮ˡ
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ʱ䣬һ߰˻ĸֿʯһౣ棬һĥôԺȺڡǿΡ
۳µף³һС͡͵óˡ

һμٹҲûʲôر
궼ᳵ·ˡֻζ˲ܻʺһЩԷˡ
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ͨ¶ȻˣҲӦֳ͢ɣǷֶٿɻû˵ء
¶ͲһӺ̸̸٣Ϳ˵ıˡ
¶ϣȷ̬롣
޷ֻ֣ı߳ԿԿ


281 İƤ
˴ġ
λͣƾһ֮ͨͨˣ๫ûʲôøС
ϾУƷΨжߣ
ǮҲֻṆ̀ʿ򣬸һˮƽϡ
ǣȶԴСһ仰ûҭ๫
̸̸ûմ

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ӹ㣬γɳƻ͢͢Թٷļۡ
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ôɣҪշѿõͷһ̰ᣬļ̫ߡټϣ˭֪ն٣һһ˵һǧô죿
ԴˣȵȻˡ
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Ӻ³һԺ˰ڹԺѾʲôˡ
Դ£ԺЩδţǲмһˣڹ칫ĳҲҡͷЦ
ƷӲھ࣬ͣĽôһȥ竣ʼԼԺˣҲҵϣĵôģ
Ȼ֪ڲ֮ϣȵļǳߡҲ񲻳ǸͷڵĻСӣôվǰϿΡ
һ죬⻻ϱɷͬ׼ȥһ
ԡδࡱвĺҲʱ䣬ȥӺƵʲô¸ϿΣ



282 ֮ѧ
ԺġѧԡڿΣȱʾѹܴ󰡡
ԣΪ׳òһȥϿΣôҲվӵģ

ɵȵһʽڿ֮ʱȻҴһȺ¡
һԺĴᣬŵȶһûԵϡ
ǺģûôѧԶǼʮ˵СѧᡣֱСѧװˣŽͬʱϿεĴᡣ
ʱ֮ѧӣԺһͷһͷһҲû١
Ǵڷܺѧһ붼ӺЦġ
뿴λʮ嶼ûȫƷӣʫֻдһġɡôϿεġ

ðɣҪǹЩȵҲûʲô첻ߵӺɶʱӹ
ֻһݣͼڿš
һ¶ӡʲôְ
зʦʦߡͺҲڣﶼϷŰ
ӶҲû٣мûģһͲʲôƲ硣
̵ģ
ôʱ˵ûϿεʱҲûټҺһȺںŰɣ
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֪οͷˣûЦƴҪ޴
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Сӡ
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ҪǹټͱˣⴿӺŪ

үͨ㾭ʱ㻹֪Ķأ
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ȿɲʲô
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һŶҪ㻻һ̫ˡ
ӿ㵹Ǵ𰡣
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û뵽ȵǸͯһڻؾ˵ԭǴģһͿסˡ
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Ҳ̫ûѶˣʦúɡ
֮ûסЦ
ʲô˽ʲôĵӣɵĵӸһĽأ
СǸǺޣӨۡһ˽ػе
ĳ壡ǹɶ𣿰ǰѧأһ㡣

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286 Բ
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ôһ˵ҪԼ˺üΣúȥ˰졣
ʱǸӡͷߵߣϣ֣Ӵ׬ˣ
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287 ѡŷ
ǡӡһ죬Ȼúÿۡ
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һ仰ȴ㶵ؿǰ⡰ӡֱΣԴתĶɹЩ¶
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291 սԴػ
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̸ֵƢʮֹŹֶȤڸмٷ֮嵽ٷ̣֮ôƵõĵ̸ֱּһһþ顣
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Ҫǣ̸ּȵɫʱͱʮ׽иּӹǶ׵ѡ
ǴѸ̸Ū֮ùоѹһγѹεİףʱٸξӻװ
޲ɣ˵ûٵȣұ֮ôóʲô⣿
ȿЦ˵⣬ҲֻǼ¾ͰѴұļһء
ǣŬ˭ˣ
οʼۻ;飬ֱȫѰȻ֮Ĳ
Ϊҿңа
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Ǳ̧ģ


293 ң
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شҪأûʲô˻лҲǸڵͷ
ǣû뵽ǣΪһʧһӦ֮Уƫƫˡ˻
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ʲô
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˵⣬ϧֿʼĬȻᡣ
ȴʱˮˡ
Խվ󣬡ûô򵥣ˮôҪ˲ҪǮ
ذļͷݸԽ
Խһͫ⣡
Ǿרõļأͷ״ΣһǾеƷ
˵˭ʵ
Խҡͷмʮ治˵
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Ҳר飬⼸Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬ΨһϧûԸвʡ
ſૡɰգ
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ôʣֻƾһ֧ͷ϶ϣʲôʣοе㲻״
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ԽƲһۺӵķ䣬һȭϡ
ο˴۵Сۡ
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οԶԴȥ֪᷶ʦǸҢɲһ
˵ţҲ׷˳ȥ
ƽһתɨһعӣ˳
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ɣýټϣ㻹вǡ
ɽĴϣοһȰȱ嶯
ѵģһĸ˺һӾɣ˵ټҰ˭

ô¶¶ƾͻϡˡ
ҲܶҢο˵ҢڷͷʢӴˣ¶ɾʹˡ
һ̯֣ȶҵˣ͹ֲֺˡ
ǺӼһҪǺи̡
ȶż

ʱɽҲѾըӪˡ
Դȥҷ֪ͣӱˡ
һȴԽȥżˣǿһһ˼ȥ
֪֮Ҳеţով˵е㲻ԣ治ԣתҪȥˡɵ鷳
ȥ
ȰżôţŹָ߷硣
죬ȥס
ְصӪָе


294 
𿴺ƽʱԾӣǼĽ飬졣
˵ںϻʮӣһƣһţʹûУ
ǾòھУ֪ʲôˣ

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ſ⼸겻ڣӺʲôˡڶԶϧٵ죬˵̰ɫ˵һִ
϶ûţĺӺƳȥꣻοЩɫֶڹԺﵱԱ
ǵȦӾͳſ£˵Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬ҲǷ޶
Ңڳж⣬ڿж⡣
ѳĻѾ˯ˣһĻϧȴûΪĿ֮Ŵôܸأ
ƫƫϧٳڻɽ֣Ҳûᡣ
ΣſħľٶҪ׮Ը
ֻû뵽ǣȻʧˣ
ûϵͲϧҲɽϹǰһ졣

ţһӣſüݡ
סһҵļͣʲôʲôˣ
ˣƷӴţ
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ǣܵſе㲻Ծסǧܿţ
ʱҢҲӺԺķͦŸӣǽһһ
ֺģʲôӣ
漴һۼͣô£
һ˵ӺƴţҢ۾һ֪СԽԽûˣҵżǰҰ
˵ţſȥϷҪһʿƾʲôʹǰ룡
ſŵͷɰ

ҢӵȰ裬ȥ

Ÿ⡣
ϵİȫɵɵؿŸǰļСӡ
ȺСڶĶİ
Ҫ찡
ܲɵ
ȺԽ˼Ѫһ㣬οס
Ľʲôšţ
ۣ
һߣһĽӡ
޴˸ζֱ
⻹û꣬Խܡšۣ
һ졣

Ȼȣܡšۣ
үģߣҿ̶ã
ۣ
ô˵ģ
ۣ
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̫ôѪˣеƲסˡ
ȥͰɣƴˣ
ţɻûһӰѾ˳ȥ
Ŷ٣ƽοһȰܵģǴ𰡣
Ȼ󣬼Ҳ˳ȥ
Ȼ񡭡
áοҰοӿǺǵģǰҴˣ
һܣȥ
ۣ
ǣ
տһĻֻŸǰ߸СųһţŸߡ
ﻹɲؽǽһʡ
жеƤ죬һŸǰƣԴһԶԶġ
Ⱥڲͣ˺üôسˣ
ΪӹΪ׵һȺƦԽڣӺĻ
ſСۿҪùˡ

ߵˬĥţżҶͦʲôʱ
ǰ͵һڣǷһţ
ֻ
ɲɵģ
ſˣ
˳µطС
˳µһһPossͷϡ
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ͷӦɳڵֻʣºߺˡ
Ļ˵ʲôͷ˾ͳ˽ȥ
ο˴ţȻһ۾ҳĸſ
ſŵĻɢ㡭Ҫʲô
ʲô
ʲôɣ
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ſӦ۴Ул˵л˵
ú˵ү
ȸ˵Ļᣬһٱߣߵſش
ʱԽοҲΧ˵ΧһȦ
ſڵİѾǵżضŲһ߿֣һ档
Ǵ˵еġȦߡɣԽƷӾ۵һ飬ſǲ
ߣſʲô㵱ӺǳصģСӻʮ͸ָŷ¥ƹ˼ҵļ˹ΪûѪ
ȡԽǲھУҪֵõſưԣ

㻹˵Խ϶ȻҲ룬Уɱſǿˡ
ҪҢǰһڣûιȥ
ôſڰ
ţϽţ


295 ͱ
ĿǰҢ˵ǲһƣǿ׳죡
˭ƽƥһҲˣ
ԣʲôʲôƷӣǸƨ
ҼҰҲ㹷ƨǡǱĵŸȥš
ֻˡ
ƷҪǺ㽲ǲƷˣ
ңȲⲻ֪ӺҢƨ㲻ϡ

ס֣
ǣǣǺôĵӣ
ӱԼΧŴҢ
˭İȺڿǺò״Ÿһء
ŸʲôҴ򣬴ߣҢˣȺūŸʲôԵģ
ŷӦƵĳȥҪ
ǣľȵ
ķҲǸźӡȴ˺üǣ͸Ͳ
ȺԽȻſߡ
οۼͳ˹һȥ֮սһš
ֻһ򣬾ûվŵżҼˡ
Ңּˣˣˣ޷ҲûãҲûá
ʱ;ǰӰһʲô֪ˡ
ԭƽźͼŤĵڣңһҢĲ֮ϡ
Ңſſصȥƽݴһڣޣ㺦ҵ˾

Ÿݣ͵һƬ
ҢһƹƵ²ʡ
ΨſΧм䣬ߵȥ޲úϵһιȥ
żҴͱˣֵİֻȴеľʣͣ޲ðǽһ̽
ʱһӽʿܲͷСŭò
䷭ƲΧ۵İա
ʲôʲôÿģɢ˰ɣ
һϰգһ˰ŸΧ˸ˮйͨ
ſһ󣬻Ǿͷ߶Сȥ𣿡
˵˸һۣȥƨѰնɢŰɣ
˵꣬ɨһ۴šϵĽӡ񲻽̵̾ģҪʮ꣬϶Ҳһ裡
Ǹ˵ſ˭ã˺ӣӺƲҪۼҽܷŹǿҼҽһɱͺ

֮ڡ
ͣ¶׵һϢſǰ
֪˭𣿡
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֪˭𣿡
ſһͣңҲ֪˵ʲô
ЦˣЦļΪ̡
һ֣ƽǳϵذĹӵݸȡ
οŷ֣ƽǴšһġ
죬軵軵ģ
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һ䣬һ䣬Ұ˵ȴһɺ⡣
𣿡
ˡˣſűεСȣڵһߴһ˻ߵ˻
Ķľ󣿡
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ſһҺ漴һУܲڳ

Խֱ³Ȼǳ˻ңҡ
Ȼ
һȵļ򣬼ȿԽҡͷ˼ǣˣʶ鷳
ҲЩԥһЩѾĹ
ǣһºҩȱݺϱ߶ǣ˽
ڲԸ⿴ԸȥƸӵ顣
ſɢķ٣յǰ
ˡ
֪˭𣿡
֪֪
ԣԺңס𣿡
סˣסˡ
۵һſԴൽϡߡ

ŸŶԺƲһֱۣ졣
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䵽﷢ý
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ſǷˣһɫǣȴһ߿֡
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Խο˸ûһ˸
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296 ҪĴ
һˣ㲻׵ı׼ȥУ಻óȥ⡣
ֶǰͬ衣
Ǿôͻأس֣Ȼʵʵڵشݻļֵۡ
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Ȼ󣬷ȥ
Ĵ˵ǰûУԺҲС

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صؿȣˣӻʼңŹ¶˭Ҳֲ㣡
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ǲǻֵܣ

~~һ̾ȥɣ
һ죬ˣ


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ۡ
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ΪԲһеľͷ
Ϊ˷ͣԲһеͶУΪǸԶɣΪ˴ΣǲϧԼӵǿ֮·ϡ
ȵԭ
ոʣΪԼΪ˻ȱܵء˼ػشǲǻֵܣ
ֻһ䣬ֵΪסꡣ˵ӺƻӺƣû䣡
ϣĴ𰸡
ֻɾͷö˵طôòԵطҲǻ

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ˣһϧٹ
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ӴǶ԰λϧٹߣָһӴҲСˣóɼˡ
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˿ޣҡͷʵŮû취õãˣ߻𣿡
˵ţȵͷܡ
ˣϧֿ˺һƽڴأźӵӾþԡ

ʵǹǹȥˣ֮С̨Ժʹȶȥ
Ӻƴլʲôլǹլ
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ΪƹܻڷĻ£ܲΪֹأ


297 ˭ɵ
ȵڼΪĴΣҲԽҲǴ󲻾
˵ʲôҲӲ
ǣֵǣΪܺߵϿȴƽʼδһԡ
һִͬƴµЩ֣ǺһЩٶһЩߡ
Ǿǣ̨ɲ˭ϱҪӺƵһɲܣ糯鶼顣
˶ϱֱӾͱ˭ԥԥģʷس⡣
һδҪڶҵ֪Ե¸ճȰ衢ʾѹס˻
⼸գʹڿϣǿȵһˡ
Ǵ뾩֮ŽĹԺǸƷӵ֪Ҳڴ˵
ǣȴͬοʵʵڷߵģ붼ۡ
ſڿǶѾãô˵ӺƷ˾ͷˣȲ˵߳˴ֱ࣬ӽþˡôڿǸʲôﰡ
ؼǣˣ˼һû¶һҢԩѺˣҲûƨãټ
ʹͳÿμȶһǰȻ಻ߡ
̷˭ǴС־Ҫʥ˵Ľɫ
ڣãʵɣλүǲ𣡲һٰǸˣûض˵ȥ
ǣȿɲ뱳ΪҮɺû°ʹϰߡ
ϵģſ°ԸģԲ

˵˭ôô𣬰ſ̫߳࣡
ңοֱҡͷҿнڲٵĺܣֻˡ
Ҳң񡢷ͬ
ңԽƲʱ͹ˬˣ˰϶߷ϣ
˭˵ǣ˿Ψһûƽ
ƽ˸ۣңʲô֪
˵꣬תߣ׷ʵĻᡭ
һοƽıӰֽУأ
ȵͷͬôǿȥģӲ֪Ķ˸ӣ

Ǻܹ˼ģȵеķ꣡
һ̬ȣ֪ѻղϣ˸˳ˮ飬ԭҪϳӺƵ౾ĳ˫ƣ˻壬ӵǸ
Ѿ̨ܸˡ
һϢˣͬ⣡ͬ⣡
ǡ
ҵӽɽȵôǸ˭Ҳ֪
ֻ֪ʱǴһأٿӳʱ򣬶ġ
ʲô
ȻǺأô۾Ͳ

ȷܲˣ侲ȴһ㲻ɵ֪ʱõ͵ٳ¶е˵ȥˡ
ˣҲһָϧΪΣһֱչźӡ
йɣʮֹɵ
ȥϿΣĵֽ
ֻǣ֮˲ٱ仯
ǣƺһʱ䶼ˡϿ֮ʱҴûȵļҲعأȾ֣ȵͷ⣻
оǣεĳһ˺ܶࡣһΪȵıȥˣһ񷨵Ϊ顣

ƽһֱУڣһЩƽ鷢
죬ȵͷиʦ밲
һšŷ޼λʦڣҲ׵λþ
ðɣŷ⡰ӡƤճˣҪӡͱķˣֻӦˡ
ͼˣʾڱ뼸λʦ͵֮ǰĻ⡣
ٯ֮ҽһټҲҪסˡ
ܱĿྸ͹ϼݵүƽңѡ
ٯ֮ң˵׻뺺ںϵ⣬ҪΣƽɱơҿӦٯ֮룬ǲܳԼ˵Ҳû˽յľ档

ڱϸţѾ˴ţԭλʦڹٯǸҵ顣
뵽ٯǸңȲҡͷЦ
ٶñŷ޿ɣٯҲп
һ
ʲôпҲ϶⼸λʦԸĿ
ôʦͽһ۾Ϳǿ϶лҪ˵ġ
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ٯǸһˡ
ӺĹϵٵ쳯ϰĿһУӹϾ߾ߣĳ٣ͨˡ
ǲ˵˰ɡ
˵ʲô治ĻѼλʦô



298 Ĺϵ
ٯڴεϣȴǴ
ϱߵĽֺǴԼȺɽġٯûǵ˿
ǺԹԽԡ
˷
ֻǺ˲ǺģҲƬϣҲôģ
غįDǼˡϵ׳ٯ˽ˡ
ҲǹŴķ߻ϵһԭ򡣺˵İǰİݣǴԽеİݡ
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ٯǸ߻ȥˣ˷ûĻ·
ǣ˭أ
ֺ򲻹ٯȫǱֺɱģԼҲֺ²
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ҲǷŵһֱĵġ
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300 ̸ְ
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˶Խϲĵز˰Ҳ佣ΪΡ
Ǿ࣬˶˭ҲֲסһѺýջ
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304 ҹо
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305 Ϻ
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307 
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ԬȻһЦȵӪвٯͼƭǣڽʿãɻϵ
ᣡᣡ
Ǹͣò϶ֱѪ
ʱסҪĲܾ
ˡ
ʮıûʲô쵰ûһϽ˧֪ˡ
϶ŭɳϣҧĿ졣
ãһǹбָϡ
Ҳܾģ
ղȡȹͷ
ӵһǹ
ҳ־ģ
ղȡȹͷ

ĺġ
ضģ
Һֶģ
ҶҶģ
¼ʮ˱޲߸ģ
ղȡȹͷ
ǰž䣬ʹǼԬãҲŵ©һġ
֮ȴˣһǰղݶʣһвܾˡ
˵Ǿдвܼ֮󣬵ټҵСӣ䷻䡣Ϣӹ߱Ǯʮ

˽ǾȲŲб嵽ǰŴſǻǡǲš
һﲻ߳ǣԬЦЦؿǡ
һ󣡣

ֵǣ齫δۣǣ
սɣ
Ѷ
ǣսδˣڲ࣡
ܾ׺ݵĿתϮٯˣǹǰҵֵܣϽҲʼˣ
ſߣ㣬ң
һȡ

ѣǹβҵأ

¥ʿǣɴ˼֤˹һĻ
ֻ£ٶбѸٽ󣬰˱м䣬ųӭٯһһĹơ
ӦǴһֱսƻ裬ֻٶˣȴȻŭеʯ㵶ˣȴȻ
˵ıסٯ׷ס˹Ͼ˵
Ǵ˿̣ȴԼǳص档
⣡
ľˣ
ʿЩʪһ̣ʹʯ֮ģᱻӪ飡
ǡ
ֻͨıԱЩûûεĽ

һӡ
ҲͶһӣԬš
һ֮ʲôȡ׼šĺݻѪȾĴɢ
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Ȼһ֮󣬳µĺɱ֮ûͣǰٶڴŴӦУ
ʱ֮ǻվţʬѾ˰ߣ
Ԭеˣ
һʱ֮
ţܶ𣿡ܾþȫһٯˡ
ǹͱˣĵҲѾǻڡ
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ſŵĲУӪͷߣϾ͵
һ죬е顣
ǿҪվ˺üζûɹݰһѣŻε
ֻϲѾ޷յˡ
ұۣ֣
ͷּˣŸɶ
巢֮ĸһܶ
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Ӳһܵһ
ܾ˵ˣű˻ȥٯ
첲Ϊһġ
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ţһ
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ϵԬóһڽˣ
ֻһû꣬͸оµĳǶ΢΢Ĳ
Ԭһ䡣ɻ˾ΪǸоԽԽԡ
ڣز¡¡죬͵ǲһֻ
һŻѣҹĻĻȣӳǲ·ɱ
ˡ
ԬȻ˵ϣͷϴһ֣ʾŵӪԬõˣ


ܾãһӦöΣ
ĺĴӳǲɱǧ
ĺĳٯ󡭡
ۿŴξٯ˳䣬ۿֳһʿǻڵУ
ܾţţӪʮ˶ţ
ܵĽ
浶
۵ġ˵ġ֮Ļþ
ٯ˻Ȼƻɱǰ

ɱʱҲںȻ
콫
ſڵĲңЩþսľ֮էࡣ
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һٶʼαȻڵϡ
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ʼղϷ±УʹٯѾӣᱮ
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ȷĹ㣬λʿɰˣ
Ĺ㣿
ܾ۾е㻨ҲǲĹ㡭
ֻ϶֪ôġ
ܵһ۳







ǵӪĲо
Ȼǧף
Ǳݳϵر
֮쳹ϣ


309 Ը

һ
Ϊ֮ɫ䣡
Ƿϰأ·һָˣرͬǶʮԡѪսһѺӺɽ𺳣
жһоֻҪıһٸٯǸֺξ֮У
ֻҪı
ξ͵ˣ

ܾѪͫĬĬĨ˰ȻѾеĳһӣսɭЦԸʱˡ
˵꣬Ȼ
ǣ
˻𡭡
õľ˺һַ·Ķһ
ǰΪ֮һ࣬ڿֻ֮һ˻쳹
ǧһ̤ԾжӣڵӪΧ
ʮѪˣ䶫վȣȴ˳ǰΨһǣ
âɣ
Ǵɱʿʮ˲Ӣۣ
ֵ壬ֵķʽ¾
ڣ
ǵĳźȻ򿪡
̫ƽѪޣƬء
ܾһص˳ǶӪʳȾĳǶһŴѪĽӡ

ʱĹߣƤֱ
⡭ⲻϹء
δһǵĵ֮
ĹȴȻһۣĹأڽʿûʸ񣿣
ﱻȫޣδͼǧѾжʲôĹء
һǧｫһǹָ죬͵һ١


ɫס
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ӦȣӪǣ׼ˡ
ǡ
ˣûˣ

ܾʱǰԵıʿӶгѪǰɪɪԬã
²ԽԽ죬ѾСܡ
һ̣ԱʿӦƶﻹûӦܾѾײԬǰ
ʲ
Ԭôʧɫû˵ȫ;ǰһܾѾѵܵˡŵ˫һͨ͹˵ϡ
ܾһתһѱסԬõԴһ˻ơݵѪζԬöߴǵʡˣ

ĹսǶͼһĻֹ
׳ʿҪ
Ѿˣ
ܾЦţ͵һק
~~
ԬûͿԼͨһ˵ڵϡ
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ԬþҲֵһͷڻɱ·ϵ
ʿҲһۣѾɱˣг˺ޣûĶϧһԱͽ

£
ܾԬõԴ˵򣬸û¶
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ǲܱ֮
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Խ򣬲ܾܾ壡
ɱۣ϶ЦĸӲ̡
ɱӣñ̲¡ûҲ䣡
㡭ָܾһˣĿָһˡ
㣡
㣡
ˣҪֵᣡ

ĹһѪûιȥ
֮ǰˣѪ࣬ңиӡ
ĹҲͲܼ϶ϵһ
ȡȣ
Ĺ˵ʱܲƫˡ
ԽԸѾԽ򡭡ȥҡҸ죡
Ը꣬Цĳļ򣬡ϲ½˸ǲĴڣ

ȵȻ֪϶ܵȥ˹˻
ִ֪ĵӪô
ûˡ
ڷǣûˣԼ㲻ŹȴƸ
ʵҲûɶǣŹϹȥ
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Źȡ˰ʱˣ˵˯ˣŵȡ
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صԼС¥ֿʼͷۣˡ
ޡСöڣ⼸ܺӵȻҲٲˡ
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Һð
һݾͼ壬СģΧһԴŮһˣҲû
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򹧾֣£
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Ƶ¥ˡ
ۼ˻ɽ֮ʵ˴æǣæ﷢ġ
ΪΪʲôѸŪɽ


310 Ǹ
Ǹߣʱ׷飬Ūıˡ
ԣڸȴͻ֮Եڶûᣬ֮Ŀ
ԴˣֻܱԿЦֻܴӳ飬ܴܲͻͷ

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ȥүģܲ߼ģ
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˵ҹŹһǲ²ģźơ
Ȼòһ
һˣŹƤЦⲻЦĵʲôüģ
ûʲôüġ
ѵ
Źһû뵽˵ôһ䡣ѵһ죬ʲô硣
ôĵӣϴ̬𣡣Źڶ˲סˣɫ
ȻƵǲӦ̬أ
˵䣬Ȳһ̾ΪʲôΪǱġ
֮󣬲ҲǸһЩ²˵ǲȴ˵
ѵ
һ
Źȵļף춯Ūһҡ
ʲô¶ͱ˵òһڴˣ
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żҸߵ̫ܴĽǶ˵Ǵӱķ濼ܰŹʲôẦ
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ǡ
Źɫһֺ࣬γ֪
Դӵ֮Ű裬ûʲôãȴѾһĲǡ
ǣô죿ҢĿס
˵˭ɣ

ǵˡ

۳ã˭ܻ
ȻǹټҡֻҪϤ̷ټңЩơЩټʰܵðίأ
ŹһȻѱ˵ְֻӺᣬ֪еĹ򡣡
ܻʺвܼܣʮȻλȹ̡
أ
Ң޿һһѻյϣ˵˶ûУֻеķݡ
֪ʲôֵĵǶġ󹬲ܻʺáϹǰûһһ۵Ĺƽˡʲôõĵأ
ﻹв³ǣãɻ
ŹһͣӺơʲô˼
ŵù񣬲Ե﹬Ǹɽ˻ǽǿ԰ﵲһġ
ŹȻһӺƣ棿
漴־ʧ̬Σ͵һ硣
Ȼʵܼ򵥣ǲĳһ̷£޶ģҲǲĳܼǲѣеĹϵǻۣӦǲġ
ⷬһǸλģһǸŹġ


311 
Ȼûȵˣϵ¡ֻǷıɫʲôڶˡ
ȴ˷ʧϣҲһ۶
˼ǣͻʵվһߣǾվһߡΪǾԵĻʵ۵ˣǸġ
ͬʱҲڰʾŹڹܻʺЩЩշôܼѡ
ŹǴˣһ͸
һӺƹȻԣǸֱڿĺӣܽˡ
ңȼæ
ŹڹʵЩԲܻʺǶȣаһġ
˵ⷬûԼɡˡˣð֮ﻹҪǣ
Ӻƣˣ´ӺѪףҪӺƶ·أ
á
λ˵֪ôΣСӺþͺڣ֪ʲôʱˣ룬ʲôʱš
Ƿӣ
ûһˣ
˼ҳ强Ļ͸ǳȥˣλȻҲ͸óˡ
Ȼˡ
ǺģôǸΪʵڰʡŹ̫֣Ϊ
ͼŹִٵһӣ檡
װģһ̾쵰СĿˣ˵ҲûĪҪ֮ƽϡ
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⻰ԽǰԼС˵飬֮ѾԲˡң̨¡
ŹȻջԭҪ˵Ƿ˵ǣЦȴûãƽ˼Ѱ˼ҵء
Ц֮ˣȻǸСһʶˣһȥ
˵ţʹߣŹǴˣӦôԺڹҪԴ˽̡
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ߺŹԳá
ˡ̣ȥʺǱߴ˵һҪȥ밲



ŹҲһĲ
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ͨ赼Ѿ꿪Ϳڡһϱˮ·һͨҵҲ˵һͿԴĵĿˡ
軥еҲüĿ
Ҫ̵˰԰ǴҲҪݻ˵˰
Үһĥ¶ռˡǸӢگͣ˰¶ҲͲˡ
һѸٴЭ飬سУͨޡ
ǸƵطݸʵǸũ塣
ʵϣʮɳ復֮أɱݸǴũ塣
ݳҲһ˿ڣֲͨУ˰Ƿչһǡ
УĸµĺҲµػˡ
һǹŹǰһҪҽ죬ϧչ΢⺩ܾͽˡ

ʱ£ԽԽ֮ҲԽԽ䡣
ͺеǰסȴ̤ʵˡ
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ԴˣҲĬˡ
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һȥˣ֮ѡȴ˸⡣
ȵ˼ȻҪİƤеľһλãϹܲõ顣
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ǣ뵽˳ִУǸֱӣ
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312 ܾ֮Σ
ֲؾȾ͸˲Ӭһġ
ϻɱҢѶԸĶ࣬ʲôӡ
ȶĵǣʼͺͷͶŸɵģ̱ҲסȸͽԺ
ң㻹òд

ĵ¶ں档
һ糿û೤ʱĲ٫һ߿ȵķš
֮󣬶˵ֱӰһ౨˦ϡ
һӶˡ
ܣܣ϶ܹȥˣ
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ڶ糯ȺֱӾըˡ
ϱҳһ࣬϶ҵɱˣǸ˿ʵǷսѩϼ˪
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313 
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˶ѡԵغˣԬðʵ
˶ˣӪپʿ
Ǹϣһͷһͷ
˶Ϊ˴һϵĺôʹûһˣһ˲뵽ЩѪϵж
Ϊʲôû˵ԬõĲأ
ΪԬõǳǰྸ档
һȦĹ٣
ԬÿҪ׷ȥܲˣΪֱٵྸ϶Ҳܲˡ
õɱĹͷϣѾ˵ĵߡҪྸǴγĳŤôܵˣ
ôҹš
ŵǰһСһ㶵ؿСøŵۺᣬ֪롣
ûǣһȥ
Ҳ֪һȺƢе㲻񻰣Ʋס
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λڻûӲ
ܻʺڼʲôʱҪˡҪʱ˭
ԣֻúûԼܻʺ֤һò϶¶
ǣ¶ôð
ѣ
糯ֻǸʼһֱ꣬Ǿûͣһϱϰܾ
ֲвȡ

ȶпԶõĹϵΪܾʦͶȥ߶
Ӣɹʹȱ˹֮ʱ˵˼û
˵ȣŹڰŲܼʹ
ҲͨˣΪҢڸȣΪ˲ܾ¶Ң˹
пΪܾ˵ģ˽šͰˡ
Źһܻʺݺãܼҳ⵵¶˵ÿһΪܾ˵ǼΪҪġ
ǣŹ뵽ҢҲǺģܼһ顣
ǣû뵽ҢǰŴӦպܾ˵ڶͷˮֲվͬһߡ
ŹûιȥӺ˵ûҢȻǿסġ
һʮģǺ
˵ǡˡ븻͹ϵǳң·뺫ͨ㲻֣ҲӦ侮ʯ
ǣ˭Ҳû뵽͵ĵ˼ֲվһ

Ӧ֮ƫ̻ҲֻԹսΪɣƽ֮˵
ֻһϣܽԲܵСʱԽŵƽҵƣܲܰСӵ¶¶СС¶ˡ
ҲȷʵΡ
һϹüٯǸ߷ɾ裬ٳҹϮعأһٴٯ
ٯܣξ׷ߵǧһȫٯٯǸ߼ȥһѻ˴϶ǡȻŲвˣӵȥˡ
ˣٯξʤԲľš
ϢؾǣȻһ»ƽ˵ҷ
Ҳ˵ȻûʧƽѵĹͣҲĳ롣
µѱһףּҪһʵϱɸ䡣

ǣû뵽ǣ̡
ٯ֮Ǳƽˣϱ鱨Ҫϰܾӷˡ
ൽˡ
֮ǰ˰Сһѵ뷨ûʼƣͱ˻ȥ



314 
㵹취
٫ѾסˣһȰ˱飬Բߡôȥܾǿ϶Ӳġ
ʲô취Ⱥ޺޵õİ취ǣȫĹٶôŪ
ԴˣȳƽȴҲһжûС
еһѾǹⶢһ϶ˣǰѻת˵ࡣ
Ϊʲô
ΪӮˣ
ôƵɣӮˣǷˣǵðɡ
ƫƫڴΣݻƾʮɡ
ܸʹƽѵģһսƽٯǸߣ˲֮
֮ô죿


Ҫôͣô
Ѿִĸλ
Ĺܸ
Ѿ͸¶õͷĳҲ̲˵ġ
һɱͼȥִȨ
ԣھ㲻ĲܾĳҲվ˼ֲһߡ
ֻһͷŲܾ¶ŵѱ¶ҲҪѵ
ҪͷѽΣǾĳĳ衣

ֲھ͸˼Ѫһ볯һ÷֮ġһսܷһսȹλȫһսˡ
ԣ˭˵ʹǸɣ
Ѿ¶ܻᴥŭӺƣŭټҡǼ๫Ҳܲˣ˵˳ȥѣһֵȥƴһء
뷶ͣӺƵĹϵ޿ˡ


һ괺
ʱһһĹȥڳһ־Ҳʲôˡ
ֻܵȵʦ֮ƽϡ
ԭ㽫Ͼƽһ֮ٻؾĵ࣬Ϊ̫Եʣò֮ʦͣػؾ
УȰҹˣͬλʦһʮλӦԾͽԺ
ʱһ´ͼϧٲźһ
Ǹȥ
ӺһЦԺ˰ˣתת
Ŷ
û¶ߣҲˣȥתת
ǣҪǲͲˡ
߳Զϧһ䣬ͺˣɶɵͲò˰ɣ
ϧ˲ͺˣʶ֡
ȺٺһЦû˵Ȼͷߡ
صԺԼС¥ҪǸ˯ȥͼҴҵܽ
Сʦȥɣ
Ⱥ޵ĺ׾һӣôССʦ㣡
СʦôôС
ź󾱣ٺɵЦСʦ
⻵СӵȻ֪Сʦ⣬ǹġ
úƤʲôοֺͳֵ̼ܳˣ
û⡣Ժſڶ˼ˣó϶ˡ
Ŷȵͷ£ʲôÿģ
ģһ䡣
ҵģһɡ
ǳɱֲһ䡣
ôģ̧־һƣ⵹ùӶʮˣһ˵ûУᡣ
ôͲһΰѻ˵꣡
ίʦ˵б⣡
ѧõģһ䣬̧ߡ

ǡ
мǹңһ·СܵĵԺţԶԶͼϤӰɽŲ졣
ֻǣǼԽԽȴͣסˣǦһ㣬һȥҲžˡ
ʥʯ£׾ԺվǶ
һǫ
ͷǸţͣĵҾض·ǽʲô
ȶǶһȥģǾ
ûұۣ

λӣƴɵѣڴ¡
ƴҲеģ
ڼǰĳñĵɨżˡ
ʲôݣԼûҪ׹ϵҲطˣ
ûС
ҲûУ֪ʲôطǹԺĽʥأټҵڣ
֪֪ҵ֪Ǿȥɡûб˼
֪ҴõɫŨ֪ʲô˲ܽ𣿡
֪
˳дԱֻС
ָԼ°ϵġ֣ûֻǿԳ룡
˵⼸Ҳ˵Сƽ͵ѣСƽ;йѣʲôλҲܸʵģ
ǰȵæˡ
Ըήңսɷ񣬻صʵǾͼɱ
˵ЩĳһҲָǵıӺ
ҪذɡһС
أ
תߣȴ͵ĸоǰӰһ˳˹
ܵ´꣬оⱩ䡣
Ȼȴǳǡ
ڵɫʲô֪˳ȥڵϣ۵жûгһĴӡӾ
һߣһƿڴ
Ҳүģ


315 ֮ս
ǴδȷôĻҲֻ䣬෣첻ԡ
Ƿ͵ĵӣ򲻵ѣǰҪ˹ĵġ
ǣڡ
ӺƷˣ
Ժǰĳ١лɽߵİգһĽ
ӺƣһߵڵϣȻһ߿
ôүģ
һߣһһߵᡭ
ۿ˵͵Ķ
ô̳ôࣿ

һʱ𣬶Ȥζؽ̵Ӫľ»ʹɵʱ˾ţơ
ǼֵҲᱻ͵ȥڻңҲȫӪֻʣ²ʮˡ
ϲܸһۣڻһٵļʥָű裡
ɣɿס֣
ʱҲȣæ
ɿסְ
ߵֱУϲûأˡ
ֵǱ𣡣ȴſǻһûͣ˼
˵ã˵ԼЩ˲˵ˡ
סһ֧첲סȡ
ŷӦְ˽ŵİȱס
ѾˣеŭȴһҲ
ҴĶˣ
ƾʲôң
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Ǳ͡
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Ϊ
ˣԶ޷һĻ
ӺƣǸӣʱȴһ˵ĺһ㣬סǸۺӺޡ

ǳסˣԺǰһڵҲסˡ
ԶһһС޵ŮǱȵĲҺ𺳡
⻹Ǹ첻µزµƷ

ϲܡҺѽ
޴شţ۾
˵ǰǵ
ԣ޵øס
⼸Ϊܾ͵ӪѹıƣһƺҲƲסһԵй
ܣתƻ˺Ӵģ˽ܵסִŵġ
һͷãŵĳһ¡
Ҵ
òáһֱֻҡ¶
˵ţá
ϵܣԲסֵƢãҴ
ŭ򣬻ͷŪ
ú˵װŭͶ£ⲻҲˣ
Ǳ͡˵һ룬ԼҲסˣ˰ŵˡûɶ
ĪһʹڵݵĲھӪĲûģǸսϵĲ
ģ
ǼϱʶġͷмڵӪϱʶֻ
پЩ飬ȿͷˣæܡ
ǺӪģءֵܡ
ֵֶܵǰӪǳ˵ƴɣӪЩضǴɵµġ
ءԣ͵һ
ǵľأ
ҪûЩذѵӪѵñȾ˻ˣع£ûôǿִû˵֮ս
ˬԼֵܣض񣡡
תȣֵӪΨһϱعͷҪûǣӪϵӣҲܶסٯʱ͹
һʱع¶ʱ
Ӫعضٯʱ
ǻм٣ɫٶٯȫϸһ̴Ưɣ

ȥߣһȥ
ϲͷߡ
ѵսģ
Ų˻صԼС¥˰Ѳ٫˹Ѵǵݿʼÿһϸڣһһ
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ǣȽǸɫƣϲҲɣ°εıݣνӵԬ֮δģ˻رݣѪսţ϶ôɱԬãһһ
϶Ԭ֮󣬾ݡ֮˷ֱӾ͵˴ռ֪࣬أ
٣Ҫ˵ϸ۾ɣ˸ƷУξȥ
Ȳ˵꣬Ȳŵ٫һۣп
ٶǧɱн룿
˧౨һĶûУ
ĺġ
٫һץסֱۣɸұ֤ްԣ
ԣƶզˣɶģǧͽϾΪҵ֤
ԣһӣߣ
ȥ£

֮ǰڹס£ϲܲϣ˵Ǹ˼ٳģһûӪ
Դˣ٫ֻ΢΢һЦ˸ۣôĻӪءȻϲܵסŰɣ
ϲܰէ࣬ǳϢˣĶǴһ仰ܰ¡
ȴ٫ֵǾҵܵܵҲܼҵĶˡ飬Ҳ٫
˵꣬һֱĴ¶ȥ

˴£һǹүƷҪܼ϶Ȼش˽˴µĺԺ
ԭ϶ûڼΣźԺ˸Ժӣüţռˡ
˼ֲ֣϶ܵչ̫ˣҪûչˣ٫÷ˡ
һԺӣ٫Ŀһֻ϶Ժʽ
ֻǶ£ȴʯȫڵðǰĴӡںˮҫ£򣡣
ܾһˣҲһ㶣ʯЦˣ
硭
٫ῴŵܵܣ͵ĳһơ
˶⼸Ķȥˣ
ܾԴһᣬȴһ㲻
ȻЦţ
硭
û۲ܼҶ


316 糯
磬û۲ܼҶˣ
϶ᵭһ䣬һӴ˲٫ͷ͵ܵܣſǻ״εصã綼˵ˣðû׹ϲܼҵ
ܾЦˣһ統ȥʱһЦļΪ㡣
һ˳ȥȻûӺ˵ϣȴҵ˲ܼ˵ѪԡֱףγЩûϵġ
ǣȴм֣Ҳû˾˵ıݣ
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û¶Цɣ¶ˡ
ȿźͼǰһ˵Ĳܾһʱ֪˵ʲôˡ
ǲֿܾˡ
˵Ǹʲôƨϡ
ˣϧܾѵʼ磬ϧûš
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ȻЦûţҰһ

ȺͲ٫Ӵ³ʱѾһʱ֮ˡ
վڴǰ꾩ϵĳˮ٫ɫΪѿ
·Щ˵Ҫһǣ
ʵԶȵսдĸ˲ţôվڳ¥ϣؿŵӪľһһص¡
٫ûǵʱҲڱݳ£Ʋõ֣ܵܳҲñߡ
ѾҪˡ˫ĿûнԶѾ죡
˵ðӣֻͿǰǵԴǣ漰ܾ֮£ֲòǼա
񣬹µʮཫѾѺˣֻȲܾǰɱһ¹дá
Զ׼Ҳʲô³
ڵĹؼǳаٹ١
٫ŭʵڣҼ϶ɱҲԵҲﲻǻʲô
ߣЦһҪǺ㽲ûнյľˡ
ô죿٫ٵҪ󲻸ߣֻҪס϶С
ֻҪסôܾѾԼԼˣܷ䵽ĶԲܼھеӰ죬ò϶ھйļ
ð죡ȴǰȥ
ȻǲҲԲ

ڶһ磬糯û£Ⱦ˵˻ɽͷϡʱӴģĹ͵Ӫµʮֵܡ
ˣҶˡĹһָĵӪ
ֻʮһˣһ£ȻͿȥ۳Ŷ
ǳɽֵطе㲻ϰߡ
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߶ϾǷ¥¥ͷϽģʿ۳٣޹Ľ°·ۿһ۶ҡ
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סˣһָµĵƤӵĵ̶ԺҺߡ˭ôҶ˴򣬳¶Ҷţ
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˵ô̱ģ
˵ţһҴǹٴ
ӴģǴµòѹŹϵʮཫ
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϶ֻɼѹţûϼϣһԵеۡ
´һȺ͵ӪֵǴкȻߣ˵ɣҸȫģòȶԶԴʣ
Цˣãһ͸ˡ

Ժģ֮أΪΪӦÿ궼ȼٺ󽨵ģλԺ档
ʱڸλۿİٹٳһࡣ
໹ˣܾǰɱ鱨ս飬ȻҪǣһҡܡķ粨
ڣ٫һڳԵüεӰֻ

٫࣬ҳ´ʣҺ֮ʵλǲţϴӪһʱ֪
ߣҢһʲôʵģЩɱǵҺ󣬴򵥣
ŭǧ䣬˵ʹģ
Ңһüͷǿ˵׼
˵׼Ⱥҧ֮Ϊ飡
ϵĺҡͷǳš
˭ĳսϷ䣬г𣡣
ʥ֮Ȼǳ
٫ˣҲʥ֮ģӹһʥ˴ģ
ǣ⻰ȴ˵ڣһ˵Ͷըˡ
ͨ죬ָһĳֱǡǡ
һֱû˵ļֲʱƤ²شϵϹʲôٹٽԷУ˵Ҷ˼ͨˡ
˵ֲһ̧ۣЦؿã
ٵģǼٵġ
ƾ˾Ѽٵ˵ģδҲ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
һѣΣᶼˡ
ǣǡ
ǲ
Ͻʮ䣬ʱĵ˫ֱ죬˽ʿǵģ˭ң˭Ϊս

һڳۿ³ðȴȻ޶ԡ
٫ʱѾ˼㣬˻ĥôǷʰǷ


317 ǰ
ǻẮ˽ʿǵİ
ģ
ֲȻϷҪģҪǡġ
γ˵ĴγˣʵʵıҲˣòǸĵط
һսٵľƶû
Ͻ󣺡ܼ϶һԸҲҪΪЧ˵֮δݳ֮ľͷǳǡǺαطҪأ
ֲһ˵ҵȵˣܾоλŽȴҪӡȴҪһˣ
㣡

ˣڳˡ
Ϲ壡Ե񲻻û󶨰𣿹Ҫţ޶;һ
£ʲô๫ˡ
෢ǻʵ۵Ӷġ
Ⱥٹ⹹һ㣬ЩֱԴ
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һʱԣٹٳû࣬ɽĪҪΥĳ⣬Ҫϰܾ࣡
ǡҲĲС
ŵ³ĩ볤ҾȺаڱް
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ˣﳼܾϵ
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ôҪ죬Ҫһк˵ǰɣ
Ҫ󡭡
ȴڴˡܾ֮Ӧɱ̲µȸӦڴ¹ãǴ֮ϣ
޲𣿡
ܣҪּּС

Ǵλʵ۵ľ˵ƫ̻һСӣµּҲЧ
Ҫּ𣿡
ô๫׼
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⡭
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ּӺƼӪһʮ~~
䣬ͼȴͷǰӪܾڣ
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ʲô±ѿ
ˣ
ǣģںͷ
ԣûŭôˡ
޸пںȣȥȱˮԺɣ


˶ˡ
ȷӦ֮ҲףӺôƽ׵ľ
һƣ
ֻﲻ׵ǣټΪʲôð֮ΥƷϽ֣
ʲô
ɲһʿ룬ܽ⡣

ľôˣȺá
Ǹˡ
Ңһۣô
ԣڲ֮ǰȰѻʹ˵ˡ

ܾ飬е˧ս飬ǲţֲԸȥ֤ݣǺҶ֪
ڲ˵һʱ򣬸һ档
ûϵ
ԸȥϴӪ֤Ҳû¶ҽ֤ݸǴˣ

ˣֲһʲô֤ݣ
Ȼȣˣ

Ӫһʮ˱ܵһ
һЬײĺȻڴ֮лص
ǰһֻһܿһ֧ʲôܱȵġ
ڳŵĲɵһΪһĿһʮ˵ʱɱݣһ˫˫۾ɵֱš
㡭Ҫʲô
ҢûˣӺӦòڴװɣ


318 ĺͲ
ȲҢȻֺȣҿ
жף

ʮŸɱڵźһƵĴĴֱ
ֵļʮˣһǧơҪǹټзԸ糯в۷ʲôᣬǲͳˡ
һܾڣʮ˿ʼȥϵսס
ƣֲָЪ˹شСɺͳɺͳ
аʵϳĵطӺȴһȺ·
񷨺ڣҴϺڣ
Ȼʣϣ
˵ţ͵һܾ¡ʱ϶չǰ
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ںй۲ǰҲһسǰȥ
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ϣǿڽʿǵϣ

һʮݾϣ˴εϣ
һ̡ؿʮ˵źֱۡ
ÿһϼûһõطһһ̣һĳƽ
Щʼǵ׾սģ
֤ݹɨˡǵ˵֤ݹ
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ʱڸУʲôˡˣʲô֮ĵ̺͹ĺǰôĲ԰ף
һλϴȺɱд˴񣬼æõһߡ
ĳܲ𰡣
ܵ𡭡
˵꣬һҾ
ȰѸȺ۾ɨڳ
ţ֮л֪֮ġԣʱҪĹȥһûʼ֮ǰȥɣ
ԣ࣬Ȼһ̾븻߰ɡ
˵꣬Яֳȥ
ҿ˵ι˵ˣģСܸϡ
һֻϹİĬƷӺ
ˣǲˣĬĬҲ˳ȥ
ȻӪʿϵ˰ȷʵ˵һУսû٣

ϡϡƬƬߣ󣬴ֻʮĳȻվڼֲߣокҢ
ֱֲôһȺûĶӺƺƼͶҡˣ
ʱߵֲߣ๫Ҫĵװ
ֲƤڶû費棬ⲻԽˡ
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322 ׼ֻ
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324 սԲ
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ԣһʱ
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ԣȾҪֲ֣һͨͨϾ˳ġͨ磬Ҳͻ
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325 
ڵӪһʮʿĴǽͽٸڽ֮иıһְһʰιǿ϶Ắ˽ʿǵĵġ
ǣܾͲһ֮ǣȴ˱뷨
ȥһۣǲٵְģӪҲ״ˡ
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ɲᵽ˾꣬ᵽӣѵһ֧֮Ӫ
ԣȽ˹ĿϾӪʹһ׷Ӳġ

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´ɷģֻҪԼѵӪ־ȥ￪ս£Ȼһ֧ǿ
ζе˼
ԣƶ·ʱ۶жôǿ󣬾µһĽ֪ͣУҲҪԼıʹǵڶֵĽ£Ҳ٣񡣡
ºϽԻǿһ֧ͳĲӣӢ۵
Ӣۻ˵ĳ֣ҲԼʽ֣Ըʽ֡ɺܼ򵥣ܵͬͳӰ졣ͬԸʣκһ֧ӶԼĴͳ
ⷬǺеģԶĲ˵εЩţһһѭڵԸʴġֻ쵽˾֮Уֱԣһ֧ҲԸʡ
ʣȴѶ
ͳʲôͳһԸһʡִͳֲ齨ʱνٵԸʾģ֧עꡣӴˣʧԱ֧ڡ
ʲô˵ĵӪıꡣǴγѻĺĩ֮Сǿǿʲôǿľһľʣþһǰı꣡
۵ӪȻǵҹѣȻΧǣǸΪˣʵ־δܹսһˡ
һ仰·ʤָңǵӪһսĹؼ
˵һ󲻾Ļɨáξȱٵһǰƣȱָľ񣡡

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˵ĺãνһһѡǴ˼۴ڵľ飬û˿ǹЩװϹָӵ
ΰүүͶڲװϹָһģ
ȿȡɤӡɵ˼ôξ˼һѪԣܡ
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һήֵǣĪǿȰѵӪһͣʿȻټһЩ
һЩʲôֱԱǡ
Ȼ˵ˣҲûʲôֵˡ
ӵӪĽʿ֮еԺν̡
Ժν̣˵밡ȥˣǻó죿
ǵģȼᶨôģҲˣѧ˵ǧŽУҲ̫ˣضҴε
ټ˼Ĵͳһʱ޷ıģһӴ飬һ˽ʲôǱʲôǾӣǣԴΣкôġ
ЩսսҲ͹˰ɣ
ǾòףϾģڴμֱǲܵġ
ò廰²֪ĹپٶսپսԣʲôǱ֪µľʲôҲһһ֧ǿ
⡭һ̯֡ȥͳ˵أ
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ˡ
ˣпԺûУڳףϿͱҪ
ûУһۣǻʵ۷ԸˡһףУûУ
ŪˣСʹӾʹֳϡ
ûҲСʺڼΪһҪڳģ


326 Ӫ
ںһۣ˵һʵԼ˽ӣȴϡ
Ȼ˾Ϳˣ˵ʵˣ˻ʵۣȴԼӶϣֱǳ

ðɣĳʲôȲ֪ڴγ˵˽ˣͲ˽ģϾϵġ
γд³»רġ֤ǻˣԺܻĴ
λǮ׵ȵȡ
£ʵ˵˲ģһƹܡ
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¶ȿԵģֻùԹհ졣
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ֱۣȺܵ۵Ӫһף
ⲻĵģֻһҪ󡭡
ɶ
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ȻˣҲֱӰΰһȥʦ͡
ԺģǹأöȡӦԺ涼øģúʦһҲȥð졣
Ժ໥ʱȸɵ⣬ȶĹҲܼ򵥣
ûһиƷõԺͳһ䷢
һĥУõĶһҲͲñˡ
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ȺٺһЦˣĵһһСӵϣܲεǣ
ΰһҲ̫˵ɣ



327 Ժ
Сϣһ׵Ӷƶȡ
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󣬾ǹԺЩùѧԡ
׼ڹԺСƱʵйơ
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ң滹涨ʲôīֽ⡢ڿӡۡ⡰һЩƱ
ԣ׷ķƱòżأǴĸҲڡ
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ð죡
ԸԺ򹤣֣ùƱ
֡к֣ܶĹҲͬСﶼء
磬ɨիʳ﹤ɽ̿ʲôСֻҪϳԺ϶ܳԵñů
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УƶĵͷȻҪģǾͳ׵
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ԣʺϢһڻɽĳͶ۵ǰ۰Ͱ͵صŶ
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Ⱥ˷ûӻЩħŮ١
Ծز֮󣬸ʮδжȻŮ춨ЩкĿԲԣ˷ǻֻԸ԰οˡ

ʱҲѶԶԶؿߵΡ
Ȱο˲٫䣬ߵߣʺǿ϶ֲͷҽġ
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328 Ͼ
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һڳǽŵĲˣеѾʼѧŲ٫ӣˡ
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վڲ٫ߣľˮûʲô
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˴˵ĿԹҲǸϾεĵλת˽꣬䵽̫ԕY
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ΪΪεһģɱ֤ûŴɵ·


329 ӻ
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ڣǰ̬ŵͣҪŵ͡
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Ϊ۴ʷĽǶȣʵʵվһߣʲô֮ѡ
ǻʵۣǣһĴΪΣ̧ͷ

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ǱߵýһҲûˤˣҵһѣСģ
ûû¶ҽȥɡ
÷һ䣬Ҵҽ޹Ժӡ


ߵĲ٫ѾԸӣ嵽ǰץȵĸ첲ҡ
šüͷõıβ٫ôҡҡѡ
̫ˡ
ʲô̫ˣ
ϿķӦ
ôˣ
ֻҡͷҲ֪ôˡ
˵ӣľá
ȵĻһ顱֣أĻ̾ӣ
˵һеĿӪһеƣһеǱذɣǽϵġ
ǣϲѶһþӪôĻһӾ͵ˣȴû̫ķӦ
ȻԽͣϾεĶȦӼʮ꣬ǸӦеġ
ǡ
ΪβܻʺϲѶһõķӦôأ
ǾܲסڶεĴ
ǡʲôΪ֪Ķ
벻


330 ż
Լֹã
֪Ҳ˵塣˵壬Ķ˵ȥ
жˣôһӣʵ
ѾַˣŴγʮĹⰡڲˡ
أѡĸа
ʱĸϵҲƽʱк϶Ҷǹ죬һڡ
ߵߣǸʳûͷٸҳһݶ
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жСгˣ̲ס
ɶطӵģ
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صԼС¥һ˼һݣȴסˡ
ͼۼſǰԲ˯ˡ
еԥˣǽȥǲȥ
ȥɣ̫ʣйŮġ
ȥɣôҵļҡ
ΪѣǿŵĶ˸һȣʶصһƹӡ
죬ǱΣ˯Щ
ŵҡͷ˲ˣߡ
˵ţͷ첽ߡ
סЦĶȥŰɣȥСǽ档
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ҪûطˣҲܵ
ˡߵſڵȻûϲ㣬Сܵˡ
ԣ¶һŽ׵ϸصͷţأ
һ漴ݸһЦԡء˵ͳˡ
ʵԭ˼ǣѽڹǸĸϵ׽ȻҪϲһ¡
ǣҪöࡣĸ׵ܵܣǲܻʺĵܵܣĵܵܡ
ȲԳЦԼҲʼˣԶûдǰǰ㵥
ǣ˭أ
վȵĽǶȣͲܼҵĹϵȻϣܻʺĺܾ£վĽǶȣҲȻϣĶӵλͳҲֻиСѾ
뵽͵һ٣ƺץסʲôƺʲôҲû塣

صذСáǽеԼС¥Ÿصذϡ
Ǳ߶æˣʦҲˣȲŵʦȥһ
Ǳ߶ûʲô¶ɣ
ͻû˷֮л۾һùӣô˵أܳʲô¶һаã̫ҽѾˣʺӳǸе飬Ҳƽƽ
ͷû¶ͺã
ܾԼˣֻҪĺӣûʲô

С¥·ϣҲȻǰûôø͸û¹ϻһ¸򣡣
·ŵơһü˸䣬˹ȥ
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ɨ˺üۣȹһͣͣҲϽ¶˰ɣӶż
˵꣬һ˦䣬ͨĶˣͷߡ

һߣ˾ֻʣˡ
ӱ˰췽֧ûŶģϧٹ桭
ϧӵһطлƣ첻ˣϧٻȥˡ
㡣
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ӪĽʿһֱסڹԺܾãҪԼϹĵӪҲôˣܾǷǡ
ڻɽһߣʱʱɣԺԵĺã˯ĺãҲ຺Ǻúһ
ϧͦãʵȴôǶ
ʲôطǴʥء
ĲǴ壬Ҳۼ
Ȼľ͸оһȣ·ǵͷҿ˼ҵ۾ܸоǵͲԡ
⼸죬ιټϲ˫ɽֵĲУӪĺǸŶҳˣƵġ
⼸Ҳǽͷö˲ǡ
ͷҪ˵һۻؾӪˡͷеֱͷ
һ״Ƶģɱˣ
ǵģȱԹҪϸ˵˵ͱԺʲôˣҲǿϣǰҲ۵İ
һۣͣ㣡
⼸¶ĺܣ۾ͱˡ


331 ӵĳ
ȷʵͦæġ
һӣҵ˶ɽۣҪŽӴҪڵطס
֮ǰ˵ҪѡˮࡱŪȻҪŹںɽһʵҤ
ԣĹ˲ϵӪֵǡ
ôһ˵Ҳͣˡ
ͷҡͷһ̾˵ˡ
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㣡һɡӺúõĴٶܻɽа
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˵ţͻȻشţһ¾סˡ
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վŵˣʶԺſǵǸ
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һ˶ˣһЦû¶ɵ㣬Сƽġ
ȣʲôŪֵǻôӣ
ֵСƽͻҴ仰˵Ǳҵˣƽʱʲôʲô

ɵ㵱ˣ
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ŶôסĴ̣ô˸ǵıӣ
ͼẈ̂ͨʮ˸λʮ˸Ǵ۵ƽƽһӶеģһ㶼ȥ

ֱظһ飬òſСҪ𣿡
У
ſʮֵĺͬϲءֻش

ڶ졣
ںɽ˷˶һҤþͶȦ˹
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Ʋ˳һۣԼҪȥ𣿡
ǡÿǲˡ
޲óԼͣⲻǼû¶ȥǰʲô
ֻǰһҹ̴ʥ˾е㿸סˡ
ǵǸıӣͲûѳøˣ˵߰Ĺˡ
Ҫǣǰϴôһһ죬ֵĳһ޶û˯ž

ļ򣬡ˣҪкġȻԼҪȥһֻһܻˣඪ˰
òһеڸˡ
ôʱ䣬ʲô汾Ҳûѧ첻굽Ҥ棬ǺһΨͼ̸ʲôǮǮģÿҪʥģ
ûһĲԸְοǸСӿСˣȹͻ֪ܺϲǰ׸ѧ㶫Ƕôõˡ
㶵ʲô˼
ȼЦţŰɣ֪ˣ

ʱһֱҤڵߵߣˣԳҤˡ
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۲Ҥػصʲôã϶ҪǻңͰѧ뷨һ߶ȥһҾ͸ʲôá
ŻɫġҤͷ̲ס𣿡
صͷӦû⡣
ֹ۵صҪﵽ˵ǿȣǲܵİɣҿϻصͲˣ
һڻؾ
ˮⶫ˵רҵģС˵Ķ֪ճʯĥɷվˡ
ǣʵʲȴûô򵥣漰ʯҺճıյ¶Ⱥʱ䡣
һ㣬ƷܾͲܶࡣңֻôճˮû·ǵģΪǿȲ
ˮݲͬ;ֳɺܶͺţлҪӸϲС
·õˮ࣬ҪһչԣӦ¶ȣйɹݵȵӦͬĸҪ󣬻ҪرǿĿѹԡӲԵҪ
ԣ治˵վյóġ
һ߰ȴˮˮɳʯ裬ȴһ߶Գõ
Ǻ࣬ǲҵûЩƼ򵥡ͼĶ԰ζʲôԸıǵжá
òҪŪģ˵츣һţһ࣬ʲôã
Ҳ棬ȰõĻģ̡
ʱѾˣӹǶӹһ󴸵ݵ
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ˣҸʲôã



332 ˮе˼
Ŵе£˵ʲôأķúһ顰ܳ͡Σң
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ðɣҲȳǿĶȥҲ֣Ҳֻóһӡ
ֻһգϲؽеˣ
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תͷ㶵ĳã֪ʲô𣿡
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ûͷתͷʩһ
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˵һ߾õĳͷˮҤǶԴΰĸһ󣿡
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ô𲻳ˣСѧĶֻҪ壬ȴû˵ҪҤ
ʵϣѧ֪ʶûУӹеĵ伮ҲûС
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ô󣬵һΥѧ
ȵͷԶĲ˵ֻ˵ڡ
ھ·Ӣɽһ̹бģһֻӡ乤ջ죬һƣټƹ㣬ļ԰ڵӡƳɱһ˼ĵزʱͨҲ飬ϵ֡
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²ֻжˣҤҲãҲգںͬͬסЩ
ܻ֪ɣڹ·һӪ֮סٯǸǧ͹˹Ͼ˵˵ǼӢأ
ó˼ͷǷݸоʡ
ѻÿ˶бǵɣĳ޹أֻʲôйء
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̴ʥ˰
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333 ְԲ
ʵЩȿ˵һȦҪ˰óԼȥᣬóܵӪȥ
ǣȻôˡ
ڳáֵܣǼΪСĵġϣͨǱĬԴ̵ķذԼЩ˼͸ǡ
ֻҪʿ˽׼˽ˡǵ˼ļֵȻȻͻЩʵе뵽ѧȥӶ׵ѧǽǶ
Ⱥı䡰ƷΨжߡ״ѣ˵ȡͳһײĶȥǼΪѵġ
ǣʹѣҲֵȥһԡ
Ϊ̣˶Ľ̵Ƴ̶ĵһٸ̺϶ҪҪ
һߣȷԸҤѴˮòӸϣڽˮ쳹ٿָꡣ
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ΪҮԪصҪҮԪܰѵס֮ǰͨͨ
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ҪΪ˵ʲôҲھ͵·ܵ㡣
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ӺɽԺ˲档
ΪǱɣȷ֣ôԺҲĲУŻɽŷܡ
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ʵ۹ӣĶЩʲôˣʱ򲻵ʵʵظЩӡôģ
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֮󣬽¶ְѹԵ¶ѹȥⶼѾŰˣȻ֪ء
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⻹ֽ꣬е֣⳵״Ԫհۣ

˷ᶼˣְԲˣ
һǷʵ״Ԫ뾩İۣԺҪɰ

Ҫɡ
ô̫ѧֱ襶ҷƴˣ


334 츣
ܲ
ԺŰƵͷǰʻǰ㲻ʵ
ηչȥ̫ѧԺֱһЩ֮Ķˣֻܼ˼ҹԺʣµġ
Ҫ˵ûģҶڿ췹ԣ̫ѧǹѧĽ̵棬Ժ͵ˣ˻·ˣ
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ֱԣɽɽˮ£渣ϱˮͷɽΪԴǴһһĶ츣أס벻ѡ
ˣΪʲôǰɽǸӣôһӳɶ츣أ
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˼˵ˣɽԭҲǱأֻҪ㻯һ
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ո߳⻹ûʲôҪ⵹ùӻǸӣͷβûͣ߶ĶʶֱۣƷô
ٺټЦŰѵֵǮˡ
ս𣿾Сƽͽ̵ġ

ûɪ꣬ͺ˵
ҽʲôˣ
Ѱһȡ
һͷһתСƽͣҪҪһ֣
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װˣź׵࣬һһӣ


335 
Ⱥ޲ٸ£⵹ùӣһǧŵһӶûУĺܣûܵȵס
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ʲô˼
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֪ģҵƽʱܵ𣡡
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ҿأˡ
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347 
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Σ˵ǾΡ˵ıСﱻ˲Ϊ˱֤Ҫ
꣬µһαܸͼı˭֪ǼٵģŶţɻǽһ򾡡
ûȣ͡䨻˿磬ܽļ꼴⧡ʱСĩĸŷ޵ˣҲ·ŽʮŵԻؾж
ñһ٣Ե˵˵һԽĿ
ǣǸֲһܰأ
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˵ΪһȵĻûʼѾˡ
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ʹƫҲκһ¼˭ҲԼںôһı֮ӵ˰һ
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˷ƶֲɿûôĳԹǱָʹǸҲض
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348 ʾ
ֲе̫˽ˡ
˵ģ֮ʱµǶ٣֤ݣһڱҲվһҡź
ˣҲֻȷ͵ڳ˲꣬ͱ˳ȥҲûµǵʱͱ·ţϡ
ΣֲԵòκ֧ԮȸˣԼҲȺõȥ
ַֺõ飬Ҫ˵ɳģϡ棬Ҫ˵ǼֲϺ꣬û˻˰ɣ
ңصɨˡ
˵һӣʮͻعļƻѾûпˡ
ǡΪʲôϢģеҪҡ˵Ҫյĳأ


ȷǸ⣬Ǹ⣡
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349 Զ
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ʷԺƷȲ߶Ȩ޹㡣
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б࣡
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ҲΪһ㣬ȲŴ󷽷ذѹ۷ˣ²˼̰
̰ӺƵģ͵̰ģǼҸ
ǲ֪һ㣬ŻŹĲˣʲôûˡ
ʵɡ٫ûйټҵأҲ⻹㣬Ų
Ȱһۣţ
Ϊɶ˷۵ҸʶʮˣҶţ
ȵΪңҲỹǣ



352 Ĳʫ
ڳͨ赼̣ûʲôǲԲֵġңĿѾȷ֧ͨ죬ǮȫͶ뵽ִ;ҵЭš
ԣڲ²𣬶ң֮ڣ鶼鲻ʲôߡ
٫¿˿Щªһ֡
ֻǣί˴ˣҪһֵطסϺóһʱ䡣
ȰֵǾͲòˣⲻͦ𣿡
٫˷һۣδ˵
ʱȷʵףҪӦԳб֣Ҫǿװ򶨡ϾǼ˵ĹǣֻȵסҲȵס
ԺһҲҪˡ
٫ͷ
ټҸ
ʲô
ίˣ
һܲʵģ
ټһ˵ģͨ£ֲ˶ȥ岩ƽԻˡĹص£ӼҲسȡ֮ǰٰѳִкҲؾʱǾͲ㱻ˡ
һüĵҲΪˡ
ΪģЩӦ˵ԱͨĹġ
ȷʵʱ䣬Ե١Ҫԭ򣬻ƵĹԱƵ۳ãΪ˵ģֻһˡ
Щߡ
ͻȻżֲ
٫ɵΪʲôվȫͣ
ȵܱһǲ֪ϸǿɣ
٫һȵ˼
ֲѾһˣȷʵȲ֪ĶǷҪǿöࡣ
ң٫̫˽ˣ˸׵ϼƨɾˣôף
ֽһ¹ԺȰѶһֱ͵ӴֵĽֱߣ㶵ؿŶȥıӰδ

ȻǰȵڷչǣﲻɳӵӣôίﲻǼٵġ
ͽϣȺ޲Ƶߵİվ֪ǹֵ˾Զ֮
үģ
ȵĹ·ԲںĹ̺ϣҲܾۻǣȵɾͺˡ
˵ǰڿñҪĴΣںָָ㡢˵ģҲʲôܵ鰡
Ⱥ޺޵һбƥҪǲһӾͲƣ

ƼҸ粻ѵôС¾Ͷأ
öͷһɸ硢׿Ӱ
ʱֵ£һֵǳѿ仨֮صķ۰׻ӳˣ֪ΪΣֻǿһۣһ¾ͺ˲١
ƲƸǼǳ㲻֪𣿡
ɸȻһЦ治֪
εؿ۾׿ɸԺҪСأܵ˸硣
֪ͺãȺٺЦߡ
ߵǰһ٣ô
ʱûע⣬ǰһԳ¾ɵĳƣɹֻʫ
һһ֣һһɣһ
ûˡ
⻹ǺüǰȶǼʫ
ⶼ˰ɣ
һ¡
һȻ
ֻȾ֪Ƕ
Цǵûͦϸ
ߵǰҲǰʫͷӡ
һʲôأɸͷʵ
Ҫ˵ȴŶȵ
û֪һʲôֻӵһ䲹⾳˰ɣ
üͷһ壬Ҫ˵ôֱˡ
ֻţ
ˣҲֻǵһʱ֮㲻ü
Ǹ֮˭
ǰȺͶкɸ;׿ǰһλǣ
ȷŰۣתһߡҲ˵Ϊʲôô
ܹɸ;׿ɸ粻һʲô
һЦǫ׾Ҳڡ
ǣǵɪȴ
Ȼɸ׷ʣԼѾ̲סŪˣȾǰ
ɸһһһ֣һһɣһȾǰ
꣬ҡͷһЦ
һϣɻۡ
ɸȻȷǼõġ
ԣһ⡣
ǣɸ˽ȴı֪ڲģûǾʫ
Ȼǻ䡣
Ҫֵǰѧһۿǰ䣬һ両ֶͶԵĺܡ
ɸ粻ӣȣƸضҲһİɣ
ãǱˡԹؿȣ廰һΪʫֶˣȴȻܴƹʳһ䡣
ƹǲҵȷġ


353 һָ
ò˵ʫϻЩԹԵġ
ɣʫֻڣǿն֪顣
ЩһֹϵУȴҲδ͸¶֮һ䵽ʲô
Ҳ˲²ǰ㣬ӺƲ޲ףȴûǸ°ɣ
ʵҲô׾ͱ˰ԭ
ӺǸ࣬ǿУΨһһԲˡ
кܶǩӡˡҵţƫƫĵġӡ֮Եʦ̵ȴ˲˼ѧӡ󣬶Դѧ̬ʮ٬
ʫֻڣɲʲô֮⣬ǡǡ˵ˣѧ֮ġ
ɸ˶żԹ˵ǣݸһЦʶƸ磬ɲǲ˷أ
𣿡
˵꣬Ŵ۾ȣһ
Ҫһףƭһڣ
ڴɣΪǷֱɸסసڣһʱ͸ˡ
룬ûʲôֱСѾͷҪӡ
һͣɸùӺƵʫ
СֻӺﲨδЩζ֣мѾαرţóҲҵȼʶһָòѹֻɣ
ɸü΢壬òûˡ
ûصĺһۣƼҸֺαطҪƷͷ㣿㴦Ĵʱȣ³أ
ɫһףû뵽С﷭Ϭ
һʱ֮ʱֵֻһɸĶͷŭʲôʱͷˣ
ɸͷԹԵصͷ
ñƼҸǰˣ𣡡˵ţб۵һۡ
Ҳζؿһ֮ЦŶɸȥȡī
ɸһϲܽС
ʱذһСȻˮĥ
Ǵ˵λȻ֣ƾʲôװĸʲôƵģ
ǣҲûãֻܳζؿŮרĸӺĥʲôζˡ
ŮѴֱʵݵУȻи糣ܰһʲô
ǰҲɣУʫֱʡ

˶һɸһ˲˲ضſ
һһ֣һһɡһժһǮ
һǡժһǮ
ʱҲƽ
Ǹп׹Ĳʫڲȫˡ벻öΣվǳӺ֮֡
ֻ
ʶһɸ磬ȴΪһֶ
һһʲôժһǮѾбˡ
ľһ޲ȫûʵʵ⾳Ȼǰϣһģ治Ǿ䡰Ⱦǰأ
ǣûʼ⣬Ⱦ²ͣдֻڻǰߡ

ûʫ⻹ģ
˭Ҳû뵽ɡһµʫ治һ䣬Ǻܶ䣡
˭Ҳû뵽Ӻƻ֮󣬲ʱ䡢ľ֮£ͻȻǰʫ롣

һһ֣һһɡ
һժһǮ
ֻڻǰߡ
ոգ仨긴ꡣ
ԸƼ䣬ԸϹǰ
Ȥյ֦Ե
߱ʿһƽһ졣
Ʊȳ˺µµҺС
Ц̫񲣬Ц˿
Ĺ
޻޾ơ

ǰסһָ衷뵱ʱ龰ϣֻд䡣۶ϧٺͶôҲȫʫ
񡭡
סһָ衷ȴڵĴ
ʫŸǰˣʲô»Ǹƨ
֮䣬ҲԸǰ
Ըյ֦ν
һһڵأȴǱΪµµΪС
ɣ
ɣ
ʫ
д꣬ɸ̲סޣ鲻Խؿǰȵ䣬Сþ֪ƸһмѾأ
Ц̫񲣬Ц˿
ϵ˶ֻӺƷӣмܶеĴ塢еļ֣Ѳأ
ʹسһĵưǡһӡ˭òأʹʹɣ
Ѵëֱһӡ
ʹ죡
ͷһһԲɸ;׿Ĵӵ֮£תһ֡
ǰôȣȾͲˡ
ǣβۣȷ˲١
֮ţʲô壿
ðɣҪǣûʲôɾ͸У
ңסһָ衷ҲΪ˺Ųȫġ
Ӻǰһβ°ڣҪûãǻдã



354 
һǰġһˣ

ڿһһĴ£ӺƷµЩӵעĿ
γκ飬ֻҪֵصĴ¶ûʲôһ֮õĲʫܵȼǵļ顣
ĳŵʱȾҲֻоԣŵʫ䡢ûȵġ
̶̼գСᣬ޴̸ӺƵסһָ衷
˼һŪôһԱʿʫ
Ǹɣ
٫ͷȷʵǸᡣ
ڵ˵ôɣʵ£Ҳʲ£
٫һҧ̡Ʒ¥ɽУżʮ죬ÿ˷һǮȫȥ
٫Ƿˡ
˷һһգ͸öˣҰѼӶѾҲȥ
ˣҼҵǰҲ÷Ÿˡ
ۣ
ǵڣ

µЩҪǷżʮ죬ʲôЧ
Ƕͣڣ
˵ſ֮һٻͣҵʮ죬ƾͳ⣬Ƽٵ÷ɡ
ЩҪġ
ִ;Ʒ¥ùһмˣټǰӪҵӶöˣ
ЩĴС¥ᣬǵǶ

ůᣬڿǣÿһ䶼͸
ؼѾΪһ߿ϷգһƷŶޢ裬һ߶ֽ¶
ֻڻǰߡ
˵Ʒ˵ҲǸĻӡڶ˰ɣԭ˼汾¶ģ
ɲǰľһ䣬Զһһĸǰһ˭뵽һĲһ䣬ȴ䡣⾳֮߾ڵ
ʵ߹˵һֻһ̵棬ľ仹ںأ
߹ǵ治ֹһ䣬ǣ˭ҲһľӰ
̾
ϧӺƵĲѧо֮ţȴ޷֮ƷôõĲɣȴǸƤӡ
мӲˣУ֪ƨ
أ
˵Ǹһͣ׵ڳﴫЩ¶Ӻģ
µĲ٣ʵͲô£
ףһô¶
Ǽ˾񣬡ʵ˵ɣһ磬ڻ˷Ӻƺͽżҵ¶˽ġ
ǲôţ
ôţ
Ǵ˵ˣǶң

һϸ֮£ЩΡ
ӺھôˣһֱССֲϣȴûʱһ㣬һðôڸ֮ԣǰҲˡ
Ҫû˿ݣ˭Ű
ǣͱǧϷˣࡢ⳯£ܲǼٰɵģңȥ˳ҢĸլҲǹ컯Ϊܶ˶أ
ǣҢ֤ˣġ
ҿҲΧǵɪֻ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
ƷǮ٣ǧҲ١ǣұ˵ˣ˼Ҹûͱһһ˵
֪ƷǮʲô𣿡
ʲô
֪߶޵ͨ𣿡
Ʋ˭֪͢Ҫͨϱ츣Ĵ¡
ƨĳ͢޺ӵǮ͢һûȫƷҲ֮ġ
ļٵģ˵һǿǽǧĴ󹤳̰
Ȼģ۾ұǻĴ˷ƷӵǮȥĶ֪ܲ
ҡӼԽԽ࣬˸ӡ
˵ʱµ³ƷӳǮ͢أͨͨǣ๫ͺ๫̰һ͹ƷҪ޳֮ɷӣƷܸɣϷˣ֮˵
һۿô˵λ๫Ҳص˼ǧ޺ӣȴҪͷ
ǣأӵֵʲôǮףһ仰¶øݳˡ
ֵǣҢĹܲǼٵİɣ˼ҵĸ˼ҵĶӣڴ˦ӡ
ǼƲ˵ֻ֪Ȼ
˵ţָͷʵ¶
֪ΪʲôŸ𣿡
ͷ˵˵
ӺٺһЦ֪ϾҪŭֱ˵ſдȡ˵Ϊ˶ϧ٣ûӺµһƷΪ˸𣬳Ÿſ
һߺһɣ
˸ͣԣһ󺺣Ҽ
ֲãһڽϼǺںøСԭˡ
СǶϧٰɣ
˵Զˣ˵Զˣ˵żҺƷӵĶԹ
ǼӼ¥Ҫᣬ˻
Ǹ⣬ҲġֻһβΪ˻Ϊ˲ܼҵ϶ܾ
϶С


355 ˵
ڵĲ϶ҵĵ϶ӽƴӡ
Ȼ̳ӵ˧ûѣֵ
϶ظ˵һż֮·
ȵ൱꣬ӵҫۡ
ܾǿһ竣˷ӻͷ֮ΪŹȴ־˼ִɫʡ
ԣһܾСţ˭˲֪˭˲
ֵһ˵ǲǲܾ
İͷǣ
ܼ϶ԼݣӾΪʰҫνж
һۣڵĵӪһʮٯǸ߾ȫӪٺսֻһʮˣ־ɱСڹѾˣΪǵһ
⻹ûô˵ֻ֪ܼ϶ڹ˹ԭ㾪֮٣
ǵȻڰѹԺòðǸ۽֪ɣ

ǾԭӪӪͷڴºš
ԭˣĸ档
䲻ˣܸ˳Ƶľ黹𾴵ģǸӡ
һ¸ߣ͵һ࣬Ȼһ̾ϧˣ
ϧʲô
ϧӪӢ˫ܾɳһس֮ʱȴ˿òܼҽ𣬲ûŹ
˭ߵ·ǣһڳԹȺİ
ݣвŭ֮
ӵ˭ǼֲҢΪ׵һĳ¡
һͣԭЩν໹֮£
࣡Ȼŭ˵ȼ࣬Ҵ֮Ҳ
Ʋ츽ͣɲʱ侹һ˸Ϊܾ˵Ψһ˶
˭
Ӻƣβò
˵ӪӺưŶѵġһӪֵܾʶ޹˵Ʒ̵ˣȻҪΪӪͷ
һ֪֮߳ˣסǺϸ
ӺƵʱΪ˾ȲܾŵӪһʮλ׳ӵټ׼ˡ
ϵ֮󣬶˵ǲôţ
ӣĳ˺˵죡
𣬱
Ӻƶ˵ֱõӪʿ·
·⵹棡
жףһʮ󺺳ಲʱýԾ
ͼǰ֮ϣûһõطһһ̡
ʱ顱ˣиһģ۾Ѿʪˡ
Ļкãսǧֻʮţ붼벻Ƕôҡ
⻹ûأӾͺʱڳһ㣬˵Ļɫ
ֻƷһ£ת
ǲôţ
ôţѾĲˡǰ̺ܲ

һʮ˺δẈ̂糣
Ϊ֮һͣβŷӦ
ã
ã
˴ͷؼͷˣŸкá
Щ溺ӣ
Ӻɷȥ޻أһǰۺҵӢۣ
ֵ˵ĺúҢ˻ҪݣӺݵǣʱʹкˡ
ĺã
ԣĺã
ҲƷ㵨ƣݺļӦôȡ

Ⱥ鼤ҲˣؼѾըˣ̨ӾĶݲȥˣΪû˿ˡ
̨½һ̨ʹ˸ɫ̨ϵϷʽǻ⣬Ϣ˵˺̨
ˣӶǼӵ˶һ˽
Ƕ˿һǼӣͬһ״󺺵ǴĶôһÿûؼҶӣҪ
һ۾ϳͬ˷ᡣ
˷ͷŲǰǸܽ˵齳˵߲ȥˣϼֶͶǵľƷ
һ찡øĳרŸ˵顣
˷һЦаҪȹ硣
֮һЦǾ˵ˡ⼸ҲŲѶˣؼҳӴŰɣͷɫ˵ģŰ
˷һ֣Ǿлˣ
˲ǣƴ̻棬ܾôѹȥ
˷ȻһЦû˵ֿǼӡ
Ҫʴγ˭Ӧþ˵ģи¥ӡӡ
ʲôࣿȻǾ¥ӡ
ˣǻиҵЭءֻҪоƵĵطԼˣۣ
ַ㣡

ǼĻڼ
ӺΪܾƽǣô˵϶Ʒӹϵðɣǰ꣬϶ûʱ˻һǰ
֪ƨضûüӳ˷
ǲܼҺƷӶóʲôˣʱ˻ǰСӣ죬ʲô
ô˵Ʒӱ˿һ㣬Ƕֵܡ»ǹ˼
~ֹ˼˵һ̻߾еĻʣӺֵһˣ
Ϊصͷ⵹ģģ˭ӺƵǮ಻˵ڻж⸣
Ҫ˵ϵҲ治ǶƷӶƳʲôˣ
ɲôһ֮ʿ˵˼ıᵳ˶ƵסҤˣ
ô˵ƷӻǸ˱ˣ类ѹſˡ˼ľ˵澳һָ衷֮䣡
Ĺ
޻޾Ƴ


356 ͹ȥ
ְԳ˵ԣ¶ӺƱʼĩɲֻؼһҡ
ʮꡢǧҽŵꡢСӡദ˵¥կͷӣϷ룡
ͬʱסһָ衷ഫ˹
һʫɲдддġ
ľҲоİ
ƴɲĵԸƼ˰ɣ
С
ܲ˳صġһָ衷ҡͷЦ
ӺƻǸ첻ߵĿˣ㾳ˣȴʫƷѣ
ÿһʫϧˣһţȴΪá
ܲãҪ֮Է󻼡һҪδ㣿ǷһٽӺơ
˵ܲһ١Ȼһƣֻ֮졣
º̲ǻ˵ϻġֻҪ֮ʱһ㣬Ʒסһ״Ĳףǲѵġ

һҡͷã
ѾزܱƵ̫
ܲΪΣ
һ̾ΪǸλӱϾûϰ
ȻӺش󣬵ǣϾǴεĻʵۣйֱ֮Ǵڵġ̫ѹ̫䷴ɣ˭ûô
Ｋط²ȥˡ
˵ķףҽշӺƵķҲʼŤתΪб䣬¾ʹհɣ
ܲĵصļôǸƷӣ
Ķӵļ򣬡Ҫѧͣʮ鲻һܵƵġ˷ǴʤӺƵǰ̣ǰĹ̺ϲ䣬ˡ
ܲɫһ֪Ѿ಻ٷϻ
ǽ
ټҸöüֲŰɣ
˵꣬ǰĬȻԶ
Ըֻһֲ
ķ⣬ֻˡ
ֻһֲȻõĽ

ӺƵôʱ䣬ôĶѾŸ˩оˡ
ǣһֵȣôôɵذظأ
ƼҸǹģ
ɸֻʮ꣬СȨ֮ңȵסһָ衷ܲͨ͸أ
ӰϣŲɸһۡ
۶࣡㿴㣬ʹ֪Ҳ𴩵ġ
׿һۣ˵¡
ɸСÿʼֻӴƸ磬һʫǣ֮ãûСãƸҲᲹʫģȻЩ𣡡
ȺߵһЦˣϵԩˣѹŵģαҪŪʫ˭ܴٳ
ô˵ãôһ˵׿ɸɫһ¾
˼˵һ״ˣ޳أ

һһסసԪϦ˾׿˵ǸдġӴ֮ʱɸ硣
񣬶˳Ϧദ᲻֪һõĳ£
ε죬ǿӲдģҪң
ɸͷ裬¶һűݡ
Ʊ磡
ȲӣȻ顣
˵ô֪һڣͲľֻ䣬Բȥ²̨
ɸЦĸǲãԴҾ֪
һɳүĿϳԵˣôһűȥأ
Ϊصͷ⵹ġ
׿ְһۣ廰ԣүĿҲ϶ඣסһָ衷ֻǸʼɣ
ðɣŮ˸ƽȥˡ
㣬Ҫעˣǧɸѧ˼Ů˻ǱһȽϺã
ɸ;׿ЦصȰƸġ
Ȱʲô
˴ǸֲѾϱϴԱı֮ʧƫġ͢ĵҲֻ߸ƣֲԱлһû˽ѾңƸΪβʹ䣬ʱأαЩ֮˶
ɸǲܾô˵ġǣ۴ķھͱ𷴻õʱ
šһָ衷Ťת񣬲ǵѡ
ѣ
ȵţۣû
ҲȵĹƨǣ˵ȥˣ͹ȥˣΰɣ
ȻѾͷǾͱࡣСү˵ͣ¶û꣡

ڱ𿴱ѹͦңǣӦǾϻŲ´Ьġ
аȥ˯á
㲻ճɻңҲðЩ֦֦ǹ⡣


357 
⼸գĻ̻̣˭֪ջûõļ๫ӦǴˣ˼̳λӣǸĵġ
ֲҲÿϣǸƷֻǵ˸ߵʱˡ
ＺŵѾȥˣȻûҲڵ̲ʹǱ߳鶨֮󣬷˳ذ߳ࡣ
һּ֮һ档
ʧƵ࣬룬ѯ˿ɽְ
ֲãɣ̫Ҫһ֮֮
ͷѺ˾ʹ֪µλӣʵѡ۳ã岩ȥֻһ꣬ӼʸӴ˸λģҲһˡ

û󣬴ʱȴǲˡ
һֻʱ⣬ֻסôأҲǴۿ۵ġ
˵ȴ˷ʧǹ;зա˭֪ԩģǣٳˣ۵ǲˣⱲҲϴˡ
ʱҲãҲգáֲ˶Ϊаǹȥˣ˶ڰнϾš¡
ֻѹаĬȻЦ
¶ôȥˣ
ȥ
ȥҲǾôȥ
һʮƷ֮ͽȫơΪΪĴġ
һͳֲҢˣ˲˻ҳ١۸ٹĹ
ǿɲʲô񷨡Σֻһ֣һġ
ƷȻԽ֮ӣ³˼Ϊ˾ҳҽƽ
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βȱҴεķǿɲǺЩֻᵱĻɫǷҲзСߣ

Ǳ߻ûǵ۷糱Ѿˡ
ң˭Ҳû뵽ôôͣ
һգֲһ첻׼糯аࡣֻûţͲ㱻Ѭȥ
ָǰѬ죬Ҳ֪ĸƤҹϼǰ˷࣬ϸ˴ͿˢСˡݺ
ֲûιȥƿڴ˭˭˿Ӻˣ
ѲҹǸʲôԵģȻǰ£
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ǣΪǸӪָӣû뵽ֱ
ң֮һ㶼ţûȼֲʣԼȿˡ
๫ҲûãҵǰѲҹ٣ҲߵܲڸҳǰרŶذɣ
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Цһ˵๫֪˵Ҫĳ˵ҲŶӣڻֲ๫
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Ҳ˷ࣿ
˵ҪҲŶ𣡡
˵ţİԽԽ࣬ܽСͯǰıܹȥһܣһ߿иҥУŽ
٣֣๫ĳݺ
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ΣڱȹλȨƶҪҪʱǻǡҪġ
һĪСı֮Ϊʲô˹ٳˣΪ
ڳ֮ǰĴΣǸһеģ롢֮ϵġ
ҵΪ˱סڣԸ׼ΪˣԸȥˣӵΪϴˢһı֮ò룬¸λԨ
֪һγ˵ǶôҪˡ
ǰ˷࣬СˣҪǴȥֲͲˡ
ðɣܽСͯ˸ҥ˵Ѿȥˡ
ʵϣǼֲҢε֮йصĳһûˡ
һҹ֮䣬Թصλ糱
С˰յղӵ࣬ǡʧ¡ʧڡĴ£ʹûʲôҲҪԱ֤׵ġ
ο⼸λʲôɾأ
סˣԹ֮ĵ죬糯֮Աף
ʱֲѾӻ֮л˹ԼܵĿ죬б֮ǰ·ţҲһϡ
һˣԼҲͱʲôˣ̬ټһϧᡣ
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358 

ʱúһڶǾһء
Ʒ뱧ͬھ
ܲʢŭǲǰ̾٣ϼֲ˵汳
ڳɭЦǼǳԲǴ򣬾͸Ūˣһ˰ˣ
~~
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Ҳֻǻǵ͹ӺƵֶΡ
û뵽ôһֶ
һֲҲˣڿҲסˡ
ţðӵһʱ֮ʢΣ
ǼţֻҪȣ֡ŵ˶ȥˣҲֵõġ
δʵԣԹ֪̾дһʧͲӦĴһٳӺ󻼣Ҳʧ⼸سɣ
Ҳһ̾
˭뵽ƷԱ֮֮ˮ˻
˵ףÿȡ
εĳžУԶʹ˿Ҳϵùˡ
˵䲻ģҧһڣ㻹ҧȥ
ˣȸͲһӡ
رһƤҧһڣҪҧȥҪҧһڡ
Ҳһɡ
ԸסһҲлһ졣һ𱻳ײǲʧء

ͦãλ漰µ๫ҲǻӦ
ܲӦ
һ춼ȥˡ˭Ҳܲסǰ÷࣬Ͻ
γʮأû˭൱زðŶҳܣҲͼʮĲ̾Ժּƴһƴˡ
ǣߣ
ôף
ȵ¶ĵùǺƨɾߣ
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ŵĶˣһЦģǷ
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ѡడ
Դ˵һըˡ
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һ̣๫·ʲôˣһУˣ
Ժ󣬴εĳ֮ϣ׶֮ˡ
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ǹǰоټεΡ
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ţ˵ͷüޣȥʣҲ١
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飬÷˰ɣ
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ϣǳ͢µ
岩жãƽسʷгУӼݸйࣻΪ˾ʹ
ԭ˾ʹ֪ӱݣй֪ݣԺʹҢΪ·ʹ뾩Ρ
Լ֮ʱ͵һ𣬲ŵؿʥּһ
ͺȨ֪£
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ݣҲǺĺϣε϶ˡζԣｫµյ㡣
Ⲣ⣬ǣ⺫
û뵽Ľ֡
֮ǰѾٹ˼棬ոյĶԴһضû
ǰһ̶ȣλûӺĻʵۣǲ㲻˼ġ
ѾĴ㣬һᵽסűʲôҲֻнŵķݶ
ǣû뵽ˡµģ档

ʱҲӣݻһ޲ܼ
پ֮أɣ
ݺᣬһҾأ
Ա£
һԵ±ԹĻƵĺûʵۣԼȥάѬĵ˹ᣬҪ
ʱǼ
̾
ȥɣ֮ǰ޻С
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ո˵ģԼѡ࣬Ͼɱ
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ޣȴǻڲ

һ£ûлͷ
ݣ¡
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ֲ͵һ̧ۿʱȴʧ֮
ߵģֽѣµģҲǶβŸոտʼ


359 
ʱĺ̹˵ֲ˳׳֣ıᡢߵǽһһӣʵúõػһѵһС
ôίԭô
ʱбһ®ϣһȣһƷһҡͷԵصָתƶ
˶ĿģĻ
ҪҲı֮ҵˡ
ޣ
۾һۡ
첻ˣϽȥɣɲ
ԴҡӰߣò׽ͷˣôҲû쵽ٻȥ
׵úܣһ챻ѵĸƵģܶ죬Ųȥء
Ȼһ̲ӣɵ㲻ҪԸƼ䡯˰ɣ
ʲô𣿡
ǺǡЦͦã
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øƨֱӡǰӻָǿ״Ԫʲôأôܾúã
ЦǾ͸ˡ

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⼸죬ıһҲ˶ۣȻǼֲУȲı֮⡣
糯֮ϣڳ˰ľּٸ£Ϊѩ
һЦѩ֮ȷһš
Ȼְֲ䣬飿
ֲæ࣬飬֪ܸ
๫ֻܳһʱһ̶ȥˡ
һЦҲȷһš
ֿһڳ䣬飿
ֲûʲô˼ʹҾһ궯
飡
飡
飡

ŵɫһףȶˡ
ôһ³üʮСġ
ʲô
ʲô
ոչ鳯İƤЦżֲıӰ˵治ֵһ㿪ʵǲ㿪Էڰ
ƴˣҲÿʼˣ
ţҪڣĳĵѾβסˣࣺ
Ϊ񡢷ԻӺ֮
һ죬һûϹ糯Ѿ״̬ΡΡؼߺȣ
飡ƾ֤ףΪҲ¾ùϢ˵Ȳ֮ڳ
飡ƽ顣
ʷְ֮е֮𡣼Ϊٹٱʣȴд˵Ȱ֮УǳǱʣΣ
飡ԡ
飡Ƕȡ
飡
飡

ֲѾ嶼˭ˣΪ̫ˡ
ԽԽ˵ҪʲôҪ𣿣
ͬΪ٣вҲһ˵Ϊűֻɣ
βɱʿѾĳصĳͷˡ
ûеֻⲻ͵ڳϵɴûôҹ
ЩҪų켺Ҫֲأ
ǣҲǡ
˲ų켺ȴҲء
ǺˣôҪأ


360 Ͼɱ
׻˵˲·ɱ˸ĸ죡
ڱεʿ˽׼˹·ȶϲ·ӵĲ졣
ֲ˴ζϵĿɲȵĹ·ǶĹ·
ϸ۲죬ѷ֣Щĳһͬ㣬Ǿǣ
л٣ڹԺѧ
֮ǰ˵Ժ֮Խưȣʦҵ֮⣬ĵľӺơ
Ӻƽ̵Ĳʫ̵ǼʶδùʦǳʶݡʶҪԡ
˵ǹ֮ǰȽ˰սԿεʱҪȥɼݡʶҪԡ
ڣζһ仰˹Ժ͵˽ʿ
ֻҪǰƫƣýſҲϡ
ֲҲڹԺﶼЩʲôˡ
ЩѧҲͲ˵ˣǳϵҪԱس൱һ˵ӵڹͶ
һģ磬ԵĶοƽҵƽȼҵĶԴӼҵ
˵ЩѾվ˹ϵȲ뿪ҲΪ˵
ٿһЩģС̼Ĺμ졢Ķռ֣ȵȵȵȡ
⻹ֻЩǵĺӣݡطӵܡ
˵ڴεĳ˼ֲֻҪӦٵģ޲ԴＷԺɴӵѧˡ
ֲһıñӿȲò˳ס˼Ůѡ
˭ϣԼҺҲܽ˭ǶԹǱ̬оټðǣ
ȵǾ͵ڶ˹ѧ
ǰһıñӿ۵̫û˸ҳ˵ҲϴˣǴɾҪ˵˵ˣҪǻܷŹǲŹأ

ɣǲ̫һ
ʱ죬ǰǲ٫
𣿡üͷ
ǻҵʱ򣬿Ҳûɣ
ǡ٫һ
ǰ˵ڴͱҮ³٫ΪǸҮԪ֮ӿ϶ǰȵﵽ˼£ȻΪһɳүҲ˵ŪŪˡ
ǣյļֲ٫֪ǸҮ³Ǻ˷һ˰ˡ
ԭȵﵽµЧͲŪ㣬ǡ

ļֲѾǱˣ˱ıԵ
߲ƽָǰǱ÷࣬òˡ
ΰĿ⸮ѲĬӶɼּԹ֮Ʈҡ׹
һ棬ı֮µѩȷ±Ĳ˵صԺѧϰڿΣֱȻ飬ǣƫ
˭˵ʹһ־ǲˡ
ߣڹԺͶĳûʲô취ֻðѻȫڼֲϡ
ڳϣ֮һ˸߹һˣʵۿȺӣѼѺ
ʱȴʲôҲ˵ȲΪ⣬Ҳֱôţĥš
ֲѾˣҲˣֻ뿪Ƿ֮ء
״οʮ꣬ûĸĳܹȼ尾ֲͷһ
ǣˣȻò
ŽѾȥ涨ˣǼֲϼңز涨
ֻŽһ仰ҪּƲ
ɲҵ֮ΪҪĺϻˣһְҵ˳ɼǶŭҪ浽ϼҵѡ
Ͼɱ٫òס
ôĵŪһ࣬˵ˣòԵ˸еĺԺ²ûʲôô
Ҫ𣿡
ֺ̾γ֪ôĵأ
ǡָָ졣Ҫּ˵¶õڶ˵ӣҲֻô
ǣ̫˰ɣ
󣿡
ȷʣ𣿡
һ󣡡
㲻𣿡
λ˳ࡢࡢ൱˸飬伸뼸ã˭ߣ
٫ͷȷʵûˡ
ɾһȨΪθʵӣ

ȼ˵ӣ˴λͼֲЩվһ𣬶ңʦȰǲһĴ
˼ʮ꣬ΪʲôҲڲѡվӣ
Ң
Щ˶ԶɣΪʲôһУ
Щˣﻹжسһ߶ģǶ֪
˵Խ䡣
ԣֻù˺һӣ

٫һѾǵùˣֲϡ
ģȰοΣֲǻŵġ
ã


361 
һ𣿡٫šü侯
ȳĬˣҲ
ǣòһеҪ㵹һҲڲһеõϵס
ɾɰɡȳ÷
ڿֻҪ̺һ첻ϲþɣӦҲٶҡͨͨҲˡ

٫һ̾
˭뵽ǻûʼѾأͨͨ˵˭
٫ܻɣҲܿ϶·ߡ
̧ۿ죬֮ʱ
߰ɣʱˡ
ȵͷ٫һ֡
Ӵͬˮһδ֣һѰյӰӶ
żӭϲܡƶˣԲɾûһˣɿɷģ
ʹˣ
Ҵߴٵ˵Щץʱ䣬÷ɵʱĽֶˣ
˵ţ۲ԶٳǼ˾Ҫˡ
ȵͷڱ֮Уᴩˮķ˹ȥ
һ·ȥнأŷ֡һֱߵһŴլǰ˷ͣ
̧ͷȥӦĿҶȴǰ಻ġָָ޹⡣ʱŶһӰ
֪լͱڸڣ治ˣͲ٫Ȼ
ҿȥӰûУͬլ
һֱǰżһټķֻһССƣɪ
ֲ£ؿ߽
һֱеǰ߲վӸµؿ֮޲
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ôֲ崽ȡϷ𣿡
ҿȻûýȡһִĵز
ֲԣ֮ʧ֮ݼš
ûʧ
ʵ֮ٱ֮֮ٳһеҲ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵һֽѡ
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漴ֵҶˣȻһǶ㲻ȥġ
ϣϷʲô
ҡͷۿżֲʱޣûȦӡ
ֻ⣡
ش⣬վͻּ̫ξȥϡ

ֲһһʱ֮䣬Զԡ
ջһʥʾزֲܸһ档
ǣеĲ˵ر˵Ӻƺ
Ҳأ
Цˣ๫żܾɻǵã֮ǰڻɽȶԺɹ˵Ļ
㣬ʲô˼
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ûʲô˼ɵ涨Ҳĸ²ŻᴫŶʱ̸Ҳ١
㣡
ֲ˲ȫ
㱰ɣ
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ˣֲš
ȸͲˡ
⣡شңԴҶáңұ֤ﲻ۷ʲôе֪
ֲȻĹˣֻȺͲ٫ǵĸ˭Ҳ֪
ʲô󣬼ֲЭˡ
裬Ǿۼ塣
һ㣬ǼֲֲԹĵ׵ļ
һıʲô
ڶڵһڳΪصΪ

ֲ㶵ؿȣû뵽һ¾ͰҪؼ˳
ֲԼ˵ôѻش𣿡
ѡ
ȵͷ
ʶˣȫ嶼๫޳ɵػش𣬱ضҪ⡣
ʴһ𣿡
๫ʱǣ֪޲ԡ
Ϊζһʿ̣
ˣϻʵ̫ˡ
˵ʲôС
ֲЦˡ
ԭҲв˵ܡ
üͷһ壬ʲô˼
ֲԹԵɴ˵ϷҲֻܻشһ⣬һǲ˵ܣӦ⡣
һ˵
ڶ
ڶҲǲ˵ôƳģ
ıʲô
֪
ֱ֪Ϸˣ˵ĸо
Ϸʵشģǲ֪Ԫԡ
϶



362 
Ӽָɫ
٫ԼҲ̫ãǺȰοҲȫջ֪򵥣ȻᵽزΪ
ȲˣԽġ
˭֪Ժû᲻پ֪ģУס
٫˵ҲΪʱ磬Žĵ涨£ҪһʱܼЧʱֻڸңҲῸסԼ˵ء
ҡͷˣʲġ
٫һ̾Ҳ֪ԼֲĶҪʲôû˵һζҲ˵
վͻعˡ
٫һ͡һˣ
ȿЦûбҪˣҡ
˵һûģǣ٫ȴЦˡ
ջˡ
ȻصﵹֵԹȻҲйˣϼҲǶɹһ١
ν̧ͷ죬ɫʡ
Ϊһʱ֮˱±ô
٫ЦˣǷĵЦˡ
Ȼ𣬵ǣӼֲµϧ
ô˵ô˵Լ̫
ֿʣҵ֮Ҳ
Ⱥһۣô㻹Ժӵϣ
٫ζ˵ﻰҺθɣǣ顭
ң˷ᣬǱˣϣߵǸ¶֮ˡ
ҪǿΡΣҷ֮Уʲô˭֪أ˭֪ܼһ᲻ǰ棿
Ӻдǻۡζһ㣬ڲ٫˵Ҫ
οЦҲ˵ơ
ûζȻ治ãһֲӸܡǿıȲ٫ӵԶ
²Ӱô򵥣ϵλ⡣
εΣ̫濪̫ڡڡڡӢڼһֱڳ֮ǰûĳûһ
ȻҲҲȺĶĬؿڣӶڲֵĲ棬ˣ²á
ڣ֮һ꣬ξûļ鳼ҵĺ滹Ϊҡ
ʹֲ񵡢µݺͣˣǶԴĺ£ҲԱȻ¶ࡣ
ϸ¼ǧ꣬λ̫ˡΣȻңǶڣȴûпȡ֮
ȿɲ룬˾ţ֮Ѵαǿʢ֮󣬳ȴ໥һս
е棬ǣʱһŹ۵˲أҶСά档
ܿͷ٫ҲͷҲһ
һ죬һɣ
꣬ʦͶܹԵ±Թڵ֮󣬿ȰŹһϵľɳ죬Ϊβֲܸһ·أ
ң˻ţȱã

˵㻰ڶһʰ׼ػɽ
һ֮ʱɸ̲סֿһǰǿ鳤ƣȻܰժ𣿡
ժ
ɸСԺʱһĳˣ
棬Ϊд˵ԸƼʫ䣬ıһ˲ˡ
ĳ룬⻹û죬ȾֵصǿǷ֮ˡ

һͳĶɲɰɣ
û˵΢΢ͷȻǲԸġ
ɸҲףתǻȥ֮СԳһ飬ϡ
ȲƤȴԶƵӸеŤǰһϲ
һͷߣһϧٽǱҲæˣȥæ˶ɵˡ
š
Զһ£ǸԶ㣬ʲôö
˵꣬Ҳ˵Ļᣬž׿ɸ羶ԵǴȥ

ɽӣƽ֯ΨһͬǣϵĹԺھҲһˡ
ֻûҲһŶֲüܲв⺩еݰ
ʲôԺֱǾӪһǺľӪεӪûô
˵ɽʯ·ϱ˵ҶûУǽһɾԵﵹҶӲݣҲȫɨһһһŵ롣
˵ˡ
ȴɽһֱߵԺûһϸƤ
˳ţ˳УӦöӪʲôʱŶУǰȫɹڣִֽŵĲںӡ
ؼǣЩںŹۣǽһŤе㴩Ҳ̫ӵζ
ιۼһӶŴɨͷɨ·
ʦĶỹǺլ
Ӷһ̧ͷ
ۣ
ֱˡ
Ӻ񣿡
Ӷֻӣ׳˺üλȵһû
̧ͷһȣһ漴˵ɨ˹
ˣ򣡡


363 Ҫġ
⼸£ԺǱĥøһ
Ǻ޵ǲޣðɣʵǲҺޡ
һϲܵţڶֱ¡
ΨȣǺ޲ðӵƤ
̵ģû죬Լܵһȥˣʱǰʱߵġ
ڱ˿Ǳ֮䣬ڹǿǳҫ
ʱѾĥûͶӺһȻǰװ׾߻ٸţܲޣɨʹ
ˣ򣡡
˵ʲô
ݲ룬æһܹɨ㣬ҰӺһͷ
һУĵҪٴ
ãʱɽ۵ĺںһߴˣվһԺٺЦſ֡
ȺúóۣȴοǼ
ƨס
룬οǸû˼͡
ӺүǾ
ǶȭӵĶӣ
ע̣ӲɽҲţ㵹ð

֧ӦﳹˣӲ²ôԽԽˡ
ǣ˵ùȣֻ֣ҲǸ
֧˰죬ȵı߶ûմһȺ֡˵ֻġ
ӺѴɨһӣ߷ߵصһȣţ
Ȼ󣬵ͷߡ
ֻߣˡ
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ﶫ
ϲȻĥҪըȴ룬ƨûţͷˡ
תĿͷأʱܲ꣬緹ʡ˰ɣ

Ŀɿڴؿɽ³˳ȥвһ󰧺
˵ϲܰѵ˶ѵɿͷūţԺôʹ
Ҫǰ˵룬һȦֵѾˣܶӮҪﷹͰã

üͷø
ֻһοǼ͵͵Ʋ첻ģûһбģľͷһͷѵ
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ȾãбҪĸˡ֮ǰ̫ˣϲôѵȥǲеء
ɨһɢ˵ѹҲҪأ
ǣһɡ
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ҪĲġǵˡ
ʵȺͷǶһ㣬ЩСܵѧٹ̣ǿѾ˵ĹѪע뵽ǵʹǲͬʦصĹǻУʼзȵӦ֮󣬷֪ӵ˳
ϲܵǵ֮ǰ˵ðѵıҪѪԡڣѾڸ涼ȥԿ´ܣҲֻģҲˡ
ûȫȳ˵ˣǲϰƻء
͵ͷ
ȷˣοǼӣƽʱӣټϺˣҪǺϺܶࡣ
˵ǿǣǰ
ϲܽӵ㻹֪ɣǼСԺ̹ġѧһ£ˣ
ȷŰ۵ֱ˵īߺڣˡ
תͷԷ͵Ǳûοѧŵ㣿
¹ƵĹأֹٷƱѧΪӻݵı·鶼ɵˡ
˵ЩοóѧҲӦúܿӦŶԡ
ѧŵ
Ȳỹãһᣬ͸ء
Ժɸأ˵ѧŵ㣬ƽʱܾͲˣ

˵ܰ
Ⱦ˹ˣϲˡֱ׼˳Դöȣ˵ӦûֻôزŶԡ
¿ɲһԸ飬ѧݵġ
շͺͲ˵Ժֳɼ
οΪףѧҵôȴĺܺãѵܺõһ
Զ¡Ϊףһ
Ϊģϴһ
ȵȵȵȣѧ治һѧһ飬໥໥Ը


ϲ˵ƽʱϸڣһֻ̾øݵжˡ
ǲ쿴ҵģ



364 Ҫ
ϲ˵׻Ǿɣͣ򷣡
˵ˣˣ
һʱûסصġͷ
ϿֵοǣֻͲӺݻ
㻹Ĳҵģ
ȿºڣ治治תͷࡣ

Ȼ˵а취ҲͲڴ϶ϴࡣ
⡭һ򲻸ȿķͣЩ֧ˡ
ȵʦ˵ɣ

һԣòŵȻµˣҲˣԺףŽĳɡ
һüʦҲӦó
һ
˵㱻ǹݵòᣬӦġ
ǹټҡټһǲϣѼֲƵ̫

ʵ÷˵ȥָ֮ǰѾˡ
ηҹģȻǲʱȥֲġ
ŽĸɳȥȥǲķôҲõ涨Ѽּҽ췭ظȥϻʲôɫ
ǣϾڳ²˺ġ
ʦĳֻڶҸŽһ涨
ǡ
Ŀǰһϵ˺ӣǲܵˡԣֻܴڲˡ
Ȼ
ֻ˵һ룬ˣڲֻ
𣿡
ҪԡȻвУջ̫ˡ
ðɣͳͷֻȥټȥ˵

ʦصԼС¥һݣͼ׿ߡ
Щʲôҽг׼
һ㶣˵˰
ǳ԰ɣȥʳᡣ
˵꣬תֳȥˡ׿һ̾ɸһۡ
ǶȻԭֻҪһ׼͵òУʱʱ²
С¥ȥϲܽϣֱʳᡣ
·ϣλεʳߡһСӱܵһԴ
ôԼ
Ǳ߼ϣӪһжӵʳò͡
ȥĸˡ
ϲܵͷû˵
ζôûͼһ԰
۲Ͳá
ȺٺٵˣҪ㣬Ͳˡ
ˣ
˵ˡзôڴҪȥֶء
ȴ֪ȫǿСһ١

ʳᣬǻûȸɴϣǵ
ûһʱݺͺִǵˡ
룬һЦЦϣвߣûһ˸֧
οһҲʳᣬ̲סҪȥкȴƽһסˡ
ԣԶ
οɵһĥҲǹô꣬Żʱһ㶼顣˵ϣôôˡ
ţе㣡
οǶˣȴûǸ۶
á
϶һȣһϲǰ
гοˣ˽½Ӵġ
ʲôʱģ
ЦˣЦǽһá
ջ
ζɵˣüֲѹ
ļ򣬡û¶
Ʋһѹù緹ȥ㣬м˰Ҫ㡣
ɶʱУҾС¥
Уȥˡ˵꣬תҪߡ

ţ
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Ҳʲô¶һţϱɫתֱ¡
㣬˭ʳ˵ģ
¡
Цݽס
ңҲǿջ
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ҡһʱˣ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣûеζ
ʲôңȡͷһأڣ
ۣ
Ǳοʵûס
Ŷ٣̫ˣ˳϶һ
Цʲô
ûûܳȥȾתͷο
ο㶵ĹˣңûЦʲô
ɣ
룡
룿㲻룿
ͷһأڣ
οˣҪ𣿣
ôǲֵܣӿ
ȸ쵽ʳҲġ
Ҽ²ڣͦа

˶ˣĿ꣬ͷһء
գ
ƽô÷ο㷣Ǹɵ
û˶أڣ

ſڸأʳһأǰһڣֱӾص˵ϡ
п຿Ҫ𣿡

Ŀһٶسʳᣬˣͷ֣Էڰ
һƲ죬Ժһ˷һͷһͷһ𷣣ҾͲˣβˣ
ˣֱ۶
Ҫ



365 һ
ɽϵ̼Ƕ֣Ժǲϳͷ𣿽ôľˣ

ǿעĿȴһĹ˵鶼ûУһ·ϣˡ
ĳ϶ǲа
ӵʣ϶аǷ˺üµĻȥ
ԩ
ܹңֻһҿǳΪӹĹӣ
һҲһοƨϡ
ôˣȥ
οֲˣҲǰɣСԼһܡ
һۣھǸç˴ܣġ
οӦ۶˵
Ӹ˵ӺǵġƷӣôайϣ
еÿ˦ˡ
Ӻǲаù𣿡
ӺǰһڣӶˣǻûеԣ
ʱȳˣϻˣܲ꣬һûóԣ
һ飬ɲֿ˼֣ԷɲС
ǺǣҪųԷЦ
Է˲ǡ
Ժͷأ˰ʱ
½½ˣصʳᣬȥԷʱͼȶǰǡ
ͱˣĿҵаʱڶȥʰ
˵һЦϲǣ
᣿
µؿȣ˵㵽Ҫ
ܽ˵ǰ֣ϲҹܣҾȫǡ
ѾԺİǵ˳ôҹ˼ɣԹ֡
ۣ
Ӻƣү
ԺӶ󷿵Ĵ̣ͨҪһٶһȥǻõˣ
һûϴŵģûˡ
ȸͲǷĻᡣ
ʱ֮ȥ飬û꣬ûġ
ٺ١ȻЦšǶġ

ɫһףǷͷɣ
ɢ
һ£һᡣҪܣ˲ɡ
һסصĸ첲Ӵң
Ѿĸˣ˵ң·ʼӣʱİꣿ
һ࣬治ֵܲ壬㣬Ҳټ˰
һˣȥɣùң
㣿
Ҳ᲻꣬ԲˣЪİʱ
صͷᡣ
ȿڵװҲֹСԲˮ
ϲһ۶㻹Ҫ

ʱ֮һٶ˳ȹ涨ʱ֮ڰ˴̡ͨ
ȽȥתһȦصͷһΪΪطأ
οĨŶϵϸϰɡ
ˣȻһδ
ſڼϣĿ꣬ͷһˣ
£
ûҭ
οˣӺƣô˰
ذҲس˵ãʱŪˣΪʲôҪ
һ̯֣û갡
㷣ȥ
û˵˭ûͷ˭ǣ˲ȫܷѽ

οһӲˣ
ƤЦⲻЦصǰɣָ
˵ġˡû˵ƽѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
úסڣ
һߺţһһŰοžܡ
һٶҲӦˣӱȶݣǲð
Թسݣͷ౼ȥ
ֻȼһ䣬һӣزŷ~

Σȸɴ͵ɽš
վɽǰ֪ȿŰͦףʵصġ
ͷ۵ľԺɽ·ɽŵȣ͵ȥɽ·ѧҲɲ١
ȵȻҲܷˣĿֲΪѵܣҪǴѧһ
򲻳Ǿֻҩ
ȻһӶϲѵ˺üµ˵ֻܽһλûġ
Ψһûģ
ѾǵˣûιȥѾӲˡ
ԶһһŲһٶվɽǴȺɸֵ費ԣ˵ˣزҪ
һԶһʲôӺܲ꣬Ҳܷ
ǣʶˣȵѾˣĿ꣬ͷˣ
һʱһͰˣ

ˣҪİ
֪Լˣºһۣ˳ȥҡҡλεͷͷСܶȥ
һֻøϡ
ֻڵѾһŲˣضߡ
͡䨵ҲɽǰһǱŲŲӡ
︴ǵɱ¶ӺǸӣٲͣ͵ιȥ
ҧҡͷ˸ã


366 
ɽŵͷһشҲ嵽ӡ
ǣĸأǾǶʮ·̡
֮ǰܵٵҲͷʮ˵ǣǵӪϱˣҲЩ
ԣȶµһʱܲ꣬δ֪
οһϺȵأ
غºܣǿϴӡ
ǣܹĶ֪˵Ÿˣ浽ۼ֮ʱһƻǶǼĸ
ֻһأѾˣ˵ӣʶѾģˣȫغºһߡ
ضҲѾ˼ޣһٶĻ˼ϣ֮ǰ˺üأ˭Ҳܲס
ٶԽԽֻʣһǰŲ
ۼӣ︴һȣҪµġ
ĬȻҡͷ

οǰ棬ͷһͷӺӴҪӡ
ο޺޵ȥУ
ԴֱҧȱһǷӽûˣ
գ
˿ڷɵĭһ٣ͣ
һң
˵꣬վǶţؼһǰ֣
һѳܸɽ磡
Ժû˼ˣֻһᣬž˵ء
лˣ
лƨ
ҪȱƵģֻвŲҪء
ش㶵ؿ׷ϴӣŷӦҧϡ
ٺãŸҲܲ˶ԶֻһأѾ˷䣬ţ
ʱ񿿹£
Ҳ飬жˣȻûһɡ
Ǽź䣬ǱȱǿȥҲӺϿ硣
һֻԴȻƽο
οһأҲʼûô죿
ʱѾʶɣԼߡ
οֱӿү
ڱסȥûУ˴Ӻţ߲Ź֡
˼Űɡ
οһֻ̾ˡ
ȴ룬ǰͷһͣһѣȥŰӣֻһĿ㿿
ң
οɴ⣬֧ϥǴִ
Ƭ̧̣ͷһһ
ػ࣬ͣ˶ͣһܡ
ʱ򣬴ҲˣٿҲûãֻҪһûɣǷӾͲݡ
ԣȱһ˶ȱһġ
ºʱȻûǼôõҲɣһš
ԣһѣһң
֪ԼӺɨһȦһ飡
߰ɡ
һ̾ôء
Զۿڱһţ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ㡱Ϸؼھȱ⡰һȡƿ
ǱţֶΣĴ߻ȴƿ
Ҫǻ򲻳ֻԼһĶֵأҲôǻã
︴Բ뼸λͶһۣڣеƴɵˡ
ʱѾĲˣСȷʵе㻨ӣƽʱ˵໥Ըļˣֻһͱһˡ
զİ
Ȳ˵ĶĶ
˵ˣֻǿӲذĸŶӵһҪǴıŶǻأ

һʱ֮һٶ໥Żصɽǰ
ȿŶһϲǣڲܷ
һɣڽˡ

ȻһתĶᵽɤ۶
˵̫磬һ֮ļԺǾͰˡ
⡣
⣡һ󰧺
ġЦ¶
⣬ڶ۵Ĳᣬҵȡż
ɢ
˵꣬ȽسһЦ뼸λʦһͬɽⲽȥ
һɢȴûһģ͵һɣһŰӾϡ
˲ڵϣҲûܺˮ͵ϵѾڱϻˡ
̵ģڳˣ
ƽȵıӰصûô򵥣ԣ
һ£ɶ˼ǷӻŻأ
Դ֧ɨȣɨ۴̫˽Ӻˣӿ϶иУ


쳤̾찡һҪƷĥҵ𣿡
ӾһʱˣԺСŵɣ
֧ӣǰһ֣ô˵лˣ
һô죿
һȺٺټЦϰɣ


367 ɹ
Ҫǣͷֻűغºڻ֪Ǹʲôء
ʲôԹǽ黹Ҫллǵġ
߶ŲŲ
лңǰԼ򲻵һȥҲ׵ģ
˸ûȤΣȴοڵ
˵ЩиãĪˣϽȥϴϴЪˣԺеأ
޲ͷͬ⣬ɽ
οȥĶᵽᣬȥӺץѱ
ʱĿ
οǼƽʱûΣԺʹҶȺȻҲԸ⼸ѧΪ顣
ǽ죬˹ؼʱ̣Ǽվ˳
֣ڴûĹǶʱ޳棬ô¶

ݲ룬Ŵһͬɽ
ٺãϴϵĺۣһٶֱӾ˴ͨϡ
ֻյ蹤ûĶˡ
ϲ͵͵ؿ˿صʳҵڳԡзʵһô죿
Ѿ˾»ķ룬ϲ治ת
ô죿ȺٺһЦ㿴Űɣ
еϲøˣ
ɫһ࣬զˣҲԣ
ĻʣţҪٲԣͶ˷ˡ

˯춼ˣοűˡ
͵۾һˡ
ô˯ˣ
һΪʲôӣôˣôˣ
ο˯ƨˣ
³³شĶӡ
˶ҡǸϽȥжӣﻹڲͣ棬Ӻưǧ°
ֻϧ
һݣͼ̧˰ѶյǰĿճ
οУˣҲˣ
׷һҳЦǽһˡ
˯㣬Էûǡ
һ۶϶ô򵥣
Ȼ
ƶۻ˰ɣ죬죬ȥúϢԷ¶Ҳͦˣ͸Ժʡһٰɣȥʳˡ
үģ
ջʹһڣͷߣӻأ
ҡͷһЦ֣ķȻؾˡ
ԺðҲԣ

ǻصһٶ˴۶С۶
ô죿Ҫİ
СŶӰţ泯쵹ϣڲ
ͲòȵģҪȥʳᡣ
СҡҡС磬Ǯ𣿡
ҡͷ绨ûˡ
͵̼ɥһڳʱ򰡣

˯˯οš˵ٶܰϣ
˵꣬񡢶Դʹ˸ɫ˻⣬ԹԵɵϡ
һĥο˵е׷²
˫ĿŷҪûѹһתҼһӺģ
˵꣬ͱ۾˵ˡ
ֻϵĳͱͱһ¶ͭһǡ
̶ǰһô
û˵꣬óˡ
ҿ˷֣ƵС㡣
û⣬ı۾

ûԷһ磬Ҳûԣһٶֻ˯ţ
һʱ˶죬ûĶ
һֻ۾ҿ˿οұǶԴƽ
ֻм˲˯𣿡
οѹ˯ү˯Ҳ˯
ɷʲô裿
֪ҵвֹ˰죬
ƽ۾Űɣζʱ䶼ͣģŪãȲʱѰ
ԴˣߴٵĪˣ߰ɡ
ߣ
Դ¿Ьȥˡ
ǸճȥûһúͳҲĵ
۾оΧһУĺıϵºͱͱ㲻ȥ
ȥ
ºȥˣӺóԶҪͦϳ١
ȥɣҴ
ºһۣҳȶˣ

ʱǾҪƾ¶ˣǮĶ͵ɽӡ
ûǮģǾֻܶˡ

οᡣ
޺޵ҪԷ¥úһ¶ӣ
Դƨķ¥ʡ㻨ǮԺʲô״ǮӦɣ
ƽвءǰģײ
οҡͷҲУŰɡ
ǳɶ񲻸ˡŪڵҹȥˣҵȲˣ
ҪԴѵظɻ
ҡͷʳķ򣬡ȥʳᣡ
⼸۾һⲻʡɽԵĻܲ
ʳһټʳһƬŽ
ûˣ񲻳ţһ˷ܡ
·Ƶȴ£һƣӾͿˡ
ⴰ˨ǸŪˣΪҹȥ㡣

ڣȲس
Ȼ󣬲ûг
ɫֻʣʣԭⲻذ̨ϣƽȥ־ץʲôˡ
⼸Ҳʾһ߬źüͷ
ͳһοŸоԡ
ɫôģأ
ƽŰӵ⻹򵥣ѹû׼
οһڡ˵ĺĽǣԭѹû۳
һ߳ԣһߵ֪ɣеóԾͳԣһﻹûóأ
ҲԡοͷԱһһ٣Σ¶ܲܳϻǸء
˲߶ʹʳֱʵڳŵĲвͣ͵̨߶һЪʳ

ԴŶӣԴӲ֪֮ԱǶôҸһ¶
٣ٺٺ٣
ԴһпѷˣЦԽԽԽԽ޼ɵ
Цɶ
뵽ǰԴѧɵ˵ĶǣҾﲻסˬ
ԴӲ֮㿴ԲôЦǣ
Ǻǡ
ԴЦͦˬġ
οȴûЦ֪ʲô
һĺ̯Ȼ̨ϵͷʹ

һ߼һߵǴȥһЩ
вɣ񲻸ˡƽʱǳŪĻιǣ
ͣӾ͵ιˣ

Ͳˣͼɶ
ʱοҲӣһ
ҪǻǽܷȺмͦģ
ʱ򣬾ͲֻһӺˡ

һе
ûԣҪһ˿ʮҲаԼøܷ
͵ιˣ
Ҳӣһ
۵һ˶һͷسʳᣬ˻ȥ
ֻ˭Ҳûע⵽ʳԱߵӰ֮УȺͲǷȥͶǣһһûӹ˵۾
ʱϲ̲סȵǸһģؼʱ̻ÿǵİ
ȵɪسһǵȻ
ʵ֮ǰҲûף⼸ҪҲֻԼôɾͰ׷ôľˡ



368 ͷϴ
ŶӣһƬ
ָпտգԴ˶ݲ±˼ĸоֻʮհ۾ôҲ˯š
۵ݰˣҲ˵
СҲ˵ǡ
̼ذһۣӲżꣿ¶
ӣûͷûԵ߶ţͷ״ͱȡ
㣡ܲסˡ
հ߶һ䣬˺죡
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369 ˵Ķɵ
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οЦĶۣ㷢ĵʥˣû㡣



370 ɴ
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ӺƸıΡıµ޵аףڻ¶ɣ

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οһϲͣһ߶ԺžŵѴ㡢㶼ȥǮȫǮˡ
žżæ֣òãֵǮ
οɡһҲˣԺ󲻶鷳Ƕٴأ


374 ˰
һ߱׾ô׹ۣһζؿοͺžŶԻ
˵ǰСοˣ˵οչԱ˷֪㡢ɱ¶ǿ϶ûٸɵġ
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ƫƫƽʱźû¶ŵҲʳǵУʵˡ
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375 ʵɻ
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ܶ飬û˾˵ֱܲӸĻںذɣ
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376 ɵɵ
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ʱ˵ʲôҾЩɡǣĽǶ˵˾Ҳûվӡ
Ȼ֪ʲôֶΰһڳճߣǣĿǰȣǰ˹ټңͶûпĿܡ

ڶ죬ɴʽ
ֻʽ·֮ʵˣرӢ
ۼŹ˰ѻҺڵཬʯӵںʵ·ϣľģӣóݡĨƽ
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·Ҫ޵Ҵɽڣ֪
ЦŨ
ͨģءڿɶǳƷҪͨԼһأ
Ӣһ۶ٺС˵



377 ڻ
Ҫڴ죬ϾǴεһˮ·Ҫŵ㣬ʲôʲôϵҲüʱ
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٫ǰƶˣҪǻ˱˼ûܣһʮꣿûûǸġ
ǣܼҡ
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ˡȻһתаĺӴɵɣǱһҲ͹ˡ
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һߡ
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378 ѧѧ
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УʳҪҹѾסˡ⼸죬ⴰͱѡ

СֻɫøʥϹĹƷǶûŹ

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رȥȵ뿴쵰ʲô

߶ϣ˻٣ο񡢷񡢶Դƽһ١
ټϣº⡢á򫡢ءأһʮΧŻѣ˵Цò
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۳ſζˣߺȣûôУ

ȿǰ˻û֣ȻʧЦһСӹĲ
У̲ס廰ʲôƣ
ʶȻҪع͸ˡ
˵꣬һŷֲԣе찡
̧ͷһһ㣬ôˣ
˭ˣزԣû¶һͷ
Ŷ
ɴĿ˳ȥ
㣬ôˣ

أҲܻ
ȸɴеǰ˴㶵ĿУһƨ
˵ҪٲԺͿˣ


379 ôһ
ȴѱһǶվ
ЩףҪʲô
οǿ򶨣⣬ɲܹǰ㲻ԣֻԼ취ˡ
ºһЦûƽͣҲûƷӡ
ֻƴɡ
οһɶ˼
һ߰ؼϵ廨ⷭ˸һ߰οһۣ˵ֵֻܣûͷ
ֵֻֻܣ
˭ﻭ֮ǰɷƵģ޲ð˿ӳôȥûתˣ
οɵؿȣû¶ɣⲻ
ôϻȲͷأ
ƽʶذѾƵݸȣһһ̳ͨɡ
ȥ¥׽ϡ
תͷοǵ°ɣֲˣ졣
ȥþƣƽȾ¥ܡ
ӺȷʵֵӺƣǽӺơ
ο£е㲻զˣ˸ʹӣ
ʵû˸Ҳʹ죬οҲˡ
ʱ䣬ȱڷ˼⣬Щֵܵģȴһæﲻϡ
Щ¶ʵѹĲᣬ߿˶ûˡ
һǣû˸ʹǲŲء
ȥз硣ǰԽż˵Խӡ
ôܲȥĿ޽ؿĻ硣
һã̽䣬ĵܰӻȥ
ʱΧ
ο꣬һƾǸˡ
ǣЦˡ
ľͺˣòǵǰ档
˳ǵļҲҲ˴֡
ͻȻҼǵãǰǸӺдġ
һ
һһʱûӦ
ɰٴ˴󣬱ǧաһһٵ
Կ࣬գⲻӺƳ˵Ļôȴݵľ֮У

ǰ
Ȼһ̾Цſ
ӹ̵һеģ֪ȴǱ˵ɵӡ
ȻһЦ˵ѧ£Ҳûʲôá
ҡͷŲˡ
仰ܶˣŪܶˡֻϧ컯ŪˣԼҲӲһ֡
лͷ
ڣͣܡˡңͣǰ
οоѹֵܣƴڻصҿ㻹ͣɣͣˣҲͲˡ
ָܣⲻͦ𣿡
Цͦá
ǰãʫƷ£ڿ
¹ۣ
Χнʣ
ʳ룬
⵭Ʒﺮ
Ҳʧһð
ȷŰۣˡҿ˵ɽľʣһֻˣУ廨Ķģ
ٺֱ֣Ƶģ
ȵұƵģǼֻɽӿǵ˺þˣǵǸ㰡

˹Цο˵ĹȻûӺҲǼֻء
صǻ򵥣ʱ򣡡
˵ţľѣӵ°ǳһոɵӡ
ȿĿɿڴ⡭
̫Ϥˣջοġ
Ҳ˵ʹһãѿʱһɼζƮ˳
ʱŵؿȵһֻˣġųնˣ
գ
ֻ󹫼Ҳûӹһ١
˵Ҳ̫ûְҵˣ㵹ֶ
Ҳֻһ£ͻ˹һȥȣҵģ
ȻˣǾͱˡ

ȳȥһҲ˺ǵǸ޾ʲôɵӺ
ǣʮСӣΧһֻġлʳһˡ
ǹٴٷʣľܵסʮ˵ĴݲУûһͱڹǡ
ƽʱ򣬾ֻʣһƨɣ
һ̫̫ˣ
ԵذѰϵ廨ⶼ
ЩˡشһţԵسǡ
ȳӹĺþƣЦӺҪĽ൱ɹ
ߣһ㡣
һ㣿۾Ӷ˼֮ˣ㲻֪㣿
ôɱ˷Ż𲻳ɣ
ƽһЦСΪҲû𡣡
ǲһ㣬ǶĲڶͬʱҪһ˿
˵֪ԼΪʲôʲôʱҪʲôʱҪƣ
ƵЩ£ȴЦˣӺƻѵġ


380 ֮ȵ
ЩʮˣȻԺѴڵĲᣬǣһдƾɹ׵飬һֵͬһ֣Ȼ̫ࡣ
ȴͬ
ȻھӦڹԺĽ࣬˵ﻰҲһǶûС
ʩ̣ȷʵЩƹҲһһ첻µزµġӡ
ǣΪҲ̫ʧˡ
˵ģֻʮ죬ܶѾѴǰѧӵһɶ
ȥʳ͵ʳļѣ⻹˵ĹȥǣӺǰ㣬쵽Щˡ
ȥǻˣ
ʲôҸɣûеߵˣʲô
ʱֱԻôһһһ˿
ЦˣԵؾãŹŷзǴȣǸӡ
Ӻƻѵġ

ҪӻԶ۵һУģ
̧ͷһȲһ㶣źܹģȴ֮ȡ
һ㶵ԭǣ֮ȵһֱ׼ˡ
еļνϼһﶼվȵĶ棬ǣƽʱΪֲ̫һϵ
ԣδ֮ǰЩ£ǲ֮Ȳġ
οҲɫˣοû¶Լˣ
Լˣ
Ȼ֮ܵǰָһ˵Ⱦˡ
Ҳ̫ôˣȺ¶Ҳֵܣ

˵ż죬ͳֵˣ
֮һٽкû˽ĻŷֲԡϸϸȺһɨڿƷӡȻǶ
ơƽ͡
֮Ȼʲôôˣ
ʲôû¶͹ȥߣߡ
ȲȻһЦժĵɾȻˣ°ɣ
֮սս£仹һظοʹɫ˼ǣλүô
ֻû֮ȵСתͷո˵Ķˣ
˵Ӻƻѣûһζ䡣
ȿֻ̯صȻأ
Ӻ˼ǷôȥǷʱ򣡡
һִٵźס
·֣ҺԺɱж⣬ʱûûס
ο¼һۣתȵ㵽ɶֵܣֱ˵
ȵʲôɣǾҲܣҡ
ʲô
ң˶ĻҶǲƨɣ
ȿɲԥԥӣȻ϶Ҫǡ;Բɵġ
գοֱ۶ֱ˵ǣ
ǣ
ȻСǡ
صɨˡ
ǣʲôʱҲ࣡
ࣿ
Աࡣȼᶨ
ֻҪ뾭ѵ·Ҳ߲ƫ֪࣬ٶܻƣ

οһ㵱ֵܣǵ˰˱Ѫù˿ǲ˵ֵǵ˻ܹ磬Ѷе󰡣
Ц˵ûҵֵܣĲס
οһ㶣ȲǿЦ
һ߰ϰףһֵ̾ܣҵֵܣһ䡣
Щ¶Щϼһȥ͵ˣαذԼȥ
ʶؿ֮ȣ˵佻׵Ļǣ֮ڣֻ
ҲϣǣЩ¶ֻܸɳɡ
οĺþȻܵģ

һп֮Ҳ֪֮ˣȻҪȻȥˣЩˡ
ôһ˵Ҳе㲻˼ˣɴֱԵҵԴ˹Ƕһģֻ
֪֮ȴϵΪҸס

ûҪ˼ֻΣЩ£ȷʵû˵
֮ȵʵʵҵҲס
ߣǣȻϻϵˣ֮˵ôҲðԼ˵乫
Ҳ֪䣬ҵΪӾ˱ɵӡ
ͷ껹Щʱ΢û˵ʲôֻҸ˳ӦƣӦ
ǣ⼸ȴǲһˡɳ̻سҵһУòСҲֻܾվڶ˵һߣֻΪ鷳
˵֮һȭҪʲô֮Ҵ˼㲻ˣ
ȱŪЩΣһʱҲǣҲǡ
ֵ֮ڣ׶ڼ֮ʱҲǳ̾ҪǲǷ䱨Ӿǵ£Ҳıˡ
һ˵ţ֮һ֮ɶݰɣ
˵꣬תȻȥ
ȵȣ
з۾ס֮ȡ
䱨


381 䱨
˵Ǳɵļȷ档
ǽ衷ᣬ˴һܱᣬڽԺʱֽ֮Ǯ͡ʹְ֮
ְּڼ䣬áʹǮڵĹдʽ޶ȡ
ȻֶƵҲǸɺǱˣʱҲʮͷһé®ͷ࣬һɵѾǲˡ
Ϊ಻ѣӶµڣŽһļӿˡӵˡİ롣
Ȼ֮˵ʷгУٹ䱾֣ң˴Ҳδע⡣
Ҫʵɵ¼ǵ¡
ʱ̡ʹǮʵڣҲԴ˴ӾٽһС̫ء
ôȥˣ֮ҲȻͬ
Ҳ֪ôģΪֻǹٽһ̫ᣬҪطһΪҪЮ
һһñӣҲڱһߣ뷶˳׾ѡ

Щ֥ùӵ¶ȵȻ֪ҲͲˣĵǣ֮˵ġ䱨
ôţô򵥣иʶӵġ䱨
ɲȲƪˡ
Ϊɲɣǰ˾ʵҲյһٱٱģǹ̺ϡ

ȼʵʲô䱨

֮ȱȵŵˣҿһںѣ㶵ǣĽҷԱ֮еٱ
ҷɵҲ˵㸸׵겢֪Ӿ̡ʹǮ
Ӿ֮£˴յ£Ҳٱġ
ҡ
ʲôο
ͱҴˡ㿴ҵ겻Ҳ뷶˲ڻͬͬˣһܵڣ
֮һĴȡ
ʵ˵˰ɣҵӵ䱨Ӿն˵顣
жʦ븻๫ıϸʦΪ䣬۶ˡ
ȵȣȴ֮ȡ
Ҳ˵ô鶼һ䱨֮У
ǵġ֮ʵ
ʱҵ볯ãУû䱨ôģʵϱˡ
˵꣬ȵͷɫּæ
ҵãšı̫֮ĵΪµҡźʦһӢҲӦΪһͰѹû

Ȼǲ˵ҸΪһ䱨ۣʷгʮδ
ֹ̧ס֮ȵĽͣ㲻ýͣ͹ȥˣ㸸
֮˵ֻһ䱨˺һķӦȻûҪƽϡ
ȷʵ˱ɣǣᡢ˴գ£Ҳȷʵƨɲɾ
һˣѻϣ˭ҲЦ˭ڡ
οѿõݵأ䱨⣿
ҡͷ
ǿ϶еģ˭û¶еģרŰµϸ£
ǣʲô⣬οҲ˵š

֮ȻҲ˵ˣִٵذֻֽһ𣬡ǣȻȥˡ
ЦϽô°ɣڻȥ˯𣿡
֮ȵͷҲߣҲ
ƨɾһţôǰ㵱Լˣ
ƨɣ֮ȺȻһЦ˵˾Ļ
ʵʵҵ͵ǲٶˣԼҸ̨¡
οƲ죬̨ҵĹģѶʿԼ˵ͻΪˣ
ЦǺˣͷˡ
ο֮һۣУԼͰԼˣôˡ

֮Ȳ˵ǴСӣҪ棬ʮ˳ȡοô˵ܸое²̨
ȰĿֵݸ֮ȣȥҴ㸸ף֮£վڶɾܶġгƫֻ֮֮׷汾ģ

֮ȿȣңһת
ˣȾƣš
ɺò͵һУ˵Щ¶ȾƺȾƣ
ȳȻƿ
ɣôҲǸ¶ҪǸĸĹأ
һ£ôģ
οû޳ģⲻĵĺúõֿˣ
ȳϿҵǡ
֮ǰǲܣ͵ңҵģҲǸ¶

ɡȵ죬ҺͽϵĸͨԺķƱڽͨȱʳ÷ƱڽлԺǽˡ
ļٵģ˶ˡ
¶
ģƶص


382 ù죬ʱ
ԣԺķƱɽãһ۾ȡ
ǲµӺʲôͼǷһЩͬζĶ
һ仰ܰѹЩⱾֽƬǮһڻɽлȥ
ƾʲô˵㣿ɽɽͼת
һƺƴĵۣ֮ӺƵ˺ƺûбô

ȾƺȾƣĵţ˼˻
Ҳ׷飬һںѺȾƳ⣬
һҰƣƷζ˾Υİ꣬ȵ˶ػصԺҹʱ֡
ɫػصС¥ҪԺȴɽϵĵ
Ȳüͷһ壬ķǼλʦסķ򣬶ʱˣʦû˯
̲סɽϿ˹ȥ
߽һȻʦʦʦʦԺﶼеƹ⡣
в˼ͼʦʹŮŵҹ¼С
飡Ƚסʲô¶ˣ
һȣĵسһתص߹
һ߹￩һӣһӾˡ
ʦ
Ⱦͳ嵽Ժǰλʦڣʦôˣ
һܶû˵ߵ飬ʵôҲ˵һ
Щ¾ǰˣҹյûȥ˼ҡ
ԺػصۡʹŮһΣʦôˣ
ƽؿȣ÷ʲôûʲô˵ġ
һʦ˵û¶Ȳһǣһȴʵŵȡ
˭ôһ졣

ȸоȫ˲䱻һ㣬Ȼûӹȥ

߹һֱ̫ãһƯ֮࣬ʦв磬֮Ѯҵ
ĿΣͷһڴΣֵָһŻصס
лӢˣȰЪЪû뵽һɣû
ʱڷΣ׶༪ˡ
֪䣬ȵˡ
ʦȻǰ縸ҲʦǰദҲͰλ࣬ҲŻߵɳһ㿴
ôСģССģѵû֮٣
ԭʷ֮УڻէȻ

Ʋһۣʲôӣ
Ĩ˰ᣬңʦǷѣͲӦڿεġ
ͳ̾һҲ㲻ġ
ǿҵһţܵ죬Ȼ
ܲƷôأȻȵļ򣬡Ҫ׼ЩϼһҪȥûʲô˵ġ

һӸᡣ
һڻرܵ⣬ȺճıʷҲı䲻ϲ׳
ıϲʦѷʦӶѣҲı䲻ɣҶ鳾Ȼɡ
λʦջԽԽϣʱ޶ˡ
ܵ㵽Ҳˣ£µǴźȥӦûʲôźˡ
ǡȻҪҰѴαʲô߰

ʲô߲ߵģ˭ߣʹﲻûУ
ͻأԺд˵˼
һ̧ͷͼûص˹
ʲô˼Ȼعʦû¶
û¶ﲻ˵㡣ˣҲҴ𲻴Ӧ
а©ֵһȣ𶯲߲ߵģڣ˵߾ߵģ
ϲʦû¶ˣ
в𣺡ˣȥɣ

һӦţһģȥ
Ƚȥˣ͵ȴû
һ֣Һڡ
нȥ飬һ֣ˣ
Ȼһֱ̾˵ɣǲǣ
һʱˣûʲô󰭡
˱Ͳʲô¶ǡ
ǡ
лһתǣ߹Ѫཥ˥ǳŲˡ
׼һ
ûʲô𣿡
Ȼͷȫ޸ոյİ
߹ޡ
лû˵֮꣬Ѿԣ߹ʱҪˣҲ졣
תͷԷ̾ԸŶϸһɡ
ĬȻͷȽȥɡ
˵ţȥ
ȷͼ˽ԷͽŲֻڴϣʦ֡
ɫȴǿһЦգοȣɵСӣ޸ʲôǺúõ𣿡
Ⱦŵġ
ʲôϷôˣ


383 ʡĵ
ʲôϷôˣ
˻һȼæԴֵصʦ˵ЩĻͷ˵ˣɶ¶ûУ
鲻ûнȵĻ
Լ壬Լ
֪Ǹ֮ˣû˵ȥǾġ
ģûôСӶ⳪ϷŲñأ

Цˣ߹һھҵȴղơΪʦȴǰԼһִеˡ
ǰǹԺڶʮʿӸ߳лʦ
Ϸÿһж١
϶࣡ƶ
ϵúúõӣһƣһൽ𶫾Ѷ¥ķǶƿ

߹ԺӳѾǺҹˡ
λʦ˰ޣȹеصλʦˣЩϢɣ
ϲ֪ͨǷżһ죬ҲϿˡ
һЦС꣬Ǳ߹ŵˣҲҪʼص㱣ˡ
ʱҲãǰСôЩ죬ҲЪЪˡ
ȻôˣҲ顣ҵôɣҲЩƣۡ
Ŀ䨡︴ԻլͲŶȵϷ߰ɣ
ššüͷӦš
һʦһͽôڼžĹԺ֮С
¹⣬شԺ֮еÿһѧᣬſţȻʧЦɼǵõ꣬˵ҪϷһµһԺ
һʦôˡ
ͼʱϷ򻹾ãӲɵˣǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
㿴Ŀ𸡣ָֻܣµһ
ʦ
ȴ㶵ؿŷ֪ͣʦôͻȻĸп
Ӻ˵֮ʢɴ񣿡
ܵġƶ
ֻҪӾɢٹʮꡢʮ꣬ʮꡢһ꣬ȻĴͳصȻν̣ŵѧ˽ѧ
Ǿͺáͳһ
ȼʦ˼룬ŹʮҲ⣡
ʮ꣡
ͱСӵ涺ˡ
ʮϷ򲻶Ķء
ӺưȽӻֵҪµˣĳ˵컻ҲΪ
ȳĬˣȻ֪ʦ˵ʲôǸ컻ҲǴ˴εĽɽǴ˺ǧĴͳ
ԡ
һ࣬оⱩһ˲˲ضȣԣһεᣡ

һΪʡĵĺӣ缸귶ͻ㣬ŻЩδ䣬Ϊݻ
ǣЩ꿴ԼûʲôһֱϤЩϼһ
ǣⲢţȾ˷ˡ
ңǡǡ෴һ㣬ǷôҲĵġ

ȻʦҪһ𣿡
Īһʹǵġ
Ҫߵ·ݲðܲһ˿СΪǸط֮һ֮ĸ졣
ͳ̾һϷԿ
Цǣ
Ҫ飬Ͳн졣
Ҳ̧˼֡
ԶǸĺӣ
ϷҲԶܰȥ


۾һʪʦ֮УŨŨĹذûаֱС
̲סŷͼǰߡ
ʦҾǸͦٵܺӣ𿴶ʮͷˣȻĲԵĳë
ͺһۣ㻹֪е֪֮
漴ڻûʲôǵ˳ǲеġ
˵ȼ
ûô߽ƷУΪΪֻһõԸãҪ޲һΪ֮ܶһ֪ģҸ
һ⵹ùû취
ֱ˵ص㣡
ͣ½Ųߵһȫһ顯ֳšĸ飬Բܡ˼ҵĳŵжԹټҵΡ
ʲô˼
ҵ˼˵Ҿǿ嵱һһǰߡ顭
Ҫ飬ھҸ˭ҲܲҵĵطżƯӣԵˣ
ң۾һ
£˵㣬Ĳᡣ
ٺ١װɵغٺֱЦҲңҲ˰ɣ
ͷŰۣӣϷôĵˣ
÷İЦš
һԶңƶ治͵ˡ
һĬ漴̾Ϸܸƶã

ҲźҹڸǣȥЦ⡣
ҲҪһˣȻˣ˭


384 Ҫҩ
ҹ˾һʦһͽôɫڹѿľ֮䡣
ȺȻ棬԰ӣ޶֮Ϊεһ԰֡ǣż꣬ȴû԰ӵˡ
͵ͷǰǹˣǿľԲ֮ˡľˣľҲʽˡ
ʦľ䣬⾰¾Ͳ׷ѡ
ݸһЦʱǾӣϱĸ
ϷľҲˣ֮ʱǰâ¶ˡ
һᵽȲһͣոں䣬֮ȵǷ
ˣСиҪʦ
üͷʲô⣿
ǶǶǰľˣʱ
֮ңδУʦǶʱ䣬ɾк
ţ
ôֳˣ
£Ȱ֮˵丸ӵ䱨飬ʦϸϸһ˵
üͷø˵ӵ䱨Ϊ
ҡͷҲҿ϶ֱֻϾǰһʱ䣬˾ʵҲһ䱨ַ̫ˡ
ҡ
ң֮Լػؾ򽭻̵չЩӣܿҲʹֶΡ
Ͳͷ˼
⻹˵׼նҲ˵ӾҲ䲻̵֮飬Ϸû洫ǰ㲻ֹ֪£š֮£͸΢ˡ
񵡢µҲƵļãʼ֮ʱΣҲֻڳسټ֪
ܰЩ鶼һֽ䱨Ȼ͸Ź졣
ȵͷԣҪʦʲôƫɣºпܾµģ
ҡͷЦô򵥣꣬û£ƴݱΣǲ̬ġ
ңڳ˲ֹʮ꣬ؼôվ̨
һʧ˵ȷʵǸʮ꾹Ҳû¶һš

͵һתһ
ʲô
ȻҲñΪһվؾһǱߵģ
Ϊʲô
ͽɫֺһȡ
֮ǰ˵ϷΣľǱĴʿ͵׼Է֮ҲԱʿĹԱ𣿡
šȵͷӦ£ʦġ
ĸڱ˵Ӧʲô̬ȣ
԰
һĴȣҪʶˡ
ʲôԣǺʮʮİ֪Ϊʲôã㻹Ǻһʵ֤
ץţԶ

ȶݺݵһҧ´ץţǾ¶š
һ٣ȵ˽⣬СҪҩˡ
Ҫ
ȺٺһЦʦ¶£
ʲô¶
ʶ˶㡣
һɣ˵ҩһġ͡
Ҿò׼ϰҰѰѹء
ֱ˵¶ӣ
˵ˣɲ𼤶
˵
˵˰
˵˵

ȳһ¶ġ
롭ɿ

ֻת
ҩĻҪһ򱶣

ûӵʱ򣬳Щʿ¹Ǵӻ̡
ǣжˣңһӾӣ¶΢ˣ˭Ҳˡ
Ϊھ¨ӣ
ʵ˵ף˭Ҳûͱƣ˭Ҳ˵ҪԭǣĲʱ
ֻһӣڶûô鷳

ˣͳڣǡʳӣ
ܻʺµӣֻôһյĹ򣬵λҲǼΪεġ
Եʮָӣ˵򵥵ǣӦ˭⡣
ԳͣԹԳ
˵ܻʺĶȻǵӵףܻ֮ӡ
ǣйһβ
ʮǰ͵¹Ӻ꿡
ʱҲӣ˻ˣ֮꿺֮أԵӵ׵ĹǺгʱºڣ޵ĶӲ޵֮֡
ʱһ꿺ؽղյûʲôֱߣʵ۵øӿǷţˣԽҲǲ̣ԳʼʰֶΪأ
زȻǣһʮҲûѵġ
ֻĹˣ˵ˣʱɶӡҪȥˡ
ڣһ¾ˡ
ܻʺ˶ӣһ³һһ񷨵Ȼǲܻʺռš
ǣʵ۵ţƤʮǰʹȥ˰˵֮գ
գϹء
˵Ƿƨ
ԣ¶ûᣬҲû˸ᡣ
鷳
ǣһ˵ǷƨǾ͸鷳ˡ
˵ȻףĻʳȷǼ̳дͳѡ
ǣ˭Ҳ˵
Ϊʲôأ
ܼ򵥣εĽǶǣܻʺӼ̳лλõѡ

ƾĸ׵ıںռһ֮λġ
ǸΪɵˣĸλ֮ͰŮн£ʾն顣
һŮʲô
۲ܻʺٰ˵ĽŹŮܼŴھ綼ŲСӰ
Ҫ֮˵˭ɣ
˵Ƕ֮ƫܻʺ
ȻˣվȵȻƫܼңܿԼδĸҲС
ǣһ֮ӣôۺ󹬣ǳãľͽˡ


385 ǽ
ף
£޹غ񷨡壬ʹǷ˽İǰҲһѡ⡣
ƽӹ޹޹ˣλ֮УⱾһƲĴ⡣
ȷһ֮Ϊ̫ӣǲܼңܼйص᲻ᰲȻ֮
ڰȻ֮ǽ᲻ж֮أ
ңˣȻǻʺ
֮ӣڻãһȥòܺںԴ
ٵǣλ赱ġͳ
һ磬µףǲܺ󣬲ܺڸ˵Ķӹܼ
˭ܱ֤һ˳ְԼĶӷˣŶһ߳ȥ
˵֮ӣȻǺ
εʿֶԾԾӣ˭ҲԸ⿪ϳףԻĿڡ

˶ʮ겻һӣںˣһ뵽Ҹķ֮С
ʱûģãϱӲʲôⱲӾôծġ
ڣһ˵Ҫֱ֮ܲ
һԭӵĴڣ˭ȥһһƬ

ʵ㣬Ϸ룡
̫󣬾ܰըҲܾˣݲ÷Ͳʡ
ȻǺٺֱ֡ҲǱƵûˡ
ˣϽȥ˯ȥ
ߵլǰӬһȡ
ոջڰ⺢Ӷ¶˭֪ת͸ô⡣

Ȼضȥ
Ȼ֪¶Ҫ治ãðԼȥǣƵˣҩˡ
Ҫ͸ҪȻ϶ƣܰȱƷˡ
뵽ܻʺ֮գ¶ķٶȸӼᶨӳŴ׵ͷ
϶¶ʲô¶Ȳ֪ԲҪס
Ǹ̽ɣͿýӲˡ

صС¥һݣͿ׿ԣ֧°Ѿ˯ˡ
ĵߣա
׿Ƶ۾˰
϶ͣţ㣬ôȥ˯
׿˯ذһۣ·ִӳڵ⣬Ҫ㣬ҲϴҲݵ˯ˡ
˵ţȥȴˮϴ
ҡͷЦôǧѣ谭صԼһĶֵأôܰݡ
ŵ¥ɸķһۣѾ쵽ˣѾͷӦ˯ɣ
صԼۣ׿Ͷˮˡ
ϴ˰ڴϰѽϡȲŶԾ׿Ѿͷ֪ǻ𣿡
׿ҡͷʱѾ˯ˣû
ȵͷߵĴض
׿
Ӻ󱳣ûصֲ㣡
׿һһˣåôֱ׳
鲻ԸߣȻĴ޳ܵ˹
֣׿ɫغȳ⡣ɸǱ߶ü
˯
ȶԾ׿ĺȳȫߣֱӷŵ˾׿ϣʼ
׿Ūֱܹܲص㣿
ȺٺٺЦȥˣ˯ɣ
㡭
㻹û˵꣬Ȼ۵һǴʲôģһѹúܵ͵ʹߡ
ƵĶŶϸȴʲô
Σ׿ŷӦֵһȣ㣬˰ɣ
ҡͷЦ˵СѾͷƬѧʲôãѧ˼ǽ

ڶһ硣
ϰԵһţײɸҲ
ɸͷػأ˰
ȻûȽӻɸѾƵĳ¥
¥ûɸ磬ȴϲܽԺӡ
˵졮򡯣
šӦšǻˡ
ϲܵͷǽͶǼ£
ˡ
УҲ¶
һɣʲô¶
ȥɽӪ⼸Ҫ¶ǰѰѹء
Ȼ뿪˾飬ϲܶϵӪǷŲġһпվͻȥۡ
һĥҲãһңҲȥһֵۣȱɶ
ϲܵͷӦ¡Ȼȥ緹¶ٺһȥɽӪ

һż٣һûѷǶĿ
ǽǣ
Űӣ¶һ㿴Ĺȥ⡣
̵ģüûˣӶˣԺǿڶˣ
οµͬȥͬȥ˳ĳԻơ
زƣĶǮ
οƲ⻰˵ģǿĵĵͷŪͽǮ
ӵȥԽôֵдģ
ԽҪǵôɣôֳԴ󻧵ĸо



386 Ҫ
ʥּؽӪΪһᣬִ֮ƴ֣ɼһ¾ʮӵġ
ֻɽӪսãȵĹ̺ϱ˾й˵ףҲǣ
ֲ˸ıĴñӣҲᵽȰѵӪɽͼı죬ӪĴһӸ
ԣôʱ䣬ʵ۵ʥּȻУǣǵֵ΢һֱûñµ飬Ҳһֱϵڡ
ı֮˶ۣӪҲ˳ˡ

Թ緹ϲܴźֺȣ˷£ӪɽҤϡ
Ҥֱڹ¯͸¯ˮҤһ飬ʮҤ¯֮ࡣ
ȻЩҤ¯ʵ顣
ǸϽ𣬻ˮֻ࣬ʵԵĲ֮ٷɵصʵ㡣
ԣϸ˵ɽʮҤǴεзأ֮صĴڡһĽһݡ
ȻҲֻеӪһ˾ڵӪı߶ϣܾӪҲȳ⣬ʼڵ壬פڴˡ

ǵʱ򣬵ӪϱҲǸճ緹ӷ
һϲܺǣͷ
ͷеӭڵѾӪָӣɶڲ೤˾ʮصġ
غҲ˹˵ȥǺһ٣ȴԼˡ
һ֣ȻڹԵĺãĺãǣϲֵǻһ
ͷأ
ָ
˵꣬û䣬ʲôѴɺͲϸ紵ˣ
ȴӷＱ߳
һЦ˵Ҫ¶ˣ
Цô˵˶ˣһ͹
ǰ·ƽʥּͱĵ飬ɾţˣȥڳǵĽӪ֮мѡľ¾˭Ŷʹ
ֵǻȱʲô˸㱸š
ֱҡͷȱɶҲȱ
һ̸ְףⱦףȥǽһ磬ɰѳĽ۲ˣ
ʱŲ廰ɺͲͷûǰ찳ȥЩүӲǱӣġǰǵĺñˡ
ûðʥּʮǧǾĥǱӵɶɣǾ֮
ϲöɨһŵĺף赱ӪͷˣҲû
תͷ⻨Ųŵĺܣöˡ
ȻһЦ֪˼ɲֻô򵥡
ϸģ㲻ϸʹɵӣӪЩֵܣҲڹһϹɱ֣񲻻ǡ
ϲܺصǾͰֵˣ
˵꣬ϲתͷȡݵ˵˵ʲôˡ
£Ƿɽͷ¶
ǰһȵ¶Ҫӣֻ˸ɽͷҲû˹˼ɣ˵
ϲЦûˣпΡ

ʱһתʵͷʹҲ㲻ʱ򡣡
üͷһأ
ЦһӪ̫ţ˱ǼӪͷȴˣ͵ôɺͲͷˡ
ȺͲһۣ˵ټҵʥּãȥʲôã
ʶһ䣬һӪ˰
ЦŨ̧һָɲǶӪ

һ۶˵ҪǲܾҲôˣ
ֶ쵽ԼֵܶˣһҲӵġ
ϲҡͷЦ϶¹ΣôҪǽǰ
Ҳû취ؽӻ
һָͷֵ¾ʮ¶һʮˣҲܲ
ȷʵûˣȥڲ϶ǽǣϾӪԭڴģ֪֪ס
ϲһĥҲԣӪǱҪˣֱӾʹ
ȣҪȥ϶
һЦСߣ۴
ϲ۾һңأ
𿴲ܾǻʵСӣϲԶǸԼġ

ӪӪַڵӪĶϲܺҪȥܾٺٰЦſֵ̬ں棬ƺƵӪȥ
ӪһָӣȻӪԼҺԺһ
ÿһ֣еĳ


387 ͿյĽ
ǰ棬ȻȺϲҪˣǣԭӪ߹ɣϣһִģǻԼҺԺһ
һӪŵɾ¿ˣСƶӪͷأ
СƶȻǱĴֻǸԺþ͸ôš
һӪͷСƶеǰͷզˣǶͷ˵һأ
޵صͷϲ¾װ
Ҳһϼֵܣкþƣֵǽ
գСƶӦ¡
Ӫͷأһ顣
СƶʶӪһۣ÷أ
쮣
һɣϵģ϶Ͳͣ
ɲСƶѹ
ǲ֪ɿֵˣӪͷǽһݣضˣûѴ
һڵӪĵǲЦ϶ǰϵӪĹضӪˣϵӣûôϵĹƣпŹ֡
Ե˵ͷ϶ҪӪѵɵӪ
˵ţҪӪ
~Сƶɫһ䣬ס
ǡҪ
üͷһ壬˵ôأ
Ӫͷ¶˵꣬
Сƶס˵ˣֱҡͷ

Уܽ
ҰָԼıӡһܽԼҺԺˣ
Сƺٺһ֣Ӫͷ˵ˣ˭УУ
գ

ȵںʵǱﲻסˣЦǰ͡
ȸǴȤ߲ͽ߲ɣ
ҲסӣݺݵصСƶһۣûĵĶ
ȱЦ⣬ǰ
ҪٲϽˡ
СƵȥͨһ˵ˡ
Сٴ⣬ƹСȥ
֮ǰæζؿһۣ˼ǣͷ㿴˼ңһ㶼ΪЩͷ
Ǻ޵Сӣҵţ

ʱСƶͨأǣ϶û˵ǽӪǸСƶӪǰ
һӪֵǶˣȺͲͷҲڣܾϲɫɫ

ţأֵ㣬Ŷý
ƨֱܾӿ
ֵܣ϶ôͲʲôͷˣ
ʱ⻰˵ģֵܣĲҵģҵĲģҪ㼸

Ųڻãһ˵ܾǱβƵģָźһڵӪϱˡ
ûôɵġӪʮͷϹϲȥǽǣ
ص⻰˵ģ˭˭ֵܣǾ㣬Ŷý˵ǲֵܣ
ܾ۾һɵ֪
ϲܿȥˣǰ
ܾһˣһͷ
ϲȻһЦЦò׵ÿնǣŶý
ܾû˵Ҿӡ
㵽ýǲý
ýý
ܾ޷ֻÿӪţýӪС
Ӫغʹ˸ɫ˻⣬ûӰ

˲ܾӪʣϲҲû⣬ǰӪܲ϶Ҫ
ҪǸӣҲס
ܾһᣬ˵ҲţҪֻҪһ˵ɶ
һڵӪϱӶЦ
֪Цʲô༸ôţټӪͷҲһǾǡ
ָܾ񣬡Լ߼
һ㶣ͷغ񣬡
ɫһ죬ҲҲûٰɣʮ
ʮ˸
ܾǺϲ߿࣬˰ʮ鳤˾ŸӵһҲû

ϲܲûҭţ˵ֻܾôķӦѾǽǶˣǲذ
ڱĶֱۣȷʵеݰ
еСˣ϶ÿ
ִٵظЦⲻҲҲǵ
㶼ˣզ
˵ˣ˵ȰѰ֧˵ҹô죡
ţһͷǳ˵ͷǼ˾󵽲ܾһ
ܾã֮۾
Ȼ󡭡
Ȼһȴ˸գճ緹û
ɨĿʽǵıӣڵֱȥ
ȼ̲סһʣ
Ҷ
ʲô
ҵ
ӣ



388 ľԴ
Ͳ϶ⱩƢһԲϾ͵
ϵһѴ󵶣Ҫʹ
ʲôô˵˵žͶˣ
Ҳµôһ¶һЦл˵л˵
˵ү
ܾױߣʹȵܱ
϶Ϣ˰ģ
ûôûô͵ֵǷġ
ô˵ȴֿ˻ǳˣȻܾôӦ
ʶ㣬ϸ磬
˵꣬ͷӪϱŸɵ
Ųٺֱ֣Ҿ˵жó¶ɣ㿴ҪƵģҿɲȥ
ҡͷȥ£
ûôǴģҪף
ϲܿҺ棬һŶͷۣ
ڹ֮ʱָһӪ丸֮磬ôӪż죬ҲСһͳ˱Ʀˣ
ô£
һ˶һ͡
϶ѵ£
۵
ܾݺݵذѵһӣ˵ĻϲܵĻҪġ
ɿܾʲô¶ôӦ
ܾŭЦЦſ
ջɳ²֡а϶õﰡ
Цҽģ˰ɣ
ô£
ϲܾãǾǸ
ܾЦһָغű飬ֱȥӪˣ

ϲλǽŹУǽ٣ȴΪ˼жٳϲҲˡ
ܾʱЦŨҲ룬ûӪͷ˵˭ҸߣһԣӴȣ
£
ûҧͷҿ
ûߣ
ֳ˵Ҳ˰ɣӪͷҲ˵˲㡣۵ӪˣҪô˴ˣ϶ҲͲûˣ

ûصһۣ޲
ȥӪֻнֹʶ۵˹
϶˵طĵһ¶ǣʶ䵽ԼıϡӪϿʱӣǡѾɵӪĻˡ

һҲװˡ
˵ɣôſϷˣ
ûŶ붼룡ܾ粽á
һҪˣǵ˵ȥһˣʥּбҪ㼸
ôھ㣡
ܾƢˣ־Ҫ񵶡
ˣˣ
ϲһڶм䣬ȣ챿˵Ͱɡ
һۣΪ⼸Ǵ粽ˡ
ϲƤߵĿ԰ô˵ͣ
ǣһת˵¶Ȼˣ
ˣһ˿˵͵˼
˵ʲôľԴôʵĶģ˵ɶҲ
ۡ
һ˵ȣ˲ܾˣƴ˵𰡣
ʲô˼ܾˡëӣһˣŲţ
Ⱥһۣ˶Ĳ

ͦø£ĸƼ֮Ƶġ˼л
øƨ˶ˣǺˣأ
粻˵ġ
裿ܾ۾棬棬ܻ𣿡
϶¿ң
㿴Ⱥһһ͡ɣ
ҲУܾǲɡ˽ˣô죿
Ҫô˵ľԴأ
ģûʽѵϹϣɶ
ɶܾת䡣
ѵصĳƷϱ

񡭡
ô¶
ȼϵͿԼӪѵɶʱȥѱʹ£͵ȥѧˣǺüʮľʱ򣬻òһССӪѵ
ǡаɣ
ܾͨˣǣɵûң
߶𣡣

ڱķƴȷʵܺư
һĴָ
ȥ˰
ȥɣܾЭˡǡ
ǣСи°ͷȥˡ
ӪǱ߶ȸðĺû
һۣôôأ
ȥˣûиȥС
ϲһ֪лҪͲܾ˵ӪֵҲӳȥˡ

ڲ档
ܾһ֪࣬¶
ʲô¶Ҫת
šҧҧͨһǱߵ¶ִˡ
룬ƶ
ܾһ
Ǵ¶һǸС˴
̫
룡
ʺи׼
ȼεͷܲС
Ȼͻûͬȵ⣬ǣȶʦ˽⣬¶ҲֻǴֶϵĳɣûдġ
ԣòܼ׼ǱҪ飬Ϳʱ򣬲٫Ͳܻʺܲܳסˡ



389 ǹȥ
ܾȵѣҲû˼˵¶ˣһ˼װͻسȥˡ

ڶ죬٣Ծ͸һ
ֻһ飬Ȳһ㶡
ֻοŸ۶ࣻҲرһ첲ҲҶ
ƽ񡢶Դ̡֮ȣҲǸˡ
СĶǰҲи
ȿ⸱ҵӣһ֣ˣ
ûôֵɶ¶ûУ
֪Ҫܷ
ǣָϵˡûôô˳
Сˤġ
ðɣɺֵ֣ܳʹǧ֮󣬴һá
οߣһοļ
ȴ룬ΪӹһαĵһȻҲˡ
ȴ㶵ؿӣ˵ҪҪôذ
˵˵ɣôԵĿֵܸ㱨𣡡
ο򣬡û¶ܣ
ȸǺ棬ôˣ
룬οû˼ˣԴǡ
Ļͦǿ
ԾͲˣ˴ܣ¶
ң¶治һйοǵС嶯

˲٣緹ȷ¿Ӿͳˡ
ɸ׿ԹĿȥ
ɽƵط˵һ㶼ãֻҪһȼӰӶץš
ȳС¥ͼݡԺ
ӪʽɾȥˣͲȥˣǣһˡ
ǣϲ˸͸˼٣һӪȥ

еɽӪǰͲܾϣܾһԡ
Ҹ˵һҪأ
һšüͷôкι˼ɣ
ܾصǵǡֻˡѾʵã糯ͻ˵¶
Ƚһ٣̫ˡ
ǰҹһ٫棬ҪϢܽǰӽٶȵĽۡǣת죬Ѿˡ
˵˺ܼ֮ķҲȻС
סûʲô˵ģ
ܾһҲֻˡ
ȴʱҲɣǿǲܰѻȽеĲϻ˲ܼңûпǵܼݵ⡣
ǣ˵µЩһأҪ˿¶ûͷļ
صزӪ̧һ
룬¡صġ
ֻʮϱ޲Լ˫ճӰȫּף»εۡ
û
ȼʮУϿտҲҰ
ô죿ôҲһʱ
һۣôŽ
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Ӫʷң⡣
ѵӪĴͳȥ⿿ƶȣпͷĴ̿ǲġЩһӪͰѵӪĹ¿ڹ
ҾӪʵıϣȫӪ۵λá֮ǰȳûˡҲ֪Ķ࣬ȻҲûȥ
ߵǰӳģ֡
֡Ӫ
֣һ̾¶ӪӪҲҪΪȥˣ
ǳΪȥǵ

УټõҲԿտŵǽϣһ߳߻Ӣͼ
Ǳݳ£Ӫ԰ٵǧ¼
ΡݣٯϣϮ
յĳţͳµһӲĺڡ
߱ףʾ͹ճʮˣʬǰǧеơֻǿһۣѪڣ
û
ϲ䲻ֻǰֽȾīλصĸо̲ס̾
ȵһЦӡЦЦʿɡ
ͬīܲ
ȻᣬѾɣһ˵Ҳǲɶõļˡ

ͬΪʲôһ
ܼ򵥣ΪͬϵԪ뷶ʡ뾩һ𿼳ȥġ

ɨ
ǵӪ¼ǺӪʷ
棬İʮ߸֡
ܾݿǰǸ֣Ȧһ졣

㣡


390 Ӣ

һӵ˶ʹҲҵõˣһ˵һٱ飬һ˼ǵס֡
ʱİʮ߸ֵǰ棡
һ֣һЦɻ̲סȦ죬ֱ
Цֿ޵صôҲ벻Լôٵһɣ
ܾһ׷˼
㣬ίˣ
Ҳʵǰϸίˣж֪ع£סһصĺأ
ȶȻİҲδˡǣòܾͲ˸пӦǼΪİɣ
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ڣÿȥᣬµӪıʿʱʱǱʶͻһֹУ֪Լ֣սǨУоһԼͱ޲ߡ

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̨ϿķӦ̲סζһЦ
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391 졷
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˵˺ôôȻǰõġ
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392 ռȻ
ߺƵһͲûߣ첲ֱȡɶˡ
ڼʮĿʳ֮ڣһɰȴڽֽӿ
ڽڻ˿¶֮ò٫羪֮ǴӣΪԻ̽ʱյĵλģʵ̫ˡ
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һܣһ߻صŰɣˣ



394 ׯ轣
ʲôòܼҪС
Ⱦ͵оͺãĽһ

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395 ʼǽ
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Ҳģֻ֮𣬾ûɣҲվ߶˵ޱӮ䣡
ңԼųȥڣҲǡµġɣ

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û뵽ǽյĽ֣ӳ֮ӵĵ֮һ֮ʵӣ˺ͼҽһ֮ʡ˵ǸĽ

ڲܸǰͣ£٫³
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ȴȺ˷վڲܸǰ
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һ߶㣬һЦ֪㲻ܣ㣬ôôأ
㣿ɱ㣡٫
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˷˵׷ʵڲӣס٫֣˿Ц
٫ҿ
˷ʲôҴġ
٫һݺݵؿȣҲܼҲ𣡣
һ̯֣Ҳٲˡ
٫Ҫ֣ôôأ
˷Ȱˣͱˣ
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٫һɶ˼
˷ҿȥ˵ȥ˵
ǿŶ˽û£٫Ȳʵ˵ôҲܼҳຣ
ȱѾӿຣѽ
գӣĳҺƴ
ȺٺֱЦ쳯ϣʳӵ˰ɣ
٫סˣô֪
糯£ֱӻؼҵģô֪
ô֪Һ͹Ϊڸšû³پͰŶˡ

㡭
İɣ˷ᰲοֻҪһڣܼҵ¶ȥˡ

٫ɵһϵΣϵôһ
µˡȵɲ֤ʵһ£Ҳȷ
ǹټҲ֪
š
ġҲ׼
š
žôһڹ
ٺ٣Ҿһǰʱĸܡ
ɱ㣡
٫ֱˡ

˷òװ˺һ٫侲
˵һֲ£㵽ʲô⣿
ЦҲʲô⣬ֻ
ֻΪһϷϧȴֻһΣ
Σ
ԣΣңǺ̵ܶΣ
ֻУһѣ



396 ˭˭
ܸ
Ҫ֮ʱƳȥ
٫ѶؿȣȷʵǷӣȫơ
ȱأһһֱõڸʲôҪӵ֮ӣƺҲ˵֮ͨԭԼĶ촢λڴ֮еĲҲ̫˰ɣ
ȻѾǻᣬǶԲҲûйһһذƤ˿ˡ
˵͵˫ĿԲɣȭʦڣֱˡȻǧƣҲԼȥɣ

٫ˡ
ǣҲôɣ
ЦֻԱ֮ʩˡ
ʱ䣬һһһһĻôӡǰ׽ˣ


ʵܲڸУȴ橳ٹ顣
ӭ˳ȥʵ°ݣظֽ
΢΢һЦ̹Ȼ֮
ѵɴ߲һʱгһʮ壬һһá
ѵǣ
ʱܲȴǻˣҲ֪٫ӺѾס֮ȸˣ
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ʳԵڲᣬ»౸׼ȻϹ
أΪкҪ£٫ƼСôˣ
ܲϲɫ糯ʳ֮һɣܾݾͳסˣӺ˹Ϊıڻû
ţһ
ȷʵе
˵ӺƵոƽϢǲ٫ڴѾôĿŵľһա̫˰ɣ
ı£
ܲȻһЦҪô˵ǳסӺҪƶλ

ɲòѾļǹǽˣ
ʱѲ֮ܺǿλ
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ԽôķԽ֮޷Ϊ
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ʵӵҿڳһ£ʵܼ⹴ᣬ촢λҰġ
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ý͵Ѿһӣұĵ˼ܿλʱá
ǡ
һ̾⵹ȴʵСڷ۳ãһֲоһ˿á
зŸɣ
־һ˿ܷ֪᷶ԲӦһ
ȥ죡ܲȥ
ʵĿʹȥıɻصǲܼԼԼˣܹһء
Ҳأ˳ܡƱɣʳӼλ谭

ڶ糯
δ©Ժȴаİٹٳչ졣
ճϣ׿ڶ˻ʳԵ֮޲´⣬ҲյĴ󳯻ᣬʷһ졣
ʾһʱĿʼһĿʼ
ʸٵǴ󱦵Ļӣô˭Ҳ֪
ǣΪʲôἰ֮£ʮ飬ɾĹԱѡ˳Ĭأ
Ϊʱ飬ʵôò׼ˡ
Ҷͬһ⣬޻ʳӣò֮ܺ˳λǲЩǷף
ûнڰ˭ʶܼﻹôһɵصȻ˭뵽٫ͿʼΪܺıѴ˶ųں֮أ

öڽ۹۱ǣǹۿڣɫصĳ·ûаֹ
ʵϻЦѡ
ɲʲô£ֻҪ»ɵӣټϲܼҲϵķһ죬ǻһѡ



397 ʲô
ڰ˼һ̧Ƥǰ˽ȴʷг
һӭ˹ȥ
гɫǷѣ
Ǽ񣬡үĻҹЩ
ò޹егֱεĺڡвʣҪĪһ㣬ȴǶ񼲲
һ֣үˣǣ

ãɫչ
ǣ
Ǹƨ
ֽӵһ䱨
֣
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ࣿǲࣿ
Ҫһģ£ݶϷ
ǣʹʲô¶ڹҲºûô򵥡
ǹʹˡ
ʮǰôһ컹
˼һҹɫܺ
·룬©Ժ룬һֱҲûǱǲ
ȵ糯ˣһ䣺ɻбࣿһӰˡ
ѣ¸
󲽳࣬
ֻû˵꣬͵һ߳üŵһ¾ҭ˻ȥ
С࣡
Ⱥ޲Ѱȥ
øɻصһšüͷ
Ϊࡢ󲽳ˣǡ

˵Ҳ̫˰ɣôҲҪ֮ٳɣ
ԭĴ㣬Ҫڲܼҷ֮ǰȰ鶶ȥ
ʱܼҺͻʺһ죬ҲǷֱ治塣
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˵ףаٹһһͷˮ
ʱ䣬ơ֮£еҪ֮ǰ࣬ʲôӣ
Ͳ˵Ŀ⣬̹ȻС
бࡣ
ޱؿ˷죬һԴ뿪Цһ䣺
ǣʲô룿

úˣ˵ô˵˵Ҹ
˵꣬Цֿ򣬡˵Ҳ˾ܵĻͷ𣿡
𱸣ϧһµġ
ػܻǵһȰɣ
ΰ˵ʣ㲻
޷ֻõ²޷
һЦʣ£
ֳҾ֮ǰһʡ
ʡ
ʳԵ֮Ƿѳɶۣ
ЦˣȻ޸ģȻᣬ˵Ķ԰ɣ֣
ʵͷϣòò
ִһЦȷѡȷᡣ
㿴Ц°¹ϣɷ˰ɣ

ҪǻζҲͲ⳯ϻˡ
ɶ˼
°¹ϣһӷģټһǼǹ
ңȷʵеϰ
µĿͣҪǩҪǵᣬһͰˣ
̫ˣ

һǰ϶ɫһչȻʳӵѷ֣ǳһҲ֮ˡ
䣬£
򲻼ڶ䡣
࣡
Ծֱӡ

񣬴̫ƽʢ󣬳Ұ£ȳͣĺ֮񸻹ǿ°̩޲ʥΣȻ֮ǧ̳ǣΨȱһߣԽɽΪȣ쳯λ֮ҵ



һƪ룬䶼ɵˡ
վڷ˵ϸ簡ʲô
һڳλ࣬˵񰡣ʲô
ñŷ亹˵үģʲô籾ôдĺ𣿡
Ҫ
Ҫ׳
ĵգҪǷˣɵˣ
һˣҪƲ֮ܺӵȷ棿

ˣʻʳյ¶ɵ
ҲǣҲǣôҪʲô

Ǻþɲʱڿˡ
ǲ˵
±߳Ը糣ⲻ˵Ǽ˵㡣
ȴ£ʲôʱ򶼲硣
ǣ޵ףѡأ
⻰һ￩һвãæҪԲ
ǣѾˣ
ɥһڵ𣬡ȻʳԵ֮񷨣ףȻǡ
ԻʳΪѡ


ǰһڣһҡΣЩصҪ£
ҲǴ㶵е㷴Ӧ̫߶ˡ


ɫ죬ػ䣬ǣҲô𣿣
ڳʶصͷĬϣɫ̫ˡ
޻ûأ
һȻ޶ߡ


һ٣Ȼȴվڷ
㻹кλ˵ҲҪ̸
һӻһŴֵֽ
ޱϲص޶żҹյһٱ
˵
˵ʲôơ
˵٫˷ᡢӺƣܸıسʺ֮Ϊ
ţֻʱ£¶ᣡ



398 ӵĴѧ
౨ġ̫ʱˡ
ʱ˵٫ȡ˷ᵳı˽Ҫʺ֮ӣ
ôصѾơܵҪ˭ˣصǡ䱨
ĳǣ֪ΪΣͻȻһֱŪĸо
룬ʳӣġšͺƻ㾦֮ʣѽ귢һ鶼
޶һɵ˳ǰıñӿ۵ԴϣŪӺѡƲҲˡ
һžǲܼѡ
ٻ٫֮µĽͣҲûеֻ˴ʱ䡣ɵŴλķ롣
ǣơһ˭Ѿߴˣǻʳӣ
˵Ƿ䱨֮£ҲŸߴ˿ҪƵܡơ
˰죬ܡǷҪӵʺ֮ӻҪ˵Ҫӵ֮ӵġ
Ƕ˵ˣˣ
ʶؿֲ


ȻҲôˣ
˭

ڳعʱѲӰֻϴɤӸ߳˳
ٹľȻг巵Ψλǰһδ
ֻˣҡͷһֻ̫̾ļˣ
ļү
͵˫ĿԲɣＷһ֡
򣡡
򣡣

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ĿƽȻ֪ϻôһƲסû
£αضⲻ֮е𣿡׵ȻȰ
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ЩصҲҲðɣ
ߣһ˵̫磬ǵıһǣǣǼ˻Ļ󣬾βܵóʣ´Ρ
Ҳһԭ֪Ǽˣȴƫƫܰô
ȻΣ֣ǣȻɵ㲻
ЦŰο·ģһ
Ȼ˿вͨǾá򵥴ֱĺˡ
ֱ϶޷֮աЩܣԼȥɣ
һüͷôһ
ٺ١
Цǰϵˮһ衣
Ⱥȿˮ˳˳
һۣڣ˵ɣʲô
Цҿǡӣ

ӣ
зӵĺô˾˵飬ȴԺ޹˼ɡ
ڡ
Ų٫źӡ׿ܾӪļʮֹ
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ƨ㲱ʺˣҷ磡
ôѹСһ꣬ڶƷӻƷӣ
ϵĲܾҲ磬ڶ۲ܼôھ㣿
죡˵ȣԼҵܻܵеġ
¶ࣿһ֡
ܾһƲ죬ΪȻذ㲻ȥҲȥ
ȵҵģû
٫һۣĴͷ

ǿӲקӴ֮ϣĿ֮еһլ֮ǰ
ǰһˣŵһ£㣬Ҫ
λȥҲ
һЦɿ٫үгСүϿ˵

ɫһףӲỹүɣ

ȵһڶǰȿŵһ㡣
~
ӶǺðôһˡ
ܲһᣬƷӣ
Цˡһʲô鰡
㣡
һֹ̧֣סܲ
ؿãɹȻֶΣ
үȻȣ
һΪүͷأ

ǿѹŭǰһߣֻнǰˣҪӡǣɣƺûҪˣ
ȱͷү֣֮ҲϧˣүҪЩȤζˣ
ߣЦһɻᣬշ
ү棬Ļʲôգ
üͷ΢ɲһ塣
Ϸʮأһѱ赹ˣ
Ȳһ͹˰ɣ
𣿡
𣿡
ӵʳӣϷһϵûС
Դԣѽ
㣬ʲô˼
ǰ㣬ߣ
үˮ
ˮ
ûûʲô˼ͼ͵ĺһһӣָϿ
ҡң



399 
ңң
úһڶӻûӦӺͲܾѾ˳ȥ
ֻǰһһʹȻʲô֪ˡ
Ȼ󣬺ѾһӪı
ʱܲڳʵ˲ŷӦһǰ
ֻﻹס
ӭǵģһɭĲܾ
˸ӣҲܼңܾݺݵһȭ˹ȥڳӦ˳ȥ
ݺҸ磡ܲ˸۶ࡣ
үģ

ܾһһ߱õһڶӣмֵ꿪һ竵ơ
վԭûֱ죬㣡ˣ


ӴϾ£İ޲һƷҲû˭˰ϻҢؾͻˡ
ˣôģ
ĻŭЦɣǺ⣡
ȵôãҪյϢɣ
ɾͲִˣܼѷ
棡
ȵ۾ָõıӺȵӣ
˵꣬һ٫
ſңſң
٫еҪİ
ȲУԸӺͱңʹң

ſ٫һõûиҲûˣصضԲ٫Ǹܵȴһݣװ
ưͿԺʱʱ¶ˣ
һѡһɣ
٫һ㶣Һ˰죬ܼ治ܸҽ˰
ʺкι˼ɣ

Ҳһܰᵽ
һ
ˣ
٫һҧ㶵ɨۣץһ͵һࡣ
һ顣
ңң
٫״ħ

ȥټҡܴնģҲֻһЩ»ǰȤš
巵ټңҲһܶ
Уİ˷⣬ĪƷ٫ֵܾܣˡ
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ΪõļҴӣϷȻǳųҵ˵鳪Ҳץס͹ٵһӪ
⼸£ؼ𣬾Ϊƹ֪Ķͻһͭġ
˳Ĳôһ̹ӡȴ˿ɱȣػֵϳؼҴǸΪ
졣
˵麺̨һվ̨µк͹ǾͲԾش˾ĽҪ˵һζ
ӻȫС۾һת
˵һζ׷š
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أ
壬ˣ
ŶĻȻͷһΡΣ
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ҲУҲУҪʲô
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˵գһ潲ֻ˵ĺûҲô¶
ɼľͻڻ仰ͰѴ
̨ĪҪװɵ˵ƷŭǺε
˽ӵǣƷַˣɲ˵˵˵

ԣ˵˵Ӻĸԣ綶ȥˡ

ԣƲ죬ɨˡ
ʲô˵ģⲻǺͷʭӡŵ¶𣿡
ˣôˣ
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治֪
ӱĵ⺩ɵۣȥɱ˵Һ߻ӵͣǶˣ
٣𣬲ŭЦٲ˵ӰԴšҹ
һ֣УۼҾ͸˵˵ԺҲıѶ꣬ۼ˵飬ʶ
ˣۼҰǰǴһʲôˡ
˵ǰһΣֲ߼ܺӺƵƼҵļҲƴŪѡ¶ܸ֪ɣ
֪
ӺƵķһܼҽڰӻ¸ţɢƹ¶Ҳ֪ɣ
֪
Ҳ˵ڰǲģ¸ûô¶˵ȵˣ٫Ҳˣ˭Ӱ󣿡
˭
۾һȻǵʺϣԼµ

һ㶣Ĺˣô
ܻʺ̵ȻǲܼңƷӺͲܼҹУҪԸܻʺ󣬱һһ俿ɽƷ֣֮ǲ٫
һˣּΪɶҪԸܻʺ֪𣿡
֪
ǲܻʺʲô֪𣿡
֪
һ̾ʲô֪ôڶͷİ
ЦϽ˵ӣ˺죡
аɣۼۣ˵˵
ֻ˵Ǿȫˣһࡣ
һܼ裬βѹ֮ʱµ֮
ڶ֮ʵӵĵڶ죬˳Ҫټ
𣿡

̨һĬ
͵˽еѵ⵹ơңΪ˶ᡭ
ඣ߻һλ͹ٻϵСŵ㣬Ǯҵģ
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ǡɵǣʹơ¶˸ͷʲôϵ
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ͷ쳯ʳΪתƷӺͲֵܼܲȥҼֲļңҲȥҷļңȴһŭ֮°ˣ⻹벻ף
ƷҰ˵ǣ٫ܹǶôصһĳಲŭ˵ɣжġ
Թ




400 ֻأӦˬ
ɱģ
ȱڷ裬ʵΪ֮٣û˭һֶûˡ
ҵƬ߲ȫңѱӦһϵûе飬һϡ

˿ֵܼܣҼҷʣƫƫʢŭ֮°ǵϿˣѰζĶɾͶȥˡ
ǻҪġˡָԽ򣬸Ҫ˵ɿ
ǣȴǲá
Ҷӹˣ٫ˣ˵ĳԹһ
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Ǻǣ֮ǰ벻˭Ҫѻʳϴλһͬ張ˣģڣͶѾ˴𰸡
Щ¿԰ıҲû˹㡣
ǣȴܰᵽ̨Ϊ

ŪĸоȻҪͷβһ䷢׮׮
һº̫ƽɳв̫ƽ
޶λ๫˸顣
ӺƳǮΪΪȴøѣܾƽ£Ҳǰ
ԭһеԴͷһλˣƶһеףΪ΢
ǣ̬׷תˣ

λѹʮĻһȫ˳
糯֮ϣֱ¿ʳաԣӦԽɽΪأҪ»֮򲻿ա
һڳǸ飬в˳ǵķ飬֮һ˸߹һˡ
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ǳĬΨǽеõĻǰɣᣬģ

⼸λȴҲ㲻ˣƽһƵ˷˼⡣
˵ƴڣ飬Ѿ
桢һ࣬վˣԹ˭
ڼֲѾʲôνˡ
سĩһ㣬˵;٣涨ϼҵļּһҵҲȸ䣬Ұɢ
С̫С˼ˣҪΪ¶ųˡ
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ɲʲôףҲ˼ʲô棬ֱӳڣ
֮ϣɫ
ϿΪף˼϶ڷȣȴԱĸΪɣȻҷӵĲְרΪҲ

Ĵָϰţƣʲô˵ʲôҸɰ
Ĳ
Ҫǲ˵һ֤ûĳ·ˡ
Щò֤ݣ磬ӵ
ǣЩ¶Ҳ֤ݣ磬ˮ
þùܼҲù
ֻأӦˬڣֵˡ
ô죿
ô죿
ô춼ˣ
ȱһĻҪǲùȥôܾʹ˽ҹ

ô죿ô찡
ʰ˺ü죬ǲǽ塣
ʱܲѾŴת
ɱƷӣû뵽ôһ֣
~~
ʵȻһ̾˵ǷӲǣαҪȻҲд˾档
ɣһŭȣֻתЩιȥ
µ񣬸Ҫס

ʵŭһǣ̲ס²ۣ
ǧ㣬ǵ͹Ƿӡ
ΪȥǮ󻼾ˡ뵽ʹ޲һȻǷʤֶΣ
ڳ޺޽ӵӣԵķӰ
˭뵽ַǳֶΣЩ¶ǼҳϹϵ
ôһ֣νǿ쵶ն顣֤ݣٶֶΣùúʲôֶΡ
ֻһ£ͳױ¶ǰеġûģõϡ
Ժ˵λ֮Ҫ㣬ǧˡ
ʹر˫ĿһȺĶ
·һ㣬̾˵Щкã
ʵǸ˵һӦúӦ԰
Ҫܲ۹⾫һҪѱ
У
ûܲ˵꣬þȻϡ
˾ѰܣٶֶҲȻˣ
Ȼһ̾ܣǰˣүǡ
˵꣬ĺ¹ڣ
ʵȥ
ݣ
䣡


401 Ӣ۳ĺ
ųصĲӳ̧ĹˣӴİնͶĿ⡣
òȻһЦһԱ֮ʩ
ӺƵĻҵǷӾֶͬΣʮĴĻǡ
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405 
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407 
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408 θ׼
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409 ֮
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Ҫǣÿˮƫֶ֣бΪȻ֮ߣǱ
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Ϊ뽫ŻԽ죬Դξ˽ҲԽԽҶˡ
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410 Ϊ˿
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֮ǰȰѰ֮вƳԲⲻһͭĵľһдҵı
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Ψһİ취ǣ⡣



411 Увеͨ
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ҲǣڵĴݻںһ
ڵλöס˴Щطʺԣ֮ͨǰġ˿֮·ǼΪҪˡ
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·;ңԶ䲻㣬ԲıԴǮĵҪȣԵþͲôͻˡ

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Ȼһ͵øУҲһ߰ʱ飬úõһ顣
ϸϸһʱ⣬һ˶ɵȴûʲôչ
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412 ̫ܵ
Ҫһ£ܹ⿴веͨ䵽ʵȴǷ涼Ҫǵġ
εʿǣûһʡ͵ĵƣѵͲ֪ޣ֮ףȻս
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һˣùڷѣɵһͶˣģʵ뻯ĸ顣
ȻţҲûƣʦ;붯ҲиʯҪǣʧˡ
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Ҳ֪߹ʱ޶֪࣬߹ʣÿһ״˵Ļġ
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413 ǹ֮Ը
뷨ܺãֵһԣȴʱ򡣡
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414 
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룬ûӣֲ

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415 Ɵe
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416 ȵ
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418 뵳У
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423 װ
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˵߸һȺѡȥɣȻ澡
üһһվǼݴεĹӸ硣
ȷƫͷԵȷģ


424 
νûë²Σ⼸ͨٴڲ֪ȵϸ֮ǰҲﻭ
ؼǣƱڴϵɣҲ¶˰

ˮͷ˰´ӭ
Ƕ˳ȥѲʹϹϾʩһ񣬡๫ˣ
ִٵػ񣬡ӣӺƿˡ
һгٻ׶ŵ
ҲˣҲû֮ǰôʽˡٺЦŶԵղβȥ˼ء
һôСӻл
ǰ˼輧µʱֵ÷зðһ˸Բȥˡ
û뵽СӾЦ
ЦСӣһҲûΪӹǸѧģԽԽûӡ
ȻصСӾǷᣬͷúʰ
ԹһЦҲǵ⡣
οɵ٣ǽֵܣȴĸݣҲٶ
ЦգͻȻһ࣬˵ġ
βܷԸǡ
Ϊӹ˾ͽˣɶչˣŵʲô鷳
ĵȻǲĶӳôԶŶһȥĻ֮ء
ȻͷοһۣعͷЦԵҲסҪȥˣʡøҡ
ĪҪƶ죡
״Ԫʲô˵ʲô˵Ҳ·᲻٣شߴٵ·ȥɣĪʱ
һ֣ġ
˵ţת๫ϴɡ
һһ֮·֪һĽ̸֮УҪϴ㶵صͷԹֻ
أȥҲ

˴Ҳɣ۴밶˳ϣ뾩ȥ
ǰ׳ĴСӣҹһӶûУڲģǾеʴӡ
һ
ȵںĴϡ
ȻȥһĽװ
Ҳеֲ׵ĵطѲ죬ӺȥʲôĿģҲôһĽɣ

Ҳ죬Ҳ֪ôλ˴๫ЪϢ
ͬοͬ˰̳Ӻþƣǰװһһ߳Ծƣһذ⡣
ڿ϶ΣǴһ·뾩ģԣҲȥ
´ůũæ֮ũæɼũĴΰա
еũӱ߼ˮмҴ˳Ӷϣפ
λҲɸпĴˮŹȥ꣬ȴһ㶼ֵˡ
ȷʵ
ʮȥũǵľȫްήңĴũҲǽλơһǸոû·
οۺҵİգ¼ԡԿ͵İգһܵסչӵأ
ǵǡԺ˵·ռ˾ʦָ֮죬ǣӱ·Ҳ󡣾˵ʮݵֵأҲѾָԪһƬϵʢأ
۴εĳ͢б°ο̾
İǡ๫๫ȼλ๫ǲܳŲշתȴΪ˴ȻҲֻ⾰ͰٷϾˡش

ͬصͷعһڣٵĴΣΪ֮ĴΡ
Ҫ˵ȴһ
͢ٺãҲҪ¹СӺ֮㳯֮㱾£Ҳûôͣüʱ⣬εġ
šȴ֪ʲôʱ˲֣վڼ
æ๫ˣ
һЦϷ˵ʵȷް㹧ά֮⡣
Ҫȵ꼰ʱʡľ֣ʮݸҲôƽȵضȹѵʱڣ⼸꼫ﳯ͢Ʋ岩ҲûôǮѴѵط
ﲻò˵ζ԰գ԰գû˵
͢⼸ѲܵбǮӲģǮݷᣬؽ԰ǳ˰أţ֮ţջָ
ÿ߲෢ڵҩʯѣҲڣɳ͢ҽҩѸҽ
Ҫ֪ǿʮݰ
֪ڲԣ£ôôһʿġ
ҪӺƾĽ͢ģҲԣ·ӱ·İԵúллɲǣ
˵ȶе㲻˼ˣⶼӦӦֵġ˭Ҳ۳۴ηѲǣ
ҡͷһЦ򰶱ߵũۿֵģȻǴڵġ
硭
磬ѹȥһҡ
Цˣûнӻ
Ȼ֪ЦʲôǣԼ֪
ôĲȱڣ˭õۿ֡Ϊ˵ǵƸŵСεĺķǰ˭Ϊ
Ǽˣ
Ǽ˾Ҳô̯ӲС


425 Ӻɵ
ţˮ۵һٶʮ
˴˴ˮһ֮ǰˮ̣ˮƱüҲ̳£Ǻǳ̲
ޱȣȴԽԽǳǲųݵɳޡ̲Ϳ
οָϾҪ׵ĺϾ߲˴ˣˮˮ߷ɳѻɳ嵽ˮ֮УﵽڣˮεĻƺӺӿڣǳ̲
ȵͷͨͨͨľǴڵţˮϸƺˮ
ˮ߶ΣǺϸǶλøأ
һǻƺˮӣˮ󣬵ºɳںӿٻ
ϸǱߣ߸ӵء
Ǳ߱ˮƺӣˮĵƸߣƺƵͣɳ֮
ǣλԭɳ˳Ӷ£ںиʼƷŻٻʹƺӺӵһһߣγɵӡ
һˮ飬ˮҪ࣬ٻ֢Ϊء

û´˾ͼͷѾˡ
пȴ壬ȾȲϰοҲǺһϣֱ졣
ô˵ҲϵѲʹܸܲӣ
ǣĻط꣬УѾȳȥˡ
Уþδˣ
ϵģС
һȣҲ˷ܵӭ
˵ǽᵽȻҲˣ
οϣǰ´аɹıӶ̿
һЦοһȭ
ڹϷ紵ɹģԺ̹
һ²ۣƲ˰ɣǲ֪ԺʲôҪ
Цҡͷͦã
ͨͨĹһͳפ˹֮ϡû취ȷֻܰ񽻸
λǴ߶˵ļ˲ţټȺüѬաѾͨ޺֮ҪԱ
˾ܺٸȣĶһǰ㡣

һ뿪ͷһߵߵٽ̵Ļ𣿡
ţˡͷˮе˻òϰߣϼӶҲûʲôˡ
еĲ̣Ϊͨ飬ڹһסһࡣ
ʱ򣬳ٺ۶żٻȥˣûءڹϣһƣһоʩͼ
ϽԺɣһҲûˡ
ԣЦҡͷ
һƣҿ˰ɡ
𰡣ȲɡҰӼȥŵϵô¶
Ҳû뽻
ҲԺǶһȺʲôڡҵˮƽ㻹㣬ô
ȺٺһЦû¶ÿأ
ִӾ׿ӹһᣬһɣͷԻܲ
һ٣չһĿɿڴ
һǩҲǻʵⶨǩʥּ
ͨͨеĹضˣٰ˾ˮʷӰƷְΡ

ҲǾᣬֱֿ졣
ǿǹټּôȥģ
׵Ļں棬꣬һɣһӣֻصȻ
Ҫ

ˣصʲôѧʲôˣȾǸ࣬Ҳûһġ
Ҫ
޵֪֪ζʲô
ҪĲˮʷй٣Ҫǹ
ξٿΪ˷ֹйףй;λľӷֿΪԡ򡰱ͷԡ
ǣҲֻǸˡʵϣǸйоλľӿһŶͷԵʱȹԺԸߵööࡣ
˵ˮƽ̫ݣС
ҪǣܽӦʿģǹٻ֮󣬾оλĹ壬ٵ÷ŵˮ˼һͬŵ档
˵ӺƱ¹ģҪһ֮ȱǣҪ
أȲӹСˣ
ЦСйϵҪǣڶԵûȤ

ˣжԵûȤģ
ȴȺˣҾͻعɰЩʲôѧǡѹʲôģúõؽ̸ҾˡЩ͹ĥһˣĻй򵱹٣
ԣһסļ

ٶѧʵмֵ
㵱βȱٶģǣȱѧҡ׼ȷ˵¼ǧ궼ȱѧң
ֵܣ㶮ңģҲֵܣÿ²ְǮ
֪ȲȱǮҲƴǣ⻹࣡

ãȥˣȥȥ
λһӼһɵӡ
ɵԸ٣ҲҪŷӸɣӸǻǮɵоЩɼ
ļֵڱʵǿ



426 ʵ
˸ͷӪѹû´
ԭƻֻߵţ֮Ҫת½·һ·ϡ
ǣҪͣ죬ͨ˵ĺӶοһԾýʿڴϴˣϵʱ´Ҳ١

룬Ȱ๫Ź䣬ЩȥתתǣҲʽǧĴ󹤳̵ʲôǣͷҪš
ҲʶһҲãʡЩٶ׵ô¶֪ڳϹ¡

ͨ޵ǺӣʵǺع̣ȫˮҵΪʵԭĺӵ߶ϣһ˺ӡ
һأɵˡ
⡢⣬ӺŪˮࣿ
ӵǴסڵķ޵ģԣվλѾ깤ĺӵȥʮɿĺӵɡ
𺳵ģǺӵ̣һˮĴʯӻ
ͷĺӰͺһʯڴһ㣬žֹĸо
ȿⱾӦóγĴ̣Ҳĳһ󼤵
ǴԽĺˣ黳Ĵˣеǹ˷ܡ
УҲгɾ͸С
Ͼô꣬ȻȥǣüţĶܾˡ
ܶȤζ룺
õǧ֮ѾڳΨһ֤ģ̡ܾ
֪֮˿ǧǰĴξĹˮƽʲô룿
๫ô
ͷ֮֮
ͨԴζʲôһͨϱʷʫ㹤̣ȼ̵ĺӵ̹֮ʲô
ֻһӣӺƵΪҴιѫ֮
һЦеȻǷȴѫҵֻҪٸСʹЩӣȾոˡ
һ֪˵ͺĲʡڣҲгڸȰͨǮ·Ĺߡ
˵ģϷһ˭ģ˵ۣ
ȴЦǾ๫ˡ
Ӻƣⳤһʯ֮һ֮ѨôŪģ
ӵ๫𼱣ʹȥ
˵꣬ӵϡͣһмƥͷ
Ϊ֪Ҫţֻ׼һǸɸԤġ
û취ֻɸͬһȡοֱ
ӵĿǰѾĲ֣вʮӣԣҪֳʩ͵غ϶ʮС
źӵһ·ǰУ棬ӳĸо֪̲һĽʵ
̲סƿĺӵ̣ͺôҲһ㡣
ͨǰޣ̫̫µһǨʣʵγﶼ˺Ӹòޡ
ǣ˭뵽һһӵĴ£һ˰أ
޵Ĵ˺ӣٿ緢ӺƣĵºͬŶƳ籸Ҳûе
룬Ͽ˴γڽȱʧĶʵɣ
һϸʵµˣ̡ҲȱһʵɼҰɣ
㿴һ̶ӣŷӣջ񡣼ͬСЩִ٣ڳһĴɡ
ʲôѽ
ɸһ㶣û뵽๫˵
ңҽ
ĺҲֻȺ;׿û˵ʱ򣬲Żɸ磬߹
ͷӺƵŮ
ǣǡ
ЦˣţϷֲˡֻгȤ졣
ʶ𣿡
ʶá
ʶö٣
ɱϡ
Ŷе㲻ˡ
ϡǧ࣬ע⣬ȫʮ֡
Ů˵ܱ
Ҫ֪ǿϽʿĹҲֻϰԡϵľ棩մϡġ
ϷҪˡ

˻֪ڳ׵õй⽹ۡ
˱̤ġ
ʲôûУʲôõҵġ
УҲ
һܲ취ѹƵ׼ͷپһ㣿ڲһҪüƽֵܵõһ׼̫鷳ˡ
һûж˵һ
ѹƱҲרƵģ仯ѹ͸ű䣬ѹƶҲͲһԣֻñжȡüƽ
پһ㣬ûܣǣҲò
ڶǣȱˣó͢
ԣüͷһ塣
ȱˣ͢ʮ򰡣
һƲ죬ʮȥϿҶϣҲͷ



427 Ϊ״Ԫ
͢ȻͨûһжҲʮֻģôֻأ
Ҫ֪Ϊ̣͢ķԲ˵˵Ҫ˸ˣҪ߸ߣܱ߼·طȫϣһɳͨ衣
ңۣһּʮ
ʱµ򲻹Ӿӱ·Զ޺ӡ
ּ͢٣ʵϣ˾··һһˣԶ֮

ôܣһĺȻ
·ӱ·ɱȾ·Ķ࣬˿Ҳöֻ࣬һˣ
˭ôĵӣ⣬ⲻǿּ𣿡
һ̯֣ʲˣҲ档һ°ָͣϷϲһλ๫ɡ
һ㶣ǿѹھǰһʵĳ嶯Ͼܸͨߣ깤һ꣬һá

һ·ǰжʮӵɸոյĿˣ𽥿ʼ˶ԶҲԼдĺӹںҵ
ڹرԵͣȻûͼ˾ˮԱɣѾӭ
ӭĵȻλ๫
˳ĵһ¶ǿ޺ӣҲǽӼ͢٣һ㤵ؿȣĶôѾͷ
һ㶣Ҫ¶׵һߡ
أ๫
֪ⴺڳеû¶ɣ˿ɸ硣һҪûͷԼˡ
ҪǰǸòɵСΪڡʫʾյĲӡ
̸ϣֻͷһ۶ڳûɸ硣ŮжΪ״Ԫ
Ǻǡ
εظЦһôɸܿ״ԪȴʮġĶ˵ȥ
๫Ҫô𣿡
æ⣬һ飬ͷۡ
ŶŶ̡
ŷ֣һʱ棬Щʧ̬ˡ
ʱˮԱѾӭλٵˣһϳ๫ɡæӭ¹ⰲݼ๫
һУؾϷѲֻ·⿴
ȴֱǱϹϾӡ
๫źӹ֮أ֮ңͨӴҵ֮Ҳ
֪ЩطСҲһس٣⻼ûʧǻǾʹϷϵһۡ
๫룡ɹӣС
Ҳ飬Ȼ֮
ⰲſȼˣոǿУͷλ๫̸ЦӦͷС
⼸λǡ
û˵οӵù˭ȥ๫ǡ
ⰲһ㶣˵˵
ܿοʲôݣֵطСˡ
ˮǰⰲͱˣ๫ǡ
ܹٴСô˵ҲǾٶ⼸λĴô᲻֪
ⰲߣοһȼüëΪ״ԪŶ
˵꣬Ƶĸ뼸Ա󣬿ȥˡ
һߣҲ߹ѧ״ԪŶ
գˡ
ȴƽҿȥˡ

ٺ٣ƽЦܿ
ôŹκһȵĻ᣿

ʱ
ǰⰲк棬һߣһСˣǼ˭
ˮһЦ˭ҿﲻġ
ⰲһ̽ף
ҡͷ׵ð죬ͷǼûУ
ţˡ
ǵĸһǴζĴװˣ
˻ⰲһǱȻ׻ô򷢡
ǣǴͷ˭
ͷ󣡡
Ʒ𣿡

Ҳ˵ôԶƷӾȻš
ֻ˵ǰӵ֮Ϲĳ棬ڳ๫Щš
˵ӵֻǺӰ̵ĳ棬𺳰ˡ
ǰϰ취޺ӣֻӵƽۣٽӵʯ͵ںӵ̣𵽹̵̸áµͨȴȫô¶
ӵڵӵ̵ĵطڵĸ
ҲǺڵ̰˵֮⣬ںһӡ
ĺӵ̣֮Ⱥʵٻʯˮмݵӵƽ룬Ϊӻ
Ȼڰľ彨ģûһΡ
̲ס⡭Ҫǽ֮󣬵ọ̈
еߣټһ㡣


428 ȱ
˵ټһ㣬ǰĲᡣ
ܼ̣
ȵͷ
ȫӹ̺ӵ̣ɱʵ̫ߣңҲܲôĿԣֻõķ棬ڼ̶̳ȷ棬Ǵۿۡ
æҡͷӺƣĪҪڿ͹˰
ˮ˵Ҳֻһ˺ӣǻƺӡˮĴӡ޵һѾ㹻ˡ
ٴӵ̹أ̾ˮһΡˮһΣҪǧᡣԭ䶼ΪӺЩˣõôǮأһǧ򣬰ѻƺӴͷ޵βˣοôһ˺ӣڿ
ⰲֱէ࣬ȵıֱԺλƷӰ
ǧ޺ӣγλүҲû˭ˡ

ף
ǰȻ˵ע⡣
һֵ󣬺񡭡
ӵϵùӵùҪ࣬ҶĲһǰ
޺Ĺ̲ǾôӰùȺﻹƵģ
ЦҲû취顣
ʹ˸ɫǰ๫ǰһ۱֪
˵꣬µڽһκӻ
ȷ֮ǰжϣԱȺ˶ࡣ
һָǰ๫ҿ
ϸֻӻʯŶСཬ
ˣǰһ߰ɳľһͷ½õĻУ׳ǣСһͷǶʮֳֶ̹û񣬷졣
ǡ
Ȼֵһ
Ƚ͵ǧ̻֮һѨˮʯȷʵʵҲĲ֮
Ǿǣͻһʯ֮ݺʯϲʵ⣬ԣֻܻ𶯵İ취ɳʯ֮ʵ
ʵںӵһһʵҲнˡ
ЩԹص͢Ϊ˾͹޺ˣʵȻ๫⹤˶ˣǣʵֻˡ
ںһֳһ̨𶯻͸㶨飬ŵȴֻʮȱټ޵̵ùʵùǴγ޺ӵࡣ

ɫ磬깤أȵûзţţͽһׯһһ㸻ԣĵ֮ס
ȥׯ·ϣûũҰ֮䡣
ţȻϷҪӺⲻˡ
һ๫˵ﻰ
һۣһЦոڵϣȻﻰԹô
Ӻƣݸ޺ӵ飬Ϸ뺫ɹһͬģûȷʵϷʧְ
ȳһµ²๫͢طۣǵطٵ⡣
͢ȷʵмܲΣǣô˵ҲٵϳһʮͷСϴҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ǣҡͷֵطϷΡ

ӺƲ֪
ȴϵӺԵùֵģ๫ͬʦʦһһɰɡ
áЦˡ
˽ӴˣСӲûбǰ
ͽдɡ
ɲ֪͢طô¶ҪһǧҪһⶼõˡ
ôطݸҿּɣ
Цǵǣֻ³򡣡
ʲô򣿡
𣬷˵һͷ
ȥ꣬ڹСסϷ˵ɵһס֮ۡ
Ȼ֪ôͻȻյˣǫ๫ʦСӹĴǶǰСӻǸ޵ʱ˵ķ軰档
ûаЦϷһѪ
رǹؼ沢ۡ
һ๫˼ǣ
ֶУ˵ûŹ֮ԻܣҰܵǰ㳹ף׻Ƕ̫˵档ЩУԱΪء
˵⣬һЦ濪˵ϷҲڷ֮С
ȵ£๫α᣿
ֳǣµͬ磬Щƫ⡣
µѾȥµ󱲶˹ԺʲôǻĳԹ
ãᣬ˵
һ˵Ҳܶԣ֮ԼΪҡЩ˵ĸĸԵؼ沢
͵ĶסǶһˣֻһᣬһһ¾Ͷˡ
๫˵뱱ݵؼ沢йأ



429 
һؼ沢̾ͨ˳͢Ϊѡ
๫˵뱱ݵؼ沢йأ
һЦǴˣ
ûȷйء
Ŀǰ򸻻£ȷʵʮأΪصģǱݡ
ũ𣬻ǮĸءӡŴΪԣӱ·沢Ϊأвũʮ
ټϣιְѧڱʹҪôΪҪôҡ
ԣ𿴱ش󣬵΁йλ಻ۣ۵İԣ֮١
˵һЦۣ͢Ҳ֪ûôඡ׳ɳֻÿ֣ǧ˵һ򡣶ģֻǧ
ɵʣµأ
ƾ£طҪ͢һӣĿݸҳ嶡
ƾͣ
˵е㳶βʵң͢Ҳҵġ
ֵû취ڵǰķ⣬ǣĴǴεӡǮӣ͢Ҳǿǿ
ʦҲΪһľűϳõ𣿡
ȿҲ̫ٵ˰ɣ͢Ҫʮ򣬾򣬻Ǿ·ۡҲ˵ݾͳһ׳
ǰܸһأأʮ֮һʹˣ
˵ϷҪǸ
̹Ȼ뺫ɹ翼ǵĻǲȫΪľҪ򣬾·Ľڶش٣򣬼һˣҲ޺ˡ
ȴǳˮ
һĬβŵǳˮѾӱϴ˸飬ʹвũƲòѺ帻Ȼˡ
ûͷϷһ㣬֮һ೯𵴣ش١
ⲻ๫üͷչ
˵ףء
صⵥóڵĩ˰ɶũ壬ʹũ˰Ʋ
ٸӣͳ˿ڣȫڼǧ򻧣ǧƽÿˡ
ô˽⣬ξֹǧ˿ڣҪٷһҲ˵ǧġ
ȥˣýźҲ֪֮ˡ
ڴ˰ҲûõĩϺܶࡣ
ɫƣΪΪɷģͨ͢ö㲻㣬һϷдŻؾ£׳
ǿһ˿Ц⣬๫ˣ
Զ࣬Ŵӣóˣ

ũլǼªҲû˼𡣽һڶȻַͬͨǰ߿
ø˵Ҳû˼ˡ
úڹϴ죬ӹ֮ʲôҪ͢æģһֱ۵ӡ󣬺һϱ
޲ɣȥ죬ʱҲĲˡ
ɸߣοһͬ·Ż
ʱ߸СǽһǱһãˮ
ֱֹȥӣôŪģ
ο˰ϵĻ࣬Һûȥ⼸ǶҰˣ
ɲҰأֲߴ·ˮһ·ϡ
ô꣬ƺӽģ꼰ˮһκӵٻ߲Ź֣
ЦҲתȣˣ
ţˡ
ʲôҪϷϱģ
ȸмп⼫׼Ŀǰûʲô⡣
ͷǾͺãЪ죬Ǿ·ɡ
ҡͷЪͲˣ·
ȵ˵˵ۻ治ʲô

ڶ죬ȹȻݣǱӪϣȡϣֱӱ·̫ԭȥ
̫ԭӵͼϿλڿϷȵ򱱹˻ƺӣ죬ȡ廯Ȼ󷭹̫ɽͽ˺ɽڡ
ٹݣ¡¡ʤ磬ֱϹͣ
һ·Ѿʮ죬ϸ첲ϽţͿɢˡ
սƻ裬Ϲͣ£ȥ³
ҲǣֻǼС͵ˣģϢһ죬첻ˣ
ɫҰףһۣҿϷְŰɣ
ȺٺһЦû˵
е㰭¶Ҫûǲõʮ죿
˦ȵ֣𿪣Ϸ
ӦĵͷƢС
˹Ҳûƶ졣
ͽ̫ԭؽ磬ͽǡôģ
ȳһ£š
ԽעԽãӲǣȥʮ׳ġֺõģֱȥݣ취Խͷ̫ԭȥݣ׼ɣ
ͨ
˵꣬һ죬ͷһȴ๫ֱԵ˵ϡ
ʱԴըġ
СҪɣһɣ



430 ûеߵķ
֮ǰķйӺƵӣܡ
һأһ󵨡
һģӺƴ˺пġϾ岩ηѾһʱˣֻһֱֻ˵˵ȴٳû䵽ʵڵȴһ
ȴܾܿΪĿġ
һģҲ׼ǹټҪȥڲҪȻûҪһ׾ǧ̫ܵԭһѹġ
ǣ๫û뵽Ҫɣ
Ѿͱˣ졣
̫ƽӹšˣ
ˣ
ͨʹ̣һδξ룬ʮǰ顣
һȴɾǾζšս
ս

ǿţһ˵׼ɡ֣һԵ˵ϡ
Ȼͷһ޲óԼͣôλء
һͬϽǰ๫СЩ
Сĸƨ
ڵϣָȣ㣬Ҫɣ
ɫһ䣬˲Ρ
๫ʲôЦɣôܡ
ող˵ҪɣҪŽɡ
һۣ๫˰ɣ
ˣ
һˡ񸽺͡
¶򲻵ѵ֪
ɾŰ֮ô
Ϸû
еɻûϺͿĵزո˵Ҫɡ
ûУֻ˵Ϲ
Ҳ룬˵һʮᣬɵܸʲô˵ˣСӾٷ裬ҲûùҰΣĵزɣ
һ侻ҲǰȾҰҲûɵ˵ĵͷȥҰɣ
ˣܰɣΪ¶˵ͨ
ûУ
ûУ
ͬص
ɰ
еģһȰһĳصۿɲ֮伸ʮ̫ƽϷ

Ⱦ๫ģСûҪɡ

ͽݣ񰵰Ц˵Ҳסġ
Ȱһۣȥ˵ԣ㿴
ĳɲģҪ֪Ҫɣ
㲻һɣǻʵ׿ϣҲǰ׷ϡԼһһ϶һ¶ǴģǾ˭Ҳ˵ˡ
˵ȣ꣬ʦҪ˵ʳ;ʳ
ɹؼǣܶ飬ܺ˵ǣ̫ˡ
Ҫ¶ʦûм֪ԶǴӶõһŶ

һҹ޻ڶһ磬𴲣ڴضϷ˰ܾúٵʲô
⣬ĥ˰죬Ķԡ
Ѿˣô׿źϴ
ðɣѾ׿߻ˣżһ첻ϴˡ
ƶŶ뿴ڸ
һŶȾסˡ
ֻ⣬һѶյǶһſڶȳȥҲ
̧ͷһ۱ľ׿ֿ
๫ǣ
ʡ
ˡ
ߣ
Цһᣬͷӻ

ҹϷϸϸһһҹû˯

Ȳ²ۣû˯Ǳðɣ
ϷǾûԡ
ȿɥһɲԤС
СҲϡԣΪһӽ쿪ʼϷҪ㣡
Ҳôɣ

ȷʵЩĵƤ̧ػ˵ǣϷãǱһĺáΪ
Ϊʲô
ΪָȵıӡǸûеߵķӣ

ˡ
ʵҲȸɾǣǲһ򣬾һڲ£һӦһ̤ɱ߽磬ǻһʲô
ԣãǿŵɣһ¶ҲѲ˸ϵسǧˡ

ô죿
ųԷĹ⾰ο񿿵ǰ
Ʋһ۲Զɸŵͷꡣ
ô죡һһɣ
С
̫ԭ¾ˡ

Ϲһ죬ڶӼ·֮󣬾͵̫ԭ϶ʮĵط
ۼ͵̫ԭˣҲ˿֪Ĺᵽ̫ԭ֮һᡣʱϳɳصЩСĺְɣ
ţͼٵϣʿڴͷģǸʮС
֣ͼдͣȻһӭȥ
ܣ
磡
ͷԱСͬʱ
С׵ܵ


431 
Ĺ㹲ӣ
ϴѾʮ꣬ھϵĲһ㡣ǣĹɴж˾ְҪڹ⣬ҲҶԹӳ̶ȡ
϶Բ˵ξһȽȽǡʤ丸мķɡ
ǰλֻֽʮ꣬ᣬĹͰԽ̵
ֻʮ꣬Ͳ٫ĶӲ󣬻ھеƤ
ֵܣǣȥĹӹϻؾͣص־ֵҲǿһûˡ
磬ȸʰ
šȻ֮СӣˣҲˣ
ٺЦš
ûĹ㣬ʵ״أ
׻û̫ԭ磬һӭ磡
ͷֵ֪١
źˣ
ţźˡѾ̫ԭĽӪкϷԲʮﲻѲ顣
ҵںδӪ
һָһɽ꣬ʺϲر
Ϊ˲𲻱Ҫ鷳Ӫӹ̫ɽʼ;ܿؾϾһӪҪɵģԽ֪Խá

ûô¶ͷִ˹ٵȥ
ͷе㲻ԣǿȣôǣ
ȿ๫ģûڳ죬һٽǲ١
ɵؿȰ죬ڷȣ͸Ƶġ

ɽӪȰοǼ۵һ
οʵأҪǣ
ȵͷûȥס

ǣ˻û߳Ӫأͱסˡ
ȥ
ԺЩḯ峼Ͼ
ǡ
ͷһüͷҪ𣿡
Цȥתת
ϷҲȥ
Ȱȥѽ
ˣ۾˼֡
·ϣȺμҡӼҵǼСֹû϶ûʲô¶
һ˵ӣǰס๫˲ǣ
һ˵һӪߡ
Ǽǿ۽硣ܣ磬һˣ
һҲǣԼˡǣֲϷ۾һǿ˵׼
ȵϰĲ̫أ
һۣ̾ɰϷģϷ֪±Ҳ顣µиߣ𣿡
ס͡
ͷ˼ǣ磬簮˭˭˭Ҳʹ
ϾӪﰲĴţֻ̫ԭη·ܵСȥ˽Ǹʲô̶Ȱɣ
һ٣¹Ȼôεģ
ǵȻȿûѡ
ֻ²٣ȴ̫ԭ
ǡԥˡ
ĻɿڣгɣСȥ˰ϴþƣ
˵꣬һ̶ľûӰˡ

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񲻽²ۣҲ湻Եģͷ͸СƵġ
Ʋ㶮ƨССܶı£ͼܲסСĥ
Ҫôңȶ㻹أ
񲻸ˡҵȻǺף

һ·˵Цʱ͵̫ԭǡ
̫ԭλçç̫ɽɽ֮䣬һᴩɽϱĶشͨ¤ɵأֱ֮ȥǷַĵĻƽԭ
Ϊ̫ԭǱ̻֮أҪľҪ֮һ
Դ򷭹̫ɽȵһ·۽ã֮ͬԭĽ彭ɽ˼ֹ֮С·أ˿ڣǷʢ̶ȣԭݻûȵġ
ǣ̫ԭȴͬ
ɸߵΡǽΧһ޳ǣׯϡУУ֯
ο棬ǲ̫һ
̫ԭֵö࣬ǣȴ㱼š
ûǱţ
һǣеķѾӡ˵Դˡ
ųɾŶǺˣżװӣҲǴʹݵɱϽй䡣
˲٣ͷƤ۵װҲ١ģǵˡ
۵ĸ߲ˡ
̫ԭǾһӻ⣬ֵߵĵ̶ǸɫһͲǺƽ
Сʱ淶͵Ǿ򣬵ǴǼʮûս£ĵҲ˾·Ǳߡԣڵ̫ԭγĬҵɢˣ߲ںҲ˻ͨޡ
ԴҲôӰɣ
ЦϹ˵ʲôӲӣĻǰա䲻ұͬ壬ȴҲɡ


432 ζ
Ԩֶ֮ԼóҲԘسΪ϶Ͼ֮ĵҲ̫ࡣ
ǣҲ룬ǿʢ۹֮䣬ֻݻôյ̻
ԣٷȻǣ˽͵Ȼ޷׶Ͼġ
ڵ˵Ƕװ
ΡɡƺγĬһ㣬ںӱ·۱ţȴߵĴɾʹκӶ·ڷ
֮䣬˾·սϵͬʱڶĴκӶ·Ҳн
һҲΪʮȫ̫ԭĴڡ
񱾾еһ壬ټɵصǼˡǼ˽ΪҵѴεĲ衢˿աʮδϡ
ĵΡţ򣬴ɵţɽҲǴ裬ʹ̫ԭ߶ںϡ
˵ˡɵغڴ˽˼ʮ꣬еҲڴζӡγ̫ԭڵĸ֡
ȵУڽֵߵУܿܶڿⶼҲ
磬ɵӡɽҡɽҰЩݻ϶ǼΪ֣˸ڴΣɼ
ڴ˴·ƽһ޶
ܵתһȦﲻдɡĵزݻơɫɹҲһȱ
ο棬תȡ
д߰ôöȴһҲûմϹ⡣
ϵߵˮ·ԽϡغĲΪˮ·ͨԼ͹ϱ߶
ǣȴǲӻüͷʲôУûΡ
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οͷԹôûΣ
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šüͷ˽ȥ
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ȻһЦأࣿ
ǲһָϵһŰײڴеһ150һҪ٣
һ㶣漴һһ顰ΰ͡ϸһһûһĵô󣿡
ӵƫĺܣȻ͹Щ
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ʱλҡȣòСŰĿȼһۣһֺúõɨ˸飬ؽлк
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ꡣ
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Цƹˣڳȴ
ӴЦĳͻˣĳģȫ
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һЦҲ˵ùȥ

أǺסˡ
˵ʵǾҲһ̽
⹫ҪȻĴ𷨣ƫƫˣһνӡ
ӵʲôͷ
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ЩϢУһ׺ȷȼʶܹ㣬ܴ
ǲģ׺ӾĿˡ


433 ̼
һ׺ɫ䣬粻
ȰһЦҲȣСһݻȣСˡ㲻ƹĴ

ʱȶҪк׿͵ǰӰһڣһӰˡ
ֻ̧ɨһۣԹԵؼвˣΪ㲻ˡ
λһѵߵ״ʶҭ˻ȥ
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ģǸոսʱϵǸӡ
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Цˣ
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ӣͷ𣿡
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Ρ
ߵĶ
ܣ

أ׺Ӷסˡ
Ƥҡͷ·У
΢΢һЦвУ˵˲㡣žܾҴ
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еһңεľ֪ǱʲôģȻ

ܶĹЦľã⹫ӽſʼԼС˼ˡ
λȷǸ̼ɣңϴĴ̼ҡ
Ѿ˿ɣڷ紫ĳ͢Ѳ֮йˡţٸ֮оûһǰλ㣬¡ƵŶ
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˼ٻصʻܶȻĳֻǸջͣԵҷȷûĵ
ŵһǣҪ㹻أ
ƹͲģ


434 ۸
ŵһǡ
Ҫ㹻أƹͲģ
ֻҪܶжģֻһ䡰ж󡱣Ⱦܿһ˭޷ܾ֡
ǣû뵽ܶһ֣ӣСĳˣٴҲĳûϵ
Ūסˡ
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룡
ƹǡ
˵
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ĳҶģڳ͢ԣȰһ䣬Ϊϡ
Цƹȷʵˡ

ܶȣ˭ôôţ
ǣΪͣЩ¶֪֪á
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ܶҲǺģ㵽ֹȻȲ飬ܶҲûʲô˵ģ䣬˹ϡ
һߣֵһ̶֣ƤӲŴӵһɽӵСͷȶһ
ȴһ°ָָͷƤҴˣ
ǣ¶
ҪΣ
š
ðһ䣬Ӹմηʿ
Цˣ˭㲻ùܡֻ˵ܲ
ͷͷС϶ҲͲˡҪ·ˡҲûôı¡
Ȳŵ㻹
ǼùȻǾͲӦҪ鷳
룬ͷ΢΢һЦƤƹͷˣСͷ͵ùһۡⲻûϵԺеǻᣬȫѡ
ʶؿܶ
û뵽Գ͵ƹôķͷˡ
ʵȺֱײͦô¶Щأһ֪
ܶ￪ӭͣȹֻۣҪƹĵͷҲͳһʱ΢Ҳûôˡ
ĵȾĲȥˣ˼ҼȻѾѵ׶ˣ˵ʲô
ֻԽǰƣԽǵÿе浽ʲô
ʼֻµĵףʵθģ׻ж
ڣȾãе˶ͦ˼еǰ㶼ࡣ

Ŀתضͷ죬ڿڣɲɵûϵһ䣿
ӣ˵޷
ʱ򲻶ԣǾطԣ
ͷЦ˵ԡ

ӼȻʱ򲻶ԣҲ֪ʲô͢ѲʹѾ˺Ӷؽ磬Ҫϵء
ߡͷһ¡ġ̫ɽǵĹء
أЦҿɡ
ͷһ㶣ӡ
ȼһСˣ̫ɽͳķΧҿɣ

˵ʹͷЩΣȷʵ
ȼˣһӼ֮мϣһˡССĸйܸ࣬ʲô
ڶҪܹ̫ɽҲͲˣ

ͷڵȥˡ
ʵ벻ףʮͷ˵Ƕͷ˵Ŀԡ
Ȼ˼ǣǿ׼ˣγΧ̻ġҲ˵УУ
ʹһ䣬Ӹմηʿ
ȵûһڻؾֻгԡ
ȴ룬˻һͷһ飬ɫ˲ɷסϵ۸ڵһԾվ
һûϵӦֻüвڸ顣
ͷ֮󣬾ϹϾվ𣬹Ҿ
С϶ʹһ䣬һ֧
ڿеĿһ٣з۾ͷ
⻰ʵľнˡ
ȸո˵гԣʾԼйϵ
ûѣΪ糤ǣͷȴһ֧
Լ£̫洫̫ڣʮ궼̫ںƳǣԴ˽ľͶ֪Լҷ֧
һ֧Ȼ̫һȻõܵ˴λǣ̫δڰѹԺסŵԵ¸վ̫֮ӡ
ڶ֧̫һԲ˵ڵá̫ںˡ
һ֧ʷ˽ⲻĿ֪ܲԿطĵܣ͢һ
統˻ʵ֮Ϊ̫Ľ֮ˣλܲӣ͢Ҳ˵ʵ۵˼췴ûɣ̫ڴκ⸮һ·ع
͢һ֮£Աȥط꣬ûͲˡһҲһ˼ң˻
ڱĳǺúûţնݲ紵ʹһƣһȥԲˡ
ǣԼҾôԣҲ֪أ͢һ˲Ķչˡչ̫ĵһ֧ûû䣬ǿ֦ɢҶΪʢ˵ȵΪ١
ʱ֮գսЩطҲҪ͢һϵ̧ͷ֮ơ

һһ֧ȷǸոյı־֪ƽʳ
ǣȴʲôأ
̫һϵ룬϶С
Ǿֻ̫ں֮͢ѡ

סھͷ˵һ֧
ȻǾã͢Ǳ߿ĺãϾһһ˽ⶼûС
˵֮ϸͷı֣ȴʲô
߱Ķһ䣬ȴҲûҡ
ֹıȴǱץ˸ţ΢ɲüͷһ塣
ôȼ˰ѻ𡣡⣬Ҫһ֧ɣ
ңңͷЦ
ǡӵаգ
ȵ̫Уûаҵ£ûйϵ

ðɡ
ǹ߶٣
ҡͷ֪
֪
û
ͷޣܵиɣ֪㻹ʲôΣ
ȴȵ㣬····һö٣
ۣ
ȸͲǰģôǰͷġ
ɽͷһӵΣҲûĸҡȦͼ
ӣĪҪϷˣС϶
۾һУǺ㿪Ц𣿡

ͷ˼˰졣
ǣ̫С϶Ҫϱҡ
ȵͷԡ
ÿŵ
ͷҪЩʱġ
ȾҲûȥıҪˣ֮Ĺ͵̫ԭˡʱҲõˡ
ͷˡλͷ治Сʲô֪
ͷӦѾ;׿¥ȥˡ

صУ׿ʵڱﲻס֣ݣ
ǣȴЦͷܣ˼ͷɵȥˡ
֮ҪȽǣ̽̽˽εĵϸʵ뿴ֵ÷змصεжĹģ֪һŵȾеףɣ̸ǮʱҲи׼
Ҫǰ˼·ȸոշţôһˣ˵ӦǣжΣҾն١
ǣµͷȴʱתͷ
ǣʲôûʣֻ׳һڱһû˸ҳԵڱ
Ϊʲôôأ
Ϊ֣Զûô򵥡
һ˽εηӣǻһ֧ⲻԾҡɽͷ
˵סھ͢һ֮ͷܶɫȴʲô
͸ˡ
Ȱ͢һϵ˵ŸǣҲǡ
ǵķӦϲ޾ȴֲ޹ؽҪĸо˵϶͢ϵĲ롣
ʵһ㲻òԹɫͷһʡһ֧Ⱦ֪һ͢һѲ˸ϵˡ
һռ൱ķôܺûϵ
⻹ԭ͢ϵôҲԶ౻Դˣ̧ͷһʱӰ첻ʲô
ͷʣȴûʡ
ϸ֮£ʲôʵأ
г̫ϵ̫ϵ
̫ϵβ˻أҡеӵ
ȺӵķſͷһȻӣ֤Ǹû̫һȥ롣
ôˣȻ϶̫һģʲôʵأ
У̫һҲǷֳͬϵģǲȷǣһߡ

̫һ

ߣҲ
Ȳ֮ǰʦ˵һ仰
һΣʷ֮ͣʱվһߵģ
ʹ𣺵Ȼؾɣ֮ƣڱ
仰ͽϵһ¡
ѵ£Ǽйأ
ͷһֻ֣һƾնˡ
Σ£
µǣΪΣ͢ϵһҹ

ʲôأô
˴ʱûʲô¶ȡһݣͼǡ붨
ȱѣǿһЦûʲô
ô˵ȴһصӡ
㣬鷳¶
˵
˳ǣ๫·һ࣬ñ˳ײһ͢һҡ
á׿ͷӦ¡䲻֪ΪʲôҪô֪һҪ¡
οҲ֮ģȻô꣬ػǷֵóġ
ﻹþȣȥ㵱ؿ
һȺүڣһȣòʡ
ҡͷǲУֻ鷳㡣
Ϊɶ
Ϊֻо˦ҵġ


435 ˭ô
һǣѾ˴ͷβڣִЩ׽Ҳ֪ض˶ҡ
Ҳ;׿б£֪رܿߣȻ˰ɣ
׿һߣҲο֣Ƕ˳ȥڷУĥܵľơ

ζ겻Զһլ֮УɽСӵҲУһ
Լһʱ⴫˽Ų֮
ûţͷͼɴسɡ
Ĳһˣ֮ǰԶǸƤһŹʵ꺺ӡ
ͷһˣʵȥĶˣ
һˡ
ͷһ㶣ôˣ
ǻСǰˣû뵽һŮľ֡С˿ջһյĹ򣬾Ͱǵ˦ûӰˡ

ԣǳһյ趼ûϣСӵʲôͷһСӶ֣
عֶƤô
ϵĻСİǼ֮߹ĵطֶϸ˸飬ˡ
˺Ǳġ֮ڳת˰죬ͽ˼ӻΡ
£Ƥȼ˽֮ȥĶļҵ꣬͵˵ʲôϸϸ߱һ顣

ȥɡͷƬ̣Ƥȳȥˡ
Ƥһߣ꺺Ӳŵ̫ҡǲУǺܾܿǹ˽õġ
ͷҡҡͷ
ǿ϶ģҡҲ٣ȴ̫ϵˣΪҡеˡ
˭Ҫ˽ûôҡڣǻ紩Źٷȥֱء
ң⼸СӴϿҲǹٸˡ
ݸӪʹ𣿡
ʹˡǱ˵û˵͢ôˣеĸйǸˡ
ͨзڳѾˣҲȥˡ
Ѳ뺣֤ܡʱǲܻ뺣ûʲô٣Ҳûʲô⣬Ҹڣطȥˡ
Ӫأ
ӪǱǺȥģʯҲǰæһֻǣеϤȴҲǺͷ
ԣüͷø
ĵĪڴˣȵĵϸҲǣҲǡ
֪λʲô·˭Һô
ǣȿʵ̫ˣ֮һε˽ⰡҪˣͷ롣
߳һ̾Ѿˣɸȥɡ
ǡЩˡĹϾ͵̫ԭһ͵ˣһϻˡ
ϻҲû취Ҳϧ
ǣ̫ˡ
ɫһǰһ̽һƣ֪
һüͷʲôƣ
ڣҪ׼ǰ˵·ֻҪ֪ʲôϸҲͲôˡ
ǰ˴գ£Ѧǣ

׿ǵʱѾˣԣϿ϶ز
ùοҪȥ̫ԭҹСûǷ飬ͷǳȥԼڴѰһλҪ˼ɹСʳƣ
죬ܶҲһ˶̲סȶ¡
ȼҲ˵Ѿƺ˹ȥԼԼϡ
ܶЩִ٣Ҫûȵˡ
һȻȴֲʧƽ׽ˡҪǸݣӻ治֪ԭ׹лɡ
ǡˣ
Цô񣿡
ǵǡܶﵹһƷֻû׹ں̸Ц
ҡͷ׹Ҳˣǹ˾
˵ҲֻǰԼҹܹˣҲ㲻ʲôС
ܶͷ˵ҲûʵҲкö˵ϴ̼ңĸǰ֮ˡ

ǣ˶̸˵ء
֮ǰӴԻǻ氵أ벻һΡ֡ʱȴĿˣŵľƣӴη飬̸
ȼʶ֮㣬ʵܶΪ֮էࡣλȥֻжʮͷ꣬ҪûȥôطûۼôණǾ˵ôϸġ

֪˾ĵٽҹֱο˻ա
ɫ磬ҲͻطЪϢˡ
ҹ˯ֺ˾ƣڶˣȲ
׿ûζķ񵹻ܵС𴲣æϴ
ɸϴڣѵһοײˡ
ͼο񡢶ԴƽŻŵس˽
¶ˣ
˰Ʊˣ

ۣ
һˮֱ絽οϡ
ȿȡ˵һ飡
˰ˣ
Ŷ٣˭ôӣ


436 ݼ
񡭡˰ˣ
ĵһӦǣ
ô֣
οһĲţͨ졣
û㿪Ц˸ˣ

οתһȦ̫ԭҹУ뿪ȫͬķ飬ʮģתҹŻ
ҹϻ˵̫ԭҲһߺͱĿ̶гܿܶƽʱĺ⡣ǣһ磬ҪȥתһȦ
Ϊ̫οǻû˯˭ҲԸȥһ֮£Լܳȥˡ
ֱͣӦɢˣȴ˵Ҳû⣬Ϊȥعˡ
ɾڸոգζĹϸ˸ӡһ֪˸ˣǽǮ˵ġ

Ƚӹοݹӣšüϸ
ֻŤŤд֣
ѿٶƤᣬȥƤֻǮʹˣǮΣ
滹Ѧǡ
üͷһ壬ѿֺڻ߹̵Ķ֪ǡСӡ˼
˵ףᣬжҪģǻģ
ô죬ô죿οôҲû뵽˸Ұ󷶴
û˵ӣվǶԹԵš
ҲˣϽȥ磬˰ɣ
Դͣǰʲôأһ˺Ʊô죿
ƽҪȸǮȰѷȳǡ
ȵ˼һۣû˵
תݣֱ¥¥£žһġ
ƹģ˵ɣ
ܶһӡյģʱû¶
ʱһͫʲҲȻһ
Ѧǣң
̧ͷٿȣȴɫһζؿԼ
Ѧʲôǣ㣬̯¶ˣ
˵ңС¶ȻҰѷ͵ĶӣƷӵֵܸˡ

ܶһʱȣֱˡ
Īӷģܶӷ£Щ״ˡ
¶ҽţ
ţЦ㻹Ӳס
ܶﺹˣһָԭľɫӣӼȻҵ̫ԭʲô¶ģӲסҲýӣ
Ȱͷ¶ܺܶûʲôϵµҲܲôˡ
ʱ䡣
ӷģĳȥ졣
˵ţһԸȥ庰
ĵһСܵĳȥˡ
ûһͻˣŴ岻ڼ
ܶ۾һУ˹̨һ֣ĳȥңȡ

ĿţȴοǷʲôֱȥ磬˰
ҡͷٵȵȣûô򵥡
ʲô򵥲򵥵ģοһȥ򵥣
ƫͷ˭Ķʲôʱͷ
ο˵ˣǺʲôûд
ңֻһ۾֪˾ͲǱȥġ
ᣡ
ĸǮˣҲҪǮ
οǸȴʱ䳤ˣڶͰǧôʹǮѾֲˡǾðҪﲻࡣ
ǣˣ¶ǣΣмļҲƣ
Ҫⲻ

ֹһܶǸʲô塱ˡϣ塱Ǹͷ
֮ܶʱֻһݣȴŭɫ֮һԲֻۿͷ
ͷһţǳһ֣ȻߵϣһҲɫǺ졣
ѦǺôĵӣ
ûӻ۾һգգضͷ
ȿͷɫһ࣬û뵽⵵¶ƹˡ
οҵúܣ˵Щûõġ
ϻϽ˸һ
ͷλӲ֪Ѧǡ
Ѧ
ѦǣٸҲû
Ѧ̫ԭԱʮͷɽֺˣͷɽ۷˳կ٣רЩƱٵ̫ԭüΧˣ޹
οһǷңô
ô죿
ȥҪˣܶҧ廰
ͷһȥô
ܶϵߵģӵƣ
˵꣬ȣֵҪǳ¶һ
Ȼ˵
ȴͷһҲǸ취ɹԼȥǿ϶ģøóͷɽʩѹҪӪҲ֮ƣ㲻ܰѦôˣӦòѡ
ֻ
ͷһתһֻ֣Ī֣ҵ̫ԭЩҪʹúʹӪۣȴûǸ¡
㿴
˼ǣ㿴㲻ǻʹϵùٸ֮ӦòѰɣ



437 ȴ˵
ͷһ˵Ŀν鲢ïоݣο˶һϣؿȣͷⲻ
ڣοһ˼ѼŪĻȥʲôεӡ
΢ƨֱݣͲ̫ԭҷŷ͵ĶӲȡ

ǣ󣬲˵УҲ˵Уͼ΢΢
Цˡ
Цݴżֹ죬˿һĴ㣬䵽ͷУȴܾλӵ
Цʲô
Ƶʱ˵һܶͷû뵽Ļ
û¶˭á
ҸǮ
⻰һڣͷֻһûϡ
Ǯ
ᰡˣ
ǣûӦѸоλЦԽԽ䣬Цתŭڵһ´λϵ
Σһڲȥͷؿھһš
Ҳү浱Ӳʶ

ͷʮˣľסƴһţźͷɳζꡣ
ϵͻȻһ˹غ«һˤڽϣ֪дܵˡ
뺷ܶŹǳ֮£ֲˣæ㡣
ֻǣһơ
Ŷ
ⲻ̫ԭΰͷ塱
λɺų̫ԭү
үȻ˼ֻ˼ҿɲڼ̫ԭǣ
̫ԭ˸ྸӪʯ£λͷݣͨСҪ֡
˭ҳλ֣
˾ӵĻں棬Ϊ⻹ֻǸտʼ
ֻһ׳С׷ͷӵͷĶӾһš
ͷˤõ߻أһСʹɱһĲҺž;ӿɹڵϣһŻ
ҴϷ򣿡
үһϡ
Ҫɱ
ɱү
ǡ
ү

аҪǲȥϰݣ
桮
滨
桭
ͷһٱߣһͷֻʣƺߣȴȥˡ
ң
Ⱥ֮һŭȣֻһż׳˹
Ȳ֪˭ȴʶͷĴӡ
һûչ˵Լϵ߳
涢ţ뿴λû߶ĹҪôӦԣҲ˶ԣס
û뵽ǻǵ͹λġ񡱡
̫ԭؽ磬Ҵҵʲôȴ˵
۷ŭɱڵľͳ
롰ȴ˵ϧ˺뷨һ
۳žͳ嵽ǰȻ䣬бӰһڣʶƫͷֵǰģȴζʵһͷ
ſ£
οʵһͷֱӾͰ˵ϡ
Ҳ˺󣬴յķգ֮䣬ļҲʵʵſ˵ϡ
Χ۵İտֱ죬ǴĶĳһȺ
ȴʱҲˣֱһοѾ˶ŵˣ˵һľѵûţȥü
һָǸοȥ
˵꣬ץѾȥġүζϡ
οѧҲץͷק
ֻǣлѣͷϳʹ۴У˳ο־ֽŲõǰ˿Ϊӹǣζꡣ
УŰ˦ǰĵڶοСʵ
Ϊɶˣ

ðɣô˵
ֱڣοûŪףȵ׷쮡
ȲŴοƫͷܶôţ
ܶʶؿһүƤŵҪţҲһ³
ȵͷܶ˵ûղҪ˭ţŪ˭
ܶһƵȻӣеҪƲסеĳ嶯Ҫλ
㵽˭
֪˭
ǣߣȴôҲûʳΪڵһͷ۵Ұޣֱˡ

ץϵˮҲȣͷͳүȥ
ͷѣֻһȥһһʹڵ϶Ҳˣֻҧסʹصȡ
ȶӣʲôԩ𣿡
ͷ˵ȻŭĿӡ
ЦԩͺãҲίţģ⻹ҡ
ۡοûס
λ˵⼸꣬ӡ˸顣
Ңӡȷʵ⻹ң
ͷǲ˵Ⱦͼһȷʵ꣬ǣʲô𣿡
صͷǸӱŭˣ
ǣ˭Ҳ̫ԭ
ǿѹͷߣ⼸Ӹʲô¶ˡ
Ʋһۣȥ˵˲㡣
һһڴѪ˿ĭ
ߣƣ
û˼ˣƤӣһɭͷ̽ҿԣֵܡ
οһƺʲô
̽ʲô
ȵǺڰ˸飬Ҳû͸ǵĵףʹһдݾ֮ưɣ
٣ֱӾͱ˴֡
Ϊ¶Ͱѷˣ
˵޴һĴ˹ȥ
~
һҺӶᵽһߣϸǿ˽̡
ŭĵжŸҰ


438 
һѡүıߵһ
۵ڵֱıѪЪ˹شУ
ҪɱǣҪɱǣ
˭Ҳܲˣ˭Ҳã
񱾾ͷϣٱôһлԽķ׼ٲһţȴ룬ƽ죬һŲĿϡ
໣
˻էȻֱֹصǰӺﹾһС
ʲô
Ҷһ۵ؿԼƽںصãһȾͣ


ðɣοֱ۶
Ǿ̸֮ſģҲļһ

ܶ˿ֻɵ쬵硣
ʲôˣѧʲôˣİСӣûһġ
ʱͷڰסˣŴУ
ôһ磬Ҫͷˡ
ѾȥͷŭˣѪͫĿԲصȡ
СӣҪ̫ԭ
̫ԭּ˺ƺŭ
ҡҡͷ̫ԭôˣ̫ԭͿ԰ҵˣ
ðģûͼƺ֮ģ
µȰǰع˲ͷҲܲôˡ
ŹǸӣϷֻ֮ûСֵܣϷȻȫͷȫβĸͻ
Ȼҡͷ
Ҫǲأ
ţ
ͷһЦСӣ㻹ûŪף̫ԭ
ǵӵ׶ӣҲƲϵķصϷ
ܶһӣҲüͷһ壬ǰһߡ
ӣЩã
ʲô˼
ܶﰵһҧ
ӣү⻰˵Ĳ١͹˵ӵĻ̡ˡ
û˵һ룬Ⱦһֹ̧֣סܶĻͷ
֪ô¶ˡ
ʵ²Ѳ¡ڿʱȾ֪η̸֮ڣΪһ塣
ԣͷ֮ǰһ˵ڸú;ӪǱ˵ϻҪԼʱͶ϶¶ͷµˡ
ǸѦǵĵˡ
һٵɽͶ̫ԭĵطҪ˵͹ٸûʲôè˭ţ
ܶȱȻ֪ˣҲͲٶԡ
ܹʲôݣҪҸáӪ棬ˡڵҪǣֵܾȳ

ܶ˵ȣֲǹӺүºԣ鷳Ӵɷģ̫ܶԭȫ
Цˣܶļ
絹Ƕˣһ治ԡ
˵꣬Ҳͣͷصүߡ
ܶؿȵıӰ˹Ƶġ
˴뱲ӣûôҰġǴλʵۣҲýʱưɣ
ʹӸմ
ˣܶʵ̲סˣҲʲôزأҪλʲôͷĵߡ
ȸն׵ү߾ܶʻүҲ˫ĿŶķӦ
һҡͷʲûô¶ˣ
ƣһȣӺơ
˵Լʱ򣬻Щ޵⣺ȣӺͷڴɳӦ쵱Ĵ˰ɣ
ĳ룬üͷһš
ȡӺƣ
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ۣ
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졭ˣ
ܶ˵ǲǿˣλǷӣⲻܲ˵ľͷĸˣ
οȵһ֣񡢶ԴƽҪꡣ
Ǽƣȥͷɽ족һ㡣
ܶĵ治ͷٺȥˣȻ˭ûô
а
ֻû˵꣬οѾƿζĴţϵһչ¶ǰ
ȿ˺Ҳüͷһ塣

ֻѾˣٺŵ׳ζΧ˸ʵﳤ̰żһиǽŭӵС
Զиòۡױֶˣ߶ϡ
үſڵϣһϵƣɳһ
Сӣŵͷˣ
οе˻صУԾؿȣ˼ǣô죿
΢΢ЦһԽԽġ
ã⣡



439 Ҳ
үˡСˣ
ϰٶУͷһ׳Űѩ˵ѾʼﺰˡȻүʹӡ
οе飬ȵĶߣô죿ȥˡ
ȵһۣأ
°һָϵӣһʣ

οϵү꣬㶵ؿ˿ȣ󻺻Ĵָߣݣ
ο˵ҵҪ֪ҳȥЩЮʡ¶ݵĻƣɱҵĶˡ
˹ɨذ˹ɨذ
һҡͷ̾һȥĶӾһ͡
ѣȥΡ

ܶԱֱϷô϶ԼˣҪǵľд壬ʹôõֶεġ
һʣһЩȥͷɽµǡ
οһӲûͻ
ڣ㻹ǸһǱյʱˣͱ𷢷˰ɣ
ҡҡͷѹڳﶯ֣һһǸʲôѦǶΣˡҴ϶ȥסƣܳ¡
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˵ǰɣʲôõֶζʹóƤܡ֣Юʣ˸ɵ飿
ǡ
ǣƫƫǹӰܶﲻòţͷ϶
˵ģ棬ҵļҶۡӪʿѾĵΧˡλûκ˷ľһȺ򣬲ж٣ͷǾ͸û
ȣӺƣ
ûôһﰡ

Ҳ֪Ķ¹аܶһҧ
ĿһҪң
ܶҡͷס
ԣֻ㹫һˡ
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ΪһСšҪྸĽġ
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һԵģһҲһĵһЩҰСӣҼүҪòͷָˣ͸ݣС
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ྸһȸʶ̧ͷζǱ߿һۡ
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ͨ
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ҲҲ
һߵУһĻص
졭죡
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ɷڣܶԶԶɣ


ǹܼҲˣôֱˣ
ǰһ๫ɲܷҼүӲܰ
ྸһŰ߳ӡ
һȺ֪Ķ˭ãǸӣ



440 ð
ƷҲǵģ
ƼˣүҵӡҢҵĹӡ
ðɣҢһûŹ
죡˶
ྸڽŴУ˵꣬ҵĹһۡ
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ʯΪ̫ԭؽ˾Ӷ·ͳ죬ǧ˿ƵĹϵҸӱЮ֣ȻҪֳ
ʱʯָӾζһͷ࣬׼һлᣬʱˡ
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һôãͼྸִһϼתҹܼһԿధ󡭡
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⼸λɶǴһһĶ氡
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֮ǰԼѾתǰһɽꡣ
ľǡ
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441 콫
ʱָӣĿ̣ǻһ˿ȻЦ⡣
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һ̫ԭץסҪĿⶨ͢һϵһϵĹϵϡ
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Ȼǰɸ¶һЦݡƸǺء
̧ۺСѾͷһۡ
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εɤӣûûʵһ䣺㿴ǼСӣһʡĵģ
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һ㵣ҲһӡϷǡ
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һԿţԽСѾͷԽϲ
սӴСѾͷʫͨ˵ǵһŮҲΪƴСŮ
ǿϧˡ

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ţһɧ
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Ѿʼ󺰿
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Ķȥ˼ûӰˡ
ģͷݴһڶ⻹𣿣


̫ܶԭ򱱣ۡ
ʮ·;һܵģƥҲܲˡ
һۼºѾʼ˵ĴǶֻͣս
ȰүקһӣͷƵһ
ʮ·͵ˣ
ܶͷڶľʿٲ
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ǻӲ죬ǳ¶ǺӶ·ӹٵ̣˭Ҳã
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˵ﻰһֱͦ档
˵յ˲Ӧû쵽ξΪ̵ĵزΪ̣ҲΨͼɲŶԡ
Ͳ´һˣҺ̫ԭϻ첻ȥ
ֲһԾŶˣ˶οǸηӣ
ܶﲻмסҲͲ췹ˣ
ȿĵЦˡ
ãͳ仰һ󣡡



442 񱼶
һ󣿡

˵ﻰµܶﶼ֪ǰλӵĻľ棬ľǼˡ
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ٴ·
̲ס棺ƹĺ˵ʲôǾ͸⡮ˡ
Ǻǡ
ܶҡҡͷεһأ



443 ܶĹȥ
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ͬ
ܶһ㶣ʲô˼
һЦ˵ģҪһ󡣡



444 ڼ
ͷɽ̫ԭɽжߣжܣ
ȵˣۿס

ƽԭͻأع𼸸ɽˣҲɸߡɽϵľկŵǲСƺҲͦʵӳϡϡļᲱ֮䡣
ǣټ̵ĳկôһطٱҪ£Ǿ;ûòµĿܡ
վɽ£޲ܿկ̻Ҫ˵ƵطܲסˣٸҪǴݰһһѡ
ܶһ֣Ѧǵϳڴ˵Ⱥĳɽ˵͡
𣡡һ֡һǸһȥɡ
˵ﻹֱֹεҲô¶Լһһʦ׷ĲûһͺͲûʲôԶûкɽ˷˼ǡǰ뺷
˵˸կȷˡ̫ԭõӵ˭йأҲ°ô
ܶŤһԼڣȵҲûʲô֮ǣҲˡ
ǣĹٲˡ
һǼҪɽƵܳһͷڼǰ
ƴүϿɲȥ
һôϡүˡ
ʶң
ٲһҾأСฮҼҸԸƴүա

ܶ˵λӲǼٰʽྸɵ
Ҳƶ
ྸô֪̫ԭˣ

ͷһܲ˵ԼҸһͷ˰ɣ
ҺһֻȼҲû˼Щ֦ĩڣһָɽϵľ¥կ𣿡

ͷֱҭסˡôôشܲʵʵ˵ĺܰɣ
ȼסȻǾඣ
ȻǶʶ˵ȥ𣿡

´㶵Ĳͷȡ׿ܶү͵ͷɽ
ͷŷӦ
ã
Ȼ˼һ˵ݶˣҲˣһȥɡ
ӾӪһһ֣˼ǣһɣԷһ

կһС·ǰ棬ͷ;Сĵظں档
߲ܶ棬ƹȷʵͷС
Ц֮ǰôûã
ฮһ԰̫ԭһ꣬û˭࿴ΨƹӲͬס
û˵
ྸʱҪժĸɾƾӪǼӦðȥ
ֵܶǰϱ߶˲һ
ôһ
ǰҲĹˣǶЩǲмһˣںӶ·ڰĻָֻšӦǾû׹ҵȷһѣȴûݡ
̧ۿǰν˲ˣٲ٣һطһطķ򡣡

ͷ͸ʡ
ͷ̽ƴүԷαߣ
ȿһۡ
תξ߹ɵأҲǼʶԽ࣬ҲԽÿ˰ɡ
ʵԭġӺǸ߶ȷε̻壬ϡԶӦ
ǣߵĵطˣʶĶˣĶҲһˡ
ʼһЩΪŴͺһھǺڣ׾ǰףԴǷɷ˵࣬Ϸһ㹫ۣҲзɹ淶ʲô˵ʲô˵
ڹŴʹǷγ̶ȺܸߵĴΣȴһ¡
νȨء
֮ҷȵһѾͷˡ
£ҷһһ˽ˡɴ˶塢塢ط򣬲ǰᵽ淨
Էαߣķ
ͬϷҷΪɣһһһһǷǾףǴ¶Ҫû˱٣峤зȡ
ҪҲͺһ¶ҹٸԹŴЧʣǵطپʲôøˣҼѰ
ֺڲڡײ׵ŵϣȻϲ̨棬ǡ
ȶһ£ڼǺֻҪǶ԰кôԴα޺Ǿûʲô˵õġ
ͷƲ죬ƷӾƷӣ˵Ļͱ˲һ
ֱܶҡͷû
˵ҪǷڱ𴦾͵ý𣬶ŵֻҪ˰գҲûɶ
Ŷˡ
ܶﲻˣݸչ١
֪ͷ󲻴ʱΪȵģ֪ͷСʱֿʼΪɽġλϱ߶Ĺһ㣬˾Ҫ˷ˣػض÷¿
Цؿܶչݡ
涮ˣ
ˣ
˾ͺãֻҪܶͰϢݹȥǼӦþͲʲôˡ

¡
ʡ
۾һУǰϱ߶Ĺ˭
ոܶ˵ˣ
ϱ߶Ĺˡ
ָֻš
׹һ



445 
֮ôģǲ͢ϵͻȻ֮ܶǰ˵Ĺˡ
ûԭġ
֮ǰһ˱ڸһ䣬̫޷
Ҳ˵ôֲһģһţѡ
ʽ𣡣
ҲǣõĶǮһУ
˵һл˶ǮԼһӴĹϵǶôǮһ¶
ˡϢԱЭ̽ӡ׮׮׮ﲻҪǮ
һ˵ҮɺȵʱһξþͰϢݹȥˡ
˵ֻǼ仰ô򵥣ⱳҪȴ޷ġ
ȵĵףһ仰Ͳõ
ңʱһ޺ɣѾڲˡ޺ˣж٣ǵò٣
ɹİҲֽ϶й
ҪֳڵĹͨ벻Ǯ
ǣĶǮ
Ҳ˹پٺ»һְһϼûʲô룬֧ôӴһ־򡱡
ǵûǮ
ԡͨүֻܶƬȻһѣĲԴ᲻·йأ

λ
ôͻȻһʣܶﷴһʶؿĲͷ;
ӡ
Ҳؿһ۲ͷļ򣬡ˣȲ˵طˡ

ȷʵ˵ЩʱΪѾ˷կ֮¡
ǣûȵԱţկԼͿˡ
Ȱ˵ôĵزҲôû˭ˡ

կһп첽ӭһƤӵ꣬һ˷ܵس嵽ܶǰ
զˣ
ܶһЦڼ¶
ڵģҴȥ
˵ţͰýկӡ
絽߻˵ȥǡ
Ѧͷã˵¶

ܶεؿȡ
߻ߵľλƹӵѡ
ȵûʲô֣ҿ˸Ů˲٣ѡ
ǵһ
ת۵ɽկȵûʲôá֮ҶǼһ״꺺ڷ˹ǰ
Ƥһ߼ӭȥ
Ѧͷ
û˵꣬ͷ캺һž˹ȥٲˤȥ˳̨׶һס
˭㿪կŵģﻹͷ𣡣

ҡˤĲᣬѪҪ磬ȴûҶ˵
ܶѦһۡԾɱӺָɣġ
ôأܶˡҡҲҪͨˣ
˵ĶӻȻǻӭģɽկҪеģҪǰѴ˷Žկô죡
ܶӻĲͷ˵ˣʣ
˭ǴˣһѶǴˣ˵˭Ǵˣ
Ѧһӭ̨ףһЦͷ˵ﻰˣСǻӭĽˡ˵Ĳλ
˵꣬һܶ
ڱϿֱҡͷ˵֮ǰܶ˵Ļ治ûƣûͲˣ˵Ҫˡ

ѦǰýһǸϻ˸ˡͷʵλǡ
ҲȲͷ˵Ȱүһӡ
Ҫˣ

ҪˣҪʲôˣѦһšü
ٿϣĲûҧͷ
ү
֮ǰͷȼϣ£ѦҲû˭泯죬Ļϲ̫ԭĴΰͷ
㡭ʲô˼
Ʋ죬ʲôʲô˼ϰأ
ˡ
˹ϵģû˸ĵͷôƵĿͷ
ͷ޵ظ˸ʽ˼ǣϽ˴
Ѧһšüͷⲻ͹ذ
ǣ鲻֮ǰҲʹᣬԹԵؽ˰ϰ˴
һȲû
˰Ѽôˣ
ôĵһ죬˳ʲôءʱŸȣе
ȣôû¶һ˰
ү
ô̹ͦ
ٺ١
û˵ѦЦʲôҲ˵˰ǰˣȴû˽ٲƣȻźţŸλˡ
үݵŶ˵ףֻΪ̽Ҫ·
ҿƣǹǱܶ˳Ӧ˵ƣͨ˹ϵˡ
үΪʲôǱġ
ðɣӣ벻ףҲȥˡ

ȴŷ񺬻̹ƨϵһأϵڸųʳҪǿ⼦ȶķϣھͲ⹷ƨɽկ
ܶһ۶Ҳλү߶ôɣһ㱻ƱľûС
Ѧǵһ⡭
˼ңܲ˵ݻ̹̹
Ҳ̤ʵ٣Űƽµļˣ
漴ɫһת˵¶ˣ
ͷһƷ˿ڡ
ˣ
еĴʯͷҲ͵˵أ븱һۣпЩȻ
ղɽ·λ˵ˣٷ֮£˼ǲܵġ
˵ˣӦþɶʱ¶ûˣǻȥҲܽˡ
ܶҲû뵽ô׾Ͱȥˡ
ȻԲǾ͸Ͻתܸ֮ǰǡƹֵѹ
Զԣͷ͵·سǡ
ô˵Ҳѣٴһһ
ǡ
ȴôˡ
ӡ⵵¶ˣ
һ·үôͻأطͻأ
Цװһ·ôװˣ
үĨһǸɵѪ˵ûУ
۾һУô
ȻˣϷǷӵҲ㻹ˣ
Ǿ͸һ˰ɡ
û˷Ӧүһȣ
ǣͽҰˣ

ྸ·ĹӣʯҲ¡
ǡ
ȴǲ£


446 ۵ƺ
ˣ
Ѧһܶͷ͸Ҳһ㶡òͷ޲ȥһ϶
ѦǸǴ㶵ؿүֿȡ
ү⡭
⵽ֵһ
ƱүԸѦǿóģǡ
ɴܣСвУ
Ÿʲôүš
Ϊġΰͷ̫ԭôãûԹôĿ˭Ȱ˵
үܶˡ
ԿǸһҲǸǳη˸ѣ±
˻һ˫أΪ̫ǰˣһ˼ǣû¶ˣαٽ֦
ԿǸүŭҵӻԣ
ǾصԲոƴү˵¶ȥˣȻҲˡ
ǡҲУүŭֱĵء
ⲻǵ⣬
ү˵һ룬˻ȥ
治ܶȻȥԺ˭˶ͷ϶һѣǻ˵ã
˵ĵͦô¶ͷСšǸǲⶪġ
Ҳ⡭
ǣүϡ
ʲô˼
ʲô˼
ͷ۹Ƶ𴦣̲صþյүЩ׵ö࣬ʱҲ˽ǡ
ͷҪƷȫȫβĴȥȴҪƷˣⲻ
ϣͷҪ˵ûлǼٵģ֮Ȼǹ
ǸȻͷһ˼ۿүһۣȵȻܽгĻţǡ
ϻ֪ǰλƷӣǾͲǸ棬Ǹлˡ
ܶһ̾үǺαأ
һαֵòʰҪүӻУһ֮ڣǣߴųһֲ飡
үѾʧȥǣ𣡣ϷҪʲôӺƸҸ˵

ᵽȣȻʶɨһȡ
ֻһ
ۣ
~
ܶһۣͷ;Цүһιȥ

ҪҪ˵̫ԭͷţѦΪѡ
Ʒӡ
û¶һԼҵطյˣǱһм⡭
ðɣҲδĽء

ǿǿ
үŭУУ˵λãûǷ
ƹӡ⡭ܶһΪ˵е㿴ȥˡ
ģ˵Ҫأǻ˼ԣ
ؿһȣӹ׿ݹľϸ˲֣ȻͷʮĿˡ
ˣ
ʲôˣ
ǵǰ󣬻ǲ󰡣


˳ˡ
˰죬Ҳˡ
ǣȻָˡȥҲ˵һ


ʵԴ֪ͷɽйʱȾ֪ү˷Ҫ죬Ҳûʲôˡ࣬Ҳ档
ΪʲôأȾͲЩ١ˡһ˲
治¡
ΪڴΣ
ʵҲ飬ǣɲݰʵۣǾʹشˡ
ܰѴƴʮû⣬˭˵ǲݰ˭ǲݰ
۴ƶȣϸ΢֮ƺ⣬˵ۡ
óľǣڲı״£ͨ΢ﵽ໥Ч
ԣڴΣȨʧ֣ǲܵġ
̫ԭ
ս֮أһ˽ΰѾʧصվ
ӸոռͲѿ˽֮ȷʵѾ̹һǣǲһģ໥֮ܲɷ֡
˵Ǿ̵ĴƣȷڲҲƺڡ
Ĺָʹͳô̫ԭսҪأһ֮УǹϵĽſȾָġ
̫ԭͳ졪ʯ£һ־֪ʯŵĺˡ
Ҳ̺ϼнţȴΨûʯ֣֮һ
үȲòҲ֪͢ˡ
͢ϵٹ̣˲Ź㲼Ϊʲôƫƫص̫ԭٳȴûһ˵ϻˣֻһ£
ĵطһϸڣһܳһҶȨʧصľ档
ڣʯºྸȻ֪Ʒӵݣ֮Ϊѡ
ү֪ƫƫͷ͸ֻȰȴֱ˵ȵݣͬġ
Ҹǳɡ
ζؿһܶȴ̧һָѦǡ
ؼ˭˵˭Ӯˡ

ͷ͸ضһۣ˵ǳʶˡ
λүȰ˵ѦǰԼ
Ƿӣɵӣ



447 Ȼ
һˣҶˣڿ
үá˵Ķԣ
͵Ĵеǣ㻹ʲô˸Ұˣ
ѦһûȶȴŲͷУ
̫ԭûһĵزǰѴƣ
үͷش壡֮λ޹أӺһ֮Թ¶һ˳е
ее𣿻̧ӳ
㣡
ͷֲˣλôˣӺ˵ɣһ
Ҫ˵
ͷ˵ֲɵλʲôͷǸ׹ݣһǻ׹ңܣϵ˽ģϵ̨ҲˣһҪ㡣
ӺûпǳдԱסͷûǷȥ롣
һС̫࣬ǹ٣ڶǰ˾Ҳϸմ˽εǮ
ѦǣϷ֣үٴδߴ١
ͷҲǸ߽УѦǣ㶯һԣ
ҡ
Ѧ˵ôǷ˶ѣõݶа𣡣
ǿɫҪǲһϡԼҲҪһùˡ
ҡүģҳãѦ˾ϡ
ңͷˡҪƷӳʲôôһ˶øᡣ
Ųʹƽɽկ
룬ѦȴҲʹٸҪƽҵɽͷһ仰顣ǲͷ룬ͷฮ
ֿ򸱽ͷʯͳ졣
˲˵꣬ʣ˭״򲻶ģүүһ壿
Ѧǻ˵пϣҲһûһתййҪ𴦣˵ͻˡ
ʣµĲǰ⼸λ𣿿ʲôү·һˣ
˵ĺã
ͻأһС
תͷܶ㱻˼ռȵҲûеںͨ
ܶҭĹǺĵλôͲ֪أ˵㣬һã͵óԿͷ
ȸЩͷ
ôʲô˵ĿʵྸʯƨһߣɾͰǿˣʱǵ֮أ

ͷ˵˵ȷʵеҲôһ㶯ˡ
ǣ֪ΪΣƷǹƣ֮⣬·һ̾Ǿһ̡
ơƹӷģ滹ǵˣƴȫ
ԣӷġҲ͡
ûвͷǰ˼˷Ӿǣͷʲôִʲô
һЦһʹһٺˣǶö࣬ô
ݶľͺá

תѦǣΣ
ˣѦжȡ£
ϲ㣡Цޱɭһѡ񣬵ȴҺϲѡ񣡡
Ѧһ飬ֱ˵ĸо
ôλǹԼһأ
ǣʲôѾˣ˵䣬һѾ
Ǻॣ
ͷܶӦε
ǲͷǴУҿ˭Ҷ
һӾͽ
޵ظ׿ҡҡͷû¶һ׵ϣĿүȻأ
ûͷûԵһ䣬ʵһʲôȻأ
һָϣ㿴߶ţ٣ĸ㶼ɱáȻô죿

⻰үߣ֮Իסˡ
Ȼô죿ûȻô졭
ҡͷһʧ
ּĶ֣̫֮ˣȫûһս֮
һƨڼ߶ȰɣҪҸӡ
Ѧǿһү˼ôɡҪǸú;ӪƴˣͲð찡
ү֪ﲻȣҲ¸ú;籨
ǰģڣûܰô
ߣҪǵʲô
Ӱ
үζʱ˵ͬȥʲô硱ǵȵǰɡ
ʲôӣ
ˣҪʲôӰ
ðɣ˿ʱˡ
Ҷӡ
һʹˡ
㻹Ҫݣ
һͶ֪ˡ
ҡ
һʱүҲ벻ʲôˣһ٣̫Сˡ
ؼͷðɣʹһû
ҪǮҪ٣Ǹ⡣
룬
˵꣬յضˮ룬ԼԼһ롣
ᵶ㿴ңҿ㣬û׽ôˣôһ˵ľżһϷˣ
ѵ¡ȻԲ
ҵأ۲ۣ
ƹҲѵ£ЪЪš
ܶﵶʣУߡ
ӵʲôʱܵµ̫б䡣
Ҳ˵̫壬ڳ϶ʮ⣬ܵ
ܶˣʮ
Ҳ˵Ǽֵȥˣ̫ԭһؾʮټ̫ԭǵͷɽİʮ
ܵġ
ҵȰɣ
㲻ЪţҹܵͲˣ

ֻ
ܶû뵽
Ⱥֻǵ˰ʱɱͷɽ



448 Ҫӣ
ܶ䲻֪ȵǸ硱ʲôˣǸŮĹ˸߾֪ʲô֮
ֻǣʣʲôңȵ˼һ֣Ӧûбˡ
ܸܲǾְɣ
ʹ񺷱оҲһʱ䣬ҲŪҹȥˡ
ðɣƹ񻹵ġ硱ʲôأ
ͷǸһƷӵǡȶģа
Űѵ˶ŵľ棬ýҹȥˣ
ҪܶյȶߡҪ˵ĳҴеͣȥˡ
Ͼúǰ𣿡

ҡͷЦôƹˣ
£ˣܶͲۏ˻ˮ
ǲ͵ˡȰܶﰴϡƹҰĵţȻͷݺ㣬ʾл
ѦǿȰԼƵģܶ£ֱۡ
ӵĵ̺òôԼƵģ
СӣһαŪĲʰү͸ͷѦΪǽһѣ
Σ
Ѧе顭
ָоԷСڸס
ѣЦðϻˣҾѡ

Ѧ˵ˣԾ̧ܡ
үһңϷҪûʵ

Ҳ˵үڡ
կĹٲ˰ʱҲûţЩȵĲͷˡ
ɸ˽ȥͷʲôУ룬ٵ֮ͻȻ̳Լо֮
һɣ˵ؾӪɱˣ
ƣٶȣӦһˮʯѪ̫ԭΨһһɳˡ

ǡ
ǶԽԽȵѾܹݣɽµĹٲʿѾ˵ˡ
ʲôããؼײ
һּŽ⣬ֱͬײĺľޡ
ǧڣܳƣЩٲʿܲ
˰죬ʿȻ鳤ŲǴУ
Ϯ󣡣

ͲǴεʽװԣ϶Ǵεı
Ļģ
ɵӶҪǱȥôʬ塣
иƨܰɣ

ǵͷɽܣҪ˭вϮ
鳤һȺûõĶ
ʹҲ⣬ܸΣĸ졣
Ƚ±Դ
ǡ
׺ʵ̫죬ʿһţ˼ҾѾ嵽˽ǰ
ˡ
鳤˵ǿδšȴǾܡ
ѾܿԷĻƸֵҺ⡣
ʲô
û
ʹսϱ鳤ڶһֲɵеľ
ǡ
Ԥ֮Уѹβûз
սɾȥֺ֮ͬԶƹУֱɽϳȥ
ʱλʿҲڿױǵòһǺӡ
⡭
鳤㶵شдǹǴεľӣ

һ̣鳤ȷԼ뷨ûȷʵξ
Ϊ֧صĶ֮Уһˡ
ǲǼǰԼֵ˵ֵܵ𣿡
ֻ
ӱôͳ֮еһԱҡ
λ͡



ϣνбָǰӪĽʿǰ壬Ӱһ߷ɹ
ɱկӸ̤ƽˣ


ɽկ֮УδЪ󣬾ͼһ̽ܽ
ɽ̳һӹٱ
ٱѦһ㶣Ǹ
ǸһϲʯŴˣ
Ѧǻʯôˣ
ү鲻ԣοǰģ˭ˣҲøһ˵

˵֮꣬ǰķ̽ûȥܽһò۳ɽš
ѦǸԺˣʲô˴Ҳˣɽ
Ž

˵ȥկţˡ
ûһһڹٲܽˡһ֧񡭡
ֻû˵

կһ֧پڹկ
կ
ѦǺүһ£е㲻ԡ
˵ǣͷ͸Ҳˣͷկô˵ҲôϵʯӦûΪһƷӣʲô˵ֱӹկɣ
һʼҲûô͵ˣһկ֪Ӧˡ
ЦǺǵүǰ
Ҫӡ
ˣ


ܽģǸѪġ
²ãկƣپɱˡ
գ
Ѧǲˡ
ٵİɣֽģＷҲüһɣô죿
ǿҲûǿݶϣ



449 
ɲѦǲţվ֮ϣѾܿɱˡ
ʵϣɽկû򡭡
ٲϡϡܣûǰկŹϣؾѾ໽ųˡ
һ䣬կǽϵľûʣʲôվŵˡ

ųġ콫˵Ѧǣͷ͸ŵ
ôͲ̫ԭؾĶİ
ΨȣָȻһԾĵү
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Ǹû꣬ߣ
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ļû˵
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Ѧһֱ³ĳžǡӷĳһ·
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ܶȻеôҲû뵽ǰλƷӡ
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ܶػͣ
Цˣ˵Ҫһݺ񡣡
һָ⣬Щˣˣ
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ιټ֮͵
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أ
ܶһָѦǡ
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ܶһӣ𣿡
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ԼˣԼ˰Ѧǰ˷ָʹĳֻ£
һʯ븮õĲǲһ



һһ
ս񶼲סҡͷ
ܶпɫر˫ۡ
ӲΪˣҲˡ



450 ʶ
дУ˶˽²۹ı¾Ǻϡࡣ
ǡ
⻰Լ˵Ѿƺԣû⣬ȴǫ̃˵
ͬĵٷһңٿأﶼܣͷⶼûϵ첻ߵ߶Ҳ¶㲻ڴ֮ͥ£͢ʷǰϹл
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ѦΪ̧һѹϵܱⲻֻ֪ĸ죡
ѦǸͿܶȴˣ˻һܶﲻһЦ
Ҳˡ
ޱϲؿѦһ̧ۣͷԲͷ˽ˡ
ͷһæ֣лӣ
ȵͷѦʲôˣѾûʲôϵˡ
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ͷӦίӣվɽկЪϢһٻسҲ١
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ǸŹӼֵܵǶӹپ
ȵûʲôˣȴɫһ죬ô˶ģ
̫ԭʱ׷үƷǼֵܵĶɶġȵģûܹȣ˼߰ӶˣǱ߶Ÿյ
ģǹҵġ
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˵ﻰǷġ
˵ҪԼҲ֮Уǵö磿

Ҳǹⶺֻһ죬ȷʵЩˣڷԣֻҸطһ
Ը͵ӪҹˡȻҪһëձ˸ĽôǱĿ
ܶ㶵ؿȰ죬˵λһ㶼Сڣее̫һ
֮У˵赹ǲ٣̹֮ǣôҲһӽɡ
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Ӫڳ鳤ŸҹʱӪмӪͷοΧڻԱߣܶҲڡ
һ߿⣬һ߶ʱʱĴЦ
ߵȴе㲻ǰˡ
ոѾ֪ˣ֧ĹĶ
ǼıȾڵİСͷ󣬸ҲǸʷةǸǷ͵Ķӡ
͸Ż⣬ϸ˿ֻѱһˣǸ
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⸱еɨһۻǱߣ¾ǰ
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˵͹һۡ
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˵Ѿע⵽߶
Ǿʶйһվʲô¶
һˣȻˣߣһ
˱ǰ£Ǿִ١
Ǽ۵ĹٶͬǾ飬һޱȡӪߣʱоһӾͱȳ
ðɣӪĸλһЩ



451 ûĵ
ǰģҲÿ˭ȡ
ûӪţǴεһװԴʣʵս飬Ƕǰʱ
ǣӪһȣֻϵڶˡ
ر֪һǰڹһʮĵӪʱʿ͸Ƿ
ԣ⸱ûʲô
ǣȻ־ִǶġһ£˭Ҳûǵˡϵ⸱磬֮£Ҳվһ߶ӡ
Դӿϸ⣬ݵֱ߶
⸱ֻһ˫ֽӹȡ
鳤Ͳˣֶֻ֪ˡ
ǷĶӰ۸ʳ
˵ǷĶˣǸʶüֶİҲûܹ
ؼᶯˣӹ̳ӺþƵݸˡ
զģðźǲɣԼˣ

ʱҲҶ˵ˣλౣŻסֵܵȫ
Ҿλ˵ţ;о̳
⸱æپƻ񣬡ӦõģӦõġ
һڣزŵҪͷŶסôʱ䣬һǸʲôǸˣǵʱѹ鷳ء

⻰ʰ˻ͷЩԾһЩҳ
⸱ֵ֪ܻ˵֪˹ϡ۵ǰ׳ң
⸱޵ûˣ
صͷЦȴû˵
⸱֪ܲܣ˵Щ¶תƻˣɶ֣
гǹ˵Ķأզûأ
ǹǹ־֣Ϊһ˵֧⸱е֣ûŴ֡
Ҳʱɷ˷羰˳ְ䡰ӡժ
˴󣡡
һۻžһߵƬһ̶һͷڵµѶҲ˳
ʱ䣬ͱһѸ
⸱۾ûͻ
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ذ۵ݵ⸱
ʽ൱ҪЩΪĲѰȫּ
⸱ֻţоĪ
ʽ൱Щ
죡ⶫֻʽһСһֻ־ܻ
ڱ߶϶ˣҲ򣡡
һȥ⸱ȳ⡣ûء
ֱЦȴ֣˭ϲһֵıʹ˸ɫ
Ż⣬Լϵ۵ժݸ
ҵİɡ
ϲʥһĽӹС棬ֶˤⱦ
˰죬ţⱦĶģ˽һѡ
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զģЦȡǮǿۣ
صͱˡ˵϶𣬾Ҳû㣡
⸱ǸеģⶫˣøƬϵȺø֡Ҫò϶೤ʱˡƬۣ͵òĹᣡ
⸱˵ģϲȴǿ򽣣һϵȰֽĹᡣ
룬ҡͷһЦĹ᣿һѶӸң
ⱦ۾ʮῪ⣡
ļٵģе㲻š
ʮᣡ´ףӳ̱ðһûɫˡ
Ȼġ؇Nɪ
һᣬһӦöȣûһ¶Ǽֵ쳡˵ѰǰȲˣ
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ԣ˵ģ߿Ƽĺö
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㻹ţذսһ顣ʱˮһĺڰ׸սε⸱۶ˡ
ɶ֣𣿡
һָϣףɣֱֽʵǶ䶼Ҳ

սǰ԰ڣҲֹӪԽѾˣȶ˽Ӫ֮µĳŵ
ԡãõġ
ҲûʧһӪıҲõģ

⸱һĽܣЩ⣬һԿ϶һס
Ǳ
۲ˡ

⸱ʵ̲סˣض߶һ͵һصӪҪ˲

һ
Ҳһϣؿ
ðɣȻ˭뵱õı
Цҡͷ
⸱ҡͷ취˵ţһȦѱˡ
˼ǣسϢˣύôҪ˵߶ף
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Ӫ˶ˣЩӪͷȻϣԽԽáǣӪѾ࣬Ѿˣ
ԭһ2500ˣɸѵǧ˶ﵽƴ˵Ǹ׼
һҲ÷ųȥֻöˣķŲˡ
ȵȰɡƴɺ͹ټ˵˵Ѱһһʱһֵǡ
⸱һ
أ
Ʒ衭
ӺӪ¶ܵţ


ο˵ģ廰Գϵ¶ܣûĵģ



452 ӵĿ
Ʒӣ⸱˻ǿ־һЩοô²ۣȴǰֶҵġ
١⸱Цšƹӱ´ȻĵľͶ¡
οͷͦģ⼸ûŹ
¶ѣĥŲþԴҪըˡ̫ܡ
㻹˵ˣһֱͷԺȵŴ˻
ɿϢǲټһһһ
οһǶû˵Ķģ
治ţٶȲϢͨ
űӵбοһۡ
˰ɣèè·ۻͨ
ο˰ףҧţ»رҴȥԻƣ
Ц
Ϊӹ˶ɣǲ϶ȶ˸ţġ
οȻԭǲ϶
񻰷һת
϶ӪҲһˡĴ޷ټ˵ϣʮ֮˾ûġ
⸱͵͵˸ɫĵƷզôţ׸ʼҶͲ˵ˡ¶֣ǲǾ綼͸ˣ
ǰֻЩţƹӴĶˣһȻһɱȡ
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⸱ԵҲ˵׼ǰɡƷ衭ƹӸµЩ¶˸оûһܸɳģԡԡ
ԣҲ˵á
~ʲôǮټҳŵ˵𣿡


ȻһЦ⸱Ȳ죬ʣµĶֵܡ⻰ϿɵģƽʱȻûʲôµġ

룬ȦһͻȻ𣬡ǳ֮Ϊ簡
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ǣЩؿȴƫƫ̲ܽһӺƣ
ɵ๫˵Ȳعأ
عأЦཻܣϸϸЩµ飬׮׮һ㣳

һĥô¶
ҪعأͲȰˣͲйԺҲй̺ϣᵱڴ˷ᡢȭſҢɶʵɱҮ³š
ֳΪߣһµףҲһϷ塣ΪۻףǸ߹٣ڷ֮ڣ
ͬΪߣƤƦɱ٣ɵͷ䡣Ҳڷ֮ڣҲ
ǡһ¡
˭ԸȥһӰɣ
Ϊ㲻֪ĵߣ֪ʲôУ֪һʲô

˵һ仰
һھơ
ο⻹һеķӣ



453 ƽ
˵๫һ壬һָʹ
ȷʵˣ˭Ըȥһӣرһǧ谮һƴֵķӣ
ǡ
ο˵ʵЩߵĲԸ⿴ȱһӡ
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ڴ죬̵ʱӡ˵ףһ
Ȼ֪ȵΪΪԼʱΪټҡΪߵ˱
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һļһ
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ǲ֪Ϊ־㾡Ҳơʳǰǳ裬浱ǽź͹ټҴյ׾𣡣ÿһͭУɶǴɵѪǮ
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֪ΪһشεϣÿҪӸɵҮԪǮ
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οͷû˵ȴϻͷ
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𣿡
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ֱҹ𰵣ĥȵǾ仰
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ǰܶﳤ̾һȴɢ᲻á
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Ǿɢˣ
ܶջ˾Ҳɲ١ȻЦǹ˹ӵһ⣬װ˷ġ󡯡
~
ȱӺȥĸ󣬾һˣҲ̫Сˡ
𣿡
Ȼǣƶ㣬ζ꣬𣿡
ԡν⣿
״̫ͣԭš
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ߣܶһӺҪ
ĳֻǸˣ湫£Ҳûʲô¿ھʦһչȭŰɣ
Ȱһۣ˭˵Ҫؾˣҿİף㻹

ܶһΣûô˵ġ
ȴվߣǴ㱱ϡȤ͸·ĸ󡭡ڱߣ
ϣ
ӻҪϣ֮µ̫ԭ͹ˣ豱ϣ
ΣȵԶԶ˭˵εģֻ§ݴӣһ˳ֵ¶־ڴˣ
գ
ܶﰵƷӣӷ㲻ɣ
һ˳֣
һ˳־Ͱε췭ظ

Զĺڰ֮Уƺȶܳˮ˶Իһ¡
ϣ
쵰СӻҪϣ
ϻȥĶ̫ԭؽǲǴ
๫һ
ԭոջģȵôһĹۣһӾͶûˡ
⵹ùӣҪҵ


454 Ұ
˵Ӷ·ս֮أΪսҪ塣ôӶ·ķݣҪеҪ壡
ӵͼϿݾһѲķ϶֮еļذףǵо
ͱⱣկõشеλãǡ
ＴģһʮǴɣĽ㡣
կʲôɽկһмѰߵķҲפڴˡ

ʱկһɽ֮УĹԼĶƴɡ
Ҿֻǵˣ
Ĺû˵
˵ﻰڹټּȺӪˣڻе㲻š
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׷ģȫ׼ʲô¶ġ
Ĺ۾һɾôȫ
ǣһȥɵӡ
Сģǻ֮ǰҾڱկǻ
ȵͷôЩ죬Ҫˡ
򶫱һͿԽɱ߾
ǡ
ͻȻֳǸ겻ɢͷɿЦ
λ๫ô죿


Ĺ㸸Ҳһӣ⣬ǿ˵
ðɣְƤ߻ظȡ
ͷ۵һĶͷ޺޵֪ˣͻˣ
ǺǡĹЦ
Ӧǳˣ˭ɵ¶ʵˡܲأ

ת˰죬Ҳûҽȥ
ߵοͷһͷҲһ̯ˣ
ȺһۣҪ̯Ҳأ
Ҫ̯ƹãõȵʱˣ
Ǿ͡ƽһҧǾǿڱկô
һ۶ҲƽļһóУѸйˣ
ԥ˰죬ȷһ˦֣¶׹⣬¶ģȥģҲУҲУҾͲţסأ
͵һ˽ȥһڻ롣
˻ûվͼﻹĺݾѸƵĵͷ
ڻ𣿡
ͳһڰɡ
˾̫ûڲˣĺݻĶȥˣ
ǣҲͦȣ˭Ҳûа
Ϊǵ๫
ʳˣ

һޡ֡ϵ
˭˵øУεʿõأ
ԴͷɽȾⱱϵ飬ֿˡ˭˵Ҳʹȣһ뿪ߡ
Ĺһ̫ԭȵֻһ·˷ݡǴӳ顢취⡣
ǡ
취ûۿԽԽȴǱ䱾ˡ
๫ɴʳȲɵͷͷͲԶˣ
ȲӲģӡ
ͳһڶɣ
ˣҪǰôôˡ
ͷһߣú˵
ɸһʳҡͷ漴ǻϾͳһɣƸ缱ġ
۾һɵѾͷٰ˵
һ
Լ˵Ҳڵ¶
һŤֱȣʲô¶
˵
˵ϷͲԣĴźӡʲô±ս󣡣
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Ҫʲôܰϣͷһĭӣ˭˭Ϊˣ
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ɵĿģ˹ټҺʦ޵ĸ֪
ǣ˽ɾޱ񡢴̵ͨô򵥣иΪԶǣ
Ϊһ³֮ǰ֪ġ
˵ģҪһ;Բ֪
ǣߣһãѴҪҵϢ©ȥôξڵĵ׼ڰǰ£ͭһôһˡ
ǲ˵ͷֺˡ
Ҳϸ˵ֻܸǹټģ
ټңЦһùټѹңټҲʲôԣȻҪЩʿã
ȴſǻټǶԵġ
ԲԲ˵㣬Ҫõһ֪¶𣿡
ɣҴĪĺô
ʲôôҲУǲɿڡôΰΣڲˣĺôҲУ
ôβأ
أ´ǵ־

ңĲУȿʼٺᡣ
ϷͱˣΣ
ˣβһޡ
Ϊӹ๫Ұˣ

ңң
οһָԼôҺ
ң۾Ϸ㿴
Ҳȥˣ¶׹⡣㲻˵ǷӾǷӣΪĿģҹ
˵꣬͸οʹɫ
ôһ°
οһۣãӲͷƤϰɣ
װģģҪȥ󡭡
һ飬ȵļƣǷ˺ݡ
˵򲻻й˰ɣ



455 
οҪе㾪첻쵰СӿʲôҸɡ
һɫб䣬аЦ
СģͲβ㣡
αأȹȻؿһ̯֡
ʵ˵ɣȥˣ˻ؾһӣֲû
˵⻰ãһĥˡ
ǣ
һޡ֡ϵķӣĳãԴιټҸ顣ǣӺƺûʲôɱ
ôˮûôţں๫߶

һУֹο޸ˣҪûˡ
ͷҪȥɲ𣡣
ػǻˡ
ȥɣ
ãȻҧȻס
ȥҲУҪӦϷ
һţ˵
սˣΪ
УһڴӦҲȥ¶ġ
ڶѾͷ¡
¡е¡
ɸ£
룬ĳһСȥϷܲסһŮޣܸȥգξš
֣ذһۡ
һȥƨ
Уȵš
Ҹ֤аΣѣܿ˰ɣ
һΪʲôôһСŮȥգ
Ҫ룬ɸһίȿڵ
Ҫȥġ
ɸֵصһۡĵʶôƸˣ

ȻŤֻͬ⡣
̾һȻƵ͸ȥɣȥɣڵСԽԽඡ
Ǹڰϻ㶨ˡ
գͳȡҹ֮ǰɾ
һ۾һ磡Ϸһ죬һ˵
Уϣ
һڴӦֻҪţҲһ졣
ǡ
ǣȻ
סﲻԾ籾ôƵİɣ
ңǵɣЪģɰɣ
ôɣߵҪϷɣͶ٣ĶסϷɶסСڴɸ㿴
ʲôʲôȲˣָԼıӡɡǣžˣ
ɤŶȻ
ЩʡĵģϷ򲻶ŵ֪ǻ᲻ᴳ˦ңûţ

ͷ۵ذУ
ҿһǰϰɡ
治а

ѲΧֻկ߾ǲȥġ
Ҳ˵߾ɢڷ֮кסΪˣְ֮ɵķΡ
ĹݸķͨϤ߾εȵ·ӱկ֮һΣҲ㰲ȣ̲ѲڵĶûϡ

ʵֻһͨã·ܶεˣȷ졣
Ϊ룬ȥɾ͵ɳˡ
ȵͷݻжԶ
ǴɵĽ磬֡ʤݣȻˣֱ߾Ҳˡ
ȵͷҲ
ɾ֮йͨǣȴҡˡ
ܶʶػͷһһǧĴʿ
ӡҪôɣ
ôһ̯֡ˣ㻹ţ
šܶҴ˵ţҲ̫˵ɣ

ʱǰ๫ȥһˡ
գ
ֱӾͱ˴֡һ֣޺޵زתͷеȥ
һߣһ߻ڱԹԸ
ЦĶĶŰɣ๫߶أ

߶ȻͬɣҲԸѹ󣬵ǣ۳žҪɾð
ɡҪǻȥɡ
ֱ۶ˣͰĳŰɣ
Ĵţôģǧ˵Ĵֶѡ
ǽ˴Χضûضء
ˣǴˡ
¶Ź֣
ڣֻʲôж˶Ŀ˷ˡ
˹룬̤˵أľᵽɤ۶ײؿں޲˶Ų
Ƶģ˻˺е㶯๫͵øųһ亹Ϊ˵̽Ѳ
ǳϵСѾͷһɵأʵˣʱʱÿĸ
Ͻ
浱СŮԼŮһ㣬ΪĽ
ٵŻǿɲŮһԴ



456 
һŻɸͷƤϾͷİɣɱûôء
£۾
Ϊ
˵㣬ܸˣ

ҲģȾٷ裬еףҲ˼ҵĵͷ
ߵļΪ٣Ĺ⾰Ҳ߳ĵؽ绹û
๫ĵľô졣
ǡ
Ҳĥζˣôûɱأ

ӪߵͦΣҲûһۼûеز
죬˵˵ĴѲأ̽ڶûϹ
ܲ
ʲôԽѲһ㡣Ҫɳı߾ϹײҲӦײһɣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
๫˵Ϸҹˣ̬ƣ˱߾Ͳʲô
ѵҪȰѴ˵ĳ򡢹ذ֮£˲ܲ
Ǻǣˡ
ȾǱŴɵĹسȥģ


ô˵Ǻ¶鲻
֮࣬е⡭
ڴɾغֱײĸоɲһлġ˵Ȼȴ̯ˣҲһˡ
Ȼ֮䣬һֱƣɵغһأҲ㹻һˡ
ǣ
һհʮ֣͸оﲻԡ
ΪȰӪ˴·ϣ·Уһ·򱱡
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ǳ˪˰ɽֶҴôߴ·ɱǲǣ浱ҺԺˣ
˵๫ûӳϵȥ
ǰʮϼأʱǾܹЪˡ

壬壬ϼأ
ɹسǣ
ӺҪɳϼأ
ˡ
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ӺƣƷӣ㵽Ҫʲô
ȴ㶵ؿųе㲻״
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޶һɶȤζ
ϻһ·ٺ٣ҾͲ㣡
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ۡ
Ϊӹ̲ס͵Ц̫ˣ⻹ðųô
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һ۶Щιȥ
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ˡ
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֮ʱ֮
ƷҪɹأ
ȻͳӪ׳ȥôûãӲǰص
ʱ๫ҴУ¡ˡ

Ҳݲãʮľգۼ
ȫڣǽɫܿǰԶһΡسǴɽ֮䡣
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˫ĿԲɣԽԽĹسǣѾ˼ˡ˵ӺƺְɣҪͱ죡
һặ£ߵ˼ҴɵĹس֮ûôֵġ
ɸ籾Ŀĵȫϳġ
ǣسžܼԼˣɸĻ˼ͷ
˷ֱܵ˳һ·Сǰȥ
Ȼͷһ̲ס˳һЦ
һ֣ɸϣ˳һʹͱϡǰںĶͬ
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ɸһͷû˵
ҡͷЦѾͷû˰취ߵ˸ɫ
⣬ӹһֻͻѣҲȼһһس֮±ȥ

ڳת³ֹȴţá
ֻƿڴ쵰һȺ쵰ܻŻȥϷҪϴ浹С쵰
ðɣǻزȥˡ
ΪѾȫһȫ䱸ӣǴ
ȥ
𰡣һƷӲ˵ôҪ򰡣
Ȼ󡭡
֪һҲˡΪ嵽¼׽˼ҿͻѸˡ
һҡΣĿ겻
飡
ԭһƬϼأ͵һʮѡ̨˲
ˣˣ˿ˣҲϷ򰡣
ĴִСһӾûôʧ̬
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䣡ѽѽ
šˣ
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ˮһսŻѡű˲سߡ
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ӵĻźţȲǰ
ôȥˣͷһ󣬾㲻Ҳٻʮ꣡
˵ǣȻǰӭУеӭеļƺòãűУûһ˿ɱ̻ô
ף

๫ое㲻Ծôֻһҡ
ɫͻѣ˻е죺
ô˹ΪǸСء



457 ӣҸƴ
๫ѾǾ֮ۼѷҲ󣬶ɱֻһŵĴҴһ˫һ˲˲ضųơ
ֻǣĻں棬ǸԽġˡһϣûУͣ
̫ԶҲ˵ʲôɻŽеʲôôͣˣôͣˣ
󣡶˵Ļ֮ƣ
Եʿ첻Цֻʹضż򣬳ǲס²ȣ
Ʒʵ̫ˣ๫ŵģղ´ڲˡ
ôǴԼĹسǣӿҲͨ顢˾ֱӴҲȻһ鷳
ǴɵľҪûõһӣĵز
˵һ˼ˣð輸죬޲ôأ

ǣô죬ɽû򣬷ˡߵӺǰһ̸Żͦȡ
˵ʲô
ֱߵĴǴҲ尡
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ֱɽѾǰڿˡ
˲ԽԽ
һ˹ı飬๫ָԽУ
Խ㣬ô
Խڿ֮ʱ׳˲٣ǰӡٺټЦųһ֣๫һ·ͣСڴ˹ʱˣ
ʱҪٿԾͷҸطȥˡ
֪ԼˣȴƫƫߣԴϷˣ
ɫɨ
Խֵȶһۣ̲סʵ๫ʲôأ
֪
˭֪ɨ˰ҲûҵʲôֵĶһѾ³ʣ
ӣϷƴˣ


ûסЦ漴һӣͷܡ
ʹ죡

˹˱ƼˣҲʲô¶ɵóġ
Ҳ֪Լʵڿɶ񣬲ųë֧ӦϽţԼѸ·ֳɸͬֱϼ¡


ٶɱһλһ˺ṫӣڳ¡
磡磡ޱ㣡
ȰͣȣɸѾɴ˹ȥ
ޱҲǼſ˫ۣӭɸ硣

ҡͷ룬ɸ⼸ǿ֣Ȼȴǣұ˾ѡǰᡢҲֳڵҲ̲סˡ
ǰôվţ顣

ɸ˵ޱþӵڱϣ簮طõĳоʪ
ˣҲˡ
ʮˡǴˡ
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Цݸοɸ֮ǰȷҪʡ˲֪١
УȰôǶԵġ
õļתǰֳҾ
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һһۡ
ôԽԽȥˣʲôϵЩûõģ
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ѵתȣһЦʲôӦý÷򣿻֣
ðɣλӻǰ㲻ŵ
ɸһ¾ͺˣֵбһۡ
ûء
ҲǾִٵ㵹һû䣬ڱӶҪƤ˰ɣ
Ц᲻ŵǺʵڵ⡣
ޱһɸǽߵӣ֪˻ûһǻ
̬صһۣǵģǣҲ̵ס

ͲɵŮˣȻеµģ治ҽӡ

ʱԽο˹Ҳе˹س֮¡
ʱ๫ѾƽֻһӵĻȴûطڳֻǿûȴǶݺݵصһۡ

ֵܡ
ˣֶǼˡ
οˣû¶һֺ׳ֿѱӣֻȵĻء
мǸͷе档ɻؿȣλǡ

һʱʱûͷȥ
ϳй࣬ⴺ๫
๫
ֵܣޱһ
üͷһߣôѳϵ˴ˣ



458 
ǵֲԶֲȴС
۾һ˵ôأϵ˻ˣλɹӵӡҲȻǲ˼֡
һεػصͻ״պϸ˵
ǡֹ
ģԼˣɣ

һ˵ǡԼˡһ¾˳˲١ذԵͷСӻʶ࣡
ǣһ仰ֲûĻš
ֲֻһ䡪
ңǸ裬˵Ҳ㣬Լ

ƷԱõ֣裡ˡ
λǡ
ޱôҽǣûأ޺޵ؿǰ⼸ܼҺӡ
ûһʡĵģ
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ޱֵһ㶣֪λ๫ôôĻ
ȿЦû¶ʹСԶأǵġ
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ȴԼӻɵصͷš
ͷһסɸСֶѵСȳͿѾͷǰʲô
ɸһͷ֪˳Ҳ磬Сһǰߡ
ղգҷϽǡ
صͷ˵һ䣬ΪɾҪСģӿɲ룬Сİץȥѹկˣ
ͨ
ԣһ򡭡
վΣ̲ͷһۡ
˵ʲôأӣôŪĸŮƵģ
ͷҲ̫Сˣ

֪ԼǵĻæԲֵ
ߣۻûɶˣ

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źסʳȵ˺úϢˡ
ǡ
ôȺúϢ߶һҩͰӺ汦ء
ھȡ
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˹أҲ̤ʵǴɵĹسǣξǣһʱҲһɳ֪
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ɺþ뵽ʲôɫһڡ
ԣС쵰֪֮ȫһ·ͨ;ϼ£
ȷ׼
ðֱˡ
˵һ·ôô˳Ѳڶûϣԭƺ˵ġ
С쵰ǲ˶֪Ϸڹ

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޷죡޷죡
ͷˣûô˵ġ
һЦⲻżϻ
Ʊ磡ڵҲ˵ɰ׵ġ㲻˵żϻ𣡡
ٺٺ١Ҳˣͷȥɡ

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˵ˣе㲻ȵǹӷ辢
Ϊˡ
Ϊе¶ܸ˵ǲ˵ͱȻǴ¶ֵĴ¶

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װģһ̾ټҲ๫֪йټҵ⣬๫αػҪ׷ʵأ
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ټҵϷ֪¹شΰΣϷͲò׷ˣ
ðɡҲû̧ͰŪˡ
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ӣ˽һ㣬Ϸƴ
ΪһȻءᶨءء˵ˡ
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ԣȻͷ
γ˺ԶһС֮أսǣЩս²ϣԶ֮Ϊսͣ͡ԣڹټҼһȶսԵ
ɡԸ⹩ҳսһ˹ӡ
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Цһɳ͢ȻûôģǣǴɹˣ
뵽ǽǵһŮ
ǡ
ʵ๫˵ɣǰСӵһ֮ʱѾӣ˲֮еͻ̨Үнá
һϲɫ
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Ը⣡
ɻǲ԰۾˼㽻ãһˣôð˽ս
ȵ๫֪ɳΪ˲ΣۺȨ꣬ʵͲ統꣬𽥱ҮһԵˡУΪصĵԵƣͻ̨ҮΪҡٲѰ·ҪҮһ̲ˡ
˵ĿɲǼٻ˵ģޱĸסͻ̨ͷɳֻ֮һɵмְ֪Ѿʲôز
Ҳǽ֮֮Խǣߣߵһġ
ˡ
ð˴գ˽ս
սó׵ĵߣͷ治Ǹ
˵ͷ治װ



459 ã
ܸ֮£ֻսˡ
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ֻԲսӭԣһزƹֻܲȡƣ
սӦξ˵ģ֮ͲòΪӪ޵رµķˡ
ȿ˰˷ֵı飬µ⡣
įֺȳһ
ֻ
Ȼˣһ벻ͨ˵ùȥӪʲôҪ

εĸоôƹȥˡ
ڶһ磬ɸϰԵظź๫ϴ
˻ϴˮ˳ȥν΢
ֻɸһ硭
һϴˮģ۾ˣ˵һôͲˣԭ˵ˣ
ҲۣƿڴҵӺưչ˵ͦãȴǳǵʹѾͷ
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ѽأϴŮ˷ûʹŮҾһТģôˣ
˵ֹƸʲô£ûʹҡ
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룬ɸһС죬֡
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˶һۣǿЦѾͷûϸĸ֡Тġܲζ
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ǡļҵĺӣͻ̨Ү
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˵ǡԼˡ;ò׽Ū֮ġǡ
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һ֣ԴǫѷȴӲúܣ
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๫һ£Ȼ֪Ǻ֧˴
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磿磿
๫ֲˣɶ˼ʶϵһ㣿
ָɸ㣬ʲôˣ
һ֣๫еǸҪԶһġӡ
һָã
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ɸһֵصһ磬Ϲ˵ʲôƸ鷳
ǰɸһ⣬ĪҪ𱸣
Ȼ
ܣõһߡ
ݲֻһŮ𣿸Ǽɻʳ𣿡

εһȣûӻ
ǰ
˵һͷ˵ȥˣͫ𽥷Ŵ󡭡
ǰʱƷڴɡ
ֲɵ²ô¶
Ҳ˵ӺưݵŮܡˣ
ӣ
ζŽһҲãֱСԺһ߳壬һŭ
ӣӣ
Ϸ
жң
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ĵһ죬ûˣ
췢ģûˣ

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460 Ԫ
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˵ˣǴɣ͵͵һȦУ¶ɾִˣ˭ûô
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ǣȺԽһۣʲô⣿
򰡣Խ˼ͷһΪҪӪһأ
ɸƨӪһܶˣϼأ¶ˣҶǰȥҮԪһᣡ

㣬˵ɶԽͶ䣬ΪԼˡ
У
ȱ˵׿òɵĿһڻؾ
ɸҲǼеƸ磬ȥ


461 
ҮԪɱ֮ԼȥҮԪȥʲôֱ
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ǡӵһʧعɾİ¶ˡ
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Ҫǲһеļڱ𣬻ܵȵ죿
ô˽ͨӺϮɱӵ鶶ȥˣ

֮ضɽˮʺнʱͷεһɽϣҮԪãȻ
֪ΪΣͻȻŹء
ϿȥŹأ
꣬ſڹǸ޵УǸˣǴŹɣһ·ɱϣЩƴӴжȥġ
죬ҲΪһճ
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λ֮ģ꣬ŵʵ۵Ļ֮һӵֳȻʵ۱ҮԪûҪԼʵۡ
ǣĴ֣ȴΪ˽֮
ȻѻλܵܣΪŪһ̫ܵͷȻ˻̫ܣԻλ㽣Ϊγ
ڣǸֵֻ֪Ļ쵰ֶӷȥ
Үϣְϣߣֵ֮ڻȨԴݻ١ȳҮԪĴԹޣҪ˶һ˼

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ҮԪǣѲ֮ƽ׵࣬ԴǱߵĲٰ֮ͣ͵ɾϢȥͲֲ
ֻҪҮɣͿԽ¶ˡʱ̬ͲǻʵܿƵסˣͻ̨˽಻ܶûлȹ̴λ

ʱת˲ţҮԪİǧҲ˳֮¡ֻǻûվȽţǰӾ˵ӣ˵ҪҮԪһ档
ҮԪһ˭
ޱڴ󶨵Ĺܼҡ
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ԽѵǰҮԪʱ㣬ת㣬տǸҲǴ֮ʼ벻ȫһ֮䣡
ޱĬˣ𸡲ؿʾţ˿̲ƽ
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ԽıӰþòοߣʹǹģ
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ɤҵŮ˲٣ȡ
ʲô
ǴζɣȻǶŮ鳤
˵ôأοŤˣ𣬶¶ҲǺ¶



462 öӻһ컯
ҮԪйس֮£ֻųصĹڸ¸һ
ǸɱǧӺƣôš


ҮԪƵһͬʱдǰ
һ簵ҹһֱȾ˹ȥ
سϵ˶ͷһۺ죬˵ľǴ˾
ȥͲתȥˣ
ǡ
µȴǲΪôǱֱڴУӭҮԪĵһ
ۿҮԪգۼȻʹԽ˶©һġ
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һȣҮԪȲĵطһ±Ӧ𣬷һĳ˻Ȼһڵϡ
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ȵѲߡҮԪˡ
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ҮԪĵ𳤵ŷֱȾۿҪ촦ȴǷâһա
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ΣγֽԲܾȻɱ֮ҮԪܻش
ñǰһᣡ浱Ҳɱ㣡
ɫ˻֮ȴһǣϢɱңԻ̫ܵ¿ûһô

ҮԪһͣȴǱһ˵ʹ
أ׵ٿԸο֮飡
ЦĸΪҡͷ½Ϊӱɣ
㡭Ԫ
ȼ򣬵һǴŴٳ£

ҮԪǰɱӳˣǣΪ˸Ҫ飬ȴƫƫΪӱ

ûȶ˵ȴǹŴ춯
ҮԪʶؿȥüͷһ壬ޱ
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ԥãҮԪջش󵶡壬Ҳǰһ
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ˣ⻰ޱ˵ġȰٿһȻȥɡ
ޱȻһЦʲôɿǵģ޷ƣҺͷҮ游̾飬һģ
ȵûһƾɸݣ˲˵Ҹûġ
ޱҡͷʲôģ˭ܱ˭ѽԼñˡ
˵ţƹȣҮԪȥһߣһߵ˵ҾһҲû˵أ㻹Ҹ˵ȥɣ
ҡͷ˵ϧǸŮˣжһۣ

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ʹޱ⻰ҮԪûֱӻشȣȴָޱ
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ȴȻһЦű߼ʵһ䣺
׵࣬ôʹ˰ǧ£


463 ˣ
ҮԪеȵ˼·˵ؼСȴһתİǧȥˡ
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˵ĵȻһû˵ܵǧ£ǽ͡
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УһڴӦ
Ҫ٣
»ȥͿȥݵȺһ֮ڣʱȻλ


ҮԪɵˣޱˡ
һ򰡣ķ֮һ˰գ
ոգޱ˵ǮĻʵΪ֮⡣ǣȱǸޱ췴ˡ
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ıȶϳðĿɲҴɣǴڰɣӴԲţ
һЦ˵ģ
Ȼģɲңôܲû٣ԣҮԪŲš
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ӺҪȶģƾʲô
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ҮԪ˵ֵǮȸȾƳ⣬Ҷܣȫһ֮䣡
һָޱ񣬡ͻ̨Үʮʤ֮ǰҲǾСǣ߷֮ûģвӦһҲǿԵġ
ҵĳ⾡¶ڴˣǵϵʱˡΪУΪѪޣһ컯

һ⣡ҮԪֱȡҪʵң
뽲
ҮԪȦ΢죬ΪʲôҪȡС֮ܣ͸ı֪ɱ棬ΪλҪʹɱ֣
һ̾
Ҳ¿֪ƾʲôнյĳɾͣ
ƾʲô
ƾǡֲ֪ҵ

ҮԪӦһ֣ڣ磬۽Ϣǣǣ
԰գޱߣ޻ͷ

ֱʧڹس֮УҮԪڳ˼
ֲ֪
ȷ֮ǣʱ˵ء
ΪʲôҪ˵һ仰أ
˺ܾãҮԪ͵һؿ˰׵һۣתͷﳾȥ
кܶ£ȥ



464 Ʒӵԭ
С쵰Сӣǲǣ
һֱȥ·ϣסָȵı
һҮԪԴһȣԿǾ͵ðң
İɣͣ϶ῳġ
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ܵģӺһ㲻ɣ
ĵûˡ
ô˵ɣû֮ǰҾ֪ҮԪضңһܡءļ
Ϊʲô
ΪҵǮƶ۽򸮵Ļֵ꿪ˣҮԪٴҲ᲻֪Ǯľң

һеĹؼ벻סҮԪһӱôݳ˵̿ԼƤӵ£ó˵Ǯ
ⲻʲôֶô򵥣˵
ҲС£һղסô죿
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ԭ˷辢ӺƣӵĿ£

ƹӡһỽȴޱ
ɷ³һСŮм仰ӽ󡣡
ǰһޱ̫ʱˡ
Ƶľ꣬ͷ߶
УһѰ˻
ʲô˵
˵ţָȵıӵڿʼٲаϷ򣡡
ˣƭˡ
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๫˼ǡ
ﵱͨˣӺ߶Ǹεյѡֵܣ˵ǲֱ˴ˣȫΡ
ң㿴ģӴɳʱľɼͣν֮ٵУӺƳƵѵˣ޲ԸȫȫţҲ֮ЯΪʲô
ΪӺơ塯ֵȣӲѡ
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ӣޱɵӲҮԪܹ£
ҡͷ
ǲãǱذܣ


465 ¾㱸ֻȱ
ذܣ
ޱˣ㻹֧֣
ȿЦҮԪˣӮ𣿡

ޱ񰵰׿ϣҮԪѶϡҲ治ܳµˡ
ҡֵһǮĲӮṇ̀
ޱȻԹӲҼǣУ
ǰɣ㣬ֻҮԪиеףĻȻңһҮɺԿͻ̨ҮԿɾ䡢۶һ̵ôġ
˵ݶϣޱĴô벻ͨ
ЦտЦл⣡Ҫڳȥݺڡ
йѣСŮأ

ޱ³бۿȣ浱ѣ
۾һ˵ҵƣ˵Ӿӣ
ŶΪβ˵ʵҮԪɲһܣ
֮ռ˴ķ֮˰գ֮һ˿ڣ
ҮԪ㹻ЩɾͶң֮չأѹҮԪ˵һͳɣ͢Σȴǲѡ
ȺٺһЦҲ룬ôһҶ󣿡
һ٣ɶ˼
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474 Խ
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ţɱڽˡӵһѹŲӳ֣ٵս۳ɺҲֻת˲֮顣
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ǧģǸ飬֪ؾ֮󣬱ָ˾ҲһǸ˸ԣ

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лᣬ˵룬ߵԶЩȥǴε׳ɽ
ԣ÷̣Ŀϲ棬𣿡
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Ȼ˳ѵģһˡȻôƴ
ѾӦǨʮġΪʮ˿ڣʹôߺȣ
Ե¸տıҲ׷ʣ㵽ֹԼ˺͸ʹиˡ
ͷٶ˼Ү
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ʦǸ𣡣
˭֪㳯ʵʳԣѻλӣǻ̫ܣΪؼʱ̣ʦһԣ
ǱЦ㣬ڡϣݾս
ɡҡһս
˼ҮһȻؿԵ¸ա
ͷôôĻ
Ⱥֱ졭
˵ϻ治˵̡˵ˣոڸͺ޹˼ɡ
Ե¸ʱ˼ҮһۣûõĶһͷӾͰųʦ
˼ҮǿװӲ
ҴԻҲòģϳҳһս𣿡
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˼Үһ仰Ͱסɵ⣬㲻˱ӺҳΪҲұУ
ŶԵ¸װУô
˱ǲңʹһϹ򣬺ã

˼Үҭ˵үһĿǣʡʡɣûõġ
һתǲƴôţҲ޹һӱɣ

˼Үһ٣޹ʣһ̫ܹᣬȻԴ
Ե¸ҡͷֻҸܵͷǣαץһӲţ
ǮǱҮԪģɺã

үɣ
һżг


493 һǲ
Ե¸շˣ
Ҫ֪һ䲻ҪȴǱӵء
Ե¸ʲôݣο̫֮
ɳǱҪǰֵϣݣ͵ڳˣǴγ͢Ϊ
ڴߣү̲ͬãʵ̫̫֮ˡ
̫֮˹᣿Ϊ룬˹ӵˡ

ԣԵ¸һ䡰ǮҸҮԪġʱýԾһĳ佫㿴ңҿ㣬ƶʧȥ˼
øǾгүɣ
Ե¸Լȴ򶨷ǳ
ûʲôɣµģǲһ
üˣûô֮ǰں³̲һ
ҪǣԵ¸̫ˡΪƴɿȻҪȴүΪԼ룬ҲΪ밡
ƽ˥һʱ˵Ϸԣλɵ棡
ùܲôˣΪɡ
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Ӻȷ޹ϵͨΪβأ
˼ҮаԸ糣㣿ƾʲô㣿
үտڰƾ޾ݣΪţ

Ե¸տ˼Үá

˼Үһ졣ֻСθҪү
Ե¸ҡͷԵüΪмһĲ͵ˣ
˵ţӴ֮һ͡
˶һøһü
үϵҺֹһˡǵͷϳͷͷж
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Ե¸ֻһ仰˵һͷ˲ɣϵ
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Ե¸һЦȻǸֶּòʵ֤ǲ֪ͨɸΪԼ˵Ļ𣿡
˵ŰѾƿ˼Үǰһƣһ˺һڣ




494 ֵ
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ﶼʶسһʺţӺƵ·ôÿҲˣ
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㻹֪ǱȣԵ¸͵ıö˶Ĥۡ
ǴεүȴҪΪһ֮ͨ»סȥ壬ȴɲģұǣǱң
Ե¸ĿΪ̫֮ȴҪڴߡ˵ñңԴΣڣ
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495 
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ǣԵ¸֪⻰˵˵ˣõһֹ
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ȱʹ֮ʱһɱ۵ķӡǲ֪飬ᱻǴҵѳ
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񡢲ܾԽһװ䳤Ҳһض˵ʹݡ
˶ǰϵһТ籣ѩ׵βںַ

죡
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һɵʹǰ˺ͨһԵڵϣȻǲ߲ݼն
ͷԵڵأȴܵؽߺ
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496 ޹
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޲ۿӺƳһָ˳ʹݡ
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ѩվã׿ʵۣĬĬץסȵĸ첲һ˿ο
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497 н
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ãǰǰͨʹӢĶӡɸ֡
ɸɵʱɴв⵹ù
ҮɵҲ࣬ȿˣЮһ·ǳɡ

ͬǣô֮ûʲôϵֻЩҲ̫С
ǣҮɵȴԴ˽¡ÿڣȶ˸ȥһЩʺƷҮɵҲǾཻ
̲סҮ游ӰɵΣԼɲӡϹӰ
ɱ˵̫磬ҮɵϾҮһ֮ˡ¹Ү棬ʱһѡ
ҡͷ·ģҮɵĵܵҮɵݲͬǸˣȨı
аڹؼʱ̣һԣ


498 
δ£µͨʹ͵ˡ
Ӵ˴ҲѿҮ游ӵǱһ⼼֮ŭŵòᡣ
ɻͷһ㱻ˡ
ҮɵΪ˼Үͨʹεĵһ£Ȼͨ͢Ҫ׼Ҿ͸ˡ
ǡ
岩ԹæϾӼΪɣһƣͲ
ҮɵǸûţλʵڻɽأ
ðɣҮɵͲȨıرθˣ۲ͷ
죬ʹξҮ游ӡ
ĺ²ңǲݰ˸ƨɣ
ͷϣ͢ˣλȴȡ

ɳʹǰȳͨ
˵ʹλȶӶֱתһǰӳʹݣ˵棬ǰͨʹ˼Ү͸ˡ
ڣ˼Үʬ˻˴ɣԴȴ˴Ρ
ż죬λôֹˣȻͨ
ûһŶ˳
һȣٺЦˣ㰡ôôнڣ
ȻһЦߣ治أطˡ
Ц룡
Լס
ү顭
һ֣ᣡ޹أҺ˼ҡ
ҡͷҸʱ䣬ȥ˼ɣ
ƽȣҲڰ
ڵľƣϣҲּɡԣһȴӦá
û˵Ҳȥڲܡ
أ
ˣĶڷ£

ߣһǶԸʱǡǣǣ˭Ը
ȵͷҲǣΪˡ߰ɣȥˡ

޲ɣȷֿĸ£ȷʵҲûʲôɵġ
ȵҮɵסֻŽգһ㶯ûС
˲
ǵõŶ֪Ҫ
ҡͷЦվԺУŷžͺˣأãҪն
һȣҹ

ˡҪߡ
۵һˡ
ǶδҮɵȴһ޲ȵı顣
ôʹ·ƣôҵͲУ
ͨʹ񫣿ҲҪһˣ
ȸ
˵ﻰҮɵʺͨʹҪҷԲĲ¡
֮˵ܰҭοǻ治ϵ棿
ʱҲƽЩʱ򣬡أ˿⣬һ
𣡡Үɵţۡ㻹ң

ðɣҮɵŪӰˣػӺմߵ¶ûһǺ¡
һΣӰʹɡյ۽򣬾ͺҮԪӴһܡ
ڶΣȻΣ׵ذ˴Ү³
Ρ
Σֿ˼Үȴʰ̯ӡ
˵ǺгأҮɵԽԽ㻹Զ㣬˵һܶꡣ

ȾؿйͶ
ͶҮɵһɶ
ֻȻʹӰһѡ
һӣģǹ죬ӡ
Ǹɶ⣿
Цûɣ
Ц⣬ȥ죬˵۳£ȽŻˡ
Үɵһ۰Ķӡ

һ䣬ҿɸ㣬ˣĳľǴɣĪҪµĹϵ

ʱֻۣǵϴȥǺӲ꣬ƨɺȥ󡣡

ҮɵȦ죬ȻȵĻ˵¡
ȴҲվˡ
ȷŹӣʱ˵Ҳͼˡôǰһרȼ֮õӣ빤һѡ
ǰ֮ӹȥǳǵ£Ҳ͵ˡ
ãˡ
Үɵۼֲȱӡ
ⲻһӣˣԼ͵Ǹӻˡ
ŶҮɵһɡ
ȵţԼԡ
ҮɵŰɣȥһԲҪ
ͦ档
ӿȥͦأʵϾɷǳ
Ӷȫִ죬ʵáȦϰţƤֻмֵԡԭţƤ滹һţȻӺǻ˼ġ
һӾǰת䡢ʮɡȻϲ̨ףƽλȴһⶼûУȷʵá
ҮɵҵʵȻȱӵȡۡǣ̧ţԼȥĶȥĶȴ¡ڲм֮˿ɱȽŸҪ
վСĵ
ˡ


499 
ˡ
˵䣬Үɵζӳ¡
Լӵ˶ӵȣ󶨳УһΪԼͷǣһԶˣȴžһ⡣
һ̾ˡ
ҮɵͷҲףȿӡ
óλɡ
еҮɵһ٣ף԰
ָȥ졭˵ģ
ô˵ģѵɣ
Ⱥһۣ̲סЦˡ˵λķ仡е㳤ôˣŷӦ
ôʱʱͨţ׼ɸ׸
ɵ¶ȻܸҮɵ
ţҮɵɵɨ˶˰졣
ǲй
թ˳󶨼ţ
ӣҮɵƶ⼸꣬ԶԼߵĽ
ƽȵ¡
˵ɣǰ£
Ҳ£ҵʲôˣʲô¶ûУˡҲ̸顣
𣡣Үɵò׼Ÿ¶ģ㲻̸̸
ȵҹʲô¶ǰ
ƨҮɵЦǰӾؤˣ
ֵܾ͸׼ϳ
Ȼһ̾ɲҪĵطġ
ɫڲǴҪôǴִ˴ǰǱôĿĶģ
Үɵ˵ȣҾɽҲӡ
ȵθڣ˵޷
㽻ʵףҳֻ¡ֻҪϳܴӦһж˵
ζЦ
һ˼Үͷҳ
ڶγ
û˵ӦҲû˵ӦʵأԸ⸶ʲôأ

ҮɵĬˣò׼ӦӦһ͸Ӻưʲôˡ
ǣһͲǲҴŵˣ
Ӻơ
˼Үͷ޵еź
ڳ
Үɵһҧɼң
޶Եӣּһ䣬˵ҲҪˣ
ɲɫȴڲסЦ
ΪƽϢô˱Үɺ˵Ѫ
ĺǣιҪ߰ʮˣһֱּ֮ԶҲβԶôš
غãǲôԼڣˡ
һ˼Үͷܺ޵еĺе壬һϡ
ֻǽͷһ޷ܾˡ
ҡ
һ򶼲Ҫˣ˵ǶԸѾʲôӡ

ܼ򵥣ֻҪɵ̬ƣܴ򲻴򣬶Үɺ˵ġ
ιء
ǣôأ
ֻļ£ݡŹء·
ǣˣɵ±Ԫ˧ҮԪ
ֻҪҮԪʹְرʵְȨǾҸҮи壬λ׸˭
ԣҮɺǲƴ۵γֻдγλ̤ʵ򡭡
Σӣ

ǣ˵ܴӦܴӦ𣿴ܴӦ
ܣ
ľ棬Ե¸ġ

Ȳ˵ҮɵȴǼˣвУ㵹Ǹ仰
̧ͷУ
źԻȡ֮
ңҴεүǵֵǮö࣡
գ
Үɵ˵˰죬ֵܣģƨǡ
ôǿֵܰ١Үɵɥ˼Үͷңܽɣ
ȲӣʵȻأ
ҮɵһʲôȻ󣿡
ֽ˲Ȼأ
ȻҮɵһҭסˡĥ˰죬ŵȻôϽشɣƵطһ춼
ȥٴЦȥǸѪҮɺܶж£
ȥ͵ֵܣǵĸҮѵػյķ⣿
ȥӱϵȾܽˣ
㡭Үɵ۾ҡ
ҭһ仰˵ˡ

ͷӺƵĻģô᲻֪Ǹ֮ʲôӣ
ǡ
˵ûǣҮɵܶԲɣ
֮⣺Ҳܺʹۣͬɡ
˵Щ޷ʹȳԡ
ǣȵĻشΪ⡣
˭Բˣ
Үɵ̧ͷ㡭
Ȼûб˼㿪սӲܣҳһԶ
һ¡ΪѣֻѴ֡
ʲô
λǻĻʵۣҲζûüֵ

ֻһֱҪһֱмֵ֮
Үɵû̫ɲʾ
ҡͷȴǲ˵ˡ
ԼҲˣȻȥˡ
˵꣬ҲҮɵĻᣬתߡ

ҮɵؿȵıӰʲô˼
Цɵ˼ǡ
˳ûôǰ첻ȴĪĺô



500 ҵףӢ̨
µĻʵ⣬ֻҮɵһʱûӦˡ
һŵı
Үɵ˵Үѵһ֧ڵݡӢңҹڣҮ游ӱܣȻͰҹˡǣһڼϾͻǰӵһߣ࿴һۡ
Ψһֱţһֱ򲻳ǶԸӲŲҹŻһֱҹĴڡ

ɳʹݣûֱӻԺǹ˸䣬ȥ˿⸮صԺʱƻ衣
ûߵƼС¥ǰԶԶؿɸԺɽ·Ȼڵ
ȣɸСܼӭ
Ƹ磬Ҷûңûᵽң
Ƶ⣬ʵȶ岻졣
ûᡭ
ûᣬǲ鷳
Ŷ
ɸʧ֮ԱֻСֲһ飬ͷߡ
ȰЦһҲû˵
Ȼڿ⣬ȴΪĬûҪϰǼ档ɸҲֻʶĽȴȫûһʶûʡ
ǲںǶ롣
ҮԪ⵵£ټ֮ǰһֱ紫ûöǲеʱҡϾڲ֪ж˫۾һթٱǶ˵ľѩϼ˪ˡ
ǣǲᣬȲš
ڣ׿ˮϴ
һϴţһ߶ĬĬɸþȥһֵţʱӣǰһ
ɸһϲ֮һ
Ҫˣڲܸ鷳
ȺҲ˰СϹһ£Уû׻ô֪꣬š
ɸʹƤ˭Ҫ㻤
Ҳ˵ӻͳһͰˣȥɡ
ɸɵش뺣ʲôѽ
Լ֪ˡ
̧һɸЦ춼ϲˡ
ó⣬
ֻдţ
ףӢ̨֣죬С
᣺Ϻϣ³
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磬ò㡢
һſ⸮ǩġ֤ҪŮװ
ôǡ
ɸе㲻ףôôһ֣
ô
ȷܣ̫ۡ
ǣҲа
ûӦ
Ӧ
ԲˣǸҪ̫ϸڡ
ðɣɸˡ
ǣ𣿡
ʲôеģɷµصˣɹٵҲͲעˡʱֻҪȥʹݣֻڷ¥һֵȴӦò˲ɡ
ǡɸܰ𣿡
û¶ȴֵص㣬ʱɡ
װأ
ˣһͰ磬ܵװɣ
һŶ
Ū飬˸ðһͷˡ
ɸһۣǻô磿
ð죡
»ѵסȣתͷԾ׿ȥңǰС·ͻһס
ɸ㴩ġңҲŲҪ
ȷŰ򣬡˭˭ң
룬׿ȴ봩ҲûССĲܴˣ˭ȥĨˡ
죬ܼǶզһ
˵һ룬ȶסˣ˵ˣ
԰ÿ߼㴩˵ģ˵ȥĨ
˵ģĨ
š
öͷһչȥҪȥɣ϶ڡ
̫̫ˣֵǮȻ˷ѡ˵Ĩʵʮ֮˾ˣԺܻá
̫̫Ÿһ˼ûܡ
׿Űɵȥˡ
Ȼûû·
ʹ׼ɻ̲סֱ졭
ûǴ⼸ڵݿʱ·Ȼڡ
ҲܲôˣȰ·ɸ磬¥ھͻϣҳ񡣡
Ը׿١
ɸ޷ֻñ·ȥˡ
¥˰ʱż¥ǰһ
˵Ҳǡ˵ǰɸ磬ٲȻһڽ˫
·Ȼһ㣬ɫʽ򵥣ɸϵ˷۰׵СԺķ񲻷ŵȴ˵Ĺȥ
ɸΪ˰񣬻˰ȡ
һı顣Ūػһһǰɤӵ
ѧףӢ̨ˡ
ǣȲһˣģҲ¶š
Ŷ
ɸίذӽ˾׿
ɨ˼ۣ󶨸ǰ˵˾ɸҵطȥĻ
Һƽ˵㣬Ȼһ۾Ϳˡ

ɸɫڵľͺˣ˼ǹ
޺һţͷܻ¥ϣٲH֮˶˵һ䡣


501 
Ҳһʱû뵽ɸˣһ϶û˵һ仰
ڶһ磬Ǳ˪һСźò׻һΪȥ磬ֻװ
緹ʱûסˡ
ɸǰˣ̫˿զ죿
㡭
ɸĲ۵ͷϡ
ͽӣ

˭ǵͽӣ
һֹסȻϷɸ˼
̧ͷһüͷšһ顣
ұȥûմ㡣
СáԺͷ۵Ǹùӡ
Ɀѧҵ͵û
С˵һ˵ȥˣŴ۾һ˲˲ضɸ硣
λǡ
ۡ
׿̲סЦˣٿǹ𣿡
Сǰ˴գ˰ϳһһէؽе㣡ôô
һۣ⵹ùӱѣԺô꣬ϵֶţԽԽˣʮˣһ㡰ӶûС
Ҳ˵ȷꡣ㣬һϵģʲô
СðһۣԸƵģǡ
˵Żʶͷǡףأ
ʲôˣ˵˺һģ۶
СҲˣɨŵ⣬ղŻأ
ԺУ˰죬źҵˡ
㣬ôȥվ

⣬Ȼźһ޴ӡ
һЦô
ҡɹ̫
ЦŨжźɹ̫ģһ֮Ҳˡ
ǸһԺɸЦһʱ˷磬ԾͶˡ
ɣ
޴ͷ
ù緹𣿡
ҡͷ
ãһ𡣡
ȰýС¥׿ɸһæ񡣸ִٻ񣬼˾ͽǶ
ɸ׿˸ɫȻһЦҺ;ԺˣһҪǣ¥ȥ׼ˡ
˵ţ˾ͻ¥ϣѿռȺ͸
Ŷ¥һֻǲ䣬ʱ΢΢˷ǿɰЦ
Ⱥ˵Ĺϵ֪һЩġǣһ뵽Ҫֲ֪Ӧദˡ
ǸĹǴûԵר

ӹȵݹ꣬ʵôװ
ѽСøãԼԼ˲ʳһװ¡
㲻˵ҶˣôŮװˣ

ҪСʣǲģиڣȴǲһˡϾ˹ϵ⣬Щ²
ǣԾǰȥ븣ϸ˵һ顣ǣûֱ˵ǿֻ˵ɹȥʹ֮еĹˡ
ô˵СġǸȴͬһ¾ɸݡвûȡ黨ǲݡһƸܰ˴Ƥ´ĸо
ǡ
ǣСûص㣬ȴһΪĹؼ
ǾǣŮװĽˣӺƻŪһ˵ݡ

̫ˣҲҪҲҪСûš
Ҫʲô
ҲܣСýеҲҪһװ档
ҲҪ黧˵֮һףּһ䣬еģ
ңһȥ
Сһ
۾һ֪ɱң
ҵСһת㲻ھȥҵȥԻơ
ۣ
ֱӾˣſ򸣿㣬㣬˵ҿûС
УСýСӣҶ綼˵ˣȥңȥ¥øǮġ

һֻȥԷĺ飡ʲôûɰ
ʵ̲סЦܵȾСŪðٿĪ档
ȽΧСþͷŹɣֻԾء
дޣùﰡ
˵ˣССԴ룬ҲУ𲻴Ӧ
Цſȣ͸ŪһŰɣýСúþûˡ
ȱǴˡ
Ҳʲô¶˿⸮ãֻһ仰¶

СõȵĳŵǿģʱҲû˼ԷҲû˼ݡˡ
Ǿ˵ˣȥҲඣ
˵ţܡ
ֵܳ˻װŴ˵ЦЦصС¥˰ɣ
һ죬ԼǣʵǰͲء
˵꣬Ҳ˵Ļᣬһ̵ûӰˡ
㡭
СõıӰͺ͸͸ġ
ѾͷΪ˵
Ƚӵ٣ǲ֪ѾͷɱȲ۶Ƿö࣬ˡ
šСӦš
ֻȶˣһΧһͬ緹飬ûйġ


502 ĿĴﵽ
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ǹīȥһ衣
Ȼ飬ɸһһȴæǰæӣ֪ΪΣо
аЦ
ڲࡢƷ裬ҲʧΪһҸǱææҡ˼ǰң
ȥ𣿡ûͷûԵðһ䣬˵ȴǺˡ
ǰĹģ˻ɽﶼûȥ
ӵ
ȥûȥģǣ֪϶бĻ
ţ㽵ǵĹȷʵǸõط
жã
շƽɳǡʱȥϹ硣
ãŹ⣬૳
ʲôã
طãʫҲá
ǣǣлȥ
š
ʱ¥ϴһӻعѲŵǰ
ңȻȥˡ
һʲôĶǴţ
ңˡһ
ʵ¾׿֪˵ʲô
ŸȥıӰȿЦҡҡͷȥ顣
ǣȴôҲȥˡ
׿ɸ¥һֻڿ飬ɸʵأ
ȥˡ

ɸҲǳһ㲻ǽ𣿡
̧ͷһۣҸȥ㻹ʲôװֱĵظ˼ңߵ͵ˡ
ɸһ࣬
ˡ
˵꣬ž׿ţٲ˵ļһ

£ҲͿʼůˣɽһʱҪˡ
겻ͬǣɽεĿȴ˺ܶࡣն֪ټڻɽ꣬ҴʱǴñ֮ƣʶȤزɽҡ
ǣǵȻ֪Դ˵սûʲôôǣսȴĺô
ƽ֮Ϊ˴˱䣬ƣԴﵽﲻĿġ

ңεĿѾﵽˣЧԡ
߾ϼʮĴνҮҮɺӼƽϢʱ֣ɿ䣬ߴͨʹ϶פɵͨʹǼס˻ʹɵټʹ̸ġ
û취꣬εͨʹͲˣҮֻפ˵¶
ڡ
һ˵ҲûðҾǸ赶Ūģڴʲôλֲǲ֪һжͨʹ
޷ҮֻüϣҮɵܴ򿪾棬ҮɵǱҲǳٳٲϢ
ҮɵҲûС˴˭Ҳţô˵ô죿
Ү֪ͷϣֲҮɵǣƸȲϳ
³ξƽڰ׹ʮӪ
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Үڳסˣ復ڶʹ£֧Ԯ۽
ҲҶֻҮԪ治Ҹˣ߾Ǳסˣǣλȴˡ
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ʱҮѾˣѶǼģѪϼӲۼ
̫ҽ˾ţ֮ŰҮȹ
֮ҮһǶԲԵҮɺͿ򲻸ҮԪ֮𡣡
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Үһ̾Ҳ˵Щ
ּӢټ򣬼Ԯ۽򡣡
Үɵݴ;³Ǩƽ¡
Үɵפйҹɫۣݲݡ
ͻ̨飬ݣļ£ڱ߻
Үɺĵһҧּ˵꣬תҪȥ¡
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ʻкηԸ
ּҮԪ˵ҲΣʱ룬̫ܱڲ࣡
ʣ
ҮɺˣҮԪɶ˼ǻλǸˣ
ɵӡҮ滺ֻлᡣ󶨸ҮԪĵֻ̣ҪƤ̾Σ
Үɺһʥ

⣬ɽ¥ֵꡣ
¥ĹﴫҮɵֿ
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Ⱥһۣࣿ
Ųţν쳷ֵܾһȥĶзĺ¶
ҮɵһΡ
ڵĵλȵĻŵġ



503 е
ⲻµʱ䣬Үɵǡˡ
ͦϣǲҲͦϵҾװóʱ򳷣ֵʱ֣¾ǰ첻㻹˵ûɻ˭ҲûС
¶һ㣬ɵٽĹ˺üءӲһľλһ·ϴڣٵĲˣٳһʱ޶

㲻ҮԪ˰ɣͦˣҮɵе㲻ġ

Цϯ˵һ㶼ɿڣҮԪǸģٸࡣ
ҮɵһҲԣڴͶҲֻӸοġ
Щ㶼ҮԪȫգҲֻʼҽƤ̾ƽɾ̶ȴǲ˲һǰ㡣淴ҮԪʮ֮߰Ǵ򲻹ġ
˵ˣҮԪҪҷ復ϰ˲ضϹǾʤģѶϵӣôҷ
ӵȴܲˡ
ʱҲа룬ƴɵ
ҮԪݱƣԴΡҮɵҮɵݡݡӢͻ̨ĺôΨҮ游ûô
ڣҺҮѵһҽԱãͻ̨Ҳ˵õʵȨγҮԪԹԽȨ
ȻᡣֻҪ۽һ죬ҵٳͲ٣Ϊ÷ˣȴҪҮԪ
֪ңյĿĿɲҮɺܣҪ

ͻȻ뵽ʲô廰ҳԲΪɣѾگҮԪع󶨡ᡭ
ҮԪʲô룬ɵ˰ͼٻȥλ
ЦݽȥȥҴȥ𣿣
ҳһα߾ļʮɲǳصģ˵׼ӡӡͱıˡ
Үɵһ£ڵվУɺ˵Ĳһϳɲ򣡡
һЦܵģŻŻҲ̡
Үɵ˻ȥǲģָȶ㿴ŵ衣
ЦҲܵģҿš

ɢϯҮɵˣǿߣСǲҪɣ
ʵҲûףıǳѵΣиȡ󡣵Ҫ湥ɣΪһˣҲûܵġ
Ⱥһۣ㲻ңҲҮԪ̰ɣ
̡ʣ֪һһɣҮԪӣס

ҮԪûôʧ˵һûôʧ
ûش󶨣Ա¸漱Ϊɣû
ôſּе飬һҪô˵ǡһء
ǣ󣬹ؼʱ̣ܻܲؾҪսڵһߣڻλ㿴Űɣ
뷨ǣλ㰮˭˭ɣûƵС
Ծ˼·ֻҪҪأֻҪбֻҪӺƻǮٻһʱ䣬Լ׳һ㣬ȥλҲ١

Ү游ӿҮԪ౨ڵû
ˡ
Ү氧̾һȥҲزˡ
Үѵش
֮ϳƣפһһ䣡
Үɺʵ˼ǣҮԪҪ
ҮЦҪѾ
ǣ˰ô죿ʱˣҮɺĻǮ
ҮģҶռ
Ƶ˰ռɳ͢ķ֮ҮԪҪǸҶռҮɺ˲Ӧʱͳʸ֮ģҮԪûɵǸ̶ȡ
סǸ常С΢жĵȡж
ԣٸƱеƤֻ̾λȹ̣
ˡ
Ү濴׵Ķӣв࣬Լ³çԡ̰ԣЩһӦеƷʡ
ǣʲô취أ˶˽ģҮɺٲʺϣٲҲԼ׶ӡ
ֻһ㣬㹻ˡ
˻ȥȥɣΪˡ
֮УΡпɬоȻ

ʮ괺£Үо󶨡ʱʮ꣬ڣֺʥТ»ʵۡ
ӣҮɺλԪΪƽʢ
ϢΣȲЩ⡣ΪҮе죬ԭʷ˰ꡣ
Ҳ룬ڷ˶ȥοҮǲв֮
ģȺݴһڡ˭ôģ
ϵĸ٫岩ֱ죬˼ʲôʱ£


504 ʮʮӮ
ҮԽ磬ζŴɴλ֮Խ糾䶨
ðɣʵѾ䶨ˣΪҮԪǸģûȥ
ǣֻҪҮ治Үɺϲλû䶨δĽȴǼϣġϾϵԽãԽࡣ

ǰ˰꣬Ҳ˵ҮԪʱ˰꣬ȥˡ
ģľʹˣλ֮ġ
ãһӣԲ٫ӣŽٸҼһ򡣡
İƤֱ£ӣټӾˡ
ӣͽ
˻ûֻܼǮ׳
ɣĪҪΪ岩ҿ»ҪءˣƿǼڴмģҪҮԪ˵ҷôǮȴǸвΡ
һ֪̾岩ĵĲ޵ǡ
๫ģ
岩һ̯֣Ϸηĵ£Ҫ֪Ѿ൱һ˰ˡ
ȲıԹȻһҮԪĴѾ޷ͷܷӵ⣬ûκһ·ߡ
˳ҮɺɳҲҰѱȨȥΪȨ֮գڣκһʵ۶һзĵĳӰ
һҮԪضҪԴɺʹѹһҪҮɺһ滹Ҫֹγû¡ҮԪô߶
ڶ۹ᶨˣԲ˽ǸأǶ֮ڣҸٶǮ˿ڡҲ޷ʹο⡣Ǿϸϸģ๫ɷġ
ҲֻǰǮŵǮţĿǸ׳ʵ׳Խ죬ǸʱɱɱԽСңǮǲһֱģòˡ
ǡ岩ûסҮԪɵҲ֪Ǯǰ׸ģǱǺôӼԸ
ҵ๫
ڻʲôıĻ֪
ȫıѾڵ̨ˣ
岩Ĭˡ
ȼĿǰ̬ƣ۴ɣҮԪҴ֮䣬Ѿûʲôܿԣ֪޿κΣֻӲͷƤǰߡɵĿȣǵĿңҮ޵Ŀǿֻ˭Ըˡ
İƤģ̫ʧء
ҡͷİƤͦˣôʱôͿأ
Ҳܹ岩Ҫû·̫ô裬̫ôҰˣ
๫𣿡٫ˡ
ʲô
ƶľΨһռȨģֻҴΡ

٫͵֣գʵһȴǰ˺ûУʧǮ顣
岩һ
԰ɺҮԪͣˣɴȴǣʲôʱͣʲôʱͣƲãֻҪ߾һȶҮԪĹӦһϣûʲô¶ˡ
٫˼ֲ˵һ㣬ǴµģǴŴҮԪǰߡУׯң
˵٫ȻһЦ๫ͰİɣһоգʮʮӮ
ȺͲ٫һͨףȻ˵ͨˣҲһӻȻǣİƤЩҲס൱ģ¶
ƵʲôĵģֲǻҵǮ
ȰЦѳŰɣϸ߾ʮİƤľڻûء
ڹϻǮ๫ҪתԿڡ
á
ͱŤţ๫ĿϷϷ˵ˣ͢²ǲģǸ԰øԵ£
һ죬ĵ¿ηΡ
٫ҲҡͷЦȥҽˣġ
ϷҲߡ
ȸ๫ΪҮɺǻһ£

İƤˣ¶ĻһˣҪһżԺȥˡ
Сһͨףǰˡ
㣬ɻλѶܿɳ̬Ȼб仯и׼

⵹ȡ
ǻǿ仯ɣһҪǮأ
İƤһۣаǮҵòãôŲ˺ü޺Ǯ
ˣղȻҪ죬Լ

岩ߺֻʣȺ͸
һ߸ĥһƸȴǱܿ๫Цͦ׵ġ
һƫͷЦ㵽ͷģô˵ϻˣ
˵⼸£ġλ๫Ϊ˾㣬ŲࡣҪǣǸûǮ߾ɱġ


505 Ͳ
ôһ˵ȵе㲻˼ˡ
˵ﻰʦһڳϵΣ񣬿˵Ҫ˸ˣҪ
˵Ҫ߾ġǿİͶһ£ӲͷƤѹ߾ɱ
Ҫֵ֪׵ʱ򣬴ζûôģñ
Ϊʲôʹ죿
ֻΪڻҵ
££ɹȻȷʵ١ǣ͢⼸µǵ㡰㻨Ǯȴһжûʣ¡
ŸɰݣȹίǮҪӲҪʲôúȴҪඣ
ҲǺģǲ鷳
һ仰ʹе
ΪǿأΪүǰδеһˡַΧȾãٶֵõġ
ˣһ˻ȥҸ๫תһ°ɣ
˵ЩİƤƢô
ԣЦøˣ˵ûأТ˳ĲǸƸء
ٺ١ȵ⺩Цһ㶼Ӻһ

ֱۣ˵
ðɣȿɲǸǸ˼
˰죬ŵƸȷǰ˼£λ๫Ҳٶ޺Ǯء
ɶһ°˳ȥ޺Ǯ
ѽǿ˺ӱ·İա
Ϊһ޺ǮеأϾ޹غյ
룬ԣ۾һɣǲˣ

һ޺Ǯȱ㡰ӼáһİƤ˼ûˡ
͸෴޺Ǯڹźأ

ԭܼ򵥡
ĴˮನһֱҲûƽϢƺӸĵ֮ҲȻû
˵޺츣յĴ£ϵһֱƺ뺣ڽصȲӦšǣ岩͸¶Դȱ׼׷
ûǰ׷ˮ֮ˮȥ
Ⱥӳز˻ƺˮ϶Ҫ޶ġ
ǣġ˲ţҪӡȲǮǾԼӳ͢ＷǮҪӡѾ˺ü꣬Ҳܲˡ
ôȼȻͬӣҲ֪ƺüޣΪʲôԼһ׷أ
治ûǸ
ΪʲôḴԭģΪһͼҲʲô£ǡ
ǿǻƺӰȱٴҲֻۡңˮרҵȥƺӣûǸ¡
ңʱڵˮҲﲻ󻼵ˮƽ
ǲޣ޲ˣ޲ˡڵȡ

ͨͨǲͨϱĴ󹤳̣ڴ˵ҲһѷĴˮ̵ı顣
ڹϺü꣬˵ʵеίλѧң֮Ųֻһͨ
ǣɱˣȲģֻܰͨõ¼·ϵһ飬Ӷ±ľ飬ʱ֮ʱõƺϡ
ڲޣǣҪôޣ޾Ҫ޵ͨһ޻
һݣη
ҲޣҲεʷд¡Ҷεľӡ
ԣһİƤ޺ӵǮŲˣ˵ŲɣûǮҲͣˡ

ִһšʱˡ
Ȼ˻ûһӣɸ׿ͻˡ
ȲȤζ룺ӹҲû˭ˣ鶼Ű
áȷ鱾Ѿٴ󱦣ƻб仯ʱ価档
ɸһۣŲҷ
漴һѾˣαɽɵĹѾˣ˵Ҫ̶߾⡣
һ٣ô죡⡣
˲˺ܶ࣬Үɺλһ¾ν棬˵ܼɴ
ʵʵڼҴһΰɡ˿ɸװ̲סĿⶨǰ
Ͻ˰ɣС˿ôǺã
㣡ɸһ仰˵
ʱҲ֪ôˣЦ֮һ뵽֮ܺü¶˼ǷơҲ֪ĶػصҪģҾȥ
˵꣬Լò˼¥

СͲ󣡡
һ䣬С¥ȥˡ
һߣһĥҮɺҪ߾ҵ⣬οɲòǸˣһĲУͻӲģܿҪΪҪЮƴγ
̲סЦ⣬ʱ򰡡
ڣһͨȽȥˡ
ֻ棬Ȳһ㶣Ϊʦõȼλϳϸ岩ԡӼ˶ڡ
һĴɹ顣



506 Ҫ
ҶڣȺٺһЦ񻹵±Ŷأƣȴǲˡ
Ҳ֮Цˣǲģûˡ
˵ţԵȼλ๫ҵøˡȻһС֧ʹתȥЦ
˵ͷҪıˣְҲһˡ
Դˣû˵
飬ǿ󣬵Ҳų⡣ϾһƴȣҲͷԵġͷԵҪǹǱġ
лˣ飬㶼֪ˣ
ȵҲ֪Ѿ֪˸š
Ȼ
ˣɳ飬СӵϢȴǱҪͨöࡣ
ɡ
˵ţѹݸȣһһ
Ҳװӣһڳչơ
һۣüͷͲ΢΢һ壬漴ֲźۼչ˿һ
ͨһ飬顣
¶һƵı飬СһҮɺһλϾͻһ
һУһ𣿡
סˡ
Ȼг룬Ҳ֮С
дǣɳҪ̸ֻβ˵߾±⣬ҪҡǴһһ
˼һҪֱ׳꣬㳯Ӻʹɣ׿ڴӦҮɺֻҪ˻ʵۣÿһ

֮ǰŴγңβɡأҮɺ֮Ҫңȷһ塣
˵ҶôγҪӱңⲻǸþƽôͳ壿
ȷʵ壡
ΪҶڴ˵Ǯ⣬ӵ⡣
ʮǮβںҪ˭Ҳ޷ܵġԣҵڴһֱһΪе⡣
˵һ¼һ򣬵թʹɣ֧Ӧ֮£ֻһңǵ㻹ʹ֮ǰʹӦġǣ֮ɱԹٺͰڸãΪ
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ңҮɺ˸ģһд˹
Ҳ˵˽Үɺȴǹܴγ͢ҪǮ¶˹֮⽻¼ĲΡ
˵ˣ鰡߼İ飬ˣҪյ鰸ϭٹٵĹٷ顣¶д൱ڰȡͨɡٸ¡
ǳңҪ㵽ͷϡ֮ǰǴεʻҪٱĭ
һ𣿡
ʳ仰˵Ϳݹ֮еɱ
ȶһ¡ûʲô̫ɣ
װװ
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ô᲻֪Үɺգô᲻ԼֲԶˣ
ǣʲôأ
ƽΪһϣ׳Ҹ
͢¿ΪһĿ꣬㾡ܣ
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ûĻתƻȻɵѶϢҳ⣬ǲͻȥ׼ˡ
ϻʽʹȥ̸У׵ľȡ
У
ȳ˵Ψɲɳʹ
顣岩ӺƲȥǻ˵ʹթ⹹ݡӺȥˣ͵ʵҮɺ֮ԣ
ҲⶼΡȥҮɺܲȫ˳ȫβĻ⡣
Ͻ֪ıġ֮࣬˹𣬿ɻмҺء֮Үɺ׷Ź
Լǡͷֱȡ˭ȥ㶼ȥ
ԣ΢ţԸΣ
ȿһԼȥЦ
ºλĺˣǡ
һ̯֣֪ģ˷Ҳɣ
һˣôܲȥ
мƻ֮Ҫһ˵Үɺȥ㲻Ҳϸȥ

ȥҲǲԡԳˡ
òˣ͸Լҵĺһ۾еôͿԣȥˣԺôڴ㣡
ԼæϽĪ˵ꡣ
ȥǣж
㣿
һڴ̸ݣڰ׹ӱ߾ǺϣҲܽɵذ벽һɵȫɱȫ
ڶɳҲһ
Ͻ룬ֻҪȥˣҵԸûܴɣʱ㳷Ҹ̨ƲϵǴҵҲͲˡϾȥ˵Σա˭ϵĿԣ
һ룬԰ι˵û


507 ̫
ԵôĬˣ˺þãŽŽɵؿȡ
𣿡
Цˣ֪Ҫǲ˳Զ裬ѷȥ
ҿС
ǰֻ̾ǡҪίһʱˡ
Ȼ֮ǰͨɡժġ
°ģƤúܣ㲻ʲô¶

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Լǣ岩͵
վмһ飬ʱԤвղſҪȥġ
ҪǣѾˡ
һĥҲԣ̧ͷͿҪȥϴκȳȥϵҲǾɣ
ȻˣҿԸһ⣿
У
У
Ϊ˳ˮۣ϶ƴǡȴû뵽ѿڻؾҲֱҡͷ
ʲô
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ǣһ⻰ˣϷʮꡣ
£΢念úܣֻҪǺСһȥҪ΢ʲôУ
۾һôţ㻹ˣ
²֪๫û⣬ĵ飬ŵȥ
СӣĪڱǰң
ŭˣҲʲôˡ
ɵЩ¶˭ŸԼ޷죬ҪϷ򲻳ɣ
һƲ죬¶֪ôûƵģ
ûʵ
ۣ־⻰е㲻ʣֲһ䣬Ǳܱȵ𣿡
ðɣոջͦصһ⡢ͦһ£ȴ
ŪˣôһզͶըˣ
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ˣˡȰˡ
Ϊ˹£趯˻
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ҡһûôҾôùĪ
ˡİ塣ôˡ
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ＸҪĹԱġڴμҪ֧ű߾ļʮҪ֤͢һС
ӼͶԸƫӲʣʺϳʹҲУһȥʲôȵˡ
Ҳһ¶ȵ̫¶
䣡

鶨Ҳûʲô˵ˣȵɢȥȴûߡ
֪Ϊʲôûߣ𿴷ͲǹʱǼ£ǽ£˵ǣʵ۵ӵĻ
Ϊ˴ɵ²µİɣ
ͳҾأǣ
»Ҫģôɳ̫鰡
Цģô᲻أ
˵꣬ٷԸȥƽ顢
һɣɳԹΪףֻҪǲжȵѹС̫ˡ
ʱƽ顣ԭƽòڻɽؾְȥˡ
һȴҲû¶ƽڲʵҲû̫ϵӦƴߵġ
˼ҲͲˣλǰһ󡣡
ԣæݵˣ֣֮·Ըǡ
źۼؿһԱߵķͣ̾һλ䣬ճлһ·йع塢סʱʱλɷĬԣ


һ£뵽ǶӺʲô¡Ϊôֻ꣬ΪӵϹγԣ뵽ȡ
һ£һҧһ䣬Ǻ΢죿
ãȻҲϣܵøʲô°ɣҪ󲻹ݡ
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ǰ
˵е£ͺҲˡ
Ϊ֮УƽӦҪΪֻ֪ࣻҪЩ࣬Ҳ£Ψһѵľײϣֻİ
ǣ˭뵽ȻӦôʹ죡
ʹ졭
Ͱе̫˰ɣ


508 
˰ȻС˵Ǹӡ죬壬ʷʵһȴǹͨģǾǣ˽Ը
˵㣬Ǹͷһòٴˡ˵㣬һ
ֻϹֻϷȣһУ¹˭ʵӡԼ׶ӣ˭Ҳʹ
ġս֪λɹţ¶
תʹϵĳ͢Աͱɵ߸Ң΢ԺʹԡֵܼͶ㣻üһƢûУʵС飬ıٶС
⣬ҶΪλڵ࣬ʵȻλڵģǿ⸮λӡ
۱ΰ꣬һһٰʮ⸮ƽÿ껻һΡ
ΪʲôأΪٶõ
Ϊһǵִ٣һ˿ڵĴǣҪҪѹסӡ˻׹Уس׾죬ûʵûӡ
ԣ⸮ְλһ㶼ɻʼسΣһ˸ɲˡ
ΨһʷҲֻеȹԱôҰŵôҪλã
Ϊ˭˶ֻһ
ԣѲ˵ģ
ô졭ͻȻôԡˣ

ʣӦ£һ仰˶Ūˡ
Żʵ뷶һƵĿԼȻһЦ
˵ʵԼе㲻Ӧ⻹
΢м仰ã˵˵
ң˵޷
ʵ
һµ̹Ȼʵǰʹ˼ҮֳáƽԾǰһ죬ɹ볼½Ӵˡ֮

뷶Ͷһۣ˰ҮԪǼй¶Թ٣֪ģֻǵ֪ˡΪ֪ǲϽûôʱЩףʱ
΢£Ǵ֮¹󣬳ʳ֪ζҹ£г𣬾ֻʣ²
ү֮Σ
һңγԣ
һգ֪ɳģȴûֹ뵱ñϲ¡
ֻ˼Ү̫ļԼ˳ү΢֮ǰеķ鶼Ȼıԣһ칫ġ
̾˿ǿΪ֮ģȷǲҲϽֻ¾͸ˡ
ԡΡ
æȰ裬Ҳض룬֮ˣûаϵ
йأֿʼ
Ťֻ˵ȥ
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Ͻүаࣻбϳǰټ˷һس
ּ˵϶˵ô򵥣ºү๫ڲϧһЩ۵ʲô
ͷ˵¶ˣҲ˵û¶ԡ
֪ͺá
ǣ΢˲ף֪˵Ĺƣǣү֣Ҫ˵һνĹ
Ϊڳȴ죬ʤһСô³˽ͨҪһģҪһ

ԶԣΪû˽Ż֡
ǣˣɫȻֱү¶ƣȻѣǳ޴ĹãҲ޴Ĺү
֮ΡͨǴֶζӣʢŭҪ˼һҲж쾭塣ΪͯʼǾôѧģҲô̵ġ
ǣ֮䣬ƶжԴ𣿶˵Ķ񣬲ǡǡǶԴε𣿡
һүҲСֶλؾС֮־үõô˵İ취ƴɱ𣡣
ãԽ˵Խ
Ǳ֮֮סֽţ¶Ҫűү
˵ҾݵΣˡɵϣӣ

޲Ȼ
ţ˸ˣ
ܰԼûʶЩϿѣε⣬ȴڿѧεľ鶼ɵˡ

ؿŰЩ̲סġԡ
ѧֻһѧʡ
ҲһѧʣͲ¼е⣡



509 㾡УΪֵ
֮˵ЩʲôζʲôȲ֪Ҳ֪ڵ˼ֻڼٴʹ֮ϡ
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ԣ룬ҪǷˣɳ˭֧
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510 ۰Ļ
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511 
ϵ仰͸ѹǣķȴûа취ѹģؼӵ˵ˡ߶ûԲˡ
һʱ֮䣬Ӻͨ˵ҲԽԽʢЩˡ
Դˣ۲ΪڹԺҲȥû̫Ӱ졣
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512 û
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ǣûˣе˰ɣ
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ˡǱȽŵġ
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ߡ
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ʵôôôһ¶



513 㲡Ҳ
ʲôûԼеļƻȫг
๫ʼ㵭棬Ѿͫ׷ŴֽһˣһŴ촭ˡ
ȥæĺ󱳣˳
๫𼤶𼤶
㡭̧ΡΡָȡ
㡭㣡
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ˣôУôġ
𣿡
ȵͷӦУΪҮɺڱѡ񡣡
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Ϸȫģּ֮һ䡣ܳɣӽԺģӺƲǲ

ӿ⵽ݣһ·˳ŵ˺ζ͢ȥݵĴҲ׼ˡ
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ǣȵŵʹȺȴһΪϢ
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ô˼Լ̸
ʹ˵ˣȻ»ȻɻʵԽӼʹʾֵ֮ꡣǡ
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ǣ˵Үɺˣ˰Ҫôϰȥ̸Ҫôǵš
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ؿȣ没ɣ˸ǵǱǻʵۣپҲš
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һӣ˵˭ţҮɺӳһûʣ±ʲôˡ
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ͷȵǸжء
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үֳֵ˵ʱ𣿡
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ôһ˵Ҳϲ棬˰ȥúþƣ
ͷҲˣżûãȰɡ

ʵҲȺżȷʵǼҮɺȸ˳Сƭϰ
ֻҪһ̤ϴɵأߺߡ
ҮɺˣֻҪһ̸ӡ
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죬Үɺ̲סˣ˴ʹˣҪ̸С
ϧ㲡ǰɣӺƵĲûء
εԱԴҡֱ˦ĭӣ̸ˣӺƲأˡ
үҮɺɱˡϵз㵱ǶϹ
û취ʹһҧ˿ˡ
죬Үɺʵ̲ȥˡ
ذʹй˵㿴ȲûϵǣʹҴɵԹ֮ɣаɣȲˣǻи๫
ʹֱҡͷҲ߲ˣ๫Ҳˡ

ȥ̽ϳ๫Ӻƣ˰ɣ
ʹһĥҵȻȥʡ
ð
Үɺˤϳˡ
˼ôɻʵȥ̽ǣáͨ
ǣԹ˭أҲ룬ȫҵġ

ڶ죬ʹڻŶˡ
๫ӺתãǿԼˡ
Үɺš黨üͷչˣ
ʹһæҡͷ첻аӺ˵ˣǴ£ҪѡӣǻƵ󼪡
ҮɺֱӰϳ˳ȥ
û꣡
޵ҪӺơɸʲôӣ


514 ͻʵ
˵ҮɺҵġҲʲôƣһס
εľӾѹڱ߾ϣλǵˣԼǸȴǲģҪϾɶҮԪء
ǿɲǴɵսҪ壬εĵϣǴɵǮӡ
ڣҮԪ㣬ʵûƵĲ˰롣һϻ೤һӣƵ˰Ҳ£ǿɾˡ
ɾҪʱҮɺźȶ飬Ҳ
ŴɵĴδԽҮɺԽûס˴̲Уȴ˦ʮ֡˵ģ˵ǰ־޴£ǾԸܲ𺳵ġ
⴬ʮɳʮɿҮɺҾ޴߶ϣо͸һСࡣ
̲סôˣ
һе߹ݳ֪⻹ֻӺƴ֮õĶ̴ڴεĵݡݵĴڽһ۲Ǵ촬յ۷壬˵нʮɳ
ʮɣҮɺĿɿڴ
ɱ˵ˮ촬ƽϸǷӣ뽨ôҲװɡ
Ķôľǣ
֪󣬳˹ɣҪĻǿǵĴľжΪǱһľͷܽӡ
ʮɡǵǶ˵Ȼ

룬ġС塱Ѿδ֮ࡣбݣҮɺֻ÷˼δ
ϴ֮ҮɺĵضŻʵ۵ļӡһðɣ˼ʿˮ֣һСιٶû
ҲãСɳټңҳ๫ƹڴβ򡣡
~Үɺͷ
Ҳ˲ôˣˣղҪӺš
ƽȵ·βȥ
ȵ˴βҮɺֲˡ
ү
ȺһͷڴβС̿¯з
Ǹ߶еϹҲסǲװһװͲУ
һҮɺˣЦǺǵӭ̴֣δ
ԹʶֱۣҴɻʵۣ˭ֵܣ
ȿɲͷôģ࣬˼Үмʮ֮˾ӣҲڴɻʺĵŻ롣
뵽⣬̲סһֳ
˶һ˵ʲô
ȥЦ⣬ҮɺĻᣬϯ
๫зֿСܵΣ

ҮɺŪ£̿¯ϵҪʲôգ
ֲ˰ɣȹзĽǶȥˡ
УҮɺû㳶л˵£
һʲô£̯һָҲ˵µĳϰɣ
ҮɺһۣЦ벻δɻ㲻ŵ
Ȼҡ£
˵ҮɺȣֿλӲҲ˰ɣҲ̸̸֮£εδ㣿
Ӻƣ㵱׿ڴӦ޵ģôڲ˰ɣ

ҡͷƵظԼơ
ҮɺҮһȣǲ̫ˣֱֱȥɣˡ
Ȼ
ǱһҮɺ˵ЩһľƱˤ˳ȥ
Үɺһ̵ۣģҸˤӣҿǴɻʵۡ
ǣȸ쮵ĻᣬҮɺһըˣ
Үɺڵվָźıֱ벻ˣȵֵܣ
Үɺˣˣˣ˵ˣֵ㻹ôң
һ˻һҲ
ˣСӺƣԶȴҪޣǺε
ЦҹȻû˵ǰɵۣѾǵǸĲ̴ˣ
ҲǣҮɺţۡ˭ҮԪͺôߥԣ˭Ҫ޵Ļλ˭
ðɣϱ»ȷҮɺǸԭˣûȷܰϡ
ʹңȴҪ㷴ҧһڣ
ȷֺú˵û˵㣿Ĳ̣е壬ֵܣǣ㿴ڣ
Ȩġ¼ɶɡֵܻһӺ˵ȥĻвֵ𣿻ҪⷢߣҪϴʾ飬ȵǵǮҴӦֵܵ飬Ҫ𣿡
٣ҮɺӶˡôô͡

էȻֹҮɺǶ
㣬ʲô˼
֮󣬻ȷĻͷһ飬ղǻʲô˼
ʶ˰벽ղʲôû
̫ˣɻʵһϳø֣ҪǴȥ
˰
ߣΪм˵㲻ֵˣµĳŵߣ

תеҮɺе¡


515 
Үɺܲеӽ飿
ؼǣ̫Ҫһһֵܣֱ׳˵Ϲİ͵ġ
Үɺ˵ðɣ㲻ҪҾ㲻Ҫ
˵Ǯûˣ
۾һƽĪҪԼˣȿɲ˵ͱӵСˣ

Үɺ⻰رŤ
㲻ǱͱӵСˣ˭ǣ
˵ˣʲôôСѶˡ
˼Үɺ£̫ˣԱͬʱñŷ㡣
ҮɺǾˣֻҪȿϸǮռ˾ռ˰ɡ
λˣ˭ôںӣ


Үɺ̤ʵˣţ⻹࡭
ࣿһ˵ȷʵ࡯ǣ㡭ɾ̫͡࡯ˣ

һܾίӣӦ㣬˵ʱһԻȥǣָһٳһ¶ǹСҪǮΪֵ֮Ϊƽ֮غ
ǽС˽֮дڹ֮ϣɱ˲Ѫִ˾٣̫𣿡
ᣬᰡҮɺæ
ҵĴҵĴһֲˣôɾץϹˡ
ֵһŵǧɷ򣡵ΪЩˡ
ҮɺҲʼҪˡ
ΪдȣԵƣ˵žҾԷ
ȵͷһЦ⻹࣡
Сܲǽƽ֮ˣȻ˵ᣬǾᡣ
ֹ

һһɫһҪɱˣһֳֵܣ˵ҮɺͿһϴͷҲԺˡ
ȥôǸǮ
̲סƹӵ˼Ǯ¶㶨ˣ
û˵Үɺ۾һɣ׵ϻƴǳ֮ˣǶˣ
ǿʼеܸȵĽˡ
ȿͷһۣ֪ʵضҮɺ˭ѽ
˵
ͷ𰡡ôɱ࣬˵ôȸ·˶磿
ϷŻ룬ɱͬ¡
ŶȿŵһŶ
û
գ
Żף֮ǰС쵰йһ֮ԵλͬŵȰˡ
Ҳ죬Ǯࡣ
ΪǸ˻ˣǮ죬Ļˣϳһ꣬ųôһ⡣
Ȼˡ
ŻҲȷϻˣʼʹְ
Ǿ̸һ̸Ǯϸڰɡ
ȰһۣһָϣзǲζζǾ̳ӵġ
ʲô̸µĳ𣿡
ƹʲôʱ̸
Ż룬쵰ֱ԰ɣ
ķŶտڷŰ׻ûƨ۶¶ȻмΪ֮
˵꣬Żּһ䣬磬ǰʱ䣬Ҵηͷ
㡭
ŻһҡΡϴ֮ͼƣȥɥ֮ʹǡ
Ҳᣬ軹ᣡ
Ⱦ͵ûҪ̸񣬴̸
ֵԼǣҪ̸̸ֱӾͰѹǩˣĶ˵¶ĳϣң°ɣ
Żһʱûסġ·
ŻȻɱӴܵñҪװ¶
߷ߵˡ
򰵰ߣүǧ֮һ˼ҮˣӲȫᣬͲƣ
ЩҲ룬Ժˡ
ڣǰ¶˰ɡ
ӭҮɺûϯУȾҮɺߡ
˵ְ

͵ƷƱ߿ϷǰѴɾˣתֱֶ
ǣȴʱͷһת仹ʲôû˵ľᵽɤ۶ϵľƱǲԾĶ˰ա
ˣ룬ֵúͳµ̵棬Ҫõصˡ
ʱҮɺɲ֪ȵôơ
͵ܣкλֱ˵޷
ְȿǮСһģǡ
ʲôҮɺһʲô˼
ǣպǩˡ
ΪΣҮɺˡղŶôأôɻʵ۸˰죬ôˣ
Ȼװʲôû˵ȴҪִˡ

һʱֵܵԼд˹ڴγ½֪ɾûԭôˡ
ҮɺˣôֱҵĲˡ
ȼ˰ɣֵ֮ô˵̴˵ʹˡǣһ顭
¶һޱȵı飬ǿҪߴγ͢Ĳġ



516 񲻿
һҪ޵ӣǿҪͨ͢ġ
Үɺһ̯֣кβףǶѵ͵ܷģΪֲһʱϼҲ޷
ҡͷֻ̾Ϊ˵ǮСܵİΣˡ
Үɺɫһ죬Ȼֻ֪װɵˡȵ𴩣ȴװȥˡ
ִһʱǣҵĴ
ȵⲻ˭Ĵ⡣һ飬½֪СιΪ󡣡
˲˵֮ǰʮҳաٹپѾ޷ˡ佫ԣҪ󶨣̤ģһѩιܣһ򡭡񽻴
ҮɺһƲ죬Ǿϳˡ
ȲˣҪô˵û˼ˡǵ飿Ǿͱ̸£ξһԸǮ
Үɺ˿ھƣ͵ܾͲѲ
Уȸ򣡣˭˭ӣ
ôȹ⣬ҮԪ󶨣
㡭Үɺô˵ͱ䣿
͵ܲᡭ˰ɣ
ȸŭƽһҪ˵ӡ
ˣˣҾͲˣֻ˵Ѵ֮ɴȴʼвȣ
Үɺǽһʡ
ֵ׸ǲһ׼
͵ܵʲô˼
ȵǮģֻѶȺܴ󣬴ֶҲΪС롣Ҫô׾͸ˣȾѹӣ޴ˡ
Үɺ޵˵ӰͲеݲ
ǣʱҪǮҮɺǿѹĻ𣬡͵Ƕıһа취ģ𣿡
ûë°ͣ취
ʶͷͷš
һ
͵ֱ˵
һ࣬ҪǸˡ

أ飡
У
У
ҮɺŻ뼸ͬʱѿڶУ
ҵμֵԶھüֵǴѹһͷ֤ԣˣˣ̸ǣûˡȴ˽ܲ˵ġ
أôûˣʶˡ
ǻԣǸ˶Ӧ
һ죬ֱСܿɲСˣҪֳɥĴˡ
ʲô˼Үɺе¡
Ҫĵء
⣡
޹ؽҪƵأһȥҲýһͲˣ𣬶Ҳû˵ʲôˡ

⣿ҮɺŻһۡ
ô軧֡ⷿסǣءû
ôⷨ
һεӣô⡣磬ҴΡ
У˵꣬ҮɺʹˡôǴ復֮һı㶼𣿡
ȺɸֵصǸȷҲû˵
ȷҲУ
ǾݣһָߵСǡ˰ɣ
ݿԡ
ҴΣطġҴڴ˽衢̡ͨ踮Ϊ̻ṩһ֮һǱǣһӦǹɡ
Үɺһ񲻴
ҪĶ
Ц˵ˣǸͷĶУ
ҪݰɣũҶҪҪһ¡
һɺ뺣ڸҸСС岿ЩҩġƤ⣬ǽˮҲЩ

ҮɺֿһŻ룬е㶯ˡ
Ǹأ⣬Խܵġ
ؼǣֻҪݳǣҪȫǲŶط
˵㣬ƵطȻǰ˻УеⶼȰѳţûʲôˮҮɺһ㶼ۡ
ɺӿڸ壬ǸͲ¶û£˵ҪǽۣҮɺҲΪѡ
ȿ˵ɵһ
СҲˣвУָ仰ɣҪǲУСҲû취ˣѹӵ˵ʲôҲġǾͻȥҲⵢֵĹˡ
˵ת˵ܸϻȥɣ
ˣ˶Ųֻǿ򶨵ػеͷܸϣܸϣ

Үɺԣż˼Ҳûۡ
ŻʱɺӿκأҳĴӦôҲκͨҿٴƹҲ١
ԶԣҮɺͷôҲҪ˵һ˼ҵĵ˰ɣ
Ȳٱƣͷ֪ᣬУǾͻȥ

˵ҮɺҲûʲôɴˣݲȼװ͸Ƕߡ
˵ʻ룬סΡΡߵߣһͬĿɵ뿪
Դ˵̫ˡ
˵ⲻص⣬ǴӴéӣҲÿ˼ҡöࡣңⲻǺһ⣬ֻҪˣԴĹٵƤӣܰԭǼʮҲؿ
һѹڴĿʮ֮õңҲˡ
ˣҲڿֱͦ˴ǰˣ
ֻУһ˵ˣҲǻ᲻
ܴӦ𣿡
ǻҡͷƶĵͷ
ܲܰ
һܣΪѾѡ񣡡



517 ֳѿ
ǰ٫˷ȵһŹɲͼȥʱȾˮ·̺ͨܲΪβݾͱɴεǰأ
ʱ˶ԡ硱ûиģף˵⣬ʵΪожô޳ܡ
Ǵֳʱͷףɳĸذһ磬ΡãĻжôƻ
ңղȶһС飬ҪȨҲȨȨξɱ档
һŶɳĿڵĶӣԺôãôá

ǣ˵˲ɵӦ
ǿ϶ġ
һᣡ
ȣҮɺֳ֪ΣжֻһǸΣ
Σ̫ȱǮˡ
֪ΪʲôôϵûԸ𣿡
ΪûǮ
εļ̫ݳˣĴ̡
ԣȿ϶ΪûǮͬҲûǮ
ͬɴƽʱΪսʱǱȴĳɱ̫ˡ
˵ˣƽʱһɱһģҲǮ
ҮԪĴڣǴɻǮɣҲҮɺĴǮԭ
ɳع㣬طǺԭʼġһռ˴ķ֮Ĳ˰ͲѿɳڽǷ
ڣҮԪռƣûɵ۵Ĳ˰ǣһҮԪٺģҲƵĲ˰͵ɳ˰ɣ
ݼᶨֵɽȴλ磬๫ûУΪʲôֻ֮Ƥ̾أ
˼ҲҪôࡣ
ƨȴһڡʵ۵ģ˭ϣԼߵıԽԽãƽʱƤ̾㹻ˣҪǴأͱȵط˲֪ٱɻʾͲ£Ͳ֪
˵ףûǮ
ͷ˵ò޵
˼˵ҮɺҪǮΪ˷ҮԪ
šƶڱȴκһʵ۶ʶһ㣬ԴƤ̾

ҮɺǱҲȷʵˡ
˵û̫ȱǮˡ
ȵЩƣܿһЩǣڲľں
Ҳ˵ҪһУ˫ǶԽܵġ
Ҫ˰ѡҡ֮裬ҲֻǵİѣҲƭƭԼˡǶɣʵϻÿǮһ
ͺñȣϳԶ԰˵ǲˣռǵĵء
ɳҲͬԶԼĳ˵ƵؾҵĽڡ
ңݸȣǸĻе϶ϸľӪɣܸɴƵ롣
ҮɺãǸ˫Ӯľ档
ҿô˰ɣ
ŻԱһʵͬ⣬е㷢飬ȴ֪ﲻԡ
£ǰһسټúһ°ɡ
ҮɺһۣʲôǸ쵰ʱ𣿡
ǡŻҲû⡣
һ䣬˵һССÿ뼸Σ
ŻֱƲ죬˵иƨ룡ʺƵطһ˰ܸɴǧǮͲˡ
һݻһǮֵ𣿡
ðɣɵʵۣ˿ɲôˡ
Ż֪λıԣáȥ˵Ļ˵ˣǾͶˡ

ڶһ磬ҮɺûδȶοǷԩֻŻһǰ
ɵۣͬˣ
Ż׿˵䣬û
Ϸڼȡ
û˵꣬ߣӰûڲ֮ͨһ๫˹ȥ
ȼæ׷˹ȥдΣô¶ôҲΣ

Ż봫˸ͱǶˡ
òױŪˣһ仰ǣûɣ
˿Լķ֪թַˡ
İɣȰο˱ǼأǷˡ
ͷѵشӴ֣µ˫ƱͷһҾأһ
ϷһллӺˣǿҪѹεʯͷȰῪˡ
ȼæǰ
ɱСˡ
ҲǴ񡣡
ͷԶԣǴ񣡴εĺöɣ
ϱ𼤶ιȥЪϢ֮黹Ҫϳء
ǶˣǣϸҪЭ̣ռٱˣҪ̸
룬һ֣ҫǴɵģϷȥǢ̸ǡ
ȿЦϻ̧ңװɵ㶡Сӵĳǣĥȿ治תġ
ʲô治תҿһͨͲӾ͵һף
ҲСˣǱ̸еŻ룬˼ҮҪȥ˵Ūɳ׾
šüô¶
Ϸȥ
Цˣȥ



518 벻
죬ֵʱˡ
Ӳ󣬵Ҫʲô¶Ҳʹģսĵһ죬Ż·ҵĶ֣
̸̸Żŷ֣һʲô˶ûռţ
˵ι˰ʣȥˡ
˰ǮǣǻʲôҴΣֱ˵ǮˣֱӰȥͷͺˣʲǫ̂£
ǣûɡ
죬Żݲ޳ǣϾǴɵءţʲôʱˣ˵ʹ
һ㣬ûֱӷԡ
ǲǣǾԭĳַһ£ܿ԰ɣ㿴ǳǽͲһɸߣ޲һˣһ޲ݰɣ
ŻһĥҲǡǴӦ޿ԣڲܳһꡣ
ʱ̫ΰѳ̫ߣʱ򲻺ôһʱ޸ǽҲͲˣʯǽ޲
УʹֱӾʹӦˡ
һꣿ֪ͨɴĹ̶ʲôЧʡ˵һ꣬ǰ˾ܰݳ޵øǽһߴ

פ⡣
˻ûôפơ
Դˣȵǲ޲ɡ
פǿ϶ģȻʮһݾʲôøˣҲʲôøɣƤµξ͹ڵˡ
ȵĿʵʴԣ˷ĴǺҪġ߾壬ݺɺӿڣһҪעźá
ԣ೶Ƥݺɺӿڵפ˸ǧ֮
һ̸ãֻȰԼشЧ
ڴߡ
Үɺǩˣֻλ׿ϡ
ҲŸҮɺҳ»ҵģһͬ⡣ֻҪǱһ¶ʲôʱɴطɹԱӣʲôʱҴεĹԱʹһͬݡ

Үɺһʲôʱ򽻽ʲôʱǮ޲õͰͳȥȸϽ
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Үɺһãسǻ
ЦҪǱ£ţҲˣ
תֱҮɺҪǱ£˶ţҲһҧ
ˣ


ҮɺȻһ̾ϣˣ
˵öԣҮɺĳ裬ţҲõˣ
ûʲô˭˭ӮȳĳϿҡ
˵ʵҪûɸ磬û֮ͦϲֱӵĴɻʵ۵ġ
ͦɰġ
һ䣡
µ˵޷
ôϣҮԪȡң
ɳϿҡ
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ӷںƫһλãϾҮԪ¡
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죬ڼһСӿڣŴʻ
վڴͷ߬һᣬʻɴ
ǴҮԪ
Ĳӣë֬Ĺա
ʹ¶İⶫµͷȻе᲻á


519 İ
ȳվڴףҮԪϴ
ҮԪǰû˵ǻȲؿˡ
أӺǸֶӸǮ
ӺƻǮ࣬ͷͷ
ȻҮԪֶӵ¼Ϊ
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һȣһţֱӾ˹ȥ
Ҫʵ͸©ȥҲᷢѣүҲ
ǣҮԪ˵ʲôҲ˳Ҳʮͣߵôף
һܹȵһš
㡭ʲô
ү
һδУĵһȭ˹ȥ
ҮԪٱһ£棬浱㲻ɣ
ģ˱һ
һȭȳһֱֱۣ˹ȥأҮԪ޿ɱܣѡ
ңһˣ
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ҮԪҲ˻һƴˣ
飡ȭֱ룬ա
ֻͷ۶оүȥ֮ѹĿڵĻһӶ˳
첻˱ƣӲơ
飡
첻ΪӲҮɡ
飡飡

ǣһαһɱͿ˹һĻ
ӺҮԪ֮ͽһ㣬ȭڶԺ䡣
ɱԶԣУȵ£
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ҲαȥȣȴҲ׿ˡ
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ųѪȴȻͣȭͷĶˣ׿૵
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Ҳĳʲôˣ˲ƴڷй򣬾Ͳȭȭ⣬ǵѪˡ

ȷʵƴڷй
ȺҮԪλĲϣȴŵʵ۵Ρ·̺ˣȴ˵һƣԵ¸ա
ҮԪǰѻжɥ֮ʹͨͨȭкϡ

飡
˵ȭͷͬʱ˶Էϣһȣ˫˫ء
ҮԪһȺĭվȴûһ̧ͷȣҲԼòĶȥ
ֻѾҲ̶õϣȻ̹һĨ˲Ц
ҮԪһȻЦó
̯֫ƽɵĿ޽Ŀ죬Сĳ㻹ˣ

ͬ죬ӻǲë֬ĲӣһӵҮԪϡ
үĳȴû꣡

ҮԪץϵᣬһ۾ӵһߣһոհȻǸ⡣
Ϊʲôһ򣿡
ûٷЦԼ㲻ذҸǮ͸©ȥŪѣнľ𣡣

ҮԪ˵ˣǼ¶е̫ˡ
ʲô
ɽ
ɽ
Ȳϻգһɼɣ̯֧ҪǻôòãͳܶԶܶԶôʲôʵˣ
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سӣһȭлˣ
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һ̣ЩԼǰǳˣΪνĴ֣㻹òõĶ
ܣȨİɣ

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˵
֮ǰҽҮɺĲּ⣬Ǻ⣿
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ҮԪ˵ȣӺʾ
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һ˳һôһ𣡣
ҮԪɴ۾ؿˡôϳ˵ĻӾǶ࣬˻ûⷽ롣
סҮɺĿģһֱãǵּӦýӵġ

ٴαȭȴĵһ
Ӻ֮ԪǣԸԺ񱨣
ȷ˸ҮԪĽǶȣһЦ
㻹治һ


520 Ϣ־
˻ûؾڴҮɺǢ̸ĽѾһ˴˿⡣
ŵ֪ϢԴζʲôҹֻ̣վͻص˾ʦ
ǣֵҹıգ޷һʱ泯֮͢£ֻôˮ£ֱӻ˹
Ͱҹѣ˵Ǳ߻Ϣ֪Ŷˡ
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ʵڲɣڹסúúõģǴʱ̫ˣŻ𽿪⡣ҪǻڹͶҪȥıˡ

ʵҲǸ˵Щʧ̬ʹѲ٫ʹһҲ˳ǡ
ֱ糿˳ţ٫ŵǡܵʹʱ糯ˡ
٫Ҳʲô粻糯ˣֱ
֪Сôļǵʲô¶Ϊǰնһ󲡣δǰ뿪žͳ⣬٫ɥء
ֻǣ٫˻巵⣬ȴѾȵˡ
ϲдϲٰ
ֱüүôˣʧ̬
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޲һͷˮӺ̸ˣҲ˵Ҳüˣ
ǾСӣҲüɣ
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ֲһü̸ˣû֮ǰԤȥԶ
һɣ̸ˣ˵Լ֮ǰѡǶԵģûͨС
ǣ٫Ļȴٹ١ֲˡ
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ʲôң⻹ôʲô̸ˣ
Ҳ˵ӺƱ˵Ƕ˵ˣһǮûȫ˹ȥ
Ҳ˵ôɸľȥ̸УҲܱٻˣͱֳӣ
£
ס󲽳࣬΢Ҫһ͡
˵ʵеŭˣξͻôһĲŲʾͻһƭ֣
Ұ򡭡εĹͷѾزˣ˵Ǯ͸ǮҪҪ
ͣ٫鸴ûĲơˣҰ򰡣˰


ܾǷˣ
£
ֲʧ䣬ǿϲԭҰһûٵĽǧѷ֮ܲúðգ
ҲҪʾ
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ȸ顭
顭
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Ұܴ裬ôѻʵ۸˳ӣΪȥӺƣ
εĹٿɲǳˣѾ˿ڵ׼
ȣȡ
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ȴѰɣֺˣҲܰѱôʱĴжˡ
İ䣬ϸϸ˵˵еɡ
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Ȼֱֱ˶ȥ˽µĹϵ˵¶ϰɵģ岩Ҳй⡣
һҪλͬ˵ǰӺƵһʹɣȷʵҮɺ
ʲô
ѻ˵꣬һŭˡ
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ֲһЦϣ֪ûԩӺ˰ɣ
岩˼ֲһۣ˵ëǸĲˡ
̫̰ϲĺôϧֶµ䷴
˸ЦϣĪ岩ѻ˵ꡣ
ӺȷʵȴǷǰ֮УǸհԶһоɱ֮壡
Ŷɡʲô壿
ıξ֣
岩֣ص壡
ıǴεϣ

ﲻֻϸ岩ġ
һн԰ԭƻӺӦһ˴ɵһء
һأһЩһʮݰɡ
岩ҡͷЦǰõ֣
ݣɶֻݣ
ɺӿڡ٫廰ɴţ˳֣ɺӿҲһ£

ɺӿڣġ޲⡣ô˵һأ

еԴãݣжûռ˵ıˣ˵ռء
̫֮桢̫λټҷ˾֮Ŵʮ֮أҲѾ߰ʮǰˡ
ݣɺӿڣˣ
岩㶵ӣΪҶûס
һӺưұռ˴ɵذ
ס
ʲô벻׵ģֻҸ̫ͻȻеܲˡ
ҡ
ûˣ


521 İƤ
˶Ǽе£ڼػ
Ʒӵ·Ұ˭õּ˵ķʽҵһ¾͸ˡ
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Ψһһֱ³ľǡֲ
ϻѲ٫岩˸飬Ʒûѧõģѧ˵ˣǼ䣬ˡ
ǣô˵ذϢѴξùǺ
а೯ٷǳǰλãһӰȴ񡭡
˵ǵг⣬۵λ֮һѾϰλõĴڡ
Ϊվһࡪࡣ
ǸսͷϵˣǸԴλͱʤֲִǸĵһս
ݡɺӿڣ૳ע⵽ķԼѾȫһҵľ硣
ĹٰעϣΪһսĵģȴǼֵݺɺӿǵս塣
Բ˵Ǿɶֻİһ㣬㹻Ҫˡ
Ϊ֪ǩĹ֮פ˷ܵΪֱԴ˲ŴӦġ
ݵ󶨿һ·̹;̲̫ˡ
Σӱ߾⾡ǧ֮ңҲտأѾôθ޴Ĵۡ
Ա֮ʩĸо
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Ǹ۵Сطǣʵĵλһ㲻ݡ
ɺӿڷŵɶ뵺мɶɺӵ뺣ڡ
ƻǣɾ֮еĺ˴Ӳ࣬ɺӾһ
Ҫռסţô󶨵½·ܱͨɳݡݣɹǽ
Ҫǣסɺˮ·뺣֮һξ͵ڰ˹½ϣ嶼˴εĺδȴ밶벽
طͺűڣƽʱڿΪ̲һսطϱӦɡ
ɵͱԽֿӦϽͨɶγɶ̬ơ
ŵ˵һо壬һ°֮սӵ˸һĴ⣬˵ƣ̲Ҳûпܡ
뵽һ࣡
ֺĳΪ֮һ࣬޲ؿࡣ
λư๫ôͻȻˣ
Ҳе⣬䣬Ҫࣿ
ʹְ֮·ų֪

ðɣϢҲըҲС
ˣϳȴһֱС΢ϸᣬôͻȻ֪أ
ݣЦˡ
ǸˣǴʱѵˣһ۾ͿݺɺӿڵҪԣһ¾Ͳµһñġ
ǣûʱ򣬲ܷŵȥ
䣬ĪҪļ磬벻䡣

һ֪Լļˣðʧˣ

ǣ˷Իȴ͵Ǹζˡ
߳
ݣҺõر̾ᣬôܷһһֵȥִƴ֣

⡱ȴôξƽ뵽ĵһ£ôƽ
˴Ӻ²֮͢Ե֮ݽӭΪΣ
£
ǲɣе̫ˡ
ѵ£Ӻֻǰ
ӭ䣬һܵĴ𣿱˵ˣҲûǸʸ񡣵ƽٯǸǶĹͣҲӭ֮
£ֲࡣ
ΪѳɣȻδ䵽ʵΪ˷ڣڻǵ͵һЩȽס
üͷһ壬ĻȴԽԽˡ
˵ҲûеҲõһֳͬ
һ룬ӭȻǰϴð취ʢĵ½֪չעһΣЩҲ֮嵭ˡ
ǣȷʵеˡ
ôźأ
Ӻйʵ飬Ҵβܺ˹ģкõİ취
гԣҪ׼ˣԷͰɡ
Уֲȥˣֹ
˷ɹ֮£ѾӺ֤ȥĩҮԪһδƽۡ
׼ˣƽ֮ڡ
һֲۣ͵ûҲʱ̫ۣû취ǷûٶѾˣ˹ʼǻ˵ã
ƴñޣҲðڳ֮⡣
岩Цſżֲϻôģô֪ܲ
õǰɣãҸһ⡣
£һߣӦС
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ǵͷȷʵˡ
ֲвİƤǴʲô⣿ǡ
Ȼһ¾岩˼ЦЦصãҿ
ܲڳʵֵܣӭɡ
ֲǰһڣݽӭأ
˵ҲǸö֪ӺƳʹ֮ʱֵܲйôһŴ


522 촬
Ȼ֪񿪷ϵ£˴ɵЭը˹һġθڵĻӭʽ

ʱڵѾͣЪգûмڻؾ
һ棬ͷһؾҪ½·ûôˡ
һ棬Ƚźò׳Ļᣬ㡰˽ˡ顣
ڵݹЪ죬ܣˣҲк档ʵϣԽ˽ȣͷԽ档
жܣΪ˶飿ܣֻйټҲȫ֪ɣ
ҪȥܣҪš
һҲûʲôͬС
ǣû뵽ǣȰ˱ˮӪ˾
û뵽ǣӪ˾ſڶ֪ʲôʱȵ˽ˣڵˮӪ˾С촬ࡱ
⣬ʲôʱ£
źææµµ޴ޱȵ촬һ𾪡ʱ֮ʮҾ޽ڽ֮С
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Ƚ͵ˮ͢Ƿ˹˰ǮǧʯİƤˣӲԭݺͺݵˮӪ˾Ƿ
̧һָսֵʱû㷱٣ֻڹģ֮һҲܱ֤Һͬʱ죬Ҳǧ֮
촬ʮᶼֵӲİƤеծۡ
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ڣ¶֮ɫݴ칤һǧڽĶ̴ʮҡ
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Ǳ
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оɡ̾ҲֻǴ˵б׽ǵķҲһŲ֪
˵רŸȹܴģ

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ǵ̽Ѿ˶季ķԸûߡˮפһ꣬Ҳȷ˵Զĺ򣬺ͷֱָ
ҲҵǸȺΡ㲻ϸĹеƨɵҰˣʲôûС
˵Ӣһ˷ܣȷʵдͭ󣬶Ҿأ
ȵͷԼԶǵʷб׽һ̫˽⡣ԭڷɱȺûйңʡ¶˲¡
ţȷŰɡҲԸӣٳˣ˵
ΪɶӢȻ벻ͨ
Ĳ˵ϱȺϵͭ󣬾;ֵ˿ɡ
ȿЦҲھռǸǣûǮ˰
ӢεͷϾϧ
ȷţȡ

ڱֱüͷ̽ûʲôȤҪǡ
Ӣ˵ĿյͷȣɺȱǮ𣿡
ģӺȱǮ˵ȥЦ˭֪СľʣǮˡ
룬¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣ˵ȥûŰɣϲҲţС̫ȱǮˣ



523 ȱǮ
ȱǮں·ߵķչֻȷһš

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ɵݾеһǧһ·ĹƷڵݣȫ˹ƣȫΡ
⽿׵Ҳ˰˰ξҵЭĻԱƵ꣬ĳɵгר׺ɡ
ɵˣҲ˵ɺͽ׵ǧ
ʲôս׵㣬һʮһĵǧᡣ
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⻹û꣬ȼˣ˾ƣִȫʮҷֵ꣬ƽÿݾҡ鲼εÿһ䣬뼸Ƶġ
ƿ˴ιʵ䣬ٲ͢ǮһҲǲѡ
ټϡɽУ˲˵СһǮϴһĲ˰һⶼûС
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ѹƣ
벻ףйܳ裬ټҲɣѾӺһвιĵزˡ

٣
Ӣڱ̲Ц£°Ͳôٶһأ
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һ̣ıˣǹɽ¶лó԰һˡ
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ǸŹټһ𡪡ͼǿͼΣ

ȫ֪ˣΪʲô͵ĹԺȴֻǸɽ
ΪʲôӺƷ߿а㣳ףİƤԡӼһ˲Ӷ֮֮
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ΪʲôӺƿԳ֮֮طĲܡ
ԭ͸ԼҵһĿɽ

һͷһҶȵȺĹݣаٹٶĵնĲ⣬ֱͶЦ
һпƷߣ棬ȴǰټЩҲǰټڿֻҪô֮У˭ܰ⵹Ʒӣ
ԺӺƷ֮ǰͽģɽ֮λҲǴǸʱʼһֱȱġ
Ҳ˵ȴӻûʼ֮ǰѾ˾֣Լ̺˺·
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СӣЦһϷŪˡ
ȺٺֱЦ๫ͺãɢȥС
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Сô࣬ôûǮ
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Ÿйˣ嵽ǰָͷɴҪǮɣ
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ҮɺһҮԪҪҪǮ
ͦǮġ
ǼͨɴģǸ޵׶
ǣ԰
ɴͨѾɳ͢ǰ԰Ǯ˽ȥԺȴٳһ֡
ȿûǲһǮˡ꿪ʼ˸˵Ǯнǡ
ǣǮܶô
Ϊʲô
ȲΪǮѣһǴǮʱܹܲãҲûס

˵漰ܴ£ҲͲٶʡ
Ŵİߵһ巿ʱ巿ǰѾʮ׳ӵȵ˵ֱͦˣŶվ
Ӣָʮ˵ˣһǵģһǺݺϱ߾ѡʮʮ׳СҼﶼ滧Сںϳ󣬾Զ
ߵЩǰһǶǴ󺣵Ķӣ𣿡
һ㶣Ȼ
ȵͷţ
ǣԶģ߹Զ



524 ľͷ
ǣԶ˶Զ
ôһʣһڴСǵһ㶣һ£һŵس
ӣС洬̽ȥΣӦԶˡ
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磬ǰң
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ȥʱ棬ôǸʲôľͷʮ԰
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Ķı˵ԶĽ߸˵֪

ʵޣǲҲҪĶһֱ顣
ǣһ㲻ոƣͼǿס
εĺóȻʢȴǵģΪʳεףԼĺȴǴûȥôԶĵط
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ԣΪһʧô׼ȷĶλС
ʮ꣬רѡؿѧϰλ֮ġ
ȶĶλʵҲܼ򵥡ǡ
⣬ֻҪԶô¶̫ļнǣʱ㷽λҲܼ򵥣ǰûһʵŪѡ
׼ȷļʱ⣬Ⱦɳ©ҲڿԽܵķΧ֮ڡ
ڣʣΨһ鷳ǣôôεĺԱЩͼ֪ʶ⣬šԲġ
ԣҪǴɽȥӵѧϴϴԡ
ȱҪŵԲģȻúȥ֤ԲġһǳҪ
ʮͣ״ӵĻ֤˵ԲģӶΪ߸ŷ޵ڽͳ˻֣ǿʼԡѧؿ硣˵ִ㡣
ôԲģܲܺԭǧأȺڴ

ı߸֪
ͷһƷֿʼ߶߶ˣ˵ЩĻҲͲ˵¶ˡ
һתڵҲ˼ˣûؾˡ
ֿһ۵ݴ̾ϧذɣҲû˼˭ûǮأ

һƲ죬ô취ǮҲڵģ
Ⱥٺֱ֣๫ǹšȻСӾڣҲǸӲǣ
ЦõָȣСһѺ֣ƨҲһ㲻
·ϷǴӦ˵ģҪץȥ顣



525 ˾ѡ
˴صݡЪϢһڶԼ·žǶȥ
գۼ͵˴ڣ뾩Ҳ֮ڡ
Ƚеɸûţû˸ͷƣù죬ܱԼһҪǿ

֮˵˳ܲջƣн
ȵͷ꣬ҮԪʱһҮɺδȣҮɺǮټϳ͢˰ǮһƤ̾ҮԪԽԽûᡣ
ͷ˼ȷƵͷǮҪ̡
ջ֮أ
֮󣿡ζһЦ๫أ
֪ȺĶǸĸ⡣
ϷǲҪ£Ϸ֪Ҫô£
˵ֲ꣬һ䣬񷶹ǴΣʮ¡ڹضˣеġ
ȰοϾͷİɣʦһΣҲϷˡοѾΪ˲ֶꡣ
ǵô³
ɵЦ๫ǧͭǮ
˻~һ㣬Ҫӱ֣
š
е£ƣǲȷǴλҪѣ
ȵģ͢ҪһѰƣ𲽹ȡһжۣƽֽңװǮ֮׶Ͼ
ֽңˡ
ӣܲ
ôܣӡβûŪǰնϣұֵ֮ٷǳڣҪӵģ
ϷģСа취ðֽǮңҪŪֽң뽻ӡһ¶
㡭
Ҫ˵䣬ȴųͨ˵ǴʹĹԱˡ
һšüŸյؽô˽ˣ
ȴȻһϲ
תͷ˾ʵ
һ㶣˾ʵǰֵ꣬׵ʱ򣬲һǸ˾⣿ʲô
ȵӣһ㲻ӣҲ;䣬뿴Ӻָʲôá
Ƚʹ˵˳ǰȻ˾⡣
ûˣҲʲôģÿϳ˵
˾һϳȣεһ֣๫ݣ³Խ
̲صɣ˵Щ
˾ûƴˣִٵǳ
һȥͿʼ۵Сۡ˾ⲻ֪ʲôϵҪ˵Ļȴ˵ˡ
ȼЩŤЦ๫ˣʵлֱ˵ǡ
ȴɣʲôҲˣʵܡ
˵һ룬һƵָָ˾⣬ָָȣ㣬һģ
˾֪˵ǵǼ£εص˵ͷ
ȺٺЦ԰ڵôԶɻ๫ۣ
ᣬֱ޷죡
Ȳӣ֪ͷ濴ߡת˾⣬ί˾ʵ֡
ʹ˾Ҳ̲סһۣҪǳû˾ⶼȣôڴˣҲû
ǣ˭๫أù˼ͳ
޷
Ц֪˾ίվͻּʵԻؾˡ
˾һϲѹżȫ²ǲ
űŤϱţѣȴˡ
˵ˣ·Լѡ٣˼˰ɣ
˾һԼѡɣ

ȵһע׫ôɻ⣿

ô⣬̫ˡ
ע׫˼⣬רŸڻʵߣ¼ʵ۵һһУȻְ󣬵ǡ
˴ĳӾλˣʵʵӽӴολӵģǽࡣ
ʵػǡ˼
ǣ˾εԽʱԽ侲
ǵڶأ
һ˲˲ؿפͨʹ
˻һеüôְ
ͨʹĹٽ׺ܸߣƷ˾ֻмԱȻǲʸġңܰע˾ʵ˵Աǿء
Ŷ꣬Ӧؾȴַ䵽ȥԶ볯֣Ȼʲô¡
˾۾һУȣβ©һЦЦı飬ڶȥİɣ
˵ʵôôףԼѡ٣
ûȴ󷽳ϡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ󷫹͡˷֮Ψȱһסӵġѹʯ
Ŷ
ȫ˵ˡ
㽻ף͢ȡƣʱɵĹϵʮ΢һ֮ȥҪסɵۣҪȷ֮ʱɳ֮вһĿεľ档Ҫ
Ҫʲô
ҪΣңΪҲұ֤ܻҮɺ᲻ɱʹ


˵ûôŻ˵ģ˵ôף˭ȥ
ǣ֪˾⡣
˾꣬ûһ˿⣬ʵΪʲôѡң
Ϊ£ֻ£
ҿɴûʹ
Цˣţʶ˾ʵˣ
ȥˣʲôԴ¿ϸҶĿռ䣿
̵İߡӢңͻ̨Ү԰ڴһΪ¾ʣ
˾ⲻ˵ˣͷ˼
Ⱦؿôжۣ
˾̧ͷ˫֮ͫоⱩ
ѡʹ



526 ӭ
Ȳûڴͣ˾Ҳֻڳ̸Ƭ̣³ĿͳʹĴ
˾ˣζضȵĶͻôһţ
һüͷŶ
ôǸˣ
˾ʵϷжšݴѧͨŲ񡣽һĲ˵ݳҲǳ
Ѿѻ˵ײʹɣ˵һҲʮΣյġǸ˾⾹Ȼ޾ɫ侲ȨԴȻһ̬ѡ·
ո˵ˡ
Ц๫ãѡĿдʧ
һһĹԱ֮Уһʱ벻ɫˡ
ЦȻҲλԺǺʯĴڡ
ǸɪӣЦһ˳֮ǰԸСһ𣬵û뵽ôɾͰѲʹˡ֮࣬٩ȼ䡣
ɾͻؾˡ
ѽʶӦţͷ˵
ؾ֮úúù˰ɣ
ôˣ
һɾͿʼˡ
ɫɺת
ԽԽʵı飬ʹ졣
ĳЩ˿ǿºڣ״Ԫİ
У
һ˦ӣϻеһ㣬µͷᣬԶ㣡

ƵźЦռһرˡ

֮ʹɳڻص⡣
Ӻ̸УΪ֮£ڿ⴫ˣǴζ궼ûйĴϢ
ԣŶİվڳǱķţӭʹŵĹ
ȰϣԶͼǰɽ˺Ⱥӵ֮УǺ̹۵ľԱʱǽһ
·Ͼ͵Ŷ˼¶ҵǼɵ죬Ǳ˾ҪǼֵܡ
ˣܿʹԱˣǼֵûǼǰıһˡʡ
һϲĻǼͷHУѶӶ˳£ŷʾͱ˹ȥ
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Ҳӭ¶ñطȻЦ⡣
Сӣɴˡ
ϴμ滹ǰݣһȴôȥˡ
ȺٺֱЦʲôʱؾģǰкһ
ʹ֮²µּһؾǰյ
ǨмιԺУ٣ⲻôְӭʹˡ
ţƲ죬СҲɡ
ʿǻԪ״ԪڣⶼͷˣŻؾУȷʵʶ¡
ôû֣
֪ʲôȷҽ͵֮ģΪûּ˵
ȵͷǣڻ㲿ŶһȷʵڹݸоʷҪǿöࡣ
ʱȲǼֵܣҿǼͷأ²ʹ𣿡
ʿЦѽû䣬ˡ
յȶߣںͷèء
˵̫꣬񣬶һ䣬ˣ̫
һЦô⼸췹ûԺã͵һ˳أܱǡ

ҡͷÿλҲȥˡ
Ȼ󡭡
ȻȾͳɤŶ¿ˡ
ܲʵأô򣡡
䡭

Χ۵İձвپȳʹļ֤ˣ֪ƷǼֵôһֵġ
Ʒôһ£һ¾ˣҲ׵ȼ
Ϸඣ

ܲʵһɤûˣȽŽУô˭ˡ
ˣˣ
ǼֵڹҲס棬С
ڳһۣлʲôûеأ
ͦӲ˵ֵܼΪױ¶ǿиɵıʡ
أȷô˵أʹĶӰǽӣ˭Ĺأ
ЦøǴ
ܲʵһһ󣬻˵ˡ
ʵѼֲʮ˴˸飬ʲô⣬ǵǼֵ¶غˣģ
ȼǲ˵ĿϾʹ˰ݣһƲ죬˵ǼҪңô˵飬ּԴҲ
㡭
ʲô㣿Ǽķô˲ӬƵģ
ܲ㵱ֵܼԸҫǻΥŲС
һ㲻һԣ
ҲԸ⿴һ¶һ¶
ܲǰҳʱֵܼǹֻô˵ţԼôԼģ

˶࣬ظһ飡
ȵǲǸٵİ࣡



527 ӵй
üͷ壬ȳڳû濴С
еˡô˵Ҳǳ͢ʽĽʹ֮񣬵೯ٵ棬ſյ棬ôҧǼֵܲţɺͳ
οѻ˵ôûǼֵǻˡ


˶࣬ظһ飡
ȵǲǸٵİ࣡

ȼܲϣȵıϢֱ֮ܲ
Ʒһضûһ涼û
㣬񲪣ܲЪ˹شȡ
ô˵ҵҲǻ׹ݣǽʹǡ
㡭С˵־˷
ӺƣʵҲǳȡǷʹڣעķִ磡

Ϊ֮һͣȻⳡ濴Ź񫣬˵Ҫ⼸ֵƷӿɾʹռɲռˡ
ִ磿Цһʲôִ磡
Ǽ£ҹǵʱ򣬿ִ磿
һסıʱ򣬿ִ磿
֮ǰʱ򣬿ִ磿
쳹ţʵʶص˼ӣЩܵȥ˵
ϵЦ⾡ؿǣǻҡ
㣬˵˵
ЦҺ˵˵
Ȼǰһץܲ졣
Ӹɵ²ʣȴǹʡСүû׹˻һ棬⼸ûһҵ鷳ɣ
Խ˵Խܲգ죬ȥǣӵ鷳
ִ磡
зִʱǵŵ㰡
ǵǽŰ

ܲձȴͨ졣뷴Ʒ״ħƣԼҼֵֽܶŹǦһ㣬Ҷһ¡
ɣ
Ӻƣ
ͬʱ
ͷǴӳǰ־ҪǷֿ
ˣ
ֵ
ȫȻܲݣ¶һ˿
˳һƣܲЩ˸
תУ١޲һĲ˼顣
Ǽ˶˵Ʒӵţȷģм
Թԣλţơǿǻ׹ݣ
ʲô˵
ʲôҹǵĻ
ʲôԼ˵ʹ
λ裡

֪Ǳʲô
֮ʣƷֿˣȴǶڳİպͳ˵ġ
ƷӡС쵰ưΰ࣡

аɡвİհһ¡
ԣȲŭһЦаɡ
ûһǺģôҡ
Ӳڡ
ȴʱݼŤݺݵصųǰÿһˡ
ɣǰסȡ
ȥɡ֪Щί
һ˦ʣң
ȣӲں
ҡ
ȣ
û˵ԼǺˣ
ȥסȴˣӺ˵ɣ

ǶˣʮĶ֮ˣ
ǡһ١Ӷģ
ûιһж
ûεһ
ûһĵ£
ҵĶ񡭡
һָǼֵܣҵĶ񶼸󳯵İࣻҺµģ
ǶǷ裡
ҪţԺҲҪš֮󣬺֮Ȼ˵иӣ
ǣǧͻ򺺶ǰ
ʲô
Ƿ裿ɵǶǼ飿кιϵ
ƷӣƷӰɣ
˭˭Ҳں
˵͵صѪӣָˡ
ҾƫҪǿƫҪһһĴ
أ
˲𣡣˭
վ

ա޲ʶصһһʱ֮䳡ţҴ
ʹǷʡӵӺƣ
ǷŭģŭίΣҲж԰־ľȻŭмǡ
ں£һŤת˴εƣԲϣиķһ𡭡
١¶

˭վ
ȼ˻𣬺һͷǰȺ֮С
ڣȺ֮һºӣͻأǰ
㲻
ǺӲ𣬻ȭӴ壬ĳܲ
ԴɰԺ֮Ը־
˵˴ʩһ
ӼǷӣ²ţԸ㹫ӱӽ쿪ʼĳҽС
衢ӣ

º˼ȭҾºİ˰ֵܡԸ֮־빫ӹ쿪ʼĳͽС
衢ӣ
СΰԸΪӣ
Сǡŷӣ

ǻԭǸǣͷǰİ͵ľѣǵ
Ը湫ӹ
εķӣ



528 ˮ֮֮
ǣҾŪףô쵽ģ
ȵС¥οΧת˺üȦ
ȰĿӾ֮Ų̧۳˼һۣ˵ôҮɺôȳҮԪ
ûõġοһ˦֡Ǿһ治㣬οǻڶ
˵跢ԽԽ¯ˡǰµ֢ҪʦǸƨɣȴǲԼʹˣŪǼֵһɧ
˵˵ô쵽ģ̽ǣֵлҲԳȥˬһˬ
ɸжô·
һƲ죬ʵڰ
綼˵ˣʱɫ˵ͱ䣬շ磬Ϊ֮
ˣôţһ˹ߵߣһ˸ѪͷȻĻɿ飬óѹΪѲɣ
ο뷶һۣʹ˵ͷ
ϰɣû¶ǲЦ㣡
⼸ͷһ취ûС
˵ʹʲô۴룬
㿴
ָȣο˵ûƣż仰Ҫйˡ˵˵ֵǳʶ
Ȳ죬ýͷǸһΣҡͷԵصĵ
³ڿԻ֮Уڸ֣֮δ֪Ҳδ֪Ҳδ֪Ҳδ֪Ҳδ֪Σ
Ūˬȴοһ㶼ֵĻᣬҪ˵ǡӡеġ
ߣҲߣˮҲˮۣˮۣԴ˼ΣΣɶӰɣ

ˣҲ޷֮⣬ɵһƲ죬Сү㱳죡
ĻŹȳԱĻ᣿
ӵӡƪҲд˾䡪˰ȻӰλԻߣҲߣˮҲˮۣˮۡ
񲹵ƴʷ⾤ġҪκ̫ڵһ仰ڴˣҲˣˮҲˮۣܸۡΪηʥּ
Ʋһ񣬡⾤ֻ¼κô˾ڡ̫ʮ˼衷Թڴ󣬿ηΩˣ۸ۣ

ȰͷĴ
ô˵˵
ۡ
˱ﲻס֣ҲǱ㾭ˡ
˵˵
Ǻƽ
ˮۣ࡭

ɣСοֹ
꣬˵Ҳˮƽˡ
죡ȱˣȭͷҪˣɢ
úõôأô˵ȴһûлڹ֮⡣
ο˵˵֤ˡ
Ȱһôôһѣ
ˮ
ôˮƨɴ಻ˮ۰ģˡ
⣡³ĸ֣һҲن¡
⣿οšü֪鼤ߡǣô֪һӦһ˳˵أ
ʱ
ʱ˸ǺͿʲôʱ
ʱ
ŶȥһҸаɣҴаɣ
˵ţװģһ֣ʩһ񣬡˲С˹ѻ˵ʲôʱ
õһʱȻǴȥ֮裬˴ǵĵڶ֮ʱȻ˵ʲôඡ
οȻͷѹʱôһҲԣǸʱ˵ˣҲûŰ
ֱӣǵʳǰǳļ𣿡
ǵðοʹͷʱһжҡźҲ˵ⷬĻ
˵οԲ۾ˣ
ʱûڵƺãȴǰ裬ҵж飬Լһʱ
ȵͷඣ
ʱ˵עȦ˶Ǯϣ˭ҲûôȦȥİƤһ
İƤ˸ɡȥʲôˣ
ȵ⣬Ӧôõ⡣
ǻعͷ˵۸ۡ⡣
ʥı⣺ΪˮΪۣˮ۲֮
ǣһǿʥû˵ȫġ
ʲô
Ȼ˻Ǿǣˮ֮ۡ⣬ǰУ˺
ڣƶǶ
ȼ޳ˮ޳ƣȻɽΪˮ֮ҲˣҪͨɰȷķǰˮۣ֮Ҳ˳Ҳ
Ϊʲôҷǳļ裬ڳǰŭȰյԭ򡣡
ĳ˵ˮ֮
ɵ˼ǣҲ
ȻҪƶΪߣΪߣֻԡˮۡΪʩ֮𣬻˵ȵ޸⣬ǾѾˡ
ҹ黳УЩϸ΢֮˼ҪʱʱӪġֻ˳Ŵε棬һ·Ҫķ򡣡
һܲʵֵӸô𣿡
ȼص㣬ֻҪѻβһģ

οɵˣǲ̫ᱳʲôӡӡӵԴô˳ġ
ûУתͷ񡣡ѧŵ㣡
šҲеɵۣ㶵صͷ
ôǷһη裬˵ͷͷǵ





529 Ҫ
ǿΣ
һںţҲȶжǮҵģλ๫ܽġ
γȡмǧͨգǲǱ䷨ܷɹĹؼ
ʹȰûȫǮᵽΣ˹ﻹһֻҲһֻе򣬶ɲǡ
ҪһεѪԹ˵ĵǿԶơ
ֻβ˵ǿˡ
ǼҪٵˣĲ˵ֻҪŪˣͨĵһܲ˵ġ
ư졣˵ԽԽҵˡ
ȺһۣѾúˡ
ȴ룬ǰӰһ˳
һɱپʵڣ֮ãǼأ
ȶһӭȥ磬ʲôʱģ

ſǷʺ䨵Ĵ
Цȵļ򣬡յ״˺ͷʦ˰ˡ
ǸСˡ
ȼæý
ʱοǼҲ
ȶˣȲŵؾˣ
ͷͬƽʿҲ֮ˡ
ˣ֡
ʽӵһƹ˵УҲûؾˡոսӵ뾩ţ¸½ӷء
ЦӦ
ԺҲõӵʱˣӽ꿪ʼǰ翼еĶ½ʱ˵һɲС
ҪСЩٳеͼԱһûʲôɱ˹⼸꿼ȥ١ǶĹţضʱ򣬱ȳϵ๫á
һǴʹɼѻΣҢѾϸ˵ˡ
˵˴̾򵥰ʮصҾôôˣ
Ⱥٺٴֵ֣һᣬֵһᡣ
Ϊ湦һ᲻ֵһ᣿ټҷͿٲ˵˰ɣ
û˵ѾϻˣͣôͣҲʹõóֶ֣ò֡
Ŷ
һǸ٣һȻŮ
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ֵܣֱǽѲ
ǵͷû˵
治ø
ٵĻˮ٣ﳯЩ塢ѧһͣġ
ҲС
û˿ԣԺȵ٣͸ˡ
ɰĵŰɣټǲɵģ
ֱ죬ʲôĵģòֲҰ¶
Űɣһһ졣
ðɣҪǵ¶ЩΪѡԴһȣţƺ;׿ɸ趼ȥˣȴǲ֪ôԲˡ

˼ҳ˰죬֮ʱˡȴ
Ҹæ
۾һҪ˳ʹ֪ˣ
˭˭ȥ
˶࣬񲻺úʹֻð£û棡
ͷ죬Ҳ֪һ½ðĽǣȹϵǷԲɻǱû˵˵ʲô£ˡ
мسһ֣ѹ˵ӣ¡
Ȳ鲻ԸصһۣǾ˵˵ɡ
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Ҫˣ
Ҫʲôˣ
ָ˾£ӪӪͷ
һüе¶㻹õң֪һǰıҲҪɣ
Уǵôɳ档
Ϊɶ
Ϊʯһϵ١
գ
ô˵ϻôҲ찡
ʯȵĹϵʮֵ΢һ֮ǰйڣֲʯʲôǲǻǼ˹ϵһ㡣
ʯҲΪˣڶ֡Ϊս£Ҳһ仰ʯ¾һ
ܻܲˣҪʯҵ˸ɵ
УһڻؾӪ
үֱӿ㲻ȥˣ
װɵٺٺЦӲǴ𡭡
һۡ
֮ǰ˵νϵ׵ٹ̣˭εı˭ҵĽҪʯģȻʯһϵ
ڣ˼ҵԼӪһˣǨþͺʯûϵˣȫ
ǽû𣬵
Ҫǻһɣȷλ磬
У񲻳һסɣŴûбʵġ
գȰ
ȥŰɣ취
֣ǾͶ˰ҵϢ
˵꣬һ̶ˡ
ȿıӰ˼
ʼüͷչȰֻһӪУʯһڲӡɺαΪѡ
ҡͷǲһմ߶鷳
ΪΣ̺϶ʯңټҲ㣬ֺαԾ
ȵټҵûʲô±ġ



530 ԲĽ
±ģ
ãȻӣһʱ²Ʒӻʲôµġ
̧ۿˣûãһе𣿡

һ룬ô¶
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ΣҲǰֺȣ˳һ
Щ´һ˿̧ͷ˼
һֶʲô˼
Ц˼ڣǿ϶ġ
ŶɡԼã
ȵ˱ھ֤
ģ˵ȥ𣡣

üͷ壬Ȼ֪ΪβնݳѼھУ
⼸꣬Ҵݳ֪ǾԱﵹǶ˼Ӳʡ
ҡͷϾǻףδãµ뷨Ҫ
ٲż϶ɣ
УǼᶨţ

ʯʲôϵο廰ת䡣Ǽûйϵ£ôţô¡
ȵͷ
ʿȵı飬²ǲǷʯҵɣ
һã󻺻ͷ
ǰɡ
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꣬ǷҵĻ֮ԼΨһʲƼʳ̡һ롣
տڰżҳǮ̿⣬ȴżһ
򣬽ʱգݳһСʸʹ̺ͬϡ
˵ҡܼҡ˼ҡҡң⼸ˡ
ʯһмɵྴõľ档ȼһǷҵ飬˹ϸ𣬽ң˵ǲ
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ʵͷǾ͸Ͻˡ֮Ҳģˡ
ȿɻֻһһʱˣٲù״ԪĺԸô
ȺһۣҲѧˣҲ״ԪϷˣҡ
ʹЦ˭ţƤ죬֮ʱ֪ƷҪ״Ԫ
գȰһ壬߶ߣĳҪˣ
˴Цߡȴǵ˷ʱȥˡ

ҪˣȻҪǷ飬ʵʲȴǲѡ
ŽĴһЩƷʯңŽڿɲǸսʱǸûʶС̻ˡ
һŽĵ֣˭˲֪Ӻϵͷ˲ܾݡ˼Ҽ˷ᣬǳֵܵĴ󡣴εĹȦӣҪһӡ
ʯһλӭ
ŽҲȵ˼һתʯȻûʲô˵ӺǸӣв֮
ʯҵͷڱǱߵĵʲôģ͸ˣԸ
ҲһĶ鱸սĴȡ
ڼ䣬ԺѧҲ
֮ǰ˵εĿƾʵеǽ⡢ᡢԣһҪ
Լԣɸݸ֯ӦѡθݾӢѧ;μӻԡԵùǵԣҲ׿ֻеԸͷ״Ԫɡ
˵δؾӽãвŻҲûݸ˽ԲС
ǣˡ߿
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˵Ҳ飬ĳĴʦصصķ߿϶ȵطҪһЩҲһЩ
ԣĸѧӣǹٻӵܣѡѻǨ뾩ǣڴȡ⡣
һУƼһд裬Ҳһߡ
ÿȵͷһ꣬ѧӽĸ߳иԺΪ
ѧ˵ģȻͷԺ
ԴˣɣɲһգȡƷѧ¼֮
ϾԽѹҲԽ綼ôãҪоٱˣٲñ˽ͷ

µ֮£ѧ˶࣬ȴ٣Ҳôʮ
жȲʶģҲСģ硪
ȻֻųƣָȪݰµͬӣѧˣͬꡣ
ģ䡢
˵Ǹװ׾ľ䣬ʵ˰졣
СжסȣЦġûУһ
ؼǣһȻ󡭡
ָһ㣬һеġţһġùˡ
ôҪԲĽడ



531 ǧƾٵһ
ΪһԽߣΪһԱʷΪ˽ĴԽߣȻڵĴѾȽ͵áĿȫǡٻصԭĹ켣ȵЩν֪ȾҲó
˵νηѾԤˡ
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ӶҲȼҪμӵⳡȣΪǧƾҫһơ
һƶЩʲô˰ɣ
ΰ˴ĳޡ
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䡢ʯ䷨Ҫ
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˵ˣôţͬⱾϵҫ
ֻͬ̽һܣƵ϶ֵĽͻĪ˷һ㡣
ҪôͲҪôҪǿĶһ£

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һơǹԺĶϷ
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˷ϣļҲѾ꣬ӦͣԸʦͣкţĸӣֶӣ͵˹
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ɲ֪Ȳ̫½ǵҳȥߵĽΪ⼸ڵòᡣ
ֻʲôڣԼ֪ء

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£½ؽѧûмʶţˣˮƽȴ
ĩѮѮȾȻҵȶûϣɼ֮ҡ
ȸӵĲ͵ҹížҪЩһϸ¡
ֽŵѧϰΧ֮УοҲģŬ
Ϊǽԣֻʣһʱˡ



532 ҵ
С¥￴飬ʱҲȥˡ
Զ塢ѧԳεĽ׶ΣڹĹ̶ҵĶûͨʦǵĽѾˡ
ʵϣǴѾôȥϴˣǺһضΪĳ֪ʶȥһеҲתЩɨ©Ĺ
͡䨡︴䭵ҲǰתƵָ㣬轲ѧ档ҲʶһĳͣԺôһʾ׵ѧˣҲǸġ
һƣǹ۷壡

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һ磬Сþܵˡڰǰ飬ҲҴ˵ֻĬĬ˱ϴ
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һһƪۡƣһ
СڶؿȲһЦûʲôˣһʱʲô
Сô۾һתʹҡͷʲô¶ûеӡ
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׿Ťֻͬ⡣
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ҵ£൱ڱȱԸһڹʲôڿƾ֮Уһˮ׼ˣнʿѡǳƣûʲô̫μȡ֮ϯҲûܡ
˵Ӧǡ
ǣˣһôǳư
һˮ׼óһˮƽпôһϣºЩǧŴţһ
ԣȱ뱣֤ҵϵˮƽС

Ϊţ̫ˣټϼ׵ֻ֮ޣ֮ңǳ޷ġհѧʴɵţˣҲδ׵ȡ
ԣҵСҵϣ׵ȵĲֻں֮䡣˵䲻ģȫʦǵϲöȡ
ҵµˮƽֻܱ֤У״Ԫȴǲ˵˼ҪõҵϵĳɼпܲǸԼ



533 ȶı
οһӣЦ㻹뿼ʲô
Ҫҵϡ
գοһڡ㲻Ҫƴһ״Ԫɣ
̧ͷ㿴ǿЦ𣿡
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ɻ̲סˡˮƽ϶ѣǰڽʲô
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ѣһԴƾɶհ˵Ҫ״ԪﶼӦӺ˵Ҫ״ԪҲǺ˵Ҫ״ԪôһƵġ
ƫҪǿҲôһ亹
οɣ֪˵ʲôҲûˡ
գˡ
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ƨο޺޵ȥȥ
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ȿ鿴磬е㷢飬緹ˡ
˸Цүǣɸ;׿ˡ
ȥʳͷһһ˳Ժɽɽȥ
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Ѿϵıʵ1%
ŴҲɵܽᾭ֮£ִࡣֻΪûкôӪϵıһ㡣
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һһųԶʳΣ
ͨһҲһٶҲ1200ҡ
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ʵĵľԶں֣ﵽ֮
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ѹִ˰ǧʱڹᣬȴö죬߳˰ն
ֻһӪȳһ
ôһġ
ӪȰһͷ
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һˣû˵ܾѾˡ
ϡͣô㲻Լˣ
ӭãȫɰııﲻ㡣
ǰһǵˣӪأָҿ
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µȲ̫ģȻڴ֮ЩѾˣΪװƥǱԴǴġ
ǣȻˣҲ̫ģΪţĻûأ
ڡ
Ȼ֮䣬ֻһ¡¡ƹİԶ̨һͨҲ
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534 
˵ĻԡԷӵµģȻɹ˵Ҳǹ
ģĹβʱľˮƽ˵һΣʹǶϴɵսҲռһơ
ǣãȴʺӪ
ȣｲһԿ졢װӣһӪܴﵽġ
Ϊȱɹһսʿƥ˾ͻΪӪװ׽һƥĸɡ
ΣӪ䷢Ǹ󣬲ʺս
ΪһʱңʱȷʵȹҪʡܶ࣬ҲƣǣĻȻԼһȱݣ޷γս
Ȼһڶûװϣ˼ùѾüˣǻʲô
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ڵӪѾһ㡣ŵ˵һսǧҮɺƤ̾
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¡¡֮ԽԽʲôȵˣ
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УһǣȻ䣬һ֧ڼսɱ
һĸͷԱȳеͨҪߴһڣսȺ˰ͷҲҪ񿡲١˴ڼУǺĸ
֮ԻűȱߴΪµĸǺǴͨͨ·֮Ȼ˴ǮӺںŪġ
ҲǺʱȺ׳ߣٶҲǺɱȡ

ͷɫУݵʱУ̨ϵһӪҲԾվ
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ʹ֮ǰӪʹսʲôоǣ˭Ҳôͣ
еļǧɺӿ˵ӭսһ˼᲻׷״á
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ôǡսûκζ赲ûκεƿķ
ղ˵һû˵е̧νΪһǰֻӱġ
Ρ侭ҪҲװؼףۼסΪ˼ǰѡȹۻһֵƤۡ
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ոԹԣ̨϶ɵˡôôεס
Ҳ۾ð⣬Ҳ
϶ҲǼòУҾѽôûȥһӪ
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535 ڼ׶
ֻǺѪʵȻͬԴǺѪֻزͬˡ
ʱ幵ڶγʹ򣬴һǧƥΪƸӭȢ󺺹
ۻͦˣȻܡֶŮϸ޵
治ԼŮ۰ⲻ֪ضǣһ︻ļҶüǧƥȢ󺺹ˡ
˹Ϊˣе¡ɳķʫ䡣
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ʵ۴֣ͬǺѪ
ѪѾԭܵõõˣغͺһúں̺һһƥ˰ٹǮǮƤֱǰӾëˡ

ƥĳɱȼ϶С˵˼кأ
ټϣȴҪһǧ˵ĸϺڣ˵öǮɣ
ƽһȻ׶ϣ²
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˼ȫ170Ҫţ˵أؼ·ټ˵׵߰ٽ֮ޣѾƥԣֻսһӣҪжƥϢˡ
ܾû˵ʺȫװָĳѪڣӶǣܲҲһӪ
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ΪʲôǶԵʹʱķ͹Ϊ̫أһȥ˼Ҳֻ˸ʮŮͯң⻹ǸӣŻˡ̡ġ
һ˵һȥӾͲˡ㻹һ˿ɫ֮࣬Уʫĺô˵ݻᡣ
Ȼ󣬾Ϳˡ
ǻµʫ֮мѡĲɺãֺĽһ֡
֮ʱûѡϵȻǾܶԶ֮ѡϵҲˣԶء
ʱǳ˭ҲţõģܶһǹױţʫĵǹʫʣΪУҲΪ
˼ɺ㱻˼ҹļǵͬʱҲڿǲʵѧ
һأ֮ʱ¥СЪ׾ƣŮ輿㣬̸

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ʱǱȲȷΣ̸ЦȻ˼ʱˡ
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Ϳִ˼άĺˣҲòڡ족֮¡
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ĲռУаʵĶ

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С󣬻й
漸Ҫ߱˲С
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ʦҪǳ˵ˣҲû˭Ҹüӣǰš
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һšüū
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ڶ˹ԺĲ
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542 ŮҲʩ
Խ棬ֻøūΪʲôЩ
λūɲһӣ˼־½컨Ůӡ
˷ܵɽҲǳǮǵЩǳѧġ
˵˴հһ㽣ū־ڸԶǹļλʦʵģӦЩ˵

Ӧ춼ֵˣˡ
ôģ˼ûƵ㣬㻹ظ£
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հ־Ҫη°ͷˣôһ֧ʻȥ·أ
룬ȥǿһ֧㲻ôأ

㰮ôţôŰɣ

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Ƚȥһɸ绻װò㣬׿ҲǴһ°λİȹһյˬӢƽ
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ȿЦŶ˳šߣȥ仨ӣ


СԺ⿴ȴž׿װɸİ˵
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ֻÿ߼ͣ߼ͣ

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߿ž㣬ұɸ磬ӵұĸоһɸҲ֪󣬺ǲ졣
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ɸͷȴģ˵˫˿һۻͱء
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ǰߵĬĬز˰ϵĺ飬椶С常ţˣå˳ְƨˡ
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𱿪˵ūпͣȴϲ˵ˣѲáӣλ̸䣬滺һᡣ
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΢΢ͷҿλǱˣСūһᣬ˵ūһˣĵҲδ֪λܲһҹװ˷˻Բ֮ɣ
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Ϊ˼ūǼģװ˺Щš
͵˫һ¥ϴУūˣհ˲ʲôöĪҪ

֣Ǹˬǲ棡
ȴ룬ƨһۣȵ
װװ



543 
һ߳ȥհߵһ֣ٺ٣Ҷ
ǱߣصҲڿȡ
Сƽͣô
ðɣһһϷУغٺټЦٲ³ʲô
ǣİɣ
΢ЦظȷԼĲ²⣬һָհ
һ浱ǲŹھʦūķġԭǺٻ֮Բɫģ
ӻ㵽󡣱Ҳûǰװ13ֻ붺ǰˡ
ر͵ȵϷŪ۾Ȼȥʰ㣡
Ҳ޺޵ȥ㻹ôװģ
Ҿġ
ȥʰͲ˰ɣ
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װεݻʤ£һС
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հô죬Ӱ֧Ӧе˵ȥ˰ɣ
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һϣհҲãӴҲգ治οǼ档
⼸λϾǰвѧϻһ㡣ΪӹǣλȨأʲô涼ʹٺõӣҲܰѳֵס֪ʲôĳϣԼӦʲôλá
⼸Ӧ
ӣ
¿ˣ֮иֲáӺò״֣ôָֻˣ
˭ǹԼ
úõĿȱ˻ˣԺ֮󣬿ɲˣ

һһ룬¥ҲǹԵˣٲȺçҲ¥¶ַˣȴ¶ɣǿݣǿĶ񰡣

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ףΪʲôһϣֵǻ磬ֻһȺųಲġˡֺܹȥΪ¡
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Ӵ~~ˣˣһֶ֪˵һסˡ
ðɣʹ׼һŷ֣׼㰡ֻ½ĹߣȻվŸƵĽ
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ͦõɫ΢΢վ¥ϣӸµߵ⵹ˣֵطôﰡ
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ۡ
أǶˡһȷʵģž׿󣻶Ӳ֪ǰľƷӣ¶ɵĶȥˡ
ͨԵɣһ䳰ȷҲĴһ̬سҾ
ȣӺƣ衭
һƲ죬ǣ治ˣ
ơ
¡һûӲ㱳ȥ
Ӻơ



544 һŮ
Բ֪ԺĶĻˣҲԲ֪ϵĽΪʲôЩ֮͡ǣ֪ܲﻹһӺơ
γ˭֪ɽŸƷӣ
ƣƹӡɫɷף˵Ựˡ
λǲ
˵ˣ˭ǵƷӣ
һżҳҢĸۡȻӵƾղǼ仰¥˶ûȥ

ι͵һУ¥ݣǰ־͸Լһ͡
ų죡
̧ۿȣӴ˴ĪһʶǸ˵˻׮
ۡ
޲֣ӻ졣ǽ
˵㲻ҵȣ֪˭ɣ
ǲ룬һ۵ɹЦ˻ȥ

һ΢΢̾΢ЦŻǰ𱡣
ˣڵͼʲôһʶһʶġ
֣ǹѧ²СڣȻЩҲǲĻˣ¡
Ȼ˵üΪϿңΪڸոգһ˿
ıǺõģҲνࡣҪǿΣҪһȺһ̵ķӣڵӡ
ǣվǷӣҰ˵ʲôҲϲ̨棬ܱµļֵ⡣
ǰٽӴ䣬ãֻĹлͦõġ
ڣҲһ㡣

ǳϿңȴܵġϾǸˡˣͬʱҲһˣ
ô꣬˵һӳԲѷǳдԱ׹ģмк³ˣ
ƹӣɱɱд
ҡͷΡ֮ѾģٶҲͽ͡
ˡȥɡ
ִӻһѽҶӣҲܶ١
Ҳ˵Щûõģдǡ
ңҡҽӣơ
ûӶʲôµţǮǻкã
ЩˣرǵײˣԽԽûס

һ⣬谲±ǡ
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棡
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һŶĻ棬߸ϣȴûһ˿ﶯ

ˣˡհ㶵ؿŻ죬Ƥ᲻գһ¡
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Ųһ٣ĬȻӶͦϴеѳֲסˣֻԶۣɽʣҲһצĵĿӣһЦ


㶡
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ɸһ٣ʶ㣬Ƹ˵ģ˰ɣ

ǣ룬صѾ
λؾūɣ
յüҡ


545 
ҲѹհΪǧŷһˣλڲʮˣȴѾѷ°ͷǱʱ¶ˡ
ؼū޲£ֹ˶֮ĳҲһ¥µſ޼ɣǼֻŵȡ
Ψһ󷽣ūǰӳȻ񣬲ǹĽ֮Ҳ˿Ρ
ūյüʵҡ
ū̲סúÿһۡ
ҲǶ࿴һ۰ˣ촽ϣǰƵ壺
λӣ롭
˵꣬ȹһĻȥ
հһ㱣ˣˣһһЦǷ飬ڴˣ಻Ϊ

̾һ㲻ΣūĶУ̲סڿЦСȤǸֱֱȥˣôһѾγ٬ˡ
Ȼǰһ䡰һ˲ǧĺܭ޴ļѾ̵档ȻҲֻܱǵͽˡ
û취ʵǲпģĲɵģֱ̹ûĲɵģƤ
ͺñԼڣ
˯𣿡å
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ʱοǼǽһɪ

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˵еƷӣмֿ֮⣬ԼˣҶţԼҵطѾˡ
ʱӺǰŮӣұǡǰ絽οˣǸˣΧһţĿˡ
ūȶû̧ͷһۣûôһ㡣ǷݴӹĲм˭ӡ

ϧȻ治Ǹ˼
Ǻһ椶ġ
жʱδ˿ĵͶ룬˲ʲô˶صأ

˵ɽѮȡ˹׵ȣϲɺء
ˣʲôˮƽ㻹֪ɵģ
һЦǻǻɣһ˶֪ļ׵ȿɲá
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һ̡
ȣɣ˵ʱе㲻֪òˡ
˵ʵôĶ𣿲һҶ˰ɣ
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Ҳģ۾Щ˵ˣֻ̲Żᣬý˵Щ֮ԣ
˵һҮԪóҿɾͳ˰ɲһСЦ
ҮɺôϣҲڡҮɺҮԪʱҿǳ˴ģһҮԪóҿɾͲˡ
գ¾ƱɸȻظж˾Щͻأ
ȻȳһµǽͰѻ˵ɡ
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󷽡ȣȵĻȻ˵Σ
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ȵ㱣֤εһ֪ǵڶ֪Үɺ֪ңһþ
òصͷ
ã㣡


546 
㣡мѵ˵䡣
ȻһЦ֣㲻ңֻҪţҮɺĴɶԴûôҮԪĴɶԴθûôֻҵĴɶҴβкôģˡ

㶵ؿȣ䵹ʵڵòʵˡ
~~̾ΪЩˣ˵˵ȥ˵˽һ㣬ȫֵ֮ˡ
ûӣͷһ
һ仰û˵Ϊû˵ʱ

ū˼ȴʱʱسƳһƳ
˵ʲôӱϲѿĵı֮¡
ū䴫Ӻɹԡ
¶ʱֱģǰ¿µɾǧ𣬿ǰ˳ֵܣһź

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ȴūͶ룬һʱỽūŻعȻһЦùӼЦˣ
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û˵ûϵһһūζʮ㣬СѧҪѻ궼ˡ
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Ȼ˵Ǳߵġ

ԣūͷתӲǺ޺޵һۣʲô󣬺ū԰̾Ǹӣۡ
һʱ֮䣬˾Ҳ޻˵֪ΰο

ʱıһ͹˳
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񳯣¥ν̨ƽԺȻνΣ޷ı¥֮绨ѩ¡续ڴ˵
žӣֺͬԹأ


Ƕɵˣĵ˵ҲͱƷӲôһˡ
˵ԣͣɵǧ䣬ھǽ¡
𿴲ʮˣЩġ
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Цأء
룬ūȴ֮ԶȻ˹֪ʱգ¥ѷǱˡ¥¥֮е˸˼һ㣬ū֪ġ

˵꣬ūѾţƹôЩ糾޿͵أ

תҲ̫ͻȻˣôһ¾ͳȥˣ
ʵūڶҲʹС˼
ǣĵطȴ
ɴ˿ɼȴŮĴڣūҲ΢ʵģȴЩΪѵ˼ˡ

ֱѻȸԼȲ㷴ӦĹˣң
ѽĪƹû
ȿЦûŹ֡ƺΪ԰ڣ޲ðѷǶƿ

ȱǣǲˡ
һʵǹ֮¥󣬻ǽ̨֮ʲôأֻǸνˣؼǿסˡ
סǻϵۣסȴǽӧΪأΪҲ
̲סͷ˼˵û֮أأ֮ᣬᡣ
ֻȼ
ӢÿŮ糾
и߽ΪѾ¸̼֮˺Ůǧ
ɼ֮ʵ㰧Ҳ
ΨرģϧΪҲ԰


˵꣬쳡
ݺ˿ĭĵˣհܺƣӺƵĶ֡



547 ǧ԰
հƽʱȴרŮ¹򣬶Ӻʱ޿̲ںơ
ˣһӡһӡ¥¥ˣ˸ȫλ
ǲҪƤˣ˵ˡ
ŪˣΪʲôӺ߻һһ䣬ŮңΪʲôհһ仰ܾ˷ˡ
λһȣԼƤ̫

ҪȽϣǸʲôӢÿŮ糾ǱöһЩ벻ǿ棬Щ޷ĵ֮ԡ
ūҲΪǸƷ˵ǲĻ˵ⷬҲĻˡ
Ҫ޼䣬ĳ롭
Ȼش⣬Բ񣬸άĻᣬһתź˵ȥˣְūһߡ
ʹٳȣҲʵˣûô¥ġ
µգϲ֮ڣҪ״Ԫ棬Ӧڻ֮ǰԺôʣŲʣЩ竣
ЩĻ˻治Ǳǰ㲻ѧġ
һ֮ģ룬˼Ҳ飬һ̫ˡ
ÿǸޡˣ֪أоһʤ֮ġ
ҪװҲҪߵĹʲôɫūı£
ȻһЦ֮ԣūģΪл⣬Ըһڹӡ
һղŲǻϿհĻôˣŮӹȻһ㣬޳
Ҫá
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ʹŮūһЦȻᵽʱ֮¥֮ūū͵һָ֮빫ΣԻƼ
Ҫã
˵Ȼδʣڵūʲô֡

׿ϣū΢ָᶯòңĵӾʹָ
ǡľʡ
ǴεĶѧӣʶеģū롶ľʡϡ
ò˵ūû˵ǲɸġǱҲɸǲԾطеľƺϸ
һ󡭡
ǡľʡ
ŶһɣҲľʡġ
ǡľʡָ᲻ǣ
ɸǾɴʣھͿɤˡ
Ȼ̫ôˣֻӣūȴûпǻ
ûгʣ£Ҳ

ɻ֮ʱūڱῪˡ
ǶŮԹꡣ
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ңٵãūҲʱʱ͡
ͷһ䡰ǶŮૣһ䡰ȻʿɳļȻŮгȴһм
˻
ȴǱĪ⡢ʫлعһ˵Щ
⣬Ǻġӱʦ١
ûǴʫϸΣҲƶ
Ƕ˻һ㣬
ذ벻ġӱʦ١
ƽοƽο

ҲĪӱʦ١
Ȼǡӱʦ١
ʱεһסɸ磬𣿡
ɸ粻üϸ
ӦûɣϣΪ飬ֺ
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˵ūֻУ൱ںġʫСʽ˵гǻδʣָ֮Ѷȡ
ǴΪʲôһ˹Ƶأ

ΪūչʾĲϣǼɧһֱѰҵһ𰸡

ӱʦ١ǲһʫʫںƷ֮вģԳƵġ
ΪʫдĲһһһ黳ӱʦһ֮Ĺ۸С
ʫģȴһдɵʫ͸ΪѵáܺӺϳֺģǧ֮Уֻһʫ
׶ʫƪȴֶСӽ̾ʫΪ֮ѻ
ʫã˵꣬ӱʦٶϡȫʫĿʼʣֹƪ˺һֺε᳤գ˸ƪ
ôˡ
ӱʦ١֮Уӱʦһأ
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˭뵽˽ǧ⣬ˮ֮ϵ¥֮Уһ輿⿪ˡ
ܲ



548 ɸġӱʦ١
ԭˣԭˣ
ֲδϣѾʧе
ӱʦǡľʡֻʫĽıڣԴҲôҲϲϣ
صҲиУҲһʫˣҲһη뾳
԰̾˼򵥵һ˵ý⣬ū˼簡
Ǽߵ裬ѷеūգ֮ĶϧҲ֡д˻ҲżȻ
˵ͷٴγ֮С

δʡ˿򡣡
ӱʦһԡ

ūкȫƷҲ̳֮Ϊ
ֹ֮ʪ衣
ӱܣԱ̿ҳ

صһ䣬ľʵҲէȻֹղ

ūū׳ˣ
ūһȴ˻ӦҶ⿪ǧԽϲ֮У·صǰͬУӱʦ١
ãͷһڹ׷ο˶ˡ
ū֮ʣʩһ
лūΪҵȽܽˡ
ʱ˿̣ûһ˿ƦӦеѧ֮硣ǽ٬֮⣬ʱ˿ȴǳ̾
ūһ㵣û뵽Щ˻һ档
λӣɱūūˣֻ¶ùĥСȤ㲻ʲô¡
ô˵ȴ̲סżԵõؿǱߡ
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ðɣūʧˣֻĸûͣ
ͷӡӡǸŮӡ
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ƽһʧ˷磬ʤոա
ȴ֪Ͼеôһаڣ˺޵ȴڲ֪䣬Ҳ벻

޺޵صһȣתְѾеǸɫϡ
ʱŹһ¾ⲻǡľʡūūڣҲͬˣ
ɸû뵽ūʵԼͷ
һʱңֻùɤӻصԶһ
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ūһüͷ˵ķӦЩ֪ŮģȴҪɵء
ãֵӿԸһˣ
ūûһΪѵ˼ʼҪȴʤ֮ģҲֻչ¶գĳ˵עĿˡ
ʱɸҲǸոո֮ʱɸһ¾˵ͬΪ⡣ٹɸָ޳ϸ壬ֱΪٶһƷ֮⡣
ǣʹūĻ̹ʱɸգеף˸֮ĵġ

ɸټȻû˵ҲֻԼһ˽˰ðˣǰŪżİϷ
ô꣬˼ףҲȺ;׿ɸѡ
ɸЩ޴ʶҡͷǣǲҪ˰ɣ
ôūЦӲмūūͽ𣿡
ɸ缱æ֣ǣǡ
֮䣬ϰԵؿȣƸһΪҵİɣ
ȵȻɸܾһοЩҪ룬ȴһ
ûˣһҲ޴󰭡
ûɸǰĽ̬֮ѧǺѧﻹ˵ĺʤ
ūĻ䵽ȴмֵ֮ˡһǧž죬ȴҪ׼ⲻ۸
ƫҪɸ¶һ֣ǿһ㲻˲
ȫµŮӶȲԼӡ

Ȼ˵ˣɸ֮˵ͷ
𣿡ǲԸû˿Ա㡣
ɸȵеõһ˿裬һůҲûոôŲˡ
żӣǴδǰ٣һ˿Ұˡ
еūǰһá
ūóλãһƣȻ;
ҲǺ棬λڹԺô꣬ȴδ˵ḧ٣տҪǺˮ׼ˡ

ɸӫ֣һɨ
է֣޲һ
ֻһ֣վǵС
ūǸ⣬û뵽⡰ӡ֮ߡң֪ģ⣬ɸҲһָ֮
ǡľʡǡ
ϸֻһͷѾС
Ʈ졢飬ʱȪˮ˴죬ʱӱڡ

ͷһɸڿˡ
ǶŮԹꡣ
Ȼʿг
޸٣Զ



һɵˡ
Σȸոūһӽ̾סӱʦ١Ҫ⡣
Ϊɸβӽ̾Ǻš֮ġ

Ϊ֮ˣɸ統ȻҲоӱʦ١ǧʫȴûūǰˣҵа
ǣɸ֮Ҳ޹Բͨԭ辶ԡ֮ΪʫҲڴġӱʦ١
Թԡ
ľͷ׮һǳʶˣ



549 滵ӱʦ١
ܲʶ
ūǰľ죬òȵ֮Ѿƽο֮ˡ
ǣõǸ͵òеСȻôһ֡
ūʱҲǲݡ
¶ʫָ֮УҪԭеʫҪӭָĿӣгգǾѰ쵽ġ
ġľʡУɸġӱʦ١ĳȣʵʵ˵ıɸʤһ
ʤһȴգǲʫͷȡɵĳɷ档
գɸԾ֮ʫҪҵǰ˵Ĵ𰸸öࡣ
ңɸУȫԭ壬ڰˡ
ڣūոһʤ֮Ҳûˣ֪٣ֻһһѡ

һˣֻɸΪƣκβãΨٴ֮׳ˡ
˻޷԰Σ˭ʲôòã
Ψհ˼ǽһζЩʼ
ûǶʼ
ôž޵Ů˶ƷӸռˣ˭뵽ǸŮһġ֪һ档
ū
裡лعĵһ仰ҲǱģǿڽӡ
ȥҷУǰ
һ⡭
ūһЦԣȡǡ
˲⣬٣ʲô٣
ʱܲԸ䱧һ̴ľУ˫ŽūС
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ɸ粻ҽӣȡ
ȶƱһڣʲôû˵㡣
ɸͷһڴؽӹ
֮ˣĸأɸ統ȻҲ֮װһʲô١
ڰ֮ϣ򿪡֮гһף֮оˡ
ٲףֻһۣɸƿĿ⡣
һѺ٣
һѰɫҳ٣򣬺Ķ죬˳Ӧϱ״ɡԳªȴֻȻ֮
ͷɫǳβԺڣüãһͲǷƷ
ɸظ̲סʵٺ
ūһЦһѹٰˣ֣Ӳԣɻϲ
ɸ̲סŪ˼էһжɫǸոնõǰٿɱȵġ
ūĿоǵһ֪ϲãƽڵĸо
٣͵֪ͬǡ
ǡస
ֻǼףūɸ絯ǡసĴơ
׼ϸɸȴէȻֹ
ūüôˣ
ɸ翴Ź٣ҡͷ̫ˣˣҪġ
ȷʵ̫ˣõɸ綼Щ
Ȼһԭһʱ־ǡస
סసϦԪƸ͸ģøȥ
ūһЦȴ̧ͷȣƹǰū죬ٱʹڡӡġֻǵ࣬кβɣ
һ֮ͣҡͷƴʿЩǣǿͣһ
ūʾһüͷ˻棿һҪٵļơ
𣡣ɸ缱æ֡ɶʹá
޷㣬š

֮ǡ
СڲˣôӺƣ㻹ûеԣôǸŮ˶߻ūɣ͸ɸǼٵģ˳һСӵġ
ȿȣʹɤӡãʲôˡ
ūɷķīһã
һ˳ɸҲ뿪Ź١
ūȻһЦҲֻðɸŻλ
ӣмѾżã
հòаãһûʲô¶ˡ
ʱūӢ̨ȴżá
ūʹ˸ɫȥȡķıˡ
īɲżã¥رĿҪǲµʲô˼ԣīкõģʱá
īһԣһδʱչǰ
δﵩʫҶǧ㡭
Ȼרֻ֪۹Žʫߣӱʦ١ơ
Ŷ֮Ծū

Ǵͷġһдʫʶд˴ͷдף״ôģд˭ġ
⼸дѾײ͸ūġ
ʱҲ˹ò˵д棬һһ˭ҲȲʮ˵ĵùӡ
ūҲ̲ס棬̽ͷֻֽԾȻһ׾ôʣ
ǶŮƻҹ΢
Թȥָ
ʿһȻǧﲻСĺԶڤ
ʷʴ粽ǧգһѰᡣָ꣬ҳб̿ƽ
ִӹȥ㡣

زû޳ģôǡǶŮ
ϣҪѲʫ滵Ľడ
ôţƣ֪𣿻ֵôȥ


550 С۵
ǰ˵ʫģȴ
֮
ʫֻҪעϽƽƼɣʲƽƣдΪޣӵѡ
ϣǰǰ˵ʫĳδʣȫļҪǰ֮⾳Ҫ˼ɴƵıƣϼѡ
ˣӱʦ١дϵ֮ʫﶼѾˣôǾͲѵˡ
հҪɾΪ椣Сˡ
һģʫڽɾˡ
˵ȣһȣͿΪѻˡȡ
ǿۣ
סǶŮҲⳡʫ̳ѻƵ߳
ƺҪǻţ˾ҲҪһˡ
ūڲòǰˣᵽɽʵġ
Ȼǵˮƽūǿϵġģŷ޵Ĵʡ͵ĴʡԵĴʡ
Ǵ˿̣òϣ״ʣЩ֮ʣֱǾ
̲סǰḧ
ǶŮƻҹ΢
Թȥָ
ʿһȻǧﲻСĺԶڤ

һ飬ūȴо⣬öңֳһ顣
ʱ˿̣˶ڶɵĳ֮УȫȻҪ㡣
ҲūרעԣС
ڶˣūüͷչƫͷɸ磬Ϊﲻף
ɸһڨЦΪչʣۡ
߶أ˵ʲô
ūȴСᣬԴūūӹ֪ɲ˽ȴһҪ˵ġ
ɸ޷ֻõڵڶԹתƽ
ūһԣȻȸղ˳٣ϲӹȻ˫һ
ɸͷڴȴڰԸ糣ǺãȴûƸġసá

ū˿Ļϲתͷʩһ񣬡ͣūūڣ޲أ½컨ٲҪùӵĴŪˡ
¼µԣֻûϷˡ
հĴʣҲζ˼Ѿεͷһ״ʣľžˡ

ǹЦòС
ﻰ˫СĴʣСҡ
ūȻһЦ⻰ūūȴǲҽӵģ˵ģһūūǱȲλӡ˵ɸ硣
~
һ֣СǧﻹʤһαԷƱ

һüղסôóˣ˵֮ҲˣôҪһţƷǻӵɣܷŹ㣿
ȻѾĻ̧ͷ˹

ղסˣϾֻʮˣ۵úܡһūҪĴʸˡ
ֻԲסˣΪСҸ˰ɣС常Ӧòɣ
С
εհֱӰɸֶ˵ˡ
ȻҲǵáϸ˼ĳ֮ңþӹӼɳ֮޿ʫָγءԣһ˿飬ȴһȡ
ūﲻָ˲ʫʫ⾳쾡£һδʣҲֻʹﵽ˾ƾ֮ʵǳҲ

ūûô˵ģ̲סСŮ˼΢΢ףΪɣжġ
ǣȴΨģɸҲֻӹټ
˵꣬˵˵תɸǱߣûԼʲô¶ˣʱǿơ
ʵˣūֺαǫأ
ʳͬСԣȷʵǹʤһ
˵ţĿءˡ
ǣһûһ˿ģ
ôǣ
ˡСסǱƮ
ûӺǶϷҲˣɫظﵱʯⲻӺС۶㣡
￩һӣ˭Ϸ
ȫӲתͷȣðɣλЦЦؿհ˵ˣҪù
˵ˣڳˣƽͣ
ˣٺɵЦС常ذ˵ˣ˵ˡ
ۡ
ūˣС常СһôҲ벻ףôһ¾ƻˡ֪Щڳʲô
ҿɲ˳Ļ˵ͦʵģɡ
ˡ
ɡ
ˡ
Ǽɡ
ǲˡ

˿Ҫǻ̸ܺЦ˵ûɶ⡣ҪǰǲҪǰء
룬룡
áȵͷ
ǻɡ

ֽ
赭дһ䣬ūӷӦɸһϲæȥѱīȱϡ
ƸҪ¶һˡ

ȵûֻǾСеˣôһ¡
ȥһţȶùݣŮǰŪԡż̸βͣء
ǣɸ˵¶ȴǲˣĵߡ
ùʣ˿ʾдԥ
δʾط꣬
֮Ͼ˼Զʣ󡣡
ߣ۵˶Ī
ūǵһμˣһ˲˶ˡ

һдһ߲²˵
Ȼ˵ҼѾͷٳҲдһʣû˵ô

ڣɫһ¾ͿСֹҪɣ
غٺֱ֣ˡ
¼Ǻݺһ򣬡ҲԵģƷӿǺþûˡ
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ūʵ˵ĻһҲû
ЦԵӺƿǺܾûˡ
ūɻȴҵǿ˵׼ʧˮ׼
ǧ鰡ҪȥɾͰæһˡ

˵䣬ѾͣʣдõĴʣɸһ

ɸѾˣ´ãŻǰϾϲá֮ɫ

һ죬һԾؿΪӺסǶŮһͬһơ
㶵Ϊհдİ
ü
״ˮƽѾܸˣĲ̫ܳԽġ

ɸڿڳʣһ˿ңҲɸĸȻ޴档
º⡢ءصˣǴ
ˣһ˸
ˣ
𳳣һ
ūһؿɸ磬ٿȣû뵽ӺƵġô鷨

ֻɸĸлص
¼ʱУѾ졣
֪ϹڣϦǺꡣ
˷ȥֿ¥ߴʤ
ŪӰ˼䣿
ת󣬵粻ߡӦкޣ³ʱԲ
бϣԲȱ¹ȫ
Ը˳ãǧﹲ濾ꡣ


551 һ
״ʵɱ̫״ʵɱ̫ˣŵ˵ɱһеĴڰ
հá¼ʱСʣˡ
˵զأȷʵ

ū㶵ɸ絯꣬ɲţһ״ôʾǸӺ֮֡
Ը˳ãǧﹲ濾ꡭ
ֻһ䣬˵дʵˣ˭ˣ˭ǰҫ
ϧһ׾ôȴдġ

ɸ䣬հҲع̲סһ̾
ѧܽˣʧ飬ɡƺ
Ҳ
ðɣˡ


ôˣáˡ
Ⱦִٵعһ֣űͷһ˴ʶѣΪޣΪޡ
ǫ飬˶УȴǺ̶
˴ʣٸһ
Ϊˣеһ̡
ʱƽʱǹ˵
ǫȷʵдúá
һ
ȷʵã
˵һ
ĺð
ðɣ˵þͺðɣ
һۣĵɪġ
ǣҲòϣȷʵá
ǰȵԭ漣룬ɸ絯СĵذѴۺãˡ
Ƹдģģȴǲٸ˿ˡ

ȱʹɸӡҲˣٲ˷ѻֻСȦ
Դ֮󣬲Ǳʲôūʲôȶûٲϣһֱ˵Цֱҹ
֪Ѿʱ˺ȵҲˣʱ磬ˣɢ˰ɡ
һҲãסǶɡ
ʵҲпͷרЪϢáȻ˯뷿¶
ǣȳһ˭Ȳ˵ĺôʣ󣬾ȲҹҲסˣ֮вĵĹء
ԣûҹֱع
һЦ˰ɣ㻹Ұȥ
ͷѰһȥඣɲ㼷һŴ
ҡͷЦǿǾôɢ˰ɡ
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Сõ£Ͷ̲ס̾ϧǸŮȻСõĲѧҲǲ֮䡣
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553 Ҳһ
ƾΪΨһͨɲǰиѧͿԿġ
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ǣݾȡ⣬Ľ̲ˣӦ٣ݿˣԭ򣬽ȴ٣ʮˣʮȡһˡ
ôˣǱǰһǰʮ϶аԣ֮˼ٽӦӡ
ԣ͢ڵؽȡƽͬʱץ飬ÿڼȡ⣬Ҳͳ˱Ȼ
ڣͽ飬ǿ֮ǰе̡
ΪεĶǣÿȡⶼΪˡٶȨЩûа취ģͨ鵱ǰϡ
طݿҪǰ飬Ҫ磬һŵڣѾ
й涨ӦԿҪݽ״ֽᡢݡ
⸮þݴ˽飬ĻҪϸлУʵʾסڱźϸԻ鼮
л뱾ߣҪٵɣΪ
ȱĵطͬǣʥ궨ɣл7ϣʵʾסͶ״7꣬סߣڽ֮ޡ
Ҳ˵Ҫп⻧ҪڿʵʾסϲС
ȻˣߣжԲߡΪ˿ԣҲƴˣνٳ
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ǡ
ȿһۿ״ҪԶˣǲˣ
ҲУΪӹﾢ˭ҲסˡӿԿ˲٣Ǳÿ

ҪһƣЩҡҵҲĹˣ˵еףԱܱܷͷ
Դ񣬡¶ǽϾ¶Զһܹˣɻиأ
ɹ涨ʳ»֮ҵӵܲμӿƾٿʱԸԡҲ˵ö࿼һ
Ƚӵ㿴ǵһưɡ
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ٺһ֣ң˭粻취
ðɣ²ؼ߸߹꣬ʱԷͣͰһҶɢ١
Ʒϵġɡ۶иӾƷϵġɡɢΡ
ⶫûٹٷҲϰ¶Ǹǣһ˿ɾдˡ
øοǿԣҿԽͷʮȡء

οһۣʲô
Ϊ⣬Ҫ͸ƽѧѧȡɶģҲܽͷ
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һתͶƽһĵı飬ֵܣ˵˵ʲôСɶģҲУԸ𣡣
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ȷʵҲûοĵǣΪƽźףŮѾƸ꿪ͳס
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554 
148ˣ൱ڹȫԺҪһơ
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ߵſڣСվǶûôߣ
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ѽİɣСð˳ȥһ͵㶫Ƶġ
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ĿСԺСһЦŹ֣
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ʱԺ֪ͨӦἯϡ
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555 뿼Լ
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556 һ
ڶһ磬ΪȽҪܶҲûʲô˼ˣɴЪһ졣
ɸ粻飬֮˵ˣԶȥһͺ;׿һȥūˡ
˵ʵǰַŲµĸо

Ȱ˰εԺһɹ̫һߵˡ
ٽ磬ܶûԽȴˡ
Ʋһۣ۾⡣
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Խҡͷ϶Ѿ쵽ָˣοҲҪӦ٣һ˻û·ô䵴ȥȴûǳֵˡ
Ķܳͷأһȥǻ֮ء
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෴ǣƴζ˵Ϊԣ봺߾ĦϣѾ˿սıԵ

ܶһߵͷһ̲ס˼
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Ӧñû˻Уζʲô
ܶٵһЦˣû˻Уľڱ˵貼ĹöϹ
ԡڲѾ˱ıԵȥǵѹĵһݣ



557 ֮ս
ʵ˵ףڲҲһ顣
ΪһɵȨõʱȻ־ɳǣõʱҲһ͸̥ˡ
һĵ⣬߰յĵزôͳߵηȻܵɣγҡ
ڵǣĹɳϵ˴ΣʹιرջУΣĵơĹڣ۰գǹ壬ԹᵽĻʵϣܶʱȥ֣ʱ
ǡܶﻹǲ̫ס
һˣģʲôã
ȵǻᣬⱾơ㲻һӦթҲǳʦ
˵ǵ壬ҳڴΣ֮ڵҲһ֪⡣δ̧̫ĳˣ浽ĵطûС
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ˡ
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˵ﻰ٫ȺͱеðʧˡܶٿסҲǸˣı졣
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֪鼮ģæ۰
٫ԽȻб¶Ҳǡ
ֻ˲ųԺʱ򣬲٫ʲôԽĺ׾һӡ
Сӣ˵𣿡
Խٺһ֣ܹ
Խֵĺȴһ´˲٫е
缸꣬ԽҵǣȴǶ¶ˣеˡ
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鼮¶һ㶼ǿԺԵȥġǹһ̫󣬿⸮Ҳòӣȡһ
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Ѻ쵽ԺתȡһĿ״
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558 Ҷ
һ״͵ǰ˫СĽӹ
148ˣǲ١ƹ֮Ҫʢˡ
ֹάȵûΪ˭һƲֹǸʢô򵥡
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۶㣬źţһ԰
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148
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ǹϣǶһƷǶһ
еģһˡףӢ̨ɽ
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ܲӺȥ⸮ԾָĻҪСôܺӺƴϹϵֵܡ
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䲻֪⻰ʲô˼ҲǼˣСĵСһת棬ҼҹзԸǺæˣһ÷
룡
֣ƹӷˣɫ磬ĳȸˡ
Ҳɽ

ͷһʱĹٴˡ
͹ȴ֪ҪæʱҼҹøõĴȻȥˣǹרؾɡ
޲ɣٸйĴ̹
ϴ֮۰ѺõУûߡ
ˣ۱ָŲսһڳС˵ˡ
Ҽҹ˵ˣһزȥõĲʹǷַ֣һ⡣

˵䣬۲񣬸ȥ
˶ˣҲˣٵشӡ

زȻֻ֪֪⡰زʲôԡ
û뵽
ðɣزǻƽһӵĽӡ
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559 Ź
ʵƨ
Ҫ֪ɸСø¼ˣӣյӰɣ
һƱǿ̫̫࣬УСѾͷȥҡ
ңС￼ƾ٣
֮ٸһŮˡ
һӣǲմСС顣
˵ˣʲôݣʲôõŰŵӹҵȥĶŪ
ˣǸ̨£Ҳӹز͵˳˳
ϾһƣʮϸĿҪ⸮˵󲻴˵СҲСҪûͷֱӸǮǿ϶Ҫġ
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Ҳ˵ʱȺͲ٫Ѿ˹УǷĽīҲѾ
һüͷ˲šһš
ãŰŽ٫Уȶ˹ۿ
Үɺǰǲʹȥģɲ
޺޵˾ʵʵжϣܿҪģǣҳ
٫һ飬ȱ߾ջ΢һȥһļϣ
յüģ̧ͷȣ͹Ǹܶÿˡ
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ɿܻƣһʱȴȲˣһʹģǿɱ˻϶Ķ£
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ĻˣܶȥλҲʧȥ塣ɿս֮ʱľս
ҮԪҪһƵػǴɻλ֮˱˭Ӯ˵׼˭ӮҲǴӮ

Ҫ٫ԵҪʱУס˵
û˵Ʋߣ֮ȴҲͬſĵֽšΪ²ߡ
ҡͷ򲻵ѣܿС
ȣɿƣ
ƣֲɣʲôƣǰʹˡ
ףǸ취
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УУ٫ҡͷɱһҮɺһɱ𣿡
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һҲǣͻ¼˾ɵɳ֪֮ģѾ㲻ˡҪ׼ڴɵ
ϾҲгģܶ˲Ľһ

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⣿
ȵϸһĥҮɺûʱ°ɣ
ţ
ȼ밡վԼĽǶĿΡ
ǣվҮɺĽǶιȻҪиҪҪɰ
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ˣﻹһ񣬶ŻλŵҮԪء
ҪδǱȻҪƹƣݽ󷽶¶ҮԪҮԪСҴ󶨣Ҳܳûܱɣ
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ˣ٫Ժˣ˵׼
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ӺͶϧٵĵ̾ϣҺӵġ

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560 Զ
Ӻò٫ϽȥŶ
ڿʹ֮ǰסѾǲˣֻܼϣڻس֮ʱ

ź֮ȲعصɽѾսƻ衣
ڻɽ֮ϣڽֵϵ˳֯ȫȻ޶á
νıˣ졣εͻ¼ڴɵıҲѾı޿ıˡԺ飬һֱҮɺҮԪìܱһʱ䣬ֻܿﲻæˡ

·ʱ뵽ɸܻûߣ̲ס͹˽ȥ
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һӺƣʱüЦĺò飬˵ĻᣬͼҴҵ¥ȥкūˣūҲǵһʱӭ
һȹ˲ֱӡ
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һʼλεһġӡʹδûķۣԽūĶ־
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ôˡ
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ڶҪǰúá
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Ҫǰˣǽʲôƾ˵׼ˡбšңϴɲʵ֧֣թ»λҲǲܡ
ջ̫ˣҲұ֤ʱûʲôġñ·ģҲǸԼѡ

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561 һֵĺô
ܶˣֻʮ죬޶͵˿⡣
֪ȼźҹ̽ľԼͼСһ¶ûãֱ
Ҫ齨εĵһ֧кλӡ

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Ϣ˵ȷʹûз̣ȻΪ˴󶨡
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һ졣
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Ƹ磬㡭
̧ۿһۣ˵ɡ
ңǷһô飬ܰһ𣿡

ˣ⵹ʣ˵Ƿ˭飿ж󣿡
ɸľϻƵȰǰ㿴
ȲشľϻϵЦ˲̣תȥ
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ɸɻƸ˵ʲôأ
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ɸǰһūֻƸһ״ʣ
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һɦ׶
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֪ߣӡ


д꣬ɸüͷѾšһ
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ȫʣڶε⾳ɸ翴öΪƸ֮ǰסһָ衷ϡ
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ڵдգȻɳ޷ңǲѧԨһ㣬;ƣö顣
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һѳ´ʣ߷ߵ¥ȥˡȣΪʲôдһ״ʡ

ûһοеû¶ӡ
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ʱ˾ŵ١֮Ķһ㲻Ҳôȥţմմ
ǳΣϢ֡ḧٵҲޱ͡
һ˭õ
ǧŵ٣


562 ͬ
ٽʮһ£ڻˣŵģҲʱˡ
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һԹˣԴǰˡ

ˣԼˣҮɺͲȥĵģ
ӴӻһƵĽᣬǴʹģдҮɺš
æӹһðɣȷʵˡ
Үɺ治ȥϹεģǡȥõģ
ӵȻ֪ڴζûôĶ˵ȴǺҪ
ΪҮԪԿڼʵ㣬ңҲΪӦοܵĶʱԺһϸȥˡ
ΪȲô֪͵ȥġ
ȿ겻²ۣҮɺҲôǸƷˣԼûҲˣôƵģ͵ôʵְҵˣ
̧۾ͿǴưмľ⣬Ͷë
˵˸ϣڲУټͷͦ˵ġ
ЦֻӰοҲɣҮɺĺΡ
ŸͺԹϵֱôȥӣ
ֻýźƣʵɣĳ˵˱ֱɱĿεʹá
һӣٻң˺üǧأͷˣͽ˸ýŶиƨ壡
ۡ
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ģ
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أذԴҡ磬鳤ë˦õֱɡҾסˣɶʱͷɶʱȥӡ

ˣû뵽ں֪

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563 
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ҡūٴסӾͱȡЦūūˡ
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ȲӣһֱΪʼáĩңβҲѶż֮Ҳֻʱż
ƣֻβѾʧ룬Zõ٣͸ˡܺܶʡ
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˵һ˲˲ضūһѾرڻʼұô꣬ôһ糾˵أ

ūɫɷףû뵽ԭһμѾȿ



564 ֪
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ʧ䣬Ҳϵ
ǰ˱޽λ߸ϵƷ˵ԼͰèֻһʱַŹˡ
뵽ūǰһݣȴǸһ
лӻ֮
գūֱֱȣ֮е˼Į
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Ƿ˵ģܹĶ㻹顣
ںūѾںˡֻǰԵòô΢
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565 İƤ
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˵ƣҲòİƤ
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̲סҪ˵һ䣬ôȥˣ
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ҲΪ룬תأαؼŻȥЩʱҲԳǾˣùһͬܿ࡭

ҪȰ䣬Ȼ䣬¥Լ£
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üͷһ壬ĸͽ£ɵŶҪ˭
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566 ˭˭ġ
һɤӰūеһڴҲûˣǸԶҲĲԵĻ
ʱӣûڰңûźˡ
ӲˣѾͷɵ˲ɣⶼŶˣôƣ
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ȵŮǰǰݣǰ֡ǲ֪Ϊʲôȸϲū־ŭӣʱʵһЩ
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Ϊʲôһ˳ᢵӣܹĻ˺޵

ūһԶãá
ǣūУȴһ𣬶һѾյԶһԶ˵ĸоѹ˺СѧЩ˽̬⻵ǰȫô
Խ뵽ЩūԽǲߣһаֱײ
֪ԲصȣͲ£
ͲĴ⣬Ҫ


567 ĲƱ
㲻ɱ㣿
ߣߡô㱳Ҳûô

Ҿɱģһԣ
ðǾ£
㡭ū˵ûëɣԵףԵ֪𣡣
֪νǰͷū
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˵꣬ͷҲصس˻
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á
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̡
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ڶ죬ɸ籾ҪȥūУǣŻܻˡ
Ƹ磬Ƹ磬ū㲻
ͷҲ̧ؼ飬һһէʲôӣ߾Ͳ¡
ǣôͻȻֲأǰϸװģض˻ȥ˵סЩء
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ģôأ
ɸűӣͲţ
ˣһ߶ȥɣҪ顣
ŶɸȻض㿪ˡ
һߣȲҡͷ̾
ʲô˵滰ôûš

С죬¡
һ岩ȹְ˾˽δԸ⵹ʹİƤԼˡ
岩ıǣ׳ܽ͢ṤĻᣬʱ㣬˳־Ͱʽ볯á
ΪҪڱ߾±ָɴͨǸ̽޻Ǯա岩϶ĲƱһ϶൱ѿġ
ǰƳȹƱһ࣬˾ʹһӣֱӸʩѹ⻨ǮǮĲʹ˭ɵˣ˭˭Ҹɲˡ
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ǣİƤû뵽ǡ
ĲƱһȴȥҪãȻСӯࡣ
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μ۴ԭ200ÿڵ40ÿһӽô࣬İƤѾ⵽Ѽҵ׼
ϾܿסĵĲӣǮȫԽܵġ
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ǣ˾Ǳˣֻøһɵְܽͷˡ
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κ꣬ϢˣԹԺ˵ڹ˵ûҲΪ
ԺֻϦͳһЪգʱһվɡ
йڼԺ͵˰ĹԱɽ֮֡ͤ;鱾ſẮжġ޲ݡ
Ҫƴˡ
ʮ죬ȡ
ȼһߣһźЦŶͣͲˣ
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ϵʦǣͷŽ˯ˡֲҳֻÿͷҲ˯һֱ綼ûѣҲܲ˰

ȲЦ԰ʦϾʮˣͷҲԽԽήˡ
Ըٶ룬ת˻ͷҸ컹Ҫȥɣ
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
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󣬻Ǵռı˶࣬Ϊôһ֣ȫμһǧ֮Ҳ¼ԤƵҲüӸʮʿڡ

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ҲǵľٵˣгʵģҲֻп㣬֮Ҳֻ˵ϲ֮ˡ
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ﺢҪɣ
ʮݿǳԹԺѧ֮֡ÿһ˵Ĳۣ֤ʵ飬ٵ۵㡢֤֮Һߣǳ͢ʩÿһ䡣
˵ǵʵȨԱʵ۵౾Ҳû˼⿼дƯдж
صо˼ȻдĶ
ѧĿһȣĿдЩ޲ûȡ


579 ˭
ѽǰǸӵӷڹԺػص׶á
ǣһμӽԣŵ⸮Ŀһȡ
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ڣǼڹпͽְ֮û˵иѧɽ
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580 ը
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581 
ͺԾҲǾδЩ𱸵ؿȡ
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ūūūĴ
Ȳӻˣ͸Űɡ

зɿ죬ԼĪ˰ʱȻûˮϵĴ֧ȴǱȥ١
ʱǰһͬҲԽԽ˽ǰͼǱߴ߳һӰˮߴ󺰣
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582 ҹ
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583 ʵ۵޹
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584 ұ
ãҲ
Ӧø㿪ţҪһҹԽԽûӣ趼޵ͷˡ
Ǳ²ҿţһ٣ܻһЩ

⻰ҭͨ죬Ҳ˵һ䡣

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585 ŵ
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586 ̽
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588 
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ʱ磬ڴɵҪ֮ǰı
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ĵϻʵۡһأҲ֪ɻܶʲôʱ



591 ɥĲ
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¶ʮţǰҹ
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594 ͻ
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ԡЩɬԣҮԪȥ



ڳ޲ĬȻû뵽һ
ĴҵؿˣڣǻнĿ𣿡
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595 ˭
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Ҳ˵Үɺǰ֮˵ֻƤë
ƤҾڣԴɵʵڡҲΥضҪȫ֮
ҾڱռƣԵĺܿ˲о񣡡
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ңºɱضһ£εֵסǿɾǰ;δ֪ˡ
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601 ҵ
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ʱԵ˾̹ȻӦô򡣿ǣʲôƿǮҲޱս
ţһáһ
ֻΪνҵˣǧٿ׵Ѿɿսظˡ
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ǣˣ͢һʮ߾ٺ»߹٣ɴͨǮĴ󹤳̡
ȥ꿪ԣó͢벻ﻹǮ֧һȫս

˶Ĭ֮ʱȱϣ
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岩һʲôǧ򣡡
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ǣ岩˾ͲһˣԭЩѧʣ졯Էȳ
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ѵǿơ䲻ţȻҮɺҮԪȥʵģ

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¡
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602 ʿ˫
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۹Ž񣬷͵ǣٹУȥΪҫʱ򣬾۷ʱ̡
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ͷһ޶֮ţΪʿ˫
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Ȼҵ÷ʦ뾩ţʮܽȴʱͬĸ򡣡
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ȴӸʱѾһʱ֮
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PsʿĻܵȻȥ̡Ҫ˵дһΣҲдģдÿһλѡ
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ǿɣɵ飬ʱֻ˼ҵĻ±׼ˡ
νĲţĻȱʧ˵ĿܾЩɣ


603 ֮ǰ
֮ھպ
ʵȾøһϣǰһ졣ǣΪϸҪϸãôҲһ졣
岩Ҳ˵µ񲻿ļҡһҲԣһҲһ׼Բٷԡ
ӻʳǳʱµİաԱһ֡
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ֱ䣬ԵĹӹڳը˹
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ӹȻǷӣǳܼҲ
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ӪһߣοȻͿ
ԶΪ˴ɣ
ȵͷ
οؿȣ裬Ȳˣ
ЦˣӲãǰһΡ
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ΪӹϡǵãһǼܵµ¶ӻɽ˵Ҫһ𿼵ġ
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ҪҸȥɵˣҾֵܼһ𿼣Ÿˡʵ뵱ٶ
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ˣˣɢ˰ɣ⻹һ¶أ
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ǰһϣȥ뼸λʦС
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ˡ
ʱ򣬷ͻȻ赭д˵һ¡
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604 ⳪
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⳪ŴĽ̵۷ʢʿһõԾŵʱ̡
ÿ꣬ǵĶŻʹһޱȵڴШ֮ʱ
˾޳ǣе˶ڻ⣬ÿһﳪֱ󣬶һλʷķ
Ŀʢ䣬ǹκһڵ̶ֳȡ
ϵǿƼߣҲʳ֮ࡢ¡
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˿̣⣬˼֤ʢİաĽεĹһ羰
һǣǧʿ볡ӵγԱȡ
޲Ŀһʱ֮䣬֪һĶģ
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жеˡһǴ˵еӪεһǿǹټ־ƣ϶Ҫһȥͷġ

ȷʵһ붫ıƦȣʵǿ˲٣

ȻӪۣҲעֻǡΪھ׿ĲǴЩ緢Ľʿӡ
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У˼ǴεһԺµ֮ӣ˼һ
Űɣ϶ǲŷŰĵ

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˵ˣʮĴٶˣʮͳˣĶڵվأû¶Ƶġ
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605 
ٳڶ⣬ʵ⡣
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ʱҲ˲ˣΪּӲͷƤšֻˡĻơ

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ο֮һ̹꣬Եһ죬һ룬˻ȥ
ΪԵһʮһο֮֮ûˡ

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룬ٵļɤֻӺһȡ졢ּڿм
ʱ˿̣ÿһ˵϶ԭ飬Ŀ⽥ׯ
γʱʮ֮ȼ֮־
ÿһ˵ĽᣬܲĹԸ


ʱȽӹл򿪣һ
ʱһ׺Χ߳ߴչֿ
Ѫ͵ӿ
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ĩڣ
죡



ǲ֮־֮է𣬴˲ͣӭҡ
ڽһȡΡ

ܾУ͵ĳ䳤бָ



ǧűǸ˵İԸǰ
ʱһֱѹĶǰİաŲܾһм



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Ǽ䣬ÿһ䶼ȼ֮⺺ź
ɽ

Ӧࣺ֮
һ·أ

ԴЦкԱȻ
ӪԶźƽϢȻµĹӣ̶Ŀ죬򶫻аռԱ
ʱɼĿ
֮ʱƸ֮գ


606 ʮﳤͤ;ȥ
⡣
ࡢõһڱ֮ϣӪȻϡ
ųɽХһźӪǧԳ֮ӿ
ǰһмǰ
뱧ȭȴһЦҲòȥˡ
үү˧òһڻʳ֮ۡ
ЦȴӻӺĪҪԣ̣
ҲȻЦҵҪȥˣĻּķݣһƬģСӻ飿
ҲֻҡͷΪһھ
˦֣ࡢﲢУ򱱿
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˵ˣûⰡʮȴٵ
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˵УԼˡ
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ôһȶ̾ˡ
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Ң֮ϲɫ֣ʲôҲ˵
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ãһȡ
СͱϣһᣬԪ֣


޳ܰ
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˵߾ߣؿɲںˆ£ʵôͱļǣ޲÷ɵűȥˡ

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һǸɲ¶ģ߯ˡ
Ŀ޽ؿǰʵû𡭡
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ǣѾزûĥȥĵҹУֻһ˹űĵط
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΢͹ŨûѪ֮˼ǲԶĹس֮Уս



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ҮԪһسǣͼҹ֮Уɽϻѵܲɽյͨ
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ҵıôģ

ҮԪһڽ޲Ȼ壬ʶؿָǸط
͡ꡢڣ


616 ֧
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ҮԪ֮һڽɵˣϳֹӺһӣôǷӣ
ʲô˼Ҫӭսޱ޼ʵҮɺ֮ͻڣˣ
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ˣҮԪҵ˼ܷ¶˵⣬ǾǧˣҲ
ĻҮԪû˼˵ô콫ɣǧ˵һǴҰսȥһӣ͵ñɱʣ
ҮԪ֮ôֻ֪ܲûʱЩ԰Ӫս
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627 ʤһʱǿһ
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628 竻ʵ
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629 ˾
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630 ǹ۶
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631 湻
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632 ֱ
ҮɺǸҮɺλˡȲꡣ
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һ㶼࣡
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ȿһ̾
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633 Ψһܷ
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ϸ룬˵еNɪ
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ԣЦҡͷ๫ڿ𣿡
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ԣԴĵļװͿڹؼʱվӵҲΪ档
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ȵʱȻ𾴣е¾ӣҲʱʿĵ䷶ΪΪ
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šü󷽣๫˼ǣ
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سҡͷɵСӣ۷ʱ̣ЩϼһȴǲȥӺƵķͷ

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ԣֻӺϽͳӪЯǻؾ
Щ㶣û뵽İš
Ҫ湦Ŀ



634 ţ
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ǣƺҲ̫ˡ
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ΨһǴι
Ҳû취ѾڴˣҮɺ㲻ԸҲûʵû
ȨıĻ쵰ָҮɺ˸ӡ
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ҮԪԴɻʵ۵ݽεġһƬʯǰٷһ䡰ˡƾˡ
սȻҪͶگ顱
ȻǴɻʵۡҮɺĸĸϷۣҲû档
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Үɺģʱ˾ؤ죬ͷ桢ԭмĶҲ縶ˣ󲱾価ǺƤȻǴؼϡ
ⲻȥӭǰȥ͵򡯣һЧµģҲ;ʵһ˾͹ҵˣ
ۣ
ںûסСӷҲָʱ˾ڱȻίĲУ٩㼱
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ǣûš˾Ŀ棬ȡ
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ô
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ʵֿԸң


635 磬ͬ
δӲȱˣеĲֿи֮⣬Ҳ˾һˡ
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ԭʷ֮У˾ǷԱ䷨׳˵ΨһԺʯһսļᶨɡ
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Ǳ˹ȥ
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ݳ̤ƺɽȱ׳־ͺ²⣬Ц̸ūѪ

ΪӪרдס졷
žɴʣȲǣʲʱˣȴҪһġ
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ԨܣѩӺޣδ

ǡָʯĿհסǵʲô
Ȼӵ·ٺǰ
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ɡ


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οӭȣһҵء
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636 
رйĳλǲǵġ
ǷȻ԰տҲ³ΪΪ
ԣǿǿǸĳ
һݣ˵ǸϲҲˡ
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մӳͷ͵βٳ辡鸴Ӣۡ
˧ڻתʦʱǼǡӭʮ

뿪⻹ʮۼǰɽ˺Լɼ
ǵİհʮѾˣ䡢ʼ̣ΣŸ๦ĵ
ʱȴûڶǰǲתͷеһﲢС
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ҮԪĿ⿴ȥεֻ꣬£ӺƱС޾ͺá
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εĵؽ磬ȱ㣬ֵܰ˰ɣ

ҮԪʱҲ֪Ǹʲôζɱһӣɡǣһơ
ƫͷȭлˣ
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лɽΪǡѰˡ
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һΪ
˵꣬ȲٶԣǰӭſգӭŴȺȥ


ӭȾһΣȻû¡أһӭʮ̻ࡣ
޷ǾһֽʥּƯھơ֮֡࣬ܰٹİ
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ʱλŭ׵ĽʿѾ̧һڳÿһ˻ǣƵġź

ǰ̧ŹľһǵģѮϽá
Ĺ㡢λҺҲС
⽼⣬۾˲ʪ
޵лؼˣɴ곤ľҺֽӻؼˡ
۾ЩʪȻɤӸ߳
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637 ⣬Ǵ
⡭

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ٻٻ޵лٻǸѪػشΡ

ΰĿӣĿźһʮľǰУʧҰ֮У˲ŻعͷѰĿ⼯еϡ
ӹ԰ԣУ˵ӺƲΪʦͽиС
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639 µһƸţ
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641 Ȩ
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642 λ
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ô˵Ͳ˼ˡοšɲ٣ȴǲԽԽԶ𣿡


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ԽԽһ룬ͼһˡ
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ԣټҵǰ棬ǰûУ˵Ͳˡ
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643 Ƶζ
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646 ӵ·
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647 ڿʼǮҤ
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תͷӣЦǺǵҪٸһ죿
ǮҮɺҮԪʱҲûڻСǮпа
˵һ⣬ǮװʮǮǮǮ٣Ҫˡ
Ӿͳһȥ
ϣҵүɲȥˡȾ¥ơССģû棬ͱһʶˡ
ɫɷףô󣬻ǵһ˵ǡСС
ô˭
Ӱȣӣүү߰ɣ
ӺƱǮ࣬Ҳ˴ˡ
ơһԲС۾ȣһʱ˵ˡ
ҲĲˣ˳ƾ¥ߣǸе㲻֪νһ֣
㿴ҵǮҵǮʲôʱһжҲġ
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ռĳôһأˣ
ĳҲ䲻𣡡
ͷһǮ͵ֻǸ֬Ǯ
˵꣬һתͬеļ꣬ˡ
ҡͷҲ湻ģװʲô
ȴǲΪ⣬һۡ


Ķ¥οΣмֶ˵ӡ
ֻϣۿūһۡ
аˣѧˣ
ūЦ˷֣
ǹӸǲأ
οǶЩѳֲס죬ôͰѳֵס
Ӹǲ
ȿһ㷴ӦûУҲ˵Ҳ˵չʲôͷ
ūЦҪūūĻūūɲʶȴǵһء
۾治ʶ
ūҡͷ治ʶҲܲ³һ
˵꣬ҭͰѻͷ˦οˡ
룬λӶ֮ˣҲһ²ɣ
οһšüͷһ
ѵ涨ң
涨ң
ο㲻涨Ҷ֪ɣ
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ӵܺ͵ּһӦþǸˡ
ĸң
ο͵ǧҡ
ȵӣôţôû˵
οЦû˵Ķȥˣ
ֻ˵һ㣬һжţˡ
ҵκһǧδϹ𣬶ԽԽ
գ
ȻеԾһǧûϹ𡭡
Ҳ˵ԭϱ֮Ⱥ۲ĩ·ֱûô
ȷʵţġ
ǡ뵽̲סˡ
ǧң治򵥡
ӵڣǧ֮УҲûʲôʷǵˣνУɽ©ˮ˭ҲӲˡ
涨ӱ·֮УǼĴڡ

ūһͷ˵̫үȥڵļǸʮͷĸ̬ء
ţĿһū޵طʸ
ô˵ӻǹҼ
˼ˡЦŨ
ոջʲô⣬ȴЩˡ
οЦЦؽӵ˼ģں档
˵ޣǹҵŮ


649 
ձϡ٣ȴԨԴʼں֧ա
Ըո˵ֲּߵô˼ԭһռˣȻߵĽ
գԴǱȸ֮ӡΪ֮ڳ֣֡
ԣҲǡǡȸɵĺˡ
ǧ겻Ȼ񲢲ôûʲôҫ
ǣȴôҪǹôҡôǧ겻أ
ڣοᵽ˹ҵŮǼֲҡ


Ϣʵһ¡
ôͼֲ˹ϵ
˵ˣ¥棬Ȼͨ͸
һ˵ӵܵҫؽ򻶣ȶ
֪йϸ𻹸һҲ
֪ǰľƷӣһ£ȶҲܶһ롣
ǣϼйϵôɡ治ˡ
Ҳû̫ףǼٱ
Щ꣬͸һ˰ɣ̲ס
еа԰

οôаԣ
ȻҡͷҪ֪ôаԣҲͲаˡ
̧ۼūû˵ЦЦذŪ˿
Ϊӣ
ū˸۹˵ﻰūūɲ֪
ūū֪ӽѽ
Ȱۣ֪㻹һʣ
ʱ˵ʱͦˬǹеζˡ
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˵ɣ£ҪǲֵʮᣬҿǲǮŶ
ūһۣ˵ĺӸǮһ

οǶΣԭܣһжҲû
仨ӲǮƷа
ū˶ίӲϸ㣬һ˹ӣûĿˡ
ūūҲҪأ¼ʮҲҪԷġ

ˣС˦ӣе㲻ͷ
Ե׻㣬ôĶ˵ȥ
˵ɣ
ȿ֮ڣȴڴǰһʮҷʮ֮ġʤ
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ġʮ
ʲô˼֮˯˾ܵΪľҵ𰸡
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֪⣬Ҳ˵£
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üͷһҿˣָǸӣ
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ͷ˼ãЩƶǶֲ
񣬻治
˺ܶ𣿡
ūͷ˿˵ˡ˾ô֣
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ڣūΪ߶мֵԲܰȵݼֵЩǴӡ
ȴĳĬҵ˴𰸣ο˴ʱҲζ
Щ˶ܵʲô
Ƚӵֻô󷽡
һӳһᣬֱǲǮǮγȣûôĴ塣
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֮󣬱ӵܣھػǮ
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¡ū棬ڳгµľﱱ󻧣ǧһ۶գһµġ

üͷøͻȻô
ūֵ˵ϵĲ۴һһͭǮЩ󻧼ҵģǺ޲ðǶء
ͭǮڵվһץסĹؼ
һ˫۾䣬ɱһū㻹֪ʲô
ūȴԹһ̾䣬һҲ˰ɣ
ϻ˼顣˵
ūһûƷɫ
˵ǣ㼱ʲô
˵͢ҪңͭǮϾͲֵǮˡ

ȵʱɫޱȣοȥ򣬷Բ֪һ㣬ʱҲһ
Բ֮£ô©ȥˣ
ɡ
Ȱֹס˵˵һس˼
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˰Ǯ
ʮԸȷʵ˵㣬ʮϢȴֵˡ
ūְ֪ѼϵĲ˦˳ȥȽűߡ
˭ϡĳǮ


650 ƽ
ūؿȳֹ˺þãһ
ӶһӹƵúܣһ˳˳
ūҡͷؿ裬Թ֡
裬Ҳˡ
Ȼһ̾ûнӻ

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Ǯĸߣһ
Ⲩˣİūŵˡ
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ȥôǮǻû¶ΪūûʮᣬиûС
ʮİǰǲ֪ǶһǮ
ʹ˽Ҳװʮ䣬һ¥ĻһĽӡ
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ȶˣԹ԰ʲôǮƷŽǮ
ŴңмóʮģǣǸ۶գһµİ
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ʱӾͰ˰ضǰλ˭֪
ģӺĴܼң
ţү
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ʮһɡ
ˡ
ʮĻƽ𣬹ƾ͵Сһɣ
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ĺǣ˵֪
ô˵ӺľͲʮǮһ¿ʼˡ
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ү
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ţ
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Ҫ

ûٳȥԼһ޹޶һҹû˯̵Ĺƿӻһ𡢵һҲ֪Ūʲô
ɡ
һỽԼ
̧۾ͼŽһСĶƿƿ޹ޣһ߽
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˼ûա
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㵽ô˼ˣ
Цҿʺӣҿûô
ˡͷ
ǸҲǮȥ𣿡
ˡ꣬ҲŽȥġ
˼صͷǿ𣿡
ˡһҲǻƽ𣬶ͭǮ
ͭǮ
ЦˣԽԽ˼ˡ


ٽ磬ټҵ̵ˡûȥӼݣɶС¥ĵ
ùзڶ
ȼˣҲֻǳǳһЦˡ
šˡ
æ꣬һͺá
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ϧһеû׶æ꣬һ̧ͷ춼ˡ
أ
ɸغһۣôˣĻȵ㣿
ʱͻȥˡ
Ⱦִٵźףôһ
ɸǷѲɣ»ҹɣ


ڶ죬֮ǰ٫˵õ֮ڡ
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׼ˣ
ɫأ
׼ˣ
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ɽ𢣬һߣ

ʱ٫岩ȡƽ顢˵ˡ
٫ֻ˵Ӻ룬ȴ֪ʲô¶С¥Ͻڣһ
ǳʲôˣ
뷶ͺü񣬲ȣǷȴûпڵ˼ǻڵˡ
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ûһ˷Ĵڹ̺ϵӢŽġΰλɶҲƼС¥
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ƶһɧһ˾ֱƼСԺһ˦˿ͣسС¥
˿ˣæҾ£
Ρݡ£



651 
һڳеͷԣ٫һڹ̺ϵĹɶҲµĺܡ
첻ǺİƤͨôҲˣ
ƼС¥ֻһ˰ࡣ
һյݣȻˣ
ȳˡ
ͷţ
ƼС¥ľ֨¸µرպϣһʷܻʹ˴ǿԾȵĴĻ


ڡ
˹ΧһţɲЦա
ƽһڳλҶŵùͳˣλһ뼸λһס
Ժʲôףĵǰһô˵ôﷴûˣ
ȴǣȣҡҡ˵һ˵ɡ
ƽ黹ãô֪һЩǰͲˣλҲżһ֣˵ҪʲôһŲ֪
ôһʱ۰Ͱ͵ؿȣ
ĥλСڲְͱ©˰ɣ
һǾȴӹ̺˵ɣ
Ŀǰȫ߰ʮļҷ̣鲼ȫʮݸ
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˱ǲǳʲô£ֻһ䣬һӾͰѵĶ׵ȥˡ
֪Ǯ֪̺ϵô󣬵Ǵʲô̶ȴûи
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İƤ֪Ҳէ಻ѣô˵ӺѾѻ޿ײĵز
ɼǵǰݵһʱ򣬸˲ᡣʱİƤѾǾĲѣ꣬ǵ̯Ѿûڱˡ
꣬ˮ·ɱغ¹ؼڵ㣬ȻԵ㼰棬άѴθس״ͨ
һһ̣һ̣
ʲô
˼˵̵Ĳ˴εվϵͳл˵˴ȫٻ̯ӵж岩񲻳

ʵϣ岩ֻǱ档
Ϊ˻̵Ĳ˸޷ȸ˶Ĵۡ
֮˵˵ĳɱѾﵽһԽܵķΧ
ǣÿطߴҲÿطӾ׬ǮܶƫԶ֮ˮ·֮ͨأĳɱѾ˻ﱾļֵ
ʵϣΪÿÿضл˰ټҷ֮Уķ֮һǲ׬ǮģҪǮ
岩ȣֿλ˵Ӻƺ͹ټΪߵһѪˣ
⡭岩̲סǴ˵ĸڣ
ʲôʵԴӽݣһԴʺţͼץסÿһؼ
Ҳźֶ̯ͣ岩
ǣȫ
岩ˣ⻹ȫ
ȼ׼ȷ˵ֻһС֡

ĵĶĶ滹и͵ġ
岩е㷢бģ
ֻȳоҵϻᡣ
еҾͲϸ˵˰ɣ
ܡж󣿡
ô˵ɣξҵꡢĳҵĽŵꡢ˳ɵĹ٘ؾƷǾƻµĻԱꡣ

հ
岩ǰһڣҺΪټҰ£ҪЩԼĲҵİƤھءֻ㼺
ٻȫξҵγ߬Ӻ岩
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Ǹ޷СôЩģ޷Ӵ⣬ƿصġ
оǡ
Ժĵڣֳˡ
С
У
岩ڵվʲô
ȺٺһЦˣйأ

岩ˣﻹй֮ɱء
ǲȻ
ʱĺˡ
üÿʳͨߵĶǹĴͨеĻɰɣˡ
û취ѾǼˣԣҲûôബˡ
Ǳˣλͨɡ
ʳǾĲܹˣ¢ϣԵ¢ϣ
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һֲˣֻ䣬Ѿ͹ٸˡ
ˣȻҲе˵òˡ
̺;ҵЭ̾͵ĩ˹Ӧ磬γɵϵͳȽĵ
һԽʱĽ磡



652 ɽ
ͣͣͣͣ
ǸҪ˵Ǽ¶¹ֻǵ٩ҡҲͣҲ̫úŪ˰ɣ
ʵͦϲЦģ˵Ŀȥˣ˵ץסǵˡ
һֽζڵĽ

̺ϡ
˵ʮ䣬ȳƻʲôֻܾй̺ˡ
ӴҵΪȺٲƸΡҪǣǱĬ䣬ȻظıŴΰյʽ
ΪϿϱߵػ档
غˮҲ漾ײ˼۵ļΪ˵Ĵֻһʮ춼չȻɹɸɻأȫΡ
ϰնķҲʼɫϷʲˣֻǹĶѾѰռҡ
ӴļţʹţⲻϡֹţҲԽԽͬ衣
΢ı仯һѴεԭʼȻ̻ͨ
ͨ
Ȼ̵۸ԽϹ󣬵ǣٳеĸԸ⻨Ǯָı䣬һó١
ǰһֻһͨĻѧ˶ʿھΣֻڿʱһۻгԽʱһʶ
Щ꣬ô̶̻ˮҲʦۣʷΪ
ǣʹʯͷӣǷͣȣһͬʶ
ǾǣôλһһӲĸֻһ취
Ǯ

ӹ񣬸Ƹﵽһ߶ȣͻ֮ϡ
˵һǸǮ֮յأֹء
ע⣡ؿɲǺķزʵʵڵ˵ء
ũᣬؾǸؾؾǲƸֵռѡ
ͺñһĴӣһûгڵˮн޳ԽԽ࡭
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زռѡҲͱ˻ˮͶزѡǶڻڸǮҲȻȻ˱𴦡
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ζ˵˰һжǰ١
˰ҪĶôǮôӴĹԱϵ;ӣ
ԣʱ;͢ʽ졢Чķ
ȷڵݣѾǸҪѡΪƵβҵֵĶöࡣ
ݱ֮ʮǰö࣬Ǹǹصȴǲߣؼ沢ĳ̶Ҳ˥ˣеˡ
ػũ񣬸ҵıøĲƸ档͢Ҳ˰ķᣬԴϲ
ٱ綫غƲء
һδԵʣصǮٸչطߡ
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Ҳ㹻ģνԵ㡱ó͢ȡ
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û
һοͼ桱ȣεĸ²ǡٸƶǷֵ⡣
ĵүүһŽʣµ˾֣ҲƲˡ
Ѿˣ岩˽йͨҲǰסô⡣

˵˹̺϶ʲôһ
Ҳ΢΢ͷ׿ʲô
һλ̺ϱĴҪ¶ˡ
ҲɣЩ궼ǰ涥ףҲûˡ
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ô䲻¶û

ʱȻָĹɶ
뼸λ๫һ°ɣ
һָ٫ܼңڹռһ֡
٫ԾֱӣƵس岩ƽ˵˵ͷ
ָ˷ᡰ˼ңռһ֡
˷ʱֶ֪Ķˣʮĥһ񵱳ʱЩ๫Ҳ֪֪ΪΪʿר˼ҿɲֻͭӹ׻
ҡȲͣ٣ܡ
ҡżҡңռһ֡
ŽҲǵͷʾ⣬԰ΰʱҲĳȡ
ʮǰһϱȢϵӶʮڻʵߣŴγؼһ¡
Ƚ꼸ɶһָԼұˣռɡ
Щ岩֪ĵûʲôǣǾеԺˡ
Ĵţԭֻռһ֣
Ҳֻɣһ˭ģ
λ䲻òˡȻ
ޣʵǹɽ

գֻת
ɽ
ʮĹɽ֮λԭôһ


653 ١Ǯ˰ũ
ǹɽ
ǡ
ۡɽ
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Ϊʲôټһ֮֮ʹ֮չӴ
Ҫ壬ټңΪʲôƷεزݵز
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ԭһеĸԴһɽ
뵽Ȼһ£ݳð
µҪʲô
һֲõԤУ
ǹɽǱ̨ʾǣһĹɣģ
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Ȼһתǽš
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쿪ԽԽľƵĸⴺ䣬һι򣬼ϺܿͻسĵࡢӼ
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ϣ֣ʵ۾Ѿ˲ˣֱӵŷ͡
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ͿȻһЦôةйǣ
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ةͱˣ˴ʦ޹أһƶ
ߣһǽһõӰ
˵ף˳Ӧʱȷ㣬ʱվߡǣǸ㣣ûתء

ʦһֵһ
Ȱҡͷ˵ﻰǲԸðƽֱеģǷѿġ
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ŶȴǲѣѾɵϷҪкβͬ
һüͷϰô壿ʲô˵ģ
˼Ȱο޷

ô˵ɡ֮ǰȣǱʦΪ֮֮ԲܳɹԴǡʮ¡ãԴǡʮ¡̫˵档
ͷµȻҪ˵ۣƲ飬е¾кβͬ
ȻͬȸһðĴ𰸡
Ҳλſˡ˵ЩŤģֱȡȾ׼õļ֧ǩһš
ϰһֻһ֧ǩһֱǣ١Ǯ˰ũ̡
һͶǴٵֱӵ⣬Ҳд⡣
٣߹ѳʹ͢ӷ
ֻһսξӵѾ¶ֻ࣬жʮ֮Ѿ˲βеĵز
Ǯ˰ũʵһ˼ԴΪ͢˰룬ֻǰϸ˶ѡ
ָǩλѡһɣһһλͣҵİ취񡣡

ǩֿ˿ǩǩǩǩֵС
̧ͷȣǴҪȶĸ
Ȼһ֧ڶǰ
ֻһ֡Ǯ
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ȵͷԲ֮ºгͷֵĵϸ˵
ֱĿɿڴĵ̫һ
޾ޱ䡢ƽȣ
ҡͷ
ԣŰةе
ȳϿҵؿսةةվӣةҡź
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񣬡ةƫֻ֣ةУƫؿθ¡֮ة·֮ةЩȡֵķ֮



654 Ǹ
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ֻûʶĬҲζϿ˸¡
ĲƫǴѾԭĳ֮ƫ롣

ڰ
ϴƫȿʼѾԭǸˡ

ƽ顣
٫еΪȽ
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ϵʷ̨ǲ˽еٻҲǸоȱ˵ʲôɣ
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ҲڹйɣҲӢһڴҲ͹ˣϳͲΪ鷳ˡ

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Ҫʵеº͵ĸĸߣԣȻǶԽСԽáҲΪʲôԵˣƫƫؼʱ̲ڳԭ
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ֵǣҪǸܣʱͭתҲǸܰɣΪʲôūǸŮ˿ɻûվһء
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ţ͵ͷһת򷬷ᡢӢ
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٫һ̡
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655 ҪԲֱӷŴ
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˵мӸʹ÷ðû˿ܣԴαҳҵֶʧȥ壬ͭʹͲһϡ
ԽǹصĽ۸ԽȶɲݵռС
ͭ˵ѹٷеͭǮͻͭԽ٣۾ԽߣǮҲԽֵǮ
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ԣصͷǱ
ʼʱŪԲҲֻΪһǰڹȣڸ
Ϊ֪λҵı׶ˣ֪ûҶʱƿԴһʼȵ۹ͷŵû档
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656 ִĹȯ
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һҪԼǮȸȴһֽȻеִǮ⣬ǷԼ̤ʵЩ
ǣô룬еִһȴô롣
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Щ̼Ϊʡ¶ȥƵҲùȯǸǵǮҲǻһͣ󷽵ذһֽϡ


657 ֧ǩ
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Сӵ۶ô࣡
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Ϊ֧ǩҪģѧ

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Ǿ仰˱̫ܵϣ̫ˡ
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ٱǮ˰ụ̃ǩα꣬ѧ֣α


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ү
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658 û
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ѧ
ܺܶ˶ˣǾ˵һɡ
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л̫ԼΪ̴Ρĵʮλһ䡰Ƣʤǧ˵Ĳɽǽһ̹лˡ
лǧƹ233Ϊĵʮλ˵ȶҲ氮Լﲻ˵Ҫһ
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659 Ų٫
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ܼΪŴңĵĵȻǡǩ
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ļȣѾ湲ͬ壬Ҫôģˡ
ǣѵҲ
Ҳ֪εľӵ˲ĲеĵزΪţǵĸڣʹǡҡģҲòá顱ķʽѿؾе
Ҫǩԣɹ˵Խŵһ㲹𣬵ȴ
ĴҲ˸׼ôһȴѵˡ
ܱܲĵطûԼ˿ǼŻŹڸʲô
ֻ˵ˡǮ⣬ȴһû˵⡣
ʱ䣬۲٫˷ᣬò̽һϢϧһֵ涼ûʲôϡ
٫̽ڷģû룬˶̵飬Ǹˡ
ǣˣܹ˲ˡ
ôѧҶ˵׼ͰѽŸˡȴǲֱ⣬ҪȰѱǩڳһ

ȵһ
˵ʱ֪ˡ
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Բ֮٣Ϣߣ
ɳȺɸֵسڲѾһˣ
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Ʒӣ٫ʱ˵û䣬ȴǻɵĳͷˣ
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ɫ˭Ҳɣ
̺ϣ岩Щ˵ѾһˣûɰϢй¶ȥ
ǡǲȴһʧ
үĴţĸμλ๫ҡżңĸһˣ
Щʱ򣬾㲻й¶漰Լ棬ôû˽ģôӵļϵʲôܶûˣ

٫پ˵һûЩ¶ǲɱġ
˵Բͭ¶ôܣôϣԼҲͭǮųԿɣȻҪͭ
˵ԣⲻ˵ġ
ǣܼ°ٶˣټۡ軧˿ǧһʲôôܻ᲻֪֮Ҫ飬ûв鲻ܡ
⡭
ʲôǱµ˼µͷ˭Ҳ
٫һ̾
㲻˵ﲻ̤ʵ
ʱ۾һ̤ʵȥɣ
٫ˡ
ǣҲֻþôȥˡ
µ񣬺ȣû·ˡ


߲٫ھᣬǱҲھᡣ
Ͳ٫ͬ٫ûףûˡ
ûˡûѡġûˡ

ȻؾѾˣؾǰһֱȱǡӡڻأ
һࡢһСһ˾ʹ
λñһȵģһŷ޵ģһġ
ǣȺذѻʵ۷ĹٶˣȴһӰԭļƻȫˡ



660 ӵ¶
ƽ꾰ϳ͢ȷʵԴţΨĸɿһáټΪֻ֮һڳϵ裬Ҳ˵ùȥ
ǣԽôƫ̻ϵĳӣ÷ǳ÷򣬵ֶҲǵֶΣѱ䡣
ʲôǳ÷ʲôǵֶأ
Ψƽ
ζʧ⣬ζһ⡣
Щ꣬γ겻ϣϻǺº͵ģƫһҲûʲô⡣ǿƹ󣬵ԳͻĴȴǺзִ磬ǿᴦ
ԣʱգûʲô⣬û֡
ǣĸһǾһˣ֮ǰһȴеͨ
ʵ۷Ҫɼ룬һֹʧأǡǡʵؼٱɵĲ
֮ʱһ÷ŵ˵ͬʱµ񵡢ֲļᶨɣҲûб䡣

ͬʱøԡ֪ƣҲǳһĿǡ
ԭļƻУȳ˾ʹŷθйࡣһȻϵسȺŷ岹ϣռϯ֮еϯ
Ĺݴѧʿְ֣֮Ļؾ֮һˣϵڳҲߣȫ

ǣȾܹܲ٣һӾͰȫˡ
ȣŷ̳Ե̫ˡ˵Ǹ⣬ŷ޵Ķ̫һһƪۡѴ
Ϊ̫ǿҸһƽһ¡˵ˣǸͷ
Ȳˣ˭أ
۴ΣĹϵӻһ㡣ǲСɾôʣµĶǸٳ¶ܶӵҲһˣ˻ͲС
ֻǣϾӺƣ϶һΡһŷͷͲˡ
˭
ֻһִУ
ǣ뾩ּⷢȥȴִо˻
ˣҲǸһٻʹҲĹֱ֮ˡλ༸๫ʧȥ˵ʧȥ˽
Ѿ֪Լʱ޶ֻ࣬Ͼһ̵ĵҲվһˡ

޷ֻðѸеѡȷһţȥһͷ⡣
˵ְ֮治˭ܸɵģҪҪĹԱ֮УҲͳִˡ
ִоͲ˵ˣȷ޷Ծֻʣһ硣
ڶõĹݴѧʿȴҲ⡣
⣬Լ

ȵ˴ϻûסֻȳǵʡ
ĳ룬ȸͲؾܹٲܡ
һȭǴ޻˵ܡ𣬶ðŴץס˰ѱ
ϣʵʱڵϾͿˬϷŹ⼸£˼౾ʧ¡
Ȼûô¶ȴ붼ˡ

ǣϵû˶Ҳʧ⣬ԴҲûƽˡ
岩еɽĹ

£
岩˵ʥ϶û⣬Ķȥѡȥ
Ҫոջε˾ʵΣ
˾ǲ̫ˣ

е̫ˣʮ꣬ʮ
ҪҲˣˡﲻʮ֮ǰͰĵز
Ҫ岩û취ˡҪȥȰȰСӣ볯ʲô¶ˣ
ЦǰȥȰɣȰ
ڹ£ҹȶٴˣȰ볯ǵùǲͬ⣬ʵҲû취
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˵ҲΪ˭
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붼룡һ仰ͰİƤ˻ȥ
㻹ɰƤ˲ɣ
ôʲô¶ңҪûңǻǲǣ
岩̫֪Сʦˣûá
Ҳܣ㲻ϣҲöϣ˵ȵһ㲻ӦϷ򻹲أ

һͷۣģӲģġ
أ򵥸¶ǵȥܼа
˵İƤȿû׼һڵ¡
¶Ѱ𣿡
岩һ㶣а취
ô򵥣
һɸֵӣ㣬ǰɣ
ԣ
ѡǵִղ԰ɣ
ԣ
ôֱӸǰӲ͵ˣ

岩ʱЦãñɽһӶ࣬



661 һ˾ɢƴ
꣬һϵ㵹ȣֱָֽⷢλ֮͵ɣ˾ͷ޹ؽҪ˸Զ׶˸׶
ؽڣһڳҲֻһֲǶ衣
ô꣬Ҳ֪ǹټҴĺãһϵĳݣһֱǰֽû취òŻƽ⳯֡
ǡ
һӶ࣬岩ɵһȡ
˵ôˣһʹƴ󣬱һ
еİƤңôͲܻǶأ
̲סּһ䣺ͦˣôһؼʱ̾ɵأ
㣡
岩ôʮˣøСô䣬İƤŹ֡
ʲô㣿Ⱦһһ仰˻ȥʦ˵㼸䣬أ

岩Ｗһ֣ȴС쵰ţ
Ͷˡƽȵһ
ʱ䣬ԴˣЩܸʵֱ˵İƤײǹˣȰĻ˵ˣҲйй
þգָͷ๫
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˾ʹ͸иǵˣһö֣˾ȨԭԺͶԼˡƹܳĶһܿյļֲûʲôʩ԰ɣ
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ϼֱϾ࣬ҪǶ֮Ļʵ
ǾͰӶǾ𣡡
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СôôأղŻ˵ӣô㶮Ϲָӣ
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˵ӶǣҲࡢ˾λöøؾ֮
Ψһͬľǣְ֮μÿճһƽְ֮

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һࡢ඼ǹϵ˾͸йְλóҲڱɳռ졣һԾɴȨգʮĻȨ
ĸй˾ʹֻҪ̫ǿƣΪ
ļɱѶԸĶ࣬Ǹ⣿
ǡǡ෴Ҫ࣬ƽϻҪ硣
ͳûһĽɫˡ
࣬ҲĹݴѧʿȨܴȨҲС
ȨΪӽʱһ仰һǧ䡢һ䣬ǻʵεˡ
˵ȨСΪְȨ˵ʵ졢ʷ飬¶

濴ְλиǰᣬǾǣûʵκͳ谮ţ棬ģǲȨ֮ˡ
ǣ
Ȼ߱һ㣬Ѿ͸ģ˵Ļ
Ȼᣬ綼硣
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ɼֲأûУڹݸ飬ϼ־û˱¶

岩˵Сʦ幻ϼҪ֪ˣĶˡ
̲סʵ
ӺΪ˭سȽϺʣ
ҵ๫

ֻһ

岩һ֮ȴǵͷеˡ
ȳôѾǺܡ֡ˣҪָֻŵģʲô¶ˣǾˡ
岩̲࿴һۣ䡰ֻǰȴ̫Ʒӡˡ
֮ǰĴǹٲܣڵأӺƿʼĶˣʼСˣʼô޼ɵˡ
뵽岩ɰЦȴҵˡ𡱵Ļᡣ
ӺƵ
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ȵţĿ岩С¥ﻹһ£ʦǸˣ֪ܹܲٲڵ⣿

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ɱһİͿһ̾ɣȰɣ
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֪ȵ˼ģҲ֪бҪ١ǣôİƤŹôһʦ͵أ
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һܲŻҪİƤ˵⣬ǿ϶ͲǹǮ⣬ȥҲûã
岩һ㲻ΪȵĻϷֻ˵һ㣬Լȥĥɡ
ʶʣʲô
͢ѾĸûиƷϵĹԱˣ
գ
ûס
ôأ
岩ٴЦأ
£ļʮҪˣʱŽأ
ǷǮ˵ùȥҪԲǾͲǳôˡ
ȳ岩һµ㵱ģǡ
ܰӹҲ˼˵
İƤȴһҲӺ粽ãڵģ


ڵģ岩ûڿ

ʱıʱǣ͢ȴû˶ù֮ԭʷ켣ӵĲ硣
ʵ岩ʡ
˵ȾͳһǮԴΪ͢Ҳ١
θģ˰ղݹơִ˰ķᡣ
ǣ׬ǮıһǮΣȴǮߡ
ƴƽʱƽ˾ȥֻһͷͲ㷭׶ˡ



662 Ϸ
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ǣϾǴʮһζôӴľӣ漰ǧľٹʢ١͢ٲǮҲһ㶼òһСĿ
ֻҪһͲڵĴܳܵġ
ЩȷʵΪ˰١ǣȥ꿪ȵشˮ˵ܱߵĸأǾʹ֡ؽðգһʲСĿ͢׽⡣
ţ꿪ͶñҪûǧľʣƾ͵Ӳס
űһսǬǻˡǣΪ˰˳֮һ˰ּ֡ʰսذջָ
ңһʮнٸعԱɹҪҪǲ⣬һʲСķá
Ĵ˰ûȣѱİƤ˳ȥȴǲ֮£ֻöùԱٺ»¿
ȻΪʲôȿ飬ڷּＴָΡָү취ﳯ͢ɹѹء
Ķסˣ


ҲǷˡ
ˣΪʲô˵γսСС֡𰡣
ڳǱβ״õʱˣɼʹǼһսųʮѻǳ͢ԼȴѾܲסˡ
˵⡰ƴƵʲôز˰ɣ

Ϊѵؿȡ͢˰֮ôȥ˷г·
һ̾ʦͲ˭ȥܽ⡣
Ǹ޵׶ӸϽ˭Ҳƽ
岩ʱӹͷԲŽдɳ
ȳĬЩҡˡ
岩ϣؿȣԵüǽšҪ˾ʹְ֮һ롣
롣ûö⡣
̧ۿ岩һʱ䡣
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ã
ȥټңһʱ䣡

Ŀ岩ȥıӰϵ齥ȥԽԽ䣬һֱŵΪ֮ɫҲǵȻ޴棬ʳһոȰ볯Ȼ෴Ļ
Ҫǣ
Ҳ⣬֮һЦʦȻϷ
Ϸ
εؿЦҡͷĿݵͶ룬ȴӦһµġ
ȳһƣҾ˵ʲôҲã
ȴ룬һ𱸵ǹԼ

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ͣ

˭ϣ볯Ǹأ
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ȻõΪʲô˵ΪʲôҪװͿ岩ôһ
ȻΪˣ볯

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Ϊǰֱӣֱֱȥû˵׹ͨ
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ԭҲԶ׼
Ȳ볯ͬʱԶơڱжٻȨڳ֮У岩ȴǸ׳ǧ
ǣһ˳͵ߵ̨ϣ岩ʲô¶
ԣ˳˼ˣȴѷˮӺƵʦ棬ȰûȰǶ岩ˡ
˵֢ỹϡΪʲôҪװͿΪʲôҪȵأ
˵ڵϾܹǷ飬Ҳ档ϾĸʵҲϣ³һƿز˵Ȩʹ˺ҲС
ȻΪʲôأ
Ϊĸ
Ϊȸĸĵһŵ
ʱЩ𱸵ؿȣǹԼ
ǱĬº͹ɣ
ҿҲûǱȥҲûº͵ȥ
´룬ûȰѱôȴǰѹټŵˡ



663 赽Լͷ
ڷ͵ԹҲһ
Ȼ´һһŵľǣû취
ǮȶǮ⣬ֻжûִҲþͳִϡ
ĸиӰȶľǹ
һ͵ʶһ⣬Ǿǣ̺űȾ۲ơƸµ
ԤεǮҷУҪ̹̺ϡҲ˵γӡǮȨѾ˹
˵ڹռ࣬ǣˣʵƶǡȣ
ܲ£

Դۣʦ˵û̫硣
飬üΪӡ
ȫװͿʵơ볯ڹ֮еá
˵岩ԼСžţųǧȻķʦʱҲ˳岩Ϸ
ӲȷĥļλߣʱһǣΣҲ
ȥұ£
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Ų˷˼ϣ
ҲһٳˣӾΣܸıأ

ȹܲôˣǸʺҲʺ
ʹû˽ģûбġǣڵͽͲͨ
ǣǸ躢ӣǰһЬ


ȻʶƹΣ𺽣οʼȫµọ́λʰġ塱֮䣬ҲҲزǰˡ

ˣȻȥ
ʱ
֮䣬˵縸ӵ֮䣬ʱ
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̧ͷŷֵѾ˵ơһƬڡ
ЪϢɡȰһ䡣
ҡͷĿ

岩Ѿ˯ˣ٣ֻҴۣݡ
ԵЩ谵ڵӰ֮󣬿üۡ
ֻǣϸĵ岩֣ټ˫¶˫֣
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ԣľȴǱˡҪ֪һ굽ǮֻǮɣ
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668 ֻ仰
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Ȼ˶˼ʶһʮǧʲôɫ׼ɵ˹Ϊĥĥڴ¥ϡһľ֮ʱ˻ˣ˵ز˼ˡ
һЩؿûɵʲôƣҲϺӷƷ
˸ǿ˰֮ƶĳҶʮϺӷн׳Ʒľѡƶԣûְװûһľƣ
һЩⱾصĿȴֱɵˣԹԣûɣ
ˣôȣ
ؿ̸Ǻ棬ϵãʲôƣ
ƣ
Ǿƣһ˵


679 ȲҲ
ʱҲգض˷Ǹƺӡ
Ѿˣϵдʲôơǣ;ɽɱȡ
ļҵʦУƿõǶҤƷ״ƿӣƿµ鶼ǼƷսƳɡ
ⶫǶһţǶ԰ƵģǲƵ˵ɢһҪΪе
ӵһӦǣҪ
ǣе㷸ţģղˣ
һƿɽͿ˰ļ۸öǮˣӶǸˣǳˡ
ôô˵ҲƿӾơӺӣžԩͷ
˼ȥӾãˡ
һƲƽʲôö
ۣ
е˶ˡ
ʶ𣿣
۾һأӾûϣа
ʶʶ֪һҪǿ϶֪ġ
ȷʵܼҵģܷ
Ӿûϣôذɣˣ

һ˵ûϣôУʱԲòãҲܹ⿴Ͷ
ȳ˵

ӸˣҲˣƻܳ
԰ȿ϶شӦ
һƿ붼û룬һͰεƿڵľ
ȻԳ

Ȼľƿֵ͵ıĳһƬ˺ѷεĺУ
ˣ
˸ǷһָȣˣôԴˣ
Ŷȥ
ӱûףһлĶˣôô
ڣһ֪ˡ

ʱƿӣֱӵǰһǮСƱˣһ
ˣ
һУ̣ˣ̣ˣôܵأ
ôȷװʢ
ơ
ðɣȺ֮а֮̾һƬΪ⴫˵еľƽ
ʵ̲ˣҪʲôҺһһթӡ
ƱҪﵹ
ȵȣЦųֹ
о仰˵ǰ档
ʲô
ҲҪǮġ
գ
С𣿳ҲҪǮ
УӾǲȱǮ
治ˣһӹֻǳһڣǳİɣ
ȻҪǮҹҲͲˣѾƱյǰš
ţҲûʲôرġ
ʴᴥմһҺҰҰɡѰþҲǿôһɣ
ҪһСϸƷȴǱ˷һߺȣûѹųë
һᣡ
һֽУʲôһᣡ
̫žƱһľˮһΡ

ᣡ
㣬вӲˣָ˷ˡ
̫ࡣ
ʮᣡ
үӲҶˡ

ûġһȻⶼǸۿ۵ġ
٫Ź־ŭֺµı飬
ǰȥӹľƿ͵ǰ֪ʲô𣿡
ӶǶһҲҶľֹҪǮ
ʲôҲֻһھҪʮɣ
ܹҡͷ˵ɣʵʵ涨ãҪܵ档
Ҳˣ֪˰ɣ
Щ治ܵġ
˵ܹЦŨʲôơ
˾֮ʮ꣬ƿһһң䡣ͽ䡣
Ϻӷѡȡ֮ľΪУҤ״Ϊʢֻף
ֻһͷͰզ࣬ôôأ
ǣ٫Ļ֪ʲô
˾Ƹһܾҳ¶мӡ
ӺΪʥһڱ¡µô˾Ʋ꣬˫֮ϲӴ˾Ϊ֮ףλ֮ڣٹ٣ƿڳ
ãûˣĵزˣ
٫û˵ꡣ
ڶԪڣȺ延Źġλ֮࣬⡢䨡ԡƽȵȽسʢᡣ
ӺƾТ٣׵ڶס䡯Ⱥ干֮ϷԾΪԸԸι񰲡һԸ
ƸΣԸ
ͣ
ھ͸ˮ̳һ֪ΪʲôȾͿһƿƣ˶Ƶġ
ˣƷŪ׾ƣһûʵۺˣӣһ÷Ǻˣƾ͹ˡ
ôô˵˾ܳأ
ǣܳɣӣܰƺȻ׾ѾˣʣһҲôЫΡһࡱˡ
ⶫѾûǮˡ
˵Һøղûһư
ҪҵҲƷӶİɣ
뵽һһѾƱϡ
Ҳˣ

˵䣬ֻּһʪͷȥͣˡ
ӽ޲øԼӣüûˡ
ʱ˷Ǵһĸߵڶ
ʮᡭ



680 Ҹʣ˯

ʱڷ¥ɽĲż٫Ұ죬ϸضľƱ
һھʮᰡ
˷žƱȴ᲻úȣ˲٫Ǹʲôζ
ܹƷƷ󣡳˹ûʲôر𡣡
˷ᷭŰۣĵ粻أ
оƱԥջǴյߣСƷһڡ
á
һھʮ򰡡
ðɣͲܹһҲֻƷһ֡
תͷȣƾͲǸ˺ȵģ˷ѣ
Цһʮ㲻úܹ𣿡
ǹˣȴҪˣ
˵湻ģô۸˾һ۸
İƤأҲ˺üΣأֻǸӡ
Ӹոմӷ¥ȥʱ򣬺ûˣ˷ῴŶеĲ̡
ЦžƱһ
ͦǮ࣬ҾϲǮࡣ
٫ӵ͵ȥɣҪӻϻǰʮƾͱեˡ
˷Ҳ˵ҪǵĶֶʣǿɾʡ¶ˡ
ߣЦһؿ˷ᡣ
ʣȻɣ
˷һһ˿ͬ
ɵ˼ԹԸǮ
ҡͷֵһһ
˷۵Ҫ޲ȥѾƿ
ȣȰɣڣ
һƿˣͲܺ
Է±ӣЦϲӦûǮ
ԹԸǮ˷һĲš
ʮᰡմմģ
ҪΪʲôԹԸǮż֮ȴǴ춯ȥֻһŻ
λңūﵽˣ
٫˷һۣ˵ȸгˣ
ɺƻūһȴûЦ绨ɫһžذţ˪һ㶢ȡ
˰ЦţԴȻߵλ죬
ūūҲ
ūһһߴԹػػ
²˾Եг㡣浱ūѰˣԺȥ
ԹǷˣǷӾͺûһǰ˵飬б۾ûͷûԵһ䣺
ŽĸǮôգ
ūһۣⶼ֮ǰˣȻʱʡ
޹»ūūɲùôһǮ
ȶһ£˵Ӧõġ
ūǰ֪һ֮ͭ©˷ֻһ㣬Ϊ͢ΪصʧʮͿԺġ
ǣߣַ˼һüͷ㿴
ôͲˣ˵ģۼǶܣȴûһж
Ӵū٬ذθ˵ӡү֪أѵá
ֻүأ
ȵʱ۾һ¶һֻЧʦҲ߻Ⱦưףǲ˼ѻ
ϧ˵Ҳ˵ţơҾ߹ȴлӢ
ʲô
ū޲ӻȵĿ⻵б¼仰͹˵Ļҧ޺޳ͲҪǮأ
٣ҲţǵԼ˵ģ˭ļ۸ߣ˭Ϳɵùﴹࡣô۰ǮˣԼҪȴˣ
㡭
ūɾ䣬Ѿ˻ȥ
㼸ӣϴĲԸ⣬Ҫ˯ұŵȥ
ūһɣࣿ㵹ѽ
Ҹʣ˯𣡣

еͣȽӲȥˡ
ߣȳԱӣūǵ⣬ؿȡ
쵨ûֵ

ȿȡ
ܹʵȥˣܲ㣿⻹أ
ҪΪȳȥתһȦ
ūʱ࣬˲ָԭǹɷ£٫һùүЦˡ
٫ЩؿЦܺƷӶ쳬ģҲֻйһˡ
ūԣ֪٫ڿţҲֻ˳˵
̧ūūˣūūûôı¡
˵⿴һۡūūͲţټ뷶˵Ҳ䡣
һ¶٫һ֡ټҺͷ˵䣬һˡ
Ҳ䡣
ΪΣ
Ϊ٫̯֣Ρ˵ڶ䣬ӾҪˡ
ż֮жʱ˵ĻЦոһȴΡ
˷֣ãǣܺӶģֻһ˶
ص˲˶һۣɫĶˣ
㿴˷ץסȵı鲻šһ䣬ĳѾҪˡ
ūòҵ˺ϻԸȵĻᣬŹʱӵūūҲ㿴ˣλӾ¿Ƣģ򲻵ã˵ء
ˣˣˣղ˵Ķˣ
˷һ£ūĵȴǴ˸ոյĻͷ
ʶʵ˵Ķˣ
٫Ȼǵ˵Ķˣûӣȡ
˳˵ӻԹԸǮ

٫˷Ĭˣе⣬ͷȴǲҽȥġ
ū곡Ϸû⣬漰̫˽˵ĶȴҪзִġ
֮ǰĵ˶֪ȱл˵
Ůڳȴôӵȥ
룬ȿūתЦ
ûϵñ



681 
ñ˶е㲻ˡ
ūʲôݣ֪ǸӵҲУȾȻҪʲô
ūʱȴǿǳȻ֮ǰĵĻⲻʺ
֪ȤһūūֻӦƹ֮кȴǲλ̸ūūˡ

ȥȽĿȻūвԸҲֻùԹԵ˻ȥ
һߴϷһֻƱūǰһԸ
ҺȾƵģǴкߵģ
ҡ
Ʋ
ū޷ֻöǳһڡ
ȷǺþơ
šͷžƿ
֪ʲô𣿡
֪
ѾƿŻϣȻ㳢һСڣֵʮᡣ

㿴һ㣬Լ֮һ
̫ãȴ˲˭ȵĶˡ
ټҺȹҵʦȹȹܲʵҲȹ
ֻմһմŵٲҺȡĸؿҲֻţȴǴӲƷһڡ
ڣҲơ
ūȻɫ࣬촽࿪ʼס
ūūūūˡ
Ŷζһɡʲôˣ
ūӰƷӷµ飬ԶƼװԩҡ
˵ףҲиôһöӣûʸټҡȵ˵֣ûʸơ
ūʧ˷ִ磬Ӧúһġ
ҡͷЦòúȣܲܺȣ˵㡣
ˣ˵ʸ񣡡

ūͷȲ̾ʵҸϣǱǮȥʼµ
ǣȴûС
һգգضūӦõġ
ҡ
̾ūֹ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭҪ¡
ӣǱĹ˼߲ˡ߹ıߣҪ֮һ֡
ô˵Ѿ֣ʸⱭơ
ǺǡūһЦ
ȣҪǮʵûôӣֻһʱǰʧϡ
ϧƷվˣļ壬ҲĶŮ˼
ã
سһūҧ´Ȼ
Ȼӿūūūūֻз㵽ˣ
˵䣬Ʊѧȵӣһмֺ
Ȼ˵ݶˣūūҲм仰ҪԹӽ
˵
ūռüɫȴū˷ֻСϽֻ̣ΪɫˣΪı
ǣ˵ףūֻһٲµŮӣûйӵͨȨƣûоиλ˼պ󣬻Ҫ顣
⻰˵Ĳǿ룬Թ
˵ūѾȦ죬޾ίԹؿȡ
һ̾£ûб˼
ֳȻִ֣ڣִףҿûа˼вȹ
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ﻹǰߵһ˫ĿԽ𣬴κλκζ⴫
ȿū𣿡
ס
ӵ˼ǣūūǹӵˡ
˵ҺǸ˼ɣ
ȻŮϸܷˮȴñ˵ֶһȥ
ˣһ׵ġ
Ů˼㻵һȻǺġ֮ɸн֮飬Ȼû˼
ֻЩ˵κȶ죬ʹӾͲѿūһϸԱȰѻ˵̫ݲ档
֮õϾת٫ӶǮ
٫ʱҲеŪʲôȻת˻ͷҲֻ˳˵ȥ
Ϊʲô
Ц㲻Щ𣿡
٫һ£ôһ˵ҵǾȷʵе
̫ˣ
ô¶˷᲻֪˴ʲôաʵ
ȲĻԹԵΪ̫Ÿ

һǧҵټŪıȱ񱬷һ׳߶ȵװ磬Ȿ͹ˡ
뾩֮ɵЩ¶ͭǮƫƫĶǲܼҵĲҵ²ܼҲ֪ͭ
ͷһ쿭ؾڶȥǡȵŮˡײŵ£ְһôö
ֻ⼸ҲûôƶؼΡ
˾ְ˸ףһ춼ûϣֲܵ¥һᡭ
һƿɽӾԲҲɲ¶
ȰӸɹġ¶һ׮׮һ˷ǰ˹ΪףΪʲô˵˼ˡ
˷ţۡ
ͷİ


682 
ӵͷģе˵
Ͽ˵Ȼؾ£һֱڡ⡱ƣȴûռˡ
ɷȴǴôôʾá
ʾã˷һɻ󡣡ǡڿū֮ǰǰĿתͭǮϡ
֮ƫƫžݵĲҵ֣ⲻþݾ𣿡
˷ԽԽ϶֮ǮǱڴǰ¶
ϼֵ˿Ӿܵ¥һᡭ
ǣ԰˷ȥǾòζ
˵ǼǱҴ壬ϣϣǶǾԵĶ档
ʾӺã
ȳҡͷ벻׵ĵط
ӵгֵȳɳȴΨûһôĴʾá
ո¥£ע⵽ûУ
٫˼תѹ¥˵Ļֹһ飬Ȼһ
˵Ǿ䡭
ոչӿ˵ˣǮٶ࣬ҲȲһӡǮġ

٫
۹һʱ˵©죬Ϊ֮ҪȰʾʲôⶼӲһʵǾǣ֪ȯıʡ
ô˵ӻ治򵥡
飡һҧ¶˾ġ
̧ͷ٫˷ᣬ֮ڣ涨ҳ˼⻹к̣жٲҵ˿ڣٹҲһ
˷пɱ
ǡ
ֻݵؿľƱûʲôҡҵĴգ
ٲ¶ͼǾ͡
Ρ𣡡

ǧڳ˶ϡ
ūŵýһʶһ
ôˣȷĲԣתͷ˹
ûʲô
ūӬо⡣
Цô𣿡

ҲٴƱ˶˺

ٽҹ˶˲Ψһһ˶ǣָɵƿǧ𣬲㾡ˡ
ūų˷¥ҹһԻ
ͼֶ·£һŷ⸺ֶעߡ
ȵȻһЦԲ٫˷ϷŰ˵ԹԸǮɣ
˷Ǿ֮ʣۿֶʱ¡
ãҪǺξģ
ҡͷҺġ
ôһ˵ѵĲܹ˱˷ᣬλεȥһԭء
ūȻ֪֪ò֪
ȶūūҲȻȥˡ
۾һȥʲô
ˣſɣ
ū̲סЦ˵Цⲻͦѵˣ
ȿɲĹάү֡

ӾôվؿȰѲ˶˴ߣؿūȳԼ˹
Բ֮ϣƽŰ裬м֮
ū
ƹӡ

ūԾӣ΢ӼԼûϴǰ֮ǲȵ塣
ֻһ仰ȫ߸ӡ
ȣ⣬ЩȻ
ӹȻƱô򵥡
ūĲȥ飬ʽʶ˰ɣ
˫Ʊǰ֣һ
ݣȣӺƣ

涨֮
֮ζһЦƶ֮ġ֮𣿡
ҲС
󷽻Ӧж֮ġ֮
ж֮´ŹһĽӲӡ
ǻû
ȻȵϷŰȴɳȣȻЦ
ڶӷףҲһ𣿡
ڶӷס
૸ãԵĴָߣ
ǧң
˵ɣҳΪ󣡣
ҡͷЦкǷծǮ
ȷЦҪãǮ࣡
ͷ빫һļ롭󣡡
𣿡ȷʡҪʲô˰ɣ
һЦҲĥߴ̧һá
룡ʮͷϣھͿȥһ㡣
˦ֹȻ㸶Ǯǡ
ģ
˵꣬ЦЦؿŹֻҲ¶һȻ֮ɫ
ģ

ˬˮƽ
ҹǷ֮ʱգҹ㡣
崦һټ΢ɾһ̬껺УҲҹ֮͡
֣֮쵹ЩļˡһƿɣȴҪ˶ġ
һ߿źĻδһ赭дؿʼνġġ
ʹҹɫڸǣһȻܿϵķ¡
Ҳ뼱ǡ
Լµ֣ٲ㣬Ժ뼱Ҳûˡ
ôģ

ͣ²ӣȣȻһʵģ
Ҿǹңûϵ


683 ǧǻ
Ҿǹңûϵ
˵仰ʵе⡣
۾һգգؿ˹Ρ̹ȻϷԣȻڣûϵûϵأ
ش𣬷һ֣
⼸ʮỨĻԩǲӺƻѹҹ鵽Ǳȥˡ
Ŷ
ȷظӺ֣Ǽҹңûϵ
е˼
е㲻ˣҪ˵ϼҴҪڼƲϵ˵ùȥ
ǣڱ֮еĸΪι̣涨Ǳ֮ĵһΪ涨һҵĹңôܺһƵùȥ
Ϊʲôȸɴ಻ˣֱ˳
ɻû֮ôڱ
ûҹҺθɣЦ̯֡ӺƲΪǿİɣ
𣿡
Ȼ治ǡ
ô˵ɡ
Ž壬ҪôȨȨٰȨֶһɲƸһ
ҪôǮǮˣȻȨĹһѰȨ֧š
ϸƷӵĻ˶ʮϿɡ
͸
һЦһתӺƾãҪǿ㣬֧ǧ𣿡

һʱԣͲܡ
һǧж೤ͬ١
Ӻһֱڣֻأʥ׼ҡʦżң峬ĴڣĸҴù´أĸɽǧ겻أ
ʱٴ𣺡ƿǿһʱȴܳ˳Ѹ߾һ壬ȴǧ겻
Цˡ
˳ơ֮ҵǧ귨š
ô˵ҵã֮⼸ʮ򻨵ùˡ
ȻųǷӣȴӡļٲˣٵҲ治ˡȻǱûϵ䣬ֺαأһ
ԣһۣЦ˰ɣ
ҽȼ鳹ʵʱͣȴҲʱɴˡ
ЦʱһƵĴСе
ǲҽҪǲ͵ҹҰ
ۡ
ȴūûסЦӲˡ
һūӣƶǰ
˵ƷӣҲ̫˰ɣ

Цǣ֪Ϊʲôȴһ㶼Ц
Ȼ֪ӡǮҲ֪˳ƶϣǱ߻ޡҲӦòµҪɵ飬ݲУ

ҡͷȴûнӻĿǰ
ôǮ͵ʲô˵ʲô˽죬ҪǮŶ
ǣЦһ˵Ҳûá˵Ҫ˵ĻǮ
Ŷ¡ۡ
ˣġͣ½Ųĺˮ
Ӻڷǽƣ˳ơƣ
ǰȸ͡ѣҲա
Ǻβһñȥأ
ţ֮üͷһ塣
Ȼ˻ͷһ˵ꡣ
ӺǴˣҶ˵ʲô
ԹߣִߣԳǰҪȫö࣬׵öࡣ
΢У̫УǶԹĴ䱸
Ȱˣȴȵ񾭡֪⻰ĻǼ⣬֪Ŀĺڡ
ǽҹġصɣ
ֻûһ˿̹ȻҪǮǮӺƲܵ档
תȣֻΪӺƣҵ˳֮֮¡
仰
ǰȲվһߣҲվһһߡԣҲûվӺһߡ
ΪӺãֺӺƷŹأ
仰ȫһã֮ǰǾ仰

Ȼһ⣺
һǻۣһ߱Ĺǻۡ
ǻ۲ʮ绽ܻ۵ģǧεġ
ǻ۲ûУ٫˷ҲûС
һøǮ
ЦǮͲˣƿһ
˵ЩԹԹʮմմɰӲˣ
̯֣ˣȹˣ
˻
ݳһ磬ĵһƿȹˣ
ƿָһһ䣬ȫǸɹˣ
ܼҰӰšӻܼң
ţĵúãҺʮȻأ
ȴ֣ʮذ
᲻룿
۾һָ˼ƽյĴֱ֮ࡣ
˸ӣΪ˽⼸仰˲ܾݵһö¥ʮ򡣡
ٲϵҾҪˣ
̽ЦҪʮҾͲҪˣ
ԣ˳һ֣ҿУ
㣡һ䡣һж٣
Ŷˡһָߵū㻹ø͵Ǯ
ΪΣ
˵Ҳ̫Ҫ˰ɣҼʮˣŮ˻һǮ
ȴȼؿڣ
ΪǸŮϸ



684 
Ůϸ
һ仰ûѹŸͷ
ʲʲôŮϸ
ȹ棬Ǳҵϸ¡
ۣ
ˣϸ
֪ϸ㻹߷ţ
ȴ֣Ҳûʲô˵Ļǿ⴫Ļ
ǳ׷ˣΪҹװһѡĪ⡱СסˣôͲأ
ĻܴҵĻɲܴ
Ҳ˵һôôı顣Բ͵ڷѰ
㡭
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˾ʹûú๫ĵһ¬
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ʮ꣬ɹ类ӵһߣͺˡ˵ͷѽˣô׶Ϊˡ
˵˭ǿɣ
ԡ岩Ͳ˵ˣȨ֮࣬ʮǽһȡ
ŷ޹ĲȴѾ̳ˡǽһˡ
ƽ顢Ȼû࣬ǺߵýھǴҲͦãҲ
⸮ˡԽԽ͡
ګྸȻҲʲôˣ˼ҵ͵뻹糯ϡ
ţ磬䵽ȥˡ
ǣ˼ҽ˰һֹ͡
ҺǸŸӡӵɱˡ๫ܷ
ԡٱһǿ
ٱʯΪʯѾˡ
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꣬ǸƵط޲ΰȵʮ˴ʺ顣
ޣ
ȣ岩޸
ЩĽڽº뼸µǡ
á
־ıһʮ޴Ԩ޼ֲӸλȴηηβһѡ
ǣ޹ޣɹûзʱ䣬ȻǸ꡵ĺȻǸһ֮ĹǺĺɹ硣
أ̡
ûиϴͬ͡岩ȥһţûֳһļ
ᣬˡ
ʥּˣ
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ӵּĺЦˣЦζЦһưţ
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ĵҲ⣬˾˾վ

񣬺ڿ£Ѭšӡں๫С

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๫ǰɣ
ߵڳɷ羰ͻأûкôġɧ顱
ﶼˣĻйٷǵװʲôβǣ
пŵĺòʰȤбڳһۣа

ȴǲ¶һ˼ٿһΡĿǽһ
ǣ
ա
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¶͵Ľȥٳųٴ帮ŽңѾǺܲ˺ðɣ
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698 
ţ
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ʵʱһʧȥǵĺӣͨһУ˹һ
ôԴˮһţɹջҲôţ±˲֪һѵİ
ʮ԰ֻ꣡ܲǺο
๫ûзִˣɣ
ʵüͷšһʹ̫Ѩ
ͷۡ
ˣϽɡ
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λĶŵʮӣƢԽԽˡ

ʱδĺȻȻ뺷Ȼ߸˧
ܲʵںʵ򼸸ڸԼֵȫˣӭȥ
๫
ֻʯȲȻһֹ֣סõĺѡ
¼Ȩ·ڳѾϷ˵ˣӵ²ؿס
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ܲʵԣȻӡ
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Ҫһϼ죿
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Ը꣬ʵҡͷ̱صӡǻûȣֻѾվȥ
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صĳߣȴҪӭһӭġ
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ɹһ۸ĸоͺǰ̫һǣֲһʱҲ˵ﲻһ
Ƕ˼֡

ԣӦɣؾһ¾ǵ˵ߵţְԼĽ
߲ư
ȭɹȴǱ仯Ĵ󰡣
˵꣬Ⱥ룬ϼּһ䣺ǣȴû䣬ǵǰ緢
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УҲ֪ǺĻ⣬ǰλһһλӣֱ֮һ
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ϼһ£ĵλռһԼĶһʵʵĶ
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ϧλʮעʧˣУѾûλǸˡ

ʵȻöûãİõλ뺫ܲû쵰Ǹݶϣһڵܵܣϼֵ
˶£ܲȿڣǸ๫µ񡭡
ϵҶѾˣͲ׸˵Բ߰ɡ
Բߣ
ֲ˫Ŀ΢գ۱ǹġʲôԲߣһѱɾƨɣʲôԲߣ
õĶԲߣһ㣬ʲô
ȶʮ꣬˼ʮ꣬ϼ̫Ծˡ
ǸӵǲץסѱɱС
λʵ෴ơԽףԽǿԽҪ˼ʵ¶֡
ϼֿʲôǴԽԽ
ǣӣҪһϢġ
Ȼʵɫһ࣬ڵΪϾȴûʲôϲ߿ʩ
أͻأʳ
ֲһ̾
Ҳˣֹٳϵİʼᷳ͸
һʹҪѹһͷǷʮǰֲ֪ڡ
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ɹߣǲֱ˵Ϸǡ
û뵽ֲôƽͬʱҲ̹Ȼ
ȷӦԡ
ʲô
ʵڵһվʳ


699 ӵ岩
ͬʱУ岩ԾҲڽһ̸

£
İƤһȿ˿ڣ̬Щ񡭡
Ŷ
һ岩ھг˾ˣʱظϻ˵Ļܲ
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ϣʼͻ󣬵ʮλʹѾϣǱʵ˰ȷʵ⡣
֮ͷ֮еġڹĵǣôط
岩Ҳͣ٣ѲĲֺгһľ󰸣Ҳչǰ

˵򵥣һٶʮʯ˰⣬ò۱˵̡ĿǶ٣һˣٽϵʵ飬Ҳܲ³š
ĿĵģĿǽǹ̺永Ա
岩鰸ĹУһ꿪ⳣƽֵСǱ͵͵˳ƽ֣֪رġǣڿˮϣĵڣڳƽУҡڵر̾ˡ
ֱ֮˵У߼۳
ӿ⸮͢ʱһ˵֪¡
⻹岩ģ永
жˣİƤ˵ˣֻ˵һ㡣
ƽֹ˾˾ƹܣĿ˾֧˾
Ӵʹ֧ʹⶥţ֧˾˷ʹƽֵءǷ⸮˾ץһԩġ
ʲô
ţ˾ࡢõ๫ʵֻۣҪʵ˰մ߶ˣû˲֪¶ûû¶ġ
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岩ص£һ永ĹԱУдƷҪһˡƷˡƷʮһˡƷƷʮˡƷٰʮˡԱʮˡְʮˡ̼񻧶ʮˡ
İʮˣ̰ûǮٶʮᡣ
УһһʮİʮԲͬϷ֮֡һһٶ䲻

İʮˣ˺þҲûζ
İٶˣʵۡ
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岩Ц£⻹𣿡


⻹𣿡̱֮ϣ絶ʡ
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飡һȡ׵׵ز飡
Ѵɸֽϵˣϸϸز飡
һ˾İٶ೯永һٶĽˡ޵Ҫǵ̰˶٣׽˶һ
Խ˵Խߣɵվڵⲽ
Ҳôʹʲôˣֻһ޾;ٹϢ飬Ҫ԰ǣ
£
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ٲ˰
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ж٣岩֪
ǣԿ϶ģЩ̰֮Уȫһ˵ĴӵĻҲͲˣֱӰѻλóȥˡ
Ȼֲ֣һһϵĿ϶٣ȻҲɲɡ
ǣ൱һһʱ⣬̰ôһʡҾ̸ϡ
ǣҪǰ˶ˣڳǼҽΪһĶ񳼣岩㲻Ҳ϶ܲˡ
жٱ̰һ̬Сˣ岩㲻
ʱ򣬲ˣǲ죿
㷨ڣټҷŹⲨˡǾһţΪԱƵһңҲûпܡ
͢һҵĳ͢Ҳðѻλóȥˡ
γûֹľ棬̫İܱʾҪǨװڿмȵĳ̫һߡܳλɾ̫һ
ԭʷ켣УҲͬĴ
ְһƵ±ϣϣѡһСģ»һ˵ģǳǧ԰˭Ҳ˵
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700 ԶƸ
ⲻǲһС̰СǴһ˹Се
ңҪһ岩ûᡣ
Ǿǣ໹ƣû

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˵岩̧ͷһ㣬Ҫ
ͷо֪Ͽ岩˵ġ
ֻҪ֪ǵĵϸһΪЩ˼ײжˣ˶׮ҲһĿȻˡ
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ڣ
޸ʱ䣬ؽһҵĵϸйؼλõĹԱã
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岩֮ǿܡаҲһˡ
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˵岩Ц˵Ҫɵķˡ
͢Ҳˣ°γܲࡣɻǸ߶ʮһŪֱӣ֮Чת
⻰ԭǲ̫޳ôģЩ̫ˣûôԡʡĻʵۣҲûô
ڣò˵ŭˡ
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ޣǺ۸ģ

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Ҳ룬ûԼء
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иֵĲǱٳ¡һ˿ĲСʵۣӰԹ塣
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ԣҡڵŶ룬̫ţǿ˿
ˣ
̩ɽ

ս
ֻǵһ棬ɹ绹иݡصľٶ


ȷʵӦ֮
УһýԼţ롣
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˵ֻΪ֤ټûеһ鵽ףʵͼ໹һġ
ãɹֻ˵Ӧ԰ɡ
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ϼûΪɹһ֪˷ˣʹһԶɱ֮С
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һһ˰İٶ೯йɣͲҲˣ°ѲɵĴ
ҪʵֵܰЩɹ飬Լųȥأ
ôİٶȫ·ʵ˵ʮװ永Ҳû·ֻһģı·
ǲҪԼšñ˺һš

ֵܳλ๫Ϊʲôţȫɵˡ
ڵǡͶǺĴһͱɳ׵׵Ķˡ
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ʵ
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ӺǸӣ
һȻܾ£һ֮ǡ
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һֵΣŵҺŶʮɱؾʦҪǵ𣡣

ʵϼʵƿԣʶƵʳ
һ
ǵͷ˶½ȫȻѼֲķŭС
һжԲߡ
ֲһüʲô
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ܸ߼ࡣ
㣡
ϼֻѣתЩεָźԡ
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ΣȻȡϷûүյһﺢӵǸ
˵УǲУ
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ʵȰȴϼֶ̧˻ȥ
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ϷˣҸǣ
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⣬Ǻã
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ô죿
ʵﰧôţҲ鵽һ˦Ӿ߰ɣ

ڴʱЦضϵĲһڡ
ȻүˣǾģһδðɡ
˵ţӻгһֽƵʵǰ



701 
ֲЩȻس
ΪõйسΪǼɵֵܵƶˣϼֺףһ֮ߡȻǸӦøɳ顣
ǣֲǼֵУǸѾʧȥϣʧȥΡ
ںɹ֮ǰʵѾģٲ˼Ҷ˵һˡ
ԲߣһֲЦ
˵浱ֲ²ʲôԲߣʲôһ
һ뿪֮õԾʲô˽⣿мʵŤתǬ޷ʱʲôͲ֪ߵغΪǬհˡ
Ǵݹ龩ģôҲԶ׼ˡ
ɺƣһԻıţһԻκˡ
սϣԼ˲ԼǾֻʣһú˴󵨵ˡ

˵ҪȰκһ֮
á
һӪʮ꣬ھ˵ٹ̡뾩ƣ湻һġ
ḷ́κһƱʢе֮
ϧһ裬ǼɵֵܸǼǳԲǴĴ
ϼھʮ꣬ԼĶ˭ˡ
𣿴Ӻơ
ҲãʵҲգǸ©ˡ
Ǹӣµġ
֮ǰȵ̸ֶǸӵְ˵һ仰
κΪУǰǣĵ
Ƿӻ˵һ仰
֮ݺ޼ɣƾǡֲ֪
ȶʮ꣬ϼֶ֪ӵûеޣж
һոջؾĺ͸Ұˣֱ

̧죬̾һ
үϷҡ
˵꣬ʶɨȻҲǳôǶС
ôӴ֣Ŀĵǰȥʹۡɻظš


ʵֲ֤⼸ʮĹٳûа׻죬֮²˵ʮ֮ʮҲ˰˾š
ͬʱʵźݹţ˫ֶѾЩˡ
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µ棡κԸң
΢΢һЦǧȷ
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ĸ̫ѵʾ˼ǴλλӦӣҪִܡ
ԣ̫֮˳µؾҪλڵܡܡ˻λȴֲˣԵܵĵ˽֮¶
ܵĵܣҲ֪͢˴¡ԭ紫λΪΪɶĵأвҪ췴
λҲ֪ôģ綼ˣĵȴˡ
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ǡǡǲΪ޳


У
Ѵ÷Ӵ˳֯
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һȴǲܼҵĶӡӪǸ϶
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һߣܾһЦѡ
֣ܾѾ˽ǰֻǰһֵо䡣ûŪô¶ͷŰۣ˹ȥ
Χ۰յһ޲ʧɫƷҪ裡
ǣⳡ濴ôôأǰҲҲƷӡ

϶һеóɣһӣҡš
š˵ĴŹ˻ȥΪӰѾ˳ȥ
ֻӺ;׿⣬ֱš
һߵĸǽﵲסǣ˷һֱ̤Ӿͷ˹ȥ
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Ϊһ
Զͼ飡

ޡԹ
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706 
ȴӵϼһĳ̧Ͽ̽ɵҶ߸ϡ
꣬˱ڣûջһ˼ٽ¶
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֮ڴ϶˺ֱײĺɱ̲֮ס૳
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б롣


޲ȻɵǰҲǵһָɱֳ䣬ʱɹѪɺӡ
졭
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ԣûӺƸո˵ǹˣ˽ͨ
ɱ
ԣɱ
ǴʼۣͬغɱֻԼ޵Ҫɱɸɾ

ɱ
Ƚ֮ǰ⣬ЦЩʱбܵĻ


ѱ򵹣ӪЩѪ˹ʿȣһ֮
֮Уܾʱ֣ѪȺ졣
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ԲȻ
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ʵǲֻԹصԼһЦ
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ȶĳȻӳԼֵһʶر۾
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һһʵҲ˲ʲôϣʲô⣬ʲôλ
ӣӺƣл˵л˵ĪҪˣ
һ֣ʵ档
ңɲһ־ʵ۵˸еų
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ʵͣǣӻѣԵ¸ȷʵΪܶ
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ܾӪʿʱҲѵǶ϶޲ȥֹ쵰һɱֶ֪
ȵģһڹűصν
ʵɳһӺҲҪҼƽ𣿡
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ӣӺƣ㣬Ҫ侲ɱɱɱңûаô
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˵Ȼһתѣ泯ϣ񱳳£Բ˰ӣڵϥǹǾȥ

ʱֻʣʵĲҺ
ֻһ£ʵһȾѾΥ̬΢΢ϥǹǸĲ顣
Լֵһŵƽֽнȴҳ
ܾǱεĴȶֱ죬۰

Ȼû꣬šüͷҲԳư
ٴԲ첲䡭

أȶԳˡ
ʵ۵۳Ҫιȥˣһȹȥѡ
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ܾĵô𰡣
Ӵ֮һȳȶ⻹ɱĲ̡


707 ٻӱع
ȴۣȫ
˵Ŀ׺ݣȴмᣬٲԸ࿴һһۣ
ԡ̲ס۾ŲӦе
ֻܾһͻعζ漴¶һ̵΢Цֵǣѧ
ʱ䣬֮к޵һ㣬顢Һϡ

߸ձۣûôأ;һһȴǾ׿Ҳܳʱͨ죬ֽߵؿ
˵԰ôôСŲġ
Ȼͷпȥۣ
֪׿Ϊʲôˣ϶ʱѾѻˣǡ
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ʮһˣʮȣȫϡ
ӣݵİ
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ԣŻӪǰ˵Ļ
ǣ֮ǣܾ˽͸˺ܶ࣬Ҳû̫ൣġ˭ò϶Сӣ˺һ
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οͷǿ׿ͺҲ˾֡
Щ׽ԽǽӽȾͲܲˡ
һһãЩ˶ȥҲܲ˵ġ
ԣµͷȲŸ⣬ҪֻҪȡ
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˵ɱʵͷʵһġ
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ܾҲǸողŻȻףȽΪʲôɱˡЩˣҲͲο׿Ǹ
ͬʱҲȰû뵽Ĳˡ

ֵǳݵңµҲܲôˡ
Բܾ꣬ת׿ͺӣҲ϶һߡ
׿һۣĶҲȥĶĶ
һԣȰ䣬룬ܾҲһƲ죬úӴžˣҵúع
һۣóοͷ񣬡ôţҲߣ
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708 ɽӦ
ͷʱѾʧԺ⣬СԺ֮ɫȥ¥գмɪ
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ͣʣְѱһӣִɸһƱӣһ
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709 ӵ
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ĿתضŰߵź𣬻ߡ
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710 һĺ˵˵
һγԣһˡˡ
ɸ翿ȵߣСţǷأĳ˺ŮԵѽ
ҲǣСȵұߣǸū𣿺ƯСӡ

οֻ¶轵ɱ֮εƤۣ̲סȴǶԶԶˡ
ɱ
ţΪصͷ󿿿󿿿𽦵һѪ
ԣ֪֮бĴڣٸھŹȭһ
·Сţ֪λ̨մ
ӹЦ֣ػ񣬡ҵҵ¹֮񡣡


ãͷ֯ˡ

ȱӶˣǴү侮ʯ
󿴿ɸ磬ҿεһЦٺ١
ٺ١
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ߵɸЦ绨ػصѽͦõġ
ǺǡȸЦתұߡ
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ұߵĸҲŴ۾ȻһЦǻС
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ʱɸһһȣĬˡ
ӺͿĿʱǲǵӵ𣿡
𣿡ͦô¶۾һҵģǵҵģ

һڿֵĳԹȺڶȥˣ治Ҫ
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ɸ͸϶Ĵ𸴡ǵġȵʱߣžһһĴ
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мεĳ棬ôһ֣ȴǻַǳ
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Żһ㣬ԶȥūΪʲôϴ
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711 ȡ
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⣬һڳӻ˯ֻȺ֮Уʱʱȴ˲ò
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кλθ߸˧Ҳڵͷˡ
죬죡Ϊ绽ҪھʦһһʹҡڵȥνǷâ¶
ϧǸо͹Уоģ๫һغ϶ûȴڿ㶼ˡ
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˵ǰϼҲȥֻ˼ҽȥûһͳˣһֽˣΪܵض֣һһ߻ؼҵġ
Ҳ룿һܣԾǼ²ԣˣ

ʱյߡ
ЩҲǽ岩Ĺ⣬͸ûؾˣǳûĵطֻһֱţȻԹ
ͺһһڿ⾩ˮеðġ
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ִ˴գ˵ƴҵ󣬱¸ôôͿɳ¶Իǰ𣿡
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˵յߣֻõ㻹ţѻ˭ֵף˭Ҿ͵ñ÷ֵ࣬òð
԰һ˵ӡѧѧ˼ϼ֣óͳһҶȵӣ㻹ָʲôһȥӣȥ͵ˣ˵ˣ
廹ǲ̫ţܾܲô˰ɣ
ǿ϶ˡһһ˵ûҪ˼ġڳľ飬¶ҪƤһʱ䡣ȷͷˣټҸʵĳͽ䣬Ҳ㽻ˡ

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λټңϡĹȴԽԽˣ


713 ƹ
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ⲻϴԭɣ
ȵɪعһЦΪһ;ôӣһ仰ӷŹ˼
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ñī
ϡҪʣ٫ˣҪʸʲôǰҪһףʾҲǹġ

٫һ̶ӡ
һ򡢶򡭡

ôǮˣ٫һСʲô¶Ưô¶ôʡأ

硢Ϸ硢
үģôأ
٫һӻأ㰮ôôš
ǣһܹ˻ûסǽϡ

ܣ
Ͽˡ
٫ãԼ̸ȵĽˣʵ벻ǸʲôΡ
ǣ׵ں档

Ȼֻһ˴󺰴Уǹһɸ;׿ĶҲˡ
һġǮһĹΡ硱ߣһۼ
٫ΪôܳԣҹҪһֻء
ٵ

ڣ
ԡܡڶŮȵĺ󣬻˷ܡ
٫ƵѪڳ׷һӾûһġ
ŶҪ͸͸һװ塭
˷ᡢӡο񡢲ܾżѩ壬һͷһͷڼװϴ۵Сۡ
˷٫һĸָţôá
٫ʱȫˣڨЦһû𣿡
Դҡ磬û
٫ʹһŶҹĲ¶Ҫɶ
ֿˣ
Ĳаɣ

ڣ٫ҲǲʲôˣȻǸʲôأ
ĳ룬֮󡭡

ӵ뺣Ҫ죬֮źҪ죬һĴ̣ɵﺣݡ
ΪۣйĴ󴬳ڴˣݳǿ˵ǺӶ·һָغˡ
ݸµʮλڲ촬Ҳ֮ڡ
˴ǣ˿ڶ࣬񷱸ũοΡҵ˵ǴӦࡢ졢һݸǿ⸮ҲȺ̫ࡣ
Ϊ֪ݵʱǽһӦݸ񶼹˲ȴҪӭʲộֱǺ֡
ԣǺ֣
Ʒӣ
ﶼ֪ټôģγܡ̿ǰôƷЦճ

Ҳ֮Աǣλ֪ͷɲСĳţһֶӣ˵ǡӡ
޺飬ȡǡʷͳ˵֮ΪӣԽ̵ɲġ
ԣܵľͳɭȻַߵ߲عصǲܡ
ǣҲû취￴ȣҲﲻò֮
ʱѾڹһˣʮ࣬ͷףȴҪӭһʮͷСԸ⣿
òٽƻ裬һһСҽź
ǳһˡ
ǣȴ˴ﲻüͷһ塣
أ
װϳ˴һЩƽƽһүĶûС
Ҳ̫¶˰ɣϷӭΪͷҲ񡱶
һֱêˣҲûӰӡﲻˣߴٴϵȥүϽ´
ϵɫһ壬һʱʹ߹ˣʲô취
ڸ
һ˷ܵذˤϣ
ǮǮ
ֱ˷ţۡôѰѶ㣿
ͬĲ٫һƱ˦ǰͲˣսȦĳһûر
ðɣܹѾˡ



720 ð̶
ûһĻǵɣһ죬ȴǶҪսȦ
үһٴˣѾطˣ
ţط𣿡٫һô죡
Ȼذ齫һƣˣˣ֮ǵȵķˡ
֮Ҳ齫һƣǺܺ֡˭
˷Ц֮㲻֪˭״ȴһ֪ģТȣ
ŶȻȻ򣬵ʱ˾ԭĶӣͷ滹С
ں̫֪ܲǷڵµĴγǾ쵱ţˡ
Ϊ׼ǡʿǸˡ
׼Ͳ˵ˣǸһȥսʿ
ʱȶɵȥ룬ǲҲǴԽģһ벻ߡ
;͸˵ˣһӾǶ鳼ıǿΡң̫۳Ҫ׵ľ·֮ʱʹ˵ĵһǹ
λôţأ
ǺǣТȱλ͡
һλȨࡪνļ
зͶûжεҲп׼ͷĴţ
˵Ҫûûȷͳ򡢷Ѿվˣǵһ̫óһ˿ѷˡ
ڼݱگ
ʺ̫ӣȨϾ¡
ִνƫȥȨ֡
˵ʲôҲɣȨ֡һ֪ȨûȨж
λɣ顰ȨϾ¡̫ϳǵʱν۶ӣĴڡֻһʮ¶͵ˣʱ̫ѡ
ԣһֱսν̨ջʤ
˵Ҫֻǽİ
ϧе磬ԪԪ겡ţѾʮˣȵûлķˡ
Ȼ䣬ڡ
γδλ࣬жǴδǡǰ꣬ո׭Ի֮Ϊ硱
ȵ治֪ԭ֪ݾ֮ӣʱ¡
ˣˣ
ߣ´һλ֮
٫˷˳˲գתȣȴοﻹڡ򡱵ˤ齫ơ
ʱһŶ룬ôأˣˣطˣ
οѩͳˣĿϾʹ˰֣һѡ
ûжˣɴǿȥһɨƾֽҡ
ѩߣ˵㶼ôˣҲ浽һȥ
ߣȥĴ󴬣ڲ⣡
ѽ
ѩҲе㲻˼⼸齫ˣʱֱ٣˷½֮ȤĴϣǾ͸еûţ齫
ðɣ˵γˣںҲǼΪħԵһ֡
ںݳʲôĴ󴬡

ѩ忨סˣ˵
һУṳ̂ϼװ壬ֻǰһտֻͷһߡ
⡭
ʲô
ѩֻںһƬ֮üľ޴󺣴գµĽֱС塣
˵Ĵ󺣴ѩɫ죬һȡ
£ֻקˡ
ĳϴһۣ

ͷֵ˰죬ò׼װ֪Ǹʲôǳˡ
˿ûôţͼһһܡ
ﲻ΢΢üɺͳ
ۿ˴͸Լ࿴һ۶ǷĵôЩ֮ˣ
ʱϵҲˡвԭﻹӭȥ
Ϊ׵Ĺ˲ܾݣﻹʶģھΪʱ˼ǻ׹ǹѫ֮ȴûл̸
εлˡ
ǰһ񣬡֪ܹˡ
٫æһƣ֪񣬵ҵ֪ݾúˡ
Բ٫ӡ󵹲ǫѷãǽŴҳ
˿֮¡
£٫Ҳ߶Ϊһһ
˵ýܣǻʳӵ£˴ʦѲ
ȻûʳӰΪʦ¶ּᵽˡ
Ų꣬ƨ²ţҲʱ٫ת裬λ֪֮
㸸ʳλĺء
䱾Ǹģ˼ǣ´û
ϧ֪ЩδѵһСԴĸyi
Ǿ˸٫٫𣿡
٫ʱεظЦǡ
Ǿʦȵඣ

ˣ⵹ùӣİɣ
ΪΣֻ֪øɿתƻ
£

ص٫ˡ
¡һָϴ󴬵Ӱ
Ǿ£
ǰһڣûס
ɷҲ


721 Ĳĺ
Ҳ밡治ǹġ
ǣѩǿӲק˴󴬣λֻ֪ǶԲȷһˡ
ѩ壬̸ͲѿȻǨ½־ڹȻƬ󺣡
װźҲװʱѵõ̽
ϵ޽֮ϣԶ濴ѩ𺳡
⡭ʲô
֣⴬һĺ̫һ
ٴЩķͺʹͳĸͬ
ǡ
ðɣסˣΪҲ˵ʲô
Ǹһָɡ
ⷫѩһɻ󡣡У⴬ҲȸҪխһЩɣ
ѩǶеˣֻһ۾Ϳ⴬͸̫಻ͬ˵ǸĸȴЩǣǿˡ
ǴˮԿȿԺܿһʮɳĴɿΪʡľ޽ʮɳ̣ɴʮɡ
ĺôԣԽխԽٺУҲԽײٿء
󴬺󺣵ľͷٺͲٿȻҪǵ⡣
ǣխҲխĻ
ǼףԽխԽƽ⡣Ϊƽ£ҲΪ˸ˣҪԽѹʯҲζųˮԽˮԽҪķԽ
ôĴôĳˮҪ˫桢Φĺܱ֤ᷫ١
Ҳ˵װ֮Ҫ߸ͬߴΦˣܰխֳ
ǣ⡭
ѩֵҲϦװϵһĿȻҴֻһ˸Φˡ˵ΦСΦ˵ǲ٣ԶﲻᷫΦҪ
ֵǣΦϾûкΦĶҷ
⴬Ǹⷫ

֮ɿЦ
Ҳϧ벻õĴˡ
ҲŪôĲ񡱰ֻӲ治֪Щʲô˴άǸ״ô찡
⣬ΪԶ󣬺ݴϴʾ֭ܵظġ
ȿѾǳˮƽˡ

˲óԶ󣬰̫˵ʵʱŴ½ܵĽﵽϷǣԽ˼ϼͰ
ԣ˵촬ҲʺԶ
ǴʺϺĸҲˮϸʡءߴȹ̣ڲٿأҲΪڸߴ󣬿˵ʮֳڡ
ǷõĶǹӲʽӲŵǲ˼٣ʱҲǳ١رʺϽͽóףֽʡ˹
ǣȱҲԶ׼ġ
һ֧ŵֻһԷޣʹľʹǼҲԷ磬˺ٺʱЧʵ£ʺԶó׺̽
ڶӲֻһܸڶܽʯʹԽȺܲ
˵ˣӲΪͽôƵġ
ǣҪѴĶ޴½мһ̫ƽ󣬾һܱȵġǹȥΣϵԲ͡
ٶҺעȺʹ򴬹̫ѪɽӣѾʮֵĲˡ
ⷫһЦлᣬɽֵԼʶʶ
ѩ֮һôʲô
һָԱߵһСǵרʵġ
СһȦɽ־ˡ
ðɣҲȫȵĹ͡ǷҲһӣʲôҪôǴǵĹ͡
߰ɣ߰ɣûѩǷô¶ͷϻһ˵ء
ѩе㲻ߣס֮ϡ
˵ˣջ
һһȲͷߡ滹һĺ˵ȥء

ǣӴȴ㶵Σôأ
ˣ
Ǹŵľͷ˭
ղŲ٫һ˵ϴ󴬵ľˣûô۸˵ģٺõҲɫ
٫һ֪ɫԣҲ֪ɽӺеˣæԲ
۳ϲȴ̲סҪϴȿһˡҵȻȥŹ䡣Լ߻ȥǡ
ٵˣٵһᣬɱ˵Ķˡ
Ҳȷʵ˼ޣܹ˸̨ףҲûв֮һ˦䣬ŻӺ͹үͲȣֱˡ
˻㣬ɻû޺޲ƽ֮£иʹ˲ͷɫ
ͷ⣬˸῿˹֪кηԸ
ͨһͬ磬ӷ磡
ۣ
ͷûסЦ
⡭𣿡
кβɣ߷ߵ˵ĥҲɱһɱƷӵˣ
ͷҲֵĶӶˣȴǲЦ
ֻ²ۣλ֪ݴ˵ǹİͨУƷӹҪԿͷˡ



722 
ͷԸ̣֪Ǹˣôһ⣬ͨȥƷӡ
̲סҡͷ͵Ц˵ĻӾǶ࣬ó
һǸ˼伫ƷͨСͷ̲סһ飬ֿˡ
֪ݺཻͨĪ棬ͨ˵֪ίضҪΪͷֻһ
ʵϣ֪ݺͨеĹϵ
ϵ˾ͲûŶԷĺˡ
ðɣʵϵʵǣſڶһͷһͷ޲ñͨеĺ
ͨоһ˼伫Ʒ
ŻһƷһ˲˲
һ࣬ټǸƢҲ˷
˼Ϊǿƣһǰյκͨеĵһ죬͸˸֪˸Ӳաǣ֪ݻû
ٺϵ֪ݣµСʶλͨеԸ¶һ㶼УҲУǵǰ¡
һ꣬ź¡Ҫ֡Ҳ˹ˣĶɼ׿Ȼ֪ݾë
ǣҲûô¶İͶһ˵ģ˶ȥ
ԣͨںݵԵǲ˼㡣ǹҪº˵һ䶼ӷͷ
ܽ˵λƢڲźáѧʴԵ
£жûϵҲûķݶ
ڡ
磬ͨǿ϶ߵģ翪Բ֪ݵһƬġ


ȵȻ֪һƷ
ͷĹ˰죬һʲ֪˶ˣͰˡ
صһѩ壬㣬ؿɺãȶȥɣ
ѩҲе˼ִٵشź󾱣һʱ۴Уˡ
ˡ
ҲǷ޷Ȼس˴
ã٫ҲǹģӮ㼸СǮû£ֻúѩһ·߻˹䡣
յס˵֪ݴŸõѾˣԱסҲѾ׵
ûҲܹˣ׿æذŪϴ¡˵ݸһнӷ롣
һ˼ģʽһ棬ҲԲãҲĲ͸ĳһǲȥġǣǸ֪ݸղž͵ˣҪǲȥͰ˵ˡһĥˣȥһ˰ɡ
絹һֻȡ٫˷ᡣСΪҲϯ̫СȲôһȥûȥ
صڸ֮ڣù䣬õʹѾһ·ָȵ˴á
ȻκݣǸȻǵһĸǣݸûСȿ⸮ҪԴһЩɳ̶ȣǾûͿ⸮ˡ
֮ռȷʵСһӦʩȫרʹ١
ȵ֮ʱ뱸ʹŮ輧Ҳ٣лиˡ
ֻȵ֮󣬵˰죬ȴû
٫˷᲻ɿЦ֮󣬿۶ȴǲһûתҪ
ԴˣȻûʲôΪǽϹһע⡣Ҳϲ֣ǣǷǡ

ؿ⸱֣ĵ˭û¶еģ¹ˣ
ϤȵĶ֪ƪС𡱡
꣬Ϊģǵ÷ͲľԱûȱƵͲûСӳѧˣһ
ͷ٫ƲһǰժˣҾͳԲ·
Ŷ²ϲ־ҪժˣҪǵ²ϲ⸮ãǲϷҲòˣ
Ȳ٫˵ȴǺԴ

ҲǺзִˣֻȵһ̶ӣԱƽҲͲüӣˡ
ֻǣһǶڣһʱûס˻ȥ
٫һݲԣæǰԲ
Ǿãݵһͺ֪ݸе㲻̫á
ȻƶλСһʱҲͷˣ֮ǰĺøк;תϰɣ
ϧȴôˡʱְѻͷǣ˻
²ϲ֣
죬Ҳû²ֻۣίǼãֻ
ڱǾģȴһЩ˲졣
ŶһüëζЦǱͨױ֮֮ġڴ˴ùʹʳ֮ʱ̧ȥء
˲ϲֵˡ
һüҩζеذ
׻˵һٶûġһû
һΣˣΣ͹˰ɣ
ͲǺƢдȣһ˵һĵҩ˵˭أ
һɻֱϴڣ˵ãҵ¶֪ݿñӡ
ضŶһ֮˵עȥ
Ҫﲻã
룡
ȲԾһ
ζе



723 ǲɵ
ȵĵһоǣ⺣еа԰лӶŹٷϸˣ
ˣʵô
ζе󣬶ǿζеһҪݵݶϣҲǲס
һĹѾɰˣǰɴǺģżۣմźһ۽Ƕ֪˽¹β֡
Ϊ°ڻմһȦףж
ңûһ˳ġ
ðɣеţӦûм˳ġ
ֻͦûϴˣˡ
ǵһо
ڵڶоȲɵ˫Ŀ΢СΪⲻһٵؤһؤĹ١
һ۾ܿ˲ǡ
Ҫﲻã
䣬ѾС
Ҳޱϲسһ񣬡֪ݡ
ǻϯĸùԱһ񣬡λͬš
գҲ٣ֱϯΨһĿλ£̧ۿȡ
ﲻãͽ̡
е£٫˷Ҳе¡
˭˵˶űҲû˵ǹٷ裬ֻòһ롣ǣ缸أҲװûɣ
˵ͽ̣ôͽ̣
ܸܲΪ£ӵ÷ʦ׷ɽܰɣ
λǡ
ϧʴˣǽλÿֵģǻǫ̂
ǸݹҲûʧ
¹ʯҳݣֻǣʯһʡһָǽϵġﲻã
һۣûôǹҩƵģ
ﲻǰɣȻʢ
ʯǰɣ
һǰɣ
Ҿ͡
Ҫ쭣ͻȻһͣоﲻԡ
ʯ
ү
ץأǽڷףǰݹ٣м⣬


ʢзͣҲŷޡĸ绪հɡӹ̣ȽȽ˾⣬ôٵ๫ʯأ
ڲ⣬ʯķʽҲ⡣
һʷīĶķҲһڷ֮ϵʷرʡ
ʵϣҪĸҪǿΣҪڴνƣʯһƲ
ԣ׼
ֻҲûãˣҪδ֮
˵ﻰɺʯԶҪн
Ϊһûаȥ˵ˡ
飬ʯһֵþˣҲһмֵĺù٣ȲӦų⡣
ҪĸǿΣʯ䷨ľˣҲҪͼǿͬҲӦų⡣
ǣϤʷ˶֪λ๫̫ǿƣҲ̫š
仰˵Ͼã̺̫ߡ
ң䷨һףѾʷ֤ʧܵġ
ԼúúõģʯҪǲԼ治һùʱҪǳ䷨ǰݣǿɾˡ

ӺƣӺƣ
ܹ˿ȸ˻ƵǶֻỽ
ȻعɨһЦ
˵ɶˣ
֮΢΢ͷǿ̵⡣鸦Ͷˡ
ȴǺ޵С۶˾ûһöҪ䣬ʯǼƷץǾ仰ˡӽͿʼʣҲûŰ֡
֪֮һãʯǸ֮ͨˣջ𡣡
ԭ⣬ȴá
𣬰ʯԴΪ䣬кβף
˷ᶼȥˣŭǺ
ĳҾ;ףľڸѧӣʣ֪ǿǺŬҪ
ȷʵǾ֮ģǹڸкãûͯӽѧǲף
Ǿǡ٫æӻ
˹Ϊƽʱççײײʵеô
¾˼λͨȴǷӦˡ

ԲѣʯûǾôŪȥ
ѧӲ֪Ǽ֪񣡡
Ϊѧ̤֮;̵ʡΪ٣Ϊù٣ȴѧӺ˼
ĹǾʾѧӣ䰵֮⡣ʯΪÿһλڴʳĹףҪŰյѪȴΪ֮֮𣡡
ãһͨͼڡ
ǳǾ仰ȥģиùǲ٫˷ԷģҲһˡ
һ죬˵֪鸦ˣǴ˭˭ʱΣҲҵġ
ʱϯϾûһɫõġž鸦һߵģʬλز͵
Ψȣ۾ʯ
治˵ʯеĿɰˡ

ָ棬̧ͷ۲۰
ţʯһ㶣ʲô۲ۣ
ҪʳڣȾûڵĻᡣ
ֻһƷӣҾʹû˶Ʒӡ
Ҳֻһ鸦ȴϣ˶鸦

˵ǲɵ


724 ʯװ
ǲɵ
ۣ
ۣ
ۡ
еʱһƬһԲϾͷڣһ㶼
٫Цſ˷ᣬ˼ǣֳⷹԲͣˡ
Ѿʼˡ
˵ˣƲȣΪ˵ǹḯϽĲ졣鸦ǳһֶȤζû̫Ķ⡣
˳ܡ죬Ҳһ鸦Ļʲôֻ˵İСһĶˡ
ǣĳ룬ӱȴ˵еĻ꣬һԲϾͿɾе޷ʰˣǴȥʹĻ鸦Ǳ˵ԼҲҪɳ

죡
ֱӰ˻ȥǶʯš
˵ǲɵ
ʯһظһ飬ɫƽʱҲٷڣ˵ˡ١Чһġ
ǣҲû˵ôֱװ
ôɵ
ȸͲĻᡣ
ǿˣٶˣӦð˼ʯжҵȫˡ
棬㲻Ҫ˶鸦һѽһ֣Ҳ˼ʲôģǬ͵һʲôġ
顢¹ʣԵΨȻáǱˣҲʵһ֡ԴȨ¶˼ڣҵʦʧܻĽѵ
˵ͣһ£ϿϵؿʯҲڵʯҲֻʮ꣬ȴӶ٣Ȳ˵һЩﻰĳ嶯
鸦㲻Ƿˡ
һ죬Ҳ¡ϣʱߣ˭⡶صİҲ˭ƪ˭ǹѵʥˣ
Ծڴˣ㣡
˵䣬ûµ飬ȥֻһޱıӰ

һ˶ʱɵˣ˵ﻰû˵ʲô
ôʼһӾϡ̬˵˵ţͳˣ
ʯ
ðɣ
˹ˣ
һʮСһٽ𣿶ңƫƫмһ仰ûϡǿ޵УһԲϾ͸˿ñӵĴܹί
ƫƫ⻹ꡣ
зʱЩȴ˵Ŀȥˡ˵乫ˡ
鸦ʵ䣬ʶ֮
ʯûӣ侮ʯļһ
۾һ԰ʯ
ү
ʱ飡ȫҶ飡


ٷˣǿ˲٫˷ᣬúõһӷ룬ȴ֪ݺͨеڴսŷƳķ
ᣬһȣװܣ鸦ˡ͵ʧףݴø


ڶһ磬ʡ
ȸͱ֪ѩѾˡ𣬴Ӧѩȥһʽ
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ЩǸı䲻˵ģúɧһĴӦý

һʲô˾ѧѧʯ־ˡ
˾ʵ˭ʯѧˣ
ðɣϴ󣬵϶˭ȥһ֪˾ʲô룬ûֱӣǸˡ
ɡԴʯ̫ͣ治˾⡣
Ϊ
˵һ
ʯ˵ˣؿȡ
ʵȴӼһ濪ʼ֪ΪΣͺԼʯȻв⣬ȴһֱҲû̫ϣڶֱһˣе̲ˡ
ʯ
ûУȼæϣ̸
ʯ֮ͷҲõ²ˡ
Ͼʯǳ͢Ĺ٣ֲ񡣡
ۡ
ô˵һɣ㻹仰ĳ˵ˡ
̾һ
̧ͷ˵ʵҲ㡣ǣҼɵ㣡
ţ
ȳȻһִֵ̫ˣڹٳǻ첻ȥġ
ҡ
ǣһִֵ̫һڹٳȥƻҲǳ޷ġ
ʯüͷһ壬˵ң
Ϊ˵˭
ǣòӦƻһ𣿡
Ӧãǽ鸦еƻ

˳Ĭһգգضʯʯ˼ȵνӦá
ãʯҡͷӻɵᶨ
֪µ˼ǣˡѴ
֧УԼǶԣǼǷǣҪǿͲհǰ˺󡣰ʯԴ̤ٳһ֪ҲԲתЩʬλز͵кηֱ𣿡
Ȳ˵ֻǿԼʯûһ˿ҡ
ǣԣƻʲôǾðʯһư֮аɣ
ǣ

еԴۣһû˵ͷ¿еգǣôҲԴˮͷ¿˵ЩʲôҪǻתҲͲʯˡ
Լܡ


ӣҲƽ
ʯˣ̤ͨȨ۷̡
ǰȴСҲٲЩ֮¡ֻףԸͷ¿ǰƽ
ʵ鷳ܼ򵥡ȵı£ϼֶܼܿգһӶܸȳοһûʯһţ׼ڳйɣûͷŵҲ
ǣûôɡ鸦ôҲǸӢۣӦñûߣҲʮ֮ûһ֧йٽƵʱ
ʯһߣﵹҲûݡͷҲʶȤ֪أҲȥùͷ
ʵ֮Ҳίڰ㣬㻹ʶ̧٣в

֮ǰò٫һ˾ǣִӺһȥһТʦһǷָиѫԱʯҲһݡ
һǺʣöȣϡ֮͵ȥġ
ò٫˾仰
ТϣίԼ
Ҳò٫˾仰Σʲôǿ
ȵ˳ԲǸ̨
٫ԹһˡС
еݵĵ죬ҲǴʮĻƻ裬һҴµĺͣ˺ݸۡ
ȴϵڸۿڶһȺ˾ͼر˴
๫ع

ʵ֮ǰ״Ͳ̫áǣʱƳݵذٷϴˣĻ˵Լ
һĹ⾰ͷǶһ·֮صľҪҪı£Ҫѵ˰˵ĺɴ䷱ߣ붬֮ͷͳŲסˣǲ
֪ǼҽϣԲתÿ¡ֻּ⣬ؾ
ǣٴƻ֮ǰִϢ˵๫ͦˡ
û취ֻͷһˣֱӵӦ
ʱȼϴȥֱС
ͷ
ɲ



730 
ùӣɣ
һһΣƺǰɣ
ѻ죡

һȦľӨ˻ȥ
ͷ˼ˡ˵첻
ʱȷʵ̫ãɫҰ׵ڴϣֻһ䣬ʹͷֱ¡ǣˣȾͰĲ١ﴫϢ˵ⶼزȥˣΪ˵ûء
ͷû¶ɣ
һۣᣬҲһŻ
æӦšǰһСĵذͷ
ʱҲڽУžͺ
䣬û°ɣɲ
ۣ
ûѪôһġ
۾һϷʵúܣˣ
Ʋ죬ʲôܣʵɲߡ
֪ͷж飬ȫѹȵĸ첲ϣȻס
ҭһ䣬ҲʵˣԱ粵ֻòԸ
ѥ
ԸʹŮȴǺȻضˡڴ߶Լ壬ճָͷѥڽϡ
ȶˣͦãʵɸѾͷأôϷ򣿡
һ߸ѥӣһߵɣ죬Ҷצˣë
Ҫûá
ͷǱˣϷȫ
Ǳ߶۾ֱˣûɣӣСС
ôԡʱ
ⴺ䣬ûԽԽţ˰
˭ǿ˾Ҳܵ𣡣
֪һһٵĸ飬ǿʵʵĥġųǼεġݡȵ׶ʹһ㲻֡

ȸͷЬҲ㷴Ӧв۽ͷ̧´
һ֣յխٰˤš
ܸۣȥɡ
֮۾һӦõģ
˵ţܲذȣ˳ȥ
ҲǷⴺֵˡ
һʱ㶣ȴǵס˲š
𿪣Ǻûغһۡ
ҪͷȷǺɡ

ȱо󱳵ͷһûУſſź󱳣̬ͦһˣȴûȫ֡
һᣬ𱸵죺ʮͷҲ֪ϧԼ
֪˼ްͺá
ţͱؾˡȫϣҲָϣŰɣ
ߣǶӱгϢ
ȲطһУ
Ҳ磬ֱ´


ص䣬п֮󣬾ͷСЪһЩһҹ
Ⱥǵ棬һȾӭȥ
ô޴󰭣
ֻ˵֣鷳
һʱˣͨҽ˵Ĳ¼˭֪ųơﲻᡯ
һͲˡ
˵ҽ˵鷳ҽ鷳ҽˣ

ûƢˣƷߵˣûһġ
ͣһᣡȺһۡͷġ
Ҳǽ֪ԭͷϵһ㣬ͬ꣬׼ңŮ޸ĳӡ
ʱΣֻǸ鷳Ĳ
ʲô
͵ʦһ
Ŷһ죬ʱİ١
๫ʦ³صöࡣ

н͵๫ȴǼ֢๫֮ǰĲа壬֮࣬ȴ鷳ܶࡣ
ˣҲ˵ʦǸηǲеġ
ңÿͷڰ
˵ﻰ䨵Ǹʹ磬࣬ǸƤݾƵķֻαɰڡҪб´ʦҲ;Ȳˡǣ˱֢Ϊ˿ܡ
ڵĻͷ˵ΣǾӦûдˡ

ʲô֮ʱĹ岡Щھöˣ⡣
ν࣬ʵ򲡺͸Ѫѹ
ںֲȻǣûдôġ
ʱʿĴ̫ˡĲ˵ʳϾԵĸ֬ߵס߾ƾ˵ˣǴԶˡ
ȷ֣ڴΣʮ͵ʿ򣬵򲡣ʣµļȫǡȺ
ȻˣҲ١һɫﲻʮ˸檶˼š

ͷȵݻ
๫ҪΣĹȴҪöࡣ
ɵû¶Ͼΰɣȱʲô˵ǡ
Улһת
ĵطǴˣ͵ů͵ĵطŰɣ



731 Դת
˵򵥣ҲǼһҽû취Ҳͷ˿ֵشƱᡣ
ͷںݾסˣȻŮߣڣҲǰο
ңԴ֮󣬻ɸĵѾͷţȻ¶


ȵΪĹϵֻ˵һ㣬û̫ĻգƽгԪڡ
ڼ䣬ݣһοһȰȱִ֡
帮һ׮Ѿ˰ˣٲʵ˵ȥ
ǣǸ̨ף¡ʼƺӵôģʡ
ļ֣ȴֵ֪ıҪʦ岩˵ͣȰƱϽȥˡ

һ죬ȡѩ塢οһ
ɫѿѩ塣
ˣ
ѩȻһЦˡ
ҡͷʵϣȥٲӦȥ
ѩ˵Ķԣңʱ㻹˭
㹻ˡ
𣿡

Ȳ˵ˡѩȷʵǳѡ򺣻ȡ
Ͼ׺ˡδ֪Ĵ½ЩǱ֪ӦӦѩðա
ڵʲôѩ忪ڵӵĸ׼ҶѾһʧˡ
ɲ˵ȴͬġȷʵһʧˣ뵽׼ˡ
𿴴αȸײʱ˺ü꣬ڴεĴӱȸײĿҪȽöࡣ
ǴֻǺλǳԽײġںİѪ֢۴ζ£Ϊжѿȱάء
ȥԣҪӦһ¡
ʲô£
ȿѩ塣
һΪϣȫΪס½ʹһЩ֣ҵũＱֲãĶԲܡ
־ȫͼҲԺٻ棬쳯֮Բ
ֻҪǼֻҪȫȫβĻ
ѩûϾʹ𣬶ֱȣһһٵ
Բ
Уȵʱͼˡ붼롣
ֻҪǼԲ㿼ǵ顣
ѩЦˣôȷ½ôȷҪĶ

ӺƣѩĳԲ
ټңΪԲ𣿲Ҫӡÿһ˵Ĺ𣿡
˵ѩվ
ϣһ죬Ŀʱѩ֣
ѩԲȡǣһҺ󺣣֤졢졢Բ
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Ĳʱ򰡣
Щûȥ˵ܸܲѩ壬ǴԽģ֪˴ΣкܶǿĴڣðȻ룬ֲô
ܲ˵ŷ޶һŽˣǸϵ۹ʥǣŷǷػսҪʼûʮպ;ԵȥҲûʲôôɣ
㿴
ȴοíˣԲ
ú˵ʲô
ʲôԲԺеǻᣬȥͲȥȥͲȥ
һ߰ȣһ߾ѩʹɫ
죡
˵ãһ˵ȵ˻
ָʲôң
οһ漴ڨЦ
ңɽֿԳȥҲԳȥ𣡡
ο֮ΪҲҪ洬
Ҫ֪ƴ
ģο֡Һҵкˣԡ
кˣȵ۾е㲻š״Ԫǹߺӵӣôο
ġοˣӻͳһţԵļ顣
һߵݸȣһĵҸ˵ȥͻˡ㿴
ùһǡ
˼ҳ飬ᵽˡ
֮룬˼޹֮ҲȻ־ɱοֻ񣬺ƾ㣬Ϊ֮
ζ飬ҫ鹡

ɵˣ״Ԫ԰
ο㶣æذ
Ǿô˰
˵ţѩߣͲȱ粵Ļᡣ
ǻȥ׼ˡ

ѩ廹е㲻⣬οϾ
·ΪӺ
οбһѩ塰˵Сô۾ôʵأ
ȥɣˣ˵ˣͷ
ǡ
οأܣ

ѩе£һʱû
ʱοֵȳȥ˵ʱǻغǻ£ס𣿡

ѩˣԼԴתˡ



732 ½֪֮
ں޵ľȻ򣬿Ĵڹȴûôƽ
˵ûбôƽ

Ҫʲô𷣣ôǳ׺ˡ
˵Щ˵塢ǣĹԱǴʱðҲҡ
ǣ˶һɽĽǣټҺҪд
򣬻ǳ˾
֮󣬸ؿʼ˰׵˰Ҳڻܣ𲽱ʦ
˶ɵذ˰븮⣬ǰʱ򣬳͢ȴһֽگ
ݸ·衢˰Կûȯֽũ̼˰ߣɻ̡ƽ׻ȯ˰
ֽϿûʲôʹǳҲãһķ֮١
ڣȯռ֮㣬νǰͷĹ˴Ǯĵ⡣ȯ˰öپǶ٣˶̰У
ǰ˰뾩ʱ˶ɵˡ
˰뾩ʼ½½Ҫڵ꿪
ʱȱǮʮ֮ߵ˰Ǯ͢Ҳʳ˰
֪ôӴȫ˰յҪôߵܵ־ö·ʧ
ǣꡭ
죡
ȫʮݸ˰⣬ֻ졣
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㡭
˰ȯֱӵ̻ȡƾ֤Ȼһֽڻһһͽˡõ·ˣΪǳרƱȥˣû˾ᣬҲǮ

ȻǺ¶ǷĳЩϣȴǵͷȡ
ټҺƷһøϸ
ĹؼǴεǮӭж⣬Ҳ˰սɸΪؼǻȻ
ʱ˲ע⵽жӴ󣬶Ӵ𵽵ʲô
ΣǮͨ¡εǮˣټϹεĻҲˡǮͻˣεҲͻˡ
̻һУһеˣλʵۡ
˿ʼģһλĻʵۻ᲻Ὺʼ˼磬᲻ῪʼʲôᡱԽ


Ļ̻̣ķѾˣ˵ټҪ֮־Ҫ䷨
٫һ˿⣬Ȼʲô
ԴˣҲе㵰ۣӦʱ𾯾˵ˣֽҳ̫磬ԭĽࡣ
ҡѵϴӾǳ嶯ˣһ
ʵȥ£Բģûжʧ
٫ڨЦѵãƷҲϴ
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ȵͷ٫Ƶشӻͳᡣ
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һ֪ʥּӹ򿪣ȴ΢΢ü
ҲŵģôǸС
ٿڶᣬߣôΪӹɣ͸ɽһУ𣿡
٫غһۣѾƸˣжˣһƷ㻹
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ּֽ⣬ѩѰǡ쳯£ʦƷȨСοžͺõöˣô˵ҲǽʿֱӾǴƷ̫дȨС
٫֪Ϊѩ岻ƽʲô취γôԣʿ͸һȡ
ǹȰǻðɽȥһƴȾˡ
֮һǷѩ壬ĲŻвѡڣȥһ⣬ȴǲ֪Ҫһܻ꣬ת
ʱ٫ֵȱɽˣ˹ԼɡƤһָᡣء
У𣿡
ȵͷϸңԭοǾ棬һֽһ仰
£

ðɣһӣô¶
٫ûһĵӣȰھֱˣ㻹Ǳִ̫ˡ
ڣ̸ˮ棬½֪ؾɳڵĹټұ䷨ͬʱӵĵȴƷӡ
ˣϿĲҵ
Ҳ΢˽ϰıǰһģֻԸ»СϽȥ
ڣܶﻭƷôΣգҪҪһٴ
ˣҲüʥּֽˡȥȳлһ̬һʰ
Ҳ֪Ĺؼͷ˼Ƭ̣
ɽΪӹ֮˵ɣ



733 йµ
ν֮˵ΪѩοǵԶǺ̫ƽ
Ϊ˻ûʶ˳ζʲôѩοЩԱҲûʶʲô
ǣ֪֪Ǳǧһսɹΰһֵ̽ȥС


ڶһ磬޴ͷϣͷܶ
˴γгʮɵ콢ңʮɵĺʮң۹ʮңʮңܹһһ֮
ͷϣ⴬Աʹﵽһˣټеļ׾졢񴬹ݴͷˡ
ȵŲ٫˷ᡢѩ塢οнԱ֤ߵ棬͵سһ
ʱ䣬һķʯչ¶ǰ
ǣȸȡ
ǺҵӢۣ
ң

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ֳ׾졢Ҳľƽպʱҫ˵
ȻֱʣƷӵ¡Ϊֻһ㣬˲
ǱϣһബԱȥĹÿһ˵֣һƽ֡
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ʱĴ㶹ȡ֮ģĿ˺ѷεļ
ֻһ£˴ӵļ鱻ȼˡպˣ˵ȥԶȾȥЩ˶аֳɡ

һ鱮ѣڰУȴȸпؿųеˡ
˴ӲľֻǱѹֵ̫ס죬оߺȡΪīͿ顰ǡ
м˿öɧ飿˭ʵʵذһձǰأ
ͺűӪٷᱮݹ۹Ž񣬱׳ҵʿʤö٣ȺӪµľҲûСǣ˭Ϊͨһһ鱮һأ
ȲԳҲ̵ֻļһŸôɰɣ
ǣأ˭˭ҪԴٻһ㺺˵Ѫգܾһʿ֪Ҳֵˡ

ѩ忴űλġѩ塱֣һȣͬʱҲв
Ҫ𣿵ѩ֮ʱٱ١
ȼᶨУ
ֻҪǳȥܽΣǴһӦñǡ
ٸߺˣǸҳȥ̽
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һָʯ棬ſʯѹһߣһʯ̾ͣͷʯȻͬߡ
ݹϱ졣
ߣϵ0ȣ
Իߡ
Ǵٻصǻؼҵķ򣡡
һ죬ٴһ·ǰͷܻصͲǻؼҵķͬʱҲǴǰķ򣡡
ҲֻܲһϣһȺʿ̲סҪ㷢̲סҪЩ˵
ڡߡ
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Ǵ
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ʱۼȴͷһҵľۣ̲סƲ죬ǡ
ʲôЦƫͷλ׼ҡ
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ҡͷֹǰҲô룬٣˴Σ޲þרʿ١˲շ١
ڣ治áҲ̣ѾӰ˰ɡ
̼ǵ꣬裬ǰŹټٹ뿪Ǵʢ١һȴ岩ͬʱҲٹһ⣬⣿
ĵط裬֪Сж߷飬б£ġɿȺ˼档
˵ģֻһ鱮ʲôǿЩȴǲһˡܶΪһ鱮Ʒӡ
Ҳôһ鱮Ų
ЦĿȴǲᱮˡ
˵֮ɹϵ
һʱüͷһšϷͲԶ㣡
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ʲô
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˾񣬡ԶĲ˵˵Ǽ¡Ҳ˵ˣһĴ治졣ǣ֮йɣ˽Ϊô£
ѧ˭ԣ˽̴֮ǳ͢ף
һ̾û֮ô򵥡
ô򵥣
ô˵ɡֻõĹĹҪµҲĺҪأ

ﻹǲߣҲⴺЩ¶Ը˵
һۣҿ㰡ǱӺ忪ˣʧ˾֮¡
٣ƢϻԽ˵Խˡ
Ҫ֮һˣʧ˵У֮ä
ͱ磡һֻһҪǧ겻ɣ
Աģһһ˵ˣȺֹһĹˡ
ܶණôԣǣⲢûģ˵ʮֻһ¡
ʵϣƣθġͨһǧ﹦ҵ
ЩĲ˵ܶϸ΢֮Сı䣬ֻû֣ȴһ㶼ǰĴᡣ磬ڰͷ۱ʡ
⿴΢ĩȴǳ׸ıʦ̵Ĵͳʽ
˷ӹͷҴΡԭĿڴѧڵİ뽲̽ϣö棿
ٱ磬ƴ
εĶϴǰû˶仯ǣʮŬƴռ̶ȴѾ˰
Ҳ˵Ȼ֪飬ͨѧȴʵֻʶֻ֡һ㣬ǹǧ


ȿɲ֪ͷڰʵ֪϶Ҳ顣
Ṇ̀ʲô๫Ҳǣȡ֮֡
㡣ﵹãһ壬ӵʮ֮һûѧ
ʱѾ𺽣һ·򶫱Զ뺣ߡ
һٶҺӺа˵ǴΣϱҲûۼѽ
ƺƵһƬ׽޲öβӡֻ侳ܸܵǶô𺳡ô׳ۡ

һգ޷ˡ
ڶһ磬ȸϵװϣͲһ
ţʲô
ֻ࣬һӳڳ֮С
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ǰָǴƬһĵ򶫱Ϳɵˡ
ǵĺһ㶼
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ôôأ
˰죬͵ĵԲ۾ˡ
ͣͣ
ͣҪǵ
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򺣸ȰǾǸ˻ĵˮԴҲפ񡣳ʯͷʲôûС
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ȸͲͣԵطҪϵɡ
ǡﰧ߶ǳ̲ǵĴ󴬸˰
⡭ȳƬ̡С
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ã辢ˡ
֪˭Ҳסˣ֮£ֻôêųСȣʮԱСȥ
ѩ塢ο٫һ֮Ҳ֪Ҫʲôº棬һϵ
˾ţ̤֮ϹµȻԣ⵺ϳһ߲ߵʯɽ
ȴ죬˷쳣
ǺúÿһȦĵȻһľ
͵ȡģҿʯһ鱮
ѩһۣ񫰡
ο˽ȣȥ㵽Ҫɶ
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735 һƨ
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736 ٫Ұ
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ϣûˣȴԼֵܶˡ
𳳣ܲŭһڲ˵ʱ򣡡
˵ţҲЩ꣬ʵһۣȷʵе֡
ڶκҲҪǶͣ
ɣסˣ˭

κʲôʵ̲סʳ
ĶģһƱ
ʲô
Ӻƣú
ǸʵʱһСֻҪǸ쵰˵ǰ棬ʲôԸ⣡
ʮܡڳƳκɾҪˡ
һݣڳȷ˵˵ϡ
ҪǶκλͱ·ΰڽɽƷӣҪһŷָ¡
ǣλͬҲʲô֮͵Ӵˡ
ҪǸǸɣں
ǸԼˣǻ˸˲ٳ֣ǼҵĶ
ԣֵʱ͡ʲôȲȵģԼģ
һ²۲ǻҪ
ϻعϼҪ˼ҲǺʹľ͸ˡ
ҲýǸһЩܲͷ˼
ʵǸȥκ̸Ҳһô̲
ǻʲôڳô˰ɣ
ôˣܲİ壬ʼգûʹʵһ䡣


ûܰѶԼκƽĴһҪô׾ͽй
Ϸϲɣɹ绹ļ˰
ʱκǰǡȳ๫
Ϲĸֻ̾ǼСٱҲ֪ǵӣǲ׽ġ
ǣ˾ٲܲõǸһźš
ҪǴԼŵġ
κԣЦ
Ǽݰֻʧ˾ģȴ֪ɹ۲ţȴǱǿϰٱǧ
Ϲˡ
ػ
κȻ֡ɹϷǰαǫ飿
ģǸʲôϷɹԸѡ
񲡭
Ӻƣ
޺޵߶֣Թ⣬ɱ֡



745 
κͺϷ飬ǼֵܹȻְѶ˼ϼָûôʧȻǷĳ
ֻҲȫ˳ġ
ϼı٣κͺЩǣȻԸԱ֮κһ֮ǣرȴκһʱⲻˡ
Ҫ̫࣬ǣ̫١
ֲֻҪסһҵ𴫳УʲôȨ־һŲҪ
Ҫ
ֻάеĵλֻ̬ΣܱסǼֵܵˡ
˲ǣֲһ㣺
ӺƣҪκҲҪӺơ
ҪҲ̫ˣһָһֻر֮ȻĻرҲζŸึ
ϼҪ٣ҲζҲ١
ǡ֮ǡ٣ôȴҪرˡ
ʲô˼ϼһߣκȻҪѺȶһ
ڳ꣬żȴһҲȻ޴ˡ
ȴô룬Ϲǣ֮Ҳ
Ŷ
ЦϼΪ˽ôܳʶͰеĵƽ
˵ͬ˵̽
׳һ˼ͬҲ׳һ
κ֮һȻϷ˼ֲ漴üͷһ塣ᵽҪʲô˼
⵹ס˺
һʱҲ޴ӵ֪ǼʲǷİɣ
κͷЩ
ɹΪ᲻һֿܣĲǶ֡Ϊʲô룬ȫĹٶݣԶҲ
κ˵ҲǻȻʣӻرǱ壡
ӭؾ壬ϾǹȴҪá
һıãռȵ
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˵Ϲζ۳룬ô˵ǻҪúһ룬ôñ˵ĶԼĶˡ

κͺʮ͸µ˼ֲͼ
Ҳֻǡˡ
ȷʵĵĲκȣĿġ
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ҪΪ˱֪֮й֮ϼֲŲҪֵɽ˦Զ˦Զ
Ǹӡ
˽ģǵˡ˽ȵģӦþǼֲ
ǾǸ֮ͽʹɱؾǵʱµƷӲôöԸġǣԴҲ벻Ƿӻһи׳нһ˰ˡ
ϼھͷסһң御ƷԶ㣬ԶҪ
ȻˣǷҪȴò
˵Ȼ
ᣬ̻ʳ֮ضûǸôһССΣ
ԣϼ־ãǹԹԵţ˭˭ϣǲˡ


ݺϿ
һʮϱխֻвʮ֮ʱĿԶվ϶˵ˮկߴԿҬţһߺԫߡ
һ˵ȣʱվˮկԶϷԼԼɼ󵺺£ǵǵĵ
뾰кá
ɨˮկľɫȷʵ
΢̣
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ɳ㣬Ÿȸг졣
Զɼ缦ӵįD񴬼ԣ͡
Ҳû˴ôնɣ
˷֮˷һۣ˳УСӻʲô
һָϿ԰Ĵ󵺡
һϵ¡Ҳ֮ξ֮أǶٳ͢пƿأǺ
˵˷ɫݳǣɾûĵطඡ
ȣҪˣҪȥʲôݸ
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Ȳ𣬿棬ˮȴǳ֮ڣʻ
ʵˡ
˷ֻʰ˼˳ȵĿ⿴ȥһ
Թԣϻôô
ǳǵĵͷҪ˵֮ɣ
ұֻȵСһţҪװˮƵнǧˡ
Աߵԣݺݵص˷һۡ
е¾ӣΪĪҪԣ
˷һӣʮˣǸĲ˴͵ë
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˵ţЦʧӧȥ



746 
Ӵ࣬˵ͨϻܣپǵӪǴˡ
֮ݣһȥꡣݵҲʵôû飬ȶ˻ôһˡ
£ҲȰˣ
ͷȳ˸⣬дټһ档
ԺҪ󵺣ٲҪ뺣ߵݶһûĳԹȥôˣʲô˵أ


ʱˮկҬ֮£Ȱһ谸
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С̿¯±ϴ衢עˮ
ɱ೴첻衣
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Ӻƽһ֣Ϸȴǿ̫
⡣Цͷһ㣬һǺġ
Ӻȴǳ˲ٰ
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𣿡һЦװġ
ۡ
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ڸ赱ĴΣϲʵڲ࣬߾ûֶеˡ
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ţ˵ͷû񡣡
ˮ

ͦȲˡ


ţʦŪıǸģ
Ҫ𣡣
УȡйᣬǴϷγ𣬻ȴһĽᡣ
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Ҳ˽Թɼ
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תǸκ¶Ҳȫұżˣ

ûصϣô


ڴϵȣϴʱ𺽣ۼұҲê
˷ȣǸ
Ҳ˵ǻǹ
˷۾һɣҪ𣡣
ҸոҲôʵġ
ô˵
У

˷ᣬߵߡ
̧ۿջ񣿡
УҺܴ󣡡
Ŷ⵹ǳԤϣôҲһ͸ʲôʵԵĺôɣ
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Ǳ·ɣ
ǣ
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ô
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747 ĥ
Уȷй֮ʲôܰѱ絽һⱾһ׳١
Լ˵ҪǻֻǮĻ
ѣ
Ұ졣
ҿʼˣǸﰡ
ԣ̲סֱ죬⻰ôôԿأҲŪ
Сѵӣ°ѱˣǲСб¡
٣ͷá㻹ҡһҵĵֻǱ壬Сү̧̧־
Լ˵ĵ⣬ȴûٹעĿԡԭϵһС˴ע⡣
ȻҲĿͶ˹ȥϻ̲ס죺練

ҲˣͬС
ʵҲвϴֻһҶ塣һϺӼţ֪ؾͿ˼ҴԱߡ
ʼãֻһС
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ǾԾˣ˵ųǻ⴬ûһö
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ʱ뺣ѾЩ룬˵С岻ӦóһͷƷĶ밶ôԶ
ǣôû뵽ǣģں档
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ˮײˣ
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ۼѾ٣߾ǻе£Ҳֻϡ
ȴİ뷫Ȼٶȿ϶Ǹϵġ

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ˣ
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˵ţ˹ΪԽһתֻ˸ɫ
ģûģ
ôˮǿɶ񣡡
ۡ
ˡ
ո밶֮ǰ²Ū͹Ƕһء
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һۣݵΰ˵ҿ˵̫ƽ
ǣ๫û˵꣬״Ϣ´
ŶȥӵĿĵؾ󵺣㲻´
˸ոյǳţͷҲе㷸𡣾Ȼ治´۰ϵĶ
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˵ģͷƽȵذһѽΣһλͷϡһŹٷĺһԣʮ׳ֳֵָҶվųò
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ᵽҲʲô¡
֪ݵųдԱҲȲ˰ɣ
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ȣԱȣ߻ʵԶôʹôʹ
ټҲԹҲ㣡
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һ࿴˼ۡ
Ӧûɣ˷᲻ȷ㿴ˮǽ´˼ƨɶ̧һ¡ͷ֪ĪУ
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748 С
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ѽʱ治϶Դ
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˵˵ţ־òζһȵľ

˵ģҲܼҵӿɶأŵ㣡
û¶õģһЦһ߰ο٫㲻ж𣿲ǻв𣿶ϲ𡣡

˵ŻˮУѾ밶ϵ꣬üչػˡ
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749 ɱһ
Ҳû뵽ϻһȺжݴ㶣ȴҲܿ췴Ӧ
ݱϾǵĵͷеúܣ¹˭
˶ѾӭȥͲǸҶ֡

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ܾգ۳嵽ǰۼ˵ĵѵȴ˿ϱãȻһƴıӣпͷƤ˹ȥ
ܾ첻⣬ǰһͣۡ


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в֪ʲôó˸͸˵ϡ漴ֱһײ˳ȥ
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ǡźӪĶҲ͵ˣҲܾж졣
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һ˫ӥĿź⣬ֱǰݶϣɱ
ɱŵһȣʱǹĺС
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ֻҪֵܲսƣ


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ң˵ֵش˿·ıؾڣó䷱١ԣ𿴱ݡҪƫƧ٣ɲ۸ӳ̶ȣǸ̶ȣǺ֮
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¡ʩΪѵֱͷԵ
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šüһĥ˵Ҳе
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ҲȺ׵ģ·ϹȻգδȽԣ򲻹Ҳܡ
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753 Ԯ
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ȳΧ٫кӺ;ڣ϶ʲôӡ
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˵ǳ¥ʵǸߵ¥ӡʧޣʱӡǽҲֻвһɵĺ
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һʮĺ̬ͯľȻôû¶һʬϿ˹ȥһŵѪ죬ȴȻ֪¡
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⻹֮һϰӳģֻСľ֡
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һǣȾ͸оһϢ·ԴԺԺϵЩøУЩ㽣ҲǵȻ޴档
һǵ͹ﰡ
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ߵʩ۰࣬ʹλ֣ʩۻǲţǺųƴεһӪı
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ЩѶ


754 Ǯ
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ΪϵĶϣĶɲõġ
Ķһ죬·ԶڿഫЩʱգݷԲ֮ڱؾԮļϸһ֮ھͿ϶ɱ
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ΪƨϽö
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գûһ˿ο԰
žʹʲɽ
ⶼʲô˰
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ͭһ˶ߣʵͭͭȿĳӻ죬ʶ졣
˵һССݳǣⶼС

һ죬ʩҲǿˣû裬ֻи裡
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ˮ˵̫ܱߺ˺Уʵս黹еģ½ִĿ
ǣӿڲܾУȴǲ̫ԶˣӪ±磬ָ
˵ĵ¥ǽԺʺϷأԺһǾǽһһֻҪԮ֯һ𵽣ܾ
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һЩںֺįDҲĵ˰ܴܲеõһЩʵݣ±һСҲǺõġ


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ʹ˿ڣܼũҵ͹ҵ˫ԣ⼸ʮҪΪãֻкôûл


755 Ұֻһ淽ʽ
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ԣɺе顱Ǳʡ
ڣԱ񣬺Լһ˽֮Ѽ֮죬Ͳǲˡ
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һ֮
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Դޱȵɽ쵽۰Ѻ屧ڻУɫϺС
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756 ҰҪ
塢Ұ϶С飬屧ں֮С
ΪʲôҪС˲öֻ֪һʱˡ
˽еһ𣬡ġ
δܳһʱ䣬ǵڶɽڶݣҪڴˣѾɴؿʼ滮ˡ
ںȵرٻΪ֮áһ˼⵺壬زһ˸֡
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һָ嶫澰ɫΪڡ
ڶ溣ӣδݳǾԴ˴Ϊģȵط䡣
٫ʵ̲סʵһǲ⣬α½һǣɽôһطǰǰ˶ľķ˶꣬ž߹ģ
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ָҪ̫ı彫Ϊһ塱شĵҰǾԵİȫɿ˭Ҳ˭Ҳˡ
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һҰȫ˭Ҳ֪ڵϸʲô

ǡ٫е㷢顣㵽Ҫ⵺ʲô
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֮ǰ˵ȶڰѺĿƼһֱʮֽ̬ȡԣһҪһȫڣſԷΪ֮
һ죬һЩŪ˳ȥĲǻĺ


ܹȰˣҲ˵ֱҲû½һʲôҪ
˷ʱȴѣҪŪ̿ǲС
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״뵽ϣţŰϺƵΪľ



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״ǸûʲôɽˣⱲӳԹóԵĶǿ⣬ȥĳݳǣǮ͵
״ҲһʵɵɽˣͻȻһԭү˶ϣֺôἰգ״м
ү˵ȫһڷԣȻֺ̫һжɻ̲ס￴
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ܹûʲôЩνĳԶ۹⣬Ҳ֪ȷҪЩɼưᵽҰΪʲô֪ôʺĵطľʲôرԡ
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758 ͺСڶ
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Ҫ֪ĿǵǮǣҪѸ˰ԼߣǾ͵ûԼǮˡ
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ڻɽں壬У˵ɾ͸ɣһүɣȫ˼ɳɱΪе
ôĹ̺ȳǮɵģʵͷǹټҳġΪĲ˹Գ͢ļ񣬲
ҪԼӶʣĲ˵ʲôҲûɽһ㣬˲
أټҹܲ⣬š๫ҲﲻǮңûбİ취
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ģҪǮԣĬò٫Ǳʶѡȣѡվһߡǣ٫ϣʱ侲ġ
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759 û
ûֱӸ߲ܾΪʲôԿǴΣǷһƲű߼ʵ⡣
֪űǰɶʮһˣμʮֻǳ±ƣȴʤԶԭ𣿡
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761 ʨӴ󿪿
˷Ҫȥޣ޲ɡȷʵҪһݣϤ˻ȥ
ʵ֪˷ἱŻȥһԭǸʡµĶµ¶һֱšȻҲã٫Ҳգû¶һ˭Ҳᡣǣ˷⼸һֱ񲻶ȻԼʮ⡣
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ȥ˵˵Ҽǿģżģ
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Ƿģ
ȿת䣬˵ЩΧߵʶ֮ʿת䣬ǻʱģһµʤ
Ϊֻ˲֪Ȧ͡лȦԺĻĹ𵽵ж
˵
ȿź̲æڰٵĽڡ
һ죬գϵἣԾӣǴ񡣳Ǩ๫ټٲⲱ֮ΪӡǺ̸֮֮ɫ֮𣿡
ٯǸҲܵõԼǴεһӣǳ𣿡
ǰǰѵҲǺһԴԪ껻ᷴѶ𣿡

һ⣬ʵòܹѾ˼ˡ
شˣǣҪ˵ʲô
Թû˿ǹ⣬쳯ϰ¹˴ûĵҵɹԼˡ
࣬ı죡
ܰѱģࣿ
ǲеˣ
ϾѾ꣬ἡٯἡԽ壬ԳһҲ͸ٹˡ
ƶػش
ʲôʱ򶼲
һλΰˣǧ֮ŰѸһҡǶοһǧĴΡ



764 ǿ
չһҪõӣƽıҲһҪ
ǣԽԣúų塣
ͳҲԭԵش뵽лĻȦ֮С
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ģϲ루Ժ衢硢׳ԽD𲽱ͬ򲻳¡
Щطһȹ뺺Ҳפûƿء
˼άȷʵ˺ĻĴС
ǣԹūٵͻʡɽɹšެ׳ڵἣЩνһֱвź滷źĻ֮·
ΪʲôΪʲôԭôȽôãȴǧҲııߡΪʲôȴԶҲվס
Ϊ̫߰
Ҫô纺ƣõ˵ҪôΣֻڡʵǴ۶ûЩ˵ˣмڰЩ˱ԼˣΪá
Ȼ滹һ͹ԭǾǣŴͨŽͨˮƽޣȨʵƿصܵزѾǺܲˡ
ǣʹɣҲı䲻˺ͳҶԱߵʵ
һ㣬Ȳͬ
ں֤˭֪ĸ壬ĸ壬ĸɹ壿
̫֮ΰˣΪ˼ҶִĵѴȦչ˴лĻȦʮһס
Ŷ೤ʱ䣿ʮѣɹΣ

ҪἣôҪ˫¡
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Ҫ˿⣬бͷǲųתԭеĹĽԭĻ
ܰ˵һⱾһ޴ĽȻֵȴ֮

ܹ߶˰죬е߼ʡû취ⱾͲɢӦÿǵ⡣
ˡ󣬲ܹʵͷ󡣡˾ͺá
ȥ״ǻʲôҪ
ȿŲ٫ıӰЦҲӦÿǵ⡣ǣȥƿϣҲЧİ취˰ɣ

ת˸䣬ʩڵı
ðɣȱ룬״ѾˣȶɿʼһҪģ״켸ľ¥ôӴϰʩ۵Ҳţŵ
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ʩ۵µı䣬һһһĴүǶֻһĿװĻεֿȴһûС
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㿴㿴
ʩҲܾ㿴ĳҵĿӰ

һʱòܾȥŪ·״ˣȴûʩϰǰ
ԴͷԼҲ˵ܾʲôֻû֣бһʩۡ

˰ѿӰˣҲԵġ
İʿɱ裡
ʩĵҵôùа
ȴֵĲУÿòܾúѵѵԺֵ¸¶ȥɱӵˡ
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ҵĿӰʩȵıӰ
ãû˲˵һټңǸ
Ŀˡ
ȴʩߣͬǲһ͹ˡ
ôνѵɡ

ʩһ飬ûϣŵؿᡭǰѵɣ


ȿɲ֪ʩǱ߶Ŀϵˣ֪ĵһ仰ζʲô
صԼĴϣ׿ɸ硢жϧٵһŮڼװϴ磬ȥϽزա
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Ҫ֪Դݣһֱ£һ·ɱŮѪȣնڲ͡
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ʶ˼ԱߵĴ󴬣ȥͻȥٳ
ΪʲôѽɸҲ˳ȵĿ⿴ȥǱʲô
𿴣ȼæɸ۾
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ѽ
ɸһУŽŵܻ˲
׿ҲǺȥ
һͲûʺܾʮ˴ˣôû¶˼ҿ
תһ룬ǵץ״ȸԼһסˡȻүǻһ飬ûʲôһŮȴ̫ˡ



765 
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ˣһڹгеĴɹŮһǾþӹеĴιһҲΪȵ¼שߣȻĽ
þ׿ţȥɽ亣ֲ滨ݣϡȿæǰæ󣬻ѾũȾЦܰ
˽һ԰ͺ̲ںֵǮˡ
ڣϾ͵ȡģ˹Ǯһ졣ôһԺһǮûȥ˵ȥ˭ţ

٫ȵ¾ӡ
Ҳһ
Ⱥһֲۣסʲô
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ܹôôٶأ
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ľդԺһ򣬡Ҿͽ߶ϣھ˰ɣ
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ھҲУܹŭˡ
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ûһ˵ˡ
عζһۡ
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ԶЩʡϷ徻


ȳʯ
үүʮˣŵ


Ǻ״ȫͷһʲôûɣЩүԺˡ
ȵĸˣָǲܹ˵ģȻ๫ģܾҲ֡
ﺺҲ֪ôģĶƫƧĶ꣬רû˵ĵطš״ãв
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ڰЩүĺ̲ˣʼľѻĵأȴǺͻȻʮ޽
չȴ˷ȥ֮׼ĵһʵˡ
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Ҫ˵ҪǹΪɣһҪҵհ죬˵ǵݣɾ֪ˡ
꣬Ц
૳˹ΪҰ
϶
Ϲϡ
ˮҲȥˡ


ͷԲ˵ĵطҲֻǺѼ䣬ȷԸ״ж˳ԼҵСԺȥ
״һĶʳҶǴסȾӶֱˡ˵ܷû뵽Ǿϸûִ˸ȿϼ
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Ҳ˵״˻صȵס˰Ѳܹ˽˹
װԼСԺŪıȵĻ¡
ӢҲԹ˵е⡣
˵ȱǮҵǮҪںδ



767 ζӳ
ȶҲµһЩ˷ȥ˵ʲôءŪãǴȵŹܼҪǮ
Ҫ˵ǧ֮ڹ̺ϣ㲻ôǮǻǼҵ˽⣬Ǿ˵ˡ
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ȷʵȱǮʵʵ˵
ӢҺͲҲ֮ͬǰûʲôҵףΪϹ˵ӡ
˵ʲôӢбһۡʮĽ飬ΪǮûˣ
ҪҼүǴӳ㲻ɡ
Ҳ֮ǰ״Ҵ㡣
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˵ġȻǹΪ˶ǮոƣεĶ顣ƾݶҲܿȷѡ
ŽĸǸɴ࣬ҵ˵óᣬҪǲݵʲҪЩʱա꣬ٳ򣬲⡣
٣ӢζһЦۼҿǺǼұȲˣøӦûѡ
żҡܼҡ˼ңռıˣйɣԼҲһɷӣȻǲƴ֡żҿԳӢóһᣬѾǼˡ
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ʮ䣬ԵȴѾķ롣ЩѾǮˡ
֪ҪǮʲô壬ȴʲôʱǼΪѵõġ
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Ҳ֪ǸƢȻûʲôûŹûôǰ㸸ʾĲû˵ˡ
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ϧҲزȥˡ

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زصȥҲ֪һ㸣ܿ϶
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ͨƺӡˮʹ·Լƺ߽ݸͨ
˵һĻǽƣڵĴδݷһֱȥ
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һͣ࿴һۣȴ˿ûʵɡ
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ǿˣҪ岩ƽ顢Ӽ⼸ϳð鸦Ҳʲô񣡣


֪ʯسɴѾߣһڸݣҲһһڶĻء

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֮Ҫ»Сֻȹ֮Σ֣ҲñˡֻҪؾɣԱ֤κƽ£ƫƫõǼֲ⣡
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ŲӣԶԶֿۣڲĵСҲô¶
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ǰٿĪ硣
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ҪȥȰȰ
ҡͷѶϼ°ɴԼɣ


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ԴʹˣĵƷӹȻôʧʲôڶҷš
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ԽԽԽԽ
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ϳƱ
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˵ˣɸƽʱʵйҰǾ׿Ȳ˵ġҪȻԭʷҲдô࿰Ȼƶӵʫˡ
пȣѽ˵˵Ҫȶ˭ķ



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ΪʲôأһûǷ룻Ҳûһô޳ܡ
ŵ棬˵ץ˭Ĵ˵ĳ


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ȳԱ˸һ߼ӿŲԶȣһֵһҹҲ㣡



һ죬ȼźû֡СһҲǽһʵҲһ컻ȴִ˲ƣ
ΪˣͻȻ˸ӣǾƺԣʲôԭϲԴµСȲ֪ͬʱҲȻʶ
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780 ҹҹ
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781 ֮ŭ
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ú˵ȷһҶӼڻϿ軹ú˵
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ĸ﷽ˣʯ֮ʹĶʮؾھʦҲ˵ȻɷΪ֮

һֿܡ
ȴһˮ֪ܲԣԣ;Ӿͷȥ޻أ̫
ԣʯȾҲס


һֿܣȶûкôȵĺӶһв
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һֿû뵽٫û뵽ȨıҲû뵽ġ



782 Ųż
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ңȺһ㣬ǾǱʯң˽ȡ
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ʱ信ҪˮǳʲôΪӦļע
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˵Ķԣסģȥɡ


˵ʯȫʯȫֵܣʱͷæ׼һЩˮ̡
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ɿֵܣӣµСޣǲģ·;Ҳܵˡ
һ·ĵ˵ǸճСʲô⣬Ѿӣʵһ󲿷ֶʯҵġ
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ͨʯȫһƨڼװϣ϶ʪ͸ˡ
ߵĳ׿ӰˣλĨһ亹ҿ˿һڴ㶵ıʱһ
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֪˵ôô
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˵һߣܾ׷Ѿ°ˡ
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ߵԺǰͼͷѾȴʱŶˡ
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786 һҲ
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ŮжһֽҸĶӿ̧֣ǧյһǿա
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̼ǵӪǰӪֻʣһʮԱսǸ۽ǰʱʲôơ



787 ı
ڴʹ۴ιԱܱ߸ʹڣ⡣
űһսǬҮԪΣ̬ʱתһصν½֪뿴˭ǣ˵ġԡ
ͬʱ֪ʱֵʹȻҲ֪һ״֪˰ʹʲô۶
ǣλһڴӦʹеˡ
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Үɺͼ֮Ըȴû
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ڵĻʵǼҪƽңҪģͷöԹ˲ϾĻ˼ʹһ𼷶ҴΣͽζ࿪컥вġ
úóһʹĵԼȥɣ۾Ͳˡ
ܰҴŻỹ侮ʯ
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ţѾ˽ǰȴһȹɴ˾Żѣǰ
ɩɩôˣ
Ͳ϶æվ
ʶȻô˻ȥ
߰˴Σ޸춯أǲȥġǾ仰ʼڶơ
ɴһƲ죬ͷһƫ˱𴦡

׿Ż϶ͷ˵ͷǼ
Ŀϣߵǰ
е飬ԴŲֻʹ׿Ƴ
ؼҡ

ڵĴһϻûУž׿ĸ첲ߡ
Ҹ˵ɣЩɿ˷ˣšˣ
ҵġ
Զԣҵġ

»ԾĻѣлʯˡ
˵õ߰˻أ
˵õĸ춯أ
գ
޳ܵĶ


792 žũѽ
Ⱦô޳ܵĻؼˡ
һҹ﷢ʲô¶Ȼö֪ǵڶ쿴ɫͲѲ³޲Ȣʲô¶һҹǱڵĲᣬȦǺڵġ
ϧ϶һ㲻ͬǸͻ
ң˵ʯֵܺ¶ء
㲻𣿲˵ǿİɡ


ˣ
ʱǵվں̲ϡﲻɲ֡
ʯȫʯȫŶײȴڰ䡣
бǻؾǰͲƷӷء
һһҷֳ˶ӡ
һ浹ùȥ׳ʿͷԣһ㾫ûУǺúѵһҲһá
һͲզˡȫӵүү
еͷˣֱˣĴǹǵʹ˵ıôܴ̣
ģټҴһֺ̰
ıƣһãʣ򻹵Լ롣
϶һƲ죬ԲʲôټƵģˡ
Ķɣ۾һµľҪҲпնȥ˵ġ
ʯֵһ֣
ؿ˹кηԸ
šüͷˣҽʵ׶ʵж٣
˶һۣ֧
Ʒôˣ
Կ˽֪ǲǫ̃˵Ҳֱ̫ˡ
ֱֹƷӵʲô˼һҪץʯҵİѱ
ǶƵġȼΪмĳһ۾Ͳµֵʲôء
һӻ濴СǮûǵĵƤ
ڶҲû˼ǽЩ¶
ǶپǶ٣
⡭˲ԼͬĿһ۲϶ĵҲǽųòܼҲûٳԣܲ˵
ܾһ֣˵ɣӺƶԼˣûʲôġ
ʯȫһҧ˵˵£򣡡

ֱӾˡ
򣿡
򣡡
Ҳ˵֧ȳ˵ãһһ°ǣݺһʣˡ
˵ﻰһԤڡ
νԿãɲǼ򵥵ĳһ̰˶ٶǮѾ֯·ֹѧȽ̶ˡ
˾ڲԴõá֧ʼһһ°Ƥϵöָʹµ鳤ͷзݶ
ӽࡢࡢˮࡢ˾ξ¡ʳ˾١Ӫַʡ
˵ûû⣬ͱ˾һ㣬Ͳˡ
õͷͷ԰Ǽ㣬·嵽ĸſڶٰǼ㣬ĸٰǣӾٰǡ
˵ˣʯֵͱ򡣶ȡˮô죿ֻʵĿնıȡ档
ڣˣȴãһȻǵġ
ǣû뵽ô࣬ʯȫʣˡ
ɫԽԽãʯȫæ
ε̫ݣҲû취
˵һҲǽֵܵ滹һֵܵշ
ˣžôӻø˵ã
£ʯȫһҲˡ鰡
Ʒһڶûʵö㵽ȥˡ
ֵҲףҪûնɾͶúˡ
ǵϢûĵʯȫһۡҪô˵ʯƤ̫ǳûɶǰ;
ŴεؽӿԼ𣿡

ʯȫһͣɶ˼ô
벻ףܵʯȫȴǱϵ̫ˡ
ȴһ˲ϲʲôſ˼ӵԺȥˡ
һȭɵֵ̧ܶ˸м㣡
üͷһǶʯȫ
ܵǸˣгϢ
ֿʯȫԸӪϵĽУ£һл˵
˵꣬ķһ߶ȥˡ
ߣʯȫȼҵĻе£ؿʯȫɶ˼Ǹնǲϣ
ʯȫһ۶ҲǷˣ˵ôˣɵôأ
簡˵⻰зǡԼˡ֣
Ŷ
ʯȫͷĳһûʯȫͦ˵˭ġԼˡ
ʯȫɵһ㶼װ
ˣԼҸھǴʱΡôһ΢ʱڣҡڲĵڣһ䡰Լˡķжأ㱧
ε˼ļҡԼ˵Ĳ˰ɣ
˵꣬ٲɵϻȵķԸȥϸӪУȥˡ
ʯȫԼվ˰죬۾͵ĵԲ׷ܾ͵˹ȥ
˵ʯҲ˼һͣ


ԶԶؿʯȫıӰͲܾС˵ʯû汾¶е㶡
϶ʯȫǲ̫ʹҲΪˣܵʵڵĶ࣬۵ñ֮Ҳӹ֡
ȵ˵ͷǻ´һ׳ܻܵ
ܾԲ֣ͷζһЦ
ĳЩˣڲİ
ʲô˼
϶ǶԹټҵİŻôǮ־ĵģԼˡñӶʯҿˣ
⻰ҪǴؾȥʯҾҲܲˡ

ȳĬá
¶
~ܾ֮ԱǣһﻹǷŲ£ȴƫҪӲ


ûһʯֵܴһӪ
Ҳϻ
˭ܾ裿һ
ĩڣȺ߳һ꽫Уĩ˺ݶξݹ֧ȡ
šӦһֱ
⼸ʵᣬ֮ʮµ׳䲻־ͳһᡣ
ʮ֮б಻־ͳһᡣ
⡭ݶξһеΪѡ
˽ľƣͬ
ȴǲԹ˵
Ժ׳ð;ʦӪı׼š
֮ԭòÿȱ

ǽһΪԼˣصʶʯֵܡ
׳Ӫı׼ãô˭֪ӪǮǽ׼ôǮ
ңȵ۾һָ¡˵㣡
ǾһӣʯȫҲʱĳȻݣԺͶµģÿ
ĩ
ţȥɣٰ죡ʯȫɫ˵ٺЦֶȡ»кηԸ
׳ΪһҶΪžҲ壩
²ɡʯȫˡ
˵˵
ʯȫɫһ࣬һûܳ͢Ҫ˰
ﰵô͵Ǯ۶ˣ
ʲôܣʥּơãȻŪװף˳Ρ
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ʣһ֮ô죿Ҳž
ֱҡͷʣһ֮ҰѾе׶£žá
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ҾͽСũѽšɣ
ũѣ
ʯȫַ㶣һʱǸɶⶼ˺ȼƽϡе²µıȥֵذɣôѵ׶ȥˣ
ˣ۾һֵӶ󣡡
ǣǵҲôŪʯȫһıءǡǿˣۻûֵǽأֳһȥֵء
ǣһôûУ˭
һۣǮ۶ǳˡ
ʵû˼ϻǸݶξأ
ĩڣ
ũѽŵ彨һ˲ᡣũѱŵвһϽ˾һԼ֧
˵ۿʯȫҪǮǰɣ
ϵǻɽҰأж¾ͿٻֶܵöĺôȫԼı¡
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˵ǿһ˰˵ֵȴû⡣
ҪؿģʮĶҲóطˮʳ㳯͢һ룬ҲһնĿöˡ
Ȼģһ㲻˵ˣԼˣ

תһڽУ
ڿʼžʮϱıũѽţշתΪũְ
ʮ꣬ũѱӪģһعˣáÿӪزУũ˰ֻʮȡһϽɳ͢һԹС
ʮߣжӾϡ
жӾջؾũ˰ʮȡ͢ͱŸһ
鳤ϣӪξ¡ٽ״Саš
֮һֵǹȥĺã

㿴ңҿ㣬ĵҲ


֮ǰ߱ѼЧ˵ˣ̫˵ҡ
ֻһҳȥź;ͳν׼ҡ
ֻ˶ʵģû֮ǰǲ׷еġ
Һãһ֮ãֻ졣ÿԽ˶üš

ʵ߱⣬Уոͳһĵ̫ҲϹ
Ӵ˽ɽ̫ƽǣƽʱòôô죿
̫ɱγĻʵӢö࣬תũת
Ļǵģȴǹڣ˳ͷȡ
ʲôũѱšţ˵ǾӣȴԼѸͶ뵽ũҵҽ赱ȥ
½úܣ
ȲΪ̫𶯵ܿٵİԴľӱԴߡ
ͬĵطڣıŲУҪֳһָȵ档
ȿûʲôԡң취ҲȫڴڵĳЩ棬Ⱥʡ
һ֮⻹״̬͢ƿز㣬ûоʺũѱŵĴչȭš
ǧ˵ǴбǰѰξҲһ㲻ɽ¶ˮȫˡ
ʳʱһҹǷǿʢҪָꡣʳıȥʳûѹҲľȥƸһһı仯ϸҲ֪ʲôЧ
ʵеļʼջǴȱݵġһӪΪ䡣ƺͺְҵ˺ܽӽǴʼղܺܺõؽϱõ⡣
ž仯أƱսĺ
ͨũѱŵɸѡϱתԸũʧһߡ

ΨһǣʱƣҲб͵һ죬ɿػԽԽ١ǽһܳḶ́ڿǵķ֮ڡ
Ҳ浽һ죬εĽѾųһдĵطأ
Ժ£˭˵׼



793 Գҩ
ʯȫʯȫһڽУȥ֮󣬲ܾƲ
͢ı·
԰ȵͷզаɣ
զ϶سһȡνҪڿնǸ˺ôǿն⻹û
Ϊӳһ⣬˾͹ԹԵذ³ˣ
Σ
ǰ̰أСûҲȥ
ʱ򣬼ȺűѪũգ󣬿ô졣
϶ʲô⣬ҹ˰Ҳ˵ԭ㱾¡
ȥ£ȵĻشϡ
նⶫôԾôԣʶʣᶼᡣ

ܾһãȻװɣ
ȥ
˵꣬һյˡ

ôܵģզأ϶ͼćNɪ
ɩӾͶӻôӦڻĵϳ㣡
ͨһ򣬲ûصϡ
׿ǰʱݡ
ϴ裬˰
϶һ£Ⱦ͸оڣǹζꡣ


˵϶ȥȥˣȻŸ¶Բ·
ԴˣֻܹǱЦ
ܳԶãŴӰ죬תũѣתԸũܳĿն
꣬ôĿնˣںꣿ

ܾסˣôԼզû뵽أ
ǣ԰ʲܹˣ
תԸũҲҲǮء
ǡܹ˸ЦһԶĲ˵˵ǰʯֵܣ꣬ʱȥҪҪǸն
ɶ˼ܾûпնΪɶҪ
㰡ܹ˺˵ܵһۡǵˣҲ͸ɵɱɱӪ¶һ㶼ת
ܾ۾һӻӵĴ絲ǰ棬ĥôɶ

ãλֱͦ׳
٫Ҳúϻ˵ɣֵص󣬻ǳԿõ󣿡
϶ͷúĥһӦǿİɣԣûʯȫð̹ˡ
תһüͷǲ԰ͻ
ôͻܹ˷ʵĲ˰ն̰ò٣ܵ𣿡

ò꣬ԴľͶ֣ᷢնòʵʵݡ
ʱ˭Ҫն
ǰˣʵۿĨᣬ๫ģΪľýһնԽ֮ԳɣôӲҲЧ
ǣأ
ն¶ʱԼĿնµظɻˡ
˭ԸҪˣ߱ҲȻȻľͽˡ

ֵ˵ܵһۣ˵ʯȫأӣҲʯǿĶȥ
֪ǲܼڸʲô𣿡
ʲô
ϽĿնȥѽÿûʵ
գ϶̲ס
ܼӿնʵ
ңרʮϱбֵ»նǮʵҪ˭ǱĽһĸ߸ߵĻ
ƶΪܼԴˮˡ
ױ·һʵʩǿɾ˼ˣ˭Ļ˶࣬˭ռˡ
˭ӽˮɾͲ˵ˡ
ܹ˵ÿǺʹȵϢȻͿˣ

磬һ𣿡϶Ÿͣ
ʰɣ
㶼˭˰
ʯҡ
ۣ
Ҳ̫ˡ


һȷʵģܹרʯ֣ѲܼҵĿն˦ʯҡ
ʯҪ߬±һʵУɵۡ
ϧ٫ʯһȴûš
ʯȫӲʹ֪ũѽŵڣʯȫȴǾء
ݵũѱŽһ꣬ͻعζŵ̺Ϻ͹ټҽĶĻ벻ⲻרǸνԤġ
ȥţʯʱѾǳԵġռ˲ܼҵĴء
б˲ܼңԼƿصĽնǴ˵սȴûܲ
һӵţµһʯûιȥľͲ嵽ܼҴɱˡ
ƿڴܾˣɷҲ
ҲûãֻܳưͿһʱ䣬пɲȣʯֻ뷽跨ԼĿնٴӱһϱ
ǣ˭ļǱˣ˼ʹһУֻ±ʵʩ
޷ֻһЩС͵Ľҡ
û뵽ǣΪնľٶνеĿ𲽵СͽżС
ȵ±һ䲼˼ͽ׼Сſо޶ÿ̰ȴûʵȥģȻǳ˴֮󣬿öûóԣҲûˡ
ն֮ףΪСŵӰձ鲻˳⣬˳˳ˮ˼ɡ
󣬹ᴩΣӰĹټŵĽţֻʣ²ʯҴʹȨԽŵƿظӹ̡

Ȼ֮ϲҲû뵽ĺ󻰡
ȿû̫˼ŵϣһԺ£ʵлҪһʱ䡣
ȻڵıˣвܾһӪ˲ġ
ʱ˼Ұϡ

״ĶԻз֮⣬һû˵Ұ۶ԼǽĴΣǼΪҪһÿһϸҪŵ㣬Զ졣
ʱ䣬ڵϵĹأҹͻؼϱСӹĵҲС
ޣȻһΰ¶ǵŮüҲûȺɫ粻֮࣬ƴ󷨣ûƵķСһ˵á
ת۵ĩ
³ǾĽ裬Ѿ߳ΣǽѾˣиԵĹҲĲˡ
ȻˣûйٶҲûо񡭡
ȵģֻҪٲã״ĽѾȷ³仧Ҳɽˡ
ڼ䣬ǱÿһţӣĿһЩ¡
ǣɶûš

µŻûǶµᵽӪְĹǺ
ֻ˵ӪɺӿڣΪʲôȴֻδᡣ
ԴˣȻûͦˡ
ɺӿطͦգʵ¡ڵĽ岿ԶûɨԭʵССֵİˣٸʲôġ
Ӫı£治ȥǶǶȼȥˡ

˵ﻰȲ̫ӪؽȥرߣվǾˣҲվվڸߵĽǶȿ⡣
Ǿֵܣǹ߸ֻƽƽ
ǰӪӪѾΪϴ򵽱Ϊβ֮ˡ
ˣеˡ

Ψһеƶľǣúõôܵɺӿȥˣ
ʦŽ⿪ʡ
͵ҲᵽӪɺӿڵ£ǰԭί˵һ顣
ԭԴһȲӪˣֺˣò򷢳ȥܱܷͷ
£ˡ
˵ʲôţôʲôöȥ
ԼԺﵱһԺӵˣָŲ϶²ۿˡ
Ҳڸ͢ڿ˰ɣ
˵ˣǰֵܲûˣ
ز϶˵ûҲ޴˵ˡ
Ҳǣֱͷ
ôզģԨǵ¶õɱƤӾܲˣ
Ӫˡ
Ǻǡ
ȸЦûӡ
ǺǡɾеǺǡζˡ
ȥ棡
˸ӣ϶ԽԽɴȥŶݡֵһˣѵı

ܾһԺʯһ߹ȥʯߵˣڵϡ
費ģ
ʲô
ûȲ϶ٷ裬ԺſȴһŭȣŵĲܾһӡ
ֻб֣սһҪˡ
ҪǺǽУǲӵģûҲųˡ
һ飬¶Ҫˡ
ͷģûˣһţǰѿˡ
һ۲϶ͣҼҽӺûꡣ
ܾҲǲŷӦʱִٵź׶١ˡҵġ
ҵĴ
治С¶ΪһɩҪţɩһˣ⻹Ǵ¶
˵ͷͶ̫ãӷֻҪͷŮ
˼ˣܲ鷳Ͳ鷳ˣϼ뽪¶ǣҲͺø߰˰ˡ
ҲˣֻСëû̫ȥʹŮչˣæҰȥˡ
Ů˲ǰ֢ãʼͣһü죬ֲȷģҲɻŹ
˽緹ˣŮδ˵Ƕµҡ
ĸҲӣæȥСҲǵĵĽ￴ʲô
ʲôȾļȻҲһˡ
Ͽ룬Ҳ¶һʶܾΣ˵ŻæǰС
ͷּĴ󣬱ܾ߻䣬ⲻϷ⣬ʲôܾŵĲ֢ô죿
ǾǡһԸšС
ӹ϶İͷҪ

ſڣͷһ۾ˡ
һˣϹʲô
ҡ
һвɷĻܿˣûذ
ͷһ˦ͷһߺȥĶ㣡
á
ߡűһվͷǲ
ϸĵ㰡
ͷһۣƵԼȥˡ
ʵɣһ˵ʲô֢״ͷѾ³ʲôˣ֮ԲȽΪͷȻǻе㻭
̫ţǸ


ͷȥһӻûе㼱ˣʲô󲡰ɣ
϶㲻û侮ʯǰοģɩǶǼ󣬳˴¶
Ҳڣ㻹ʲôĵģ
Űɣ˵и룬óҩͺأ
ĨһѶͷϵϸûӻ
ûȻãǣͷôأ
ʱ٫˷ᣬӶȰȱԼŻԼ

ֹһ
ڣ֨һˣͷɫɷףһ㶣ŵ»еسˡ

ˣһûϡ
ͷı֪Ҫ¶
ǿһԼ嵽ǰ
ô
û˵۾ȡ
Ϸҽһûģ

زŵûɫԺҲͷһͷûĲǿô죿
ͱˡ˵ʼ
ֱ˵ʲô

в𣬵һû⡣
ǲʲôҩˣ

̫֮ͯã漣ˣ
ȱĥòҪҪģڹ۶ôͷôҲʼӣ
ɶ˼

г̾һ־Ժߣﻹţ
ˡ
ϲˣϲһųͷһء
СӵÿǮҪһһ˭𣿡




ԺһƬԼͬȡ
࡭
ܾ¿ˮ
㡭㣬Գҩˣ

ϣͷɶ˼
Ļ˼죬ɫͨ죬ڻûӦ


794 꾩ƴ
£⡣

Īɣ
Ϊϼ족
ʹȥӭʼ̴
ÿ괺⾰ɫʤУԻɽ֮ھס
ϱӣභޣĺɻδڣȻѱҶչˮ棬кɰ䣬ŭŽӰࡣ
ʱ£ɽб˳ֲ֯⸻ַʿڴˣһɡɽˮ续¸¡ĳž

ÿٴ˼ϵĻ¥žӲ꣬ɳֵĽд֣ٳϵ
ǵĹӸǴʱҲҡȴײڽϣһģһ߲ʱŽߵġ羰
˭ʱװЦд
ʿү۵ǧԽԽãȻҲλȤŮܰԼĻ깴ȥɾһ˼¡
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֪òΣɴ񣿡

˵֪ԸΪ˽󣬻ȣҡͷԵ԰ڿˡ
òȻһһȵòѳң
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˲ڲ飬ﻹΪǵؼˣм־ǵһ조߶˵ʱζ
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̽Ӵ˫ȫμ𣬸һΣ˻ȴΣ壬ֻƾۣг͸ҴɽկնףһʱΪѻ֮̽
ǡҡͷλ߹һӴֻܸʵҳƿ񣡡
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Ӻ񣿴ӳٲֱӱסſڵ򣬴򵽷Ϊֹ񣬶Һݣ
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ȣͻмΣ߰ɣȥҪϱ

ȥ
˼ѾŻʰ̧ͷˡ
˵ȥĻͷһ͡
ȥˣôֲȥˣ

һšüͷ֪Сӷ辢ˡ
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ȷһǣ¶һŤЦ⡣
ȻˣôҲ档̧Ⱦߣǹү⣿
㡭ؿȣɱڵϽϼڹ֮ǰǶС
ֻȵȻ¶ѾɳˣծȴҪģ
һʱ󾪣
㡭³ç
ҲǼҪ˭Ȱɣ
ǺǡȸЦ
Цϼһﶼеûġ
Ϸģе˶ʹеȴ
ǵںʲôͶʲôܳԣ֪Щǲġ

˴ؿȣ˵ʵ²͸ֱʲôӡ
Ҫʣȴʱӣתʵڹ𣿡
ڣ
Ժһɤͻأ
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ϴ뷢԰ףͣϵѾˡھãһ˫
ȼæӭ˳ȥϴٲԺ
ˡ
һЦһߣһϷʵôۼҿ˵СӶۼԹް
ۼҲҪۼҵȣ
һװŭĸϹСү˺죿
漴ٺһЦϣСֻ𾴵ģɲҲӰԹ޵ġ
ҡͷһЦȴûӡϴƵģԹ޵ǹټң̫Ĺ
뷶˵ͷյ£̧ȣЦ
˵ɣۼҺ£
ҲĥţϴһЩ̺ϵĽ
Ŷһ
ʹĽСӿǺܾûֹĶˡټҸȥţҲһζûء
ô½ϾˣʼĹˣ
ȵȻһЦû˵ǣҲû˵ǡ
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⻰˵ĺȣĸ˼գȴһ㶼⣬һЦ
ʣεǺ͹ټ뵽һȥˡ

ԵҲӭѶ֮⣬жơ
һ㶣һû뵽йһ棻û뵽жơ
ʲôƣ
ͽӹͷȴû˵ʲôƣˡ
˵ҪлΪ͢һԱս

ֱԺʲôһԱսҿûƼˡ
˭
鸦
ۣ
һѪ۾ҿûƼɱͷϣ
ţĸͷһ
ʯǴɾټģ
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ǡһɡǣȥʯ飬Ըף⣬ʱյݣ˵鸦İʹûˡ
˼
ʲôʲôҵ˼ȲûҭôҲǹ
ֵֻµʱҲΪǴɵ⣬鸦뾩
Ȼһ̯֡ʯһݸͨУûֱ˾֧йٵġ
á
һ۶е˰ɣԼƵʦģ
ǡ̫ѨһķǡǣǼһǲʲô¶ˣ
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ˣɿã
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ûֵټﻢ¡Ωȡ
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鸦нӣӦ˱¹㿪·ѰԴ֮ߵּ⣬˾档
ȣȵȣȻ
ое㲻ԣͷˡ
ϵʲôӣ
֮о塣
һԻ編Ի
ļ۷




ȷӦһȰĸ˼ŵһ顣
ȥȴȣ



798 ֮
Ҳƶˣ๫ô๫
ʷѾԼڵĿȫˣ
ƶˣɻʺ󶼹ջˡ
ΰ˴йлʦˡ
ʦˣʼѪˣӶˡ
ĳȨ岩̳ˡİƤ׳ȡ
ӢڻʵŶûͱûˡڡڣдλںǵùҲһûӰ
˵γܱĻ϶˸ԺʲôԼ֪
ƫƫʯ
ƫƫʯ
ô֣ˣ㻹ܰѡ編͡ļ۷Ū
ȻǺܷģ޲ðʯƤ


ǣ˵Ϊʲô編͡ļ۷Ӧôأ
ܼ򵥣һǾǡ
ɥġ
ûɥĲ๫ĳͯ˼άѾɥĲĵزˡ
һǧǰıˣţ˼Գǰ
ǣܰʵʩģǴģӾа
һһ˵
˵編
ʷԭģ編ߣԳƽ᱾Ǯɢ˻Ϣ֣ɢ
˼ǣԸݳƽǮÿ֮ҲũɣʱڣΪȷũ񲻻ΪǮķϻ߳أԹҵũȡͶϢ
ɣ
˷ӱϿǺð취
һóƽˮһĴӦеЧãһܸϢʵ˴յĿġ
ũǮ֣ͲأЧؼ沢ļ١
Ƚɣ
һǧǰĴΣеũζɣ
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һ̵ϡ
Ƚƨ
뷨ȽǷһǧǰĴʵУǾ޴
ȣͶϢϢ֡
ﲻò˵⻰ʷѧҳ˵ĸĸؼ沢һġ
ʧȥأ͵ȥʧȥĸʲô¶ɵóģƷͳȻҲͳ˻ѡ֮һ
ôؼ沢ĸԴʲôأũɵһȥͰѷˣȻȥ
ǵģؼ沢ĸԴʵǸ
ũ񲻻һأɵʱ˶Ǳл룬δ㽵ġ
ԣѪƴֱء
ǻѡһİ취ǾǵѺأ򸻻͵׼ɹѹء
ϢǶأ
ܸߣϢߣϢϢ
Ҳ˵ʮǮϢᣬ껹ʮᡣ޻꣬ʮΪȡϢɣʮ߹ᡣ
⻹ǰ㣬еĵطһ´Ѿû߶ˡ
֮ĸ߶ϢһũԳܵġ
Ҫճɺû˵ǿԻϡһǷյǾͳƲóأ޻·ˡ
ԣÿ֮꣬ũѺͳؼ沢⼯б꾰
ҲǺӱ·ĺؿŻƺӾ̣ũȴһ㲻۵ԭ
˵ӻһʧľĺ塣
ǣǡǡ෴ӻصʱ򣬷ǵĲȡʱ
ĶԱȼ֮

ͷ˵編еġɢ˻Ϣ䡣
ֹ˰ɣ
Ǻǡ
ᣬˡ֡Ǳ˶֣ɲǰٷ֮ɣȺĸҪߡ
֪ЩƲԸũܻϢó͢ǮȥŸ
ȻˣϢȱֽҪͣҲִ˼άȥΪϢڹŴǳ̬
ǣʹɵϢȻũܳܵġ
ң鸦˸¶
֮ҪɹŽ׼ȥʵʩġ
˭Ŵࣿ˭أȻЩǮƵĵٶġ
ͺñȣһɱ˷ԼȥԼῳԼԴ
ԣ編Ǻõģһʵʩ
ݸأֱǻٳˡ
еΪǿмٽ賯͢սģ˽̧ϢѶֱ֡ķֵġ
ߣ編һֶȡũصĹߡ
ձĺúõģٸӲһǮϣ֮һͬģԳܵϢ
ʹķԹص
汾編ͷûֺá


ôļ۷أ
Ǻǣ編ǻ˸תİļ۷
ңĻѾͿգԼͬšͳν׼൱Ȩģ׼
ˡ
ݼ߸£Ǯ˳ۣµŮߣһǮν֮Ǯ
鸦˼ȷ𣿲ǶǸɴͶǮˡ
ݼ߸¡ǰղƲĶȣǮٳǮӶ䵱ۡ
Ϊ˶ž⣬ŮûŹҳ٣ǳһ룬һҪǮۡ
Ǿ仰ʵʵʲôǸʲô˳Ǯأ
Щһϳ³Ĺ¡
ǴȨ׼ȻˣŴνĸǴȨ׼ôĿŵֱҪǮ
˭ӵ㣿
Ѵ䣬ͳν׼˸飬㲻Ǻùù

ԣ編ļ۷ټһ˵ķ﷨
䷨ĺľߣȵգֵͳν׼
๫һս
๫һս
עˡ䷨İ


˵ʵȿ編Ҳãļ۷Ҳգûķ﷨ҪǻѴιټһүֺݽɫҲ˵ʵʩ
Ϊʵ۹ݣȨ߶ȼУ˭
ƫƫڻȨôСʿʵ۱ȼĴΣǾеˡ
Ĺ㣡

񣬡ûˡǣ䷨е編ļ۷ʺȴһγǰܵ
ʯĶС

Уͷ¿ڣסˣȥ
͸ֹһɡô硢ļ󣿡
Ȳû޳ͽҾٷ裬Ҳûôķ
ʦⲻ⡣
ǳĸ·ģ
ţһͳƬ̲ŷӦɫȻһ䡣
˵
º͡
ûºͣͷ֮ܡºѵ֪º͡жҪ𣿡

ͳĬˣǼսȭͷ
ʦʯ֮֪Ѿصʲôز
˵ˣһǧǰһǧǰ޷ﵽĶԪ۽硣Ƹۼһ·߲ͨԻһ۹⣬ͶһƸѭ֮ȥ
ͺ񷿵ز׬ǮˣȥӰӰˣȥITûзչռ䣬԰ǮȥȥһѰ̻
أƸռֻءˡˣ˵ռĿꡣֱӶأû˲ƴ
£忿ʲôκ绽̵ʲô
ء˭ҵĵأҾͺ˭ʵҲʹǸĳ̶ֳ˵ڻȨһ롣
͢Ҫĵأκȴ뷽跨ڱǵĵأǵ½ĸԭ
ң˵ںԪˣȫˡܹơԼǿģҲֻҴлһң޷ֺš
ԣӼǰ¶˸֮ʱȾȰºΪƽȹɡ
ʦĳ
кӱ·Ϊκӵơ
ȥζΪУǣǻһ룬ĸʵʩһҲûˡ



ǡͻûعȴǽӹͷѾزκЩڲˣºȴ˵ȥ˰ɣ
˼ѾˣºͣǾе㡭
ңȷʵҲҪһƺⱱ
鸦б⡣
ǵġҡͷȻԩͷծ˭ĵӾͶ˭֣ǵ
һһƬǾҰ

ؿȣһʱ侹Զԡ
÷ˣСӲˣԵЩ˼ҳ˲ܲ˵ķӡ
һϲЦˡ
ܳôһûõĻ˵Ѿͬȣ̨׶¡
ʱҲ̧ͷ
һѾգղˡ
ֹҪһµƺ⳯ɡ
㡭
ߣ
ô˵ǻˡҪ㣬ܳû¶ʱֹڣﻢ¡
һĸ˶뿴ȣĴ𰸡
ʵǲʲôϣġȳνߣջùټµӦԳĻеΪˡ
һ˵Ļȴ˴۾
ļ۷á
ߡǿŲʵʩҲͲڱɴ󺦣
編
˵
ɽ⣡


799 ֲ
Ȼ߾֮ƽ⣬ɽʮĿУؾϢŸոմ

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˻һӣٲάԺС·֮ϡ
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ʹˣȻԸ֣ҪԱţһֱߵǰ鷿ſϷ¡
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ܲĲ̣ǰæȴһ˻ȥ
Լ
ƽʯɣĹݴѧʿֲ
ԼһֵһʱԡʹԹޣʱҲǲҶ˵һ䡣ֻ÷׷׸档
һֱ鷿ֲӷŵү鰸֮ϣֱƽ
ү鷿һһһһ֣֮ʱģɹϧ˷ǣ׷䡣
ĿԼһֵϣ԰׵ӣ
ӱ·
ӱ·
·
·
Ӷ·
·һһʮݣʮմСĿ֮Ϸͻˡ
̶̼䣬ȴþȫĿ֮оӨܣүС
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ǸܲһǸγأֻ֣ʱҡ
ںڳҲǺȰοǸػģһƬãҲûжɽ֮հ

ֲЦʱңɽ
֪գαص
⼸ֵҪ˵Щο֮ٱɵõĹҲĻ䣬޶־

ֲԣվڼֵʵɰЦҲǲ̲
๫ֺαأ˵๫ͷһȣЩֻصء
ȴǸýһˡ
㣡ֲ֮Ļ˵

ϼֳ̾һ
ˣһҲҲȻȥѾֺαһСһƽϣ
ȥʵӷеԼֵܣпοԼʵүʮ֮УҲĹ֮ͽ
ƽ񣬷ŻϷҪˡ
֮ǰһ䣬ϣȥ
ܲȻǸ˵޷ܲؽġ
ֲͷ͵ؿһܲȻһָߵӣ
Ҫôˣһ˰ˡ
Ҫô
ϳʱ¡ƣͱµĴ֮ģֵһǣ︻ûġ



ҽԾ롣
ڡġܲҲͷ
ΨǼֵ޷Ӧġ

һûһϼǿЦһ֪ԼǶһˡ
ˣϷȥҲǺΪ֪
˵꣬ٿһõ鷿ĵүȥ
֮ٲɣ󲽳ݡ
ȼֲѾ߳ӣܲŻع׷˳ȥ
Ǹ㣡
ֲԶһ£Ҳãɡ
ԺУҲͣͣ
תܲϷ֪ոյĻǲġ
ܲȻͷһ֮µʱȷʵ
ȷʵá
Ͳɣ
ֲһ㶼⡣
һ㣬Ҫס
Ǹ뽲
ǧܽκĿ֮о֡򡭡
ֵһˣ

ܲһʱûϼ֮⣬㶵
عĻмֲӰӣ˾ʹ˳Ӵ޹ϸ

Ժվãܲ͵Ĵһ֪ΪΣһһķ·ʧȥʲôһ㣬Ī
ֲȷ
ʣܲʧǵػص鷿̤ţǸʮֵ˵
ʵɫȻֲ
ܲһ£ɫ˳ɷס
ʮܣһȣʵͳ˹ȥһ½
ˣǸµǸ
ܲ죬ʵȴš
磬ѰɡбۿһܲĴ֡
֪̫ˣвأһӶᣡ
Ҳڰɣ
ܲ˵ڳʱ˵ˡ
ôȥˣô˳Ǹɴûġ
ھ벻ھһ𣿡ʵһʣʱʵڳ˵ˡ
ʵֵеһһ졣
ﴫϢֲǲ֪ټȻвȴЩ۶˰ͷ
ȻҲ֪ûбҪڿżֲˣʱܰ򷢳
ǡ
δںЦһб۴ʵ˭أ
κΪͨǸߡʱǲǸ˵侮ʯĳ
ҡʵһҿû侮ʯ
ں۾һԼֵܣ˭֪˭˵ǰ˲ģ
ҡ
ʵ಻ȥˣҲΪǼҺãԼ˵ֲЩ궼ʲôˣ
ʲôҲûɣ
ߣգ
˵䣬һֵܾͱȥˣƴãпΪҪֵġ


һĬȴ˭Ҳ˵Ψܲۿʵ
ûйͣҲп͡
ûпͣҲǸ
ֻҲ˵ĳ
ҡ
ˣˣȴ͵
ƽʱʵߵȻҪʮ˵
磬Ҿһ䡣
ϼһų˾֪ô¶˯𣿡
˯˯Ҳ
ˣúʹ硣¶Ǳ𳳣Ҳˡ
죡
˵꣬ܲٶ˵Ļᣬֱӳ鷿Ҳ֪ȥˡ
ܲζӳ¡
ով㵽һ̣ǸΪֵ룬ǷЩ˾Ҫء
ǡЦһʵһ죬ĵ·Σ
˵꣬ӣתҲˡ

ʵܲȥıӰûΣʰ񣬶λֵܵѶϣһʱ䡣
ŻѾƮ鰸ϵǸӣǰһƿоϲȡ
ʱ򣡡
һֻԼζһڡ
ûϼֲ֣ڣֵ֮зʩľʣˣһ˳ᢵĸо
ҲһӺƷܳ¡
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һԼֵҲзŹؿʵ
ʮкθ߼
ʵһеκǰ漴ɣǴɼ¡
Ҫľǡʵ̧ͷǰĺӱ·ӻΪ
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ɲۿʴǮǰǲ֡
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ʱȻֵܶûǾôˣ
ˣ
ôˣ
ãʵкáǾ;綨ƣĪʧ
ڳ
ʮкμƽϣ
һأӱ֮ǵĺ壬ҲҪŴ
һ
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ʵ͵鸦֮Ѿ˾⣬صĿڹų͢ʩд˷ԣ֮κӻۡؼۣ𸡲⡣
ǡ˵һЦǣǸ֮ټʵУǻʵ𣿡
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ʵƶͷں㸺ֵ֮ĸݣ£Դתˡ
ڣǵȵȣ
šڰɣʳ˵֣͢ҲӦи˵ˡ
ãһͰ졣

˵ʩм˳ᢵơ
ܲڴˣѪɡֻܸ̾ʮֶܺΣ
գ֮䣬ֵܾͱ£ͬĵڳԽںʵʮܵǰ֮ˡ

һֵܺѾͭǮԼѶꡣ
ãЦ˵øлǸƷӣ
ҲͣùĴӶڸϱϣһʱ޷תֲ֣һʡ
Ƿǲˡ׼ݽйԺҪඡ
ҧø¸죬ֻǱˣ
һؾر֮𣡡

ˣ
ֵõδ͵鷿ͷ˺ѷεĺУԼֵһš
ѵ
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򣿡ɻ󲻽⡣㲻ǳȥ֡
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ͷ˵Ựˡ
ңҸճţ;;ڷ裬贫
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˵ڻɽͷ
ʲô
һˣ
˭
Ժ˭ܰŵĶİˣ
ú˵ʵ򶨣
˭ˣ
ƣƷӣ
㣬˵˭˭˭˭
ðɣʵһżҲİˡ


800 ؾ
ֻһ֮κԺ
һӵĽ𸡲ͬĲȡգԱ֮⡣΢ˬ
κϹŷϯضϷ¯̿h롢ˮ̨ۡԽ롭ʥ½˵ʮνһӦȫ
˰ˮ˵⡣
ʱɹߵˮֱУڲָȻһաˮδӯĭڣƽȡֻ±ֲ
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κǷӣ۶գһ£ڷɾĲ֮ϡ
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ÿÿɹġĳȣѡ
̧ͷо֮ɫ
۲輼ɹΪһ
ǣȻһЦ˵еεһ߸˧ķ緶ǡ
ȳֱͦͦе㰭ۡ
ޣ֮ҲɼƲΪޡ
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ɴѲһˤŪˮĽ
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ðɣ˵ǲᣬǻˡ
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Լ˵㹻ˡ
ɹˣһӻȳ
һ·᲻֪
Ȼ֪ΪҲҪˮ

ͷЦ롣
ǲ˽ǼĽڣ
һڲԵڲǵټң᲻֪һ·
ֻ·ˡ
ֻͨ˵ùײˣ˶ѡ
ţκüͷʲô˼
ɲλʮܾ꣬Ⱥ䡢鳰ŪԼ˵
ǸˣֻҪһĽְˣ
˵κһš˵
ԣƶ֪ӣǲᱳүġ
ǣֲʷ֮һҳӵĶŶ
ԣֻѡ·һס

κһĬȻô˵ҲǸ
ϧһӢȴһѲĶӣֲ̯ǡ
ˡ
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ɹ˼ͨƽ⣿
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ôȻһϵҷԲûȽʲô񣬵Ҳ԰
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Լ߻㣬߶ĹԱƣߣǵ¶
˵һһЩµĿʼߡ
ֲҲߣǣ̧ۿֲһҪߵ˼ûУֲе㻭߻ǲ߰ȻˣǴ绹
ֲ֪ϼֲߣΪģΪ档
ϼֲӲӲģٲЩ¶Ҳġ
ǣȹʼʩὲͲȴһ㶼á
˵ˣȿǿΪӪƽ԰ѵڳϰѺڵ˵ǰ׵ģǣȴ޷ǿʩ
֮ѾǵһʱԴǸˣҪǷãøǿУǹټֱӰѽ͵ˣ
Ǿ仰жʲô³̣ʲôȻҪǣʵҲûôҪ
Ϊʩ˻Щˣҵ˵ϵİٹ٣ȴҲҲ˴ڵĵطٺͺ塣
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΢΢ۿȣʮĶֱ֣գϼȻ˵˽⡣ֻƷӵĺУƣʵϡ
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ĬޱؿԼһߣ
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Դ֮У
˵ˣͼֲ뷨һ϶治ʲô
νƷӣǮһѺ֣ˣСҲǼ졣ǣ֮Ǹ׳գΪ֮ڣǵСһ
ȵеһе˶ȴйԱΪС
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ûУûУûУֵܰԴҡˡ
˽ɱȺ̫ˣҪҲô棬˵꣬һ군ˡ



һ֣Ǵΰĵͼ
ûзûм۸񷨵ĴΣչҵ۹ЩνĸҴ壬ֱ̫ˡ
ѹһÿʯԭ۵֮һһԳϱꡭ
Ҫľһ㣬ڰнνĴ壬͵ýҲ
κȳֵܣɨӴ
һĳɵ˰벽ȵһ
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ֻǵȻһЦǣ
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ϼһ˿
ǰԼҲھУڵĺɹ磬ǶôĿЦơ
ǰӺƣ˶ڹעʱ裬ʱͱ죬ȴ˭Ҳû⵽ڷӵı֮£ѾһѾÿһ˵ͷϡ
ϼЦЦԼЦЦκ˵棬浽뼯ֹ֮¡
ϼޣԼãվƷӶϵǣʱͬ
ǣгı飬ϼϢ΢ң˲Цһգգضȡ
һָоܾȻкУиӾ׵Ķˡ
ȫԼһڣһˡ
Щڴ뿴Ķֵ׸ʲôز
ο壬Լһ㶼ԩ

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岩ǰһ޲óԼ͡
ôû뵽أ編ֵôףȫûбҪŲȥ˭Ҳûжõ顣
Ψϼ֣ǵͷϾץסĹؼ̲סʳ
νϢ弸Σ
һϼʵģʹǶͷҲ̲סȥһ͵
ֱܵͣԡũϢʮȡһ̴ʮȡһҡ
ңһΪһΪ壬һΪʮꡢꡢʮ껹壡


ֲԣԴ˵һˡ
ⲻ⣬ǻ⡣
ĵطȲ˵ֵֻʮݣֻҪ̰³һʵʩʮݵ
ѣջ˻ѡô͵Ϣֿɷ껹壬һũǾԸġ
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ζţʮݵѼ沢ԽԽĵ軧أҪֵˡ
⻹꣬ˣĹԽǮũͬʱŴ۵ĶȨ
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һֻҪ룬̧ߵؼסضֻؿʧصũС
һƣҪȫʵʩʲô壿ûصĸ壬ʲôأ

ŵŵĺãȻ֪֪Եˣֲһ˿֮ġ
ǵùײˡ
ҪȰѽóУ˾һʱ벻Ҳͨ͸ȻعζƴҲð¶ˣʱȾеĺΪС
ϧƷѡһǧѷʱһط衭
Ǿ϶ҲԲǻ
ɱϼڲףɱ
ݵĺ³ţ˭ҷԣ
˭ҷԣһĵͽ˭ļң˭Ͳ˥
ȣֲһ̾ʮ꣬Ĳԩ
买֣ʩһ񣬡ܽˡ
˵꣬󲽳ߡ
Ѿûˣʶһʡ

ĿͼֲﻹеĪ
ϻܵӽ̣


804 
Ǽֲһεٳã޷뿪ʱļΪҫҲûԵ¸ʱĺҡ
ôˣΪͱģֻ϶ǽйŭ

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֪ǰ˶һ֣֪֮͵ġһŭԴΡλʵζʲô
ʱҲһ㶼ɣһ巵ﵽ׻ʲôΣһҪӦ֮
ûһ̬ٷǸʵ۽ƶ֮֮ɱ֮価ɡ
ڲٱԹ̫һζˣʱƣӦ

ֻһ룬ҲңۼܾѶ԰һӣͶˡ
̧ۿ١ǲлҪ˵
̫ʵǷһӶûʵ־ɱѪɺˡ
ɶ֣лҪ˵ǣ˵벻˵ʲôأֻܼ壬ıˡ
ū
ԣ۾һգգضһлңѾµҪ˵ʲô
˵޲ӦðƵȥԲԣ
ǻͻģյϲ۳ɰܣǸͻ飬󡣡
Թޣǲԣ

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¼Ȼʲôף˵Ҳ֪Ƿգֺαأ
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ǱºˣūĿıΣ
㡭
һ㵣̫һͶһƢûС
ֻǲôģūţôԶ
ȻһЦӻȴʧҡͷֱĳһ䣬ñʧˡ
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˵󲻾Ļð˱£𷣡
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֮²ͻ飬˶ԣǸȻȢ¡һ㣬±ūӺƸɵó

ĬȻ䲻ϣ˵һ㶼ûҲ˵ͻֻһƣҪЮȡ
㵽˵ʲô
ƽؿʵūһ仰һֱֻǱ˼ǰ󣬻㾡ȴƫƫûūл仰˵ڡ

ūҪ˵ǣҪ⹫ˣǲִӤ
Ͼ֮ңȽٴˡ
˵ζؿūҪ˵Ľ˶ѣûбôӡ


漴
㡭
ЦԴһūѹеϢһ磬ûʹһ丣ɻãûеӤһӱĺӡ
ū֪ΪʲôͻȻ˼ɵױôĮūȴ֪˵ɫ죬Ŀ֮һƬ
ūȴ֪ⲻū̷һӵʥˣǸ˫ȶµʥˡ
ҲǷ̣һ˵޵ݣ⻹ǵһΡ
Ȼǣǻʵ۰
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¶ɣλ˳ڲݼ˲ǡ
Ӻֻ޼ɵԭ򡣡
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ʱӦ·ȴпΪˮһ̶Ӫ̻Ҳһˡ
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ԣֻһأȴѼСˡ
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˵
ľãӺ乫𣿻Ǿڣ

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ųģǳԽһ͡нľûʲôǲ˵ˡ
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ľͷ񲡢ֱײذûˣ
ľһݣ׶һ룿
±ūӺƴһоͯߵ죬Ƿ費ɾ͵ġ
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ǡ
ΪʲôΪʲôһ˾ѧǵĴ֮ƫƫµĹϵԵɣ˱Ťأ
Ϊʲô૳
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Ϊں
´ʱп޴йֻܽ壬һԼûƵġͻ顯֮ɣһ̫߿ࡣ
ҲΪںΪûһ𣿡

һԶԡ
ǿǿǾǳֻǸӣҲֻǳӣ
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Ϊӣ²罫ţ
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Ϊӣ¸һ֮ոƣǸ£
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ʱìǰǸӵȺǸȨȲϽ档
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ⲻһڳӦ۵飡
¡
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㣡Ť
㡭

ѾʧȥǵͷһϷʵ뷨
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Ȼ˿⣬ʱˣҲϳˡ
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˳ĿҲſڣֻͷһ֮ǰ֮ŭ˲Σݴͣ૳
㡭˰

⣬Ӧ巵ϵӳĽ
ԭƽҲݻŭ巵й׼õĻʱҲǲ֪˦ĶȥˣԾһ
ˣ׷֮һǰˡ
ûֻǵػصˡ
һִ٣ͻȻͨҲףϻʵûһ׼
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ˡ
ȴķƵҲĲɡ
˵꣬ϻʵѿڶ
ʯй鸽֮ģ֪ġ
ûĶע

˵֮ԼסˣôͻȻðôһ䣬̫ļˡ
΢񣬲֪νӻˣʱһ
Ŷˣи̾ǰһԲӺδ巵ϵģ
ԶԡæӦ˵
޲ɣ°巵ϵϸһһԼйҵĹ
ţϵ޴뵽ƽ
Ƚ꣬ǻعһЦ
ԹԭҪĹģ

ˡ
ʱĴ㵣Ҳƽ
ʩׯжȡ

ͻģ

һ
صͷʹˣ³ǻƵգ޻ּ¼ޣ
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ܰġ
ûΪǳӡ

ĵǡ
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к
к
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к
ָǰã
޾һĳ㣬С
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С쵰޸㽲һ¡
𣿡


805 
ɿ֪޵ĸ̫ܲ󣿡
ֱ⣬ᵽһеͷԵ
̫ܲ󣿡ؿŤ
λ̫ܲȻ֪ġ
Ժ㣬ǰһλʺ»ʺϣ»ʺϣо׻ʺϡ
Ժְȵ۵׷Ϊ̫󡣷ֱԭ׷Ϊ»ݻ̫׷Ϊ̫ܲ
ʱ˵Ҫһ£ᵽ̫ܲԴʶظֳ֡
è̫ӣ

ʯĻС˵塷ŶΣںν˲֪˲
ǣʱڣڼı԰ƤèӤ漴乬
λּݿϷװ;УԩΪƽԩӭĹ¡
УǸ˶ۣݵֱ˺ӣ乬ĿǴʱе̫ܲ
ȻˣС˵Ķ䶼Ƕ׫ģмֻĵ
ǣʵûС˵дè̫ôȴԶȰƤèӵĻĵ

ҲǺ̫ܲȷˣҲȷʵ˶˺ӡӵǸҲȷʵΪ׻̫󡪡
ңĶӺҲȷʵ˻ʵۣҲڵ
ֻʵʷеûȵĸϾˡңʱ򻹲
Ҫ֪巡ϵ˼ǡǡӣ߹޶
ԣԵġɲһӣ֮סʱûϻʺأƷߣ˵ģ
ĵ죬Ŵġο֮ǰϼȲҲɡǰֻǣҲ˳ݣꡣ
ʱݶûУֻеһŮԺȥ˳СŮ

Ժ϶ǳɵˣһǹУǸк
Ժһ˴ϳؾٺ˸ŮΪˡ
кҲǺ
ʱѾ޿Ժһֲ߻£ԼУԼ»ݻ̫һͬˡ
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׵Сʺ߳ҲһֱΪʺԼĸ
ٺԺڵõɡˣ꼴λ̫ȨС˽ɣ֮Īᣬ֮ԡ
ȫ¶֪ʵ۵ĸ̫󣬿Ψһ˱ڹ
ֱʮҲˣ˸Ҹ̫ĸϱ̫򷢵ȥȵȥˣһǰˡ
Ѫ˰ɣ
¶ҪʵʵʷŵС˵ñ߼ͨ
ȣԺ޻˲ܸɳôе¶ϸ˶ӣͷ˸ؾ
⵹⣬ӱģȻ̧̫ܰߡ
ôҲУƨɲɾ
ýźҲ֪Ҫ֪̫Լ裬һŰԼ裬軹š
ǺҪͣ˲Ź֡
ƫƫԺ㵽ҲûԺ˼ҵĹ⣬ȴݲ󻼡

ҲǸˣԺһȨһ־ҪŮ˾ȻҲӲ⡣
ʱѾסˣ֪࣬£ɱϾ²ߡ
ǣ̫Ȼûѡ²ߣѡ˸֮ߡ
Ϊ˲ĸԶ뾩ʦȥȵꡣ
ֽŰʵ֪ǲ㣿һҺ˻к𣿱ض⵽㡣
ǣҲ֪̫˽̫ƲľһֱϡֱǰŰοԵط
滹иѪġ
һȻ֪ԭ﹬˶ʮꡣһŭɾΧң֮ơ
ǣĹһˮʬߵĿͦ顣
Ҳͦ˼Ժ֮硣
ȻһӾʹ˰չ˲ûá
ҲڴΰҲ̯ôȱΪĻʵۣҪ㻻ĸɱͷйĸ֮ߣ
ʷжһζ²ۣôûè̫߼أ


˳еġ̫ܲ󡱼֣¶һ飬е벻ˣ
ôܣ趼ң֮Ѱ
˵ʲô
޵ĸ̫ܲ飬Ӧ֪һɣ
֪
˵ͷ͵ĵԲ˫Ŀ
֪̫֮˭¸޵𣿡
⡭֧Ὺ
ȷʵ֪˭һʱֲ֪ˡ
֪ΪΣʱħϵôһ˲侹Ȼֱӡ
ı飿зŭп޾İݣм֡¶

˭ܣ汾汾ͬãͬɵء
һʷϼصģ֪ĸ
ʷӦֵһŵİɣ
ƨ
ΣѴγҰ飬Ҳûһŵ
һһ̫ԵѣҲԵ¸յĶ磬Ѿ˰ʮˡңҲûأǴ黭λڸ׷ġ
һٶʮӣжʮ棬ıĳܣ
ԣڶ˵֪Ҫһ㣬紫˵»̫ġ
Ҳͬãһͬߵࡣ
ĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳ˵Ĺȥ̫һƴȨ»̫ڳǰ֪Ա
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807 ӳ
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ǣԴҲûƣת뵽ȣɿһ̾ɥҡͷ
ն񰡣岩治תʱһ˵ĵӺƻͻʵ̸ʲô壿ֱ
侲˼֮в̣ҲϡȳӻԳһ·
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808 ̱ѹ
岩ڸĥ˰죬ĥߡ
ǰ̶е㿴ȥˣ๫ֲߣֲһᣬ̲ס˾죺
๫ǻҪټһ飿
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Ҳͷۣôûһ̰
ҡͷӡҪɽ

ϼһʱסǰͻȻֳʯȫűȿ޻ѿЦ
˵λҲǹùġ

ɽš
ʯȫɽǰվдһֻҪƷӲ¶ͲѰ졣
ããӰ
Ժһۣ˵ڿʼӾվˡ
һҪ
ɫڲڣ˵еѾǻϳš
ԶһɽӰǸڡ𣿣
ҵظඣ
ʯȫ©һģˡ
λүҪҪɽ˵øӣΪ
ſ˫ӭȾͱ˹ȥ

²ɣ²ɰ

ӶǷţɽţسŵģʯȫʯȫģ
ȥİɣһɽžкȥ
ʯȫ⧲һȵĴЬӡǰء
žͷ˳ȥ˳ɽƺ«һ¹ǽһҰ
ɽǰŻʹȡ
Ѿȥˡ
һڽʿһΧ˹ְ˽ŵİʯȫ
ô
ʯȫһһߴ𣺡׷ץ
⡭ڽʿһ㵡
桭׷
ʯȫԴ˵һըˣ˵˰˱Ѫùôôһ˲
ػڽšš
˾УĶĶ
žʹһڽʿ׷ȣ˽֡
ɽϣʱֳһĻ
Ʒӣһǰܡ
һӽں׷֪Ǵη֪Ϊץǿء

ãûʯȫ׷̫Զ
һеس嵽ǰֻŽա
ٶȲ۾ͫһ͵һϣ
ѣ
Ŵ󿪣ھӳ
տĻҡ
ϵů紵룬ɴ⡭
̧¥ֻ֮һҶҲûĨ졣
󡭡
ȥ
¥ա
ɪ谵
ãȻ޴룬ŷȻ䡭
¶ֽһǡƮС

Ӻ
檣ūϡ

үūūˡ



810 İƤҲѹ
ү
ūūˡ
үūūһϯ֮أǾūū˰ɣֻūūûǸְүң

ҼɽģɽҡӦǡ

ү״ʣūūÿնҪóһдá
ǣūūԼԼӦǡֺүūūġأ
Щһˣûͷ
Щһ£ת御
үʶūū컯׹糾ָΪĿҲūū컯
ūū컯ֲò컯Ϊ
ūū޴ѡ
ūū룬ҪūūūҪǼװǵùסūūֻүߵһСŮˣҸҲ֣Ǹöð
ǡ
ܡ
ĸףһ˼
ӺƵŮˣҲǸжĵЫ֮ˣ
ūūֻΪԼš
ūūãūūΨһΪ֮飬ܾԶԶİɣ
˼Ψһ֮
үԭūṵ̄ģūūԶסүүߣġԭα¶
ˣүת

ǸŮˣ


Ůˣ
ɵ
ȵȷӦ̲סȥ¥յ
浱Ƕ壬ʲô֪𣡣
αأ
αأ
αء
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Ҷ֪
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ߵġ

ʯȫһڱſڲҽʱ˭Ҵȵùͷ
һҲǷֹ˵զˣеļƣūۼʧƣˣ
ôɣ
ʱŽҲ׷˹ƿߣͺ޲óԼ͡
ңң
ʰĳūҹˡ
һ¶һ¶˵˵ôͰˣ
˵ɫɷףݰݣּæȰżż
Ѿȥ׷ˣ
İɣˮ·ǹˣҾ͸һ
ȼϵŷ⣬ֱӣҡͷ
ĸ򣿡

Ǿ͡׷ˡ
Žһʱûɶɶ˼
׷ˣūôˣ
ֻľȻֵ׷Ҳô
йŰɣ
侲һ룬ҲãԼҲʲô¡
Ժ˵ɣ
һţǳһŵߣԺ˵ɡ
ǸŮľǿļ֡
ġ
Ų¡


ūĳߣһն᲻񣬶Լôˡ
ڴΣںǡ顱
ǣڡ顱֮һ棬ȴǸͷβʧߡ
飬ǰ飬ûбǰˡ

һߡ
пһƬݡ
ÿ糯һȻȲûи顣
֪ʱ򲻿ðֻܾȣҲʧˡ
κЩֻҪƨ¶޲ȥҧһڵؾ֮Ҳˡ
ǲϣʵûӲϡ
Ǹ̫ˣ˵һٻûǼȣʲô¶ɵó
Ψ岩һˣֱǶ꣬ôˣ

ʱ糯£๫һְ
й෶ƨɻûմӣӾİƤצӶˡ
ʣ岩ŭ
󵨣
󵨣б岩һۡ
𿴹ٶ岩СҲİƤʵ˾Ͳһ꣬治һס
һѰ岩ִһԣʲôʲôҾʹˣ
ȥȥϷæأ
㣡
İƤ
Խ
١ƢҲˡĿѻ˵ԽӺ˵𣡣
֪İƤʲôģҲúӣָһּ⣬ǽһԴǡ
ּϷְڣأ
岩һ۶¶û˵ʲôʲôУ
㣡ͷּ
Ǻ๫̫ܵ˰ɣ
ּʱʼҲҪʹ๫ˣ
㣡
岩ǰһڣûιȥ治ȥˣ
㡭ɷҲ
ŵͷߣҪҸϵȥ
ûˣ


İƤôҲ벻ףôҾǸԹȺڵĽɫȺ˵¶һϵôŪŪţӳżϻǸ

ڸϣȷʵ󵼣Ҳȷʵ˵˲˵Ļ
ǣ˵˾˵ˣôǸð˱ҩˣֳʲôĽж
Щ죬İƤ˵ϴһ˼Ҫڹ
ǵͷ̫һ֣ͷ÷ˡ
ּһĲףӾǸɵ棡

ʵվ岩˵Ľȵ⣬͹ϲûʲô
˶˽ģİƤΪԼǿҲ޿ɺǡ
Ľ֮ߣȿԱʥ⣬йټ»
ǻȰȿ²һӣҲǰϤ֮ٷų
ʱҲͲõȸˡ
ǣˡ
ȥȻ⶯˵Ҫǿǡ
ǡ
⼸İƤԽĥԽζԽĥԽľ
ôʧˣ
ټǿǿǣֻǵĽǵе㲻̫һ
ûİ

Ķأ
ͳڷ糯ȥǵּ档
νּǹټԹ͢ױگͨ£ֱӽйػִеּ⡣һ㶼ǽ񡢷ɣ߻ʼ
飬ֻҪʡǸ߸ʽˡ
ǴǵּҲǽּ⣬ؾĵڶϾ͵ʡһֻּǶѹ˼죬ŷ
ǵʲôּİƤôأ
ּдһλʼ
Իگʾ
ʼ죬̩ʥ¡죬ʢ
첷î¿ȻƵ֮ա
͵Ů¹ݣ¼
ʵҪŮˡ
ּһų岩ŲŹ֣
ȻʶȷʵҲȷȹڻɽˡȷһǣ֮Ҳȷʵ϶
ǡ
ǰŮǵּȴûջһֱڷѹء
î¿ȣҲ¸³
ʱĽʲôȣøϽŹ̻Ȣϱȥ
ʲôڹ˼ʲôһŭͷʲôôĽ׻
ҲͶô֮ˡ

Ŷ
Ķͦ߼
Źټһһ֣û
ֵľ춯أͲû׵ӽȥ쵶ӳˣ޸Ůʹˣֳѻˣ
š
Ͱһװȥˣ
岩оҲѹˡ
һӣ
һӣ
򲻵˸ӣ˳ֱӰˣ
һӽһӵ
˭û¶Լȵˡ

ʧǵĳ˸ְ̫˽ˣ£ر
ڵ˵ȲǱ󵼣⻰Ҫ䵽ǷӶ϶ǵøСЬġ
ǣĽ¶ٳǾͲǴСЬôˡ

İƤԽԽͷԽԽ䣬ɻ벻ףԼô͵һأ
Բˣһҧߣһȷľ
תΣֱӳŻɽȥˣ

ƷӼǳҲȳӲ
µҲˣģǸӰѻ˵ˡ
ھͳĿܲһУɹ硢Ƶģ𡭡
İƤҲһأܲ


๫˻ɽͼĽɽǰεţһǷɽǸӻ
ĸģģɱ֪ô¶Ϸһɵӣ
Ķ֪ס쿪ҪĽء
˶ʶ๫ɽҲûţֻһСУһɽͨ
ãİƤĲʣҲԸǾ첽ɽ
ֻߵԺǰ
һ̧ͷ˭·˵ãλǲ
ŵڵм˶ڣϡ
岩ʦ밲
·ģ岩ʦ︴
ͷһˮﻹ߬Ÿӡ
岩Ҳôޱؿ岩

岩еûţˡ
ʦǡ
㣡
ңư
Ŀ䵽︴ϡ
ʦá
㣡
๫˸ͷܡ
ȻôȴˣȣǼҲŹ


811 ô
岩ʮ꣬ʮ꼴ټҰΪ࣬⣿
굽ڣʮ꣬λ̩ɽ
ʮ꣬๫绽꣬Ȼҫ
ڳ֮ʱ˲ĸ
һߣ岩һ֮£֮ϣϣ
ǣİƤˣүȥҲ︴ĵӡ
ֻƾһ㣬ͷܰİƤˡʵˡ
ﵽɣ

ʱ岩ƵվڹԺǰü˳ۡԴүָűٺ
ʵĶ

ٰӵأ

㻹ʦ棡ײˣ
ҡ
٣Ҷ죡ү۾һɡŪʦ壬»ǲǾֵϷˣ
ǡ岩ǿס١
ʲô٣ǿ磡
ҡҡ︴ֶ֪Ķˡ
ھͽ
˵ŻҪ岩ס
㣡㻹Ҷ㣡

ãİƤЦõǶҶˡ
︴Ȼǡ
ʲô¶
ô࣬Ŀ֮£Ķţ
岩޲Ҹطȥˣʮֺܵݻ
֪ճ֮ʱǰĴһϷʳŪ
Ӵⲻ๫𣿡
յװܱ𣿡
İƤǲûţ˭ôôֻ侮ʯ
֮һ顣
ѭȥǸ˻˭ŰбأһļЦǽһϲɫ
岩һʱؿ󣺡ŵ㣿⡭ɺͳ
һ㲻мԹ֮䣬ʵΪĶ
︴һͲˣʲô̬ȣ³Թأ
˵Ϸɺͳղ㣬꣡
Ǳȵûʲôվֱӣķǰ
á
๫ңһҪȥ๫أ߰ɣ
ȥģ
˵Ż岩Χ
ǰӹ︴ӣЪЪǵ£Լ
︴Ȼ˳Ʒ֣ݺݵ岩һۣôԱ磬а䲻ףϷû꣡
ȿЦҡͷҲ︴ԣӽ岩Լ
룡
岩ӴӲϺҳӵһߣ︴񣬾͸ߡ
︴ĥĥüͷһšҲҪȥ
ǳˣŰ︴ϾȻȥЪŰɣ
Ϸ
ȸͷû취
ֵͰķŶɣһܹ컯֮ɱ˴أ
šţ
︴˰ĲŷӦȿˡ
ڵһ¾ͺˣ۾Ϸʲôģ㲻֣ϷҲֳͽ
˵꣬Ͳȥˡһͷȥˡ
岩е飬̫ġ
Ųµʦˣɣ
︴ͷûأ


ƼС¥
ʱֻʣ岩ˡ
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֪Ȳ̲شϡ
岩һĴȡʵϷ⣬Īǡ
û档
£
岩ʵĹǺû棿
ļٵģ
ûû棿
ԣû档
ô˵¡ҲǺޣ
Ǻޡ
岩ˣ㣬ǲ㰡˵ĸƵġ
²ᡭ
ɵؿȣ˵Ҳˣֱɡ
²ᱳ֣ļҲĺ󳾰ɣ
ᡣ
ۣ
岩һѪеֱ̫ˡ
⻹˵ǺޣСӣ
㣬ɲôɰ

һ˵û
Ȳߵһֹס岩ͷ
ľ䣿
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岩˵ⶼʲô뷨ӵң
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Цˡ
ΪʲôΨͷҲأ
Ϊʲôƽûһ˳ŵͷǸ˼˵أ
⡭
ʣʵİƤƿԡ
ôôشӱǴðɣȻͷöӦϻŶԡ
Ĳ
岩شˡ
๫Ĺ̫֮ˡ
ԣһŻһʱ俴١
ԣһͷϻ⡣붼ûתҸˣ
岩ʱĵһӦɲ֪ԻȣҲ˵ĳԼ
һͷٵ˼ԼԲ˵ġȲ
ƽȫȥ壬ġ
˵ˣƽͷҲ

һ䣬˵岩ƿԡ޵ݡ
岩
ºĪH֮һʶ
ҡͷһûһʶû𣿡
˵̲סЦˡ
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ԣҲ㡣
㻹
岩Ҳ˹ˣĵƯɶ˵ˡ
ĬԹޣ
㻹Ҫ˵Ϲ
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ǡ
ڹȴҪú˼һˡ
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һϣ岩޻˵еöࡣ
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԰ܣԭ
ƽ顢Ӽȡ˾⣬ֵΣ
ҲҲǡ
๫ɡ
š壬Ʊϴơ
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㣡
ȴһ岩ʱԲ۾ֻһɺӽŵװֱ꣬һֱǡ
˵ϣﲻȵ⣿
˽

Ӵ⣡
ǵģ岩ӣ粽á
㵱ʲô
ⲻĿ಻Ƶ;ŨһʣУûеԴ
Ǵγ֮֮
ݲðأݲĴ湦˽ˣ
ڿΪٵһͷң˭֪Ժ᲻Ϊһ֮˽ĸҵ
ǰһɫŵ岩
֪Ϊʲôʦӵ˶ݣʮȥˣʦơӡɲ֪ѣԾӵԾ𣿡
֪νϵĳ˾⡢ƽ顢ԡ򡭡
ǿʲôߵһ𣬿ʲôʿ忹𣡣

ȽŰѡֹൽ岩
һȺľΪͬһϣǰУ
һȺľƾһģһ׳ң
أ

岩ףȼ
֪ټΪʲôɱ𣡣
ҲΪҲΪһ
㵱˽ţ
ˣǡǡ෴Ϊûа˽ȫΪ󹫣ټҲ
βĲˣβҪ
ܰθµǸˣĪ
һ㣬ڻȨȹ̺Σ֮ѡ񡣡
ǡ
ѡ˺ߣѡ
ӹûһһ㣬ûһ˹
ǹټҵڣܻŵĸԭ򣡡
أ

ҡҲӺ˵ô
岩޿ɱ粵Ƕеί
ʮ꣬ټҲãҲգõľ岩ӹõľġӡ
ԼҲ˵˾͵öΡ
ŶΪвˣֻ˵ˣ
ô˳ǰ˳
Ӻô˵ʧʣ
ûǲ̫ƽǲò˵ǲǣ
⣡岩־ŭ֮
һʼ磬Ǿ֮ඡ
๫͵ϵù磬ӽ첻Ū㣬ټҲ÷һ֡
˵ţȺٺټЦټҲҲôҵ𣿡
ҡ
ټҷҵʱ๫Ҳ˵𣿡
㡭
岩ɫɷףﲻɸֳ֣



Ⱦôۿ粻岩޿ɱ
á
๫𣿡

£岩ش
ӺƵֶα¶£οϷ򣿡
ǺǡȸЦһ
¾Ͷˡ
ˣܺãһ
£
İƤûҭ
ţŷŷţ˭һ
ո˵ĸ¶Ƶģذ
ȻһЦôҷһ
㡭
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㡭ʲô˼
岩ûǸݶϣһƣٸ档Ǳ·ˡ
Ǻͼ
ԣȥЦ⣬¡
ⲻʲôͼ
Ǿ棡
๫סҹ˵Щ
´ΣΪңǱˣֻҪغĸҵǾͲô㡣˭๫Ӧ
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ǡǹټҡ
ǣҲǡȳȻһĬ
ټΪҪĸҡ
ңҲΪ˸ĸҪټ˵һЩ
֮϶޹أйء
Ĭ
ǰĬ
岩ʱȵԴ֮УЩȻˡ
ˣô֣ôͣʼһĬ޷ġ
磬һس涼ûͰϵ
磬ǹĪţһʼ֪ɱ
뵽岩̲סʵһϷҲ벻
ô֪һҪô֪²ҵԣĽ
ǺǺǡЦˡ
ǵԣ
ﶼԼǵСžţ´һʼ͸ˣɱҡ
򿴳ˣƹ㣬ǵͻּ
κҲˣŻôͣ¡
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㣬¼ȻɽȻĹ½ݱȨ
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ž
ȸ˵꣬岩ǱԲ˰ӣԼһӡ
Ϸˣ
İƤˣ
ҪɱȣȣôλӡŮԶެ⣿


812 ֿ
ȵȻֻΪһ¾Ͱ岩ͺǰ˻˵ȺţԹޣ
ʵǣ岩Ǹλϣûıáȣ벻Ϻꡣ
ȸһܰİƤ˵޵ݡʹǰǣӴƽһȻˡ
ֻǸ岩ѣ˵һ棬һв
İƤЩЩ
һʿϴƣ岩ǸλҪб˽ң̰ǱʲôκҪµöࡣ
ҲãҲգԸһһѶԸġ
֮ͷľƷӺͻʵ֮Ĭˡ
Ͷ֮ң֮ѡһҾˣĴ塣
Ծ֮ʮĬ޹أҲ¼޹ء
ԭǣǵķͬĿͬұĸá


ʱ
ŽĴԺȻ¡
˳Ƶ๫Ϊ֮ɣ
Ծڴˣ
岩Щʧǣһȭ
Ϸ򡭡ܽˡ
˵꣬תߡ
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岩Ѿߵſڣת£
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İƤĲɵһﻹ޶˶˵
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ö˶
ҪʲôŤֱȾͳ˹˵Ǻޣ׷𣡣
бһۡ
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赭дصһ¶Ұ£
岩ԣɣԾüͷչ
ʲô£
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һ˼ңͷ๫æշһ
£岩е㲻š
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ⲻ󣬶ǷԸȶ岩㣬ԴӦҲԲӦ
Σ㲻ӦҲôӦ
㡭
ûʲô㣡ҵ첻ȥõҲǶв㣬ֻͼ๫ˣ
ϣϵġ
岩ˣ̲סʳʲôͷӺôģ
ֻȻҡͷ๫Ժ֪ˡ
ðɣ˵ݶϣ岩ͷҲСϷԸȥţ˰ɣ
šһ֡Ǿл๫ˣ
岩һ֣˵
Ϸ򡭡
Ҫ˵ǡ岩ֶסˡ
ôһϣ岩Ƹոôʧ񣬵һ¶
ˣ
ڸֿܹܴ⡣

ȱѾͿˣ岩ͻȻôһ䣬˵￩һ
źۼúÿ岩һۡ
Ŷֿʲô⣿
岩ҡͷϷ򻹲֪ʲô⣬λ֤
϶⣡
κڹеĶĿ
ĬĬţѰԻ£ѾĲһڣ̧ͷ
Լã
岩յǰ¡
ϷҪĽӺƣʵҲطǷģֱһ
ԣüͷ΢΢һ塣
ոֻ˵ڸķ飬岩ЩߥҪĽʵǸ˶أû뵽岩Լˡ
ң˼ƫƫֿйء
ȻһЦԼһЩżϷʵ
๫ӻǲ̫ⰡǱ˭һ

岩󾽣ȷʵеͷ
ֿ
˵ţ岩ѵյϸϸһ顣
ʱ»˺һͬҲɢȥϷڵ˵˻һʱѽߵЩ
ȴֿǰʹϷֳǸĽ⡭
ðգ岩ҲԼ֪⡣
Ӻ룬һڳڸܹ̫֮࣬ӣȥ˰ɣ
ңֿȻʲôû˵ȴʲô˵ˣǡôذϷƵһ
ߣϸϸĥֿǲ̫ˣ
겻ʮ꣬ҲŲʮ꣬Ѿ˴ڸܹܣǲе̫ˣ
ȵТҲʮ꣬ҲѾǴܹ𣿡
һ岩ŷТӣٵաǹټң٣Ǽġ
ֿϷ֪ǰǰܹʸϻʱ򣬴·ϼ񵽣ټ빬ġҲʵһЩʶչһТȣ
Ҫûдﰵôô죿

˵岩ʵѾ˵ĺˡ
һĿ죬ûɽĴְ̫࣬ʹֶΣ岩ȥӺȡ
ô˭⵹ȣһС̫͵ܹλأ
κ롣


岩ȫ˵꣬ȶŲ﷢
岩ôһ˵ֿȷʵ⡣
ңĶ죬Ⱦ֪⣬֪⡣
ǣƫƫֿе֮У뵽Ǹ
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岩۾һӺôô˵ϷɲжΣֿ⣡
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Щ£ȥ˾͹ȥˣѵúͿ๫𣿡
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岩סոǼȶûõ֣ȴˡ󡱡
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813 ÿ
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γǧٿ׵ϵ۹ʱ˿һߵ֮ʱûо˼볼ӵǷǺϣܲΪһĻʵ߾Ӵλ֮ںġ
ÿһ˶ڿԼÿһ˶ı
ƻƵһͬƵķʽ֣ƲҵһȨϷȴĳҴݲճ
ⲻЩпĹеǰһ¶⡢־ɳǡ
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û๫ǴεɣΣ䨡︴Ҳһ塣
мӵģҪŵģôΪ˻·Σأ
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ǣҪȥǸطݣƧҪʲôûʲô⼸λϻƺ޲ðǶảȥ
ֻ͹⶯ԸɤӾˣ룬Щְ¶ĵæʲôɣ
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Сͷԣ󵽻鴲¹񣬴ӹͰֽ鱦ֻҪүõģֻȲ
˵ʲô˴ͣﱸȢҪϸ֮ҪүͷеģôУ
ֻ԰ǿ϶æģǺŮȫԱ
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ҲȲ֪ҪʦɩɩǸ׼˶ٶǵðӵɳɡװʮҴ󴬵Ķ
֪Ȣޣ֪ĻΪƷҪݿأ
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814 
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ȻǹӵĹùãһ˴δı棻۴λãǡսˮƽϼֶʮĳС
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ǣô˵߼ǿ͡ң㿴ӵӣֹҲܲ
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֮ʶ֮Ŀ̾硣ܽµѣʵĸݡ
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ֹ֪ȴ򽻵ֱֱȥȽϺãԲżɽûкƤ蹼ӵʽ顣
һѽȻ治һ
˵˵蹼֮Ͳˣô谡ողΪչż
ⶫƲģʲôȲܲǹһϵ
Ǽֹϴĵطϲ˵ۣʵʲô˵ˣˡ

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ԼҲʲôûɣ̫̫ˡ
Դһȣ˵
²Ӧ֮룬
УæصͷϽεĳ档

ܼ֮룬ض



˵꣬ô͸Ⱥˡ
ֻոջ涵Ĺ̫̫ʱüĿЦ
泤ʶˣͷһؼ˿ЦЦôõġ
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һ˵˹ˣ͡䨶һͣɲǼ䣬оⱬ䡢ݿɲ

ү
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˵ʵոռֹ˵󡱣һ׼
ʱ䣬Ⱥ͹ټ֮䳳˷ţּŮ־磬Ψһϴ¶ģǼ¶ˡ
үȻؾ֮Ͳϳˣһ˼š
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ǻ˵үѾˣֹϻʲôȷżүһǰӣȵ˵طһҹĲͣ
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ҡšôӾһ̫̫Ҫе˰
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Ⱦãǳ󻧰Ҫӵؼȥ˵飬׼Ѻ߶ķˡ
ʱֹһ˵һ߿ޣǽһˣ
ҼүǸˣ׼˵˭ҲȰˡ
ڣһ˼ڸеһȥү
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ܵģܵģ
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ǣʱȾȻûһ̫̫ûһʹĿС
ڸոռֹϵ֮У֮ǰ޴ģϼֵĹ֪ϼԭôһ桭
ֲǼ鳼רŸƻİʯǸŧġһš
֪ϼ־Ҳĵߣϼ־ҲСҡһ棬ҲС
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˵ﻰȿʼе㾴ϼֶ֡Ե˵ľ塣
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ģͿͣ
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ǿֹϳţֻʣ뷶λʦҲһӳ
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ΪӵַŹϼһΣһȻһҪҲûпܡ
һ򲽣ȥ̸ֲֵֻ档
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ʱȵĲƴڻҲװԼ˼ЦŸԷ͵
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ǿãҲˡ
㻹ǱǿˡƲϣ¿ϲĽ
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815 Ҳй
˵ﻰһеɵˡ
ʦ
͵ȻǣôΪʦûǸ
һӡǡ
˵ǣȴ²ֹۣжĶеɥĲˡ

ֲڷͣǺȫͬ¶
Щ꣬ϼʱʱȳ۶ӣûʹ
ǣϼִȴûռˣһ·ѹȵĿжڳޡ
ǱʶȲǻʮֵĺ⡣
ңҪַԣͷǡһġʵ1VS9
׽ӿҵ޽ڻڶ桭Ҳôġ
ǣڷʦȴһ¶ˡ
ֲɵֶΣһı˷͵룬ͬʱҲ˷͵ǰ;һһҪ˷͵
ٺͻؾͬǼֲϴٰ㹹ݡǷ;ˣԶٳ³Σ˭Ҳ˵
˵ıʩչֻܼľȫǰݼֲͣ
޵֮ĶԹһ䡰һЦ𡱾ͿԻġ
ڷʦ˵ʲôȻֻ̬ȡ
ʦģȵñ̬ˡ
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ʲôӣΪʦﻹʲôӿԣ

һ͵Ҳɴ࣬Ȼһָ
Լ涨ϼҴ塣
лǡ򡯡
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һһ֮䣬Ȼڱʿ屧ŶԿӪ֮һŲֵӣڳаһ
˵ֲһ䡣
ˮȻҲ֮ͬǣӳãжԱӰ˵һҷԴĹңûͼֲôз֮Ტ۵ġ
Ϸ򲻹벻ȼڹڳȡ
˽Թ޹أҹйأ

һۣ˵ò˵ôȻͲһ˽˵棿
ǣϾǼֲʦ
ڶ
͸˵꣬ڶָ
ϷûӮֺԹ
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ٶˣ˴Ӿ쵽ִ쵽ݡҪǲ˼һѣ˸ˡ
ֻͶȵĹ⣬¶һȻ飬վΣһ
ۿڣǿɼĽϷû䣡
ΪϷˡ
ҽ̳һͽܣȴûС
~~
̲ס˶㣬ղŻһʥƵġ
ʦǿأǿԼأ
㿴Ϸڿ𣿡
ãһգ۵ĹǹΪϲĳƨˡ
Ҳˣ˰죬Լ˽ƽϵǸ
һתʱװһεı顣
ʦȰЩһհɡ
һšüͷô
һ̯֣ʩ˼첻飬ǻ¶ء
ҾȣҲþȵ˲а
ʦҲ룬Ҿǲɱܣ

ϼķʽԼһĽ
빶һַܻҪʩʴȣ
£ȡͿǻǴ塣
ǻֲĽǶȣǾǽ̵
ôܽܣ
ͳ˼ȷʵǸ⡭

һĴȣӲɵǱбһϣ
˵ô壬ô˼ϸ壬Ӧ֪׵ĵɣ

͵ͷۺ룬üͷ弸չ
ֻС
ۿҪǸѾ˵һˣɷүһ̧ͷż黬ĻʱӦ
СӣΪʦ㶼ƣ
ٺ١ٺٺ١
ۿʦʶƣȴһ㶼ΣƤǰȥ
ҾȲˣܾȣҳ治ʣʵ𣡡
Σ۾һԸһ˦䡣
С쵰һӻˮʹʲôоȲһðҲܰȥ
ͷϷ򣿡
˵꣬ʦһ°ͣתˡ
߰
׷üϸȥϼֱΰ
ס˵䣬үѾСԺˡ
ѽ
ҲǿЦãָȵıӹ
ԽԽûûСˣ
˵ŻҲֳƼСԺ
վ˰죬һŶıͷۡ
϶Ҳͣ㣡


գȵǰѼֲʱŵһߣǳʹ֮С
ӣҲᵽʲôС⽨Ŷ
ôɷëǧ꣬ʱ˾
Ҳѧǡʥ
Ǵʱ˿̣޶һ뷨
ʥʲô塢ѧߡѧңӦǸѧҡڹͷ
һ仰˶GDPִ˶Ʒá
µ˺ѧ˥ڵĶѾִӵĲ˵ʱҲɼͦźļֵۡ


ּ֮գֻʣ졣
ͬʱҲζţ֮Ƚٴ뾩۷ݡ
һ磬ȳ˹һͬǡ
ĿҪǰټһ档
ǲ
ڷͣȥݿɲšͷһ´ȷֵ𣬱ְȻȥ
ŷ͵ıӰһ֣ףʦ쿪ʤ
ߣ
ȥذ

ʦָ߶߷˰

գ͹
˵ŻسŻʹķһСܶ
·ʦһ⣬е۶˦

ͿǸС˵־Ļ࣬ǰֱġ
ĵϷһӢñС쵰ˣôԴһȴӦأ
̫ѨˣԺֵһЩȴҲûʲôˡ
̾һ׼򣬻ȥ
Ӵ֣һֱߵˮһŴԺүͣ
ټġָ֣˿˰Ҳûǰ
ָŷĲһûϳǷ๫վſڲҲߣĵǰһʡ
λɣˣ
ع
ȷʵˡ
񽥽ᶨһͦ
ȥͨ˵ãһ裡
Сһ£ûϡ
˭˭
ûͣǼ๫ͷ๫ĶԹԹȴ֪֮ꡣ
Ҫ˵ָӭӵķÿ͡
͵Ӧͷɣ


ͬʱѾվ˸С
ɫȴҲû´ʱģƵ
Ĺ֮Уһһһ͡
˴ӽŵð
Т亹ˣڻʹҲСʮˣûʵ۵ɫزû˵жôĿ£
뿪ڰԾһݡ
ȥɡ
ޱϲŭһԸТ˻ȥ
ǡ
ӦУԲˡ
ѵŹϡ
ǡ
С⣬ҪţڸֿܹͶŲҪڴ
θһȣ
Ҳ£
ֿһһ֣̿һʱ֮侹ּТק˳ȥ
Źϣֿûûζ
⡭
ʲôⰡТصֿһۣɨһĲ̡ʱ㻹ʲô谡
˵ˣСҲһܹܴΪ
ֻֿⲻǲµ治ͣС𣿡
һۣû뵽ϻػס
Тصֿһۡ
һܹܣһܹܣȴûʲô¼ķֱ
˼ͬʱ빬ͬʱ̹ټҡһǰܹܾټһܹܵӣһͬ󣬹ϵܡ
ϣҵִٰ
Тֽһɳİɣ裿͵ӾͲඣ
ֿһӣе¡
ǻŰɣһٳʲô¶


ڡ
ɲԣȴƳĬ
ܣִһϻ֮ȡһ۶ǰ˻ȥ
ȾôؿţЩۣȴΡ
Щ£νԴ
ȨϷ֮УǺڰ׵ߵεķ򣬹ֻ⹷յȨÿһ˵ˡ


ƣĳһһݣƵһߵϡ
Ǽ֪ݵּ⡣
ּ޸ˣܴܲߣȴҪԼˡ
ڶݡ
׿빫ͬĴͻּ
֮ǰֻּйûɸ;׿ֻּһ£޲Ȣβ䵽ʵ
Էˡ
˵꣬ԳһЦʲôĵأ
˵ŻԳҡͷ
һ۶Ƶǰ
㲻һ̺ϵĿ
̧ۿȣ֮ǰ͵ݣ㶼ûڿˡ
Ϊ˵ĶԣĹԺ󡭡ٲ֡

ʼδһԡ
ǰ̽һʥּ˲ᡭȴϾҪ֮ʱһֻ档
̧ͷƣݵԵȻ޴棬ȡ֮ģһɲŤߺ޵
Ӧޣ
Ҫٻ
޲ټ㣡
˵䣬ѣһΣɣϴϻ䡣
ذ˰֣ĿѾϡ
߰ɡ
Ƚã̽һʵΡת
һĻλ
ۣ𣿡
Цˡ
ȻǱԼȵЦ֪Цˣ
ֻȳƵڵ
Ҳһ졭
Ļˡ
ǺҲ
һ¡
˵꣬ȴ󲽳ȥûаֳɡ


816 һŮ˵Ĺ

ʧķظš

͵֧Σ׷򻺻պϵĵţƤͣڰ֮УҪץסʲô
ϧĴ֮УΡΡֻʣޡ

ţˡ
վû׷ȥ
ŵһߣҲͣ½ŲãȻľĵű龰Ҳˡ


վ˺þá
Тⲻɵỽ¡
ūɣ
һ㶣ŷ֣Тֿվ˰ˡ
ȲТĻͷʰ飬ֿ
λʡִٰܹܴɣ
ȻТֻûش
ǡ
ֿҲһ˦һ
ūֿ¡
š
ȵͷؿֿһۣС
֮߳󣬲ŶТ˵һʮĻ
ȥæɣܹͱһ̱ɡ
⡭
Тһʱͷԡ˵ǳĳֿʶʲô
ͷһɵļƣѾ߳ˣТҲ޷ֻֿ㡭

ֿȻȵҲʮֵ⣬ԥĻظȥ
ҲλĬĬظš
ʯ̾͵Ĺȵ֮ϣһүһܹܴ࣬ߵĲеȴҲչ졣
ִǷݽϰɣ
ȴ˳Ĭ
ֿһ飬̧ͷؿȡ
ǡ
ֿңȻһЦţûĵϸ
ǡֿȻԵظЦ
˵ﻰū澲ǹ֮һ΢֮ˣǵõעĿū澵ĸˡ
һˣ
ЦֻǰĿ֮ȴм׷䡣
ûʲôֻһλҲǽˡ
Դлҳֿ̬ɣͣԭˡ
˽ܵ飬ƣ֮ڣе岩๫ԳԽݡ
ūĹڳ֮ˡ
Цȣ֪λλʿū澿Ե֪
仰ҪǷƽʱǾһ顣
ֿᵽһֿ˭͵˵ǼϣԵȻҪһ
ΪȹΪͨʲôܰ죬òˡ
Ҫ֪һڸܹܵĹգԶ֪жļֵ
ϧȽȻʲôԵġ
ֿһǹ˭Ⱥúõؿֿһۣͣ½Ų
ˣҲ֡
֡ӡٿϵã

ӊһոջ̸Цжȵֿɫ䣬ɫ
һֵؿȣ촽Ѿˡ
֣ӊ֧ܵӦСԭԭǸŮӣ
ȻŮӡȷ·ûֿ飬Цɡ
Ůӿɲһ㣬ûȤĹ£
⡭
ȲػȥЦ⣬鿪ʼԴƵɤԹԵİһΪ֪Ĺ渵
ʶһŮӣλӊ
ľߴϣȺùŷָΪȡġףԸһеݵ
ֻϧ˲Ϊָҡ
ӊãκһ˴լӣΪʹָ𺣡
ּʧ˶Ѹ˥ܡĸֻôĶӣ֮еСӊصݽݵϼͶסǲۣصݽһ꣬ĸʧˮжһ˫¶ֻü£Ϊ
꣬ӊĸ类ϻ硢;ݵĴ̫Уټ빬˴֮еһСŶ
ͬһֻ꣬ӊ常ţշת俪⡣
˵ζĿֿ
پãӊҲң

ֿǰϸܲͷҿȵ۾
֧ҡҡ
һ㶼ң
شǳϡ
ʵָκĸӊѾע
ָڴĸ׹СӊȻᱻշת뾩Ȼ빬̫࣡
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ΪΪʲô
յֿĶߡ
ΪáκԵף
ֿһ£žһиӦءĨһʪ͸ĶͷⶼĶģЩʼҰԣΪš
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ȸЦһҲ˵㲻ţٱ¶ۣĹ»ûꡣ
¶׷˼ĿԶ
һμӊһŻ𡭡
Ȳҿ֮á
ǣһ״ʸҼɽģɽӦǡ
˵ȸӵֶ֮һ˿⡣
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ôʣ
Գʡ
ǡǡ׺ôʴеʹĶΣ
֮һ˿ɫ૵Ҫû״ʡܻᰲһϸҡʹ˰ɣ
ֿǿӵ¹桭治ˣһ״ʾͿأ
һ֣Զˣ˵
֮ӊһĿꡣ
˽ˣӺ˵ġ
ϧһˡҲܰȴϵˡ
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˱Ĺ⣬˳Ǳȥʱ˶ϲκڿϲ
Ψֻп־壬ֻã
ƽֿ˵⣬ʴһ䣬Ķӽ֮ʱʲô飿

ֿʱѾ˵
Ȱѻ˵ݶϣﻹ֪ǰѾʲô֪ˡ
ӊ
Ǹֶѵϸ輿ãǸʮͱʾټ빬ĸ磬Լ

ֿƿԣ״ɸ
Ҳû𣬼˵еӊ
ǿ
κ˶Լ糾Ǹϸݡ
£
ǸĹȥ
¡
²˵ͱ˰飬˵ˡְ׸أ
󡭡
ԼҸ͸İΣǰѡ˺ߡ
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Ψһ˾Ͳݰ¶
Ϊ˲Ѻֳϣǰдһǿ޶һŸ
˵ӊ壿

Цͺã
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𹼸ӊ壡
˵꣬ٲֿ˵󲽳ȥ
ȥҲ


һϸ
Ĵȥᣬȥ֤ߵôܷһϸϡͿľǱأ
ūЩԡ֪һ
ֻƣἰЩºʹļ֡
ûȿǾǴ
κûںôСԵף
һڴǱֳܳΪ赲׷Ѱİʯ
ⲻа𣡣
ǡǡӽˮģɵŲʣūĳߡ
ʱѾվ˹ǽ֮⣬ŷƽĿǲɳ̾һ¶Ρ
ڽ
ޣһڡ
ȥүģ
֮Իӹַϣȥֱˮļָ
ʦǰƼֲأȥӽӡ


ָ֮С
ֲԼ
ֱͦĿעǰļֲյš
ֻϧĲ輼ҲڸǲסֲǷϡ
˫ơ
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͵ͷɨһۣû뵽֮Ʒü˫輼
ϼһ̲꣬סǺ
ˡ
ɷҲûӮ


817 
Ϊ֮ѧʱԵø߼ʱҲԸԼԼƵǽǡ
ϼִʱȻǺߡ
˵ĺ˵ķȡʹԸǰѷ޵ӭУҷ
޿ޡ
ǣ顭
ôϡ
ϼںˡ
Դ˶ˮͣ÷ϣԼǰʤߵ̬
Է;һ²裬˵һ乧άĻֲǴܲסˡ
ˡ
ǣҲûӮ
νǻҩζʵ㣬ֱȥˡ

Ȼ̰ҷүĿľġ
һţһҡͷԣ
ûǡ
ϷӮˣҲû
٣Ϸ򿴵Ľ֣ȴϷġ
㣡
ϼһûûȥ
ǰôû֣ϣҲʲôС˵⣬ǣ
߷ߵˣ˵ʲôȻ
Ȼ̬֮Ѿˣذɣ
Ǻǡ͸Цֻû
ƵƷƷ֮ҡͷ
ն˼ֻ֮ϷϲӺƵ衣
ϼ
Ҳˣڿ˰ɣ
䲻𣿡
ʲô䲻𣿡ϼֵʱըˡ
Ļʲôָŷ͵ıӾͱ
㵹˵˵Ҽֲʲô䲻ģ
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ɲ²бۿżֲ
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ʱһҡͷһοЦ
׾ȥҹϣģ
˵𣬷ʲôݣôɳо
⼤֮õЩ׾˰ɣ
ǷͽܻãϷȴǶϷˡ
һڲľͻˣ
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ʱҲֻʮ
ǰͳ̾һ䣬θݶ꣬¾ټϷ򷽵볯
ֲҲ׷˼Щǰˡ
ЦҪһģѾˣҳУˡ

ֲĬȻһơ
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ϧ֮ϣ˻䣬Ҳ䣬롢ǲֵһᡣ
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ʮǰϷʶŸĴǹ٣һˣȵ·веͨ
вֲͨһ˦֡ǵȴв֮ţƾɳ£ǲΪ֮£˭У
ŶζؿżֲǳѾ𣿡
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Ҳ˵ûǷҲûӮ
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þȨ˵ĳãôܳɹ
ֲԽ˵ԽԽ˵Խߡ
һʱɹΣԽ࣬˾Խ࣬Խ󣡡
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ģǴƣʥ֮֮಻ɺοһƷӣ
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㡭ϼɫǵͨ졣
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ԣ˭ҲҲˣ
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ϼȷʵ͹еĺ棬ǡ
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˵ֲ̧ͷŷ֮ͣоֳһ˿ʤߵĵ⡣
˵ˣ֮á
ⲻǼҡͷһɣ
룿
ԣһֵΣӮӮ
ѵΰ֮ˣһ֮һֵ֣½𣬹ۿһ𣿡

ϼֳĬˣջܴ󣬴ʼҡ
Ȼ뿴ӮܣȻۿôܸơĵġ
ҲΪϼƶȻܣڲʧȥ˿ȥȤ
ǣ緶˵Ӯ
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ͬ緶˵һɵȥǼֲ֮еν֣ҲԵò԰ˡ
ΪȷʵֵüֲһУȥһ
ϣģ
ŷ͵֣ұֵ֤òȥȣ
ЦˣЦļΪϿҡ

ֵã
˵䣬ͻ֧ӡ
Ϸ޴ǵѾݵگͣڸˡ
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ݣ
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ݡʦͽ̴Ķ
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ںˣֲ̾
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ۼָŴ󿪣ʦֲֻɨһʦɫ֪¶ˡ
еȻһЦӭȥ
ϧϼȻӦ˷͵Ĺ֮룬ȴǻûھӺƵ׼
ֻϼûͷûԵضʦ˵˵ȥǼ֮׾ӣ
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˵꣬λ޵ӶЦĬعֻ
ϼؿһ֮ȣûǰתظˡ
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žôˡ
ȳζһƲ죬ûòӾлֶ˵һ
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͵һۡ
ΪʦвɵĿ𣿡

ðɣǹɾˡ
ͻһת
ǿˣܲΪãȴҪԼˡ
ģȴեɣԲԵ±ԹĶ
С
࣬ȻȶȤ
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ͨ
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ǼֲһûվȣʵʵԵ˵ϡ
ϼҲˣϷҪǽ֣Ǻ䱯׳֮٣
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ôϡͿľͳƷӵˣ


Ǹ
񲿱ͿҲ˵ףǸ鷳顣
ǣȵ룬鷳Ҳϵ󡣱ϾھУҲ̶ֻ̳õص֮ٽС
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ڳ죬Ҫľһ¶ѹ̽ϴˡ
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˫ײڣ޷ݹãֻܶƼȵλ㵻档
ע⣬ǵȹ֮󣬷򸾶һݣҪȰݡ
ΪγȢûаݸ˵

²ۣȻĳô֣ʼһҪǩ飬Ҳз޵˻ҡ
ǣҲһ³޷ܵġǾǣ˷Զһ
Ҳ˵޵֮󣬺ɷƽȻУøһ빫ƽۡ
ô͹ˡϸ룬ף빫ƽûˡáȻҲû˷Яַݸĸһ˵
֮Լݹ棬ȫˡ
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ʼʱ򣬶ǻʵ۵ĶŮڸ֮Уʵ۵
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Ѭǣһ·еǰ
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ҲֻǼһһֶ˵ģȫּ͡
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ΪʲôǱأΪǸһ˸ɲˡ
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һߵʥּһһ
ǸϭģΪּ൱ںüֵʫ
ʵζҪͷʱʵۼŮúϲ߶߶
ֱּ꣬滹иּ
ҲǺϲ˵¶ý¶̩񰲡˳ʲôġ
Ը飬ľˡ

죬Ը͸øճϴˡΪּǸ̻ʼ֮¡֮
ּ֮ڿʼ˵ϣΪּ
˼飬Ƿ͡
֮˳ȣƼҵʮ˴
ʵ۵׼ôӹӹ֮⣡
ȵүү̫үү̫үүүүֻҪܲŵģһ顣
ǸϵƹҲû뵽ʮˣȻ»
ĸ׷Ϊ»ˡ
ֵ֮һɢְԶ
˵һ⣺
Ȣ׸ǶôҪ

Ƽ֮ǹĿּ⡣
ھʱһֱڹУĸ޾ӡˣȻҪûʲô˵ġ
ּһܹ꣬ĳһˣΪһּļ޹ġּˡ
ּ̣ͼ仰Ҳ¶ˣֱˡ
βùݣôһʱ󱳶ľġ
ҧǿǿּҪֱ
ּ⣡

ιȥа

ȷʵС
£ּŮýúý̻һ°հ
һݡ顱൱ʮֵ档
˼ǣǿʼе£¼޹˽Ҳǹ˳̫ͨƽʢ
ΪգΪ˳Ҳ֪˳ɣҲеɣҪ񣬰г
һ˵Сˣٹ٣ЩϼһǣּлʱŲˡ
ʱһ磬¥ǰˣ


ڡ
Ŵ󿪡
ֵ˾ʿʮ˴ͷÿﶼɨߺͶƽˮͰһɨ·棬һˮǰС
νġˮ·ЩʿҪһֱ԰ͷϴ֮ǰ
ˮ·һ֣һһسһ¶ˣ
޺޵ص˳¥ϵһۡǹģ
ٿһ¥ջǱһҾ
ءˣ
û˵ֻ΢΢ͷȰ˰֡

죬ûٶ˵һ䡣
תͷѰ֮һӣǰ̴ӣȥ
ʱС˽СӡʼҴΪӡ
԰ͷȷҲкԼ¿ˣ
Ͻģϴݣ
Ǹ˭ȡĹôˣ
ϳԵĶһֱڵڣǰˡ

ͼ޵һ̫ͥԣæ
£˺
۾һΪʲô
̫ɫһ̻࣬ûء
ƣҪȹ̾ϴɳС
ʲô
ʶĿ죬Զȥ
೤ûǣ

Ǻǣ೤
Ϊӣ֮ǰʿ๲ʮ˵̻ڱ̵ĺȡûˣ
ˡ
󣬻ͷΡźµĹӣǹޡ
󣬻̧ŵ̽ζӣװ˹ļױԼͼʲ
һжأ
Ӿٶ
Ѿ԰ͷǱ߶Ľζӻûʳأ
󣬻лʵ۴蹫ĸʷһӦ䣬żˡ
ЩƵĳ˻ʳǣߵ԰ͷϴ
Ѿˡ
һһҹ
ȵ𺽵ʱѾ²ˡ
ҧгݵغ޺ޱԹ
ˣ»˵ʲôҲȢ
ԣ޲
㻹»أ


818 ɽ
ҹĿɶ磬ƻǲǹʾŵϵһǵĲҹ졣
ʱ¥ϣ˽ϵĺ޴멣Զ֮ϵһߡ
ĴӣƺƵм֮һֱţҲϵ㡣
ʹǵĻԻ͵ƻǺӣ಻ڸ¡غƵ̡
˵Ӧòٻ˰ɣ
ʵͻأ૳
Тվһ岩һۣûټ˵ʲô
岩ǰһ˵ʲô
Ӧòˡ
ƺû๫ĺ
ʵϣͷǾʻ˭ԼҲ֪ҲԼ
Ӧòˡ
ѻ˵ô
岩ͷϢ˻ȥ
䲻ܽӣҲýӡ
ټڸϸȡԶҪʵ۰ѻ˵һҲûˡ
ǡ
ҪıȨλ


԰ͷһ䡣
κ뺫ûںڰ֮УۿȵĴһҽһҵʻͷ
ϵȼһģȻӣ
üģҲֻӡ
һѾ˵Ҳֻһһ˲ĲҶֲһë
κһ̾Ϣ
һƷӵһһȴҪʳѰˣ
Ҳá
κҪֹһЩ
ȹҲѱʿ˲֮³Ǹӡһ㣬ӹɡ
ŶԼã
Ҫǽͷ֮ݣͲж֮ǰ˲ỹȥˡڼд¾Ʒȥ
⡭κЩ޴롣
Ȼύ˲ᣬȾã
֪⡭һ㺫Ҳ벻
ָ֮дϢϣ븮ǡա˼ֲֻȰ
Ľӡ֤ԼֲΪ˵Ĳ²⣬ϼֲĶ
ǣȺͷ͵ȻҲͨ͸
ǻõļǺ⣿ΪǵĴȣ
Ȼǡ
к⣬һʱҲ벻ͨ

ʵκ˴ʱҪ𣬾˼ȫ֣ǲѿȵһֻ֮ߡ
ֻǣľ
ȫҽҲ仰һħں˵ͷ
ҲΪ仰ǲʵʶ˹̺ϣ˵̵ж
ֱɥĲǮǮ
ƷǶŭΪɱа˰٣Ըһǧ
ƳɱҪ㣡
ǣƴҵ׶˭ܱȵϻ
߶˰Ѿ˽ǣ˼һǧﻹһʮ򡢰

ĿҲˡ
˻µҵԳ޷ٶӪ֮Уڿ˵Σ
ȻһʶƷӵƻͿ£Žᣬǡ
ŽиƨãǱһˡ
Ϊ˭޲ߣĴжް취
ڹ۶ϣ˭˼ȥ

ߣµĴӣκһ
ϷҪҪôã


ôüֲȵ£Ȼͺ๫κġ

ʱӳǣ˳ˮ£ѵ˻ɽͷ
װŹޣԼ߳ﱸĻУͣµô
ͷϣ͡õһʦڰ͡
ͼ´ǿһ˿Ц⡣
·ǡ
վΣĸλʦһҾ
ˣʦǣ塭
ˡ˦֡߰ɣ߰ɣϷ֮Ӳأģ
˵ֶ꣬޴ˣͻϸơ
УصͷʱԸͻ

ԣû˵
ܻȾ̫͡׻ˡ
߰ɡ
Ͻٴδߴ٣Ȼ󱳹ȥٲһۡ
ҧٴʦһҲن£ǰ䨣ϴȥ
һȥԼ֪Ҫòܻ


ȥݵ·Ѿ߹ˣᳵ·
˳£ˮ뺣֮źһ·¡
õĲ۴ƽ׵ģˣڻ뺣֮ʱҪ˼׺
ǣһ˵Ĵֻʵ̫࣬ҪȫˣٶҲ۴ҲҪٶҺȡһжһװֵʮʱķѣʵ̫鷳ˡ
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һ»ᣬǿ֮ȴͣҪ´һΡ
˽ɣúõͣʲôʲô
ҲǺ棺۴뺣ߵг̣ΪҪڴ˴飿
ȿŴµĹµϿмء
ֻ
˵ţȻһЦֵʦҲ߶߶ɣ
޲ɣͷ´
ߵһ룬Ȼͷһ۴գһأ
ԣЦ֮
һһתǸ䣬Ʋݣǲġ
ʼ磬²ۣװʲôԼһС

һңȻǼֲһҡ
ûǡһӡ
ϼؿɲԼһ˾ˡ
ϼǼĶûһߣԼ˲Է˶ŮһӣһûȿȫҶȵģȵˡ
ǣ㶼ôˣǻװʲôȣԴ˿ǣϼҲǹӾûշ
Ҳܶ㵽ʲôʱȥóˣͲŵ㻹أѳסˣ
;˼üֲҲнⲻĽᡣ
һ߰ҡͷһ̤˰
̤ʪɳ̲ϣ̧ͷ
ĺľ¡˻ˮ壻Զϡɵӣͺɽʯұڡ
˵ʵһ㿴ͷûС
ͨȵоþ޷ƽ
ʦ𣿡
޶˶ôһ䣬һ㶡
ᣬʲô˲˵ģ
ûʲôֻижˡ
Ҫô˵̹ȻΪʦ˵ڵزǾҵ
ɺĳָ֣ıҵˡ
ǣһǶ˵ǵĳͬҵֱֻáˡ
˭˵أ
ԣһɸжܸıʦˣǵܸܲıεأ

䨸ǺͿ⺢ӽôˣ˵ЩĺĪ֮ԡ
֪»ᣬĵһ֡
ɽ
󣬾½ٵԕmϨһ˿֡
Ԫź뷶ʯ֮Ͽ£ڴˡ
ʮͶˮ棬ѳ
һȫ˺ǧԭоʹ˶Ͼ
ɽһбӽҲл
ɽ
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վãջԽԽᶨ䨵Ǵȥ
£
ʹ֪ʱջ᲻˵Ժ;ԡǣУʷջصԭĹ켣أ
Ŭ
˾
ջǳڴˣ١
ûź


ӣȰԼڴ˺ܶࡣǰδ֮ƺҲȻ
һգݡ
ݺϿѾϡԿϺ󵺽ߡ
Ҳڳ˴գΪˡ
վڴͷԶһƾɹٴˮŻʻ
˰죬̲ס²ۣôһҴ
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ǳȴġ
ֶˣû죬ôһ䣬ʹкҲû
Ҫˮû꣡
ȺٺٺЦҲӻ๫Լˡ
๫ϴ๫˵
Ǵûصȣʲô¶
ȻЦˮ¶
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ȿӣЦ๫𼱣˵ꡣ
ʣµǧˮճ֮⣬Ҳҡѵ٣֮ԭǧһ㡣
ޣ
һ̵Ͳûˡ
˭أ
㣿㻹õû
ƽʵԣڲƭ

˵ˣɵؿȡ
Сӽе㲻̫԰ûô
滹
滹
ԣҡͷǲš϶ʲôϷ򡣡
Ҳˣôˣûأ
ʵ˵ɣҾһֻҲǷţֻҲǸϡǧһ֣ûʲô۶
˵ȳϿҵؿ
ݾҲãˮҲգǴεװܰһͰһɡ

˸ƷӲˣҪʥôأ
ʶɨǸҲʥĴ󷢴İɣ
ðɣǵͷˡ
һûݷ˻Ҳᣬûз񡣡
һ

¶Ƕˡ
أû⴬ϣ
ɨ˺üȦҲûϼֻ֣ˡ
ءȴĸɴࡣֻûա
û
۾Ҳˡ
ȴԵҪ๫ȥһˣ
һ£ˡ
⣬ǲıȽϺá


819 ټ
Ѿ硣
Ȼزճ緹Ĵбƣȥװˡ
ֻǰװˡһͲǣһʮŮͯվڴͷԶżݡ

ֻҪߴģˣѣ֪Ʒûʲô֮ˣʲôˣһƽȶԴ
ԣߵ˶ǰҲӲн
ΪЩҲԼͻȻ֣᲻˴ʲôġ
죬Գͷ˹ȥ
һһŮȣȴǾнɫһ䣬õһ߶ǸŮǰץĸʶĲص
⵹Ȥúÿһۡ
ָָ֮꣬˰Ҳû˭
ǸǸǸˣӣʹˡ
ž죬Լ棬ɾ벻˭ˡ
ִٵعʩ񣺡˼˼ģ¡
Զԣ˼ģ
ôһ˵Ҳˡ
꣬ǻڷ¥һȹƣԹʫ
˼ʱˡ
ֵܲ㣿ôĺĺأ
ǶʫԽתˣıҲˡ
ǺȾǻͷ
εһЦȴǫǳ졣
ѵõ»ǵã
᲻ǵã£¡ʱǶֻʮ꣬Ȼ˶Ƶܵ¥ȥȾƣû
ɵĺܡ
ˡȿڴϣ˸ơżү£ôʱһ𣿡
⡭æ˼Ĳô
һƲ죬ǲŵġǼүҪӲӾҲóˡ
Σǵõ̫ѧҲǳɼˣ⼸ƺûȥ
˵Ż˻˼ҳʣ˼ڴ
䣬ȶԼ˼ҲǸĹĶࡣ
ΪȻǣԭʮǰһµ֮Լ˼ĵӰȻô
󵽡Ըıһ
ճ˵˼Ȼ̱̫ѧ֮Ҳμٿ꣬һȴǲѵġǼֲĹϵ֪ǰ;ǹġ
ǣǴη׸ı˼˼ĵһ
һη¥ʫգӰ첻СƾյӺͼʫ׬˴ˡɡͷ
ǣȴʵʵزż˼ĵԴȥġ
Ϊֵô󣬼˼ĲɨأҸ๫鷳
ϼֲԣֻѺü˼ĴӾͻϼ涨ݱܷâ
ǣһˣü˼ѿؾǡ
ٺϼʧƣ競Ӹѷ˵ʿ˼Ҳûϣ
ô꣬һֱڸ޳ͷ֮ա
ЩȲЩڸոյðʧ
ǰ꣬ѾǵǸµġ̱ӵˣ˵ǫжȣ֪
ǣ˭뵽ɾЩģȴһпأ
Լոտĵļ仰ڼ˼Ӧе˵İɣ
֧֡Ŵ𣬿ãã档
ǶС֪ˣҲûûء
Բסˡ
˼ĴʱҲӿʼľִ֮ɳȻһЦ̸˭Բס˭ɣѣ
˵ʱңҲȷʵ쵰
šȵͷϷʳǲϲ

˵꣬ӴЦǰԹЦȻɢȥ
˵˼ЦգϿҵؿȡǰ¹ȥ͹ȥˣһΣҪúлл¡
лл㡭˼Ҹ
ˣνһ˦֡˵ԶˣʲôȲȵġ
ǰ»ᣬһ
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ȴҺҲʲôˡ
ֵͣףŵ֮УҲֻǡ¡
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һֱڼ˼СŮüĿǿˡ
ˣ
С̽Դδѵ죺
㡣
£Ϊʲô
˹ȥ޶Ū֮⡣
Ұֲˣ
״˵ƷҼҵĳˣԶЩ

һƤֱ
̧ͷż˼ģİҲŮõġ
磬ҵ࣡
ۣ
ȿ˿СŮֿ˿˼ġ
ϼֵŮ
ͷҲʮж˰ɣ

һͷʦһ
ϲģ

Դˣ˼ҲֻܱԿЦ
ףҸ߻ˣ±ƽϣ
û¶νشЦհҲôãĺܣϰˡ
˵ŻϾҪˣͷɴ˵ϣȿͣ
Լ˼Ҳͬˡ
˼ֶǲ۴ǲҹġѾ磬·ĻҹҲֻҰͣݡ
ԸȥݹҹҪϰģ֮ǰ뷵ء
ȥ
ȿ˼ģϷԭΪͬҲ´һΣһ
˼Ŀһͷǲȥ˰ɡ
ĵо񣬺˱УֻԶΪ𣬲֪֮͢ءиԺϴΪ֮ҲСΪϰɣ
һЦοִɷģ˺ϣ㵽ˣȫ֮²öǡ
˼һ㵣ȴûٶȰˣȴǲġ
֮ǰҲ˹εģ֪ٯʮ֮ޣһڳ֮ϸʲô¶ĳ޲̶ͷϢգ֪
Ҳ룬ۿŴӻ
ͷһųಲ࣬䵶ǹɲ˼ֱ}ûš
ˣؿǴ˺üٴԭػҪ֪˭ǲүֿǿǺã
ʶС˽ͲûȾͳزˡ
ʱ˵ϴ
ϴ˼ѿڶ
۾͹Σˣ㻹ϴ
ȴΪȻھʹӦˡ
˼˵ãƷʲô¡
ǣСüľͻ˲գɲˡ
زǻزգȴҲǲģֻڲ֮󣬽ŷ쿴Ρ
һ׿ê壬˼ĸǽš
ٹƬֻ̣һٯŮ˴Ѿվǰ
ʱСü㶼ŵץֱۡ
硭Ӳһ¾ͰƷɱ˰ɣ
꣡˼סСõС˵
Ѿŵ˲˨ϣֻ䣬ͰϣӦÿԵֵһ󡭡

˼סѾ֮ʱ
ͨ
һϥҼװĶŵļ˼һ顣
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ȴˣȳʱҲǸյǣһء
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ƷӹȻǣǻԶ㣡


еΡ
ʵҲ֪Ҫϴʲô
һһԹϼһһĿˡ
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аɣҲͦΪѡ
˼ҹ¶ĸѹ
Ȼȥɣȱݣͷžۡ

һӦˣһʱߺлһĿͷ
ǿӲק˵ǳȡ
ȲȥУֻôŷﳯļ˼ġ
ʲôûˡ죡ת˵ҲϵɣпգԹȼ
˼ȻӻûתȶûӰˣŴǰһ¶¶
ʱǰһʾð
л°
Ķҵˣ


820 
ȷʵʾã֮ǰ˼˵ĻҲǳ滰
ڹеĲ˵ϼ֮Ҳֻǡ¡
壬ݲðֻҪֲδдΣô׿أԸϼĺϽ⡣
ǽڣҲȷʵҪ־ɳǡ
ǣôĳЩа
ڶ죬ľͱ˺þƣڲշϼһ졣
˵ʵȿֲܴӦݣʦĻ˶ãԼǶҡ˵ģ޷ȱһ̨ס
ΪϾǺͷ֮Ľᵼݡ֮䣬˿Ǵͷβûһ佻ء
Ⱦ͸Ļ£̨£
ʲôǸ
㲻ô͹˰
㲻ҽģôӾ㣬˵лл˵Ĺȥɣ



ֹһ죬۳ž͵ˡ
̲ˣž̳ӣֱֲĲҾͳ˹ȥ
ѣ
һ߿ϼֵš
˰
ϼڲбĿ̧ƤһŽҲ⡣
̲֣²Ҳ𣿶Ϸȥ㡣
һѾ̳ϡ
оûΪ˭˭һ
ֲ̧ͷо仰˵ǰͷ
˵
ϷݣɲǸʹġ
ϷݣҲ٣
ϷݣֻӦһԼ뿴һ֣
ңûݣӦûӦԼϷɼ֣Ӯˣ
٣
ߣ첲ӣżֲһۡ
Сգ治ˣӺƲȳ㣡

Ӯʲôбۿżֲ
Ҫж裬ҪȨȨҪǮǮ
ҪȨʮҪңߵ
㿴㣬ôӵġ
㻹ӮӮƨ
ϼֶʱˡ
˲˲Ҷ̣һڲٶûС
ǿ磺˵Ϸ֮ǶԵģĴƣҲˣ
Ըƨ
һһŹġ
Եģ
ôҲ˼˵ĳڣ
˼¶׸֮ΪȨײĹӣ
㡮ԵġǸ뷨ûУ
͢óʲôˣ
ŶԣȻһתҲ룬ھǣ
˶ǰռүԵġǸ۵ٵġ
νĴƣģ
νؾ֮ɣάҲƣģ
ʵϸɣһΪĴѾͬɵ졣ٳ֮ϣԼ˽Ĵʡ
𣿡
ǶԵ𣡣ȼʳ˾䡣
ֲɫһһ󣬲֮ԣӱܲˣ
ɣɲмһˡ
û˽ԱǴƣҲġ
ǣ֮ϣɳۣι֮֮ҲԴΪôĹңĳְ͢в֮
ж񲻼٣Ƶһ档
Ҳ٣һһ˳ӦĴƶģ
۹ŽʢУ֮ʢľ֮ҲãԪҲգٵʢƣ֮ΡԪʢ
һλһλʷү˵Ĵƣ˽Ϊ֮Ļģ
ҪҪ˸С
򡭡
ʲôֵģ
𢣬ʲô𢣿
һ˵꣬ȳһ

ͳ֮һλʵۡ
˵һ仰
ʵۣһ
Ⱦã仰ͬ˳
ûȨȷʵܸĺôҲ㳣޷˽
ǣȨڸôôͬʱҲμ֮
ȨֻôȴΣ罫ʲôӣû˿
ܹ֮ǰϽһ˿ȨΣ
βǡֽݡ಻ǡ塷֮еĸͬΰ
ҲԴΪ񣬿ǲ⣬еĴϻؽӡ
Ѱɣү
֮츳Ȩ˳ȣ
ȨϷ
ǶթԡġΪʢ簡


һ֮ͨ˵ֲ꣬Ƥ죬ֶ˵
⣬Ϲһ
硭ҪҪȥͷ硣
˼ĻҡͷǣĬȻȥ
ĸҲתۻزң֮ǰ䨸мһ
Ҫллʦ³ллԶھʦķͣһң̳һŵ¼汸ĺͽܡ

ʵү˵˰ɣ
ֲִȵ
㣡ûã˵дã
ԣҲûָܰҷֵʲô¶
ڣҸˡ
ӻǵҳţˣ
˵Żһָ⣬ģҲ㡣
Ͼ͵ݳˣүҪǻߵöԼȥ
ӵĴģ˶٣
µɵӣܲܺĴƣģ
ϼ֣ǻû˼𣿡
Ǿֻ뿴𣿡
ðҾ͸һŵɣһȫµĿ꣡
Ӿ㣬ֿ϶Ĳһ
ܲһ

㿴ˣˣģңʱʲôҴʲô֪޲ԣԲ⴫

˵

˵꣬ȳһϵľ̳ӣ߷ߵһ䣺Ȳȣ
䣬ٲϼַϻͷߣǽһ
˻꣬ټһ䣺
̵ģӴϲӣǵñˣ
ʲôģ
ۣ
ûסЦ
˵ư˱ҲûϹ¶
˸Ѫͷ˸ʲôġ
ֵصһ۳ȣûӰˣֲǰ
ûأ⣬˶á
ȿĿڣȻһЦݵˣֲȥ𣿡
ϼãȻؿ䨣ǰû˵
󣬻ҿ̳ϵ⣬룬һ£
վΣͷʦ³Ϊ·


紵ֲʱһᡣ
ǹɴζˬ磬ֻһ˲ʹϼڲлһµ
΢ĿӦĿ⣬ǰľ½
̺
졭
񡭡
Ҭ֡
ԶһСǶһ֮⡣
Ȼߵɽ嵲סߣڲľ£ϼ룬ǴӦþǴеĿĵأˡ
ڣתɽ壬ǰȻʣ֮ھ۵ס
ֲʱѾ״ɵ
ݺݵıһۣ͵Ĳš
ʲô
ˣ
һӦóĳǡ
һ֮ǣ
δ֮ǣ


821 
վڴͷɨһݴ͵ļֲϲ޵֮ɫ
˵ĳɾʲô
Ǵ죡
ûʲôȴ޵еṆ̀˳
һꡣ
ֻһʱ䣬һдӻߵĺεض
ڡ壬Ƿæµľ󣬵ǻȻ
ⷬɾͣ治һ˸ɵóġ

Ըۿ
ʱȳ˳ƨԼĽ˼ڰ߽ӴȺ
Ҳûϼִʱʲôˣ밶ԽԽѾԿϵȺϤףӰ
ʵѾȲ˴
ų嵽ŶѶĳ嶯ȸ
ˣ
ͷֻǵͷ֮һ˵ʦͬ𣿡
أ
Ρ
ʦںأ
棿üͷһ塣˵СڼƲʦԼˣ
ں
ں棬ҡдһ
һˡ
ðɣһʱҲ벻ôƺϼˣȽп˰ɡ
ңżֲ¶ǰŶҲû˵ͷɲ֪ϻôһ
˭
мܲסԼɡ
˵꣬٫˷ᡢ˶ûƵѰž׿˵ķ͹ȥˡ
۾˵ĶӾͲˣżҪԭ򰡣

ǣ㵽ҪȢ
ĳ˿ɲô׽ܲʱ˵ش˹
ǷǸˡ
½½۵ĺụ̈еҡ
ɩǿҪˣôױҰĶǲСȴҪһġ
һᡣ
ôˣ˼Ҽ˼ģٿ
˵ż˼ģ˼ľ´ˡ
Сü֣ڷʱһģ
㣬㲻ǡ
˼ӡ󣬿Ǳöࡣ
ͺͼ˼ļһ棬ɼ̫ѧȴ˺ܶء
֣
Ǳߣ˼ѾҾˡ
ûӦء

ɰžе㲻̫Ծ
㣬զˣ
˵꣬־òԡݣ˼ҲƵġ
תͷһ˼߸˸Сǰ
Ůˮ飡
ã˼һһõԼŮġ
ǡ
ûȼ˼ĽͣǱ߼ǲˡ
ͷ˰СˣͷһСһ
һƷҲˣֱĳһļġ塣
Сɲŷë
ͽӣ
һӲСѾһ̧ڷϡ
Ŷȥ
һۣûϡ
⵹ùӣôأ
˭ǵùӣ
˭ǵùӣ
кȥ
ֻıȽᣬŵùӣ

ûкСϾŴɣԲ۾ľͷ׮һ㿴Զ
ǷСһʶǡ
ôģˣ
ֻʱһʶʦҲһôҲʶ
ֻǡ˭ܸүôӺƵĴϣ
ʹ˼Ѿվǰˣɻеܲ˰
ɰ
ȫȻ˼ߴ
㲻ǻȥּȢϱ𣿡
ô
ôѼֲȢˣ

˵е£ͷһͷһͷǸӰûԵϡ
ʲôһˣ
̫ܴ߶ӺƺͼҲ̫һɣ
ͷһɵƫͷŲ٫
⡭ǳһ
ܹҲеԺŵû簡
˷Ŵ죬һףе
ʵǹӡ
Ѿšһ˰죬͵ıĳһ䣺
øϴ˰ɣ
ϼ֡
ԭ³Ǵ뾪棬һ´Ϊ˾ʵıԵ⡣
벻ɣ
Ҽֲ
ǣɨǱߡ
۵
ϼҲûԵϣǻʡ

ǿôôˣǿ˸׿ɸͦϴĶˡ
ŵģΨһһɻҲϽ⿪ˡ
ΪĶ֣ϼһֱԴȵΪ֡
֮ǰһֱҲ벻ͨһ⣬ǾȵΪʲôؾ
רŰۺֵ飬е˵ͨһʱԲϣҪΪ˶ϲַ
ȫˣǰѹĶӸˣȢˣ
еơ
ͷϵĳ棬Ҳеҡ


ֲĵʵͻȻҲʵȵĶȤ׵ˣһ׼û
ʹͷȺѾɢˣȱ٫ѾѺˣԼѾϼһ쵽ʱסеûף⵽ô¶
ˣ
˼һװѷ˼
ţŶ
һִ٣ʧ̬
˲ǣ
ָڵ⴦Ժ
ԺǸսõģǸݸ׼ס
ڻûסˣʲöȶµġǰҲոմɨˣЩ̻Ҳȥ
ͷ״峤Щݣ๫ҰסŰɣ
ֲһһ´⴦¼ҡ
ԺֻԭϤļ죬ʽԴһ㺣ἵķУҲԭķ˼ֱ¡
Ҫ˵ͬõĲ˰ɣ
桢ǽ̳Ӧɴͬˮʡľʯϣϸ濴
ľһ꽨ˣ
ôһԺӣڿ⣬õĹ޵УҲʱɣ
ǣҲһ࣬ܽزֲˮĹˡ
ȷе˵ǰ˸¡
ȥһֱڹ滮ͼʩˮͳǽʱſʼڳｨ
˸¡ֲ࣬һʱûӻ
˼˲ͬ
Ȼˮ
Ҫ֪ˮϵͳҲֻпСû뵽ϵݳҲˮ
һЦˮˮ
ˮΪˮ
ˮ뻧¡
˵ţϼֺСԺһǵһˮֻۡһܴӵص޶һš
һš֮ˮ˳
⡭
ʶϼֻû
ˮĶģ
Ǳˮˡ
ɽȪˮ
͵ɽˮػɽȪˮֱܲͨУֹܽ뻧
ʱޣɽֻһˮأӦȫǻеʡŵá
ϼȻ̫Ҳ档һ˵ʡãæǰˮϡ
Цһˮ
ˣһοԼˮʱ򣬱ϼֿǲԶˡ
û
๫ҽݿɣ
Ȼϼֳʶˡ
һӵƣ⵹ûʲôڿ⸮ҲǼҼߡ
ؼǣ
éͷеܲˡ


822 ϼ
ֲͲˣé޷˯ѬҲѬˡ
һ
Ǻǣûζ
޵Ͱһˮ䣬߻һϸ֮һϸԶˮ£ۻ֮ĸɸɾ
ֲ˵˻氡
ʱˮͰôãҲһ񡣲ȻүҹᡰǻѬˣ
ż˼ȥסķˡ
ϼûߣµؼоͰ
ôأ
Ū˰ҲûŪףһ̧ͷ
ףǽһﹴ˼үĺġ
ҲһܣŲһͷм־ŵĵطһֱϣʵһ˶߲ͷһĪͭе񡭡
Ǹģ
ղŷСӺ˵ˣֻүûڡéû
ûϵүǺεȴԼо
һ˸ţؼš
үһ¾ҵص㡣
źǸˮͷһӦҶԻġ
үɣöֻ֣˼۾֪ôˡ
ϻ϶дأ
øִҴżͷ߶д֣һǡ䡱һǡȡ

֮ô˵ɣүվͷ棬ѾŪⶫôˡ
Ǹʲôõģʵ֪ԭ򣬼ү˻Ŷȡķ򡭡һšס
~~
һҽУΪɱء


ɣҲ̳ҪǸոռ˼ĵʾʱ򣬷˰ˣˮˡ
ȴϹʱֻүʪһ
Ҳˣ·Ҳ͸ˣͷˮڵðŰ
ۡ
ûЦ
๫Ҫϴ衭Ҳðȿ˲ǣ
ϼŭʲôɷϷ򣡡
Ϊԡϴð
ˮרˮɣ
֪ôˡ
ŪԡˮԵϡ
Ϊʲôˮܼ򵥣ϼֲһ
ڷһƽıƤͭˮ䣬ٰͿɺɫɡһɹˮȻˣõչ֮ܡ
ңСˮ䡣ԼԹҪǸʱɹȵˮܰƤ̵ݡ治ġ
żֲǸǱʵǲ˼ٴȥˡ
๫ϴ裬͸ˣ
šϼּűӴӦȥɣ
˵ͷ˼ġĸʾ⣬󿴵ǸܺӼ㣬ݺݵصСһۡ
ҲʾС°͵˻ȥ˭˭
ˡϼֽס
Ӻⴺ䲻סߣ
ոͷûһ·סڳǵһߣдһʡ
ӺүӣвܹˣǶסڳ⡣
⣿
ŷȥıӰϼĵݳǽôãΪΣܵȥˣ


ӼֲԽԽ˼
ոǸ˥̫ôЦˡ
һ߶Цһ߼ӿŲҴҵĳϡ
ȵס٫˶ڡ
һѾЦʡ
ǣһûϼţֲıͷϹżˮζ꾡š
գҲҡͷû뵽üүҲʱ
ˣ
ǿѹЦ⣬ô¶ôͰϼŪˣ
бһۣ˵¶أˡ
˵˵
£ԼԼ˱ˮһ
˵˵ôѼֲȢŶģ
úƶ죬Ͼһ˶ء
ǰѾһһֹ󣬷ʦȳȰϼֵľ
˵꣬޲棬߻ʵԶΪȾǻȥһͻּ⣬뵽ȴô֮¡
üͷô˵ֲǱģǵΪã
ҡͷֻҪˣΪΪѾҪˣҡ
ֲʮڳ͸޽˵Ѿʮ꣬вŻ㲻ʩչҪǸһᣬþͻŹ
ȿ˼ֲǸΣ֤ԼʩչŻʲôҪ

лˣͻأǷһ飡
ڹӵĽǶȣĹĸȥȣ˽ľ档ܴӦҲӵӡ
˵ʲôأȲмĺ˹һ֮ۡ˵𣿡
١ź׶⻰
˵ˡ
աǾͻһת
û㣬Ҳ
գӲ
ʲô˼ִʲô⣿
ԺģԺģ
Ĺȴ˵ʲôҲ˵ˡ

ͷת𴦣ϼ־סŰɣ
ۿ÷ڳȥȥ뿴ʲô͸ʲô
š
ӦУеȵˡ
Ǿ˷Ըȥɡ
̧ۿȣҲѱ鶼һţ⼸רĳﱸ顣
˵ͷмԹٲ飬ͱźӰðɣ
УڴӦͽȥСʲôʱܸܲϰá
ûͷһۣ֧ӡ·࣬ЪŰɣ
˵̧꣬Ⱦߡ
ͷﻹȻлżϱᣬͷඡ
ˣҲû˴ȥɣһȥѿռ䶼ȡ

߹ˡȲõֱݡ
Ͷһһؾĸ£ò׻ˣһʲôģ
Žݣ׿ȣ£ʳָŵߡ
ȲһſǸֶڸ˯
ŲӴǰȥСḧôҲڣûûİɣ
ɸһۣԹѻ죡˼Һأܳ˯ġ
ٺ١ȺٺɵЦǾͺãǾͺá
ŮأĻ
ֲСʲôģ
ҡŻеС̧ͷһ簮Ҹ̲סʣ
أôûӹ
һ̧ۣĿַŻغϣϵЦȴɢ

󣡡ԹٲҲҪΪСƿһ롣
ûӻеۣҲֻԼūܶɣ
Ժˡġ


䣬Լһ鷿˯µġ
˯ʵҪںӽ֮ǰǱϱˡ
鷿ĸرƵģһǽ
ȫ򿪣ǿպľҬ֣۵ס
ϣ续˵ꡣ
Ȼֻһʱ䣬޶ڴ˵أصݣ˵Ǿһֵҵĸо

ϧȲ֪꣬Ҳֻάһҹѡ
һ硣
ǴΣȣӺƵ㡢صЩıͼ
ƣ


823 һȺ
һ磬˯ԺǸĴɤžڶը졣
ʲôʱˣ˯
һ飬͵̧һһŴͿˣʱһżŶһӡ
ž
иƨ
žž
һ²ڶ¡
֪ɩ˯𣿡
žžž
ҶӣŪ㣡
ʹţɩǱڿˣСȥˣ
һô磿
أúûõġ
㣬㵽״˶ٶ
ٶബȢϱ
һüͷʲô˼
ĻٶബС
ǣû˰
Լῴ
Ķ
Ƕ
һָ鷿֮⣬˳ָ죺
ݡǽɳ̲
ȻǺһɫεεɫĺ콻֮䡭

һУڵһվ˫ĿԲþȫԼЩ
ûȷ֮ȷûп
д
Ҿ޽һߣƺƵʻ
վߣҲ֮
װٶǲǰⶼˣ
˼Ц
ǲǸĴӣ

һ£ʲô
ģ
ǣ˭ģ
㤵ؿһۺ棬תͷǡ
ôǺ˵Ϯɣ
Ȼҡͷɫȴл͡
ˣ϶ǣôĽӣ
ǻĶģ
뵽͵һ©һġ
ѿڶѩ壡
Ȼ·˲ϴֻ£˳ȥֱͷ
ѩ壿
૸ͫ𽥷Ŵ澪ݡ
ѩ塭ο
Ļˣ
Ļˣ
˵ŻһֽУ׷Ҳͷȥ


ûп
ž۴ԽԽ˶üǴʽĺ
˶üΦӭֵĴ죡

ʱڼ˶£ͷ֮ϣĿŴεĽӻʻ塣
ֲҲ⣬ܵͷ֡
ԶԶȼĽӰϼе㲻ף
Ǹ㼤ɶ

ȺֹǼ
Ķˡ
û˱֧Զ󽢶ӶԴ˵ζʲô
û˱˽⣬´˶˵ˣǵǴӡδʲôĸı䣡
ȴʱ˼п־壬޴롣
£Ϊǻˡ
ԭķãҪ뵽Ĺ⾰Ż
񣬹ǰһ꣬Ⲣ
£ѩ;۷ʲôû
һҾ޽ڿۣûж
ê¡ʵҲûж
һӰ¾޽򺣣
͵˳ȥǰһץסֱۡ
˵Ļᣬͷʣ
𣿡
ɹڵݣǷ糾صĵͷ
ˣ

ȳһ˫ȭȻ߬һ

һйŭա
״ħϲʧ̬
ˣ͵һգ򺣡
𣿡
Ȼ֪ʵʲôصͷ
ˣ
ãŵʵء
ð
㵸ⲽ򺣣
ֻһ͹ǧ
ĶأĶأȥ
򺣱˵ҲѪӿʻһָ󣬡һٶض飬ȫƬ½Ĳ
ȫǣ۾ð̹ˡ
ס

𽺣
𽺣̫̫¶ˡ
ŵؿ۵Ĵνӣ
һٶബȫӣ
ҲУ
򳹵ױȵļȾһָԶһСһĺ
ûһӣ
ãٽһá
һ
һ

ԽԽԴһᣬɵؿ򺣡
һ
԰
򺣸ɵСӻûɫԣǽһ
⡭ָźǵصĴӡⶼװʲô
һ򺣶ʱ۾ɵø
ҿȻ󿿵ȶߣֻ˲Ķɷн£һ˵
һٶബ
ȫ
£Ƿˣ



ү
ȵһһţֱӾͰ亣ȥˡ
ҷð

֪
֪̫ˣ
ȿźССһҴٿһٶװ˽Ĵ󴬣޶ûᡣ
ô㲻һٶബӣŪһٶബ𽺻ҲȽǿ
ϡȳӣ˻ݡ
ָŸմӺ򺣣壡
ڸӣ
񣡣ˣ

ͷһһ޲ؿȷ쭡
˵զˣˣôһ˵ֱģһҪأ
ŲȻİ򺣸ˡ
Ȱȣ
ýȥȻҲҪ򺣣ʧȥˡ
ŲӣŸĺٴκУ
Ϊӹ
ɽ
أҹ

򺣴ʱˮ߶ϣ֪ǰ¶ˣһɪɪҲ֪ˮ̫ģǱŵġ
һοѩ壬ֲòǻ
ʲôкʷû
û
͵תͷ򺣡
أ
һӡغ֮ǰʷдҺȥˡ
Ҵ£ǻǱ߻
ǣҪڵͼϻһȦ
֤Բġ
˵һԴ˵һըˡ
ֻʣһͷ
ӣ


ԭļƻУѩ塢οĴӻű̫ƽһ·򶫵ﱱǵĵһվӦǺİ˹ӡ
֮ǻ޴½һ·£һֱ϶ˡ
Ȼ۷򱱣ضһֱɶ޴½ȫ̽
ǣⷢڴԼīһҵ˰޾İ
ⲻ֣Ϊһأİ˵ȡ֮
壬ʱ䣬ް͵һص֮ޡ
Ҫ֪ںȫ̽İҲ51֡
ͻĽɽһ󣩣ѩ塢οôܲģȻȫɣض顣
Ȼ󣬵е϶˵Ĺյʱѩοһ
򺣴һٶബ̫ƽοǼδɵ
ңּһϣ֮ǲԭ·۷Ҫ򶫣ȥ֤ȵġ
졢¡Բ

Ϳ
Ϳ
û뵽ֻȥתһȦôҵˡ
û뵽ô
ô֮ǰ˵һ飬ֻޣֻޣ
ǻȥʲô
ⲻΣյ⣬ǡ
ƽȵ̼ƻҲȫң


824 ԭ
ڶԵʱ䣬Եĵص㣬Ե£л
ڴʱ䣬ĵص㣬Ե¡
ǽѣ

ҪԲġлǧĹмֵۺһȱڣû
ȸҪŷ޺жӴг֧Ŵ𽥱͵ĹҵܣҲûд
ǣԲڡ
ھǸʱ䡢ĵص㣡
Ȼ
ʶĵѵҪһǿһʱĲ־
ôǻ¡
ٳȻ
ѩҪĵĸײҪһʱԭʷУҪٹİܳ֡
ӳԱת̽δ֪ǰĽŲİꡭ
˵ǹ
ǣ󺽺ʱıʲô
ôѭȻɵҰ
棬ǿʳ
µʱ෢չȫȷʵǺ¶
ǣξܵ
ɳ֮£Գһµδ
ܣ
ңضûеڶѡ


ûôС
ƶΡ
ѵΡ
ëϵըֹƨ¶

ըСйϵ
ֻ֮һеʶС˽п롣
룬ԼĹҺ˽ġ
ƶ̣ٵôҲǴΡ˵ͷ£ĸԸ̤һ
붼룬Ӳɣ
ǣ˵ΪʲôôƶβأΪʲôûеڶѡأ
ܼ򵥣ΪʷѪֵʵ
һΣҲͬһ

ǿԿһŷ޽ʷ۹ķʷ
ǶЩʲô
ȥֳͳβ˵ǿϵ۹
˹ʹ۹
䣬ȻﱻͱǨļ֫⡣
ѵкͺںԼںİ˹䣬ֻʣһҲ޷վ
ųȫеĴ۹ǱӶˡ
ôˡ
Ϊʲôߵóȥ߲ȥռȴأ
ĵ֮ضܶһʱǴмǧ꣬˿ڼڣôͲأ
Ϊһᣬһᣡ
壬ⲻᡣ
ؿʼԭȨעⲻᡣ
ⲻǾǸ֡
һΣȻֻԼʳ̤
ǡ
̣


ԭȨӹ׷ĶȨȶԡ
ǵͳ̫ˣ֪ʲô֮в
Ǿˡ
ԣ̾ͳһĹߡ

ܶ˶֪ҵˮƽҪԭңңȫҪԭ
ҵ壬ǿƼչ١
ǣܶҲ֪
˶һ⣺ʱڣҲʼҵĸչƼôĽʷ᲻д
еѧߴ𰸶ͬᡣ
Ϊ⣬ͲļֵûС
Ϊʲô
ΪҵĻǿƼǵĿƼˮƽǲУ缸ǧȫˣҵֻǱˡ
֮ûڻķҵΪǧһֱȱٹҵҵִڡ
ѧһ˹ҵ
ҵԲö˵ҵļбûз磬Ҳβɹҵģ
ڣҲʱ֧ѧϸиҵؿƼĴԡ
ûִڣƼֻɽͼгϹžѡ
һӰɣҽ߽нҽѧ
ҽķչʷҲٶꡣ
ҽ֮ǰԶûкҸǵҽϵüǧܻ֮ܽǣǸðգԴˮ̲
һʣǷѪ
׹ĹʢүӣǷգѪġ
һʱ䣬2000Ѫ
ѪҲ4000ôŸˡ
˵ʲôز˰ɣ
ҽܹ֮ٷչ񣬴ܽ˼ǧҽҲѹһͷ˵ǰʱͣ
˵ˣͼ
ûʱʹû棬ά﷢ġ幹ۡάĲѧ΢ХϸѧҲֻһ֮԰ˡ
ùأҲֻǳ÷ùĽͿһͿ˿ڣ˶ԡ
ʹ˹ȡˣҲ֪˭ȥ
ʱԣЩˡЩɹϵһ
ҽѧľ޴ʱӶһѧѧѧҽѧѧ˲Ͷҵȥ˽ҽѧĽ졣
˵ʢٷղѪ뻻ԴҲǲܡ

ԹȻִ֪ڵҪԣô
ִʲôأ
Ǿ˵λߡĳЩضʱڣڹ֮ϡ
ŷ޽˹¼壬׹ʮ͵ڼ֪ˡ
һȫŷ޵ծ׹ߡ

һж˰ɣ
ϣʱΪԭȨеͨ
ýźȥ룬Ҳ֪ˡ
ᣬⲻ
˵ȵĽǶ⿪֮ǰ߲ׯı䲻˱Ӷˡ
Ǹ⣬ļֵûС
ҲΪʲôȫԸҪͨˮչ̺ϣȥǹڣǿƼεĸԭ
ˮҵ̺ϡģܹϴξõĽϵ


ãˮѾͨˣ̺Ҳӵ˽ĹģʱѾˣ
ˣԶأ
ⲻǹģ⣬ǹıʣĺľ⡣
ںʲôĴôɵģ
ȣ
ôԽߵݣĹֵ֧š
Ƿ͡ãЩȨĵڴ
˵ˣĴڣΪӦôڣǿпĴڡ
ô
һȹأ
͡أ
أ
ֻʣһ֡

꼻һ㣬ʢ˼䣬δ

ûⶼûˣ˵λͻȨ֮ìܻûҵ·
̸ʲôڣ
̸ʲôҵǿ
̸ʲô󺽺ʱ
ң
ڵĴζ߲ڣһΪα˵߳ȥû

ڴ
Ψһ̵ܴĶʮڱˣʲôȥţ
ʩСȡԲġ˵ѩʲôȥĸѧȥ
ҲãҲաֱ߶Ķ֣ÿСֶβܶƵסʲôʵǳ󺣣
һСӸ˻ûȥεİշԲʲôȥ軹ȥ

ѩһ򶫣ǡԲĲʱ򣬶ҡ
˻֪ңԶĶһһĴ۹ػƽڴ󺣵ı˰һƬŮأءġ
εĳҲ֪Ǳ߲ߣǽɽһ·˻ɳ̻
ǧٿ׵ϵ۹᲻ỹԾȣɴ˳֮䱻˺ѡ飡
Ȳ롣
Ψһ֪ľǡ
ʱ䣡
ӿ첽ʧ֮ǰȫȡ


825 
Щ¶һ¶ץ죬Ҳûס

ôһٶബĶȥ
ǮŵĻҿȱѾǴֵģĲˡ
Ҳ˵֮ǰ귢ֽ£ͭǮǸӣһֵıǸռѾˡ
гͶôǾͲǺ£һˡ
ǣһٶബĶǸ⣡
򺣣ԽԽ壬һٶബ鷳
һ򺣣һԼסߡ
죬һֱæŰһӣ飬춼ûŶӺϱˡ

ߵԺǰһ˲١
ȥһ⸣׿ɸ˶ڣʦйӡ٫ڣһ鷿Ȳ졣
ʱˣŮҲ˳Сġ
ƣĽ鷿뼸λк
æˣš
ˡ
Żĵɨڵмһֲһü
ôˣ
٫ӵⲻǴӺǱߴ˵֮ǰԸҪģԾ͸͹ˡ
ܹ˺͹ӿʣǱ߶ĶȻһԭ˭Ҳû
̵һ裬ʮȭͷСʺεĹӣͦÿġ
רģҪȻҲܺǸϵһ
Ŷȵͷ
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ɣ
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һҧһڣֱ֭ˮŶ
һ߳ţһ߻ܹ˳ʶΡ
ҲзѡԵˮԣҲȡΪںǱ߶ԭضһж˶Ϊж
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˵Żҧһڡ
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Ҫ˵ЩӡڰҲǹʵϵģûһ˸ҳжû
캼ŷ֮һ˻ɱûû¶űҷ֡
һһڳԵǽһˬܹ˺ݺݵ¿ˮ
û
棡
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ȵһۣȸ
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ҲԶȹһҪûٸλʦҲٰ
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⻰õģô˵ȴҲʲôˡժ¹Ӹֵ䨣һ˷һ
׿ɸҲû¡
һͽʮӣ꣬ʣһ
˵ĳʳζ˽ϲ޲޲ڡ
ȶʮûԹζˣϣһܡ
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ǲ֪ɣ֮࣬Ū
νһһ٣ů֣¾ͳ졣
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˼ˣȇNɪһЦƬ½ϱߣںǷġ
Ҳ˵ѵʱȴ¡ʱڣǴѩ˼ˡ
һָֻʣһӵǱӦǱߵĽǹǶ죬ȴ졣
ԣǲԵĹӣһļڡ
꣬޲棬ʱоֲһˣζ˼֡
죬֮ˡ
ʱԺ⴫춯ƳͷһƣȴǷĴ˽
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䨵˷һۣȴڼ簮
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Ҳ䨿ųģԼҺ졣
ɸϽдƤһû
Ҫŵ㣬Ǹ״˶ôˣ
ƲԹҲ˵ŵ㡣
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ϵãʺʺĽһ裬Ǻÿ
򺣴ӴۣҪҪģͰԼȥˡ
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ŵϹͺͺһһƲ졣ϧˡ
һ˵ȴӣûȥţ㲻ܳԣҲÿ
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ŶĲɵӦšôһð
ȷʵ
ʲô
͵ı
ôһã
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˵жĶҪǷҪһöŪһûģʵˡ

ͷһͷڶ
ŵмͺͺ̧ԼĶӡɨ˿տյ˫֡մ֭ˮ촽
ĿⶨڷУһСϡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ʣһСĹ棬žӨĽɫϡ䱦һ㣬

һߡ
Ȼһʮĸ̫˽ǰˡ
˫۾￴̰
ǣһ
һ֣һСӦڡ
࡭
ûֱӾȥˡ

£
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826 
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壡
ӹ
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ʹһãĶˡ
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䨺ȻûʲôԣһȥڵСԺȥˡ
ͲܹҲߣȴסˡ
ǵȵȣһүɡ
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Ȱ鷿Ȳ飬Ҳ룬ǰǴκûһ
үȲ֪£
ϼָгʻ𣬷´ȵ鷿Ժˡ

Ǻǣϼֻ治װģڿԺӣͷе㲻ζˡ
ɣôʺĵطֲ޻Ǻܵ͵ģû帣
û뵽һ³ǣסһҲȾǵĲ
Ҫô˵˾û֪ʱҪ˵סĵطѾˣǡ
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ѹַС˵Ƕסڳ⣬ԭȳһǰ
ո·ǰֻԺͷﻨŲ裬Ȥ߶ϻб־Сźţǿ翴д㡣
ϼе㲻ζ˵㿴˼ңӮŵŸ󣬺Ų赭дľͰԼҵ·š
ٿ³ǣһɷ٣䡣
ڱʿ֮Уѿġ
ϼͻȻָооԼǰʮ궼׻ˡ
Ժ֮һˮ׹⡭֮ã

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ġ
裿ϼһ͡¶Ұ
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ϼûڣȳˡ
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¾֮ӮͱԱʿ֡
ǣǰεעû취ֶγ׼Ψһİ취Ƿֻ߽⡣
̵֪Ľֶһ֣ʿȻһʱڵĻҡʱë֯ҵңǸǿġ
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ϼ΢Уһôģое˼
ͲϷ㣿
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ΪүʲôӲ֮񡣡
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ЦŨүѡͬʱҲѡ塣ҲͶ״Ӵ뱱ʿ峹׾𣿡
ֲ˵ë֯ζҪؾɳ׷ֵȲ˵ǾлĻ

ֲһͷͬȵĻȻѵϵİһһС𣬷һߡ
̧ͷϷԼ𣿡
롣
Ұж󣿡

ȹЦ⽥ȥ
ܴ󣡡
ܴǶ󣿱Ϸʲôά£Ҳ˵ʲôټҡʦ
˵˵ʲôĿģ˵γɹ֮ʲôĿ꣡
˵᲻컻գ

һޱ飬ܹ˺͹ôɵˡ
е˰ɣ
ȸղſ¡Ǹ̶ȣҲ˵εսԻҪϼֶʡ
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һҲԣֲôеһôշģôõģɲùټи
ǣ㲻ֱ԰ϼʵˣֲˣӦ
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ĿͶ˳ȥûֱ⣬ͻأʵүô֮ʢ
ϼֿЦҡͷʢ֮ʢ
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ͷϼô˵˵ҲΡ
ǣⲻȵĿڣʵ⸻ԣ̫ƽζأ
ϼһüͷӺ˵Ĺ̺ϰɣ
ûյľ棬ҵһ;ȷʵľޣǡ
ѵӺƾشϷ𣿡
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үΪʼʵһͳϣڣ
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ϹŵܣԭũҵԡΪĺ֮񡣿ǣײޣչսʱڣѾڱͣ˸İˡ

ӹ񣬺˷еԭжʳٺӡ
ԣʳĲֱӹϵ˿ڵĶѡ
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ǣСһҲмޡʵʢʱڣԭ˿ھѾСļˣҪһָ߲

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΢΢֣ү߼ռǵ

ʵĴֵˮʷȥˣǧǰ
ϧһΪΪںͼԵʣˮһֱ޷ȡС󣬴ʳԭԼ
Ͳ˵ˣԭԭʼĵֲСߣҴӲ죬Ҫµʱ䡣ټһ£Ҳǰʱ䣬һֻһ
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ʵȻռǵĲߣҲûߵȥԸߵûĴ˿ڵĳ̶ȡ
Ҳǲǳڡ
µصոֻҪ£Щ¾ɴֵա
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һӡһʱ䣡
ҲΪʲôǿڲֲ࣬ϣܴպŹҹĻʷĳԭ֮һ
ΪϺʱˡ
ʳĽǶʷôСǵһ̨ףռǵǵڶ

ϼַ֣ĺһܵ顣Сһڳˣȴܷ˼ı졣
࣬ʳҪԣôǰ˵ľѵʲô
ǣȴûʳȫֵĽǶȣһǧʷ
̾һЩ˵ұܰ
ȵһǧ֮ȴǰѹŪ˽ز

ȿϼ֣һǧ֮

ԣһڷһѾ
վүƲ˵
Ѽֲ뵽ǰȡһŴɽͼչ
ϼһۣ鼸֣νͼ
ǣͼͦҲͦ󣬴κ񡭡еСֻͼм仭ССһ㡣
һָͼңʮڴεһƬء
үӦѾ֪ˣǱ߲ǾͷһƬ½ء
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үҲӦ֪ӴǱߵĶ
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ԡصͷ
⼸۲԰Ѵεһ
ңʵƹ㿪ԶֹһıҲǲܣ
Ŷ
Ƚ͵ү֪ɣסˣҲء
ͺͺȡμӦԼǿɽءʯͷӶֵó
ү֪ζʲô𣿡

ֲԲ˫ۣû뵽ССİҾ޽֮У۵һСӾ
˿ڣ
ϼּ˻ֱð̹⡣
ˣ֮䣬޴ɸ޴֣Ȼ
лǧ򣬽˿ڣʱһƽˣ
ܱıڶడ
Ǻǡ
ЦļΪģʳһüֲ֮춼˯ž⣺
һǧ֮ǲûаպãôǸү൱ĸεһֺ壬ү㡭
硢Ρ䡢ӣ


828 Ұ̫
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ƣһ־Եĺƣ
ʹ֮ܿܿĸڵľ棬ǣΪ»ʯ·룬ֲѾˡ
κһĶ˵ջ

Уϼֿʼûʧ
Щ̫磬ӺҪ¡
ǿУ⣬ǿĸں䵽ˡ
뵽ֲſټɽͼϣǷɿת
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ָͼϡССγϱ߿ڵסؿֲô֮ƶɽҲٲ⡣
ԣ֮ҲܿΪʷ
ϼַɿ˼ţڲԶĽ֮Ƭػȱӵĸ
ѹܵˣ׼

Уϼ˵ָͼһǡ
ǴɣȻֻûдǴɣϼϵãǾǴɡ
ڵ˿ѾҪκıƣɽвѹɰ˸ϵɳĮȥ
ԡո˵꣬ԼԼƷô鷳
סͺͺģҲ˵復Χ֮ڣຮ֮أԿɸ֡
ֻҪũͷͺá
ũҵʳɣô򡣡
ģָͬûֵĽ
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ѡƽؿżֲˮ
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~ֲһ֡
ʱģӺҲòҴ˰ɣ
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̧ͷʮ䣬Ϸʱ޿̲ڿŹһһΣϷһ⡣
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үԲ٣ĸǰѸڵҵճϳһ塣
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㡭
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ѧĴڼֵûзչʱ䡢ռĵز֮ǰĽ̻ͳβ˵޿ġ
ңûߵѧһѧҲûô
ֻá̡дһ˽ͳν׼һȥɣ˵Ŀѧ̽һˡ
ֲؿȣ˵ﻰʹڿ˵̹ƫƫϼֻֿ͸ĸо֮ȥ
Ѿ˳ȵ˼·ܵķŷˡǣǸȵĽࡣ
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ȵɲУҵ£үģүֻ迴ô¡
ڻҪЩӣȻү׼õġ
Ǿ͡ϼؿɽͼǾô°ɣ
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һǸʾ䣬ʵǼֲ֪ﵽ׻װʲô֮롣
ҲûüүʧشԶԵʾ䡣

㻹Σ
һָͼϣǽֺ򡣡


季
ں߲
Ρ
˵ͣȲƫͷϼֶһ졣
ү˵ʼʵһͳϣͳһ⡢̣֡أ
̫죬ϼֻûָЩطع˰Ŵ
ս֮ʱ֡ԣĻѾʼַ硣
ַɲǷ뷽ԣֺͷ֮Ĳ𣬶ȫȫ˲ͬķ䷢չǺŷޣ˷ɫͬϱҲͬ㣬Ҳܱںϳһ塣
ֲ
ǿͳһô˵ԭػɶٸСͳһھϴӮˣҲճϳһ塣
ʼ֮ߣȥֱȴǿн˸ķͳһ̡ͳһͳһ֡ԡ
Щһųɾ˻ǧһͳĴ֡
Цŵͷϼ汾µˡ
ٴһָͼϡ
үû֣ĸεĴ壬͵ʼ֣֮أ
񣿡ֲ˼񣿡
ȵ߳ȥ
˶˼ԣ
㹻У
ô
ھǧ֮ǰɨϡ
ξʮؼף
ࡢ롢ԡκ
ҲأĻ
ǵĻͳһ֮󡭡

ȴһǣ޴½ա
ͼ·һûĴ󵺡
ϷһƬհס

ɽͼϻһȦָ߬һȭͷһɽͼϷļ֮ϡ
Ρɽӡͼ


ɽͼ

ɽͼ
ֲؿͼϵļ֣Ѿ˼ˡ
ѹֵͼϵĴֻôһ
ѹִɡֻнȴһհף
ѹ֡ͼдɽͼ
ˣ
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ϼһεĻᣬ϶ӵҰģͲôĵĴ𰸡
Ҫʲô
Ҫͼ
㡭㡭
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̫ˣ
ԣǣǣж¾ж󡣡
ϼֿûװʮ૵⡭𣿡
ܡȻش̹Ȼ
ֵһԡ
򣬺ʲôֱ𣿡
գ
үһۣ
ŲĶ㣿


829 
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ӹһǧ꣬Ҳûĸһ˵ҪѾӶ˼ڵĵز
Ҳȷʵ̫ܣԼûֹ۵Ϊɹ
κ˶򵽵ж󣬸һ緫ʹٴҲܰѵС
οԸ߳ȥôûбڸõĻˡ
ŷ޻ûдȨͳ߳ɽͼеϹžûеȼո˵ԭ֮
ľî˾Ҫشһ
˰ˣҲʢߵ
һҺ󺣵ķ緫һ˫۾һ֧ƿŵ֡
ڴΡ

ҲʱˣǰᣬҲᡣ
ֵ÷һһ𣡣
ȿʹûɹŪһֳɵأҲ׬⡣
ˣЩǿͷӾǿȡһһֳؾѪŻԻ͡
ȿŴɽͼоǿȣ
ԸǾʮһ͵ղɣ

Ȼûʲôá
ðɣȸҿ϶һ䡣㲻ǣ˼Ҳࡣ
ӿϼ֣ʱ㲻ӦҼôˮأ

ֲֻû˸ոյ޴룬һȻƲɽͼһۣȻȫ֮Ļתʼϵİ
˵ЩΪʱ𣿡
٣
ˣӰϵ׶˳ˣûס㣿
㼸˼
ߡϼֵһߣİȰǰһع˵ɣ
˼ǣζһɲȥ㻹򣿻ȰѸά¶Ūİɣ
˵ţߡ
Ϸȿеͨвͨ

ү
ȿϼȥıӰͲˣװ棬ϼ
һץϵɽͼ
ʹضŴͼڵͼϻһȦ
Ͳ˵ɶ
ϼͷûأ㻹Ǻú룬ô˸һذɣ
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㵽ôİ
˵㻰Ըķ

вУɲɣô׼
һΣι룬ֲûлش𡣽µĲӼתʧСԺ֮⡣
ȿĽǶȣϼ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ѿ˴𰸣ֻȻûʶˡ


죬ֲ˵ǲ߲ݡ
Ѵĸĸ֮ߴͷβϸϸۿϸϸݣϸϸоҹ

죬ȥҹϼΣϻŲ
֮ϼԼȣҪ̺еĿ

Ҳǹ˵Ҫʲôʲô
ôӾͲһǧ֮Ĺûˣʲôܸġ
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ӰŪǿɫİ㵽׼˼ʹġ
߶ţǱ߶ϼ־͸Ƶģ𲻻ͷֻһ°Ӱɢڷ

رϴλʮ죬үûԼ鷿
ʮ쵹ûҹϼ֣Ϊһ¶Ҫ졣

ǧࡢžŰʮһѣƷڡ
ڣ
Ȣϱˣ

ʵҲûʲôɸ˵ģϾСȶ콵ˣһᷢãĸøɵĲøɵĶˡ
ô˵ڡ֤ϸڣϷˣôҲһµġ
죬ȫǣ¸Ƶġ
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˼пС쵰ڳɼˣ

ݹʦʮ֮ǰͿʼĻҲˡ
٫˷ᡢв϶ˣȻܷŹȡ
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ڶһ磬δѣ;ڱ߶ʹҡΡ
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񡣡үһϵģ氡
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ͨ˿·ǳ˵һпɣ֮һֱڣֻ֧ûӯ
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ڵֱӣ˲ܶ׵˾⡣
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øҪڵжϣǳϼֿ֮ضһ˷ѡ

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ϼ֪ʲôСС©ʲô÷֮ء
һĴϼֽ첻ܷܿչΪһ󻼣


ҲŮͳơ
Ҳʮ֮ɣѲ˴ΰڽɽԼҴӵץֵǸ
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ЩǺ󻰣Ͼ֮ҪʮҺܴѾܳˡ
ȵУҲÿǽ;⡣
Ϊʷݣɻѡ
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ҡ
⼸꣬βͣҲûš
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Ϸ಻ǲܾݺ˹ΪֵܣΪȡ
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๫ˣ

ֲųϿ°ݵȣûǰûаϲ
͵һ䣬˫ƱǰǴ񼰵أ
͵ˣ


831 ˵ط
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˭뵽γԹˣϽɳ̲֮¶ҾΪһͬĿߵһأ
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ܹһ߿Ϸֱ磬Ϊȳܣԭǡ

ںӱߣвʪЬ⡭⻹Ѫ


ǻдЦ⣬ôĴָһ󡭡
˵ᣬǰ
԰ȹšϽİɣ˼Ҫȥмү˳İ
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ǰʿˢˢжӶǹһֱͦ
ÿһˡ࣬顣
һϣֻһ˫ɺ¶Ѫ׹⣡

Ĺʶĸֳһν
桢֡


835 
ȿӪеսǹɇNɪеѹסˡ
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̶һʱ䣬ݵıʼбѾչˡ֡

ոǧˮѾǧˡ
УֻһʯֵܴĽһˮɲ
࣬һ֮䣬״ϸ棬£ϸἲ£ġ
ڵݿɲȸʱֻ״ﲿǧʱˡ³ۼʮἰա
УӺ͸ŮͶ³ǵĽ֮УСУ󲿷ֶӪ
ЩȻ˵庺ӣԾ»ûʲôϰߣȺ˸ھ
Ϊȸľùߣһֻ֮ҪһģһС崾ʵԣھӪȺܿ
һĹ򣬾Ѿ߹ģ˵ȥҲᶪˡ
ôȵضĹ㵭Цûòʧɣ
⡭ĹǲʧֱǾϲ
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˵еҫ
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ǰȺͷ;Ĺ⡣
ٯǸңʲô
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ûϵıͲᷢ
ҪʵǸԶĿ꣬Ǻµެ񣬻ǳ͢µ񡭡еĲǳ֮

Ĺ㱻Լ˵ЩΣΡ
ݣвպԻᶮ֮ġ
ͦ˵¶ôһֵЩȱȱ
ݲݹֻĹԼھӪܾ˽Լܹˡϼ֣׼ȥˡ
ߵӪţӪ߶ϵũַæһ¶
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ȥٯӸҽй
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ȷˣҲûʣضУһ˹
ȼ˶ˣЦǺǵʺãٯϣɻϰߣ
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˵Ż߳Ӫûл³ǣǹ˸䣬ֱũǱȥˡ
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ǲ߶ϵٯկΪɽ࣬ԸΪҵڲ
״ȥݾ۾ӣٯ᲻أʵڵֲסĸá
Ҫ֪ʹеؿ֣˵ĸˮƽԭʼճɱزʳǣǱʲ糵ľʵܽկܶ⡣
ԣֻǳһ׳ݵڲֵء
ٯһң࿿Ակ
ڣȵٯгܹһʱҲ벻Ҫʲô

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һͷˣ»кηԸ
ˣͷѼСӵݴŰɣ
𰡣ɲû޳
һ밡͸ƵģΨǴӡ
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ȱĵغ˲һۣǵϢ
İɣҲˣ·ڲռɽΪǿ֮ٱɲɣ
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ɣɣ
л࣡
Ǿǿ˵ģ˵ɡ
ɾͺáĵͷ
ˣҲȥɣҾͰļСӹžۡ

߲ɣתһɵٯɼӡ
ٯϸ磬Ҳˣϲɱˡ
ôҰѲǽٯ䣬ܸܲҹܺã
ٯǵŶӷ롣
ɼ꣬۾ɵԲʱе㷢
ǰ
ǲ˵ٯһǣҲǶˣ
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˼ǣвУȻû˶ȻԭĻʵһүƹܣǴˣóǡ
ɼķ룬ȷЦûʲôýõġ
ոھӪѾ˵ˣǺˣˣˣ
ˣȻ˵ĳǣҲܵôεĳǣ
ôˣ
ȲɣͷϸĴȥŶɼ֮˰ܡ
Ժٯˣ


836 Ҫе
ڴûиıߺ͹֮ǰʹеµľӣбҲġ֮ء
׼ȷ˵˵ˣڴʿУ⣬ǴεĽֻУɽͼϣôοܴ
ԣúѲͽˣʵ£ܼȵһãĹϵ
ֶΪأ

ũ۷׼Ȼؼңϼûʲô¶ҲҪؼңͬС
ˣм๫
Ŷ
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˵ҪϱټҰӪؾټܲӣ
ϻؼֲѣһֱûסӪɺӿڲʲô£˼룬û취̤ʵЩ
ϷȰͷ
ΪʲôȲ⡣ӪϣҲѹԶΪ֮
Щ̱ŪԹ˲Ͼ˳µĺʱټҪּһ˳ҡ
ϼҡͷǺ˵ľƣϧȵô˵ط
ܼ򵥣ⲻκǰˣڹټԼ
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ʱȻ˵
ϼֵ˵ͷϿɣ֪ȵĲѾ³Ĺؼ
ûټ㶼Ҫһ֣ȻҲҪһĹ㣡



߼еңҲ˳
ŵùĹ㣬ǣȡ
ǣңĹ㱾ˣͬʱҲȹϵǳԣĹͬʱҲòһ֡
һĹһأһĹһľأ
ǰĴεһսԼߣɾͲʲôˡ
꣡ȷ߷ߵĳ
ȥ˼Ҫв֮ģͲǽˣ
Щȣֲȴʮƽ
Ȩ֮ˡ
֮ϣ㲻ȥˣȴ񶾵ķȥ㡣
ԣˣһ㶼
бһϼ֣Ĺˡ
Զ㽣Ҫ˸һЩһЩ
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ûȷʵֵ
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ȣҲһҲڿڽ߾ܵĳһ𣿡
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˵ͣŽµɳ̲Զһ޼ʡ
๫ǲҲãȺɡ
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ðɣϼô顱е㲻ϰߡ
๫
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һũԶֳ֣ﲻʲô󣬽ַ׳á
쵼
Ϊ˴ȫ¸쵼רȥũȡ
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ֻǰѼŵȥԳ棬ѼϵӾɽϳԲݡ
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ѼȻͱˡ

ȵĸף¸ȣʵһһ쵼ӦðѺʵ˷ںʵλϡ
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Ҳ鲻üֲѣԼܷ֡
Ҳ޺Ӱۣʯ編ͲɻؾɽľͶɱѿ֮ˡ

˵ϼе˰
ֻܷ裬ƨɡ
˱ҲûôֵҪ


837 Ǳ
ϼҪȷʵһ㣬ǡ
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˵Ҹ𷢷裬๫ƨ

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ԺȲ裬СӹĶ
ʱֵ¡ȴů졢ˣϺ˵Ǳȿ̫ˡ
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ѴŶˣС뵰ǽ߶һӡ
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Ҫ˵ĿڸؼˮˣŲء

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֪𽺻治Ķ֡ȴ֣ϲϲʪƫԵɳ
Ļģֻбγ25ϵĺϡ˫ɣиһСطܹЩ
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ڶ죬ȷʵûȥͲܹˣͬʱ·˷͹ӡ
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Ǳƺܶ˲İں˵񣬺ųǻܴһ֧ӡ
ȻеԹʵұĳǱܴܲҲ֪
ǣȴʮȷţγĹǱôˢӣǾʵġ

νǱʵǹ׳岿ս
׳ڱʱڣһ֡
ٯἣ
ûҲǵٯǸҵǸٯ塣
֮ԾùǱҲΪǳҡ
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ǰװбҺñ֮ˡ
ڵ֮ǰ˼ҿǴĴαҲš
ңٯǸƾǧղȫ׶ûУϳǱ˹ϣӺϵʮݸ˵
ԶĲ˵ֻ˵ع֮ս
ʱӪһʮǴʤǣӪʲôװʲôѵˮƽ
ʹٯǻҧӪţһֱ׷ݳҲҪѵӪҧɺݾͲһ߱ġ
ңȻ֪˵ڹǱ֮˶ϰһȭ׳ȭ
׺Ƶġ̩ȭڣ˵Ǹƫʵս̩ȭս档

ںһ񶷱һõľֹ׳ȭ
ǽһҡ
Ҫ̨ޣλʮ붼Ų˵ȫ޻֮
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һ֪ԭ̨ǶСˣĹ׳ǫ̃̄չʾҪ˵Ķ࣬͵Ķࡣ
һȫΪսȭûκλڶ׷ľһƵУ伫
ʲôš۾ײͷֻҪܿ˵ʤûκԣڹ׳ȭʽ֮С
𺳵ǹ׳ȭôһС
ҧ
Ұʳһ㣬ר׼˵ľһȥ
ս˭ҪĶ֡
ȻòӰɡ


ôӣһԭ
ͶǧٯǱһٯԨԴǵٯǸ֮ʱǧҵ֮ʣǧŲ
е˼ˣҪ֪ٯǸ߾ƾǧ˴ʮݵģٯӵҲǧġ
꣬ٯǸһ·ռ˹ϵĴأһֱ򵽺ϡ
ռ캣֮ٯǸ߲ûΪʤ֪ͣʹٯսʤǿ˵أǴλûģһγʱӮδڡ
ҿϹ⣬زģƽ̹Ϊϲɽٯأ콫ǧϣ·
Աһ֮ʱش󵺣ܺء
ǣµͷȴûµ֡
Ӻϸճ˵࣬ˣƲء
׼ӵ·Ǳնϣغϣ޿ܡ
֮飬˶ٯǸߴܣϵǧǱͳ˹¾
ܳ¼ɣûüʰϵٯвͱ˾ʦ
ǧǱֲ֧ԮռΪ˴һɵˡ

ȴȼ˱ˡ
ǿݵǰ;ȥ꿪ʼȾͶ״ἸȥȰ
ڣڳˣ



838 һܰ
أأ
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뿴һ֮õǱ׳ʲô
϶ɫѿΪƣ°ָžӪһǣĻһ䣺
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ϵӪٯв֮һٯǸ߾ɲԺҪһʳܾкɫŹ֣
ûмŹȥοعһսǶںϣûв롣
ܾûĵǱһۡ
һû취սϴĳ𣬲һ仰仰ܻģֻܵԺ˵
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꺺û𣬱鼸Űĺ̬Ȳн
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ģҵĿֻѺԼˣĻ䱸ˡҿףǾͱڸ󣬸˭أ
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Сǰǣﵱɼҡ
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꺺ӻ̧˫ۣջǼᶨһȭٯ˼ǲ죡
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ܾ۾䲻м
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ˣˣȲͷֹסͷ
ٯ˼ո˵ûаԡ
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һָܾˣҲܱ֤ǲѰ𣬸ֵܱ֤һǡ
һеһУҪԼȥ֤
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ҪȻһתҪǴһܰɣ
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һ￴ֱֵӾˣǻûôġ
ԶĹҲüͷšһ˵ʵеˡ
ð
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ԣǱʲôɫ
϶ǳ꣬Ⱦƫͷٯ˼ʣ׳ȭ𣿡
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ȵʱ£뿴˵еĹ׳ȭ׶
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Ϊʲôˣȼ
ٯ˼ҡͷ׳ȭɱȭдòϡ
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գ
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ɣҰɶ¶
ܣ
˭Ӷ˵ߣ첲۾Ҫɡ
վš
˵Ż⵽ٯ˼߶һָӣһܡ
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һ־ͷǵɱˣ
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ӵıеٯ˼ǺӵĶ֡
Ȼǧ˸ǺǸĸ֣ǻˣ
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ٯ˼ֿһۺӣͷȵɱʲôô
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ٯ˼ɣǲǮҪʳ
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ɽ

Ǳ߶ˣʲôʲôô͸ƴгˣô͡
ôֵһٹǮˣ
ٿСӣҲôǼƷһٹᣬ㻹һʯ
ôʶ𣿻
̸ˡǮѾԼˣüһƾϡ


̶ϢȻߵ϶ߵĹս
ٯ˼źɳɶԶ
ӣɫɷףؿŵһȥٯ˼һİë
Сϣ䱻һ飬Ѫ

˶ɵˣҧ
ҧˡ


839 
Ȼһɲֻٯ˼Ѿ嵽˺ǰ޻ڵһϥײ˫ֻҪһٯ˼Ӿͱ¶Ĺ֮ڡ
Ժӵ֣ܸκδϢ֮
ǣѾʽϣֱѾ³ȥĵڣٯ˼Ʋ˫͵Ҳ˶
һִϺӵļһְѺӵԴԱһžĶѪܵľҪ졣

ҲǺĴ֣һ˲䱾ܵıУʶһұ۸ɴ۳⣬ֱײٯؿڡ
꣡

ȥģ
⣬أкӵĺͬʱ
ֻһɲǵĹһ֡
һ飬ʶУ
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ˡ
˵Żбȥ
򵹵زٯ˼ңֻ˹ȥ
һʱӦ䣬ֻҶ;⣬ֻһ£ٯ˼ͱɡ
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æԸȥй
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ٯ˼Լԣɱ˼
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ܾ¿ˮ󷢸ɵĺҵĴš
ɣɶ
µĿʲô֣Ͻˣ̧ȥ
ŶŶ
ܾ޴ǰŵڵϵٯ˼Ȼеûţݣ
Ҫ֣ʮٯ˼ҲǺӵĶ֡
ɸոһĻò϶սϱĵð
ȻȻܴӺ˺һҰ


ְ˽Űٯ˼̧ӪŴɺá
˺һٯ˼תѡ
ߣһ仰ǣ
Ҵ򲻹
ģͷһʯ
𣡡ȼæ֡˲ɱˣһʯҸһ͸
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У
ȳһ˳Ӫʣ༤ˡ
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˻
ȴ˸̫롣


̵ߣһ·Ϻƣ̵ģԼƽ޹÷蹷ҧһڣȻͦˡ
ͱʦ÷γҲǺеֵľ֡

ȻԵһ
вƽ߷߳ĳһʱ⣬ⲵĵ´Σһˣ
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ҲǸѣʧݣҲʧˡ
СӻǷ߷߲ƽӮˡ
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صŮ˲ϣһŪС
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ǣƫƫСһһŴ۾ཱུСֳһӣǵ˹Ц
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һΣָ£С쵰ͷ˯鷿ȥȥֻﲻϵˡ
Сһ޹ſ˫ۣѰɸĲҪ
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ᵽ鷿磬Ҫ鷿ˡ
ߵŮǰԲĶӣʼд
Ҹ˵Ͻţǵ鷿˯Ĺˡ
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𣿡һüͷⰡ
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ˣ
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ȷЦмƵó֮С
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Ҳܡɸ졣ӡҲһǶӣ
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һӣ

ȴ˸ĵ
ӻͰ


840 һſ˹ĺ
ʮһ£ůġ
ݲǾũ£³ǵĽ裬ݱĽţ˵ĸɾ֮ǰ˼֡
î˾׼ص֮ǰͷϵ¶һЩ꣬ҲһЩ

ķΧ֮£Ψȳ׵һӦ񣬽ԽֲԼרڼλӡ
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źӻûҪݵһЩϼһȺ͸û˼Щˡ
պϼ˵û䣬ȷûһڣһѾ߾ͷƵܽ
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Ѿæһţϧٺɸվھ׿⡣
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ɱƵ໽лʱԺæһࡣ


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ǼȵĴˣֵĺӣлмСϲáָ飬ͱˡ
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尾һʱڣһӤ֮͵Ժը졣
ԭֽŷ໵һͱ
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ôк˷үԸкɣ
ôڣҲһꡣ
һʱ䣬ҪǱĸӡϸ˵еû˰ɣ
Ժ⣬϶۳ǸNɪζ
ƫͷץͿʼ꣬˵Ҳץ˰ĸˣôﻹûӰأ
ĿϳðбŲܾǿٰˣǺأ
ܾһʱԶԣ¾ģͰϱӹһѣͲűȲӣ

ͦãǱߵ˷ܹһ仰òܾȥ
ֻھ׿ǰⲽšüͷ֮죺
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ֹһʱѾֽűÿһѾҪץһ죬ôˣ
ɻشǡáĪ֮ûӪ׻;׿ǱȻ²ôҲѾ˺üΡ
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Ҳɰ
ƾʲôǶкҵŮ

ãͷȥһ˻ͷߡ
أ£


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˵˶һۣᡭ
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÷˭϶ͼûǣֻӣҪŮɸȴǣӾͱһŮϡϡʱоůůġ
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ԴõοЦٸߵľλʲôãԽȨȴԽԽСȫңĹȥƱȨһѡ

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ͷ࣬Ҳ֪ߵˣʲôʱܻ


̫ƽԶͷࡱʱȴڴĶѰŻؼҵ·
ȿ㹻ԶĿԶǣǴ½ӵкݴк
ͻῴխֱ纣ϿϣŶصľ޽Ӵתк
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ʱΪ˶˽һٶബġѹʯʹӣЩ

Ϊѹʯʯͷһٶബġѹʯ֮ǰ⻻ɵδɡ
ûһٶബĴѹ֡ʱοѩ壬ôеࡣ
ҵƬŷް͵´½֪̫ȼ֮ˡ
ñηŸƨģôȽֵǮ

ʱŷޣոտʼӲӵũҵתͣԸȽũҵߺ͸ּոտʼչ
ƹߣԭһǧĶŷ޲Ÿոտʼܶطûء
֮ڵŷοĶûȡ
ڴһǮһ룬ֻҪ㻨ܻصĻƽ𣻲ϵȵ˿ЩԸκֵǮĶ
ο»ʮƥ֡
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ˣο֪ǸĴһ൱ڼǧĶصĴũׯ
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֮οļ̱ʱ¶࣬ʮƥµˡ
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ǸΤοġ

ΤԼ˵ͽԵкʥǡ
ʹһ˵磬ߺ顣
ΪһɹˣӰһֱеεȪݣҲ鲼ÿһкذ
ȻˣЩοǲŵġ
ҪΤ˵ǰ㣬Ҳᱻ˹ƭӵ
ܾΤԼҲ벻ĲĲƸǽΪẺ
Ǻÿ͵˹ΪǸңԶĶͻͽսѣһѾһڲеߵˡ
Τ˵ԭȷʵ˴æ򣬵Ͳ²⣬ŷް͹ǵĽȻô˳


842 ս
ʵϣοĵĲûе
ʱŷޣոմǰڵս֮ԺƽȨӶȨҲʼԿ

ʥ۹Сʵۻ꣬ݵСһѾʼԽ̻淴
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ΪӹˡѩȰοǳΪ̽ߵĵطԽ࣬ȥ֮ԴɵİԽ󡣡
ԲĺͼϣԽϸ
ҹɫīĴ󺣣һ˫ȵĿ⡣
ǶԵģ²Բģұдöࡣ
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ǽǶô鰡

ˡοЦҡͷôȥֹջźͼˣͲܻһ˵Ȱң
ѩ嵭һЦҹɫϵؿο
Ϊֻ˵ǹá
οȻһ̾ðɣȷʵá
Ҳīڵĺ棬˭뵽ǴСͷΪʥ֮ԡԭǴġ
˭뵽ΪĵĴγźͼϣԭֻռôССһأ
Ǽһֱ˵ģ
ԭǼڣҪʥˡ
ѩͷԲ
ǻصΣЩѧι룡

ףô˵ԩԲģһŰ캺ڶͻأ
οһüûͷҲ֪˭
ΤڴΣ͵˵൱ľٶ
ڰһͷȴźĴӡ
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ˣˣ
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~~ΤǱǿ׷Ȼû͵

Ҳ˯

ûͺõΤҪ˵

Ϳ˵οСƢܲĥߴ
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Ҫʹ˵
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ο˵ˣȻܸ߶
ȻЧοһĬΤʧȥĻᣬתѩ塣

ѩҲǰͷ˵ʵΤĥߴҲе㷢
ӲͷƤһ˿ЦݣΤʲôҪ˵
ΤüͷոĻҶ
ԩԲģ˵
ħҪͷ
ѩеЦãػࡣ
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ǣħŵҪͽħǰ˵ĻҲȲ

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ոˡΤ˵ħʵָ˹ͬŷްͰˡ
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Τǳںģѩ壬ڡħǰҪ˵
ЦŻصΤȥΣӦ֪һ㲻ŷ
ֻҪţ˵ˣһ˵ħ
~~ΤƲ졣ħǲ
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ҪԿҲȲǵ
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Τԣûʹ˴סӦȴӵļңΪʲôһҪȥ
ħĹ磬ͽǵ𡣡
Τȥ֪᲻˵

ǻ
ô˵߾ߵ
Τ

Ǻǣ
ѩ嶼еھƷȻжԶԶ


ݡ
һ꣬˵ȥһ껹㲻
ΨһˣҲûͣ
Ҫֺ
ΪŮͣһʱȣְѴֺ
ϼһԴҪҹۣү϶̧ƨɾߣ쵰˵һĻᡣ
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ʵû취ɴüëһ㰮ԼȥϷ򲻹ܣ
ܲСȻǸͶϼˡټǶҸ㲻
ϷҲ㲻ֲ
һӶߣοϷӣ
Ƚϻһа취

ϼֳŭˣڱ߶ϵķ񶼿ʼͬүˡ
ȵʹҲˣҲͣ
ȣǰүΧ
ģͲͣһ죿
ðɡҲֲ̫ʡǾ͹˵
ҲУϼҧۡ
ɴͱ룡


Ȼ˵㻰һֱԪڣû¶
ʮ
һϼֶĵģǸͻȻĵǰǸƲ
зҲûȣֲ԰
֪ȶǲˡ˼ңһ綼ڼźӡ
ǣշûһ۾˵ԼǸʡĵѾͷȥͷƴˡ
ϼֵʱͻˣŭľլӱ
ˣ
һƻŮ͸˻һʲôӣ
ң˭һãһʮġ塱гʲô
ٶңʹõһȥҲܺͷϣļҵġ塱Ϲϵ
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ھӪǱ߷أ
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ĲǱˣ³ǹݹʹҲ¡
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843 ֮
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˵ˣΪǵʶͲ¶
ֻҪû٣ûˣǾ֪͢û˱Ҫûõ¡๫ǹһ꣬Ҫ
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˵ʲô˵⸸ӶҲû¡
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¡
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ʵʵ˦ɼϣɼһһ㶵ġ
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ɼɫףҪ⣬ҡ
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ǱģǳԸɷʺͷͷģ

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ͨһ̱ڵأʲô취
汲ἾȦķ򡭡
ֺˣǵù
˴ˣǵù
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µȷŭţĿɼȴԽԽˡ
ңõʲô
ɼ̧ͷۿ˿ȣƫͷ˿䡣

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˾ǣˣմΣΣļң͡ǡΣ
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˲Ĭϣ¶
ƾǣ˵ļֱ
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˵ȷſɼؽ̨Ӹ¡
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׷
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ʱ˿̣УϵֻһѪֱţԭãԵȻ޴棬ȵӰһɱ֮ɢ
ɼյȭͷ죬׵Ĺǽڲס
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˵
֮ڣ

ܾǰһУ·һ̤
ǿߡ
ݾٯǺˣܾ̤ǰһ
Զ



844 ƨɣ
ӺƣԽȨ
ʱӪ֮ڣĹָȵıӷŭ߶ϵļֲһǣĿ
ܾŵߣֱߵĲ롣
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ˣ
ųȥˣôգ
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ôģ೤ʱ䣿Ҫȥֺ
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ҪǴǰҲ˵ٹټȥ㲻ϲֻҪйټͦһжɻùȥ
أټǸ⣬㻹
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ȷʵʱ򰡣
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ۣ
ĹһѪûС쵰ôƷȥܰԹƵͷ
㵱ʱ˵ѪӿĴܳ𣿡
ͶһĴȣǸϷʱ顣
ѪӿӦþ¶ľû

žĹţͷۡ
˰죬֪ˣƤԼʮҲһȣǿԼ侲໻һº͵ĵ
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Ĺ㿴ûҪ
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ǣҪǴξԶõЩ˵ҳϡָսϣĶԴʲôʹС
ĳ
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Ĺ㣬ܾһߣӪֻ֮ʣȺͼֲ
Ⱥٺһ֣ǸƦ
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Ҹ裬㸺𡭡
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վǶżүıӰ¶Ц⡣
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845 
촽촽һ֡±ߵȴҪͷˡ
Ĺ㱻ǡɱһʮǡһʮǡѪڣӱʲôˡƵϡͿʹӦñ
ǣһӪʣĹͺˣ۲ѵ̫Ѩ

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ǣһˣ
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ЩĹһĶûУûӮ
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ڵĽֺǸʺҰ˾۾ӵء
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ϴȥȲգҲûʲôɴĹ㿴ǸС

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ߣĹھôһߣֲҲûõĶȥھôʰ
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ǹټңǳǵ϶һ㲻©Ķϡ
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٫͡ټҼ񣬶ϼ֡ݣֱӱŴϵ͹ȥˡ
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Ż۾ȴϼ֣˵ϻҪ
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ֻү֮ǰָǽһ顣
ŵù𣿡

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๫αض˴ŭ㽻ֺðΣҵҲֻССʹǵ
Զԣ⽻ֺʹȫǸݰһûУ㵸͡
⳼쳯ټңټҴʴ壬֪⳼֮
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ǱҪǲԿ˵һù£ǰģʱͲһֺСˡ
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ռŸӴˣ
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ͻȻȻϻʵ۶е㲻ӦˡĵһӦǴӮˣӮ֮ʲô鷳
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ΪĴˮֶǺףǴͷȴվ˸ʳأ
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ڸȵͬʱȻҲĹˮң֪ƷӲǣ㼫ΪĬİĹƵǰ档
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ټڴңĹȻΪʤһʱ֮件ϲ裬ƽϢ˼ֳ֡
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Σʼ
֮󣬴չԭռŹʼѡϴμ̳ռŵı߾ռݣҪ糯ţ޶߾
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ڶ³گʯ䣬ٽʮռݣ硣

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Ҳܲˡ
ΪȰѱ˼ſڡ

ЩʥͽȻԶعŹİҳŵ⣡


۹ΪʲôӴأ
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ңڵ֮У൱һ־ǵ궫ͻǣ뵽ͻȺе
ʧȥԭʧȥţԶĺˣôĻ⣿
ƺƵĴδͣڰıӭȵģΤźõĲ̶ӣޱ޼ʵġ


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ֻǣ֪ΪΣϧһ䣬ûֱߺɰغ򱱣ִҪͣ

ˣĲӴݹ򣬼ʹڷԱ۹Ҳܲյ
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֮УסаħԼ־ȥĺ¡
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ҪһٶബװĶǻƽմɡ˿㹻۹ɳվãβӦýһ⣬Ҫȫ
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ǣޱ޼ʵĴδӽٺߣѹѹװĴξӴӴϵ½
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ȷʵһٶҴûǣô㵹Ǹ⴬ж󰡣
ʹİȻǰҲֻ壬һ춥ʮˡ

ΪһٴһΪ˱ɳմӢսʿ
ΪڵУؿȫʤ

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˵ԭԽԶ˾Խඡ
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԰ҽʽڣǿͽս֡ɴūͳߵϮڰԼȨľ
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ȻɸͻȻȥ±ǵɹŴʱʦԭ
ǣ³սʱĶǧɹȻȫߣҲ˵ľı뺷ˡ

ڶǺһӰƷ֮УľѵģʽΪԭ͵޵֮ʦ̵ӡ
֮衷е޹ߣڰ˹̫ӡ
ստûп־壡

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ȻľͬʱҲԭūļԺս
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Τ֪Ϣԣ£Ӧûصϣԭ·أӲа
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ʲôֻ֮Ǳϴ٣ΪˣǸħϰ֪ĺ޺С

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˵ˣ֪ĺǲָǵİ﷢
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ԣᣬѹǰ
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ԶħҷʿһսɣѪϴȥ䵶ߡ
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໹˵вʣǶ֮ȻϾ˼ɸ鷳ҳҪϷĺ뾳ûб鷳
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ԭѵ־֣ڣȴһҲҶ
ܵأҪӾԷ󻼡
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岩֮ʹӻǮʮʣ٫˷Ѿ๫棬ĸѵޡ޶˷ǮҪˣ
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Σ֮ȴΪ͢ǣΪҲ
ԣʱ˸͡ƽʱ¹ףɹؼʱȴʲôʵΪʧְ֮Ҳ

йԵ´ʳҳóĶ࣬ڴʳ֮Уһ֧ôһ֣´ʳҲҳҲˡó֮ҪգʵΪǡ

ؼǣִ̺֡˾һ״
͢˴νѾܣܹԣ֮ǰ޷͢ṩһ˾֧Ӧ߾ģ

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İƤ˵ǧһ㶼ûš㴬뺽ٴﵽ14ڣɴεġһʱǰ
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ʮ棬һֻһˣôٷٲʢҲࡣ
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ȴԼʼб֮ϻʵ±عף裬ÿձҹϢ
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˵˵İоӵУðٹټΪϿɹټҵ˵ǣһԴ˭Ҳ˭
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ެҲͬԲƲգһֻˣһȫ£
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Ҳû취İ취˭֪Ӹʲô¡ǻòǮɹѹأֻһ;

ݷ棬үǽӵ˹ټҵ
Σݱ꿪֮ǰֲֵ죬вأֲͷ

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ڵϻص´ʳԴ˵ʵңԶôطҳϸ
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һ㣬ҲǴοڰѸٵõ֧֣վȽŸһҪԭ
嶼ٯ˼һˣǰΨһĹ塭˵㣡
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ޱ飬˵ͷȻˣټϷ顣
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ĳһ䣬գչ
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ô˵أ
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Ҳû취Ѿһˣǲӡ͢ȥˡ
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ͺӶС羯ӡƱȫ绹̫һĴٴҲûʮһʹε̶ȡ
ռȫֵٷ֮߰ʮɲЦġ
˴ζ治̫֮⣬оǣʱһٴһģҲԴڲγɳкҪ൱һʱա
βǹ˴ڲѰ·

ǣ˵һʼӡгȺཨ»ϵͿˣǳ͢ڴƣȼӸΣϲ֪ٱ
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ΪӹвءϷҪǡ֣

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϶ʲô취֮ڱͨ˺ӣ͸ιкȥ


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İƤɲʲôˣһ͸ʮ塣
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ǺǣİƤƤɲǰ׽еģ


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ǵȶȣʹмڵһʱ乺Ŀ͹أǧʱǰʹ죬ǧӦҲɣ

⡢Ӧ졢ĵͬʱۣһ졭
ûˣ
İƤˣԭǷˣ
Ͻǧ

Ǯֽӡ֣๫νǸп࡭
ѹС߬ŻӡȨֽ֣ӡĿǮĹ񫣡
ҪԶڰİƤ뱧Сڣծܾܷң
İƤĥǲǳȲڣӡȨӻû֪ʲôŽǮˡ
Ǻǡ
ǲڣҲ˵ܼ˼һ᲻ƴ
㿴òͳ㲻


ǰǧծȥ
岩Ȼֵ͹˴ΰǵĹǧծȫ⣡
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ʵ˵ӡǧİƤӡڣεϰҲܰȫȥ

мԭ岩벻ģ
һ͹˰ǶָϢĹծ顣
ǰжǮԼڼѲءûǮǮܳȸʴġ
أ൱ڰհǮ浽͢ûģÿ껹аٷ֮ߵϢ
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İƤһӱ˻ʣӿĶƴյҡһ䣬˴γǰδࡣ
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岩Ļ˵ֻҪǮ˾ʹλϾһͷҲν
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״Ԫ޳֮ܵ£˾ãһĴڣ
ΰĹ﷢Ͷʥͽ͸ĸ貵Ķҫ

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ԭĹ﷢ʹǿռŵкҪսҪأȴڿ޳ﻨƵءҴʥǣ˿ս
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ʱ˿̣ҲǴβ˰Σ־ͬһʱ䡣
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Ȼʥ۹ģ㡱޷ǵĻԻͣոµЩûг֡
ȥưܣȫȵԤڡ
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Сгǽ
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Request to negotiate
˵֮󣬰Ե⣬ӻɣ

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Request to negotiate
׼ġӢʷһž


ξ߶ϣһ±ơôǹʲôأȫ֪һûӵ
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Request to negotiateֺһ顣
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Request to negotiate
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Request to negotiate
Request to negotiate
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ȻϾҪǵԣһħ׼ͷ
ǣһľĩ췣µ̹ͥÿһе¸ҡ
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ֱףԼǶô޴ЩԶħӦǵĴڣ
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ˣˣ
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ģܶӪ֮ڡ
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عҪǿ̺ں߲Ѿ۹ѡֻҪԸˣôǾͻƽҡ
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ܶûס
ոѾС˵һˣǸʲôŷްͣںǷʲôʥ֧һԸ̲Է
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869 ȫΪ
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ʵԶڰһ˷ͻʱ򣬶̽Ѿ˲ԡ
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ش˿֮·ĩ˵ĶˣԴζһЩ˽ġӸ߲ҲԵõһЩڴη鱨
֪ڲǰεķһսΪµݾ˺պ
ոհѵ۹Ӷ֮ȳľʿ̹ʮط֣ǸǸηӺܿܶ԰ƻԵĻҡ
ʱϢ˶ʹþʿ̹ʮȷжϡ
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Ҿʹȸˡôͳ繫أôǷ˹Ҳûô˺ްɣ
ӵͼŷʥëӶϽҪ
ǵ۹ǵİϵެǵ磬򡭡
ھͲɡ
ȻҮɺزҪŹΣڵȻᡣһ֣֮ơ
ͼϴӶֻҪܽеóŵĵطìͷ׼˴ΣٲȻһսͬ˹
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˵Ӿ㵱һط˹ҲȸԼĹɣ
ʵô鷳ĹԲԡ
ֻҪǳ˻ذôŷް͵Щ֮ûйϵˡ
ľ˵֧Ԯȫ԰˵ΰ뵺֮⡣ʱǻعΣԽ⣡
ֻͥҪԸĺʹɼɡ
Цˣ˵û
ԭҲû߬ţŷ˵У
һǣŷŵⲻ֪θûϡ
ʲôƵطҪɶûɶ
Ȼһת
һû뵽ʿ̹ôһȦ׵ꡣ
ô̯֡ǵԸھˡ
ߣĹһ
һǿɾʵˡ
ǹټǱҪôأ
͢ϢֻǰѴܱ߾ϸ˵
Ҳֻȵȴûȼ̻ε˼
ȳһ̧ͷȥţԴ򣬿Ժκ˴򣡡
ֻһ
ʲô
ս𡭡֮⣡



870 ɱ
ս֮⣿Ĺؿȡ
ⲻǡ
ôսڽ֮
Գõıº͵Ĵ£ȴѰġ

ȿĹеĳɣҲʲô
ģ㲻ȥգʱסܱߣŹټλ๫ǿ԰쵽ġ
ѣԴĹ㲢ͬ
ʿ̹Ѿġެ磬ŴҲŹ
ŷ޴Ļȣĺʹɲ᲻֪ǸûᣬԹֺۣ
ȴЦûֵʲôԾ𣿡
ţĹһһʱ֮ûﲻԡ
ȵû֣֪̫𣿡
Ĺ˲Բ˫Ŀ뵽ﲻԡ
ȷʵ̫ˣܱʲôûУ֮˵ϢѾ˵
ΰϸ
˵꣬ԣĹԼͰԼˡ
ϸҲֻܴ̽һ֮򣬲ܰϤ֪
ѵĹԽԽǺȻ֮дεӦ
ЦĬϡ
ǴĹ㿪ʼ²һҳƣ˴ζͷ
ȻֻЦ𣬡ͲҪˣ͢ǱֻҪõѴ
ðɡĹ֪ʵ̫ˣ͢ĺܶ飬˵һˣ๫Ҳȫ֪ȫ
ȥټһš
˵Ż˳ȥ

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ĹߺֻʣܾȣһΣû
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šܾͷĥţȥ֮ǲӦðԼϱҲϿӵݡ
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ôһ㶼£
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һʮָӵ⣬Ҫ˵԰ʮܽһȲ

ȴһͨߵʱǰأĽϵʼչҴξߡŷ֣ǰѧЩһȫʺϴΡ
Ⲣһ۾ܿͨ͸⣬ʮ䣬ͨմεʵܽġ

Ǹ԰˷ǮΡӶȫΣôʵ֡
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ǣڶ֮ڣʮڡũγɹģˣͷŸͶ֮ǰͻơ
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ʮھռȫֵİٷ֮ʮʮ˵ȫĻʣ¶٣
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ڣԺΪʲôµ⡣ԭԸôս޷ҲһҪԭ֮һ

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ǺǡȸЦһҮɺõġ
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ȻҲҮɺʲô·ո˵ȫԽ֪̽˼
ȷʵҮɺ˴ζıȻһͶһΪС
뵽˼һ»
ȻɲͶһΪʲôԼ
ĹϣǺɨƽҲʲôˡ
Ҫ֪磬һǴΣڶǴɣĲŵҲǰ塣
ĹȲȣ
뵽Ҳɣ̷飬⡣
ݸܾһ⣬һͬشΣҮɺһ͵״Ԫ̵
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ȽС
ҲͷɣŰѧ͵ˣ
ҡͷͰͬӣȴҪǿ
ŷ޵ڽģǻ֮߾ܽġҪʱѪѹпܵġ


û뵽ǣ֮󣬵ԺҮɺĻͬʱȵİͷʱôƷˡ
¶һҲûɣ


871 ˵
ʱǰһҮɺױʸȵĻţһ״Ԫġ
˵ҮɺǸƣڴɵ뷨ôظȵģ
ţɥ־޷ʧڻʯ˲㣬Ȩ֣ʵҲ
Ȼ֮Թϱ֮Ҳԭɰܣ׻֮׵ۺԾӣҲǹӪıɶҲ
֮ʦıƣս֮ıȡɺ֪ܺ£м֮
ȵ飬֪֮Ҳ

ģؽ֮ã׻һĹ
ȻʸϱԹɺδԹˣԹ

ףӺƣ׻Ѫ֮ƽܣս޲ʤġ
֮գԸűء
ѡ
ս֮
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䡭
Ȼ
ȣģ
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ҪҪôȰҪҪôֱа
ſǿЦãӦÿǴүǶǶ壿ôûôŵĻʵۣ
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ðɣڶأһۣȲıȡ𣿿ﲻûԹ
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Үɺȷʵе⡣Ƶθ֪޶ıֺܲƵľܾ˴εĽˡ
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Үɺôģԭ˵Үɺһʿһʵۡ


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ǹֵ˭㲻ѶӻܸɫŹ֣
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Ҳ˹ˣǸܣƨ¶
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֮ܲǹΪ֮

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ʵϣԶԶǰԱȵġ
ָ̺һҷºֻͣҪ¹ͻңι﷢Ϳƽȹɡ
ǣͬǽȨڻȨʵ۵ǻҪ̻ϲſԡŷ޲ȼƶȼɭϣԽȨϿҲѾһĵز
ˣ޻ʵҲˣڶԻҵ𾴣ԽȨϿɣ˿ûм
񣬴ζֻͳΣԶԶƿأ񰣼Ѹͬȴûôˡ

ǣ˵ôǸ쵰ӻûһѾųȥˣȥĶţ
ʹ֪ҪˣҲӵģֻǻʱ޵һȡ
ǰ֮ǣɸá
˸֣һͷˮôͷǵø̬ôšҲ
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Իţ̫ʷ顷ɲ顣

үģҡʷǡȥ˵ͷҲû˾ǨдһǺͬĵģڽģ
ȥţӣŪ׷Ӹο㱧ëӣ
ʲôжĳô벻ͨأ
ǻĸ֣
顭壡


ĸֳ֣嶯ɱذŪˣ
壿ô治Ǻģʼκ
״Ԫǰڵȳظոͳһйѵʱַľ濴Ȩдա
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ǣʼʷ壬³ɲ̫ð

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ȥţңĲ棡
ҲƢˡ
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ͨ͸ˣļֱͶء
軵ŧ

س˵ȷʵ为Ӱ죬ɵᶯһس
ǣΪһߣʱľޣʷĽǶȿ⣬ȴǸһΡ
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֮٣ȷʵкȴҲйķַƶȣγ뼯Ȩľ棬춨˴һͳĳ
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˵ȫӷַ⵽뼯ȨȷʵһǾǳʤ㺰Ǿ䣺
ֺ࣬

仰̫ˣ˵ǶԻʷӰԶһ仰ҲΪ
Ϊ仰տʼˣçΪָ࣬㽭ɽԵùѻʵѹİɱڽߡ
Ȼ󣬻ĵ˳ֵµĳʱɰյĶӾģ͹塭
ҳԲӣҾ͸ҷ㣡ѾǧŶɡ
ʺңһηӣһ¸

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Ȼ治ţŷްֹϵϵһֱͦһǧ
ΰɣ
ԵʵѣȾһǿ档һشѹŷ޹壬һѡֺ˼ȥ
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£ʱ񣬻˽Լǽ񣿾Լѡˡ


ȳ̾һ
Ҫô˵ѧʵûһöȫûнڲٿԡ


872 ĸ
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֮ĺ蹵˵ִ嵭ȻٵӰŷ޵ļֵۣҪ˵ʮһ͵ŷޡ
Ѫͳĸ߹񣬲ĶӣǻĺֱӾһˡƶǸУʿų

ı£Խĥ״ԪԽôԽĥԽ֡
ʵ񲻳˸߾ٳͷɽֺʹĻʲô
񲻳ʧȥ˹ͳκȨҵŷ޻η


ôˣùλΨѪͳ˼ٹ̵Щ˼أ
ǺǣͲ״Ԫˡ
νΰϷ˵ͲǺܾӵķӣڴץع٣һܸķ
ѧΡΡΣǿɲǵġ

ȣԽ̻壬һ䲼ĸ
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γ෴ʹߣӱȳġ
Ϊ˱γ⣬ˣ˽Լλ۹ľջԻͣѳԺ´
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ÿһͨƾٵķʽѡϿɵĹԱɡ
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ලɣΪ졣
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һ֮󣬽̻㳡ǣԭǶַмᣬԡߡѩ½йУ̵նվԭ̶ѩǷ

ġ
ۼľȣҲо뱩ս֮Уɵ޹˺
Ϊĵ㳡϶ˣԭַ̻조ѧԺöĻĹһͬҫ
ͬʱѧԺδ֮ǰҽԺͿԺ
ҽԺΪṩȽѵҽƷԺսʧȥ԰ͯ



ҪƽøжĿιȥ
Ȳ˵һĻԻǱеĽβǰˣһ㹻˷ܣ
Ȼ˷֮࣬ҲͲٹĴλǵ۹ǹ͹ˡ

ͨƽҪʵǵڶ͵
ڶƾٺִߣ൱Լ˭Լ
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ŨصĲкɸУײڿʼΣֳϣ
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ĸ֮һԿԺĻϽеĸ档
˵ˣĻ̸ף
˼˵ǧԣдǧ֣ǧ񡭡ƾʲô͸˵ԣд֣˵ĵأ
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Բƽ˵ҽƼֱݳޣܰǴӲʹȳӦñֵþ
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Ը˼ͣ˵Ĳ඼
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873 ҽҽ
ѾڳˣԵãֻȽ̻ѩУף׶ҡ̻ĵλ
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ʮĸѡ٣ǲģֻɳԱͳƣմ򼴿ɡ
ֻҪǾɹ߼ηӣξ֮£˳Ӧ⡱
ڿѧԺ⵹һͿԽģҪǴӴ˱Ƚ鷳·Զ˵ҪûԸ米Ҫۡ
ǣԺҽԺȴô鷳ʱǰΪѧԺơ
Ȳӣĸ̨ã˽̻ļԺʹãִӰһʳԱ㳡ˡ
ҽԺǾ͸ðˣݾڵҽɣʱΪṩҽƷ

˵ͼӰ
ǴΣóľССݣӮþ޴ر
һһգ޼ҿɹƲˣͶۼ㳡ų˳ӡȻÿÿԺֻѹӦһľˡ
󻺽ξֶɵĽգӮ˵ĺøС
ЩͲڱսܺߡƷǲܶǺãȻܿ˲ߡ

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̵ʱһ˼Ѫһ˺ٯˡһµǹףȴǻ˸ģ
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ԴˣȺοҲֻǱεĿЦ
οʲܾҪǻʩ࣬Ÿɱɷһ𣿡
ܾһ
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ʵڳУҲûҪЩ޹һʶɣ

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ȵͬߣǺƵһ棬Ҳ˵ǺĻʵһ档

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ԺĻӰңһⶼǿƵѧʡڰŷޣǺģǵµġ
˵ԲѵĻֵѾԽˡ桯Ȼ򡣡
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ڽˣǲײǹһʱ䣬þͳˣԺͳ֤ϸڣѧĹˡ
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ʹںֵۡӦ÷չܣܶ⡣ǣͳĻѾߴеĶɱԽԽĹ¼
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ΪѾѧĲˣѾʼѡԾԺˣ
ѾԲˡ

ͬĵʮһ͵ĴΣƾ;ƾ޵еĴǻۣȿԷǳŵغ
ʰһƵġ
ԴˣܾȻͦϾΪһԺǷĵġ
ǣͼǸNɪôôܣôοҲͺû԰԰ڡ
ƲǺܵģʹ·ˣҽǱզ˵أ
ҽݣһšüͷҽԺǱôˣ
ǺǡܾЦȴǲ˵ˣֻȿȵľࡣ
οӹͷҽǱҵ˵һ㡣
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æĽŲմأǱȴгˣǰ쳤ˡ
ɣֻȵ۾ô˶ô׳ʵĶûУ
ܾ֣ĵ٣ǿһûУ
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ҽԺǱֻǶ죬ôŪĶȥ졣
Щû̫ģ֮УǺܻ𱬵ġ
ӡУʱνҽѧɾֻһҽѧ
ǣҲֻᳫ˶ע򡢻ı仯ˮԡˮ־ֽͳ١
ҽֻң㶫ԭ۹ĶҲûˡ

ǰ˵ҽβһСѪ
ðҪѪҪѪͷҪѪƨҲҪѪ
ҪûκòֻһԭѪŵĻ
ȻҽҲɵ˲ѪѾŹˣ
һ˵ķȸ˸֡Ʒ
൱𺳣
ôأ
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ˬһͨ͸˵á
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ͲľˣҪһֻǿ׳Ĵ󹷻èȻҪǹүʵһֻݱǾ͸ˣҽðè˿ĸɸɾ
βãˡ
ǶԲ̫Ѿˡ
ںҽɲҽʱͷѪжƷһȣҽǾеĴڣνҽѧǿ˲֪ٱûпɱԣ
οͲܾ˵ģһȥҽԺĶûУȻˡ

¶ʵǲ˽⡣
ڶ˰߰ҰݡƤһɺˮ˺ȵо˿ⲻǴ˵Ů׵
ʱȻаŮ˲Ľ̻¼ûг֣ǣŮ׵Ŀ־ȴġ
˰Ѷ˵ҩŮ׵адţڱӤơħ͡͵͵ӵˮʹøû˸ȥҽԺβ

ⱾҪֺ˵ƾٵ˷ãҪԺţͳ֮µǽӵĺڰš
֪ľƿڴһ𣿡
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ܾôһᣬȻôˡ
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޻ʵһùƴһʾáϾѩο;˹ʱ򣬰»ǿ൱Ƶġ
֮οȻǽ֮»ҲԼĹݣ̽Ϊչˡ

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ҲûʲôþͲãȥһЩƷʾοʡ
ڿⰮ»ԭŲҽð

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ҽǰҲȥò϶ǸʲôΩһ˳
ҪΩһſڣ˵ҽΰ»Ȼ˶ҽôβġ
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ң˹ûнһ⣬Ҳ֪˹ƽ֮еĹͥҽʮ־ϸ
ЩȻ֪ȫ˹άһ˹ʮ־еʿǵĸ׸ǿžһһѾΪ쵼һʿŵĴų
˹ͥŵ׹ؽͨʮ־Ľ
֮ĿִӰ»תƵΡֻ䲢ûҵֵõϢˡ


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¶˵ˣΩһ֪Ҫƹҽȴ֪ƹҽ¶ȣԴΣԺĻ˵ǶôҪ

в»ҲҪѽ¶ɡΪʲôΪǺĻ߳ȥĵһ
˵һãһҲΪǾԲְܳصġ
ԣôκ˹ѹϵ϶ҲҪв»һȡ
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ðɣϵ˹붯Ҳˣо°ģվ
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Ωһó߬ȭĵڶһ͡ͱСָ߲ĺϪѨ
~~~
ɱĲҽУǽһͨ͸㳡ʹ
˶Ǳܵһӣ˵վͿλˡ
һУһеġ
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ħÿĥͽΪҳʵؽҴ

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𣿡

Ȼۣ
۰
Ȼǣ
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ǰĸǺģȻ󡭡˹йƤ򣬺Ļȫȥˡ
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878 
ʵ˹ġһ̣㳡ϵھͿɵˣûİ
ۼǸ˹ˤۼǸİ׺ͷ˵һ˭Ҳģۼһϣۼ˹Ȳˡ

ʲôСҽҽβˡ
˵ֳ֪滹ˡ
νвпЧ仰ͬ
Ȼ˹˵ⶫͷõȻ֮ǰҲΪǣ⡰һ롱Ƕţ˼Ҳûʲôˮ׶ҲûʲôħңõƷӱϿʱеġѪҲûʲôɣ
⡭𣿡㳡ϵڿʼ۷׷
Ǹ˹ˡ˵ĲôϷѪͷźˣ

㿴ϸ㣬ûѪ

˻˸ǵһ
˹ʶ˷Լλþ಻ԡ
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ﻹ߶ͷûѪҶѪӦûǸ˹Ӻõĸ졢װɣ

ǺȺеλ˾һֻѪģĴ֣ȴϣ֪ʹ
ЩԾԾԣֻʼҽҡǰĿĵͶѧɲšţҲκã˵ҽĲеǰ¡

ʱ˿̣˱Ωһһ֡ҽ֣ͷҽšľסˣôҲһ˹ı鰡
תŽӲĲ˸ˣŴɵڶûϡ
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ԣǸͭˣ
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ҪҽѧɾͣΩһܲپ˼㣻ɫʣҲȲϻ٢ȵǣҪǰѧʵó˵Ƴ֮桪Ƶۣǵһˡ
λүӵжȲ֪ȴ֪ƾһ֮ѿ֡ͼδеĲѧൽһ飬γһġϵͳҽѧۡ
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ңͭˣ˵ڴΣһǧԾûйʱҽȻΩһͭΪͭ˽ѧļգɴͷ
ݲȶ룬ֻ˵ãϹèӶΩһôһӡ
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˵סҲôû۶˺С
ʱ˹ôȻãͷ汾¸ˡҽǿ
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ԭҪΩһǻӭģȴ÷˵һȡ
ȺǸҧ֡ĲǰͰЦжԷƣϷһΣ
һסˣ˵ʵΪһ񣬻ûһүôĺ˵ңԶĹүȥɱЩ廹Ҫ߹öࡣ

˵ΩһֻǴӦˣȡ˾ƾľ˿ãŵ㣬Щۡ

Ҳһ߸һߺʻ
ΩһĻ˵Ǿִٵҡͷôɷǵ˼Ҹˣﻹ֪ۣæĵͷΪ˵û
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ʵϣҲΩһϣҪǱĥľƣҲݵҧ˺һ
ʱΩһüĿͰףΪβҲǰʲôˡ
ԶҽˮκҵĲԸȡ
ΩһЦˡ
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˵꣬θȻǶڳ˵
ǴΣҽ߽֢ҩʲôͳʲôҩʲôҽΡ
λֵܵĲֻ֢룬Ǵεġ׶Ϸ򻹲أ
塭Ⱥ֮ʱЦ
Ǹ׶ȻǴŵģʱ˿̣ûĶǴʦˡ

һߣһΩһᴲ˵Ҫ룬֪̫ܲҽҪôΣ
Ըҽǰ滻ͷϾŤھǳ֮ݾҽȻҲ֡
Դ֪ǰôİ׺Ǹͭ˵Ωһҽž޴סǧŵҽʦһԼŷˣȵ뷨ͱˡ
տʼʱ²ͷеôͻȻо˿롭еûأ
ô۳ôǿɾҽʧˡ
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òſľϣȥ£һָڲѹһߺҳһ˵
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ŷĵʱ£ҽݺͰôһβһ߽أ
һ䣬ΩһǸҽбȵҽһǧİǰþտҽβ˵ġ

һΣȵ
Ĺ֪ܴ󣬱ȵ
ǱȵԺȴ˵вڼ֮䣬λصġţܲˡ
10󣬱ȵȥ˵ĲѵѪλġ
ԲţҸӲˡ
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ѽ˸͡ȵҽٲҽҽĻһ

κô壬Ѹ˿ҪĻӦðһŶԣ


»ڵۣôоеҲסأ
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ҪһͷҲο


ΩһŷڵֻۣǵЦţɺͰɲĽĹ¡
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Σȵһ͸Ͽܿˣʮƣȥʡ
ȵ˵ڼ֮ʱҩѪ̡ʯķﵽЧڳθʱƵҲܴﵽɲ˹裬޷ˣڱµĲڹ裬Ϊˡ
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ȵľȴˣǱ

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ֻžž죬ڴϵĲֻ춯֮һ˵ͨ͸ˬ۵·ôˣԭľĴҲ񻺽ⲻ١
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˶һԼȴǿʼҽ߽µˡ
ֻΩһϷ֪ǲĻ伲ҽֻǳڶδ֪ĲΣǿ־塣
Ȼ˵ͻȻǵĿܡ䱸Ҳԭ֮һ
𣿡
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ϷǱ֤εҽǺ˵ħ
ҿһԣ


ʱ˿̣ΩһԷ⡭
ҽģ֮پࡣ
˵Щҽŷ޳˰϶飬ңλþ޷⡣

ôǣΩһĵ


879 ֱ
᪻зʤǧ
ƾģ

ûڡ޽;۱ҿĳţ˿ʹٶĺ£Ҳߡ
ǰΩһͬƾģڣߣ
֮µ΢΢ϸַɵ಻۱ڸ


ʱ˿̣ʹǰһĵݣרΪ׼ĴϷлǶϷеΩһȻ羴֮ɫ
̲סǰһ˼ľһ
οٲһȣǴͬҲٲǧǧΩһߴΰˡ

Ωһһ߼ǲʩȣһϲͣǧѷ֮˶۴εҽ
ȵĹ˼ֻǵĻһ΢΢ĵ˵ͷƫƫͷ˼ǣˣڻлʱøȥɡ
Ȼ⣬֪˴ѾҪѹˣĬĬһԿרעĵİ»λ˹ߡ
ĳ룬»е㲻⣬Ŷӣʲôһҽʦҿء
ǺǣҲʲôˮˮˣҽˡΨһе㲻ˬľǣΪڻùԹԵڼ֮

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һ˽ȣֲɵ˵һƸ桱׾ӵļ治һʲôЧ
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ٱ磺ѺõĽ̸̸òһǩЭˣ
̹ʽ̸ܴ޷ͨ
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һûʱͰ»Ϳѭ򽥽Ρ
㣬ﲻãǾǮңҵʶ˭Ϊֹ


ڰ»ĳ滰ȷ·ûһָŽµľ޽
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˵вɸֳǴüĿݡ
ˣҲ֪⡰ͷ˳˳ġ
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Ҳǻʵۣж֮ɲǰĻʵۣʹǶҲС
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»һסΪȵһðȵ֮УһЩرĶ
ʵ벻ͨλʵ֮ĸ飬Ȳݱ˵һ㲻ãǡ
Ƚ϶С



880 ӵĲ
Ȩһʱر۾»еؿȨĶ
ǸԶڶĻʵۣﲻǻʵۡе𾪣档
𾪵ǣϳʮɵĶӦóһλϡ
ǣ¿ʼȣº˹֮Ĺϵ
룬ǰȲһĿһеķӣһѪˡһԶܶİˣ


ȸո˵ġ»ûܾߵ֪֮⴬ϲʲô˿մ֮ùõݳƷ޷ܾԸı˹δء
⡭»һʱ֮Դûа취˼
ЩǸҵģ
ȻȵȻⶼõľĴũߣһոӡ
ף»Բ˫ۡ˵ģּΪ߲֣
ԣȵͷȥڴ֣СɣӦÿ԰µԱӡ

»ԼĶ䣬ʶʣǣǶ٣
šȳһ¡ĶиٽӰɡ
»ôУôࣿ
ǲ̫Ųŷʵģȸ֣ǸһŶ衣
˹ĶΡȷʵҲͽܴﵽٽٽȷʵǷˡ
»޷ÿôʳˡ

ʵû뵽ȻѲΡ˴ŵıȽϣȴӢĶĶˡ
˹һĶأεһĶȫһӢĶ൱Ķ˹һĶ൱ڴεĶء
ڸּ󣬻ȱٹߵԭ򣬴ʱŷ޻ڴָҰֵˮƽ
ӢĶĶͬĶһӢĶĲʹһĶĲƽҲһĶʮʳˮƽ
Ҳŷһֱ󺽺ʱ֮ǰ˿Ϊʲôһֱһˮƽĸԭ

ĶӢĶĲǽȥټ͸Ƚũߣǰ»һĶصĲɾͲٽôˡ
ң˹ũҵֻһӣ׺СǲͻģҲǿ
ŵ˵ֻһԮ˹ʳʮǱعơ


Ϊʲô
´ʱȻ֪һӵԶеҪö࣬ǼʹһҡһȨ˵еͲԿݵġ
ΪʲôôҪĶ˹
ʹ˿Щ»⣬һٴֳɵʳ»Ҳ⡣
ǣԸıһе֣
̫ˣص»ţ׽ܡ
Цûʲôֵġ
һ˹ʹˡζԴѴӲģȶԴҲӲ֡
ڶһŻ֮㣬֮档
֮ˣεסŵ׹Ұģ
ǣα˹һʱȴסһ˹ҪԼѷ˲ڽ¡
ЩӾ͵Ǵζ˹֮桯ɣ

⻰˵̫ˣ»жĲû޳
֪ˣλƷǾԵˣ屡죡
һϥأһ
Ҵ˹лл
Ǳ˸æȥ̫ˣǡ
²ÿ
ЩЩֻǵһѾڴһũµ˲ţ¾ܵˡ
ʱ°ˡӣũߣһ˹
ǵ˻ᱣ̵֤ʱ䣬ѧȽũҵ
»һվһ룬ֹͨˡ
ָлǱʴȵĶ˰
Ʒ̫ˣӣũߣũ׼ˡ
ڰ»֪ʲôˣ¶Ժ͵۹ȥҪһ
¼ֱǱʴȵĶ˰
𣡣
ܲǿаѰ»
ǿתƻ⣬ʲô̫ҽӦǿճˣ»ȥβɣ

˵˵Ѱ»ַ˰쾢ŰȰߡ
˹ȥıӰһѶǰ亹ô˻Ǹ
ˣ䲻ãƤԲ񰡣
ô͸оôĲ˼أ
ʱܾοʱ䣬֪ߺͰ»Ӧò¶ˣҲ㳡Ǳ߹ˡ
ͷ밮»˸µı˾Ͳ³ˣλ϶Ⱥơȳˡ
һϴܾ̲סȣͳȥˣ
£˵ͷͳȥˡ
»ˣ
ˡ
һ㶼ûĥߴ
ûĥߴ
϶һ죬ﶼֿ˰ɣװˣЦɣ
֣Ц
ο̲סֿһۻû߳ߵİ»ﾡ
عͷȣҲ̫ˣ
»˲ϧˣǮء

һͣסĴЦһ߱ףû취ˣǡ


ʵ¶ϿǺɵȱġ
˵ԣʲôöòҴţ˵˹ˣԼ˶һ֣Ļô׾ˣ
ˡʿѴελҪ䱸ƶдռӡɲӣɢȥû˵
Ҫǻ˱ԣ
㣡

һڶģ˵ǽһǣֵԭǲ˵ġ
ǰ˵ˣ㡰͵Ͷϰɣ
ŵŷĶȲϴҪģû̴ģһһôҲ޺Ͷ޳ٶӡ
ָ˹ȥֵģġ
Ȼˣ˵үİƤǣϴɡ
ŷ̫Ǯꡣ

ǻ˵ҪִֻȥΪʲôֱأЧһģⶫӿ
ңһ˹һֱȥһֱڴΡ
Ϊʲôôأ
ΪȻһӡ⡣

˵ȫô¶
籾ģ
˹ʼôεĸ߿ƼףϾͳŷ޵һԱǡȸһ
ǣʳû취ֱӴ̵ġʳתΪ˿ڣγսҪһĹ̡
תʱڣγһʲôأ
Ȼǡ˰
ǾһȭͷġװֵվһȺ˵Ƿŵ׹ˣŷ޶ðѵָ˹֡
ʱߵѹСܶ࡭ô˹ŷ޵ӢϿ֮Ⱥڵ֮´
Ȼܣ
ֻһѡǾǣθΪܵŽһ𣬽ε˹
չһǴν˹ģͲֻоˡ
ҽ
ʳ
壡
εһĻö֮͸Ƭء
»֪Щ˿Ŷ壬ʵһӻˮ
Ӻƿȥޱȡ屡죬ʵ
ʵӵġ



881 ǧ
ʵ»ӦңȲǴ󺽺ֳʱڵİˣѪռʵ߳ȥʱһС
򣬵ȴ˹ĿܾͲ֣ͬ

ʵϣԡռ족Ķ壬ʱĸġ
ǱɱˡӡڰˣѺöĮ̇˵۹ͬҰӡӵ۹ŵ۹
ִ˲ͬΪأǰһ·˹ˣȫǰ֣ѪĶ塣
𡣡
ռУӶᡣ
ǵ͵ֵۣӰ֮޷ԺĻΪĻ֮УҲ൱һϿɺĤ֡
ǣֵּ۵ĽͺûϵǵҲȫôɵġ
ӱԻ
ñ֮
ȫȫΪϣƹ֮ȫΪϣƾ֮ȫΪϣô֮ȫΪϣ֮ȫΪϣ֮
ǹʰսʤ֮ߣս֮֮Ҳ
ʣϱıηη¹ǡ

ϱıս֮ΪϡǺ˵
Ϊʼ塱Ҳ˵һǻۡ
ʵŷް˵ҰӶᣬҲġ
ڴ󺽺ʱ֮ǰûȫʵ˿ڱ֮ǰսǲƽġ˵ˣɱҲɱ
ңͳֲɵ˲ܴƸɱһɾһ
˵ŷ޵ȨҲã뵺Ĺ﷢Ҳգʱ˹İ季սǹȨƽȫֿġ
ƽƽֵؾͺã̡˺ûϵ
ֻǵĲԭӣʮ־֌˿¼ţŸɱ⣬Ĵ¡
˿ڵ⣬Ҫö࣬ö࣬Զöࡣ

غʱڿʼ˶ڳʽɱϡغͳ߶ԴԽٯ壬Ǵ˼˿ڸġ
һסռ족ͬĶ塣
ǣ˵ɲػأġģͬӦþ֮ϵˡ
ԭûֲ졣
ܵкĻֵģ˵ûУδҲûгɹ
е㳶Լֻ̬ȡ
ʲôе㳶
϶οǶħƵģɷʡ
Ȱǰôһ˵¶ܾ̫ûʲôȨοһƲ죺
Ʒӣ¶Ҳɹ𣿡
ҲǹˣŴ˳ο˵Ҳޱ
ܾ廰ϽȥˣƵطһ˼ûС
ˡδĸɴࡣ
£Ǿ﷫غ
棡ܾǰһ
ȻսǣﶼȲϼҺð
棡ȵͷ
ھͿȥָľһ̵ΰ뵺ֻҪǱߴסǾͿԻؼˡ
أ
ζһЦԼɣ
У
϶Ŵ죬ôôأ
ڵǽһϵһ飬ɵӶ֪׼ôˡ
ܷİ˲Ź֣϶è壡
㵽ôģ
̻Ǹʲôʮ־Ѿƽ뵺ǲԶˡڳһס
ԣ޶ԣ̯̯֣ǾͳԵ¡
ôԣ
ǺǡȸЦóġ
գ϶Űۡ
֮ǰ˵һΣóġ
Ͳʹ
ڻ治ܡ
˵Ż´ߡ
뿪֮ǰкܶҪûͲ϶ĥƤӡ

ܾȥıӰ޵СԶǻһ룬ûʹʱ
ʱԱߵοͻأҺҪʲôˡ
˵
οٺһ֣˵

ܾߺȥûһö


ӣȻ׼뿪ˡ
ľ˵Ǵ̣Ԯΰ뵺
ǽɴε۹Ԫ˧ָӣԿ۹쵼İ
Ҫ֪ʹľûȥΣƾӴαװݣԭҲܺͰս·硣
֧뵺ŷɥūһ˵ʤסĶ߷ߣѱ߾ƽʿʲô¡

ʣµһľ޾ͬԮ˹ִһ𣬱ϲеߵ˹ķ֡
һŷ桢սϣεʵȹ̡
ξոնʥ̲Ķ۹аˣԴΣ޴¿ڵĸо
ƴȻ߰㡢һͿȴڵк˱ܷۡ
Ȼվס˽š

ڵ岩˿ŷ޴౨ϸڣһҲ˹ˡôǸӸɴʹŷˣں̤ܶʵֻķˮ
ң֮ڣһЩǱڵĲȶأΪûȸ飬Ӻù١
ȣ糯һʵ˺ܶ࣬ʯƾбȻסˣռݱ߾̫ƽࡣ
ɵҮɺ
ǸүǶ˵Ͳ̤̤ʵʵж׼˱Ǯʹһ¡
ġ
ܶӮˣ
ȥ£ܶʵֱȡݣƳڷ߱ĻթڹǣһٳΪĵʵۡ
ûʵۣ
ܶȨգѾʵϵĻʵˡǣ֪ôģֻ׷ĵڲʲô⣬ܶԹݣƽ֮󣬳ٳٲܳƵۣɡιϵԲˣϲս
ŪΡﶼģ֪ӳ»ʺ«ﵽʲôҩ
͹ˣֻҪġս˵
ֻҪ򣬴ξͻŵס
ιڵƣ֮»ҪһЩ
͢ȻǳԽǣȥһϢ⽹ۡ
һأĶʮ֮ס
ʯ

ʲô
Ҳ˵°׼ũ˰ϽɣӾ֮Ǯ͢ũ˰ʮʯס
ʮʯ൱ÿĶؽũ˰һʯɲһСĿ
Ҫ֪ȫһǧĶȥѧְ˽ȥȡ˰Ӿ˰Ҳǧİʯ
ζţȫεسݣǮ˰ȥÿĶո͢ĲҲݵ֮һ

Ҳã岩Ҳգϳɳص˶һû˯ž
ϵ๫Ƕ룬Ҫȫεˮƽһ
ðɣȻÿƣǣѱ캮ضȥܴﵽݵһӦòѰɣ
ǿɾԭũ˰
ټ衢Ǹۣ͢ոǧ˰Ǯǲһ
⻹ʲôʳԶֹ͢롣
ũζζҪˡ
ȱζ俹ǿֳ͢ɱ½
һ¸ʲô
ӣ
˿ڽǰδеĴǣ
ӳԶ˿ֻҵĳɳ

ңΪƹĻʵۺ๫ǣǱ֪ͨĸ࣬ĸԶǾǣεػԶԶûпȫ
ȵڹ๫ϲ˰εʱһˣڵظʻԶԶûﵽ͡
˵ˣﾡáûﵽ
ȵ˵εظʻû֮һʮ֮а˵زǻãǻû
ʲô
ֻҪ㣬ټָ߲յջ󣬴εũ˰ʹпΪԴΪΪ

ֱ˿̣岩ףΪʲôǧ֧Զ󽢶ӣ
ףѩ桢ο򺣣Щð֮ճһԴζʲô
ףΪʲôԶҲҪοȻҲҪΪѩ屨𡭡
ֻһЩˡӾ͹ֵôʦԶ


һΣûʿҲû

ݷ౨һ⣬Ѹȫƹͬʱһ¾ǸݣΪԶ󽢶ıᡪ
Ṧΰǧҫ
Ȼ󡭡
ο»Ϯ
򺣷캣ɢ̶ξͽ٣
ѩ׷飬ֺԶ
Զʿн
ڿ衰רŷĳңΪЩѰ츣ζȥӢõļá

ʿһονǴӵӶʮֵλջûбšƷΨжߡ̬ûЩĹ
ЩȣԶ󽢶ӵıʿ弯һҲû顣ҲǶּûа飬ȫͬ
ʵǴ޴̫ˣݺӣҲ޷û

Ȳô
ڶԶ󽢶ӵȻһ˿˿ο
˼Ȼ˲ٵ¶Ȼ˵ǴεĶǣʱٻûʧȥϺͽڲ١

оȡ



882 ʥּȫǿ
ǳ˵ʿ¡¡ںҲһںŰˣʾһδ˵ĵλжߣôһΡ˶ûʲô
ڴҵĹ֮УǱŻʵ۽һĪҲӵӡ
һּȻڼʥ⣬и̫ڱʶˣͳϵķɣ

ô壬ûĸĻʵĶߣοǡ¡γأ
ʥּΪһŵҵһͰѹֵ쾡¡
һگӲ⵽ЧͨҪǳܵĳ

νʥּʥ֮Ҳ
ȻԻʵ۵䲼Ȼּǻʵ۵ȨǣּܲʩУɲǻʵ˵ġǰᵽһΣεȨʥּء
ʵֻವһؿһʿҪǲʩʥкܶطԿʵ۵ġ
˵ּˡ
ǰҲ˵ּּ߽Ҳǻʵ۵ļ²á
Ĺʩͨжרݵģ˵̫࣬ࡢʵױʣǶΥģרְ֪ھ
ְλǶ๫ְΣǣʮ๫̫ɽȥͲְȨҲȶ֪ھְһֱڸйţ֮ǰǷ
һּ⣬ǻʵ⣬๫ǰ۵ʽʵʵǰ辭֮ͥͨ󣬻ʵ۲ּʥּ
ȻˣͥһأҪ๫ǰѹأּҲһ
ּԱǸӡҪǲˣӡģȨԲּϷΪɡ⻹ͷ
ּ˼ǻʵ۵˼ֻҪӲˣ˭ôʹǴɷȷ֪ھȨ
ԣȴͻּʱ岩һİƤһƢûС
ûƢûƢһֺ÷򣬷ּҲ⻹Ǿˡ
ȻǡԼˡû¶Ϊ
ңλһҪǡԼˡϺ
ⴺڸйλһ׾ʮ꣬ƾľһʲô͸ʲô
ǣˣҪǲô죿
죡
ǳܡ
磬䷨ʱڣҲʯѴɢһΣ֪ھͲ̫
ʯѱ䷨ļᶨӵƸΪʷʵȻͬ⣬ϾǡһŶӵġ
ǣ֪ھˣһƷ⣬ҲܳôţԹأ
ǣɴذگ⻹ͷֱӰͻʵһˡ
ңΪ˱ʾ߿ɴְˡ
Ǻǣ๫Ͳðȥء
๫ʧˣ̡ҲƢԡϧ֮͢ơΪɣְ⻹ȥ
û취ˣ๫ֻСŴСһ;̺ȫ⣬˸ķ֪ھλϣͨ


ðɣʥּߵڿˡ
֪ھһأһǣݺõʥּɽʹټң¼ƣ¡
ʵǻʵǩֻѺ·ǹټҵְ𣬵Ȼû⡣
ǣΪ¶ˣ·ǰ䷢
·Ķ
ȻһǾǷ
ǣ๫ʼ֮ǰǡְ١Ҳְ¶
ԣһ·ĹݣԺҪĹݴѧʿСЧ
گּ֮
ֻҪࡱΪگ鲻Ȩܾ¡
Ǿܾ¼ǩگ顣
Ϊʲôεһ㶼εԭȨҪ־

ҪҲأǩ֣ͨگֻһ򣬷ʡС
Ҳֻص˲ּĸйҪǾòףһβء
ȻᷢϾּһ㲻Ჵء
ҲΪʲôøй֪ھԭ򣬴ιƷ࣬øй֪ھǾڼ򻯳

ͨͨҪʡ٣Ǹйࣩǩ
Ȼ󡭡
Ȼû꣡
е֮У࣬ͬƽµǩ
С಻ͬƽ£ƹܡСǲ֪£ô˺üȦʥּҲ뵽һ飬ǩʥּʽЧ

ͷٿһԻʵ䷢ʥּͥ鵽⣬ٵ¼ơССССǩ
һٶְѸְּܷ̯Ҫ;ٹ١ʵ֪ۡھʵۡࡪ֪¡йࡪͬƽ£Ѷе๫תһЧ
ʵ۵ķռ˶٣ʿķռ˶٣
ÿһÿһʿҪԲˣּҲͰ䲻ˡ
ΪΣ

ôʵ۵ּ䲼ʵʩͰ϶
ûУһѻȨġ̨ɣ
ε̨ɿɲǷڵģڷϣ̨ʧگ飬׷گķȨ
گʡٲ˽ʧˣƣ޽ڣԩδ죬ɹۣܳ١
ǵǸʯ˾֪֮ھŷȥɣ
ְگȷʵ˳䲼ˣҲԸ˼ʷǣʷɰһܾΪĸ׶Ϊɣڻһͨը๫ĸĸ˸ˡ


ĸƺ⣡
ȻʿԻȨƺĹٳ軵ˣγ˽˽ĹٳĻ
ȻĹĹ֮Ҳƺ⣬ǣĹ֮йͬ桢ıʶҲǡΡɵģǡƺ⡱޷ġ
ȿҲһʧء
һȫĳһƫ˼ƿأôȻΡ۹Ž񣬻ǴԭĽ֣֤һ㡣
ǣοǣʧصľ֮£ЩĹٿĸжľӵС
Ѿܲˡ
ǣȲ֪ôи׵¶ԴҲ벻ġ

ѧû⣬˵ûκϣ£뿪󣬲ڵµĴ棬ѧ
Ȼ
һ֮ڣֿһٶҷԺ


ô̫ˣҪ֪ѧǺѧԺ۵ġ
ԺҲã̫ѧҲգǸʲôõģôǡУרԱĵط
ѧʣҲרΪ׼ġ
һԿȡΪĿĵѧϰЩûóͥĭûǰ︯ƽˣǵ̨Ӳ
Ϊʲôȥݵʱѹѧ˶ȥˣ
Ҫǲߣַ־ͱ⣬һҲס
ǴεĽʥأֻҪѧʵģͲʲô߰аС;֦֮ĩڳǸΪΪĿĵġѧʡЩа
ǣŷˣ
ѧȴһӻˣ
ûΪ뿪ʧȥӣʱȡ
ּ͢ȫΣѡʩ̣ٸԶѧ
һ꣡ŪһٶѧԺרƾ޹صũ¡
ȿδϢɵˣ㶵ץۡһ
ˣ
ǡǰ︯˸ȺȥһȦ
ϵοҲһţԴϽȥļ顣
ˣЦһҿǱƵģ
ŵݸȣԼɡ
״ԪҲᵽѧ¶һЩۡûдĶ
Ƚӹһۣôȡ
κϻ˵¶



883 κҷʡ
С˵ĶǹڵģˮˮҲֻûãԹȥûãҲܶԺá
ŷĥߴôãҪ¶ˣҪʼӴڲˡ
ܵòɽ˵ףڲʲô⣬ĹټŵôԼȨİɣ

ģЩ߶ѲдͶˣǶ˶δĹʵûʲôġ

׻˵ĺã˽ˣԶĵˣ
һ˳˵Ļ˽ȣ˵о͸ˣӦþκͺȳЩˡ
ʵϣҲȷˡ
İƤˣʮ䣬һһȵľޱ֮棬κһһȵķ蹷ҧ֮ˡκɵӣҲĥĥƾʲôɣ
Ϊʲôƾź·߼Եķ豾¾ܺɨһأ
κǰļûһдɻʵҮɺǰռǰֺȵȡ
Ӻƾһ㣬ܣһΣһΣһεİѶֲڽ£κֲϺͿҪһ䣺
Ϊʲô
Ǻڵ˻ڣȴĶҲҲ׻ֻһѴһδ֮κʼ˼ȣʼоȡ


ȣƷڴκߣƾʥĶ衣
ͣ岩س޶ȵݣܵʯɽ𡢺绽꣬Ҫûô˳ţҲǲ֪ٸˡ
ȻκһʥĶȥƷӡ
ңѵ֪Ӻ֮ʥĶ裬Ϊ汾£ڲڷ֮µĴǻۡ
ôˣȵʲô汾أƾʲôõ裬ƾʲôܴȨسٵһһأ

κԴ֪Ȼ֪ǴһǧŹҹģȻҲ֪ԴװĶʱͲһ
ԵõϢϷֻҳ㣺
һԺ
ȻǴεĽģѧĹҪĤݵʥء
סŷ͡á︴䨣塢ϳӢۣ
Ŷܺ߹
ﻹλʵ۵ڣ
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Ŀǣнࡣκܰѧô˵ն޺ģûʲôˡ
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¶ҲϾ͸İƤ͸ȥŵһߣüģһûһĵ
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˵Ȼ֪˵˭岩ޡ
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ӦġжһƵ˿ʼǾԲģҲҪΰ뵺ǿǰΨһķߣ
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ͬʱƽ뵺ɽ֮Уʮֵʿɽ֮Уһλͷ׵ʿһΪۡ
ʱչһűƤֽϸã¶Ц⡣
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˵ûûвҲûΪ̻û



886 
˹ҽȷʵھܵѼ鱨ֻȻĻ̻̣ǴεǱȴûдʲôȷеϢ
ȻǸķ밮»ʱɫһֱ̫ãǴ˵̸֮УҲû͸©ҪȫسԮΰ뵺˼
˹еò׼ѵǸĴ
Ҳ˵ĹȥΪŷްУһĳУûԺꡣηɳĮǣȫס˹һ֮١
ңһҲӡ֤˹Ĳ²⡣
ξӪǱԶǱô򵥣ξȷʵ׼˹֪֪ܶϢ
ȷʵ׼׼Ĳǳ룬ӭʮ־θûҪߵ˼
ԼͲѷ֣ξհѳеѲһ̽Ҳ𽥽ܡ
ӪĳеĻڸǲɣ˹µûЩսɱʱӦѾ˳ͷ
Ϊ쿪ʼǽ֮ѾΪ˾½»ݶܿ벽


ȻֻξȻʮֵıǴε
ǣ˹֪˲뿪ô˵ʮ־ʮ֮ڣҲ̫̫ѡ
ιǵʱҲڳ̫֪εĻǺε̫֪ʮ־ڽɱ
ԣڿ϶Լж֮˹ʮ־ðʹξʱĲȣҲʮ־սʤġ

ǣ˹û뵽ǣתۣת۵ôͻȻ
Ѿдܱ뷽跨׼ͳȥʱǸͻȻһΰݷð»
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Request to negotiate

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ʵԴȺΪѩһʼοҲһֱ롣
ѩΰģǣͬҲΪߵĴԺ˻ôԴôԴأ
ˣǵǴ޴ȥӿʼѿ˵һɽͼǰ
οɵһŮˡ죬Ƿǹκ˵ġֱ

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ˣξˣڴµĽڶʹ֮ǰʮ־ƹܡ
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Ȼ֪Ѿ͵ˣǰѽ͢ʥһȥðɣ
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ʲôʱʼôˣ

޺ϣȫǰθкöϷ޵ԭʼľ󣬺ò֡
Ҫ飬е۵׵ɳĮȶΪԼصαˡ
Ϊ磬˴εĺߺںӣûĸطܹ㷱
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ɳ꣬ҪŪ٣ѵϱĳɫúܶ࣬ǮȴҪɡȥҲﲻˡҪ֪˵ΣֻȥѬéεİǲ˵ġ

άǴֻҪǰ뵺⣬ֳģ֬ڽϵȻɫŷǿϵġ

󣿲ҪļǮ⡣
ô˵ɣҪĻȣ⣬ֻҪÿ˳һȡ
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ĳǷǳ⣬ȪݵĴѾҷˣֻôһ㶩ǾҪ˾Ӫˡ


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⻹ѧһ״ԪٲȻһ̣
ңŲһ꣬״ԪôԻôһٵĿ޵ģ

ʱȻҲȣòװߵ˶򷢹ˣǰһ仰ǣ
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ԿЦãСҲʮˣû
һжã
аɣôûĿŪӡ
˵ŻȻһ䣬ԺҲöϵĹˡ
صûǫ飬ɨſͷķ١
˵
ۻ벻ߣˣС֪ǺСӱȲˡǣһιƲһס
ؽԪԺǱƣŪʲôԺҽԺһӡ
ƳЧ׿ȻǺһȣͲ
״ԪʲôˮƽǻһӹٳľʲôĲͨ͸ʲôѵס
ڿޣֻһУͰȱȵûӰˡ
޽ľ棬״ԪֻһֶΡŴˣ
п޹ؽҪȴһƵУһӾͰкסˡ
˵ˣŷ޺ͰʥҲãǰ뵺սҲգֻ߰ڲǵˣǵ򰣼
ԭĶأ
ֻ

״Ԫûһ¾Ͱ鿴͸͸ˣΪ̣ͨ
һеĸԴǮ
Щŷ޺Ͱȥʥǳʥͽмϵģǽ賯ʥȥ̵ˡ
ǰ뵺Ϊʲô˲Ϸ֣ǲκһ
ǿǵкĳڣ˭ǣ˭Ϳ˵кͺں

Щ״Ԫʲô˵ģ
Ѿǰˣ˭˰ó˭ǵкף
ңﻹһʿ˺ӣһ˿ڵĴξڶ
ӴгԸո˵ģΣ⿪һ˳һȣǾûˡ
ٱ磬⽭ǵϣǾûˡ
û취ǰţֻҪԶһԽЩ˻һ
ǣ״Ԫڰʩһռ̿һߣ
аˣĸɣֻҪλʳҶӰԶӵаݣаյȨ

̫ˣǾǴ
񣬹ʿ˺ǲýǮģ̴ͨǲպ˰ġ
̶̰꣬ǵ˶˰ԿΪģкذȳһ䡭
һ߰ÿһ䣬һ߰Ѵεø̵ÿһ䡣


ķˣЩϼһûһʡ͵ĵƣ
ôιڿŵʱһͷ棬ټ˵ʲôʲô
һһƱ㻯ֶαԼݡ׼

Ҿ˵ɡ
ȿЦ̯֣Ҿ˵Ҳܵ١
˳ãϼһǰذɣ
ԹЦ
뵱٣Ҳˣ
һʲô˼
ԵոյϢټҽּΪ
⸮ǰ
͵Ķס￩һΪʲôʱ
Ҫ̫ˣ
ζؿȣҪ̫ˡ
ͷ˴Σʳ֮ʦôܵõأ
̫ӵǻ֮ǰݶˡ

ȲתοȥһɣʹݣĶҲ𶯣
ģȴһ»ʼλҲͽˣ벻㡣
»Ҳ벻㣡

Ϊʧ䣬ȴЩ
͵̧ͷôˣ
ǲʲô£ö˶˵ʲô̫ӣ

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⡭
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㵣ĳᷢô͸пܻᷢ
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һֲ̫ܷò
꣬ҲԪ1063꣬ļӰꡣ
һ˵ޱȿ־һ꣬Ϊԭʷ֮Уһ꣬λǧʵۡλо׵ˣԶ뿪ˡ
Ȼ֪ʷѾˣĿȫǣ˵Ͳˡ
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Ҫ֪ûȵǸʱգ֮ʮͷ;ȻΪεľԶûǰá
ʱսҪЮĸɴôδϵϡ
ν⽻㲡
ңڣԭʷ֮УûжӡΪԼĶӣɡꡡæڷ£ͱͿˡ
ڼ̫ӣӰ徵ĸԭ
ǣ˴£ôᡰ̫á
֣ȣƽޱ£֮ϣƵǰ˲Ǳȴȣ¶ȶûʲôɲ֮
ں֮УΪ˶ӣעƣ޹
ģʹǦڳˣ£ôܻᡰá
ԣ˵̫ӵʱ뵽Ĳʱ̫ˣ岻̫ˣԵĻشҲӡ֤һ㡣

ǷˣӲﶼ⡣
ʹ׼ɵ̫еذǰȲ֪ģģġ
ܲˡ


½ȷʵ̫ã֮ġ
شֱӾըˡ
ô᲻̫ãͲӦò̫ã

״ԪؿȣӦáʲô˼

ֵԶˣ֮£ȴ˵˲Ӧ˵Ļ
ûûʲô֮ǰһֱܺôͻȻ

ԭǸʷڼ꣬ԭʵΪ̫ӣˣڵڶ괺첡š

һӰµʱգҲǼ꣬ҲԭΪ̫ӣ
ʷ·ҪλصԭĹ켣֮УȻһˣʮͷ;Ͳݲ

ӺĪҪż
Լȼʧ̬飬֪żˣæȰСΪǡ
ȴУСʲô̫ӣ
ѾʮˣҲ׼ˡ
У͵һҧôοġ
վ̻Σ


֮󣬺캣֮ʿ
Ĺ㡢꣬ΰ뵺ݾڰĬȻעȵĴӴ˺ʻ뺣ۡ
ոշ壬Ĺϴȥ
֪żΣҲ飬򵥺֮󣬡֮ǰкҪУ
ȵЦֻЦ֮ȫʡ
ΰ뵺ʲôĵأ
һΣԪ˧ҲͬһʥսĹһִơ
ֻһҪ󡣡

ֻز
ֻزĹһɲȵķ񡣡
Ϊʲô
ȵסΰ뵺ʤҪʥǡ
˵Ĺ㣬ֲңǾһֵɽ˭ռ˭ռǲմ֡
١ڲմ
Ĺ㻺ͷеȵ˼ˡ
ʥǣ˵ȴûҪ˻ˮ⵹治ʲô¡
סˣסΣð벽
ȷ۰ڵǴݾ
Ҫݾ°ɣЩ
ãĹؾļΪɴֻ࣬زаԭӣľ˶еСˡ
˵Ĺעȡ
ҵãӦðľҲشΣҲã

һȻһʱ֮ûĹ˼
Ĺ㳤̾һ֮ǰ˵䲻˵Ļɡ
뽲
Ĺصȥֻǵı°ΣҲͰˡ

˵Ĺ㻹Ǹ߹ԼĻе˵ȥˡ
ҵģҵȡ
ǣˣҵǴΡ
ΣЩ˲нģֻȵƿ֮ڣŻá
ǿѹǹɸ֮УǿӺб뷨϶һǺõġ
㡭ȳʯЩǴĹ˵ġ
ʲô˵
Ĺѵһ֣߰ɡ
¸Իʶ

԰գسرȭȻȻת´
ؿĹȻıӰػϽոǷ˵Ļ
ڸʲô
վӣվȵĶӣ
ҲĹıⲻȡδ֮Ǳˣ裬һȨ̳лλѪ
Ͻ裬룬˭ʵ۴ζ벻ȡ
һбλ绻һģԴθá

ĬȻãȲп̾ʱ򣬹Ȼ˭ҲεУĹ㶼ǡ
ԼأԼıֻȥǸͷˣҪˣٲź
ǣֻǿô
Ը

ʱ˿̣Լʼҡˡ
֮ǰο˵ȱˣûôǷǷûôˡ
ȨĴȾףҲڲ֪任ɫ


ûз㴬ô죬¾ʹӺ캣ܵα
һ·ʹȾһпܵĸ·ʹ;ʱ˳ְ鷳ɻȽµʱŻصݡ

ʱѾǼȻůģȴһķ
Ϊ·ϣѾõϢ裬ҲڵСѾʽΪ̫ӡĥ̫Ϊɣ̫Ӽˡ
һʮ̫ӣʲôܴʲô
ȻϢûᣬ֪϶ǲˣ򲻻ôǿ
һ·ϣҲףΪʲôȶ¿ƣȻûбסĽ
ĸ֮¸ķĸĸλϻʵ۳Ͽˣ
˵ףĵӾͲãСಡȻ꼫עջʧ
ƵĻع㣬ӵŬ볬ԽȻʣԽ̫桢̫ڣֹһʾҪΪʥ
ÿֻ˯ʱʱһĳԸĸ֮󣬸Ϊȫ
˱ˣֻܻС⣬ȴǲˡ

һȹ˲ϰ»ɵ£ǰ⡱ѽ˴԰Ƶ
ֱ´ļֲȥ

үǸɴ࣬ûȿڣ
һ֮ǰؾְϷѾ㷢ȥˡ
ռʹӼϾͳʯ䣬ڶʹԣҲǷ㱨࣬͢͵ӶѾ͵˿⡣
ʱྸ˾⡢ȡиݹϵԱ빦ҲһټҰͷ
Уϼû꣬Ȳ廰Ļᡣ
ոսӵ˹Ϊķɸ챨ټϳˣ
̫ӡȴûڳϡ


ȵԴ˵һըˡ
ϼֲһܳģŻûմأеһоѾźˣ
ڸ
ڼȣ
·ԥԥԥˣΪ·Ѿ̺ˣҲߡ
ңԼ֪˹ϵĹԱʯҡ˼ҡԡȡ˾Щˣվһˡ
ҹټϳˡζʲô
ɲϻʵ۵Ĳˣǣټڶҡ˵ڻʱ֡
ϻʵʶ̫ӿˣ


ϧϼְ˸æҪûһȿܻԥܻȨ⣬ܻҪǣʱأǴΪأ
ǣϼôһŪһһ°ȴˣ
ڸ

ү˲ָбҪϼְѻ˵ˡ
һλˡ
ǣû뵽ֲĻشȴǳȵԤϣûа㵻ҡ
ϼһĿ㲻Ҳ
ΪʲôûȿڣֱӱƵĶһ󴮶ǲء
ôˣôһ̯ӣôݲа£
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㻹֪岩Ѿȷ֧̫ӣҲ̬ȫټ֮⡣
ƽ飬гдˡ
κ޶ǰȴǶϡ
һиʧ֪ζʲô

üͷһ壬ԹŻλΪôһȻĪ⡣գ֮䣬Ϊ뱧۳һŵĹϵҲһΪ
ζʲôϼָ
ζţԼϵһֻϣԼȨһûϵģ㣵ģϣʥ⣬ٳ漯ŵĳϵõ档
κôΪԼһôǼֱǲܵġ
Ҳ˵һݱ̫ӼλǴνһ֣֮˺ܶô괳µĴþҲȻ޴档
Ϊ˸ζӪĻոǻᡭ
Ȼ޴棡

ΣǳΣȴʱκʱۺΡ
Ϊ֪Լͳⳡıͻۼʲô
㲻붯ҲɼĶǰ¾ֻ棬ˣɵƻһսԹҵĴݻ١
ʱ˿̣û뵽棬֪ơ
ϡ̡
Ҫ˴εˣ
޽⣡
λ岩˾ûΪź͹漯ţҲñԵȡ
ôƿأڶľ֮£γɰδ֪
ʷĽǶܺߣҲǴˡ
ȲҪұԼҳӣ޿ɱ粵


ȵĳĬŤûüֲ
ڹϼָȵıӣħ
ڹδ֮ʣϵңŮ鳤Ϊ˴ΣҲ÷Ϸȥ
˽
Ÿңôӣô¡һ̫ӵǻ岩Ȩηſֽţǧѣ
㲻ΪԼҲΪһ̯һ룡
㲻Ϊһ̯룬ҲҪΪһ룡

أͻأʣɫɭȻ
үΪʲôǹ˽
ҡϼһ
ҡһҪ𣿴ʱ۹˽ʲôҪ
ҪȻشļΪᶨ
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ȲȻһЦΪڿʼҿһûѣûкԮû⣬û·ľһŵƶûеıذ֮֡
֪һүǵˣΨһѡ
㡭ֲĿȣһַǳõԤУӡ
Ҫ׵ķˣ
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ƽĿżֲ
˭
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ֲһѣΣһʱⲻĳ͵ʲôŶļ
ʯҡ˼ҡܼҡҡЩϸλˡ
ͱ£岩ƽ顭ЩרȨˡ
СϵЩٲˡ
͹ϵΣ
Щ
ϲңϲҵˣ

ˣүǰһڣӺķˣ
ңԼһĺѿ


891 ƼС
ϼְҲûôĹȥһһϷǷţ˵𣿡
ңҪѰ·
ҪΪУΪУôó
ҪôɣҪôɣѡһɵãɡɶѡѡɡ
ôϲŰҲУǣܱܲϷ򰡣
ʲô͵ΪУʲôЩЩˣô
ôôأ
Ϊʲô
һţүܵһ䡰Ϊʲô
ΪʲôңϷɲʲôˡ
ȲȻһЦΪУƺֻүҪҵȨҲҪҵˡ

ϼϻشӣˣҲͼ
ǣҲֻ룬ȴ޷˵ڡ
Ҫô

ȥ
һȥһ档
ܣϲˮõĺ顣
ȥֻֽ
룬輴λ
ߡ˵ֲȻָ̧֣۾һһ٣
ȡ֮
ᣡȼᶨҡͷҶҪ
㲻ҪҲҪ˻Ҫ˾ǣɾɲˡ
ԣҪү֡

ֲԣ̾ȻݣϷϱһǷʲô
˵꣬ãȻתȥ

ȿϼֵıӰȻһҲǣʱԼֲľⲻɸһ㡣

ϵľ⡣
ж˽ʵ´һ֮˽Լ֪
ж˲ε˹пСˣ
һ̣Щϼ֣һˣһԼҪִŵˡǼ黫թ֮£һɲǷǣ۶Դִš
ֱֲѾԶȲګȻ
ֻӣͣ
ԶŮˡĸޡôؿ
Ȼ䣬ʲôҹ¡Ȩı¶ԵòҪ̲ס¶һԵЦ⣬첽ӭȥ

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ڼ˵֮ܰʱֻС΢΢ۡͷһһްСŮСˮ۵Ĵ۾ȻŭĹâСһߴȡ
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ҿɲǻˣ׵
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Сǡϸ˼
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šСһ˵ǸóԵġˡ

꣬ƷһתСȡóԵġġ

ɫɺת̣˵ôȷʵҵֶ硣
ûꡣ
С緢ˣǵĶģ
Ķġתϡ
ֻƷǶʯͷĳģȻҲʯͷĳ
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汦ڽ⿪ˡ⡱ֺúÿ˿ȣ͵˵ŮߴУǻɣ
ÿҪѡһƯʯͷС

Ůˣͷһλ˶Цֻһ˳ʯ
ⶼʲô
˿С꣬˵ŮãŮǰְֵСް
ϧˡ
еСһ࣬ȫ˵ĴЦȾ
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ǵǻˣ
С껹Ļ˸ոն׶ֶŵ顣
ԭ۸˵ġ
ȹһ£֮¶һСӿЦ⡣
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˿öɸݺݵšһѣ۵һֽС
⻹꣬Сǵˡ϶Ĵ𸴣һ䣬ȷ黹졣
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һ£ֻոջɰȤƷ硢һͳ˹׵ִ֣
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׵׵
ǣ˵ãһ˵׵ĸСħ϶׵۸׵Ļˡ

ʱ˿̣һͷĶӻ򶴣
Ŷȥ
ԶĲ϶ο۾ֱˣĸСΧŹӣһӡ
ÿ
ʣ
ҪλɩӺܿͰĸСƷˣ⿴һ죬ġ


һµ⣬һʲôҪ⣺
ôĸܺ¶塰ʣôĸħ֪ʵ˧ġ

ȻλӰѺˣǼСһ￴ǳŵ⡣
ǣ˼µƷ˲ˡˡͷ嵽ҡ
ǰѴӰĺöóֺüλСħڵϸ˼ҵ
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ûô۹һ죬ĸСһǿʼתˣԭ
ԸóԺģܵ
ðɣȳ׳ˡߺӼҳȫû˷硣
Сūʣ˵һ

죬ţڰĸСһ˯˾
۵ͷ󺹣˯еĸСһµӶֵˡ
ȴˣùܹ˰ôߺӵģ˻ˣ
׿һʶͷӻСԺȻͶˡ
ɸɸֵİ˾һۣģ˵ʲô㶼ţ
תȣ˵ǽ֮ǰȹܺԼҿѽ˭Ҳûߵ
٣ż
ⲻǡջͷһԺ϶Ϲܡ
͡
ɸŲһף˸ӿŮԴף˺ӣԽԽ񡰼ͥŮˡ
ˣȥ˯ˡ
˵ŻȷӦϾ׿ߣһĿԡ
ֿ˿ĸӣԸѾҹ￴ĸСһ
Ҳȥ˯ɡ
Ⱦ૵ɸȴǡˡ
ȻһЦԼˣʲô
صУû̴ֻȺ͸ˡ
ûжԣûõüĿ飬һѽ뻳УôıţİԼ´ݸŮˡ
һȸоˮѾ͸Լ½ĺ󱳡
ûµģûµġһжõġ
ĬȻҲӴޡ
ʡˡ
ʲˡ
ȥ
ǡ
ȴܻȥ
ܵġܵġһһظš
ҴӦ㣬һȥ
ȸܵõжิӣȥһƫƫʱܻȥˡ


ȱŸһҹ
еǸĹڻˣҵйһҹڿ˯ȥȴ˯¶΢Ц

ڶһ磬ȴǱֲ
ģϷǼžۡ
ֻһΣ֮ܳһʱ䣬¶Դڼ²ʡ
üģү£ʱ֪أ
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ǲǡһʣϼеԥ
ǲĶǸλӺȤ
ǣ
ãĵص˵ͷϷͷˡ
˵ŻӻһֽӡóϷá
ûͷûԵģһû˯ûеԺ鷿ȡӡŽϼ֡
ͷ۵һ¾ֽϸ£ŷӦôӵӡ˵ĻҲ˵Ļˡ
ʲôùͿ
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һ롭
ŶƨֱӾըˡ
ֽⲻǻϽⶫҲܷ
ϼְӡŴȵˡⲻǻϽͣԶ

䣬ֲѾֽ˻ȥ
ˣڼҺúЪŰɡ˵Żͷߣһõɡ
ǣȻ׷˳ȥûȥֽԶеϼֵˣӡ
㻹ǰӡɡ
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գϻôأ
ҪͶ״ñ˼ˡ
Щ̫Ӽλ˲ɳʲô¶ǿŰͶ״仺֮ء
ҵģû
ֲһ仰һյľˡ
аôҲûж
ڣܺվͬһģֻһ
̾һôʵʵźӶãЩ¶
Ҳ룬ҪǲЩ¶źӣ
ɸҮɺԭ䣬Ѹݿ̵ġ
ˡ
ΣԸϼһʱְɡ

԰˲
ӡ
ӵӡ
ļǵ׷˳ȥ


ʵ߼ʲô
ؾְӣֲѾȥˣΪ빦ҲֻҪʲôĵȾͺá
ǱʲôӦʵӦԣʱӦ䣬ȫ
һߣЩߵʵҲûеõʲôмֵѶϢΪ
ǵؾְӿɲдģһʲô⣬ȿ԰Ƶһɶ
ȸ˵һܵľ档

ϧԶ׼ȫ֮ƫƫá
֪ǸӣôĲۏ˻ˮһìܵĲ
ȻϼвȵҲġ
޴ķ΢ʱڣټҲһȫţңĻĴ̼һˡ
˵ãĸˣһң͸ɳʲô޷رܣӦ顣

Ǽֲֽдĵʲôأ
ǺǣʵѾˣǻһӾְۡ
ֻһκϴϼѾȥǷΨһͬǸӡţʵʵԼ

֮壬֮ǧ
ϼַȥһ⣬˵ˣڱȾͷ˵ⳡ粨Ŀһӡⳡ粨Ľ
ǣԷҪؾ
Ǹ˵һźţҪˣҿҪˣ
Ȼ̫һ˳˺Ƥǣǰȱ˼Ҳһţǻںʲô˺˺أ
Щƺվһ߶ĸǵõ˿϶Ĵ𸴣ɹˡ
һٲʲô޷Ԥϡ޷ܵ飬̬ʧأ֮С

ϼΪʲôȷˣԼԼƵһҪҲҪ
ڿʼκ֪ȵ뷨
һ¶ףǾ̽䣡



892 ķƶ
үڡӦ˵Уʹš
ʹΪǰͲӦôӦӡ
ڣһӵƨɡôɾģ

ǣȸ㹻̨һûеǫ̃
̨ʱͬȲִ֣ӵȨȫ
˲ɣ˲õ磬üˮЩԶҲ鷳ŷԽǰĶ־
һֶͽĿȣˣһꣻˣ֮һ˶á
ԣڵõȵӡ֮󣬸ӡ֤ӶľΣֲһɨյƣĪ˷ܡ
ǰǰһһǰһڡһ㣬ֲĹ֮Уܲ˷
ǣ
ϼֱһ

ȱ׷żˣֲϻӡΪΪȹʣŪǷ˶࣬ڼ庢ӡ
ҲּɣԼĶŮϣǳأɱʲôҪöࡣ
ͲˣתôĸСӣβǲɣ
ǣ¸߹ԼҲ͹СǵħԳ̶ȡ
ȾҪϸ³Тӡ֪ӵͲǻҲʵ
Ȼ涯ִ᲻õģǿ׶ӡװЦӻǲѵġ
ǣȺŬϸ

ԽԽˣЦ

Сһ仰һ㣬Ȱ

Ҫ룬˳ľ硣磬Ҳ֪ôǵ׵һô治ˡ
֪ǵĵǶôΰһˡ
ǣȻ˸ʼơ
Сǣ㳤֮Ҫʲô
СǺܹԣûһ仰׵룬Ҫס

û뵽ģףʲô룿е󰡣
ΪʲôҪף׿ɲŶ

Ϊ׾Ϳˣ㻹ҳ
ʮ

ҲУҲУֻΰĸȥлˡ
ǣֻصߺӵļҳ·ϣʼľһøס
ԷʱѾӶãԼԸιһСһСףСģдȸķ

תĹС̾ͳ׵⣬һһ׵׵ķﵹ
һߵһߺ޺޵ֹιιԲ˻ι㣡㣡

˷Ҫ˯ɣ
ȸҵĸСһš
ҲձۣСǷ˸ͰԼʹϷ˵ϡ
СѾͷƤʵúܣҲ֪ۣһ¾ǵȣôӵģ
ᣬ˭˵ӣӼĸǼٵİɣôĿʼˣ


ôõɣ
ѺӽԼճ͸͸ͿƵĽԺ
ȺһۣƵſڶ
ԺҶԶ㣬ôûĸߵġ
񲻸ˡ¶Ҳңⶼʦ๫߳ģûϵ
˵ŻΪһƲ죬ƽʱҪһͷҵۣҲûô
һͷۣ˹ߺӣ춼⡣
ƵĻͷһĸСħͷӱƼˣͻؿȥүôʰʵʵģ
ǺǡЦȻ̫ͬ
үҪǻ̺ܽӣҲͲǽˡ

뵽ķүʱĴһǼΪεģôͽء
һ̾˵֪ʦǶ಻ס
ڵСħͷǵԼҲ֪ʦôġ
ټҲס
ͻأһ仰Ȳһ㡭
ֻŷүת㣬ټҵĺãټЩôܺӵġ

Ǵ㵣֮ĬȻ󡭡ֻʣ¿Ц
үΪһбĿ𣿡
üͷһˡ
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Ҳ˵͢ǱѾزʦֶҪ̬ˣ
һۣ㲻һڼҺ庢ӣһ㶼֪ɣ
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ʱѾʣγٲȻֳϵ
һ֧ϣȻسϣȳĴӼλһˡ
磬ʯΪ׵ʯң˷Ϊ˼ҡ
ϽȻûб̬ǣڱҲԷΪӽر
ԶڰԺĹʱҲ޵ĴϢδȷվӣҲȰټң֮Ҫ֮
ȻйԺʮӴʿţЩȻֻеͼԱ֮Ѿ˲ݺӵĵزǵȻҲϣʦԴȨ
Щˣ˵˶ǼߣλĪĺôҵ̫Ҫǵǻƴǣҵ档

һ棬岩ŷΪĳдԱ
ǲϣȻϣ»ʵǻ֮Եһȵ漯ƿصĳá
ûŷôˡǳΪȣ˽鿿վȷҪԼѧ
ң˼ҵӲ̫ʹڴ̳ǿһĴڡ
ϻһӵε˶Ӧĺ٣ñĸ
һӵĹӪʯ
ڵĹٲ󣬿ӰҲС
λүƢãҲãȻдʲôԼĹѪͷ
֮ЩûֱϵҼɵЩ˻β󲻵

еɣҲϵ֮ʵһǾκͳеСͽš
κԲ˵ʵĹټűһ£Ǿ˵ʲôҲȨ
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һ¶ԿȵͬʱҲԼС˼
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СͽţǾĵġʹЧӦɵĺֻˡʱ
ũѱŵԵ㣬ѾʼڴʩеľģùϵĽľͰĿձ۸ЩСͽţʹξʧľˡ
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ǴڵľƣѾһźĳãɽͷϡ
У֧һʵʢлȨ
Ϊϸ벻ѷ֣ϵбûʵСнţƵĵ࣬еľȨб߹Ҫλȫһϵġ
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֮ٴݣǴεǰ;ɾδ֪ˡ
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⡣
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ʱɫҰܣڸڵ֮ϣ岩ʯȻһﲻսӽ㡣
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ǿҰ˸飬ȻǹͷһȻǹԺɡ
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ԭϼֺȷľǣ˱ȲҲôӡ
ǣʹҲû뵽Щ˻㼤ȻڼֲųԻ£Ҫɣ
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˶־Ͳô鷳һֱسɡ
ǴҪһ֧ȣȳ棬ټֻһ·ߣ̫ӣ䣡
ң̫˽Լʦˣֲҵ飬ڲʦҲɡң÷񴫸ԼĻҲ㣡

ǻ˭
üͷšһ֣û뵽㸴ӡ
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ϼִʱΪ侲ȴǸӣԽҡ
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ԣʱ򲻹ô˵ǶԷһӼᶨĻʦɡ
ģȽҧ´ġ
ǡֲЦһʲôǲ᲻ģ棡
ټҲ⡭૳֪ġ
ϼȻʱϺ궼ʼʹԼʹ֡໥εһԸӣȴҪƵ档
ټҲᣬΪᣬһġ
Ŷͷƣ˵ô죿
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ſڣͣʱ䣬һҰϴţʲô£Ҫң

ֲһĬ֪ʵ֪ô졣
ǶΨһİ취Լ
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áɣϼֶȵıӰȻӦʡ
Ϸš


ֲĳŵܵġš
ȣټҲΪʥּݣϼ֪ͨû֪ͨȣֱӾͰˡ
лǣʲô
Ҳ͵ڲ֪µҲ͵ڸˣȲܰҪ顣
ϼԼĿǸҡʯ䡢Ӽ˷ֱдһš
Ͽص㣬ֻ˵ЩݽеᵽҺʱţ֮ʤ
ݾҲǴ͵ȫʱٴγһս
ȻٴγŷޣǱϿ⣬͵Լȥˡ
󣬼ֲ޵ᵽ򲻵ѣϣǷϡ
Ϊ뱳ʧػĶ

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װҪȥ
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˹飬飬ؾѡ


ˣȲòؾʥּ֮·أ
㲡ͿˣԼƸʧȥ

ܼ򵥣ּĳ˵ģҲǼٵģ
ΪͲȥġ



894 ҲТʲ
ʱ䵹˻ʮǰʱأѾ޷
ǰòٴ̫Ӽʺϸ֮
ù̫θ֣Ѿֳߡ

ʱ˿̣ʳ֮ڣ岩ְ֮У岩ŸʯȻڣ鸦£
ʯȻɽ𢣬ϵڴˣ
ۣ
岩ֱӾˡ
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ŪİƤһ㶼ҵɵֱӡ
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ʯǰʯһιټҡ
岩üͷһ壬Ҫ𣿡
Ҫ
˵ʲô
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ʯã๫ǿԼһ˵ټɣ
ʯҲ
ǽأ
ǣ˵Ҳܶơ
֪ΪΣİƤȻһ
Ǵ̫ƣ֮ӣ岩ɵǡ
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ҰƶˣǷӷǵðƤɡ
Ȼ²ͬ⣬Ϸ
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ʯȻҷһģ๫ֺαأ
һѬ֮˵ȨԴ֮һҡ
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ȷʵôģǣҲûƵĵز
˵³çǿԶϣ岩ܣΪ˸С
Ѱɣ๫ʯȻû˵ꡣ
ݹ۹ŽһһĸȨСʱֵĳ͢к³
ʹûжģߵŴεǮŴεһزǲֻһȨġ
ڡõӣ
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˵ʵ岩е㶯ҡˡ
㵽Ҫ˵ʲô
Ҫ˵ʯ׳ȣ
Ҫ˵׳ʿҪ˵ʤҪ˵ƲǲԶ
ǣƣǶˡ
ǡʯһЦоǲм
ʱ๫ģԼǵ𣿡
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룬ʯҡͷҪҲûôҪ
๫ˣڵĴβǰĴΣڵĴɣҲǴǰĴɡ
ڲ̸ɫ䣬ΪǸոմǡ㣬ٶûǰôˡ
˵ʯվ˫֧ƽ岩
ʱķһǬһмҹľĴΡֵ𣿡
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׼۸ǶԹ¶ĸʶ
㣬ôĵӣ
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岩ûֿڣԭء
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ܼ򵥣ͬƽ£ʯ˾ͷȥ֮󣬶ʡС
ټϻʺӡټһûʲôҪԵĸʥּȫˣ
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岩ʱȻʯ˵ܡ𣿡
ֻʯ֣صֻҪؾֱȣ
಻ԥˣڡʵ̫ˣ
˵Ż˫ƱǰһҾء
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ʯ̫ˣ岩Ҳǲϲ£ҡڡ
Ǿ䡰̫һӾ͵岩Ѩ֮ϡ

ȷʵ̫̫һȻռžȨǡһЩĹҲֻܼвУèڳ϶졣
˵ӲʵȵرӺأ
񣬸岩ݡ
ʣϷܲ鸦һϧĶһǬ
ܣ
ѣ
İƤⱲӳһȣû˭
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ڸ岩ҲΪʲôҪʥּˣһǱҪǩѺġ
ǡ
ҪȥҸ๫ġ
岩ʯ˽⸻˵ҲԼĵߣǲɳġ
ɡ̾һĵȻҪǾס
ȥʺ󣬸
ʯԣٴδϣǾ๫


ʯһߣ岩ְ֮ⲽã˼ôϰ
ϻȥǾã֮鶯֮Ըûãǵáƭġ
һ˼岩ڰϷһſջƷگ飬֣Ų˸ְ
Ҫʸʺ̫ӵۣ˵˾ǻʼҹʣ顢ı
̫Ӽ裬æľࡣ
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İƤһ֣þˣ͸͸ȡ
ЦȤ磬¡
İƤʱڳ𴩵ΣڨЦӣ԰

˵գ๫ӴЦԴϲ
˵ɣ£
岩Ҳĥߴ˶еĻƷگ飬йٻ¹ͨ˰گС
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ʱ΢һЩԱ嵣ݱ䶷꼰⣬ԶݱܷͷӾᡣ
ԴˣΪ·ĸпǷȻС
±Բ˵޵ͨ
ЩУеļҴҵһ˾ʮļʲ˺˰ҲһʲСĿ֧
ԣǰվ࣬ɲΪԱ˺˰ˡ
СǮԳ͢˵Ȼڻ£ֻ飬ˣֽ߳
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ЦҿǼŰЩݶ߰ɣø徻
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ҲʲôҪگչҲϸ׼ӡֱС
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Ӧ

ĸȻû룬ȻһЦҲá
հگչȡӡŸȥ
ֻѹ֮ʱ˸ոıյƤմһСī
⡭һΡϷ̫Сˡ
ҪٻһţʥּگۻࣿմīҲͷϵˡ
û£岩ȴǴôŰɡ
˵Żϵگߡ
ͷϷְȲ裬͵Сš


£Բö˵ʯҵܻʺһͨ˳㶨Ѿ֣ࡢࡢйӡŵگ飬һöӡ
̶̵һ죬岩·ǹһô˵ʵ£Ҳǵһθɡ
ӡѺȫ͵Чʥּ岩鼫Ϊӡ
Ըұ֮İɡ
ҪԸ˿ƣĳ룬ˡ
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岩һң죬룬룡
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еµľӣ̯ϣҲ࿴һۡ
ǣ๫ʧˡ䣬Ϳһۡ
ף๫һ۾ͿīǷگ顣
ּ⻹ûȥذ
˵Żĵļչ
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岩ҪֹѾˣдУˣ
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ͬ
岩ﰡҲ˵ϲǱô̫߳ˣͬٴʥּ

ţǱһתۣİƤ
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گ飬̫ƽҺһ֪ʦƵĽȡ
һ䡣
˵Ż岩ûӦ£ͷʣľگּһ䣺
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岩ؿŸ⡭⻹ʶĸ
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ںˣԷȥˡ


ǣҲǼ٣ĪʥּôӴڻʳǡٷʮݡ

ڣѾҪҪǣĳּ˲ΣƱá
ƴˣ
˲ʲôʦϣֻһͷǵּʵܰһٶˣ
ڣֻܼϣڱȵȵǣˣ໹û뿪ơ
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ϵҲƴˣǸּһ£ǾͲǱɣս
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Ҫнӱ̵ļҪǧԮȴӮⳡս

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ʥּĩʮ̵֣ĵҺ˫Ŀۡɽӿ飬ȱ˼
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ٵĵҺʥּݺᣡɽӿ飬ȱ
ܰ
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꣬ǾҪΪԼƴٴιˣ
಻֪ôˣ
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Щµ๫Ҳˣ

˧ĶӵӽʱҲǼ߼
ǡҪȥ𣿡
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ɬɵӣǾˣʥּڴˣΨзӡ
ǡӽСǵ˰
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˵ˣֹӽҽУо¡
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ӽһᣬ֪˧ԹټҵĽƫִ֪˧ѾȰˣ
ģ
һ佣ˤڵϣ죬˸
ģң
䲻ˣǿŭȥټУȥˡ

ؿŵ϶ӵ佣ࡣմĶĵ֮Ѫϡ
ҪմȾԼ˵Ѫˡ
죬˸
ͷټּٿɽӿ飬ȱ˸ַ·ǧشһһ´ؿڣ
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𢣬ĳǹƼ𢣡
ΪĳȱҪɽ飡
ģǡΡ
뵽˴Һһƣ֮оǾ
ģģժºӧ˧Ȼȥһսס


Уоʣһֻ˧࣬׳ɢȫֻųĿ㣬žս̡
ִʣ֧ڵУ˧λĿ
˧
ӽȻŸףʱֵź죬ǣ
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ٰݡܣ򱱴󽫾ݾ¡
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ʱܹӾ

ҵ÷ϣ๫ɹ๫Ӽ๫Ͻʶϰ
ƽСʮ̣δһܣ
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з·ǹһĴκж渵
ټ¡ʥ裬С֮΢ĩ÷⽮֮ԹΪ֮Ҳ
˵˴֮˸
֮գȫݹټ̰֮ڷ屨۱ߣ
սɳʬ֮Ҳ

ңһΨһ
׵ӽ֮һ׾ΪңҪơ

ȻǱ߻û˵ꡣ
ټ֪֮࣬ȫ֮
糤縸
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֮ˢˢһӽͷþ
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ͬΪ
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895 ٳ
࣬ӺģѪꡣ
ȥսףȥйټͣȥһպٹ⣬׷ɢħ
ִִжѪ
˵ǡ
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һΣһ塣
ʱ˵Ŀǵһ߲ʿ

մմϲΪѶĳ๫ǣĲսĶʮһսۡ˧ףеʮ֣
֮ɽӣأ
ˡѡӡ




ҳӣ
ʯʧ̬ŭȴҲʮ򱱾Ϊȱݻ
һԵ岩һԲҡ
ˣ֪ˡ
Ϊּ࣬ĹǵһɱУͬʱҲһС
ɣ½Գɣܣ򳹵׻ἤŭǸӡ
ڣûֹӺƣû˿ӵùǸӵŭû˿ⳡ籩ȫˡ
ӺᣬƵ켺
˵ǻ̫ӡǺǣ棬ζҲ練ƣ˳¡

ڵ岩Ȼһֹ뷨ϣǸɱϣɱʯɱ˸ɱи֮Կˡ
ΪһѾһߵľ棬ɱˣ˵ǷӣλǴΡ
ӲɱˣǾֻһܣӣӣʵۡ
ڣ岩ԼȥҲˡ

У

ûӮ

Ҫг࿹

ߵʯɿգ岩ƽؿһۣͻȻʣ
˭Ƿӣ

ʯˣ๫˵ʲô
˵Ʒȣ˭Ƕһеķӣ


š


ؾѾ޿УĻ̻̲ա
Ƕۣڶ飬Ѿǳ׵մ֮ǳ֮٣ɳٶѾЯҴڵܹˡ
ڣʳ֮ڣͣڣ巵ղ
ãλ๫ûС
⸮ˣ˵оԹˡ
ϸΣ֮ʱΣûпΰ״ҡ
ٻҪǻȫ֧ţǵһʲôĺ˵ز
֮ζǴڱԵ
ܶǣЩЩн
ǣһɱɪ֮жȹ˼Ӱ´б˵ζµĶ
ųƲҹ졢겻͵н֡źУ˵ҹˣĶſȸҵ̼ҸɴŴ󼪣ֻʱһ鿪֮ڡ
Ԫڣƻ衣
֮ϣ̴࣬۱ãӵУ󽢷ˮ·٣ʮ
׿ͷף佣ӭŽ졣֮Уֿŭ߷Уһգգؿǰ
תǻɽǰǿ⣡
򣡡
Ȼ䣬һʮȻ
ȻȻ裬£
ǻʵ۵𣿡
Цˣʣ뵱ʵ𣿡
ԣмһƲ죬ǽɣһҲ档
ȷЦҲûȤΪ


ת䣬ɽǰ
ԶͼһλٷͷϣȲǰһ̽ϳǷʦ
ʩͣ
룬ͼп˼ڰһְ֣֮˰֡
һ֪ʦֻա
ʦͽһֱɽѾ˦ٿ
ʼգδаֽ


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ͷһϰȾ͸о˳еɪԪھȻһƬǡ
ΨһҹҳӰͷĺڰ֮Уؿȣűٳµݾ

Ҳȥĵȿڣ˶Ķȥˣ
ڻʳ¡
Ŷȵͷ˲䶮ˡҪˮһս
̧ͷǰˣôûȥ̫ӿ
ڰеӰǰƽһ¶һޱϤǲ٫ܹˡ
̫ӡ裬ֻ㡭˵𣿡

Цôľ㣡
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̫ӵùǻʵ۵ľ˾ˣ赱ǹԪϣȴΣôǹԪϣʵܵսѡ
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ʲôݣͣȾҪ𣿡
٫Ҫ֪ʲôд
ǡ
»ʣ

ĬȻãصֵܡ
˵꣬ǰֱʳǡ


٫˵ĵֿڻʳǣȻֱʳǡ
ǣͷʯ䡢ҡӼ˷ᡢ˾Ѿ
˷һȣ¶һ˿ЦգҺ˴æ
ҰãȺ޲
һԼļᶨ֧ߡջûз
߰ɡ
߰ɣ˷һ㶼ûȵĲã͡ʳǱߣ̲С


̲Сȷʵ̲С
һʳ֮£ôɵˡ
ֻŵʳǣһν̫ӵν˳ٿųһţ֣粢磬һǽѹŵǽһʵ
岩ʯƽ飬һ٣վǰ

һΡΡʳǺͰĹ٣һף
ȿ棬ôĶˣ治֪һ޴һң
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ԴںǿȥƵľ

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ڶڿֱָʳǣĹһҡ
岩ɫɷףɻǰһֳη֮顣
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ȣҲˡǴˣ֪ҵΪǴεĽ
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Ϸһ䣬ȻΪʱ

Ӻƣ岩Ѱɣ㵱겻ڹ٣̰ȨΪ˹ټԶݣǹɳ֮ĶĶȥˣ
һ𣿡
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ݾѹڿǰָ˭ɱ֮졣


ʳ֮ǰĹǶɵˡ
һ˱ȵŭУ˫Ŀͨ죬ڲʶˣҲҲôõĻʵˡ
һˣǱɽһݾŵĲ֪Ǻá

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ôү
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Ҳ֪ô컹û˵
ͻȻ֨¸¡ĹŰľתļХؿˡ
Тţ߳š
вһֻϴٸȣ
ּ⣡




896 ҹ


ؼʱ̣ĳĹٽ⿪һ⣬ǡ¿ĺûᡣ
¡Ѿã¿ǡȻǳһڿڝһˡ
岩ʯ֡顱Ķһ亹
£ǲ֪ô治һܿסġ

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ԣʶһˣ·óˡ
ҲΨаƽֱĲŸھǵĵˣᣬϰʱͼˣۣ
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ãͷҲء
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ǡ
˭֪縸ӵľ棬Ľأ

ʳǸʳǣֻǽҹԵøɪ
ҲǸֻһ̣֪Ϊʲôޡ

żֿ־壬мֲᣬǰ
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ֻϽ⣬һɣͷԸֿȥѲܻʺ̫ӽе


֮ڣδʣһŵһͷŵ澲˼

ԡ
ȴʮľ֮飬ݵݳĬ֮С
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ҲزҲ

ڣǽڣ
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ʱһĪ֮ϴˢȫͳͷѰɣ
統һ㣬ŸӲں
ǣܡ
ҲܺС
ΪЦ뿪Ǵź¹µߡ

ǵڵ˵Ⱥˣ̫ȻƿţۿܵȺǰλ𣿡
涵ؿŽδĻ裬磬Ұ̫ø㣬ǲҪƸʺòã

֮ϱС֮Ūһͺ
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Ļشôɴ࣬ȴؿȻһþȫ֧ӣᣣؿŴ衣
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ʱֵܶ˫赣޵֡ϰչӣôǧ񲻿գ

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Ҳ˵ĻشôĶݣֳǹɲӦڻ֮дڵ̹⡣

ǡ
ǸС޽̳Ķӣ
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ֻǰһɴᣱƿǰģҹȴֲҼݡ
ʱ䣬ϻʵһ˲֮нģ
㡭˰

ڴͷ֡
ˡ
ƴɡ
һֱڡ


⣬͸뿪ĵſڵֻͣͷһᣬдĳ嶯
ǣϽǿᣬ¶Ц⣬Բܻʺ˵̫Ӻгɣǵһ
˵꣬תߣѾҪˡ

ֿТ⻹е㲻ģټҺƷ˵׼ʲôʱˣǿסӡ
Ͻͻȥˣ
ȥö˶٣黹ûܻ꣬ȥ
˵꣬󲽳ȥ


Ĳǻλģ
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㣡
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û취Тֿ˰ѻʵ̧˳ȥڸǰһ齣ϻʵš
ǣտҲʲô
˴֮䣬ȴȷԸֿ֮⣬ܾԿʼˡ

ڣҪ߶Ǹ¶
㲻죬а취Ҫޱ֤һ㣬ɱһĹ٣
ոգں˵Ŀǡ๫ϳǣ๫ǻϳ
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ͬڹǰĴĹǵТܼܳ϶ԿʼˡȻǸСһ£ʳǰһ͸ɭڿʼ䡣
䣡
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ʱ˿̣ŻʳǰʢǰڣĿ߳ţ֮еľǡ̫ƽ˫־䣬Ȼ𡭡
Ԫڡ


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ڻʵߣƿڣȥֺαҪôأһƽɡ
⡭ؿЩĲ񻰵𡣡ôŪģ
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897 Ӻ
ûһ£ǸҲм࣬ȻһͳȻҲɼʶֶ
︻ȴλҪеĶ࣬û˻ٶоףͲͿԳ⣬Ҳʲôݳޡ
ɣԾÿһ˵ֻҪŭÿ˶ҵԼ̨ÿ˶ܴδ
գµĸԽԽõƶˡ
˵ȷ·ֻصǸ֮У㽡
Ｘÿ춼µĶСС󵽸ıµĴ졣
ϣ¡㽡ԽЩʻӡÿһ˵ĹҶ±ĸá
˲Ϊ˳ԱľػţԵñҲֻŪȨӪػţи׷󣬸ĻҸľʡ
硭
Ҫʳרũ֣ʳൽҲԲꡣ
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ǱµƴɣҲǴεƷӡ


ҹУţǰһнľˣһĵԼչǰ꣬һ˭Ҳ޷Ļ档

ʱ̻ɢԲµա
Т˾ôڸԶټԶҲ֪Ļ⡣
¹⣬Կϻʵʱֱӣʱ̾һͷԵʼչЦ⡣

ʱԣλصصţԼɣҲ֣Լһǧꡣ
ֲãֲã
˵ֲãֲﶼǴ˼룬ܣ
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λǱƳģȱŲγôүҲûӡ
ˡ
⣬һЦ
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ĹҲɵˣжΣ
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岩ɵƵĿȣǿɵӣǸоԼǸɵӣں޲Ҹطȥûˡ
һȣС
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ȣ̫ӵΪʲôȵĴӵ̫࣬Ȩ̫Ϊ
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ǣɱһߣˡ
ǰ£ǣȵگأһƷӿû˵ˡ
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ƣ

ҲУΪǸӺƣ
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ƣΨһ涼ѹȥҲΨһ˶ķ
˵Ʒ㷴Ҳı䲻ʵ
ǰͷĳǳһƶĺô͵岩ҲҪ¶Ӧ¡
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ǣȰѻ˵ݶϣӦҲøŵ
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ѾˣۿҪٹһҲǲˣһȥ
ʱվһȦҲ֪ʲôĽţȻ£ϷлҪ˵

Ĺһͣ˵λүʲô۶ӣ
ĺ棬ȻûȥȻҲûǿ
ǼֲȻľˡ
Ǳ߶Ҳ΢΢һüͷүүǡ
ʵЩѾòˣϵǸ˾ãֻ԰ʯָӵת
֮ǰΪʲôųãΪӼļþ롣
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ϊϵֻһˣһ
Ǹ˵Ӽ˵ԺͶȡ


ȵۺ͹ټҡ̫棡
ҲӺƵ桭
˵ĶˣҲʼ˵˻ˡ
Ǳ̬ɣ


һƬĬȻ
˷ҲãʯҲգҵвܹˣһ
̬ôǻô̬
Ե±ԹжƨûһǱʲô̬
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ЩĹΪʲôǣΪʲôֺ
үӵ۾˼ҿˣ
ΪǿŹôΪƴɣҪأ
һƣүӵĻ˵˵ϡ
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У
ȵǰϷҪǵȵ۵Լ˵һ䡣
ҵģ˭ҲΪƴɵȨ͸Լ̺ô顣

˷֮Цãظôˡ
ã
ݺݵһҧ˼ұ̬͵ҳ
ôĻȥˣǰ˿ǱڵĶࡣ
˼ұ̬̬֮ҾͲ˵ˡ
٫νôʵʺ׽㣬ȨֵܣôôӮ
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ʯҲ˹ˣôװͦȻʵɵӶ֪⼸ҹзӰûУָһһʵݣƨûС
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үһӣ͵
Уʯҡģ
˵ʱʯĶڵѪ
û뵽ֻǸǰˣүӵĴжںء


903 ƽ
ʱиҽ䶼Լ̣û취棬ӦҲӦ
ǣ̬ˣүӻǲˣȻһ̾
ɲףҪ⡣
ڽŲ֪Ǹ׶ǿͷ
ԼˣҪɷֵ
ǲ֪пӣ׷׵ͷⲻѾֵ
ټףҪǿΡһѹذ
ǸͣصǺͬ
˷̲סӻȷʵס
ȣģһͷģһ֧㡣
үһˣλ¡
ȵǽźʹһͷģҵģʵĺԸȪ¿ɰˣ
˷е㲻ԾҼô߸
Ȼ󡭡֪ĶԾˡ
ȵۣүһ˹ΪԼ˵ģ

˷оǳãǸӣܻǴӣ
Ȼ
һ֮ͦüޣҾ֮ʱȻ죬ǽҪһʣҪǰ棬Ҫɴһڣ
үӻȫֻѾ̵һݶû
ũѺͱȨ
ôǲܶռˡռˣ˼Ҫ˵лġ
ԡ
Եȵ۵˵ɣȨũѡ
Ҫĸ

ţ˰˵ļүûȲʡ
ʯʱҪըˣүôǸ⣬ôǷʬү˰
ҪôȨҪôǮѡһȵǰѡһ
ûģǿӮҰôʹ졣
֪þڱ
үǳԼڣԼ˻ڣƽһ·
ѡʱѡطҪЩŲӦҲôӦ

ʯ䲻ɣ˷Ҳ뽻е㻭Ҳ̫̫˰ɣ
Ψ٫
ţ٫ӦļΪʹ죬Ҳʹ죬ס
ҲܼȫţȨũѣһҪ

ˣʯĵһӦ
ԣַζˣôܼһйأǲǴͷ
뵽ʯȫһһɺͷţ̲ס˸
ȫйĹɣǡǲǺרһ˵İɣ
˵ڣǡҲڣ
ΪŲ⼸ңء
һŪʯҾ͸Щ˼ҹȦĽһùˡ
үӺݰʯģû뵽һģ

٫һ仰˷˵ˣҲû뵽٫ô̬
󣬶Ҳ˲٫ģ֪λţˡ
ǣأ٫ôȨũѶҪˡ
˷˼˵ǱȨɣ˼һûʲôţҪȨҲҪС
һƽϣҪȨҪũѡиĹͶԱǣҾ͵ˡ
ʯ仹ڷ£룬Ӧʲô
õ˼ӺƵ˼ֻǼҽ˼
̧ͷȣֱڣӻû˵
϶Ҫ˵ֻ
ʯʵ벻Ʒһڻʲô


Ȳǲ˵úͲ٫ˡ
˭뵽ϸӻĳֱ˵˵Щ벻٫ôȻ붼û룬ֱӾȫˣ
ڣõѡǲ˵ΪֻҪ˵¶ͳˣξƸĸҲˡ
ΪõĵλɲǲӦطҲɲ˵һֵĿܣϽ
ȵãл»ʡ
˵Ļһᴫȥ˭ҵģ˭Ǽģȫһ仰ûԥͲ
ǣľͳ
ûУȿα겻α
Ȼһɽͷɽͷڲ⣬ԺҲ⡣
εľƸɽͷ壬ɽͷ̸ʲôģ
á
ֻ֣˵
ƽүү˼ڡ
ǣڻûĵʱ򣬵һģҲǽ
ʯһɣû뵽Ȼô˵һ仰ȴǰˡ
˷ҲһϲڽҪͷûʧ
˰亹͵⡭ѾãȷʵǼ仰ܽ͡ġ
ȵЦʹӣģ㽫ҪģҲһźú·⡣

ô˵ľķˣ֮ǰĲҲԻ͡
ΨЩ㵣û뵽Ȼᡰ顱ãȻǡ
ʱˣȥɡȲ˵ĻᣬֱӸˡ
ɴ⣬Ƶľߡ
֮ھֻʣá٫ϼûߡ
֪һԼĴ㡣

Ͻе㼱ˣǧѷĻᣬô͡
ûش𣬶Ƕǰ̺׵Ƕȥɣ
֪лæŵߡ
ܻʺΣҲҪȥȴˡ
ͱˣԼ˵˵ﻰ
ֻһ䣬òܻʺһůС̬Ҳǳȥһ롣
ֻʣȡáܻʺȿܻʺ󣺡ȲһҪλȨ
ֻһ軵ĺӡ𣿡

ܻʺʱȻ˲Ȼ֮⣬С̬
Ҫ֪ʵۺ̫һ֮˳ӣЩˡȥȾŪȨҲ˵ˡ

ʱһǱðʧˣӺƱ⡣
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̫ſϽ
һ񣬡үүлˡ
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ôõĻͷŹˣ
ңȽ컰˵ȥˣ붯ƣȫĻӣٶɾˡ
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һжүүǰҴȥˣԼ
Ͻһ֣˵Щֻ˵ôģ
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Ҫʲôʱ򶯣
ȶ˹ٶơ
ʲô
á٫һүȫɵˡ

Ҫ
ֻǶ룬ּæһ䣬ǹ̺ϣǹԺ
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ۣ
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ҪԷģٱʹҲӣ˴ó׼һ
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ôҲ벻ͨΪʲôǹȶ˹һԺڸʲôӰ
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岩ȥ뷶ϣģǸʦˡ
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岩ѾǿˣǶҪһ̬ܷڡ
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ǵʲô
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ϲģ
үһۣɱ˵̫磬ϣĿɲһɽ
ңϷǾݱȽϺá벻ɲϷû¡

٫̲ס廰벻ʹȥ¡

û뵽ȰԴҡ磬ҿɲȥ֮ڣҳš
٫ˣҪꣿ
ص治Ǽٲ
ҳȥ𣿡
Ŷܹô¶ĵͷ

ԭô¶


904 һ˵õ
ܹе㣬еֻ
û뵽첻µزµӺƣȴ߬ŵȨԽԽŲֽˣԽˡ
ԭô¶
Ұ죬˼ˣܶ㵽ʲôʱ򣿡
ЦȶŰɣһΣȾһȣҲͲÿˡ

ڶʲô
Ǻǣо׻˵ĺáһ˵õȮ죡
ԭȻȨ죬ҲǸִȡǣϾԶݣΪĹϵ΢е˲㱧еǱš
ڣȸ˵ϴ϶˵㣬ôھϴ
Щġ飬Ҳ֪쵽ˡ
û취ǧĻصľ顣
㻹ªϰǡǡ෴Ǻ˵ǻۣҲǧľ衣
Ƚԣ˵ʮһͣǶʮһҲʱ
ںųơνȫĵķƣ⻪ĵȶôάϵģΪǵ©ٳ
ʶ̬ϵĲ죬ǲ֪ǧ꣬Ψֻ֮ƤȴҵΨ֮ۡ
ǡǱ
ȻǱ򡱲ǺƬ˵ĺɳ಻ǴҹĸŮÿĸݵķšҪ߶˵ö࣬ǻ۵öࡣ
鷳ʱ򣬸йϵĹԱӦýҲԾã飬Ҳǹ򣬲ܸ鷳
Ȳƿˣǲ룬Щ鶼û
ٱ磬һӣ
һƣһǶǴȨҲһ᳹״Ҫƫ֮֮ʵ֡
Ҳһһȥһ˲ģһʵġ
ƽ⣬Ҳǹ

ҲֻεĹʵϣֻҪϸǱڵĹᴩ˻ķ档
ǹ
ΥҲǹ
׾ǹ
ѵúͿǹ
ЩƱĶȴǻȫͬļֵΧ
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ȷȨء
֪ŴȨأΪʲôȨأʲô
ǣҳȨ֮ѾԽˡ˽̳ɷ磬ɱȫ塣

һȨȻԸ衰ȨȻҲ԰ɷ᳹򣬷βĽɲҪ̫ĿƼ֧š
ΪʲôϽ˽̣ȴ˽Ӷأ
ֻҪֵٸǽǻһŲܡ
Ϊʲô
ʵһĬҲǱ
ΪߣԼ
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ʡ˵ȨߵĹɱ
˳Чʡ
壬Ȩײյìܳͻ

˵ªϰ
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˵ˣԹǾһᣬ˭ҲӲ˭Ҳ㲻ˡ
ȣȻҲС
ҪǸҳſ̤ƽ
ȻȵԾܾ˭˶򣬵ǣһЩܾˡ
˵ʡաЩôĽʿڹٳʮˣΪ⣬״Ԫڻ񲿹ԺһС
һʮ꣬ȻҲְʮ겻ؾҲ˵ȥ˰ɣ
ãȲЩٵȵȣǣʦأʦأ
Ǿ㲻ᣬȥ

⻹㣬סűصĴӢۣڼ︳ѾˣӪεһ䵽ɺӿѾˣʯĴӡݾʯȫʯȫ״ʯȫҲɺӿˡ
мӶĹ˰һȥꡣ
ѵ꣬ûȥһҪ٣ûһĻõؾˣʥּˣΪȣôּˡ
ȨˣӦӦõ
ܾأأʮȥݵӪıΪһҵȴˣΪųӱ
ڣܾڹҲû˵ݾҲûһʽľְ
ǲӦøֵƽ۹ͣ

ȥȫ飬ȫôӦã
ǣôӦã
ҪʲôܣͰӦð¶ˣӦû鶼ˡ
ǡǰ˾һٶţԶĽĹϵüٺţҪȫˣǳ͢ˡ
Ȳ𣿣
ֻǰһңҲý˵


ܹԽԽ֣治٣˵ûҲеûඡ
ĬȻûҲû
ڻˣԺɡ
ֻ֮̾вţȴ֪ûôߣҲûҵĽ죡

ܹҰ죬ЪЪ㣬飡
ȥб۵û˵㣬ϼ鳼Ķ
ܹ˴֣ת˵ģܼҾͲˣ϶̸ؾˡ
Ҳͬ⣬ͲΪˡ
𣡣ȼֹûŪԺû

ʱһԵϼҲˣϻȴһڲٶûС
˵ģϷ򶼲˼ˡÿڵģǵÿ
һۣϻв˼ʱ
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ǣϼ˳˶Ϸ򲻹ܣҼ˼ð֡
ϷҲûʲôҪ󣬶һˣѰɣ
ǲѣϲĶӶˣˣҪǣ
ϻݱԼҵİɣ
ط
ϼֵ۾ʱ˵Ϊ뻻
ϼֶһˣΪʲôףȺͲܹ˸ոôһ˵ϼˣôȻͷȥˣҪˣӶûˡ
治СȿǱȷʵһ˱ȥ
˭
У
ǡ޺ӵǸ
ԡȵͷ
ƺѾ깤һվӦˣ̨
УֲشļǼ
ȥ˼Ķꡣ
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Ϊϼͣݼ࣬Ϊ˳Ѿˣ
ʹǶϷڵʱŪģҲҶڵʱŪġ
ۣ
ˣϼֻǡֱӣ
ԣף
ϻǸˣһ벻¶ҲҪ
۹⹻ġ
УڴӦ˼⼸ҲһֱҰ˰ɣ

٫ԷЦóǸʲôٶ
ĳ룬ֻܹǸЦǼүһĥ˵ͷ
Уôˣȥݣ˼Ҳˣ͵ˡ

ܹƶˣȨܴ
Ȼ֪Ȩûж󣬵ǣΪĵ¿ѧԺǰѧԺԺʷ֮е
κһ˶



905 Ȯ
ȶ飬ûе
ڣ˵ǿ⣬ΣҲа˰ֻ۾ء
ȣκ顭
֣Ͷȡ
ҲӦñΪƼ¼ְʱ֪ݣϻڵѾʮˡ
û
岩һκȥְţλʱԸκд˽š
ǣ㿴ҲСˣ๫ˣû˰ɣ
κǲѡ
ͦϷһССɴνڿĵڶ˰մݣˣҪGDPȥզ죿
ߣҪôҵĹ٣ҪôҾͿּ

񣬽ӵݱȸϢκǿһӣȻ󡭡
Ϳʼдš
ǣϷô꣬ûҲпͣİƤ붯ҵλӣ


ٵ
ʱΪڸúžڡ
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Ҫ֪ھݸְǻŸء
Ƹƨء
˵ģȵۼݱ̫ӼλƷӵ˵𣿡
ȴǲˣ˵ˣҹ汱ףǮˡ
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ѾӽʮˣȴôСط䣬ڵȥˡ

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㸮ã
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ô㸮á
ΪҲˡҡĿĺһ
աĵ죡

䣬ش˶顣
Ϊ·ʢġ˷Ӵһ֣ǻܣ־ܡ
²ۣһͱץ׳
ǡ
û뵽һ֣ҾҲͷӴæ£

λͬһЦ˵¶
˰죬û˵أͬȥš

ִʣίܲ鷳á
ǣɡ
ҺӴ˽ǿǺһ𴳹ˣ

ǣӺһӣϾһ仰
ٲӻؾΧŹ֮


ϡ
հ緢ǹ財
СѾɳΪġɡΪȪݷ°ͷŮ֮ѡ
ȫż񡭡
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̫Сʵ۶һۣۡʵûסˡ
Ʒ𰡣ɱʯ磡



909 ź
ŷ޶ð
ģļ紺Ҫʲôûʲô
ӣ񣬺Ұ޲࡭
ཿ豹棬趼ϴ

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˵һȣܱߵЩνļֱͿĲҪҪġ
ң¶ôȻʶãǳã
ӽ󣬷Ѿˣ;ǧֻǡʩͽ䡱ţ;ȥ˾ͱ
ɽͼϴӴεŷңԶңԶľ룬}ûţ˵ԺɵСŵ㣬һãƷµȥ֣Ҳ鸦ȥˡ


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ʱ˿̣ʯĶˣ˸ӣӺôô㻹ɱҸɾ
䵽ֵط˵źúø㽲Ǹʲôطжá
ôûôģҲûôĥ˵ģ

Ҫˡȵһ仰ʯһ㶡
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ô˵鸦ҲжݣҪ
ʯԼ֪һϣ͵˵Ļ
ȻҪط
ȳȻؿʯŷް治˴ĵط



910 һţǼ
Ҫط
ȵĻϣŷްͣ治˴ĵط
ʯ֮ϲľҪȾϸ
ǰˣӺƣʴ尡

ĳ룬Ƚһ䣬ûʯ
ŷް治˴ĵط
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ĵ治Ǽ㣬һϣιȷʵǿ

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ȼͣ˼ȥ˰һ꣬㿴СطŪģɫ۳žͳɴεһ˰Ҫˡ

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š浹ûӲһӻز治ҰѼڴΡ
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һߡ
ȳլӣ֪ΪȥŷޣǱѾƴˡ
ʱﻹĬŷ񰡣ҡ
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Ӧ϶عǣȹ˸䣬ȥҡ

ЩҪţЩˣҪȥҡ
Ĳ


ڼңҺɣڼҡ
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ŰգڸǵĴ©һŰȷʵúȡ
ҲãһѶ̳һֵ̳ܰ㵣ˣ
԰գͷ͹࣬ҪֵܵͬҾƴ
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̧ͷȣ¶һɵЦ⡣ʹֵǵ𣿡
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ˣٸԭְҲ뿳ȥˡ

ֻһⲻǲܾӦ˵Ļ
ģʲô鷳ģ
٫˵Ȱܾ˳硣
ˡȴŵͳĳܾ˵ȥ
žʮӪֵܣЩꡭ
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۾Щʪ󣬡ʮ䣬ֻҪսǵӰ
Цһǽأ
Ӫٺ˴ʮŸ
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Ҳðúùˡ



911 
дʱһƬ£ܾŵĻ˵Ӫϱǵ
ǣųӱ

ˣһǻ̫ƽʢ
졢ء壡
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Ĩ˰ϵĳʪ˵ǰͷֵԺùܣ
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Ӧøˣ϶ЩжΪѾˣӦЪЪˡ
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˴֣⻹ʯܸɵóġ
ܾҲã
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˵ŻܾҰ죬ʥּ
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Цţҵļɲ

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ֻɭȻش𣬡Ժְ֮ǵټң
գˣ
϶ûס˴ֿڡ
ϳһ˦֣ˣ



912 ƴ
ڼݱ࣬·ߣٹټ졣
ʱ»Ѹ죺֮⣬һԺĹԺΪԺ

Դ˶߲Ա֪ģ֪ĳٿʼɻôԵ޹ʲôݸ
ǣ֪Ǹʲôģˡ
ְ˼ѡ񲹡֮ѧΪһ꣬¼ãЧ쳯
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ңݣ˵񲹵ˣ˰ٵ׽ʿг嶯ȥϴװס
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ڹѧԺ飬ȻҲɣϻ˳

ɵģȻһЩѧð֮ѧڹĹΪĵط˴塣
ǣվ࣬Ĺٻô¶ġ

˵ˣѧԺڹ˵Ƥ£ǲ׵ľأ
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ƺ;ĵĵһߵĿνϢ統˵º͸ĸ
û뵽ôһģȴһˡ
Ҫʴ˭Եã˭׷ȣҲͬƽ·ͣĹݴѧʿǡ

ƵϢһϲҡһ䣬Ʒĸɢ˶ƷҪԱűְѧԺķ
ſṳ̂ƽˣ
ѧԺԺԺѧԺĽУҡ
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һ仰Ҫ˭Ҫ˭Ʒӻá
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⼸գүİƤ򡢰ֻҪǳ๫ϲ׽˸顣
ͶѲϽеУһҪñպ÷ִ磬вԺΪΡ
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Զǧ֮ĴɣҮɺһ֮ųһͷľޣѴϽԨڴεĽҪͷδ֪

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ǽһʱͺˡǵ˧ѣء
ʱڽҲӣüͷ
һӣˮƽʱڡ
﷢֣ôˡ
Ԯ̫٣˾Ǵ󺦡
Ԯ࣬ݵʮɾ
֪űأܶ
ǡ
˾ᣬݲܲȰ
ξǷβܣرɶѪϴ
ʱݾʯȫһ̤ǰһ
˧ɾرԮ
ݾڣʮɱΪ壡
٣
ƽˣô˵
ǿģ浱ԼӪ˹
ߡʯȫһӪ
Ӿ
ˣͺһֹ
ǿڽݾ˽ֺռǣȷʵǿ

תʯȫʱ궬֮غδˣݾϾϱҲ󣡡
ڵ࣬ʯȫȻΣͷϴ
˧Լǣĩˡ
˵ͷڽ
ԮݣǱǣűߣ֮ߣ
ǵΣ
˼ˣܲӲۿݸɣ

ǰ˧ɵأסȴȫǴ񰡣

ĪȰסڽۿɽͼ
ʱ˿̣ҺԼ
һΣΪν졭һΣԼˡ
ˣ
һݣǾͻΧκԡ
Ǵݣ
ǼŴеٱ֮൹ҪˣҮɺǲȡ
˻ڽһ
򡭡ݣ
ˣ
ݾϣű㳲Ҳʮһսݱһȣһأʤϡ
ңҪǣɾ
ûʥͣĹټ˧ҪǸŽɣӮˣصΣҲֻ·һ
˧˼
ǰԪ˧³ç
Ԫ˧һε黹вۣд

Һĳһ
ոԥ֮ڴˣԽ˵˵ĳĴɱͷ

ǣʱͬˡ
̽뻳
ּ⣡
ڽһּͣ⣿ѹֵ˧˴󵨣ԭʥּ
ǣ԰ҲãҲգྩʦǧô죿
ڽּ
˷ӦѾչʥּж
گ
ʥλʼ
µۣڽ飡

һѷϻû˼ֻȵһ㡰ɻ
ڡ

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˵໺ʥּһ٣ǲˣǺֻоŸ֣ǰѵڳҲο
ڽһһ٣ɭȻĬ
¼Ȩɡ
ȡն࣡

ն࣡
ĸ֣ĿѾʪˡ
һΣ
εһοԺ佫
ǡôĲװ

ڽĬȻ֮Ҳ͵˧һֻһѪ˴ӽŵϴڣ޷˱ӷᡭ
һ̣ڽĲܣǸж£ǡ
ί
˰ίǧǧ˵ί·һ̣Щϳй
Ĩ۾ͷţ
Σզôװ
ǡ
ίһ˸߹һ˵ս⣡
ίһһҳϣ

λ
Ҳۣɸս
ң
ãһԹӪîʱ̣ɳ
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ڽԻӪӽ˧ߡ
ס
̧ۿ˵ӽһۣȴ㣬ֵͷ
˳ã
ף
ӽǰһ
ѵľӲ𣡣

ͷ˻𣬡ȥ׼Īڶ˵һ֣
˧
ӽܰ

ήҲǿŲȥ
ǰΪܡ

౱ٹűأΪһ鱨ҮɺΧݵ鱨
ǣһ鱨ոûᡣ
岿ڹ˰ɱʹҮԺТɶǣߴϣҮɺװʮսĵױе

Щʲôģ
ҮɺΪʲôڹôĺô
ֻҪһ˼ֱȻҡ
ɺӿڣ
ȻսδǼȻ·ɺӿҲ顣
ף
ɺӿʮһ񣬻Ӫĵӣ
ܾô˰
룬ӽ֮ȴǵҺ֮Ϊŭ˻
͵̧ͷΪ
ô죡
飡
һعһµɽͼΪ
ôȣ
ϽѪ˿ӢȻ¡
ҲȣǣǾˡ
ݣ֣һһءһһʣ㵽
ڵɺӿڡûȡ
಻ܣΪӪΪʮһհ֮յء
ܡ
Ĳܣ

ͼϽߣȴԶĵɺӿڣ
Ӫֵܡ
࣬Ƿǵģ
ɺӿڵİա
࡭


915 
ɺӿڣ֮
캮
Ѫ䡭
ۣ
ƺ಻ڰɽˮãѩԭⳡս裬ɵգ⺿ŭŸɰһѩĴųǽ硶׳ҡ

Ϊ̫ƽˡ
Ҳһ仰ǲںƽʱֻںƽĹҡ
ЩȻͺѩ֮УɱѪϴɺӿڲ߶
ǣȴڸӪ

ʱѩ¥Ѿ˰ߣΨ¥Ĵӭչ
ǽӿݣڳĿĻ֮£Ȼ
ϣҰ̾ͣѩڸѪɫڸӪ׳ңҲڸˡ

ţһƬţ

ѩԽԽ
ڶ˹Сð̶ѩؼɫķѩǣ岽֮⣬Ӱ
УڹɭȻעǰ
ŷѩԶɺӳǡ
졭
ʮĶȴССĳǳ֮º죡
Թֵһ۳ϣԸ
ݱ
ֹڱѩɱ˵ĽҲûǡ

Žˮһȥǽϵġʬ
ˣ
ͷ˪ѩڸǵĿ֮£¶һ˫۾ɨɨ
𹷿ˡ
ҳ򣡣Զʯȫ˾һӦһ
ǡ

׷϶￨ŵļͷʯȫ۵Ļֱ飬ҧ¹
ãڿѩ֮еĽں󳷣ʱУ
죬ͷȥ
ǽϻܶ˲٣زסǽôΧġ
ӣͷܳһΣ
ͷŻһʯȫ˵йĻǿ˿ڣ
ָˡ
дˡ
죬ȥͰյĴ컹û˵϶¶ˡӪǧ¾Ԯ޿
ʯȫģ
ˣǰһץͷļ򣬡㴬Ӳ洬ֵܵǻȥ
һȴҡͷ
ֲٳֻ֣ˮı˵洬嶼ˡĻд
ǣʯȫ۾ɲϷûҲûϵŰ壬︡ľܱǿ
һƬĬȻ
ãͷ̧ͷʯȫӪ
ֻսûܵС
ʯȫסˣԺ֮вɸֳͷߵһ仰
ǲһ·ˡ
ȫʯȫ·һж˾ãȻʧ
֪
ǶǵСų򣬺ǲһ
Ƕţ
Ӫ
ععأڹű°սʮɾ
ǽҲԸӪ
ǡ
ʯȫ۾ˣˣ
ûˣûˣ
ӪҪǶҲûˣ
Ժ˭֪εӪ˭ǵİ࣡
ʯȫźС
û뵽ģȴڽʿĮȻ
ͷվΣ˴ϵѩУ˫
ȻؿʯȫԶҲᶮ
Ӫǽ
ӪĻҲڡӪֶ
ӪǱ
ֻҪڣӪԶӪ
֣Ҳϲ˸

˵ŻԸڽͷ
ʯȫһһʱ֮ûζ
ģΪλѡͷˣ
ˡ

ͷϣڽʿջŹƣڷѩ֮ͣǰͷ
ͷ˰һԡ̧ʯȫǰ
ԡʯȫϵãǻ̵¿͵ģÿһˡˮɽȥˡǴӪԡ衣
ΪŪôܵĶӪȺ˳˺óһʱ䡣
ؿԡͷǡ
ͷûӻѼӲͷӽԡ̧ͷʯȫ߰ɡ
㡭
ûʲôҡͷƮĶȫ컯
ʯȫҪһߣ
ܡͷҡͷڳ·ϣҲԸܵˮ
ʯȫһЦʱ򡭡ս
Ҳһʤ

ʯȫû˵ʼһˣӪĲǴξ˵ϣ
ҪɺӿȫǲڽΡ
ֻӪ޵УΪᣬη
ʵֱڣֱʯȫӪ֮Ŷ
Ӫ޵УǱ
£Ĳ
ͷ˵ɵɢ˭ӪӪ֣Ҳˣ
ˡ

֪ʯȫͻȻ񵽵׼˼
Сң
ֻʯȫһ˦ͷ
áʲô
ʥּ
ŶŶˣʯҴ뿪ˣ׼ʥּˡ
ǷݵӪؾʥּ
أء
ʥּʯȫֵһɲǣһ٣̲סҪǵԹΡ
վɽķݶϣСչһ
˵ʱûκųھã˰뱲ӱֵãܺӪսһһң

ʯȫûӻӹʥּѩ֮չҲϸָ̽ڣҧһ˺ʱѪ
ʯȫ۲գһ£Ȼѩɫʥּڻдľ䡣
дգʥּ𣬳ϣ
ĳӪݺ㣡
ּؾ󣡡
⡭

סˣͷҲһ
ֻʯȫǳ⣺
ߡ
ߣ

Ҳߣʱ۾ĨᡣӵıҲҪ
ߣʯȫ·һˣӳȥ¼ס
ţ
ڿʼ㡭
Ӫһ
ţŰɺӿڷشΣ
ӪָӴȥ
Ҫ˺ϡ
˵ʯȫൽԼǰҲŹ㣡
ҡ

˵ĻᣬʯȫһѰӵԡԶ֣ԡơ
ʶԡ֣£
𶯣ʯȫɡҪֵһ
ΪҲҪҵֵһ
ء
ҵɣ
ľˮŲ𸡣Ѿģ˫ۡ
֣°ɣ
ȥһһӣ
ʯȫľǰһΣֵܡסˡ
ʱ򣬻ţҪ


ľ轥ԶȥĿ޺ԽԽԶʯȫתصϡ
ӪȺؿԼ¶һ˿Ц
û취
ǲӪ˧ӱϾӪ˧
ߡڶӪ

ͷĬĬؿʯȫ֪ΪΣʱʯȫԺ֮еһӰʼںϣЩѷֱ˴ˡ
Ѿʮ㡪
ȭʯȫ°ݣ룬Ӫ˧ʾ£
һӪʿ֮ͬ
Ӫ˧ʾ£
һӪ˧ʯȫֻˡ
úúãԭȺ˵ͷ͵òҪ
˵
һ࣬ʶֱͦ壬ڽ
ٲԴ𹷣
֪֪Ӫͷóû
Ҳñ¼



ʯȫӪ˧꣬ڻӪ˧
ŶӣķػأڼɿջѲӣ޲һ¾ͰӪ˧춼ˡ
һ߻εһѵʾ㣡
Ūʵ
ǽ죬ͷ죬ͱ˵ҵı
ôӶˣ

ͷ޲Ʋ죬ô죿ʮһǣ˵죬ʱزס

ۿɲܻģʯȫӪ˧񫡣һ̣Ͷһ
һָ棬˵׼һ̺Ͼˣ

һָҪǼѩİɫֻ͵һһ硭Сˣ
٣ͷû
ǿ˹찡ûѩҪͣˡ
һ̣һأôܻܲһ̶˵


ѩҪͣˣġð̶ѩĿ죬ȥҲ졣ӸоѩСƽѩЪһʱ
ͷϵӪʱѾĽʼǽƽĶˡ
ʯȫޱ飬֪ӪĴޡˣ
һ󵶣ֵǣ
ӪʯȫҲ
±ӣţǣ
ͷ֮磬ص±ӻֵܣӪı

ǡôɿ飬һԵȴǲ顣
ǵȻ
ؿź棬д
ʲô⣡ͷΪԼˣæ˳صĿ⿴ȥ
д
Ŷ٣ͷ˷ܴУʯȫһȭ
ų죬濪ɣ
ˣ

һȭʯȫ˴۵졣
ʱҲϾۣź棬Ҳɵˡ
д
쿪۰

ʱ˿̣Ӫ·һǿĪ
һߣһߣ
ǰһ̻Ҫͬƻʣһ̡
дˣ
죡

ѾڳִС
ڣԽԽӪĽʿǴϲ
˴Ͳˣ
˴Ͳӱ

ǣڿʯȫ͵ͷһã
ǴͷƮġ
죡



916 
⣬֮
һŴѪʥּʬ
ʮǰԮݵĴνںűðӪʥּҹ̹¶ػص˴Ρ

չÿһȶޱϤΪⱾױ飬й¼û¼ֱӸӡͨС

گϹ顭
ϧһ
չʯȫѪ͵дʱӳȵ
ˣ
ѪĴһȵģֻоը죬ʲôҲˡƣйж¡
Ӫһǧ˰һʮĽʿʣ
Ϊˣ຺
ӡ
棡

쳤Хŭա
棬࣡
Ҵ򣡣
ɣƽ岿
ҪӪᣡ

ӺƣԵķüȡ
侲
һߵļֲǵͷǲܵġ
һ౨Ƶǰɣµս
ȽӹһüһݾϹ飿
ɭȻʲô˼˧Ҳɽͷˣ
ڣݴζʮԴʮѹƾռ
ҮɺòݣԮɻʥگΪگ˲սʥּѾȥˡ
£Ҫݾò˵ȵһӦǵҲˡ
Դˣֲ̧ͷϸ֪
Űգɵط౨ʱüͷĸ
治ǵ̰Ǻɨŷǵݾήˡ
ʱڣݾЩûȴϷһεսʹ䷢˷ñǣѾˣҹɵˮɱݾ޷Ӧ
ڣݾӽɵʿֽŶˣжò·߲ˣѾʧȥս
ٿాĲұ֤ܲܰ˴شΡ֮£ֻݾϹ飬ɸʧ
ô
ȼˣȥɣʱڲ䰡ôͶôࣿ
ʯȫʯȫôı

ߣֲһȥɣǺ멣ʵȻ䣡
ܱΧǣᵶɱܴףܴ̫񡣡
Щ衢ٯϱѩûôܲˣ
Ȳ˵ɫͨ죬ֻ˸𼱣ŴλӪһ
Ѿ£ֻҪٵһ£һϷԲٳ֣һʦѪϴ˳𣡡
Уһڻؾ
ս𣬾Ҫձ
Үɺۣôƽͷ֮ޣ
ݾУǾõ౱
Ӻƣͱһ
ҪסڼϿĲֻһӪΣɳ嶯
̫˽ˣ¹Ӫʧء
ǡȺ۾Ӫôûˣ
ҡô磬ôܾǽ
ҡô˵


ʵȥ˵Ӫɺӿڣһǧ˰ٶཫʿȫûϢѾˡ
ʱ˿̡

һ׸ּս£ӹҽϵǹ粽

ܸ
ܾţʮӪϱ׸ּףֱǹɱɭȻ
϶һֵܣҧڣ
ӪûأʹˣҲӪԼû
ʮϴʱҲɲɱһ׹ʣҰͷ
ѽɱ֣ӪĳͲ㱨

Ժ
ݡΪλĴӶƷᵶһ׼ס
Ǽ괺¥ı֮ʱȵרʹ͸Ӫġ
ЩӪϱʹӪȵûǣÿһףξֻӪС
û뵽дһ졣
Ҳĥߴ֡ݴɽ׼ǡ
뵽ͷ뵽أ뵽ЩӵӪϱһҲס޲÷ɵɺӿȥ
Ѷ︴˼æɽǣȥҪְ򲻿³ç
һ֧յڴзɵ¶һЦ
ҵıսˡ
ڣֵˡ


һҲû𣿡߻޷Ӫôû˵ʵ
ԣҲһ˿µûġ
ǵĽѾɺӿڣûлڡʬ嶼ûҵ
ôô۶
򲻹Ͳ𣿡
ǰѴø˰ա
飡
صһȭ֮ϣＷһ֣
ڹˣ
ǽˣڶȷģ͵գ־͵д

㻹ȥҺͲܼҵСӰɡٰѵڿɶڹսء
սԴѿһۡ
սӦսֻӪĻֲŲ
ǣҪӪҲս
Ȳ֪Ĳ֪Ҫôԡ
ʱ˿̣ʼӲΪʲôôĹңôѽⶼƸ
ãȻߣһʺŷȥתţ
һ˲ܾҪ˵Щʲô


֮⣬¥¡
񡢲ݡܾ֡šӪŵʮ߸Դ
Χ£֡
ӪɺӿڵϢڴķзϻһ᲻ǵã
Ҷ֪ЩӪ¼վڹſڣҪ
빬ǵĹԱǲߣǱȰǿɶеö࣬ʮ߸һǺǵģ
Ҳᣬǿһϵͷξ㹻Ժա
ͳּѾˣ˵Ǵ˽֮಻Ϊ
Ǹ۵ĸˣѧԺԺͬһ֣ƽ
ʣµЩѧԺİףҲǴƷ
ǶһվĲӪǴ佫
˴Ӫ⡣Ҳ֪ʮ߸˶Ҫ˭ȥùͷ

ʱȴӹг񣬿Ų϶
ȵﾹ¶һ˿֮⣺ȥˣ
ҡͷⲻ֣
ҵӪ
Ҫǽӻ
һͷʹֿܾ
϶ѧԺˣ³ç
ߣ϶һ
ģֵܲΪѣ
˵ŻŹ֮һȭܾ
ԸжΪ䣬١ս󣡡

ܴ硭޷ֿǸԺ㲻ܸһ
ЦˣЦһķë
ɡڣڳʮλӪϱ
ʮ߸Ӫĸ
ڣӪͻУ
Ȱסġ
ΪӪһִģ
ıû㶪Ӧøˣ

ʱ˿̣ʹĹԱݣݡ
¥ǰפۿİΪʮ˸ݡ
вɵһ˿
ǴεӪǴεı
ڣۣ


ã
Ⱥһҧ֪˵ȰסҲûȥȰӪŪġ
еһ׾̡
ҹǰ˿
ʲôӪ

̲ҵæһɶ೤İ׾չ
ϸֻ׾ͷһֽگ飬ǵټҵӪؾʥּʯȫѪҲȻȻչǰ
Ӫһǧ˰һʮĽʿʣ
Ϊˣ
຺
ܣ
棡

֪ΪΣǵ۾ʪˣľ䣬Ӫĵζɵң

¿еѾ̲ס
׾֮ϣӪľʣȴʥּ֮¼һС֡
ɺ֮սǧλӲʮգУȫ
ƳǶ룬ȻδƬףճǶ顣
ۣ
Ӫһǧ˰һʮĽʿһ
ɺӳʮһǧŰһʮ񻧣һѣ



917 
ǰŰ׾ȥдӪ׳ңţξһȫʱĿˡ
ʥּʯȫӪһǧ˰һʮԱսľʣһ޲ÿһξˣÿһΰա

ĬĬߵߣĬĬؿӪʮλϱ
𼱡
Ӫɺӿȥ
ʥּ·ʯȫѪ𺳣ʯǸûûӪ
صͷҰʱ䣡
ãȳкá
仰Ҳһ仰
þѣޣ
ԴУѡã
в㣬ѡԴɣ
˵ֻҪӪڣ֮͢

Щ˵ܴ¥ǰӪϱüü
ʱ༤̧ͷڳڡ
ҷģ
δӽ쿪ʼһӢۣǵġӵܱ
ʬǡɳ

ӵܱ
Ϊ֮һ˵ʣǣǺεУ
ӵܵӪпƵɵһʮһɺӿڰյ
ӵܱӵܱ
ã֮˽кó
֮
ã
ã
¥ǰһƬڡ


ʱֲվڹǰŰǼźͷһۣȻ
ӵܱϼҲôˡСôģ
⡭
⽫Ǵξϵһ𣿡
šүƲ졣ɵ˵ЩӦþôһ˼ˡ
̾뷨
룬үһˣ˸ɶϷĵӣ
˵Żһķһתˡ
㣡
үµûӴʲôë䶼ˣ
~
үûͷϼֶܲ³Ǹɪüүһ뷨
ôʱҪ˸öáĻȥݵľϷ򣬲Ƿϣġ
ĵӣţ


һߣҲǣʱѾڿǸΪʵʵˡ
òޣ
ޣ
Ҫһ͢Ҳ飿
Ƕ̫Ǯ֮ǰӪپͻȼᡣ
һԼﶼûס
Ȳͬ⣬ֲһ䣺
ڴɾ˵ѾҲˡ
ǡ
ԡû뵽Ȼشʮָɴࡣ
һһ򣡡
棡
棡
ǡ
ȫϵȵ𣿡
еǱˡ
һ˫ɺã
Ǻǡ
ȵûŴӦ°һָܾ϶ڻǵķ𣿡
ɣԴԴϵڰѪ
Ҫ٣Ҿܸ٣
˵һ˫һƥǣһƥٴƥ¶

ø߲Щȥɣ
ɵˣû֮صĴΣôһˣ
˹ȥɣȿı֪ʲô
Ҳû֮أȱǸˡ
񣬰ΡǡǴԭ㸸Сϸǡ
֮ؼһȴα֪ٱ
յǰ֪ǵ̴˷Щԭʼô𣿡
ôˣ
ǺǡȸЦ´
һסС
ܻһ
˻һ
ôа
ʱܾ廰ˡ
ûŰ
ŰɣСܵݽ㿴۵˽ղءʱƥõġ
ƲŴ죬۴ЩһȣСǾӡ

ҡܾһЦĻѾƲˡ
ǺǡҲ񡣡
һ񣬡иõ
У
ȽӹͷѾ׼ˡ
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Ǹʲô˼֪϶ǿˡ
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ɺۻٲһأһأ
ɡЦȰһȥ
һͷֵǵıʹתƣ֮á
ãǾͿȥ
˵Żߡ


νĳλؾҲֻƥӡ
϶ڼ˭Ҳÿ

һ˽˲ܸԺûǣԶһ
ʲô
ֻȷʵǣô
׼ȷ˵ǿȫò
Զֻȣһӣͷǵ浵ء
ˣָǣһܣһ߻ͷȺͲ϶Уô
ܵǰŶ٣ֱӱ˴ֿڡ
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ɣҲҲ̫ôˣ
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ô
ʣȫ߸ȥ֪
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ĶԵоްԣһװˣԵ塣
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˵ɹҲһһ׶ĸ߶ȡһվĶҲֻܹϥǡ
ңӴעĶеĴʿ쳵֣νһ
Ըﲻݣǣǧ˰ٽһҲõˡ
ȻٶȺٶͳģʡ
ôһNɪװϡ֣
̫ˣ
ղŲ϶˵˵ĺͰһǾӣǺǣڿһȣ˵ˣǾ
񲻳ްȫףǧĳսϣǻһʲôЧ˴𺳣
ˡڳø֡
񣬡ǽĶ𣿡
ǡһЦԺܽĶˡ
ΪĶѾûˣ

ֱ֪ɥĲ˹Ķˡ
ֻͻȻҲǸոճ˹ĸϴףһƥû»£ȫ˻شˣŽճһƥ
ֵĴؽӪáȫţͨʱ½·Ҳһ

ʲôأúúһ롣
ǰһɸߵĴ˷ܣȻϣȴǽ
֮һ˿׷䣬૵Ҫ
ҲͲˡ
һǰɵøֳǸ󺺡
ǰҴӦŪõ
ǣȴ꣡



918 ǰ
ӲܸûֱӻػʹȻò׳һˣǾ͡
ðɣ˸Ѿûźˡ
һߴ·һ֣Ȼ濴˰졣
ϧŽգһˡ

ϧźӣȥ֮һֵһ̯ӾͶѹ˶ϡ
Ϊ˸õϻ鱨磬һԺѾ˴ΣԶߴɣ罻ΪսṩŸࡢϸȫ鱨֤
Ǹ𱬵СѾͷҲ֪⣬֪ʲôӡ

˴Ҳգվڴͷſ˳ӿŴζǵ
ãԳһЦ˺ܶƼʳ̡

ʮǰʱĵеһеĿ䣬
ǣ˭뵽ʮ侹ѹļϡ
޳治֪죬ֻôļ

Ȼ׷䲢ûһ˿˸УЩο
飬һ˰ɣɱ䣬ϣǸ򡭡ԽԽã
ȷʵĸı䣬ָı䲻ǮûǮһ˵ĳ徢
񣬰βĴΣƴöĴΡ
ᵽޣᵽŷްͣᵽɣֻҰοƵĳ֮أԽԽԽԽӮǿжǿ
ӣǵùҹĻӣĽݾӪ첻ľ򲻾µǡ
һǿ׳ʿҲʼʰǫʶ£ˣ¡
ΪζһԶĿ꣡

˵һ㣬ڱǿﵽıǿ
˵һ㣬ڻָڸˣ

ŰɣգȴǸͷǰ
ĴΡ£
ĴΡų棡


صȷֳһЩԺѾûʶˣһùֱֱﴳꡣ
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ԺİǽȻ֮ʱǰڴʣĩβͿţûó°ڡ
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ȥİڴʣʵôһ䣬Ц㹫򳡡ϰڣ°ڵĿͷ
Ҫǰȥ°ڣܶϲŹ֡

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Ѿ˱ĸС쵰۵׼ϾǺȲף


ϣƼСȣһͳĬһϹȵʱĸСҼ
ʲôǽһӦ
§ĸСˤţۿɸ;׿
ǲǽˣ

ȴ겻ˣСС
ô͹Ů˵𣡣
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ҪеӣСѾͷ
û취ֱȵ۵㣬ǿɰСôҲ
ⱲӣעǸߺӵļҳˡ

ĸɲ
˵㵱˸󳼣
ǲǺܴ󣿡

ûףʲôĸСһһҲû֮꣬ôֹǲǸˡ
˴𰸡
ǲ
ǲǾǿˣ

ǲǳȥ۸žͿˣ

ǲǳĺģһСˣ


ȳˣĶʲôʲô
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ôܽЩ
׿ҲһΣɹֲǣǺСӡ
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ôȥٴһǻ˵ã
ðѿǶˣ
Դ˾׿ȥˣԵͷԺһЩ
ɸ磬Ÿ̲бһۣԹǽãЩϵĸ߳ģ
ָͷݵʱ๫ʦ
صǸˣʦŷʦүӣ㷶ʦ
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ǰӾĸйȥһ磬̰ѺӶˣҲ˵
ʦر˼˵ˣʲôСʱƤˣҲѿ˸׳죬Ҳˣ


һ˵үģ鲻Ӱôȥٹ꣬Ĵ竡
ԣټһ裬竣ƼҰԲ
ŶŵˣŮӰ࣬ʰ


У
ԽĥԽζ۲ڹסˣЩϼһԶ㣡
ԺŲ죬Ͱᵽȥ
Ҫᣡɸ˦һ䡣
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ĽǴŪɺӿڵģȻҪɳ͢ĻǲҰôġ
ǡɸˡǼȻˣôһϢûУ
͵ĴȻˮǡǲɺӿڣתͷȥɣ
ҵ磬¶ɣ

ģұ֤
˵ţٴΰɸ籧ڻ§ȴЩãؿ⡣
ô˵Ȼûס

岿ɺӿڣɵֱӽӪȫûԴ˵ʧǲʹġ޴ġ
ǵΧʩȣܻи޷ܵʧ
ǣ۳ԶӰ죬ʵɲռˡ
ȣҮɺҲ벻岿һͷιĶǣһڵɺӿûռˣתͷͳôɼڽΧݵĻᣬ׼˴ɡ
һ·֣諡
ɱһƬǽ壬ͬȳ˸⡣
һɸܵУɺӿΪ磬೹ױ岿жˡ
ɵĶݵȵأҲǺĴɶ뵺һһӳ˷ɵأֻͨ
һܣҲܡ
Ϊ˼ݣҮɺòڲԱκȨסɶһϵ
أɺӿѾǷ棬ΪһճǺȫֹıóףܺʹڲԱƴʹγ׵Ķϵ

ǣʵڲţһĽŽߵķⲻԣ
̫ƽ



919 Ͼɱ
һʱ֮䣬ҲҲʲôõɰοɸ磬ֻǿżҮɺĽǶȳǾԲ岿ֵ֮ġ
ɸ̧ͷ𣿲ĻǺˡ
ġȿ϶ĵͷ
㿴һ岿֣֮ζŴڶʧȥһ֧㣬˽岿
ǿ֮ذҮɺٲңôӲ
˵ˣɿսϱҲ̫ƽεľѾݣǰǴ󶨡£ʧأǴɳԭϱ֮Ѿûпռˡ
ֻʣһҲͲԶˡ
һ⣬ɸ簲Ĳ٣ţҮɺ
ǣֻԼ֪ЩҲƭһƭɸ˼ңκһͶ˵ͨġ
˭֪ڹµĽ岿ûռĸǵսֻһĿġӶᣡ
ǲռģֻһƱߡ
֮£Үɺ¶


ڼλӺĸСħͷһ磬ȴһҲ
ɸڵʵҲ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽Үɺ竾ȻһӴˣЩȷʵнӲûȡԤ֮еЧ
ǣԽԽڴɵÿһҮɳ׷ŷɣԴ˵ʲô¡

Ҳ
سһ·ϣȷȥһֱŴǱߵ飬ͻȻһ˿
ҲⲻʲôѹأǸᡣ


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ҮɺˣΪ׼ѾԺʹһսȴû뵽꣬ѾԭĴˡ

֪ơ
ʱĴѾǿ֮ĩݾתů֮أҺʮƴȫûҲðʧƵķգһս
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گؾֻزֹͣԮϽĽŲɺТܳʹΣڳһ͵̬
ϳĲ𣬾ӮˣҺֻҪűһʲô¶ûС˳һ㣬ܰûѾ޶ȵʤˡ
أ
ˣʲôûˡ


ԴˣξŶʡ
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үһְQڿ°ͳ죬˿ǵɫඣ


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巵Ϊ֮һ࣬˽ãȻƷȵȥ֮󣬴ûϹôһôһأ
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иԽԽҪ͵
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ǣү֪ʲôƢС¿ģ˳ۡϼô˵ȥˡ
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ʵܼ򵥣˭һ֮󣬴ξɣԼˡ
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˵İգԲڽ˵Ƥ֮¡


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ΪʲôΪɳūأ
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ڲԭԲģԭꡣǣͬǾϴ񣬻кѧ͸ǳ˷ϰߺͺ룬ʵѾûˡ
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ǡأ

˲˵ˡ
ˣҰˣ֮ѣ
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롭˵ҲõҪǽԭǻʲô󣡣

һο˾⣬ʵ˵ûЩ˴ڵڲ棡
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ʵҲӦףеĵˣǿȷһţеĵˣԲܸһ˿һĻᣡ
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ǽ岿ֳ
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֮Է󻼣


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Үɺδ̫ˡ

Ϊʲôõ೷ˡ
Сûɲ٣ûܣȴҲģ


920 İƤ
ɢ˳岩Ϸͺͼֲԥҧλ๫һЩ顣
ӺһԶǲǡ
ǲЩǷװ
ɼǾٳͬ⣬Ψһ˷ԣ¶͸ˡȥǲȵһ
ԴˣֲЦһȻĴǣڵ֮ʱΪβԣ
һ仰Ͱ岩ƨŲ
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ã岩ڻڵϾǼҹ£๫ĪҪ֡
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ֲƣԼĵô걻岩ЩѹţһƣеԹԣҲ
ΪȵʦȴǲΪ岩ġ
ıǣӺƴѾܺˡ
岩һšüϸ룬˼ǡ
͵Ц˼ܣȻһ͸
õ͵Ŀ϶岩һȻѧޱл㣡
˵ŻҲȥ


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У¶Ͳ˼ҲмȥʲãӦˣ
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ӺƵ˼ǣĿӲ֪µλϻ

үĲҪ岩ˣǡ
Ӻʲôʱ˵ģôû˵أ
ۡүˡ
б۳żֲʦͽһԸҳҲҪ㱨ɣ
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ͽܣϷĶӣ


֮󣬴Է
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ͤа岩

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岩⼸̻̲ա
֪վǶˣȥҷͺͼֲҪʹǸУ߻
ǣҲ֮СʹȥȾܷŹ

ʱ˿̣ǰĹټҺȣҲһ
ǣ岩ͻȻȡˣٱ粵ʲô
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ȸһ㶼ȥݣ㣡
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ھģҪôեɴɣ


921 ԭ˼
һȻƣСۣôŶ⽻ȥʹͣѾעɳҪѪùˡ
ȳ׷ŷɵİƤ˼Ѫһ㣬ɾʮ㡣ڼ죬͵Ŀģ̸еĲ裬дɽ鱨ϸϸһ顣
ȵս˼룬ŴɣšܸɴϢ֮ǰûдϢʱ䣬òˡ
ԴˣİƤ˷ܡΪһŪڹ֮ϣ˳ʷĻǲࡣ


ʮ֮
岩챱ְ֮ʽڱʡְԺջʹТܣнʹﲧ

Ǻǣ˵𱱸ְԺʵԭڹְ
ְܵĿǣʡҪǽӴǢ̸ʹߣڻʳ֮ڲ󷽱㣬ռȵĵطռˣʡ
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С㡱ǴԪ״ԪڣҲǴεͶ꣬1055ꡣ
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ģȫ޽ڲٿԣȻǲŵҰˣ

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ТЩҲֻһŽݵƱ



922 ӳ
ТؿİƤıӰ֪ΪΣȻеڣϿѿǶ˵ġ
ǣİƤſϲŭТҲֲ嵽Щǽܣǲܽܡ
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ТܼˣĲˣҳֻܳݡ
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Ҳ֪ݺɺӿڣǶͷؼ⻹Ǳ߷
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ڣТҲŸ岩ˣĶ̸Ƿߣ೷ݡ


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棬岩ȻһЦ˵
Тܡȥء
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Т˵߾ߣ˭

֮Сƣʮ֮Ѿص󶨡
İƤһ˵ҮɺҲ˰죬÷Тܡ
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ТŰգǳױһ˺ѷεİ

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923 ָǶֺ
ТϡͿͱˡ
´ؿ⣬岩˰Ż



ȼİƤֱ죬ЦûˣȥεȴҪܹˡ
ǵ٩ȴȫ޼ıҮɺ𴩶յĵǡ
岩Ҳǵֹˮһ㶼ģ岩ֻӺڿϷˡ
ûȼǸɴࡣǿ䣡
֣ξҪ๫ܹ⡣

׷ǰŪЩԺ
ԽǰѾ֮ͬ޴ǰСġɵǶ˼׽廰޲ףǲҪƺȨ𣿡
ΪμıҮɺ𴩣İȴȫȻǣأ
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ûȿ϶ͷ֮ʣ¾ãТʲôӦʲô𣿡

ͷ˼ҡͷƺûС
ЦǺǵػص˱๫ϷˣʵǺְܳġ
ûжԴκγŵûдӦκҪ󡣡
˽ûƱ֪ɵۣԼԻˡ
Գӵı׼ТǺϸġ
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˵ܴ裬ʹɱ߾˱ջôĬĬأ
ҮɺɱТܣΪТʲôΪôǸλãɵȺͰҪҲúТܣܺʵۡ

ǡﻹʡǣȫԲӦǵҪ󰡣
ȻѾ֪ʵҲֺαΪƣпأ
˵꣬Լе㲻˼ʵ̫ˡ
ִٵźԣǲ̫ˣǰļ򵥣
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е㲻ʱˣܰοҲܽѵ
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Ƽ򵥵ּۻۣԭ滹ôŵ֪ҪѧĶкܶࡣ


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岩Ȼֵ֪һôˣһףҪ裬Զ㣬ΪʲôȻһѪ
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924 
ﲧ׵˹֮УԴˣûиκɡ
ȻҲû֪ɡ
ֻھǵĺ·ԣҲֻôһɡ
ﲧ׵ڴΣΪӵڹ˹ҲͶ˽͵ˣô֮䣬ûкƽĿܡ
ЩԲģɵĳȴԳ׶ˡ


³Ү뾩
ȻԼδǩǣѶȴûΧݵıҪ
ҺҲûΧȥˣΧҮɺúʹƴˡΪݵʮɾѾˣ쿪ʼ˳ˡ
ҮɺֱξѾ˹űϣҲûТܴǶʮԮξ
֪ôǶʮξڸ齨Ӫڵط
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ˣȥһʮֺ棬עһĵط
ڰϿŹٴԶȥȴڷô˲ð
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ΪˣѹɽԲʮﻮΪ˾½Էй
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Ӹѡζľ׳ӪζȲɵӪһＯΡ
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925 ù
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㿴ź塣ʲô
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ʲôʲôҪӵûУΪְһȥ




926 ı
ǴɥڵһΪȵֺʡ
ȻԼڲ˵лǲУֺѾǳģʵ߸

һ죬׼ٹپϡ
Ϊ󳼣Ȼվڿǰλã֮
˵ʵȵ˼ûٱͷ°Щ֮ϣһƮ

ȻѾǵһˣô˵ҲǸ⳼޵Ǵûȥġ
ȻҲûʲôÿģи˵һֱȵĺġ
˵̫һı޵֮Уɱλʵ۷Ϊ
һԻﲻụ̈ݷı棬ֹڴ;в¾಻֧
Իɱʿˡ
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Уǲдľ䣿
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Ȳҵ̫󣬻кηԸ
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ٹֱҰ죬ĵٵݶҲû˭ˣСʵԸһ̫룬޳ҡ
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Էƫǰѵص˺޹
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ʱڸоһ˿ԡ
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һʺţֻ̫һкӦһϴࡣ
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￩һ
ʮ꣬ר˼ػ̫֮Ѿһͨɨϴ̫ĳ̶ȡ
ѵ
ʶɨŴ滹ʲôܣ


һߣ̫ûɻ̫ãܹǮϴ࣬ʹǰȡһԿ׽ǮϴС
ʹˣ
̫Ϊū֡
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ԼԼɼһ˿ţݡ
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ǣǿƳͷʯϵдЩʲôȴֻƿ֪ˡ
Ӻƣټҽȥɣ̫ȴ֮˻
ãȻһɡң
ԣ㣡
̫ȻЦȵ۵һհı

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֮лƳʯ¶һ˿Цˣ̫ıȣȻʲôĵأ
һԵĲ̫ȼԴ˼뵽аݣȵۡǰӺƵһ㿴ġ
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һãȻȷؿ˿Ǯ٣ְĿⶨĸϡ
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Ȳҹ۱ǿȴΪ롣
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ǣһհѵҪŵĻʵۣʲôţΪʲô¡
Ȳ۱סԼڹأͬʱҲάľ
ܲмأ
̫һлӺˣ
ûػҪû뵽̫һ㣬ˡ
ߴȥɣ˺óԷһء
죬һĲˣǺðɡ
˵꣬Իѵһ֣յȶߣû¶޿ˣ
𣡣һ۾Լɡ
Ʋһң²۵Ǿһֵɽ󡣡
㿴ŰɣΪ鱮ǽ

ʱһ죬Ҳˡ
ۡ
˵𲻿㲻ʿ͸ǽˣӾͳˡ
ŭǻʵۣУϽģ
ðɡ
ίĥĥؽҡĸȣȴǮϴѾҰŸˡ
޷ؿʯҪƻƳе㲻ңԥƿˡ
һƣʱ֮룺
ǲ̵֪ʲô
Ǳ
һƣﲻụ̈ݷı棬ֹڴ;в¾಻֧
һƣɱʿˡ
һƣߣ֮
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С˵ǰЩ꾭ʱЩ๫÷Բ£Ϊ
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ﶼʼס²ۣ̫ͲܶԼ˺һЩʲôİ
ף
ع˼¿ȴǱľķһס
ضűĿ˰죬ɵһֽУ
򡭡



927 Ĭ
治֪дʲô𣿡
һԹ·һõȴ÷ĺӣĹǺ
أ
ҲеˣԴ⵹ùӴҳȥôһ䣬ŪԴˡ
ӣ롢֪
ﳤ̾һϧˣ
ȵʱ̲סĳһ䣺ϧʲô
ôӣһȥȥǡ
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ϧ˸ʵһƬ£
Űһüͷаȵ۵һƬġѵı֮д治䣿

ˣһ⣬ôı֮Զû⿪ź
¾ģҪٶ˵һ䣬ƤʵдЩʲô
ǣĳ룬ﲻˡ
ˡȻһ̾Ȼ֪޾ֻ֮ܳڸˡ
ȲˣôǾ
û취ˡˣСһͷˡ
٣ùӣ˭ѧģôأ
֡
ԺԶ㣡


ĵûضֱĻӹ׼СӳһԹ
̫صҲǺһ·Ĳ̫Ȼʣ
ȻӺҪȫµľǺΪҪڣ
֮в𱸣ﻹ̫СЩΪˡ
Ƚȥˣ·ıʣǴаٺһ
һߵﻹɣظ̫һҾ֪ˣոʵһʱûܰѳ񣬲źڵġ
һ̾Ҳ𱸡ҺӺʶô壬λҪıˡ
Ŷ
Եͷ죬ھͺܱ
Ͳʲô֮ˣССȨȳҪѧѧǣнԼÿͳ͸
ίֻû뵽ʻһ
ţ̫һ񣬡˵ʲô
ı̫µģôȵۣ
㸸ʣ
ѽ̧йıѵһУһ¿ȥġȻǸ

̫ȻĻͨ͸εȴҪȵı֮ټһ
ã̫оִ٣㡭
㸸֮ɷĸ󣿣
֮Щ֣Խıֻ֮ʵһ˿ɹ֪ۡһ̫ûʸ񣬸Ӧдһʡ
û뵽ԣʱǰһ˷бˡ
ҿˣŷĵĴյ̫ߡ
飺ƼƲǹȨˡ
˻̫һ˴ľ
ˡףǾȰĳںδˡ
۱ȵѾԼѵ֮ϡ
𾪵ͬʱ̫ЩʣܼǿԪѫ峯ȴҲûõ١
ȲԼԹ׶Ҫͬˣ
ȵ۶ȵĳ谮Ѿ伫ĵز𣿣

֪Ѿ˳谮ķ롣
ϻʵǺòץһǧ˵ʲôҲեɲС


һߣȳ嵽ܺһǳԺԶ㣬ƼСԶ㣬㡭
ҲǹҵҲˡ
ҲȥҲȥҪȻʲôã
㣡
ĲУĥøܺҵ¶ˣȻôεȥˡ
¸ӴҲؾˣ㲻һֱѧɰֵ㣬㡣
û˵꣬Ѿˡ
ģ˷ܣʱһʦģһĶҲȥˣڹаĵȺӴؾ
СӣЦһѧԣӺһ
ǸҪǣӴѧͬʱҪѧˣëë֪衣
ס
͵ͷô˵ȴ²ۣǸ˭ѧģǽ㣿
ȷʵã軹ʵˡ
ݵʱѧˣ˿ڣǻúúñ֣ʡڣ


³Ļ
岩Щһɸսʧɺӿؽ֮ʣܹǧᡣ֮ڣëޡţ󻹵֡
ϳңȥݡɺǰʡ
òȫߣɴ֧뺣豨͢
⣬岩ôʹ˸ҮϵҮԪ֮ʱǩµĹ黹ʮݵĽ
˲֪ûǣδ֮ʧʲôǧƺȨøĺ
ԴˣҮǷҮɺ֮ģҲûݲǩԽԽˡ

ǣȿѾⶨЧЭӵĳĬ˺ܾá
ջǶ岩ųȥҮʹڼ䣬ܴլ

İƤһʱ֮ûףǼ˼
⡭Ǻ⣿
ҪҮûҪңⱾûӰ¶Ү˵լˣڴЦûš
²װɣİƤʡ
ҮɺֻҪԼŲ֪Ǽ٣ʱǵøСо
֮ȻһЦġ
һ᲻˳ˮأ

岩һҮɺ֮治ġ
ֻȽǴε֪̽̽ڴԮϣТܺҮڹ˵ĺôҮɺô᲻֪أ
֮ǰɱТܣм޻ŵ۱ɫǸģҮɺйߡ
ԣʹΣɵҮǩԼζţҲҮ»Ȫ
ֻ͸˳ˮˡ

岩Ϳˣ˵ǸûҪҮɺȥɣ
д˼࣬Ǵ֮õģӦΪλҪ˼Ż
һĬ
Ĭ
ԣĬ
ЦİƤ˴ע֮սݣвأ֮
ǣϸ룬亦
⡭
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ݡݻдδرգʹݴһ࣬η߾䱤ڶ̵̽Ų鶼ûϿ١
ǱߣɾͷһˣڶͳŴ¡ˡ
Ӻ˵һĬ
ԣȵͷһĬ
һó裬εʧȴһĸ󡣡
ˣҮɺѾʶ֮ƶ֮ףȴΪôŬܲɷˡ
ҪɵƤëӱ·֮ڵë֯Ҫɵţʳḻ͡
ҲҪε˿衣
ӣ𽥷֮γɵıȻıĹϵ󡣡
ǻ˵һóʧĻǴΡҮɺûĬҲһ顣
ǻһǡ
岩ˣһ̾Ӻȫ
䡢ó֮أҵīǲӺʶ֮
ҡͷޡ
ʱͬˣ̵ԽԽݺӣҲԽԽСܶණԼǲġ
±˲ȥĥ಻ܲĥ
Ϊ
࣡
һضҪȫ©
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岩֪ϵĵжء
һ࣬Ūڹ֮ϣ˹ǿҪǿҪϤһУ֪¡
岩ˡ
𣬲У

ȵͷ򣬡ӶĽʿˣͷݹĺΪǡ
岩ɫһڣС쵰ô˵أ
ôţʡͶǻӣ
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928 ˰ؾ
Ķ磬δԵ壬Ǹ֡

ԭҲܼ򵥣Ӷʿؾûڳפ㣬ǲԼͬĺƤܻԺԲȡ
ãתգѡԺĹԱҪѧᶼţʦзʦҲ鷳Ƕס˽
˵ҲΪʦߣ˭Ϊ٣ңЩӻ˼ӡ
˰Щӣ;˳Ҳֻʱһɳ˳ɼڻصԺͺϲ죬ϵ°ͳ죬ţĲС
ְж׹ٶ֪үĺܣ߬ŰʮŴͳڸǺޣֺðͽᡣ
û취˷ͬСɣȴҲǶμ⣬˭õǼԼһŷүŷү
Դˣ͵⣬ȴ˭ҲûӦ
Ϊү֪ʿȥаţʦȴûҵġ
ֵ磬ɴ෶ͶԹھ߽ԻԺڡ
¿ɺãӶĻ˻룬꣬ҲǷʵһ죬һֱӰ꣬Ҳǽ¿ƽʿһˣ۹ͬؼѽڡ


Ӵ
һ࣬˭ҲҲָصıӣһĲߡ
˱⣬˵ͱɵ̲ͷȥ
Ҫ˵λؾֿȵľءСʵҫۣȷʵ˭ҲȲˡ
˵ʡ๫ѾҪصʡְҷųȥ־֣ƸΣ๫֮ˡ
صĿɲֹʡļ๫Ķ๫̲ɶ
̲Ӳµطɵ˳ֵľȻҪ̲չҪô˵Ҫͷأ
ͷеţпܵȥҲ̲ˡ
ӺĵϷȴһ˿ãЦ٣ͷôˣӻͰͷأ
̲Ѿ˽̸ˣȥ̲־С
˵ûİƤĺãǣһԿڶɷ֮ȷ̲Ѿŵ꣬أҲˣؾټ̲׹١
ô˵Ǩ֮;ʡ
Ҫ֪ʡ붫ƽǴ๫ƼָðͷСٶ׳ʡ
ǺĺڳƤҵĻֶӦ÷ȥ๫

û˵ʲôοˣ۾һҵզˣ
ҵҲ⽮ǰһҲ
úúã˰ɣ
˳ΪӹĻ˵λүѾˣҾ֮ѣΪֵܣ˶֪Щࡣ
ˡӹͷ˵Ҫ
šοͷϸ¾͸ˣȴ֪Ҫһ¡
ο֮ǰ̵ģʱûǨĿռ䣬ϵĻȴǲ١
˶磬ҪȥݣϺݴ´ݣȻʼµ̡

Ǿ͡˾롣Ǿһ·˳磡
һ·˳磡


ǹһŵġ
дԱҪ˵ĺŶѾߵˣڵҲͣڸողŰƽˡ
ƴڵȻҲǱ¶ҪˡԺҪֱļһ
УΪ֮һ࣬˲ɵöվ
ȹһ֣أ겻Сϱأѧˣ
һͣЦ
ȻƷѾǸسǻǸƷӣһû䡣
Ҿ˵ɣŴšСƽۿģ
дǷҪٶţһûþã˵ʶš

ǣã⵹ǷҪΧŹҪٵˡ
һۣͷٸˣ
λ뷶ʦʦλӣ˽룬컷ӡ
ˣԷһ룡
˵գһǺ
˿ˣɵڹѧ֮ʱĵεΣͷһȣپȣʦ
˶ҪûǰӣǵĽ죿
ɽХġ

ȷ¾룬Ŵ
ֵ֮ǼȻҪͲˡ
ٺһЦ
ôذɣ
ŶԺøʲôذɣ
˴Цȴû˷ϡ
ֻȵ겻飬ȶԲ
ǣˣȴҪԲˣ
һ࣬ƽȴǵȵġ

ҲˣͬӶľһٶš
ȣ⣬ǡ
û˵꣬ȿ˿ڣӺԣΪߣ죬ۺְ񣬽ǱЧ
ҵȣԹԣ
Ļôͷʵⲻ˵Ҳ׼
֮±Ѳ⣬οٶͬʱؾô㵽

Ȼȭȣڴˡлˣ
⣬ѵá
ҲϻˣѾźˡ
սᣬм˵ȥãҪԼС
ƽ
أƽ

Ӻû뵽һ͵

ȥʡǣ
𰡣ڳһˣôƷⲻǱɣ
Ѿͼү˵ˣֱӽáµǲϵϼôҲ
жòܵսûõıȥİƤ죬а
Цŵ¶Ҳ࣬һȥ͵ĵطɣ
ȱǸһ̯֣ϼҪ֪ģҲȷʵǸӣǡ
Ŀݴ֮ﻹδ˳衭
ȥȴƽͻأ
ٺһЦӴ򽻵⣡
ʵƽû˵ƽ̨ɽİġ
ǣֵܣ֪򲻵ѣǲôŵġ

ƽһ̬Ȱмȴ޲Ūӡ
СӾô軵ⲻǼ²
ȣҲ֪ƷοѴˡ
Уһҧȥȥ

ȴϲȭллֵܡ
תͷֿٺһ֣հƣ²߰
մӵһۣл˵ƨţ
ҪĶȥ
հȻˣӶ״Ԫɻصǣֵһ۲ŷ֣ôƽӹ
˼ҶһãµĻһ
Щ꣬˼ææ椶ˣǸܵ޶Ȳˣ״Ԫɰβˡ
ȻҲȥ˱˵Ȼӣ֪ꡭˡ
ܸ𣿽֮հû
ȵˣմҲˣ¿ˮ̣ȥȥĶ
ǺǡЦˡ
һ֪մˡ
ԭʷϵҲǵٶϣοഺ٣ɶɷͣ
㣬أټһº⣬عν̣ɺã
ۣ
ˣˣˡ
û˰ôΪɶֻȥʡհ־ܽ󰡣

Ҫ˵ֿȣȻǶĿ󰡣
ôǸٵĽѧĵطĹݵ죬ʲôɫ
ӶЩˣȻ˶󣬵ȴûһΪǽġ

û뵽հײ˴ˣôͽˣ
Ҳ˰죬ŷӦۣ
һءع
ԣȵͷعͣ
ٶôˮƽǳһģõͣɣ¡
մӰѾڲ֮ϣ˵ʱյܳԽԭأ

عν٣ءºȻû
ְĿ⿴ޣζһЦȥĶ
￩һҡ
ҡ
ҡ죬ûҡһ
˵㲻ҪҺһʺſڶɣ
ȴûͷûԵ˷ʣʶѾˣƸΣĹѧʿбޡ
ôĽ𣿡
޸Ȼ
бûʲôʵǸʥּġǣһĹݵĹְǾͲһˡ
ĹݣҲ׳ƵĺԺԤݸ
Ҫѷ統
ȻЦ˵ĽȴǼˣȻ
ʦ޲ܲӣﶼһ
ŰգЦˡ
ش𣬱մӲ֪ǿٱ
Ҫô˵ܵܵ࣬մȴȥأ
ٶŪޣģһ㲻ȶ
עޣúøɣ
ޣ
ֱ꣬Ӵһ̵дôǲǿ϶յˣôôã
عνҲˣϾմӵˮƽеġ
ǣСաע
ط˰ɣҲԤ๫ְλұĹݻôס
ʵߵ˰һǸʮһСʵۣǽĸ鴦˵ã
ң޲Ŷ󣿲Ŷʮɣ
⡭
Ҳ̫Ŀŵ޼ɵɥĲ˰ɣ
ôһǿСãҪôȪߺˡ

ʵ治ǡ
Ϊףȣв̫󣬰ֲ͡ΪߵĽһһġ
һദ
֮ŷ֮˵ʲôʱ뾩ˣʱʱ̵߽
һͲ̫࣬ദģȲ֮ʱ̵ܽһ»ʡ
Ҫǹ˼ά³ѡֻ
һ缸ǴպСա
֮УʵģСա
缸ȻСջСܺӺմһѧһĲ
ڱȻСͷϡ
֪޽Ҳ֮ţڵʵߣǰ˰ɣ

Ҳ̫ˣϾᣬĲʲô¡
һʣҲȥҲǿ󡣡

һ˵ľʵԡŶʮģҲδô͵ʵߣ治ʲô¡
ǣĻᣬ˭Ĵ
ԡ
šȵͷô˵Ҳͷˡ

ȰĿ⿴أеĲ̡
Ӵ

һ¶ذ
Ҳ˶䣬Ӵڿǿȵ÷̵ıǺҪ鱦ŵĶȥ
ˡ
ôˣȶ˼˵
ͷġ
𣡡Ŷï}Ļš
ھ˵ҿɵȲ𣡡



929 һΪ
ʲôȥ
ƼС¥֮УһûԺˣƷĸСţڵȴһıء
ļһ
ôһ
ص۾оԽԽáһô꣬˭֪˭Խô£Խ˵Ŀ϶ʲôû
㵹˵˵ôһ
ǡЦһǴС佫ѳֻ֣սʱԱ
ãһۣŻһ˵˲ļ
ǡضˡгǰɣ
Ӵ㲻ãȥ̲ʮ꣬Ҳܱһ๫ˡ
ɵãôӺأֱӻ쵽ɱѶȥˡ
ǲƲ𵱱ģʵǴĵλǶš˰
Ϊʲô
Ҳƶˣ˵㲻СɫģѺõط˴Сգʣû˴ƿӾӸֵܼɣ
Դʵʵ˵Ҫ㡣
٣زˡ϶Ӻû꣡
תͷһ룬ֲԣû˵ʵ
ʣΪʲôǵøӪôġ
¶Ҫʲôã
˵ˣּ͢¼ȨնࡣѾչֳ̬ͬ˵͢ʼˣڷȨˡ
ڹ۶ϣ㻹ҪӪɼⲻìܣԼԼ𣿡

֮ʣصһ
ʣ㲻ֱֻҪˣȾܰȳ
ΪбҪ
һأּ⣬˵ǷȨ˵ǶԵҺ˵θЩ
Ȼһܶ࣬͢Էġ
ǡ
۾һգգؿأһ⿿Ψ֮շ;Ҫģ֮ƶȣ⣡
Ե˼άǲġ
ʹ޶ȵȣǿı֮ϣǼˡƲǹȨۡ
Ⲣ˵ȣ˵Ԥһ죬ȻḻɵйȨڳҰһԵԤ޿ɺǡ
һ͢εּ࣬նࡣǣҲֻǡ¼Ȩ
֮ΪȫȻǻƵġ
ƶΣõȵְڡ
Դˣһ˵ģȻе
ǣְ֮֮
ò̵ȥ佫в֪Լʲôָֻš
˵ΰ⼸δܣ治˲ܴ򣬾ô¡
ҵôģǼȣ
ӺôܵģΪܱļ̫ڻʵ۱ˣϹָһͨŰþȫ͡
УԨ֮ôǩģ
ҪԼּˣɾȵسȥ˵Ǹʱƾ͹ˡ
˵治ʲôöƲۡ
Ժ֮ʱȻҲıս󣬿ǣԼЩǸӡñ֮ץץɽ˻Уʹ
ҡ
ضˣ⻹һ¶ļ
ƴƴ۳žҪðͷˣҷ䵽ɺӿȥ
Ӵ˵
ȡĳġĿʼơ
С¡ļúˣһս
ŶšüͷһĲš
ѱι˲ܴǰɣȷʵս֮
ǺǡȸЦ㻹ţλãҪ
ָͷ
ȣȥ̸֮
ǳãʿټң֮ӵŦ
ξڵ֪ģܽ͢ȴܱ±Ϊ䣬Ϊҽ
ְǰѳ͢ʿ򣬻йټҵָʾ˼뼰ʱĴݸײʿó͢õƿؾӡ
ΣŴξĵĿʼְԽԽϸԽԽܣȻ޷㵽
һ֮У˧⣬ڡ
˵ˣ񵱵˾ְӪӸߵս

ãôһ˵ظģҳɵˡ
𣿡
У
ȼߣְ֮㣬нУʲôʲôк˼ǣԿɾ֪ʿԱ
Ҫ֪ʿߵͣս֮ذ
˵ŻһЦһϣôƣ
Ӵվڽ̨Ͻ䣬ǵµı໽У
ߡ
лͣȴǺһб۵ȣҿȥʣӻƣ
Ҳ԰
һľᣬԹʳ֮»Ҿ֮¡ҲãҲգֻȨ죬бҪһ߶ӡڶ߶¶𣿡
룬һ̯֣ɵһء
¡Ӷ𣿡
ðɣذ
ӹ񣬶Ȩƿ֮£ûӶࡣ
οεе⣬ȻȨԱƿظ


صͷ˼Ⱦ֪Сסˣˡ
ؿͷͲԡ
ҪǺʽ飬ƣٰЩǰ;ڳȻ治˼ȥӣϾıҲȥ
Ҫ֪Ӵԭʷ֮Ҳһ彫ڴѾ͸˵£ܴǧĴţˡֶеˡ
ǣҲҪӣҪ飬ǳʲôҪԣǾ͡

˵ʵҲڸǣԼƶȡңͺһԱȾͷ֣Ǵεļƶ⣬Ǽְ⡣
˵ˣεļڲԼλá
ģҪָǹԾָԱίְ֮
һִĹңҪָǹģʵҲίְֻ֮˸ֶѡ
׹˼ҽСҽ˵ˣ˼ְܡ
κʱκ壬ӶԾӵƿˡԣ֮۷ĳĴԲࡣ
˵Σǵ˻شսȥǸھһʿʱ̺ȨһµĽɫҲֵߵߵ֮á

ѧԺԺڽı˼άѼҽɻȨ֮
ھְίڱĲ߸˼롣
ȾĴũѲþеһ̣νҪ
ΪʲôӪ
ڷʣӪҪ˰ɣ
ֻӪ˲Żܡ
Ϊʲôң׳ǡ
һ˼ʹ㣬ҲһһͨĹ١
ͨұǹȥҲܷġ
ڶҪҷģҲҪʿϿɡ𲻵䶯ЧӦƹѡ
ҪҪģϿɵ˲Сֻ˵еŻС׳ɹ
ġ
ˣôģֻؾȥˡ
רΪİɣ
ָǹȥģáģöúӪϤ
ôأûˣ
һ⡣
ʣ
Ҫ𣿡
Ҫ
ӺҪڹҪ
ڹ
ҽˣվС
ּһ£Ҿͱɺӣ
Ҳվֻ꣡Ҫֻ꣡Ҫ¸һɣӴշף
һЦȤӺ仰ؾͷˣ
̾˿Զе¸˼ҵһﰡ
ͷȣʱ򣬼ʹؾҲҴ
Уصͷ
һΪ



930 Ѱ
ӵܱĿںţѾȥˣ¶ԡˡӡĹۡ
ǣָĹҲֻӪһ֧ʤ꣬дԻ͵Ĳӣκһ֪˶Ӧء
ǣ˵ΰ֮мӪأм֧ӪĻսأ
͹۵˵Ӫܸıһڴεĵλȴ޷ʵְ֮Ťת
ԣѪֻӣҪѡӵܱѴĸ׹᳹ȥҪƶȡ
أƶȵĵһˣ
Ե㣬˺֮һҲͨʿҾ˼롣
ȸͨѰǶԾ˵ʶѾ˶԰յ໥ݡѪĴۣȫȫյĲʹʵͨ˴ˡ
سɹˣӪˮһҡĴΧ˾ͬ乲ˡ
ôصĹκһĸ﷽롣


ȻˣƫأϵӵûȵԶûı״
ԣź÷ϵǱӵɺӿڣȥ;һϢһʱȻ󲨡
ûôģһҲ֪Ĺŵȳӵ۵Ķۡ
ûأ͸Ƶģͺͼֲãеˡ
Ӻƣ
ϼصǴеһԱҹأҪ
ڲҲˣôֱӷɿںȥˣүô⣿
㲻Ϲ㣬ӴʲôʹϷûġ
ǡүŤøȨɣ
ţʲôģ㻹ȥ
ү˵ģڳǵձ뷨
ھʹְĹٿǺ¶ǰѼƶȳ̬
ǣʹȴȼȨС̫࣬һ㣬ǲŷ
Դˣе˵ڸıеǰȵ
־ţⲻû¶ϹŪһͨ
ͶһƻУص̸
Ƚ˰죬үͣˡ
ڻϼֵ֣ýһ飬Ҳô˹ˡ
ϼ֣˵岩ˣƽҲвţ컹жȡ
ˣһˡ
Ը˰Ѷ๫̨ɵԹ٣˹׼͵͵
ҪǡһΡ

˶ˣҲĥߴֱ⣬ȴûͷûԵһ䡣
׻ȣΪηΣ



֪Ⱥ«ʲôҩ
Сӵʵ̫ϡ
үüëһӺƣ˵ص⣬𶫳
ȻشңȲɣһĲͷ
үһƣǻʵۺڳڣšȵˡǩĴڣֲ̫ȵӡ
ֻôΣĸΪ𣡡
ãȽкá
ʮ꺢Ӷܴϵ⣬үشúˮƽ
Σǹ澳Ϊ;޺УűƵҪţ
ʷɿʱ滷ӣǵԶѷڽʹʲôҪĸϵܳΪȻ
֮ʱνҲ
ϼֻǲͷһղסˣֻ
ַ£й
ԣָүһı
ʱƣũҵȡԣǻĸȫãѾأ
ĸϵ屻Ϊǿ׳˵ȡ
ĳεѾ޷ǶأţȨŲϵ̲ʳȻȻĸγɡ
ǰⲽӷַ£˷Ϊ򡢹䡢ʿŵȣ׼Ρ
һֱ֮ǰʿʿߣҲֵֻط֯õʿȨǴ䡣µģȼɭϣĪԽ
̧ۿˣ԰ɣ
һôϿΣ
űӴԣ
١ȼЦԾС
أ
ȸɴҲǺηˣֱԴ
Ϊζ
ȼɭǵĻ
˾ǿϿûͨźǾ䡮ֺ
֮䣬ʶһ㣬Щʶ֮ʿͨ
ɭϣȴһֱڳŷſռ䣬ײìܡ
ӾТƷһֱ𳯶Ŭ
ȿˣ
λǱʷ壬治˵Ҳ֪˰ɣ
ϱϮԣȴɾŷ̤ԭĲʹʹþ֮Ҳ˳Եһ֣
ԣʱſƾ٣ƽҲλʶ֮ʿǨ֮
ʢһӶƣٵҹ
ⶼǳԣ
ĩ֮ң̫ʹ˼ʹļ֮֮ߡ
䣬Σ

һȻֱⷬڲһЩӱ벻ͬǴǳ֮ԡ
ǣһʱ֮䣬ŪףȵҪ˵ʲô
ȴɵĳ̲סʣ㡭
Ŷ֪ϲԣһͷ
ư䣬Ҫ˵ʲô
ȴ˵ԡ֣
ǧһֱڳԣһֱͼҵһʺϵ£ЧʵķƬأ
ǣҲˣʱڱ䣬Ҳڱ䣡
ǲͣڱ䡣
һ֮Ǻãһʲôʱͳ˻ڣīسɹΪ
ң̫Ǵ󵨳ԣΰ޳ңһ֮в
ɣѾ¶࣬Ϊβƶأ

˵ͷ˵ˡ
ȵĻθҲġ
ƶȷʵܴ˲ȴҪָֻţ˭֪Ǹ
ǸЦ
ǣʵһ¶
ѹǴͳҲǹԣȻƵģѼ֮£
ôĹǼȶˣֲİ

ȿˣ˼֪ͨʲôԼ
ʵõģʹ뽫ƽ֮¡
үԣҡͷʱ£ս̸ʲôƽ
ȣڣ֮£
˵ͨ
ֻȵ£
Ϊһ֮֡
үսΪȣս£
ǡЦˡүҪƿؾӣҪսлȨأ

ϼҭһʱ֮Զԡ
ȳƵ͢ĿҪһģһƿء
ǣƿؿɲʲôָֻţҹһͨ
ֻҪ֤ңģǷȨкʧ
ӻǴεľӣĳһľӣ㹻ˣ


ͷĥ
Ҳԣ
үᣬŤǣΪʲôӴأұ˲У
ֻһ̯֣ү˵˭ȥɣ
˵ǶģϿɵ˰ɣ
˻вǵ˰ɣ
һɲЧ߸ɴˣǾ͹һ䡢µģ԰ɣ
òһͦƨĵĺãȻɵӶ֪£ǰͷϣҲû˷ԡ
ߡȼơ˻ѹס񣬷ӪǹҰ˭εס
ԣǱƽͷӪǰ˰ҲӴͬ˵ס
٣ϼӴƽϻĵǿ졣
үʵѾ˵ˣлͣô˵Ӵˣ

ĳ룬ﻰ䣬ͻأү
ȻӴʤΣ
˻ͷһүķ̧ͷͦصĽˡ
ҲûˣүвмԴԴ
ǰϷֱ
ظ
Ӵȥֺηˣƴƣ
ɣǡ
Ѿڸſڶ˺ŵܵǰأ
˶٣ּԣ
ԲҪģǴγߵ죬ҪԶˣǻʲôǰ;
٣
ˣôϣǽأʼͬϿأ
һ۶ûԵϡ
˵ڲ١
ڲٰʦ
죬ѸոնȺ˵Ļԭԭͷү߶һ顣
үı֡
үأ
ڵãһ죬ͻѧãʼˡˡ

Ҳóˣʦǹġ
˼ôһ֣ԭҲ̨׶µȴǲ̨׶ˣֱҵˡ
ǻ÷үû취˭ţأ
ңͬҲͬ⣬ûүѾϸ

ЦʦʱıһϷԣ
ϲ㿴Ҳ˳ۣɲҵӡ
Ц̾һмüͷ
֪ĳϣŸĸ룬żȻԽԽࡣ
ܶණֽܲˣԼҲû⡣
Ҫһһεĸı䣬ҪһһĽͣһСһС͸
ΣóԽʱ˼άΡ
Ĳף



931 ۽
û뾩ԶɺӿڣʹǺְܣηЧãǼ˵˵µġ
Ҳһ˵ǡίίҪʲôȷÿһϸȴҲһ֪⣬Ҫһͬĥо
ȳӪݾΪ飬Ծ֮˽࣬Ҳ֮⺺
˼ʯͷӣΪԺԺʹ»ʯ
ԣӴɺӿںʱѾ֮ˡ

ڴڼ䣬ؼÿ춼һͬоϴεʵŪһʹ³̡
Ȼ£͢Ҳûš
һУƺѴٴθ漱ˮ֮ף֮ӶǴй֮
ǣͬǣȥƺˮ깤˴δѴüеκӳЧ
³ݺϱʦƺ¶ݣһ֡
Ѷһٳܡ
Ҫ֪ǿǱȼӶĺˮǽȴӶȻ෴
۹Աǰգ·һ㻶ϲء
һΣǴһڻ֮ȡʤ
ҸݺӼƲ⣬ڻƺӴ̵ι̣ʮһĴѴв
Ҳ˵ƺİڿԲùˮֵˡ
ԴˣҲ⡣
ڵĻƺȻﲻǰ㡰˳ǣܱʮ꣬ʮİѾ˲ˣ͢ҲáҰοˡ
ǣӰ˼ΣȺˮһͶḶ́ûһ֮˵
˻Ϊܷ֮ʱѾκӵһ깤ˡ
͢ҪӣҪררÿ˰֮гﲦκӿԱʱ֮衣

ԴˣȻʲôȵġҲǳһģǵͷǣһ˷ԡ
ǳͷˡ
ȳʼǧҪȥ޺ӣʱ˻еۡǣֻһΣ׾ԲⱾ
Ȳ˵ƺϢƣԱ˵Ӱж󣬵һѴ˶ֻ
ĴˮǷ꣬˰ǲݵġ
ֻ֡ƽҡЩͲ֪ʡ˶ǮҪϸݸؽ԰ĺķѣǾ͸޷ˡ
Σ͢Ҵ󷽵ĺܣɷٰͼֲ⣬˾ķѱΪÿ겦֮ںӵάκӴ
ڶ£ȵ顣
ν飬ǰݴӿ˵꣬ڰʮ壬ȵ֮ʱꡣ
Ǿٳ£ǹۣ䡢ףҪͬУȵһ̣ȻҪǰ
ԣ³ʦͼֲЩ๫һͬ뾩ȥˡ
ҲΪˣȴһ£һıʱĴ£

˵뾩֮ʱص·Щ๫ϾѾϣﺽٳʲôӡ
һ۳Ͷٲ˻Ӻƾǧˡ

ˣһ·ߵȷʵ죬ںа˳棬ЪϢ
뺣֮󣬸ǹֻ֣غˮ˿֮Уз˾ͣȺ졣
ԣȸݵʱѾˡ

ô֪һξ壬ݾǰ
๫ڲдסˣվڼװ֮ϣ뿴׷ݵǸʲô
ǣȻ׼Ǳˡ
Ϊ
Ϊһḷ́ĹٴȻһ绹û˺塣
ңӣҹﶼ뿿ˡߵݳǣˡ

ֻ˵๫Щ䡭´
ɰѸˡ
´
ˮͨϱоʦҪؿסʺҪֻʱ⣬ͷһ˵ĵطҲ´
ңǺ尡ɲںխжٴסһټĺ壡

ȥͿ߶ǴǷ
дεĸҲʽ㴬ģǹɫ๫Ͳʶĺķ󴬡
飬ǡ
ڴ֮䣬塢۴
ʼΪ֮Զ´Щ޿ײСǵĻ
Ǻŷ֣Ͳô£ЩСǽŶ´Ƶġ
ֻװϹˮʳʣдθصƼ𣬻Сһڴ󴬷϶֮ҷ磬һߺ
ϵȻҲǼֲ֣ĴӸ߼װ˳СӣǮ̼ҰҪĶУٸ߸˵ȥ
Ȼһʳƣһеĵźͨ

Դˣڿһ㲻ͬƣЩССȻǵһִ£Ҳᳵ·ϰߡ
˵
˵Բɣݴ˵رˣೣ¡
๫Īֻ֪ȪݡǴεĶ̴ۣȴû뵽ԭ֮ԶʤȪء
һСûߣ£ôͣҲˮʡ
Ƿ۵ľǸСŮһװ磬ǿˡ
Ŀ͹ٲٵǱȻһĿٻø๫һһ㶵ġ
°ȻſڴϣŮ̸
Сӵݸȴǲ𣿡
ŮЦҲǽ̸ӣǴ˼˷ʣ֪ǵһݡ
¶ϸýϲ֪Ȼǹܵġֻõĺͷ忿ͷĵطȣȴǵһܼˡ
Ŷͷͷͷʡ
רܺ·ۡŮΪ
һֱƬ麣ͷǹϽ
ѽϻȥʱҪںʲô鷳Īţݺ˾ӵĴǣȻΪǡ
Ŷ
Ӧţޱ޼ʶµʵĺʵôӵ𣿡
Ů˳๫ȥȴһЦٵଡ
ʱϲûϡ

һأô˵⺣۲춼£ȴǴˡ
Ϊβͨأ¸ۣȥأ
ŮЦϲǵһݡ
һָ棬ʵôബӵ£ݸۻǺܴģʱܹá
ֻ⣬÷Ұۿڵİ溣ҪſɽԲŻ³
ŰոǺ棬ⴺͷʲôҪ¶Ƿ⺣ɣ
˿ŮСֿ˿Ӱ˸ʵʵݳǣɵЦ
СӴɺã
ϲܿڱǡ
ϷżǣĴۿɺã
˵ţŮּܾģٲСӵǮ
ŮŰգȻˡ
ϲ˵ﻰ˷˵Ĵ֮
ҶĲˣҪȥϲһкη
ҪǮ
ϲο
뺷һ֮ǧ
ɴæµС
ϧСᣬװˣԸֻöһŮʻȥ

һݳԽԽһƬӰù
ǰȻʣݳҲչڸ๫ǰ
⡭ݣֱԼ۾
ֻɽ͵֮䣬һǵصĴǺبں֮ϡ
ԣǵأ
ݳ˺һûƽأɽơ
ݳǲѺռˣĿɽҲߵʹ䣬ɲǵأ
Ůϲһȣ⡣
ϲԭҲûôĳǳذɣ
๫˵ˣγ˿⣬ݿڶ

Ů֪ǰλϲպþǴӿġ
ǣܲû棬ҲʵڲԼ۾
ꣿꣿ
Ӻ£ҲĹ⾰ô쵽ģŪȹģ
Ǻǡ
ڴˣһش๫
ܼ򵥣
Ϊ
Ϊ
ֻҪ棬˵꣬ꡭ£߸£һҲ
Ҫ֪ݲ衢ٯռǡֺȴϽĳУóεĵһۿڡ
иָıһȳԽʱľӪ档
ðʱ佨³ǣֻѾΪ޷ˡ
⼸꣬״ͨȫεˡȫĺܡ
ɣǵжˣҪ

ݳڲľʮÿӭߵĸػ̷Աʮ
Ǹ޷ġ
ֱʱеףΪʲô๫Ҫݡ
ۼΪʵ
ģеˡ
Ӧؾǲе̫ˣ
֪ǻûĸģûʶҰϵ档
Ҫٹ죬ȸ๫͸ˣǾͲ̵̫ˡ
ǡҪҪؾ⡣


֮๫ʱá
Ϊݾģû뵽Ȼءôõط
һʮ˿ڴǵĸĸ٣񿪷ǰӽ£β
治һȵ

㽣๫˰лŮͷȥ
˶ֱͦЩ˵ⴺ䣬Ĳ£ݴСС͵һԶˡ
Ҳ֪ⴺֲ⡭
ס
๫һⴺ䡭
ôⴺأ
ҿ˰죬ڷζˣͷϻôʱŷ֡
ûˡӡ
Ҫ֪յϢɿ촬ˡ
ССҲǸ๫δ٣֪ѡ
ôӣҲɸɣ
ڣ
ڣ
๫еҲסˡ
˼Ҹˡ



932 
ϸ²ʮʮķֶϣ¾ͱ߸ˡ
һһǧɺã
֪ǼҿҲ
оǣܡ


ô࣬˵ǱᵽģôҲö
ȷʵΪҺ񣬿Ӵ˶ûУе˵ȥ
๫Ǻֵ˰죬۵ĶûмĲ۴ȥ
ȻҲӸ๫ģͷάġ
á
ûϷˡ
˵ⴺ䲻Լȥ£Ҫͷ˵ǣ
һòʲ٣ôߣ
æţ·˼಻ףǶˣǴ֮ҳʵǸãҲҵ
صһֱߵͷǸڡ
ϲϵĲɣոǱӦûʲôˡ
ǱˣҪˡ
ţüͷһ壬˵ôǳظþȻûʲôˣ
ʱθоӿһⴺ䵽ôµģ
ɫںδ
òһȷλүͷСֱ๫䡣
๫ʱͷ档
ðɣһҲͷôˣջ𣬲ò˵꣬ߣ׼򣬳ȥ


ãͷȻ˶࣬ڲҡ
ΪǰͷѾٱΧˣһ֪๫ڴˡ
ԶԶţһͷӻͦ󣬼Źٱά֮Ҳʶ㱳˫֣ƽȵ˹ȥ
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ں˵УһССߵ籨ˣұ׶أǡ
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һЩͬ廰Ҳ˵ֻ



934 ˹
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УЩĶɻǲɿڡ
Ӫʹһ֮УҲðգ
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㿴ңҿ㡭˵ǸĹٰɣôǻأ
ҲƶղŻԥԥôһתۣǸˣ
ؼˡ
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935 Ӫ
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˻ԽԽ񻰣üëһĶˣĶŪȥ
ûʯȫһҪж˵ı顣
ֻҪӻһӪӵӪӵı
ˣǸˣˣƤˣ治ʯȫĶ֡
֮ʱȴذ̾һˣһѰɡ
ҲҲ
ǰдʣʯȫ
ʯ֪ɣ
սйȫɺӰѾ䶯Σˡ
ֱȭңϷټҸ׷һƷ󽫾飬ٳ˫ء
ʯȫ￩һû뵽Լ١
ٺ١̲סɵЦټ̧ˡ
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ǲСǡ
ʯȫҪӪѾˣΪֻƾһ㣬س֮󣬷ɻڴﻹСһ׮ֺα죿
ȥֻһ·ˡ
ţһɣӲܣûʥּ㣡
١

˶ˣĶʥּȥ
ո㰡
û֮ʱվ˳ʥּǷʯģ㸸죬Ҳһ
Զԣæ͡ʯԽӵּû˵˰ɣ

ʱ˿̣ʯȫ޲ɱء
һ߶ȥû˵ķݣ
񲻸ˡӴ˵ķݣ
ӪʹеĶأӴӶĴʿ
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ʯȫôˡ£ôðôʿ
ҲܣˣҲûжˡҸǼҸҸּ㣡
ÿס߬ﻹûȺġӪ˧ûˡ

˵ʯȫҪͲˣһ취ûУ½뾩ʦʥ֮ǰô˵ˡ
һԵֵ
һָͶң
һôʲô¶Ӿ˻ȴˣ
ˡ
һǳţȥé


936 Ҷ
ʵ鵽һѾˣɺӿڱΧ֮ʱҵĴ

ΪʲôҪӪҲΪȵĹϵǡ
Ծȣ
ûӪ͵ھԼ

ԮŮϣҮɺ
ǣأŮ˴Žˣô᲻֪ڹ˵Ǹʲôأ
ɺӿһΧҾ֪ΣˡŮ˲ܴɺӿھߵģǱضҪ̰¸ࡣ
ǣǰģֻѡ
һϳӵɸȥ
ǣֻҪݺӢֵܻеӾ֪Ѱ·
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ҮɺϱƣֶݡӢһ֧ѾûдڵıҪˡ
ԣֻѡڶ·
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Ӫ˧˭ǾӦͷ۵ˡ
ֻʯȫ˭ӪӪ˧˭˭аëǮϵ
Ҫôȥ¶
㵱ôÿͣܣ
Ŀģֻ˳ûڰˡ


ƵĻصҸլһţ丸ݣ常ӢѾӭ
أǴӦ𣿡
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ڿֶ׼Ķͷģô˵ҲӺƵĴӣôأ
ɵĵطαʲô¶
˵ôأ֮ʱ˭ԸĿŵıͨĶ
ǣڹ۶ϣҲֻܿˡ

ңôңŪˣ˻սôͰĽȥˣ
УǱһҧǲС
ڿֶ׼ʯȫͷģν
ƨôˣʯȫ
վΣߵߣȥϲӪɻȻɱ壬ӽ󡭡
ֱΣȫţԸҹֽ
ϲһߣʯȫرȭʯ仰ڣز˶顣
˵˵ʯȫͦNɪ仹źۼصһۡ

ʱ˵ˣʯֻʣսֲʤΣ֮
ɣһѵľҰɺӿڵսֳһʯ죬ɺã
⡭еԥ𣿡
ʲôʵģʯȫ塣ҲһҲ
ôˣܲپһΧ֮
áðɣ
ǿӦȥҸһ
˵Żתȥȴϲá


ߣըˣʯȫ
תͷأҸ
ոҪغݺݵšһѣôͣźϢ뿪
Ϊʯȫһ㶼
ǲؿʼ
ðɣең
ǴȷʵӦ֪ոǩµԼοռ˴˵ġʱˣǸ»أ
ԣ̯֡ȷʵһҲӦ࿴
ɸң˵ʲôҲҪƴһӣǡ
ǹɲΪȾͰѴ֮

򡭡
ʯȫָȴ˵˵ɣ
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937 Ļ
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ꣿһꣿ
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𿴴ڴͦ˳Ϊڹ˷ֱˡ
ҪרĶԸɲһǰ˳˳ˮ
ңɱˣڱǧأ
Үɺŵ껹壬ɲġ
Ҷ϶֮ڣûǸʵͨߡ
ꣿζĿ
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㲻ʱѾܳ𣿡

סˣе˴ʲô⡣
˵
һĴȡɾ
껹ΣǳЩ๫͸ûؼҺ庢ඣ


Ŀʶˣ״ʲô⡣
˵С˳ˮۡ˵㡭Ǿռȵˡ
⡭𣿴ɣ
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ļˣܹΣ֮ǰ˵ʲôոսԼ
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˵ʯȫ۾㷴Ӧƻ˶ˡ
һNɪ̲ס²ۣľԴ뵱Ӫͷ

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ңһ֮ǳн
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һͻȻãôһҲͦģʡӡ

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һߣǰһ亹
˵ƴɰƴɣΪ֮ģֵʹʮ˰ȫˡ
Ҳء
˱ԣ


֮ࡣ
ʲô
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ûּŲġ
ãð
ⲽȻ
ãŶԸ֪ϢļүӢۣûɺӿڣگʯȫٽʿؾ
ҪΪ칦ͣ
ǺǡϼֹһЦѾˣѾţˡ
˵ɳҵļſڶͳˡ

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ܲ𣿡үҲʯȫ뿪Ӫڽǵľء
Σ
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û˵
ֲֵӢѾ·ˣרġ

Ȼû˵

ɲֱֺˣүһڣʲôŵףΪʲôҪμ

ӺĲİ
ֲ̾һʱǹΣǹɣʵѾûʲô谭ˡ
ܲܳɣȫһ֮䡣
Ӣ
ͻȻȴüүΪ⡣
Ӣȵ۴ɥһȥ
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938 С
꣬λڿԼλá
˵ԶԶ˵˵տɴ
꣬ƺƴļѲ⣬ǰ·ʲô⣬˰ʮ֮ڡ
ãһ·˳ĺܣѵ֮ʱһµĿࡣ

ʱ䣬ȳ̨飬Ǻͷүҵ˱

ѳʦΧʦͽѵлᵽ߷ãʵĴΰ

ģȺͷͶˣүһһټܣȴûסҪš
ǣһ䣬ʧ⡣
ȵӡУǵݵʱйʦͬɣũļ䣬һΣȴѾʮĹ⾰ˡ
û¶ʱӦöߣá
ҰģЩ
Դˣүȴһ㶼ðѵȻڣöߵĲϷСӣ
Ȳ֪үЩʮעģڻɽǸطţϢһ㲻ҡ
岻ʱүҲᵽܱũ߶δʲԷ⡣
ү˶Ƶһߣ˵үǰɣ˵Щ岻л
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ȻҲϼֵġ塱г˵ȴû㲻뾩ȥĻɵء
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һ㲻ϣû䣬ͷҪ̧ܵķߡ
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ֲȥȥʵһαأ
һҡͷҲȥǾֻܿʱİͬΡ
ǣȻѾҪнңǻȥһˣĺá


˼Ҷ˵ˣ˵޿ɺǡ
Үɺ
šֻȵͷ
סαҮɺ֪ģԴС
̧ͷ죬һ̾䰡
ֲһۣ֪Ƿȥˡ

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͵Ҳã·ɺӿڣӪǵ¶һˡ
ԣ
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Īʯȫȥҡģ
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үãӪͽʯȫ֮ˣټӴеֱǾ𣿡

ֲ˵ˣͷ˼
࣬ǲ㣬ǧ˱Ϊ֮ȴ˧
ǣһвͬ
˼ܣǶıϣһ˿Ϊ棬ɱɭȻƾܻꣻһ˿ΪԲУָĶĶ
ԭүΪ˶˺赣Ӫֿɶ
˵Ҫһʯȫϼַ֣ҲǲС
ȻãǸɾ࣬ز㡣
Ӵ̫ᣬг嶯Ƿ˼֮ʱʱ򡭡
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˼ǷˣСӲпգҲпգ˵һְһְ붼ġ
Ҳʼڴ
ƴĵϸǽҲ뿴սѵıڡװֶԪϸֿ֮󣬵γʲôս


˵ŻǰĴƬũȴ˵⡣
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ȵһŲͺ˵ˮԴ㣬ȴǲ̫ˡ

ðɣֵү岻ˣ˵һû
ǵȻ
ʲôԭ֣ʲôһţ
ȼæͣԭ֣ѩǴ޴ӣͺԣء
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ĳ룬үһʲô
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ݵũѾĵ˺üˣҲûŪͷġ֮ϵС
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ǰףϡֱֲ߲ũǴӼʮ鲻ͬʵġ

߰ɡкţС
ǽׯӡ
ѣ̣

˵Ż˻塣
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أ
Ȳ֪˶ȥˡ
ȥˣȻǸϼȥˡ
ⲻĽȴһͬķչ˼·


939 
ŵһũׯȻûˣʵЩ졣
תһӣѷүͼү۵Ѿͷڴӵ֮Уһ߸󲻹Ӥ
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¾ͣǡ·˵أˣ棬дһʡ
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ȵۻ˽ùˣȷʵƴ󹤷ǣ͢񾪻Ա˽չȡ䣬Գ£򲻿ɾŰա
ôһׯ˻Ƕȥˣ
ڷү￿ڣν񹤣һȥˡ
Т⣡үʱͲˡԽԽ󣡡
үȴǲ̫ϿɷүĻ³걾ͼȣТΪ˹ڣһЩݾҲ
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ļǵãµĿǣÿÿһģ
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һëܳһ£ҿĳĻˡСܸɣȥǿˣ



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˵һЩǿũֵĵֿ

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ǿũֵĵֿôʣǶǶ˵ȴѾˣʱߵһ仰
⡣
ũǮ˻Ͳأؼ沢֮Ҳʹ󻺽⣬Ҳܸȶ
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ĻܿõļǮȥȥǮ޿ɺǡ
ؼǣνĳ͢Ȼ֪һ㣬Ȼ˽컹ûӦȥҪģҪ𳯵ģ

ڰɣ
ڶ˿ȿνΣô
ֲֻͨԺעǣӺˣ
һ㶼ءȼ档
ǽ⣬ھܸүһ󴮣ڲע⣬ȴһᱬ⡣
ϼַӦѾʼϸЩҲով֮ʣͻȻӿͷ⡣
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Щ˵ëġ޷֯гʤ̭һ沢ںϣǹܲܣҪҪ㣿һٳɾһȻȴ㳯͢Լأ
ǵߡɷܲӦ仯ԽԽʱ
һӦˣô죿
ǵ䣡
ˣ̫ˣ
һĻһ̻̿ڵλ๫ը졣
û뵽ֻһũׯϸһϯ뵽ôࡣ


ĲΣʹڴڱ޲
ǽһ⣬˳˳ˮĸĸ֮·Ѿˣŷ޵ĻȨôʱƷġ
ܶ˵⽨Ȩʱвɵ͵ìܣǱȻ
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ı棬ʹûвɵ͵ìܡνЭʲôڿԣ
֮ԱƷΪǺڵһӦˡȵʱѾеĳ롣
ͬǣŷ޻Ȩʯͷӣûǰ֮
෴кŷˮǰ䡣

ʱ˿̣Ҳأɵ˼θϣ
ڷͺͼֲ˵һȫµǻеץϹ
ֻͣá
ҪȥһҪǰ
ԡ
Ҫ
۵أ
滮

ãһżѺĴʶĳˡ
˵ӵжð
ҿڻģһңûôֳɵĸĸﾭԡ


940 һ
ȾΣߡ棬ʹܳǰҪͬһġ
Ҫġ

һʱó׵˲ҵĲӿ֣ڸδ޻޿ܵͬʱҲ޵Σ
ո뷶ʦͼүǶζԻȻֻǼ֮뵽һЩܣȥϸ֮£ԽԽľԽԽ¡
Ϊũׯһ⣬ԶֹϼֳЩ׶ˡ
ȷ˵ͯ
ԣʱûͯĸǣʱΪѾѴλĴԭʼõ̶֮˳
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䷢չ޷Ƶĳ̶ȵʱͿʱ֮䣬˵ľ֯Ȩ֮䣬ֻᱬʲôµìܣȼȥ롣
˭Ҳ֪ʮһ͵Ĵλ᲻һΡ֪᲻ỹûȵγư磬Ѿڲ߽ˡ
ʱ˿̣һ˿ӣ̶һɳ嶯Ҫʱ¹ػ
ʵ̫Ѳٿˣ

µʱѾŪĿȫǣһϤ֣ԭǸ켣Ѿûκν
ȷ֣ԽߵѾԽԽ٣ʣµʱһԤԡ
ʵڲ֪һԤԹŴμǰ
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Զǳ⣬ȴûһԶĹ滮
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͢Ҫֵصһȿ԰һȥֿסһ˱֤ķ֮ڡ


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ڵĴҲûк׹ǿѶȣΨһͬǣʮһ͵ôԼг
ֻһڶ˿ڣûкô㷢ʮһͣһ˿㹻ܡ˿ںˡ
һߡ
Ӧðõɣ


941 
ֻһԶڲ滮ҪʵʩȴҪϸµ˼ʵ
ڴγûкãٲǰǰгƤϵ
һ㣬ȲòٴθмȵǰʴȣһΰΣȵģ־ɳǵһƬ͡


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ڵĸĸ뷶๫ѾȫͬǼ๫г¡
ò룬˼棬ˣܱ֤·ʵ¡

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ǲǡҲȥȥĳ

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һӽһӵڿɺãֱӷ䵽ˡ


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ϴ˰飬Էֵ⣬׼ƶһµӶ档
ȻҲһܳ飬˵ʮȵ֮ǰǻؾ֮ҲҪ൱ֲ֤̽ſɰȫΡ


ʮ嵱գݼռʱΪ
ξǰȵһ̡
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˵Ӣţı˴Σ˵ʶˣȡ
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ΪˣҲһ


᲻̫ҡˣ
ߣҲǿ±
е㲻ǧŵ˰ƽҲһԴǻ
ΣİƤؾУȴһ
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ŻԺʱ͸Һȭͷʺϸ⽻
ƽʺϣΪ軵ǵСʱһ˳ȥܣؼһ

ʯȷʣ𣿡
еһҪڱдǧʵۡ
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һɤӲҪԺ˭Ҫǲúøɻͳȵˡ


942 
ȵ꣬Ҳûˡ
ϧȴǲӻؾ֮ǰѾӦңߵһˣͱġ

ǰһо׿ΪȺɸ׼װ
˵ѾҲһѣøǶ֡
Ϊʰ·ѾЩƼҵĴͳÿԶУҪļ·ʲôǷҪֱ²ſϰġ

Ҫȥã
׿ϸĵĵңһķʡ
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һôһ䣬׿ͷȴٲˡ
׿ʵԼ֮ǰҲôææµµʱʱߣҲạ̃ȴҲˡ

ʱҲһԹԵķйԹҲǡǰⵣѹϣ˭УȴŵһԶٰˡ

һԣЩæµ治֮ǰ۵ʱóá
İѾ׿͸Ļƶְɸеߡ
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ⲻĹļ洫

ʱһ仰װ׵ĸ⽹ۡ
ҪͷȥҺööСвУҪ壬鿪⣡




ʲɽ
һܣתͷλӡ
û˵һʵʵϳȥɡ


ڶһ磬̱ϡ
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ʲ䣿Ա֮˷ˡĶģôû
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ˣǸ˾һ㶼Сһ·Ҳ˵ˮȡ



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ĸһ֮ǰĵȻسɸһЦСȥãһٺｲһЩ
ȣҪһġ£
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Ӻܰѵĳŵ֣ѾǸŮˡ
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ȶɵˣû뵽ӦĸȢɸ磬ôиô
ĸһ˵ģеڹˡ
Сĳĳĸһ
ǣСǲ̫ףĸΪΡտϼ
ʱ㻹޷ģĸ˵һĸӦüαҪ죿
ֻĸȻ֪ȴıҪӡ
ʶ⣬ռ㣬ҲûȥıҪ˰ɣ
ûв´ʱѾ鷿Ӻˡ

ȳ׷ˣνϵĸ治򵥣һѣ͸
˵ĸһЩ޵ݣԭһֱƵģԼ
С
ȴǷģַܡ
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ֻĸҲӺһѡ
ӽӺƴɲö֮ߵʲôزƼ֮䣬ֻ顭
ԣҪ
۷



946 ɢ
лĹģȻܺõô죬ֻдʱ뾡дһ㡣
ɽӵ̫ûңʮ˵
ʮв࣬ﲻ̤ʵ


ֻ飬Ҫ۷⡰һɰȾû飬̫̫ʵ̫ˣ
˵԰ɣȻԡ
ĸһˣ˵ĻʹҽһĺƼվһߡ
˰ɣ
ǣ˵ҲǹģҲ˵ùȥ
ΪƾڴεĵλֻҪˣôҪʲôʲôˡ
ɱǸɴֻŵļ̫̫ࡣȸһľϲΪȡ档
ȻʵվȵĽǶĸһ˼ڵôҲ벻ġ


ĸѾʱ֮顣
֮ĸȻֻ飬ٲһ¡С꣬һ߶СѾͷһɸϸ˵Щľ
Ǹ̫̫Σȡֻ֮һӹĸףһŮɵЦĸ

ĸѾڣܼһûѰԭ·ȥ԰΢˸䡣
֪Ҳɣ̤̤ʵʵܼţһ·ǰ
Ȼתһɽټ֮ǰǸվǰ
ȲɵðԿЦĸµĵûӣӦǵһˣܼǿ쵽ġ

ɸ絹Ҳ̹Ȼ״ˣ
ֻĸףɸȻϲ˾ˣӲҲɢ
ɴˡ
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ʶһۣЩѿڶ˭ɣϷӦ𣿡
ݰЩ˻ȥƵֵһȣĳ֣

˵꣬ԹԵĻ鷿

ҹĻ֮£ȵȻѾ˵˺üۣɸһ֮롣
鷿һһվǰ
˵ɣӺƾʲôҽΣ
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ǿɡ
ôװһѴȡ
ȿȡʹɤӣĿƲ
ͻȻЩڿء


Ҳˣŷԭһֻ̣ϡ
Ȼ롣
Цõǰһ룬ֱһˡ
ɴˡ衣
šӣô¶İѼһڣֱ˽ӹһ
ǺǣҲȶֶӡ
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ȻҲյĽ£
û˵Ǿ˲裬ѾŮȻҲˡ
ε


㲻ҵôġȥ·ϣɸ̲סԹȡ
鷿һŮĶȥˣǼƷϵֱǵôߡ
ԴˣҲֻǵһЦ걧οɸ
ԼˣٲǱԼˡ
ҡ
ҴһǶ˵пƣ伫
ǣҲãӢҲգӢļӣǶ汾µȥλһҲţе㡭ˡ
ؼǡɸЩżس֮ô
ȥѾнķ룬Ը߹٣Ƿ˿Ϊ֮˽ػڸ
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תͷһ룬ʱˣܲ壬ĸƫƫ鶯֮˼̫ˡ
뵽ɸͷи֮УСöŵ£ΪηŲأ
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ҵɵӴȿô򵥣
һ塱֣ôεȥԼ顣
ʵǸոһּۻۣ͵ʶ̫̫һ鱳ʵһ㣬⡭
ò


һߡ
ŮŮǱһήٲոյľơ
֧ӣǽıϲ㷭һƿǧ𣬺Ҳ⣬һھǴƿ
Ŵһ
ãϡ
Тݡ
Ҫѳ潫ˡ

鷿ԶһУĸǰԶϡ
˳Ŀ⣬ǧɶ󶨡
ĸʱŮԶ飬ž۵Ҹûֶ¼ɵİǡ
ͬһ۱ݡ
̰ԸĪҪ˹ĸһİɣ


ѶȴǲϹΣô˵ҲɸңʮŻһˣҪסϸ²˵ùȥ
ȻɸѵõĸŮ֮׵ͬʱҲûš
ˣһ鷳ûأǾǡʯȫ
λүӪˣԼŶء
Ȼˣȣʯȫһ¶Ҫǡ
Ӵ˵˺
ôȥСˣҪʯȫص׸ʲô׶ʹʲôҲڽôˡ
ʯȫˣô˵ĻʵǶ࣡ôһлл˼أһСľ˵
̸ܵģʯȫָȡ
ƷӣôӣҷŪ
ˣˡûصһۡ
겻ʯϴǴӪǸ˵ĺõط
ллӴû˵ͻؽȥˣ
ѣ
ʯȫһţۣӪӪ˧ҿ˭Ҷң
أһüͷҽаǰɣ
аɣʰͶȥ
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ţ
ɣɣ˰ɣ

һʯȫΪӪνƴˣĥӲݣõĶˡ
˵ʵ֮࣬Ƕݣ
ӪɲãĵطʯȫôľģƬӪжమ
ҪؾɣսԺȥĶС
ءʯȫļǸɴࡣ
̧ͷȣҵĻѾӪˡ
ˡʯȫһ˦֡Ҳȥģû
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ǽҵľȿЦ
شγȥҪð֪ɺӿڵĹͣҵ
ģʯȫ㶵ķʡն֪ʯȫˣ
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ٺ١ֻʯȫȻЩʴӵɵЦ
Ӣ̸̸ۡϣ֮¡
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Ҳǡʯȫͷ˵͸ǧˣҾ֪ˡ
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˵զʯȫҲ֪ΪѡҪ
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ʯȫˣҲУҲУĶ
ɡ˦ʯȫһʥּ
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û뵽ʯȫһԴҡ硣
ɲɣӻС
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㲻Ҳøɣȵ۾ҪôСҪôȥֵأѡһɣ
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ʯȫôûİ
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ðɣССɡ
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˵ˡʯȫ͵͵һۡⲻûҪɣ
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ڣܳ


һ֮Ϲ鷵
ͬеģȻݡӢĸһ¡
Э֮ҲҪ뾩ʥһ
ϴ֮ǰȽӵ˵һҴɹٴ벳
ⱾûʲôˣȻ˴ΣǴҲûôԵһ㲻ɴֻ뺣ǲܵġ
񴬡ֻ̽Ҫۿڱɺ˰ɳ
ǣٴȴ鷳һЩۿϱɺӿڵӪ֮󷽿ɷС
ңҲ֪Ƕ˵¶Դ򲳺֮ûһҴɹٴ
֮ע⵽¶ΪͷһݶҡһĹٴһҺս
Ҫεʱ㣬ȴŲ³⴬ˡ
رݣУ
ңɴ˸֮ճ֮ʱԶﺣϡ
ɢ



947 ȡ
֮ݺ
ɢ˭ûͷûԵĴʲô˼
ǣ浽֮ںԶԶһҴɺʻĿɽ֮Ƿ죬ﾪ°Ͳû
ɡʡ죡
Үɺ


Үɺڴϣ
ҲãйԱҲգ޲Ȼʣ׵⽹ۡ
˰
ɾ𣬻ʵ۱£ֻ۹½ڴεĺתƣ
һҡڵĹŻ죬⡭

ȳ̾һˡǹ˻죬Ÿ޿֡
ɺӿڱ˵ģ벳˳˻죬βܶÿŵ¶еζô
ô˵źϵĴ콢Ȼ̲סеҮɺӡ
֣
Үɺʲô
˻֮һʣܲǳɢİɣ
ǺǡȸЦ
δ㣬תزС
ڿӵġ
ڿӣ˿ȵıӰֱһ¡
ããϣڵӿӣ


ȻزգǻԼУɡĸķ䡣
ˣǱŶġ

֮һǴɻʼ콢˱ˡ
֮ԣɻ̲סһ㱡
ĽǶһѳȥͶӵ·ϱ£Щ޵ݡ
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ûϻػǳãֻǴɻʵۣסġ

ĸһԣȷɫԽԽѿЩɷס
֮⣬Үɺ¡ˣҮɺͬбķﵽĿġ
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ĸȻ
ԭԭһĶӺ
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û뵽ĸδ˵ȴһĲţ㡭
Ŀĸ㣡
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ɫͨ죬ЩѿڶֱǺ˲ǳҪٲ
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ˡֺαأ

زĸ˵ȴ˻ͷ
ɴ˵ﻰʲôĲġ
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ͣţС
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ʵ˵Ĳ⣬ֻǰҹ·ʲôǶˡ
ȺʹεĽǶȳĸ鲻ķʽǰͶΣڰȣҲڰңڰΡ
ǣȫֵĽǶȴȫͬһˡ
ҲȺʶ̫̫ͨһ⡣
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仰˵ǣģǲǴΣ
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ϱεսһѹݣߵ諣ѽϱսѾЩ֧
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Ĵ෴νϡ죬ȵɽۻŴɺһĲС

ԣҮɺҪûҮɺҪ
ҪһصĵʧҪǴѾˡ
ʱѾյأٲϢֹս񣬱к
ͶΣ֮Ҳû˴ȥɣø˴һõͣսڣҲҮɺһᴭ

ò˵ĸһŮȴȫֵ۹ܿһ㣬ҡɡΣ鸴ӵľ֮¾Ȼ£ȵĵ죬ķʽͶΡ
Ĳ˵󣬾㹻ܶѧϰ뱲ˡ

ÿжһʹ仰һ¾˵̫̫Ŀȥˡ
˵Ͷһ죬ɾսһ졣
ΪɵĳԼһҮɺʱ䡣
ĸһ⣬Ϻ궼û˵̫̫жɣ


ǣ˵ľ֮£ȺȥĸΪǶԻǴ
鶯֮һһ
ģ
Ͷβթ̫̫Լһ߳ȥҲزͷˡûȽκֻ顣
ǣȻҪѣΪΰɽ⿪Σأ
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Ϊ񡢻峤ͶķʽΪʹһ£飬׳֮飬ֵþ塣
ңӴεĽǶȳݸӦסĲӣȫչʾεػ˵ս壬ȿŴɺȥ
ȸոյĻ˵Ҹȡ裬ûʲôĲģûҪ̫̫ôġ


ʵ̬ƷչȥɼװһغͿֻû
פǷһֽѡ
ģȲģԼ֪̫̫ţԴϲգ
ǣû뵽Үɺһӣɾȫζˡ


948 Ӱ
˵Үɺ٣
ǣ
ʱĴɻʵͷۿԽԽĴκ


ڿӡ
ģһ壡


ǵĸһҹ̫̫±̾Ǿ仰
̣ĪҪ˹ĸһġ
ǺǣҮɺǳˣûйĸһĳһûʵۣй֮ںûʵ۵Ļϸһһͷβġй޼ҵġ
׵ġûʵۡ

һѣҮɺݱսʹͣν죬һ㶼
һ棬Ȼ֪ǹĸȡһѣΪ˻ȨλΪ˴ɣҲһûĸġö
Ҫһũߣרҧһڵġ


ʵҮɺĺܣⳡ־硭ճˡ
ǿ챻ϿĴɣǼڸײĴΣֻ߸ðͷûסϣճ
ֹͣһеģֻдɸ
ǣҮɺưͿ
֪ôγƿԺûز弸ǲܵˡ
ԣðűɵΣһҪΣһӣʹҲð

ôҧ򵥰
ҮɺǹЦƷӲжҲġ
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Ůٳ˴£ժ

֪Ϊʲô뵽ҲбƵһ죬Үɺ¶һ˿ɵЦ
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ӺưӺƣ
ʹڲ̫ԸҴӦ


һߡ
ɴˡĸˣǿɲȥ
סˣάʮ⡣
ʵȸոѾ˵ˣסҮɺġ
ΪɻʵۣҮɺкܶܰҪĶﵽΡ
ԣӹϣҪ㡣
ҪѹҲҮɺ棬ԼҲܵǣ
ðɣ
ݻеģȻ˾ҪͷҲ֪Ҫǲ
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ðɣǾˡ

Ʒ˲Ǹǵģ˲ˣȵ
ǡϲаСȥһˡ
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ȴĸסȡ
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̫̫ѾŪӰˣ治֪ľľ䲻
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ȿЦſ̫̫ıӰݶһۣҪţ
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Űɣ
ȷŰ۳գһ̶ݶ


ʱ㣬êͣȡ
һͼҮɺһŴڶĴͷ
˫һϾӭȥ
ҮɺҲϣģҲ˫һŴӭ
Ҫȿһ顱ĳ룬Ⱥ˵ʲôһţͷ
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үģ
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ɲûڱסûйģʮսԴ˵Ǻ¡
ϼšüͷҮɺʮŮ£ƽűء
ǵѹǲС
͵ͷѵϼһ¡
̧ͷȣһݾֻǶƣö
һϣֻΰ뵺καǴӦ֮Ҳǿˡ
۴֣ǣһȫʮѹλеܡ
ʦĵǣȻعȴǻҡͷ
ҪǰŮѹűǺˡ
¡
Ȼ治ҮɺڹűǣƴΡ
ĿǰñȷʵЩѡǱˣʩа֮࣬ебѾ޳ֻҪһ룬ѵ̣֮γսҲ¡
ؼڣôȸҮɺ֧ˡ

ԭ˵ɱսıҲȫΪ֮ЧȻҲʹۿۣҲóûͷչ
ڣҮɺҪǰʮսͶȥǻĸСס
ʱ䣬ŪþܴͨǣֱӸɵƤ£ʹηŷˡ
̵ģ̲ס
ְ
ڹǻôأ
¿ɺãӢհǴû棬ְֺүүɸˡ

µ񡭡ȳ̾һΡ
ֻܼϣҮɺսǻ֮ưɣ


˵Ը
Ȼܡ
ҮɺҪ۹ⶼûУҲͲӺƵĶˡ
ʱ˿̣ɻʹ
ҮɺŰϵɽͼһɳĬȻŻʵ۱µľϡ
ҮɺĿߡ߲ͣá
ӺƻѰһó·
ɳһӺƣƷӣ
һʱ֮䣬׻ʵ۴ԴӺ˵
λҿҮɺмָŴһƬ
֮ǰڴϣӺƣ֮·ڡ
һϷԣû뵽Ʒӻָһ·
һƬռ˿ŵó˿ڽǲʢܾΪУԱս
һЩɳǾɳû뵽Ʒӻܸɳ⣿ʵý
ɳǸµ˼ǡ
ԣҮɺᶨͷ
ǡϳǱô죿
ʮŮɵűȥϳǣƣҴɸɣ
ҲҮɺ̧ͷˡ
ϿǣƴȷԴ
ǣǣж˿ڣ
Сһ֮ɣ
ˣҮɺ񶨵ǰ
λƣ켮ټϣƿ⣬սֺռţռŷްͣ
ЩЩط˼һ飬˵ҲΪ
Ǵأ
㣬ֻǧ򣡡
ҮɺĿ¶⣬ʮɣƸǰٱֹ
Ĳ֮£Կ۵Ҳκˣ
ԣҪǵűºӲӲǽŴθƣʱ䣬ץסᣬ׳
һָͼϡ
֮أҴ˿ŵռһϯ֮أִһ˿ڶ࣬Ǵ԰֮Ǩʵ˿ڡ
ǸոõϵǴڼ֮أطũֻҪǨ˿ڷչũ£һ֡
һֿ߽ŮԱƿأֶΪ
ҡ
Үɺ˶٣Ŀ𴦡
һģ
ԽѩɽǹĲԭأް뵺ӡȣ۹
ֻҪЩط£ɾвϳĽ˿ڣ
ʱ˭˭Ӯδ֪

ȴʱҪǿ޳ɡ
Үɺˣ˰
һϵɣ¶֮Ȼǲתˡ
ʱĴ˲һҲԶվڴһߡ
Үɺһֵ̳ĵˣȴǿʼ¶
ãʹҮɺѡ·ŲߣĿԶ󣬿Үɺһ㣬Ǿǣ
ǰͬʱҲǰҡ
ٶԶȴҪö࣡


꣬׾Թ϶ת˲š
䣬ɵ۹ʥҮɺĴ֮£һģ׷ŴεĽŲ
ʮŮսһ·֮ͦʵмƻԵߣӶ˿ڡ
ԭ߲ںн˿ڣڣ˿·ŵ߳ǳпá١ݣʮǾſգԱǨ
ɹ˿ڴǧֻͼɣﵽǧ
ŴԽѩɽޡǣԴԴϵɫĿָԭӿ룬Ϊ̨еһ֡

ԭŮ桢ѾҮɺ˴ɵĺصأεסͺ֣ʹ꼤ԽԽ˿ʳѹ
һǰɲ˰״ͻǧǮ
ꡭ
һǧ֮൱һսƵĳɷݣҲɳ¸ɾʮ㡣
һ·𿴵ԽΣѹΣܴεһ졭ǰ
ķչоʮ򣬻ʮ
ûʮ
װѹλǽսޣҮɺŽƫִϲϧؽʮ֮Ϊ֮ս׼
ܱ֪ûӪһףǲҴţţû⣬ûս顣
Үɺеڴʮһ
֮£εҲ̤

۴Σ䣬ڲ˳սȴûʲô
ϵ硢ެѾڣʹûζսȴҲв
ΰ뵺νĹ㣬һ꣬Ȼ겻ô̲ΡߵĴʿʥǣȴôҲ
Ҫǻ˴
ʹҮɺѾ԰竣Ҳ¾ð˸׳Ƴˡ
ŷްͻãŷްսĳЧΨһ˵ùȥˡ
˹Ѿöڽڰˣռ˴ŷް͡
һҮɺģϣ˳һ㣬ðŷްͶռˡ
Ϊŷް͵ͨµȫʶҮɺѾˡ
ɲԭڽƴ鸴ӣΪŤתЩûսеҪͶŷް͡
˵ͨһ㣬ŷ޳ڻǮĽ׶ΣռĵطԽ࣬θľԽࡣ
ҮɺͲôαŷްϿأ
֮䣬ȻδɳϸʹôɵϢǰôͨˡ
ǣֻһЩ˿ҮɺҲܶ϶ηչٶԶɡ
·棬ó֮󣬴սѾʹɳƽлʮ־ľ˵սսʿ
ϻ˵ùȥʽ֣ϸƣûиδĲƸ͢ôյҲǺǰû仯
˿ھ͸˵ˣǿԼǿĸЧʣȻС
մ̬ȥҲòʮ꣬ɾͽԽΣΪһǿ
ǡ
Үɺ


ʱ˿̣Զ֮Ŀʳǡ
ȺϽݱ˰ƣüġ
ȫ걨ղڰǧ᣿
ǲ̫
棬˾Ϊ˾ʹֱӡ
㻹Ҫ٣˾ⲻˡôǮ
˾ʵҲ֪ôģ˾ʹѾûǮˡ
ǮȥĶˣ
·̵籨
⼸꣬Ⱦһ·ǲƳɱߵ籨
Ҫ֪ߵ籨ȷʵ棬ǡ
õĶǻƳγεĴͭɱ֮˾ʹǮ͵ޡ
βЩȷʵǷŷǣǣǮƷӹˡ
Ҫ븻·Ӷְ޵˾Ļ˳
һ˦ӣ޷Ǯ
ȳ̾һҲû취
ǰһʱ֮˴һᣬҮɺץסˡ
վס˽ţҲסѹƴɣֻܴ֣ٷչңңȡ
̰ɣȰο·֪ͣжٺôˣ

˵ŻҪߡ
˾ʱסȥĶ⻹û˵أ
һһ౨Ǳ߿˵ˡ
๫Ӻó˰ҲӦһ˰ɣ
ɫһ࣬㻹ȵȵȰɡ
֮ǰİƤһˣм£


952 
ʡռԭĵطȴǰľˡ
ȥոսɵʡԺԭô󣬶ԭǰᵽ˶⣬һãռŸš
ûŸ
ڸ֮ǰְѾϷֵĲֻ࣬Ĺ̡񡢱µ³ΪмᣬŴԽԽܵϵγڵľŲ
Уԭ̲󣬷ֳˣ
ȫε켩Ѻ
ɲ˾޸ƼУ
ԺԭѲϲŵİ顢
ǰѲȨ׽˾һΪΪ˾
񣬴εı仯ֻǹԽԽϸķֹԽԽЧʩǿüŵĺôҲ
ȷ˵ũ
ڵĴ˰˰һѾ˰ɶĵزȥ껧ͳƵĽ޲軧ȫεıûӣм١
Ȼֻ΢΢ôһ㣬˵ε𽥵ĻصũУ֤Ͳڵȶ
Ҳ֣ԽԽãԽԽḻȻٻڲǣǣͲЩȴǵģҲ˵˵ġ
˵ˣǣҲǣֻҪ׷ݳޣԱůȴǱȴǰ׵öࡣ
ܳ񣬻ũֻҪзеգСӹĶСӯࡣ
޷޵صģֻҪϳҲһ
˻ȴҲǰǰûףϷˡ

˵ﻰݹ༸ǧķչʷԭ˵İվɰİˡ
ӹмҹаݣеֻҪпڷԣֻҪͶȥӲ̰ȡࡣ
ƣʵǣǰǻϴ޶ϸƲ˳
ûʳǣŽϵ֯˳Īһ֮С
θѾʩй룬⣬ʮ̣꣬һǿʢġȻĴΣ޵¡
ǣ˭أ

ǡ
˵ףȵʦͼүЩ˸֧š
оǣεİոһǰĸĸﻷ

ֺǺǵĽʡԺȴ
ȴİƤŸվſڵ
ôǣĺ档
һһС⣬һƽųƴ죬ְֺ޵Ľɫ
ֻҪһţǾǸʹΪ׷ģˡ
ǣ쿴ɫô̫԰
£
岩һ磬Ͳ̫ʹ죬ȷʵİƤ̫
һ˹ѧţصԶμӴһƵľԡ
ۣ
ֱӾˣ⻰ôôŤأ
˹
ѧţ
ôμӿƾ٣ܱ֣ܲ
˹ռѧ೤ʱ䣿еƾˣ
Цºð죡
ҲǿˣԳ͢һӵͷθǾ͵ˡ
һ̯֣˵ǿϣ㿼ˣ˹ҲεأҲûǹ
Ǻǡû뵽ŰգЦҪôô򷢣ҲͲˡ
ԼȥɣǸأ
һüͷɵ˳ָ˹ȥ
Ųôһ룬˻٣ʮʮˡ
һ׷ƣ߱ǱۣӵͷҪǳһŰͦô¶
һϸֿͷ
ֻÿ˵ĳ֮ϣǰλöһдġ֣ԺСһȻļԺͳһװ
ûļԺǰǡְ


ţ͵һ
鸦
⡭⡭Բӣһļ
ⲻ鸦ĵӰɣ
ǣİƤͷӦˡ
鸦ֻ֣ôɻ䣬ڿɺܵŷްȥҲͣŪһȺëӡ
գ
ҲƶˣôĶͣأ

İƤصǲ֪
๫๫๫Ҳ岩ɵ
ǲ²޶˶˵ŪһѧǺ⣬İƤŲˡ
Ҫ֪岩ɲӺƣӿǾԲ岩ĳٳ֡鸦ֵġ
ǡƬ̡ؾһȺëѧҴڸаɣ
ǣƶҪû⼸ӣ֮ڿ¶ʯˡ
ûԣЩææ⵹Ժȥˡ
ˡһ̾Ȼǽ鸦ѧܾܲʹ˴ˣǾǿɣ
ĵȶʯһЩǷġ
Ͼ쳹ŽȴΪ˹Ľˡ

ʵҲãİƤҲգˡ
ʯѧϿȷʵɹڸе˼ȴΪ˻ؾ
Ҫӣ֪ʯߵĶ޵еĴڡ
ڻؾ
ǺǣȺ岩û˹ʲôӡ
˵䲻ģһ
ϸ˹أӹգͲûһˡ
һŻ˵ŷãǸУһȥȷʵá
ˣǿʯĴĳ̶Ƚȡ
ãҿá
ûǿԴ˭
ϴ󣬵϶ӺʯôҲϸİɣ
⾰ʯڴεܰİƤȳĺ죬˹Ūɴεڶˡ
ŷޣռڶʩкǺ׵ĵطȴ˹˹
ԭģ
˹һʯ
ôţ
ǧ⣬ŷһ޵С
ȻЩȶֻ֪һʯվ̨Сࡣ
ڿƾ١
Ǻǣ˵ӵ궼ʮ꣬ƾɶ
˵Ķ뿼ʿ浱û˰
ʲô£
СİƤһüͷа
ʲô°ɹˣ
ǵڡ岩ҲˡʹΡ
ϱϣϴΣϷֶ
ۣ


ðɣûס
ﲻһ̾Ϣôʲô
ȷҪϴΧ
ȷİƤҰ졣ô벻ɣ
˻ôһ֣Ҫҧѣ
ôʣҲˡ
ҲУ
Ҫ֪Ȼŷսڽڰˣ̵Ӱ֮£ͽ֮ҲһܱԵġ
ʲô꣬϶ǿ֮
ʵġҷֽ
Ҫǵˣɲһô򵥣Ǵŷް;ڽ׵߽⣬˵һʱսҲΪ
ҮɺҲͬˣȻе㲻š
ڰŷʩһһߣһ߽ŷޣ׾ΪС
ںԼˣȷ̫ҽˡ
С
롣



953 ûʧ
䣬۹ϵڽ£ͽԣŷսȻսϲ·磬볹߽ⶫޣռŷȫȴҪһĹ̡
ιԱΪŷްͣΣϱŹĴɣϵˣĿսѾʹγĳƽ⣬ڣȡʲôͻԵĽչ
г࣬Ҫþգʹ֣ãͼ

ǣôһŪҪηҧޡ
ȶˣôأ
ĶռݶŷںĴ齮Ǵκ˹ͺںƿصİ硣
桭
ǺɨǵĴɡ
ҪԸޣǺǣǶذɡ
ǣ˵ѸٽǺ
δοⲻʥƽһξפʿֻ̹кôû鷳
ȣ岩ʼúõĥôɵֵֵã
ȻôԶ׼ġ
ȥȵĴսԲ˵ŷս붫ĶԿֻֽԭʵĻʶ̬ĶԿ
ѧԵΪν̵̵Ľ屳ۡ
ʹ֪˵ǵĽ忪ö࣬ʹ֪ʮһͺ˵ŷȽö࣬Ǽʹ֪򲻹ΣΨа;ǣǶĻֻ̣пס
ΪһǲҲζ̡
ͬĵŷʵȫƿأھ̡
һ㶼ú˼άȥϴԣҲã๫Ҳգı˭
˵ˣѧĸĶ
ʵȡڽͼڡ
ҵ֮Ҳѧĵϵ
ġ
ɷǹأԼΪһ㲻۹Ž⣬ˡ
ǣлɫشн޷ĵشôأ
Ե¾֮
Ҳͬ
ֻȺѡڽ̵ֶνϵԼġ
ûһڽ̣ܿȴĸΣ漣Ľһ׺ĵϵ
ȫµĵϵŷޣ߸ڽͳµİ磬֪µĶУģǿ־壬Ǿ
֮µͳߣôѧأ
ͬĵѧΪԱΪʹûȣľ֮£ҲúܣֻҪ¶ŷްͼ֮ֿɵá
˷ջ󣬲ν

һ㣬岩Ҳһ㣬ֲҲһ㡣
ԥģʮȫ֮Ᵽһ˿ΥĵɣҲҪαһǡ
˼˵ٶдε»֮ãѩ̼
ǣһʮ롭
꣡
䣬ονȴ򣬷ɣϣʾΰ뵺ֻŷͼ
սԿν֮еĶڲĸͻȻŷʧȥ֣ƬռǺ
Ҫ֪һζŴҪͶ֮ǰϵµռͬڽ̣άҵ
ǣû֮°ŷްأ
ΪҳĿǰ״ܲܳŷްͣȿʼ岩
˵İƤڿɰιƣӦзȨˡ
ֻİƤһ˼ȻΪ
Щ£һֱǹģ͵
Що֮ߣԴм
ķս£ݾɻ֧Ӧ֧Ԯŷް͡
ʹ¶۹ֻƾľˣ˹ռıҲһ֮ٵǸ
ҡ岩˶١ξ֮ڴĵʩййԱŲá
ռ˶Ҳûȥӹܣûȥ̻ڣʩ̡
ǡ̲֮ס廰ᣬֲ֪Ҫȶƽŷް˰
岩ͷȷʵҵȾڴˣˣвʡ
ȲһĬ£ȴҽӣֻ˵һ⡪λǿ
Ӻûһ⣿϶˼·ͻأڡ
ʲô⣿
Ϊʲô붫úõȴҪֵһҪҧһڣ

岩ȽǲԣҲɻ⣬˵һٶȷʵ
ȿ֪ӺȻ˵һ϶Ѿơ
ڵӺкβ²⣬ֱ޷
١һ֣˵ȥˡ
ȷʵв²⣬ֻûһʣ໹治۶ϡ
ôһ²⡭
λҿ
ҴζҲ߰Ĺ⾰˰ɣ
ôʱ䣬ӦѾ͸˴εͼҲӦףǣزعͻȾָʥǰɣ
һ˵˵̬붫֮𡣡
ںʹƴףںʹϷսʵϣӸϲųΡ
ߣ
սȻǰƶϡǼٴ߰Ҳܵ˰ɣ
˵
һ֣˼·
ûҲӡ
֮;ƿݣҪѹһͨԱˣ
ԣƷǳͼ֮Ϊ˵ܡ
ϸ˼֮£ĲԴʲô
ʥǣ賯ʥ֮ŷ޺͵кóס
κ͵кϰҪͨ·Ѿγ׽ضϣƽ뵺ͰͶɰ뵺ĵкóҲνʧȥŷóס
µǣΪʵкóаʿ˺壬ڶóװҲʧȥյٹ⡣
˵γװ˵Ĳ·ˡ
£˼ھʿ̹ҲͲǲˡ
Ⱦãڽ޺ãڶó֮зһǵĿġ
˵˼·ȥȻҡ
˵ǻ治ܴӦ˵ˡ
óѾǴεҪԴ⼸˵ִεĲƸռ˳͢յ֮һ˵ʲôҲȾָ
򣬵ǺóҪȣ

͵һȣһ岩һ
һ񶨣ȫΥΨͼķˣѵ
Ϊ˶ǿأҪѺóȥ
ңİƤͲˣƷӴʱð̹ʲô
ʲôıռ˶һ㡣

ӦɳգȵĻöʮ⡣
ǣ
ʲô岩ʶ
岩ж˹ǲȾָóͳ˧ҲûҪ˰ɣ
ûȫİƤѣϣǺóǵĿģӺƵɳǲܽܵġ
ȵȻһЦҪóΣ
ɵۣʲô۶ӣ
ǡİƤʡ
ȵ˽⣬һǲģȻҰѺóóһ֣Ϳ϶б׬ŵ
ʲôŵǾҪνġʲôˡ
ܼ򵥡Ȼȴ̰
βǲܣʹȾָóҲûʲôܴӦ
ǣҪѰ˹ǻ۹еĲȫ׸Σ
岩ɵˡ
ΪƷǶộ
Ҫһ飿
ЦڣӺƣҪ룿
Ǵκ̫ȱɣ
ҡ۾һգգؿ岩һء
ֵʹð곯˰ҲĸԸ
ο֮أ



954 ˴
͸ǻ۹ݣ˹ʱ귭˶ۼᾧ
һò϶һڸûˣԼˣ׷ŹŹ֡
Ҫ֪ѧĺʮ˼ܽᣬȻѧȻѾ൱ĳɾͣ˶ҲΪڸѾԶԶԽ˰͸ǻ۹еĲ顣
˵ǻ۹ݵĲûҲֻܵο֮á
ǣȱϾֻһˣǧ֮ĶҲϾֻƬģжϲġ
ЩǧǻۿΪã캺˵ĿѧЩǿˡ
ΪϵδĳʱܿܳΪǰİʯ
ǰ͸ǻ۹еĲȴȻǼȫ硢ȫ༸ǧǻ۵ۼơ
ﲻȻѧѧѧĵѧ鼮ѧڽ̡ҽѧ鼮˵ǰС
˵ŵĻǺִɣҪӺƹµĴԽǿöࡣ
ȻȵĽǶǻ۹ݲҲȫܶҲĵ
ǱϾһ澵ӣһ˴찡
ţֻҪǻ۹ݱãЩ̵ŬԺ˵ǻһȥɣ侫һôνһٷչȫʱ
ԣϧһдۣҲҪǻ۹ݴӰ

Ӧǣ
һ뵽Щ˼ӵиǿȡ
ǺͼΪΣ֮ǰЩҲȫ֮Ժˡ
ֻҪɳտϽǻ۹ݣ˳˶кη

岩֪˵ЩζʲôȻҲ޷ʱеǷݷ
ǶƷӵ˽⣬֪¶ʱûԹңڴΣ˵һ˭ָ˵أ
ȻӺҪǸʲôǻ۹ݡϷ˽ǣǼڴٳɴ£벻ᷴ԰ɣ
ǡȸЦİɣɳռǮۿĺܣж⣬Ļںһǻ۹ݣ
һ뵽ôĶѾʮþȣʱãӶֵˡ
Ǿͷھһˡ
Ҳá
岩Ҳӣ˵ŻǱȣֱȥ̸ȥˡ
һĿ๫뿪ȣ񼡣
Ҫ֪ȲµѾ꣬䣬ӡȿǺ㿪ˡ
ȵ۸ӺеΣеȨͬʱҲʵʵɳɵѹļͷ
̫ˣ۵ѾȥЦ
ô𣿡
𣿡Ȼϲ˵ĺܡ֪˹ǻ۹ô𣿡
ô£˵˵治֪һʲôرġ
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ӣһ£ȻѶˣ˲ӣҲǰ״
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˵СƽͻƹĻôоôأ
ԣһʱ
ǻ۹ݵԴҪ׷ǰ
ʱİ﷢֯ԨѧߡңԹߵĸ߶һŰϣӡȡ˹ǡϣȵȹŹȫɰġ
֪ζʲô𣿡
֪ãȻҡͷ
ʡ࣬״ʷٶ˽⣬˵ЩҪζʲôӺûи
ζţ¼˺ѧ˾£ʷеĶʢǻ۵ĳЩᶼƿأڰ͸ǻ۹֮У
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ô˵ǻ۹ȷʵͦ˵ġ
ǣе˵̫Щѧô
Ӻ񰡣ĳʡô껹һ𣿡
ҪС˰
Ҳԡͷ
֮󣬺ȷʵʱߵ壬Ҳ˵ʮȫʮںܶ෽棬ĲȺ˲
ǼȻǻ۹˵ã˻ԹԵؽ𣿡
ǺǡȹһЦ
Ϊ˲лᰡ
ԭӶƨ

ҪһȴʡǰӰһһ̽ͷ̽ԡ
Ȳһ飬ΪǲǱˣǺӡ
˲æӭſڡ
Ӵ磿ôˣ
ɫһ࣬ǡ

ֻӴ˴֣ȻıŤ
ȱ𼱡
ǡǼСڣǻˡ
ͷۡ
һŶ̾Ȼ
Цõ˭ҵľ¥ǰ˭ҵү£
ӵ๫ӡ
ãȳԼĸС쵰ôôʡأԼ˶Źˡ
˵ɣĸСӣ˭
ôʵĴң漰İƤӣҪֻԼĸ˵ЩҪǡ
費ҲǺְɣ
ҪҲϽȥǾ鷳ˡ

ںֱﲻס֣ڳ߳ƣǼ
Ǿҽҽඣ
ѾǿЦ̸ˣƼǡ赱С赱СС˵Զ¡
һʮһͣ辢ȵӺй֮޲
ֱ첻Ϸߣ첻ŪѾǹԵˡ
Ҫǰ³ﶼǵĶϰնỳɣǲƴһʱûסĸСȱˡ
˵ӺưӺƣŲߣܣô͹ܲԼҵļأ
ĴǷݽңǾˡСߵĶôܲĶ
ƼС衢裬ϷʼҵĴӷƽүıӡҲǼ˼ĵĶӼïһӢѩʥ˸Сںųơ˴ÿӰ룬ֱ˲ࡣ
ôܵˣ
ʵûסЦ
๫ҵģӺƿҪඣ
İƤҲĻ̣ҵСҲˡϧ๫ߣҪڵ
ó岩Ťʲôӡ

ûصһΨ²ҡ
ֻҲûӣתӣô£
ӵҹңһʱûסﺢ͵͵˴ܵˣؼȥֶ
ʲô¶ɣרְ庢ӡԼҵĹŮɶϧտȴҪƼĸڣһ۶ܷɡ
Ȱ׷ʱ๫ҵСѾԿˡ
˵Ҳһ
ߣѽҲϷҶǵ£
ɵˡ
ҼҶɣҲڣ
Ӵһֹ֣ҲڣļСӰ죬˴򣬳˿ųͷġ
ˣˣӺʱˡ
Ц˼أ˰죬ͷҶɵģǺã
Ӻưһǰץסȵĸ첲¡ùܰ
ҹү
һɣ߳ȥôղžֵ
û취˭̯ôʡĵأ
һ̾ԺӵȥļǺͻĸ˵
˵ЩʱԵл
갡ΪĸӣȵˡĸܱۡˣҲһˡ
û룬Űҡͷ
²С
ţһšüͷôУ
ӺƻȥһؼӰɣ
һˣҵ׸簡㻹Ĳ󣿡
ؼĿҪ¶棬Ժ
ǡӾһź
Ҫǡ
סǡǡҪǡȶż
ûֻôյȶߣҪǣټҲؼӡ
գǰһڣûιȥ
˵ǰºӴ𼱻˵ôˣôŤԭ
滹Ĺ



955 
ôﻹϽӵܵȥأ
һͷۣѹټҲǣˣǾ͸鷳ˡ
Ҫ֪ӺưѳֳСʵ۵ķѾˡ
û취зҪֻԲ볯Щ⡣οǸ֮£ҪһЩˡ
˵ˣȲ˼Һӹ˼ȻҲӺù

˵ҲãҲգ๫ЩѨ֮Ȼû£ɶٻӰһЩȵС
룬ϲ̫¿ʵ
ԣƽʱԣżɳ£Ǹȥɢġһ㶼һֻ۱һֻۣܡ
ʹʱ˵̣Ҳ˵ʲôӲ
ڿɺãƼСһֵؼȥˣҪǴȥǻˣ
ͳݹټɥ־ķϳˡ
İѿڶҰС쵰
˵Żľߡ
ͺĬĬظں棬ȵıԹȴ˭Ҳûҽӡ
ôӣǰС쵰еʥϡ
ΪʲôҲţǺǣҶҲǻ֮һܲ


һߣؼӡ
ƹϰ亹ûֹסŵӣʮϷ̨ʱȫͣˣȫǳ⼸λСүġ
ʵ¼򵥵ĺܣ˴ϷײļҵĹӴһǶǲ๫ҵĶɡ
ƼϴȻԹۣӺ๫Ͼǹȥˣ¼ҵȻҲΪԼˣǾǰĹۡ
ĹҲԴ⣬ͻȻĳһ䣺ﶼûеҰ֣һȥ

ôһ䣬˴ֱըˣŮ궼ְĹ˸һĹӴǰ˾Ȼû˸ȥ衣
˴£˭ҵҲʲôͷ
ƼĸͲ˵ˣǵƷӡ
衭
ټҵ׸磬ƷӵСӡ
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㶯ԣϻġߺӼҳ
ƽ
ˣүԴλ֮ѾרְġߺӼҳˡ
ֻʣһʥûʲôͷǶе˶֪ľޡ
ͷ̫ˣӢꡢ˵һʱ·ˣ
ѩѴȫµʱ˶˺ӡ
Ķ㶯һԣĭӶ㡣

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˴ĹһᣬֱĹʵܲס򣬵¡
Ȼˣֻôһ£ϰҲͲųˡ
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ֻӺƿ֮ǰٽ֦
񰡣ϽλүŪ߰ɡ
ڶķԸȴǾƫƫ⣬͵վһӰŵϰûϡ
ﰡһʱûע⣬λүôҲ
ǡ
Ҫ°

վλ˭أ
Ǳˣѹʵ֮ӣΨһһȫˡ
˵һӱڵĲӾүѾ˶ʮˣѲٹ⡣
οӺֻ죬޳ңһӶ㻹㲻ôǰأ
ʵϣһҲȷʵ͵
ԴȵȥڣЩȷʵСĵúܣ´ȨյƷҲһӡ
ȳ¶һ¶棬Ǽǲŵġ

ǻ˵ǹ͸Ĳ˳ʺ⻰һû
ѾʮˣҲǿʦүһġ
ȥƷӲӲ϶ûӣǺϡ࣬Ϲϣִ˲ƣ
ϰ嶼ˣкȻ֪ټڴˣǾԲ⡰⡱֮ײƷӺһµġ
¡һȺСӣĿ֮ʲô֣
һ£һСȫһ֮ͬеһҲһ顣
˵һɤӣ⡣
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Ļ˵ɣͽˣ
Ƿ֪꣬ûʲôģһ˦֣û£øȥɣ
Ӵüͷһˣ
ƹ˵˵ؼӵܲܽ˰
ƹ񣿡һϰûíˣк
Ƕɵվ𻰣

ϰˡ
ȥƨţҲܷ˽ȥ


956 һ¶
Ҳ֪ǻȥˣͼıﻰͲû˵Ļ֮ǵټˡ
зǰﾾһ಻ɵļʽ

ƹƹȴطû취һתֿĹӡ
˵ɣүүҲ࣬ôһӸ۸ˣ
岮·ƽ
˵ذô岮浱СүǶ尡
ڵۿۿ
ĶĶȥСүҲܹܵģ
٣˸ƨɣӶˡ
๫ûôͳ˵𣿡
˭һͷɨ
ʮˣûΣ̳ܲġ

֣ǻ߰ɡ
һǸ׶ȥˣö಻˴
˵ŻɣС˴֣նðҵȾ͡
û˵꣬͵һקק
˵ķ𣡣
ǺǣλүӲ󣬼ȴСƽȵǶһվһСӣ浱ү֪Ǵʲô˼
˭ǲǼҴ˾ţŸ裡
ָɵıֺ֪ɣ
˼һпɽûأȥ׼Ⱦܣٲҳ棡
˵ʢܲüȥˡɵһĻ󣬼ϰȶӶת߷֡
̧ӣȥ뿴ǲƷӣֻǼү
ɣȻ䣬Ⱥ֮һС
һ٣ͷȥƼҵŮꡣ
ʱüšһţ΢΢ҧ´Сģˡ˼˶
ɣôߣӣǾͲһôˡ
ɵʱһۣŮ˶࣬ԣ
ҡҲ䡣ó˵·ǺúΪ
ǺСүҴˣۣСүվҲҪǵϵף
ԣСͨ졣
ƽʱˮ𣬿ǽŷ֣һﲻᣬұҪ
ǲɵһšڼ㣡
һ㶣ʶһЦڴؿ
ϵˣеʱһʺš
ǡڴʱһ΢紵һ¶ŸһǣǰÿΡ
ⲻҪһһûг
ټң
Ҳأ̫εسһЦ¶Ű
￩һһȫˡ
ʱһһָ򣬡˵ң
Ǳ껹֪ؿŸ棬ֻڷӦ
һУ˼
գ³һ֣
ϣ

ҲãƷ硢Ҳգïƽʥ󣬶һ
򣬴˭
Ǹ˵ˣⲻ»ֶã
Ȼ򣡡졣
ˣҿɲɣ
ϣϻ
ãߴһۣʦô죿
Ǿϰɡ
Ǻһֽ֮£˴ӵϣͰΧ

ǰСӣҲʮС̲ʮһȴǳ׳ǣûҲܲסһȺǰ
Ȧߣ˾Ȧߡ
ѧ˶յȥһײһɨ˾ſˡ
СϲһţҲͳʧȥ˷
Ǻ˴ϸΧһȦϵ¼Ҷɿߵĺˬ̲סҲС
һģذʱûҶֵļҲûס
һ𣿡
һ𣡡
Ҫȼʱϵһȫˡ
ҲҪзϡ


еûף˵岩ҵĹӴôһ
ɺԼǼС쵰֣粢磬Ȧеһأ
׵̲סǡ
ͷҲأصزһţǳʱڣһ¶⣡
ͷһԼӣһ֣ȵȻ
ϡݺݵһŲȥϾ꣡
٣ȻˣӶǻͣ
أ췴
ס֣һȡǣ
ҿ˭Ҷһ£
ðɣƷӷȵһСӲòͣˡ
Ҳ֪ˣü۵ͣ˵һߡ
ȵһǣ˼ǵȻٺˡ
תͼǰǸ꺺ӣϻڵλ̨ееﰡ
Сܽޡ
һ룬ڷֲԡ
ʹͷɢףǣ˺޵ôϲ
򣿣
ʶؿϰ廤ŵŸתֿ˿˵¾Ͳ˰
ţǱݹһȫˣһɡ
ͨһˤصϡ
Ⱦƶ£Ӵô㰡


957 
һתԭȰܣŮƣȴȫˡ
Цؿ򣬡Ӵô
̧ͷһİ
ðɣһأûš
һƷӣʱ
ɣ
Ŷȷţ̧ͷɨܡ
һҪôյͦ밡
Լĸǻʥ衢ƽïء¼Ҷɡ

ɨСһ㣬±ȿ
һǱߣһĶӣһӡ
ЩСӣֻҪһĶˡ
ټһƦ򣬼ֱ竴ᣬһ䡣

²룬һﲻµĺӴܣǿЩСʲôˣǾѰζˡ
һ⣬ȫǹϵĵس
ƫƫټһƫƫﻹӺ棬Ⱦͱȥ롣
ɣ
ɣ
ʱĻ˵ڶ𰸣ˣһӵô۵ġ
š֧ӡԸɰɣ
Ŀ󣬲һһʮͷΪۡ
һۣȵĿӣȫ޻ң̬
ؼǣ
ȳôôأ
˭ҵĺӣ
ƺϵȻ֮ȿڵͬʱһҾаۡ
壬
պ
üͷšĸһЩõ顣
ֻźֵҸЦˣ
Ȼ
һ̾»Ĳˡ
ҧ˺һۣȴûнӻ
һǰ£һָĻǲǺ뿴Ӻ˭
ҡ
Ƕ֪Ǹ֪
ǣ˵
Ȱ̾ȵľԹѾǶǰˣֵҲ÷˰ɣ
ͷȴƸˣȫҶȶϸô׷£
Ų£Ҳ÷£͵һɡǲ£ӰǷ£
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˵Żǳؼӣȴûͷ
Ŀ뿪֮ת򺫼壬ǲһΪβߣ
ֻ嵭Цһģȴһһġ
ŶζҲЦˡ˵˵ôһ
СֶؾʦԼֻ˵ѡһڣȴû뵽˴ôֵһȥ
Ŷȵͷ
⻰˼
һǣҪѡһֵĵط˽ı֮⣬Ļ̹
һ㣬Ǹȣطѡģûϵ
뵽Ȼվֿһۺ壬̾ȮӰ
תԼŮߣȴһʹôûжԱȾû˺
ʱһҹȥ
Ŷ
һСûʵӦæܣȸ⡣
ҲһҪס
Ķȥ
ٺ١һ֡⻰˵ģȻǻع

ҪǴͥڣûûεġ
ָָӺ棬˼ǣˣô죿
ŶŶŶŷӦ׵ܸܵˡ
Ҳˡ
ͷˣ
һݻҲǴ󲽳ؼӣ׷ĸС쵰ȥ


һ·޻ͷ˻ɽ
´֮ʱʵûסֻ˵һ䣺Сˣиȣ
Ʒ硢̱ͻȻôһһʱûӦʲô˼ҪȴǱͷϻһˡ
ȥԷɣǼأ
ˣֻҲ֪˭ʦ
ûôߺӵİĻһ䶼ˣ
Ͻȥ£үү
ٰʱ뷢԰ףͣ˼Ѿʮ䣬ȴûõ۷硣
ߣϽģһ˶ء
ľһ黮ţĸһѼҸϡ
һﺢȻɴ⣬һȥ
֮ǰ˵үүϣϺݺݵһ¡
үү֪
˵ŻҲܿˡ
ٰ֮ܵסСѾͷ⾢ͷҪۼֿţЩ˵
ǼˣлЦŨŨ·ôҲһ㡣
ļӣһ߷ʦⲽһ̲סԹСʱûôš
ͳ̾һȥЦݡ
߰ɣʦмͷأ
ҡתȡ
СҪǶˣЩϵҲѰˡ



958 
СҪǶˣϵģѰˡ
һ仰ȲɵöŷүҲһͬͣ¡
ʦͽ˾ͣڽֵУȺ

ģֳһ˿ѣֺγ֪أ
һ˵ϵЩس˭ֲ֪أ
жϳϵЩڹֻ̣ܽΪһ㡪
ƽ⣡
ôһˣһȺȫռˣǺ˵ĵ֮
ǣα֮ڣս֮ʱÿһλö൱ҪÿһڶʧֻѡεˣûѡνĺôָЩȷء
չã฻ֲⲻ˵Ҳ֪ȵˡ
˾˾⡢ʡķϵĵࡢӢȣŲ֮еƽ顢ˣĹ㡢ԡӼꡣ
γãﵽҪɫȵˣǹϵıǩټҶֻӺġ
ô죿
ҪЩѳִȨ֮˵һǾžޣǳ˹ϵĳ˻л·𣿸ͷûˡ
ԣͷٿ
Ϊʲôʦ֮ڣʡĵ竼ǹ˵
ΪʲôʮķͶ˺Ϳͷ
ǹܲúӣҲûе

γЩȷʵȻϣǣ൱һ˵ЩǹⷱپҲմϰϵ
γڷٱʵһǣҫ֮һ˿
ƽ޷Ŀǣʵǡ
ӿɽ
£ʦ֪ˣ
Űûϻش𣬶Ųӻǰ
˵һЩ
Ҫý°
ȵͷ뵽ˣֻ
ֻЦˣֻ벻ͨ˭ΪУ𣿡
ȵͷĬϡ
̽򣬹Ӧ䣬б
ԣĿԲ󡣡
Ǹκӻû˭ʱΪˡ
ЦĻʲô
Ҳκ
Ŷȴвͬʦܻ֪糯Ѿϱˣټ׷ȱ
оһ׷͢
һ֪ⲻ׷ô򵥡
̫͢ڱȥģҲҵƷ̫ڵľϣҲκôҪΪƽĸڡ
κֶˡ
Ǻǡ
͸Цҡͷ϶κΪ
ŶΪʲô
ӺȱΪʲôͿŽϵȺƽ޾
Ϸֻ㣬ǰκΪζݻ
Ȳ˼ȥΪ
ãκù𣿡

ȻȵȥΪ˰£ûиϾɱ
֮ƣӺƸ죬ǰκɵôʱѻʯأ
Ҿ仰˵Ѿ˳ַ꣬ꡣı֣ҲãټҲգ鲻֮һ͢һأ

ȳԣһζŵ˭˷ˣûʦ͸
ʦãҪ׷ۼȻκʹֺأ
һ̹̽Ȼһ޹ؽҪˣһ޹ؽҪ£һԹټʲôӦʲôӦ
ȣ£ЩĻ𣿡

ҵɵӰͲһ̾
ʲôĻʹʲô˭
㣬֧ߣ˵ĵ
ҪıҪʹĶ˽ģȻȻҪվΪѲһˡ

Ȼǵͷͼ̾
ڳϣһȥ֮û˷԰ɣûΪ̫˵һ仰ɣ
ģֻҪһӾͿˡ
ڹ̺ܽҲã㲼ϳҲգȥǽ
˵ȲҪڣ

ڿڣǣû·
ԣͼҪһ֡
ô֡ڳС
ķ򣡣
ǹأ
ǵ
֮
㡭Ӯ𣿡


Ӯ𣿡
ãȻǰߣǡɽŴ
ʥʯϣ˶ʮĹԺѵ͵
Ϊ
Ϊ
Ϊʥ̾ѧ
Ϊ̫ƽ

Ϊ
̫ƽ
ʮǰʥ
˵Ųͬ塣
һʼһ׳־ĿʼһΰʱĿʼ
ʮȥĪ⣬½Ա䣬Ψġ
ɹ֮𣿣

Уаҡͷ૵
Ӯˡ
һʱ֮ʢ꼻һ֣кա
أ


959 
޴ڵĹ
ֹһ˵ǿءǻ۴Ӷġ
˭뵽һ죬ԼҲ˲ƹؾ޷ĵزˡ
ǣôΪϼ̫ණ̫Ѫᣬòϣ춯ء

ʥʯǵľ䣬ǰɸֳһһӰ
ʵ˫
¹
ѩ壻
ڻµ߹
Ե¸գ
ֵáĶʦ
̧ױϵĺ
ܻؼҵԽ
Ӫ
򺣡
ÿһΪδ㾡ѪѵĺˣǧǧϣĴΰա
Ȳˣһ˵ǰҲǹߡ
ȲˣһʮѪ֮ɷɻҡ
Ȳˣһ
ͲƷӣ

ҪӮȿʥʯĵ﷢һͺ
һҪӮ
ħɻ
ôӮ
֪ӲײǽĲӣɻ벻ҪôŤתģΪС
ˡˣ͵ľҲͬˡ
ĹˣΪѾˣ
ȵ飬൱ЦȪӣ
ȺǺʦ˵
ʦ쵹ˡ
ʲô
Ĳ䣬ٱ䡭ȷŷɽ·
Ҳվһʱ֮䰡


ͻȻںڸʱй˵һͣ͵ĵ۹
޶żʷѧ̩Ҳй˵йǧ궼ڡ״̬
ȻֽͣͲָĻͿƼǣ״̬
ǰһֱΪĸ⣬ѧ·ǣЩֻϲ⣬ĸԭ
ڡ
ԣ
ֱ죬ֱ޹ؽҪȴ԰⵹ıһ˵ĹأȲ͵ʶʲôԣʲôǺ˵Ĳڡ
˳񣬻רศɣ´Ʒ־ñغϡϾñطֵ
˳񡱣벻ĸ塢ĸһʻ㡣
ֻ֪˳ӣѾ׼κȨͲǰͷ
ԣֻ̫һܵĳͶ¡
ԣ£ȥŮǮҲҶô֮һս
ԣأʮգζɱһɱͿ죬ֻƾʮ˾ƿڵԭ
ԣվ֡
úԼڿӰԼˡ
˳ӡ̣Ѿӡ˹İպԱŷ£
͵ʶǴΣƺй
ԡѪĴӢۣһƽͿӵġ
Ҳ
ҲƸΣӪдЩʵӰ£ȼһ桭
ǣĳĴ֮ʱأ
ȵѣ澳֮ʱЩֽ˳ڲϣȻ󡭡



ô˵ʲôˡ˳ʣ˳˼άأ
ȻǺǻ۵ĽᾧĴзиٱġ
רƶȣ
ʹΪͳߣҲòһһεĸ̾˵ͳǻʵ̫ˡ
иۣоܵƣӴϵԶԾӵ׷ߡ
ִغݱǧ꣬Ƶרϵѱ˳ܰѲԭǱɿŹ
ò˵˳Ӱͳ߹ӴĹҡǴӸԶġͳߵĽǶ˳ӣݱĸֹأĶǺõ𣿾û
ȻȲͬ
ҲǸǧҪģɾеǸǧ
һ˳ӵġͣ͵ġǧ
Ϸ뿴ҪôӮ
ͻ벻ͨκεʤ㡣
״¹棿
ҡͷõ£ġĹǡ
ûбһʦ𣬡ĵӿɲç򡣡
Ǻǡͱȶˡɲôøġ
㵹˵˵Ҫôķ
һʼ磬֪
֪
ܻ֪ġ
˵˵⵱Ҫƾְɣ
ʲôְȰǰ˵ɣ
ˡ˵ȡ
ʦ֪˭վ𣿡
˭
壬Ķӣ
Ǻǡ
ԣظЦ֮ҡͷ
ɹȻǷˣʱѡĻǺð
Ŷ
һüͷʦⷴӦ׼
ʦôһ㶼أ
ĳ룬һϷʲô
̽뻳ţǰ͵ˣʲôģ

ȿŷϡܣϡ֣ʱˣϻ費ҪҲеóڣ
Թ¶һ˿֣Ҿ˵
Ŵµɣղôô񣬰һһһ㶵ġ
Ϊδء
ԭ
ԭ׼
ȥһ˦֡С쵰ôʦ˵أ
ٺ١ЦСˣʮˡ
ǰͱȹ˻䡣
꣬ƼǶϷţƤʱ򣬲ôһ󡭡
һתۣʮˡ
ʱ䡭찡
ȵĲæȥɣϷԼܻȥ
˵ţ⣬ʱ䣬еæˡ
Ȳȥš
ģܹǻһܵء
ţһͷаţ
û𣿡ȵЦ
ûǾѾȥв٫˷ˡ
Ҫ̺ϣ͸ɻ
˼ҿǺüûڳ¶ˣڳ𣿡



960 ʡĵĵ
ʮǰһ籩ϯá
ݹµһѪ̣֮ĳ
ȻһѣһǶȥĻͬʱҲһɳʯ
˾ʹ˳٣ʸ־塣
ȻҲ֣һܴģ֮ͽ
ʮǰʹǹٵʱ򣬺ҲôһţҲԡܡǫҲмĻ·볯Ӱ;
ԣںɹʱʮôһţһ㶼⣬ҲþȻ
˵ˣһѾĥƽ˺ǣĹͷֻǸӪͰˡ


֮ǡʱӡ֤˷ͺȵĲ²⣬ȷаŻ
ϧȾ࣬಻ԴС׸㣬ввķ
áһ־ɱУһȫ
ԣ̺ϸѾڸɽ·ϡ
γ޷ˣҲһЩجج֮ͽûô£Ҫ֤һ籩֮Ϯˡ

ѷʦͻլӣޱĻƼС¥ֻȲ˼ҵ
һͼŸлҳһʲ֪ɸȥˡ
ɨһȦܾٵʲô
ĸСأôǻؼ
һˣ֪ĸǻˡ
ôˣ¶һܵݺСȥˡ
٣ѹסˡ
ô˻ַȥˣ
Ҳλӣ۾ͳݺ
ﻹڶķԸǺúýС쵰ɡ
һ֣ȴȼΪ⡣
ûǰͼǻһõľϣԼҵĸڣƽʥҲڡ
һ࣬ȴǲ֡
棬ŹȥҪܸʲôá

˽ؼӣ
˵
ʥڼΪӵʱʹˣǹԺţֶԼϷţСӽȴû
ţֶӣƷ縴˼
̧ۿƽ磬ţɺͬɣǹϵôؽһȥˣ
ƽҡͷҲ㲻ʶꡣ
˵СһŮһ˼һҲûԴʹ
ֻԺǸţԶЩɣǿǱˡ
һ㶣Ȼȷʵ̫ˣ˵еܲˡ
˸ǣ
ô˵ҵһ¶ʥüͷ
ţĴòƺĹϵһֱڷ¥￴һԾơ
ֱ
ʱըˡֵܼ֮УƢǻ𱩡
Ҿ˵һˣ֪ԭţҵڱСүѵ
˵ŻҪվɱţңйͷ֮ߵļơ
ˣüס硣
Ծǳģȥмơ
вߣСõĻġ
Ĺĵ£Ҿ벻ˣǼͼʲô
ҳǲùǼʲôô
һԴˣʲô׵ģ˭֪ţ죿
ڹԺ˶ʮˣ·žͷءöǹģŲٶûϣ޵ľ۵ĵ
һ£ⲻǳģǳ۵ġ

ȶں涼ɵˣ˵ҶӹŮ
а¾Ͱ¿͸ˣСԴ϶ʹ
ţٺٺ̲סɵ֡
ģ˭ֲԼҵ޳Ϣأ

ǣ컹ûϣǱߵĵù˵ˡ

۵ҲǣƷ翪ʼԹ
ôùռˣٸ˼ôȥɾͲֹţһඡ
㶮ʲôûǺ硣
үү˵ˣ۵Ǹɴµˣû취ݲˡ

ЦĸŨؼʱ̣׹ŮѴ
ϧ
ˡ

Сȱ꣬žһ̾װϳɡ
Ҳȷʵʡĵġ
ɲƽ͡ҵҲʡģСүװɵġ
ƫͷ꣬Ժô죿
ǲǵСĵ㣬ץ˰ѱ
үүģ۳ȥͳȥþͼ¡
أ˿ǲýոջºݻҪԼء
ˡ껺Ҳͳ˵㣬˲ˣһء
ȴǲߣֻһ㣬Ƿᣡ
˵ɡþֵ֪÷ˡ
ήҲУҲУƣ
ø첲ⶥ˶㻹ȥҸһȥòãʡھ
ҲȥҲȥƷҲ˾񡣡ɴǶȥһˣɢɢġ
ͬȥƽҲ
ǼʡĵĵԼȥɣСүźˣ
ԣԼϹȥɣңȥ

ȣȿȣ
Ⱦãóˡ
Ҫ⼸С쵰ȥʹӲʡĵĵɶˡ



961 Сް
Ǻڵģôӱǵӣ·ںҲټ
ȿȿȣʹɤӣ𡰼ҳļ˳ȥ
壡
塭
ƽʥһȣ͵ʶһ
ƽǲһƷ磬˼ǣطץ˰ɣ
ƷҲίһ
˭֪˼ôǷ׷ˣ



ϵ
СҲվӦ
ӴһüͷȲܷƽʥ
֪ǵ
һŲߵǰ
˵˵
ղ˵Ĳͦ𾢶𣿡
һ죬СԴ֪ղ˵Щ϶ȥˡ
ˣô˵ѽ
죡
һɣӴ͵ǰһţ˵˵㣬˵˵㡭
˼ҵĹŮǵСްãרŸ
һ㶼£һһ䣺
ŮǱ˼ҵĺá
㣡ȱһ仰˵һ֣Ų㣡
򡣡СȥͲҵã
ҡһ᲻á
ɥһܵӷ֣ŮȻ᲻á
ѽ˳˶֪ɡ
ȣͷһ¡ƾ˵㱦Ůѽ
ԹбһԼӣԼ˵Ұʡ˶鷳
£ϲ䣬ȴ
׵ӦӦݣ쾭⣡
ô𣿡
ҪǴȥ
ŶƷǰټһʡĵġҪҪˣ
ٺ١װɵƵĸЦ²Ϊ²Ϊ
ϵķƽʥƷ硢ֱ̣ﲻס֡
˭뵽˵һȨµƷӣڼȴʮһСѾͷõأ
òϣС˵ı£Ҫϵڶû˸ϵһ
ѾûƢ
ѽʹϴһ£߷ֳ磬𱸡
ͻ۸
˭˵ģһС°͡ŮҲԵÿ
˵ؼӣôɵƯɣ
㻹ᣡֵ۾꣬Ӱһ顣
˭ǰѹټŪģЩɴ
ƽһ죬ǻʵҪ˭ס
ʱѷƽȥǲ裬ɶ
ðɣƽûӣȥһȵĿ⣬˼ǣɡ
һתô˵
ô˵
ټסѾڹ⿪ˣס˰ɣ
ʱǺһ棬磬ŪĺͳƵģƽ¼ɲǣ
һ
ݺݵֵһۣʲôʱ㶼
겻û˵أĿɻ׵
˵ŻСǽһ⣬ˣգװһٺô򣬹

Ȱһ֪̾ҪһѾͷǲưոݵġ
ǣôأ
˵ʵ괦ȷʵƯ
ĳϣôˣȫˣԼҲֻзһ취ˡ
ǣԼܶ־ͱƱƣֵСϣϣܸһЩˡ
ΪԼĿ޶úöԵ̬ǵ档
Ҳ¸׽ìܰɣ
°ɣȺԸȥõ
һ㶣׵Ҫһߺһ߿䣿
üӡ
˵꣬ˣꡣ
Ů滰Ǽٻ
һ˵ʵڵģƽʱĸǻĻûô
ʶȻ滰
áȵͷ滰ǣĺã
ǶҲֱӴȣЩܵȥ
ǣԣ
ԣû̫
Ȼ˵ĺãϵҲ˵ôɣԣִӺ˵أ
ҪʣȴžƺһƱܻˣ׷ž͸
˼ǣܹˡ˷ᡢӢŴ󲮡Ҳˡ
հѾƷ£ͳһѶ˹ȥԹĶ죺
Ƕڣʲôư
٫Ǵ֣٩ǳˣѴɳҪƽˣ
ȴЦã
ɨԸҿҲȥȡëó϶⡣
ת˵ˣһǾڵ̿鲼ȾΣ
ð
˷ѾͷףһӣԻͶʮǰһһ㲻ϡ
ҿͦãþûôˣ



962 
ȵģǶڣ⼸˾һ˵ɴûûģС˲á
ǲܹ˵ڳֲȵӣֻϸĲá
һ򣬾С֮УҶ֮ϣһŴ󲼣ϾˮϹˡ
˵ҲľˣɴڵϣôɽҰζ

ƽﺢҲʣʹ˸ɫҪ
ĳ룬Ȳ
ߣ£

ûף˼Ҳ֪ǳһ
Ҫ֪̺ϸɽ϶Ҫ㡣
³٫˵˼Ƚ͵ǵȵһиҪĻҪͼСġ
˵Żӣ°ɡ
СǸղŲʲôзԣǰɣ
һ˵һ߰ڿƱʼơ
ãȻΪʲô˾Ƿˣ𣿡
šͷҲ˵ѽĺá
ȷʵĺáȻش𡣡ǣǲңõľͲԣ
ΪʲôšСüëΪǴˣǺ𣿡
ǡ
ʲôʥΪǴл
Ҳǡ
ȿӣΪƷӣǲǣ
˭˵ģС裬˴£


ϯλ޲׻˵ĺãȮӣӺƵȷʵǷ辢ʮ㡣
̾
ֻȳ̾һĻͷȴͻȻԼ
ӣæڳӪȨȴû̵Լĺӡ
㻹֪С졣
Щ꣬ææ⣬γʲôܣûܹ飬ӵûԹ
ҡ
֪һһץס׿͸֡ھͲϡ
ӣҾͽ̽ǣ͵ʡĵĵϵĵһΰɣ
ã˾
˵ﻰ͢ĹԱԼӽСƽ͡ʦǡ͡ȴûϹһء
˷Ҳһ壬ɵˡɨϻƣɶû˽ˣ
ĳ룬٫ͺúĥһʮ˰ɣ
ԴӶһ˳˹ûѧˡ
ѾȲˣ˵˵Ǻôһˣ
ȳһ
ΪƷӣǲǣ
ΪҪһӣȴҪǾӣ



Ȼһ䣬Ϊ֮һࡣ
ӾĻδš
ֻȼǵĵٵһ̻ꡢĴΡ
ֻзӲŸȥȣҲֻзӲſԴƾϰ
ֻзӲС
ԣҳƷӡ
ȵӣĿüӲɴ˸
Ҫңңң
ֻβнľ档
ǡ
Ŀһһ˹ңҲİ½һ
ԣεķҪӵСάȥ
𣿣
ȳȻĿżӡ
ҿԷ裬ΪҪΡ
һ˲ܷ裬ΪεĽǼϣ
𣿡
ˡ꿴Ÿףصͷ
ǰֻ˵ʦ˵İ˵ĸǶôôôôΰ󡭡
ֱ죬һڴۼᵽ׵ж಻ףôΰ
ԺһЩ
ǡ̲ˡжɷ˼Ҷ۸ͷˣǻ
֮ҲһǶ۰ɣЩ£ӵовͨǵȭͷ֪ۣ
ȴ֡ҵɵӣΪѪһӿ첻µزµӲǾͽжɷİ
˵ŻѾõƱƵкǰ
뵱жɷ򣿡
ʲô뵱ƢԼҲšǱǣ
ãȴȣһָƱǸ
ٽ̽ʲôжɷ򣡡

һӣʶ͵һ۾׿ʱή
סҺȾơ
ȷЦܲܺȾƶԼʲôжɷ򣿡
͵һۣûϵԺȣҿԺ
Ⱦͺȣ̱ѾͷˣƱﵹ
к̶ˣҲ˺󣬶ͺȡ
⣬Ǿ׿ȴˣƷ硢Ÿʮһ꣬ǺȾƵͣŵĵҪʲô
ҪֹȴǱһѹ
ţһĵ

һߣ٫˷ἸһɵۣǼʶˣôӵģ
Ӻⲻǲܣ浽ܵʱֶζͱ˲һ


кѾƱ£Ʒζĵһƣֿˡ
˾ƣǾǳˡӽٲǺӣǳˣ
ʱð⣬ǳˣ
ԣȵͷ
ѧһˡ
ǣ֪ʲô𣿡



963 
ʲôˣкȤˡ
ǣ˵ﻰȲô
ǹˣȻǰһ޾пյʱһʮ꿪ʼͱһһ˼һˡ
Ϊˣȶͯʱⲻ׷䣬ź
Щ꣬Ȼ²ԭ򣬿ǸģԼĺӱʮź
޼ɵķ֣ƺĴٷ֪ѣԺԤ׵ز߻һԶС
ҰҺޡ롢ҳе
Щ˵覴ãǲƸ
˵ף̫ṳ́븴ӻҰĳ硣
ϧС
ӺƵĶӣ̫ǲòܵΣ̫̫˶ʤơ
ǣ˸֮һ̹޼̸
ʲôˣ
о֮ء
СӴʳ俪ʼ·ԼľˣѾʼáˡķʽ˼
ƽڼȵأ£Ǿˡ
ȵЦɵֶӣôмܶأأ
Ҿãη壬ǿŽˡ
Ҳбʣţ壬֪
˵˵ţסˣһ˦֣ģˡ
СӣЦǰôûǿأ
ӣҿȷĸǣҲˣ˵һˡ
ǸкһкķʽĽƻˡ
ǳ첻˶٣
˵Żһ߸ǵƣһ߿ʼ˵ˣԡүǶ⡣
ϵĲܹˡ˷ῴֱ죬ȺӴյһĻӽӣôֵ֮ġ

ո˵ʣţ塭
ȺһھƣǾʹ峣˵ɡ
ʡ塢ǡš
ʲôʣ
ߣĵҲĵ¼ģļƼ֮Ҳ
Ҳ˵ΪТΪؼعΪ֪֪ΪҲ
ʲô壿
ߡ
ˡҲõˡ˵ˣΪΪ֪ͼ¡
أ
ط徵
ǡ
ǹۼˡµĿĵãǱ֮ͨߣ֮
ţ֮֮
Щ˵Ƿүү͸ǽ˰ɣ
ӦĶ档
ȻǴ˵ȴűĸо
šȵͷǻͷŵǸʲô
ʵȿź˸ӡ
ʵְ˵һ
⺢һ㶣ҲеԺ
֣˼죬ôͳһˣ
Ψи;׿ûֳ̫֪Լķˣ˳Ҫʲôˡ
ֻһصüͷ֪ʲô𣿡
֪ͷҲ벻ôͳһˡ
֪ɣǽһ⡣Ҫô˵ǵӣǵأ
ѽ궼ȥˡϽ˵ɣʲô
áڴӦǡΣ
Σһ˼
ԣΣ
صͷأߣǶԳߡߡҡµΡ
˵ˣʹ㶥أη壬ûθУ޷Ǿ֮ˡ
أСǶֵܵΣǶԹµΡ
徣θ󡣡
ǣۼˣԼ𡣡
ţĸ𣬶︺𡣡
ҵף峣˵ľһΣ
ǾΪΣҡιƽµػ


һƬž˶ɵˡ
٫˵Ӷ٣ôƭҰôҲУ
峣һȦԲˡ
ܹ룬ҪǰŪȥŶ̸壬˵ŪˣҲ÷ʮĹ򻹲Чˡ
ϧһﺢȴô룬ϾС˳ȵĻȥˡ
˵ȿڡ˾Σ
룬ҡͷȫǡ
ȫǣ
ᰡȫĥߴô
ٰѡΡֲ

ã׷峣ˡΡ֣ܲ
٫еڴҪôܲʲô


964 ˵
˵ʲô٩٩̸ʼһֵĺơ
˵ڼ֮֮ڳ֮֮ڼҹ¡徴֮𡣡
ôൣӣôѹһүǶϣҪʲôܵһУ
Ʒѿڶʣʲô
һ֣صؿ
󵨡ػǻۣ
Ψд󵨣ŸҰ賤סҹأһ絣𣡡
Ψдػܰһǰ
Ψдǻۣڼ֮䣬硢㵽
˵ݰһ㣬ĲãܳΪǵİ
Ҳûбİ취ûǸֻС˴Է褡
סˣ
һүǡ
ҪĲж࡮Ӳж࡮󡯣
డǧˡ
һݣȵػ£Ӳ볼Ӱ¶һ˿ӲүǶ
ǰ
һָܹˣŵĲ٫һ飬ָҸ
ǲܴ󲮡˴󲮣Щ³бȨԸڼбŲûǸ볯Ƕһǲҳ𣿡
ǡǳԼﻹдΣ˽鷳
ǲǧ˲ðգ
ػƵģȭͷ³ç
𣿡


߰ʵǸ߰
٫˰ȴĴָӺ죬Ķ˵ɻģôƵԼˡ
˷˵һλҪСӣǼһӲɡ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
ϧ˹ΪҲˡ
ĳ룬ӳĬã͵ˢˢһ˦ӣ
~~~
~

Ʒһĵؿ׵ҵĵֱ˵Ժٴܣŵ˲͵ˡ
÷ôഽࣿǶ
ǰȭͷյýģﻹţ
үǶҪӲ
ֲһ䡣
Ҫ󣡡

һѾƱ˦⼸С쵰ϡ

ǡ˰
Ʒ̽ȷӦڵһµܡ
ƽʥһ㲻ת۾ûӰˡ

ʲôƺӣ
ˣһתͿЦǹɵؿԼ
㻹
û뵽û죬Ųߣĸ첲
ˣҿǵСްء
ߣŹ֡ѽ硣
Լӡû£Ůҵѽ
ģͷҰܽǣ֤ԹԵģ˼ҡ
бһۣȴͦ⻹ࡣ
ǡˣ
аɡ
˵˵Ұɡʱ˾ֱӣһ˵ı顣
һüͷζ˵ʲô
ֻһ̯֣ȾҲңŮ岻ȥ
ǣ㱦Ůѽ˵ҵӦѵҲŶѽôϼ޻϶֪ʲôҳѽ
ǣҵƫƫһ䶼˵
˵յǰ˵ҵǲҪѵأ

ȳѾͷNɪˡ
ת٫ˣû
ҹŮ׹Ů
˭ô˾
ܡܹҲĴ𣬰Դҡ硣ǽҲӺⱾ£̳ôùŮ
ϲƲ졣ϲ߰
ˡ
٫˵ѾͷҪŮˡ
լɡ
ߡ겻ˡܴ󲮶ʮˣСֶŮѽҵأҲ٬Ľء
Ҿ˵ɡһԵ˷ῴȤ̲ס٫
Ҿ˵ɡ
СѾͷƷӶǶ֣һ׾Ĵ˵
˴Ҳʵˣ졣Ժ뱾ȥƣ
ǲУǲС˷ʱɫ㲻ǸЦѴ󲮱ﻵˣ

Žġΰ˷Ա޲֡
ΰǻϽͣҿɶû˵һģ
⻹ࡣ¶ʤ顣
С°һתִյϣĸ첲ҡ
˵ҵҪŮ˵ʲô
ܲǰ͸©һѽ
ȱĥûֻõ
롣
ðɣӦ£̽뻳һͭԿס
ȥ鷿Ǹͭ񣬰ǸҾ͸㡣
ǰһģ
ġ
ҵһϾ˵ŻһѶԿףĴܿˡ

ĿӰʧ⣬٫޲㵣ãȻȣǡ
Ҫʲô
Ǹ֮ͭĸ֪
ŵģƼеļҵĿ̺¼ȫĲĿҲС
㡭٫һļû˸ոյ֮ġСǿˣ
ȵһǲϡ
㡭İࣿ
ȵЦ㲻ã⺢ǲϧ𣿡
ǣСǱϾŮ
ǡȸЦ
㿴Ůֵϸ𣿡



965 ̰۵Ĳܹ
ܿ٣
ùģ̺ϰ˲ᡣ֮ôҲ뿼УһһĹŮû츳
Ҫ֪ٴҲг̣е˶ǽͨֲУмԶı࣬Ҳһֵĳ̶ȡ
Ȱϵ˲ݻصǰ㷭һ

㷭٫ȻЦҡͷ
ٴҲʮһ꣬ұ˵ˣ˾˼ʮʹǹԺȥĶҲһöЩˡ
٫ΪܿʲôҪܰȫ㲻˰ɡ

ƺҲ٫ϣӶûӣһͷмְ

ôȰ뼤붺Ȥ¿Ů棿
ߣС˸һİ顣
ʲôп翴ˡ
ۣ
ʮ־졣
翴ˣĶģ
ڵ鷿
ֱ׳Լӵ鷿ʱ˵ĵطĶֻҪǴֵģһû
һ
Ժͭ񣡡
֪֮ͭĶǺεҪɲΪȻ
ǿûˣ˺ˣ
棿ȰѾͷԽԽ
㿴ö𣿡
⣿һģӹϵ˲ᶶ˶
˵Ǳôѩ̶ܵҳë
ۣ
ǲ٫ˡ
Ҫ֪ƼĸС쵰棬һ֣ƽʱҵҲ֮ġ
İɣ
ҪСç򶼿öǴξųɵ˷øϵˡ
Сǰүе㿴ȥˡĿɲǼӼӼô򵥵Ӵ⻰˵Ŀ̫ඡ
תȣУСʱǣʲô˰
ţػЩ̫ˡ
˵޶˰Ѵԭ֤ѡӰء
٫Ǻͬôġ
Ͼ̺ǴģΪΪĵҪѡĸӰ࣬ȴǴҲòĵ顣
ǣ̺ϵĴһʮһޡ
٫˵԰Ҳûô԰ڵİɣŮܿƵġ
٫ЦС󲮶һΣǶͨ˳Ǵ󲮾㿴ˣɺã
ߣʱСܴСˣ
žͶ־¿ʲôòܴ󲮿ǲ濴ˣ

ȴ֣ʲôûʲôϣ
ʵͲ٫ǿǰУ԰ڵģűĿйص£һ˳ȥˡ
ԼҲûʲôϣ˵Ѿͷܿʲôã˵ˡ
˵㿴ʲô˵ʲô¡
֮вްοܡ
Ҫ֪ǿ̺ϵİˣ˺׼ٴΣô⣿⣬Ҳܿġ
ǣȴһ
ء
ܴ󲮼̰˹ʮᣡ
ۣ٫һѪ쭳ˣҲˡ
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⻰ɲ˵̰ϵǮ
ƲܼҺϻô꣬û˭̰˭£СѾͷһ͸˸ʺӣܹûҲˡ
ϧߣܹһǲ˲ᡣ
Լ

ܹ亹ֱֶе㶶Ľӹ˲ᡣ
СѾͷƶԲ׼ѵ˵ıˣ
ӹһ
ˣ
Ѿͷĳˣ
һָ˲˳壬⡭ǲ裬ɲ̰
˲˲ܼҵǮ˵̰
˵۾һ𱸵Թꡣ
쵰Ѿͷ˵㿴ɣܣЩ˴󲮵ס
ĿϷ
ѽǽ˲ܼҵǮ
ǣ̺ȴΣ

٫һҭסôܻΣ
ǻΣ
Ǽᶨ˵Żǰһ

ʮȥĩݻܼҶݵ鱦вģǰũɹѹء
ԣ̺ڶݵӯȥûǮȥˡ
׵ʱ򣬶ݸõ˰ִӻ߻Ʊ뾩ҪϵǮԣˣ޷ʱӲܼҵĽʮǮ
Ǯ¶ʮģڲִˡҵֽ֧
ݸ¶ʮľͰѴӻߵũ˰𲹽ˣԻֽԲ䣬ܼǱǮ¶ʮͻˡ
˵̵ַϢΪñˣֻ֮ʱ̺֪ô¾͵ˡ
ǣΪЩ̺ϵԽԽԽԽҲڲͣϸƹأԣڻǮĵڶ죬ҲǴҹͷ죬̸ȫλ·¹ء
ȥ³һʼв衢ѺʻֵΪϢϢ뱨֪̣̺׼֮ͳһ̻衣

¶ô¶
ܼҽʮᣬջȥʮСѾͷˡ


966 ̰
ʱһ˲᣺¹ȥ³һʩеģǱʲ¶ʮģȻҲ˽ˡ
ǣϰ궨ݵıﲢûбǱǮû߾ֻܵûִ߲Ǯʮ
ǣǱǮǱѾѽ
С°ͣһʤɫţȥȥĶݰһ֪
٫ɵˡ
С¶
˶ɵˣΰ͸ʮǰһƵġ
СǡȥİҲ
˷㶵Ĳһ䣬ëˡ
ֱ
ȣ֮ȫǼʣһӶ
˼˷ᶺӣѾͷҲˡ
˵öˣȻϼ֣ϾĻĿȾѧƤëҲϡ档
ǣܰѽ˺ȥİ͸ҳ֮Ĳ졭
ʮһ갡
ȥȥĶݾù治Ѿͷô
һǣ
ݵľڲܼҲһʱעǡ塱ϰﲢûע͡
桭滹Σ٫˵Ŷ
ôôʺӣҲӲס
治Ǻ£ؼǣһôֵܣͻȻô̰û֮£Ķ飿
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˲٫һۡ
˷ҲǹЦѾŵġ
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ʮᣬҪǷڶʮǰǲСĿڡ
⼸һû˰ʮֵ̰һء
ҲǶݷ̳©ʲô
ͷܼһ˵ʱ򣬰ʮ򻹻ˡ
²٫أּһ䣬һҹŮӣ
ҪұŮ緢֣׻˵ʱ򣬿ô
У٫ͷһ̫ˣʮ򣬸۴ֶŮױ
ҲŲҪأĳ룬껹顣
ױѽԼ
ܵģ
ϲģȴֿ˻Ѿͷؼʱ
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˵ֶŮ٫ѾͷĵӰɡ
ġ갲ο٫˵ҵˡ
˲ݵ滹⡣
һ͡
̺һ©Ѿһˣ⣿˰ɣ
⣬Ǵ⡣һ
﷢֣̺ϸݷ̰м
ңǸ𣬴ݸ̶ϰʮء




˻һС΢Ҷ֮Ϣ
ܡˡɫˣȸ￩һҲ
˵˵ô̰
㿴˲ᷭǵܺŵĽϸĿ
ָһڲһС
³ţɹ2ߣÿ߼4ᣬܼ8ᡣ
2ǧÿ60ᣬܼ12ᡣ
꼤һǶʮ֮ޣ
ǣôֵҲһ߾4Ǯɣ
ףĶҲ60һﰡ
Ȼǵ鱨ϣб˽ң
ʮ򲢲ǹһ£ǵ䣬鱨ķʽһٰʮ֮ޡ
ҲǵһôɣҲ˵ˣ֮Ѿǧᡣ
ң̺е⡢еĸ̣־̰
䣬̰ȥǮϣ̺ϵӯٷ塭

ҵĹ̰
û˵꣬٫ûзŭ𾪣ǰһһѰס
˵ˣ
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˷ҲѾվΧתһȦ֮󣬷ظ
ûˡ
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á
Сǣ㣬Ҫʵش𡣡
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ʡ
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ס˵ĻĿ￴Ķ׼κ𣡡
סˡȻͷ
ȴֹѵ֪̰û֮£˵ǾǸΪ



967 Ŵ
ȵȻ֪ңҲȷʵԼġ
鱨ɹ߳ɱڴʱȻûʲô壬ںȴʮֳƽˡ˰
˵ˣһǮͰǣߴǧһ˿Ķӡ

ҲⶼǿŻ߶׫ģʵϣںձ󣬼ʹΪ͵˰Ҳĺܺÿ
Ȼˣε˰ӯΪ׼̺ϵҲûκμܻţ˶ǮҲûñ֪
ô鱨ûʲôãοҲҪ͵˰̺ϵĴɶǻʵۣǮǽ͢ǽû
ǻ˵ΪʲôҪôأ
ҿ٫˵ķӦƼΪһ㣬Ϊأ
ԭܼ򵥣¼в͸ǽ
Ͽ׸ûаëǮϵǰ֪ж˶ǱˣҲ֪ж˱ȻԼ˶Ǯ
˵һִͶˡ
ȥγ͢˰ǮڰǧᣬУũ˰ֻռɲӽһɣ˰ռһ룻ʣµǺ롣
Ҳ˵˰ȥ걨һǧᣬ˰ɣ
ֹǲ٣ֱǸ֡
֤εóΪǺ䷢ֱ˵ʢǰ
ôˣ̺ӯأ
¢ŴεĽڡҵҵëĺ;ҵȻﵽ˶Ǯ
ǧᣬǳ͢ķ֮һ

ҲڴΰκһҶһ漯ﵽ˰յķ֮һ
ʵϣķ֮һֽ֮Ŀ
귢ֵЩ߼ƽ𴬶ȵȵȵȣ̺ϵϡ͵˽ӽʵ֮һôǧôñˡ
ʲô
ǣȴŲңһѹεƱȲ붼ôߡ
Ҫľʵˡ
Ǻǣ˭ݵ̺ϣ
棬Ҳ̽ˣ˸ˡ
û취飬ٿ˵ȶСĿ꣬һڡǣҪǸ˵һһΡ
Ǻǣ̫

֪Ҳ֪ټ֪顣
ǣ˸ݾʩе̺ţҲڴˡ
˭뵽ȴʶˡ
ÿûˣҪǴ˳ȥ˵ѣҲǵضɽҡĴ鷳ˡ
ű׿͸ߵܹ꣬˻ǲ̫ŸոշһС
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ЩȽ̺ãרŻǵİɣ
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Ǳ˷ȴ侲ö࣬Ҳ֣Ҳ룬С߶Щʲôˣ
⺢Ӵ̥𣬴ݵ⣬߾ûе๫ƼҽҲǴĴԣѬҲѬˡ
ŽʮУʮ࣬СҲʮݣһ¾
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ôˡ
ˣǶˣҲ˵ˡ
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ȵͷȷʵ̫ƽ
ǣȰѽ糯׷壬ؼһﺢǴܣǣȥԼŵһһ
Űգ޲üͷ
ǹ;켣ȶͣҲһף¿϶ô򵥡
ܹ˳ΣӺƵ˼µĹںδ
ȵ糯֮£֮̽
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ȳҵã̫ġ
ŶΪΣ
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ҿǸǽͷ֮ݣΨСˣ
ܸʦдţֻ˵
˵ʲôܹ˴üͷ˵¼ˣ
˻ûܣ
ǺǡȸЦеģϧһٵѡ·Բ;
ԡسջһϣ
ᣬΪ˻ؾͶΪ˻ؾͶκΪ˻ؾͶʲôأ
׼𣿡
ܰüͷΪʲôܣ
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ĿԶôˣҲø͢һˣ
˵
٫һüĿܹݣ
ƨܹݣȱĵԼмＸ
ǶǾǿԼûı£


ǲȵķ񣬼ȻѾˣȲؾһҲ˵ȥˡ
˵ԣҲı¡
ʱ˿̣֮оǺ
쿪ʼá˾ʡԺӾŲȫѲȫθأ顣
ŲֻҪΪǵģһȫȥϷ
ӾͰöǡҵҪ˭ת
ֱۣӾˡ
̫ˣ
ܹ˵ӣĲ˵ǻ⼸ˡ
Ŷ٣
ǿǽʮ仪رơϸ¼ͨ˰ڽˮ·֧
˵ЩԽϹˣ˾ŷʡЩʽĲƹҲһء
𿴲ܹǰ·ңҲѧ˶ʮˣЩνĺ۹滮ͨһͷˮ
˱ˣǻƵģ
㡭ⲻ
ľǣӡҸը̣ôҲﹷƨͨ٣
Ҳȫ˰ɣ˷᲻޵ĵ˾˾ȥһ㣬ĳЩҲˡ
ѶŲµ˶ߣǳ͢ˣ
׾װɣҡͷҲ֪֪ˣڱ䣬벻̭ĻҲøű䡣
ˣΰЩٵĹߵѾˣҲôô˰ɣ
Ҫ֪Ȳᣬʵ㲻У

ַҲó
Ҳԣʲôڱ䣬ĹٵƢû䡣
ɱʿЩ߹ٺ»ٳ˫˻Ϊǻʮǰأ֮Ҳʥ֮ѧǳһأ
ܹʼڴ
ʵеȲ뿴ЩѻɽĿд۸ӵϵĹǰʱǵǸʲô顣
Ķ˰ɣ


968 ԽԽ
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ƽʱ糯һϵ๫µŲְ٣϶лû˯ѵڽҲ϶̲סмûע⣬棬͵͵ڴӹͱ塣
ǽ죬˵Ǵ͵Եģ̶ĲˮĶһɫأ˭֪յ糯򵥡
׷׵»ûȥǼʡĵؼӴһܡ
ƽǣӺƾȻˡ˵׼ͻ̨Աó˵¡
ң˻֪׷ⲻֻһʼ⣬컹˻Ѻɹ
عϵӦá
Ӧòװɵ˰ɣ
ϾκҲãҲգʵûǵ
ĵĻԼһĶֵأĵǽôӺƣףרȨ·ǲеġ
ĻӺҲضѣò
ô˵ȴһϷѾ޿ɱˡ


Ƚ©Ժ֮ʱҲ࣬ڼ˴˵˵ҲֻСˡ
ֻûȸİƤʹ˸ɫʲôĵǱʲôӦ
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ôǴӦ𣿡
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ţΪ⡣ô᲻ǻ۹ݣ
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ôӲҲΣ
᲻á岩һᡣ˵ǻ۹ݲ͸εǿԡ

ʲô
ҪݾĻ
İƤû˵ȥˣֱʨӴ󿪿ڣȻڵ⡣ңԼȥ̸ģֻ˵๤ûɺá
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˵ˣڱ˵ҪˣǴԼҵĽȶϸǸҿڣȻ÷쭣
͵͵һۣ˵Ӳʲôأ
ĳ롭
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İƤƣⲻ˵顣
һЦ岩ļ򣬡ȥ׼׼ȥתһȦ͵ɢˡ
˵Ż߿ǱТѾͲûˡ

岩Ǹʲôζġ
Ҫ֪岩ڳʮ꣬û·ų˭뵽ֻΪһ͡Ҫˣ
һҲ԰£ȾôҲ֣ѵ
ѵغСܵ£
뵽岩ˣиǴȣС棬ôôܵأ


Ȳ˵İƤϳа໹һ˱๫
˭أ
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´Σ
´Σ
˵ҵʹôٴͨҲסôڡ
ȿȣɿֻû
ȴҲȷʵӦðЩ˶ɢȥһ֧ĥһˡʮ겻Сˣ̫ߵĻӡ


Щ౨Բ˵
ĲɣҲĶ飬ݲ£ֻϷࡣ
ڡ
񲿹Ժʹţ࣬ߺбࡱ
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˫ֳУתţ֮δأ

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ǱߵţȻҲûǹԱһģָӲĺܡ
¹ղŴ䣬٣ΪԺʹȻȨ¡
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๫ҵءʼҵķƽ¶ɡ
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˵ҪУͰѳϵ๫ǵһˣƷҪ
ţɵˣµĹԱɵˣԼˡҲôɵˡ
²أԻٳǡ



969 
⻹û꣬ȱƵĶһ쵱﹪°ݡ
£Ҳڳһ
Ϸ֮ˣ𡣡
ţԣ賯͢ǣӦϳͣ𷣣
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Ҳһ±ƣ˵ʲô·
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Ҳðŵϸľ׮ӲĳζһЦ
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ǡ˵⣬κѾݺᣬ޷
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Ҫ֪һ벻κ˵ĴӢȵĴ
żĸŮˣûͣȣѾӭȥ
ӺƼӶڹٸǰ;δȻżġ

ϧһֱӢ´ŮҲûȵӰӡ
أ
Ҽҷأ
´ӢŮʵƿԡ
û
û
ĸŮ˲ˣ岩Ҳˡ
֪֪ʲôٲƼҾ͵ˣ
岩ֱʧ͸˿ɣֻҪȲؾϢ촫ȥ죬ֻҪ죬ⷢӵ˾ͻȫð
ʱ򣬾ͲƼҼСûµˣӺơ
ʮĻҵ
Ǵεδ
ļҶҪµ
ܾأ˹Ϊأ
һǾûȰȰ
Ҫ֪ȵˣЩҲŵġ
ȰˡӢҲǼΪʧǣӺ˵ҹˣڵϦʱֻѡǼң
Ϳ岩Ȼʧ̬
һðˣ
ô죿ͲҪôƽϢ籩
ӢӺ˵ʵڲоţϲס
ϲסð졣ֻҪˣһнԿ
һнԿ岩ֱԼĶ䡣
һпףʥħ˰ɣ
ѵ岩ƨɺͷƴ˶ʮ꣬ȴһһѵ³
岩ģӺ̫˽ˡ
Ŀת䣬ȣϷԼȣ
ɨȫʱλϷ飡
˵ŻȻתȥ
๫๫
Ӣû뵽岩߳ŭ
༱ʲôﻹӺƸټҵױţ๫԰갡
岩ûȥ˲дʲôãʱȿνʧ
΢һ٣԰ꣿϷͲˣǵŰɡ
ѴͽĹܲ԰꣡


岩ȻȥıӰ˶еʧ񣬵Ǽүһζ
ĿӦûȥҺɣ
һۣƲ˵ƣֲˡ
ϼνһ̯֣˷Ϸ򲻾ˣ
ϧ٣ȵӣδһݣϼе㲻ģοûһ
ȥˮôôģǶĹⰡ
ϼֵû˵ܣֻûǼʲô
תʣϣͷЩڸʲôôû
ɸӵʦϳɳأȻȵסʱȰοҵȣĪҪš
ϳɳأүһЦҿг񡣡
ת뿪ЦȤصôҶȥһǸ϶
֮Ļֱģ
Ц⣡Ҳ֪ʦͽ˵״ʲô⡣
ǾߣүӢӺƵţҪ
У
дʲô
ӢȴҡͷҾͲ֪Ǹټҳ⡣
ϼҲһʣӢȥʷٰء
Ǻðɣȥɡ
ֿѾû岩ȥҺɹ硣
ȥǲŵġ׼ҡ


˷ֿҲһһϸֻ˵Ӣȵţֱʹ
ûеˣȴֻһţȻʧһôʧ
˵⻹׽ذ
ʲôӦԵļƲߣȼԣ￴Ķˡ

λʵ۱
ȣշתϱ־һֻԸһΣ޽ѡ
Ȼ֮ݿնȴ޶֮Ҳ
֮ң֮δɱնӡ
Ȼʱ֮꣬ܣ൱ˡ
֮ʢ˱֮ʢ֮˥Ǳ֮˥Ҳ
֮ƣ֮ΣȻߣ֮ӣҲ
·ȣ֮Ȼߣ֮ӣҲ
ȿɸһʱȴܸһǷǹµӣ
ж֮⣬˽;ϣ
ѷɰ٣ǿ
£֣絣֮ء
ȡ
ϣ

ܲ
ʲôıôأ
˵ˣҲϴСˣûƵģС¶
ӱһʱһӣԼŰɡ
жǿеģ
㣡
үӴ
һʱûסֱӾ



һж࿲ϼָɣò׻˱ƷӸɡ
ֻˣôַ£һ찲ҲûС
岩ˣ֪ǲӦҸطȥˡ
ɹְȥ϶̸ʱˣҶ˿ǲٶȥˣһҪٲˣ
Ǻǡ
Цһ˵ٲо鰡岩ȥܲҪ˵ˡ


982 ԽԽ˷ľ
Ҷˣʲôֱ˵ɡҲֱӺ岩ġ
ã岩Ҳûӡ
ϻǰӡֻͬģܾȳǼǸĻ쵰ˣ
Ŷ
һѿڶӺأ
֮ȵסΪεƷӽ棬ܲԼĶӰɣ
ֻҪȣǺûʲô¡
岩˼
Ӻƣ岩ԹһЦ
Ҫʥ˵ģӡҵʲô᲻ã
ʥˣ
ʮĹٳúϻʥˡ
˵û
ûУ
Ĭˡ
ãȻ̹ϣϷҲ˵ﻰɡ
ɹ뽲
򲻾ã𣿡
Σ岩һΣ
ȣκôڽɽ֪ɣ
ȴ֪зŹ⡣κȥٵġ

岩Ϊ⣬ȥʲô
Цκ󣬲ǻָԼҲãҲգܹӵı
ûȣκ֧֣뾩˼ʮþȡ
ǣһ޽Ʒӣʮı˲Ӱ
ҲãԹҲգջ֮°ɡ
ԣΪ͢һϵԷһУǳޣϣ

岩Ǿȣ˵
֪Ӻ޿սʤ˶Σȥ٣ϣͨĹϵȰԸ
ǣ
ɡ
岩һ̾еʱΪʲôɵó
˵һƼҵˣôڽɽ֮£ôǸһأ
Ϸˡ岩˵κӦޣǴǰ㣬һƼ
غҡͷҲֻǲ²⣬ϾȮӼ壬κϵʱڳÿһˣټҿ˭Ҳšڣ˭Ҳ֪ʱ׷ʲô
岩ԣҲʲô£ټôҲѾƿΪ˿
Ҳ˵Щɹ绹кʣ
УƶͷǾǣӢ׼ûӺƣ
Ӣ׷Ӻƣ֪ܲܲؾֻһš
ԡ
ɣν׷ȻؾӢ֮ţǹټһ֡
һ֮ưˣ

԰岩˵ôû뵽أ
ȣӢ׷ȱǲ׵£ΣȲؾǳ
һȥһأ°ӣݾѾ쵽ˡ
ǰټŶҲѾ쵽ˣҪϼ£˵Ⱦͻˡ


ö룬Ӣ϶ǼӺ˵ġ
ʱ˿̣ԺֲٰиҲ⡣
ڼ֡˵Ĳ²⣬ٰȴǸ˿϶Ĵ𸴡
ǷдټҵҲһǴڵģҿ϶Ӻ֣֮


ү͸๫һʱԣǾ͸ˡ
ǡӺΪʲô
Ϊٰ˶٣ԥǾ˵ʵ
ԭжһ˴ı֮£ȷʵȼ¸Ҫ
֮Уκһλã
үһһôҪ𣿡
ǶС
͵ЦҲҪԭ򡣡
ʲôԭ򣿡
̧ͷֱӶˣˣ롭

ʲô
ϼڵľվʲôô
ʲôСѡ
½ɽ𢣿ϲһзģ
ôٰһСС𣡣
Ϊ˴Σ龫Ƕʮ꣡굽׷˰ɣ
ǻϷһ;ƿݣһʱⶼҳ֮𣡣
ǡֲһӺƷ׵ȷʵѾˣĿõ顣
ǣγѾϰƷӵĴγϼ޻С˶ãҪһ첻ڳһ첻̤ʵ
Ҫӣϼôܵˣ
ϣģ
Ҫ֪οɲ̫ƽʢˣ߻дɣڻһ棬Ӧȵ۵ǧɻûӰӣ
ʱ˵ˣˣǴô죿Եȵ𣡣
ʲôԲȵٰۣˡ
ƽʱԼûϵ˵һ֣ү̲ˡ
һɣʲô¶Ӻһ˸ˣҪǺã
ֶԵȵֶԵȵ𣡣

˺ˡ֪ͷֻóȰܡ
ӺƲǲܲ˵ˣᰲźõģʲô
תٰϣ֮˰
굽׷
ҿСһ㶼ϣ̸ϰ׷ඡ
ֲЦˣĻүҪġ
Ӻƴʮ꿪ʼΪ͢ǰԼӣ׻һ˵ֻʣ·Ṧΰȴûһζ
𣿡
˵ˣ򵥵Сӣû˵ʲôˣǼʲô

һȲǳֲܣϼֵǻ٣֪ȡ
˵ʵֻǵûӴλ·
ԷٰϼϷ
šбۿŷүֹʦͽûһˡ
ǹֶаҲ
үֲˣֲ˵ôôأ
˵˭أ
ߣϼߡ˵㣡
㲻жӲϣӵݣûؾ
Լҵģ
үᵽǸӣȻѼּҵĹŮȢ˼ҡ
Ȣ㣬Ϸܲؾ
ôˣϼִ粽á䲻Ҵˣ
үǺȻǶϱиôĵǾ˵ˣ
٣ϼ̲ˣҪǴ򲻶Ǻͷүһܲɡ
Ҿ͡
һͷ۵ĺܣô˵˵ֳˣ

˵ӺƵ£Ϊϲģôֳȥˡ
Ͻתƻ⣬˵¡
ӺҪټ֪𣿡
үȻ˻֪
ӦˡϾؾţ˼Ȼˡ
ţȷʵүҲջ˼˳Ŷ˵Ļͷ
˵񿪷ֱ֮زѽ⡣
ֻҪӺзȨ֮ģ˭ΪǼСġ
ԣȴһûа֮ɫ˵
Ŷ
ֻŸӺټҿ𣿡
岩ЩԱţϣ𣿡
ź˵ü⣬ܿξûнˡ
˼ҺӺһĵģӺˣǲ᲻š
ڹϵĹԱ
岩˵¶԰֮ɫϷѧϷ˽⣬ǲΪԼ;ӲӺƲŵġ
ǹټҡ
ٰ֮ɫ𣬡治һӺƳ
ϼһ񣬡ô˵ټһ취ֹ
ֹ


983 
ֲʵûټҵҪֹȳ仰˵Ҫôס֮
ò˵زҲڴγҲӺƣκһʱκһˣܳƵ顣
˵ˣһʵ۲ѹչӵԼƴȨ
Ψдôº͵ʱΨ˽ηľ֮ţȻټеԸ񣬲᲻ߡ
ǣôסȻǸ⣬һѽ⡣
ɽ֮һ֣ǰ˵޷ƫ̻£Ҳûսپ
ңҲˡϵȰ¶˻ؾǲˣ
ԣסȣҪսپһƼҵһίҪȻ֮ǰҵһ㹻ɣԼ߶߲ˡ

ò˵̫Сʵǰ񣬺Ǽް


µ񣬲Ѿһ岩ͺҲãǷ͡ϼҲգĬѡ񰴱
϶ټҪӵĺˣǲ²͸ټҪôµķˣֻܵţŹټһ塣
һҲȷʵߣͣҳ֣̫ᣬֲһסȡ
οһֱܾӻС̫ﵽܲӦԵľ棬˻ɡ
ֻﶼһ㣬ɰֻ̫Ǳﻹһ費Ϊ֪Ǿǣ
һֽ̳İ
𸹺ںڴγһȣڶ
ǸСѾͷƬӡ
ңǷų׼һ
֪ڼ֡
ΪóȻ־ͻ᷸ͻᳯ޿صĵزչʱ˭סӺˡ
ǣΪһﻹƫҪ򿴿
û㣬һܰ¶Ư


ڶ糯˹ȻԸ
ֻСʵһ֣Ͷɵˡ
ʲô
ôʲô
ư
֮ϣһ̬ɽһּ£̲ͬû󣬲˰
Ƕشپ֮ˣΪأ¹죬һˣҲܷŹһˡ

岩ֲˣíž׼ĹҲɵˡ
Сʵһ£ôȭ֮ϣоʹˡ
˭뵽ﾹ˿ûƫ̻֮⣬ҪҪҪҪҪ¹أ
˲⣬ã֮ʣ˭Ҳû뵽׵Ļں档
֮ĸµĽɽֻð¾ͼˡ
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һǺػײ̣֮ҺʵΪᵶȰܣ֮񡣲зܲ˼֮ͣ
κɽ飬̲飬µپ뱾ֱӹϵ
أͬףȻҲʢŭ֮µȭ֮е಻ֱ֮ܶΡڶȰ޹֮·з³
裬֮ȻȴӷɡݣԳ﷣֮콻Ҵ£
ʥ󡢷ƽӷҲ֮ȻƽΪ֮˹֮ʥӢŹ£ʮ̣֮Чȡ


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⵽ʲô
塢κ뱾޹ء
£ô¹µĲǲҲһյԶݡʲôǽڹˡ
ʥ󡢷ƽôףʮ壿
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÷ŵķţƫ̻ƫ̻Ψ
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ټҰѱ˷ŵķţĶΨƼҵûõĻ֮ƣһȳȻ
Ǽֲ֪ԲǰﲻϣҲǻ֮ơ
ү˵Уʵ˲˼²͸ˡ
ؿŸټҲǡ
ްɣ
ԴˣֻܻԿЦ
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գпΪһţ˭Ҳ׹ټҵʲô˼
ʲôĶУΪ꣬ջȨӺƳ
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кսݾڽڰͶɰ뵺½λԤư֮ʮ־˹ϣ֮ڱپʿ̹¡
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Ӻŷ޴Щϣù˵һ塣
ʱ˿̣ټʥ⵽ӣҪȣ˳Ҫ
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ȻӲûй̫ã̲¡¶Խɽˡ
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Źؿɥ
ԣ֮УƷ硢̡ӣð壬Ź޿ˡӦشϣ

ѹ֮ӣ¹غغǣ̣¶ᡣ
¿𢣬٣˽ϴأ°һȣ
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Ŷٲ٣
Ŷٲٲٲٰ
ĸһû⣬ʮĺӶҪϴأ
ôϴذôɱ˳£
ǸȻĸ˸᣿
ڲǼֲɫɵףѾ²ؼ岩ĿɿڴЩƼҵĹٶе}ûš
ûǯ}ûţ˿ʼȶתҪǹټӶˣǡǡ
Ʒӻ׷ˣܰһ˶ˡ
ʱ˿̣һѾʼˣȰһȰټңƼһ˼ϾǿƷӡ
ȻкµģȻҲеģĴ˷ΪһЩһĶ
ˣҲòˣټҾӺŪȥźšΪʲôû϶̣ǲô
ΪɱСģɻȻأټҵøʱ䣬ַӺʱ䡣
ЩˣѾΪȵ۴򸹸ˡ


ξԶȱٴӭ֮ȱͶȡ֮ͽ
û˶ﲻе⣬ֻ³ȥúһӺƵ״
ǣ³Զء
ôĽɽ䶨ֻѪΪˡԡ֮֮ҪȻҲ᲻ᡣ
վΪ˵ļֲȴӣΪǣ̫ʵ۵һգϼֵ˸
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˵ﻰǲ̫侮ʯжĥɱ¿Ĺټҡ
ǡ
ô⵽һ
ǿû˵аοԼԸʲôתɣ


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ʲôתûС
ľ߸װװӣƷ硢̶ûټֻ˺һϵ
װģʰ飬˸ģ˸ոӡ
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û
Ӷ챻ˣȻŸӴ˸ա

ӡһ߿žһ߳ⰸֻдӡ֣Ϊգ
׵İٹҲټһʹ˺ģ뿴мýʵĺӡ
ΨԼеƣ˵ˣ֮ǹټңεĻʵۣ˽¡
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⺢ӺҲǿųģȥʵ۵ݲ˵úܣţᶨǼ˵
οΪʲôգ֪İ
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޴һգûڰɣ
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޾ʹƣ֮ƼΪʰƼأȪ֮£ҲҰˡ
ƣ
˵ҲУƣԺʹľͳһˡ

ƣүԴۡ
ƣ
ôաơкأ


984 ʵ
ʵ֤ǶԵġ
ں˵λ֮УʱαǨδãͬ죬ڲ׸ı人˵Ĺ֮ǰǲġ
ǰȵۼݱ쿪ʼƴһģ֮ϣֻεĵûϺȵĳ·ᴩʷǧıʱû
Ȼڰ֡Σεʿı߻ˣո¶һ˿֮⣬ǱһЩ޿ֵĹǾѾˡ
˴ʮܽǴӺζģҪ򵹵ӺƣΪ˴ΣڰͶɰ뵺ˣֶ룻ƷǴεļ
׸ƣʥ⣬һγ˿еһа硣
£ټΪݰֻ˰µʱ䣬ﰸǰȵۣͿá䡱ˡ
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ʥ֮ѧǧҲͳ⳯ȨŪıĻ
ңǴΣǿ겻ɱһʿ˵£һЩ޿֣һЩ˼ɡ

Щ״ֲЦޡ
ЦЩ޳֮˵ĻΪȣ伫ĪС֮Ҳд
ޣǼү֣ԭɵǸ룬ֲеޣɵ䡣
ЩˣֱǴγ߳һȺǣʥ˽̳һȺޡ
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⵹ǰѼֲŪһ㶣ɴ˿ϺҲûƢ
Űɡ
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ΨһӿΪӺƽ˶ʦسȷʵҪһһķˡ
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ֻǰĳߡ
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ϼһĬصЩˡ
˵ˣ͸վЩֵٻҲǶϷԼԼˡ
ǣһվǻȺЩ˶ϣǲ͵ڶ𣿳֮ϣǸΪҵһɱ
ڹټ˴õ֮£Ǻϼе㺦¡
ͬ˸뷨
ΪЩϼһվټҲǺδ㣬ҪϵȻسЩô


һ̿ʼγٴαɫ
򲻵ǣ˵ķɲı⣬ķ
̶죬УûС
鵯ӺƵĹ٣Ա淢
ۻۣ˭֣ɡͳ˭ӡ
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֮䣬ӶЩ֮ţڸ๫ָ֮£ȫˡ฾
ڲھǣһͷ˼ŷдӡһʱ֮䣬֮а
ڣһᾪ°Ͷ
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Ҫ̶̵֪һ£໥֮£ѾʮĹٲ裬ˡ
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㹻˰ɣ


֮˽⣬ȸһ棬Ҳȡݡ衱֮ڡ
Ǹ׾ӵ棬һз
ֻ֪Үɺ߳жأӮҲ
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ԣǸȸ棬һӢ¸ɡ
ʱ˿̣ҮɺҲòȡ
ݣǸһڳ֪ҪʲôҮɺҲòķȥߡ
ΪΨһĻᡣΨһһȫ󶨳ǣȫҮɺһ˿ϵĻᡣ
Ҳ裬ľͳԶҮɺѡ·
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ħҮɺһ˿⣺
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ʱٹųǣױɽˡ
ҮɺοǣξûΪԹɱ
һΡΡǣٲҮɺסǹգתͷһűŷ򼱱ȥ
ֻҮɺû뵽ǣǰѾһƤ
Ҫɣɻʵۣͬ



991 ֵֵܻ
죬ܽ˴

ҮɺǰһΨбԿЦ
һҮһƤҾеľԴƻλʮ粽ҡѵһ̣Ҫ
ȥɡҮɺȰο
˵䣬ȴٲ˵֣̤̤صڳ֣λĩ·ǰС
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ʱҮɺѾԼ죬ͣ٣Ȼȥһ޵ϡ
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ȴ䵽˵Ĺ
ضǻɵģѹЩ͸
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ѩɣƻ轥ɫɻתڣҰ֮ڰ޹⡣ΨɹǰһҡҷؼΨһһĨɫ
ҮɺΧһǻʼ飻һǹзʤȯա
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Щ꼫ţӶᣬϣȷʵˣཫ㣬ʢһʱ
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ԭİʧȥԴȱͬУĶɢˣҲҲ÷ּҰ

Үɺӣһ仰˵Ψ͹Ҿơ
ԭԼΪ֮Σﱻһֵֶˡǣƫƫ˵Ļôе
Ϊʵǣʮʮ˶ڳȫް㶷־ⲻõ֤
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𣡡ȼæ֡ҿɲ֪㣬ôûһġ
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Үɺɵˣô谡
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Ҫϣϣ
ӺûڲٵģܶҮɺľ磿

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ǣԶ㣬ɽôǿ
СҮɺ֮Աǡ
˵ףĶȥ¾ϳܵĶӵùһ
ɵһܰ
˹ˣ̻ˣƾʵǵطռˣʱһǿʢĴɰ


ҮɺˣҮɺһʿҲôˣûİ
Ŷƫƫ˲Ҫţôųע⣬ҳ·ǧһݰɣ
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ģȴվס˽ţҰЩʺӡ̫ӡɶģ͹ȥ϶ôּûûġ

ȻҮɺڷﲻԣ˫Ŀб۵ȡ
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ԡȿҮɺǵˣȴҲֵܡ
ңǵУѡ
޷ɵ飬Ҳɣ겻ɵʹҲֿɡ

ҮɺôԽԽ}ûأ
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ҲÿԵóԸʧڳ𣿡



һʱԡ
ողܹûͷûԵһ仰ʶذĿⶼ׼ȡ
˵ӲôİɣҮɺ֣֮
ţеò׼ˡ
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ߵ𣿡˷Ҳе㻭
̫ıǶţˣǲ壬ǲңҲѹ

Ӧߵ˰ɡ
ҲͽȺûа첻ɵ¡

϶ߵˣܾƶ
һĲܹ˵ļ򣬡磬㻹ҰˣƷӡ
ܹ˲û




993 αG
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˵ʵҲǿЩԱˣС̫һ仰˼ҡվһޡûӲҲվˡ
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