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1 
ô½ӵĴ۹Ϊ۹ʥ۹ڰ۹˵۹½ǧꡣ֮⣬ô½лָӵ壬˵˰ľ鰡٪һİ˰ȵȡ
Уħ֮˵֮ߣձ鶼ԶħΪ
ҲеĽʿǿɷΪʿмʿ߼ʿʦʦʣʥﵽ񼶱Ľ
ħΪŵħʦɹͨԪأΪǿĹħȼɷΪħʦмħʦ߼ħʦħʿħʦħʦʥʦʥ񼶱ķ
ڼ壬۹ǿļ壬֧ᡣ
ԣڼÿһλ֮ˣǣǿΪԵô½ǿĶԡ
ϧƫƫһ˵ĳ⡣
Ʒ磬ĳԭư֮ӡϧƷǣʱһֱ֮СʱƷ綼˱֮УԼĸĸףҲû˻ȥƷˣƷǶǿƷ硣
˵֮ˣǺ޲Ʒȥøڼ嶪
ȻԸƷոճ֮ʱ㲻ҵĲȥˡ
ɽڼȥ֮ĵط
ʱڼɽУ㼯ڼеҪԱΪֻǲμƷĻ֮
û취ƷвȥģᣬֻܽлˡΪλᣬڼرλﵽħʦħʦ
֮Уƺʲô֮˰Ե⣬ƷȻġ
˿̣ѾȥƷѾɵһľ֦Ĵϯ֮ϣϯ¼Щľ֦ԼĪŽ֮ߡ
ʱưȣҲƷĸס
ԭǵĶӾôȥ𣿡ưʹţԸȥʵ
ԭΪڼĳϣȨλߣȻձֵϣ˿ŵ۹Ϳɿļµʹ࣬οŷưȣİɣڷ˵ҲһֽѰɣŷһõףһĸá
ǰĸףܵһһػġǸ̾һȻһֱƷ׵ܵܣֻǼƷ粻ѣʵлǺ۰Ʒġ
ϧһжˣڵƷѾһʧȥıʬ塣
ư֪˵ЩֻǰοԼѣڵʵ̫Ϊʹֻ࣬ܽ˵Լοˡ
ưʵڲԸԼ𺣣ģ㽫ͷԭؿ֮С
ۣʹ޵
ʱɫϵ峤վǰߣĬȻ̾ϢڼΪŵӣһΪȥɡ
˵꣬˱㿪ʼţⶼǱϵʽѣ˵ﲢˡ
漴λħʦѾɢľϯĸߣĬ֮УٵӿһԾĻԪأΧ𽥵ıȡ
ʱλħʦ˫֮нȻ۳ţȼǺɫĻ棬׼Ҫľϯȼȥˡ
ҡҲ𣿡
δ֪޾ĺڰ
˼ƷǵԼΪ׷аߡû뵽Ʒ羹ЩаƵȦףһڰȻв˹ǿըԼҲȫ֪ˡ
ţƷԼӦûȴоԼӴڣֻƾʶںڰĲ̽š
ͻȻ䣬һ˹Ʒ㱻һǿ͵˹ȥ
ȻƷԺбӿһ֮ϢƷеޱȵľǵõϢ֪ԼȷʵˣһԽһ֮УΪùľǣƷ羹ȻǴԽһ˵ϣһǼҪʼ𻯡
뵽ڴˣƷᣬջҪٴвԼǽ֮壬ʬϣһǲƿסĿȨ
ѵػƷ׷漴ƷƾԼǿ֮ʼȥٿϢʬҲǰ֮壬Ʒǿƿһ幦ܡ
ǣƷеϲľǣû뵽ʬ徹Ȼѵһ֮壬ѵ֮塣ϲ֮£Ʒǰ䣬۵飬һŬ֮£ƷѾԿϢˡ
򵥵ģƷٴת˼죬ԭʴõ˳ĸ죬Ѫʼ
ϣƷȫ֮УĿϢÿһͨÿһѪ͵ת𽥵ĵõǿ
ڣһŬ֮Ʒ羪ϲķ֣ԼڵǴﵽ˵һ㡣
оˣʵ̫ˣƷʶзЦ
ͻȻʱƷоһǿҪԼ档֮ɼһɻɫ۲Ļ棬Χ΢ƯɫĹ㣬ֻǲҿЩɫĹ㡣
ƷõϢ֪ӦþħνħԪˡħԪҪǣħĿƣܽħڤĻҪǿľոħԪأܲϵǿħ
뵽ڴˣƷͻȻһȻħҪǿľΪƷ㿪ʼĽǿľԪ֪̽˹ȥ˵ףƷǰҲһָ֣ÿֹˮǿ£Ʒˣеľڳǿ֡
͵ģƷ羫Ĵ֮£ЩħԪر㿪ʼеˣƷһǿľ˹ȥ
ȻƷǿĲٿ֮£Щɫ㾹ǷԼעţϵԪڸоƷǿ֮Ҳ̼ӿƷڡ
ƷЩħԪصʱǿľԼ֪̽˹
Ʒһ֮ʱ˴ϵĻǷǳΣյġƷĽЩɧ߸ǿľ˳ȥ

һҵ죬ʵеλħʦ֣ⷴɣͬʱֱѪΪħʦǴֱӱ㵹˳ȥ
һö˶˵λħʦʩչħʱͻȻ⵽ϮҲʵ̫ˡԵÿЩˣΪ˸ء
峤ɵȥһλΪϵħʦʣϷʦ⵽Ƿʲôˣ
塭峤ǸղŴǺӵ䷢һǿľԶǣǲŻ⵽ɡħʦֻصûκεһ˿Ц֮⡣
⻰ú峤ɣڳÿһһȥˣӵ˿µľʵǿħʦ˲ܣҲʵֲ̫ˡ
ѵף
֮Уԭŵǿһ棬𽥵ɢš
ٴһĶǰȻڻеƷ磬ưȵȶϣĽš
Ȼ䣬˲ɢӦ˵Ǳĳˡ
һ˵֮УľѾȻը˿ԭȥƷ磬նڤ֮ʽ֮⣬һذ㵭Ĳɫ㡣
ˮлҲз磬йкڰֿеħԪأǺ޵ִӿƷ档
ȫϵԪأ
˾ѣţ峤ɶȫŵòӡλħʦѾǺȻɫĿõΪֲ顣
䣬ʵ̫ˡ
͵ģƷͻȻ˫ۣǴޱȵĹâ˵ɨϮ˳ȥ˵ġ
ģǲɫâסƷƮأȵվǰ
ˣƣһȥ𣿻һ
һ̣еˣŹ֮ȫ±仯Ʒ磬ȫĿɿڴˡ棬Ϣ


2 ħ
ƷϢȻѾǴʶƷӵд½дδйȫϵħ֮ϢȴǱڼסˡ
ڼ壬ȻߵͻȻӵλԳΪΰħʦƷ磬ڼҲǽƷ統Ǳһ󣬴ӶƷеλһ졣
ڸ֮Ը˼仯Ʒ磬û˻ȥˡǿΪĹֻҪǿǱǿĻֻܵҵľء
գƷ֮Ѿǹһ졣
ʱƷڷоޣתڵ
ϴ辭롶׽Ǿ޵ѧϰ֮ԲϵǿҲǿӲƷӵǰ飬ԶǼΪ˳֡
ԣŶ̶һϵټƷǰ۵ı飬ֱӴﵽ˵ڶ㡣
ʱƷС׽ѾȫɣޱƽƽĻţߣ棬ÿһ任Ʒǻ𽥵ǿһ֡
ͻȻʱ
һ֮㴫˷ưȵ𣿡
Ʒ統״̬ѹҸЦЦˣĸס
ǰʱƷǸ¶ȻѾǵһ磬Ʒѵ˵۰ӵĸеϧ
Ѱ߼Ʒߵǰƿ˷š
һλòĸŮЦɫһͷտɫƮݵĳѩ׽ྻĹɫƷĸưˡ
ʱưٴǰƺİϤӣȻвţһ㣬ưȵȴҸغЦʣӿвʣ
ǺǣĸİɣѾûˣĸײعڵˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ǾͺãѾΪ׼ˣͻΪĶҲ˰ɡưЦЦʰ߽˷С
õġƷ΢΢һЦͻȻʲôֵˣĸףҪ
Ǻǣʲô»ܱȳŸΪҪأưְĳƷ硣
Ʒ˻˵ĸףѾķʮ꣬ԺҪȥħ
ħǿɲУưȺԥıƷĻֵǵȰħʲôطѵ㻹֪𣿿ħĻ֪ܵԭΪԶʧȥʱĸ׵жʹڸҼϣҲʧȥġ
ĸףǺҪȥǸطôųҪǿŲᱻ۸ֿԱĸסƷ羹ƵĿ˵
ư֮һĸжḧƷգ˸ĸ׵Ļ𣿡
ƷиеһůŷưȻصĸףҺúȥɣ
ưһҧͻȻȴǴһϤȣ÷ȥɡ
ţһλɫ۵ӣɫڣǿ׳Ʒĸףĳԭ
סƷ統
ԭ˵ͷߵķưԣ̾ȣŷɣȻѵССħеİţȥɡ
ǡưԭǳͷͷƷ粻˵ӦĸףһҪƽ𣿡
źɣԲʧġƷϳš
ǺǣȥɣǻԭЦЦЦҲǼΪᡣ
ƷҾֱ˳ȥ
ưƷȥıӰԭǿϣԭĻƽ𣿡
ȻڵķѾٻƽˡԭգһ˼ӡ

ħڼһΪرĵط
νħǾѺһЩͽ棬ҲûȥܵģϾ˶׶֮ͽֻҪؽ棬ǵھҪȥ޾ĥˡ
ԣŽħħиرãͨߣħĥĻǼ洦ġ
ħλڼĺɽΪڼ帺أɽһƬյĻϿȣԷԽȥǷԽȥˣǱػ۹ۼˡóȻʥصĻǾȫʬˡ
ʱƷѾߵϿ֮⣬λפʯ֮ڡ
վסǹѺͽصأһλӺסƷ硣
ƷĬȻǰߣ͵̧ͷڼĳ֮Ʒ磬Ҫħϰ
Ʒ磡
λӽȻһޱ𾪵ǰƲĿɫꡣ
ǿɶ˵Ʒ󸴻֮£˵ԭȿǲΣ֮壬û뵽ǰƷ˴Ϊ𾪡˵ƷҪħϰǿɾ͸˲ˡ
˺þãλӲžӦһλӱѵү£ҪħĻ˭ԵģȣøԽסһУ֤нȥʸ񡣡
ðɣǾһɡƷ絭Ӧš
˽ȻһΪƷ˵Ļǳ֪֮Ʒλ֮壬ʵĻȫޣּžһ죬ܶʱǿأҲš
Ҫľǣ˸ǸоƷκεĶϢ
ү㲻ЦɣǿɲŪүһλֱĵ۹⳰Ʒ硣
İɣûµġƷ絭ֹˮվǰһɴʦ
˺ƷƱ仯ٶ𾪣˼Ʒ磬⻹ڼʢǧһķϲ
Ʒ˷ģɣҵʱ޵ġ
˸оƷƺûԼ˵Ҳи߼ʿʵᱻƷסأ
漴˱˴˵˵ͷڵĶ΢΢˰ɫĹâ˵˵ǻˣֻǼ֡
Ʒüͷһ壬룺νĶ𣿿˼ģҾͺúһ°ɡ
뵽ڴˣƷ翪ʼתڵ˫жһ
ѱλӻƷһүСˣ
䣬˵οֱŰ׹ƣĬĻƷ˫硣
һΣл似붷ĳνھƷ磬ӭƣȻ˫ȭ
˫ȭƽ棬ȴ̺һɿֲ
˫ȭӭ˫ƣǿ͵ĳšλԭС֮ģҲȫûþȫƷȴȫ
һ
һ棬λӻδӦб㱻˴ѪֱǺҡǿվȡ
Ʒ΢΢˰벽ᡣ
һ̣𺧻𺧣λӲŵĽǰޱƷ硣벻ףһȫӦڵˣǿһ˸ˡ
ȥܣ
ƷɲǾģʣڿԽȥ˰ɣ
ɡԡѾӿʼڲˡ
ллˡƷ΢΢ͷĻ䣬ӭд򿪵ʯţﳤȥ
λӾһ㣬ɵɵƷıӰʧҰ֮С


3 ֵ
ħһƬɽڰĻθɽȣ޶ر𣬲ƷЩʧ
ɼյģȫУֻһȺŵˡһȥԼĪаϡ
ЩˣǰӣҰһ㣬ںڰëһԵɷ°ɢڸߣƺ˭ȥ˭
Ʒһ棬ʱΪȫĽ㣬һ˫˫ϬĿ̼Ϯ䵽ƷϡΪǶãӿˡ
ټЩͽжϴŲЦ⳯Ʒߵ˹
Ʒ绷ЩͽΧȻ壬ֻǱ߹һĨЦ
ЩͽձĻǶƷ繹вֻЩͽȽ׺ѡһЩȻһδйļλӣмʵЩ˶Ʒ˵ֻЩӶѡ
ʱƷѾʮλɷΧסˣȻϴЦ⣬Цȴ쳣ա
СӣİɣǷʲôҪﰡһλĴ³Ӹ߰ĸԵðСƷ硣
ҲûзʲôֻԼԸġƷ絭ص
ޣһƷ翴ԵǸоκϢڣ㵨
ӱЦ֪֪ħﲻͿɽ𣿲ȻԽĻҲڼ˰ɣ
֮Уӵдһ˿ްݡ
Ʒ粻ȻĻصȷʵڼˣѵ𣿡
ߣȻУΪʹ޵ľڼˣȻԼˣûôˣ˲ıɫƷ磬Щͽ֮ҲʹޣоҪɱƷŸһ㡣
ƷһЦãҲصǵġ
˵꣬ӻûӦƷ͵ػӳһȭ
һȭֱߵģ޻Σٶȼ죬ȫӦһǿĸȭػ˸С
˫һ͹͵ĺ󰼣Һֱʹ֮ɫ䱻ʲôסһ㣬˵
ָо𣿡Ʒ絭ʵ
ӾӦȴʹޱܣ˶ӣĺ
һû뵽Ʒ羹ȻͻȻ͵Ϯ֡ϾӵʵмʿʵƽƷ͵ϮĻϸûôǿ
ЩͽҲôױŻסģϵƣŭĳƷӵ
Ʒ˷һЦ͵ǰһ壬˫һԾ𣬾ǲȵһλͷϡ
һƷȰӸ˦˳ȥպɨһˡ
һȵĻȸոպãλӵͬһϾǱǼӲȽС
ʹһλӱһɶˤڵء
ƷȺ֮УЩ׺ĶͽȭŹⶼȭϵʽԵǼΪĻң©ٳƷһȺ֮Уʱʱɨһȣ仨ˮ
ЩͽʹҽУ޷סƷĹ˼ҵȫĥ͸ʽȫ㣳ȴѵУÿһиɻ
磡Сӵʵ̫ˣöԸԶⳡսһλϻųª۵ɫ˵
ڼȷʵǲ򵥡мһλΨһԵñȽʵɫذĵ˵ͷĿһֱڽǼеƷ硣
ߣСǿǸС޶ѣѵǴĶ𣿡һλԵİСӲмĺߵ
ǴˣңҲûȥԸмλ˵
ʱƷʽ֮£ȫƾֽţǴʮλͽ޷֮ʤѾǷֵúˡ
Ʒƺǿıһ㣬һȭƷϻȥˣȴȫĲߡ
ΣŽƻһƷ磬ֻѡ˺սһȺһȺ˵ĳҪΧסƷ磬޴ӡ
ƷҲûҪӣ΢΢һƣ͵ڳ˫ȭӭλͽؿк˹ȥ
һԭŵλͽƷһȭȫ޸оһûС
˵ĺ棬ȴȺ⵽Ϯѽһ֮ķ˵ϡ
ɽţȭмΪǿһ֣ȻƷ绹ûдﵽľ磬ԸЩͽ˵ȴˡ
ʱ䣬λͽѾȫľסˣλûսеҲȫľסˡ
䣬˹ʽ
Ʒᣬջ˫ȭԵޱȵ
λͽӦ֮ʱ㷢ŪȭͷƷ֮ҵ˹ȥ
ǵʵ̫ˡƷ绺Ƴ˫ƣƾ֮Уǵһε
λͽȻһȻƽһƼΪƽȴ̺һǿ
飡
һλͽʹһӱ㵹˳ȥ
תۼ䣬ЩͽƷˡ
ɣƷĿתƵǰڵعϷȥЦЦ㲻ЩŶܿĶͽڷȥ
˽ƷȴǱмӸסˡ
ʱƷѾ߽˵ǰĿһӱм䴦ϡ
ѣΪ⣿ʵ
ΪƷ絭ص
Ǻǣ˼ӻվӣЦãҽɭޣ㣿
Ʒ硣ƷޱϣǿЩ
ߣСӣ̫ţԱǳͻȻƷŭ
ɭ޻ͷòӣ漴ֶƷЦȻڼǷǳʹޣоЩڼ˲ͬʽڳˣҲһ
ãҲһʵƷսĵ
ǺǣҪСˡɭЦѡ
ټ˱վ˿յ֮УΧЩͽŭɫվһߣʹϣɭ޿ԺúýѵһƷ硣
Ʒɫƽһʦķ緶ɭޡ
ɭһЦͻȻȼǿҵɫâǿһɷˣ˾Ǳһȼסһ㡣
ǽʦʵϣƷҪǿˡ
Ʒ粻üͷһ壬оɭͻȻ䱬ǱѰԼ֡
ƷȴǻȻ壬̽ǰֳצֱɭ޵̡
ɭһû뵽Ʒĳ־֮죬ɭ޵ķӦҲǼ졣
͵ģɭ޳ƷצлһȭǽƷצ֮ʱƷצӰȴǹŤתȥסɭ޵͵һ
ɭ޺ʱ˹ĳзʽЩղסӵģǰ¡
ʱƷѾٵȵϥǣѳɭŵжȥ
ɭ亹һڳ˫ȭ˹ȥ
һƷоһ飬˻ȥһʦʵȷʵǷͬѰȻԸ
ɭս˷״̬Ʒ类Լˣû˫ȭֱȥ
Ʒ۹һ裺ҾԿɡ
͵ģƷɴҲʽļɣڵӭ˫ȭĵ˹ȥ
һ̣˫ȭ˫֮ײɭ޵ȭŵǿҵĶ֮⣬ƷȴԵƽ棬ǸоκζϢȴǿԸо˫бƳơ
һƷһֻļӲȭͷ֮ʱֱ۶ٸһ飬ǿֱڡ
̲סƷһѪӿ˳ҡӲϵ˺ü
ɭҲҲǱڶƷǺ޶˫֮ʱĸоһǿĳ
ЩΧ۶ͽɫƺֻǲƾжѣû뵽ССƷ羹ڲʩö½һλʵﵽʦĸֱˡ
ʱƷɭޣȥߵѪʵսɡ
áɭһ㶣ʣǿԽ򵥵𣿡
Ǻǣ˼ʱУǣֵֻĶѡƷ䵭ĻصɭǴǷŭĿ⣬תߡ
漴ƷѰ˴˵ĵط£ʼϥ


4 ԭħô
ʱƷһߣЩͽǶǾƷʵ⿿ǰ
磬ѵõһκûᣬ硭ǳӲյĿɭ޵ǰ
似ǳرҲҵľɭ˫ھеƷ硣
ֵ˽¶ѾˡӲֵ
ߣ͸ЩˣʱȥŭʱҪǳʲôĻҿɲܵġɭ޲ĺһ
ŵһ亹ȥ
գƷɭһսƴУЩˣڵϢѭ֮󣬾ϲķ֣ڵǿЩ
ʵ̫ˣǰδͻƵľϣͻˡƷޱȵĿϲһȡ
΢ãƷѾȫĻָʱҹ£Ʒ羹Ǻоħ
ƷõϢ֪ħǷǳµģһ̶ȵʱ򣬱ɳΪϵ
ԭƷǲħ֮˵ģԴԼ֮Ʒˡ
νףǿڶ磬ʵΪȻӵѵħ֮壬ƷҲ˷˿ԼǿĻᡣ
漴ƷõĴħϢħΪҪľڤ룬ڤ벻ǿǿħԪزϵȥǿħԪء
ʵ֮˵ƷԭڵҲǰѧɾ͵Ʒ˵˵Ѿﵽʥ򼶱ˡ
뵽ڴˣƷѭ֮ƽʼڤ״̬ʵͬĴһ㡣ͬľǣƷ羹ǿĸоĸϵԪϢѵǲ֮ͬ
ƷĻȥ֮ɫĻԾħԪ֮УΧһжǷصĲһУ۵ס
ƷԸоЩͽǵÿһϸ΢ÿһڵ֮
һ£ȥħԪصƷѾǳ׵ıסˣħԪʵ̫ˡΧЩħԪԭֻηƷģȴǱƷǹرľסˡ
̼䣬ЩħԪؾͻȻ䱩ʼϵӿƷϡ
Ʒһ뵽ǿħĻҪħԪأƷϲĳ飬ЩħԪӿԼڡ
һӿƷ棬ЩֲͬԵħԪرĿʼչ˱ңƷڣӴڳƷӡ
Ʒ羪£뵽ħԪԹġƷۿԼеȫͬȻǿѾ˸ԵħԪأ˴˼ִĻĹܲҪˡ
뵽ڴˣƷ㿪ʼЩħԪ֮УȻԼռݵĿռ䲻ЩħԪءɴ࣬ƷһͨͨЩӿħԪض档
ʱ䣬Ʒӱ㱻ȫǸɫħԪظȫסˡ
һǿħʼϿзӿš
ɫɫɫɫɫɫֲͬԪؾƷ滯ΣȻ䣬ɫĹʣҫ˲ǰᰵһƬ
ͬʱҲһźɫ
󡭡磬ôԿôħԪأǳȫǲʹסƷȫľסˣ˸˵ŵѾǿʼˡ
ɭ޼һĻҲɫ亹ֱ૵ĵûûȻλħʦһһλǿޱȵħʦ
ħʦӺȻħʦСôֲȻûħҲ˵ô½еһʥĦ˹˿ħԪصںϣСӵľȻͬʱеħǡҲ̫˰ɣ
ӦһرĹӦ˵Ժ󽫻ܳԽһʥΰħʦɭ޳Ŵ˿֮еƷ磬ﾹǳһȵĹâ
ԽһʥŵһڵĿˮ
ΧЩͽȻֻЩѣҲǸоЩħԪŵһɿ
̼䣬ǾĿõƷΪЩħԪؾγ˸ɫʰ쵵Ĺ⻷ϵĻƷӶζš
һ̣ƷԵ˵͡ЩͽڸͰϢ֮ʱҲ𽥱ƽһ֮⡣
ʱЩħԪؾƷڣں֮Уõһȵǿħˮƽֱ߼ħʦľ磬ͻƵļ
Ʒ֮󣬴ʱѾǵ۵ĹâѾϿ֮ڣһޱȵݡ
Ʒ绺Ǵޱȵ˫ۣ˿˸еѪ³һ仰ħôô򵥰
⻰ЩͽٿƷ磬ȫȫŵһλ̬Ĺɵˡ
ƷɲǴŵĿ⣬ȴǹҽУϾֻǷ壬ӵȻҲǻġ
Ѱ˼Щʳ֮ͻȻһһ֮
ЩͽǵӦ˹˫۶ȻȻȥ
ԭʱ֮УǷλϵӥʿ
ӥʿڼرսʿӥ䲻
ʱǷɶӥ˫צ֮УǼһʻ顣ģЩӥ㽫Щצмŵ
ɼһ֮лĵȻλӥʿˡЩͽǱĳ˹ȥƴЩ飬˵ģͿٵ˺ҧš
Ʒ翴ǼΪĶģɲȥƴЩĵ⣬ʱҲࡣ
ǣƷĶӻǶˣܱߵĶɽۡϲķ֣Щʯ֮УǳЩĹӣֻǹڵĸ߶ԷԽϡ
ҲǶڳ˵ѣƷ粻ǳˣȻǲԳ۹ȥƷ硣
漴Ʒߵһɽڱߣɭ޵һӱע⵽Ʒ춯Ʒ硣
ţɭ޵˱㾪ĿƷǿұһԵ˵ӯһ̤ЩʯڲϵӣȻժŹӣӯƮڵء
һ̣ɭޣǺעЩͽƷ˹ȫֹͣסеĶ
ħ
ǣṦѾСɵƷ磬Щʯڵĸ߶ȣսԲǺܴġ
Ʒ粻Щͽ㵵Ŀ⣬ժµŹֺĳЩͽǵĽԶЩǣԳһĹӰ
ʱƷܰĳ֮ص˸ӣȻߵеɭǰһ˹ȥɣʵİɡ
ɭһ㶣ɵŽӹǷĹӣܳĵлл
漴ɭޱ㽫еĹҧһڣ˫۱ȻϲһҧȥһӱԽ˶棬ǲԶŵӿɲ֪жĽˮѾˡ
ƷɭĳԵǹӣʣó𣿡
ĲԹõĹӡɭмĻص
ǺáƷ˫ͻȻһ裬ӦÿԺúսһ˰ɡ
ɭһ㶣ųսƷ磬еսҲǱ˷ܵĺȵã
ƷǱ߹һĨЦݣȥ
ɭ޻Ȼ壬˫ȭǿ⣬һɾ磬˲սһ
Щͽǿ֮󣬾ѪϵһƬţ涼ķ
ɭƷ綷ޱȼ֮ʱ֮УһϵӰ˳ն
һλŻɫµӣ֮䣬йǿѹȸС
⡭⺢ôͻȻôǿˡӾĸ·ιսƷ磬ǲš


5 
ʱţת֮䣬ƷħѾµʱˡ
̶̵ʱƷ綼ɭ޽似һûʹκμɵɭ޽ϵĻһʼɭǿЩʱƣƷʵǿ˿٣ɭȴԽѵС
ڣµʱ䣬ƷӴгɹͻ˵磬磬ҲнʦʵˣҲһСˡ
ʵĽٶȻˣΪƷһֱоħ
ħҪħΪΪƣǿЩµߵĻﻹû类˸Űˡ
ԣµʱƷƾųǿľħܴﵽĳܼ£Ʒ綼˲ħֱǶߵجΡ
գƷԸԳʵҲǴüħдȥҲûˡΪ˱ʾɭ޵ĸмƷٱ֮ʱȥɭޡ
ллʱһͬƷ绳имĶɭ˵
ǺǣؿĻҲѧණɭϰЦЦ
ţǾʹ˵ɣԵټƷɫ˵ͱ䣬תߡ
֣¡ɭ޼ûסƷ硣
ô𣿡Ʒͷɭޡ
ɭ޹һ㣬ʵԺԸ𣿡
ţԡƷɫ䵭ֵҪҵĻҲҪߣӿܻñڸܣ
ţҲ£ֻҪܸͿˡɭгȡ
磡
Щͽ֮ȴǶΧ˹Ȼ֪ܸʵǿݵλƷ˵ԺҲͲܿˣЩͽǶɭҲǲС
ɭҲǼΪᣬ˵λֵܾͷİɣлǿԳˣһǵĴ硣
Ʒĳɲϲ䵭ĵɭޣʱȺúôɣһ׵ٰӳ
ţ˷ģһúõġɭ޼
Ʒ룬ӻó˱򵥵ȭͷؼݹɭޣ˵ȭȽʺ㣬ȥúòɡ
ɭһ㶣Ǹжлл
Ʒ絭ĵ˵ͷ̤ǹĲʩչṦ֮Щͽ𺧾Ŀ֮УƷѾħȥˡ
ʱħ֮⣬λȻǡ
ͻȻ䣬һӰϿմӹ
˭
͵һսе
ǵӰȴһ㣬ű㿴ƷϤӰ
үһ㶣ͷȥ㵵ķʯûжġ
ƷЦЦλãû뵽ôּˡ
ɵɵĻӦŵ˵ͷһλ̲סʵүǴģΪפһָоûУ
ǴġƷ絭Цָָ档
棿
ȫľɵסˣͷʮɵĸ߷壬ǽȻһ١үôܣ
˴лع֮󣬷ʱƷѾԶˡ

۶ȷʵһĵط
ĴȱȿɼߺȵңҲңȻеĹٱҲɢеĹӵܡĦࡣ
Ʒڴ֮ϣûֱӻڼ壬Ϊһȫµ磬ƷбҪȥ˽һһС
ļ֮УԭȵġƷ硱ƺȽٳߣƷڴҲûϵƷڼˡ
ţƷһǰͣסˡ
̿ƺûʲôرֻ˵ѣҲǲôÿԵñȽϼªֵľҵ̵Ĺ췽ʽȻ˵ҪСࡣ
̣ĵǲСƷܸȤЦЦź棬̤ǵ֮С
ſҪСЩƷҲ΢΢Ӳſɽ롣
һ棬е㰵Ҳй
ã濴ԵôһЩ
ƷѰ˼ţһֿͻȻ䴫˹ã߹Ŀˡ
ѭȥƷ㾪ĿһλͷֳӽһߵİСӻǼִͦıӣǶԲڴƷ硣
еİôǸе٪ôأƷţĽǰˡ
ǰƺԸƷ綢ãЦǺǣΪһֵɣ
Ʒһ㶣ŷӦеİΪóľǴˡ
뵽ڴˣƷſʼĴһУĴǽ϶ǹ˸ʽʽϵ廨ŵģƷȴûһ
ǰ˻⣬ǰЦˣЩеľƷһȥ۸ġ
ҲЩġƷεЦЦ
ޣ޷ǿ㿴ҲԵġǰƵЦ
šƷ΢΢ͷƺ뵽ԼҲаʺԼǰˣˣмҾĶôʺңɷرһ
ǿû⣬ǰһΪóľǴʽк˵ֻҪҶܰһǰ˵ɫͻȻý
Ʒһϲƾе뷨ͰҴһǿӲĹӰɣҲ׳Ϳˡ
ӣǰɵסˣεʵӾôǿҲ˲˰
ǺǣҵĻȥͿˣҵô֪𣿡ƷЦʡ
СУǰæⶼǿ˵ҪҲֻܾȥ㡣
Ǿ̫лˡƷмƷ֮ѡһΪ˸õƷʱɱˡ
ʱǰʵˣҪʲôʱأ
Ʒ룬صʱʱԻãĻһȥ֮͹𣿡
Уû⣬ͷİɣһᰴķԸΪһǿǰһŵĵ˵ͷ
ǾȸˡƷ繧˹֣תȥ
̣߳ƷҲǹòˣҲûȥˣȻĸҪˡ
ڣƷУΪľˡ
ϧƷؼҵ·߳ã㱻һİƵлסˡ
Ʒֵܣ
һλûǲϷƤЦӭ¸߹ݲʵҲŸ߼ʿʵ
ں棬λͬǿݲ꣬¶Ц⣬ƺԵò̫ơ
Ʒüͷһ壬ͻȻļλĸ߹ӵܣԺеļ֪⼸˶رݵˣ۶Ҳû˭ȥŭǣƽʱѹ˿ɲ١
رϷ꣬丸۹Ψһһλ󹫾ΨһӲ˹ȵ۰
ǰƷ͵֮ܳʱǣûٱǼ۸
һǣƷ벻¶ˡ
ڵƷ
ԲᣬƷ绹ĵĲˣԭȵ˸ԼģΪԼúõȥһɡ


6 ǿĳħ
Χ۵ˣһǲ˹ǣ鲻ԽƷǱȥȻһ
֮ǰƷϢѾǴʶͬҲ֮ǰƷٶȸϢǴʶʱɲ֪˶˵ۡ
ڣ˼Ʒٴ˹ǵʱֻбʾͬ顣
Ϊǰʱ򣬵Ʒ˹ǵʱ򣬲˹ǶȥƷ硣ÿΣƷ类˹Ǳ衣
ޣԭǲ˹ֵǰƷ羹Ǻܷ΢ЦŴк
˹һ㶣Χ۵˶ǱƷĻסˣ⸴֮Ʒ粻Ǳɵ˰ɡҪǰĻƷ϶ŵþ͵ˡ
һλƱȽϻƺƷĲԾ΢΢̽˹С˹ֵܣҿСӲͬգҿ˰ɡ
ˣ˹һߵѵүҪ𣿡
˵𣿡Ʒ֪ʰЦ
ԣûү˵ľ㡣˹˳ƷĻĻص
ޣǽʲôϷأƷ²ʵ
ѾȫĴˡ
˼ףүǲɵ˰
ңǰȻôôɵȥҪأ
˱ܾãյүƺ̫һ

ΧУ׷֮Ʒͷ㣬˻Ϊ֮ƷǱɵˡ
˹ݰ˻Ʒտô£ͳʵϷɡ
Ǻǣڷ㡣Ʒ粻ΪȻĻЦһ
˹һ£ȻƷЩԾҲǲţһȥĲڶ̶ʱǿ
漴˹Ʒ˵յϷܼ򵥣ÿ˸һУʽޣܻκһ˵ĻǾͻᵱŴҵſڵϣȦʮȦ֮㱻ÿ˻еĻǾ䣬ɾҪȦʮȦΣ
Ϸȷʵ˸еߣ˵׶ƷҪԿ
ΪƷѡƵϷȻҪƵƷ˹ǵǸʲôġһοɲͬЦƷһڱӦˣðɣϷôɡ
ȻƷǺһ㣬ȥƷĻƺûʲôر
˹أļҵףΪԭǱȳ˸ߣò˹˵ڶи߼ʿʵˣλӣҲмʿʵԳĻκһ˶ԸƷ綼׿׿ˡ
ϧƷѾﵽ˵㣬統УҲǾ߱˽ʦʵ
뵽ڴˣƾŲ˹жƷıӣѾʼ
ڿԿʼ𣿡Ʒ粻ʡ
ǺǣȻʱء˹һЦ
ŶҾͲˡƷǱ߹һĨЦ⡣
Ȼ֮䣬˹ƾΪߵƺΧ𽥵ӿһơ
Ʒȥ֮ʱƷһһζЦӣȻסˡ
˹ɫһߵλһϣСӲƶѡ
䣬λ꣬ȭͷŰɫĶâֱƷǰŭȥ
һƷǰ֮ʱ˫ǿ͵ȭͷѾ治ɫƷ硣
ˣ
˹ϲɾǾϲ̫ˡ
ֻԭеȭͷҪƽƷϵʱƷ羹ǹӣ˵Ĺ˲˿ա
һƾԶܹλмʿԶͨ
˹Ҳǲţʵŭȵͣ¹СӲöѡ
λͬʱӦҧٵӵһߣƷγҰΧ֮ơ
壡
λͬʱһȭͷƷǰֱ˹ȥ
һȭ˴˼ͬĹ켣˴˼˹ȥ
һˣλȭͷȴǽһ𣬶ƷĹѾһߡ
λʵǲ࣬ȭͷһ˱ȫһǿĶֱ˸ߵ˳ݺݵƨŵأʹ۴С
ʲô
˹Ǿסˣ˵һĻǵڶξȫ汾ˡ
亹֮У˹Ȳ޵ĳҶһϰɣСǲͷֵܶ˵ļл
ʱ䣬ǳ˿λ꣬ǲ˹ˣû뵽Ʒ羹ǱƵǶһˡΧȺһĻ󣬳ǱŲ˹ǵ޳ܣоƷͻȻչֳǿʵ
Χ۵˵ĵľǣƷܶԸ˲˹˵Ϲ
ƷŲ˹˵͹ƣѾǷɢ˸ѾƷеĿռ伸סˡ
ǺǣڸǷʱˡƷһЦ
ģƷĽżŵٵƶŵʱǿľͨΧħԪأħļ֮£Ʒ֮У̼۳Ż
ʲôħʦ
еĲ˹ǽȻɫ䣬ΧȺǾֵĵɴǲŵ˫ۡ
ƷһЦλǳ͸ǵļɡ
ȻƷ罫еĻŲ˹ǵķ˳ȥ
˹ֻ£ǲмĻȭͷЩлȥΪǿɲΪǹƲһ򵥵ĳħ
ǻȻֻǼ򵥵ĳħǿ֮µƷоǲһˡ
ۼŻ򼴽ЩǿӲȭͷеʱЩǹһΪСȻһһĻѿһΪΪģ˲˰˵򡣶ЩΪĽƻǿԿȥƿǵĹȻԻЩϡ
ʣµĻ򣬱̼ͨͨ˲˹ϣʹǲ˹Ѿɢеһ򣬵Ǳϡ
Ȼ䣬˵ϱ˻
ǻ𣡲̣
˹ǾǾźƴϷšЩСɲǼ򵥵ĳǾƷرѹԾСѾħˣ˹ԭǻ֮ģȻ޷ס
Ʒ粻һ˫˫𾪵ȤζĳŵϷŵĲ˹ЦǰɣǾ͸ˮɡ
˵꣬Ʒϣǿٵ۳һˮţƯڿա
˿һĻ󣬾òˡ
ˮϵħиղŵĻϵħһǲĬ˲۷ͽЩչʾƷ粻ħ츳
˵֮УƷ۳ˮű׷˲˹ǵϡ
۵һҽ֮˹ǵϱ˻˻ðŻƱˮʪ̣ЩˮſɲͨˮǾħıˮͻȻ䲴˹ǵ⵽˴̹ǵ䣬͸ҽС
˹ٶվʱǱĻʲôӵܵģ
ΧˣһǰԳˬһǱƷչֳħʵסˡ
ȫıƷ磬⻹ʢǷϲĲƷ


7 
˿̣ƷǿħʵȻ˶סˡΧۼֵȺҲԽԽֳ࣬˴ɧǳǱĻҲҪһʱ䡣
ʱǱĲ˹ǾǱƷˣת
Ǻǣλ𣿡ƷĳŲ˹Цʵ
쵰˹ݵվӣŭλֵܣСӿˣһˣ
ȷʵ˹Ǻʱܹ˴裬ǵŴڵ棬Ѿʧȥˡ
ټŭĲ˹ǣû뵽оǷ׷׳ϬĳǶƷѾɱˡ
ƷȻ壬ϷʵЦǺǣ˼𡣡
ߣȥ
˹ȳ嵽ƷǰսһЯɫĶ֮⣬ӭƷỮ˹ȥ
δһɫϮ˹
Ʒ׼һϮ֮ʱŲһѾԾ
ƷԾʱͽȻֳһذСУʮ
ݵһӿհЩεһбӭŲ˹Ÿճλķ˹ȥ
MDȻǷУ
˹˴󾪣ʱ˶ƷĹеĳȥֵЩС
Ⱥ֮УЩķУǾĻȻһΪƷѾʹ˵ԵħˣƾӵħԵʵƷڶ½ˡ
飡飡飡
һ˹Ǻò״ڻȥЩС
ʱƷҲЦ⣬аƮڵء
ߣֵǣϣ˹ŭѾˣ𳤽Ʒǰȥ
Ϊͽ𣿡ƷͳһֺչԾķԪӿ۵ƷϿٵķС
֮У˹ͫױͽһã
䣬Щܼķбͻĳų֮еĲ˹ǵϼ˹

һ󾪽Уʵ̫ˣʹǲ˹ǵס˲٣Ȼķд˲˹ǵķȦЩžУһϮ˲˹ǵӡ
ۼЩķмѪȳʱû뵽ЩоƷ糬ǿľ֮£ЩȻûл˹ǵӣȴǻ
־ģ˹ǾǱһХľŵý˫ۣ亹ֱš
һжƽ֮ڲ˹ǵĶߣʹһƬЦ֮
һۣܱ߳ЦȺȻ㷢ԼϵȻǱЩиˣǻէйˡ
˹࣬˹ǲȻŭŭȵƷ磡үҪɱ㣡
˵ֻ꣬в˹һˣվųŭɱƷ硣
ϧǵ˹ƷǰʱֻƷ΢΢һ̧֡
˹㾪ĿӦ˶Ŀ
һ̣Ʒһֵ̧ʱһǽǴӵصпٵƷǰ
ǽѧϰϵħʱΪһħħǿȡǽǿӲȡ
飡
һǿҵײ֮죬ӦȴֹסεĲ˹ͺݺݵײǽϣҲôܣ
ûʲôܵġǽѾɢȥ¶ƷޱӰ
ڣеڿСƷ磬ǵԵޱȵĸߴǵУƷѾǿһĴˡ
ǽһԵħʱƷѾչֲֳͬħˣħǴﵽ˸߼ħʦˮƽǾǿûǸδ֪
ô½УԹħģҲ羴ĵһʥĦ˹ˡڣСС͵Ʒ羹ڶ̶µʱӵǿϵħԴʱ˿е𺧣Ѿ޷ݳˡ
һ̣ѹĲ˹Ҳǳ׵ıƷʵˡ
Ʒ粻Ų˹һۣⳡϷԶĽ˰ɣڶעĽҲˣϣԺΪ֮
˵꣬Ʒת䣬ﳤȥ𽥵ʧȺ֮С
˹ǻԭɵţƺڳ˼Ʒղ˵ĻЩǱˣججĲ˹ǶѾǵˡ
ˣղСӵħʵǿ
ţ뾫ĻѾǴﵽȾ˰ɡ
ʲô
Ⱥ֮У۵̸û˳ֺȵȺ֮С
һ쿪ʼƷӵǿϵħԵʼ۹еĻʶпʼ糱ˮɢ˳ȥ

ƷΪ˱ܿЩȺصĴ˻Ѱû᷵ڼС
һڼĴţЩҲǲֻϴž֮ɫ
Ʒ羶ֱԼסԺȥ;ȴǱ峤ɵλϽסƷĸԭĸ׷ưڣɫԵñȽࡣ
Ʒ羪£ʵ峤ǣ
ѾֳٵľˣԺҪвٵ鷳ˡưɫǵ˵
Ʒһû뵽Ϣû죬ԼֻǳЩϢѾ֪ˣҲ֤ڼǿ
Ʒ絹ǾЩνĻصĸףЩʲô𣿡
ȻСϵ峤˵㱾Ǹ֮ҲѴʶھڴչʾ˾˵ħ츳´ȥ֮󣬴½ǱصᶼڼΪĿ꣬㣬Σ
ԣƷһôص⾹Ȼû뵽
ưȼƷ羪Ȼ֮ɫæɣ峤а취
취ûУڼҲǲˣΪҪҪ÷ʵԺǳĻҲԱ֮Ȼ
峤ǷǷòμӺ峤֮ѡĿأԭͻȻʵ
ţ˿϶ҪģϾѾ߱˾峤֮λˡд͵Ʒ硣
һߵĴɵǻ֮󣬲üͷƺԵò̫ˡ
Ʒ絹ν㣬Ķ˵峤λõǺܸȤֻԼܹǿѡ
⻰ɵ˽Ȼһ漴Ц
СС;ôǰ;ɸƷˡ
ưεҡҡͷв֪ԼĶ仯Ǻûǻ˵峤һҪ˵ȥˡ
ţȥɣǵ÷𵽴ܣں峤֮ѡ˻δʼ֮ǰͲ߶ˡɲѵ
ţסƷ˵ͷ
漴Ʒĸ׷ưһͬ뿪ˣĸӷֿµʱ䣬ȻĻҪ˵ˡ
ߺԭ㵣ǵɣ峤Ҷû𣿡
Ǻǣĵܣ㵣ʲôڼʵɲģЩԲԿҲڷԭȤЦ
ţڼ½ǧ꣬ʲôû⡣
⻰ԭҲûٹˣܾҪԼĶԽɫĻǱڵΣվԽࡣ


8 ù
ʲôҶǱڼǸСˣ
ڰ֮УһλӲȻŭ֮ǶƷˡ
ǲ˹ĸף۹һλ󹫾
ڴ֮£λŵձߣ亹ŹˣȷʵǧȷѾʶˡ
ߣô˵ڼǸСǾ߱ϵħ֮˫ձߡ
ûڼƷ˵ǰµʱʧӰϷ²ƷµʱõʲôرĻ߻ֵ̿Ĳ²
˼˻ɫݵĻصҸ㣬ܸʲôۣһҪƷǲ鲻Ļ뾡취Ʒˣ𣿡
ǣϷȥ졣ձ߾ĵ˵ͷȥ

¹죬Ʒӵϵħ֮ϢѾǿ촫۹ʶ֮УŹƷĴԣҴԽӵ
ǣƷӵеȫϵ֮壬ǻŸǿʵǿֲô½Ҫ˰ɡ
ֵúҵʱƷȴǶڷ
ʮˣƷڡƷ硱ʮʱŵõƷʮ˷ѵʱ䶼ҪӱĲ
ҲǶʱͿɴٳɣ¶ǽѭȻ߻ħ
ǲϰƷĳħ֮С
ħ˵зָԣÿ֮䣬ǼڣҲǿԵģħ֮УֲͬԵħڴﵽһ֮ʱǿԽֲͬħںǿĸħ
Ʒѧ֮ѧоħĸչ鵽׶һܳƵѡ
뵽ڴˣƷС۳һСȻڳһ۳һСˮţǿľ֮£ССˮž뿪ƷӣƯ˰С
ƷЦЦǺķֱ۳СţС򣬾ȫϵħԪضˡ
ǺǣȻǸԪħĹ磬ҾͲܽЩħԪظں𣿡
ƾǰ޹˵Ĵ뷨ƷڷǿȫϵħԪص
˿Ʒ⽫ħԪںĻǿѾŵþֲѡ
ãƷֵ֮չһģЩħԪظоƷеħʦ߶ȫĲһǷǳϲȥӽƷ磬ԴƷӵǿԪ׺ƾƷ糬ǿľ£Щ۳ħԪžƷĿ𽥵ںš
ʱ䣬֮УħԪضڻԾţɫĹâ̼סҡ
Ʒ羪ϲˣˣǿԣ
ЩħԪضƷǿľںϣ۵ŨҲǸȷݵģںϵʱ붼øոպãЩħԪزܼںϡ
ǣƷоЩħԪ֮ʱȴ֪Ѿվ˽ˡ
رǣڼ峤Ĵ϶ǵˣλڼһЩҪʿͨͨۼϾƷںЩħԪصʱͷŵʵ̫ǿˣѾǾڼˡ
ԣǲѭһͬ̽鵽¾ŵƷֻܰվĲԶԵ˹İֻǳصһƬ֮
塭峤Ƕо˰ɡԭʡ
Соˣǿ峤ѾǾöͷ亹ͷΨһԶһЩħĶޣϣħЩڵȽ
ʱҲǾһʿˮźȻص峤ħԪѾǲ쳣ĻԾǿȣ¾ħʿԪɡ
ʲôħʿ
֮󣬽ȻһƬ𾪡
ݹô½еħʷ˭ܹڶ̶ħﵽħʿˮƽһӵȫϵħ֮壬ʵ̫ˡ
ԭưޣڵ״ȴһֱڵţֻϣǵĺӿԿˡ
Ʒ粻֪ԼʱѾڼˣȻھĻӻؼòħԪںϡ
ʱĲƣƷںħԪصʵҲǻ˳ĳɹȴǳ˸ɫǿħԪء
û취־ǹƷԪ׺ʵ̫ǿˡ
ͻȻ䣬ƷһȻۼôħԪأɴҲͱ˷ˡ
뵽ڴˣȻƺ̰һƷ磬ƾǿľǽסħԪضڡ
ǣƷЩӴħԪ֮ʱ㿪ʼеˡû뵽ǣЩħԪʵ̫ˣһһӾͨͨӿƷڡ
ˣˣ
Ʒ羪ĺţЩӴħԪصӿ룬Ʒħڷٵǿš
ȻƷ粻֪Լħж٣һǳ˸߼ħʦħ硣
Ʒǳ̫ܲħԪأǷܶһԶ˾ͻ˵ġ
뵽ڴˣһɥŵƷ޲ȥֹЩħԪصӿ룬Ѿû취ˣҪȥĻԼӾôǿᣬҲҪЩħԪظűӡ
ˣҺ뻶ӭλļ룬ȷʵû취ˣֻܶԲˡƷε˵š
ټƷǿľЩħԪص롣
Ȼ䣬ЩϵħԪرֹħԪص򱻶£۵ӴԪؾҲòΪƽ͵ڹΪһ塣Ҳ˵ϵħԪѾʧȥԭеƽ⣬Ѿ޷ںΪһ塣
Ʒ͵һо˿ѹ׳ħԪصĲԾͫױͻã
⣬ħЩ˽ĶͻȻžãҿӣ
ϧû˵꣬е˸ȫûзӦƷķв˿ըͻȻ䱬ըһ㡣
䣡
һ޴ıը֮죬ǿ͵һֻƷķб׷飬һ޴Ģƣ񾢵˾Ƭ̳
˷Ӧ֮ʱѾҵһ⣬ɢӣֻʵǿ˻վԭر򶨣ѾһƬݡ
һжƽƷԭסѾǳΪһƬǽ壬ǳ˷棬Ʒǰȴʧˡ
ưȵӦһʹֱǷгȥ
̫ˣ˻ûüֹưȡ
ͻȻһֱһɫâһʥӰ㻺˳
Ȼ䣬˶Ǿȫϵ仯Ʒ磬涼ľסˣеķưȶɵվסˡ
ֱâɢ֮ȫòƷһĴö˶˵ôָˣ浹ù
ù
ȫȻȫľסˣ飬û뵽Ʒ羹Ȼ˵ǵù
ڣ˳𾪻𾪣ǰƷ磬ѾڿһĹˡ


9 ħÿռ
ΣƷħʱ򣬽ݶըˡ
峤ǶԴȴеȴǱƷ糬ǿħ츳סˣڼ˸ӸжȥĻƷ糬һʥûģǴﵽ˴˵еķ֮Ҳǲ޿ܵġ
ԣƷ粻ûбرŵ˸ûķԺ֮С
ֱǹ֮ƷѾħʿħȶҲõЩǿ
峿ʡ
ڵƷƿ˷ţɫգ̾ţѾˣһܻȥ
ţԶưȱϲ˹һߺ
Ʒ粻ɻͷǰ𽥶ĸףǺͰ׵ݣвһܰһЦҲҲŻȥΪѾ˰ҵˡ
΢ЦĸǰƷЦʣĸףʲôôأ
ưȻһ¼飬ϲõЦ峤֮ѡڽ쿪ʼˣ峤صҽȥأһ˷ݴأ
Ʒɻ
šưȼĵ˵ͷæóһɫĽָݵƷǰЦ䣬ڼѵһ䱦
ƷɻĽӹ䣬ָǸ߽ʴɵľƷԵкر֮ʣкôأ
ǺǣһѪȥԡưذЦЦ
ɻƷָҧ˵Ѫĵ档
ʱѪеʱ򣬾֮УƺйԼĶڽ˹ɾ񲨶ԴС
Ʒǿľ̽˹ȥķ֣оеΧϵĿռ䡣
ãջ˾֮Ʒ㿴Цݵķưȣĸף浽ʲô
ǺǣһƷĿռָԴŴ֮ԺǳߵĻЩҪĶǺܷġư΢΢һЦ
Ʒ֮Ŀ࣬û뵽оȻдĶǻħһʲôʲô
ưЦžôסƷ磬Ц˷Ǹˣ峤ǱѾȲˡ
ţǾ͸Ͻ߰ɡƷϲ˳ָֽϡ

鳡Χټ󣬲֮أڼľٰشĵط
ʱƷĸ׷ư鳡У鳡ϣѾǾۼڼегԱΪ¹غ峤֮ѡ֮أնԵñȽ࣬ҳ峤˵Ļеˣкεȵĸ߹󣬶ǲԽ롣
Ʒ磬ڼΪҫ۵Ĵڣ˵Ҳκ峤֮ѡһš
Ƭ̣Ʒ߽ټ鳡֮ʱһ˫˫Ϭֱ˹
Ʒǰɲ֪˶ٷˣжٴûһ˫˫ɨ䣬ƷԵ˵򶨣ǰͦأ󲽳ǰȷһɴߵķ緶
ƾⲻƣȫȻ𾪵ĽƷ硣
⣬ĻǰȥƷʻϣȫıһƵġһԶЦݵķưȴȫıˡ
峤ɼˣ΢Цĵ˵ͷΪƷĸԭΪԼĺӶеޱȵԺ
ΧЩƷ֮ͬˣȴǶƷ簵Զʼɡ
鳡ϣƷפͣŲ˫ɨ֮Уƽĳ峤µδܼʱ峤λ¡
˾ޣƷ֮ʣһȡ
ЦݣЦտɫڴ˴οаհɡ
ɥС峤ְֲʤΣȴϣλϣԵõλǵָ㣬мƷ͵Ļص
⻰гԽǶƷеͣһЩʼ֮ߣоƷα
ɵʾ֮£ƷЩ󱲱ۼ鳡м䣬жʮˡ޹ߣֻΧܱߡ
ɲϣڳˣһȻĳգڼٰΪҪĺ峤֮ѡΪڼ峤ְҪ߱ĲܣҪһǿʵվҪиλľӢչʾʵʱһĿԴɡ
䣬̼伤ҵĻΪЩӵܶȲʡ
ֹɼֵ峤֮λĿ˹򣬶巨ʵСȵһ濼飬λҪħÿռʮգκηʽȥ;գǾԼټȥֻҪ䷨ɴħÿռаȻҪסһǰħÿռѾʧȥ˿˵ʸλأ
ţλ׼˵ĻǾͿʽʽĿˣڷ
ƷЩ飬ɵλϱշֱ鳡Ͽ֮С鳡м֮еʯ
Ʒ˺Ŀע֮£ĴϾѪֱڵ֮С
Ȼ䣬һĻˡ
ֻڵҫһǿҵĽɫâһϿֲϢɢ˳ȥֱľѣ亹ǵ֮УһɫĶڱһɾǿи˺˿һУã˭Ҳ֪Σա
ɼһж׼򵥵Ʒ˴˴ħÿռгˣܿߣھͿԽȥˣ
ԣЩ鳡ек󱲣һһǶ̤˽ȥʧ
ֻǼ򵥵ĵһʹǺ£Ҳȥη壬Ϊ㽫õȫ˵ıġ
Ʒ֮ʱɻͷΪԼЦݵĸףӱصĶ֮С
붴ڣȻʣǰһУȴ𾪵
Ϊ沢ʲôΣյĵط
ɽˮлвݣԵ˵ʣһжԵ˺гֱľѸء
֮̾࣬һλɫĮ߽ƷǰʵһĻҲЩ
Ʒһ㶣ŷֽ˶Ѿ齨һСŶˣֻǰλԸȽϹ±ٵŻҵԼ
ƷͲҪȥ齨ʲôСŶӣԼ׸Ÿء
漴ƷǸĶЦǺǣ˼㻹Ѱ˰ɣһֱǶйˡ
ŶӦÿɸɴ࣬ת뿪ˡ
ƷεҡҡͷѰߣһ΢Ϥָеİش˹ܣ
ƷٸһͷѭһһλɫݸĿӳֵƷǰӣƺƷ֮


10 ʷǿ͵ķʦ
磬ô㣿Ʒɻʡ
Ǻǣĸײ㣬ͽҸˡ΢Цǰ
ԭƷ磬ǡ
Ϊ۹еĵʿŵĸųʵѾǾ˴ʦʵ峤֮λҲǺ޸Ȥ˴νħÿռ䣬ҪҲΪ˱Ʒİȫѡ
Ʒ֪ǵ⣬һůЦ磬㻹ǻȥɣҿӦġ
ǿɲС˵ħÿռޣõĻҪʥ޵ĻǿɾˡߵĻҲиӦʮ㰲Ȼȹûġ
ǺǣοҲͱûκˡƷ絭һЦֵĺƷˣƷҪƾԼʵȥȹʮ죡
ãǵ׵ܵܣǼĵ
Ʒסˣĵǡ
΢΢һЦĵȻĸҪһҪ㣬ҪȫİȹʮĻǲܵġղҲֻ̽һѣȻûʧ
ǴڿԻȥ˰ɡƷֱ亹
ǿɲСһڻؾЦǲɣЩСħ޵ĻȥЩʵǿħޣǾҳְɣһҲʵǿԱȫǶкô
ǺðɡƷ˵ͷֵҪҶԸ˵ʱͷæˡ
šϿЦ⡣
漴ֵˣһսһʦ㿪ʼħÿռ޾ɭε
ħÿռ䣬˵ȵõİŲһռ䣬һУƼ٣⵽ĻΣȫΪħÿռ棬Ǳ׶ħޣǿµʥ޶С
ɭܴ󣬸齨СŶӶǷ˸򣬿ʼżյ֮·

ʱ䣬Ǻܿ죬תۼ䣬ȥˡ
ҲСŶЩ鷳Щ߻߻ڼ֮·ЩѾź뿪
Ʒֵˣȴ޼ɵĴּ䣬ڼĶЩСħޡƷΪ˸ӾħԸЩħ֮ʱħģûʩչκε似
Ʒħĳ̶ѾǱøǿˡ
磬ǰй΢Ϣ鷳ˡƷľǿ֮ڵķΧĸӦĵ
ǲһɻΪһоûУ
ţȹȥ˵ɡƷ˵
дź棬ֻƷȥ
һƬƬĸߴݴԣƷľ裬С̽ǰš
еĲݴԿ챻֮ʱݵһһɫĽâͻȻϮ˹
Сģ
ǷӦÿ죬ٵĻӳһֱ˹ȥ
һǰɫâ˲㱻еĳ˺ˣܱߵĲݴȴǱһը˿
ţ˱㾪ĿǵĲԶоħ޵ʬɵڵأлŵѪȳζ˳ʬǰȥλų˺۵Ʒߣ˾Ӧ͵ϮħްɣԸղŲŻԵ˵Ľš
Ʒ翴֮ȴǾ£ΪǵսħÿռʱƷŶӵˡ
ǶӸеϤģû°ɡ
Ǵ硭˵Ե֮󣬱
ģæ˹ȥӣܵ˺أøϿȥơ
Ҳôʧܶ飬ȻҸһҺʧġӺִܹĻ˻֡
Ǽˣ߹ƷȴͻȻ˵磬Ұɡ
˶Ȼһ԰ˣƷʵħʦ޸ƵĻǿûʲôġ
ܣǾͿɣҿ֧Ųȥˡǽ
šƷɫĵ˵ͷӣ̧֣¶ָ
˾Ŀע֮£Ʒָӵ˿йɵĵš
ӸеʹǺţȻȻ֣ӾȻʹˣ˿ϵѪҲûˡ˹ָȫĲие˼Ϊ𾪡
ʵղƷʱסӵѪͲѪֹˡ
Ʒ㻺ۣӦ˿еĹħԪء
̼䣬Ʒ˫֮Уٵ۳ɫţƷӵƽ˫еĹţʥĹâ֮У̰Ļӵϡ
һ̣һĻˡ
ԡʥĹ֮УϵѪȥϵ˿ڶۿɼš
˿Ŀɿڴϲһ˵ˣȻ˲ָԭ
һϣƷӵϿٵĵֵ㣬ȻЦǺǣˣûˣ
һһȫ°ӣδӾлع
δüˣһͻȻǿ͵һΧƬƬҶɢ
˽Ȼһͷȥ
ⲻźãһȴһ
Ϊǵǰվһͷ޴Ĺ
ǹͷϳһ䵶һļǣҲ˳׳֫ɫķƺԵüΪĸӲ
ţޣһ
ţޣƷסˣϸͷԼеţ࣬ԶԶûǰͷ׺ѡ
еħޣǿɷΪּ𣬷Ϊһ߽ף߽֮󣬱ǿµʥޣоǴ˵еޡħǿ֮ͬ䣬Ҫ΢ǿ˵㡣Ʒĸţ޾ĽħޣŽʦʵǿȴʦôöԸ
𣡡
ţ޳ƷٴʾԵŭһѪζģʵ֣Ǹӵ׶ˡ
ǵϬĳɫĶƷ˵ܣţ޶ħߵģһ߱ģһͽҰɣ
Լɣ
Ʒ絭Ӧ˼ǵǰ
ӽȻһţ޶ħߵģѵƷ绹ȥսǸţ
뵽ڴˣԵЩĳܣ֣㻹Ǵһ߰ɡ
һҿԶԸˣƷ˸һŵ⣬һǿҵս⡣
㵣δüֹƷ磬ƷѾǸţǰ̤˹ȥ
Ʒε̾ϢֻվһԡΪԷһǾŽǸţޡ
ҲǾ㵵ĽƷ磬ղƷʩԼ֮ʱѾӶƷħʦȥǿĸţޣ˸еա
ţ޼СƷ羹ǸԼṳ̆š
ƷȻ壬ӹ⣬Ǳ߹һЦ⡣
һ£˾Ŀע֮£Ʒ羹һ㣬ȭͷֱǸţг˹ȥ
ˣǷһħʦϸǸоκζϢƷ羹ǵȭֱ롣
Ǹţ޼ƷȭƺҲǸоƷһȭкǱĵĵȥ
ƷһЦҪľЧ
ټٽǸţ޾޴֮ʱ˫͵һſٵԾ𣬻ȭͷȭΪƣǿעС
šơƣ
һŭ֮Ʒķȥ֮ƣǿ֮ݺݵǸţ޼Ӳͷ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ƾͷϵһɿֲǿ͵Ϯž磬ܱҶ¡
ǸţʹĴһеͷҵǱһǿ͵Ƶ󷭵ȥ
һţ޾޴Ӳӳĵ£صѹѿ˵棬Ȼ滹¡¡š
Ʒ缫ΪƮ䣬ľǵµĸţǰ
ӣúϲ£죬۾ɵһˣͷϷŵҶ˸
⻭棬𺧣ʵ̫ˣһħʦһħʦͽֽǿĽ׼ħ޸ָһƻˡ


11 ɽţ
Ʒǰִеָ֣ڸѧƾǿһʽ
ţޱУʹǿƷСƾ֮£ҲҪвС𵴡
ϧľǣţ޵̫ǿˡ
˲ãԵЩĸţޱͺżվ
ǿţ޲ûȫıƷģƷȻţ㲻ɷ뷨һ۴վһߡ
ʱǸţ޷ŭվӣ˫Ŀ죬סƷ硣
ƷɫȻֶһ֮
𣡡
ţ޲ŭһ̣ŵ棬ͦͷϼǣƷͶ˹ȥ
Ʒ飬ýݵһԾżѵˮһ㣬˱ƷһԾ
һ£Ʒ羹Ǹţ޵ϣ˫־ץסֻǣ˷ܵĴеοôң
ţʢŭ͵ضӣҪȥ˦ϵƷ硣
ϧƷһ㣬ճڸţ޵ģøţ˦ѣȻ˦Ʒ硣
ƷֵǹЦţȴüҪ
ӸվһߣϷʵһĻĿɿڴһõĽ׼ħޣ൱ڽʦʵû뵽ƷŪ֮С
𣡺𣡺𣡡
ţޱüֱҪˣɴ࣬㳯һŴ׳ľŭײ˹ȥ
Ʒ粻ɴһֲЦɾͲˣ
˵꣬ƷǸţ޵ӼײǿžеʱԾ˻
䣡
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Ʒ翴ŸţֱˣֵǹЦ
ȻΪƷ̫רעǸţޣǱƷ𾪵似Ŀ࣬һʱ侹ûע⵽صΣ
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ǣƷ
ټƷ͵תҲعͷ
ȻĿõһֻţޣǴܼĲݴеֱ˹ǿ͵ĳ֮ײƷ硣
Ʒɫ䣬ˣʵ̫ˡ
ϧھǺҲˣƷ绹Ŭ˫֮УӭǼӲͷ­˹ȥ
飡
ʵ̫ǿˣټƷûӦţ޾ȻһԴڵģƷ˫е޷ţֱȥӲƴƷо˫ľ֮ʹ̲סѪ˱״ĵ˳ȥ
ܣ
ʱžӦǱŭŷȥ߳һţݺݵ˸ţ޵֮С
һҽֻ֮ţްղסģӴصӱббĵ
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ʵǾ˹ȥϵЩţ޵ϷĻš
ʱƷ磬ȴǺ죬ͷ֮ϣϵð̡
ڣƷѾǽΪؼʱ̣ǲȶסҵϢƷ߻ħ
ͻȻҲƷΪʱڵǿħֱͨͨ˳ӴĸϵħԪظؾƷѪ
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ʲôǿ
ƷǰӣͷĶͨƷ磬йǿҪһ㡣
͵ģƷͻȻһǻȵ˫ۣ棬ƺȼһ

һµľ֮ǴƷĿб麬һǿƣȻƷƳһǿ͵ˡӣҲǿֲ˸Ƶ˳ȥ
ƣʵ̫ǿˣڷսеĸţǶǾͣסˡ
ͷţ类һȼһƷѾվֱ˫ȭݺݵ߬
磡ɣƷޱ˵
Ǵסˣૻصáðɡ
ǱȥȻƷǰ綢һĶţޡ
ǸţƺҲоƷϵһΣյϢ΢΢ţһʱ䲻ҹȥ
ߣҵĲɣƷ˸Ӳȭͷ
һ£ƷһӰٵ˹ȥ
ȵһ˫ȭͳͷţ޵ϡ
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ȭͷͻȻǿ࣬ͷţ޶ǳʹĽȺһ֮ࡣ
ƷأŤŤȭͷӹǻͦӲģǾԿɽţɣ
͵أƷٴγ˹ȥٵļ˫ȭݺݵǸţ޵ϡ
ÿһȭƽȭͷӡǼӲеʱǷĶƵͽȻǿһεǽӲϮ˸ţ޵Уǿ˸ţ޵Ρ
飡飡飡
ÿһȭһȭһȭ죬һȭʤһȭ͡
ɭ֮Уֻɴһޱȵĺ֮ͷţ޸һ㷴֮ûСȻǿӲķ壬Ʒ硰ɽţȴ⣬ڡ
ӶͷţޱƷһȭȭĻú޷֮ʹ಻ѣ˶ѾĿһˡ
飡
ͷţޣƷ纨ȭͷ֮£ڵˡ
ʱͷţѾǿѪҺ˫۱ͻ֮䣬ֻȴҲûк
žž
Ʒƣ˿Ȼôʱ䣬һǿ
ɣƷ˵ʱ򣬷ǺɫԵѾǽӲĿʯˡ
ǿƷʱѾǿ쿴ħһˡ


12 ֮ǰ
ԴƷִǿĸţ֮Ҳôŵ˵ԱƷˡ
ӣҲǶϵĳģĿõƷǿݡ
Ʒ֮£Ӧʱ籩¶Ʒʵ
ɴ˶ʣħ޶ȫƷԸ̶̵ĥ֮УƷľõȹ̡
ڣʮ֮ڹȥˣʧ߻ǳɹߣͨͨħÿռˡ
ȻǰˣҲ˵ҵûг顣

ʱ鳡ϣƷʮλɹ߰ȻվСܴյħÿռгɹսˣʸӵݰ
ʮر֮⣬ҪԱҪغ鳡ߣԷͻ
Щʤսߣ峤ɱοע鳡ϵЩɹսߣȻܺãǶڼ˲ţҪΪ鳤ʸ񣬳ӵв֮⣬Ҫһʵ˶٣ֵ֮صϢ׼ãΪ֮佫гĽ˭ʤ˭ʤߣ
˲ŵӾͿʾһɵţƺڽĸÿһˣǶлΪһε峤
ħÿռرˣҲ뿪鳡ƷҲ⡣
ս֮󣬲Ŀʼ
ԻصУƷҲصԼסޣϾõ״̬ȡʤĹؼ
֨һƷסķűƿˣưº㴫˹
ĸסƷ粻ɴӾ˫ۡ
ưЦݣ˸׳ںɫӣЦĸȥõĶѾˡ
ƷϲӴ϶£첽ưȵǰϲĽӹǾж˵ĸף̫лˡ
˵ʲôҵĺӰưȹıƷ磬ɻʵ˷ǸʲôôΪ⣿
ôʱһϲġƷذһЦѾǾС
ư֣ƷߵСӣĸ׶֪ܡǾȻˣĸҲ㾲ˡʱĲеĻͱǿԼ𣿰ȫҪġ
ĸģд㡣ƷҸЦݵͷ
ҪǧСġưٴһ뿪˷С
ƷŷưȵȥиеޱȵҸ룬Ժļˡ

תۼ䣬֮
ʱڼУΪֵӡ
ڼΪ۹ǿļ壬峤֮ѡ֮ءԭɻ뽫ƷԴϴƷ벴֮ӽֵô䶯֮ڼλħŵʧǿ촫ˡ
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˿̣ڼˣ಻ʤÿһλݵλˡ
鳡УڼкĵԱѾڵȺšƷҲܼȺеȴţЩڣȴǾ÷ǳᷳ
ԭ绶ӭһЩٵʱҲǻŪôų
תۼ䣬鳡źõλöѾǿˡȥЩһ£̸֮һ֪Щϸϸ֮ƺ̸ڼλħ֮¡
֣ôųһװϵͻأ˲Ϣ䰲֮У߶ǳ˾⡣
ۼһˣݿɲСЩɫʹڵӣһݣͶ֮䣬εͷųһɸ߸ϰ֮۹еĵһ󹫾뽡׳ĵʿųɺеһЩ۹еҪس
нΪ۵ľӵԱߣȴǸλŮü֮пŽΪ۵С㣬ǽѩļһȫĹعǷۺɫ£ģԽˣֱʹ·һ㡣
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ҲƷ粻ע⵽ЩˣŮӣȴȫľסˡ
ǺܵôŮ޺Ʒ粻ɰи̾ţ˫۽òŮӡ
ʱ峤Ѿֵ̿ӭ£ۣδܼʱ٣ۼ£
ֺʱôˣϵЦԭ˱۹һ֮ѩۡ
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ѩ۳ĵ˵ͷ˵ȣӭϯ
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ǺǣǱŮѩ˿ѩ΢΢һЦ
ޣԭѩ˿û뵽ôˣɻȻĵ˵ͷ
òŮҲǺòĳɵͷЦã
ǺǣááлҲ̵ֵġ
ʱԭʢἴʼͻȻȴǴһȫ㵵Ľ´̺
ˣ
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ʱ䣬һʥ͵Ϣһ㣬ɢ鳡СϢ֮£һƽĸоĶȥĤĳ嶯
Ʒ粻ɴ󾪣ǿĹħ
˵֮У˱վ鳡УžеѩЦǺǣϷ¡
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˵ţɱ㹧ӭ֡
΢Цŵ˵ͷ΢еλʿնƮϯ֮С
ѩ۵Աߣ˵տ˸λãǺ£λʿǰվ˺˵ߡ
ǺǣۣϷˡԵѩЦЦ
ѩܳĻһЦˡ
Ǻ´ܵѩ۵𾴣Ⲣ֡
˿ǹĴ֮ףȵλͬϾô½֮أΪ̻ʣǳΪĴڣ½֮ꡣ
ûĴڣô½ѾΪ˺ڰͳ֮¡ԼʹѩۣĴ֮ʱҲǲҰڳκε硣
Ʒڼ˵ĳ֮ɫԽӵأΪǸӦĲ֮У˵ʵѾԶԶԽǰԼ


13 ˮ
̺˵ͻȻǰ֪֮⣬϶Ʒйء
Ǽžĳ֮Уǳӭλܲڼ峤֮ѡᣬڴлλˡ
˵꣬ɱϵĳڳһҲǷ׷
ֵ˴ʢᣬϣӵܹչʾԼʵƽʿɶֹ˴εĽĹҲܼ򵥣ҲΪĿʵǻÿʸˣվ鳡нͨߵսʧܣ㲻ټսȡʤȴһλսߣλ׼˵ĻͿɾϳ
䣬Ⱥ֮УһýݵӰ鳡С
ĿȥһλԼĪʮµ꣬һͷɫɫ£ݣָųƲнʦʵ
ȹĳǱһ񣬼ɭͽ̣
ɭǲϵĶӡ
ǰСС;дʵǰ;

Ⱥ֮У׷ϸϸ֮
ϯλУȻǽ鳡УΪѾʽʼˡ
ʱȺ֮УܳһӰ
һλ꣬ͿҪЩɫĶ̷ųɭ䵭޽ս룡
ޣҲڼеһλ󱲳ԱͬҲǾŽʦʵ
ɭսԼϳս⣬𳤽޴磬ͽˣ
˵꣬ɭ˱㱻ɫĶâסӣһ㣬ȥ׺
޼ɭκδ⣬ͬҲ֣ϡ
գۼ䣬Ŀע֮£ɭǺ޻εֱӶһ

ѳ֮Ƴǵ⻪ɫĹⲨ˽ؼųײš
ڼУΪ½ǿĶԣǽʦʵ˾ˣƷ磬Ѿ˵˾硣
ƺɭҪһ֣֧ŵǺ죬ս֣Ҳڿʼš
෴ȴԵ治ɫɭһ֣㲻ɼǿƣǿĶͷ˳
Ȼ䣬޵ǿɭǵԽѣʶֱӲƴɭݵһ޵Ľ֮˻ȥ
ʤһʤ׷𳤽⽣âĦŵ˳ȥɭ˺˹ȥ
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飡
һ죬ⱬ䣬ɭеĳǿסЩϬĽâȴǱƵú
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һɭǰϮһɾбȳѪֱӵ˳ȥҲһԡ
ջسʰ𳤽ɭ˵ˣ
ɭΪʣ˵棬ҲֻԵñȽȵһ񣺡л޴ָˣ
˵꣬ɭɫȻ˻鳡ߡ
ޱӮȫĺȲʡ
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˱˴ԥţΪǳս˭ҲԸôϳǽսĻǺܴġ
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˵꣬ⰲĳ֮УһƺԵİɣ
ѭȥ˱ɼһλɫĿɫ껺鳡ޱ飬ſƽİ£κεԵôƽ
ǲ֪֮ˣȴ̵ʶ˱ǿ½ħƷ磡
ʱƷѾߵ鳡룬ݾ㵵ޣȻ񣺡Ʒ磬ͽ̣
Ʒ磿
֣򵥵һ֣ʵ̫ˣȺ֮УǱһ󾪺֮
һ̣˭Ǿ㵵ĶǿƽƷ磬ѩ۶ǿƲס΢΢վ´Ҳüͷһ˫ųеƷ硣
󹫾֮󣬱ǸӵĿţΪʵǿƷʲôر֮˵˵һۿƷͻָо
ѩ˿ҲǺĵɴ˫ۣгƲͬڳ˵Ʒ磬¶˵ƤЦ⡣
û뵽дԵôͳˡ
ʱƷŲ֪жѹ΢ӣЩңû뵽ôƷˡе˶ƷħѾﵽħʿľ磬һȫϵħʦԲô׾ͿԶԸġ
棬棬ǹİƺǿһ֮
Ʒǰ㾪Űӣɻʵôû׼𣿡
޾£Ҳǲ£Żع񣬼ƷԼε΢ૻصҡѾ׼ˣ
˵꣬Եúܽŵ޵սеĳڵĶѾʼ
Ʒƣвչʾʵ׼ħȥԸˡ
ΪħʦĻ߽սĻǱȽϲģƷ統ʩз˽ʮ׵ľ롣
һаʱôõĻᣬƷ˾롣
뵽ڴˣޣųǿ⶷ٵֱƷ硣
Ʒ絭ȻӣһӣȻ֮䣬ϾֳʮС
˾㵣ȻֻǳħƷħٶʵ̫ˡ
֮УҲǾƷħʵĶ־ŭųȥ
ϧԶδƷǰӵһС㼱ٵ޵Ϸ˳
飡飡飡
һСǱ޸ˣ޵ҲǱʱ赲סˡ
ͻȻ޾ǸӦ´һ
Ȼص֮УһƬ̱޽µĵصֱ˳
Һã޷ӦĿ죬ȥ
ٴһΪƷħʵ̫ǿˣɫ䣬ɼħǿ
ޱ˻ȥǱˣٴս˳׼Ҫȥˡ
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ֻƷ˫֣Ϊ˲ŪЩоǹϵĺ𰡣ɣ
ȫ˾Ǻϲ£죬ѵ
ʵƷҲȥĬЩѣֲòԾ͸ɴˡ
ģƷ֮£֮У˲۳һ޴ĹȻš
һδüȣƷֺ̧ˮҲһɣ
˵꣬һ޴ˮţƷ˳
ʱѾˣսе޶Ѿ㵵ɵסˡ
ƣ
ˮƣ
Ʒϵĺȳ֮Уһ׳ĻˮŴƷг˳֮ͣСһ
𣡡
ֱǾеޡ
Σ֮䣬ھӦѺóǿҶĳӭֱȥ
ֻ弶ħѣҪƵĻҲǲѵģʵҲôΪġ
ֻУƷЦЦô
ʱĳ֮УƷǿľٿ֮£ǿٵתǻ֮ƽš
һ̣еˣǿΪֲһĻ
ˮ𱾾⣬ƷУȫĳںתǸ׳һȦӣų˳еޡ
ʲô⡭ôܣ
ѾÿˣֻǱܵеĳںϵľ޴쳤ն˹ȥ
䣡
΢΢һ𣬳ը˿ȴǿѪݺݵĵ˳ȥ
ƷԭزȫϢƺǾһ㡣


14 ʦȭͷ
ǿǿǳǿ
ħзֺü֣ħԵںħΪѵģҲ˵Ϊǲܵġ˵ڰˮԼħԪأǼΪѵںϡ
ʷ֮Умħˮ𸴺ħڣƷ羹ǽˮ߼ħںΪһ壬Ǵﵽԭħ
ȫסˣԭеƷ磬ʵĻҪӵǿ
þã޲żѵع񣬾㵵ĽƷ磬ֵлˣǺǿ
ƷзȵĻԵͷ
ޱĬĬ鳡ȴòʣΪƷչֵǿħѾǳ׵ˡ
峤ҲȻòŻعŵĳˣһλ˭ȥս
ԣȻƷȴһʱ˸ϳ
֪ƷħǿսĻħĻǼصģƷֵܼĻӦսƷһʤߣڸȥսƷˡ
þδӦսҲԵüΪĲߵûϳĻҽǽΪȨʱޣǺúÿǰɣ
˵꣬һӰȺվ˳˱ǶϵĳģƷħÿռͬһŶӵġ
ĽнʦʵҲͬϾйʦĸ֣ҲƷĶ֡
ƷɫȻƬ̣ЦǺǣԭֵܰ
΢΢ͷƷ磬Ȼ֪Ķ֣ΪԼҲȫԸģ
ǺǣȻҪȫԸúõȥʵɡƷЦ
ĵ˵ͷɫͻȻᣬһһϬɫâϮ˳ֱƷ硣
Ʒվԭزһϣ˲һ£һ޴ɫб˳ӭǵâ˹ȥ
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飬ֱһǿҵɫƷӭͷն¡
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һڱǳȥնǿӲ֮ʱȴǱסˡ
һۣ֮ҧٶһж֮Խӵǿʢ
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ڶǽʦĸ֣˵Ѿǲٱͬˡ
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ʱһλʦְУһλɫյߵ鳡С
˿ǴϵĶӣԾﵽ˽ʦĸ֡
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Ǻǣ𣿡Ծ䵭һЦɫ˲ȻһҲþʹֹˡ
ݵһһϬĳ˳ڹյҫ֮£˸ɭĺ⡣
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˾Ȼû뵽Ծоǳʥ
ԽԶϯλУЦǺǣƷСһҲֹͣ˰ɡ
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ưȿ֮󣬵ǽƷ磬һĸ㣬һԵġ
Ҳ˶ûƵƷ磬ȻԵô򶨣ôаա
û뵽Ծգ˵棬ǳƷĶƷ֣Ȼò㣬ħʵȷʵǺǿˣΪڼһԱ߲ǿģԼʹôǿҲħѡ
ԣ֮У㿪ʼϸϸ֮
ȷʵڼΪеǿ壬ʹƷħʵôǿǳΪڼһ֮ܵڼ䶷ǿ֮գ壿
Ҳǲüͷ΢΢ԽۡԽƺװųе׼ԾƷ硣
ԾĻ˵Ǻܺãȴ̫ˡ
ƷǱһЦʱѾˣŵ֮еԾǺãȻ˵ĻҾͲħ򣡡
ħ
⻰˵̫̫ˣеˣȫľסˡ
ǶΪƷǲɵˣԾǷƵħǸһλֳʥ߱ȶ似
ڴ˿̣˵Ծɣѩ۵һЩ߲ǱƷĻסˡ
ȻǶħʵǿƷͬҲӵǿ似ȴǿԸоƷһ˿ЦţѵƷĿԲħȥԸԾ
ţڳˣҲֻƷһͬĲ̵ףҲͬԾҪùˡ
Ʒ粻˾㵵ɫɵŵԾôҲ𣿡
Ծ⻰ӦɫǲȻ㲻Ļ
ǺǣҵãҪСˡƷ粻мһЦеӣżƣҪԾ䶷ˡ
Ծһ׼𣿡
ʱȺšƷ絭Ȼ
ԾƷ˲ԼսڵĶ糱ˮӿʥ֮С
Ȼ䣬ҫ۵֮Уʥļӳ֮£ɫ֮УѾʼкЩˡ
Ŀ𣿡һֱڹעƷķưȿʼˡ
İɣĸףǾԿԵġĿ˹ϴŵ΢Ц
ʱԾѾϣҫŵǿѾǱ˹ķˡ
ĿתĽһĻ´ʧÿһϸڡ
Ʒ粻ս˫ȭεѾʼӿ֮УȻһɣ
ߣ
ԾҲͲסʥ缫һѸͣ麬ǿڵĳ˹
Ʒ乴һĨ΢ЦȷʵǺǿʵ̫ˣ
ٷϻ
ԾһƷбһޱȵĽâĦſɲǹ⻪ӭƷ硣
һ˶ǲס˺ҲǸһ
ۼǵĽâҪƷʱ
һ£ƷξǹһƫȥպоյıܹһĽâ
ʲôԾͫײɱͻһ
ûʲôˡƷԾ
͵ģԾֵĻعͷ㿴һֻȭͷ˹ҰҲģˡ
飡
һײ֮죬žһ˺Ѱʹ֮ԾԵһǿ֮䣬罦Ѫֱӱ㱻Ʒ˳ȥ
һʥأԾǱɳʮ֮Զ
ƷԾվԭزһֻȭͷȴǶ
һȭֻһȭ˶ûһȭôȥģֻ֪ӵʥԾǱƷһȭɳȥˡ
һĻޱȵ𺧣һĻĿࣻһĻ˾ŵþǼ˹һĵɴӣ
һȭƽȴ̺һǿ
ʱ򣬱˵ѩۣһֱԵú򶨵ĺ´̺˶Ǿ΢վӣ⡭ôܣ


15 ǹ
һ̣ޱ𾪵һĻû뵽ӵǿħƷ磬Ȼӵǿ似ΪľǣƷȭ֮УǸоκεĶ
֣⵽ʲô似ѩҲס̲סɡ
˵һЩ߲ҲǽɣеҪõ𰸡
ϧҲһɫֱžૻص͡Ҳ֪
ʱڳУԵǱԾѵվֵմȾѪƷ硣
Ʒ䵭ͽˡ
ԾһƷ磬ʰڵصʥת뿪鳡
ԽĻҲ־ŭиӹһ˿֮⡣
Ʒս񣬰Ȼһλͽ̡
һǿϣǿս⣬ħ˫ޣʱ˭ΪƷħޡ
һսƷѾʤ˳ˣÿһȡʤ
ƷʤԾһսչֳǿ似ѾЩ˿ʼȨˡ
ԭǱȽȡʤİյģΪƷ״磬⾺峤֮ѡԲƷԡ
ȴãߵ鳡
һλɫӣ£ÿ֮Ϊ֮䣬һǿơ
ǣ
֮ˣССһ
峤ɵΨһӣʵʦʵǱǻҪӵǿ
Ʒǿǰ֮䣬еһѹ˾ǲ̫öԸġ
ǲɿƷǰ޵еĻҪǿࡣ
ллƷ򵥵һ
˫һϣʵһս
ǺǣȻǾǴͽˡƷ΢΢һЦ֮Уһս֮⡣
ȻΪǵʵǺӢһʵǿģǼʶƷǿħʵ֮󣬶ʤ븺Ѿû˸¶ˡ
ڣֻܽĹۿ⼴ʼľս
˿̣˵ע֮£ѾһϬĳ⽣ɲǸƷʥҲǰѳֵĺý
漴Ǳ㽫ֱƷ磬ΪߵĻĽأ
Ǻǣ˼ҲϰýƷŹһЦƾճһѽ׳ľ
ȻһǾƷ羹ӵ˼ʵĴ½нΪϡٵĿռָǾû뵽Ʒ羹ó˸˺֮ľ
ҲɵˣЩʵ𣿡
ǺǣȷʵƷ絭һЦģеġ
ǺǣҿɾĿԴˡǳսг
ƷҲһս⣬žǡ
һ£ǱɰĳƷǰ̽һֱȡƷ̣֮⣬ըſΪâϮƷ硣
Ʒ粻֮Ӳƴұһƣеľǰǵؿ̽˹ȥ
ھĳҪ࣬ҲǲɽӺȥһеĳ˳ƺնӹһ⽣â
ƷӲյڿտתܹһĽâеľûĹӰֱǡ
˿Ŀɿڴ˹ƷʹôÿһĳƶǾǿǽǸƵ޴ӻ֡
Ǿ亹ƷĹסˣƷЩ룬Ⱪǡ
ݵһϬĳɨɫâסƷڣֱȥ
Ʒ絭Ȼݣ˫һţеľ͵һţ˱ǵ֮ӣڿбǡ
һž磬֮ʱھ¿մֱȥ
ǻȻ壬͵ĳ𳤽ȥɫĹâҫһıɢ˿
飡
ĳ̺ǿᶷһǿƷƿɫĹⲨϮ
˾ǾĿõǾǳĳųƷеĳƵӡ
֮£Ǹɴ͵ĽһеĳľĦɫĹ⻪Ʒ硣
Ʒ׼Žڰֱ֮ǰľ˳ջأ趯ĹӰžеȥ
ǿ֮壬Ӱ֪ʵȴ֪Ӻεֵ
֮£Ǹɴҵĳճӳһǿҵɫâʵİס
û뵽ǻǳˣЩӰȻġ
һ̣ƷѾǵֽճֱֱǵıغݺݵͱ˹ȥ
飡
̺֮ͣŵǿǹƿǵĶ
һǲǰǰһ㣬ֱѪһ֮ʹǰ˳ȥ
ʲô
ҲǾ̲סվӣҪΪǱƷˣǾƷǿ似
̣ͬڳ˾߶ǾϢĿƷÿһΪƷǹ볬ĹѾڹһˣһ
ѩ˿Ҳǵɴ𺧵˫ۣȫıƷסˡ
УѾ֮ǰǰ˵ĻſԱƷǿЩ˵似ĻƷȴԶԶǿˡ
ͬʱҲȫף̶µʱ䣬Ʒôܽ似ﵽ˾磬ʹҲҪһĻĥʱ䡣
ƷĹʵ̫ˣøǲκεͣЪ
Ʒ֪ǵʵǿһʱ֮䣬Ҳһȡʤκһֻ׼Ʒ綼ϧ
ݣ
ƷͻȻ˸˫Ǳûһֱǰһ㣬ɫâĽֱ̽Ʒؿڡ
Ȼһ̣潫Ʒؿ֮ʱƷеĳǹŤת˹Ʒӭһƫϳƹǵķߣ׼Ķս֣֮Ļ˹ȥ
һֻһ飬ء
Ʒιǰһɨǵĺ󾱱ߡ
һǱܼһʹУֱǰ˵˳ȥ
Ʒָŵڵصǣˡ
˿ĻӶˣǻûʶǷʲô£ͿƷ罫еĳڵأ˲ʵ̫ˡ
ûвʣӣתʣʲô似
ԣƷ粻ͦţǹ


16 ǿϵ츳
֣㡭ñôȻ֮ãشƷ粡ҲǼٵİɣѩɫıɣʶƷչֵǿħʵѾʼˡ
˿̼Ʒǿ似ɱҲţ૲ŻصۣɴԩƷ֮£ҲȫȻ֪Ʒ֮ǰϢȷʵ
ǡôܣŶ̶µʱ䣡ѩɫ˿ŵı飬Ҳ
̵ĶԻȴ÷ǳʼˡ
ʱƷֳֳ鳡У֮ǰܵҲɫ˻ȥ
˭Ըͽ̣ƷսȻ߰
һƬžڣǶƷУӢһл˭ƷĶ֡ȴ˽ܣǰǿƷĻǴСಡƷ
þãӦӦս
ɷӦվӣڳ˵ûӦսĻҾʽƷΪ峤֮ѡ
ԣȫƷħ˫ȫ˭ȥƷʵأ
ãɼ𣬱Ǻã峤ڴʽƷΪ峤֮ѡ
ȻȫʱƷʱ򣬶һֳ羴۹ȥƷˡ
˿̵Ʒȴһ㶼ģǶѪڣû뵽ȴӦսˣԵüΪʧ
ͻȻʱ˺һ£ǿٵƮɵƷǰ
˾㵣ɵɻ󣬲Ϊ⣬š
Ʒʵǿĺ´վԼǰ֮䣬һ˵ѹֱ˹
Ʒ粻üͷһ壬ӭǿƣƾǿľҲǻȻ壬Ȼ治ɫȻͦ
˲ɴ󾪣ƷȴԽӵͣЦǺǣ֪ɷһæ
æƷȫɵסˣǰ׺͵ĺˡ
ҲȻû뵽½жĺ´̺˾ҪƷæ
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ҡôܣƷ羪סˣ˸⡣
Ǻǣ£ûҪ˺˼ֻҪֺǿϵġ΢΢һЦʣ𣿡
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Ʒ£ǰ͸ӣ¶˾һ㣬ı˫ۣĽ˫ִǹԪ顣
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Եúܽţ˸ǽţͷ϶Ѿʼˡ֮Уƺǳһ֮С
ģһ˫ֳķһŹԪϡ
棬ƺֹ̼ͣһ㣬һ˫˫Ӷǵɴ
ϧǹԪһ㷴ӦûС
ѵ𣿡һȻ
ǣţͻȻ֮䣬Ԫ龹Ƕһ¡
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ǿǿǿ
˾ʱĵһӦ
˱ǰɫǿ֣𺧵УǶ˹еļ
ƷҲǸоǿĹ֮Ϊ˼ľǣǹɹ֮ǷӿԼڣҪԼӳűһ㡣
еƷ統㽫˫˻һΧŵĹâ˲ʧƺ˲һִһиûдڹһ㡣
ʱȴƷ翴ǰĺѾڿŹһĶԼ
૵ģ˲³һ仰⡭츳ȫ
츳ȫƷ
Χ⻰֮Ѿ𺧵ˡ
츳ȫζţܹȫµȥĻΪϵǺлġ
þã˲Ŵ𾪼𽥵ƽ飬æѾõϿɣϣǰʥء
̣Ʒ羪סˣһǸĻЦǺǣ˼ˣҾͿ²ܴӦˡ
⡭˼ˣҪúÿܼǹ͢ĻһεĽ̻㣬ҲǺпܵģǿһһΰѵ㲻Ϊ𣿡
˵ԽΧ˾Խӵľ˶ǼƷܳΪǿ񰡣ܹ񰡣
ϧƷȴǶں˵ջһ㶼ȤЦȻԼǿΪĻҿû෴ұȽϲһɵˣ
һ㶣ǲԸæóһɫƣݸƷ磺ǹӵطߵȨһ㿼ˣֻҪͿԽʥء
⡭Ʒԥˣ֪òȥܡ
˿ɾӲˣǿƷУƻĵģûһߣɣֻкôûлģ
ΣƷֻεǹ
˼ƷŸе⣬ͷԾеЦ峤һ£ˣлĻŰݷã
˵꣬˱㻽λʿ˵ɵ֮УЦ⣬뿪ڼ塣
Ʒɵסˣֻܴվ鳡
ѩۼ˵˵ȥæԱߵЦǺǣ֣Ʒ˿ͬİɣ
ɾ㵣ƺѩ۵Ļ˼ֹʵôۡ
ѩ۲ɻͷһߺŵѩ˿֣ҾֱӸ˵ɣǺǶѾˣǽΣ
ףɾ£Ѿߺŵѩ˿ͷ˵ڿǺǵ˼ҲҪԼԸܲǿǰɡ
ǺǣѩЦЦ˵¸˿ĵ֮񣬲ִƷһμ˿ĵ֮ɣҲǱ˴˶˽һ¡
⡭ƺԵЩΪѵӡ
ϯλоԶҲò̫ƷȴУ͵͵ɫߺŵѩ˿
ѩ˿Ҳ͵͵Ʒ磬Ŀԣɫһ죬ѩ˿ķĸ
ѩ۾ǱúĽƻЦˣ־ͱٿˣ¾ô˵ˣиˣ
˵꣬ѩЦתѩ˿˱ߡ
ߵʱ򣬲ϲеƷȥŪƷΣ̧ͷ
ɲεҡҡͷƷ磬һĿЦԺڼͱаʱˡ


17 ֮
Ʒ鳡ϴչħ˫ޣȺӢƷ𽥵ɢ˳ȥ
ȻģƷͳΪԤ峤֮ѡȻ˻ϲ˺ޣƷʵ֮ʱҲ˰ʼɡ
ҪҪԸƷĻҲô׵ģΪڼѾƷ統䱦һڱˡ
ǣƷɾͱˣоǱһ㣬նֻܴڷ
ɵǾƷϲġҲû취־͹־Լ̫ߵˣڵǺãƷÿֻڷﾲޣ̾硣
ƷľʵѾƿˣʱûرĻǺͻƵġ
ãΡУƷĸ׶ᾭƷ̸ʱԭпյĻҲһۣͬǰ֮УδܹůƷеĸоʲôӵм˵Ҹ
תۼ䣬һµʱŶѩ谮Сѩ˿ĵ֮ˡ
գٽҹưȽĴһ߹ɫ߽Ʒķš
Ʒˣֵıʣĸףǣ
Ǻǣ˵ҲҪμӹĻܵôһɡưº͵ЦЦĽɫ¸Ʒϡ
ллĸסƷһҸ
ɵӣĸ׿ʲôưһḧƷ£һѵҪסʹɲôĵطҪú㸸׺峤Ļ֪𣿡
֪ˡƷ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
Ȼ㴫ԭǴ³׼𣿡
䣬ԭ峤ɵȸϱ̤ǰЦ⡣
΢΢һưȻͷЦ峤ãλϺãѾ׼ˡ
Ǿ߰ɣѾڵȺˡɻص
ưȵ˵ͷƷЦǺǣ峤һͬȥɣĸײ㣬Ͳȥˡ
ĸףǷˡƷ΢΢ͷйɲᣬǶȥˡ
⣬һȺٵĻݵĵʿųɺر𵣴˻ͣڼӼ
ųõˡдк
Ǻǣ޷λɡɺΪĹ
ɵĴϻƷ磬㱻ŵһ棬ɺǰʹ
һ·ϣۼˣǾĲ²ǺεȵݣҪɵʿųɺԻ͡
۶ͦģ˽ʱͷŵ˻ʹͷ
ʱҹɫѿΧ⣬ʼ˸
פͣƷ˱ɺһһӭ
Ʒһ߳㿴ǰһϵĹǽвһʹģʽʵԼڵеĹŵҲࡣ
ź棬ƷɺĴ죬ʽ̤ʥĻʹ֮С
һʹƷľĿΧĲüݻ֮⣬ʹ֮У䱸ɭϣ洦ɼֲĻΪ˵ľǿԿһͷͷ֫ڻʹԵޱȡ
еôеĿһƷо㵵ţɸоЩʵǿ
ƷȴˣЩľֻΪͽ׵ĵѡȻֻЩʿĻʵǱûôˡϾʿſǺųô½ǿʿš
ΪҪٰ칫ᣬڻʹ֮УĴǿԿϲգĹŮææµµΧҲǲõļΪƯ
һһĻԻ͹һΪľ޴󹬵֮С
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ɵȽ֮ڣӭѩۻϲЦ֣ǿˡ
Ǻǣδܼʱ٣ʵΣۼ¡ɵλϱ㹧ӭ˹ȥ
ƷֱȽϾнĴǲ̫Ӧ־°Ķɵλϵ
Ȼˣ˻ע⵽Ʒر𡱵ĴڣϾɵĴվһˣƷ绹˭
ʱһЩδ׼Ʒ˵ˣһƷͿ޲𾪣һЩ֮ŮƷ綼ǲɷ
ȷʵƷ粻ÿΪʮ꣬ѿΪ½еˣȻǿɲ˵Ļġ
ѩЦӭȥΪɵλϣƷ綼쵽ϯλС
λ֮У󹫾òĻʺǡ󹫾ڿɵǰ֮ʱɫƺԵЩãҲǳĬ
Ʒ磬ô㿴ɫƺǺܺãôˣѩ۾Ʒк
ƷһܳĻֵ̿ۼЦˣƷֻǸղЩѡ
ƷĬǾɣһ˿ѩˬʴЦתߡ
ͻȻ⾹Ǵһ𾪵
˵

涼̼ðϾǳ˾ѩ۶ǶȻ侪סˡ
ûǿǿ
֮䣬һӴ֮У˶Ǿֱ
ɵλϣŵǺ죬亹ֱϾڼᣬ˵ĻڼھµѪ
ƷҲǱԾ亹ƾǿƷеĸоʵҪԶԶȺ´̺˵ʵҪǿ
漴˵ľ֮У֮⣬һλ£ͷɫͷ֮ϣСС¹һǵ̤롣
ӵ󣬾ǻλʮСꡣӳЩƣ࣬ͷĽɫ꿴ԵñȽϸ߰ˣһ˶ӡ
ˣձصشСμѩ˿ĵ֮񡣡
û뵽˵Ͽµ׺͵Цӭȥڳ֮ˣһ㵵ӣĬȻΪѾû˵ķˡ
ѩһæְ̿Ļص̫ˣ
漴ѩ۱㼫ΪĽϯλС
λϵʱɵ˵Ĵк
ɱɣ䵭ڼ峤ɣɱ㸸ײԶˡ
ǡǣ˽ѵǣ̫ˡɾֵĻصλƷҲǾŵ亹
λ꣬һĲмرͬԼͿƷ֮ʱջĸоƷ絽ʲôݣΪҲԼһϯ
ѩΪձѹΣЦλտǰŮѩ˿ĵ֮ش˸лλܹμ˿ĵ֮񣬽磬øλĻɡýյ¡صǳɣ
ȻȫһƬĻ֮
ڴ֮⣬ȥ
ģһϮһλɫ£ͷտɫˢͷ·ڵĵɫòɵŮ˴֮С
ÿһԵôĸţÿһһˣ˵ѩļüǱߵĺɫС㣬֮£Եóˡ
ʱ䣬֮䣬е磬ƺǼ˵Ӱ
ȷʵѾ޷ֻǼ򵥵Ϳȫݳˡ


18 Ϊʫ
ƷǰҲǻ˼ʮˣûмŮӣѩ˿ԭеŮȫֹͬӰĵʣƷֱסˡ
ͬˣλеλҲһ԰ӡ
ѩ˿λеľŵƷۣߺ΢΢˵ͷѭѩǱ߻ȥʣ
ޣҵıǺѩһѩ˿һӣȻɿѩ˿ͷЦ̸£ҿԾȥ衣
˵꣬ȫȻŻһʳҲһλλŮе˹
ǻϲѩۣ㽫Դɬѩ˿쵽λǰжЦǺǣ˿Сʱǵ𣿡
ѩ˿һ£Цæ̫ˣû뵽Ȼμҵĵ֮˿ܳ
Ǻǣ˿겻û뵽øˡºһЦ
Цˡѩ˿ɬһЦ
˿ã֪㻹ǵ𣿡ͻȻϲѩ˿ʵ
ѩ˿ѭȥ꣬ƺϤĸоһʱ벻
ɼˣæֵ˿ãѵ𣿵Ҵ͵ܳʱ򣬾㣬ȻǾʶˣСʱǿǾһ͵͵ġ
ѩ˿һƺһ㣬ϲЦˣ۴磬̫ˣû뵽Ҳˡ
Ǻǣ۶صҲŴμĵ֮ġ΢΢һЦ
ллǣһĵһ졣ѩ˿һĸж
ɵˣȴһֱһߣһ仰ǲ岻ϡƷǻʱʱ͵͵ѩ˿ƺлȴǲ֪οڣɴౣֳĬ
ѩ˿һʣ̸þ˲ѡ
ѩ۲Ū̫εæʰƱЦ˾ƿǻʹذƣΪ˿ĵ֮λúøһɡ
˵꣬˱㶼ʰϯϵľƱϲƣֺ
֮󣬱赸ˡ
ڹ֮УʳƷְ֮⣬̸ֵ֮У赸ν赸Ů֮Ի룬ܵĻڴ뾡赸
⻶ϲĳ֮УΪĴڣڼɵ˶Ե˵ľнԼ١
ѩ˿ǽ۵룬ڹ֮У趯˵Ľ
ƷԽԽע£߳˹
Ʒ߳еʱǡþͱѩ˿ˡ
۴磬˼Ҫ뿪ѩ˿һǸ
ǺǣûϵһġȻϴ΢ЦȴԵĪʧ䡣
ѩ˿ӹ뿪ˣΪ˲ע⣬ѩ˿صشӹƫ˳ȥ
ҹȻֵĹ֮⣬Ʒȴǹ⡣
ۣģḧ˵ҹ硣
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ͻȻ䣬Ʒ羹˼µ飬죬Ÿ̾ǰ¹⣬ǵ˪ͷ£ͷ˼硣
׵ʫļ仰ȴλ˼ĸ顣
ţһ˵ȴͻȻ䴫ƷĶߣۣԭ㻹ʫ
ʫƷһѭͷȴһû뵽ǳ˵ѩ˿վԼǰ
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ѩ˿Ʒ㵵ԼЦأʫôһҲǻһλʫ˰ɡ
Ʒɫһ죬û뵽ԼóǰʫоǵԼдʫ뵽練ԭȵȫֻͬܺƤЦлл佱ˣֻ˶ѡ
Ǻǣʫ츳Ǻǿѩ˿ȤЦ
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УȻȥɣ˽ǰƷЩɫѵ
ղʫٸ׺Һϲʫѩ˿йеЦ
ƷúΣû취ɲǵѩ˿ҪǱ˷ֵĻǿɾˡΪ˾ѩ˿е뿪ƷֻúƤѡ˼׹˵ʫһ
ѩ˿Խӵĳԣʫ䣬ĸɣȫȫһʫϵͳ
һ̣ѩ˿ģƺѾƷĿгеʫо磬ȫסˡ
ʫǺ
˫ۣѩ˿ھĸʫе⾳
ͻȻ䣬һĮȴǴԭ硣
˿ãô



19 ӵĶԾϣ
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۴磡
Ʒѩ˿Ȼһ
ͷȥŭ
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עĻΪܸһֻƷɫһ
Цֻܰ۵Ц
Ʒ粻˫ȭ߬۽ۡ
ѩ˿˫ŭҪȼѩ˿ס۵ֱۣæ۴磬ǻȥټ𣿡
ߣûȤˡŭ˦ѩ˿֣Ʒ磬Сӣٴξ㣬Ժٲ˿ã𣿡
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Ʒ֪һȭС˫֮Уӭӹ˫ȭֱ˹ȥ
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תϵĸŰСеƷʵս㣬ҽ𣿡
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ܺãڲֹǣǿԼղδɵսЩͰĵ˵ͷɻͷۣ˵ҲΪʲôԭ򣬵ⳡսĵȥ𣿡
һսĻصף
漴ֱӴžеѩ˿˲ص˹֮С
˾㵣ȻΪζҪƷһսȴ˸ԡϾϣǲɴġ
ڳУЩΧĻǽɢ˿տĴ֮УֻʣƷɫŭۡ


20 ӵĶԾ£
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ʱŭƷ磬ݺݵСӣҲòʵҪȵĻͻԶˡ
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˵꣬ǿҵɫâһ㣬Ʒ硣
ٶȣԵģҪ˶࣬ҲǿࡣˣҲ࣬Ϊ֮ǰֻһʱ³çսȴȫȫĽս
գۣ۱ƷǰģֱһȭƷŭ˹ȥ
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ŵһ亹ĻصҡҲ֪
ʲôڼô᲻֪һɫԵرļ澪ŵӣȷʵǿЦ
ͻȻʱȴǰһĳ˵Ʒǰ֮ǰһΣԴǴθ֮ͱˡ
һζһƺ뵽ʲôءĬˣǷ˫ۣȴһֱڽųԵüΪƷ硣
Խ͵͵ֻͷƷ磬ϹһĨЦ
۲ǽսԶսȫƷĶ֣ʵľǣƷ翴ԵôĴȴ˲Ʒ硣뵽ԼȻ˵͵ѪƷ磬ǾǸӵŭˡ
̲ס۾һν󷽣ڿգһС˴˳
㵣ЩȫĴסˣû뵽ǾȻԿĻƽצ
ȻС˵㣬ƽצ֮ΪϡٵĴڣԺǳΪ
Ʒ粻һ㶣о˻ǿ֮࣬ƷÿЦǣԭΪЩһû뵽ֻǶ˶ԳѣϿ͸Զ
ʱǶŭƷ磬ĬѶ
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û뵽似ǿƷ磬ǻӵżߵħ츳
ĻȫҪħ۶ȫľסˡ


21 ں
һ̣ȫû뵽ǣƷ羹ʩħʵ̫ˡ
ʱĸоеħԪػԾӿƷħΪǿᣬɵĿΧӴĻԪأʶһ۾ͿɿƷѾ߱ħʿʵ
˿̿ɼ֮УӴĻԪر˴˼俪ʼڿţ¡Χ¼ȻٽһЩܲסǹɫķ׷˱ܿ
ѾãСѾÿʼħˣһȵĻ֣ȼ˹͵Ļ档
ʱƷƺиţĸſлԪصǿľǴ˹ȥԸоԼһԪԵüΪıӦþ׼õĻϵħˡ
Ʒ簵һЦħԪسҪǿħٿأҪǿľͨȻ䣬ƷľǿȫǱ۲֪ǿжٸεľ硣
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ۼһǿĻ泤ҪϮϵʱһɫ⼫˹
䣡
һ죬ڰ֮˲ɢǻ㣬һɫӰ֮˳һϵƺһ㣬㵡
Ʒһ٣һž㵷֣ѾڰԼ
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ѩ˿һǣҧû뵽ԼֻǳƷĺô鷳޷ȥֹǰһС
˵һɼΪµ˵Ʒ磬ͨĽʥǿߣǿ֮ҲҪ
Ʒ类ѹܲѣǺ죬˫֮ĹһȻһ˿֮ɫ
ʱɫƷԼǿȻ͸Գ˾ǿ΢΢¶͵Цݡ
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ԭ˻ΪҪŭȴ뵽ȴϲĴЦû뵽屲ܳ˲ţοԺʱĻӭ塣
˵꣬һֳɵŵۣһɫ⣬˺ҹ֮С
˼סˣûпŭµϳƷĳƷ֮ء
ʱƷ绺վӣȥķ򣬰壬ǾԻȥģ


22 ĸײ
һ־磬һ粨һĻ𾪣ˡ
ƷССܹͣսʤӣõʶѾ԰ڳȺˡ
þãѩ۲ŷӦæЦղŸλһʵľɣǽһҪ飬ҲǹϵСŮһҪĶ
һ׷׾㵺Ľѩۡ
ɵˣȻ֪ѩʲô˼ˣɴĬεƷ硣
ѩ˿ҲƺѲµʱǲ̫ҿƷˡþ͸ƻһ㣬Խ˳
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ѩ˿Ȼ֪Լ֮⣬˶ǰ׿ڵɫøӺɫ͵͵Ʒ磬ƷͬҲǺɵɵӣһЦ
ѩۼƷɫ죬ʣƷ磬ѵ㲻Ը𣿡
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ɵ˿ƷӣǱ޷ȥˡ
ѩ۹ֵӣžеƷʵôĲԸ⣿ѵСŮ䲻㣿
ƷһͨæֵҡҵȻԸ⣡
⻰ѩ˿ڿĵߺЦˡ֪ΪΣӵһۼƷ磬ѩ˿ѾƷǲͬڳ˵ʸסˡ
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ô죿Ʒһ㶣ǰʱ򣬽ûô졣
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Ҳ˹ôжôҸ顣
ƷȺ΢΢ѩ˿Ľ͵ۣƷܵõѩ˿Īң빫ʶã˴˼ദ࣬Ӧñһӵദʱ䣬Խĸӵĺá
ѩ£ЦСÿܵǻͶ֮ɣԺʹеĻɳ롣
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漴ɵֻεķ˴֮Уⳡ־ҲͳΪһС
ᣬȻƷǳΪⳡҸˡ

峿֮ѩѩ˿Ʒǡ
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ɴ֮ƷսӵϢǳǿ似ħʵٴκ䴫ĴСǳ̸ƷѾΪˡ
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Ȼħкǿ֮ȴα겻αƷ֪ԼĸѾǻزĻǲеģƷȥѰһЩҩģľκԼĸס


23 ɱ
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뵽ڴˣƷٴסϢɴ೯Щ֮ǰȥЩ˵ķнӽš
Ʒ粻ɵӣȻǲͬӵˣһǣɱ֮飬ìҲȻȻˡ


24 ֮
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ǰ汸ѧƷ磬ǾԳԽԼǰĸ֣ҪץԼҲ׾ٵ顣
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25 ң
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ӻѡ˺ߣʹҲãҲԶԭһӡ
ģ̤һؿ֮У˿ʹ޴󰭡
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ۼҪӽƷʱĵӣٴκ˳
ֻҪһǰ̤һһͿնƷˡ
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ͫף֣Ѫͣŵúܴ󣬵ҲǵѪ֮ߣҲѪ˿
棬ƺһ˲䶨סˡ
Ʒ΢΢ǰǰӣߵң㻹أ


26 浽
֣ϣȷʵƷܶԸġ
ƷٶȴҪǿЩټϵӵѹ˾Ҳ֧ţټӱǴ⣬ŻԿƷһС
Ʒһɲŵֱߡ
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Ʒߺ󲻾ã߱µĵطֱӱ㳯ſдMDֱСӸˣ
߿ϵµ֮ʱȴһ࣬Ҳÿôˡѭǲ΢Ϣ׷ٶȥ
ۣ߾־ᶨɱ֣һδɵСӽϷˣŭɽ޲׽סƷ罫ʬΡ
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˿ģĻһЦð
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ͷ˴ŭѣɱ֣ʱܹܴ裬ŭǣѣСӣֱ֣ӰƤˣ
û취˭ƷϷŪһǾԶǵƷ磬ȷʵǸеޱ裬ޱȵķŭ
ɢ˿ȥŭǣѾʧȥԭе侲
ãƷ»ϾƷڰҪ˭֪˭˭أ
ƷȽԣ˵ʤȯգܹҰЩɱֵĻȻǺ£ʹǲͨͨЩɱֻ֣ҪƷ簤зԼˣҲǻ׷鵽Ʒĵľǣǰ޵йİϢһֱڲԼǵлѣƷҲûκΰա
ڣô˵ƷԼռϷ磬ʹǵзŽʼǿߣҲˡ
ģƷѡһΪĵطïܵĲݴУһ֣ɶɽˡ
ʱƷ磬Ƕ˰ޣĵȴĳ֡
ϾɭҲǲСЩɱֵǲ࣬ڼѰҵĻ϶©ƷѣֻܷɢѰңǶÿһλƷʱ򣬶ƷƷ硣
ȴã֮УһӰʼзɴܡ
ˣƷ簵ľϲţǿľ֮ͷ˳ȥ
Ʒ罫ͷ˳ȥ֮æֵ˻ΪǹϢǿӦɱе쵼ߡǽʼĴڣʹƷҲģʵ̫Զˡ
ΣƷֻþļȴһĿꡣ
ӰѰãڴлһȻ޽ȥ
MDһ涾
Ʒ簵ţҿǷӦĿ죬ƷѶľУڲݴ֮УǽеĻΪƬ
˲ãƷȻִԭϾطձǿѰʱǱȽϰȫġ
㣬ٵãƷ־ϲķ֣ˡ
һ£ϣϸĴ˻ȻϢΪɱ֣ȷʵܹ
OO@@
ǵӰ֮ʱܼĲݴУ΢΢˿
ǵӰ󵱼УЩħ޳ûǺģÿһܵĿ꣬׷Ź
ԣѡսеĳͷ亹ʼƽܼĲݴ֮С
ݴԷΧ㣬ҲһߣΪԷб˰㣬˿ʼеĽնŵסЩݴԣС
ʱڰУһľ֮У΢΢¶ƷǰյһӲʯͷ
˻֪ԼѾΪ˱еһνĲݴҹ䡣ЦľǣƺԵЩ£òĿ꣬ͻȻȫʧȥĿ꣬о뻢ڵĸо
ɱǽܰɱǿе񡣵һӲߣȴֶɱְҵֹ֮С
ƺЩľƺΨһʹĽŲǰСоԼɱˣսһɱ֡Ψɱ֣ſɽԼϢϾ
ģڰ֮УһӰͻȻӹ
˾һ£ΪܵĶ˼ٵĽӰȥ
ͨһ£ǵӰƺ̫ţƱĳЩסһ㣬
˳ȥǷ˲ԶƷ磬ЦСӣڱҵˣοܣ
˵һ˾ѰĿ֮꣬ǰܵļѹ˲õ˼㣬ȴûпƷıвû¶֮ɫ
͵ģ˲ٳɣҹէһɭĺ⡣
֮ǰõģ֮ǰ˵Ҫ׽Ʒ磬̼仯ΪСڵֻܾȥйŭ𣬽ǰƷ磬ʬ
ݣ
һȥÿ죬缫һ㣬ʺɫĹâ麬ǿҵһɱ⣬ƽƷ硣
ְҵɱ֣ôɴ䣬һӵ׼һ׼Ʒؿڡ
һ̣ϺƷ羹κ֮⣬еɱֶΪƷԼһ֮¡
û뵽ȹͷʱ̣Ʒ͵һƺһǺӰ˹ȥ
һӣһķ޹ɫȴеĸоһ׺
һһҵĽ˱ĺҹ
ƷʯͷǾ׼Ĵ˵С
ݣһǿӲĲλƷע£ǰԵֱӴ˵Ѫ

ҽУͣ˼ʹĶ֮סմȾѪˮ죬ڵصĴš
Ȼʯͷڱţʹɲǳ˿ܣʹ
ƷһЦұȥ˭ȴҪɱңֻ浽ף
˵꣬ƷӰٴδУʧ
Ͼ˵Ĳҽ㹻ɭɱֵעˡ


27 뷴
磬ֶУҲУıƣ㹻
û취ʹƷ粻ϲŪЩıֻȥӦӦ磬һнΪ档ǰѧϵΪĶټҵ伮Ѿ߱˷ḻԣҪˣıƷЩˣø
ڣƷŵһһǿɱ֣Ʒ綼ηƾѧЩײеɱ־šƷ粻ߣǾЩɱ־
СӣϷ׽ȻƤҹ֮УѾûðɣһ侲άֲȥˡ
һΣ⵽Ʒİ㣬˴ġɱ֣ʹ˹ȥ˵Ҳ涪ˡ
һ£ںҹ֮УһӰ˹
ɱֵͷĿ棬˴˶˴ݳ鴤ҧгݰӣͿ֪еķŭжô
ߣû뵽С˽ƻ˹죡ǺӰߵɱ֮
˫һ裬յĵƻǾƾͼƣ
Ӱ΢΢һ̽ͷȥ˽һЦЦܱߵĿһӱ÷
ʱƷȻǱ˺ڰУǻڲ¶һ˿Ӱ˽ԼȦס
Ʒ¼ΪСģûȫİգҲ׵ȥݽõȥȡΪ߿λʼǿߣֻҪԼС£ľܹЩǿߵ׷ٻǿԵġ
ˣ⴦طƷţһʯУʯԱ߳ݲݣܱ߻ܼľ
⴦طȷʵžѵƣǱЩɱַֻ֣ҪƷУٷŰѴҲǿġ
ʱƷ米ھʯУпʼĥ˼ǿľͷ˳ȥԲﶼˣŷǰǱصǹǿϢȴֱӱƷˡϾǹϢǿҪԸԼĻֻҪָͷҪԼˣƷŸ˷ȥ
뵽ڴˣ˽ӽ⴦طƷĽضЩľ֦ΧЩ
ʵҲܼ򵥣Щľ֦ǰⰵõһ˵˵ĵطⰵ˿ƣǽһЩҪ֮õȥĲٶЩ֮ƷйɵĲõľ֮УԼҲסЩĲùɡ
統УЩֻǹȨƣЩƷԭ򵥵һ壬˶޷
˵Щɱ߽УЩסͻһɨסĶ
ѺãƷһЦ׼˺üӲСʯͷİΣǣ
֮Ʒ㿿ھʯԵüУʹﲻ֣ƷҲǿ԰Ȼĳŵ죬ԶЩƷ絹Ǿû⡣
˽ʱͷƷ˫һܴʼжˡ
Ʒ΢ʼϾԷҲǽĸ֣ԷǽʼǿߵĻƷֻܹķݡ
Ʒеϲľǣ³ֵĿ꣬Щʣµһ֡
ĻǾͺˡ
ƷľҪǿ࣬ϢҲνɱҪĶ࣬ȻȻǽɱֵһжƷС
ǽɱͬݣ֮ʱƬҶմϵȥʱ̾š
ߣɱҾͿôɱңƷɫһֳ׷ɳһʯͷ
һȻǺܴ󣬵ĺҹ֮УʹͨҲһ
ɱֶȻһʱӦƾŸоһӱס˶ķԴ
͵ģɱֵ˫һӱǿʯС
һ£ʯ֮УһӰ˳ֱشܽС
ɱһȵСӣӣ
λɱ֣Ҳ˲֪ٱˣ֮ǰ֮ѱһӵںòҵĿ꣬Ļгɡ
ģɱֽŭĸųС
ǣ߽вãǰʱЩסȥ·Щ˵ֻͨѣΧǳľƷѾ챻ŭסǵɱ֣ϸȥЩ
ϰԵģɱֿҲÿȥ㿪Щ𳤽ն˵סԼǰ
飡飡飡
һ죬û뵽ЩеԵģƺʲô
ݼΧ֮ľķ϶֮Уһ֮Ｑٵĳɱֵϼ˹
ɱִ󾪣Щǲ˵ԼڱܵĶеĳЩ֮նȥ
Ϯ֮Ǳɱ֮ն£Щ֮ʱɱȴĿɿڴ
ЩʲôЩȫ˺˵ľ֦ѣȻ󾪣мˣ
˵꣬ҹ֮УŶ̶׵ľ룬ƷǵóѵӰɱֵǰ
͵һ֣Ʒֱʯͷ־룬ٶȣɱֶݵĻ㱣㹻ЩʯͷĻĿꡣ

һҽУЩʯͷķǶȸպ÷ֱɱֵ˫ؿڣѪɡ
Ʒ֮ԾرĽɣ
֮ƷһУǼסһʯͷ
ݣ
ʯͷ֮׼ɱֵţֱƿһѪԽһ
Ʒ粻ɣһС
ƷŸܳãǿľǸоǰͻȻǿϢٵıƽ
ʲô
Ʒɫ䣬ͷѹһ͸ѹ
һƷһǿƾһѪڣֱѪ˵ڵء
ߣǺھͿôӣһƷǰ֮֮ǰλͷվƷǰ
ƷĨĨߵѪҺ𾪵Ķǣʵôٵģ
Ʒ粻ɵӣЩԭǼõģȴ˿ͱǸţȻбġ
ص浱ϷɵߵˣѵϷ͸ٷ𣿡
Ʒһ㶣ŻȻ
ȷʵ˵Щɱ֣Ʒٷûиıġ
ߣ͸һ㣬һλɱΪնǽɱַǶһֱбֶķҲ˵ǽɱߵʱ򣬲ǷܹƷ磬ǶұߵķʱǱȺš
νһͿһʱƷ͹Щɱֵ̣밵ˣû뵽ȴǷ⵽˱˵İ㡣


28 Σʱ
󽣻ʼǿߵвƷ֪ӲˣƷȻԵ÷ǳ򾲡
ϵĻҳЦˣû뵽ǾȻʶҵļıǵ̣ĺúٹһ
ߣͷߵ޲ðνնƷ硣
Ʒ粻мĻص˵仰Ҳÿ
Ʒ磬ƷΣҲʵͣϷҲ£ѡһǺúϣϷȥҼҴл㣬ҲԶһʱ䣻ǣ㲻ټ⣡
ǺǣҺƷһЦھ
ϾƷӵһѵƣǾڵûκζԼʹƷ簵ʵʥߣѲ
ûѡ񣡡
ƷɫһҸԼһѡͬھ
û˵꣬Ʒ͵ķһʯͷ
ݵһʯͷʵ̫ˣ˲ߵؿڡ
߲亹һִһȥʯ黹ǻߵϡ
ؿڶٸдʹı˰벽
û취һƷֹ죬оû뵽Ʒ羹ȻʯͷΪЩ⣬ʼǿ߶޷ӦΪľô̡
һóѣƷ׷ƾճһѾ趯һλˡ
΢ʹӦѤɫ֮һĳųеƷĻնȥ
һƷ绹ǵ͹˽ʼǿߵʵ
δȫǺ˵ǰǽ˾ѹƷ͵һƷݾ֣ǿǰκμɶǸơƷɴҧأƴȫ֮͹׺ӭһ
飡
һ죬ĻƷеľ˲侹һնϣϬĽ˳ϮƷϡ
һһѪɽ𣬾ƷϣǱƿһ̵ѪڡƷʹһˣƶ֮Ƶóʹ԰䵹ڵأ˿ڣѵĳӣŭŶˡ
֮ӰưѹǺŭĵƷ磬һѷĳѾ׼Ʒüġ
ߣ𣿲㻹˵Ϸ򡣡һŭƷ磬ʱھƷǷ񻹻ˣϾƷʵ̫ƻˡ
ƷƷһ壬ЩСѾңǵİڲԸѡһ
΢Ϊ׽㣬ȻϷǳ㣬似㹻Ϊһ½ǿɱ֡
ϧǣƷҪЩС˵УǷǳɱ֣۸˾۸ô޳ܵĵزɱ֮ƷҧгݵĺƷɴྡ
ߣͦǿ𣿡һ⣬յĵҲȥҼҴ˵Сɱ㡣
ݣ
է¶һɫ⣬ɫ˸Ѫĺ⡣
ǺҲǽסгһѾ˺ܾˣÿΪȥĵǱ
Ʒ粻ʵ߬˫ȭ֮Уȴڲץס
ɱңûôף
Ʒŭһ͵Ĵӵϰ֮һɳҰ˲ģ
ԥƷһƣܵȥ
ϧƷ绹ǵ͹ˣ͹Ϊɱֵĸо
ĳ֮УĹ⻪ƶһѸݣƷ硣
бƷתͷȻɫʵĵɴ˫ֻۣѾ˹
˲䣬ôһ˲ʱ䣬ƷԺУһϤףǰһУҲнһС
ʣǳĲʣò׻ҪС˵ıɱ֮С
ۼѳҪƷҪ֮ʱҹ֮УͻȻɫ⡣
ȻڽԶľ봦ٶȴǱѾƽƷǰѳҪһ
һ̼䣬ޱȾգǺ˶ͬʱоǵͻȻǿҲؼʱ̳˶ݵĻ㱡
㱣ɫսֱۡ
һѳͬʱ˵ϡ
ʲô
һǺһƷ綼ȫľסˡ
־£ֹܹ󽣻ʼǿߵĳ֣ɼصǿ߾λʥǿߣһʥеٮٮߡ
Ͼֹּľ룬ͨʥǿ߶޷ġ
ռ䣬Ȼ䶨סˣҲ˲Ȼˣ䶳ס𺧵סȻ䣬ձüµѹ֡Ǵ˵һ㣬һѾƿ֮С
Ӧ֮ʱǺ˶ͬʱӳȭͷĻƷ硣
ǿߵĳ֣Ǹ⣬Ϊɱ֣ǵҪΪҪʹԵ޿ƥеǿߣҲǻܲ

ֻȭͷźХľ磬ɫĹ⻪ɭ֣ȫסƷ硣
Ʒûж㣬Ҳû㣬־룬ƷҲ޷㣬Ȩȫļи˱λصĿǿߡ
ʼȫ֣Ҳ˵ǹٶȼ޷ۿɿˡ
ȭٶȺܿ죬ҹͻȻӳһӰ졣
һ£ͬԽ˿ռľ룬ǵصӰǳƷǰǿм˫ȭƷм䡣
飡飡
ȭشͬʱһؿϣȴؿڣ˼Ӳĸְϡ
˳ʹݾ֣ȭнȻӿһɰԵķ֮
ͨһǺ˿Ѫͬʱ˳ȥǱĵ˵ϡ
Ʒ󾪣ǰǸߴıӰϤĸо


29 ͸
ǱӰתƷǸһЦǺǣǸһˡ
峤ƷɫĽһ
ԭһֱǱڰǹǿϢڼ峤ɡ
ǺƷǽ峤ŵȫǿʥ۷ǿߣܹԸ𣿾ܲ߶Ǹص⡣
ԣûѡӣҲûӣֻȥ׼гľ
þãƷƽ飬һְǰ˺ۣվ
ɾ£ˣ
û£ЩС˶ѣлл峤ľ֮ƷмʵҲȫû뵽Ǳصǿ߾峤
΢΢ͷ漴תǺˣݺݵʵ˵˭ָʹģ
ĻصˣҲӦúΪɱְֵҵ£ǲģ
ҲǺ޾ɫһֱڳƷ硣
üͷ£Ʒ絭˵Ʒ磬ڵѱҽˣԼŰġ
Ʒ£ƽı飬΢΢˵ͷųصĽŲ߽˵ǰҲһֱƷ߹
Сӣղûɱ㣬߲޵ĵ
ǺǣΪҵã̫ʢýǿߣֻΪɱңŴɱֽ磬Ҳ޷̧ͷˣƷһЦ
ٷϻҪɱɱҿʳʲô붼룡˶ݺݵ
ߣҿû˵룬ȻôҾͳȫ㣡Ʒɫ˲ת䣬ֿٵʰصĳ͵һǺ˵ؿڡ
ӵɵúܴĿлǹϵӿѪĵȥ
΢΢һΪʼǿ߾ǱһëͷСӸɱˣʵһ衣
ƴһ£߲֪ʱһһƻƷ硣
һƣܿ죬Ʒָ죬ϬĳǺ˵ؿаν˳ƳߵĲϺ˹ȥ
ͫһŵúܴһƻûƷؿڣֱֻ۾ͽӲסͣһ
ǣߵĲ֮УȴǱһ̵ĿӣѪһ
һƷ綪Ѫתɡ
ǰȻƷ粻ϲɱˣƷ粻ɱˣֻҪвԼвԼ˵ĴڣƷǾκε顣
ɫû뵽ǰųƷ磬־֮ݡ졢ݡ׼ƷҪΪһɱ֣ǾǻΪɱ֮
䣬ɿʼ͸Ʒˣʹ˼ܵɣƷģǹȥڣȫһƬ
þãɲŻʵƷ磬ΪβǱָʹ˭
ǺǣǶһϵɱ֣ҲǶģһʹʹ˶ϣƷ絭һЦڲһ⣺ңѾ֪˱ָʹ˭
һѾɢһɱʣ˭ڼˣ
ƷһһٵĻص󹫾
ߣԭǲϼһƺϣ۾Ƭһ
ƷɱɣͻȻʣ峤иⲻ֪òʡ
ʰɡɼ
Ʒԥ˻ʵ峤ǲҳǵʱһֱڰиң
󾪣˵ԼҲʥеǰǿߣû뵽ԼǱԶԼߵĲҿƷǰɫ϶ԼȷʵڰиɣƷԸЩɱʱĹֶΣԽԽ͸Ʒˡ
þãɲųƷ΢΢˵ͷȷƷ˵Ļ
ƷȴȤЦʣĲµĻ峤Ҳְɣ
ôһʣɺʲôסһ㣬ƷҲʵ̫ˣֻεĻصҲֻڿʵѡ
⵹ȷʵ˲ˣǻȥĻĸǾǻᵣңҲʧ峤ӣ峤룬֪ҵģһˣ峤ƷȤЦ
ЩˣЩͨ죬æˣСǲʲôעⰡֱ˵ɣ
ȷʵЩССҪİæƷ¶Щβ͡
˵ɡ˿Ѿ׼
Ʒϸ˻峤ħһֱǹѺЩͽǵɣħΪǵĻأҹǣ⴦طΪ߻ܣھ֪Ҹĸ֪ܣ𣿡
ɲƷڴʲôע⣬ûܾƷʵأ
ҪʮĽһƷصĵ˵ЩʱƷ綼ͦѹģΪ˽ΪһԱӴļ壬ʮһ᲻ѹ
û뵽ȴǺˬӦãû⣡
Ǿ̫лл峤ˣ⣬ʱҲûˡƷԵޱϲá
ɳ˼˻˫Ʒʵ벻͸ΪζЩͽ˿أ
Ǻǣд㣬峤ģƷЩΪ˼濼ǡ
ԣΪ˼档ɸŴЦ
ʱƷ粻ת۵ڵϵߣյĵ峤زϹһҪǵĺϢɣǰͻȥɣҲöи
£Цã⣡
²˳٣жɡƷȲЦ
漴Ʒһ˸Դͬǽֵʬ壬ų͵͵ء

յ峿ڲ󹫾ĸǰۼһƬˣУ֮糱ˮ㲻ϡ
˵һˣһж𣺡ʲôǴ󹫾
˵꣬һλŵڵأоֵ૶ˣ
ûڴ󹫾ĸ⣬ɵʬ壬һߵģһͬӵġ
ӵľŻظ֮󣬲󹫾˱ߵ˸⡣
һ⣬һߵʬ壬˫ȭݺݵ߬׵ŭ쵰˭˰ʬŪϷĸУŪߣ
ЩɫĽЩʬ̧˳ȥ
һЩΧųֵȺ̲סִʲôû𣡻
Ϲŭˣû뵽һԵº͵ϹһεڷŭȺŴˣ׷׵ɢ˿ȥ
֮ɫк޺޵ţƷ磬㹻ݣϷ涨ˣ


30 ֢ҩ
ƷصУȰȥԼĸĸƽƷԱ˳˶˳ȥ
ȻƷֱһЩƷʸߵҩģȥ尾
ҩƷԭڲһַʽЧѣЧԵҽزֻǷõʱȽѣϾҩձ鶼ǼģһҪȺȥЧŻá
ʱЩƷϳЩʦɻվ˳Ⱥţ㲻ƷΪͻȻҪ
ȹã֮УһŵϢɢ˳
ʲôô
Щʦһŵζܵӡ
ͨһֻƷϲĴӳ˳лСĶһŨŨɫҺ塣ҸľǣƷζûʲôоЦء
ЩʦȻɫ䣬ĸоζǴҺдġ
үʲôģôôһλʦűӾʵ
Ʒǳʦֿ֪ǳʦûʶ
˵꣬Ʒ粢ǳʦ㵵ı飬һҺᴵϲɫĶǰõҩŷưȵסȥ
ЩʦɵãȻɢŵζұƽ֮£Щʦֻ峤ȥˡ
ϾһУⶼϵȫµʳ⣬򲻿κβ
ʱڷưȵס֮УưȾ˴ϣԭһֱػ˷ưȵĴߣưЦ̸ţ峤ɸպҲǡ
˵ţͻȻ䣬΢ƽһǺ˵ζ
Ȼ䣬ɵɫ䣬ǸǷŭĳ˷ţƿڴ쵰ĸԾȻĸ׾иó죡
ǼΪŭ֮ǸŪζˣѾȥ˰ˡ
ǣߵ֮ʱһֱŵĿڣͻȻſҲûϣ۾㵵ƷЦĶһŨɫҺܶ
ǹζǴҺд֮䣬ǵס˱ӣɫܵľʣܣʲôӵĸ׻أ
ǺǣǺöرΪĸġƷ΢΢һЦǻûֹסƷ磬Ʒȴѱ˷С
һǹҩζŨ̼ҡ
ɵˣɫ䣬׷ס˱ӣŭɻĶƷҩ߹
ư󣬼Ʒǰɻ֮ǲ⣬Ǻܵס˱ӡ
ʲôԭеѾԵúܲˡ
ƷЦЦҩصΪĸġ
ҩ
ɵסˣʱҲס߽ҪֹƷ硣
Ʒεҡҡͷжԡҩȫû˽ԣֻĵĽ͵ǷģôẦԼĸأⶫһ˼ŪģȫҽκĸϵĲ
һˣ˵ɫҲ𽥵ƽֻǶȷʵȽţԽܡ
ǾʣǶôĸã
ȻҪĸ׺ȥȻôҽκðƷȻĻص
⡭ⶫôУǼˡ
ưͻȻЦЦ˵ǺǣŷҺȰɡ
һŹһĶŷưȣ֪ưȵͬڷưȵĸ֮ġ
Ʒ⻰һů΢΢һЦСĶҩߵ˷ưȵĴǰԭһĵ˿ȥ
ҩζԽܣưȶЩܣǷסӵ֡
ƷĽҩ͵ĸ׵ߣĴ˴Цĸףһûµġ
ưüͷ£ͷ̽ҩ˻ɬ˵áÿ࡭
ǺǣҩڣԺĸĲͿȫˡƷ׺͵ЦЦ
ưȵ˵ͷƷЦ£Ƥ룬ȥ
ɵһֱڿţȵõƺûôܣǵǿúܣҿԼȣȻĲ֪ܲܳŵùȥ
þãưںˣĲ˲ߵҩܣǾһҵĴսһ㡣
ƷֱЦʣĸףоΣ
ÿ࣬ůůġ
ĸףЩҩﶼѵ֮㾡ѡƷѵ
ȷʵЩɼҩһƷǴһƷҪǳ˵Ļ޷ʵ䷴вͬ˵ڶӵȻǿҩ
ưתڵħȴǷ֣ħҪ˳ࡣ
ϲ֮£ưæħӿҩ֮Уʼϵؽ
ǵˣĿתĶĻַưȵɫԽӵĺڵħƺҲڿٵɶ¶˾֮ɫ
ЩҩģۼǧЧһЩǿħҪЧ
ʱƣưȽڵҩﲻϵҩеϵưȵ棬ǿ˷ưȵ֮ħҲǿֲǿ
ͻȻ䣬ưȾϲĵɿ˫ۣҪĺͻˣҾȻͻˣ
ͻƣ
ɵĿ࣬Ŵתķưȣ֣ưڵħȷʵǵõ˿ε
ˣưڴħʿ֮ͻƵħʦľ磬Ѿħʦˮƽˡ
žϲķưȣһοƷ磬ɵ˼ֱǿһ̥ˣҲ̫˼ˣôѺȵĶҽηưڵĲ̼˷ưȵħ硣
˿µĶҪǱ磬ǲ˸ͷѪ
ʵҩЧֻǶԷưرЧѡЩҩ;ߺư֮ȻҽΰٲưΪԵʣŻͣͲǰҩպǿ˷ưȵ壬ǱѾõħŻͻȻǣֱӳ¾硣
㵽ô쵽ģԭ̲סʵҲǺĶƷ硣
ǺǣֻЩ򵥵ҩĴ尾ɣĸ׵ĲǶ֢ҩĸ׵ľֻĸ׵öѡƷ΢ЦĽţһ߻ЩҩﲢʲôĶ
ޣԭˡԭȻĵ˵ͷ
ʱưƽм飬Ʒº͵Цлл㡣
ĸףǺӦġƷЦЦѵˣĸ󲡳Ǻúɣ⼸ȺúôڷϢɡ
ưȵԵúһˡ
ʱһεߵƷǰǸĵԲ𣬶ܣ֮ǰˡ
Ǻǣû£ȳȥɣĸ׺úϢɡƷЦ
˵ͷ˷ưȣغ˼׷߳˷š
æ׼ͶߵЩʦǣǻζɵ˻Цӣֻôùģֵ̿ı˻ȥ


31 Ҫľ
ҩвҪҪơҩ
УΪǹʿû˻СҩĹ
Ʒĳ֣ȫĴ˳棬ҽκԼĸ׷ưȣ˷ưȳֹǰľ硣
֮Ʒ͵֮ȫ壬䶯ȫ塣Ʒڼиš

ÿ۹еĹһ㶼ΪҪ¡
Ի͵ĴҫۣʥϢ˴֮С
ڴ֮Уվ˳󳼣벴󹫾ǰߣγ˶֮ơ
󲻾ãɫۣͷڻڵѩۻ˴֮Уɫϵڻ֮С
س׷׹һ
ѩۻʾɫĳʵλ糯й£к֮£ࡣ
˵꣬Щ˵۹и֮£ûʲôرش顣
ѩԵȤɴһһ½Щ󳼴ֲͷƵĵλûر֮£ɢ˰ɡ
΢һ£վ˳ۣϳ¡
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Եһɫɣۣ磬ϳУȻʬ塣ΪӣһΪвϳ˱صϳͣ
ޣѩƺ˵ʵϹеǺΪ
ϳܣδܵ¹ϵϳİΣǻʶİΣ򲻿׷Źŭɣȴתµӣм
ǵúúòȥ׷顣ѩ΢΢˵ͷ
ɫԵһЦ˻ȥ
ţһֱĬȴվ˳ۣҲ档
Ǻǣ֣¾ֱ˵ɡѩ΢΢һЦڴ֮еõѩ۵ĳֵܣֻɲӰɡ
ͬҲǱɫĲۣǰƷ絽£⵽ЩͽϮɸңЩͽɱǴͽ֮ʱȴЩ˵顣
ʲô˵ģߣȻ˸Ҵδ⣬ҪǺΪѩŭ
ŵð飬亹ֱ޲ھ˵ղ֮ԡ
ԣɶֱӿ˲ϹЩͽ˵ָʹģ
ôһ˵ŵһ£ѩֱŲʵϹǷд£
ۣǴԩƾ޾ݵģЩͽֻ֮Щջѣ飡ֵĹҪ޵ƵˣǱǵóЦ
ѩ۵Ų㣬ҲҪú׷ǲʵضĲ㡣
ԼǣҪúòϳһסװһΪίӣжġ
һֵˣϹ峿֮ɺϣ罫ʬҳҿǲǰЩͽ
һɫʱò԰ףҲò㵱ѪĻصǡЩʬ״Ҹֲϳѽˡ
ޣǲ޶֤ˡɲԷ̵
һȻŭ峤⻰Ϊ⣿
ۼسҪڵۿڴսѩȴͻȻˣȵΪֹǣ˲ʱǺΪضϳͣ
˵꣬ѩۿ۲
ŵһ亹͵ʴףв֪жŭ˫һֱڵɣɱ˵ĻѲ֪жٱˡ
糯ɢȥڳӴɢȥ
ɵ߳˴һŲŭɫĲǰ
ɹһϹСĵ㣬ɱˤˡ
࣬ݵɣ㹻ݰϷҪܵá
ʲôʲôɿ˵úܴΧ˶ˣ׷˹
ÿҪѪ䣬ŭߡ
ǵ⣬ͻȻʲô룺ˣ֪°ˣҿȥ
˵꣬ɱһԵģƺǻһʤ㣬Цݣʹȥ

ħ
ԴƷرҪ֮ɽ֮ǰŵ׻Ϊε£ƷҲرΪħеɹߡ
˵һͨħǰʯŴ򿪣ޱƷٴ̤ħ
ЩͽȻһʯǰȥƷ磬ɭϲȴǱŵࡣ
֣ˣɭ޳ǰЩͽΧɭ޵
ƷɭޣעɭֽڣֽѾһӲƤǾȷɭ޵ʵѾõ²ͻˣ΢΢¶ϲɫЦǺǣ𡣡
Щɭ޲ҪмĹǶִҵȭ漫Ҷ̶ʱõ˽ʵ̫ˡ
Щͽǣۼʶɭ޵ǿ󣬶ȭĽѣҪƷԴȭĻžƷΪˡ
ƷЦЦϸĻΧһۣȻ޶٣ʵˣɭޣһжˣ
ɭ붼룬һڻصһٶʮˡ
Ʒ˵ͷһɫĵҴ˴Ҫ֮£ȥͨͨɡ
ɭĸΥƷʲʣħеһٺ˱ϹϾվƷܴ
Ʒ粻һɷԽӵĸе⣬Ϊ˸ǣǿԻָˡ
˵꣬Щһ£Ӧ֮ʱſϲĻԵޱȵļ
ǡƷ
һסƷ磬һƷͻȻǼи̡
ƷǿԷǳȥȻǻΪȻֻᱻػ˵˲ǵˣȻͷ˵֮ѾʧȥˣǾǳȥˣǻܸʲôΪ
ԣ˶Ĭˡ
Ʒ˵ȷʵûЩһǷֻⱻڼ֣Ѻħ֮СǾȥĻҲȻΪٿг˯Ļȥ
Ʒ⻰Чִ̼Եջ벻ȥһҵĴ£һʹµµΪ߳Ϊһǿߣܵ˾أ
Ʒ˵ԽЩҲǸԽƺǰĳѾһĻĻʵĻǵԺ֮С
޵Ļ֮УƷͻȻָˮɱ֮ĻҪľ򣡡


32 ų
˵˭ҲẦ£ʹЩͽҲǻ
ԣ˿ʼ⣬Щ˲ƷĻڶ
ɭ޳˻һᶨ֣ͦɭ޶㣡
ɭ޵ϴӻǲģվ˳
ţҲȤҲãȻĻӣ߾϶ûСһǲƷȥһǹǿȭ˵Ҳһ㣬Ʒڼˣ˼ҵСܣԿ
ŲãƷΧһˣʣ֮߰ˣȴǻԥ
ƷһȻȺйȥЩرˣЦʣǺǣûϵǲ뵽ҵӪڿԷ뿪
ԣЩ˶һ£ƷϰЦݣһݣƺ¶˾һ㣬϶վƷߡ
ǵѡǶԵġƷЦЦȴһԥ
Ӧ˵Ǹ˶Ʒ˵еΪм
ƷȻƽ͵Цʵأ
Ʒ磬мĵߣħѾסˣҲǣҲ뿪
УҪôǣҪôߣƷʼӲ
УҾǲߣΣ֮Աǡ
Ʒ˫⣬ɫμһɿµɱ˹ȥҲ㣬ﲻ
ݵһһȫûпǽôֵģֻ˵ĲϱһѪڣƷеĳ˻ȥ
ÿµĽ
ڳ˵ĵһ뷨ɭ˫۸ޱȵĶƷеĳ
ʵ˵ƷǱģЩͽ඼ɭޣһֻΪɱӺѡЧٸղŵһѾЩͽ̵
תƷЩеˣղŵǽֻͨĽѣѧҿԽǸΪĽ
ԣѾʼˣ˸żʡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦʵǶԸ˵ʱ򣬲һԼľҪǿˣֻҪӵһýͬǿɱ߲εǿߡңΪ˰ǿߡ
⻰ɭ޵˵Ʒǰ
֣ǴﶼˣԺЧ㡣ʹڵ΢һ죬һøǿ󡣡ɭᶨ˶һ
ãƷॵ˰¶˵ǰ
Ʒ˵պһٶʮİѽÿ˸һѣٶȣ
˵֣Ʒ缸Ҫһ
ЩͽŵõܹȥƴŸһȻ󰲾վƷǰ
Щͽ඼ɱ˵ģڽӹ⽣֮֮ǹ㿪ʼ¶˳
Ʒоɱ⣬˵ǵ֯šΪʲôֻǵڡšˣҪϼκ
һƷ綼ǿľ˵ģֱ˵飬˲һɷ⡣оǰƷ粻һˣһħ
ɭޱѪսƷЩҲѪֲʣʴˣǡšʲô֯
ʱɭѾƷıƺˣΪԼѾûʸƷվԵһˡ
Ʒ˫ɭޣеˣǡšһɱ֯½еɱ֯ͬǲκֻɱɱˣɱ˾Բɱ
κ񣿣
ɵסˣпɱ֯κģȥ׬Ǯ
Ʒ˵ɻĵߣЩ֪ɱǽΪǮƣ֣ɱ˲ɱˣɱ˼ң⣬Ǯȡ֮𣿶ңЩΪ˼ҵǮȥɱ׳յģԹԵĵĻǲһɱ˭ɱ˭ؿκ˵ɫҪô½е˶ǡšЩɱҲηǡšɱ֣
⻰˵˾飬˶ɳƷ绰˵ɱ־֮С
ûΪʲôɱ־һҪĻɱ֣ɱ֣˭˭
Ʒ֪Լ˼ѾЩäĿĳЧȻУʱ̶ҪǵãԷϼڲӵĺױɣҲ˵ڶ飡
ǣ
˷ܵĺ֮ըס
Ʒĵ˵ͷֵǼ롮š֮һᴫһ׽Ϊнһңǿǵܽںϣ˲ɱ֣ҲǿԵġ
ɱ֣ǶôңԶΰƷ˿϶׹ǶѪǣ糯ˣ˸ż
Уǵʵչ黹̫ʱûҵ˵ճʱ䣬úȡʱԼǿɣƷִ
ף
һ𣬾ھһ㣬ż顣
ģƷеĳĵУҪȫȫҡš֯ˣҪһⶫһ˶٣Ʒɭޣɭޣɣ
ɭޱϹϾǰ
Ʒ˫۽ɭǰǿڵƤеĳɭ޵ϻš
ɭ޸еʹƾŶƷΣʹ˫ۡ
ˣڡšˡƷ絭˵ջء
ʱɭ޵ϣȴǿһġ䡱ֱ֣߻ȺѪһ֣ȻƼ򵥣ȫһǳɣм޼ϣ־趯һ㡣
ʶ˿µ֣һһֻнﵽ߼ܻ˹Ľ
Ʒÿ˵϶䡱֣ÿһһǳɡƷ֮˴µһΪȷǵݣǷֹԺ˳û룬ЩгɵƷá
ȻƷóдòõָݸɭ֣˵ɭޣанң֮ÿմŬޡҪסȴѭ򲻿ɼ𣿡
סɭ޳صĵ˵ͷֿϲĽӹǱӡ
Ʒӻó˱Щƾɵָ壬ٴøɭޣ˵ÿΪǰŵʱ䣬ȥúòοɡ
ɭ޵˵ͷ΢һ£ȴǱסˡ
沢Ǽʲô¹ǿֲĶħѵЩѵЩͷҪȾﻹҪ°ٱ
ʱ䣬ɭ޵ӵɵúܴɫԵЩҰףǱˡ
Ʒ翴ɭ޵˼ɫһЩܲˣ̸ʲôǿͰдȥ˵ĻͰϳͰɡУһΪʮң㣬ϣõĵطȥ
סɭٴγصĵ˵ͷȻħѵܿ£Ϊ˱ǿΪɱ֣ЩͲʲô
Ϊɭ¶ľģΪԺƷһ½־ɱ֯ţ


33 ֵܹ
߳ħȴѵȺʱ
Ʒ£ǰЦʣ峤⣿
һֱ⡣ЦЦ˫Ʒ磬ղŵַܲǵ۹Ҳˡ
Ʒɵ˼ܳ˵峤̫佱Ʒˡ
΢΢һЦǲʣֻһֱ벻ףΪ˿ЩͽֻнС˶ѣкμֵ
Ϊ˿ûʲôֵŻ𽥵Ʒ˫
һ㶣ɫ¶ɫ޵ⲻ
Ʒͷ˵Դ⵽ɱ֮ºصĸҿڰɡڼȻʵǿ󣬵չڰĻڼǳı밵һЩ԰ưԺ󲻱ڼ嶯ֵģǴɺúɰЩͽЩ֮ͽҼʱúǵĻԿԳΪЩŷɥһɱ
ƷЩıɾͰ̾磬ɫӾȵɫƷ磬˫ʵĲ֪µʲô˵ʮһֱǽԼװεĺܺãȻ벻ףΪڶ̶ʱ˷츲صı仯
Ǻǣô䣬峤ӦףƷһжΪڼ档Ʒ粻εЦ
ɳĵ˵ͷò̧ͷֱƷ磬ЦƷ磬㣬ȥɣΪ峤һᶦ֧㡣
лл
һ򵥵ĻӦʹƷ⡣
ƷǿΪĴ磬Ϊ׷侳۷壬ҲֻΪ棬Ϊ˱Լļˡ
ԣƷ籣ڼ壬ſɱԼļˡ

ħ֮ƷһͬصУƷȴǰĸ׵סԺС
δԺһȽ֮
Ʒɻ󣬾ֱԺС
ǿտĴԺ֮УԼĴƷŬŽ
Ʒ棬νĽ˽⣬ʼ㾲վһ߹ۿƸϰ
ϧԽãƷԽֱҡͷ
ǵǿ㹻ˣնֹΨһȱݵǾٳ˺ᡢնȵȣ޻ΡȻ˵ﵽһ޵ʱκλζôģǵͬȼĶ֣˵εĽҲ˹ؼá
ǿע⵽ƷĴڣĻлϣܵõԼŵ֪ܵܵ͡Ʒ翴ȴǲû˼ֱҡͷ
ȻԼĵܵܣƷ̬˵ǶԼӣھǵжЩƲ֡
ɴ࣬ҲûȤˣȻͣƷ磬Ʒ磬Σ
Ʒ£æͷá
漴ƷԱԺпľ֦ǵǰеһľ֦ݹǣЦȥɡ
㵲ӣƷֻûЦ磬ֵ˻ƴа
ŷӦεĽӹľ֦˳
Ʒɫ֮磬ȻƴУҲҪСŶ
һ㶣ɫҲκδ⡣ȻСûƷʹһ׵ܵܶȫȻ˽⣬ȷʵǲòء
ţվ˶һ㣬˳ʽ
׼ˡͻȻѣȻŵ˺ľ֦оһԵһĶ֡
ƷɫƽȳְɣҲſָһ㡣
Ǿ£ԽӲֻ֪Լĵܵܿǳ֮˵ԼҲǼͻƵĸ֡
ģľ֦ƷնΪľ֦ǿݵģ˵ʹöõ̫ͣͻ۶ϡ
ƷǼоԽԽࡣ
ģƷһŤպñܹǻնľ֦֮ʱƷ绩Ļеľ֦ĳеľ֦趯ţһһıƹȥѿٵǵϻ˲֪ٴˡ
ǶȻ󾪣˻ĽԷõòһľ֦һĽԼѲ֪жٱˡ
ɣ˻ȥƷĺľ֦ɫֵǣ磬ɡ
ǲʣľ֦һߺţƷնġ
ϧôƷӶǺֶ㣬ȫ䲻ֺ
׼򹥻Ŀ꣬Ʒսľ֦һ㣬ǳľ֦ǹŤֱƹǵġƣעЩľ֦ļͷͦǵ¸С
һ죬Ǹе¸΢΢һʹһɲСƵľǣǿƷϵľ֦ȫûб۶ϵļ
֮£Ҳǲʵľ֦йע
ϧ⻹δҫãɵһеľ֦ͱǳĶ˲۶ˣŪεĴԭء֮䣬л¶һ˿Ȼ
ǴСͿڳ֮ʱǱΪӢһٮٮߣû뵽򵥵Ʒ罻֮󣬾ԼĽ˵ľ֮ܡ
Ʒ翴ǵ˼Ц磬ʵѾˣֻȱĥѡ
Ѿķڷˣƿ缢ĽƷ磬ʣ⵽ʲô˭ģ
ǺǣԴĽΪƷνЦЦ
û뵽ȴǾõɴ˫ۣ̲סǾеʲôԴĽ
ϲĻҿԽ㡣
ģԽң
ͻȻޱȼȥƷһܱˡ
ƷЦЦصȻԣҵ״簡
̫ˣϰ˸Ľͻһ㽵ӡ
漴ƷóһӣΪϰ֮⽣ԼԭеĹ佣ƷĸĽҪࡣϾǶԼˣƷÿ˵ʵ
ȻƷ㽫дõıӵݸǣЦ⽣ϸ֮ȥúòɡ
ǽӹǱӣĿ˼ҳӵɵþԽԽɫӵ𾪣Եޱȵļһ԰ΣƺԶȥһ㡣
þãǲŴлع񣬿ŹĶƷ磬ʣƷ磬⡭дģ
Ʒ絭һЦ
ŵö˴ġOˣһŵı飬֪Եжš
䱦ıסǱӣæƷкܿˣȥǽˡ
ƷҡͷһЦⲻ֪ԭȴǴĴƷ˹ɫͨεЦղŵ׽ɷ踸׺úоһҲýһ¡
Ʒ羪£漴ӻó˱дõĽؼЦǺǣף綼Ϊ׼ˡ
ԭһһֱӴƷпٵ˹Ȼкֱӱ㿪ˡ
ƷվԭűɫգԺ˭˺ҵļˣҲûô׵ģ춼ܣ


34 ħѵ
˺죬ԭΪõƷĽؼڽ֮С
ƷѴﵽĲ㣬ħҲǴﵽħʿľ磬ʹֹ絽˶壬޷õͻơ
ԣƷ綼ĸ׷ưȵߣǰδйĸ
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ߣѪеڱصã˹˾ġ
ƷҲһյı飬ߣλ㣡
ǽܷо˻᳡һӴĳظУԵ⣬漴ãĿʼѪе׼Ϊʮң
˻һ᳡²λãټ˺ҳʮң
Ҷʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ʥȻƷʥ۸һӾȻᵽҡ
ʱ򣬼۸ҲѾﵽ²λЩܳܵļˣڿɶϲھˡ
ǣ5Ź11Źȴǳٳδг֡
ڣ۸ٴҡ
ƷһЦͻȻҳһǧң
һǧ򣡣
û뵽۸һһǧһ󱶣
˶һ5Źڻǳˡһ֣ôĺˡ
ˣһ۸񣬶ʼˣŵ׸òüپȥ
Ʒ簡пݰ֮ǰڻңΪҪõѪеɡ˹һݣߣҲóѵģڼõó٣Ǵ󹫾Ҳõó٣
ͣ˲ã˹ںүһǧң
˵꣬˹İЦҶѹ㣡
ͬʱƷҲЦʼϹˡ
˴󾪣11ŹҲѡˣ۸񣬸ߵÿȫ˳ˡ
ŵջûάֶãƷźҳһǧң
Ʒ粻ҽеö̫࣬Ȼ˹ΪԼ˼ҡ
ѩ˿ɼˣơƷ磬̫̫ˡ
Ǻǣзִ硣Ʒ絭һЦŻ᳡
һǧ
˹ţֱӴүǧ򣡡
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˹ԥȫȫƾŭĺ˳ҳǧ򣡡
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˹ˣͬе˼Ŀˣʼˣ˹˷ŭڱصõӣֲȰ
ãܺãҶ˹ֱֺҳǧ򣡡
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ձԽԽţǽܷҲǼĿŵȫˡ˵׻ƷʥѣȻв˵ˮ֣۸ҲûиߵôѲǶˣ
˹֮ѹôףǲ˹ĺʤ֮ģ֮ǰƷټٵļ÷ŭµĲ˹϶ΪƷֻΪ˵õʥѪе
ƷеҲգÿһļ۸񶼲࣬ԱƵò˹ϵķѹ۸񡣲⣬˹дã۸ˣܲܶԷһ˳Ҳ̫ˡ
ΪˣƷϵ۸£۸Ȼ˰ǧһҡ
ʱȫѾüˣǽܷҲŵûô˵ˡ
ǧһңȷʵҲǿ쵽˲˹ĵܷ߳Χ˹ǲĵҧŭҳǧ򣡡
һΣ˹û֮ǰǰǿѹҲ㻹˿ǡ
ƷЦЦǹˣԣɴ಻ٳˡ
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ǽܷòŴӾлع񣬵ǧңûиߵģ
ϻǧˣ˭ȥԿ
ڣǽܷ򺰳֮11ŹʱѪеʤ߱ǲ˹ˡ
˹˿Ʒٺߵļ۸񣬿ԼҲҲܲˡ
ɣ˹ĴЦҲѰˣͷԾѹҲ֮
ͻȻ˹ܾЩطԾ͵һʲôһƵǧң
˵꣬˹˶˹ȥ
5ŹУƷѩ˿ȴֵùЦ
˹ҪˣӦǲ󹫾Ҫˣ


38 Ѫ
ⳡ漤ҡ
ǰÿһƷĵۣ̻׬ˣ
11Ź˵ǺηﰡΪ˴ֱʣ

Ļˣ˻Ǿۼ̻֮⣬׷š
˹ֻһңӶҪ˳ţſߵ̨СϾеƷڲ˹ϣҪȥġ
һΣǲ˹ˣΪƷȡʤû뵽ǱƷݺݵһѡ
ʱ˹˲ߵ̨̻Цǽܷȴš
˹үֿ󷽣ɳˡǽܷȤĳ˹һЦ
˹һɫҪ̻ᱳǿ󣬲Ȼ˹綼ǽܷˡ
ǰ˹ĵˣ˵ôˣϿ㣬һҪŸϻȥҸ׽ء
У˹Ѿû֮ǰĿήҲ˫񣬾׼̨̤еķһ㡣
ǣϷΪү㡣ǽܷ򹧾ӭϾ˴ƷΪ˹Եʡ
𣿶Դ˿ͣȻҪԴϵһ
ΪˣǽܷصλòŮΪÿһƷļ۸
ǰʮ򡣡
ħ򡣡

λòŮӣϸĵͳÿһƷľļ۸ΪÿƷžļ¼ġ
˹һƷļ۸񣬵о컨׹ͷһƬذѾЩ˿˵ʲôˡ
ʱ䣬˹ɫޱȵĲϣƻĻĲб
þãǽܷ΢ЦĳŲ˹˵˹ү֮ǰƷһǧ˰ʮʥѪеܹһһǧʮͷʮ̻ᲹͻظŻݰɣܹһһǧ򣬻벴˹үˡ
Щ˵õͦģǽܷŵ˫ۿɲ֪жôļթЩƷֵܼһǧûУû뵽Ȼװ׬һڡ
˹оؿǱͱһ㣬һѪҪ
Σ˹ֻóԼרõϾǽܷȥˢ
˻˹ִǽܷǵЦ˼˹үϾֻʣǧңֻ֧һ룬֪үûбϾ
˹ŭǽܷЦƽ͵ӣԼ˼ˣֲ˭ֻܿ˵˼ϻ᳤ɷͨһ£ȼţһȥԻҸ˵ʱٸ㣿
⻰ǽܷɫͻȻȷܿ죬ˣ˹ү㲻ϷЦɣ
˵Щǽܷһֱ˲˹ŵò˹亹
˹æϻ᳤˽Ҹ׹
˵꣬ɫֵĲ˹ֻߵȥԼͨˡû취˹ֻˣȴǺ޲ýƷǧС
ţһЦȴش˹ҸôƴֵĴ󹫾˹үҪأ
˹ѭȥƷѩ˿Цɫ̣ŭƷ磡ʲôЦү𣿡
ʲôƷ¶һԩı飬˹үǧᣬ㾹ȻôöȻҲΪԼĶ
֮Уһ˿Ʒ˵ȷʵûղʱƷȷʵĵһˮ
ǽܷһ˶Ц˻ѺõӭȥүˮϷΪ׼ˡ
˵꣬ǽܷбͻȻóһˮݹƷ硣
ллˡƷһЦӹˮ
˵֮ʱǽܷȴǵȥмүͱˣˮϷر͸ʾͲظˣС
˵һ룬ǽܷǵóϾƷ磬ЦүղĻЩƷԶԶ˼۸ΪᲹʧϷ̻صزһǧңⶼϾˣԺ̻ĸ߼ء
⻰˹ñףҲʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ絹ǵѪǵĲ˹һۣ˼ĶǽܷЦϻ᳤ô˼أ
˵˵Ʒ绹ǽӹϾæ˻
漴һЦҪ˶Եݲ𣬲ȻΪǲһ㣬ͬһǿ׳ء
˹ֻվһߣƷ磬ŭȴԡ
Ʒ۲˹ֽеˮݵɫߺѩ˿ǰŵĵ򡭡˿͸ģϣϲ
⻰ѩ˿ĸΣૻص硭ΪҴϵĻҾͲϲȻ
˵˵ţԽԽϸѩ˿ͷؿȥˡ
ƷҲţҲߣãǲ֣ɫͨΪѩ˿ˮҲƷжŮ͵ĵһ
ѩ˿һϲȻһ͵ż⣬Ʒϡ
һǣռƺͻȻͣһ㣬ƷĴ
һǣһůϸ۸оӿͷƷӾһȼգ޾Ҹ֮С
˹ĻӶƷ羹ȻŲ˹ѩ˿Σжɱ˵ĻƷѱɱǧˡ
þãƷŴҸоѹŭеĲ˹Ц˹ֵܣллˣŶǸǸڸղʱҶҽеģڼĹǴ󹫾ƴְ
㣡˹⻰һѪֱӳţֱѪ˫һգѪģȥ
ϴ󣡡
߲ŵˣʧĽס˲˹
Ʒ⣬תᲴ˹ѩ˿뿪˻᳡
᳡еʱ򣬱λվ⡣
ѩ˿Ʒߵ⣬۵ӡ
ѩ˿һɻеƷתȥ
Ȼ䣬һλӵ˹һɬ˵Ϊǣûȥˡ
ѩ˿һȴǱƷֹסˣɫĵ˿㻹ȻȥɣȻ㸸ᵣģеǣ´治ˡ
û뵽ѩ˿Ǻߺ˵Ŷ´οɱܡ
֪ˡƷһЦ
ˣ´μѩ˿Ļʱر˼Ʒ磬㱻λָˡ
ƷϾٻŸղѩ˿һǣ˲Ƽգ
˵꣬ƷĺŸظȥˡ


39 ͻڼ
̻֮󣬹ãŭڵĲ󹫾ϵ᳡
һ˹Բѵı˲ţŵ˹ȥҶǷʲôˣ
ǽܷһǲ󹫾ҲһǸĳ˵󹫾ڴ˵ǸǸղϲ˹ү̫ˣ˻ԡ󹫾ȴ˹үظȲ˹үѺȻ֪ԭˡ
ŭǽܷ򣬺ߵҶ̻µģҪҶĳĻϷǲŹ̻ġ
⻰ɾʹвˣǽܷȻ󹫾ɣһеȲ˹үԻףϷҲԻŰݷá
һ˲˹ŭ뿪˻᳡
ʱƷصڼУֱӱĸ׷ưȵס
ʮδƷȷʵԼĸˡ
أƷƿ˷ţưıڴϡ
ĸףһˡƷ

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˵ˣĸǲ̫㡣
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ףҴˣĴˣǱĲ˹մȾѪƴĿš
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漴˹㾪ֵĽʥ˳䡭ʵһҲˡ
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ˡǧҡ˹ɫ
ʲôƵֵǧңŭǿǽһļҲˡ
ڣҲͲסеŭһ嵽˹ǰһ籩ʹƬб㴫˾÷ǺĲҽ
ãķйŭ𣬲˹࣬ˡ
ݺݵҧгݵƷ磬ϷһҪʬΣ
һ֣̿ͻǰˣүչдһжΪүƷĹơҿүһĻᣬƷˣ
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˼˻ǱԼÿ첻ĶӣǾ͸һλᡣ
˵꣬תߣϾǽܷҲȺʱˡ̻Բ󹫾ݶԶԶǲġ
ԣβעҪһˡ


40 
峿Ʒڴʹѹ˵⣬Ʒӡ
ģƷӴ£һ½ǣ˫ȭоȫ̾һǺǣͻˣ
ʵнĴڣͬľǣƷǿҪǿνĶټƷһѧǽֶƷҲֲκεıˡ
ʱƷ磬ƽתڵϢ˳ˣϾǽ࣬ƷڱԴˡ
Ʒϸ̽״ʱȴǴһΪڵĸϵħƽ浽һ𣬻ַҲڡϾȫͬεԣƷ绹ȥðսںһֻɲͬεԼ档
þãƷվ˼֮ϢȶöЩˣֱ߳˷š
Ʒһƿţȴλ˹վȺţƣӣƺǵ˲ʱˡ
Ʒеɻ󣬻𣿡
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һﻹͦ˵ģҲαġƷ簵ţһ߻˳Ų˹֮⣬ʰϾƱЦǺǣѵò˹үܹʾãܲȡ
˵úãһˣ˹һЦȴţһҲ˶ѣͿô
ʱںˮ״ζһ㣬ֲٶȼ죬˵⡣еȺǱɢȥ
ģסϵϢڲ˹ڵĴıԵǲҶ֮У̽ĿͷԣҧƺҧһϬĶ̽


41 ˮϵɱ
ʱ˹ƷڰѾƴ̸
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˹ɫһֱƿڴMDôģ
˵꣬˹߳˴ᣬ׼ȥˡ
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ĵӰĹҫ۵ĺ⣬˸ɭĺ⣬ԵĴ˴档
Ʒɫһ䣬˫͵һ̤
žһֱӱ˸Ʒ˿ٵǶУһˮٵ˴档
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ټȫʪܵƷֱӴǴƿĶзԾβߡ
˹ǰͷסƷ磬ƷһĨЦ˹жȻַĸоΪùľǣǴڱƿ˸޶ˮٵӿǲϵ³
˹һţӵĳ۴УˮҲӾ
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42 
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⡭ƷɻĽӹǽɫܾ÷ǳء
˵Ψ峤ſӵСɱСССһֻҪӵʹڼϵȨԺٽģܾЩµҪһԲǰˣһҪƱܺá
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ΪˣΪԼˣҲκܵ˺ҲԼܵ˺Ʒһɴδйļᶨ


43 
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44 ɺϻݺ
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ƷһҧصЩҩȷʵģʲô綾֮
ȷʵƷѽͣԼԭȵ磬±޷͵ġ
Ʒ׿ڳϣһɫŭΨԭһֱƷ硣
ԽŭƷ磬ûĸ׵²Ǹ򵥵⡣Ҳּܣһ㱾ǶԿ¶Ⱥ֮ģպĸʱ⵽Ⱥ֮ˣɼͬһˣҲҲʶˣһжֻɺϣǣĸһУֻΪ¶ȺնµĻӶѣͲٻɵ㣡
Щ˸ԽԽ˵Ļŭ֮ɫԽϼأЩھͺ޲ɱƷ硣


45 
ǿձ¶ƷȥҩˣȻĸ׳£Ʒȥˣٶ
һ飬˵ɺϡȫȫĶһ߻Ѿõľ֣֣Ʒ̤˽ȥ
ܣҶ֪һȦףȻȦ׺ܼ򵥣ƫƫƷѰκε˵չ鵽ף⻹ǳҩ棬ƫƫЩҩ޷͵ҩ
ڣƷʹ׵ģҲ֣ƷǰٿĪ硣
ʵʵټ٣Ʒıգһжֻһӣ
þãƷ侲ԽЦϣ˵ʵ̫͸ˣѵѾȫȫĸˣǡ
Ʒ磡ô˵ʲô˼Խһŭ졣
ûʲô˼ֻǲ״Ϊʲô֪ôһֱ˵Ķ㰡Ʒ绰д⡣
ԽƷ磬ߵСӣˣƤӣΪдϣܵþ棬Ѿط棬Ȩ㣡˶٣ԽּΪյ˵ʵ㸴֮ʵͻͽΪ죬ʱҾ綼ˡ
ôһ˵˵ʸˣԴƷ縴֮ڶ̶ʱ֮죬ʵ˺ˣǾţҲԶԶ޷ڶʱӵ͡
ߣᣬÿ˶ÿ˵ܣѵ;ʮʲôû𣿻۾Ϲ˿Ʒŭɫ
Խðһ˵峤Σ֮ԭǳǡҩϣû֮ǰƷɶģҾӦȽƷΡ
Σ
һɲʲôôĵط
Ʒ΢еļ֪οǵΣ棬ʮգĥ
ɣƷͷɣ峤֮ǰҩ֮ʱҲлҪ˵𣿡
΢΢һ㶣˫۽Ʒ磬ɳƵĵ˵
Ʒ˵ͷԵԽʵΪշҩ֮ʱշ˾˶ֶֻصȥҩշˡ֮ǰѾ˴򶨿շ˵ˣɼƻѲ߻ѾãˣӦž߱дСΪϤˡ
⻰΢΢һɵӱ΢΢һüͷ
ԽȴŭƷ磡ô˵ڻλϣ
ϣλ϶ûôΪλһôѵˣҾӦòǰɣϿϸĴдСôأƷƻһЦرǺ漸仰˵ر֮ء
Խָ࣬ŭƷ磡ͷ㻹ӲˣƷȴΣ
ţ
ԭվ˳ֱԽϣڿ˵Ƚ㽫ƷΣأ
ԽһһֱʹԵͻȻ˵ˣȽƷΣ֮£㣬ֻúÿհġ
ԣȻĵͷߵڳ֣˶ɾв
ƷʹʣڣһָоǸоƷľúƽ
Ʒ㱻Σͨȫ塣
ͬʱգȥĿսл𻯡ϢȴǱڼȫȻ֪

ʱƷڼ׳Ĵţ͵һĵضУĽƷ˽ȥ
ͨһʮ׵ĸ߶ȣƷ类ţòôһˤʹֱ
ʲôط
ţƷһƬȻ
֪ΪΣ棬価һɳصƷ÷ǳĲĴΣաΣ֮أҲ֪ûô򵥡
֮Ǳڼ֮ˣû˻ų
ģƷȻŶ㣬ϢǿԵġ
ټƷƽ飬֮ǰ£Ǳޡ
ŲãƷ˫΢΢һڰһܴ϶֮
һһķ羢Ʒ͵ľӦһٵĹء
һһƷԭ֮
Ʒ翴֮ɫȫıˣգˡ
һ޴ķ嶥֮׶ΣǷټƣ֮ʱ˵ϣǻֱӱ⽴
ţֱ׳Уƺһɾһ㣬ƶ
ɣƷ統Ͽմ֪̽ȥ
ٶɫ䡣
ǶڶȫȫļЩǳɶƷھҲ·
ѹ˵ûܹŹʮ죬ֱһء
ھɫİ֮Уһߣˣˣ
Ʒ΢ʵ˭
˭Ҫ˭ҲҪԸǣʮ֮ڣԻú׼ɡʱͽ㣬ڶ죬ղǶͻɱӣܲӹȥǾǿˡˣǶҲʱӣ˵ʮգǶͻʱҲˡԣھͺúõȥһɡںڰ䲻Ӱȴ
Ʒɫ࣬Ҳ˵Լֻʮʱ䡣ԼǿھгŹ˵ʮ죬κλ֮ˡ
ţȻųʱ䣬ƷֻٶȾޣ׼õ״̬ȥӭս
ģƷ绺ı˫ۣڹϢ
գҲǿյ
Ÿ£ʹϢٶڼ塣
ͬڼɽУһᡣ
Уÿ˶ǷǳĳʹҲǷǳķŭ
ʹޣΨԵúƽϸȥѾ԰ɫƤʹĳ鴤
ܳɹҲûгʲô⣬Ҳһ֮УԶɢ統С
ҹ
ɶ鷿һ㣬ǡ
ͻȻűƿԭŷưȴ˽
ưֱʹ޵峤СҴģôˣĸ׵Ļ᲻֪·ǾԲģ峤飬ųȻȥˣ峤Ĳʧȥˡ
ԭɣҲưͬļš
ɵȻȥɣзִ硣
ưȼˣǡ
ûʲôǣ߰ɣٷңѾˣŭĴ˷ưȵĻ
˱һԭưȻ˵ʲôģԭӦÿ죬ֻóŷưȲʵ뿪ˡ
ϾƷڻûɣȴʧȥֿʹ࣬Ƿưܱȵϵ
ڷư뿪֮ɵ˫ͻȻһ⡣


46 踺
ڼĺڰΣƷڴޣȻѾסƷӣƷǿɻġ
ͻȻƷ˫΢ǿκһֶ޷ѡ
һ£İϿ֮У϶͵
͵ģƷ˫һһһ˿
飡飡
˵ϣ𶯵ǵǿȷǱѰ֮£ûгκεѺۡ
ɣ˻ȥգͻȻǶƷڴ
ѲƷ磬ԶƷһһȥ
㣬ά˿һʱ䣬ֹͣ˹
Ʒ粻壬䵱־֮£Ļᡣ
ˣȥ죬һֱӵ˰˸ϵغƷڵϹȥȥȻ˲Ʒֺ
ڰпˣƷɵĶܿЩ޲е𺧣ǰ֮ġ
û뵽˲Ʒ磬ƷٶȱԽԽӦҲǿ
˵죬ѾﵽʮĺһĿ꣬ƷԽӵĿ¡
£ǰпƵˣѾѡ
£Գ˵ǽʼǿҲ޷֧ŶãһĳšʮѾһΣսˣܶùȻʥǿȻ⡣
˲ŵľǣƷ磬ʮв֮£ǻ㣬ܹ
ɣЩɣ
Ʒú˷ܣϵЩʲôվӡ
죬ҲǷưΪʹʱѾȥˣҲǾˡ
չ鵽ףƷʵǿҲûôǿ֧Źȥ˵ΪƷѾˡ
˹ȣŲưȼȥѰ飬֮⡣
ࣿ˭ȥ飿ô飿
ԣܱעƷǱɡ
Ƶĵھ죬е˶ΪƷˣԭǶΪΨзưһֱڼţǹɵ鷿֮⡣
ʹģΪƷˣȻʹġòףƷܹ˼ϣ񣬶̶̼£ƷҪٶָоڷưȵһȻ޸˿ڣȻֺݺݵͱһ
ʱںڰеƷ磬ѾЩˡ
ʮ˸£ѾﵽⶴڷΧˡ
飡飡飡
ÿһΣƷ綼ʮֵľģĶһĹÿһֺ򲻿κεķģһⲻضޱȡ
ÿһ̣ÿһֵΣƷ㶼ҪĿ꣬оյĶ˿
ƷһƴţЩпƵ𾪲ѣܹʮ˸¶ܹѾ漣ˡ
ңΪµľǣƷȫоκζĲȫƾܹ֮ģؾͨʥǿ߶ûɡ
ڣάãЩпƵ˱ƷˣҲֹͣ
ƷҲڽѰķټĻƷҲǳŲ˶ˡȻƷûӵжڵ붷ҲͬһĵĵһʱҲǻܼ޵ġ
ƣ۵ģƷڿԺúõϢˡ
ͻȻ䣬ǵһ˿֮𣺡ĺǿܹϾ졣ܿϧܿ죬ͼҪһϣ׼һεսɡ
˵꣬΢΢̾ϢҲûʲôˡ
һ𣿡
ƷȻ壬ˣһεˣ˵Ѿûʲô־ˡ
û־֮£еʱƷûеطɶ㣬ʹˣƷҲ׷ڻţֻҪţͻлᡣ
ϧʱƺúܿ죬Щֿʼ΢΢Ħ
Ʒ͵˫ۣɫ࣬еѣǽеħͷų
Ȼ棬ħԪؼΪıеķħںҲǲܵסЩĹ
뵽ڴˣƷ練ƽ飬ͨԪأԭİĶ֮У𽥵ҫ˲ɫԪعâ
һƷ绹δȫ׼һ
ֵľǣֻһһȫ˲Ʒһ
͵ģһӰһ֮ץеƷ磬
գۼ䣬ʧ
һ̣㵽˳ɭ֡
ͨһƷڵأһɾ֮ϵԱ飬ǰȴһϤӰ
Ʒһ峤
ɻתɫԵüΪ㲣Ʒ磬뿪ɣԶĵطȥʱʺ㡣
뿪Ʒһ㶡
û˵Ʒ磬ʵһֱûлɹ㣬˵öԣܹ˴ȦףǶڼǳ˽ˡȻʧ֮ʹҵͷԻǺѵģҾ㣬޴ǲȥġ
лл峤ΡƷһжֵǵ˵峤Ʒھ뿪ĻǲηӣڸЩ¶𣿡
㻹𣿡ɽƷ磬˵Ҳ֪¿϶֮Ϊ˭ҲȫûκΰաˣҲǸ˾ͻ¶Щš㲻ߵĻҼʹԷΣıܲ㻹֤㲻̤Ǹ˵Ȧ𣿡
ЩƷŻȻ򣬳ĵ˵ͷ峤˼ĺܵĸ׵İȫ
ĸײŻΣգ𣿡ɵ
Ʒһ㶣ɣĵ˵ͷ
סһжҪ踺أ̵׵һ졣һҲһֱʹ
Ʒ˫ȭݺݶһ죬ҵ֣Ϊĸףҿ϶Źģ
ߣҸŹɺҲ߬ȭͷ
ͻȻʱһΪЦٴлܿϧǶûˣ
ƷȻɫ䡣
ɸصսȭͷͻ֮УǴﵽʥ۷弶ǿߵɶеһѹƷ˵ˣڿµ֮£ؿо÷ǳĳƣǱʲôݺݵһ㡣


47 ԭ
һλʥ۷弶ǿߣһλǾͬҲﵽͬˣȻûзֵǰ֮˵Ĵڡ
֪ǰǿߵʵǿɻǿɶѾʥ۷弶ǿˣѵ۶гбʥ۷弶Ҫǿǿߡ
֮Ȼⱻѹţ˻ǾЩϤС
ɫأʵ˲£ºα͵͵ģ
ǺǣΣ壬ȷʵⷬ緶ԽӰںڰ֣ش
Ʒ翴Խȫľסˣԭ㣡
Ȼ֮ǰƷԽƷȴûɹĻʹǴϣ֮ǰԽֻһӶѣΪϣ¶š
û뵽ţԽĻ֡
˫۽ԽڻʸҶ𣿡
ȻûУ˾ϵ峤ĻλĴأԽŵĻص
ս˫ȭʣ㣡ǲı㺦ģ
ɰɰʲôʱôɵˣҾȻܹǵǰǻõ𣿵ȻҺİԽĵ
ˣڼˣ̲סеŭ
ߣ峤֮λȥ֮ʱҾûԼڼˡ
ǹƽ
ƽʱʵǿ츳ҲǿʤҲңΪʲô峤˲ңԽЩˣȵĲʡ
ǣȷʵܶ෽ǿ֪Ϊʲô޷Ϊ֮𣿡˵Ϊû飬Ҽǵø˵һûеˣ޷Ϊ쵼ߣ
УЦʲôҪڼܹǿҪģԽǺġ
ǿȻ壬ȺˣȺԼˣҧгݵ
ƷŭվһߣĬԣ˫ۣȴĶԽ
ԽɱƷ磬ûĳ֣ҲһҵĴϡĳ֣ѾȫȫвҽĴڣ
Ҫ뾡취ɱңȺҵˣƷŭڵŭɽ緢
ûһеĴΪ㣬ûڵĳ֣ĸ׾Ͳ⵽ȺҲᱻԽɫ
û뵽ϾȻ޳ܵˣˣӦ˵䣡Ʒ緢ŭ
Խɫһ͵ıȣʲôʸ˵
һμһϮƷؿڡ
ƷػһѪֱ˳ӿ罦ͺһʹİš
ɫһǰһγԽݵҴ磬㺦˿գһҪһ
𣿡Խмıɣ͵ӿһɿֲϢ
Ȼ䣬ռ䣬΢΢ŤƬľ֮УԱѹȥ
Ʒչʵ̫֮УȫΣҪ˺ѿһ㣬ܲѡ
ɫ䣬ʣû뵽ͻˣ
ǰ֮ǰպõõͻƣӦ֪֮㲻ҵĶ֡ԽԳһӸ֮ơ
ɺ޾ɫţɢȥµ棬׷׹ѶһƬ̳
ݣ
ὣɰսԽ
Ʒ磬ֻҪһлᣬ;ӣ𣿡Եޱȵࡣ
ûˣǶ
һЦԽ˱ֵɵǰ
ɴ󾪣ŭһȫ֮ɫİνâӳնԽӡ
ǰһҪնԽʱ
һ˲䣬Խǹʧ
һ̣Խӵɵ࣬Խһ̽͵Ŀסǻûȫնһ֡
˵㲻ҵĶ֡
ߴԽֱͻϮһɿֱֲϮɵ档
ˣſң
ʹôУڵȫǹѹס޴ӷ
ԽһЦţھҵ㻹ʸң
˵꣬Խ͵һʹɲҽ
˭뵽һλʥ۷弶ǿߣԽУԵ˵ĴС
Ʒһʹ֮ɫҧŭǣһӱ嵽Խǰһͦش˹ȥ
Խ΢һ£ȻûƷĹ͵ڳһֱֻ֣ǽץ˹ȥ
һǱԽֱӽסݵ¶ǲмЦ⡣
ƷɫһݣһھȻƷеĳ͵תһȦ
ݵһԽ΢һоǱһѪڡ
Ʒһ֣ųĽסԽڿռ䣬Ϯȥ
Խɫһŭ
һ֮£籩ףԽѸ֮ƣ͵ıƳһƣгŵĽ⡣
Ʒɫ䣬еĳδйȥоһɿֲ
һƷ⵽ǿǵĽɫⲨ֮УƷٴαѪֱӵɳȥݺݵڵء
͵ģԽͷŭʹеɣȵҲ
һ£ԽǺݵһ½ɸ˦˳ȥպƷǱߣǱˤ
峤
Ʒ󾪣ʹȥɣŭԽ
ԽĿҲڶǣŭ˵ҲᣬֻҪ㽻ҿԿǷһ·˶٣ԽֶƷ˵㣬ֻҪܺúңĹҲԷһ·
ƨƷһҾǸɣϵõʲôôɱҲûã
СӣĺҵͶȿ޵ģԽѾƷɱġ
ĶԽʣ㣬ĺ峤֮λ𣿡
̫СˡԽ˵СС峤֮λҿ治Ҫģ£
ƾ޳СˣƷ糰ĴЦ
ԽɫһƷ磬𼱣Ȼһ֪ʲôʹĥ
䣬ڵɫ֮УͻȻ֮䣬һɿֲϢʼ𽥵ɢ˳Ǹоƺڵ޵Ԩ˿ʼе˾
ɵãͻȻֵĵɴ˫ۣ򣡡


48 ջµ͵Ϯ
򣬼򵥵˵ڶģĿռ䡣ռ棬ͬһ磬ˣеףеˣ֮Ȩˡ
ԽЦҵǾӲ˵ģ
Ʒ缫ΪʣԼѾ޷ˣڵһһɹȫˡɣһʹ֮ɫҲǲˡ
̼䣬ΧڵգͻȻ
ʱ䣬˲任

ķ磬ţΧһСַɵƷͻȻ㵵ķ֣ѾϿ֮ߣͷȥľĿõ׵Ͽȡ˵ȥĻʣˡ
Ǻǣ벻ȥ԰ԽųֵƷ˵ǰ
ƽ飬ŭԽ㵽ʲô
ʲô㻹ҡԽûٸ˷ʱ䣬
ߣ㵱ɵҾǽҲˣ
ûѡ񣡡Խһɱڵӡ
УΪ峤ƷͻȻ˵
ɶȻһƷΪͻȻ˵˳ȥ
Խһ㶣ת۶Ʒ磬СӣԭϣǾͺˣֻҪ㽻ĹҾͷһ·Խ˵
һͷƷ磬ƷȴЦ𣿡
Ȼ㿴ҵǸƭ˵𣿡Խڳһº͵Цݡ
Ʒȴɴ˸£ӿƭ˵ģ
ن£Խɫ˲ת䣬΢ӣһֳƷƷ磬ѾˣΪҲɱ㣡
ɱңС㵱ȻɵĽƷݵ˵ϣ벻øǿ
ߣǿ׷ľ綼ֹģԽ߰ͷ
һǣƷĻӦԽ⣬Խעʱڿʼȥת
ͻȻһ֮ʱڵĶ΢΢һ¡
ɴϲԭˡ
ʱ˵Ʒ磬ͻȻԼɵ΢΢һ£Ʒ˶һ¡
䣬ɻ͵͵Ʒʹ˸ɫ
Խ͵سͷ䶢ŷеƷȵСӣڷʲô˵ҵʱԿ޵ģ
ЦõҵĶҲ㡣Ʒ粻ıԽ
ҪҿҪ˵Խˡ
ƷЦԽǸӡ뵽ڴˣƷջԵ˵ûȷʵõһʲôһ
ԽѾȫˡ
ʲôһλʥǿߣõһѾʥ޵ˣǿߵõ绢ɼԽջж
һֱŭԽȴ͵ˣԽĵʱ뾡Ű취ڵϢ׼һö
ƷԽϹЦûȷʵǼһһܹʹõõĻΪеǿҲûġ㿴ңŶ̶̼Ҿӵ
ԽԽԽң̷ߣ
ôУѾΪҾҪóҲҪȷһ°ɣȻôãƷƻ˵
Խ£ɶߵɣͷٶƷ硣
ȻƷʽΪŹ֣Խ֮УƷʽô֣Ҳ޷ʲô
˻ԽƷ˵Ʒ磬Ҳҵ֮У˵㣬ˣĻҾɱ㣡
ɱɱ֪ɱһˣôϲɱƷ粻ֹš
Խ࣬Ϊ˵õҲֻţǻƷϵ
ȻƷеһ
ƷһµվֱӽԽһߣŽǡ
ԽŭȵСӣڸʲô
ˣӺۣһ½ǻһ°㳣֪滳ǲǻСӡƷķ̵
㡭
ʲô㣬ôû˵㣡
ƷֱڸԽƵģһԽʥ򼶵ǿߣû뵽ȴƷİٰ֮£ֻŭĶƷ硣
áã㣬óԽǿоҪŭѡЭ
ðɡƷ΢΢ͷ˵ø㣬ҿɵŶ˵Ҫһ·
ˣنˣӦˡԽһļȴƷ磬ԭҲô
ɼˣǵĳƷĴеƷ磡ԲԣǸҲǲŹģ
һУѾڵϢͨˣʱ׼
𣿡Ʒɵɵ£ͷʵǰ峤˵ûʲô֤㲻ɱأ
⻰Խ˶ˣǱͻ˫ۣɲ֪ɵɳ˶٣漴Ʒ缸ҪĽеҳĻұ֮أ
ѪģŲ㡣Ʒ˰֡
㣡ԽˣΪ˿õƷֻ˳Ʒ˼˸ѪġѪĿԴ巢ģΥѪĵĻǿҪ⵽ĳͷ
Ѫ֮ŭԽƷڿ˰ѣҸ㣡ҪˣҵģһʬΣ
֪ˣѾˡƷ¶˸µӣͷֶߵ̾峤ԲˣƷ绹ôᣬҿɲֻܶԲˡ
㡭ֱ壬ٿԽӲ˵
ԽЦܣ˿ɶġ
ͻȻݵһһ֡
û뵽Ʒ羹ǳԽעʱ򣬾ǴóɳٵĻնԽ
һͬǸоκεĶһȴǼޱȣȫƺһ㣬׼ĻԽĲ
Խɫһһɨȥ㻹̫ˣ
һƣɽƷĽδȥ˱Ǳɽѹס˰㣬͸
ǣƷһУȴͻȻҫһ۵İ׹⡣
ħ
ʹǿߵԽ⵽ϮۣҲǻݵĳֳɡ
ɵĶʱѳ˽ȫǿ⣬˹ȥ
ھʵ̫ˣټɵ͵ϮԽǾȫûзӦ
͵أһȭһȭȴǽȫеעһȭУҲеϣעһȭС
飡飡

һԽһѾȻƷ磬һֱӽƷ˳ȥ
ڶǿ͵һȭѾȫԽؿڡ
Խ֣ʹǿҲã࿹Ļʥ۷弶ǿȫƵһҲôþͿԳܵġ
ԣһȭУԽѾ˳ȥзɽѪ


49 
ͨһԽѾ˵ϣƷǿƾ˲ƣ߲߱Ѫ
̼䣬˲仯һУҲʲô£»صǱɭ֮УԭһУֻǻ롣ȻȻԽ򲻹ơ
վԽԭֻǰʵѣ֮ҲǼΪˡ
ߣѹõеԭֻǰ񡣡Ʒſɣ¶˱ġ
Խŭɫɱ˰۹ⶢƷ磬˵ܺáܺáԭˣҡ
˵˵ţԽƺйɿµҪˣ͵ŭȥȼˡ
΢Ҳ壬ڵĶӿȫǿ
Խмıɣûղܴˣǣ㷸һҪĴǾ̫Сʵģһúһ£
Խ˵꣬ȴɵǰһƣɼһġ
һɸһУϾʹһɾϮ˵˳ȥУһƬľһƬ̳
峤
ƷһתȥȴͻȻ̽һֻ֣͵ؿסƷĺ󾱡
Сӣ𣬸һƷ粱һ㣬ʹС
ʱŭԽѾһƷ磬ݵҲ˦˳ȥ
һˤɲᣬˤƷһ컨׹˫ʹŲӡ
͵ģԽǰһɨͽһɾˣֱӽΧľƷˣ¶Ʒŵǰ
̫ˣֻǰʵǣһ㷴֮ûУȫǱԽŰ
ʱһ佣ƷǰԽƷ磡ٸһλᣡ㶮ġ
Ʒ֧ӣ޺޵ĶԽŭߣҾҲ޳Сˣ
ߣҲҪˣȥɣ
Խ̲סеŭսҪƷдȥ
ͻȻ䣬δȥһֻȴץ˹סǽ棬Ѫ
Խһǰǽ棬ѵĳӡ
Ʒһ֪ҪʲôƷȴֲõԤСκԼʵ̫Ű񼶵ǿߣûԼֵĻᡣ
ԽҲǶɵľٶΪ⣬ȴֹĴɵϸоһΣյϢʣܣѵΪӮ𣿡
ǺǣǿߣһᶼûУϧֻǰѡЦЦ
ԽһΪߣΪһĻ𣿡
͵أԽеĳһһѪ˳սƱ㱻һӡ
һ̣ɾȫоѪʹһ㣬Խһɺܿĸڳһֻȭͷ
ȭͷǿҵ⣬ܿɫתŵĽɫһǿµ
ɣԽԾĵɴ˲ŵݵĻ㱣һȭȴѾûԽؿС
һԽӦʱǿȭͷؿڣһǿѴؿд͸˽ȥ
ƺһԽٴε˳ȥеĳ˳ȥ
һȭͣǿ֮УƷűƵþֵĹ˿ȥ
һԽѾǱĵ˵ϣҳ˸ӣɼһȭж๻ˡ
عƷ𺧵ĶɵıӰȻղѾչ˳ԽȴƷоɵѾʼɢϢ
ͻȻɻͷƷ缸ƵĿǳߣ뿪
峤Ʒһ㶣ͻȻɱԽѾվ
ɣƷٴǼҧ˸Ứ
ݺݵģתƷѾڰɭֵ֮ȥ
ߣղһһΪͻءԽĶɣŭ
ɳصĴŴŭԽѾ㹻ˣ
Ȼ䣬һ𶯣ƬҶҷɣ棬һ㵭Ľ⣬˫ȭս
Խüͷ΢壺ȼʥֵ𣿡
Ҳ汳˵ֵ𣿡
˵꣬ɽ˫ȭŭ
ݵһٶʵ̫ˣֻɿһɫ⣬գ۱Խǰ
ɣ
ɱһͳ˫ȭԽ
ʥ۷弶ǿߵʥȼʵԽҲǲСӡ
ȻɵĶѾﵽԽʵΣźľǣԽķӦٶȻɵķӦٶǿࡣ
ԣȭͷδԽԽȴѾ༱ٵ˿
ʢŭȫôƴ֮ƣһȭ˿ˣɾֱӽԽײ˹ȥ
Խ󾪣͵Ƴ˫ƣɵӡ
飡
һ죬е˲ǿĳѿԽ˫ƻǹƿİײ
ʹһǼѣҡű
ߣȡʱ䣬С𣿡Խмĸֶ
ɸԽ£ŭ˫ȭǷĳ˹
ӣ
ԽһվԭزɵĹƶѱԽȫˡ
һ̣ǿȭͷҪʱԽ͵ƫư벽Ȼǰ͵ȥ
ģԽеɲ
˵֮ʱԽ߹һĨݵЦ⡣
ݵһһ磬ΪһֻȭͷһǿӲȭͷڳ̫ˣ˷ٶȡ
һ̣ȭͷѾɵĸС
͵أһ˫ʹıͻѾȫĶסˣڷǵϵʧšǿŵúܴ󣬲ϵĵѪ
Խ̽ɵĶߣܣһΣңһΣһˡ
͵أջȭͷ彩ӲɣѾĵȥ
Խע۵ڵϺϢɣһƣΪҵļƻԲˡ
˵꣬һƣѾȥ
䣡
һը֮죬һƵĻУѾǣֻһ׵ľ޿ӣԱɵ
漴Խ֣ӣô𣿡


50 
ţϵţƴţƷѾû˺·
ʱʱƷѾ֪Ѿˡ
ʹƷ޺޵߬ȭͷ⣬ȫΪԼ
ԣΪ˲ɵΪ˽ҴԽĿƷҪӳħצϣ
ṦӳƷıٶȣںڰУϵĴš
ͻȻ֮еƷɫ䣬ԼѾһޱǿϢסˡ
ã
Ʒ粻ٶȼӿٶȣƴС
ȻƷסϵϢϧԽʵʵ̫ǿˣƷ粻ΪԼԶԽ׷١
ԣѡӣǷǳȷġ
ৣ
ȵӰдԽţƷȫð亹Ȼжξ룬Ʒ綼ѲǹϢ׷١
ǹϢٶʵ̫ˡƺϷŪԼһ㣬оһ˲׷ȴľƷƷ缫ѹ
Ȼ䣬ƷһƬľʱ򣬾ɫУƷͻȻͣ
ΪǰѾû·ˣһƬ׵Ԩ
ԨԲǻþеĴڡ
û뵽Ʒܵ󣬻ߵ˾·ǹǿϢҲȫסƷ硣
ʱƷҲûߣҲû·ˡ
ɣƷĿʼƽˣĴ˰Ϭĳ֮ߣӭŷ紵Ʈĳ¶
ǰʲôǿߣʲôѣƷ綼ûо¹ڣƷľԶԼǿߣƷͬҲûо£һӡ
Ǻǣû·˰ɡԽƾն֡
ûҪӣƷޱĶͻȻֵԽ
ûӣ˵׼սԽĵƷ硣
֣ҪǲһսĻҸһϣûС
ˣеĽȻٺú̸һ̸ĻҲ㲻
ǺǣǲûȥһԼ˶ѵˣƷһЦ
Խ˫һƷ磬ѵĲ𣿡
Ʒ粻м˵ֺ£Ҷһˡ
ߣȷʵ£һĥҪʹࡣԽݺݵıƷ硣
ƷһҲ׵ģ֪õҪĶҸ㣬ҵģʹɱҵò㲻ɱҵĻҲԲ㣬;İɡ
ûѡ񣡡
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Ʒ͵һƺҪѿһ㣬ԵüΪʹࡣ
֮£ǿƷ绹սеĳݺݵĲ嵽˵ѵ֧ţ˫ŭԽ
Խ΢΢һ뵽Ʒ羹ǿԼѹ֮վţʵ̫ˡ
ɼ䣬ԽƷϵΪС
ţԽƷвԵ˵Ʒ磬ȷʵǲĲںĸǵ𣿡
Ʒһ͵سӣŭĺң
кβңԽҵƷ㣬ǵ
ȻƷǱ÷ǳŭݺݵ˵޳Сˣ־ͳ
ļûõģԸѡ޳ܡԽЦ㲻úúĻĸǿɾ͡
ԽҾ㣡ĸҪ˸ëҾԲŹ㣡ƷþͿҪʧȥ˰㡣
Źңҵ㻹ʲôʸвңԽмЦ
Ʒҧأߣ˵Ļ㻹ܵõʲôô
˵꣬Ʒ͵رһǿ
Խɫ䣬δӵзӦƷȴѳԨ֮С

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͵أԽŵɫĹâƷԨȥ
ԽѾﵽ񼶵ʵˣееġ
ܿ죬Խĸٳ֮£ǿҪ׷ϼ׹еƷˡ
ƷԽ·սǳµԽЦҾҲõеĶ
ԽǷŭƷٶȾǳĿ죬Խô䣬Ȼ֮һβСľ롣
͵أԽоһԨƺйɹʹԼеƷ׹ٶҲͽȻӿ졣
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ǣ׹еƷ磬ԽеŭȴǸʢ
ȻԽڿжͣסΣ׹еƷ磬ݺݵĻһâ
һ̣ƷѾȫʧȥģ׹Ѿȫ޷ƣΨһԸоľǣ֣֮ĳԼڶš
ݣ
һɫĽâֱӴƷӣѪ飬˿
ǣƷ粢ûʹĽг˸ˮԼĸ׵ݣŻԼĸףд磬峤ѩ˿ȵȡ
ȻƷЦˣʹʣƷܹ֮ܵѵÿɹ顣
ԣƷˣѪ֮УƷ羹չ˫֣ۣ޵׵Ԩ
ԽƷ˺ڰԨ֮УݺݵеĳţƷ磬ҲҪʬ壡
˵꣬ԽٵĻΪһ⣬Ͽз֮ȥ
Խȥãڼ׹еƷ磬·Ƭɫˮ̶
ͨһȫʧȥǵƷ磬ˮ̶֮С
ˮ̶ˮϿںɫģ棬ȴǹ峺ޱȡ
ʱˮ̶еƷ磬ƮƮӿʼȥһƬľʯϡ
ƷŵѪֱӱǾʯսȥˡ
ʱ䣬ǾʯҫһĲɫϼ⣬âֱӽƷסˡ


51 ׷ɱ
峿ƷѺѾʮˡ
ʮգƷˡ
ưȶδ˯Ѿ࣬òʧãҪžʧȥÿ뵽ڴˣưȶʧǡ
֨һԭ˷ưڵķţԼһɫǰ̾ȣʵҺһġ
ԣưȻתͷʹʵôȥȷ
þˣѾ뿪ˡԭص
ư͵һЦ𣿷뿪ˣ
ţԭʼڳˡ
ʲôưȼǵǡ
ԭε̾ϢһǷԼӳȥġﶼ˵ηǱӣ峤ѾǳΪʵˡ
ưһʣǷ𣿡
Ȼšԭشĺܿ϶
ǡ
ȱ˵ЩˣѾǹȥˡԭ˵ʲô֪Ҳֻкúȥ˽

Ҳڼµĵط˲⿿
ԭưУȴǱո΢һ¡
ʱ棬ŵĶҪλҲУΨһȱٵľ峤ˡ
ԽλϾ峤ڵĻĵλߡ
Խһԭ򸾹˵˵ɡ
˵˵ͷɫ֪࣬²򵥣ֵ̿Ѱλ¡
漴Խһۣ˵Ƕ֪˰ɡ
˵꣬ҲĬˡ
šԽ΢΢˵ͷЩߵĽŵƻ巸Ʒѱ˾ߡ
ưЩŵǿڵ֪Ʒ类˾ߵϢޱȵĸˣϸطݹ⡣
ǣưȴûиоԵüΪࡣ
ͻȻ˵οûôƻؾƷʵ򵥣ԽڼңԾǲڼ
Ҳˣ˾Ʒĺıˡ˵ʵ򵥣ԲŻ̵ƷһĹԽĳɫ
ߣ˵ΪΪβȥ֮Ϊ𣿡ԭ̲ס˵
ĳϣ侲Խ˫۽ԭ˵Ȼ֮ΪҲΪ棬ڳÿһ˶ɣ㻹Ʒġ
ԽĻȻû˵ȥҲ֪Խ˵ʲô˼ˡ
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ûʲô˼ֻ˳⣬ѡ
ʲô峤أԭֽе
˵峤Խɫ˸е̾ҷγ춯ʱ򣬱ȥ飬ڳɭ־һս峤µ彣Ҳ˵峤ˡ
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к֣Ʒ綼ڶ̶̼´ﵽʵ峤ҲΪ档
ϣ⻰ʲô˼
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ʲô֤ݣԭѾó嶯ˡ
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ңưĵģƷİȫԣưһֱųĬãƷǶǴֻҪƷӹеپѾˡ
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͵ظɱ
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˵꣬ռԭưȻ޳ɣȴҲκηɡ
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˵ЩʱԽȴǰЦߣСӣѾ˰ɡ
ⳡҪĻҲͽˣϢҲˡƷĻڼѾ׷ɱ

ʱ޾ԨУһƬˮ̶档
һƬˮ̶Ҳʲôں֮ɫһɫĹĻ
ѤĲʹ⣬Ǵˮ̶洫ˣ̶֮УпľʯʯҫǿҵĲʹ⣬ʹ֮УƷԡС
ǣڵƷ翴ȫһˣķʣΪĺϵƣ漣ĻָˣԵ÷ǳƽȥ˯һ㡣
þãƷ΢΢˫ۣſ˵ȴǹ๾ðˮݡ
Ʒ󾪣ŷԼӺܳأԭǱˮѹѹšֵľǣԼˮʱǿԺЩˮӰ첻Լ
ɣƷͷʹʼ˼
ûԼԨȻһɹȥʱԽֳԼϻ˼âԼˡ
ǣƷھȻ֣Լϸûκε˺ۣұϵķɫҪӵİʡ
⵽ô£ѵָˣƷɻ󣬳޷õ͡
УƷӾʯƮ¡
һھʯ֮ʱǰһĻƷѾȫıסˡ
ʲôʯֻ߱Щˮݸ£סˣΧҲǼľʯϸϸȥǼֱһʽ


52 
ôֶƷ粻ŵľ̾
ǰǰʽȫȷʵƷе𾪡
еϢ˽⣬УûַݹģʽƷ벻ףôԼԭƵĶѵиԼһ˴Խ
ȷʵԼѵ˾Ͳ
ƷʱһůܹпǰĶȷʵǺ˸еС
⸮ţǹرŵģƷ뵽ԼܹٴθԭҲԭ
ѵ滹ˣǴ˵еˣ
Ҳ룬ƷſΪԼõĽ͡
뵽Ʒ粻῿˸ţΧˮݣɼѾܾûд򿪹ˡ
źкöû򿪹ˣƷеɻ͸ˡ
ǣ˻ûˣòƷ綼⸮š
û취ˮĻƷܹƽĴˮ棬ҲѾˡ
ģƷһ־Ǵš
Ȼһ̣ƷһǸʱ͵ĳһǿҪԼɽȥ
Ʒһ֣һæָǿг˻
ȻʱƬʯھҵ𶯣ˮѣһܴܵˮݴѷֱð˳
Ʒһ𾪣ҡӣŲˡ
Ȼųд򿪣һǿҵĽɫâֱ˳
ǹâʵ̫ǿˣȫƷҰ۾ʹܵ˫ֵס⡣
͵أͻȻʱâ֮Уһǿٶȳ֡
ƷӸеһɾһȫܿƵƶ޷ıǹɾ˸档
һƷֱȥ֮󣬸͵¹رϣľǣЩܱߵˮȫûӿ档
ѽһƷʹƨŵء
ͻȻ䣬һϵƷĶߣϲ㣬˵ˣ㽫õһУ
ʲô
Ʒ绹ûӦ﷢ģԺİϢǿӿƷԺ档
ϧӿϢʵ̫ˣ켷Ʒ籾Ժ䡣ÿһϢӿ룬ƷҪ⵽̰ʹ࣬оҵʹ
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һ̣ͷۻ컨׹ƷѾȫֲʹҲʧȥ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãҲ֪ôģƷȴǾһʶ𽥵ĵõ˻ָ
ԺģƷ˫ۣͷʹȴоԼԺ棬Щ֪Ķ
Ұ𽥵ıϡ
ͻȻƷͫױͻǾĿԼ˫֮һָš
Ʒ亹ֱ˫۾ֵĽеԡԲⴳ룡ð£
˵꣬ãȻ˻Ӧ
ž壬Ʒ΢΢˫ۣϬĽ滹ǶԼü֮䡣
ʿˮϾڽ£Ʒ͵͵ĽŲţ벻ҪǽֱԼ
ƶУƷĶͷϲϵð亹˿ǰѽȴǳ׵ľסˡ
һɫĳڣ¾¡ľǣǰѽ˳µƯţ֮䣬ųһɼΪµĽ
˵һѾıǽһ㡣
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𽣣飬ΪǿݱӡҪô˽ԾѪô˽Ϊꡣ
ϢƷ޲Ҳ̫޳˰ɣǻûѡ
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УƷмһξѪǿɫӣҲ֪ģ͵ȥɡ
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УŶɫٵͷųӴĽƣƷһ㡣
ߣ뿼𣿡ƷĶŵ𽣡
ɣڵھһѵĳ˳صӡ
Ȼ󣬳ǽǰ𽣣صһ󲽣Ӳֻ̽ȥ
͵أƷһץסǽ𽣶Ȼ䲻ˡ
ˣƷϲ
ϧƷ绹ûӦһɿֲӿֱ֮Уֱ塣
Ʒ֣ǺҲˣǹɿֲѾȫ棬壬һŰʹƷ緢˻
Ʒȴǲ֪ǽŰ֮£ڸƷ壬ڵħԪӿϵѹΪ˾
ǣǿԸ죬ʵ̫ʹˣʹƷ־ᶨǿֲʹĥҲܡ
ڣ޲ÿóһѽȻݺݵĲؿڣҲȥʹĥˡ
ڣάãƷ˶Ѱ
ʱƷŵ𽣣һȵϢԼڡ
ǹϢǿµĽ˾úƷԸоԼǲƵУϢϴ֮£ͬõ˴ϴ
ָоĺƷҲ̲ס˿
һһµʹĥƷִδйĸоƺѾûʲôηˡƷ˵ʲôоûˡ
ϲģƷе𽣣ЦһѾ񽣰


53 ռ
Ʒ罫𽣱󣬷Ŵİ
ʵ棬޶ر𣬳˼ɫӣһС
ѵûˣ
ǽڵĴһľ
Ʒ翴֮󣬲һ̾Ķ
ԣȻûзˣ𸮵ҲƷԭеˣǶһõ֤
ǣƷȴǺɻ󣬴𽣾Ϳɵ֪˵ʵһǿΪλ뿪أѵлиµǿߣ
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ƷЩþδش𣬲ЦİɣûˣЩһ޷ٳˡ
ɫ̷ڻعϾ֮ǰƷ磬ϰЩεĸм𡭡𾴵ǿߣллǵС򡣡
ǺǣؿƷЦЦʣʲôط
ǽܿС򡣡ӹĻصͬеЩʿҲһ˶Ʒľ⡣
ǿߣﶼǻܵ𾴵ġ
ܿС򣿡Ʒ簵롣
ͻȻƷľָоϿһǿ
ɣƷ羯æǿЩ뿪
뿪Щħ޲ǳ岻𣿡ӲʣΪоƷɫĻš
ƷɫһͳĻص²ֻЩħô򵥣


57 ߽ħ
޳֣һ㶼޹ʳֻֿ֡ܣһħȺǨ㣬ħܵ˿µв
Ȼ֪Щħ˷񣬿϶ܵв
Ǵ뿪ɣҿȥƷĳЩʿ˵ϿзԾȥ
þãЩʿŷӦ뵽ʵҲǰﲻƷæֻʱ뿪ˡ
ǲûȥߵϿȵ±ߣǵϿһС
ʱƷѾ̤ľʯԽϿ֮С
ɼ棬ЩħǵıţԵüΪĲЩħޣƴҪȥƿס·ڣЩħֻε·ߡ
ƷԽɻϿȵʯ壬ɵϿȱߴţǽһƬһǿҲǲϵڽӽš
ǹɲǿƷľĸозǾ߱нʼʵЩħΪǹϢ˵ĿֻţҲֻһֿܣзֻǿħޣһǴ½ѵټ߽ħޡ
߽ħޣɲȵ׷ɱԼĽǿߣʱƷžѵƣԲſǿӦ
ڲͬΪػİΣƷóȥֹ߽ħޡʹʵƷ磬ҪԸ߽ħޣҲһս
ãΪ֮ǰ߽ħ޽ȵеĻƷҲǿЩʯԸ߽ħޡ
ɣƷѡһѵĵƣ𽣣ȴš
ʱڹȵбðЩΪ޳ƽˣĵķ
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ǸԶϿϵʱ򣬷ֹȵھʯסŷӦ㼤Ļ
̫ˣǶǽܿɫʿ򳤼˹ȥ
ȴ֪ЩʿȻࡣ
֮ǻɫ̷ӻͷ˵򳤣̫ΣˣЩ뿪ɡ
⡭ⲻǶû𣿡⡣
ǻɫ̷ӱ㽫Ʒ֮ʵ˵оָм
ɻ˻ûѡ뿪Ȼһİǿ߶ΪԼﻹѡʹ뿪
ԣɴҶϿһСϾϿлŶβСľ룬ǷĻҲû⡣
ͻȻһ죬ƬϿȶһ£ʯ䣬ȺŵøӿֻţҴܡ
ҲǱ׺һסˣǿɵǶµħް
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һ̣ΪţƷľ亹Ȼռ˵ƣԵħǿߣƷûİնԸ
𣡡
һһɿֲƣֱϿ֮У죬δ֪ľ𽥵ıƽš
ϿЩħޣʵģֱŵòſزЩȽǿħޣҲò˶٣ĳʯײƺǼӲʯײȻԶȥ
Ŀ꣬ʼӽˣƷս𽣣ɫԵôδйأȫͷ˳ȥҪ׼λãȻͻ׷ѹ
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ÿһÿһ죬ǽŲƵʺܴ󣬿ɼǾ޵ٶȷǱѰ
Ǿ޵ĽӽȺħޣʼϿȵмǰС
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Ʒ֪Ǿ޵ǿ󣬿ûһʯֻޡ
ԣܿ죬ƷǺܸɴĻƿʯ飬׷״Ӹ߿
飡
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Ͽ⣬ǿµĺǾĶǵţɼսж༤ң˶ʼԽӽŵĵ
㣬ʯûʮɸߣƷƣ۵ͣס˶
Ȼӵǿ࣬ĵҲǼģȥĻƷҲǻԲ
ȻƷи֮УǶľʯС
һһУһƬʯըķɽ˳
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пɲаǶǵذµ֣߽ħޣ¼ǿħޡ˵ʵǽʼǿ߶ԶԸ
ʱǶǵذƷĴڣһſھһŵĻ档
ʲôȻ𣡡
Ʒ羪סˣһţʯһߵķ򷴵˳ȥյĶܹŻ档
ǵذԵüΪŭſڲϵĳƷ֮Ż棬ƬϿбǻŸùȣܱߵħޣʹİ
𣡺𣡺𣡡
ǵذĹʵ̫ˣٶǼ죬Ʒ綼Щˡ
Ƕǵذ˲Ʒ磬ϧֲܷȥֱӴʯз޴Ӳ̤Щħ޵ӣͷϿմƷŻ棬𽥵Ͽȵȥ
Ʒǰ͹ƽʯ壬ϵȥǶǵذҪӹȵгȥʱȴǳ׵ľסˡ
ǾԲеģǵذϿȵܳȥĻģɲֹǽܿ򣬾ĳҲǻܵвԲΣƷ綼Ҫ뾡취ȥֹǶǵذ
ɣƷ¾ģ𽣣ƿţŶǵذͷ֮ŭı¡
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ƷһȴǱһͻȻĸţһƷȫ𣬼ٵĵɳȥݺݵһʯ֮С
Ƕǵذһóѣһ׷ȥ
ƷоѪǶǵذıٻͷŹȵеǹսǴɫһֻܶһˣǵذӲƴĻʤʵ̫ˡ
͵أƷһ壬ǶǵذǹȵĹսǴȥ


58 ߱
𣡡
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ľǣµЩħޣ㱻ǵذȵѪģ
ƷνСĴϿеĹսǴ˹ȥԵĽ˸߶ȡ
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ƷͻȻתĳʯϣݵעűסĶǵذߣοһô㣡
͵أƷ˫ǰһţμٵԾ˹ȥе𽣡
ǵذоΣƷĳƷ˴ڵĻ档

Ʒ˶ǵذԶ̹֡
ʱ䣬ȵĻϮƷٵĽ˵ˮڣ⡣
һ̫ͣˮɵıɢǱȵĻûɢһˮΡ
ƷҲûˮڿԵסǹɻƣǳǶݵʱٵĴӻ˳ֽһʯС
ǵذΪķŭ˫̤ŵ棬չ˫ۣߵʯڡ
飡
ǵذĹʵ̫ǿˣһצצĹ£˴Ƭʯ
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ڣǵذȵҲǲԶµĴƬʯּ˽ӽ
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Ʒ缴ƽذʱ͵زſʯԾ𣬼ٵӵ˶ǵذĺߡ
ƷȻǵذƻʯڵӻڿסţԼǷƷںĻҲǼŤתӡ
ʱƷѾ׼Ŀ꣬Ŷǵذıͦɴ̹ȥ
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ǶǵذƺԸʹ˷ŹƷ磬űƷ磬ſһŵĻ档
Ʒɫ䣬ҧƴ͵һֱӻ
䣡
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ƷǹȵӰȴǴʯƬдȥٵķԽʯ嶥ϡ
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Σ֮£ƷҲֻýϣУֺὣǰŭһǰͷ
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˸Ŵ󾪣ɼϿȵгƿһӴĻ棬ԿеӰڻг˳һȵľ
ģ˺۵Ʒ˵ϣŭǰ
Եһ֮ǰסȵľʯ˿һ޴ĻɫӰĽҪǹȵм
˿Ǿޣȫ

Уʲôã϶ǲɴģҲµġ
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Ʒ˫۽סĶǵذס˶ǵذزȻħڸƷֻܶħڶǵذزˡ
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û뵽˾Ȼһӣʵ̫£̫ˣ


59 ڰħʦ
飡
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Ͽ֮УҲ𽥵İһЩδħޣҲǴϿȵһ߷˻ȥ
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˵꣬˷׷׼ĻǿȵģֱϿеķӿȥ
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ЩһѪƷ磬׷𾴵Ĺ
ƷɲϲЩ֮֮ߵǰЦǺǣعˣǶɡ
𾴵ǿߣǽܿЩڻԶԶء򳤻ֵ̿ĻӦ
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Ʒһã˵η׷׵վȴ΢ŶƷľ⡣
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ƷһߣĳɫܸозԸԼв
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찡˭ɵģǿϷıһʹ˫ֲŸѾµĶǶ
ƷǶûڿǹŹߵһһ벻߾ǻǶǵذʬôȤ
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˵ǺڰħʦĻΨйħʦĿǡǰλɭᰣѾ˺ڰħʦ֮ǱŽʵʵڵ˵ǽʼǿϺڰħʦҲԶԸ
Ʒ֪ƺˣλ߹ĺڰħʦ㲻ҪħĻҪ
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һɭҲסˣû뵽Ʒ羹ͻȻ֡
ݣ
ȥƼ죬ȻӦκζĲһȴǿÿ¡
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Ľ棬̼ǰڣֱָɭᰵüġ
ɭɫ䣬ȻСƷˣ÷Ӧÿ죬͵Ծ˳ȥ
Ʒֱɢǰڣ١
ɭɫƷ˵нʵƾʵ޷ԸϷģɣ
˵꣬ɭѾ趯еľȣΧ˲䲼˺ڰϢԨ˲ľǿʼ
Ʒɫ࣬ͷЩɵŵǳ죡뿪
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˵꣬򳤲ɶɫɭᰣɢĿֲϢˣ뿪Ͽȡ
Ʒû˺֮ǣŵԽԽھһֵսĶ֣ǹս⡣


60 µĺڰħ
ңԶĺڰ֮ţҶһе⣬ͽǰƻĵˡ
ɬɭᰵĿĬš
̼䣬ƬϿʱ˲Ϊ˺ҹ
ǲǻþĴڣɭȴǹʧˡ
Ʒںڰ֮Уĸо˵ɭϢɫ࣬ĺ𽣡
ڰ֮ͫ
һɭٶԳ˳֣ա
Ʒ󾪣ӽȥȴǷ֣ԼƺȫıסˣԸоԼÿһ˿Ķš
ڰ֮ͫȫסһжʹ׿ҲҵߣϷ򶷣յɭƯƷǰԶ
ǾͿ˭죡Ʒɫϡ
ǣƷʩչµĶ˿ݣɭᰶɰԾ̾Ʒֿµ
ϧƷ绹δɭᰵǰɭͻȻеľȳƷķɨ˳ȥ
ģһ԰Ԫ۵ϮƷӡ
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Ʒ練ӦѵõĻᣬֱӴгƳһ׼Ĵɭᰵؿڡ
ݣ
һٶȼ죬Ʒ綼Ϊ㲻ɱɭᰣҲܸɭɳصĴ
ϧڽҪǺеؿ֮ʱ㵵Ʒ羹Ǻܹ԰˿ճ˹ȥ
һ̣ĿɭȴǹֵƷĲǰһƣźڹ⡣
Ѫ֮⣡
һһֻݵƳİƷ֮С
Ȼ䣬Ʒشһɾ֮ʹǱ˺ҧһ㣬ڵѪʧЩ
˳Ʒʹĵ˻ȥŭɫĽɭᰡ
ɭ᰺ĸŷȣƷЦǺǣû뵽㻹ħɱˣϷĺڰ֮ͫκһжϷ֮СңƤëħȫ˺ϷԱҫ֪
ƷһְؿڣЩʹ֪ǰλĺڰħʦȸղֻǵذҪӵѶԸ
ͬУħʦ뽣ʿϵսħʦҪսʤʿĻضҪֱһľ롣֮ʿҪսʤħʦضҪ뾡취ħʦħΧ
ǣɭᰵħѾﵽ˴ħʦмħȫ˲ԭƷ绹ӵžѵƣȴǱǹĺڰħˡ
ڣƷǳΣգȥڰ֮ͫԼĶƣֲ֪Ӻ
ɭ᰿ɲƷ˼ʱ䣬еķȣƷϷһڰ
Щڰ̫ǻʵΣգǱǺڰϮӣڰϢУǾˡ
ƷѾСĵȥЩڰˣÿζնܹʹƷ죬ûκνӽɭᰵĻᡣ
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Ʒп಻ѣǺڰĲϮ֮УԼоǱ˵һˣ㣬ϧƷҲκηĻᡣ
ͻȻƷһʯϵʱ򣬻һʯ飬Ʒ
ûϿȣϿ׶˵ĵطխС
뵽ڴˣƷڶɭᰵĹȴԵȥΧĵΡȻĴڰƷǿȫϿϿմж硣
ɭòֺеĻŷȣϵĳƷϼڰЦİɣΪƻϷΪٻޣԵӳЩϷúȥĥģԽϷͷ֮ޣ
ⲻ֪Ʒ粻ɲ壬ƴЦͷڶҶУ㻹ʸ˵Щ𣿡
ԣɭᰱ࣬趯ķԽԽڵİħӿ
ݣ
ĺڰԽԽ࣬ǺڰĿɫУɱ
Ʒɫһ͵һƬʯϣٵնһ
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ɭֱǾʯ䣬ԼħǿʵҲħһ˲ƿʯ
ԣɭֻܺǵѡӵһߡ
ƷȴǵЦأ
飡飡飡
һҵײ֮죬ʧȥЩڰĹƷĻӽԽӵķնһƬƬʯ䣬ҵùȵгɶѾʯ
ʯĴ䣬ɭĴ㡣ϾɭᰵٶҪ࣬жҲЩѡҪľǣɭһʯ£Լħʦ֮壬ᱻΪ⽴
ƷɭᰱԼסˣԽӵĺݣնϿߵʯ飬ķ׷׵䣬ûȷĹ
ţںڰ֮ͫħʧȥɭᰵĿƣǲƣħڽˣ١
ƷϲԽѸͣȴǲûзֹֻ֣֮նʯƷ磬ȴûע⵽ɭᰵӰѾʧˡ
ȻƷ缴ʯڵһʯʱɭɭӰȴͻȻƷǰ̽˳
Ʒɫ䣬δȫӦɭȴǽϵĺչһŨصĺͷ˳ȥ
һƷֱӱǺӿѹ
أƷ˫ƺûվȣȴִɭǳӦˣϷĺڰ֮ͫĶϷƿУΪ޴ЩСʯͷԶԸϷ򣡡
Ʒ󾪣͵תӣѭԴһն˹ȥ
ݣ
һȥһˣ˿ˡ
ٻͷƷ˫Ѿ¶˿־塣
ƣ
ɭһֳֻƷͷϿմ
ʲô
Ʒ󾪣Լ¾ǹӿһƬɫȻƷӸսסˣһʱ޷
ǣҪľǣЩסƷӵĺɫǻѪĶһ㣬ƷԸоЩɫԼϵʱľʹϵѪҺʼʧš
ţɭݵЦݳˣĵƣ֮ԽƣǾǿѪĥ㵽
ߣЩסңƷʹš
ȻǡɭҡҡͷɭɭЦϷиµĥء
ϱ̬Ʒ̲סǰޱյɭᰣɾëȻ


61 Ĵ
ƣǺڰħеĸ߼ħסˣȫڵѪҺʹ
˿̣еƷ֮ͬ׸
ΣЩʵ̫ιˣıƷӣӲ֮ʹƷ޴ʹ
Ʒɲʾʹ˷ЩǻѪƷȫֻʱ̹УһĻѪҺʧҪȻ˻ûӾѾΪһ߸ɱʬˡ
ɭƷƯţЦ˵ˣǲ̫ˣ
쵰ϱ̬ЩĵֶΣַſһսƷƿ
Ϊ߹ĺڰħʦԸ˵ʱǲҪԼԶֵġɭҡҡͷʣ˵ϷٻޣøʲôΪأ
ߣ㵽Ʒŭ졣
ɭᰲϸϸĴƷ磬հ˵ϷٻΣ
MDϱֲ̬ʲôħޣôΪٻޣƷŭ
ŶǲΪϷ˰ɡɭЦСģ˹죬ϷˣǶǵذҲҪǿء
Ʒɭǰյӣвɾ÷ϱ̬Ҫʲô
ûΪڰеˣԺͻԶңɭᰵЦ
ƨˣûţƷ糯ɭ˴ڵҺ
ɭûǡͻϮţŭڿɲ㣡㲻ôʹĻͺúϷ򣬲ȻϷ
ߣϱֱ̬ΣƷƴţͣ˹ħ˸׹⡣
ܼ䣬ЩɫµҲûôˡ
ɭᰲن£֪ƷƻƷѡ
漴ɭ᰺ֽľȼĬſɬΧɫٴαһƬڣɭֲϢʼ𽥵Ĺš
ģɭᰵӰʧˣƷԨ޾ĺڰ־ĸоϢʼƷͷ
ͷģҹƷѾʼڴ󺰴ˣڹ֮ƷѾʼе
ӣȻǱЩɫĲţȴȴͽ
ͻȻڰ֮Уһֱֻ֣ӰƷͷ֮
Ʒɫ䣬δӦһɾʹֱţоͷϾǱ˸ݺһ㣬ƷʹҽС
Ͽ֮⣬ۼ˴ƬˣϿкƵһĻ˺ѷεĲҽֱ֮˸е塣
ӦƷģǶܵģȴΪּսѾԶЩܲˡ

ƷҵĽƴķԺбһƬҡ
ţһɳƵ𣺡֮㽫ںڰΪʵĺڰ֮ӡңΪˣΪڰˣ㽫Զȡ˵б֮ģΥ֮⡭
ճɣƷϵкɫʧƷѾȫĹ
УһħγɣΧƷĵţէһƬɫĹâ
ͲһˣɭᰵĴӺڰԳӰĻɭ
ʱƷѾǰʶ״̬ˣȴһʶȴŬķš
ɭҪģȫƷʶȻƷȥעµʶ
͵أɭǿľѾʼƷľˡ
ǺڰħʦһرĹʽ鷨ʦ࣬Խ˵ľ磬о
ɭΪħʦľ磬۾ǿȣȴѾﵽʥʦˮƽ
ϧɭ᰻Ƿһһ֮һпܷļʣǾƷ紩Խˣ۾ǿȣƷѾ߱˷ʥˮƽ
ԣһĴ󣬼ʹƷûվĹеľ룬Ʒѹġ
ʱҲɭᰵľʶƷټľռ֮ʱȴסˣܾЩԾ
û뵽Ʒľռܴ󣬸ҲκεĹ޴֡ɭ᰾סˣĻֻһֿܣǾƷľǿԶԶԼĲΡ
Խ룬ԽǲԣɭǲʵľãƷᣬʵ뾫ĲҲô֡
ţɭ᰻ǾòԸʹ˷ȻоƷľǿԼоǹɾйԡܽƷľΪõĻɭᰵľҲõԽԵ
ԣ̰ģɭᰱһ
͵أɭǿľʼƷľռɢ˿ȥչ˾Ϯ
ʶУƷ統оһİ롣
Ʒһ漴ϲԴЦϼһﾹȻԼˣ
ȻƷ绹ʹþ񹥻ȴӴľǿѹ
͵ģҪƷ羫ռɭᰣͻȻܱѹһӴľ˵ǺϵľˣɭƬۣǾͻȻһҲͷˡ
ɭɫ䣬ǵ͹ˣ͹Ʒǿľ
̼䣬ɭľʶ㱻ƷӴľȫİΧסˣ޴ӡ
ɭ᰼ˣаûڲѣѾסˣֻ취ӳȥˡ
ϧƷ粻ɭκεĻᣬɭᰵľʶ㽫еľӿһռ侹ڲϵСɭᰵľʶѹΪһš
ʱɭ᰼Ҫˡ
ʶУɭĵĴУ󡭡ˣū飡˴ˣūһ
㣡ղŲǻĵ˵Ҫ𣿡ƷʶеЦ
ˣһˣūң󡭡˼£ԭū֪벻ΰɭ᰺ڰħʦȻҲд˵ʱ
ɭԽƷԽǲϷŹɭᰡ
Ȼ䣬ƷһӴľļѹֱӽɭᰵľʶˡ

һĲҽ֮޾ĺڰռɭᰵľʶѾȫɢˡ
ɷȻ䣬ƷɭĹڰħȻתһɹҪǿƷľռڡ
Ʒоİǿľѹǹɹ˻ȥ
ģһ죬Ͽ͵ҡһ£Ǻڰħбըˡ
Ȼ䣬ƬʯĴɽ˿Ź̳


62 ڰ
ڣϿٶȻָƽݲУĴһƬǽ塣
ʯ䣬ǱƷʯзܱǽһƬ
ϼһӦ˰ɡƷ絭ţղȷʵգɭͻȻı乥֮ĻƷ綼ܻվˡ
ƷѾȫƣڵѪҺʧ٣óЩĲѪҩģһµϾҲǶˣֻʱЩѪҩˡ
ͻȻһһƬʯ
Ʒһվӣս𽣡
ѭȥƷ㿴˴ǰǵɫӰ
͵أƷȥüɭᰵĲϣϼһԭ㻹ûñҶȻϵĽɾͲˡ
ɭƺȫûƷвеĴʯӣⲱŵ佣ޱĹˣʲô¿ΪЧͣ
ˣƷȫıסˣɭ᰾ϼһʲô
ˣūûиʲôˣɱūɭ᰺ԥĻص
Ʒһѵɭᰱɵˣ
ɣƷϸĴǰɭᰣϲܵشɾԽɻ󡣸ֵľǣɭ᰿ڿЦϣоΣԵϢ
ǣƷɭᰵĹħȻ˼ɭᰵĻʣΪλΪˡ
ūѾǩԼԺԶūˣūҲԶˡɭһҳϵӡ
ˣƷɻ󣬺Ȼһټ˹
û֮ǰƷ类֮ʱɭҪʩչڰħԼΪʵˡ
ϧɭȫ뵽Ʒľǿ󣬱ǶƷעµʶƷһȥֱӽɭᰵľĨˣǽԭеʶѹ˻ȥ
ԣԼǳɹˣΪ˵ȴƷ磬ɭᰡ
뵽ڴˣƷЦû뵽ԼһλµĺڰħʦΪԼˣⲻ˸ıˡ
ɣƷŷĵջ𽣣ƵĿǳɭ˵סԺûҵ˳֣򲻿ױ¶Լݣ𣿡
ūףūȫ˵Ļɭȫֱ³Ļ
׾ͺãԺҲˣүͿˡƷĵ
ǣүɭ᰹Ȼĵ˵ͷ
Ʒ翴ĻаˬܹշڰħʦСܣǶӵ鰡ɭһĺڰħԼԺҲżİ
ˣԺͿԸˡƷһӡ
ūġɭᰲɵĹͷ
ʱϿ֮⣬ѾۼһƬˡ
ڣϿһѾˣȴһľ֣ϾӸղĲҽǴƷ緢٣ǲΪʤĶƷ硣
ͻȻƺ˿ʼϿȵ߳
˾סˣǽţĲƷĻ˿ܶˡ
ŵգάֲã˾ϲļһ߳ˣȻƷ硣
ǣֿƷŵɭ֮ʱȴɫ䣬Īֵȥ
Ʒ糯ŵ΢΢һЦλһжѾûˣǿ԰ĵסˡ
⻰˻ǲ̫ţرǼɭޱվƷ󣬸оѺŷһ㡣
ʱ򳤻ֵ̿ߵƷǰɭᰣʣˣ桭û𣿡
ǺǣİɡƷЦЦɻͷɭᰣ˵Ѿշˡ
շ
һŵĵɴ˫ۡ
շʱʲôǿǴ½пµĺڰħʦȻƷշˣô룬Ҳ벻ȥ
ˣЩ˭ɭͻȻʡ
ǺǣҵѡƷ絭һЦ
˾ŷɥĺڰħʦɭ᰾˳ƺƷ磬ǶӰ嶼ɵסˣ̫˸е𾪣̫˸еˡ
ʵƷҲѽֻͣԼ̫˵ѡ
ʱǰ㵵飬Ʒ粻εЦʣˣ򳤣ͻȻҾöЩˣɷ񡭡
򳤾ӦЦ졢죬ǽȥһúдˡ
ǾллˡƷмĵ
ǧǽܿĴء򳤼ĺ
Ҳϲɫǿǿ߰û뵽ССĽܿ뵽ǿͣ޲е
漴Ʒɭᰱǵ黶ӭУʽ̤˽ܿ
ɫɭᰣǻľıһľ롣
ڣڽܿ۶̫ԶƷ±˷֣ҲԸڴ˵ض
ԣƷ߽ܿ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ȻǶŬƷ磬Ʒ绹Ǿܾǵ⡣ϾƷⱻЩɱֵַĻЩǻܵġ
ֱҹƷɭᰣһһͣܿˡ
һ·Ʒ֮á

֮ڽܿϿͻȻӰλɷӣϰ麬һɿµɱλ˲õְҵɱ֡
ﾭһҵĴ򶷣нʼϵǿսڽܿӦҲּǿ߰ɡһλӳ
˼ǣһλʡ
ţȵʰɣֳôĶﲻû˲֪ӵ
漴λӣųصĽŲ߽˽ܿ
עڽܿֲаˡ


ڶ Ӷ֮·


63 Ӷ֮
Ӷǣڴ½ΨһϽĳС
ӶΪô½ӴһӶǿƣ۹Ҳǲȥǡ۹ȴ뾡취Ӷ
ϧӶиĵĹӶ̩ɭ䡣κӶòκι£⵽Ӷ˵ɱ
νӶ򵥵˵ǽܹȻõһıꡣ
Ӷ࣬ΣյĻðյѰ񡣵Ĵ׳̶ȣӶֿȼȼҲǹ涨Խܸѵ
Ӷ干ģӶŵĵȼǿΪFEDCBAS
SӶʵǿģ۹šӶУֻSӶţΪӶšӶԭӶţSӶţʥǿиơ
ΣӶ֮⣬ΪӶΪҪһط
ǾӶᡣ
ӶᣬҲʹݽĵطӶС룬ӶǿӶ̩ɭʼʵ
ԣӶħͽʿᣬô½󹤻ᣬ鼰½
Ӷ֮ǣӶۼ㣬κγǾ֮أҲͳ֮
ӶᣬһΪֵĵطݽ˼࣬Ӷر˸ƹݡһǷЩӶݽ񣬶ǿΪ;۵ӶϢվ㡣
ӶҲǵȼġ
⿴ȥӶṲ㽨衣
һ㣬Ҳ䲼ǱȽϵͼģǾ;ƹݣΪ֣ӣҲ൱һЩӶۼĵط
ڶ㣬Ǹ߼ң䲼ڸ߼BӶŲſȥ
㣬ӶȥĵطΪ䲼񣬶Sһ㲻ѰԶ߱ɱʥħʲôģͨӶţԶԶûﵽʸ
ԣӶϵĲξӶŵݡ
ʱһ¥У֣ЩȾƳ̸ӶЩӶźˬӣ֣˵ʱҲ޼ɵ
ޣ˿С㣬㿴ָˡһֿһλĴ³һȺ߽˹̨Ǵ³ȴֱſ˹̨У΢΢֮⣬ɫŹ̨һλòŮӡ
òŮ˿ǣķǴ׷
˿ӶѾˣЩӶۻ֮ԣҲϰˣ㵭ĶǴ³˵ųǺˡ
ޣûѵĺܡرõЦ˵˿С㣬˵㶼ŶưȥȺȾΣ˵ǲǣ
عе֮󣬲ɸŴ壬б÷
˿ǵԵúƽԲҲȾơ
֮󣬶ʱû£ԣһȴͻȻ˹λλÿһ¡
ѭȥȴǷ̨֣ӭ߽һλտɫµĻɫŮӡ
ŮӿȥԼĪʮ¡䲻˿ǰķȴͤͤϾţ͸һഺõϢÿɰ崿ˣֱҡ
λˣ
ЩӶо˫۶ȻɫЦ
ŮӣȴֱӴȺм˽ȴǸ߽λ꣬϶ųЩʿʵӶɸеġ
ЩëͷСӵǴĸӶģʵ߽Ӷﲻö
ɫһŮӼһֲֻɴŮӵļЦСãʿΪЧ𣿡
Ů£һʹ˦Ĵ֣۽еķԱ𣿡
CӶŵųؾŪԼݡ
УԭǷԱŮӸем࿴أתͷ˿ЦʣãķԱ𣿡
˿ЦЦѺõĻصţǵģʲô¿ΪЧ𣿡
ǺǣǾͶˡŮһϲЦעӶݵġ
עӶţ
˾סˣҲʵ̫Ϸ绰ˣԭΪŮڱӶģû뵽עӶݵġ
Ӧ˺ôЦŮʵ̫ˡ
ŮŵЦʣЦʲô𣿡
˿ɵ£ֺϸĵ˵ԲҪעӶĻǰҪˡ
ˣŮӾ£ͷЩòײżŽλֹ꣬ŵĻǻһˡ
ʱһλɫ̷ǰʵȣˣ
עӶŵĻҪˣںòײšŮӲʵ̾Ϣš
ҿעӶž˰ɣǻӶŰɡͻȻЦŲ
ŮӲɱأĵĵУǻӶʲôô
ôȻСشŴǻӶſǰ;ģǸǻӶžܹԺסã
ãһߵҵĻ¾͸ոصЩ㹻ɱһٴˡ
ŮƺûصĻߵ㲻CӶŶѣ˵ʲôôأ⻹Ϊƭˡ
㡭شŭ
ʲô㣬˵Ķʵб¾϶ȥһʲôòġŮӺĻص
غʱܹսȭͷΪҲҴŮӣ
˵꣬λ굱Χ˹Ȼ塣
ŮӸǱĵĴе򰡣б¾ʹ򰡣һӶŵųǳִһŮӣԺôˣ
û뵽Ůӵ˵ڳ˷׷ָ㣬ûðɣֲ֣ݺݵĵãݣǵɣ
Ⱦ͵ȣ˭˭ŮҲһǻȱܳӶᡣ
λ굣Ůӵİȫ˳ȥͷβƺûȥ¹˭
һϷԵ־磬Ҳˣŭؼص˾ԴȣʲôǾû֪ˡ
ʱŮѾߵǣλ꼱ĸ˳
ȣ׼ȥģɫ̷ʵ
ǻһˣȻȥ˰ŮӺȻĻص
ˣһڸӶŵˣ˭ȥδעӶأһλԵúĵ
˵ھҪȥҰŮ˵ֱ꣬ȥ
λúΣȻ֪ϣ󣬵ΪŮӣֻܼȥ
߲ԶŮͻȻͣס˽Ų˫۾Ķǰ
ȣôˣλǰ
ŮӼЦҵʵĿˣһֹһء


64 Ӷ
ʮյߣƷɭһһͣӶǡ
˱Ƚϵ͵ͨһ·Ҳûע⡣
Ӷȷʵ֣ϾӶľۼ㣬ҲǱȽϷġ
߼ƷȴǷλòŮԼŮӵȷʵ׼ԼƷ粻ѵԼ绹ǻעĿ
ǺãŮǰ㳯Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ԭŮԶԶȥƷĴװͨû뵽ǰһƷ磬ÿһ˿δеʡ
Ʒ֣ǰòŮӣŶλ꽣ʿʣǣ
ԣŮӲ˫ۣЦҽпȣܸʶ㡣
ţҽƷ磬ܸʶ㡣ƷֻܵǰԼ֡
Ʒ磿Ͽ湻ر𡣡һЦ
ƷεЦЦƺһ˿λ꽣ʿʣǣ
ǶҵѡȻص
ţλ꽣ʿվǰ
ãҽпǿȵĸ硣һλɫ̷׳ܵ
ҽ׿ˡһλɫ
Ħ˹һλѪɫԵñȽϳ䡣
˽ܣƷѾǵʵ˽⡣ǼУʵߣ߱˽ʦʵ׿Ħ˹Щֻи߼ʿʵŮӿƷԵЩˡ
ΪƷĸоڵˮԪرȽϻԾѾﵽ˸߼ħʦ۷徳ˣͻƾ粻ֻһ֮ңѡ
ͬʱҲڰԴƷʵ
ƷʵҪԶǿǣǸоƷϢƷŵλߣʵͿûô򵥡
ԣҲƷ˸ĶۡǾƷӦǸӵܳӦˡ
ƷߣʵƷ֣λǣ
ǺǣɭҵˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ȻˣǲɶƷ簵ԸеģԭƷһʵûС
漴ﲻɳȴյʣȣ㲻ҪǸɣ
ǰ𣿡֮Աǣ˵Ǵոģô
СƷȴһʣǻʲô𣿡
һ㶣ͷƷЦģҪԼ齨һӶţϲǼǵӶš
ޡ԰ƷܸɴĴӦˣССӶţٹע⣬ҲƷ֮⡣
ƷĴӦˣ϶ЦˣǳƷֻͷӶܣ̫ˣ̾ȥעᣡ
סˣ׿Ħ˹￴ȾǹȻƷ֣ǻðɡ
˱׷ȥ
ˣ
ͣӶſڣŷ֣ԼȻסƷ֡
ټȾһɿ֣ɫͨ죬ԼСԵһǣİءƷһԼĴڣںɵվӶſš
ֱţȥˣ
˵꣬ȱܽӶᡣ
Ʒ£ź̤˽ȥ
һӶ棬Ϊ֣˼˿췵أȻסˣ׷ȥ
漴Ǹ߽Ӷʱ˲
ֱߵ̨ǰ˿ЦǺǣˣЩӶŵĳԱ˰ɣ
ǺǣˣͰעᣬԵƬ̡˿ǿĻЦ
ؼˣŭһŭߵ˿ǵǰ
Ϊ֮ǰƷɭᰶûģر㳯ƷвƵ˵СӣԺ鷳ĻͼǻӶţ
û뵽ؾǹȻˣҪƷȴûȤˡ
һ㶣֮ǰȴ̼ԼҲˣû뵽ǰλųҲԼ͵һֳסƷСӣ԰ѸղŵĻ˵һ飡
أע⣡Ӷᣡ˿Ƿŭˡ
ⲻ֪ؾǺᣬвƷ磬˵
Ʒſ֣Ȼ鷳
Цв𣿡صĻ˵꣬һֻƱ˹˸ŵĺڹ⡣
һҽУ˾ǵ˳ȥѪֱ
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еЩҲǾסˣǷŭҪƷǿľѹ˹ȥ
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Щ˱һ˵أֵ뿪Ӷᡣ
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ҪעѰȿ
˵ҵĻƺȫļҲʣˣô
˿ǿǼεıߺ죬ЦǺǣûϵģǿȽһѹţԺ֮׬ǮȻͿԻˡ
ǡǺðɡĴӻ˸ҡ
˼ˣȻЦ˱ĽеûǮעʲôӶţ
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ɬĽӹңȻٵݸ˿ǡ
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65 
Ӷǣ֮ʹ½һƬɭ֡ħɭ֡
ħɭ֣Խ۹۹߾Ψһϲʥ޵ĵطҲؾľۼءͬʱҲǼΪΣյһطʱпΣյĸ߽ħޡ
ȥĵطħɭ֡
û취ڳĻ඼ɱħõħڵħҪĻݵĵطǽħɭ֡
·ϣɻʣƷ磬ôˣ
ҲɻԴӶ֮űر֮ʱΪƷȴʧˡ
Ʒ絭һЦʱ뿪ˡ
⻰ǲ¶֮ɫԭΪƷǿ˵ıӶвмֵھȻƷ˶뿪ˣڵƷھǷˡ
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ԣǱѡһյĵطȡŪʳ
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ҽмӭͷλ߼ʿУһ˴ȴƿѪԵڵءһ˫ۣѪһʹĽš
һĻȫľסˡǸ͸оǴӺζԷʲôˣʹõʲôȫȻ֪˲߼ʿ
¶ʧȥ£𳤽ŭ׷Ҫǣ
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̫ˣδ뵽رҲݾǸע᲻ò۵Ӷоǲ˿µħ֣˷Ӧ
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漴ƷǱܵȻʧУ¶ֻɵƷǵȥ
󡭡ˣŹǰɣߡֵŹɭɭᰣ¶Ŀʼеˡ
ϧɭֻȫΪƷˣûж˼룬ֻƷµ˵ܵ¶ʲôһжͽ޹ġ
漴ɭֿʼĬŹѶΧĺڰϢԽӵŨû취ںҹ֮УڰԪؾΪԾʱɭᰵʵҲٶеõ
¶Ǿ֣ʱǹɭϢоƮħصζţ޴ӡ
䣬壬Ѫָڰһ棬˵ͷ
ȷʵһɿԼ˵һЩ˶ƷˣץŻųնɭᰡ
ǣ˻δɭ᰿ͻȻƣ
𣡡
һ𣬾ɭᰵǰһɫĳЩ޴Ľʿ
飡
ЩʿδüУ㱻ǺɫûˣҲըһӡ
¶ػܱЩǣ֪꣬ҲӲˣŭһȫŶĿĶ֮⣬ִߣɱɭᰡ
ɭ᰿ľȹת˼죬һɺڹէӿ˵¶ء
˶ȻһֳеӣͻȻó࣬ٶȼļɭֻǶ̶׵ľ룬ȴһƺ޷Խĺṵ
һ̣ɭһħγɣƣ
䣬¶ؾǾֵĿõȫ£ǱһɫĲסӣһɾʹټȫʹ˿С
ˣڳˣҲǷ׷ױЩɫסӣ޷ֻȥǹİʹࡣ
ܿɱģǵûƷôãڿµĺڰħ֮£ǽǿ߱סҲͬҪɾѪʹ
ֱһ̣ǲźڣڲȥƷ磬ȥССӶš
ɭᰣ˿̾а֮趯ǹȵķȣϵǿƵ


69 
Դɭᰵĳ֣¶ǵĻѾǳΪעˡʶɭᰵĿֲħ֮󣬿ǿɲΪɭᰶԸЩӶ
ԴӰȫ뿪֮󣬿ҲûмˣҵƽߡΪǵУ޷ɭǿµħ
ʱƷ磬ֻĬĬĸϡ
ͻȻƷȻһţͣ£
˾£ͷɻƷ硣
ƷεĵҸоֵֹģжһֱڸһ

ﲻɾԴӼʶƷ糬ǿĸ֪ǿɲȥСƷĻˡ
˱㿪ʼΧһţƷ綼Χм䣬ų˫ۻܱߵĶ
ϧãȻûʲô֡
׿Եòͷĵ˵Ʒ磬ò˻˰ɡ
Ҫ˵ĻϢҿԸоġƷĻص
ߣ˵˿֪˾߱㣬αӵô࣬㻹ΪûءĦ˹ﲻֹš
ˣ㻹вҰ̲סĽе
Ħ˹ﱻ˵öٸвȣҡ
꣡˵ж߱ƽͻȻĦ˹Ļء
ԣ˵ʮֵľ񣬲ΧĶ
OO@@
УʼˣһصĽŲ³ĴϢ
ʱ䣬ձüѹ֣ߣӦǸħޣǿǵһԣŵдĺ棬ʵеħ޻ж£
˵ƷɾԵ÷ǳ򶨵ģµħޣûѾȫвƷ硣Ʒľֻ֪̽ƽħޣӦֻĽħޣڿ˵㹻һвˡ
ʵƷ벻ףҪûԼĴڣ¿Ƕ֪Ҫٱˡ
ͻȻһзԾһ֮ĺӰ
Сģ
ﾪչ˺˼
һһֻ׸ߵ׺ħޱ˿ǵǰ
ǹȫɫɫĶ˸ŵĽ⣬гŷ״΢޴ִ֫һ֪Եħޡ
𱪣ħޣϵħޣٶȼޱȣΪʲôƷӦĻĽħϢأ
ԭǰ𱪣ǳڵ𱪣ԼʹĽħޣҲǿﵽħ޵ʵԿ˵ʵѶԸûƷĴڣصøصĴۡ
ϾǻǵһħսԵЩеĽյҲûôˣľĶǰ׶
ȸ˵𱪳˰ӣɫʱòҰס
󡭡磬ô죿׿˾ֵʡ
ȡȱҶǴһҪȶǵĻ˵һ˹̴ɢһΧǱȽ侲ƶ˳սƻʵҲǼΪŵġ
ô죿Ħ˹ﵣǵŵöĿȡ
ҡû⡣ȹǿĵȻ־塣
ﵣǵſȣתͷƷ磬Ⱦͽˣһа취ġ
ţİɡƷĻصǴһΡ
ԭĦ˹ﻹ˵ʲôģѾԥˡ
ʱǰصĴϢţ֮ûֵԭʱΪƺᵽһòϢ
飡飡
صĲɣӽſǣвϵĵŶĵҺ壬ɼļˡܼıҲǺܿµġ
ףףס
кϢԽԽƽˡ
ɣǶ߬˳ȫ¿ʼŶʱ̶׼չ
ĿȣŵöˣĪľƷǰ˿ƺԴƷϸоһɿɿİȫУеη徹Ǽࡣ
Ʒ粻΢΢ɫеĿȣЦЦҲſ˹ȥһǿľ˽ȥſǴ顣
ʱŵ˵ˣǹӦ˵Ļ׼˵һȻͰԭƻһ𣿡
šĦ˹صĵ˵ͷʱѾݲκεЦ⡣
һ̣ǰǹҪƽΣվʱ򣬿͵ıɱ
͵ģյĦ˹׿˵߿ɢȥȫͷţŭճȫְ׹⡣
ݵһеĳǿҵɫâͻϮݺݵһն˹ȥ
һ𱪱ܾٵ˿ȥǺɵĶ˿ȫһ
ȥ֮ʱĦ˹׿Ѿ𱪻ӽΧ˹ȥ
ѽ
ŭһԾףٴﵽ𱪵ͬʱһŭնȥ
ݣ
ĽХ֮̿ɼİɫ¹Ϯ𱪵ϱ˵Ħ˹׿ϵúܺãĳ빥λöǸոպá
ȴǺһ㣬Ǿûע⵽𱪵Ųм߼ʿʵѣж
ۼҪն֮ʱ
һ£𱪵ӰȴǹĴԭʧˡ
СģƷ羪
ϧĦ˹˸ȫӦֻ֪Լһ˿գ㵣ٵĴӰ׹䡣
һ̣𱪾ͻȻԾ˵Ͽգֻ׳צӾҪ˵ϲ̤ȥ

һֹ֪ˣлǷŭĻӽֱȥ
ȿĻֵ͸žȫĽӲסˡ
ȻޱȾն־һ̣Ʒ͵һʯͷ
ʯͷ죬ڳ˰𱪶ȫӦ׼𱪵С
һһѪټ𱪵б˳ǿʯͷһӱе֮С
𣡡
𱪳ʹĿһץȫʧȥģ׼¡Ǿ޴ӻûƿĦ˹˵ϿգҲͻпҪҳ⽴
ʱ򣬷ŭĿѳŭһǿĶ֮⣬ŭȫһ𱪵ͷնȥ
޾𱪻ǸоΣյϢǿдڿ͵ŤתȥһȴǺźն𱪿ıϡ
飡
ʹĺһϾѪ֮壬ܿסѾ߱˽ʦʵĿŭȫһһܿ𱪵ı˺ѿһ̵ѪڣѪӿ˳󴦷ȥ
Ħ˹׿գµ価ſɫЩˡ
ţŭɫĿڵأսϲϵĵѪ
ʱشҲٶȷӣѪʣһŶӣޱȷŭſǡ


70 
û뵽ܴ֮𱪣ǱصԽԽǿ
Ʒо𱪵ı仯ƺƷ綼׼ҪˡϾȻɭᰶԸЩӶûʲô⣬ҲûôʱٸϹ
ʱ𱪣бԽӲ
ĳ˹׿ˣ죬ᣬһϣ
šӦͷԵôδйء
͵أ̹⣬ӽŭȥĦ˹׿˲ͬϡ
ˣǹƣ˲ס𱪡
ݣ
ѷĽĽ⣬Χն𱪵ӡ
ȻһֲƵһƬˣȻÿ˵Ӷݵĳٻ
ţǿݵΣ缫һȥҡһڣȳĦ˹ķײ˹ȥ
˹Сģﾪû뵽𱪵ٶȾ֮졣
Ħ˹ӭϾӰ֣ʧ֮Уճĵǰ
һĦ˹ȫһѪڣѪӱײ˳ȥˤƷǵĲԶ
ƷĦ˹ģ˲أֶ޶øУϷ˵Ʒ飬ҪǿĻЩĥǱҪġ
ţѾһߣͬʱҲ߽˿˵İΧơ
ת׿ѾһĬĵ˵ͷֱɱڵĳȥ
̽­ſھ죬оٵĻ㼯ſľС
УȻ󾪣ã
˵꣬𱪵ľ֮УһӴ쫷ж̼γɣһ磬Ź̳Ϯ
˵ֹסƣеĳնȥƿ˷ӿɢǿֲ˻ǱƵ˲ϵš
𣡡
𱪴һ̤ŷˣͳգ۱Ҫ˵ǰ
ݵһһʯͷݺݵĴ𱪵ϡ
һ𱪾ǳʹõ˻ȥ֫ݺݵץС
͵ģ𱪾ǳʯͷķŭȥƷ뾪ĿȾսվ
𱪴ŭǰצݵһץ˵ɰͻȻ͵ĳƷ뿨ȡ
ȻӴĺӰȾǺµıƷؿڡ
￴ĻһͳȥҪ˺ķεĴһȣ
ϧ־£޷ȥֹⳡֵܳı硣
Ʒ侲ĶŸǵӰμһɿµɱ˳ȥеĿҲǹĴ˸սƷ׼һӲʯͷ׼Ҫˡ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ǾƷĦ˹ǳǱܵĵӣһƷǵڷ򼱳ȥ

Ħ˹һǿ׳ӾֱӽƷ뿨ȸײˣԼȴ𱪣ųŭͦһϿպݺݵĴ˹ȥ
𱪸ûнһʹ㣬һҲԶԶ˺Լ
ϧȴһ˸ȫĺˣǾǱ˳ײһߵƷ磬Ϊ˿ʯͷڵȫ
͵ģƷһžп𰲵ϸſŤתһȦ
ӵŤת֮Уעһ̣ƷѾݺݽеʯ鳯Ϸ˳ȥ
һʯӵĴ𱪵Ƥ⣬ǿؿ֮УһѪѪƿ
𣡡
ͷʹ˻ʱȻڰаӵѾȫʧȥƽ⡣Ħ˹̳һȴǸպ𱪵Уֱƺ
ͨһ̳Ҳвˣһ̲ĵĦ˹¡
ʱеĿҲɲסΣ¶ǲŵ顣˵ǿǣĦ˹ﱾҲŵȫӲסˣ־Ž𱪵ͷ­Ѫεζ䡣
ˣ𱪾Ȼɱˣ
þã˲ŷӦ
ﳯŻڴеĦ˹ϲ޵˹̫ˣ
Ħ˹ž˹ֱǰǿ޿׸һ
ݵģĦ˹ｫ𱪿пеĳ˳žһ𱪵ֻͷ­ĵĦ˹ﻹ̲סŭɱӣ
ȷŻͷȥıɱˣ˿
˹һţħ޶ˣϲǰĦ˹ļ򣬵ֲĲͷɫƽƷ磬ҪǸղ˹ĻֲȶѾΣˡ
˵ãһ˵ȣĦ˹о쳣ŭ
ͷĦ˹ﳯƷСӣղôȵģ㲻֪㺦𣿡
Ʒû˵ֻڱųĬϸĹ۲ĻƷɫϸоκεĿ־塣Ҫһˣ͵ľޣ¸ղѶŵſˡ
ƷԽǲ˵Ħ˹Խ̶˵˰ɣ˰ɣŮӶˣŶӣ˶٣Ʒŵıĵϻнֱߵϣ
ô˵ĲӭĻҿߡƷ絭ĻӦϴʧתʰȥ
㡭Ħ˹ÿ˵ˡ
һĦ˹ĵ˹磬˵Ҳ̫ˣ
ҹ֣Ħ˹Ǻ죬ŭҪǹ֣С綼ûˣ
ߣҪΣյʱҵģȶ˶ţ׷Ʒȥ
ΪŲţεһĻҲ֪οڣжڸղƷ޶ԵıҲȷʵеΪ
ɣǰ۲µϵȥ𱪡ע⵽ؿ۵Ѫڣ¶죬ô˵ģ
Կ𱪵Ľ־飬Ըо𱪵ǿᣬԲĦ˹ڵʵܴ𱪵ķѪڿһ׼Ĵؿڣ־׼ȣﶼڳû˭
֮ﲻ˫Ʒ罥ȥıӰϳ価žɫ룺ѵ
ûֻܻƷ磬һƷ˲ڣֱųǣĦ˹𱪵ĵطδ
ʱĦ˹ţÿȴһӣɻʣ磬ʲôأȿɸСȥˣҪȥ
ˣȥɡ΢΢ҡͷŵµ˵ħ޵ʬʬˣħó
ţĦ˹£ʵſȵȥȻ⿨˼ҲûʲôֻǱһӵ


71 ľ
žУӰһǰһš
Ʒɫƽ۶ߣĽں
ȻƷͣתžסĿȣ˵㻹ҪҵʲôʱΣգ㻹ǻȥɡ
ҲСŮ졣
ȥɣﲻǺܰȫƷεҡҡͷ
űȽϰȫ
Ϊʲôô˵
ԼĸоֵǶһŶӵģ˭ߣ
Ǻǣ㲻סƷЦЦ
Ҳʲôף֪ղ˹ĻЩ֣Ҳ̫˶ѣԲŻô˵㣡Ƚ͵
ԭҾҲʺϺһ𡣡Ʒ絭ĻӦתǰС
ʱʲôԭ˵ŲӸȥ
Ʒûлش𣬱ֳĬڴߡ
ʱ־¶ɵʯˮԭϪ
Ʒ֪ȻǱ󲻸ĵĸţϪߴеƽ̹ʯ飬Ʒ翪ʼߵʯϥ¡
ȻƷܰı˫ۣһʵЦ⡣
һоƷϷһı仯Īһ
ţɫ΢죬ɴƷԱ£Ŀ˹ȥ
ϧеƷֱһ㣬һ㷴ӦûС
̲סˣеι˵仰в
ꡫܰ𣿡Ʒ絭ĻӦ
һ䲻ӣΧǻˮİ
Ʒƺо˿ȵ˼ʣѵð𣿡
ȻáҪ׳һ۹ˡ
ƷЦЦδйڣ֮ԸоﲻΪĲûа
һ㶣ƷĻƺһ㣬ʣôſɰ
ľ򾲡ƷȻ
ľ򾲣ɻУ룬һӵƷ硣
ɣȾѧƷӣϥı˫ۡ
ڿȸձ˫۵ʱƷȴǻ˫ۣۿȣЦǺǣȥˮǲǾú
ššͷϹЦݡ
ܺã״̬ȻİȵдƷ
Ȼ󣬿˿о˶ȫķ֪ţȴǽİ
ʱƣԵøӵ⣬ƺһ㡣Ӧ΢縧ԼգϸǶˮһеһУƺƺָܰоǳ
ɣȵԺ֮УǴƷǳЩζˮ顣
ȵľ֪ͷ˳ȥǾȵĿԼܱߣǾۼһƬɫˮԪأ趯ţΧԼζ
ǺǣʵЩħԪأҲľ顣ֻһζȥΪǿħԶ޷ȥЩħԪؾ顣
ħԪľ飿ȾţٸӦЩˮԪصζȷʵԸоЩˮĴڡ
ɣȾϲЦЦƺȫڽЩˮԪУһ˵оúЩνˮҲƺѾȫʧˡ
ЩԾˮԪأƺо˿ȵϣǻĻſȵ趯ǴˮԪأ糱ˮһ㣬ӿ˿ȵڣ𽥵תΪħ
Ҳ֪˶ã𽥵˹
˫ۣǰһƬû뵽ɫȻôˡȴһĿԶ˲о˾ı仯
Ȼ󣬲̽һڵħȱ㾪ϲĿҪιȥˣΪԼڵħԭȲ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱ
ǺǣоΣƷЦʡ
һѭſǰƷ硣
͵أȾһֳסƷֱۣϲĽеƷ磬ҺͻˣҪΪħʿˣģ˵ģȴģ
ųţƷֱоǶ˸ɫƵľ
ƯŶ˫쳯ƷʣԼĻǱģ
ĸر͸ҵġƷص˵ĸףƷﻹͦԼĸˡ
ҲưɡȳƷʧ񣬾ǿнƷֱ۵Ū˳
Ʒ翴ſȾȻÿȲ̫˵ѣҲû⡣
û뵽ȾǺܵ˳ȻĽԼУҫƵĳƷЦ㿴ҴͦƯİɣ
Ʒһץס˿ȵ֣ĵιⶫĸ׸ҵģɱ⡣
ߣôģ͸ҲˡĵƷ硣
Ʒɼˣرģ뵽⣬Ʒ;ɫͨ죬УⶫҺҪģˡ
ҿɲܣŮӵĶ𣿡ĵ
ƷᣬԼģôһת־ͱ˼ҵأ
ʱһһִУһϤͻȻ˹ȿȡԭⰡ
һ㶣ǿʱɫͨ죬ƷҲϽֹͣ뿨ƺܵĶ
硭εĵ
š˵ͷſȵʱܸоһҹ䷢˱仯һ㣬仯ˣ˵ʣȣô㡭
ϲõо˰ɣͻˣѾħʿˣ
ħʿһ𾪣ֺϰԵƷ磬Ǹ˵Ʒ֣֮£Ǹˡ
û¡Ʒ絭һЦ
һŵĿȣȻһĳƷʣƷ֣ҿ㵥̸̸𣿡
Ʒ£ƺ֪˼Ӧţԡ
ʲôҪǵſ˵ҲҪȿɲԸˡ
ҡҡͷĵȣĻҺƷûʲôģ뿪һϣ˹ҲģȥǱ߰ɣǴٹȥ
ޡȻӦֻĬĬȥ߼ͷֵǵĵ磬»һҪƷġ
š˵ͷŷȥ
ȿȥ֮󣬿ɫ˲תΪ䣬˫۽Ʒ硣


72 𺧳֣ϣ
㵽˭ﶢƷֱӱʡ
Ʒ絭
ԭڼˣﾪסˣڼڴ½п׹
ûѾˡ
ʲô˼
ûʲô˼֮ҵĸ˽֪ҶûκεĶͿˡ
֪ûʲô⡣ﲻʣʹõǺڰħûɣ벻ףΪλڰ˻һԴ˳ֶԸЩӶ֮ҾͿʼúܵģû㡣
ûȷʵҵˣշˡİɣԼ߱κε˼룬˵ҲûĸڰĻһ𡣡ƷʵĽ͵
Ʒһĳ⣬ҲûɣƷ羹ǿշǿĺڰħʦԼˣɾ̫𺧣־ʣĻҸ벻ֻͨǸճССӶţΪλѡǣƾʵSӶŶû⡣
ҲǣǾڻܻ𣿡Ʒûش𿨽Ļ
һ㶣ûûĻҲǶѾˣлл㡣
ؿƷ絭Ȼÿ˵ĶԼܣһӶҲԼԭ򣬶ҸҪǣһŶӣαȥ˴˼أ
Ŷӣ˫۽Ʒ磬ĴЦԣûһŶӡ
Ǻǣ׾ͺáƷ΢΢һЦ
ֵʵ綼ˣ֮һδôңӦòǵðɡ˵֮ӽħɭ֣ܹЩӶ׷٣Ħ˹ܹһɱ𱪣Щɺϰɣ
׾ͿɣҡƷ絭أҲҲûô򵥣ҲʣһʱҲԻˣЩ²ӦֱʣҲӦֱӻش𡣡
һľǰƷǿԿ͸˰㣬ÿﶼۿƷ磬֪̾ģãҺҲκ˺ȡȻ㵽һˣ㲻˺ȣϣߵʱܹúñ
ţȷʵǸŮƷ˵ͷ
ЦЦ˵ͻȻдһϤĲҽȻȵĺ
ɫȻ䣺ȣ
͵һתѭԴпٵĳȥ
һΣ¹֮ǣƷҲûٱʵھ˫żɣ΢΢أ缫ӰٵĴУһӾͰѿԶԶں
ĿݾԼ˶ȫܣٶѾǹˡƷٶȸ죬һǸӦκεôƴȫϡֹܹѸݵԿֻ֪ܾƷӦʥǿߡ
תۼ䣬ƷѾӵ˿֮ݵһܼзɴ˳
أƷ㾪㵵ĿǰȻֻ޴𱪰ΧסˣЩ𱪿ɲͬ͸Ӿ޴ȫڳڵģʵȴﵽħ޵ʵöԸ
ţƷּԶµĦ˹ؿѿһ̵˿ڣɫ԰׵ĵڵϣѪӿÿˮϵħȥĦ˹˿ڡ
ȼƷϲĵ̫ˣƷ磡ˣ
Ʒ磬Ħ˹Ժ˫ۣȴϲɫԽӵĸо
šƷ絭ĵ˵ͷ˫Щ𱪣μһɿµͷ˳ȥ
Щ𱪸еĪη壬ǵͺź˰벽ԥС
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͵ģƷһǰȥ˫ְסֻ𱪵¸һǿֲĽǱصӸ

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74 
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ǿɶɵסˣƷѾչֹǿ似ϵħѵĦ˹̵˿ڻиõĴ
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Ҫ𽣵ԭ˿Ʒ羹ޱȵĲ˵϶ᱻĸ̫̣ˡ
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76 һѪ
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Ʒޱ飬ʰϵĽңͻȻֶңӵǵĽ£Ȼһʮңȥ˾Ϳֱˣ
˾סˣδ˾ԼҲǾסˣƷҲʵ̫ˡ
̲סˣǰߵ㵵ĿǰһǿݺݵҧһڣȻڿȵһ¡
ȾһŷӦŭŲᣬֲҳ
һ飬Цǻ֪ѪӶŵɣǡ
û˵꣬һ⼫
һץ־Ƕһ룬һɵѪ˳ء
ᾪĵɴ˲ŵ˫ۣ˺þòŷӦʹ࣬ڵʹ˻ţɫ԰ס
ǱŴˣܵȥ
һ̣ƷѾ𽣣䵭ĵҪõõõĶǲеġ
ҲǾסˣղһʵ̫ˣûܿһôֵģͼֱնһ롣
Ǽͬ鱻ն֣Ȼŭ٣֪Ѷˣÿ˶˴ĸ顣
ৣ
Ƿ׷װγŭƷ磬ɱڡ
ƷȻ壬΢΢ͷпĵ˿ɣҾͿˡ
СӣѾҪûˣһһĺ⣬գ۱Ʒؿڡ
Ʒ粻첻Ļӽؿǰ

һ죬һǴƷǽϣ˳֮Ʒ籤ݰΡȻ
˴󾪣ճֱնȥƷ졣
ݵһ˵һûȫնƷһѾȥ
飡
һ죬һκܳƣսдһ֮ʹһǿķ֮ҡɫĺ˺ü
˾סˣȫȻǰĻġ
˸˵ޱ𾪣ƷϸоκεĶ֮ǹǿеĴڡ
ɣ˿ʼԥˣ֪ǰеô򵥣˼ˣȥҲҪˡ
˶٣˻£Ѳȴߣ뿪
ȻǺܷŭ˵ĻҲǲҲҲ֪Ʒʵûô򵥣Ƿǣֻܱϵùˡ
ϧƷȻô׷Źǣţͬǿ뿪𣿡
һŭѾҪʧһˣ㻹
Ʒ粻ЩڲסˣЩҪˣ£Ȼߣ
⣬͵һ漴ɱǹɱ׼Ҫ֣׷ٶȰγŭƷ磬ж
Ʒһ㶣ԽɻѵЩôҪҪˣ


77 Թѵ
Խӵ⣬Ʒ;Ǽܵ˲򵥡ҿ׶ӣһҲʲôˣ˵˷ӡò˷Ӻͦģֺ˵㣬˻ūʲôġ
ЩҲƷΪУΪġ
漴ƷȻĳɱǵ˵ôû´ĻЩӦö˰ɣѵӶҲУ
ܣ˳ĵСӣܸǲѪӶӵĻһȥԻһǧң
һǧң
ƷһȻһǧҶƷ˵࣬û뵽ǾЩˣƷ͸Ӻˡ
ƷˣֵԣڱÿһǵЩʲôˣȻ˼ֵ
ҲǼΪŭû뵽ѪӶΪǮƾȻ˶ӵ¡˵Ļǿǿ뵽ӦҪץȥūġ
һ٣ٶϵ˲û뵽Ʒ绹ҪѾʧһֵܣҲԸһǧңϣʿɶֹȻҳʵǿ󣬵ǲѪӶҲô۸ģ
ǺǣȻЩôмֵԼȥĻǶҸкôƷյĵ
˲ȻŭӽŭֵϣǶɱˣ
ȻһɺڹӿеͻȻһ֡
ţһӰĳֵƷǰֳŷȣɢһɿֲϢ
ûɭᰡɭһֵʱ򣬾Ͷ˵ڰħ
ڰһֺյħȻʲô˺ȴӵĿ¡˵Ķö仺ͬ⵽ħݣ˺ڰ˾Σˡ
ƷĵôҪҪЩˣ
˴ŭŭߣǿǸܴĴ۲ŵõģΪǻλֵΣжȥ
ǺǣǾͲ˼ˣЩҪˡƷһЦ漴ֶɭĵɭɣ㱣ǡ
šɭ᰹ĵͷ˵ɫǰ
ƷսȻѾǻˣǲϧֻá
δ˵꣬һӹƷѾӽȥ
˵һκأٶȻ϶Բࡣ
תۼ䣬ɫƷѾȳ嵽˵ǰһȴӿȥһǿ
һȫ⣬ǿг𳤽ǰ
һ
һ棬ȫſڴѪ˫ŵ滬̳ס
ƷŹżһ㣬֮ƣǰһ
ɫ䣬ֵĶƷϮһ
ۼһҪ˵ţ߳⣬Ϭĳл
Ʒɫһ͵һƽֱ״һƣػһƣԾ𣬶ȥ˵ļл
ΪƷˣ׷ճ˫͵ŵ棬Ŷķհĳ𣬼ٱƷ硣
·ʦֳȥϿմһй⡣
һ̣ƷֱǱΧˣܱ֮Ϯ
ǼĻǵĵɴӣޱȵļ١
ԭΪƷҪ޵⵽صĴ˵ҲǸǿʦĸ֣ؾǽǿ߶Զȥ
Ʒ粻ͬӵб⽣ʵµľǿò˼Ĺ
ݣ
ȥ˴󾪣Ʒ߰˹ȥڰŤתӣڿӯĲӣЩй⾡˿ա
һ̣جεĿʼǾǲ˼ĿƷȫڿеһϵеĶ
ǿһԾﵽ˸߶ȣԲķ裬ʹʥǿߣҲҪͷһĶ
ǣƷ˹죬ȫڿߡ˵ǣǶ׵ľסˣϢ
Ȼǰһ˿յӣǿûƷǰΪǵڿʼ׹䡣Ҳ׹УǽȻתͷһĻ
һ̣Ʒ羹תӣǣϺޱ飬ᡣ
ţƷĻֱۣһһƾնӿ
ħ
ûкȴ𺳵ľţӲŴ˿ڣһѾǵϡ

һҽУȫȼնʹĲҽţţӿ׹
˼ֵɢ
ͨһеӰأڵع
ţͻȻĮƷƮȻ䣬ս
˫۳죬ŭ쵰Ҫɱ㣡
͵ģȫٶȳźɫǿ⣬ճɱȥ
ϧʱ򣬳嶯˵Ĵ
ΪƷѾȫס˵жĽʲôʱ򵽣λԶƷƿС
ʵ̫ˡ
ԣƷ綯ûţͬǰ֪ˡ
ݣ
еĳ׺⣬ֱȡƷؿڡ
һ̣ƷЦˣЦô䡣
ݣ
ͬǽƷĽƵĸ죬λø׼Ҳǵԡ
磬ռ䶨ƺۿĿ⾹ڰûƫֱߵĹ켣

ѽĽ⾹ޱȾ׼һɺ𣿲ӦƷһʵ̫ˡ
ݾ˸ǿΪֲĶѪӱͻսʹһǿֱؿڡ
һ˿ٴѪеĳ֮ǱΪˣȴֱӵ˳ȥǱء
Ʒһս𽣣Ȼ˵ȥķ
ԭʣƷչˣȴǱƷ˫סˣŵȫнȴֲǰ
ƷЩˣǰЩ˱ŵòˡ
ֱڱȼʹڵشλӲԶһ̷̧׼ǵ̾һ㡣
ʱֻ۰Ͱ͵ţ޷ȥֹƷĶΪƷչֳʵѾ׵׵ĽǸˡ
ħ˫ޣǿʵЩܶԸ


78 

ҵĽλӻڻʹ಻ѡ
Ʒǰŵ˿
ȻƷУǿٵ۳һˮš
ˮųεʱ˶𾪵Ĳˡ֮ǰĻϵħڵˮϵħȫ˵ħԣƷȴܹĽڵħ־⣬ֻҪħʦħʦſ
ڣһĻ½Ļ棬е˵һһλô似ôǿӡ
𺧣һ̳𺧻𺧡
Ǹ˵֮ǰƷչʾϵħڿǵϵˡ½һħʦҲ͸պʩչϵħҲԶûƷᡣ

жھ̾Ϣ˶ƺڿƷˣҲȫ˷
漴ǲŵ۹֮£Ʒ羹ǽ۳ľ޴ˮţǵʹλӡ
˻˻
ˮλϣ˲˻棬ð˹̡
ʱǣڵõ˽ѣǿ־ŲӣڵأϵѾòˡ
˵ȴɵסˣԭΪƷɱ֣û뵽Ȼǡ
Ʒɲʲôرϲɱ˵ˣֻҪʮ֣ƷҲ˺ĵġ
ɣƷֵˣηŹǣϣ´Ρ
ǡǡ˿־ĵͷڵ˵ʲôܱסͲˡ
šƷ΢΢ͷˣǿԴǵˣ
˵˶Ӧ߹ȥЩ˵ˡڶһ㣬Ѹ롣
ܿ죬ǱʧƷǵҰ
ǣȴһɫУǰƷƺԽԽİˡ
ɣƷͷЦǺǣûˡ
šɵ㶰ĵͷ
̲סƷ磬ȥЩʲôˡ
šƷ粻ЩڲסӰ˹ȥ
ҲǺ棬˹ȥΨɭʯľȺƷ
ЩڲסˣҲƺƷǵıƽš
ź棬ƷᲽǰܻĽЩڲ˺ƿˡ
̣ںڲȥ֮ʱƷǶɳԾĵɴ˫ۡ
Ϊǲǡˡ
ЩˡƶŮӣޱȣӽСŽ͸ϸϸر۵Ķ䣬һö֮ǾˣǿԾɫŮֱ˾̾
֮£òȶԵЩȻʧɫ
ЩˡǴжħɭľ顣ѹˣ˻⣬ԭЩѵһľ顣
λŮƺƷǷǳ־壬ŵöˣΪȫסȫǿԱ˰ڲ
ɣƷЦͻȻЦʣǺǣӦòץǵ˰ɡ
λŮ£ǰƷİòȷʵץԼˣ㲻ɻӦ΢΢ͷ
ţǾˣǲغ£ɾžǡƷ͵
漴Ʒ˳ЩŮΪƷҪ˺Լ
ৼһƬĽЩŮ綼ŵý˫ۡ
ʱһƽһη˫֮ʱԼӾȻԶˡ
лл㡣һλŮӼĸл
һ㶣ȸǾԭǻ˵
ǺǣȻǾŮѺõЦҽǾʹߣλҵˣݡ
˵꣬λŮҲѺõĵͷһЦ
ǺǣҽƷ硣ƷҲѺõĴк
ҽпȡ
ȵĸ硣
׿ˡ
Ħ˹
ҲǸһһܵû뵽ǰѼľ龹վǵǰж༤
ܸʶЩѡϵĸм
ҲǡƷȻһЦ
ʱɭȴͻȻǰƷ
ټƺеǵоɭϵĺڰϢֵ˺˼ֱžƷɭᰡ
ߣڰˣɭᰣϧɭƺʲô֪վŲ
Ʒһ㶣͵ģλշˣѾûˣȫںڰˡ
շ
Ƕ£ȻǱƷ˵Ļסˣշڰˣûдﵽһǿʵշ
ҲǣƷǾȻܹЩ˵оԼзǷƷҪҪԼĻʵǾûģûҪƭ
뵽ڴˣǷŷ˾裬һǸĵԲ̫嶯ˣ¡
Ǻǣû¡Ʒ΢΢һЦѵˣﲢǺܰȫǻǻȥɡ
ǰٱЩ˸ץȥˡĸŵ
ţллˡһĸж
漴תȥȴֻͷεĵ˼ǰһæ𣿡
ţƷһ㶣Ȼԣ˵ɡ
ʹɫ˵Ϊ񣬸ھ崫Ϣû뵽ڷ;ЩĵϮͬеĻ鲻Ҷ˴λȥռ࣬δܽϢȥǻǻȥ
⵱Ȼû⣡Ӧñ˭졣
ƷҡҡͷЦİɣǵİȫͰˡ
̫ˣĺܸлǣϣܹǾ壬Ůһлǵġĵ
ǣȵ˫Ƕһɫ
ȻǾǣǾĴæȻҪúøлһ¡Ц⡣
̫ˣҲǿԼྫˣھͳɣȿĵ˶ˡ
ƷҲúܿģҲιľ壬оҲǲ
ǵĴ£ƷǼ̤ɭֵ


79 ʥ
ҹУĳݻĴԺ
ĵƹ⣬һ鷿վһˣǱţԿò
˵ȴ˿ɫվһˡǣڵԵüΪǱ
ߣϢҺò׵õģǾȻС¶ãҹǣԵüŭ
һֵ̿ˣҲ֪鷳
ͣ˵˭ȥˡ
һעӶţĻص
ʲôһעӶͣ񲻶Ƿʼŭˡ
ǡǵģ˵Ӷŵģλħ˫޵ĸ֣˾ֵĻص
ħ˫ޣ˾סˣƭ˵İϷҲ̫˰ɣ˲ôίһ۵Ӷ
ˣǧȷǿɶҪȻŪôǱ˼æɫĲҲǸͷ
ߣô˵ӶžЩŹˣһҪ˳ĵ
϶ҪǲѪӶʧô֣һҪ˺ݺݵĵ
š˵˵ͷˣǿˡ
ߣ£ĿˣǲѪӶʧأ㿴ûйҲпͣǲӦá
Ҫǰɣ˵ʼˡ
˿ɲ֪ԽӼæǡǣ鷳ܸһĳͣǲѪӶһΪЧ
ǺǣעⲻЦˣǺЦΪǸͿʱѾɱ
Ǿллˣ˸мӦ
Ȼ˵ĻŸ˵꣬͵ӽһӰһϹ⡣
˵һûӦǵϹѴǰӹ
˼
˵ͷ­׷׵Ѫʬ׽ӽأÿͷ­ϵȴǿ־ĵɴ˫ۡ
ţһӳֵ鷿УųϻմȾѪ
ߣҲҸҪǮһ漴ӵҲҪЩˣ¾ͽɡ
ǣӳûκһ˿顣
š˵ͷĮѵסЩǾҪģӶЩˣͲҪлˣ𣿡
ףӼ
ţˣа취ġ˶ƺΡ
ӹһ񣬹ݵӰһ磬ʧ鷿֮С

ʱֹһ졣
û뵽ħɭ־֮ƷѾһ·ˡ
ħɭɲƽĵط޼ࡣƷľǿҪЩΣյħޣѡߡ
ԣÿһΣƷ綼ôߡһ·ûʲôΣգЩʵħޣǽǿǵְӡ
ö֮û뵽һħȻˡ
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ǺǣǰƷ絭һЦѾȫɭֵĴ
ϾɭֵʱЩ׶ħޣʥ޶пܣƷüȵСġ
ȼƷԼƺ䵭Եòģֹźߵôˣ
ǺǣûУΣ֪ǵСĵ㣬òҪ˵Ʒĵ
˵ԣơ˵ɴܵȥˡ
ɣƷߵԣЦʣʹߣ㿴Ƕһ·ˣôûʥأ
ǺǣͿˣǰ΢΢һЦ
šƷ˵ͷǱȽϰȫˣֱ߰ɡ
ȿƷ뿨̸ֱܵţﰵţƷ磡ɫ˼ұƯͲˣߣ
ţѽһȽ¾ǱˣֱԵ
ȣ
һƷתȥ
뿨ȽϽ˿ȡ
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߾УСĵ㡣ƷεЦЦȴǲֹţûǵĪ·ڸҪŻ
Ϊȵ׸磬ȶƷߣЦ⿨أȻƽʱ񳤲ĺһôƤںˣŻĳ
ʱϲ˹ĵ̫ˣҸӦ˵Ϣˣ
ţƷ羪£ͷ˳ȥȷʵǷ˺üǿϢڿٵıƽ
ৣ
ܱ֣żӰԸоǼϢǲƶ˾סˣֻܱԭز
ͻȻ
ݵһһֱƷǡ
һٶȼ죬Ҳ˾׼ƺûн⣬ǿ
ƷɫһӰһӣ͵̽һ֡
һ£Ʒԭ˸תȴ˸ͷľʼ֧
ţƷ糯ż֧ķŭߣ˲£α͵͵
ǰƷϵͷ֧ϲǷ״磡
ףƷɻ
һݵĵ״Ǿʥ֣ļǾģ
ޡƷֱĵ۹⣬ȻʥֻҪ͵͵ġ
ȻеǼӰڴ˳
λ飬Ծ飬ҪŮԾЩϱŹֵľû
һЩİľ飬Ȼסˡ
ЩƺƷǲѺãĶƷǡ
ԶЩ࣡мλӽŵĽеرǼӵźڰϢɭᰣѾʼɱˡ
ʲôɶھǸɾ𣿡ƷӦжߡ
ˣæ״磡ᣡǾǣ
ţЩסˣ˵ľҲʥְˡ
Ʒĵ˵û״ʱ˵оǱˣ
˵ţƷ罫еͷ֧ݺݵӵ˵ϡƷɲЩʲô壬ֻҪŪԼˬԼҲô
һʣӵģ
𣿡
ֽӵģ
ţ𣿡Ʒ絭Ȼ
ȴ𾪵ĴԼļûܵƾ־ͿɽסģοǰסԼˣһͨͨ࣡


80 ˫ͷ
װƷʵˣɭᰵϣŭԭҲǺڰˣǺڰһİɡ
Ѳ۾⣿ʲôڰ𣿡Ʒ粻õı۰ס
أһָɭᰡ
ҵԼˣκ˼롣Ʒ絭Ȼ
ԣԵøӵľȣֲʵĵǲô˵ҲںڰˣǾΪ޵ģ
ڰҲзֺ˻ˣ뷨̫ƫǾ岻ӭǵĻ߾ǡƷУֻǴĻͿʹǻϻģ
㡭뵽Լȷʵԣɫ졣
ˣæȰ״磬ǾǵĻԶزˡ
š׵˵ͷʣǴأ
һ˵ˣɫ
׼õǣ˵
Ϊ˱ǣѾˡһʹĻصˮ
ߣײ߬ȭͷŭɶ࣡
ιιι㵱ǲڵİ̲ס
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Ǻǣÿһ嶼ԼڵìܣѵǾûУƷĵĵھ屾ҲǾİɣΪֻʹޣ
һ㶣Ǳ˵ˣ࣬ǲ֪η
״磬ȱ˵ˣһҪȥŮЩǾĶˣҲǵĿˣ׸ôġ˵
š׵˵ͷ˫ۻǲĵƷ硣
Ʒͷ˦һȥŲʲôˣֻҪԼģƷҲܿġԼģƷҲӵġ
Ϊ뾫ػ·̣Ȼܷɾ衣
·ϣаǸǰʱ̶ȳŹСĵĸں档
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״磬ҿǻƷĻƿ߰ɣǻһͨ𣿡ȰϾһ·ǿǼʶƷǿĸ֪Ȼ綼һ鷳ˡ
ĵôǱߣߵĻкһ·أﻹҪΣգ
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ԣƷĵˣԼ£ʲôûѣ
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ɣƷѾЩСʯ顣ԴӽħɭƷжʱ׼Щʯ飬ԱԸЩħޡ
ţԽƽħ޵طҲЩԾˡ
ͣ׺Ȼ
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һ죬һ֧Ϯ
һһʹĺУ֧Ǿ׼ǵĸڵء
ڿǵģһֻϳͷ­ĹʻΣгξ޴ͨ尵֮ɫľǣͷ­һɫģһǻɫġ
˫ͷħޣ˼壬˫ͷ߱ħߣǿ󣬱⽣ʵħͷ­ҲʹǵħзϵħöԸ
ڣ˷˫ͷĸԶȴǳ׵ŭ
ǰµĹԵЩη壬׵ƵĿǵǣɢ
׵Ļû˵꣬һ˫ͷǻɫͷ­㳯һ泤

״һ͵һϵĹֳǷ˫ͷϼһ
һΣеǿͷ­ĲʹǷ˫ͷ˰벽˵׵ļȷʵΣ»
ϧľǣ̶ֳȵĹԷ˫ͷ첻Ĵ
ݣ
ΧλӣǷ˫ͷϧǷ˫ͷٶȼ죬ȻûС
Ǵһߣüǵǡ֮ƷȴǸվһߣƷҲû֡
Ʒ磬㲻𣿡Щǵʡ
ǳԵٿһ¡Ʒ˵ô˵Ŀ⻹ŷ˫ͷÿһ
Ƿ˫ͷȷʵͣһ棬һڰķУðǶļΪǱһ㷴֮ûС
׼Ƿŭ䶢ŷ˫ͷͷ­˫ӹһ⣬ýݵӰԾϣ׼˷˫ͷǿŻɫͷ­Ĺɿˡ
ݣ
һɣٵĵ˳ȥŷ˫ͷǿŻɫͷ­
ˣ״ϲ
ۼҪǿŻɫͷ­ʱǷ˫ͷǷӦ˹ͷ˦һߣŲ
һ̣˫ͷѾ׵֮һ޴Ļš
ɫ䣬ԸԭΪȫĿ꣬û뵽Ǳ˫ͷ㿪ˡһʱУ׾ûзӦ˶ܣǻűֱ
һǴ״磡
ۼǻžҪ򰢷ϵʱһӲʯͷȥ˰վ֦ϡ
ȵһ֦˲䱻۶ϣ׳ɹ԰͵źϣ̼ȼһ
ͨһ׵ڵأҲˤ˰ףŭһٴγŷ˫ͷǿŻɫͷ­мһ
ݣ
һޱȣĿҲȫı
ݣ
һһȴǰѰ׸סˣΪеƾճֵһӲﾹȻԼٶȣ׼Ļ˰ԭҪĿꡣ
һӲﻹȻǿŻɫͷ­ţѪ
𣡡
˫ͷʹ˻һ޴Ӳĳ£ɹ԰󷭵
һ˿ˣ˵ϡ
ͷ׾ֵɫĮƷ磬Ͽ˲ŵ𺧡


81 ħ
ʲô
ѾȫˣҲȫɵˡ
һʣһͷ­ķ˫ͷٶȷΪԼΪ׵ԭ򣬿һţһķϮ
״󾪣Ҫ֣֮£ܹз˫ͷĻҲⲻϮ
ִİ׻ѡȥƴ˲˹
ⲻ֪֧δƷһſ£
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򣬰ըװƱܵѡͻȻ͵ſ
ݣ
ķУỮŷȥƷ硣
һ̣˲ס˺ķϮƷӡ
ۼǷоҪϮƷ֮ʱƷת˸һֺɨڶ˹ȥ
ݵһһķгΣƷз
飡
෴ķǰײ˲䱬ը˿
һ̣Ʒһתŷ˫ͷ
ͻģסʯͷŷ˫ͷھݺݵ˳ȥ
ݣݣ
һʯ飬绮ƿգ˴ƽеĹ켣
飡
Щǿʯ飬Ժ˷˫ͷһͷ­У̼㱻Ϊ⽬
ͨһ˫ͷڵأϾ˼£äͷӬĻҳ
Ʒ˫һţڰлһĻߣųԾ˻ҳŵķ˫ͷ
һֱն£˲仮˷˫ͷӣѪһħɳıƷץС
˿ĻѾȫľˣħޣƷо˲һȻƷʱ˼ɣ⼼Ҳʵ̫ˡ
𺧣𺧣ڰ˵ȴһ̵ĴȻ֪Ʒú͵Ϯ˫ͷȻ׼ȣȫԽԼļ
ɣƷתᰢǷӣֱߵǵǰеħ˹ȥ
ȽסˣȴסˣԼġ
ӦŶӵġƷһЦ
֮жȸ䱦ĽС
ʱɫеİײߵƷǰʣ㡭㵽õʲô
Ʒûش𣬶ЦЦֵϼ˿ʯͷЦǺǣõΰʥ֡
һƷŵֻǿʯͷٶˣδһ鼸ĴɼͨʯͷȻܹһͷħޣǴ½У㹻½ˡ
ɫȻδйĴǶƷ裬Ѿ޸оˡ
Ʒɲ˷ʱ䣬䵭ĵӦÿԼ˰ɣӭǵĻڻԻȥ
һҧ˼á
󣬰׾ǹĹƷ˼ԸΪԼ֮ǰµĴǸ
һرͬеЩӣû뵽һִİ׾ǻ˵Ǹ
ƷҲǴΪһڰҲǴиĹۣЦǺǣؿ˶зʱ򣬾ǾҲһˡ
ɣǾһỶӭЩѵġѵÿĵ
ǺǣҲιǾʥأĪҰƷ絹Ҳúܿˡ
һ⣬һϲƷ֮ìܣ˶ˡ
ƷչֳǿʵȴġðһԼǰһʯͷС
뾫أҲһ·鷳
ǣΧȴķ˱仯
ǾƬһſžȫûν֦ҶͺͺԵЩԵرֱС
Ʒһ·ɶþ̽ܵĶǾķ֣Ƭ֮ʱʯ󺣣ƺһɹ˰㣬ʲôо
ɻУͻȻĵЦˣ
˵ͣ
ƷԵüΪɻΪյĳЩľ֮⣬ȻʲôûС
㵽㲻ںǿЦɣĦ˹Ｄʡ
ﱻǵȻ޷Ѱͨͨڣ׽͵ԵЩɫ
ô鷳ֱӴǽȥˡĦ˹ֹŵ
һЦѵһǻǿҪ㣬Ҫ߶˾鷳ˡ
˵꣬ױ㻺̤У˵ȥ
ÿһľȫͬԱ壬Թһ߶
ƾϤļ䣬СĴ˲ϵйԵߡÿһʱ򣬺涼ᷢı仯Ϊߵ·Ѿȫʧˡ
ƷţĵĽͷ˳ȥȻһ㷴ӦûУɰ̾棬ǴĻ¾Ҳ߲ȥˡ
Ҳ֪ÿһСĵĽţ·ģ˵κһ˿Ļ
ȥģ˺һ
Ȼַ仯ˣһĿռ䣬һƬİһһ㣬ȻһƬƷǵһ𣬾ĻܱߵһС
ˣΧסһţʹǽȥ׻ͷЦ
Ʒ̲סʵףӦþֻǾе˲֪ɣ
Ȼǲĵ
Ʒɻ󣬲ĵȻʲô󣬵ҪٽĻӦҲûɣ
Ʒ⻰˵ûӽ֮󣬲඼޷оĴˣǰŹ涨·ߵġ
ЦǺǣٽǲܵģΪǱٵ磬ҪĻǶἫΪСġأͨ˻Ҳ޷ͨ뾫ء
ΪʲôƷ缴ʣҲһɻ
ǺǣǾ֪ˡصһЦ˵ȵñ۾
۾סˡ
ûĵҪ뾫壬ҪħĴͣȻ޷ϵܣԾˡ
⻰ȻޱȣһŰ׵Ļ׷ױ˫ۡ
󣬰׵˷վıߣƷǾһ
ɣпʼ趯ֵƣĬѶ
ļɣصѣΧĿռ俪ʼŤɲ˻ҡš
Ȼ˵Ľ£һѤʹâ˳Գһâħ
͵أƷǿĸоͻȻӿһǿȫ޷ȥУ˱ǹ˽ȥ
ʹâҲʧˡ


82 
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һ̾˶챻ǰһиסˡ
ǰһƬɫ硣ﻨ㣬滨ݣľľǣǰԶɽͦεһŲҶï֦ÿһƬҶ·һ㣬˸Ĺԡ
ֱһƬΰ磬Դڴˡ
ƷڵĵطһƬĲݵء
ڻˣһж⣬㻹Ϊزء
ҲԵرļָԶǲеǿô󣡡
Ǿʥ֮׽ĵ
֮ƷǺ档
Ǻǣ֮Ǿ֮Դû֮ĻǿҲ޷ȥˡ׽͵Ī䣬Ե˿ǳ߰ɡ
ţڰǵĴ£Ʒʽ̤˾
·ϣЩľ֣ǰǻһеϲ
ƷǵʱȴǾסˡ
֪ѾһǧûĿ˽ˡ
ԣȻģƷ뾫صʱʱ˽㣬һ˫˫Ϯ˾Ρ
壬һر壬ձߣľ壬һǿŮֱĶƷǶѾȫĿɵˡ
Щǣס棬Ŀˣ׷˳վš
ϣ˵˭أԭΰʥľʹ߻ˡһϲЦһλϵľŷȵס˰ǵȥ·
Ǻǣ˳Ϻá׹Ц
˵ݿɲ򵥣ΨһһĴϣżߵĵλ
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ҵԼˡƷͻȻ䵭˵
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ŮΪȨˣס֮һƬʵĹС
ǽһľС⣬ݺύͷ׵Ļ䣬ˣһ˸еĴȻϢ
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Ĵž֡
ЩǰǣȻƷǵĴڣҲû׷ʣƷǺܿ㱻˾鹬С
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ϾڹУƷҲֵıȽ࣬š
˹֮󣬲ûмŮ
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۹һ裬˳ȻĽĿ㼯˴ľɭϡȻһΪȻоɭ᰾Ĵڣܾúȱʲô
ʱƷҲ̽ĵϸԼǿľ޷֪̽ʵʵȴԸоħǿԶԼܳԽ
ȻƺоƷ羫֣ɴ󾪡
͵ģ򵱼ǿľѹ˻ȥ
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ǺǣǾĿˣܶǻϲء΢΢һЦ
̫ˣȿĵĶ
ƷҲͦϲסĵطǸоҲǲġ
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׹񣬼̱Ʒ뿪ˡ
ټĹУֻʣ
˹Ǳô˵ʡ
˵ỹ֮ģи
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ǶҪǨ
Ǻǣûô򵥰ɡ򵭵һЦ
ô죿ʡ
ɣȥɡ̾
šȥ
ߺ˳˼УɫԵЩˡ


83 ʧ
ھ壬еľ鶼סھģƷҲǲıס档
ƷǱ֮ʱྫĺ档
߽ݣȻǷյģȴǸо쳣ˬȻʵ˵һ۾ϲ
벻˾ȻҲס棬ϲ֮ʱıƣֱۣӵͷĽ硣
ƷɲΪ˯ģ֪Լǰŵˡɭ̫ע⣬Ա㱻Ʒ˾档
ߵ棬Ʒ䱦һ㣬еľ鶼ĽţЩ͵͵Ĵ˹Ʒֻܳ΢΢һЦ
ʵƷһֱú֣ԴƷ߽˾ֵĸоںԼоǴӺζƷȴһüĿûС
Ʒãкһûˡо㣬ȷʵһ֮ء
֪УƷ羹߳˾أһƬĲݵС
ܰ΢紵ӤС
ڣƷѾﵽ˵㣬ͻơɱСͻƹؿ㣬ȻֻһĲ𣬵ʻȴرƷܹͻƵ㣬ǽﵽľ磬ҲͿӽǰԼΪˡ
ϧҪõĿۣҪǵõһͻơûкʵޣֻʹֹٵõͻơȻĻƷǰж֪Ҫָˡ
ǰƷ綼иϰߣǾǴޣ״̬
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ΪľĪĪ꣬ϢƽͣȻ߻ħ
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ʵеħҲһģÿһͻƣ˳õĻۣҪʺϵڣƷ粻˶ٵħԪأ޷õͻơ
Ʒȴѵͻǰ׼ڵħѾϵıѹΪ˾Щ߼ħƷҲǿԷҲƷΪµĵطͬм޵ˡ
νˮһƿӣ͵װٵˮװ˷ˣƷ֪ܳܵķΧ㹻ħֹͣգҪչĻǾͿˡ
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ȶƷȫĽ״̬ȻһУȫȻС
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Ʒڵħͬ㼯УѰ㣬һ塣
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ƷоӺƣۣ˼άЩңıʣȣôˣôö˶˵һ
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ߣͷҰİϾ˵úõĲȻ޶˶˵Ļ赹ھ⣬Ҫͷⷢ㣬ڻ֪أ
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ȹƷ磬æ˹˵˹ҿƷŸãϢɡ
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Ǻá˹ѡЭˣͻȻֵأϢͷģҪ׼
ţӭƷӭһЦ
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ǺǣǵĺǿôƷЦʡ
룡Ȼ룡˭᲻ϣԼǿĦ˹ȻĻص
šƷ΢΢ͷſǶһ飬ЦǺǣǲ¿ĻҾǶǿ
ģ
˼ˣȶһΪɫ
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̫ˣƷֵܣа취ǱǿĻһмģＤĵİɣж࣬Ƕܼȥ
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ǺãǽȺúϢǳȥһУƷ˷
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84 ǲ
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һϲǹƾָտɴ
ߣǺڰѾǧˣʱ򻹻ˣ˹ߵ㽫·豾κβҵҪǴкͣ
ǣӦ漴Ჽǰ

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ͷʿˮһЦƷ磬ǲ˵
ƷЦǺǣܿԽȥ˰ɡ
ɡԡĦ˹شЩӵɵúܴ
ţҾʹǽȥɡƷ΢΢һЦʰǰ
һŻع񣬾ӷ׷׸Ǿ˵𸮵һˣΪһи͵òĽ͡
ߵǡ֮ǰ۵Ĵ֣һĪѹÿǵжо쳣η塣
ơƷ磬⡭⵽ʲô̲סʡ
𸮣ĵطƷһЦ
𸮣˲⡣
ˣôˣȥǾԻ֪ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
Ǻ棬ڴƷÿһ
ʱƷ߽˸ǰһİڸСƷ־ŵԿһ㣬һǴš
˵һıˡ
ţһޱȴ۵Ľⱬ˳ֱӽǵӰסˣҰһƬʡ
ͽȻһ޿ɷӿ
һδӦ㱻ǹɾ޴֮˽ȥ
һ̣ԺﾭһڣǾȵķԼǵһҡ
ⷿʲôûУǽϿ̻Źͼ֪ΪΣ̤ܸо쳣ѹ
ʲôط
˵Ժﶼͬʱɻ
Ǻǣ档ƷЦ⣬˵ǰ
棿
ûǽҪҲ
ʲôûСĦ˹ﲻ
ûУС
˵ţƷѾǰȥ˾ȵķ֣ԭյ澹ǻŵš
֮£ǵǰ
ܿϧƷǵŵʱ˸еʧľǣȻǿյʲôûС
ʲôûСʧĵ
𼱣˵ƷѾ˽ȥ
˶ʲôĸ˽ȥ
ʱһ̤ҿռ֮ʱ
Ȼɫ䣬͵һƺϿһ㣬ʼЩˣĶƷ硣
ƷͷɫЩѿĿǣʵλо˰ɣռǲͬ
ҡҸоҵӺͻȻˡɫ죬ħʦʱͻȻȷʵЩѡ
ҲñˡĦ˹ɫ
ǱˣΪͬռ䡣Ʒ
ռ䣿סˡ
ƷֻĵĽ͵νռ䣬ǵҪǿĻͱòȥӦʲôôҲͣԸǵľǣҲһǿ
˵ǿ˵ȵĹâҲ˿Լ˼ȥһ
˻Ʒ˵ҪǵľǣҪӦǱòϵĽȫԵ˶Ȼǽᱻѹ
һоĲڿЦҲЩԥˡ
Ʒֵǿ˭Ҳ룬ҪǿϸҪԼǺ˵ĻѡҲǿǣ
ǲģ˵̤ŽŲǿʼռ
Ħ˹һԥ˻Ǹ˳ȥ
ɫͨɫƽƷ磬ݵһҧҲŲ˳ȥ
ƷһЦܺãΪ˲ҾȳȥˡأֻҲܴÿԼŰɡ
˵꣬Ʒһµܳռ⣬һҲŹرסˡ
һһңԭǿĴ۾˵Ŀ¡
ʱƷѾߵ⡣Ϊ˲˷֣Ʒֻý𸮱Сˡ
漴ƷУհһЦǺǣǲˣ


85 
Դӵõ𸮺ƷԺжʱʱӿһЩֵϢȻⶼǹ𸮵ġ
𸮣ΪϢ֪ռ䣬ÿһռĹȫֻͬҪȫеĿռ䣬ݺء
𸮻һص㣬ǾһпȨУҪ򿪣ǲܵġһĿռ䣬ֲȫǵһҪƻ𸮣дﵽƻ𸮿ռƷ֪Ҳеʥǿ߶޷лƿռɣ˵Ǹ߲Ŀռ䡣
ԣƷΣ֮ʱֻҪ棬ɰȻ¡
ʱƷԴۣž
ȻƷ˵ǲܿǣľȴȫռУһУ¼ƷԺ
ۣۡҡҿֲȥˡ
һ԰ףڸһŶӣᲽСʽȻռֻΪʩѹ屶ȻǾòأûȦ˾ǽƣѡ
ǣʽǿʮǿԳܵģʹöĻǾûġȴûѡȫƾ֧š
ɣﵱ˹ȥסҡŵĿȣȣȥɣɲͣ
ҡܲˣҵıѹúܡĵ
Ҳȥ
ȷʵǳȥġƷĻͻȻ
ȴϲеƷ磡̫ˣ죬ҳȥ
ǰƷֵܣȵʵ̫ˣܲˣοֻλħʦҲڵＱ
ʹˡƷ˵ħʦҪħħﵽһĳ̶֮ʱҪΪƽ⡣ħﵽһǿȣʹڴĻ޷ոǿħĻħ̫ǿʹͻˣʱҲӦ޷ܴħ˵ܹﵽħʦʵǰߵ˻٣Ǳ˶ĶҲˣռԲǿǵʱǽһĹڵֻһΣ˷ˣ̤ǿ֮·̿Էǳ
ԣ˳˼ˣƣеĦ˹Ҳͣסˡ
ûûʲôǲͶģҪǿҪӦŬռȻ࣬ЧȴҪǿʮһĻǾ͵ڱȱ˶ʮʱ䣬Ҳ˵оС
ԥ˻вһĪǶôкο£
Ǳǲ԰׵⣬ֱվ𣬳һЦ磬ǼɣһԼ֣
ģϲɫ
šȳĵ˵ͷЦʣ磬ǵǵ𣿡
ţȻǵã
ǾΪԼŬһҪǿȻȥʵǵ룡
ƺһϣڿȵϡ
΢Цٶ˳صĽŲȻݺݵ̤˳ȥ
￴֮һοɻͷմƷֵܣúÿţһȥģ
˵꣬͵ĳ˳ȥٶȾǱԭȻҪ˺ü
ƷȻûٻش𣬵ȴ¶һ˿Цݣ룿ʲôôж
ֱЩ֦Ҷɢ֮ʱҲǹһϵʱˡ
ϾǳνӴռƷҲòˣ㽫Ǵ˳
ڳˣ۰
ֱܳӵͷƣ˲ݵϡ
֪ƷȴǴţվ
һͲκγɣ׷վ
˿̵Ʒ磬һĵʦǲҲ
ƷЦЦȷ黹죬˵ˣһһ֮ĳɹϵƣۣ
ԣһϸ
Ʒʾ⿨ϥ£ƼΪŹֻ֣žȻ໥ס˸ееЩʹڲ㡣
ƷЦΪ˱ֱҪƹͨҪ㣬񡢾󡣡
⡭ɲ˵һ㣬ʲô˼Ħ˹ﲻ˵
һ͡Ʒ缴νħʦڤƣҪ߶ȼУšȫ֮ʱԳȥӦſȻŽԼڵŴﵽе⡣󣬾֮ʱвκε
ˣڿʼıۣһǡƷϥı˫ۡ
ûԥžı˫ۡ
ʱǵԺ֮УƷÿһ仰
ÿһ仰ֱԺУƷ򣬿Ƕ˳Ľ˾״̬
ռ䣬羲ֹˣĸоÿһ˿ѪԸӦÿһĽȻһУƣۣȻȫޡ
뾲֮еĿȣƺɵ⣬ڻԾԪСˮԪظо˿ȵĴڣǷ׷ΧƵ˿ȵ⣬ʱʱƤӿ˿ȵڣħϵĵõǿ
֮һеһУоڽξһ㣬ǣңڡ
ʱ֮УʱʱЩ龭Ʒˣǲ⣬ֲҿǰš
ǸоľǣƷǵ϶Űݣ־úĸо
ԶȻϸСӰ
һλֳ־·ȵľŮӣһλžƿӵϾ顣ˣҲǾݵˣŮһϹˡ
ϣóڸʲô𣿡򲻽ʡ
΢΢һЦǺǣ˵ڤĻȴֱڤ뻹Ҫһ˿һϷ޷
Ҳ벻ôģָоĺð𾪡
ˣŮ˵лĻλƷ˸ȥɡ
㵣˲ڿЦӣ˵ͷеߣȴһֱעԶʯеƷ硣


86 
һֺܸ硣
ģǶ죬ƷҲ÷ˡ
ɣƷ΢΢˫ۣ𣬻ͷۿݵĿǣЦһЦ
֪ĸôˣƷͷ̾ţϳɫ
ǿΪУƷԼ̫΢ˡԽһԶԼǰǿߣԼӦԣȻƷһܹԽԽʱԼĸڻѨУܹȻȹ
ǰƷ޹ʣǣңԲκǿߡ˸ĸֵܣƷʱĻе
ģƷ縺ֶǳ˫ۣḧķ磬ϣԼƽ

紵Ƭ粨˰ϣŵİɫƮζĳ¶ƷŰ
֪ʱǷ׷״˹ϵƣ֮ʧٶϲ
о˯˸Ħ˹Ц
֪ûǵ˵仯һȵĿϲ
ҸоԼȫʹڵĶǿʵ˲١׿Եúܼ
ͷųеĿȣɻʣȣأ
һ㶣ӦҲǣͻƲõľȹˣҲоƣˡ
̫ˣ
˶ģĿϲ
ƷأȾ¡
˷ӦȥƷ羹Ƕվ˲Զƺûִһ㣬ֵú޶
Ħ˹Ǹм̲סƷֵܡ
꣡£ȱͻȻֹסĦ˹Ļ
һ㶣׿˼
ֵҿƷҲһɣǻȱô˵ɡ
˾㲻ԭ£һڰĽƷıӰĬ
ιι˵ƷֵʽǲǸãĦ˹档
ȻǿһֱţŶˡվţǺöˡӦ
һǾűȽվŶ۰Ħ˹˵
Ҳûźá׿˺ĵ˵ͷ
Ʒ֪ڿվźûźõĻҪѪɡ
ңڵƷκһ˿ķ紵ݶΪľƷھǴ֮СħﵽͻƵĶ壬ѵʵͲٵݽһ
ܣ
Ʒ͵˫ۣһ֣𽣡
ˣ
ͽȻ֮䣬һǿĽɢƬɢһԲӣƷе𽣲ݺᡣ
һɴ۾Ʒ磬ҲǱǿµĽסˡ
ʱ䣬ƷƺһУȫڽ⾳֮СԺ֮Уǰ۵ʮ˰գ
ʱƷͷ亹ҪսжµǷǳѵģҲǷǳΣյġΣѪģ߿Ѫ
ԣڵƷѾΣյıԵ֮С
ȻƷӵѧ飬ҪѧжȷʵǳΪ񣬾ֹݵƷ磬ֻܿµ似ſɽһʵ
֪˶ãƷԺеѧ·𽥳ΣƷɫҲ𽥵и
͵ģһۣ֮ǡ
ȻƷնĴһ趯ת
ʱƷӾǳתӯˣӻγһϬĽ
ʱ䣬γһ磬֮УһɹɵĽھ֮УƷӰ֣Կ
⵽ʲô
ѾȫľסˣƷĽѾԽ˳֪ޱȣɱأֱ˵ľֽ˭ҿ
˻δӦƷһȣ˷̤Ѫ
Ȼ羹ǹľۺϣƷӰֱ˫߲̤һĿ磬һգ϶ټ㱻˺ѿһ̵ѷ졣
˿̵ƷѤĽ֮УΣ裬ӯ֮Уִɱһ˭ҲڴӺζ
˫͵һ㣬ٶԾ֮𣺡ӰϾ
ȻƷٶȼӿ죬еķȫûйɣʱʱңʱʱ¡ƺʵ̫ˣȻѿһӰʵʵټ٣Ѿֱ治ǸƷ磬ֻоǿµĽ
ĻѾȫˣֳȻ˵ѾһĴˡ
Уʽ඼׷ͬһ·ģûĽɣûʵĽֻ׷ϵ
ǿۻңѾȫƷĽ֮С
ȻһӰۺϣƷֱ־ٽ֮ƣһĿ
͵ģļһɫɢ俪
ݣ
һڲƬŰݣƮɢڿС
ƷᣬͻȻս¡
Хѣ
һһгУһɿֲƱ¡
һը˿һƬ
ǽ֮УƷ縺սӰ˳죬Ʒ趯Ľȴ֣ȫѾ˺ˮ
Ʒϣȴ¶ϲЦݡ
ǣѾǳ׵ľסˣȻȫĥ͸Ľǽ趯ǴĿģÿһʽÿһ˵𺳣ĽǰֱС׼ˡ
𳤽Ʒ𽥵ƽһڵϢ־˲١ȻûеõͻƣƷս߾ǿߣʹӮˣҲбʵˡ
ͷƷ緢ֿԼЦЦ˹ȥ
ôˣʲô𣿡ƷЦʵ
һĵ㡭û⣬Ľ⡣
ޣҵĽƷɻϵ𽣡
Ħ˹ͻȻĵþ˵Ľ
ǰ⽣δţƷ㵽ǴӺѧĻѾˡ
ǺǣǸһ֪ǰѧġƷ΢΢һЦ˵ԼԴģ¿ҪŵøңƷѡ
ǵʲôĦ˹סʡ
Ʒ˼˻Ц
ĽĺѧһԵӣ˸ſĹâ
ǺǣѧˣֵǿѧƷһЦ
ʲô˾סˣĦ˹Ｄĵô˵Ըǣ
Ȼǲ¿Ļ
ǵȻ£Ħ˹Ǽͬ
šƷ˵ͷ˵ƺʲô˫ͻȻԶ
һ㶣˳ƷĿͷȥȴǿһȺֵĶ˾С
ʲô˾סˡ
Ʒɫһĵѣǿȥɡ
˵꣬ƷѾеķȥ
˾Ӧ׷׸˹ȥ


87 Ѫ
죡죡Ƕȥ
֣еĹּϣ
ססô񣡡

УһƬҡȺĴɢ׷ѰŶ֮
˹ʥְΪףžеĹ֣ʼŷ빥
ԭ˿ھصϿ֮УһȺĹЩߣȴĳ˶Լ״ͼֵûκεĳ
ЩھҲΪѪߡ
Ѫߣ֪ӺζÿһζȺԵĶǾ塣Ѫ߼Ϊ£ǱѪ߲סĻǽᱻıǵѪҺ
쵰ЩɶĹŭһĹҵһ
ݵһ
˲䴩ֻѪߵӣһЩѪ߾鿪ˣΪĩһѪҺûС
ϽǿٵķһÿһǴֻѪߵӲͣ

Ѫʵ̫ˣĴ鹭ǵԽΪһŶӣͣЩѪߡ
ЩѪߵ幹켫Ϊ죬ֻҪǱУȫ
Ѫ߹࣬鲼ɭ֣˹һȺѪ߾ۼദȥ
ݣ
һϬļ֧Щ͵ѪߣȻѪǶܼ࣬ɶֻҪһֻѪߡ
ǸйһЩħʦҲ˹𱣻Щֻ֣ҪһѪ߳ƷߣЩħʦᵱͷħ֣Ծʱûгκε
ʱѪȺĻͻƾķҲûġ
˹򣬲Ϊ֣ѪУϹÿһγֻ֧
ವһǿļ֧ĳ֮ʮֻѪ˲
һ̣˹һԾһת
飡
һ죬ΧѪ߾ĴϮ»Ϊ˷顣
ţ˹ڵأپ͵һʰļ֧ңЩѪչĹ
Ͼÿһϵļ֧޵ģ˹óü֧ԴľҲЧ£ֻҪ֧ʱ򣬶ʰЩ֧Ϊļ֧û㹻ʱʹãѪߵĹʵ̫ˡ
סһҪס˹ŭţһ߻ֻҪǱϮеѪߣӽ
һ̣û˭ԥΪػԼļ԰ǸҲһǻܲȥ
ǣЩѪߣɱƵģһȥ˽ֻһֹֹס
״ŭеĹѾ֧ˣȣȻơ
ݵһ֧֮˲䴩˽ʮֻѪߣΪس
ʹ죡׵Ц
ⲻ֪һ˵ꡣȻ䣬һƬѪ߾Ƿӿĸ򣬶ųȺѪߣǼΧסˡ
״󾪣æеҿ쵲סЩ
ݣ
һƬƬɻæǹֵļѪС
죬ƬѪ𣬵Ѫ߳û
˾֣־£ЩѪߵĳٶȣǼһʱ䶼㹻ˣЩħʦûзӦµħΧֻܽһ˷סһ˿ɾҪˡ
ۼЩ񶾵Ѫ߾ҪȺ֮С
Ȼݵһһӿ֮죬һѷĹâһɿֲĽµѪߣһɶı˺Ϊ˷顣
һһֱеɫȵĲ嵹˵ϡ
һѭŽƷȥ㾪ϲÿƷǼ˾ǳ˹
ˣ׵¶˴δйľϲ
Щ֪˵Ĵڣ֪ʵΣһһɱ˰ֻѪߣɼֽߵʵжô
찡ЩʲôĦ˹ȴǾˡ
ȱ˵Щ׿㸺𱣻ȣҺ˹ֵܸƷȥæĵ
İɣһЩʵء׿˺ݵó˳ɫĿߡ
漴Ħ˹ճƷȥķɱ˽ȥ
Ʒٶȼ죬ȳȺ֮Уӵ׵ǰʣֵܣ⵽׷ʲôˣ
ش˹ȴǼٵ˹ĴУ㻹ʲôϽȰЩһˣ
˵꣬˹ּ𹭼˼
Ʒһ㶣ЩڿŰѪߣڵķ֮ħתΧķ֮Ԫ̼쳣ĻԾ
һƷ羹ҪʩħȻƷ֣Ҫ
ϧƷ۵ĴħѾˣֹסħķѾ̫ˡ
ݣ
һɫɵϮ֮ƣɨȺѪߡ
һǷзȻ˶סˡ
УΪħΪħƷǿħ۶ɣɼͬСɡһ֮£ֻѪ߱У׷׻Ϊ˷顣
ݵһ޴ķֱӳѪȺҲϮһ׳УҲȻȻĵ
ʱǿĵ䣬˶㵵Ķ
ƷȴסˣȻоЩ۶Ŀԣǲ⡣
ɻţ˹͵ĳ˹ݵһ߬ƷŭСӣ㲻֪Щﲻʹħ𣿡
ԣƷ羪סˣûܶǱ٣ʹùĻȷʵ԰סִ硣
뵽ڴˣƷǸһȺѪ߳û
Сģ
Ʒ羪̲ס۳һУ˳ȥ
㣡˹ˣľ鶼Ʒçײľٶе
ݣ
ٴλһƬѪߵӣȻȻķҪϮ䵽һžʱеľ鶼ʹżֵֻġ̡һĻ
ⲻ֪Ƿм֮ʱǹŤת˹켣һĻߣۻص˻
һƬѪ߱ϮУ׷׻ΪƬеħԪҲԸԳɢˡ
˼Ļ޲𾪡
ħ۳ɹʱȷʵԾٿħĹ켣Զ̿ħĹ켣Ǳ뾫ﵽʥ򼶱Ȼ
λܹ꣬סųԪķħʵ̫ˡ˹ȫɵסˣԾöǰƷ硣
ƷεЦЦ˼˹һ̫嶯ˡ
ԣ˹ӦѵȻħʵǺǿֻҪͺп˺Щ飬𣿡
İɣҺзִġƷͷһЦ


88 չ
ʢӵžտļǿħ
ʵľȴԵʽΪѪߵĹΪܵκһ˿˺ʩչħƾЩȻЩ鷳
ңվѣƷǡ
ʵѪߵҲмʿѣֻƾӴ˺սⲹʵĲ㡣
Ħ˹ȻʵǷǳǿ֣ԸЩѪѾ׿׿ˡ
˳ѪȺУʱһԾĳչŰƬƬѪ߱˺Ϊ˷顣
˵ڶԸз˺սһʿһֵɱҪǿ̫ˡ
̫ʹˣĦ˹ɱþˣһһͣնܱߵѪߡ
ɫȽ࣬ȻЩѪߵĸʵȽȺ幥ȷʵ̫ңһ֪ѪߵкεȵĿ֮
ʱƷҲǻӽս֮С
ȻƷħ˺ЩɶԾ˺󣬷ЩѪߵĸ˺ǺܴƷҲǸɴʹˡ
ߣǾԿҸĽɣƷ۹һ裬ͽȻӿһǿҵս⡣
͵أ˫һſԾڿתϣƺڹܱߵЩѪ߰㣬ıƽѪȺУƬѪ߾ӿƷ硣
ھĿĻһƷľٶҲʵ̫ˡЩѪȫİΧڵѪҺһӾҪեˡ
ھ黹δӦ
ǳһʽƷһЦڲϳ֮£ƷӾڰмٵתеĳӻһϬĽ
̼䣬ڰγһˣƷӰѾģˡ
ʱǧֻѪ֮߱Уоһһ㣬ӿѪߣͨͨΪƬ
ţƷӰֱӴӷлһģĲӰеĳ϶š
৵һ£ڰжټŹһĽۣ֮еѪ߾Է顣
˷缲̤ѪڶʽȻ̤ŵĲѪȴ̤Ѫз鿪һ޴ͨƷӰƮ
ϾƷ绹ȫķɣʩչʽֻ֮Ѱŵˡ
ղʽڳ˿֮ǰƷܹʩչħѾ㹻ˣڼǿµĽЩ鶼ǹЩѪˣ˹򶼼ŹҴ
ڣǿƷ磬ʿĴڣⳡսķ
ƷЦһЦƺڸղչֳĽʽЧеǳ֮⣬һḧţȴš
Ȼڶ̶ʱƷ˽ǧֻѪߣЩѪߵǼġۼͬ鱻ɱƬѪƷӿ
˿ĻȫľסˣѪȺٶǧֻϣӿܹѹˡ
˹ȾǴ󾪣ңȴֲҽƷ磬ֻܾǵĽƺվеƷ硣
Ѫʵ̫ˣܼĳһ𣬾һſѪ޿ڣҪƷûȥ㡣
һ̣ƷйһĨЦЦ֮Уɱ⡣
ݣ
һһƷӰȻʧ˰㣬ȺѪȴֱӿ
˻ûüȣһϤ𣺡ӰϾ
裬ƷӰ趯Ӱ飬ѾƷıˣֻѪȺУǿٹһӰۻҡ
ΨһľǣһȵӰ֮УһƬһƬѪˡ
̫̫Ľˣ
ЩѪǿ콣Ķ֣̼ǧѪ߶ˡ
ƷֳֽҶƮһƬռУѾûѪߵĴˡ棬ϢΨее𺳡
һߣȻĦ˹ԸЩѪߣɱԶûƷôǿˣȫֱһһնɱԾҪࡣ
Ħ˹ɱԽӾˣȴǵ
ݵһնֻѪߣϿմȴַֻѪߡ
Ħ˹￴ȭйעֱһȭЩѪߺ˹ȥ
һֻѪ˲㱻ˣȴ©һֻһֻȴ˳Ħ˹ֲ˹
Ħ˹۲мѪߡ
ͻȻĦ˹͵ĸоֱдһɾҵʹֱ۵ѪҺȥ˰㣬ʹĦ˹˻ӶҪˡ
˴󾪣Ħ˹ȥ
˹ﵱȥݵþ׼һĦ˹вƵֻѪ߸ˡ
ʱȺѪȴǳûͳ
ɫ䣬ΪЩѪʵ̫ˣԼ޷ӦЩ鹭ҪҲΪ
ģһӰȴ缫˹ȥ
ವһ̶˸ֵݺὣЩѪ߻ıˡ
ţƷٶأɫеĿ΢΢һЦˣأ
˹ﵣǵĽһʹеĦ˹ǱѪҧеĵطֱ۶С˲١
Ʒ絭˵İɣ˹ûµģҽЩ鷳˵
˵꣬Ʒһ䣬ŵĽԽԽȻԵĲˣ˺ƷߵˣƷҲǻķŹ
͵أĿע£ȫƷ羹ǳ˫ڿղ̤ţڿȥһĲӰ
ţǷɱ¾һĻŭ֮µƷ磬Ѿӵ˼£ÿһ֮£ǳƬѪ飬ʵֲ̫ˡ
˵ıӿţ˫۵ɵöǺβ£졣ǽ򣬵ּһ赸ڱһ㣬ĿǽѾﵽ˶ҵľˣȫƷС
ٶؿһĿǣȫƷĽ·ʵ̫ˣû뵽ʽҲԷܳĶ
ڣһɱЩѪ߶ĲˣƷƮ䡣
ЩѪߣȴǳ׵ηħƷ磬ʣ²вѪڿǻţٽйˡ
׷Ӧй׼
˵꣬ЩӦо鹭ֶ˹׼ſеЩеѪߡ
˹ȴǴţ
׵ڳһ˹򣬾Ʒ綼һɻ
漴˹ߵƷǰ۴սЦǺǣǲǻһЩǱԵİӣһĽΣ
ǺǣⲻƷ΢΢һЦ
֪Щ飬⣬˹ҪƷԣǱԵʲô


89 
˿̣ڿнʣֻѪߣ໥ȽϴɾûôˣϾЩѪߵٶȻǱȽϿġ
ԣҪһʱˡ
ŵɳڴľǱΪֵ˹ξʵıԡ
Сޣûʲôʯͷʲôͷȣ˹ɻʡ
ƷЦЦ˵ɻ󣬾Ǵӵɢļ֧ʰ֧ЦǺǣõ֣Щͬȥ
һ𣿾ȥǲȻ׼ȣ͡ЩûʶƷľ飬ΪƷǲڳ˵ΣȥֱȣǲŰ
˹Ʒ˽棬ǿЦӡȻвƷƷŵЦȴɸоһĪѹ
Ʒ˹Цʣô𣿡
˹һ㶣ǣֻǱһѡ
ǺǣǸαȣƷ΢΢һЦ
˵ȣʤǿ˹˷ſЩ·ѪߣĵЩҲֻҰɣÿжֻʮ֧Ȼǵóʮ֧ɱѪߣ˭ɱö࣬Σ
ţû⡣Ʒ˵ͷ
漴˹˵ڣǽһıԣκ˶ɲڲԱĻڳÿһˣϷλѵ˭ɱĹߣ
˵꣬о㼤ĻһԣʷпǵһΡ
˹ͷƷһЦ׼𣿡
ʱԡƷ絭ȻһЦ
ãʼ
˹һ˵꣬йҿټֻϿз˳ɴ䣬ַ졣
ಣಣ
֧Ǳ׷Ŀһ㣬ɢ俪಻٣պ֧׷ϮֻѪߣ˲𣬿ɼξˡ
ţ˹ٶȻһԾǵļ֧޼ϡ
ʱƷҲˡ
֮УƷ˫ָУʮ֧
֮ԾֽעȫǷѪз˹ȥ
ಣಣ
һӿ֮죬ʮ֧Ʒеķ֮£Ŀꡣκνֻܱ֮ͣûüߵѪҲϮˡ
ʲô
˳ԾĿĻϲ£죬˾Ʒӿµľǣ׼ȫǲ˹
ԣ׼֮£ƷҪƣٶȱ˹죬һʮ֧ȫиҪһ㣬ǾƷٶҪ˹˺ö౶
͵أϮ䣬ƷǹݵӰѾ˹ȥ׷׽סЩǣƷûסһ֧תһ˦ɱ˳ȥͣ٣ÿһĿꡣ
˹򾪴ˣ亹ֱͬѭȻٶǼ죬Ʒȣȴر
һ̣ٿ˹ˣĿȫ㼯˷еƷϣһıݡ
ףʱҲǲҪġǲףƷ絽ģ
תۼ䣬ƷѾʮֻѪߣ˹ȴֻɱʮֻԵŲ
˹򲻸ʰ£ַԽѸ죬һ˹򶼻һʱ䷴ӦЩӺθ䡣˹һ֮ʱٵĳȥסЩȻּһĹ
Ʒɾˣȫûأ˫ڿߣеͣķţһֻֻѪ߱Ϯ
͵ģƷԾһžУ˫ָ֧ЩʮֻŭѪߣһƣ
ಣ
һƿ֮죬ƷеѾһֻֻѪߵӣʹûĿ꣬ȴ˺ƿЩѪߵӡ
һƷѾ˲ʮֻѪˣҲһֻˡ
˹ɫȻÿһĿ꣬ǻɱٶȴǱƷ࣬ۼҪƷľԽԽԶ˹ԽǲӸġ
ݵã˹һҧҪƴһ㣬оļʮ֧
ಣ
ʮ֧ķ˳ȥϧ̫ˣЩѪߵļԽԽԶȻȵˣ׼ȴǲ̫Զˡ
ʮֻ֧Ŀ꣬Ŀ깥Ҳ̫Զˡ
˹ҲɵסˣЩһһУɫȻ
˵ƷڱȽǵģοһڿڿնߣȥסЩļ֧֮ʱܱߵѪ߱ƽԼӣȻ͵ʮȫѪɳصĴ
ܿ죬ѪߵٶԽԽˣ˹սҲĥˣԵԽӵĽŪü׼ԽԽ
ʤѾֵúˣƷѾɱ˲ֻѪˡ
ڣڿѾֻѪߣƷ˹֮¾Իˡ
ţƷӰƮһ˫˫𾪵۹֮С
ˡϷȻˡ˹ɫԵޱȵȻδܹȫ
׵еľ飬ΪƷչֵǿ֮ʱҲǶ˹еϧɫͨͨȻ
һ֣ھй֣˿Ʋ۵С
ʱ䣬Ϣеľ鶼Ρʹİ˹
ͻȻ֪˭һ쿴滹һֻ
ܵķӦƷ˹ͬʱӦ
һ֣һ˼𹭼ͬʱϿմʣһֻѪߴ׼ļ˹ȥ
ಣಣ
֧ǴӲͬķȴͬһ켣Ŀꡣ
һ̣˵Ŀⶼ㼯֧УƷ˹ҲǽĶס֧ļ
֧ܿľʹﵽͬĸ߶ȣһ㣬֧ƴҪﵽյ㡣
һ
֧ƺͬʱĿˣžһֻѪ߱ˡ֧ҲԸԳĵ
Ʒ˹ͬʱץסԼеļ˹ȴɫȻһԼʤΣƷ綼Ѿʤˡ
ʱĿ֮£ƷͻȻߵ˹ǰЦʵʤӦ㡣
ԣһ˹Ҳǲ⣬ɵƷ硣
ƷֵǺǣȻĹ߱࣬ļȴǱһղһȻĿļĳٶڿʼʱˣȴһҪ죬ֻ˵ļҪҸ߳ˡ
⻰ѱƷ˵Ļ۷ˣԭΪƷʤԵãû뵽Ʒ羹ǹȻ˹ļǿԼ
ڴ˿̣ƷѾõоˡ


90 Ů
˹ЦЦԽӵƷ磬̾ͱοϷˣϷļΣϷԼȻ˶ϷΪ֣ʵϷֵľʵǲ̫Զˡ
Ϊ֪Ϊ֣һܽʹó뻯ʱ򣬱޼ʤмҲǲְɡƷŸ̾
ⲻ֪ôһ򵥵Ļȴ羪װĺ˹
޼ʤм
˹˳˼Уüͷ壬ʱʱ´ϲ仯ˡ
˲⣬ֻܼάⳡĻ档
ͻȻ˹ЦϷˣ
ʲôˣƷɻʡ
޼ʤм֣˹򼤶ĵ
Ʒ絭һЦû˵ʲôֳȻľ磬ô򵥾Ϳġ
˳ѣǲ˵Ħ˹˹
Ʒ磬쿴˹ֵܣ֡ｹǵ˵
ţ֪ˡƷ˵ͷһ΢΢̧𽥵۳һɫĹš
ǵǾú˹ǿƷʩչĹħ֮ʱȴ͵ؾסˡ
ǿ似ǿħµĽκһ㣬ǳܽ͡ƷٴʩչΪϡԵĹħѾŵ˵ˣǴ˵еĹ̥
ʱƷ罫۳Ĺ֮Ħ˹ƺҪݽߵֱ֮С
ܿ죬֮Чǿݵֱ𽥵Ļָ˳ɫĦ˹ֱеʹҲŵˡ
ʱâɢȥƷ˿Цˣûˡ
Ʒ֣־һΡĦ˹мЦϾʧѪ࣬ɫԵЩ԰ס
ɣƷó˿֥ݹĦ˹Цȥɣкô
һƷóνġĦ˹ֱǵһ˹̻ʵ˺ҧţǵÿһĽҪԼҲ˾ͺˡ
ʱһȺ˹мĶƷЦƷֵܣǾһδݰ
Ǻǣǧҿܲ𰡡Ʒ̿һЦ
ϲԸҷ׽ֵܡ׷ĴЦ
ƷȴεЦˣֵܣڳΪֵ֮ǰûгԵģҶӺе㲻̫ˡ
һ㶣漴㲻˵أԴûкúдǣǽ;ٰһ¡صĻӭǰɡ
˵֮꣬ǰȥľҲ׷˳Ļš
ƷһгԵ۾ˣ֮ˣֻҪûдﵽ豹ľ磬رܳԡ
Ȼ⻶ڵĳУһϵӰͻȻϿ֮С
Ů
ھ󾪣׷׾Ĭ𾴡
ƷٴμŮжĸоﻹЩԼﶼô飬û뵽Ϊһ֮ǹܶܡ
ڿգΧһۣȻ߱ȫƷϡ
ãƷҲĿӣ˭͸˭
΢Ʒ絭Ʒǰɣ
šƷ΢΢ͷ
ֵ㵥̸̸֪ɷ񷽱㣿
Ȼ㡣Ʒе˺档
ȴǴ󾪣û뵽ŮƷһ̸ɷͬһ㡣
ɫԵ÷ǳ䵭ޱ˵Ǻãϵҹ·ɣ㵽Ұɡ
˵꣬Ǻܸɴıˡ
Ʒа⾫ŮҲʵ̫߰˰ɣⲻԾڿԼԼȥ̸˾ˡ
ȵƷİȫʵƷ磬ȥ𣿡
ȥôȥֲң˵˼ҸмһءƷȤЦ
Ҳǣ壬ô˺ˣЦЩǻҪһء
ǰƷֵܣǸʲô𸮣ڿء׿һС
ţ֪ˣһᾡϻġƷЦЦ밢Ǵкǰ鹬ķȥˡ
ҪΪƷЩ׼һ¡صʢˡ
һ죬ҲǾֵһ죬ҲҲĵһ졣
ΪЩһˡ

֮ƷѾ뿪ֵĵط˾鹬ǰ
ֵľǣ棬ûκε
Ʒɻԥ˻ֱ˽ȥ
빬վţƺרڵȴԼͬľǣ⹬һλϾ顣
Ǿǣһεľϣˡ
ƷһĪĸеǳ֮ƣΪԵüѹ֡
ǺǣСѣּˡ˳ƷȤζЦ
ǾҲΪ棬ӦʲôҰɣҲϲ˸ӣʲô¾ֱ˵ɡƷ絭ĻصǰԼеĴŲϲôġ
Ȼû뵽ƷôɴĻشŪЩΣȷʵҪİæҪȥһط
ʲôطƷһ㶡
ȥԻ֪ͻȻת۽Ʒ硣
֪ΪΣһ˫֮УƷ羹Ǹоһ˿֮⡣ƷҲԽɻˣһŮʵɲ⣬ʲô½˻ҪԼæ
Ʒ绹סûоܾȻӦðɣҴӦǣԸȥǸطܲܰæǿɾͱˡ
š΢΢˵ͷȣĬֵ
Ȼ䣬Ʒ羹ǸоͽȻһɹĿϢӿ˹
Ʒ󾪣һ۵ʹâȴҫҰһƬģ
ʱ֮Уǳһʵħһɿռӿ˳
һ£͵һƷ绹δȫӦ˾ͱһĪǿĳ˽ȥеûˡ
ţâɢȥڴѾûκ˵ӰˣµֻǿյһƬ


91 ֮
ιιȻλŮҪҲôкܲò֪֪
Ʒò׿˵ˣ̲סһԹ
Ʒ練Ӧ֮ʱԼȴѾһΪİĵط
ţƾ˳ǰȻ
Ʒһ㶣ѭ˵ȥȴǾסˡ
ǰһùϲһɺŵϢ˳ϧǹѾٿήɿݵûκεһƬ֦Ҷһֻ˵Ĵ֣Ļƻ衣
ڹ֮УȴƮʹ㣬ԵüѤ֮£һڿݾڿݾıߣȴλϵľ顣λϾڣϵͷڵħעǿݾ֮Уݾб᲻ϵͷųʵĹ㣬Ʈ档
ǣλϾȴƣͷϡ裬ǿݰףоǵڲϵʧš
ƷһʣŮʲôط
Ǿʥء򵭵Ļصϳǳ
ʥأƷһ㶣ɻʣ˭
ھĴϡ
ĴϣƷһǶˡ
Ǻǣǵְ𡣡ͻȻЦЦȴԵ쳣ɫγʹ
ƷɫһҲʲôְ𣬵ÿ˶ԼȨû˭涨˭һҪǴϣԸһĽͣҲһǣ
𼱣ʥȻ˵
ȴǼΪ˵ǿù֪̾ʲô֮еľ鶼֮ǾĸףһֱػǾ壬ŷҲŷǵȻŮ񡣿ϧǰս֮ȻŮ䣬֮òά֣άֵڣ֮Ѿ
ԣƷһƺ뵽ʲôɫȻʵ֮ˣǲеľ鶼Ҫ
ûǾ֮黯֮ĻͻȫʧǾͻļͣҲʧȥЧʱͻᱩ¶ħɭУʱͻὫеħʥޣǾͻһ֮֡һʹĵĻص˸⡣
ƷҲ֪Լˣûֻ֮ǵѣǿѡǨ𴦵ĻһԼȥ
ˣûô򵥡˵û֮ĴڣǾķ½ز꣬ѾûоĴˣǾԶ޷뿪֮ģҲǾԭ򡣡
֮û취𣿡Ʒ粻ʵʣƷĺ壬ΪΨһ
ͻȻ̾ϢһǳĵղҲӦÿ־Ĺ˰ɣǲǾú֣ڸûκεϢ
ƷһӸղЩѪߵľȷʵȫоκεϢʣΪΣ
ΪǱͲ壬ȷе˵Ƕĳ塣
ĳ壿
ûҲ˵Ƕ֮ĸһ壬ǿԲϵվڵҲǾе
ԵúΣϸϸƷš
λǣƷ̲סʣŵĻǿݾλҪȥϾ顣
ΪҪ֮ĵ̾
ѣƷԽɻ
š˵˵ͷ˵˵֮Դԭ֮֮ǰǷ֮Դǿά֮Ҫ֮ԴתΪҪֲͬڵԪſɼ
ԣλϾҪԼά֮ƷɫѾʼ鶯ˣѾı鳤ǵ˽׸۷ˡ
˵ĿЦǺǣΪ鳤ϵʹϧľǣ֮ûеõȫĻѣƾĴ߷Ǵı׶ˣǾҲʼ𽥵߽û䣬һεĳѾ޷ά֮ˡϷѾʧȥеصֻһƵŮȻ޷㼤
ЩƷѾ˸⣬Ǳ˵ĸжˡ
ڹ˵ʱһֱĬû˵ȴѪɫʹ絶
Ʒкˮݺݵʣѵûбİ취𣿡
УһӦֺε̾ϧ취ǳңԶ
˵Ʒ߬ȭͷֻҪа취ǻϣ
˳̾˿ǽ֮ʵŮ֮ǰ֮һ֮ģ̺㹻þ己ȥܿϧ֮ں֮ǰѾʧˡ
ǾͰһƷ缤ĵ
ǺǣѾ˼ǧˣһֱάֵڡ˿Ц
һһƷһľ⡣
ллˣǾѾȲˣû㹻ʱ䡣һȻ
Ʒһ㶣ҧĺܲġϲϲľ飬Ʒ縶ȥһƷҲԥȥ
ȻתͷƷ磬ʵҲһ취
Ʒһ۶򣬳嶯ʣʲô취
Ǿ㣡ˣҲǰͬƷ硣
ңƷ
š΢΢ͷϴſ֮⣬ĵ֮Դ֮ѾӴ֮ҪȫĽ֮ҪһĴ߷
ʲô˼Ʒ缴ʡ
Ҽǵĸ׸˵ܹһӵĴԪˣǿ֮ԴԿף˵۲죬ˣӵŸϵԪص򵭵Ļص
ǺãҸôƷԥʡ
𼱡һɫĵǾҲô˽ˣأҲòȫ
㲻ÿǣֻҸôСƷ˵
˶һĸжӣ᲻ϵ䡣
þãӼлϵĸмлл㣬ǾĴˣĲ֪α𡣡
Ǻǣȱ˵ЩҸôɣҿλϿ¿첻ˡƷͷڱߵλϾ顣
š˵ͷжȻһ̹⣬ֱӽλ鳤ϰ
λ鳤ƴͷڵԪͻȻӿһº͵֮ƣ˱˯˹ȥ
漴Ʒ˵ϱŸϵԪֻ֮ҪͿˡ
õģƷͷصǰȥ
ǵǣ̲סֻסƷ磬ƷͷʣôʲôҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷ΢΢ЦСġ
Ʒ£ȤĻЦʵŮЦÿġ
һòŷӦɫʱһƬͨ졣
ȥƷѾ߽


92 ˣ
ʱƷѾߵߡ
ɣƷ̽ͷȥ˸ӨӨĲɫâԾ֪̽ȥ澹̺һɼΪӴ
˽Ʒ磬ȻпƷԻ֮ǵĻƷȫ
Ʒ˼˻о沢ûʲôΣյϢ͵һԾ˵һ׹ˡ
һȻƷ뾮֮ʱһǿҵĲɫֱ˳˲֮С
һ̣ƷѾΪϢĸоû뵽ı滹Ҫӵ˳
ûжر𣬵ˮǲɫģ˸žӨĹâģΪ
ˮƷҲоȫʧȥģϵˮ
֪ǷƷĴӲϵˮ룬һĪĸоӿͷƺԼĿ
ɴ࣬Ʒӷת˹ٵˮ׹¡
û뵽⾮ˮ˵Ŀ£ƷԤѾﵽʮˣӦòףˮĹɫԽӵǿҡ
Ȼ䣬Ʒ羹Ǿ㵵ˮµƺеǶϵǿҵĲʹ⡣
ƷǾ棬ȥ
ⲻ֪Ʒ绹û¶Զ͵ӿһɾ
Ʒɫ䣬һǿҵϢг価ͷƺҪһ㣬࣬ȴֽвƴˮ
ϧԽԽҪȥǹѹͻʩѹԽԽǿ
Ʒ缫ģδһУŲˣҲֵ̫ˡ
뵽ڴˣƷǿڵʼȥǹĪѹƷȥǹѹͻԽԽǿǿ˸е

Ʒﲻʵźһȫ͵һ𣬿кһѪЩҪ˳
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ţ֮УһӴԪǿӿƷڣӱȻвϵѹڽƷ塣
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ţ˻عͷ۽̾ϣϷûۣһԵġ

˿̣ڵõĸ죬ƷԽڵħҲ֪жٱ
ƷʶҲ𽥵ĻָԺ˫ۣȴǾķ֣ԼѾ龮ˣƯ޾ĿռС
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Ʒɻ벻׺ö˶˵ԼôŪĿռҲʧȥĵƯţ޷ƶˣֻϸĴܵһС
Ʒǿľ̽飬ռޱ޾ȫߡ
Ʒ羪סˣΪȷԼǲûʼڵ״
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ԡƷҾͻǵģҸôȥ
뵽ڴˣƷڵȻƬİĺڰռ伫󣬵ҲҪΪɵš
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Ʒ󾪣ǹâ֮УǸоһɼΪµϢǹϢѾԽƷ֪
ѭŹԴ֮ȥƷ羪ȵĿâоƮһ޴Ӱ
ǾӰλòŮԾ飬ֻηǱ֮ȫ粣͸֮ɫ۵ʱһɲɴ
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ԣڵƷֻǿ򶨣ס˫۽ĶǰǾ޴ľ顣
ɣǾ޴黺˵˫۽Ʒ磬΢΢һЦ£ûҪ˺˼
Ʒһʵǡ˭
ǺǣˣΪȻŮ񡣡Ǿ޴鵭һЦ
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ƷȴǾסˣû뵽ԼȻеļе


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Ʒֵ̿˵ŮСܰŮæ
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ȻŮƺƷ˼ЦǺǣ̫ͻˣҵĽ𣿡
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һꣿƷԵúܲʣֺܼ˵ãһʱ乻ˣһὫ֮ĸһ
ллҺܸжȻŮмЦ
Ӧģ嶼ҵѣҲʧȥһ壬ҸôƷϿҵʡ
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ȻұҪġȻŮЦЦֵǺǣΪ˲ʧ֮ǰѾ塣Ҹеľǣ徹ǷǳҶûʱĻܹΪеǿߡ
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ģһ۽Ʒ磬һƷĻֻὫԼĴٲ
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Ʒ缴һӵħ츳壬˵Ӧйħĵ伮ɣοһ£֪ɷ񣿡
һƷҪȷʵЩˣϾÿ壬Լܡ
ȴǺԥĴָó˿ŽָݹƷ磬˵һ򵥵ĿռָϵħҲмİ͸ɡ
⡭̫ˣʵܲ𡣡ƷܳĻص
ΰǾ壬ǻ֮ػϣǾɣϣ¡ϵĵ
ԣƷ䱦ĽӹǿռָмĵллŮһᾡıġ
š΢΢ͷȻ۵ڵĦǵʬ壬ʹĵĵĦǰúáɡ
е˶ɫĬĬΪȥĦеף˲еʹ
㸺о飬ʥءס˹˵ȳϱ㸺أһͨƷֻǸڴͨ
һ̿ʼҲǾΪֵ̿ӣΪڰʱ̶пܽ塣
еʥأзǺڰ幥뾫壬Ҳ޷Ѱʥصڣʥȫġ
νһʵһݵϣֿʼм
ԣƷְ𸮷˳ÿǽռڰ֮ǰǿЩʵ
ΪԷһƷصػɭᰣϾɭᰵʵǳԽԼͨƷҲǾñȽϷġ
ȻƷͿԾĵȥоЩħˡ
νףƷҲǵúúõ磬еĹɡ˵統УħȷʵһǿҲһֳƷ֮ǰһֱԵľħȻ磬Լ壬Ϊβúüأ
ԣΪħƷ翪ʼǿħʶӵħ壬صħǧǧ򣬾Ʒ֮ࡣ
ɣƷСĴӿռָзһµħȵķ֣ħ治иϵħԪħĹԭǻйħĸӹĸԭħʦħĵ֮ʱƷıסˡ
ܿ죬ƷѾȫĳħС
ѾһУʱ䣬ƷѤԪصĺС
Ҳ֪˶õʱ䡣Ҳ޷ر춯Ʒڴħлصʵ
ħʵ̫ˣ
Ʒ缤ĸ̾ţܸд
Ʒ羹Ǿȵķ֣ľͻȻ˲١Ȼʵǲ̫ǣƷȴ࣬ħ֪ѾԶǿһЩͨħʦˡ
ɣƷ籦ĽħԶɭһԭء
Ʒ£ϸĴɭᰣܸоƺЩֵı仯Ʒ󣬲ǰɭʣǲͻˣ
ǣūõү֮󣬱ͻˡɭʵӦ
ԣƷȴǾסˣʣҺʱ
ūүԼ˵ľ֮ʱҲɻһ档
Ȼ飬ľǣ
ʥʦ
ƷѾ׵ñסˣȻĶǰޱɭᰡ
Ϣʵ̫ˣû뵽ɭ᰾Ȼɶ磬ڰϵʥʦ¾ͨķʥħʦҪ°ɣϾڰħʦʵֲ̫ˡ
뵽ڴˣƷĿϲԺ˺ڰʥʦİ绢


97 
ڰС
˹ʵǶ׼ãǷá
ڻʱ򡣡˹˰֣֮ǰȥǱ뾫壬ҲĲȾɡ
ǲ¾û뾫ã˵
е̫Сʵˡ˹ĵǱ뾫֮ʱѸо֮ϢȻ֪Ǻԭ򣬵¾еô򵥣Ҳòء
֮ˣһ
ţһоһɺܿµϢ˹֮ɫ
Ҫ𣿡
Ψֻеȡ˹˵ǱѾھ˲СľҲĻ̻̣Ǿĵĵȣĥǵԣȵʺϵʱ䲻⣬ЧܻһЩ
ӦЦܵ
ţȥɡ
ǣ¸ˡ
ȥ
İ֮Уֻʣ¹˹һˣھĳ˼š

˿̣ھУеľ鶼Ѿŵʥ
ʥ֮ڣǾܹĿ֮ޱϲ˺ڰܴĿֻš
ȴһֱڹУʱ̸ӦͨĶħ裬Ȼ֪ħһС
ƺһ죬ѹйȥˣͨȻûж
ƷҲ㿴һħ˲ٶħ֪ʶļ⣬ҰࡣʵƷҲҵԭ֮ĹԣƷ룬ԼڵħﵽһƽĹ֮ʱͿܽΪһ塣
ֻ룬ƷڻûҲ֪Ӻ
ˣռҲкһʱˣҲ֪ˡƷš
ɣƷߵǰֱ˽ȥ
ԴƷõ𸮺ԺʱʱӿֳϢƷѾԽԽˡ
ʱռ䣬ŬһϵеĿƷ̵֮Ѿڼƣеõ˻⣬ĿԲȥӦǿѹ
Ȼ˵һռĴųĴ򿪣ƷЦӯӯ˽
Ʒ磡
һϲɫ˹
ǺǣôչΣƷЦʡ
ʱ˵㡣ЦЦʵˣж𣿡
ûСƷҡҡͷ
ôˡɻʡ
ѵҽǶаƷûĻص
Сɫһ죬ͻȻãͣĻұѹúܣҵü
˵ּ꣬˳ȥ
ǿʱڿӦ
ƷЦЦҿͲˣ㻹Ǽɡ
Ʒ֣ҪҲһɡĦ˹ͻȻ˵
Ǻǣû⡣Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ãʵǿܵɣǾͱȱ˭ܵÿ졣Ħ˹ˡ
Ҳ׿˴Ц
ȻҲٲҰɡϳ˶־
ǿҪ㡣
Ʒ˵꣬˱һ˳ȥ
һƷҲʵ̫̬˰ɣռÿ˵ʵǿʩѹ֪Ʒʵǿܵ뽫ٱƷȴıˣɼжྪˡ
ĻҲ˺ʤ֮ģ׷Ʒ˳ȥ
ռķΧǼģҪһȦĻʱ䲻١
ǣǲûһḶ̌ƷһȦ
̫ˣüӰѾƷһŴЦ̼ſǡ
ǿɼˣҧأǱܣٶͽȻӿ죬ƴıšϧ޷׷Ʒ硣
ʵѾǲˣ˵ȥƷǱȡ
ƷԽԽ˷ܣӦ˰ٱǼɡ
ȻƷƺǱʲôסһ㣬Ȼͣס˽Ų
ãƷͣĵطһš
ʱĸ˹˵ǸϣʵƷѶǺüȦˡ
Ʒֵܣ㡭Ҳ̫ܵ˰ɡĦ˹ڴʵ˵
ƷȴƺûĦ˹Ļ۽ǰ
һ㶣ѭƷĿȥǵš
Щƣ۵ǰƷ磬ڽǰѾˣͼǵţɲôŬžһ㶯ûС
Ʒ΢΢˵ͷ˵Ҳ򲻿Կ
Ҫһԣʡ
űҲܴ򿪡Ʒ˵ʰǵǰȥ
Ȼ޲棬ȶŬǰʼƷÿһ˿Ķ
𸮵ĵһţƷѾõһѾ񽣣ڶţӵռ䣬أֻʲôľϲ
Ʒ棬Ƕڴ
߼Ʒ絽ǵǰѰá
˵Ʒ翪ʼȫĹע˫֮УűըԵ
͵ģƷֳİǵǰݺݵһǺ죬ƴȥǵš
Ʒ缱ǿøвϵΪƷźšȸַ߬ȭҧ˫еǵš
ڣƷȫƶ֮£ǵžȻ΢΢һ¡
ƷһĶˡΪ֮ǰƷôŬȥƶǵŶȻ޶ȴܹƿЩ
ϲ֮£ƷҲˣٴιȫһ͵ǰݺһơ
˵һųһ۵İ׹ⱬ˳
ɫ䣬ܼס˫ۣȫǿ֮УһϵϢѹ˹ֱ塣
þãâɢȥƷվڱ򿪵Ľ֮ǰ沼Űãã⡣
ʲôط
㵣Ǻ棬ֲ߽
Ʒ绺˿ѹеļ̧һţһص̤˽ȥ
Ʒһ֮ʱԺ֮УʱӿһµϢ
Ϣƺ̫ˣƷѾȫĴסˡ


98 ٱ
𸮵ţռ䡣
˼壬ռľռνĹܡռ棬תΪҪյǿȱ绹Ҫǿʮ
ʮʲô壬ǾͬһУһЧȴҪڱʮꡣ
ƷоԺϢޱȣʱʱЦǸӡ
ȴȫĿɵˣƷ˹ı仯뵽Ʒ粻ǽǵźɵ˰ɣ
þãƷƽ顣
ͷƷЦſǣϲɫ˵ɡ
һ㶣ȻղƷĹ仯ţƾŶƷΣǻǺ޲ԥ߽ǵС
У˾ǰɫΧȻյ˸еʧ
ҲûʲôⰡĦ˹ԵЩʧ
ҸоˮԪϢ쳣Ծɫ
ţҲֵĸоĻҪࡣĵ˵ͷĴš
ǺǣûƷЦΪռ䣬ΪתҪһʮЧˮϵħռܸоľˮϵԪء
ʮЧ
Ѿ׵ľסˡ
û뵽ССĿռ棬ȻӵֱδţؾһҲûͰɡ
ƷЦͬĵĶΪ壬Ϊڴ˾޵ĻͬҲǾʮЧ
񰡣ʽǲǺܿͿԴﵽʥǿߣĦ˹Ｄľ
ʥǿߣƷЦЦҲûпܡ
ƷĻǼĶιȥˣҲʵ̫ˣֱ켶
Уҿɲ˷ʱ䣬øϽһ£ʼڤ״̬
ǼˣһһЧ£׷£Ʒϰ֮ܿ˾״̬
ƷοŵĿռ䣬֪ٿĵţƷҲûȥΧһУſޡ
ʵħ࣬ӵŸϵԣоĶֻԼԵ𣬶һ쳣ŨԼӿ졣
ƷĿɾͱ̬ˡ
Ʒ֮ʱĸоΧɫԪعâƷӲϵţ޵ִ
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ᣬƷ羲ı˫ۣĻԪ֮УǣԪӿڡ
ȻƷСĿԪԼڵвϵѹתΪħѭڵħǿʵƷѳ統С
֮գʱһĿ졣
֪ãƷоתħﵽԼĳ̶֮ʱƷ㽥Ĵ״̬˹
ǵһܵٶϵĪô뾲оþδѣ¶ǲôѹˡ
ãźڰ֮ǰƷҲÿա
ɣƷ˼ۿǣ漴ĵ뿪𸮡
ģƷ棬ܴĽһ˦ټ𸮱㻯ʯͷСС
𸮱ʱƷȴͻȻһžվԼĲԶ֮
ѡ״磬ô⣿Ʒ类һ
ױ˹Ծʣ㡭ղǹôͻȻСˣ
ǡǲʲôϵһħܴСؾ֡ƷǿĽš
ôǴħܳģԵøӳԾ
ǰħȽ˵㣬ֻס˵ģԽֵҲءƷѾʼˡ
ޣԭϻôħҲҪһ˸ȵĹâ
Ʒ簵亹æʣˣ״磬㲻һͨôܵˣ
һ㶣ͻȻʲôˣŮ½ȥ
ţãǾ鷳ȿţȥȥƷ˵꣬Ͻ͵Ƶܿˡ
ιһûסˣƷѾɿˣһкöҲſҿ
ã㱻ŵһ亹Ʒ˾صŮ
ڣеľ鶼ʥأƬɭжԵñİһĻĸо
ŮѵȺʱԱ߻˴Ϲˡ
һƷ磬ЦǺǣˣǵþˡ
ţŮ£Ʒֱӱʡ
һǳӣ˵⼸ʵ̫ˣħһ㶯ûУܾ̤ܲʵһ¿кζԲߣ
Ʒ˼˻ĵҲú֣ĻڰѾ㹻壬Ϊγٳٲأ᲻ˣ
ġ˵˹Ѿֵ֮ѣԲ̶֣ȥĻǾܲȻǶʥأ֮ۼ̫壬֮ͻ᲻ͣĴͷ֮֮ͻٶȼ١
ЩƷ˳˼С
ʱƷͻȻ˵ǾͲҪٱˡ
ҪٱԵɻ
šƷ˵Ϊڸ֪ڰʱ壬ȥĻȷʵܲǾͱúܱǾ㣬˳䲻⣬ֱӹڰء
ŮϷҲȻǹ˹ΥԼȣɱˣǿɲˡҲ˵
ǡЩԥ
ƷȰŮԵ˵ʴȿɾǶԼĲ̣ѵ뿴ػϣľٴܵ˺𣿡
һ㶣ĻصšǺðɣڰʵСӣǶ뿪ĻҪǹ˹ͻȻǱ˾壬ǾܶԸˡ
ţûΪԷһŮУŮҵĻȥɡƷ˵
˼˻ĻصڰУȥգô׺˹λһͬаɣҾͿˡ
ţҲá
ǵĵǿɶҪСĵ㣬еĻ
õģƷ˵ͷ
Ʒ磬˵һоͰˡ˶٣ֶһĬĹ˷ԸϣƷһͬȥˣ¿ҪСġ
ţϷסҲӦˡ
漴ƷŹˣ뿪Ů
һΣƷǵܷѰڰ壿ܷ˳أһУô


99 
ʱԹΪףƷ硢׺˹ߵ˾صĻ⡣
⣬ľΧԵüǰǵ֮ǰɱķ˫ͷʬȻڲԶɢŵĶ
ףȽϤе·øߺã˽ʡ
˼˻ĻصͨеĻ·ߣ·ɶߡ
ϸ˵˵ɡƷͻȻ
š΢΢ͷһ·Ļˮ·ΪеСźͨУʥ޵ϢأȽΣաڶ·дȥֱӱɵС
Ƕ򵥣ʥߣȻ𾪶Ļǿɾ鷳ˡ˹˵
Ҿûߵһ·ȽϺáƷĵ
һ㶣Ʒ硣
Ʒ룬ʥ޴ڵĻҲ֮ȻǺڰΧΪ˲ʥ޵ǲðǲжٺڰڡߵڶ·Ļڰ崦ڵȫûҲڵһʱǵĴڡ
ţϷҲһĳ˼
˹ֵǲûǴʥĻǻǻᱻ֣ʱʥ޶ԸǿɶеˡұˣοΪͻϮڰ壬ѵЩʲô𣿡
Ҳõʦ˵ûǿɲȥԸʥޣǺڰ塣ĻòͿɱȥ׸˵
ǺðɣСĵˡƷֻܺεĵ˵ͷǸоЩ̫Ծ˵Ǹо
ԭ˻˵ʲôģȻҶѾͬˣֻѡߵڶ·ˡ
漴˱϶ߣʼС
ˣΪʥǿߣչ黹λħʦԹ˱Χм䡣
˹ǰߣʱ̼Źţӵħ˫Ʒ磬ǵ
һ·ϣԵúܰÿǵĽŲ
Ʒ˾ǿᣬڲܱߵÿһֶж÷ǳ֡ˣǳյħɭ֣Բ֮أоκεĶ
˲֪ãͻȻͣС˵ǰ治ԶˣǿҪСˡ
˵ţѾ˹ңÿһķ򣬲ϵǰŲӣСĸ
Ʒüͷһ壬ܸоﰲĹ쳣ָоκεϢڤڤ֮кһ˫۾ƺڹ۲Լ㣬˵Ĺ졣
ڣ쵽ʱĿǰԶһƬɭ֡
գɫĴţƾȥֻ俴ЩľľǣƷǿľ޷۲Ķ
ǻǻȥɡƷͻȻ˵
һ׼ʲôȥ޹޷𣿡
Ҳ˼ܾܹ֣ǻƻصһ·߰ɡƷҡҡͷ
ôУںò׵Уں޲ɱȥΪȥĦֵǱءʹ޵ӡ
ףϷ⣬ϷûǻȥȽϺãҲоﲻ̫ԾΪʵ̫˳ˡһǵӡ
ߣҪȥǻȥȻҾͲˣѪյİף𹭼Ǵнȥ
ϧ߳ûԶ৵һɫӰɴ˳ֱ˰ס
Сģ
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ͻȻµһһСӰٵдȥ
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˴󾪡
Ʒȿٵĳ˽ȥ׷ӦʱҲų˽ȥ
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ãƷٶȼ죬˫ڿղ̤ţΧľϵǰţѾȫסǵеĽСӰ
ߣӣûôף
Ʒһתۼ㳬ǵӰͳһɿն䣬ǵСӰ
һ̣һĿ֮ʱĿҲƺоϮɱ
Ȼһתֵǽ棬Ʒ磬ȫ˵ֿ
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ߣŮӲɱҲ
֮£Ʒ羹ջسǿջؽƣ⽣ķɡ
ƷؿһƣʧȥģǺھŮӵǰ
ڵ֮ʱƷ羹Ǿ㵵ļ
ǺھŮӵžĵݣʱ˵ſͳһֱָ֣ӱץƷǿס
̫ˣ
ƷޱȵİûڣʱѾʱ޷ȻһɱԼǷצӣ²ǲеġ
ݣ
һһ֧ϮֱӴƷ¿Ŀ϶˹ȥ
һǺھŮӵĶͻȻȫľֹˣֵĵɴǲŵ˫ۣΪؿѾһ֧ᴩѪ罦˳ͨһǺھŮӽӲӡ
Ʒоգ亹˿ͷȥֳŹƷߵķ


100 ׷
Ʒ磬û°ɣ
˵˹ǵǡ
û¡ƷЩ̵۵ڵϵľھŮӡ
׿ǰޱ˵ƷֵܣЩڰ鱾֮ĸ壬Կԣ򲻿κ顣
šƷ˵ͷмĳһЦллղŵһ
ؿȻֵνȴЦˡ
ǻмˡص˵
һʼϸĴܣȻ֣ΧһƬڰƮŨĺһɭϢ˵
˹һߣңʱ̾š
Ʒ˵ľǳǿģ̽ȥֻܸӦʮҴĶɾ鷳ˡ
ţǸûȥȽϺã˹
زȥˡƷأ˵Ӧǻ࣬ѾҲȥ·ˣ
ţûҲоˣǲħ󣬶ħ󻹿ԽֹסǸӦ˵
ǿ죿˹Щˡ
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ΧһƬ˸еѹ֡ֻпҪɿݵľֻǹĻݣǰɱ
Ʒ𽣣ͷ˵ΧֻҪһжƷķӦһ㹻ʱӦ
һ²ȵһ㣬ÿһҪԵСģΪʱпɱ
Ҳ̫ѹˣ˱ܣ̲סһţһ߶Ʒ˵ƷֵܣҴˣĻҾͲᱻطˡ
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Ʒ粻ɻΧһۣ˵˵ſ£Ǳſ£ȻĻ𣿡
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ţӦİ˹͵طӣټ𹭼ѸӦԴ֮ƾϮ˳ȥ
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תۼ䣬ѾʧʮˣõһжˣΪƷǷԼ׷˳
ƷɫĮΧӰ࿴˦ֳһϬĽںڰлΪһĻ⣬ЩĺӰһһӰյ
˹վԭزȴƾеķӦźڰÿһصĿꡣ

ҽ˺˺ڿ֮ɫصĺӰȻƷǸˡ
Ʒ縺һƬʬ壬˵Ʒֶβ̣Щνĺڰ飬ֱǸЩûԵҰһ㡣
ߣҲѾصĺڰ飬ΪԷһʱ̾š
ɣƷ绺
ͻȻವһһɫϮ˹
Ʒһ͵һתһ߰һ̽ǽסǼ֧
͵أƷһתеļ֧Դݺݵ˳ȥ
һʹУصǸڰ龹Уֱϱһ
Ǻڰ龪ֲѣΪ˻ǲƷǣתдȥ
ӣһ
׾Ӧмܺõ׼ķ˳ȥ
ಣ
һʵ£ѾȫȫסӴеǸڰ顣
ⲻ֪մƷӹ֮ʱƷȴ͵ؽס˰׵һ
һԼȫһǱƷͽֽסƷ羹Ϊ˰Ǻڰ߶סԼļ
ǺڰûʶԼѾˣΪǽңдȥ
ͷƷǻڷеʲôǼһǿҵڰĲڣ
˲ŷӦ
Ʒ磬׷Ÿ˹ȥ


101 ɱ
ӴܵĺڰƺûзѾƷ׷ϣѭϤ·ƴš
ƷȻǺڰһεľ룬ҲǸúܽԲʧȥ׷Ŀ߷
ڣһƬƬĺڰ֣ӴܵĺڰͻȻʧˡ
һƷǵͣ˽ŲΪǷ֡ǰѾһ㼫ΪŨɫȫ޷һУ޷֪̽ȥ
ô죿ڻҪ׷𣿡׸ʡ
׷ƷĵѾȫ¶ˣֻ׷ȥˡ
ʵƷǻǵ͹˺ڰͣΪʵǳ̫ĵطˡ
ԥ˻Ʒ·ȴ˺УǽӸں档
ȻŸճԶҰͻȻһӱˣһ˳
֮Уվٸڰ֣Ѽ𹭼ƺʱˡ
Ʒɫ䣬ã
˵꣬ವһӿ֮УǹֵĳƷϮ
ƷɫһݣнճɨһһĹǱƷĵסˣټ֧Ǳ۶Ʒǰ¡
ܿ죬Щڰ龫׼һĹ
ʱѾӦƷ磡ϷԵסǵĹ
䣬ѾʼǣԪأ̼еĵԪرԾӿ
Ʒɫһϣ㱣÷״ǣｻҾͿˣ
˵꣬ƷһѾЩڰȺлӽȥ
һȴܴ۳һǽǰ
һ̣Щڰ׼һĹŷɳƷϣȥ
ƷȻ壬˫ڿնߣе𽣣ӰӰȴѾȫˡЩϮȴһӽƷ֮ʱ׷ױ۶ˡ
ЩڰȴȫľסˣܼȻȫ޷Ʒķߡǹǣʹյʵﵽʥ򼶵ħǰѻʯ
ԣЩڰҲˣһһĳڰйȷŵƷźϵ
Ʒʵǿֳ𽣣Щι޷˵Լ
ʵ̫ܼˣһһңƷ类ֹסǰĲ
ȻƷɫһҪƴˡ
͵ģƷٶͽȻӿ죬Ҳȫ޹ɣȴ𽥵ĻûһĲӰƷƺѾʧˡ
ĻЩڰѾȫľסˣδϾ˹еĽѾȫʧȥĿꡣ
ƷʱȻһ
ʽ衪Ӱϡ
һоģԳʮӰеֱƽ˺ڰȺС
ݵһƷеոһ㣬ʮλڰֱ㱻һ˲˺ơ
ţһƷѾɱȺ֮С
֣ʧȥԶƵʱǾ͵ڲˣʵУЩڰȫڱƷŰķݡ
棬ȫˣǺڰ龹ʧȥǰĶеĹƷ硣
Ʒɫһ䣬ʼòмһնȥͻȻоЩڰھйǿҪ˳
ȻƷɫ䣬ܷӦĽ𽣺ᵲǰ
Щ˶ĺڰ龹ͻȻ䱬ը˿һɹǿˣϮƷ硣
飡飡飡
һľ죬Ʒը֮У𽣵ıӻŵԴǱһ۽ǿըȥ
͵ģƷ˫أͷԵЩңЩǱ
ȷʵЩڰ鶼壬ȫӵԱ
뵽ڴˣƷ㲻ˣٸڰ飬ҪȫԱĻۺϵǸж¡
ԥ䣬ڰķ˶
Ʒವȥ׼λĺڰϣֱӱ䵹ڵء
Ʒһͷ˹Ѿֽǽߡ
Ʒֵܣ£أ״Ц
Ǿһɱʹ죡Ʒ˷ܵĴһ˫͵һţԽռӵ˺ڰУȫκεĻᣬǶһһĺڰ顣
ƷѾ˺ڰֵĹƣ޷ͻǽߵİ˹չ˾֮£˵Щڰȫǳϰİӣֻƶ޷
ܿ죬Ʒս밢ǵԶϹ֮£аĺڰ飬㱻ͨͨˡ
һУʱƽǽˣ밢Ʒ˹ȥ
ߣǰƽˣ˵
ҲµûĻЩǺڰľ֡ǡ
Ҳǣһжƺһ㡣Ʒص˵˼⡣
ţΣȻˣҵڰ˹ɡ˳
ɣ˿ʼܵһУȴǷ֣ǰ֮ƺСɽ
ɻ֮£ƷǱ㾯Сɽȥ
ãСɽǰ㵵ķ֣Сɽȫɾʯѻɣ¶ʯңɽϿһɽ£ȴ۵¶һİĶڡ
쿴иڣ׾Ƕָָ
ţкڰĴڰɡƷע⵽
ڽȥİĶڣоַĸо
ţѾûк·ˣȥɡƷ˵
ɣƷ𽣣ʱŻ߽ڵĶڡ
һȻо洫ɭɭϢǸƷ̤˶
һ붴ڣ˾Ǿȵķ֣澹ޱȣֱֻ֮߰İޱȣǰ·
ƷһŻ棬˲˶
˶˽Ʒ磬ûʲô˹Ʒ۳Ļ֮УȴǳԾĵɴ˫ۡ
ƷѾ߱ϵħˣܹӵϵħˣֻоŮ򡣿ɼƷⲻССٶѾѰǸסˡ


102 ħ
ʱƷŻ⣬ŶǰС
˹վߣֳֹʱ˹׼
Ե÷ǳƽ֮Уȴǲء
棬󣬸ݺύ䣬תѾãȻûиоκһ˿Ķ
Ʒ࣬ԼľԽԽܵƣķΧѹΪʮڣ˵Ʒ˼ǰѡ
Ȼ붴漫ΪƷȴκεķɣҪԽӵĽ
ͻȻƷǾǾȵķ֣Ѿʼ˵صµķ򣬶ҿԸоԽӵɭܵԽԽ󣬿ͨԪϢΪı
ɣƷֻͣ˽Ų
ţôˣƷֵܣ׾ʡ
ȥĻ»δ֪ΣգиȽϱյ⡣Ʒ˵
ʲô⣿
˭Ҳ޷֪óȻȥĻпܴҶѣΪ˰ȫȥ̽ɣʲôĻҲ׼Ʒ˵
ţҲǣһȥĻǿɲġ˵ǵ˵
ǺǣҪϷȥҪϷڵĻҲиӦ˹ЦһЦ
ţҲãǾͷ״볤ڴ˵ضȻˡƷ˵ͷ
û⡣˵
漴Ʒ˹һͬʼŶ´룬ֻʱԭ
ʱƷ˹δ߳ԶͻȻƾӿһǿƷ硣
ƷǰȷӦˣ
ϧǷӦ죬ҲȲǹƵٶȡƷ˹ֵıƷŵֱ֮ӻ˶ס
Ʒֵܣ
׼˽ղѾƷ˵ĽȻ˱ͻȻʧˡ
ϣƷǿܳˣҪҪȥ׻ͷǵĶŹˡ
أѾƵû·ˣȥɣ
š׳صĵ˵ͷŹ롣
ʱתħźľǣⶴ棬ȻŷĴԪأȴǸоԼһΪԪϢ쳣ıԪҲˡ
ʱѾСĿʼͨص׵ĶмֱڵĶ亹
ͻȻ׸оԼһָֻһץȥ㣬͵ǰһ㣬Ԥµӿһǿ֮

һУ˾ҲǸž˶֮С
ף
һ죬ȴûץסףһӿֳ֮ƵþֵľڵĶ֮С
֮ʵ̫ǿˣǶܿ˱ֱ£˵߱Ļȫ޷ҵ֮ءɸľǣⶴ棬ǳ̦޺⻬ȣҪҲץסҲǲ̫ܡ
Ȼ߱Ѿ˷˷֮£޷ﵽеֵֻܾţֻܺεıһɹȥ롣
һУδ֪ģҲǻǵԲá
飡飡
˺ݺݵĴӸߴˤڵأƨɶ㿪˻ʹý
ţôҲˣһϤ
һںڰпɿƷ˹վǰ
ΪǳˣԾ͸ˡεĻص
ǲ˹̾
Ϊʲô
ΪǾ͸ܳȥˡƷѾʼԵˡ
⡭ʲôطûг𣿡׾ʡ
ûУҿԸоܴ󡣡Ʒ绷ܣɼһ˹ľ޴󶴸ȴ޷оϢ
ţϷ򻹸оħʦⶴĻǻһͻȻص˵
˲Źˡ
˵Ϸû´Ļǲһǿĺڰħ󣬶ħȴԶԳڰħħơ
ԣһ
Ʒ翪ʼڵħȥͨеħԪأȴǾķ֣ȴ˵ԼоħԪصϢ
ûСƷ羪סˡ
ɫ࣬û뵽δɣȴҪ׼ˡ
ǽŭɫߣǲܱԭ·߻ȥ
ˣԭ·Ѿ붴֮ʱѾˡƷ絭˵
ʲôˣ׾סˣͷȥȷʵֻһƬںڵʯңʲôڡ
ţҿھֻһ취Уڰħ󡣡ɫ˵κħ󣬶㣬һ㶼ħάֻ֣Ҫҵħ㣬һһƵĻǺڰħƻ٣ȵҵħ㡣
ⶴôôң׽ʵ
ϻĻֻ˷Ѹʱ䡣۵ŰףȻЩŭˡ
ױһϽ㲻ٳˡ
˱㲻ᰢף˵ˣڿʼҿɣҲҵء
ûԥ㲻ɢ˿ϸĵѰţϾǰҲֻ취ˡ
ƷüͷƺǿԸоһ˫۾ڼԼһ㣬ÿÿƷͷһûʲô
ŶڣƷϸĹ۲ãʱʱãƾоǲǿյģǿյĻǱضųڡ
˺ʧⶴҲʲôûС
ܵģгڵġƷ˼š
ȻƷֳ֮һ˫ɫӡ
ţƷ͵ľһͷһƬֻϸѰҵӰɻţѵҵĸоˣ
ţƷٴλͷһ˫İɫȴѾԼ
Ʒɫ䣬ӽնȥ͵ĸһơ
һ
ƷһŽУڱѪֱӵ˳ȥ
Ʒ磡
˴󾪣ƷȥȴǾĿǰɫ֮Уֳһ첻Ӱ
˹ͬʱӦ𹭼ٵĶ׼һ˫ɫ
ಣಣ
֧ӲͬĽǶȼȴǾ׼һ˫ɫ
һ£һ˫ɫͻȻʧˣ˿ա
ţһɳƵⶴлӭǣϷĵħ򣡡


103 
ħ򣿡
һ
ʱϴѪƷŭվӣˣʲô
СӣܿΪĿۣش˹
һڰоֳһɫǱںڰ֮УԿ塣
ǺɫȴųƷӡ
ƷһҲ壬νƾųǿĸ֪ӭǵɫݺݵն˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ǿ֮£ǵɫ˲㱻ˣǱĳ֮ȴĽƷ
Ʒ磡û°ɡǵ˹ȥΧһţŭǰ
û뵽л˲ţϧˡɭ̾Ϣ
Ʒŭʣߣ͵͵ʲôǲǲҼˣ
ϷǺܼ򵥡
˵꣬һ£ΧԭᰵĵطһƬ⣬˲ˡ
ţ˱ɾȵĿԭⶴȫܷģܿһǺɫĹâǱѪȾһ㣬һѪϢо÷
֮УƯһɫӰһλɫ۵ĺڰߣֳںڷȣյӡ
һ
ƷֱӱʣǺڰ
Ϸΰĺڰ˹ʹߡھЦǺǣҲԳΪΰĺڰħʦ
ޣС˻ΰ󡣡Ʒ粻мķ̵
СӣȻϷ㣬Ҳɱ㣡ɫ
ǺǣЦ㾹ȻܰһзŹҵĻ𣿡
УֻҪ㳼ĻϷΪ˵
һ˵ƷֵܣһĻһɱ
ɱϷ򣿡ĵ۰ףмĵļһЩͨľֵǿЩļ㻹ԶˣһλĻϷǾЩۡ
˵ţŭɫ˹
ߣôˣû뵽Ըûб䡣ͻȻվǰһ
һƺЩϤɫĹˣȻ㡭ǹˣ
û㻹ǵϷ򡣡˵һЦʣ˹أ
һЦܿϧĸ㣬ǵѾˡ
Ʒüͷһ壬ֲõԤиǿˡ
ҲЩԾʵǵڸЩʲôƣ
ûʲôƣֻǵֶѡЦøˡ
ƷһƺµЩʲôͻȻʵѵ綼ǣ
ûЦǾһֱڹΪԲ£ǲ֪Ѿͬˡͨе·ڣѱ˷һ֮ʱǵһжѾƿǵСΪɱǺܶˣЩֻΪ˰ȦеƷѡ
ƷƷŭֱûԣ˵˱飡
ǺǣûԣΪֻǾ飬ࡣһЦ
˳ʣǹ˹ڵģ
Ĺһ˼ӣЦѾȥݷǾ˰ɣ
ԣɫ󾪣ԭԼƵȦˡ
Ʒɫһ˫ȭ߬һƷ̫߰ˣ͹˺ڰ
ԭƷȻŮȷʵ㹻ԸڰһͻȻԺڰ͵ϮҲһ̫Ըԭ
ǣھǺڶѾˣΪƷڻǱ
Ҳŭھֻиջָõλǹ˹չȫĻǿԶԸ˹ҲҪΪصĴۡ
ЩɵĶ̲סһתڵħȴǾķ֣ڵħտҲ
յЦϣϷ㻹Ǳ׷˰ɡǺڰΪ˷ֹС˵͵ϮħռѲѾãĲϸƣħԽԽǿˣʥǿߵħʦҲһ֮⣬ǵľϷ֣˵ɱңܲҵҶһء
˵꣬ЦһչƬٴΰȴǹʧˡ
ˣɫ䡣
һڰ֮Уһ֮һģĺɫܳƷ˹
˹ƣΪ֣ҪﵽĿľ׼ȣľ󣬵ڴ˹ռ֮£˵ļ඼Ҫˡ
ƾ˵ıܸӦټźڰе˳ȥ
ಣಣ
ӿ֮죬֧ߺڰмٵ˳ȥ
飡飡
պûشײ֮죬֧Ŀ꣬˲ƻ١
Щڰ۵ĳ٣Ȼȴʣɫȴ
Ʒ˫һ˫͵һţԾĻӶųɫȴǴһ׺˶ĺɫȻƷһһնڽ¡
ţƷڵأźڰвмĽеСƶѣ
Ϸɵúһˡ˿նĺڰУƯںҹе顣
ţƷͷ԰˹˵ȫôϣｻҾˡ
ԭ˻˵ʲôģסˡ
ȴǲʣ㣬Լ÷ʥҪñ˵׸ı
ǿûô֪࣬գѾʧȥսֻܽ߱
ʱƷѾԾ˺ڰ֮Уֽ𽣡
СӣϷ򲻵òϷֲò㣬ƬڰУǾ޷ԸϷģϷĲ˲ţ硭
ϻ˵Ʒһڴ˰Ļ𽣡
ûƬȷʵԶԵħҲƾ
Ʒ粻ͬΪȫеĴڡ


104 ڰеΣ
Ļ֮⣬ʱۼһƬĺɫӰһɿµɱ֮
Ǻǣֵܣǽڱصð
˵λӣɫ̷һɫڣǿ״ִɫף¶ǳըԵļ⣬һ֪Ǹçӡ
ǲҪʥԳֵİ˹ֺƵĴЦ
û뵽󣬾Ǹǧڰ顣
ǺǣˡʥԳĵͷЦˣֵܣ˵õµʱɱˣ
Ǻǣһһôأ˹òƳЦЦ
ãʥԳˬʵ˵⻰ֵҿͦˣ
ھͳɡ˹Ц
ǾͿ㣬ҿЩȲˡʥԳһĦȭƵӡ
š˹˵ͷ漴λǣǺڰ屨ѩ޵ʱˣȥǵһУ
Ȼ䣬һװĽһӴɱʼɭӣΧһЩħޣɱŵò
ҿҪ㣬Ҫ߶˿ɾͳȥˣ˹һ
ǣ
һĺУкڰľġ
漴˹ʥԳ߽л
ˣеĺڰСһһĸȥ
˹Ѿȫļ˻е·ΪҪľҪٶƻħǱֱӵﾫˡ
ʱھеŮУͻȻüɫһ壬һɲĽӿͷ
ɣ˫ۣȥӦͨڵĶ
Ȼ󾪣ˣ
ټ

ʱ澳еƷǣȴǻš
飡飡
ڰ֮УһĺɫڲͬĽǶȳ֣ȴƷϺš
˹ȴıŹ˿һڱߣֻܷأȴչĿԵĽǸԸоʵʴ֮Ϊʵ̫ˡ
ƷȻ壬ƾųǿĸ֪ʹ޷尢ڣЩɫҲȻ޷Ʒ磬׷ױնڽ¡
Ϊڰʥʦ۾ʵҪԶǿƷ磬ϧǵħҪħάֲſɿȻħͻʧȥЧ
ԣʵѾǴۿۣƾԽĵħռ䡣ԳĻƷǿԵġ
Ʒǳڡ
ĸ򷢶ħᱻƷǿ𽣸
飡飡
Ʒһһŭնźκεķɡ
Ȼ޹һͻȻİ
Ʒ࣬Բ°ħµľǰʧȥ˶ĻƷȫĸ֪Ŀꡣ
ɣƷ翪ʼȵľ˫΢ƿܱߵÿһĶʹһ£Ʒ綼ܸӦ
ǼչƽԽӵķо亹
ߣѵֻʹЩɵֶ𣿡Ʒ߽е
ǺǣڰħʦµǱɵĹַϷûзϡڰе㴫˰Ц
ƷһоԴ֮ԥ˫ŵŵؼٵԾ˹ȥһ৵ıڰкɨ˹ȥ
֣ȫ˿ա
УˣƷ͵תǰվһģӰ
ڰɹ⣡
һɳƵĳƷǰĺڰͽȻһǿҵĺڹУһƺһֱ˳
Ʒɫ䣬Ӧˣ˵ǷѶˡ
֮£Ʒ羹ǽеϣУ͵ؽ𽣳űǺڹкݺݵĴ˹ȥ
Ȼǿҵĺڹʳޣҧ𽣡
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Ȼ޷ŵһĻˡ
ڰɹҪ֮ʱ͵رһǿҵϹ⣬˺ڰɹͽһ֮
ʲô⡭ôܣ
ɫ䣬ǹͻȻֵ֮ʵ̫ǿˣԼҪǹ˹ȥ
ƷһɣȻҲǲžϷ绯һĻƷɲʹ˷Źλᡣ
͵ģƷ羹㼱ٵǰһӹȥ˫۹ע͵سźڰ˹ȥ
Ӧǰһǿֵĵɴ˫ۣôҲ벻ƷͻȻǰ
ΣǹıȣѾû㹻ħȥԸһ˰Ե
͵ģдѪڹⱩ⣬ӾǹһΪ
߼ǺڰħʦΪʹõһħʹߣص侫Ѫȫķֻʵ壬˺󣬼ʹӹ٣Ҳⲻʵ
һ
ӱƷ˫ƻУˣը˿
͵أڹʧƷһתס˿Ҫ𽣡
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ƷһȻ֣ԼȻ޷ԴвĴˡ
ϷǺڵģһǺڵģ
ЦϵĴ𣬹ȵӰϵƷȥƷ˼άԵĻҡ
Ʒ亹ֱƷȴȫİղסڣľǣԼĴʱ̶ڻһɹаʱŹǺĽ
Ʒ缱ˣƺѾʧȥ˷УȫûͷĻҺڣÿһһա
ʵʵټ٣ƷѾȫֱ治ЩЩǼ١
ֻܸվһߣǵƷ磬ȴ޴Ӱ
ô죿Ҹô죿Ʒ罹š
ͻȻһƷǰӿһ
Ʒ͵һٵķӦһŭն˹ȥ
նȥʱƷˣΪһȫգնƺֻһѡ
ҵĹ֮£޷ġյͻȻƷ
Ȼ䣬Ʒɫ䣬תȴһ׶ǵǿ
һƷ͵һ𣬿Ѫֱ˵֮Զܲ塣
Ʒ磡
Ȼ󾪣Ʒ˵ǰķ
ûõģ޷˵ϷġҪľǣΪǵ޴ϷһĽͨͨĥ
ǵЦڶĴ
ɣƷ绺վӣȥǱߵѪ
ţƷ羹һΪľٶƺڵգ˾ȫľվţǽ˫ۡ
㵣Ʒɵȥ


105 ü
ģھΨоſƳħϻ
澳֮£ǳ嶯Ļֻ˵ȦСȻ޷ҵεʵʴڣǸɴԼȰųܵԻš
Ʒ˹ٶȴŪõ˼ǲ⡣
׸Ǽô󺰣Ʒֵܣڸʲô춯֣
ϧðôУƷȫûһ㣬Եһ
ҵð׼ȥȴǱ˸һֳסףȱ嶯
ܲ嶯Ʒֵܺɵһϼһħɣ
ҲˣƷûô򵥡ԶģӰƷ磬ھ֮ʱѼƷ˹֮ҴƷɢһĸо˾÷ǳðݣû˺ڰħӡ
׶Զ޶Ʒ磬ʵ̫ˣǡ
˵ˣúð˵
׾£ʹʣûΥ˵Ļеȴʱ̼ţƷ֮Է
ʵǰǾ󣬾ڰеİƷĹٶǲ⡣
ѵСӷˣţƷɢųһֹоȴðеľ
ı㣬ԶɣƷԽΪ죬оԽӵĹǡ
СӣŻϷ𣿡
ںڰܻ
ƷȻԭزԣǰݵϣȴ΢΢һЦݡ
𣡡
һĽһ͵ĺɫϯֱƷ硣
ƷȻ壬ȻΪǵɫ˹
һ̣Ƕס˺Ķš
ǰǵɫҪϮƷ֮ʱǷ˹һĻΪǵɫĴƷд˹ȥȻˣƷվԭز
ʲô
˹һĻһŵľ顣
ţƷ粻΢΢˫ۣЦǺǣЩ˵Ѿûˡ
ľʵôֵģ
ʵһʼʱǰЩˣ˵˵ĻҸӵĿ϶ˡƷһЦ
ߣʲôʵʡ
㲻˵ħѲ˺ܾ𣿶ħķѵħɱͰɣ֪Щħ޷õάЧҪħĵħҲСɣ
˵ʲô
ǲ˵ʲôҸоǳСģħѾҪȫĶԸǱһУȻĸ˵ħƣֻʧǣûоԵİգҲǳ֣úСĵúÿһֵ˵ĲɡƷе˵ȫѾû˿־塣
֪ЩΣЩ飬Щʵֵܷ𣿸ղŲѣϷŻסǣǾͱȥ췢һ㡣
ߣ㻹ҾȻֻܹһռ䣬ҾаնԸ㣡Ʒ粻мߵ
ѣҲҵĴڣЩľˡ
㾡ܿԣƷȥ̼Ű
ˣȵӰڰֳһĺɫںڰĶš
Ʒ粻ȥ˫ۣƾųǿ֪ΧһС
Ʈںڰ֮УһֿƷԵƽвľһ֣ǿҵ֮£þδҶ֡
Ȼɻͷ˿ڶڱߵİǣһЦϷɱ㣬ɱܿ԰ɡ
Ȼ䣬ڰĶٴһƬ죬һ֮ĺɫӿ˳ϯ֮С
֮£ľȻƷǿԸоеʵȴȫûͷ·
˹һΧĺɫ޷ʵֻܰοңЩ׶ĺɫм˳ȥ
ϧЩɫ޷Ȼӿ
Ȼ䣬ɫ䣬ڷֲʵֻܷĶЩչźͣϢĹ
ǿȥˣһЦԤ׵һɫǿٳΣһɿֲаֱƳֱѹİ
ڰɹ⣡
̼䣬һĺڹγɣһǿ֮
ǽȻɫ䣬ǹɾţ޷
һУʵ̫ˣ޷Ӧ
ͻȻݵһڰзһĽ⡣
꣡
סˣɴѪɫ˫ۣ𽥵˳۳ĺڹ˲ʧǰȴһɫѪ¡
ţƷӰѾ˹ס佣˵綼ˣоԵİնԸ㣬һУҵƿ֮С
֣ʵ૵ܡϷš
ڲˣΪѾˡƷһݵó𽣡
ͨһѾ˵ϣǰΨаֵӡղŵһ̣ʵ̫ӽˡ
ǣڰ󣬵ħռƺҪʧȥ˿ơ
Ȼ䣬ڰˣԳĺ⡣
ƷɫһֲܾԤУߣǱ뿪
˾Ӧ˾㵵ʵɡȥҳڣ
һ˵꣬ͻȻ͵һ˲ɾЩվȡ
Ʒɫ䣺ãҪˣ
ʲô
ǾɫѰڣ
飡飡
һ죬棬ͻȻһʯ
ô죿ҿɲװ׵׽ľš
Ʒأ˫ϸĻܣͻȻϲķ֣׼ѿĶ֮Уһ΢Ĺâ
Ʒϲе죡а취
˵꣬ƷѾųµʯһһն٣ƻǿҵһгȥ
ȻǲƷľٶΣɣų֮ȥ


106 
䣡
ҵҡţƬʯĻ䡣
Ʒ׳ǰ𽣣ϵɨʯ
ʱѾʧȥԷֻƾŽСƣϵƷ硣
ȻƷӦǴѿĶֻж̶̶ʮ׵ľ룬ʮҲôߣƷ統Ȼû⣬ؼǻҪŰǵİȫ
ͻȻһ֮УһӰ£һ޴ʯͷķڰǵϡ
ʱƷѾ֮ףʯ£תȥ
һ£Ʒ羹ΧʯԾ𣬿һǾʯն˹ȥ
飡
һ죬𽣵ȴǿһ㽫ʯ˺Ϊ롣
ϧһ̣Ʒȴ˶סˡ
ΪһȻƿ˾ʯȴ޷ȫʯȥ룬˳أȻŰǵȥ
ã
˹֣ʯµٶʵ̫ˣҹΧ㣬ԶȻʵǿĹ֣˾޴ʯ飬ǵļǿᣬҲȻ޷ӹ٣ѾǾˡ

Ʒ粻ʵĴһųֱȥ
ϧ̫ˣƷ绹û
䣡
һ죬Ƭ͵ҡһʯ¡
еһʯУƺĳֶ֧һ㣬ȴ͹ʯҫǿҵɫâ
Ʒ㵣ΪȻܸоǵϢ
ϲ֮£Ʒ£ǿʯУݵһնȥ
һǿ͹ľʯƷһΪ˼룬Ʒ㼤ĿһɫĹ֧һƬСĿռ䣬պýǶ˽ȥ
˹һղŲΪأоþδܻ
ͷȥ˫֧ǵɫâ
ϣ
˹򶼲ŵľסˡ
˵һЦǺǣħѾƽˣҵħȻҲǽˡ
ԭˡ
˻Ȼ
ˣȱ˵ЩϽȥҪƷ罹Ľе
˲ԥƷǴѿĶȥΪǶϲĿѷŹâҲʹſͨ档
գۣƷѾߵǶǰԥѷһ
һ
ѷн˳ƬʯҲǾҵҡһʯ䡣
Ʒ󾪣ԼĹ޷ѷƿڣΪѷʵ̫ˡʹƷýƿڣʱȫȫıˣʱǲʵôǿҪѹΪ⽴
֮£ͻȻǰ˵Ϸɣ
һ㶣뵽˿ϵķʥǿߣССѵõأ
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ʱ䣬һǿҵɫâסƬӿֳһӴԪء
ţ趯ֵƣΧԪ̼ڹ˵С
͵ģ˴һ
ɳУ
һ£ǿҵɫâѸپΪһţڹǿľ֮£Ƿ׷׼Ƕڵѿ֮С
ţ˼һĻˡǾ۽ɫâͱˮһ㣬ڽѷ֮УĽʯڻˣȻγһתУԽתԽ󣬺ܿγһֱСĶڣâֱӴӶ˽
гڣ
ļϲĶ
˵ˣڿǻںϻȥģ˵
һڿĶ֮Уһһ˳ȥ
ֱоյĴӶг֮ʱ
һ죬ǿ͵һ𣬶Ѿȫıˣ˹̳
ƷǸе㵵ľǣǾһİĵطǰɼһƬźɫɭ֡
֣ʱĵطƷ羪ѹ۲쵽˴˵ص촦
ԥˣڿΣգǻǿЩϻȥɣ˲˵
漴˱һȳС
ƷǱҲžİΣûٳɣž߽С
Уʲôر𣬵ǰʱƺоЩ̫һ֪ƶЩʲôЩʲô
ֵþϲľǣƬУھѾ˺ܶ࣬ƷĸоԲһж޷кգɴȫǰ塣
˲ãƷͻȻǰˮ
ˮ
һ
ûƷ϶˵ھ֮⣬Ҹоˮ
ûˮӦҵ·ˣ˾ϲ˵
ţ²˳٣ǸϽȥƷصĵ˵ͷ
ȴһ˼ӣƺǲЩطԾһʱ˵
ֱãƷǴɭг֮ʱӭůĹ
ûǰǰĲԶ֮е׵С
ڳˣ˹ϲɫ
Ʒʣģ
û´Ļħɭֻһطˮüͷ˵ʼе˲
ʲôطһ
صĻصʥ򣡡
ʥޣ
ٴξסˡ
ƷȻ򣬳صʵû´Ļһʼֵͨĵһ·ڰɣ
ţûЩɫĵ˵ͷ
ˣʥҲǲģֻǲҪȥŭĻ;Բµģ߰ɡ˵˵ĵĻǵÿЩϻؾ壬ΪѾʼеǿҵĲ
֮ʱ˻ʱ̾ţϾʥ޵ҪʥͻȻĳĻ¾ǴֶöԸɡ
ǣֵľǣѾ֮ʱȻκεĶ
Ʒ˵ľ󣬵̽ΧʮķΧ֮ڣûиоκϢǾ͸˵ʥˡ
ƷȴأͻȻɫһ
ˣʥڰе߼ԴŽңԼѡڶ·ߵģû˹Ǿֻһֿܣ˹Ӧɵһ·ߣҲǱضҪʥ򣬵оκδ򶷳ͻĺۼҲ˵
뵽ڴˣƷȻɫ䣺ãΣˣ


107 ħս
Уλϣ˹ǧĺڰš
ŮǺþò˹Цš
Ƿŭʵ˹ҷ󣬴˴ǾΪ⣿
ⲻڷϻ𣿡˹ͷЦߣˣԭǺڰҲģȴǱǸˣǺڰѾǧˣ
Ůּ⣡
ޣʲôּ⣡˽
ߣǺڰ岻а֮˺Ҿ壬ŮᶯŭңʱŮûϳǣֻǽѣ¸ѾãҲһ⣡ڲַǾ壡ŭ
ЦȻǺڰȷʵǱҲǵһУûԼĶд𣿡˹
Ǵ뾫ʱʹˣ۶Ź˹
˹мĺߵڲ㳶̸Ǿڱصã
𣿡͵ĺеķȣλϵΧһߣŭĿӡ
ƾǣİһλɷĸߴ۵ĴӺڰȺվ˳
һˣоڵһǿϢɫ䣺
ʥޣ
ŮȻмʶμ棬͸úôкʥԳһЦ
һʵì⣬Ϊ޹֮ˣΪҪǣУ
ǺǣֵǺ飬ãǾУҪĶʥԳЦš
ߣԻΪ̰صĴۣ
ôоôľʣأҪԸ˵ĻҪ۵ǰɡʥԳ֮Աǡ
ߣԸЩһǾ㹻һλ鳤̲סŭ
ˣ˹Цʵ綼ˣû´ĻѾǵ˶ҪǻǾ壬ͲűƲǣ
㾡ԣһһӣһ޴籩ϯ˹ȥ
籩ǷϵħеľżħƻΪʥеţżħ˲ͷţ硣
ӣ˹˷ܵһЦ͵һչǰųһǿҵĺڹ⣬μΧӡ
ģγһ޴ڰ粨ռ䶼ƺһ㣬ؾ
쫷粨
˹һ͵һƹȥ޴ĺڰ粨һޱǿ֮ǵϯľ޴籩б˹ȥ
쫷粨ͬǺڰеľżħǿаޱȣ쫷粨룬ǽʼǿߣҪ˺塣
䣡
ǿķ粨ɿ˳ֲƻ֮ţӴ磬ϯŰŴأ쳾ҶɽΧЩڰ飬ѾֵĲˣ֮ϽʥԳǿֲɳиеѹ
أвϵĻŷȣϵͷųڵħȻͬԵħͬǶƿأ˭ƿ˭ܹʤ
˹һľԭΪʵû뵽򷴶ԭȽʱҪǿࡣ
ԣϣҲСȫĿħתơ
ʱĴİΣǰӴĺڰǲò֡
λϣŷˮħԣԭΪά֮ȥ񣬵֮裬ѻָħȻδﵽ۷弶ħˮƽҲӵʥʦʵ
ɣλϿʼɢ˿Ʈ˰У趯ţۣĹͨŻԾԪء
ʥԳһߣһȺͷǣ
͵ģʥԳκ
һ̣ʥԳѾֵһλϵǰͳһȭŭͷȳһȭ
һһȭٶȾޱȣǴһޱȵǿλϵš
ۼʥԳΪԼһȭԺλϵ֮ʱλ͵һ˵˫ۣһ޴ˮͻأӿ
ʲô
ʥԳɫ䣬һʱ޷ȫķӦִ֮£ֻܽǸȭͷǺˮֱ˹ȥ
һ
ʥ޵ȴǰԵһȭ˲ˮˮӰ
ʥԳϾǲִµһδֱȫǺ֮£Ҳǹǿıը֮
ǳɫһȵ󣡡
䣬λϱڿзţֵĹ켣ĬѶɬ
ʥԳɫ䣬ΪѾоѾһԼеǳϢ
ߣװŪǣ
ʥԳһ˫͵һ̤
һ˲ѶʥԳɫ֮⣬ĳٲһĳ
ûʥԳΪʥޣǿ֮⣬ӵΪϵħż֮µħҲȫ˲
ʥԳɲ˲ħȫеԪѾԾķǱѰ
ãҪ䣡峤Ͼ
ߣɣˮ鳤ͻȻֹӰֲϣĬؼˮԪؿٵĻۣռƮˮ
Ⱥŭ𣡡
һϵѿĵ֮Уһ޴ˮԤ׵ĳƶ
飡
Ƭˮ̼㽫ƵԪظɢˣƿһĴɣˮ׷ŤһˮͰֱӽʥԳΧС
쵰
ʥԳŭһû뵽仹δѹǱǰ˼ˮħˡ
ݣ
ʥԳһ㵣ΧסԼˮ֮Уһľ޴кϮ룬ıվڵеʥԳ
ʥԳٵһһǷʵ̫࣬ʥԳֻѡϿгƶȥ
͵ģʥԳ˫˿Ӷǿĳ£հĳ
ⲻ֪ЩΧˮʶһ㣬ʥԳų֮ߣһˮͬʱʥԳӿ
ʥԳɫ󾪣֮£ֻڳ˫ۣƳȥ
䣡
Ƭˮ۵ʵ̫ǿˣʥԳȻǳ˳ȺˮĿ͹ǳ֮ǽʥԳء
ʥԳ˫ŸһŵأǵͻȻ侹Ǳ̶һ㣬ɫ֣͵һ˲䱻˽ȥ
ԭ鳤ڵбħѾ˲Ϊ̶ʥԳ޷ֻܱ˽ȥ


108 ĳ
λ鳤ʵȣĬʥԳӵʥ򼶵ʵһʱҲԶԸ
ʥԳԿҲǱ׵ļŭˡ
𣡡
һŭĺݵ̶Ȼɽ˴Ƭһǿҵɫâű˳
ţһӰĴ̶
˿жֵľǣǾһֻԳߴʮףӴѪɫĶŷ䵶¶ȫ˻ɫëűըԵļ塣
ʥԳѾԳˣʵɱСС̶ֻ֮˫ϥ֮еȶѡ
ãѾֳˣǸϽס羫鳤Ͼе
λϲٳɣмĬδɵзˮĴԪر纣ˮӿҫ۵Ĺ⻪Ԫ̼γʵʻѤԪ֮⣬ʥԳӴܱߡ
֮裡
鳤ϳһһչж޴ĻŤֱʥԳϯȥ
ͬ˲סʥԳӴӿϣǽëͨͨȼ
ʥԳŭܵӱ鲼֮ʹ˫͵һȫɫĹⲨͬһ㣬Ȼ佫Ļɢ
֮裡
羫鳤ϵħҲˣһĺХ֮һƬεĻ⳯ŷŭеʥԳϼ˹ȥ
ʥԳɫһͳĺһף
͵ģɼʥԳӴ֮УһƬƬĽɫٵĸסȫ£ȫ˸ּһ㣬ɱӡ
飡飡
һϮ֮УǷ׷˿ֻǻʥԳЩѣκεʵ˺
ʲô
羫鳤Ͼסˣû뵽ųķйħ޷ƿʥԳķ
ʥԳóѣͷŭɫâһȼеԪطı
Ȼ䣬һӰưƾѹ£λ鳤ϸ̧ͷһȴǳ׵ľסˡ
ʯ
ûǴʯ
ħΪżϵħħһоͻƬľʯȻֱӴӸ߿ȫƾ£Χ㣬ɱ¡
λ鳤ϴ󾪣Ƭʯ˸߶ȳ£˿̼Ǹ޷չħӲƴ˵Ǻ޴ġ
λ鳤ϱƾŽСӣڴƬʯĽ֮Уš
飡飡飡
һ죬бʯҳһ̵ľ޿ӣλ鳤϶üΪǱ
ʯʵΪ̫࣬ϣλ鳤ϱסʱգһƬǽ塣
羫鳤ϽĴһˮϣϣڻȳȥ
⻰ˮ鳤鳤϶ƺ׷羫ͼпʼ𲽽ӽ˷羫鳤ڡ
羫鳤ƺѿ׼Ŀ꣬һľʯڵķ֮ħһ߷ıǣΧȻǿ
Ȼ䣬ľʯ֮Уһ޴εض𣬾ŵĿ绺˾ʯĳ֮ƣǽľʯƫ뿪켣
ᣬ鳤ˮ鳤ϵžʯƫİȫǶмٵķɴ˳ȥ
һӣˮ鳤鳤ϱ뿪˾ʯĹΧ
ټλ鳤ϲٳɣͬһƣĬΧˮԪԪؿʼĳλ鳤ϵӿ˳ȥ˼ľǣȫˮԪأǺ޵ִΪһ壬λ鳤˲㱻ӴˮԪظâʢ
͵ģλ鳤ͬʱ˫ۣϵͬ
ںħˮƣ
Ȼ䣬ӴˮԪأںΪһ壬ٵĻΪһ壬һҫɫľ޴ڿĦһƬ⻨趯Ǿ޴ӣ˽ʯȺС
飡飡
Ǹ߼ںħˮʯȺУ׷׳ʯϵеһУֱʥԳؿ֮С
һĳʥԳؿ֮УʥԳʹĴһӴӳһƬ
ʯͻȻʧȥʥԳĿƣڰ˲ɢعԪ֮Уλ鳤ϲŵ˿
糤ϣû°ɣ
ˮ鳤ϵǵ˹
羫鳤Ȼأĵ죡󣡡
λ鳤һڲ֮УͻȻһϤŭ֮ʥԳǵȥӴֻվ
Ļλ鳤Ѿȫıסˡʥޣ˵ı̬
λ鳤ٴйɵɢһߣԱ
ʼģֻһеս
ʱһߣ˹ȻŷƿȨڵħΪǿһʱԷֳʤ
ɫѾԵЩ԰ףҲ֧Ų˲á
˹ȴڣħԴԴһ㣬ıǡ
ŮվǾ帲ˣ˹Цš
ݡ룬ֻҪڣ㡭ͱóѣݺݵĻص
Ҳ㻹û״ɣ˴ǰɲֻǴңڰ壡˹Цһ漴Щڰ鷢˽
Ȼ䣬һƺƴĺɱЩŭкڰ飬趯צйӿȥ
ˣɫ䣬Լ޷Աȥֹڰ
һĻ򼸺ҪʹĵĿҪˡȻеľǶѰȫתƣеκһһľǾ
˹ƴˣ
ǳ׵ķŭˣдѪڵħ͵ĴǿеͽȻü磬һӱ㷴ѹ˺ڰ粨
˹мĺߵûõģҵʵѾ쵽ﵽˣôŬ㶼޷Խҵģ
˵꣬˹ǰһѹڰ粨ϯԽԽ죬ѹƣһֱڰ粨ѹ˻ȥһʤһ
ʱڼֹ£ǧײеĺڰ飬Ҫƽ˾ء
λ鳤򶼸Աţ޷ֿʹˣǾ֮£ҪֹʱҲ޷ˡ
ȻЩڰҪӿ֮ʱһĺӰƾն֣ڿ͵ĺڰȺǰԶ֮
ǵӰʲô飬һλ۵аߣߡ
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ɭޱ飬һ򵱹֮ƣһڵеķȣܱߵĿʼ
ԶƴеĹ˹ͻȻŹŹֵɭüͷһ壬Ԥӿͷ
һ̣ΪɭҪû˺ʱ
ɭͻȻһ֮𣡡
䣬ɭеķȳغһ
̼䣬һɫĻͽȻ͵ضʱһųʮ׵ľǽĵ档

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ڰħ֮𣡡˹ŵĿĻʹŭıѪ˿˫ۡ
͵ģ˹ŭαļŮǾ廹ڿ˵Ǻڰ年а֮ˣǾΪλаĺڰħʦ
ڰˣҲкû֣֮οڰǾ壬㣬ֻһζҪȺǾ壡ص
ߣܺãǾһУ᳹׵ĸ𣡡˹ǳصķŭˣһֿźڰ粨һָ߾졣
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˾ȵףƷֻϣǿΪԼȡʱ䡣
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תͷȥƷЦվҫǿҵɫ⡣


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ǡСĵ㣬һﲻöԸֻ˳Ʒ˼Ӧ
ţһġƷֻ΢΢˵ͷ˫ȴǽڿյĹ˹
Ϊ˲ƷսĬĬ˵ԶΧҲȻˡϾڽг˿ԴҶѧ˲ҿ̫ˣֲ̫Զּսɲ˵ܼܼġ
Ȼ䣬ټĿռ䣬ֻʣƷ˹
Сӣ˭Ǿ֮ì⣬ΪΪҪ֣˹ĶƷʵ˵лĪĶԴʱֵŮеЩη塣
ˣƷһЦ²ŭ˵ǸղһͬʥҲӦ˰ɣ
˹һ£ɫ͵һߣȻ£ҲͲ⽫Ҳһͬˣ
˭˭һءƷ絭ȻݵĻص
ǿɾҪˡ˹Ŀһ裬˫ֱ죬ٴ
ţһɿֲʵѹֱƶ£ȫԵĳƷ硣
ⲻ֪˸еľǣƷ羹ȫûиеη塣
͵ģƷ˫һɣ˫ȭս֮Уһصˡ
ͻȻƷͷһƺǱĻɽһ㣬һȫԽ༫޵Ϣӿ˳
һ̣ǿֲϢ֮£˭𺧸оģǲ
˹ǳԾĺϢ


113 
ûΪ˶Ը˹ƷѾǱصȻĸˡ
ƣˣ˹һȻɫš
ǶôңԶһ־磬ҲǶôµһ
ʹˣ˹Ƿ˰Ļڵĺڰħ
Ҳзϣˡ
ɣ˹ͻȻƾճһ̺ɫ飬һޱȺڰϢű˳
ˣɫ䣺ڰ飡
ڰ飬֮һ飬ڰ̺Ӵĺڰ
ʱ˹źڰ飬ɫߣСӣȻ֪ӺҾԲ׷һ̣Ҷ֪˶ˣҲ޷ֹң
͵ģ˹ͻȻеĺɫ̽˶档

һҰļ˹͵ıһǿҫ۵ĺڰâֲϢ纣˰ӿѹ˿ȥеĺڰУ
ʱ䣬ذа䡭ָĺڰ˾С
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ɣһж᳹׵Ļ𣡡
Цؼ
ƷȻ˫ȭе
֪ǿޱȣһǵõ޷ܹĴۼ󣬿ܻΪܲס
Ʒ粻ͬյĥƷ粻˵ǽǣһ˵ȴǿʮԼںûģĵľȴǼΪĲء
һ̣Ʒ粻κεԥ˹ҲѪˣǺڰļֵǱѰô˹ڵĺڰħѾǿ˺ü¶ﵽʥµħˡ
ڰڰڳ˺ڰǺڰ
˹趯Źƣƺڻؼϵڰоƣ޾Ŀնڰ֮Уһδ֪µϢ˿
ϢѾԽ˽Ϣ
һ㣬ķѵʱ伫ǰѹΪ£ƻγɣýӽܺһ
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ǣоǣѾȫϣƷϡ
ƷҲо˹˹ԼڵѾٷְٵļڳǿȻ˾ǻڿն
˹һоƷϢвٳɣ־죬ڵĺڰħעĺڰ֮С
䣡
һ𣬵һ󣬹ѶȺֶɢ
ţڰƵԽԽ죬ǳһƬƬĺڰźڰŵתתǹѹƺ춼Ҫһ㡣
ھǣҲ޷ɿֲƣʵģֱӱѹΣѪʵǿģҲǱ׷ѹޱܵڵأǣһӣƵͨ졣
ҡһ󣬾ֵεĺƣĵառڰ䣡
ռڰ䣬ǽںڰĿ½䣬ȻԶԶͨռڰ䷢֮ǰذϢơ
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޾ĺڰ֮֮ħ֮壬Ϻڰ֮»꣬ô󺣱ΪѪأΪ֮־壬һнΪޡ
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ˣ
УƺѾʼԵþˣһԵ˵ΪʱƷȻκεĶ
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ǣʹˣλ鳤ǣƴ۳һԵñ΢ķħϾܹûеĺá
ͻȻƷ˫͵һڿʼˡ
ǿ֮󣬼Ķˣ˫۽ĶƷӰϣϲɫ
ڣ˵ǣʣµĺڰǶšѾΪΪǵߣѾǵˡ
֮У˹ҲƷͻȻĶɫһɼӿħͷţȫļռڰħĿ֮С
֮ʥ
һ׺͵ͻȻޱȵƷͻȻһ־գһǿҵİɫâҫ˳͵Ϣϸԡ¡
Ȼ䣬˽Ǿģƽ
ǿĹħ
˶סˣȻƷֻǼ򵥵ʽڸȻԵʣǿƾ䡣
һ̣𾪵һĻˡ
ƷһŰâȫ
Ȼڳһ֣ذһص
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Ȼ䣬֮䣬ϢıȣһĻƾն֣ڿлķţѤޱȡ
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˹ɫѾˣƷѾͬʱʩչϵǿħˣʵ̫ˡ
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ˮ֮ᣡ
һº͵綯˵ɣƷ¶һΪɫɵչ˿
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ǣЩˮ֮ʱԵ˵Ѻã˴໥ţţȫûκεĵִ
ؼ䣬ƺֻʣɫʣһĻĺгһ̵İݡ
Ʒԡʥ׹⣬ȻԪ統У⣬ƷƺѾƾȻĸоȥԼеĶˣ趯ţӴԪȫΧƷζš
˹ȫԾһĻ૵ľ̬Ĺ


114 Ȼ
ϵħˮڣΪ֮˽Ĺ˹Ѿ׵ľסˡ
ǿҵ£˹ʼԽӽںڰħͷţκξʼЩ
򵥵˵˹ǿʼˡ
𾪲޾ʹ˽
ţƷֲϣƽչͷ
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ƣһ
䣡
һŤţͬһš
أºͣ˿ƺǱŭһ㣬ޱȵĿ񱩡
Ǿ֣ڵ浴µǿƲ֮УǱվȣ׷ڵأҡĵӣȫʧȥƿء
ϵħ
˹һεľ֣ǰһĻʵ̫ˡ
ϵħƷѾչֳϵħÿһϵ̺Ѿﵽ˽伶ơ
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ԭĹ˹Ѿʼе˾
˹ǳĲģ֪ܵУȻǹעһռڰѾηˡ
ԣڱȵ˭ħĿ졣
Ȼ˹ЦһڽӴĺ֮С
ţƺǵõĳĿƣڼµŨھΪһţȻй״Ρ
һ̣ƺǺڰҪʧһ㣬ֲϢͻȻʧ˲Ψпڳεĺš
ûռǰĶƽ
ţһܾͻ֪Ľˡ
ƷأƺѾһУ趯ÿһǣħԪص
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ʱ䣬ͻȻı仯һ㣬ʵĹâӴԪ֮ǹʧˡ
һ̣˵ľˣƽڿյƷ磬ֻǾ죬Ľ˫ۣһ㶯ûУʹâҲʧˣһжƽˣƺһжδһ㡣
ѵħʧˣ
˿ޱתһĻ쳹׵ľˡ
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ǰƷ羹ǵƾ֮͵Ԫ֮壬ȻǽңԶе䷢˳
ڣǳ˲ţޱȵļ
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ϧҲһУ̼仯ΪС
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ռ䣬ͻȻͣסˣһУֱ˺˿ֲϣȫİݣҵĿ֮磬ޱȾϢ
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ϧĳϡ
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һ죬ռһ󣬺ڰ޽ȻıƷ翴ƽ˫ֵסˡ
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죡ȵĹ죡û˸ȥǰޱȵ߸һĻ
ֻ˼ĿˣûȻ֮ԴȻȻеİߡ
ƷһЦ
Ȼ֮䣡Ĺȣ
ɲȻ䣬Ʒϣһޱҫ۵ɫâǱըһ㣬׵ͷ˳
âȫסƷӣȫסǰѺڰ޽źڰ纣˰ӿϡ
ڰ֮УһӰ˹˹ǳŵͫס
ܣԲܣ
𽥵ıʵĹâû˹ڼȵʹ֮УǰѺڰ޽Զʧʥʹâҫ֮¡
䣡
һ춯ص죬ʹâɢ˿ΪĲɫ㣬紺ϸ꣬źгȻ֮磬˴ء
Щ㣬ǻħһ㣬ڲƵĴϣѿĵ澹ϡڵϣ˲³̲ݡ˵ϣϵѸٵĻָ
һУľξһĻ˶ǰһС
ΪһУʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ
ʵĹâ֮УƷƣ۶ϲЦһЦԸԳٴα˫ۡ
޵ʹ䣬ȻҪ鹦ȻŮԼµƷϾʵԼڵħѾȫĿݽߣĴˡ
γģƷ˱ȫĴе
ʱһӰŷȥѾסƷ硣
жʥĺᱧžӢۣƮ


115 
Ի͵ĴʥĽá
֮УλʮµòŮӣͷͷڣɫ£ɫ£ֳ־°ɫȡ
ʱŮƺؿʹһᰴţŷȱӣɫԵЩ԰ףΪܵӡ
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һͻȻһλµӹ˴֮Сպձǵڼǰĺ´̣ˡ
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ԭλŮӱǴ½и߸ϵĹ̻͢ʣά˿
ά˿ɫصĵϢƺоһּΪϤĸоúȥһ°ɣܾЩ
ţһȥúõġ˹
ˣ˴λֺҪϢûУά˿ͻȻʡ
ϢûУȴһطһȤˡ˵
Ȥˣά˿ɻסˣú˸Ȥˣ¾ûô򵥡
漴˾ǽڼ֮£һһĽ˳ԵΪûκοŵĳɷ֡
ά˿ϢҲһ𾪣Ȼ¡
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ǲµˣһҪΪ͢ãеĻǾͲɳȥˣȻܻԹ͢ĵλвά˿ɫĮĻص
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ţȥˡά˿˵תźˡ
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ֵľǣ˺ڰϮھƺûзκεı仯еľȴ֪ܹȹΣѣǶǹƷĴڡ
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ȻңǰһּĳסƷߣһ˵̫ˣˣɲ֪жൣ㣬ŮҲ˵ˣ˾̴ȥ
Ʒɻ󣬵˼ʱԵЩңҲû˵ʲô߬ԼŮ
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ǺǣˣԺӦò˰ɡƷЦһЦ
ţ˹ѾˣڰȺףѾ˰ɡԵúΡ
˵ҲǡƷ˵ͷ
ˣƷ磬мһֱģΪʲôѶ񲻼أѾȥˣɶ֪ӰʵɫԵüΪĵǡ
ԣƷȴǴ󾪣ͻȻʣŮڻжˣ
һˡȻЦ
ʲôһˣƷȴǳ׵ľסˣĵˣ
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ȻһȻƷֳĶɻסˣǵĸ˳ȥ
ʱƷѾһյУóһΪС
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һ
΢һһʽķ˳
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Ѿ׵ˣƷϵĶ̫಻˼ˡ
Ÿ˼ľǣǸžȻԶˣƷֱ˽ȥ
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ΪǵУͬʧѾõĿǣǱħһ㣬һһֵ˵ǰ
һĻȫɵˣֹƷϵĶЩѾȫ߸˳ˡ
̫ˣڳˣ
Ǵг׷׼ϲĸ̾šȻҪǿʮմҲǻἫΪķꡣ
ƵľǣǶ𸮵ˣûκȨ뿪𸮣ҪƷͻȻ뵽ǳȻǶ챻ƻˡ


116 ʥ֮Ѫ
Ʒ磡һȻǹôãĳƷ
ֻһʱ𣬲Ǵ治Ǻܺ𣿡Ʒ粻ɱۿȡ
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ȣҸоͻˣԵüΪļ
ҲǣĦ˹ս˫ȭȫǿ
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һɲ̽ڵ״ǳԾҡҲͻˣ
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һ
Ħ˹ǳԾʣô˵Ѿﵽħʦˣ
šϲɫͷ
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㿴ôĺô㻹ڹءƷۿȡ
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Ħ˹ȴ˷ܵʵˣƷ磬ڰЩһûɱȫɶǳ޴ӷй
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ƷʵƷ磬Ըô𣿡˶٣ֲɾ𸮣ʣʲôô
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Ѿǳ׵ľסˡ
֮УռֻһĴȫûκεĿǾԲԴģɼǵжô𺧡ǲţǰȴչֳʵʵ̫ˣﴫ½еĻһ
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ֱ˾һƬյزƬУԶԶڵصһӰ
ǰǱԾļǰȻȥľޣǾţֻ΢΢ģ
ʥޣ

ĻҲǾúԵúܳˣݾƷ硣
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ǱȻ˿ȻƷٲһƣǾıȫ鿪
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찡
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Ʒ罫ʥħУ±Сʥ޵ħֵɲСƷҲûôͳȥˣԺҲܷء
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Ʒ񣬻ͷʵˣŮһʬԴˡ
£
Ʒ˵꣬ȴǼæ
ţƷһ㶡
ﵱ˹ȥó˸ԭװˮСӣߵʥԳƿؿУѪҺװ˺棬һ˷ܵ˵ʥ֮ѪӶӦɡ
ţҲǡƷ΢΢˵ͷ
ʥ֮ѪӶ棬Aϵ˵ĻӶŵĵȼһˡ
ֱʱƷ緽ʩչϵħʥԳʬ峹׵ķˡ
˵һУҲǽˡ
һ֮У̾Ϣ⵽˾䣬ҪƷĴڣ־Ͳˡ
˵ҲǱˡ
ԣΪ˱ƷǵĶ飬ҹ֮ʱھٰһγɹᡣ
ᣬΪӭмƷǶ׼ģȻ˵㣬ҲǾһı
һεᣬȻòǺݳޣȴ˿ġƷ͵˾赸ĸǳԵ˾ζĹʵơ
һ̣ҲΪ˴ļ䡣
ϧľǣһε֮ҲӦ˵Ʒ׼ʱˡ
룬ƷҲھ˲ʱˣȻܲҲ飬Ʒȴصòѡ뿪ˡˣѲǾľʹ˽ˣ֮δҵĻ廹ⲻĲҾ硣
ӣӼ뿪ҲˣƷҲһˡ


117 
գ峿֮ʱھ֮⣬㼯˾еоǡ
Ϊһ죬ӣƷǾҪʱ뿪ˡ
ʱλϣаЩϤˣվ˾Ⱥǰ棬ǲᡣ
Ůλϣ״磬иλѣĹúܿģΪǻҪرҪ飬ò뿪ˣԺһġƷϵ˵
ҲǣǶϲЦݣǵȻҲϲӹɵġ
ɭᰣѾû˼룬ֻޱĹƷ
ǺǣǾʱӭǡ΢΢Цţɴó˸ɫСƿӣ΢΢ߵƷǰ˹ȥƷ磬ɼʥˮҲԴˮżǿ޸ãԺҲõš
ʵ̫ˣҿܲ𡣡Ʒһ̿֡
ǺǣƳˣΪǾô࣬Ӧõģ㲻ܡһ˿Ҫӡ
ǺðɣллˡƷֻεĽˡ
˫Ʒ磬˵Ʒ磬ԺǾͰˡ
ţİɡƷ˵ͷȻ˵ʲô˼ˡ
Ʒ磬ǳȥɡͻȻǰ˵
ǺǣǾ鷳״ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
漴ھĲ֮£ĿƷǵȥ
֮
ƷѾ׻͵˾⣬һУûзκεı仯ֻԵýΪЩ
˷״磬͵ͿˣԼԻȥˡƷ粻˵
ţ·ϿҪСġײǰƷ˸ܱǵԺҪ
ţġƷ絭˵
ĬĬĿĻû˵
Ϣ֮£ƷǱɭʱķʽӶ֮ǵĻ·

ǣΪʥԳȥԵʣħɭУħ޾ǱûԾЩӶɭ棬⵽ħ޵Ϯ
֮£ʵȽӶ㶼ֻ˳ħɭˣֵľǣһЩǻħɭֵӶ˷
üСӶڽħɭֺ󣬾Ҳûгˣö֮˶Ϊʥ޷ˣ㶼ʱħɭˡ
ħɭУҲƺɭУĪĳһɭɱ
ˡ
ïܵĴУͻȻλӣһλɫĮϷӹ˵
ţ˵Ϸޱĵ
ǡ˵ǰɭѾûӶûˣҸղǷħɭһӶŵˡ
ߣǲҪҵˣЩȸˣȱ̽˵Ϸ˵
ţھͷԸȥЦ
ȥɣҲ׼ðɣǵĻʱҲȽϺöԸϷӳ˵
ǣȥ졣˵꣬ѾǱǺڰС
ҹʹԭᰵɭ֣ԵԽӵ
ҹ֮УвϢʱʱ磬ֱ壬ΪҹɭʱпͻȻĳֻ׶ħޡ
ʱƷߵС
Ʒ磬ôоԽԽˣһֻħ޶ûз֡Ħ˹ͻȻ˵Ϊ·ɱħѾˣͻȻ䵽ʲôûˡ
ǰҲܾܹ֡ȸ˵ΪħʦӦҪȿǿˡ
Ʒ˵Ǻܹ֣ΪΧѾء
ʲô
˾סˣӡк˻Ӷ֮⣬Ѿûгˡ
ǻ᲻ǻӶŵˣﾪʵ
ӦòǣоϢҪȻӶŵʵǿ̫ˣǿҶ̫öԸƷ˵
һƷ綼˵öԸˣ˻жΣգ
ǿ죿ѾȫȨƷˡ
в򲻶ǻ֪ǰʲôǾڴͣɣߡƷ˵
ţǾЪЪɡ˵ͷҲǱʾû
ƷǱɭ˻𣬸ɴԭϢˡ
ɭǸڣϾɭᰵʵѾﵽڰʥʦľˣʥǿǰĻӦӦòģԴҶȽϷġ
ȻںڰУһ˫˳Ʒߡ
ɭһӱȥԺȴͻȻƷɭȱҶ
͵ģɭᰱеͣӰ
ʱǺڰеҲ𽥵ʧС
ߣҾ͵ԼƷ簵ߵ
һֱƷɫƷɫЩ仯ʣôʲô𣿡
ǺǣûСƷ΢΢һЦ˵Ǽװʲô֪Լǰɡ
ߣҪǸҹĻҾһնǡĦ˹˵
ȱ˵ˣҶӶ˰ɣҾΪ㿾԰ɡ
⣿
ûƷЦЦƾձ˼Ƭƺʵ顣
Ʒ磬ģﾪʵ
Ǻǣʱ𱪵ģصЩƷƻЦЦ䣬ûб¶ڿУʻʵġ
Ʒ׼չֿˣˮֱ
ɣƷŷЩƯȻۻʼԿк濾š
Ȼ⿴ƼΪ򵥣ȴǼΪħΪƷѾȫĽϵħϵħںϵһ𣬾ЩħʦƷȻǱֻ֪ĻҪǱѪɡ
ʱںڰУֳֵϷӵߣ˵ĿѾͣסǰˡ
ţô£ѵǷˣϷüͷ
ûУֻϢѡЦڳᶯ֣ܽɱֲ
Уٵһɣܾûô򵥡
ǣ
ˣǶú𣿡
úˡ
ţǾͽǶȵȰɡ
Сףȥ
˵꣬˺ڰС


118 
ۣ㰡
˸̰ʵ⣬ˮֱ
ʱƯŵУѾ濾ˣһŨŨ˵ζѸٵ˳ȥЩж֮ˣȻҲŵһ˵ζ
ϴ󣡺㰡
һںڰ
ƨҺúõĶǣ
̰۹ȴѳǹζѾƵڿԵҽˡ
˵ʵڵģǶħɭôˣÿ˸ǸģԵöˡ
ǰһ˵ζǶ޲óȥһˡ
ƷǵǺˣõ飬һһַ˳ȥ
˽ӹ飬ȫû̻ʵĴ˺ҧԵǽζ
㰡̫ˣʵ̫óˣ
ǰǰƷֵܿǴ½ζģ
ιιеôһ󣡲Уǻ
Уĺû

ѾԵÿ췢ˣȻ޼ɵĴ
ЩڰеˣֻܿͰ͵ţߵĿˮδ£ֲɲ֪Ǳжܣ޲ýƷǸж˿ˣⲻջ
ɭҲɡ
ƷʱѾߵޱɭǰе˹ȥ
ллүɭ᰻еĽӹֱӱԡ
û취ɭѾȫû˼룬ֻѭƷ־Ʒ˵ʲôʲôκεԥɭҲԺԥĻȥ
ƷϺ޸ɭᰣ̾һҲܳΪѣǸжá
ϧɭƺƷ˵Ļһ㣬Ȼɫ˺ҧ飬ȴûνζֻܵӶѡ
ɣƷǿľʼɨΧɭֵĶǱһЦߣǻ̶ã
תƷֻصԭѽеԵһɶˣ¶һ˿ȡ
Ʒ磬ûаҶӻأȿͰ͵ĶƷ磬Ҳˣվ֮С
Ʒ粻ɴ˸СУǼ
˵ţƷǱħĴóЩ飬ĺ濾
㣬Ǽɢ˳ȥ
ǹ˵ζЩжص˶ˡ

ԭλӵԵЩơ
ţʲôϷӵʵ
ûʲôǺڿ⣬ӦעⲻǣҪھͳ֣һӡ
ߣҿͼɡϷߵ
ˣСľûС̿֡
ϷӱӣûоͺãԸȥɣѶ׼ã̶֡
ǡǣϲȥ
ߺϷӱTMDǹζʵ̫ˣӶ̲סˣУȵð
ɣϷѾںҹйȵţƷǵķ
˵ӶǱһλδ֪ĸ֣Ϸӹڽһ֮ʱҲǲ
ˡˣ㰡
˵ںҹɭ
Щڰжص˶ˣиϸóúڲŵĹŹֶ˫˸Ŵ⡣
ˣţ
кȻһ
ټЩڰж֮ˣԽеĺڲѸٵĽ˿ƷǱߵķ˹ȥ
̼䣬ɼǺڲ֮УɼƮɢһƬģĺɫĩ
׼ħ
һһλϣſеǽЩɫĩƷǵǱߡ
ԭǺ˾λϵħʦѾﵽħʦʵħǿ
Ʒüͷһ壬ϵĻͣһЦҾ
ɣƷ簵˷֮ħǿĿ֮£ǱƷѹ˻ȥ
ʲô
Ǻħʦɫ䣬оԷħֻԼ൱ѣû뵽Էħǲ֪ǿ˶ٱеƿȨƷϡ
Ȼ䣬ЩƬĺɫĩǿٵֱɢȥ
ѲƷɫ䣬Ʒƺʩչħ㲻κεľš
еǺħʦȴǿ֧ţڵħ챻ˣƴȥſǹƿȨ
ϧƷħʵ̫ǿˣһ͵ǿѹ˹ȥ
һ£
Ƭĺɫĩӿ˺ڰ֮С
ãҿɢ
ħʦһ
Ȼ䣬б㴫һɧ
ţһƬĲҽһӰзĳš
ǺɫĩżΪµĶԣľһմ˲ʴһմ˲ʵǿߣֻҪմⶾԣڵ̼ʧ
û뵽̶̵һƬɫĩöںڰеȥ˽ʮˣҽѾ˺еĺҹ
ȴȫľסˣӸղŷ飬Ǹʲôо֪ƷʹʲôرİУǽЩжص˸˲ٵ
쵰ɱȥ
ϷӴŭһû뵽ԼûˣǱ˸ݺݵһУŭѾﵽ˼㡣
Ĵ֮ˣܲסеŭһѤĶ֮ҫеĴΧ˹
ɱ
һƬҵĺɱһýݵĺӰĴ˳ƷѾȫİΧˡ
Ʒ絹νѺݺݵս𽣣һԾԾսӡ
ȴǱסˣ֪Χˡû뵽˾Ȼʮˣֲ˾䣬ѾԵЩʧˡ
һΣҲǿǵһɱ֡


119 ɱ
ƷķУֱѰŵк˶Ƴ
һѤĶӻɱڵǣ޲ƷǸûбֳκεη塣
ۼǰλʿӽɭͻȻתеķȣμһɹɳƵ𣺡ڰ
ڰħʦ
λʿȻɫ䣬о͵ĳʯѹš
ݵһ
Ʒ˲۳ķУΪƵϮĳλʿֱϮȥ

һҽУλʿδȫʶ㱻ͻķи˺ӣѪ
ƷɫһּٵıϬɫȻǴʦĸ֣Լл

ƷһһĻնһλ˺ն˹ȥ
ǺۼһϮûκǿϢȴĪıһɿµĽ

ƴĦ˻𻨣Ǻ˾ǱƷһ˳ȥ
һλˣͬǾ߱˴ʦʵƷϮͬʱ͵ȫһƷӭͷ˺ն¡
ۼһҪƿƷͷ­֮ʱƷ۹һ裬ٵתӣΪ˳ֵĻһỮ
Ǻͫױͻһеĳδն£вһȻʶ𽥵ʧΪĲѾһ̵Ѫڡ
ɼһٶжôĿ¡
ͨһ
Ǻ˱ĵȥΧɱĺˣǱƷɱεĽסˣ׷׽ƷǸΧǰ
ͻȻݵһеһǴܳλˣ⣬ǳǱ߹ȥ
ϧδǵǰȿٵ۳һˮڣǽʵʵİˮ档
飡飡
ǿҵ죬ȻˮڵķǿᣬҲ޷ֱӳʦĽ
άƬ̣ˮڱ㱻˿Ҳλ˵Ĺơ
ϧǿɲǻĻᣬһϬĽûλ˻δӦ㱻һĽؿڣ˸
ɣλ˵ˡ
Ʒ翴ĻοЦһЦΪǶѾ߱˷ˡ
ЩҲǱסˣû뵽ƷǵʵǿᣬûһǺǵġ
ƷɫᣬŽɨΧµʮλˡɭֺŷȣʱ̶ɢһɿµаϢЩ˾ǾµĲǰˡ
Ǻǣ
һЦȻɭֳ˼Ӱ˵ģӦþλվм䴦Ϸˡ
Ϸӵߣǻˣ˾߱˽ʵһǸղƷйССķϵħʦ˿üΪʣµʮˣСɫˣʵǿҲǽʦˣ㹹вǶӦ
ʱƷϷӣǾȵķ֣ϷӾǴﵽ˽ʼʵ
ͬϷӼƷɭᰵʱҲǱһȻȫĿ͸˵ʵǳƷ翴Ҳ̫Сˣʵȴ˵ǿᣬʵ̫ˡ
˭ΪҪڴǣƷʡ
˭Ҫֻһ⣬ҲǸᡣϷ䵭Ӧ
˵Ʒ
ǲӶŵˣϷ˫۽Ʒ磬нųƺƷĴʱԴһҵսһ㡣
ΣΣƷ˵
ǣǺúúǻȥǴˣǴҪǡǣһᣬǿˣұ˴˻ɡϷѹŭص
Ӧûһѡ񣬾ǶƷһһٵĳ
͵ģƷһǰһɨȥ
һû뵽Ʒ羹ǻͻȻ֡
ʱϷԵλ֣ͬʱǿҵĺɫâƷɨǿһ
䣡
һ죬ǿҵһ;ˣ⾹һ˿ȥ
͵ģƷһ֣ʵƷ粻ɱ˼
λָ˵һ֮£ŵ汻˿ʮԶƷһиûκһ˿ĶϢ˺ˡ
ϷҲסˣֵ͹Ʒʵ
Сӣǲʶˣ
Ϸĺ𳤽һǿϹ⶷һƬ̳ϷɱƷ硣
Ʒ޾ɫ΢΢ͷԿ˵ֵܣǱȣҪ֣˶٣ֳһĮɭ᰺˵ɭǵͷͽԸˣסҪڣ
ʲô
ϷЩǷŭˣƲ֪ԼռϷû뵽Ʒ˵ǻ˿
ߣǾͿûһڣ
ϷŭϷ󷽣ȫƣǵĳƷ硣
ȻһȵӰӵ˳еϷǰĵĶϷ򣡡
ϷһɭڳһƣжȻֳһĺڰС
֮Уһޱа֮ͽȻͱһǿ֮
ϷɫȻ䣬ǹɺڰиоʵֲ̫ˣǿֹסΣٵԾϿգջɫâɭᰡ
ɭᰵξ˲ƶһ㣬ԭػһӰɵĶ˹ȥ
飡飡
һը죬ɫâŰŵ潦һƬ
֮УƷǽýݵӰѳ˳ȥ
תۼ䣬Ʒ羹λ˵ǰһĺϮ
λ˻ΪڿˣƷͻȻָ޷ʱӦٶȣǽǷ˼Ŀ졣
ݣ
һһӶλ˵Ĳֱƿ̵Ѫڣͫ׵ɴţԼôһɱ˵ġ
£ܱߵĺ˷Ӧ׷׽ճƷǳɱ˹ȥ
λ֣ҲǿٵıƷ磬ĵĶһߣʼħ
ʱϷѾأΧ˶ѾɱĿȫסǰɭᰡܵĸоϼһһвɱˡ
ߣͷҾҪ
ϷеĳٵĻţһĽ⣬һ㣬ŭɱɭᰡ
ɭޱ飬һӣһףٶȿĹ졣
ǿĺڰħϷӴ󾪣ɼӿٶȣȥ
ǰĿҪˣɭᰵ͵һǻ˽ʮȫһģһӡ
ݣ
һƬĽȥ˲˺ɭᰣɫϷ֪Լһ˿ա
һ̣еһλɭѾϷӵһӣһɫ˹ȥ
ΣϷҲǼʱķӦ˹͵һתὣһɫĶâʢţǽһܡ
飡飡
ڰСڵһ㣬ĴɫУǿĳ֮ǱƵϷһˡ
ֱףϷӷסӰܱ߹һߵĺӰ
ףԭǰλûκθаϼһеôöԸ


120 
ʱʣµĺѾƷҵ˶
һȺ֪Сӣ
һλʦɱ˿ǡ
ȣϣ
ŭһгʢţٵĳλˡ
ʦ
λʦȻ󾪣û뵽ĿҲǾŴʦʵ
֮£һʱûзӦŭһɨһɫâȥ
飡
ɫâݺŰ˹ȥλ˵ֱһǱͬʱףȻ
ɢ
һλ˵ºΧĺҲȻĴɢ˿ʮλĽʦʵĺˣΧɱ˿
ɫһμٵһӹȥ˲׼һĿ꣬ӽֱȡȥ
ЩȻ󾪣û뵽ͻϮ֮£幥ĻЩûһǿĶ֣ʦʦȫڲͬһεʵ
ݣݣ
ͬʱƴȥ
һ
һƬ̳뿨ƴĺ˱ȥгıõ
ţٵһ̤ǰ˳һͦ˹ȥ
꣡
ֱؿڣǺ˫۵ɴţš
ɱ
Щ˫۳죬ŭĻӽΧɱ˹
һĴЩе϶˹ȥеĳ˳һϹȥ
ݵһ
һʺѪ飬ɽλǰƿһ̵Ѫڣֱȥ
̫ˣ˿ﱾѾﵽ˴ʦʵ𸮵ռ֮УٶҲһĴʦǿҪǿˣЩ˸ͲǿĶ֣ҲɱԽ˳֣Щ˾¶
ЩҲǴʮУǷֳˣͷǱ߳ɱ˹ȥ˵ֻʣ¿ǿûвˡ
ϧǶˡ
ʱȫƶȥ֮ʱĦ˹׿˵϶ͬʱǿҵɫâ
ʦ
λ˴һһ˵ʵҲǿ̫˼ˡ
֮£ߵĺ˷ֱĦ˹׿˹ȥ
飡飡
ǿ죬˫˫ʦʵƴǿĳֱ˸Ա˿Ȼλ˵ľҪЩ
мλȴǳû˸ӣɫɱһƽĿȡ
С椣Բˣ
Цһֱһſȵͷն¡
ۼǺΪҪɥԼһ֮ʱ
͵ģɫһѾõħڱ˳
֮
һȴǰһɿµɱһɫı˲ɡ
ħʦ
ɫ֣һ˲䣬ȻĿΪֲһĻ
֮պձˮϵħֻħʦʵ߲ſͷŵ
ݣ
һ֮ǰ罣ķݺݵı㴩λ˵ؿڡ
꣡
Ѵ˺˵ؿڣµĺ䣬̼䶳˺˵ӣɴſ־ӣӽӲʯĳ˻ȥ
ʲô
λɫŵĵɴӡ
Ħ˹׿˿ɲλ˻ᣬƾų׿ٶƣӹٶһ
ݣݣ
λ˻δӦԱĦ˹Ǹһؿڡ
Ŷ̶һ˲䣬ЩֵλʣµЩѾвˣĦ˹׿ҲǳûսȦ֮УſһЩɱš
ӵħʦʵ㲻˵ĻԱҲеģȻλ˶ȥСǡŮӣܾȿǻҪӵĿ¡
һߣƷվս֡
Ʒ籾ﵽ۷壬ǿĹڽм޵ˡ

Ʒٶʵ̫ˣλֵΧɱ֮УǿɵĶÿһЩָƷ
ȣ
һλֱһ֮ǿҵĶâ
Ʒɫһ䣬͵һƫֱӴǰ˹ȥ
͵ģƷ˫ŵٵŤתһȦγת״һ˹ȥеĳͻȻһݵóǺսֱնȥ

һĲҽǺֱ۾ıƷһնֱ۵˵У
Ʒٵ̧һţھʹ˵ĸ˹ȥ
һ
Ǻ˫ʹ͹˳ǰһִһǿֱӱ֮߳ףޱʹڵţѾȫʧȥս
λ˴󾪣ԵüΪķŭһеĳٵĻ裬һİνâܼϮƷ硣
ƷȻ壬͵һסڳһ̧μһˮסӡ
ħʦ
λ˳ԾĿɿ࣬ǰһĻʵ̫ˡ
һڻǱЩˡ
ƷûȥˮڿԵסЩǿὣĹֻȥЩѡ
ˮڱѿһĻƷǹͻȻȥ
Ȼ󣬸µһĻֳˡ
Ʒ˫žڵıţڰйŤתӣֽճеһλ˵Ϲ˹ȥ
λʵǱƷĹסˣٶȾ֮죬Ǻ˸޷Ӧֻ־ŶƷһϮ
ͻȻݵһ֮ᰵɭУһкԤ׵Ϯƺ˰ıеƷ硣
Ʒ˫һݵһŤ˼ڰӣֹס׹ӣЩоյĴƷӵߴ˹ȥ
鼸еֱӽƷߵľεĽضˡ
ߣ˻һСˣ
Ʒɫһ͵һշں֮ʱһֳ֮ǰٵķһɨȥ
ݵһһƬϮƷз
У
ڰеֵĴһɫ䣬ôҲ޷ӵǿ似Ʒ磬ͬʱǿħʵ
ϧǳˣѾ޷ȥˡ

һ˻֮ӵӱķиĻӣһƬѪ⡣
ţƷأսɱ¶һɿµɱ


121 Ʒĺ
ǿʼˣƷǹǿʵ
λˣƷ磬ͻȻ侹ǲٶˡ
Ʒɫ䣬֮£ΣӶſ϶Ҫδ֪ˡԣڶ֮еκһˣƷ綼лڡ
ţὣһƷڵעУѪĲ
μ䣬һɿɭɱֱ˳ȥ
λȻ󾪣˴ۣо£ҲƷƵüҪɱȥˡ
ȵһ
еһλˣȽųȫҫ۵ĺ⣬ϡ
Ʒɫһ籤ݰ粻һϮ
˵ʵǶļӳ֮£ֱߵĳٶȼ졣
գۼ䣬Ǻ˱ƷǰһֱϣʵԵһѪɫâĳϮƷ硣
ƷѽǺ˵ĶȫӭһһѾõĳѾӭǽâն˹ȥ
飡
һǿҵ֮죬˫ƴ֮£ĦһƬ⻨һǿƲǿķֱ֮ӽǺ˸˿Ѫź
һ̣һλĺѻӽԾգ׼·Ʒ磬ȥϬһĽâŰ䡣
ƷѾӵһߣȻܹЩâһţԾ𣬾ǹƵǺ˵
Сƣ
һ亹ĺ˷һת֮ʱԴն˹ȥ
ݣ
һǺȫһɼȥһĽâ
ϧһ֮ǿǰպ˿գΪƷӰֹʧˡ
һ޷УεڵأִƷĶ̫ˣ޷һϸĽ֣
쵰
ַתһԭѾ˿յ׼û뵽Ʒպǰеǰ

˫֮Ȼִ֮·ĺҪࡣ
ƵһУǺеĳ˲䱻䣬ǿбһǿΣдѪ˫Ħŵ浹˻ȥ
Ʒɲʹ˷ŹǺˡ
˷缲̤Ѫ
һȣƷ羹ʹڶʽΣ̤ż磬һɶ⣬ٵǰһӹȥ
֮УƵĺȫûзӦ㾪ֵĵɴ˫ۣΪѸоһµɱֱȡԼĲ
ݣ
ٶȣһʵǿ̫˼ˡֻۣ΢΢ƷģӰһȴȫĿˣֻʶһ⡣
һ̣ǺѾȫӲĶԭ˫ȴǿ־岻ѵıͻƷӰѲ֪ʱǺ˵󸺽
ɼǺ˵Ĳһ̵Ѫڡ
ƺѪ̫ˣͷ­Щ㡣
һ
һƬѪ罦˳ǻһͷ­ڵء
ͨһʧȥͷ­ĺˣ˫ȳĹڵء
ͬЩ˵ĺˣڿĻ֮ȴǳ׵ľˡôɱ֣ûһ˹Ľ˵ͷ­Ϣն
ԣãƷѾˣһɱħ
Ҳ̫ڿ־壬ǺѾʼûǣǶеĳȱܡ
ƷһԲﲻ»ڣ
͵ģƷоƾճһӲʯͷеĺ˺ݺݵķ˹ȥ
ݣ
һʯͷȴǰһǿ
һҽУǺ˻δӳԶؿб㱻ĪƿһնѪڣһ±˵ȥ
˵Ǻ˷źãĻȫֻϣȴǺķǺʧȥ˶ķѾȫΪƷзʯˡ
ƷᣬŶ̶̲ʱ䣬ɱ֣λħʦ
˵ƷֶκݣƷ粻Żڻȥͨ籨ţĻһû߳ħɭ֣иµɱڵȴǣƷһֻºˣںǵİȫ
Ǳأ֣ƾԽٶʵЩѾǽпϽȻѹҲʡ
ǱĻҲֻʱϵˡ
ԣƷ粢ģǽĿתƵһ쳣ҵս֮С
Ϸɭᰲţǲ¡
ϷȻӵŽʼʵɭ᰹ĺڰħ⿿ǰ
˵ͬʵУħʦ뽣ʿ֮Ǳ˾ĻǳԿľǽʿˡ
ɭᰵħʩչҲԽӵ˳֣һϵĳĿͷ˳ȥϷֻܿ㣬һķ֮ûС
ɭһʱҲ޷ϷӣϷڵʵ̫ǿˣȫͷŶ֮£ٶҲǼޱȡ
MD취ٸϼһȥˣ
ϷǷŭʱ̲ƶźԼòٶ㿪κξǱƽɭᰵǰ
֮£Ϸֻɭᰵľžѵһ϶͵ؼٳ˳ȥ
Ӳˣ
û뵽ϷӾǳС
ϧϷӻδ߳ԶͻȻһɳưڰԨ
͵ģϷɫ䣬ߵӣͽȻºǱһ㣬ľ׹޵׵ԨҲ͵ĳȥ
תۣɭ᰻еķȣֺŷȣڳ˫ƣǰһڰɹ⣡
ͽȻ䣬ɭУμγһڰնУвһǿ֮ǳȫϷӳ˹
ϷһδӦоһֻ֣ݺݵĽԼ޵Ԩץ˻ʧȥưƱȥ
ģϷӾӦתͷһȴһڰǳ˵ްſ޿ڵԼ
ĺڰħ
Ϸһݵս嵽ڵأȫӣϷ⻪ʢš
ǺڰɹȻӵǿϷӶ䷴֮ʱǽסˣϷӵҲûǺڰŲ
ƷˣѾ׼СʯͷһЦҸӵϰɣ


122 аֶ
ɭᰵħˮƽѾﵽʥʦļ˵ͨħʦҪǿˡ֮ĺڰħǽʼǿڰʥʦöԸ
ϷǺ죬ǿҵϹ⣬Ĳ嵹ڵأһʱǺڰɹҲ޷׽ϷӸɡ
ʱƷѾߵϷӵĲԶ֮ƴеϷӡ
ȻϷӷƷĴڣ㵣ʵСӣ㡭ʲô
ûʲôֻѡƷ粻еʯͷ
ߣӲҪİæҲ㣡Ϸһŭ˶ǿǰ̤һƷ绹żľ롣
𣿡Ʒ粻мıϷӣĵҲϻˣ˭ָʹǵģΪҪɱǣ
ûָʹڵŵģȻΪɱǣ
ǺǣЦղŻ֪˭˵Ҫ˭ĴأƷһЦ
Ϸһ㶣˵ߣΣû뵽ССӶ¾Ҳ˱ɣֵĻͷſңһս
˼ûȤһսֻ֪֪ѣ˵ɵĻŵССһӶţǻʩˣǱɵĻɶ䲻ˣ
㡭Ϸƴ޷Ѻڰɹ
ʲô㣬ҿǲ˵ˣֻáƷЦЦеʯͷĦɳɳ졣
ϷһܾƷֶԼԤУСˣ͸ɴɱˣ
ɱ㣿̫ˣһŪҵء
쵰
ϷӲȻŭ͵һеĳٵĻһɫâ׼Ʒ硣
ƷһǺĶ˹ȥ
ϷӿɾͲˣͻȻ֮ʱӰղסǱǺڰɹ˹ȥ
ھǺڰʱϷֿٵһȲ嵹ڵϣǿֹסΡ
ǺǣܷƷɫͻȻһ͵һ
ȵһ
Ʒһȥ֮ʱεĳһǿһӲʯͷǷϷӵϡ
Ϸɫ䣬ûӦͷ͵Ĵһ
һʹУʯͷ֮ǿǴϷϵѪ֮УϷʹһΣ΢΢ơϧֻʹһ
ϷҲԾû뵽ƷһСʯͷܴԼķߣľʯͷûκһ˿ĶϢȫƾǵҪǿ
ôܰɡƷԵüΪĵ⣬̼Ϸ˵Ҿأʵ̫޴ˣΪҵĴֵ𣿲͸ңԷŹ㣡
ߣٺңֱɱңϷߵ
Ʒɫһҵģ
ݣ
Ԥ֮£һķʯӵĴƷм
飡飡
պ죬ʯͷֱϷӵϥϣ̫ˣϥǶˡ
Ϸǿʹ࣬˫ȳĹڵأǺ죬ŭСˣɱң
ûȤϲ档ƷһȻҵģΪҵѲܵ˺ұ֪˭ָʹǵġ
ߣҲ˵ϷԵ˵ľǿ
ϷӸ˵꣬һͻȻ𣺡үе֪ʲôĻūа취
һڰ֮УĳɭģӰ
ƷסˣЦ˵ɭǾͰˡ
Ϸɫڰħʦϵħǹǧĥ֮ǧٱ䣬뵽⣬ϷӶɾзֱ
룡
ϷӴһڵϹٶȱֽųʹǰŲӡ
ϧӶǿŲˣ˫ϥѾ㱻Ʒˣ޷ǰС
Ȼڰ͵ʧϷͻȻоȫһɣ֮ǰ̫ʹ˫޷վһ԰ǰԵ˵ϣԵüǱ
ϷӾǾϲķ֣ԼڿԶȻֵĸо±һɿֲϢ
ʲô
Ϸɫ䣬ƺֲˡ
ƣ
һɳƵ֮𣬾Ϸ̱ĵ֮Уһɫ״һŤŽĲסԼӡ
ƣǺڰħΪɵĺڰħͬʵУʿħеĻɡɭᰵħǿѴʥʦȻϷ֮У˵Ѿȥһˡ
Ķ
ϷŭƴţϹ󷽡ȫ֫ǹâסˣҲ֪δľǣЩâǻڵѪҺһ㣬ϷѾֵĸоڵĶʧѪҺڲϵʧš
ƷһԣĿɿڴ֮ǰɭᰵʱãҪٱħסĻС綼ûƵҲʵ̫ˡ
ɣЩɵСˣ
ϷУʵĴš
ɭᰵԵúƽޱ飬ƺһǰͱϻҪӵı
ģɭѾʼƽʹϷߡ
Ϸһɭ᰹ԽӵĿ־塣
һΣϷǱˣȻΪȥΪȥʹĥ
Сӣҡ˵Ƿšңһ˭ʹɱǵģϷӿ־ĳƷš
˼ѾˣȻҵ˵а취ֻѡȥҵˣΪ㻹ҪӿɿءƷЦЦ
Ϸŭţ쵰СˣⱰɵСˣһɱ㣡
ɱңȹ˺ԼɡƷ֮Աǣɴվһ߿ˡ
ʱɭѾƽ˺޷֮Ϸǰһֻݵ֣̽Ϸӵͷ­
ϷޱȾֵֻ֣૶Ҫ
ϧֻֻǺݵһץϷӵͷУһɺٵֻݵֱϷӵͷ֮С

һĲҽ쳹Ƭɭ֣Ϸӿ־ʹ͹˫ۣԭѪɫתۼһƬٺˡ
Ʒ翴ޱȿֲһĻвԼղΪ˱ƹϷ˵ĻʹѾǹаֶˣû뵽ɭᰵֶλҪӵа


123 Ļʹ
ʱڸλ˲š
һҽ֮Щ˶ǵͷ챻˸ˡ
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ǣȫµһֻУΪֻȡԼܻᡣ
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Ȼ󣬿ǾǳԾĿЩ˾ƴȥ
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ŭȵճ׷ȥܳ˲Զ
Ʒüͷһ壬ɫһ˫һţѸٵԾһž֮У½͵һ˱t֮Щȥķ˹ȥ

֮䣬ƷйֵӰѳԽЩ˵ǰ
͵ģƷ˫أսǰӶλˡ
Ȼ䣬Щ˽Ȼ󾪣͵ֹסΣ涷֮ʢţֱƶɷ׷ŭƷ硣
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ƷȻ壬սһţٶ
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ݵһ
ҹ֮УټһĻ⣬ӭǰλɳĺˣߵǽϮС
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ţƷսʯͷЩ˸ȥķ򣬺ݺݵķ˳ȥ
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ݣ
һĺХ֮ҹһλâֱֱĻƷӡ
Ʒûѡ㣬ֱǽâ湥еĳһᣬǰһӹȥ
飡
ǿĽâǱƷһƿˣƲ֮ƽǺ˵ӡ
ǺѾ׵ľˣͻѾ˾֣ǷһеĵֿΪעϣȫһѾƷƽˡ
һ綾߰ĴǺ˵ؿڣƷİγͨһڵء
ţƷɫһΪʣµλ˾Ҳڳݵʱ䣬ߵķӶȥ
Ʒһ˿ԥûУʣµʯͷǳһλеĺ˼ٵķ˳ȥ
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λƷ綨ΪĿĺ˫ȾʯˣʹһݺݵԵڵء
ţƷ羹ǲλԵĺˣ˫һţһλеĺ׷ȥ
Ǻ˼Ϊƻ֪ƷᰵˣŸľ֮ƣľŲķš
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ȻǺ˸оƷǽԼ󣬾ֵһתƷѾӰг
ʲô
Ǻɫ䣬ȻǰһĻƴĻ𳤽ӭƷµķỮȥ
Ʒֽճгȫһֱնȥ

һ𣬺еĳǱƷһնˣޱȿ־ĵɴۿףΪƷһӭն
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Ǻһ˿еûУһƬѪ罦˳úõһӣǱһΪ룬ƷҲǱЩѪմȾˡ
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ǺһɱƷ磬ȫϰţˣŹС˰ɣС˸ԸΪκ£ˣ
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ǺǣǧˣƷһЦ
ǺһƷЦжȻһɲԤС
Ʒ˫һ䣬ŭ͸ϧˣ
˵꣬е𽣱缫Ǻ˵ĲһһſŻͷ­նˡ
ǿĻȻһԾȫմѪƷ硣
Ʒ粻۾еĿǣЩ˲ɱǣֻΪ˾ȸˣǶġ
һ㶣еͷ
߰ɣȥĻʹ˭ɡƷ絭˵תɭǱȥ
һ㶣㻽ϿȣƷȥ
ʱɭǱߣȴֱǰһĻסˡ
£ɭѾޱվţԽλȫѾɱʬ壬ԵüΪĶġ
ƷҲǱһǰ۵вҲ̶õϷӣɭʵɭ𣿡
ţūͽϢ㡣ɭ᰹ĵ˵ͷ˫һһڹƷü֮С
ƷһټԺ֮УһƬϢ
ɣƷɫһ֪ˡ
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ӶǾͻ֪ˡƷ򵥵Ӧֵ߰ɣﻹǺܰȫ
һ㶣ûʲôֻøƷ磬ħɭķȥ
ȻƷߺ󲻾á
ʱϷԭ֮أһֻ֣΢΢Ķϵ¡
صĴϢһ־вóһƿɫŨҺȻ㻺ߣĽƿŨҺ˽ȥ


124 Ӷ
Ʒ;ɱħޣеħҲǶѵˣ쵽ĴС񣬶ɵĲˣӿ˲Ӷ֮ǡ
һ죬ƷǷŻصӶ֮ǡ
Ӷ֮ǣһΪɵĵطƷֵ̤Ӷ֮ʱ̫עĿϾϵFӶȼ¾ȡƷڵݡ
ӶᣬһУһЩݽӶȻһЩӶţеľƹţ̸Ц
ʱ˿һЩǼǣɫԵñȽ档
ͻȻһãġ
ţ˿ǻǶ⻹ЩоɻòЩϤ̧ͷ˿ǣɻЦʣǺǣҺǡ
ȻǾǰһ¸עΪӶŵġȻЦ
ޣ˿һſϵFӶ£Ȼ򣺡ԭǰ
Ҳ˿ǵķӦ̫ˣЩƹеӶɺƷ˹䲻ֻFӶȼоԱġ˵һ¸עӶţɵڻǴӶе͵ȼǾ͸ˡ
ƷƺһĮ˵ı飬ﶼòˬرǺߣһǸ˶ɫ̲סҪ˵ĳ嶯
ǿԽ𣿡ʵ
˿Ǳ⾪ˣعεЦԣȻԡҼǵõǺ˲ٵڿɶˣ
仰˿ƺԵЩɣһʼڿעΪӶŵʱòƶӣ˲̵ʱ޶˿ΪǶɢӶء
ǿɲ˻ɵĿ⣬óһڲĳһŵ˹̨ϡ
˿ǿһеӶɺĽĿ߻㼯˹Űķ٣ѵʲôر
ˣǵˡЦЦ
˿һǰİʵжټ񣿡
Ҳ̫ǵõʱмʮɣҿҲˡƽĻص
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˿ǳ׵ľסˣЩ˿ǿģFCУûһӶſڶ̶һʮ
ЩеӶ͸˵ˣ˶ŴͣǿǼʮ񰡣һ͵ȵFӶӵģǾ͸Ӳˡ
ɣƷ˵ʱ򣬲žƲƲһССӶܱȼģѵӶز¶
˿һݣʵѵ𣿡
˿æûͲ鿴һǵǼǱ롭Եȡ
˵ţ˿ѾֲĴӹ̨淭ѰǰһµĵǼǱƷҲ͵סʱĥֻǶӶղ̫ϲ
ԸоӶ棬ŲٵĿɨ˹𾪣ҲлɣϾƷչ黹CӶţ٣ôڶʱôЩڲƷǲǼ˱˵ɹȥ͵ȡ˱˵ģǱǸӵܣЩǮġ
˲ãͷ󺹵˿ҵǻҳǼǱſЩεЦǺǣЩǼǶÿ½һδģһʱûĻǼǱҲǱˡ
ţǾ鷳ǲ鿴жټɡ˵
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Ħ˹Щͷ˵ԱûУǻڸʱء
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ʱ䣬žȻĽƷǱߡ
˲ã𺧵˿ǲ˵㡭һʮC񣬶ʮDʮEFȻЩûɣʣµĶȴABǶ˵ġ
˿ǳص˵ЩʱӶһεıһ׵ĴҲǴӶʷеΰ񻰣һFӶŵ񻰣ΪѾǳԽӶʷ¼ˡ
ԣһ̣ڳӶг𾪻𾪡ǻ뵽ֻһµSӶҪˡ


125 S
ʣ𣿡˿һ㵣̲סʡ
˿ǾӦ૵ĻصáãΪ㡣
Ǻǣ鷳ˡ΢΢һЦƹ㵵Ŀ⡣
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FӶ𣿿ô٣ôôô񰡣
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УҿһʲôӵܣЩǿǮİɡ
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Ʒüͷһ壬ǻ˵ԽԽϾЩӶĶʼʵ̫ǿˡ
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βôôCأȲʡ
ǺǣӶȼǷģȻһô񣬵ܻĻֻܴﵽCӶŵ㿴ӶŶ֪˼ˣܵõCǿô񣬸ǵѡ˿ĵĽ͵
ﻹ޷ܡ
ˣǻЩABǰʣµ񶼽˲Ϳˣʵ
˼ȻЩ߼񣬵ǵӶȼδܴﵽȡǿԽЩBӶʵʱһȥĻǵĵȼпŶ˿Ц
ǻʲôİ취ӶŵĵȼȼʣΪǶںӶڶ
ǺǣӶȼĻȻȥɸ񰡣ֻҪɵϴﵽȼ
Ǿûбķˣʡ
˿һ㶣벻׿ΪʲôӶŵȼЩ˼˵취ûУڵ˵ЩѶȡ
ǾϲսѶȵġĦ˹һսⰻȻӡ
ΧЩӶȴһƬˣŶðFӶֱCӶŵʵӶţҲҪһꡣû뵽ǾǶԴ˾÷ǳ⣬BӶſǸ߼Ӷţô
ʱ˿ЦиԿӶŵȼķǾS񡣡
S񣿣
һ
û˿ǽ͵ӶᶼǺܹƽģȻ˵SǼΪѵ񣬵ЩҪģӶĵһҲر䲼SܹɵĻԵõĲƸһֱBӶϵĵȼ
̫ˣǿǿSʲô񣿡ȾϲĵҲ˷ܡ
ȴˣSôҪô׻ôùû
˿εҡҡͷ㲻תҵSĽɫӣ˵SأǱȽΣյġһǵõʥ֮ѪֻҪõĻʥ޿ɴѪҺҲǲܵģڶҲҪǵǾǵõʥˮܹҵĻõʥˮҲ̫ѣһɾΣˣҪɱһֻʥޣȻõħ
ԭΪȿЩ֮зû뵽ȴǾϲĻͷƷ磬еƷ磡S㲻Ƕ𣿡
ʲô
⻰Ŷֱ׷׾ˣⲻҪ˸ŵѪ
ƷԵúΣֻ̾ʥ֮Ѫ
Ʒ粢뽫ϵĺöȥˣҲӦ˴˻ĲףεĵǡǾʥ֮Ѫ𣿡
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ǰأóϲЦţȻĴӻóһƿɫѪҺ˵ǰ
˿ǳſ̨ߣĶƿѪˮԾʣ⡭ʥ֮Ѫ𣿡
ȻǣʵأЦڳ˾ö촭ˡ
δ뵽һССFӶţȻԱ̬˳̶ȣSС
˿ǲĽӹƿѪˮ૵˵ǡԵƬ̣ȥǵϻ᳤һ¡
õģǾͶһɡӦ
˿䱦ССѪˮֱӶĺ̨ȥ
Ҳվڹ̨ߵţڲԶĴѰ˴ǰλµȺš
ЩΧӶһƷǹһ˵ĿⶼɨƷǣƷɭ᰿͸ʵ֮⣬˵ʵҲôҿôᣬܲôSɣȷʵֵ˻ɡ
ӶӶ࣬Բ֪ӶŻCӶŴһ
ʱһλ׳ƺ˹Ǿ߱˴ʦʵ
ǺǣλֵܣɷƤЦʵҲ档
ⲻ֪Ħ˹ﾹǺܲصﲻ㣬߿һ㣡
ԣӴ󾪣ǴŭмıʵֻнʦĦ˹Це˿ȣλС㣬һ⣿
˾߰ɡһ
ЦղĿʥ֮Ѫ
Ȼ᲻֪ˡȲ˵ͷ˦һߡ
ԽԽŭЩ˿һһԼӣ˵ԼһCӶŵĸųأ㲻Ƶ˵ߣҾãƾʵҪõʥ֮ѪɣҿǻǮĻǵȡ˵Ķɣ
裬裬˶סˣкϷˡ
Ʒ˹㲻Ļ̹ҵҰ
ӱƷ⻰һһɱӣʵ˾÷ô˵棬Լֵأ


126 
һFӶţܹʱ˶ѾˣųΪѵS񶼸ˣǾˡ
ԣƷòʵǺǿȷʵֵûɡ
䣬ҲôʧӣȻˣɴҲͲˡ
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һ£ܱѾվڵʮˣ׷׽Ʒ硣
Ʒ翴뿴ĵû˵һ飬̹
С֮ԱǣɫеյĿȣЦҿղŵʥ֮ѪλСĴŮ֮Ѫɣ
˵꣬ȻȫЦ
ҲΪ仰ѾȫƷĵߣ⻰ҲǲȻŭ
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һһһҽУӿ̳ͷǽض
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ӿɾͲˣѪʹɳƵŲԣƴѪ죬ڵʹš
˿ĻٿɫĮƷ磬ԭڵһӾͽӲסˣ価ŵĶֻĿ־塣
ͬеˣҲǱƷͻȻ֮ٸסˣǾǺܹһһλʦʵ߻ˣʵѾԶԶܶԸˡ
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˽ȻһֲֿͰ͵Ʒ硣
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֪Ʒûע⵽ʰǰľƱȻһ¶ǣҲ֪Щʲô
֮һʱ䣬ԵüΪΣԭֵӶᣬͻȻİϸϸ˽ûˡ
ȻһϵòƼΪĻ̫ˣʥ֮Ѫ
ѭȥ˿ǲһλϵϷߵӶ֮С
˭˭˶δɵS񣿡ƺԵüΪļ
ҲǾסˣߵķӦʥ֮ѪҲˡȻţǾȻۼS񣬶һתFӶš
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һۿƷˣȻһȻҲЩţĿƷɭ֮ʱȴֳԾһ
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һεĳԾˣǲš
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һ㶣Ʒ̬Ҳ̫ˣǸм˵ʥ֮ѪʵӶڲ䲼ΪӶرҪϷȴӶлǡ
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ȻǽʮһܹSġЦǳ˿Ӷŵĵȼ֮⣬һԵõĲƸ
٣Ħ˹۷
ٶҰɡĻص
ٶң
ǶɵˣƷ绹ԵñȽ侲
ɣͻȻóһƬϾݹƷ磬εĵӶԴޣϷֻʱԸһʮңĽңϷ㱨֮ܲٲǡоǣǵӶȼһʱҲ̫ˣҲҪܲԾ鷳λڴ˵ȶˡ
Ҫ죿Ʒüͷ¡
ûĻǶӶϢĻһʱ֪ͨ㡣ϵЦ
ǺǣˣǻȥʺϵľƹЪϢɣʲôĻ֪ͨǡƷ絭һЦ
£û뵽Ʒ羹ȻܾԼǿĻЦǺðɣʲô֪ͨǣλߡ
šƷ˵ͷǲĿǣ뿪˷䡣
Ʒ֮߳ʱԭ۵ĴȻͣס׷׵ͷֵ̿ĲƷǱߡ
ƷǱ㼫Ϊ뿪Ӷᡣ


127 񻢼
վƹݣӶһΪԾľƹݡ
⴦ƹݣģСӶȫŲͬ
ںվƹĻ֮ӶᣬûжԼҲ֮𣬼ɡӣΪ֣һЩŹ֮³зվƹݵıûʵҲǲ
и֮ͬǣӶֻʱдҪס޵Ļܳ졣վƹݾרΪסڣ㹻Ľ֧ĻסöС
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һ棬мΪӣΧ˼ƷǣòЩСƨѣмᡣ
ʱλЦӭ˹
ǺãҽаĹݳϣܰﵽǡЦһ˿ɶвƵ
סЩ죬𣿡Ʒ絭ʡ
СУλɡǰﵹͦģǿӭƷ紩˳ֵĴһΪС
ˣ˸ǽˡЦվƹгסǻأ԰⡣
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ϲȻвƵЦĻصأǺվƹĸߵȹҪʲôʲô
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һ㶣˵̬Ҳʵ̫˰ɣ˿;ϵۣǮ׬ںʲôЦݵãǾͲˡ
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ΪʲôѵϴλӶŵǼ£Ⱦʡ
ǣѵϴôǵ𣿡
ѪӶţ
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ûƷص˵ΪǾǣרΪǡ
ǵ˲ûвѪӶŵ˰ǲ⡣
ֻǲѪӶŵĻǲΪ壬ѪӶűȴӶżвƷ粻̾Ϣ

һεľסˣ֪²ûеô򵥡
ⱳ϶Ǽ򵥣ѪӶܹץǣҲǸ˲ٵĴۡأЩɫ
šƷصĵ˵ͷʣӦö֪񻢼ɣ
񻢼壡
𾪡
½֮Уǿʢ壬ʵΪ֣ڰ۹ĺ׼ʵǿΣ۹ڼ壬󣬲ǿ񻢼塣Ȼ񻢼ֻλ֮󣬵Ҳһǵʵڡ
۲ƸĻ񻢼ȴ֮ף̻ᡣ
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊ񻢼¢ϵĲҵūг½ūгڿ񻢼ģԿ񻢼طֲҲǴ½ģÿжС
ңһԾǣ񻢼ӶŶЩ½ġ
ԣƷŻѡûӶΪ±񻢼˸֡
֪ǿ񻢼֮ʱȴһҰӡ


128 û
ǻǰӶŸɢ˰ɡ
þãε̾Ϣһ
ԣһڷ
ǰԲԣӶźòѾBӶŵĵȼҲôɢˡĦ˹ﲻĵĸŵ
ҡҾý˵е׿ĵ
һ㶣Щߵ׿ˣƷ绹һƽ
˵ʵҲôɢˣѾ˿񻢼ˣӶŲɢĻǶΣգʵǾԶǵġ
ԣǶɳĬˣ񻢼ʵﶼ
֣˵ȻҲͬ뷨Ʒڿ˵ˡ
һ㶣ʣڲ㻹бİ취𣿡
УƷһڵ
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˫һ
ܼ򵥣ɱǡƷĻص
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ˡƷ΢΢ҡͷ񻢼ر鼰½֪ÿһصʵǺǿֻҪûʥǿĻǾлᡣǽ֪ܵ˶ɱˣҲͲ鲻ˡ
ǿ񻢼ÿһص˶٣ôɱꣿﲻʡ
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УðաĪĵǵ
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ĹȷʵЧǲģʹ漫Ϊĳ֣ҲԵþĵġ
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ƷһȻԼѩ˿л֮ԼԼѾһѱˣҲ䲻ѩ˿ˣֻò˵Ҹˡ
뵽ڴˣƷ罫΢΢̧˿ȵۻϸ֣ЦǺǣʽ͸ˣҰϰɡ
һ϶ҸЦݣͷš
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žһ
ƷݺݵĸԼһƣƷ簡˼ҿɻǵŮӰɱˡ
ɣſȽȥǼ䷿Ʒֲ̽Լ촽ĵЦЦǺǣҵĳӦû˰ɡ


129 
峿ϲŭŵƷ뿪˺վƹݣ˴ϡ
ƷյĴȴ쳣ĹŹ֣ҪΪ˲ϳԼƷ򵥵Ľһݡ
жأſΪɫۣڵĹԣЩձĸо߹źӣͷŪüΪңֱһСͷһ㡣
ԣƷߵϵʱ򣬸û˻ȥע⵽
񻢼أȻڴ˵ֻзأɲСƷĴһ£Ѱȥ·
˲ãƷ˿񻢼ĲԶ֮
񻢼岻ǲƴֻ߿ȥԵüΪɣߣվʵҲͣȻŽʦʵǽ䱸ɭϡ
ƷأҪ񻢼Ļ¾ͱȽѶˣƷֻ͵͵Ķһϸĵڿ񻢼ˡ
˵񻢼һЩӶйᣬȷʵ٣ƷĹ۲֮У񻢼ˣ϶Ӷŵˡ
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㣬Ʒһ磬ͻȻ俴ڿ񻢼Ĵ֮Уǳһλˡ
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Ʒϸ룬λֱӴӿ񻢼ˣǾͿ϶ڿ񻢼ˣҿҲڿ񻢼үĴڡ
ǺǣͺðˣȴְɡƷһЦĿסλ꣬͵͵ĸ˹ȥ
ǰʱƷûٸٹˣⰵи˵ֶҲܱȼƷܹڰ֪ĸꡣ
Ʒȥĵط֮ʱȴǾȵķ֣λȥĵطǺվƹݡ
Ʒаѵվƹ񻢼Ҳй᣿
ɻУƷҲɴ˽ȥƷ⸱ΪƽĴ磬Ҳûע⵽Ʒ磬кƷ˶ûС
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ϣǳŮȴֱţߣôͷң


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ǡǣүСԺһүŪЩõģֵ̿ĵŵһ亹
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Ʒ𽥵ʧ˺ҹ֮С


131 ɱ
žĺҹƷȵӰ֪ν˿񻢼档
˵Ʒ󵨣ƷѾ߱˰ȫıϡΪ޵ΨһӣŶԿҲΪ簮ȻҲһ竰ӡƷֻϻſƷ类ˣҲ塣
ʱƷѾĵ˴Ժ֮У˰˵ϢĻûֵܷƷ磬ƷҲԽһ񻢼ĵϸˡ
񻢼壬ȷʵ󣬴СԺ伫࣬䱸ɭϣС
УҸʡƷ簵ţ㿪ʼѰʺϵĿꡣ

ȵӰںҹӰٰš
ʱͨһԺ֮һ
ȻһȻͨʱһӰ˹ȥһλùס죬һֿס䲱ȻϢƵ˺ڰĽߡ
Ļ͸ǵ峤ģƷв
֣ԭҪģȴǾķ֣ȫ޷ڵҲ޷ȫǱ˸סˡ

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ֱһݵԺʱûָ·ˣΪڴԺ֮УһƬƻȻķԺӦþˡ
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ţȥһ°ɣǴ̿ʱǲٻˡ
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˵꣬λǿ߱㹧ȥ


132 ȼհ
ҹУƷһСУ˼⡣
ԣһи綼趨õľ֡ƷԽԽԾ
֮ǰƷǱ񻢼֮ʱ޻綼ԤԼȻôͻȻðǿߣһƺ綼ƺõȦס
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ƷϵǺڰϢʱȴǿһϤӰ
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ȻŭİʮˣȫѤĶֱСϵĶ֮⣬ڣλǽĸ֣˶ǾŴʦʵû뵽վƹݵʵҲ˷ǱѰ
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133 ɱ
ԭǰҹʱѾһƬҡ
վƹݵ¥ȼţƺӶ֮ǣһƬĦˡ޷ףվƹôͻȻأ
ЩվƹݵˣɶϷģȻ˶ȥվƹݡ
Ȼϲ˰̾ϧ
˵ףվƹҲһֵĵط
ʱںվƹݵ¥ϣѾΧסˡ
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Ȼ䣬ʮǿ˻֮У˰ڻеƷ硣
һͣ˽ŲŭƷ硣
ߣΪʲôҪҾƹݣֱŭʡ
ٷϻǺվƹ񻢼кαɵĹС˱Ʒ
ԭ㶼֪ˣɫһȵɱ
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ΣʹƷѾǰ⽣۷弶ǿߣλֵ֮£ƷҲǺܺöԸ
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νǮڷ˵µջ֮ҲԼˣƵĻӽɱȥ
㣬λ֣ȵͨУǿҵĶ⣬ɱƷ硣
޴֪խ𣿡ƷһЦ
ɣƷгһ˷ŭ֮µȫ֮
Ȼ䣬Щ־Ӧ˹ֿˣϿճϾȵĸ߶Ȼǲ͵ġ
ݣ
һϬĺ⽣âŰѾȫסƷ硣
Ʒɫһιĺţƾգȴָպ÷׷״ӽâķ϶һһĶܹȥˡ
һ̣µλѾϣͬʱվгҫ۵Ĺ⻪ϬĻгƷն¡
Ʒŭһὣһϡ
һ
ɱ˴࿹Ľƴ֮䣬Ʒȵĳ𳤽ذȴǾѹðȰֱ죬ƺҪѿһ㡣
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ɱ
һɱʣµλȴǳûӷ϶гɱ˹ٶȼޱȡ
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֮УȻҫһǿҵĺڹ⣬ǿ͵Ļƣӿ̶
ʲô
ͬλѹƷλ֣ǹɺڹµĻ֮У־Ǳǻ˸Ʒ˳ȥ

ﾪһٵ˿ȥ
ϧľǣ·Ӧһ죬ЩƷɵĽֳѹȥʹųƬ
ţǻ֮УֹĳһλɫӰĹƷ
ɭ£Ʒ
үЩСͽūɡɭ᰹ĵ
Щɱǣȥ׷ɱ鵽˭ץǣ𣿡Ʒ
ǣūȥ졣ɭƾʧ˻֮С
ʱҲվŭƷ硣
ΪĥƷﾹЩʦʵһɱƷ硣
ɱ
һƬŭĺɱʮʦʵߣӽȥϳǿҵ⣬һɵһ𣬳˻Ӱ֮С
͵ģƷ˫һ裬һ
һǰһն¡
֮䣬һɿȴǰʵԵͽȻȥߵĻҲǱɢ
৵һ£
޹ɫǿν֮£ӭǰλӶȻ㱻ϮУ֣ûʶǷʲô飬ǰֱĪѿһ̵Ŀӣ¶࣬Ѫ罦˿ȥ
Щ˶ƷһŵˣƣѳƷǰ׷ŭһɱ˹ȥ
һƷĶˡ
Щɱ֮ʱƷҲŭһ𽣣ոĴ̤˹ȥ
ЩȻ󾪣û뵽Ʒ羹ͻȻ֣ϻ̫խˣ˷ӳʵ
ɣ˳ȼյľǽлӽ˺˿˴ƬĻ𻨣ƶƷ硣
ƷһеɱЩĻ飬ֱһƿŭӰգ۱Щ˵ǰ
ƷɫһὣӭǰλֵֵĲִӭ˼֡
һλֻдһǿҵԸУǾķ֣мӲĳǱƷһնˡ
һ̣ƷǷŭѾǵǰһ
ݵһϬĳٵӹһɭĺ⣬λֵĲϱ㱻һѪۣɴۿײ˾֣˻֮С
ϧƷ粢ûΪɱ˶õ㣬ճʣྪֵλɱ˹ȥ
סס
Щ־ִţ趯ĳѾȫֻŭųǰҵ˺նš
ϧ⽣۷弶ĸƷ磬ǿЩ˾ӵŴʦʵԶƷĶ֡
ɱɱɱ
ɱһѪ·Ѫû˻֮УƷŭոÿһһƬʬ׷׵ĵˡ
ֱЩֶµʱƷֹͣ˶ָųĮһ֮С
ʣµİЩ֣ҲǱƷǿѪȵֶθסˣȫɱ֮УûκεĶȫǷŭµһȻ˶̵ʱвɱ˽ʮλʦʵĽ֡
һĻʵ̫ţֲ̫ˣ⻹


134 ŭͻ
һȼյĸ¥Ѿ˴Ű
ʱվƹ޹˵ȣһЩŮЩѾӺվƹﳷˣΨаȻڴƷš
˫Ŀ죬Ҳ֪ⳡ޷ˣеŭȫҪйƷˡ
֪ƷĶ֣ﻹǴŭˣɱʹң
ңɼΪҪɱƷʹѪˡ
λ֣ǰڣλ֣ŶĿĺ⣬ٶȳƷ硣
һΣҲûôɵˣţΧĽѾ籡ֽΪ˿ճĿռ䣬ǾǸƷ֮ŻҵĻлһâ
ݣݣ
һǿĽâ˺ƿ˴𣬴ݻһǽ棬ƲĽâȻļƷ硣
Ʒһȥâʣµâȴֱӻӽ˹ȥ
һ
ըһƬ𣬶Ķһľǽ£ӿʢ
Ʒǽâĵֵ֮УҲǲɺ˼ǰȼģƷӰ
ﱬ˫ŭȵɱȥ
Ȼ䣬ǾŶıӻܲĳ˻֮Уգ۱ͿɫƷ硣
ƷһЦûӣȴ͵һţǹпҪĵذ֮кݺݵһ̤
䣡
һ죬ǴĵذҲܲסǿѹԵһ°ǿĻ˱ĳ¡
ʲô
һ󾪽У˫űأûмʱĽӣӾǹ԰ĵذ׷׾ĵȥ
䣡
һ죬ڵذӰ죬ǱǱȼյòƲ¥һƬź䵹
ǽ֮£͵ĴѸٵڶ¥ȼǿʼӵһ¥£һɵĺһ㣬Ӻվƹֱðɢʡ
վƹ֮⣬ǿһҫ֮£һƬе˶ĦⳡĪĴˡ
ԼںվƹݵΧ֮УӿͷⳡȼյĴֻܰ̾ϧȻû˻ȥɵɵİģʹˮϵħʦĻѾûˡ
Ͼǿͻ֮£ôﵽħʦľˮƽϧûУУҲûȥվƹݡ
ԣעⳡϮ֮£ǿʢĺվƹݣڡ
ⳡУȻżӰ
ͷİǣڴ֮УŶ㣬Ҳ
ǶȫķŭˣǰЩ¶Ѿ˶Խҵջ󣬷׷ҧгź޲ҪƷɱˡ
ϧƷȴʧ˴֮С
ŭ쵰СӸҹӶҪƤ
˵꣬һ֮УͻȻһը֮죬Ƭȼյľɽ
һѭȥ֮һӰ
ʱƷҲŭʢŭ˿˫ȼһ͵ڳһ֣֮ħĲٿ֮£ΧһǿٵӿƷߣ𽥳ΣһĻĻƷ
ˣӵлϵħħʦһ֮УǾ¡
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󾪣Ȼãɢ
䣬ǵܷɢ˿
ȻƷǿĲٿ֮£ǹĴζһһ׷˰ǡ
ǿĻֲѣû뵽ǿƷ羹ֻӵǿħ֮ŭʲôǿ߼ħħʦ۷弶пʩչ
⣬Ҳ̫ˣôħأǿ˱̬
ʵˣʹǶţֻ֮֮ѡӽȥӲƴ
飡飡
һĻǱǸ˺ƿˣҲŪǱǻı֮£ģͷҳɽ
˴ŭȴΪƷξǹʧˣȴǱƵ÷ɢ˿ɶڰԼǿҵѹ֮£еİﾹǵһεĸо˿־壬òƿڴ
Сˣ־ͳӲ㣡
MD

ŭ֮Уĳ֮УһӰֵһλС
Ըһ
˴󾪣λѡĿĽȴŵһ֣ת͵Ļҵľһնȥ
ݵһźӹȴûлκεĿꡣ
һ̣ƷǹӰѾٶλֵͳһ֣ݺݵ˵Ĳӣһض
꣡
ѪɽλֵĵɴѪ˿˫ۣӿѪȥ
ɱ
ͬʱŭһڼƷˣɸͬķҫһǿҵĺ⣬ΧƷ硣
ƷһȻĽ޵סԼһǽֵؿаγ˱ŭһͳƷͷն¡
ʹΣƷҲǻȻ壬ŭǱһֽ𽣣ȥ
䣡
һ죬֮ˣǿҵĶ֮Ⱪɢ˹ˣ˳ƬĻˣƷ𽣣гŵ̫ڳء
䣡
һһ㵣¥Ȼְǿ͵ĻƱˡǿҵһ𣬵˹֮У˼ŰټĺվƹݸܴѾˡ
֮УαûİǵɢŶ㣬ľҲ˲ǡ
ǣڱѹ֮µƷȴǱѹ˷֮С
ˣ
㵣µǽ̸ǵĹ棬ƷǱѹ档һ˵Ѿˣ
Ȼƽά˲ãЩѻĻ֮Уһ쾪һǿ¾Ǳը˿һȼľµĻɽ˿ǵֵɢ
ţһϵӰ˳ͷϣָ

һŭĺУХȾãںվƹΧ۵ȺڣɿֲƸסˡ
ӣƴ֮£һǿƻǿ磬Ųˣɢ
ǿɫ֮£ڵжͷŶֵǹǿ͵Ļˡ
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޿֮УƷӰ֣ϵҲѾȫıˡ
˵ղֻһͨӣڣƷһͷʨӣһͷŭޱȵʨӡ
ûƷͻˣڷŭĴ̼֮£þδͻƵ磬Ѿʽ̤˵㾳磬нǿߡ


135 
ϣоƷƺǿ࣬ǸоƷϵĶϢԭһ
ʧȥ˺վƹݣʹǷŭѣСӲƶѣһɱÿ˶ʹң
ÿʹңǷˡ
ЩԭµĽ֣ǿɹ۲Ƹջ֮£̼㵴Ȼȫޡ
ûȻʧһ飬λֻɱƷ
漴˱Ѹٵķɢ˸Ʒ硣
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ϣ
һȫŶĿĺ⣬ճȥΧλҲͬʱ֣˲γ˰Χ֮УסƷһж
ಣ
һɫ⾹ڻзɳۣ׺δǰ৵ĻӹȥһĽ
âܼޱȣƷȥ
ԭΪƷ㡣
ɲ֪ƷȻ˫ڵһ㣬粻
͵ģƷһὣתһȦһϬĽ϶ɣպóһԲ֮ΣΧסԼӡ
飡飡
һδƷϣ㱻һȥĽ׷׻ƣ⻪ɢڻ֮С
ʲô
˴󾪣һֹǿǶȫû뵽Ʒ赭дһ֮£ûƷ絽γֵģ˵ǿϮ㱻ȥˡ
ڳ֮УƷ͵̧𣬲һĨɱ׹⡣
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ֲˣ
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˱ƷԭվĵطٵĻ㼯ȥ
׼£һʱһӰּԭĵط˳
֮Уǲɴ󾪣û뵽ƷͻȻˣƾճֵһ㣬ԷӦǳٶ֮죬Ѿ˱ˣɴͨͨɫһݣӽΧƷɱ˹ȥ
ɣ
ǷԾ֮ߣӻŶֱնƷ硣
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͵ģƷеĳһ΢һ£Ʒһ
անӰ
һ£ǶʱΪֲһĻֻƷеĳֻǼζһȦѡ
ǣ⿴һμƺƳһɿֲĽ֮ХƺһɿֲľǾΪΣȴǱʵʵĹҪӵĿ¡
ݣ
һߵķɽһѪ
飡飡飡
һص죬ॵһ֮һӰͨͨĵڵء
ΨУһˣֲűǾƵ֮ΧЩ֣ؿ֮УһֱӿԿѪڣ˫۾ֵ䵹ڵء
Ļǳ׵Ŀ־סˣƷղһȥһǻûл˵ӣƫƫǹÿ˵ؿ˺ѿѪڣһܵ˽ȻؿС
һֻһλ֣һغˣ˻еʧȥˡ
棬˰ɣƷӰһ˰ǰŵĲƽ˰
𡭡
ŵֵĶƷ磬ŵĳȴھҵķ֮ȵҺ塣
û뵽һý֣վƹݵһ֮Ǳ˸ų˵ȥ°ԺҲûˡ
ƷȻޱ飬ɫ˫۽Űﻺ
ŵþʧ룬ֱŵ˫ȾǲܶˣֻڳһŲӲϵţһųƷ磬һӱ飬ѾܲסƷıѹֻܿ󡭡ˣ
ʵǱȫһ㣬еջɣЦľǰﾹŵÿ˳
ϧƷţ𽣣ƽ˰
ҲܲסѹŭһһǽеĳƷϷ˹ȥ
һ
˲ͱƷе𽣸סˣ˼ľǣ𽣾Ǵһ㣬εģƷеתš
￴ӾǸĳתţ۾챻Ūſúܴ
ͻȻƷǱ߲ĨһЦеһΣǽĳͻȻ
һ
ҽһ͵һұ֮УԭԼĳǴԼұۣǽ˵ϡ
󡭡㣬ɱɱҰɣһʹ죡ʹĿţǺ죬Ӿҳ鴤žһš˵ʹĥ
ɱ㣡̫СˣƷӣʹİ
ֱͨУ㵽ôҵľƹݶˣ
Ǻǣֻ֪˭ҵˡƷʡ
֪ʣҪ˵Ļȥҿ񻢼壡
֪ҲҪһȥҪˣ
쵰ɱң
ɱ㻹ŪҵءƷ۰յĵվƹӦӶвʷ˰ɣǿ϶׬˲ٰɣܽ˽µĲƲҵĻҿԿǷ㣡
һŭУҶ㣡ɱң
Ǻǣڿɲ㣡ƷһЦݵһȭڰϣֱӱˣѪֱʹö˹ȥ
Ʒ־һ㣬ٵ̽ȥ˰ؿڣϾ˳ЦǺǣ׬ò֮Ӧòٰɣ
쵰ңŭӣȴְֿƷһȭɵȥ
ƷЩϾȴǱɱԼҪӵʹ࣬Ѫʤ
ƷϸĿ˿еļϾ˰ЦǺǣϵĶһá
˵꣬ﻹûзӦƷǺݵһȭϮбƳ˴ڵѪѪպЩϾϡ
ɣƷǿ͸ǼϾУǾȵķ֣⼸ſǧĽҡ
ȻЩϾħƷ˵ֻСƶѣ˰ϵľѪ֮ǿľ㽫нҶתƵƷϾС
￴Ļʹֱ˹ȥ
ߣ̰³һȥҪ˰ɣƷۻ赹İʧ˹֮С


136 󷽴
񻢼壬ʹվӰ
ˣϢյˣǰúվƹѾȼˣǸСӸɵİɣλǿ߹ĵ
Ǻǣû뵽СӵķӦͦġһЦ̾ǿϧ˺վƹƷˡ
ˣǲǸʲôжˣ
ǾžͿˡ
ȣ
ûѾҪ߸˰ɡ
޼ΪյһЦɫһӡ
λǿֻǸ𱣻޶ѣڿ޵ֶΣԶԶ޷ĥ͸ġȻҲʵĿҲΪӶǿ񻢼ص峤ˣΪеıȴǻҪӵĿ¡
ãʹ֮⣬һλ˽
塭峤ˡһر㾪ŴС
ʲôʲôˣ޳ʵ
⡭˴ˣϻץźվƹݵĹݳ
ţܺã˵ˡ޵˵ͷȥɣ˶Ҫ֣ɡ
šȫɵסˡ
Ҫ˵ڶ𣿡ɫ
ǡǣСȥ졣ŵһ֣µʹ˳ȥ
ʱڿ񻢼ĴſڣһɫƷһŷеǱһֽ𽣣һ߽˿񻢼档
ΧվһȺֳ֮࣬ŭĶƷ磬ɱڰӡ
㡭ǶǺվƹݵĹݳǵ峤ԽֿѣҪҪҵĻ㡭ǿɶе𡣡ﾪֵҽţҪЩĳɱ˹ǰʣµûˡ
ǣЩССЩ󣬱ԥŲҶˣֻܽİΧƷ硣
жޱȵľվƹݵĹݳɲС߱ŽʵȴǱһλƲ۵вţҲʵ̫Խ˰ɡ
ϾƷֻоһɲƣȴָоκϢΨһֿܣƷԽԼڵȫֻĸֲˣȫĥ͸˾ɫƷǿʵ
ֵľǣЩƷ羹Ϥĸо벻Ϥ
ȷʵ֮ǰƷ紳񻢼壬ߵĴ磬ƷѾȫȫ¶ҴӴµĺվƹ֮ܳƷ϶ҲЩǱȻЩҲ޷뵽ͬһˡ
Ʒͷβƺûо¹ЩΧԼЩ˶Ʒ˵ֻЩ϶ѡ
ƾϤļ䣬ƷһѾȫʧȥϵİ̤һԺС
ʱλȽϴ󵨵Ժſڡ
վסٽһĻǾͶ㲻ˣһλвŭΧ׳ĽΧŶƺƷ硣
ƷһƽûЩȴŵƨʧҪǧҪ㡭ǿɸΰ
ߣ峤µĻǾ͸ˡɫһݳԲסˣֹû
ԣȻһңôԼôù
󣬱λӽŭɱƷ磬ϱǿҵ⡣
ʦʵͨ˵ȴǿ˰ٱƷ˵ǰЩߵĺͯѣ˲һ
Ʒ翴࿴һֿۣһϬĽλȻסˣΪǵĳδնϵ㶼һӣֱէ֡

һ󾪽Уλõŵ뿪Ⱥ֮С
ƷճҲɱǣӲҪɱ˵ĻҲģ
Уһǿƣѹ˹ȥŵΧЩвҲǿʵ̫˰ɡ
ɼ䣬ǾȻηļ˼ƾŶػ񻢼ʹȻû˿еָƷ硣
ƷɫһǶǲҪ˰ɣ
ģƷٶȾ𽣣Ľ⣬ںҹ˸â
˲ɺ˿ڿˮһɫĪ侹Ƕͷųǿὣסˡ
ţ
һİһλڿ񻢼ݵλӴȺ˳

һ¶һ˿ϲɫɢһͨ
Ʒ˫ӹȥ䲻λֶѣΪʵôҲ׼ģ
峤رҷԸصȥ̸̸
ޣƷƺϣ㵭Ǻðɣ̴ȥǵ峤
ǡأͰ͵ʡ
㵱Ȼһȥ㻹û߳ĻҾͲ֪ˡƷ۰
ɫһƬɫֿιȥˡ
漴λӵ֮£Ʒһּȫİȥ
ӼýƷоӤСвɰ˿ԼʵûȰǿء
ڣλųӴ죬ΧЩڽѰĶ˿ղƷţǿɶŵÿˡ
˲ãƷ类Ӵ˿񻢼Ļʹ֮С
ˣѴӹĵ
ƷŰ˽һ򾲵ĿɫޱĽǿڵȴš
ţȥɡ޵
ǣӱ㹪ȥ
ƷһֱӽеİһˤأʹðҽС
͵ģһ̧ͷǰĿޣϲĵ峤ʵ̫ˣҰ
޲мıǱİ˫۽Ʒ磬ЦǺǣû뵽ôּˡ
Ʒ統ȻôɵղԼƭıĿޣصǰұûҪôͻģЩȴҲò
ãҲ㣬ǲºú̸̸ԵüΪ򾲡
šƷ΢΢˵ͷѰλ£ԵøΪ򾲡
Եλǿ߿ʱ׼˰ν׼ĿƷÿһϸ΢ĶȴԵɻôŹãƷΪξͷһЩı仯أ
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137 ҹɱҹ
һΣڿԺúõĴһƷˣȴǰסˡ
֣Ʒϣȫ͸¶һ㾫⣬ԲһλµУֻоĥ£Ż˵
ҪĻƷ䣬ôţҲ޷ʹﵽ˿µʵ硣
ͬƷҲϸĴſޣԿ޴ޱȣƶˣѰĸֻҪѶԸϧľǣô㣬Ҳ㲻ԼĶ˼ҵУҲ㲻Ʒ羹תۼʵֵõʵͻơ
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þãЦǺǣСѿνΪ½λǲɣ֪СǴӺζز˼򵥾һ۵Ӷɣ
˼ˡƷһƽ˫ſ޼ˣǺһȲģ㲻᲻֪ҵ⣬ҵ˷˰ɡ
ʹ죬Ǿ̸̸ɡ޴ЦŰﳯƷʣ̸

һ㶣Ȼ֪˵Լпɲ֪жŭޣʲô˼Ǻվƹǿ񻢼ôã𣿡
ֻǱ˴ùϵѣȻڶûüֵڻ̸Ϻ𣿡޲м
㡭࣬ƿڴȴǱƷеĳһģһȼĶһ㣬ʹҽУֱĴ˼
ﻹֲ˵ƷޣʣǺãҪſϷˣ
Ǻǣܼ򵥣ǵϴҺòħɭﲶ׽˾飬ȴǱƻˣԴǾЩ֮Ǿħɭ֮ãҲ֪ͨڰɡЦʵ
ΣƷ䵭Ļص֮У֪ĻһСʯ顣
ƷĻв¶ȵ̰֮⣬ҾͲˣҪ˵ĻͰץŮŮ黻һͬ飬Σ
Ů黻һͬ飡Ʒŭ޿ݰ
ɣƷֱλԼĽǿߣô˵ĴڻӰ̸УѾ˾ģȳš
Ʒ˼ʣô𣿡
Ȼ⡣ƷҲ֪ӶŲһССӶŶѣǶ˵Ҳֻһп޵öѣЩһĻǾ˰ɡ
㣡ŭھɱǣ
Ǻǣ㡣ƷһЦͻȻվӣſޣҵиⲻ֪ҪҪ̸̸
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Уɱң𣿡Ʒ֮Աǣɫ͵һҿȥ˵ѣ
͵ģƷ𽣣ƶ
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ݣ
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飡
ʹһ޷֮£޵羹ǱʯͷˣһѪŷɽ˳ǿ͵ĳֱ֮ӽ޸Ƶ
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ʱƷѾٵԾһ֮Уŷ°ΧԼλЦޣţȥȥ
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⡰ͷʵǿǶǳѾܶԸķΧˣƷȥΨλǿ߻׷Ʒ硣
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Ȼ޴һ˫ȭ嵽˰ǰ⵽ȭըùİʹ۴Уκһ˿ûС
ʱںҹ֮УӰڼٵڸзɳš
ǰһӰ޹ɫȴǼޱȡȴǾһɫ⣬߼ʼնһľ롣
ߣ׷ɣ׷ɣ¾ÿˣƷ簵Цٶֲɼӿ˼֣һ롣
λǿߴ󾪣ķ֣Ʒñ֮ǰҪӿˣԼôʹ׷ȻƷ籣һĲࡣҼƷǰɵӣλǿ߿ʼЩ̫Ծ
ýǿߣôᱻһСŻסأ
ɣλǿɫһݣڵĶʢ˳ٶͽȻ䷭
Ʒһ㶣һЦ
һӣ˾ǳ嵽Ӷǵĳǰˡ
ǳŶû˿صģƷһԾɵԾ˳¥֮⡣
λǿһȻòԾǸŲʵĳ嵽˳⡣
ǣλǿһڳ֮ʱǾ㵵ķ֣ƷڿĴ֮С
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ȻĪһ磬Ʒɫ¡
ţƷתӣ̧ͷϷ˸ɫ̾ҹɱҹ


138 һս
ҹ֮£ޱߴأ΢磬ʱվӰĶš
ҽа˹ɱ֮λǿ߳ĵָ˸źĳ
Ʒ磬ͽˡƷŵӦ
Ʒ磡˹һȻڼд½ʢľƷ磡
Ǻǣҵ治СƷ絭һЦ
ţѹˣһսֵˡ˹ͷࡣ
ֵˣøˣΪѾ֪ҵݡƷɫһ
Ȼ֮СҿɲΪʵƿסҵˡ˹мЦ
ǵԲ֪Ʒһ䣬һ
һ£Ʒ˫Ħŵ棬һɳ˰˹ǰ
˹һƷ֣󾪣Ʒٶƣ֮ǰĽȫˡ
֮£˹һ᳤ɫĹ⻪гУ׼ĳƷһն˹ȥ
ݣݣ
ϬĽ⣬磬ƷȻɫ޹⣬̺ޱȵǿᡣ֮˹ϻӶĳɫĿһӱסݡ

һһն˫˫һһ̶Ľ֮ӿһɹƲ˹һƬ̳
˽ȻһŭĿӣų͹ס֮£ֱȴǱһǿ͵ķ֮Ƶò
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뵽ڴˣϾȻ֮˹Ǿֻȡʤˡ
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ݣ
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飡
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һҪеƷؿڣƷ羹ǹһЦ͵һһֳŵأͳ˫ţǳųİ˹˫Ϻݺݵ˹ȥ
ʲô
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139 һͷ
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ȻҽʱҾһֱšƷȻһĮ
𣿡˹мһ
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УУ˹ȴ˶ּƷԭпͼˡ
ݵһзһĽ⣬˹ģӰѾӳдƷ硣
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׳գ
ͻȻӰ˹һ˲Ȼ
˹ɫ䣬͵һתӭƷϵӭͷǿ͵ն

˹һӦҲ죬͵ĻһȫԷƵȥϻûȫʹȫ
һһƬ̳𣬰˹ֿųȴǱƷӣ˫±ǾѹùѿҲԼĳƵУɫѪһʹ
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˹Ǻ죬һڵĶڵըһϽӶȼһǿҫɫâƷ罣
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˹ʹһؿǰĶ˲㱻ƷһŸ٣ǿֱϮؿڣеĳֱӵ˳ȥһƬ̳

˹ݵһ嵹ڵأǱٶ˴Ѫǰ̵Ľӡ
ô͸ϲ𣿡ƷһЦ
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ݣ
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ʲô
˹һ֣˱ǱײǵӲǽ֮С
飡
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˫ȭδ˹־ļһɫĽԼĲϺм˹ȥȻһ̣˹ǿԼԼԽԽԶʶҲǽʧ
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ߣɱҲٰɡ
Ʒһ䣬ʰ־ץǿͷ­ֱӶǵķȥ


140 ǿ̸
ԴӰ˹׷Ʒȥ񻢼ȻսţΪδ֪ǿʱпܻ֡
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㣬ҵ˿²ǰ˹ɣ˵١Ʒ˫ſޡ
һ㶣ʣ㻹
Ȼǳ֮죡Ʒɫһв㲻ӢŵĻͺúøҺţ
㣡öѪˣʹİӣһݵãҴӦ㣡÷ķҺҶӣ
ȻԴ巢ġƷЦ
ߣҸô
ȴȥץҵɣԻǸô
ãȳǰɣһλãҵĶӱ
ţҴӦ㡣Ʒ˵ͷԳ𸮣һա
޻δӦ˲䱻һĪľ˽ȥȻ㵽һδ֪Ŀռ䡣
ǺǣⶫԽԽˣƷһЦֱӽ𸮸С
ƷʹߵģƺͻȻʲô˼ͣסˣԵޱȵ䡣


141 һҹޱ
Ʒߣ۵ڵʹŤĿһۣͻȻһЦ۳һȵĻš
ʱʹеĿģļƷŻţֵĴУ
̫ˣǾһҲʹ˽ɣƷһЦϵĻԽӵĿҡ
Ȼ䣬Ʒ羹ǽеĻ͵˳ȥ̼ʹбȼһ
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쵰СˣҪɱ㣡
ŭһ֪Ӻ͵Ĵһгȫǿҵ⣬˫ֳצٵץƷ硣
㻹ƷɫһתһỮһɼһϬĽϮȥ
ݵһ
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ͨһ㵹һ֮У˲ס˿ȫմĿʹš
İѱ޴òˣȫ޷ֻֽܿŻϮ
ţʹȼ˴
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˴󾪣һƷ磬ŭޱȵƷǰɱ˹ȥ
ɱ
һҵĺɱ֮ʮλ֮סͳɱڣ޲ܱߵĻ档
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͵ģƷͻȻǰ̤һ˲ӵǰ
˻δӦƷϵɨˡ
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һ̣˵ľ֮УƷ͵תһطỮ
ݵһɼһѪɽĲѾһޱȵѪֵۣĵɴ˫۵ȥ
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ˣЩҲסˣƷȴǶЩһ㶼ȤƷֻɱһЩɱҪѡ
˵˽ĵĻƷȷʵǻ˽ģΪԺӶţΪԼѲܵ˺Ʒֻɨµϰ񻢼峣ԷūΪӪ°ɣҲô½ܵ˲ٵֺ
ƷΪһλߣǰоǳУ򱧲ƽԳȥ񻢼˵Ҳһ洦
Ʒ㲻ȥЩͻȻһԾֱӴЩͷϴȥգ۱ͳ嵽ȼĻʹ֮⡣
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ƷɫһһգһԾƽչĬдʡ
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˿Ļִħħħʦ
̫ˣΪƷֻһλǿĽߣ˳֮µĻϵħû뵽Ʒ羹λ߼ħʦЩѾ׵ľסˡ
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һĻڵһĳ£һԺһ죬ӶϮ
֮裬Ϊϵħе߼ħħƻΧ㡣
ԣת֮䣬޴Ŀ񻢼壬̼ѱϮˡ
ʱڿ񻢼УĿһӿӵӰЩ̰֮ˣû٣ܿϧЩ˶ûӹϮ
֮ӵĻܹߵģֻв֮ˣвŻᱻϮ
ʱڹ֮УƷĮӰ˳ţհɣհɣӴ˺Ҳ㲻дˣ
ģƷǹȵӰѾʧ˻֮С
쿴ҲŻˣ
У˾
˴󾪣ѭȥվƹݵĲԶ֮һƬ졣
˷Ӧǿ񻢼ȼ֮ʱȴһεľסˡ
һ϶ûйȥӶ֮أվƹ񻢼壬Ȼȼ˴𡣿֪Ⲣһɺϣɵ˭أ
վƹݣȻ㲻ʲô񻢼Ǳ鲼½ܸȥ񻢼ĶԿˣж٣
񻢼屻ȼգҲǸеǳʹġϾڴ½֮УԹ޵ľūĿ񻢼ˡ
ʱĳһ˵СУƷĮӰ˳
ţڰҲԳһɫӰ
߰ɡƷ䵭ĵ
ǵӰƷ磬߳Ӷ֮ǣû˻ȥ⵽ǵĴڡ


142 ħ
İ֮أֲָ
ţģڰУһγ
Ӧþǿˡ
ŮչºڣоΧһУֻǱһӲһǽɫ֮УŲŲӣһ塣
һ
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ͻȻԣ㴫Ϥƣ۵ȣô£ôţôˣ
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ԣһĺȵߣ޳Сˣеһ
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һԾӡ
ߣ˭ǵĴˣȻҲ³İߵ
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˵ţӱŭĦ˹
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ڻħǵþȣǲӶţȴǾסˡ
ӶŲʧ𣿡Ⱦʡ
紫ԣиBӶţӶţԴAӶŵʵ֮󣬱ڴ½ϢʧˣӶɵ٣ӶҲвСû뵽ʧѾõĲӶž񻢼˵¹ᡣ
ǲӶſǺպôʧأӵĵ
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λûлشȵĻɫеſȼЦֵܣ椵ɫԺҪȥūģȺúһ
ԣɫ䣬ŭåҵĻҾԻɱǣ
ɱ𣿡λİӵı˹ȥ
쵰Щ޳Сˣ־ͳã
ȣһɱǣ

ŭɫţƴţȻ޷
ģħӰѾڸס˿ȡ
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ϧں޷֮µĿȣֹλӵĿ
쵰Ҫɱǣ
˫Ŀ죬˷ŭš
椵һλһָһ¿ȵ
ȫһ󷢶˫Թ޷ŭ˫۶Ҫɱһ㣬ŭǸҷſҵĻһɱǣ
㶼˵˵ˣѵǻôɵȥſ𣿡λŤЦǳªǶĵ촽Ҫ׷ȵˡ

ǷŭʵĿţƴȫѾǱһѪۡ
ųªףоħǿĽ˫ۣĽеƷ磡ң
ͻȻһ
λӾǱ˸׷ɳȥһ㣬ݺݵײ˼ӲĶ֮С
һԭϲǰһλӣ֪ѣȴ˸סˡ
ӹһ٣Ȼھֵĳš
λӣӾ֣æų
ߣѷԸЩ˲ҪٸҴʲôĻھҪǵһ
ԣλŵһ亹ȫֱ£һ
һǰλӾǲӶŵĸųһҡ
ʱۿǣ漴ֶλӳ˵СĿţ
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λæͷӦţκεĲ
漴ӱ뿪ˣλӰ˰亹ٴȵעˡ
ȻˣȻе˾ǼʹƷ漣ˣô½е˶ѰĻħƷôܻҵأ


143 붴
𣿡Ʒɻ
ʱƷɭᰣſӶ֮ǵĶʮ⡣
ǣյʲôûУֻйЩʯ顣
ûˡ޵˵ͷߵЩʯ֮Щʯͷ𣿡
ţƷ粻⣬ʯͷɲ٣鲼ƺرĹɡ
޽͵ĿʯͷǱȽϴģǿħĹؼ
ٷϻֻܴǽȥͿˡƷ粻ͷĵ
ߣɱ̸õߵ
ҼǵãƷۿޡ
ʲôвһֲԤУѵΥǵ𣿱ڻ֪ͨħڣûҵĻǵʵҲ޷ǵİȫӶŵʵɲô׶Ըġ
ˣֻ뵽һõıϷѡƷ˵꣬㲻ɻޱɭᰡ
һǰλʵδ֪ĺڰħʦɭᰵʱĪĿ־塣ɭޱܼľʵ㡭ǵʲô
˵ţɭͻȻһ̽гһǿҵĺڹ⡣
һ֣УȴǺ䱻ʲôסһ㣬ǽвȫǱһɿֲ޷ֻܿ־ĶɭᰵһưԼͷϡ
͵ģ˫۱ͻԵüʹ࣬Ǻڹ⾹һ㣬ֱ˿޵ͷ֮С
þãɭջ֣Ҳͷ󺹣죬ŭʣСӣǵ׶ʲô
ǺǣΪ˰ȫҲΪܺúõǣҵѾһħκһ˿Υ֮ĵĻͽᱬʱɾʬ޴ˡоҪģΪԼܹһ˾ͿûµĻҾٷȰ㣬ĶڻµʱǳĻĶҲһúܲҡƷв
ߣû뵽¾˵ıҧгݵ
ûǱרŶԸЩС˵ġƷ粻мĵ
Ǻ׼˰ɣҲֶζԸǿ񻢼塣
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Ȼ޶ôΪˣƷҲֻ˳ˮ۵ЦûǺ׼ˣǿ񻢼ʵĻܿԡ
ߣСǿ񻢼壬Ǻ׼ԻΪ¶صĴۣ
ٳˣڶѱˣڻǸϿǽ뻢ħɡƷѵľǣúúȻɶǳġ
İɣҿ˵ҲñΥŵԣ޺ݺݵĻص
ϻôȥ
ܼ򵥣ı߶ɢʯͷ֮Уÿһһ鿴Ƚϴʯͷʯ涼ǿյģֻҪĸʯͷϸһ£ȻͻӦˡ䵭˵
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ƷˣջھҲλҲԼԼһ
λӴ֮ܵС
ܵʵ֮ãȻףܵߣŶ̾룬Щ΢ĺħƣܵ治ڡ
Ʒֵľǣܵʮף˵ĻӦ㣬ɺѣڶƷȴûиеκεĲʡ
Ʒ粻һѵ滹ͨ
ǣܵ漫ǸӣƷǿľҲȫ͸Ϊ˱Ʒ綼Լٶ˲ڵ붴ϻЩǺţԷ⡣
ɼƷ˾Ƿǳǵģܵײ㣬Ǿȵķ֣Ķͨ˴ÿһᵽÿһǰרŵפءƷԽӵľ̾ǿԼĻ˵ȥˣԼҪЩˡ
뵽ڴˣƷأӶܹڵص½һģӴĶķѵľԲǶ̶ʱɵģҲ֪ӶŵʵȷʵǷͬѰ
þãת˺üͻȻÿɽʮ֮ûףվЩʵ򵥣¶нʦʵ¼
Щһ֮ʱԵüǹƷɭᰣȴɻסˡǻᾭħûκε½һξȻλ¡
Ʒɭͬޱ飬ȫķŲڱֻܵʺϵʱƷǾԾͻˡ
ҪľǣȾȳǡ


144 ð
ѾãȻʣһ۵Ķ
ˣǵˡһλӹЦ
ţȥɡ޵ĵ
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λӹֶӭվڶ
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λߣҲһλɫӣʵҲǴﵽ˽ʼһλһλ׷ߣֳַȣƷľ֪̽ӵħʦʵµĵطǣԲ߾λͬʱӵϵϵħʦ
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ûȻôʧĻҽ˴ȥԺǵ鷳֪ǾΣƷʵв͵͵ֳ𸮡
ʸ̸𣿡ӳĵ
ȻУҿǺ׼Ĵү֪ݹƷһɫʡ
׼壡
ӵһҲǱһ׼Ǵ½ʵǿģԸɱ֯ᣬҪһССAӶŵĻǾ׾ٵ顣ɭᰵĴڣҲûһƷ١
Ʒе⣬ЩϹˣջԵЦǺǣǲӶҲģǺ׼ȿ񻢲ɣҿ硭
󾪣ŭɣⱰСˣ
žһƷĸ˿һ⣬Ц˼û˵ķݡ漴ƷֶԺʣôⲻɣ
ߣǸ㣿
ǺǣҺ׼͸ǿƷЦһЦڳһ֣ƺڻЩʲô
˽ƷÿһǶľƷ磬ѵƷں׼ˣ


145 ֮
ʵ˵Ʒ˵ЩڲӶſһջ
˵һ֣ӶԺ޷񻢼ˡͶһȻԺӶ޷ڴ½ˡ
޲֪Ʒ羹һУЩ֮ɫ֮ǰΪİɫھһֶûˡ
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ʱƷѾóһ֮֮ȴ˿Ϊ
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148 иɻ
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ɼһֻȭͷľ룬Զ޷Խһѽľ롣


149 Զĳ
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رѣϵħе߼ħʺ½Ⱥսʹãǿ͡
ʱ䣬֮УǹƿѺۣٵܡ
˴󾪣֮УδƷǵǰѿĶоŷ׷˵
ħħ
һУԵޱȵľ֣û뵽Ʒ粻ӵǿ似ϵħ֮Ͼ֮ǰƷչֵĻϵħѾ㹻ˡ
ڣǶƷ統ǹˣҲǳĺڣȥʵ̬Ĺ
ϧΪʱ
ʱƷǾı˫ۣĬеľȻԾˮԪء
ûƷǳĵض֮УѾﵽ˷˼ȣص洢ŴԾˮԴ
ԣƷ׼ȥٿˮԴ˴رѣչֵԽԽ¡
¡¡
ضڷҡţ˶ĸоض棬ƺйɸΪֲҪһ㡣
죡ֹһ˾ִС
ģӰն𣬻ӽħƷ
ˣ˻ɭ᰸ֲĴڡ
˲䣬ɭᰵӰŲƷǰ趯ŷȣһɺڹٵĻ۵ɭᰵķ֮С
˴󾪣֮£Ľâȥ
ľǣǺžǻ˵Ĺһ㣬еĽâ֮ʱͨͨΪ˻ҽ˶סˡ
һ̣ɭ趯ķͻȻ䶨סˡ
͵ģǱըһɢ˿һ͵ĺڹⳤϯ˳ȥ
ɫ䣬֮ʱеĳǰڵж
飡飡
һ죬ЩڹⳤеˣеûУǺڹⳤеϮлΪس
̫ǿˣûκƷǵĶֱ֣һŰ
Ѿûѡˣ֪ǰǻӣҲǻȥĻǾһ˿ϣûˡ
Ȼ䣬мӰֱ
͵ģƷ˫һˣ
Ʒ趯ţǣŶлԾˮһᡣ
Ȼ䣬һ𣬹ѵĵһһ׳ˮƬʯɽ
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˾ޱȣһƬңȺ׼ȥ
ϧ˻ûӽ֮УһھȻˣ˳ƬĳһʹĺУʮ˾ݵĶĻˡ
ԭصѹˮԴǱѹŵģʹôر֮ЩѹˮԴᱬټƷˮĿƣˮѾȫ緢˳ЩƵĵ棬Ѿ޷ȥ͵ˮˡ
ʵµĲǾ˼򵥣ⶴĹһֱƽŵģѾʧȥƽ⣬ˮȫӿʱ¶ȫ˶޷ӹ˽١
ƷҲ֪أ׼һɭߣ
ģƷһԾƾżеĶ·ߣԭĶпٵȥɭȫƾƷ־£㲻Щ˾Ʒٵȥ
ƷȥĵطҲ˶ȥĵط
͵ģƷ˫ǶУĽ˸Լλӵ
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̼䣬ҽЩ˲ǱˮûǱЩľʯ漫Ҳ̶á
Ϊ˻ʱ˭Ҳ˵˭Ψгſɱס
ƷɭǰͷģһȺˣһȺ֮󣬱Ӵһˮˮǳ˵ĹϮ
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˶ˣϵļڵǱܣݺĶмٵĳšҡεĶųƬʯ£ÿһ̶ʹĲҽ
Ʒ絹ǼΪĵƾļ䣬һЩδȥļǺţƷѾҵȥĶ·ߡ
ƷǲЩ˸ӳġ
͵ģƷͻȻԾӣڿһתڵĻ֮ħӿ
ӰӰӰ
ʧеȺų˳֮ĮƷ֮ʱǸоĩղԶˣΪ˻ǻǷĻӽ׷׳Ʒ硣
ƷɫһȵΪټӰѻɣ
ҡ桪֮裡
һŻ
˲䣬Ще˶ĿõƷǰ֮һӴĻǺһӿ˳
ǻ𣡡
˾ִУ֮£һȺ˱㱻ȵĻϮˣ˲㱻ȼգʹĴײţˮǼϮ˹
Ȼ䣬˱ˮϮ֮£׷׶ûˡ
ʱƷѴɭᰣֱͨ
һ
ƷɭڴӶг嵽棬Ҳӿһ󣬷Բ֮أǿֲİ֮
ǵصеĶ磬ѾȫıˣһУԶԶʧˡ


150 ̹
ޱƹݡ
˾ƹӶ֮ǵıۣĶ⣬վƹݽȻֻͬṩʳסޡ
ԴӺվƹ񻢼һҹ֮䱻شȼ֮ޱƹݱΪӶľۼˣԭ嵭ҲǱûæǲɿ
̨ϵķԱʲôŮֻһλΪͨĸŮȴ˫˫ֺۣŽյ˵
ʱͻȻȺŮ߽ޱƹݡ
ˣȽˣҲԵñȽͨǲû̸Щ˵ע⡣
ûͨҲƷˡ
ﻹпͷ𣿡ﳯǸŮʵ
ǸŮۿǣʲôر𣬱ЩĵĻصûˣȥɡ
ھֻƹˡεĵ
Ǻǣǿɾû취ˣͷڶѾˡŮһЦ
һʮӲӵĽұ㵹ǹ̨ϡ
ŮһЩң˫۶Ȼ̧ͷȥλɫԼ㹧ʣʲôҪ𣿡
ҪͷҲƷˡ
治˼˵Ǽ䣬ھһ䶼ղˡŮεĻص˫ȴһֱû뿪Щ̨ϵĽҡ
ЩǸСѣа취ġƷ絭
ԣŮϲóһӣЦǺǣԵȣҲ鿴ҼǵӦмͷҪ˷ˡ
ô鷳ֱӴǼ䷿ȥɡƷһƽ
Ůһ㶣૵ĻصǡǺðɣλ
šƷ΢΢ͷ
ϲĸŮ˹̨ϵЩңӹ̨߳ӭƷƹȥ
ʱƷǸŮֵľƹоʱǼҵ֮
ǶǽŵӶ֮ǵĻȻô᲻֪Ӷҹ˴𣿡
ţ˵ˣվƹ񻢼嶼ͬʱȼϴһҹ֮ˣݳ峤ѾʧӰ˵˻صġ
ҿⳡ𰡣ڳΪʲôȥ񻢼أ

Ʒ羭֮ʱЦЩ˻֪ܽӶǿƻٵˣǵǰأ
ãǸŮѾƷߵһ¥ĺŷ
ˡǸŮվſЦЦ
šƷ΢΢һЦ˵š
˭ͷʱ仹ûءһֿ𣬽űλɫ̷Ľ׳ӴŲͷ˳
˼ˣЩһЩ¡ŮЦƷǡ
ʲôˣӲõİƷǣʣ˭ʲô𣿡
˵׼ˣסƷص
ߣЦƾʲôӿʼŭˡ
ɣƷӻóһɫСݹӱһٽңǶǵĲ
һٽң
˫ôֺأ
û⡣ӾϲĽӹǺɫСһ򿪱˫۾Ŀ
ţٶȿ㡣Ʒ絭
áãھͰߡԵüΪæ߽˷
ǸŮҲһΪ㵵ӣƷЩͨ˾ǳ˴󷽣˫в¶̰
ʱλ˳ƷǶѺðͷ
ȷʵǱǲҪˣû뵽̵ôıˡ
ǸŮǿͷ˶߹ˣ̰ЦǺǣλˣ䷿ӿǺò׿ճģڼ۸ɾ͡
ţһʮң˰ɣƷ絭
ˡˡŮЦǸλúϢʲô¾ܿҡ
ţˡƷԵЩĻص
ǾͲˡŮһЦƨƨߵ뿪ˡ
߽Ȼôݻܴ㹻Ʒסˡ
ǲûνϢȰŹϣȻΧ˴֮УɫȻƺһİһ㡣
Ħ˹׿ˣпȣʱһޱӣɫƺԵüΪĸӣһʱ侹ȻҿƷˣΨɭȻվƷ
Ӧ˵Ʒȳ֮ǱûƷ˵û࿴Ʒ磬ҲһƲֵӡ
ճѾãƷ绷۾ĬĿһۣʣ֪Щʲô
˲˳Ĭ
Ʒֵǲ룬ҵʵΪʲôԸСӶΪʲôһһεİǣǲǾҶͼ
ԣһ׷̧ͷƷ磬ǵﻹû͸¶֮ɫֻԵЩɻѡ֮ǰƷݵĿʱɻ
Ʒ磬Ǻ׼𣿡
ڣȿˣеĽƷ硣
ǣֻһʧӵ˶ѡƷҡҡͷɫȻ
ѵĻǿԸʵ𣿡̲סʡ
ҽƷ硣Ʒ絭Ļص
ڼľƷ磡˴󾪣ŵĶǰƷ磬û뵽ڴ½쵱¹Ȼദ֮á
΢𾪵飬˵һֱ֪ݣиҲһֱҪ㣬۹ΪɱԼ˶ˡӦΪ˷֣ŻѡһֱСӶ
˵꣬˶ΰƷ磬Ʒ˵ǸеʧĻ
ʼ뷨Ʒɫ˻֣صĵҺǳΪѣұĵĴӶˡ
ѣǶЦˡ
Ʒ磬ʵǵȵþ仰ǰˣǶһֱ㣬ȻǶ˵ô΢Զ֧ѡ
ллƷмһ˫Щˡ
ˣܲίݣӶŶΪߵڵģҲ綼ˣΪǵųĵ
ƷһҲʺʲôųޣԺҲܶΣյ飬ҲҶ˺Ӷš
ôΣգֻҪڣǶӶһԽԽǿ󣬲𣿡ϵЦ
ܾĻǾ㿴ǣӶšĦ˹µ
Ʒ˼˻ſǰеֿſһڴĿ⣬Ʒڻ¶˾ģЦǺðɣҪҳΪųĻԺɶҪеóԿˣΪҲϣҵĻ̫
ãǴҶһǿأЦ
ðɣǽʹ￪ʼɣƷЦó𸮡
𸮣˫˸ޱȵȡ
ɴˣҲΪǽľӶŲſʼǿӶ֮·


151 ĵ
ԭǾƹݸŮƷǵϴ̱ء
ǣԴƷǽͷ֮󣬱ȫûκζˣҲûнЩʳʲôģθŮ̲סȥţûдκεĶɰǸŮˡ
ڿͷ棬ƷȷʵǲˣΨɭĬĬػǰ
ʱ𸮵ռ֮УټżܵҲǱǰǿ˺üΪ˿ԲϵıǿǶȻֵİȥ
ռ֮ռУƷĴţ˫۽գžȫĿת
ƷѾͻƵ˵֮δȫḶ́ԽֱƴĻƷ绹Ǵƣ֮ǰܹսʤЩǿߣȫƾƷ޷ԽĽ
˵ռĻƷ֮УҲԶҪǿҪ죬رħԪأƷڵħҲǸŲϵ׳
֪˶ãһƷ粻ɴо˹룬ЦЦôͼֲסˡ
ƷѾ𸮵ǰţŵĹգֻƷпǾʵôǿҲ޷򿪽ŵġ
漴Ʒ㽫ͨռĽŸˣ԰׵Ŀ˽
ҪҸղŶ㱻ѹˣ
ҲǼֲȥˣˡ

һռ䣬ǵԹ֮ƣķ׷
Ʒɫһĵ£ϽϢȻ֮ǰĿ޿ɾͰ׷ˡ
һӦ˹ŵıֱʼƷ֮ϢţĲ˾֮С
ƷεҡҡͷɫЩ׵Ŀȣо۵ĸо
ҲƷеǳɻ⵽ʲôܹܹŬȥأڿǵǲǶԼʲô飬ƷҲû뵽ôȥʡ
ƷзǳЩ˾Ҳûô򵥡
Ʒ粻̾Ϣһͷ˲Զһδ֪š
浽ֻʲôأ
Ʒ뵽ԼʵѾ˼ͻƣҲܹһҲûпܡ
뵽ڴˣƷʰ˽Ų߽ǵصĽǰ
ӦÿԵġƷ˫ǰǵš
£Ʒڵھһεǿȫ֮УӿƷ˫֮С
͵ģƷ̩ɽţеѹڡ
ټƷڵѾ㵽ʮ֣ᣬƷͻȻͳ˫ơ
һ
Ʒ˫ѾӡǵУǿ͵ĳŽš
ϧǽżֱһƬǽһ㣬Ȼ֮
Ʒ粢û׷˫ڵأǺ죬ƷѾȫʹڵȥǵš
ͻȻ
˵һǵžȻǶˡȻֻǶһ㣬ǿԴ򿪡
ϲ֮£ƷҧأڵٶȷӿƷ˻ţ˫Ѿǵš
ڣǵžƷǿ֮£ʼĴš
ƣʵ̫ˣԭеĿǶ˹
漴ǱƷƴƶǵţ˸е𾪵ľǣǵι̵ĽžȻҪƷˣΪŵķ϶ѾƶһƴСĿȡ
ɣǱ׷վ۽ŵƷ硣ǶﲻƷæֻĬĬйƷ硣
˫߬ҧ˫иǵƷİȫ
Ʒȫƶ֮£¶ķ϶ҲԽԽ󣬿ǶĶ׼Ҫ򿪵Ľš
ˣͿˣ
Եþ˵Ľ˫߬š
Ʒڵϵţ˫ѾʼڲˣǵҲֻһ룬ΣƷ綼׷
͵ģƷ籩˫ĿڵǱٶȵõ˼
ţƷ˫ӿһȫµǻɽո緢һ˲䣬ͨǺƷͻȻһ񾢵ĳŽţһɹǿƲ
һ
ҲܲסƷǿȻ侹ȻĴˡ
ƷѰվԭأڴŴɼƷſϲ
ˣĴˣ
ǶޱƷǹ°Ӱ־㵵ĶǱ򿪵ĽţԵޱȵļ
ɣƷعͷ㵵ĿǣƣаżЦǽȥɡ
š
ɵɵĵͷе𾪾þ޷ƽ
£Ʒһ̤˽ڵĿռС
󣬿Ҳи˽ȥ
棬ռһյʲôûС˾ʧľǣĵŵĿռ侹ȻխխþȻһͨķһһУʲôо
ʲôûСĦ˹Щʧ˵
ţҾһҡ˼š
˫һǿǰֻһţ
˾ȥû뵽խСĿռоȻִһţССɵĿռʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ磬ȥ԰һҲ򿪰ɣ㿴ʲôûСĦ˹ＱߵƷǰ
ƷһֱĬȥ۲ƷĻͿԸоƷ˫˸һޱȿϲµļ֮⡣
ɣƷͻȻ˸ңתɻеĿǣذЦ֪ռʲô𣿡
һѵխСĿռ仹رĹܣ
˸벻׵ľǣһһ֤ʲô


152 ˼Ŀռ
һңѵͿ֤˿ռ
ǽңĦ˹̲סʣѵ԰ұ󣿡
ǡƷصЦЦ
ָͻȻһָϵĽұ㲻ϵķתŷϿգȻֿʼϵ䡣
һ
ˣĿתĶһر𡱵Ľҡ
Ʒ˫Ҳڽǽҡ
ţǾǾĿڵϵĽҾȻʼˣǿɲǼ򵥵ĶǽƺжҪһ㡣
ģǽҾǱڻһ㣬һһģһĽҴһ֮˳ŲƵǸҵԱߡ
һңıΪңСȫһ
ħǿǱħҪӵ档
ôܣ
˶׵סˡ
ɣĦ˹ﵱӵʰңƴҧһ£ŰľҶģ
ȻģƷصҲǳż
ɵˣƷ硣
Ʒ磡㵽ôģȳԾʡ
Ǻǣռر֮ˣԸеʣƷЦ
Ըеʣ
˴󾪣Ŀռ书ܣڴ½пδšǿռħҲ޷ʹʷ룬ռȴǿֱӽȫĸƳ
Ļⲻ˼Ŀռ䣬Ǳ㲻ӵĲƸһҪپҪ٣
ǲҪˣ׿˼ĴЦ
ɲֹأƷ˫۾⡣
漴Ʒó˿Ľħ˫ϵħ
һ㶣Ϊ˲κϸڣǶȫעƷϵĽħ
ʱ˱־ĿƷУڳһŴСȫһĽħ
ħ滹Ǽܣ
ݾùƷϵĽħϸĹ۲š
ȵķ֣Ľħһ֮⣬ħƷʶȫ죬ĸоħ̲ص
ٵģƷЦЦֻҪǱƳĶֻƷʶһġ
ԸƳϵѽ𣿡Ħ˹ͻȻǰó˳
ţӦÿ԰ɣƷӹǽ
Ħ˹ĽֻͨѣƷҲǺܸߡ
Ʒǳ˫۽ţйεڴ͸һ㡣
ٶƷһΣգбһѳ
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ħ˹Եޱȵ𺧣ùƷеѳ
ѳȫͬϵһб˵ĺۼȫһġ
ǺǣѽƷ絭һЦ
šĦ˹˵ͷ
͵ģĦ˹ֽų˼ֱѽݺݵһ

һĦ˹˫۶Ĵ΢΢Եĸо
⡭Ҳ̫˼ˣĦ˹һľĻеѽþδǰʵ
𺧣ռӵеĸʵ̫ˣǲҪʲôʲôֻҪõó
Ʒ磡ҪʥĻ㲻ȫԽƳͻȻʵ
ܴﵽķΧԸƳʹҲͬԣƷص
Ҳԣ
Ҿöվסˣ󵽣ȵһ죬½еʥˡ
Ʒ磡㵽ôǸƳģͻȻʵ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ɻ
Ʒһ㶣вû֮˵͵ҲǾֻҪҵľﵽܴﵽҶȫĽʸƳ
ǾƵҲй涨ƣ
ȻУһһҪԶʵǰ¡˵ҵľǴﵽʥˮ׼ҲһܽʥƣҪƵĻҪһĴۣԾ˺ҲľҪԶʡƷĵĽ͵
ڵľ״ﵽʲô磿̲סʣҲǺĽƷ磬ܽĽħɵĸƳƷľԲֹħ
Ʒ粻΢΢ЦڵӦôﵽʥ򼶵ľɡ
ʥ򣡣
ǾĿɿڴƷʵѾǹ̬ˣϾƷͿʵ̫Сˡû뵽ô½ħʦδܴﵽʥ磬Ʒ羹Ȼ;ʹﵽʥ򼶵ľ磬ǳΪʥʱԵ⡣
ǹ
ڿ˿̵УֻȥƷˣΪƷʵ̫̫ˡ
ƷÿɲЩ
⸴ƿռӵŲ˼Ƹ϶ͲȱġƷ뵽ľǣ˸ƿռİԼԺͿ½һɼΪӴ
û
İУҪʵǿвеӴ
뵽ڴˣƷ綼̲סпЦԺ˭ƿҵһһ½
֪ǲǴеĿǣƷУƺǿһɼΪȵҰġ


153 Ӷŵĵ
ޱƹݣΪ֡
̨ǰĸŮƺԵüΪⶼˣ4ſͷЩϺúեˮģ췿һ㶯ûС
ûˣŶӦǲʲô˵飿˶Ѿˣ
ǸŮֻţϡ
˵𣿽иSӶſӶˡƹһλһɫĵ
ôûϢ
Ȼģö˶֪ˣѵǶǸսǵ𣿡
ǸոҲûϢˣĸSӶŰ
˵Ӷš
Ӷţ
һӶſSӶоͷ֣ʥǿ󣬾һЩǿ߶ʮλʵѾɱһˡ
SӶһ㶼ǰӶģһҪSӶŵĻӶS
˺ʣӶŻĻʲôرSˡ
ɲֹSأһλͷӵЦ
ƹе˶ðӣ˫
вһǿҵٸУĶ˵Ӷʶѣ˵ӶŻȷʵģ˵SSħ֮ġ
SSħ֮ģ
˾סˡ
ħ֮أħħǸʥޣƽ֪ʥ޲ͬħڼȵĻɽҽ֮УԿԣҪõħ֮ģصɱħħɲô׶Ըģͨʥ֣Ҳ޷ɱħ
ԣħ֮ģҲӶмٵSS֮һһֱδɡ˸е𺧵ľǣӶžȻ˴񣬲ɼӶŵĵλ˵˲١
ӶŲǾӶǲ絽ӶḽȵȿҲܼӶءһλ価ų֮⡣
ǰǰҪھ͹ȥɡһλӸżĵ
ҿǻǵ˰ɣӶſɲʲôǵģҪǸĻ˼һΪͼıأںǶҿǻǴȾ첻Ǻܺą́Ů̲ס
˵λ̣Щ¶ܵİɣһλɫƵߵ
ʲộҺ𣿡Ů࣬ľǱ˽а̡
ѵ𣿡ӱĵĵ˸źôЦ
㣡Ů
ͻȻйǿϢֱƶ
ģŮһ侹Ǳʲôסһ㣬˵ˡƹеЩЦеҲǽȻ侪סˣΪǶоͻǿϢ
ɣ׷ǰȥһλ絶һ߽˾ƹУ󻹸λɫ꣬һɫ
ǹǿϢǴϴ
㵣ƹЩҲ֣ɿǴʦʵ֮⣬߾ȫĿ͸ȴǿԸоߵʵֲܿ
ֵգʱΪ˵ĳֶİһ
ҶܹͷųϢסڳˣʵҲʹһܣӵʥ򼶵ʵ
ʥǶôңԶôľ簡
ǸŮ˹ҲǱŵôԭزЩ
ķԱ𣿡ߵʡ
ǸŮһֵ̿Ļصҡǣʴ󡭡ʲôҪ
ţӶҪס죬ԾǾƹпͷ߻ص
󡭡ˣǿͷѾˡŮ˵
Ǻܼ򵥣пͷ˶гǶ׵ġÿͷķãӶŻһ
һŮ˫ˡ
ȥ죡겻Ľе
ǡǣȥλԵȣŮǿĵƹ汼ȥˡ
ƹҲԵ쳣İÿ˵鶼Ǿг˼ԭ̸ҪȥӶأû뵽ӶžȻѡס䲻۵ľƹݡ
겻мΧЩˣʣᲮʵ벻ףΪʲôҪѡƾƹݣ
Ǻǣû˵δ֮ǰѾ£񻢼ջԻ͵ĺվƹݶ˴֮УӶﲻǺ֣ܰӶ˶෿٣Ҳ̫㡣ﲢۣǿԺúõϢ졣ߵЦ
ѵӶŻЩ𣿡겻мĵ
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ţҲǡ˵ͷ
󲻾ãƹֵ̿߳һȺˣǸŮųġ
ƹˣסô󲿷ֶֻӶӶŵţǻҪƵˡԲǸŮȰ˵4ſͷ֮⣬ͨͨŰ׷˳
ȻǶע⵽˹̨ǰߣоǺǿϢ׷뿪˾ƹݣκһ˿ӶС
ʵΪ磬ֻҪʵǿ˼㶼ŵüβߣҺһ
ˣͷ˶ˡŮЦӯӯ˹
ࣿʲôвࣿȻЩ
Ůֵ̿滹һͷĿ޷ǳ
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գȻֱ˰£û뵽ƹ滹˾Ȼġ
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亹ֱҲǰͬ飬Ӷſɲʲô¡
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ޣȻ£ǾʹǹȥɡƺЩȤˡ
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154 ϰ
𸮣ռ֮С
Ʒ缫ΪĶԿ˵һֱǵǳĿ̿棬һҪǵľǣڵʵ̫ˣ
Ƕ֪ǲɫȻ
ţҪһ㣬ΪһλߣʹõĽȷʵΪ⣬һʹСӣƷļ
ԣǶóĬˣʶƷĽǲɷԼĽƷȷʵС׼ˡ
ƷһɫȻӣЦãܽһЩĻҲܽǵʵһµĲΣ
⣬˲˫ſԴӼʶƷĽ֮һгһɿ׷
ģԸǽĦ˹Ｄʡ
ȻԴӽ쿪ʼǵγ̾ҪӵļˡƷЦЦ
ǲ£ֻҪܱǿ׿ҲһΪӡ
ƷҪϰҲĶˣ뵽ԼֻǸħʦʱɫ㲻ɰ
Ʒ⵽ɫԵʧĿȣЦȣʵҲǿѧϰġ
ңһʣɡֻһħʦѣôʹýأ
ЩҲǾסˣƷ硣
ƷЦ˭涨˵ħʦͲʹýģ㿴ҲǶԡ
һ㶡
ûƷ粻ħ˫𣿲˵ãħҲǷǱȳˡ
뵽⣬ԵüΪļƷ磡Ŀ𣿡
ȻԡƷ˵Դռ֮󣬳ħ֮⣬㱾֮ҲԶԶһħʦѾ㹻ﵽѧϰˡ룬Ҫǵ㽻ƴħʱҪͻȻ仹ܹʹĻǾܹĵһԵĴ
ãңһŬȥѧȼ
ţʵΪ׼ˡƷ˵ͷɶֲڵıӣоĽǽϼӦʺǣ̫ӡ
̫ˣ
δĽǶԵüΪļ˷ܡ
ƷصѵǽأʺϼأʺŮ֮Բͬʱ𣿡
šĵͷ
Ʒˣ׽ȥúÿɣϸĽ⣬вĵطҡ
˵꣬Ʒ㽫ӹ˿ǡ
ǼҪһĽסȻ͵䱦ĸǱӣļ
ιιιҵôҲȥˣ컹ңϼ
Ƿӵʱ򣬿˱һѸӵĶѽ֮⣬Դɼ䶼ˡ
Ʒ磬㡭㿴Ƕ̫ʾһǿɡεʵ
ǺǣȻԣǿɵ濴ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
Ʒ粻ɰγ𽣣ɫһӱǽһдֵĽ轣֮ʱصȫɣںΪһ壬ˮһζ⽣Ϊᣬ䣬仯ǧԻڵߣõȫĥ͸Ľ⡣
˵ţƷѾĻе𽣣ˮζһ㣬ÿһ趯ͬɣһһ޹ɣȴִһĽ켣ȫԽ˳µĽ˿һ׻Ǵĸ
ǿĽ֮С
⽣Ϊᣬд֣ÿһʱɻɱ
ƷɫͻȻһ趯ų֮ʱ趯Ȼ缫Ĵ̳
ݵһ
Ľ棬ǸպĦ˹ıǼ֮ͣ
Ħ˹ɴ˫ۣŵһ亹ҪƷԼĵ˵ĻڸղŵһжѾҪԼ
Ϊղʵǿ̫ĽƷһϮûܹӦ
ջسƷ˵СκһΪÿһģҲʵģǽʵĶϣǺúõȥ򣡡
һ
뵽ԺѧϰµĽжɾޱȵĿϲ
Ⱦãʣҵϼأ
ǺǣϼʵҲǽֻ࣬ҪҪ̫ߡǶԼȥúΪҲȫһȥǣһжҪԼŬںϰ֮ʱԶһţ󾫣ſԼĽƷ΢΢һЦ
ţˣƴĵͷЦˡ
ǺúȥɡƷ˵꣬ߵһߡ
˫ۣĽ״̬֮С
ǵõƷ͵Ľ֣ķǱӣķűĽƷļʦǻıȽϿЩ
ȴǲ֪ʱڵķ⣬Ѿվ˼Ӱ
䣿ǸŮ
ûˡŮص
ţȽнԿɡߵ˵
õġŮ΢΢˵ͷ˵ţһߺˣҪҪǳһ¿𣿡
ϧôãһ㶯ûС
㿴ˣ⡭ŮԵЩΡ
ߣǆʲôˣȥ˸ŭİγ˳
Ůһ˵һߡ
ɣͻȻһֵסĶĵϷɣҸоЩԾ
šӣص˵һߡ
ɫᣬ̧ƣ֮УһɵɫâҫǿϢʼܱ˿ȥ
ǸŮ˵Ϣ֮Уֱһˡ
߳ĵѣٲӵĻǾݹϷ򲻿ˡ
ϧȻûʲô
ɫһķŭˣ


155 ηǿ
ɫߵţҪٲŵĻϷҿɾͲˡ
Ȼ޶߱Ŀʼš
һ

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ǣ˾㵵ľǣʥǿߵ֮£Ȼûж
һ̣Ѿȫߵĵߡ

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һ֮£ľ̼飬ķĩ֮УһɫǴӷϯ˳
һȴǺ޷һצ̽ȥǺɫǱһצץɢˡ
Сˣ͵Ϯһⱬ̤ŵֱ˽ȥ
ʱػŵɭħ
ڰɹ⣡
һɳͷͻȻ۳һڹУǿֱ֮ӽΧľ߶˽ȥ߶˹ȥ
ڰɹȷʵǿ󣬵ʥǿߣȴǺá
ȴɫû뵽ССľƹﾹȻλڰʥʦ
͵ģߴһһȭֱǿҵɫ⻪ݺݵĻ˺ڹ֮С
ɫĹȭ˺ڹ֮У˲˺ڹеת켣Ǹȭͷסˡ
䣡
һ죬ƹݶǿҵһ𣬾ƹ˶ŵɫֳܹ˾ɼ4ŷؿҲǺǵġ
ãƽͷѾһƬм
ǸŮĻһʹиǺڲѣ֪ͲЩˡ
ɭ˵أŨŨѪ
ɭѾûʶȫΪػְ
漴ɭŷȻվ
ʱܽ˷ŭɭᰵԭǸڰħʦǾ;Բ»ˣ
˫ɭᰣʣ˵ͬأﲻֹһ˰ɡ
ɭûشߵĻսŷȣҫ˵ĺɫâ
һ
һɫֱǰ
߿һɨǺɫǲһĻɢ˿
͵أһƾջȥ
飡
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˴󾪣߼ƷĳֶסˡΪûܸоƷ絽ôֵģȫƾն֡
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ͬƷҲصĴǰֵλİˣ굹ûȴƷоһɼѹ
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ѵֻкڰ۹˲ſǺڰħʦҿӺڰ߰ɣƷɫ
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㿴㣬ֻշ˶ѣƷĵĵ
ˣ
ͻȻסˣٴι۲ޱɭᰣ󾪣ôܣ
ûʲôǲܵģͻȻҷˡʶûеǣΪҪˣƷʵ
ߣΪʲôڷôãǾȻһ㷴ӦûУûӶŷ̲סе
ӶţƷľһ£ȻĵΣѵӶžͿ˲𣿡
СӣҿǲҪ˰ɣսվ˳
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漴߱һǸĶƷ˵Сֵܣ˼֮ǰֻһᣬϷڸǸ
ҵأǸûˣƷ
ǸŮסˣƷĵҲʵ̫ˣȻӶ˽а壬ǲǴ𣿶ҲǱһӵĻ𣬺޲һɱƷ硣
ⲻ֪˾㵵ľǣƷĻ󣬲ûзŭЦĴӻó˸ӣݹƷ磬ЦٸңǸ˵ĲоǣӶסƹ棬Ѿܹó䣬Ϸм
ϾҲԼȣҸоƷ˹죬ǷǣԱƴ¡
ʱƷӹǴӣǱЦЦɴǴӣĴжǽҡ
ռ䣡߰ľռָڴ½пɲǺܶ࣬ӵпռָ˶Ǽ򵥵
תۼ䣬ǴĽұװˣƷ㽫ǴӵߵĽ£мĵ֮ǰҵٸңٶң䷿ҰˣûµĻˡ
һûƷĵʶڴ½Լ˵˲ɡ
ɾҲܲסˣŭСӣʲôӶŵ˿Ҫ۵ģ
Ǻǣۣɱ𣿡Ʒ粻мЦҸ㣬ھҲҪûظ
ʸӶŽ𣿡ĵ
ˣֺȳꡣ
Ხ⡭ԵЩη塣
£
ֱ޺޵ĵƷ磬㲻ʵ˵ߵ
ʱЦƷ磬䷿̫ˣ㻻䷿ɣ
ǸŮɶȫɵסˡ
˵ף߿λʥǿߣû뵽Ƕһ˿
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Ǻǣһ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
šƷǸŮû𣿻ȥ»ͷ
ǸŮֵ̿ĵǡǣ
漴ǸŮƷɭ뿪˿ͷǸŮ벻׵ľǣⷿԭɲֹˣô˾ʧأ
Ʒߺ㲻ߣᲮ벻Ϊʲôѵ㲻СӺ𣿡
Ǻ⣬Ϸúû˫˸ž⡣
Ǻǣˡ꼫ΪյЦЦ


156 ȣ
ʱ֣ޱƹݾѾͣӪҵӡ
˿ޱƹУȻַǳ
ӶҲ˶֪½ǿSӶӶžǰסޱƹУޱƹ綼ˡ
ΪдӶţޱƹҲæòֺÿ˵ľĲһܱȣԱæµŲͣžʳǸŮҲ̵кſˡ
ǣڶ¥9ŹȴԵüΪİ
棬ԭȵ꣬ڻλӡ
ӳ÷֣һһ㣬ɫ̷Ÿ󵶣ɷӣԲǺǵĽɫ
ᲮǻǺڰ۹𣿡ͻȻʵ
߳˼˻Ϸǽ֣֮⣬ϷоκκڰϢ
Ҿ;ˣǺڰ۹ˣΪʲôշһλڰħʦأ
ҲϷɻĵط˵ʵϿҲ㹻շһλӵʥʦʵĺڰħʦ
ţ˺ܹŹ֣ȥݷһǰɡϳź档
ףҾòô鷳㿴ﶼֳǴ飬Щ˱ͿƹŹ֣ҲѲ˸ϵĻӶؿܻһвҿǰǸϳȥɡݵӡ
ҲǣֻΪ˵ݽ񣬴˴Ҳǳķ֮һĻҲԶԸ¶Щɫ
Ϸ뵽ľ⣬֮ǰȷʵֳᣬϷ»ӶŵԾʱ˵
ҿɣȥһ°ɣĵǾǾһЩԷ⡣˵
ţðɡߵ˵ͷ

ڽ֮£4ŹѾŪһƬǽ壬ƷǱŵһ¥ŷ
Ʒ磬úõôͻȻˣʵ
ߣԳӶŵͻȻˣɭȻͷЩ飬ѾǱŪ߰㣬ԲűƷߵĵ
Ӷţ
ǲɫ䡣
ôôƷǵķӦɻ
ɫԾ˵Ʒ磬ҿǻǻطסɣҲ̫ϰ
ǳֻƹˣҿǻǽһЩɣȥĻͿ뿪ˡƷ˵
һǡ
ûʲôģӶȻǰԵЩҾòֵ̫ġƷ˿ȵĻ
ԵΪѵӣ͵͵һǵĿǡ
ͻȻ˵Ʒ磬ҿǻǼȥɣȻҪͻȻ˼ˣĵġ
ǺǣİɣֻҺɭڵĻǲŻҵݸġټЩ˵ĻǾͲͨͨǻˡƷЦ
Ǻò׵õ׽ǻҪȼ
ǺǣһһϦѧģҪĥгɳġҲҪ뿪ӶˣǻǺúЪϢɡƷ΢΢һЦ
Ƕˣֲ֪ô˵
ͻȻ⴫ˡˡ
ǺãӶŵųǿԽ𣿡һ˹
ǽȻɫ䣬ƴĳƷҡͷ
ôˣƷԽɻԴӶŵʱ򣬿ǵɫͱԽӹŹˡ
ûлشԼĻƷεҡҡͷʰǰȥ
ǿĻƺҪȥֹƷһ㣬ȴ벻κȥֹƷɣֻýĴͷڵȴʲôµһ㣬Ҳ
ʱƷѾĴ˷ţվӰǰλû֮⣬˾ǽйһ֮Եġ
ʲô£Ʒ絭ʡ
ǺǣΪµǸġ΢΢һЦ˱Ӷŵĸųʥǿ
ȴһֱڴƷͷĶȻűƷӸţǶо˷滹˼Ϣ
ôˣ̲סʡ
ţˡƷص
ǿԽȥ𣿡Цʡ
Ǿס÷ƹƯĻȻԽι۲ιۡ
СֵܣȤӶЦȴǸվһ
ɡƷ粻ÿ˵
漴Ǳ㻺˽
Ȼ䣬һĿ֮ʱȻǶֻǵͷȴͻȻ侪һ
ȣ
ȣ
Ʒ羪סˣͷ˿ǣȴǷֿȾµĺһ㣬ŵͷ
ʶƷ羪ʡ
δ˻شȴѾĳ˹ȥ߬ס˿ȵֱۿϲĵȣ̫ˣ㣡ҵˣ
ſһ˦ꡣ
סˣȣѵ㲻֪뿪ʱжൣ𣿡
֪ҲҪĵġȲмıꡣ
ЩƷ綼׵ľסˣʵ̫ͻȻˣû뵽ǾȻӶŵˡ


157 
ڣǣ浽ǿ֮ǰļ£ƷΨʱֳĬ
ȣ֪˵ʲô𣿸ϽһȥɣҿǷǳ㡣
ȥʱԻȥȵ
ߣҿɲܣûȥһЩĵһ𣡡겻Ʒɭᰡ
Ʒע˵ķִ磡
ⲻ˵£Ӷŵļ£ص
ҲӶŵļ£ǿɶˣƷĵ
ûڶӶŵˣĦ˹̲ס
û˵ĵĵ
˵˭ǷĦ˹ñס
˵㣡һָ׿ˣǶǷ
ճһɻҩζʱ򣬿ߣأᲮųû˵ʲôʸ񣿡
ˣȥɣҶܵǡƽ˵
ǣ𣿴СӶмǵģЩԹ޵˵
ûйģڼһӶžѾǱӶš
ѣﲻмĵһֱӶ˭ǵӶŵˣǵ׸ǲģǵ뿪Ӷţ֤ǲǲ
磬㲻𣿾ƾЩ˻֤ʲôĵſ
ǲ֤ʲôԺǶܣŵĵ
𣿡ۿǵ𣿴С㶼һֱңڸᣬһˣȾͱûȥ
ãԥӦ˵ĻȺǶԲûȥ
һ㶣û뵽ﾹȻôʹӦˣɻͷףһս
ԥ˻˫ԾԾսĿѰ˼ã˵ðɣﲢʺսĵطƹȥɡ
ллס˵ͷͷмĵ߰ɡ
漴˱뿪˿ͷ˾ƹݴС
һֲѣ漣ֵĿ֮ʱȴסˡ˾㵵ľǣǾȻ߳ޱƹݡ
ƹݴе˷׷׺ĸ˳ȥ
ߵƹ⣬ѾҹƹѾˡ
ټĿռ䣬ĳ˳ſ
Ȼ壬ʰǰὣһ֣ݡ
ǲʧٵĽô
ôö˶˾ҪˣôصĶأ

˿ʼСţǿҪоĻǶÿ
ϾӶŵʱ򣬿ǿֻнʦʵһѾﵽ˴ʦʵ£ǿͻƵ˴ʦʵҲǾгɵصĶ֡
ǣȴֽţǿɶ֪صʵֶκݣſ
ƷֻǾĿţĬȻȴûע⵽ƷǱѾ˸Ц
Ხ˭Ӯʵ
˵⼸µĽܴѾ߱˴ʦʵزʦѾãھϻʵҪȽǿϷΪػӮĻص
𣿵ȴֵֺĸоλȡʤĵ۲ԶɫƽƷ硣
ţһ㶣ɽſƺҪѿȫ͸һ㡣
磬㿴ڵô˵棬Ҫ˵ĻǿɾͲÿˣҪ㻹ɣһԲѵġصĵ
أδ̫Ը˰ɡ˫ء
ǺǣǲҵĺȰԣ֮ȷʵҪһľˡɫһ
ٷϻְɣ
˼ȳأǽȰɡ¶˱ġ
ǾͲˡɫһһǿҵɫâ
ʦ
˾סˣû뵽ڶ̶̼ͻƵ˴ʦľ硣
ҲסˣһЦǺǣ˼ˡ
͵ģеĳгɫĶŭĻӽϡ
һƣޱȣ˶סˣѾÿȫñһˣٶǼ򵥵Ĵʦʵܱȼ
ݵһ
ѾһϺݺݵȫնȥ
ľԸҲ㣬͵Ļһֱ뿨һӲƴ
飡
һǿҵ죬ɫĻܵ˿ȥƴһӱ㱻Ƶӡ
ʲô
˶סˣ߶һ𺧵飬ͽӸղŵһƴĶǿҪʤһ
ӮˡƷ簵ԵһЦ
ˣǿ½оûȥռ̿ٶȻΣǿء˵ǾĻǶǴյħɱаģز
ԣؼʹǻܣҲǱȻġ
ʱƣţرѹţ
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֪˻ǲŲæ˿Ծ֮Զ
˳ȴԵüΪķŭһٵĳ֮УһɫâϮ˹ȥ
ԭΪȥֿЩâȻؾͻû
ϧҲƷദ˲٣ЩĹäĿȥӲƴֻǻԼԿ
ԣοﲢûѡֱȥӲƴһһϮĽâ
˴󾪣չֵѾԽ֪ܵڴʦ⼶ʵ޷ȴȻˡ
ҲסˣŭѾֱ˹ϵĳ򵥵ȫſϺն˹ȥ
ۼһϮԭҲֱһƴȥģԺоʶһ׹Ľ֮䣬ƺоʹſĶ
ȻһϮ֮ʱﾹûаˮһ㣬ǽ˹ȥӯŤתӣ̽صҶߣ˼ˡ
žһ
һصսϣһеĳ˵ϣѾһߡ
𺧣Ե𺧣
ղſﵽôģôģ
û뵽Ŷ̶һ˲䣬еĳ㱻һڵء


158 һ
ˣѾǳ׵׵İˡ
įģͻȻ˫ȹ˫ֺݺݵİڵϣ˱ܵᡣ
ﵭأأˣϣŵԡУһֱҶ֪ʲô⣬ҵ㣬ǲܵģѾϲˡ
һ㶣ʱһң˭ûˡ
Ȳ͵͵һƽƷ磬ɫ졣
漴߻ص˵ǰĳ˵ųʱˣǴҶϢˣˡ
ţúϢɣʱͻ֪𣿡ЦЦһԵƷ磬ʵ԰λЩʱ𣿡
ҪƷ硣
£ߵƷǰЦСֵܣɷЩʱ̸
ţԡƷ΢΢ͷ
󣬿ǵеˣ׷Ծ뿪ˣ»صޱƹ
˵Ȼ޷ƽղſصľʵ̫ʡ̫ˡŶ̶£ԶصĿȻʵͻǵ֮죬׾ٵı㽫ظˡ
˵ҲһĴ

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Сֵܣ㵽ʲôݣܲԸһССӶɣֱӵıʡ
ǲԸ⣬Ը⽫ССӶŴΪǿӶšƷһš
һƷǸᶨư飬¶һ˿ͣЦ־Һ㣬ȴʵʵƺ̫Զˡ
ƷҲӦףֵܹڶ̶֮ڴﵽʵҲüǱԽԽǿ
ţҳϣǵĽĺܴ󣬵Ҳ֪õĵʲô
ÿ˶ÿ˵ܣֻɸǣǶҵѣҲеĺڰ۹ˣģûκεĶ⡣Ʒһϵ˵
˵òôΪһ㣿˫۽Ʒ硣
㲻ңҲûҪ̸ôãֱӰɱˣ˵Լ뿪ˣȻͿ԰Ǵȥˣ˵𣿡Ʒ絭˵
Ǻǣ㲻ʵǿһܴ
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İɣʤҡƷһ档
Ʒ磬ҪȿҪһʵܽһĻҾͽˡ
ƷһղߵʵѾ㹻ˣصøɼʵǿǿʥ򼶵ʵ
Ʒԥʣôˣ
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ȤһЦǰλ꣬ǿԸԼصĸоֵľǴڲûиоκεĶϢǿԿǸʦǿ͵ȫǸʦޱȵĺ档
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Ȼ䣬һȴʵʻҪµĽƴƷϱɢ˿ȥһƬ̳
󾪣Ǳ߲ɹһĨδ֪Ц⣬еĳһһҫһɿֲ纣˰ıȥƬ̳ƶ
Ʒɫ䣬֮Ǳһ㣬Ʒ˫ֱ𽣣ǿǹɿֲ֮С
⣡ųƹ˾
Ȼ䣬ƹ˶ͨͨ˳Ƶıѹ֮£ȴǷ׷ױ˼
ȴеĿˣλ׼Կˣǿ۵ꡣ𾪵ľǣֱӳǹǿĽȻ벻ʵڳ˺Ȼ
أ߶סˣ˫ĿתĶǰĻ´ʧÿһϸڡ
ǺǣСֵܣҿԽԽˣϣʧ˷һЦ
İɣһȫԸģҲ뿴ԼʥĲൽжԶƷ𽣡
ɫһһһ֮Ʒһնȥ
ݣ
һ죬糤ӥХһ޴İɫâ֮ͬưϮһǿķˣڵ˺ƿһ̵ѺֱۣƷ硣
һ̣ռ羲ֹ˶ԾÿһâƷıƽ
һ̣صƷȫ˷ܶ𽣣ӭǵ˵ĽâֱӺն˹ȥ
ȻâƷϵ𽣸ǿֹסˣƬ̳µ׷׹ѿһƬʯ
ƷǺ죬ַȻ壬ţڵĹעУ𽣲ɷ˵ɫâһǿƺҪըһ㡣
䣡
һ죬˲˺ĺҹһһˣ֪ƣҲû˸ҵԴѰȥ
ʱ̳˵֮УģĿƷһŵصӰֻα֮Զ߲һЩѪҺ
𺧣Ե𺧣ʥǿߵһǱʹöµƷסˣʱ˿̣˶ѾϢƷ磬ڿŹ
ҲסˣԭƷֵҲ㣬ȻˣһǿҲ޷㵲סƷȴˣһǸоκεĶϢ


159 BӶ
Ʒ磡
Ʒֵܣ
Ǽܵ˾ƹݣȵǵĳ嵽Ʒǰ漴Ʒ硣
ŭɫͷŭߵ壬ҵ壬һֱܾΪҪ˺ҵѡ
ȣˣԼȥȽϺáЦ
ȷʵųˣԲ뿴ԼųĲжٶѡƷҡҡͷ
ࣿƷֵܣųǽʥܾˡĦ˹Ծĵ
ⲻǳԴˡƷȤһЦŰʹվֱӡ
ǡ´οɲˣһᵣġ˵˵ţԽԽϸС
Ȼֻǲı֣ԶȴĿˣĶƷ磬˫ֽȭ
ˣȻᶼˣҶȥһɣˬĴЦ
Ųأĵ
һΣֺƵЦȣ֪ԣ㸸׿ǺܾˣҪڻȥϢǿ¾ҪǵӶˡ
ңôС
ǲԸǺúദĻһ᲻˵ȥһЦ
ڣƷȴˣȣ˴Ҳ𣬾һͬȥһɡ
ðɡȹɵĵ˵ͷ
ȻҲûˣȻЩӶﲢ𣬵ҲǶ˺Լ
Ʒ뿨ǣһͬӶһ̸֣ͬЦأҲǲֺΨضһˣĬĬط

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Ϊ˲̫ˣƷֻ˸򵥵ĵ뿪
ϵʱ򣬿Ҳʽ֪ǵʵݣҲǼ˴ǵľ
ʵأ뿨ȲãȲӶŴʼ˿ŮǿһλõΨһµĺӣԱΪӣĦ˹׿ݾͱȽͨЩֻǵĸĸӶﲢкܴĵλѡ
ǣǶиͬ㣬ǾǴСǱ˿ǲŻһ𣬸һͬ뿪Ӷš
̶̵ʱ䣬Ҳܿ͹ȥˣӶ¼ҲûӰ쵽Ӷ
ӶӶҲгֵľ
Ӷʵ̫࣬ǸŶ̶ʱ䣬Ҳû˼ס˵յݽ񼫶Ʒˡ
ԣƷٴӶʱƷǼ򵥵´磬ǲ۵Ӷȼ΢£ɼб㶼¶˱ġ
ǽ㣬ּˡȻϲߵ˹̨ǰ
˿һ㶣ǽòûԼѭȥһߵ˹̨ǰ
ԭǰϻ᳤Ǻܾˣȥϻ᳤˿ϲżܿˡ
ȻǺܴ󣬵˶ˣȻ׷¶Ųŵɫϻ᳤ӭǻô
˲ãϻ᳤˿ǵĲ£ֵ˾С
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ллˡƷĽӹϾ
һ㶣һƺһƷǲԵر𼤶ûмҲƽ
֪ԴƷӵ˸ƿռ֮󣬶ڽҵջ˵ѾûˡϾһʱõĶǾѾȫûջֵ
ˣϻ᳤˵ô񣬸һSǵӶȼ΢ǲҲûˡƷЦʵĵ⡣
û˵Ǳ˶SѾ߱AӶŵأӶҲرĹ涨ÿһӶŵĵȼ֮䣬ЩȵģʵЩ㣬ֻǿBӶŵĵȼ֪λʲô˵
ǺǣֻҪܴﵽBӶŵĵȼߣǶûʲôġƷ΢΢һЦ
Ǿ̫ˣȼ΢ҲΪˡϲɴӻó˼µĻͼĺɫ΢£ݸƷ硣
Ʒӹ΢£һһݸ˿ǡ
ɣе΢֮ʱеΪļҲΪĳأΪBӶ֮ٵսˡ
ǺǣȻʽΪµBӶţһҪǵľǣϣӶٶеȻҲ̫ȥ˰ɡѵ
ллϻ᳤ˣЩǶд㡣ƷмĻص
ʱͻȻסƷֱۣЦʣƷ磬ǲǿȥ߼ˡ
Ȼ԰ڿɶBӶˣĦ˹Ľе
ǣ߰ɣȥɣƷЦĴſ뿪ҡ
ҡͷƷǵȥȤζЦǺǣӶŵ˿ɶͦ˼ġ


160 һ
Ӷᡪ
¥ǲһȻ˲٣һ¥һ㣬Ƶأޱȡ
̨ǰҲλòķԱ
ʱƷߵµߵ˹̨ǰ
òŮ΢΢һЦǺãҽʲôҪǵģ
ġЦǺǵĵ
ãԵȡЦŵͷ漴תӹ̨ó˸Ĵӡ
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漴ݹǱӣЦ湲һðѰҲлȵȣ֪Ҫ͵񣿡
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Ħ˹˷ܵ˵ðյİɣȽϴ̼
ţãͰҡ£ʼŪǱӣðأҲȽ϶࣬Ӹ߽ħϵõرĲλѪҺħȵȡ
ħޣȲ졣
Ȼֹħޣð಻ͬ͵ġ͵
еˣ˿ǵ̸ɷ׷ױġ񶼻ֲʲôӶЦľǣЩЩëͷСӶѣ벻׵ʲôBӶŵġ
ǿɲȥ˵۹⡣
ЦҪϴһɣӶŵĵȼòűȽϿ졣
ҲáƷ絭˵
Ǿô˵ˡһϲʮ񣬶һ϶Ǹ߼
亹ֱЩΪѵĵ⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ¡
ѵȡй涨𣿡ɻĵ
⵹ûй涨ЩɶЩ߼һӶЩ񶼲ᳬġصѵ
ûϵǳȥûôӶˡƷͻȻ˵
ǺǣҲԡ˵ӶǱ鼰½ģһЩҲӶģҲߵӶݽˡ
ţллˡЦ
ڿһ˶ʱѾôһЩ˵ıİЦ
ų㿴Ǹ½BӶſ˼Ҳ̫Բ˰ɡ˵λɫӡ
Ǻǣʢ𡣡һλͿȽϴЦ
˱ǳӶŵų˹ӵŽʼʵ
Ȼʱһλ£˫ϸСķӶĶ¥
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ǰҪһǰ壬·;ңԶ͵ĻȽ϶࣬ҪBӶΪͣþǱȽϱ˵ġ͵¾ЦǸ̡
ðɣĳǶأҰųȥЦʡ
ţ͵³˼˻ЦҲһӶųһǧҡ
ţǺðɡֺǺǵĿʼŻӡ
ν˵͵ǷǳľһAӶҪBӶŹˣЧȴԶ԰͵бҪɱѹͣ׬ȡ档
Ӧͦ˼İɡ͵͵ЦЦСƷ磺Ʒ磬ǽɡ
ţҲáƷ˵ͷеİҲǷǳȤġ
漴Ʒߵҿİ͵ǰЦǺǣãҽƷ磬ҪӶŵİ𣿡
Ʒ磿͵һ㶣ǰİ꣬ǰŵĺɫBӶŵ΢±־ϲЦǶġ
ţǵģӶŵųƷ絭ͷ
̫ˡ͵´Цó˸ݹƷ磬ЦٸңǵĶϣǺ졣
ллƷĽӹǽңЩҶƷ˵ֻǾţһëѣҪǻĹ̡
ҪBӶţԾܶһˡ͵ǸһЦ
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Ʒ˽Ȼһ㶣ѭȥ߹һн׳ӡ
͵´ϲʣǣ
ãҽк˹ǳӶŵųЦ
Ҳģ͵ʡ
ǵġ
ãͷһǧңȸٶûɣ͵ֱӱ
û⣬ʲôʱԳ˹ʡ
ǰǰۺϱɡ͵΢΢һЦ
Ǻðɣǵʱ
ţȻȥ׼һˡ͵ϲɫһӱBӶţԤʱ仹ҪأֿԶʡЩˡ
͵ߺЦǺǣǶǸս˰͵鷳ųǼһ°ɡ
漴Ʒ뺺˹߽˹̨ǰʼϵǼǡ
˹ȸʣƷСֵܣϣǱΪǵ׸
ǺǣҲǱǡƷ粻мһЦеıһӣſ뿪
ųЩСӺšƷߵĵ
ſǺ£ʱҪǳ⣬Ӷɲǵˡ˹յЦЦ
Ʒһ㶣յЦЦ
ӶӶǲģϵӶͬʱִͬһʱĸӶų⣬ǳǸӶŵӶӶá
Ӷŵһӻ񣬶һӶźǵ˭׸أ


161 ì
ʲôBӶţ󾪡
ûϷȥˣӶǽŸոձΪBӶŵġһࡣ
Ҳ̫ˣŶ̶̼¾ΪBӶš
ųϷãֹ˼򵥣ϷûǽǴɡصĵ
Ხѵ㻹ûоԴǸһ֮ʵͻͽǸ֮Ϊ죬ҲԺܹӶšֵ
ǣϷǵİȫ¶˵֮ɫ
ɲصˣϲȵġµЦЦΪļǵãƷԥĽԼһҪ󣬿ɼƷеĵλжء
߲ĵϲȵĻȵĸأ
ԣ˼˻ţǴտõģɣ鷳Ხȸǣһɱǵİȫɺúõȥ˽ǸˣܾǸԺӶмİ
ţϷԸǰߵ˵ͷ

ֱ˰ʱ֡
Ӷǵţſٵģرҹɫʼ֮ʱѾûʲô˴ˡ
˿⣬ȴǾۼһȺˣʮˡ
ңϵĶЩصĻڲס˲֪װöЩʲô
͵ǸΪˣ˴λѡڰʱһǲó̫֪ǰ͵²дӶšϾӶ˻͵֮һʳסɹġ
ܿ죬ﶼѾˣ͵ҲǴʮλˡ
ʱ˹˹Щͷʵ͵ôӶŶӰأǲ˰ɡ
ΪӶû𣿡͵лЦЦ
ǺǣҲǡ˹һЦ
Ǿ͵ȵȰɣʱ硣͵˵
š˹˵ͷ㿪ʼԸµĵְÿߡ
ãͻȻ˵ˣ
һѰͷȥŵ߷˼ģӰ
˰ɣ͵²ЦЦ
ô٣Ӧòɡ˹ɱþ
ģЩӰԽʱ˱㾪㵵ĿȷʵӶŵˣȴֻȵ˶ѡ
˼͵ˡƷſǰǸЦ
Ǻǣոպá͵ЦЦɻƷˣɻʣӶžֻ𣿡
ǵģֻǡƷ絭Ļص
ߣҲ̫˵ȥ˰ɣǳӶſǳʮˣӶõӶͬȵģǾùƽ𣿡˹ǰߵ
ѵǳӶŵʵȡ𣿡Ʒĵıۺ˹
˹һ㶣죬ȻƷԼǾΪǵʵԱӶŵ𣿡
ҿûô˵ΪӶŵļֵҪ߹ǡƷ粻ĵ
Сӣ˵Ļʲô־ԱԣǻƷ̲ס
ԵĻǷ㣡ŭվ˳š
͵¼ƲǰֹǶҹӶӶţҲ֮ʲôԹֻҪﻹû͵ص㣬Ҳϣ֮ʲôһ̳ǵĻ񡣡
⻰˲侲֮ȴʱ̳һɻҩζ
ߣСӣס˵ĻΪǵ׸ΪǾԲǵġ˹Ʒ硣
պãҲûʲôҪǡƷ粻мĻص
˹תߡ
͵¼˹߿󣬱ЦĳƷһЦǺǣӶŵѾرȥ˽ˣǡ
Ǻǣǰ͵ͨƷ΢΢һЦ
ţϣԱΪأΪЩҺͰ˵Ҫ͵ѵ
ףһᾡȫģϾǵһλ񡣡ƷصĻص
ллˡ͵¸мһЦ漴˽еˣڿˣһֱ߱ɡ
˵գ͵±һµ˼ڻмһ۵СУͦܵġ
ʱ˹ɻ˳еǣˣ
䣬һ˷ܵĻһµó̱㿪ʼˣһ糤̶ӣʼʽ塣
ӵģǳӶţ˵ĺ˹ͷ̶ǰߡ
Ʒˣȴյ棬Ǻе̸š
ʱŭǻƷǰĵų㿴Ӷһ㾯ʶжûУѵȥ˵˵𣿡
޿ˣ˵Ļ𣿡˹ǻƷӣյĵǶԵֻ洦
Ǻǣų˵ǡ޿һЦ
ЩƷǶ֪ƷȻֵ÷ǳЩ۹οһ㡣
ԼĪ˺üʱͷɫ𽥵İΧ·ҲǺܺˣҲһֱǿҵĵţƺʱҪһ㡣
ͣ
˹ͻȻֽ
һͣ
ʲô˰͵´ɫõ˳
󣬺˹˹ĵ͵ɫ·㣬ҲѾʮˣͣЪϢɣտЩ·
ԣ͵ܱߵᰵѰ˼˻Ǻðɣÿû
İɣǶġ˹
š͵µ˵ͷصУϾﻹġ
漴˹㿪ʼʾһЩ𣬱ϾҹʱǱȽϺģҸ˲ٵ·ҲǶˡ
Ʒ磬㿴Ƕͣˡȵ
ǺǣҲúôްɣɻкܳ·ҪءƷЦ
š˵˵ͷѰ˴طʼޡ
󲻾ãѾȼ𣬺˹ǿʼó׼õʳ̵Ľп⡣
ʱ˹޿˽˹˵ȥڸʲô
ǡ޿һӦ߿ˡ
ɣ޿͵͵߽ӽƷǣǾ㵵ķ֣ƷǾǵһڵһ
ʲô޿ɣתȥ
˹޿ɻĻˣüͷʣôʲô
޿ͷĵǶ֣һǶ˵ĸоȴǷǳ졣
Ǻǣѣˡ˹мЦЦ
𣿡޿ɫȻƷǶĸоȴĥ͸ĸоƺûô򵥡
˹޿˼ӣвóƿƣ˷ܵЦ޿ֵܣеʹ죡
䣬˱ϲĻ˲˷
ʵӶߵģﶼǼңһģҲǸεյֵܡ


162 ֶβ
ϴһˡڰһ
鿴ô
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ǵж٣
ʮ˰ɡ
ô࣬Ͻȥٶе֣˶ȽϺð¡
ǡǣȥ

ʱӶŵ˻ھУȴǲ֪ѾǱ˸ˡ
Щжŵˣȴǳٳδг֡
ֵһϣҲƽйȥˡ
˹ıһЩƣˣ͵ҲǴЦ˳Ӧ˯˸þ
˹ųǸ˰ɡ͵ӭ˹Ц
ţӶŵ׼˾߰ɡ˹ͷ
˵꣬Զ㴫Ʒ׼ˡ
漴Ʒſ˹
͵簡Ʒ΢ЦŴк
Ǻǣ磬ǵɫ͵Ц
ȻǿɲĳЩˡƷۺ˹
˹һ㶣ŭڱǡ
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漴ƷһҲǰԶһȺ̫ǵȴš
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ͷԤʾ˲ԤУֵĴãҿӣ
Ⱥһ󱩶תӣ澹Ǻܻıûˡ
ɲ߾ߵģ˹ĴЦһȳȺ֮УɨһһƬѪɣλδüѵˣһ¡

ͷ˫۱죬ҧһתͷӽŭ׺ĺ˹
գۣͷ˳嵽˺˹ǰȫһǿҵ϶һϬĽâֱն˺˹
˹һĺɨǳһɫâ
ʣ
ͷ˱ͻ˫ۣ価ž
һ˹һնͷϵĳǽͷ˵ͷ­նĵ˵ϣһƬѪ
˹ڵõ˷йĴУɱɱһ
һħаһ棬ʮɱȺһƬ̵ɱ¾Ѫɣ֫顣
Ⱥ˵ʵʵ̫ˣЩ˽ã㱻˸һնڵأ漫Ҳ̶áϧǣȺ˸Ѳ˺˹ǣоھһ㣬޷롣

һĲҽУԤʾһĽ
Ǻʱ˲̵Ļ棬ɱ˾˲̣ƺ˵Ѿ˵÷ֵˡĻ˶סˣȸǿһҰס
Ʒ˫ȭսŭ쵰һҪֹǣ
䣬Ʒȥһ磬ٵĳȥ


163 ŭһȭ
৵һһҽУ
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ɱͨͨ˹ĻһƿһƬѪѾ˼Ѫյʬ塣
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ĺ˹ûоʹֹͣɱ¾ӽȵЩǵҶ飡ɱ
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һɫâϮϮһ˫ֵ

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һ̣ƷӰѾӺ˹ԴԳһֻצӰס˺˹ǳĵҲ˵ͣ𣿡
㡭˹󾪣벻Ʒ絽ôôסԼһģ
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˹˾ǱƷһȭ֮ԶͨһݺݵˤڵأһƬ
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ʱ䣬˹İ˶ŵĶƷ硣
ʱ̶߹İ͵Ҳסˣ벻Ʒ羹ȻԼ˳֣ЩɵɵĴסˡ
Сӣˣ˹ǱķӣһŭָƷ硣
Ӷŵ˶˹׷׻ŵŭƷ硣
ǣ˭Ҳҳ֣ƷܹһȭǿߣûʹκεĶʵѾ㹻סˡ
Ʒź˹ߵ֣һԸģһǱƵģǣҿóǶǱƵģ
Ƶģ
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һĻ˶Ʒľٶˣû뵽ӵǿ似Ʒ磬Ȼλʵǿħʦ
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ǰƷӵһУһЩܣƷҲǷǳ͵ģΪÿһܶǻġЩܣٸƶЩܣǱΣȻЩƬģȻҲ඼׶ܡ
Ʒ翴Щ֮ƷѾоЩܣΪԷƴɱʱ򣬾Բŵӣ˵ȡϣǶǲġ
þã˾ƷʩЩ˵ˣҲЩҲ̶õʬ塣
ЩʣµˣڱƷʩ֮󣬾ûбֳκνٺϲãǱ˴˱źͷš
ԵһƬǿĻ˫۲ɺˣЩֳŽˣҲɫȻˡ
͵ģƷվŭź˹Ҳиģ
˹һ㶣ɫһ䣺иΣԶͶǵ޷ıģΪӶţҪİȫһϰǶᾡһȴɨӶ㶮𣿡
ƷһЦɷһλڴˣúʣǶЩʲôˣΪʲôԸΪ
һ㶣ǸƷˣƷôһ˵ɶסˡ
ΪһȺȴûκε֯ԣЦľȺʵ˲һ


164 Ͽ
˹Ʒ磬ٵϵɫӺʵ˵ΪҪȻǵ̶ӣ
Ӵ󾪣ɥص󡭡ˣʵ޿κΰ
޿κΣ޿κξͿ˷ȫȫǵʣ˹
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Ӽ˹ƺƷ磬㿪ʼ̾ʵҲǱΰ
ߣξҪȥ˹֮Աǡ
ɫȻĵΪǶǰ֮ǰǺСǱϴһգҵļˣӦˣеһУԼӣЩ׶ĵȥˣȴһ㷴ûС
˵ţӺ޺޵սȭͷ˫ۺˡ
һҲΪСе˱˹óĬˡ
ӼΪ棬ȥϣܹ·̶ռˣȻǸ޷ټȥǶģֻܳ²ߡΪһЩ·̶Ӽ˶ڣССЩҴߣҲƾССĲţû뵽վǣǺС򸶳˸ΪصĴۣڷŹǣԺҲ޷ټȥˡ
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˹Ǻ죬ŭ棡Ϳ𣿡
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ллӲýӹЩңĸм
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Ʒ羹ȻԼһı궼͸ӣҲӮ˵۷͵¶еһ
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ʵƷ⡣˵ǰеϴǵС򣬾ȻôĻЩгפƬڵĴˡƷб󵨵Ĳ²⣬˴̶ӴЩԻᱻȥġ
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͵ԥãǸյĴϿȣ¶˵ǺðɣǾʹϿȥɣֻȽһĻĻʱҲȽס
ţеǾȷһĻȽȥɣûĻ˰Ѻһͽ˹ص
ðɣ׼ôĻ͵²Ʒ뺺˹
ЩǱȽ̰ˣȽǰһĻеǱһǣ֪һҲȶǰһĻ֣ԺһĻ;ȫģɰ͵ǸɣǰһĻҪ̶ӵԲܹɢԾӶȫ͡˹˵
ţҲãͰ˹ų˼ɡ͵µ˵ͷ
ûƷ絭
װԱֳǰɳӶŹͬ𣬶͵±ںϿȺϢ
ǣΪ˹͵µİȫ˹Ʒ綼˸¸𱣻͵ǵİȫ
ԣӶе޿ˣӶŵɭᰣ㸺
漴֮Ӷŵ˿ʼѺǰϵĻʽ˺Ͽȡ


165 ǵ
ϿȣʵҲƬɽһֽߡ
ȵ󣬾ֱߣҲɡ
ʱ˹Ļ߽˺ϿȰ׵ľ롣
߽Ͽ棬ԵüΪİȴ˾⾲Щݡ
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ʱֿʼˣţֻǸһССĽѵǲѻĻǾҪͨͨ
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˹ýǿߣʱܹƷ磬ߵСӣ㲻˵ȥ𣿡
ܹȥأƷ絭ĻصǰƷϿжԿ߽ħޣʱϿȿɱϿȸնˣƾƷṦҲǿɵķȥ˵ƬϿȡ
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ãס˵ĻһЦ˫һţӯӾǱڻһ˶͵ɽϡ
˹һ㶣һĻȴ׵ˣҲǳ׵ɵסˡ
Ӧڳ˶ˡ
һ̣ƷˡûʹκεĶҲûнκεƷǱ½еһ㣬ɶˣ˫һһյʯϣıȥ


166 Ʋɵ
סססСӣ
ЩҲסˣδ˹
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ȻʯǿᣬұеƷ䲻
Ʒȴ֪ʯҪȥĻЩ˺ͻﶼʧˡ
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ԭΪƷҲӦʯ䣬𺧵ǣƷ粻ûаµĴӿеһʯһ㣬ӯһƮ˳ȥ˫ڿնߣգ۱ֻصұ֮С
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䣬ȵߣѸٵմһʮλĹ֣׼Ʒڷ
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ʱϿߵƷ磬˹ɤӡ
ǴӿţһҲѾ׼á
ʱ򣬾˶ΪƷҪȫ׹֮ʱ
ȻƷǹٴγˣҲȫûκν֮˫ȫڷһڿնߣӵ˹ȱеһ档
ɱңǻأƷ糯ϿղԶȺǵЦ
Ǵӱŭˣŭ䣡
ಣ
һӿ֮ǹֵƷ硣
һΣƷҲûȥӭһԾ׷׶ܹЩ
žž
ЩϮǼӲұ֮Уȫ𲻵Чķ׷׵䡣
һ̣˵֮УƷѾճԾڴﵽЩڵĸ߶ȡ
ƷᣬһЩֵĵڣֵ˰ɣ
Ȼ䣬˵֮£ƷͻȻһ־֮ƣܱߵĿ¶ȼڣĻԪؿٵĻ۵ƷĵϿ֮
̼䣬˶ŵƷУһŵĻ档
ħȻħʦ
ЩѾȫľסˣϵжƺڵȴĳͷ
˹ͨͨѾųOͣƷӵǿ似ѾĴ̼һ˹ǣû뵽Ʒ羹ȻӵųߵĻϵħ츳ʵ̫ˣоһĻһ㣬ȴ˵ʵ
𡪡֮裡
һϵ쳹ƬϿȡ
ʱƷ۵ľ޴֮У͵ϯһ޴ĻСмٵתķ˿һ泤ĳЩھеĵϡ
ǲһֻĻ泤һȺĻ泤ϵϣĸȥ
һھѹ־ŴȻеӣ
˵꣬˻ûüߣǳȺĻΧסˡ

һĲҽϵЩˣ̼㱻Ϊĩ
𣬲ģΪ߼ħĻ֮裬ǽʦҪ֣οЩʵﵽʦĵ
һ̣ȵϱѾȫıûˣֻһĲҽȫһס
Ȼ䣬һȫһȼסӰڹȵʹŴӸд׷ɼָ߶ȵĻǳΪһ⽴һЩõˣӵñȽϿ죬ŵⱻһϮ
ǣ˶ˣû뵽Ʒʵ˵Ŀ¡
ᣬƷ趯˫ţڿԾ˹ȶ֮˴Ƭһ֮С
ӷӦ˹ŭ쵰ƣ
͵ģǴе϶һ޴ĺɫâӭһݺݵŭնȥû뵽ǴӾӵŽʵ
һǻǴȫһĶ֡
һ
ǱնеĻһ֮±ը˿ǲһ㣬ΪС㡣
յЩҵȺŭȵʲô
һ׷ͣסˣɽȥ
Ȼʱ
һ
ǴͻȻɴ˿־вϵѪؿ֮¶һĽ⣬ѪǴӾȫͻȻıףԼһôģ
˼һǻģǴӵԲ࣬̽Ʒݡ


167 ȭ
ݺݵģƷǴӵؿϰγ𽣡
ͨһ֮ǰʢ˵Ĵӣתۼ㵹Ѫ֮С
˾ŵĳֱ
͵أƷһ̧ͷӣЩ˱־ı˼
ʱһѾ˽ˣʣ˶ʵǿģɫİΧƷ磬˴˶ţٳδҶ֡
ƷʵǣС¶Ǹɵ𣿡
һһʱû˻ش𣬱Ͼ˭Ҳǳͷ
ƷɫһǾĬˣ
ߣϼǺӶŻû¹˭һλɫӷŭվС飬ǺӶŶ֪˶ٴˣɱҲʤӻںһ𣿡
һɼеûǶ֪˶ٻˣѵ𣿶أǿռƣѵһƷ硣
Ȼ䣬Щλս⣬ɱһѰ
ģһѤĿĶ֮ҫЩеĳڹȵΧƷ硣
Ʒɫһ䣬ߵǶǲˣҾǳĿ־ʹ࣡
ţ˸е㵵ľǣƷ羹Ȼʱе𽣣˫ȭЩ
Щһ㶣벻Ʒ羹Ȼʹýˡ
һ˾λСģħʦԲľԶһͬȥ
䣬Щͬʱв뷨ħʦսʿսħʦŰ
뵽ڴˣȻһŭĺɱӻϵĶƷΧ
ܺãƷֻ߬ȭͷոյ죬Ѿ㵽˫֮Уűը԰ǿ
ɱ
һҵĺɱһĽĳƷϮ˹粼޵ƷѾ޷ܼĽâӳ
ƷȻ壬ЩĽâãκȺĹ޷ռܣѳͨĹ켣
ݣݣ
һϬĽâƷӰǸպôǽâķ϶˹ȥӰܼĽâб任Ρ
ҲƷٶʵ̫ˣڳûܿƷΣȴǶоǹΣǿϢ𽥱ƽ
ЩˣϵĳϵĻ佣âȻ޷˵ƷֺǶ͹Ʒʵû뵽ƷٶȾ˿ݡ
ģһȵӰӽȺ֮С
˻δӦƷƾնְ㣬һֽеͳһȭŭȭ
һ
ӱͻ˫ֱۣһϵĶȫɢˣһζεȴǿӵڡƤ⣬ǣΡ
˶Ȼסˣɼƺڳޱȿµʹ࣬°ĭѪٺڵɫҵŤ
һ˶ȻֵۿǱƷһȭеĲλֱӴӵĺ֮УǿбһƳֱӱըһѪ
Ļ˶価ſ־֮ɫ˵Ʒֻλħʦһȭʵֲ̫ˣɱ˵ֶΣֱδš
ΪȭƷǰмΪԵһȭȭͷٶҪߣȭ֮ʱһεȭһȭȥϰȭ֮
ȭɲǷһܳܣĳʱ䳤ڱȭ֮󣬶ȳܱȽϳʱʹ࣬Ȼſʼȥ
ɼȭҲݵȭƷΪܹƽĳЩòʹֶˡȻƷ֮ǰȹƷϲΪǵŵҲƷΪġ
ʱնЩԭڵĵƷĸղһȭС
Ʒɫһһ˦־ǽеӸһӣֱӱӵԨϿ档
жˣϿ˾
˹ǵϿȥоʵʵɱҲûȥֹ
ȣ
һص죬˹ǿ֮󣬲㶼ˡΪǾȻһ˵ʬ壬ѾȴǱˤһƬ⽴ˣҲ̶á
Ÿһ˹ǾĿڹȶ֮Ӱǿ׷ȴûκκе
Ȼ󣬲Ҳ̶õĻֳˡ
ʱڹȵ֮ɱһƷѾŭĳɱȺ֮С
ЩʵǿǽʦѾﵽ˵⽣ʼʵƷ֣ǿԵİȭһȭȭĺȥ֮ˣ޲ʹ࣬ǻҪƷӵȵС
ʵֲ̫ˣЩԭֱ׳Ųĵ־壬һθо˵Ŀ¡
ݣ
һƷ͵Ϯ
ϧһӶ֮ʱƷѷӦ͵תһ綾߰Ŀסսֱۡ
һ
ƷݺݵĽӵָ۶ˣʹĿеĳأűȹ
͵ģƷһֻȭͷŭʹ־ŵӺȵǲɱ˺ܶڲǶǴˣʱʹ࣬ҲΪµܵӦеĳͷ

ӴĴ
ϧͻȻ䱻ͣסˣΪƷǸȭͷѾӵؿ֮С
ʹŤƺǰĪʹࡣ
Χĵһֿ˸е־һĻǾסˡ
ģƷ绺վЩҲǱŵ˺һ
ʱЩƷʱ򣬸оһˣһɱ˵ħ
ӣ
֪˭ͻȻ˵˱һ󾪽УǷعȵƴӡ
ߣӣûôף
Ʒ͵һ壬ָץֽŵǽλݺݵЩڷеĵ֮

һƬҽʯһҽ˻ҶӵȺУǱķ׷ˤʯ˸ͷѪ
˭ûʸٻȥƷЦţɱ
ЩЦǱŵƨĻԥĻ˵ϵƣ޲ö೤Ȱ·ȥ
ƷŲæĸЩӴܵĵҪɱĻõİ취ֱɱѡ


168 ǿƱ
ãȶ޶Ҳٱˤ³⽴
һ˹Ҳɻ
뵽֮ǰƷ˵֮˹Ѿǳ׵׵ˡ
ԣΪЩӣ˹ҲϿˡ
㣡㣡㣡һȥ˹һһֵָֽϺõλӡ
šų
λŵһҰףȻŽʦʵҪյϿȣԵЩˣҪǲҵǿɸЩһҪˤһˡ
˹λһΪѵӣʣôѵǶԸˣ
λӾں˹æ֡
ߣǲǵĻ̸ȥ˹һһԾϿȵ׸ߴΪ˰ȫ˹еĳҲݺݵĲұУȥĻҲȽϷˡ
λȻǲԸľں˹ֻ֮ܰԹţֲòȥϿȡ
ˣ㸺ԭı

УȫΪ˹䣬ǵӶʱԶĹģǺܴ
ʱⶴ棬λŮӣ䲻ԸıλӱŪһ߻žЦš
磬㿴ĵǱ߻ûϢҪǹȥɡԲһλǿλߺѵŮӣǵʵ
ˣĵܰµģٵȵȰɣǼ棡мλͷӻЦλŮӣ˫֣ǸͦУһΪܵӡ
Ȼʱ򣬶һλɫŵ˽һ߼еųˣųˣ
ʲô
˴󾪣ֱӽбЩŮӸݺݵ˦һߡ
ͷɫһʵʲôˣ˵
ӾŻصġųɱˣ
ʲô쵰ͷӷŭĳһȥСʬΣ
˵λų붴еˣѷŭĳеĳŭȥ
ģδ߳Զб㴫һƬʹĲҽ
һ
ʮӰǿб˳ȥֱ˵˶棬ѹһ㣬ɫʹڵš
˴󾪣ͨеĶȥһӰ𽥵˳
ûƷ硣
ǺǣҪҵ˾ǰô鷳ˡƷһЦ𽣡
ͷӵһƷ㾪סˣӸղһֶΣͿɷƷ似ǿᣬȴֵĸоƷϵĶϢֻ뵽һֿܣǾƷʵҪԶڳκһˣԲŻὫϢε
ͷӽʣ˭Ǻǵûɣ
ûҪˣɶǺǵŵ˰Ǹλͣ˵ûеңƷ絭ʡ
ͷһ㶣ߵǺǵдȣҲɱҵĵ֣
ɱǣѵɱңƷ粻мһЦϻǲҪ˵ˣĿΪ߸ߵĶ
СӣʲôȳһͷԵһλͲˣŭŽǿҵĺ⣬һնƷͷ­
룬Ƕ̶̵ףǿһ£Խռһ㣬˲ͱƵƷͷ֮ϡ
Ȼ䣬˶㵵һҪնƷͷ­ˣƷ羹ǹһ˿ӦûС
ݣ
һ˿ն¡
һӻŶ˵Уǿб˺һѿڣƷӰȴǹʧˡ
ʲôɫ󺧱䡣
ûʲô㻹̫ˣƷӾһӵҲࡣ
ݣ
һĽ֮һȴǰһҽУһֻųֱۣѪ׷˳ȥ
ܣ
磡
ͷ˵˹ȥסµɫ԰ף麹ӡ
󡭡磡ңҵֺáʹʹĺţǺ죬ӿ飬İѪҺҼ硣
ûµģһģͷӼȴΪ
MDҪɱ㣡һλȴǷŭİγһݺһƷؿϾ׼Ĵȥ
Ʒ翴ϵͻȻһһǽȥֱӵϻȥ
ʲôӶȻ䣬Ʒһٶʵ̫ˣҹĽǶ˵ĵ꣬޷ȥ
֮£Ƿŭӱȫǰ˹ȥ
ݵһ
ʹϱƷһѪڣеĳڵء
Ӳʣ͵ȭȫһһĳǿҵĺ⣬ɲӹƷһһȭƷס
ߣƷ͵Ļһƣõסǿȭš
ȭĺⱻţǿĳļѹƷһƣʹȫ֮Ȼ޷Ʒ硣
ƷɫһڵھͻӿУһɱըǿдг˿ȥ
һ
ֱֻ֣۶һ㣬ھʹ֮£˾ǿ͵֮Уֱ󷴵˳ȥݺݵײǼӲĶ֮УѪ
ܣ
ͷ˫۳ĴΧЩȴѱŵòҿ
ЩʯϵĳŮӿһĻŵУ־žΪһţ˫˸⡣
Ʒһ㶣ѭȥŷ֣ԭⶴо˲һĻȻЩŮű¶Լ壬ǷϿԵĿЩѪ˿ڡ
ɣƷŭս˫ȭ
㵽ſϷŹǣͷ˫ͻȻƷ磬ǿʵǰͷӻѡ
̸ˣƷ˫ǹͷӣЦ
˵̸ⶫǾƷΪȤġ


169 ŭɱ
̸֮ǰôӦǲɱǣͷ
ԣֻҪҵҾͿԷˡƷҪľǣˣĻҲûһڣ
ͷһ֪Ʒʣˣ˵Ҫˡ
ҵܼ򵥣˳Ǻǵ֮ˡ
ԡͷӴ󷽵Ӧ֪ƷҪЩŮӣЩ춼ˣŻȥĻҲûʲôˡ
УƷֵҪǺǵһĲƲ
ʲôһĲƲ
ͷӾסˣŭе˶ߣƷθҲʵ̫˰ɡ
УԲУǵǿľӪ˶ʮ꣬޷Уͷߵĵ
ߣǵͲҪ𣿡ƷŪе𽣣ʵƷںЩǮƣֻݺݵȥźǵŶѡ
ȻҪҲ̫֣һʧûУǺǵȴ֪˶ٵͷ
ǺӶҲٰɣƷǹͷӡ
ߣǿʳ磬ЩΪߣͷӺֱ׳Ľе
ǺǣǲãǶ˵ЩߣΪǿߣɱҲ֮ΪɣƷɫͻȻ
ҲɱңͷӴŭҲ̲ŭӽ𣬺ʢ
ŭһǹͷӾǿٵĳ嵽ƷǰһӻųɫĽâն˹ȥ
Ʒ۲мֱһֱ֮ӱӭһ
飡
˫һ˹Ⲩ۵Ǻɫ֮ⱻƷһ˳ȥ
һ
͵ľһεĹ⻡ͷӾѪǵһĿٵ˳ȥͨһݺݵˤڵء
쵰
ͷӴŭ͵ַӣǰһĻȴ㵵ͣסˡ
ܣ
ǵܰƷһקɫʹĶϱӣһ⡣
Сӣͷŭ
ǺǣƷһЦΧŵˣвҪľǣٲ˵Ļ˵ܣе˶һᣡҾٸЩʱúÿǣ
ͷһ㶣˫սЩɶԼĵְ
󡭡磡˵ҲһѣҪңŵɱȥǶϱӾǿĳǹͷӽе
žһ
ǶϱӺݺݵıһǶ⣬ƷĵҼʵװʲô壬ҿŶġ˶٣Ʒֲмǹͷӣʵιͺͷ㿼ǺûУҪֵܿɶҪΪˣ
ͺͷͷӱ࣬ͻȻ¶˾һ㣬޺޵ĵҴӦ㣡ȷҶܣ
ޣ򵥡ƷһЦ˦һƣֱӽǶϱӸˤڵأʹǶϱҽС
ͷƷ磬漴ӻһϾ
ţ벻ͷͷҲϾô߹ݰƷ¶˿ȡ
ߣٷϻͷϾһһǧңǺǵȫҲһΪ㲦ȥһĲƲûϾĻʽ׾޷ˡ
ǺǣȻУƷЦϵϾùɡ
šͷӵ˵ͷսϵĳڵĶѹʱ̶пܱһһıƽƷ硣
Ʒһ⣬һӶûУرڹͷӵƷθô󣬾λ̰ˣƷ˴ջ֮£Բ˵ľ衣
㣡ӻмأƷ粻ͷĵ
ţǹͷӱվƷǰ˵Ͼһ
ΪϾĲƲףֻҪֿɡ
ɣ˱˫ۡ
ǣƷЦݱ۵ʱ򣬹ͷȴ͵ĵɿۣŭȥɣ
ݵһ
ͷеĳ͵ͦ𣬳Ʒؿȫͦ˹ȥ־£ڹͷΪƷǱˡ
ϧǹͷȴȫ͹Ʒ硣
һȥ֮ʱƷͻȻƫƣһֱա
͵ģƷǰһ㣬һֳצסǹͷӵĲ

ǹͷӸеƺҪѿһ㣬Ǻ죬еĳ˵ľǣǹͷӾǱƷһǹͷӾǱһ㣬ڵĶ޷
ų
˴󾪣е־Ųǰ
MDӸƴˣ
Ҫɱ㣡
ͷͬΪֵܵλӣ˲ϵƣȫǿҵĺɫ⻪ŭĳɱ
˼ƣҲƴĻ𳤽ΧƷɱ
ߣһȺ˵ķƷɫһһһҰ׵Ĺͷӣһֺ𽣡
ģλӵнʵȳȻǱǶܵӶұۣҲǷŭսʹȫɱƷ硣
衪Ӱϡ
һͳƷŪϵĳ˲仮ӰĿĽ˵˫ۣĽȴġ
תֹۣƷȻ𽣡
ˣȴͣסˣƺһ㣬ֵĿƷ£ǵλӣϸһ̵ѪڣĿ
ֲ𺧣ڳ˸û˭ܿƷ絽γתۼƷһͬʱɱλ֡
µʵѾ𺧣ЩԭҪɱȥˣȴ壬ſˮš
Ʒһ䣬һ־Ĺͷӣݺݵ˵һĻᣬȴƫƫɥʧᣬֻøıˣҲҪеĲƲһҪ
һ
Ʒһʹǹͷͷһᣬͻ˫ۣʹеõԶĽѡ


170 շ
ͨ
ͷĵ˵ϣӲĿڴѪ
Ʒ˵Ʒɱ飬ЩײеĵͷĿûбҪϣǵĴڣǻи޹˱˺
ţƷ粻ЩʯϾŵЩŮӣ˵ǿ뿪ˣǵСȥɣǵļ˶ԭǵģ
ЩŮһ㶣Ȼһ㣬˵ʱǱȻĬˡԴӱǵ֮󣬰ٰ裬ǲɾ֮ˣȥҲûټˡ
Ʒ簵̾ԸܵЩŮӴ˿̵顣
͵ģƷתЩʣµʮλ
ЩƷôһŵһ亹ŵĽڸŷˣǰλǿɱֵǿߣǾŽҲԶƷĶ֡
Ȼ䣬Щڵȴٵһ㣬ţ׷еĳ
ƷȻзŭǷɱģ˵߰ɣϣԺʲôˣȻǵ³һҲǵųһ
˵꣬ƷĬĬıӡ
Щ˴ۣƺڽԵĽٳδߡ
ƺѾ˹ʶжȻϣĹâ
飡飡
һЩһһ˼ĺݺݹƷ
ƷһתЩϴһĨᶨĵ֪֮⣬ǵĮʵôǶҪҷ˵Ļǿɶûˣ
ǶˣһλΨһʣµĴʦ߼
ΪβߣƷʡ
ӹֻصһֱǸųǲŵȥģֵµӣǶѾܹˣǶӶţϣ˿Խǵ󡣡
ǼӶŵĻһҪŵµƷ֮Աǡ
һӶȢӣסõطҲ䡣ǵһûνļңһһһҪ͵͵ҪӶšһϵ˵
ߣӶҪǾԵģЩҲŲ̫Ʒӡ
һݺݵָһҧһңԴѪģΥ֮ԣر㽫ң
ţ˸һһЧ£ԥѪġ
Ʒа⣬еˣر񣬶ЩȻԴѪģԺԼҲǾҳˡ
ЩеĽƷ磬ƺƷҪ˵Ļʹǵһ㡣
þãƷ֮ǰ̸λӣɡ
£ǰ񣺡ˣ
ʲô֣Ʒʡ
ˣС˽˹ӻص
ţ˹Ʒ΢΢ͷ漴һŴǹͷϾݹ˹ĵ湲һǧĽңѾĨȥ˵ݣſȻĵְ˶ͻغСȻͽϾãǶС⳥
˹ֵ̿ĽӹϾǿһʵĲƸƷȴ׵ĽԼбܸж˷ģСһףҽмȥɣ˾ɡ
ӶţͱͨҵĿ顣Դ˴֮Ƕȥ̶Ҳǰǲǽǰ׷̶ӵĻǾ͸ɡƷ˵ûһ˿ǿЦӡ
˹һᶨĵ˷ģһ쵽ģ
ţУԺ󶼱ҴˣǶпܼӶŵĻͶųɡƷ絭˵
ԣ˹һжоɱȵҪǿˡ
ˣҲôǳȥˣǿɾͽвųˡƷ粻ѵ
Ǻǣнݾ˹Ц
ݾƷ¡
ǵģɣʹȥ˹ĵ
漴Ʒ˹ˣֱһȥ

̫ˣˣ˹վ˹ȶϣһΪӡ
šųûλҲųķ˹ȶ
漴ǾǾ㵵ķ֣ڹȶȴһӰûУһɻ̣ϻĵſҪսʬ壬ɢŴ̱ŵĶζ
ˣ˹ǶסˣǰһĻ˼
ų죿һʵ
ߣҿɣǺǵܹҲǵѡ˹ɾսеĳ
󣬺˹ǰС
ͻȻϿһһ죬˹ǽȻ
ʲôˣ
ǴϿ洫ġ
ţ쿴ȥ
£˹Ǳ»ص˹ȶߣľ΢΢ȥȴǿϿһ֡
šųƷųǡһľĵ
˹ҲȫľסˣƷղžѾϿȶȥ˲ھȻֹĳֵϿ棬Ҳʵ̫˲ˡ
ʱƷһȺŹȶɵź˹ǣʵιȥǲܺ氡
˹һ㶣Ӧҡ㣡
׳հⲻҪٲĻǿɵˣг̿ǵ󲻵ðƷĽкš
Сӣ˹ҧȥ
еλѾɫˣֻܰԹţѵȥ˹
֮£ĺ˹ֲ´Ͽȶȥ
νȥȥѣ˹еԩˣҪһŲĻˤɾͶ⽴ˡ
Ͽ˿Ļޱ͵Ц˹ɶˡ
ʱƷԵ˹Ը˹ǿԴǻȥˣҪϿǲ̶ӻ͸˵Խˣ𣿡
ǣų˹ͷһЦµĵ֣ЩѾ´µŮӣʼϿȥ
Ʒ£ȻЦЦû˵ʲô
ΧӶŵˣڿĻȴǶסˣҲǶƷԽӵĪĳݡ


171 
ôãĺ˹ǻûȫ
ʱ͵Ѿһ߹ˡ
͵һԶǽһƬǲҲ̶õʬǰʣƷųղŵǷʲôˣ
Ǻǣû£ЩѣѾˡƷ絭Ц
Ȼ޿ȴǼʣǵųأ
ءƷһЦ
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Ҳɻ󣬲ɷ׷ϿȥȴɵסˣΪǶ˺˹ֻյĹȱ
⡭ô£޿ɵסˣת˫۽Ʒ硣
ƷȤЦûʲôµģǵų̫İɣԲŻϿȥϰҰɣųҼرá
㣡޿ȴֱƷֹιҿ㻹ñҽУҪͻȻǵųҪôˤĻǿɾûôÿˡ
޿˵Ʒ磬һŭһߣ̧ͷǵĽź˹ǡ
ⳡʵ̫ˡ
ŴҵעתƵ˺˹ǵϣƷ統ĿǶ˳
һ£ǵӰƾճһƷǰ
Ʒ磡ˣôҲ˵޶˶ְǶؽȥˡһĽе
ⲻһɶûС׿ҲԹš
ǰִһϷﲻǰĲм
Ǻǣ˼ҲΪǵİȫѡƷǸһЦ
ȫͿʿǵ𣿡졣
ûУڻϿĻгϷûءƷһϿȥ
һ֪˿̴ǶϿϡ
£ǱϿȥɿӰϿŲţǼӰ֮УλǺ˹ڴϿʱԵüΪǱ̲סЦ
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ǣں˹ȥʱȴͷϿմɺˣ˹һֲ̫ʹһҪЩСʯͷʵǱֻһСĵһߴ
ŵȫֱҿһеÿˡ
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˹ͷϣһ嵽ƷǰŭʵСӣô㲻ӦⲻϷŪ𣿡
ϷŪƷۺ˹˹ų˵עִ磬Լ֮ǰûҲˣɱЩ㾹Ȼˡʵƣʱǲر͵ģнǲ顣УΪʲô˵һҾȻɱѣǾҵͨϿµıͨڣЩܲ˻ֱ͵ϿȥɡҶĺܲףǲ̳⣿
㣡˹ôŭҲκһ˿ɡ
ʲô㣡֪֪Ǹղŵľٶᵢҵг̣ʲôҵϷ֪жΣҪǲСˤĻǿɾû˸ˡƷĵ
ҾҲòܣ˹
˼û˵ҪܣֻҪˤĻ˿ɾͲˡƷЦ
ЩǳӶŵˣ̲ס찵ЦǵֱӣֵùЦ
˹о裬ȵЦʲô
ѵ㻹ЦȨ𣿡ﲻм˵
˹˸ưͿֲ֪η˫۵Ʒ磺ߣΪҲ֪ղŷߵЩɡ
һ㶣Ʒ硣
ƷųѵǸղ֪ͨǽЩˣĵ͵̲סʵ
ƷݵĻصȷʵǣǶѾշˣڽߵŮͻȥ˰ɡôѵʲô𣿡
ȻУӶһĴڣһ֮ǰЩ£ҳҴˣһοɲͬǿĵײеĵҪǷǵھǷŻɽ˹˵
ǶѾӶŵˣΪշǡƷƽĻص
շ
˾סˣЩĵɶЩģû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼ˵շǡ
ƷųҪǶǼٳأǵĹƣҪЩһԶûС˹˵
ԣ𣿡Ʒĵıۡ
˹һ㶣ʵĵ֮ҪЩ̶ӵĻǾԲͬġ
ǺǣǶѪأƷ絭Цʡ
Ѫģ
һ˹Ҳ˴סˣȻѪĵ˻ʲôѪĵˣǾҳϵġ
֪ǶʼɻԹޣ˹תȥ
ⲻ֪Ʒȴһִ˺˹ϣ˹ųǲǻһҪ鰡
ʲô£˹תƷ磬Ҳ档
Ʒ˼˻ЦҼǵųںʹĵʱ򣬺ˣǲǸгŵʱ˰
⻰˹󾪣ˣơƷųҿͿЦȥ˾ˣһл㡣
Ʒҡҡͷ˵³ŵʱǲӦҪְ
˲ѴƷⷽǻƷߡ
㿴˹ųڶͬҵĹ۵㣬ʹ󵨵ĿʼɡƷЦ
˰ɡ˹ΪѵĻص
ǺǣǿˣԺڴҵоһСˣĵֻĸԸĸ𣿡ƷһЦ
˹£ɻΧĵ֣Ҳоһ˫˫ε񣬺˹¶˾һ㣬ҧƷǰһ
˿ĻȻ󾪣ԭǴΪɳܵߵ
Զ˹ҪȫڵϵʱƷ˫ͻȻһ̽ȥס˺˹ǽ㵵ĺ˹·
㡭ǣ˹۲Ʒ硣
Ʒ絭ЦǺǣѾûΥԼˣҿ˰ɣϣԺǳӶźӶܹŽһ㣬ҲǿԺܿ˳ˡ
˹Ĭˣ˶Ĭˡ
͵ͷƷž⣺Ժܹɾһҵ


172 ʽ
ԴӺǵŸ֮Ʒǵ̶Ѿȫ뿪˺Ͽȡ
߳ϿȣһƬһ޼ʵĲԭʱܿЩСɽ
ǵһĿ꣬۹ٱ߾ԭǡ·ȴǻǳңԶ뻹
Ǻǣһ·ǻԭˣǵ˻ԭǣ밫Ҳ㲻Զˡ͵¸̾š
˹һɫв֪Щʲôþó˼ų̣
̶ӣʼ˻ԭǵķ
·
̲סƷʣƷ磬˵ǰ嵽һط
ҲƷҡҡͷ
֪Ħ˹ǰЦⰫأΪ尫СסķҲСɱССǰİսʿǷǳġ
ô֪ģȺʡ
ⶼҸ˵ġĦ˹˵
Ǻǣǵ˰ǲͶ֪ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
š
˵˵ͷȻ価һڴӡ
Ʒȴڰĳ˼ţԼ뿪ڼ֮ѾһˡһʱҲı࣬ƷĵĻԼ˵İȫ
ɣƷݺݵ߬ȭͷԼʵǵҪЩǿ
뵽ڴˣƷͻȻĪһ͵͵̸ЦŵĿǣа̾뿪

죬һգ۵Ĺ͹ȥˡ
̶Ӷǰһֱ·ϢԼĪҲ˰·
һƬԭϣûЩһЩС̶Ʒǵ̶Ҳǲ׿һ·˵Ϊġ
ֵľǣ˹ǻ֢һ㣬˵ûҲȼ䣬ûǽţҵǾòϰ
ʱҹĻ٣Ҷڲԭʱѡ
Ȼģ˹ΧһѣƷǺͰ͵һߡ
˹ǱȽ㣬ͳ׼õľƣЩһߴžƳЩ̸ֺЦţϾ綼Ѿϰˡ
ƷųҰﻹҪλ͵ЦǺǵʵ
ˣЩǳԵöЩЩˣȵ˳ٺúñһٰɡƷֵ
ǵʱ͡͵Ц
лˡƷ絭صʼ˻𣬱ϾƬԭϵҹʱǺġ
͵ǵ£Ʒǵĸʼеĸ
ȻƷüͷһ壬ԶƺǸӦЩʲô
ȲƷɫ䣬ʵƷ磬ôˣ
ûʲôһȺҪ߳ˡƷ˵
ʲôˣ
һһ嶯վֱѺ˹ǸӦסˡ
ʲôˣ
˹ǵ˹
˹ˡ͵Щŵ˵
˹ɫһеұ
ǣ
˷׷װγңԶĵȴš
ȴãһƬڰӰûС
Ʒֵܣ㿴˰ɣסʡ
ǿǸоȺʮңźܿ׷ˡƷ˵
˹ȴǾסˣû뵽Ʒ羹ǿԸоʮĶƷʵԽԽ͸ˡ
û뵽Ʒ˵ҹ֮УһȺ˳ж
ˣҿ׼˹
ˣԭǶǵˡƷϲЦ
ǵˣסˣ벻ƷΪ⡣
ãӰЩ˸ûκεĲ֮⣬ԼĪʮˣжһ˹
ûЩ˹ǡ
˹һЩˣȵǰվס
˹һҪƷǰʱͣһƷ㼤Ļųǣǿ׷ˣ
ų
ɵסˡ
ȻûʧɡƷЦ
£˹ƷʵƷųǶ˭
ˣƷ˵Щ˵շĵǶѾˣΪѾʽӶĳԱˣϣԺ˹ųܹ
ߣ鷳Ϳˡ˹˹ǣ漴»صԶ㲻Ʒˡ
͵ҲνȻЩѾƷշˣӶ̶ӵʵǿ˲٣ֶΪ
Ʒ磬ǵ𣿡ﾪʵ
ԭǣڲˡƷЦЦȻ㿪ʼ˹ǽԼ뿨Ǵҵݣк˹ǵĳӶźͰ͵¹˴εĸ
֮󣬿Ƕںˬ˹ǲ˺øС
˹ЦǺǣųǿɲûء
ţ·ϳôƷʡ
ǡ˹ЦЦ˷˼ŵİͷ˵ųǸ·һǺɣصصضȥеʳﶼŪˣʡ˷ѡ
ЩƷһЦ˹ǣиж
ɣƷǰһĴ˹ļϣ֣صЦ˹ӭǣʽӶţ
˹һ㶣ĵǣһų
ų
Ȼ䣬һĺƬԭϡ
˹Ҳƾסˣɷ׷׻ͷһ˷ܵƷǡ
ɣ˹Ĭˣ뵱ԼżλֳӶŵʱ򣬻ӡϧڣǲͬˡ
뵽ڴˣ˹вɾ쳣ɬҲӶŵˣƺָоɡ


173 ʾ
˹˷˰ľⶼ˳
˴ϲǿɲоˣһЩ׼õ⡣
ˣǿö۲ˣ͵ҲǺƤӵеĸſ˹ȥ
Ӷȴǿ۰Ͱ͵ģȴֻܿŸĽ
ųЩǶģͺȸʹɣ˹˷ܵЦ
ãȸʹ죡ƷҲԵΪ
Ȼ䣬
ɣƷӶǱ߹ȥź˹Цʵ˹ųĻҲոְɡ
޿ɫϲЩµ͵ۺ˹
˹䵭Ļصˣذɡ
Ʒ֪˹ô˵ɳЦʣأҪҪ
һ㶣ȴͻȻͣס˶ֻܺεּȥǸȾƶûȤˡ
Ʒҡҡͷһȥˣʱ͹ɣʱӭ
š˹΢΢ͷתƷ硣
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šƷ΢΢ͷ
ʱ˹ȴźƴһɵվƷЦųȻǵǵҲģԺһӶһ𹲶
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Ƿ׷Чʰƿ˷ܵЦݣ˱һɶ
͵¾ԵЩˣֺĸƷһžơ
˹Ǳ㿪ʼ׼濾Щˡ
ɣƷЦ˹ɣ
⡭ôԡ˹
ʲôԣΪ⣬Ϊų¼ĳԱҾ͸رĿǰɡƷЦ
رĿ⣿˹Ǿסˡ
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˹ǼƷ˻⣬㽫ЩնõͨͨݹƷ硣
ƷõЩʱ򣬲ûһ㿾ʱðѽϾͷڻֱӺ濾
ǣƷ罫ЩԼ£žǱ˫ۡ
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Ȼ˾УЩ⾹Ʒ˫趯Ư
ħ
˿֮⣬Ļ˶סˡ
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ӶǱߣҲǿĿɿڴɵƷݡ
һΣ˹ҲûԵ֮ǰƽԴϿһĻ˹ѾĵƷ磬ֿ˲ŵһĻǺ˹оͲֹˣ𺧣𺧣һɾ⣬ԼΪʲôƷǵأ
˲ãƷȻ˫ۣпƯŵĻԪأǿʼڲк濾ⲿҲѾ˱Ļϴζȫסˡ
ǣŨŨ˵ȴǹɢ˳
˼ޱȵĶЩƯŵ飬ˮֱͷһ죬͵Ʒһһˡ
ǣӶʵŨ֮ȴǶǵĥΪʱǵжڷŵҪҪȥҪǲȥĻôõʳҪˡ
˵ʵ˹ЩĶˣеĹִɴס˺
˲ãЩҲǼ濾ɡ
ͻȻƷٵĳ𽣣ƯŵлģĽӰ
ˣˣ
һ죬ɼƷ轣֮£һȭͷСԭء
תۣսƷЦˣ󹦸ɣλã
䣬ܲס˵ӿ˹һζĿŷ˺ңֱڽһսһ㣬ֵܷӶûˡ
Ʒ飬һ˿·һĻҡͷһЦ
ɣƷͻȻͷųӶŵЩ۰ͰͶŵЩˣЦҪǶɣرǵķء
޿Ƕɷһɳ嶯Ѿ쳬ܵļˡ
ʱ˹ͻȻתЦƷ磬ԼǰƺǱӣߵȥ͹ȥɣ
˵꣬޿ǱǽһɷһƷǱֱ˹ȥһӱ˷˺ҧС
ҵģҵģ
ιιܳģûǷأ
ʲôûǵķݣųرǹģñ̫֣

⾺ˣ˹ҲǱ࣬û뵽Լ»ܹȥˡ
ôҪ𣿡ƷͻȻ˸飬ЦرΪ׼ġ
ҲҪ˹һ䵭
Ʒɲܣһֱӽ˹ȥţ
˹һ㶣һץ飬ڱţЦЦǺǣζӦòллˡ
ҪҪҪٺȵأƷ粻ɻ˻еľƿӡ
ˣѾȵùˣǺúɣȥ𴦿Էе̶ӵ⡣˹˵꣬תȥ
Ʒź˹ȥ̾Ϣʰƿ
ֱ˹ѾԶȥʧ˺ҹС
ɣ˹¶Цݣ΢΢е飬ݺݵҧһڡ
治˹һɴ̻


174 ˹֮
һΪʢһ
ҲԵ˺þƣǳƷζ⡣ھٰһ㣬̸Ц֣ӶΪû˺˹ĴڣҲǾˣ˴˵ĹϵҲμࡣ
ǣҶƷĿȴǻ쳣Ŀ
ų㿴ҾȻôģųչһհɣǴҲиೢȡ˹ƻЦ
ǿʵ̫ζˣһǵһγԵζ֮ﰡ
ǰǰ
˿ʼ壬˸ޱȼʵ۹⡣
ƷĵԿԣҲҾˣȴɡ
ã˹վսĵǴҾԣ
ԣһ㶡
ǴĽڴҶʹʹķйһ°ɡ˹
ţⲻƷ˵ͷĵҪǵľǣûҪ棬ʿɶֹ˱˴ˡ
ǾͲɣ˹˵ţѾϵĳǸռˣҿʼɣϣܵõڳλĴͽ̡
漴˹㻺ߵ˵м䣬ȴ˵Ӧս
֪˹ʵ߱ŴʦʵڳҲλʦʵߣ˴˼š
ɣһ䵭޿ͻȻվ˳
˹޿˱ͬʱվм֮У˷ܣΧŸȦӿտһƬĵطԱǶ˷ӡ
ƷҲڴ˫˸ž⣬˹ǡ
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ʱԣ޿սⰻȻ˫ȭս
Ǿʹͽˣ˹ɫһ϶ټȼǿҵɫâӶŹֱ̳
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޿һ˫һţٵԾ˹ͷϿ֮ߣɨһţֱ߻¡
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˹ٶҪʤ޿һһѾҪ˿գ֮£ֻͳһţݺݵ˹ֱۡ
ϧ޿˲ûԤе˹˹ǿӲȭͷֱ˸档
飡
һ˹޿˸󷭷˳ȥÿء
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˵ʵȣƾУһʱҲѷʤ
Ʒ˹ע˹ǵսɲʵƷ磬Σ
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ڣ޿мܲס˫ȭĹͻȻһ¡
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Ϊ˲ձΣƷ統Ц˹ֵվ˰֪ûҪȥս˹ֵأ
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죡̻˸ɱȥ޿˼
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ͨһ
˹ͻȻ˵ĲԶĵ˵ϡ
˹ų
ɫ䣬˹ȥ
Ʒٶȼ죬ȳ嵽˺˹ǰһ𺺿˹Ʒ˱ͳ׵ľסˣ⡭˹ų
ʱ˹ѾѪǱǿлˣ˹ǲ죬ֵĵ졭ӡй֡
δȫ˵꣬˹ӿ˴ڵѪͷ͵ĳȥ
˹ųƷ󾪣û뵽˹׵ˣʵ̫ˡ


175 սʿ
ų
޿ǳ˹͵عڵء
Ҳ˹˺˹ǲ̵״ԵüΪķŭȸŵɫ԰ס
˭˭ɱǵų޿˷ŭţ˫Ŀ죬Ҳˣѷŭսϵĳ
Ʒɫһ˵˹ųǱͻȻػܰѾǲˣΪ˰ȫ뿪
Ʒ˹ʵ˹Ƚǿ߶һشʵƷҲȫûܹӦԡ
޿ʧȥǵųҪ˰Ƶġ
ǾߣһҪΪų𣡡޿˱ŭ
ߣܶԸ𣿶ųƴΪ˸ǿߣѵΥų˼𣿡Ʒߵ
ǵģǱѡ񣡡޿һų˳ȥ
ӶŵˣҲǸ޿һ̤˳
ƷһͻȻоǰļǿϢȻ
˵꣬ҹ֮УӴĺӰٵ̸˹
޿˵ɫ䣬޿˻ǷĻ𳤽ǵӴӰгɱ˹ȥɱ
飡
ֻһ죬޿˻ûü㱻һɾĳһ⣬ƬѪһžֵС
һ̣˶סˣʦʵԷĳ⽴ˣǻȥ
飡飡
һľ죬涼ƺһ㣬߶һӴĺӰʼĳˡ
˴󾪣ɫĽǼӴӰĵӶŵЩ˸ŵ־Ųˡ
Ʒ࣬ǸоϢӦǿʵԶԼԲʲô
ɣƷ𽣡
ѾŵȫǵڻǰƷߡ
͵ֻͨˣĻŵǶԶ
ڣ˶ǹĿѾһҰס
ǹѪɫ༫ǳª߳ߴףըԵĹͭɫԶ׼ںɫսף޸
ȡɣǡǱսʿһ˾ֵĺ
֮󣬸һҡ
ɣһǿ壬Իͳ塣ɵʵǷǳֲӵıɣֱӾ߱˽ʼ۷ǿʵ
ҲеȼΪɣͨɫΪսʿӵŲԵĿΪѪɣͨѪɫΪ̣ϱǰɣƽɡͳıǱɣǻƽɣѾǴ˵еĴˡ
ǣӵеʵǴ½Ϊֲģſڴ½á
ڣƷıǱĿɣȴѾ˵Ŀսʿ˵ԶԶԸսʿ
Ʒ磬ô죿ǺҪˣľʣ˸ŵֱʿˮ
ûʲô취ֻɱǣƷɫһλսʿо亹
Ȼλսʿھʮ֮ľͣǵСѪɫ䶢ڳˡ
ŵһ亹ǲǶˣߣ˫ȶڷģֵֻܾĵȴλսʿС
˭ĸˣмλսʿͳʵ
ǵųƷ򶨵Ľеɫк޾⡣
ųǱսʿмƷ磬Ҿ͸ֱ˵ɣΪѰʧһ֮֮Ϊ˼ٲҪǻǰɡ
Ʒһ䣬ߵܱǸ˵Ķǲ֪УУɱǵƾʲô㣡
ôȷղ˵Ļͳμһɿֲƿʼıѹ˹ȥӰɽ֡
˾ֱ֮£ִ͸ĸо
ΨУƷȻ壬ս˵ҴӲвɱҵ˻ٵõʲô
ЦƾЩ飿λսʿЦüǿš
ƷĺȵλǶĻ͸һȥɱ
ʲô˵Ǵλսʿڱŭˡ
˴󾪣ȻѾ˵ˣɷ׷ս˳ٵɢ˸Χ޴ıսʿ
ƷɫһĿ˵ǱȣľͽҺɭ
˵ţƷɭᰱվǰ˹ҲǻȻӵƷ󣬳־λսʿš
֪սʿŵȫĿȥ
ܺãǶҪˣмλսʿ˵
ǣƷһȵɱ
䣬ƷȻеĳɱ˹ȥ
Ӷŵ˼ˣ˫Ŀ죬Ҳƴĳɱ˹ȥ
̼䣬һѤĶ˺ҹϮĽâݺݵֱλսʿ
飡飡
һǿĽâϮǱսʿϣȴͨͨսסֻǻһ⻨λսʿһӰ춼ûС
ߣͣмλսʿĵĵ
Ʒҧһݣ˫͵һţǼٵԾ𣬻ӽм䴦λսʿ
Ǳսʿ̧ƷϺݺݵıһġ
˴󾪣ǸǾƷ磡
һƸȥһɾ磬ȴȫûлеƷ硣
ʲôǱսʿɫ
ûʲôǻǵһСƷϸСӰȴӵλսʿ
ݵһ
һϬĽҹƷĺųһȺɫѪ飬ݵֱ
𣡡
һʹޱȷŭĺУ쳹ƬĲԭ
˽ȻĿղм䴦һֱ˵ǱսʿƷ羹Ľ˫֮һ̵Ѫڣ˫ҲֱϹˣ


176 ֲĿ񻯣ϣ
һ֮£Ʒ羹ǻһλսʿ˫ۡ
𣡡
һŭĽǱսʿ˫մȾѪ˫ۣʹĺţɱǣһ
͵ģλսʿŭֱ
Ʒ󾪣ȵɢ
һ£Կɫ˵ɢ˿ȥ
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һ£һȵӰ˹
ֻɭ᰺ȣһɿֲĺڰϢȻɣͳɳƵŶ𣺡ڰɹ⣡
䣬˱㾪Ŀɭᰵķǰһɾ޴ĺڹпٶɣͽȻһǿ֮쳾
𣡡
λսʿŭ֪ڰɹ͵ļɲסӡ
ڣսʿ޴󣬱ǿǿµĺڰɹУǶʵʵ˺ʱǳصĽŲʼ뿪ڰɹв
ǿݾһǿ־ڱսʿû뵽Ʒ߾ǻλǿµħʦǿֱλսʿƴ
Ʒɫأ֪ɭҲ޷֧Ŷãɽ𽣣ٵԲ࣬ţֻǱսʿһƷʱĴ
ⲻ֪ЩսʿǿѾ
ǣλսʿȥ뿪Ǹվߣ˫ųڵϣйɿµѹš
Ʒ翴ĻֲõԤС
ֱλսʿ˫ȭ׼֮ʱƷڴ󾪺ɭߣ
ϧǳһ
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һ춯ذĺϾףλսʿſǾ죬ŭĺš
˿־ĵɴ˫ۣ׷˫
Ʒɫ䣬λսʿ֮ǰеһֲֿڹʨӺ
Ȼ֮䣬λսʿľ֮Уһɾ޴мɣתγɾ磬˺ѿ棬СĺڰɹĳϮȥ
ɭƷ˫ĴҲǿ͵бȱ˳ȥ
䣡
ֲ쫷ޣ˵棬̼㽫Ǻڰɹûˡ
꣡
ɭͷһУӣ쫷б׷˳ȥɼѪ衣
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͵ģȫһǱսʿؿϱն˹ȥ
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ƷǱսʿȻ󾪣ƷõһûǱսʿ˺ǱսʿԼųǿսףǱƷնˡ
һ̣Ʒ֮ʱһŭıսʿսǾ޴ȭͷƷĺ˹

ȭſµ磬֪һȭƷᱻ飬⽴
ƷһȭĹѾ¶˾ǿɥʧķ֮
һΣҲƷеΪһΣһǿеʱе˾
磬ռͣ٣˶ɴ˫ۣǸ˫۱ÿնƺǶѾΪƷ޷ٽҶһĶˡ
Ȼʱ̣һϤɳƵĴƣ
Ȼ䣬ǿһȭڰͣסˡ
ţһʹĺţǱսʿ¾ӳһ׳ѪɫѸٵıӵǱսʿȫ޴ӣǧϣʳǱսʿѪҺ
ˣλսʿȫǹµѪڸĲסӣλսʿţʹ֡
ţȻµƷ磬䰲ȫŵء
Ʒ磡
˵һģɳԶҡųŷȵͬʵݰĲӰ˶жˡ
ͷƷŵɭᰣжĵɭлл㡭
ߵľǣеӰš
𣡺𣡡
ʹĺţתþλսʿƴţȻѲƵľ
ϣһжǹɭᰵϣɭҲ㾡ȫȥάħȴȻԱսʿǿޱȵ¾ɭᰶֲ˶á
ɣƷǿʼе׼ӭһս
Χס
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˲ڳɣӶ˹ǼʮˣѸٵİΧλսʿʱ׼ŷǿĹ
ΨһܳƵ£Ʒֻʱȡ˺սʿȥӦˡ
ƷɫԵüΪأοƷͬ¶֣ΪЩսʿѾ޽ӽʥˡ
飡飡
еЩսʿţƵҲǿʼ𽥵ĽȻƿӵɵڱɵĶʵ̫ǿˣ֮뷴֮ԶԶ޷γȡ
ʱɭᰵҲǿʼҡˡϾɭᰵְر˵İΣΪ־ɭ᰼ʹǺķеԥȥ
ǣȴֻ۰Ͱ͵վһߣᣬţǿ£Ѿκεˡ
˹׿ˣǱȣ˵Ҳų˹ȥ
磡Ħ˹ǲʵĽ뵽ҪſȣĦ˹׿˲ûиųȥ
ͻȻһ졣
˾㵵Ŀ֮УѪɫĹâֱ
ƷһȻоһɸӿµҪһ㡣
͵ģƷ統ս𽣣ĶЩսʿȵ׼
ټ˶סһѤĶ֮һɱ֮ͷ˳ȥȴǴЩĿ־壬ΪһµǿС
ֻ֣ҪôҪôҪøĴۡ


177 ֲĿ񻯣£
գı䣬һĻܽһѪȵĳ档
ţδйĽţ£µѾʧȥ˿־֪Ѿʱóȥƴ
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һĺҡĵѶԤʾһ𼴽ʼ
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Ƶħɭᰵȫ߽⣬ǱЩսʿǿгˣը˿
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ɱ
Ʒ˫ĿĴһһԾ
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͵ģЩսʿȻͬʱһţ̤ȥ
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һѺ飬ʯͻȻ֮䣬һ;ƲϮ޾磬ܴ˳ȥ
ʲô
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Ȼ֮䣬һƬУһӰзء
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ȴǷ֣ǰЩսʿѾǲ֮ͬǰˣѪɫ˸ɭĹâ޴ǹһȦŵǣЩսʿ̺Ǳ֮ǰҪǿ˺ü
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ʵǸûҪӡ
飡飡飡
һǿҵ죬һϮ˱սʿϵļӲּϣֻĦѤĹ⻪һʵʵ˺ûС
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ͷЩսʿΨһûܵսױĵطҲͻƵĵط
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ʱƷѾλսʿķߣٵıƵЩϹ۵λսʿɱ˹ȥ
ǱսʿȻ˫ʧȴܹоϤΣϢƾ޾Ʒķ򣬻˫ȭŭ˹ȥ
Ȼ䣬ǧȭӰÿһȭǿ磬Ʒǳ׿ȻܵӰ죬еĹ켣Ѿƫ룬ƷṦ֮޷ȶޱȾյǳȺȭӰǱţ޷ǱսʿĹƣΣա
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ͳڣƷͻȻһһһģӾǻһǳսʿ֮¼˹ȥ
Ǳսʿ͵һ㶣˲˿գɶݵһ
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ȻǱսʿһһߴƷ˵Ļǣ㣬ǵһƷ
ݣ
Ʒȫ֮ݺݵĲǱսʿĺ֮УһɵԽֱӴ˿
Ǳսʿ˫һףǿ־Ŵ˾죬ŨŨİɫҺ壬ѾȫֹǱսʿ񾭣Ѿʧȥ˺е
һ
Ǳսʿ޴ӣѾĵ˵ϡ
Ʒǹ°ӰǱսʿͷ֮Уݺݵİγ𽣣ɽһƬѪ
˴󾪣λŭɱеıսʿתƷ磬Ųš
ǿıսʿǱƷһɱˣڸϣͬʱǿҳµ𾪡
𣡡
λսʿĳ׷ŭˣʧȥͬʹ֮ѾĴ̼ǣ̼޵Ǳ
ǾȻ˶˹Щ˵ĹͬʱתŹƷ硣
Ʒ磡
Ʒų
˶סˣ˫ȫƷϡ
ƷȻ壬ǿУὣǰĳҾȻɱһҾɱ


178 ȱ˪
飡飡
λսʿѾƷĲԶ֮ŭ˫۳価ŨŨɱ⡣
ƷȻ壬ὣ֣Ȼɣ
һ˵λսʿӷŭˡ
һһѣսʿͬʱƷһ籩ɲȻɣͳˣϮСƷ硣
Ʒ뽣ƺΪһ壬һĹâӭſ񳾷籩Ϯȥ
գۣƷ羹ͻǿ͵ķƣԾλսʿϿ֮УºݾĻӻһεĽ¡
λսʿо˴˻˫ۻϬĽǴ׳ӲֱĦ˵⻪
͵ģƷһ׹׼һλսʿȥֱһǱսʿıֱȥ
ݵһ͸ǿ𽣾ǽǱսʿϵս׸ѿһѿڣ۵Ĺ⻪һֱߡ
Ǳսʿ󾪣͵һתŭһȭֱƷֱ˹ȥ
Ʒ׼֮ʱٵǰһӣɵǴǱսʿ֮们ӹǱսʿֱҡһȥֶѿĿһὣһһӲս׾Ǳ
𣡡
Ǳսʿŭ͵̧ţݺݵȥ
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𣡡
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ʱƷȫӳһҲǱǿѪڣһȭƷѾڻһ
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ǷıսʿҲھ֮У㱻֮Զ
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Ʒ磡
Ѿ޵ˣڵˮ֮ħת˶޷£ڿȵھйɼΪµҪһ㡣
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飡飡
صĽŲŵĲ٣˹ѾٴսеĳʹǳȥʱѾ޷ֹⳡķˡ
ͻȻеƷͻȻ˫ۣŭһۣҶһۣ
͵ģƷһİεسӹһģĲӰǳ֮ǰԼλսʿϡ
λսʿȻ󾪣û뵽ΪѾƷ羹ȻԤµͻȻ͵ϮǱƷѡΪĿıսʿѾȫûзӦ
ݵһ
ҹһĽ⣬һֻڰŷѪŷƷӰȴȥ
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Ļ˶ˣƷ羹ǽǱսʿֱ۶նˡ
ϧһ̣¶ЦݵƷ磬ͻȻһưĺӰ
Ʒ󾪣ˣ˻һսʿ
飡
ƷһҽУӭһȭĺƺҪһ㣬ǿǹĶٴαƵѪڵء
𣡡
ǱսʿŭĽƷǰɫ˸ĹâŵһϢƷ硣
Ȼ󣬳ֻ̧޽ţ׼ƷСӡ
ƷĶǾ޽ԼǰϿգƺѾᵽϢƷȴ쳣ĲʣʹˣƷ綼Ѿʧȥκεķ֮
ȴģֻ

ڳеĿǣ˺İĴţϧѾ޷ֹˡ
𣡡
Ǳսʿļ́һţƷϣ̤ȥ
ƷѾˣı˫ۡ
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ʲô
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ȱ˪ˮϵħеİ˼ħμӲ֮ħһᱻ˪ᡣ
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ȣ
Ħ˹׿˴󾪣ӦڿصʱȵĽסˡ


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Ʒ΢΢˫ֻۣ޽㶳Ŷǰ
ɣƷһѵİӣƺڼеѰǵӰ
ȣƷȻֱӺ˳ȣ
Ʒ磡̫ˣû¡ƷĺԵޱȵϲ
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أƷ缴ʡ
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ѽȱ˵ЩˣȰųҪЩһַĻǿɾˡ˹
һ㶣ٳɣĽڵеƷ̧˳ڱܿǾ޽µвĽƷء
Ʒ磬û°ɣﵣǵʡ
û󰭣ֻе۶ѡƷ絭Ц
ʵƷںԼڵ״˼ڵҲǿĴˣǷǳĲֹۡ
ߣЩһʵ̫ˣô֣뽫ЩһʬΣ˹ݺݵĽе
ҲߣЩսʿɱֶʵ̫ˣӶתۼѾȥʮˣɼڳʹжôķŭ
ǻǸϽ߰ɣﲻǺܰȫƷͻȻ˵
ţ𣿡ʡ
԰ɡƷЦЦһһɾʹѸٵȫʹȫԣ͵ƷɫʹĻֵޣ߲ˡ
ţұɣ˵
ţллƷҲûоܾϾԼƾлҪңƷҪһʱȥڵˡ
ţѾƷ磬̶ӣȻӿ̸ԭǣ
֮£ѾΪ˵ˡ
ԣĸҳɣұЩֲıսʿѶˣ޲ܿ뿪
Ħ˹׿˼ﱳƷĦ˹һַŻеĿʵ磬ô죿
һǿȣƷ絣ǵ˹ȥٵǿľɨһ鿨ȵ״˵ڵħѾĴϢһ±ɡ
𸮿԰ɣ׿ʡ
ҿ²ˡƷεҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôһ㶡
Ҫǿ֧һΪǰȻ޷𸮣Ѿ޷ﵽٿ𸮵Ʒ̾
ǿ죿˼ˡ
ͽȥɣܿġ͵ͻȻ˹
Ʒ粻۰͵£ƺԵЩŭסˣͰ͵ȥɡ
Ʒ磬ҪҲһɣЦ
ţҲáƷ˵ͷϾʱƷҲȷʵҪһõط޸ָʵ뵽Լ뿨ȶƷоĪĸеϲ
ͻȻƷƺʲôȥڿȻڲԶĺɫӰ
ɭƷ簵̾ϢоȻɭᰲһΡ
漴ǱֱƷ뿨˰͵µ档
֮ʱէһ֣澹̹Ĵ󴲡
ߣ͵ɵܰƷı۰͵¡
øǵġ͵ŵһ亹ܸоƷԼ۹Ѿ֮ǰǰѺˡ
󣬵ǽƷ뿨ȸǴϵʱ˲ʶһΪε⣬ǾƷ羹Ȼ뿨ȹЪһ
ҲûٿˣǱ뿪ʼ̶ӣǰԭǡ
ʱ̶ӴǶλսʿǰʱȴû˷֣Ƕľ޴֮С
ȵһǱ֮У΢΢ѿһۼ

·ϣ̶ڳĬмٵĸš
һͷ˹һɵغ󡣵˲Ϊ֮ɫأΪʱǿıսʿ׷ɱԵٶ뿪Ƭ
͵ɫȴɻأЩսʿ˵Լ̶ҪĶЩȫ޹أôӣȻλսʿ
ô룬͵¾ʼ벻ס
УȾ˯һ㣬š
Ʒһߣʼˡ
ãƷ羭𸮵ĴǿᣬѾﵽ˵֮ԾһַƷ޸ˡ
˵ĻűݵħȻҲܹﵽٴﵽȻһµЧ
ãƻָ֮Ʒ㿪ʼϢοɲͬƷҪΪ˻ָĵ
Ȼڼٵ۷ҡţƷ簲Ĵš
ͻȻһƺײһʯͷ
еƷһʱס£Ʒ˫һţӱʹ԰ȥҪľƷ粢ûеǴϣһĵط
ʲô
Ʒ󾪣Բ෭˹ɫȥ˿Ű񾲵Ĳ
ϸĽëѩ׵ݣ˵ǸͦŵظһһĶţ˾ˣһ˭ܵջ
ɣƷʿˮоĪһаǲŵ֣ƺҪȥ⿪ĳ嶯
ԲУ
ƷͻȻ˹ֽţ˫۽ţĿʼﲦȥеǷ
˲ã亹Ʒ΢΢˫ۣٴνſŶ˵Цȣ֪ǵһλĵŮˡ
Ҳ֪һ˫۽ëȴǲ΢΢һ¡
Ʒſһ˵ĺ촽һǣƷЦǺǣһΣңһΣң׻һҲְɣ
û˵ʵҲ˵ƷƻЦĬ˰ɣҿɾ͡
˵ţƷе΢΢̽˹ȥ
ϧ²Ը
ͻȻһ͵һҲǾҵҡһƷǱַת˹¾Ȼƻˡ
ʲôˣ˴󾪡
ţһŭ羪װĻ
ãǱսʿ׷ˣҿܣﾪֵĴ
˻֣̿ٶȼӿٶȣ̶һٵζš
һΣǶĿ飬ӵ˵ĻҶܻӲ˵ĻЩµıսʿʹƴϣҲǼΪã


180 Σʱ
ߣ
˻Ľ˵ӿ˽Ų̶Ѹٵǰš
飡飡
ĵ棬˹ѹҹ֮УĴװĺ
ЩսʿѾǳ׵ķŭˣ׷ĻǾԻһѪ̶õĳ档
һ̣ԵôδйĿ־壬ޣ־Ŭš
֮Уҵĵҡ֮УƷҲĴתš
Ʒֱס˿ȣһץľϣסӡ
𣡡
һŭ֮ԽԽˣŵҰס
࣬оӴϢڱƽţٶȼȥĻǱ׷ҲǳԵ飬ϾԭҲ㻹аٶտĴУѾҲκڵˡ
ţͻȻ¶˾һ㣬󷽴ȥ
磡
Ħ˹˴󾪡
ǸϽߣҺ˹ֵһסǣȻҶ߲ˣͷһ
Ħ˹׿ĵһӦǣĬ¶˾ģһҧҲǸ󷽴˹ȥ
һ㶣ɫ˫֮Уȴ˸⡣
ЩеȴһĸжǵĴ֮٣ѾӮ˵ġǻǵӣȻ̶Ӿˡ
ϧ˭ҲûԤϵЩսʿ֮졣
ǻδ¶ԶӰŷŭĺӰֱ
Ӱưѹ£ɫ䡣
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ѡĿȺһɢǱĹĴ
䣡
Ӱػڴĵϣһµ׷׶Ѻ۸˽ȥסˡ
Ȼ֮䣬һѹµ;粨һܵ˿ȥ̳ûܡ

һľһӰǹ̳ĴҷɶˤĴ̶Ҳټͣ
ˣƷһֱŻ˯еĿȣ
ͻȻкһһһ͵ĳ֮гˣը˿
Ʒɫ䣬ȱſȣһֱӵ˳ȥ
һ
Ʒ籧ſȴݺݵ׷ɳ˽ʮ֮ԶƷıſȲܵκε˺϶ŵĦһƬ̳
̫ˣƷûлָ٣ôһˤƬˣǱǴֲڲĵҲĦγһѪۣʹ÷
ȣ
˫ĿĴսŭǰɱ
ٶ̳ɢ֮£ǽĵ֮УĮľӰ˳
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ߣҪ˶صĴۣͳ³ǵеĶħ
һ޴ıսʿ̤ŵ棬Ź̳ڵͳ
ɱ
˵ķ
ݣݣ
ʮѤĶâͳľӰݺݵϮ˹ȥ
λսʿ׼λϱıսʿ˱󣬶ǰλսʿȴ˫ۿǰ£ϷǿսףĽЩϬĽâɷ׷׵ס͵ֱ˹
һ˫͵һţһԾǳλսʿ
ȥɣ
ŭĻӳһ϶һ޴İɫ⻡ӭնıսʿǾ޴ͷ­ϡ
ⲻ֪ǱսʿǶ㶼㣬ӭǽâͳȥ
ͻȻһλ۵ıսʿ͵ķԾ˳ۣһĽâ
һ
âˣǱսʿֱϵսȴһ㻮ƵĺۼûУȴͱһǿķ֮
žһ£еĳǵ
Ҳ㣬ص׹ţȴǾֵĿǰһֻ޴ӲȭͷԼ
˿Ļ嶼ɵסˣֻ׺ıսʿȭڵеĿϡ
һ̣ʱ̣вʾǻΪ޾ķŭ
ԣԼԲһжûˡ
͵ģͻȻǲѪ˿صǱǻɽ緢һ㱬˳ХһȻҫǿҵĺɫ⻪
ͻˣͻˣʱ̣ﾹһͻƵ˽ʵ磬˶ˣƷһ˿һһǱ̬Ĺ
˲䣬˫ȭĵͷųڵȫҫպڸס˿ȫһŵǣ϶Ǻɫĳβݺݵײһֻǿ͵ľȭ
䣡
һ죬ڰ˲䵴һ޴ĺɫⲨǿ𵴲˹ķˡ
Ƕ۱սʿȱʧһ֣֮ˣһʱῴſʵҲʹȫȭһƴ֮£Ƕ۱սʿı֮Զ
ңȻѾͻΪ˽ʵۺʵϻǱǱսʿԶˡӲһȭ£ڵζ챻Ϯѿһ㣬Ѫ˫۲ʵıϣʮ֮Уڵء
һֶһӰˣأ
Ʒ羪ó𸮣ƾһ˿ܾ֮ȵõ˶ڣȻҿɶˡ
Ʒ׼ȽڣͻȻд˿Ǵáʹ
ʹ
Ʒһ㶣һȵӣȻƷˡ
ڿȵϣѾմŨŨѪҺһضϵӲľĲ˿ȵıϣѪֱͣ
ȣ
Ʒʹĺ˫⣬˿ȵӣס˿ȵѨλʧѪ࣬Ҳ޷ˡ
ȣһҪסӦңһҪסƷһСӰţû뵽ԼﾹռҪλá
ʱѾʹ԰ɫüͷţƺһħ
Ʒ粻ٳɣҲ˲вݵһִӿȵϰγӲľ
һ£һѪӿ˳ʹһУٴ˻ԡ
ȣסûµģһģ
ƷʹĺţڵĹħޱת
̼䣬Ʒб۳һǿҵİ׹⣬¶˿ȵϡ
ţ
λսʿһͻȻоһǿҵʥϢɱѭǹϢƷǴȥɫһ


181 ϵħ
Σʱ̣ƷѾȫвȫʩչŹħ޸ſȵơ
ֹסĻԿǴŮ֮壬¾ˡ
𣡡
λսʿƺǹʥϢΪУƷǱĹϢԶŭһ͵תƷǴȥ
Ħ˹ȻӦ˹е죡ֹǣ
˴󾪣λսʿʰƷǳȥ͵ҧأܲĻӽɱȥ
ǵܹ֮άֵڣΪƷĴڣƷѣ˶ԥѡƴɱȥ
ģһλսʿŵİΧסλսʿ
ųڵȫȻͷţ׷ǿҵĶâȻж־壬Ѿ౻ˡ
ǣλսʿƺ޽Щ˷ŭԶƷ磬һ˫̤ŵ棬ڵͳȥ
˹˫Ŀ죬ŭɱ
£˵˫۶Ѿ˰ıѪ죬δйļеĳವĳλսʿǰɱ˹ȥ
ݣݣ
һϬĽâ֮˷Χסλеıսʿ
λսʿǺ޷Ӷֱۣǿӳս׵ĳǿĻӶɨЩâ
̫ǿˣ̶ֳȵ˺Ասʿ޷˺
飡飡
һ죬Ǳսʿ˹Ⱥ˵ĴڣѽƷΪĿ꣬ŭȥ
ססǣǹȥ˹ɫĽкţӶų׷š
Ȼ䣬ǰļλʦѾǰֱ˹
͵ģҫ۵Ǽλʦ־ĳԾ͵ıսʿǰ׷׻ӶгŶĿ⣬ŭն¡
ݣ
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һ֮ͣλսʿоȻֱˣ͵Ǿ޴ȭͷŭһӭЩĽâֱ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬һƬҽУЩ޴ȭͷݻ˽âҳЩ˵
Ȼ䣬֮УɼĿһƬѪƮɢ䣬Ӱ׹

˹ǿһ˫Ŀ죬͵һ٣ҫŶĿĶâȺĻӴıսʿ
͵ģǶ۱սʿͻȻתӣ˫ڵأһɿµһţƺйɿֲҪһ㡣
ʱ䣬˹˽Ȼɫ䣬һʵ̫ϤˣѾǱѡˣɴһż˹ȥ
ɣ
һװŭɱһѤĽâϮǶ۱սʿ
һ̣Ƕ۱սʿҲ׼˹ƣһ֮УһɿҪƶĤĺ֮ӿһɿ񾢵ˣϮЩâûеˣһĽâǻƷ磬ϮǶ۱սʿ
飡飡
̻һ㣬ɶѵĽâǶ۱սʿӴбը˿Щ˹ǼǱµϹɱĵӡ
𣡡
һʹĺУǱսʿǱƵò϶ˣϵǿӲսףĻ˿һâսѾȫˡ
˹ҲǸ˲صĴۣӭǶ۱սʿ𹥻ͷͣػͷֱѪžžһӰĴӰе
ڣѾûз֮ˣղһҲֻǽǱսʿϵս׸˶ѣǶ۱սʿܵˣѾ㲻ʲôˡ
𣡡
Ƕ۱սʿŭͷ໽ţֱͫǹĺɫâһεķŭˡ
һΣȫǾˣɵڵص˹ǣҲǾʵԶھʩ˵Ʒ磬ھȥֹѾΪˡ
ʱһλսʿѾƷǵȥ
ǰλ۱սʿȴѹǹŭɱ֮һ㣬ı˹ǡ
һֻ޽̧׼ȥ̤һȺ֮ʱ
ͻȻ֮䣬ݵ⣬ǲ۵ĹɫǱںҹѼ⵶
һħǹ׼ĴǶ۱սʿ˫ۣէһ˫ĿнһƬѪ
𣡡
һʹĳХǶսʿһסԼѪյ˫ۣŭţǳźǹķǵĳ˹ȥ
˻ͷֵȥû뵽Ƕȥķ̶Щ֮С
Ȼһ֮أɭһֿ֧ŷȣڻָħͷų˺ڰħ֮Ƕ۱սʿ˫ۡ
͵һǾͳҲ˲ÿֵĴ졭ߣ
͵ģ͵µһ£ɢɭҲҡƴĸ롣
һ
Ǳ÷Ķ۱սʿһЩŭıһƷƬĺɫӲﾹڿзɢ˿ŵÿֽУƴѡ
ڣǶ۱սʿǿǾǼʲôʲôҲһƬǽ塣
ҵǣЩٵöǻ
һߣ׺ıսʿȴֱƷ֮
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𣡡
һŭУζһ̵ɱ¾ʼ
ǱսʿھƷǵĲԶ֮ʱ޴һŶɿն£ʯһ㣬ѹƷ뿨ȡ
˿ĻпԾ󵽣ƷǶᱻһ˫޽Ÿѹ⽴ˡ
Ϊһߣǰʦǿߣǰܼ䶼вΣյľס
͵ģǺӰȫʱƷ˫͵һоһǿѹȸԼͷϱѹ
Ʒ붼û룬ûȥǹ֮ʲôһܵ䣬ƷһסȵһƳڵء
ವһǸշļƷһֱſȼٵ˿ȥ
䣡
Ǳսʿ˫ųѹ˲ݣѺѸٵѿǿ͵ƷǺХһ㣬Ϯ˹ȥ
Ʒɫ䣬ϾǲִٶƷ޷㹻ķӦʱ䡣
˵һ£Ʒ类ǿһ򣬽ſȵ־ͻȻ˿
ȣ
Ʒʹ಻ʵĺһ뿨ͬʱƷ֮Уǿз˿㱻˦ɳ˶ʮ׶Զ
Ӱ֣Ǳսʿ˸аĹâǳزѵĿϱ˹ȥ
Ʒɫ䣬ڲ֪ʱһһͬԽ˿ռľ룬Խ˳µٶȣ˿ȵǰ
պãǾӰѾ̤ŵͳ
תۣľֻʣ֮ʱǱսʿǰԤ׵һӲߴǽ
Ǳսʿһһʱ޷ӦܼҪ㿪ȴ͵ײ˹ȥ
һ
Ǳսʿĳƻ̫ˣߴӲǽȻײˣǱսʿҲǼΪǱˤȥ
ƷҫǿҵɫĹâŭǻǵӰڵǱٶȵıƷֻоԼڵ֮ħڷıǣĸоеԪӿԼڣѹڵ֮УγһŨŨҺ塣
ûͻƵϵħʦǰףħۺΪҺ壬֮ħõ˿Խʵʻ
ͻ䣬ƷֻоԼڵ֮ħ쳣ǿʢһԼȼգƷ޲ýǹһͷųеӴ֮ħŷתҲǿ֮Ԫضš
𣡡
Ǳսʿֱվŭļ̧̤Ʒǡ
ȻǱսʿһʱǽ¾Ȼ͹һ¡ţԽԽߣԽԽ̡
ǱսʿͻȻɫ䣬ջͻȻһӰֱӽǷӦıսʿˡ
ʱǱսʿ󷭵ʱǰȻһʯ˹ʯ͵ĻһȭݺݵػǱսʿС
һ
ǱսʿдѪ޴ӣֱ׷˳ȥ
һĻڳˣıˣ


182 Ʒķ
ٻʯˣϵ߼ħϵħʦǿĸ߼ħ
ʯȻǱսʿĶ֣ͻһǱսʿ޴ӷӦŻɴ˳˼Ǵ
ţľ޴ʯˣѾе˹ǶˣǰһĻʵ̫ˡ
ûˣĵ˯ɣһúøʵģƷһɫ۵ĽŻ˯еĿȡ
ɣƷԳ𽣣ȸ˽ȥ
ħĽҲƷָ˴ҲʱȥǱսʿһˡ
һΣƷ粢֮ǰǰçײǿʼϸĵĹ۲Ǳսʿϣҳͻ㡣
һ
Ǳıսʿŭվŭǰϵʯˡ
͵ģ˫ȭսͳʯˡ
ʯΪٻ֮κζ˼룬ȫƾ˵ʶжƷʶǻٵǰͷ
ԣ׺ıսʿʯҲûѡ㣬͵ĳǰһȭֱǱսʿӲ
飡
һǿҵ죬ȭȭʯԲУֻʯͷֱ۱ˡ
͵ģǷŭıսʿ͵ػһȭʯ˵ؿڡ
һʯ˾Ǳըһ㣬˲ըΪʯɢڵأƷӰҲ˳
𼱣ûءƷһЦ
ǱսʿŭƷǵЦݣӴŵ棬Ʒ硣
ƷԭزĬ
ʱ䣬ԭɢʯǹΪһ壬һ޴Ӱʯ¶֣͵һţǷǱսʿ
ǱսʿһתʯǱӴӱֱ˹
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Ǳսʿ£ʯˣ޴ҲǱĵȥ
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ƷһӶеĳһһնʯɫıǱսʿ
ⲻ֪ǱսʿӦõǼ죬Ʒ繥δ͵ķӣɽʯ֮Уһȭֱȥ
һǱһǿȭ̼˺˴ʯǰһǿƷ磬ȭֱӺƷ硣
Ʒ͵һ׹£պöܹһȭ
͵ģƷ˫һ㣬ǳűսʿͦ˹ȥȥ硣

һƷһǱսʿĸսУһǿͷ˳ȥսΪɢǷǿսף˿
һǱսʿƵú˰벽֮Զо֮Σ붼û룬ƾŸоǳһȥ
Ʒһƾų׿ٵһ
䣡
ȭһ£˲䱻ҳ޿ӣǿȭһƷ磬ϯƷ硣
Ʒ׼Ƿƣ÷ݰӯ˳Ʒ粻ϵƮš
Ǳսʿŭ̶˫ȭҰް㱼׷š
˿ǴĿģ˿ѾȫƷǱսʿıݣϵƣĿתƷǵľս
Ǳսʿʵ̫ǿˣƷָ˴Ҳ޷ǱսʿӲƴ
ԣƷΨȡ
ƷƾԽƣǱսʿţǱսʿһ㶼κβƷ磬ԽǷŭ񻯵ҲԽԽǿ
ô죿Ҹô죿
ƷпʼˣȥȥŭĻǻԽԽ㡣ΪǱսʿǴڿ״̬УԽǼŭԽǿ
ǱսʿĹԽԽңĺУһ˫ȭӶϵĺƷţÿÿǿƾޱȵıܿǾȭϵıţǾѾȫסǱսʿ
˿ļ٣СƷᱻǾȭС
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186 ԭ
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С˹ɵӦѺõſǶȥˡ
Ʒ磬ȴǸ߶Եȥˡ


188 ص
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ģߵ˫ۻˣһ˯ܾúܾˡ


189 ħ
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ǣԲܣı˫ۣҲԺԶ޷ѹˡ


190 ħ
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ÿɣҾͿɵÿõʲôˣƷһȤζЦݣֵ˵ĵ


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193 ˮĽ
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194 ħ
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˿ʼһ֣һɵָ֡

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ˮţȻǿ׿ƣ˵һʱ䶼׼ѡˮȥЩС
һСǳֱУѶȣħʿʵһӱСˮŴСǰƾС
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˽ŵĿţĿɫһڸСš
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΢΢ͷʼԾɨЩ̵·ߡ
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۽ſȣЦС㣬ǿԵ
ҿɲԵȲĻص
һҲüͷһ壬û뵽ô˵棬ȾǳԲѷ
ԭ԰ӱȻŭû뷴¶Цݣ˵ƺǺܺãǻǿʼ԰ɣҽܰɣҽаϡ
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֣ܺϲ΢΢һЦ˵Կʼˡ
ߵ˵ͷ㿪ʼˡ
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һȻȻµ˿ʼͷȻƽʱǺаԵڰϵʵӦҪȥģǿΪ硣
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ʵⲢǰϵʵǳǿǰѴﵽɵľ硣ܼ򵥣ⳡϷɳΪԼĶӮڻԭǵĵλó²ߣ϶ں֮ǰðϽϰЩ̵Ĺһؾǰϱ۶׾ٵĿħﵽĳٶȡ
뵽ڴˣһˣ˵ħĻʥʦ֮µʵߣӦȫƷĶְɡ
ʱ̨ϵʵ棬λսԸ𣿡
þã¾һƬǴħʦʵ߶ˣǺοأ
ڣǶԸĽƷȥˣΪϵħѾﵽ˲˼ĵز
ֹãӦսҲһӣЩͷʣûӦսǿһҵĽ
һңȷʵǺջ󣬵ȴôá
߼ȻӦս׼ʤ֮ʱһͻȻȺлɣ
һҲһѭȥĿٴζ˿ȵǱߣһοɲǿȣƷ硣
˺ʧľǣƷ粻ȥᣬЦľǣƷǱһ
ûۻǽʲôħȣ
ߣⲻǺųսǿѵҲӵΪˮϵħ֮壿
ɵˣƷ磬ҲƷǲɵˣ


196 ޱȵ
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£ʼƷ̨ϣȻΪƷ֪
룬һսʿȻȥμʲôħʦľѾ̫ˡ
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ɵסˣΪⳡ֮޵Ӧսû뵽־Ʒ硣
˫ȻԼӵʵ˵Ʒ̨ĪĸоһɲõԤС
ڣΪе߶סˣƷ磬ܾƷϵҵġ
ɣ߻ͷεŰϣү㿴⡭
ߣû£Ա԰ɡ˫ŻƷ硣
ʱƷߵ̨ǰ˫ŰϣŵЦǺǣǿԵ
Сӣ˭ԵаȴǰֳһѺýӲЦݣصͦԵģұԵô㲻λħʦأ
ȻһսʿҲλħʦƷ΢΢һЦ
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һ㶣ƺоƷ粢еô׶Ըƾǿ̶ȣҲη֮С
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ȻԡƷ΢΢һЦ̧һ֣һָָ֮ϣѹһСˮš
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Ʒ磿ֺɫ΢΢һЦ
Կʼ˰ɡƷȻ밬ٶ೶ȥ
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ˮţѹǰһɱϢû뵽ˮžǱˣ̻ΪһС

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ˮħĹ̻̬ҪԶǿˮħٶȼ졣ȻıҪֽǾǲѴ֮Щ벻ǺԶеĹ켣ҵЩСУǶħǿս
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ЩСƷȻǿҲν
߼׼ãʼںˡ
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һϵúܳأ˽е߶Ʒϡ

ձøˣȫƷҲʼԾɨ׼йѰͻƵ·ߡ

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һΣٶȸ죬Щ谭Ѿȫ赲ס˵ħٶˣ涨׼·ߣֱವÿһСдš
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ǣϸСٶʵ̫ˣҹǿƷѡ
͵ģ׼һ·ߣƷ羹ðһǷıȫٳ˹ȥ
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С谭ĴһСȫûκһ˿Ĳߡ
49
50
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58
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ֻžһ죬Сˮһ鲣㣬˲㱻ˣһСˮСȴǼ١
һһСֱӴһٸСֱڰϵ˫ŵдˡ
𺧣ɫҡźһԾĶһЦƷ磬˵⡭ôܣ
ȫըԵ𺳣˳棬Ϣ
ֲֲħڿǿԶʤˮŵıƷ羹˳֣Щ̸޷Ʒ谭
Ʒһ̣˵УѾ콫Ʒ統һĴڡ
һսʿħϾ˵ĺˣֻħʦʵ磬ħˮƽȴֱʥʦ֮˵Ҫڵ;ﵽ߾ħĻֻһܣƷľѾﵽʥʦϵľ硣
뵽ڴˣ𺧾þ޷ƽ


197 ·
ӮˣƷӮˣȻȸԾ
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ԣ֮ǰ뵽ϷÿðϿˮյ֮ǰﵽ˳ɾͣѾȫһٸ̵λáˣԼĶӾϴħʦֶʤŵѿ֮
û뵽Ʒĳ֣ƻѾȫףһеŬΪУ֪ڵİжôķŭ
ʱڼҵĻ£Ʒ絭Ų֪İϣЦֵܣ治˼ˡ
һ㶣˹һŭָƷ磺㡭
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ŭƷ磬ûȥƷ磬ֻܰΪǿ˵ûʲô벻ʵ֮ǿ
ǺǣҲƷ΢΢һЦһһȰӡ
ֻӲЦлͽˡ
ʱǰƷ磬ű㳡»ŵȺʵ棬λս
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лʲôԺΪλûġһЦ
⻰ϵҲǿЦˡ

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û߳ȥĻǻ鷳Ʒ
ǿ죿ѲǻȥĦ˹Ｑˡ
ȻҪȥȻͲˡƷһЦ
һ㶣ǲƷ硣
Ʒ˵ǻðգǱѡǵñ·ж
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˵˵ҵɡƷ˵ҺȻȥܲܳһİաãǿԳŲμʱӳǡ
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Ȼǣ㣬н˹ֵܣλжȥ֪ͨ͵ȻǼһʱ䣬ﻤͣӶšϳųȥͲ̫עĿȻǳ˳֮һҪٵϣסһҪԭԶ㣬Ȼױ֡Ʒ֣صѵ
ųоеͨ˹ֵôЦ
˴ϲԽƷĲǡ
У˹˼ΪܣС˾ʱչ˺ˡƷ㽫СƵ˹ǰ
İɣųһóҵȥ˹ᶨĻص
Ʒ˵ͷΪ˱Ʒ绹ǽɭ᰸˹ߣ漴ֵˣȥμ֮Ǿ̰ƻжǾϢָ״̬Աж
漴˱ԻطϢһŲġ
Ʒ뿨ҲǿʼȥΪԼװ磬˵Ҳȥμᣬ⵱ȻܱƲ


198 
ԭǣ
ΪΪֵᣬУĶЩе塣
ֵǣټĳУдĳǾػ˸ĴҪһ㣬䱸ɭϡ
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ߵһ𣬿ɲ֪·˵Ľʼɡ
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Ʒߺ󲻾ã˹ǱжΪʼȥݡΪ˲ɣ˳ȥֻ֮ٷÿС飬ӴԺĸݡ
磬ҪԵƷ뿨ȣֻҪ˹Ƕ̫ĻӦòע⡣
ΪЩʱ䣬Ʒǹߵú֣ƵһһЦ̸ţǰλǱúƣֲȥƷǣֻܾôƵš
ֱãƷڸλǱ˳Ϊֵĳ
Ʒ֮˹ǵһѾʼһЩˣΪڰʱĴŶѾͨˡ
ĴţŽʮλĳǱʵϵȡнˣһߣӭ͵ģǰϡ
Ʒüͷһ壬벻ԭǵıڳˣҲʵ̫Լˡ
ԶһƷǣӭЦλˡ
룬ҲأƷſȵ֣ҫƵӭ
ϿĻаŭȴֹЦݣǾȥɡ
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Ʒ߰ŲӣְṲ̊˸š
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븮УŵƽʣܲõļݻмΪ֣ĴЩȨ֮Ц̸ţÿ߼ɿгǱ
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Ʒһ۱㿴˹ʹǲ˼ллǲʺʶ
˵꣬Ʒ˹ʹˣſȱֱʹ
˹ʹһ㶣û뵽ƷôشԼ
ʱǰ˹ʹ˵ļ򣬵ѵ˹ݳ⿴ҲҪѡöģСǻ
˹ʹһþòŷӦŵһ亹
ߵʹĴоʳ¡أվˣŮ壬˸ⱦֵơƷ뿨߽֮Щʿ˹¶˱֮ɫ˳óڵĻǶۿһۡ
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ħ˫ޣɣ
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ʱڽӴеİƷˣЦ˹
̫ˣˣӭǡ￴ƺܼӡ
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⡭ƷЩΪѰԵĿȡ
ǺǣİɣǶǵĿˣǵȻúдЦ
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һϣƷ˶ٸ񣬵ô˵ǰֱӱֳƷҲþܾϾƷǻҪȡ˹ʱ䡣
漴ƷԿЦȣȻɣȥȥ
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ȻðϼΪ񣬵Ϊȡ˹ʱ䣬ֻҪϲЩڳ飬ȻֱӾܾԣҪõľơ
һ㶣ӦϲúãһõľƣȻᡣ
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һЦݣֿˣ㼱Ҵҵ뿪ˡ

ȰĴйˣǶڰеŮڳû˸ȥȵɣԿȵҲǹͦɵġ
Զǰ鷿
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ܴҿԽԽˡ
Ŀ佱ˣ˵ˡƷ翪ʼˡ
ε̾ϢҲӦףһλ׵ĵȻԼĺӣҲҲҪˣһֱܵԼǲĺӡ㿴֪µģҸԹܽˣԺҲͿʡˡ
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¶һ˿Σ˵ųһǵˣ˵λǮûŮ㿴ҵ϶ԿСرжӣȻô˵ðЩɷԵĻҸһңΣ
һң̫˰ɣƷһݾȵӣΪȡʱ䣬Ʒ绹üЩʱ䡣
ﰵЦȷʵûܵ˽ǮջԺƷ˹ЦˣӦҵһҾˡ
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ʹ죡ЦټӻеݳϾʮңȸĶ𣬵Һٰ˻֮һ̸һ롣
ҲģϾԼʵиʮıƷҲ治ʲô
лˡƷ絹ҲĽӹϾԵ⣺ô˶ô׺Ūģ
漴Ϊʱ䣬ƷֹϾǰá
ǺǣģһûءЦ
֪ģҲԷһ𡣡ƷЦЦ
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㵣ӦͻȻֳȣвߣ뿪벽㣡
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199 ҪЮҪЮ
Сӣƾħʦʵһָͷ㣬ȿȻ㸶ĿĴۡв
ٶ鷿֮УһӴˮԪأϢµı䣬ֻҪһ֮䣬ƷͻȫΪһ
ƷȻ壬мĵѾǵĺˣרƭǮģû뵽˿װ׵͸ʮңЦˡ
ÿѪеķ͵һϢ±䣬ˮԪؿٵӿۡ
̼䣬ӴˮԪر˲۳ɱƷ罫ʵĸһı㡣
ݴЦ³ƾħʦʵҲҶ
Ÿ˵꣬ͻȻɵһƿһѺۡ
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ЩǱˣϽɢ˿ȥȥͨ籨Ԯˡ
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ôţЩǱֻϼ޴֡
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ϼˣû뵽Ʒ治ԼĻΧĳǾȫ֪롣

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ʹÿ͸ŴŭŰϣ㡭ΪһŮ˺㸸𣿡
һ䲻ʣۼ׵ֵıȴҪŻȥˡΧЩȫΪԹߣ˭Ҳǻܹ׼Ʒʵô
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ϿֱӽеĿȸݺݵ˦ƷǱߡ
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ܺãҺĻشʱƷԵ򶨣һֱŻĿȣȺΧ֮УὣڰϵĲϣȫ


200 
ôţȴһ
ԵüΪǱʱܹŭƷ˵СӣϽſҶҿԸȫʬ
ǺǣЦƷĵĵ㲻֪ڻ㻹ʸҪЮңǺǣǵþˣĲҪ𣿡
˵ţƷвɶ˼ŰϵĲӽЩ
ŵŰߵףһҪҰ°
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ƷһЦ˵Ҳò˵ȷʵλĳ֪㲻ùȥ̻ȥĶӣʧȥģڻԭǵĵλҲӴʧȥʱͶܽһĶӣõһЩõˡ
ߣô̶ӻֲңʶĻ̷ſҶȻ뿪ߵѾΧɱڵĳǾˣֻһԿϷġ
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ĳХ˫Ŀ죬ȥƷ磬ŭɱ
ȻȫǣĴʵĶ֮⣬ǶˣĻ̻̣һƬҡ
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201 ˮ֮
ʱڻԭУ䡣
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ʮĳǱѾ㳲Сҫ۵Ķ֮⡣
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һƬУǱӳĳǱ֮ͣһһѵĳǱϣľǵ
̫ˣΧǽʮĳǾû뵽κβƷ硣
СӣýˣһҼԶɫ⣬ӭͷһλɫӡ

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һ
ǽֱǿ׽ѪԵһǵȥ

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ԭΪһԻƷ磬塣
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˱㾪Ŀǽ־Ǳ˸һŲ
̫ǿˣλ̶֣Ƭ֮䣬ǱƷһһ
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ͻȻƷоһɿֲɱ
ȥ䲻Զһҫ۵ʮӰ
ʲô
Ʒ󾪣û뵽ԭǵʵǿ󣬾Ȼʮλʦʵߡ
ĻƷ粻սʱҲӵ㹻ˣΨ߲
ϧҪߵʱ²Զ֮һӴӿ
ȥƷȴǴ󾪡
ֳžŷȣһǿҵհĳȼ𣬳ŹǿˮԪ֮ħѾˡ
ٻˮ֮
䣬ǳǿҫ֮Уǿٵ۳塣
𣡡
һ֮֮˺˳գâ֮У絰ƿǣһɫ⻬ĳף֫һ⵶Ƶ
ˮ֮˵еˮޣżˮϵħٻٶȼ죬ͬʱӵħʵﵽʼ

пˣȻסˣˮ֮ҫǿ⣬Ҫԭǡ
Ʒɫ࣬ǰдǱˮ֮ʵΪѶԸ
ˮ֮Ϊٻѭ˰־Ŀ˲סƷ硣
һ
ˮ֮ͻȻŴ죬һˮǹ˳
Ʒ󾪣һԾ
һ
ˮǹǷ֮У̼ڷ֮ˣ
ƷŭŰˣֻ˺޹ˣ
ߣҵģˣﱩŭȵ
Ʒ˫Ӵˮ֮ǰЩǱҲֹͣ˳ɱȴǻʱ˹׼
ãҾȽ㣡
Ʒˮ֮š


202 ˮ֮ħ
ʱˮ֮ٻ֮ΧĳǱֹͣ˽ֻܰΧƷж
Ʒˮ֮ţ
Сӣˮ֮ɲöԸҪСˡЦ
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Ʒ˫ŭŴˮ֮𽣡
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ɣƷѾȫŭˮ֮
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һƬˮǲһӿ;֮ˮ۳ɱ
Ʒ𽣣һᵶϡ
飡
Ľֱն£˺Ѷɢ¡
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ģһһޣҪƽˡ
Ʒɫһ䣬ͻأڰȥһģĲӰ׹ˮ֮ͷ֮һο㻹
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Ʒ󾪣˵ѹһǿ͵һƣټȫѪһǿھڵı㣬ѿ
κΣһɺȥϵļºֱƶ
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Ʒ翪ʼļˡ
漴һɼµĺֱ塣ԭƷȥƵģȴǾȵķ֣ĺǰǿˮԪ֮
뵽ڴˣƷ羹ǷЦȶȫſ˵ֵźĲ룬ǿľǿǹɺȻŨϵŨ
źĲ룬Ʒ粻ϵգڵ֮Уڵ֮Ĥ֮ҺԱߣѹӴˮԪ֮ǿʼŨΪĤҺ壬ͻˮϵħʦ֮ǰס
þã֮У˶ŵڿҵˮ֮־δзӦƷ磬
ȴ־ĵɴ˫ۣԸоˮ֮ڲϵ
ܣǲܵģ￪ʼֵĺˡ
ܱߵĳǱ󾪣䰬ɫԣֽŵսе
ͻȻһһʹĺУˮˮβ֮һӰֱƶ
ʲô
˴󾪣ǵӰƷ硣
ˮ֮͵Ťתӣ͵ֱƷϳȥ
Ʒɫ䣬˫ųˮ֮趯ֵƣһɼ±Ϣɢٶ۳һ޴ˮ֮
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ϵ˱㾪ĿƷǰľ޴ײˮ֮ľ޿ڡ
ʲô֮ǹ
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䣡
춯ذ쳹ȫǣ֮ǹȫĻˮ֮Ԫؿܣ޴Ǽ֮ǹлΪƬƬǣɫ㣬өһ㣬Ե
һ˫˫𺧵֮УƷϵӰҶһ㣬Ʈһ֮С
Ʒڳɹˮ֮ħﵽ˴ħʦ֮


203 ԭ
ˮ֮ΪżٻħȻƷİ˼֮ǹˡ
˼ľǣƷ羹ȻˮϵħֲľǣƷˮϵħȻҲﵽ˴ħʦľ硣
棬ڳеˣ׵ˡ棬ʱϢ
һ̣ΧĳǱƷչֳʵסˣһʱ侹ǰﶼֵĵɴ˫ۣɵڷ֮й°Ʒ硣
ģƷɫһ䣬˫˲ס˰
ݵһ
ֻһӰȥգ۱ǰ
ȫûӦƷƵ˰ĳ˰Ĳ֮С
ôǲǾѾˣƷ˵
ﾪӦŵһ亹ĻصҪɱңܴӻԭӳȥ𣿡
ǺǣӣҵʵƾµЩݰǱס𣿡Ʒʡ
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⵹˵ùȥƷĻΧĳǱܼ򵥣ͨͨ˵ȥÿ㣬Ҳʲôҿ㹻İɱ㣡
ǡǣæͷ㳯ЩǱеЩû𣿿첻˿
ЩǱڰϣҲƷʵĳǱ㿪ʼŰ˼ߵĽֵѸٵ롣
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ң˵ˡﾪֱ˵ڵҶѾ˼ˡ
ƷһЦûصĻ
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һһʹУƷȻһţݺݵڰĸС
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ϧƾŰοٶȣ׷ȥĻֻƷǵľԽԽԶ

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ʮ֮Ħ˹ǵŻԭǵķȥ
ģƷʵӳԭǾûģŵ˵
ȷʵȻǶѾųķԸ뿪˻ԭǣų㹻İ뿪ԭǣȰɡ˹˵
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Ǳ׷սеĳ׼š
ģһЦҹ֮У̳һȺϰٺŵڵĳ˹
￴Ⱥ֮󣬽Ȼ󾪡
ȺˣûƷǣҲЩ׷ɱĳǱһȺ
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͵ŵɫ䣬˻ĺ档
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ȺУΪرλ޵ĳͷӣǰƿͼһɷӣʵ
˹ɫһԭ񣡡
ԭ񣿡סˡ
ûԭ񣡡˹ص˵ǻǵʱ򣬱ԭ֮Ȼһţȴ֯Զֶμ̵ĶΪ׵λͷӱǵ죬Ϊǡ񱪣ǽнʼʵųڵĻǿɶˡ
ɫ䡣
ǿߣЩСආѾ㹻ˡ
磬ڸô죿Ħ˹ＱʣЩҲǸеЩη塣
ӣӲˣֻһѡ񣬾ȥʱ䣬ϵƷ˵
ôϣĦ˹Ｑʡ
԰ɣ˹
һ㶣ʱ˹վǰЩλԭɣ
ޣϵǣĸȤʡ
ЩԭǺ˵ŵˣԭ֮š˹صʱ̽ŵ׼š
ޣԭǺ˵ŵˣôֳӶأ˵˵ŵͿɱǿˣӦò״ɣʡ
˹治ɫĻصӶжǵ֣ԡ
ھͳӶ֣
ԵĻǵȻϣǾǰһ˵ģԸ⳥ǵʧ˹Ц
ǺǣȤЦЦɫȻת䣬ҲǶ˽ԭɣֻҪԭѡеĿ꣬Ǿûн⳥ô򵥵飬ҪȫĻټǵ
˹һ㶣ԭ磬ºһ·ΪȡӸʱ䣬˹ŭ˵ûҪôݰɣǵֻ͵ĵһ͸Ӱɣ
ߣƾСආԭӣ񻢱ĵĻص
˹죬뿨˵ǶһΣ
ģ
סˡ
Ƕǵʵܹӵų˹ɫһ䣬ϳһɱɱ


204 ҵƴɱ
о˹ɢĹɱ񻢵˾¡
ߣǾֻʵ𣿡һġ
磬Ǹ߹ˡǵ
ʧ֪ǵôģұΪǶǿءһʧı顣
зûжŵʣ˹ֵܣΣ
Ͼ϶٣׼ӭսǣһҪų˹Ļصгȴ֪亹
ʱԭʾ֮£ΧЩʼƶз׷価ɱ
ˣĦ˹һвһ
Ȼԭʱûѡ֣ϰٺŵĶҲ׶Ը棬һλǿߣλʦĸ֣ЩʵǶԶԸһҪΪصĴۡ
ԭԭǸȤſߣԼЩѾ㹻Ըˡ
һһ˶ʼıƽɱˡ
ͻȻɫһһɱ
Ȼ䣬ϱҫǿҵĺɫâסλǿߣӽɱ˹ȥ
˹ҲǸŷ׷׳Ŷųɱ˹ȥ

ǽǿӲƴһǣƾУ˴˼䶼˰벽
գۣͦһ߰ĹŤתŽֱǽǿߵļ̽ȥ
һ˽þ˹죬ĵ˵ĵ꣬÷Ӧ𳤽̽Ľϵ˹ȥ
һ
ǿ͵һ𣬵еĳȴǽ˵ĳĦŵ⻨Ž˹ȥ
һǽʵ̫ˣеٶȼ졣
ݣ
һеĳˣֱ֮ϣıһ˿ڡ
ȥˣһóѣͦȥ
˴󾪣͵һ˫һţȥͻȻڳ֣һذףɫݵĴ˿ؿڡ
ʲô
󾪣û뵽ǶȻУͻȻԷ˵ĳʵ̫ˣÿ޷ٽзֻƴȥ㡣
͵ģذ׼򿨽ؿڵʱ򣬿͵һƫ
ݵһ
Ƿذױڿϻһ̵Ѫڣ̲סʹһ
͵ģҧأ͵ĺ㣬ٵһţڵжһֱ˵ݺݵ˹ȥ
飡
˲ҽһֱӱ߶ţѪ˳ȴֱӵɳ֮Զ
ڷսе˹ǣ𳤽ٵ˹ȥ
ϴЩСӵʽΪŹ֣²ôöԸǾ
ҪȥɡһԾԾսӡ
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˹ȴǿսѾǶദҲʣǱѪȾҲ֪ԼϵѪǵ˵Ѫ֮Щʵ̫ˣƶж֮
Ȼһĺ˽ȥɱĿȺ䣬һһĶն϶
̫ǿˣȻˣʵϾǴﵽ˽֮ȻЩʧȥ˽ǿߴڵĶǿĶ֡
˹һɱ׺սڣȫ˲ϵƣЩ˾ҵɱ֮С
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ݵһ
һͻȻϮһλʦֱ
Ħ˹һƴȫ֮һ˹ȥ

Ħ˹ȫһǿĳϮ̲סһѪ˳ԷǴʦ֣Եһ㡣
Ħ˹ȴκһ˿η壬ųŭı˹ȥ
һĵӣԭһֱնӻųһ޴ɫ⻡ӶŵŹ̳׺
ɲǼ䣬Ħ˹ＸҪˣ۹һ󣬻֮䣬ȫ𳤽ӭȥ
飡
һ֮䣬Ħ˹дѪҪһ㣬ʱһƬհףֻоԼҪһ㡣ƺɱеĳ棬û˻⵽Ħ˹Ĵڡ
Ǹȴǳû׷缱ȥһǿҵ⣬ϬĽֱеĦ˹
֮£ʹĦ˹ﷴӦˣҲûٽзˡ
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䣬׿ڵĶıǣķŵ⣬ƺͿҪͻˣеĳ֮ĺǶ
Ƕ΢һ£ȻмȻ׿˵ǱԭǿĴʦǿߣ̫Զˡ
ݣ
һһ⣬ɫĹ⣬ϬĽƺ˺˿ռ䣬ӭ׿˵һ

һɲѤ⻪׿˾֮УŵĳǱĽضˣǹĽȻֱ˹
ݵһ
䣬׿˵֮Уֱ£Ǳһ̵Ѫڣֵĵɴ˫ۣ֮£ĵȥ
ãĦ˹Ѿ䵹ڵأĿ׿˱һնĻ档
һ̣оԺٶһƬհףֳֵĻ档
һ̣Ħ˹˫ۺˣứ䣬ʱڼµķŭб

һ˺ѷΰĽ쳹أȫ
Ȼ䣬˶סˣĦ˹Ӱǿҵ⣬һ⣬ֱӳλ־Ķӡ
飡
һ죬ŭĦ˹ﾹһ鿪ǶӣѪ£ĽĦ˹Ǽ±Ӱ֮С
תĦ˹ȴѾıȥ׿ˣŭǰЩԥҶֵĶ
￴Ļ˫Ŀ죬ʹ˻һ׿ˣ
Ƕ
ˣӦ˶ˣĻеĳÿһÿһǺݺݵɱЩ
ЩҪһᣡĦ˹һֿ׿ˣһֽճ󲽶ǰһλȫûзӦ㱻һնˡ
ϧֻĴۣԶԶ㲻Ħ˹еķŭʹ࣬һȥһˡĦ˹ǴȺеĶħеĳϵĶȥһ
棬һƬѪȣɱ졣
ߣǸóˣ̲סˡ
߹ЦԱ͵Ŷ仰ˡ
ʱ䣬ǿҵϹ⣬ڵһ㣬ƾը˿ŵǿҶ˹ֲ̳纣һӿϮ˿ȥ
һ£ӰǿҵϹ֮Уʧˡ


205 ĺ
ʱɱ죬ɣ˹ǶѾȫɱˡЩѾǵĶ֣һһ
͵¿Ļŵȷ¶ڻ֮󣬾ֵŲɱһĻ
ΨУС˴վƬɱ֮Уû˻ȥ֪ĺӡ
С˿ǰѪȵһĻ֮ȴŵҰסֵľǣС˲ûжԭӣȴǷ˵Ѫ˿ڵѪҺƺͿҪ
ƺԶδ֪ѪҪһ㡣
ûǿ񻯺ǰס
ʱһλϱ۵ĶʹҪСߵʱ
͵ģ֮£С˾ǺݵûС˫ȭ
飡
һǶϱ۶ɫ֮£Ǳһ˫Сȭͷ˳ȥ
СȻǿᣬչСڻǶϱ۶֮СҲǿĳ¸ƵÿѪֱֱĵ˳ȥ͵µĲԶ
͵һԭȥСˣЩײеĶȴŵö˻ȥ
Сˣȴʹľڵأȫҵĳ鴤ų޷ܵʹࡣ

Ѿ˫Ŀ죬һֱӽһλնΪƬ
ڣ֮䣬ѾûκԿԣÿһĳƶ˵ĺݶ
գۣλɱ˹Χס˿

￴гǿҵĺɫնȥһĹ⻡
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ݺĽ˹̳λѱһնΪ룬Ѫ֮С
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һܵķӦһŭն˹ȥ
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͵ģݵýһڵأ϶˹ʮײֹס˽Ų
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Сӣʵҵ󣬿һᡣ񻢵ſ
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âƷһ赲ɢ˿ǿĳ֮ȴǱƵƷˣиѪϳʮ֮ŽأһƷܵƲᡣ
Ǵŭгŭ
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׹֮Уģ˫ۣ־ֵĿƷһֻ޽Ǻݺݵֱɨ˹

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211 
ʲô׷ˣһ
Ʒɫһ˵ֳôĶ㹻𰬵Ǽһעˣ
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ƷһݵһжǹǼһԵʣȻԼˣҿûô׷Źˣ
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֮ʱСȴתЩƷǾ޴ıӰ֮Уŵһȵĳݡ
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˶ӿŲǾǰˣ׷һǸˣŭĽкţ磬ٶȼ졣
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ſʼԽԽƽˣչۿȺĳ˹ɱƺһƬƣһ˸еϢѹ
͵ģƷɶһ߲ٿŽתһߺ𽣣Ԩħ
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⡭ôܣ
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ħʦǱʥʦ
ǣôţӻԭ뿪⣬̶Ҳһʱͷʱ䣬Ʒ֮ħ羹ȻͿԽһξ硣Ҳʵֲ̫ˣڴ½ʷ֮УﵽħߣһʥԶԶ޷֮ȡ
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䣡
һ죬߶Ҳǰˮ֮ħ̫ǿˣһɫֱʡ
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͵ģһҧٶһǿľ֮£Ǿ޴㾹Ȼʼˡ
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212 ֮
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𣡡
һ֮ıʼƷʾˡ
֣żħٻ֮Щƣ־ȫͬġ
ΪȫħԽٻħʵӵһǽһ۳ֻҪһֱȥԱֿˮϵħǿľżħħĻ踶ĴǼΪصġ
ħ㣬ǿʩչ֣ڵħѾݽߣ֮ڲſ»ָħͬˡ
ΣΪ˶ԸΪƷ磬һΰ˴Ѫ
ʱ滹صƺһǿҪһ㡣
ƷأѾɣԲֹһƷ绹ҪȥԸǱȷʵȽѶȡ
ԣƷɴͶһѡ
͵ģƷڵĿħǳˮһ㣬ӿ𽣡
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ǺǣƣҲ̲ס˰ɣƷעе𽣵Ц
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ʱС˺ò̧ŵʱͻȻʧȥƽ⣬ͨһֺݺݵԵ


214 а֮
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215 
壬һʵս壬Ҳһд塣
νˣǳýϰ߲һ壬ǿȫűըԵļ塣ԾԲҪΪϰСͿСӣսʿʵҲǶġ
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ƷȤζЦųٳδȭıȶ̲ס˷ʱˣͦסġ
ԣȶɫһսȭһ׼ĻƷǰ
һȭǱȶ֮Ҳһֵܵ
һ˲䣬˵ĿⶼһȭĹ켣֮С
飡
һ죬ȶеȭͷƷǰͣסˣƷһҲϹһЦݡ
ʲô
ȶһղԼѾ㹻ˣΪ΢ƷͿˡû뵽һȭȥ˼Ӳĸְһ㣬Ʒ羹һ㷴ӦûУеЩԡ
ʱ䣬ȶ˶סˣЩЩ˶ŵĶƷ硣
һ֣ǿ


216 ³ų
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ȸղǿ˵㡣Ʒ絭һЦȻֱͦӡ
ȵһ
ȶϳȼһǿˣ̳ɢ
͵ģһȭޱȳֱ֮Ʒؿڡ
ڣȶ˺Ʒ磬Ҳ˰˾Ų֮ӡƷؿڡ
飡
ͻһ죬ȶȫһֱǿһɰԵķ֮ȶֱҡЩվȡ
ƷȴȻЦ⣬ʵıݣȻ
𺧣Ե𺧣
ս֮һֱǰû뵽Աȶ⽣ʵȻȫƷֺ
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ȶһ֮£սڣȻƷ綼ȵסԼŲѵŲסʮ
͵ģȶһ˫ȭǿӿµ׷ױѣȶǶӣĿȫƷؿ֮С
սǿֱﵽ˶壬ȶƺǴЩ
𾴵ǿߣ㽫ӭǿһ۽ΣҶǼǵȶƷʵѾӮ˱ȶľ塣
ͬжЩսʿҲǶƷų羴ܹƾ֮ɵĵסȶʵѾˡ
֪Ʒ籾֮Ѿ߱˽ԵʹԵǽǿߣһҲܶ˺
񣬱ȶѾʮ˶ŹıȶƷȻһӡ
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ϵӰȻԭز֮ףȶ𺧣ֻұۣӣղŵһȭػѾȶֱֻ۸ˡ
ƷЦЦǰǸһЦǺǣ˼˵ˡ
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лˣҲƷ絭һЦʵӦÿȥǰ˰ɣ
ԣ㻹Ƿȭȶ֣صĻص
ǺǣǺܼ򵥣ͻ㣡ƷЦЦɱսȭͷ
һ㶣ЩսʿǾסˡ
ƷʵǿɶĿãƾ֮ԶԶǿȶҪƷȥȶĻǱȶҲҪˡ
ǣڱȶѾ˵ˣûзڵĵΪˣľ
ɣȶվֱӣɣ

Ʒɫһһ͵Ļȭֱűȶؿڡ
һȭٶȣޱȣĦľ綼壬ȶɱ˫ۣڵ
ۼһȭٶȾҪбȶʱ˶ס˺Ŀһ̡
ͻȻȭͷڱȶؿǰĺ֮ͣסˡ
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Ʒ磬ӶŵųƷЦ
ԭƷųȶһְؿڣʾųߵľ⣬ǶǰĿˣλȥɡ
ǺǣлˡƷϲһЦͷɵŵĿЦ߰ɡ
漴˲ŴӾűȶһаսʿʽ̤˰֮ء
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漴ȶָƷԱ³˵ףλǻʹ˴ӶųƷ硣
˵ţȶֲɴڱ³ĶС˵˼䣬ñ³ϲ¶˾ɫ
ãܸܹʶ㡣³ѺõЦ˫ȴһֱƷ磬û뵽Լʵȫ͸Ʒ硣
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ߺ󣬱³㼫ǿĶƷЦλɣǵҪЩʿ
ҵܹ֮ǵҰƷ˿ֵ̿Ļص
Ǻǣ롣³˸ơ
ƷǱǺĸű³һаսʿ˰Ҫء
;ţ鴦žžû֮ΧվఫˣŮ٣ôЩӣǺƷǡ
ϾڰУǼĿõģ˴֮䣬Ȼǳź棬ΪƷҲĴһУѺõЩǴк
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Ǻǣǰסĵطǲһвƣ¡³Ц
ûϵģǱ³ųˡƷһЦ
Ǿͺá³΢΢˵ͷ̽ԵʣųʵɣлĻҪúýһ
СлġƷ亹Ⱛÿһôսģͺ򺰶ģڰΪʵڵԸ񣬻׽ġ
ԼĪãԶһɽɽ䲻ߣķΧ
ǰǰأ½ǿʦǵɶء³ԵЩɫĵ
һǾʵǾڱ³ȻὫƷ밫ΪҪĵط
ǰ壬ֻҪΪѵˣǶǼΪĿڿ˵дҲԲĵġ
ƷǵҲãȻܽ밫еأȥȥ˵ĵط


217 
ɽ֮ڣһڣƷǵ߸պÿԴȥ
һ㣬סĵطΪСɽ֮󣬾ֻȻʵĸо澹ǱеĻҪ޴
֮УԵЩᰵϾ˶ҹӵǿж硣ƷЩˣСĵŶڶߡ
ڶһû֮ڶҲ֮أв̫ͨ磬ʹڶԵЩȡ
³һţһЦǺǣǰˣǻ᲻̫ϰߣֻܽһˡ
ˣܽеѾĪˡƷЦĿںڰֻܽƷ硣
ԼĪãڿʼҫ˺⡣
³Цˣǵء
Ʒ΢΢˵ͷҲЩţϾԵĿǰе
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ʱƷһ̤ʱ򣬱㱻ǰһĻסˡ
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Ʒǰ׳۵һĻһλİʦоĪӿһ˷֮СҪԼҲܹЩһһֻڻ֮УûԼϲƷ
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̸ţһش˹ϡͣϡͣӭλĿˡ
˾£ѭȥһλΪ׳İЦ˹
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޴ˣǻǰ
Щʦɷ׷ͣеĶ𾴵Ǿ޴Ǿ޴ƷǱߵķ֮ʱע⵽ƷĴڣȻ󾪣ôʱ߽ˣ
ʱ³һǾ޴ˣ㹧ѵ
Ǿ޴˳ĵͷ͵ѾƷǵǰ
μ䣬һǿɢ˿ȥһ˫Ʒһˣֱ˸еη
˾޴˱ǰ֮
ǰеĽ֮壬ӵʥ򼶵ǿʵʥǿߣƷ綼еһĪѹ˵ǣǾа
ʱĿ۵Ʒϵʱ򣬲¶һ˿ɫЦƷųɣ
Ʒһصȷʵǡ
ǺǣŴ΢΢һЦ޵ڴ½ߣӦûжٰɣ
Ʒһ㶣ôоԼܺ¶˰ǰһ㣬Ϊһ֮ڴ½еһЩϢҲӦһ鰵֪ģƷҲˡ
漴Ʒ㹧֮ҲǾյһȷʵҵȵҡ
ϲЦһظλ;Ҳ˰ɣЪ죬ǰԻúдǵġ
ǾлˡƷмĻص
ͷ漴Ա³Ը³ȴȥϢɣд
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³漴ƷЦλɣѾΪ׼ס
ͷˡƷص
Ʒһ˱ű³еһ߷ȥ
Ʒȥķ˫۾һػȤɡ


218 
ʱ³Ʒס֮
סĵطǱȽϼªģһĶңһʯʯм򵥵ϴϯڶסҲ㹻ģʯҲ㹻ġ
³εĵ˼ªЩֻίһˡ
Ǻǣ޷ɡƷ΢΢һЦ
ǾͺúϢɣһʳ³
Ǿ鷳ˡƷص
漴³ת뿪ˡ
ƷԿ˵Щĸ·Ҷ˰ɣԺúȥϢɡ
˱ԻطȷʵҲƣˡ
ƺƷ˵ЩʲôסˣҲȥˡ
Ʒ߽˶ңó𸮣¶һ˿ϲЦ⣬˫һκʧ
ʱ𸮵ռ֮УСŲӡ
ԲܹһҪǿһҪС˾ǿţҧأˮųصĲӡ
һʱĥСѾʮѹˣȻ߼ѣС˻Ȼȥ
ͻȻƷӰС
Сһʦ
ʦƷһ㶣ӦЦǺǣȻûʧѾʸΪҵһӡ
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ʦסС˻Ӧһԥ˻̲סʣʦҿɲи󣿡
˵ɡƷ絭Ļص
ҶӶˡС˿һŶӡ
ƷҡͷһЦֱóһСĸʳӹСˡ
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漴ƷֱӴСռС
ʲôطСһԼƺһյķУΧԽСЩĻžɵʣôоҵӺأ
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Сһ㶣һµϽ˫ۣ׿
Ʒĵͷ˫һǿľС˵Ժ֮С
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˲ãڴϣСҲѰи˫ۣһ֮УȴǳһȵϲΪԺжЩֵĶС˵ļȤ
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˷ȷΪ棬ǲϵƣۣĵҲǿٵĻָţǾ˲٣˴ϲѡ
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ν֮ڣʱš
գ֮䣬һʱȥˣЩҲҾƷ磬ֵֻһ㶯ûС
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£Ʒ뿪ʯʯųȥ˶ѾȺˡ
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Ǻǣҽеġ³Цӭǰ˵ģǰĻᣬرǲμӡ
Ʒһ㶣ʵھ͵𣿡
ǰǿɶϢһˡ³Ц
һˣƷ羪£û뵽ʱ侹Ȼ֮죬ðɣȥ
붼ɣǵɶڵȺء³ЦЦһذӽ˵أλλرأǼ֮һܿĵġ
رˣ
Ǻ棬Ʒ簵˼˻ƺǲ뵽ʲô΢΢ͷû˵ʲô
ᣬǰرһᣬһп˵ʱŻٰ졣
ʱ򣬼еİ˶μӣʹЩʦҲμӣǰΪֵҹ
Ϊڶ֮УѾЩʦˣضѾȥμǻˡ
󲻾ãƷһ˱߳˶
һȴǾˡ
ʱڶ֮⣬֮УĴҫŻ⡣ΪѾ˻ѣ⼸ءڻ֮УԿԶһӰϲõĻ֮֡
ǰӭ˵顣


219 ֮
ǰһټĿյأϡ
Χվ˰ˣڿյص룬дѣЩ׳İ˱ֱӴӻ̤˹ȥ
ᣬȻƼ򵥣ȴѰζԳԵЩζĿ⣬ǿԺȵصƣִֻп˵ʱлаɡ
ңҶǹƽģʲôۣҶֻͬȵΧԺͬĶ
͵µһ£ȴǼΪƵȺ֮УȫǱ˸һ㡣ǰ͵»ƷǹĹϵذ͵Ļᶼûˡ
ʱڱ³Ĵ֮£Ʒ⴦Ϊֵĵط˲㱻ʱȾЩȺ˾Ѫڵĸо
Ʒ磬㿴ЩʲôһָЩ̤ڻŵһˡ
ȻӣһΣҲϷƷصԼԭо;пЩȴҪǿˣΪǶֱӿٵĳȥģ̤ȥġֲҪֻҪʵϾǻеȶȿɲѰ˵ܳܡ
³ȴЦǺǣЦˣⲻϷΪӭ˵һʽǰ顣
ʽ
˵˳棬û뵽徹ַʽȥӭˡ
߰ɣǿɶŶ³Ц
ԣƷǸж˵嶼Ұս壬һʵǽȻ෴ΪǶκ嶼Ҫÿ͡
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ȻһۻƬͬĻ
һ׸裬Ȼûж˵ɣҲǺ룬ȴ˾úǸ֮Уĸܵ飬ҲԸоϡ
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ʱƷŰֱڵأԣλϿݵİˡ
Ʒһ۱ע⵽ǿݰˣȻǰ˿ԵúͨƷȴȫ͸ǰ˵ʵ˵ݾǷͬѰ
ңϰ˾ǸƷϤĸоһžƣȫںһУѵĸоͨ
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ʱվλѵõһλᣬһĻɣǵȥӭЩԶĿˡ
䣬ǼҵĻ֮ʮλֱӴȺг˹̤ǻѣ֮ߣఫڻӶֽŻţȻȴԵΪĻһЩĶƷЦ
Ʒǿþˣڽһڵ赸֮УҲƺ趯
Ʒ磬ǵ赸ʵ̫ˡȿĵЦ
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ĵͷƷĿ⣬ƺ綼ֻдƷһ㣬һС
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Ʒйɵſ֣ȵƺڽƷζһ㣬Ʒÿһ˵ˮһ㣬趯Ķֱδţֱ̾
̫ˣҲǿÿһԵȫĥ͸һĳ֡
˵ĿⶼѾȫ˵ÿһĶ֮УҲ赸š
ָоǺȵĸоѾȫĸƷߣ벻ԼΪλôĶ
ÿһˣ˵ֶûзе߸ڽšȴһУ趯֮С
һ裬죬赸ڽˡҲһʧɫⳡ赸ʵ̫ˣȥǸжá
Ʒֱſȣº͵ЦǺǣ赸ֻͦġ
ɫһ죬ҸЦˡ
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ʱһֱ֮ɫİ¬¶˲֮ɫЦˡ


220 似
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ǺǣЦˡƷ΢΢һЦ
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ʱ³վǰλᣬǰһҲչʾǵķɰɡʵһ֣ڳ֮ˣԿѡֽսգǰǲʹκεʿɶֹһΪˡ
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ȶ󾪣ͻȻһ㷴ӦûУǿȭͷ˲ػ֮С
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ȶؿһʹ׼˵ʱҲ֪ǲãһȭǸպû˿ϡ
Ȼ䣬˵Ӷǿһ£Զ˳ȥȥԵıȶ˵ľҪȿԶЩ
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221 ʼ֮ս
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ΪͬĶ֣սضƾУһѵþʵս
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ƷҲǺԭʩ뼼ɵĻڱ³һͳ壬ƷһֵķӦ
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λǶŵ˵˫Ҳ
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֪Ʒ㿪ĻǾҪ˵ģһ£ƷٶҲܶܿġ

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ղű³һɺųǰǿս֮һû뵽ƷƽˣŵǣƷ羹Ȼһ꣬ƿع˲³ĹȨ
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222 ȭ
𺧣ʵ̫ˡ
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ʱ³վմЩҳԵЩǱ
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飡
ǿһζƴ³޷ٵֿסһ棬³ı˳ȥݺݵˤ䵽ʮ׿⡣
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壬һˡ


223 ƾ
һΣǰˣ׵׵İˡ
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УƷص
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˼ɵסˣԭӵգʱ㰲һ˫˫ӽƷ磬벻Ʒ絽ǲɵˣ


224 Լ
ƣڰҲһר
֪һֱͶսģѵƣ֮ʱϣľܹϼСơ
ԣڰУҲԼһƼȻ֮ڴ½вʲô϶µȵģֻҪܹԼľƣѾǡ
Ʒ羹Ȼ˵ԼȰ¬ƻҪӺõľƣڶ̶̵֮ڣ˵һػ
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صУƷ˼һֱߵԼУȴƺûע⵽ĿѾĸ
ͻȻƷͣ˽Ųͷſʵʲô𣿡
̲סʣƷ磬ղŸ¬˵ĻǿЦ𣿡
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ɡ𣿡ǵӡ
Ǻǣûյǲ˵ġƷ΢΢һЦ
һƷǰŵҲٵģ㲻˵ʲôˡ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵ˣε鶼֮Щ˵ȻȥɣпյĻȥ͵кɣϾǵĹ˲ء
һȥ졣ص
ǾûʲôˣҲúЪϢȥɡƷ߽˶У֪ΪΣǾƷֵֹֹĸо˾ﲻڡ
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225 ֮
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Ȼ¬ͷƷ˵ǰ֮أʦҲǲƣ˱õ֮⣬õľƶתƿˡ
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ĻĿĶɵסˣһο¬Ƿһķ


226 ɵ
㵣¬ֵʵ̫ˡ
ϷҪҵ¬ļҪƷϡ
УǾƣÿ˶ֻܺȰ뱭ҲȲһƷܾˡ
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þûгƵĸоˣʵ̫ˡһĸ̾š
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ƷƺЩﲢ̫ȤӣֻǺ࿴˼۶ѣҡͷûһϲġ
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ҪҴЩƷص
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ͼһͷֱȼͷҪЩһûм֧һѵĻƺԵ̫Сˡ
ʲô¬ɵסˡ
ƷЦǷɵ


227 Ҹ
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Ʒ翴¬ǰΪѵӣ̼ôѵССĶѵ˵һʦˣ
¬һͼˣĽе˵𣿡
ǺǣǾͺãҾ˵԰ϵʵѵ첻𡣡ƷֺƵЦ
¬Ʒ磬˵Ҳ㣬ôСϷɲһܹƷ
ǺǣΪ𣬶ҿǷǳŰϵ͡
ðɣϷᾡԣҪ٣¬ʡ
Ʒ˼˻һɣһʱҾҪ٣¾ֻһҲҪ
ߣһҲ̫СϷˡ¬õĵ
Ҳû˵Զ༸ƷЦЦ
ͶһɣԵĻͶЩƸϷ˵Ϸˣܶء¬ƻЦ
áãһģߵʱ͸𼸴ͰƸƷͷ
Ǿô˵ˡ¬һĻϲƾ
һ£ȸˡƷһ񣬼뿪ҡ
Ʒߺ󣬰չʵϣλƷų˿ر𣬺ڴ½ѾҲ˰ɣǱʵ̫ˣһᳬԽңﵽǿľ硣
Ϸ֪ϷӦÿȥһԡ¬˫˸ȵĹâ
һʵľ𣿡
ǿϷԸϷȥһˡ¬ᶨĵ
Ҳãϣһܳɹص

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Ʒ£ã˵˵
˵ͷܸоƷЩ֣һ˱Ʒ˽ȥ˴ӣĬȻ
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ƷЦǺǣʱദӶſνеʧڴȻʧȥвٵֵܣҲӵ˲ٵֵܣϣӶԺԽӵǿ󣬼ʹûҲһ
ԣһȵһӦ˹ʣʲôû㣬Ҫ뿪Ӷ𣿡
˵꣬˶Ʒ磬һȻദǶӶǾԲܹȱƷĴڵġ
ƷʵҲǲᣬֻܺΣ̾û˵Ҫ뿪Ӷţֻʱ뿪ӶŶѣҲܲҵıӻ֮£ý̵ҲˣϣԼܹϵȥھԼǱϵȥǿֻÿ˶ǿˣӶŲŻǿ
Ҳȴе˫Ứ޺޵ĶƷ硣
Ʒſ˸еӣ۲ѣɫȻҲףһгԼĸĸҲ֪ڵˣҲòʱ뿪ҲҪϵȥǿҲȥսʤҵĳˡǷģҲûжǣһġ
أȿʡ
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ģһġƷرſȣſ˵ҲڵʱϣܹúñȡУԴһУӶֳĶСҲ˵۹ע⣬Եλȥݽ֮󣬾ʱҪôˣҸȵĵطס£úǵʵǿٳ֪𣿡
ԣ˵˵ͷȻвƷȥˣƷҲ˵ԾûȥȰƷˡ
Ʒ˵ӶԺͽɽֵ˹ֵܴҪĻҪͨؿſɼ롣Ϊ˰ȫһὫɭæڵĻ»˳Щ
İɣǻúôġ˵
ڣƷ粻˿һŵһ˸⻹Ʒ׵뿪Ӷ
ˣҶȥϢɣӦùһҾҪ뿪ˡƷ˵
˵꣬һȻҲֻεȥˡ
ȻǼΪıƷĻС
Ʒһָſ˳ĳɵϣȥϢˡ
ƵĽͻȻ̧ͷ˫۽Ʒ磬ƺʲôһ㣬һҧҺú𣿡
Ʒһ㶣ͨ죬ؿǴ˸һ㣬ͣ˿ʮˣǵһŮ˵ҪԼ˯һ
ȿƷƺԵΪѵӣʵѵܲԸ𣿡
ҡô᲻Ը⡣ƷǺˡ
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˫һ˲㴫˴ĸоƷ羪õɴ˫ָۣоǴδйġڣȻһ͵˫ս˿ȵӣƻͷһ˿˿ȵıݣڱ̰ܶſȵͷ
ȽһӱȥƺһУȫŨŨҸ֮С
ƷԽǳ嶯ڵʤȻ˿ȵӣŲʯ֮ϣѹ˿ȵϣϵȻûͣġ
ҸЦЦƷˮɫݣı硣
ֱ峿Ĺϵʱ˲˹
ȸоЩʹһ̲ѪƷǿϣʣ֪һҸġ
ȻһġƷЦЦͻȻˣʣɲһΡ
ĵͷߺ졣
Ʒϲӣ֮ʱͻȻⲻгĴһ
̼䣬ȫޣƷŭʵ˭
ң³ȥ³ش˹
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ҲǡƷϲЦЦ˵ǵһ
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³ǸˣһƷǰ㴺ӣȤЦСӿа
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Ǻǣ߰ɡ³һЦ֮ʱֲƷǶҵķ˼ۣСӿ治ʵ


228 ɵ֮
ã³Ʒ˰¬ſڡ
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˵һ
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³㳯Ʒ˵ųɡ
лˡƷͷʰ˽ȥǶŹرˡ
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ʱ¬ӣںڣԵЩǱɷ˲ٵĹ
¬һƷ磬ЦǺǵ˹ȥбõЦǺǣ㿴𣿡
Ʒһ㶣϶ټ¶ǾϲЦݣĵûûģʵ̫лˡ
¬Ʒǰ㼤ӣεĵʵֻ߼ѣϷ޷ƷϷǾˡ
޷ԤеĻҪǿ̫ˡƷ羪ϲùǷɵ֮ʱио
ⰲ¬ǵһʦԭеķɵȵĻⰲ¬ķɵȼѾԶԶĳԽˡǷɵȻǷԶԶϳ˵ģҲƷǿķɵ
Ʒϲ̲סеķɵȻ˼£Խϲ
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ǲǻ᲻ǿиɡƷϸĵĴŰ¬ϵǰס
ʲôǿиɣСӾͲ˵㡣¬ûĻص
СУⲻڵİҪˣ˭ƷЦ
İɣ֮ķԲʧģ㾡ܳȫǡ¬е
СĻһأƷʡ
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ƷĬǰԵȴһλĶ֣ڵӿУעڷɵ֮ڣϸСĵɭĺ⡣
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뵽ڴˣ¬Ȼ£ԼûģóǿľżǻĻǿɾΣˡ
¬ҲǱˣеСӣ㲻֪ҪϷ𣿡
ʵ̫ԲˣҸʵ̫רעˣûпƺϾͱˡƷ粻˼Ļص
¬Ʒ˵СӵʵǿϷСˡ
ѡƷͷһЦ
ߣ¬һӵǰγǷɵȴǾŰβ
ɡƷһЦγǷɵǰϧС
¬˿˸е˼ѿİ֮֮̾ǻˡ
ԲĲ֪
˵ˣϷ򲻳ףһϷ䲻𣿡¬ҡҡֵ֣ҪķɵĻæɣ˵Ʒء
ԣƷ˫ϲĵллϣһæ
и
ʲô
Ұ֮ҲðϷһæ
УΧһ
õƷĿ϶¬ƺҲ÷ˣĵˣɣԽԽá
ãƷһб۳ȵĻ档
ħ
¬סˣ̾һǸ


229 
Ҫľǿƺû򣬵ֻһҪľ֮Уʦ꣬¬һ˵ţһûš
Ʒ缫ſһǿŻ¯еϵĬ
ϣָ𣿲ҶһпɲȤŶƷЦ
ʹˣʹܽеĻھе¬˵
Ʒһ㶣һ˼ӡ
¬ʵÿһǱص޵ģֻʹûȫеȫھѡ磬ȫķӺþżĻͬҲܴﵽʥ
ʥأƷ԰¬ĻȤ
¬ЦǺǵĵʥͨҪһǾ顣أһճӤ˵綼ǺİܵģԸһʹߣҲܼʥͬһ˵ʹ߶ǱȽǿԵʹʥȴǺ˱е顣ܺúõĽĻĳɳʥŻӵǿԽ׼
ЩƷʱ˳˼֮СԼϵ𽣿а֮ԭа궼ѾѹˣµĻ˵סǱѹƵĽа顣
뵽ڴˣƷ羹Цˣˣ
ʲôˣ¬ʡ
Ʒ˷ܣó𽣣ݹ˰¬ϣ鷳㿴ѽΣ
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Ҹоʹ⽣⽣ҡƷ˵
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Ʒ粻ɽ𽣽УǰϧĸţİɣһΪѵġ
ǺǣϷ۹ɲܰ쵽ġ¬΢΢һЦ
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¬һ죬Щ˼ˣԵòͷĵˣϷϲľЩƤĻ㻹ҪķɵĻͿæɡ
Ʒ˵ͷ˹Ļ棬Ű¬
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˶Ǹҵ𣿡ƷͻȻʡ
ǺǣֻϷȤϷиرĹ񱣬ϷһҪʺϵϣȻǱˣЩɵΪ죬Ͷȥɡ¬Ц
ҾͲˡƷЦеĽеķɵС
ռ䣡
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ǺǣϧѾˣڲǱӵ˶ѡƷһЦ
Ǳ˲úôڼ˵𣿡¬ȤζЦ
Ʒһ㶣Цԭô˽ҡ
ߣô˽𣿡¬Ʒ磬ʵһﻹûв˽
УرġƷ統Ȼװ¬˼һµľƺӡ
̼䣬һŨŨľɢ˳˲֮У¬ɾ㣬㱻ˣʣ⵽ʲôƣôô㣿
ǧ㣬ϷģһҪˣƵʱرġƷЦ
һġ¬ϲĽӹǾƺӣ±ĺһڣһů˲ͨȫ̲סһ̾þƣ̫ľˣϷĸоǾе磬ĺʹ죡
ǺǣϲĻ´һ
СϷѧˣ¬Ц
ӦõġƷЦЦͻȻˣϣûʲôرµĻҵ뿪ˣΪǶ뿪ˡ
ô죿¬һ
Ѿȥ˺ЩˣܲһֱϲҪҰæ𣿲˵˵Ʒ˵
ˡ¬ӦĵϷɡ
áƷӦ
漴¬ߵһ֮УǶ͹ʯ顣
Ʒһ㶣ûĻЩʯӦЩڡ
Ȼ¬˫йɵЩ͹ÿһʯ鰴ȥʱ
ͻȻһһƬ̳
ǶоֳһںڵĶڣ棬Կӳ·
¬Ʒǰ㾪ȵɫ˵ȥɣĶŶ˵ǷǳȤġ
Ʒһ㶣ʵȴ¬ѾǶ̤˽ȥ
֮£ƷֻŲӣ̤Ķ֮С


230 ս
ĵصãһֲָĶУоƺʲôûС
ƷеľǣⶴڵĹǳƷǿľҲ޷֪̽ڰ硣˾ľǣǳһɼΪµϢƷоѹ
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¬ƺǶЩʲôһɫĹ̼֮С
Ʒ羪һ£һ˲䣬Ʒ㿴ڶһΪ۵Ķ
һɫףڿգԵƽ棬ǹǿµϢǴɢ
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ǿʥ𣿡Ʒ羪ʡ
¬ҡҡͷ¶һɫ˵׼սףϷΪƷҲϷ۷֮
׼Ʒ
һ˵׼Է˵ʵ޷ģ׼ҲãҪľ鱾Ľܵ
û뵽֮У¬һ㶼٣¬ȷʵʵ
¬ȴε̾Ϣһϧˣ׼е黹ûϷҲû취ѹڶһƷʥѡ
Ұ㣿Ʒʡ
ûҲֻܰϷѳ˯顣¬Ļص
Ĳ֪ôϾǿ׼Ʒɫ
ϷһǸʺϵѡ¬һɫ
ң
¬˵ͷ˫սףе飬ǷǳģҪĻֻܵõϿɡ
ĲУ밫ҸʺϣƷ缱ȻܿõսףҲ֪Լʵ
ǺǣӦˡ¬һЦĵõϿɣǱϵʵȡڱߵǱСЩ飬κﶼҪѡ˵ʱصľ˵ǱǲŻõĿܡȻǰߵƷҲѡ֮һʵȻԶ㣬Ϸ涼Ҫ󣬶ҽȵĿռܴ˵Ի飬õϿɡ
Ҫĳɹˣ׼Ʒ˵
֪ϷһֱԸǾϷϣܹʵϷһֱ룬ֻǵһƷĻԶ˭Ҳ޷ֹ飬˭ܵõ˭ˣϷ㣬ܵõĻһúġ¬Цսװ¬ɲǻ˶ٵ˼ǶԴԼĶŮһ㡣
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ģƷ罫ֻĴ˹ȥ
ݵģָһһѪɫѪҺսС
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Ʒɫ䣬ڵ֮УͽȻһǿ֮Ļ嶼ȫĳ˽ȥһ㣬ԺʱһƬհס
ƺȥһ㣬ƷƮ޾ĺڰ֮С
һֱƮһֱƮûй̶ķûνʱռľ룬ʧãã֮УƷƮһδ֪ĵط
Ҳ֪˶ãƺǿ쵽˺ڰľͷƷ羪ȵĿǺڰ֮УһɫĹţŹĶ䶯ţڵһ
Ʒ翵꣬ƮɫĹ֮У±оɫ̺һǿ
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͵ģɫ֮Уһſֲ֮ǿڵһıը˿ֱӽƷ˽ȥ
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ͬˣƷеϲľǣԼͨĽˣǱǹǿ˽ĻƷڱոˡ
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ʵ֮У¬ǱǰһĻ׵ľסˣȴּĿЦˣĳˣıˣ׼Ҫˣ
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һҲˣѾʮľƹݣ֪֮ɫĿʵ򵥣Ա֮ġ
ˣҲƷСˣ˰ʱ䣬С˸Ʒɳ˲٣ƷʵȴǺܿϧûеõͻơ
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˵̨꣬ϱžžһǽңƷ缴нһٸңֻҪסһ죬Ҫõķ񡣡
УУԻúдǵģϲĵϽЩңһֵԵȣΪ鿴䣬һǰõģ
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Ʒ粻üͷһ壬ʨƺԵò̫ƣΪ߹ķƷǵߡ


233 ˸
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ڣǷѵľһ
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ƷľǿޱȣѾﵽʥ򶥼ˮ׼ɾƹеһУƿС


234 ͨɱ
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ڣƷʧ˵С֪ĿͻȻʧĻǿǷǳΣյġ
ͻȻһ𣺡ܺã˭Ҳ뿪
һλһһͷһѾԼĲϣű㴫ƷǱ˼ˣҿһֱߡ
ݵһ
Ǻ˾ֵĵɴ˫ۣ㿴ԼƺԼԽԽԶ
ͨ
һŽѪͷ­㾪Ǻ˵ӳȥ
ӭѪ꣬ƷͻȻаĳ
ɱ
˵ĺ˶סˣƷĳ䷽򣬻еĽâΧƷɱ˹ȥ
ۼ֮˾ҪһƷͻȻһĨЦͻȻһ࣬׼Щ˵ӷ϶֮伱ٵ˹ȥὣһض

һҽУһλ˱Ʒһضӣ˴ƬѪ
ʲô
һȥȴǾķ֣Ʒֹʧˡ
գۣƷӰֹλ˵ǶҴˣΪԵǿԶ񣡡
УλƷѡеĺǾֵתͬʱһתŭն˹ȥ

죬λ˽Ȼ־ı˫ĿƺǼΪµĶһ㣬ΪǶԼеĳƷһնˣһϬĽ⣬ȴӭؿб˹
̫ˣ㲻ȥˣ
ݣ
һƿ֮죬λ˵ǰƿһ޴̵ѪڣĿĵ˵ϡ
̫ǿˣ̫ˣ
˵ȥɱƷ磬Ʒζȫϣգۼ䣬λ־ͱƷ׵Ļɱˡ
ţƷӰٴֳɫƮǰɫĳݣЩʣµĺ˺ݺݵ˵˵ˣǶ뿪
ٷϻұţһɱȥͷ˴ŭһ
£Щ˱Ļ賤Ʒɱ˹һĽâϮ˹ȥ
Ʒмὣһɨ
䣡
һ죬¥ˣΧǽ壬λֵһȻƷһˡ
ֳĶʵ̫ˣ¥еˣŵÿֻ¥¶ӣɾƹеһγ˴Ļҡ
Сӣɣ
Ȼ䣬ЩڵĳƷɱ˹ȥȫѾںˡ
˵ǶѾûѡˣΪԵĵʵ̫ǿˡ
ǿƣƷ˼ûУŭЩĺˣĻӳĽŰ

һƬҽ֮𣬷ɽѪ꣬Щ˻ûɱĿ꣬㱻εĽ˺ӡ
ͨͨ
һӰѪ֮УҲ̶á
ͻȻһӰٵķӣͷˣȴѾȥۣļȥ
ӣô𣿡Ʒɫһսе𽣡
ܿ죬ͷѾ嵽űߣƷҲ׼ˡ
ͻȻſ֮⣬һɫ
Ǻ˴󾪣δӦУһϹĳӭͷȥ
ݣ
ɫâ֮£Ǻ˵ֱӱΪ룬ű¶ϲѪŭİ䡣


235 ȿ
ΧѾǽһƬǲҲ̶õһЩʬ壬ͳƷŭʵ⵽ô£
ô£ЩҲƶѣǷǾƹе飬ӦŶ԰ɡƷ䵭Ļص
ߣҿǳŰɡ
ңҺûаɡƷص
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ƷͻȻһųֱǰֱ˹ȥ
ʲô
ɫ䣬±սǿҵϹ⡣
ˣΪƷĿ㲻ǰ䡣
ڼǰʱƷͻȻһƫ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬾ڰһǿҵâ
䣡
һ죬ըһƬĩƷһ㽫âݻˡ
һ£
һɫӰٵһߣȻֳһλӡ
俴֮ɫһŷӦԭղƷԼһзǽʼɱ֣԰ʵǾ޷һ͵Ϯжȥġ
лл쳯Ʒ
Ʒ絭Ӧİӣʵǵ˭
½һɱ֯ˣ˵ˣҪ
ƾ㣿Ʒ粻мĻص
ûƾɱĽӻص
죿ж죿ƷȤζһЦ
Ա֪ս˳ɢһޱȵɱ
Ʒɫһޱޱͷ㵵İ䣬˵㻹ÿɣʧһӱ⳥㣡
һ㶣ǿµǼɱ֣֪֣ƷҲŵ⳥Լ˵ű߽š
ʱɾƹе˶ˣΪ˷ֹķƹ˶Ѿܵ棬ѾˣϾ¥ֳĶʵ̫ˣǽڶѾˣÿĶ
ƷɣͻȻƷʡ
⻰Ʒ絹ûþȣȴǾסˣƷħŵѴ½ˡУƷѾڼ壬ȻʧˣҲ˵ѾһЩǿ߸ɱˣû뵽Ʒ硣
Ʒ΢΢һЦѸôˣ⻰ʵû˼𣿡
еĻҪӳ
£ҵ뿴Ľж죡Ʒĺ𽣡
ģʧģӾĳסҵ֣ҽйȣ
ȣ˼ǾͿ㵽жȡƷǱ߹һĨЦ⣬˵۸㣬ȳְɣ
һһŭƷҲʵ̫˰ɣ˵ԼҲǼɱΪµɱ֣ƷҲͬʵߣƷ羹СԼŭҪСˣ
˵꣬ǹȱ֮һ㣬͵һ±㳯Ʒ˹ȥ
죡ȷʵܿ죡
ǹһӾ͵ƷǰֻһâϬĽѾƷ֮С
Сģ侪ɤӣΪƷûǲѰ·
Ͼһʵ̫ˣǰ䶼Լ޷סһοֶ֮̾¡
ۼһҪĿʱһģĽӰƷ֮ǰ
պãһıϬĽ档

ȵһֹסˣһⲨһƬ硣
ΪԼȫûлĿ꣬һƷǰĽСµľǣһǿҳ֮£Ʒ羹һ㷴ӦûУȵֱֻۿɶˡ
һ£ȵ˳ףһ˫𾪵ȴһֱû뿪Ʒ硣
ռϿ֪Ʒǿǽʼʵѣֻ֮ǰϢܲڶ̶̼µʱƷʵǵôɡ
¥£һĻˣȻ䣬ϾӹǼٵһУڳܵСƷȴ赭дĵסˣûκλεĶҲûѤĶѾԶԶǽʼǿİɡ
ŵľǣƷһͷİɫ֮⣬Ʒȫȫľһλഺ껪е䣬ôܻӵ˿µʵ
ʱƷķ𽣣ŹȱĵʣĽ𣿡
һ㶣оĪ裬ŭһλһӰĽ⣬ֳ˳ȥ
һΣȱû湥ǼٵƷܱС
ٶȣԽԽ죬ѾȵӰˣֻܿǵϹγһ֮ߣһһƷתȴٳûлĿꡣ
Իɱ֯һָ߾׷ıǳٵٶȣԹȵȥԻ֣ڶԷ⧲֮³֣һ
ȣ֮ԽйȣǱǼɱйȵġ
ϧ˵ĻƷٶͨʥǿһˡ
ңƷ糬ǿľǹȵٶһƷҲܹȻסȵ켣
ɣƷɴ㼫еվӲǱ˫ۣƺѾһ㣬Ե˵ĵ
˿Ļ֮ȴǼɵˣ䶼׵ľסˣƷ˾ٶȥûʲô
ǣڳ֮еĹȴǳٳδ֣ƷֵѾη塣
ΪʲôΪʲôܱ򶨣ѵаնԸ
ȿʼԥˣǽµٶȣȴԽԽ졣Ѿ쳬Խ˼ޡ
ڣǹⶼˣֻ΢΢˸еķ紵Х֮
ٶڴﵽ֮󣬵һʱʱٶȷǹҲ˷ѵ˺õĻᡣ
ͻһ£ĳ̼䣬ƷһĹǾһϬĳһ磬ԽռֱȡƷıء
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һһٶѾȫе˺ˡ
ݵһ
ǳǴ̹ȥˣȴȫȫ˿ա
ʲô
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һ̣Ʒ羹ǲ֪ʱֵǹȵ˵ĺʧٶȻóһȣֱ
ݵһƷı˹ȵıش
һ
˲ᴩֱӴӹȵǰ˳һƬѪ
ȿйϵӿѪǾ֣ɴ˫ۣһ˫ѾȻնˡ
Ʒһһγ˱㵹ȥ
ֲʵֲ̫ˣ˶úϲ£죬ǹͻϮƷ硣ת֮䣬ȷƷУһľǣȵĹٻܿЩƷǹڳ֮ˣһܿоȫ޷ĥ͸


236 ǧ
ߣ˷ҵʱ䡣Ʒһ𽣡
η壬澲ϢƷչֳʵѾסˡ
ЩУ뵽֮ǰȻƷ磬Ȼ£û̬Ĺ
Ҳɵסˣ벻ƷʵеĻҪ¡
תƷ㳯еİ˵ˣûˣһ⳥ʧ
һĻصˡ
ȷʵҶ𣬸⳥Ļǵ⳥Ʒ˵ţϱϾʣоɣ
桭ĲˣҪǸղûĻҿ¶ûˣǻɡһΪѵӡ
Ʒҡҡͷֱӱ㽫еϾ˹ȥ˵ˣȥɣѾĨȥ˿ʶֱʹá⿨ĽұҲˣǸСС⳥ܿ԰ɡƷ絭
һ㶣˵ͷŽϾʶ
ⲻ֪ȴǾסˣ⡭滹ʮң⡭ôԣ̫ˣҾԲܹܣ
Ǯ֮ѾںˡƷص
һ㶣ĵͷͻȻ۹һǺðɣҾˣԺҲɾƹݵϰˣԺ׬ǮһͬΣ
ɡƷ絭ĵͷⷽߡ
һʵȥģ
ҲľƹݡƷͷ
ܸùһ˵ɡ˵̶̵һЩӦʱ˰ɣ
ƷѰ˼˻ЦǺðɣҪ鷳һ䷿ˡ
СУû⡣ϲЦ㼱ŸƷ簲µķˣƺЩˡ
Ʒ粻ŵֱ£Ȼòдһķ飬ƷǲȤ
ԣƷֻεȥһֱرŰĿ⡣
һĪľҲʱĽˣƷѾɾƹӮţһ¿ûҪȥƷˡ
ȺȴǾþδɢ޲ƷˡϾղƷǹȵ̸ûǰλɫĿɫǴ½ʢƷ硣

峿
ĶǵһĻɾƹȻ̸֣۵Ļⶼǹʵǿλɫǿˡ
ƷԭڵǼ󷿿ǻˣЩҲ̶õʬѪ˰һ˼
Ʒ粻ɾƹݣµƹݴС
ԭǳֵľƹݣƷһֵʱƹݴ㰲ͷƷһۡ
ÿ硣䳯ƷһЦ
ǰƷ΢΢ͷ˵ҵˡ
Ҫô졣һ㶣ԵĻ༸죬ҡĲ£
Ʒ⻰񣬼ˣһҪˣлĻҲһġ
ǡǺðɡԵЩʧͻȻʣˣǸСأôˣ
Ʒһ㶣εЦǺǣ͵͵ܳȥ˰ɡ
ŶҾ˵˵ͷ˫ȴһֱƷ粻š
Ʒˣҡˣ
ȵȣ
份ȴ֪ƷѾˡ
һѵôʵ˵ﻹǴأĵ
ƹе˶ɵˣͷϣ㳯ЩʲôСǵӣ
ŵһ亹ηĴͷֹš
ʱƷѾߵ˴ϡ
ܵÿ죬Ůҿܲ𰡡Ʒ簵
Ʒȥʱ򣬷Χ˵۹ⶼ˹ԼҴ֮УԸоЩη塣
أ֮¶ѾˣϾƷһͷɫĳʵ̫ҫˡ
ƷɲЩ󷽵Ųӣǰߡ
Сӣߣһ³ͻȻƷ
Ʒһ㶣Ҳ㵵ѭͷȥ
䲻Զ˼޴Ӱ
ӭͷģһλ޴ǿ׳ˣͨëҪһһħأԱߵأֱиʨ뻢ˣʨ˾λʨˣ󣬻ЩСආ
ʨڵӣѰˡ
ΧĿ֮󣬲޸еη壬һͬ飬϶ʨ˹ȥҰ֣ûķɣλİɲʲôǵġ
Ʒ籾ǲЩ˼ƽϵģͻȻ䷢֣Ⱥ֮УǷռλӡɴ࣬Ʒ㲻ˣȤЩ߹
Щ˿һģҲһرӶţʵ߱BӶŵʵرΪ޴ˣѾнʼ׵ʵˡ
ʱһȺ˱ŭΧ˹ΧҲǼ˿ϷȺָָ㡣Ȼ÷зﻹ˲ûۿ֮£񿴵Ʒͷеر֮⣬ƺûʲôرôǿֵûɡ
ãھͿ֤Ʒʵˡ
СӣһƷĽ
˼ûʸ񡣡Ʒ粻мĻص
ʲôŭ˫ĿСӣ۸ҵ֣ڻţǲ
룬ûƷ粻ĵ
ãСӣסүҽܰͣ˽е
£ʲôƷе
˼ֱˣԱߵʨͼӴ׵ĵųҶ˵ˣСرţھ㶼ˣ
ܺãȥˣܰ˫Ʒ硣
͵ģܰ;̤ųصĲӣŵ棬Ұһ㣬ͳ
Ʒ˫Ųӣγһֵƣͷʲôǧ
裡
ܰһǰıӳһ޴ȭͷһʯͺƷӡ
˿Ļɶס˺Ʒӣǿȭͷû
ۼǾȭҪƷʱƷͻȻ˹ȥְסܰǴִǯӰһź˫ֱܰ͵ϥϺݾ˹ȥ

ܰһУһʧȥƽ⣬޴صֱǰһ㵹ѹƷ硣
һƷһ²Ѱ·ֹ֮޷뿪ܰǾ޴Ӹѹˡ
ⲻ֪Ʒ羹˸ΪĶӾ˳ܰ͵ȥķӣܰͱ㼫˷ܵǰѹ˹ȥ
ƷͻȻһЦֺݵץܰ͵ǰһܰһӱ˵
һ̣ƷͻȻ˫ţܰ͵ĸ
ݵ󾪵ܰ޴ӾȻֱǰ˳ȥ
һ
͵һ˿ܰͺݺݵˤڵأʹһʱӡ
Ʒվͷǵµزסˣͽǧ


237 ȫŰ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ýʼˣȻһӾͱƷˣʵ̫˸еˡ
Ϣȷʵ٣Ʒʵȷʵǿ
ʨ˵ЩһԼųһӾ͸Ūˣúϲ£죬ʼǲĲƷ鷳
þãܰͼǼѵķӣմȾҳԵЩǱ
ܰͼֱˣƷʵǿԼ֮ǰ˶ѡ
뵽ڴˣܰ͵ƽˣŭһǱصӾһԾһʯĶ׼Ʒȥ
䣡
͵һ˴ƬʯΧȺֶ㡣̳֮УֳһɽһľӰ
أ
ܰһвһɲԤС
ǺǣأƷͻȻܰ͵Ц
ܰʹŭ͵һתûĿ꣬תһֱۺɨȥ
ⲻ֪ƷһǴ׳ֱֱۣͻܰ͵ķߣܰǾ޴Ӽȥգ۱ܰ͵ͷ­֮ǰ
ܰһƷٶʵ̫ˣûȫ׼Ʒе˫ȭѾݺݵĳܰ͵˫ۻ˹ȥ
飡飡
һܰ͵˫ȭðţʹܰ˫˫ˡ
쵰
ܰ˦֣ŭԵСƷ硣
ƷȤһЦ㿴ڲǸ𣡡
ԭܰڰƷȭͷ֮˫ѾĺȦɷǺЦ
ܰͱ裬ŭҲܣսʿ
ǻһܣƷϷһЦ
ȥܰս˫ȭر
͵ģܰ;ǳĽ˫ȭػڵء
һ
ǵ˲ǹɾ֮ѿһ޴ѿڣѿ֮гһƬʯһһ㣬ֱĳϮƷ硣
С
Ʒһ𽣣Щӿʯһɨȥ
飡
һ죬ӿʯԱ˺٣Щɽʯŷ˹ȥһſŵĻܰǾ޴ӡ
ܰͻȻ壬ۻЩʯ͵ĳȥ
գۣƷǰһȭһǿشһҹȥ
Ʒסܰ͵ĶҪɱܰ͵ĻƷһֵķƷûȤ˶ɱˡ
͵ģὣɨԽһһֻȭͷ
飡
ǿǿһһƲʮ׵˲ѡ
ܰ͸еֱֻǿҵһ飬һ㣬һݾǿдԼֱڡȫһ𣬿Ѫ
ţ˱㾪ĿܰǾ޴ֱˡ
ͬǣһƷ粢ûʹκεļɣͬʱͬһ㾳ʵʵȴ֮սǿܰͣһҲǱƷˡ
̫ˣղƷ˺ܰ͵Ļܰ͸ղһֿɾͻˡ
ڣܰͶȫƷĶ֣˾͸˵ˣ֮ǰڽŵʨ˵ȶĬˡ
ʱܰһֱֻۻվȻԵޱȵķŭ
ƷЦǺǣ𣿡
ܰɫһͷЩھеʨǺȵǻ𣿡
ʨǲŷӦ˹һŭ
ȷʵһ򲻹ѵӶŵ˻ԸƷ
ߣҸǵĻᲢûкúȥϧƷɫһϵ𽣡
͵ģ˵ľ֮£Ʒ羹Ǽ˹ȥ
ӭʨˡ
ʨ˱Ʒ͸η壬ƷлŰǾ͸öԸˡ
ǣƾϵƣʨ˻һҧ˫ȭƷͻ˹ȥ
Ʒм˦һӱʨ˵˫ȭ֮䣬Һʨ˵ֱš
ʨʹֱУϽ˫˻
ⲻ֪Ʒ羹ϣ˲ʨ˾޴ǰ˫һţӾǻһļϿմһӡ
һ
ƷҼݺݵײʨ˵䣬ֱӽʨ˵ϣʹһ˳ȥ
ǻ˼ˣ˫Ŀ죬ŭȵһȥ
ɱ
һװĺɱ֮ǻ˾ʮλǿ׳ͳ˹ȥ
ƷһЦҾ棡
͵ģƷڳһ֣ŵ֮ǿľ˵ص֮С
һ
ͻȻҡһ𣬹ľǣǵǲһ㣬¡ڵš
Щʵǳ̫ˣڽµͻ䣬һ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûУҳ̫ˣǾ޴˲ʱʧȥƽ⣬һӰʧȥ˹ԣ循һȻּ˵ƷǰԶ֮һƬǽ塣
ħ
ȺѾǱˣЩҲľ֣û뵽ӵǿƷ羹Ȼӵǿħʵʵ̫˸еˣ
Щ˻Ǽģ趯˫ȭ˹ȥ֮ǰĽѵЩ˱ȽϴˣҲûôˡ
̶̵ľ룬֮£ѾƷǰ
͵ģһǿȭͷĺ˳ȥ
ǰҪƷʱƷǰ˲һǽ
Щһǻȭǽ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ǽǳܲǵǿϹ̼㱬ը˿ɢȥһƬ̳
̳֮УȴʧȥƷӰ
ɫ䣬δӦһϸСӰ˽
飡飡飡
಻٣պÿ˵ͷ֮УƷһȻֻǽûƷµ£ûĲλҲǸոպЩ˾ͷ͡
ѽ
һЩ˾ҡӣѾߵ˷κͨͨ
ƷսС
ǿÿ죡
˵һܵķӦɱСղһĹûоԵԵĽȫ޷һǳɵġ
ֻ˵һ㣬Ʒ߼䶼Ѿӵ˾ԵʵЩ˵ʵȻǿٶȴǸ㣬Ϊ֮ͬУǵٶʵ̫ˣΨһƾսлӵǿı
ܿϧƷ磬ǾĻᶼûС
ڣֻʣܰˡ
ƷһЦǹ̼ܰͣѵЩ˶˰𣿡
Ȼ⻰ܰǳ׵ķŭˣ˫ۺǷ
͵ģܰ;ȫһ㣬̤㹻ĲӣƷȥ
ƷߵóѰһЦ𽣣ſһٵĳȥ
һ̣Ʒ缴ƽܰ͵ʱͻȻһ˹ȥɽƬʯ˹ĳҰʱģˡ
𣡡
ֻһʹĺУģпɼһӰ
Ұ֮ʱ˶ĿڵµܰϾӡһĽģӣһÿɲᡣ
ɵ۵ľǣƷ羹Ȼʧˡ
ãˣȺͻȻһ
ţӰٵ׷ȥ


238 ɽ
ɽ˼壬һ޴Ǻ֮ΣΧֱ﷽ԲһƬӴɽɱСֻһɽѣ˵֮У֮أԻһЩϢ
ҲˣɽκֲﶼһϢõǿɽĴգȻħ޲࣬Щħ޶ҪԶͨħҪǿʥǱɽ棬һЩֲпµĹԡ
ԣûаȫ·ĻҴɽǷǳΣյġҲˣ˶óȻ̤ɽУҪӴ˵ؾĻصöҪһȦӡ
ʱʧƷȴǳһƬľ֮С
ڽɽ֮ǰдƬɭڵ֦ҶïЩľҲҪ쳣ľ޴޷䵽ɭ棬ԵЩڡ澲ĵģЩ磬˲ëȻ
ߣǻҲ׷ƷһѰ롣
Ʒ֪ɽ֮գΪƷ缴ʹΣյĵطҲǻԥѡ롣νյɽҲ뿪ɱ֯İ׷١
Ʒеȵľǣɽƺйδ֪ǿϢԼǿľ޷ӵԶľ롣
һƷ粻òÿһʱ̵Χ򶯾ǲС̤ʥ޵⵽δ֪ĹǿɾѰˡ
߲ãƷͻȻüͷһ壬׷ˣ
ţƷһ֮У̼סԼϵϢ
ںڰУĺɫӰɴ˽λˣӣ
ûƷɾƹλӣû뵽ȻǶ׷ɽʵСӡ
ܵģǴȥģ
ߣƷСӿ϶ܲԶģǼ׷ȥ
ȵȣ⡭ɽǾôȥ𣿡
ǻ
޴ɣϾƷʵɲ򵥣ǶѾôˡ
޴˻֪ʲôʱϹǽ˸˵Ļ޴Ĺǵġ
ǡҲǡ
ϸ̸ţǾɽС
ˣҲɱ֯еǼɱ֣ɱּҲʵΪǿġҪľһֱǺжģϱȽĬֶμ̣ɱ֯Ҳ˲к֮
Ʒڰ˵жƿСƷ緢֣˵ʵԼ£ǺܺöԸϾλʼɱֵ֣ĻʵҪǿϺüɽ̫ľǿɾͲ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ԣΪ˷ֳֹ̫ľƷ粻óȻƷȴˣ˸УΪѾԳ˰ѷķɵ˼ε
к˻֪ԼѳƷΪǸ͸оƷĴڣǷǳΣյġ
кŷḻɱ־飬֪˵ز˱ҽţŴߵĶǷǳĴǷŲľǰߵģҹԵı¶١
ϧƷǱϢʥǿ߶Ҫе֣οǰĶֻǼɱ֡
ԣƷ籣ֵúԣǱڰ͵͵øŲкǶߣѰѵĻᣬͼ͵ϮֻҪȽһˣһ˲Ż֡
Ҳ֪˶ãƷѾ͵͵Ųкɭˣ׼ͿɽˡΧľҲż٣Ǹսɭǰǰ޴
ʱڲΪ֪İ¶һ⣬ƷһЦսеķɵ׼Ҫˡ
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Ʒ簵³ô
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³ǿоƺǱ˸סˣֱŵĸоɹֲ³ɴе֪棬ֻ˵ģ޹أҪӣӾǳͷ
˵ţ³ʾԵıȻеĴ󸫡
ˣƷסˣҵİɣôܹҵ
кҲ¡
죿ʡ
ߣȥС٪壬ȥ˵Ʒкص
ǳͷ㲻
ټ˱סϵϢ³ǽĿΧУΪƷʱ̶пܻ֡
ţ³Ǳ˶סĸоҲʧˣ³˿ս˫ǰֱߡ
Ʒ翴³ȥķкǺԶа⣬һЦǺǣ˼ˣҪ³ֵܰСæˡ
ɣƷڳִӵŪһСʯͷ͵Ųкڵķֱ˹ȥ
һ
СʯͷصĴǿžľϡ
˭³һеĸͷͳ˹ȥ
к˾ӦûŪ⵽ô£о³ڵĳ˹
£˱㼱ٵɢ˿ȥ
飡
һ죬Ǿľ³һ˫Ӹˡ̳Уֳ˱³ǰС׳Ӱ
ڱ³߲Զ֮кֽű³
³һоϲƵǿɱĽŸͷʵ˭
ߣӦ㣬Ǳû㣬ԼкˣҲûĵ
ȥɣһеĳ˲һɫâڵ˺ƿһ̵Ѻۣĳ³ȥ
³һ֪˻˫һ渫ͷǰ
һ
ɫâһ˫ͷסˣɢΪĹ㣬һƬ̳³˺˰벽Ѿסһǿὣâ
ϧ³δȫ׼Ϯһ磬һǿҵɫѾɱڵĲкۡ
һߣҲǸŽճɱ˹
̼䣬γ˼л֮ƣٶȣ³¡ϧľǣ³ֻһˣкȴˣԵĲ࣡


239 
³ɫһȻ塣
͵ģһԾ³ǿӵϿմǸͷŽΪӽĲٵĳȥ
ȥɣ
³һ˫ͷһǿľݺݵĳŲǵͷնȥ
׼֪ڱ³ϸӵͻȻһŲĶ˿ȥ
һ
³նϣһƬʯ̳֮УһɫȴǴӱ³ֱȡ
£³ٵһһŤת϶Ÿͷĺɨ˹ȥ
һͬǱ³ȫһ
Ϊǻ㿪
һΣǾǶ㶼û㣬һЦеĳһǿҵɫâһֱնȥ

һ𣬽⻪֮䣬˲侪ǿƲ˾磬˾Ľţͨ죬Ҳá
ⲻ֪кȴյĴӱ³ûɱ˹
λôסңкЦӻϵĳɱ˹
³ɫ䣬͵ıһǱܰıһǿսݺݵսǸͷǰһơ
һûӦ㱻ǹͻľ˳ȥȴǵóѵһЦϾԼѾΪкȡ㹻Ļɱᡣ
͵ģ³һתҪкƴ
ϧˣΪк۵ٶʵ̫ˣ³תһ̾Ѿƽˡ

³ʵĻеĸͷ֪һҪԼؿڣǲʵӺն˹ȥһٶȻǳԽǸͷӳٶȡ
ۼһҪб³ʱǺڰĿռ֮УһĹǼһ㣬˳
㣬ʵ̫ˣֻһգ۵ĹȥԽ˿ռ䣬˲͵˲к۵ǰ
һ̣ռֹͣ˲кݾһ̡Ȼ֪ƷǶ˰УҲ֪Ʒ罫ԼƳģ벻Ʒʱ͵Ϯ͵Ϯ˹죬иɻ
ԥˣҲͣסˣкھҪջسʱ䶼㹻ˣֻܼű³ؿڴȥȴǱܵһƫϣܽҶܹҪλ
ݣ
һƿ֮죬кˣȫ͹Ʒʵ
ǽ³ؿڽ֮ʱһĹȴѾ˲к۵ӣһ˲к۵Ĳ֮
Σ̣֮к۱ܵӣ
һ
һͷһкȻܹҪǺݺݵĴ˲к۵УһѪеĳ˲ͣˣк۵˳ķ¡
ⲻ֪³һ˫ȴѾɨ˹
ݵһ

кʹ˻һ侹Ǳһ˫ĸӸնˣ˴ƬѪк֣ɴ˫ۣʶȴԽԽģ
кۣ˫ĿĴһǷһ㳯ű³ɱ˹ȥ
³һǸղŲк۵Ĺһ˾޷
³ȴǺܵΪղк۵һƴԵľǰǿڰԼҲƷ籾ˡ
Ȼڲϵһŭն³ϵʱ
ವһ
ڿǼٵһ⣬Ǿһɫ
಻٣պһĽ澹Ǵ˲ϵĽϡ

Ǹеһ飬һľЩеĳ룬ԵȴǱǹƫˡ
ţһӰ˹סɫ
һתƷǱױŲǡ
һȻƷ磡
ǺǣûǲҪ𣿡ƷϷʵһЦ
Ƕ˵ٴսųݺݵıƷն˹ȥ
ϧǳԶδƷϣƷһתǿӲıײڲǵؿϡ
һ
ǰײһܣҡź˼
Ʒɫһƶ׷һתеȴ˳ӵǵǰȥ
Ǿֵĵۿף̫ٶˣǹʽ˵Ĺ죬޷ķ
֮£ǻǻҵĻеĳǿҵɫæֱӽǵƷ綼˽ȥ
ݣ
ֻһȻһбƽˡ
ӶӲסˣԭϻվųȴûնȥؿ֮УȴǲŰɫɫѪؿǰεζ¡
ʲʲôǲŵĵɴ˫ֱۣǰžȵķ֣ƷԤеʵҪǿܶܶࡣ
ƷѾҺܾ˰ɣǸýˡ
ɫһѪҺ֮Цûأ޴ǾԲŹģһģ
ǾͲ˼ˣҲôˣƷɫһݣʹĽ˳
һ
Ѫӿ˿Ʒһӣͽһɾ磬ֱӽЩѪɨ
ͨ
ڵȥȴкһĿλǿǼɱ֣ƷС
³סˣɵɵվԭɫƷǹ°ıӰû뵽Ŷ̶̰ʱ䣬Ʒǿ֮ࡣұ³ǵһμƷʹĽʵ̫죬̫ˣ³ƷĽ³ŲС
ģƷת¶һĨϲЦݣǺǣ³ֵܣˣ
³һ㶣һʱǲ̫ӦƷı仯˿ηĵͷǰ
ޣ˵ˣ˭Ʒɻʡ
³ŷӦæˣοġ
ңƷüͷܾô·ͬСɡ
ǰ³˵ͷЦųడԭһȥӶŵģӶŵݽ֮ϢˡһϢɴˡ
ޣôҵ⣿
ǺǣڿֳôĶһ᲻֪Ըһɽ棬ұ׷˹ȥû뵽ȻЩˡ³΢΢һЦ
Щɱ֯ˣҪġƷɫһ
ɱ֯³һǵĵɱ֯ɲ򵥣ҪСˣҪǰɣڵĻɱ֯еҲ˷
ˡƷҡҡͷű³ʵˣΪ£
³˵ͷӻó˸ɫĲӣݹƷ磬Ǹġ
ʲôƷһӵ֣ǺĴ˿
һֵƣưСΪ֮ɫǶһͼоЩϤȴһʱ˵ɱСģᣬƺ̺һɹƷǿľ޷ȥ
Ʒ羪סˣ̧ͷʵʲô
³ĵ


240 ɱ
ʲôƷһŪϵơ
Ҳ̫³ҡҡͷֵʹˣ˵ɲֹһ
ֹһƷɻ
ȷʵ˵еÿжӵԼػÿһ䶼ԼͼڣҲ൱ÿе³͵
Ʒ翪ʼЩˡ
û³˵ĵλͣڱ塣
壡Ʒ羪£ƺ뵽ʲôʣⶫǵôֵģ
ⶫĻ棬Ϊʯҵ˷ⶫܱԱ㽻ҡҾⶫΣȥ֪ˣȴ벻ףΪҪĶ
ѹˡƷȻ˹ԭǰսʿذ͵µĻԭ治СĲ˸ЩսʿᵽϢŹġ
³Ʒһ˼ӣΪ֪ʲôʣųôˣѵ֪ԭ𣿡
ûУֻͻȻһЩ¶ѡƷ絭һЦʣˣΪҪⶫң
Ըġ³˵̶ӵģǰ岢޸棬õⶫĻ˵ᣬԱ㽫ⶫųܵĻͻɣϾⶫӰ쵽ͳθ֡
Ǻǣû⡣Ʒ΢΢һЦ㽫
³һ㶣ʵôӦˣ㲻»鷳𣿡
ϣ鷳ҡƷ¶һĨЦ⡣
˿֣ѹͰ¬˵һȫ޷͸ˡ³ЦЦ
ƷЦЦͻȻɫ䣬ߣ
³һûӦ㱻Ʒżٳȥ
ʲôˣ³˳ƷĽŲǰ塣
ٸͣжܶ죡Ʒе
³Ʒ˾ӣ֪ԲǿЦ飬Ʒƴӡ
ʱƷԭڵĵطһɫӰ˳
һλӣŵ۵ĵ̣ɫ͸¶һɿµɱ󱳸һѷĳ
ʱ۵µʬ壬Ʒȥķߵͦģӵ𣿡
˵꣬ӾǻһɫĹâںڿȥһɫߣٶȼޱȡ
⣡ûʥ򼶵ǿߣ
Ʒӵ
ٶȣƷϵͨʥǿߵĻ˵ߣĿɲͨʥǿߣҪľı³ԾǸϡ
Ʒ缱ˣȥĻӲˡ
£ƷͻȻһת϶ټԳ𸮣³ֵܣʱίˣ
³һ㶣ûȫӦֻƷһӹͽȻ㾪һǿ֮˱㱻뵽һδ֪ĿռС
Ʒû˸µٶͽȻ죬Ʒȴûֱɽ϶ߣɽΧмߡ
֪ɭߵĻɽҪöˣϾɽϵĻΪױ¶ɭеĻֻҪƷѳһķΧסϵϢɱҲҲƷ硣
ڣƷϢȴѾסһʱ仹޷뿪ֻܽ߾ȫʩչٶȣïܴ޹Ĵܡ
ʱĸƷĲԶȴľȻѾסƷϢȴһֱһľ룬׷ȥ
ռϿ֪Ʒֻнʼʵѣȫϵħȴһ㣬ǾƷٶȣѾʥǿˡ
ߣô𣿡ͻȻɫһ׼Ʒķ򣬺ὣһİɫ⻡
˵âĻǿɱȱٶȻҪϺüˡ
ݣ
һƿ֮죬ǿµâǽضһſŵľ֮ƣٵıϮƷӡ
磬Ʒһ㵣ȴӭһľ硣͵ıһ̤һϣ˼ٵķ˳ȥ
飡
һ죬âȻûϮƷ磬ȴ˽ʮŵľƷ翴֮󶼲ɰ˰亹ʥǿߵĹ֮Ĳġ
ȴ־סˣû뵽ԼȫһȻƷôɵľͶȥˣȫϡ
͵ģͽȻһ٣ֱߵķ򣬺ս׺նǰסľһϰɨֱƷ硣
Ʒɫ䣬ѲɱѾˣ
֮£ƷֱֻżӿٶȣȻṦĳٶȺܿ죬ʥǿߵֱʹöУٶȿɱṦҪǿˣҪ֮ǰƷ籾˵룬Ȼ綼ɱָ׷ˡ
ǣٶҪȥĻƷƱؾҪɱָ׷ˡ
ô죿ƷнħĻʩչʱ㹻ҲûпԶԸʥǿߵħ
ΨһƣǾƷǿľ
ûǾ
£ƷչǿȻƣƷ绹ܹӵΧٵķΧ
漴Ʒһ߼ٳţһɨΧĵΣѰſ֮
ͻȻƷ羹ǷһȤĵط
ǾǣڶϷķ֮ƷоһǿϢǹϢǿĻѾ߱ʥǿʵҲǸطӦþʥ޵ˡ
ǺǣﻹʥޡƷհһЦ
ͽȻƷͻȻı˳е·ߣٵת˸䣬պӵҲķ
Сӵڸʲôһ㶣ƷѡȥĻԼֱӴҲķֱӰȥĻǱԸֱײƷ磬ӸͲƷľٶΪʲôҪ
Ѿݲ˼ӽԥ˻ҲŸı·ߣٵĴҲķȥ
û취ƷȻʵԶδ֪ɱ֣ȴԶԶǿɱ֣ɱָ޷ξвǰʥ޵
ƷĻʵðգٶϴﲻĻǻûɱָʥУԼȴѾ׷ˡ
뵽ڴˣƷ˫ĿҫѪɫĹâڵѪҺȼһ㣬ĿͻȻһҫ۵ĺǿұ
û뵽Ʒ羹ǽһЩħ
͵ģٶȾͽȻ
һ£Ʒӵһļٳȥ
ʲôСӵٶôֱǿˣѼֱ˲١
ǣӾȫĿƷϣȴֱӽΧһиˡ
û취Ʒٶô죬ӲòȫסƷ磬ҪȻ͸ˡ


241 ̵
ಣಣ
˵ٶһ⣬ɳпӰмٵ׷š
ۼӾҪ׷Ʒʱ
ͻȻƷϣҫһǿҵĻ⡣
ʲôһһֱӸն˹ȥ
ݵһ
һɫâ˺˹ȥ
⣡ƷһЦ΢΢һƫӣպöܹһâ
䣡
Ƭľľ̼ɫâдݻˡ
Ʒһߣ۳һȵĻţǰһƬ֣һɣ
͵ģƷеĻһ˳ȥȻ˴ƬһϮ֮С
̼䣬ȼ䣬гһޱȵϢ
Ʒͷ棬㻹أ
˵꣬Ʒ羹ǳǹ֮С
Сӣܵ𣡡࣬ճųǹɻ֮С
ǣӲųãһֲĺ֮㾪
һ
ͽȻ޾ˣֱӽܴ˻ȥ
һⱩǣֵסһɵһ
Ʒȴǳһ̣Գ𸮣˱У𸮱ֱ˵֮УĻϰĴС
ƷɾԵţУе˷ԼҲ޷𸮣Ͼǿһռ䣬ߵĻôﵽԴݻٿռ
ʱѾסһ
ͻȻ䣬Ƿ֣ǺڰУһ޴ӰͻȻ˹ٶȼޱȡ
ɫ䣬͵һӡ
һ
һӰǵطһƬ̳ǵӰĿ˳
һֻ޻ͬǾ޻ϳжԾ޴ĺɫͨҲں֮ɫӴ쳤ɢһǿµϢ
ǲͨħޣһʥޣ컢
컢ӵǿ֮ٶȼ죬иǿļܣǾɣκʣ
࣡Ѿ˱ˣ컢עӡ
Ӳ컢ֳʲôìܣʾðĵãɱ֯еޡ
ӾˣϾɱ֯ڴ½пǷǳġ
ⲻ֪컢Ʋ֪ĵĵɱ֯û
ɫһȻɱ֪֪֯컢ǸսõģΪ˼ٲҪ鷳޻ǿĵɱ֯Ҳǿߡ˴ֻΪ׷һˡû뵽˾ǽƻޱȣóȻҲò̤˵ֻһѡ
᣿컢ɫһ䣬ҿвɣ
ɫһ䣬ѾоƷϢˣ㲻컢£Ȳͣɱٸ
˵ֱ꣬ӷԾ컢ͷϿմȥ
ϧ޻ճȥһӰ˲䵲ס޵ȥ·
ɫһսʣʲô˼
ߣô׾ô𣿡컢ŭĶޡ
νǳţ»컢սʥ޲ãȻ޵в
ص㲻ҵĶ֣Ҳ˷ʱ䣬õ
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û뵽ֻ쾹һ󣬹ǵĴС
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컢һ㶣δӦޱѾ
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ݣ
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컢һû뵽޵ƾ׺ջ˾죬ž޴˦ײ˹ȥ
׳գ
ޱһЦڽӽ컢֮ʱͻȻ˸λλû컢յʱӵ컢ࡣ
ݵһ
һѪգ컢󱳲ྐྵ޸˺ѿһѪڣ컢ʹĺһ˳ʮס
սڿգݺݵв˵һΣĻͱ˷ҵʱ䣡
쵰ûأ컢ŭˣ˲ϵƣֱ˹ȥ
ԲһǶĳҫǿҵɫâ
һʥ򼶵ļҽ棬ֿʼˡ
ȻʱƷ³ȴе档
ų⡭⵽ʲôط³ʡ
ǺǣҵĿռСƷֻô͡
ռôܣ³סˣȻѲɣǿռ
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ǣ³֮ȴǾúϲ£죬ֱʿˮŵѾ˵ˡ
ռǿǴ˵еؾǴ½еκһλǿߣ϶ûпռĴڡ
֪ռĵҪľǿռԣڴ½ʷ֮УûдڹпռԵǿߡ˵ռǻдڵģû뵽ųµĿռƷ
Ʒ³ǰ㾪ӣҡҡͷ˵ˣȱôˣǾͺúôɣҲǵġ
³һ㶣ŻʵˣղΪҪӣ˭
һɱ֯еˣʵԶ֮ϡƷĻص
ʥ򣿣³һ
ûƷ˵ֻúôţͿԳȥˡ
³˵ͷ𺧻޷ƽƷϵһи޷õĽ͡
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ƷһɣϾڶܴﵽȶȵĵطֻڵҽˣƷλڵĵطٽڼҽС
ⶴ֮УȻϢǾԲǷǱѰƷ粻òѾս𽣡
漴ǶߣǶķ򾹿ʼϴķȥǵδ֪ҲԽԽˡ
ǣƷߵľͷ֮ʱȴȫľסˡ
ΪǶѾסˣڵֻһСڣֱǸС
ƷûСȥҲûҪС߽ȥΪ˰ȫƷ绹͵͵ĴС֪̽˽ȥ
էһƷ羪סˡ
û뵽С棬Ǳж죬淶ΧΧм䴦дˮһҽðݡΧȴæµһȺΪСӰ
ЩСӰ밫һ㣬ͬľͨ嶼ɫģӶԵñȽϽСƣӼ󣬼첼ֱޱȡ
ЩƷ羪ȵģǿϤĶǾǷɵ
Щɵɲʲôըȫн죬溬бըԵʣһǷڵĹװãЩȫɽ죬Ƽϸߡ˷ɵ֮⣬ƷЩĽװãΪлҩĹԡ
Ʒˣû뵽ԭʼ֮УȻܷ˼ôȽ塣
˼ƷȤζһЦ
漴Ʒǿľ͵͵˽ȥ޸оرǿϢ֮䣬ƷȴǸоһɼаϢаϢȴǸоԴ֮
ãЩС֮УƷ粢޸оκаϢ
ǣΪ˲𲻱ҪľƷ粢ûʹϵħȥƿǶڡó𽣣ݺݵСڵıߴ˰ѽȣ͵һһСڱ˿
ţƷһ̤˽ȥ
̼䣬һ˫˫ӱ۵Ʒϡ
£ЩСߴߴĽӿһߣ׷еķɵдЩֿ˼׼Ʒ硣
Ʒһ㶣뵽ԼϾ𽣣ε΢΢һЦǺǣ£Ҳ˺ǵġ
ϧЩСͲƷĻȻȺľһ𣬾еɼһ˫˫гſ־塣Ȼй֣ȴһսûУƷԵøߴӣһη塣
û취֮Ĳʵ̫ˣνӴúİ
Ʒһ㶣ЦĲ˺ǵģֻ䴳ġ
ʲôģ
һλϵСﾪеСﶼǼϲĶƷ硣
Ʒ㵣벻ô˵ԼǴʱЩСķӦ˴أ


246 ؾ
ôˣѵʲô𣿡ƷЩСɻʡ
Ȼ⣡ϵĹԵΪļȻηˣʣܸܲ㵽Ǵ𣿡
Ʒһ㶣֪ϹΪλôʣʵĻصӦǴӺ˵İɡ
ϹﾪסˣȻѵǴ֮ģ
֮
ûϹĻصҶУֻһطкˮԴǽеˣԱɣ
ҲɣҲֻѡƷ絭ĵͷϾǺеĿֲˮѹԲЩСԳܵģԽȷʵ֡
ƷЩ֮ЩСһʧϹ̲סʣ㻹֪ȥķ𣿡
ƷεĻصϾԼԱǿ͵ģ˵ʵ治֪ĸȥǻܴܲغжһֵ⡣
Ϲ̾Ϣ̾طˣﲢʺ㡣
ΪʲôƷɻ
ΪĵطǴ½бĵطԴǵʱֱѾкüǧˣһֱԶüաϹȻͷΧЩСҲһȻɫ
ĵطƷһ㶣εʣˣðһ䣬ǵʲôˣ
ؾϹﵭĻص
ؾƷ羪סˣԺбȻȻĴһϢ
ؾô½֮Ѿǧܹ֪꣬ؾöô½ʷ鼮һ˽⣬ǶԵؾȫԵ˽⣬ֻڹ鼮в˽⵽ˡ
˵ؾһ壬üСͷԴӵĴµľǵؾһӵǿ֮ԴκԵĹϾؾʱǵ͵ȵûǿսΪ棬ֻзǿȥԼ塣
ϧô½еĸ岻ںųƵ͵ܹӵгǿĹѾЭ飬ͬ£ؾһ壬ԱлԵĴѹ
ʱ򣬸ڵؾл˲ٵĿԵؾ̫ˣ⵽˲ҵĴӴô½бûеؾĴˡ
ǣؾǿȴ֪ġ
ȻƷ緽ž˹û뵽ȻԼķ˵ؾһ塣ȻؾԭеĿƼֶȻ̫Զˣ統УؾѾпƼˡ
뵽ڴˣƷʵǾûҵ뿪𣿡
Ǻǣʵĺϲǣ½ľСϹһЦֱ̾ƵǲòҪ뿪
ҲȻϲΪҪ뾡취뿪Ʒһʡ
ΪǶʧȥԼɣϹҡҡͷеСҲһӡ
ʧȥɣ
ûϹɫʹ˵ʵѾҵĳڣǳͨϿȵģҵⱻаħˣǵؾһ壬Ǹвħ飬㱻ǿƷҺҵħ䣬ΪūǵؾһֻһֱԸħūǸ޷ȥ
ħ飿Ʒסˣʣǵô
Ҳ֪֮ħǺܿ¡ϹηĻص
Ϲ˵ħ£ʵƷ絹ôţֻЩؾʵ̫˶ѡԼԱ͵ģȻָԼҪȥĻԼҵڡ
ȻڳֻһǾϿȣƷǲҲôϿгȥ
ɣƷϹ˵˵ҪǴħ飬Ժôرң
˵Ȼֱ˵㣬ʵҪõ˵İҲҪһĴۡ
û뵽ϹҲܸɴ࣬ضҽаͷǵؾ˵зˡܻħĻֻҪɣԺԻ㣡
ӵǲãҪǰæʱǶܹҾˡƷЦ
Ϲһ㶣ĵǵؾĻһ߾ȫģ
סĳŵƷĵͷס𽣡
Ϲһǵĵ㡭ħʵɾԲеô򵥡
ûѡұ뿪Ʒ絭Ļص
Ϲ£ǲ֪λش
ͻȻƷƺоһϤǿϢڿٵıƽɫһص˵죡ҳģ
ϹﱻһһָҲϿ֮ȥĻԿһڣֱӱͨϿȣ
Ʒ΢΢˵ͷ˫һţٵԾ
ģƷԾá
ݵһ
һɫâٵϮԾеƷϡ
˻֮ͣЩؾڿ־бƵþɢĿȴƷ硣
ɼһٶȼޱȣƷԾ켣޷ı䷽ܡ
ԭΪɫâ֮£ƷҪѪˡ
ⲻ֪Ʒ׼ԭֱϵΣͻȻڰǿŤתһȦӣڿǰһ˫ŹȰڿߣǱڻһ˶ڵһߡ
飡
ɫâ˿Ͽնը˳Ƭʯ׷׵ڹҽ֮УһƬ𻨡
ؾзϸСһ㣬ٵı˵صС
ţһӰ˳
ûޡ
ȻǿЩؾĴڣЩªСȴȫûϾǵϸ͸оκвϢ
֪ЩСǴ½ѾĵؾĻؿͲһˡ
ʱͷսѾָƷ磬ߵСӣȻôط
Ǹ㣬ôҵƷʵ
ߣҪˣҪʬ˵Ҹþʹ뿪𣿡еĳѾгǿҵɫâɱˡ
ƷһЦڼң
ܼ򵥣һ˵ҲСɱ㣡ͻȻһ⣬һɨȥ˲ɫâ׼ƷϮ˹ȥ
Ʒһ˫һǵһļٵ˳ȥ
飡飡飡
һ޴ıը֮죬ɫâǼӲĶƿ˺ü̵Ĵ󶴣Ƭʯ䣬𶯵Ҫһ㣬Ʒȴܵһߡ
ŵСӣûطˣ
𣿡Ʒ粻мһЦƺסĳһĿ꣬Ͽմٵĳȥ
һ£Ʒ羹ʧˡ
ʲô
һӭŵʯճϡ


247 Ͽ
һɵŷ涴оȻиߵڣƷǴǶӽȥġ
ӣô𣿡ɫһ
ವһ
޵ӱһ㣬׼Ƕֱȥ
ûãһ͵һͻȻϮ˹
ʲô
һϱһǿҵɫâ跢𶯵ѿһ㡣
͵ģɫޣֱӴӹһг˳ȥ
ʱ䣬ǰ֮һĹ⣬ؾǶĳˡ
ȴǳԾļǶ֮⣬еӰսϵɫݺݵն˹
ɫ䣬խСĶ֮УĻѡ
֮£ֻڳȭȭгһޱǿҵɫţȫ
͵ģޱһһȭǽֱ˹ȥ
һ
ǿǿȭƶ֮£߶ʯڱȻը˿һֱնɫϣǿ˲㼷ˡ
䣡
һ죬ǿĳƬʯ鱬ը˿ɼһɫʯֱ˳ȥ
ƷҲǱȵʮ׵ľ룬أ𽣡Ļʥ򼶵Ĳ໹̫Զˡ
ϧƷѾˣĵʵ̫ˣһȫ޵ĶԷҲû֮ǰôٵ
ȻָɰƮӣƷ硣
ȥ֮ʱȴǾסˡ
һƬϿȣϿȼȴޱȣ̧ͷȥһƬɫһȺ㣬˲ȥ֪̽
ȻⲻҪģµǣϿ֮УоκεĴŸʽһĹһɹɰɫԱȥš֮䣬ƺХ֮˲ëȻ
޾סˣ֪˵ؾǳ֮أ㳯ƷŭʵСӣ⵽ʲôط
˵ϿȣƷŻص
ʲôϿȣɫ䣬еСӣǲǷˣϿȿǴ½е֮أǲҪ𣿡
ǺǣѵҵҪ𣿿ЦƷһЦݺݵĵ㿴ڶã˵˻ģɶ໮㰡ҪµĻڻȥҲ٣
ӣҧгݰ
ҾǷˣҲҸƷģƷ緢һЦ
ȻƷս𽣣Ծգ֮ݺݵĻһϬĽâ
ţƷĹɨ𳤽ĵֵš
飡飡飡
â׷ױ޸ƽ⣬ڵըһƬƬľ죬ǽЩǺըѿĻҰɫĹǺƬ
ƷȵߣҾҪҲҪɱ㣡
˵꣬Ͽ͵ҡһܱϿͻȻǹǺ֮һĪĺϮ
ƷȻһĬı˴˿ЩĴܱߵı仯
Ʒ˵˵һƷ޵ӳϿȣԻǵҪЩһġ
СӣҲɣͻȻʡ
ȻΪ˭ôƷ絭Ļص
ߣҾͳԵɣʱһһӳ˵
ҲǺܳԿҳȥ֮󻹲ҪɱƷߵ
Ǻãǳȥ֮ҿԸʱ뿪ʳԣ
ãǾô˵ˣƷһˬĻصʱ㹻Լȫѳ޵׷ˡ
ߣϣسŵ
˴ˡ˴ˣ
ƷһЦ˱㲻ս˳ܱߵı仯
䣡䣡
һľ죬ƬϿȶһ㣬ҵҡΣһӴĺɫƷǵӿۡ
üͷһ壬ԸогһɼΪǿ·ѾƷǸΧˡ
޳һͻȻ飡
飿Ʒһ
飬е˴ڣԭѾΪ֮ƾȴȻдΪаĴڡһ޷ǸΪǶӵΨйħǵĿǡ
СӣǶ鷳ˣء
ߣ˵Ҳ֪Ʒޡ
ͻȻ̧ͷϿϿգСӣҿΨһĳھʹϿȥˣ㸺Щע⣬ȳȥܴܲȥ
УҪȳȥҿɲͳԿˣƷһھܾ
ȥܿ˰ɣ޺ΰĻص
УǾô˵ˣƷЦ
ˣͷðһս˳һǿҵɫâǿĳһа
Ҳһŭˡ
飡飡
һıһɫôѿĵд˳нȻŰѰɫĳǿն֮ͫУ˸ŹѪ⡣
սʿеһձĴڣЩսʿγɣŴ˱ЯһЩڱǰʵͬȡŲͬսʿļ
սʿļܼ򵥣ǿֱΪսʿСýȻսʿ͵ȵĴڣʵѾﵽ˽СѾﵽ˽ʼϡٵýѾﵽʥ򼶣ﵽʵȴѾΪ˴˵еĴڡ
һӣϿеܣѾϰλսʿ˵ѾϰλĽ֣һǲġ
Сӣ죡һ
ವһ޾ǳһȺսʿУݾɨһһɫâĺɨ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ЩսʿûüӦâдݻΪƬ
һ̣˫һţǼٵӵһߣеĳĻţһһɫâ
˵ף޶Ѿʥ򼶵ǿˣЩͨսʿ޵Ķ֡
̼䣬ޱѾЩսʿ˺ΪĩЩͨսʿǱȫ˺ٵĻû㹻ٸġ
һ̣ƷɳԾ𣬽𽣣Ų̤ϣϵϿбȥ
ṦеһּΪ߳ľ磬ݡ
һӣƷѾƲ㣬Ұ̼ģһƬ
ɹˣ
Ʒϲ̧ͷһʵ֮УƷѾϡϿϵķ嶥ˡ
ͻȻƷ׼һȥʱЩͻȻˣǷѹһڸסա
ƷһûӦƲ֮Уһֻ޴һӭƷĻ
ɣ
Ʒŭһеʮݺݵֻɨնȥ
飡
һ죬Ͽ֮УƷһоն˸ְһ㣬־ҵԣǿķֱ֮塣
Ʒ类Ѫڣ֮Уֱֱĵ˻ȥ


248 ˺
һ
Ʒĵ޻ΧɱЩսʿ
޷µƷ磬ǰʵôˣҵ𣿡
ûУҪȥԿɡƷհ˵
ܾƷЩŹ֣ϿմӿŵĺɫƲ㣬һҧݵȥɣ
˵꣬ޱɫ⣬ǻһ㣬ǹĺɫгȥ
ߣҲԸƷ簵һЦȴǾȵķ֣ΧѾһӰ
Ʒһȥȵķ֣ԼѾȫЩսʿΧˣлӶųΧƷϳɱ˹
ߣһͷ𣿡
Ʒɫһŭһ𽣣͵һӳȺ
ݵһ
ƷݺݵĺɨһЩսʿûߵƷǰ㱻һ׷׻ˡ
û취ƷǲĻʵʹﵽ˽ʼĶˮƽЩսʿƷĶ֣֮𽣵ǿֻҪЩսʿһƷĽᱻǿĽ˲˺١
ʱѾǺɫƲУڿա
𣡡
һֲĺֿʼ޵ӿˡ
أԸоԼĴйǿҪӽԼ壬ȴûоķ
־͸̲סŭ
Ȼ޸һ˵꣬һһĹβ޵ɨ˹
һʱӦ΢΢һˣһŶĿ⣬ǹβֱȥ
һ
һƬɫ⻨ǿһûнǹβնϣǹβ㼫ΪƻĶ֮С
Ӹղδ֪βһƴξࡣ
Ȼ޵һȫɹͷɵľ޴ͷ­Ĵ޵̽˳
޺һܵķӦŤת˹ֱһˡ㾪ĿǳľԼ
޻Ȼ壬ʢţһӭžݺݵն˹ȥ
飡
һ֮죬һû˵ǹֺһɫ˳ȥ
ⲻ֪Ǿ֮ھ۳һ޴ĺɫţ׼˳ȥ
ɫһ䣬оǵŹ£һˣ֮䣬ٵɨһɫâ
ಣಣ
һɫâǵɫ֮С
飡飡
ɫâȴǱȣǵϮеĺɫžһһ顣
ģǺɫѿ֮󣬾ûɢҲûپۺͣЩ龹ǻһɫǹ޵ϼ˹ȥ
ʲô
ɫ䣬ʱ˹Ĺ
£޽ڵ˳Ӵ޵Ͻһػ㣬սŭһӸƴˣ
ݣ
糤磬նеĳٵĻ½һЩĺɫǹȻˣ޵ȴֱӱž졣
Ȼ޼ƽžʱͻȻž쾹ȻӺ̽˳¶ž޴ͷ­
ʱ䣬һžĿʱȴȫסˡ
һžͷ­
ͷѾûκƤѪҺֻһͷѣͷȴǰ֮ɫģͷϻŸɫףն֮У˸Ѫ⡣

޾ֵĵɴ˫ۣܵĶԾЩη塣
һ
ͽȻ֮䣬һӴĺɫ˺Ϯ˹
һһʱûӦ˾ǺŸϮС
ǺžǹޱȣһĶߣ޵ϸطĲסһǿ뷽跨Ҫ޵ڡ
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ɫ䣬һʱȻ̫ˣھȻǹס
֮£ֻڵȫټȼǿҵɫâƴȥǹĲơ
һ
ǹڱϵѿˣ޻ûüһĶ֮УһǿĹβͳ޵ɨ˹
飡
һ죬ȫһ𣬿ֱѪֱǰһ㣬ȥ
һ̣һͷ˳űһ޴ĺɫţֱӽ޸˽ȥ
ʱ䣬һҰףҰͻȻһƬģӴϮޣʴ޵־

޷Ĵһȴ޴ʹԼϸλǹռˡֻýڵ֮ȴ޷֮ȥĻǹӴʼջǻ޵ڣʱɾʥǿߣҲҪֲ֮¡
ã޿Ҫ֧Ųȥʱ
䣡
ǹӴը˿Ʒֱ޵ǰһֳϣȵȥ
ٵһ£ޱ˳Ʒϵǵѹֱ䵽˵ϡ
ͷΪ˵£ǱǺɫ֮С
Ȼ£ԵƷһۣʵղΪʲôҪңѵ㲻ɱ𣿡
ˣڻǺĹϵƷ絭һЦ
Ǻǣ߹һĨЦ⣬˵Ļһǵһκ˺һԼĵˣ
ҲǵˣֻǶ˲ĹϵѡƷ絭
һͷ̧ͷǲƣ˵Щ˿Ƶģʵǿħʦ
ħʦƷһ
ħʦһرĴڣƻȴӵųȻʶĴڡǿԲٿκε飬ǿĵȼµľħʦٻô
ֳȻĴڡ
ڣħʦκ˴½ĵ⣬ںܾ֮ǰħʦؾһڴ½оˡ
û뵽Ͽ֮УȻħʦ
Ͽȣ֮ԽǱϿоӵŴ֮ĻЧ֪ڴϿеħʦʵǵ֮
ڿ죿ƷͻȻʣħʦû˽⡣
취ֻһ֣ҵĻٿߣҲ䱾ĻӵٻǾͶҪˡĻص
ǸôңƷʡ
һͷϿеĺɫƲ㣬֮ӦǿģӦֱħʦĿƣֻҪǽ֮Ļؾҵλħʦˡ
һȥɣƷɫһĺ𽣡
޳ĵͷһɱ
ģ˫͵һţٱֳϿеЩɫƲ㡣Щսʿ޷УԲܹ׷ȥ
ǺɫƺоƷǵĳһһǺһĺϮ
Сģ
޲ɴһȫɫţŭһݺݵɨȥһǿˡ
Ʒ粻ʾеĳתһεĽâ
䣡
Ǻɫŵв˵Ϲƣ̼㱻ˡ
ĬһЦֱȥ


249 鷨ʥ
һ£˱ѳǺڰ֮С
𣡡
һǾ޴ͷֱӴӺڰð˳
͵ģ˲۳һɾ޴ĺڰų˹ȥ
Ʒ޵Ӧ˹ɢ˿ȥǹɺڰֱӴ˵м䴦ӿ˹ȥ
ɫһǿͷһݺݵĸֱն˹ȥ
ݵһ
һɫâƿնʵʵĴǿͷϣһƬ⻪
ͷƺеЩĳʹͷ­һ£̽˺ڰ֮С
Ʒ޷һڿշУ˫żٵڿߣֱӳǺڰ֮С
Сӣ
޾һ㲻ʾĸų˺ڰС
һţܽһƬڣֻܸо磬ȴѰǾ١
ַĻеĳһӣֱϿյķȥ
ʵҪǹܼ򵥣ϿؾǳڣħʦҲԲ޸׵ĴϿմȥ
Ȼ޼Ǻڰŵʱһ޴Ĺβֺݺݵɨ˹
׼΢΢ƫ˿ŭһο㻹ô㣡
͵ģ޾ǵβľͷֱ˹ȥǺڰţݺݵһն˹ȥ
һ
һնһӲӦϮǹӣֻǹһе˳ȥ
һóѣһЦѭŹȥķ򣬼֮С
Ʒ羫ҪԶǿޣ˶нճһٵĳ˺ڰ֮С
ܿ죬˻ϵһ𣬲ǰŵ쳣ȻеĽһȫһ˺ն˹ȥ
飡飡
ǿҵ֮죬ǱصĹܵƷ˵ϹƵһˡ
ʹ죡޾ǳƷЦһ
ƷҲ˷ܣסĿ귽;ɨһٳһ
ݣ
һεĽƲ㣬¶ǹ޴ıݺݵ˹ȥ
һ
εĽػǹϣһǿƲߵƲƬɢǹ޴Ѿ¶һˡ
ɵƯˣ޴һ⣬ͬԽռһ㣬˲ǹľǹֱնȥ
𣡡
һʹĺУǹ޴ĹȫһĺϮ֮£ԵһǺ˿Ǿ޴ĵ˳ȥ
飡
һ죬Ǿ޴ǺݺݵײϿߵʯ֮ϡ
ڣƷ˫һ裬һӿһɹˣֱӴǺڰţĺǾ޴ϡ
𣡡
һʹĺУѾȼǹӡ
Ʒޱ˴˵ͷû뵽˾ϵĬͬʱһгǱȼеĹϳ˹ȥ
ۼ˾ҪǹʱһɳƲϵ֣֮
䣬һֻɫþԳǹǰݺݵӭƷ˵Ļ˹ȥ
Сģɫ䣬ջسǰ
Ʒһҧƾս׵ķһŤתײֻ֡
飡
һ죬ֻһƷıϣһǿƲ
ƷһƵһֱֱĵ˳ȥָֻ㣬ֱ˿ɢΪĩ
ǲϵа𾪡
ҲղŴһֵֻԱʥ򼶵һû뵽ƷƾϵսףȻ͵סһҲʵ̫ǿˡ
Ʒ簵һЦȻûսڽ֮󣬷Ѿ㹻ʥǿһƴˡұƷ֮ǿڳˣս׵ĻǸղŵǵ㹥Ͳʲôˡ
뵽ڴˣƷ羹Ǵһɣ
͵ģƷ羹ǳԭĹǹ˹ȥ
ȻƷ缴ĿʱΧĺڰһӸסˣȫסƷҰ
Ʒһûģ
һƷֱƲ㣬ὣһɨЩڰţȴǾķ֣ǹѾʧˡ
һ̣Ʒһ޴צӺϮ˹
޴һСģ棡
Ʒɫ䣬һתӱ㱻צӸסˣ߬Ʒ磬ֱϿײ˹ȥ
һ죬Ʒ类ǾצݺݵʯУǼӲʯֱӱײѿһƬʯ
ƷƺһȻǿҵײ£ҲǱһѪڣЩѣ֮С
һɫһէţֱ˹ȥ
ϧûԶһž޴ͷͻȻӺڰ̽޵ǰ
ɫܼһӦеĳǿͷϱֱն˹ȥ
飡
ǾͷϽһǿĻǿͷη˺ڰУŵһߣһǿĹβȴӭ޵ıɨ˹
һתδüǰ㱻ǾβС

һУӱ㱻ǾβУάƬ̱㱻ƣ⵽ػ̲סһѪֱ˳Ӽٵµ䡣
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ʯһڵأ쳾н˴Ƭʯڵһ̾޿ӡ
һߣƷȫǱָֻ߬ţ޷룬Ǿ˦ƷӺݺݵײƷ޴
飡飡
һľ죬Ʒ綼֪⵽˶ٴǿҵײˡ
ڣƷҲ޷еŭ
ʱ䣬Ʒ˫һ죬һħ״̬
͵ģƷӾǷıϵս׸һԾ޴ͻȻ޴һӱſֻ֣Ʒûһץסֻ֣һվǿҺ𽣣Ǿŭն˹ȥ
飡
ֱ˺ֻ֣ɫâű㱬ը˿޾ܱߵĺɫͨͨƵɢ
ţϿ֮УһϵľӰ˳
ûȷʵһͷ͹ͨ尵֮ɫʮף֮ͫ˸ŹѪ⣬ӴоŹ
ǹıϣȴվλˣֳ÷ȣȫסۣȫʵòɢޱȵ
ƷĴصǺˣϾǺ˵ϣƷ羹ǸеһɾѹҲƷħ״̬һλܸеܴѹĶ֡
ʱҲڷǱķӣϿеľӰһҲ㾪סˡ
ûȷʵ鷨ʦ
ǣɲͨ鷨ʦǴﵽ˷ʥħʦ
֪ħУˣڰԣΨйϵǵĿǡȥϵ˵ĻϵκеجΣǶѾԽȻĽ֮С˵֮ͬУѾûлĶˡ


250 
ѵûܼôõĲϣϷǺЦ
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𣿡֪۹ⶢޣֵϷ벻ľǣȻ˼ǵϷ֡
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鷨ʦƷԾĵɴ˫ۡ
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ࣿСӣ⻰˵̫˰ɡ˱ĵĵϷȻػõ֮ϷʵԸЩСûġ
ߣտ˵󻰣Ϊô׶Ը𣿡
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޼ˣ˫һţɫ⣬ȥеĳɨһɫâ
飡飡
һľشϿ֮УɫâڵһϮ˹ϣ˿
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͵һǹѾȫɢˣЩʯΪһƬǶѡ
ߣ˰ɣһ
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֮ڣЩ֮޷ֱɱģΨйħԿ˵УȥҹħʦĻص
ħƷһ㶣԰ôû뵽أ
ˣƷҲλħʦ
뵽ڴˣƷ㾲ĸӦſеĹϢȻϿглйħԪشڵġ
ȻƷУҫһǿҵİɫâ
һǰ׹⣬ȴǾõɴ˫ۣСӣ㡭ô
ߣܿ˰ɡƷǰԶĹ
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ȻоǹɹϢŭߣϢϷһʹ޵ľЩ͢αСˣ
ƷɫһǸҲڹ͢ˣ
Ϸ򲻹ǲǹ͢ˣȻйϢϷֻйˣƺԵüΪķŭ
Ȼ䣬ƬϿȱ̼ޱȵĺڰĴһɵϢƷϵǰ׹⣬Ҳֻ΢΢Щ
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͵ģƷ׼ǹ۴һУеĹŷ˳ȥ
ݵһ
ǰɫžļ׼˹ۡ
飡
ǹǿ֮Уһɫ⻪ǹʹĺһĺ˼
ȻûƷǱһЦߵǾͺðˡ


251 µٻ
޾סˣ޵Сӣ
ƷЦ۳һɫСţڻҰɣ
ãһӦ
ವһɫѾ嵽ǹǰ𳤽һϬɫâӻֱš
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˿ǵģɷ羰СУȥ֮ɱʹ죡Ʒεıޡ
һ˵ͻȻ͵һ
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Сģ
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ĽݺύŰȺУһƬƬǣƬСȻȥ
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ټ˻ϣĬһЦ
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ĹȴֹסĿϲݺݵĵϷҪˣ
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ǸЩСĹȴûȥЩСЩɵ
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һıը쳹Ͽ֮УһСȻԼķɵ֮С
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͵ģƬϿǿҵһѷеԽӵŨ
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254 ʮ
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255 ɱ
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256 ͻ
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£ƷĬھĵڵϢȫΣߣȻѹڵ֮С
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׽ڹĴ˹Ʒпھڿٵʮ죬ȻڵʮС죬ԭľǷıš
ûƷͣڵѾܾˣͻƵĻᡣ

Ʒ̲סʹĴһֱ޸סˡ
ʱ޿ĿƷͨǺ죬ͷð̣ѪƺҪѿһ㣬ӲһѪΪֲ
Сӵڵжֿµ
޾ˣڴ½֮Уܹħ˫߱ϵħѾٺˣϾĻѳܣﵽ߲ξʱ򣬽ΪױǺΣյġ
ǣľǣƷСС壬ȴ˲ֵ֪ÿһֵѾﵽ˸߲εľ磬ѵͲ»ű
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лѧ壬伴忪ʼƷÿһεͻƣǿ֮ǿ֮ܣƷԺܱ̬ˣӵ޵֮⣬Ʒ绹߱ں϶Ĺܡ
ħħֶڲֵͬҪΪ壬ͨȫ֮ʱȫʵħΪʵħ֮ʱһ㶼󷽹ʣħֻںǿöѣҲǿǿںǰߵӱĻȫڵģҲȫġ
ƷģҪÿһ㣬ɼαÿһͻƣܼʹ࣬ղסĻ߻ħ
Ʒ־ᶨʹ࣬ǿȻȵĿڵϢ
ڣžһΨƷڵĽڳɹһȦյѪҲǱˣȫγһ˳·Ʒϲһӱ㱻һ졣
ָоʵ̫ˣƷֻصǰǿƵĸо
ͻˣۣƷͻƵ߲֮ͬʥ׵ˮ׼ʹÿħǿĻﵽʥн׵ʵѾˡ


257 ʥǰ
þãһڶƽϢƷ绺˫ۡһԼֵǣеĳȻ嵹ڵء
Ʒһ㶣ĳЦʣǺǣղźлģΪʲôûɱأ
ߣȻΪһɱ֣Ҳû޳ܵС˵ʱ򡣡һ
ǳȥ֮أƷʡ
ûȤˣ޵Ļɰеĳڱ
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ûʲôԴӼɱ֯󣬴δʧ֡Դ˷ģһ޷֮ұҪҵɱˡһɫ
ǺǣҲǣһֻΪɱˣȷʵйƵġƷ΢΢һЦ
ԭ򣡡˫Ʒ磬һɫĵҳΪɱ֣һܵĶǸѶȵһζֻԼеսѡ㣬ǿߣҲΨһ𾴵ǿߣԺԻΪ½ǿߡ
ǿߣƷ£ȻһңԶΣҺģȻͰװ˷ҵˡ
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ǺǣıǿҪȥһλһλĵ֣һڴƷͫ˸ǿս⡣
ǱܴǿŻǿ޵ͷв˸ɫСӣݹƷ磬ⶫҲûˣ͸ɣ
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ʥǰ񣿡Ʒһ㶣ʣʲôģ
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޼ƷһԾӣֵ湲аλʥǿߣڴ½жǱȽģҲλʥǿУҵʵֻŵʮλ
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Ʒһ㶣ʵһ벻ףʥǰɱ֯ռϣΪҪ֯еԱ¶أ
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Ʒ˵ͷּţƺѰϤӰһ㡣
ڣƷ緭ҳʱȴͣסˡ
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޼Ʒǰ㾪ȵӣüͷԽأֳ̫ʵǵĹƣҲֻŵλá
ǺǣǰɡƷ絭һЦȴһɫܾʥǰƺеŹ֣оǹ˿һ㡣ϸϸһ룬Ʒȴ벻ﲻԾ
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һ
ޱǹǿҵĺڹըΪһƬ⣬ȫʬ

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һ̣һ죬̳зɽƬʯһӴľӰĴӵص
һͷԭȵĹҪӵľ޴ͬǣǹƷ羹Ǹеһ˿ϤУһоһɼΪϤϢ
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ߣϷѾͰΪһ壬ɲȵǰСӻʲôʸ񣿡˺
һ£ƷûֻеŭһһȼգɱεһƷֵܣİɣһΪֻģ


258 ŭɱ
̫ͻȻˣû뵽˾Ȼû޲ⶾֶ
Ʒĺ𽣣ڵھ
߲һȫ¾ȻƷǸͻƵ߲㣬ڵ֪֮ǿжٱƾսףǹ޷ͻƷķ
ǺǣİɣֵܵһֻƷһЦ
ٷϻ
ŭһǹб³һӴĺɫš

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СӣȻϷ֪ʵǿϷУ޷ӹģЦܡ
ߣҲ㻹㲻״İɣʹʲôĹƣ㶼޷ңƷ粻мĻصԭز
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һ
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һɳɭΧǿٵĻΪһ壬Ϊһ޴ĹųƷӡ
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һХһɫɢЩʯǽǹӣٵĺڰС

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ݵһ
Ʒֱǹɳ͵ĺɫֱƷһƻˡ
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͵ģһǿʥϢ£Ϣɢĺ֮УâֱǹɺȡʥĹâ

˾˻ţȴǱԽԽϸǹҲǲϵıʥˡ
Ʒأ̧ԶգսĬȻֵܣ԰Ϣˣϣ±ӣǻѡ


259 ƷĽ̵
صؾУѾһƬǽ壬ԿһʯѹסҲ̶õʬ壬ʺɫѪһһ
ɣƷ˫ȭ޺޵սû뵽ղֻȫսȴ˶ԵؾӰ졣
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ǲûй㡣аͷص
Ʒ΢΢ͷħѾˣѾˡ
ллаͷеؾ϶˸м
ҲˡƷĬȻ˵
аͷһ㶣˼˻Ʒ˵Ǹ𣿡
ңȥƷҡҡͷ
аͷɫȻ̾Ҳ֪ǵؾһ屾Ǳ½壬ħȻɣɽǸһ㰲ȫжûСõıӻ֪ΪɱħѾǺܴæûʸټôߡǵȻ˵Ҳ΢ҪǰæطĻǵؾԽ߾ȫȥ㡣
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ȻƷ΢΢һЦ˵ҪһĿռϢҲýһ£⣬һһǽ
СУаͷϲͷ
ƷӦһ£תĬĬԭĶȥ
Ʒȥ֮аͷǱ㿪ʼĬĬͬʬˣгųʹϢ

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¾֮࣬ƷʵͻƣѾˣʱˡ
ʱƷڵǰ˫ǵţгһڴ


260 
߲㹻ˣƷŵս˫ȭ
ݵãƷڵ׼ǵɫš
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Ʒ˫ȭ˹ȥǽԵһ±ˡ
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˲ľǣƷ羹Ȼγ𽣣ݺݵԼֱϻһ̵ĿӣѪӿ˳һʹƷüͷ
һĻȴ˸е˼ˡ
˿Ѿѿһӿ˴Ѫǰ֮£µѪȻʧˣľǣƷԭѿ˿УȻۿɼ޸š
ֱϵѺʧù⻬羻оʹûܹһһûκεʧ
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𸮵ţΪ޸ռ䡣
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˵ƷԺսżİƷ粻Ҫ̫ǿĶ֣ȥƴĻһ֮Ƕûˡ
УƷ羪˹ϱޱȵᣬԵޱȵİȻݺݵĵԺ˭ҵĵ֣ԽţҺܸܿˣΣҲ£
ƷĿЦŨŨİѾģƷӡ
þãƷŴ˷лָ顣
Ʒ뵽ȻŶѾɵı򿪣ǶڵأӦҲǲ̫ԶɣοƷ绹ûбȫ״̬
뵽ڴˣƷѾʰŲӭŰһֱǰߡ
Щȷʵ棬ƷÿһЩƷӣƺʱ̱Ʒһ㣬ָоƷúܰݡ
ʱһİƷڿǰһµĽš
ǵţƷ¶˿ϲЦݣֻ֮ʲôľϲأ
ɣƷվǵǰڵھ˫ӡǵС

Ʒһ㶣¶˾֮ɫû뵽Լ߲Ȼ޷ǵš
֮£Ʒҧһ˫ۣһ˹ȥ
˵һ
ǵڴһ϶
ƷһϲЦϣˣ
͵ģƷͫбѪ⣬Ʒһħһ״̬
һ״̬Ʒ͵ñڵҲŲϵǿ
飡
Ʒ̤˸Ų޸ռжһ¡
һ̣Ʒٴκֻ׳ֱۣгűըԵ˫۽ǵţһ˫ƽʵʵ˹ȥ
˵һ
ǵųܲסƷǿıƶ˿
ˣƷϲǵڱˡ
ƷѾ̲סһŷɿ̤˽ȥ
ڣȻȻ沢ûʲôرĶƷȴסˡ
Ϊռܴ󣬴󣬴ô˼飬Χﵽ˷ԲʮһӶˡ
Ʒ翴ĻֱʿˮҲʵ̫ˡССһ𸮣澹Ȼ˴Ŀռ䣬ǴռˣжôĿ°
ͻȻһİϢ̼ӿƷԺ֮С
Ʒһ𣬴ЩϢ֮Ѿÿ˵ˡ
𸮵ţƶռ䡣
ƶռ䣬˼壬ƶɲֹǼ򵥵ƶֱһӴռ䣬ǱɻҪӵķ㡣
ΪƷȫƶռвٿ𸮣ҿĸı𸮵ĴСȴҪƾ辫ٿƶռ䣬𸮿ɵƶ㹻ǿĻأܣӵſ˲Ƶ̬ľǣ𸮿һʵĴڣ𸮷֮Уǿ߶޷Ӧ𸮵ĴڣԺƷߵĻ˭ץסƷ磿
ƷҪȥ̵ĻƷĲˣӷƶռ棬Ҫ䵽˭Ҳ޷Ԥ
ҲԺ˭κεңƷƺЩʧȥǰķЦԺ˵ǰǿߣǿ߶κβԼˡ
Ȼ䣬ƷоȻһϵİѾޱȵš
˾ȱԽԽǿʱ׷ĿԽԽߡ
û뵽Ʒõͻ֮󣬾ȻšƾƷֲ׼һš
ΪƷԸоУԶԶֹЩռ䣬ߵԽǿӵеĿռŻᱻϵӵСÿһŵĿ𸮵ĿռԽԽ¡
ɣƷŵĽŲĳ嵽һǰ
Ȼûƶռ֮󣬻еߵš
ƷŵߵţԽӵڴߵӵеĿռһӵĿ¡
ˣ
Ʒս⣬һǿĵһ㣬Ա
ȻƷ֪ߵžԲô׿Ʒ绹û̱ħ״̬Ҫȥ̽ߵŵ׻жĲࡣ
͵ģƷɫ⣬˫ֱ޵ĳǵš
飡
һ죬Ʒ˫ػ˽С̼䵴һɹƲƷȫһǿķ֮ͱƻڣѪڡ
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ƷǾ޴ӳڵأȹأͫоǳž
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֮£Ʒ籬һ˫ȭչսһǿһƷ磬ƷΪģϯƬƶռУ˲һ޴֮硣
𣡡
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ûǿħ״̬仯
û취ڵߵŵĿռ䣬Ʒбͳ޾ĺ档ǿӵи
͵ģһٵĺɫȥƷǾ޴Ӿһʯһ㣬ݺݵײǵС
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ǲ̫ԶˡƷεҡҡͷ
룬ҲԼ̫ˣҲǾòˡ
ǣƷ绹Ǻģӵռʵǿࡣ
ߣİɣܿ죬ҾͻˣƷᶨһЦתȥ


261 ħ
峿ƷѴгֱӱߵ˵ؾС
ȵķ֣аͷѵȺˣΧԭǽһƬҲˣֻǵȻųʹ֮ɫ
аͷһƷ㹧ʺˣˡ
Ʒ˵ͷһϣѾ뵽˱ǵİ취ˡ
ģаͷ¶һ˿ϲ
һûоԵİաƷ֣صĵ
ûϵ˾;Ϊɡаͷ΢΢һЦ
õģ鷳¡Ʒ˵
аͷһ㶣±˵˽ߣһ˫˫ӽƷ硣
漴ƷߵǶǰʼϸĴŵΡ
Ϊ취ؾǵİȫƷǷѾ˼뵽һеİ취Ǿǲħ
ħһּΪϵзֺü֣ԲһЩħǾйķЩǷħҲЩԻõ˵Ļ
еİ취Ǿǲû
ǼΪֵһħ󣬲÷ΪӣһҪǵһҪľõĻʱάԵ⡣ħĻǻάֲ˶á
ΪҲзּġһĻֻΪԻˣǿһЩĻǾǿȫˣһָǿľڻлں˹ħ̤󣬵ǽڻԻл⵽ǿĹҲ֪˻֮
ƷҪսĻ󣬱ǿĻǾںϹԵĻ
ںϹԵĻҪħҪ󼫴󣬶ǲôΪΣգǲĻ˱ը㹻ﵽʥ򼶵ˡ
ǣǲʲôħҪľƸӵħͼħάħ
ȻƷħѾǺǿˣҪںԻĻ˵һĿ顣
һְ취ԲħħǾħ
ħħ֮ԴֻҪ㹻ħȶйعɲ־õħ󡣵ħҪ󼫸ߣħҪħƷҪȵģܴﵽƽ⡣
ãƷڹ۲ѵΣв𽣣ǰ͹ƽĵϿ̻һͼ
ɱСЩͼÿһʣÿһߣƷ綼ȫע߶ȼУûһ룬ͷѾ亹Եüǳ
Щؾã֪ƷڸʲôаͷȴǾסˣħ󣡡
ħʦƵħʦҪǲħǿǾԿʵʱ򡣱ϾħҪħ뾫ʵҪ̫ˣǴﵽʥħʦħʦҲһܹóħ
ڣƷ翴ôᣬѵƷ绹бЩħʦҪľ
뵽ڴˣаͷиеЩĵǣȴֲȥƷ硣ϾڲħʱǱͻȻɧŵĻǱ޷õħͼˡ
ħȻֻǼ򵥵ĻԲԲ֮ڣȴҪħߣÿһ߶ħĹκһκεĳ
Ʒ粻˵ľ飬ħŷḻħ֪ʶǹڸħĹ죬Ʒ粻˵ȫסŵԭѾ˽Ĳˣ˴β˻ҲһΪ󵨵ĳԡ
ʱƷľѾȫĸ߶ȼУ̻ÿһͼ·ߡħԭʵѧ߼࣬Ҫľǹ⡣
գµأеĵؾס˺зκε죬һ˫˫ĿƷÿһ
ڣãƷͣеĶȴ֪Ѿ亹
ˣƷи˿һϲ
ʱǰ͹ƽĵ֮УȴһΪ츴ӵͼȻûעκεħȴԸоħͼǴƾùϵϢ
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Ǽħˡ
ħҪǿħ֧֣Ʒ֪ԼħԶԶδﵽҪֻħˡ
ڣȥħأ
˵ɻ
ƷȴЦ⣬ħĻѾ׼ڿ֮Ʒ粢û뿪𸮣˸ƿռС
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ԣһϵʱ䣬ƷѾƳʮŵ߽ħȻĲ٣ƷԺָܿ״̬ˡ
ɣеؾľ֮УƷǱϷһ㣬вϵһſŴħƷһ֪Ѿﵽ߽ס
ǣҲʵ̫˰ɣ߽׵ħޱҲرΪƷϻӵ˶߽ħ
ƷûЩؾ𾪵ӣÿһŵħйɵǶÿλСɲһɵĻÿһħǶλãҪΪȷɳκεĲһҪһǳɣκεΪħǶħͼеʱ򣬱;һ˿˿ħ͸һĻ
ãƷľ죬ϵļãÿһŵħħͼУʮţɷʮλÿλзְ˸λλλĹϵ
ˣڶҲˡƷϲţһĳɾ͸УڳβħƷǺܳɹˡ
аͷȴǿĿɿڴղƷ翴ֻǼ򵥵һЩѣȴаͷ־ĶǰĸоֻҪһ˵ĻħҪʧܸˡ
Ʒ粼ħǰ֣Ǳ½ħʦĻԻǳ𾪡ڻǲħ֣սѶȵںϹԻ󣬶һܳɹĹħ
ڣħѾΣںϹħҲС
ԣһ裬Ǽħˡ
һ£ɾǷǳΣˣȻҪҪǿħȴҪλĹ⣬ƵĲһʧȥƽ⣬ħͻһǿҵıըǿǿع˵жǿ
ɣƷתͷĳаͷ˵ǻȳȥɣܻǳΣգҲûİգʧ˵Ļɶˡ
аͷһ㶣֪µԣȴƷ絣ǵʣأ
Ǻǣħ鶼ˣ˵һ𣿡Ʒ絭ȻһЦ
Ҳǡаͷ˵ͷһϵĵһλǿߣ
ţаͷԼǣ̤ǿԴħ󣬿߳˶վԶȴǷ׷ƷߣĬĬš
Ʒ˫Լµħͼص̾ϣĿԳɹɣ


262 ʷϵһ
ħǼΪѺΣյ飬رںϹԵĻ
Σ֮ħħͨԻħͼʱһΧǳԲεģҪΪ˷ֹħʧҲΪħڻеҲҪﵽƽ⡣˸λ˸СȻħѾˣǺܼ򵥣ȴǼ临ˡ
ħһкü֣˵ɷַˮڰĴԪػ󡣱ѡ磬ǷĻÿԲͬȡŲͬǿ
ǣһǿħǾԵħ
νԵħ󣬾ӵŴеԪ֮ԪؼϣعΪſĻǰǿ߶ơ
ǣԵħ˵Ҫȵħһַ
һʩ߱ڹԪ֮ʷлûֻλͬԶħȵħʦſɣҪﵽĬѣԵĻҲֻΪ˿롣
ǾԸֲͬԴ洢ħȵħԾٿصҲܹħ󣬵ȴԶԶڵһַ
ƷҪɵľħĹ
ƷȻħʦѾ߱Ԫ֮ΨһǷٵľǺڰԪ֮ƷȴǱڰԪ֮ƵǾǿħ֮
ħ֮ħ񻯵Ľ壬߱˺ڰ֮ƺõĻڰ֮ҲɱڰԪ֮Ч͵ھڿƷħʵ
ɹ˵ĻƷħˮƽһħҲһ㡣ʧܵĻҪˡ
ðգƷĸԸȥģŷԸ񣬴֮ƷԸߵؾǡ
뵽ڴˣƷ侲һħһ״̬ԳڵħҲǿʵ
Ʒ粻ұħ״̬Ϊ¶ħ״̬̫ǿƲãԱֻܱһħ״̬ȶҾҲ㹻ȥٿء
ǣΪ˰ȫƷ绹ǻսףҪʧ˵Ļս׵ķƷͲвˡ
ʱаͷǽƷǱ޴ӣŵǣҲ˸ж벻һˣұԼˣƷȴǼҪȥǡ
һ˲䣬Ʒжؾ壬ҲΪһ̣Ʒ˵ؾƷľġ
ˣ׼ʼˣ
Ʒɫһޱȵء
ɣƷͷųǿľסħͼеÿһλλλãڵħתÿһɵħƷľѹﵽÿÿԵħֵȡ
Ʒľ磬ƷֻܽϵħѹƵħʦˮƽǿĻƷ綼Ʋá
ʱƷͷѾ˺ˮһʩħʦе˵ĳ
㣬˲֪ٵıֵԵȣƷƿסڸϵħľת
һڣɾͷǳˣǾǿħתΪڰ֮ĹˣǿȻҪﵽϵħȡ
£ƷתڵĿħǿľ֮£ħѹƵڸϵħȡ
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ʲôȫϵħܣǲܵģаͷѾȫˣؾ嶼Ϣˣ𺧵ŶǰһǿҵĲɫâ
ȫϵħڴ½ʷоǴδйģѾΪ˵еĴˡ
ʱǲɫâ֮УƷӰԵ˵ʥ
֮䣬ƺӦƷڵǷƷϡ
ʲôƷɫ䡣
Ʒ׼ȴǾķ֣ؼӿԪȻܵƷɿռ䣬ƷںΪһĸоԵ˵
ҲƷϲĴЦеԪأӿƷڡڱ־ħ״̬֮£ƷǿľٿأħȻﵽ˹ˮƽ˼ǣħȻʥħʦ
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Ʒɫһ˫һĲɫħǳһ㣬עħͼС
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̼䣬ɫâʢһޱǿҵĲɫâֱӴɽֱһͲɫʣӿһɾ޴УͨؼĸϵħעħС
ƷһԭҪȥֹģȴǾϲķ֣ؼԪѾħںΪһ壬ԼھһħĴ䵼壬ħ޾䵽ħС
̫̫˼ˣƷһ𺧣ʱħѾ첻ƷĿƣЩħһﵽӿħС
ħתʹ䣬ħĵȼϵħѾԽʥˡ
䣡
һľ죬ƬϿȷҡЩؾ÷׷ſˣֵȫصŵһ޷
þãħĳѾ쵽ˣͨصĲɫѾʧˡ
֮УȴȻƹԤʾֹ˿ĺۼ
һ£ɫâʧˣһеƽϢ
ЩؾֳĳӣһʱǶȥȴǼɵסˡ
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ɵסˣʲô仯ɾһʧ
УЩؾԭʧɫͻȻһĨ𾪣𺧵ĽƷӰĴӶ߶Ц⣬ԵģϣƷѾȫı˸Ƶġ
ǣƷӰޣʵƽԶߣڷһ㣬оƷӰ翵֮С
ûƷɹħʱƷ鵽һںΪһĸоڴﵽͻƣȻﵽ˰񼶵ľ֮
ȻƷڵĸϵħûеõͻƣȴǱԽӵŨʵҲǽӽͻˡرʵƷ絤еˮħ׳ʵһȦ
ƷĲϱƽоǳƣеĵؾҪȥĤݵĳ嶯
񼶵ľ˵˾߱˳ѾӵһϢϢڷ˵оԼϰС
˵еħˣƷ紴ȫµʷȻһƷƷ绹Ǵħʷһлʷ
֪Ʒ籾һħѧߵĻԻᱻѪ


263 񰡣㻹
ôˣʲô𣿡Ʒǰʡ
һ㶣ӽƷ磬оȴɽһľ޴
аͷ㵵ĵˡ
ˣˣƷ΢΢һЦ
ҡҲ֪һƵģǸоȴ˵аͷͷص
Ǻǣȱ˵ЩˣѾһħ޷ҵˡƷЦ
ħ󣿡аͷǲ⣬ԶǶڣɻĵûʲô仯ҪȥĻǻס
ʹˡƷҡҡͷذЦҪȴȥ߿
áаͷͷ
߰ɣҪҵĽŲƷ粻ѵ
áаͷ㶵Ӧ
еؾע֮£аͷƷǶȥ
ڶǰƷͻȻתѵСĵ㣬øˡ
аͷһ㶣ƷڶԼˣ㲻ͷ
ƷҽţǶ̤ȥֵľǣǽƵķһ㣬ƫңȻţ
ԭЩֵĶƷ˫ȫеʱ
Ȼ䣬Ʒ羹Ȼƾˡ
ʲô
аͷһؾҲסˣǶȻһڣȴǶĿƷʧһĻ
סƷ˹𣿼ţһҪҵĽŲ
аͷŷӦ˹ƷղŽ붴ʱĹ첽ѧƷĽŷ˫̤˶С
Ȼ䣬аͷҲʧˣؾľʵ̫˼ˡ
ʱ򣬵аͷʧ֮ȴһΪĵط
طƺûоĿռڣҲûоʱ䷨ܾһƬɫĹʣÿһطУȫֲķС
һƬֳĵطаͷѾȫľסˡ
ƺаͷ򶼱ջסˣĪ֮䣬ƺܿһ㣬Ųӣǰȥ
Ȼʱ򣬵аͷһ̤ȥ֮ʱ
Ȼ䣬ʱתãаͷѾһΪĵط
һƬټɭ֣ﻨ㣬һƬ޵ɫʣ˫ۣǹ㣬ȻԵãоһеķС
ͻȻ䣬аͷһƬаͷ򻺻˫ۣ㿴һƬɭУԼ֡
£аͷ㻶Цźһ
ϧЩؾаͷĽл˵аͷǵиûдڹ
ʱаͷˣһߺţİ֣һɭеķš
ۼҪɭеʱаͷͻȻһ־֮£׹޵׵Ԩһ㣬аͷҪƴȥѰſץ֮ΧյʲôûУһƬնĺڰٵ׹δ硣

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ϧһвûоʹֹͣǼٵ׹֮УаͷͻȻоһȵϢϮ
ɣаͷ΢΢̧ͷȴӾˡ
Ϊ֮УһƬ𺣣ޱߣȫͷаͷȴǿԾĸоУضᱻǻ𺣸ɵĿ
ԭаͷΪֻһþѣǸоȴôôʵԲǼٵġ
һ̣аͷ򼸺ΪԼѾҪˣı˫ۣȴ١
ͻȻʱһֻؼʱ͵Ľаͷץ˻
аͷһӸоһռг˻һ㣬Ұף亹ֱֵ𣿡
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аͷǾȵķ֣ǰƷЦĿԼ˼ľǣаͷһֱվԶûġ
аͷסˣµʵô£աղŶֻǻþ𣿡
ǣҲ㲻ǡƷŹְЦЦ
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ǺǣΪʱǼٵģΪǼٵʱˡȻֻһħ󣬵ǾйԵģղһЩģƷ֣صĻص
йԵĻ󣿣аͷ򾪵úϲ£죬Ʒ磬Ĳ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦʵڿΪħԱǵİȫ˰ɣ
аͷһ㶣ĵԣȻԣллĺܸлΪǵؾġ
ǺǣÿƷЦЦ
ˣԺڴħгأаͷͻȻʡ
ɷģֻҪѡֵε˳һὫħ߷ǡϾħϵȫİȫԱ벻̫֪Ʒһĵ
ãסаͷ˵ͷ
ˣȥǵǶɡƷ
Ʒаͷħг˵Ӱƾֳֵеؾǰ
ЩؾʱһĻѿ콫Ʒ統һĴˣΪǸоֻŻӵ
뵽ڴˣЩؾȻƷ׷׹ϵĤݡ
ƷһΣˣҴһȥɣԺ˭ҲҵˣڶĻȫģҲɵģ
⼤ĵĻؾ嶼Ļϸǲϲõˮ
ɣˣһ壬һȻڷܵ壬һֱڼ֮Уػɣɼǵжôϲôļ
ƷһЩؾһСĴЩؾħ
Щؾħռ֮ʱƷϵ֮ԽӵˣҲһ̿ʼƷڵؾߵĵλλȴһ㣬һһı˵ؾС
ԼĪ˽ʱ䣬ƷڽеĵؾԭȵĶ
صȻһеͨĶڣǣǶȻǿԿһСƷҲħ߷ԾаͷһЩֵεĵؾԺУԺҲɷˡ
һж֮Ʒ粻ɰһӣһСӰ˲ֵЩؾǰ
̼䣬ְЩؾסˣû뵽Ʒ羹ȻƾձһӦûһλ꣬ĸͷǱЩؾҪЩġ
ûλСˡ
ƷЩؾһ㵵ӣһС˵СԴ˵ǺǣΨһѧԺﱣǡ
̫лˡаͷмĵǿƷΨһѧǵȻʵȻҲǷģοǿµħء
ǣС˱ϾͯδڼЩªСĵؾ֮ȴǱסˣЩĳƷʣʦЩǣ
Ǻǣǵؾ壬İɣ˿ɱ𵥿˵òǶ壬ԺɾҪ𱣻ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ǰԺʲôҪĻܷԸаͷϵЦ
ݼ򵥵ЦݣС˽˵ؾ壬ͷһЦлл
ƷοһЦҲ˳㽫ħ߷ԾķʽС˵Ժ֮С
Ʒóһƺ׼ѺõͼֽݹаͷĵҪǰæĶǾͰķжپ͸Ūֱ´ǵʱ򡣡
аͷɻĽӹͼֽ
аͷΪûʲôÿһͼֽ֮ȷʵ׵סˣͫ׵ɵüޱȣӳƷ缫ǳݵĴе񰡣㻹𣿡
ûЩͼֽ϶ǾƷĿƼʽԭͨͨдͼֽϡȻЩƼƷԭлЩУѾǿƼеĶȽƷˡ
֪ʱаͷжô𺧣Щͼֽ󣬾Լؾļֱ֮С׼ˣʹǵؾ۷ʱҲ޷֮ƷϵЩͼֽ֮
ȻƷ罻ؾЩ֮ԺսУΪлƼҲС


264 Զʥ
ô£ûģղǹϢǴֵġ
ʱɽϿ֮УһɫӰ
˿ΪһλŮȴžգһ㶼ʵʵ䡣ɫۣͷ°׹ڣֳ־޴ɫȡ֮Уɢһ˵Ϣ
ŮչǿľɨƬɽȻ󾪣ʲôǹʧˣôܣѵˣ
֮£ŮּɨƬɽӴľͻȻϿУ־ȵķ֣ǹɻǧҲʧӰˣϿкԵľǾһҵĴ򶷣ǳǿ
ƷħΪһ壬ֻҪ̽ĻǾ޷ֵħڵġ
ߣҵýϢȥˡŮһӡ
һ£ŮӾȻƾ֮ʧˡ
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뵽ڴˣƷ粻أУԶԼʵʵ̫ˣԺ·ҲҲԽӵļˡ
ڣɽ֮ѾԼãϿȵҲѾʧɽҲͨɽˡ
ղţǹϢж£ûзħĴڣƷԵؾС˵İȫҲеˡ
ˣƷ˫ǰսⰻȻԺ󼴽ҪԽԽǿˡ

ϿȣӵߵĻȷʵҲڡ
ϿȵһߣǱһ޴ʯɽסȫԽϿȵĸ߶ȣʯɽҲʯɽ
ʯɽ£ǹĶסϿȵĳڣֻɿʯɽĵ״еѷ죬ѷ켫С˵ӸԴѷо
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Ȼʯ֮ϣȴһɫӰ
ûǴ½ʮԶѪʥ֮һ
򵥵˵һ񣬸ǻ۵ͨɫһ˫ͬ°˸ǽ۵׷٣һ˳չʱ죬ǳֱǱķԿ
Ӧ˵ֻһ壬ȫ塣
˵ԶʱڣȫǶޣڴ½֮ۡ
ʱͻȻǾ֮ϣ֪Ǿ˵ǿͣȻܹס˵ľ
ʱƺԵüʹ࣬Ǿ޴ӶΪһţ¸֮У˸һɫĹâһɶҪǸбһ㡣
ûӵǰס
ӣΪģ޷н䣬ΪڵľԴµΪģʱļ󲿷ֵʱġ
ΣԭɽյȶоԺʱ򣬲лȫ塣
ϧɽеͻȻʧڼо޷ٵõ㣬ȻҪˣֻýѻˡ
ȻΣգûбѡ
ʹ࣬µʹ࣬ľҪʹ׳ܡ
͵ģͻȻ쳤ХתþҰ˷ĽƬɽ޳
ɽеаߣ¾ǰĴ˾ͲȥǣҪΪصĴۡ
ڣʯ֮ϣһǿҵⱩסǾ޴ӡ
ϡɼ£еɫĹţӷ˿
ģһľǳѨУ˸ǿҵ⣬ɢһɼΪµϢǿľ
ƽĳˣиеοȴǼΪƣۣ̽Ǿ޴ӣǿ޴˫չʵĺǻǿһ˫ĽۣȴޱȾĻܡ
û취ʱģ̺ľԶһʥ˵Щʥޣͨħ޵õ˵䵰оҲ̼Ϊʥޡ
񣬿ɱǣΪɽеߣȴеҪõ
ͻȻʯɽµѷ֮УһɫľӰԳ¶һѪɫ⣬ŤǾ޴ĳӣѷζ˳
ˣȻͬԶʥ֮һʥ޺ߡ
ߣͬǳʥޣԽƻգĿǣΪһֱǼצеǿʧȥӣԭȱצơǺΪ˱ߣһֱѷǱꡣ
ΪʱǺȻŹѵõĻᣬܵõǿĻ˵ܵõء
ˣǵĶԹҲ˽˰ɡյǳѪɫͷ¶Ƿļ
ٶǺڵϢǾ޳ӣȻʯڣǱڻһ㣬Ӷϣһֱǳӣ¶˼µ̰
ܳɹģǺѾߵһĸ߶ȣͻȻ֣йǿϢ
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飡飡
һǼӲľбɢ˿ΪĻ㣬ڸһ㣬һӰ춼ûС
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ŭû뵽߽ħ޶۸Լͷˡ
һȻչ˫գ˫ǿһġ
֮䣬Ǿ˫Ĵ֮£ȻγһǿǾ޴žȻֹסˣ޷¡
һ裬һһʵԵɫһļǾ޴С
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һâ˲Ǿ޴ţĴһʹ˻еǾ޴ű㱬ըΪĻꡣ
һŭ֮ӾǱޱȵƣۣеĵǸˡΪƫƫҪʱ״أʥַĻǿɾΣˡ
ͻȻʯ֮ϣһֳĺ˳Ǻɫ˸Ĺâӣɱңھ춼ˡ



265 ھ
ǺߣǺڰе飬֪ĽӽĳѨ
ܣȴδеߵϢ롣
߽ƻޱȣǿ̫ԻᱻȻʵη壬߶ǱЩ־塣
ʱھڳѨʣʮ׵ʱ򣬺߱׼˵Ժߵٶڶʮ׵ľ㹻ֲˡ
סĿ꣬ǴֳӾȻЩ
͵ģವһ죡
һĺɫ۹⣬ٵһӣſһֻľ죬һȥ
ϧǺ߻ǵ͹ķӦ
һ˲䣬ͷһ˫ĽǺߡ
һܵηĳƻЩ߻ƴĳȥ
͵ģһ޴һɾǵصİȥ
Ǿʵ̫ǿˣһǿмаУϮǺߡ
飡飡
Ǻͷϰţֱǿѹš
£߱Եһӣһǿҵɫ⣬ڵڸ߿֮Уһֻ䶢
һǺߣһղŵһȻյչ˷ڵȴĵԽԽء
ߣʲô˼֮Σ𣡡
ȻΪ˳֮Σߵĵ
۹һ裬мߵĽѵѲ㻹ŪϹһֻۣ
⻰߷ԽӷŭߣξΪǰ¶ձŪϹһۣҲߣǶʯɽ£꣬Ϊþǵȱһ̣˭ôȻҵ
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ЦΪҲ֪ʵһ㲻ɣ߷Ц
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ǰĸ֮ģޣԼĺӣʼնһ˽׵İ֮ġԭķٶȣȫԴߣڹؼķʱ̣ߣԺߵٶȣҪ׷ĻҲֻʱԵ⡣
ڣֻƴȫϣܹɱߡֻҪȥвɽЩСɫɲطˡ
ϧǺߵĹʵ̫ˣ꣬ߵʵҲǿƳϣֱ
ԽӵأҲԽӵĽХһ羪ףʯ嶥ϵʯƬ䣬±չĻЩʯ飬ֱǺߵϷȥ
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һƱˣǿЦģȥĻĲʡңʵҲûǰǿᣬҲ֧Ų˶á
뵽ڴˣһݣһˣһҪˣ
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ⲻ֪Ǻ߾˵Ľƻ֪ж㣬ӺϺ£ң׷׶ܹЩĹ
ŭֳХ˿ʯ޴Щʯ˺ߡ
߻Ȼ壬ӿٵ򳤿գβһɨžʯǱǾβɨ˻ȥ
һ±סӡ
飡飡
žʯǾϣ㱬ɢΪһƬƬСʯ
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ǻģߵЦţһʤȯհӡ
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췢ˣצ͵ߵȥѪ֮С
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Ȼ䣬Ʒ˴סˣ˫ۺˣ˫ȭݺݵսѪ֮С
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ԭʥ޲ѰĴ򶷣Ϊ˻ӣϧƴȥսߡ
Լܹ֪һУҲͲˣƷҲһ̰֮ˡ
ǿҵھΣƷޱȵݺݵı˫ۣƺĿΪҵһĻ


266 һٻ
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Ѿ˰ɣֻҪҵõеǿҵƲָܻܵõءߵЦš
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Ǻǣ㵱ǰ׳ɱ㣬ԵõڵʥԶȫĺһ˷𣿡һЦֵߣһжǰûŪϹҵ۾ҾͲʹ㣡
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ƷʱȴԽӾˡϾ֮Ϊ̰ģһֻɱħ޶ħЩǽħǿշΪħٻޡ
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ȷҪ𣿡ɫһ˫һƷʵûеǿߣ˿ԸоƷһλħʦ֮⣬ڲκζϢֵľǣղǹǿֲġ
ƷźߣмĵвңҴû¹㣡

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ƷȻ壬ĶӶûУһΪӡ
ĻȴǾסˣǷɵߵĶҺԼñ֣û뵽Ʒ翴һ㷴ӦûС
Ȼ䣬ǶҺȻƷϡ
ˣɫȻԭϣָˡ
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ƷסĿ꣬ǿԽռһ㣬ߵĸսȵߣߴ磡
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תƷ絭ǿ־ЦǺǣİɣԱĺˣһġ
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һ£Ǿ޴Ѿ˸߿ա
ƷһεˮԽԽߣаİɣԺĺӣҲһչ߷ɵġ


267 ҵ֮
ҵ֮ǣǴ½ΪٵóУλڹ۹в̷ͨ٣Ҳ̻֮ܲ
Уģפй۹ǽǣɲƵǷѡ
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ÿÿÿ
һǰԵĿǴȺŶɢƷ粻£ҲȺɢԱߡ
ʱɼһмǰľӣеıӣžž޴һС
ԭУԼĪнλõˣ㣬˺ۣȫݲһɶʱȺ׷סӡ
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ҵ֮УһвƵ˻ԸȥһЩЩµȵ飬Щūġ
ÿһӣҵ֮жṺūгЩµȵĹЩūȫȻܣūôıˣ˾ͻҵ֮ҲūгΪͨģūΪĿ񻢼ܲҲڴˡ
ƷվȺ֮УЩЩݺݱ޴ūмǷŭľǿЩūѹԭУĵλжôĵ£ÿ˶ɵġ
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ǣʧľǣ320ȴǲˣԵЩʧ

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272 
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273 
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ɣƷһǰţűһλӻֺݺݵ˿˹
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ԽԽˣ۸߰ңǰ·һ۵ģҲһŭġ
ˣǹݡƷεҡҡͷʰ豭ϸϸƷ衣
߰ңûиߵģǿ÷˹ʦ۷֮ǽܷĺš
ǣ3Źѡ˳ˣǽܷȴѾãֻ֮ĵĵˡ
СӣҪǮĻүѹˣ·ĴЦ
ֵܣ𣿡ҲڷдЦڲȥžƷˣֶԸƷˡ
ĹرϣǽܷĳɾǱ̻ѹƷˣ
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Ȼ᳡֮УһȵϢ˲ɴ󾪣Ʒ綼Ǻȥ
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274 
ȣƷʥ̺ǿĻԪַ֮ȵĻϵħʦһϵħָ׼Ϊһǧң
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ϾôˣȻûκζûǲĻ۸ôĶҲ̫ߡ
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հǽܷ̲סֽеڣѾ۵ˣ׼λɲҪʧˣ
ߣ𣿡Ʒ簵һ
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һɳƵ𣬵ƾһըһ㣬˶סˡ̫ˣһ۾ֱʮڡ
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᳡֮⣬ƷһڹˣȴǱһȺĳǾסˡ
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ԵЩʧ룬ֻƷһӣЦ


275 ϷŪ
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ٵģ϶Ǽٵģ·ȺҲ֣˱Ʒһٵ֮ģȻôתۼֱ֮أҲʵ̫˼ˡ
ٵģƷЦЦ㽫е֮ӹ˰·ܲܿǼٵģ
·һֽӹ֮ģ±ϸ۴š˸еľǣ֮ļֱǳͬһ˵֮ʽƷħϾҲκεı׶ˡ
⡭ôܣ·ֵĶһһ֮ģʵǷֱ治١
ҿɡù֮ģһ亹ǼʶٵĿ嶼ȫֱ治١
ˣġƷһЦ⣬гŵ˰ɣ
ԣ·˶ȫסˣΧȺҲ͵Ц֮ǰ˵úģķ˿ɾҪΪԷūˡ
οô֤·Ҳ֪ĸˡ
Ȼ·ɫһƷ˵ߣСӣңһǼٵģ
滹Ǽ٣ھѾŪˣѲˣƷ۰·
ߣȾ׼˵أվ˳ǳֵĻǾŪһ֮ĳ
У򵥣֮Ҫжپж٣ƷӦôϿڡ
ȴǾסˣ˵֮Ҳ÷˹ʦ۷֮ǷҲû˵ж˵٣Ʒǰŵӣ˶ееˡ


276 ʧ
СӣЦδ⿪ˡ·Ц
Ҳãͬسŵó֮ĵĻ͵õҵūƷ絭ĵ
ôһ˵·ЩˣΪ㲻ʲôܹ׼óһ֮ĵĻҲ֪ûô򵥡
·ԥˣ̲סսǰһСӣҸһѣó֮ĵĻҲū
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УǵĻƷЦЦ
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Χ˶סˣƷһٶѾȻҵ֮սˡ˿һֱҵ֮λаԵүѹвɰֱʹ졣
ССӡ㲻𣿡廹ڲʵвţ·ȴŵ˫䶼ҺˣĻȥ˵ʲô
ʱΧĳǾҲʱĴеͨƷȴʣЩǾҳɱȥ
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ͨһƷֱӽ˸ݺݵӵڵϡ
ΧĳǾһˣŭΧɱ˹һĶֱƷŰ˹ȥ
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ٵĶâײһ𣬾һǿҵıըһƬ̳ҰűһƬģ塣
ЩǱ֮ȴǳԾķ֣ϳһը̾޿ӣƷӰȴȫʧˡ
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͵ģڿԶλŵ԰׵ˣֱӱս˹Ŀס䲱ӣŭ쵰ôΪβң
ҡҡλŵѾǴСʧˣŴϻ
սԽӷŭ˫Ŀ죬һҰޣȥɣ
͵ģսֱӽ˸ݺݵӵУͽȻ۳һǿѵɫš
ವһ
ɫű㾫׼˵һըΪƬеûˡŲԶһλˣĻȴֱ˹ȥ
ţսͷŰ̷ȫǣеĵطɷŹֻҪҵпɵˣֱɱˣ
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ʱһ˵ĽУע⵽һСС֮
Ȼ䣬ƷӰƾն֣𸮣һЦƶռʹ


277 ˲
Ǻǣսʿᣬˡ
ʱƷվսʿſڡ
Ȼ˵ΪзĴչȫѲ飬طǾԲȥѲĵط
Ǿħսʿᣬ񻢼Ͱضȥǵĵط
ʱսʿſڣԵЩ侲˽ϾҪͨսʿĵȼǷǳѵġʵĻǱıɨسš
漴Ʒ㻺ŽŲ߽սʿᡣ
Щ˸ŵĹ⣬ˣƷ羹һӰûУԽԽڡ
ƷȴǲԾȥӡ
ȻһӰ˹һֱƷұ̽ȥ
ܵһӦƷһƫƣպһ־Ȼ˸գʣ˭
֡һɳƵǺڰ֮УȻֳһλ׷ߣƷ뽻̸λ׷ߡ
ǣƷ羪ʡ
Ϸ˹򡣡ǰ׷߻ص
˹򣡡ƷһԺб㸡ֳһϢ
˹սʿϣʥڵʵʥǰλеʮλ
˹Ʒ˴ķӦʣϵϷ򣿡
ޡǡƷһЦ
˹˫Ʒ磬һɫ־Ȼ͸ƷʵǳȴԸӦƷڵǿԪزʵħʦ
ǵġƷʵĻص
ħʦ˹ɻˣƷ翴λħʦղƷȴȫκħȥģ˵ϾԼôҲһʥǿߡ
Ѱ˼ã˹ЩõʣȻλħʦĻΪҪ߽սʿأ
һйڶ鼮ġƷЦ
ģп𣿡˹Щˡ
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Ʒصĵ˵ͷսʿʵȷʵǿģַʽҲʡԴġ
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ƷԸоʯӲȺǿƷҲ֪ĵȼģƷҲûʹ
Ʒȴǵ͹ԼʵϾƷѾ쵽ʼ嶥ˣеǿᣬǻʯܵסһ
ǣ˹ȴǳ׵ľסˡղ˹ѾȫסƷÿһûʹκζġʯӲȿ֪ʦʵʹö޷ʯһ٣û뵽Ʒ羹Ȼȫʯˡ
Ʒͷһ㵵˹Ǹĵ˼ʯͷҲСĸˣҪҸ⳥ɣ
ԣ˹ŴзӦ˹ֱ˹ȥץƷ˫ۣĽе̫ˣѾͨˣϡϷԸΪսʿؼԱ
ؼԱƷһɻ
ؼԱսʿṫŵսʿսʿʮһԲսʿеκܻ˹Խ˵ԽˮѾˡ
Ʒһܳӣε˵ֻһйڶ鼮ѡ
У򵥣Ϸ˹ϲĽе
Ʒ绹ûӦ㱻˹һֳƴܡΣƷֻ˳˹ߡ
תۼ䣬Ʒ㱻˹һΪصķ
ƷһǷӣʱ㾪סˡ
ǰխСķȴǷһѵ鼮
˹ĵǺǣﹲһǧйڶ鼮ǶԭֲͬԵĶۣڸǰ鼮ɶˡ
ôࡣƷһϲɫ۾쿴ˡ
ŰɣϷΪעԱ˹Ц
СУˣƷ羹Ȼ˹ˡ
˹һ㶣ϻЦˡǱ˿ĻԻһҪƽʱ˸ҶսʿĴ˹򲻾Ļ綼֪ȥˡ
˹һߣƷһӱ麣֮С


278 ȡ쳽
սʿᣬƷⷭ˼ڶ鼮ࡣȻħȫڲһĶһЩ˵ҲЩ֮ͬġ
鼮Ҳʵ̫ˣƷҲҪһʱ
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৵һ£𸮸ƿռ֮Уĳһѵ鼮ЩЩȫĸ˹
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ڣȻѾõսʿЩ鼮ƷҲûҪˡ
£תߣһƿţȴǼ˹ѾЦĵˡ
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ңƷܳĵ㡭ʵ̫ˡ
ǱҪġ˹ЦЦˣΪҪעɹԱĻϷҪһЩϣһҪʵϣ㾡ܷģսʿڱԱȫǶ籣ܵġ
Ʒ˵ͷЦҲ֪ôԼֻܸҽƷ磬սʿѼҵĺܶϰɡ
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ƷһЦ־ǰСʵǿ̫࣬ڹĻҲ˳ˡ
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þã˹˹ĴڣԵЩƣۣɫҲЩ԰ף˫֮Уȴ˸һɼ֮⡣
ллжˣĹƷǰ
ƷοһЦסѵţҴڸЩɸκˣһ㣬𣿡
ףһһЩʣΪҪң
ΪҪȥеūƷ̾һ
ңһȻĵͷ૵ʣҡô
ԣֻҪԼ;Уѵ뿴еū㸸ĸһ𣿡Ʒ
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һģһҪúƷ֣صĵ
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Ʒ˼ãǰһλСһϰֵܣЦܣΪ쳽Ժͽ쳽ɡ
쳽귴˺ü飬ԽԽǼȻϲĻˣˣ쳽ҽ쳽
Ʒ˷ܵӣͻȻ˺ʱһһУĸ̾һ쳽֣ⱲǻԵֵܵģ⺢ĺ㡭


279 ƻеļƻ
ˡ쳽ƺ˽Լ
ɣ˫ۣȻɫЩ쳽ĿǰƷ硣
320ţ쳽춼ȥˣ
ǱǶǸȥЩˡƷһεӡ
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Ʒ֮Իصҵ֮ǣΪһЩҪĶȻˣūϵȴȫûн
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Ħ׼Լļƻû뵽Լֺ˱˵ļƻ֮С


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δ֪ϵ쳹ūԺ֮Уһδ֪ϢǿעūʶС


281 
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˺ÿ죬Ʒ綼û뿪ūʱһȥɻϵʱͽ쳽һ߻ҪָЩū͵͵
ϲǣЩҩȷʵӵżЧЩūչҲԤлҪࡣ쳽˵ѾȫںƷڵѾҪõͻƵĲ֮ˡҲ˵ڶʽ쳽ȥԸ߼ʿĻѾӵһս֮ˡ
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282 Ѫľ
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Сס޷һϲɫȥ
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ѵؽüͷֵ˵᲻ǿߣ
пܡ
ĶʲôѵֻΪ˰Щųū
ûô򵥣Ѿ˸ūˡսݵ˫ۡ
ţڴ֮⣬ɫİĦһλСū˽ֱӽ쳽Źڵء
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ˣѴĦ񣬵ɫȴ¶һ˿ǣ֪쳽֮׼ûˡ
쳽Ҳ֪αûôùˣȴһ˿η塣
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˫۽쳽ЦǺǣӦûҵİɣ
ʲôĻ;ʰɡ쳽ص
ܺá΢΢ͷʣĸĸأ
ҸĸˣҲū쳽Ļص
ս֮ʱΪθҹȻײǳѵ㲻𣿻֪˻㣿س
ѾУȻҲάߵ˶ѣ֪˻Լ쳽ص
Ǻǣūʱ򣬾û˭ȥҹ𣿡ʡ
ûУһֱһˡ쳽ص
ѣ
սͻȻվһȭһǿϮ쳽ϡ

쳽һУѪһ㵹ɳףѿˡ
Ħüͷһ壬аŭû뵽ͻȻֵǿսȥվԭز
쳽½Լܸ¶ȥղһûʹκһ˿ֵԲŻˡ
սǰһֻʽźݺݵĲ쳽ؿϣղŵ⣬ٻشһ飡
ҡûƭ쳽ѪѵӦ
˵սֺݺݵĲһš
쳽еѪֱ罦˿սĽϣҰףоͿҪһ㣬ƾǿ־ȻǼţʹĵҡһ˵˵ʲô
СǲҪˣսͻ˫ĿɱĴ
Ħһ±еˣ飡
սͷŰĦߵֹң
Ħһ亹ּˣСĲΪֻһСѣɱҲʲô֪顣
ս˰ĦãĦҲһֱͷսŽʹֵ쳽ݵһŽ쳽˳ȥ߰ɣ
лˣ
ĦмӦת˻Բѵ쳽ֱȥ
峤ղΪβֱɱСūأʡ
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һô˵СūǿϵǸղΪλҪ
ߣɱСһ嶼ûУһȫȥжϡ룬Ƕô˳깤ڰвٿءǿҲӦúͰĦһͬū뵽ʱֻҪڽǶʼʱúЩūǿ߾ͻᱩ¶ԼˣֻҪǺúʵԸ𣿡ս
ٺ٣ǿ峤ܵصһЦ
УǰĦԽԽŹ֣ûô򵥣µʱ⣬Ȱ˰ɡս
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ȻĦǷ֣ǵغѵȺʱˡ
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ǺǣҾ㣬Ϊ˺صˡƷЦЦֵֵĺܲһֲȥأ
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쳽΢΢ͷ㻽һ𵶣˫˸һǿҵս⡣
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һ̣Ʒ羹»˺£ںҹ¶һ˫˫ۣݺݵĵߣҵˣֻ
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ʱǺҹ֮УֳһĺɫӰ
ţһӴľƬһӱס˰ص֪ܹ֪֮סصλãǾǿ˵Ŀ¡
µľǣǺ˵Ӱȴһ㣬ڳзţһľߡ
תۼ䣬ƷѾڰصĸ˶鷿УȻһ֪ĽУסϵϢ
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ⰲҹУһ΢Ҳ֪ǲǹģͻȻ
£رֳų鷿еĳ˸ɭĺ⡣
Ǻ˰һѾһѶСĿס˰ء
ѵҸоˣɻ󣬵оȴԼԼһס
Ȼݵһ
ҹ֮УȻһӵ⣬һǿϮ˰ء
⣬ʵ̫ˣðĻᶼûС
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һĽ֮һ⻪һȻն֮£ȴǾֵĿ֮Уֻһ
һ֮£Ȼٵķ˿һǱظһն䣬һȴǴ˰صķߡ
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ǣ˸е㵵ľǣǹѾȫʧˣ
һ̣ǺѾֵ˳֮⣬ĺߵһΣɲǾˣ


283 Ƕʼ
Ϣʱ䣬֮ǰЩ˵˷ܣȴ˷ܲ
Դӵõˡ񡱵ľˣѾϰڿ۵ĸɻڵĶᾫúܿ졣
ҵľǣūЩūɵģҲûгǾ鿴ֵľǣĦȴʧˡ
еūܰЩ඼ϡˡ
쳽Ҳʵ־˲٣ѾԽӴˣҪҲɳࡣ
ǣҵ֮УǶѾȫǣеĹʿǽǶȤ
Ƕ˼壬ǾĵطڽǶеĽǶūĲ˺
ҲῴЩūΪ˹ȥĲɱͬ飬һǲϧκεĴۣǾ̣Ѫȵġ
˵ĽǶЩµĹ˵ȷʵһӡ
̶̵ʱ䣬ܿȥˣǶҲʽĻˡ
ʱеū͵˽Ƕ֮Уļ죬Ǳ˴˼䶼Ϊ֡Ϊյʤ֮󣬶ΪõһĽΪϷĹԱū˵ȷʵһջ
ϧ̶̵ЩūæµǽƷ˼룬ڼ򵥵ĳΪϷ˵ѾԶԶ޷ˣΪŵĸ໹Ƿŭޡ
һ죬ǶĿĻʽѾˣҵ֮й嶼ˣһЩƽ񶼺Ĺۿˡ
ϾǶܴɽˣÿһĻν׵λöȡ˲ͬݡҪǣڽǶʱҪƵĽѣ˴ڵһ쿪ĻʱǶˣսҲԵ˽Ƕĵλ
Ϊ˷ֹķڽǶ֮⣬ǾĳǾµľǣ񻢼ҵ֮ǵǲ˽Ƕ϶ԵдϿʵҲͬﵽʥ򼶡
˵ĻͽΪǶѾ߱λʥǿػɼǶжӡ
ʱеūڽǶΪײС
ز֮һټĵһδ򳡣ԽɽǶǹ㳡֮УĻιۿ̨ȴнʮ׸ߵľ룬Ϊ˷ֹۿ߷⡣ǻθǽŰ˵ڵľ޶ЩūѺ棬֮ǰפλʵĳǱĶڣǾδ֪ˡ
ˡƷأĵطΧū
𣿡쳽סʡ
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㲻ᶮġ쳽ɫһ
Ʒҡҡͷû˵ˣȴ¶Цݡ
ʱֵĽǶУУһЩ嶼Ѿ̲סڴĽˡ
һ
һϵ𣬳شӽǶҫ۵Ķվӣࡣ
ţȫȻĿȫ㼯˰صϡ
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ȫҵĿ
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Ʒ˫սеūǿľ˲˵Ժ֮Уһϵ˵Ժ𣺡ɱͬ飬Ǿڱּ⣡
λū͵һ
ȻǾȻûѡϵЩȫԳֿȭķʽӭŶֳ˹ȥ
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ԵĿսߣٷţ
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ţǼҵĺɱУʮλū͵սһš
ԭΪ˲ٵūⳡսøӾһЩ벻׵ľǣЩūûȥǵ˼һǳֿȭⲫսܿЦľǣЩūֱˣһ㡣
ô£
ǰʲô˼
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Щ忪ʼԹˣǰڵһǶĻӣЩ嶼Ҫ뿪ˡ
Щūǰ׳𣿡ر࣬˵Щ壬رԼúȤ֮ǰҲ˵ˣĻڰصϺݺݵ˸⡣
սҲһŭû뵽ǶĻĵһͷ˶飬ЩūѾ˸ˣЩȥԸЩūɣȻԺǶˣ
ݣЩūǺ֮ǡ
ţرȥ
Ȼ䣬ԭеūУȻλǱֳųϳǿҵİ׹⣬ǷսūȺС
ݣݣ
һټһƬҽУЩеЩūûӦ㱻նڵأѪֱ
ЩԭʧĹ壬ЩūǱ˷ܵĽк

쳽һŭҧ˫
ЩϵūҲûлгǱĳ֣֪ʹЩūʵǿˣЩһֱǵĳǾ֮ʱжĪĿ־塣
ƷɫȻڴ˷ŭȷʵһοЩūʱˡĴЩǱĻڵĴ֮ĲŻǿ


284 ǿ֮
˴ΣֵλǱʵģֻﵽмսʿʵԳ˵мսʿʵ㹻Ըʮλūˡ
˵ͻȻЩǱļ룬Ƕֱü
ߣ㻹̶ãսɫѾסǶֻҪһ״Ļ̿Գ
ʱʣµʮλλսֳĳǱ֮УѾʼܵڲˡ˵ЩǱһµޣԼȴԵô
ˣЩūЩǱ֮뵽ҲҪȥЩµĳǱҰףú޶־
Ʒ˫һǿľٴЩūԺ֮Уغ£ǰǵĵˣǵɣõ˵Ѫϴȥǵķŭ

ЩЩūϵѪҺһһȼڡ񡱵ľ£ʲôµأ
Ȼ䣬ԭЩūеľ⵭Ȼȫޣŵķŭ붷־
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Ҳǽкĺܼҡ
λǱųһɱ̤֮ŲӣЩū
ԭΪЩūǿ϶ᱻŵĴӡ
ǣһĻȴˡ
ͬūֵʱǲȥսЩǱʱ򣬼ֱǾһ㡣
ʱ䣬ЩūȻȻɢʰ˵Щµ˫۳Źɱ䶢λǱ
һ̣˶סˣλǱҲһ
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ǼҵĺɱУЩūиŲͬŭĳɱλǱ
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λǱе뷨еĳȻһ˸ŵİɫҲͼĶ
ݣݣ
һĺХ֮λǱͬʱһỮȥһɫâЩūϮ˹ȥ
ⲻ֪ЩūȻ㶼û㣬еǰŭֱ˹ȥ
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˶úϲ£죬Щ忴ЩūȻҲǿҵս⣬Ľкţռڡ
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ȷʵЩūڵȻҲжҲǳսʿˮƽ޷ųâǱ;ǣپҩĵĸ죬ҪʵҪǿ࣬Ѿ߱мսʿʵˣֻȱٵս顣
ǶӵžѵƣǾϱЩǱ
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ЩǱĻеĳȺһĽ⣬һգЩūѾദˣǼѪˡ
쳽þģ޲óȥЩǱɱˡ
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ȫˣҲˣû뵽óǱȻЩūɵˡ
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Ȼ䣬ʣµʮһλūŭţеѾŵòĳǱϡ
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̼䣬ȫٴλսȴࡣ
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һΣɾûôöԸˣΪЩǱѾ߱˸߼սʿʵЩūӵһҲ޷Ըˡ
ЩūоϵĲԾɾսеȴûκεη塣
Ȼ䣬λǱϣͻȻҫǿʢİ׹⣬һɿµɱһɳ磬ЩūƵıѹ㶼˰벽
Ʒ֪һЩūҪ鷳ˣȴûκεİ취ΪʱδƾԼ֮޷Էǡ
ŭ쳽ȴǿȥ
ƾСӣһǵס֮伷ȥ
ԭÿһͨжгǱפصģֻһδɵĺ֮ʱĵĶȥֹˡ
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ʱսѾʼˡ
һǿҵİâ֮УλǱѾųٵĳɱ˹
ͬģЩūڵһ̼չ˷׷վеӭɱ˹ȥ
飡
ǿҵһâ˲ײȺУλū㱻ֱײˣµλūȴǷֱǳնϵӣڽĳƬѪ֮УѪ֮С
ʱ䣬涼ˣеūҲסˣֵʵ̫ǿˡ

쳽һһСڴխС֮˳ֱ嵽˽ǶС
ͻȻ䣬˿Ȼи˽ǶȴǾסˣҲɵסˣǲҪһСūѣѵԲȥԸЩʽĳǱ
ߣСӣһ
սɫųзŭ쳽ȻûСӵʵûô򵥡
ϷǳˡƷ쳽СıӰֻоսŻĳɳ


285 ֮ʼ
ɣǸӣ
ǲѰ·𣿡

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Ϊͬ飬쳽Ȼ˳ȴԵޱȵĽ
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ƺӣ
Ȼ쳽ûӣʰ˵ϵһѽɱڵĽЩǱ
ƺˣЩǱԷŭˣų쳽ȥ
УһƬž˶ס˺еĿⶼ۵쳽ϡ
еЩūȴǷĽкţ޲óȥɱЩǱϾһСȥЩǱʵ̫ˡ
ƷȴԵú򶨣ǴЦ쳽ѾԼѾ⽣ʦʵˣЩĿޣͻƵ˵Ĳ㡣˵ԸЩǱĻͲˣ쳽Ƿѵľʵս顣
ģһյ˸ɭĺ⣬쳽ǾǿС
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쳽ѾȫΪȫĽ㣬ĳǱ쳽Ľ£쳽ɱҲԽ׺Խӵľ졣ȫշ񲻶ϵڣūеսҲ׵ļ
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ʵĽǶһֱάֵ˰ڽˣЩδķ׷뿪˽Ƕ
ţյĽǶȻôҶڴ
еūǣҲõ˷ʢͣÿһһЩƬūΪġ
Ϊ˷ܵľǣ쳽صʱֱǳһĴڣūѾһӵ˼ߵĳݵλ
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288 ūǣսɣ
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ƷûиȺӣ¶˷ܵЦݣҵһѾܾˣ


289 Ʒ
Ѫȵɱ¾ɱʽʼˡ
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УһƬžĿƷ绺ĳһɫ
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ǿľսһ̲Ҫʼˡ


291 ͻ
սʥǰʮλʥǿߣʱȥ˿²٣սʵѾǿ˲٣߱ʥڵʵҪƷǿһ
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Ʒʵڿսһ㣬ÿһʽѾ㹻սˡ
սǺ죬벻Ʒ絽ʹõʲôΪûʹκεĶʵǿô˼顣
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⡭ôܣսĿɿڴĽƷϵսףսɢѾȫ󣬺Ȼʣ𣿡

Ħ֮ҲסˣƷ絽ʲôˣʵǿ󣬹˹죬е⣬ֶһԽʥƷķսףѾ޷óˡ
ڣ˵ôˣƷƾһս׶ܵסսйοղſսƷȫ֮УڵĶĵһˡ
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ǺǣôƷ絭һЦģһĽǿ񻢼Ŷڴ½г׵İγ
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ʱоеİĦǣһɻӿƶĦɫ֪ΪͻȻ˿µǱƵ߷˿𾪵еĽǶ봦Ȼȥ


292 
ȵϢǻɽ緢һһ޴ĻͶȵϢϮȫǣȫ˶е͸
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𺧵ľǣһЩâʱ򣬾Ȼ赲סˣĻ纣һĳɢ˿

һƬҽΧĳǱֱӱЩ˸ȵϢ֮У׷׻Ϊ˷ĩɢ֮䡣
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սԾĵɴ˫ۣһԾֽųסѷƵǿϢ
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Ǻǣ𣿡޶ִƷ粻мЦ
սֱҪˣһĻı˫ŭ˸˫ϲӳȼһǿҵĻ棬սӻıԾ˿
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294 
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295 мں
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ⲻ֪ŵľǣǸ߿֮УƷѾȫû֮ǰʹ࣬һƽľδ˾
˼ľǣƷ֮ŹһһʥַӡǹһƺѾȫƷ磬ǻһΧƷĴţ֮档
⡭
˾Ŀ࣬ƷһĻĻʵ̫ˡ
ԣڼƷΪħţһȷʵ鴫µľǣƷ粻ӵſֲȫϵħϵ似ȴԽţټеһ˼кβѡ
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298 ʥִ
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أҼסҷﻹκһūҶҪĦһ˦ֱӽظӷȥ
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ҵĿһҿ԰޷ɵģģҶūûκζġƷص
˵𣿡Ħ̲סʡ
Ʒ磬һˡƷ絭Ļص
ʲôƷ磿
ĦȴǾסˣƷĴڴ½׹û뵽һ㴫˵еĴڣȻֵǵǰ
ƷĦһȵӣȤЦǺǣҵ治С
Ħһ㶣ɻʣƷ粻𣿶Ϊڼ
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ǺǣԲġ
ȻǡƷսȭͷ޺޵ĵҸûбڼ壬һһĻȥģ
ҥԶѣǶ㡣ĦһЦһ֣صĴƷļϣЦǺǣ㿴ҵĻֵܰɡ
ҶϳԵĻҲõֵܡϳҲվǰ
ֵܡƷͷûֵˣƷ¡
ԺǾͽɡĦЦ
ôУƷ羪ǲʵģǵͱҴԺҴ磬ϳΪҶ硣ǿɱܾȻҿˡ
ҰĦɲͰ׼˸ˣȻλǿܡĦһЦϲɫ
Ǻǣ֮ǰв֮¡ƷǸһЦ
ֵܣʲôĦϲƷļ
ˣǸ뿪ˡƷͻȻĵ
뿪Ļֲе鷳߰ɡĦĵ
ٺ٣ءƷƻһЦ
Ħ˲⡣
ƷذЦǺǣֻҪҴĸλжԶľɡ
Ħ΢΢ͷϱߵķ򣬴һʮɡ
һʮƷһô˵Ļǵܵһٶľ룿
ǰΪ£ǿ滨˲ٵĹءĦص
ƷһϲܵĿôĻԺܹԺú÷չĻܹռµ硣
뵽ڴˣƷЦǺǣھʹ뿪ɡ
ĦɵɵĵͷƷ絽кΰ취ǧ˸ߡ
ʱֻƷ˫ۻϣ֮УֱһǿâǿľڽУ͵Ĵһߣ
䣬˱ޱȾĸоԼڵĿռ侹ȻĶˣ
ʲôռȻԼߣ


300 ħ
ƶռ䣬ͬһȡߵơƷľ񣬲ٿƶռȻ֣ٶȷɳ۵ļ졣
ŹãƷͻȻ˵ˡ
ˣô죿Ħһ㶣ȻƷĿɸ˻ɡ
ϷһʮûɣƷЦʡ
ûĦɵ㶵ĻӦһ
ǾͶˡƷһЦͻȻһ˦֣ͽȻһǿ֮˻δӦ㱻һǿ˹ȥ
һ̣֮䣬˱㾪ȵķ֣ԼѾһȫͬҵ֮ǵĵط
һУɱЩ˾ëȻĹǺ֮С
ԭ䲻Զ֮һƬӴĺɫɭ֣ɭ֮ϣһģĺڹ⣬ƾ۵Ļ޷ɭһУ֪̽ܵһơ
ЩūƬڰɭֶɾðԾ壬ĦȴȫɵŲˣŵǰһֵĺɫɭ֡
ûƬɫɭǱڹ۹ڰ۹߾һƬɽݵɭ֣Ϊħ֡
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ԣһ˵Ҳû˻ѡħС
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ĦƷ˼ˣ˸㣬ħа齨һɲСΪħӰ֯ǵϳˣвٵĵء
ǾȻħ棬󵨡ƷȷʵòҪһһΪյĵطȷʵǺܲס
ǺǣΣյĻǻܲصס𣿡ĦȤһЦ
ȷʵħ־ѵȻϣܲĻȷʵǺܰȫ벻׵ľǣǵôȥģʵڽħҿɶұ֤Լᰲȫ
ǺǣԴӸĸұūгǱ˳ȻƬɭһֱħϵ۴ҲҾȻħдԿޡ˵ҶѾǳϤˣҵһȫ·ûġĦЦ
ƷȴǿԸоڰĦЦȴǲ֪жٵĿɬᡣСȻħֽҪ˰뱲ӣ֪ܵÿԲǳġ
뵽ڴˣƷ粻ԽӵľŰĦ
ˣȥɣҿһҪ㡣ĦѵΪ˷ֹӣÿһ飬úõĸǰߡ
˵˾񣬳Ⱥ˱˳Ϊһ飬һʼŰĦһħȥ
һУһϮǴ̹ǵĺ䣬ֱӷǰ죬ɭ֮ȴԵޱȡЩľձ鼫󣬺ɫ֦ҶȫڸסգɭֵĴһɹɺɫ۸޷
ѹ˵ĦرˣԭħУֱǽ˵ħһĻ˵Σա
ʱ˲Ϊһйɵ·ֱɭ롣µӣͷǰĲߡ
ͻȻ໵һ죬Щūŵһɫ䡣
£ħʵܼ򵥵ģֻҪȥǣҲǵġĦͻȻ˵
λ߰ɡƷ˵
£˿˿η壬ǰС
ƷأԾ֪̽ħ֮УƺиµħħµĵطƷ񾳵ľֻ΢΢ѣ֪صħжôĿ£ؾƷʵһħУҲôˡ
Ħ磬ͨܵ𣿡Ʒ̲סʡ
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ƷһɵúķѶٵʱԴܵȷʵõĵǳãʹ׷ɱĻֻҪܵصħ֮Уǻ˭ҵõĦȺˣֻ˵ܵʵ̫ˣѳ
뵽ڴˣƷֲµ뷨ܵҪԺúõġ
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ǲҪķӴԴҴ½еū٣ܲܽеūϾԴʵ̫ϡȱˡĦĵ
ҵȻпǹ˵̫⣬ʱܳ㣬ڵʱôЩūˣǰڵĻҪЩūɶЩӣҿаڶʱٵʵƷŵĵ
Щūͽˣھܵ¾ȥɡĦ˵ͷԴӼʶƷչֵ֮󣬰ĦѾƷǳˡ
ֻЩūǿŻиϣƷͷ
ǺǣʶǶԵġĦ΢΢һЦ
ѡҲǶԵġƷĬĸһЦ

ʱͷ
ڣǴƬɭɭħ֡
û뵽ľǣħ֮УһƬ޴ɽ֪ƬɽӦħֵ֮УɭܰΧɽ
ͨɽ֮ǰȴŹžͿǰ·ΣĪĲ㿿
ǵˡĦͣͷλغ£ŽȥͶˡ
˵꣬ĦֱӴУЩηĸ˽ȥ
һȥ赲ɽ·ĽһĶ֮С
ֱ߾ҵ·ˡĦ˵
Ǿ棬ںƷǿľҲ֪֮̽붴֮С
ⶴͨµģԸоһɹϢӦҲкüˡ
ʱѭŶֱߣ˰ʱͷڿԿЩĻ⣬ڶҲࡣ
δڣͻȻӰĵ˭
ңĦһ̤˳ȥ
˽Ȼһűϲĺţ̫ˣǶǶǻˣ



301 ħ
߽˾̾ѵľǣû뵽¶֮Уһ޳ǰĹģÿһξ֮䣬ʯ֧Ŷ
ʱĦѾ߽˶ǧ˽ռ˶һСֵĿռѡ
ⶴ棬˾ڹƽŮٽУһЩͯڶˣҲһЩפء
ⶴ涼иͬɫΪɫҲǳںڰеԵʣںڰе
ʱǶ˶ϲΧ˹
Ǵˣһλ׷ԲԵߴȺмŻ˳
ǺǣþòĦһ˿Ц
߱ⶴΨһħʦϵħߣµѾﵽʥʦľ磬ɼ¶ܹﵽ˹ģҲǳڵְ֮ɡ
ɣ˰Ħˣüͷôôͻˣأ
ǺǣӦû·ϰɡĦЦЦϾڽǶжĳڱ٣һЩֻܱˣٶȵȻǱȲƷƶռ䡣
ܺãȳ˰ɣ򼤶ŰĦЩվū
ǰȳˣܵİĦ΢΢һЦ
ܣһ㶡
ûĦһЦƷ˵λƷ磬ԺҲǵ
Ʒ磿
һǵһȵĽƷ磬ƺǰƷ͸һ㡣
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˵ţ㹧ĳƷһǱʾǿߵһ𾴡
Ϸʦʵ̫ˡƷܳĻص
ˣ޶ֵأôϳͻȻʵ
˼˵һôжǾȻˣϷ϶ˣھħءЩֵĵ
ǿΪˣû취뿪֮أֻ´жиˡĦεҡҡͷͷԶϳ˵ܣЩ¼ĵ־鷳ȥˣȥħ
ӻо֪ĦѾϿЩūȻԳǵˡ
õġϳصЩūЦλɣһǰסĵط
ЩūϲԴⶴ֮󣬾Ϳһˡ
ЩūŶϳ׷׶ȥϾ漰϶࣬ҲȥæΪЩǧ˰סˡ
˶ȥĦͻȻ̾λܳɫħʦҵҵĸһ
ȷʵƷʣϷʦôʶģ
ħֵʱ䷢ֵ棬ϻ˲Сˣҳ־ԺǾΪʮ֮࣬࣬ûĻҲûڵңħӰ֯Ҳ޷ɹҺԲǽֻǸжͬһĸ顣Ħ͵
оĳĺܹ㡣Ʒ΢΢һЦɻʣûʱ򵽵ô˵𣿡
Ȼʹһֱûشң뵽һʱȻҵġĦ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʱ쳽ͻȻ˹Ʒʺʦ
Ʒعͷ쳽еЦ쳽һֵĺܲǳ˲١
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Ħ쳽ȥЦǺǣ⺢ӿرڽǶʱҾͿıˣû뵽ССʵôǿ
һڷܵĺӡƷοĵͷ
ԺҲһǿ󡣡ĦЦЦֵǺǣ߰ɣǵħܸȤġ
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Ʒɻ
ǵġĦЦħĵطĻЧԻǿʮϡ
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͵ģƷɫ䣬ûüվǹȴȻݵĻѹ˹һĴƷľ֮С

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Ʒ߳ͨʱ򣬿ǰһĻȴǳ׵ˡ
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·ľͷһģĵ¹㳡Ȼγɣ㳡±һ޴ʯ֧šڹ㳡ʯ֮ϣе޴ͼӦһħ󡣸µľǣΧŹ㳡Ĵұ֮УЩ͹ʯһδģ
ħˡĦͻȻ˵
ƷŷӦ˹ʣ磬ǵôطģ
Ǻǣǿܵʱ䷢ģȻܽŷħȻĻǵʵҲô죬ǺЧġĦЦ
ҾﲢرİȫƷһء
ҲǹûطĻħӰ֯Ҳ޷Ħεĵ
Ҳǡ
ǹȥɡ
Ʒ˵ͷſʼע⵽ħˣڽżҵĴ򶷡
£ƷŰĦ·
ԽǱƽħƷ㾪ķ֡棬ȻӵųԽеʮϢҲԶ硣
ѹ˵Чǿʮϡ
ʮŨϢܲǿˡ


302 
ʱħУһȺڽеļҵⲫս飬ֻнָſ˲Żֹͣⳡ
ݵ㣡ٺݵ㣡øŮһ˿ɲκηɵĻᣡһλš
ڣЩڶӵϣֻּڵȫȥĻŶ֡
Щ˵ȴˣΪһôжȴҪ似أ
ͻȻʱһϤ˹޶ֵܣ

һѭȥĦЦĴλİ˴Զ˹
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ˣҾͦõģֵĻ޶һǣ޶ݺݵЦ
ʱƷϸĴ޶ܾ˵ĳǸȻֻǽʼ۷ʵƷܾô˷ǳ򵥣ȱ˽⣬Ǹо˵
޶ҲںĴƷͻȻֵİˡ
λǣ޶סƷʡ
ˣ˽ܡĦƷЦǺǣλڴ½ʢ֮Ʒ磬ԺҲǵ
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ָ̿ɲҵô˵Ҳǵˡ޶ЦƺԵЩ̵ζ
޶ֵ̫ˡƷνһЦ
޶ֲƷ磬Ц֮УνǴ½һţħӰ֯ļ룬ɷһСС󣿡
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ǺǣǴ½еˣܵõָĻҵΪ޶Ц
ʵ˶Ѿˣ޶ֻΪƷսѡ
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Ǻǣ˴˱˴ˡƷ絭ȻһЦȻ䲢η޶ս
⻰ڴеĵһƷʵ׻жǿ
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ʣһųʥǿľ簡û뵽Ʒ赭дĽָͷȫƽ޶ȫһʵҲʵǿ̫̬ˡƷ翴ôᣬʵȫͲȡ
ܣ⡭ǲܵģ
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͵ģ޶ͻȻڳһ֣ƱΪȭȭͷгǿҵɫâڵжӿȭͷ֮С
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Ʒüͷһ壬ȻһȭƷ˵ʲô޶ľٶȴƷΪ
ģƷɫһӭֱƣɫȴþ˼һ
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һ죬ȭƴΪģ𵴿һǿĹ⻪
޶ֱֻһ飬һǿ壬һ޶ڲѪȴǸƵ˼
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ʱȫȻֵĶƷ磬Ļʵ˱̬£ֱϰС
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޶ŴӾзӦһľӹֵлˡ
ʱĦ˹ûЦǺǣԺ鷳Ļ̡ܿ
⻰˷žӦϲĻš

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һ̣ƷѾȫЩŷˣԺƷħӰ֯ˡ
֮£޶ȴȴǲ֪Ѱ˼ʲô


303 Ʒָ
ⱦâ˸һԻ͵Ĵʺɫĵ̺һ޴ֵɫӣʱ̶һׯϵϢݴ
ǹ۹ĺͳ֮أ
۹ڹ͢ıӻ¶ڣӴĹ۹֮У͢ż󲿷ֵĹͽڹ۹֮Уͬ͢һĴڣһڹ͢Ҳֻһˡ
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ͻȻһʥİ׹ƾն֣հֱ֮С
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һˣе˶ǹĹӣ۶վӣһǰŮӡ
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ûǰλʥŮӣǴ½Ϊ羴̻ά˿
ά˿ͷüͷۣЩҪʧˡ
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ԣɫԽأϾ۹еūгǷǳԾģʣǽ̻ʿɷҳЩͽڡ
ȥ̽ҵзԲ֮޼Ӱ
⡭ôܣѲǶʧˣ𾪣ЩԱ˼飬û뵽һڵĹ̻ʾȻѰЩССͽ
ά˿һ䣬һԵĶͽɲ򵥣ʵɲ⣬Բɳȥ򲻿롣
Ѿв˹۹򡣡
˽ƻޱȣھ޷Ѱǡ
ǽ̻к⣿
ߣūгά˿ĮĵЩͽΪūֻҪūгЩܹסЩͽ
û뵽Ϊ½Ů񣬾Ȼ˵˳ªĻ
û취ά˿ѾоԼͳελܵвά˿òǰʩ
Ǿ̻ԣڵūгһһ۹ǱһЩ֪Ķͽͷˡ
УʱڣǿǼķֻҪһб䶯ʱ㹻Ļо£ά˿ĵ
ã´һоͰн̻ˣ˵
ģЩͽһúóͽġά˿һžգȴǼгĸһ֮

תۣҵ֮ūĶ֮ѹȥ졣
Ʒһֱڵ¶УЩūǵ֮ҲѾˡ
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ǣһߵ֮УȴһȺгˣǧֹ죬׷ױ˫ۣһ㣬ϥ
ƷУ˫ۣǿľЩūʶ
ȻħУƷ粻Ծȥ֪̽ȥַħĻǹδ֪ҲƷչģƷſɺܰȻĶЩūо񴫵
Щūܵǧ֮࣬ЩūǵƷҩĸ壬Ѿ߱˳Խ츳
ƷǶЩūϢ֮Ĺ䣬һЩʺ似֪Ʒԭе似оԶʤһģЩū֮츳ΪһǿľǾûġ
޴ŲĻֱ˷ѣ޶мƷǡ
ҲǾú֣ӵиħƾԶԶģֻΪޣʵŻø졣
ڣƷЩūȷʵ˴Ϊ⡣
Ʒǿʵ޶ǶǷǳģȻȥƷȰʲô
ֹȥ죬ƷЩūȻԭزԲȣһƨûš
Ȼ˵Ʒʲôûʱ䣬ƷǧūɹĽ˾񴫵ЩūȷϢ֮Դٽա
ЩūԭūжƷ簵ָ㣬ʵ⼸ָУЩū϶Ѿ̵мʿʵвٵūͻƵ˸߼ʿľ磬쳽ҲȹĲ֮ٶѾǺܿˡ
һȥˣ޶Լħ
ɣƷȻԭһ֮ȴΪ󾪡
ⶼˣ˵ūǲǿžޣҲĲԲȣӾԻŲȥ
ǣЩūȻ治ɫκ˶ˣѲƷر֮
һ̣˶ʼЩĶˡ
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𣬷׷ܽħУΪѡȡ֣һƬнżҵĲ
֪ǲ̫ˣƷ˫ۻ˿˵Ӱ죬ˣʵսˡ
Щū˵Ʒѳе񣬼Ժжδ֪ʶǿ似ЩūѾı۷ں޲ÿҸֺúõսһˡ
Щū׷˫ۣһݵ۹Ʒ硣
ģ޶ҲֹͣƷǱȥ
Ϊһ飬Ҫٶѡȡöֻ֣Ҫ˭û˵ȥǺͻأƷ˵һ
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£Щūٵվӡ

ЩūʼˣƷ˵ĸѡȡ˶֡
ͣ
Ʒһǧū̶̵ӱĸѡȡ˶֣ѵصľӣվ
޶ǿĻȴǴΪ𾪣ɱ޶Щ˻ҪЧʡ
ֺ֮쳽ж˳
쳽һ㶣һֻԼһˣʣʦأ
ĶҡƷصǿЦӡ
ʦҡ
ȱ˵ɡƷ绽
쳽΢΢ͷߵƷǰȴǲ̧ͷƷ硣
ţƷ糯˵ˣھҸʾɡ
£˱ĿƷÿһ޶ҲɵɵƷߡ
޲ڴΪƷʵսֻʲôأ


304 ر
ʱĿע֮£Ʒ翪ʼˡ
ɣƷһ˫⿪ͨȻ΢΢¡˫ȭսƣżŲŵ򿪡
Ǿ棬벻Ʒʲô˼⶯Ҳʵ̫ѿˡ
Ʒԭ֮ǰŻν˵Ҫѧǿһʱ
ΪƷ绹һչʾ
û뵽Ʒ羹ֹͣɵŵ쳽ĵ쳽ҸղŵĶһߣҲϸţ
ޣ쳽˵ͷƷһ顣
ܺáƷĵͷţ֮ߣȣڶİաЩȻƼ򵥣̺ĶľǾĪôġ
Сˡ޶֮ԱǣЩҲǶƷеʧΪƷ绹ʲôرʵսˣԭСϷѡ
ЩūͬоƷ񣬶ԺлõƷǿǴԶƷÿһ仰ŷǳϸġ
ˣһˡƷѵ
һ
һֿʼƷǱȥ
ⲻ֪ƷȻһĿĶ
ȣ׼Ŀ꣬Ȼʼȫȭ
Ʒһ˵ţһڵϢ˫ֱȻһȭһȭĻȥ
ϸȥĻɾȵķ֣ƷȭʱӾڵһ㣬ûһ˿ҳȭĹ켣ȫֱߣƫƣÿһȭȫͬһ켣
⡭ʲôȭ
㵣Ҳ̫ʧ˰ɣһȭһȭĻնЩ򵥵ĶԵ˹κεв벻ƷϰЩū⶯кá
Ʒᣬ쳽ʣҸղʾĶܷʲô𣿡
쳽һ㶣ΰĵ쳽ס
ǺǣģȱٵľǻƷ΢΢һЦһָԼؿڣǵģǺܴҲҪһλͰҸղʾĿ꣬ȫҵؿڡ
쳽һæֵԲУҾԲȥ˺ʦ
Ǻǣ˺𣿡ƷҡͷһЦţһɣóȫɣ
쳽ԥ˻һҧĿסƷؿڡ
Ȼ쳽Ʒϰķ𣬾Ŀ꣬Ȼȫȭ
ȵһ
״̬е쳽ȫȫ;һȭݺݵƷؿС
һ
Ʒһ쳽ȴǱ˺ü֮Զ
ʦ⡭
쳽ĶƷ磬ЩūҲˣ쳽ʵǿɶǼʶģû뵽ȫ֮£Ȼȫ᲻Ʒ硣
޶ǲôΪһСӶѣʵǿƷƳҲˡ
ʱƷ糯쳽ЦǺǣ˰ɣ
ˣллʦָ㡣쳽ľϲ
ʵղƷûʹκεǽڵƵȫƽ״̬о˶Ѿʵǿˣ籤ݣɶҡ
ͰŸղĶɡǵãٽıѭûʵŻǿƷĵ
쳽ˣ
쳽˵ͷһȭһȭϵĻоڸսһ㣬ÿһȭȫˡ
ţƷ糯ЩūųˣΪһ飬ҸղʾķʽȫȥǵĶ֡ţһҪȫǵĶ֣һȭΪ׼˭ˣ㽫ܵͷ
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һס
£ЩūǱ˷ܵƷʾķ˴ŶԷѾİѶԷΪ˶֡
ˣʼɣߵ˿ʼȭƷһ
ţһƬĴ֮죬ЩūѾȫԼĶֻһȭ

һĲҽУūʵǲã㱻ȥˡ
ƷɫһĽеˣͼվݺݵĸǵĶһ
ɣƷĻ̼ЩūĶ־ǰĶ֣ȫһȭ˹ȥ
ÿһȭȥܻ֮һƬ˵£ǿ־붷־ǻվԼĶ֡
ߣģ
޶һͷԼµֶɵסˣɫһŭǶڸʲô򣡸ҺݺݵĴ򣡡
Щ˲žӦ˹ŵһ亹ŷҵĲǻǻʱʱƷǵһߡ
һ죬죬졭
ʮ죬ʮЩūǶڿţȻЩ
ǣֱһսʿȫֵʱ򣬶Ҳȫ׼˷ʮĥǱ˴˼Ѿѽָˡ
𺧵ľǣʮǻ϶ûôʳһʱ䣬һʱ侲ޣħռ䣬ڵĶϵǿʵͻˣʵõ˼
ʮ֮У޶ҲƺЩūӲˣҲǷǳĿ̿ࡣ
û취һ֯Уû֮ǰƴֻвϵǿŻɵĸ˳
ʱƷһֱָЩūЧǺġ
ڣ޶ʵ̲ȥˡ
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Ǻǣ޷µĻҲССһ£׵ġƷ΢΢һЦ
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ħе˶ͣеĶ׷Ʒߡ
ʱƷЦǺǣҶͬһ֯еˣ⣬ղôսɣ
⻰ߵ˶˷ܣ־һ̼ˡ
ţ޶ЦǺǣֻһ򵥵ĽѣǾ͸һɡ
޷Ʒص
޶һЦ漴㻽һλǿ׳ӡһѾ˽ʦʵ˵Ļ޶Ծ۸Щūˡ
п˹ʺΪǵĶְɡȻʵڲеĻͶü˳Ҳ޷ġ޶Цš
Ʒ絹νӣ쳽Ц쳽ˣúóʵɡ
쳽΢΢ͷսⱻȼ̱ս˫ȭվ˳
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˴󾪣޶Ҳɵסˡ
û뵽Ʒ羹Ǿɳ˸ͯ˹һʦһĽʦһͨսʿ˵һԽĿ´ڡ


305 ٴ
סˣ˹㵡
û뵽־ȻǸӣ޴裿
ɣ޶ʵǷЩϷˣֻһӶѣĽ
ԲǶϷƷֺһЦֵİɣ⺢ӵıֻǸеġ
ô޶쳽
ЩūԵþȣڽǶʱǿɶۼ֤쳽ʵ
ʱ쳽վǰǰĿ˹һɲںϵǿҶ־ͷ˳

޶һΪǴû뵽ǺӵϸоһǿϢ
ܵġ޶оɣȻǺӵͨͬе˶Ҫǿ࣬͸оǺκεĶϢЩūϻܸоЩ
ǺǣڿԿʼ˰ɡƷ΢΢һЦ
޶һ㶣ԣֻҲұ֤᲻ᷢЩʲôر⡣
ǾȫԸɣΪҲұ֤᲻ᷢЩʲôر⡣ƷȤζһЦ
һƷƺŹͷˣսʿУ⺢ѾǺˡ
ͷ޶ſ˹˵˹ɲ̫棬𣿡
һġ˹˫۽쳽Īľƺǰ⺢Ӳеô򵥡
ţ˱ܷɢ˿ΪÿһƬռ
ƷһʤȯհӣȻ˵쳽սǷѣѾȹ̵˵Ĳ㣬дʦĴڣԸ˹ѾԶԶ㹻ˡ
ͽˡ˹ĸ쳽һ
쳽ͷھһ˫⿪ȭ֮䣬һ򵱹Ī֮ƣվУպձ
ߡ޶м
ļȷʵѿٳ˹һȭܽ쳽ˡ
ȻҲ޶Ϊѡ
˹һ㶣ʣ׼𣿡
ʱԡ쳽˫˸һǿҵս⡣
ҿɲˡ˹ɫת䡣
͵ģ˹һȫȼǿҵɫâΪģӿһǿˣһɵӡ
쳽һ˫˫εס˿˹ƣ޹ɫȫȴǶһǿ
Ǻǣһοδһ磡޶ЦƷȴǺ޺øС
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˹һ˫أȫ̹⣬ʮϵĸ֮£˹ȻǼɣŭսȭͷƽ쳽
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Сˣ
˹һӱֵ쳽ǰһȭȭгǿҵ̹⣬һӲһ㣬˽˲ֱ쳽ؿڲλ
һ̣˶ס˺ĿһĻŲ̣һӶѣõº
ˣ޶һЦ
ʱɫ쳽͵̧ͷһ⣬һһȭֱһֻȭֱƴ
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һ죬һǿˣȭ֮£ɫâǱɢ˿âֱӽ˵֡
ɼǿ֮У˹ֱֻǱ˺һ㣬һǿֱڣֱΡ
ƵһУ˹һҡ˼𺧵ĶǰԶСӰ
һߣ쳽Ȼԭƣ˫ȭջأһᣬԵ֮ϡ
ʲôⲻܣ
޶ľ֣ŵĶ쳽
쳽ֽ˲١ƷԵһЦ
ʱ޶оһ㣬һɵеĿ˹ȵ˹ڸʲôǽȫ𣿡
ģ滹꽻
ţ˹ɫһ䣬ýʦǱһܣҲǹȥвɵȼս⣬һֳǿҵɫǿ⣬һοȫ
ƣ쳽Ȼ壬УĿȻſ˹
ɣƷͻȻ쳽óˡ
쳽ͷһ㶣Ȼͷ
͵ģ쳽ٴսȭͷż΢΢һɳƣһ׼ȫˡ
Ȼ˹սĴһ֮ƣаһɾ磬ڵı쳽
תۣ˾ȵĿ˹ֳ嵽쳽ǰһȭݺݵ쳽Сȥ
һȭٶȻѾȫ֮ǰǿǽʦȫ
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ಣ
һȭٽ쳽֮ʱ쳽ͻȻƻһƫƾգȴֺɵĶһȭ˫һţ׼õĳ͵һһһȭԱ߱ƽ˿˹ӡ
ʲô
˹֣޶ǸǳԾĵɴ˫ۡ
죬Ǻӵʵ̫ˣȻޱȾյʱչˡ
һ̣ڿ˹ӳɹ԰ǰ֮ʱһȭѾ޷չˡ
֮£˹ֻܽеעķ֮У˲һʵĶ㣬ػԼӡ
͵ģ쳽һȭݺݵĶ׼ſ˹ؿֱ֮˹ȥ
һ
ССȭͷ֮У̺һһڿ˹Ķ֮УؿΪģٵĹѶǿСȭͷֱ˹ؿڣӡȥ

һУ˹ֱѪž֣һ¾ǵ˳ȥ
쳽һɫάԭļƣһȭǰֱ
⡭
޶ѾĽӲ˵ˣг𺳻𺳡
Ӹղŵغ֮Уʼգδ쳽ʹκεĶɵĽһʦָˡ
ˣһӣֻһӶѣ
Ҳʵ̫˰ɡ
ʱ䣬˶ȻסˣСӰһӾԵ˵ĸߴһӾܴﵽֿµʵǳ֮أʥ
ʱ˹վѣľ쳽ͽˣû뵽ôǿ
Ǻǣˡ쳽΢΢һЦ
Ȼ䣬Щūľ
Ҳһ̿ʼūеĶ־ԭҲǴģҲǿսʿһȥһǿĵˡ
Ʒͷ쳽Ϥ°ıӰοЦˡ
෴һߣµ޶ȴһȻСūһʦֶ״ܣѵǻе
ɣƷߵ޶ǰЦ޶ֵܣһνӦúɡ
̵з޶硣޶Ļصȴּ˶ƷԹޡ
Ʒ˵ţͻȻһϤ˹

Ħ磡



306 ƻʼ
ʱ˱ĦЦ˹ӭơ
ˣ޶һ
Ħ΢΢ͷ쳽Ц쳽ղŵıĺܲ
𣿡쳽˼ͷ
ܣֽ˲ٰһǫءĦƷЦЦ
ǺǣӦ˵Ҷ˲١Ʒ΢΢һЦ
⻹ڡĦȤһЦ
ƷЦЦͻȻʣˣ磬ôÿչˣǲܵ£
ܵѾͨеĵطһļƻĦĵ
мƻˣ޶һ
޶ֵİɣжٲ㡣ĦһЦ޶ļ
Ϊ޶˻ܸˣⲻ֪޶Ǿܾҿǻǲжˣ⼸ҷ˻໹ĵطԡ
Ħһ㶣޶ֵܣǶѾˣǵǺúóȥһˡ
޶Ѱ˼˻ɣѡʵȥжʣµһḺض
Ħǲ⣬룬ⶴİȫҪ֤ģǺðɣ鷳ˣ´οɱپܾˣȻҿɻΪΪϴεжء
Ǹᰡһȥֶء޶ֵ̿Ļص
ǺǣûоͺãȻҿɻĲĦȤһЦ
⡭޶εĶ֪ô˵ˡ
ţĦֶƷ˵ܣҺͶһȴһɡ
Ʒ˵ͷͷ쳽˵ˣԼɣǿɱȥ͵ɾܵĴ
Ʒ˵ĻһЩūƷķʽ
ˣˡƷͷЦ
Ħ΢΢ͷƷ뿪ħ
Ʒ뿪󲻾ãȺе޶ȴҲ뿪ˡ

˲ãƷŰĦһܶС
ⶴ֮УԵüΪ򵥣ڷһŴʯмʯʣϳȴѵȺʱˡ
磬ܡϳ±վӡ
˵ɡĦһ࣬λУƷϳһԣࡣ
˻ĦʮǵĵܵѾͨУжֻǸСǣСҲвٵūΪ˲𾪶ȽСūȳ
ô죿ϳһ
Ȼÿ죬ҵ֮Ƿ˶ң۹ԻԸǼǿʱҪжĻǿɾвٵ鷳ˣСбȽϺ֣ʱˣСĦ˵
˷УȱһЩϸϵ⡣ƷüͷȣӦҪЩū᲻ԸߣϾЩūɲǰڽǶʱǵȾɱǺöˡ
ǺǣܣɷģԴҵ֮ôһ֣Ѿ쾪½ˣ½еū뵽ǵӪءĦЦ
أɲǷǵĵͨƷֵ
ǰͨܵʱǲŻὫܵŪ˸ӣΪ˷ֹдҵʱܵˣҲҲǵĶϳ
κһܻܵ١Ʒһڷ
ⲻܱ˷ֲܱ٣ЩѰ졣Ħüͷ
û˵٣ֻǽͨܵĳڸ˾УԺ˵ܵЩôƷ˵
ǾֻϷʦˣϷʦὫܵεĺܺáĦĵ
ãʱھͿˣⶴﻹЩȽϺáȥ͵ϮСУҲûҪôˣҺͶżλֹȥͿˡƷ˵
Ħһ㶣ЦܵǾ˵ȥɣҲʡˡ
жڣЩСɫһӾ͸㶨ˡϳЦ
вɴ⣬ҵ֮Ǵα͢Ǳ߾Բ˷ɡƷصĵ
ˣ͢ЩαļһɲöԸǿǧҪСġĦڹ͢Ҳûøеġ
ģʵڲеĻҵĿռǿԱ֤ҰȫġƷһЦ
˶ܻⱦءĦǷˡ
ˣһһ⡣ƷͻȻ
˵ɡ
ħӰ֯в˰ɣѵʹû𣿡Ʒʡ
ȷʵСĦɫһȻ֯Ҳĵ֯ǵԴЩе֯ǺȴǱҸܾˣ˱ǶϵˣÿжʱǶƻ
ʲô֯ʵΣƷ缴ʡ
֯ںڰ۹СûڵĻħӰ֯ԶԶǵĶ֡Ħص
ںڰ۹
ûǵҪؾںڷǣħֲǺԶҲÿǵĵطԼǺǾܾ֮Ǳ㰵дͨܵ쵽ϧûȷ·ߣǾҲġĦЦ
ҲڴͨܵƷһľ
ǵģҪͨĻǼܵģʯԶûеô򵥣ҲòŷĦЦ
ΪԷһԺСĵ㣬жĻ֮бһ˱ȽϺáƷ֣صĵ
û⡣Ħص
Ʒ΢΢ͷԥ˻ֵˣи⣬Ҳ֪ò˵
Ǻǣֵ˻ʲôģ˵ɡĦƷ硣
Ʒ˼˻˽һ޶ֵܡ
޶
Ħһ㶣Ʒ硣
޶ֵǰġĦ˵
ǰƷüͷ
ǵģǰһŵųĵȫͬǶģ»вūʱħӰ֯ųãµĵֽһٲʱҺǣǼħӰ֯ħЩ˲඼ԭǸŵġĦʵ˵
ţƷֲ˳˼
ܣ㲻ڻ޶ֵܰɣϳͻȻʡ
ҲǻɣֻǶ̫˽ɡƷ絭һЦ
Ǻǣ޶ֵܵҲ֪Щɱϣ޶ֵܵһֱӵġģ޶ֵԴӼħӰ֮֯һֱҳϣ֯дС϶ǹġĦЦ
ǰ޶ֵһдҶĿõġϳŵ
ûʲôˣӦҶˡƷصʼջǷŲ¡
ƣѷȻ޶ȫְ֯еǶܵҲָơ޶ĵĻǵھװһʱը
ȻûĻǵһĿǳǣҵ֮ǲرԶЩжмҪСġĦһء
ȵȡƷͻȻ
Ǻǣܣ㻹ʲô𣿡ĦЦʡ
εжҪԵıܣ˲μжˣ˭Ҳ͸¶ȥƷ˵
Ҷǵ֣²̫ðɡϳüͷ
޷жͰ˵ȥɡĦЦ
Ǿлˡ
ףǳɹ񡣡
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307 
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ţƷ緵ħһЩ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ȻμƻףƷǾЩ񲻰ڵĻƷио޶˲̫ġĻй͢˲֣ǽ̻ʳָĻǾͲðˡ
Ʒ񼶵֪ǵϰСʹƷӵſħսף˵ܿǿһ
ô죿
ǿ߿ɲǳصģһٷĻ˵̻ʿóˣƷҪһΪȫİ취
ǿ˵ϢǷǳУһж֮УƼ򵥣ȴǴΣա
ͻȻƷһЦˣôû뵽أطӦаɡ
ţƷ㿪ʼĴѰң˶ƺѰʲô
ڣ˽ʱ䣬Ʒһ߰˺ڵĶ˻ϲЦţҵˣҵˣ
˼ݶһԵЩƷ磬ȴסˣǺôĺһҶѣбҪ˾ϲ
Ʒɲ˵۹⣬һµĻصԼĶУ㽫һĶʼоš
ûЩɶǼȼʣƷȼȴҪǿ϶ˡƷ֮ȥѰЩȼʣͻȻ뵽һֵ뷨
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ԭʼȷʵԭʼ򵥵һַõĻҲСӡ
ԭʼҪлҩƣٽȫܷ⣬״̬оװãֻҪЩ򵥵Ĳ˵Ļһԭʼˡ
ȻﲢŪЩϣȴӦʡһңڵصеһּȼʣƷѾ㹻ˡ
һ˵ԭʼҪȥȼĻҩҩȼ֮ǹ͵Ļ֮ͻȥѹտռ䡣һһ㣬עʱͻᱬƣտռ䱬ƵĻȻͬ죬տռһҪ㹻ļʵҩҲҪ㹻ķ
ڣȥȼԭʼĻǾͺ˷ʱ䣬ƷҵһԻʯƵʯͷ
ڣƷҪþҪʯװõտռУҪ㹻ĻҩҪһĿռ佫ʯ档
ʯһ㶼ǶڵģֻҪŻʯĦܲ𻨡
ԣҪƷħˡ
ʱƷһʰһŴʯһ۳һų֮𣬻ڻʯ֮Уǿľ֮£ѾﵽںϻʯȶȣǿĿƣǻʯǽİƷʶ壬ĳһ塣
ţƷ㽫Щȼһҽһ壬ȻڶһСʯס
ΣգһҪһ֣Ǿǽʯܷ⡣
֪ڻʯѾװ˺һңԻȥڻʯĻȶȺпȼʯеĺһҡ
ԣƷ粻òǻʯеȱ̳һ赲סȻСĵĿŻڻŻʯϡ
ɣƷѾͷ˺ˮÿһ趼ҪСģһһЩطղסǻʯֱӱըһоǰˡ
ңƷħ̶ǿ񣬾Ҳ֮Ƽ򵥶ΣյĲˡɹĽǴʵܷСҲȫɻʯ죬Ȼ˻ڻħ֮£޸ıʯԣֻǸı˻ʯܶȶѡ
ǳɹˣƷһ
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ħȷʵˣһǳɹˡ
ƷһȭͷСԲһĳɾ͸С
֪ƷЩҩ֮Ķ˽Ĳֻ࣬ԭʼķʽȥһԶ͵
ǵúúȥһˣƷϲһЦ
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ЩһƷҪСӳȥˣܼס˫˫ĿȻûƷ뿪ߡ
͵ģƷֽеݺݵɵʮ׿֮ء
һײڵأһһǿҵıը涼΢΢һ£˹̳
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ĦϳһȺ𺧵ĶѾˣû뵽⿴ƺ۵С򣬾Ȼǿıը֮
Ǻǣ˰ɣǲǺǿƷͷһЦ
ܣ㵽ôŪģĦаż
ܼ򵥣ǸһͻᱬըѡƷЦңȽر𣬵ȴǲСŹ͢ҲԲըϢԺжҲɷĶˣ䶴ĻҲˣ
Ħ֮ļԽƷ
ܣⶫŪ٣Ħʡ
Ҫжپж٣ƷЦ
ģ
Ȼ͸㣡ƷһӦ
̫ˣ⻹ʲôѵǣĦһĿϲ֮Ҳ˷ܡ
һ̼䣬˵Ŀ֮УƷĵλִˡ


308 ħ赮
ľ֣ǿħӰ֯ģƷҲ񻰼Ĵˡ
ɣƷֻصԼڵĶС
Ȼ˵ԭʼƷҲֻԶƤëѣʼһʱ䣬Ʒּϸоˡ
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Ȼֱը˺ԶԶƷ繹вȴǱЩըûͷݵļֱһؤһ㡣
ڣһ˷ܵЦ𣺡ɹˣڳɹˣ
ʱƷŸѹֱһĴСɰĺɫ
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Ǻǣ֪һĵġƷ΢΢һЦ㽫оõС˸ƿռУֱӱȸһѵС
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Ʒľ̽뱾Ժʱ͵һϲ˫˷ܵЦԭô£
£Ʒ˫һ֮УѪɫӡֱһǿҵĺâڵء
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һ̣Ʒ羪ˡ
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ʱƷ粻ϲıϵСʣˣ磬Сһ￴еˣҵԵĸʳЩ

һƷеСȥ
Ħ˫һɣܣϡħްںֱӽʥޣСŪġ
ǺǣҿɵãҵħɡƷ΢΢һЦ
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ˣܡĦͻȻʣղڶ
ƷװĦ˼вɵݹ˼СصЦǺǣ磬ǿС򵯣ȥԿɡ
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ĦһвɽӹǼС򣬾ñԭȵҪС࣬أӦҪɡ
ȻֻΪѡ
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Ǿ棬ŰĦϵС򵯡
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С򵯸һأһ޴죬Ƭʯڹ̳ܽ˿
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Ʒ粻˵ľߵĦǰЦǺǣ磬ǿж˰ɣ
Ħͷ˵Ǻúһ°ɡ
û⡣Ʒһ΢Ц
ȷʵǿС򵯰Ժʲôжӷˡ


309 Ŀ꣬
˺ƷĦǵ֮£ж
ڲжˣ֣λǿߣɶϳԴ죬ƷҪж
жҲȽرֻΪ˽ūѣƷҲҳе򣬿ҶֻǸгǶѣʵرǿ˽⣬ǳʵҲǽʼ۷ǿ߶ѣ׶Ը
֮ƷȲĴС˴УȻЩƽʱռħֱ˳չΣٽиƿռĸƣһƷӵɽһĵмħ
Ʒ㽫С͵˸ƿռС
СһǶħһ˫ֱ˹ȥſڱ㽫һſħʳ˽ȥ
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תۼ䣬ССȻʳ˽֮һħһڼʳУʳ˶ħСȻûһֵĺۼ
ƷɵأС𼱣Щħģû˸ȻḺɲˡ
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СƷһС˽ȥ⾪ϲķ֣СڲϵǿţӦǴڽ״̬ˣЩħǺЧġ
ߣСһ̰ģͺúɣһٿˡƷεҡͷһЦ
һƷѾ˳һЦжҪ׼ʼˡ

ڶ֮Уûνĺڰ
һ֮ܵУżɫӰ
⼸Ӱ֮Уϳվţƺڵȴʲô
磬׼𣿡һϤսƲƷӺڰ֡
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ǺǣҲ뱻ϳѣҲΪ˷жƷ׶ϳ˼
ϳ΢΢ͷĵܣʱ䲻࣬ǵÿжˡ
𼱣ȸǵ㶫ɡƷ˵ţСĽó˼ʮС򵯣һһݹ˶ϳǣһߵжսֻΪˣЩɡ
ôࣿϳһû뵽Ŷ̶һ첻ʱ䣬Ʒ羹ȻŪôС򵯡
Ǻǣж֮ǰܵгֵ׼ɡƷ΢΢һЦ
ٺ٣ⶫжҲʡˡϳһЦС򵯵ۼʶÿ˵϶ʮŵС򵯣㹻ЩǱеÿˡ
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ãԼҪСġϳ֣صĵ
ҲǡƷ˵ͷ
ţϳǰλǿߣϤĺڰܵٶȥ
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ħְ֮ڣǹ۹ʥǵڴгǣ˵󲻴˵СҲСҲܳ㣬פ֮࣬ССгҲиūֻûҵ֮ǴѣҲнһǧū
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ģϳ˸һת䣬㱻ͻȻֵƷһ
ܣ

Ʒ˵ͷĵǵļƻҪıˡ
ܣʲô𣿡ϳʡ
й͢ˡƷصĵ
һϳǿ죿ȥ𣿡
Ȼ˾ûлȥĵƷҡҡͷʣﹲжܵ
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ʮƷ΢£ƻЦǾͺúøɡ
ô棿ϳɻ
ƷһЦյ˶ϳǵĶߣϸϸ˽š
Ȼ֪Ʒ˵ʲôϳ϶дһյЦݣ˳ƷĻͷ


310 еĻ
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ǸطͨֱһֻЩЩرūж˲ٵˣЩ˵ֻЩݶĶħѡ
ҵ֮ǵūЩūҲڻ룬Ҳһе̤Щħʬ壬Լɡ
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ǲ̫˻ɵˣǿʥǿߵȫһһǽֻʣһײľ롣


311 ׳
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ĦұøǣڵĵطħӰ֯ĻأԸĻ˵ĻԼħӰ֯ǿһȥøūɡ
ԭΪЩūܾ˰ĦЩȴԵ쳣ļⲻŵ
ĦĵͷͷƷЦǺǣܣЩ˾ͽ˰ɡ
Ʒ˵ͷЩūĵԺҽָǿսʿǰǣǱþԵķӣԵġȻҲѡԼɣһ㹻ĲƸǿ뿪ȥ˵
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һӣеūޱȼվӣйѹһǿҵĶ־ѹ챬ŭ
ĦǿĻļΪǶħӰ֯ڲϵıǿ
ƷһƬūͻȻ֣ϵĵࡣ


312 С
գħУۼһȺˡ
У¼Щū޶ҲǺƷǵߡ
ЩūϾֻǳѣڳħʮϵ֮ʱȻЩãֱūѾֱ۵ڵأǺֱŴ
ƷУȣҪΪǿսʿ֮ǰͱøһĴۣҪӦ˵ҲǣǾɵվŲĻǻᱻѹ
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ܺáƷԸĵͷɻͷ쳽Ǳ˵ܹúĻԺҲһ
ƺ쳽ƷĻȭԽӵˡ
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ûʲôµĻҾˡƷתߣû߼תֵˣ¼ӽĵ־Ͱúտˡ
Ը⵱Ȼû⡣޶Ц
Ʒ΢΢ͷʰȥˡ
޶ƷıӰ˫ȭ߬ѾѪ֮Уߵƻҵļƻ

󲻾ãƷֱӱصԼĶУƾձŪһѵҩġ
Щ¼ūأҲҪҩĴ̼ܼǵǱȻôҲ޷ġƷ׼ЩҩģȻһûݣ򵥵Щ¼ūܹǾûġ
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Ȼ˵Ʒҩ֮ǾͨﶼޡƷľ㹻ǿ󣬼Ի֮ħѾﵽʥʦ֮һЩ򵥵ĵҩǿԵġ
ڣһʱŬһɫӰСɫҩڳˡ
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ЩūûκεĳɣСеĵҩſ˽ȥ


313 ̫֮
ƷһȻ˫Щūʳ˵ҩ
ҩڣֻǾرѣ޹ԵЧ
˽Щū쳽޶˶ĶЩūϣоرı仯
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ɻУͻȻ䣬ūһ
͵ģ¸֮УһɿµӿͷȫǱһȼһ㣬ޱȡ

һĲҽУЩū嵹˵ϣʹ಻ѣֽץؿڣ˫۱ͻķšʵ˴ΪһⵤҩǶҩɣ
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޶һֱֻһ飬ûüһȭƷͻȻһַ޶ؿһģƱΪȭȭͷ޶ؿŤתһȦһ޶ǰġ
һ
޶оǱһ㣬̼ȫǱסһ㣬Ȼ޷
ƷᣬһǰһŲֱӶ޶ϣ͵ǰһƣǧ֮ƣ޶˾һ׷
ͨһ
޶Ǳأľ֡
ƷһЦ⣬Ȼάԭơ
˿ĻǺϲ£졣̫Ķ̫Ĺˣ˵ĸоǴ©һƷĶʹʱȴ˸еиɻ
û뵽Ůһȭ˵ǿᡣ


314 ߾ų
ʱħУһƬ𺧡
ƷУ̫ȭıǸᲢãǹᣬȭ֣ȭȭ򹦶֮䣬Уÿһʽ֮䣬̺
ȻƷ˵Ļ£ҲûöȴǼʶ˵̫ȭ֮
ʦ̫ȭǲǸʱᣬóʱ̳쳽Դʵ
˼Ʒ˵ͷŲԶ޶ЦǺǣǸղŶ˰ɣԷͷҰ޻ǾͲ֮ӲƴӲᣬӲϣĻܶ֡
ʲôҰޣ
޶Ʒ˼ˣû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼô潫ԼΪҰޣࡣ
⻰ʲô˼޶ŭʵ
Ǻǣ޶ֵܿǧᣬֻǾٸӿø׶ѡƷԩЦ
ߣڻûɣ޶粼ơ
ȻûУʱƷϷһЦ
ҿɲˡ
䣬޶ͻȻһǿҵɫâֻӳ󲽶ǰһֻӲȭͷǿҵâƷȥ
ɼ޶ǷŭˣȻʹ˽ʼĶ֮
ಣ
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˲ɤӾһΪǰȭͷƺѾƷˡ
ƷһЦ˫һſҽ΢΢һƶڵʯУӹһƫֹֻ߰ķ˹εֿ۽޶ֱۡ
޶һ׼һȭѾٵĺ
Ʒ粻Ųæڳ֣һȦһɹӿһųһ㡣޶һȭȥǴ޻һ㣬ȭʯ󺣡
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ƷǱĨһЦ⣬ֿס޶󣬲޶ִ
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ƷȻ壬˫޶֣ͻȻһźӰ
Ȼ˱㿴˿ЦõһĻ޶һͻȻƷλá
쵰
޶࣬һźݺһţ׼Ծ

Ʒһȣֱӽ޶޶˫ۻתȦӡ
޶󾪣оԼ˫ѾܿˣƷĶȦӣ޴ӶƮƮġ
𣡡
Ʒһ˫ͻȻһȻǳתȦе෴ֱӽ޶˦
ʲô
޶֣ӾǱתϿƮȥ
Ʒվԭزֹζţɵ޶Ӳʹɵת
޶תͷۻֲϱʶûңڿһǿĶȴǲ֪ȥ
˿ĻĿ࣬ýǿߣƷоǱ߰Ū
ƷתٵԽԽ죬޶ҲתԽ죬ͻȻһıĿ˫֣һɰֱӽ޶˳ȥ

޶һУӳ֮ƣأ˵Ҳǲϵķš
Ʒ裬ȻһԾ򶯣ǿ̫ȭİ壡
̫ȭ̫ȭ֮
ȫ󾪣Щūһޱȵӣ޶Щ¶˫˸ȵĹâǿ̫ȭǳһǿҵ׷
Ϊȭ
ʱ޶ҡǿվѾֲ巽ˣ񶼲˻ҡ
޶ԺȴǼǵúղƷȭʵǹ̫ˣһ㷴ûС
ڣ˭˵Ʒ̫ȭŮȭŮȭҲµŮȭ
Ʒתžе쳽ЦǺǣڸʲô̫ȭ˰ɣ
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쳽ǼĶ˳
£˱ɢ˿Ʒվǰ̫֮ȭ֮ƻ
һ£˿ɲ֮ǰǰʧı飬ǼѧƷÿһ
̫ȭΪƷԭоȭ֮һÿһ䶼İ˵߾磬ŤתǬתơǰ֮УԼӱգǿľΪԺʺЩū
һ̣ǧڸƷ̫ȭÿһ˶ѧô档̫ȭȷʵһĶĶƽڵϢҲķǳЭĶС
޶Ҳ׷ֹͣϵĶĿƷÿһĲϵҲҪ˽ȥ
ɣ޶Ҳ΢΢˶Ҳ̲סˡ
ͻȻ޶һ˹ͷһȴ˶ƷǱߣҪ޶վǰĻ˵ȥ͵ʦˡ
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ŵһ亹˫ۻ̲סûƷ뿪
ʱһλӲĵ޶磬ҡҲѧǡȭĻǵʵкܴİ
޶ɫһǺ죬еߣҪѧĻھͿԹȥԺ󶼱ң
һٴƷ磬һҧȺ˾ȻƷǱȥֻʣ¼ǿ
ȻЩ˱͵͵վЩūѧƷĶ̫ȭ
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޶öˣԴƷ֮һֱ
ޡ޶磬أ˹ɫֵ̿վ޶ǰ
޶һͷۿ˹ˣԽŭ
Ըɣ
޶һ˦֣תֱ뿪ħ
˹޶ȴǾҳϵģϾ˹⼸˶ǰڵžһ߹ġ
Ʒ絹Ƕ޶ȥ붼νƷͶ޶Ͳ̫ΣƷ粻޶漰ܡ
ڣһظϰЩūѾ̫ȭĻţ̫ȭãҪʱĥˡ
ĻƷ絹ϾЩūʵ̫ˣҲȫ岻֡Ʒ֮ԾĵȥЩūֻΪԺܹδܷĴ½ӵһҳǿѡ
̫ȭԵҪȽϸߣƷѡһūΪһŶӵϾһūǴսгɳģԱݵĸ죬̫ȭԱȽʺˡ
ūȱҪ̣ƷϰһЩǿ󹥻뱬ȭ
νȭģ¸ĹܽһִȭǿҰԱ֣ʺЩ¼ūˡ
֮䣬ϣǿľˡ
ΪƷ뷨δĴ½֮УһɿֲūŲŵڴ½г֡


315 һĿ
ȥˣƷһֱħϰЩūȭ
ЩūȻ˵ǿƣ⼸Ŀ̿Ҳ졣˴֮䣬ʵսĴ򶷣Ѹ١
쳽ȽرרƷϰƷָ쳽Ҳࡣ
ǱĬģƷƺѾȫȡ޶λá
޶ɱˣ̿һֱԼģԴƷ֮󣬲ھȻ˳
ڣ޶ʵ̲סˣ˰ĦĶС

޶ҵ˰Ħ
ôˣ޶ֵܡĦüͷ˵Ѿüûħ˰ɣ
ߣħҵĴ𣿡޶
Ѿ˵ˡĦ΢΢һЦ
Ƕ޶һɻ
Ǻǣ޶ֵܣ֪һֱгɼһжΪħӰ֯ã㿴Ҹϰѧ˶ɲ٣޶ֵҪܹſɼĻȥѧϰѧϰ࣬㲻һֱͻʥܹ֮ġĦ˵
ߣҲҪİ޶һŶˣûʲôˣԺʲôĻҲʱˣúñչϣܹԼȥͻʥ
ҲãΪħӰ֯ѾˣǸúúȥɣϣصʱܶλʥǿˡĦһЦ
ϣ˰ɡ޶Ļתȥ
޶ȥ֮һɫ̾治֪άֶã

ӣһĹȥ
ħУҵǳĿ̿࣬ӵźħУĽչҲܿ졣
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֮ܶʵˣȭҲԽӴЩǷѻ
У쳽ĽչٶҲǳ֮ˣĲ۷壬һϵĻͻƵ˵֮ˡҲյ˵ʽٶȵĻƷ绹Ǹеġ
Ʒĵλ˵ѾȫȹرЩūƷҳϵġ
ʱħС
ɼһӰڽʵսսޱȡ
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Ʒ֪أѰ˴λ
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ȷʵһȦסƷһЦǲԸҲȦס
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ǺǣӦҲ²⵽ǵ뷨ɣǾƾͼƣǳָ췭ظǲκεūǵĿʥһ⡣Ʒ黫һЦ
ܣǳΣգʥǵʵǧ򲻿СӡϹ͢кüԶԸĦصĵ
Ǻǣˣϻпռأ򲻹Ӳ𣿡ƷһЦ
ûⱦʲô°첻˵ġϳЦ
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ƷհЦΪԷһһºжɣǻиЩʱǾ䲻⣡
ɡĦ˵ͷֵˣһҪ⣬ǾǵԴˣЩֶôж㡣
ǰǵʱдūĻ˶Ҫˡεҡҡͷ
ͰϰɡƷЦ
ܣ뵽취ˣĦʡ
ȥʳﴢҰɡƷһš
á
ĦȶۺɵĳƷ磬ǴƷ뿪ܶҡ
󲻾ãƷŰĦһ޴ʳﴢңϧصʳѾˣǧ˵Ŀ¶άֲ
ܣ˰ɣҲŷġĦε̾Ϣһ

Ʒ΢΢ͷЦ⣬ʰߵټĴм֮
ǲ⣬ĿƷ硣
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͵ģƷֱӽ׷һɽɫâֶ£ҫС
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ʱټĴУĶʳ
ǻþġ
⡭
ĦĽƷ磬ǰһĻѾ˳ķΧ
Ǻǣ˸ǣҵĿռֹܣԺǵʲóˡƷͷһЦ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ĦϲԺʲôɳģ


316 ӡ
֮󡭡
ǳ
Ϊһ޳Ǳӻ֮µСǣͨࡣ
֮ʱǳеһЩЩūһЩҲūгйӶūӻҹʱЩūŵԷūнжݵϢϾǹӶūЩҲڼС
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գ
Ʒһ˦ֱ֣ӽɵū˽ȥ
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һĶʵ̫ˣûκεļҲûЩǱĲǲڳеʥǿҲо
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ĻжɵøӽˣʱһҪȫİպãȻѰ졣
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Ʒ΢΢ͷ˦ֳ𸮣ūټĶС
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ǺǣûˡĦ΢΢һЦ
Ʒĵ磬һҶǱǳǣȻ˵Ľ䱸ǿȴλʥǿפأʥǵĻµʱ࣬һҲǽ̻ʸˣǵʱüƺˣúһ¼Ʋߡ
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ԣһһɬİĦ
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˵ͷϷ֪˴飬ϷħӰ֯Ĺġ
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򱻸жɫͻȻһϷǣδ֮ǰϷʱشκε⣬𣿡
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ллԵЩɳƣ̧ͷƷ磬ĵϷϣܹҡ
ȻûʮİգҾԻᾡΪһᱣ֤ϷʦİȫƷƽȴһ˿Цӡ
߰ɡȻص
ǺǣҲĻáƷЦó𸮡
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ԻһġƷЦһЦͷЩһãūŰĦ˵磬Щ˾ȰˣǰЩסĺͳԵģǺúϢɡ
õģû⡣Ħ˵ͷƷ֣صĵܣȻҲ֪Ҫʲô㡣
ǺǣҲ㣬ϣ˵ܹһλʥǿߡϳȤһЦ
ûһյ飬ƷǾԲȥģǵưɣƷЦһһ˦֣ڿգƷŵ˲𸮡
ЩūĿɿڴĲ
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ƷֱӴŵ޸ռС
Ŀռ𣿡㵣еĿռ̫ԶܷĴӶѡ
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޸ռ䡣
Ʒ˵ͷɰγ𽣣߹һЦݺݵһһһŨŨѪ罦˳Ʒֱкպ¶һ̵Ѫڡ
㡭ˣһ
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ţһĻȻˡ
ǲʹϴ֮£ѪھȻˣµѪŲˡ
ʱʹɢȥƷϵ˿ھȻ漣ĻָָıŮ˵ֻҪ⻬
⡭ɵľСͻȻһ㡣
Ǻǣ޸ռˣԻָܵκơƷ΢΢һЦ
Ҳʵ̫˼ˡ򾪺̾
ڿܰ˰ɣƷЦ
һ㶣Щʣܽ⿪Ϸķӡ
֪ҿԡ
ԣɫȻ̾ϷȻǿϾϷѪĵҷӡȻϷ֪ǿӡǿܽƵġ
ô֪أƷЦЦ
ɡ
˫ۣҪκεķʶƷš
ɣڤ֮ı˫ۡ
Ʒ˫һһɿµľ˵ڡ
͵ģڵȫûзʶ֮£һǿľ˲ռ˵ӡ
ڵԺ֮Уȴ粨񾳣
ûƷľѾȫԽʥȻ񾳣Ѿ׼ˣ㹻Ǳڵڵķӡеһƴˡ


317 ǿĵ
ӡзֺü֣ΪͨľǶķӡ
ӡ֣һǷӡߣһҷӡ
ҷӡǼΪ˵һַӡ֮һŲôɵȥӡסԼֻڿƲסԼȡһضֶΡ
ںرһ֣ڱӵϵڰϵǿħȴ֪ιʣȻǿнڵĺڰϵħӡһѪʽķӡַӡ֮Ǻġ
ӡ˵һΪħǿȥƷӡĻ֮ǾȥƷӡ
֪Ʒľһӵ֮ƷŻᷢǱڵڵķӡһмİȥƷӡ
ʱƷľһˮһ㣬ȫռ˵ƿȨľ磬ʱѹ˵Ĺͨý飬ҲǷУΪܵҪĪʹࡣ
ţƷľڵɨ˺ü飬˵ĵ֮С
ӡһǣΧһԲȦѪ֮ɫӡ˵ĵ֮СȻӡͼܼ򵥣ƷԸоСС̺һɿ
ɣΪ̽ǷӡƷȳâͷ˾֮
͵ģһɿµķ֮ӿƷľҲ㹻ǿʶƷľһɷ
飡
һıըڵƾеǿڵڷŰš
ȻԵһϵĽѿˣٶεĳ֮ѹѿˡ߿֮УѪֱҵ𵴡
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ʱ䣬ڵϣһֱ˸Ųɫǿ⡣
䣡
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Ʒ˫۽ŵ򣬸оһаϢӿһһԽӵǿʢ
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ʱһ䣬ʱɢһаޱȵϢ˫Ŀ죬û֮ǰƽ׽ˣҲûЦȫŵĺڹ⣬಻ϵĵһȦȦɫΡ
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ָоѾþûйˡ򵭵Ļصˡ
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İɣϷȻˣϷħӰ֯Ȼҳϵġص
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üͷϷе㲻ףΪλỳңȻľ񾳣ҵķӡ֮֮һǿҲԷ֡
ƷһЦں׼֧޼֮峤С㱻ΪڰϵħţһΨһ֮ħ˫ϵʦʮʥϧʮ֮ǰ޼屻壬峤ʧ٣һǴӴˡ
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벻׵ľǣļ屻ѵͲ㸴ˣһҷӡҾʵ벻סƷɻ
ǺǣϷӦ˵ɣû֮ǰϷʱشκε⡣򵭵һЦ
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ܵĶ֮УϳĦվϳԵýѡ
ȰɡĦ̾һгһ˿ɫҲһ˿ãȻദʮ꣬׵Լʲôأ
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ðɣǾ֮ɡĦ˵ͷ
ܵĶ֮УƷϸϸ˽š
ܹ֮ɹ


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İɶͽҰɡ޶ĵͷҲ֪µҪԡ
һоͰˡĦص
Ʒ˼޶ܾԽԽ͸޶ֵĸоƺһεǴġⲻ⣬ڡ
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ˣ꣬Ѿﵱҵļˡ޶΢΢һЦܸһֹĸо
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޶ݣһЦǺǣ޴
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˼ѾãƷ粻ʥǵķ򣬰תһǿ
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͵ģƷǾ޴֮Уһ޴һ㣬ҫһޱǿҵĺɫâ

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ţǳ֮£ĦϳѾս˳ƺȲˡ


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Сӣ־ͱߣ
һĹħ٤ŭ׷Ʒ
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ߣھ͸Ǻúˣ
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٤ȻЩԾħͷϣοƷֻһ˶ѣǿ챻Χˣľʹ˷
ţ٤ҲżӿٶȣڵĶš
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ƷĳԽԽ죬콫ħǸ˦ˡ
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ĦɫһնȥȴǾ㵵ķ֣ԼѾǿϢΧסˡ


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324 ֮
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ٶһֳŶϳӣݺݵһΡ
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ǣǿտĵ֮УԲʮȫһƬ棬һɼѺۣͨܵѾȫˡ
ǿߵһ˵ǿᣬ˵Ŀ¡
Զ٤ǹɾĲ֮£ڵأȴ֡ǿߵĹʵ̫̬ˣʲôƨʥǿߣǿߵǰƨ㲻ϡ
ܵˡά˿һɫԭЩССʥ򼶷ǲֵģƷ۵ߣά˿ޱȵķŭԾðĦЩСˡ
ɣά˿ɫİ٤һˣ˵ȥˣнħҲ
٤亹֪˵ȥ
ùˣȥɡά˿Ϊ䵭˵һâʧ֮С
٤һ㶣ֻô˵Ĺħֱ͢ķɳ۶ȥ
һеĶΣǽˡ
ǳУ˶о˳һ㣬þδܾѹ׷׳ſڵء

ͣ
ƷֱѪҡſ޸ռУѾ˿ħ״̬֮塣
ƷѾѿˣѪҲѿˡ⣬ǲѪΪһȫȫѪˡ
硢磬Բ𡭡ҡʧˡ
Ʒʹţڻ޷ȥһȥֱε˹ȥ
Ȼ޸ռ֮УһɶĿĲɫâƶ𣬻ӿƷڡ
ԭƷǲƲӣȴǲɫâ֮£漣޸УŲʹ⣬ѿѪʼ𽥵޸š
һ£Ʒ˵ʵ̫ˣʹӵſ޸ռ䣬ƷҲòЩʱȥ޸ӡ
ò˵޸ռ޸ʵ̫ˣƷǲƲϵļ죬֮𽥵Ļָţ֮ϵƷ
ɼƷ岻ǵõ޸ŵľǣƷǿڹ˸Žɫâȫڽ
ȻƷڻУʶµʹڣӾҵĳ鴤ƺڳĪʹ࡭


325 ʹ
֪ж೤ʱ䣬ƷѾȫָˣڵҪѾϣŵĲɫâҲǵʧ޸Ѿˡ
ҡû𣿡
Ʒ΢΢˫ۣһһʱԣĳӡ
΢ʶһۣŷ֣ԭԼ޸ռ䡣
ĳɹˣûûƷ緢Ц
Ʒܹǿ֮³ɹѣ԰½ˡ
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ΪƷоԼõǿѾﵽʥ򼶶ǿˡڵӿ׳ţҪͻˡ
£Ʒ˿ȶ񣬾ڵϢ
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û뵽ԼǻָƣһμĽѣƷ羹øڵĽһȦ
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ţƷϢ׽ھһѭʮ죬Ȼȫ»ٸС졣ڵǿεγһǿѪ֮Уعڵ֮ڡ
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Ҳ
ƷͻȻͷХҧгݵ͢ǸҼţһǸ

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û뵽ǱΪΪʥĹ͢ǱЩħҪӵĺݶ
ĦҲԳɹġĦЩūһЩ֮˽Ƕ˵ǰĦͬ飬ȫʧܣ˲ء
ʱĦڴŴѪǱӻ˶С
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һֱûһλʵĻص
Ħһˣʣأ
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⻰ĦѾһң˵ƷǶûĻӦñԼȻһǡ
ˣ޶˵Щ³ȥˡͻȻ˵
޶ȥˣ
ĦԽΪ޶ܳȥӦԼ˰ɣ
Ħһ
㻹ǺúȥϢɣ㿴ơ
ǰǻԻġ

˿ŰĦϵƣǵǡ
ҾǻĦִҡҡͷ±ڵأʼָڵơ
ΣֻܽػڰĦߣȥ
ֱá

һϤɳڵĶ֮УһɫӰųصĲ
Ϸʦ
һٶϲ׷Ƕȥ
ĦһµվԵüǵǽţŶлֵĺӰ˫аһ˿ϣ֮⡣
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ˡ
˴ϲĦжᣬͷ
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⻰ʱһҡ
ţֱӽĶϳСķڵء
ʱһϳ죬лһᡣ
ԭϳѾȫʧȥˣ¾һɹɵѪ仹һΣڵϦ

ܣ
Ħʹ˻һǰһĻʵ̫Խˡ
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һϷȻض˫ȡ˵ţѾ˵ȥˡ
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ϷƴҲҪȻأԵ˵ļٴαϳֱܵĶȥ
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Ħһԭزȴǳżµھʹ
ĦѾǿİˣΨһΣĦʼ޷ǵȫû֮ǰһķ緶Ե˵į
ĬĬģ˲ȥŰĦĬĬģ˻ȥ

𣿡һĶ֮Уһͳ
һλɫ̷ӣֳһ⵶絶ʱһѪϢ
ûˡһĮȴԵЩϤ
ϣƭǣûκεĺôߵ
ɷģǾԲǵġߣѶħӰ֯ˣЩһȺ֪ˣȻΪЩųūܳɾʹҵ
һ˵üݣڰ֮У¶޶һס
󣬾ǼһˣĶӰˣɫϸһɱɱÿһֳÿһʵ㶼нʮλʸ֣ҲǾŴʦʵرͷλӣѾ߱ʥ򼶵ʵѾԱһŵʵˡ
ʱ޶Ĵ£ϤĴһݺύĶӿӰһĶߣħӰ֯ڵĶ֪̽ȥ
νѷΪħӰ֯һֱԵҳϵ޶Ȼѡ˳ħӰ֯޶ǶħӰ֯Ķָƣһͨͨ޶رĸֱܵͨģĦǶסˡ
Ʒδ飬ϳδ֪ҪȫȥζϳĦѾˡ
ǣڵŶϳƷʱȴǲ֪һǰδеΣħӰ֯ĵĶ


326 ޶ѱ
ʱټĶ֮Уһǿҵĺڰܱ֮ߵĶȾΪһƬں֮ɫ
һҪţϷһô˵ġβѣĽϳһʯС
ţ˫Żжϳǿľڣ̽Ŷϳ״
֣ϳֹۣȻѾֹס˶֮ѪȴһƬмǲѾˡ
ڣҪζϳֻԺڰȥˡ
ڰиõĸþǻصӰ־ղÿ񾭴ңΨһĺôʵ
ǣ̾ͲǳܳܵˡΪڰ޸ߣȥ겢ĥļʹࡣ
Ϊڰһʼʱ߻ѹģʹȫ̸оġ
ԥãͻȻһҧڵĺڰ֮֮Сһϳؿгȥǿĺڰ֮ȫ˶ϳж
ϾǺڰһʼϳܻܲסʹڰͿܻʧܣԵ򲻵òȽϳѹס
ţһֻƣһǿҵĺڰ֮黮һĶ
ٶһǿĺڰ֮۳һڰš˫ְڶžγһȻӿ˶ϳ档
̼䣬Ӵĺڰ̰֮ӿڣΪɺڰ֮ȥɵϳڻϸ

һޱȵĽ𣬶֮У˲һие
Ħ˫۽գɫȴǾҵĳ鶯˫ȭ߬ҧܡ
ʱϳӴڰ֮ĳ֮£ھǱһһ㣬ļʹ࣬ӳľҷһ˫Ӷ챬ʹ𣺡˭ɱңɱң
һҪסܿġܿͺõģ򼱵ڵĺڰ֮ӿУźڰ֮ڶϳڵ
ɱң󡭡㣡ϷʦɱңȥɣϳĽţȫ챬˿
ҶҪ㣬ħӰ֯Ҫ㣬ԲϷɱҲ޷Բסˣֻһ°ɣɫһȴ¶һ˿ʹࡣ
͵ģһӴĺڰ֮ǿӿڶϳڡ

ϳʹ˻һȫŹĺڰ֮ĿǱޱȵǿҵа֮֮С
ͣ
ѪǿʹúڰõҲ⵽˷ɣЩͿҪ֧ŲȥϾϳķ־ʵ̫ǿˣ򲻵òȥѹơ
ˣ
ɫһݣһӿǿĺڰ֮ٿһɿµĺڰ֮糱ˮһӿڶϳ档
ϳһʹൽ˼ޣ˫۱ͻѪ˿Ӿҵĳ鶯һʶʱģֱε˹ȥ
һ£ϳǰȥˣ˰亹û˶ϳ־кڰ֮Խӵ˳֡Ӵڰ֮ڶϳƲζţ޸Ŷϳƣ˫µѪҲȫֹסˣϧⲻʧȥ˫ȵı硣
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ӰԾһ£еĳ΢΢һԼ࣬Ǻݺݵֱ˹ȥ
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ţʧתӡӰĿ֮ȴҲıסˣһŲš
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ȴ࣬ŭ޶֪֪ڵڸʲô
ҵȻ֪޶һЦձرһ̵ģħӰ֯ҲǸڽһˣ
ˣһ㲻û뵽㾹Сˣ㲻к³ģŭ
ҵš޶гŵԵɨһϬĵɫâ
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죬һâڵһĺ֮УݾǱը֮ͬھˡ
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ǺǣϷʦԲˣһ̰ɡ޶һЦһ󲽳˵
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ߣ޶ǶŹģҧгݵеŭһȼա
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ŭӭһƣڰ֮˰ĳ޶̸˹ȥ
޶Ȼ壬ʢ˫ֽճֱǰ
ݵһ
ֱ˺ƿǹɺڰ֮ӿɢ˿ȥ¶޶ǱӰ
ԭ޶ģʵǲʺȥƴϳпܻƴдӰ졣
ᣬ˫һһɫΣµ澹һɳϳ˽ȥ
޶󾪣û뵽ǻͻȻһ֡
ߣ
޶ŭһ𳤽ֱȥ

ͻȻֳС򵯣ų޶˹ȥ
޶ûⶫȻ֪С򵯵֮
С
޶мὣһЩСն˹ȥ
飡
Сһǽâıը˿ҾҵĲһ󣬳ƬʯĴ䡣
ʲô
޶ɫ䣬Ǳը֮УƵòˣȫԵǱѣ޶ࡣ
ΪʱɳѻָԭѾŶϳʧˡ
쵰
޶ݺݵĳǵն˹ȥǿĽâֱ˺ƿһ̾޶һƬʯ̳ĻҵǵӰ


327 ĺ
һ
ŭĴӶһһˡ
ޡ
ͻȻܱͣߵһУ˫ʱһƬ˿졣
ûʱƬټĶ֮УĴɵʬ壬һǱ˸̵οѪиŨҵѪζ
Ů٣ǶôĿ֣ôɡ
ѾûǵЦݣҲûǵӰӣеֻһƬƲʬ塣
⡭
ͻȻ⵽һ㣬ʹ಻ѣ˫Ŀ죬ҡͷţܵģǲܵģ
ЩĦվѣѪŭǰ

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Ͼղһʱʵ̫רע²Ҳ̶õһĻˣΧЩ˶ע⵽
ܺãһġһһλϿž޵һȺ˰Χס˵Ħ
һͷȺˣŭʣȺʲôˣ
Ǻ֯ˡĦĻصһ˫Ѫ˿˫Ȼӣ޺޵ĵ˽кڻڷ̸֯еʱһ档
ڻŭսȭͷڵĺڰ֮ӿ
üԣȻǵҵ֡ӴЦһ
֯ҪΪףǡڻģ˽ΪʥǿߣֶμΪ̣λӱΪ׺ĺڻ
Сˣҧгݵ
ĦûӦڻĻǳŵʵأ
û£ϷѾõһȫĵطҲġһɫ˵ˣû뵽޶С˾Ǹͽǵġ
֪ˡĦʹĽ˫ۣеԽӵΡȡƷĻ޶ͲˣҲˡ
޶ǱСˣϷһҪɱݺݵĽе
˵꣬޶ĮЦش˹Ǻǣɱңȱס˵ɡ
һ
޶ֱƱڶֳųŵЦ
ŭȫڹţµԵһѶ
ŭ֣ĦͻȻ˵ǰ
һ㶡
ĦûлشĻ˫۽޶ʵ޶ң㱳ѵɣΪҲЩûжħӰ֯ҳϹ
ߣȷѾħӰ֯ȷʵҳϡ˵ʵЩūҲĺΪҲūأЩųū̫ˣūײѸڴ½֮У޷ıʵǷЩūúȥħӰ֯ħӰ֯ǺǰأһζȥЩūħӰ֯ûκãֻǵĸֻǿУȥħӰ֯ᱻˣҲòѰµĺ顣Ҫһ㣬ΪƷĵüƻǰˡ޶ֱ׳Ļص
ǺǣһֱûߵͬһϡĦһЦźڻ˰ɣֻΪˣоԵгǣȻңԺҲͬǡ
ڻһ㶣ɫ䶢޶
޶һŰĦ˵ڻˣҿǻǿЩְɣˡ
ڻͷЦǺǣĦο治˼ˣǰǸġ
Ħɫһͷŭɫĵ򣬵Ϸʦ׼𣿡
ߣʱԡֽշȣǿĺڰ֮
𼱣֪Щ˿ܲǵĶ֣رΪЩСڻһЦ˸ָн˲ϼ
Ħ򿴵֮󣬽Ȼŭ
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үүȾǡ
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ۡҪ衭Ҫ衭

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ЩСˣ𣿡ŭ޲ýڻ˶ж˿顣
ϧЩͯձͼС㶼ܽĦҲ֪γֲ֣ܷЩӡ
Ħ㿴ڿԺú˵˰ɡڻյЦ
ڻ㵽Ħŭʡ
Ǻǣⶴ˵ҲкüǧūɣټЩӣһӦòѰɣڻЦ
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Ħ˵ͷ˼˻һȺ޵ĺͯһݣźڻʵ˵ɣҪ
ȻһҪǣҪŵ򡣵ҿԴӦ㣬ӮЩҶˡȻһԴ巢ġڻЦ
ãĦһӦ
ˬ죡ڻһ˦ֺž޵
Ϸɡ򼱵
ٴӶϼһﲻȤڻһ
㡭ࡣ
ڻмһͷŰĦʵ𣿡
ʱԡĦס˫ȭվǰ˼
ŭ䶢һȺˣʼȶҷܲԵһЩͯİ취΢΢ȥ˼ѰżƲߡ
ģڻǰеľ޵ЦǺǣ似ıԣʹö
ڻȷʵգʥǿﾪĻܻˡ
УĦصϾĦҲʮѪˡ
ܺڻЦĵ˵ͷŰĦյ˫֣ɻʣأ
ҲҪĦƽĻ¶һ˿İ
ǺǣǿҪСĵˡڻݺݵս޵
ɣ
Ħս˫ȭ޶öҲԶԶʼǿߵġ
ж־Ħ˫һɫͻȻһǾСˣ
ಣ
ڻͻȻֱվ޵ֱȡȥ޶ȴǱȡ
ĦȻ壬һһӱӵ˺ڻǰ
ڻ΢û뵽ƵİĦٶȾ˽ýݣҲʱķӦ˹ҲһƫŭһɨŰĦĲ˹ȥ
Ħ͵һĶһһ綾߰ڻҸץ˹ȥ

ڻһУû뵽ĦȻա
ʵЩжǰĦƷĵʱѧģ԰ĦʹڲöȥϺڻĦҲкܴʤ㡣
ݣ
ڻһܵʶȥһʱȥƣһ䣬´һն
Ħ׼һּץźڻҸźڻƵ䱳һֻεס˺ڻҸսźڻݺݵķһ
ͨһ
ڻ㵹ɳ˽ʮףˤʵǱĦԭز
ڻˣ˼ˡĦһЦ
ʱڻվӣŰĦ˵Ҫŵ򡣡
Ħһ㶣ʶЩԾ

ͻȻһҽУһλͯı㱻նͷ­ΧĺͯŵҰס

Ħŭıͻ˫ۣŹɱ
綼ˣŵ㲻Ҳû취ڻڳһе˵
㡭Ħ˶ըˣû취ˣĦֻܾȥʱˡ
ĦڵһˣһԸıƵˡ


328 
ɡ޳ܣ
ڻһʵ̫ˣЮֺͯΪʣܶԸĦܱס١
Ħ򶼲֪˶ٱˣȴúڻһ취ûС
Ϊڰħʦˣ֮ʩȶϳڵĺڰħĴ룬һЩ߼ĺڰħʩ
ĦźڻߣϣóսʿĹƲ㡣
˼ڲҪʲôֻúõһѣûܾȵǰɣֻܰҵϷȥöġڻյЦ
ѾȫΪһսʿϡĦ
ǺǣҸ㡣ڻȻ˾޵ս˫ȭսĵܹƽ˰ɣ
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ڻһһ󲽳ǰٵĿԽĦǰ˦ֱһȭػĦס
Ħ˫żأһƣһֱȵĽס˺ڻһȭ͵Ľڻǰһֱһȭźڻϻȥ
ڻһһȭǶ㲻ȥˡڻȴԵú򶨣¶һ˿ޱȵЦݡ
Ħһ㶣ԣĿ΢ܴЩ־ĺͯһۣгȭͷͻȻˡ
ڻһЦȴǳŰĦ͵һ̣ݵĻһȭ˰Ħ
һ
ĦһУǿֱѪֱӵ˳ȥ
һȥȴǱĦֹסˡ
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ڻˣ
ЩֺƵĴš
㿴ҵֵôм飬ǲʧˡڻЦ
һֱǺʧΪŷ𣿡Ħĵĵ
ٷϻ
ڻ࣬һ嵽Ħǰ˰Ļȭͷ籩Ħȥ
һΣĦѧӴˡ
Ȼ򲻵ãǶ㻹ɡ԰Ħβûڻһ˿ССĦûС
ڻԽԽŭƺô򶼴˰ĦĦٶôͻԼôࣿ
򿴵ĻкףĦʱ䡣Ϊ˲˷Щʱ䣬ʼڵĺڰ֮˵עתƵ˰Ħڻս֮Уڵص֮УȻ֪
ʱڻҴÿһȭǿᣬĦ
ث֣ѵͻ𣿡ڻˡ
һ㣬ͲҵĶ֣絹ʸҽĦ̵
쵰
ڻһŭȭгһɵ⣬ȭٶͽȻ졣

Ħһû뵽ڻ˱ɡ
£ĦҲ飬ҫŵ⣬ٶҲǸͽȻӿ죬һ˲˹ȥ˫һţٵԾʮס
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ĦһӦ
ݣ
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ЩͯŵÿֽУѾ˾µĿ־塣
ǶֻЩӶѣĦ
ҾΣڻߵܾҴʱ㲻Ǻ硢ŵ㿴ڵ㣬жǱδûǿϧˣû뵽ĴҲбҲȵµʱ򣬹
쵰
Ħŭһ͵һţһصĴںڻϡ

ڻʹһһʱӦֱӵ˳ȥ
ĦŴеŭǺú÷йһΡ
ܺãһΥҵĹ򡣡ڻɫվ
ݣݣ
䣬ͷ­˵ĵڵأλ޹ĺͯ˸նɱˡ
㡭Ħ˫ĿѪ˿˫ȭ߬Ѫ֮С
ɺޣʹ࣬ھΡָͷĦԼܣһһЩӶˡ
ɣ
ڻЦһŰĦ֮䣬ǰһǰһȭֱţݺݵػڰĦؿ֮С
͡
ĦѪҶأһƬʯ

ŭһһڰֱڻ
ڻɫһ΢΢һƫһ˳ɨնݵһ㽫ǺڰŸ˺նΪ룬ɢһƬɫ㡣
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ݣݣ
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ϷûءڻһЦǰһսĦĲӣ֪κˣֻҪǵǺ֯Ĵֻۣĥĥ
ߣ㻹˵ĻͺҼսȥĦ̼
У㡣ڻһЦһ˦ֱӽĦ˳ȥ
һ
Ħݺݵײڶϣʯ䣬ĦȻһ֮ɫվţܡٲĻҲˡ
޶ƺЩĲ̣ϾҲͬ¶꣬תı˫ۡ
ʵϷֿʼˣڻЦһɣԽ˰Ħǰ
һΣڻûʹöˣƾһֻȭݺݵĻĦס
ĦһŶŤתӡ
飡
ڻһȭ˿ڶҳ˸ѶɫһݣȭһɨֱĦԴ
Ħ͵һһ˺ڻ˫һݣϣǴһ˺ڻӣǯӰצǿҵ͵Ŀ۽˺ڻĲ
ڻһŭʲô
ñ𶯣ȻԴҪˡĦв
˴󾪣û뵽ĦͻȻôһ֡
ĦɫźڻĲת޶ǣ̷ſЩӣǵĺڻ˾ҪǸˣڻ˵ļֵҪЩǿ˰ɣ
ϧĦĻûв޶κһˡ
ڻĦһεľٶʵ̫޴ˣҾͺһˡ
ɣڻЩʹ˸ɫ
ݣ
һ֮£һοɲֱɱǺͯǽһֱͯ۸жˡ

ǺͯʹĲҽУѪֱЩͯŵҰףʵ̫ˡ

Ħ˫Ŀ죬յøŭͣ£ٲֵĻҾͽɱˣ
ڻüͷһ壬Ҫ㣬ǵֿɶء
ݣ
һ˾ȻǺͯһֱֻҲնˣǲҽ֮УͯѾʹÿҪȥ
㿴ǸôõĺӰôŵĻǺӦû˫ȿܾͱסˡڻЦ
һȺ
Ħ쾫ˣޱεʹ絶
ڣĦֻˡ
ڻһЦһתһֿס˰ĦĲʱİĦѾһңǳ׸ĸ򣬺ڻЦǺǣ˵ˣϷҶģֻܰҵĹȥ档
񡭡ǲŹġĦŭźڻ
˼ȻҺܳ񣬵ҲھȥɡڻɫͻȻת䣬š
Ħȫˣȴ˻ţܣô
ɣĦı˫ۣŻۡ
ɡڻЦ
ӦǰɡһͻȻһشݺݵڳ˵ؿС
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͵һ£һ͹ƾճڶϿ֮УĿĹâסһžֵס
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ڻ֣ΪǶо쳣ֲϢ޶ŵ૵ĺš
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һλޱȵӣɫսףһͷҫ۵İɫƮȵĿӡһѪɫӡǡ
Ψһгľǣвɱ˴־ɱ
ûƷˣһĳˡ


329 
ܣ

Ħ򿴵֮˫ͨ죬ˮӯ
ˣĻˡ
ʱЩԭھ֮еĺͯƷĳ֣ϣĹâ
ЦˣЦˣЦˡҲǿˣĿˣϾǻʧȥࡣ
УڻӦ˹˲Ծһݣ׼԰Ħɱˡ
ͻȻһĹۼӶ
ݣ
һƿգڻ΢΢һϸСĹиɻ
ͣ
ڻʹһҼбһѷɵУѪ罦˾ǷɵĹȷɶڽʮ׿⡣
ʲô
ڻ־塣
һֻһû˿Ʒ絽ôģ߱ʥʵĺڻ㱻һˡ
ͨһ
ڻǱأͷŭһЩӶˣ
Щ˶ȻӦ˹
ţ׷׳ƣЩͯͷ­նȥ
Ȼǽ֮£Ʒһգ
һ֮£৵ӹЩ˼һ˿գĻЩͯӰȻǽâʧˡ
ôܣ
Ѿȫˣ⵽ʲôַգ֮䣬Ȼλͯƾʧˡ
𸮵ͣǻеʵƷѾԽ𸮵ЩͯͲʲô⡣
ûʲôܵġƷһջ𸮣ϵӰУŭףſµɱźڻһȺˡ
ţƷ绺Ʈ£ڰĦǰ
Ħ˫ۼķ⣬ҧгݵܣҡҡ
ȱ˵ˣҶסƷͷ˵һ
ĦͷŭźڻǣЩһ
ûƷŭŵĿźڻǡ
֪ΪΣڻǼƷʱϲɴ̹ǵĺ磬˫в˿־塣
ɱˣҪ۵ġƷĳ𽣡
ڻһɫһ޵ŭһɱ
䣬ͻȻһɳƳ𣺡ƣ
Ȼ䣬֮Уһɿµа֮ӿֱٷȣڹʢţѾõĺڰ֮ڱˡ

һĲҽнȻһȺ˸ͺ޷ӦͻȻǱһɹסһ㣬һѣһһѪɫٵӶһӱ㽫Ⱥ˸סڵѪıЩѪɫʳ
޶Ӧÿ죬Ծ˺ڻߡ
ɣȥȺʹ࣬˶ɸɱʬˡ
ƣΪĺڰħдħڵȫʧȥѪҺʹ
֪Ѿﵽʥ򼶵ĵʩչƵǿ󣬼ʹЩǿ߶޷ⳡˡ
ɣڻŭ
ɣ㻹ʸ˵Ϸ򲻹ǰѸûķǶѡЦ
ڻɫһͷ޶˵޶ֵܣǵúúúˣǺ֯ĸλþˡ
ҡ벻Ҫ˰ɡ޶ǿ־壬ͨһȻƷǵǰҡҴˣĴˣ޶Դ巢ģԡԺԻħӰ֯ҳϣǺ֯ܵͼǸһλЩҶĹûйҲпͰ
ڻǺ죬ŭ޶Сˣ㾹ҳǣ
ǺǣҲ˵ԳǣȻҲǣڸ˰ɡĦһЦ
ܵͼ˵ѾûκˡƷͻȻ˵
⻰޶Ѿ֮ɫ߶ˣаûڲѡ
ţ޶Ƿ˰ĽճƷɱ˹ŭȵҾɱ㣡
ƽƷƽ쳣죬ɱڵ޶ô֪
һ̣ͬ޶Ŀ־ճ¼Ǳܣгǿҵ⣬϶һɫ⻡һŭնƷ硣
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ݵһ
ͣסˣ޶ҲסˣɴŲŵͫףĿ־壬Ѫ
ţ˱㾪Ŀõ޶Ʒӽʣһҵľ룬ƷһɫѾ޶ؿڣѪ
ܵģҡҲġ޶૵
ˣýʵƷһݺݵĽ𽣰˳һѪŷɽ

޶һʵĲҽУӾҵĳ鴤ӲȥĿ
ǿǿ
һڳʥ޶ȻûƷӣͱƷһɱˡ
û취ʵ̫ԶˣƷѾﵽ˵߲жμ𣬱ʥڵʵұƷͬоġ
ԣ޶עġ
ڻҲǾû뵽ǰƷеĻҪӵĿ£λֻ֣˺ڰħ֮¡
ڣͽʣºڻˡ
ڻ־ĻܣٽŻƽƷ磬ŵòˣȻеľ޵веҡҸ㣡ҪǸҵĻҴǾԲŹ㣡
ȻҲû˵ҪŹǺ֯Ʒĺе𽣣һ㣬ɱʢ
ߣǲ̵ɱҵǧˣΪǺ֯ӵ𣿡Ħźڻ
˵ϷܺϷĺڰħúúȥʲôŽϷŷȣɱ䶢źڻ
ڣڻƷˡ
Ǹҹ
ڻŭһӵ£ֱնƳһ޴ɫ⻡˺ŵϮƷǡ
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һ
âƷǰɢ˿ȻһƬʯ̳
֮£Ʒμ۶˲ıƵ˺ڻǰǶڻϵǱ׸оһɱ⡣
ڻһһˡ
͵ģƷͻȻ·ֱһȭػںڻĸУЦоܰɣ

ڻһʹУѹĶ˲䱻һǿɢһҪҡ˼һŵؿվȡ
Ʒûô׾ͷŹڻ
һǰལһ˸ɭĺ⡣
ڻɫ䣬֣һʱȴԵ
ֻһǰ¡
ͣ
һֱֻ۱иڻʹţѪ
ǺǣǲǺܺ氡ƷһЦ
Ħ򿴵ʹ죬ֱɱ˺ڻʵ̫ˡ
쵰쵰ҾҲҪɱ㣡ڻŭУͻȻӿһǿڵʥѪѾȼ
ʱʧȥһֱֻ۵ĺڻǿҵ֮Уһųһӡ


330 
ȼʥѪΪ˵һַȻԴʵҲɱ
Ҳûǿ١Ʒһʧҡͷ
裬ڻŭѣž޵Сӣ̫
ವһ
ڻһѿ棬ͬһĵһֽվ޵ǿҵ⣬ֱȡƷؿڡ
̫ƽʽ˵ǺõġƷ
ۼһҪƷʱƷͻȻһλλ˺ڻࡣ
ʲô
ڻһ͵һת˳һŤתӺᵶƷնȥ
Ʒ粻Ųæһ㣬޵ƷӹƷͻȻһ̽յڻĸһ㡣

ڻʹǺ죬ͻͫףɼ˼
ƷһЦ˫һԾӾ֮ƣʽӰϾʹٳʮӰ֪ʵ
ڻĿ࣬ʱ侹˹֮䣬ڻǲ֪ιһֻҵĻž޵
ĦվһߣƷĽ˵Ĺ죬ͬл˭ƷĶ֡
ৣ
ֻһĽХ֮ʮƷѾγһɻ磬ȫڻΧסˡ

ڻʹֱУеľ޵λնͻƷ硣ϸʹգۼѾǶദҲʡ
쵰ҹ
ڻһȫ֮ǰһնڵء
飡
һ죬ҡһ󣬵âһ£оǱƿһ޴̵Ѻۣʯ䣬̳źڻǳصĴϢ֮ƷӰȴʧˡ
أڻһз
һֱ󡣡ӰԤװĴӺڻ
ڻɫ䣬͵һתӵնȥ
ⲻ֪һεľѱƷһǿƾİ˺ڻؿС
ͣ
ڻֱѪأǱڵ˺üȦҳ
Ʒһֳֽ
ܣôǼһˣĦͻȻһźڻ
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룡
ڻһվɱһڵѪҺȼһɿֲѹڵ׼Ҫˡ
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ֹȻˡ򾪺Ĵһ
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ڻȴǷ˰ĴЦǲɱɱҪˣΣҪﶼˣͨͨˣ
ŹͷˡƷһͬԽռӵ˺ڻǰ
ڻһɫһݣ˷֮
ԱǶô̵ʱ䰡ȡڵһ˵
ܿϧڻˣΪƷָͷͻȻ˹ֱڻѪйԵĵ˼¡
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ŵľǣڻĶûˡ
ô£
Ħ򶼱סˣղƷһи͸оκεϢֻʹָͷںڻϲλ˼£ȻͽڻھҪˡ
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ڻɵסˣ̧ͷŭƷ磬Сӣ㵽׶ʲô
ûʲôֻ㲻ܶѡƷ絭һЦ
쵰
ڻһҧƴʹȻ޷ֱǱħҪ°ٱʥԱܸţƷʵжôĿ¡
ƷͻȻɫһ䣬ߵղҺ񿴵иӱն˫ְɣӦùƽ㡣
˵꣬Ʒһıƽ˺ڻ
ƷһŲɱףڣ־Ľе㡭ʲô
Ҫһֻ֪ɱ˶޹֡Ʒ͵ľĳ˸ɭɱ

ڻֽһúڻѡ񣬺ڻԸ̾ȥҲҪȥޱʹĥ
ûĻǵûƷɫһ䣬߾١
ݵһ
Ĺ⻪Ӻڻһ˫־˹ȥ

ڻ˺ѷΰĲҽһһֻҲиѪľǣڻûУȫ޷ֻȫ鴤ųǹʹࡣ
ʹ죡
Ħ˴ƿ죬Ǻúñһڻˡ
ǣЩȥ˻ǲܹٻˡ뵽ڴˣĦɫȻĳͷ
־ɱңڻĽš
ɱ㣬̫ˡƷ粻ڻĽͷеĵϷʦ˶һôһôŪˣ˼ģ
һ㶣һźڻİɣϷ綼˵ȻҪϷĻϷȻú÷ȥ
˵꣬еħһ㣬һźڰţڻȥ
ڻŵһҰףм˾
Ϸ㳢ֱҧʹࡣȻ壬ǿֺܹܹܾðɡЦһ
ڻֵĿ󡭡ˣ㣬ɱҺĺ
ϷͲˡЦһ͵Ľеĺڰ˺ڻڡ

ڻȫʹУͨ죬ˮѪһʲ԰֮ɫжѾˡʹ޷ʹֱ࣬ǱһλҪӵܡ
һ£ǽһʱͷ֮ޡ
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޺޵սȭͷΧɵѪʬ
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תƷĦһۣ˫Ŀ졣
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Ҷ֪ˣǶʧܣǵԭ򣬶ǵ͹˹͢աԣԼϿңҵļƻܲź˴ҡƷ簵ĳͷ
Ѿúܺˡ˱ĴңĻͲⳡ緢ˡĦҧĵ
ڲǹ˭ʱӦؽħӰ֯˺֯ȥڣƷݺݵ˵
Ļ𣿡
ֻҪԼͿԡ
ɡǻʧȥ˺ܶࡣ
˵꣬ĦѾʹˡ
Ʒ˿ȻʧȥˣǾ͸װ׵ʧȥ
⻰Ħƺ˹ŭ˫ȭ˵ԣðװ׵ʧȥ
Ʒ΢΢ͷֵ磬ӦˣúϢɣ¾ͽҴɡ
ǡĦʹĻЩеĴѪʬ
һúǵġƷ粻̧һ֣ǿҵİɫš
ллĦ˵
Ȼ׹ֶ£ԵѪʬʥâҫ¾ˣΪ㣬š
˵ܵõף֮ϴ꽫á


331 
ħӰ֯۶ǻˡ
ңΪ̰֯ҪȥշЩūЩūȥһԺħӰ֯ūˡ
ЩµĺͯҲһЩūɺ޵ľǣԭǶȥ˫۵ĺͯŲסʹĥƷ絽ǰʱѾʹˡ
󣬵Ѱ˺֯ͨ붴еܵһһȥغڰħԷ֯ı
ĦΣѣһ˶һСУķ˼
ǣƷȴʱʧ˶֮У˭Ҳ֪ȥ
һȴ֪ǾǺڻƷˡ
֯Ҳһ֯ĺ˵Ӧþںڷǡ
֯ͬǣڰ۹иڰЩԺ֯ںڷǺŵģڷǵĳȥ֯
ң֯һǿĺ飬ǾǺ׼塣Ժ֯Żķչ֯и࣬Դ
ϧ֯Ȼǵ֯ҲҪоԵأԺ֯һֱõħɽеĵء
Ϊ֯֯ĵܵΧҲǿĺܹ㣬ռ˽ڰ۹̰׼۹
ʱһ֮ܵУźüܵڡ
Ȼ䣬ĺӰӶ˳
ûӰˣһƷ磬һǺڻ
ڻѾʹȫˣֲ˵ֻ΢΢ĺţһֱƷһߡ
ʱƷһ䣬ǿľε֮С
ЩܵɲħУԾơħֵƷľΪˣﵽ˰֮ľ鼰ĲӷΧѾﵽʮ
תۣ˷˫һϢˡ
ģƷźڻʧԭء
磬ôڻǻûǳ˰ɣ
ȥڻ˵ʵǻ֪𣿶˵οħӰ֯гڹȻ᳤Ҳֻɺڻȥִ񡣡
ǺǣǵҲǡ

һĶ֮ڣλӣʵﵽ˽ʼӦӦڻˡ
ǣȴǲ֪ͨħֵĶǱˣûҲ˺ڰ塣
ͻȻһ֮ܵУ߳һӰϻƺŸ
˭
˾ųֵǲûиоκε
һȨˣһӰ
ɫ䣬׼
ͻȻ
ಣಣ
ۣ۶޷׽
ͣ
˶ͷϸȲһѼ⵶ֵĵɴ˫ۡýʼǿߣ˵Ŀûп壬ڷ
ߣӦòԶ˰ɡ
Ʒһᣬ翸һŵĺڻȥ
ԴƷӵ𸮵ĸ֮󣬸˲ٵķɵƷҲûٽѷɵջˡ

һĹĶ֮УİڷЩ鼮Σһ鷿
鷿֮Уλɫޱţһ˫ϸСӿ˾˷ǳ֮ա
λǺ֯ĵһͷĿǣʥڼǿߣʹһѰ񼶺ý
鷿֮ڣλɫ̷ӣ絶̣ʱͷųһɲгɱࡣ
˿ɲ򵥣ں֯Ҳڵڶģʥǿߣֶμ̣Ůٽɱ飬ʴ˺ġ
ܣչˣʡ
ûܵϢˡĵĻص
ô˵ǲüͷ
Ѱ˼˻صⶼȥһˣδ飬صȥ̽һұ㷢֣ͨħеܵȻˣҵѾ⵽˲⡣
ûзսĺۼʡ
ûУǿٵġʵص
١ǳ˼˻˵޶ǼһӦòǣжȥĻӦûʲô⡣ֻһֿܣħӰ֯Щһ֪ǵĶ֣⽫еܵ˰ɣԴ˶ϾܵĻ·
ǿ죿¶һ˿ɫ
ǺǣħӰ̫֯СǺ֯ˣǵܵͼ޶ѽҡǻˣǿ½ͨʱܵͨǺ֯ͿԳưԸˣԵõЦЦ
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һ£˹ҲǱ׵ļŭˡһλǿߣһ۹񣬾ǱƷƳֱǶ衣

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ûǶ˹ר񽣡
˽һɫ䣬ԭʵٴƺ綼˿µĺڰϢ
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½֮УǿߣȻһƬ𾪡
֮ǰĹĺڰ֮Ѳǵ˸ӿµǿߣǹڰʽƴˣ


340 а
ʲôطƷԺƺѹˡ
ʱƷޱߵѪɫ磬ܴһ˿ϢеֻѪаϢ
ƷһӣȴǷһСԭԼֻһѡ
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ɣƷ翪ʼ侲ʼȥš
ڣƷǻǰԼڳȥǵʱ򣬶˺ǰѪ֮ȻԼе𽣡
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ˣҲа֮ƷǹаĿ¡аֵĻǱصаҲǻᱻ
һ£ƷˣԭԼǱеаˡ
ô죿
ƷԵüΪԼһ壬ް취뱾幵ͨȴȫûзӦ壬״̬
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ƷһܵĺһȻʵʲôֶ
ҵȻĽа顣ɫСŵЦţƷľ㹻ǿǻᱻƷֵģԾ͸ɴֱˡ
а飿Ʒ羫͵һǽа飬еа֮Լ񾳵ľ޷Ը
а䶢Ʒ磬Цû뵽ӡȻˣֻҪĻ壬ҾͿȡʱҾͿԻˣһѾǧˡ
ǧ꣡
Ʒ缫ΪأǾʱ֮ãа龹ȻǧⳬϹŶĹԶԶеôöԸ
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˻ƷŷӦ˹ǺڰС򣬵Цԭ㻹ûɳҲͻлٵ㣡
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Ʒһ뵽Ѿаأ˵Ѿ˴½Щǿߡ
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ҪǾʹ˰֣Ҳ㣬ҲңҰϼһ㶨ٶΣڰСջԵЦ
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СӾȻôʶȤΪڵҾͶԸ𣿡ڰСݵ˵
ھͺƴʱ䣬˭ÿ죡Ʒһһֱ˺ڰС֮˹ȥ
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ٱʲôȫԽˡ
аôܣ˹־壬ƷѾ״вˣ˹ûԥ
͵ģ˹ȫڰең֮УǿĽֱڿգƲԽӵᰵγһӴУ֮маŰɫĵ
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䣡
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һ죬죬һӴޱȵĻ޾ܵϮ˿ȥռȫŤˡڵпսĻǿ˵ѾĩհĻˡ
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˹ڸо˾֣ƷֱǴġ˹Ѿȥ˽ĺڰ޷ֹƷ硣ƷȴԽԽǿǽõżȥ


341 
ʱھ֮УƷаһҵ׷ս
аƻޱȣÿһεƷҪ׷ȥʱа鶼ƻһӸˡ
ڣÿһ֣ÿһ룬ʱ䶼ôĽȣҪƷȫ֪״ססа飬Լ˵ȥ֮ѳΪЩǿߵ֮ˡ
ȷʵƷһֳôĶ½ǿ߶Ѿˡ
˹أս񽣣ʢһ׼ʼˡ
ƷֱǷһҰޣн𽣲룬ĿѪ˴ƬĿռޱаϢڿգеĽʯɽڿգҰѾȫģˡ

˹ŷеƷ磬ǹаһһǿֹаԼˡ
뵽ڴˣ˹֣ڵкڰ֮עУһɸΪֲĺڰ˶ڶ˹֮γһӴУһڰΧŶ˹Ӿš
Ʒ˫Ŀ죬Ѫ˿оѹеӴв֮ץ𽣣ٷɳ۹ȥ
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һգۣƷ羹ǹ˹ǰŭһŶ˹бǵذնȥ
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
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һζ˹Ҳѧˣ֪һѪ֮㲻ȥӲ棬һ㣬߿гȥ
ƷһҧĴֱٳհķ䣬ϷŹ˹
쵰
˹ɫһۼƷ缴׷ͻȻһݺһɿն䣬һڰлԵӭƷϮ
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װıը֮죬ƷһɨĽâȻǺɫâƲŶ˹ӭ˹ȥ
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âѪɫϱը˿Ƭռһεı
ѪɫһڻǱȥˣƷӾһ𣬿ٴѪεֱڵأѪۣھ޿г
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䣡
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֮ǵ֮Уһȭ֮£һֱʮھ޿ӡ
˰ɣ˹һЦ
Цţ˹ЦͻȻ侪ֵĽӲסˣɴͫʧе⡭ôܣ
ʱڵľ޿֮УһϤѪɫâ
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ţƷ˫ĿػǿҵаѪ⣬մѪȥٴλһޱȵס

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˹ݽӲһǱƷסˡ
ԴӶ˹սǿ֣˹Ҳη
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Ʒɫһ䣬հѪɫâǰ϶һĹβϡ
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ʱ䣬֮УƾճһԻðİ׹⣬ֱӽƷס
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аǱһά˿Ӱͻأ˳
ά˿˹һӦ֮ŭɫߣΪ㶨ǹ𣿡
𣿡ά˿һ۶˹ƴеƷ磬ɫص˵һɳĿ죡
û뵽ħѪ˻ڴ½г֡˹
ڲ̸Щʱһ˵һвȻ˵ά˿ɫһֻеʹȣһӴĹˮΪһ壬ҫհڿա
ͿаʥʱסƷ硣
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ά˿󾪣û뵽Ʒ羹Ȼʥ֮ɳŶ˹ȵ𣿡
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ʱ֮УӴĹâһһףƺȫ֡
Ϣʵֲ̫ˣҪ½С
ѵ֮͢ʽսˣ
ҪһĻҪǱ˿ĻԻ᳹׵ɵۡ
û뵽жĽ֮͢Ȼˣʵ̫Խˡ


342 

ƷһѪӣаɱ𽣼ҵĲţ˸ɭѪ⡣
ͻȻ
һ
һӴѪɫâʥֵҰƷԵһӵֳֳӭά˿ǰɱ˹ȥ
죡
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𡪡񡪡ƣ
һ֮£ǾӰֽųźڹľ޽ܱߵĿռ䣬ӭƷն¡
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ƷϾһѪɫһ죬Ȼӭȥ
һ̣ռɿֲľΪһ塣
䣡
Ϊ֮һɽ飬ƵĴһεݣŤĿռֱӱ˺˿޾ڰⲨ纣ХһϮĴƬ½ʱ˶ݵĺڰ
𣡡
Ǿ޲֮£һѪɫȫĴݻˣޱȵľ޴ֱƷе˸ײ
Ȼаס˴󲿷ֵĹƷ޷ȥɻľ޲
ƣΪа˹ĵʽӵƽԼʹƷս׻ҲⲻϮ

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ά˿Ҳû˹սͳݵʱ䣬ά˿ȫһϡ
䣡̫֮
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ݣ
ǰɫ޽ĳŶ˹նȥޱȣ۵Ĺ⻪ȫǹ˺ڰ
Сˣ
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⡭
˹ɫ䣬ά˿Ҳľ֡
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Ʒŭһ˫ȭǿľӿͳ˹ȥ
Ȼ˵ƷѾ޷˺аˣƷ緢Ϯ֮£аҲԽƻǲƷκεײһƷڵһʱٵ
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Ȼ䣬֮£һĻİâסƷӣٶǿʹ֮ľ֮

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ά˿ɫһʹȻ˲۳һܣǰηȥ
˹ǻ飬ڲԶѱ׼ȥƷеǰаҿȥϾ֮ǰ˹һѪѹʵ̫ˣ˹ȥðˡ
ƷǳΪά˿˵ˣǿ˭ÿˡֻҪƷһ˵һĿ궼Ʒеǰа
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䣡䣡
һ֮죬Ѫɫƺһ㡣ɼѪɫռı߼֮УȻҫ˵İ׹⡣
֮Ʒһԭǹ̻Ǽһ
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ߣˣƷа飬û뵽ά˿ԼæԼĻᡣ
аŭҾͺģ̵ܹʱȡ㣡
ûˡƷһЦǺǣˣԭҲ֮ҿԸ㡣Уֺħħ޷ȥģ
ٷϻа鷢ŭˡ
͵ģа龹ȫ˶Ʒƿأеаϵһ𣬿ֲаѹǼ緢Ļɽ
Ǻǣȷʵǿ㻹޷ԸҡƷһЦǿľ˲Ƭռ䡣
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ˣƷľѾﵽ˰֮޷ٿħĻҲǿľЩ֮
һ
ƬѪɫռһ𣬾˿Ӵľ֮ȫƬѪɫռγ˰Χ֮ƣа޴ӡ
⡭ʲôаǾ֣ڸеˡ


344 յ
ߣˣչ黹Ҫ
Ʒһ֣ŵľ֮˰ӿ
Сӣھ¶δ⻹̫˰ɣаŭˡ
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Сӣţа齹ŭˡ
ǺǣҵģֻӵиʤѣɡƷЦ
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ԣƷ籣һľǵѡ
ά˿˼ţɫԽӵأѵǹаҵĹ⡭ǲܵģ
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ͻȻ䣬ά˿ǹǿʥ֮룬Ʒ㾪ϲĸӦԼľ֮УӿһɹӴʥڽ˾֮УͬԵٵΪһ壬֮ǿʵʮ
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Ȼ䣬Ѫɫž˿ֲаҪը˿һѪɫǿѺ
Ʒ羫ȫǹɾ֮Ѿ㹻ȥƿǹɾ֮ˣٿǹӴľ֮ŭǱѵѪѹ˹ȥ
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аϵıǿҵѪⱻıѹ˻

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̼䣬ǿҵİ׹סƷƬ硣
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ȻаȥȻӴаƷаӦþǿ߾µԴͷǲûƷѾƿȨƷװ裬ķš
ά˿˹üͷ壬ȫסƷ϶ķ֣Ʒ֮УȻӴһһаš
˶ǳףһܣƷ綼ܵش˶ڻĶƷ⡣
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һһףǿľĶ׼Ʒ硣
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Ļ˶סˣû뵽𸮵ķ˵ǿᡣȻȫĹҲ׾ֵܵģ֣Ȼȫû˵𸮷ֺ
ɱ
ʶһӦ
δȫ嵽𸮵ǰǿһ˹ȥ
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ɻֺ˹ȥǰײһͲһ󱩶ռ伱Ť𸮱ڿռŤУȴǼٵһɳĴС
ͻȻ䣬ŤĿռ֮Уƺһۡ
ģ𸮾ǹʧˣǿȫӦ𸮵Ϣ
ˣ
˳ɵˣ˴ţ۵Сۡ


345 µĽ
ˣôˣôܣǲܵģҳά˿һûǰıŭС
û뵽ƴôãѿ쵽ֵȻƤ¸ˣά˿ֱˡ
ߣ㣡ά˿㾹ȻǼһ˹Ҳˡ
ά˿ʹŭУһ˹ĺ̲ˣŭһаԼܣʸ˵ңǱĻ綼Ǽһˣ
ʲô˼Са𣿡˹ŭɫ
ߣûȤִ˶ˣҲˡά˿м
˵꣬ά˿ҫ˰׹⣬ȥ
ⲻ֪ŭĶ˹ͻȻɱ˹ŭ𣿡
͵ģ˹ά˿ǰıӾе񽣣ά˿ӱŭն˹ȥ
а㣡ά˿һתеʹһᣬ˲۳һ޴ʵİɫܣػԼ
飡
һ죬˹ǿʢֱӱ˺ǰɫܡ
ά˿ѾӦ˹ڰɫܻȥ˲䣬Ѽ˿ȥŭŶ˹а̫֣ΪĶԸ𣿡
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һ̣ڴ½֮Уǻʹ壬ǽײƽ񣬶ɳеĻϢŵþֲѡ
ڴ½֮УĻ̻̣ʱ̶һƬƬ֮ϣһпԾʹ˽
аңά˿ȵѾɣֻûͷų
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һ֮֮УƾһĿĽɫǿ⡣

ά˿˹Ȼ󾪣Ͼʵ̫ˡ˱㲻ͣеĶѭȥ
Ȼǳɺڰǿ֮УǿҵĽ⼷˽ֳһ޴ĽɫӰ
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ǾһԵĴСĽɫͫףϳ֫צӸ絶һķͨƽ֮ɫһһۣ޴󣬼ǳľβʮס
û֮ƽצ

һȻ˵аʵ֮ά˿˹κһ˶Ը˵ԶԸϾǿҲǸǵġ
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ģǲԼġά˿ĻӦһֵûʲôµĻȸˡ
ߣҲˡ˹һŭά˿ߵʮ֮ԼʱҲ쵽˰ɣϣɲҪΥ򡣡
Ȼᡣά˿䵭ĻӦһһתʧ
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ԭգ·ԲʮĲ֮أңԶ̾û뵽пħѪ˳ˣսҲԶ˰ɡ
ţϵӰҲŵʧˡ

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𽣣Ʒһ˫סˡ
˼ǣƺǱһ㣬Ʒܸойɺеĸо
֮ǰƷ㱻еаȥ£һʱƷ羹ǲȥˡ
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⻰ƺԵüΪĿģ˷ܵĲ
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ȵķ֣𽣵Ȼһɫţǹ뵱սƣ澹Ȼиһ̥塣
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ԭƷ绹һЩη壬ǾһӴǰɫŵʱһɼΪеϢƷ֮Уƺǽ˿˿ĸо
͵ģƷϲЦǽ飡ҵĽ飡
û뵽аȥ֮оȻµĽ飬Ժ𽣾Ʒˡ
ھһμֻذĽ֮Ʒ練׬һʡɼƷ˿̵жôĿϲôļ


346 ɳ
󡭡磡ɱҰɣ
ĳУʧȥ˫ȵĶϳʹţ˫ĿһƬ죬˫ָƴԼϺץţѾ˲ٵ˺ۡ
Ħʹ֮ɫ˫ȴƴİŷĶϳһ߿ܣһҪȥԲܹħӰ֯ʧȥ㰡
һˣһ˻ʲôҲĥ㣬磡ȥɣϳš
ĦΣҲʹҲӵ𣬼ԲԶҵĶܡ
ϳ⻰ͻȻ˫۾⣬ŰĦɳƵĵ㡭ҲԶĴ磡
˵꣬˫µʹˡ

ϳַĲҽȫʹ಻ѡ
ĦˣͷԵžվԵĵ򣬽ʵϷʦû취𣿡
εҡҡͷȻֳͷĬڰȻضϳѾǲˣһЩõĻһ취ûС
Ħʣأ
ѾղˣϷԸоǰ֮ǰħֵĸܵ˺üĲϷԴͷӦںڷǡϷûĻйءĻص
ʲôĦɫ䣬УϷʦտöܣҵȥһ˺ڷǡ
ûõģҿԸоϢ񼶵ʵˣ¾ڷǶѱˡ̾
񼶣Ħʱ԰ףƷ汻Щǿ߾Ļǿ¾׶༪ˡ
ԭʹеĶϳϢ֮Ȼ䰲
ʱ䣬ڶ֮Уһļž
ѵħӰ֯ô𣿡Ħʹ࣬Խӵ
ǺǣħӰ֯ôأͻȻһϤⶴ֮С
ܣ

˶ϲɫѭȥ
Ȼ䣬һƷֱӴȻЦ
ĦһƷ磬ֱӱȥƷ˸ܱϲĵ̫ˣܣڻˣ
ˣҺ֯ԺҲٴˡƷ絭һЦ
ĦͷмˮȻƷ˵úƽں֯ежǷǳġ
ʱƷ粻ɫʹеĶϳȥϳģ˫ȭսгŹŭ
ϳƷ磬Цܣɻˡ
˵ţϳ
磬ȱ𶯡Ʒ統ֵ
ϳһ㶣Ҳסʹ಻Ҷˡ
Ʒɫָ࣬ڶϳϼط˼£˶ϳϵѨϳȫ޷ˣڵʹҲʧˡ
£Ʒֱӽϳս𸮵޸ռС
ϾϳϵȫɺڰάסģûдӸԴϻָ˶ϳƣ޸ռȫĽϳϵ޸
ϧľǣʧȥ˫ȾͲٻˡ
ţƷתŰĦǣ˵ѾûˣúϢһ°ɣȡ
Ħһû뵽Ʒ綼û취ɫȻףⶼҵĴҡ
磬˵ЩˣѾȥˡƷͻȻ˰ĦĻ֣صĵڣ¿ʼʱ򡣡
¿ʼ
ûħӰ֯Ȼʧءã֮ǰЩūǻʱٷƷŵĵ
ЩūĦ̾Ϣһ
ǺǰɣƷʡ
Ħûлش𣬵ҲĬˡ
磬ҿԱ֤ҿЩūΪħӰ֯ǿһƷ˵ûһ˿Цӡ
Ħһ㶣дŵƷ磬ĵ˵ͷ㣬Ҳ֧㣬úȥɰɣħӰ֯ͽˡ
ңƷһ㶡
ûħӰ֯ʧҪԭңѾ˺ܾˣҾʺϳΪЩūŷ㣬˼ġĦ˫۽Ʒ磬һ˿֮⡣
磬ɾԲУôأƷԵúΪѵӡ
Ѿˣⶴ˭һֻҪΪħӰ֯áһĴ磬ȻվһϣܽħӰ֯ߵ·ĦĻص
ĬĬվһߣڰĦĻ뷨򶼻ȫְ֧Ħġ
ƷͷѰ˼ã̧ͷŰĦðɣҪ¸ıħӰ֯ҲҪƶµƶȡ
ıħӰ֯ƶµƶȣĦɻ󣬵˺档
ħӰ֯ѾǹȥˣҲҪ¸ıսˡԺħӰ֯ͽţΪ磬ϷʦΪŴϣͬšƷ˵
ţϣ
֪ΪΣ⼸µۣĦǾֺ˷ܣѪĸо
УһжģĦɫԵЩֵ齨ħӰ֯ĸо
ϷҲû򵭵ĻصɼＷȵĹâ
ãƷ˵ͷֵţһɣɷΪ֧ţЩҪԺ˵ˡ쳽ΪһӣЩԭūΪӣμ·֡
ȻĦЩɺЩʲôһʲô˼Ǻܼͷ
˻Ʒ˵ŵʵϻ̫ʱԭħӰ֯սԣͨܵ½
ͽϷȥɡͻȻ˵
ǾõڶЩūһæɣǷѵĻĥƷص
ãû⡣
ܵʱҪȥͨУ»ⷢ

ɽ
ɽ
һ£ɰѰĦǸסˣɽǴ½յ֮һ
ܣɽĦüͷ
Ǻǣû£˵ȥоϲġƷһЦ
ϲ
Ħû뵽Ʒ羹ˡ
ܣ⾪ϲʲôĦģҲĶƷ硣
ʱ֪ˡƷտڲԡ
ǺðɡĦֻúεЭˡ
Ϸʦȥɣÿ㣬ΪܾﲻرİȫƷĵ
ãϷȥ졣˵꣬㹰˳˶ҡ
ߺ󣬰Ħ㲻ʣܣ¡
ģа취ƷЦ
ǾͰˣҿɲôʧȥĦ
ǺǣҲǡƷͬȻһЦ

ţҲʽˣЩūΪʼ·չ
ҲźһЩūʼܵĿ䣬ķɽ⿪ܵɲǺøɵĻЩū޶ֻȥͨܵ
ɼ䣬һܵĿУЩūͬҲڽżѵϵ׳ʵ
쳽һūҪΪԽһЩԱħ
ƺһеһУڰƷļƻпʼŵʵҲ֪
ˣƷӵеɲ˼򵥡


347 ߵ
ʱţ󣬶̶̰¹ȥ
ƷǶеĺ˳ͨɽܵҲһ롣ħУ쳽ǵչҲܿ졣ĺͯҲһ֮С
Ϊȫµɣ漰һЩµ˼룬ĶǱĬˡ
ÿΣƷĦǼΪϡ쳽ΪһӣЩūΪӣһԵı֣֮һӵıҪڶӣעصľʦص
һеһУƺǰƷĹڽš
źǣϳ޷ԼѾΪ˵ʵղ跹˼ĦֻÿңеѾȫƷˡ
ħУԽ쳽ǵ̺ܿ졣Ʒ˵̫ˡ
ƷҲ֪ѭֲ£Ʒ绹ϣܹʵ
ԾģƷ羹Ȼ棬ĿһС
ϲķ֣û뵽СĽҲܿ졣ռĥСǿ࣬ҲɳࡣоǿµĽٶȣÿڿҪ֧ʱСдħΪԴ䣬ʽûˣѾﵽĽ׼ħˡ
Ʒο͵͵Ķ˼С͵͵뿪ˡ
ʱƷټƶռУǰֱ߶ȥ
ᣬһС
Υˣߵš
Ʒ룬ʵô࣬ҲǵȥԿ𸮵ߵˡ
룬ӵĵſʼţΪƿռ䡢޸ռ䡢ƶռ䣬ĿռȻ棬Ʒ˵ֻһǿĸռѡ
ԣƷĺڴϣߵĿռ䣬ܹԼʵкܴİ
ɣƷվǵ֮ǰ˫۽ţڵ˫֡

Ʒһ˫ƣתǿݺݵǽһơ
ͻȻ
˵һ
ǿƾ֮£ǵžȻıЩ¶һ϶
Ʒһϲһڵһӿ˫֮УǺ죬ȷʵҲôÿеġ
ħһ״̬
Ʒһ̼Ѫǣ˫гɫâǵеһưĺɫⲨ
ѽ
ƷһǿĿħӿ˫֮Уһǵ򿪵Ľаȥ
һ
Եһ´ˣƷҲǿķ֮ɷڵء
£Ʒ㱾ʶǴ򿪽Ŀռȥ澹ȻƶռƣӵټĿռ䣬ǧˣⲿȥƺûʲôر
ѵǸռ䣿
ƷɻҲԵЩʧϾĲڸ͵Ŀռ䡣
ƷҲǺܺ棬ǸԿռĻֻʲôĹأ
ţƷվ˫һȫµĿռ䡣
֪ΪΣƷ׼̤ǵռʱܸокܳأ̫ڴʲô
һ
ֻм֮ľ룬ƷߵòС̶һ㣬ߵúܻ
ڣߵ˽ſǰƷ̧һţ׼Ҫ̤Ƭռȥˡ
ɣƷ˫ۣƺһעһ㣬ݺݵһ̤˽ȥ
ͻȻ䣬Ʒ͵һһİϢǿƷԺ֮С
ʱռ䣬Ϊ֮˼֮أһ죬ڵһ꣬˿Ϊأʱתʱ䲻䣬Ϊ֮ǬΪ֮
оϢƷ͵˫ۣɫԵüΪļ鲻ԽͷЦҲ
ʱռ䣬򵥵˵һֳĿռ䡣ڴ˿ռһ꣬ǹȥһ죬һһɼռжôĿ£Ȳ˷ʱ䣬ֿгֵʱʵռĻǶʱһǿԶԶһˡ
µľǣʱռ֮Уȡ߱ľǾ㹻ǿĻȫģĿռ䡣Ҳ˵ħĻһģħĻͬħܡ
ߣʱռ䣬ŲǿˣƷȭͷ
ڣ˵Ʒڴ½ҲһɲС͢Щ߲μ˵Ʒ绹̫ԶˣӲƴʱ
ؼĻƷ籾ʵԼԽ˵ڰ˲㾳ĻƷ㲻پ¹͢ڰ͢ˣԽˡ
ߣ͢ڰ͢ԽǶҵţƷһǸصĴۣƷݺݵš
ģƷһӰʧС

һУΨаĦɫûĶϳ
ܣõ𣿡Ħʡ
ϳ΢ͷɽŰĦ˵磬ŸճһҪæûˡ
ǺǣжھͿˡĦ΢΢һЦ
Ĳףֻһ˶ѣŻʲôʸƳϣôȥڣʱĺʹԼҪԼʱǸжãͲΪŵ׸ˡϳ޺޵˵˫ȭ߬úܽ
ܣǧô룬һа취ġĦο
Ǻǣȶûˣܰʲôϳʹĵ
ȻܣһϤͻأ
˵һ
ƷЦݣŵĲӣӭ߽˶С
ܣ
Ħһ֪ΪΣÿοƷЦݵʱܸоƺһжϣ
ʱƷߵ˵ǰŶϳǸɫȻӣЦ磬ȻҲʧȥ˫ȣȴ԰ʵǰҪǿ
ģϳ˫ϣ˻Ȼȥ˵Ǳôǿһõķ˶ѣ붯ˣôȥɱУ
˭˵ģƷЦ
ϳһ㶣ϲʣѵа취
ȻУøǿǳԽʥ򣡡Ʒŵĵ
Խʥ򣡣
ϳˣǰĦҲԵرļ
ҲڿЦġƷһ棬Ħʣˣ磬ܵĴͨҪ೤ʱ䣿
Ħ˼˻صǰڵĻıȽҲͨ˿һľˡڵĻ̿࣬ټһЩܵĻŻҪʮʱ䡣
УǾжʮʱˣƷ˷ܵЦ
ʮꣿ
Ħϳ׵ľסˣƷĻƺѾȫΥˡ
ûǶʮ꣡Ʒһ࣬ûڿЦӡ
ܣʮ᲻̫˵㣿Ħסʡ
̵ܶģ̵ĺܲ˼顣ƷһЦ϶ɣȥһħ

ɵסˣĦǱŶϳƷźħȥ


348 ͹
ãƷŰĦħ
ʱħУ쳽һֵȭоҰڴһ㣬Ϊ죬ÿһȭƷǳ֮͡
ڰĦǶ쳽ǵֹȭĦ̲סʣܣʲôȭûм
Ǻǣȭģÿһ﹥ʽݻɵһȭ͡쳽Ƕùݵ죬ҾȭʺƷ΢΢һЦ
оĺǿлĻҲȥ̽̽֡ĦסˣȭҲǳȡƷҲǸеԽӵ𾪣Ҳʵ̫˰ɣĹʽоݻԳһȭ
ʱ쳽֮УһƷǹ׷ͣ˶ĳƷȭϣϣ
һ룬Ҳһƣȷʵдڷ緶
ɣһĳƻڰĦϳбһرĸо̼Цݡ
Ʒеĵ˵ͷĵڴ½֮УŵʵģΪǿԽȸūΪڵӣǱŵʵǿ𣿡
ף
һƣһսƬƺһЩ֮УһƷݣƷǴǿǵУƷǵ񣬾ȥĻҲԥȥ
ĦǿĻĸο˫۷ˡǰǳϣԺžԻڴ½
ٶƷ˵ȻҪǿǾ͵ŬȥԣһһطչضʮĿޣϣҪ׼
ʮꣿ
˽Ȼһ˵Ǻ£ֻ벻ȻһҪչôꡣ
Ƕʮ֮ڴ½綼֪Ҫٱ仯ˣҲ֪Ҫжūˮ֮С
Ʒüͷһ壬ʣôǶԸ𣿡
һǲ֪Ӧ
ʱ쳽ҾǰԺʲôĥѣǱض׷
ԣ׷һ˸Žк
׷

̼䣬ˣһһ಻ϣûһ˿١
ĦϳҲǰ𺳵ĳȾˣгżҪЩӰһĿ
ǵУΪƷԺԻһɫ䣬ҲԻڴ½ǿǺġ

Ʒ˵һ
ʱ䣬յһ㣬尲Ʒ硣
Ʒ绷һˣвԳ𸮣̧Ͽմһӣһɫâֱסħ
Ƕ
˼ˣǿǶʶƷ𸮵û뵽ǾȻǵ
ʱƷڽâ֮£ԵޱȵʥϵĴһգ
һ֮£ħеˣʱ䶼ʧһâ֮УƷ綼ʧˡ
ţ𸮼СĽ䵽ħ֮
һ̣˱㱼һټյĿռ֮Уʱƺ˸е仯һĸо
ǣ
ɻ󣬷׷׺ȥƺûʲôرĵطоħĿռеƣнʮʩѹħơ
ܣʲôطĦסʡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ㻷˳еһռ䣬Ϊʱռ䣬һĻֻǹһѣʮʱ䡣
ʲô
Ʒ˵Ļһըһ㣬ݺݵ˵бը˿Ϣʵ̫ˡ
һ꣬һ죬Ҳʵ̫˼˰ɡѾȫΥ˳ȫԽʱơ
þã֮޷ƽ£ĿĽƷ硣
Ħϳŵȫѹ˵Ʒ˵ʮʱ̣ܶԭĻֻǹ˶ʮѣҲʵ̫ˡ
ʮĻǲǿˣϵʵǿԴﵽһµĲΡ
ܣ⡭ⶼ𣿡ĦԵΪļһŵӡ
Ȼģпܻƭ𣿡Ʒһ۰Ħ
ʵ̫ˣĦĽ쳽ҲԵ쳣ļʮʱ㹻ǵʵȫµĲˡ
˵ҾԻǿģǳԽڰ͢Ʒݺݵ˵
Ƕ㣡
ĦϳƷ磬ʱżЦݡ
ʱƷ绷ˣֻҪܸҺúŬĻԶΪǿսʿʥ˵Σ
ЧңЧң
̼䣬˶˷ܵĻ
ûƷıǵˣԺ󶼲ųūˡ
ԺҲΪһսʿڴ½֮С
ԣǵУ˶Ʒһ𾴣ĻǶƷ˸м
ʱĦߵƷǰʵܣҿԸһ𣿡
ȻԣֻҪ翴ңҾôʵõȫµƷЦ
룬ܹʶ㣬ǽΪֵܣҾĺˡĦϵЦˡ
ֵ֮ͱôˣʶǲҵءƷЦЦֳŶϳ˵磬ʮʱ䣬һ۷磡
ɡҵȡϳɫֲȻ
Ʒͷ磬ȻҲ˫Ȼа취ǿҲһһȥս
ģ
ϳ˫˸˼Ĺâ
ûƷһ棬ɴ˳һĶͻȻڵ֮С
ⶫΪ졣ԺԵĿһӣͬǣӵװţӵĹ켫Ϊӣ˿ɵ㶵ģȫ⡣
ܣ⡭ǣϳסʡ
Σж磬ǰЩʱ䣬һֱŪⶫģξҵľǿǼӲĺܣ׻ȥƷ˵
Σ
ʵĴ˾ˣ˶Ĵǹӣƺ˶ӺͼӲһЩ֮⣬ƺʲô
ϳüͷεĵܣȻ˵ⶫҷжôⶫȥսأܸоⶫҲԼǷһ
˭˵ģƷЦһЦֺϣҿΪʾһ¡

˿ɺأһ˫˫ȫƷϣ͵ĹߣƷֻôЧأ


349 µĹ
ʱƷŵϣһصЦݡ
ϳ˫۵ɵӰôѲⶫô
ţ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˫ְϡ
͵ģƷٵһת˱οٵţٶȲڱߵٶȡ
ÿ죡һ
Ʒ羹ǵĿ֣ǰɺҲݵת򣬸оƷ粻ţǳ
˿ĿɿڴȫעƷľʱݡ
ͻȻ˵ľ֮УƷȻڳ˫һģ˾ڿշݵһ˸ǰշص䵽Ħϳǰ
磬㿴вƷЦ
ϳһ£ҡͷУֻѧôȥܶѣ˵ȥԸ˵Ļ𣿡
ܣҲôãȻⶫжҪϵĻ¾鷳ˡĦ֣ص˵
˭˵ⶫͲսˡƷЦ磬Ҫ򵥵ʾɣ
ңĦһ㶡
Ȼ㡣Ʒ˵ˣǧʵŶҲõĻⶫⶫҪеĻѵǣԴúúңö翴ⶫ
˵ţƷһֺǺǵĳŶϳЦš
Ħĵͷ˵ʵĦҲĺʶһεк֮
£ĦСĽϳһߣҲɢ˿ÿһƬռһ˫˫ӽƷ硣
˵ףĦҲһλʥǿߡȻƷʵǿ󣬵һĶãҪԸһλʥǿߵĻȷʵкܴѡ
ʱĦվһߣƷ硣
Ʒĵ磡֣Ĵһ
õġĦսսȭͷһǿҵҫѵˣ
Ʒ򾲵ϡ
ԭĦһֱƷʵѵôõĽֻᣬĦҲǲʹ˷ˡ
͵ģĦһһ䵽Ʒǰһȭһɫâһɾ;Ʒ˹ȥ
Ʒְ֣Ϊֱǲġ
ͻȻ䣬Ʒ羹˰Ħ࣬һֳצ׼Ħǳȭֱץ˹ȥͬǯӰο۽
ݵãƷմһĦһ֮ûϵƷ㹥˾ʧȥİǰ˷˳ȥ
ãĦݣڼصʱӰջһȦڵأʵȭͷٵƷ󱳳˹ȥ
ಣ
ǿһȭֹȥˣֻƷĺס
ۼһȭҪƷʱ
Ȼ󣬹һĻȻˡ
Ʒ粻֪һοȻ㵹ȥƷҲһĦպһȭ˸ա
ʲô
Ħһʶ˲ԣѾˡ
磬ԲסˡƷ͵̽һӱ߬˰ĦŰĦݺݵĽĦӷ˳ȥ
ڣƷҪϳЧһµµÿɲᡣ
ͨһ
Ħ䵹ʮ֮Ʒһһ⣬λָԭƷȻЦϡ
ǿ
˿Ŀɿڴڶϳ˫Ҳʼ˸ȵĹâû뵽ڹΣȻ˶湦ܣ˴ֲ
磡ˣİɣûµġƷȻ
ĦɫһԵƷУĦҲ汻еս⡣
͵ģĦǴһӭƷڵķ򣬳ɫǿ˫ֱ˹ȥƾ֮ӿֳһţһɾƷȥ
ȻսУǰĦʹԶ̹֣һµҲ˾ŷ֮
ⲻ֪Ʒ羹һ˿˼ûУ͸ϣȻڳһƣһʽ
һ
ƷһƻһǿײУƷ粢û˼ǿƷ羹˳ˣϵּٵƶȥƷ羹ܵκεˣֻսԵѡ˱ˡ
ɣƷ絭ĳɵеĶϳ˵磬ʱ㲻һҪȥӲʽȫԽ˵Լܵκεˡ
ϳͷ
ĦϳҲˣҲ˷͵ּƷ˹ȥ
ƷȻ򶨣ŰĦķְŪһϵİ֡
ʱڰĦƷʣ̶̾ʱ
ͻȻ
ݼ
ߵİ֮УȻŰĦӲ
ʲô
Ħɫ䣬û뵽ϾȻŰĴڣʵ̫ԷӦˡ
ĦʱӦҲ㲻ģЩӲＴԼϵʱ򣬵ὣǰһ߾ˡ
飡飡
һ֮죬ԭǼӲʯ˰ĦĽϣ԰Ħκε˺ĦǱη˵Զ
ţƷֳɫеĶϳЦǺǣ磬ҸղŵİǼʯͷĻҿοɵҪúóһˣ˵𣿡
ϳһ㶣ɼϳѾЩˣһ˫пʼȼһϣĹâ
Ħˡ
͵ģĦ˫һɣھƷֻʲôһǰȻְһƱ˹ȥ
ݣݣ
Ǽ죬εİּӲʯ׼ŰĦ˹ȥ
һΣĦбټһӱնЩӲʯĦֱƷȥһƺƷ˹ȥ
ۿһƾҪƷʱƷ羹ǵһ㣬Ǳ¶һ˿Цݡ

ĦܸоЩԣ벻ﲻԣƾѳʱֲջ
֮£Ħֻȫƾǿҵ⣬ݺݵƷ͵ػȥ
һ̣˲ס˺ĿתĶҵһĻ´ʧÿһϸڡ
ѵһʥǿȫ֮£ֲƷӦԹȥ
ݣ
һӿհ죬˵Ҳһ
ͻȻƷоǺݺݵߵİһ־ǽһ㣬ȻڰĦȫ޷֮£ĳֱĦϻȥ
⡭
ĦĿɿڴû뵽ϾȻ˽ʵ̫ˡ
˸˵ö˶˵ĿƷ羹ȻǴΰϳ⻻˭˭Ҳ벻͵ϮĹʽʵ̫ˡ
ʱ򣬰ĦĹȫˣɫޱȵľֻ֣Ÿȫˡ

Ʒ罣죬ֻɼۣһɾֱϮ˰Ħؿ֮С

ĦһУǹɾ˳ȥ
ңղƷֻǼʾѣκεɱֻ֣ǻ˰ĦȻٽĦ˳ȥѡȻ͸ղ͵ϮһǰĦǵ˵ĻƷмǧַĦɱˡ


350 ʼ
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˵ľȷӦ
Ʒ粻ɽջأĿɿڴеĶϳ˵ԸˣµĲǰֻһԻ˵ֶζѣҪҪڵ޷¸һ
ϳѾĴˣ벻ŹֵӾҲԼǿ
ĦƷ磬ɼҲǱƷղչ¶Ǽָ׾סˡ
Ʒɫһⶫɲֹֻӭϵ˵ĹֻҪյĺãȫռơ
ƣϳ⡣
Ʒ˵ͷŰĦ֣ص˵磡Сˣ
Ħһսеĳ
ͻȻƷ͵˫һ֡
ವһ
ƷĿΣٵĦȥٶȼޱȡ
Ħ󾪣ܷӦµԾ
Ʒ˫һģƷӽһ㣬һһΣճԾ
ĦһͦһֱƷ˹ȥ
ⲻ֪ƷĶ˵Ĺ죬ǰ⶯ΣڰмĻţٵƵһУȻһײ˹ȥ
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ۼƷ˴ξҪһײȥʱƷͻȻһ⣬ξǷ˿һôǷ϶֮С
Ħɫ󺧣ʶ˲ԣջ
ⲻ֪ڵƷ羹һ˹ȥӵǳ֮УǷΪξֹǰ⿪ķ϶ֱӽһļס
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ĦһӾǱЩеĳȴȻξţһαͻȻʧȥģ׹䡣
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һ̣˾Ϣɵ㶵ŻµƷ硣ֱ٣Ե˵ĸߴϡ
ƷڵأĿֱеĶϳ֣ص˵õʲôֻҪʹúãͬǿһûʲôԣܽⶫеĽǰʹãͬҲһǿ
ǿĹϳ׵ļˣȫѣʧȥ˫ȣ¶ϳվˡ
ɣƷٴλͷ˰ĦߣվһǸЦǺǣ磬ղŶðˡ
ղĺǿ룬ҲлⶫǸжãĦɵĸ̾
ޣô˵ЩôĻѧҵ似ʮʱһ𣿡ƷȤЦ
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ȻᡣƷЦһЦɻϳȥЦʣ磬ⶫΣ
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лʲô粻ȥ԰ɡƷЦ
ڣϳһ㶣˫ȴǳһڴ˷ܡ
ƷЦͷĽƵ˶ϳǰϣֵĶӦ˵ȣЦǺǣرΪļ֫Ȼ˵˫ȴв죬ǿߡ
лллϳٴαжĿˣû뵽ƷԼôϸġ
ţƷ罫ʹ࣬ĽǼ֫˶ϳ¶ϽУϾƷ绹޷ȫָϳʧȥ˫ȣѡ
ܡĦ˫Ҳˡ
쳽Ҳǲɷ׷ȻĴͷ
ʱϳѾΣһϡŪ֣ŲţЦܣⶫоġ
Ǻǣ磬ⶫҪôĻҲһѡжʮʱ䣬һöһһǿƷᶨĵ
Ҳʧģϳĵͷ
ƷοЦˣתǼţűûеʮʱϣܿǿңҲ֮˭˵

Ʒ˵꣬һ
ھͲҪ˷ʱ䣡ʼƷ˷ܵĽкһ

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ĦϳһۣƷ磬жĿˡ
˺ʮƷ罫㾡ܣϰǽر
ȻĦǵĶѾͣƷϰĦµĵϢ֮ҲǿԼٶбȫͬ似ڰĦǵʵҲǴǿ
֪ʱռУټƷڲͬǿʽ˵ʵԵš

𣡺𣡡
һµĺ֮һι״ܰεضȻڵһڵϣӿɢ˿͵˰ĺڰ֮
ƺûνĿռƣ޾Ŀն޾ĺڰ޾аϢ
Ȼһڶĺڰ֮У¶һ˫Ѫɫͫףһ״ǹɺڰ֮֮һλӵĿͬϲ֮Ǳ߸ǳ˼ԵüΪȡ
ǹϢĺ֣ѵ˴ӡ֮ˣǹƺԵúɻ
СĿЩСɫѡһǺ֮УֳһӴ
ڵƣͬͨں֮ɫڰԿ
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ߣ͢Ա㲻ʲôвĵǹɹŹֵϢ첻С鷳
Ǿ˻ʣСѵĲ뷵ħ𣿡
ߣﱾܹصħ籾͵õӣñлȥıҪ𣿡ĵ
СľҲ׷ŴˡǾЦ
һһױǹڰ֮С


351 
ոһգʱռȴ긴һꡣ
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Ʒʮʱ˽ϰȫµĹʽԼʵȻδеõͻƣҲȹеľ磬ͻƵļ
ǣʱеĽ飬ȴǵõһԵĽƷʮʱĥƷ羹һȫµĽҲԭд˵нﵽһ潣

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ȻƷǵվǧˡÿ˵ϣͷųһǿսʿӵеս⡣ŵǣȴǿĸо˵ʵǿһֻǿһѡ
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һ㶣ƺŴ˵ϷѾܵͨɽɽĵԭϷ򲻸룬Աڽɽ֮ǰһ󶴸Ƕڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡
Ʒĵ˵ͷɻͷŰĦ˵磬еӶǨǱߵĶȥɣҸоﲢرİȡ
û⡣Ħͷ֮ǰûȡƷŵħӰ֯ڸڰĦѾȫͬƷľˡ
ƷѰ˼˻ͻȻֵˣΪ˰ȫǾͷ߰ɡ
ܣҪôţĦʡ
ÿһλϴ죬ҵ·ϻЩ⣬ֻͷλˡƷ˵
û⣬Ƕһ·ѡϳЦ
ˣܣأĦͻȻʡ
ҾﲻǺܰȣ븺뿪ԻϹȥƷص
Ħһ㶣Ʒ˼ˣԺͲǵˡҲʮĸˣͻȻ˵Ҫ뿪ĻڰĦǵлǻġ
þãĦ̾ðɣԼСĵ㡣
ûģھͿжˣԽԽáƷĵħƷǸо̫ɿ
ţĦλϣдһȺӣʼǿܵӿȥ
ʮħӰ֯ҲǴӴʧˡ


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Ħɵ㶵ĵͷ
ţƷСһͬŰĦǣֱħķȥ


357 
λ㣬һҪ֮ǰƷ粻ٴѵ
˵˵ͷ˾񣬽Ʒÿһ
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ͻȻһλŮ˽ȻֻλŮҲȻı䲻ǸŮò
ǸŮ˽۽ëһ£ӯĲӣߵǴǰһֻƿһߵĴϴһЩˣ˿


361 ƷϢ
Ůһĺ΢΢һ۽ë˫ۡϧտɫӣѾȫûյĹʣԵЩ
衣Ů΢΢һЦ׼
˿ҷɡǸŮֱ̿Ůӡ
û㲵ŮӱǰƷйԼĹѩ˿ϧǹȥöˡ
ǸŮҲƷĸףưȡ
ڣѩ˿ѾȫԼѾƷˣ˽µĻѩ˿Ѿзưˡ
ưȿѩ˿ǰ㲵ɫʹ۵̾˿ɫֱˣûϢȸһЩħɣȻȥôܵˡ
ˣ裬ûõģǲҪ˷ħˡѩ˿ҡҡͷЦʣˣ裬ûƷϢ𣿡
ûСưεҡҡͷ̾λصǿ߾ƷĻͶûʲôˡ
ǳ˰ɣѩ˿ɫһ䡣
Ҳ֪ưɫȻγԼӣ˵ʹĻưȻ᲻ʹֻǷưȵҪѩ˿ǿѡ
šѩ˿΢΢˵ͷʣ裬˵Ʒ绹𣿡
ᣡȻᣡưȿ϶ĵ
Ϊʲôڻѩ˿Ѿ˸⡣
Ҳ֪ԼԭɡڻҲʱƷûϴѣóȻĻ⵽ڼƲã۹ҲŹġ˵ţưȵɫǳĴ
һֱԲЩµģҪԶӡѩ˿ִĵ
˿αأưҡͷ̾Ϣһһָѩ˿һ㲵˿ʵ㻹ᣬڵ۹гɫҲкܶ࣬ΪξҪִڴأĻн㿴ڵ壬㻹ֶܼáʱҶеԼУرǿӣеԼĺˡ
ǧⲻ£ѩ˿ˡ
ΪƷ⺢ӡưʹ˵
ѩ˿΢΢ҡͷҸЦ裬֪ҵһƷʱ򣬲֪ΪʲôҾ͸оԼѾϲȻҲ֪Ϊʲôϲô죬ÿյʱദǸڲͬĸоҲ԰ΣرҸҺƷĻ֮ʱľúҸҲƷɵҾֵõġڴһ죬Ȣҡ
ɵֵʵиһֱ̲ס㣬ʱ䶼ȥôˣƷϲأưһɫĵ
ԣѩ˿Ľ͵һһҧᶨĵƷĸ飬ϲˣҲһǻѡ޸ΪҵѾ϶Ʒˡ
ǲίˡư̾Ϣһ
ȣǲ˵û̫ˡһͳͻȻӭһλӡ
û˱Ʒףԭ
˿̵ԭǱһ㣬һᣬޱ飬ɫףһоǺպһսսʿ
ԭôˣư¶һ˿ȡ
šԭеƵ΢΢˵ͷᲽߵѩ˿ĴǰԶʺúúϢˡ
ţû£ȷġѩ˿Ц
ʱҲ˰ɣϢˣۻܵġԭ˵
ţȻɡѩ˿ص
Ǻãɲ̫ŶԭӦɫӵ۷ưȣתߡ
ԭư̲ס
ţʲô£ԭͻȻͣ˽ŲûתҲǲȥŷưȡ
ûƷϢưʡ
ûСƷĻصԺҲˣ˵ҵĶˣ
ˣư˫һ죬޺޵ĵԭô˵Լĺӣ
ߣܲ˵𣿱Ѽ壬ڰ˲к峤ǽԭǸ췭ظѳɱˣǵ۹ؼҪ֪ͽһһͽ𰡣ھǾҵĶҶе裡ԭǱӣȴǲ֪ԭ˵Щʱ˫۶Ѿ˸ˡ
ưЩ֮Խʹйˮã³ôһ仰ԭıˣǰһˣ
ţȷʵǱˣԺʹڻʹɣˣԭĵʰߡ
ưԭȥȴѹֲסſڴǰʹ
裬ˣԭ϶ģܸоõԭ嶼ǰƷġѩ˿οƵŷưȵ

ʱڹ֮⣬ԭ
ûԭǱˣⶼαװġ
ԭɵӣǰưȱ峤жȻƷߣк峤һᵽһģ˵Ʒµı
֪ڼ֮УǱһλµĻ֣˭ԭûİգҶֵʵ򵥣ԭѾͻƵʥ򼶵ʵҲ޼ƿʩһûҵκε֤ݡ
ԣΪԼ⵽˵Ⱥԭòưȸ͵ÿչѩ˿ԭҲΪ˻ʹеĽܳΪʹЧٷ塣
˼˻ԭɻͷ˼ǹĵȣԲˣԺһúòȥġ˶٣ԭֲս˫ȭݺݵƷ磡㻹ϿŮΪʹ𣿡
ţԭһʰԺȥ
ԭˣ롣һλӭ
ţԭһ㶣صõģȥ
ţԭѩ۵鷿С
Ϊÿѩرԭʱһ㶼鷿м̸һЩġ
ѩ۵鷿ĴģԺرŽڹԺȴıһˡ
ԭ֮ǰߵ鷿֮⣬ĵۣˡ
ţɡ洫ѩ۵
ţԭ˽ȥѩǰȺţһԭܿЦǺǣɡ
ţлˡԭ洦Ѱ˴λ¡
˿ôˣѩͻȻʣҲûյĹʡ
ãһֱŹԭĻص
šѩ΢΢ͷ㳶ʵˣ֪˵ڼ˲ٵɣʵ
ǰɡԭص
кοѩ̽Եʡ
ڼ˵ĻΪǿʵ˵ĽǶȥĻͿͼıԭǺֱӵĻص
ޣѩ¶һ˿ȣʣ㣬վĸǶȣ
ˣԭһӦ
ţûˣǵ뷨綼һˡѩ΢΢һЦ
ȻҲѡԭ˵
ţǱҲֻѡˡѩ˫˸žâ


362 ڰ˵
Ѿ˵úˣ˶Ѿվͬһսˡ
ԭֵܣ֪ΪαԸڻʹϽְְ֪֮֮ܳܳɼѾƿ˻ʹдıˡѩЦеʵ
ΪңҸ飬ҲδۣҲԭǺֱӵĻص
ǺǣڼĴ֮У֮⣬ΨĳһҶ۹ΪҳˡѾˣ뵽˾ֻˡѩЦ
ԭһֱѭΪ۹ԭᶨ˵һ˿١
ţ㣬Ҳڼ壬ǲĳ˶ѡѩ۵ĵ
ĳˣָ֪˭ԭüͷһ
Ǻǣڼ˭ְȨ˭ڸеѩ۷ʡ
еĴϣԽԭ
ţĿΣ˵ʵѩʡ
ţԭ˼˻ǴϵʵҲ̫峤йһνƺʵ¡
£Ƕǰ飿ѩۼʡ
ʮ֮ǰԭص
ѩ˫һ̽Ե˵ʮ֮ǰԽʵ峤¡ʮʱԽһֱڰпޣԽ峤ʵã۹г֮⣬ܹɱ峤ˣ᲻ԽĿҪһ㣿
ЩԭǲúܾȣʵƷ縴֮оͽ˺ü£˾֮ˣܹһɶˣҲֻԽֿˡֻܻɣѰκε֤ݡ
ѩۼԭһصӣʣôˣԭ֣
ޣû¡ԭ˹
ǺǣղֻǱһ²ѣϣ档ѩ΢΢һЦһ˫ȴһֱûԭ뿪
Ҳҵһ²⡣ԭ
Ǻǣǵ뷨ߵһȥˡѩЦտ
ţ²ĻԽɾͲöԸˣϾǲ۹ΪڼһԱֲڼͻҾˡԭ֣صĻص
ûǶԸĲڼ壬ԽֻҪҳ㹻֤ݵĻţСҲģϾڼҲĺᡣѩЦ
ţҪ֤ݵĻҪҵһˡԭɫ¶һ˿ӵС
˼ѩЦЦİɣıŮڵȢأ
ǻԭһأԭʡ
ԭǳףаԵ˳񣬲Ϊְ֮๼ЩǱ֮£һԵɽǳҲټ׷ȥˡѩ۵Ļص
ǺǣǴӢԭϲЦ˵Ʒ۹еϴˡ
ţȥɣջضƷϢ֮󣬻׻ġѩ΢΢˵ͷɫаˣ̾ң˿ĲѾٵȥˡ

ɽС
ˣɽûб䡣
ǣɽµĵصУȴȫı仯ˡ
ɽ£Ǳһ޴ĶܵħΪڣͨɽĸܵ
֮Уڻڵĸǿ࣬Ȼǲͷʥͷ߽ħѾȫˣʱֻҪڸƿռ临ƵĻ㸴һѳˣѾǾ߱һµˡ
֮⣬֮УµĵӣΪūѴ˹ģǳС
֮УƷһֱЩµָϵӵʵŵʵڷٵšĦֻǸչϵĴӸھū
Ȼ̳ħӰ֯սģʽڴ½мܵڴ½֮䣬ֻʱûнܵʽͨ۹ǣǺΣյġ
һΣƷһӴʱռ˶ʮ󷵻˶˵ʵִ࣬Ҳȫı仯ˡ
ƷȴǵʱռУš
ˣˡ
ƷʱռУȻ˵϶ָӵԼҲ㹻ʱ侲ޡܿϧľǣƷۺʵѾﵽƿˣƾ޵ĻһЧûС
ȻʱƷʵǿʵ˲٣ûʵԵͻơ
ɣƷǰǰһš
ߵţʱռ䣡ȷʵǶʵкܴİǰЧȽԡ
Ʒ룬ʱҲȷʵǹȥˣʵҲƺ㹻ˣǵúúȥԿڰ˵ˡ
Ͼ𸮵ÿһڵĿռ˵Ʒջʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ粻ߵڰ˵֮ǰ
֪ΪΣƷڿǰʱһرĸоָоȫ˵һȴǺоƷһѹһϵѹ
ɣƷһְǵǰоǵůůģһɿµֱб棬ƷӲһ¡
ţ
ƷһǲŲ˼һɫĶǰǵš
֣жƷء
У֮⣬ĶΪʵռ븨ռ䣬˵ڰ˵ţƷ羹ǸойֵϢڡ
ѵ𸮵ˣ
Ʒԥˣ𸮵֮ν˾дͨ˵ףԼҲɻԵõ𸮣˾ԭˣһʱŭĻԼˣ뵽ԼҪ𸮵ˣǸ˵ʲôô
Խ룬ƷԽǸеǵ֮Ʒջʵ̫ˡ
ڣãƷ绹Ųӣ̤ǵ֮ǰ
ʱƷأ˫۽ǰţڵ
ˣȴ򿪽˵Ʒȫ¶˾ġ
͵ģƷһ˫ǿǵ˹ȥ
һ
֪Ʒ̫ǿˣʵ̫ˡ
û뵽ǵžǲѴ֮Ʒá
ô£
Ʒ㵣˫ۼ˲š
֪Ӵ򿪵ڶſʼÿһŶǲʩѹһһŸǿȣƷʵÿһʹ򲻿Щš
ֵľǣ˵ڰ˵ŵʱΪƷ֮ǰûԹԲ֪ڰ˵ſ˵ףھǳʼĵڶˡ
£Ʒǽȥ
ķ֣һСһ㡣ֵľǣͿʲôرĶǹɹϢȴʵʵĴڡ
ޱȵĺ棬һ˿Ŀ־壬Ʒ翪ʼŲӣͨǵš


363 
ۼƷҪ̤ڵʱ
͵ģһǿƷһ˿ӦĻᶼûС
һ˲䣬Ʒ㱻˽֮ڵĿռ䡣
ǡ
ƷٸпɫȥȻһˡ
ռСһСĴСյǰһš
ǣƷ类ȽռеʱԺȴϢ
ţƷ缱ˣܸоСĿռֱ˼һĸо˲˺⡣
ûжƷǿľȴȫѰκε˿
ڣƷ绹̲ˣʵǰСðǰ£
ΪƷǲκϣġ
ⲻ֪ƷĻ˵꣬ռ֮УͻȻһɿֲѹѹر𣬾ӿƷΪĿ꣬Ʒѹȥ
ٶƷɫ䣬תڵȫǿʼȥǹɾѹ
һ
žйرˣҲ˵Ʒ类סˡ
ʲô
Ʒ缱ˣռȷʵжڣҲԸоǶѾŭˣϵĶԼչʩѹ
ǰǰƷأѹǰδУȫ
һ㡢㣬㡭
Ʒ粻ϵǿڵǹѹҲƷʵǿʩѹϢޱȵĳأƷоͬʯѹһ㣬͸

ƷʹһƺҪ֧ŲȥˣȫѾޱͷųȻǵסɾѹ嶼챻һ㣬ܲѡ
ڣƷ߶Ųˡȫϵĸؽ򱶣Ѿ쳬Ʒĳܼˡ
𣡡
һۻĺ֮Ʒڱħ״̬ˡ
̼䣬Ʒ㻯һ޴ĹĶֻ޴״ȫһɱըԵڸ֮ı
𣡡
һĺ֮ռ䶼΢΢һƷȫһһȼ˹ɫâǹɾѹǱˡ
ϧάûãǹɾѹͽȻǿѹ̼䱩ٱǻǳǡ
Ʒһѹʵ̫̬ˣԼѾþˣǹѹͷǸǹԼһڳı
ѹѹѹ
һɽ㣬ƷټҲɷľѹ֮гˣѹӣȫҵĲˮ
һ
Ʒ˫ȱѹóڵأ֧ŵ棬ڴŴѪɫͫв˾֣ȫһεģƺôŬǹѹǻһӷԼȻٺݺݵıѹ
ͨ
ʹʣƷټǱԵſȥʹǿڸоҲҪǹɾѹһ㣬˺ҧľʹࡣ
ѡѵ͡ô𣿡Ʒһ˫ѪĿѪ˿価żµĲʡ
Ȼ˵Ʒ粢ò׵ģҲʵ̫ԩˡ
ڣǳĺڣ֪Ͳȥڰ˵ˣû뵽Ȼһռ塣
ϧںʲôã
ҾԾ͡ͲôˡƷ绹ڿţʹѾӣҰѾʼģˣʶҲڽʧ
Ʒ˫ۻǱˣƮһصС
һ̣Ʒ꾹Ȼһãã֮Уܾʵİ֮ȴĸо֮УйɷǳֲϢڡ
ҡģƷʣĻѾ޷뱾йͨˡ
ͻȻǰ֮Уֳһɫţһ˵Ϣɢ˿ȥ
ƷһĿȫסǵɫţֻоԼɫɢϢ֮УԼǱϻҪӵĴ
£ǱĿռ䣬ֻܽһ˿㽻һϵ
Ʒһ֪Ǵɫﴫģֵ̿ʣǰǰǣ
𸮵ˡٴδ
ƷһľɫĵǰʵðˣС˲֪
𼱣û˼ƷĻֵԵΪȻԺҲġ
ţƷһ㶣ƺоǿ˲Լ˼û֮ǰ
㣬֪ΪŻô׵Ŀ𣿡
Сǰ֪Ʒ繧ĵ
ţأĴڡУռĴڣӵߣӵ𸮵ǣҲܵġѾ̫𸮵ˣǰ;˵ǷǳġԱصһռ䣬Ϊ˸㣬Ҫ̫𸮣ϣܵ򣬲ȻԶ޷Ϊǿߡϵ֮Уࡣ
⻰Ʒһ𣬻ֵ̿ӦлǰĿĽ̵С࣬мԺƷԲǰ֮
ţѡеˣܺáϵ𣺡򵥵˵˵ӦһϷһսϷҪţʵδǿʱֻѭŹȥ棬ȻⳡϷҲ治ȥˣϷ;ʱζҲΪֹˡ
ǰĻСġƷŵʣС˿ɷǰһ⣿
ˣ֪ʵʲô𲻻شκε⡣ֻףӵ𽣵ʱǱļ̳ߣϣ㲻Ҫñʧصص
ҿԼǰ𣿡Ʒ粻ʡ
Ȼܿ𸮵һռ䣬ʱԻκ󡣡
һռ䣿
Ʒ羪סˣڻ֪𸮵жٲռ䣬ÿһռĿʵõ֮ǰܿ˵ȥĻһռ䵽Ҫжǿʵ
ô𣿡ʵ
Ʒ羪ѹ˫ȭᶨĵҿԣһֱԼ
ţ̳߸едһ˿ֵͣˣһ仰ɣгΪǿѭеĹܴԼĹ򣡡
ԼĹ򣿡Ʒһ
ͻȻ䣬һӴ
ƷһֻδӦƺ׹޾Ԩһ㣬һɿµ˻ȥ
ٶعʵ֮С
Ʒ绺˫ۣȻվڵڰ˵ڵĿռ֮Уƺһжûб仯ԼҲûбΪħ״̬оǾһξһ㣬κʵǺˮȴǻڴŵġ
ô£ƷʶЩתˡ
ţԺ֮УͻȻʶǿһİϢ
ռ䣡ݿռ䣬ı壬ڵκϢʵԶڱ󾳽ߣɷ֡
ԭڰ˵ڵĿռҲġ
ռ䣡Ʒ˷ܵЦЦղŵҲʵģмĵǰ˼ˣ
˵꣬Ʒ˫ȹԭߵлʽݺݵڵߵͷᶨĵǰƷһʧģϾһռҰɣ


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364 ۶
գƷгû뵽ǹȥһ졣
ƷصУ㿪ʼټеĵӣһЩɰĦǴӣҲյټϢ֮ٷ顣
ϾƷһνټ֪أĴټڴ½еж顣
ʮʱ䣬ееӲͨͨص˶֮С
ʱڶ֮Уļˣ۷׷ף֪˴ټеδ£
쳽뷲˾վȺ֮УȴǲɻһֱǴڶģв޷к飬ôͻȻ佫еӶټˣѵджˣ
˲ãƷŰĦλϳˣټྲ
ԼĦɫԵЩȻ˸
ʱƷ绷һۣλܹټ̵ʱڸϻĻǸеǳģҲŵӦӵġ
˼žȴƷġ
˻ƷֵʵټһֻϢΪҿҪ뿪ţʱ䲻
뿪ţ
˴󾪣Ϣʵ̫ˡ
ĦλϵǲþȣȻʱƷѺλϸˡ
ΪͻȻ뿪ţ쳽̲סʡ
ǺǣֲԶ뿪ţֻЩҪʱ뿪ŶѡƷЦЦĵԣ뿪ŵʱе񽫽λϹһЩİţҲλ̸ˣϣееӣмҪλϵİţ𣿡
ǣ
Ӧס
ڡʲôʱЩӲʡ
ܼ£ҲܼꡣƷ΢΢һЦϣǣûҵĴڣҲܹúȥǿ
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˵ƷһĴڣǣҲıǵˡ˵Ļֻ᱾ʶµȥִС
ⳡ棬һҳϼᶨףƷжٸοɶ쳽뷲ˣ֣صĵ쳽С뿪ʱǲزеκΪһ飬ȥúȥɡ
ţ쳽ףʦ쳽Ӧ
˵ԥ˻ʣʦܳȥĻɷ
Ʒһ㶣ЦǺǣС쳽ɶеһӣ˵ԺҪһˡϣǶܺúöȥĥҪ̫״ǳȥĻǲŻĸ࣬ǲŻǿҵĻֻǵĳɳ𣿡
ţСףлĽ̻ˡȻͷ
Ʒҡͷ̾ϢһɻͷŰĦǣĵ磬žȽˡ
ľ𣿡Ħ˫۽Ʒ硣
ǺǣѾ˺ܾˡƷһЦ
ţȥСĵ㡣Ħ˵ͷ
һġƷЦЦֳԵĶϳЦǺǣ磬ͷˡ
ţû£ˡϳֵıȽƽҲǺܲġ
Ϸʦ¼ЩӾͽˡƷ糯ŵЦ
İ½Ϸˡ򹧾Ӧ
ˡƷͻȻ뵽ʲôЦǺǣϷʦҼǵ㻹ǷһأŰɣһ㡣
ϷסƷ˵˼
ˡƷ˵ɶ˼ټĶϤһס
ˣָˡ

۶Ϊʥ۹ǣȻǷޱȣ֮ˣ಻ʤ
ǽߴ̣ƺΰа֮ߡǽΧ֮߳ŵĶӣзεڣãǽվλݵʵ
½֮УǳǴС֮ǰҪһǷѡ
ʱͨ۶֮ǰȺ֮Уλɫ׵ꡣ
һͷɫĳ磬緱貵ĺɫӣɫ׾üǿΣʲէһǸ˼ҳһװȴֺ᲻ѣûпκֵǮĶûκεӦòǽʿҲǷʦԵúͨ
ڵˡ국һЦվڳ֮ǰǰģľ޳ǡ
ιСӣǰһİõ
üͷһ壬ôõ¾Ǳ˸ˣͷһλĿɷںԼ
ޣ˼Сֻǳ۶δһ̾ܿĻص
һǳɵĳ꣬ʵ˭ǴΪҪǣ
һ㶣û뵽ǶҪôĹأʵʵĻصҽ磬ǳǣǷҸ֮صЩҩĻȥġ
ޣǿҪǷѵģ˽ǵĻҪеǼǵġǳĻص
ƺ綼׼ˣǰӻＷңЦǷѣһҾ͵Цɴġ
ǳӹң˫Цÿɱ⻹ҪöˣһļЦֵܣͲصǼˣʲôҾˣ
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ǳȻЦݣͷƷǣЦٺ٣һһɵӣ׬ˡ
뿪󲻾ãǳҪеĽҸ͵͵ջ
ͻȻһĻ֣һ֣һ¾Ȼһŷĩĩպվɳɡ
⡭ǡ
ǳĿɿڴĶеۣŭĴ̿ͣд̿ͣ
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ֿɵһ۹ͻȻĳЩͬеĳɾͬҡͷˡڳԵĻǿҪܵصĴġ
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ûλ꣬Ʒˡ
һµİ棬Ʒ˹۶
۶ǹ͢ĺأƷ֮ѡ۶ҲΪЩʥ۹͢˽⣬õİ취ǻȥ
ƷѾռĸ죬ѾȫһˣϢҲȫסˣǴﵽʵά˿ҲƷĴˡھֶˣȻС硱ѾǺձˡ
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365 µ
۶ܱųƴ½һǣȻǴģƷ۶ˣ۶Ҳʵ̫ˡС಻ʤڵ̣ӦоУƷ絹Ǻеڷ֮
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ţһλԼʮߡľŮУһ޵ĺɫۣƷһĺɫһλ촭ʮλŵ
С㣡ͣ£ŵһ亹Щ׷š
ʽŮǹȻڽֵϼУɼŮݲףҲǻʹӵܵ
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ǡãŮֱƷķٱ
Ʒüͷһ壬оǰйŵƱƽҲ㣬ɵɵվǰͻȻλƴһȥСľǽֵ봦Ե
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Լ꿴ʵ̫ͨˣĳ徢мʿöԸ˵սħʦƷ绹߽Բǡ
ŮҲסˣû뵽Է˴󵨣ٶ̫죬ҲͣˡŮıֻ˶ѣ˵˼һѾ޷ֹˡ
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ۣƷˣԼ˼أҲ˼Լ׹ģڱԼȥ˼ˣǳ˴ԩˣֵҪ
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366 Ϊū
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ϾһʥŮʥ壬
شˣ򵥵ĽͣʥŮڹ͢ռһرҪĵλʥŮﵽһʱ򣬱ɽʹתأΪʹһ㱻ѡΪʥŮʱζڴ½Ժͻʧȥ˵ĴˣҲζʥŮڼĵλˡ
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÷һ㶣˰ֻصǵģūȥ죡
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Щ˫¶Цݣ޵˿Ϊô֪ʲôʱôˣ
Ǿ˵Ӧˣ˿˫һȴǲ֪ΪλôĿġ
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ţ˿ϲɫ뿪鷿Ψ÷һ
˿ߺ󣬰ʣ÷ˣʥǱʲô𣿡
ؼʥһֱܰ֡÷˻ص
ߣǺֵܰĻǾ͸ˡӣ˵˿лᱻѡȡһʥŮѧԺûѧӣԲܳȥˡУǼһݲúȥһɡ
ǣ÷˵˵ͷ
ţȥˡת
ūˡ÷˹˳鷿
˫۽գƺһʹ࣬ã̾ǶԵŮǺܹƽ𣿡

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һ
ӦǱǿƿġ
ţ˿λ߽˷ƷЦϰ߰ɣ
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ģΪҵɣһġƷ絭Ļص
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ô½ˣƷԺ͵ΪһСµūˡ


367 ޸ܰ
㰡ôĥĥ䰡ˣǱСūͰ
ˣˣô𣿡
ʲôʲôǱСūͣūͣ
ūҲҪȴ·Ѳҹӳȥ𣿡
㡢ɫǣ

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˿ŵ˫ۣŷԼۻˣūҲô˧
˵Ʒ籾ʾԭеĹʣһū֮ɾ;߱ƷԭеĹʣԵƷ紩һ·֮󣬶һǿҵӾЧ
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ΪǷָŮһƷһױ㾪ˣһ˫ӰƷ磬ǼѾõҰһ㣬ˮˣرһŶĵۣæŰ˿˵˿С㣡ūͲɲ͸ңѡ
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368 յѨ
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ʱ䣬㱻Ǵ۵סˡ
û뵽ССĹУǹ˶ΡָȵȣÿһһЩʯ졣Ʒԭ鱦еĻǾԿһҹ֮Ϊˡ
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ʱǷָŮŤŴƨߵ˰˿ǰеһµЦ˿С㣬ǻ֮ģ÷˹ִʦ½˿СǴȥĻǿɾ͸ˡ
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Ʒ΢΢̧ͷӦáÿ
㿴ûô֪ÿ˿ֱš
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ǣճµĻҪһ˽Ӵ˰˿綼֪ȥˡƫƫֵūͣð˿²˺ġ
ѲɣԼĶֵūͶˣ
ţһش˹˿


372 ħͼ
˿һѹ̨ȥһЩԼ
صʦ˿һεվ
أϵʥʦҲؼһʦ
˿ղʧ֪𣿡ز˵
Բصʦ˿ǸĻص
Ըߵʦղʲôʧ񣿡ʡ
ҡ˿֪ν͡
ӦǸūͰɡ˼ͻȻش˹
Ȼ䣬ҺôЦ
˼Ͳᰲֵ𣿡˿ŭտʼˡ
ߣûʦ˵ʱ˲𣿡سŽ˼
˼һס˿ڡ
ͷ˫۽Ű˿˵˿ԺϿξҪΣǿѧӣͲˡ
ллʦ˿˵ͷȥһ˫ŭɫ˫ȴһֱû뿪˼
磬ҲʵսΡ
˿ҲûԷԱûлرԷ̸̸ܵģȻֱӻʵսˡ
ΪǸտѧԭʵսҲΪɻΣ˼صİ˿ѧԺˡ
ǣ102ıУûƷӰˡ
ѧԺͼݰɡ
ʱƷһϽߺɫ¥ߡ¥žҪڱסⶰ¥¥ԵЩ
Ϊѧԭһ㶼ѧᵽͼݡ
ƷҲǴòҵرͼݣΪ˲ϳԼǸū͵ݣƷرİɫ£òҲ΢΢ıһ¡
ʱƷ绳ż飬ͼݵķȥ
ͼҲʵ̫ˡݵǰλ׷ԲԵϴźࡣ
Ʒǲ뾪λߵģΪݵűرˣƷ粻òȥ߸ˡ
Ʒ̽ߵǰš
߱˹΢΢˫ۣһƷλİˣ£ʣǣ
Ǻǣҽ磬ǸѧԺͼѧϰѧϰƷЦ
ޣ߾һ£ЦѵðôѧѾˡ
šƷ粻ǽŵĴš
ޣ򵥣ѵôѧͷҾȥɡЦ
ллˡƷмĻص
ţ߱ߵǴǰ
ԭΪԿ׿ġ
û뵽Ʒ羪ȵǣ߲Կ׿ġ
ʱʹһֵƣƷȴǿԸӦߵʽ֮УԸӦһħԪֵϡ
ͻȻ˫һһǿҵİ׹Ŀԭرŵžصʧˡ
⡭Ʒ羪סˣȻħ粻ͣħ֪ʶ˽̫ˣش½оֻƷ̥ɡ
߻ͷƷǰ㾪ȵ飬оƷڲκħӦǲԵ츳ȽϺõ˰ɣЦĽ͵ɣħ磬һһ㣬ԻˡǺǣԺѧгɾˣϷҲǿġ
Ŷԭħ硣ƷƶǶӣֻǰħõЩ鼮΢΢˽һЩ
ǺǣĻϷȥưɡЦ
ǾллˡƷ繰һЦӵڶ鼮ħ鼮Уǻǲġ
߰ɡ˽ȥ
Ʒ棬½ǧħѧԺͼݣ׻жħ鼮أ
ͼ棬ŵ֮йɹϰصζ˱Ƕ
ԼټͼУ˷鼮ϣǽ֮Уǹһﻭ
Ʒ羪ˣǴ½һħѧԺڷŵ鼮ħỹҪüˡ
ʱһһЦǺǣԴӹѧԺͼҲˡ룬ҲнǧʷˡϷұ֤ħͼеħ鼮Ǵ½ΪȫġħʦµħͼҲࡣ
ﵽжħ鼮Ʒ粻ɾʡ
Ǻǣͼݹʩÿһ㶼ڷд鼮һ¥ĻΪмħ鼮ħ鼮౾ħ֪ʶǧħ߰ٶݣıħ󷨵Ļħ۵鼮Ƕ¥ĻӴħȽˣǸ߼ħ֪ʶҲ򱾡ĵĽ͵
¥أƷ粻ʡ
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Ժ׼Ʒɫأ˵ף¥Щ鼮ǶԼȤģҪԺ׼ĻǿɾмѶˡ
治еĻƷ͵ÿǲǸ취¥ȥˡ
ˣϷֻܸ˵ôˣߵ鼮ǻħ֪ʶڵ˵мİġ˵
ллˣһúȥġƷмһЦ
ǺǣôڷܵĺѾˣϷϣܳɹЦЦֵˣڻ¥Ļ㻹ȥ֤ͨϷͿȥ
ףллѡƷ˵ͷ
ţ߱ת뿪ˣټͼҲֻƷһˡ
ƷħʵǺǿˣ඼׵ĳɷ֣ϾƷĳʼʵǿ̫ˣƷ籾ħûǳ졣
ǣƷһЩħ֪ʶǷǳġ
һ¥鼮кܶ࣬ȻЩмħ鼮ÿһǻеľƷһħԪ۵鼮ŷ˼ҳƷһӱˡ
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Ʒ翴úϸģҲܿ죬ʱʱҲ˼ϵıȴǼΪķḻʱüʱȣʱЦ仯ǧ
ϧʱúܿ죬еƷȫûиоʱš
ģɫҹĻˡ
ʱ⿴̲ܵסߵȫעеƷǰһƷѵӣʱѾˡ
Ʒһ㶣˹ͷ㿴ϤЦ⵽ͼݶѾʣʲôʱˣ
ǺǣˣϰʱĻڿ´ҶѾȥˡϷղô棬ȥ㡣Ц
ʲôˣƷɫ䣬ˣ
ʲôˣһɻ
ûʱˣлĻٻƷ罹ôһ仰󣬺һĴͼܳȥˡ
⺢ӿɹ֡ҡͷ̾


373 ħţ
磡磡㾹ȻΥ汾С˽뿪͵ɣ
ʱ˿ŭɳš
ͻȻ
ˣ
һ
˵֪˰ɣ˿һվӣֱȥ
͵ģ˿һŭĴ˷ţ쵰ȥˣ
˿áĻ
˿סˣ֪ǰĲƷ磬ȡ
һӣ˿ˣεЦ򡭡ʦ㣬ôˣ
ǰȵ˵ͷʵ˿˵Ǹ쵰˭
Ǹūͣúôģû뵽쵰֪ȥˣ˿˶٣εЦˣˣʦվôˣȽ˵ɡ
ˣһæġЦ
ʲôæ˿ʡ
ԺѾ׼ҽħˣҲ֪ڸγĵʦʱ̫ܲ乻ҳĵʦԴҲǺܶ࣬һ༶ۿΣҲͼѡ˵
ۿΣң˿һ㶡
Ǻǣ˵ҲǸؼѧ໹ס΢΢һЦ
ðɣҾ԰ɣϣʦܹɹɹħ˿Ӧˡ
Ǻǣ⼸Ͱˣڳ࣬Ѿ˵ˣͿȥοˡ΢΢һЦ
õģû⡣˿˵ͷ
ˣͲˡЦ
˿ЦЦͻȻӦ˹ʲôвšǡʦ㣡Ҳ۸ң
˿ֱţ˵Щʱ˶Զˡ
쵰磡쵰ģСô㣡˿ĹĵĹš
תû߼ִ˵
ôֻˣ˿ɻ󣬵һ¿Сˣ߹ȥ˰š
С㣬ңС硣Ʒ̽˸ͷϴһֺðЦݡ
ðСûˣ˿ɴ˫ۣһֺݺݵסƷ䣬߽˷
ιιιȻ˵ūͣɲŰūͰƷ翹ĴУСԼʦԼ֮⣬ûء
û뵽һȻһСˣƷᰡ
ʱ˿ƷĶ䳶˿Ȼ˿ŷˡ֡һɳϣƷ磬ʵ챾С˵ʲôˣ
뿪ƷĻص
ǽôܳȥˣ
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ʲôңʵشңʲôʱȥģȥǸ˿ɫ̫ÿ
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ãƷһֱտڲ˿õĽеιʲôûشСĻأ
ƷһףȿȡأΪԼȫصȥѧϰħˡ
ѧϰħ˿һʵȥѧ
С㣬Ҳ֪ҲʲôѧȻһеʦָҽرȥħͼݿһ¡Ʒ֣صĻص
ޣ˿ƷԽԽеˣʣѧʲôûУ
ȻСƷһӡ
У˿һɵӣʣʲôʱʼӴħģ
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ǡǡƷһ亹Ҳ֪еħȼģŸħŪȥԿˡ
£Ʒ㾲ı˫ۣΪ˲ɣƷ翪ʼĬĻ鰡ҵٻ۰ɡ
˿һԾӡ
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ȻŹһᣬ˿ԭƽ鶯ˣıͻͫףôܣ
ΪĸӦˣеĻԪԾƷϻۡ
ţƷ̧ƣһȭͷСĻȼӳƷһſס
һ˲䣬˿ŵĵɴ˫ۣƷӢףһ
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˿žӦ˹ʵ㵽ôģ
𣿶򵥡ƷȻЦ
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ڣƷ粻ǿ˼ѣôʩչħأ
ţţ
С磡ңħǲ˭ģ˿ʣ˿ûƷڸоħԪزϢԲǰƷӴħ
ֻһūͶѣ˭ܽҰƷʵһֱħǿԼĥġ
ģ˿ɫʼüˣūʵ̫ˣԭһûбھħţԼǼ˸
֪ΪΣ˿Ʒ̫ͨһֵֺĸо˿ԼΪζƷݻô⡣
СԲܹ֪ҪǱҸ׷ֵĻԸ׵Ը񣬾ԻɱСġ˿ţԽӵ
Ʒо˰˿ԺеĻңʣС㣬ôˣ
ޣûʲô˿һ£Ʒ磬֣ص˵С磬ԺѧϰħѧϰħԲ֪ǻ˵ģ𣿡
סƷ籾ûҪԼʵ¶ȥ
Ժҿ׼ȥħͼݣǧҪǵãҪݸ¶ȥˡ˿˵
ллС㡣ƷмһЦԺҲˡ
ߣУΪԼħ˾ΪǣֻҪСûɣʼҵūͣ˿ߵȽ϶ĳɷƷ뿪Լ
С˲ҡƷ̿Ӧ
׾ͺá˿˵ͷֵˣħҪľڤ룬ڤøߵħڤɣ͵
֪ˣСŬġƷ˵ͷͻȻ뵽ʲôʵˣС㣬ҿɲԸ
ʲô
ħͼݵ֤ͨ
֤ͨ˿ĵĳƷ磬֤ͨǶ¥߼ħ鼮ڵˮƽȥ𣿵ܹʩչ弶ħʱٸɡ
ǾллˡƷӦһ¥ô鼮û꣬ȿٸ˿ֱ弶ħͶˡ
ʵ벻ף㵽ǲһ˿ƷεҡͷﻹǴܴˡ


374 ħ
ӦĹҲȥе
Զ似˵Ʒ絹ǲ壬ϾƷԼ似Զ似üΡ
ΨһƷеµľħƷ籾ħ֪ʶԺϸħʦֻһЩʱƷܻϺܴ鷳մħ֪ʶƷкܴġ
ƷϵʵѴƿֻҪħѰͻˡ
⼸˿ڵγħۿγ̣ѧϰʵսΣһ춼ڱġ
ƷҲûܵԼÿն󷽷ĽħͼݣƷҲ߻ˡ
߽޽ܷϵʥǿߣħͼĹݳʱʱƷЩ鷳ʱ򣬶ȥ޽ܷࡣ
ӿѧڶ쿪ʼħͼҲ𽥶ˣҲûӰ쵽ƷȥĶЩ鼮
ӶƷҲΪħͼΪڷܵѧˣ޽ܷϲرǿƷÿħʱ޽ܷԽӵˡ
㣬ڵʱ䣬Ʒڽħͼһ¥鼮ˣҲ˼ħ֪ʶ
룬ҲǸ϶¥ͼҿˡ
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ϵʱ򣬰˿ÿλ쿴Ʒȡÿζð˿𾪣ȻֱƷΪ
żڵʱ䣬ƷѧɲţѾʩչħˣһЩħҲǿǿʩչѾеˡ
ˣ˿δɹƷ磬ֻĪϣƷܹ̫ǿһ㡣ÿοƷĽڰ˿У֮⣬Ļǻϲ
գҲƷѧԺĵһ¡
Ȼ˵Ʒľ绹ûеõʵϵѾħĻ֪ʶ
磬ڹѧԺҲʵսΡ
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˿ѵûص˱Ʒ˵߰ɡ
ȥģƷһ㶡
ȥʵսΣ˵кܴİ˿˵
ҡֻһū͵ݣĿ𣿡Ʒɻʡ
ˣ߾ˡ˿ĮĻص
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ãƷŰ˿ѧԺһС
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ϣʲôӰôǸСūͶˡ˼ƵȡЦһ
ߣѾͷûõѵ𣿡Ʒ簵һ
˿һεûзһĮŽ˼ĴƷվһߡ
˼ȤҲû˵ʲôˣֻĿһֱƷ粻š
Ҳˣ˵ū͵Ĳɶ࿴˼ۣȴɴ󾪣ȷʵǷڳˡ
ţһλɫ۵ӱ첽˹ҲؼһʵսεʦĦŷϵʥʦŷħ顣
ʱĦŷ˹һ۱㿴һλūͣҲû˵ʲôֻǶ˼۶ѡ
ʵսǶɣǾʵսǿѡ֡Ҫ˵һ㣬֮У˵ֵҪ֣̫棬ʩչļħ𣿡Ħŷ֣صѵ
ЩƷдмԭʵսħѹְ˿Լˡ
ȻǰƷҲйٵħսȴĽħĽΪƷ󲿷ֶźľģħ뾫޷ﵽƽ⣬̫ľˡ
ԣⳡħƷҲкܴġ
ţλѧվ˳˱˵һߡ
Ϊħʦֱһľ룬ǱġλѧһʱѡѾ룬ڰħ
ʼĦŷһ㿪ʼˡ
λѧ㿪ʼħˣЩͼħֻǱѹǿ˶ѡ
ⲻؼѧħĹʽΪľɣħٶҲܿ졣Ҳǿú죬ƷҲĿλѧľ
ڣһħսλѧڸԸˣйħʦƣ˲ʲôȴ˵ĺȲʡ
ƷѧϰĽǶȹۿⳡȻ˵ЩѧľԼľħϵĺܺãû̫˷ѵĳɷ֣Ʒѧϰġ
ԣƷ綼ܵ˲ٵ洦
˼ͬѧˡĦŷͻȻ˵
ǡ˼Ű˿ǰ
ƷɫһȻ˵Ůۣڽ˼˾÷ǳ
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ƷĿһֱŽ˼Ʒ۹Ļ˼ۺʵҪǿڰ˿԰˿ʤȽϵ͡
˿ͬѧҪŶ˼һ⣬вһѾµķȡ
˼Էȣħкܴļӳ֡Ħŷüͷһ壬ֲõԤС
ţ˿ҲóԼķȣֻȶѣʤƺѾǺˡ
ʼĦŷе
䣬˼㷨һӣһŰ˿ϼ˹ȥһָԼǰһܡ
˿Ҵ⣬˼һһʵĹܱǿ
Ϊ˼ŷȵħӳ֣ǱѰٶȼ졣
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£˿ǰ۳һػܣֻǷҪ֮ǰǿӲࡣ
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һĹдػϣһӱͱݻ١ʣµļУȴֱ˿ϴȥ
Сģ
Ŀĵɴ˫ۣĦŷҲǰħ׼žԮ
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˴󾪣˿Ҳ㵣Ѿֿˡ
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һ
ǹɹ˾Ǳը˿˱һ˿Ǳ˿ȥ
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СֱӴ˽˼ͷϣжٸһڣ˾˹ȥ
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ΨУƷһֱڵͷǱȴ¶һ˿յЦ⡣


375 ʷһ
˼˾סˣǰһĻʵ̫ԷӦˡ
Ħŷ˹ȥ뱧˽˼ڽ˼ڡ
þãĦŷ˿˵ãֻιȥ˶ѡ
ţĦŷλŮѧ˼ȥϢˡ
ʱ˿εǰĦŷʦԲ𡣡
ղűֵĺܺáĦŷЦ
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ţĦŷ˵ղŸλ˰ɣħУ˵ħԽ߼ؼȡʩ߱ħˮƽо͸֪ħԪϣֻҪͷŵħԪƻɺ׽ֵħƣղŰ˿ͬѧȫһ㣬ϣҿԺúȥѧϰ
˱˼ţƷҲһ˼ӡ
˿Ħŷôһ䣬ѾˡȻɻѣղԼֻǽħѹ˶ѣѵԼû˽˼ħԪ
Ҳֻöѡ
ˣĿγ̾͵˽ˣǶȥúսĿγ̰ɡĦŷ˵
£˱ȥˣȴǷ׷Ÿղŵһ
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С㣬ôˣƷ粻ʵ
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ȴ˵Ҳڰ˵˿Ʒ磬߰ɡ
Ʒ簵һЦƺǵһء
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ԭ˿ѾڹѧԺйˣ˸ӢūǾ͸ˡ
֮·ǿ˿ǣСţɶ࿴ۡ
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ˡ
˿üɫһ壬ֻͣ˽Ųת㿴ܷƿЦı˹
鷳Ʒ簵Թ
˿Žܷƿ߹ޱʵʲô£
͸㣬ռ˺ܾòҵġܷƿͻȻһǻװĺܾ£ɫǺ
Χ˿֮һĽһЩŮڻհţҪԼǽܷƿ˵ջǸöð
ϧ˿ͲмһˣͷƷ˵С磬ȥǻɡ
ңƷһ㶣ⲻΪԼ
Ȼܷƿ֮ŭƷ˿⻨͸ģ͸⹷ūģ
˵һ飡ҲǹūƷŭˡ
ûҵūͣС磡ʲôūԺôҽУҾԲһ֣˿άƷˡ
˴󾪣Ⱜ˿Ҳʵ̫ӻƷ˰ɣһһĲֵūͶѡ
û뵽ôһ˵ܷƿǳ׵ķŭˣе˿ūͻˣ
һ̫ˣ˶ɵˣΧҲǾ۵ԽԽࡣ
ܷƿˣ⻰ǲ˵̫ˣ˿˵͸ˡ
ѵһūѣʲô㾹ȻΪĮңǻū͹ϵ𣿡ܷƿ˼ʧȥˡ
ˣ˿һ
ô˵˰ɣܷƿ
Ǻ֪һ
˾סˣûƷվǰ
ȷʵƷںܵ͵˵ƷԺƵȥ̡
˿ƷıӰӹһĴоԼƷľһӱúԶԶ
ԣ˿ҲɴྲվһߣȥֹƷ硣ϾڹѧԺǲ˺ɱ˵ģ⵹⡣
ܷƿ㵣û뵽Ʒ緢ŭԼҲоЩĺ£뵽һūͶѣ㲻мŭūʲô̬Ⱥͱү˵ʲôʸͱү̧ܣ
ʲôԣˣҲˣƽȣѲǹһ߹ĹƷ̷̡
ʲô
˾˵ˣūҲʵ̫ǿˣⲻ
ȷʵܷƿѾ׵ˡ
û뵽׷İ˿ΪһֵǮūԼھһƨǵūͶôԼ򵥾ǱˣҲܲȵͷˡ
⹷ūȥ
ܷƿ˱һսһȭȭгǿҵ⣬ŭƷϱ˹ȥ
ǿǴʦŭµĶ֮
ɫ䣬סһ˲һĻ
ȷʵƷֻһūͶѣһʵūͣʦȫһȭȥҪҳ⽴ˡ
ϧһѾûֹܹˣľʵ̫ˡ

˿һޱȵİûڣΪλƷվԼǰ档ң˿Ҳ֪ԼھƷɥһȭ֮µʱﾹǻʹô
ǣֹˣǰ˿ͷʲôħܡ
־룬ֳٶȣÿһǿ˿̫ˡ
ȻƷ粢ûбֳκεľ֣ɫ䣬ýܷƿ˾кΧĿռǽһ˪һ㣬ˡ
һֻһ󲽣ײľ룬ܷƿһرƷӣеȭƳƷػ˹ȥӵҲȭȥǰ˹ȥ
̫ʵ̫ˣ
ȴע⵽ڽܷƿ˸صʱƷѾһţպð˽ܷƿصǽϣȻֱͷ׼Ŷ֮ơ
ʲô
յľ£ܷƿֵͣסˣΪоԼѾȫʧȥƽˡ
һ̣ܷƿȫûзӦû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼôһ֡
ôôٶȣ
Եһ£
˲ŵĿע֮£ܷƿ˾ǰ˷һƣʵ̫лˡ
Ʒȴڽܷƿ˳ɳȥһ̣ƷȴǾŵֱͷȥ
һ
ƣһӣܷƿֱ˸ܵĽǡ
ݺݵĦڵأȻƫһŲ˽׵ľ롣
ĻɵˣӦʱ˺ôЦ
˿ͲסЦһĻʵ̫ˡ
ʿôʿǱһū͸ˣʵ̫ˣ
쵰
ܷƿǱվѾǻͷˣǼϸСıһƤʺɫѪҺ

ܷƿ׼Ʒɱȥ
һ£˿ɾƷǰ棬ֵס˷ŭĿ췢˵ĽܷƿˣܷƿˣֹûУ
Ҫɱ⹷ūܷƿŭʱܹ裬һһū͵С
̸ҹҲټ㣡˿ŭе
áܷƿĵͷǻƷ磬ūҪ

˱ģһʿһūս飬ⲻɱ𣿲ܷƿ˿涪Ϊʿ
ߣһūͶѣôܺ˿һġ
ҾÿԣҽˣƷͻȻ˵
ˣ
˻Ϊˣū̫ǿ˰ɣʿǺʲô
С磿˿˵ˡ
ʵܷƿҲֻŭ˵˵ѣôȥһū;ǼֱǶʿʤ˽Ҳһ
ô𣿡ƷЦ
˭˵ңܷƿֻӲͷƤ˵ʱ䣬һ֮󣬾ھ뷽ʽʱ˵
˵ܷ꣬ƿ˱ŭ뿪ˣһƬ𾪵ͫס
˿תһסƷĶ䣬쵰ȥúøˣ

Ʒεı˿ŶķȥѾˣþ÷Ӧ


376 ͼݶ¥
ص˿ĹĵţƷµĺӰεվš
ճã˿̲ס˵ҲǸ˵ˣֹЩ˵ǰ棡
ƷĬãصаսʤ
գʲôʱ˿
ûʱҲϣұͲū̻ͣңһǷǳмģƷͻȻ˵ôһ仰ת¥ȥ
˿һ㶣֣ƷԼ˫Щˣкȵվס
С㣬㻹ʲô𣿡Ʒת
ǱСķ䣬ȥӦô˿
ˣƷɫһ죬̸²˵ǡȥҴ
ߣУ˿վתߡ
˿׼Ʒ߲ʱͣвŽɫĿƬݹƷ磬˵ţ
ʲôƷӹǿƬֻǿƬϵͼЩѣر
㲻ȥħͼݶ¥֤ͨ˿䵭Ļص
֤ͨôԸˣƷһ㶡
ߣҿɲҵūͱ˸۸ˣһµʱ䣬úŬɡ˿ֵһ仰漴¥ȥˡ
ƷһȵŰ˿ȥĬĬЦˣлл㣬˿
ʱ˿˶¥ǰǽУС磡ҪҾԲŹģ

Ҳ֪ԭ򣬰˿ûлصˣȴǻѧԺԣټıҲֻƷһˡ
ȻƷú֣ԼԺúýħˡ
Դ֮·֮ѧԺ㽫Ĵʿܷƿ밬˿ǿū;Ϣ÷з
ƷһŽܷƿ˸ϢҲȥˣֱӺ䶯ѧԺ
ʲôǸūͣôǿ𣿴İɣ
ʲôģ¸¾׼Ҫˣ
ɣūͻǽܷƿ˵ĶǿǴʿ
ۣҾūͺ˧ҪܹΪҵǸöð

ѧԺ֮Уųϣ̸Žܷƿū͵飬޲ڴ¸µľ֮¡ѧԺĵʦˣѧԺҲΪ÷ǳˡ
204
ʲôһū;ǽĦҲǽܷƿ˵׸˼ȴǾվڽĦԱߣɫд𾪡
ѧԺĻҳʱҲǿԿԼĶŮģԽĦﲢ֡
ܷƿŵһ亹ڵأɫ˵ףҲ֪Ϊʱ
Ҳ֪ʲô֪֪һūսʱھʿ𣿼ʹʤΣܹ𣿲ǳ裡Ħ
ҡʱֻһ֮ǹūѵģû뵽ǹūȻĴӦˣܷƿ˶ݺݵĻص
žһĶ⣬ܷƿֱӱĦһȵڵأŭū;ǲսսʱѾΪʿǶʥôˣôͳأ
ף㻹Ǳٶˣֹ̫ۣǺú취ɡ˼ڹ˵
ǡǣ취취ܷƿǱվ
ǳϢĦ۽ܷƿˣݵ˵¸µľǲܵģȷˣϢҲ͵ˡ
ɾ鶼Ѿˡܷƿ˼
ū͸ȥˣĦݺݵ˵
ȥѧԺ˭ܷƿ⡣
ߣ²иޱ𣿵ʱѧԺҪһɼɱ֣СӸˣ˳㽫˿ˣ½ʥŮ֮λõˣһãĦݡ
ԲУܷƿ˼ˡ
ôУ
˿Բ£ףҰĺܰǰ˵˵ֻҪ׷˿½ʥŮλòõⲻһܷƿ
˵Ǵ˿ͱˣҲ࿴һۡˣΪһū;ܺ㷭ūͶ磬ֵ𣿡Ħ
ǰ磬㿴㶼׷ˣһףҿ㻹Ƿ˰ɡôʿò˵۹֮УҪжŮҪͶĻȫͬһġ˼Ȱ
ܷƿԥãƺ¶˾һ㣬ɫݺݵĵãɱˣ
⼸Ϊ˱ȻɣȻѧԺЩﶼйܵˡĦ˵
ãͻȥܷƿ˵˵ͷ
һ̿ʼܷƿ˶԰˿еİͨͨתΪĺޡ

ѧԺֵ÷з֮ʱƷȴ֮ǰһ磬ħͼݡ
һħͼݣϹݳ޽ܷһƷϲ̴кСӣô춼ûˣ
Ǻǣͼ￴ô鼮ټһЩγ̣Ҫ֪ʶأûʱˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ܺãֽ˲ٰ޽ܷЦЦӦƷڵħ׳ʵ˲٣һǹϵġ
ȻֻƷ缫Сֵʵѣ󲿷ֶסˣ޽ܷǿ߶ȫˡ
Ƚȥɣ˻Ŷ޽ܷЦ
Ǻǣ϶¥ȥġƷͷһЦ
¥֤ͨˣ޽ܷ¶һ˿ȡ
ǰƷ統±óŽɫĿƬݸ޽ܷ
޽ܷһõſƬ㾪סˣУϷʹȥɡ
鷳ˡƷЦһЦ
ţƷ޽ܷͼݶ¥ķȥ
¥ͼݣǴʲô
һ㹻ʵˣ츳ǿˣԵƷ¥ȥʱ򣬿ɲ֪˶ٵĽ
ᣬ޽ܷƷͼݵĶ¥
˵¥Ҫ࣬Ҳ˸ϵϢڷŵ鼮ҲǺܶģЩ߼ħ֪ʶˡ
ȻҲ࣬ˣɼ֤ͨҲôõġ
ǺǣǶ¥ͼˡ鼮ȽϸӣϷͲˡĻҲܹҵĺ飬ҪԼˡ޽ܷ΢΢һЦ
Ʒɻ
ϷҲúýȥɣϷˣʲô¥ϷͿˡ޽ܷ˵꣬뿪˶¥ͼҡ
޽ܷصӣƷͶͼҸӺˡ
Ʒ粻ʲô飬Ʒٶȿ죬͵Ļֱøƿռ临ƻȥˣô鷳ƷǲŹ鼮ġ


377 Ժľ
ͼݶ¥صħ鼮ħɾҪˡ
ŸۣԼϵ߼ħԪɣǸħӦоСЩħ鼮ƷδӴġ
˵ƷõħЩ󷨶ڶ⼶ˮƽģƷħ뾫ټϸƿռӵеħԴƷǿԲԵĻ
ףƷ֪ʶǼġԺ󷨵ĻƷȫϤ󷨵ĻܻϲٵĿ
鼮ô࣬ѧپͶ٣޺ġ
Ҳ֪ǲǹôģͼڷŵ鼮ܻҡ˵һϿ԰ڷŲֵͬ鼮౾򱾵鼮֮УҪ͵ȷʵҪ
û취ǵһ죬ƷһڸϵħԪܽ鼮
鱾ϿѾкһεʷˣﶼܸеһɺܳصĸоΪƤֽţƾɾɵģּܿ
һ鼮ɿһкɫīƷںԭƷ硱˼룬Զķֶ˽ġ
ʱƷһţһַ鼮ſ˼ҳƷƺ˺嫵Ԫ֮С
鼮ںϵħʦѧħԵĸۣÿһϵħ۶ܵĺϸ
֪еԪؿɷΪڰ硢ˮռߴԪءڰϵĻƷħϰڰħĻ֣ƷûȤڿռϵĻƷ絹ǵһνӴǳȤ
ռϵħĻǼΪһرħо˵εģռϵܿ£ﵽˮƽĻֱӷ䡣
ΪռħҪľǶԿռ򣬶ԪصĶڿռǰ¹ԪأԿռħȫ͸ħԪصϣһһơ
ǣռħ˵ѧѧġ
һ˵ֻһֱڿռϵԣѣҪмǿԡһ־ǵħˮƽﵽʱ򣬲пܳռϵ
˵ڴ½֮Уٳпռħʦ
ʷ֮Уȴйһλﵽ˷ʥĿռϵħʦ˹
ⱾϵħԪܽ鼮д˹ϰռϵħһЩĵá
ռϵҲǱһҲ˵ǸϵħԪ۵ܺ͡
Ϊ˵ռϵԪϵศɵġԪڿռ䣬ռҪԪصƽ⣬ȱһɡ
ԣҪ̤ռϵ򣬱öϵħ˽⣬оħ󷨡Ͼħ󷨱һռṹṹҪࡣ
ɡƷ翴ãдࡣ
ռϵħǾҪȥϰġƷħ֪ʶ̫ˣֻȰħԪص鼮úĶˡ
̶һ죬ܿȥˡ
Ʒ綼ǿ÷ǳԣ¥ѾֻʣƷһˣҷҲʼ¥мž
ҲΪƷþûԵʣ޽ܷƺƷп鿴ڶߵϰߡҲǶ¥ͼҵ鼮ԱȽϸߣƷ翴Եʱ޽ܷûȥƷ硣
ƺƷĻڽ޾麣֮УʱҹţҲȫˡ
˽ϵħ֪ʶҪȥϰռϵħ֮Ʒ綼ͬʱڽеģʹƷ޷̤ռϵ򣬵Ʒ绹ܹӵдħ֪ʶ
Ʒ̫רעˣȫԼ統С޽ܷʱʱ͵͵¥Ʒ缸ۡÿζžȣȻִ̿ŵƷ磬ϢĴ¥
Ҳ֪˶죬޽ܷʵ̲סˡ
ʱƷϸĵĶ鼮ɫ
Сѣ
һϵͻȻƷ
Ʒת޽ܷЦԼȻΧɫŷӦǸЦǺǣ˼Ϲݳ鷳ˣû뵽һô졣
һ죿޽ܷһ㶡
ô𣿡Ʒɻ
⻰Ʒǰ㲻ǿЦӣ޽ܷһ˾ʲôһ죡Ѿˣ
ʲô죿ô֪Ʒɫ
ǰϷʵ̫ˣȥ㡣޽ܷ˵ͷºͰЦأѧϰڷǺã廹ҪҪעġҲӦףħʦԽģҪϰúú塣
ЩƷůůģҲܸжоĺԼǰĶʦмЦлл㣬Ϲݳ´һúעġ
ȥɣϢ´ٹɡ޽ܷЦ
õġƷ繧һ񣬱㼱ͼȥˡ
Ǻǣ⺢ӿѵãû뵽ȻﲻɫĴ죬Ѿüûй˰ɣ˵ֻС޽ܷ֪̾ѾڷܵѧȤˡ
ţһϵͻȻ˹ܷ򡫡
޽ܷһ
ѭһһĿİ׹ҫһϵӰ˳
ͬһλ׷ԲԵߣݹ⣬ϣһ˫ǵ˫ۣ룬Űɫĳ̸ۣ˵İɫ㣬ͼʱһɼΪ͵Ϣ
û˱ǹѧԺ񻰰ѧԺԺĦ˫ϵʥʵ˵ӦϵΪĦŹԵЩȻֻѧԺǵ۹еĸ߲Ա֪ˡ
Ժ޽ܷһɫ
Ǻǣ⼸Ǻӵ֪ˣû뵽бҸڷܵѧѧԺеʱҲͲѣǺǱ˽ѵĻ»ֹءĦ˫¶˾ɫ
ǰܹúõĴ죬ѧٵĶˡ޽ܷ򵭵һЦɵ⺢ȻʵҼǵһʱڸκεħŶ̶һµʱ䣬ұоǺڵħѾӽ߼ħʦˡ
߼ħʦĦˣһ¾ܴﵽӽڸ߼ħʦľ磬ⲻʲôʣҲ⼸⵽Ǻӵġ
һ£ڼֻһڵʱϲʱ϶޽ܷصûκЦ֮⡣
ô˵ûʲôϹεģʦͨĦӿʼˡ
Ӧǰɣ⺢ӵ֤ͨӦ˽ģϾֻһôõ¥ͼҵ֤ͨ޽ܷ֣ص˵
ⲻʱȲҪȥǺӵݣٺúÿ°ɡܾ⺢Ӳеô򵥣Һܺ棬Һ֪⺢ӵħǱж٣´ĻúȥһħǱָɡĦ˫
Ҳܺ档޽ܷ˵ͷ
˵ʵƷѾ͵ˣȥͼ￴ѣû뵽ԺˣԺ벻͵ˡ


378 ˫ħ
ҹɫɫĻ£ڹѧԺ֮УǷǳġ
Ͼÿҹʱ򣬶ڤʱΡ
ʦ¥Ůʦ304ҡ
304ңڵҡ
̨Ůڴ̨ǰңϾɫ
˿һˣȥ𣿡ʡ
ʱˡ˿Ļص
ΪǸֵūͣʡ
˿һ£ɫĻصҲȥ
ūͰôоӡ
ҵūͣǿȵģΪʱ̫ˡҸҪɱԡ͡˿һΡ
ԭȻȻЦǺǣѾ˵ˣ̫˰ɣȻȥܷܽƿ˵ս鷳ˡҽܷƿΪʿһūսѾʿϣ½ܷƿ˻¶ˣʥҲŹˡ
֪оңӦȥ˿ЦһЦ
һ㵡
û˿˵ͷ㽫Ʒѧϰħһһ߸ȡ
˫ۿɫĵɴţʲôھѾмħʦˣѧɲţħ츳Ҳʵ̫˰ɣ
ǰһرˡ˿˫¶롣
Ǻرħ츳Ժڵ۶Ūûġȵ
û⣬ҵĵ¸ܷƿ˵սҵ¡˿һǳ
˫۽Ű˿һЦ˿Ҽǵ˺֮⣬ȥı˵ģڻһİˣоϾǷ֮㻹ֻ˵һ㣬㰮ˡ
ˣ˿һãƷ֮£ɫκͷҲ֪ʲôǰֻ֪Դ֮ҾͺоʧȥһұֻģѧԺ֮뻹ɵģҺìܣ뻹ˣʹū͵ҲãΪ뿪ҡ
üɫһ壺˿н㸸ǲӦģңʲôĻһʥŮ֮λˡ
ҲʲôʥŮ˿ص
һ˿ҪʥŮ֪ζʲôζԺᵽ磬Ϊʹ
ʱҾͻԶ뿪ˣⲢҪģֻҪһƽƽ˿Ļص
أѾʥŮˣԺҲҪ뿪ˡͻȻ˵
֪ҽԼѡ񡣡˿ĵĻص
ڶأԺ󣿡ʡ
֪˳Ȼɡ˿ҡҡͷ˫ңԶҹգĻѲ֪Ưε˺δ

ʱƷ粢֪˿˼ѾƮԼϣǿʼڤ˼⼸ջ
ƿؿռϵħƷ绹֮ҪյǶԸϵħ󷨡
ʵħʦħĻƵһ
ԭʼۣħʦĻȡϰħԪءÿ˾ÿ˵ԣֻЩܹͨϰܹھԣЩȴܣھҲиߵ֮֡һЩرˣȴӵж֮塣
ԣЩܹϰħЩȴܣЩ츳ܸߣҲЩ츳ܵ͡
ǣħϰʱȴǿͨǿԪȥϵԪصϣ㹻ǿĻҲǿģϵħͷţȴܳΪԪأҲǿȴͨϵԪصȥصĿռԪء
Ʒȴӵųе֮壬̤ռϵĻҲҪһЩ
ǰǣƷҪϵħԪأҪһԡ
֪еĸϵԪ˵ģͬħԪزܵһЩħԪڡ˵ڰˮԪضǼںϵģҲǲܣؼһ㣬Ǿƽ⣬ƽܹ棬ںϣܽħΪһ塣
뷨ˣǾͲ̸ܿʵ飬εʵ顣
ڣƷڵĸϵħǹģڡ
ƷȴǿʵֻںϡǷ𣬻ƣǱȽϼ򵥵һںϣƷ粻⡣
ΪںϣƷȿʼȥںħ
ɣƷ񰲾ӦſħԪصڵķ֮ħתеȻһɻ磬ڿţƷ糤
ţƷתڵĻ֮ħ˫˳ǹɷ趯š
֪֮УƷ˫趯˫֮Уȼ˻档ǻƺһ㣬Ϊɣǻ濪ʼĴƷ˫˿һ߰Ļ壬Ͱڿζš
ˣƷϲһЦ
ںϣѾɹˡ
ںһԪءˮ
ˮȫڼ˵ˣ˵ĻԪǾԲܹΪһ塣
ƷأκεĴ⣬Ψֻ̫ǿɼ˷Ƶ趯ŻߵĶҲ΢΢ˣΧƷӣζš
ԪϣƷԭ˵ǾǲͬʵϡԪȫ޷ģ֮С
Ʒӵǿİ񾳡
£Ʒ˫һֲľӿ˿֮Сķ֣ڿԪؾ顣ƷĻУйľЩԪؾͬƷеǳ顣
ԼƷ֮£ԪѾûˣѺõһ㣬ȫΪһ塣
ʼˣƷڵˮ֮ħʼӿ˫֮С
ˮ˵ںϣƷܹɹĻƷħϵܹһ㡣
ҲƷ̫˷ˣûпǵںħʧ֮ᷢʲô
ˣڱ
ħԪأԾΪ㣬ħΪƣ֮Ҫϵĺܺã
ڣƷɫһˮ֮ħͷ˳ΧˮԪ
𣬴Ҳ顣ˮ෴ᡣ
ʱǷԪظӦˮԪصĻۣӿ˹
ˮԪƺ˻Ԫص˼ηӿ
£ƷľԪȺ֮УʼԪؽйͨƺ˵ЩˮԪһ㣬ʵҪҲˮԪص⡣
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죡죡ˮټǿһЩͿˣһλӾС
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ԭˮħҪй֮ʱ
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ⳡµĴλصūйأǾ͸˸е˼ˡ
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ǡǡ˿ɫţǽƷʶĹ̼򵥵˵һ顣
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ǵã´ͼݵĻ͸һ°ɣ֪ħǱܵ׻жǿĦ˫˸žâ˷ܵЦҺڴţǹѧԺܹһλħʦ

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СС㡭Ʒ羪סˣ£ƷǺ롣
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룬Ʒ绹ǲ˫׼ƿ˿˿ȴǱúܽܽƷֻε˵С㣬ҿūͣ
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102֮ѧԺ֮Ҳرؽ˵Ҳһ½ѧԺ龰ȻܹС
Ʒ밬˿Ҳǰᵽ109С
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һƷɲôˣŰ˿ڵʱƷ͵͵ܽ𸮵ռС
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֮ǰƷ翪ʼԪؽнȻȥٽԪصĽʱĹȥԪҲԽӽӽˡ
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382 µħǱ
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ƷҲסˣɹâ֮УƷ羹ǸоһԶħƷΨֱ¶ԼʵݣĽָ˻
ţħеĹâȻʧˣ¶޽ܷǰ㾪ס
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Ʒˡ
ޣ˼޽ܷһΣֹסԾ˵û뵽ħǱܾȻﵽ˾Ǽ
ǼжǿƷɻʡ
ħвÿ˵ǱܵȼǷǳ׼ȷģͨ˵ĻԹɫĻħǱܴﵽǼҳΪǼСţǼѾˣǼڴ½Ѿϡˣ츳ǺܿµģһûĻܳΪʥǿߡ޽ܷɫĻص
ǰǼ;ǼأƷʡ
Ǽڴ½ʷֹֻλһλǴ½һλʥĦ˹ħʦǶ⼶ħˮƽˡʱǧ꣬˵Ħ˹ʦѾˡ;Ǽݹ۴½ʷδй㣬ʷϵһλ޽ܷ˫𾪵Ʒ硣
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Ħɫ࣬ı˫ۣһָħ򣬿Ĭһֵ
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ĦȺеƷ磬ħ˳ˣ׼˵ĻλͿԽħˣΪֱ벼ɭ֡
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ΪɫħбɫԵġϾɫħеſԱɫģԽǿĻɫԽǿȼֻ׼ħޣıɫҪЩֻҪһֵĻһεȫɫҪһʱ䡣
˿ȻȥӴЩħޣӰ˿ϵħ֤ͨͿ֪˿ͼ鼮Ҳǲ٣һЩħ޵Ļ˿ٻǻ˽ġ
ʹˣ˿ҲأʵսĻǱɫħԶԶûеôöԸˡ
˿Ҳɫħһ׶εıɫеķӯĻţ˲۳һӵһɫħ˹ȥ
Ȼһħֻǰ˿жѡڽЩϮȥʱ򣬰˿ȡʱ䣬Ĭ
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͵ģɫħѹʱһЦİ˿˫ֽŵķѳһǿҵİɫǵȺʱˡ

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ԭƷ绹ǹ𶯲зģΪƷ羹ȫ˵ֿ𶯲ֻܲЧԶԶڱƷɴҲٻŰ˿ˡ
ٶ˾ųǹܳˮӿ𶯲ӱѪڣһѪһ㣬ֱ˵֮С

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˳ԾĶƷ磬ΧЩҲסˣû뵽Ʒ羹ȻûΡ
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ƷǺˣЦǺǣħ岼õĺܲ㻨˲˼ɣϵЩǿúúȥŬһ
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ˣλʼǿߣʮλ֣Ӵﵽʥʦϵħٻʦūѹͺû
ƷЦǺǣû뵽㻹һλٻʦȻٻĽõħһпԤıġҾǻͦӵģȻǳôĸɱǡ룬ڹѧԺ˲࣬ʹУҲûŪôųԸǣҹѧԺҲ㶼ǵġΨһɣǾʥ壬ֻʥ˷Ѿ˼ôɱǣ
ţūܹһŰʿ֮ǰΪȻֵūȷʵЩ͡
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ƷǰһȺˣɫ߹һĨЦǺǣҲòһǵļƻĺǾɱǣЩʦҲֲˣѧԺҲѲıǣһȴʧˡ
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392 һ
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ʣµλǿһλ־Ӧ˹㲻ԥ׷׽гڵĶ糱ˮĻڽ֮УǰĹ⻪Ǵ֮ݵķ򼱳˹ȥ
ԶͬԾ־𳤽гŶĿĹâ
ϣͼȫϻˣΪƷڱסˣǿվˡ
˿Ĭµһ̣һӣԭʵĴ̼߽֮⣬ɢΪ˴Ƭ
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һε쾪Ԫصıγһ޴֮УܱߵĲľи˽ȥ

һҽУ˿дѪӵ˳ȥ

βèһΪˣԥĳȥס˵еĺˣ֫ڵأ˫ŭǰ
ÿµľʥ𣿡žβèӳĳӣҡվȡ
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Ǻǣڸ˰ɣߵ˿ɶôǵġƷһЦ
֪ѾʧˣԸ㵽˭һǿߣôĳΪūͣ˲ĵ˫۽Ʒ硣
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˵ЦȴûпƷһ˫֮ͫУǲмǶе֪


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𣿵ƺʲôƽҸáƷ粻֮ԱǣӯĲӣһһӭǹǿ𶯲ֱǺ˵ȥ
⡭ɫ䣬û뵽ƶƷͺӰ죬ʵѾжµĵز
ƷɫһܱߵĿޱȵ䣬Ʒĺߵһǳ޴ľٶȻԲϧǿħڵħĲ٣ʹȼ֮ѪҲԶԶɣʹҲֹ㣬һ
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ƷһЦǺǣΣ
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˺ԥĻصû˴δɱȷʵʥŵģһ֮ǰѶˣڴ˲úãĿͰ˿˶٣Ǻֲĵ˵ǾɱǾȻҪɳôɱֺͺɱ֣ʵ̫ɱ֯ˣףӦõ붯ɱ֣
ǺǣܿϧûСƷһЦӾеĳ
ţ㻹û㵽˭ҲҪף˼
ƷɫһߵţҾɱ֯ͷŴɱĿ꣬Ʒ磡
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Ʒɫ䣬ŭǺˣҲ㣡ҲҲɱ֯鷳
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ⲻ֪һɱ伶֮ǲʶ﷢һµսҲʥ򼶵ս
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ǻ˺üǹǿϢʧˡ
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Ժʲôˣ޽ܷʣȻҲǿǾ߸ʬΪгɵħʦȻ֪߸ʬǰλʵǿħʦ
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⻰޽ܷȴǴסˣʵȵùԺڴ½֮пָʵ벻ףǿֵ߳ĿĵʲôѵǱЩɱ֯е׷ɱ޴ʱͻֻһɺϣ
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ЩѧԱǵȻޱɻ󣬺ö˶˵޻ôͻȻ;ȡأһĽͶûУֵǣ˿ūͣȴʧˡ
ѧԺ˸ӵ𺧵ϢǣԴӲμ޻ѧԱǻ֮
ڵ죬ѧԺнַһشͷ棬˼޻ʹֶΣѧ
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ʱĦ΢΢鼮ʧ̾õ츳ĦǼһˡ


396 Դ
ҹʥУ䱸ɭϡ
ʱ˼ŭĻصʥ塣
С㣡һλʺһ
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ס˼дкһ۽ܷƿˣʵ磿ô⣿ҲҸ׵ģ
Ǻǣǰܷƿ˿ɬһЦ
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˼΢΢ͷЩԣѰ˴λ¡
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Ħϼһﻹ滳ɵͷˡĦüͷôš
ף֪ɣ˼һɫŽĦ
õ𣿽շ飬Ŀǰ˿ǣܲɵͷԿѧġĦĿݡ
Ǹǲ֪һֽ˼ʼˡ
֪һҹƴˣû뵽ĦϼһֻôݣȻѧҲνˣһѧѣ½ʥŮ֮ѡˣӦøе˲ǡĦ˵
ô˵Ļ˿ǡ˼һ
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˼˼˻ŽĦ˵ף֪һȲϰ˿ҲΪʥŮҲΪõĹߡˣĸ׾Ǳģʵ벻ףôҪ𣿡
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ʶ˲ԾĦϽǷ
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ʧˣܷƿһ֪ڵǸþϲǸߡ
ͷܷƿŽĦԼ׵ɫÿˡ
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ң붯ɱ֯еĸ߼ɱˡڲɭУǰڵʱ䣬ȫĦ½˿ǡ
û뵽ԭʮյļƻȻʧˣɶûС
ɱ֮֯Уʧ˵Ļʧж󣬶黹еӶ𡣵һ㣬Զܵõʧܵɣɱ֯Ҳپ
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Ҳ˵˿ǻûȫվ
ܷƿ˾ˣԭ²⵽˿⵽˲⣬дʹʧ֮û뵽ǸūͶûǽܷƿ˾вˡ
ף᲻ԺˣȻôö˶˵ľͿ˿ѧܷƿ˳ʵ
ߣĦûɲ֣ǲˣĦҲ׵ȥɱ֯еˡĦߵö챬Ѫˡ
ǻǣܷƿѰ˼˻ǰ򣡣
ߣܣΣϼһıҲ㲻ǾȻ޴Ħɫһ룬Ӧмв֪ǿ߲ˣ
ǻ˭ܷƿ˾סˣоԽԽˡ
ߣֻɱ֪֯ҵóȥһˣĦվӡ
ף˼ѧǡܷƿ˵
쵰û뵽ĦϼһﻹݣһȥĦŭ
һΣǿˣûɱţȴǸ˲صĴۡ˿Ȼûǽ˼ѧ˵ĻʥŮ֮ѡλþԽԽԶˡ
뵽ڴˣĦԽӵŭ˵һֱˤȥ
Ϊ½ɱ֯һж˼ڡ
ɱ֯ȥ˭ֻҪܹ֧һĽңһЩȼɱ֯ͻ
Ϊˣڴ½֮УһЩɱֹĴڣֻɱֹΣҲܵ͵ȥɱֹĻȻܹҵ
۶Ȼɱֹľݵ㡣
һû˾ĵط
ʱߵĽĦһڵСһΪͨķ֮ǰ
պգǷ֮ǰһܲ۵ӣдĸС֡ɱֹᡣ
Ȼɱֹֻһε֯ѣɱֹֻһĽݵѣһɱֹﶼǿɱִڡ
Ħ΢΢˼ֱۣŶ룬ɼʱĽĦεķŭ


397 ˿
ɱֹᣬֻһڰСӣûйڻװΡ
ĦŽ룬һӵķңڰ塣
Ħȴסˡ
û뵽ﻹһλˣǺ˵ʵȴɲ⣬ĦﶼеĪľ塣
˭Ǻʵ
Ǻǣ֮ǰλһλ˻ص
ûǽĦ׵Ǹˡ
ĦﵹҲ壬ɱ֯Բɱ޹οԼ
漴Ħ㳯λй׵ĺ˲˵ΪλʧˣҪһĽ͡
ʧܾʧˣҲȻȡˣûҪɰɡλʵǿĺص
ĦһȻûɣɱ֯ǻи涨𣬵ʧ֮ȫϢ۰ɡ
׵λ˳ĬˣĿתһλˡ
Ǻһüͷ˵涨ϢѾ漰ɱ֯ڲܣϢĻ۸Ƚϸһ㡣
˵ɣǮʥ廹ǳġĦصһϢѣ˾ٻң˵һϢļ۸Ӧûôߡ
Ļصָͷ˵ۡ
Ǻǣǰɣû⡣˵ţĦѾ֮ǰϾ˹ȥ
Ǻ˽ӹϾ΢΢һ£䵭˵ˣƾ۸ɱ֯ڲܣ
Ҫ٣Ħһ㶡
ڽңҲ٣˹ִ˵
ʲôڽңĦѪ˫۵ɵϴ̲סɱ֯Ҳʵ̫˰ɣСӶѣѲֵܾڽ𣿡
ȻǺ˰Ѽ۸˵ôȻǲ뱻֪Ϣˡ
ɱ֯ӲˣܣȷʵֵۣҲûб򡣡˲õĻص
ڽң㹻ˣһܾôߵļ۸𣿺ߣܣҵüǵĻ᳤Ҫһ˵Ħŭ
ǻ᳤ƾ㣿˫۰Ųм
ĦǺ죬ɱ֯ҲʥǵģߣУ¾ôˣ͵ҿˣԺҾԲɱ֯κεĽס
˵꣬ŭĽĦתߣڽѾʥһҲˣĦﻹûɵǰز
ţǺͻȻס˽Ħ
ʲô̸𣿡Ħת
Ǻ˻˻ϵϾ˵ļ۸ҿһϢ
ĦȤҿɲͣõϢȻȫҲܴ֪ЩɣðɣϢ
΢΢˵ͷ˵ϢǣǸūͣԲʥǵģǻǷɡ
Ħסˡ
ǵģһ棡Ļص
㡭ĦÿˣҾôһϢŭƨҷģ´ξԲ̤ɱֹ벽
˵꣬Ħˤȥ
һ֮ǱϷŪʧ
û취ɱ֯ʵԲǵġ룬ûõ͢ӻ֮ǰĦǳԿˣҲԲκεķ
ĦߺǺ˱ݵ˵Ʒ磬֯ͷĿ꣬θԵˡ

ʱٽҹ
ʱڲɭֱԵ֮⣬еϪ
Ϫ֮ߣпƽ̹ľʯʯ֮ϣӰ
ûʧٵƷ밬˿
ʱ˿ڴڻ״̬֮УھʯϣƷػһػŰ˿
ƷԵüΪǱ೾ҲƷŪģǰ˿ѹĻƷͺѽˡ
ɣƷ羲˼۰˿а̾˿˵Ҹʲôȥ㡣ҶĲٶԲˣԣԭˡ
ȻƷ绹֪ԼѾ¶ˣ֪ĻƷѾ뿪˿ˡ
ǣЩɱ֣ԾʥҪɱԼͰ˿ڣƷ뿪˿ˡ
ƷԲԼߵܵκεвʹﲢûнܰ˿ƷǰѰ˿ѣֻҪƷ϶ѣƷ;ԲԼܵκε˺
ţͻȻ˰˿΢СС硣
С㣿Ʒһ
ͷȥְ˿Ѿ˫ۣɻƷ磬ԺʹޱȣʵС磬
ѾڲɭˡƷص
˿һ㶣ȥһƬڰµľһһµķӱסƷ磬еôط
ƷһԼӣΪʣɿ˰˿ӣҡͷЦǺǣǲСıħУӦҪȥ׽ħްɡǵãûбħ˺ҲǷ˺ö󾢲ŽСȳġʱȥôˣʦѧԱǶѾ뿪ˣұ㽫С
𣿡˿ɵӣǰƷ磬һʱȴʲô벻ԺȴǵĶһģʶ
ڣ˿Щµʣ˵׻ǸŮӣᰵ˿ܻĪľ¡
ǺǣѾɭˣＫħ޳ûһǾͻѧԺɡƷЦ
˿ͷͻȻС磬ҿڿˣŪˮ𣿡
õġƷ˵ͷߡ
ι˿һ
ôˣƷʡ
ã˿ɬ˵𡭡뿪̫ԶһẦ¡
ģˮԴԱߡƷ΢΢һЦ¾ʯԲߵϪȥ
ʱ˿ƷıӰ
Ȼ䣬ڰ˿Ժ֮УȻֳһɫıӰǱӰ֮վһȺˡ
⡭
˿һⱳӰʵ̫ϤˡƷ磬ԺԽ룬Խʹ

˿ڰʹһЩ¡
һֻȵĴֽס˰˿ӣ˿һ˫۱㿴ƷºͶǵЦݺܣС㣬ôˣ
ûûʲô˿ͷԺȴǶһģĻþ
û¾ͺãȺˮɡƷжһˮݵ˰˿ߡ
˿ͨ죬͵͵бһƷ磬ὫǷ۴̽ȥ˼ڣ
С㣬õ𣿡ƷЦʡ
˿ͷ˫۽Ʒ磬һ˿ĿС磬Ա𣿡
Ʒһ㶣ǰɫ½ףϧѰ˼ѾãƷǵ˵ͷ
˿ϲɫһʹײƷĻУǰδеů
ɣ˿΢΢̧ͷ͵͵һƷʲĿףаС磬ĺ֪㵽һˣΪʲôһоľԶԶ


398 Ħв
գĦŭ˹ѧԺ
Ȼڽ˼ȡѧ˿ûǽ˼õʥŮ֮ѡϣ͸ãˡⱾѾˣĦҪһء
ĦΪʥһ֮οԼҳݵĽѧԺȻ⡣
ǣڽĦѧԺ֮ΧѧԱŽĦĿⶼΪ죬ϸϸš
ĦǺ죬ӣֻš
һֱѯʵԺڣĦ㼱Ҵҵĸ˹ȥ
ʱĦеķ鼮ƺڵȴʲôϢ
ˣ
һ
Ħ£Ϊа˿ǵϢˣɣû
֨һ
ĦֱŶ룬ȻŭһĦʱȴǿһѺõЦݣԺҡ
ޣϡͰû뵽峤ݹٰĦֵ̿վӣֵɡ
ˡĦﵭӦһֱӱԺΪ˼ġ
֪Ħ΢΢˵ͷʣ峤Ϸף
Ȼס
ôף˵˵
˼޻֮УûʹκֶΣô˵أҲҪһɡĦһɫ˵
峤ҾûҪҪɵ𣿡ĦЦЦɫͻȻһ˵ңԺݣѵûȨһѧѧֻҪϲϲ˭Ϳ˭
Ħһ㶣оĦƢˣ˿ǲãЭ˵ðɣ԰ɣҪ˼ѧҲΪҶƻǰ;
ǽĦĻ
ĦеȻҲϲ˼ѧҲôֻĦһѣѰ˼˻Ժúٿǡ
ǾллԺˡĦм˵
ѧԻָ
ʲô
˼õѧҪ۳һ롣Ħ˵
ʲôһ룿⻹ʲô𣿡ĦＤˣ۳һѧ֣ζԺѧԺĳɼҪϺܶˣʥŮ֮ѡҲܴӰ졣
Ħɫһָܻ˼ѧѾǲˣϷҪɣϷ̵޶ȣ
Ħŵһ亹ĦƢģ˼ѧѾˣֻҪ˼ڳɼã˵˿ٳĻ˼ĻʥŮ֮ѡλûкܴϣġ
ԥãĦڻѡЭɫȻ˵ðɣͿ۳һѧְɣϣԺָܹ˼ѧ
ϿΰɡĦ˵
ллԺһЩ£ȸˡĦŭһ
ⲻ֪ĦһתȥȴֱĦסˣˡ
Ժʲô𣿡Ħͷʡ
ĦŽĦ峤˳һ£ϷѧԺеѧԱֻҪǻѧԺϷѧͼı˺ѧĻϷȻ׵ķŹ
Ħﾪñ亹ҲǺ򶨵ĦЦǺǣ˭ô󵨸ѧԺѧ
ǺǣϷҲϣûСĦһЦһ˫ĿȴһֱŽĦ
ĦﲻټֵԺˡ
Ħĵ˵ͷ
ߣϺ꣡
⣬Ħ㰵һ
ڸղĦʱѹĦﶼڳĪѹֱ߳Ħžһ
ţĦ㱳˫֣Ųȥ
󲻾ãŵʦϲܵԺҡ
ԺϲĽе
ţĦȥ
һţű㼤ЦԺ˿ǻˣսѧԺأصȹ˵һ
û£ʱɣ͵ʲô¶ûзĦΪƽĵ˵ͷ¶ϲɫȴѳ
𣿡סˡ
ˣû¾ͿˡĦ΢΢һЦֵˣ˳֪µĵʦҲȥǡ
õģˡͷһпγ̣ˡ
ȥɡĦЦЦ
˵꣬űתȥˡ
ǺǣūͿ˼ĦЦ˫Ŀ˸žâ

ʱ˿ƷѧԺ֮С
ȻѧԺſ۵ĹУƷѿˣû뵽˼ȻΪʹֶζѧ
Ҳ˸ӶԽ˼ûкøУȻΪ˳ɼʹֶΣǿǻᱻƲġ
Դ߽ѧԺ֮УҼ˵ĿⶼΪ졣˶ѾϰˣǲΪȻ
νԩ·խû뵽˿Ħˡ
˿һ㶡
˭Ʒһ㶣ӭһλŭ˹о˵ʵʥ򼶵ʵˡ
˼ĸס˿˵
ԭƷ˵ͷĿӡ
ɣĦһ̧ͷ˰˿Ʒ磬˹ȥЦ˿þò
Ħá˿òԵӦһ˵׽ĦҲԼĳ
Ħ΢΢һЦһƷ磬ЦʣǺǣλλūͰɣ
ǵģС硣˿ص
СˡƷ繰һǰƷ绹ǻᱣΪū͵ݡ
ǺǣС簡˵ҪҶӾˡĦЦЦĿдһ˿ա
ǵġƷ򵥵Ӧһ
Χ˼Ļסˣ׷ͣ½Ųפš
һΣǽĦһڴڵĳ밬˿׻ᷢʲôì
ʱĦǰһƷļв˼˿
ƷȻվӣûκһ˿ʵӡ
ĦﰵūͻĲ򵥣͸ղһƷҲһ󣬵ƷӾһ㷴ӦûС
ˣʲô𣿡Ʒ粻ʡ
ĦӾзӦһΣЦޣûС
ûУƷ۽Ħ֡
Ħһ£ЦǺǣȻ겻ҪҶĻҲòȰ㣬Ƿɡ
˵꣬ĦǱĿѾסƷ硣
ⲻ֪ƷȫûѽĦ˫ĦţЦǺǣС֪ƿ˴˾Ļȷʵ̫ԲˣС羹Ȼ˷ƿ˴˵ľСҲûоܾĵ
㲻֪ǻ˵𣿡ĦƺвƷˡ
СֵǮ˭˭Ӯ˵Ʒ䵭Ļص
˴󾪣ūҲʵ̫ǿˣڽĦǰҲ˵˵Ŀ
Ħаŭ˵ξҿɹܲҶڵʱᷢʲô飬Ǿͱû㡣
˵ĺСˣʱܹƷ繰ֶ
㡭Ħˣû뵽ССūͶȵԼͷˡ
ʱ˿Ħ壬С绹̫£¡
Ħ۰˿ߵû£ˣ
˵꣬Ħֱ˦ŭȥ
УвңôӡƷ簵ĺߵ


399 ֮ǰ
Դ޴ȡ֮Ҳû¾ٰ졣
ǣƷܷƿ˾ӣȴǽֻʣ졣
ԭѧԱǶ޴֮²⣬ȴǱξȳڸǹȥˣҲûжٻȥ̸޴еˡ
ԣѧԺ֮У̸۵ĶǹƷܷƿ˾֮¡
ȻҲƷ磬ΪӵдʿʵĽܷƿ˵ҪԸƷĻСˡǽܷƿӮҲôʣ˵ĻǽܷƿԺͲ̧ͷټˡ
󣬽˼·ѧԺΪ޴ʹֶΣǷ٣˼ѧԺҲ޹⣬ҶԽ˼ĺøҲǴʧ
˼ѧԺ֮󣬵ࡣ밬˿֮ǰķ࣬Į˾֮ǧȫȫǱһƵģ˿ҲûˣƤӡ
һеһУѧԺ֮УΪѧͻȻʣձúܹŹ֡
һеԵɣū͵ϡ
Ʒܷƿ˾֮£ȴѧԺеʦѧԱǵľĦﶼڴһĵҪۿԼĶȥǸԼū͡
ʱ䣬٣˿ҲԽӵĵǡ
ܿ죬ӣֻʣһҹʱˡ
УҪ㶼ȥ
ڱУ˿һѶѷŵƷǰ
Ʒɵˡ
ǰǸ߼սףиƷȣǼЬӣħмħ˲ָС
С㣬ǡƷһ㶵ӡ
˿ЩԴʵԱס붼ôϡ
벻ô鷳ɡƷεĻص
ʲôô鷳ĺ𣿽ܷƿһɲöԸҪºֵĻɾûˣ𣿡˿ǵ˵
⻰Ʒиеůůģ˿Ҳ̫ڹԼˣͷЦС㣬ܷƿ˵ʵôǿЩҲ˶õġ
뻹Ա˿ҧ˫˫۽Ʒ磬һرС
ǺǣСֻһµūͶѣҵֵǮƷ΢΢һЦ
˵ˣ㲢ҵūͣѣ𣿡˿
ллƷͷЦˡ
ͰЩϰɣ𣿡˿дһ˿
Ʒһ£ǰЩЦˣǺǣС㣬ҵĻľҾԿƽƽĻ
㡭˿һ
Һ𣿡Ʒ˫۽Ű˿
֪ΪΣƷĿ֮У˿ض˿һţһȥεš
ڣ˿ǵ˵ͷţһҪҺúõĻ
һġƷЦЦ
Ϣɣ״̬Żᷢӵĸá˿ɫȻ¥ȥ
ƷŰ˿ȥıӰĪһ¶ǽָоѹˡ
͵þˣҵӦƷ̾һ
֪֮ǰǳ𣬻вɭԼ밬˿ʧ٣Щδɱʬ壬ԺôҲöԼЩɣľƷ粻뱻˸Ҫ¶Ըܷƿ˵ĻȷʵЩѶȣúúӦ֮ߡ
ģƷɳУı˫ۡ
̣ͬѧԺĲУһӰ
û˱ǽܷƿˡ
ʱܷƿ˶һˣָעǰ
ģƺڽܷƿ˵˫֮ǰƷӰ
ߣ㣡Ϊɶһĳ֣Ŷ˿ܷƿɫ͵һ
ݵһ
һɫӰǻӰ˹ȥһݺݵ˺˹ȥ
飡
ƷӰǲһı˺ΪһƬƬĩܷƿݵӰɫӰ˳һݺݵȲڵأţһᵱ˿棬ɱˣ
ɱˣѧԺеĻԻᱻѧģܷƿ˿ǽĦΨһӣǿѧԺҲӰܷƿ˼̳峤֮λԽܷƿ˾ɱƷҲνǮѡ
룬һλµūֵͣ˶Ǯ

գůʥһĹâĹѧԺ
ڣ׼Ҫʼˣ
û뵽ѧԺεľĹעȾ֮ߣرȡ˽ѧԺепγ̡
̼䣬У԰ȺʼѧԺеľӿȥ
Ȼ˵ѧԺﲻɳΥĶŹѧԺرһרΪѧԱǽо
ھоĻǿԱȽϹƽģ˭ȥԼϲĶ֣ԲܶԶԷɱ֡
ھо˿ɲ٣עȲرĸߡΨһΣעѾﵽʷ¸ߡ
Ͼһµūȥսһλʿһ㡣
ģھϵĹ̨Ͼͼˣ׷ţڴǵ볡
Ǻǣû뵽֡
ǰǻһ
ʱӰĵĶȺ֮С
պգλĦ޽ܷ򣬲װȽϼ򵥣ֵĳ£ע⵽ǵĴڣҲûȥעΧˣĿǾС
ˣԺý𣿡޽ܷͻȻʡ
ôأĦЦЦ
ԵĿǽܷƿˣʿ꼶Уܷƿ˿һλǳ˲ţҾôţҲûô׶Ըܷƿˣҽܷƿܵ˳裬ľǺΣյġ޽ܷ˵
⵹⣬Ѳǻֹ𣿡Ħ΢΢һЦ
ǺǣҲǡ޽ܷЦЦ㲻˵ˣĿѧԱǿյľ
ʱܼȺ֮УɫĮĽ˼ţԱߵĻһλӡ
ûˣ˱ǽĦ
ĦﻹǷǳעξġ
ףôڻûأ˼ʵ
ˡĦ˵Ǽһﲻˣ
Ӧòɣ㿴˿Ѿˡ˼Ŀ˲Զİ˿ϡ
ߣѲɻǱūͻܴҶ𣿡Ħм
Ҫأ˼ͻȻðôһ仰
Ħ£ɫһģ
𣿡˼˵֪ΪΣܸо첻еô˳
̸ţͻȻǽĴ֮ǰɫսĽܷƿ˱ų˽ȥ
ˣǽܷƿˣ
һٶĻš
ⳡޱȵĻܷƿȴ᲻κεļ飬ЩһĪ衣
ôʿȻ˴ȥһµūս˵ȥ治֪жඪˡ
ڣܷƿֻݺݵĳȥǸū͡
ģܷƿѾھ룬ȴƷĵ


400 
أ
˿ʼˡ
ڣѧԺеѧԱ뵼ʦѾˣܷƿ˶ھеȺš
ǣѾȥ˽ʱͷˣǸū͵Ӱûš
𣿡ܷƿɫѹѾõŭȴǵòйýܷƿ˱üΪܡ
УҿǼһ˰ɡ
ߣҿ˰ɣ
ū;ūͣ˵ı˼ҵսֲҳˣ
ܷƿǼһҲʵ̫ʿɣȻһūս

Ⱥ׷ţųЩʦ֮⣬ѧԱǶѾŭˡ
һ£û뵽һûнľⲻԺݺݵˣһ
ɣٽڰ˿ΧЩѧԱŰ˿ĿⶼΪ졣ǿֳ֮£˵綼ӵĶ԰˿ˡ
տʼЩɧˣ޽ܷ̲סüͷ˵ԺĲ˰ɣ
Ǻǣ᲻𣿡Ħһƽӡ
޽ܷ⡣
Ϸ򲻸˵һܹеùܷƿˣʵȫһƴĻǻԱ룬һССūܹʿսʹˣҲǹٵģԣɲ𣿡ĦЦ
Ҳǡ޽ܷ˵ͷɻʣڻ
ܷ򣬿㻹λħʦ룬ħʦϵĶһλԼҪǿĽʿҪʲô侲侲ȥӦԶ֣ȥսʤ֡Ħ޽ܷĿӹһۣܴϷûĻĥĽܷƿ˵ԡ
ԣ޽ܷ˼ӡ
ûϷԸоڵĽܷƿ쳣ķŭŭȷʵһɺܿµǣŭҲͬʱʧȥǣһλ侲ħʦһλʧȥǵĽʿã˭ʤߣĦһɫ˵ԿĦ˫Ե쳣˷ܡ
Щ޽ܷǻȻжλصūҲԽӵĺ档
û뵽ūͲ츳£һߺһԺ󵽵׻ᷢչʲôľأ
ȴãûпū͵Ӱ
˿ʼɷŭתΪʧһǸ߹ū͵ֻۣһ˶ūͶѡ
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ʱܷƿ˼ֱˣƷ磬ʵСӣôʤ
ܼ򵥡ƷɤӣȻҵʵҲĶ֣Ҷ˵Ҳܲƽÿ˶һȶ򣬹ֲ֣ǵǰˣ˵ˣǵֵľͲñˣǰоͿԾʤˡִƽֵĻǵǾͻҲһսʽɣ
һ㶣û뵽ūͻͦģǰƷ˵ĻǵֵľͲýˣƷҲԱסһС
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һƻܷƿ˰
ʵƷսһָܷƿ˿ʼĻΣܷƿһԼȡʤȻڵڶӮغ;֣Ʒҿ϶
Σ֮Уܷƿһһ֡
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ѵܷƿ˻ڵڶйƷ磿
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ǣ֪ǣƷһֱ򾲣һֱһŵЦݡ
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Ǻǣܼ򵥣ͱУΪʮףÿλᣬ÷ָΪʤܷƿһЦ
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һҲʵ̫ˣǼôҲõһЩԽܷƿ˵ļ֮֮аĵ߷
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ܷƿһûشƷĻ˾ŻѣʲôҪҲˮĻ㻹ܵʲô
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ߣҲ䣡Ħһ
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ͻȻŽܷƿ˵Կʼˣ
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Ʒղò˾Żѣû뵽Ʒ羹ȻȥƽܷƿˣܷƿǺ죬ĺ֣ȴֵÿš
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ÿ죡
ĿⶼѾǼˡ
ǣϬļʸĵһ̣ǼʸȻһ̼΢΢ƫһ㣬ǳŽܷƿ֮ǰڼϵһ˹ȥ
ȵһ죡
Ǽʸֱӽڼϵ֧˺Ϊ룬ȻٺݺݵǼС
ˣˣ
죬ѵļ֧ڵأƷһȴȫȡ˽ܷƿһλá
ÿµļ
˾Ŀ࣬ĦЩһ
ŻȻֻǾŻƷȴȫ˽ܷƿ˵һе֮˭Ҳú
ʵɣܷƿ˰ԼòƷļеˡ
ȻֻǶʮ׵ľ룬ƷѾȫȫսʤԼƷԼܷƿ˶ûܹȡʤƷ硣
ʱƷѾջ˳İھУǽɫյ֮£Ե˵ϡ


404 Ķ
ɼŻŸ
⻰ܷƿѾȫˣڵһĻĲбܽ
һʮŻʮ˻
ĻʹܷƿһʮҲˡ
ʤѾȫˡ
棬һƬžû뵽ū͵ʵ֮ǿ
ܵģǲܵģܷƿ˲ĵ߬ȭͷɫȻ
ˣˣȻһūͣ
ߣܷƿһ涪ʿ
ǼһͲʿ

УѾʼһЩɧرʿ꼶ˡ
УΪ꼶ʿЩԭڽܷƿ˵ĳݣҲʧ
룬һū͵ˣΪʿĽܷƿ˻ʲôҫѧԺЩŮĿҲʧȥԭе
ԿһȺȺհ۹ĶƷ硣
С硭˿ĵĿˡ
Ǻǣû뵽ȻӮˡͻȻ˰˿ԡ
ʦ㣬ôˣ˿ͷһ㶡
ܲ𣿡ЦЦ˳ƲƷ磬̾˵ʵ治򵥣˿ѵûɹ𣿡
ݣ˿һ¡
ûһģԼߣ˵кܴķ𣿡ȵɫͻȻ
Ȼ֪ĹȥȴǿԸоһԱҵˡ˿һ㽰ӡ
ôȾסˣŰ˿ǰ㽿ЦݣЦˣǺǣ˿ıˣϲ㡣
ʱƷĵɫįĽܷƿˣЦʣǺǣƿү㻹еأ
ڻбҪ
ˡܷƿҡҡͷ˫۽Ʒ磬һ֣Ӯˣ
˵꣬ȫ㼤ҵĻ
ӮˣƷӮ˵һֵıԣֿʿеʿ֮һ
֮£ܷƿ˵ɫȴԵ˵㲣ҫǲԼˡԼӵеģֻǳ衣
ҡͷ̾Ϣһǰջ˵ĹǼУĬĬ뿪˾
ڶ֣ʽʼˣƷӮ˵ĻֵȶѾûҪˣⲢġ
öܷƿ˲̧ͷƷ磬ڶָÿʼˣεıԹֵˡ
Ǻǣû㣬ڶֵı䶨ˣҸҿ϶Ʒŵ˵
ڻи˭˵Ʒ
ȡһԣƷ羹ȻǼкֻ֣˵һ㣬ƷۺʵǺܿµġ
ͬʱҲδ֪ġ
ϷĺڴĦ˷ܵĳ
ֹĦڳ˶ڴƷĵڶֱԹ
Сӣ쿪ʼɣүûôõԣܷƿ
Ǻǣ𼱣һֵıҵȥƷ΢΢һЦ
ܷƿסˡ
Ӧ˵˵Ķסˣ޲ⶫʲô
ûԵһᣬȥȥƷ˵꣬תߡ
Сӣñˣܷƿ˺
ǺǣҶˣҲֻܰҵĻȥ棬ѲɣˣƷ΢΢ͷһ۽ܷƿˡ
㡭ܷƿɫһҧгݵҽܷƿ˴û˭οһūͣ
СūͣūҲū͵淨Ʒ絭ӦһȻķȥ
ˣ
ȻǲܵģƷûߡ
ⶫʲô
оɻ󣬷׷š
ףС˼ʼˡ
ߣͿСˣʲôĦһнܷƿѾ̫ϣˡ
ڣڶֵľȨѾȫƷˡ
Ժǻʲô޽ܷ̲סʡ
ȫ֪ϷڴĦɫԵ쳣ļ
Ҳĺ棬˵ƷҲǰ˿ūͣⶫҲ֪Щɣͷ㳯˿ʵ˿ã˵Ƕʲôģ
Ҳ֪һڸʲô⡣˿ҡҡͷ
˽⻹̫ˡ̾Ϣһ
˿˵ͷĳ
ʵ˿£µԼĸףЩ±Լĸ֪ˣʱҲ֪׻ʲô
ʱ䣬ȥ˺һʱ䣬Ʒ绹ûл
ʱܷƿеŭѾ챬ˡø𣿾ǹѧԺҲûҪôʱɣ
ԣƷһϷŪܷƿˡ
ܷƿ˾һ԰Ķһ㣬һɵվټյľСܿϧֻû˭Ҷڵȴǵĵȫѽܷƿ˸ˡ
涪ʥĦȴֲܷ
ڣܷƿʵͲסˣͷĦеԺҾһֵıԷǳƽ㿴˶֪ȥˣ
ƿˣٺú侲һˡĦӦһȻı˫ۡ
Ժܷƿ˺һ˵ʲôģĦǰԼӣĽеĻѹסˡ
ͻȻ˾ˣ
ûǵϤӰ˾еĴš
һܷƿɫĿֱƷȥ
Ħ͵˫ۡ
̼䣬˶ǾеĴǰȥ
ʱƷЦ⣬첽ϻ˸
ǣƷŵĶǾ͸˸еˡ
Ϊһӣӣ˵󲻴˵СҲС߱߿ԼĪҲֻʮ״С
ȻһӶѣƷҪеĻ㶼Ūһ
ⶫôõģ
ԣһԣôȣ
˶ȫɵסˣĦסˣǽʾ֭ûõⶫô
ǣƷǰŵЦݣܸоƷѾʤȯˡ
ܷƿɫ˫ȭսԴӿƷǹ߹ʱоͿʼһַǳõԤС
ѵעҪ𣿡ܷƿмǲʡ
û취ԹѾô涨ˣעⳡѾ޿ɸıˡ
ֱƷ˾룬ķ˵ϡ
ƷЦŽܷƿˣǸ˵˼Ϊҵط˷˲ٵʱ䣬õˡ
Сˣܷƿ˰һһǵϵӣʵСӣ˵ⶫƺ𣿡
Ȼⶫ治ŪƷЦЦ
㣬ⶫʲôԣǱȵʲôܷƿ˼ʵ
Ǻǣһ֣ǱȵǹƷ˫ЦˣЦȴýܷƿ˾ëȻ

ٶȫȻһƬ಻ʣڳû֪ʲôɣ
ڣḻĦ⣬Ħˣû뵽⾫ССūͣԼȫ͸
ӣʲôãǵһʲô


405 ȫ
ܷƿ˳ɫѾãƷߵСӣ㵽ʲôǺǣϸûֹŹֵ
Ҳ㻹ûҵ˼Ʒҡҡָͷ֮ˣӦúڻöԴ֮ǰǰҪһΪνͨ˵ľǿȣνƤ⡣ǣȴǺΪҪһ㣬ǱǹǣĹǲľԴΪصĿ֮й
ƷһλʦĽţþ㶵ģЩȴƷĻеõһЩ
Ǻǣ治򵥡ĦЦЦƷȴԽӵ
ڣܷƿ˶㶵ģһ˼ӡ
͵ģܷƿͻȻӦ˹̵ңСô֪Щģ
Ǻǣ鿴ˣȻҲͶˡƷ΢΢һЦ
Σѵұ𣿡ܷƿ˲мĻص
Ȼǣ˵ˣǱȵǹƷҡҡͷ
ʲôƨҪôȣܷƿ˲ͷ˵
Ʒ絹ǲӣһհĻصһֺܵ˵ɷ֣һֱӲǣһǣڱȵþǡ
ǣ
⣬ܷƿ˸ȫͷԡ
ߣܱʲôһҾҪӮ㣡˵ɣıԹ򣡡ܷƿƷ硣
Ϊǵı֮Ʒ۵ϵǸӡ
ⶫܱʲôܷƿ֮Աǡ
ȻȵǣҪľǶԹǵƷӦ˶٣ֵ˵ԷʽҲܼ򵥣ǰԼװ˭Ӳλ¶Խ࣬ˡ
⻰˶Ѿȫסˡ
أװСӻ࣬ԽܷƿƷǰװƨɽȥࡣ
ܷƿɫһСӣⲻˣⶫôװһˣ
ȻҲ˲ĵطôãССôװһˡ
ƷЦǺǣҪʵˣˣڶֵıԹҵҪʲôʲôȻҲȨ
ٷϻǸ͵ĻǾȿʼܷƿ˽е
õģǾȿʼƷˬӦ
һ㶣ƷǰŵӣѲܰԼװǸ
ԺǸСװ𣿡޽ܷɻ
֪ĦӦܹϸĿȥĻĦѾʼڲˡ
ĻĦ뵽һܿµǾһﵽľ֮⣬ȴǿı屾̬
ǣǰһСС˶ѣѲɻһ
ʱĿע֮£Ʒ绺ĴӵĸӣյʲôûС
ƿүɵúúÿſƷһЦֻѾŵǸվš
Ǿ棬׷վӣƷ϶š
ѵƷԼװǸ
ȻҲ֪ġƷѾﵽ˵߲֮ıȻûġ
˵ӣСһЩƷӻǿԼȥ
ܷƿ˿ƷǰŵӣѾʼ˾Ʒĳɹ˵ĻԼȡʤĻ
Ͼܷƿ˻ԼԶԶûдﵽֹŹֵ
ʱƷһɫ˫ƺüΪϥѹβһֱӼУƷϰȴǱ¶֮⡣
һ㶣𣿲Ʒ°λѾ켷ˣѲɻܽϰȥô룬ȫܺϺ
ܷƿһģƷ̵Сӣ˵ֻ𣿡
ȻǣֻǼ򵥵ĵһѡƷЦЦĦȭƣ򵥵һ֫嶯ŵˣԿʼˣ
͵ģƷ簵ڵ֮С
ɼƷǺ죬ȴ֪ƷڵĹڹţԭ˫пճ˸Ŀռλá
̼䣬ƷӾǱһ鲼һ㣬ܹǰĻԿԸоƷѾȫˡڵһӡ
⡭ôܣĦԾĵɴ˫ۣȻ֪Ʒ絽ʹʲôĦȴǿԾ֮̽оȵķ֣ƷڵĹȻڹš
桭Ǹ֡Ħﾪȫ
ףô£˼ɻ󣬿ƷӣͻȻŮһ㣬ûʲôر𡣳Ļ޷Ǹ
ĦûͣǲĵĻصƿҪˡ
ˣ˼ԾһˮūͿǱеĻҪӵĿ¡
ܷƿƺûʶԼֻǿƷһ㣬һСӣڸʲô
ҲĲ⣬ƷֻǼһӣϰĻҪ°࣬ĿռλãɲƷϰӡ
ʱƷѾȫǹĿ⡣ǿ֮£ƷڵĹڽǧٹֵı仯
ĦһֱڲƷ״ԼĦɫԽԽԾ
̫ˣ
δû˵ĹȻϵġ˵ֱеĹȻ뱾ǣ壬ȻڽعУܿµȫѾĹ켫ޡ
Ȼ׵ˣֻܿƷϱúһ㡣
ܷƿʵͲסˣеСӣ㵽湻ûУ
ٺ٣ˡƷϷʰЦЦڵĹ͵һɣһ
ʱ˶ֵĿƷ˫۽ӣһľ˼ȦļС
պã಻٣ƷװǸӡ
⡭ôܣ
˹һĻȫȻһƬ׷վӣȥķ֣ƷƺѾȫûбϵ幹죬Ӿһཬһ㣬
֡
ܷƿ֣ӣ΢΢ǰ˼׼ȥӽӡ
ͻȻڽܷƿ˼ӽӵʱ
͵ģоǺȻһֻ֣Žܷƿ߶ķֱһָ
ܷƿͻȻһ˰벽
ţһ־ʰԱߵǺиӣһסˣƷѾȫȥˡ
ܷƿѱǰĹһĻסˣһĴԭһ
ʱ̼Ϣ˶Ѿȫľˡ˭Ҳ벻ףƷ絽ôԼװССģ


406 ŭĽܷƿ
ʱ򣬻
ƷѾ֤Լȷʵװһˡ
ǣܷƿȴǲܡ
ڣܷƿѾǿȫˣվԭأǾŲӣݺݵһˮǲòƷǸҲװ棬ʵ̫ˡ
˿߶ĲһˣһȾһ亹ǵһμ
Ҷ˽⻹̫ˡ˿ɫȻ
ιιҡš
ܷƿһ㶣ݺݵӣСӣû뵽㻹ͣ
ȻӦʲôй˰ɣ洫ƷǳƵ
ߣҲ԰쵽ܷƿ˶ˡ
𣿡ƷЦһ
һ
Ʒһֳſӣ¶Ʒͷ­
˽ȻһƷƺҲ̫˰ɣоѾûˣֻʣһŻͷ­
СӣԳˣܷƿһ
ٺ٣ᡣƷЦЦͷǱ档
Ǻ棬׷ȥһƬž
աա
洫һѰ
ȻƷڵĹѾȫλˣԽƻԭλҲһ׵Ļ
ܷƿɵˣҡŵӡ
ͻȻƷһƷ˦˦ͷ˦˦ֳ֣ߡ
͵һ£ƷһӯĴԾ˳
չһƷӲرı仯Ǻǰһһ⵽ôģ
Ʒչһǣ˼֫嶯ȻŽܷƿˣȤζЦƿүֵˣһĻһӮˡ
ܷƿ˳ĵ˵ͷʵһնûС

˺ɵĳŽܷƿˡ
˵ΪһʿĻͱȽ׳ʵԽܷƿ˵;ҪƷһЩ
ףĿ𣿡˼һȵӡ
ߣҶԣ𣿡Ħӣǵô˵棬ȻĦ綼ûۿȥˡ
Ʒһӣеվһߣб۽ܷƿˣߣҵˣҿɲôù
ʱܷƿһ亹ӣһԵ˵ĳأÿһƺʯѹÿһܷƿ˶ڳеһǿѹ
ԼĿ
ڣܷƿԼѾʼԼˡ
ȨȫѧԺȨôʿȻʹһūͣ
棬˭
û취ֻǿȥˣӼһĻ˵ǿĿԡ
ɣȫ˵ע֮£ܷƿ˻ߵӵǰһƷ磬ߵСӣģүҲһԡ
ǺǣҿɾĿԴƷ粻ΪȻЦһЦ
ơܷƿ˳һ
£ܷƿ˱ѧƷӣȰ˫档
ޱȺ棬ܷƿǰŵӣѵҲƷӵǹŹֵ
Ʒ絹һܸȤӣĿһֱŽܷƿˡ
Ȼ˫վ滹ǿԵġ
֮ǰƷĵһƺܼ򵥡
ǣܷƿվʱ򣬲ŷ֣ҪŽ滹Ĳһѡ
ӾͲٴһ㣡ܷƿ˰һӿʼ΢΢ĹΪҵƽУܷƿ˺СĵֳǸӡ
漴ȿʼѧƷ֮ǰӣϥһƨɿʼ˳˫ȵϥＷȥ
ϧȵǲȥˣƨȴǿ
סˣܷƿһͨ졣
ͷܷƿ˷֣˵ĿⶼѾԼˡܷƿ˸оԼǻˣĲһĶˡ
û취ˣܷƿѾͣˡ
ߣүͲҼȥܷƿ˰˾ģ͵һʹƨɺһȥ

ܷƿ˴һǼȥˣȫ˺ˮġ
ɹˣܷƿССһ
ûãܷƿȴǷ֣ӱĲһܡ
ƿүѾɹɵһˡƷ޵ȴǿַˣδϾȻôɵƵˣȻΪȥһЩͲɵ顣
ү˵ģҾ;Կԣܷƿһûʶ⡣
棬ǰϰȥˡ
ܷƿȴһˣӵλòѾ챻Լ°λˣʣµĿռλãԶԶ㹻Լϰ
⹷ū㻹õֱԹ򣡡ܷƿж֪Ʒжٱˡ
͵ģܷƿ˴һƴ漷ĳţȫֱðǺ죬̵ʹˣܷƿӲûټκһ֡
쵰ҾͲŸ㲻ⶫܷƿ˲ĵƴȥӡ
ΣһܷƿӲûӼ١
ϣ˿ĻЦˣû뵽ܷƿ˻ôһĻ
ãܷƿ˵ŬûнӼ뼸֣ӱԽԽ
ڣܷƿҲͲˣһ쵰ʲôүˣ
͵ģܷƿ˱ʹ׼ӳ
κΣһʹȴȫסˣܷƿͣȫղסġ
ã
ܷƿһɫžúˡ
ΪѾʼˡ
ͨһ
ܷƿ˵ӣݺݵĵ˵ϡ
쵰
ܷƿ˷ĴҪֳӣѾʧȥƽˣһڹ꣬
ܷƿ˼ˣְӣʹӣϧǰβƺһˡ
MDܷƿ˺ɱǣܷƿӱţˡ
磬ûˡ˼һʧ
ǴĦñŭ
ȫôЦû뵽һĴʿȻᱻһССӸסˡ
ڣڽܷƿһҵŬ֮£ܷƿǴɹĳӡ
ǳˡܷƿ˽ѰĴһˮʪ·ˡ
ɣܷƿ˷Ӧʱ򣬲ŷԼѾΪȫЦˣƷ綼ڳԼЦˡ
裡ֱǳ裡
⹷ū
ܷƿ˺ݺݵķӣŭƷǰһָƷһ
ѾˡƷһŽܷƿ˵ָֻͷЦǺǣ֮ǰѾ˵úˣڳ˶֤һֵıԹҶˣҲһ˾ˣ޷ıʵ
㡭ܷƿú޲һɱƷ硣
ʵĺźֵıûϣˡƷεɿ˽ܷƿ˵ָͷתߡ
ܷƿǲʣ޺޵ƷıӰŭңܷƿˣٴζս


407 ľ
սս
û뵽ܷƿ˾Ȼ˲ӵٶƷս
̼䣬ȫ
ȻڽܷƿľٶΪģĺ뿴ū͵ʵҲûгʲôɧҪлܷƿء
ǺǣƱҪǹūˣ˼һЦ
ߣҵĶӣū;ãĦݵ˵
һսУƷѾʤ֣ڽܷƿ˵ٴսƷȫԸܾ
ǣƷȴƺԥˡ
С磡ܣһҪܣ˿ԵޱȵĽǡ
Ǻǣ˿ôҲûãھȨԼϡЦЦĿƷ磬ʵҲǷǳƷصʵ׻жǿ
Ժ˵𣿡޽ܷͻȻʵ
˵ĦĻһҲޱȵڴ
˵е˶ڴƷȥӦս
ʱܷƿ˼Ҫʧȥˣ˫۽ƷıӰŭеôֵĻͽҵս
£Ʒ߹һĨЦ˵Ʒ˼ܷƿ˻Ʒһǡ
ȷʵƷʵǿܷƿƷȵĻȫһεģƷȫڲ¶ʵɵĽܷƿˡ
˵־Ʒܾ
ȴѾãƷ绺תһŭĽܷƿˣʵƿүȷҪս
ȷһҪܷƿ˳Ļص
Ǻǣ˵ѾӮ㣬ҿȫûҪҪĻøһֵȥɣƷһЦ
ҪǰɣܷƿɫһǾһעӮ˵Ļ㽫õһңҪ˵Ļӹ۹Ӵʧ
һң
ȫһū͵õһҵĻū͵ݣԳΪһСˣһūݵ˵Ƿǳջġ
⻰˿ȴһȻһӱúìܣƷ䣬Ϊ˿ҲҪˡֲƷӮӮ˵ĻԺƷͲūˣҲ˻뿪˿
ô죿˿Ĭˡ
Ʒƺһҵջ󲢲رĸȤŽܷƿ˵ƿүһȷʵһܴջ󣬵˶ڲЩرĸȤ
㵽ܷƿʡ
ܼ򵥣ƿү˵ĻҪеһУ塣ƷֵֹĻص
ϵһУܷƿһ£룬Լϳ뽣ȽֵǮ֮⣬ҲЯϾЩĻҲûһҡ
룬ܷƿССūͶ㶨ˣӦԣ˾ͱù۹
û⣡ƷˬӦ
ߣ綼Ѿˣܷƿ˰һô˵ĻѾҵս
ȻƷ粻˼۽ܷƿˡ
֪ΪΣٱƷһ˫Ӷţܷƿ˾Ȼַëĸоеעˡ
ȫˣû뵽Ʒǽˡ
˿ìѾõڵõˣƷӮ˵ĻͲ뿪Լˡϸ룬Ʒ˵ĻǾ͵ôӴ뿪۹ˣְĵ
ܺáĦ˷ܵ˫ۡ
ҲĿתĶųеһС
Сӣ֣ܷƿ˵óѰ˵ȴֲòȥƷ
Ǻǣһѡ𣿡Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ܷƿһ㶣ĸй죬Ʒ粢еô򵥣ѵаմӮԼ
ԹأϿûκŶƷ粻ʡ
ģⳡܹƽҲʹκܷƿӦһ
漴ܷƿ˱㻺жϵףеĽһɵֻʣһİ£ǽʵļ廹ǿԶ׼
˵ƷԵݹˡ
Ӧþùƽ˰ɣܷƿ˳˵
ûƷĵ˵ͷſԼٱ¶ʵĻᡣ
ľǿʼˡ
̼䣬ȫ޲ż
ߣǿԿʼ˰ɣܷƿĦȭơ
ʱԡƷ絭Ӧ
ܺãܿǲ֪ʵʱܷƿ˺ݺݵ߬ȭͷ
ǺǣСǷƿүĶ֣顣ƷĻصȴǼ˲м
ְɣ˵ᡣܷƿ
ǷƿүҪСˡƷɫһŲӻܷƿ֮ȥ

һ㶣ҲסˣѵƷĳַʽ
Сӣ㵽ʲôܷƿ˲õĵ
ȻǾƷЦˣЦôĹ졣
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һﵽʲô˼һ
ߣܽƻȳֵĻͻȽױ˿Ħء
Ǵ
ǴûˣĦ̲סһ
Ҳǲ⣬벻Ʒ絽ʲô⣿
ţƷԽӱƽܷƿ˶ƷľٶԽԽ죬Ȼĺ˰벽
СӣŻ𣿡ܷƿʡ
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Ʒ粻˫ۣͬʱͣ˽ŲŽܷƿ˳
޲󾪣Ʒ羹ȻһվŲȴŽܷƿǿȭƱƽȻûһ˿˼
ܷƿһ㶣֪ϴαƷһŸ˴һνܷƿҲСˡ
͵ģٽƷǰʱͻȻһԾһȣƷӴȥʹöͣʹһмʿȥӲܷƿһš
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С磡㣡
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ƷĨЦ˫ŵչγһΧĹƣ˿ӡ
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Ȼ˵Ϊ֮£ƷǽӲסһˡ
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ܷƿɫ䣬оһŵѾˡ
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ܷƿʧһУѾȫʧȥˡ
ͨһ
ܷƿѾǱĵ˵ϣƷһССĺѾԾһŵµĽܷƿˡ
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ȫһУһУƷƺֻһ򵥵ʽͰѽܷƿǿһŹƸƽˡ


408 ޵
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ʱ˿̣ȫžһ˫˫ȫƷ϶ӰС
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ʱƷޱ飬Žܷƿˡ
̫ȭǿǱƷʵһֿ˵ȭرǶԸܷƿߣƷûҪʹùǿ
쵰
ܷƿ˳ĳӣ죬ڵŭѾҪȫˡ
裡ǳ裡
ôʿȻ˸һзŵˣҶ־Ȼһūͣ
ܷƿɱ˰۹⼷Ѫ˿Ʒ磬СӣΪͿԶԸңǸҵʵ
ǺǣǾͽˡƷ絭һ
ߣģľڲʽʼأܷƿһ͵һȣڵĶǿҵı˳տɫĶâһһȼŽܷƿ˵ӡ
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Сӣ¿ôԸңܷƿɫЦš
ǺǣǾ͵Թ֪ˡƷ䵭һЦ˫һƣչԭǹ춯
ߣͬʽ˵ûõģ
ܷƿ͵ɫһҽһţӱ֮Ʒ˹ȥ
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ٶȶͨ˵ȷʵǺܿ죬һգֻһɫӰܷƿ˱ѳ嵽Ʒǰ˵˦ȭݺݵĳƷֱ˹ȥ
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͵ģһֻӥצּΪ̽˹ȥڽܷƿ˵ұҸУ΢΢һ˿ݺݵҸС
Ҹ㲿λ֮е֮һѨƷΪ֮ߣѨλѾޱȣȻһץסֵҪ
ֻǣסѨ˵еĻȻЩ̫ˡ
ƷֻʵԾҲãƷҲֻ

ܷƿʹһԭӿȥĶͻȻ侹ȻˣӿĶûͷųȥбڡϧ⶷ֲܷڣֱֻл˷ıʹýܷƿֱֻۼԡ
쵰ҹ
ܷƿ˷ŭĻӳȭݺݵĳƷϱȥ
Ʒɫһ䣬һסܷƿ˵ұҸŽܷƿ˵Ƶ
͵ģƷڳһ֣Žܷƿ˵ĺ󾱲λ
Сĺ棡ĦҲ˲ݵĴһ
棿
ܷƿһ
ոƷӽܷƿ˵ǸķӦ̫ٶˣԡ
û˵ܷ꣬ƿ˸ûзӦ
͵ģ֮צһֱѾεĿס˽ܷƿ˵ĺ󾱣εһǿ˽ܷƿ˵Ѫ֮С
ˣܷƿһȫ˾ƹĳ˶ݵԡ
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ǺǣûءƷһЦͳһȣǿӲߣݺݵܷƿ˵ıײ˹ȥ

ܷƿһʹУǶѵӵƿȨʧȥˣĶҴܡ
ߣҳȥƷɫһһ֧Žܷƿ˵ıֱַסܷƿ˵ұҸ󾢣ͬʱһʹһ㣬ݺݵĽܷƿ˸˳ȥ
һ
ܷƿ˾Ȼɵ˽ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣȻݺݵ׹ڵء
ƷһתȻԭǹƣɫĮ
ֱˣ
ȫǼһĶʵֲƷ硣
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ǽĦҲãĦ򵥵ļ֮УͿƷ絽ʲôʹʲôֻܷƿĶסˣ嶼ʧȥ˿
ȫѻȸȻһƬžעǰʷԵһξ
һʹʲôʽôҶףĦҧгݵİš
˿⡭Ⱦֵĵɴ˫ۡ
ңʲô֪
ʱ˿̣˿֪˵ʲôˡֻ֪ãǳãƷʵѾȫ˳˿ķΧˡ
Ժ⵽ʲô޽ܷԾʡ
֪ĦĳֻֿܣǾƷӵһֿԿƶ湦ҪôͻеڶֿܣǾƷʵ
ǣĿȫ¶ʵɵĿΪʿĶ
ǿɵҪӵжôµ
ħħлûдﵽֻħܿƶֵĶԣһ潻֮УƷûʱȥħ
ԣʹݹ꣬ھĦȫⲻƷ絽ôƶֶġ
ʱܷƿǱվŭƷ˵Сӣ㵽ǶʹʲôֶΣ
ֶΣ˵˵ôɣƷһЦ
㡭ܷƿ޷ΪͿӮˣʱ仹أ
ǺǣҲϣⳡôˣҲûٵԣɡƷŰְǹƣƺŽܷƿˡ
СӣҪ۵ģ
ܷƿñŭ˫ſٵǰ󽻻ţȫǿҵ⣬ȥ
һΣܷƿԵѧˣ֪ᱻƷǹƣٽƷǰʱ򣬽ܷƿҵĻ˫ȭڵĶ˳ȭһˣֱƷӿ˹ȥ
ƷȻ壬˫Ŵ󿪣תζнһ֮ƣӭһǿ͵ɫˡ
䣡
񾢵ĶѹСƷϡ
ĵɴ˫ۣһ֮˿ɲСӣƷ粻ܽȥסܷƿ˵Ķ
һĻȴ˶ˡ
ǿ񾢵֮£Ʒ趯ֵƣǱһӯȻƯţû˵Ʒκһ֡
͵ģ֮£ŭĽܷƿȴǳ֮ͻӳ˫ȭشγɾӸ֮ƣݺݵĶ׼Ʒȥ
飡
һһƬʯܷƿһȭڵһӣ̳
ֵǣƷȴǹʧˡ
ǿ󣬵û˵ҡϤĮ
ܷƿһѭתȥȴƷѼ˫֣վԼ


409 ٻ
㡭СӵʲôʱܵҺģܷƿ˳Ծʵ
ڸո㹥ҵʱ򡣡Ʒ絭Ӧ
ʲôܷƿ˳վӡ
ÿµĦһɫղܿƷ綯Ҳ˶ѡ
ȷʵղƷļΪ죬ӯЭ͡ÿһζ֮䣬ܹĿԽһεľ롣
ĦأòƷʵˣϾĦҲĿƷղʩչĹûԶֵʵҪƷǰĦﶼ޷
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˾Ŀ࣬Ʒÿһ⡣
Ϊ˵ĻԴǺ޷ıĹ򡣵ƫƫƷ̥ûʹκεĶ벻⵽ǲ⹦Ǳӵ
ǣƷ翴ôᣬȽܷƿ˻Ҫᣬʵôǿô̬
ģһ治öԸܷƿ˰ǰĶѾ˱Ĺƣò侲ȥӦˡ
ȻǽսԶ̹ƲƷ硣Ҫǣܷƿ˾ֵʵû壬һֱýܷƿ˴ںܱ
ɴ࣡ҲˣܷƿƷ硣
Ʒһ㶣ҡͷһЦǺǣѧң
Сӣȳ֣ܷƿ˽е
ҿɾͲˡƷɫһ䡣
ȻƷӯĲӣÿһ֮䣬ܿԽһεľ룬ǲĺһǿҵӾС
ʲôܷƿ˿Ժˡ
ƷԼͻһεľ롣
תۼ䣬ܷƿӦʱƷȴѱƽԼӣȭݺݵĳŽܷƿ˵ϳ˹ȥ

ܷƿ˾һУû뵽һȭ֮졣
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ܷƿһȵĽסһȭ
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ƷȻ壬ֱһȭͷǹת˰Ȧȭ֮УͻȻָ̽ͷܷƿ˵֮С
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С磡˿һ
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绹һ֡˼һЦ
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ȷʵϿƷƺѾ·磬Щû˺Ʒֺ
ʱƷǿҵ֮Уָ˽ܷƿ˵֮УӿĶȻָʻ״ͷ˳ȥǶӽƷӣֻϿƷ类ǹΧ˶ѡ
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ܷƿ֣δ侹Ķ֡
ˣܿϧ㻹޷˺ҡƷҡͷ棬ֵ˰ɣ
͵ģƷͻȻڳһ֣ˮһ㣬ɵıǹɶŽܷƿ˵˹ȥ
쵰ܷƿ˴һҲſٵ̽һ֣ƷʹõƷƱΪȭȭгǿޱȵ⣬ӭƷһơ
ƷȫŽܷƿ˵һȭƹ趯ţһƻһ㣬һȭʱ򣬹תţϵжȥܷƿ˵һȭ
⡭ܷƿ˾Ǽ˹һ㣬־ĵɴ˫ۡ
û뵽ܷƿȫһȭȥʱǴ޻һ㣬̼ʯ󺣣ѰʵʵĿꡣ
ֱܷƿ˷ӦʱƷһѾεĹס˽ܷƿ˵ȭͷ
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ҹƷȭͷݺݵĽܷƿ˳˹
ܷƿ˾ȫղסģһ԰˳Ʒǰ˹ȥ
¸Ĳλ֮һƷһᣬڽܷƿ˷˹ʱƷѾ߳ҽţһԽż֮ƣݺݵĶ׼Žܷƿ˵ĸ˹ȥ
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ǣȴ뵽һ㣬Ʒо츳ҲҪָȻ䣬ЩʽԲǹƾ츳ġ
ֻ˵ƷıиܿµǿߣѾǳԽʥ򼶵ǿߡ
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뵽ڴˣĦ̲סˣȻվӣųеĽܷƿ˽̹ؼȥû𣿡
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һȫɧû뵽ʥļĦˡ
ǺǣĦǼһﻹˣϧˡĦҡͷڵĽܷƿѾʧȥ˵ˣô˵ȥͻȥأ
סܷƿɫһĲѳŭ𣬻ȥĻǲǵˡ
ڣʿȻһ΢ū͸¹ˣǲ޷ϴˡ
Ǻǣƿүǵľټȥˣ㸸׺ؼȥԷˡƷȤЦЦ
ߣû˭ֹ˱үľܷƿɫһ͵ĴһҫǿҵĺɫâڽԳһħ
ţܷƿһ־죬ңܷƿˣʿ֮ɣܵĻ飡
Ȼ䣬ħУһ泤εת𣬲Žܷƿ˵ֱӽʵס
ٶʧܷƿѾĳһֻŻİɫ
׼ħޣٶȼ죬߱ϵħ
ٻޣȻٻޡ
ȻΪһʿȻԼеٻޡ
ܷƿǱƷƷˣȻʹٻˡ
Դˣ˶ڽܷƿ˿Խӵıģ֮ƷʵȴԽӵ𺧡
һūͶѣȻƵһʿʹٻޡ


410 ںԪع
ٻޣû뵽ܷƿ˾Ȼʹٻޡ
ʿ׼ħޣʵɲԶԶһ㣬ǶϽֻ֣ҪĬĻǿԸûġ
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ʿ˶֪ѽܷƿжٱˣڽܷƿ˾ȻΪ˶Ըһū;˴£ʵ̫ʿˡ
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ٻޣƷüͷһ塣
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СӣοôӮңܷƿ˵Цȴǲ֪ʱѳΪȫЦˡ
׳գЦ¾еÿޣƷ簵һȴǱֵĺƽ
ǣ˿ȴ̲סˣվ󺰵ⳡͲƽ
һȫɧ
ȷʵǺܲƽܷƿʹͬٻޣʦƷһս
ߣүڲʲôǹƽܷƿ˳һ߶ƵĽǰһָӵУƷ˵Сӣʿս㣡ɣ
쵰˿
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ǺǣİɣӦģοԺأʲôΣ𣿡ЦЦ
˿һ£ҧеĳ嶯ɫ˳ϵƷ硣
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ܷƿ˷ˣ˾
ûܷƿǷˣͲһƽˣǶɱܷƿֻɱƷ硣
Ʒûкµӣվԭز
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ʱ䣬˱ɳԾĿƷ֮УȻһš
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Ʒ絹ǲŲæŨǻھĲٿ֮£ǻ򼱾ѹֱһĴС
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Ʒɫһڼע⵽֮£ԭѹĻ֮УȻ˷֮ħ
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ʱƷסһ͵Ļлӭһ޴˳ȥ
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֪Ļ򹥻;߱弶ħǿȣ˲ħ
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ܷƿ˻Ϊˣ֮ͣ㲻ˣ
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СݺݵĻ˳ü֮Уһǿĳ֮ǿбƽ˳Ժ֮Уһǿ֮С
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ܷƿһʱԵĽˣٵԾһߡ
ħ𣿡޽ܷ򾪺
ںԪعĦɫһ
ںԪع޽ܷһ㶡
ûںԪع븴ħȫͬʡħֻǽͷųħǿ͵ĸϣħںԪعȴǴӸԵںԪأԪħͷ֮ǰںϣһͼħҲܳħϷľܹںԪعˣͨķʥǿ߶Ѿ콫ԪںʹõӽˣĦţӼĶڲ
ǣȴȫɵˣ弶ħƷĵͼħˡ
Сӣң
ܷƿһأ͵ǰһţգۼӵƷǰ־𳤽ǿҵ⣬ݺݵĶ׼Ʒͷֱֱն
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ͻȻ䣬ܷƿ˵ĶȻͣסˣеĳҲͣסˡ
պգǽȥƷ˫־Ǵһ㣬ļס˽ܷƿ˵һе⼫俪˵â
סˣĽסˣõĻ֣
𺧣ȫһε𺧣̫ˣǼٵԼȥˡ
áÿ£޽ܷˡ
⵽ʲôĦס޲ýƷʵȥúоˡ
С𣿡˿һ
Եȸ˵ʯһ㣬ȫ޷
ǸĦҧгݵ
硭˼ʾͬ顣
ܷƿһ˿־壬ԭӵеŵȻȫޣԼȫһָ˫ּסˣýܷƿ˽ʵ
ǣ˵Ļʲôûˡ
뵽ڴˣܷƿڵŭٶȱͬҰްķ񱬺һ쵰ҾͲɱ㣡
͵ģܷƿڵڷı˳ǿҵ˵ĺɫ
û뵽ܷƿ˾ǱƷƵÿҪͻˣѾٽʿԵˡ
Ʒһüͷ
ܷƿĿǿĶȫӿڳ֮УѳޱȵĳأܷƿһʹƷ˫ĦЩλá
ܷƿһ㶣ˣЦСӣ
ݵģܷƿһų³š
ǿ˲١Ʒ簵ӾǱһѹùӡ
ã
˽ס
Ȼ˵ѾסˣµĻԴ뿪ܷƿ˵һĻͿԻƷˡ
һߣѾ·𣬷ŭĳƷͳ˹
ˣĦɫһ˫ӹһ֮⡣
ȷʵ˿̵龳ƷѾǷǳˡ


411 ֻʣڿ
ˣܷƿѾͬʱɱˡ
СӣˣҾԲˣܷƿݣڵĶע볤֮С
⽣ƣʵ̫ˣƷӲϵıѹ£ˡ
С磡˿ˣҲżˡ
Ʒ߹Ц˫ǳ͵һɵ
ܷƿһûӦȴǹ԰ȥ
£ƷһŶڳһţ㼸ֱܷƿ˵һ˹ȥ

ܷƿһУһЩɵеĳȴƷϵȥˡ
֮£ܷƿ˸ɴɳһ֣һȭݺݵƷػ˹ȥ
ϧƷѴǽ˿һŤһȦһֱŶȥ
һ
ܷƿһȭڵϣѶһЩʯ
ߣ
ܷƿ˴ŭһת
ͻȻһӰȴ̸˹
ܷƿһɫתȴʱˡ
ΪǳѾ͵ײ˹
飡
һǿҵײ֮죬ܷƿȫղסӣӾǱײ˳ȥ
ǳƺʶ˲Ծֹ˲ӣԼѱԼײˡ
ģƷ˳࣬ЦǺǣллİæˣϧҲˣ
͵ģƷ˫ƣųĲ˹ȥ

ʹһУӾƷ˫ƸƳ֮Զ
Цⳡʵ̫Цˡ
ٻ޾ȻԼչ˹Ʒȴ֮һһ޶Ʒˡ
⹷ū
ܷƿ˷ŭķӣ𳤽ٵƷȥ
ʱڽܷƿ˽ӽƷʱеĳǿҵ⣬ĳƷڷҵĻš
ݣݣ
һɫâֱƷ˹ȥ
ƷȫȻ壬ӯĲӣϵЩâ϶дأЩâֻܴƷӹû˺Ʒֺ
ܵģܷƿַˣ͵һԾ˹ȥ˲ƽƷӣݵһն˹ȥ
Ʒ׼һԾǰٵƵ˽ܷƿ˵ļף
ܷƿһ㶣ǱƷһ
Ʒгһǿһɽţ
飡
һײ֮죬Ʒһӡ˽ܷƿ˵ıأǿȴǽŽܷƿһף

ܷƿһʹУͷѪֱǰһ㡣
ǿ
㵣룬ܷƿÿǸƷķףû뵽ǳܲƷ

ܷƿһŵأԾڿգһŤתŭĻӾٳƷɱȥ
ˣ׵ˣԾֻöʶƸĦɫҲ׵ıƷչֳǿʵˡ
ۼܷƿ˴Ҫɿճɱʱ
ƷͻȻһ㵹Ǵӽܷƿ˵ǰһӹȥ
ܷƿһ׼ŻС
ͻȻƷȥ֪֮ʱѾ̧ҽţŽܷƿ˵֮ȥ

ܷƿ˫һףͻȻϿգȻͨһء
Ȼ󣬻һĻˡ
ܷƿ˾Ƕеĳ˫֮УʹľڵأʵǱ
ȫЦһЩŮѾߺˡ
û취ǿ˵û뵽Ʒ־֮ݡ
ֱܷƿ˵ʹʱһϬĳѾ˽ܷƿ˵ס
ܷƿһ㶣ȥƷԼĳƿү֪ڻҪȥ𣿡
ܷƿɫȻĳӣ廹ʹľЩվȣƷã³ôһ仰Ӯˡ
ܷƿԶˣƷҲǿʵӮ˵ڶֵľʤȫǱըһ㾪
ʱܷƿ˱ĬĬתժȥʿӵеҫ£ȥȥˡ
ֻǣܷƿĺʧҲһս֮󣬽ܷƿҲ뿪ѧԺˡʹ뿪ܷƿҲûڹѧԺȥˡ
û߼Ʒش˹ƿүǲ˶ˣ
ܷƿͣ˽ŲޱĻͷƷ硣
ƷհЦЦƿүǺйԼڶеľӮ˵ĻϵжУڳλ֤ƿүҲһûɣ
㡭ܷƿԼȷʵˡ
ƿˣŵˣѵΪʿһû𣿡Ħ
ûܷƿ˾һʬһ㣬ȥϵףеĳ˵Щˡ
СƷЦЦ
㻹Ҫʲôܷƿʡ
ǼһҲҵˣȽǵԼƷָָǳ
ܷƿ˰ŭϾˣֻϵùˣ벻㻹̰
ǺǣֻûҵսƷѡƷȻЦЦ
ܷƿһĬһֵһѪɫֱ߱ƷĶ˹ȥ
ȻƷ˫ֳ֮һħ
ȻһǿҵĻֶ𣬳Żһ棬ӿħУʧ
ղתٻѾˡܷƿ˵˵
һ˵ĻƷɲֻħ˫ˣһٻޣҲʵ̫ˡ
öƷһЦѾֻٻˡ
ʵмƷԭƷҲϲƷҲΪϲ
ˡܷƿôһ仰תߡ
ȵȡƷֻ
ߣ㻹û𣿡ܷƿɫá
ǺǣԼǺ֮⣬ϵƷҵġÿϵ·ͿӣɡƷЦ
ʲô
ܷƿ˷ŭĵɴ˫ۣҲЦſˣūҲʵ̫ǿˣѲɻѽܷƿȫ
⹷ūҾ㣡̫֣øѾˣܷƿ
ߣҲ㣡˾͸ãѲΪҵЦ𣿡ƷĻص
㡭ܷƿǺ죬ˣݺݵ˵ããУ
˵ܷ꣬ƿ˱ȥϵյֻʣһС㣬¶ǽʵļ塣
Ƕˣ
ЦЩŵЦᶼû뵽Ľܷƿ˾³
ܷƿŭ죬ݺݵĳƷ磬ūҸ㣡ܵĳ裡һӱ
ͷ
һһգ۱ܷƿ˵ǰ
žһ
ݺݵһĶ⣬ܷƿ˱ֱӱȵڵء
ܷƿ˷Ӧ˹ȥף
涪ʥҹȥ
Ħŭһ־˽ܷƿ˵Ķ䣬ýܷƿ˳ʹС
תĦƷ磬СӣȷʵǿҺȻӮúܹ٣ҿԸ㣬ʥ岻ô۸ģΪ֮ɣ
˵꣬ĦľŽܷƿ뿪˾
ƷŽĦȥıӰһЦǺǣвһʥ鷳ء
Ʒ粢ھ
ʰõսƷӭ಻ϵĺһ뿪˾


412 һ
ԴӣƷܷƿһս֮䶯ѧԺ
һЩ;ߵˣҲΪûпⳡʵľź
ǣ˶ļסʵǿūͣС硣
ܷ֮ƿԴӾʧ֮󣬱ʽӹѧԺ˳ѧҲӴ뿪ʿ࣬Ҳʿ
ӴˣʿӢ֮ţӴΪһȡİߣһǰһλµūͣ˼ֻʣһڿ㡣
ҹ˿˼߻˱
ˡ
˿š
С𣿡洫Ʒֵɣûء
˿һ㶣֪ΪΣＫ临ӣ˵ȥƷĻֲ֪˵𣿸
ԥã˿ǹƿţ˽ȥ
һſڣɿһ۵İɫӰ

˿һ㶡
ΪЩ˱仯ȻһԾ޴һչռռ䡣
ˣ
˿һ㵡
Ϊħ޳Ǿûģǽ׼ħ޵ĻһԳ򣬾߱
С㡣Ʒӳ̽ӡ
С磬ô˿ʡ
ǺǣϴڲɭֵʱҺС㲻ǵõ˲ٵħ𣿷ҲȡˣұСħˡ֪ҲССһЩħԭ黹СġƷͷһЦ
ˣ㱾ҵġ֪ΪΣڰ˿˵Щʱɫһֱܺ
ҲǡƷЦЦ
ˡ˿̧ͷ˫Ʒ磬һʣС磬ľҺ𾪡ͬʱһҲҾúɻбҪеɻ󡣡
ǺǣĺҪ𣿡Ʒ΢΢һЦ
˵ҪĻشÿһ⡣˿һ֣أʼʣȻشң㵽˭
Ʒ׼ͽⳡ˵ǰ˿ѧԺԼҲɡ
ǣƷ绹ûش˿ĻһǳĲһЦǺǣС㣬ûʱҳȥأ
˿һ㶡
ǰѵõõôһսƷβúһƷЦ
ԣ˿ɫκ죬ĵͷáðɡ
СǾ鷳ˡƷĳ
ǳƺܿİЦӦţǹɵӡ
ܲ𣿳ڳΪƷٻ޵ʱ򣬾ȻƷڻǱһɺܿµʥϢ
ΪħǵȻϣԼܹһʵǿˣԳڳΪƷٻ޵ʱﻹĵġǱƷĻ˿ɱǿˣ˻ԼƤôħιء
Ʒų밬˿һͬ˱档
ͻȻƷһԾ˳ס
ɣƷĳŰ˿һ֣ЦС㣬ɡ
˿΢죬ֻķƷС
һ˿ԸоһǿҵڣӼԺиǳһݵ롣
ֱ˿ӦʱԼѾ֪ʱѾ˳Ʒůţð˿ͨ졣
ǺǣС㣬ˡƷЦЦСߣ
˷ܵĽкһһչշȥ
ҹôİǳңһĻĹԻ¡
ȻǾ֮УƯһɫӰ
ǵɫӰ֮ϣӰ
˿ɸ̾һ˽ӽȥɫ
ͬǣڰ˿һӣӣڰ˿˵ȴһԣҲԣð˿ǿص

˿ʼ̰ϲָо˽ӽȥƷϢйɵ
ɣκİ˿ͷһƷ磬ƷһƽرУﲻһʧѵԼһоû
С磬Ȼһ֪㵽ʲôݣ֪Բһͨˡ˿ͻȻ˵
С㣬ýҹɫر𣿡Ʒ΢΢һЦ
˿΢΢ͷ̧ͷգֵ㣬ϵǣֻܿȴǲȥȥ˽ǡ
ǺǣϵǣֻԶԶĿ㣬ػ㣬Զȥ˺㡣ÿһǣڵ壬ҲĹ£ûҪȥ˽𣿡ƷЦ
˿һ㶣ͷɫߺ죬Ʒ貵˫ʵǵأ
룬ǿǵѾûˡƷ絭Ļص
ԣ˿һ𣬲Ҫ̲סˣʵΪʲô
֪ҲǿǵѾڱ˵ˡƷ绹˺ģȻװ˿⣬һƻƷʱûܵġ
˿˫۷죬ִ˵ҲǿĵģʹôңԶ
Ʒһ㶣Ū˰ǰƷûνһˣôһӣȴǷôծأ
ƷĲټ̸Ż⣬ЦǺǣС㣬ͱ˷Ѵɫˡ
˿תͷƷҹգ˫ȴ͵͵ˮ
ҲԼƷ籾Ͳͬһߵġ
壬һжΪ壬ƾŰ˿źʣΪһʥŮûġ
ԣ˿ûȥ󵨵׷
ˣ޷ıˡ
þã˿ƽ飬ͻȻˣС磬ҸѾ֪ˣԡ
㸸ҪңƷЦʡ
ԺѾҵļڣǾҪȥˣʱ졣˿ص
ǺǣðɡƷص
˿һɫ
СڵҰɣƷͻȻ˰˿Ļ
Ҹ۰ңҲ˽ݵĻ;Բߣ˿˵ȥˡ
Ϊ˱İȫɱ˰ɣƷЦ
˿˵ͷΣԼƷչ黹Ҫֿ
ǺǣȻ˽ĸף֪㸸׾Բ˺ҡƷ˫һ
Ϊʲô˿ɻ
㸸Ҷ㲻ĻҵʵѾԶˡ߶һѵıڣø׻Ϊ𣿡ƷЦ
ĺ㣬ҶҲеԽӵĺ棬Ҳǿܹңûشһ⡣˿ɫ
˵ɡƷӦˡ
ǵòɭʱħ壬ȻҾһж֪ˡȴʱεһֵΣεһλɫİվҵǰȴǿģţ˾ħֹ֮ʵôɾͱħסɣ˿ʵ
Ʒһѵʱ򱻰˿
룬Ҳǲ̫ܣƷ绹ʹ˸֪ʵݣûʱһɱ֣ҵʦֵĻǶѾˡ
ɱ֣ʦ˿סˡ
ҵĵʦǡҵʦرңЩɱֶرԸǵģһʥɱ֡ƷصĻص
û뵽ʥ󵨡˿ˣֵĵʦһλǿߡ
ǵģĺǿƷӦһҹգҲƷһѡ
գ˿ҲĬˣһã


413 
̶죬תۼš
˿õԺر٣صشƷصʥ塣
һţЩһƷʱ۹Ϊ
ȻƷսܷܽƿˣҲжš
û뵽⿴ͨūͣʵ˵Ŀ£ʿж޷֮
С㣬ˡ
˿ƷһϹܼ÷˱Цӯӯ˹
Ҹأ˿Цʡ
峤ڴȺ򡣡÷˻ص
õģ֪ˡ˿΢΢ͷ
漴˿ƷﴦȥƷͷĬţڰ˿
ɣ÷˫ƷıӰԲ⣺˵ʵôǿ𣿲ĺ˿͸
룬÷˸еɻľǣо˿ƺˣˣһʱ˵
ˣһһţһԺ·ǼƷˣΪ𾪡
ľǴ˽ܷƿ˵Ǹū
˿أҲ֪δƷȥԵĵʲô
ˡ˿ͻȻͣ˽Ų
ƷҲͣ
漴˿תƷ˵С磬Ҹ׵Ļǧ˵ڵĻҸ׾ԲΪġ
֪Ʒ΢΢ͷʵиûη
漴˿Ҳû˵ʲôȥ
ʱʥĴ֮С
ʱڴ֮ǰκεҴŻǳŵġ
ϸȥɼɫϵİ˴еλ֮С
ס˿ɫɫͲ̫ÿˣҪвС鷳ˡ
˿𣿽ɡش˹
˿һ㶣΢΢ͷƷ絭˵߰ɡ
Ʒ˵ͷ
ɣ˱˼߽˴
ǣƷеʱһɿֲϱֱ˹
Ʒһû뵽һ氬͸Լôһ
Ȼ̽ƷʵƷԲ
£Ʒӱһɣȥǹǿѹ
ģƷӿʼֱð亹ӷģƷƺѹһ㣬ĹܹǿԵ
ȻƷ羹ȻܹսʤܷƿˣʵȻеģƷ粻̫٣ǱɵĻһӡͲˡ
ǣˣѾˣԼʥ򼶵ѹƣȻѹƷ磬Ǳ˵ƷǾŽϵʵ
ΪǣӦƷκεֻ˵Ʒǿ
˿һЦǽѹ˻
ƷֱŴǵõ˽ѣվֱӣվš
˿ȴˣеףô۸С磡
۸ЦЦ˵ֻ̽ʵжǿѣȷˣȷʵսʤܷƿ˵ʵ
ôȥ̽˼ҵ𣿡˿˵ȻάƷˡ
˫Ű˿ЦǺǣ˿ıˡȻ㾭ΪһЩ¶ײңδֻΪȥάһˡ
Сҵѡ˿Ļص
ѣƷ磬˵СӣʵȷʵҲҶݸеǳɻҲ֪ΪλʵǱʥ壬㵽ʲôĿģ
˵棬ɫ
Ʒ絹Ҳ壬Ļصˣֻ˵֮Իʥ壬ֻΪһ⣬СŶһ㣬ǴںܱģҲûȥΪҲ룬ҵʵôǿôܱȵһ壬ҲʲôǷǣԾʱʥ塣ʥΪ۹ļ壬Ҳûʲôɣ
⻰˵õðССһȴߵСӣͦʵݣʵ²ֻô򵥰ɣ
Ǻǣ֪˿ɷ֪ڴ½֮УһȺߡƷ΢΢һЦ
ߣһ
ûұ֮һƷƽЦ
ȷʵڴ½֮УǱǿߣǵƢܹ֣һζ׷ľ磬һ㶼ݶʽ򣬲ǲ½еκ
ǣЩ˵ǲǵġ
ȻӵǿʵҲ޼ǸûʲôҲһѡЩߵĻ⵽ߵı
ɣɫ֣صʵôᣬʵ֮ǿûĻһõߵָɣ
ҵĵʦƷ˳Ű˼ص
ɷ֪
ǺǣˣЩߵƢҲúɣǲԸ¶Լݣ㻹¡ƷǸһЦ
˵ͷƷĻҲҲҲ벻ƷǱʥɣȻҲṫȻȥʥ塣
Ѱ˼˻ʣˣ㵼ʦΪλ
ʦңҪͻƸľ磬ֻȥ磬Żõߵ򡣡ƷһĻص
ڵǺˡһЦ⡣
ллˣС粢ûдеôáƷǫĻص
Сӿ治򵥡򰵰ţҲʥ棬˵ܵõǿߵİⱾ⵹׬ˡ
뵽ڴˣʣҲίȫĳΪ˿ūͰɣ
ǺǣСûȥЩƷ絭һЦ
ûˣֻЩ߲ľƷˣЦǺǣܾܲʹίɣɣū͵ݣΪ˿ÿҿԸһӶΣ
ҲϲЩƷص
һ㶣ҲǣЩΪ׷ߣڽЩҲǿ޿УЦСֵûҪĶ˵ֻҪеģһ㡣
ԼĿˡ
ûʲôҪģҿԳΪ˿СҿԱİȫҪӵоԵɣϾҲԶܹסƷ˵
˿һɫȻȷʵƷͲһֱʥ塣
Ѱ˼˻ҲûϣƷܱԼãܹڰ˿߱ѾܲˣЦǺǣǺðɣԺȫˣ˿Ͱˡ
ֻҪһ˿СߣҾƴҲᱣƷɫᶨ
ͷͻȻɫһ˵ҪҶ˿ĻҾԲŹġ
ģҶ˿Сȫû뷨Ʒص
֪ڰ˿Щ֮һˡ
㡣ЦЦƷ˵ܸоԺҲΪǿߡ
ǺǣС绹ԶˡƷ΢΢һЦ
˿˾ͶڼɣҪǾƵĻСȥǣԲ뿪沢رİȫ𣿡ѵ
֪ˣ˿ˡ˿ޱĻص
漴˿Ʒ뿪˴
Ʒȥ֮󣬰ȴһϾһЦǺǣһǧңĦһµģҪˡ
ԭڰ˿ûдƷ֮ǰĦһǧңҪƷū͡


414 ʼ
ҹɫȻ
˿ڴǰǾҹɫԺ֮УȴǸֳƷֻ䡣
ԴӣƷ˰˿ԭֻڰ˿Ѿ˸ı䡣
ʵ˿ҲƷԺǷȥԼƷԶнԼԺ˵ҲΪһʥŮ
ֻһƽǸжð˿̾Ϣһ
֮ͬ䣬ƷҲǶһˣڴ̨֮ǰ
ȻҲķŰ˿顣
ԭƷħѰͻƣΪܹ˽۹Ժ͢ⲻ˻һͻƷŻѡ۶
֪û뵽ȴǶ˰˿رĴڡ
˵ϲĻƷ絹ϲ˿ǷϻŮ˭Ķ˵ǰĻƷ絹ûϰ˿
ңΪԼĴڣ˿Ż⵽ЩɱֵԺ˵иΣմ
ߣʥǸ鷳Ʒһߵ˵Ʒ綼Ƿǳ̵ġ
뵽ڴˣƷбֳ𸮡
৵һ£
ƷӰʧֻ֮Уӹһ޷ɼĹۡ
һ̣ڹ۶ĳ¥֮УһӰ¶Ʒһס
ʱѽҹƬ۶Ҳ֮У٣ΨһЩǱĴ䡣
Ȼ˵ڵ۶Ź͢Ʒӵ𸮵ǽ̻ά˿һܸӦƷĴڡ
ԣƷڹ۶ǱԱûġ
ѵóŰ˿żٻƷҲԸʥĴûˡ
ʵڹ۶ʥʥ壬ڲʡ
֮䣬峤ͬڴ󹫾ĵλܹڹ۹вҪ׳Ҫһľά֡
ԣ֮жԼĲҵ
ʥ壬ҵΧȽǿ漰ķȽϹ㡣ϾʥŮ֮ѡǳʥ壬ʥӵźķչҵ鼰۹
ʥҪҵչԲڲҵʥͻʥĲҵҲȽرǱħг
ħΪħĺ֮ԴħʦʦСʥӴħԴħҵݵڹ۶崦
ȻľݵҵȻڹ۶
Ȼڹ۶֮УΪӵŹ͢ıӻû˸¡
ȻƷ̥֮⡣
ߣʥҾ㣬˺ܼǳģһ㲻вߣƷɫһ

ƷӯһϿ֮С
ΪӴħҵƷ㶼ҵ
ѾãƷ䵽һС֮УȥɿһĽ
⽨˵󲻴˵СҲСӦһƹݵװΣ沼õľǧŸɫСħҹʱر
ҹʱħȻҲ͹ˡ
ǣټĵ֮ǰȴȻŰλȻŽʵ
֪ħľԲô׿ɴȥġ
ټϣħǴڽֵ۵λãһЩֱӴȥĻǾԲʵġ
ãƷ𸮵Ĵڡ
ɣƷٶ𸮣С
𸮣ӵſµȫıСֻҪܹ¶һ˿϶㹻дǷ϶˽ȥ𸮵ɾά˿ú£οֻЩСС
£𸮱ƷĲٿ֮£ƯڿգС
һֱ
ϻҪӵϸС
ݵһ
һ޷ĥĹۣǳһ𸮣ѳɹͻЩߣǴ֮С
ȻƷԦ𸮣֪˴֮С
һ̣ƷֳΡǰһյĴΪǰύڴоԲ̫ħչ֡
ͬʱ⴦֮УҲΪȫġ
ڣƷҪҵľħҡ
£Ʒ˫һʼħչӴľƷ񾳵ľһʥǿ߶Բ
̼䣬ƷľѸסħꡣ
ǺǣûˡƷ罫˻ϾЦ⡣
Ʒ緢֣ħβһطǸͰػλǿߡĵطûо䡣
ȻһطӦþħˡ
ƷһЦսȭͷͷϵķ˿ȾΪ˰֮ɫƷս״̬
ͨңһȣֱͨͷȵ֮ȴһסЩǿ߾ǱǼ䷿档
ȣҺɫľأѪһ
ͻȻ
˵һ죬һƬ
֮֮УȻһӨ⡣
ৣৣৣ
ɫӰ̼֮С
ħ
һ㶣պǵ֮УȻĪĵһħħƷȻ߽ͣħ
ǣħĵɿ֮ƣûκεĶ
ѵ˴ˣ
˽Ȼһ׷׳ǿ̼ħ꣬ϧȻκεټ
ô£
㵣꣬δ飬ħǴģôģȫ޷õ͡
ˣң
һͻȻ
£˱ٵһɫ֮ǰ
֮УӡһѪɫħͼӦһԵħˡǱĻħЧħȻ𣬾˵Ҳû⡣
磡⵽ô£һʵ
ߣħԲƾն֣˴ˣ˵ʵ򵥡һλ˵ֿɣĴѣ

˵ͷȥ
Ȼһĺƾ˵ЦǺǣô鷳ˡ

һһͷ˫۱㾪ֵıͻ
Լƣ˵ϱ˹ȥ
ɱ
һ˾Уɫǿ˲ȣɫâ˫кݺݵն˹ȥ
飡
һ΢졣
һУ˿ͬʱѪ⵽ǿҵء
ǿ
˾ֲѣָûʹκεĶƾһ˫ƣ赭дı㽫λǿش
ʶģǶֵ뵽һֿܣ־һʥ򼶵ǿߡ
죡Ͻ֪ͨˣһ˽Ľе
ûˣѾȫˡǾˣҲԲ֪ԣǿԾˡһӰĴӺڰ˳
˶һȻ󾪡
ǰպһλῡӣźɫһͷ۵İɫͷ֮ŵѪɫӡǡ


415 ǲ
ߣû뵽ʥǿߣȻҲ͵֮£мλ
ţ˻վųŭƷ硣
һ㣬ʵ벻ףһʥǿߣǺεȵľ磬ѵҪЩħ
ңƷӣҲʥˡ
ǺǣǾûҪ֪ˡƷһЦŲӣ˱ȥ
ߣȻǿʥɲǵģһڵĶתǿҵɫǿ⡣
ԵλǿҲʾڵĶȫͷ˳
ɱ
һ
Сȣȫγ˰Χ֮ƣϬĽâĳƷ˺ն˹
ƷȻ壬Ӧ˵ȫ˵Ĺ

мλԾЩ֮ƣֳֽһɫâƷӭͷն
ˣٵĴӵ߼л
ϣȷʵԵĿɲǼ򵥵ĵˡ
飡
һ£Ʒֻһ֣ȵסǽǿĳƳӿ˿΢΢һ¡
ʲô
֣ʥǿߣҲɵĽסԼȫһ
λҲƷչ¶һָסˣǴ˹ֱճ׼Ʒ¸ݺݵļ˹ȥ
Ʒһѳ̵ϵʱƷһ˦ӣԾŷɿ˵˹ȥ
һٶʵ̫ˣûǷӦǰһڣһǿشһ˹

ʹУ˺ݺݵ󵹷ɳףҲպһĽӡѪֱ
쵰οôƣ
һأ˫һţ֮ļٵ˳ȥֱճ֮ƣǿĴ͸Ʒؿڡ
ߣҲ湻ˣƷɫһǿһƣһ˹ȥ
һǿεֱ˹ȥ
⡭
ɫ䣬ԭĳƣǿѹ֮£̶ͬƱޱȻԭͷųĶҲ𲽷ֽ⡣
һÿƷһЦ⡣
ȻƷͻȻʧˡ
һɣʹ԰͵ǰһ壬ȴ־ĿһĮӰȴǴԼԱ˹ȥ
ˣ
һһֻӥצѾεĿסӵĲ

ǺڵĪסˡ
һ
Ʒһֱӵľǡ
ͷһᣬ˫۷ױͻ
ͨһ
Ʒ罫ӵ˵ϣʣˣݵЦǺǣǲɱǵģ˼ǶҵģҲòˣ
֣ǰǿ֡
ǣҲԲôױ˸ɱˡ
ɱ
˷һŭһųĳƷһĽâ
ȺխЩâմȿռ䣬ƷԶҲӲ
ۼЩϬĽâҪӭƷͻȻֳ𽣣ٵĻһȦǰٵĽһ硣
飡
һը֮죬ЩâȻǽ֮Уϵĵذ屻˺ѿһƬƬĩ
ĩ֮УƷɫᣬֳֳٵ˵ǰ˹ȥ
ÿ죡
׼ӽӭ
ͻȻǰһڣֻһ̣ǰȥһĹۣȻʶ㵭ʧ
ͨ
˵˵ϣ֮Уպһ̵˿ڣ˫۵ɵúܴǰһֲܿĶһ㡣
Ȼ鷳һ㣬ƷѲ˾ֳĶֻҪûħ걻٣;Բ˷֡
֮Ʒǵ֮ǰ
Լ֮Уһħ
ħ󣬵ûжǿĹħһһ㣬ֻҪǱ˵ĻʥԻв
Ʒ絹ûȥЩ
Ȼħľǲʥĺʵħ̫ƷħʹУҲرĶࡣ
ԣƷ󵨵Ĳ룬ʥħΪҵĻЩƷħӦþʥ֮С
뵽ڴˣƷյЦˣͻȻ뵽һ⡣ȻðգڵĻԱûġ
£Ʒһ𸮣һֽ𽣣Ŀסǵš
ԣƷǿƿˡ
ɣƷ簵ڵעС
ˣ
𽣸ܵǾΥ˷ܵĲ
ߣƣ
Ʒһȫնš
䣡
һ죬ȫܲסƷһϵħҫһѪɫâűըΪ˷顣

һһɾˡ
£Щֱײų˽ȥ
쵰˭ô󵨣һʥĲҵ
ʥ֮УĦﲪȻŭ
˵һЩǿߣֱħеķ˹ȥ
Ƿ֮ʱƷѳ֮ڣȻֱʹ𸮣뿴һж˽ȥ
ٺ٣ˡ
ƷһЦƶռ֮С
ವһ
һС𸮣ȻЩǰ˹ȥ
⡭
ЩߵУȴǾķ֣֮УȻɵʬˣΧһƬǽ壬Ƿһҵ˺
ˣ
˴󾪣ǿһֱص⣬û뵽淢ôĶȴһ㶯ûС
ѵǸ飿
ɣʶ˲ԣЩ֮ȥ
ȵľͷѻȥˣټĴңյһëʣ̫ˣȫչˡ
ˣ
ЩһңħʧأħˣζŽܵĳͷɾҪˡ
ѣ
һŭ׼Ŷħչȫλ
ѻʲô𣿡
һ𣬽ĦȼλǿѾֵ֮С
塭峤Щ
Ħһŷŭڼĳ鶯ţû뵽ڹ۶֮УȻ˸ҶʥĲҵ֡ɺ޵ľǣ˭֪
ЩŻкãĦŭһһȭЩճ˹ȥ
峤
Щֵĺһǿ֮£׷׵
һȺĦڵŭûеõй
峤᲻ʥˣһ˵
ܣλµĽ֣ûǸ͡ĦһԺȴǲ뵽һˣڣǼһǲá


416 ˫ħ
ҹգĦڴħһЩ֮ʱʥϿ֮УһӰ䣬Ʈһݶ֮УסϵϢ
ûƷɡ
ǺǣĦϼһӦ˰ɡƷһЦߵҿɲŹôõһλˡ
̼䣬Ʒǿľ糱ˮһ㣬˲ϯʥ塣еһУ۵ףûӵùƷķۡ
ʱʥлû֪۶еĲҵѾ⵽Щƻʥ尲ģȻɭϣĴʵء
Ʒľ֮£ǽĦʥҲȫƷļӡ
ϧƷľѲѾãȻѰرĵط
ӦûġƷ簵ɻ룬ЩƷħӦöʥУϾʥ岻ܽĲҵȫ¶ȥ
ڣʱɲǺܶ࣬Ʒ粻ֽʥɨ˹ȥ
ϧƷ绹ûзرĵط
ܵģѵˣƷ粻˳˼֮У⵽׻أǷҵصĻϸͲ㡣
ѵһ©ʲôط𣿡Ʒһ㶣ͻȻԺһϲˣˣ
֪Ʒ絽뵽ʲôȻ䣬Ʒ羹Ǵݶ֮ӯأһ˵Ľߣתڵ֮ħ
ûƷľѾѱʥ壬һطȴûǾǵص档ȻеҲпܵϰߣȻҲܽصеĿԸų
£ƷĬһ򵥵µһɫơ
Ȼ䣬Ʒ˫֮Уԭ澹Ȼ˹ı仯Ʒ˫Ϊģ潥γһɳС
ģƷӱ㱻һɳи˽ȥ
ֱƷȫɳиûʱ̼ɳָֻԭ״̬
ò˵Ʒħȷʵܿ£ѾȫָԭģѲ
ǣƷȥãһλֵ߱Ʒԭŵĵطɻ󣺡ղǹħϢﴫģѵҷͿ𣿡
ϸĴ˼ǿľĴɨ˼飬ȷʵûر⡣
Ȼ֮ǰƷڽ˵ص֮С
ʱƷ粻ϵĲٿΧӴԪأЩǱˮһᣬƷӾǹڵصţ衣
͵ģƷ˫һǿľӦŵصеĶ
ȻƷ羪ȵķ֣Լľһ赲סˡ
ûˣӦнƼħĴˡ
ȻȻħǳڵص֮У㲻ʥħ⣬ƷҲұ֤ǾʥҪһطʲôƷ綼׷Ź
²˳٣Ʒһܱߵ֮Ԫأٵǽħֱ˹ȥ
תۣŹãƷ䵽һط
û뵽ȻһǽǽϺպջӡһħ
ûˡƷȴĬˣǽħƷ绹ûİջơǷǿػҲһδ֪
ߣû뵽ʥ廹ôһ֡Ʒ簵һӴľǵħС
ȻܹƽħĻǽûʲô谭ˡ
֪ħ󣬶ڡ㸴ӷ࣬ħУ˽ħĻѷ㡣
ңƷӵһ󷨻ټǱ̬İ񾳾ֻҪ񼶱ħƷҪѰǲرѡ
뵽ڴˣƷǿľʼչо
ôƷһ㶣ȵķ֣ħȻֻǺܳһħѣ㶼ܻˡ
⣿
⣡
ʥΨһһңôܲôħأ
뵽ڴˣƷɫٶħУʼоϸо
ֱ˺ûʱ䣬ƷͻȻ¶һӣÿµħ󣡡
û뵽ħȻǹħ󣬶ǻ˫ħ
Ҳ˵ħоȻкħ󣬾Ȼкħ󣬴ϿɼһħȻֻΪԻ˵ģǱصħ˿¡ΪȥħĻܿ±⵽ħͬӱħĹ
ħʵ̫ˣ
աƷ뵽ⶼ£֮ǰûô嶯ȻҪħгϴˡ
ȻǱƷʶˣǾˡ
ʵħ˵ҪҲѣֱӻ㡣
㣬Ҳħĺ㣬ֻҪҵ⴦㣬ֱӻơ
ɣƷ˫һǿľһһ㣬ֱħУж˵һħڶħӵ㡣

Ʒ˫һɣǿľһεһħıƷˡ
ţƷָǿҧѪҺһһѪƷľ֮£ħС
һĻˣֻһѪ飬ڵħеʱѪǻΪѪйɵȾǽ֮С
ģһ۵Ѫɫħǽб¶˳㣬·ɼ
ˣ
ƷЦ⣬һѾĳɹˡ
ǵڶˣǾǻǽ
裬ƷĿ粻ܵӰ죬Ǳ˲ҲκβƷ硣
ڣؼǽ棬׻ǱΣգ˵ֵƷսĶ֣
û취ˣʱˣֻˡƷвֳ𸮣һֽ𽣡ʵû취ĻƷɴͺĽĶս档
뵽ڴˣƷȫ飬תڵ֮ħڵصеλһĿռ䡣
ţƷڵǿĹעУĿ궨ǽϵǵħ㡣
ɣƷľǺ
δ֪ǻ˾Щ־塣
͵ģƷֱӽƯͷϿ֮С
Ȼڲǽ֮ڻΣմʹĻбϵġ
ɣƷǿľٿ֮£еĽ֮˳һڱеĿӿ
ȥ
Ʒһһӣ׼ħ㣬ǿϮ˹ȥ
һ
ص͵һֱӱ𽣴ݻˣ̲ǿĽ֮£ǽֱӱƿһ޶һĿĲɫâֱӴǶ˳
ǡ
ƷɫһȫסˣǿҵĲɫâ֮УƷĸоһӴޱȵħϢ
ಣ
𽣹ɰĻصƷУǽƺûиӦнΪΣյϢ
ãƷĲȷģطʥħˡ
뵽ڴˣƷһЦȻƷ粢ϡЩħʥһʵĻԸʥһصĴˣ


417 
ֵúúչһˡƷһЦƿĶڣ𽣣ƿ˽ȥ
һ߽ȥƷԡǿҵĲɫâ֮УгŨԪϢ
⡭
Ʒ羪ˡ
ǰһ޴Ĵصң֮
棬һһ㣬ľӣÿһ㶼һµĺӣ沢ڸס¶һſǱʯһ㷢ħ
ħΪħڵħĺԴ壬̺ǿ㹻סеԪء
棬ٶǧŵħϵħƷһЩסĺӣͬǱľ£ȻܹرĻǺװŵһʥ
ǿʥƷԸƳʥĵľǷǳ޴ģѵ͵ôħƷҲʡˡ
񵽱ˣ
Ʒ˷ܴЦ׼𸮣ȻŹλᣬȻҪݣǾٺһ㡣
СӣҲ̫˰ɣһɳƵİͻȻ

Ʒһѭһͷ
ݵһ
һɫâ޿ĳƷϮ˹
Ʒɫ䣬֪˻Ĳ𽣿ٵЩǰ
飡
һǿҵײ֮죬âıƷһƷȴǱƵòϵȥȻײħϡ
ģɿħ׷䵹ڵء
ǿ
ƷʶһӦ
Ʒɫһָ𽣣עǰ
ʱǲʹ֮£ֳһӰֳһɭĳƷ
ߣһƷ簵һأӶչ¶ѾԶԶƷˡ
ȻҲƷûб¡
Ұ𽥵ıƷҲڿ˵Ŀ
ǣƷ翴ĿʱȴǱסˡ
һλµߣ׷Բԣͷɢ԰ɫǿݵӿĿϵĹͣһ˫ͫ׶ȫȥԿԲӣ˿ֱһһ㡣
ȷʵǺóһɫЯκһ˿СƷĸоһɭµɱڻߵϡ
ߣϷﾲʮ꣬һμ˾Ȼ˴󵨵Ĵʵ治һôᣬȻô׵ľͽ˫ħ󡣡ߵ
ʮꣿƷһʵ㵽˭
ʥ峤ĦϷĶӣ߳
ԭǼһӡƷ簵˿ʥǰеڶʮλʥǿ߽˹ϧʧʮꡣ
û뵽ԭʧȥټĽ˹Ȼ
뵽ڴˣƷɫԽأ˹źԴбչʮ꣬ʵԲеô򵥡
ʱ˹Ʒ磬üͷ塣
Ϊ˹Ȼȫ͸Ʒʵ˵ǶĻƷڸһ㶼Ӧ˵ħĻƷȴֿһСҪƿ˫ħĻҪ㹻ǿġ
˵Ʒǽ˹ΪĶ֡
˹СƷʵ˼ãʣСӣ㵽˭ΪҪʥΪУϷӦòʥˡ
ȷǡƷ絭һЦ˫۽Ž˹ܼ򵥣Ϊʥǵң˱ȽϼǳֻҪǵҵˣҾԲŹȻʥҲͬˡ
˹˵벻Ϸޱչʮ꣬ھСëͷ۸ʥͷˡʢȻǺã̫ʢĻǿǵø۵ģ
𣿡Ʒм
˹ɫһȻǱƷˣû뵽ȻԷһС

˹һֻǿһαѹƷǰ
͵ģһն϶һޱȵɫâγһǿƻߵħ˲㱻Ʒǿ͡
Ʒһû뵽⿴ͷʵǿʥڵʵˡƷ߲֮ƾ似ǿǿƽ֣Ʒûôʱ䡣
ݣ
˹һƶ
Ʒ粻ӲٵһԾ
ߣô𣿡˹ɫһ䣬ӿٵһתеĳ˳ƻӻϣһϬɫâֱƷ硣
Ʒҧ˫ٵĻе𽣣һһϮĽâݻˡ
飡
ɫâǿˣƷ⵽һɹɳ֮ƷסЩâ֮УƷҲƵ䵽ʮ֮⡣

̼䣬ʥ˶סˡ
ղǹɾʥ֮УȴûܸӦ𶯵Դ֮
ǱʥһЩʼǿߣӦ𶯵Դ֮ٸȥ
ô£ôᱻˣ
ղŴĽĦͻȻסˣоƺħܿħˡ
ͻȻĦһɫ䣺ѵˣ쵰ӾҲҪ㾾ʬΣ
ĦＸˣŭһߵ»ûзӦĦеķȥ
ʱʥĵħУһƬǽ塣
СӣԲϷֵģ־ܰɣ˹ŭƷ磬ȴǿ챻ˣ͸оƷʵҪԼ࣬Ʒǹ似ȴý˹κβá
ɣ˹𾪣ʲôʱڴ½оǳ˵õ˲š
ǺǣⲻڽЦʵڻסң־ܣͷƤ񡣡Ʒȥ̼Ž˹
˹ɫߵȷʵϷѲס㣬ϷȴܰֻҪϷûͱ뿪ˣ㣬ڿ´ҶѾϹ˰ɡԣûԻ뿪ˡ
Ϊ̫ˡƷҡͷһЦеͻȻϿһӡ
˹Ϊǹս˳ǿ֮˳ȫǿҵɫâ
޴㻹˵Լǻ˿ϰϹˡƷ߹һĨЦ͵һһգ
һ֮£˲󣬶ĿĽâ̼סħ⡣
ǡ
˹ˣδ侹رǴǹŹֵ֮У˹ĪĸоһɼΪµϢ
ţͻȻĴ˽ɫţâҫ֮£γһ޴Уӿһɿֲޱȵ֮
ʲô
˹ȫǹɿµ֮£Χ֮ǹɿµ֮˽ȥ
ռôܣ
˹ĵĿţһ𳤽ݺݵ˺һ޴ɫâ
ϧâǴãĴа㣬ʧˡ
ǺǣҲ˸㣬Ҵûаյ顣ƷһЦ𸮵ϿմֳΡ
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ʱ˹һټĿռ֮Уǰߣɫš
ŵľǣħħѾƵĿռ֮С
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ɣĦ﷢֣һǽ֮УǱһǿƿһ޶
쵰һҪɱ㣡ĦȻصħˣھԼĸ׶صʧ١
ֻ˵һ㣬ʥһܿµĶ֣ʵȫԼ֮ϡ
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ңڱ֮Ун˹ػţֻҪǿߣҪԸ˹ĻҲⲻ˻һ
ĦȴǿڱܣûйڼҵĴ򶷺ۼô޶˶˵Ķʧأ
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Сӣ֪ˣ˹һ
ղΪ˴һЩѣ˳һϢѾȫ뿪ʥˣǿԺúսһˡƷսЦ
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ɣƷ绺ĳ𽣣˫һ䣬ȫ֮ԵĳǾ˺նȥ
ݵһ
ֱӱƷһ˺˿һεĽâֱƾݺݵĳŽ˹Ϯ˹ȥ

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˹󾪣û뵽侹˿µĽĿĺߵƾһоϷδ̫Цˣ
͵ģ˹ǿҵ⣬ӭƷǿĽɨһ޴ɫ⻡
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˹ȷʵǳһеܿ£ܸܿԼ޴в
ԣ˹СӣڵĶڵһıը˿һɶĿڸסƬƶռ䡣

˹һŭֽų϶һ޴ɫâ񾢵ӭǵ
䣡
һҵײת쫷绯УƷ˹˵߽䣬ĵһƴ
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ߣһ治öԸƷ簵ЩˣʥǿȷʵЩࡣ
Ʒ绹һƣǾǱ


419 Υı
ƴƷ΢΢·硣
ƷǿĽУȻԲǽ˹Ķ֡
˹Ϊ˰ϹսʱӦϳ˵ģұʵǿƷ硣
ȻжԵȻ˹Ʒʵ˹ȴһţƷЦǺǣСӣϷ򲻵òϣʵĺǿĽҲϷ½ϧıʵǲ࣬˵ġҪһǣղǼĵٰɣ
ߣǸƻϺ꣬ˡƷ簵Ʒ籾ڵ˲١
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ȻƷһ㶼£Ʒ˵˹ֻһƷѡ
ͷȻҺͬ˵ĻѾӮⳡսƷ粻м˵
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ʵƷüͷһ塣
͵ģ˹һԭݵļ徹Ȼһ׳ʵˣһ׳һ㣬ȫǿҵ£ѽ˹Ӹڸסˡ
Ȼ֮䣬һɿµϢϮһһ쫷ѹƷ硣
ǿ˲١Ʒһη壬Խӵ˷ܡ
ڴﵽ˵߲֮󣬶ÿһСƷ綼ǷǳѵġƷ绹ûѡǿĶнԼڵǱܲϵȥпܵõµͻơ
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ƷӦֿٵĳ𽣣ڵѹעУӭŽ˹һӭȥ

ǿǿһһɿµĽΪĵϮ˿

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ߣûأ
ƷҽһŲŶеĳ˹һǿĽš
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Ȼ˵Ķǽ㹻ǿģ˴໥ţκεĳʼ޷뿪
˹ȴǾסˣԼҪǿƷ磬ƷƷ絹Ե࣬ԼȴǱóˡ
쵰ϷŪϷ򣡡
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Ʒһ÷ӦĿ죬͵ڳһֳ֣˳һƣֱһн˹ȥ
һ
һӲƷӱǿ͵һһѪ˳

Ʒ羪һУӾǵ˳ȥ䵽ʮ֮
˹һų۽ŲԶƷߣǿҲܿˣ͹ϷʵϷڿʼӵеһоҵˣ
˵꣬˹ĺ𳤽гһ⣬һɿµɱƵƬռ䶼ɭ
ƷӣȥߵѪŽ˹ݵЦǺǣ˵ˣûоԵİգǾԲôġ
ѵ㻹Ӯû𣿡˹ĵһ
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ڻŪϷ𣿡˹ʡ
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áǿ
˹ŵıͻͫףǰľû
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㡭㵽ʲô˹Ծʵ
ȷʵһһɱĹƷЦ
ߣȻǱǿˣ㻹ûжϷʱ˹ɫһݣŭȰȡˣ
͵ģ˹ǻ𳤽ɫ⣬ӵһļƺڷ״̬еƷ硣
Ʒ߹һĨЦǰһɫֱ𽣣нĳȼһѪɫĹâ
ǡ
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˹һֱӱƵǽߣݺݵײȥѪڡ
Ʒֻ֮΢΢˺˺ü׵ľѣûܵκεơ
˭ǿ˭ƺѾˡ


420 ħ״̬ϣ
СӣôͻȻǿôࣿ˹
ߣˣƷɫޱȵ˫ȭ߬صǿڲϵļš
ֱǿˣ˹ɫһݣȫԸˣ
𣡡
˹ҰһŭһǱըһȼǿҵɫâһһ˵Ϯ˿ȥ

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Сӣýˣ
˹һͬԽռ˲ӵƷǰӶųӭƷǰرննһ޴ɫۡ
Ʒ粻СӣԭõٵӿУȼǿҵĺ⣬ʾĳŽ˹һӲƴ˹ȥ
飡
ǿǿһ䣬һһǿ֮伷ռڲһǿֲ˵м䱬ը˿

Ʒ羪һţڱѪڣĵ˳ȥ
˹Цţһɱը֮ɱһƳ⣬һ㣬Ʒϳ˹ȥ
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Ʒ绹ǵ֮ǿ𶯲Ʒ粻ϵıˡ

˹һԾ־ٽٴӿٵ֮ƣȫ֮׼żƷɱȥ
Ȼһ̣ƷͻȻɫһһ
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𽣾һһ㣬ӽ˹֮У׼Ž˹ؿϮ˹ȥ
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˽˹еĽ֮УһǿƲ
ƷĲٿ𽣣ڰ֮У˹סˡ
ԸϷ𣿡˹ɫһݣȫһǿɫʼ볤֮УеǿԿҪֵסˡ
ͻȻҪ˵ʱƷͻȻһ
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𽣾ǿٵ˹Ĺ˿ڿһȦһӱصƷС
˹ɫ䣬Ʒ羪ʵСӣ⵽ʲô
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лѧ˹סˣʣߣ⽣ϷδţĽΪ죬Ӧںڰ۹ǿ߰ɣ
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Ʒһ˹ʵȷʵ򵥣Ҳǣźбչʮ꣬ʵǿˡ
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ߣˣϼһƷ簵һǱڵĿħϵļ
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ƷͻȻͷǿвһɹǿˣһ磬һɿֲϣֱ˹ϱȥ
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˹ֱֵʿˮоƷڵڲ˼ıš
ʱƷȫȥ˹ϵȥڵĿħ
ͻȻ䣬Ʒ˫ĿѪ⣬Ŀɷĳ鶯Ӳϵıþ޴
⡭
˹ˣһˣȻᷢ˹ı仯
ʱ䣬˹˾վŲˣѵĹᣬ׼ȥ֤һĵ
Ȱֱ죬ƷϵȥȫٵһƬƬѪɫƤͷ­ţһţǳҰһķ׳Ǳеıɾ޻ҪԽӵĿ¡
͵ģƷ米һ䣬ƺڳޱ֮ʹǱͻȻš
һ
žǿб˿һƬѪֻ޴״Ѫɫչ
ħȻǿħ
˹Ľкţû뵽˵½ĿħѪ֮壬Ȼ˽˹ǰ
սף
ƷͻȻһһǿҵĽҫɫսףƷϵ֮Уͷɫͷ
Ȼ֮䣬һɲڷϣѹ˳ȥ

˹ȫˣʵֲ̫ˣǹ϶֪жˡ
ͻȻƷ㶷ĹѪɫͫ䶢Ž˹ĺߵսڿԿʼˣ
ߣû뵽ħѪһ徹Ȼиûо˹Ļص
֣Ʒɫһɿµĺͷ˳ȥƬռһ˪Ϣ˾ڵһ㡣
֪ΪΣƾµϢý˹о÷һڶͷ̨еķһ㡣

Ʒ˫һ裬ԵӭŽ˹ķһ
ݵһ
һ֮£Ȼֳһ޴ѪɫâƻһգȴѾƽ˽˹ӡ

˹ɫ䣬ҧأڵĶӭѪɫâնһ
䣡
һ죬Ѫɫâڽ˹һв˾޴ıը֮У˹дѪݺݵײǽ֮УǱ䵹
Ʒ޵еսֳ־޽°
ȿȡ
˹վͷɢãؤһ㣬Ļյϡ
ɣȥߵѪ˹ţϷƴˣ
ȻΪʥ峤չʮ꣬ʵԶԶô򵥵ġ
Ʒħ״̬֮ʵѾȫ߱ʥڼʵսף˹ôǿҲ޷˺Ʒ硣
ʱ˿ȴѾĵƷסӦ˿ֻŶ롣
㵵ķ֣ûƷӰ
һֲ֪ȥˡ˿ֹһ


421 ħ״̬£
ʱ˹վ˫űƷ磬ĵûȷʵǺǿܱƵϷʹ
Ʒüͷһ塣
Ǻǣ½֮УÿһĴڣļֵΪеʥ壬ÿ峤汸ŶԼػΣҲҪػʥ壡˹صһٶȳȼޱǿҵ⡣
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ȻˣѪ֮ǷǳµģƷҲСӡ
ɣƷ簵ڵĿħڴ̼֮УŹǱص֮
ƷҲ׼ȫԸˡ
͵ģƷһһȼǿҵѪ⣬Ѫ֮УһɫǿƷš
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Ȼ䣬һӴʥâǺХһĹѹƷѪ⡣
ԭƷĿħǾħʡԣϣƷĿħȱǹ֮ѹסˡ
ʲô
Ʒɫ䣬ֳֳݺݵĳǹɰɫǿ˺նһ
ݵһ
һ޴Ѫɫб㻮ǹӴİɫâѪɫȴҲʥˡ
⡭
Ʒ羪ֵıͻ˫ۡ
Ȼâɢ˹ĴĿһ㣬ǹʥƯ
֮ﵽһĸ߶ȣ˹ͻȻͣӣ˫͵һɣ۽Ʒ磬ЦǺǣҵ˰ɣ
ߣû뵽ųƹѪ֮ˣЩħҪҪӵаеҵǶħƷ
Сӣ㾹ߣģһּ⣬㣡˹ĻӳָƷ硣
𣿡Ʒмĺ𽣡
£ν˵ڹħսƷΪħΪħ壬˹Ѫ񣬻ʹΪʹ塣
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䣡
ֳֳײһĿԡ
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͵ģ˹ͻȻ̧Ʒ磬ЦֻϷɲˣ
̼䣬ڽ˹ڣӿһɿֲѾڶˣʹרеڸԪصĹ
Ʒɫ䣬о˽˹ӿһɼΪµƷҲǲʾķͷųڵĿħ֮ѹʱ׼һĹ
䣡
һ죬˹ڵһĹעڳ֮У嫵Ĺ֮Խӿ˲һɾˣ֮ѹƷ硣

ƷʧһУԲУǿİɫ֮У˳ȥ
úȥĥɣ˹ֱ
Ʒɫһ䣬Ӿײǽеʱ͵һת˫ǽ֮У͵һѹȻɿһĳŽ˹ȥ
֮УƷе֮һӵڽڿħ֮Уת
ʽ죡
һϵ羪װһ麬ŽɫѪɫƷֳֽУźƴƣɱ˽˹

˹һ˵ѾϰƷＶĴڣرľˡ
˻˹Ȼ壬һââиǼкŵĽ⣬ֱǳϮ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬û뵽ǳǽ֮оôɻһǳ㻯Ĺ㡣
Ʒһɫֻҧأųӭʮͽâкն˹ȥ
һ
âˣƷȴǵ˳ȥս׻Ʒ绹ǱѪڡ
âɢȥ¶˽˹Ӱ䶢ƷЦСӣڸе˰ɡ
ߣڣƷ֮ԱǣҲòϣʵȷʵ࣬ϲĶ֡ǣԾѪȡǿǶ˺Ǿ޴ģʱų˶ãҵʵս׵ĻϵѪʱ֮㻹ǵġ
ߣϷͻ̵ʱɱ㣡
˹ɫһһ󲽣գ۱ӵƷǰ
ݵһ
˹ɨųƷ硣
Ʒһ˿մǽ֮С˹ȴǷһǽںỮ˹ȥ϶һ޴ĹУֱƷȥ
Ʒɫ䣬û뵽˹Ĺƾ֮ͣٶȾ֮죬ֻ˫Ǿ޴е˹ȥ
䣡
һ棬Ʒ㱻ǾиƵòϵıźˣֱƷѹ˽ߣǳһļסƷ硣
ڣղ뷨ǶԵ𣿡
˹ݵƷӣͳһȭͷȭгǿһ
Ľ
Ʒ֣ͻ˫ֱһֻ޴ȭͷ
Լ̫ˣƷԶԶ͹˽˹ʵ͹˽˹ֶΡ
ܣҾԲˣƷпһ
͵ģǱƷڵԶѪͻȻˡ
䣡
һ죬ƷǺ˵һıը˳һֲѪɫǿ⡣
ʲô
˹һɫ䣬ȭͷûȥ㱻ǹɿֲƷ˳ȥ
ʱƷǾ޴ԡѪɫǿ֮Уһɿµа֮ͷ˳ƷʹĿУھҵĳ鴤
ӹһĻˡ
ʱƷϵƤϵ䣬޴ҲڻСϵҲڲϵļȴ¡ƺҪжҪƳˡ
ûˣǽбħ״̬ǰࡣ


422 µ
⡭ôܣ
˹һߣޱ𾪵Ʒ硣
ΪƷڵǹаڷ
һĹ
ǿħӵޱԼƷҪԽʽˡ
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ݣݣ
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Ʒ͵˫һɨһ̼һǿѪɫˡ
ǣâһѪɫˣ㱻ͨͨ˻ҽǿֲѪɫȴȻŽ˹ֱ˹
˹ɫ䣬ὣǰڵٶȱ
䣡
һ˵ıը˹ȫһֽųˣݺݵײǼӲĿռǽ֮С
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չȥһѪɫϯ𣬻Ʒζš
Ѫɫ֮УƷȫУӲϵСƤҲѾˣƷȴԵޱȵʹࡣ
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ƷһӿһɿֲˣƶռĲ
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һλɫսӣѪɫͫףͷϹѪɫӡǡޱȵŮӶʼɣǱ¶ССǸԵ쳣ȣԴ߳һԳļµľǣӵ֮ǳԾ޴ĺɫ״
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ȻƷû֮ǰʱĳª˹ȴǿĸоһα֮Ʒ֮ǰǳªĹﻹҪǿʮ
񣿣
˹ƷɢϢоһԶԶԽԼԼе־
ⲻ֪ƷӲʲô˹ȴǲ֪Ʒ˿ڳĪʹࡣ
ħ״̬ĸ𣿡Ʒ簵һǿȫȴǳĪʹ࣬Ʒǿ綼˹ˡ
Ʒʵûдﵽħ״̬ҳʱҲܾá
뵽ڴˣƷĺ𽣣ȫѪɫʢţľ޴չҪڸס˴ռ䡣
ҲõʲôֻҪңҲ߱Ʒϵװľ
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˹Ŀ˵Ϊ˹ҪˣѪ֮˹ͱ˱ľģƷǱжǿ˹ȥη壬ǶԸƷ磬˹ҲԲ׵Ʒù
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˹ĺߵһ𳤽ڵӿڽУǻһ㣬鶯ǿֱƷȥ
ݵһ
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͵ģƷŭĿһɣһʽ󴨣
֮£ƷͻȻһֱ˽ƽ棬ȴ̺һɿֲƽ֮ͽȻֳһ޴ͷ˽˹һ
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һ
һ𶯿˹ݾ֣ĸӦеĳһɿµǿ롣
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һ죬˹еĳǲһ˿Ϊ˾һ㣬һƬһƬ˿С
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ʥǿʥ¶ӵеҲûô׵ľͿɽʥڷأ
ȷʵʽ󴨣пƽ棬ȫһ㣬壬ǣ˹еĳһӲĽסƷһеĽ
ԣȻ˹ĽǱˣȴ˽˹һ
Ȼֻ˶ݵѡ
һ̣ƷһĹֿʼ׼ţ趯Ĺ켣⻷ſµƬռȫѪ֣ĩһĻϢ
˹Ѫϵİ׹⿪ʼðɫѪ͵Ҳǲϵʧţ˹ڵԽԽ
ʱ䲻ˣСӵ
˹ɫ¶˱ľġ
Ȼ䣬˹һдѪڿգ˫ֿٵĽһͼѪٶȻѣǿӿڽ˹ڡ
û˹׼ˣȻʹڵоѪѪȡǿ
СӣɣϷҲҪ汳˹ЦһӴӣӾһ޴塣
ƷȻ壬һ㣬趯Ľˡ

˹ıһһ㣬ֱƷȥ֮У˹ڵıǣһŷڵһһɿµıը
Ʒ粻Ųæе𽣣ӻһųƹһʽ轥½
ʽȻǽʽû뵽Ʒ羹ʩʽ
ڵʽ˵һȫɽǾǿԱʽÿԶԸ׼ԱеĽ˹
𣡡
һ֮ƷϷɾһѪɫ˸ŽɫߣڳеĽ˹

˹˫ƻ˹ȥ
ϧѪɫȻ˽ƻ˫ƻûȫǳǳ˽˹ӡ
쵰˹һû뵽ǳסˡ
͵ģ˹˫ƣ׼Żǳ
ⲻ֪ǳ֮Уͷųһǿļѹġ

˹һʹУƺǹɾѹˣǳŽ˹ӣϵ׹䣬˹ԭҪȻǿѹסˡ

˹ʵ˻һ
ˣ
һǶħӰѳֵ˽˹
ݣ
һֻһ
ռ䣬綨һǳǴ˽˹ӡ
žһ
ǳɢΪĹ㣬Ĺ֮Уֻ˽˹һֵףǲͻ
ͨһ
˹˵ϡ
ţƷҲ䵹ڵأĻָ˱ģȹأصĿڴŴ
ħ״̬Ĵʵ̫ˣƷڵϣ˲ˣҪЩָܻˡ


423 һ
峿
ʥ֮У֪ǺԭԵüΪļž
ǣȴ֪зش¼
ңʥڵ۶еħҵȻһҹ֮䱻ɨˣЩ֪ıɱˡ
ȻϢ۶ӴħͻȻţǾ˼ˡ
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峤
ͻȻһ
Ȼ󣬱㿴һλɫ塣
ȻһӰ˹ӭһơ
žһ
ûȫӦ㱻˸һȵڵء
һʹҽеģ𣿡һ˵λߣʥܹܡ
ܡܹܴˣſСоʬ塣Żص
ʬ壿һ㶣ȥ֪ͨ峤
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ĸв첽ķȥ
ŲãɼдһȺˣ֮
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˹ǲѾʧʮôͻȻʥţŵֻһʬ壿
˹ҲȷʵЩǱͷɢؿƿһѪĿĵڽ˹֮ǰ⵽һֿµĴɱ
ţĦ˼һԱ˹
ʱĦһſɵǾʬ壬͵һͨһĹף˭˭
ף
˼Ҳˣ˵˼Ǵ˵еүүȻûʲô̫ӡ
ǣȴǸеǳʹķ׷׹ڵء
Ȼ֮䣬һĳš
ʹȻʹʥĻǷŭ
˵ħ˹ɱԲɺϣͬһˡܹɱһɱ˹ˣ۶˹͢Ѿû˭ˡ
Ȼ͢ûҪȥԸʥ壬ʥҪԸʥ壬ҲԶԶû
ΨУ
ɣڽĦ֮УȴǺݺݵĲ뵽һܣ˭ҷģɱƲΪˣ

ʱɫԵЩ㲵Ʒ磬ĵĻصʥ塣
ҿˣƷһɡ
֨һ
Ʒ룬һϤӰȴһŵȴƷ硣
СС㣬㡭ô⣿Ʒһ㵡
û˱ǰ˿
˿ŭ˫۽ƷʵС磬һֱɣ
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ĵʦ˰ɣ˿ͻȻðôһ䡣
Ʒһ㶣Թһת˳ЦǰСôµģ
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лġƷܰЦЦֵˣС㣬ҽˣһ˺úϢһ¡
ȷʵԽƷڵĹˣҲĲء
ⲻ֪ǰ˿ûô˾ôŹƷ磬һµվӣֱߵƷǰץס֣С˵Уѵ÷ż٣ҳȥ֡
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Ʒеһ컨׹찡ŹҰɣ
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ֱһ磬Ҫ۶ˣƷǹ˴С
С㣬ⶫѾˣǻصѧԺҲûҪô˰ɣƷɥ˵
𣿻طûء˿ֲɼ
ͻȻƷƺ뵽ʲôЦǺǣС㣬ȥħɡ
ħꣿʲôùģ˿ʵ
ΪС
ˣǼһ߰ɡ
ллС㡣
ƷһмȴЦˡ
㻨˴ʱͷʱ䣬˵۶Ϊħ꣬ʥĲҵ
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һǰ˿׷׻ֵ̿ÿڵ۶еĻⰬ˿Ǽġ
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һǰ˿һǲ𰡣ϹϾЦԭ˿С㰡Ͳ˼ˣ˵С飬⼸ʱ
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ŵһ亹Լֻһܵѣǲ˿𰡣ħǷǳĿһħò
СС㣬峤رԸˣΪСˡӿ
˿һƷȴ̽ߣϸС㣬ҿħû˰ɣʥҪӡ˶٣Ʒֵˣǵϴβɭ֮£ÿԴһʥʢҲ˳ڶ
˿˫һӣʵҿʥ岻Ʋ˰ɣ
˵Ǻ죬һɫʥӵŴ½ΪӴħҵôûأ
ޣ˿ЦãȥЩħôҲã⵹ûɡ
⡭
Ӵסˡ
ǰǿɶϹ˿ˣô˵ž͹أһλӸŽкȡ
Ȼһ壬ȻΧЩҲԸˣֺ
棬һӱ˵ķڣ·˶Χˡ
ӿǰĻ˶εȥˣȫֱð亹ھһ춼Ӧˡ
˿ԽǼѰӣִҿòˣ㻹˵Ǵ½һħҵأħŪʧ
ôòӼˡ
ó
ǰó
ó

һεķڣħĽֵȺ
һӣ˵õĻȷʵóħЩħԼģҶǵͽħ˼ô˵óأ
Ʒ紦Ⱥ֮УһЦߣҵˣҲشۣһɨأ


424 α
ʲôħַˣ
ʥУĦﲪȻŭ
û뵽̶̲ʱ䣬ʥн˾޴䡣
˷ŭǣ峤˹ʬδδлᣬһѵ鷳ֽĦﶼˡ
˵ʲô£Ħŭʡ
УˣֻܹǳĬվһԡ
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峤ǵħԴʱ޷͹ȥĻʥܹܲ˵ȥˡ
ߣԲܻ٣ħҵʥ֪ͨȥħԻУħ۸룡ĦΪĦҲüѪˡ
峤ʱʵ̫ˡܹһɫ
Щֹȥӿħ͡峤ţҲ뿪ʵڲеĻ̻ɡĦ˵ţϵĳʹ֮ɫԶ׼
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ܹһ񣬵ȥ
ҲȥɣĦ
Ǽλ򵹵һ⻰ظֵ̿ȥ
Ħﱳ˫ȭ߬۳죬ݺݵ˵ףİɣĳҾԻᱨģ

ʱ˿Ʒȴǻصʥ塣
һţ˿㿪ЦС磬ʵ̫ˣû뵽Ҳó
ٺ٣ʥеȥͷˡƷհЦЦ
ߣǳڶ˿Ĺĵ˵
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ʵҶѾ֪ˡҲò㣬Ļֻ֮ĶԹҪıƼʥ壬ûʲôôɫ
֪ˡ˿΢΢ͷ˵ϴڲɭ֮£˿ͻȻסˡ
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һ£˵ûѡ񣬶ΪңҲûѡ񡣡
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ǺǣҲǡ÷ЦЦȴ뵽һ㣬ֻ÷˲˵ѡ
ȷʵĦһֻΪıȡʥ棬ǶڶŮ鳤֮£ȻǱȲ÷ˡ÷ѷ֣һ߰İ˿ѾƷжˡ

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һսƷ粻Ĺ⣬⵽˷ɡ
ħ״̬ƷʵɱܵĸþǾ޶ġ
ǵȺúʵˡƷ̾һı˫ۣʼϢ
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㣬ϰٸתƷֹͣڵҲָˡ
벻ľǣȻôˡ
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£Ʒֳ𸮣˽롣
һ̣Ʒƶռ֮С
ΪƷѾᵽħѾƶռСһѶӴսƷƷʱЦݡ
Ȼ˵Ʒ粢ЩħЩħȥ֮ʥɾʧˡ
ЩһѶѵħƷµ⡣
ٺ٣һ°ɡƷһЦ
漴Ʒߵռ֮С
ռ䣬صĹܼ࣬ԭԣԸıһ̬ԡҲһ԰ٱ򻯵ߵα졣
ɣƷһħ˫ۣǿľУϤħԭӽṹҪЩĻûǿľ޷ɡ
Ʒİ񾳾͸ħڵĹѾȫû⡣ĸеħ̺Ԫӣһ˵ԭʱԵõ
ϣƷ翪ʼڳƣͨռƷ翪ʼ¹µԪϡ
ʱƷһʦһ㣬ҫ˵ĺ⣬мѹ飬һܡ
ûҪ齨һͬħԡ
ѶȼߣƷһʹõĻЩ衣ƷӵżõľƣһɹƷڳˡ
ˣ
Ʒ˫ۣԼħһŻϵ׼ħӨ̺ħȫû
ڣֻҪƷľά֣ħԲ⡣ȻħϾαģǲħʹá
ߣʥ壡»ûأƷݺݵħɫ


425 
ʲôĽħҪʮң
ʥУĦǰӶƷˡ
峤ȷʵǧȷ̻һãܹܲвΡΡվڲԶŵһ亹
ߣð̻ᣬǿݣȻʥѵʱû٣Ħ˵ɱ
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ĽħòҪϵħſʥĦص
⡭ܹܳˡ
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ˡ
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Ħһŭ̻ỹʲôȻ۸ʥͷˣ
峤ǡڿ죿ܹļˡ
ô죿ˣȻʥˣĦ
峤ⲻǿˡܹһʡ
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Ϸȥ죬ħǱƺѾŲȥˡܹܻص
ȥɡĦﵭĻصɫһӱ˵㲣ת
峤
ŽĦǹ°įıӰܹĪһᡣ
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ͻȻһһλɫŵٱ
峤
嵽˽Ħ鷿֮ſڣȹء
ţ
һ㶣Ħתüɫ塣
ɾûϢѲַʲô
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ֱӱƿĦŭһץʵ˵ʲô£ҲĻͿԴʧˣ
ŵƨòŻعŻص塭峤⡭и˵һҪҪ
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ССҲ֪˵԰ʥ塭
ţĦһϢɲж֪
峤ҿǼһ˵ɡܹѾվ˽Ħ
Ħ˼˻һֽ˦ڵأȥǸ˸뵽
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ŵһ亹ǸմŹﴳһ㣬תȱܡ
峤˻˭ܹɻʡ
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ţ
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˵ĸоر𲻺ãһ߰ӣȫŽĦĴڣĹŲӣֱ˴
ŵһ亹һ嵽˴֮У˵峤Ѿ
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ʱ˽˴һһõĽĦһЦǵ۶жĦ峤ɣܼСҡ
С𣿡
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˭ڵ۶лû˭ҲʶɡĦﲻõʡ
ǺǣСͿˡ΢΢һЦ
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ߣһ￴򵥡ĦﰵһʣǺã㣬Ŀĵʲô
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ңЦʥһ壬ȻҪëͷСӰæ𣿶ʥҵҪʲô𣿡ĦĻص
ҪΪʥȱٵħңҪġƷƽĻص
ħĦһ㶣ʱˣɶˣʣߣô㣿
ҪĶһΣ峤С˵ö𣿡Ʒ˫ŽĦһЦ⡣
Ǻǣܻ飬ͷ˿ɾͲˡĦһЦʣħ飬֪˲࣬ǴõϢ޷һĽͣҿܻΪ˷ֹй¶ɿ㣡
ԣĦвƷˡ
Ʒ粢ףЦǺǣ峤̻ܸ֪ɣ
ѵ̻ˣĦ˫
û
㸸ǣ
޷档
ΪʲôҪʥ壿
һ£ĦסƷˡ
ƷӦ֮ߣ峤ܵλõ˶ʲô壬Ǹ˵ÿһ˶ôҳϵģ峤ӦС˼ɣ
Ħһʣ˼̻ʥ𣿡
ҸҲǴôһ˼ɣھͿ峤ĳˡƷЦˡ
ߣƾǻ˵ڶһŶ˽⣬̸ʲôʥ嵹иСΣ漰˽Ĳҵչܸ㹻ħʥԺǲŻиһĺ
Ǻǣ⵹򵥡
ƷЦһЦһ˦֣ڴƾձ߸ɫӡ
ռָ
Ħһڴ½֮Упռָ˿ɲ࣬ӵпռָһ㶼ݸ߹ʵǿˡ
ɼǰЩ̻ˣݾԶԶûôˡ
ѵ̻ڧ
⡭Ħ˫۶Щӡ
涼峤ҪġƷЦЦ

ĦԽӵ𾪣ɻǼ˹ȥ
ܹȴһֱƷ磬ܸоİ꼫Ϊ죬֣һʱ˵


426 ƭ
ʱĦߵǼ֮ǰһ˼ӣɵĳ˼ۡ
İɣɶǻʵħ峤һġƷĨЦЦ
𣿡ĦﵭӦһһķһӡ
ʱ䣬һ۵Ĺâҫһſűʯ貵ħ¶˽Ħ˫֮С
ħĶħҿɶƷħ
ԭƽĻڽĦ˵Ψʥ㹻󡣵ƣĦͻȻôħԵΪļ
ɣĦеһħϸ˼ۣһӤĸţоħȷʵǳһǿħ
Ȼ󣬽Ħ̲סӣһǿ˲ź嫵ħеԪҲǱΪԾ
߽ħ
Ħּˣû뵽ﻹװ߽׼ħ
ˣѾ㹻ˣ
Щħ㹻ħԴˡ
̫ˣ峤Щħģܹɫǰ
ǰʥϣˣĦϲЦ
ȻĦʶԼЩʧ̬ˣ㽫ЩӸסתƷ磬ڳһƽӣʵ룬Щħʥչɣ
Ȼ̻þ⡣ƷȻЦֻʱ̻ˡ
ޣЩħļ۸񣿡Ħüͷһ壬ǰһҲû׬һʵĻؽĦҲᵱˡ
Ǻǣ峤ģ۸ǿǷǳġƷЦҵм۵һΣ
һ룿
Ħ˫һȻ˵м˵Ļħļ۸񶼱Ƚϸߡȥһļ۸ⲻܴ׬һء
ȿȡĦ鿪ʼЩˣ˵Ҷ̻˽⣬ϵ̻һ㶼ԼԿǰһļ۸̻ҪһˣҲ벻ʥɡ
Ǻǣ˵ǽгһʵֹӮӯĺƷһջӣֵһεĻֻҺʹҵļҸʾһҳϺ峤׵ġ
ţʱĻļҸ̸Ժĺһ˳ġĦհЦ
ʱ϶еģ峤ĲҵֹۣЩħÿ԰峤æˡƷЦħʮţ߽ħһٿţ㹻˰ɣҲǱʾĳ⡣
Ǿ̫лˣεĺܳɹĦЦһˡ
Ǻǣһ¾ˣЩħ峤ҪߵĻҪ
˼
Ħһ̰ЦЦ漴ӻóһϾݹƷ磬Ц⿨湲ǧңĻԡ
ˣǵĵһκҼҸġƷЦеĽӹϾ
ǺǣǰǰԺĻỹкܶءĦֺðЦû峤硣
Ǿȸˣ´һҼҸһ峤ġƷ繰Ц
㾡ܷģʥһúдǵģĦЦĶƷֵһ㡣
ƷٶһŲӣ뿪˴
Ʒߺ󲻾ãܹܱߵ˽ĦǰԶȥƷ磬˵峤һϷܸое㲻̫Ծ
ţҲìܣħⱻһݲˣʥôıˡ̻ңҪʥĻܸоûô򵥡ѵֻһɺ𣿻һıĦһ˼ӡ
һ츳ϷоǼһдħʦʵ᲻ǿйأܹʡ
ߣȻԿ͸˵ʵǾ;ԲˣĦصǵڹѧԺԼĶǸū;ʱ򣬽Ħ濴͸ū͵ʵղǸȴǲһ
ңУԺԵĿһ̰һҰģֻҪ㣬޷Ϊǿߡ
ȻǿҲĿˣȻ߼䲻ϵһ
ȻĦ֪Ʒſ䱩¶ϢŽĦҪѪˡ
峤˼Сˣܹ̽԰ʵ
Ȼǣһ̻ˣԲֻкô򵥡ĦɫֵʥȽҪȥħ¿ҵȰЩħ͵ħǱȥ
ţϷȥ졣ܹܹӦ
ˣЩȥͿˣһһҪҪ㡣Ħ˵
峤ܷԸܹһҳϰӡ
ߣ֪ղǼһݡ㸺ɼ֣ǼһǼһﵽ׵ĻȥǧҪţԲҪǼһ֡һ㣬Ǽһﲻ̫ԾĻͰĦɫ˵
ãһо峤˼ܹһ
ߺ󣬽Ħɫݵ߬ȭͷҿʥɣҲ˭һʥ۷ʱ򣡡

ʱƷѾŲӣһӣյߵ˴֮ϡ
ߣĦҲ˶ѡƷ簵һ
ɣƷŵķ˹ȥ
ãĻͨıǲķĻҪ׵Ķ࣬һβͬƷǹҪȥ
һУƺƷ֮УĦԲô׵ԼƷ㣬ҲƷı⡣
֮ǰЩħȷʵƷα죬ʱҲά̫áһεĻĿԳصĴһʥˡ
㣡
ôȥˣ
ȱô࣬˾ǣ

ܼȺ֮УͻȻð˼Ӱƽ˵װΣǵʵǽǳô򵥡
ˡƷѾߵſˣһЦ
Щ˵ĸ٣ȻѱƷ緢ˡ
ߣٺúһѡƷɫ䣬ֱ߳˳š
ЩˣƷȥãҲ͵͵ĻȺ֮У˹ȥ
ֱŵʱƷƺûзٵһ㣬ȻǰС
Ǹˣȴע֮£ʧˣƷϵϢѱסˡ
̼ͬ䣬Ʒ뿪۶еʱ򣬽ĦҴææ˽չħܵħꡣ
ħＷôĹ˿ͣԽȥĻʥĲҵԽӲЩħʥҵľݡ
Ǿ


427 
ԼĪʱͷƷ绹߻˲ɭ֡
ɭ֣ܰһƬЩħ޵
ЩٵҲƷľٶǳŹ֣˵̻ˣôܵɭȥˣ
Ȼĳе֮СһСԽԽߣֱﵽһ˸ߴСȻֹ䡣
ţһĮӰн˳
λӣֳɱʬľվޱĿǰ
ʱλӵǰ֮ԭ͹ƽĵ澹γһС֮Уһλߴӡ
û߱ʥܹܡ
ܹܣ
˹һ
šܹ΢΢ͷĿһƷȥķһ֣ȥǼһˣ
ǣ
Ӧһ৵һ¿ٵĴܼܽĴС
֣һﵽʲôܹСֹţѵǷϷˣӦòܵģǼһֻдħʦʵôˣûӦǼһľ񲨶Ӧûû֡СӲ̻ѵΣ
ܹܳ˼˻δƷˡһ±˵ص֮Уʩ֮ӰٵƷ硣
ʱƷУٵˣǰȥ
ȻһһͷǴзɴ˳
𣡡
û뵽һͷ׺ħޣĽħ޼ħǡ
ţôôһƷüͷһ壬ͣ˲ӣעǼħǡ
ħǣΪԵħ伶ħޣײб塣
ߣҵ·
Ʒɫһа˳һš
ǼħǸоƷɢɱ̧ǰ֫أſ޿ڣһķ
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ħǼ˻δɣ֫һţ޴ԾƷС͵˹ȥ
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ǼħǲĵıһУƷǰ˵ϣ߿Ѫ
ÿµħ
ڰЩˣƷչֵֶθסˣû뵽һͼħͽһͷĽħ˲ɱˡ
Ʒһɫһ۵ڵϵļħǣ˫һգ˵ȻôˣǾͳɣ
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ߣѵҪҰǸ𣿡Ʒһ
˵꣬৵ü£һαĴֶ
һ£ˣȫ£ֳֳĿ⾯Ʒ磬
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ƣĻеκһ˶ԺɵĶԸƷ磬˾ֵľǣƷ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼһ˿־嶼ûУԵüΪ򶨡
һλأƷ
ţ
һڰܹܶסˣ벻Ʒ絽ôԼģ

ͻȻһЦ
һ
汻ǿըһӰǵƷɶһλ˳
ԭ㡣Ʒ絭˵ܹܣƷ羹һ㾪ȶûС
Ǻǣ˼ˣеﻹ¡ܹܼΪƷһ̲סʵү㵽ηǵģ
ڳʱͷˣҾӦö̵и¹ĸټδ̫Ϸ˰ɡƷԷ̵
˴ŭܹҲһãǹЦǺǣү֮ӦᡣΪĻ飬ʥȨҪú˽ݣԡ
õŽҾ⡣ƷյЦˡ
֪ΪΣƷһЦݵʱȫַëĸо
ү⻰ʲô˼ܹ˫۽Ʒ磬ǿ֮ħʱԶƷչ
Ǻǣңʲô˼𣿡ƷѾеȭͷ
һܸоƷľٶǳ֮Ź֡
ү¸ǻһʥ塣ܹɫ
ãҲ׼ȥƷЦˣЦôĿֲ
Ȼ֮䣬һɿµɱƷͷ˳̼ܱߵĿޱȵ
⡭
ܹܾסˣλҲסˡ
ԣɱ֮оͿɸоĵƷʵǵκһˣǻҪǿϸࡣ
ߣȻʵ㲢̻ˣܹ˹ʵСӣ㵽˭ʥ嵽кͼ
⣬˵ĻȻ˻ش㣡Ʒһ
ͻȻһ£Ʒһ󲽣˲ֵܹܵǰ
ʲô
ܹܳԾĵɴ˫ۣ÷ӦĿ죬ѾãпٵĻӳһѷȣ˲ǰ۳һӲܣʵĵǰ
Ʒ翴ȭһȭݺݵĴϡ
飡
һը֮죬ܾǶĴһȭ㱻Ʒɷ飬ǿȭһƲܹܵӭ˹ȥ

ܹʹһУֺŷȣֵĵ˳ȥΪǱײһž֮¡
ˣĿɿڴ
ߣ
ֲһħʦ𣿸ղǻǿǿúѵǰ˾ǿħ˫޵Ĺ
Ȼ䣬λӱˢˢͷųڵĶһǿҵϹεض𣬴һƬ̳̳֮УĵӰֱųİΧסƷ硣
Ʒһмȭͷһ۲ԶܹܣЦǺǣȻߣֹӵĻһ㲻ġ
ߣСδ̫˰ɣܹܻĳӣһλӣߣţܹһɱ˵Ļõҵʹͣ
ң
λӵ˫һɫҲǱޱȵݣΪңȫѾ֮⡣
Ȼ䣬λϵĶһһȼǿϢγһǿĻΧľ˾ƶ𣬿µɱǵذѹƷ硣
Ǻǣе˼ˡƷһЦԭ貵ǱѪȾһ㣬ȾѪɫԭɫķ˿ɲȻһƬףͷϵѪɫӡʾ
ǡ
˳ԾıͻͫףƷͻȻ仯ʵסˡ
û뵽仹˿µĹ


428 ŵǿ
Ƭ̣ƷѾָ˱ģῡףһɿµɱ
һսˡƷĳһ˫ȭ̰߬ǿ
£ЩǱƷͻȻľ츲صı仯סˡ
պգƷϵѾȫ˱仯оƷǰԼϰС
ڣܹʶʲôʧеɱɱ
ԣλӲžӦ˹
ɱ
ͬȫϹ⶷еĳ׼ƷϻһĽâ
ݣݣ
âȥ֮׷ױ˺ѿһѺۣıƽƷ硣
ƷȻ壬ЩâϮӵʱƷ͵Ծضնϡ
飡
һ죬ܽâըѤĹ⻪˳ƬķʯȴȫĿꡣ
棡
һ˾ͬʱճŭƷɱȥ
Ʒмһӵת˹һϬĽ⣬˫ȭ¿մһơ
Ȼ䣬˫ȭȥ֮£һεǿˣһɽĳѹ¡

ͬʱһУǿ˲ݻǵĽƣ縺ʯؿھƣȷ׷ѹڵء
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ȻƷ׼֮ʱϿ֮ȻԳһľӰ
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ʯ콵Ⱥ幥ħܹܵĿ֮£ȺѹΪ˵ħͷʱƵҲոպãÿԻƷ硣
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һ
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λӱסˣɫΧһߣһʱټ֡
ǺǣƾǵĻǶԸҵģҪǽĦǼһĻҵе㺦ءƷ֮Աǡ
ߣ̫ܹһӷȣһ𣬴һ̣
һ
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ⲻ֪֮ʱһʯ᳤ϯƷſҧ˹ȥ
Ʒһ̽ȥȵסǳ­һҳ
͵ģƷһƷ𣬽һƬʯƷһ˦־һʿĽ˦˳ȥ
飡
һƬ죬Ƭľѹˣ֮鿪ɢΪһƬʯ
ܹܼˣЩ˻ڷŭȵȺɵ춯֣
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£ͬʱշ𣬽ճЯĽƣֱƷȥ
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ܹܴһ˫趯ŷȣ׼һħĹ
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Ʒ粻ԾţһЩвţ˿˫һ裬סϵÿһ϶λ
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飡
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飡
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飡
תֵƣƷִһλӵĸ
飡
תƣƷһλӵؿڡ
ÿһƣ磬ᣬͣϣ֮塣

һʹУ˱ͬʱӰеڵء
ţƷն䣬ܹܣЦһҵϢʥչħǿɶǼٵģˣʥҪһ˰ɣ
ʲôٵģôܣֵܹܾĵɴ˫ۣѪ˿Ʒ磬ŭߣŻϷϷǿУЩħȷʵģ
𣿡ƷһЦвһŰƴСħ˸ŵľ⣬ЦʣǺǣħ𣿡
ܹһ㶣Ʒеħãߣ⵱ȻģħļʶϷɱëͷСǿˣ
ˣ̫ܲԸǿҪ۵ġƷǱ߹һĨЦ̽еħһ
ȻŵһĻ֣ħǻҳһ㣬һɢΪĩɳһ㣬Ʒ
⡭
ܹܳ׵ľˣλӶȫľסˡ
죬ʵ̫ˣ
һƷħͻȻ侹ȻΪ˻ҽαֶΣԶ½֮ˣ̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
⡭ôܣ
ܹܲſʼˣǰһĻʵ̫Խˣ״ε˵ٵģȻħǼٵģǽչЩħǼٵģ
ûǼٵģǽħ꿪ҵĻ˵Щ˿͵ʱʲôķӦأƷһЦ
ⱰСˣǸҵסܹŭһеķһʯƷ硣
УߣƷмܹͷⲨħ֮ˡ
ϧЩʯ˺Ʒ磬ҲֹƷ磬ٵЩʯ뿪ʯȦ
ɱ
λͻȻɱ˹Ѿ췢ˡ
û취Ϊʥûѡʧˣȥ³ͬȥһζע
ݣ
һϬĽ׺ĴݻЩ׹ʯŭΧնƷ硣
Ʒüͷһ壬˺˼Щȴͱ˵׷˹һϣһСʣҼлƷ·
ȷʵϵǲܿϧʵ̫ԶˣƷǵĹֶΡ
͵ģƷ˫۶ƱΪȭȭаǿ߱˳ȥ

ʹУҼлλӻδƽƷӣ㱻ǿ˸˳ȥ
һ̣Ʒϡ
ʣµλȴǾסˣҧأŭӭȥ
ˣƣһײƺͻȻסˡ
ʱԳԾĿƷѾȵĽס˵Ĺ
£ǯӰļסһλӵĳţǳڿնƷǴסǳ޷Ʒ缸򵥵Ķεסˡ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ʼգƷûʹκһֶȻɵı㽫λʼǿ߸סˣ⵽Ҫжǿʵ


429 ûڲ
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˸ƲסӵģƷָץڰлţתͷۻ˵Ƿκһ˿ĻᶼûС
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ǿһа麬Ŵﵽ˽ʼĶѵƷҪֿȭĽһ
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û뵽һеһУǳƷֱʡ
ڣܹ𣬽Ħ֮ǰ˸棬ǰū͡ǲ𰡣


430 ޷ֹ
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Ҳ˵ʥܹܵļһ㡣
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СӣϷԲóѵģܹܿһһӣǰ˲һӴӰ
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Ħ￴ĻοЦˣⳡ粨ǿԾʹ˽ˡ
ͻȻʱһλɫŵȴǴħ˳


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ߣⲻˣ𣿶ˣ
ǰö˶˵Ŀⷿôᵹأ
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Ħ˫ȭ߬Ѫ֮УͻȻһҰ
һ羪ףֵĳǿбƸѹ
Ħ˵ߣһֱʥҵǷǳֵģҲûϼģԣڴеңץЩߣһһ˵ڴϣܹ˳㣬ܿħ꽫¿ҵʱͬǰ۳ۣ
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ֻôһĻǵӰѾʧãã˺֮С

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ԣƷһůԭ˿ֻڹԼѣͷһЦǺǣ֪ˣ͹ȥɡ
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С㣬ԼȥͿˡƷЦ
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⣬פأƷĽŲŪЩ
С𣿡洫˰
ţǵġƷӦ
ɡ
õġ
Ʒ绳Щ飬ţȻ˽ȥ


432 Ժ
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ǺǣԺر𽻴ЩʦˣǻĻλȥһԺҡŰ˿ƷЦ
ȥԺң˿⣬ƷҲɻ
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ѵĸҲһЩĹ񱣿
Ʒɻ˻㳯ԺҴȥ
ˣ
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ɡ洫Ħϲϵ
Ʒ΢΢ľŶ롣
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˼ľǣһƷеʱ򣬾ȻͣסˣƷ羹ȻȵĽסǻţǻƶš
ģǻűƷлΪһƬ㣬ɢڿ֮С
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һһЦǺǣȻô׾ͽסϷħ
ѭȥǹ߲Ժڣһ׷ԲɫϵİƷǰ
ԺƷ羪
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ǺǣղſɲֻǼ򵥵һͼħû뵽Ȼô׵ƿסˡСӣϷ֮ǰǵ͹ʵĦ˫ϴһ˿ɫ
С粢ûԺеôáƷֵ̿һ
ߣһĦһƷ磬˫֣˵߰ɣȸϷȥһط
ţƷһ⡣
Ϸ߱ˡĦ΢΢һЦѾߵƷ࣬ذĿһƷ磬ķȥ
ƷǺ棬Ҳûʣֻø˹ȥ


433 ͼ¥
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ƷһƽĬĬ˼ͼװΡ
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ǿɲԱˣƷһĦ
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޽ܷЦЦɴħͼ˳ȥ
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ȻһĻˡ
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Щħ鼮עħ֮ʱЩħ鼮ݻõħħ鼮Уҷӡһʱ䡣˵Ļÿ˶ԽģҪǿħά֣ȻƬħռ޷άЩħ鼮档Ħ͵
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ǺǣϣϷûпˡĦЦˣ˶٣ֵˣϷͲȴ㿴ˣ㿴֮ٽһϷԻ֣ʱʲôĻϷԻΪڣףˡ
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͵ģƷ㾪ȵķ֣Լľħ鼮һɨȥʱһɴİϢǿԼԺ֮С
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Ʒ練ӦʱԺӿĴϢһͼһ㣬һһչƷԺ
̫ˣƷɫ
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ΪƷǰ۵飬Ʒ粻ҼһһܲһȥĶõЩ֪ʶҪһʱȥա
ԣԭиħ鼮ƷҲûȥѡ񣬶ѡȡ˹ڷ鼮
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ģƷѾȫ鼮ݸˣĻƺһħõ統УǸ磬һԪصĴ󼯺塣Ԫؾ鶼ΧƷӶζţɫԪԵ˵ĺг˴֮޵ִ
ʱ䣬ĹȥʱռĻƷѾˡ
û뵽ֻһ鼮ݣƷͻµʱ䡣
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ΪƷиܴƣǾǾ
ûﵽ˰֮ڿ͹˵ĻѾǴ񾳱Եˡ
ԣƷľ֮УȫԴһԼľռ䣬Ҳһģռ䡣
ģռ֮УƷԽ֮ģ⣬ѧҲһֽĸ磬ֻžԺĹ
ˣͬĵƷ羫µģռ֮УƷڶԸϵԪؽģ⸴ϡģԪصϣģԪصĸϹ죬ʧӰҲܴ
ʵģռ֮УƷÿһô棬һϸڡ
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һεıը֮죬ϵƷľƷѾʧһһΡ
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ƷǰΪһߣ֮УȻȻľֺģԣҲ־ǿ
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˼Ʒ羹ȻŲһ꣬ǿɲ֪Ҫˣ
ڣƺؼʱ
䣡
Ʒľһľ죬һοµŰը˿ƷӾҵĲš
ͻȻʱռƷΪģһε
͵ģƷͻȻ˫ۣ˫ĿѪĳ죬ͷǾһŭһ
Ȼ֮䣬һǿҵĲɫâ̼Ʒϱ˳
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㣬ά˽յʱ䡣
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˷ֵĻȻƷ羳δͻƣȴɼƷһ˫ӱԽ峺ˣһžӨ͸ˮһ㡣
룬һˡƷ߹һЦݡ


435 Ԫش
𣡡
Ʒţһ̧֣һи˫һżķѣپΡ
𣡡
һĻڻƿǰϯƷζš
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Ȼ䣬ԭյʱռ䣬ȻĪһԽԽǿƷ죬ͻȻɫɵĳɫƮǶѪɫӡǵĶͷһס֮У¶ƷǰŵЦݡ
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棬صĲħħʲôģǾĹ֮
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ƶ󷨣ħ󷨶ʦˮ׼ôħҪҲܶ࣬ؼʵħ˽Ͳٿ
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ãƷùȫԵħ󣬶Щǧٹֵĸ󷨣ƷҪյĻҲҪȳҪϺü
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ңҪ̤ռϵֻҪͨħȥѰšҲ鷳ֱӵķϾƷ粻߱ռϵ֮塣
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ûµģȥɡĦĻص
ǵãĦпƷʱѲƷľǳǿȻǿʲô̶ĦĦƷ粻ʲô⡣
ԭ޽ܷ˵ʲôģĦ˼ŰӣˡжƷȴǸеԽӵɻѵǵ͹ʵ
ͻȻ޽ܷƺʲôʵˣԺӦҲ˰ɣ
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֪ʵеĻѾȥˡ
ʱ䣬ʱռĻȴѾȥʱ⡣
ʱռ֮УƷħڵؿ̻һֵͼÿһͼĽ֮ڷһſŴСһħ
ħĻһҪħĿɷΪ֡һǿħΪ֧֣߾ħӲһǰ߷ݣԱȽϷ
˵ʡĻǽħˡ
ҪħĻƷӦоãһ׵ʥףƷ綼ó
ԣƷħϴﵽгɾ͵ĻԶԶȳҪ߱˺ܶơһʱռ䣬ΪƷȡʱ䣬ƷӵӴħԴħǸƿռƷӵеħ˵޾ˡ
Ӧò˰ɡƷ˿ԼѿħͼƷֱơ
Ȼѿħĵһˡ
ǾǼħħˡ
£Ʒתڵħ
ˮ
Ʒһָеһ㣬һεˮ֮ħеħ˹ȥ
𣡡
Ʒһ˻֮ħ
Ȼ󣬱硣
ħĺ㣬ͷųƷڵǿħ
ɣ
Ʒ˫һǿľÿһ֮С
Ȼ֮䣬ԭħͼÿһ֮УȻҫһǿҵĹâ
ǹâˮһ㣬ͨڸ˴˻ཻһѪһ㣬ͨÿһ
ĵ֮С
Ȼ֮䣬һɶĿĲɫâмҵĳȼγһӴĲɫڸ֮УȻֱעÿһ֮С
̼䣬ħȫǲɫâ֡
ɹˣ
ƷѹеļǿľŹħеѭÿһ㶼һһļһųһ㣬ǿ˴⣬Ǳ˴ϣ֮УԪƺѾƽ⡣
ħȷʵǿˣƷȻҴ⣬СĿħתϵħ
ʵħγɣʹΪؼԪشﵽһ໥ǣ빲ν໥ǣںԪ֮УΪܹħѾõתԶһǳҪ
ƲĻпܻԪصķɣӴԪǷɵĻǿǷǳΣյģرƷõһֽȫԵĸħ
ãƷľԶеǿħеÿһϸڶƿصĺܺãħͨҲ˳Ҳܺгϵħ֮䣬ͻ
ϾƷںԪصĻħҲҪ˳ֵöࡣ
Ȼ
ƷѾҪɹʱ
һ
ʱռ͵һӴĸϵԪؿʼ
ãƷɫ䡣
û뵽ռеĺڰԪؾȻַˡ
ȻظԪضħˣܽڰԪظˡ
ΪڰħĻƷ粢ûȥգƷ;߱˰֮塣ϧƷ粢ȥӴڰħԡ
ڣ֮ǽַĺڰԪظȥԪعܱƻĻ᲻롣
뵽ڴˣƷһתڵĹħҪԸڰԪصĻΨйԪز˵
͵ģƷǿľٿ֮£ռڵĹԪؿʼĻΪһ壬γһ͵ľˡ
ΪڰԪ˵ûʵԵŽᣬԵΪɢƷĿƿռеĹԪأһǺڰԪɨ˹ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ЩڰԪƺеη壬ˣӴĹԪؾһ籤ݣħܡ
һ̣Ʒӽħ
̶ֻ̣ǹ˽һӵʱ䣬Ʒһħڳɹˡ
ʱħеĲɫʧԭ̻ħͼ֮ʧˡƷ⿪˶ԿռԪصĿƣܱߵĺڰԪҲܺгıһľ롣
ƺһӱð
ǣħǳɹôͻȻʧأ
ȻħԣħɹںΪһʱħ֮УֻһĻħЧȻȻĻᱻ
Ϊ֤ħǷɹɣƷѡȥ顣
漴Ʒħͼĵطӣһһħе첽ȥ
͵Ʒһ̤ħеʱ򣬿ռ䳡˲仯
ʱ䣬Ʒ羹һֻһƬѩɽ硣
죬ѪƮ裬ǵƬķɶһ磬ϡ֮䣬ǹһķ֮Ѫ棬ƮƷϡ
ѩĺ
֮Уȴǳա
ʱƷھ޴ѩɽ֮¡
һ
ѩɽƺˣΪƷ;ԭ磬ѩɽˣһ޴ѩ˴ѩɽ£һХǧޣƷСѹȥ
Ʒ󾪣˫ڿն
ǣƷɿնһ̣Ѫ֮Уǲһ޴ʯʯ꼯¡
Ʒɫţ֮£ֻ˫ӭÿѵķ϶Ʒһֱѷ׹ȥ
ವһ
Ʒ϶֮ʱ˲䷢˱仯
˼ǣΧ·췭ظı仯ΪʱƷ羹Ȼһֻл硣ĻĴ趯ǶһסƷ磬Ʒ£һƬ޾ҽ
⡭Ʒһ
Ȼ֮䣬ΧƬĻȻƷϷķ˹
Ʒŵһ亹ǿľͷŶѰҵͻƿڣһ˳ȥ
һ̣ƷѾ»صʱռ֮УΧһȻԭƷͷð亹Լղһġ
ƷȴǷǳļ
ΪħѾɹˡ
ûղƷһжʵΣյģΪһħǿµĹħʥʦǿ߽ҲǾһ


437 ħ
תۣȥˣ
ˣ
һ󽹼Ժ
ţĦüͷһ壬Щõʣ˭
ǡң˿һЩµش˹
ޣ˿ɡĦص
ɣ˿ƿ˷ţһ߽ȥ㿴Ħֳһ鼮ȴǽŰ˿
˿ɫһ죬һǸĵԲ𣬴ŵԺˡ
Ǻǣû£ʲô𣿡Ħ΢΢һЦʱ鼮
С飬ˣҶûˡ˿ͷص
İɣѧԺĦЦЦ
أ˿ͻȻˣ˫еĽĦ
ͼݡ
ͼݣھ͹ȥ
ˣ
ţ
˿סˣһ⡣
ĦһЦ¥ͼң㶮𣿡
¥
⻰˿Ѿȫסˡ
ͼݵ¥ζʲôѧԺȥͼ¥ˣ˭ƺûаɡ
˵¥ͼӵŴصħ鼮ܽͼ¥ĻԿħõһ
ǣҪͼ¥ĻҪԺԿΪѧĻһ㶼ȥֻһЩʦпܵõԺ׼
˵ǸطѧԺ˶Ϊһط
û뵽ԺƷȥˣɼڰ˿ε𾪡
ԣͻȻϢ˿Σһʱ侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ħƺ˰˿˼Цʣ˿㻹ʲô𣿡
ûûˡ˿ЩŵӦ˶٣̲סʣʲôʱ
ǺǣҪáĦЦ
Ҫǳ˻鷳Ժ˿ҧ˫˵
šĦ΢΢ͷɫ˵˿ѧԺеĻ츳ǺܲϷãúúð˼ȥˣ𣿡
˿ɫһ죬صллԺĽ̻壬˿һúŬġ
ţûʲôµĻԻȥˡĦϵ鼮
õģԺˣ˿Ȼȥˡ˿һ񣬱뿪Ժҡ
˿ߺĦε̾Ϣһֿϧôһ˲š

죬ʱռˡ
Ʒ綼Ķһһħ鼮ȻԪħƷ绨˴ʱ䣬Ʒ绹δӴħ֪ʶ
ħ֪ʶۡ
ʱƷֿһħ鼮
ֻǣħƷܺ档
ĺܿЦƷħҲܲˣеħƷȴֻһѡǰƷǿľ޾Ʒ¾ôõҲ̣
ˣȿ˵Ʒ簵
漴ƷڵħעǱħ鼮棬ǿľѻǱħ鼮֮У׼Ŷݽдɨ
Ȼй֮ǰļξ飬ƷҲñȽСˡ
ԺɺޣȻûƷ磬Щħ鼮ΣյģҪǿ鶼ˣǿɾúԩˡ
ʱƷͷŵħѾǱħ鼮С
Ʒеȵǣû뵽Ȿħ鼮
ѵǱ˽ƣǣҵħƷɻ
£Ʒڵħٶתǿħ˽߲㣬ӿħ鼮֮С
ͻȻһ۵ĺڰâҫ
ƷһǱħ鼮ĿԱˡ㲻ԥ׼ɨħ鼮֮С
һ
һɳĺɫ¡ͻȻǱħ鼮гܱħ鼮ɢӡ
Ʒһ׼ȥֿû뵽ǺɫһһӱܵƷǰ
ʲô
Ʒɫ䣬ڵ̼ת
ϧƷĻᶼûУǺɫѾƽƷӣſѪھȻƷס

Ʒ羪ֵĴһӭϮһ磬ԺӿһǿҵڸУƷʶö϶һ˿ûС
žһ
ǣǺɫûʵʵĹԣһƷʱ㻯һɺɫǿƷԺ֮С
ңƷľҪǿ࣬Ȼһĳ֮£ƷѾεȥˣҲò鼮ˡ
ԣĦŲ˽ûǿʵ޷Щħ鼮ЩǼΣյģĻ˵ܲסǹɾ˵Ҫһɵˡ
ڣƷ綼ͻȻĳҪܲסɼⱾħ鼮µĽжôǿ

Ʒ¶һ˿ʹɫ
Ʒ絹ҲԴУǿľת𣬵ûнзʹþԼʶ
ϾƷѾйˣֻбʶѣſħ鼮ݡ
ڣѾãǺɫʧˣǱħ鼮Ҳ±ӡסˡ
գ
ƷԾ£ͷֱð亹
ģعƷ羪ϲķ֣ԼԺ֮УֶһİϢ
ħ᣿
˵ģƷ羪סˡ
νħᣬھһʱը
ô˵أ
ħĻֻҪ㹻ڿհ׵ħעǿħȻ󣬽ħǿзӡסԾҪ󼫸ߡ
ħɹɵĻҪʹ֮ʱֻҪħ˺ѣֱĿ꣬ħ˲䷢
˵ħĻκħ˲ˡ
룬ҪһССħע˽ĻһӹȥмֵܵùսʿҲ˶ѡ
ǣħᲢô׳ɹġһ˵Ҫ߱ħʦϵľ磬עħеħע弶ħѾǲˣʧʻܸߣ˵עжѡ
˶ԱҪ֮⣬оħ
ΪħƷҲиߵ֣֮õħᣬȻҲע߼ħҲ߳ɹʡ
뵽ڴˣƷյЦˡԼӵдħĻɱ֪Ҫǿ϶ٱˡ
ңƷ绹һµǾǸƿռ䡣ȻƷ粻ܲĽħƳԸƳհ׵ħᡣ
ڣƷûħᣬǿ죿
Ʒ罹ˣѵھȥԺҪ
ǵãԺ˵ˣĻֻһΣﻹôħ鼮û꣬Ʒɲôͳȥˡ
ţţƷԽĽҪôʱˣƷǹϢʧˡ
ô죿Ʒ̲ס˵ˡ
Ǻǣ˰ɣһϤϵͻȻ
ƷǴıԵ»ϣ
ȻѭȥҫһɫâһĦǰ׹н˳
ĻƷļˣһĺװĵʦˣ
װģĦȫֱ


438 
СӣϷ򵱻ˣĦһƷ硣
װĵʦɾԩˣνһΪʦΪʦûеʦָҵĳɳƷɫ㶼ҪĦ˹ȥˡ
ˣӾ׼û¡Ħʵ˵ɣʲô鷳ˣ
ǺǣҸտһħ鼮ħ֪ʶۡǣڲ뵽ϲûⶫʦܲܣƷ۾һգһգĽĦ
ĦɾëȻиϽԳһõħᣬ˹ȥȥɣϷھֻûʹùġ
ޣƷӹİħᡣ
ʵħҲûɶرɫģоһһ㣬ֻһӸˡ
ֻһѣоģƷԸо̺һֵ
ɡĦЦЦ
šƷ΢΢ͷ⿪ӣСĴħᡣ
ĸ˵һһſհ׵ֽѣֻհһֵ
򵥵˵ʵħĻҲ滭ѣĶɾһǿıˡ
˵ⶫ㲻ǸûɫƷĿĦ
ĦһƷ˵ƷħᣬɹʿǸߴٷ֮ʮħȫԽħĨȥȻעµħֵĻҲʺϲˡ־ѾˣϷѧϷ᲻øء
ô󷽣Ʒɵĳ˼еħᣬٿĦһʹӣˡ
ߣڲ֪Ϸ㲻ɡĦ˵ţһɫħ顣
Ʒһ£ĦЦǺǣʦϲֻʣһհ׵ħ𣿡
µȻɫʵõģϷ㲻ʹðƷħᶼ̣ˡĦһƷ硣
ǡǣѧˣǾ뵼ʦúָһˡƷͷЦӦ
ǻࡣĦһɪǿհ׵ħᣬֵʵȻֻһƷħᣬעħٿصĺãͬҲǿע߼ħ
ţƷ˫۽Ħеħᣬʵʦѧе㲻׵ľǣħΪοעħأ
Ǻǣ򵥵˵ħֻһħѣϸȥ۲ĻͿɷ֣ССħеħ󣬶ħΨһþǽעħ˵ʹħ֮ǰҪȥú͸ħħ󡣡Ħ΢΢һЦ
ħĹԭ𣿡Ʒɻ˵ħĻƷѾԸħˣûħ滹ħĴڡ
ĦƷǰɻӣһ֣аҫһ׹⣬ħϵĿհĨ˹ȥ
ȻһĻˣԭհ׵֮Уֳһӵħͼ
Ǻǣ˰ɣħħ󡣡Ħһ˵ţϵİ׹ת۱һҵĻ棬潥ĻһһƬ𻨣һһͷħӿȥ
ǣǻǿٵǵħУħҲҫһǿҵĻ⡣
£Ħ˫һǿľħ֮Уһ֮ӡ
͵ģħͼˮһļתѭ˼ܣħϵĻŽʧˣԭհ׵ħ֮УȴǺպնһ˸оһ㣬
ˡĦһЦеħݹƷ磬ЦԺúȥοһ£ʲô⣬ԾϷ򡣡
šƷȽħɵʵѧи̵ʦ
˵ɡĦĸȤЦЦ
ʦҲӦú˽ռħɣƷʵ
ţĦΪȣ˵ռħǽħƺԴ˺ܸȤʣҪ̤ռħҲѡ
ҸôƷ缴ʡ
ϷҲ̽šĦ̾һ˵½ʷ֮УѾٳռϵ֮ˣвҲΪǿȥ̽ռħİӶ˿ռħ֮С
Ʒһ
ûռħԪع棬໥棬߱ռϵ֮⡣ȻҪǿдͨռħĽƣǾֻԼ򡣵ȻõĽݾǣոԪصԼڸħ衣һ˵ֻҪͨ;пȥռ򡣡Ħһ֣ص˵
ڻ𣿡Ʒ粻ʡ
ǺǣϷȻȫ͸㣬ʵܲ򵥡˵Ļ㻹ǲ̤ռ򡣡ĦһЦ
šƷĬˡ
˶٣ĦɻһΧħ鼮ֵɶħ鼮ȻԴѧĶûʵսȥ飬ѴЩճľħΪҲֻܽ鼮ķΧڣ޷ȥԽϣϷ˼
ЩƷдࡣ
ûЩ鼮ǿļʶҲѧħ߾硣ܴ鼮еľжԼǸ޷ȥԽԼƷҪʵ
ʦллʦĽ̻壬ѧ֪ԺôˡƷһľ⣬ҲƷΪϵĸм
Ǻǣ츳ԺܿܳԽϷ򣬴ﵽľ硣ĦЦ
ҪѧϰĶкܶܶ࣬ΣҶԲġƷһļᶨ
־ϷѧĦǼƷļ
֪ΪΣһ̣Ʒ˫ۺˣǰ׷ԲԵߣƷ羹ǲԼǰϰٵĶʦ
ڴ֮ƷرĦĦҲǺĵĴԼħ顣
ƷϴĦÿһ仰μģĦħˮƽҲǴ½ˣΪǾ飬ƷҪѧϰĻܶࡣ
ҲƷΪһ仰д࣬˼
ҲƷҲΪһ仰Ħ۲ݡ
ʦͽƬڰĿռУʳ㽻̸졣
Ħ뿪ˡ
ǣƷȴǼ˵һҪħ鼮ꡣ

ҹɫĽ١
¿֮£Ƕ
ԭһƬҹա
ͻȻ
ವһ
Ȼҹ֮Уٵķɹһ޴δ֮
ԿĻȷʵһȻĶһµ
Ȼ֮ϣȻվĵϰӰۣĿ壬ܸоǵɭɭĸо
Ŀ꣬պձǹ۶ķ


439 еķ
ҹ֮У޷裬˭Ҳע⵽ǰҹ֮УȻİ͡
֮ϣĵӰվǰһλߣһϵףƺѾûνС
ȻǣǾ޲Ļƺһ޴ֵǣﾹǴһ
˼飬Ǿ޴ڸ߿зСһֵƣڵǿħƺʵڲٿķУɼʵǿ˵ķ˼
ʦҪȥ˵ǳȥ𣿡˵ģһλŮӣŮʥʣӦǸϵħߡ
ѧԺߵĻص
ѧԺʲôģĴءŮ˵
ǺǣСͲˣ˵ѧԺǵǰĵطŮλӢ˵ƺԵеԸӡ
ĵطŮһʼȤ
ȻѧԺ˿һһѧԺûñȡӵ˵
СŮ֮ԱǣǰǰǾվŵòŮ˵ʦ㣬֪֪ѧԺ顣
֪ҡòŮĻص
֪ش𡣡ŮεҡҡͷҲǵһĮŮӵǰԱˡ
ٺ٣Сҿʦǲشģ֪ĻǲʦЦ
ߣ˵ŮƺԵЩ
֪ġεʼͷ
ʱŮӱʵʦǹѧԺǵĵط𣿡
ţǧʷˣǵǸطɳġĻص
ǵʵǿǿŮӺʡ
ȥǾ֪ˡߵĻص
ŶŮӱûʲôˣδ֪ĹѧԺȴǳ˺档
վˣϷüӿˣϣܸϵ߳ĵ
һɴȵץҪǴôˤĻǿɲʲôġ
͵ģǿħٶתµٶȻ
ݵһ
ҹлһĹۣٵȥ

ʱѾǵڰˡ
ʱǽʱ䣬ƷȻŬš
ȻûȥʹħʱƷ綼ҪúȥǱħ鼮֪ʶ
ħ鼮棬ϸĽħγԭоǸħע뷽ʽԼħʹ÷ѵķӡ֮
˵ƷѾһħ֪ʶ˵Ѿﵽ˴ʦˮ׼ҲСɡ
ʵħصħûеôѣйĦָ鼮ϸܣƷѾ͸ħеħãǲ÷
ڣؼǾʵʩˡ
ǣΪ˱Ʒڸƿռ佫Ħ͵ħһѳƷ˴ʵġ
ɣƷóеһħᣬĴ򿪡
ţһƬհ׵Ʒһ˫ϬĿ⣬ǵħ֮С
ˣÿʼˣƷ簵һĽ
ħУҪħħ֮⣬оעħʱһҪһǳɣκεļϡҲ֮ܲһҪĿƺǸȡƲħбը
󣬾ǵħɹעɵʱһҪעħħӡסȻҪٵʹõĻֱӽ⿪ӳȥˡ
ʱϤħһЩ򵥱Ҫ裬Ʒ簵תڵĻ֮ħ
ȻһʹħᣬƷ粻ôԸǶиѧĹ̡
ģƷѾͷų弶ħ֮

Ʒһصħ˲䱻ԭհ׵ֳһصħ
£ƷбǵһǷĻעħͼС
һУƷ׼ãǶħħע룬ƺѾγһ˳ͨ
𣡡
ǻһһͷǵħͼ֮С
Ʒ粻Ҵ⣬ǿľŻжӿħͼУм޼
ֱǻȫħͼеʱԭħͼҫһǿҵĻ⣬ԭЩģħͼһӱˣѾɹħͼС
ǣĹؼһ֣ǾǷӡ
£ƷͻȻһ֣аһǿľһӡ֮
䣬ƷһħͼĨ˹ȥ
ţһĻˣƷ־һƤһ㣬Ȼҫħͼסˡ
£Ʒһֱӽħ
ɹˣ
Ʒϲһħᣬоԭʮ౶ɼעħҲвٷġ
ȻΪһɹƷƷȻúúóһħ
뵽ڴˣƷֱӽеħǰݺݵ˹ȥ
ܼ򵥣ħǳɹɵĻֻҪ´ħᣬħħ
ʱƷ罫еħӳȥʱ
Ȼ䣬ħд򿪣һŭһɫֱӴħϯ
ǻɫħгʱ
ͻȻ
һ죬ֱħᱬը˿ΪһƬĩǿ͵ɨϮ

Ʒһ㵣紵ų죬еĸоǹͱƶ
ǿĺǿ
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ûǷӣʱУƷȴһУȫȫĳһӡ


440 ѧԺ
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һ̣ħԪΪԾģڹѧԺﶼи޵Ŀγ̣Ǿޡ
ԣڹѧԺټĲٳ֮УˣеĵʦſлԾԪ֮νǹѧԺһۡ
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441 
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ϾǿǴ˵еѧԺѧԺڵĵطҲħʦء
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ǵ츳ѧ˵ÿʵ֮󣬱㷢ǵʵ򵥣СС;˸ߵħΪ
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442 Ħʵ
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ƷǸ˵ĻǺպվǸͯ

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ȴǲ֪Ʒ֮û뵽ѧԺﾹȻô顣
ڣ³ȥѾû˭ϵƷˡ
ʱƷըǺ̿һͷҲģǱһСɽһħᣬоһħᡣ
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443 ͨͨ
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Ʒһڵħӿ
ڣеħ鼮ˣĦҲֵĵɴ˫ۡ
еħ鼮ʱ򣬽ƵЧˣһɹǿľһͣƷԺ֮С

Ʒʹ˻һԴ⵽شһһ㣬ʹƺԴҪһɹ಻ϵľ˺ѿһ㡣
ǣƷ绹ǵס
͵ģƷǿľʶγһǿӲػǿԵĴһ
Щӿľ˳Ǿӿ˽ȥһľʵ̫ǿˣƷǴﵽ˰񾳵ľЩֵס
꣡
Ʒ˴ڵѪǺ죬ӶھҵĲ
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Ħɫ䣬ϧΪҪʱ̣ĦԳֶѾֹˡ
ڣΨһľǣƷ磬Ʒʵ
Ʒǳ㣬һľ಻ϣѾѺۡ
ȷʵЩħ鼮Եģڴ½һħʦĦ˹ֱʣÿһħ鼮µĽжôǿᡣ
ǣƷ羹Ȼ˲Ҫħ鼮ˡ
˵Ʒ̫̰ˣҲ˵Ʒ̫ǿˡ
䣡
һε죬ƷľʶкըľƺͿҪ֧Ų˴߾Ϣӿ룬ѺԽԽ
ʵϷ򲢲ȥû뵽Сӻô񡣡Ħε̾Ϣƺˡ
˵ʵĦֻȥһƷѣû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼ˿ȥħ鼮ݣĦҲ
˿̣ĻƷ޷ɹˡȻˣòΣźǣЩħ鼮ϢҪӴʧˡ
ģƷĻķ
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ǿоǳĶƷչЩħ鼮ȻھҵĶƬռγһε˳
ˣЩ飡
Ħ󾪣ҲͲסΪƷǿľѾԶԶĦ
͵ģĦһչ˫һӹһĹâϱͷųһǿľƬռ˲һξ
ĦĻЩħ鼮ܻƷľ⵽
ڣƷѾе˼ЩľϢ֮Уûע⵽ĦѾԼ߱Щħ鼮ˡ
ʹ࣡µʹ࣡
ǿǶԾĴݲУԶԶԽĥ
ۿףǿڣǣѪƷ˫ĿǷѪ˿ĿȶħҪӵ
һƷƺҪֲסˣѾƲ
ͻȻƷ˫һţֱ䣬һɸΪֲƱ˳Ƭռ䶼ηĲ
ʲôĦĿ࣬ڿŹһĶƷ硣
͵ģƷľ֮Уӿһɿֲľ֮羪ξˣ̼佫ľûˡ
ȻһӴϢƷԺ֮С
Ʒ粻ٳɣ̼ջͷŶľ˫ۣϥʼ뾲ţϾӿϢʵ̫ˣƷҪúõȥ
ֵø˵ǣƷĳɹħ鼮ݶˡ
һУƽеħ鼮Ҳ±ӡη衣
ĦѰһǰŵƷ磬ÿµǱСӵʲôݣ


444 ˿С
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ûѡҪˡ˫һ裬ųһ˷ܵЦݡ
ǧˣֵһλħˡ

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ɼһƬıУԿѧԱææߣӦȥˡ
ЩһСʱΪȻС￴ЩСúܿɰĶˣһСʱͺ޲һ㣬Ҳɺö࿴С
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ߣѧԺ˿֡СһֹţŻ֪ôء
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˴ϲѶ˸ԽԽࡣ
˿ĮѧԺģѧԺеСƱˣһһ׼ûʲô·
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˵ǣǰ˿оͶٶСʵ棬찬˿ʵûȤ
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شػУһǿ˿˿ǰػάֲñѣǹͬھˡ
˿гǾи˼ɫĶСǿ


445 ʶ
ȷʵСʵǿǿò˼顣
ħħǿȣԵľҪǿ˿
ǣߵ˾ͿԾȵķ֣С밬˿ľɶħʦʵѣһͬ޹ϵΪʲôʵͻôأ
ĻܱߵҲסˣ˿Ȼһо·硣
ߣ˰ɣСŰ˿
˿ŭ侲ȻоھϵĻŮӲǿԼŮӵľħȴҪǿԼࡣ
ˣ˿Ҳ޾⣬ЦǺǣ£һСӣ
СӣСｿһ趯ƣлԾĹԪؿٵӿС˫趯֮С
˿΢оһ֮ҲǸŰתڵĹ֮ħ趯պվʩչͬһħ
Сһ㵣֪ΪΣ˶ʹͬԵħСҲĪĶ԰˿˺øС
˵ӦǱ˴˶˺øС
ʱ䣬С밬˿ʼԿеĹԪؽŷᣬεĹԪػһǿҵĹâʥĹâѾǵӸס
Ұ֮У΢΢ֻܿӰѡ
˴󾪣Ŀǿҵİ׹⣬ͬħ׻˭Ҫǿһأ
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ͬʱһǹâ֮УȻֳһĹ
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һ죬Ĺըײһ͵ıըŰ˿һǿܵϮ˿ȥ
˽Ȼһѱ˸Ƶ˺˼С˵ľҪϰ˿

СսڣһȻֳһ˫趯йɰĻš
һԼСħĿѾԶԶħʦ֮ˡ
˿ҲأѧԺȷʵ򵥣Ѿˣô˵Ҳôˣ԰˿ԸҲ
ߣұͲµģҾ̫ˣ㶼һģôᣡС˵
˴˱˴ˣҶҲһøжûУǲѧԺһôûʣ˿ŭˣڵĹħҵת
ѧԺСŭһһһܼһ˿˹ȥ
ݣݣ
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ϧСûоµӣҲûз֣һһóѰЦݡԭչֱͻȻһϣ֮伷һİ׹⣬ȥһ⡣
Сĺ棡ͻȻ˾һС
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û뵽Сħ˵ľˡЩǾСħѹÿһǲļħĻ͸ˡ
ҲǿýϾڿǹϵѧԺ֮ȻСҲǸŮϾһѧԺеˣԴڻĬĬΪ˿

ͻȻ˿һУ죬˫ѾʼŲˣ۳еħһĳ
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лл佱ʵʵģֻ㻹ûнħúáСﾹȻŰ˿¶Цݡ
⻰˿һ˼ӣҲ漣ĳСмЦллһεĻһӮģ
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С⻰࣬еŭǻɽҪ緢һ㡣
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Сϲݺݵĵ˵ͷ˿˹ȥ
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͵ģתĿŰ˿ȥߣүҪĶûеòء


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ʱ䣬̶̶
ڣϵѧԺħѧԺѧԱŬĿޣϣõһͻƣɸ˼
С밬˿ΪϴεһìܣΪѡһԸʣһԸĮּ˵ദһû뵽׽һ㡣
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һ죬أĿ޲ڴţڴ˵еѧԺӵħʵ׻жǿ
˿̣˵ѧԺΪֵӣܵ˹͢ĹעʥĴ½Թٹս
ԣħʢ»δʽʼ֮ʱѧԺеѧԱ뵼ʦʼˮӿС
У˳Ǽħ࣬еʿ࣬ѧԺ֮еĵʦ֮˸߲֮⣬ѧԺ˶Ѿˡ
һƷܷƿһξҪӵ֣ҲԵñȽ滯ΪھѲʮŵϯ
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ǣ֮УƷȴǺ֪飬ȻԶصͼ֮С
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һ̾ϢǺڰ֮УԳһʥ׹⣬ɫ׺͵Ħǰ׹̤ضЩεƷ硣
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ھһƬˣȻͷеĴȥ
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˵ѧԺѾʧǧˣʷĻѧԺڹѧԺ֮ǰ
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˿ؼѧԱѣ˵ǼЩʦʦЩϢϻء

ϣ֮ϲ
Ȼ̸۵ĻȻΧǴ˵еѧԺ֮ǰδѧԺˣѧԺﴫ÷зģҲѧԺ˽⡣
ǣɻǡѾʧǧ꣬ΪʲôڻͻȻأڴ½еĻΪʲôôĵطȴû֪أ
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ȻЩʦҲֻ˶ѣλʦʵݶǷǳ򵥡ǣҲǸǼĵʦÿһλ;߱ʥʦʵħ֪ʶԨ
ǣټľȴԵ÷ǳİһ˫˫Ħߡ
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⻰ΣиǷŭѣԼ˵ҲĴ½֮ףû뵽޻Լӡ
ǣ˷˱ǿһЦǺǣͦĬġ
˵꣬˱㾲޴ˣֱֿԡ
һѧԺ֮ħʢ£Ҳʽʼˣ


447 С
ϷѧԺħʢʽʼ
һϵװĦһֻӾħȣһǿҵĹâʥϢ̼ϯ
Ȼ䣬ǿˮķµȺ׷ƣ಻
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˿ȴ˼˾ĴţɫԵЩʧ˵С磬֪һģ𣿡
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Ҫǣڴλصħţ׻᲻أ
ҵĻάѾãâĵȥٶȻع˰
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˶٣ĦϢּ˵һʢֻΪһħʲô֮һʿɶֹڶ֮Уʹκε︨ſʾԼʵ˫ʤΣΪһɳκε߿۳ѧ֡
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˿һƷʱԭȻɫͻȻΪļ˼ľǣ˿ڵħš
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453 ǿħ
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ǣһʵ̫ˡ
ݵһ
Ļ浶âϮ
̼䣬˶ֵĵɴ˫ۣĿҵһĻ
Ȼ󣬾ޱȾյһ˲䣬ƷͻȻתӣĿЩĴ
ţ
ƷôһͻȻͷһеƼͣʹ԰˺ն¡
һ£ƷҲûٶ
͵ģƷ磬һֻŻ־ӥצһ㣬ֱնµŭս綾߰̽˹ȥ
ʲô
һαƷľٶˡ
һ£ϢȴǷ׷׳Ծĵɴ˫ۡ
ΪƷ羹ȻסˣµǣƷָֻͷѣѾסŭսŵĻ⣬һɹɵϸϮŭս֮С
ɫ־ȻƲסеŭսˡŵǣƷ粻֪ʹʲôŹֵǳԾܽŭսƷָͷг


458 ħVSħ䣨£
ô£
˾סˣЩ˶ȫƷ絽ʹʲôֶΣȻǿĹסˡ
˵ʱһеĴǿſ¹һĽǰɫƷ硣
ħ
ΪֻƷȼһ
ǣֻħĻΪʲôƷô׵סŭսЦľǣƺںƴʹǰβŭս
Сӣ㡭֡
ǺǣѾˡƷ絭һЦ
䣿һ㶣ŭ
ͻȻƷָһһɹĻİΧסŭս
ʲô
ɫ䣬ֵķ֣ԭﵽƽŭսû뵽һɹɻ֮󣬹쾹Ȼһƻˡ
ˣƷɫһ
ãɫ䡣
£͵ڳȭȭгǿҵĻ⡣ŭһƷױݺݵĺ˹ȥ
һȭٶȷʵܿ죬˵ΪƷԻһȭб
ϧûУΪƷϵĶȴҪ졣
ģƷ˫ָŭսһ
һ
ŭսͻȻ䱬ը˿ûзӦ

һʹУǿıըӿ֮£ݺݵĵ˳ȥǳƵȭͷѾûлٳֻƷ硣
ͨһ
ڵأ˵Ӳ㾪õ˳
ƷһᣬȻԶĴ˵綼Ѿѹˣ
⡭ô£С￴Ŀɿڴ
ҡҲ֪ɫ
ÿµһ𾪣һ˫ӽƷ硣
ǣȴǾˣ亹ղŵǷʲôˣ
ΪƷʵսеʵ̫ˣ˿õĴҲȫûҳϵΪʲôƷڶ̶̵ļноͶ˶ֵ㡣
Ȼ䣬һ˫˫ӽƷ硣
ʱվӣ˫Ʒ磬ҲƷʵ
ʵƷղһҲܼ򵥡
룬ħĻŭսǺǿûȫħںϣֻάƽѡ
Ʒѿŭսܴﵽƽ⣬ֻҪʹһЩ֮ħƻŭսеƽ⣬ŭսлˡ
ʱ˾Ŀע֮£ƷЦŴֵܵʵĺǿܽˡ
֪ΪΣڴƷ֮ⷬʱоԼĺߵΪھͿԽ𣿡
ͻȻɫһ͵Ļ˫ȭȵĻ档
飡
һ죬һ˫Żȭͷһһҡ
һ
˫ȭ֮£һ޴Ļɫεض𣬾޿Ʒǵذĳ˹ȥ
Ʒ˫ǻһǿľǻ͸˽ȥڵĻ֮ħӿ
ȻûƷ簵ֻչһҪ˼ûС
һΣҲܴ֪ƷѾʶԼħϵ㡣һδǴħĹȻֻһ˴ڵĻ֮ħѹ֮£ǻǴﵽ߼ħ
ǣ˾ľǣȴħĹ֮£ƷȻһΪȻӡ
𣡡
ڵĻѾƷؿڡ
ˣϲ
һӣȫɵסˡ
ȷʵˣǻûҪȥ˺Ʒ˼޴ӣȻƷӶζš
ӶˣǻиӦȥֵķ֣ԼѾȫʧȥ˶ǻĿơ
ôܣ
ȫٴαûƷ羹Ȼȡ˴ͷųħ
ǣǿǴﵽ߼ħƷ絽ôģ
˵ͷųħֵʱ伫ΪݡǵͼħĻȡֵħƿȨǿڿǸ߼ħ֮һѹǿġ
˶Ѿ߱˴ħʦʵȡħƿȨƷѾﵽʥ򼶵ʵ
ȻƷ绹ûдﵽʥȴȫˣʵ̫ˡ
µĹ޶ƲסˣޱȣҲֵļ
˵ޣΪƷ絼ʦĦڿһĻ֮ɵסˡ
ϵƷ磬ߣһһȡ
˿̣ȫϢ˶ƺ𺳵Ʒıݡ
⡭ҲסˣȻ֪γˡ
ʱƷ趯˫֣ǻƷ趯ţһˣ
ɫ飬;úϲ£죬ƺѾڸƷÿһζš
͵ģƷɫһһ
ϯƷӣųƷͷ֮
˵ˣѾˣƷ˵һ
𣡡
ǻŭһԭȵˣųƬ棬Ŵȥ
ۼǻҪƽǰ֮ʱ
͵ģ˫һ졣
ȷʵзǳĲʣһɲĨŭŭһûأ
䣬ڴ֮ʱȼһǿҵɫâ
ûǶ
û뵽Υ˱еĹ򣬻ǱƵʹóˡ
պãǻҲų˹һ˫ɫǿĸȭҲ˳ֱ˳ȥ
䣡
һıը֮죬ֱʹ˫ȭǻݻˣΪ㡣
֮УҫһǿҵɫţȫϹסȫ⣬Ȼһǿ
ţƷüͷһ£ûбֳκεη塣
ɫһŴ˵ѾΥԵĹˣ
ȷʵΥԹˡ
⣬۷׷ףڴҲԽӵıġ
ŭɫͷӦʦѧһεķһһҪӮ
˵꣬ǳһ˫ŭƷ磬Ե˵ļ
һŭĦȴЦǺǵ˵Ǻǣ֣似ȻΪѧԺ֮Ľ似ħûƵģڱ֮ǰҲû˵ʹ似ɣ
һ㶣ʵƷǹеǳĺ棬似Ҳȥ
˻ޱ˳Ħ˵Ļ΢΢˵ͷûˡ
֮˷ܣƷݰЦߣһΣҾԲ㣡
Ǻǣͽ̡ƷһЦ⣬ȫûκһ˿ľ⡣
̼䣬ٴδɧаɫȵĽƷ硣
Ʒܷƿ˾֮ʱƷɵĴ˴ﵽ˴ʿĶ֡
һΣƷԵǽʼǿߣǿ൱ʥʿĶ֡
似ĽƷĻܹȲʤ


459 ȭ
ڣԭħѾ似ϵĽ
ȻȷʵЩס
ǣ˶Ʒ似ҲǷǳĺ棬ҪƷ׼似ϵĽϵٶȷ
ΨУȺ֮еİ˿ȴǰڵš
˿İɣµġ޽ܷƺ˰˿˼
ô˿ϲ˺Ρ
š޽ܷ΢΢ͷžŵƷ磬ЦǺǣȻϷ򲢲ر˽ϷԸоⳡǻӮ
Ȼһ¶ţһʱġ
ţ˿£΢΢ͷû˵ʲôֻĿѾķƷϡ
ʱھС
ŭĴѾս˫ȭȫǿҵϹ⣬ǿƷ硣
֮ƷȴԵ÷ǳ򶨣עŴ
׼𣿡ʡ
ʱԡƷ絭Ȼ
ߣҿɲˣɫһֵ㣡һҾԲ֣
ǺǣҲϣġƷ΢΢һЦ
ԽӵߣƷĻ֮УƺûнԼ
͵ģ˫ȭһ
ͻȻ
ವһ
ֻһɫߣѻһɫ⣬ſµƣֱƷȥ
Ʒ˫һΪ˲¶ԼʵƷʹ
ϾƷıѾﵽ˵߲ڣ֮죬ƾƷѾ߱˵ͬڽʼʵ
ţѾŭ嵽ƷǰȻĻȭݺݵĶ׼Ʒؿ˹ȥ
˿üסƷϵÿһ
˵һȭͣҲܿ졣
ವһ
һȥļʸ׺ȭѾƷؿڡ
Ʒɫһ䣬΢΢һߣһ˫צӰȴǹĸ̽˳ȥ
ǿĺǿ
ѾúˣƷֵʱ򣬻ûиоκεĶȻֱʹȴӭӴȫһȭ
ȻûƷʹˣ޵Щˣȫľˡ
һ̣ƺһ㣬Ʒ̽ȥһ˫צӰȴǺĴ˴ȫϵĶ㡣
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒһ˫צѾεĿס˴
סˣ
˾Ǹ𺧡
ûƷȷʵȵĽסһȭֻʹȻס˽ʼǿȫµһȭ
𺧣𺧻𺧣
ֻ˵Ʒʵֲ̫ˣ
㡭ˣŰı͹ͫס
ΪʣƴйעڵĶƵǺ죬ʹȭͷǲǰݽһ֣ƷؿҲֻʣѡ
ƷǱһĨЦһǰŴŴӣڻȦӰתš
ɫƺԼѾʧȥһ㣬ֱ۾ǸƷĶתšЦǣǰղסӵģҲڸŤ
ɵסˣȻôЦ
ΪƷŪŴת֮ʱƨɺӶһŤһŤģʵ̫ˡ
ǣȴһɫм𾪡
ȻƷʽܹŹ֣ȴǿԸӦȻסˣһʱԳ
ҪˣŸճ־ͱƷǣţߡ
͵ģŭһƷץԼƶ֮ʱǷһӳһֻȭͷһɸ͵ȭֱƷϱ˹ȥ
ƷȻ壬ڴһȭ֮ʱ
ͻȻƷа˼Ŵ˫ͻȻһţ˳Ŵ󣬺ݺݵ͵һ

һ䣬ɫ৵һӱˡ
һȭͻûȫȥӱ㱻Ʒ͵һηӦĹҲǳʹ԰ǰ˹ȥеȭһӵȻȫޡ
ɴ࣬˳ƷƣϱǿֱƷײ˹ȥ
ţƷĺżһء
󣬾ڴӼײʱƷͻȻŴ΢΢һ˫żʹһƷӾϣݺݵײ˹ȥ
ʲô
󾪣û뵽ƷͻȻ侹ôһ֣ӵĶѾ˳Ʒǰȥ
һ
һҽУƷǸӲļǺݺݵײ˴֮С
֮УҲǿúڴϷɽĿѪ֮УŽ׵ŷ˳ݺݵĵ˳ȥ
ͨһ
䵹ڵأһַ𣬷ŭĽһ쵰
ǣȴǿÿЦˣͻȻԵñĻ
涪СҡҡͷƷʵҲǼΪ𾪡
Ҳһ࣬ǽʼǿߣȻ⵽Ʒ似ϵϷŪ
ವһ
ŭĴͳ˫ƣгǿĶ֮Ʒڵķ˫Ƹ˹ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬һ;Ϲ˹ӿ˹ȥ
ƷȻ壬˫ֹζֵƣ˫أ˳˵Ʈšʮ׵ľ룬Ʒˡ
һ㶣ȻԶ̹ԸƷ硣
͵ģڵĶıһƷɱ˹ȥ
ߣǾжԸɣƷ簵һ˫־ǰڳһֵƣֱּһߵ
ûߣƷʹõѧеһȭȭģ¸ĶݻȭʽС
ʲôʽ˾һ亹δ侹Ȼ˹ʽ
ڷŭĴŲȥƷʲôʽһ嵽ƷǰȭȭгſµݺݵƷϺ˹ȥ
ǣȭȥʱƷӾһŤţƵ˴ּ࣬һߵļһ㣬ֱĲ˹ȥ
ȭľٶȼ죬ÿһʽ֮Уܻġ

һʹУܰһŲӣ͵ֻһֻȭͷɨ˹ȥ
ƷӽýݰһһֳŵأƵ˴࣬һȭ
͵ģƷͻȻץ˴֮Уݺݵһץ
ȵһ
ֱϵֱӱʹһֱкպ˼̵Ѫۡ
ȭıǺݣÿһÿһʽǼΪݶ֮һҪѪ
쵰
ŭһһתöƷ磬ٵս˫ȭƷϺ˹ȥ
Ʒ絹Ҳ壬˫ȭһȭ
𣡡
˫ȭһ绢һƣƷڵǿӭ˴һ˫;ȭͷ
飡
һǿҵײ֮죬ȭ֮һǿˡ
˫һ飬о˫ȭǴ˸ְһ㣬ͱƻһǿķ֮
һУٴѪȫһһαȵ˳ȥ
ţƷ绺ջеȭƣȻ
ʱȴѻȸһžֵס
УֻǼУûʹһ˿ĶҶȫĹУ
̶Ƭ̣ƷѾȫλ˶ʼĽĽʼǿ߸ˣ˭⾹Ȼģ


460 
似⵽ʲô似
֣Ʒʩչǿ似Ѿȫ˳˵⣬ǹѧԺеʿ뵼ʦǣĿõƷǿ似֮̾硣
Ǹ˵ɫ
ղţǶøƷȷʵûʹκεĶǿʩչſ¹似
ǣһħʦѣΪʲôΪﵽ֮ǿ𽣻ǿߣƺҪʤһ
̫ˣ
֮䣬Ʒеĵλִˡ
ʿѧԱ뵼ʦǣƷչֵǿ似۷
ˣƷ絭Ŵ
ʱվӣһֲȥǱߵѪɫȻƷ˵ţȷʵˡҲòϣħ似㶼ԶʤңҴĶˡ
ǺǣллƷ΢΢һЦ
ɫһһβζ֮ĽѾĽˡлѧԺĻһһʱҿɾûôˣ
Ǻǣ˵ףСֻһ˶ѣѵôүܹңлĻСһүһƷһЦ
ȷʵ֮ͬУѾˡ
ΪƷ̫ȻƷҪΪˡ
漴һʵ뿪˾
ƷУԭŵľٴηķƷһӮȫ䶯ԵĻ֮
ӮˣӮˣСӮˣ˿ᶼˣϲ֮ɫ
ţӮˣ޽ܷ˫žеƷ磬֮УĻǸӡ
Ʒ絽ʲôˣ
һʵǿħʦȴӵǿ̬壬ȫδеĳǿ似Ѿ㹻ˡľǣƷ翴ô᣿
似˵һζĿ޾ģҪǿ츳֮⣬Ļڳսġ
ԣҲƷ˸еΪìܵĵط
ʱĬĬĻص޵ߣЩھΰĳ˵Բʦˡ
ǺǣʲôϵŬĻһһӮģ𣿡޺ͰһЦ
һ㶣۾һգһգĶޣΪղǻþǴһμһʦȻ˹Լ
ɣвһǿҵģɫᶨĵͷллʦһŬģ
š΢΢ͷοЦЦԼѧγأ
ߣϼһǸϺ꣡һԵĺ˰һޣĿٴ˾Ʒ硣
Ī֮䣬˵оȻһ˿ʶĸооȴһʱ벻
ڣСﶼѾˡ
ҲֻʣˣλԵüΪĮŮӡ
֪˵СѾ³ˣ˶ѧԺʵǼΪ𾪵ġʵĻѧԺԶԶѧԺ
ԣڴҶһλֵʵеΪĺ档
Ʒ綼еΪ档
ɣƷͻȻͷĿ֮顣
ãҲƷ硣
ǣͻȻ֮䣬û뵽Ʒ羹ǻԼɫϲ˵ĺ֮ɫ
£վǰһʦҿȥһ𣿡
Ȼԡ΢΢һЦ˵ȥɡ
š˵ͷߣСȴͻȻס֡
СɻĻͷС
Сɫһ죬ʦ㣬ͣ
ǺǣллųһЦݡ
Сɵһ£ȵǰЦ飬޵ʦ㣬ʵЦĻĺ
ⲻ֪⻰֮ȴǺݺݵĵһСһӱϵЦݣ˾
ˣ
ȫĿ׷ǵȵİɫˣ˫ˡ
ȷʵĺһͷɫĳ䣬覵ݣ㣬ȴִһ˿˲ȥµı֮ɫ˵Ľëһ˫ɫӣž޵ĻɫǿջԵļͦ˫
ģ˵ЩڳŮˡ
˵ѧԺеŮʾ
Ʒһֱڽ˹һ뵽ҪһλŮƷһֺܲڵĸоƷʵֺܸȤ
龲վƷ಻׶ľ롣
ƷãΰЦǺǣá
š΢΢ͷһɫ˵ҽ飬ʥʦͽ̡
ʲôʥʦ
һεľʵ̫ˣû뵽ʵȻﵽʥʦ֮
ʥʦ˿ɫԶƷ磬ֲɰĵ
ò˵ѧԺ˿̬ħ˫޵츳Ѿ㹻ˣû뵽ھȻðһλʥʦ
ʥʦѾٽڴʥľˣڴ½˵Ļܹʥʦ֮ħʦѾǲˡ
ԣ鱩¶Լʵ֮ʵ̫к䶯ˣҲܳɹĴһƬˡ
Ͼ츳ʵ̫ˣͻôСȻѾﵽʥʦľ磬ԺʥǿߵĻѾȥˡ
һأû뵽ѧԺʵԽԽˡ
ɣ͵͵бһޡ
Լ޵ɫһš
ȻпǷǳûѴһϳǵܼ򵥣λŮӲơ
Ħ˫һɼҲǳž֮ɫ
ΪĦԸоھȻǱǿħȫͬģɼħȴֺгΪһ塣
ֻ˵ʵǿͨʥʦҪǿʮ
ȻƷҲоˡ
ϾƷľѾﵽ˰֮ǿһĿӵʵ
ȵķ֣棬ǿħת˼ľǣħȻǴڼ˵һԪϡ
ûˮԪء
֪ħ֮Уһ鼫ԪϵĻԶԶһħƷܾȣΪڵɼħѾгںΪһ塣
˵ȥǲǿľƷҪԸĻȷʵмѡ
ƷȴԵüΪ˷ܣҪľĶˡ
ʱƷڽԼһ˵ιԿʼ𣿡
Ʒ类⻰˹εЦǺǣɡˡ
ƷǴЦݡ
ǣƷĻ˵ʱ
õһ
б˲˻֮ĳƷ硣
㡭
Ʒһɫû뵽龹ȻͻȻ͵Ϯ
£Ʒٵ˳֮Զ
һ
ݺݵײ˾߽Ĳɫ֮У̼䱬ը˿
գƷ簵һ亹ͷɫ飬ŮĲеôǰ


461 ںħĶԿ
֮ȻΪ߼ħͷħٶȴǼΪ¡
ȻֻԳ˵ĽǶȥѡ
ĦЩʥǿߵĽǶȥǿɾûôˡ
ԣѾĽڵħںϣֻħ㹻Ļż֮µħƬ֮ɣżħҪʱҲҪࡣ
㹻ʱά֣ǹҲǿԵģֻķѵħ뾫ǳ
ƷɫȻԼھżƣƷҪƽķʽħϵĽƷԲԼǿľ
ʱɫ䣬ȻǶڸղ͵ϮһΪȻλǿħʦ¡
ңһǵ͵ϮҲ˵ûĿԵģҪֻ̽Ʒʵ
ԣԷ֣ƷķӦǿӶ֪ƷľԲԼҪǿ
ˣȴǿȫעϵκһ˿ϸڶȥŹ
Ʒɫأڲʵ֮ǰò鱣һľ롣
£ƷһԾٵ˵˾ʮ֮İɣΪ˴˴αԵĹƽ֮⣬ҾԲʹκε似
㣡Ļص
ƷΣ˵̬ȿĲϲҪǶλŮӵĻ˵Ʒ綼ŭˡ
ƷʵȤȴ֮ǰƷԲ
Ȼ鲻һĵˡ
һƷûֵ˼ɫһ֣еˮԪؿٵĻС
ʱ䣬֮Ȼһѱ󹭡

ûǹһȫɱı
˿棬ˮϵħ֮Уûڱħ
ȻҲںħİˣֻҪģܽеħԪԼҪ
Ħĵ˵ͷ
һЦ⣬ΪѧѧԺ֮У츳Ҳõġ
λ½ı֮ʱɫȴԽӵѿΪ½еλ̵Ĺ͢ǾԲ͢
ʱƷ絹һƽĿϵÿһΪ˰ȫƷڵħҲǰת
Ǳɫǧ겻ڻıɽֳһѴɫĹâ
ţڳ֣ǱĽһƣǱ֮Ȼӽһɫ
˺ޱȣǹĻҪǼʸ
ԣĦЩ˳⣬ܲ²⵽ıܻὫ֮ħΪʸ
ϧǶȫ´ˣΪǽһĻǷǳ𺧡
ҪΪҪľǼʸûеļʸȴ˾ò˼ˡ
ɣ齫ĿסƷ磬סɫâ֮Уһû뵽ɫâͶȾôǿ㽫Ǳһ״ˡ
һУǺ
ǣȼʱȫȴǱըԵĺ䶯ˡ
ûⲢΣϵȷʵǻ棬ʵ̫ˡ
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ڣǾħĻʩеΣպֵܴľԶԶǿԼĻ⵽شǲصĴۡ
ǣľħǵĴڣڹħԪеʱľѾǱħԪ֮У˹
ĻħĻڻͬڶֵľ硣뾫ħһʱŵֵħĹԻ뵽־Ȼʹ˾ǿɾʹԿˡ
뵽ڴˣƷ粻ɾһ亹ʦ˵ûŮӶǶҩ
ȷʵħ뾫ĻǿǷǳߵȵħżķգƷȷʵǺ츳
ǣһֻѧԺ֮ĽѣαؾҪһġ
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ⲻ֪ƺƷͶɫŵĲмеŭȴԽӵʢӿħԪصۣǿľħԪ֮С
ȻҲΪԸĵط
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Դӣʢ֮ƷƬѧԺ
ԶϲƷԺܻΪΰķѧԺѧԱѾ콫Ʒ統һĳˡ
룬ᣬӵǿ似ӵŴ½ǧʲſɳֵϵ֮壬˾츳˵ԺΪҲ˵ܵġ
ԣڻ˭Ʒ硣͢˶˿Ʒ磬ΪĦΨһѧƷ벻ˡ
ȻʢѾˣѧԺ֮УĴ̸Ʒ
ȻƷΪ˿ʥĵλҲǸŴذѾЦˣĻȥںƷ⡣
ʱǰ
ڰ˿ڵıС
ʱƷµĺһ㣬ʵʵվһߣ۶ҿ˿һۡ
˿ĹĵɳϣƷ硣
˵Դ˻ص˱֮˾űֵڡ
ڣƷ绹ͲסʵС㣬㲻˵𣿡
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Ʒ΢΢һʵ綼뵽˿Լ
Ͼһӵϵ֮ħߣټǿ似ȷʵòð˿Ʒʵݡ
С㣬ĺҪ𣿡Ʒ˵
ԣҪΪҡ˿˵ţɫһ죬˶ֵΪҵҵѣΪѣòӦ𣿡
͵ңҵʲôݣСֻҪҲ˺ͿˡƷص
ǾȻ㲻˺ңΪʲôֲܸأ˿ʵ
ҵĿԣС¡Ʒ米ӡ
˿һҧֿ˵ĺȥ˽㣬Ϊĺܺ£һ뿪ңһǲס㣬֪Ϊʲôֵĸо
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ţҾԲκ˵ģҷģ˿ص
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УҵѡƷϰĻص
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Ϊ˿ԼƷľѾʼƽཻˡ
⡭ƷһΪѰӣ˿ô֮ǰҲҵҵĿԣѵϣⲻǸ𣿡
ѣҲҪѣ˿е
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470 ʥ
ܲ͢һΰ콨Ⱥڵ۶ĸ߷֮
ɼҪƶ֮УԻ͵Ĺ⣬ʥĹԡ󣬻ɷΪִ̻ȺʥϹ͢ĹǸɶӽ͢Уɽ֮˲þ
ʥžʮ׸׿ׯϣеѹȸС
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ʱ˶һˣʥĴš
ȻԺ˺´֮׵ݣʥȻǳ衣
ǰһʹƵĽޱȣһǽڣһשһߣÿһϸڶʮ־ϸǽשҲ̻ϵͼɢʥϢҫԡʥ֮С
ůϢʥƮ˳ʹʥ裬ÿһƺܹϴ˵
߽ʥеʱ򣬱ǰ֮ǶʯľһλͷͷڣֳִʹɫϵĸŮš
ǸŮԱߣվһλɫͷɫòŮӣտɫӣݣԳƵλŮ
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ûڱϵıǹ͢Ψһ̻ʣά˿
վά˿ԱߵλŮ͢еʥŮҲǰ˿㣬

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΢΢ͷԼлദʱ쳣ϲ
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š
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ʱټʥ֮Уֻʣºά˿ˡ
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471 
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ѧԺ֮УѧԱǶҪޡ
ǣֵǣ糿޵ȴȥһ롣
ѧԺĴ֮ǰȻۼһƬȺϡЩӵ֮
ǣǵϣڰĽȴǴһµη塣
ԭѧԺĴ֮ǰȻվһλŮȵˣգֳһѾµľɫȣɫѩһİɫԣʥַ
ûλ˸ҿȴҽӽˣǹ͢еΨһʥŮ
ʥŮǿǴʥʥŮλҪ߹Ĵ̡
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ǺǣǾѧԺɣϷҲر׼˿ļڡĦЦ
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473 ټ
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ΪβңƷһм
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474 ֤
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ֻ˵ͿǵˡƷ糤̾һ

šƷ΢΢ͷȱ˷ʱˣǿһʱ䣬һһͬԺ󲻹ܻкαܶһʵܵжһݺôɣ
лл㣬˿Ȼûϲˡм
ⲻ֪Ʒ⻰֮Ȼ쵽ȥˡ
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475 Ħ
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476 ̽
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ԣǴ֮УȻһǿϢһǰ˿ǽʱǹϢıѹ˹

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΢΢ſڣ˫˿죬õĻ˻ȥ
ĦŲȥʥļ£ŰʵʥŮԸ°ˣ
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飡
һǿҵ֮죬ڴжٶһǿˣɫ÷ֱҲб˹ȥ

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ˣƷʵѾӮ˹Ħеļ͡


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˴󾪣Զʥ֮һû뵽ĦﾹȻǷ
ĻƷءĦʵ治򵥣ȻܹշѾǳԽʥ˰ɡ


478 ⵹ʥ
𣡡
ͷһ죬Ƭҡζ
˾ֲѣƣǳܳܡ
ʥޣ˿Ŀɿڴƽһ˽ӽļʥޡ
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ţƷһ㶣Ҳ׹Ħ˼ˡ
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ѵʲô𣿡ĦĻص
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ĦѰ˼˻ҲһֱƷʵеǳ档˵Ʒӵǿ似Ҳúüʶһ
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ðɣСͶʥ޴˶һСʵ˵öҼ֡ƷһƽȻ˷ĶԼ
ϾƷǷǳҲ˳˹Ħ˼ĦԤеĻҪӿ¡
һóѣе⣬лȥܾˡ룬һݱ΢˳ԼϣԺʲôʥ档
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˿ȴ̲סⲻƽ
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û뵽Ʒ羹һӶûУ˵һѪĻʣڶעʼ֮ǰҿһ𣿡

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ȻƷ粻ҲԾȥ̽飬ΪܹĦľ񾳿ܻᳬԽԼƷ粻Ҵ⡣
ǣҪȻŲĻֱӲӲĻȷʵ̫ܣҵñ¶Լʵ
ڣƷ뵽İ취ǣ̽ѨλáǸ߼֮̽ȥӦѪѨλá
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ˣСɾͲˡƷ߹һĨŵЦݡ
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Ʒһ͵һ󲽣֮һȥ
ߣԲɫоǲмȻƷˣ͸оκһֵϢ
͵ģƷ嵽˷Ӱǰ֮£һٵԾһתżΪģƺסĿꡣ׼Ǿ޽ϼһλãһĽż⣬ݺݵ˹ȥ
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Ʒ˫źݺݵڷǿ¸֮УѨ
𣡡
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һǿҵ֮һӰķأѣ˴Ƭ̳
ţƷ緭أأһȻ
ٶϢǰⲻŵһĻг𺧣𺧡
ʥޣǿԶʥްȻĪԵƷˣ


479 Ůͺ
֮Уվ
֮У޴ԴʣŵĶƷ硣
ڣ˵ǰǣĦһӡ˵Ʒ似ȺƾУùĦѡ
ʥޣǿʥޡ
Ȼʼգȷʵûʹκһֵǿ֮׼ܻơ
ǣƷղŲʹöҲʹرħȫƾ֮䣬Ȼͽ⵹ˡ
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˸ӳԾԭƷǻ˷㡣
ȻʥΪʱϲλӣһЩ㡣ЩһԱ˲Ʒ羹ȻĻ˷㡣
룬ⲻɺϣΪƷ򵥵֮䣬ȷĻĿ꣬򣬸ͲɺϣƺƺĿꡣ
ʵ֪㣬Ʒ˵ǾϵĴѨѨΪңҲҪһУΪǰѧʦڷʹ£Ʒ绹ǿɰ쵽ġ
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𾪣Ĭã̾ǺǣеˣȷʵвѰĹ֮Ӯˣ
Ҫллʥ޴ˣȻС׵óѡƷ繰
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˵꣬Ħ͵ĳ˲ڸ߿лһСС˵㡣
Ǻǣ˵ɡǹӣȻлǼ̫Ը⣬Ҳ᲻á
ţС͵ˡƷ΢΢ͷͷŰ˿ЦЦ
𣬿ٵԾ˷ǿı¡
С硫˿һ
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ٶһĴǾ޴ǿ֮磬Ƭ˲òڵ
͵ģһӴ
㿴ʲô
ħޣħޣ
ʥޣʥޣ

֮ˣȻۼ˷ϵľӰǴɶ𣬾һƬ
Ʒǻϲʥ޵ٶȷʵǼޱȣһգ۱嵽˸߿գֱǱɽҪһĴ̼

еǳΣԴʥǵһʧܡ
СѣоΣĦƷǰȵվڷıϣЦ⡣
оվڵذϻҪ̤ʵˡƷһЦķı
ذ壿
ÿѪ˵ԼҲǸ߸ϵʥޣȻ˵ǵذˡ
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ʥ޵Ƣͦģ

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ܿͻġİ˿֡
˻ŭ֮Уͷһ۰˵ʥŮֻһʱ䣬Իȥ
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ߣյĴԺ֮УΨֻʣ°ǸŮˡ
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ڣ˰ã̲סȿʵǹû𣿡
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ûνĺޣֻϣ˿ܹĿģͬ·Ű˿
㡫˿һĸжһͷĿĦԽϵʱĵͷ
һĿЦΣʵԼֺγֵʹ࣬Ϊʥ棬ҲΪʥ棬ȻҪʧȥ˵Ĵۡ
һ˲䣬ƺתۼ࣬ҡͷ̾ǶΪŮΪ᲻أǡ
˵ˣΪǺã˿ɰɡͻȻ˰Ļ˫۷죬һ˿֮⣬ֵĸѾ뿪ˣҲˣѵϣ˿ҲӴ뿪𣿡
˿ҧഽĬƺںʲôҲƺڴʲô
üͷһ壬ŵͷİ˿ʣ˿Ȼ˵٣ΪҲǿ㳤ġ˼Ϊ᲻֪ϲСС˰ɣ
˿һԵüΪĽţ۲밬ӡ
ߣ˿һشǾش𣡡ǿӲǵģ˿ȷʵϲС磡׶ҪĻԺ㲻ʧȥǣǵġ
͵һȻͷİ˿ͬѾİİҡҡͷ̾ˣһʥŮȱ˽Ħϼһˡ
㣿
ף
⻰ȫľסˡԼĸ׿һ̣û뵽һξȻıעˣν⡣
ǺǣʥȻʲô壬һֱܹ͢ıӻʥܲԶű˰ɡԣΪţ뿪˹͢ıӻԺʥҲǿʢһӡ
ڣЩ֮󣬰ıжˣΥĸڻˡ
סкᣬͨһǹʹ޵ףԲˣ븸ԭɡ
˿һŹڵأˮף˿ҲˣҲöײףҲḸס
ááǶΪĺŮǰķŮ
ף
ǰͰװĸףͲסһһ㣬һ˰ϡ
ǺǣˣǻˣһǿԺúžˡݺᣬֱסŮԵޱȵů
ʵڰУǰ˿ǰǶֻǸӣһҪ۰ĺӡ
ϤĴ֮УŨŨ顣
塭
Ϲܼ÷ͻȻ˽һĻбһ
ãû֣÷˱͵͵ӡ
һת÷һϣ¶һοЦݡ


480 ʥ
缫һķУٶȼ죬ȥķһĺ졣
ͻȻ͵˸ɲȻһԵĶͣ

ƷһУ԰ʧأǰ˵ȥʵ
㡭Ʒ
ˣĻصһӣаߣСӣ㻹Ʋҡ
𣿡ƷĹĵվ
ɣһ¿ȥĿƬ۶ͼ
ȷʵò˵۶ĺܴӷԲƬֵݺᣬϰ˵ڽֵĴš
رٽߴһƬģĹؾǹ۹ĺĻػʹˡ
֮⣬ǱһƬɽɽ֮Уƺر
˵͢ʥڣһԻ͵Ĺֻ֪ʥĴŷѰңȴѰ˵ء
ɽۿȥȴκεķ֡˵ʥĻǳ˻ʹ֮⣬ɽ֮У޷кν
ˣȥʥôƷɻ
ʲôǰɣĦЦʡ
ţȷʵʲôûСƷ΢΢ͷʵƷ²⡣Ϊ͢Ҫʥأôôױҵأ
ȻֻȥĻȻʲôֲˡĦص
ˡС׾ʾƷ繰ֵ
ǽվúüʶһʥ۷ɣĦЦһһǿľӿ˫һ澫⡣
֮Ʒ簵һ
ղǹϢƷԸоĦľǴﵽ˰ϡ
ò˵͢ʵȷʵǳ£ʥǿ߼࣬û뵽ȻаǿߵĴڡ뵽⣬Ʒ綼еѹ
ʱƷȫעȫרעڹĦϵÿһ
ȻεĿ֮Уǵһưİ׹⡣
׹⽥ĵԳһ޴ĿӣһƿȥƷȴȫľˡ
棬ʲôɽպձһ޴յɽ塣
ǡƷ羪ˡ
֮磬ϹŽ̻ģʹһ񼶣Ҳô׾ͿԷ֮硣Ħص˵
֮磡ƷɻЧ
Ǻǣ֮ɲЩħ硣˽ϹŽ̻ãĿռȫʵġĦЦĽ͵
أƷ粻ʡ
ʵʵ棬Ҳ˵Ǽ١ĦƽĻص
ţСЩˡƷͷȴǼ˷ܣˡ
֮磬ƷʵǴﵽ񼶵ʵҲǸС鷳οнú˽һԺҪԸĹ͢ĻҲЩ
Ʒһ𾪵ӣĦҲһС죡ýȥˡţ㡣
ǡصʥأʹԼڹ͢еλԺգҲʥط
ɣչ˫һ㣬ķƿ֮С
Ȼ͵ƿ֮ʱҲ棬ͷԿͷޱ仯ͷȴǿͷ
Ǹ߷з֮ʱǰԴһľȴٶ𺧡
ǰɱأյĸ߷壬ʵ֮УʯᾣǳһЩľۿɼе޳Ľ糤һģɽ壬ֱͨ嶥ɼǽһɫӰϡ
֮ϣҫʥİ׹⣬ãо׹ξξȴ˵ʵ
ڣ޷Ϸ涥ϡɼڵ֮УƲɼȻһƬĽȺ
ˣǣƷͻȻʵ
ʿþĦص
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ǲþأ
þǱǳطĵطĦ
طƷɻ
νطڮߣڰڽ̵ˣᱻѺ˵أ߽õþСֻϴϵ񣬳Ϊ͢ͽпܱõͷšĦ䵭Ļص
⻰Ʒзŭˣ͢ĲһİԵȻǿ˳Ϊ͢ͽⲻ¢Ȩ
ȻƷȻ¶ԼеһЦԭˡ
ǺǣʥˡĦ΢΢һЦֶµķ˵С죬ȥɡ
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ûڹĦר
һȥɼһϵӰݡ֮ϣǻվһλ꣬ȴˡ
أڹ͢УڹĦƢǷǳʹǽ̻ʣҲδû뵽СС꣬Ȼܹ٣ȷʵš
ãԾ嶥֮ʱ
չһƷֱǰһĻˡ
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ʥʿǴﵽʥǿߣû뵽֮࣬λ
ûǰλнλʥǿߡ
ģƷ类𺧡ǵ͹˹͢ʵû뵽ڹ֮͢У˶ʥǿߡ뵽⣬Ʒеѹˡ
ʱ㳡ЩصʿһǷɫнȻһԵùޱȡ
ɣĻټĹ㳡֮С
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û뵽ǷıϣֻǹĦһˣȻһλÿɫꡣ
Ȼ⻹ã˸е𾪵ľǣλɫװ羹Ե˵ĺᣬպվһλˡϸȥƷ羹λħʦǴﵽʥʦľ硣
ȻƷ䣬ܹﵽʥʦľ磬ȷʵǸѵõ츳֮šڹ͢˵츳ϲ㡣
ǣΪ˻йĦرʥأɵ۵ľǣû뵽ĦƷ羹˵Ŀ˵ЦĴӷ
ĦԷԸһǷ뿪˹㳡
Ħˡ
һʵɫ׵ӰϹϾֵ˹Ħǰ
һˣƷȻһ
ûԼйνֵˣҲԼ°ܽʥִ٤λͬλʥʿ
ȻƷ粻¶κεɫƽװȫλˣͷ̧𣬾վĦ


481 ȶ
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ͷĦƷ˵λǹ͢İ٤ִλҲʿ
λˡƷ繰
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͢Ʒ츳Ҳ٣ҪǿһֱδõĦУ굽кͣΪιĦر˿أ
ˣλСֵǣ٤֪˲вйڵӣϾܵõĦеˣǵ֮
ǺǣλǹѧԺΪ䶯ҲĦΨһڵӣ硣ĦЦ
ǣ
٤һĿٴƷ硣
Ȼ͢鼰½ĶҲָơڹ֮͢УѶλ䶯ѧԺ˽⡣
˵ֻλˣʥĶС㰬˿λѧԺֳĶСħ˫ޣʥ֮£֣ǻӵԪϵħ츳
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٤£ܾЩŤﲻԾһʱ˵
ǣ٤һۼƷʱܾϤĸооǷǳİ
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ôʶ٤һЦˣֵǽİɣ
ǰϷܽķԸλСֵȥĦ˵
Ȳˣ롫٤ÿ˵
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šƷ΢΢ͷ
ȻҪߡ
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ƷһһͷһλòĦЩƵ˹
ҲŰɫۣͷ׷ֻǿȹĦҪԵòһЩ
ǣƷһ߹ʱɫһˡ
ûλڳֹλߣƷҲߵ֣ħ
Ħħ磿
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ţǰɣĦЦЦ͵츳ܲһ֮Уõġ
лл˵Ŀ佱ٴһɪӣĿȴעƷ硣
Ʒ絹Ҳ壬ɫƽ
ɣħʵ磬ôͻȻˣ
ǰӵ˽֮ǰˡĦ΢΢һЦ
񣿡ħɫһùĦǿ治һ򵥵
ǰλǽҪˡĦͷƷЦ
СˡƷȴǰ˿ˣÿ˶ʧڡ
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ޣԭСֵܣĦȻ򣬶ƷҲԽӵĺ档
ˣ򲻿ԣСֻǸ˶ѡƷæ˵亹
ȻԺȻʲôˡĦһЦһһƷļ
һģɲᣬħ̽Եһ֮
ⲻ֪Ʒ羹ɫ䣬ȻվţĬ
ħɫЦǺǵ޵СֵܣͷӵͦӲʵģ˵ĦͷǼһѧɣ
ԺƷصû뵽ħԸͦˬġ
ǺǣȻͷҲ⣬ҲĲ飬һȻ겻ħЦЦֵãͷҶ似Ҳĸк棬ͷͽһΣ
һ㶣Ǳ߹һĨЦ綼ƷһˡͬӢһʼ֮ģС
£±ǰһ˫۽ƷЦСֵܣ似ǿѵλᣬͽһУ
˵ûκϾܼƷˣĴֻ̣˵Ʒ似ǿδĸȤ
ĦҲȥ̻ʣλԹһ㣬Ȥζվһߡ
⡭ƷˣЩ˵ǲ£Լѱά˿ǼһסˣҪֵĻ·ձȽϴ
ħƷûӦ𣬹ʵôѵǿͷҵͽ𣿡
ǡƷ羪֣æ͵СԶǰֵܵĶ֣øλʧˡ
ǺǣǱԶѣؽ棬ط֮ƾʩչֽţ㵽Ϊֹɷ񣿡ħЦʡ
Ǻðɣֵܹ顣Ʒ粻ˡ
ȻΪ͢ԼĸӣⳡԾҪӮġӮҲãӮҲҪӮøոպãҲܱ¶
ḺƷôзŭ
ţƷ似ǿᣬڲ޶ȫƾһȻܹսܽǿߡ
ڰ˵֣Ϊʥʿͬߣ似Ļ͢ʿ似ϾҪǿࡣ
ңµʵɲٽʥıԵɲһĽǿߡ
Сֵ似ǳˣ֮˵ϣСֵܹšЦȴǱеա
ˣǼλΪ֤ˣ˭ӮαԵĻõϷСĦЦǺǵ˵
С
΢ùĦóֵСô
ˣ˷ܵİͽ̡
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ţһĹâҫ𣬾ڰµУպֳһϬĳǳͨʻ֮ɫδӽĸоǳ¶Ϣ
𽣣Ծżʹ߿ԼеĻ֮˽ޱȣһı
ƷأµʵʹõĸƷʵȥ밲½ĻвС鷳
ĽأͻȻʡ
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ţ
Ʒ統һֽӹоһɱϢ
ⳤ֮ͨɫ֮ǶһɫʯһһŽ֮࣬ǳйĺסƷ簵ޣý
Ǿż߽Ϸʱ㡣ӮⳡԵĻѽˡĦ˵
ȴһżȻԶʥ󣬵ֵ
Ʒ簵ЦϻأȻ߽ھȻѽĻǿɾͺöԸˡ


482 ѩ
߽𽣣ǰˮ𣬼⣬Ħʹˡ
ȻҲΪ˱ԵĹƽѽɶھż
Ʒֽ֣Ȼ˽ǲԱѩ˵С
ϾƷȻά˿δ֣ѼԼǾԲʹˡ
ƷΪǰѧʦ˵ͨţڸ֮䣬нӴע磬似ʵǲס
ѩȻǸ߽ĻܷӴ˽ãѹ밲ͬԸҲǴ´ࡣ
˿̣Ѿվмʮףճӡ
ţҾҪúÿǲţ°һƷЦСֵܣҪ׼Ŷ
šƷ绺ĺ߽𼸷
ǣƷǹƺӵ֮㣬Ȼ߽̺ĺڡ
Ȼ䣬Ʒ֮Ȼӿһѩɫͨޱȵĺ䣬һѩ˪һ㣬԰ףѪɫ
ǣ𣿡
һպѾƷڵı仯ǹɹĹǺǶ
Ҳ֮֡ԱＤͻԳеԣƷȴȫͬڵĪġ
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٤ҲУһ˵Ϊһڸ֮ȻܽΪãֶο˵áҿѾȫ߽е¾Ҷ
šĦ΢΢ͷȴر𾪣ƷʵԽӵĸȤ
¸оƷɢı亮Ҳʵȡ֮УƷ似Ⱥȷʵ١
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͵ģ´һȫǱһȼһ㣬˲һĿϹ⡣
ûѾﵽ˽֮һ۷弶֡
ʼˣ
˫۷⣬עȴȫƷϡ
֮Уƺһ˫ε˫ۣҲڰĿƷ硣
Сֵܣ׼𣿡
ˣƷΪѩ̼ԵʣƷһɭĺޱ顣
ҿɲˣӼ꣬ŲƷӡ
ವһ
̤ϹУŵ棬һֳֽ鶯һǿҵɫâӭƷڣȥ
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һ˺Ϊ£Ҳ壬еĳڰڶļ֮£ȵϢڶ֮УӭƷһնȥ

ʯ֮䣬ǿǿһǿƲΪıӿ˿
͵ģӽȻͬѪڡ
ã˿ٵ˿ȻƷ˵ľҪԶһЩ
ٺ٣ˡ°Цٶ𽣣նĽӰ֮䣬һһϹ⽣âݺݵسƷȥ
˿ľһǿĽƣƷѱƷҪв鷳ˡ
ϧĻ˾÷ǳʧԭеλ似Ⱥ磬Ҳǲ˶ѡ
ȻĦͬ
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Сģ
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飡飡
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ѳ࿹һŶֳšƷȻ˪ʬһޱ顣ȴǺ죬ĳų𽣣ڵעڳС
ڣ±ѹôŭһҹ
͵ģһӴĶŰ˿ǿƷ磬еĳ𽣸һǿӿ

ƷһУ˿ȥҡμŽڵأֹסΡ
Ҳ˿Ʒ磬𣬰ߣһҪҲ࣡ⳡӮˣ


483 Ϊʤ
üͷһ壬ƺƷ練·硣
Ȼ˲֪ƷѾ˼󲿷ֵʵ
ڣƷ粻׷ȡʤô˵Ĺע֮УƷֻ밲ºúĥһ
񣬰ͷ֮ϣճ𽣣ϳȼһϹһڵƷ߳
Ʒɫ䵭ңɵĶŰ̶
¾þ޷˵Ʒ磬ôŭеѵֻ𣿡
ƷûлشĵŲӣǽƻһ㣬ϵ޷ƷϷֺ
ԽŭгһƷų𽣣һϬĽŰ˿绨һţ̺ŵɱΧסƷӡ
ƷȻ壬żһ㣬Ծ
飡飡
һȴȫȫ˸գԻײΪƬƬ㡣
ܲˣ
µĴЦһճݿճȥ
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ţ
ĦɫһĿƷ磬Ʒ粢ֻô򵥡
ݣ
ĳӭƷӡ
ۼһҪƷ֮ʱƷͻȻһҷžǲ̤ǽ֮УڽеƣڿշתŰµ൹ɶ¡
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͵ģ´ӾзӦ˹ǿĶӿǿڰŤתӣеĳ˳ƻ˹ȥ

һĽ֮죬⻪Ľڰ˴˲á

ڣֳֽƷе߽ɿն䡣
ɼɫȫͬĹâţ˴˵ִ
һ
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ͻȻɫݵİ͵ĳƷ¸߳һš
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ݣ
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˴ľδȻܲӡЧȻ½ͷųǿὣѾЩӡסˡ
͵ģƷһǿҵĶһ󣬱֮ϣʼһѺۡ
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ħҡҡͷݲ似ϰѾ׵׵ĸƷˡ
˼ƺѾʧȥǣеĳħ裬һĽĴݺᡣ
Ʒüͷ΢壬ۼʢҲ֮ӲƴŹһһţĽӽŰ£ʱ̶ǿһ
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˵侲֮УƷ϶š
ʱƱˣÿһʹȫÿһ˿ݣƷκηĻᡣ˿ƷѾ¸ѹŴˡ
ʱƷ˫ӹһݹ⣬ˣˣ
͵ģƷһŲٵ˰µ࣬է
һһתƷǺ˵һ˹µҲӦÿ죬һ˹ȥ

һ䣬һΣƷ粢δ𿪣е߽Ħų𽣣һ·Ļ𻨣Űս󴦱˹ȥ
ɫ䣬ջسһɫȥ
֪ɫƷ羹ǳɱ˹Ǳĺ⽣Ӱưž磬ˣԷֳ١
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ʲô
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תۣƷѾΪ˳Ҳȫɵ
ΪϵѾ˺˺ü󶴣ʹէˡ
˼ֵܣӮˡƷһ㵵İ£һЦ


484 ̻ʵĳ
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ƺûʶʲô飬㿴ƷͻȻ޴ӷһӱ㱻ˡǰ֮ķʵ̫ˣһʱԷӦľ㵡
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Ʒǿ似Ǵﵽͬʵǻ˭ܻƷĶ֡
ˣҰˣôܣţԽԽǲʡ
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ԣƷϷŪ֮УƷǰսǵȻȫޣıӡ
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ŮӳþƷֶζά˿ǷǳβС


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ģ˲Ż˹
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̫TMӸжˣ˹ǼΪŰĴţ鶼ˣ޵һͿ
ˣˣ˹͢Ħȳһ
ˣСʵ̫жˣʵǲа˹ίĿţǱ˿òþг˵ԣʵ˴۾

Ħһֱӽ˹ɳ֮ԶһõɲС˹ʹһУž˹
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û뵽д˵ȵ뾫֮ͬֻ˵ʵ̫ˡ
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ôܣʥܱѱˣ˹ˣʹӣǰĶġ
ţȷʵģĦһݣƷʵòٽй


492 ͷ
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Ʒе˻Цеİ˹˵ǺǣгСѾ쵽ˣǷʵŵˣ
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˹ͨ죬ǵ֮ǰƷģƷѱʥܵĻǿɾ͵öƷйˡ
˵ʵڵģһλòþгǹƷĻɾĶˡ
ǣΪ˹ȴֲΥ
ɣ˹һɥĻͷŹĦϣܹðһ㡣
Ϸ򣬾ȻˣǾ͵Ըķ䣡ĦһʵԼֺγƷ硣
˹һҧʹƵ䶢Ʒ磬Сӣݣ
˵꣬˹ɫһݣ¹
ͻȻƷ統ס˰˹ֵ̿ˣСֻǿЦѣǧ⡣
Ц˹ࡣ
Ǻǣ˿гôһ¹أ֮ǰҿɲûӦĶעҲֻ볤ϴ˴СĶѡƷЦһ۹Ħ
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Сֻһʱ˶ѣǱʦʵѵǴáƷǫЦ
Сֵʵ̫ǫˣղһǴʦҲԶԶȲ㡣ϷʵţΪʦ㾹Ȼ˵츳˴½һˣĦЦǺǵĿ޵
˴Կɾ͹ˣС绹ԶˡƷæҡͷص
ˣϷǫסĦƳһƷ磬һɫ˵ȻϷΪͽϷҲΥȻ֮ǰйעѾѱʥܣϷɴӦͷŲþе
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Ħϸϸĳ˼˻ǰʥܣԺܳΪ͢еػʥ޵ĻǿǴ洦ֺΪѡСֵܣʥܿǱ֮ãҲǽԽƣ⻹Ҫľ
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뵽ڴˣƷһݾɫ˵ɽĺ񰮣ʥΪʥСҪáС绹ʦСҪһʱ䡣
Ǻðɡά˿̾һ˫۽ƷЦǺǣû뵽ʥܶסˣѾǱҲǿ㣬ֻǵټԱǡ
ллɣСԵԸЧƷ缴
ǺǣǱֻˡά˿һЦһɫеʥܣоЩ죬㳯ŹĦԸϣѧԺλԺҲڸɽ˰ɣǾ鷳λ˻ѧԺɣ˳Ժȴк
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Ʒһͷɽ뱯еʥܣͨǸоʥеĲɰ¶˾ģİɣһ֮һġ


493 Ʒ
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˿̣ҹ֮ϣƯһ޴Ӱ
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ȻһϵƣֻǾ˹ѧԺƬ۶ԾŪƬ۶Ļ̻̣ƬĳǱߡ
ʵǿģԾֵĸоպһѾﵽʥľ磬ɲǳԡ
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˾һƬ˺պվѧԺΪ䶯ԵС磡
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СоƷص
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û뵽ʧ˰ĹĦϾȻڹѧԺŵǣͬʱֵľȻƷ硣
뵽⣬˶ټȥˣܹĦеˣ¾ԶԶû֡
룬͹ƾƷվǷϣƷĵλͬ˭پƷֻһ˵ݡ
λþòҹʵðλˣĦһЦһƬηڳݰ䲻ĹĦ
ǺǣܽϷѧͻأϷ򻹲ʤмأ˵أĦĻЦ
⻰ĦɫãȴֹһЦ˵Ħû뵽ȻѧԺͳôõıãϷǳʹˣԺҲǹ͢ˣʱԺȫ
Ʒ紹ͷĦ˵ЩʱѾԵıƷһʱ侹ǲ֪ȥĦǰĻʦſ
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ȴĽʼɲѣ֮ǰĦΪѧֱĦΪͽܣƷݵλ
Ȼ֮Уû˵ʦ˵ʵǿĵʦԽ࣬ȻǺôԽࡣ
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ʱĦ˫Ʒ磬ƺҪƷȫȫĿ͸һ㡣
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ֱãյĲٳֻʣĦˡ
ĬգһֱѹãƷ̲ס˵ʦԲ𡣡
Ǻǣ̶̼ʱ䣬ڵǳ˹͢ˣԺǰ;ĦЦţдŷ̡
Ʒһصʦʱ֮Сһʦжҵɻ󡣡
ߣϷʸʦ𣿡Ħһ
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Ʒ羲վţһĿɬ
ǣƷֻѡˣΪҪȥɡ


494 Ȱ
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ڵҹ֮ʱƬ۶Ҳþĵġ
ʱС֮УˣȻǾߵĳǱ
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λ򵥵һ̧һϢ꣬Ƶ˸Եһſڽ䣬һ˦Ƕӵ˶Ľߡ
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ᣡǺޣһɫ߬ȭͷ˵꣬ҼұţǱ͢ȡȻңһ㶼мǣΪ֪˭ͲŲʣΪֻСʲô
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Ϊѵ˱ǿ𣿡ĵĵ
䲻ǣȴǿƷЦЦʣ֪кƷˣ
Ʒ磡ȻһƷڹ͢Ǽ۹͢˶ƷгԿ
˵˾ͨصһ޷֮ūͶΪǿսʿУƷǳΪ˳ݵż
ʶＤˣ˫ϣ
Ʒҡҡͷ
ʲô˼Щʧʡ
ΪƷֺЦ
ʲʲô㡭㡭ﾪֵĶƷ磬ɲĺҪԼˡ
ͨһ
ﾹǹˣңһҪңңԺҪȥҲԲԥ
ǺǣҪʲôƷһЦ֪ԸΪҵ£
Ը⣡ȻԸ⣡˿СģԺЧͣͷ
㾹ȻѾԸΪҵ£Ȼ㡣Ʒ˫Ű˶٣ʣڣԸ˰ɣ㵽ΪλӷƵ´󹫾˽𣿡
ȫң˫ۻص
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ǰұʥǣӷƵ䳤Ӽӿ̰ҽɫҽӣ㱻ȥǿҸ׷֣Ҫ֪ۡⲻ֪ӷƵǺݶϼһȻΪһȫңҶӴһ٣ʹ˵ˮֱ
Ʒ֮Ҳŭˣߣھȥһ˼ӷƵ´󹫾
ɡＱǡ
߱ǣƷһץ𰬴˲ʧС


495 ҹɱ
ʱȥ࣬ڼӷƵ¹УЩȥ˲
ȻӰһԺС
Ҫ˭Ʒʡ
ӿˣҪΪȥĽ㱨𣡡ݺݵĻص
ԣһƷЦЦʧԭء
תۼ䣬Ʒȴץ˸˻ʵ˵ӿסģҪǲ˵ĻҾֱӰĸͳȻҵֶΣ
ˣ𣡡˾֣æһһĽӿ˵ס˵˳
漴Ʒ˵ţܴǾ˯һɣ
˻ûӦбϮһ˱˹ȥ
ߣƷ
ˣȵȣＴ
ţƷ粻⡣
ˣӷƵ¿ʥǿߣֱҽȥĻ»𾪶۶Ͼڹ͢ϽΧ¡ɫǡ
ǺǣǰȻڽ̻ʵѣССĹȻҲѲסƷ硣ƷڨڨһЦ
һ㶣Ʒ̻ʶɻôССĹأ
š˵ͷȴѷģƷΪԼô𣬱ض׷档
ߣúʹ죡ƷЦһһסһ㣬ǴԺ֮У
ﲻòȣû뵽ƷȻ紫еĿ£ƾһҿ϶Բһʥǿ߾Ϳ

һһ㣬ƷŰȻ䵽һԺУǿľ̼ϮƬԺ
ٶƷһЦǺǣһﵹͦܵģҲ͸õͷˣ
ˣôˣɻ
ߣһﻹûʲôȥ˱֪Ʒߵ
Һɱɫ䡣
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ţƷµľ磬ֳĶƷԱ֤⸮ûܲӷƵҲˡ
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޴󴲣м֮λ൹ǿɫӣ֮òŮӣϺĲš
үû뵽ղ⹦ԽˡһλòŮſӵӣָܷܷӵıǼϡ
ǰүҶ첻ˡһλŮһĺΡ
ǿɲУүû湻أǿû˯͵һֺݺݵıŮܡ
ͻȻһĪĴ紵˽
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һһˮһ㣬ݺݵǵ¡
MDķ磿ǲЩ˰Ÿˣɨӵˣʢŭһ˦Ůƿ
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λŮӵôڸס˽ɫֵƷ밬
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ңүزʶǲĻ̸үķ䣡
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žһ
ӸûзӦֻһӰı㰤һǶ⣬ֱ߱ӼѪ

λŮʧ󾪣ŵıһ𣬾ֲѡ
쵰
ӴһһͷƷȻԭزվšһ治ˡ
˵ԼҲǾ߱Ŵʦʵȴ֪Ĵ˼Ƕ⣬ɼǰ˿һλĸ֡
֮ģλʵҲ죬ѵһʲôԹ𣿡
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ǺǣǲǵˣҲѹ֣ˣʱһСﲻ߬ȭͷɫŤƺҪˣҧгݰĺʵӦüǵðɣ
ӿѰ˼˻ƺЩϤ
͵ģӿͻȻӦ˹ԾĶŰ˵Ǹӣ
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ߣǱүɱ㣡ӿͻȻɫһҫǿҵ⣬ӳɱ˹ȥ
ݣ
һһܳѪֱ

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ţͷӹ߽˫ĿĽżӿˡ
Ʒ絹Ǳˣֶ
ޱɫֵļӿˣһ̣飬ڿʵˡ
㡭ʲôˡӿ˿־岻ѣھţϧͲ˻
ߣʲôȻҪɱ㣡ԷģҲ̫죡ΪףСгޣŤ˰
ڣӿˣĿֵܣˣŹңŹҺҿԸĲƸŮˣһĶŮˣ
ҲϡЩҪĿǱ˵ŵĳҲѪĲš

һ̣ӿѾȫˣ


496 ɱ
㡭ҪɱҲ뿪ӿˣֱ
İɣȻȻҲܳȥ԰ϢˡƷЦ
ӿˇˣκΣʹӾʯһ㣬޷ڵĶǱһ㣬޷
żӿ˵Ƿֳ߽˼ӿ˵ǰ
ӿһɥĿ㣡Źң֪Ҹ
죡
ŭһлһϬĽ⣬̽˼ӿ˵С
ǣһƺƺһ㣬޴Ƽӿ˵ĺֱӽӿ˵ͷݺݵ˳

ӿ˺ѷΰʹţѪܵͷڵأ˴ڵѪʹֿ־Ķɱڵİĺţħħ
λŮŵ԰ף޲־壬˷ŭĻǲҲĥԼ
Ʒһɫɰоٶ
Ͼѹ޶꣬ǵҪú÷й
ʱ򣬼ӿʹཫŤŵ˹ĺˮ˿˫ۣĶŰ
ƺһ㣬Цһ߽żӿ˳꣬ȻСҿԶһ߿÷ǳʱҿҽ㵱ʱҲ㣬ɥ̵ǿҵĽ㣬ɱҽŶӣڣ˿Ϊ㱨Ļᣡһ㳢˺ҽ֮ʱİٱʹ࣡
˵꣡
ݵһӿǾֵֻӹһ⡣
꣡
ƬѪɽ˳һֱֱֻ

ӿ˷ʹţϧҲܿˣȫʹ಻ѣȴܵ޷ɶ
ħǶħ
ӿг׵׵Ŀ콫ˣӿڸ޷κһֵķ֮ڰǰӤС
ӿ˰ûڣޱȵİûڣ֮ʱڵõ˱Ӧ
ڣӿʹʹˣĥʵ̫ʹˣкƽţƺ󰬴ϣԿɱԼ
ǰɣʡ
ӿʹдſͷ
ǺãھͿ
ǣӿ˵ЩУһɲԤС
ɫһ˫мˮһ߽ûӿˣеĻš
ݣݣ
һһͣһƬƬѪɽĴӿѾֲѣֻһ˫־ӣĶڷеļӿˡ
ħ
λŮӿһĻѾȫˡ
ɱҽ㣡ɱҽ㣡Ҫ
˻ţ˫ۣˮֽ߽ҵĻӻţΪֻǷйжĳŭ
һ̣Ƭ磬ƺֻаǷ˻
ӿϢܱ߾ȾѪѾΪһѪˣ֮УǳһŨҵѪζ
ɱ㣡ɱ㣡
Ѿȫ˷״̬Խӵĺݡ
ˣ
һƷһֿס˰

ƺҪ
ţ
Ʒüͷһ壬ͻȻӿһε˰ڡ

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ˣ
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ǿθеܣͨһڵأʹţ㡭㿴Ѿɱǻ쵰Ѿˣ˶٣ƺʲôˣмӷƵ£ɱȫңҪȥ
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Ϊɾʵ̫ǿˣ߱ʥʵļӷƵ¶Ϣ֮¸е𾪣ڵ۶пС
ɣӷƵ¾󿪣ֱֲȥǿľӲǿʼ̽š
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λŮ⻰֮ɫ৵÷ס
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Ȼ˵ŮΪǮƶʲôûɫһȴǼΪջˡ
Ʒ밬￴֮󣬶ȫɵˡ
ǣƷȴһΪŵľٶס˫ۣʵ𣿡
󡭡ˣֻҪ㲻ɱǣҡǾǸʲôҲԸ⡭һŮĻص
ǣɾˣ˵ԼҲһɫƷǲмһˡЦǣƷ羹ȻסԼ˫ۣƺԵ÷ǳľ¡
ƷˣˣǸϽ·
ǡǴ˻ɱ𣿡ŮӾʡ
ن£úô·
ǡǣ
λŮɫ֣ϵ
öλŮʵʵ˵ˣɡˡ
šƷÿ֣㿴λŮѾϹϾĹڴС
Ʒ˫һһǿľλŮӵԺ֮С
λŮͫһʶ˲Ȼȫޣ˹ȥ
ߣҵݿɲܻϡƷһҲûɱλŮӣֻʹþǿǵļѡ
ţƷͷһʱȴסˡ
ʱ򣬰ƺѾӲסˣ˫۵ɵúܴǺ죬Ǳǿ֮Уȴ˱Ѫ
һĵֻƷҡͷӷƵǼһѾˣ㾲ڷеȺš


497 ɱʥ
ӷƵ¼ΪСģϢڴԺ֮С
ȻӷƵ֪ǾʵԶԼԼӷƵҲȥ̽顣
УӷƵأ˼ᵽ˿ŵѪζ
ˣ
ӷƵһҲû뵽ܺ߾ԼĶӣֻǾÿԼĶɱλǿ߲Ż
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֨һ
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һ£Ǵ̱ǵѪζϮǶȴǿһˡ
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һ˲䣬ӷƵ¸оͷѣ׺䶥ݺݵĺĿҪĲλ
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ɱ
ӷƵĿٽƷ֮ʱֱųҫ۵⣬׼Ʒؿֱ˹ȥ
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ӷƵ¿ѪŵĽƷ硣
ɱ
ʥǿߣȻƷһɱˡ
áǿ۵ɵúֱжƷޱȵĳݡ


498 ͷŵͽ
ɱˣ
ģþòܷӦ
ӷƵ¸˵ʶ֮ʱĶƷ˵Ǵ˵еǿǿߣҡķڷúܲġ
˼ȫңУܻڣ֪ˡƷҡͷ
ݵһ
Ʒһγһźݺݵ˹ȥ

ӷƵʹһֱӱƷһ߳𸮡
ΪƷ粻üӷƵԼĸУƷ罫ӷƵս𸮵ʱѿ𸮷ɵ˳Ĳɭ
Ļռӿ޹ʲӷƵʧ٣е˷Ѿͷˡ
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šƷĵ˵ͷ˵ӷƵȻȫңﲻˣԳȥҲ㹻ˡ
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Ǻǣ͢ҲҵĶ֣һɾԼȥˡƷЦ
ҲĶ֡ɫȻ
ڸңԺ˵ССļӶʥǿҲˡƷҡҡͷ
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ȻԸ⣿ƷЦʡ
Ը⣡ȻԸ⣡ллˣȻ׷棡мĵ
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Ҳǵʦ˼ԺҲĻ飬ҪĽʵȥƷ˵
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ѵǣƷ簵Ĳ²ţݶԹѧԺ˽⣬ӦǰѧԺĺɽ֡
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ûãƷȷʵǿһɽ֡
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˵һ
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ȥһƬƺʲôûУĿǰֵ֮ͨĽݡ

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ˣ
ƷɫһԭڰĿռ侹ҫһǿҵĲɫââ֮У̺еĸԪء
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Ʒ絹ǲ壬˫ۻͷ£Щ׶Ļ
飡飡
һᱬ֮죬ЩܼıһһƷϣ˿
ƷǿᣬȻЩܻƣֻ˫ЩԶѣЩǿҲǱȽǿġ
ֻǣƷɻǣԼѾʹȭˣҲǻǻΪȴ˿أ
ɻУǹĲʹ
Ȼ֮䣬Ͽ֮ӴԪ̼۳һʯ
ʯ
Ʒһٶڵھ

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һǹһĻֳˣƷֻȭͷǺĴʯ顣
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УĽУʹĽУ
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508 ӶΣ
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еĽ鼴ʱĻƷʶȻƷսʧˡ
ңƷøǻþĴ̼֮¡ȻԴ𣬵ƷǳɹͻƵµĲΣµ߲Ķ֮
˵ĻƷħ״̬ĻѾ㹻ӵаʵʥ֮ڣƷѾ޵ˡ
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죬ֻǸոտʼѡĦЦǺǣ뵱ϷڽеʱҲ˶ʮʱ䣬ҲֻǴﵽ˵ѣĻҲȵϷ
ǰʱɾͲԶˣֻﵽĵĲʧˡ޽ܷ̾һֵȷʵǿʵ룬ҲǱɡ
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ллԺ˿òԵĻӦһŶ롣
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ʱЩ˳ֵʱ򣬽Ȼɫ䣺ʥǿߣ


509 ľԮ
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510 
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˵ɣɱֹǸɣȻλɱȥԸЩˣѵ㻹ö𣿡Ǻһǰ
ߣɱֹһֱǺڰûоΪҪƻɱֹ£˵
˼Ϸ򲢲ںڰˣЩҲϷҪˣֻ˵öѡߵĻص

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511 
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룬Ҳǹ˺ЩˣеİѾ˼ˡ
ԣƷнС
ʱƷʱռʱ򣬱㿴һȺڷսš
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һײ֮죬һƬƬս֮սǷǳļҡ⼸ҲˣòѰҶĥ
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ڣƷҲɹͨĵĲ㿼飬ʽĵ㣬ҲǵųħʦĦֹĵط


512 ƻ
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һıը֮죬ЩͲƷһȭ֮УƷȭУԻΪ˷顣
֮࣬ƷҲɱԽԽ׺ݡ
𣡡
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͵ģƷսȭͷڵл֮עһȭУŭĶ׼ǵֱ֮˹ȥ
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Ʒһ˫ۣðһ㣬ǰ˽ȥ
ͨһ
ƷʵԵĵڵأֱƷ˹
£Ʒһ˫ۣž˹
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Ʒڻصĵռ䣬һлտʼֻûһȵϢƷѾɹͨĿռ俼顣


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ĿռȷʵΪ£ƷʵǿᡣĦ˹ûԤϵƷ̬ߣǻ˵ĻÿһĿռɶô״ˡ
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ͨĵ֮ݣѾﵽʮƷȻӰ졣
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飡
ʯŹرգƬռΧĻı仯
ʱ䣬ƷһƬڰԨ֮£ΧȴխСޱȡ
Ʒ˫һǿľͷ˳ȥ
Ԫ𣿡Ʒüͷһ塣
ĸӦΧۼŴ֮Ԫء
ʵҲ֣Ħ˹޷硢ϵħڻ磬磬һ㶼֡
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ȻɱСЩʯͷЩʯǾĴʯеǿҪ˸֮ƣÿһʯɶżħν̬
ħʦ˵ĻܼǱܵĻذɡ
Ʒ粻ͬݲۼԿħ֮֮ħƾƷһƤǣЩʯҲҲƷ硣

Ʒ˷ܵĿЦһЩʯǶһ㣬Ķ˫ȭǿҵɫ⣬ֱ֮ϡ
Ȼһںڵľʯݺݵı׼Ʒ
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֮ǰ˵ռľ飬Ʒ⴦ռĽҲ˰취ǱѰħԴͷ
ȻЩʯ϶䣬ȻųħԴͷ档
뵽ڴˣƷһȭֻһʯ˫Ͽһֱ⣬ǿľֱϿ˹ȥ
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Ʒ͵Ĵϲھ֮̽£Ͽսǧ֮еխСȱڣ˳ȥҲ֮ԪΪԾĵط
ܸߣʯܶҲܴ޾һƣʥ֮ʵߣżսѡ
ǣƷ粻ͬѾȫ߱ʥ۷弶ʵħ״̬Ļ֮
ĻǿɾͼˡƷһһǱڵ֮
ʱ䣬ƷϱѪɫâȫһɼÿռ
ûڿħĴ̼֮£֮Ϊһ塣ֳ𽣣һɿµעС
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һؾϵŭ֮ƷһӶȥһһѪɫĳǾ޴˦ߵʯڣһƬƬʯ
͵ģǳӭϿ಻϶µľʯ
飡飡飡
һľ죬ųһľʯռŰŻ
תۼ䣬һӱ嵽˶֮
ɼϴеֱﵽ֮ȱڣȱоѹŨ֮Ԫ
Ʒڳ֮У־ٽ׼ǵȱڱײ˹ȥ
䣡
һװľ죬޾ˣȱбը˿
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ƷȴǸоܿڵˣֻص˳ʱһƬռ䣬һħݻƷǰ
ѵĳɹˣ
Ʒһ㶣ֱǰһ۵ħݣƷ緽ⶼġ
Σ˿µĿ飬Ʒ˵̫ˣǱĦ֪ɵĴռĻ϶Ϊ𾪡
ǾֱٳƵ߲ռɣƷ˷ܵĴЦһһӡ
Ȼ߲ͨռʱһħݵѾ˰ٱһλͨʥʦ˵ƾһݴﵽ˰ٱħݶһĿ顣
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ڣƷڵĸԪ֮ԪҲģԿħҲǽﵽ˷֮ʥʦ۷ľѡ
ԣƵĻǿɾͲöԸˡ
Ʒ粻Ҵ⣬ǰԶһݾջԵħݣǰ̤һ
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Ʒɫ䣬˻ź˰벽ľ岻ѣҪˡ

һǹһΧķԪѾȫۼΣƬСĿռ֮УͻȻһǿķˡ
ȣȣ
һƷӭķ֮УȻ˺һӡ
⡭
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ңΪĦ˹ְµĿռ䣬Щôļ򵥡
ݣݣ
֮У͸оʵʵķһƬƬķУƷϮ˹
Ʒͫһս𽣣עǿӭЩķкɨ˹ȥ
䣡
һװıը֮죬Ʒ羹һ˲佫Щжݻˡ
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û뵽Լȥǿһ֮ӿǻҵķ籩֮УȻûȥ
͵ģǹǿǰ鶯ǹɿ磬Ʒӿ˻
ôܣ
ƷһȻԼˡ
룬ƷÿһɲСھȻǹ磬ʢ
Ʒԥٶǿӭǿֲһն˹ȥ
䣡
һľ֮죬ɱڰ֮ŰƬռҵĲǹ쫷ԽӵĻҡ
ǣŵľǣƷȫµһȻ޷ݻǵԭԼУΪΪֲѹţ׼ŸƷһ
ֱһĻƷ˹
ԭһռ޶ƣȴǶԲͬԵյЧжǿοռ䶼Խڷ֮ԪصһǿߵĹҪǿһЩ
£ʵ̫ˣ


514 ֮ħͻ
ռ侹Ȼ߱˷еЧ
Ȼ䣬Ʒǿйڿ籩Сһµһ㣬ŰĿֲÿռ
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ңƷͲҺҵټзٱӷĻԼɾˡ
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͵ģƷѪɫӡֱһѪâſһսף
Ȼ䣬һǿҵİ֮ҫƷѾһ׽ɫսסŽ𽣻ǰڵȫվԭزˡ
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ϾҲƷ֮ǰ̫³çˣû͸˿ռ󵨵ʹʽ
䣡
ռǿ͵һ󣬹֮Уѹһɿֲ
ƷأսףھͿˣ
ɣһΣյĶĲƷ籾ǿᣬټս׵ĵ֮Ҳڵв
ڣǹɿֲѾѹϣһħӣƷ磬ֱƷ羪һ亹
͵ģӴγһ磬һ޴ĳһ㣬ռ΢Ť
ֲʵֲ̫ˣ
ɣ
ƷһѾƴȥˡ
䣡
һɻ纣Хһ㣬ֱӽƷûˡ
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Ʒҧأʹս׻ǿҵȴǷϮƷڡ
һһǱشһһΡ
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ƷдѪǿֲ֮Уˡ
ǿʵ̫ǿˣ
ֱڣƷ֪ԼǶôĿֲ
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ƷֱӱƵǽǱߣζƺҪ˺ѿһ㣬Ѫֱ沿Ϊʹҵĳ鴤š
ǣƷһ˿ĵûУ˫Ľ𽣣ػǰ
䣡
ռ͵һ󣬱ɢɢſĲƣɨܡ
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ƷͻȻôӣǽڻڵأһֳŽڵأڴŴȷʵ˲ˡ
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Ʒ絹ǲˣƾһķûԼͷŵǹɿ籩ͻƲƷķ
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ƺǹɿ籩оƷĲмԽӵıŭ
ݣݣ
һϬķĶ׼ƷӼš
ƷһһͷϣЩеĹ
飡飡
Ǳһ㣬ЩдƷϣǻΪ˷顣
Ʒһӣ֮ǰô嶯ĻԼ㲻װװˡ籩ǺǿƷһԽɷ籩ֿס
𣡡
籩ƺԽӵıŭ޹ӿţȻֹľۺϡ
ģӴķ֮Ԫ۳һ޴ĳ籩Ƿһ㣬ڵĳƷ
䣡
һ죬޴ĳ籩͵ĳϮƷϡ籩֮ǿκβƷ
͵ģƷΪģķ˾ӿɢ˿ȥƷ޼᲻ݵıһ㣬
ߣֻǿȶѣƷ簵
ȥĻҲǰ취ȻƷҲ侲ѰһƵ㡣
飡
ƷݺݵĲڵϣɴ㾲
ǣǹɿ񱩵ķ֮ԪأҲûֹͣתΧƷܣѹǿĹ
ģƷȶ
ȻƷ粻׵ȥʹþȥ̽飬Ʒȴȥȥо
ģҲһľھͬһε
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ģҲһĽԪؾ飬Ǳʹеġġ
Ȼ䣬ƷѾ˿֮һ㣬κξš
䣡䣡
һķ籩͵ĺϮƷӣƷһһ㣬޷ŲӰ֣Եޱȵİ
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ٶƷĸоǹɱķ֮ԪءоԪصΣо˷Ԫصķŭ
ûǷŭ
ΪǶǿˣȻʧȴȫʧȥɡԣǷŭǱ
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ָоĺƷ羹Ȼ˽ȥŴеķ֮顣
ģƷҲܵˣЩڿеķ֮ԪأҪɣõɡ
ɣƷ绺˫ۣųϲõЦݣǺǣˣˣ
͵ģƷ˫һչЦһɣһɵģ
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գգķ֮ԪأΪһ׷ӿƷڡ
ʱƣ֮ԪصĲע룬׷תΪƷڵħ
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ģһⵤƷ絤еˡ
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ͻˣΥķ֮ħڴ˴λԵ֮£ƷڳɹͻƵ˷֮ʥʦħ硣
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ʵ˴ռԭĪĺô
Ϊķ֮ԪزӶѭϵģǽһֿµ󷨣ǿнԪռ֮УΪһֿµ
ԣܹĻԽաʹڲ֮߱壬ҲɷԪض˲Ϊǿķϵħʦ
ţռָֻԭģƷǰ֮պֳһħݣζƷѾɹͨˡ
ȻƷشûлָ״̬£óȻĵڰ˲㡣
Ϊٽڰ˲ռ䣬Ǿûô򵥵ģƷɲֹĵڰ˲ռ䡣
̣Ʒϥأޡ


515 ̩̹
һˣƷʱѾһµʱˡ
û뵽棬Ʒ羹Ȼ˴ͻơ
ˣǿˣƷ˹һ˫ϬӣŲԶһݽݡ
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ϾǾԵģĿʵԽǿռҲԽǿƷǵúúʵˡ
˵һ
ʯųĴ򿪣Ʒһ̤˽ȥʯűйرա
Ʒ̤ʱȴǱǰһĻסˡ
⴦ĿռĻҪࡣҪľǣ⴦ռ棬һ޿ħݵĴڡΪ˼Ǿ
Щĵ񣬱ǶܱߵǽУаÿһǷǳϣһƷ˽⣬ʵеĻٶ߽ϵʵ
ǻ𣿡Ʒ簵ʶĿ£ƷЩĪĸоľ塣
һ£Ʒɲ׵Ծȥ̽顣
ֻǣƷԵúܾ裬аγ𽣣һľǰ̤˳ȥ
Ȼ䣬Ʒһȥ֮ʱռֿʼ˱仯
ʱ䣬Щ񣬾Ǳڻһ㣬ķ׷ڽǽ֮С

Ʒɫһ
ΪƷĸӦЩʧ֮ʱһɿµϢ˳
ϢƷʵоľ塣
ԣƷоûĻϢӦþ߱񼶵ʵ
ǣҲʵ̫̬˰ɣڰ˲Ŀռ䣬޴ڣǻ˭ͨ˲㿼أⲻԵ
ǾԲģƷһ𽣣ѭǹɱĿϢš
ĵڰ˲ˣƷͷʧˡ
ǧˣܴ뵽ˣѾ˺ܶˣһװϵЦռ侹Ȼ˵Ĳš
áǿƷأƾ͸оһĪѹ
飡飡
һصĽŲӺڰԴд
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ƷһǺڰȥ
ɼǺڰ֮УֳһӰӰ޴ޱȣÿһ˵
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ڣǵӰ̤˳Ʒ
Ʒ翴ǹʱ򣬱ȫľˡ
ǰȷʵһ޴Ĺ죬֮ߡȫűըԵļ壬֮ͨͭɫͷѪɫĿ죬ӥǣĿ˫ļ֮ϣһɫͷֻһɫıףֱߣֳһѱ̵
׵׵Ĺ
Ʒ飬ԺͽȻðһϢ
Զޣ̩̹ޣӵŻذĿֲ
˵̩̹廹δ֮ʱ̩̹ޱ̩̹ػޡ
ޣޣ
ֵǣǰޣƷĸоƺ޵ˣʵҲࡣϾޣԲеôöԸ
ǺǣȻ̩̹ޣȿ鶼УƷǲ壬Ҳŭˡ
Сӣ𣿡̩̹ϰվƷǰͫ׽Ʒ磬һ޴ĺӰֶ¡
ߣڰ˲Ŀ𣿡Ʒ̩̹ޡ
û̩̹СƷ磬üͷһ壺ú֣˲㿼ǶһλߵĺҲ˵پ߽ħ޵ʵʵܴﵽǿĲΣҲܵĿҲԽǿܴﵽռ䣬ȷʵкǿʵռңʵֵҳ֣
Ҳ̫ɵ˰ɣƷ
Ȼ֮壬ֻǱķѣǴĵ㡣̩̹Ʒ磬ֵ㣬𶼿͸ʵֵ뱾һս
ԭֻǷѡƷ簵ȷʵǲòȻһ;аʵǱĻԽӿ¡
Ҳ룬Ħ˹ʵȷʵܿ¡֮УȻ޵Ĵڣֻ˵Ħ˹ʵ̫̬ˡ
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Ըˣ̩̹˷ܵĴЦһֻҪͨĿ飬ǿĵھŲ㣬һһС
ҿɸеǳҰƷһЦһڵǿŭһʽնӰ
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һ֮£һɿµĽƣȻֳһɫĳ֮Ӱݺݵӭ̩̹Ǿ޴ֱ˹ȥ
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һ죬һ֮£˲㱻ݻˡը֮ռӿǿ絶ƲŰ˿ȥ
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͵ģ̩̹һⲨȫǿеڿеƷֱȥ
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䣡
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Ʒһе˱ޱȵĻҡ
ۼֲһɨƷֻһԾѡ
Ȼ֮䣬ɨ֮𣬿ֲϮܡ

Ʒһһǰ
ʹˣ֮£Ʒ绹ǱƵ˽ߡ
͵ģƷ˫ڻһסɣȻ䷴˳ȥӿٵڿת
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һ֮£ƷһӼת֮£缫һӭ̩̹Ǿ޴ͷ­ϯ˹ȥ

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䣡
һ𶯿ռľ죬ݺݵײ֮Уһ޾Ŀֲˡ
һ棬Ʒ羹Ǳأ㱻˳ʮ֮Զ
ÿµʽ̩̹ľǿ֮£ֱжо΢΢֮У˰벽
벽һʽһλ޷˰벽ɼƷһжôǿᡣ


516 ޵
Ʒأ°ĺ𽣣ǿ߲۷֮ʹܴﵽǿһУȻ˺ȻֻǷڰоԻλǿߡ
ͬʱ̩̹ҲľԽӵͣЦƷ˵Ǻǣǿܸ߱𣿱һסģĦ˹ҲǻܸȤġ
лˣСΪƷ硣Ʒص
ˣ̩̹¶һ˿ɫ
ǣڼˡƷ絭Ļص
ڼ壿̩̹ˣû뵽ȻССڼҲ˲ţ˵츳ҪӵĿ£
½֮У˭֪ڼ岢ӵĴѪֻһѣϵʵɱҪԶˡ
ƷأȻֻʹ˾˵似ΪĿߣ̩̹޿ǷǳĿɲǹƾ似ܴ˵ġ
ԣԣƷ绹λʵǿħʦ
ħ˫ޣСС;ܴﵽ˾磬ǵĦ˹ˣҲԶ㣬ԽԽˣһսһ㶼ʧݣΪȷʵӵʸ񡣡̩̹޴Ц
л˵Ŀ佱ˣֻСи⡣ƷʵĦ˹ˣʵжǿ
˵Ħ˹̩̹޵ϲ¶һ˿η֮ɫЦǺǣڵĻĦ˹˿νǴ½һšħ˫ޣ̶̰ʱ䣬񾳡Ħ˹˲ӵżǿ츳Ҳһλڷܵţʱ䣬Ϊ˴½һǿߡǧ֮ǰħǿ˽·磬˴½ս׷ǿ֮ս䡣
ǺأƷȤǧǰĴ˵ƷҲǷǳҪ֪ġ
Ϊⷲ½֮УƷеô򵥡
Ħ˹Ĭã¶һ˿ˣ̾Ħ˹˳֣½ǿߣħ壬½ϧľʧˡ籾ػ̩̹ӴʧˡԭҲҪʹˣĦ˹ȣӴ˱׷Ħ˹ǡҵķȴ棬ػ֮ҲΪ˵ȴһλԳɹͨˡ
˵ţ̩̹޽Ʒ磬Ц㣬ϣͨˡ
ҶȫһԵġƷսڣ˶٣ʣ֪ǣĦ˹ںδ
ĻʱǲشģԺܹﵽͬȵľ磬ʱ֪ˡ̩̹޵Ļص
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ˣ˸㣡̩̹ͻȻȻǳ㣬ΪܶԸɲŶ޷ͨĻҲֻܺܿϧĽͳȥˣ
İɣҾԲʧģƷһһٵĻص
ȻƷ˫һ죬Ǳصһɿֲа֮ʼš
ǡ
̩̹޾סˣԵĸӦƷһɿа֮պѾԽʥ
ֲʵֲ̫ˣ
ΪƷʵ̫ˣ˾Ѿﵽ˰ľ磬ǾĦ˹Ե˶ᱻƷסˡ
桭Ǹ̬Ĺ̩̹૵İƷҲԽӵĸȤ
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½֮УжƷһӾ̩̹δġ
ˣǿ㹫ƽһս˰ɡƷЦ̩̹ޣɭɭ⡣
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517 
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͵ģ̩̹޿һڵıǣ޴оⲨƵռ䶼ڲ
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ΪٽĹѧԺǿ֮£̧ȥɼѧԺ֮УȻһ޴ӰԵ˵׳ۡ
ȻѧԺ˶ȫˣ۶˶ۼ֤ĵһĻ
ΪǶĿõʥޣһǳȺʥޡ
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֮ͬ䣬ǻԻϵĹʥ֮УԭĿеά˿ͻȻ˫ۣʲôȻͨĿ飡
뵽⣬ά˿أͨĿ飬ζʲôά˿Ƿǳ
ţά˿ɫɱ


518 ھŲ
ǺǣЩһɵҪ͢Щһעˣ̩̹ҡҡͷ
ˣҿ»Щ鷳ˡƷɫ΢䣬ѧԺ͢˽ӽֳ϶Ӳά˿ռһ۵ס
İɣ棬Ħ˹˵ľ󣬾̻ʶһ̩̹֡Ц
ҵĵĲ⣬뿪֮󣬹͢˱ȻҲɡƷҡͷ
⣬츳пħʣ֮ڴﵽ񾳲⣬СС͢¡̩̹޵ЦοѾͨĿ飬ĶԻеϲұ𻹴ӦһСǽ̻ʸһֵĻսʤ
ʲôƷ˫һ
Ǻǣڵڰ˲ĿΪռ顣ս֮ޣҲ֮衣սΪ𣬿ϧΪ֮壬ȴԵõ̩̹һ壬ӵΪµǿĿħЩơΣ֮ʱһν֮Ŀħǿʱﵽûġǿ似СС͢ֻǱĵǡ
ģƷһ㶡
Ǻǣڸ˵Щ̫˵㣬ԺԻ׵ġֻԺ󲻵̫¶â򶨻ֻΪ½Щ¾Բеô򵥣Ħ˹Ҳһܽˡ̩̹ѵ
лл˵ָ㣬С࣬ԺԻڷܿޡƷ繧Ļص
ħ֮ơ̩̹ЦЦ˫Ʒ磬ȤζЦ˸㣬ʵĦ˹ҲһͬΪħ֮壬ţ㶨ᳬԽĦ˹ˡ
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৵һ£۵Ĺâһа㣬ϮƷ˫֮С

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ͻȻƷʶͿҪܲסʱһɴİϢԺ֮УԭƷҪģʶٵĻָţǹİϢҲǱԽӵ
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ҪľǣﻹиµĵطǾиǳµ칦Ǿǿת˲Ϊǿߡ
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Ǻǣҵ治ⲻҪġƷЦˡ
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ȻƷżĻǿдƿռ֮Ļûһʱ򣬾ԲǼ򵥵ͿԴﵽġ


519 ޾
תۼ䣬ֹ֪ȥһڵʱ䡣
ƷȻУ̿ȫȻ֪Ķ
ռԪأһ޵ԪأҲһǿԪأظԪء
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Ʒ䲻ڸħòҪһʱ䡣

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λڹ۹֮߾Ŵ䡣
һطһƬмĴԭֻµĴϮԭѾγһƬһƬĻĵء
ڳǵĻһȽϻҵĵطΪ۶Զܵ۹ļܣԳ˼ʶȽϸӡʹɱˣֻҪֳ̫ĶǲܵġϾҲǳз飬Ҳܲˡ
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ʧϡһ£Ƭ׷ͣ˶ƶ
ˣ
ϵˣţľ亹
һƽԶĿ⣬ȴǾ޵ĺŮϡ


520 ֮
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530 ֮ս£
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534 ǿ
̼䣬˶Ʒĳָסˡ
ΪƷʵ̫ͻȻˣֻѧԺѧԱʶƷ磬Щ˶ѾħѪС˸ͶƷӡֻǾƷܹŹֶѡ
ô
˺֮еǣңϵƷ磬ȻһϤУֻ˵һʲôо
ߣһëͷСӶѣõ˽ţײмһЦıָеʵΪĿЦ
Ȼ˹Ҳֻһѣ˵ĳʵսеľƸ͸ı䲻ʲô
ʱƷɫصų¥֮µǵǵѪɫŵĺڰ֣ÿµħ󣡡

Ʒüͷһ壬ںڰסһӰʹš
ƷĿⶨһϤӰʱɫ䣺˿
ñɵֶΣ
Ʒһ߶ųǺڰгȥ
Сӣ
˴󾪣Ƿ
Ʒ羹ȻڵħгȥѵƷ绹ŻƺųƾҪסħѪ
ȻħѪҪʵϵĲ˵㣬ɺ˹ȼʥǿߣ޷ȥħ󣬸˵λͨˡ
̼䣬һƬ˫Ŀ⣬׷׶Ʒϡ
ֱ֪ɫмҲ˵˶ƷľٶΪ޴
һ̣˲ŵһĻȻˡ
ۼƷǳҪǺڰ֮ʱ
͵ģƷ緭ӣ˫һһռתƣ
৵һ£
Ʒ羹ƾʧˣǳǺڰ֮⡣
ˣ
˴󾪣ʵ̫ˡɺǶû嵽׷ʲôˣƷӰͻȻһʧˡ
Сӣôܣʥȫľסˡ
ˣսе˶סˡ
ռħ
ڰаħΪ𾪣־Ȼ˴ħˡ
ʵħѪиȱ㣬͸ռ֮ߣɵѰħѪĸ㡣ЩԭǴģֻڹдﵽһǿ׼ʽһ˿ħ֮Դⲿ롣
оǣ߱ħѪںΪһ壬ħƣʩҲҪ⵽صķɡ
ȻĵھŲռ䣬ƷõĦ˹ױ˿µħѪȻһĽ⡣
ģƷѾħѪУȶǿľħе̽˹ȥ
֮ôܣаħĿ֣ŵвħӰƷ磬ŭСӣǾȻˣǾͱųȥˣ
¡¡
һľ죬кѶһƬƬʹİȺӰš־֮ߣ£ڵѪҺħɡ
УҵøϽ󣡡Ʒ˫һѾ߱˿ռ֮壬Ŀ͸ħռĹ졣
󣬹һʮ㣬нʮõİ취дݻе㣬ķ㣬ûѭѾǷˡ
ħѪµĵطǴݻ˵־ҪӰ죬Ҫ߱ǿ־ҪıľΪƷȻ߱ħѪƷ˶Ӱ졣
ߣˣƷһ㣬ǰƯһȶѪɫš
£ƷڵһͳһȭѪкȥ
룡
аħŭһһ˲ֳһֱƷȥ
ⲻ֪ƷհЦЦκ
һ
ǻѪţը˿˳ƬѪ
㡭СӣаħŭȻƷһѡ
ˣ
ѪűѣƬռҵƷѾɹݻһ㣬ħѪ˼֣˵ʹҲż˼֣аħʹֱС
ϾħѪʩǹġÿһĻȥаħϸһʹࡣ
ⱰСˣĿռаħǷŭĽ
Ʒһ㣬ߣ㻹˼˵ɡħѪ󣬱ΪԶŽʵδߣǿз󣬱صù徫ѪֶμΪ̡ڣҲֻ֮֮ѣ
Сӣ㵽˭Ϊλ֪Щаħʵ
ߣһ֮ˣбҪ֪ҵ𣿡Ʒһ͵ĻһȭֺݺݵĻһ㡣
쵰аħʹһƬɫռҵĲȻ۳һɫ磬ݺݵƷȥ
˵ûõģƷһֹʧˡ
ǿռħƷľ磬ȫСΧж̾˲ƣټƷٶȣƷѾ㹻ħѪĹˡ
飡飡
һľ죬Ǿ޴ĺڰ֮УϵĴǿҵ
ѾȫˣȻħеľȴԼħеѾ֮ǰҪ΢תֻ࣬ʱʱаħʹŭ
Сӣ˭
ɫ˸ɻôͻȻðһλռħʦأ
˼ľǣ꾹ȻܹħѪǿǺųǿħ󰡣
ʱħѪѾ䣬ʿԽӵĸǣĻɱ˴
ս֣ѾʼĿʼŤתˡ
ħУаħѾȫˣаħͷŵĹٶжǿ죬׷ƷĿռٶȡ
о治ƷԵü˷ܣһţһƻ㡣
Сӣͣ£ͣ£аħڿɥĽкš
û湻أƷһɫһȭִݻһ㡣
¡¡
ħ಻ϵţħѾҪˡ
飡
һ죬һ㣬ֱƷƻˣڵħҲʣһĹǼܶѣаħĲҽҲǱԽԽ
ߣڣý˰ɣƷɫһ͵һһȵĻƷȼ
ħ
аħԽӵľҲȫľˣû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼλϵħʦ
𣡡
һ޴ĻƷϯѾҪѵĺڰ֣һǿҵĻ⡣
ǣ
ǿҪħѾҰˡ
Լڻ֮УƷƽչζһ޴Ļ
һĻʵ̫ˡ
û뵽Ʒ羹Ȼλϵħʦ
۹ʱ˵õɫƷʩչħ̾ĸо

аħЭĴš
ˣƷɫһϰĳŭƣ
ŭƣżħΧĹħԸѾƲħѾ㹻ˡ
䣡
Ǿ޴Ȼбըʣµз㣬̼ǻĻиȫʴˡ
䣡
һؼɲһ޾ľˣһǿҵĺڹ⻯Ʒ磬ӿܣʯɣһӰھбƷɡ
ʱ䣬֮䣬һΰ㣬ڰʧаȥطɫѾָԭĳɫɵһƬƬԲѵӰн˲Ҳˡ
Ȼ֮УһɫӰ׹¡
ݵһ
һϬĽ⣬ֱӴ͸ǵɫӰؿڡ
ɱˣ
ȫڰ۹һڰħʦȻɱˡ
ôܣаħѪĳһʶ˫ۣǰһƷ硣
аħȲʵǣû뵽ԼĽħѪ󣬾ȻһСӸˣԼǲƷС
ûʲôܵģħѪ󣬱Ϊ֮ûңȻˣƷ˵
ݺݵģƷһаħʶ˲ʧͨһӸ߿׹䣬ˤһƬĵ⽴
ǿ
һ̣ƬսͻȻϢ˾λʵµˣԺг𺧣𺧡


535 ֱ
ԺģЩԭħˣγһ㣬׷˫ۡ
ô£
ɻɭҲȫľסˡ
ħѪ𣿡ɭľɫп֪ħѪж£ƵĻҲֻǿ߲
ǣһôͣ
˿˹ʶԵЩңƣ۲ѡ
ͻȻ
һ˻֮
ǣ
˲ѭ̧ͷ㿴ϿƮһɫӰǳ
ȻɭΪ׵й͢ħʦȻ֪ĳֵζʲô
ǣսеĹѧԺеѧԱڿĳ֮ȴȫˡ
С磡
磡
˿еѧԱһ
ɼϿ֮һϤӰ䣬ڳϡ
С磡С磡˿ˣҲĿˡ
ΥףϤӰڻǳˡ
˿Ʒ磬۷ţѵµħλ˸ƻģ
ߣȻ˼ɫԼĻȣһ㶼ȥмƷ磬ƷԽӵޡ
Сӵ˭װᣬʵ˵˵ãɳǴ½֮Ум˻Ǵ˵Ķ֣˱ɱ
ħｻҺͰˡ׳һ˫ԶƷ磬СӾԲţ
룡
˹ŭһֽȥ
ȣ
˹һ᳤էţһǿĽ嵽ʥǰһɨ˹ȥ
ɫᣬڵĺڰ֮ĿͻȻޱȵٵĻһһٶ˻˹һ
䣡
һ죬ǿĽΪһ壬һĽ֮ӵĹ⻪ӿɢľˣ˹ĳŽһѷ¡
˹ų̫СҰˣɫ䣬ͳŰħ˺ȵȥҸСӸɱˣ
ǣ
ħ밵һڻҵսȺ֮С
ʱƷ۵Цݣ߳˫һǱİ˿Ľ䡣
С硫
˿סֿˣЩˣֻھ㶵ĽƷ硣
ģأվڰ˿ǰ
Ʒ밬˿˫۶ʡ磬ƺֻһ㣬˽ȥţһӱðˡ
þãƷԲˡ
ûС˿ҡҡͷȴһίӣ˫˸Щ⣬˸а˵ղĺÿ£ΪѾˣҲˣģú¡
ڲû𣿡Ʒ΢΢һЦüͷʣսս㲻֪ǺΣյΪûоܾ
֪Σգ֪ǣ㵽жںң˿Ʒ磬ǰ˵Ļ
ƷһŰ˿һκˮӷỨԵóˡ
˵ʵˣ˭ҲĶ
ΨƷ磬һʱǽܲˡ
˻ƷЦЦʿһ֣Цɡ
˿һ㶣Ʒ֣ɫһ죬Ʒ˼ɬĽֵݵƷϡ
󴥵磬˿ǴӰ
ţƷһĽ˿͵˳ϣ˿ɬƷǰһҸĽƷӣȻ˽ӽȥƷϢ˿ֵĶιȥˡ
˿ĻȻֻĽʼɵķˡ
ˣƷ˵
˿һͷһЦ֮
ţƷɫһ߶ųһתǷսȺĺ߽ߵܺãһǸ۵ģСϣ
˷ܵ˻һٵıŲӣ۴׹⣬ڵսɱȥ
սʿħʦ
Ʒаγ֮ʱѾѡ֮ǰƷѾչǿħħѪ󶼱ƷħݻˣѵƷ绹սʿһļս
һĻʵ̫ˡ
ǳ׺׷õƷ߶ųһӱǻҵսȺ֮С
ݣݣ
һĳì˲佫ƷΪĿ꣬Ÿ򣬼Ʒ硣
ƷȫȻ壬˦ֱһ

һƬĽ֮£ʯ֮䣬һĳìƷһΪ롣
ʲô
һεľֱ˫ۣΪǰһĻȻġλʵǿˣλµħʦľսʿ
סס
ƷѾ˻սУһЩѾʼڴȽˡ
ɱ
ʮλˣеĳŵΧסƷ硣
˿аȫеڳϣƷӣµʹԵǿ˾˿ȴ޸оκεľ£ӵһҸ
ʮλˣȻŽʦϵʵƷѹû
𣡡
ſһ£һɹһЩӿȥ
Щɫ׷˿
ʱһ֮УһϵƷ磬ЯŮһֳֽ֮

ƷŭһһԺɨǧ֮ƣһỮϮһεĽֱʮλ˵ӿ˹ȥ

һĲҽУɼһƬƬѪ֮УʮλѪء
һƷһʮλ˸ͨͨɱˣʵ˵Ŀ¡
Ʒɫᣬ߶ųƺѰʲôǻսĴɱȥ
Сӣһǣ
һ³λǿ׳ţͷֿžľ߼л֮ƣƷȥ
Ʒһ˫һܱͽȻƷǿľٿ֮£ٵĲľС
䣡
ϯȥ˲㽫ľپˡ

λţͷ˽Ϊ󾪣ɫһˡ
һ̣Ʒ羹ԾնתϬĳֱеһλţͷˡ
ţͷɫ䣬˫ȭǳ׾еĽֱ˹ȥ
ݵһ
ţͷ˵˫ŻδһϬĳѴ͸ţͷ˵ؿڣƷߵߣ
ɱ
һŭһλţͷˣǳǳϵİ˿ȥ
ƷĮһתͷһɭɱ
͵ģƷ緭һת˫ѾţͷͷһŲ̤˹ȥһţƷٴһԾţͷ˱ĵ˵ϡ
ɣ
ţͷѾȭͷֱɫֵİ˿
һȭٶȺܿ죬ǿƷ졣
ವһ
Ʒţͷ˵ǰһĽţͷ˵ֱֻ۸նһƬѪѪ

ţͷ˺ѷΰʹһһְǶϱۣɫʹ˼
Ʒٳ˸Ѫĺ⣬ʹ죬ϧ޴ߵˣúܲҡ
ٷϻ
ţͷ˴ŭǿʹ࣬ŭһȭֱƷȥ
Ʒ͵һţͷ˵ӡ
ţͷ˾һȭ
ݣ
һ֮ƷѻӻеĻţͷ˵ϣһǿĽŰţͷ˵ϡţͷ˸һ㷴ûУֻ˲Ĳҽ֮
һ
ţͷմѪĵȥֵıͻͫףԼǰжôʹࡣ
ÿµĽ
ʵǿģȻ֪ղƷĽε˵á
ΪɣƷղŻʱ̣ܶţͷ˵壬ȴƷལ˽ȷʵʵݾ


536 ɱڰʥ
ȻЩ˲˵رǿȴպ֤Ʒǿ󽣷ʵ
ţƷ緭һԾسϣһŰ˿ЦʣǺǣ𣿡
ڣʲô¡˿ɬ绨ŵЦˡ
Ʒһͷ̧ǻսе˺
ȻƷע⵽սһϤľӰ֮ʱƷ͵һʿţѵ
Ʒ㳯ѭһۣǿľ͵͵սС
ڣƷ緢ˡ
Ƿɱ֮УеϤӰЩɱš
ûǷָǡ
磡
Ʒ簵˫ۼѾˡ
ڣѾȥˣֵܶˣ˳
˿ˣǿҪɱȥƷɫһݣǻҵ˺֮Уڵɱ˹ȥ
ס
ΪƷĳ֣ĪĿֻţҲΪƷħѪǲŻԵ˵ȥƷ硣
𣡺𣡡
һ׺ˣŸݺݵƷȥ
ʱƷ߶ųȵһ㣬Ĵڻҵս֮УҲûٶЩչɱ¾
ֻǣʵû취ʱƷڵסԼ·ĵоƷ绹ǻὫնڽ¡ҵĴ֮Уڳʥǿ֮⣬û˻ƷĶ֡
Сӿ治öԸʱʱע¿մƷ硣
һ
˹һ׸Щ֮ԶףڿɲǷĵʱ򣡡
ݣ
˵꣬ڻ˹ڽһѳźڹϬֱ˹ıشȥ
˹͵һŤתһͦȥ˹ȴǷƵ˰ڵࡣ
ʵ˵ֱһ裡˹ߵԵնһ̼ӻһǿ޴⻡â
ɫ䣬ҧأ֮ĳ𳤽ӭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬һ޾ľˣȫҵһ𣬿Ѫɫ׹֮Զ
ת˹ɫŭİףЦʥ֣ԶԶǵĶ֣ںܿϧֻ밵׵ĻҲô׾ܴҡ
ٷϻʤδ֪أ״ŭһ𳤽ĻһĽ˹ϡ
˹趯еĳһߵֵţһ߷Űס
ױΪƷĳֶЩңͣѾʧȥǣǱ˹ơ
¡¡
֮Уüޱȣ˹ʵԶΪǿᣬΪڸ߿գȻĸоƴ֮Ŀ½
ڣڶ岻ˣ˹;Բ֡
֮£¿մһħ밵Ѿ˻ҵս֮УһɱһеƷȥ
͵ģ˫¿δеһ֮Ӱ߶Сӣܲˣ
ಣ
֮УٵĳһɭĺâĴδܵƷ硣
ȻܶеĻ˹ע⵽ħǶѾɱ֮УֵǣԸĲ
ǣƷ磡
ã
ɺһȻ֪ƷʵҳĻҲʵ̫Σˡ
ңڿǰħͬʱ֣ǿɶ߱ʥ򼶵ʵƷʵǳΪɺɲôһ˲žˡ
ǣ
ɺһ
ų˺еͻȻӦ˹һ˺ѿʮλ˵嵽ɺǰųк·Ը
죡Ǹˣǣɺ˻ҫһ⡣
ףһͷѶԴ˲ޱȵĺ棬ճֱǻ춷дϮȥ
ɺմɺ˹ȻҪȥֹǣǰλǿʿɺǿ֮սʿȻǱɺһ˸ѹסˡ
棬ǷǳĻҡ
ɱŭҽһƬһƬǱز֫壬ѪƺѾȾƬأ޵
ʱƷ߶ųٵ˾ƻĶһ㣬磬˵Ʒ硣
Сӣ
ͻȻһǻҵսȺ֮УڴֽճƷͷϿձȥ
ݵһ
һ׺ĽֱֱĳƷǱȥ
˿ɫһСģ
ƷнųӣȻǳӸŤתһȦƵ˰ڵҲࡣ
С
Ʒһ˷ܵĸһţͬʱһڣֱڵ˹ȥ
һ
ߵݣԵĿǺڰϵʥǿߣ˲˰ڡ
Сɫһ˫һţֱƷٵԾ˹ȥ
ߣ
Ʒһǰڡ
ߵ𣿡ǹȰĺӰ͵ֵƷǰ
ǳһͣ£ǰڵһȵĻ档
䣡
һӿȥɫİȴǴ֮гɱ˳Ƿĳֱ˰˿
˿ֵĵɴӣǽųһޱȵϢֱð˿иеޱȵľ֣ԭԼ˵Ľӽ
ۼһϮƷ練Եú侲˸е
⡭
ھһ£ΪǴ
Ʒ翴ǸëͷСӶѣܲǿʥɣ
뵽ڴˣڱ޼ɵͦ˹ȥ
һҪа˿ʱ򣬾Ʒ֮УͻȻֳһѶ̶̵ķɵɲһ⡣

˿һ±˫ۡ
ˣ
еΧ˸ĶһĻԲΪ°˿Ʒ绹ܻ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죡
ݵһ
ͫױۿɼһϬ۹ֱϮ
죡ʵ̫ˣ
û뵽ƷʹððȫӦԭ㣬ϧѾˡ

һҽУǷɵǾ׼ĶŰڵĿд˽ȥֱƺѪ罦ԭ֮еİڣǱǷɵء
漴ͷһᣬڷ
ҡ˿һ˫ۣһ°ӡ
ˣˣȴǰڣ
ʲô
˿Ļѳ׵ıסˡ
úڰϵʥǿߣԭռĹƣȻƷ͵Ϯˡ
־壬Ʒ羹˵İȻԽʥǿ߸һɱ˭ȥӽƷ磿

һŭ֮ŭİħȴͻȻȺгɱ˳ٵƷɱȥ
Ʒɫһݣת֡
ವһ
һǿҵԤ׵ĳŭеĳպ밵ħˡ
㣡
ħһĿѽƷΧû뵽ʱ򾹻⵽͵Ϯ
ӦɣһֱħϺỮȥһ
ħΣ֪Ѿ޷ֵΪ˱ħǿнһŤת
ݣ
һȥȻûħ˺Ƿĳڰħǰƿһ̵Ѫڡ
ħʹһУ˳ȥһŵأݺݵĳǡ
Ʒһͷ㿴һɱ˵ӣ̲סһڽ˳ȴǰĸж硭


537 սеĶӰ
ֵ֮䣬˽ӽ
Ʒȴǲϡ
ǣۿԼĴ磬ƷлΪģһʱƷĿ⾹ȻЩˡ
˿ע⵽Ʒɫ仯̲סʣС磬ǣ
ǣҲҵ硣Ʒص䣬ԵЩʹ
磿˿һǡ
ǺǣڻܽԼݱ¶ȥһս֮ȻȥġƷ紫밬˿Ժ
ʱһƷ磬ֵܣһͽˣҪȥʲôȥɣ
ллƷӦһȴа磬лл㣡
ߣ
Ʒһ߶ų˾ȥ
ߣħһƷ׷ȥ
ߣĶңһһ˰ħǰ
һСѣ˲񣡡ħŭѣճǱǿһỮ˹ȥ
˫һгǿҵ⣬ӭŰħһ㵲˹ȥ
飡
һը֮죬̳ħ˽Ǳ˳ȥ
ǿء
ߣһﻹЩѲħ
ԭħʵҪǿһЩ֮ǰ͵ϮɹЩˣȻǰħĶ֡
ԣһսҲƾˡ
ʱƷ߶ų׺˴֮С
סɱ
ЩѾˣû뵽Ʒ羹˷ĳӪˡ
һ͵Ĺ׷Ʒȥ
ƷȻ壬ֻҪʥǿߣƷȫɵĻ
ݣݣ
һһƷǶĳѾƽĵնڵأ˾ѾԵøӵĻҡ
ˣĹҲԽӵң˾Ѿʼıˡ
ǣ˲ǣƷ˾ӪУҪʲô
ѵƷһ֮ȥսʮ˾
ڵо֮еİ𣬴ʱѰ׷Ʒ

Ʒüͷһ壬ڰĴڣƷָơ
ǣƷȴװһ㣬߶ųҵ˾УȰӰ׽
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ÿһʿƷ㷢ӵĻʵɾʹˡ
ţƷΪеĳسϡ
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ųʵȻʵһƷɺЦе˵
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ڵоδַ֮ʱҿȥָǵĲƷص
ųȻˬ죬зųָػԽӵǿ󡣡ɺЦˡ
˹ҲûʲôϾƷԺɶʥʿŵˣôɾͶˡ


545 ֵ
˺գƷΪŵָ
Ȼ˵Ʒ粻Ǵǿ似սеһЩ򵥵似ʽƷ绹ǻָġ
ϾäĿ׷ǿ磬似ϵоʵǲĿʽ򵥵Ļֻмն̵ȣЩʽĻûдﵽѹʱͬжʽ϶ЩɣǾǰܶˡ
ԣ⼸ƷϰȫµĽʽбʿϼɡھƷϤָȻδŵսԵˡ
ĬϣвƽҲǶƷԽӵǣʹƷɥᣬ˵жƷҲǼΪ𾴡
Ȼ⼸˹ɺ˲óеһЩ֮⣬ʱʱҲǰ鿴һƷЧҲǷǳ⡣
ģҹĻ٣һʱȥˡ
սѾаˡ
ʱҹڳУҲʱоУ¥֮ϣǧڱءҳ˻˹ɺ֮⣬ʥǿ߶ÿҹأԷо͵Ϯ
ҲϢʱ
ǲϢ˴ǰǰǰš¹⣬Ļһǵϡһƽһ㵭⡣
ͻȻʱ
һ
źȻһĪˣֱѾеǾ˹
˭
ǲɾʶд󿪣˫۳ɨ˹ȥѾʼǰĳˡ
ңһϤƷӰ˳
һˣ龪ЦЦǺǣԭǷųû뵽Ȼҹãɡ
ƷûлӦǵĻȻһ֣֮У˲㱻һεΧˡ
ûӦþǽˣĶֻгƷ羫ˣſܻӦõӦ˵ⷿǳİȫȥСĸǽж
ȻҲоˣЦЦʵų֮٣Ѳرܸ˵ɣ
Ǻǣû뵽һ˶㲻𣿡ƷЦ
ȻĻǵֵҲӦõΪֹ˰ɡƷЦӡ
Ʒһ㶣ʣʲôʱ²⵽ģ
Ųʾ֪ܲڵ似ϿǶõġ룬ҲֻˡƷ磬ɻ˵벻׵ľǣΪò仯֮ǴҸойϤϢȻҿɲȥݡ
ǱˡƷ΢΢ͷ
͵ģƷӿһɿֲϣ䣬еľҲƺҪǿѹб
áÿ£𾪣ƷͷųϣоĪѹƷʵɡ
ȻΪ𾪵ľǣǿ֮£ƷòѾ˹ı仯
ԭǵɫĳƷƮ֮£ľȾΪ˰֮ɫԭòŤŲű仯ָƷӣͬǶͷ֮ϣպʾһѪɫӡǡ
ǡ
ǾĿɿڴǰĻƽΪ˼һĻ
һˣȻĸıòҲʵ̫̬ˡ
öˣƷһϤչ¶ǵǰЩĻ硫
áǳͷǰδϤף֪ʱǵѾЩᣬ૵˵ԭ½еĴԶģıǿˣ
ǱǿࡣƷȴ֪˵
֪ͻȻɫת䣬ʵ˵峤ɱ֮£ǳ֣
Ʒһ㶣ŭʵ磬ѵĴ𣿡
ҲţΪҵ׵ܵܡҡҡͷʣǺãȻ²ģΪβ
ƷɫһݣԺвɸֳԽס
˵
Ǽʹ˳ǰγƷ磬˵ĻǾݹҶֵ֮飡
硫Ʒǣ˫ȭ߬ҧгݵΪԽ
ϣһ㶡
ûɱ峤Ӧ˵ԽҪң峤Ϊ˱ҶԽˣƷʹ޵˵
ܣѣ˵Դ峤󣬴һֱȫĴ񣬶峤ְ֮ҲһֱǿȱţͲɱ峤ҾǴɱ峤峤Ҳ׼ԶԸģ
磬ˣҶˣƷҡҡͷвԳһµʵ磬֪ʲô𣿡
峤Ǵ󾪣ʵô
Ҳ֪峤ɣҲζʲô˼ɣƷ絭˵
峤Դʼ洫УѪ֮УҲȡ峤ǻص
û峤ĸԸҲ޷ǿджᵽ峤Ʒ򶨵˵ǰұѺ峤峤ǹѺصأ׾ͿѣҲ峤Ծҳȥ֪ԽͻȻ֣û뵽ʵ˾ˣ峤ҲԽһ֮У峤Ҳƴŵѣ֮ԲΪһԽĶ֣ʱһһս֮ұضԻһˣϴҵ
۽Ʒ磬Ʒһ϶еףջеĳ˵ԭľ࣬Ȼ븸ײµû
ףƷɫһʣأڶԽûжǲ
ûУǶܺãǶѾ뿪ڼ壬˻ʹٻ塣˽¶˵ԽܾĻͽԸһֱڰеԽʵݣΪԽпµɱ֯йأ˵
ɱ֯
Ʒһ˼˻Ȼѣԭˣ
ʲôɻ
ߣԴԽĶ֮һֱ⵽ɱ֯׷ɱԽһɱ֯Ѳ˸ϵҾлѼԽ֤ˣƷߵ
ûڶǳΪڿȫ˶϶ǲк˵֣ǽ˵
ߣôˣûǰǰ޴ˣԽĻȻа취ԸƷ˫˸⡣
ˣƷ磬мҲñ˵ɫȻ
磬ʲô¾˵ƷȻ˵ˬ죬ǵɫЩԾƷĪһɲԤС
ԥ˻صʵǵѩ˿ɣδޣ
˿Ʒһ㶣ԺвɸֳտɫüпźÿɰŮüʵôˣ
Դȥ֮˿տ˼㣬˼ɲʱղˣĵ̾
ʲôʱղˣƷһ
Ϣһ㣬ƷԴΪĻҡ
ʹ࣬ʣûڡָӵ飬һӿƷԺ֮УԵüΪĻңԺдţܵģģ

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546 Ԫɱ
峿һλޱĵ߽ǵס
ʱƷһߣ
ų
˽㳯
˹иҪµ鷳ȥ죡֣ص˵
ųԸλп˹ӻص
΢΢ͷЩʧ겻˵ܣλǿ˹ҳϵĲ£ģİɣҾԲҵġ
ܣ
˹һ⻰ʵ̫ˣƷȥ
ڣƷѾֱģԲÿ˹еΪĲ⡣
Ʒ΢΢ͷвóһСĺɫƿӣƿСֽ˵ֵܣⶫΪҪҪԽѩ˿鷳ˡ
˹һСĽӵУ˵ˣİɣҿ˹ҲὫ͵ϣ
ллˡƷ絭Ļص
ΪųЧͣҵҡ˹Ļص
ɫ˵˹̱ǣ·ϾԲǷǣ̸ϻص۶𣿡
ǣų˹ɫᶨӦ
ȥɣǻһ֡
˹ĽСƿӸ֮ڣ˳ȥ֮ʱرƷ϶˼ۡ
˹ߺǱ㳯Ʒʵܣⶫ𣿡
ҲƷҡҡͷ
ΪΣһ
֮ˮʹȲ˿ҲӳƷصѾԵЩˡ
֮ˮôУǸΪ𾪣֮ˮ˵ֻоſӵС
˵ھĻǧѰ֮ءҲ⴫˵е֮ˮΪ֮
ţ֮ˮ֮Դ
ȻҲֻǴ˵ѣ֮ˮҲ֪
ǵģҽ塣Ʒص
ܣԽҸеˡ⼸Ҳ˲ٵĿɣ̾һ
Ǻǣû£ҲΪѡƷһЦжôء
ˣʲôʱȥʵҲΪĵ⡣
ⳡս½֮ұȥҪȫȥԸԽĻҪһʱ䡣Ʒݺݵ˵ĳɫ
ʲôҪæĻܸ˵˵вƷȥΡ
磬ֻҪĸǾͿˣԽʲôɥƷ˵
İɣĸǱ߾ͽˣⳡս½֮󣬾Ϳɣĸķǳ㣬Ҷʼɡ
ġƷ˵ͷԵ˵ĳء
ܣȱôˣ˴ս»֪Ҫ೤ʱ䡣ѾȥöˣµоҲҪʼ˰ɡѵңϴһսõоʧ٣һսоɻر㣬ǧҪСġ
İɣһСĵġƷǵ˼磬Ǿȸˣҵóȥú׼һˣ
СġЦ
֪Ʒһص뿪ˡ
Ʒȥ̾ϢܣΪˡ

ƷڳУԺиһƬҡ
ԭΪԼ뿪ĪƷԭʵΪѩ˿»ˡ
ǣѩ˿ûУĸ߹ݣ˼Լ
סƷѩ˿һԼµĻԼ
ŪˣҸô죿Ʒͷεİ̾һ
ųһİ

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ǣƷ硣
Ǻǣһλ͢ħʦ˹ħʦЦ
ʲô£Ʒ絭ʡ
ܷ½ȥһˡ˹˵
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ԭȵĳ⡣
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·ϣ;֮ˣṧĺһƷΪųƷҲһһ΢΢
ʱƷߵ⣬ɿܷ֮һȺħʦæµš
󷨣
ƷЩɻ󣬿ܷǵӣӦڲһЩħ
ħ󣬵ͬھһ壬ħɱҪǿˡ
ңħųɱ֣ͨħߣرЩߣħУûоȷ֮ħС
ǺǣһƷ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʵƷ˵ħʦƣָıħŷħʦԴʵΪСӣָĻħʺϲˡ
ܷ
δƷ뿨ܷк
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ѧԺѧ̫⣬СͿˡƷԵЩΡ
ǺǣϷɲˡܷ΢΢һЦ
С磡ˣ˿ϲĸ˹
֪ΪΣѩ˿Ϣ֮Ʒڰ˿ĪĲһַĸо˿úæȥɣҪ̸ܷЩأ
⻰˿ԭһĵЦһӾȻӲסˣþδܷӦ˹ĻصǡǺðɡ
ת˿㨲ֵ˻ȥȴǶƷղһǳĲ˽⡣
סƷһ۰˿ıӰ½Ļ˻ȥˣҲٶԲһˡ
С磬ɫôе㲻̫Ծܷĵʡ
ӦûϢðɣûʲô󰭡ƷɫɵĻص
ûʲô¾ͺãˣ㿴ܷͷһȺæµеħʦ
ƷϸĿã˵µûһƬйһʮĵħ󣬶ҶԵħ󡣡
νħ󣬾ǵһħħĹֱһװ㣬ֻҪһУһԵĴըħȽʺڴΧսУҪһЩħҪһЩҲȽ϶Ե˺
û۹治ȷʵһʮĵħ󣡡ܷͰĴЦһ
һо㣬ħĻȷʵܹشоƷ˵
Ǻǣû⼸յʱ䣬Ϸôһﲼøħ󣬵ʱǵоĻǾ͵ȸصĴۣܷһЦԴϴħѪĳֲԼѧԱɥܷǷŭޱȡ
ǲڱǿ׳ĵо˵ֻЩħǲġƷ֣ص˵
ϧϷʵޣȥøǿħ󡣡ܷεҡҡͷ
ǾͰһæɡƷ˵
ʲôæܷʡ
ţƷͻȻֳһƤֽݹ˿ܷһ˵Ǽǰ׼õģ鷳дķԸѡһЩħʦң

ܷĽӹƤֽд֣ҲһŸӶħͼ
ĥãܷ͵̧ͷǼĶƷ级ȻʲôԪɱ󣡡


547 
Ԫɱ
ͬżĽȲħѪ󣬵Ԫɱ£һ
ȻħѪϵǱԪɱΪ֮󣬶ħѪΪа
󷨣һͬ㣬ǾҪһħʦЭſɡħѪͱȽϲһЩħʦΪۻȡħ
С磡ôԪɱͼܷԵ÷ǳļ
õġƷص
ܷһ㶣ʣѵ˵Ѿɹͨˣ
ǺǣǰƷͷЦЦ
ǡܷ
ƷҡҡͷЦǣԴӽ֮ȷʵǱǿˣҲõöԪɱ֮һ
Ǻǣû뵽ͨĿ飬Ժǰ;ܷЦ޵ƷԽԽˡ
ǵطܷǷǳƷ羹ȻɹͨĿ飬Ҳǧһλɹͨߡ
˵棬ųؾ
ллˣڿɲ˵Щʱʱеɾ鷳ˡƷЦ
ðɣʣµħúãϷѡЩ˸㡣ܷЦ
ҲҰæɡƷ˵
ǿɾٺòˡܷЦһȻʥħϵΪܷƷɾͲԶˡ
Ʒ˲ħӪС
ڣƷԨ֪ʶ뾭飬ڶЩеħЩ˴һƷ硣
˵ƷʵıĲ࣬ƷֱеĹ̥ڶÿһƷ綼չʾ˾˵츳
ֵǣƷæµ֮ʱһֱûǹ˿
ƷӱţҲںԺܻᷢ顣
һֱ˿ĬĬƷıӰƺڴʲôʧǣƷδͷ˿κһۡ
һæµеħѾúˣٶʮܹٵƻˡ
ҹЩħʦҲǺľ˲ٵħ׷׻صȥˡ
ܷصһȺħʦʮλ
ʮλħʦ඼ǱȽоĹ͢ħʦʮ˱ǼѧԱʵѾﵽ˴ħʦλѾ߱ʥʦʵ
˱˴Ϊλö˶˵
С磬Щǰ˵Ķħʦܷ˵
Ʒ΢΢ͷǰһȺħʦǾ÷ǳģǵӾЩˡ
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˳ĬҲûоܾ
ǶѾˡƷ˵˵ǵĳҸ߹еλŵĹ͢ħʦҲҵѧϣǿԺúõңǲʧܵĻҶǳΣա
Сӣ˵ÿʲô󷨣˿𣿡һλϷʦסʡ
Ʒ絹ҲûһһٵĻصԪɱ󣡡
ʲôԪɱ󣡣
˴󾪣Ϊ֮ħʦһЩʧĽҲ˽ġ
Ԫɱ󣬾˵ǳڴ½һħʦĦ˹Ľʧǧ꣬ǳ£½ʮħλڵ
֪жȥѰҴͼȴ޹Ʒ׿ڶ˵ʵ̫ˡ
СӣɲܿЦġϷʦľ
С粢޿ЦǶܹúҵĻǼԪɱ󣡡Ʒ֣ص˵ȫûǿЦӡ
ðɣԪɱǾԻ㣡Ϸʦص
ȻҲͬʱ˵Ļ
Ͼܹô˵еħִ½Ǿ˷ܶڴ飬ǶܻԪɱĵߡ
ðɣǾͿʼɣǸҵĲͿˡƷ˵
˵ͷֻǻе㲻ƷõԪɱͼ
ǾͿʼɡƷɫ
ħǰΣҪıǻ
ɣƷһѳסһƬƾԺеļ䣬ڵϿ̻һ޴ӵͼ˿
գԵüΪİ˵˫һֱƷÿһֶȴκεľš
ɱС̻ħͼҪȫע뵽ħУÿһߵγɣκεжϣħʧȥԭеĹЧ⵽ɡ
ԪɱΪ󷨣ÿһϸڶҪΪСģһγɡ
ԭɫƽģƷ콫ħ̻ʱȴǾסˣ̲ס󣡡
ǾгɵĿܷ򣬵һħεʱȴҲȫסˡ˵󷨣ֱ޷졣
ǣǱƷĲӵħͼм޼ϣһǳɵĿ̻˳
ϾǵõͼĹ죬ûоԵͼҲֻһõķֽѡ
һѾɹˡ
ŵټӵħͼ㵵ֱʿˮԪɱڳİ
ҲǺܹؼһǾ㡣
Ԫɱ󣬼򵥵˵Ǿ߱˷硢ˮԪأ˴֮䣬ħлﵽһֹ
󣬹ʮ߸㡣
УĽΪ㣬֮䣬ѾԪѭ
Ʒ˫һƾ˼ħйɵħͼÿһǶħ
ȵǣû뵽ƷоȻ˶Ʒħر㣬ǶĿɶʥһЩ㣬Ҳ߽׼ħֱʣƷѾӵһӴĲƸˡ
Ȼ𸮸ƿռĴڣֻҪƷԭƷܱƳƷ˵ȫݳޡ
ֱãƷϲЦˣ
ɣ
һǰŵԪɱ³ֵ½ˡ
С磬Ϳ𣿡ܷסʣк𾪡
ƷҡҡͷЩѡеħʦһۣ˵ԪɱħѪһ֮ҲҪһħʦܼ
ǺǣСӣ㲻ǳΪƷɣһλϷʦЦʡ
ȻǣħѪΪа󣬶ԪɱȫǡΪԪɱľȨǵÿһơԪɱĻӵħҲ˵ʵΧ֮ڣǿ˲ħƷĽ͵
˲ħ
˴Ϊ𾪡
ûǿԡƷ˵ıԣŵоδ֮ʱһϤĲʱˡ
˵˵ͷЩȲˡ
ʱ䲻࣬ھͿʼɣƷˡ
ܷȴ͵͵ĽƷ糶˹ʣС磬ϷȷʵȷʵǿиȱݣǾǴŻԵƣµʱԲ׽ĵо
ģڲԪɱ֮ǰ⣬ֻеðգҿȥһԣҲҵ󷨾мƷ֣صĻص
Ϸ㣬ΪһţһԳԽĦ˹˵šܷΪ͵Ц
ʹţҲҪڷĥˡƷ̾һԼܹĿ࣬ҲֻԼס


548 صĿ¶
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552 еĹ

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553 
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555 Խʷħϣ
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ȭδս֮УŰһɿֲˣӿʯɳҰѾԽԽģˡ
ƺħռѾӦ˱ͷųĿֲѹһ
𣡡
һ˵ĺ֮ħռ侹ǻһͷ޴Ĺһ㣬쳾֮УЯһɻӭ˱һ
䣡
һıը֮ɿֲ֮УӿһضҪ
ʱ䣬ط׷ݣʯҵĴҷɣһ޴ĳɳ籩Ⱥֵֻܾһˡ
Ϊɳʵ̫ˣѾԶԶ˷˵֪Χ


562 ˵ʵϣ
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ȻˣоǷǳ͵ġشҲԲ׿ɶԸġ
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˹ɫ֣û뵽ܴ֮ıʵ˵Ŀ¡
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Ǳǿıʹɺ˹ʥǿͬʱ֣ȻǱĶ֡
ʱҵƴɱɺǲһ𣬺˾Ѿ챻ĹƸѹˡ
һֱԶ֮Уһ˫ͫǻɱеսǹħһɳư˵ڣǷʱˣ

һоһھѪħϵͷС
ȻһĻˡ
Ѫƺͷһ㣬ѪʧоȻ˸һĹ
ٶһδ֪аʼħнͷ˳
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563 ˵ʵ£
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ŰĽڷɽѪݺšҵĽ̵ĵһ߾ߵʬ塣
ͣ˾Ѿıѹסˣ˼ΪĲء
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ԣʧص˾УѾʧȥ忹ʵǱ
ϾԪɱУѾ˲ɱ˵оʮĴһشоɺմλʥǿߡĻŷʦϵȻ;߱žѵơ
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ΪǺ˸ͲǴϵĺڰħʦҲʲôڰϵսʿħʦһô½־ħʦ
飬һ˵Ѿߣû뵽Ȼдڡ
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أ
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ȻֻҲҵɱУ˭Ҳᷢһδ֪ѾǸİΧסˡ
Ĭ趯Źƣڽĳýһ
ȻǺ˵ͷϿ֮۳һںţ֮УǲһɫĹ٣ԵԽӵĹ졣
̼䣬Ǻһǻһɫ֮С
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ಣ
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Ʒüͷһ壬ʶ̼µһΣУֱѾеƷ˹
ʱǵ֮УԭģףֱѪѪɫ⣬ɳưĳѣ
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͵ģһӴĺɫһĩհϢȻӿս֮С
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ֵжֵģȵжȵģѾû࣬ǻǿԽһδ֪վ
ȻЩȥʬ壬ǽǰԹһɿµǽԼ壬ǰĵ˸ɱ
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ǣЩʵɲ󲿷ֿɶڵоʬһǲģǾ͸ѶԸġ

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һ̣Ҳ㲢սսѣһ̣Ҳɱʬ
ЩˣҲԵĹԣΪǲ˾֣ǳѹѹӿɱ˹ȥ
ۿţһ鵹£ȻΪ˲ٿصˡ
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ں֮ɭɭЦţɱɣɱɣǶǵʳ


564 벻ĶԿ
ţһһ಻ϵ˸
ǣѾȫĿ־ˡ
ΪԸȥǿĶ֣ҲԸȥЩҲˣµԼҲΪ˵һԱ
ڣЩоĿɿڴԿȥˣѪϻȱֶϽŵģȻǿվеĻӶǵȭͷʼŲ̵ɱ
أ
һްĽѪ֮УһѪɫӰ˫˸ŹͫףȺĹɱ˹
סҵס
ǷĴţһ߿еǰ˸ɱ
ϧЩʵ̫ˣоôҲɱһ㡣ǶѾסˣھܶ˵ȥ
ڣǵЩʥǿߣǿԽЩ˸ɱˣ޲ö೤һ㣬ƴӡ
ޱȵĻңȺ໥̤Ҷӡ
ⲻ֪Ӵ֮УǱʬУһ˫˫צӰͻȻ̽εĿסӴܵȺ
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񣬿ܷˣ޷쵼ʦţֻƷˡ
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Цţвͣ趯ŹƣͷųҲԽԽǿЩҲǱøΪ͡
Ʒɫ䣬ĿЩȺʬ
ʵħʦƷԭеЩаʿҲǲࡣĳý飬ߵ壬жĿƣ˵ʬеһ֡
ڣ߱ûνʹУҲûνУΪǱѾˣֻƾűܸǵ־ȥжΪµɱ˹ߡ
ǣٻ֮ΪĲ̣ȻԽߵٻ壬ߵȥĻ߱ҲŸ
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͵ģƷ˫ųһ̤֮Ԫǵص֮УӿЩȺС
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̼䣬Ļ˴УƶǾ޴ȵӣЩ˸һȵ棬Щˡ

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˿૵Ĭͷðĺˮȫǳ鴤һ㣬ҵĶţ֮⣬һɿµ˳
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565 ˿֮ϣ
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ΪʹǣԼͬҲЩ˲˵Ĳɱ¾ߡ
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Ȼȳ嵽һƬȺеʱ򣬸
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һ߾߶ãâи֮УȻΪĩȫǵһ֮С
ǣ˿ɾûôˡ
ΪЩɼǲãΨһսʿ;Ǳǽսʿȫķ顣Щսʿʵɶּ˺˵ǿҪ˵ȫЩսʿĻֻн߲ˡ

һƬƬҵĽһӰѪ֮УƺƵô޵УһƬȴֹվǷѵĹҲ˲乹µĹǼܣǲġ
ЩãҹŭһһһսʿȺлһȱڡ
ͬŵλʥǿߣҲǼȺս
ϧЩսʿʵ̫ˣֻҪûȫֻٶȸǾݣǾĵġ
ʱڱ˶еɺǣѲЩսʿ춯
ϧɺѾ㹻Ѳˣ˵ȥԸЩսʿˡսѾγսţЩ˾ǰ
ϾоҲẦЩãȥĻܻܵЩõĲǿɾ͵òʧˣԻ羲ȥһϷ
˿̣ѾԽԽϾ
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ʱƷڿգȫԡʥĹԣеĹԪطӿΪĻԾԪضѾȫų⿪ˡ
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ⳡսǽˣѾ˳ˣڰȫû˾յʤȴûЦó


573 оȣ
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ʦУѡĹѧԺѧԱҲǰΪĬΪʹ
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˷ֵĻӰںڰ۹һа˹


 


574 ѩ˿ĸж
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ѩ۵ȴסˣѩ˿ɫתһŵǿԷˡ



575 ˵ĳŵ
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ȻΪ߼ħڿ޷УҲǲͬ졣ڣȫ˺Ʒ磬ԼħŪС
һٶȷʵ𾪡
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ţ޷һ͵һֻչǰ˲ֳһĹУ׺ݵĳƷϼ˹ȥ
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ƷȻ壬趯ǰĹ
̼䣬Ʒǰ֮ٵ۳һػܣʵʵĵǰ
飡飡
ȺĹУĻǹУըŰ˿һһĳܱ֮Ȼ˿
ƷɫƽĲӣڷеĹз϶֮УѹƷû˵
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޲𾪣ʹйʶĹħ밲£ٴοƷǹҲǲò
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޷ŭ÷ʥһСС󱲶ȲˣɾͶˡ
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κΣƷǹ֮䣬ֵӡƾҪЩϮУȴֱƷյĶ˹ȥ
ڣħȥˡ
ƷȴȻվԭز𾪶ߵĿ޷һζЦݡ
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һ֮£ƷϣһɫһĽƷӣݺݵսƷ޷
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ʱԪسΣ۵İ׹ѾҪû˿޷ӣһǿϢǰâǿҵͷ˿
֮У
޷ŭһǿ֮УǿĹԪأһɾ磬׼˿ƷǰϮ˹ȥ
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580 
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ǿħħΪ𾪡
ȻղֻһСħһħʦͷŵħƷУǳħȴǱȫһˡǿȻǾ׼ȣԶԶͨħܱȼġ
һµĵطǣƷ羹Ȼһħ޷ħݻˣʵ̫ˡ
УһƬ𾪣һƷȫĺȲʡ
޷ǳԾĵɴ˫ۣǼһĽƷ磬Ʒʵûôǿħȴÿ޷̾磬ȫ벻ףƷ絽ƽԼħġ
Сӣֱǿˣ°һ
޷Ʒ磬סʣôģ
Ʒ絭Ļص
Ǻǣɲһĺá޷һЦ
ѵ𣿲ҪĻ޷ֵˡƷһǫӡ
ĺǿҺлĻҶúٱһ޷
ţҺڴƷ΢΢ͷ
ڣʶƷʵڳпʿȥƷˡ
ΪƷȷʵʸܹĦĴ
лͽˡ޷һʤѾˣԿ޷ҲƷȥˡ
޷ֵ̫ˣԺҪָءƷ΢΢һЦ
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һĦ˷׷׹񣬼ʹǹħҲҪԹĦ֡
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˵ѾˣƷȷʵǹĦѧ
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ԾҵңƷüͷһ塣
ţĹȽ⣬ʵҲͨǿ࣬ȷʵǸѡȥĻҲԱȽЩĦһ֣ء
Ʒ˼˻ʵ˿ˣ
ڷԸ֮󣬱Ѿʼչˣǰ˿Ļ»Ҫһʱ䡣Ħ˵ģ˿ԲµģҲôһ֮жɣʱԻаš
ţðɡƷ˵ͷɵʦɷи󣿡
˵ɡĦ
Դӳɫǻ֮ҲûлȥѧԺԺ˵ԡƷ˵
ȥĦü
Ʒ΢΢ͷ
ðɣϷȥʱֻ죬֮ûȻϷҲ˵ȥĦ˵
ǿɾ鷳ʦˡƷΪм
ϣסѾڹ͢ˡĦ֣ص˵
ţһġƷͷ

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ʱʥ֮⣬һλµľŮԡʥİ׹⣬ɫ˪
û⾪ŮҲǰ˿㰬Ҳǹ͢еΨһʥŮ
򻺻ǰһά˿ɫʺ
šά˿΢΢˫ۣһֻȥͽȻһε
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ʥĴţйرˣһ硣
һά˿ľٶΪ⣬֪¾ǷǿѰϰЩɫʣ֪ɻҺ£
Ϊ˸һǳҵϢά˿Ļص
ҵϢ͵һΪά˿Ц
šά˿΢΢ͷ϶һİ׹⡣
׹⣬ˣպֳһӰ
ţ
һһֲԤӿͷ
ͻȻ䣬пʼʹˡ
ڣ׹ȫȥһȵӰ˳ȴԲ԰ףյ˫ۣѾϢ
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磬ˣͻ˫ۣＷѪ˿һѵͱݺݵಿλиš
һ£ҲͲסĿ˿
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򾪽һݺݵײǹУأȻҪ˹ȥ
侲
һ𣬰һѹŰǻҵ顣

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ǿԣҪĺά˿ص
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šά˿˵ͷвһݹ⣬˵ϣֻҪ岻٣ٻߵ꣬ع壬ػߵɢ֮УҪ׵ľѪΪΪٻߵ꣡
ҿԣһ˵
ţ׽㣬Ҳֻˡά˿ɫأ˵ǿʼɣҪűĻȥȣñۣеһС
ţĵͷһǳеİ˿ʹѣֻҪܾȻذ˿ҲĸԸ
ţ㾲ı˫ۡ
ά˿˫һʥķȣʥ֮УһܵĹϵĳһʽ
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Ȼ֮䣬һضӵľ޴Ѫɫħ󣬳ʥ֮У˿밬ħ֮

ɫһоһʹ࣬ʹǴ֮Уһ˺ҧŰѪ⡣
Ȼ̺ʹ࣬š
ά˿Ĭһϵ䣬һ߻еȡ
֣
ά˿һһɫֱ밬ü֮С
һ£
ҵһֱӱȴ˳ȥ
ȥɣȥһȥɣ
ά˿һֻ𣬰Ļ壬Ʈɳʥ֮⡣
ȻԶ֣ᷢά˿ȴԵ˵ݣֱħһ㡣
ϣûνĸ֮ЩνĽǱֹʹõ
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581 Ⱥ˿Ķ
Դս½⼸ѧԺɳѧԱҲѾˡǹѧԱһҫ
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ѧԺΪ˱ʾԲսѧԱĬȫԺҲر˴͵ĬᣬԶߵ
ԣѧԺҲرļڣѧԱǻȥܹԼۡ
ڣѧԺԵÿյģҲûյĻԵЩ
ȻһӰһ㣬ƮڹѧԺ֮С
պգƷ硣
ƷѾõ˹Ħ󣬸Ʒʱ䡣
һε׼ǹĦģرƷͳ˹ʥأԲᰵмƷ١
ʱƷһʱ˹ѧԺΪҲȥԼʦĦ
Ϥ·ƷȻߵǼӵԺҡ
ˣ
ƷţЩ
˭
ڴĦϤƺԵЩƣ
ңС硣Ʒص
С磡
ĦƺԵúϲһӱִ˷ţƷЦһǻˣ
ţʦһˡƷ΢΢ͷ
ĦоƷɫԣЦǺǣȽ˵ɡ
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ƷɫȻ˵ûµġ
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ûУСĦ˵
Ʒɻ˵ʦɷϸ˵˵
ϷҲ̫Ħ˼˻üͷ˵Ϸһ鼮˵һֿµĽ˵ܻߵꡣ˵˽øĴۣԴ˽ҲΪǧ֮ǰѾʧˡ
ĴۣƷһ
ǺǣϷҲ̫Ϸȴ֪һ㣬ֻأڴĹ֮ڣܸѳɶɣҪǿн߸죬죬Ǿ͵õȼ۵ĸĦɫص˵ǽ̻ʸ´ԵĻӦʹɡ
Ҳ˵ʹĻ˻Ʒ羪ʡ
ҲɣϷҲǲ̫סĦЦЦοǺǣ͢½ǧ꣬ﵽǿʢ֮Ҳʹ˸
ϣ˰ɡƷ̾һϾƷҲֻϣ˿ܹ¸
ˣλǣĦͻȻʡ
ʱֻܻ졣Ʒص
죿Ħ¡
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ãĦϸϸ˼˻Щǵ˵С磬Ȼ͢˰ǿ£ǿɲûĿԵģǧҪСġ
ţҵά˿ʲôıҲܽƷŵ˵Լӵǿ𸮣ڻǱ̩̹޵ıƷͲȥά˿
˵ˣҲܲȥءĦѵ
ллʦСúСĵġƷӦ
Ħʣкδ㣿
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ߣ˭Ҫڰ˿ĦҲΪŭ
ĻȥȺ˿ˣҵǻɵһˡƷһɫ
Ħһ£ƺƷ绰е˼˵˵ʥ壿
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˵ţĦͻȻ˼
ţ뵽ľֻƷ
˼˵ĺʤĵͦǿģʥŮ֮ѡλҲеϷ˽⣬˼˼ûôҪȥȺ˿Ħ˵
Ǳһµɱħ˼˿ǻģԲųֿܡƷ䵭˵
Ħ̾һΪε˵Ϸˣʱû뵽һ㡣
ȻѾˣҾͱȥõ࣡Ʒһ⡣
кμƻĦʡ
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С磬ĦǼһɲô׶Ըʥ䱸ɭϣڹ͢ĹϽΧǷ˾ǶǷǳĦѵ
аաƷִ˵
ˣȥԸʥ壿Ħʵ
֮ǰΪʥλᡣһιҲ²ĻҾԲ׷Źʥ壡Ʒŭ˵
У̫嶯ˣĦΪʦǲջ͢˿϶㰵нģҪݱ¶ȥĻһпɾǰˣԣúú侲룡
ʦһƷ˵ꡣ
ȻƷ˫һԺУͽȻһɼΪֲϢ
֮УԪرüΪĻԾҫһǿҵĲɫâֱӽԺס
һ̣Ժڵ֮ǹʧˣƺѾһռȡˣ嫵Ԫأޱ޾
ƷУԵޱȵϣϹɢųһɳԽơ
Ħɫ֮£Ѿﵽ˰񾳵оޱȵС
ԣֻһֿܣƷľѾﵽһǳµľ磬һĦδܴľ硣
ĦãƺѾ²⵽ʲôռ䣡
ֻαռ䡣ƷǿµƶȻʧΧһ˲ָղǹɿֲϢȴȻ˵
αռ䣡ĦȻʣǾ˵
ţҵľѾͻˡƷص
桭ǸĦͰ͵˵òƷʵҲʵ̫̬ˣǳƵʷһˡ
ԣʦҵɣƷ˵
ţһСģھȻˣʱѧԺɡĦЦϵľɫδ
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һΣƷ罫ٴνʥ壬ͬǣƷŵĳޡ


582 
ҹĻĵĽ٣һֿȥˡ
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м뷿뷿֮УλòŮڽžޡ
ûλŮҲǽ˼ˡ
һ£ͻȻһĪķ紵ˡ
ţ˼һҲ֪ǷӦУĻ̥ԵЩŵ˭
£˼ԾƮǰ̽ͷȥ
֣澲ĵģһˣ˼űİ
ԭԼԼ˼Ĺ˴š
ʵԴӴӳɫǻ֮󣬽˼ÿ춼ǹÿ಻ߣҲ޷
Ϊ˼ֻҪһ˫ۣԺֳܸԼȺ˿֮ʱ˿һĻ
Ͼ˼ʱҲֻһʱĳ嶯ȥ֮󣬽˼ŸеûڲѡЩ˼ѾûкúϢˣ˿ӰһֱجΰŽ˼
ҲҴˡ˼̾һ
ûȷʵǴˡһ
˼ɫ䡣
͵ģѭͷպƷѾվԼǰŵþһ㡭ôܽģ
ոգƷ䵭Ļص
ߣɺôĵӣȻҴʥ츮˼ĺߵڵĹħתһְӽƷ硣
ҾȻܽȻ£Ʒ
ֻҪκһ㶯Ҹ׾;ԲŹ㣬ɱ㣡˼вȴ˵Ŀ־塣
Ʒʵжǿ˼Ȼҽ˼ҲɵӣƷܹ֪Ĵʥ츮ҲԲеôöԸ
ǺǣЦˣ㸸ҲԲԡƷ粻м˵

˼һһȻԳһĹУǰƷϮ˹ȥ
ϧƷǺ޾ɫ
ȻƷһץĶǹһ
һ£ǹоǲ˿ΪһƬɫ㡣
˼𾪣ҧأ֮£ڵĹħӿһ޴Ĺֶ
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֪
Ʒҡҡͷһֱֹ˼ûС
𣡡
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һĻȴˣݶ֮ϣƺһǿķһ㣬ݺݵײ˹ȥ
һ
ǹǱը˿һƬˣŵǣݶ
ʲô
˼ɫ䣬ѾҪˡ
Ǻǣҽ֮ǰѾҲ˽磬ԶԶƻҵĽ硣ԣΪ㸸ǵע⣬ûܾȵ㣡ƷЦңҪʲô޷
㡭ʲô˼о÷ƷհЦ־岻ѡ
˵ʲôƷһЦ˼ǰ˹ȥ
㣡˼󾪣ȴǾֵķ֣ԼȻȫ޷ˣɫ㵽׶ʲô
ûʲôֻΪܹúûشҵѡƷվڽ˼ǰ
ߣ룡˼ȻִĽȵ
Ʒɫһ䣬һֻצӰ֣εĿ۽˽˼ϸ۵Ĳӣɫŭ㣡ҿɲʲôϧ񣡲Ļʵʵĸң˿ǲڱʲôֽţ
˼Ǻ죬Ϊ֣һμƷ˿µһĻҲǿЦģǴСƢûбߣҡȻҲûҪʹ˱ɵֶΣ
ѾѾƷ˽˼ǿ־ӣ۾ڸң˵ĸղŵЩѣ
˼һ˦ͷ˵ߣҵѾҪɱҪ㣡
ɱ㣬ҿûôȤƷһ۽˼ݵ˵ǣһ
ǲú˼ǿŭһ
ǺǣЦƷССͣЫŮһ㣬¾˲ֶΡ˿֮Ѳ˸ϵڲ˵ҲûϵҸ㣬䣬ֿµľħԴ͸꣬ÿһУʲô
Ц˼мɫ¶Ŀ־ѾԼ
ǺܿЦƷݺݵ˵ǣ⾫ħΪµĵطǱڴ͸ʱƻ꣬ʱĻȱܿܵĻһɵӣ
Щ˼ǽʧɫһɵӵĻǾǱҪӵʹٱҡ˵
ǸϽ˵ӿûԣƷŭ
˼ŵȫֱ㽫ɫȺ˿֮£һһʮ˵˳
ⲻ֪ƷԽԽӷŭſڱŮˣ¹Ȼģĺ֪ΪʲôҪ
Ϊʲô㻹ΪʲôΪ㣡˼ĶƷеǰȻᰬ˿ûʹûĳ֣ҺлᳬԽ˿ΪʥŮûĳ֣ʥͲ˵û䣬ᷢ飬һж𣬺˿ʵԼ
ˣƷһʥС˽֮ģǰٰ㣬軹øǾʲôϵ
˼һ㶣Ʒôһʱ侹޷
Ʒƽеŭ˵ɱ˳˿Ҳǳ֣֮ԡ
ߣɱң˼ˡ
㣡Ʒɫһݡ
ң˼ȻƷĻʲô˼ֻ֪ǰƷһĿħһ㡣
͵ģƷһֺݺݵİ˽˼ͷ֮Уһζµǿ˽˼ͷ֮С
˼֣һİʹӿԴͿҪѿһ㣬ѾʹŤʶޣǾǻ֮䡣
ʹ̵࣬ġ
Ʒ䣬˺ԼߵˣλŮƷԲĴ֮ǰΪŷŹ˼û뵽˰˿
͵ģƷһֺݺݵİȥӿһǿε˽˼Ѫ֮Уӿڵ֮Ž˼ǱصĹħ
һ
Ʒһٴݻ˽˼ڵĹħɹҲΪһƬС
Ʒ粢ûоʹ˰֣˫һµ֮˽˼ľ֮Уĥȥ˽˼Լм䡣
ȻƷ粻ɱ˼ֻǷϵ˼ħѡ
ǣΪ˲¶ݣƷֻ˼Ժ֮ǰļ䣬ֻԽ˼ľ˺ܴ
ͨһ
˼ƣ۵ĵ˵ϣ˯˹ȥ
Ʒݣڵ˴Ӳ飬ɫһˣ
һ£ƷǹȵӰƾʧ֮ⷿС


583 Ԫ
ҹ˾ʥ츮У䱸ɭϣڽ˼֮£ȴ֪
ƷӰҹйȴ
ȻƷ֮ʱά˿ˣ˵ССʥ츮Ʒռ֮Ʒȫȥ硣
ȻƷϢһԺС
Ҳʥһ֮Ħס֮ء
ҲʱǺԭԺԵþĵģܿһˣֻԺ֮Уħ󣬵ڴﵽ֮Ʒ˵һ㶼á
ڣ⣬Ӱ
ס
˵λӢ꣬ҲǽܷƿˣֻԵЩ㲣ǰһЩܸС
šĦǰĽܷƿˣ˵ƿˣ֪ΪΪҪ𣿡
븸ʾܷƿ˵
ߣΪĶӣĦߺߵ˵
׽ѵǡܷƿһ亹
ΪΨһĶӣԺʥĲҵȻ̳СǼϼһ峤֮λҾԲǵóѣĦɫֵ˿ʥʢĻᣡ
ţѾˡܷƿӦüͷɵʣף˿ѵǡ
ûһ˼÷ǳãذ˿ʥ˵һصĴʥŮ֮ѡλã˼Ѿӵ˼ƣĦհ˵
ףǼһɲ򵥡˿СҲпܻỳɵʥ塣ܷƿ˵ǵ˵
ߣⲻļһﵹǳ˲١Ħһ۽ܷƿˣ˵СȷʵǸ֣ΣΪСӳأ
ţܷƿһ㶣ʣѵаȥԸСӣ
ĦҪԸˣҡ
ǣܷƿ˼ʡ
һҶ˽ˣţ˿ԶԸСӣĦ˸źݹ⡣
ˣǱڰеƷ磬㵡
ɣǿ֮ٴ֪̽˽ȥϸ
ԭƷ绹ֱӶֵģ뵽¼򵥣ϸš
ʱܷƿ˵ףɴûлȥһˣһһ㶼޷˽ˡ
ߣֻҪܰΪȥǼһ⵹û⡣Ħɫֵ˻һ˵洦
ʲôܷƿ˫һ
ĦͻȻһŲСĽɫ壬һǿϢǿССĽɢ˳
ܷƿɫΪǿŽ𵤺ĸоһǿŨĶȻʣףʲô
ԪĦһһٵĻص
ʲôԪܷƿ㶵ĶŽĦϵǿŽ𵤣һ˲š
ûⶫ˸ҵġĦ˵
ɡⶫǧǰż𣿡ܷƿ˻ǲȥš
Ԫ˵еһֶԪ
˵ԪΪǧǰǿʦ˹ķѰ죬š⶷Ԫڣ̺ſµĶϲ֮ߣֻҪ´˵ɽΪǿߡǿߣֻҪ˶ԪеҲɴ磬ҶҲǴǿκεĸá
ֻǣ˵Ԫɹ֮󣬱Ѿڴ½֮ˣΰʦ˹ҲǴӴ֮ǰԪУЧˣԪҲΪ֮
ĦһЦ˵ΪҲǲţⶫȷʵǴ˵еĶԪɼ˵ʵ䱳򵥣ʥ˵޻
ǿ̫ˣܷƿ˾ϲĴЦһ
ߣļһĦһС˶Ԫ˵ƿˣ⶷Ԫ˵洦ھϴĻʥĵλɾʹ˵УϣΪʧ
ǡǣܷƿ˿ϲͷ
ûϢĦһǶԪǰȥ˵ȥɣ
ллףԲṼܷƿ˼ΪϲɫǰȥֱҪù
Ȼ͵ܷƿҪǽĦǶԪʱ
ȻһϮ
ţ
һһĦеǶԪȻƾʧˡ
⣡
˳Ծĵɴ˫ۣٶŭ
˭
ӷĽһ৵һ£ͬʱڵĶתǿŭĶϢŰš
ǣ˶òأ޶˶˶Ԫʧ˵ӰӶû
ֻ˵˵ʵǿǿĦﶼΪԼԶԶǴ˵Ķ֡
ȴǷŭѣΪԪȻı˶ȥˡ
Ļ쵰ӹܷƿ˷ŭĻеĳͿҪֵĶ׵ûˡ
ߣ˲£ѵĻҶԿĦĶſ˵аأصĶʵˡ
ǺǣҡһЩϤЦһĮӰ˵ǰ˳
ˣĦӴΪ𾪣磡
λļԿãȻܼסҡƷ΢΢һЦвǶԪ˵ⶫͦģ͸Ұɣǵļ񡣡
㹷ƨܷƿһڵָƷŭСӣǲǻˣȻҴʥ壡ͱ뿪
ƿүɱǧ𼤶ܻܲ뿪ǿɲ˵㡣ƷҡͷһЦһµ˼ûС
ȥ
ܷƿŭһеĳǿҵ⣬Ʒɱ˹ȥ
ƿˣĦﾪһϧѾ޷ֹˡ
ƷһƽŽܷƿ˻ӽɱмĺߵߣԲ
ݵһ
Ϭĳ϶һǿҵɫâƷͷ֮ݺݵն˹ȥ
ϧƷһ֣ɵıǳŶĳָסˡ
ʲô
ܷƿ˴Ϊ𾪣û뵽Ʒʵǿ˲˼顣֮ǰܷƿƷ罻ֹɸͲı̬
ȻĦҲסˣƾһǽסܷƿ˵һýĦ
ܷƿ˼ΪʣڳһȭеƷؿڴػ˹ȥ
Ʒѹûȥֵ˼
һ
ǿһȭʵʵĴƷؿϡ
ǣܷƿֱֻȴǺպסˣоһȭǴڸְһ㣬һǿҵķ֮

ܷƿͫױ
Ʒɫһ߹һĨЦǺǣƿү̶ֳֻȵĹδҲʵ̫Ц˰ɣ
㣡
ܷƿࡣ
Ʒ˫˸һ⣬һ
͵ģƷǳһֺݺʹܷƿ˸˦˳ȥ
ƿˣ
Ħﾪһ˹ȥȵĽס˽ܷƿˡ
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584 Ʒ磡
ĦһֲŽܷƿˣŭƷ磬磬ΪһֱƫҪʥԣ
ǺǣЦһʼңʥ𣡡ƷһЦ˵һУǹǵ֮ģΪ½˼ʧȥʥŮ֮ѡλãҲΪ˱ȫǵʥѵ𣿡
ߣʥʥ壬꣬һֱڹƽĳִƽ⣬ûĴڣͲᷢЩ飡Ħ
ҲûȤȥ֮Ʒɫݺݵ˵ǣ˿ҵѣڸҵŮˣ˺ǾͲ˼ˣҾԲ˺ߵ˴ϣ
ߣɱǣĦһ
ȻӰ˿ʼҾѾǴˣƷϷ˱ɱ⡣
ЦĦﲻмĴЦһĺߵСӣȻҳʵǿɫ֮Ҳ˵ˡ˵ģҺ㣬СС;ʥΪǣʥ츮ΪܶԸʥ츮𣿡
Ǻǣѵ㻹ûо𣿡ƷһЦ
ţ
ĦһвһɲõԤС
£ĦܸӦ˹ȥٶɫȣԾƷ级Ȼ磡
ûҽʱѾﲼ˽硣ƷȻ˵ģȻ׵ǣֻҪɱǱɣ޹أʥ컹Ļᡣ
Ħɫ䣬ʣ˼أ
ģܺãֻú˯һѣƷ絭Ļص
СˣҾԲŹ㣡Ħŭˣ͵ĳһǿҵ⣬ǿֱӽܷƿ˵ĸ˳ȥ
ݵһ
Ħһֺųʢˣ̹ǵɱ磬ܱߵľǿƷз׷׸Űˡ
ף
ܷƿ˽ŷŭĽĦһĲʡ
ƷɫƽעŭĽĦ˵ʵǲϧ˵ֻһ϶ѣ
ұ죡
Ħﱩһֽųڵֱն£ӻһɫĽâ
䣡
â֮ƣ˺ƿ˵棬ǿķˣ׺ݵƷϮ˹ȥ
Ʒһڵһ㣬Ϯâûʹκεӿһǿע˫֮С
ʱŵǣĽâǿʥǿߵȫһƷ羹Ȼƾһ˫ǽâץ˹ȥ

ܷƿ˽кһ۵ⲻס˫ۣƷѾȫǿҵûˡ
䣡
һ죬ҷĲ˵ıը֮͵ˣŰţڵоԱ׵ķ顣
ܷƿ˾һӱǾǿбƵǽ֮Уɫ԰סʵ̫һýܷƿ˸еܡ
ĦֱųڴŴǰȴһء
ģɫ⻪ȥպƷԭ֮أǱǱը֮ƿһ׵ľ޿ӡ
ֵǣƷӰȴȫʧˡ
ˣ
ܷƿɫĳӣǾ޿ӡ
ûĦɫص˵Ӧ˵û˺
ǸոոѾܷƿɫ˵
ߣ˵ĻﱻõĽʧľһֱ𣡡ĦķʹӦƷϢĦﻹǿ֪Ʒһֱû뿪ӡ
أˣܷƿ㵡
ʵԶңôܣĦ
˵꣬һĮЦش˹ǺǣƿүôĬҾȻûҪǵôܻأ
ţ
˴󾪣ѭȥ
պգǾ޿֮ϣȻĳŤŤ֮УγһУƷӰлľ˳
ռħ
ĦΪ𾪡
ٶƷնŽĦӣŽĦﵭ˵ԪѾˣ֪һ⣬Ǹ㶷Ԫ˵ҶܸȤʵʵ˵ĻҿԸһʹ죡
СӣĦЦһСӣѵͲ¾͢ʥ췢⣬Ϊߵ𣿡
Ŀ⣬ҾȻҪɱǣȻһİգƷҡָ
Ħһ㶣ղһԼȫµһʹ޷˺Ʒ磬Ҳܽݻ١
ǣֻ˵ƷľѾﵽ˷ǳµľ硣
𣬽ĦƸɱıƷǵʱɱǵ޹Ҳͽ͵ˡʵƷ츳ˣٶȷɿ죬ǱƷ˼󲿷ֵʵ
뵽ڴˣĦƷʵСӣ㵽˭粢ʵݰɣ
ȻֻҵαѡƷ˵
ߣ˭Ħһ֪ƷݾԲеô򵥡
ǺǣȻô֪ǺðɣҲװɡƷһЦ
ȻƷ˫һһһɾ˵ĿֲϢϹͷ˳
һ
ӾҵҡǿֲϢ֮Уγһɿ͵ҵķ絶һķ
ף
ܷƿ˾УǿµϢ֮УӾǱʹǽܷƿϷͷŶȥƴֵ޷ȥɷ籩Ѿȫʧȥˡ
Ϊܷƿ˵Ҫǿµбȥ
ƿˣ
Ħһȥһֳס˽ܷƿˣϳǿҵ⣬ĵǹɷ籩
áǿ
ĦѾȫˣƾƣĦѾ;ԼѾ׵׵İˣû뵽Ʒʵ˵Ŀֲ
ʱƷǿ֮УƮᣬ¶˵ɱ⡣ӸǼĲţһɱըԵǿ
ȣ
Ʒͷŭһ˫ȭ߬ȫѪܶ챬ѿһ㡣

ĦأܷƿŵһĲ԰ס
ǣһĻȴһεˡ
ΪʱƷòȻŤз˹ı仯ƮĵɫĳѾȾ˰֮ɫ˸ͫ׷Ѫĺ⣬ͷ֮ƿһصѪɫӡǡ
⵽ǣ
ĦѾȫľˣµһĻδһ˾ȻȥıԼò
ǣǿ˼仯Ʒ磬رϤС
ٶڽָƽƷȻնֻȫһˡҫ۵İɫҪڸסƷǱף߷һЦֱǵе
Ħ峤Ӧ֪˭˰ɣƷһЦ
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585 
ûĦ峤۹⵹ǲƷŰЦЦ
Ʒ磡
Ʒ˭ǿ͢ȥˣʵ츳Ǻųƴ½һˡ
ϧ֮ǰƷѾˣڴ½֮Уȴļסĵ֡
ȫľ
ûڣȵİûڣû뵽ʥ徹ǻôһ廹ʲô
ܷƿľ֣Ǽɱ˰ħһ㣬ȫڲš
ȻĦҲĿ־壬ſԱһĶ֣ʲôȥ⣿
ڣǸ˵Ļ˰ɣƷ˵
Ħ֪Ʒĵ֣һ־ĽܷƿˣŶƷ˵û뵽Ȼ㣬ȻܺڣѾ޷ˣи󡣡
󣿡Ʒһ۽Ħ䵭˵˵˵
ҾֻһӣܹŹҵĶӣҿĦɫȻ˵¸ĸв۰Լӣʹʧȥ
ܷƿһ㶣͵ĴӾзӦ˹˵ף㲻
ֻʥԺҪ㡣Ħҡҡͷһ֣֮ɫ
ܷƿɫͷһƷ磬ݺݵ˵ߣƷʥ죬Ҳǵ۶ܰ
𣿡Ʒɫһһ˵ɱͳһ㣬ݺݵĴ̽˽ܷƿ˵ؿڡ

ܷƿһؿڸһƣѪڣһѪ˳
֮ԸܷƿߣֱǱϻҪӼ򵥡
ƿˣĦﾪͷƷ磬˵㲻Ǻ֪˭ҶԪ𣿡
ǺܸȤƷ˵
ǺãǾףܷҶӣҾͰ֪Ķ㣡Ħ
ûѡʹ㲻˵Ҳа취Ʒɫ䡣
ߣ֮Ǹ˻ϳƹݼҡ˵ݾҶʵӦҵ˭ɣĦ˵
ţðɣܺҿԷŹĶӡƷƳ۽ܷƿˣ˵ǣĶӶԺ˵ҲǸ鷳ҪסĻҪ
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ҶԺͷ˻ʲô𣡡ĦŭСˣΥ
ûУҸղ˵ˣһƷǶԹһĿ۽ܷƿˡ
㣡
Ħ࣬ڵĶҪȫһ㣬ѹһɿµ
ףҪҳһˣҲ壡һƴˣܷƿ˷ŭˣٴս˳ϳȼǿҵ⡣
ǲϧλᣡƷüͷһ塣
ٷϻҾҲԲùĦǷһ㣬͵Ծ𣬽гǿҵ⣬ϮһĽâݺݵĶ׼ƷӼ˹ȥ
ƷһһֺһɫͽȻ֡
𽣣ƷѾܾûʹˡ
Ʒһ㣬е𽣺ȻһĻӵһϮĽâ
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۵⣬һıը֮죬ǿˣµĵ棬׷ױƹѶƬʯʧȥһ㣬ĴƮ
ϧڱը֮еƷ磬һ˶ûС
񣬽ĦѾڷ״̬ܲ˵Ʒ磬ӲǲϵͷųƷϵĻһĽâ
ܷƿ֮£Ҳǳ˼֡
ܷƿȴķŭ֮ɫȻȥ¡
͵ģܷƿڵжӿ뽣Уŭǹâ֮еƷ磬ϳĳ֮ġ
֪ܷƿ˴ӺζеĶѾҫ˺⡣
ͻƣܷƿ˾ҪͻƵ֮ˡ
û뵽֮УȻ̼˽ܷƿ˵ľףڵĶ˲ʮ౶
ϧʹǽǿߣƷʵ̫Զˡ
һ£ŭĽܷƿ˾嵽Ʒĺ֮סƷ磬͵һſٵ𣬱ƽƷ
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ܷƿŭһеĳǿҵĹ⻪ݺݵĴƷıء
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Ħﾪʧɫû뵽ܷƿ˾ǸȥƷķߡ
Ʒѹûѽܷƿ˷ȻڴݻŽĦһһĹ
ݣ
ܷƿһ˹ȥȷȷʵʵĴƷıء
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ܷƿ˴Ϊϲת֮䣬ȴȫıˡ
Ϊܷƿ˾Ȼֵķ֣ƷһƤ⾹ǱȸҪӵļӲʹǽܷƿѾʹȫȻ޷Ʒ֡
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ܷƿ˳Ծĺ
ûʲôܣעˣ޷ı䡣Ʒ˵
͵ģƷһ𣬶һǿƲһһ㣬˽ܷƿˡ
ܷƿɫ䣬ûӦ㱻һεľݺݵ˳ȥ
һ
ܷƿ˿ڵѪӵһ㵹˳ȥײǽ֮У䵹
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ĦһŭǰƷ磬ȵӺƴˣ
ಣ
Ħ⣬׺ݵĽųǳƷ
ȷʵĦʵǿѾﵽʥڵľ硣
ǣƷ֮Ѿﵽ˵߲۷壬ʥ۷弶ǿߣټǿ𽣣ƷûҪȥԸĦ
ǽΪǿᣬĦ˺ǶĿĹ⻪ƽƷӣĿŭһԿٵ֮ƣĳƷͷ֮ն
ƣƷޱ飬һ˵һսԶûС
ģƷе𽣣עǿ𽣸ܵǾΥ˷ܵ˲š
ƷʹһȴǡõסĦһ
䣡
ƴǿĽǺ˵һıը˿ȻݣʯĴɽһƬǽ塣ʹǷеĽ綼ܲסǿĳˣѾҪȫıˡ
ƷĦֽϿ֮УΪģĵ͵Ʋ
ͬǣƷһ򾲣һɵĵס˽ĦǿһʵҲʹ֮ѡ
֮ĦȴǱƵǺ죬ƺҪ֧Ųסһ㣬ֱɼѪ˿ѡ
ֻ˵ƷʵǿĦѾȫˡƷ̫ԶˣƷ磬ǱɽѹŰΪܡ
Ʒɫһ䣬ͻȻһǿ

ĦͫױֺպմһɰԵֱ塣

Ħﾪһǵӿ֮£ء
һ
ĦﵥȹأһŵأǱѪԵüΪǱ
ƷὣŽĦף㲻ҵĶ֣
ǣȷʵĶ֣ĦﻺĳӣֵǣڶѾǲˣΪеô𣿡
ֻһýˡƷɫϵľ𽣡
ˣ
ĦɫһѹǿͻȻıҫ۵⣬һȼŽĦӣһɸΪǿĶڽĦڳ׵ı˳
ȼʥѪƷüͷһ塣
ȻƷ˵ĦֻҪȸղǿһѣûвƷ硣


586 Ӧ
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ȼʥѪֻڼΪ²ŻʹáζţڵѪҺȫȼմʱҲˡ
ȻȼʥѪʱ򣬿Իóǿ
䣡
ң죬ӿ֮УһƬһƬмѾҪˡ
ĦһɷӣϵԽԽǿʢڵĶҲǷԭеľ硣
ʥڣ
ûȼʥѪ֮£ĦľѾǿʥڵľ硣
ţƷüͷ΢壬ǱĻǳܲˣǾ˹͢ǿɾ鷳ˡ
ɣƷͻȻСС𸮡
ȻĦﲻ֪кãĿĳƷЦǺǣСӣҿҲ԰Ȼ뿪ʹʥԸ㣬ܹ͢Ը㣡
ǿԣϧûᡣƷһм
ĦЦһһϵ⶷һεĸǣҫ۵ѾȫģҰ
â֮УĦ˳ڵĶӿڳ֮С
ʱƷи𸮣һĽ
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Ħһǽ֮УպոоһɼΪŹֶµϢϢ֮£Ħֲ궯

Ħŭһ˵棬ʯӰһ׺ɱڵĳƷɱ˹ȥ
ٶȣʵ̫ˡ
գ֮䣬ĦͬԽռһ㣬˲ӵƷͷϿ֮УŭٳѹһɳޱȵݺݵĳƷն
ݣ
һƿ֮죬ն֮£ֳһ޴⻡âʰ֮ΣŻıƷ֮
Ħȴûз֣֮£ƷȻɫƽ
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⣡
ĦɫȻ䣬˽Ħһֵ֮С
͵ģ֮Уӿһǿ֮һ޴һ㣬ŽĦȥ
֪ˣĦѾȫķˣŭһƣ
ڣһѾǿҵĽնȥƬռ伸Ҫѿһ㣬ŰϢһɾ޴Ŀ硣
䣡
һ˵ıը֮죬޴ȴǱǲ˼Ľûˡ
䣡
һ죬ǿµıը֮ƺһռпӿһǿˡ

ĦﾪһǾ֮УӱƵõ˳ȥ
Ȼһ
ĦоԼײһӲа㣬⵽ǿҵѪڵء
öըϢʧҰҲ𽥵ı
էһĦȴȫĴסˡ
ΪĦﲻŵķ֣ԼȻһδ֪İĿռ֮УǱһ㣬Χһ
ʲôط
ĦסɫɱþƷ磡ҹ
ǺǣĦ峤ô𣿡һϤЦƷͻȻƾն֣ЦŽĦ
Ħһ㶣ɫԽӵأʣСӣʲôط
˵һռƷհĻص
ռ棡㡭ôⶫĦԾĺ
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ѰãƷͻȻһˣ
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ιιιҲ̫˰ɣⲻĥҵθܲܺҽ֮ǰȺúõȥݰܲ㰡ƷԹ뿴һˡ
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ڰ֮У˻ţȫ޷
ȻǺڰ֮Уҫһ⡣
֮УֳһĻ档
֮УһټԺӣΧվˣһ˫˫Ｗ˿־塣
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Ⱥ֮Уվһλ࿡ɫꡣ
ķŭ˫ȭȴֲҳȥЩ˴򶷣ƺҪػԺеˡ
ͻȻ
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ΪЩǻ˵ħĽڵѪҺɣΪһ߾߸ɱʬ壬Ȼֻ̰һĿꡣ
һĻֱǵǿʼţʹĽţҲһһǿ־֮У˵ϣĳΪЩʳ
꿴ĻѾȫķŭˣ͵ĳЩȺУżҵƴɱ
κΣ겢ЩĶ֣վ
ȻһӾȻǰкһЩһƽƿ
ʹ˻һӵϱһǿȻӱ㱬ը˿۵ĵɫâסеһС
һĻ˲䡣
һվĸ߷֮Уͷ߽š
ͻȻ꾹ǰγһѶ̽ԼϻһѪڡһʹĽкţһǿʹݺݵԼϴš
һĻʵ̫Ѫȣ̫ˣѪܡ
ڣƺйһ㣬Ĺڵء
ٵһ£ٴεıת
һΣֵһλߵĺˡ
Ǻһɱֶβ̣һһĲոһƺڷйʹ
ǣÿһǺǰʱǺ˶ᰵĸоԽӵʹࡣ
ʱٴαתһڰҡ֮УڤڤĻվһȺˣƺʲô
ֻǣһȺˣλʵǳǿߣԶЩ˵ʵҪǿʮ
һĻĻĻ棬ʶһһƺڻһλɱֵĳɳʷ
ɣǷǳʹġ
»صʵɫʹĹڵأ꣬ɱ֣ȻҲһ̡

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598 ɱ֯ľĻ
˵ǷǳɱģҲͬġ
ɱ֣һոɱ֣ʹ޵ɱ֡Ȳѣ˭ȥѡͬħ̵·أ˭ȥأ
جУһļ䣬ͶӰһ㣬еӰͶƷռС
оڿӰ㣬һʹ࣬һ޵л䡣
ƷȻԵһ飬Ʒû֮ͬġЩ˸ɱЩ˲ɱƷ绹Ƿֵ÷ǳġ
Ȼ˵ӰƷûо׼ȷ֪顣
Ʒ粢ûļ䣬ҲͬʱĨȥ꣬Ѿˡ
ˣӰп֪δɱ֮ǰһԺյļСȴ⵽һȺЩѪɫѪϴʧȥеˡ
Ϊ˱Ϊ˲˷Լݣǿʹ࣬ĻٵԼòӴڷܿޣǼɱ֯һУʵÿһ̶ǿ
˵ˣҲΪ˱ѡ
һ㣬ܹȥ̣ԸȥɱʹƷǳġ
룬ʵȻܱ𣬱֪ЩʵжôĿ¡رЩĹѪȣƷ綼еη塣
ǣһƷǳɻӰеЩˣЩŹ֣ƷѾ˴󵨵Ĳ²⣬ֻ벻еĻѡ
ԭجУѾȫƷˣʶҲǱ÷ǳĴƷȫĨȥ꣬ǿаԺем䡣
ǣƷ翴Щ˳ԾļӰ֮ƷѾ˽ġ򵥵˵ƷҪշΪԼа֯УҪ˲š
ңƷЩصĺѪɫＫΪ棬˵½صһɿµİԺƷ϶ҪЩ֣Ҳһá
ȻҲƷѣҪȫĸԸĳǼ򵥵ͿԵġ
ȻƷ糷ȥռ䣬Χ˸еĳ»ָԭ
ʱڵأ˫ֳŵأеĳѶһԣǺӰʹţսȫޡ
ڣȼʥѪڵѪҺʼٵʧ
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ƷһؿУһɹǿڣڵѪҺʧĸѹȥ
ᣬƷ֮ӿڣ̼ڵ硣
͵ģƷһԵֱӳ磬ͨڵĽ
ͨǷǳʹģܹȥͬԻŭıʱĥ˳Խ˵־ʹ˵ʲô
һң˫۵ˮ˾һʧȥһ㣬ƷԼ

ƷΪϲҲԽӵշ뷨ҲǱԽӵǿҡ
ڣãڵнͨˣԺ󲻽ڹնʱҲͨҪǿ
ǿˡƷջڵ˫۵
û취ڵĹʹĻ䣬ǳȶҵǣǱסˡ
ֻǣȼʥѪ֮ǻмĸãʵѾ˵ʥڵʵ
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㣬ʮӵʱ䡣
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ڣʹһȭ֮ƷͻȻ˫һһֽסһȭ
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ȭоһǿˣһڵء
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ֹͣ˰ɣƷվǰ
̧ͷѪ˿ͫĽƷ磬ʵΪʲôɱң
ɱ㲢⣬ֻҲɱ㣬ԵĻϣܼҵ֯Ҳôϧһ˲šƷΪ䵭ȴԵϡ
֯ϴŲмĻصҲԸأ㲻ǿԳȥˣ
Ը⣿Ʒüͷһɱӣ漴ֵӸղҵУѾм䣬ҺͬЩ˵ʵһܶԸʵûҵĻΪܱ˳𣿡
ߣԼĳһԼܣߵ
ҿ԰ʵأƷת
һ㶣˵ģĶˡԼɱ֯ΪʲôΪĥвϵȥǿԼʵſȥ
ʵеϣҲԽãˡ
ģ˳Ĭ˫ȭ߬Ĳʡ
ôҪ𣿡Ʒüʵ
ֻҶһ벻ס˵һɱ֣һҪɱ֣ΪλҪѡң
ΪҺһģҲΪ˱𡣡Ʒ˫һ˵û´ĻеЩˣӦɱ֯е˰ɣ
һɫͳＷĳޣ˵ûǶɱ֯ˡ֮ԻȥԼòҲΪǱɱ֯СȻһֱΪɱ֯£һֱûǹԼĳޣ
ҿ⡣Ʒ˵
ǣΪɱʮ꣬վɱ֯жĵλҲŷ֣ɱ֯еʵеô򵥡ɫأ֪УƺѾƷЩΡ
˵ЩѪɫƷʵҲƷΪĵ⡣
û˫ۣ˵ЩѪɫǧսѪħ壬һǳµ壬ѪħǱһλǳµǿߣڽ̻밵аɱ֮֯һֱǱڴ½꣬ҲΪĻѪħİ
Ѫħ壿Ʒ簵û뵽ɱ֯о˿µĻǱԲô׾ܶԸġ
Ʒ绹ǰ½̫ˡ


599 ԽҰ
Ʒ˼˻ЦǺǣӦúƾ֮޷ģ
ߣеʱ䣡һ˵Ұܸ㣬һźôһǿĶҵңһ죬һᳬԽ㣬ţ
ҲûлƷ΢΢ͷ¶һѺõЦݣ˵Ǻǣ˼ĸ֮·ѵ㲻и𣿡
ɱֲҪ飡ƷĻȷʵĶˣΪһ˫ȥƷѾ
ǺǣΪɱֲĸԸģĳ˵ڱȵģ𣿡Ʒ΢΢һЦϵ˵ңҿ԰㣬˵ֻ޺
ЩɫѾʼԥˡ
ȻڷɱƷйݵ֮ʱйƷϡ
˵Ʒ츳ڴ½ʷоǾ޽еģССͣΪ˵ľˣӵڰ͢ǰ
ʵƷĻȻԼжĺôֻĵľǱƷã򵥵˵ǶƷ绹ΣΪɱֱеĽ
Ʒƺ˼Цʣѵ㻹ûоڵı仯𣿡
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£㿪ʼӦľԭΪ⣬ȵǣԼھȻ췭ظı仯
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Ҳ˵ø˿µǱܡ
⡭⵽ô£ԾƷ硣
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ϣûνĵˣֻоԵѣҿԲںĹȥŴӽ쿪ʼǰȫһƷһѺõ˵ǰɣһڵģ
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ǺǣлʲôϽɡƷϲһЦĽǽῪˡ
΢΢ͷվӣ˵ұԭյ£ؼ塣
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ƷɫһؼҲ˽⡣Ŵ˼ǹڸ۹֮һǿ壬ֻڰ֮ǰǿؼ屻⵽˻ǧ˿ڻʧҲ˳˴½еһδ֮ա
Ҳ˵ؼǱЩ˸ˣƷ羪ʡ
ûɱҵĸĸɱҵˣҺ޲ýʬΣҧгݰ˵ţϷ˿̹ǵĳޡ
ʵΪҪʵƷ֣ص˵
Ǻǣʵҡҡͷʹ˵ÿҶԼǿһҪǿǣΣǵĲ໹ôԶãԼ뷨ֱ쿪
Ʒɫ࣬ûκεЦ֮⣬ֵֻҪƷѣҾûޱȥ㣬ҵѣ
ƷĻαƷидҲر
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ˣһ⣿ǹɱ֯ġƷɫࡣ
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ɱ֯ͳ찵Ž飬ʵֲ˵갵ܵ飬֪λĿɱڼĴϣԽ˵
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ǺǣҰģ½һЦ
½δҲ̫Ц˰ɡƷ˵
ɱ֯ȷʵɫֵ࣬ɱ֯鼰½ԶħѪħﵽЭ顣ѽ죬ǺռƻҲʵʩˣ
ռƻƷ󣬵Ҳ֪˼ƻľԲе˼򵥡
ռƻҲǶԴ½۹ƻص˵ңҲнμƻҪԱ۹ʮλʥֵͬҵĸɱ֣ҲŴɱĿֻ꣬Ҫƻʼ½взвǿߣ˶ɱ
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˵ָ͢𣿡ʡ
ûƷͷԴӽʥ֮Ʒŷֹ͢صʵжôĿ£ҲԽѪħδ뵽ġ
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ʲôƷ缴ʡ
Ƿǳİɣʵ
ҵķ֮ԶƷصƺ뵽ʲôޱȡ
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ߣҲúúüƻһˡƷһֵǣҪĳȥԽҪ㹻֤ݣ
Ҫ֤ݿԣǵطȽΣա˵
ʲôطƷʵ
׵أ
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600 λ
׵أλڴ½֮أػɽޱȣ˷ڴ档ԲȫûκϢĴڣ˵һЩµʥǳʥޣӾģͨǿ߸롣
׵طҵжţﲢѰȥĵطƷͷ
׵طΣգѪħΧ˵ͬʱҲĵط
ܲǾΪֻѡ׵أҲ̫˰ɣƷһ
صˡɫأ˵Դ֮Ѫħ֪ܵ㣬뷽跨Ķܽ˸죬ʹһطڸµܵ㣬ǳɹ˵Ļʱɾмвˡ
ߣұûȥЩܣһҪõе鱨ԲΣ׵طҾȥһˣƷһĳ䡣
ǵطǷǳΣգѪħͳʵΪ£ôһȥĻԱˣһ֣أƷҪȥ׵أǵǡ
⵹ɷģа취ƷһЦ𸮵ټ̩̹꣬Ʒ缴ʹǶѪħͳ죬ƷҲܱȫ
Ȼһɱ֯ɣȡõ鱨˵
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ڡɫȻʵ𣬾ǱܴҲ޷ʱʵ̸ȥЩµԿӡ
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ռѵʲôر𣿡סˣʵռкˡ
Ȼһ㾪ȵġƷЦЦ
󣬱㽫ڵĿռһһ򵥸һ
֮𾪲ѣȿµĿռǵһֱˡرʱռ䣬ʱһǿ⡣
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ɱ֯ʱйƷһЩϡ
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ˣȰ˫۱ϰɣȻȶľţǧ򲻿κεĵֿһжǰϣһὫ׹Ĵڸ㡣Ʒ˵
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˵գһ³˾ѪֶѪģԴΪ㣡
㣡
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ȻᣬΪ㡣ƷЦЦֵ߰ɣȥһطԺʱɡ
£˵ͷ
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ǺǣЩԭǹ͢þͽҽǣǼǵ֯ƷЦ
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ȻǡƷҡͷɫ˵ǵ֯ţȻ˵ڻȲ͢ɱ֯źܿűΪ½ǿ֯
Һڴǿһ죡ͷޱȵܡ
¹ˣһúȥ˽ŵġƷһɫ˶٣ƷŰ˵ڣʽǽǰĺĳԱ
˵գƷͷֵλŵλϣԺҲǰ쵼ߣԺһжǾҪȫȡĳϵּ⣬֪𣿡
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صۻ롣
Ȼǲǰλ˵ʵرɢһɿµɱʹħҲоη塣
˶̫֯˽⣬λǰλʵǿĺ˾ȻֻǴڵĳϵλãɼŵԶеǿ
Ʒƺ˵˼ֻסԺ󽫻ǵĽΪ֮󣬴½ǿ֯ţ
֪ΪΣƷ˼ŵ˵ⷬʱ˵жΪĸжûƷĻ˵һ˻ǻ˵Ŀ
ߣһ˫ͫȴ˸⡣
ΪзǳףھʱƷаķģԺԲȥƷ磬ȥš
һ֧µİڲõĽһ˸еجεĴڡ


601 ˯İ˿
ʱ֮УһϵӰ
ǣӰĳ֣۹Ĺ硣
˳һͷɫɫĳ£ӭƮɫףѪɫͫס
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Ȼ׵طƷҪȥġ
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ΪƷˡ
ƷǰͻȻһֿǣƷ磬ڻˣ
˵꣡
ವһ
Ʒ⣬̤𽣣Ũĸ飬ٵķ۹۶ķ

ʱգƷĵһҲڹʥнС
һ壬ҲƷҪ壬ӵһۺͨʥǿҲȥԸƷĵһ塣Ʒǡã͢ȥƷݣƷԽӵ׽
ȻֻΪ壬ҲһӵɳҳɳĿռܴƷĵһڿʿ֮ÿһʱ䶼ǿŵһʵ
ڣƷ뿪͢Ѿˡ
ʱ䣬Ʒ籾ǿ츳پڹĦľָƷһʵҲǿࡣ
գڿʿĶ֮УƷĵһڽľޣһʱ򣬹ĦǰһƷĽչ
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ǹ˿𣿡Ʒ缱ʡ
ӦǰɣһЩ鷳Ħü
鷳
Ʒһ㶣ɼˣæʦǸϽҹȥɣ
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ʦǣƷڹĦǳ⡣
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ħ󣡡Ʒһ
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ʱ򣬹Ħʼ趯еħȣڵ黮һħͼһɿµϢԿռ
ûˣƷ簵һû뵽Ħʵ˿£ƷٴζԹ͢ʵ¹
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Ħһһָ߾ħȡ
Ȼ䣬һĿĹâһɳԽȻӿƷĦȫǿ֮С
ģһǿ֮ƳռŤһУƷ˱㱻֮С
âʧֳ˹ĦӰ
Ħħȣ̾һڽҪʲôǿɾҪˡ
һ̣Ʒ㴫͵һֵĵط
һˣƷ㱻ǰľסˡ
ȫð硣
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˿Ǻ죬Ʒʱ̶ڿԼ
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˿һһ׹ɫĹ˲ס˰˿ӣʱʱֵĽӰиԵ֮
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˿ʧ䣬Ʒ˵һСĴƷĵһҲʱ˹͢»صʿ֮أŹĦϰ
֮󣬰˿ҲʽΪ˹͢µʥŮʽʥеʥŮ֮λͬʱ۹ҲʥһֱҪİɡ
˭֪ʥ֮УͻȻĿɣİʹ޲ѣ԰˿ΪʥŮ֮ʼζѾʧȥŮֵҵǣ˿ĸˡ
ͬʱ˿ʽΪʥŮ֮ʥȻĳΪ˹۹ǿļ塣֮ʧصʥ壬Ҳ˶ˡ
ʱգ½֮УƺһжѾƽ
۹һֱڽΪȵģıӻ۹Ҳô׾Ϳɱѹġ
۶ȻһֵĵطҲһ䱸ɭϵĵط۹ĺűפ۶УǻڼػȻ۶˸¡
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ʱȺ֮Уλ׷ԲԵߣͯպ׷ྻɫ£°Ųӣ˵۶֮ǰ
ȻΪǣ˶ҪһǷǷѡ
ڳ֮ǰʮλأʵǲȻ߱Žʦʵ
ǰ׷һߵǰΪһֵݹʮҡ
Щһ㶣һ˽ǱֱӽʮңɲһСĿһ׷߳˴󷽣ԲѰ˵ȣڳ֮ܿ͸ߵʵ˾η
ˣϿԽǰɣʲôҪĻɽлǡһλЦеǰ׷˵
׷΢΢ͷ̧˲ӣֱȥ
һţǰ׷ͻȻ̧ͷվŲųеһУ֪֮У˫Щ졣
ûǰλ׷ߣƷˡ
Ϊ˷ֹݵı¶ƷʹռΪһλ׷ߣϢ䣬½пûܹӵƷʵ
۶ȻǰһַǱȡ
ǣ仯ǣ۶УƷоһɱֻ֮ɱһ㣬пޡиһЩǱС
뿪꣬ƷڻصԼļ硣Ȼ˵ƷǴԴǰδе֮ƷѾ
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ȻΣƷ綼뷽跨Ǳڼ忴Ҳÿ̹ǵĳޣԽ
ƷһĴ磬ŻЩһߵݲ̫˵עĿƷ֮ʱҲж˻עԼ
ֱãƷڻصڼ塣
ǣƷȻǣڼѷ˾޴ı仯ռݵˣΪݻˣҲԽԽɭˣԸо֮⣬Ǽ˾ƺ뿪һ㡣
ǰλӿأɫ䣬һͲǺƵˣƷδˡ
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֪ΪΣǰλߵĻʱве˲壬ϵҲһɡŵǣʹ˰֡
ͷ㾹Ȼҷһλһɱŭȣץȥ
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͵ģһڵĶӿС
ǣǸûз֣˵֮УƷһµ˼ûУɫԽԽ䡣

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󡭡ˣǡǸͷɫֵһָղƷԭڵĵط
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һ̣ƷհĳȺܼĴ֮С
Ȼղ֮Իȥһڼ壬һ΢˽һڼľǸԽһѡ
Ʒû㹻֤ݣҲɱԽɱ֯漰ıƷҲҪȥԸģҲ㹻Խĥˡ
ԣھͶֵĻǾʹݾˣҲ޷ﵽƷҪĽ
ڣָ֮УĴ׷׷Ŀ꣬Ǳž޴Ʒ硣
ƷЩνģȻ˵ͺˣ˻֪֮ģ͢ȥˣһܶԸ
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Ȼ˵˿õƷ֮ˮζŰ˿ްˣ֮ˮĹЧҲֻάְ˿ѡ
ͻȻӭŻʹǰķһλɫԲԵߣҲƷˡ

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ǡǣԵȣСȥӦһ㼫Ϊϲ첽ȥ
Ʒ絹ҲפȴϤĵطпһжǸǰһޱ仯ֻǰҲеһЩѹ֡

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˱˴˿ʱɺûüʻƷдкǺǣɺų
ɺһ㶣ʵʶң
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ȻɺҲԸʾѹĶȼ
Ʒ緢ɺľٶæ㽫ͷŵϢ˻ص˲ָƽ
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ղŵˣ¡ɺһӶƷˣǿΪ磬ǿ߾עᱻء
Ǿ鷳ųϷȥˣڹ飬Ϸ򶨻ᾡΪƷһɫ˵
ã롣ɺ˸𾴵ơ
лˡƷ΢΢ͷȴǰ˿ţѾˡ


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׷ײ²⣬λߵǺηأɺ߷ǳ𾴣ܿ͸λߵʵǳǸ˵ĸо͸ˡ
ȻɺҲܽϾǰλߵʵɲ⣬ڻʹ֮УԲǿЦġ
ֱѩ۵й
ʱصѩѵȺʱȻ֮ǰʧ϶࣬治Ѿõϣֽȼ
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608 
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ڵƷ磬ѾԭųķϲġԺܻ۹Ӣۣ½ӢۣΪƷѾ̤һ֮·
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һȥɭ֮ԼһЩȻɭţϢţ໥šϿ֮Уһ޴ӰͷֻҪȾС࣬һ״еٶȼ죬ֻצӾǵһķٶȲ׽Ҫõ
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ԣƷһţûЩħκεײӴ
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Χĵ˶Уһ˫˫ſ־塣
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ƷһΪҪ׼ԸԼİԭزǿֻܴƷĳˡ
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գۼ䣬ΧĵȺȫ߹ˣ˵˷Բʮ֮⡣
һƷ簵һһ𣬾ͰѵȺˣɼѪеĵȼƶǺεȵԡ
˲ãеȥֻ۾䶢Ʒ磬ƺһ˿Ƶĵ⡣
ȵǣһСӾȻʥأ͸ʵеǣƷ紳ʥصĿĵʲô
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ȻϾˣƷ絹ҲǿһЦǺǣǺãƷ磬ڼ塣
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⻰Ʒɫˣ˵Ҳ˼ҾȻ˿ɷңұ˼һ档
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ܺãŹһЩ飬ǿɵҪúõļʶǲ紫˵ǿ󡣡΢΢ͷս⡣
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һ죬ڰ֮ȥǳƬľбʯ޴ҿһ̵Ĵӡ
̫ǿˣ
ɫֱ˼ˮþƷУ˵Ĳһ


614 𾪵ʵ
ҪͨĿɡƷͻȻֵ޵ǰ
㣡
һԾĺһ
ȻΪ߰壬ʹԵǶôǿĶ֣ȻҲ׵ȥ
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ƷһɫʵǷǳĲˬǼ𣿾ȻҪô鷳ǲǣƷ缸мܽǸſˡ
ǿʼɡƷ絭˵Ϊ򾲵վھ޵֮һȻӡ
оƷӣͻȻд裬һ缱һĳ˹ȥ
ΪϵӵųԽͬеٶȡ
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ģ޲һȫһ𣬿м˲ʮϬķС
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ƷһδӦһǿӿ˹һһ㣬ĲסԼӣǿУγһ޴ĳ籩Ʒ类档
еľżħڿеγһǿУԽʱ档
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죬ʵ̫ˣ˺Ʒ
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ĵɴ˫ۡ
͵ģƷǻҵֱ˹޵ͷ­ϱŭҹһȭ

һȭ޵ͷǱʯݺݵԴһ㣬ҵͷðǣֲ嶫ϱƳ֮Զصӻȥ૵ĺҡôоˡ
Ʒɫһһ󲽣ͬԽռӵǲǰ̧һţ޵Ĳ´һȥ
һţ޸ȫӦ㱻һǿƵ˿У޵ӣһѪ˳
ģƷһӵ˿У˲䳬Խ޵߶ȣӾһȭһȥ
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ţƷĮӰһƬҶһ㣬Ϊ
ʱȫҪԵ޼ΪѵĳӣɫĶƷ磬˵Ұˣ
ղſɲ˼ˡƷ΢΢һ񣬶Щ鷳ɲ֪жٱ顣
ûأ
һһǿҵĻƿƬľȫǿһﾹŭĳƷͳ
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һĻɫβƷ˹ȥƷؼʱʧˣҲʵ̫˰ɣ
ת֮䣬Ʒ羹Ȼ͵վϡ

ŭһ͵һһ͵Ļ˴ӿ˿ȥ
Ʒշһ䣬ӵβһУƷһεĿסľβ
㣡
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գ֮䣬Ʒǰ
ﾪһԵĳƷһȵס
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Ʒһһ˫ȭͷÿһﵽȭٶȻȻһƬȭӰⲢģÿһȭĶʵġ
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ǣһ˿ĻᶼûУǿҲһ;ȭͷҵѪʹôС
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һ֮죬۷׵ʹһУ޴صڵءڵҳһ̵ĴӣɳҰ
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ĿվԭԾǰһĻҵǸղԼûƷͲܶԿʵ
̫ǿˣƷ绹ûʹκεͱƷݺݵѹȭŽ⻹Ǻųǿ


615 
̫ǿˣ
ֻƷ統һĻ򣬺޷֮Ʒǰʲôƶûˣǻ
һվ˺۵ӣĽƷ硣
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ĺǿڴеľţƷ磬ĻǿĶ֣ʹǰˣλֲһ𾴣Ʒʵǵ𾴡
Ȼһ߰壬խ壬ֻҪʵõǵϿɣǾͻԵ쳣𾴡
ǺǣǧǿĶ֡޻˹ż־⡣
Ʒ绹ԶˡƷǫ˰˸ףЦʣλɷҽˣ
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ǣƷ绹ǾЩⲻȥвŶԪЦǺǣǶԪΪ˱ʾղŵǸ⣬Ϊ͸ǰɡ
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˳ԾĶƷϵŶԪȴǿᵽԪɢһǿϢ⶷Ԫġ
⶷Ԫޱȣǧ򲻿¡æ֣ȻõԪ뵽⶷Ԫʵ̫ˡ
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İɣȥɣⶫҴѵǣȱšƷЦЦ𸮸ƿռƷҪжٶԪжٵĶԪ
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ȻԣɡϹϾ˵ƷĴǿʵѾȫǡ
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ˣ
Ʒ뵽Ҫ봫˵еȣԵЩ˷ܡ
ӭǴ۵ĹâƷһ̤˳ȥҰһӱˡ
էһƷȴǾˡ
ǰһƬ޴ޱȵϿȣԲʮټĵ֮Уһ޴Ӱǧͷɫľⳡʵ̫׳ˣҲƷһμ˶ľоһԭʼһ㡣
ǣЩھϢţЩ໥Ƕţʱ̶ĺ֮Ͽȵܱߣһ޴ĶڣӦҲЩסӡ
չȥԶһ޴Ĺ̻Իͣݻ˵ϲղһЩʯ֮Ķȷʵǲ٣ΪƷԸоǱӴĲƸ
ڣƷվ棬һɹֵ֮УƷҲоЩѹ֮Уһɿµ󷨣Ʒţ󷨿ԽԼƷ
Ȼܹڴ½ж壬ʵСӡ
ǺǣˡЦЦ
һ£Ʒǵĳ֣ΧЩоһİϢ׷׳Ʒ˹ִżֲơ
ƷһɫȻһΪ򶨰ӣЩ㵲ѡ


616 ľ
С˭սʿʸĿ߰ɣ
Ӧǰɣˣµսˣǲ֪һʵǿǿ
ȴû𣿿Ӿ֪ѾǳԿˣһʵô𣿡

ʼOO@@̸ǰŵİࡣ
Щ㵣ЩɣҲЩ𾪣Ʒ翴ƲһʵƽƽѣΪǲŸе𾪡
Ҳͺܼ򵥣ڳоȫ͸Ʒʵһͨⴳ
뵽ڴˣ˱սⰻȻսڿƷ罻֡
ȻЩˣЩѿȴһ㶼ó裬ܰһλǿߵУǷеһҫ
ƷһƽһȴǴܱߵЩޱȵ𾪡
УԱϿǧࡣȻռ˴֮࣬ʣµҲһǧĳ
Ҳֿɷ֣һǿԽлûΣһάֳ״̬ܱΡǰߵĻ㶼ӵʥ򼶵ʵߵĻҲнʼʵ
Ҳ˵Ļ㿴ȥнİλʥǿߣ屾ǿ壬ʵҲ͸ˣԸһҲٻ¡
ȻҲ֣֮ŵıձ鼫ĻһܻǧӵıķϲԲһǿ˿Ҳ޴ﵽ
û뵽ǧϢ֮Уʵ˵ǿ
Ʒ簵ĳ˼ţ˵۹ػĻ۹ΣѵʱԻͦ
Ʒ뵽һ㣬Ǳ׼ȥԸѪħɱ֯Ҳ׶ˡ
ǣҪ˵ĻҲô׵顣
һѰ˼һߣȵԵüΪİҲܱߵЩкһֱǻԻ͹ķȥ
ǣ
󾪣ԭΪƷֻһͨʿսѣû뵽ǹеķȥûĻӦþȥˡ
֮У׷׺ĸȥ
ȻһɫĹâ˳Ʒǵǰ

Ʒһȥǹâ֮Уֳһλɫս׵ӣһ䣬ϰƷǵǰ
ڿѿƣǰλԵüΪص꣬а
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ޱ˵ܹûΣҲ;߱ʥ򼶵ʵ˵ʵǻҪǿࡣ
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ţͷƷЦǺǣλǼĴӳ硣
Ʒ硣ƷѺðһ
Ʒ磿ɻһ£ȻʲôԾĶƷ磬ȻʵƷ磡ڼλƷ磡
ǰƷص
ͷȴޱȣλ˵еľţд˵û뵽ھȻ塣
ȴǾըˣԭλڴ½쵱Ʒ磡
˶٣ʣΪ£
֮䣬ҪƷࡣ
ǺǣҪˣܹи㡣Ʒ΢΢һЦ

һû뵽ƷĿģΪҪ
üͷһ壬˵Ʒֵܣ˿ڱչؾޣڿɲô׾ܼġ
м£ֻ˲ܰңͨͨڡƷһֿĿ˵
˼ҲһССĶӳѣܾ¡һǸ⣬ֵǣҿܲ˽ӼĻǾҪʵˡ
ʵƷɻѵ˻Ҫȴܵ
Ȼһ˵УλϿɾУҪ˵Ļþλϵͬ⡣
ԭˡƷ΢΢ͷ򵥵˵ûʵĻҲü㡣
ɣףˡͻȻÿ˵
ллƷһĸм
ǺǣƷֵܣɾͿԼˡЦ
ǰǿɶǺŶʹһҲƷЦЦ
һ˵ġƷȭ
ţƷķȥ
ͻȻһĺȳش˹վס
һ㶣ѭͷȥȴһλµһŭɫĴȺ˹
һˣƷһ£ôЩϤϸϸѰ˼˹ԭ
û˱ѩ˿ĳ֮вìܵۡû뵽¸꣬۶ԼҲһֱġ
֮УҲ޶ĺøСΪĸΪǸ߹ĻƽһֱĿˣʹ˾
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ӣǰ˵ġƷ絭Ļص
ҸһƷ磬ʱ۱Ʒ飬ЩҲŬУȻѾﵽ˽֮Ʒȴǲ̫Զˣܴ
ûҲΪ˿Ʒ˵
ߣ˿㺦㻹˵һ
Ʒüͷһ壬ͻȻʣӣǷϲ˿
ȻϲһӦ
֪˿£ΪβȥƷʡ
Ϊ۽͵ͻȻ˵ˡ
ΪõԼ档Ʒ絭˵
ʲô˼۲ŭɫ
Ǻǣʲô˼ƷһЦϲ˿ӦĵȥʹĳֶζҪȥõҪģֶǷǳıɣ˿Բܵģ㣡
ˣ
۴һ
һֱųĬ֮Ҳֻ֪ǱչؾеڹѡԶ۵ֶΣжûһ衣
Ǻǣѵ˵ûд𣿡ƷԷЦ
ݵһ
ŭֱӰγһϬĳֱƷ磬ŭ֣ұһ
ӣأƷֵܿĿˣ̲ס˵Ϸŭɫӵݣһ˹ȥ
֣Ʒɫľ˼֣ĺߵⱰɵСкʸ˵ң

ŭһƷؿб㼫˹ȥ
Сģ
˴û뵽ͻȻˡ
ٿƷ磬Ǿ㵵ķ֣Ʒһ򾲰ӣɫѩ˪ޱȱ䡣
Ҳסˣ֪ΪΣڶƷһ˫ʱ򣬲ɾзֻϧѾղ
ݣ
һȥͻȻƷؿǰͣסˡ
ʲô
һҲһ
ΪƷ֣ȵסǰϬĳˡʹȻ޷ٵݽһ֡
̼䣬ȫϢ
˵ףҲλﵽ˽ʼʵǿߣϵʥƷֻ赭д̽һ֣ȵĽסһµǣڳ˸ܿƷ絽ʲôʱֵġ
ΪƷĶʵ̫ˣǼһ㡣


617 Ĵ
еĹ¶һ߶ǡһɫĵ졣֮ڣ̻Իͣһɫӳ˾޴Ĺܣӡһ۽ף֣ڿշȥ
֮УϵĽɫ񣬵һ˵Ϣĵ棬еԵħͼֻǿȽϸӡ
ʱͼ֮ϣϥλߡ
λߵװ磬֣Դɫ£ɫ£ɫɫ£˿ɫȫͬ
˵λ߸ԴеĴԪأ硢ˮгŨԪϢλߵʵҲɲ⡣
ͻȻһڵлλϣ

λ߽ȻһƺԵüΪ𾴡
ɷҪˣһλɫ߾ʵ
Ĵ˹»˽˵أ鷳λΪս󣡡
ս󣡡
λһ
ѵǵˣλɫ߱ʣɫ㵡
һλˡص
ˣǺɫɻʣѵ͢ˣ
ǺǣǱԻ֪ˣͨսĻ뱾һɣǲܵĻҲûҪˡ˼Ц
ˡ
λ΢΢ͷоƺڴ˷ǳͿأҲĺ档

˿̣⡣
Ʒһֿ۽ĳһɫ
ӣһܾ㣬Ϊעһ˵ķִ磬ҵͶҲ޵ģƷĻصصأѹһûλӷ
ⲻ֪Χһ۳ԱˣȻûһҪæ˼Ĵʹ졣ƽʱû˸ȥۣȴƷԿˣܲ
۾ˣǺ죬ҪʹѳγǳƷץţǱסһ㣬ˡ
ͷ۳ǺʵǻסʲôûѾ۸ͷ𣿡
˳ĬΪӳȰֹĻҲЩ㳯ƷЦǺǣƷֵܣӦһᣬҲĵġ
Ʒ΢΢ͷɿǳ
ԭΪۻʿɶֹ
ⲻ֪һˣƷһ֣ŭһһתϬĺ⣬ٴȡƷؿڡ
㣡
Ծĵɴ˫ۡ
һʵ̫ˣƷؿҲͼֵľ룬ҪֹҲȫûٶȡ
ݣ
һȥһ˲顣
ǣһ˲䣬ĿȻķ֣ڶƷһ˫ӵʱͻȻȫĺëըһ㣬һɭɱϮȫ
͵ģڲܵʱ䣬ܵĽǶȣƷһֻצӰֲ֪ʲôʱ˹εֿסǳϬĽҲպƷؿϣֻ޷ǰݽһ֡
ʲô
۾һҲ𾪡
סˣֽסˣôܣ
ȫ󾪣Ʒʵòһν
Ʒɫһ͵һѹǰѳ
⣡
۴󾪣ѾղסˣҴǽдĿ۶еĪľ֡
ͻȻ
һ
ĿеĳȻƷֱָ۶ˡ

۾һУǿķݺݵıƷ˳ȥ㵹ɳʮ֮Զصˤڵء
ˣ
ʥǿʥƷϲκεĶʣƾһֻֽһʥ۶ˡ
𾪣Ե𾪣
ȣϢǼµĹһ㣬ĶƷ硣
áǿ쾪ýˡ
޸˵ֱ̿ˮ֮ǰƷսʵ̫֪ˣԭƷصʵҪǿٱ
ô᣿
һ㵣ƷнضϵĳŵҰסʵԼܶԿ
ߣӣأƷһ
ԣܴ뵱ƷһνֵʱҲͲϲѣЩ۶ŬޣΪܹսʤƷϡ
ڣʵʵ̫Զˣʹɳ״̬ҲԶԶ׷Ʒˡ
ţۻվɫȻĶƷ磬ޱ˵Ʒ磡һθҳ裬ҼסЩԺԻúģ
˵꣬۱תһį裬ʧ˵ҰС
Ȼ䵽ֽҲû˻ȥֻۣͬǾúʧһ֮ѡĻλխ
Ʒ̾Ϣһ۵ҲֻܱʾΡ
ȻƷҲôǺ޵ˣұƷû۵һ¡
Ǻǣ磬ȽȥˡƷŴеЦ
á㶵ĵͷȻûӸղŵлع
λƷֳЦЦʽ̤ķΧ
ƷıӰССԵ˸ߴƷǿҲǸе塣
ʥء
һ˵λԱ֮⣬ҪĻԲ
УƬټĹ㳡㳡ʯɣɼݻ
߲ãƷһǰһζϵϢ
Ʒ簵ľҲӰ죬ɫƽżֺ棬Ʒһ̤˽ȥ
㵵ǣڽ빬еʱ򣬲õԽݻⱦ֮ۡ޴ϵľ񣬵ɢһϵϢη
ȻƷ粻óȻ֮ȥ̽飬Ʒ羪ȵǣ֮УǱżǿϢϢ

ƷɻѣѰȥ
ͻȻ
Ʒ緢֣ԭڴ֮УȻλߡ
λ߼ΪĹŹ֣˫ֱۣһһ㡣
ˣ
һλ
𣿡Ʒһ㶡
ڸҽˣѵ𣿡λ߻˫ۣһ˫˫˵ӽƷ硣
һ˽Ծ
ϿλĿҲһͨ˶ѡȻߵ˾;Բʲôͨˣֻ˵֮ȫûܿ͸Ʒʵ
ƾһ㣬λ߱Ʒ缫Ϊ͡
Ǻǣҵеλϣҽסɫ˵
ᰣɫ߸˵
磡ɫ΢΢ͷ
һλɫ߱¶һ˿Цݡ
λϣһһܣƷ㹧СƷ磬λϡ
Ʒ磡
λϾȵĵɴ˫ۣǿŹһƷ磬𾪲ѡ


618 ս
ĴϣӵżߵĵλҲλǰ
ףҲĴϣΪᰣ磬ĳ׾ʥ۷弶ʵ֮⣬λҲʥڼǿߡ
Ȼǽ֮ʵֵüˡλ֣ǰǿҲ֡
ڣλһǰĿоڴ½ʢľţöûзӦ
˵ڶ̶̼֮ڵʱ䣬㽫ʵǿ֮λǹȻ͢⣬ά˿вܶѣȫ½
һƷ磬һĴҲǳƷ¶һѺõЦݣǺǣԭƷСѡϷҵüȻǲʢ
ǳ̫ƷˡƷ̿Ӧ
Ϊ壬һֱڴ½ǶĴڣ뾫ƶҲЩƣƷ߲ʱҲǴֱԼʵݡ
Ǻǣ̫ǫˡ΢΢һЦ˻ϴɻʵˣƷСѣ嵽Ϊ£
ҪˡƷֱԻص
üͷһ壬Գһΰӣ֣ص˵˵ֻڱչؾޣش˷Ըҵȣ˾š
֪˻ҪʱܹأƷʡ
ҲҪɡ׻صΪ壬Ҳһգ۵ѡ
꣡ƷһҪĻѩ˿ɾ汣סˣϣɷи㣬˴οǹأֻ˲ܾȻҵδޡ
δޣ׵һ㶡
ѩ֮Ůѩ˿زѾټȥˡƷȻ
ޣԭλɰСŮû뵽ôѾˡ׵˵ͷֵǺǣϷ˿ǶӡͦõģҲ׷ʲô»أ
ΪҡƷһʹ֮ɫλϣǣ˺ˣһúñǵġ
Ϊѩ˿ҲƷһȥˡ
ǺǣͲˡЦЦ˵иϢǶͦȤġ
ϢƷ粻⡣
չؾ޵ʱҲرԸ˴սĻӵнĻᡣ˵
磿ʲôطƷʡ
磬ҲܵأҲĵط΢΢һЦ
ҴƷ˳˵
ѵ㲻֪սжΣ𣿾ϷʵҲұ֤ܹɹ롣صѵȻƷʵǿԶﴫ׻ǲԸƷ츳ʵ˱̬
ǵɽ𺣣Ϊ˿ҲҪһƷһӡ
Ϸǳ㡣˿ܹѡ㣬Ҳĸ׼ΪĳƷЦЦ
ս󵽵Ʒʡ
վɡһָ󷨵֮иǵͼΡ
õġƷԥ漴ߵ󷨵Ĵһƽȫûη֮ġ
ʼɡλ˵
λ΢΢һ㣬ǿħ
Ԫ
׳һһֳ֮һ֮ವһУӶʧ
ˮԪ
᰸Ŵһ˸һǿҵɫâһ޴ˮӿУֹʧ
Ԫ
Ԫ
ҲǳԪعУȻʧˡ
Ʒ簵ȻħȫתƷȴǸӦһǿµǸһʯһ㣬Ҳó
ս󣬾ǿ߶ȥСӣƷҲκε֮ģڵǿʱӦ׼
ͻȻ
һ
ħ֮УȼһǿҵĹâֱӽƷӸסˣӿһɼת磬ǿļѹ֮Ʒ塣

Ʒһڵɾѹ

λϱ˴һۣΪĬ趯ͬƣȻſ޿ڣŭһ
𣡺𣡡
һ˵֮ӴУλаĬڵħǳˮһĹӿħ֮С
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׵ͬĴһ˫â
Ȼ䣬һǺ˰ĲɫâûƬҰȫʧˡ

Ʒʹ˻һӼŤţѿһ㣬оǱǿгһռһ㡣
һ£Ʒʧǹǿ֮С
һ̣Ʒһİ֮С
ƺûʱƣҲûνĿռ䡣
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ƷǾչȥȻ֣ΧһƬԪ֮֮ʱǿµ֮ԼһȻԪ֮УĶƷ硣
Ʒһͷų֮
ǣƷͷų֮ʱһɸµ˹
ã
Ʒɫ䣬û뵽⴦ռ侹ȻԾ֮˴ĵִǿ֮⵽İԵɡ
ƺǵ޵׵Ԩһ㣬Ʒ絹µʱ򣬱һֱͣĵţȫûκεơ
𣡡
һŭ𣬲Ԫ֮ĹһƷ絹£ͳ˹
պգһͷԶͨľҪıͨ尵֮ɫɱˣڵĳƷɱ˹

Ʒŭһȭͷݺݵĺ˹ȥ
飡
Ʒһȭͷϣһǿˣܱ߳ƬԪؾ龪ֵӿɢ˿
ʹһУ˳ȥʵԪ֮С
ȻƷҲһײе˳ȥԺһεĻꡣ
ǣ
ƷɫӸղͻȻֵǲӽʥڵʵˣǹһȥȷʵƷ羪ѡ
ţһŭ֮ش˹
Ʒɫ䣬оͬʱһɹɿֲϢѤԪ֮УֳһӴӰ˸ǹͫ⣬ʵʵĽƷΧסˡ
ô࣡
ƷأΧЩٶʮֻʵ൱Ʒʮλʥǿս
Ʒ絹Ǳ侲ӦþλϿ˵սˣȻħĻжǿǱض㡣
ǣһԶ϶ǣЩԲʵӵеģֻǽĳֶɵġ
ǣЩɲƷκε˼ʱ䣬һ͵֮ʮֻ׺ĳƷͳ˹
Ʒɫһȫûĥ͸սʱƷʱЩӲƴȻǿԵĶ֮ĵִûƷս
ۼЩҪƹʱ
ȻƷһԾ˲ܹЩȺΧ
ˣһ㲻𣿡ƷЦһ
˵꣬һľӰסƷӡ

ƷһδȫӦһβݺݵĳƷɨ˹
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Ʒɫһʹǰһ㱻Ǿβ˳ȥǹεָԺĻ֮Уǿҵĳ
ˣ
Ʒ簵עΧٶȰΧЩµһ˫˫˸ѪɫͫףߣҴ֪ôˣ


619 ٻ֮
սӦǽĳ̼Щ
ƷѾЩϳСҲЩĹֶˡ
꣬Ҳǻꡣ
꣬壬һֳȻһ֮塣
Щϣھ߱ǿ󹥻ʱͬʱ汸ŶĹ
깥һζµĹȻҪ壬ֱꡣ
룬һ˵Ϊʱ򣬱ˣʧȥܵʶ׸
ȻҲƷеĲ²ѡ
Ϊ֤ԼĲ²⣬Ʒסеһֻ
𣡡
ⲻ֪ȴгƷͳ˹
ƷȻ壬Ȼͷ֮ǿΣȶס״̬
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һȭȥһǿˣʹĺһ˳ȥһεƷ֮С
һƷ׼ǿʵĻȫӰ졣
ߣȻûƷһ߹һĨЦ
깥Ļǰǿ߶һԼĶ֣οЩ
ɣ
Ʒİγ𽣣һ׳һ㣬˸ŰĹƯƷǰ
ûʽ
Ʒڵ֮˵ڴͷ֮ȴעС
ɣƷ羲ı˫ۣζǿĻ壬һ㣬Ун֮顣
ৣৣ
һɭľӰֻĽƷİΧסˣһӣǿĽƷ硣
ƷһĻƺڽУȫܱЩĴڡ
ڣЩҲûˣһ󾪺һӴӰ͵ƣƺƵĳƷͳ
ۼЩҪƽƷʱ
͵ģƷ˫ͻȻһбŷһ˵⣬ĳһ
һ֮£ǵõһ㣬˲㻯һ⣬Щ͵м˹ȥ
ݵһ
һ㴩һֻӣǽӽš
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һıը֮죬ӱըΪ˷顣
ˣ
Ʒϲ֮ٿ𽣣ĻڽУպһ汸ǿ
ݣݣ
һ죬Ƿɳ۵𽣾ǶĶһ㣬͸һֻһֻȻݺݵĽǵӸ˺ˡ
𣡡
ֻȴǳûƷ˹ΪЩҲʵ̫ˣƷ粻һе
ȻƷɲȥӲǣһԾȥһֵֽƣǷɶ𽣼ٵ˻
ЩƺûиоΣѾˣʵĳƷϳ˹ȥ
˼ҲˡƷɫһһĽǰһ
ݣ
һʵ̫ˣҲƵ̫׼ˣЩֻһ㣬ɱƽĿ꣬ĪĽ⣬ǴܱǺ«һһһǵĲд
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һһֻֻеֱըΪ˷飬ɢΪɫ㣬ΧЩԪؾ׷׾ֵӿɢ˿ȥ
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֮ΪƷԭе߽Ҳǽӽһֽǧȡ׼ǾԲġ
ݣݣ
ϬĽ⣬ռ䲼֩һ㣬ĴŰޱȵĽ͸һֳֻֻǱƷһ˺ˡ
սȷʵǿλ϶ȫû뵽Ʒľ񾳣ǿޱȣټ֮ЩȱǵҪ׶Ըˡ
Ŷ̶ʮӵʱ䣬𽣵֮£ҲûˣռԪؾҲƵȫ˵һ
Ʒɻ󣬰û𣿡
˵ЩӦռŨĴԪǣȻѾ޷ˣΪսûأ
ϣҡҿŲסˡ֮ǱѾѪ˿
ҡҲǣһʵǺǿĳҲǺ죬ڵħѾȥ˴롣
Ǹôô죡ľɫ
΢΢ͷɫһ׼ٻ֮ɣ
ٻ֮
ᰵ˾סˡ
ϣôԣģ羪
Բᣡ׹ֹһЦ˵ǺǣʵеĻҪǿĻҲһͬġ
Ƕ֪ܹʱڻ󣬾ȴˡʵҵûлɣʹٻ֮Ļ֮ǡɫǵ˵
Ϸס׵˵ͷһִ˵ʧܵĻϷԸΪԼ
ϡ
˳Ĭˡ
ûǶܺ棬ƷʵΪǶƷ硣֮ĻǶƷ磬ǶԼһΣա
˼ãᰱðɣ޳ɡ
Ҳǡŵ
ͷӦʡ
ãǾͿʼɣɫ࣬Ȼ龡ڵħעħ֮УаСӣϣϷʧ
ţλҲźͷųڵħ
Ȼ֮䣬ĵɫʲһǿ⣬ٴڴгȼĿĲʹ⣬ֱӴӴ֮ҫ۵Ĳʹ⣬һ϶صϢϮƬȡ
ǣ
â֮£еľϵ˵Ϣֱ壬ѹƬȡ
Ŀ࣬૵ľǡ֮
ʱڲʹĺ֮λħ֮УĬһɿɬѶâ֮һɿֲϢһϵ

սеƷ簵һռǹɱƵߵӴԪѾʼˣһɿֲϢ˶
ٻ֮طսΪýٻ
Ҳеӵſµ
Ĵϵʵٻֻ֮мʵĽڶеѡ
ͻȻ
һ
ռеһͽƷ羹Ǳ˳ʮ֮ԶӴԪ֮УƺõĳֿµʼΡ
Ʒ绹Щ壬Ӧɿµ֮ʱƷ羹Ī˷ڵѪҺǿˮһȫ
ô£ƷȫסˣоǱھõһҪˡ
𣡡
һÿռ֮ӴԪ֮Уһʮ׵Ĳʹ۳ΣڳԽɫĶšÿһƵʵĶһǿˣ䲻
ǿ
Ʒ羪ֱʿˮֻǾȶѣֵƷ練һη˼ûС


620 
֪ΪΣĪĸоӿ֮ʱƷͻȻš

Ʒһ𽣱㼫ΪɵĻصƷС
Ȼ˵ǰ޴ĲʹʵвڵԼδ֮ʱƷʱ뱩¶ԼʵҲΪӵõѪĳ롣
𣡡
ǲʹŭһж׼Ʒһ޴Ĳɫ
һգۣƽƷǰ
Ʒ羪һû뵽ǹô͹ԼݣƷһλλоյĶһ͵ĲɫյĴƷ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ǲɫը˿ľ˳ܹ
Ʒ΢ѵĻ𳤽ǰɰԵľˡ
ȻƾһĹƷѲ²⣬ǰѾ߱˰񼶵ʵһ߱ǿ깥ԼĻȣҲ൱ѡ
ԣڵƷǳΣա
֪ΪΣƷǿҵţǰĴڡ
ǲʹһûлƷ磬Ϊŭ˻һӴ˿ûӰٶȣһ󼲷㣬һǿƷ磬ڵͳ˹
Ʒһе˷ܰĲڵעУĻС
͵ģƷһӭǲʹгɱ˹ȥ
𣡡
ǲʹҲ˷ܵſ˾޿ڣһ̣Ǻڶһľ޿ڶٶһɿµУһǿ֮
Ʒɫ䣬û뵽˵Ŀ¡
ǣƷҪȥѵĻʱ
ȻˣҾƴһƴˣƷɫһһ󵨵ľٶ˳˹ȥ
ԭ֮ͺǿټƷ籾ٶȣƷٶԱǿ
ݣ
Ʒ˾һѸճʵһ㣬ۿȥһѡ
ȻǲɫҲһû뵽һССྐྵ˴
͵ģǲɫͻȻ˾죬ǹǿʧ˿ûиıƷĹơ
ɱ
Ʒŭı˹򵥵ֱӴ̳һǲɫüġ
𣡡
ǲɫŭһ͵İβһ쫷ٵӭƷɨ˹
ʲô
Ʒ羪һǾаʵⷴӦ빥ٶʵ̫ˣȻ׷Ʒ硣
ڣƷѾղˣɴҧأǿһӭһǿ͵β
䣡
ǿԱըΪģ;Ʋ۵Ĺ⻪Ƭռ䡣
һ
ƷѪǲɫһײ֮УԲУԵƷڣڵһĵ˳ȥ
ţǾıѹ֮£һɿֲ깥ű˹ƷĻ֮С
ˣ
Ʒһһ¿ҪĳԿˡ
飡
һıըƷԺƷڡ
ε깥̰֮جһ㣬ƺҪռƷоһ㣬͵ӿ˽ȥ
û취ˣ
Ʒ˫һ죬һ̣ǱƲѵĽпħˡ
Ȼһ̣ǱƷѾõһڱ˳ڵһĽ⡣
Ȼǵ⿪ʼԽԽǿңУѪƤ⣬ΡҪȫסƷ壬ƷҲǵõ˽һĿ񻯡
㣬ǵƷѭת˼ȦȻӿƷԺ֮Уֱӽǹݺݵı˳ȥ
飡
Ʒҵһ𣬽䣬һ׾ˡһޱϵ֮ɢƬռѹͻȻóޱȡ
Ȼǽâɢ֮УǲʹԵľˣǱһ㣬Ųһ˫Ӷǽгſ־塣
̺Ϣ
̩̹֮֮꣬
ϿȵʱƷĪĵõ֮ĴУֻ֮ǱƷֻʹýʱ֮Żᱻ
ǣֻ֮ΪƷǿѣȻƷҲ޷ӵǿÿһεļУҲᾫһ֡
һΣȫĲͬһμŨҪʹýʱҪǿʵࡣ
ǵãƷ񴫳еʱ򣬿˵ĳˣˣҲԭ൱Ϊ̺֮ϢССλܱġ
ԣڸӦƷɢĿ֮ʱȫĿ־ˣʧȥ˷ʶ
â֮УƷǿҵţĻӾ𽣣հĴۣĻŰƬռ֮С
أ
ǲʹǱһ㣬Եĵͽš
ǣƷ֮跢һʰ
룬һʢˣͻȻήˣ޷ȥͷųָоѹֵܣעһƷǲˡ
ʽ
Ʒĵͺһһɫ⣬˸߿գԾ֮ƣĲʹ
䣡
Ƭռ䶼ţĹⲨϵҪƬռѣҫ۵Ľ⣬һСԭǲʹϵĹâ̼ҲǱð޹⡣
սҰ
ƷһһǿҵĽһε
𣡺𣡡
â֮У˲ֳһ޴ɫĳţ׷ſѪ޿ڣĲʹϺȥ
¡¡
˵ıը֮಻ϵǲʹ׺ݵŰ˿Ǻ˵һ㣬ıϾš
𣡡
ǲʹʹĺ֮޴ϱըһһɹɵĲɫѪҺһĴϵĿӿ˳ϵϵʧš
һ
һȫȼŽƷ𽣣ǵ֮ƣĶǲƲĲʹϳĺȥ
䣡
һ죬ռ䱻Ťˣʹ㱬ը˿
֮УĲɫ㣬һɹɵĹӿƷڡ
⣡
ƷһתϲΪʹԭӴԪƷ㿪ʼ̰ӴԪ
̫ˣ
Ʒޱȵ˷ܣû뵽´սʱ򣬷Ȼ̵һʾ޴ĺôӴԪ֮Ʒڵħǿʵ࣬ϵħǿȣѾҪͻƵʥڡ
оʵ̫ˡƷΪܰһſ˫ۡ
ţһϮ˵ĹâУƷص֮С
˼ǣƷһֱƺվԭزΪһֱûħ뿪
Ȼͷλϡ
Ȼ֣˿ȺɫѪǶŹһֵĶƷ硣
˵֮ǰƷǳɹս󣬵λʹطٻ֮
ԭΪƷʧܵĻǱԸҲԼ
û뵽µٻ֮ҲƷˡȻǸоʵսȽһ˲䣬ǺպոӦһɼΪµϢ
ǹϢҪӵĿֲ


621 
ϣǣƷɻ
׵˲ŷӦ˹Ȼ⾪ɫƷ統ǹһĶš
Ǻǣİɣǲ޴󰭡΢΢һЦ˻ʣһϷЩɻ󣬻𡣡
ʰɡƷЦǺǵĻصʵ֪йԼϵ֮ˡ
׼ʣղʹٻ֮ʱһ˵ƳģǸеȵ㾹ȻƳ֮ˣҪǣǾȻܹоϢһΪϢϢûУǵʲô
ǺǣɻԵõһλ˵ĴУϲŻ߱ϢƷ絹ûֻʡȥһЩҪġ
񴫳У
׵˶Ȼ󾪣ɫĶƷ硣
洫УⲢ֣֮˵Ļǿɾˡ
У򵥵˵ǵһλʱ򣬽иʺϵˡ񴫳еĻȻǵôиͳѪƷ粢޴ֵѪ
ȻõĴУԺΪǿҲʱԵ⡣ҵõ洫еĻӵб̬Ļ£Ҳﵽǳ˵ʮٱϣ洫жֲ
֪Ʒܵ洫пܻǲҪˣ
˼ãײ̾ˣҲ˷ǳ㡣СֵܣԺǰ;
ֻҪܹԼߵ˾㹻ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
׵˵ͷʣˣ񴫳еʱи˵ʲô𣿡
֮У԰һ˿𾴣Ƕ񴫳ߵľ⣬ҲǶ𾴡
ǵ˵ϣԺܹ壬Ϊڲ֮󣬴½пܻһѣʱϣܹһ֮ƷһӣȻЩƣҲ˵ʵѪħִ½ĻȡĿӦû۹Ϊ۹ĺ̨壬ȻҲǶ㲻ˡ
ˡ׳ذĵ˵ͷ˵»úȥɣԻоϵġ
ǺǣˡƷЦЦ
ţױλ˵ħɡ
ϣɫǣΪսߣղ󷨱Ƶʱȷʵش
Ϸû£ʼɣ¿ܹϵ壬ǿɵ𰡡֣ص˵

ᰵλϵ˵ͷȻ֮Уȶסֿʼˡ
Сֵܣվɣǻħ硣˵
õģллˡƷΪмڸղʱǶѾشʹħĻǿɾѩϼ˪ˡ
񴫳ߣҲѡһЦƺѾȷƷϵ
ţ׵λϱ㿪ʼħˡ
˼ǣħսȻصһģΪħͼӵһʵ̫˼ˡ
ò˵ȷʵħԶһ壬յħرϵ裬ڴ½оǿġ
źǣķʵ̫ˣȻĻܹư½
󣡡
״һ̽һָһâ
̣λҲŴһϸһâעڴħ
ʱĵâע֮ħ㿪ʼˡ
Ȼ䣬Ʒµ棬һӵħͼֶҫһǿҵɫâƷУպոӦһǿĿռԪز
ȵǣƷ羹Ȼ֣ħʱ򣬴ĿռԪؾӿƷڡ
ռԪأһεģڿޣǻԵ
λħ󣬾ھħ󣬲ȻҲӵôӴĿռԪأȻĪıƷա
⣡
λ϶סˣ׼ħУĴռԪؾƷˡ
ͣ£׳Ｗ˼

˵ͷٴħΪĿռԪرƷգħû㹻Ŀռ֮д͡
ԣλϵٴħ
ȿȣ
׺ȻȳһѪһεεϡ
ϣ
ᰵ˾һ
ͣ£Ϸû£׺ſڹִĻصںѪҺӲ˻ȥ
Ʒüͷһ壬ƺӦһЩ졣
ɣ˫ۣƷ緢λĲ԰ס
ϡƷΣû뵽Ϊһ˾ȻôƷıȫıжˡ
͵ģƷסǿ֮ѸٵķڵڣǿֹЩռԪصӿ롣
ǷֿռԪûٱƷգΪľϲӿħ
ڣħγˣսͼ˿
ǿҵϹ֮УȻֳһռŤڶһǿ֮Ʒ绹δӦ㱻Ťĺڶ˽ȥ
̣âʧƷӰҲʧˡ
λҲǿڵħȴ˴롣
ͣ
ͻȻѪĵ¡
ϣ
ᰵ˽ԾһȥѪɫף֮ϣѪ
ϡϷû¡˵մȾѪ߾ȻЦˡ
αأ̾ϢһΪ˰Ʒ磬λϿǴˡ
Ǻǣ˵ĴߣȻܹΪߣȻ˵⡣Ϸã˵ѡûдȷʵһǳرˡҲԺܹı½ˣҲܹıˡһЦ˵ƷʱԵ쳣˷ܡ
λԸı½˵ǿ߻᰾ʡ
ԣϷŻӦǿ϶һŲɵӡ
ˣ
֮ǰλʹطʱ֪֪֮ͫ̽̽δĲã彫⵽֮֡
ѣȫֹΪʱ֪֮ͫ̽УлһλԸı˵ǿߡ

һ̣Ʒ羹Ȼ͵һƬĵط
ΪﾹһƬɫޱߺãȻһƬʹƷ֮Ҳ޷֪̽Ƭ
ͬգ̫۵ں֮УһƬƬʯĹâ
оһУͲǻþΪЩʵġټĺ֮ƷȫӦκε
𣿡ƷǾ
ʱƷ˫Žںˮ֮УãȻңƬˮȴȫҲӰ


622 ƵĶƴ
ãƷ㳯ãȻȻйĺڼƷðţܹһ
˵꣬ƬȻһƬƽûκεĻӦ
ѵħ͵ʱʧˣƷ簵ֹš
ţһϵЦʵĻǺǣû뵽ǾȻôͼˡ
Ʒ簵ľ
ȻԭƽĺУһɹĺˣƷĲԶֳ֮һ޴С
޵׶һ㣬ϵĽΧĺˮ˽ȥ

Ʒһоɺ˵Ŀ£ն𣬽ԽˮС
Ȼһɿֲ֮ӿɢ˿̼оƬƽͻȻһ㡣
ţ֮У̽һž޴Ľɫͷһ˫ͫעƷ硣
һѷĳݺݵƷؿУƷ粻һ
𣿡Ʒ簵һά˿˵ҪŸ塣
ıѹ֮£ƷȻһΪ򶨰ӣž¶һ˿Цݡ
Ȼǻ˵Ļѳܲסɿµƨһͷ
Ǻǣ˵Ĵߡ֮Уż͡
ô֪Ʒһ
ûشǾ޴ͷ­ֳ˺
Ȼ
һ
һ޴Ľɫг˴Ƭ˻â֮УպֳһλϵӰ
缸ǰǰһλԼʮµӣͷɫͷ֮ϣСС¹һǣĿǣһݣŽ£¹ӵһ߰
ʱƷţΪ͵ЦƷ硣
Ʒ΢΢һٴһ񣺡Ʒݼˡ
ǺǣôˡЦЦ˵ǧܹս֮٣ܹˣ֮⣬Ҳֻˣ
ˣ絽ʲôطƷʵҲƷΪеġ
磬Ҳһռ䡣͵
ռ䣿Ʒһ㵵ӡ
û˵ͷ˼ֽ֮ɫ磬ǳģϧѾˡȴһռ䡣
ռ䣬ܵ˵Ҳ࣬һԵռ䣬һֱǹ̶Եռ䣬ڵڶ֡
ԭˡƷ˹жռҲԽӵ
ðɣԸ߱ĿˣֻΪɡɫͻȻ
ĿĵƷͷ
Ǿ˵һɡֶһϴӡ
һҲΪ˿Ʒ˵
˿üʣ˿ôˣ
㲻֪𣿡Ʒ練ʡ
һֱڱչؾޣ֪أɻ󣬼ˣ˵˵˿׳ʲôˣ
زѻţҲǳŲ˶ˡƷɫȻ
ʲôزȻôҪ˿סˡ
һҲҶѡƷһʹ֮ɫˣֻľѪܾȻ˿һˣƷܹһξѪ
ѪüͷԼǱչ꣬ʵо·׳һξѪĻǿɾͰ׷ѹˡ
ɱСһεľѪΪо֮ѪҲϢϢġ˵һξѪǰξѪҲʧΪ
򵥵˵һʵģȻѩ۵Ĺϵѩ˿ҲкøУҲûҪΪһ˵װ˷ԼΪҲ˽ġ
֪ΪΣƷ翴ɫ¶֮ĪĸеЩߣ˵ѵҲ˿Ƶü޸ۻӲԸ𣿡
˵ʲô˫һɣȻŭһɿֲϢݺݵƷ˹ȥ
ѹʵ̫ǿˣƷ羪亹ȴԾ⣬˵˿µʱۻӱԴΪѵ˲֪𣿡
Сӣŭ⣬Ʒ磬һɫ˵㣡ԲʹֱɵֶΣ⼸걾һֱڱչǱޣں۶һŲ֪
ȻΪһ֮Ȼ˱ɵ뷨Ʒֻ֪˴̼һѡ
ˡƷͷ۽֣ص˵ڣҿܹʩԮ֣˿ʲôĻƷһ
üͷһ˵㻹ͦں˿ġ
ȻҵδޣƷ缫ΪĻص
ǺǣûУǱ񴫳ߵʵǳĸȤһЦ˸žâ
˵Ʒʵδʱ򣬱뵽Ľ޷ġĲеĻƷ͵ʹıֶΣʹ̩̹ꡣ
ڣֻϣҪ̫˶ѡ
ȻҲһûзִˣȤζЦǺǣɣֿܵȭ֮ԻԸһξѪΣ
ã
ƷһӦһԥ˼ûС
š˼͡
ţûѡ񡣡Ʒ絭Ļص
ܺã񴫳ߣǾȭΪʤɡͻȻ˷
Ʒصĵ˵ͷ˵ѾòˣȭҲ׼ܳܵġ
ǺǣҪ׼ˡ΢΢һЦڰܱߵüǿÿռ¶ñ
Ʒһ֮ɫݺݵսȭͷȫ
ΪƷв룬ڵһȭʱӦòֹأԵһȭ԰ȥʣµȭֻҪĻƷͻҪȡʤĳ룬Ǳǿħ״̬ıħ֮󣬱ܴﵽʵӲȭĻ޶⡣
ϾƷǿҲģټ֮ǰսе̼֮ƷֱԭȻҪǿ˽ʮ
һ㣬Ʒ绹һյġ
͵ģƷһһȫļ屬ըԵǿˣ˫ȭ𣬳ǿϢ
պգһɵƣƷ˿
ܺáԵЩЦЦһȻ䱬ǿƣΪߣƿɲܱѹˡ
ƷȻ壬ӿĿƹӭȥ
ʱ䣬ռоɵжԵǿŷĳľޣ͵ĽţһһƬռӿ˿
䣡
εĳ֮֮ĺ棬ӿ˳žˣˮƬˮҲʼûҲ
̫ǿˣ
ƾ˵Ƴ˿ռ춯
ʱǾֲѣû뵽ʵԶԼƷ磬ϾȻӵ˿µƣ˿Լ


623 ȭ
˷ܵĴЦһһȭ̺һɿµǿƾ˺˵ӿ䡣
Ʒһأȫڵ
룬ǾŰ񼶵ʵʹǶƷЩˮ֣һȭɲǿЦġƷħ֮󣬾Ѿеĸожֲ
ˣ
ɫһƷ硣
˾ְܷɡƷ絭ĻӦһ
ǣǱɾͲˡһȭ𡣵ڵһȭʱҲֻһʵѡ
һȭҲǶƷʸ飬ƷһȭסĻʣµȭҲûҪټȥˡ
ŭһף
һȭҫһĽɫâ
ŭĻȭףÿһ׵ͬ졣
ವһ
һ㣬ڵսȭͷƷֱ˹ȥƿ֮ƣ
Ʒһ˫ƣѾõ˲ע˫֮Уһζǿָ趯һֵơ
ȻƷȫ޶ͷţرǹƣҲˡԭƷ۾ʱۼʶƷǹĹԼ̾ǿ似
ûƷ׼ӭһȭʱʹ̫ȭ
̫ȭһǿ˸յһȭԸһȭĻʺϲˡ
Ȼ˼ײһ̣ʶƷǹ似еȭּһ֡
ݣ
һȭʵ̫ˣƺݺݵĳƷϺ˹ȥ
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Ʒһڿն߰Ļţһһ㣬ֵ趯֮УּѾһǿ
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Ϊ𾪡
ΪһȭպѾˡ
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͵ģƷ˫һһǿľˣȻһȭɢ˿ȥ
ƷɫᣬӾ˳ǹɾˣƮ˳ȥȫûܵκεˡ
ٸֱһ飬ȭȻĪˣѡ
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ֻöѡƷǫЦЦ
ôõ𣿡Ʒ磬ɫ˵ڶȭûˡ
ţɡƷͷ
ղһȭǷˮټϱڵһȭʱ̽ΪȫĳȭƷſԽ̫ȭɵĻһȭ
һȭ϶ˣƷҲܹʼˡ
ԣȭƷֻӲƴųŹȥˡ
Сˣ
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һ˾޴Ľɫ˵ѹ£ƬˮҲѹȥ˱һͷͷްķţеҲѣһѰѷİһ㣬סƷ硣
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ԭΪȭҲƷ֣û뵽ڵڶȭʱѾʹδǰȫʵټǿ¾Ʒ綼Բ
ҲƷܹά˿ʱ򲻰룬Ȼصʵ򵥣ȭĿģΪ˱ƳƷʵ
ɵҡƷ簵һҲһأڵתȫ֮С
ڣƷҪĿĿɲƴǽһеķϣϾƷ籾ӵŲ׵
ϣҲˡ˫һһϱӿŰԵľ磬ǻһɫ⣬ƿն
һȭٶȻǹȣǱȵһȭǿʮ
ƷȻ壬Ҳκεֵ˼ӭޱǿ͵һȭһǹעһƳ˫ơ
ŭۣ
ȭͷǿƵÿռ䶼Ťˣȭͷһž޴ʯĳƷײ˹ȥ
䣡
һ춯ذıը֮һȭݺݵĴƷ˫֮Сȭ֮䣬ټ˳һǿҵĹâһεľŰڿռһɹҵķ籩
Щ籩һŭĳǺзľţƬˮƺƷ˵ĺ˾Ǹߴʮɣ˲̸ƷӰ
䣡
һ죬һԲĹⲨû뵽Ⲩ˵Ϭĺ˾ⲨضϣɢΪ˳Ƭˮ

һʹĽƷӾ˳ǹⲨеƷ˳ȥзѪμҪ˺ѿһ㣬԰ס
˵һ
ҵĺֽһƬˮƷڵ׹˺ˮ֮С
ɢˮ֮У֮УֳϵӰ
ֻʵ𣿡̾һԵЩʧ
ʱƷѾ˺ˮ֮УӲϵĳţΧˮѹҲǱԽԽǿƷܴˮѹ͵ĴݲƷ塣
ǿƷ簵š
ò˵ȷʵǱ̬Ʒ߲۷ټϱǿڶȫһȭʱƷҲΪܣѾܵشڵҲǱЩҡ
£Ʒס˳ӣ˫ۣʼǻϢȻܴӣټıңǿƿɾͼˡ
ڣãƷϵѾָ˰˲㣬ҵϢҲȶ
͵ģƷһ˫ۣ߹һĨЦ⣬ЦԳһǿҵš
һ
Ʒһ˺棬ն
ţһ㶣ǰ°Ʒ磬Ϊȵ˵ǿ˱һȭȻܹô̵ʱڻָ
лл˵Ŀ佱Ʒһ񣬽˵õȭˡ
ˡҡҡͷ
ΪʲôƷһ¡
Ļصʵ˵ʵղŲǱ񾳽ȫһȭҲ˾Ų֮ѡ㻹ǲȫĵֵסˣˣһȭǱȫֵĻɾΣˡô˷һ˲ţúûȥɣٶһ꣬Щܵסȭˡ
Ʒһ˫һ˿ɭĺ⣬ɫͻȻüΪᣬһǿҵţ˵ңһȭҾԲʧģ
򣡣
һ֪ΪΣڶƷһ˫ͻȻù֮ʱоȻĪĸе


624 ʽ
ʱоƷϵ䣬Ϊ𾪣ҲԵ쳣ļ
ãǾٽӱһȭɣڵֿʼš
͵ģһһɿֲ˱ŷ˳ǿѹƬˮڣһŵľˣ
Ʒ˫һ죬һħһ״̬
ʲôħһ£ΪˣԾĶƷ硣
𣡡
ƷҰްŭһ˫ȭսȫһȫͨǺ֮ɫʼȾΪ˰֮ɫ˸ѪɭѪ⣬ƷէһħаסϣŷӴӹ֮£ȫȥ֮УƺҪһ㡣
ƣϵıţе˻ҵıƷڵš
桭ǿħ㵣ϵĶͣޱȾȵĽƷϵı仯
ħ״̬
Ʒһףŭ˻һ
ȻƷھҵŤţѪ¶һ㣬ɼľѪȻǰɫ
󣬳ıƷѾ׳׶ߣϵȫƾѪɫƤһǳһҰһǳһԾ޴״ѪɫڵһηţѾﵽ˰֮ٽ㣬ֻһˡ
ħ״̬Ʒһ
ٵһ£Ʒϱһ۵ѪɫââֱӽƷӸ˽ȥ
ģѪ⵭ʧֳһλаӡѪɫͫףͷϹѪɫӡǡޱȵŮӶʼɣǱ¶ССǸԵ쳣ȣԴ߳һԳļµľǣӵ֮ǳԾ޴ĺɫ״
ûȫħ仯Ʒ硣
Ȼ˵ڵƷúÿˣҲ֮ǰǳªĹˣҲСˡڵȴȫõµĴﵽ˰񼶵ǿʵ
ȻҲȫľˣɫĽǰȵƷ磬ʵ㡭ôӵĿħѪͳ
ǺǣĺˣҲͬʱҵõĿħѪͳƷ絭һЦ˫ȭоԼϵΪ⣬ˣʸսһȭɣ
һȭԻʹȫΪʵܿ᱾
ȻƷҲԻȫԸƷݺݵȭͷһ˫
ǿħ۶˭ʵжôǿƷжĪӵһǿҵ°֮ġ
ڣ֪ƷصʵǿħҲûҪˡ
ŭף
һȫһâʢţǿƺɫ䣬ӿĺˮӿ
飡飡
ˮ֮УͻȻһ޴ˮΧܣһһĳıѹƷ硣
Ʒһɫڿգǿ֮УȻ壬ڵĿħȴǷת
û뵽ǣڽпħ֮ԭǿһγɱǿ壬Ʒ˿·硣
𣡺𣡡
һŭˮŰǺ֮УȻƬձúѹѹһƬֱһ˸еĿֲϢ
֮䣬˸ŽޱȵֳΣ鶯ǿ˷ܵƷ磬ЦʳԣȻһȭԲԱ֮ΪҲò㣬ȭԲǿߵķһ
šƷͷҲоһȭĲ
ڣǿƣƷյڶѧ֮Уֻһ似Եֵס
Ǳǽʮƣ
ݵһ
Ʒһֳ𽣣쳣˷ܵ⡣
ţ
üͷһ壬Ļ𾪡ԭƷӵпħѪѾ㹻ˣû뵽ֻһɢǿϢƷӦҲƷ
ڴ½֮УҲȼѡںǿܻɵҲֻ൱ڰѡ
˵ףҲһǧϹȴʼղƷֵĵʲôδţƾη
ĨһݼЦ⣬ƷʱڵѪҺǱ÷
Сֵܣɷסһȭֵ֮ܣ˷ܵĴЦһ
ֵܣƷ㵣ıֿɱԼ߶ˣû뵽ȻҪԼԺֵܡ
Ȼֱ˲ҪײҪиôõĻᵱȻô˷ˣЦԺǱҪ磡
𣿡Ʒ硣
ңƷϲһЦ
ɱʧɫһжԼĳƺѾȫĸıˣͬȵȥ
İɣҾԲʧģƷ˫ȭ߬֮˳
ȣ
Ʒһ͵رһɿֲ
Ȼ䣬ƷϣһǿҵĽɫǿ⣬һɿֲǺһӿ˿ȥ
֮
ȫľˣҲ־ˡ
֮ǿǴﵽʹ֮ӵ񼶵ʵڵ֮ھ֮
Ʒϵ֮ʱʱֵɢһ˵ϣϣΪһ֮о˾֡
ͻȻ󵨵뵽һ㣬Ʒܵ񴫳УҲһλ쵱λǿпܱǳ
ǵʮ֮ǰǿʱ
ʵǾߵʵ
뵽ڴˣʼɵĶˣΪʲôһ֮ˣԵõĴأ
ҾͿ㵽ʲôʸ񣡡һһչбһˮǻΪһ壬һ޴ޱȵˮҲ˾֮С
𣡡
˵֮쳹أ޴ˮںŰһӴˮУˮ֮УǿҵĽâֱ֮С
Ʒ޾ɫڵ֮ѱȫļڿħ֮УڵѾ˴δﵽĸ߶ȡ
䣡
Ƭˮҵķ޽ӽռҲ಻ϵţŵľˣľޣڷŭıš
𣡡
޴ˮǿҵĽ⣬ǿ͵ĳƷǵذѹ
ˣ
Ѿгˣ
ƣƷȻ壬սⰻȻѾõŷ趯𽣣ڵͷŶ
ʽ󴨣
һװı֮ƷеС
ʽвôĻıǽһ㣬һɿµǶĻһѽ
𣡡
һ޴ĽɫټгȻӭˮ˹ȥ
ٶ֮䣬ֻʣǿľ
Ȼǿʼӭű˴˶ķ򣬳ıƽš


625 Ѫ
𣡺𣡡
͵ӭű˴ӿƺѾʧȥԭеĹʣƬˮҲƷһһγӴĺˣ¶˺µĵ档
Ʒ罣ӽʵ廯Щ
֮ǽĺ֮۷ƵĹҲŭһԻֵһֶֹΡ
Ҳ˵ҪˮǽˮУʵͻδĳȭһڰеɱ֣ȴʱ֡
䣡
ƺжԵײһǿʾĳţײš
飡飡
ÿһεײὦһ۵ĹߣһǿƲ᲻ϵܵϮˮҲѡ
էһںˮڲţӴѾľΪһ塣
Ȼǽɫƣһ㣬ƻĲˮϣսˮϵļѹˮ
𣡡
ˮƺʹĺУ޴ӿʼľ
ǽɫʵΪ£ںƷǱص֮ƾһԴݻ٣˵ӵеǿ
Ʒһ轣죬Ȼһƣ
𣡡
ǽŭһϷҫ۵Ľɫǿ⣬һɿֲŷһһˮ֮С
̼䣬ˮĽṹ㱻ǽƻˡ
䣡
һ죬ˮǺ˵һıը˿ΪˮӿֲľˣƬĺˮҲɾ˸ѹȥȻƿ˾޴Բ֮ˣ಻ϵĳܱӿȥ
ڲŸտʼأ
һŭǻҵˮ֮УȫɫͻȻǽɫ
ȻƷɲԸһȫĽѹסҲ翴һʽٿǻδɢĽΪ׺ĳڵϳ˹ȥ
𣡡
ǽſ˾޿ڣ۳һ״ɫţ׼
ⲻ֪ٶȸ졣
ವһ
һգ۱嵽ǽľ֮ǰŭһȭǽŵǵɫк˹ȥ
͵ģһȭǽɫС
ǣһȭǱһǿ˽ȥһ㣬оƷĹһ㣬Ϊһȭ˺Ʒ硣
ȻֻƷʹýûĽֻһ壬ʵ壬൱һͷ֮塣
Ҳ˵Ŀ꣬Ʒ磬Ʒ罣ͷųһ壬ֻǽӽʵ廯ѡ
ԣˣ
ǣҲû뵽ǣ䣬Ȼд˹µĹ
رһȻ⵽ʲôɢǿ˵ƣϵΪֵ
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ûʱ򣬱߱ϵϢν棬ⶫ
䣡
һıը֮죬һȭǽڣȭ̺ǿڽڷŰ
ʹǽɫƲϾʵҲġ
䣡
һ죬ǽƺʹ˻һ޴˿ѺۿٵȫһɫǿѺм˳
ŭһȭеּӴ˼֣񾢵֮ԭͿҪƲĽ֮С
ڣǽʵǵסˣǿȭбȻը˿һɢΪĽɫ㡣
Ȼ󣬱ըϢΪңεˣƬռϮȥƬҲƺƵƷˮеҰ
ಣಣ
ӰǱըľ֮У߼ٵĵ˿ȥ뿪ʮ֮Զ
ʮ֮ڵĺҲǱޱȵĻңһǿŰ֮УںγһǿƬԽӵĲ
֮ԭʵĵ棬ҲɾƸƵ÷׷˿
Ǻˮ֮ҲĻɾĳ֮УǷǡ
һƬĻңʮӲŽĿʼƽϢ
ʱԶ֮ͷԵЩɢңԵЩǱѡ
ղһڽƵʱû뵽ǱصǶôĿֲըʱ򣬼ʹǿ壬Ǳը֮ĳҲ˴
ǺǣҵȻסˡƷЦֵǰ֪ʱѾԭģǻһɾİ¡ղһƷһ˶ûС
㡭㵽ʹõʲôΪλ֣ʵ۽Ʒ磬ΪѾȫⷶΧ
ƷЦȻɲ˵ǽĻҪˡ
⹦ͦرģǿ޵Ҳ֡Ϊ񴫳ߣ˵ܣ棬Ҳ׷ʡ
ˡƷͻȻʲôЩ˼ͷЦˣǲʲô
ߣôأ˵ȻѾסȭԺǱֵˣԺʲôµĻԻͦ㣬бڵĻǽ̻ǼһҲ㣡ˬƷļΪĵɪ
ҡ˵ĲƷԵЩΡ
ʲôһɻ
ǡǸϵѪƷԵЩε˵
ޣԭѾ׼ˡЦǺǵóһСƿӣһֵݹƷ硣
⣿ƷסˣǾĽӹСƿӣУȷʵǸӦСƿйȶǿϢӦѪ١
磬ⶫʲôʱŪģƷɻʵȻԳֵˣƷ絹Ҳ˳ڵĽΪֵˡ
Ǻǣʱұһֱڹע㣬ȻҲ֪⣬ԱΪ׼ˡհЦЦ
ǺݺݵˣһѣƷ˫ۡ
ҲˣʵûеõҵϿɣѪɲܾ㡣˵ѪʵǿԼʵȡġЦе˵
ҲǣǿɾлˡƷ絹ҲĽСƿӸѪѩ˿ǿԵþˡ
˵أѩ˿ǿЧѪҲﵽ˵
СӡЩҡҡͷͻȻ뵽ʲôʵˣ㲻Ϊ¶𣿵һѾˣǵڶأ
Ʒһͷţˡ
˵ɡƷӣҲ֪²
Ʒ˼˻һɫʵ磬֪Ѫħ壿
Ѫħ壡Ϊɫ
Ӧ˵ֳһ˿־塣


626 Ѫħ֮˵
Ʒ翴ɫе䣬ʣ磬ѵҲ֪Ѫħ壿
ô᲻֪ݺݵ˵ȼһɳްĻ⡣
ţڶ£ҲѪħйأһ¹Ѫħ顣Ʒһ˵
Ѫħ壬ħһǳµ壬ӵаѪǱǡصĻص
ħ磿Ʒһ㶣Ҳڴ½֮⣬೬Խڴ½֮λ棬λλ֮ͨû𣿡
еġ˵ǣڴ֮У͵λǿ߿Խߵλ棬ߵλǿܽ͵λ档ڵĴ½ڵ͵λ棬ħλ档һ˵ûбͨĴ£ħ֮ǲܽ½ġ
ΪʲôѪħִֻ½أһ漰һǳӴ塣ƷǺʡ
ǧǰħ֪ͨΪԭѵħû˴½֮Сҵǣѵֵʱ̣ܶӿħҲͽѪħѡѪħħ˵ʲô˷磬Ǳӵ˳ԽǷ˵Ѫħֵʱǧսʱ仹Ҫ磬ʱҲһεս˵Ｗʹࡣ
ǺأƷ粻ʡ
̾һƺڻżʹ࣬˵嶼һ֮սбˣҲ˲ءһսֱǵǰ׹ݺᣬڰ۹ҲʱõѪħıӻʽǿġȻѪħˣ½еʧҲǼΪĲأҲӴ˳˴½
ǧսôأƷʣ½֮УŶƷδ֪ġ
ǺǣԴѪħһս֮󣬴½Ҳǿߡħһֱ˼ìܣѪħ֮󣬺ڰа̱㿪ħ紫ͨٻħеλǿߣֿʼԴ½зıϮʱ½еȽϸӣ˻ҵ֮½ʧҲ̶á͢⵽ħǿߵĲҲ㿪ͨͬҲٻλǿߡʱսȻǴģ֮Ľ֣ҲǼΪĲ״һλλǿҲӴˡ
ħͨ⵽ô£ѵλǿҲܵ½𣿡ƷԵЩߵʣȻѷ½ħսˡ
ţ˵ǲԵġ̾ǣħͳΪλзḻ֮Դڸλ֮ǿдͨͨеǿ߽ԿԴ˽뷲λ档ȻҲûƵģͨĿÿֻͨÿһεͨҲÿǧſһΡʹˣ½֮УҲӿλǿߣҲûֹͣ
Ϊ֮Ʒɻ󣬳ʵ֮ʲô
֮Ҳͽŷʱһεĳֹ뵽ߵ֮ڣΪһֿǿʵ͢ĴҲΪɸͽŻǿ֮Ϊڰа̣ʵҲһĵصĽ͵
ñɵֶΣƷҧгݵ˵һҪǣ
ǣǵĦ˹ϷʦҲǣο㣿̲ס
һԣƷ߬ȭͷݺݵ˵ҾԻֹһеģ
ֹˣħĹ򡣡ҡҡͷ
磬ңҾԲʧġѵԸһѵΪǲ𣿡ƷͻȻü
Ȼʵ类Ʒһ˵ܡ
硭Ʒ۽żֿ
ǺǣˡЦˣοЦˡ
šƷͷ˵һ㣬ҲΪѪħ壬ΪѪħѾˣҲڲ֮Ѫħڴ½֮Уʱ壬ǹغ½İΣ
Ѫħ帴ա˼˻ҡͷЦǺǣ񲻻ǧǰһ
һΪڻֹǵıƷ˵
ʲôƻʵ
Ǻǣȿɣ綼׼õġƷһֵݹһֱʾᡣ
ţһֽӹĴǾᡣ
էһȴȫľסˡ
ᣬǼ¼ʲôǿĹǼ¼һǿǳǰ;֯¼ŵϣһƶļƻ
ϸĿãĺǾᣬԾĶƷ˵СӣҰĵǲС
̸ʲôҰģҲΪ˱ԼԼں˶ѡƷ絭һЦ
ðɣҪʲôæһɫ˵Ҳ˵ѾȷƷµ֯ˡ
ϣΪҸ㶨ЩˡƷֵݹһɫСӡ
һСӣ㿴Ǳ¼ʣʲô
еһɱ֯һѪħɱ֯ѾЭ飬ɱ֯Ļٿ߱ڼĴԽʵѾңҲݾߣϵˣҪԸƷ֣ص˵
û⣬ֻҪѪħ壬ЩС㹻Ըһ˵
ţһҪ졣Ʒص
á΢΢ͷʣأ
ҵȥһ׵ءƷ絭Ļص
׵أ󾪣ֵܣǵطɲʲôõط
֪׵ұȥΪѪħľۼƷصĻص
һͬȥɣҵʵʹǲܶԸЩһҲܹ֤Ƕƽ˵
һβҪȥԸǣֻõμƻ鱨ϢƷĻص
㡭ɫǡ
粻õģκβңΪƷЦеĴֳ𸮡
ǣɻ
ռ㹻ȣ֮Իúø㡣ƷЦ
ռһǲòƷˣųжΪеĿռӵˣƷҲʵ̫˰ɣҡͷһҶʼˡ
ҵ̫˰ɡƷȤĴЦһ
ˣҶʼɡƷ磬ʵʲôʱȥ׵أ
֮ɣϾ˿黹ûнƷص
ţ㾡ɷģľѪֻҪѩ˿ɹ˵ĻԺǴ洦˵
ǺǣллˣǾȸˡƷΪмЦ
лʲôǿֵˡһƷļĻյϣЦһ̰ɡ
ǿ鷳ˡƷͷһЦ
סٸҿһƷ硣
ǡǣˡƷ亹ֱ
ǻࡣһЦһӣ˱ʧ֮С


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лл׵⡣Ʒ˵ͷűͷɭ˵λֵܣ֮ʱǱѴ֯뿪֮ʱѾڴ½һĸǱŵһӣ
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ţܺáƷΪ⣬ֵԺǱŰľӢԱĳͳܣ
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⻰ɭǱĬˡ
Ʒ˵ĻûдҪȥ׷ڹȥĻǣҲһЩѺħвյĶͽѡ
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Ʒ΢΢ͷʵϿ⣿
šǰɭǵ˵һˣеˣ
һ㵡

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ţǾͿʼɡֶȻʵЩƷϰǿ󹦷ҲǴл򣬶ԸɭѾ׿׿ˡ
סһֻ̫棬ʿɶֹƷһʾ˿һ
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û𣿡ԭסʣϾǼʶɭֵԼû㹻İͬʱԸˡ
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֮У͵һӣһɰԵ

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ôɭɫֵĶ
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š
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633 µĴɱƻ
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ҲȻĽӹɭЩԱΪɱֶ⼶ɱ֣ҲΪЩԱһЩµɱ־飬ҲϰһЩʵս
ڣɭѾȫĳĳ֮ơ
֮⣬ƷҲϰԭ
ȻԭҲ˸׵ۣƷ̣ÿһζƷ÷ǳΣǻĵĽ⡣
ڴˣرҪ˵ıǹڶԪ顣
ԭΪƷֻǿЩЦʹͶԪΪ̼ɭ˵вûйȥĿԶõԪ
ǣ𾪵ǣһʱ佫֮ʱƷóһѵĶԪһݣԭС
һʼ˻ΪԪǼٵģĹЧҲûеôǿ
ȻǽԪʱ򣬱ӦһǿĶӿڣϲ뼤֮£Ǳ㿪ʼնԪеĶ
˿̣ھ֮С
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նԪˣʵоѾҪͻʥˡ

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ԭܵʧڻԶˡƷҡҡͷԭ˺֮£ƷٻЩΡ
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ȻҪиһֱ㡣Ʒ翪ʼ
˵
ţԺȥԺ󻹻𣿡Ʒ۽
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ķݣƷһʣأ
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һ㶣ϵЦ⣬ʵ뷨
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û£а취ƷһЦӵžԵֻ֮ҪΪĿ꣬ƷȻܹɱ²κεĺۼ
أʡ
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Ʒһס
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ղ̸ʲôԭƷ硣
ǹһµĴɱƻƷص
µĴɱƻԭɻ󣬵Ҳ֪֮ء
ǵġƷ˵ͷʵĽ̸һһԭ
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ţԭһصĴƷļ򣬳ص˵ţһҪǶϢ
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ģһԾӰ˻ʹеߣ˲嵽˸߿֮СƷʵ֮⣬ܲƷ١
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󹫾۹Ψһһλ󹫾ڵ۶ӵżȨӲ˹Ȩƣһֱڵ۶каԵһ㲻ֳ̫⣬ѩҲʡ
ڣȻѾɴ󹫾ɱ֯żĹϵ׼󹫾֮ǰƷصȥһڼ塣
ϧڼǲգʱ̳һɱԭ峤ԽӵȨƿڼĴȨ
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ԴӷЩ֮󣬾Ҳû˸ȥѡ峤Ȼ֮䣬ڼѾγԴԽհһǿˡ
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꣡
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˲ãƷӰ˲󹫾Ͽ֮ŵеݻ
ڣԽڼУԽǶԸ󹫾ʱ
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ţƷһĻһĴ˷ţ档
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ǣƷһġˡ˹֮ʱȴǾסˡ
ΪڵĲ˹ޱȣڴУ壬ϵѪİıֵֶֶƣĿԳμ֮ʱĲ˹Ѿȫͬˡ
⵽ʲôƷ簵ǿ֮ڲ˹ڡ
Ȼ֣ڲ˹Ǳһɿµа֮ʳŲ˹Ѫ⣬˹ȴһʹĸоûС
漴Ʒջ֮һҵԼȥѰҴˡ
ƺȫеĲ˹ûиӦѾˣȻ˿
ɣƷѾվ˹ǰһ͵İ˲˹ͷϡ
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ʱеĲ˹ͻȻһһɰԵԼڡ
͵ģ˹ֵ˫ۣ㿴ǰЩİ˾ȻһְԼͷ
쵰
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һ
˹оǴһְһ㣬ʹ
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ǣǹа֮֮ʱϮԼѪҺ
ǲ˹ʵ̫ڴƷڵа֮ҲûôǿԶԶûдﵽƷѪҺʵ
֪ƷڵѪҺѾںԪ֮ǹа֮ǿ󼸷֣Ҳ޷ƷڵѪҺ
ֻǣڵƷеǳ𾪣˹ڵа֮ѪħԭҲǲ࣬ȻɶֵѪҺ
ϻͦܵģƷһ
㣡
˹Ϊ㵣û뵽ƶƷһ˺ûС
͵ģ˹ջ˫ƣڵа֮ٴγ˫֮УƷǰ׼˹ȥ
𣿡Ʒ˵һе͵˼֡

˹Ϊʹ˻һԭõҲӿڣȫǳĲţպѾɥʧ˹
ֱڣ˹˹ǰλİһλµǿߡ
㡭㵽˭˹ĺš
ңƷȤζЦЦѡ
ƨѣǴ󹫾˱үҸǻҪСӵ˹ŭĽţͲ֪ԼѾѳΪ˼ҵ֮ˡ
Ǻǣ㵹ģ㣬ȥˡƷһЦ
Сӣ˵㵽˭˹ŭĺ
Ĳǵ𣿡ƷҡҡͷĨһζЦݡ
ţ˹ֵĿǰλİӵݾȻ˼Ťţת۾Ȼһµס
ŰϤף˹Ծıͻ˫ۣǼĽͰ͵˵㡭Ʒ磿
Ǻǣ˹үȻüԣƷҡƷŰЦЦ
һƷ磬˹һĲҰףڴ½жƷһЩŲ˹пǷǳڳһΪıơƷֵܣ󡭡Źҡ
˼ûʱ˵ЩõķϻƷɫһ䣬е͵˼֡
ޣ˹ʹȫ鴤־ĺ󡭡Źң㡭ҪʲôҶ㣡
ǺãҪƷ˫һ䣬ǿ֮͵˲˹Ժ֮УǿжȡŲ˹ԺӵеϢ
ǿжȡϢԲ˵ǴΪ𣬶֮Уű尾Ҫӵʹٱ

ɱһʹ֮˹ʹеһ˳ԭըѪԶѣѪ۵ɵ÷ףûϢ
ɱһڵ۶каԵүƷУҲΪ۶ȥһˡ
ɣƷջ֣˹һӲĵȥƷ۶Ų˹Ϊ𾪣ÿ£


635 Ŀ־
˹Ʒȱɹõ˲˹ԺемӡЩʷаԵЩȻǱƷųˡ
ǣڲ˹ļﲢûйڶɱ֯ܣԼĶҲˡ
ڲ˹ԺƷȴõһǳ𾪵ϢǱѪħѪħ
Ѫħ˼壬ѪħĶƷԭѪħ֮ͬħ־Ų㣬ǿѪħơ
ǣڲͬĵطǱѪħ˽ϴ󡣱ղŲ˹֮ʱҪԼӣſɽһʽֻʮ֮δħĵ֮ᱬ
һ˵ﵽ߲ĻѪħżơĻҲֻаٷ֮һѡ
ȻɹĻǾǷǳ¡Ϊﵽ˵߲֮ӱתΪһִѪ壬ȫĽ𣬱ǲ֮µħ֮ҲԶԶǿ糣ˣ˶Ե֮ʱɵ˵ѪҺʵħһּΪµħ
Ϊ˾ѪħˣԭѪħ˵Ŀ£ǿ嶼Ըˡ
ƷȴаȥԸѪħ塣ΪѪħа֮ƷȴӵиȻȥаһѪħǸѪħĿˡ
뵽ڴˣƷδ֪ѪħҲ˼ֶԸİաɸղŴӲ˹ԺȡѪħԲͳĹ
Ҳ˵ɱ֯Ѫħ壬˴֮䶼ھԵΣĻɾ׶Ըˡ
ǺǣʣµλˡƷһЦƾʧټķ֮УֻһɫžֵӲʬ塣
ȻƷµĽ磬û󹫾ע⡣
һ̣ƷֵֹһڰĽУչǿ̼ס󹫾һλһ󹫾κһֶʾ
ߣøոպáƷ簵һڸղŵ֮УλɭɭϹܼҸղý˲ڵ鷿ӦһЩΪ֪顣
һ£Ʒһںڰӣֱӱƽ˲ڵ鷿Ժ֮С
ǣԺ֮пɲڲ˹ΪǱʮλĸ֣Ѿ߱˽ʼʵ
ϧʼʵƷĻҲһЩ϶ѡ
ţƷǿ֮סЩظֵλã۹һ裬һ㳯űסĿȥ
ಣಣ
һӰڴԺĽĴӶţƷӰ֮ʱЩνĸָ޷ӦֻǸӦϻһɹʶ㵭ȥȻʲô֪ˡ
ת֮䣬ڰеʮλֱ㱻ƷɫƷˣֻƷûнɱȥȴǵѨúõ˯һѡ
Щ֮ƷϢ߽鷿ǰסϵϢ
鷿֮У⣬Ӱ
ˡϹܼһ˵
šһǰվһλӣǴ󹫾
ߣϼһƷ簵һ˫ȭ߬ȴϸ
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ޣǺأʵԴ˲޶ķӦ
˾Ҳûгˣ˵۵һɲصػȥһѩ˿ūô¿̫ܲ򵥡ص
ţȺúȥǸ˵ݰɣ˭Իãڻ᳤һεļƻԲκεĳķԸ
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һ
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ǺǣţǽǺȱѡһζЦݻش˹һλɫŰŲ˽
󵨣֪Ǵ󹫾𣿡ŭһһָƷ磬ڵĶԱ
Ȼ֪Ǵ󹫾ΪҪҵǡƷ߹һĨɭЦ⡣
ߴŭһʢ
ǰƷɱȥͻȻţ
߾һ㶣ͣеĶĵ󡭡ˣСӡ
֪˵ͷʲƷ磬ʵѣΪζ
һλϺֳ꣬˴Ķ澹Ȼһ㷴ӦûУֻ˵ǰһŷǱѰ͡
ΪɱǣȻõҪġƷֱӻصص˼
ɱǣüͷһ壬ʵ˭ҼǵǴ󹫾ɲûе㣿
Ǻǣ˵ҾƷأ˵ǲǵòһأƷһЦ
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͵һ۷ֱĶƷ磬ӣǿЦ
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ߵʵٽʥ֮ٶȼޱȡһֻǸճƣһգ۱ƽƷؿڣȷʵΪɱֵһ硣
Ҳޱȵţһǳʱ빥ƶƵķǳãټ̵ľ룬ƷʵǿԼһףҲ޷һ
ϧһƷ羹Ȼһ˿˼ƺûУȻվԭزֻһ˱֮ɫ
ݵһ
һǿĳǶ߰Ĵ˹ȥ
Ȼؼһ̣ͻȻ䶨Ǵ͵˲䣬ͻеＷ˲еĿ־塣
һպѾ˿ˡ
Ϊһ̣ƷͻȻˡ
ȻֻǶһ£΢΢ҲһƣպôƷ˹ȥ
򣡡
һûü;ı佣ƣһ۱Ʒһ˫ͫס
͵ģƷǳ֮࣬Ȼ˹ȥ
ͻȻһֱצһķֱץĲ
һ
еĳڵأ۾֣Ϊ߱ƷһŲӱƵǺ졣ڵĶƺһ㣬޷ãֱһ׸ĸ
Ļ𺧲ѣиĿ־塣
룬ߵʵǿҪӽʥ֮ǿߣ߶һ֡
ǣڲŶ̶һ˲䣬߾Ʒ±߶ûƷһƷˣʵжôĿֲ
ٴλƷղ˵ĻƷ˵ˡ
ȻҲҪеˡ


636 Ʒ
û뵽ں׼֮£Ʒ羹Ȼ˴󹫾˭Ҳ벻顣
֮УƷųԽʥ򼶵ʵ֮£ԱĻᡣ
󡭡ˡ߳˵ȫ鴤ֵ˫Ųš
ſŭһһָƷ磬ȫǿҵɫâ
ƾʲôƷʡ
ߣΪܻ뿪𣿡һһɢɱ
Ǻǣ֪ң㻹вңƺԼеǳšƷϷʰЦЦֵ治˼ɱ֯һЩĹѾ֪ˡʹʲôɱ֯ΪѾȫҷˣŵĻԡ
ɫ䡣
£֣֮ϾӡһͼӦɱ֯еı־
͵ģڵееʱеǹı־һ㷴ӦûС
ôܣ
һɫĶƷ磬ƺܱһɿµϢĴݡΪѱƷ粼磬ԶԶûﵽ͸ʵ
ûõģ׷ĻˡƷҡҡͷ
ɫһ䣬ߵҪɱңҲôף
ݵһ
һϬĺէ𣬲ֽųŭɱƷ硣
ƷһƽųеĲ
պգһķڶƷ湥ǱƷһסӵǰ档ֱӾĻߵɾͲˡ
һ߾ֵĵɴ˫ۣȴֲ֪롣
ݣ
һʵ̫ˣӹһ磬ѹûȥߵ˼
ҵǣߵƺûܵκε˺һͷ㿴˲𾪶־ס
ΪŭȫµһǱһǿסˡ
ǿԵǿ
ʥǿߵĹȻǱƷһֿסˡ
û֮ĴƷƾͲһʥʹǲʹƷҲܹԸּνʥǿߡ
ܣ
ɫʢɾ޷ڵݽһ֡
ˣǰ㲻Ǻɱϧʱ˼һȻҲûлɱˡƷһζЦݣָס˲ߡ
ˣŭһ͵ڳһ֣ƱΪȭȭгǿҵ⣬͵ĳƷг˹ȥ
ѣƷһŲһȭ
ͻȻƷ˫һɣſһ
һȫʹھȭδȥоһɿֲӿ˹
䣡
ǿˣ͵쫷磬ܱ֮ԱݻˣƬɢںĴ
һȭƷ֮ǰڳɿֲˣֵƺѾҪŤˡ
ûʨӺ
ʨӺʹзɲһɷǳµ̺ſµ߶Ĥ飬߿Ѫ
ҡ
ǿѪһӲžһʯ㣬۾ֵĽƷ磬ǼµĹһ㣬ӵĶȫһ˲䡣
߸˵ֱɿµԭ޷ʹĻڸоʱԱһ㣬ΪڲѾˡ
ƷһɫЦǺǣͦʹ𣬲جβŸոտʼأ

ƷͻȻһ۶˲еĳһֱӽ˳ȥ
͵ģƷתǶϽߵؿбǺݺݵһ

ʹ˻һؿŹѪ۷ףȫҵĳ鴤ʧ
ͻȻͷһᣬ߱ˡ
ͨһ
Ʒһֽ߸ӵڵأɫֵĲЦǺǣϼһϵأɱ˲٣ɱЩϵӦûǳĸлңϵҲԭҵģ
ӣһĳӣͷɢۻ࣬ԵޱȵǱ
͵ǷҲãҲĶһ·ġƷһЦ
⻰һɫ䣬Ƿ˰ĺСӣ˵ʲô㵽װҶôˣ
ûôֻȥ˶ѡƷޱ˵νնݳȻҪɱڲ˹Ȼ֡
Ҫɱ㣡һ˫۳졣
͵ģڲϣһɿֲа֮µĵԵһ׷ѡ
У
ϵǿгơ
ţ
ƷһҲǺ޾ɫǺŲϵı仯
ʱ˫ȭȫѪıǣޱȵͨ죬ڵѪҺޱȵĻԾһɿµа֮ϵĳڲԭϸǳһԳļһ˲˵Ĺ
ߣԭѪħƷһ
ô֪Ϊ𾪡
ȻѾõԺеļ䣬еҡƷΰҡҡͷ
ⲻ֪֮Ϊķŭ쵰Ҫɱ㣡
һ
һһӴƬĩƷͳȥ
ٶȣһ㣬һգ۱ӵƷǰ˵һƱƷؿ˹ȥгŰѪ⡣
ƷһλλĶһƣǲ˼Ƶ˲֮ٵĳ𽣣׼Ųؿڣ㻹̫ˣ
һ
һȥ͸˲ؿڣ罦Ѫľ֣ĵɴ˫ۣ૵˵ôҡǲġ
ˡƷĴҳϣѪħһǳµĹ޳ɣȷʵǺɱ㣬ܿϧѪħǵѪħͲġ
Щ־ŭⲻܣô֪Ѫħ壿ôҵ
ǺǣҲ֪Ѫħ壬֪ɱ֮֯Щɸ˵ܣ˵Ķ𣿡ƷЦЦ
㣡
ɫ䣬Լɱ֯еһֱǶⱣܣԼĶӶû֪ʼ޷ףƷΪλ֪Щ
ǺǣŰɡƷһЦ˵أ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ɱ֯ܲǴ󹫾Ӧúͼ
һ𾪡
óѣӾҲùŭһǿӿһӴа֮
ԱƷüͷ΢壬ΰҡͷϧˣûˡ
飡
ƷͻȻһȭݺݵĴ˲ĺ󾱹ϣһɰԵǾ˽ȥ
ոգ
һĹ֮죬ʹ˻ţԭǿа֮ǿֹڵϢޱȵңĴݲŲڵѪ⣬żʹࡣ
ֲʹĥ
Ȼûõ֪ɱ֯ܣƷʱǲòġ


637 ɱ֯ܲ
ʹ࣬ʵ̫Ϊʹˡ
ʹǲǿҲ޷ƺԶ޷ֹʹࡣ
󡭡㣬󡭡㡭ɱңţʹŤ
ףһƷȻŹԼֻһֻΪѡ
ߣô𣿡Ʒһһְ˲ĺףݵ˵൱κңҪҵǽ˵Ļڻܸʹ죬źǣɱ֯Ա͹ƾһ㣬Ҿͺ޲ðʬΣ
ɫΪǱ㲻Ǻ֪ɱ֯ҡҿԸ㣡
˼ҳȡԺϢĻõϢһЩƷһм֣߬߬޺޵˵úýѵĻʵѽͷ֮ޣ
ɣˣһûϷˣƿմƴȥѣȴȫʹ޷ӱò
ɣƷŲޱ˵ʵӦøлңΪܿͿȥĶˣҲҳȫǡ
˵꣬Ʒ͵һǿӿ˲Բ

ʹУ۷ףоԼԴըһ㣬ʶʼıģ
ȡ䣬Ҳֻһ˵ʶΪʱſչĶȡ˵Ժ䡣
ˡ
Ʒ絭˵һ˫һһɿµ̼֮˲ԭǴʶĶȡŲԺ䡣
鴤ȫֵıͻǳѪ˿ӡŵúܴ󣬳صĴϢţѾ޷
ǣܵʹԶĥưһ㣬ȴֽв
ʹḶ́ά˽ʮӵʱ䣬ǽˡ
ݽӲĿŤеݱɿ֮ǰжôʹࡣ
ţƷɿ֣ϲκһֵĸ顣Դߵ⵽˺֮ƷѾһǱǶԵ˵ʴȾǶԼĲ̣ԺԴ˵ʱƷԲ
ʹ̣ΣôĻ̵ֻܵԼ
ݣ
Ʒ˳ŨѪĵѪ֮С
̶һҹû뵽ڴ󹫾УѾȥڴ֮ʱ󹫾Ե˵İ˭Ҳ֪һλɱ˵ĶħѾ˴󹫾
ߣԭˡƷһ
ȻӲԺȡϢ󹫾ȷʵɱ֯ܲҲǴɱ֯ϵĵط
ΨһеֵǣΪϵĴ󹫾Ȼ֪ɱֵʵݡ
²ɣƾԺеļ䣬Ʒڵ˼ֻߵĲΪĹ죬оƷڴȦȦһ㡣
ȫһСһʯש̳ɣƷйÿһʯש̤š
ͻȻƷһŵʱ
ˣ
еЩʯשȻʼ˶ţгһֵͼ
Ȼ䣬ζʯש֮Уպ¶һڵĵܵ
ߣɱ֯һ֡Ʒ簵һ
ɣƷСܵȥ
˲ã㵽һҡ
ң˵󲻴˵СҲСİڷһЩΣҿյĲûʲô
ûϿûʲôҲһԻ˵۷ѡ
Ϊֱֻͨɱ֯ܲڵ㡣ֻΪɱ֮֯أҲؼĵطֻдﵽǼɱֲʸ
Ȼǲ޴µĻһЩɲ𴫵ɱ֯еϢ
Ϊͨɱ֯ܲĵطȻҲôױ֣㷢ˣҲ޷ȻĻؿڡ
Ϊ֮ͨܲʱһµط󡣶ⷨκεĹԣⷨȴǿԴϢǷ춯ǱƻĻɱ֯еһЩ߲Ա̴͵
˵ⷨãҲٲá
Ȼ֪˷ķÿν֮ʱ顱㱨һЩҪ£ƽʱĻǾԲȥġʹƷ֪ķҲֱ̤ȥȻػ顱ע⡣
ҵǣƷӵſռǾֻͨҪѵʱƷʩпռֱ֮Ӵ͸
뵽ڴˣƷ㿪ʼչжˡ
ģƷߵһǽ֮ǰһĴǽڣı˫ۣʼ֮Ѱš
ط󣬾ǽ֮УƷ粻ȥ󣬲Ȼض顱ע⡣ƷԵ÷ǳСģϸѰŷ㡣
㣬ҲеĺģҲ㣬㱻ƻĻ޷С
ȻܹĻƿСƻĻƷɱɻơҪ𾪶ĻΨһİ취ȥϤĹ죬Ȼʹÿռ֮ԽȥҲ
ڣƷӵŷḻķټǳԽڷ˵֮Աɵҵ˷㡣
ɣƷһ֣ǽһ㡣
ģԭǿ޵ǽ֮ϣպֳһضӵħͼ
㶨ˡƷһЦħͼϵһһɼ
ţƷĿס㣬һʧ
һ̣
Ʒһڵ֮ܵУҲ˵ƷѾɹħ
ǣζŴħͿԷˣΪĳ֮ܵУĻءЩضʥǿ˵˶˺Щ֮ͨ죬ҲǺѸӦЩصĴڡ
ҪǣĻκһЩصĻͬҲᾪɱ֯еЩ߲ԱΪ֮ܵǱٵСħ󣬶ÿһħ֮䶼ǹġ
ãƷѾõ˲Ժем䣬ҲеĻ֮ȻҲ֪ܵİȫ֮
ԣⳤ֮ܵУƷ綼ܺɵıܹеĻء
𾪵ǣû뵽ܵ˵ĳÿһεľ붼ŻصĴڡǻ߽Ļ޷ȻܵߣϾĻʵ̫ˣôĸӡ
ԼĪƷ˽ʱͷһҡ
ҲرĴҲһͨзĴС֮У򵥵ֻаڷһӡ
ĿϵʱƷ羪ȵķ֣ϾȻڷʮƤᡣ
Ϊ˱ȫƷʹ֮ϸɨһ㡣
ãЩᲢûʲôرĽơ
ţƷǰһƤᣬȻķ
ƷֻǴµһ¾ݡ㵵ķ֣澹Ȼ¼ɱ֯еһЩ֮¡
һݾ˵и߼ɱֵϸϣԭʵݣɴ״оĻΧ
ҲƷסЦһЩܵϣܽɱ֯һ򾡡


638 󹦸
ƷַЩƤᣬɾƷԽԽľ
ûɱ֯쵼ߣ᳤顱Խϸļء
Խɱ֯еʱʮǰʱڻ᳤λ᳤֮󣬱Խʽӹɱ֯λ᳤ľԭǿɾûϼˣԽյļһӲ˸ϵ
ЩһѾõļƻУͿ֪ԽҰļѪħȥԽӴҰġ
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ףһġƷж˫۶ЩˣԭδŨŨ顣
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˵꣬Ǻ߱ڽѪɫ֮Уʧ
MDһȺĶԽŭһݺݵ߬ȭͷԽԲôױܵģ

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Сģ
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飡
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Ʒֳ䲻ɢһ߰İ
һĻʵ̫ˣڳ˶Ʒչֳǿ似ţͻȻϢ


642 һһɱ
һģƷʩչһһɱ׹֡
޵¸𾪣ԼЩ׹йһν֪֡Щ׹ֵǿñ̬ԻƣԼʵҲЩ׹ֵ
ڣƷֻʹһѣĪĽ׹ָɱˡ
ֻ˵ǰλ˵ʵܿ£ѾԽ˽ʼħ˫ޣ½кʱ˲ţղƷĻҲǿ԰ǵľǡ
ڣЩԭηЩǿĻ˿־壬ǼݰĽк
˵ˣҿԡƷͷЦЦ
׹֣ҲֻѪħеµħѡ
Ʒõܾ֮Уɱ֯һЩѪħϡµѪħʵǿҲǿΨһȱµѪħϰѪħҲûв֮ƷԸЩµѪħǺɵġ
ڣֳĶ̫ټ׹ǰݳϢ׹ֵע⡣
𣡺𣡡
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ЩǱЩͨˣһ֮£ЩǱŵĲеΪܡ
İɣڴҶµġƷͷ˵һһЩɫܵĺǣɱٴͷųһ֮ڡ
ϾƷħΪѾﵽʥ֮һħɲô׾ܱƵġ
Щǵõ֮ڵıӻҲǿȻԵüΪĿ־壬Ϊղһʵ̫ˡ

һɹǿķƱƬ֮У԰ΧƷǵķƮʮ޴Ӱ
ûЩѶ׹֣ǿɵͬ飬һ˫˫ɫͫĶƷ磬ԵüΪķŭ
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ģĻͷſЩӣƷŭȵһָŰеЩ׹֡
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Ʒһƽȫ׹ֵĹԭز
׹쿴Ʒֳ򶨣еΪľȣҲһ࣬ǰһﲢеôöԸ
飡飡
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Ʒ޾ɫֻͷһ޵¸ѵϹݳﲢرİȫƲȽϰȫĵطЩǵĻԻúտš
š޵¸΢΢ͷڹȥƷĻΪ׸ɱԶȥĿתעƷһһ
˿̣ƷУƺѾİΧסˡ
ɱ
׹ͻȻһ
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ˣķ׷׶ΪоЩ׹ƺֹͣȴԸоһɿµаۼһ
Ļֻһ㣬Ǿڸ׹ս
뵽ڴˣ˲ɻеϣ۽ųҫѪĵط
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һĽ֮ƷеĴУһһոЩ׹ֵ
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𣡺𣡡
һʹ໽֮Ѫһ޴Ӱĵˡ

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ƷУܱ߾Ѫģʬ壬Ŵ̱ǵѪ֮ζ
ԶЩӵ׹֣ڿ˲̵һĻŵһʵҲʵֲ̫ˣʮ׹ΧɱƷ磬Ŷ̶̼ӵʱ򣬱һһˡ
󣬾ˣ
Ʒһֵָ׹졣


643 Եɱ
𾪣һƬ𾪣̶Ƭ̣˻ûʶ׷ʲô飬ʮ׹ֶƷͨͨɱˡ
˼ǣƷٶʵ̫ˣ׹춼ȫûпƷζ
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ǿ޵¸ľѣ׹ɲЩ׹֣ΪѾȫԽ˽ʼʵ
޵¸һƷ磬пʼΪ˵
ȷʵ׹Ѿ߱ʥ򼶵ʵӽʥڡ
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ǽɫ׹죬˸߿֮Сƺ׹һ㣬ÿһεľ֮У׹ϵѪҲ㱻ʳһ֡

˷Ĵ׹˺ѷΰĲҽ֮ǽɫľ˺ΪһƬƬƬһƬѪűɢ˿һĽɫǿ⣬ƬҹգƬ׳ǡ
˾ɼ
ʱҹ֮УƮһӰƷɡ


644 
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ѾˣôټҪĽأ޵¸һƷҪԼԵò˼ˡ
Ǯ֮£Ҵѵǣ뱣סЩӵĻͺúšƷӲ޵˹У漴ֳһɫӣʵԸ뿪ĻԵõһٸңʳԣ
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ʱ޵¸ǳֶϲȺгĽңݺᣬĸмȵˣڵȵˣˣ



645 ħ
յ룬ƷԤеļı
컨һʱ䣬Ʒڽ׳˶ȰˡƷҲûΥ뿪֮䣬ÿ˶õһٸҡ
ڼΪм֮У޵¸㱣뿪׳ǡ
ʱǵڶҹ

һ紵ɳؽд˿ռ˵ĴС
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һΣöֻЩµѪħѣԵĶЩӣм⣬ƷҲҪȥ֪ΪܹܿϵѪħǣ½İΣ
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ģħ޷ɵǻɽϡ
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649 Ѫħ
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650 ɱħ
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651 
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û뵽Ʒ绹ǵ͹ѪħڵƷѾǽˣرȻƷǾ޷ӷӡгƳġ


652 Ѫħ




ĵϵѪλֲϣʮָۣұڸһѪɫ
̣һĻˡ
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654 
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655 ʽ

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Ѫħ˫ֺݺݵĺƷϣ޴а֮ӿϮ˹ȥҵıը쳹񷣬񱩵ನ·ҪƬռ˺ѡ

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ƽ˻ǻ񣬼䵣ǵʵƿд󰭣
Ǻǣд󰭵ĻҲվ˵ˡƷȤ
ҲҲǡ˹ԽǾƷʵ
Ȼ֪Ʒܵжأ׵ؾѪħʧأҲеգƷҲǸ˲Ĵۡ
ˣѾ붴ķɳϴǽȥɡ²˳٣뾡콫ɱ֯Ʒִ
õġƷ΢΢˵ͷ漴㳯ŰɭаԱѵλҴǽŵĻأǿҪúøߣȻĻǻģ𣿡
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Ӧڴ˵е֯ҲǼΪĺ
ţߵһӲʯ֮ǰ벻룬һʯ̤˹ȥ
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ΪǾȻĿӾȻʯ˽ȥȻʧˣʵ̫˼ˡ
˲ٳɣ׷׸̤롣
ڽʯ֮ĽһȫµĿռ䣬ܾǳɫʡ
㣡µħߴһûܾȵǣͻȻǲɫâ˳
һȤ֮⣬ʮֵľǿǷǳäĿĳ׷Ʒ磬ȻȥƷµħ
˱СĽĲ򣬻Ľħ
ڣ˲á
ʹʧȻʣ˵ӰһһֵһΪտĵط
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չһ˱Ѿȫľˡ
ǰһƬģ޴Ķнʮ֮Ȼǵ»ʹǰ㻪ȴȫһ޴ĳС
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ȫסˣƷĵ嶼סˡ
û뵽Ŷ̶һʱ䣬Ѿչ˵Ĺģʵ̫ˡ
һ㣬Ʒ綼ȫû뵽ġ
ʲôˣ
һȳͻȻ৵ĳһӰֳ˽ʮλ¼򵥡ǿ׳ӣֳֳһֺӣǡ
Ͼⶴµħûȷ߷Ǹ޷붴ġǰЩһϳɱˣȴܹҲʵ̫˲ˣΪЩȫһЩס
վǰһЩɫŵЩ˵Ҫλϣ鷳ȥͨһ
Ϊʱδܲϵĳϣǻעһ»ڵġ
Եȡһλӻص֪Ⱥ˵ݲ򵥣š
ţλʵǿ˸أ˱㿪ʼȥ֪ͨеһЩҪߡ
Ʒ翪ʼĴǰλӡ
λأҲĴӣʵȴǶŽʦʵ˽ȣƷΪ⣬Ϊȷʵ˲ٵĿģƷܸж
ԴƷ뿪֮Ʒ㽫ŽλϴԼȴһãӲʡ˿ƷھΣúúΪһЩˡ
ֱ˲á
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ǿϢ
̼䣬ϵӰֵǵǰһ˻ŸΪӡ
ˣҲŴϰĦ϶ϳϵˣΪѾ߱ʥڼʵ
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ЩӹĳŰĦһ
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ЩٴιһǺٴһǣһһȥ
ʱĦҲʼϸĵĴȺˣüͷһ壬ΪЩ˵ɱأΪο԰ȻµĴ붴أ
ţǵĿ⼯嶼ϵʱȴǴΪ𾪡
ΪǶȫ͸ʵΨһԸоλߵĺʵǳ˵ãǼöԸ
ͬʱҲǼΪĴŰĦˣǵʵҲǸеΪľȣȻеλϡ
ǰ֪ԷǷǵѣĦпͿʵҽаĦĴϣԵλֱǶ϶ϳϵλǣ
ҽŵĵλϡĻصȴǿЦӡ
ǣ˻һһըһ㣬ݺݵĦǵͷһ䡣
ʲôλϣ
Ħ˼ΪԾĺĶɫ
ͻȻɫһ˵ѣЦɲ㶼Կġ
ҲûпЦ˵ţвó˸ᣬֵֽҵĶǲſԳɹ˵ء

ĦһΪϢʵ̫ˡ
ʵǲûв˵ĻΪǸоһȺ˵ʵǿǻеĻѶˡ
ڿģĦʡ
˵ҾӦúúҸط̸̸ȽϺá
Ħһ£ǸЦǺǣҲǣλɡ
ͷˡ
ĦѺһЦǵʵܲ򵥣ܹŵĻŵʵֻǿࡣ
ţһȺ˱ĸŰĦȥ
ĦǲǳȥһصĶֱ˽ȥ


660 жƻ
ãѭ೤ĵصһ޴Ķ
ⶴĹ죬ȷʵǺӴ󣬹ƾЩݺύĵصһƬƬĶתۻҵġÿһص֮УħнĻܻܲ뿪ȥһ⣬һⶴиַࡣ
ʱڵƬǸղĵ³СΪȫȫһǧ֮ˣڽֵΨһȷЩ˵ʵǿ
֮УƷӵбһŵһȷʵ飬ȴеĻҪӿ¡Щڴ½ϵĻŶԿ
ɭ޵ڿŵʵԭôǿмѣƺѾŵĴǰ
ʱЩе˼Ħ֮ʱ㹧һһ񡣵һȺ֮ȴǴΪľȣΪЩ˵ɱʵ̫ˣһɭɭӣøС
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Ҷ˽ȥɡ˵ͷһ
ģһλ˱վ˳
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ͷűƷĵ壬ŰĦλ߽˶ҡ
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ĳϰɡĦЦЦλصĺʵǺǣλûнܹɡ
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ȸǿɡ˵꣬ǱϷֳһݳľᣬֵ˹ȥ

ĦһֽӹǾᣬϸţȻһһֱݹ˶ϳ࿴
ĦԵЩɻ¼ŵĶǴ½еһΪƽĵһϵİ
ĳϣɶЩʲô˼ĦǾʣ֪ݾԲǱǰ򵥡
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ĦһϳҲǾסˡ
ԴƷ뿪֮Ǳ㿪ʼʵƷļƻǱɱ֯жЩɱ֯Ϊƻ鼰֮ܵ࣬ҪԸȷʵǷǳ鷳
ݾᾹȻ漰ϸɱ֯ϣԺԸɱֿɾ׶ˡ
ȷʵ棿Ħסʣе㲻̫ţϾ漰֮ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ѳɹǱɱ֯ܲѰҪľϡ
и˵˵˴εжƻĦʡ
СƷ磬˳Ʒ˼˵˴μƻϸ˵

ĦǲٴƷ磬˵ݿˡ
˼ܣ˵ݲݾ¼Ϊ٣ҺܱǸ˵εжƻҪпܻ漰ŵİΣҾԵĻҪλĿʾˣҲǶŵΡ
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ţϵɱͻȻʧˡ
ƺԥ˻׼ϵ߳ȥ
һУƷɶΪ˱ʾŵҳϣȻĿ֮ӡ
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ǸˣλϡƷһǸЦЦ͵˴ζҲΪ˴˴μƻԣҲ뱩¶ԼݣҲ뿴ķչȻҶˣ뿪֮󣬿λϿˡ
ǸģȻԵųְ֮Ħæϳϲá
ԺŲʢ֮ˣϳʴЦֹסϲá
ǺǣϷ򹧾ЦһɲĦϳǰƷ绹ֵ꣬ԱΪעڣƷҲԵúܸˡ
ƷͷɫжΪ˰ĦЩ˵ĳĶԴţƷŻ˵Ż׳
ڿɲۺϻʱ򣬴˴ƷҲΪȥɱ֯顣
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Ħҡҡͷ㳯ǸЦǺǣղЩڲĳ֡
޷λ˼ΪͬҲ־ԵĻɡصҲһǳˣұһᡣ
ǺǣȻѾϵ⣬Ǵ˴εļƻˡƷϴЦݣֻǶһЩࡣ
˵ĦҲ
ȣҪ֪ܵѾͨ˶ٵķΧƷʵ
һЩҪĽ֮͢⣬඼ѾͨˡĦص
ݾ¼йɱܾ֯ݵ㣬ҪٶȽЩܵȫĴݻ١ǺܵĻΪɱ֯ԪܣʵڲöԸԽɰ𡣡Ʒص˵

Ħһ㶡
ҲĳΪ׵ĴɱţԺҲŵİи߼ɱ񡣡ƷصɼڰΪء
أͻȻʡ
ֻЭμƻʵʩ޷˴μƻƷصʵڲҵ塣
壿
ĦǸΪɻȫŪƷ˼
ţƷŵĽ֮׵ͬѪħ˵һ顣˵⣬Ʒֻ˵Щ˶ѣֻǲðĦǵĶѡ
Ħ֮󣬴Ϊľɫû뵽˵еѪħ徹Ȼڴ½֮Сŵǣɱ֯ȻѪħ˰ˣͼ½졣
Ϣʵ̫ˣ֮ǰǰɱ̫֯ˡ


661 ˣ
˴ܻ飬̸˽һ졣
Ϊɱ֯ƻ֮УԲгκε©
εɱжƷҲǽƻһһϸ˵ҲĽ˼ƻеһЩȱ㡣
ڣ̸ˣжƻҲܵĲá
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һڹ۹͢岻룬ԱɰȥԸһܵ㡣ڶںڰ۹ڰ͢ʱԲܣΪܵ㣬⴦ܵҲͱˣǱöԸˡӶ֮Ըû⡣ڵĴ۹ʱû̸
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ǺǣԱ϶࣬Ϊ˷ųԱӵרݽƣҲǶаͷ峤ǣҲġĦЦЦóһһЩɫ˹ȥר
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Ψпȣһһߣһ㱣ɫįȻ˵࣬ȻǾò
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һƷ磬ԭǰŭ̼תΪ˾㵣ȻִӾ㵻Ϊ˼ϲ

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Ʒɫһޱеĸо˻ϤůΣãƷŲ˵ԡԲȣҡ
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662 Ҹʱ
ȻˣȾȻˣ
ƷԺ֮УǴһ㡣
˵Ʒ粻뿨ȻУϢʵ̫Ʒˣ֪ˡ
ǰ֮УƷк֪ҲһֱǵһδԼҲаˡ֮УһŮͶͱѾδ쳾֮ƷΪ롣ȻеϢ֪ȥӦˡ
סˣΪƷıʵǱֵ̫ˡоһܳ飬ǿҲãҲƷӡ
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ģȻģƷȻֹסļ
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Ʒſ¡Ķӣе㲻̫ţĸſȵǴӣо˸˵Ʒ缫ΪЦҲǿҪˣ

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õ˿ȵһο϶Ʒ羹ЦҪˣƷҪˣ
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ʲôҪΪȸҪһͣĿͻȻձΪĹ죬˾ǿƷĿⶼЩˡ
䡭ʵⲢҵ塣Ʒε˵
壿
⡣
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㡣һֽƷ֣һ˵Ʒ磬ҿԲֹȥ£ΪңΪǵĺӣһҪƽƽĻ𣿡
һģһģҷģƷָŵ

ͷٴͶƷĻӵ

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ΪʱӶŵ˶ڴȴԵţʾƷףȻƷ壬ҲƷһ֡
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㣬ʮʱͷ֣˲ƣϢˡ
ʱһĹ뷿֮С
Ʒ뿨ڴǰӵδȻĻ⡣
ȻƷҲǷǳεģҲǰķģԺҲҪԼİԼԺĺӡ
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мȵ
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ѵ㲻Ҹ𣿡˫һ
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ǺǣȻᰡƷ΢΢һЦ
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һȵӰجһ㣬һ֮УĲиǱڴɱ֡
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ڣʱֻеˡ


666 ͵Ϯǿ
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ȻߣĿһ˫֮ͫУȴǳޱȵɱ⡣
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ħôܣ޺ľ֣ǵѪħ彻׵ʱҲֻλԪϵõѪħеѪħôǰҲõħأ
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ʲôţ޺۸ΪľȣԭūȻ֯㲻úͽ
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ܵ㣬ĴڣӦû⡣ټħ⵽شƷõɱ֯жˡ
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Щ˱ɶϳǰȥڰ۹ˣƷ֮ǰĦλϡ

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ԣӶиӶ֮ĳͻ
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Ƿ۷ž֣֪ʲô˱Ѿ׵С
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ܿ죬ƺͿƽͷʱͻȻֳӰĿϹټǵϱ˳
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պλϸһȭλɱ֡

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ʱ¶֮УһƬҡ
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ǶѾЧɱ֯ѾˣǶɱ֯ҳϵģһλɱһƽĻص
ǺãΨһֻһ취ϷȥԸЩˡ޽ƽκһָ顣
Ԫ˵һҳϰӡ
취ǳΪϷ޽ȻһͻȻ̽һӴѪɫâ˲㽫λɱָûˡ
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˾ֲѣպոоѪеʱһɼΪµӿڣһ㣬ʼڵѪҺ

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ߣ˵鱨Ҳȫ׼ȷġ׳һڶԷֵѾλʥǿˣһλʵδ֪Ԫ޽޳֡
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ߣ滹иϼһʵȥԸˣһ˫۽ԵЩࡣ

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𣡡
˵֮ӴƻΪεľȻѹһһǿҵĹâ˲

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ϧƷԭڵķ֮УѡһƬǽķ֮⣬ѿκεӰ
һ̣ڽ޾ĸ߿֮УƷĮӰ˳һĸǾƹݣǹһĨЦ
£Ʒֳ𸮣һһǸ˳
ڸղƷ罫᰻ƹеʱƷó𸮣㽫λԼһͬУ뿪Ȼƹݡ
ʼɣԭƻУ²˳٣ǾԲܹκεĲƷһ˵
ǣ
˻ĵ˵ͷ

˻һӰ֮磬Ĵȥʧںҹ֮С
ȻƹݣᰱˣֳЩûоڷǡϾںڷﱾһݵĵط˶ѾϰΪˡ
ʱ˵ĽڷسҲҪһʱ䡣
һʱƷԭԤƺõжƻ㿪ʼˡ
һ£һȰĺɫӰӵ˺׼еĳڰС
һγֵ˱㲻Ʒ磬
ɱ֯еĻԪϼɱ֡׿˵ãϰƷڵ׹ʵ
ԣһǱ̼жҲֻΪʺˡ
һεжҲȥɱףȥɱףֻȥ¶¶ѡûôԸƾһ֮ȥս׼ľλʥǿߡ
ڣѾƷĿд֪˺׼ֲΧк׵֮
£סϵϢͬʱס˺ڵķϢǱ˽ȥ

κܿ죬ϵϢҲصú΢ϾǺڰ۹ǿǿߣÿһǳСģҷκεĶ
ֱ˲ãιɹܹ˵ߣȻĺ֮ĴԺС
ԺҲǺڵ֮ҡ
֮ǰƷ̽׼壬ںĵطһλʥǿڰǱš
ҪһλʥǿߵĻǿ԰쵽ġ
ţһһ۲׼ĲӰٵǷ֮С
ⷿңһ鷿һˣİڷһЩΣƺر
ȻΪĵطȻ鷿Сֻ˵鷿ӦиңⰵʲôطͲ֪ˡ
ھ֮䣬һͻȻش˹˭

͵һѭתһ
պգǰԶҫһǿҵĺڹ⡣ڹ֮У̤һλɫӡ
һź£ͷѪɫĳĺɫͫף׼Ĺиһں֮ɫĳɢһɱĽ
λӣҲǺ׼ļס
ɫ΢䣬鷿ӦǱһЩرطȻǾ޷˿㷢Լġ
Ҫҵ˱ǺףԼͻȻֵʱԵη壬ֻЩȶѡ
ʱҲϸĴоʵӦͷųŨɱ֮ʱüͷ𣺡Ũҵɱɱ֯ˣ
΢΢һ£˳źʵĻصûɱ֯еˣΪ

һΪԾӣڸסߣɢɱ˵Ļ١
Ȼɱ֯Ϣûй¶ȥԺײûлΪɱ֯Աݡ
׵ķӦ˼㵭Цʵѵϵң
ǺǣŴ΢΢һЦɫ˵䣬űԵʣȻˣ㴳ҸΪأ
Ԫҹġƽκһݸ顣
졣׺ɰĳһʣΪ£
͵һ̧ͷͻȻɭɱ⣬ܼ򵥣ǱҪ


685 ٶ
һͻȻðһסˡ
ݣ
һƿ֮죬һĳź׵Ϯ˹ȥͣ治Ц
ɫһ䣬޾ɫеĳһڹէ䣬ݺݵӭһỮ˹ȥ

ǿҵ˴۵Ĺ⻪Ϊģһǿټӿ˿͵ɨܡ
һ£Ѷܱߵ˲䱬˿ΪһƬĩ
ĽһǿĳšԺͷѾѹ˽ղ֮ͱ׸˳ȥ
ߣȻ֮µĵһɱ֣ʵȻͬ죡һɱ֯ƻ֮Э𣿡
˼ֻһУ޴ӻش𣡡һе͵ǿ˼֣ʾ
񣿾ɱ𣿡һм
ǺǣֻҪܽѪħĻҲ֮˻ȥһЦ
Ȼϣ׼֮ʱɱ֯Ѿ˼õѪħҿԺźĸ㣬ǲܵģ׿Ц
Ҳֻкźĸ㣬ɣһͷ£ԭĵĺɫǿ⣬ĿʼȾΪѪɫ
Ȼ֮䣬һǿµа֮ʼɢ˿ƺǱĪ
״Ϊ𾪣˸Ѫ֮У׺պոӦһ˲аϢŵǣǹɴӿа֮Ȼʼ˺ϵĳС
ʶ˲ԾӴİ̼䱩ӿ볤Уһҹ
䣡
׽͵ıƳһɿµĺڰĺһ㣬һӱѹǹае

һ£ǱǾ˼
׼ΪԾϴһ˿η壬ʵߣ⵽ʲô
Ѫħ֪峤ɷ¶һ֮ɫɱ֯Ѫħ尵дЭ֮£׼嶼֪
Ѫħʱ򣬺ȴޱȣҲɱ֯ƻЭˣаħٵõԼеħɱ֯ʵѾԶԶѹ½е֯ˣŭеɱ֯Ҳ̫ˣȻɵĹҪҺ׼壡Ҳóѣ
䣬һɿֲϢȻӿں׵УֳһѪɫεĳǹɿֲϢǴǳͷųġ
ûħѪħ
ڣ⾪СرѪħֵʱ׼ѱˣȺʼ֮ӿȥ
ಣಣ
һɫӰ󣬱ֳ˰λɭɭĺˣţŹɱʥ
˿̣ڵ⣬ȫȫıΧסˡ
ɫأڿֳħĺʥҲԤе顣Եη壬һְż֮ǰƷر𽻸ԼſԱġС
ЩΪƷ羫ƣƷһֱбšЩǿ˵˺ԣȴԺŪˡ
һֳħɱ䶢һ߳ʥǶҺúסԲһˣҶԸɣ
ǣ
ʥӦһ˳ȥͬŸˣǲ޵һ㣬סΧסˡ
Ϊһ׻ͦģ֪Լһ֮ȥԿ׼壬ԼѾ֮ġ
ͷߣοӣ
ӣɲ峤ˡһ˿⡣
ȻҵҪ㵽кβı£ɫһɱ跢
ವһ
ױһӵǰѪħǿҵĺڹ⣬һǿޱȵĺڰ֮ݺݵĳնȥ
Ҵ⣬ڵ̼עڳ֮УʾӭźǿƵһ
䣡
һ죬ǿҵţǿʯײһײӿһɿֲ
ĳųǿ֮Уݿʼ΢΢鶯
ò˵Ѫħȷʵǲͬ죬Լ˽ղ֮Ļѳܲסɳ徢
ҲǶǿ֮еΪ𾪣ԼѾʹħѪħʹȫ֮ȴֻѹסȴû˺
֮£ӿİ̼˼֣еѪħҵĲţһһǿ֮
䣡
һ죬ݸܲסɿµȻǷĵĺɫǿУ˿񾢵ˣһ޴ԲǾӿɨ˿ȥ

һľУƬӰǾ˸һƬǽ壬ɼɳжôı̬
һ
һɫӰӷ߿ճȥ
ߣһŭȣɱڵĸų˳
׷˵һ׼ƶȥ
ߣ
ŭһѾõλͻȻҹͽȻ֡
ݣݣ
Ϭĳǿӭ¿ճе˺ն˹ȥ
еĳһ˦˹ȥҹлһ޴ĺɫУֱӭλĹ
һ
ǿĹһ޾ƲλһǾЩ
ΪλϹȻû˵ζȴǻһ
Ȼһ̼䡣
λͬʱɱ˹ѾҪİΧסˣһĺâ׼˹ȥ
ԵüΪ侲ҲӲƷϰյĶһâĹ
׵ٶȼ죬һӱ㳬ԽЩǼǷǿҺڹѪħɱڵı
£͵׼ɱϵʱ
ͻȻ
һ˦С㳯ź׵˹ȥ
͵һΪµİеħǿǰ
飡飡
ЩСһ㾪Ȼը˿˹Ũ̡
ʲô
ױһӻһŵЩҲǾһ
ֱɢȥȴǾŭķ֣ѷ뿪ˡôԶľ룬ٶȲںף֪׷ˡ
ģȻˣײʵĺ
峤ڿ죿λ˺׵ߡ
Ŀɫ鶯ɱŭǷ٣ҶҪȥһɱ֯úʸ
ţױλأԼλٵɱ֯ĵܵ㷽ŭļȥ
ͬʱ䣬ⰵӿĺڷС
ȻΧɭɭֳ˼ɫӰ
ߣϷ׼Ҫʼˡڰ֮У¶ƷһյЦݡ


686 
˿̣ʼǱ׼жʱ򡣵֮ʱƷǵжҲ㿪ʼˡ
һƷԸĿ꣬Ȼ壬ɵЭ
׼壬Ψһħ壬֮ΪħһһЩа
Ϊħ壬ڰ׼ĴкڰħзֹħǲĻħ塣
ԣ׼ķؾǷǳġ
ȻƷʱЩħҲͳΪˡ
ϣܶԸȥѪ壬ⲢԶԻȥԮ㡣Ʒ
İɣϷӦġ΢΢ͷʧ˺ڰ֮С
ߺƷչǿ̼֮㸲׼塣
ⰵ׼أ˿ϵǲ࣬ˡҲǸƣǱλڰʥǿߡ
ǰ׼ձħԵʣʹ嶼Եɭɭģڹһ㣬˾Щë
Ȼڰ׼صħ󼫶࣬ȻӲƷӣħ綼ı¶Ʒ֮¡
һ£
һ磬Ʒα˰׼С
;֮УƷ˸ħӰϢĴ˵ߣֱѰλǱڰеʥǿߡ
Ʒ粢ȥȫ˰׼˼֮ټסеһλʥǿߣӰٰ˹ȥ
һ
˲˺ҹƷ绯һӰֱӴһ䷿УĿʱڴ޵ϡ

һһ˫ۣ㿴һλֱֳֳԼɱڵֱ˹
£˫һ֮ʱ׼õĺڰͽȻֳڳһɫڣƷǰ
ƷȻһɫһֱǺɫն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ǻɫȫܲסһֱӱ㱬˿˿񾢵ˣ䷿ҲǾҵҡ
ڵһ£߻һâڿȥᣬڿա
Ʒһ⣬˫һţųȥ

߳һϱӿһǿҵĺɫââԽΣ̼㻯һɫֱƷȥ
ƷˣǺĹƣһֽ𽣣ǿעУӭǺնȥ
䣡
Ʒֱһ㽫˺ƶһɾ˵Ǻڱը˿ľӿɫĹ⻪˲׼塣
ʲô
ߴΪ𾪣ղŵĹȻЩִ٣ҲʹȫֵʵҲʵ̫ǿ˰ɣһȫƻԼĹ
תۣƺûӾзӦƷͻȻӵߵ󣬵ֻ˵ܲҡ
㣡
ͫױδӦ
ݣ
һƿ֮죬һѪɿպߵؿ֮УһϬĳð˳
㡭㵽˭߾ֵ˫ۣʼն޷ԼȻôˡӸյڣ߸ȫûĥ͸ƷӰɱԼĶֳʲôȫ֪
һˣûҪ档Ʒ絭Ļصݵһ𽣣ʹ಻ʵ˻һ׹ڵء
ǿӸղƷ͵Ϯɱߵʱ򣬼ֻһʱѡ
ڣֳĶС׼˶ˣһɫӰʼƷ߼
󵨣ʲô˾ô׼壡һŭڿ֮УֳλʥǿһǷŭǰλصĺˡ
λˣǰ׼ĴϰϰաΪ׼ǳְȨģ峤֮λ԰׼ɰλͳܡ
ʱ˷ֵǲص֮ʱΪ𾪣ϣ
ѾˡƷڿա
һ𣬼ǷŭסƷ硣
նһӱע⵽ƷҵҧгݵߣȻǣʥ
ʥһϸȥȷʵע⵽ƷҵɫǺ׼ʲô˼
˼ܼ򵥣ڷֻܴһ壡壬Ǻ׼壡ƷҡͷЦ
ٷϻ뿪ŭһ͵һھӿһӴĺɫš
Ҳʾǿĺڰħתȫ֮ڹʢţƬռһǿµĺڰ֮
Ŷİ׼еԱ𾪣׷֮ʼ׼ܱߵħ
䣡䣡
Ӵĺڰ֮籼ڵĺһ㣬ıƷ˹ȥ
Ʒûʱ밵ǽϾĸ廹ҪԸء
£ƷͽȻֳ𸮣ǿĺڰ֮ʱƷ˲С
ಣ
𸮻һСĿ֪ĳȥ
䣡
Ӵĺڰųײһ𣬶ټ㱩ӿ޾ˣӴĺڰϢưĳѹ˵ͷλʥǿߵĳ
ǣǿĹ֮£ƷӰȴȫʧˡ
ˣ
ݿȥȻ֣ȴҲ޷ѰƷ١
ȻܹǱ밵׼壬ͬʱɱϵˣ˼򵥶ɱ
ϣ׼Ҳʵ̫˰ɣѵ𣿡պ
ߣ²еô򵥣һ֮ɫ˵գϽȥͨĴ壡Ȼʼǰ׼еʵȥ׼Ⱥúʸ
ǣ
ճͷ¡
ɫź׼ڵķҧгݵߣǷǺ׼ģ֮ҾԲưոݵģ

̼ͬ䣬ھڰ׼ĲԶ֮
䣡
һǿҵıը֮죬һƬ֮
ʱ¼֮УҲһƬңĪ⵽δ֪ǿߵƻ
Ȼǳڵֱʡ
³ݣٽѪʱֱһϵڰϵںϾżħֱӱ㳯Ѫк˹ȥ
֪żħںϣԱ䡣¼⧲֮£˾춯ذıըֱ
򲻸սͷ֮ʧٵʧˡ˾Ҳ¼ֳĶܱߵĴ֮󣬱ǲֹ
ʱ䣬ᱻɢƷȥԸʣµ塣
ǣƷʱδ֮ġ쾪ҵʱֻҪݱ¶ȥ֮Ʒ롣
ڣںڷֱһƬҡеĸҲǿʼڻپۺţƺʼڰӿ֮ܽڷǿʼ˸еǲ


687 춷
ʱںڷУĴ졣
һıը֮죬ʱձüٲӿŴȺһЩСѾʼŻڼҵĴţʱ̶ˡ
ڣЩǾƺȫˣʼĻϵ
ǡ
һλ˵Ľᰣ;ƺһۣǻص˳
һվˣǲ˹죬ϡ
ǼλƲ״Ľ˽Ϊľŭ
Ϲܼң
˹˹ҲһߵΧ˹ȥ
ô£˹Ҫʵ
󡭡ˡԵ԰ף૵˵ǡǺ׼ˡϷ򡭡
ߣ׼ǲ񣡾ȻҳˣҪ췴ˣ˹ŭ죬Ŀڷŭ鶯
᰽ĳӣһ˵ˣϷҪ̸̸
Ϲܼңʲôֱ˵ǡ˹ѹеŭ˵
֮أϵ֮ΣϷ뵥̸̸һĹִ
˹üͷһ壬˾⣬֪֮أðɣɡ

΢΢ͷһӣͬŲ˹һͬȥһȺɻķ׷š
᰺ܾǽ֮ڽǰ˵ĻҲǶжҡ֮ġ׼Щ˵ûڰ۹սܲãԪˡΪ֮¶ȥ׼ĻǾǺ洦ġ
򣬺ڰ۹ܻԽշ׼壬ʹ׼ôҲȥѺڰ۹
Ͼڰ۹ǿǺڰ͢
ʱ˹ѾһܷУ˹ҲǼλ뿪ˡ
˵ɣʲô£˹ʵһȻ
׼Ѿѱˡ᰻ص
ߣҵ֮У˹һ׼徹۹ԣұҪ̤ƽ׼壡
ˣҲⲢô򵥡ҡҡͷϸϸĽЩ˵Ľ̸ϸ˹˵һ顣
˹Щ֮󣬾Ҳ޷֮ǰǰˣݺݵսȭͷҧгݵߣû뵽׼徹˵ıɣ
ˣڿ죿ǳı²ȥԸ׼壬οϷѾˣˡһΣڳǷǳҳϵġ
ˣú˱ǣ˹ĳɫհ˵岻һֱ׼һǸûᣡ
壡˫һ
û屾ˣֵĻ׼ҲԶټǳĻǾͿ׼ˣ˹˵
ǺǣǴӢ᰽ЦЦ
ʱɣָƣ˹
лˡ᰹
漴ڵĲ˹뿪ң»ص˴֮С
һǲ˹ԭӵĴټ㰲һľη֮ɫ
˹ڳһԱ׼ѱ䣬ΣڷǣΣ˵۹̼еı׼һͬǰ׼壬壡
ǣ
Ӧȴǰѣû뵽׼ѡѱˣ»һսˡ
̣С
ͻȻ
һλڼɫŵļ֮УһڵأڴŴæǡˡ
ʲôˣ˹ʵ
嶼⵽ĪĹڳѾȫĻˡǺڼ
ʲô
˹ɫ䣬ԼϣʣǺ׼ǱûУ
׼䱸ɭϣҲǳǾϽķΧʱûзκεĶǺڼص
֪ˣȥɡ˹˻֣ѾԵЩˡѾˣܹӵйʵںڷоΨк׼ˡ
ڲһûǺ׼ԿĻʱǴܾˣʤֱǵˣһλ³꽫ʿЦ˵ʵҲǲ߱ʥڵʵ
⻰ҲǴΪϲ
ʵԳıֱȥ׼ԿĻǶٻǻηġҲ⵽˺׼ĹǼѹ
˹һͬȥֹ׼壡
ǡ꽫ʿԵò⣬ֲ֪Ȱ˵
ûʲôǣȥȺú׼ɣȻҵ˹ŭɫսȭͷ˸׺ݵ⡣
ǣ
ڽʿ˵ͷ˳˴ʼԼԼĲˡ
˿̣ںڷУһƬҡ
ɱӣʧȥ˳ǾвСΪļҡֱ׳һ㣬ĴȺڻƴţѪܣܹ֫ǣһ㣬Ҳ̶á
ڣ嶼˾ң⵽ĪǿߵĹÿʧС
ˣ֪ǿں׼֮㿪ʼеԱʼƺƵ׼ȥ
ʲôıǿ׼島˹ϵȻҲҪҪһ˵
Ϊ׼峤ףȴ뿪˺׼塣
ͬںڷڱ֮⣬һƬɭ֡
ɱ֯ĵܵ㣬ɭĵͨС
׼Ϊɱ֯ĵߣȻ֪ɱ֯ĵͨ
ʱټİĵ¶֮УפһȺĺˡ
죡ϼһҹ
һװŭ֮𣬰һƬҽУʮλɱͨбһɾ˳
ţλ±ŭ˶֮С
Ϯ
ЩɱּΪһ±㾯׷׳еŵİΧźǡ
ߺˣ
һ𣬶֮УͻȻĵɫӰնһǼɱֵ
ǼǺǵʱ򣬴Ϊ㵡
峤ôǣһλΪȵʵ
ߣϻ˵ЩҪǵԪϣ׳ߵ
һʢ˵ӣѾλɱΪã֮ǰλӱ㵭Ļص˼ԪڱչأʲôµĻٹɣ
ߣչأɿɵĺã
ԪȷʵڱչأҪµĻҲǣǻᾡ촫ԪϡǺ
ⲻ֪⻰֮Ϊŭһ˵ߣҪҵ˻û˵ŵģɱ֯ˣֻǵķԪԽҵˣ
䣬гһ裬һɱ
ಣಣ
һɫ⣬Ľֱλɱֳȥ
Щɱַŭѣû뵽ǹɱˣѾȫΥ֮ǰЭ顣
ɱ
ЩɱҲٿеĳӭźǳɱ˹ȥ
¡¡
һľ죬ʮλʥǿڶоţһɹǿನҵĲšԭӲĶڣҲǿʼѿƬʯ䡣

֮УȴǾѾȫʥǿߵսˣǼµɱȫûʸ룬ƾǿˡ
⡭ô£
һȫյĶ֮Уһλ׷ԲԵĺɫ˫ۡоĳһɹǿҵȥĻɾҪˡ
ģЩһ
һ£߱ʧǶ֮С


688 ۺ
˿̣ڷһƬҡ
忪ʼʱڷǱһɭɱ֮
壬ǰıѪ壬˼ˣ£зֽʿħʦԽʿӶ࣬ˡǰ׼壬԰밵λΪףλħʦ
ӥ塢¼塢аƼ壬ȫսʿ壬ʵۺ
УѪʵǿλʥǿ򡣰ѪΣλʥǿߣϧ֮ǰѾʧһλʥǿߣʵ󽵡ӥ壬ÿ䶼λʥǿߡ
ܵ˵ʵ̫ԶģԱ˴˼ƽ⡣Ǻ׼壬Ծ߱ս֮
Ȼ岢֪׼ɱ֯ѾɵˣȻҲǿʢѹ׼ˡ
ˣЩԭŵһЩСĬ˳ս
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ۻǽһƬǻȥķᣬǵڵϵһ߾ʬ壬սȭͷѾ߬Ѫ֮С
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693 ֮ŭ
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ΣǶΪ˻ѡ
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ǽ졢׼ݣÿһƵĸոպãÿһǾԵ
͵ģǾǷҰһ㣬͵˽Ⱥ֮УʼȥȡǵʳЩɱֵѪҺ
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һ
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695 
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Ľ˸Ⱥ˸ЩɱȫǶ֣Ƶ˽ߣ׼ֻȥ
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λɱͻȻֻܴţΪЩĺʵʵ̫ˡЦǣΪ鱨Դɱ֯Ȼ֪ڴ½ллֿµڣ벻׵Ϊǿҵ⴦ɱ֯ĺܵ㡣
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ת֮䣬ǻҵȺ֮УһĺӰӭǳеɱ˹ȥɱˣɡ

͵һȻٶȺܿ죬ɱֻ΢΢ĸӦˡֻǾȵǶֵʵ֮죬Ҹоɢɱֻɱ֯вſӵе־þĥɱ
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ŭûԵùΪֻ¶ͫԵԽӵ䣬׸оֱӶŭҪӵĿµġ
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Ҫɱ߹ŭһӻһǿҵɫ⣬ȭж֮ӿһȭС
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һеŭԶԶδѪħ˺սȦгɱ˹ȥ
֮ͬ䣬ҵս֮УһȰĺӰ֪Ķܹ˵ߣ˲ں׼һԺ֮С
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׶˴󾪣ȭͷջŵǣƷӿһǿεУǴһĽס׶ǡ
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Ϊʱ׶ƺԵüΪƷϰγȭͷɫѾǺˣȻ޷ֺ
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׶ƴţǺ죬˫۷ףȫҵĳ鴤š

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Ƭռ͵һǰɫ֮УһһӰ˶ΪãȻǰһпհɫ硣

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ʵȫǻ󣬸򵥵˵Ӧ֮󡣷ǽߣҪ档ΪǶһռ䣬޷ĻԶ档
ңһܿµĵطǱǿ߿Խ˲㹥ߣֻҪľ㹻ǿߣʵԽǿܵѹƱԽǿЩʥ֮ߣܵѹƲرǿֻǶѡ
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ԣ͵һͫױͰ͵ľʵ㡭ף
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֮УûܵӰĵ򷴶ʵϺױ⵽ĹȻƸסˣʶüΪĻҡ
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ݣ
ѪħݺݵĴ˺׵ؿڣһѪ

ײҽһＷʹ־塣
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700 
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һһĲҽУЩǱһһĵ£ȫЩŵӵĶ֡
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սΪļңɣѪ罦һȥӰʧС
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һɭްΪ׵ڶŵӣҲǿʼֱɱЩǾսҲΪļҡ
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ʹ˻һڵѪҺȼʥѪҪӿٵʧţʼš
ʣµĲʣ
ѾȫľˡǾҳ鶯УһֻҲĴޱȵĥ
ţ֮ԽԽֱӱһ߸ʬȻʧ֮С
ֽһˡ޺޵ı˫ۣʥǿߵѪҺʵڻָԭ۷֮
ڣ󱨳ʱѾԽԽˡ


701 ķ
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֮Уսʵǿﵽʥڣˣʥǿ߶ѡ
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սһ£ͻȻռ侹ȻֻʣԼĦˡ
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ͬǣĦƷ洫뽣жϳ˵ġ֮ͬУ޵ˡ

ѤĽⲻϵĽţһƬһƬĻ𻨣˶üңƺƾС
ǣʹֻսԼвŻס
ΪսĦʱʵ̫ʹˣΪֵܹסĦÿһսÿһǻ˼˼ȥֵ
ĦʢˣһһնȥͣϢµǣĦĳʽȫڳÿһĳжǸһֳ䲻ĸо
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һ죬ռ䶼΢΢һ£ƷһĽâУݺݵϵĳһ𣬼һɫâ
ƷһЦ͵һ𣬶һǿĽһεеĳϮ˹ȥ

˽ȻһĸоԼĳбһǿΪܵߣԲԼеĳ
͵ģεľݺݵӿ˵ڡ
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һĶ֮죬׹⾪ĿеĳȻƷһ롣
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ǶȥĽ㼱ٵļ£׼Ĵ׹ͷ֮˽ȥ

׹ҽһԶ֮ϵԽӾҵĲʧ֮С
תƷն䣬𳤽˸źݹ⡣ڵˣƷͲĴ


702 ɱʥϣ
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ڶˣҪɱĻǾ͵üǵʵ
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ӥǣڼҵĽ̸š
䲻Զ֮һˣʱ̶ھš
Ϊ⴦Ŀռ֮УЩʥǿͬһռ䡣
ЩʥǿУѪĴ˹ӥ峤ӥƣаƼааף¼Ĳۣ׼ʥǿ߼帲û
˵ʧΪأսˡڴˣҲӥȼ˸վʥѪȼգȻֹͣʵ䵽ʥͲʵ
Ļɱ֯еλڣ⴦ռйоλʥǿߡ
ڣӥҲҶֻ֣ʵףĻʧҲ᲻СƷǿߵĴڣǸҼʵ
ӥڶԼ۲ݣ̲סʵǶ棬йͬвѵǻһʲô𣿡
ߣɱ֯еǴӲţаص
ǺǣǹִĿЦһЦ˵Ҵǣҵʵκһ˶ǿǼ˻ȼʥѪʵҪԸҵĻҿԺĸǣҼҲɱǶϣʱǻʣ¶ȥԸЩˡ
Ϊܻס𣿡ƢȽϳŭһһɱӡ
ǻţһᣬɢһɿµɱ
ߣҪ۵ģɫһ͵ĳȼһǿҵĺڹ⣬ǿƹıѹ˹ȥ
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ƴ󣡡˿ʼ˼š
˹ʵƣ˵ʲô취
Ƕɵӣɱ֯鱨½Ӵ羭ҲԶЩһֱںڷǿˣʱֻȥ
ħĻ۵İ취ǾǾּ֮һ㹥ϺõĻЩܽȥƲˣҲܼħǵƣ˵
ðɣǿ˵ĻȥʹթĻǾŹǣҸұ֤ӥĻصҲ
ǺǣڶֻһĿģǾ뿪ΪܶʲôһЦ
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˵ʲôĻųһҪɱȥӡ
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ǻ࣡һһ֮ɫֱ۷ֱ
£һָһط˵λãҸоЩ֣õĻܻһ㣡Ǿֳ﹥

΢΢ͷ
׼õĻǾͿʼɣ
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Ȼ䣬һǿʢĺڹʢ˿ҪƬռһ㣬һǿϢ
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͵ģһǿĽݺݵĳһط˹ȥǼ˾λʥǿߵĹʵĿ£Ѿﵽǿߵһ֮ˡ
䣡
һֲ죬Ӵĳһ㣬񱩵Ű˿𵴿һɾ޴

ɫһԺԵĸоһɿµķ֮˻
䣡
һ죬һƬǿƲϮ֮£ͬʱ˻ȥ
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һΣڱĵطȻ΢΢¶һ˿Ѻۡ
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ҲһϲɫٴοڵסԭȿҪƵλá
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˾ĸоһϬĽȻɫ䡣

һҽһͻȻؿڴð˳ʺɫѪ
񾪿ֵĵɴ˫ۣݼŤ˻֮У˱ĩһ㣬ʧ˵ǰ
պգվλãһĺӰ˳еĳѪ
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˾һǼħĽƷ硣
ûҡƷһЦ˵ʵĺ⣡û뵽ǾȻ˵ͬģһĻ˵汻Ǹ󣡡
졭󣡡
⻰ɫ䡣
˵ħ󣬵Ҳ֮ǿԽǿħ
ǺǣĺϷӦճɡƷһЦɱȻ
Ʒ磡ҪԸɱ֯׼壡ʱгΪǻ壡ֶδ̫˰ɣӥŭʵ
治˼֮£עѳΪǵСҵأһ㲻ÿǱڵĻϣƷĮĻصһ߻˻е𽣣ѹûЩνʥǿ߷
ߣǲ£˵ʵΪǿɱ֯ռ˹Сӵ鱨Сܹ̻ʿУǽĳֿµѣֻҪֵĻ֮һƴɱСӣҲͲˣ˵
𣿡Ʒһм˵ɱ֪֯ҵ»𣿡
Ʒ˵ЩʱϵɱҲӵŨˡ


703 ɱʥ£
ߣɱ˴ˣΨһĳ·һеĳɢͳɭɱ
˹ҲǷ׷׽еĳȫӿ֮ǲɵӣԴеĻǾ·һڹаλʥǿߣͬʱֵĻһ򲻹Ʒ硣
Ʒһƽһ޶õӡ
ɱ
˹һͬʱӽ֡
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ſȲԶ֮ΪƷɭֽŷȣϵĳǺɫͷڵĺڰ֮
ȻɭЩ֧סˣиǷ˲԰֮ɫ
䣡
һһǿ˷ӿȥ
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Ʒ磡죡ȥȣţᶼˡ
ƷϵɱԽӵŨأתһԵɭȥƺʲôһԭˣ
͵ģƷŭһĳ䣬˲ɭᰵǰ
ɭͷڵĺڰ֮ͻȻоǰһǿƣ͵˫һ㾪ֵĿһֻ˵ȭͷ
ɭȫʵʵı㰤һȭ
һ
ƷһֻȭݺݵɭᰣǱеһڱ֮УѪ
ɭʹһУٵĵ˳ȥ
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ﾪһҲһӴˡ
Ʒ粻ʾʹ˷Źɭᰣʹ࣬Ʒֱͷһ㡣ͳȥһʶģɭᰣɱڵŭʵ϶㵽׶ʲô
˵ţƷеּ˼֣Ϊŭޱȵһ˺ƷߵˣƷԻǸ
ˡɭᰱش̸гżȵΣʶҲȫʧ
Ʒɫŭɫʹɭ᰺ݺݵ˵ģҾȻûԼȻˣȥȥɣ
䣬Ʒ֮֡
ͻȻ
һ죡ȾǳǺɫȫǿҵİ׹⣬ֱϡ
飡
Ⱥݺݵײ붴֮УȻը˿ҵҡΣƬľʯ׷׵¡
ȣ
Ʒ羪һһֽɭ᰸˦˳ȥϿմȥ
飡飡
ƷһȭһȭĻЩʯӿɢ̳֮С
ۼƷҪ붴֮ʱ
Ȼ֮䣬һɿµӿһǿҵİɫŴ̳гֱƷ硣
Ʒ羪һ£˫ƳƳסǰɫš
û뵽ǣǰɫž֮ǿƷ缸ʹȫ㵲סĹŵĳ
䣡
˲䱬٣Ϊƣֲѹֱƶ¡ƷչӿһӴɵסһĴϮ


707 Ԫ̥
⵽ʲôΪλ֮ǿƷɫҲԽӶԿȸеǡ
ȣ
ҲǵϿմȥеϣѹƷϡ

һһ֣ɫղһǿƲ𵴣ǿܣǾǱʥǿߵȫһ
׷ʲôˣĦʡ
֪Ʒ˫ȭһһ˼ȫ˿ȵϣ۽Ͽմȥ
Ȼ䣬ҫһǿҵİ׹⣬׹֮Уһɿµ
һɫĿתĶҫİ׹⡣
磬ǰ׹֮Уȫǿҵİ׹⣬Ʈ䣬ɫԵüΪʹ࣬С
ȣ
Ʒ羪һҲͲסȵ˹ȥ
Ʒȥ֮ʱǹɰ׹ƺƷ˼ĵ⡣˲۳һɫЯǿݺݵĳƷ硣
Ʒһ˺ȣƷʶ˰˲Ƶ˹ȥ
䣡
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˿ļ٣ڿ֮ҲǵĿȻܵ˺
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ƷͷӴ֮ǰɫС˽ȥ
ȵǣɫ֮УȻһɾޱȣħҲڶɾȴԶԶĳǰߡ
֮£Ʒ֮̽ڿȵڡ
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ƷеɻǣǿľǴӺζأ
ͻȻ䣬Ʒ羪㵵ķ֣ڿȵĸ֮ʱʱ˸صİ׹⡣
ǣƷһԺһ󵨵뷨ɾڿȸе̥塣
̣Ʒ֮ϸϸ̥֮̽ȥϾϵԼĺӣƷ粻ֱӽ̥֮֮Уֻǽ֮Ļ̥Χ֮
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ζ̥ĳɳҲҪࡣҪѺʱ򣬿ҲûҪµʱ䡣
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ˣԪ̥ĳּǲܵģϾܹӵд֮봿֮Ů֮ʵ̫ϡˣӵȾɹļҲǷǳã
ݹżأԪ̥ӵ壬ӵΪľԪϣ֮
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Ȼ˵ѹؿȵھˡΪѹ֮ڲܶⷢйѹڿڱ

ʹ˻ţȫɫ԰ףˮĻ
Ʒ翴ۣȴ޿κΣĹȣΪԼΪǵĺӣһҪסڣһûµģ
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ȻƷǿ֮ѹ֮£ǿ֮ʼѹǹСıƻ̥֮С
ΪԷһƷһ֮ʵʵĹס̥壬ǱҲǱˡ
ˣ
ƷѰһջ˫֡

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ȣ
һȥ
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ѾһˣѾɭĻѾˣ֮ǰˡЩֵ˵
Ʒ΢΢ͷͷǷлԲѵɭᰣɫӡ


708 
ģʵ˹ԿԼһʵĴϡ
ȣˡƷϤЦ
Ʒ磡Ƚһ͵һ˫ۣ㿴Ʒһº͵ЦݣһпһϤݣλϣһϲɫ
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˺ˣûˡƷſȵıأοš
Ǻǣѹˣ⼸ǿɶˡ°Ц
죿һ㶣ʵ˯˺ܾ𣿡
ѾˡĦ˹ͻȻ
죡һɻƷʵƷ磬һ֮ǰҸоںȣҲʹ࣬оľǿһ㣬⡭⵽׷ʲôˣΪڻֱ仯ҶĺûΪҶܵ˺
ǺǣƤĺӰƷ΢΢һЦ
ӣȸΪ⡣
Ʒ΢΢ͷҲҽͣϲɫЦٺ٣׿ôòŻỳҵĺˡΪҷȸе̥йɾκԵԺǵĺӿ϶ƽˡ
ҪһԾӡ
ôأƷҡҡͷϲЦǵĺӲǹԺĳɾ˵ԶԶأ
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ֻҪܿˣǺӳĻʹҲ˼֡ƷϧĸſϸĽݡ
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˴ΣˣֱƷ磬ĦǰϻĶϳһеؾ峤аͷֵؾΪŵ
Ʒλ鿪ʼ֮ʱճĬ˵ĿҲǽƷ硣
ĬãƷаͷʵ峤ڵĽΣ
ѾķԸϵĶԻڽ˸ǰǿࡣаͷ򼴵һԾԾ԰ӣƺ뽫ؾ۷Ľ
ܺáƷ΢΢ͷ
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üͷһȻ֪ΪȻ˿أӦصһµ
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ţƷ糯Ŷϳʵϣմ۹ãɱ֯Ǳкζ򣿡
ϳĻص룬ɱ֮֯ܵɱ֯Ѿ۹ˡҷûĻɱ֯ڴľۼıһЩΪ֪ļƻ
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ڿǻɱ֯ʱѵڻ׼ж𣿡̲ס˵
ǰ˴ܵ۹ʶɱ֯ۼĻ˵ΪĦһ֣֮ɫ
ףȵڻȫı֤ᷢʲô飬ʱڿȵߣʱ۲ȵƷصԼİ˻ԼĺӣƷȫзҪλ

΢΢ͷƷԸǶǷǳԼߵˣۺʱεأȫȥҲƷ֮硣
ɡ˵ҺͼλһžӢн۹ʱɱ֯ĶһĻǻֻҪķǰУſ֪ɱ֯һֵϢ
һʱ޷з֮һһͬУ԰֮ϵƷص
˭
ɻ
ǺǣʱǾ֪ˣ׼һ°ɣձɳƷЦ
ǣ
˹񣬶Ʒ˵ҲǸеԽӵĺ档
ˣûʲôµĻ˴λ͵˽ɡƷ缴Ѿȥˡ

΢΢ͷ׷뿪˶ҡ
Ʒ絹Ҳûжڵĵطȥ
ʵҪɱ֯ĻֻҪҲǲСֻǿ̫ȶƷ̥Ҳ̫˽⣬Ʒʱڿߡ
ǽ𸮿ռĻҲ̫ḁ̃Ҫ½гɳһܼɣµʱ֮ڣƷ綼ʱڿȵߡ
Ͼ̥ǿƷʱҲɶԿȵľһЩٿԼԺӳʱܵʹࡣ


709 һʥ

һһĽ֮һԺ֮УĦ˹˹ڼҵĽš
˹ֵܣ˹Цһӽϡ
ɣĦ˹һʾӭȥ
ΧվһȺˣ˷ܵĽкţ֡
Ȼ۽ϵĻ˱ԶϵĻ˹ǿĦ˹
Ħ˹͵ֵЩˣȻޱȣмȵĶ־
֮УƷһֲſȻ̤СѰ˴λ£µĹۿⳡս
ǺǣǶǿˡƷ΢΢һЦӶʵȣƷ绹Ǿ÷ǳġ
㲻ڵʱǶŬȵͷһЦĽͷƷϣҸ
Ŀȣƾһʱʢſ뿪Ӷţ齨ӶţȥҲǳɳࡣ
ǰ뿨һŷңԶ룬Ϊľ齨һ֧ԽSӶŵӶšڵĿȣȴǻ԰ģûκεɱ¾ԺúõԼһѾǿԸˡ
ˣȣмҪ㡣ƷͻȻ˵
ʲô£ȼʡ
ʵҲûʲôģҲǹɭ顣ƷЦЦ
Ǻܺã㲻ڵʱһֱڱǣûĻ綼ˡ˵ֻٸ˵Ƕͦõġ
ʵҵԼˡƷ̾һ
ԼˣһΪֵĵƷ˵Ʒ磡ôأôãΪʲôҪأ
ҲпԵġƷһΣ㽫ǰշɭᰵȫȫĸ˿ȡ
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ԼѾˡƷҡҡͷ
ˣһ𾪵ӡ
ǵġƷüҲеɻĵطԼӡҵľ־ûнҲûһֱȥ⡣ǰȴɭѾʶӦʹһЩرֶνԼԼӡּıţ˼򵥡
ҲȥͻȻǰȻԴ֮˱ʧˣ֪û뿪Ҳû˺κһˡ
֪ұҪȥƷص
ȥɣҿţûµġ˵ɫ¶ɭᰵĵǣദӶ˵ɭҲһġ
ðɡƷ΢΢ͷͷԿЦǺǣȣ뿪
ӶҪһɫ
ǺǣҲҪƷЦЦһ±ʧ
ΪڰħʦǶϲΪİĵط
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һΪ֮ܵУɭɭһӰɭɡ
ʱɭƺԵüΪʹ࣬źڹ⣬ĻָڵơԴ⵽Ʒǿ֮ɭȷʵ˲ơ
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ʱһǿҵĽһϵϢԤ׵ֱ˹

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Ѿ֪ˣҪɱ㡣ɭһƽ¡
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ȻˣҲǷҿ뿪й¶ȥƷƽ˵۽ɭᰣʵⲢƷ˼

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ߣҲܽһǱڵвߡƷһɫ䵭
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Ȼɭᰵ˵ͷ㾲˵Ϸԭںڰ͢ˣϷ򲢲ϲڰ͢硣һγжĻᣬϷɹ˹͢Ȼһֱڴ½Ϸ֪ҪȥԸڰֻ͢ҪϷ֪ģԻĸ㣡ҲʾϷҳϣ
ãҿԴӦƷ
ллˣɭһĸм
ǺǣԺ󲻱ؽˣųɣϲĻֱҵֱɣϾ˵𱲷ҿɱСˡƷ絭һЦ
Уɭ᰾һ£ԺӶŵʱұ㻽Ϊų֯Ļұ㾴Ϊ
ǺðɡƷ粢ҲƷ˼ص˵иҪ㡣
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ȻԣȻϷѾԼϾӡǻûȫĨȥģϷʱϢݻظɭ᰹ֵ
ܺãҲʾҵҳϣϣʧ˺κһˣҵֶΣƷв
Բңɭ᰻ֻ̿صһ亹
ˣˣǶͦġƷ絭˵

ɭԼ¶һ£һůСһֱںڰ֮УԴӶŵɭᰲܵʲôйġ
Ʒɭ᰻ص˴Ժ
Ǽɭ᰻ʱ򣬴ΪϲһĻһĮɭ᰸о˼˿ů
ŵʵҲΪɭᰵļǿЩʵ
ϾڰʥʵãԲǿЦġ


710 Խв
գϳ֮λϣʽʼǰ۹
֮УȴǶһλߡ
λߣҲ֪Ʒūɭᰡ
ǣ˾ȵǣɭᰲƷԼɭ᰻ţʵѾﵽʥ˸е𾪡
ڣѾӵλڰʥǿߣ˶ڴ˴εжҲԽӵġ
֮⣬ƷҲڰĳɳԴ˴ǱмƻİλǿҲͬʱ롣
ŵӣֳһܵǱ۹һˣҲЩӣʵڽǿƷŵʱԺúЩӵʵ
ԣƻжѾʼпʼˡ
Ȼŵжʼ֮ʱɱ֯Ҳѿʼ˾ۼж۹дʵɱ֣۵۹۶֮һ֮ܳУ۶Զ
۶֮УҲʼоۼӴӿƺʱһ
ʱһİĶ֮УڤڤĻ𣬼ɭһηһ㡣
ûһηλڼܵأֻ⴦ܵѰиĽΪһܵη
ǣη֮УǹѺʲô۹طǹѺƷϤһȺˡ
ڼλһЩҪԱ
η֮УʮΣѺŰˣԭڼݵλˣû뵽޹ʹѺ˵أ˭ﵽʲôطǶȫ֪
ֻ֪ǣη棬פĺˣɢŨŨɱƾηеЩνЩ˾һһ㣬֮
ηľͷ֮һȽرηΪְΪţֵܿħͼ˿֮أɼѺ˼򵥡
ͻȻ
ŵĵη֮У˵һ죬ʯŵƶ֮Ȼ˽ˡ
ԼĹ֮£һˡ
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ЩѺڵɫֵλˣ亹ܣܾСһ㣬һ
ֱǺߵεľͷ֮ʱ̧Ǹ΢΢һ
˵һ
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᳤һλ߹ӭ񣬴Ҳɱ֯ĴԪ졣
ȻλĿĺˣҲɱ֯Ļ쵼ߡ飬ҲԽ
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711 Ѫ
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Լǿ֮Уһλˡ
Խһ£Ϊľȣԭ㣡
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Цɱ֯ݵÿһѰңܹڷϢͬʱȥܵ㣡ֻѪħͣԽ̱е
Ѫüɫһ壬һɫ˵ѪħûҪɱ֯ԣɱ֯⵽˾޴ʧ⣡ѪħγֲǴʧ
ߣΪһĻ𣿡Խһ
ҪԸɱ֯ΪѪħ˻Ź𣿡ѪһԽǰãѪħܵҲ⵽ĪǿߵĹϮʧءĳѪɷսѪħˣеܶˡȻҲǻǣΪֻɱ֯ſ֪ѪħĲ֮أǲûУΪǶѾϲ⵽λǿߵݣҲһֱҪȥˡ
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ЩԽݺݵı˫ۣǿǸڼΪۣĻһжǰϡ
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712 ѪǱ
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713 пֱ
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ԭʹȴ޿κΣò֪롣
ʱ֮УɺѵĳӣŭѪȵۣͰȷ˻ǼһԲһˣ
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ѩԭڣȻɫ䣬û뵽иĳ֡


714 ȥ
ɣ㵽װŪȥˣԭŭ
ߣ˿ֺұ֤޷뿪ѩۺֳһɫĳƲ
Ѫ΢΢һЦǺǣȻ˵Ϸ򲻾ǣϷڿûʱˣ
Χסѩ۳һԭڱķסѪȥ·
ǺǣѵǲҪϷ𣿡ѪһЦ
ңԭ
кβңѪвǿ˼ȣµа֮ʼڵѪҺ

ʹУȫҵĳ鴤
ǣԭһҲͲסһ⣬ɱ˵ֱѪȥ
ߣ϶ѣѪһӭһƣֱƳһӴѪɫţӭųеԭѹ˹ȥ

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ĳ˲˺ѪɫţѵѪɫȴ͵ıը˿
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ԭΪ𾪣֪Ծὣ
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͵һԭѪֱӵ˳ȥ
ԭ֣ѩ۶ٶһ
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ɼ䣬кȻһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ҲԵĵˣλǿߣǿߡ
ݣݣ
һһʥΪȥѪ죬Ƿ׷֮ȥӭǹɿµľ
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Ϣƽ֮ѪӰȴͻȻʧԭء
ˣ
˴ΪɫҲΪľֻ֣һ֮ͽʮλʥǿ߱ˣ˴Ĳ

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ԭ쳤Хһ˫ĿѪ˿Ե˵ʹ˵Ĳߣ˵Ρ
ԭۿԼĶԼǰԼȴΪ
ѩһ㵣޺޵ԭв״ȥǣǷŭ
ԭʹı˫ۣһۣŭս˫ȭ߬Ѫ֮УǿмѪˮʹΪʲôΪʲôǶҪɱ㣡
ಣ
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ʵ˵Ҳд⣡ѩۺὣ֣ǼΪ۰ѩ˿
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ѪҪߣԭһߣ
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ߣ
ԭʹһ˿ŭһѪҡΣһŵأǲʣʹ಻ѣʹ޵ǶԲΪûܾ㡭


715 ڰϮ
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ԭصأһֱѳɸʬǣ絶ʹĿǶԲ𣡶ңңΪܣҾȻ
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ڵԭĻյ磬ڵֻһͨͨĸףȨΪԼȥĶӶʹ
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ѩ۳߽ʹеԭǰһصĴԭҼϣԭ֣ʹ࣡ڿɲǸʹʱʱ˿Ͱȷ˿ɶϼһǵúúԸ֮ߣ
ԭ͵һվӣɫһһȻذȵģ
ξȣǼһʵԶܶУǼһﶼȫȻ֪Ҳ˵ڻʹͬǴڷǳΣյľأΨſɶԸѩһأֵȻƷܹڶʱڸϻĻҲǵϣ
ûǾȥȴǻԲܵκεʧɺص˵
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ѩ΢΢ͷ۽ԭԭ֣ųͬ׷ųĹλ
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飡飡
һľ죬ǿ͵Ⱥ֮УٶһƬҽУʮֱӱҳ⽴
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Щɱֻóɱʵϻڵʿţ֮ͻĻǷǳǵģڵʿչҹƵʱЩɱֻܽȴ㡣

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ΣʿŵĹʵ̫ˣֱѹЩɱ¥ķȥǵȻд򶷵ĻпܻᲨ޹ʵĳ
ЩǾѾ޷һεսΪ˱谭׷˿սվԶʱʱЩ
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ǣƬ۶֮УʹڣһƬɱ֮Сɱ֯һĳԱڼĽǧɱ˻ʹ


718 
Ѫ꣬ҵɱ֮ȫǣһƬֻš
Ȼƽ֮ȴдյĴԺüΪĹ졣
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ʱڼ֮УƺӰ߶
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ڣ֮Ѿ˺ܾˣҲ֪Ѿ˼Ķ
λϣѵҲҪ۹ΪǿҪúڼʲôף˵ԭŵա
Ҳ޿κΣʲôԵɣˡ޷棡λҪǣ򵭵Ļص˫
ǺǣǿЦǴ˾ٿڱѵ۹ѵԹ𣿡˹Ц
ǿɾͶԲˣȻλˣǾ͵ˣ˹ޱ˵лĳһϬĳ
ȻˣҲˣҪǵľǣĻԻ˶ڼ壡𳤽˸ɭĺ⡣
ˣһλһӰͬ˹һͬ˻
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ԭµķᣬ㱻ǾâݻˣըΪһƬĩɼȫûֵġ
ﾪ㵵µķ棬ŭű򣬺ȻˣҲݹˣ
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һǱѳĽһɵжԵǿʼĳԷӿһɿֲ
죬µĵ棬Ѷ
ŭɫ͵ǿ˼һˣˣ˲˿
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￴ԽǷŭŭ򣬳ĺߵѵͲ⵽Ʋ𣿡
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۵ôϢʵԲ
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뵽ڴˣɺ㲻ɼǿ˹ƣȫﴭϢĻᣬӽɱȥ
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һ׼˻ᣬʹ˷Ź˹תٵ˹ȥƵ˲˹࣬һ˹ұ۸ж

˹ʹһ˫۷ףϱ֮ӿѪʹĵȥǻţҲһˡ

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ĴЦĿ治ңھֻʣһˣʲôǶ
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719 Խ
˿̣ڵ۶֮УڻʹҲһƬ˺֮
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৵һӰӴܵȺ֮УɨһĽâЩâǶģ̵˺Щ˵ӡ
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ԾΪԾȺввٴﵽʵˣǶȼѪҺĻҪԾλʹرֶδﵽʥǿ߻ҪǿһЩ

ԾͻȻʹһϾǱ˼Ѫڣʹѡ

ԾһɨȥϬĽâ˲ɱʮˡЩ˼ֱͲһ㣬ǳȺӿ˹һҪɱԾŸһ㡣
üͷһ壬Щ˲еô򵥣һɱ
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ӭڣҫһĶ֮⣬糱һĳЩ˳ȥ
û뵽Ⱥ˾ǽƻĺܣһɱʱ򣬱׷˻ȥ

Ծһǿյлųȴǲ֪ѲӰ
屬һֱѷеԾ˹
Ծһ㶣չȥȺʿ˵Զ㵶ʣ磬ôǣ
ɫһ˵Ѿˣ
Ծһ㶡
ʱټĻʹ㳡֮УӿһȺӰפڻʹеʮ򾫱һǿʢս⡣һսף䲻ˣɢһսĥвӵеŨսƺƵȺŵĽǸΧסˡ
ǺǣȻϣѩȷʵǽʮ򾫱פ˻ʹ֮У綼Ѿˡ嵭һЦ޾ɫ
ಣಣ
һɫӰѩԭפڹеλʥ
Ȼڵ۶⵽ĵϮѩֻϧεǣʹѾԮȥˡ˵ĻǻʹҪزסˡ
ʱǶѾΧסˡ
ѩۼͷıڼˣб˳ĬĿԭ
ԭŭ죬ŭʵ壡ԾѵҲҪǸһΥѵ𣡡
һԭЦǺǣ壡̫ˣѵǿԸĵģƾʲôڼҪػ۹ѵڼʵһ֮Ȿһǿʳ磡ǲΪУǷȰԼǣıǿƣ
ҾԲǣҲڣԭҡͷʵҵҪ㣡е˵أ
ԭڼԽ֮⣬Ŵ˶ѵģЩУԭȴֻȼλϤ˶ѡ
Щһͬ޴̣ҵЩ˸ûмڵıҪԾȵһ֮ɫ
ԭɫ䣬ŭǾȻ˲ɱˣǾͲ⵽Ӧ𣿡
ӦԾΪмЦ壡ɵ޴ǾȻܹȡ۹Ȩľ԰գ
ǿɵѩŭг˼ȵɱ⣬Ҫɱ˵أ
䣡
һϤЦҹл𣺡ۿǰ
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ף
ԾԽ֣Ϊľϲ
ԭԽʵ˵Ҹǳһϻǵأ
ȻǵĻӦѡվϷߣԽԸһȰĿǳԭ˵
ߣΪдϣȻΥѵɱ֯ѵ۹Ͳڼˣԭߵŭѡ
Խõ۹ĻȨҲԲϿ㣡ѲҪΪ𣿡ѩ۳
ǺǣɾͲˣֻҪ»Ȩɱл壡ʱһ֮Ϸ𣿡ԽһЦֵԭͲڻȨΪһ嵽Ϸ򣡡
㣡ѩֱ۱ͻ
ԭŭ˫ȭʣԽҿ㣡峤֮ǳ֣֮
ߣǶǿԲģԽɫһ޺޵˵ǵƷӰϷĴƣȻ峤ǻ˵ףһԴͷǹĶӣƷ磡
˿ɵΪڼҲΪе裡ұҪΪڶŻԭһ
͵һ£ԭϱǿҵ⣬еĳŭĳԽɱȥ
ԽһȫԭĹ
ٵһ£
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ۼһҪԽʱ
ͻȻһ£ԽֱǽһץĿס
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ԽĨһЦĺߵԭҲ̫Сˣ
ȻԽУ˵Ľɫ⣬һɿֲԭϳС
Խһ͵һʹ
һ
ԭеĳıԽһֽضϣԽٱƳһƣʵʵԭؿڴ˹ȥ
飡
ԭȫһζ˺ѿһ㣬дѪٵĵ˳ȥ
飡
һԭǷɵ˵Уըһ̵ĴӣƬķʯڵأ
ɵһУƽĳ㽫ﵽʥԭء
Ǿ֣Ʒ˵ԽʵѳԽԭȵ峤磬ﵽ˿µİ֮


720 ŭս
Խ㾹ȻġԭͻȻվӡ
ͦ𣿾ȻܿϷһƲԽһЦ¶һݷ̡
Ҫײ𣿡ԭĺߵ
ΪϷûνѪ֮ףԽĻص
һνһΪĶصĴۣԭ
Ǻǣ𣿡ԽмһЦɫһǾûȡʤİ𣿡
ٲ񣡱ʹһҲҪıѪѩ۳нŰ֮ǳơ
ǺǣۣɲԸˣԽһЦһɣ
ৣ
һѪɫӰƾն֣λµѪħ˵˸еȵǣÿһλµѪħ֮Уպץ߸ʬ
ЩµѪħĳ֣ٿеĸʬѩۼֱҪĺһЩǵ׻ԣ
ΪЩµѪħϵĸʬǹеӵлѪ֮ˡǲ˹ܵأû뵽ǱЩҵˣǲ̵Ľɱ
ǸŮǺͯȻ޹ʲ
ʹ࣡µʹ࣡ŭµķŭ
תۿλѪ֮ڷѩҲֲסԭ侲˫۳죬޲ýԽж˿顣
ڷŭ֮УҲȫľˡΪЩѪɫĹԶеĻҪ¡
ԽúģȻĻаѪħ壡ԭҧгݵǿܵƣһŭĳԽɱȥ
޴֮ˣ̣Խһ̧һƣջȥ
ͽȻ֮䣬Խƾ֮УȻһɵɫⲨɽһ㣬ĵöԭѹ¡
ԭδƽԽǰ㱻Ǿѹס
һ
ԭʹһٴѪݺݵıڵء

ԭɫʹ࣬ȫѪҺǱ˵һ㣬޷һ˫޵ͫףȴĶԽ
Խ۵¿մԭǱĵ˵ĳϣλ֮УʵϷǿŲɱ㣡Ҳ̫֪ߵغ˰ɣ
ԭƾһ˿ŭһһѪƣ۵ɵڵأǳȴȻ˵Ŀ̹ģиǾں硭ģ㻹𡭡
ԽĴЦĳŭɫѩ۵ٵۣ۹ϷΪˣİɣҾԻ۹Ϊ½ǿĵ۹

һλʥֱ̤ΪĦ޷򡢺նܡ³ʥʥҲ۹ʵҲǿʵΪ˶Ѵﵽʥ֮
ôѵǻǿֿ𣿡Խһм
Ħޱ飬һӡ
ۣϷһֱܵ۹ٺ»ŵнա۹֮ΣȻ⣡ֻϧǣҲΪػ۹һսˣĦĬĬ˵

ѩƺʶʲôɫȵĶĦˣǣ
ǵģѾˡ޷΢΢ͷԽǶ۹һλĵԺ֮λλ֮У۹⵽֣֮ΣʹһҲҪֹһУ
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һȺӣҲ˵޴ԽһмھʵǰϷǣʲô࣡
ѩۺᣬ߾ٳŭһɱ
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ǣЩӢµսʿȻη壬ĻеĳնǰĵˣԵĵεǿ
ЩǧλʿǷӳƣһֱȼѪҺڼʵ֮УԾסĲж
Щʮ򾫱ɾͲˡ

һƬһƬĲҽ֮ǵеİҪôͱı˵ĳҪôͱЩµµѪħΪ˸ɡ
һĻʵ̫ˣ
ӢµսʿһһѳְûʹһҲҪмֵ˺
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䣡䣡
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ҹ֮УѩλȼʥѪʥֹսԽذһһĿֲˣƬռ䶼Ҫһ㡣
ѩְֳˡĦ˸סԽѩ۱ѰʱɱԽ
κΣԽʵ˵ǿ󣬼ȼʥѪ֮ĦˣҲѵԽ
ǰʵʥǿ˵ѿԽһȫµĲΡ
ݣݣ
Ħȫγ˰Χ֮ƣסԽڷλĽǶȫնһ޴Ľâ㼫ϮԽ
Խݿն
ⲻ֪ѩȴԽϿԱֳֳհҫۣɱ¡
Խǲмӭնϣѩ۵һӭնȥ

ҹ֮УӴĹⲨ˫һռ䶼ҪŤһ㡣
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һɿֲ˴ǽ֮бը˿;ˣǺХһ㣬ֱѩû
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˶ѣ˵˷˱ѣԽգˡ
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䣡
һ죬װ쳹أɵжԵӴ֮ĳӿ˻֮ˡ
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һĦ˾£ɫ֣ʵҲʵ̫̬ˡ


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ҵ֮Уҹ֮УֳԽӰ
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ԽͻȻͳ£ٶȼޱȡ
Сģѩ۾һ
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һգۣԽǰĿס޷һ˺ն˹ȥ
޷򾪵һ£ִ֮£ӭһ

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ļлǻлشҪϵɺѾ˲׼ʹԱȥȡ˵
һ̣ɺЦˣЦô˵ʹޣŭһЩļһﶼȥɣ
͵ģɺҪԱһ̣һȻɺ𣺡ˣ˻һ̣

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ƽɺǰΪĳԾûü֣㱻һɱɱסĸеĿ־塣
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ֻ˵λǿߺǿǿþɺΪǴﵽ۷״̬ԼܲλǿߵĶ֡
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Ŷ̶ʮӵʱ䣬ʿŶԸ˵Щɱ֣ȻȺ˸ͨͨɱˡ


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͵ģϳ˫һɣһʹӰοٵת˹յĶһƵࡣ

͵һǱ֮ͫУɿ˶ϳڴԼӹȥʱǱ߶ټһݵЦݡ
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һƿ֮һ֣ĸоһĽ
һٶȼ죬ûȫӦϳγֵģҲ֪ǴӺζĳΨһ֪Ƕϳһչ¶ʵԼҪǿ
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С֮³ϳһͻȻֳ˼ӰƶŶϳֱʹķȥ
ת֮䣬۶֮еЩɱֲҲˣҲֻʣ»ڴˡ
ҹ֮ϣＤҵĽš
ȼʥѪʵִڷ״̬ЩѲ
ǣʱƣȼʥѪʱޣʵѾʼļ
Įоʵ»ϵĹƿʼͽȻ͡һһϣٶȼޱȣۿȥֻɿĽӰ

ＫĵֵÿһӲ⵽һǿһѪڣѪƵ˵Ǳ
쵰
סһڵʥѪ͵ļӿȼգĶȻǿ˼֡

ǷӰĴţǿҵ⣬ĳϻնһĽâ
ˣҲԵ˵ƽеÿһһ˫Ѱѵĳᡣ
ݣݣ
轣ٶԽԽ죬ٵӰҹա˿ѹȥˡ
Ҳֻ֣ܰ㣬һĶ˷ԼʵʵȥԸʹЩĵǿߡ֮ȴǰڳ֮УһɷĽ˳
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ûлشҲûҪشֻĿ֮еɱԽŨˡ
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ﾪһ£һ̼䣬һ˫ͫг˿־壬ƺѾʧȥ˵ֿ֮
ݵһ
һ˹ȥݺݵ¸֮УһĽټŰš

־ĵɴ˫ۣȫҵĳ鴤вϵѪӿǰ
һͷ̽Ķߣ˵˸㣬ѾʲôɱˣֻһĶħѡ
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ԭŭսˣӵԽ뽣ϾԵλʥǿߡܴս֮£ԭѾʼ·硣
壡ǻ𣿡ԭһһݺݵ塣
Ѿˣò˵ңŭһճʢţ̺ŵѪ⣬׼ʹѪħԭ¶ˡ
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ⲢЩνµħһƷĹԽǰһ˫Ѫɫͫ׽Խ
ߣΣԽһϷʧԭΪʵʸϷ֣˴οҲ˶ѣе㲢ȫʵϵǰѽϷͦȤġ
𣿡Ʒ𽣣ɫԵúƽȴǳǿҵĳ֮⣬ΪʹްŭԽ˵Խ³ˣұúõܹʹ࣡Ҳٱ
ЦǾϷԽЦһֱ߿мٵĳȥ
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ⲻϷ֮⡣Խɫֱնȥ˰׵ľ룬ϬĽâһ˲նƷǰ
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ƷǾͷŭһһӴµѪɫⲨĴƷӿ˿ȥƬռ䶼Ҫһ㣬籩ǱĹޣѹ˳еԽ

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뵱꣬Ʒ粻һƲķ֮أƷ缸Ѿ˴½жǿ֮С
ܣǲܵģԽԵЩץţƷչֳľʵ̼֮£еΪܴԽѾʼоʹ
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730 ʹ
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Խɣ³ɺޣһˣƷһڵĿħתϱǿҵѪɫǿ⡣
Խ˫۷Ѫ˿ݺݵ˵ΪϷ¹˭ֻһ
˵꣡
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֮ٶȣ۸׽Ʒ֮Զת۱ƵƷǰһŭն˹ȥ
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Ľ˲˺ԽǱ֮ݺݵ˺ƿһ̵ѪڣһɵѪӿ¶ɭɭ׹ǡ

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ϷҪûԽЦһٴ𳤽ڵĶע뽣УĿĹâƬҹգһɾ˵Ļ֮纣ХһľѹƺƵĳƷϮ˹ȥ
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ȳҲǾһһһȥǺаеĻԽս֣ĽֵѪҺջΪá
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ǣԽȴ޷֣ڱаƷûԵκεη壬һ˿ʹĺжûС
뵱ѪħеѪλ϶ԼѪҺ޷ɹοԽҪһεѪħƷв
ϲҵѪҺǰɣǾƷһǱڵ֮ӿ룬һɹɽɫ̼ͨƷĴ
Խɫ֣ƷѪҺ֮ʱһɼΪµĽɫǽֱӿ˽ȥԽڣһһԽڵѪҺ
Ʒɫһޱ˵ϣɷİɣûеõҪĴ𰸣ҾԲô׼ȥģһúȥʹ
˵꣬Ʒ͵һɾֱӽԽ˿ȥ
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Խŭѣû뵽Ʒ羹˵ļ֡
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ߣֻ֪ĸ׺˿䣡Ʒһ֮ѱƬ۶Χ֮ضѰˣȻѰĸѩ˿䣬ƷиеǳĲ
Ϸʵ˵ĸǸͲϷϷҲ֪ΪʧˡԽǿЦӡ
Ѫħɵú𣿡ƷʵʹгЩµѪħǲѪħûв
ûѩȴȵƷֵܣǻδɱʹ֮ǰб⵽δ֪ǿߵĹųҲʱ˵ѪħǼһ
ЩƷǱŭѣѪħĲƷзǳ㳯Խŭʵ˵
Ϸʲô֪Ϸж֪ǼһﵽģԽΪʹ޵Ļصû뵽ǱѪˣƷŵĳ֣ԼˣҲֻʣԼһˣѪǼһͻȻ˼һ㣬ȻӰˡ
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ƷԽĻش˫ȭ߬ԽԽбųѪ˿ݺݵ˵ҵģ
Ǻǣʼеʹ˰ɣָоϷ÷ǳĿԷܡԽЦĴ̼Ʒ硣
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Խ亹һû뵽Ʒ֮죬ִ֮£֮Ž
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һǿҵײĻ⣬Խƽһֱɾ˳ȥ
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ǸӣԽŭһηŲƷ潻Ǳ۶ķȥ
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͵һ£ƷֹסΣصУսĵڷеԽǰ
ߣûʹңûʹˣƷԽ˵Խŭ漸Ǵ˳ϵ𽣱ޱǿҵѪɫâӴĿħӿУһ˿µϢɢбһ;
Խ֪߲ˣŭһҲѪⷺģħһ㣬ӭƷ硣
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Ȼ֮䣬˵ѹ£Ƭ۶УǿƬ۶ҡ𶯣ǹѶ̼䵹ʮݣȺֶӣǾѹţӣŲӡ
ƷԽųƽ֣ΪĲϵıӿֲ
Ʒ֪ӲĻԵ۶İΣӰ죬ڵĿħȻǿ˼֣ѹԽΪ߿մȥ
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ʱѾ嵽׵ĸ߿գе¶ȴǿĴ߶֮£һһ㣬˵ܴ
ڣ¿֮Ѿȫ˵Ӱˣֻɿҹдɾ޴Ĺţ˴˳š֮ߣ˳ɢƣȻ˵Ĳġ
ƷˣƲϣڵĿħԴԴϵӿ
֮شԽȴǱƷѹţѪڣǱ߲ϵıѪܡ
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һȭˡ
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ڣΨƷԼеף˭Ҳ²ⲻƷ뷨


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ʱеԭҲ޾ʹ֣;ǿ˹ƣ׺Ļɱ˹ȥ
Ѫһ϶ȻһԲѪɫˣռ伱Ťԭɫ֣ǿռŤ֮УεĳƳٻеĳ޷ٵݽһ֡
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ѪһȻ̤Ʒ磬ĵΧˡ


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ǿǰǿߣôıƷɱأ


741 ٺ
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ԲУԭվǰһеҲһҳػӡ
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ѩüͷһ壬²УƷľǡƷķ´ҲҪƻָ֮þ
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ѩɫأصǵģҺҲ֪֪ͼƷ۹Ķˣž۹ͽҲ޳ɽ
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Ӵѹ֮£ʥ۷弶ǿߣҲϰС᲻κεķ֮⡣
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ά˿üɫһоƷϵı仯ƺѾӵ˲ԼʢеɱҲ͸ˣߣһĳɳٶʵ̫ˣһҪѰһϵܣ
룬ά˿Ʒ˵ͼˣһжԱ˵ûõģ
ǺǡƷһЦ֪ʲô˼ҾӦúú̸̸м¶˵ӦñȶһҪӵĸȤ
ߣΪĻ𣿡ά˿һ
ǾͿЦˣֻһ˶ѣҪɱңֱϰļ򵥣һв𣿡ƷЦ
ά˿˼˻ǾͿ˵ʲô
˵꣬ά˿ֻһ׹⣬ֱƷϡ
һ£˵ľ֮УƷͬά˿ͻȻʧˡ


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Ʒ磡ѩ˿˺ѷΰʹһڵأݲҰסòûˣ޶˶˵Ʒֱά˿ˡ
ѩۼǲ̣ߵѩ˿ǰ̾İɣ˿ƷСֵһµģҽҲ˵ˣһа취˵ġ
ѩ˿ĵ˵ͷҲֻϣά˿ԷŹƷˡ
ʱƷѾһããĿռ֮С
Ʒ֪˴ά˿ռ䣬ά˿ҲģռУǴﵽ۷״̬ƷҲôȥ
Ͼ𽣵ѲͬգܹӲά˿˹𽣽а֣Ʒ籾ʵά˿ʵ̫Զˡ
ˣһ𣿡Ʒ糯ǰããĿռл
ǺǣҲеά˿ƾֵ֮ƷǰԶ֮۽ƷЦĺܲ𣿡
ܼ򵥣ֻźǽòҪĶˡƷЦƷȫά˿
Ǻǣ㲻֪ɱ㱾ͬԵõϵһ𣿡ά˿ɫһ˫ɨƷϵÿһҪȥƷϵܣֵʵһǳɻӵпµʵ֮죬²ûĻӦ˰ɣ
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ߣ֪Ҳûϵֻ֪к˵Ҳɱɡά˿ĮͻȻ˼ɱ⡣
ѵû۹ٵĻ𣿡Ʒ練ʵ
ȷʵ֪ܸȤ½г֮͢⻹н۹Ƶֵزά˿Ʒ硣
Ǻǣ֪Ѫħ壿ƷЦʡ
Ѫħ壡ά˿һЩɵȴװһм˵һڴ½оħ˶ѡ
ǽɾʹˡƷһ˵Ѫħ岻ûоǧʱڲΪ֪ĵط֪ڿܻвǹ͢ʱյĻѪħٵѪħ塣˵Ѫħ֮ʱǹ͢ĳԹҲǼѪħ帴յĻǹ͢ҲһΣ
Щά˿һأʣСӣô֪ЩУƾʲôñȥĻ
Ǻǣҳϣǹ͢ǿ󣬵ȫ½Ϣȴɱ֯Ȳϣɱ֯ѼйϡƷ˵꣬бԳһЩᣬһֵ˹ȥ
ά˿üͷһ壬ǿ֮ɨ˼ǾݣΪ𾪣û뵽Щħ˾Ȼ
ǵģܿϧǵأЩɥǣԴһ֮ҲѰѪħϢ˴۹ˣĻĺѪħֲ߻ڷ˴ĶңǱһ˿ӦޣѪħʹһЩرֶΡƷһɫ˵ԣԵĵ˲ңѪħ塣
ߣѪħ帴ΣΪЩħ𣿡ά˿һ
ټǺڰ͢أƷ絭˵
ά˿һɫһСӣʲô⣿
ϣƷʲô⡣Ʒ˵ǶйͬĵˣԵĻǿԴˡ
ߣƾһС͹͢ˣҲ̫߹Լ˰ɣά˿Ķ
ǲܣжԸѪħĿ˵֮ұҲӵȻǹ͢¾սĻҲ޷˵ƷһƽֵңѾҽΪֵܣĳ˵Ļ˵ʱŭҴĻǶǹ͢͸ˣ
Ʒ羹ȻݶˣΪľά˿ѹ
ά˿Щ֮һѹȷʵǸࡣʵ˵Ǻڰ͢һѪħ嶼ǺˣɱƷĻȷʵǲ̫ǡά˿ֿƷƣƷɳٶҲܿ죬˵ܿԺҪвԼ
ڣά˿ҲˣôҲû뵽Ѫħ徹Ȼˣڹ͢˵һв
ģһƻά˿һ޲̾ͰƷƤ
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Ʒ籾ܴ֮͵ֵסά˿ѹܲѣоӶ챻˺ѿһ㡣
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ά˿һһֽ˻ˣ
ƷһЦǺǣѡǶԵġ
Ҫ˿ԣиά˿˵
˵˵Ʒص֪ά˿϶ûôˡ
Ҫϵȡά˿䶢Ʒϵ𽣡
ԲУֽҾԲܣƷһӦѾµĽ飬ھԼһƷԲΪΪ˱ȫԼԼˡ
ά˿ɫһСӣΪвǹ͢ȥΪ۹ܶض˹ǼһҲǶ֮ǣټѪħ屣ҲáǺǣɼ򵥣ǱƼ˱ɽֻϧ۹Ƕô½УһҲӦúɣ
ߣĻԺú˽ĻûƷֽ𽣣롣ڸղŰԼʱƷѷľԲ𽣡
Ҳ̫֪ߵغˣά˿ɫͻȻһ䣬һץһɾѹֱӱƷӡ
Ʒɫʹ࣬Ҳֲſе𽣡
ʿɶֹˣά˿һһʹӲĽƷе𽣸˹ȥһС
ңƷ籬һ˫۷Ѫ˿
ɱѾǹˣ񽣵Ļɱʱ㱣ܣԺĺǻǳɹġά˿һ⣬ֱӽ𽣸
ɣƷŭѣǱѹ޷ȻƷƴά˿ƷΪ˶ҲǺ˼ɵĳȥ
ޣˣһ±ˡά˿ɫͻȻüΪݣڹ۹µУҽ͢ˣͷĻҲе˵ȥ
㣡Ʒһ㾪Ŀά˿˵ЩʱͻȻһǿҵİ׹⳯Լֱ˹
䣡
һ죬ռܲסֱӱ˺ѿӴľ˺Ϯ֮СƷֱӱǰ׹УӶѿһ㣬дѪƷԺʶҲǱԽԽģ
һ£ҹ֮ϣͽȻֳһҫ۵İâ
ǰâ֮УһɿµϢ
ͻȻǰâ֮£һϤӰٵĴӸ߿н
˿Ӱʱ򣬽Ȼɫ䡣
ûƷ硣


744 Խ
׹䣬ϵ׹䣬Ʒʶģ壬֪ǻ
Ʒ磡
ѩ˿ʹһ㳯Ʒ׹ķֱ˹ȥ
˿ѩһɳȥ
ָ֪߶׹Ʒǿ壬ͺñһʯ䣬ѩ˿ܽӵסƷ硣
һ£ѩ۱ȳ嵽ѩ˿ǰݿնȥȵĽסƷ磬֮ء
˿̵ƷѪܣò޸˶ϱۣ⵽ػΪĲֹۡ
ѩ˿ֱ˹ѩȴǵסѩ˿˿
ѩ˿һ㶣Ҳһ֮ɫ
ѩɫ鶯૵˵Ʒֵܵ״ǳ㣬ڵĹѾȫˣҲڼʧ˭Ҳȥ
ʲô
ѩ˵Ļһ֮ɫѩ˿˶ѾȫĴ
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˰ĺߵƷܵ˺һ̿ʼ˶Ѿ˹͢Щ۶еĳҲӴ˺˹͢
Ϊʲô
ΪѽƷ統۹ػ֮˺ǵ񣬾͵˺ǡ
ά˿ŲȥЩȻƷ˵ά˿ͬģѵдνѵƷĻᣬά˿Ҳ׵ķŹƷ硣
ά˿Ļ˻õսƷЦһǺǣƷ磬ܻܲȥĻǾҪ컯ˣ񽣣ʱͽɱӹˡ
˵꣬ά˿׹⣬תʧҹ֮С
ʵά˿Ųںڰ͢Ѫħ壬ֻҪȡƷе񽣣񽣵ܲ͸Ļά˿㲻η½еЩǿвˡ
ƷشʹвѾд뽨Ϊ˷棬Ա㽫Ʒͻڼ徲
۹һεʧҲʵ̫ˣʿҲʧ˴룬ʮ򾫱Ҳȥ򣬾ʹλʥҲֻʣ»ˡ
ʹУ˿ʼս棬ǻʹؽҲҪһʱ䡣
ȻƷΪҪģѩʹؽ֮⣬ʥǿ߰ŵеӶرڼ壬ֻǽΪ˱ƷİΣ
ϾڵƷʵ̫ˣƵǻ֮䣬һ˶ɱƷ硣
ԣƷڵסԺ֮Уܶǿפأ˭̤Ʒ벽
ܿ죬ȥա
յʱʹѾʼؽˣΪ˱ʹеİȫѩҲرǳǲһЩǿ߾ء
Ʒ۹ϢҲ۹ҲӴϴƷƷ۹˵Уػһ𾴡
ȻΪ˼ٹ͢ͽر˴˽̻ά˿˺ƷϢЧܲ۹ά˿еΪķŭϢѾ뵽ļ˹͢ͽ
ֻϧǣƷ絽ڶûѡڴϣһĳš
ԭѩ˿ҲһֱƷߣȻ˵Ʒǳ⣬ǴûзȻһϣ
ʱ䣬ϵĹȥ
һһ죬ʹؽѾ˳ĳɹϧƷ绹ûѡ
ÿһҲǺػƷߣֻеʹࡣ
ʵڳĻƷѾˡ
ΪƷڵѪҺѾֹͣҲֹͣҲֹͣˣоһһ㣬ΨһڵľһߺԤ׵ı֮塣
ʲôط𣿡
޾ʣǺڰ
Ʒ޾ĺڰ֮У翣оһһ㣬ûκεĹޡ
Ҳ֪Ʒжã֮ʱѾȥá
֮ǰƷ綼֪˶ֵķûгɹоԼѾȫ뿪ˣƷоĴڣҲоһС
ڵƷ磬һһ㣬ʼ޾ĺڰţѰϣյ㡣
ѰңϵѰҡ
ڣƷеƣˣ֮Ҳǿʼ𽥵ıʶҲʼʧˣҲζԽԽӽˡ
Ʒ磬㲻ҪǺ𣿡
Ʒ磬Ķ𣿡
ѣ
㲻ܷԲܷ

һһϤϵڰһϤֵƷʶС
ԣûΪҵˣҵİˣҵĻ飡ҵĺӣҾԲҾԲܹˣƷźţļ־
ΪϣĺģƷ֮忪ʼԽԽǿǿһ˼ĵز
ȻǺڰ֮Уҫһ׹⡣
ǰ׹⣬Ǵϣ
ǵţһģһģƷǿҵǰ׹֮С
׹⣬ĺܴۣƷҰƷļ䡣
͵һ£ƺδ֪ĿռǿƷ֮гһǿָоǱͽˮ֮Ҫ֮ʱǿгоĽ֮УƷıԵϳ˸ĤˡĽ档
ƺƷ֮źţˣ
ǵģ˵Ʒˣع֮С
ǣع鱾֮ʱƷȴǷԼ״˵⣬ûһõģڵʧȥ֪Ĵ޸ҲԶҪࡣ
ڣʱƷٽԼ޸ռ֮УֻԼˡ
ֵҵǣƷ֮ع֮УԭѾʧЧļٴ»ڵƿʼӿ޸
ۼϣˣƷΪľϲȻڵڿݽߣǱƷڵ֮ȻӴޱȵģÿԼ֮޸ڵơ
뵽ڴˣƷչǿ֮һ磬ȻŽ֮̽
Ȼûǿ֮֮̽£ƷȷʵҵԼڵ֮ϲǣܵ˳ص˺֮֮ȻǳģҲʧκһ֡
ˣοҪ㰡ƷпЦһǿ֮˷ܵĳ֮С
ʱƷ֮ӿ֮ʱ
͵ģǱص֮ڼеõ˴һ㣬һӴ˳̼ӿƷڸ
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ƷӱǿҵĽ⣬һϵǷӿϮܴ
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ѭǹϢȥ
һ
ƷڷԺ֮УһǿҵĽɫâ˲ƿϵɢţһɿµľѹƬ۶˵ͷ


745 ڰ˲

һһһƷڵķԺ⴦ͷǿµĽɫƿնȥ˲ӴϢֱƵ˴粽С
Ʒ磡
ѩ˿ưȴһ֮ƷڵķԺԶֱ˹ȴҲǱǽâѹס޷
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һӰ֣ԭλϣеһЩԱƷһ㣬׷׸ƷסԺΧ
ͬģӴѹ֮£˶һεľ룬޷ٵݽһ֡
ԭưһɫԭ
ԭһƽصƷϵϢǲصģƷѾˡ
ûǳǿƷͻ˰ɡͷһ𾪡
֪ԭƷƽ֮壬ֱ˿µϢͻƵļˣҲʵ̫ˣһ֮˻ܹͻơ
һ⻰˵ҲǷſˣԵüѡû뵽Ʒ粻ˣھֿͻˡ
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ǽâ֮£϶ڼ˶ǼΪǳĽɫ
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ڻʹ֮ѩɺΪ𾪣ȻǸӦǹɿµرǿǳеĽâ֮ʱǾѡ
£ѩɺ⣬ٵĳڼķȥ
󣬵ѩɺڼ壬ӽǽâĹԴ֮ǹҲԽӵĿ£ͬǱƵô粽С
֮ͬ䣬ңԶĹʥ֮С
ά˿ڱ֮ϣԭյ˫͵һ󾪣ôܣСӣ
ά˿룬˵ƷԹ͢ôѵõ񽣣ά˿ǰȥ۹뷨
ߣԺҲӲ˱ģά˿һ־ı˫ۡ
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ڼУҲһǵƷڵķԺ
棬ǿ֮£ϵĲţµѹϵĺɨĴʵֱӱѹȥܲѡ
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Ϊɱ֮ʵ̫ǿˣ֮У޸ĹҲҪȥܼʹ࣬־ĻǿҪʹ
־ƷѾ˲٣ıԵҲǻΣƷλȥʹࡣ
סһҪסƷ簵ţǿ֮֮ʼ޸ʼ
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֮ϵ֮Ϊǿģǹ֮֮£ԴԴϵ֮Сָоͬ˺ҧԼһ㣬ʹ಻ѡ

Ʒʹ˻һھҵĳ鴤ţǲĽɫ⣬ֱȥ¶һǽɫ塣
ʱƣƷҲÿһ̶ǿʹҲǿʼڼë׿ţȫͻȻ̹ѣԡĸоƷǿȥ֮ٴӿ֮С
ҲеλҲΪӲĵط
Ȼ䣬Ӵ֮糱ˮһӿ˹֮У嫵Ľɫ˲Ʒ֮ڵٵǿŹǿȡ
㣬ǽɫƷȫѭʮ죬ԭǵɫĹٴαȾɫһ㣬ȫΪ˽ɫֱһӹǼһ㡣
֮Ʒ֮ǿһ˼ĵزͻʥķ룬ﵽ˰ǿߵǿȡ
ڣƷţͨʥǿߣƾһǿ壬Ҳܵסǿߵһ
Ʒǿų֮ǿ壬ҲԶԶȲƷһ̬
ǿ֮󣬲ζžʹ˽ˡ
ҲؼĲ֣ǱǾǿ
мΪһ֣Ҳ֮ԽǿԽҲԽǿҲԽԽࡣھһн飬ɽתΪ
ͻȻƷڵһϥƽϥϢ˷·翣˸Ľâʱʱ֡
漴Ʒ㿪ʼ֮ʱойůĹȫȪĽɫ˸֮С
ǾǸɿݵĺӹһ㣬ǽɫӿ֮ʱ㿪ʼ̰ǽɫеԿԸоĵԻǿоޱȡ
ŽĲӿ룬ͻȻըըһ㣬ԭϪˮĽ͵ıͲϵĺǿгǴľʼǿƷڵľ
͵ģƷԸоӶ챬ѿһ㣬ʹǿ籩ĺϮƷľÿһȥĵطͬڳŽʹ࣬һһʹϵĳƷ񾭣ȫˮֱǺ죬ͷϸðŰ̡
ڣƷ׵ʲôʹֱûʲô
Ȼĳ֣Ʒ絹뵽һ㣬ǾǰʱƷͻڰ˲ʱŻֵָо
Ҳ˵Ʒڰ˲ľ
뵽ڴˣƷƺʹһ㣬ޱȵ˷ܡǰ֮УԼվ۷壬ڰ˲֮Ʒ
ǾøһЩɣƷЦһܵļʹ࣬ٶ֮͵ӿ˾֮С
ʹ໹̫ʹ࣬Բǳܡ
ƷվͲסʹ˻һȴҧĳ鴤ȫƺڳǧаʹ࣬ھΣʹת
ǣƷôʹҲҪȥ;ϣǰϣ߲ľһҪܼˡ
ȻܹŹĻƷ罫õߵ򣬿ڰ˲֮
뵽ڴˣƷǿʹ࣬˫Ŀ죬˱þĹһ㣬ڵĽɫƷӡ
ƷҧأƾǿӲ־֮ӿ룬ľҲڷ֮õǿ֮ƷڵľҲǲϵţǿš
ˣͿˣ
ƷԵԽԽܵʹ


746 ʵ
ţǿѭϣƷϵľԽԽǿ
žǿƷܵʹҲǱԽԽ
û뵽ǣ֮ʵ̫ǿˣƷô֮оǾţһëһ㡣
ڣѵü֮Ʒɲʹ˷Źλᣬˮ㱬Ľɫӿ뾭֮С
Ʒľ֮Ҳǿ࣬յٶҲԽԽ죬ÿһ֮䣬Ʒڵڲϵǿš
ˣ̰ĵġ
ǣ̰ĵʱҲҪ۵ġ
ǽɫգƷͻȻоƺǿƲסǽɫֹסӿ뾭֮Уյĳ̶ѾҪܲסˡ
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ϧ֮ʵ̫ӴˣƷﵽλ֮Ʒ綼ȫ赲ˣѹ˻
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ڣòЩ֮ǿ֮Ҳ׼Ҫڰ˲֮ΪԼֽ̰ԼĲ˾
ȻƷҲʹ˷Ҳûй
͵ģƷ֮ϵȥӿ֮һάžա
䣡䣡
һεıը֮죬ϵƷľб

Ʒʹ˻ʹȥĥһѰѼ⵶̴Լÿһ塣
ڣǾҲ֮ܲĳѾʼƿЩѺۡ
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ǾǣǾƵĻƷͻȫȫΪһˡ

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һ죬͵һһɾ˵ıը

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һ죬Ժը˿˲ըһޱȵľ޶ƬֲǺХĺɨܡ
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˴һѣƷǿı״̬Ҳ˵ƷѾûˣʵǿˣƾǹɾ˵ƾڳλǿߡ
ʱƷǿ֮Уƺڳżʹһ㡣
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ճҺƷڵʣԵԽӵǰһ㣬𵭵ĹһŮӶΪ֮Ľļ塣
ʹ࣬ʧˣƷסһޱ̹ĸоƷ̲ס쳤Х
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ѩ˿֮һ̵ģһ˫峺ȴһֱûƷתƿ


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Ʒ΢΢˫ۣ㿴һ˫˫ϤǵǵĽԼ

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Ʒѩ˿˵⻰ʱȴһû뵽ѩ˿ҲһĻ

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ҹ֮ʱƷָŮӷ߳ȥʱЩڷԺ˽Ȼһ׷׶֡

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˹۵ɵúܴ󣬽Ʒе߿ŶԪǶԪȷʵġö˳ԾǣƷһת־Ȼó߿ŶԪҲʵ̫ˡ
ֻ𣿡ʣǲȥǰ
ǺǣֻţѾ߱ƶԪҪжپж١ƷЦһЦֻôˣƷҲ˽ĵģʱ뽫ռ֪ǡ
ֻƷ˵ЩѻʱǸΪĳԾǵУѾԶԶ޷ùȥƷˡ
Ԫǧǰǿʦ죬ҲͽšƷ羹ȻƳ˶ԪһӾ߿ţ˵Ʒȴ˵еλʦҪӵǿ
Ͼ⶷Ԫʵ̫ˣҪĲϣƵʱΪĸƣɹļҲǳͣȻҲֻˡ
ǺǣλϣÿһλҳϵԱõһŶԪĻǲǿл֮λƷЦǺǵʵ
ȻԡɫĵͷÿλԱܵõԪĻټƷϵǿ󹦷ڼʵԻпԽԵ
İɣڼѪҾԻȥڼ塣Ʒ˵һļᶨ
ãڼĽϲɫЦһʣˣ⶷Ԫʲôʱƺã
һ죡Ʒص
һ죿Ĺ𣿡㵵ʵ
û⣬ֻҪ鷳λϰǵҺ÷䶷ԪƷһ˵
õģǻᾡЦ
ͷƷԭ˵ף֪⣿
ԭƷ磬ʵҲȥƷɣ̾һǾͰ˵ȥɣǻᾡѡµļ
ллסƷ繪Ӧ
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õġƷͷص
ʱҲˣȥúϢɡ
Ҳǡ
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Ʒ뿪֮ԭ˽ҡͷ̾ϢǵȻϣƷܵμ֮λѾȥƷˡ


750 
峿Ʒԭǰȥʹѩ˿Ļ뿨ദãԲûػʹеĴ㣬ʱڼ塣
ƷѵϢ֮ʱѴ˻ʹԴ峿ʱ򣬻ʹɺųر͡
Ʒ۹ΣǳΪ۹Ĥݵػ֮Ƭ۶һƬ֮
ãƷԭʹеʱȴͻȻüΪĳء
Ȼ˵ʹѾؽϣջԻͣԻ͵ıȴһŨصѹ֮ӢµսʿˣʹжƺԵġ
ϾһλʹеʧأѪҲֻʣ޼սĲ̫ͨЩ빬Ů඼ѾˣڻʹĶİס
ʹʱһϵĵʿפءɺƷǰ֮ʱȻЦݣԵüΪĵƷ˽̸ţȴ޹⣬ΪսѾԽУڵɺѾ㲻ʲôʿˡ
ȻԭƷжǳףٴ̤ʹеʱ˵鶼ԵüΪĳء
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ˡԭֻһ
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Ʒ֮ʱһ˫˫ӱƷ硣
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һ
̣λòĹŮ̧һɫΰڷŵ˾еĶǰ
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еЩһѩ۸ƷǴҲǴΪ𾪣Ҳû˭ֳֻܼĬϸϸĴƷ硣
ۣ򲻿ɣǶֻĳӣֻڴͬأԭæ
۵ˣӹȷʵûгͬ˵ۼ£ˡ޷ܴ۵Ķ͡Ʒ繰ֶκε
ܵܵãûƷֵܵĻ۹ѾС˵ˣԴǵܵã벻Ҫپܾ⡣ѩЦǺǵ˵
ɡԭһΪ֮ɫ
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ǿɾлˡԭһƷҲΣȥ
ѩΪ⣬ĿͰƷ磬ֵܰЦʵǺǣƷֵܣˣ
ɴ۹ģƷѾûˡƷ΢΢һЦֵˣۣ˿ʱڼ壬Ҹߴۡ
⵱Ȼû⣬ڼҲ˿ĸѩЦĵ˵ͷֵƷֵܣ㿴˿ĻѾ˺ܾˣ翴ʲôʱǿԽ°ˣ
ƷλԺգʵǿӵһɿµѩ۵Ȼϣڼ飬޺ġ
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˺ӣ
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ֻǣƷݵλѾͬգȻѩ۵ɫ÷ǳѿһʱȴ֪ȥƷ硣ϾƷǲģѩѩ˿֪ġû뵽ѩ˿ȴãȴǻıѣֱǸҺݺݵһ⡣
ǣƷ˵ֲ޵ʱͨ˵ԼѾȡˣѩҲǺܾᡣ
ԭһԣάֳĬ
Ʒ絹ȷʵѩ˿
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ѩ۳˼˻ʵҲǲѡ񣬱ϾƷһǳرˣ檵ĻҲǺģԣ˿һҪΪҷˣ
û⣬һʼҾ˿ȶ»ԼġƷصﵹû֣֮ԺȢ¶ŮƷԶƽȵȥѩ˿ǡ
ߣСӣɱˡѩһЩεһƷ磬ʣҲиҪϣǿԿ飬Ҳ˽᱾һֱԸ
£͸µʱ䣬ҾԻľٰһ¡صĻ񣡡ƷصΪǱ߻Ҫȥ˵
£ʱǲе㳤ˣѩüͷһ塣
ۣһЩʱ䣬ĻһҪȥҿԳŵ֮󣬱ضӭȢ˿Ʒһᶨɫ
ԴӦ㣬иǰϣ˿Ը㡣ѩ˵Ͼѩ˿Ʒദʱ䲻࣬Ϊ˽ĸദѩϣԳʱԼŮƷ׽׽
ðɣҲд⣬ǾлˡƷм
ʲôʱ뿪ѩʵ
֮ɣǱȥһˡƷ˵Ͼʹз˴ĶңǱ߾Ȼ޶ȥ忴
Ҳáѩ۵˵ͷ̾һϣûػ۹
İɣұһˣһһĴ𸴡Ʒ絭ĻصжҲЩģǵʱܹʱֵĻʹоͲᷢ飬ԼĴҲ˵ء
ǿ鷳ˡѩ΢΢ͷֵˣһҪ飬Ҳǹġ
˵Ʒ缴
ţѩۻ˴еһۣϳ˵ڴˣرһҪϢƷ۹ܵΣļЧش˲ƷΪ۹ʦͨȫ
ʦ
һԭҲľɫ
ʦǿʷǧûгֹˡ
νʦͬھǵػһ㣬ҪӵоԵʵһҪԵĹס⻤ʦĵλӵϵȨһ°ճ֮λ
ۣ⡭Ʒ²ܵΡƷֵ̿Ȼ֪ʦְ֮Ȩж
˵֮پܾˡİɣΪʦ֮ӵоԵɣֻԺѣܹ־Ԯɡѩ΢΢һЦֱ˵Ϊ£һǿĺܶѡ
ףҡƷͷԭƺԼĸѰ
ǺǣƷ磬۾Ȼ㣬ɲôʧˡԭ΢΢һЦƷΪ۹ʦĻǶڼȻҲмôġ
ǺðɡƷֻôӦˡ
Ժ۹Ļʦˣһ۹ʧġѩЦһԵüΪĿġ
лл̧ˡƷ繧һ
ӽտʼƷΪ۹ĻʦҲǧĵһλʦΪϢܿ㽫ᴫ۹


751 ̾
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ƷǲϰյģտԼΪǣƷֻεڲμ˴˴εᡣ
֮УһЩȨλˣڼƷ£ŹϵǰǾƷһõķ˶ѣû뵽Ϊ۹ĵһʦҲǶ̶̼תѡ
ȻЩαˣ벻ۣƷ˶ѩۻо֮⣬ƷֻǵĻһЦ
˵һεƷ˵ֱǼ尾ΪЩνĳ˵ƷֻЩαС˶ѣЩ˴һƷ͸оȫڡ
֮ԭΪڻʹнõҲϰֳ棬ԱЩҲ˵Цġ
ڣ˺óʱ䣬쵽ҹ֮ʱǽˡʱƷоһսҪƣۡ
˺ԭƷлѩ۵Ŀڼ塣
صڼʱ򣬲֪ѩ˿뿨ѾȴˣָоƷ÷ǳҸͬʱҲƷһ㣬ԺԲ뿪̫á
ΪҹƷ֮ҵѩ˿뿨ȣر˵֮뿪۶飬ѩ˿֮ҲǼΪļΪҲѩ˿һγԶУֻԼ֮ˡ
Ʒر˿ǵ飬֪ڵ۶֮УֻǾڼ壬ҲǰԼݣǲפڼ塣
ƷϢ֮󣬱㵱˹ȥǰڼ塣ͬʱƷҲرܲϢֳһİԱǲҲΪ֮Զмƻ
ȽЩ֮ƷҲھŶŮϢҿȿ˻ƷԻطˡ
صУƷʼޡ
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Ϊ˷ֹʱĹţƷر𸮵ʱռ֮Уųõһϵʱ䣬Ʒʱռˡ
ƷϥϢʼڵϢ
˵Դӽ֮ϢҲԽԽˣ̶̵ʱ֮ڣƷϢʮ죬ڵ־˲١
Ϊʱ㹻ƷȫķУһߵ֮һڻÿһı任Ʒڵᾫһ֡
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Ҳɻ󣬴ﵽ˰֮ƷΪλﲻأ
򵥵˵񼶵ľʵ̫Զˡ˵ħһʮħʮħٱǴﵽ˰֮ٱҲδ񾳣Ҳ˵񼶵ʵжֲˡ
ƷҲûһֱڿħȿȵ֮ƷǰȥĦ˹˵ĵطֻҪʹƷ̤񾳣ʱҲͲ͢вˡ
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ԣƷŻἫȥԼʵҲֻΪ˱Լе밮˶ѡ
ģƷһչڶֵƣڵʼٵתƷϷǿҵĲʹ⡣ٽڵħںϣƷɲڵħڴΧʱħǺֲܿġ
ңħñͺܴ󣬾Ʒڵħ֮ʱƷڵᾫһ֣ȻھŲ֮֮ԶƷÿһ̶ڽӽš
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ƷɫͻȻһһЦǺǣǸȥһˡ
۹֮£δ٣ƷжҲԹģЩŭȴʱƷѾЭ飬ǰΪֵܣæĻƷҪ׼Ͼϵˡ
ƷӵһİǣڵȥˣֻԼʵǿǸ
һ£Ʒʧ˷֮С
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Ʒ絹ϣ巢Щ⣬ȻĻ´˴һƷҪһҪ˵ˡ
ԣһǰȥ壬Ϊ˲ѩ˿ǵģƷ粢ûи˵ֻһ͵͵뿪ˡ

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û𽣡
ڵԵð޹⣬еѾ˳ߣ˵ڵҲֻһǲİѡ
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ʵά˿޷ҲǺģ𽣿ɲһֻͨҪ߲ȥĻͻԶߡ
ά˿Ҳȥ𽣣Ϊά˿𽣵͡
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ͻȻʱ򣬵⴫˹Ħ
ά˿һ㶣̱𽣣ȥϵڱ֮УһֳǵŻֶȥһεľĽǵŸƿ
󣬹ĦϹϾ˴
Ħһά˿㹪ԸϷѾˡ
˵ɡά˿΢΢ͷ
Ħ˴Ϸλǰȥ׵أȷʵǷѪħĲмҲȷʵǷһսۼֻѰ֮ãȴ޷ѪħټѾ뿪׵ء
˵ĻСӦþû˵ˣѪħǸˡά˿֮ɫѪħĻԹ͢вǷǳġ
Ѫħ帴յĻǹ͢żвĦص˵
⵹壬Ѫħشǻ㹻ʱ׼ά˿һͻȻʣˣأΣ
ǺǣĳɳٶȾˣڽȡ˼ЧĦЦǺǵĻصǼΪ뿴صġ
缫򵥣úԺǹ͢Ҳмôά˿˵
ǵģϷ򶨵ȥָϰĦֵûµĻϷˡ
ȥɡά˿ĻһƺԵЩƣһ㣬ı˫ۡ
Ħٴһ񣬱㹪˳˴


752 ŭ
峿Ʒı뿪˵۶ǰʥصķ
ڣƷѾйʥصľ飬һӱˮԴľͷҵ˽ʥصڡ
Ȼû֮ǰƷ绹ǻŶε飬Կȥ쿴һڻֻϧڻû⵽κεƻҲ˵ʥӦûʲôر⡣
ƷɫԽӵĳ䣬ѭڻƷĴԽ˽ȥͬŶʥأڱǷٲԿǰһƬԴ硣
Ʒ翴һʱɲǵսʥ֮ʱ顣ǿԽӰݣƷԽӵķŭ
Ѳɣ˶۹ػ
ǳŭ飬ƷǷٲз£ƺÿһطΪһ㡣ЩΧĵһƷλİ֮ʱֻǾΧƷ˹
ãܺãƷͷǱ˪һ㣬ŭţ˺
𣡡
ֻͺһƺоƷɢųǿϢеη壬ˡȴûȫηȻİΧƷ粻ҳ֣ܱߵЩҲǿʼԽԽࡣ
ɣƷ˫ȭս
˵ʵڵģƷ絹ϣһЩ鷳˵Ʒȥ塣Ǳ֮ģ۹ѣйԼļ壬ڲûзκε⣬ȴûгֱ۹۹˲أԼ˶ڼ˵УƷеŭѡ
Ȼûй涨һҪ۹֮ǰƷЭ飬ȴûгְԼԼЩɥƷ߿ˡ
Ʒһˣ˶ãͻԱ˺á˶ãƷԲɫƭƷˣǾˣƷʲô¶ó
ԣƷѾʼΪ˽ƭԼ֮ƷоÿһطǼΪĵط
ۼΧĵԽԽ࣬ƷɫҲǱԽԽӳ䣬ŭڣݺݵ˵ߣʵ̫ˣݵҸеŻ
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ɣǾʹʹһɣƷЦһԵЩѾˣƷǵˡ
һ£ƷӾǹȵһ㣬ӰٵĴڵȺУһֻֻӲȭͷͣĺЩϡ
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ȣ
Ʒһץһֻβͣгȼ˹ŭ־ץǵľβӾһ㣬˫Ϊģٵתš
ڣٶʵ̫ˣѾһɿµľ磬ܱߵЩֻԭŭţұƽ
ǱƷץסβ͵ɾͱˣƷ˦ͷתѾȫʧȥԭеķУʹĺš

ƷͻȻһһֽǵܴЩȺ˦˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ǵݺݵЩȺУһڵһ㣬һɾޱƬĵǷʯɢƬľȻ
ƷǷŭսһ㣬һң
ƺЩƷĻҲƷʵ࣬ڸеˣ׷ˣʵĳƷͺţֱ˳Сһ㡣
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ƷչȥϿմϵӰ
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˵ƷֱڶơΪ֮ǰƷй飬֪ƷѾֵ֮Ȼ綼ˣ㲻ƷĶ֡
ƷֵܣǺ⣿ѾеŭʵڶƷѾûжøˡ
ûʲô˼ֻЩϣλԽ𡣡Ʒ侲ʵ
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Ʒ΢΢ͷޱʵ֮ǰкر𣿱˵û˴壿
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һֱоޡص
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Ʒ磡Щֵֹ⵽ʲô˼УҺúýƻʥǺ⣿ѵ׼Ҫ𣿡ʵ
ˣԭĿЦҳϹۣȻЩ˽壡ƷǷĴЦһ
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飡飡
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𣡡
ʹһԺоҵ𵴣ֱӵ˳֮ԶǷɵ׹ڵأʱһƬǽ塣
Ʒһȥǣŭıȵķȥ
ţ޾þòżѵӣŭִޱȵ𾪣ΪǶоƷʵ֮ǰʱҪӵĿ¡
ۼƷȵķȥҲɣŭޱȵ׷ȥ


753 ᣿
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ͻȻʱһɿֱֲ˽
һһȻٴһ㣬׷׵ľ
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һװлƷ֣һŭݡ
ЩǻΪǵ˴룬һƷʱ򣬽Ȼ󾪣ղƷһĽкȣǷŭѣ½пû˭ôֱ
𣡡
һŭ֮ͷŭƷ硣
ڣƷѾĹˣƷ˾Ѿ塣
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755 ǿɱ˵
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һƷӶŵȥȵĸףҲӶŵĴųƷӶŵʵȼԴﵽSӶŵĻ߻ӶţϾӶŵʵ
֮󣬱ӶͼװˣϼһаˣֻҪһSӶűֱӽSӶˡ
ڲУƷԼˣʽ뿪˵۶Ϊ˰ȫƷѾصڼһˣҲƷĵ塣
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ڣӶ֮۶رԶƷֻһСʱʱ䣬ϵӶ֮ǡ
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ǺǣӶһ죬û̵Ǵ½оͲֹֻSӶˣϾвAӶӵǿʵӹɵġ˫ЦЦ
ʵ򵥵˵SӶŵƺ⣬ǵȻϣٳֵĸSӶţʱSӶ֮ƽơ
Ʒ˼˻˵ðɣлϻ᳤ˣӶŻȥԡ
ǺǣǿɾףǺˣϷ뿪ǴעӶŵ飬λɣϷдǡЦ
鷳ˡƷѺðһ
ˡЦһЦ뿪˹дҡ
Ʒ磬ΪʲôҪôӶŵĵȼأɻʵȻҲӶŵĵȼƷԵҲ̫ˡ
Ӷڴ½˵һǿԺǽŵλħвұü½еֻSӶŵĵȼʱ˵˵SӶŵˣ˵Լ½еӶԸЩħĻǿУ˵Ǵ洦ġƷһɫ˵
Ӷʵ̫ɢˣʱӶ˶Žˡͬ
˵˹΢΢ͷ
ֻ뵽³ӶҺ˷ܣʱͿȥսǰҪȥսӶˡĦ˹˷ܴЦ
ɲУ½֮УʵǿӶšƷѵ
ףһȫԸģĦ˹սⰻȻĻص
ǾͺáƷЦЦӶͼⷬɾƷﻹοģȻӶŵʵ
󲻾ãЦǺǵĻصƷڵĹдңӶҲʽΪӶţӶҲ»ˡ
ȻӶÿһӶŵע϶ȫܵġ
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757 SӶ
СӶž𣿡
ǰӶʵۺԱӶ֮ʮĵطһС򣬾SӶҲһġ
ʵھһСׯӶŻὫԼ˰ס˸ִ񣬵Ҳʳǡ
𸮵ƶռ֮УƷڿǽ̸šԴӶ֮ƷǱӶŵ֮ء
Ʒ磬ҪôȥҸ𣿡ʵ뿪С꣬һʱͻȻҪԼĸףٻЩ塣
ǺǣʲôԵģһ㸸֪ǻȥһܿĵġƷ΢΢һЦ
ߣҿɲģرҪСӡĦ˹һߵ˵
İɣλȥҲֻѣʱӶŻǺܰȫģҲԷȥӵSˡƷЦ
Ҫǰæ𣿡ɭ޹վǰ
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ģǾҲܵκһֵ˺ɫᶨ˵
ǾͺáƷ΢΢ͷѵҪסǣǿɶӶŵˣǵýų𣿡
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ˣ쵽ˡƷͻȻʮľ룬ƶռٶȣʮӾͿɵ
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ȵһ˵ʵڵģ˵ǿȣǿĦ˹ҲеЩĺ£ñ꣬صҪĵطҲЩڡ
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ǺǣӶŵĴ֮𣿡ƷһЦɫҲˣѹֿȻ뿪ӶˣЩ̬ȾͶӶŵӡĽ͡
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һ㶣ϸĴǰѾ˲ٵĿǣΪľɫ˹ôǣ
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ϾǿSӶûһʵ츳ǿҪƲģĦ˹ȥ׿ˣǾһˣǲŻߵһ𣬳ΪѣҲӵŹͬԸ˲뿪Ӷš
ǿǣǶסˣΪ㵵ǣǴʦʵȻ͸ǵʵ
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ߣ˵ѾӶţӶţѵǻ𣿡ߵƺΪǵʵ֮ǴΪĶʼɡ
УҲǻֻǸǵųݷöѣѲΪط𣿡֮Աǣǰ˵Ļһ˵ÿǸеΪʹ졣
ųʲôŭһǲмһƷ硣
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ƷһֵסŭеİǣɫĽ򣬵˵ҿԲС˼ƽϣҿԺǣ
ˣӶŵĵ̣Ц
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͵⻰ˣĦ˹˷ܴЦ
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Ħ˹ȴǴΪ˷ܣָоǴûйġ
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һȭһȭĻЩϽ⵽˿ǵȭʹѣȴһ㷴ضûУȫǱŰ
ˬʹ죡Ħ˹￺ܴЦһȭһλϺݺݵĴȥ

ʹһнѪҺء
ת֮䣬ЩѾĦ˹צǱأʹ
˭뵽ӶﱻƲˣʵ֮ǿ
ȻǰֳĶѾӶţĸѾʼ
̼䣬˲ӿλ֣ɼӶŵʵ˵ۺ
ȻЩˣƷǺ޾ɫ
һӣӶŵλֱΧסƷǣڵʹеЩЩֵɫ÷ǳѿ


758 ֽѵ
һӣӶžӿλ֣ǽʦ֡
û뵽ӶȻ˸ơ
Ħ˹ȻԼԼǰ֤ԼʵִеһģӶλֵʱüĸо
ʲôˣȻӶŵĵϷһλϷŭȳʵѾﵽ˽ʼ
޺壬֪ǵ𣿡ﳯλϷЦ
㣿޺һ㶣ϸĴſＸۣȻ㵵˵㡭ǿ㣬Ħ˹
û޺ļԻͦġﳰЦ
޺һһۿĦ˹ֲɻһƷЩɫƵһȺˣ޺һ࣬ŭߣ綼˵ѾӶţû뵽ھǹӶҿǲҪˣ
Ҳ̫Ц˰ɣĦ˹Цһɫ˵СûаǵӶŵˣУһλҲҪӶŵ鷳Ҫų
ߣ˵ãǵ׽СˣųѾŭˣųӣƾ˷ָľٶӶ˶Ź㣡޺նݺݵĽе
ǺǣŹңʲôʱŹˣĻֱǰҹڼһÿһ˶Į飡ҸΪӶŸ˶٣Ϊû츳ңٰңһ֤ԼҲκ˲ĻԹһʹʹķй˳
޺˵Щ࣬ŭ˵ȷʵûȼɭϵӶǻûۿǡ
ƷһλԹһ㣬ĿһĻΪڿǵ˽£ҲǽϰҪġ
û˵˰ɣû뵽Ҳʱ򣡸е𣿡Ħ˹ＥЦ
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˵ǽѵû뵽޺ճ־˵Ȼȫ֣׼Ҫ˿ǵ
Ħ˹Ȼ壬ӭ˸ҫ۵ĺ⣬ӭ޺ǿһֱƴ˹ȥ

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ߣʵǲҵҪǻʲô汾£޺ɫһӽֳŶ˳˹ȥ
Ħ˹أ˵͸ղ޺Ӳ֮ʱѾ˲ٵĶ޺ٴȫԶԸˡ
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û뵽һ޺ճ˵ۼҪƽ˽֮ʱͻȻһƵ˵ЦǲˣٶϵĻɾ㣡飡ųһԭҵģ
ݵһ
޺վһ˵֮նȥû뵽ǶԿºˡ˵׿ҲӶŵˣҿﻹųӣ޺յֶλ治һĺݡ
ϾǵʵɳٶѾвԼΪ޺տǲ㺦˿ҲǿＫΪʹ޺յԭ֮һˡ
һĦ˹Ƕ㲻ˡ
ǣΣǻûԳκεη壬ΪǶﲢû˵õǣųҲܡ
޺յһܿ죬ҲΪҪɥ޺յһˡ
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һ£û˭ܿô£һȰӰ˲䵲޺յǰ
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˱ɫĿ޺ǸƷĽȻƷ۶ˡ
޺վȫһԶֵʱе˵Ŀ־塣
ľˣطˣҹƷһһ𼸷һεľѹ޺ա

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˾һƬĬ־岻ѣΪǰλİʵʵ̫ˣλʥǿˡ
ƷȺֵϣǰǽѵЩ˵ĻƷԽȥء
ȻʱϿ֮һǿϢ
ߺˣڴҰһװϿ֮һλնҲƷӶ֮йӡӶŵĸų
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֪ˣղųһЩ飬ˣλǸ˵ЩǰЩ˵ԱǷŭѣƷ˵ҲûҪ˵ʲôˣɣ
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һ죬涼ҡһһǿƷӿ쫷磬ʵֱӱ쫷˳ȥ޺ոǱľڵϷţմһĻʱ
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Ʒһվţƽ
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̼䣬ȫϢɳӹƷ޵սһİӰ


759 ų
ûһƷǰӶţҪҲΪ˿ȵ飬ҲͬʱΪҪӶŵ˽á
ǣⲢζƷԼܵ裬ҪһӴSӶţƷҲҪ￨Ǹ
Ʒ磬ԲԼԼߵ˳ԿǳԿˣƷҲӱȥֻ
𾪲ѣǰλʵʵ̫ˣųҲ޷׵ĻԼֻ˵λʵԶų֮ϣǿɵжֲʵ
ģȻôһɫأֻƷʱƺЩϤһʱ˵ָо
ųþòһϤ𣬿Ħ˹ͬʱƷվ˳
ǡĵɴ˫ۣԾ˹Ȼǣ
ûǡﵭһЦ
һЦʲô˼ǻҵ𣿡
ᣬΪȶġҡͷ
ȣģԵЩ
ǺǣҲΪǵų޶⣬ӶˣٰѣвѲŻᡣƷ絭Ц
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ųˣǿɾʹˡƷ絹ҲǿĻһ
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漴ر㳯ſŭʵȻǣͽ𣿸ҹȥ
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ҸףֱҵȥúôţȻֻͷƷЦǺǣҶ££ɡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ沽ȥ
Ħ˹Ʒ󣬰ͦأھеءԼأڸоôĿǿΪʹһ̡
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֪ƷʵǿᣬԶųڲȥƷκһ̸֣֮ʱÿһԶǼΪСƷĲ
ǿߵĴֻҪʵ㹻ˣǱܵ˵𾴡
ʵ˵СﻹͦģЩӶǶԼԲϾSӶŵʵ֮ܵõһӶ㹻˷ʳˡ
˵СǷǳеģʵҲǷǳǿģһ㲻׵ȥSӶŵˡ
СѾйˣǿųƷһ˼ΪʱǶƷݶеǳĺ档
Ħ˹ϤСϾСҲ˶꣬ٴ٣ҲЩд
ʵǻСʱ򣬿ǶǺϲġ
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ȻǵݽϵͣҲûʸʣһ֮󣬱нԺŸˡ
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лˡƷ絭ĵ˵ͷʹǿӶŵϣƷҲʱ¶ϵİ
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ᲮĦ˹﹧һټӶҲֻᲮĿˡ
Ʒ簵ǰҲλߵᲮǰ֪ᲮʵƷԺĸоᲮȻӵʥڼʵλųʵҪǿࡣ
ᲮӶߣͳӶŵ񣬵λߣӶû˭ҶᲮֻ֪Ӷֻλʥǿѣȴ֪ӶﾹȻ˿µ
ʱᲮĿѾȫ۵ƷϣƷʱʹΪͣԶƷӡҲǳƷʵ˿¡
ǺǣСѣ벻ּˡᲮЦĳƷ˵
ƷߵĻֻҪǵ˵ĻƷ绹ǻϵġ
λɣﲻ㽻̸ֻطޣԡᲮһǸ⡣
Ǻǣ⡣Ʒ΢΢һЦԼ뿨֮⣬˶ϾǹӶŵڲ˽¡
ţƷ뿨˱һͬᲮӶŵĻ֮С
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ʱƷʱһ۱㿴λŵһλӡ
ӣһͷɫĳĿǣһݣɢһΪλӵеİ
λӣӶŵĴųҲǿȵ


760 Ů
ɫϣĿƷ磬һǿơ
Ʒ޾ɫȿҪǿĶֶοǿ
ʵҲǿģѾ߱ʥ۷弶ʵϧƷѾͻƵ˰֮ʥ۷弶ǿƷҲϣξԣ
Ħ˹ڼʱӲһĪĸо˲
常
šų
Ħ˹һµĺһ㣬ͷ
ˣ¶һ˿ɫ˵˹ҺܸܹǻҲοǵĳɳǳ˲ٵĿɣ
һ˹غ˵Ӳһ˫ͻȻЩˣЩȷʵǳ˲ٵĿ࣬ûƷĻѾȥˣʵ̫նˡ
Ǻǣʵ뿪֮ҶѾ˱ǣȻǿɾġɬһЦֵʧȥǵӰʱĺõǣѾĴѰˣӶ䷢AѰ񣬿ϧҲǣһΪǶء
常ǡһʱԣŲԼ׸ȴǸһĹԼͻȻеΡ
ǺǣҲûйǣ˵ĳɾͣѾˡ΢΢һЦ
ɡ׿ֵѾɫʹ࣬һʱ䲻֪˵ȥ
޳Ҳ׿˰ɡҲЩʹϧ̾Ϣһ
常ܹ֮ﵽ˳ɾͣ԰ȻΪǵųڰǡ˵һ߸мһƷ硣
΢΢ͷƷ磬𾪵ǿ͸ƷʵĶҲ֪ȻһӾͰǰλĮ
ɣƷ첽ǰ
Ħ˹ȴһʱĬֻĿѾεķƷ뿨ϡ
ᲮľƷʵĬĬ˵һߣĿⲻˡ
һλѾõӶŴųһλǴ½½ľţλλ֮Ķ
Ʒޱ飬ſƽ
ʵ뿨ǵ̸֮ʱƷԿ˺øУӿղŵغ֮УǷĵĹģԲġ
ͻȻɫһʵǺôĵӣȻҴӶŵĵ˵ô㣡
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ǺǣųҪôأƷհЦ޾ɫ
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ȻƷš˿һĽӵ֫תš720ȣոյĹ֮죬һɾ͵Ļӵ֫

ӲУȫΪʹĥ
ת֮䣬Ʒһһ˵ǰڵĶϵƶϣ֫飬ڳżʹԵΪ˷ˡ
Ʒӵͷӵǰ˵ʵ̫ˣһ㸶еĴۣ
ȥͷӱһĳƷǰһ
Ʒһֿסͷӵ˲ȥеĳһƷݺݵĽͷӵͷ˳
ȻƷ罫ͷӵֽͽŽͨͨϣȻһƺݺݵİͷӵؿ֮УһζǿͷӵڣݻڵĶȫȫΪ˷ˡ
ʼգƷ綼ûɱǣȴǱɱǻҪӵĲ̡
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768 ԭĹ
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ģûˣƷݺݵսȭͷ
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˵꣬Ʒ㳯ЩߵĴߵĽλҪЩҪǶѾûκ˺֮ˣ
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лл硣ﱴȻʹ࣬ƷӦԼմˮϻ¶һ˿Цݡ
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ƷһȥĵطҲǺڰ۹Ĺ档ǵطȽΣգڴ½ʮ֮һ

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ֵԭСƺƵӿһȺӶ׺ħޣƲֻЩӶƺЩԭСеˡ
ǣƺЩӶų⣬ܻӭ
ԭǶӶŵˡ
ʱɫ׵оӢԭС
ӶţʥǿսΪֵܣΪ󣬵ʵ൱߱ʥڼʵ˳ɷȽϸֵǣͷϾǺëҲͷƿͼԵüΪĹ졣
ӶţΪҲ˵˲඼ѱ޵ǳеʱ򶼻ħй
֣սֵܣӭλλĵһЦС
һλͷɫһȺЦӭȺ˵ʵʮλǽʼǿߡ
λòƺͰ꣬ԭӶŵĴųԭ
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ΪԭӶŵһλǶѾִˣʱδ顣
ȻֻˣԭֵȴǾñһ㣬̸Цء
ԼĪã˼ܵǱ㳯ԭЦʵԭ֣˴رǹֻΪɣ
ǣﻰԭЦЦ
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ȷʵмСҪλֵܰæԭͷ
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ҾӶҲǸúúжȻӶʵ̫ˣ˵껹ӶŶءսһߵ˵
ǺǣҲ˼ǹҲҪȥһӶҪһ˵֪λɷһ֮ԭЦ
УæӶŰﶨˣֵܶҲþûȥῨǼһˣǺˬе
ǾлλˣȾλһԭϲɫľеľƱ
սҲʰеľƱЦɣ
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ν˵еնλе棬ǳɱСЩкһЩʹʹÿһƬŨȲһҲ˵ûһʵˣЩеľʹͻĽ˶
ˣ֮УҲһЩħޡڵԵʣܹеħҲǳžʹޱȡ
ƷһS񣬱ǽ󣬲ȡħڵĶ
ҲǶħڻоʹʥ
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Ȼ֪Ʒ˼ƷĽлͣЩҲ׷ϣԱƷɱ
磬ôˣﱴɻʵ
ٺ٣иһҪˡƷȤζЦ
ʲôһﱴû
Ȼ
һ죬ǰʮ֮һ޴ӰĴڶ
⡭ﱴ򿴵ͻȻֵľӰ˱סˣǳŵò
ûκ֮Уͳ֮ͳ֮Ǿ֮ʥ޳׼ʵ
ںпµľʹ֮У˵ǶҺǱǾסĻͨʥǿҲҪĸ
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ǺǣʲôúôţȥһˡƷ΢΢һЦնӵ˶ǰмǶ
ﱴȻľ壬ĻǶƷĵǣ۽Ʒ粻ţƷܵκһֵ˺


770 
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࣡ΪҪ뱾أˣǿԡ
˵Ʒһ㶣Ϊ޲ܿء
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ֵ˻һĸоԴǿ˺ѿ˰ʹ࣬ƷֳıĽǾ޴˺Ϊ롣Ѫ֮УƷȥһֽסһ龫ʥеıǶߵǴ֮ﰡ
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ǳȴǿͰ͵ĶƷŵʥ۳żʣһصĽţƷ罫ʥԼˡ
Ʒһǳ˵Сʵʱ޷ʥԺԻ㣬Ȱ˰ɣ洦
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ǳ˻һȻǿ˵㣬Խȥ֮󣬳оԼӿһůϵǿԼ塣ԳеΪ˷ܣХһֱгȥ

ʵѹֵϢ͸Ĳؽ֮
Ȼ֮أȴһȺˡ
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ˣ£ϴŰߣҲ͸պסǲλȻҲΪ˵Ϯ
Сĵ㣡ѾƽĿˣͷλ˵λˣͷɫϣλʵ˵õߡ
ǶҸоĶŨ˲٣ٿһЩĻЩҪֵסˡһλǿߵǵĳλʵָȻЩˣû뵽ĶеĻҪжҲеЩܡ
ߣĻСĵǡǺĻص
ûˣλǶĺߣԭӶŵߣеʮλִ֣һS˵ҲɣǲȡħڵĶ
ɼԭղѣҪ͵͵һSԺԭлٴν񾳡
ԣԭһִжӶŵĴ֮ʱرǲǶǳȥִε
ֻһεеΣգǶҲɫأȻԸħһİգµĶǶ¾ûѶȡ
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ͻȻ
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ңңλеƴУʹڵĶҪѳЩճҺһ㣬ľλӣǿҵĶҺʼӵ֮ʹࡣ
˴󾪣ȥȡ
Ƕȴǳһ˭ҲȥСĵǣȻߣ
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ʹҲֹͣ˲ҽУΪѾû֮С
ҡͷ̾ϢһԴӽʱѾȥ˰ˣΪԭǾͲֹʮ˵ġ
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˲Ҵ⣬Ͼδ֪յ󣬱׷׽еĳΪĶǵı


771 ŭ
ģǻĲϱƽǶǵɫԽӵŨأ׵֮УЩ˵֮
ڣǶǻĿʱԭ̼תΪľ㵡
ԭ߽ħ޳
Ȼ⿴ƽȴַǳĲ嶾СϸȥǶȴȫľסˣΪڳӰ
˵ܽˣǾʵ˵õǳϵɾ𾪲ˣһλֻһλͨѡһλĿ࣬ΪһСŮӣ޸֮СŮ
СŮаڳϣƺΣյеһһ㣬Цͷһ꽻̸ţȫκεĿ־֮⡣
𾪣𾪣ﻹҪԵøӵĹ졣
ǡһλ㵵˵еĳһжֵ˼
ˣ˵һȥǶһصλųƷ硣ʵԲģȻƺûʲôرģǶȴǴƷĸоһɿµϢ
ǶϾ㣬˾ǲģʱô֪
磬ǰŶﱴǰпԿӰվ
֪ˡƷ΢΢ͷڽʮﴦʱƷ㷢Щʵ򵥵ˣЩǰȥķǶħڳѨƷɴЩȥ
ֱƷǳųɵǶʱ򣬱ͣ˰֮УǶһˣﱴĺ档
ʱǶҲڿλꡣ˾ȵǣû뵽ƷеĻҪӵᣬһͷɫĳףһ˫ĵѪɫͫףƾһɢƣ֪˵Ĳ
Ƕһ࣬ڲ֮ǰֻܱ־衣Ѿ亹˸ɫ𾪵ƷЩİ͡
ãѣϷǶԭӶţλǣǶϾԷλʵǳǿߣǶ
ԭӶţƷһ㶣һЦٺ٣ǿɣԭԭӶŵˣֻ˵ǵˡ
磬ԭӶʲôﱴʵ
⻰Ƕɫһ䣬ǲõһ۴ﱴΪƷʵǶǷˡ
СãԭӶŲʲôǶǿеŭ
磬ô˵Ƕﱴһ
㣡Ƕ죬ЩҲһѿԭӶŵݣȻһСŮԴ衣
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772 ħ
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ǺǣиһҪˣⲻǵ£úÿűˡƷЦеĻص
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ģһﲻҲŶħİɣǶɻͷһԵõƷ磬ɲƷռˣЦǺǣ⼸ÿ
ʱеˮðԽԽңеĿˮһ㣬֮ضʼӿеЩҲڷķš
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գԽԽѹ֣ҲĪһɾѹо縺ʯһ㣬Եóزѡ
Ʒ˫۽Ȼ֮ܵһֱסǹϢĸо֮ǶħѾչжˡ
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ǶħɲŹЩԼеС࣬ŭһһŵѪɫŧҺһӱλǿߵϡ
˴󾪣оľѹսת
ϧһתʱȫľˣһ޴ѪӰǵӣκһ˿ĵֵĻᶼûС

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գ֮䣬ֻʣ߰ɭɭĹǼܣĵ֮С
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Ƕһ㱻Уȫ͵һ𣬹Ҫȫѿһ㣬ѪݺݵĻ˳ȥЩֱ綾ˮС


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û뵽ħʵ֮ǿʮλʹ޷ΪǶȡʱ䣬ǵ͹˶ħʵ

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ۼǶҪ֮еʱ򣬲ִټǿ˼оյĶˮ֮ϣ⣬ֻǹâԵЩ޹⡣
ħѾٽʥڼʵԱǿĶҺ֮ͬУԻǶĶ֣ǶǲŻԿ
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ħžͲȥƷ˼ħ޸о񣬿оƷʵǶô򵥡
漴ħһǶ˵ߣ㼸˵ñأƾʲôñ㣿ңкʸ뱾
ߣҲΪϷͺúɱͷԼ򵥵ļһǶɫһеĳٴηǿҵ⣬Լλ£ǻɵվŸԭӶôãǲǵøΪԭӶΪķˣ
һ㶣˳˼
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ߣǻԥѵΪϷǻ𣿡ǶԴ̼
˵꣬˫ͻȻѪ˿Ѿ˱֮ġ

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ܺãǶԭӶŵʿǶͷɫޱȡ


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ħһ£ȻҪͷˣħ㶢ƷŭһҲȥɣ
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ֻһ̣Ʒɫú䡣
һ£Ʒιʧգӵħͷ̧һƣĻ˹ȥ
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һƣƽ棬ħȴǴƾиоһɼΪֲ
һ̣ˣ
飡
һװײ֮Ʒһưڶħͷ֮С
𣡡
ħʹһ޴͵һһɾ޴ֱѶħݺݵƷ˳ȥ
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ƷתһΪ˳ϣһȻ
ߣȻߣ⡭ôܣǶʧУǼ˿µĹһ㣬һϵıḻޱȣȴųˡO͡
֮ǰƷչʾħǶΪƷλǿķʦû뵽Ʒ绹λµߣ̬ǣƷƽһƾͽħˡ
𾪺ȻǶѾȫʼ޷ղһĻģ˵ֱһµجΡ


775 Ըɵ
ƷҪô֣ҪôһˣһƣͰǶסˡ
ǶĴԼʮλֶԸħžڼƻУû뵽ʧ˲أͨͨԼҲ붾ħԿܴƷôһƣһӾͰѶħˣħ˫ޣʵ̬
˿̣ǶޱȵİûڣΪʲôԼ̬ĹأղǶƷ磬޴֮ٶѡ
ǶһʱĿģ۾ֵƷ磬ƷһŭֱӺɱԼ
ƷϰڳϣȻ˵ˣֻ·οͣңȻڣ
ͻȻ
һˮֳ嵴ˮħǿɫĶƷ硣ǰλʵʵ̫ǿˣղһƣֱöħѪڣԼӵǿֿܵסƷһơ
ˣħϻشʵ
ΧЩҲƺоη壬˿ͻȻг˷
ʵǶ붾ħ֣ҲȻƷĶ֡ڸоǾƷеһ㣬ƷС
Ʒȴһνӣ̶ֵǱңҲмǽ֣ǼǵģǼǵġǣҪһξǣ˭ңһúнУ
⻰ԲǿЦҲƷĿƷȷʵ
Ƕ붾ħһۣȻƷ綼ˣܾʹͣ֡
ͱˣħŭһֳǶͳ˹ȥ
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ڣѾȫƷ統һԹ߰㣬ȫſֽţżҵƴɱ
䣡
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Ƕû˼ɵʵͻȻǿ˼֣˶ħһݿնգħ֮Ŀסħ˿ڡ
ǶɲɵӣղŶħƷǿһƣǾԲǿЦģӶħѪ֮УԼħѾشǺ䶾ħѻᡣ
ħҲ֪ǶĹƣǶڣͷŵĶҺħȴǸڷĶҺ֮£ϡ
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ħȴײʹȫˡ
һΣǶѧˣ֪붾ħֱӶԿǷǳǵģܹ˶ħĹƾϸСӴӶħȥһӱס˶ħǱ۵Ѫڡ
ˣǶɫһݣһŶħϵѪм˹ȥ
ͣ
Ƕһݺݵ˶ħı֮У֮ϬĽϴϮŶħڴѪ⣬ǶҲ˶ħıϡ
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ħʹУǶڶħ׹ˮ֮ʱȴѰγټӶħ˿
飡
ħǾ޴׹ˮУƬˮһ˲Ǿ˰ĳʻ״ӿ֮ߣƬˮĽȺĶֽһǾ˸ǿƵԶ
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ǣħûѡ޴ˣΪеߣԸ߰ĶħҲ֮⣬ǿϵʹ࣬ٴǶһ
ǶҲǺ޾ɫֻǴԽա򵥵˵սԣһǲ붾ħֱӲֻŶħ˿֡
һһսһ׾ϵĴŰսʮӣħѾ·硣
ǶȴԽսԽ£һбһеħѾҪǶˣת
磬뿪𣿡ﱴԵЩƵ˵
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˵ţһȵӰͻȻ˹ȥǶԭŵħȻƾʧˡ
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ǺǣɱǶԸֱɵСˣҲֻ֮֮ѡƷȻһЦ
Ҳ㣡ϷϷԻ㸶ۣǶŭһУһǳƷڳϵĴﱴɱȥ
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ҽƷ磬ӶŵĿųδ˵˰ɣƷһЦ
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תƷص˳ϣɫĴﱴЦʵ𣿡
¡ﱴ΢΢ҡͷ
Ǻǣó̽ҪȥˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ȥȥģﱴһ㶡
ȥһõطƷЦЦ߶ųΪ뿪
SƷ綼Ѿɵˡ


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Ӷ˶ӶõĴ˼ӶŵˣرǿǣӶ˻ʱ似
ԭӶŴ󲿷ֵ˲ӶţرǿĦ˹ֱǳһ㡣
ⲻ֪֮ͬУӶŵܸͨͨ˿ǣһǺݺݵĴһӶŵˡ
ѩ˿ͬסһңŮദĸҲԽԽã޻˵̸ĻǹƷˡ
ҲΪ˲Ϊ׵ΣеſȣҲǿȸеΪܰʱ̣ҲǴδܹģҲķ˶Լ׵Թޡ
ԭһб͹úܰá
Ȼһҹ֮ʱֵС֮УһװС򣺡ҹ
һֱ˶ŭˣ˵ӶҲǴ½ʵǿӶţȻ˸кȿȫ
̼䣬˶енȻһѷĳʼе롣
ĳ֮У뿨Ůڽ̸ţⲻƵشʱ򣬿Ҳһѿ
ףǣȾʡ
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İɣһչ˺Ƚġѩ˿صɫ֪֮ء
ವһ
⣬ڿա֮ͬ䣬Ҳų䵽Ͽ֮һۣͷ㳯Сȥ
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ֱɵ⣬㾪ȵķ֣һƬյ֮УһƬĻ⣬Լǧˣһ˼Ϥס
ӶԭӶŵˣסˡ
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ԭһˣЦλųþò
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ӶžͷۣкѲӶŲӭ𣿡ǷЦ
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ˣɲǿ׵ģӶҪһ˵ģԭͻȻ˵
ԭųлֱ˵ǣص
ߣҾֱ˰ɣ˵ŮȻˣԭʵ
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ãȻѳˣ㣬˵Ůǻˣԭʵ
üͷһ壬Ȼû֪˵ǹڿȻе飬һ֪ڹˡ
Ҳһɫ뿨ŹͬĲ²⡣
ĬԭЦǺǣôųô˵أ
һ˵ûȷʵǻˣ֪ǴϢ
ģҲ˵ֻҪ˱ǡԭ絶棬ʣֻҵǺ֪Ůǻ˭ļ֣
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ųﻹֲ˵սޱ˵
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һֵŭеԭ˵һ£ȷʵӶŲԣĻֻܾʹ˽ԼˣΪ˲ǵʧӶŻһλԼ⳥һǧң
һǧң
һҲסˣһԼѣȻҪ⳥һǧңǿӶʮĿ
Ǻǣһǧңͦ˵ġԭһЦ͵̧ͷſŭǣԭӶŵͽ⳥ͿԽԺǴ½֮УԭӶŵڣֵǣ˵𣿡
ֻعֻع
ԭӶŵӶǶڴкţȻӶʾˡ
ԭҲֻǽԼ֮¶ѣ鷳ˡ˷ŭǣ浽˭Ӷţ
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ߣ˵õͦõֻ˵ҲܴӦ˵Щ޳ܵҪ󣡶ӶҲǺ۸ģٽ¶µĻǾݹ飡һὣֱй
ûӶſɲѹˣٲ뿪˵صĻҲǸϻȥиųˡ
ԭƵ˿ǻַӦⱾǼƻе˼
漴ԭ˵λųɵǣǻԼȣȻǿƱˣѲΪӶЦ𣿡
ߣ˽ӶţѵǾΪǲ⵽Ӷ𣿡Ļؾ
ҲҪųʧˡԭһЦ
ͻȻ
һȻ𣺡Ӷž֧ԭӶţ
սӶţһʵ
أѭȥӶ֮ƺƴıȺȺϵɱء
ӶսӶţڴ½ߵAӶţAӶŵʵǿӶŵųսӶŵųս죬ɶ½ʥǿߡ
ԭһѾӵλʥǿߣټԱѾﵽǧ֮࣬ѾȫѹӶš
ಣಣ
λ³ӳ֣ԭǵſǣս졣
ŭѣŶֱӱʵۣս죡ǺιأΪҪִ£
ųǲҪΪУֻ֮󣬶ųеǳʧǲòͦԻԭӶһҲΪųһ˽ûӶҡͷ˵úǴȻһ㡣
ھսӶŶȥˣų£ҲӶŵ˼ϾӶſӶ֮ףųΪԼ˽ӶţӶϧսα̾Ϣ
Щ޳ӶŵĻÿҪˡ
ȴǷԵһƽֻǾ˾÷һܵ衣


777 ۷Ծ
£Σ˿̵ľӶԽԽӲֹۡ
ԭӶӶƣǴ˴βѡĻӶŽ⵽صĴΪһ֮ĸƷǿܵĴڣȻѡ
ڣΨ֮ƣҪôƴҪô;ȥʱȴƷĻȻûбİ취
ųԭǿ²ʹ˰ˣ硭ľѾǵӶŵ档
ôˣӦúҵĴ·ʽɡ򵭵Ļص
΢΢ͷ૵ڵĶǷǳҪôȽСȥҲ˺С㡣
Ǻǣ㻹ǲ򵭵һЦ˸⣬ǴӶŵʱսӶźʱηһҲ⣡
׷ųųҪʲôһͦɫᶨ˵
лл㣬ͷο
һ£ЦǺǣųѾþûһ𲢼սˣڷҸеǳ˷ܣ
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ԭɫų˼ǲ׼Эˣֻܺϧ˵ΪųǹִľӶţ
ٷϻһֱԭ˵ԭ֮ӶԭӶ֮飬ֵĻһ֮ݽҵսʤΪʤңұӦκεҪ󣡡
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ųҪСġѵ
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죡
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ѵܼ۷弶ֵľҲס˺ȫעĶ˵սԶԼԺսġ
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ȻȻԭҪʤڿ򣬵ԭȴѾʼı·硣
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ŭеԭڷ¶һ˿ǶĿһ±סˣϬһǶһ㣬ͻԭϷߣԭؿڡ
ȻĽ̼֮£ԭȻ˹֮£ƺͻȻǱһ㣬һ
ݵһ
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ͽˡȻ
ߣԽϷҲˡԭһ
Ϸһ㶣ܸоԭһǳա
ͻȻһ졣
ɫ䣬Ϊһıը֮죬Сﴫġ
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ǺǣȻųԸ⽻ҪˣҾֻ˽ȥˡԭЦĿ衣
֪Ǿͺú˽ɣһûлȥӶŵ˼ųɱԽԽء
о˿ϵƱ仯֪ΪΣԭЩеηƺӶŵʵֻˡ


778 Ʒˣϣ
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Сһ죬ԴڿڵĴԺĸѾٸȥ
ʱǵһӶʮλǿߣ׷Χסһˣһٴаӡ
ʱտĴԺ֮Уһλӣһͷɫ̷ɫ£¶ֱϵͼֳһɷӡ
ΪӣҲԭӶصĸ֣ƣٽʥڼʵ
ڣܱѾʮˣ˵ƵСȻӵڶལǿߣԵʥǿߣһҲǵƵĶ֡
Ժеˣû˻η壬Եʥǿߡ
һȺϣûȤǲǸŮ˵ģ˵Ļһвɱˡ
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䣡
һޱ֮죬ֱӱըһ޿ӣɽʯ֮У˿ǵʹУ׷׿Ѫʹĵ˳ȥ
飡飡
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ߣӶŵֻбսûлѡҪɱɱǣҲѡ㣡κһУһû뵽˵˾Ʒйìܵ޺գɼ޺ҲǷǳӶŵġ
ܺãǾԸ⻰ˣ⵶ŵ⣬ѾԺ˶ǿѹ֮С
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ŭһһǷĻӶеĳƴ
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һᲮҲǿѣһжս죬ò£ᲮԵࡣϾսֻǳʥ׵ʵѣᲮսֻᲮǵĽ֮нʱʱ͵ϮսᲮһЩơ
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ġƷ΢΢ͷ
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ϾƷԴӽС֮󣬿ȻϢӶҲͼ֪ѣֻ˵ӶųڹˡڹƷҲѾŲ²⵽ˣҪȺԼˣҲֻˡ
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ˣ
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ߣСˣƷһһӣ̼ϮһƬƬСķУǺ˵ϡ
ϵħ
˾ֱʿˮ֮ǰϵ䣬ٿµķϵħǿ꾹ӵ˫ϵħ
ݣݣ
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УӦһľϮֱĸооԽӵܡ
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ѡӶţɫȻԼֻһӣҲȥ̻ص˼
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ȻأΪʲôö֪һηµĴ޿ˣǱ÷
ߣû뵽ӶžȻҲ˱ɵСˣԭһǺ죬ǾƷ磬һʱҷ
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ش·µĴӶ˵ǴɣΪΨһĶӣνأ
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ᲮҲԵúƽѡˡصĻᲮҲǲʲôģֻǹϵԺӶš
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ˣٽҸףû˶ӣسͷĺеĳȻӶκ˶ǹƽģҶشԭµĴҾ̻ڸųݣ͵شأʾ
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΢΢һ˫ۣˮнųԵ˵ĳء˴ԵĿɲʲôˣԼӣʹǼΪܵġ
ݵһ
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ضԲ𡭡ţǿʹ࣬Ժ˷⵽ƽĴ
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֪ʱѾǰһصĴҼϣֵ̾ܣʵԲģΪôĹףʲôѡŵǶģ
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ڳԣкͣԭмЦ
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û֮ǰ˵ˣֻ˵һЭԭӶţû˵ǲԸı⡣ԲԭųοﲻˡޱĻص
ӶţǶǱƵġæ˵
ǡǵģսӶҲǱƵģսŻֵ̿˵
ãܺãЩûĶǺҵùҲˣԭŭѣͷƷ磬ʵߣҲòϣʵȷʵǱǿǣкɲӶŵ飡
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ߣӶŻԼȣ׿ڳϣһǰҲֻΪҪһ˵ѣһλ½йҲǲ˰ɣԭĻص
ԼʲôԼƷ絭ʡ
ߣ֮ŮҶ»Լû뵽˽ߣһһֻҪ˵ѵû𣿡ԭŭ
Ǻǣ֣ƷЦЦһɱе¶Ȼȫ
ԭҲɿµɱסˣ亹Ʒһ˫ѪɫӶţоһѷĳһ㣬ݺݵԼϴ̴˼ѹֵĸоʵ̫ˡôҲ벻ԼﵽƷ磬ΪԼɱ֮ء
ҲֻпˣΪͬԭ
˵ڿԭʱѾǿһ˰ˡ
֣
⻰Ʒǰ˵𣿿ظԭϢû˵ȶ滳ϵ˭ĺӡ
ԭɱѹܣѵ˵дûнԼͻ˱˵ļ֣ҪҶԿжӵĻҶҪϼֵŮ˸ʬΣ
һĻԭйĺʹ죬ȴûʶܱǹɱԽԽˡ
Ʒһ䣬þǵеԨȼһŭƷΪŭĻ͹ƾЩʬε˾Իԭ
Ҫ𣿡Ʒʵ֮УЯһ˵ɱһһ㣬ݺݵĲԭؿڡ
ԭɱ˳֮ԶֱӲĿʼоƷʱ򣬾һԽľɽһ㡣
˾úϲ£죬˵ԭҲһλʥ۷弶ǿߣȻͱƷһ֮ԶʵҲʵˡ
㡭㻹ʲôɣԭĲصоƷ粻ԼĽ̸ֱһԼ
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һƾҪƷʱƷͻȻһӰԭ˿մ˹ȥ

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Ȼ˱㾪ֵĿԭͻȻƷʬˣڴ֮ǰû˿Ʒ絽γġ
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ڣоǿƷһ㣬Ხȫ岻ϻ

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ӶţǴѾʮǿAӶš˵ӶŵͷͣʱټA񡣵ֵǣӶAӶŵȼ֮󣬱ʧˡ
ǣеӶʵǿSӶŵʵӶҲΪ˴½ΪصӶš
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ΪϵĶɭֽ֮ģħǵ½ѵѰĹSʮǰһֱɵѾӶõSˡû뵽ʱ꣬Ȼ˻ݽS
ݽиرҪ˵ʱӶŵĵȼҪӶֱ֮ȼĽǷݹӶŵ¼ϵݽ˰
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˺ļ죬Ʒ綼Ůߡ
ﱴҲϰҲ÷ǳĿģΪӵ۰ԼˡҲѩ˿ĽڿȻеԭѩ˿⼸Ҳﱴͦദģֱ׽һ㡣
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Ʒеοر𻹽͸˴ﱴ򣬳Ϊ˴ﱴٻޡǩƽԼԺҲͿڴﱴΣʱ̰ﱴ
ΪƷⷬѡ񣬲ʮ֮½гΨһһλŮԴħٻʦȻҲǺˡ
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ȻƷ˵ҲԶԶģЩǿߣƷ绹̫ˡǰʹ̩̹ѪħսʱƷе鵽ǿʵжֲǸȫһεġ

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ͻȻ֮䣬Ʒеİ顣
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Ͼ𽣿ȻƷ粻֪𽣵жǿƷԳԽͨԲά˿ּǿ߾Ϳշ𽣡
ʵά˿˴֪鱾Ҫ߻֮պôά˿ߣյά˿ڵõĻҲˡ
ƷʱԲ𽣣ôõıˣƷ᲻ռ
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뵽ڴˣƷͻȻ´Դͻڰ˲֮ƷѾþúÿµĿռ䣬Ҳʱˡ
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öħɢȥӶ㳡ֱð
ɻ˹׿ڴԣ˽ӶĽ
ʱ˹лһӶ㳡ˣɫ࣬ʶգӶһȵʢ¡ұοǣԿڶӶྫӢⶼӶе£ҵŬɹǿɼġͬʱҲرл˴βӶĸˣӶҡ˴εӶᣬҲΪ˴ٽӶŵĽҲΪѭӶ֮ĹÿӶ罫ٰһ¡صʢ¡ʢ֮УԺΪڽ֮УϣڳλܹʿɶֹΪȣ˿⵷һǶߣ⵽Ӷķɱ
ȫžȻĵȡŻ˹Ļ
˻˹Ȼ˽ӶὫһЩı仯ʤߵĽش֮⣬ʤ߿ֱӶ˫S񣬻дﵽһǧҵķҪĻӵн񾳵ʸͬʱAĵڶʤߣҲõһSӶǵȼҲSӶʸĻҲӵн񾳵ʸͬÿ֮ǰλʤߣԻֱһȼ⽱
񾳣ǶӶ鰡
Ʒ˫˸žâڽ񾳵ʸƷӵ˾Եİա
ţ˹ֵˣӶ㳡ΪսֻеȼﵽAӶŲʸڴ˲ԽAµȼӶţѾ˰ŵıλҪսĻǿɾ͵üӰˡΪսպʽУÿȼʤߣпܻýսʸ󣬾ףλúóɼɣ
䣬ȫȻ
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ԣһӶľһǳļңҲǳľʣϾջʵ̫ˡ
˹˵Щ֮д˴ӶļλҪ˵һЩЩƷرķ꣬ԭҲǷǳעʽġ
˺󣬵˵˴Ӷй֮A¼ӶѾʼ׷뿪Ӷ㳡ʼ˰ŵرľųǩԡ
ƷЩAӶţܵĴǱǲһˣֱսϽгǩԡ
ԵĹҲܼ򵥣ԣʤ߽˳ҲֻҪһûٽˣÿһ֮ıԶǳҪ
ȻÿһӶŶʵܲܽĻһǿǿʵɲһֱеģܴܲǿҪԵʵ
ڣӶ㳡вѾдȺĶһЩۿ߻һЩͼӶš
ʱϯ̨Ϸ䣬վӶ㳡룬ͻȻֳһں֮ɫһرħƵǽʷΣֱңиȭͷСĿ
󣬰㳯ſ̨ϵAӶŵ˳˴γǩҰ𣬶˴βսAӶţʮһBõǰλʮĸӶšԴ˴αɷΪʮ飬ʮ鹲ʮС飬ÿһСĻʤֱ߱ӽһ׶εıԡսķսУֻֻʮˣÿһԿԻˡ˴˴αĹ鷳ŵĴǩˡ
䣬̨֮У㿪ʼ׷һӰߵǰ̽밲ŵǽпʼѡԼķ
ǽǲܷģħƣҪѡֵĻǲܡ
Ʒȴǿԡ
ΪʱƷǿ֪֮Ŀǽ֮УÿһλǩȡķƷ֮С
ȻⲢҪģƷҲΪҪȣǸӶŵĳ֡ӶǸӶžǲ᲻ģƷ粻ӶţЩ˳ǩ֮ʱƷѰΪӶǸصӶصһԲͬսĺ
һŴĳǩƷ绹ûҪȥǩ˼
ǿɼˣ̲סʣų׼ȥǩ𣿡
ǺǣƷذЦЦ
΢΢ͷƷе˼
ֱһһĸŴѾǩˣΨʣˣȻ޴ϳˡ
һ£ѵʣ֪ӶûдǩһʱĻȡʸ񡣡
˵꣬Ʒһ˰ǰ
һһƷ磬֪Ʒݣϱ¶һѺõЦݡ
һƷ֣ΪһѾ֤ƷѾ߱ʥ򼶵ǿʵ
ǸӶŵˣ
Ѿʼ۷׷ˣĿˢһ»۵λߵϣѹ
˹һ˫ӣҲǽƷ硣ϯϵˣһƷ֮ʱΪ㵣ûӦƷϵϢȴֲ֪Ӻʱ˹㳡֮Уƾ˾
аЦǺǣһʵܷϷθڡ
λȻɫƽҲʵƷչֳһ£ҲֻĶǿ߲ƷǷǷʵˡ
ǺǣԳǩˡ΢΢һЦ
Ʒ絭ͷֱǽһ֧Բ״ķƣȻֻصԭλ
ÿƷҲ֪Լõʲô
ţˣѾʣһˣĸӶûгǩľ͸Ͻɡ
ãӦ
ѾЩˣĸӶžȻ˴ƣȻ˶ǿߵӳǩʱ䡣
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ˣ
һϵȻһλƲʮ˴Ⱥ̤Ӷ㳡
һȻ࣬ÿһǺǵĽɫ˹Ƕסˡ
ΪAӶоӵλﵽʥǿߵϢ֮ˣǽʼǿߣһһλʥʦһǿϣ˴ﵽSӶŵʸ
ȫһ֮ʱоһĪѹû뵽һӶ֮УȻЩѾõǿAӶţӶʵеô򵥡
ţ첽ߵ˰ǰǩ֮󣬱䵭ת뿪ˣһȺеӡ
Ϊľ㵣ΪѾ²⵽һ˵ݣǴ伣ѾõӶšû뵽ʵ˿¡
ǺǣˡƷ簵һЦҲоȣӶŵʵȻƷ粢ܹвԼ
˳ǩϣǽյʱ׼֮󣬱ʽʼܹúŬȡùڣ˵صϯ̨ϡ
ǩܹ֮עAսȫ½Ľ㡣
˭ʤߣ
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790 ɼͽ
˴ΣӶŵĲԱѾȷˣҲػˡ
ȻƷҪҲΪĥǵսԴ˴βԱпĦ˹˹ԭӶŵˣΪ˰ȫɭҲԼټƷԼĻʮˡ
ӶĿĻʽ֮֮ʱDıԡDıԽΪζDӶŵıԣԹۿ˲ࡣ
CϵȼӶţȴ̶̵ʱڽĲһЩսƻΪҪĻսսĻĲҪһʵҪǺԡ
ƷɲͬڱϵĻǻȱһЩս飬ӶŵһDйۿ
ҲֻƷAӶڹۿ
ΧȴǴΪĳԾӶ֮ʱӶžѾΪȫĽ㣬û뵽ǻͼD
ϱԵӶţһӶųֵʱҲǴΪ𾪡ΪƷǹۿԵʣھϵҲǱֵΪɫ֮սޱȡ
ȻֻDӶ֮ıԣڿЩûвӶˣҲǿôΪ˷ܣһԾԾ԰ӡ
Ʒɫƽվڿǵųϵľ
DˣΪӶĶϣ¡
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ڣһʵıԣʤѾˣеһDӶŻʤ
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Ʒһ£ǸӥӶӶֻһ֮ԵʣƷǽΪעһӶš
ʱӶŵ̨ʮˣλսʿλħʦʵߵıǵųӵŴʦʵ˹λʦλ߼սʿλħʦΪﵽ˴ħʦʵΪϵħʦŶԷΪףλϵħʦ㹻ΪŶǿˡ
һģӥӶţʮ˽սʿ
ӥӶųʱȴȫ±Ҳ΢һ¡
ΪӶŵձϿʵ̫ˣΪ׵λųȴҲֻʮ߰¶ѡ
ǣƷΪɫһЦ
ûӥӶͷλˣǳ쳽뷲ˣû뵽˾ȻӶţӥͬеİˣкüλҲԭŵˡ
ʱ쳽뷲ˣֳɫϣСëӣϳǿҵս⣬Яһơ
ߣ׵İɣһȺҲܴﵽDӶŵʵ
ǰʵ̫Цˡ

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ųӥӶŵʵҲʵ̫ˣ治ǵôȼᵽDġҡͷ쳽ǲϤ
ӥӶŵʵǿҲǱʱǡƷȤζЦЦ
桭ôǿ𣿡סˣϸѲһȴҲûо쳽кر֮
ų㲻ǶǵİɣĦ˹ͷ
ȻǣǵºúÿűǡƷһЦ쳽뷲˿ԼһӣֽϰǿӲĹ⼸ĳ֮У쳽Ҳջ٣Ѿһλʥǿһƴˡ

Ħ˹΢΢ͷĿǸӥӶŵˣܱƷ͵ˣҲԲô򵥡
¼׼Ѻã˳ˣѾúˣʤ߼֮С⣬öСûĻǾͿԿʼˣʱ䲻ޡ
ٺ٣ųǵһȺСƨǿԱʵɾܽˡӶеһλ³ӵЦΪӥӶǡ
СĵãܾӥӶЩŹ֡һλӽĻصҲӶŵųҹ
ɶĵģһȥǣǴ³ӻһͻȻҫһǿҵɫâеĳ쳽ֱ˳ȥ
ۼҪƽ쳽֮ʱǴ³ͻȻԾ֮ߣ˫ֳֽ˲۵֮УСǣȽһɣ
˵꣬Ǵ³ӱһݺݵĳ쳽ǵն˹ȥ
㵣ۼǴ³ӵĳƲ쳽ǾȻȻѵǶԼʵ̫ŻǱ֪Ӳһ
ݣ
һһҫ۵ɫ⻡Ļ¡
һҪ쳽ǵʱҲϲ쳽ǿҪҪ֮ʱ
Ȼһۼ֮ĽӰ˹ȥĵ˹ȥ

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Ǵ³Ӻݺݵĵʮ׿ĵ棬ȫʹ
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ҲǿĿ࣬Ϊղĳٶʵ̫ˣþÿȽʼǿ߶ȫ
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ҹڿǴ³һӾͰУ֪֮ǰСӥӶţɫ
ħʦ׼ԭսƻҹ
ţҹλսʿɢгһͣλϵħʦվ֮󣬿ʼΪҹͷ˷֮ףһͷħҲǿԼӥӶǵٶȡ
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ҹһͬλսʿеĳ쳽ɱȥ
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ಣ
һӰӹҹǸûܷӦ˱ѳ͵֮һɫ޹⣬ȴǽйǱȣ׽
ססҹһ
£ͬʱŷ˵Χ˹ȥ
ħƣʩչңȰĴҹǵĳǶ߰ϮɵĻҹϵķߣȻֺݺݵǵϻһ˺ۡ
⽣ݣʵ̫ˣҲҹǴδģǷ˵һ˿ӦĻᶼûУԷζȫ׷Ѱ

һľУҹ˼ͬʱ˿֮ȴĪĶ˼˺ۣҹǼ¹һĽǰޱķˡ
˺ֳֽУȻ𣿡
ҹһ£ɫһ˵ˣлָˣ
˵꣬ҹߺߵ뿪ˡ
㵣ΪǿˣŶ̶һӲʱ䣬ӶžͰˣһǰһλʵʵ̫˸еˡ


791 ͻ
һDӶţȻһ˱ɵˣʵ˭ҿ
ȫȻһӶȻʣû뵽һDܼӵǿʵDӶţһһȺˣǴպAҲǲ޿ܡ
þòŷӦӥӶţһ׼
ţ쳽ǱȻɫ뿪صȺ֮УɫᣬΧ֮ˣ쳽ǵʱĿˣľ塣
ųղǸʹõ似ôסʣƺʲô
ǺǣûšƷ΢΢һЦ
ţסˡ
һΣųѲҲһӶǣ
ǺǣҲͦġղӥӶŵλڵͽܣԭǳû뵽Ȼ齨ӶšƷɫЦ
ѹˡ˹ΪƷͽܵˣʵȻô򵥡
˶٣ͻȻɫᶨ˵ųAʱӥӶŵĻϣܹǵʵһս𣿡
ȻԡƷЦЦҪƷȥԼλͽܵĻƷ绹еΪˡӶߣƷ绹ڱصõģΪϵ˽񾳵ʸ
˺󣬲֪ǷѶһЩDҲǾۼԽԽĹۿߡ
AµҲΪҵģһʱڶҪһıԣԽ֮󣬻Ҫ׼һıԣ˼ԻˣֻҪʮ˱С
DĻܹעĵȻ½֯ӥӶţ˵ľ֮Уֱ˾
ʼգӥӶŶʵ쳽뷲ϳһսӶţDǸѹ
ԣӥӶѾӹɵĳΪ˽DߣֱӽCӶCʸ
ͬʱ쳽Ҳ˸һĳɼνǴա
ΪһıԣӥӶҲȵֳΪһӶǿҲǿʹ죬û뵽DﾹȻҲܿޱȵıԡ
DıԣҲʹ˽ˣǰߣոΪC
ֱҹ֮ʱD˶Ѿ뿪ˣһڴյCڸƹݾۼУ챬ˣĴҵ̸֮
ϾһӶᣬʵǳ̫ˡһЩǿӶţһЩͼӶҲչֳǿʵ
ǽռӥӶŵʵܴ̼ԻصԺ֮ҲǿʼĽпޣ׼֮ı
Ʒ翴м飬ǿģҲûȥſǵ뿪ˡ
ˣƷҲȥ쳽뷲ˣλƷͽܣԺпܻӹţƷܲں
ҹеôӶ֮ﶼԵ֡
ʱĳƹ֮Уʮˣڴޡ
û쳽ӥӶŵˣжʮ˾һ䷿С
ʱ쳽뷲ϥޣһսҲֻСţѣǵȻεҲ֮AıΨǸǲһЩֵսĶ֡
Ȼ쳽Ǿ֮УƷ羪Ȼƾն֣ƷԵ¶һ˿
˭
쳽ǵ˫ۣ㿴˷оȻһλߵӰ
৵һ£˷׷γһ֮ƣɫءܹϢˣȻǵ֮
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Ʒû˵ֻ΢΢ҡҡͷƺ쳽һ㡣
쳽ʢһԷƣΪŭ˱˴һۣĵͷ
Ȼ˵ǾͲˡ쳽һֳһ𵶣ʩչ뷲ͬʱ֣Ʒֱ˹ȥҲβȥ
쳽뷲һӽƷӣ͵նϵ
ƷɣĶ쳽ǵй
˴󾪣û뵽ǰλİӵʵ˿£Ǹе㵵ľǣⷿŪôĶƹݾ˲ǶѾʹĳ־˵ֶνĶˡ
뵽ڴˣ쳽뷲Ҳ֡
쳽һյһ𵶳ȼ˹һ浶һӾȻ˵߲㣬Ѿӽʥʵˡ
ţҲǱһĿԵӾҵĲţڹһǿϽķһǿҵѪ⣬һɾаϢ͵ӿɢ˿侹ȻʼˡԭССȻΪһªĹǿħһ״̬
쳽뷲˶ɵӣͻȻֵĶʵǿǲٱʵˡ

Ʒɫû뵽쳽뷲˵ʵȻǿȡ
ɱ
쳽һ
͵һ£쳽еһǱħķˣڵĳƷֱ˹Ҳκһֵʵбȫ
Ʒ˸žâΪߵĻԿƷϵǾϲЦݡ
ݣݣ
ǿޱȵĽ쳽뷲ͬʱ׼Ʒնʹȫ
ۼҪƷ֮ʱƷ͵̽˫֣ƾȵĽסѳһζǿѹס˽е

ͫױ벻ֵʵǿ󣬾ʹȫĶ֡
һ
Ʒֱӽ˸˿վԭ۹ɫֵ쳽뷲ˡ
쳽֪ƷĶ֣ʶı㳯ЩԱȵǿߣǵס

һλվȻƷ˵ҲԻų
Ҳǣ
ˣһһվ
쳽뷲˿Ļ۴ͣ˵ģıǸжˣ֪ȻԸѡ
ģ
˺޺޵սȭͷͷٴս
ߣ֪Ķ֣ӥӶҲô۸ģ쳽һֱƷ硣
ҲԲù˳ŭ
ⲻ֪Ʒ羹ЦǺǣΪŵӵеľ񡣡

쳽뷲ȴһ£ȻԾĵɴ˫ۡȫЩ촽һЩˮ
еʵ̫Ϥˡ
һ
ǾǷеĳȻض£ĺʦ
ΪǵУΪƷ磬е˵ǵĶʦ
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ȴǴסˣмλŵӵ˵Ӧ˹׷׹ڵء
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ǵģʦǳһʱ벻ȥģԱ齨һ֧Ӷţһص˽һЩŵӣʦͷ쳽˵
ͷҸͷǣƷЦЦҪͷĻǿɾ͵úúøóóɼϣ֮Aܹǡ
ʦһ
ǺǣʦҲμӶᣬӶšƷЦ
Ӷţ쳽һ㶣˹ϲɫЦѹ֮ǰ˵и׵ӶţȻӶӶᶼҪӣԭˡ
˵ǴAĻǲǿܻʦ˾ĵһӾûˡ
ǺǣİɣǵĻҲսǵĶֺпܲӶšƷ΢΢һЦ
ǿɺãֻҪϵʦͺáһ
ҪǵǣAʱǽǿĶ֣ʱǿҪŬˣɱʧƷ˵
ʦɷģһȫԸ쳽սⰻȻĻص
ҾͷˡƷ΢΢ͷοһЦǺǣǶɳˣܿĳɾΪǸеˡ
һжڵʦࡣһм˸һ˿⣬꣬ѾСˡ
ˣҾˣ֮һ¾ǣӶ֮ҲûˡƷ˵
ǻȥġ쳽˵ͷ
ƷЦЦαƾʧ
쳽뷲жû뵽ھȻȻܹԼ׸һԼĵʦΪ˲ԼĵʦʧCıԣѾս߰
ЩŵԱȴ㵣Ϊˣղλǿ߾Ȼųĵʦ


792 
ӶľԽԽңڶCıԣҲǾޱȡۿҲǷǳ࣬C֮УҲ˲ʵǿӶš
ȻܹעĻһȺ俴ձ鲻齨ӥӶţ˴ҵĺȲʡ
ֱ֮ʱӥӶֶ˸Ĺߣֱֻӵĵȼ׼յBıԡ
ӥĳɼƷҲǿο
ֻӥӶŵͷʵ̫ˣѾ˲ߵ⣬ǵӶ֮ӥӶŻ⵽һЩ鷳ƷҲһ˼ӥӶŵϣϾ쳽ʵ̫ˣҲ˶ʼɡ
գҲBı
BıǼֱƴˣÿһı÷ǳңвٵӶھ˲ơ
û취BʤߣõĽʵ̫ˣܹ÷ĽAӶŵĵȼһʸA
һıӥӶͬǱܹעBıɲ֮ǰȼһЩʵǿӶţһӥӶҲʮ˳սͷҲͣÿһıûлˣܶ֡
һһıгɹӶšȻҲź뿪Ӷš
BӶţҪ֮ǰ࣬BľңÿһıƾУԱһֱҹŵĹ֮
ʱB֮УĦ˳ˮȺ
ΪҲBĹ֮С
ӶţͻӶӥӶš
ͻӶţͻһ㣬ǿBӶţʮ֮УȻλǽǿߣλǽ֣һͻӶΪ˶ԸӥӶѾʹǿϡ
˵ھ˭
ǻ˵ȻͻӶš
Ϊʲô
û˵ͻӶѾ߱AӶŵʵֻûеݽĽȼѹƵBӶšӥӶأȻͷͣȱʵʵս飬ҲһȺӶѣôǾгͻӶŵĶ֣

Ⱥ֮УʼҵţǶ࿴ӥӶš
ܼȺ֮УҲǰһЩʵǿĶ֣ӥӶͻӶŵıѾ˲ǿߵĹע
ƷҲ֮ͬУ⣬ܱ֮ԵӵΪΧ˶ƷϵϢҹڿ
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ɭԭ͸Կסλǿߣԭǰ˻ǿƶȥģڷսǾҪȥԸƷ磬ǰǾùȥˡ
ΪǶȥǵøȥʯͷûʲô

˾סˣû뵽ս˾ȻֳƷ硣
ȻҲڴģӶŵλųʵжǿ
ಣಣ
սǵٶȺܿ죬ͬһķȫһ㣬ΪǶӦƷʵ
ݣ
һĽ⣬ĳƷնȥ
ססһס
ˣһѰѷսǿҵâ˺˿ռһ㣬ݺݵֱնȥ
ۼҪƷʱ
͵ģƷһ̧ͷֱһ˵⣬սĿͻȻһͣкҲŻһɫֱ䡣
һ
Ʒ⣬ͻȻӿһ֡
飡飡
һײ֮죬սǻδ㱻ǿƷ˳ȥһǱ䵹ڵء
ţƷջ磬ȻԵ˵ƽ
⡭
ȫȻѻƬ
λʼǿߣĪıƷƷˣʵ̫ˡ
ǿ
ǲ˽Ȼ󾪣˹Ҳüͷ
а˵Ӳһ£ͼҪվӡ
һ̣ԭֵĳ涼ĳǹһĽƷ磬սǶȫûӦ
λ밬ǲλǿҲסˣһʱ䲻֪롣
ɣսɫƷ磬Ȼˡ
ûھԵʵǰκһжͽ޹ģսһȷѡ
ţ˵ľ֮£սǱĬĬ뿪˾
˺ûŷӦ˹УˣһıԣӶŻʤ
䣬ԭŵĳȻ㱩һҵĻ֮
ʱشĿȴҲǻվӣصĻ£ȴɫȻû뵽ǵƷˡ


796 ׵в
Ӷţ飬Ʒչ¶ǿʵ֮󣬸İǿѾˣڶ콫ǿѡ
ԣڶıԽӵľʡ
ǿѡ֮󣬱һʱ䡣
ƷҲصסֻǿǵɫرĺãƺ÷ǳƷһ㡣
ƷӶŵ˻صס֮󣬱㽫ʱռС
ʱռӵ㹻ʱ䣬ú׼յսɡƷ˵꣬׼ȥ
šƷ硣ȻסƷ硣
ôˣֵܡƷЦʡ
˻ϴһЩ˵Բ𣬽յıǵˡ
˵꣬Ħ˹˹ҲǲͷֲȥƷһ㡣
ƷЦЦ˵ǺǣǶѾˣҲǵһβμӶᣬЩӳҺڴǵձ֡
һ£ս˵ٸһλɣԲʧġ
ûѾٺˡ˹ų
ǾͺãҲǡǾͺúϢɣȡվ֮ǰǿһЩʵ¾ȳȥһˡƷͷһЦ

΢΢ͷ
ʵƷ֪αʱ򿨽ǶٻЩӳս߰ӣƷҲǷˡ
Ʒ뿪𸮡
ӶƷıӻ⣬ӥӶŵĻѾ¶˲ٵʵƷҲ쳽ǵġ
ϾڻӶ֮ʵ̫ˡ

ʱ쳽ڵľƹݹС
յսҲǽΪļ࣬쳽Ҳûǰȼǰɣǳɹ˴ǿ
ԣ쳽ǻ֮󣬱̿ʼоޡ
ãƷϰϢ֮쳽ǻָҲ죬֮ʱ쳽ֳֻԭеĻ
ˣ
һͻȻ

쳽ǴӾоŶУԵüΪĲá
쳽硣
ߣǼɣ˷Ǿ޵ʱ䡣쳽Ļص
ˣ
һԽԽˣǲ쳽ǲ͵˼ˡ
MDĸ쳽ŭѣʾһ˹ȥ򿪷š
ţһǷǰȥǾƹˣ»ᰤٵĿͷˡ
顱һ
صĴ˷ţƿڴ
һ£һĺϮ룬˾һ£ֻоһӰ˲˷С
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쳽ǵٵĳеĳ
ǺǣλšһϵЦһλİ˵
쳽Ƚһһߵʱ򣬱оһĪѹĸоǰλߵʵ£ֵĻҲǰλߵĶ֡
˭쳽ʵǾ衣
ҲǰڵʱԽпħϾǰλͻȻֵʵǿ
һȻһЦǺǣϷн˹ӶŵųҲӥӶͬһġ
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쳽һ㶣ӶҲƺжţǲ֪Ӷŵôҵ߲ˡ
ߣӥӶӶźΪ⣿쳽һ
ǺǣϷ˵ĿȻǶкô˹ϸЦЦһհӣӶŵʵҲ˽⣬ڵһĻӥӶźлӶš
Σ˽ס
УϷֱ˵˰ɡ˹˵ӶҪһµӥӶŵ츳ܸߣǰܹӶ֮ӶŵĻϷ򱣹ܼ֮ʥʵʱӶǿӶűˣ˵ưӶأôǲǺأ
ɣúܿӥӶǶڵģκһӶţ쳽Ļؾ
ɣǺǣΪϷǵĻڶҪͨͨɥˣϷʢ÷أǺúÿǰɣӶžǲǵģ˹Ц
ÿˣǲܵģ쳽䣬޾ɫ˵Ȼ˵ǵʵ㣬ڿӶᣬҶǶֵĻҲֲʲôˣ
৵һ£
Ƿ׷еĳһԵҪƴӡ
ߣͦй𣿡˹ҡͷһЦɫһֻϧǶϷ˵ʵ̫ˣҪɱǼֱϰļ򵥣
㾡ܿԣ쳽ŭеһ𵶳ȼܵһ
ˡ˹˵Ϸٸһʱ俼ǣԸӶŵĻվ˳ӶɣԻᱣ뿪ǻ˲ʶ̧ٵĻϷֻܷȰǣϣӶţȻҪһСĿܾͻҪǵСٻᣡ
˵꣬˹ʧ
ϼһ쳽һҲһҪǽ˹ƴĻȫûаա
쳽֣ҪҪɫ֮ɫ
ߣʱأ˻ǵĵʦڡ쳽һ
ǵҲǡ΢΢ͷ
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˺޷֮УһӴϢ

˴󾪣衣
ţһϤ˹غ£ҡ
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ߣϼһﻹͦģȻôҵǣӶ֮ĻϼһǲǶֵģڵĻһҲκβǣƷߵ
ʦӶŵ׶Щʲôˣ˽סʵ
ҲֻӶű򵥣Ҷ׶ԸƷɫ࣬ǿЦӡ
ʦԸ𣿡ɫ
ҲɣǸһӦǳġƷص
񾳣쳽ɻ
ЩӶ֮Ի֪յĻ򲻵ѵʱмǲɱ¶ԼʵȻǴٵ鷳Ʒѵ
ס쳽뷲˳ͷƷĻǾӵġ
ǣҪӶŵĻȨɡƷ֣ص˵
Ȩ
һ쳽뷲˸ԵЩˡ
ߣѵҵĻҲ𣿡Ʒ缫ǲõ
ǣֻǡ쳽Ĳʡ
ǲӶŵĶ֣úüסҵĻȻӴǾͲŵĵӣƷ˵

һڵأͬ˵һӵʦĻ
⻰ƷһҲʵҲΪǺãӶſܾҶҪ˼֣ҲðգʱӶҶﲻǡ
ллʦĽ̻壬֪ˡ˴ͷ
ʦǿѭʦ˼ʦӶŵʱһҪǺúýѵЩһ쳽˵
ǺǣȻƷһЦӶţ㱳ʲôµҪҵˣǾǵɣ


797 ǿ֮ս
峿ӭĴǿѡ
ģӶ㳡бȺǿϯ̨ޱȵڴյǿҪջҪӵľʡ
˺󲻾ãAӶţǽĻ̭ģͬۼΧĿ̨УϾAÿһսǷǳпɿԵġ
ڽǿʱ򣬸İǿѡҪжս˳Ҳȡġ
һǵһӥӶԨӶš
ԨӶŵʵǲֻϧյİǿѡֻһϵʱ䣬δָܻ۷״̬һεս㻻µĳԱ
֮ӥӶŵȻǣԱ䣬ƺյսӰ쵽ǵ״̬һսⰻȻӡ
ȻӥӶŵͷ£һֱDAǽ˴ǿ֮˵Ĺעϯ̨ϵЩǿߣҲǼΪӥӶš
ϾӥӶŵЩʵ̫ˣʵ˵ãȵĿռܴ󣬾ǿĶ
ߣһȺ֪Сӣ˹һŭɫӥӶŵսǣҲǾܾԼ
ʱƷǵĿҲ۵ӥӶЩ˵ϡ
ʼ
Ҳٽһ¿ˣֱӱʾıȶʼ
ųеһҵĻ֮ӶŵѾʼʽˡ
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ԨӶŵųһдһ˿Ա쳽ǵڵĳȥ
쳽뷲΢΢ͷͬʱеһеԱȻĳȥ
쳽ֳһ𵶣ŹһնֱӻһȵĻֱӰΧԨӶŵˡ
ս
ǿм֮һǿֿһԻ֡

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ģȥԨӶŵųһλеĽǿߣųݿն
ⲻ֪ԾϿ֮ʱ쳽뷲˾֪ʱѳֵϿ֮УѾãЩ˾׼һ㡣
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쳽һеս͵һܡ
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ԨӶŵųһû뵽˵ĵ˵ǿͣһʱ侹Ȼˣִֻ֮óŽֵȥ
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ͻȻ֮䣬ҰһƬģ
ԨӶŵЩ˸˵ֱܵǻĹһ΢΢ۣɫֵķ׷һˡ
ಣ
һӰûԨӶսȦ֮УԷΪ׵λ֡
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ݣݣ
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ǺǣǿˡƷ簵һЦ
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ߣһȺСӶѣԨӶŵƣԨӶŵųһӶеĳǿҵâλǿ߳쳽Ǳŭȥ
쳽뷲˱ʵǿᣬϰǳܱȼǶһЩʵһж˵⡣Աкüλŵӣ֮£Ҳסˡ
ԣսʤѾԽԽӥӶˡ
ʱû˻֮еֻľӥӶչֳǿʵ۷ˡ
һЩһȺѣ˭˵ʵܹǿʵ볬似ǵõǿߵָ㣬һЩѾ²⵽ˡ
ڣս˶ʮӣԨӶŵܣʹѾƴȥˡ
ԣһϵеսӥӶŻʤˣʽ˴ǿ֮λ
ǼҵĻУӥӶŵɫ뿪˾뿪֮ǰ쳽ԵĳӶǱ¶һּΪӵ
˹죬ããܺãǾͱǣȻȺ֪ߵغĳС֮أ
ĵڶԣӶ쫷ӶšһӶĻӶҲһĿĽ㡣
ͬģΪ˴Ե쫷ӶʵǿʥǿѹһӶֻֽɳһλʥǿߡ
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սȫǳѹԵģѪչֳǿʥʵ쫷ӶӵڶལǿߣҲԶԶ޷ѪĶ֡
ˣһսܿ죬Ŷ̶̼ӵʱ䣬쫷Ӷű
ȻѪɱģ쫷ӶŵЩҲˣҪһʱſɻָˡӶŵֶλͦģҲƺΪ˾ӥӶŵˡ
ȻЩĻӥӶҲǲмһ˵ġ
սʵ൱ԿాãҲǾ˵һǿ
ʱƣÿһǿѡΪļңĻ֮ҲǸ߳಻ϡϯ̨ϵЩǿߣҲĿ䣬žеÿһս
һӶУʵӿ̫ʵǿӶţ˵ķչʱ䣬ӶʵҲǿࡣ
ڣֵĴǿѡ֮ʱֵӶŵ볡ˡ
ΪĴĵһԣӶӶš
Ӷţڴ½лԾƵӶʥǿѹ󣬵ǿҲռжʮλ
ȻհǿѡʱӶȻܵһЩӰ죬Ҳ㹻Աв䣬ԽӶѾһµԱʮλĽǿߡ
ڣӶӶŵĲѡ볡
һӶţȫֵµķе㡣ӶѾչֳǿʵԽ˶ӶŵıҲΪڴ
˹ϯλϵǿߣҲǽڻеƷǡ
ͬһӶųˣǰƷ羲ں棬ǲ򲻵ѵʱ򣬺ѻƷ֡
ӶŽ볡Ⲣ֣ŵǣտǲѾشôտӰ죬սܹ߰˵ӣѵǷʲôԵҩ


798 ʵ
ססӥӶţһӶǿӶšΪܹעǣȻӶˡ
ԣӶ볡ʱ򣬱ΪȫĽ㡣
ӶŵǱܴӹɵģȻڲʥǿߣչֳʵͻƳʥûġ
ĵδ֮󣬴½кܿܽᵮһʵǿӶš
᳤ϵôˣаסʣȻָصӶŵųˣܹ˽ӶܵˣҲֻӶˡ
аʣҲϸҲ֪𰸡
Ǻǣа治˼Ӷ᱾ŶÿһӶŵڲǾԱܵģ¡˹һЦ
ܣаԵЩʧ㵭ȻһЦǺǣҲˣȴϷҪˡ
аɡ˹΢΢ͷϹھ
˿̣ӶӶŵ˶Ѿ볡
ʦ
쳽뷲һƷʱԵΪļĿӲ롣
ӶţҲǴ½AӶţʵոߣһS񣬲СӡƷ˵صӶţӶͺв
ҪʼˣеĳյһսٴʵǿĶ֮ʱѲӳսڡ
ٺ٣˹ֵܣ׼ã˹˷һЦ
Ȼû⣡Ħ˹սЦ
𸮵ʱռ֮У˵Ҳаʱ䣬˵ʵѾ˲١ǰɭǣһƽоձ˵Ҳ
Ʒ羲ȻĿһֱסӶŵĵ¶ǣʱǵĶֻҪһΣջǲеĻƷ綼֡
ڣΪǿǵʵΣʱ̣ƷҲǶȻ֣ǿߵĹע֮£ҲŪʵʱ
̼ͬ䣬¶Ӷŵʱ򣬶ͷϾð亹
λСģǲôöԸʱȲҪȥǸһ˵ǳ¶۽Ʒ磬ĿƷʵԵ¶Ʒʵеη壬˿֮ȥԸƷ硣
׼ã˳˾ʼ
ϣ
ϣ
ͬʱһ
ಣಣ
ɿһ缲һĹӰű˴˵ķֱ״̬˹ȥȫӲӲĹ

һĽ֮죬˸Խһ˫˽һ𣬵Ӷռżơ
죡Χסǣ¶һ
͵һ£ڵ¶ǵ֮ʣµλǿߣȴճȥٵƵ˿ǵ֮
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˾һƬӶ˼лƵĻƷ粻ֵĻǺѶԸˡ
ʱɫһߵô𣿡
˵꣬͵ıһǿֱӽеĵ¶˸ͬʱ˿ȥת֮䣬ȫӭ˺󱳴͵Ϯλǿߡ

Ľ֮Ļ𻨣ͬʱסеλǿߣǿѹƶǰȥ
ٵһ£λǿſ˵ɱȥ
ⲻ֪ȴǵλǿߵǰѸײڶ֮ƣֻǿӲȭͷ֪ʱλǿߵķͻ˽ȥʵʵĴλǿߵؿС
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лˣһͽǶԸԣսĴЦһĦ˹Ǹսһλǿߡ
յı֣˵ȫͬ˵ʵҲӳķӣλǿ߿ӭѾûжʤˡ
⾪һƬúȻѡտ˵ΪƷԵʲŵȡʤû뵽ӶŵЩԱı仯֮󣬺ͬһ˰㡣
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͵һ£ϵĴһ㣬ĵ˵¶˵ǰ
¶һ£ŵ¶ɫĶߣѵƾһҲ뵲ס𣿡
˵꣬һȻӵ¶˵ĶĴȻǣѲѾҵĴڡ

¶ɫһ䣬оϺǱһɿµɱסһ㣬ľ
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Сģ
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һʹУеһλǿߺ󱳱һɭӰŶ֣һźݺݵĽǽǿ߸߷˳ȥ
쵰ŹСӣ¶ŭһͬˣסɭֱ˹ȥ
֪İȴ͵ĳӥצֱ̽ץס󴦵һλǿߣҰ˰Ľֱ
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˴󾪣һȥĻǾԻġ
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λǿͫױݼ侹Ȼ㵲ˡ
ѾңһֱӽĽǿ߸䵽˳⣬תǿжǽǿеĳֱһȭλǿ߾ֵ׺ݻ˹ȥ
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һڱѪҽһλǿҲŵ˳ȥս

¶һйԽԽ죬ҲԽԽݡ
ǣκβɭޡ
ɭ޾ǺҹеӰУнӵµľ磬֮䣬ɭѾڵ¶˵ϻ˺üӡ
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⡭
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˿̣ȫҲϢտսλǿߵʱشȴһӾͽӶŵʮλǿ߸ˣյķҲʵ̫˰ɡ
ǺǣֵܣǹȻûʧƷϷЦݣǲʵǿˣһ˷֮ǰѹȷʵʵʱˡ
ˡ
¶ɫȻеĳȫĵġΪƷû뵽ʵˣһʱԵ¶ǵĴͦġ
һ¶Ѿ׿䣬þòŷӦİϲӶŻʤĴǿ֮У
һ
ԭĳ棬ٴαҵĻ
Ȼ⻶£ǰȻͦأһǿҵУһǲƷˣԼʵӶš


799 ӥVS
ӮˣӮˣĦ˹ԵüΪļ
ӮˣԼͷ
Ҳ˰λֵܵİ˹ŰɭЦЦҲŰ˵ʵȥԸɭ޵Ļκһ˶ѶԸ
ɭ޵һЦҲǵһμչЦݡ
漴Ӷűеľ뿪˾˺ĵĴҲǿѡ
ڣǿѡʹ˽ˣǿӶŽһϵʱ䣬뿪Ӷ㳡
յıԣȷʵֵûζ
׵ǿӶ⣬ڸǿҲͬһЩǿӶţӶţᶼʥǿѹ
ԣյľ˵ûôˡ
˺ӶصסԺֱ֮Ʒ𸮵ʱռСϾյսҲȷʵÿ˲ٵʱռв㹻ʱָ״̬
ȻƷҲûоʹֹͣڴռƷִ洢һ֮󣬱ֻصʱռн
űѡӶҲҪӶˡӶŵλн˹ߣƷ絹η壬ֻƷӶŻǿ߳δ֪ǿߺпܾǳģԲΣƷ綼Ҫ֤Լ񾳺ܹӶ֮Ļ
עѰġ
գĴǿѡˣ˭ܻøأ

峿Ϯء
Ӷ㳡֮УѼȺܱ߿̨ǽӶŶһսⰻȻӣʱӭսǿߣϯ̨ϡ
AʱϳаЩǿҲµÿһľΪӶʵ
̫ˣֿԿʵľˣ֪ǿЩӶأ
ǺǣǿأҾӶӶŶȲʤȯģӥӶŵĻϾӶͬһ飬ӶĻΪӥӶźȡʤİա
ǻ˵ӶӶűʥǿ򣬽ǿ⡣

Ⱥ֮Уʼҵţ඼ǷǳӶӶš
ųҪλ˵Ļȥ𣿡һλͻȻǰ쳽˵
ǵĻǵȻðǵʦ˵Ļȥ쳽ĻصȻܲʣҲӶ֮Ĳࡣ
Ҳֻˡε̾Ϣһʵô᲻ء
ǵĶȻӶţ˵ҲһС鷳ֿʥǿѹ󡣲ΣҪѡȨҲԲܾˣ쳽ɫᶨ˵
ûΣһսҶȫȥսս˵
쳽̸֮ȻԶƷȴһҲΪ쳽ǸеˣֻӵһݲηǿƵս⣬ʵŻ᲻ϵ
һ£
ٴ˾УӶ㳡Ű
˶٣Դգ鶼ѵǿҲǿһʵıԡյսĸӶŻǸǿأȣɵһĵһԿʼӥӶӶŵĲѡ볡
䣬ȫ㱩˼ҵĻ֮
ڿ̨·֮ӥӶŵһ󱲾ӢȻǿҵĶ־˳Ŀע֮£緢̤ټĽǶ
ǳӶŵ볡ˡֵǣһγӶŵֻλǿ볡ΪıӶŵϲһЩʵǿӶţȻʤˣıԣӶ㣬λǿλҲԱ
ȻӶŲֻλǿ߲
ʱ˵ľ֮£ֱ̨֮һ⣬һλɫϷӰھУλǿǰм֮ҫŵ⡣
û˱ǳӶŵųų⣬ӵʥڼʵ
Ʒüͷһ塣
ʥǿߣųӥӶ鷳ˡĦ˹ﾪ
ǺǣҪɳҪ鷳ƷЦЦ
ɡܶԸ𣿡Ħ˹Ȼʡ
ֻҪΪˡƷ絭ȻЦ
Ħ˹΢΢ͷȫעȥ
Ϊһʥʥ֮սӥӶͷܷͣԸӵʥǿĳӶأ
ʱ쳽ҲأҲǵʥǿĶ֡
λСĵ㣬ǼһﲻöԸ쳽ѵ
쳽磬кμƻ𣿡Сʡ
λʥǿߵʵûдﵽܿµľ磬ҿǿʹó߲㵶ҲܹʱסǼһڴ֮ǰһҪĽλǿߣЩǱлʤĻˡ쳽һ֣ص˵
ã˾ͽǰɣ˳ͷνλǿߡ
ǣȴһĲм˵ӥӶŵͷͣϳӶſɲһȺӵ
ߣӥӶţʤΣҪҷӣҪô˹һݡ
ӥӶŶʵӶţӥӶܷսʤѾõĳӶأ
ţ˫Ա뿪ʼɣ
˵꣬Ӿ¡
ɫ䣬һϣ
˵꣬λǿ߱еĳǿҵϹ⣬ڵĳ쳽ǵȥ
ǣϣ
쳽һ͵Ľһ𵶣ȫȼܵһڵĶעһУ쳽ΪףȻӭλǿгȥ
ˣ
ɫһһ˫˫ӽžϵһĻ
̶ʮ׵ľ룬˺ܿˡ
Ȼ͵쳽Ǽλǿ߽֮ʱ쳽ͻȻԾֳһ𵶣Ƶλǿߵ󣬶Գųȥ

λǿһû뵽쳽ȻһѡǵųΪ֣һʱһ¡
ʱ򣬷˵ȴڵı
ǵĶǣŭһеĳɨμϮһĽ
˴󾪣ִ֮£׷ӭֵ
һ
ǿһֱмλǿߣȻ޹⣬ȴһǿ;ı㽫λǿ߸ݺݵ˳ȥ
ת֮䣬˵ɱ˵Ȧ֮С
˹ǿͣһֿסһλǿߣת֮䣬һȭֳһλǿߵֱһȭ

ǱеĽǿʹһȻ˸һȭˣȫ
ɱ
ŭһһӽһλǿ֮ӥӶŵѹѾûˣֱλǿӲӲĲ
ʱ쳽ڿգһɿֲĻ֮ӿһӴĻ棬ȶǿ͵Ϣųȥ
ôôǿ
۵ɵúܴ󣬸оڱе쳽ƵǲϵǿƺѾҪͻƽ֮ˡ


800 ǿĽ
ϵ
ʱ쳽Ѿȫһˡ
ʵұʵǲ̫Զˣһеĳ⣬һ˵
ٷϻ쳽ɫһ־ǳŹһ𵶣һΣŭ汬ն
һ
ӴĻ棬ǵذĿ£쳽֮УնŰǿĻˡ
ΣҲ쳽ܹȶﵽѾõ¯ľ硣ǿᵶʩ֮£쳽նҲ˽ʮﵽ˽ʼʵ۷塣
ƣҲǲҴ⣬ĻеĳһߣھԵǰκε似õģ
͵һ£һֱնȥӶʱ仮һ޴ɫâӭ쳽һ
䣡
һǿҵ֮죬ɿµײǿҵĳ֮£ǿ͵ˣǹ֮ĺɨܴ
Сģ
˾һ˵ڵеȥֵסǿ˳
κΣɳʵ̫ǿˣӿĺХһ㣬ϵ˶û
λǿ߳ĵֵȴǱˣӥӶŵˣȴǱݺݵıȱƵ˾еıԵѾս
䣡
һֲ˳ػ֮УصƵ
ˣǳԾһƬ쳽ͽǽʼʵΪλ˿µرǵֱδţ쳽ﵽʥĻһͲֹˡ
ϧʵϵĲ࣬쳽޷Ըһ
˻쳽оѾֿȫһɾҵķ֮ھҵĲţѪסҪѪˡ
ӿĻ֮УȵϢƵ˾üΪķ꣬һøҹˣ
˵꣬⽣͵бΪǿҵ⣬ӿһǿӲֱӽ쳽˳ȥ
һ
쳽һУȫ͵һ𣬺ݺݵĵ˳ȥ
쳽磡˾һ
ˣ
ĲҪᵽɤϾ쳽ɲʥǿ߰˸߶ȵĻ޴ǵھĻҲ͵ǰˡ
ˣһϯ̨ϵĻ˹ҲǸһǵȻϣ쳽ôˡ
Ʒȴһƽ쳽˵ĻҲ׷Ʒһ̵ˡ
ۼ쳽Ҫ䳡֮ʱ
͵һ£쳽ͻȻʩչӾȻڿתϾȻһǿĳ֮һϯء
һ
쳽һŵأڴŴ͵ȥˡ
һ쳽أҲһһƬȲ֮
쳽磡ģ˴Цһ漴ͷͷλǿߣһֵҷʱˣ
ӥӶŵҲֻʣ쳽뷲ڷսˡ
˵꣬˾Ƕһˣֱӭսλǿߡ
˵˿λ꣬λǿ߿ɲСӷ˵ʵҲȫӭ
ݣݣ
һһ޹ɫĽ⣬ȴޱȵǿᣬеĽ׽ټһĹλǿ߶ԶԸƵʧȥȨ
ϯ̨ϵЩǿߣҲϸĵĿųеս
Ǻǣλ޷ϵʹõǲЩϤأаͻȻЦ
սʿǲڴ½е似˽࣬Ȼ۹ǿһЩ˶ֻǳĬѡ
֪аָأ˹Цʡ
ҲϷһЩ²ѣΪϷ򷢾ⳡϵʹõƺӶŵĳЩϼȻЩ𣬵ҲԶˡаص
⻰ҲֻȻĸо˵ĻӥӶӶŵһЩȷʵмƣټƵ˻ɴ˼ǲͬһӶţ˵ͬһ
½ڶ࣬Ҳ֣Ҳˡ˹ȻһЦ᲻ֻ֪ǲȥȷ϶ѡ
ǺǣҲɡаЦЦۿųеս
ʱ˶λǿߣ·硣
쳽ӣоǳһ㡣
ߣɲܱģһʶһʲôŽĵ쳽һһȫٴγȼ˹һڵٴοӿţ֮ǰҪԽӵǿʢ
òǡƷһ㶣Ϊľϲ
޾ɫ˵һҲǶɵģ뽣ʥ˲ǽһ֮ǼֱصĲ࣡
쳽Ĭԣȫȫһ£ŭų⣬иʹõעһСһбͬԵĴ̼֮£һеȶȱԽԽǿ쳽ͷĳֱԶŵĻ֮㡣

ⰵ쳽ϵɱɱѾͻƵ˽ӵеĲΣⲻܣ
ǿ
ϯ̨ϵЩǿҲסˣ˵似ǿû쳽ֿµĵȻʹõʥΣʵ̫ˡ
ÿµĵ˹۷䱦Ľ쳽мΪ쳽һǿĵ

ƷΰҡҡͷȻ쳽ܹԽʹ⵶еˣǿĹע֮£ⳡӶֻһѵ鷳Ҫˡ
û취쳽ǾʢҲƷȥֹġ
ɫأ쳽ʩչǿĵ֮£Ѿ˹ơ
ǣΣⶼܰܣһǿߣԺڴ½
ţ𳤽ڵעڽ֮У۵⣬𳤽ʮ
һ£Ҳ׼ȫӭսˣҲһαһǿ߱Ƶ˵زʹʤˣҲܵĪ衣
⣬ѻƬ
뽣ʥͬǷʥһĲ࣬쳽ȴǴһޣǿӲ似սԵʵߡ쳽ˣҲܵˣƾһҲ㹻½ˡ
ɣСӣһѱ
СӲҽеģǿҪ۵ģ쳽һľеһ𵶣һĳ֮
Ȼ֮䣬쳽ٴն𣬽Ƴ֮Ծܴﵽĸ߶ȣнʮ֮ߣһϵա
¿֮նλǿߣλҰ䡣
ƣƺѾ쳽ƴ
һ̣ȫĿ⣬ȫȫĻ۵쳽һϡԽ˽ʼĵܹﵽοµǿأ


801 ħ¶
˿̣˵ľĿע֮£쳽ⶼѾϡ
ƷҲǺ쳽ǿʩչ߶εȻбʥ򼶵ʵʥǿ߱Ļмġ
ΣƷ֪Ȼ
ವһ
쳽ĳٶȺܿ죬Яӿһ
߶Σԭ
쳽һȣ͵һ
Ȼ֮䣬͵һ֮УȻûһֻ޴Ļ
ˣ
˴󾪣ǻûĻ̬оǴ˵еޣˡ
ʲô
ɫ֮ͣ𾪲ѣδ˵һŪ޻γ
Ⲣ޾ʹη͵ĳѾõĳȫնȥ
ƺоǰλСƣǻ˻һӿſµ𣬿Ҳﵽδеĸ¡쳽ǻûĻΪһ壬ֵȥ
̼䣬һ˫˫ӣȫ۵ڳеϡ
𣡡
ŭһһ϶ž޴ɫ⻡ӭǻ
ʱӴײ֮ʱǻſϸļ죬ХһӴӱ㱬ըΪһƬ档
䣡
ϱһֲıը֮죬һɾ˵ھϿӿ˿ȵĻ£̼סƬ
ڷܶеķ˵˴󾪣ϵĹƣ׷ὣӭ
ȴûҪŹλǿߵ˼λڻˣŭһ֪Ӻһ׾Ƿıƽλǿߵǰ
һ̣λǿ߸޴ӷӦ
˺һֱҲλǿǰϲźὣ˹ȥ
һ
ǽǿһУʹĴһֱӱƵ˾⡣
ת֮䣬͵ֱƵһλǿߵǰһֺỮ˹ȥ
λǿһִ֮£һӭ˹ȥ

ѤĹ⻪ǽǿ˼
͵һ£ǰһʵʵİλǿߵؿС
ǽǿɫ䣬ϧѾˡ
飡
һ֮죬ӿɢĻ֮Уλǿ߿ֱ˸ɵ˳⡣
ò˵λҲʵ̫ǿˡ
䣡
Ͽյĳ֮ȻšޱȵĻǺ˰ĴŰϵķоΣҲ˲俪ֹסɻ˵ĳھˣǿеĸоǻĸ¡
˲ɻ˵ĳڵھһ磬ٽھıԵʼӭŻ˵ĺϮ
ʱڻĳ֮У쳽Ľһ
һ¶̫ߣϵѾʼƬͷϵķ˿Ҳյ˺ЩŵǶĵսζ
Ⱪŭе͵ǿ˼֣ݺݵ쳽ѹȥ
쳽ȫƴκλ޷й⣬һɰԵķ֮ѹ쳽ȫĽѾﵽٽˡ
ߣǰܣҲ׵İ쳽һĻ̼۵һмеĻ֮͵ƴһ
䣡
ֲıը֮ٴ𶯣ӴĻ˲㱬ɢΪһƬһƬ

쳽ʹһѪֱӵ⣬ֵȺ׷ɢ
쳽磡˴һϧѾزˣֻǷԵüΪķŭ
ͬ쳽ǿʹһ𵶷߶ε֮󣬳Ҳûֵˡ
һ
׹ڵأ˺üһŵأЩվȣɫ
һȻͬ졣
ȫһƬȻ쳽ǰˣǱ˳⣬һ˵˳⣬ʵȫ汻쳽ͻƵʥ֮ʵֻж¡
Ŀ̨ϵЩAӶŵӶϯ̨Щ˸ȹâǿߣ쳽ղʩչһ۷ˡ
ͻӶŵǺǣĿõ쳽չֳǿʵ֮󣬱ƨҷһˣ֮ǰ˵ҪȥӥӶţֱ
öϵĻʧ
ھϣֻʣ³뷲ˡ
ʱĳ⣬ȴԵޱȵǱȻһǿ߸Ūˣֱܵ˼衣
ߣļһһ۳վ쳽תͷŭķˣȻ̺ܶǳӶŻǻⳡսʤ
ûлشֻǺܷŭսȭͷ˵㾹Ȼ쳽磬ȻŪôԱҾԲŹ㣡
ǺǣҲ̫Ц˰ɡһЦвСӣⳡѾˣĻ˳ɣ
ûأһһٵĺ˫۷˹ĺ⣬ȫھҵĳ鶯ţǱڵһɿµʼڱ

һϯ̨ϵЩǿ߸Ŀ࣬ѲҲǿʵ
ˣ
Ʒҡͷ뿴һĻǳˣӶУΪ˶ý񾳵ʸƷֲȥֹȥĻڷŭķҲԲȰġ
ûǿħ仯˾ȻƵʹÿħˡ
ⲻüͷо˷ڵǿһֲԤӿͷ
ɣصеĳʣڳ֮С
һĻȴȫ־ˡ
ʱǿƱ֮£СӾȻʼţ˫۷ŹѪ⣬˫ȭգϾȻȼһǿҵѪ⣬һޱȵаϢӿɢ˿
⡭ʲô⾪סˣаϢϮ֮£ͻȻоȫ
𣡡
Ұްͷŭһ˵ľ֮£ȻһĹ

ȫϢһӶŵһĻһ˾Ȼ˹
ħȻǿħаŵĵɴ˫ۡ
һǿħ˹ҲǷӦңת֮䣬ɫֱޱȵĳء
ħ½д˵ǿ壬ҲǴ½Ϊɵû뵽½оȻ˿ħ֮塣
⡭ʲô⾪ֵĵɴ˫ۣǰ֮ʱѾסˣѾơ
ŭһ޴ӳ̤ŵ棬ص˿Ӱٶȣĳųͳȥ
ۼ˾Ҫ֮ʱŷӦ˹
ϧѾˡ
ὣֵ֮ʱֻǿӲ޴ȭͷųеĳǾʯݺݵ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ȫҵһǿĹѪֱӱҷɵ⡣
һֻһķ˾Ȼ˲˳⡣
˳ХһԸԳ޴ӿʼСΪԭӣȫ㡣̫ƣۣŹڵأڴŴ
ϾħĻҲҪķѴġ
С
쳽ʹ˾Уϵ۹ס˷ˡ
̧ͷɫе쳽һЦ쳽磬ûʧɣ
ĺܰЦЦһĸж˱ŭҲΪԼ
Ʒ翴Ļοͷϯ̨ϵЩǿߣߣǱ¶˿ħ֮ΣֻҪڣ˭˺ߵˣ


802 Ȩ
ѵһսӥӶŻʤ
쳽ǿĵ뷲ǿֲıһ֮У½
Ͼʵ̫ˣܹﵽ츳Ʒ磬Ҳֶá
ţ쳽Ǳ뿪˾׼һıԡ
ʱϯ̨ϵЩǿߣ˼һ쳽ӵǿµĵʧǧĿħѪܹﵽ˾磬Ǳˡ
˹Ҳɵӣڼʶ쳽˵ʵ֮ﲻòˡ²⣬˱ǿߣܻܿǴ½еЩߡ
˻ٴУǵһڶıԣӶӶŵĲѡ볡
ͬһڴս
Ӷţ˵ӦʱǿӶţϾӶſλʥǿѹ
ӶŵʵҲųźǣʥڼʵ
Ǳžλʵﵽ˽ʼʵв£Ʋ̤˾
һΣӶҲͬûгʮλԱǲλʥǿߣֱѪѪиճѪ£Ѫλ긾ŮƲڴ½һλŮܹʥǿҲࡣ
һѪ볡ɫأȴǺ޾ɫȻӶŵʵǿǺӶҲܷģ
ѪһƽںƵĻҲ޶ãһ㲻Ͷַϻһʵȥ֤
˶׼ã˳˾Կʼ
䣬Ѫ˫һ裬ϽȻǿҵ⣬Ӵֱǵӿѹȥ

һĲ¸ǳĵֵ粽С
û취ʵĲࡣ
ߣһȺһ͵ĳеĳɫ⣬ֱѪгȥ
ٶȣʵ̫ˣ

һնȥѪѪͬʱһס˺ǣǿĳš
ò˵ȷʵǰԵһ˶ԱѹѪѪ𣬲¡
Ǻ죬Щﲿºȵæ𣿡
һ㶣ŷӦ˹
ٵһ£Щǿߣ׷׳еĳǿҵϹ⣬ںǽеѪ¶˳ȥ
ⲻ֪һϵӰȴǵЩ˵ǰѪ
Ϊһ޶𣿡ѪһὣȻ
ͽȻ֮䣬Ӷ֮£һ޴ɫâȻΣӭǳеľλǿϮ˹ȥ
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ѪѾ߱ʥڼʵôЩССĽʾֵܵأ
һ
һƬҽ֮ǿĳֱ֮ӴݻЩʳƣ׷׵˳ȥ˾⡣
ת֮䣬Ѫֳֳں
һɫе͵ǿ˼֣һһҫ۵âֱӽѪ¶˸˳ȥ
ǾǻѪŭȥ
ƣѪȴǺ޾ɫΪ䵭վԭزеĳȴ˵ţɱȻơ
͵һ£ѪǰŭһѪӱնȥ
ݵһ
ĳһѪȴǱһӰʧ

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ݣݣ
Ľƣձ˵ѪѪȴǲ֪ʱӵ˺ǵͬʱֱһնȥ
ǷӦ͵һתƾоһȥ
һ
һסѪĹȴûеסѪµĹϬĳݺݵںǵлһӡ
쵰ŭһеĳ͵һƣֱѪ˿ȥȻڳһƣݺݵĳѪµϻȥ
ѪµȻɫͬӭһơ
飡
ѪԵвǣ˼
һˣս𣬻еĳ׼ֳȥ
ͻȻ֮䣬һѱĳȴƾնְļ˺ǵĲ֮Уű㴫Ѫý˰ɡ
͵һ£Ѫ˺ǵ֮͵̧һƣӶŵˣ븶һЩۣ
㣡Ǿֵĵɴ˫ۣŵĳȴû룬һʱ侹ǲ֪Ӧ
飡
һǿҵ֮죬ѪһƳĴ˺ǵؿ֮С

һʹУѪǿϮ֮УǷɵҵ˾⣬Ⱥֶɢ
̶̼ӵʱ䣬Ӷűˡ
ȻѾû뵽ǿĺӶŶһӰӶŵС
ֻǣӶŵֶ̫ˣѾˣû뵽ѪҪݺݵȥ˺һѡ
ȻǷӦÿ죬һ˵ĻҲ⵽ѪһƵĹˡ
ţʤ֮ѪǱޱ뿪˾ĺ񲻰˶һ㡣
һԣڽˣζҲҪĹ֮ˡ
ʱٴߵ˾ϣȣڴףٴνӶӥӶţĹ֮ʽĹߣӶӥӶŶɳһλ볡ıԣʤֱ߽ӽǿ
˶٣ֵˣھӶŵĴ
ϷɣһϵɫĽ˹˾һ˫Ӳɨһ쳽ǡ

һϯ̨ϵЩǿҲüͷһ塣
ӥӶŵʵȻǿҲûҪԽ˹ǿΪҲ̫ӥӶ˰ɡ
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ƷǱ߷հЦݣȻںǮĻƷͻһԡ
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806 аľ
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ߣһǧѾˡƷһ˵ӶҲǿҲȱܹǰλʱзĽҹ鴫ȥĻӶŲʧǿԽһغӶŵأҲûһǧҵĻҲֻܲ˼ˣҲûӶţĹ߻Ӷţֻǲôʧһֶѡ
⻰˹ŭѣΪ˱סҹ֮²ȥ˹Ҳֻʱѡˣǿŭ˵ãҹԵϷùϷòôֽ𣬵Ӷ֮ϷԻ㣡
ҲϲˮӶŵҲãûһǧҵĻֻܲ˼ˡƷ˼һҪְӡ
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˹һ漴۰ֳһϾĨȥߵʶӹƷ磬˵һǧˣˣ֮ҲΪֹ
ƷӹϾһǧʮĽңһЦǺǣû⣬¾͵ûλԱɡ
˹һ۽Ʒ˵Сӣ裬֮ض黹
ˣЩԺ˵ɡƷԵòͷĻֵ
ߣߣ˹һӳ䣬ͬŭѪ뿪˷䡣
˹ߺ쳽ǱɫΧ˹
ʦղҲ̫ˣϼһԱﻹʹ죡쳽Ц
ҼʱȻΪӹһ𣿡Ʒһ쳽ɫá
ǡǣǵӵĴ쳽æͷŵһ亹
ԭЦŵģһƷ˲֮ɫϽ첻ˡ
쳽˻֮̿ɫƷЦǺǣǽıֻͦģֻǵʵѾ¶ˣǾʱɣΪҵĵĲֻӶš
ǵӵĴſɵʦô鷳˵
鷳⣬ǲ֪鷳ʲôʱƷĳ̾һ
Ʒ㽫쳽УصԭڵĴԺ
û취쳽ǿĵǷǧ긴յĿħѪ֮壬Ѿǿߵע⣬Ϊ쳽ǵİȫƷֻ߼ȥ

ʱֵĴ֮С
˹һŭжߣסȺֱӻɨ衣
ųѵǾô𣿡ѪʵĳŽ˹˵
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˵ӶŵλųʵȷʵףֻǰһֱûѪ˵
УС˭ѲɻǴ˵Ķ֡ѪһѪ
ߣӶҲЩͷʱ䣬Ǿͺúȥһ°ɡ˹һֵܾô²򵥣Ϸȥϵһ´ˡӵпħѪ֮ˣҲӦûܸȤġ
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Ѫ΢΢ͷʧ˴֮С
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˹΢΢ͷһ˵˴Ӷ᲻ͬ죬һпɶҪСġ
᳤ħѪ֮ĳ֣ǻЩ鷳һɫ
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ҪϷǡаҡҡͷŻ˹˵᳤˴ӶᾹȻ˿ħѪ֮壬᳤ӦúѪڴ½ǽɵģϷҪõһݹӥӶӶŵڲϣȻɽ
ߣӶֳʲôϵ˹һ
ϷӶ֮һЩ⡣аհĻص
ӥӶ漰˿ħѪ֮壬ӥӶŵڲϣӶžԲУϾҲֻĻɶѡ˹صʵҲ翴˹ӥӶŵעϣ˼һЩ֮⣬Ҳûʲô
᳤̫ðɡа˫ӹһ⡣
аľٶѾӶ˼Ӱ죬ܸӥӶŵڲѾǸˣϣܹء˹޾ɫ˵
ܺãӶᲢǺڰ͢аɫ
סֻһӶᣬΪӶڵĹᡣֻӶӶ֮⣡˹˵
аŭû뵽˹ǾȫԼӣ漰֮ӶᣬаҲû̫֣ðɣϷҪӥӶŵϣ˳ѻ᳤½ʧȥӶĻӶǲӦûִأ
ǵӶʧȥ˵Ա㣡˹صǿеŭ
ϷˣٻᡣаĴЦһҡڵ뿪ˡ
аߺ󣬰ŭ᳤аҲʵ̫Ӷ˰ɣ
ߣӶŲ˼򵥡˹һ˵֮ǿ֮ض񾳿ú׼һ°ɣӶϣҲֻѹˡ

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û뵽̶յʱΪ˿ħѪ֮ı¶Ѿǿߵע⣬ѾʼӥӶŵ⡣
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ȻƷǿҲˡ
ƷҲ֪Ӷ֮ᷢʲô飬ӥӶŲǾȫġ
ڣѰڹȥˣڴǿ֮Ҳ׼Ҫʼˡ
Ӷ㳡֮УȺڶ࣬С
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ǣڴĵȻ񾳵Ŀˡ
񾳵ĿҪܹһսлSӶŵĵȼһʤδܴﵽΪSӶŵǱضȡ񾳵ʸǿɾźˡ
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ǺǣȷʵǸϢ˹һЦ
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뵱꣬Ӷ̩֮ɭͳӶ֮ʱʱǱ͢ʱܹΪһӶǶǷǳٵ顣
ϧԴӶ֮֮ӶɢˣӶǽסջãӶҲòǿߵıӻ
м飬˹ҲԵüޱȣˣΪӶϣǿ֮ʽʼĸӶŵĴǰǩѡĶ֣
˵꣬˹оȻĿŰɫħΪʾƽĿħرħħע֮ʱʾͬɫΪ졢̡סҲ˵ɫΪһǩɫΪǩɫΪǩǺޱ仯ıΪĺǩսĶַ飬һһ飬Ϊĺһ飬λ˳ǩˣ
Ȱɣһϵ𣬽˹Уߵ˻˹ǰùһħ̱ħע
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ԪӶ붾ӶŵˣȴһңζҪֱ̬ӶŶԾˡ
ΣԪӶ붾ӶŵҲдϳǩԪӶųȡħΪɫҲĺǩӶͬ顣󶾷ӶűһǩˣӶͬ顣
ǩϣ˹ִˣǿӶŶѳǩϣһΪӶӶţڶΪӶԪӶţʤ߽Ĺ֮ڣһӶ볡
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808 VS
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ˣǶӶŵĴų˹븱ųء
˹ӵʥڵʵλʥǿߣҲΪԵӶţٶ¶õģ͸ɴֻϳˡ
ţӶŵ볡
ಣಣ
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ϢԽءԭѾ˸ˣѪ˹ʵƺ൱˭ܻ˭˭ͻʤߡ
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ת֮䣬ѪٻһȭĴ˹ؿС
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˹ʹһֱӱڵأһѷĳֱԼ
Ѫޱ˵ˣ


809 սʥ
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ˣλѾʶһʵıԣڶıҲʼˣԪӶӶŵĲѡ볡˹
Ȼ䣬ȫִﵽ˷е㣬ȺĻš
ͬһڴıԡ
ϾһӶԵĶʵףΪԪӶпǾ߱λʥǿߡ
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һٶȷʵǺܿ죬Ҳ˵Ԫ۵ķӦǿ
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ⲻ֪Ʒָ죬Ԫ۸ճ֮ʱƷǿһƱӭ˹
һ
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Ԫ۾ֵĸӦ֮УպձһɿֲԵ

Ԫʹһ˱㼱ٵ˾Уǿҵһ档
磡
ԪԪﾪһƷȥ
ݣݣ
һĽâ˻δӽƷϵʱ򣬱Ϯ˹ȥ
Ʒ޾ɫҲ㣬ֱ˫ƣڶŹƣֱӽЩϮĽâһһ
˿ĿɿڴƵĽâȻܱ⵽ʲô
а亹۲ƷãûʹκεĶֻ˵˵֮ΪǿᡣҲ̫̬ˣһ˵Ȼܹǿȡ
ȻҲһֿܣǾƷѾﵽ˿µľ磬ԸԪǸͲʹʵ
ಣಣ
ŭѵԪԪѾ嵽ƷǰĬͬʱӳеĳ׼ĶƷӺն˹ȥˡ
Ʒһ㣬˫Ħеķ϶й˹ȥһƳĴԪؿ֮С
ת֮䣬ƷֿٵƵԪڳһȭʵʵĳ˹ȥ
飡飡
պʹУԪԪը˵֮С
ţƷԪˣȻһЦ˼ôͰˣ
Ļ⻰ȫѾ㵵ĿҪϢλʥǿߣôʱ䣬ȻƷһһˣȫһƬ𺧡


810 ױǿ
Ԫֵܣ׵İƷ
ߣһصʵͦģ˵˭أǿ߰ɣа鰵ţɫΪأҲһѲļһ
Ц⣬Ʒʤ֪Ȼ
սʿᡢħ̻ᣬλ߶ڷ׷ײ²ƷݣҲаһ㣬ܿ˻Ǵ½еǿߡ
ǿߣڴ½мΪرɶǧǱ޵Ϲʵǿ񼶻ǿߡ
ȻǿߵĸޣҲһرĵطħҲǲ࣬ڴ½ĳصĵطǿǱ޵ĵطҲ֮ء
Щǿһ㲻ôӶأҲֻһ󵨵Ĳ²ѡ
ڣӶӶŶĹ֮ҲһӶ֮
ıԣҲǶӶԪӶŵĶԾʤߣñӶĵС
ţ˹ϾһԵĿʼ
ͬеıҲԸʽһʤ
ǣԪӶŵԪ˿ɫǺܺÿʵĻԶӶŵʱͺˡ
ϾӶŵĴų˹ʥǿߣԪκһ˶Ҫǿࡣ
һεĴΪԪӶŵųԪ붾Ӷŵ˹
һ볡ʱ򣬱սⰻȻǹϵ˵УԻ÷ĽҪǻܻһSӶ
ԪҲʾԪӶѾSˣֻҪõSζSӶҲӽˡ
ţʽʼʱ
͵ģԪ˹ڵսһţͬҲǼޱȡ
˹ȻռƣԪۼڶԺԪӶϣѾǱ˹ˮ֮ս
ֻϧʵĲⳡע˶֡
ھʮӾʵսԪۻǸ۵İˡ
˹ĶӶռӶеλá
˵ս֮ȫΪڴľҲҪʼˡ
ʱ˹ٴߵ˾УΧһۣˣӶѾĽ׶ΣҲĹ֮ô˭ŻĹأڣӶӶŵĲѡ볡
Ȼ䣬ȫըԵ˼ҵĻ֮մﵽǰδеĸǡ
Ŀ֮£ƷĽھС
ףף
⿪ʼҵĴš
ҲɫƷӮӶţǱܻһӶŵĹھ
룬һһӶţڶ̶֮ڣȻѾӶĶʵ
һսˡȤζЦ
Ǻǣλ֪Ϊ˭ʤأаͻȻЦʵ
аһӶŵͦȤġ˵Ȼص
Ǻǣ˴˱˴ˡаЦЦ۽ųƷ磬˵Ϸ˻ʤĻȽϴ󡣡
һмаڨĬ
еڴ֮£ӶŵĴѾ볡ˡ
˹ƷЦһЦ漴Ӷڵķ棬ӶŵĲ볡
Ȼӹɵģ˵Ŀⶼ̼۵˽˹ϣ˵ӶŵĴѡǽ˹ˡ
˹ޱ飬
ֻǣ˾㵵ǣ˹䵽УǸպ˾ıԵȺ֮С
Ʒüͷһ塣
Ҳɻ󣬲֪˹ν⡣
˹ЩõʣλųνӶŵĲ
˴εĲǵų˹ɫƽĻصǿЦӡ
ų
⻰ȴȫסˣԺﶼһʺš
ûϷ򲢷ӶŵĴųˡ˹ŪذЦ
ǺǣǿɾǵĴų˹ЦҲǺ档
аȴüͷѲӶҲǿĺ̨
ɻ֮УͽȻ֮䣬һɿֲѹεƱƵƬնһ㡣ľѣоؿƺѹſʯͷһ㣬٣ܲѡ
ǿļһа
˾͸˵ǳԾѣѹʵΪܣӶ㳡
񣿣
Ʒɫһ׼Ҳ⡣
û뵽ﻹܼѣаþòһʵ֮УȻֳһɫӰ
һλɫӣĿ࣬ŨüۣĿ䣬ƲͶ֮䣬һɾ˵ϡ
˵λǰǿߵĻǾǰǿеٮٮߡ
һλİĽӣΪ󾪣ڳλǿߵĶرŵĵɫâӵһ
ƷɫأӾǱеĻҪ£û𽣵ĻȥԸһ
˹Ⱦѣû뵽ӶŵĻųȻ˵õҹȻλǿߣΪûʵǿ
˹Ӷŵˣηǽӡ
λɫԵΪѿӶпǳλǿߣ˵͢Ĵ治ʲôˡ
аɫ۽ǽӣ컢Ȼ㣡
ʲô컢
˹Ϊ󾪣ǲš
컢廢ǿ֮ס
ν廢ҲǰѴﵽʥ۷弶ʵλǿߡֻʱ˴ﵽʥ۷֮󣬱ͬʱʧ˴½֮С
û뵽ʱ꣬˵е廢Ȼˣλų廢֮׵ǿ컢ȻӶŵĻų
ģô˹һʼн컢ʵɲ⣬аҲ֣񾳿Ļ˵Ӷ֮Ļᱻá
Ʒ絹ǲ壬Ҳ㹻񾳵ʸ񡣾컢һͬ񾳵ĻƷеĴռд洢ǿԶԸ컢
ԣ컢ԼսĻƷᱣʵԿжԸ컢
һǰֵλǿߣȴǰΪƷеǡ
ʱɫ컢Ҷӣӯ£ѵˮһ㣬˫żھϣһ˫ĮӣĶƷ硣
ƷҲǺ޾ɫޱ򶨵ӭ컢Ŀ⣬Ʋ컢
컢һ߹һĨЦ⣬һЦǺǣ½йȻűֵܴ
СӣһᡣƷ絭Ȼص
һСӣԸ⣡컢ʴЦЦˣͷųһɿµƣȫȫƷ
ƷȻ壬ȻԵޱȣһλ֡


811 ĶԾ
ǿߣǿߡ
Ʒʵصģ컢ʵֱչֵģǿߵʵа˭컢Ķ֣
컢˵Ϊ𾪡ԼʵȻҲ޷͸Ʒʵоվǰֻһͨˣý˹η˻ͨ
ߣһҲ߰ɣ֮ظû컢һﲻϵڲ²Ʒݡ
λǿߵĶţƾƾȫˡӶ㳡Ȼû˻ҲûеǿһĿս
ϾһƷӣƺҲη컢ҲŹӲʵǰǿ߼սĻжֲܳܵ
ųˡ˹˵
컢о˹ͷŽ˹˵˹𣿡
컢е˼˹Ȼס
ǵġ˹΢΢ͷıһƷ磬հЦǺǣλֵܲǺǵų𣿽տһĺûᣡ
ǺǣӶŵųܱһЩСҪЩƷ缥һЦ
㣡˹۷ֱֲֳҷ
ЩΣ˹ͻȻǰ컢ЦǺǣ𣿡
û컢ͷ۽Ʒ磬ЦҶλֵܸܺȤҴӶһս
ǿɵüǿˡ˹һ֣ص˵λɶǳԽʥǿߵĶԾӶ֮˶ģǳܲס˵ˡ
ˡ컢˻֣˵ֻһѣ̫档˴λֵܾĻҵи⣬Ǿǲʹöȫƴ֮似һʤ
˵ţ컢ƷЦʵ֪λֵΣ
ǺǣȻû⣬ֻǵʱϣָܹˡƷЦȴַˣ֮Ļ컢˵˵Ҫǿ۽Ļ½лûܳԽԼ
ָ㵹ǲҵϣȫһս컢һ㲻߽ñʧ컢һɫ˵
ȻλѾͬˣⳡԵĹǲʹöκεΥֱ߽ȡʸ񣡡˹һɫ
Ϣļܲһ͵ˮƽ似ȶһλ˵ǿǴ洦
ţ˹뿪˾
ʱ컢ƷȻӡƺҪѱ˴˶͸һ㣬ٳδжֵ˼ɢȴˣ˭Ҳʾ
һֱǿˣаɫأԽӵĸеԭõ⣬оҲʧȥ˼ְա
ǿߣҲޱȹעⳡԡ
컢νǰǿߣ꣬ʵﵽǿ˭ҲλӶŵųأʵףҲܻ֮ܿĶǿߡ
ЩӶսδʼ㿪ʼʼٵļӿ죬Ķ켤˳
ɫǣϾƷԵĿǰϹ
ݵһ
ʣ컢лĳһѻɫĳһɿµĽŰȻŷĸǿĸӦ˵Ľ
Ʒ΢һ£Ҳ޾ɫվţ˿
Ȼ컢ֵΪһڰиƷĽʹǲĻҲܷӳ˽
˽ڣ̺һָȵϢӦڻԡ
컢ὣȻͦأ
ΪƷ
ƷЦЦ˫֣ЦǺǣûнҾ˫ҪȽҪʹһЩ
˽Ȼ㵡
ƷҲʵ̫ˣԵĿ컢ȳǿʵĶ֣ȻڳԲýʵ̫ˡ
컢⻰ɫãߣڿҵʵ𣿡
Ҳ˼ֻҲϰʹýһֱȭ䡣ģ˫ȭƵԲʧģƷЦЦϴżš
ߣҿɵҪúȭƵˡ컢һеĳ˽ʹǲʹƾҲɶԸʥ۷ǿߣټԼ似ΪѲɻһСӣ
ͽˡƷ繰һЦȴǰĥӦ֮ߡ컢ͣǸֵĶ֣ڲǰҪԸ컢ĻȷʵЩѶȡ
ҪǣƷ绹иƣǱʹʱҪƺã̫֣Ȼᱻʹǿɾÿˡ
컢ǿеĻƷ絹뵽һյȭͷǱǻơ
ƣԭмΪյһƷᣬȴǸᲢãɱֱߣʱ£һʱ֮ЧԴƷĹֶηǳ֮գĿҪرߡ
ڣԸ컢ǿߵĻҪյƷֻҪ컢ϰȭĻǾǿԺݺݵ컢һѡ
뵽ڴˣƷϷ˽Цݡ
컢һ£ܸоƷ統Цգ޺Լ˼컢ҲǲҴ⡣
Ϊǰȳְɣ컢ܴȰ˵ʵҲֻǿ͸ƷʵѣڲƷ繥ʽʱ컢ʱ֪γ
ǺǣҾͲˡƷһЦȭͷʹȭ̺ҲǼǿ
һ£Ʒ糯컢˹ȥȭͷ
ߣˡ컢ЦһƷļƣ似Ҳʵ̫ʧˣͨ߻ʲô𣬰Ǿһ˽㣡
뵽ڴˣ컢ͻȻĿһ衣
͵ģ컢ǰ̤һȻֻһһľȴ˲Խ֮ԶһӱѳеƷ
컢˵Ҳû˵ǽ˼һɱƷĺġ
ݵһ
ϬĳڸٵĦ֮Уȵ׻𡣴׻ǽΪ컢ҲûнڵĶ
һ磬ϬĽסƷؿڣǶӰ̽˹ȥ
ۼƷҪһеʱ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒ˫һңõ¯࣬ȵλλ컢ࡣ
ȭ
ƷһѾõȭͷ𣬺ݺݵػ컢
컢ɫ䣬ӦݣӦɱǿӲתȥȫƾоӭһơ
ȭƴͿƾеģƷȭ֮ȴǹӿǿһһĵ
һ
컢˵ľ֮£컢˾Ʒȭ֮Զ
Ʒݿն𣬷ں󴦣컢ʮ׵ľ룬Ȼ
νƴƷһȭ컢ȫһƬ


812 ȭƵ
ǿȭͷ
ɫȻŶ̶̼ӵʱ䣬Ʒͻ컢
˵ǲʹ£ҲҪһ˵似зӦ߱ʵϢϢصġ
˵ʵ컢ҲرԶ
ЩӶǾúϲ£죬컢ʢİǿ߰ôһ֮ͱƷˡ
ڣɲֻǳƷ磬ľء
ղһȭô£컢Ϊ󾪣ƷһȭʱоûôǿôһͽȻ䷭أȭҲʵ̫ˡ
ڣ컢ҲƷʵˣֻ似ĻǴĻпܻܸƷ硣
ߣյʲôȭ컢סʣƷ磬ղŻԼһȭ컢Ѿо衣
Ǻǣһȭô򵥡Ʒ絭һЦ˼ҲȷǾ޿ɷ档
һҾͿҵĽȭͷ컢һҲ֮ǰѺõ̬ȡ
ವһ
컢ӭƷֱ˹ȥеĻնţɨһεȽâϮƷ硣
ƷҶ㣬һȥӯÿһοƾޱȣȴָպյĶ˹ȥ
ˣһɵգоƷĶһ㣬Ȼ˹ȫܹ컢й
컢ΪŭһǾͿܲܶһ
͵һ£컢Ȼǰи͵ĻݺݵıƷͷնȥޱȡ
һٶȺܿ죬Ʒٶȸ졣֮ͬУѾܹԽƷˡ
һ
һһ㣬Ʒյ˿ȥӵ컢࣬˳ʮ֮Զ컢һεľ롣
ߣ
컢һ˫͵һţڿն𣬼ٵתš
ʱ컢תٶԽԽ죬µĻǼת֮УͽȻֳһ컢УǾ޴ӣ˾磬סƷڷΧݺݵĳ˹ȥ
Ʒ޾ɫҲûж˼
ţƷſγǿפ㣬ֻչһһһԲ˼
ȻֻԲٶͽȻ죬ǹԲ֮УƺһɹŹֶǿ
ȴǿȫɵˣ벻Ʒ˾ٶν⣬Ѳɾֻȥܵס컢ǿһ
Ʒǰ򶨵ӣƺǿЦ
һ̣аҲеľעƷǹʽϣҪȥ͸еĶ˶л̫ȭе
䣡
һ죬Ļ͵ĳƷ
Ʒ˫һŲͬת򡣱һˮһ㣬м䱻ضϵĻбʧȥԭеĹת
Ʒֵһǿһһһһһˣǻ֮ƾȻıƻˣĽ
컢Ϊɫʶ˲͵һͣĿһӱסƷؿڣȻǰһ壬ϬĳЯǿݺݵļ˹ȥ
ƷѲ²⵽컢һĹʽ͵ǽ漴ƽԼؿеʱƷͻȻһֱӴǴȥĳ˹ȥ컢ӡ

컢ɫ䣬ٵڳһ֣ŭһƻȥ
Ʒ粻Ųæ̽һ֣һƶŲ컢ȭۣȵһתڳһƣİ컢ؿ֮С
Ȼת֮䣬컢ҪһʱƷȴ˿ȥվԶΪհЦһЦ
컢ֱӰƷһƣ컢ȴȫɵסˣղƷһƵôԼϵʱȴһоûأ
֣ô£ѵʧ𣿡컢ɻ󣬲ƷһЦݣǵģһӵģ
ˣǿȫ⣬ղƷһѾӽףʹȫĻҲɻ컢ЩһƵôоСŮ˳һأ컢˵ֱһ㡣
֣֣ĺù֣аλǿҲȫĥ͸ƷղһƵ˼ѵֻǶ컢ľ
ļһ㣡컢ŭоǱƷˣתһ㣬廢֮װǿߣϷŪǴ֮أԼķš
͵ģ컢̧ͷһƷ磬ŭһٴλӶеĻֱƷɱȥ
ݣݣ
ÿһһһĺݣȻûʹö컢ʹû£ҲǱȣֻҪһⲻ̱컢ɱ
Ϊ컢ÿһγɶΪУȫƷλй
ֻϧ֮ͬУĻƷ¯ң컢ǺѻƷġ
ⳡһʼǿýζͱζˡΪ컢Ʒսʵ̫ˣƷƾų׿ϷŪ컢ûȥ컢潻˼Ʒȴֻʱʱ컢ϻһƣҲͬǺӰһơ
컢ȴǿ챻ˣһ˱ս֪Ʒ˰գʹʹƷʹʵһƴ
εǣԵĹѾˣǲɸıġ
˹ĻҲðоƷıȶҲʵ̫ˣȻƣϷŪ컢
أڳ֮УҲֻаһ˿˶
ӸղŽʮӵĴ򶷣аҲǿΪģϾƷҲǲġаȴȻ֣Ʒÿлᶼƻ컢ÿһƵģ˼õġ
ģ˶û𣿡컢һһŭն˹ȥȻӿɨһǿĽˡ
Ʒһƽ趯ֵƣǿ͵˱ѹ֮Уһɳ֮һȥһֱҪƵ˾⡣
컢˫һɣŭеο㻹ӣ
͵ģ컢缲һĳ˹ȥٱƵƷǰǿһնȥ
Ʒ𣬿ǰշ䣬컢ͬӭһƣİ컢ıϣһƣ࣡
ࣿ
컢סˣȫҲסˡ
ͻȻ컢͵һȫͻȻоһĹǶһ㣬ޱȵɢҡһʱ֮䣬ڵ߶
ƣΪյǣȫ֮޸оһʱ֮󣬻ҲзҲʩŻƵһƣЧƵǴƤһǶʱҲ޷ǷǳյƷʵĻֱ
Ʒ컢ʮֱ֮ʹһƣ컢㲻ˡ


813 ܴ̼컢
ô£ҡҵôᣡ컢ɫͻȻԴ߶ˣ־컢쳣ľ֡

а˴󾪣Ѳ컢춯ƺƷǹʽ
˾㶲ѣ벻׺ö˶˵컢ô˵Ĺ죿
Ǻǣ벻ɣƷһЦ°վ컢
컢ǷŭתӣƷСӣ㵽׶ҶʲôɵֶΣôҵ
˵ţ컢
ǻƵ֮߸̷ֻ֣ѾǱ˱ܹߵĹ֮ڣʽʱ򣬻ֶʱ޷ʹ
ǺǣҵĻƣҵ֮ڶʱȫƷ絭һЦɫһհ˵ԣˡ
˵꣬Ʒ̧һ֣컢һơ
㣡
컢һʱ仹޷߶ڵǾŭ֮£ӺĴӾݺݵˤȥ
ͨһ
컢ڵϣѾˡ
컢ʵ֪ͻȻıƷأЦǣ컢Ҳܵʵ̫˰ɣȻƷһ䵹˾⡣
ڿܻǽ֮ĵˣƷһ㲻컢ɫһǺݺݵĴһ컢
ųˣ˹һ컢˰Ҳš
£˹Ⱥг嵽컢ǰ̱㽫컢
õңҹ컢ŭһһֺ˦ȥ
ⲻ֪һ˦컢ͻȻָˡ
һ
˹һʱУǱĵ˳ȥ
컢һתŭЦƷ磬СӣҪٴһս
Ͼ컢ܵĪ裬ðǿ߾˶˵ǰ裬컢Ѿȫˡ
ಣ
컢ŽâŭУֱƷ˵һΣҪȫһս
ûȤοαԵĹ˵˵ģѲ㻹ΥԼ𣿡ƷĶǲм
ղʹõǱɵֶΣⳡԸͲ㣡컢
ɵֶΣƷһŭ컢ΪƣΪƵڹƤ⣬壬ҲǻƵľ֮㲻ƵþˣȻ˾似ڮΪɵֶΣΪɵĻҲû취ֻ˵֪
ұ죡컢࣬ʱܹ裬ŭղΣҶҪսһΣ
Ȼ㲻ĻǺðɣһս˵ұɣƷΰ̾Ϣһг˳ζ
£۷׷סԭ컢λǿߣû뵽Ǻ޴ȡ
컢޲ɱƷһ㣬ŭٷϻ־һսҾԻ㣡
ţ˹ͻȻѾ˾С
ߣ᳤Ǻ⣿컢һ
Ǻǣ˼컢ˣ˴Ӷ֮к˽˶ԹĻӶ֮нղǵıȶʤѾˣֻܱǸ˵컢Ѿˡ컢ҪȥĻӶֻȡʸ񡣡˹΢΢һЦȻԸ⿴Ʒ컢ʹȫһսӰ벨ܴ
ȡʸ񣿡컢˫һߣһεĻ᳤˵ǵһ
˹޾ɫȻƽ͵ЦݣŰĻصӶУֻܰӶ֮˼£¡һϻ᳤ڵĻҲ̬ȡ
Щ컢еŭѾﵽ˶㣬һοΪ񾳶ģҲֻ˳Ӷ˼ˣߣǶţҶӶ֮Ļʱٺúʰǣ
ţ컢Ǻðɣ
˵ţ컢ֳƷвСӣ컢סˣñٽ񾳵ʱ㣡Ȼÿ
Ǻǣҽ񾳵ĻǵʱҲȫԸġƷЦǺǵĻصֱ컢ץ
ߣǾҪûͣ컢һֶԻ˹˵᳤ڸÿԿ˰ɣ
ⲻ⣬ֻҪ˽񾳵ʸǱضῪͨ˹ЦЦˣ˽ӶѾˣڱӶʤߣӶţֱӻһ˫S񣡡
һ£ȫ䶯ԵĺȲ
ӮˣӮˣＤĴš
ӮˣӮˣ˹ͷ˸ˮ
ƷȻӭȫ˵ҲһξƷǿʵȻɵľսʤ컢
⻶£컢Ӷ˵ɫΪѿ
ڶĻʤߣӶţΪӶţɻһSͬʱ÷Ľ
ӶţǿʵĹߡ
ȻһӶ֮ӶŵҲӶ磬½ʱĽӶŵĸ֣ҲԻǳ֮ࡣ
аɫⲻ˭ʤߣаĿ񾳡
ӶӶŶĻȻҲõƶһӶᡣ
ųˡ˹֪ʱѾվ컢
컢һսȭͷʵҽѾ˰ɣ
ǵģSѵݽȥˣӶѾ񾳵˹ηĻһЦǺǣһһô˿ĵϢѾرӶŵˣֻSѣڻ˫SҲ޷񾳣
˹˵úܴƷҲˣֻǲмһˡ
˹⻰֮ȴɫӶŴӶţƿҲǺ
аҲԵøΪأֻ컢һ˵ĻԼɾʹΪԿˡ
Сӣǿ治˼Ӧǲмˡ컢ĴЦֶԻ˹Ц᳤ԿʼһϢ˰ɣ
˹ͷλ˽ӶᣬӶ֮ԣӶеʤߣлý񾳵ʸھͿʼǰλʤߵﵽ
˶٣˹һΪӶţ¼¼Sּõһ˫SҲֻĸSδܴﵽSӶŵĵȼʸ񣻵ڶΪӶţڴδʼ֮ǰѾݽSټһSѾﵽSӶŵĵȼҲý񾳵ʸ񡣶ĶӶţϴ˴һSҲֻSҲδܴﵽԹϲӶţΪӶеһʵǿSӶţҲý񾳵ʸ飡
ϢĹ˴ʧǵȻϣӶҲܻý񾳵ʸ
û뵽ʤߵӶţȻֻǲһ㣬һSĻǱлˡ


814 񾳿
ǺǣźŬһЩģ˵ˡ컢һЦߵƷǰ
ҲźƷҡͷһЦ
ߣղŵǱʣҴ֮ٺúú컢һŻ˹˵᳤ڿԿʼ˰ɣ
˹΢΢ͷ
ͻȻƷ˵£
һ㶣ɷ׷Ʒ硣
컢һͷЦƷ磬ܸоƺûô򵥡
ţƷ㳯Ż˹Цʵ᳤ڻԵݽ𣿡
ǺǣȻԣֻҪӶУ㾡ɵݽ񡣡˹Ц̵ģ˵׻ϣƷҲܽ񾳣Ӷߵ˵ֻŪʲôı
СӣѲ㻹ûеݽ𣿡컢ʵ
ȻƷ˵ͷֳܻ֮ģһɾ˵Ϣټɢ˿ƷĻܻ֮Цλ֪Ǻ
ܻ֮ģ
˽Ϊ𾪣Ʒŵܻ֮ģҲӶڻδɵ
ܻ֮ģ컢ˣͷһ۽˹
˹亹ɺ˼ͷ
̫ˣܻ֮Ӷ䷢һS񣬹ϲ㣬һS񡣡˹Ц
ҲһƷܻ֮ģܳɹSѾﵽSӶŵĵȼͬʱҲ˽񾳵ʸ
ߣ֪Сûô򵥣аһյİЦƷڵĻ֮ʱҲܶ༸ȡʤİա
ƷһÿҪ컢ЦǺǵĽеܻ֮ĵݹ˻˹Ц᳤ɷ񿴿Ϊ档
˹һӵЦ棡棡ܻ֮ģ
ƷҲɵӣֻҪSɣǿŶʱмô
˹Сܻ֮ģˣλѾˣӶŵλųѾݽܻ֮ģɹһSӶʽΪӶеһSӶţͬʱñӶ񾳵ʸ񣡡
ȫڣߺ
ףף
һһ಻ϣϵĻӶ㳡֮С
ԭʧȥӶԭӶţʵǿSӶš
򿴵ĻҲһҲΪƷ簵ĸеˣϾԼδŮܲ
ڣΨ컢ԵɫѿΪֻԼһ˽أھȻλδ֪ľ֡
ߣǽ棬ұضҪɱ㣡컢ţҲΪ˱ղһܵĪ衣
ˣҲӶŻý񾳵ʸ񣡡˹һһ˵ڵأΪ˵һЩ⡣֮ڣڶ࣬Ҳ֪浽׻ᷢʲô飡֮һŲ𣡶һͨڣ鷳ʱ򻹿Խ˴ͨ룡
ˣЩǶ֪ǿ㿪񾳰ɣ컢Եòͷ˵
бһ컢漴лλϡ
ʱλϴϯ̨ھУ
񾳵ĿӶ֮ģֻӶᴫĻ᳤Ĵϲſз񾳡
ˣаɫһ׼
ϯ̨Ҳɫأ˴񾳿ܻλǿߵľҲп˶Ӷ֮Ļ
λÿ˹֣ص˵
컢Ʒ˿Щľ롣
ʱ˹λߵϵ֮ǰϰĹڵء
ȣ񾳵ĵһҪǱǶйҲΪ˱ʾӶ֮𾴡
ţ˵ע֮£˹λйɰվĴ
֣
˹һȣͻȻһصֱü֮С
ţλҲͬʱĸرĲλһɫĹâ
ŹâĲע룬Щâˮһ˿ƺγһһ㣬Ȼü֮С
Ʒѽ֮֮УԸӦбһµ󣬶˹λϵľٶҲǼ
ʱ䣬ȫǿҵİ׹֣һϵϢɢ˿
˾ηѣЩӶϢ֮£׷ϵĹڵء
컢ƷɫӴ֮£Ѽĺ˼
͵ģ˹λͬʱһбΪǿҵĹâˮİɫӿü֮С
ʱ˵ľ֮£ͻȻ˫ֱۣ˵Ĺâ˲˫ֱӡ
Ȼ֮䣬һɿֲӭӿɨ˿ȥľ硣
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컢Ʒֱ˼𣿼ʹǧ꣬˵Ŀ¡
Ȼ˫֮УȻ˾֮γһཻ㡣
ʱڽ֮ʱ۳һɫĹţǽɫ֮Уȴ̺һ϶µϢ
ˣѾӶŵųн񾳣˹

ƷͷдޱȵļӭǹϵϢĿǽɫš
˼˻Ʒһűǽɫ̤˽ȥ
һ£Ʒ˱ڽ˽ɫ֮Уʧ
ƷѾɹͨڣ˹㳯컢֣ص˵컢ųϽɣǿŲ˶ˣ
컢û˹һֱӱ˽ɫ֮С
˹λһĵࡣ
ʱͨرա
ͻȻʱһѪɫӰа
˹Ȼһȵã쵲ס
˴󾪣û뵽аȻͨڣʵ̫˸еˡ
᳤ǲ˶ٶϧѾֹˣӦ˵û˭ֹа
ȥ
λȻаǰͬ˫ƣȫʣµݺݵسаȥ
ƾǣ
аһӭһơ
һƣþа˲ѪɫĹâ֮Уӿ˰ǵذϯλϡ
䣡
һ죬͵һһɾ˵ɢֱӳ˾еķ󣬿ֲϯȺ֮С

һҵľ֮ƬӰǿд˳ȥȺƬĵȥ
λϿѪɶ
ת֮䣬аѾǽɫ֮УհĳŷŭеĻ˹Ц᳤Ϸɾȸлˣ
˵꣬аʧǽɫ֮С
һУʵ̫ˣû뵽аȻӣֱӴͨ
᳤˻˹ǰǷŭ
˹һЦ˫˸ݵĹâߵ⣡


815 ֮þ
᳤û°ɣǲ˳˾
ߣаҲʵ̫˰ɣħ᳤ŭ
յϼһΪʲôǻû뵽أ̻Ļ᳤٤᰸
Ĺڣŭѡڰ͢ȻǱɣȻǿߵĴڣֱӴͨ
ǵǲ⣬綼Ѿ²⵽ˡ
޷˹˻֣Цڴľǣˣɲô״ģ
ң컢˱ΪʱƱػһټϱĿ磬˵ûܻųԻ˹ܷģаȥء
Ͼ˹ǺƷݣ컢а鷳ˡ
µǣԽǿǿҲ˵ߵʵԽǿ񾳵ҲԽǿ
ʱƷѾʽ񾳡
ǰããһУһȺ컢аҲǲӰ
𣿸оҲûʲôرġƷҡҡͷ֪ԼնΧһƬûʵʵķУûνӶ֮Ļ
ɣƷչǿ֮
ȻƷ羪ȵǣԼ֮޷ﱻĳֿµơӶ֮ʵ֮ǿǱά˿ǿ߻Ҫʤһ
룬ܹԽά˿ʵǿߣĶǼ򵥣ƷѾеǳ˷ˡ
ڣҲ֪ôߣɴֱǰߣĻֱЩ鷳Ʒ绹ӭж⡣
̣вãҲԽӵŨ񣬸֪ΧֱС׵ľ롣Ʒ裬ʱ̶ܱߵĶ
ΪǾԲƽеô򵥣һҪ컢Ǳڵ͵ϮƷÿһ쳣Сġ
ͻȻ
ƺƷ紥ĳ֮㣬ܱߵʼҵӿͷųһɼϢ
ߣɣʲôƷһڵ˫ȭս
䣡
ռ͵һ𣬹һ磬ʱγһ޴籩ŵΧסƷ硣
ƷУ޾ɫ̧ͷһϿմȻһ׹⡣
ҲǸڣƷ簵ţ͵һ˲˲ЩϮֱϿմٳȥ
ٽ⴦֮ʱҰԽӵĴۣҴ۵ļΪƷӾЩ
ߣ
һϳʵİ׹֮УͽȻһ֮׼ƷԺбݺݵĺϮ˹ȥ
ãʶ˲ԾƷ羪һ䣬ϧˡ
һ
ƷԺʶ֮Уһǿҵıը֮죬Ʒ֮ǿߣϮĻ˽ȥ

ƷоҪ˯һ㡣
ȻƷ㾲ı˫ۣ˯˽ȥ
һ£
Ʒӿʼϵ籩³ϵ³¿֮ȴ޵׵Ԩ
Ʒ磡
֮䣬ƺһеںƷ硣
ҡôˣƷоͷ챬һ㣬Ϊܡ
͵һ£Ʒ˫ۡ
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ΪƷ緢ԼȻһʵĴУһһΪϤĵط
ͻȻһϸ̽˹һƷʱΪľϲ漴˳ȥƷүˣƷүˣ
ƷүƷɻֻ֪ͷʹƺԵЩģˡ
ɣƷӣ
ţ㴫һϤѹˣ
ţƷ㿴һϤǵףԼĸưȣѩ˿ԼĴǣһ඼ԼϤˡ
̫ˣѾһ£ѹˣĸĺܵ㡣ưȽסǰסƷ磬ϲˮ
ĸףҡƷһ㶣ܵ˻дůƷһӱŨŨĸ֮Уָоĺܲ
þãưȴƷϷֿΪϧĲ쿴ƷһһḧƷһЦǺǣ֪֪ԵһĸǺܵ㡣ãѹĸĺܿġ
һ£ô£Ʒɻ󣬸оʶԵЩˣɸоԼ񲢲ļƺĨһ㡣
ǰƷ磬㶼֪е㣬һءѩ˿ЦﻹţҲˮϴ
һ£ôأƷΪɻ̧ͷǰеЦݣƷһʣ磬㡭㲻𣿡
ǺǣܣˣⲻǺúõ𣿡΢΢һЦ
Ҽǵ㲻ѪħϹ𣿡ƷʵֻǵЩ
ҲûҡЦ
ǰջʹ䣬㼰ʱ˴ң̻ͻȻˣ˵㣬һֱԵڡԭԵŭ˵
ЩڼȷʵЩ棬Լܵά˿Ĺ֮󣬺û֪ˣѵڻԵʱһܳ
ɣƷ̧ͷǰһϤЦһôʵƷʹȥ룬ȴԽͷԽʹоѾȫֲʵˡ
ôˣưɫʡ
Ʒǰϻ۵ĸףĲ̣ҡͷֻǸоЩˡ
ǾͶϢɣӣ׼ɣ˿ĻҲʱ׼ˡưЦЦ
ѩ˿⻰ȴߴĴ
£Ʒһ㶣ͻȻʲôˣҵأ
ǺǣЩųŶѾȥˣλ˵˽ȥưЦ
ĸףںۣ鷳ĸܸλ˵һλŽпȵŮҺƷоƺԽԼеɻһ㡣
ȣưɻ
ѩ˿ǽһ𣬼Ϊа۽Ʒ硣
ƷҲѩ˿ɫ仯⿨ҲߵһλҪˣԻúǽͣˣԡ
ðɣúϢɡưЦЦ뿪˷䡣
ͨһ
Ʒص˴У̧ͷԺһĻһĻȫµĻ棬Ǹо񲢲
ֻǣƷԺԵ÷ǳĻҡԽǼȥ룬ԴᴫʹƺĳڹԼʶһ㡣
ˣʲôȥˣú˯ɡƷ̾Ϣһı˫ۡ


816 ˺ƻþ
յ峿Ʒѡ
򿪷ţߵ棬ƷµĿ
ԽǽˣĽҲڽ⿪ˣƷ쳣ɡҲ˯һоҲöˣҲ֮ǰһΰɡ
˺ҲƣƷԭ糡ƷͷΪʦϵȨ
ǣְݵԲƷҪģѪħļв
صڼ壬Ʒѩ˿ͬԽļͥ硣
֣ȻѾ࣬Եúܰ
ͻȻƷԺһȻסˡ
ưע⵽Ʒɫ仯Цʣôˣ
ûʲôҸоƺЩˡƷ΢΢ҡͷ
ǰΪԽͽԭȷʵһЩˡưɫȻ̾
ˣЩ¶ѾȥˣڴҲǻúõ𣿡ԭ˵˶٣ƷЦǺǣھͱôˣѵܲμ磬ɲܴɷ羰ˡ
Բף˰ɡƷ˵ͷֺܲڵĸо
֮УƺӦûһ˴ڵģҸֵǣƷƺҲóһЩˡ֣֮Ʒ綼ЩʵЩξ
˺֮Ʒ类ԭλҲΪµ峤֮ѡ
ȻԭλϰٰϣƷܹڼ峤ΣƷ粻뱻ίľܾˡ
ǣƷǣЩѾ˵飬ΪƷ綼ܹδ顣ѵԼڻ֮ĪӵԤ֪δ
ӣƷ綼Ҹڼǰδеƽѩ˿ҲƷߡ
Ȼڿδ֮ǰƷѾھѩ˿̹뿨֮顣ѩ˿ҲģȻԸⰮԼ
ƷڶŮĿǷ󣬱ѿȽӻ֮ûĻƷȢŮţƷҲټȥˡ
ӣһĹȥ
ˣؿҲҪ͹ˡ
Ʒѩ˿ͥԺ֮Уѩ˿ҸƷĻУ˯š
ɣƷ³˵ѩ˿һЦ
ͻȻ
ƷԺ͵һʶֳֵĻ档

Ʒ羪һȫ亹
磬ôˣѩ˿ɫǵʡ
ҡҡƷǰѩ˿һʱֲ֪˵𣬱˿ֵĸоҲӦ
Ӧѩ˿ɻƺƷ˼˸⣬ίʵ磬ѵ㲻Ҫ𣿡
˼ֻоĺ֡Ʒص
ˣҪô˺ĺõ㡣ѩ˿һ˫ӽƷ磬ͦõ֪ﻹλпȵĽ㣬Ĳ⣬ңֻҪҲܹþˡ
ƷһǸһЦԲ˿һúðȵġ
˵飬˵飬ǰδйģŨŨ֮£ƷҲȥʲôˣҲЩδ֪ļֻһξ
ܣ
ǵͻȻ˹
ƷѭͷһԼĴ磬΢΢һЦȻоԼĴѾˣڲǺúõѲɻҪȥЩõĶ
磬ôˣƷЦʡ
ǰ΢΢ͷǾΪƷѩ˿ܣǾЩΣ漴ЦǺǣܣЩѾˣǼλ뿨С㶼Ҳˡ
ȣ
Ʒ˫һϲǸϽ߰ɣ
ѩ˿ͷҲǺλƷĶŮӵǳʲôӡ
ţƷǱټԺ֮С
ʱԭѾڴ˽ӴˣϾɶƷߵĲѣڼȻҲҵ
Ʒһ۱㿴˿һˣһȼλžӢӡ

ڹһ
Ʒ磬̫ˣڼˡǺܸ˵ģƷλŮӣԵüΪĲá
Ʒ磬λǣЩѩ˿
ѩ˿ҲҵδޣƷص
δޣ
һ㶣ԵüΪŭ
ԭƺЩˣǺǣ⼸λѣȽȥ˵ɡ

ɫһƷʵƷ磬ȷղ˵Ļ𣿡
ֵܣᣬúý͡ƷæѲһۣƺ޿ȵĴڣʣˣأ
ߣˡһ
ţĦſ˽
Ʒһӱ㽫Ŀ۵˿ȵϣɫĺȣ
סƷ˹ȥ˿ȵߣ̲ס㱧ȥ
ڳ֮ˣĻΪľȣѩ˿ɫȴǿΪĹŹ֣ƺûж˼ѾȻһ㡣
Ʒ硫
ƷͷӿȵϷֿĽĿ˿ȵĸУԺ͵һ˫ͻȻˡ
⡭Ʒ羪㵵ĵɴ˫ۣãʵȣ㲻Ѿ𣿡
У
ɻ󣬾ȶӡ
ʱǶѾֱмˣôܻаЩ˵
ҼǵòӵġƷ缱ˣͷˣ˶ɻӡ
ܣǲܵģ
ƷԺвϵĻţֵĺšƷиоΪʹԴ챬ѿһ㣬˫ְԴ˻
Ʒ磡ôˣңȼÿˡ
Ʒ磡


һϤϵĴ̼Ʒ磬˿Ʒ춯Ȼ֪롣
͵һ£Ʒ̧ͷǰĿȣĻûԪ̥ŵĺԪ̥
Ԫ̥
˾ѣоƷͻȻһ㡣
ûģһûġƷһεĿ϶ٴλǰϤˣϤİˣϤѣǸѾڵӰ
ڣҵļ䣬ʼһĻĻԭҵĻҲˣƷѹˡ
һ̣ƷЦˡ
ʵƷϣǰһжģҪġ
Ʒ˸⣬ΧһϤףףĸף磬˿ȣҵǡĲ뿪ΪǣҲܼԲˡ
ʱ˵ľ֮С
͵ģƷӿһǿĻȭͷʹ˫ۣʹ˵ټˣҵΡ
˵꣬Ʒһȭȫֱ˳ȥ̼һʧϤס
䣡
Ƭռ侹˿ǲһ㣬ΪһƬһƬֵĻ棬ǿռƬ֮С


817 ս컢
þ飬عʵ
һ˲䣬Ʒصʵ֮УֵΧѾʧƷһ޼ʵĺϿ֮
ƷƺûӻþзӦһ㣬ǵĴš
Ȼոֻһþþеȴ˵ʵʹǼٵģƷֻԼߵˣƷԽӵܡ
ͬʱҲƷ𾪵ǣеȻԼѾﵽλ񾳽֮Ҳȷʵڻþ֮Сȵĳ֣Ʒ绹Ϊǻþʵġ

Ȼ컢аӰ֡
ÿµĻþͳˡаڴŴֲѣһΧĻһʲôط𣿡
Ǻǣ˭þ˺أ컢һЦͷа
ң˺ƻþǵ˲Ϸ򡣡аĻص
Ҳ˼ֻǺɻΪλ컢Ʒ絹ǲаĵ
ˣ̰ġа˼ǰӶ֮ǣ綼⡣
ߣϷ飬޹أаһ
˻ͷһƷڿգ֮ɫ仯Ź֣ڻþӦһ˼顣
ߣԭһ컢һƷɫƵ˵СӣǺܺãû뵽ǻˡ
ƷĬɲΪ컢ġ
컢ƺҪŹƷ˼˵СӣΪĬͿһУȻ˺˻þҲܹѻþԾ֣ҿԷŹ㡣ΪɨӿǱڵϰֻܶԲˣ
˵ţ컢ĳŵɫǿ⣬ɱˡ
һ£а컢ǰʵ컢Ǻ⣿
⣿Ѳֹɱ𣿡컢һаɫ˵а˵Ҳ㣬СЩŹ֣нСӣǹƽ
Ǻǣ⵹ǲֻаһЦ
ţаƷԣƺƷվͬһսһ㣬컢˵Ϸв󡣡
аʲô˼컢ŭʡ
У컢ɵΪϷɵϷ֪ԶԶĶ֣ɱĻΪŹϷ𣿡а֮ԱǣƷ˵λֵܣ컢˵һв֣ɱȻǹƽ֪Σ
㣡
컢Ǻ죬аҲʵ̫ˣͬʱԸλǿߵĻ컢治ô׶Ը
Ʒɫһŭ컢ЦǺǣһҪɱҵˣҵȻԸ֡
ϷϲԸɣǵõӶ֮ĻϷֻҪ¹㣡Բ˺㣡аЦ
ɱһ֮˵ɣƷ䵭Ļص
ɱңǻͦŵģҵҪкͣ컢һеĻһڿ񾢵ĶӿڻС
һΣ컢ʹõ컢Ѿӳ˻е
һ
Ƭռƺ͵һ£һɿֲĽޱȵϢʼӿɢ˿ԭƽĺǿʼӿ
СֵܣҪˣһϵĻɲöԸаηѵ컢֣м˻¡
֪Ʒͷ˵Ҳ֪컢л֮û𽣵ĻƷѶԸ컢һΣա
ݵһ
аֳеĳڣаȻӦǰа
ߣ߽а治Ȼ˺߽컢һɫԵЩء
߽ҲڸƷİͬƷġͬǣ߽Ϊа֮ͬƷκĿǣµ߽зӡǧħߡ
Ǻ߽㻹ͦмʶ𣡡аĴЦһ
ƷŲаʹõʲô֪컢ʵ֮ǿԲܴ⡣
£ƷóһϬĳҲǱڵʥȻԶԶȲ𽣣Ҳֻʹʥˡ
УǼʥѡ컢ĶΪƷʲôأԭǰͨʥ
аüͷһ壬ȻƷֵʥʥڶԸʥǿ߻˵ǰǿߵĻЩ˵ȥˡ
ߣ꣬û뵽Ľ边֮ĽȡڽıĽоƷݺݵķ̵
ˣ컢ŭһеĻŹĻ֮ŭҾɱļһ
ݵһ
컢һ׼Ʒŭն˹ȥЯޱȵϢӶһ޴ĵɫâռ䶼챻˺ѿһ㣬ֱϮƷ硣
Ʒ֪컢Ӳ档аٽƷ컢һҲǵ˿ȥ
͵һ£Ʒ綶ʮӰ֪١
䣡
һ죬ԵĽâֱӱݻǳȺӰ
ߣֵСƭңҲ̫˰ɣ컢һ
𣿡
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Ͼаںڰ͢ˣҪʱݵĻ⽵ǲˡ
һ£ɢһ㣬ĴĽƷȴУ컢ʵǿ߶׼ȷĲ׽Ʒʵڡ
ÿµĽаòƷʵ
ݣݣ
һĽŰ컢컢ǿоȻ˺üС˿ڡ
컢ĻΪŭὣһɨ
һ
һǺһĻ֮ϮӿȥӴֱϮƷʩչΧĵĻ˹ȥһ׺ݵֱ¡
ƷֳֳӹţŭһХѣ
һ
֣һɿֲϢһȫɽľ컢Си£ӿȥ
컢ɫ޾ɫһһն죡
ݣ
һӿһ֮ЯŻӭնȥ
䣡
Ϊһ壬һɾ˵ը˿޾ͽȻϮƬ͵һ
Ʒȫһǿķ֮£˳ȥ
컢£ӿĺ֮ϣὣ
ƷԶգ֮ɫģӲӲĻȫûʤ㣡
ͷƷһԷеаȵͷ˵ôϿ춯֣
ͷаһ£Ӧ˹õĴеСӣͲ˵ú˵Ҳǰ
ٷϻһеĻҪѶԸǲܺú֣˵ԵһƷ컢
аͷӸղһͿɼ컢еǿԼҲ˼С


818 񾪶
컢ĶߣƾǶˣҵĶ֣ɣ
͵ģ컢ֱа
аһеĺ߽һǿҵĺڹ⡣
һ£컢˲ӵаǰǿҵݺݵֱնȥ
аҲʾӭһֱӵȥ
һ
ǿռЩѷ죬Ǿ˵ӿ֮Уаһӱ㱻˳ȥ
컢նߣȻĺ߽ܿҵĻھԵǰĺ߽˵Ҳûжõģ
ļһаоղ컢ƴ֮ʱ𵴵ķǳأ컢ĹȻͬ죬аڵʵˡ
ͷаԶƷȵСӣô֣
Ϊ˹ƽҲһƴһǡƷ絭Ļص
ʱ̸ʲôƽȽһ˵аŭе
ڳԣȽϼһ˵컢ɫһ͵һͬԽռһ㣬аǰһնȥ
аһ亹ֵ
䣡
һ죬ռ͵һ𵴣аֱ˳ȥ
аû뵽ʵһûУϧˣҪˣ컢һȫаκδϢĻᣬһ󲽳ǰٵĻɨ˹ȥ
֮£аֻܳĵֵţȴǱƵˣһ߳ƷУѵҪȵϷ˲Ŷ𣿡
𼱣һ߲ˣƷ˫һһʩչռ֮컢һ㳯컢ıش̹ȥ
컢ΪһӦ죬ȻתȫƾоһỮ

һĽ֮ĽŰ
Ʒȫһ𣬸оֶһ㣬Ѽ䱻˳ȥ
ǿƷ簵ڲпħ£Ʒ绹治컢Ķ֡
ǣھǴ򲻹컢ҲԲܹпħȻа֪ԼݣìͷͻתָԼˡ
ͬ컢ҲǾһ£ߣռħСӵͻͦģ
ǺǣȻƷ絭һЦȴǴĦ⡣
ߣܿϧҲȫҵĶ֣컢ǲмƷа˵һϰɣʡ鷳
ݵÿаŭһŭڵĳȥ
ۼаҪƽ컢֮ʱǹĺڹ֮УͻȻдǽֱһ޴Ӱ
ǾӰǺ߽ӡŵħߡ
߾޴ޱȣ㵽׶࣬˫˸аɫͫ⣬ſѪڣֱ컢ҧȥ
ӹ컢һһǺߵͷնȥ
һ
ɢǺʹһо˻ȥ
ò˵ǣߵΪǿᣬղӲ컢һȻֻˡ
аɫٴλӶ߽߶źߣͬų˹ȥ
ƷƣҲٳɣٵĳ컢֮ȥγǰл֮ơ
컢޾ɫٽ죬ڶȫס컢ӣȵϢƵƬռ䶼ﵽδеĸ¡
𣡡
һ޴Ļ

֮䣬컢װĳ
Ȼ֮䣬Ǿ޴ĻϯӴӽĻ컢ӡ

аһǻݺݵն˹ȥǺҲǽ˹ȥ
ƷֽգڵĹעʥ֮УŭʽնӰ
һ翪ٵ֮ƣնĳ֮Уٴֳһ޴ٴ
䣡
Ʒаǿһĺǻ
һȥȴǽΪ󾪡
պգǿϮǻϵʱ򣬿ĸоһɿֲԼĹ͵ӿ˹
䣡
һ춯صıը֮죬ĿֲݺҰռ伱Ťԭĺһžˡ
ԼǻӵĹâ֮аеĺ߱ɣаҲǱƷ˳ȥ
ƷȫһѪڣҲǼܣɶ
컢žͶƷɱļأаƷ类֮ʱ컢ĿѡƷ硣
ವһ
һţ컢ӵƷǰ߾ٻǿСӣýˣ
ƷΪɫƷѾѡ컢ĹǿͣƷ粻֮Ӳƴʩչռֱ֮˳֮Զ
컢ǵһʱסƷ磬һպɨ˹ȥ
ݵһ
ɼһ޴״âƷΧϮ˹ȥƷѾˡ
Ͼʩչռ֮ҲʱƵģҲ˵ƶ˴ΧĿռ֮ٽһεĿռ˲ơ
ѵҪƳƷʵʵ
Ȼܡ
ƷӼٵתţһʽ𣡡
𣡡
һ֮ƷٴӿֳڿռеļĦ֮У˵⣬оǾ׵סһ㡣
䣡
Ǿ޴Ľâݺݵն˾ֵ˴˵Ŀţ£ǾȻռƣӲϵתǽâ
һ
ɿµֱը˿ΪĹ㡣
ģƷǹ°Ӱֳ
컢ӰȴǺȻʧˡ

Ʒ羪һ£֮һչ㷢һĽԼֱƶٶȼޱȡ
ɣ
һŭȣ컢Ȼһ㳯ƷҲն˹ȥƱһҪƷһ㡣
Ʒ֮ƣ컢ĹȫѾһ㾪յĶ˹ȥ
컢һ˸գסƷ磬ߣͿܲܽסһ
䣬컢ͽȻһơ
һƹȥһɿµƵƬռ䶼Ť͵ľˣǵذĳƷѹȥ
£Ʒһȥ
䣡
һ죬Ʒһȫס컢һƾȫ͵һеĳɳȥƷҲǳ׹䡣
ο㻹컢ЦаҲƴĳϹ컢ƷĽٶʵ̫ˣаѾֹⳡˡ
ۼ컢Ʒʮ֮Զ
ƷͻȻ˫һ裬Ǳ߷˵óѰЦ֮
ݵһ
ԭȥĳƹһĻȣӵ컢֮

컢һתûüӭһ㼱˹
һ
һѪɽȻ컢ѾˣǱǷĳݺݵĴ̴硣

컢ʹɫͫм˾֣˵ȿµĽֱδš
ÿµĽа㵣ȻĿõƷʩչĹ콣
ȻƷ֮ǿޱȣһͨĽƷҲʹ֮ȻԶ𽣣Ūһ컢ǿԵġ


819 ֮
컢һְ磬ʹ಻ѣִ⴩֮ʹܡ
ƷϷЦһѾܾˡ
ߣ컢ŭһ׹еƷֻնһ
Ʒ޾ɫӿһǿ磬ֻԲ֪Ѿ޷ȥƷ绹Ǽĵֵȥ
һ
ǿֱӴݻƷ磬ƷƴĻɾ
ͣ
ƷѪֱӱ˺ˮ֮У˾޴ˮ
ο㻹컢ĴЦһ
͵һ£аȴ˹˻Ϸ򣡡
ݣ
һкаȫеӭ컢ն˹ȥ
컢ǲмһնֱаһӲ˹ȥ

˫һΪıһɿֲĽ˸Ա˳ȥ
컢ƽһʹõǿϵʹ˼֡ҧأһסϵѪڡ
Ѫʵ죬Ʒһ˵֮˿лǹɽ
ģ⵽ʲô컢̲סһ
аɲ컢ϢĻᣬһ컢ˣʵаʹĳɱ˹һһĽնͱˣӲǲ컢ֵͣĻᡣ
컢δȫȥ˿ڣŭӭ
䣡䣡
һľ಻ϵһ˵ںŰţƬѾӿƺйɼΪص׼ѹбһ㡣
а컢ľţ͸ӦһС
ʱƷѾ˻ҵĺˮ֮С
ղ컢һȷʵһЩˣƷܿʹ𸮵޸ռ޸ڵơƷ粢ٴγȥ컢Ӳÿа컢ȥƴһġ
ԣƷڸɴͶںˡ
ǣƷ緢⺣ǳչǿ֮⺣ƺйǿҪһ㣬Եò
ʲô
ƷȻ֣Ǻ״Ȼҫ˵Ľɫâ
£Ʒչǿ֮ӭǻҲĺˮֱ뺣׵
Ʒ羹ǳԾķ֣Ǻ׵ȻǱһɹ취󡣸ǣ֮ⷨУƺǿһ㣬Ӻ֮컢аľ֮УŰƺⷨһ㡣
ȻƷ粻֪˷кãܱľǼ򵥡
ⷨõȷʵգһƬ޾ĺӦֱ޷ҵӶ֮ĻڡΨһƽ֮пܻⷨйء
ǺǣǾɡƷЦһ
ವһ
Ʒֱ׵ȥ
⺣׺ԽѹԽԽء
Ʒʵף֮ǿᣬˮѹвƷ硣
˲ãƷ˺֮С
£һɨƷ㷢
ǣֵǣⷨûбأҲ֪ǲǹģе㶼ɼ
ܵ˵ⷨа˸㣬Ļȴǧģ鲼˽ǧ׵ľ룬ЩĵطȽҡ
ңⷨĲ÷ǳݳޣ˸㣬ɶǸƷʥǧ㣬Ҳ߽ħ顣ܹķ˼ȥôⷨ׿ɽ⡣
Ʒϸȥ͸ⷨƷѾͨ෨޷á
룬򵥷ǱǴݻ㡣еһƣ޷תҲȻȻıˡ
뵽ڴˣƷסǰ˸㣬ս˫ȭȫ
͵ģƷǰ˸һһ˹ȥ
䣡䣡
һһľ죬ˮ¡¡ţðˮ飬ƷĹٶȺܿ죬һһԱƷݻ١
ת֮䣬ƷصԭʼĴ
ͻȻ
һ
ռͲһһɿµӿ濪ʼҡš
ô£Ʒ羪㵲ѣٴǷȥ
һƷȴǾסˣԭȥķޱƽ⣬Щķҫһɫâ˴˼γӣһͼ

Ʒ
ЩӳɵĹͼһͷĹ
ˣ
Ʒ簵ֲԤС
ʵƷˣЩ㶼ԻˣֻƻЩƽ
ȻƷҲ뵽ˣϧѾˡԭƷ绹ƽ˴ҵڣû뵽ȴǱ߸һѡ
ò˵ȷʵȻûΪһֿµķ
¡¡
ƬʼñҲѣ׵ز֮УһӴѹ֮УѶƿѷ֮Уȴӿһɿµ֮ϵƷ硣
ƷΪɫĻǷǳǵġ
͵ģƷ㼱ϴȥ
ʱ컢аĲšһһĳƵƬ˳ǲ
컢ȻˣʵϾаҲսʤ컢϶ദҲʣЩ컢Ҫ
аˣСδѾ⵽˲⣬ҲҵĶ֣ǰûɱ㣬֮УƱҪС˵컢Цһ͵ļǿеĹƣѹа
аأӭţһ߰СӣǶں治ˣ
˾֮У̼Ƭռ俪ʼ
䣡䣡
ʱ䣬һ޴ݺݵıӭŽеֱȥ
ʲô
˴Ϊɫ˳ȥ
һ
ֱǺк俪һ޴ˮը˾޴ˮˡ
ô£컢˾סˣ⺣еı仯ʼòͬѰˡ
䣡䣡
һ޴˵ֱȥ
컢аһ£ֲֻʵĶ㿪
Щʵ֮࣬ƺһ㣬ģЩֻ׷ġ
Щ컢ŭҲ㣬ӭֱµһֱնȥ
䣡
컢һնȥһɾҵ֮бӿȫر˿֮Уʹ컢С
׵ϣɲôǵġ
аĻҲȥЩģˣʵʵıܿЩĹϮ
ֹһ㣬һһ˺ͣЪ
ȻһըһƬˮƷֱӴӺг˳
컢һƷ磬ƿ쵰ЩǲСŪģ
ߣ⺣ҲѰӶ֮ƽ֮ڣǣҲһƷһ
˵꣬ʮݺݵĳ˵ϮȥƷֻܱȶȥ
컢ÿҪˣŭеСӣֺΰ취
취¾ˣǵˡƷ֮ɫ


820 ͷ
֣컢ɫһøҺúýʲô˼
ûκεĳڣղںзһҾúܻܿڵƽ֮ޱȣұ˵Ǽڴ˶ȥĻҲ󣡡ƷĻص
ʲô˼컢ʡ
򵥵˵ڵĺܻܿһռ䣬ռӵת֮СƷ絭Ļص
ֵ˼ǣѵѾƽ֮аʵ
Ƕ鷳ˡƷҡҡͷ
鷳סˣ⡣
ͻȻ
˾㵵ǣеֹͣ˹ƬȻޱȣˮڵӿţһһ֮ߵľˡ
պգĸоǺ֮Уйɾ˵Ϣͷ˳ƺйɿµҪһ㡣
ʲô컢סˡ
ӦһѲĹƷһɫ˵
컢аɫϢǿޱȣ²ô򵥾ͿԶԸ
Ȼ֮䣬Ǳĺ֮Уһ޴ӿ֮УںһƬ˾ùǳ
һ̣Ʒ˶Ŀ֮УΪԴͷǴͷŶ
⵽ʲôµĹأ
컢ҲˣƷСӣǿ֣¹֮ҾԻɱ㣡
ǺǣԱ㡣Ʒ粻мһЦ
ȻпʼֹͣƬƺһ㡣
𣡡
һХ֮УƬռ䶼ƺš
ǿϢ
컢аأƷҲһأӶ֮µ󣬻ô
һ
˳һڵӴڶ
ɼһͷֳӲǾ쳤˫˸Ѫĺ⣬ȫһƬƬɫƤΪǣǳͷ֮һ̣ΰΧסͷޱȡ
ʲô
Ʒ˼ΪĳԾ˵ȹֱδš
ߣʲôɱ˵컢һеĻһǹǰӭͷն˹ȥ
ݵһ
޴Ļɫâֱӽǹͷ­ն
ͨһ
Ѫ罦Ǿ޴ͷ­˺֮С
ߣһ컢м
ɸ˵꣬Ǿ޳һԭնϵͷ­ֳһµͷ­

һ컢Ǿֵĵɴ˫ۡ
û뵽ԭ컢նȥͷ­ȻֹĳˣҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
ǹǷŭ컢ŭһһ޴ıǹܼĳ컢Ϯ˹ȥ
컢һеĳһһֵţˡ
𣡡
ǹŭһ
飡飡
һˮǹˮ֮£ֲһֻֻ
ƷǾȥȴǴΪĳԾ
ûЩоֻΪһ壬һ֡
һмʶа㾪һͷ
ͷ
Ʒ컢ֻ֪ⳤſͷĹʵܲ򵥣Ǵﵽа۷弶ʵ
аɫ֣૵Ľ͵ͷǴ½ʮ֮ף֮Уû뵽֮УȻоͷĴڡ
˵ϻ컢ŭʣͷʲô취ԶԸ
ѣаص˵ͷÿһͷ­ӵŲͬĿΨһƽֻ֮һ֣Ǿȳȥӵͷ­ÿһͷ­ɻתͷƻޱȣǺҵӵͷ­
ô鷳ҵиƽ֮Ǿ˺Ÿӵͷ­컢
Ҳ޳ɣƷͷͷƷҲ鼮жţֱӵİ취ٶȽſͷ­նˡ
ϷҲû⣡а
Ǿɱ컢ŭһ
ţƷ˱ͬʱеĳΧǾͷɱ˹ȥ
ǾͷһɱΪŭ
ʱǾſͷ­пʼ˸Źĺ⣬ʮ׵֮УͽȻӿһɹ
컢׵壬˲ӵеһͷ­֮ǰӽնȥ
Ȼ
컢ǳԾĸӦһͷ­ʱ͵ĸ򱶡
ûһӵеơ
򱶵컢ǿ˵ӰҲرĴ󣬱ּеĳ
ⲻ֪ͷһͷ­ȴײ˹컢ѵһǿͷ­նȥ
һ
컢һ㽫ǿͷ­նˣ컢ȴǳԾĸӦԼеȻˡ
͵һ£һž޴ͷ­ݺݵĳ컢ײ˹ǿӲӺݺݵ컢͵ײ˹ȥ
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컢ʹһţ˱ڵĵ˳ȥ
֮ͬ䣬ƷҲžеͷ­
ͷ­ҪöԸЩӵŷ硢ˮϵͷ­
ݣݣ
һǼǵķӭƷϮƷŹȵһһȥֱǿӵзϵͷ­ǰݵһ½ͷ­ն¡
ת֮䣬ͷ­Ҳŭı˿һ޴ıǹЯľʯĳƷȥ
Ʒ˹ȥֱеһͷ­ǰŭնһͷ­
ͷΪһ壬ĬϣƷնȥͷ­ȴ͹˹
һ
ɾ޴ƷֻûӽӭȴҲˡ
һаϵͷ­ǷСıͷУҲ˳ȥ
ಣ
컢ˣһصžͷ
룬Ǿͷԭնϵͷ­˻ȥһ˫˫Ѫͫ䶢Ʒǡ
λк⣿컢֣صʣ⼸Ѳľͷѹ컢ҲǸе֪롣
ߣû´ĻͷӵеľΪ硢ˮڰϵħټơռħ˵ΪǼ֣ǿԲӵħͷ­֣ҲΪ׶ԸǵٶһҪھͷ֮ǰȥʣµĿͷ­Ʒ˵
취컢ϲЦ
˵̫磬ΪֵǣͷǿԻתģܰסͷ­ӵеаĻɸ컢ͷϺݺݵһˮ
ûǲܣκεֻ֮ҪҵͷϵɱͷƷǱһȥѰͷϵ
СӣͷԱȽͱɣ컢а˵а׸ô˰ɣ
ϷȻףⲻ˵аŭδԿµľͷܱ컢ˡ


821 
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컢õۣãǾȥԣˣǵĻԲŹ㣡
ˣϽȥɣǼһﶼѾˡƷ粻ͷĻֵ
컢аһתǾͷȴǹ˳˾޴ĺˣֱ̾컢ǣƷȴ˿ȥ
Ӹƴˣ컢ǾгֳֻһϬĽâǾͷϮ˹ȥ
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ͷھ֮У޷ľ޴һ㣬˸һ˫˫ͫ⣬ŭ컢ǵ
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컢˵ûͷӵ޷ܾͷĻǾͷͻ᲻ϵ컢ϵĹͷֻԽԽǿǿһͷ­޷նϵʱǾ͸˵ȥɱͷˡ
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Ҫʱ䣿컢ߵ
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ͻȻƷǹȵӰ˾ͷһͷ­֮Уһݺݵı㳯ǿͷ­кն˹ȥŭһˣ

컢аΪľɫƷͻȻľٶʵ̫Ϊˡ
ݵһ
ƷһݺݵĽǿͷ­ն
Ǿͷʹһͷ­Ʒײ˹ȥ
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㡭ôֵģаԾʡ
ĻҲͣϽɱĻǱˣֵ˷ʱˡƷޱĻص
аһ㶣һЦٺ٣СֵܣȻ̫ϲĿϷϲԸ񣡡
ߣȻûˣڸǷʱˣ컢һеĻҵĲţ̼ȼܵ


822 ֮
ͷڱƷնϵͷ­ڰħ
ȻѾնͷ­ͷѾʧȥ֮ͬҲǲöԸϾ컢аٵǿռҪ׵ĻܾͷҲǼ򵥡
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컢һӱ˾ͷеĽǿһ
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ӵˮϵͷ­ХһԭɢҵˮȻΪ˱ȻƬĺ̼㱻ǱϮˣ컢аԱǱ档
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һ
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ݵһ
Ʒֳֻǿͷ­ն˹ȥ
һѪ˲Ũںˮ֮С
ͷʹһ͵ĳ˺档
컢аΪͷʣһͷ­
ǾͷһԶ컢ˣŭ˹ȥ
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ݣ
ǻƷǿ֮Ĳٿ֮£ȵ棬Ǽٵķǿͷ­ü֮
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컢а㵵ĿȵĻȻĴǿͷ­ƬŨѪ罦
𣡡
ǾͷʹĲҽһĵȥ
Ǻǣ֮ƷҪˣƷóѰЦ컢аǵȥľͷУֱӽǾͷӸ˺˿һҫŰ׹֮Ǿͷڷ
ƷҲκεԥһֶǰɫ֮Ȼֱ˽ȥ
⡭
컢а㶵ģȻ֪ǶʲôͻȻоǱƷˣһ㡣


823 յ
ǰɫ֮һڣڼĸоһʶصƷڣ֮Соϸֵõµһ㣬ޱȡ
ͻȻ䣬ƷϾҫ˵İɫâͷųһص
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ģӦǾͷ֮ǶԴˡ컢ߵĽ
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ƷҲһľϲϲˣʵ̫ˣ
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ͷΪɱΪȻãǺĻҲ֪֪ҲûҪͣƷ缫Ϊ䵭Ļص
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ߣΪҵ㣡Ʒ粻мĺߵմȾƷеѪҺֻҪƷԵĻԿʩչ֮Ȼٺݺݵ컢һѣƷͲ컢
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аɲɵӣڲǰһԼǳԿģ羲վһߣƷ컢һģԼҲ֮
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ʱռ䱩ԽŤĿռѾѺۡ
컢˵һһȥҵĿռУɲǿЦġ
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һ޴ˮǻҵĿռбɢ˿ƬԵ÷ǳĲǺڷŭһ㡣
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˵ƷԵýΪɣſռڿռѶʱƷ綼ǰʶжȥ
컢аɾûôˣǻҵĿռ֮Уͺеıһ㣬ʱܰסԼķԣܵķǳǱ
ʵƷʱǿԶ컢ɱֵġƷ粢ûôΪƷ뵽Ӷֵ֮ʱ򣬿ֻЩ鷳Ǹղľͷһ㣬ƾԼһ֮ǺѶԸġ
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컢аɾûôãǵˮĺѼһ㣬Ǻʹţ۷ףŪͷתܵΪܵĸо
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£컢аС뿪˺
ʱ컢˳ʱȴǱǰһĻסˡ
ڣѾû˱ҵĿռ䣬Ƭƽ羵
Ȼ֮ҫŽɫâľ޴죬컢˴ﵽ񾳵ʵǵһϵӦӶ֮ɡ
ɢųһϵټĵں֮ϣǷѰͿɽڿա
תۣ컢аȻĿƷڲԶ֮ǵ죬ԵüΪĹŹ֡
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컢Сӣ⵺ܾܿӶ֮Ļڣôô˷ôõĻ᣿
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аһ㶣ֲ뱻컢ռȻűǵķȥ
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ڵƷɣƵǵķȥ


824 
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ڣ컢ǶѾСʱȻһ㶯ûСʧ˵ĻӦúܿͿԳˡ
ǣڴҶڸɵţҲ˷ơλ񾳵ĿɶǳԽʥǿߣҲеһӶܹ񾳵ǿߣ˭Ӷ֮Ļأ
Ǻǣ᳤㿴ѾȥСʱˣȻû鷳˰ɡսʿĻ᳤ǲͻȻЦʵ
䲻֪磬λ᳤˵ǳܳд롣ߵԽǿ񾳵ҲԽǿ˵ܵƻܴ󡣡˹ص
û뵱ҽ֮ʱ㻹̾𵱳֮£Ȼ¡
ʵϷǺܺ棬浽׻ǸʲôأħĻ᳤
ֻ˵һµ磬˾硣򵭵Ļص뵱ͬ˽룬ֻʮӲͳˡȻǵʵԶԶǿңҲǼ򵥿԰ȻĶȹ񾳵硣

΢΢ͷҲ׿˵֮
˵Ӷ֮ͨ죬ӵ͢򣬿Ӷ֮֮ʱʩչһȷʵе˼򵥡
˿̣֮С
컢аѾڵ֮С
⵺棬ҲûʲôرģܱһƬɳأٽȥһƬ޴ïܵɭ֣ɭֵ֮ɽ
ԭ컢аֱϿ֮ɽģϿейǿѹ֮ؾȻﵽʮ򱶣Ҳʧȥ˷е컢ǱƲѵڵߡ
컢Ѿվ˵Χ֮УԡŵĽɫԣľĸойϵϢѹ˲ڴ˷
컢Ųаֱӱɭȥ
аҲӿ˽Ų뱻컢һ
ͻȻ
Ҫ߽ɭеʱͻȻйεһĤĽǵסˡ

һ㶣ͣ˽Ųִȥǿһȴֹɹֹǡ
뵲ס𣡡컢һֱ֮ǿҵĻ⡣
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ԣڲ滹ʲôΣջ֮ǰƷֻܱʵ೤ʯһһ׵ȥ
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˳ĬУ˼
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ԾԨеʱӵĸͽȻ侹ʮ򱶣ûĻᣬƺоԨйɿµ֮Ʒ硣
оΪܣǿǴﵽʮ򱶵ѹоľǿһ㡣

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ǣ㳡֮ȴ񣬰м֮Ӷ֮񣬶ߵǳªĹ
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аԭҲ׷ųȥģʯЩԾּƷ˵СģаҲ̰ͷ
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ĿޣʲôƷ缴ʡ
ĿޣҲϹʱڵޣ˵ײޱȣΪʳޣǵʳ޼ѶԸڴ˴ʱǧ֮ãǱָˡаɫصĻص
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Ѱž޴սѹڻУһӱ㱬ɢΪһƬĩһɾ˵ݺݵѹ컢

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һ֮˵ӿɢƵƬ컢ĿµĽһ
ǵĻ컢״̬׵ɱ֣컢۷״̬ڵֻĿƽ֡
һаɾûôȥԸĿˡ
аԾǰгаĺ߽հĳĿؿϼ˹ȥ
ĿӦ죬ĻսмаĹһɨ˹ȥ
һ
аеĺֱ߽ӱսУڵһаƵڰתӡ
һ̣ĿȴǽڳһֻȭǿֱӶа˹ȥ
аоɿµ˵ӭӶ
£аڵΪƣ˳ȭ˳ȥ
Ŀŭѣеս̤ŵ棬ڵļ׷аɱȥ
Ʒһߣ֪ѾսȦһ˫סĿޣѰֵĻᡣ


828 
Ŀ컢ʵ൱֮£ѻע⵽Ʒ磬ԶĿϱȽ֣ƷԵĳĿӽ
һаȫŰĿǿƹаֻж÷ݣһ˿ûС
һ
аֱĿһƷĻ䵽ʮ׿⡣
ɶļһаһƷȥȴǴΪŭΪƷľ뾹ȻԼԽԽԶ
аͲס㳯ƷСӣϷһ֮
ƷȥаֻҪаܹʱסĿˣȫķĿϡ
ʵĿ޲Ǻ㣬ǶصӣܾܿĿ޵㣬ƷסĿϵһ˸Ѫͫס
ɣƷ簵ڵеʥõƷѾʼԾ
ûƷҪʹ֮
֮ɱΣȡͷԲġοƷжһĿҲԲԼ͵Ϯ
˿̣컢Ŀѷ֡
ĿʵΪˣӦ׿Ѹݣټǿ֮컢ҪĿ־սĻԿľ컢
Ϊ컢ڵĶھŲϵģĿڵƺ޾һ㣬ôȻôǿᣬʵ

⽣Ӱֲĳ֮ϵӿţ컢Ŀü֣˭Ҳ˿Ĵ⣬˵ȥƷĴˡ

컢һݺݵĳĿնȥ
ĿȻ壬սУʵʵһǿ˹ȥ
䣡
һ֮£о޾Ʋ컢еĻһĿս࿹֮Уӿһ֮ˣ͵Ŀ
ĿƺЩ𣬼ǿ͵Ļ˱µ˳صĲӣ˼
𣡡
ĿŭһеսоȻһɫֱ컢ĸС
һ
âֱӴ컢ϣǿǺȴǾ֮컢ڵİҲ⵽ǿҵ
һ£컢Ҳɫ˿ȥ
Сӣ컢ͷȥȴȻ֣ƷȴѾʧȥӰ
һ̣ƷȴĿԾأ
Ŀɫ䣬ѭص
ɸһͷĿֻǸоһɿµĺЯ߿µĽ⽣ǳǿ缫磬ǷӦˣҲӶ㡣
ݵһ
ϬĳźӣݺݵһĿ޴Ѫɫͫйᴩ
ת֮䣬ʥĻصƷУء
ͣ
ĿǿϵѪɫֱӽ˴ƬѪʹľһ趯ţˡ
Ŀ
Ŀһ£һֱаĿǰһֳʹеĿŭƷŭ㾹ȻĿ
ΣƷ絭Ȼ޾ɫһʼʱ򣬼ĿǶߵӣƷѲ²Ŀ޵Ӻܾܿһ㣬Լ֮Ŀ޵Ŀǡ
컢Ʒһ˵Ŀ֮Ļأ룺СӵĽǸֵ⣬ҵöһЩ
𣡡
Ŀʹĺţһ߽ĿĿҵ۾ĺʹ
ĿĿͨǸоĿܵʹ࣬ҲǷŭ
࣡ǾԲŹ㣡ĿƷŭ
ߣڳﻹкͣ컢һһָĿ
ٺ٣СֵܹȻаЦ˹γ֮ƣĿĿΧС
ĿŭĻƷһۣɶʹеĿص˵Ŀǵʹýˣ
Ŀͷֹͣʹ
Ʒһ£ܸоĿڵľٶΪŹ֡
컢ʢʲôƨûˣ
ҲϷһݣɱղ֮ޣаҲ˺߽аȻ
Ʒ絹üͷ壬оĿƺûô򵥣ǵƷ絹׼֣䡣
ߣȥɣ컢һͬаɱڵĳĿȥ
컢аǿƹĿԵüΪ侲÷䣬ԭ̴ӵĿҲƺûԵʹ࣬侲¡
ݣݣ
ĳֻһ㣬׼Ҫҧǵ
Ȼ
컢аҪƽĿһ̡
һ
ĿĿϣȻӿһɴ۵Ľɫâǽâ֮Уȴ̺һɿֲһɳԽ컢ϵľ
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컢аͫױƷҲɫ˵Զ
ӿĽâƿһеĻ֮ӴĽɫǵذû컢аǵӡŤĿռѾʼһѺۣµŰ
컢аھ֮£Ȼŭһеĳƣ㾡ȫĻǰȥϮ
䣡䣡
ӴĽâһֻһ㣬ֱӽ컢˸ķ˳ȥ
飡飡
컢аݺݵײڼӲʯУ˴ƬķʯǱأɫֲѣ¡صĽɫǿ⡣
𣡡
һŭ֮춯أ߰Ƭռҡҡ׹оǿҪһ㡣
𣿡Ʒɫǽâ֮УĸоӿһƺϴĿ޵
Ŀ޵ôʵѾټǿˡһǰĿ޸ŭˣȻʹ˿µĽ
ڣƷֻܴҫŵĽâѾоǹɿӿ
ʱΪ˲𱻶ԵһĿ꣬Ʒ統컢ǵ
Сӣ⡭ô£컢Ծʣش컢嶼ѾЩԲˣû뵽Ϊǻ¾ȻҪ˲صĴۡ
Ҳ֪ΨһԸоĿ޵ֱǿˣǿʮƷҡͷһࡣ
ʮаֱֵһˮѾѶԸˣٶʮǸôˡ
ûƷ֮ɫЦ֮⣬һúúˡ
СӣкսԣһΣ컢ģ컢˵ȻƷĪĲȷ˵ĹֻƷַ˵ſӦİ취ˡ
Ʒͷٶ컢ЩĸĹۣΪµջ󣬻ĻΪء
ģâɢȥ
ʱƷҲǽɢȥĽȥ
պգɢȥĽУֳһ޴Ӱ
ǾӰԽӵ֮ʱƷȴȫĴסˣȻ


829 
ǰĿѾ˾޴ı仯
ֻһֻΪĿƺΪһˡ
ģһͷߴ֮ߵȻӵֱֱֻֻۣ۸սȣֻͬһž޴Ѫɫͫ׺һ졣
ûĿѾˣһǵΪһ壬Ѿ߱˰۷弶ʵ֮⣬ٶ֮ϣҲܿһ
ô죿һܲöԸаʵѾ亹ֱ
Сӣк⣿컢ҲϣƷϡ
ߣȻֻˣͬǿӻ㣬ǼӽƷߵ
𣡡
Ŀŭһֻȳһ̤˹ǿˣһɿµϢɢ˿ȥ
ôǿ컢պѾо˺֮ĿѾﵽ˺ѶԸʵ
ߣǾȻŭǡĿһǣǵȫ״̬֮ǰͬĴǾԲٷǻܻǣܶǺܿܽḶۣ
ٷϻǱʲôȳһ˵컢ŭһһԾеĻ৵ĻɨһĽâĿֱϮȥ
Ŀ޺޾ɫԭز˫𣬵֮
¡¡
һıը֮죬âĿ޵ը˿˾˵Ļˡ
ʧ֮ĿȻԭزȫûܵκһֵ˺

컢ɫ˵ҲԼȫµĹû뵽Ŀ޾ȻɵĽ¡
ߣڶ𣿡Ŀ컢
ﾹСң컢͵һͬԽռӵĿ޵ͷ֮ݵסĿϵһŶۣŭһһͿԸ㶨
ݵһ
磬Ŀ׺ݵ컢һֻֽȵĻ֮Ŀ޵һųªĶۼ˹ȥ
һ̣аƷҲĿȫ۵컢һС
˾ƣĿȻԵúƽȴǾз̧һŶۣע컢һĵ
컢һ£оһɿµһεݺݵĲؿһ㣬ǿŲλݺݵĲһ¡
ʶݵĻ㱣컢ܿͻָ״̬ͦԭеĿ꼱˹ȥ

һĽ֮ӿĻžɢ˿ȥĿ޺պճеսʮּܵʽס컢һ
ʲô
컢ɫ䣬ֵĸоսϴһɿµŻֱ֮У塣
컢ȫ𶶣ŤѪڣǹϮ֮£оζ˺Ѱʹࡣ
ң
컢һǿ֮ӭǹɳ˹ȥ
ǵðæˣƷɫһеʥ
а΢΢ͷȻĿ޵ʵҲûбѡˡ
ʱƷа׼ɱȥ
ȻԭĿյս컢š
ⲻ֪Ŀ޾ȻλֱֻۣͻȻ̽˳ֻ޴ȭͷǿݺݵĳ컢ȥ
ã
Ʒ羪һϧȾĿǳȭٶȣֹˡ
컢Ҳо׾Ҳڳһ֣ǿдڷֳһĶӭǱһ˫ȭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ƭռ͵һĿްԵȭ֮У컢һԵֵ

컢ҽһѪӿ˳Ϯ֮У˵˳ȥˡ
飡
һը֮죬컢Ǿʯصҵʮ׿⣬Ѫ⵽˶ѣˣս֮
컢ĳӣвϵĵѪԶĿ޾ǿ˵컢Բô׾ͱˣ
˵ţ컢ΡΡһӣΪǿеİ
ֻϧ컢״̬ѾȫĿ޵һ֮С
⣡
аסˣԭźƷɱȥȴˣΪĿ޵ʵʵ̫ǿˣ컢һӻˡ
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ĿʾԵŭһףƬռ䣬ܱߵбҲǲĶ俪һƬƬʯ
ССӣҪȥ𣿡аʵ
ȥ컢Ʒҡҡͷٵ컢ߡ
аɲɵӣһȥĿޣҲ컢ǰ컢Ǳаû̵Ǻǣû뵽컢ųҲбܵʱ򡣡
ǡ־ȥԸǼһԡ컢Ļص
ߣϷϲǹĶ֡аߵ
Ǿû֣û־ͱҷƨ컢ŭ
㣡аֿ࣬ԡ
컢һа㲻ᣬǶƷ˵СӣＫöԸǺѿˣս֮ǰﲻˡ
ǻǵñ֡Ʒ΢΢ҡͷֳԪǶԪӦָܻһȥ˵
Ԫ컢һĳԾ
аҲǾƷ磬ȻСӣôⶫ
ƷȥаԪ컢˹ȥ˵ȷ˵ȻǲſȥԸǹ
컢һ£ͻȻʵΪʲôҪңһóĶԪ˿ɶҪһսģ
ڰҲǰԼûЭĻǺѶԸǹƷ֣ص˵ΪҪԸĿ޻컢ǣԼ֮ԶԸ⶷ԪƷѿ޸ƣ˵Ҳǹˡ
ҿɲˡ컢ЦһһӹԪ˽ȥ
⶷ԪЧǷһӾͱ컢գڵȻ˲ָ˴룬о
ٶ컢ɫãһ⶷ԪȻǾޱȣ˶٣컢ΪмĶƷЦǺǣСֵܣллˣҪǣ֮ҲԲ飡
֪Ʒ˵ͷͷǿµĺĿޣһ˵׼˵ĻͺúֶԸɡ
ʱаͻȻĶƷʵСֵܣ⶷Ԫ𣿡
УôƷһɫд̰а
㿴Ϸ֮Уĵ٣ĶԪЭĻضԸҲ󡣡аһթЦ
ԣҾͻһšƷĮĻص
ƷĻشаȴǺ죬ߵˣϷϡȽϷٺúˣ
ϲģ˵ͻ𣿾ͻ۵ģôȥԸ컢
㡭ǡаֲ֪Ӧ𣬱һתͷŭĿޡ
˵ˣڽһ壬֮ʲôԹҷ°ɡܹȫȥԸǹǲûлᡣƷһ˵
û컢վǰһ˵Ǻǣɱ֮ǰ컢ֵܣ
ҲǡƷͷһЦ
аΰҡҡͷҲǰԭλǾ֣ĺˡ


830 Ʒʵ
ĿҲŭˣƷǳǿɲô򵥵ģһΣǾԻɱǣҪ׼
Ʒɫһ컢а˵ողŵļƲߣסа취Ը
ףοɾͿˣ컢˵ͷΨ֮ƣҲֻܼȥƷˡ
Сӣɱʧڿʽĺ飡аź߽
ɱ
컢һŹһ𣬼ȥ
аʾеĺ߽۳ȥ
Ʒں󣬵ĿսֻǿѡϾƷ绳пռֻҪ컢ܹΪƷȡĻƷſԻĿ޵㡣
ಣಣ
컢ǵٶȺܿ죬֪ڵĿӵֱֻۣҲҪֻս컢Ŀһ˫սֱ۽һ
аǶĿ޵һ˫ֱۣϾĿ޵ʵǴúܣҲֹֻʽˡ

컢ǿͣĿִսǿǿһ𣬱һǿҵĻ⡣컢ԹĿ޵ķߣҲǼվ
аʵҪһĿ޵һ˫޴ȭҲǺϷ֮ơ
Ŀ޿ɲ֮ǰľͷӵŶ෽˼룬Ŀ޺֮˼ѾȫںΪһֱֻչƣƵ컢а޷֮
ƷʱĿ޵ζѰѵĹλȻĿ޵ĺ󷽹ǡֶΡ
ԣƷѾĿ޺˼
ֻǣƷ粻ǣĿ֪ԼĴڣȴֵԼֲһ㣬ѵǲԼһв
ѾûʱƷôˣĿ޵Ķۣ;㣬طûġ
սΪʹľаˣĿȭ컢ʵǿᣬҲ֧Ų˶á
һ
аĿ޸һȭˣѪ
MD󣡡аŭһƷѾʧȥӰжˡ
һҧаǿʹɱ˹ȥ
һȣƷ羪ȻĿ޵ն
̣ƷĿһ裬еʥ뿪׼ĶĿ޵ĺԴɴ˹ȥ
֮ƷΪĽ֮£Ŀ޸ԵֵƷ綼ôŵΪ
Ȼ͵ǷɽϮĿ֮ʱһĻ㷢ˡ
ʱĿ޵ĺ֮ȻſһССѪɫͫףѲһķɴ̶

Ʒ羪һ£ǱĿ޺ԴͻȻӸһ
͵ģĿͷһƫպöܹһֱӷ컢
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컢һû뵽Ʒ羹ȻĿ޸ĪĶ㿪ˣĳ컢Ϯ˹ȥ

Ʒһٿʥת˻ƻʱֿԵĿ޵۲Ϯȥ
Ŀ޽ƻޱȣͷһ˦ɵĶ˹ȥ
ôƷ羪סˣĿ޵Ҳʵ̫ˡ
ͻȻ
ĿǺԴſѪɫ֮ͫУһѪɫâͻȻƷ˻
ƷȻ֪ѪкιƷ绹ȫջʥӭǺ⵲˹ȥ
һ
âֱƷĳ֮Уһǿ깥ݺݵϮƷľ統С
Ʒȫһ£ɫֵ˻ȥ֮ǿ󣬲ܵκεˣֻǱһ
ĿҲǴΪĳԾԼǿ깥֮Ȼ޷˵Ʒ硣
˾㵵һĻƷҲʧˣ컢аһ¡
ɾ컢˵Ļ֮УĿͻȻŭһ͵ļǿеĹƣﵽǿ״̬
䣡
һ˫žսݺݵĺն컢
컢ɫ䣬ȻӦ˹˿µԵֵ㣬ֻͦӭӲӲЯǿս˹ȥ
飡
һ죬Ƭռ͵ˮһһɿֲǵذѹ컢

컢ҽһеѪڵĵ˳ȥݺݵ֮أش
컢
аҲһ£׼ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬һֻ޴ȭͷȴǳ˹
аһὣǰ
䣡
һ죬Ǿ޴ĳ£аһ𣬿ͬѪҺһű˳ȥ
Ʒ֮ɫΪŭսеʥŭɱĿޡ
ϧƷ絥ȭѵ֣֮䣬Ʒ㱻ȱ˳ȥ
̣Ʒٵ컢ǵ۽ԶǿµĿޡ
Сӣô£ôʧˣа̱㳯Ʒ
ûѾƺܺõģô컢˵˵ţ̲סֿȳ˼Ѫ
Ʒأ滹п۾ǶСˣ
۾컢аסˡ
ߣǵΪöԸ𣿡Ŀ޳һͷ­ȻŤת˹¶ϸСѪɫӡ
аһľɫ컢һĻҲǱһ
ҲµûһӦӵпµ֮ӣһǵζһžжĹƷص˵
ǹӵ֮а
ӦˡƷͷ
⻰а˳˼ƺ˼ʲôһ㣬Ҳ˵ڿʲô
СֵܣοﲻˣʹöԪҲָҶٵ컢˵ԵüΪĲʡ
֪Ʒ˵ͷݺݵսȭͷʱƷѾ޷ټʵˡ
Сӣа취аʡ
УƷ絭Ȼ
ʲô취а˫һ
ǾƴˣƷһ
ƴˣɵ컢شھһʥǿ߶ɱǣôƴаĽе
Ʒûа۽컢һɫ˵һΣͬҪĻ
컢һ£Ʒһ˫ᶨɫ컢˵ͷӹƷ磬ţղɱͷһ˻ӣ
Ʒͷ˵һ˾͹ˣ
㣿аһɰĳƷ磬ɫ¶֮ɫ
컢һƽƺѾоƷϵѾˣоǱһ˰㡣
࣡뷨棬ղ˶޷˵ǣھƾɱ𣿡Ŀ޼ǲмĴЦ
ûɱ㣡ƷĻһ˫һһӴƳĿ޵ӿѹ˹ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬һǿƷӭĿ޵ӿ˹ȥ
ǿˣĿ޳ԾĽƷ磬ɾҲӰ첻ĿޣȤζЦǺǣȤСһصʵɲװ
صʵ
컢аɫ㵣㶵ĽƷıӰ
ߣ֪һûô򵥣аһ
ʱƷ翪ʼժȥϵ֣зѪɫͫס
͵ģƷһͻȻӿɨһɿµͷϵķ˿ԭǵɫĳǹȾ˰֮ɫͷ֮У¶һаѪɫӡǡ
⡭
컢׵ľסˣоƷйɿֲа֮ڷš
аƷⷬ仯ȴǽͰ͵ľƷ磡


831 ǿ
Ʒ磿컢ɻ󣬵а˾°ӣǺܲ򵥡
컢Ƕ˸ˣаͷ
ʲô˼컢ʵ
ߣƷʵǱҶҪǿû뵽һﾹȻʵǣʵ̫ɺˣаߵ
컢ŭ㳯ƷʵСӣа˵棿
ûȷʵʵƷعͷ˵ֺʱûùңǴɷģͬѪģڽ֮ǰǶں飡ҾҵõҲԲɱǡ
ߣҹ˭֮ɱˣ컢ŭߵ
ǵȻƷĻعͷӽĿޡ
Ŀ޼ǲмߵȻСȷʵǱǿˣ˵ûʲô𣡸Ͻɣ
˵꣬ĿޱеսĸճƷն˹ȥ
һ
ſռŤɿµľڳΪһ壬˺ѿ棬ֱƷб˹ȥ
Ʒ޾ɫеĻɨ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ű޴ĳţƷԲУ˼
˶ѣĿ޵Ц
ϷŸտʼأƷɫһ˸Źĺ⣬һǱа֮ӿ
͵ģƷһȫһչǿҵĺ⣬ˣƬռţǿֲϢѹ֮£ҲڲĲš
ǿ컢ɫоƷڵѾҪӽԼ۷״̬ˡ
аȴأԴ֪Ʒʵ֮аже˼ѹڰажѵˡʱ꣬Ʒʵֻ׵˿µľأ
Ŀ޿Ʒⷬ仯ҲԵüΪ𾪣ɫҲһλǿĶһ㡣
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Ʒŭһҫ۵ĺ⾪ʡ
Ȼ֮䣬ƷӶǿҵĺûˣĵаϵĳϮܣռ䶼ƺܲסɾѹʼҵŤ
Ʒﵽڰ˲֮󣬵һʹÿħ
컢ѾѣĬȻĽһȼհĺ⡣
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һλ쳣ȵаӣѪɫͫףޱȵŮӻĽԴ߳һԳļµľǣӵ֮ǳԾ޴ĺɫ״
һ츲صı仯ʵǴΪˣ컢ǿߣҲǾɫԣƷʵɡ
ĿҲǼΪľ㵣ħˣ˶٣Ŀ޳˼˻־ԣǿħû뵽ϾȻӵпħѪ
ħѪⲻǴ˵оǧĿ¿ħѪ컢Ϊ𾪡
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еаͻȻȫһʱ״ĳ棬֮ĻѪɫһĻֱҪа
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Ʒ˲컢ǰ̧컢ӣ˵컢ֵܣסھͰų
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컢ֵܣɷģҾԲµģҪңƷæѣֵȥĻǻ֮ǣ
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УСֵܣҪס֮˿ɶǷ֮ǧСģ廢޷ѵĻϣܱסǵرλֵܣƢѷɲҪ廢ٵĵˣԺ廢ǾԻס컢ѵ
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һģһǣΪ廢ǶģҴӦ㣬ҾԻᱣס廢ǡƷĵ˵
ллл컢˵ͷɻͷԶҫŽ˵ȥɣѾܾˣҺڴΪǿߵһ̡

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Ҳ˵ڵƷ磬ǲʹÿħ״̬ƷҲɴﵽ۷ʵֻϧƷõе֮Ʒ绹ûп񾳡


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Ӷ֮µĳ֣ζһӶĵӶ罫һµĴĶ
Ӷ磬½У鼰½ֻһֱȽɢңӶĵӶ罫ﵽͳһ
ȻӶŵȼʱ䣬ҲǴ˴ӶýӶţͬҲõĽȼ
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Ӷܣҵ٤ᰲ˫ۣǸһЦǺǣʵղҲֻΪ˿Ӷѣ
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Χѷŭ˼㣬һƬŭ֮𣬿ĭɣһ޲ɱ˽˹ǵӡ
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845 а
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˹ҲԵӶеӶǸͬʱƷҲϿ˽˹ǣһ־ҲǾʹ˽ˡ
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µĵȼƣǿӶĻԣǴٽӶںԡ
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˹ɫԵΪѿ;ƷǹµĽĻǿЩˡ
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м֮ɫûлħͲôöԸħֳ֮ʵǣѾȫĹơ
ο㻹ʲôͣħһЦЦףͷųǿƵƬռ䶼
ߣɲô׾ͱսܣһһǿҵĽ⣬һ㣬Яžӭħȥ
ħʾԵŭһͬסǿҵĺڹ⣬ȫһֱ״ֱ̬ȥ
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ת֮䣬ٴײһ
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κΣħٶȼޱȣһβɨ͵һתֱſѪڣɨĽɫβбҧ˹ȥ

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ħƺϵһͷҧβ͵һ˦
δ˹ȥ㱻ħݺݵ˦˳ȥ޴䣬;˿֮硣
ħ˷ܵĿһһ𣬿ռһž˵Ʋħ쾹ַͳ˹һž޴ʯһ㣬а֮⣬ĦſðƬĻ𻨣Ϯ
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ɽ䣬Ƭľʯ䣬Ƭľѹ˹̳
˲Ƶɽ֮У˺ۣڵǣҲűײ˼ڵ֮Ҳʣ޼
ȻϿֳ֮ħɭӰһ㣬ѹϿ֮һ˫Ѫɫͫ

ά˿һҲħһĻԾѡ
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ά˿ţˣҲ֧Ų˶ˡ
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Ȼ֮䣬ը֮£ӴĻ磬ӿɨĴƬ͵һƷʯ
ٶħ쾹ǳԾĿֳһӰѪɫӣаȵĿףƮƮᶯԺɫƮѪɫɢһаɭޱȵϢġ
ǵģƷˡ


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ڵƷ磬˷ŭǷŭΪֵ֮ΪάԼܵش͹ƾһ㣬ƷҲƲŹħ졣
Сӣôħ쾪ʵΪһи͵òͣͿɱˣû뵽ȻĪֵƷƻˣħڿ־ŭ
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գħҲǰһ亹
Ϊ𣿡Ʒ겻ɢڶ߻ش˹

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ⳤһħٴ˴Ѫʹžɢˡ
Ʒѹޱȣϳſµɱ˺ߵˣƷԲù
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ά˿ȻѪħĶ֣ھôҲõסѪħļڵĹƴĵֵѪħĹ
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ԭϢڰƬҲָգƬ½ҲŰеĿֻ벻ҲõƽϢ
ѪħǰȥˣƬӶ֮ǣȴǱòƲųӶ㳡֮⣬ĵطõĿ
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˹ҲæòɿһħļλΪˡ
ȻӶ֮˵ʧأЩӶǷԵüѣΪΪǵӶ֮ȻӵսаʵӶ
һսҲӴ˵춨ƷӶеߵλ
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ȻǲϣƷά˿һΪڵӶ֮ҲҲܲ񼶾Ĳˡ
Ʒά˿ʵѲҲԸ𣿡
ˣҿɶǿĶ֣Ժǹ͢ѣʲôҪĻ;˵ǹ͢Ϊά˿ЦЦ
ΪˣұܵĶҲҪ黹˰ɣûһҿɲһܹԸѪħǡƷ˵
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ߣǾˣæĻôذɣѪħҲ˴󵨵Ĵǹ͢ƷһֻҪά˿Լ鷳㹻ˡ
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ҵȻ˵νƷĻһݿȥ
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һ£Ʒ䵽
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޷ֻҪһЩʱſɻָҡҡͷЦƷ޵ǺǣλֵܣûñʧȻŪӶͷΡ
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˴Ϊɫ˵Ʒû뵽Ʒӵȫϵħ֮壬˿ĻԵøΪļĤݡ
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ʥİ׹֮Уƺ˶δӶĶʢ⾰ԡʥ֮У޵㽡
˹ǣȴǿ˸⡣Ӷһֱڴ½֮УΪþǵȴߵĳ֡ʱǧ֮ãӶڻعˡ
þã׹ɢȥǲƵӶ֮ǣ˳ƬȺһϳϣҲδѵ׳˷ŭ
ƷڿգգӶ֮Ȼ⵽˴٣ȻҲʧȥĻ飬ҲǴ˿̵ʹ࣬ΪǵĻ飬ǾԲܱԺԵĵ˻жǿ󡣵ǾԲɷΪǵߣص縺ӶΡƷӶٴģӶԻͣô½еΪӶе
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գƷΪӶ֮Ǵ˺ڰ͢İаϢᴫ½
֮⣬Ʒµ塢͢Ҳʽˣ˵ƷѾΪ˴½ǿͳߡ
ȻΪƷΪӶܰаԭ۹ҲһӳΪ˴½һǿڼҲӹɵĳΪ˴½ʷǿļ塣
Ӷ֮Ϊһ⵽ƻһ޸ؽţеӶҲӶ֮ǵؽæµ֮С
Ʒ׼ʱ뿪Ӷ֮ǵģһε֮ƷҲòӶ֮Щʱմ

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߰ɡѪħ˵ħһͬǺڶн룬ʧһȺеˡ
ڶĽ뵽һѪ֮ζĶ֮УǶ֮УеѪҺѪأʱһаɭϢİС
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ڹ͢Ǻڰ͢Լͨ߼λֻͨͨÿǧܿһΡǿ֮󣬱ħʹߵʱ͢ʵ÷ǳ¡ǻͨڣħʹ߱㲻ɽ˴½
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ûѡҲûʲô̸ˣλذɡ˹ݺݵĻֵ
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ܵõʲôô˹ʵ
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Ǻǣаſ𣿡ħЦ
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⵱Ȼû⡣ѪħЦЦֻҪħͨԺħʹ߱޷˴½ٻȥͨĻٵԼʵָǱ½ˡ


863 ĵȼϵ
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˵ѪأѪħʵ
ѪΪͨħͨħħ֮ɻָϵơ˹˵ͷ
ˣңôЭ㡣Ѫħ˵
ʵ˵ܼ򵥣Ѫش꣬ӵǿߵľѪѪдųħ󣬵ֻҪѪѪˮմĻֱӻȥͨ˹͵
ⲻϱ֮⣬ѪľѪñָʵѪħϲĴЦһû뵽ħ̵ͨôıˡ
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лˣԺڰ͢ΩǴӣ˹ȫ׷Ѫħˡ
ǺǣܺãԺԲġѪħΪϲɫ
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ߣЩϼһ綼ȥǸʲô֮أЩòŵġѪħһ
֮أ˹һ㶣ԵüΪ
ûҲǱǧģȥ֮ءǵطǽȥ׳ѣɷģ֮صĻҲԺҪȥĵطΪǸطɱ½ҪǿˡѪħЦ
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Ѫ֮УѪħ˳״ѪħʼѪеѪ֮İС

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ƷѾӶ֮飬ڽӶҲ˻˹Ǵ
յʱ䣬ΪڶǿİֻħļΪϣӶ֮ؽĽҲǷɿ졣
Ȼ˵ڻ޷ָԭӶ֮ǵĹ⾰Ҳǻָˡ
˿̣Ӷ֮Ҷǹ˸ɾȻ죬ÿһ˵϶ż֮ɫеӶӶ֮ǣͬȥµӶ֮ǡ
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ˣ磬һЩʶϵ㡣ƷͻȻ˵
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֪ǿߵĵȼϵΪͬǿߣҾѪħżĲࡣƷصҲƷ벻׵⡣
ǺǣĻӦûûʽɡЦЦϸĵ˵ʵϿħĻǿԴﵽǿߵʵʵ˵ֻܴﵽλסλУɷֳסн߽׶ΡǿĽʵԴﵽλĸ߽ףǿȥԸǶ˹λ߽׵ʵǿߡ
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ȻƷΪӶսܶ˹ϢѴСӶŶǴΪϲΪǿǵõӶıӻһܳΪųŮأܲ˸
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˹ǼŮΪ㶣û뵽Ʒ绹ͦģȻܹӵλ˾ŮӡҲûʲôֵģƷòʵ½пжôŮҪͶƷĻ
磬ƫģ
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ұȵߡƷҡҡͷһ˵ȸе̥ϢӰ죬̥ʱܶᷢ춯ʱֻҲܿסȸе̥ұȵߡ
Ҳãɲ̫ˡưȹغЦ
Ǻǣĸ׷ģںɺǰһˣûµġƷһЦ
ˣƷ磬ȸе̥᲻ȵӰ죿ʵ
Ӱ쵱Ȼᣬ븹е̥˵ⶼǴ洦ҲΪǷ֮뾳õλԷģµĻʱߣԲʲôġƷЦ
ǾͺãҲˡֻǿȰ̾һ˯ĿȣɷΪۡ
Ʒ磬⺢ʲôʱأԭʵ
ˣܾ⼸ˣ鷳ҪҸõĽˣұҪЭܽǵĺƷ˵һḧſȵĽ
ãģҾԻҸ½õĽţЦ
ллˡƷ˵ͷŷư˵ĸףȳ֮ʱп˿
ˣ㲻˵һأһˣû˿ءưɫһ
ûƷɫһ˿ȿã֮˿ˣڽϣǳ˿ҲԲ޶ԣƷû˿ӦòСˡ
Ʒ磬ôˣưȲʡ
ĸף鷳ȥ˿ҵѾ뿪ˡƷ缴
뿪ưһ㶣˵ͷϽѭѩ˿סȥ
Ʒİ̾һͬʱŮӣĲһۡ
ãưѩ˿ס֮ʱ
Ȼо澹ǿտҲ
ưԲƿŽȥ߼㿴һµ
ɣưʰؿ۰̾˿ôôɵ


872 ʧ

Źãưȱ㼱˻ϻˮ

һ㶣ƷҲɳŷưȥưϵˮ֮ʱƷȴͲһ¡
Ʒ͸ѩ˿Ψһһû뵽ѩ˿ȻˣȻҲѩ˿е˼ˡ
ȣôˣԭʡ
˿ˡưȻص
ˣԭһ㶡
ȥ˿ʱ򣬷ֻʣˡưˮԵüΪۡ
ˮһʱ͸û뵽ˣ͸ġƷĬȻصɫȻ
Ҳѩ˿֪Ʒԭ֮УкŮʱζкӾѾϲŮˡ
ϧƷ޷ͣ͵ĻᶼûС
˿⺢ӣһ뿪ǻ᲻Σգưɫǡ
˵ţͻȻ˹Ʒ硭
ȣ
һѾ˫ۡ
£Ʒķ˿ȣЦȣˣҿɶأ
ͷƷ˵Ʒ磬ղҺǵ̸ˣ˿뿪˰ɣ
ǵģ˿ˡƷͷ˵Ҵˡ
Ʒ磬ڲ˵Щʱ˿뿪ĻҲӦû뿪ԶЩȥɣǺҪ㡣˵
ǰƷ磬չ˾Ϳˣȥ˿ɣϾһŮӣһ˵ĻȥǺΣա˵
ȡƷֺܵſȣΪڵĿʱᷢر״ʱɲǿֹ
Ʒ磬ûµģȥɣȻɾˡȿȰ
ҸȥƷԵúΡ
Ҿȿܾ̫ˣӦû뿪Զɡ˿Ҫ뿪ĻӦûص۶Ϊ˿ɲǺʹ۶ȫˡư˵
ðɣȾ鷳չˡƷ˵ͷֶԿ˵ȣҪúõңһ˿ġ
ȥɣ˿֮ٺĻ˰ɣҿɲԼԼЦ
ã֪ˡƷصǿ֮һչһ磬ʵʵĹס䡣
漴ƷͷԿ˵Ѿ˽磬һжһ̲ҪչȵĻĸױɡΪ̥ıȽ⣬ܵκһֵӰ죬ҵĸΪħʦϢΪƽͣҲֻĸʺǡ
ǺǣǶףǾ뿪Ц
ϾտǼʶ˿ĿӿǾмԵĻӵϢĻڿȸе̥һôûС
ˡƷȥ
¡ưͻȻסƷ硣
ôˣĸףƷ缴ʡ
ɣ˿ҲЩưȿɬһЦ㽫еˮݹƷ硣
ллĸףˡƷˮ
ǵãһҪ˿ư˵Ｗǡ
һģƷݺݵͷ
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ϣɡưصЩ
ʱƷѾϿ֮
̣ƷչӴ֮˲串ǷԲ
֮Уκһз紵ݶӲƷӡκεһطκһˣƷ綼Ź
ϧ֮ڣȫѰѩ˿Ӱ
Ҳǣѩ˿ʵҲʼ뿪ĻҲһʱ䣬ѩ˿ҪԼĻȫ·ľҲпܵġ
뵽ڴˣƷѭ۹۶ķһֱʹ֮׷˹ȥ
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ԣƷѰҲǷǳϸģÿһطÿһÿһУƷ֮ͣЩʱ䣬κһطȫŹ
Ӷ֮۶ҲرԶϸĴѰ˴֮ƷȻûѰѩ˿Ӱ
˿˿㵽׻أѵҪ˺ĵ뿪𣿡Ʒ簵ţ絶֡
ڣƷǿ֮евƷĵЩ˻Լ˺Լߵˡ
ֱƷһֱѰ˵۶ȻûѰѩ˿Ӱ
ܵģ˿ٶȣҹ·Ҳ޷۶ѵ𣿡Ʒɻ
ţƷӶ֮۶֮ĵطϸصѰ˼飬һοÿÿʹūǾߣʲôܵĵطѰˣȻûѰѩ˿Ӱ
һλãΣΣƷĿʼԽӵʹ࣬вϵţ˿ְɣҴˣĴˣǰ㣬Ҳûƭ㣬˵Ƕǹƽģ
ϧ춼ƺƷ磬Ʒ缸Ҫ۹еطѰˣȻ޷Ѱѩ˿Ӱ
ֻֿܣҪôѩ˿ʹرķԼ׷٣Ҫôѩ˿ѾΣաƷ粻ϵԼܹʱֵĻѩ˿Ͳ뿪ԼģԼʱΣķƷܲѩ˿İȫ
ΣƷϣֻܼ۹ĵ۶֮С
Ʒص۶֮ʱʹ֮ѰƷ绹Ǽĵʹеķȥ
۹ʹµؽѾյĻԻͣر۹ĻʦƷΪӶϢ۹õǿıӻ
һ£
Ʒֱ䵽˻ʹ֮УҲѩڵĹ
ʲôˣ
һĺǹʮλʵ׵˹
ңƷ硣Ʒ絭Ļص
ʦ
ЩȻɫ䣬ͨһ£ɫֵĹ亹ŭƷһ㣬ݼʦˣ
ƷûȥЩֱӱȥ
ʱѩϸĵһЩ۹á
Ʒݼۡ
һϤƷһڴ֮С
ѩһһ̧ͷȻƷ磬еδһ㣬첽ƷЦʦʲôˣ
ѩɫƷ練üͷĪʵۣ˿û𣿡


873 ŭ͢

ѩסˣܸоƷ⻰˵Īɻ˵˿ⲻһֱһ𣿡
⻰ѩҲǿЦӣƷȫһЩӶҪɫ㱵ĺ˼˸⡣
ѩۼƷɫԾһֲԤӿͷȥֿסƷ˫ۼʵƷ磡˿ôˣ׷ʲôˣңң
뿪ˣ뿪ˡƷۣޱȵʧ䣬ѩ˿ҪƿԼˣȻڻʹ
뿪ô£ѩ۽֣Եò֪롣
ţƷĽѩ˿뿪ԭ
⻰ѩ۱ʹһ˿ҵıŮôôɵ
ⶼҵĴҵĴƷ૵˵ţ˿죬·ʧȥҪĶһ㣬ʧǡ
ڲʱɣǸúú˿׻ȥûʲôΣգѩһص˵
ҼѾˣ޷Ѱ˿Ʒɫҡͷ
ǧ۹شﲩĳطҲȫѲ飬Ҫҵ˿ѩɫᶨ˵
ҲãҲҪһ׼Ǿ˿ˡƷͳ˵
գѩȻȻҪȥӱȻϣԼŮѾΣգԸȥѩ˿ʱһѰҵĵط
ߵĳв٣˿ǵ뿪ĻܿǱĳЩС˸ûˣΪֵʱȷģ˱ض˿ҪЮң˿ʱΣաƷ翪ʼķ
û˭ѩʵƺֻҪƷ˵˵֣ѩƱҪַ
ˣΨйڰ͢ƷĻص
͢ѩһ㶣ƺѾˣҧʦǧȷĻһͬǰȥ͢Ҫ˿
ɣƷҡҡͷ
ΪΣѵҪ˿װ׵Ľ˼𣿡ѩԵüΪŭ
ȻǣֻǻɶѣȷƷһ˼˻ֵ͢Ļǹ͢ĿҪһЩ
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ܼ򵥣Ӷ֮ʱѪħǽ֣Ǿά˿аشʱҼǽս˿ĻǱҪЮң˿ҲôǲûұҶϵϢͱȽУҿԱ֤ǲڡпܵǣ͢Ϊȶͬ˵Ĺϵܻܿ˿ΪҪЮԺ˿ĻѪħһ½ǹ͢׶ԸңƷɫĻصĿⷺ⡣
˵ǹ͢˱ɵĻǲҲÿһǰȥһ͢Ҫ˵ѩۺ޺޵˵ΪԼŮѩηڹ͢
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ҪСġѩѵ
ģά˿ǼһﲻΣ뵱ţЩɥҲúúôһƷɫһ
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ټĻʵ֮Уֻɫնѩۡ
ϣѩҲֻʣѩ˿ˡΪǻʹ¼֮󣬻Ѫʣѩѩ˿ˡ
뵽һ˿ѪҲʧȥѩ˿ѩۣһ˲Եò࣬ù¶
һ̣ƷѾ޾ĸ߿֮УŹʥصķ
ڣƷĵһ֮壬ȻӦά˿ϢǾ͸ֵûˡ
ߣά˿ΪǵСܶԸң㻹أƷһһٸʥء
ƷٶȺܿ죬ԼĪʱͷʱ䣬Ʒǹʥء
ͬڽʥ֮䣬ҲǰЩ̵ɽڱġ
ڣƷǻά˿ܽѩ˿ΪΨй͢ŻһֱԼ٣ʦģƷ統Ȼ
ǰڵʱԶҲ˽⡣ҵΪ׼ԺԸ͢ڹ͢ʱѾ͸
ţƷս˫ۣǿ˲סһ㡣һƷǰǿȭͷݺݵĳմ˹ȥ
䣡
ȭ̼֮㵴һĹ⻡Ȼֳһ޴У俴µǹʥء
Ȼ֮䣬嫵ž˵죬ĵϮʥ֮С
̼䣬ƬʥضھҵĻζţһǿӿѹƵܲѣΪһѾԳԽʥ
ϮеϮ
һҵľУֱӾƬʥأʥ֮Уеǿ߶Ļ۵㳡ٴаơ
Ͼܹƿ빫Ȼڹʥؽаˣʵ
ʱ˾뺧Ȼ֮Уһװά˿̹Ҫ˵ģ
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ţΪ絼ʦĹĦնֱ֣ƿնƷƷ硣
ƷƮҫ۵һͷɫǿףټ͸ǿ߰ϢȴùĦΪԾ
ϷĦΪ͢дϡĦѲƷãʵǸոսΪӶõƷɣ
ûңƷ絭ĻصڿΪݣƷȻǰֻ̬Ҫά˿Ҫࡣ
ߣӶ֮ǰǹʥصΪ⣿𣿡ĦһԹ͢ϣʹǹĦƷʵҲǽƷȫȫǵˡ
Ǻǣ˺ܼ򵥣һҪҪΪҽΪ¹ϵҵӡƷ絭һЦ
ڱչأܼ㣬պɡĦص
չأֻһɰɣƷ
ߣϷߴ½꣬б֤ģĦһ¶ŭɫ
ǺǣǱչذɣ֮أұ̼ǵĹƷһļ
Ʒ磡Ȼ㣡
һϤ𣬺λڿգŭɫĶƷ硣
ಣಣ
һɫӰֳħʥִ٤Ƚ͢⼶ʥǿߣȻ֡Ʒʱȴ־ŭ
̼䣬ǹʥصĽ֮й͢ʮλŵʥǿߣŵΧסƷ磬ʱѱϾٵĵ˲򵥡


874 ˿
Ʒ类͢ǿǰΧ
ƷȻ壬Ⱥۡ
ߣƷ磡ΪӶݣǹ͢Э飬ǰʥΪ⣿ߵ˼Ƿŭ
⣿ڻǽ͢°ҵӣβҪҵӶѡƷĻص
Цǹ͢һǹ䣬°֮˵ص
䣿ѵ˵⼸ֵʱѵ㲻𣿡ƷԷ̵ڼѩ˿ڹ͢Ｘʲ󣬵ǰ⵽͢ĴѹƷҲɳûһ¹͢
ϻ˵㾹ȻȻʥأ裬ǲһ˵뿪ŭ
ƾ㣡Ʒ˫һ裬һεĺаϮ˳ȥ

˾һؿоǱݺݵһ㣬ʹдľ˳ȥ
ʲô˼ѵѼĹϵ𣿡ŭе
ѣҿû˵ЩɵѣƷЦѵܹѹһ͢ƷԵüΪʹ졣ұѩ˿߾ƷΪŭֻù͢ЩαС˳ʹĴһҲ÷й֮ŭ
ӶϷ㣬أһ¿ԾʹգӶʹ뿪˺Ħ̲ס˵
ǺǣĦϣǼǽɲ뿪ģϣһ𰸡ǽ͢ûЩµĻǽֺηȴǼӰأƷ絭һЦ
Цǽ˵ܼܼ𣿡˳
㲻˵ͻ𣿶ķ𣿡ƷĻص
˴Ϊʢŭú½֮ףʱܹ裬һ󣡡
£λ̾Ҫʩ
һ£ĦͻȻǰţ
һ㶣˸ǲʵĽеϣѲҲҪС𣿡
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Ħ˵ȷʵ٣ƷɾаܹܵˣܶԸ
ǺǣĦ˵õҲûȤЩСڼƽϣʧݡƷһۺǣŭ졣
ڻعɡĦһ˵ӶҪ˵ģʧȥ֮ʹϷҲ⣬ʵ˵ǹ͢ȷʵûҪҵˣӶҪ˵Ļǹ͢鼰½Ӧÿ԰æ
Ħϣ˵һ㣬ҪǵĽϻжءƷЦΨжԹĦǿˡ
治˼ڱչأκ˶þţʱϷ򶨻ΪӶĦص
Ҳ˼ռǽҲͲˡƷɫᶨ
ߣõͱ𣿡Ʒ缸ִùĦҲԵöŭˡ
Ǳˣֻڵһʱ԰ұ̼ȷĴҲܰġƷ΢΢һЦһɵľ⡣
˼ҪΣĦɫõʵ
ܼ򵥣ԼȥǽƷص
ǾȹϷذɡĦĳһѷĳϷȻ֪ӶĶ֣ҲǺһ
ǺǣܵԹĦϵָ㣬ҲƷҡƷ絭һЦ˭뵽ĦԵĶ־Լѧͽ
ҵӶҪǡĦһ˶٣ֶѱĺ˵ϷӶ֮Ľ˭Ҳɲ֣
˾ڹĦԹĦߣ˵ȻֻŭԣĬĬĴһߡ
ԿʼˣĦὣսⰻȻ
ǺǣҾͲˡƷ絭һЦ
ݵһ
Ħֱӱȳ֡
һټ磬һգ۱ӵƷǰ
ϾĦǾ߱˰н׵ʵʵСӡ
ȻƷҲûнпħҲûҪȥħ
ۼĦһƷؿ֮ʱ
͵һ£ƷһĶ˹ĦһĹһ˹ĦһֻǯӰεĿס˹Ħ

Ħһڳһ֣ƱΪȭȭгǿݺݵĳƷ˹ȥ
ƷһЦӭһƣһȭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ȭƴϮľˣƵþǶþЩľ롣
ĦΪɫƷƽһƣǳһǿޱȵľһȭȥ㷴ƶһεİԵ֮Ϯ塣
Ħ͵һгһһİ׹⽣âƷϮȥ
Ʒ޾ɫһ͵һĦǱס󣬾һݺݵĳ˹ȥƷȴʧ
Ħ˿գǰȥ
ȻĴƷĮĦϣɶԲסˣ
˵꣬Ʒ֣ڹĦ֮͵ĻһƣżŲʵʵǹĦĺ˹ȥ
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Ħ͵ĻͷƷ㹰һЦĦϣ治˼ˣȥǵĽɣ
˵꣬Ʒתʥеķȥ
ס
˾һУ˱ٳȥ
ƷȥЩˣ˷Լʱѣʥ޷оά˿ĵطǾΨʥˡ
ȻƷ缴ʥ֮С
ಣಣ
һɫӰ֣һɹǿӿ
ߣԲƷһİһֱ֣ӽܱ߱һһݻ٣ǲһɾ˵ܱߵЩʥǿȫֵס׷ھȥ
ʹ죡ƷЦһʥ﷢йоȷʵҪࡣ
ʱƷȥ
ͻȻ֮䣬һɫӰЯžֱ˹
һ֪ߵغļһƷ粻мһ
ţƷֻˣɾǵӰƽ֮ʱƷͻȻ䱻һ°ɣ͵һ
ûǰˣƷͬŮӣ˿
˿ƷĬһ˫ͻȻͰĽǰƽϤĽס
ʱİ˿ȴǱޱȵᣬɫƺı˪Ʒһ㣬һѷȣǿҰ׹⣬ڵĳƷɱ˹
˾㵵ǣһ̣Ʒ羹ͻȻˣԭղ


875 ʹϼʹ
ԴӰ˿Ϊ͢ʥŮ֮ƷĵһҲ޷˿оǷָ統һ㡣
ҲԼ֮ˣȻֳ³֣һǺҪԼ
һʱ䣬˾ϲ֮ƷĻεĿɬ
ԭ˻׷ɱھȻƷ԰˿ʱ򣬾޶ԣ˴ΪĳԾѵƷҲ̰ͼ˰˿ɫ
Ҳ԰˿ǾݣȷʵǿԶǿɼɱ
һ̣ڰ˿ŷȣǿĹ֮Ʒؿкȥ֮ʱƬռ䶼ͻȻһ㣬˶ſһĻ
ʱ򣬰˿Ʒ羹ȻԼ޶ԣرһ˫Թӣ˿ﲻĪһ
˿û֮ͣ֡󣬷ǿħݺݵĺ˹ȥ
û뵽ڰ˿ָ֮󣬵õά˿˿Ҳ߱ʥڼʵ
䣡
һ޴֮죬˿ŵǿħƷؿ֮С
ɲǼ䣬۵İ׹⣬ƷӣһʹĿף˵ҰеƷؿС
ֱ⻪ɢȥ
˾Ȼļ˿еǷȶƷؿ֮УƷһ
ϾƷǿȣǰ˿ʹʮ޷˵Ʒ硣Ʒĸʹǲ壬еʹࡣ
Ʒ밬˿ӣһʹһдž󣬾˴á
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Ʒ簵ĺţϧֲ׿˵˵ˣҲ޷ѼѾʧȥİ˿
˭˭ΪʲôһоҺʶΪʲôһҵĻôʹ˭˭˿ﲻϵĺţȴû˭ܸ˿𰸡
Ʒ磡
Ƿŭ𣬴˴˿̵İ
˿ž˹ǰϵĶԼƷ磬Ȼܿڰ˿оͺЩåûʲô

˿һֱ̽һֻϸƣǿҵİ׹⣬ʵʵƷϡ
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˿һ£һƸоǴһӲĸǽһ㣬ټ㴫һǿķ֮

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˴һһλ࿡ɫ˹ȥ
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ǡǡ˹æصȻǵ˰˿ǰƷ硣
˹Ǹ˿ʵ
ҡҵȻΪ˱㣡˹Ľеǰ˵ʵҿɵĴʥأĦĴǶƺ⺺˹һʥǿʲô
㡣˿صһ˼ѾƷϣԴӼƷ磬رһ˫Ϥӣð˿
ӶЦΪֹ˰ɣĦٴΧסƷ磬ԵýΪŭ
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ֻҪֻƽҾѾˡͷɫԵЩ԰ףȴַЦݡ
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Ʒ磬ϵޡɫǰƷ绳еӤ
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ȻԺ˹ЧѪħˡаϹϾĻص
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ԣƷðս˺ڰ۹ĵ۶
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ˣ£ҪĿġƷ簵ţŮ˿䵽һԺĽ֮С
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ڽԵֿΪðĸķϣæҰﶨˡƷص
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Ƹĸٹû˼Ŀû뵽λ˵еȻλŮӡ
ŮԵüΪĲʵôѾ֪ҵݣڸֵǣҾƸν£
ͷһ㶣㼫ΪĻص˼ڻʹ֮Уеߴ룬ֽѾʹڶ۶Ѳ飬ΨҲֻʣǾƸԡ
ԾͻЩ߾ҾƸУŮ˵
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һ£Ǵ٣ûҵҲѲ飡һû֮ǰǾ뿪Ů䵭ȴǴһв
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˵꣡
žһ
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887 һ
ƷǳǰλĶŮݷǳ򵥣żı
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ô֪Ʒüͷһ壬ĶԽԽˡ
ǺǣȻƸʱеϢұвǶȡ֮ʱͻȻ÷ǳļҲ˵ŮĹϵǱѰҴ󵨲²⣬λŮӿܻŮӡĶЦ
治򵥣ϸھͱˡƷ絭һЦûŮȷʵ֮ˡ
֪ΪΣλŮƷЩ֮ɫԵΪĹ졣
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𣿡ĶһЦֵҸոõϢڽҹ۶ɴд̿͵Ϣ̿뿪λνĴ̿;ɣҿԸ㣬ڵ۶ŮǶֽһλޣλȤŮѲڵ۶ˣ֪Ȥ
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̫ɲʲô£ҴӦˣؾԻȥһˡûҪˣⶫҲύ㡣Ʒص
ǺǣİɣҾԲʳԣǵĽҲһǳġĶЦЦвóһŻɫƤݹƷ˵кؾڵص㣬ܲܽȥĻǾͿԼˡ
֪ˣûʲôµĻˣһ˺úϢһ¡Ʒ絭˵һƤ
ú׼ɣҵĺϢĶһЦת˼תͷƷ˵ޣˣ˵λŮѾץȥˣѺڻʹ֮ͬﻹĻλɰɾˡ
ƷͷѾͷĲ֪
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888 ʹ
ۣŹ˿Сʲô֪οһ֮֮ܵࣿ
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ڻʹ֮УȲϵĿ˹شۡ
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ȣǡ˹شһҪȡ
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ɵΪĸ׵ִţȻص
˹شúȣһı˫ۣݺݵսȭͷЭ˵ˣԷ˱ڲʱ򣬵׽ͬ˽ͻ壬ѾǱĵˣ㲻бҪˡ
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ʹſڵأԲĸܿˡ

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ҵġ𣿡ţ۾ˡ
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˵죬Ʒԥˡ
룬Ҳѩ˿飬ʲôҲЩڰ۹ˣҲ˵Ⲣ屾˼ʵǿԺٱڰ۹õĻҲһС鷳ǷԼһ顣
ԽԽǲֱҹҲյˡ
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ȣ˹ش۵ĳƷץһˣʵ˺ڹ
ţƷסϵϢɶ˵ߣѭ˺ȵڹ
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⹬棬ȴϢ˺֮⣬һλϢⲢ˹شۡ
һ£
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˵Ƕ׼ҪȢһλŮӣλŮƺںڰ۹˰ɣ֪λŮӵƷ˵Ϊ˹ش۵ĳҲӦ֪һЩɡ
λŮȷʵǺڰ۹еˣǶӳʱµһλŮӣֻ֪һλ˿ŮӣʲôҾͲ֪ˡʵĻص
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漴Ʒһʧ
һ£ȥƷʧڣĸмţлл㡭


889 ʱ
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Ʒ΢΢̽˿֮㷢֮УǱвħ
ܿϧƷνʦ֣ټһԶԶԽʥЩħȻƷȫûӰ졣
ԣƷɵı㴳ħ
Ϣ㳬Խħ֮ƷȻ֣֮УѵȺʮλʥǿߣЦǺǣӣܿϧǲҵĶ֡
ţƷбԳ𽣣ȥ
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Ʒһ㶣ΪϵаأӦںڰ͢ˡ
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㡭޳ܵͷԲкñӦģҧгݰѾˣ־˭ȥԼǱˣҲԶԶû
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͵һ£һֻǿӲצ֣ȿסϬĳ˲еľƣڹⱬ䡣
Ǻâ֮УǵӰתͷžеıЦǺǣ˼ˡ
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Ӿһ֪˽Ƶֶ̿ˡ

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Ʒ羪һ£΢ϲһȻŭЩһŮҲµ˺֣
ȻڱϣѾ˺ۣŻصˣһЩ̿ĻܱҪʧˡ
ȻƷ粢ϲ壬ǰλбĺŮҲһλŮӣΪԼܿ࣬Ʒ粻еھΣŭѡ
һ̼䣬Ʒڵŭǻɽ緢һ㣬ŭ˼£ȫЩֵȺŭգһߣ
ЦڤվӣݺݵеĺڽСӣ˭Ǻڰ͢Ǳ·һ
һ˻ôϻƷֱӱһһ֮䣬ͬԽռıƵڤ޵ǰ
ڤɫ䣬֮£ִٰĻеĺڽƾһ˿оǰ֮ݺݵŭն˹ȥ
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ǿĽɢڤĸоԼеĳһɿµľֱֱ֮У˲ݻеĽ

ڤʹĲҽһֱۻı˿ΪһƬѪ⣬ֱӱ㱻Ƶǽ֮Уʹŭѡ
쵰
ڤŭһ͵ڳһ֣еҫǿҵĺڹ⣬ŭĳƷȥ
һƵٶȺܿ죬Ʒٶȸ졣
ݵһ
ֻһĽ֮죬ƷǷֱӴڤƣǶһĺݺݵĽֻƶڸǽ֮УǽҲ˿˴ƬѪ

ڤʹУΨһʣµһֻ־Ȼ˸ǽϣϮȫΰ޷ž޴ʹࡣ
ƷڤǼʹŤף˵㣡㲻˵ڰ͢ãΪʹ޵ľǺڰ͢ˣһܾĥ
˭㵽˭ڤŭʡ
һˣûʸʣƷŭ͵İγ𽣣ĳڤ޵
ڤ޾ֵĵɴ˫ۣһ̣кպտʮɭĽϮͫг˾

һ˺ѷΰĲҽУ÷ë
ת֮䣬ڳĪʹ֮УڤȫѪܣϱƿһ̵ѪۣĿǶĵࡣ
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˾ֲѣƷӰֱɱ˵ħһ㡣
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ʶģнȻһֱܵ뷨
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Ʒתߵ˶٣
˵꣬Ʒ㽫еıУǼλڰħʦǰ
Щڰħʦһֵ󡭡ˣŹǡԺһ
û˵꣬бպտһӹͻһͫＷ˿־壬ʶţΪǵĲ֮Уһ̵Ѫڡ
Ʒ𽣣һڽڵĵˣΪһ׵ķŹ𣿡
ವһ
ƷѾ֮⣬ЩӴܵȺеĳ͵һ

ƷһȥǶһ㣬ĳЩӴܵȺȥ
ݵһ
ϬĽ⣬Ĵ˵ؿڣҽһȻȥ
˾ֲѣȽʱ겻ɢһ㣬һӾƵǵǰڿգǵǰ
ͣ£
ӴһȴɫֵǰƮų亹
⶯Ǻܴ֮ˣƺ޲˵֮Ѿ˱ҡ
͵ģɫֵĻعͷİ֮ͻȻһɭĺһӰ˳
˵ˣһ߲ˣƷĴӺڰֳΣдŭɫǼɱ⡣
ǿƷ籾ʵ
Ʒ׼ɱ֮ʱƷв磬⶯Ѿ޷ˣ˹شۻƷ뻢ء
ʶѾ޷ˣݺݵս˳Ѿû·ˣĻ͸һƴˣ
ǣ
Ӧ׷˳ѾǷòٿ־塣
־ܿϧǻǵƷ˵
ɱ
ӱһľλʥǿ߱ͬƷɱ˹ȥ
Ʒɫһ䣬ٿ֮£ԭͻȻֶˣųеЩйķ˻
ݣ
һӹһƬҽУѪɽɽ֮¡

ӵһ˵ȥ
ţֻصƷУֻǵص֮У˼߱ʬ塣
̫ˣ
ǼѾˣԭǵһήˣ⽣ʵ̫¹ˣ֮䣬Ȼ׵ɱ˵ʥǿƷмֱϰС


891 ſ
˿̵Ʒ磬ɱ˰ĶħﷺѪ⣬ǰЩνʥǿߡ
ƷЩ˵ˣһ߲ˡб˭ǣҿԸǣѾҷˣһУǺڰ͢Ҳ޷İɣ
ߣҲԲùӳһɫһݣϳȼһǿҵĺڹ⣬ڵѪҺǷȼ
˼ƣҲ׷ȼڵʥѪ
ȼʥѪƷѾǱƵ˾·
˵ȼʥѪ֮ʵǿƷ˵ûʲô
ɣҲ˷ʱ䣡Ʒ𽣣ɱ
ɱ
ӱһͬˣɱڵĳȥ
Ʒгһһӵλӵǰ˵ܺãǵһ
˵꣬ƷĻȥһӹһлȵ⡣
λӸûܷӦϱ㱻˲仮һѪڣҽеĻᶼûУڷ
ͨһ
˵ȥĿƷԭز
һ˿ûмǵĳơ
͵һ£λʥǿͬʱƵƷǰŭնȥˡ
Ʒһݺݵһɨֱɨ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬һƬ֮λʥǿ߾ǾֵļԼеĳȻضˣһɿµĽű
ݣ
һ죬ɴ䣬ƷЩֵܵݺݵı㽫λʥǿߵնΪ룬ѪֱҲ̶õ䵹ڵء
ת֮䣬ֻʣλӶˣɫֵĶƷ硣
ȼʥѪ֮û뵽ԶԶ޷ƷƥУԼ̵ͬıǸȫˡ
˺һŮˣģܲҵ˵Ҳ·ˡƷ𽣣顣
ɵŸʲôɱӴһͬһλ飬ȫ֮ŭƷɱȥ
Ʒ߷ЦȻιʧ

һ㶣պ˸ա
ϧʵ̫ˡһһɺϮǵ
ͫױûü㾪ֵĸоһɿµĽ
ݵһ
һʺɫѪ˺պոоԼͷԼٵ˿Ȼ๾Ĺڵء
һһƷ㽫ǵͷ­նˡ
ͨһ
ʬƷĽ£Ʒ𽣣䲻̶Ƭ֮䣬Ʒ羹նɱʮλʥǿߡ
Ժڰ۹ҲƷĵˣҹúݺݵش˺ڰ۹һʧʮλʥǿߣ˹شҪѪɡ
֮УҲѺķˡ
Ʒɴһݣз˶ͷ˳
Щںеķ˻֪ʲô飬ֻͻȻ䷢ƿţȻ֮ܳ󣬱㿴ڵЩҲ̶õʬ塣
ˣˣһ˼Ĵš
ߣߣ
ŴһѵõĺôǴأ
Щ׷׵֮ȥ
ʱƷУհĻص˾ƸֻȻʱû
ϾʹͻȻ䷢ô£һкڰ͢ڤ˵ܲᾪڰ͢
ԣڶΪȫġ

ʱ޸ռ֮Уشıָơ
Ʒǰǰ˺۵ıвһֻһ޹˶ѣõʹ𣿡
뵽ڴˣƷб֮עڱϡ
ܹ֮֮ػõ֮ϴ񣬱ϵһӱȫĻָˡ
ģƺָʶë΢΢һ˫ۣ㿴һϤݣдżЦݡ
ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ҡҡһ£Ʒ磬зỨһӾǱסƷ磬ǺӰ۵ʹ
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Ʒ϶ٶκŮر뷨ôίƷ籾µĻıһ±οˣⲻû𣿡
ÿ£ĺÿ£ţһҵģءֽס滨һ㣬ǿͣ
˵ףҲһλ֦ҶĹȻܵʹĥЩɥܲί
Ʒܲ˵ľŮӿɿ˱˵ôˣѾȫˣ˺ˣҴ飬Ի塣
ͷСһ㣬̧ͷżɬĶƷмллңղֻһʱԲŶ㡭
Ǻǣû£͵Ѽ䰲οƷ絭һЦ
ѡͷвӹһ˿ʧ
˻ƷЩְ˵ˣΪҪȥ֪ǻʹôΣգⲻȥѵΪ˼ĸ𣿡
˵Ѿˡ޺޵Ļصϵʹȴѳ
㵽ΪʲôѵʲôƷ缴ʡ
صҪĿģҪ
ЦǸôһŮǱôΣյĵطΪⶫƷһΣ»׵ġ
͵ܳġҡҡͷ
͵ܳģƷüͷһ壬Ҳ̫˰ɣⶫôҪ𣿡
ȻҪҵҪҪԥĻص֮Уԭп˵ıӻ˳˯ˣȴŴһǸΨһܹ˵ķֻҪ˾ſɻˡʱǾͲҪںڰ۹Ҳ䵽˱΢ĵλкܶ嶼ǱƵġ
ǧǰ𣿡Ʒ缴ʡ
ȴһ˵Σ֮ʱֻҪſߣɻˣΪ֮ڣǱҪſص
ſôںڰ۹أƷ粻ʵ
Ŵ䣬Ϊ峤ȥػĸױǺ峤뿪Һ͸֮ĸױ㽫ĺˡɫȻԵޱȵįǴżֺ⡣
ھֻкںڰ۹𣿡Ʒʡ
бıҲʮ֮ǰĪʧˣ˵Ҳںڰ۹Ҳ뾡˰취ǲڶǱڰ۹ϧѾ˵⣬ʹ
ˡƷͻȻ뵽ʲôҳһŹͼƣõǰ˵㿴ǲⶫ
һ£΢΢Ʒȥɫ͵һһ


892 аŭ
̤Ьٴȫѹû뵽ʧıƷ
ǱϲѣҪˣ׼һù
ⲻ֪Ʒ羹ǽǱ˻˵ȱŸˣΪʲôⶫ𣿡
ΪΪʲôʵͻȻоƷɫˣƺʲô顣
ƷһӶŻһ̶ӵʱֵĶȻǵǼλȫ֪Ҫأ㺦ҵѣҲɥ˵ⶫǲǻӦõøǣ
ԭ˵ͷо㵲ѣĬȻ̾ѹһҸɳȥѰʿѾʧˣԭѾ⵽˲⡣
ûǶѾҵƷ絭ĻصǰƷ̲סǳʹ塣
ⲻѾǶѾܵ˳ͷҲǱζѣ幫ݣʾǸ⡣
һǸͿȥеĳޣҪĻҲøһɣƷص
ֻҪǣԺѣǻˣҲԵõ˵ıӻ
ӻҪ𣿡Ʒ粻мĻص
ҪʲôֿˣΪ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ʲôҪʱҰǣôӦһƷ˵
УֻҪܰǣҸԻӦκͷ˼ƷϵıֵǡڿԸ𣿡
Ǻǣڷܱϰȫö࣬ʱͼұܰɣȵ壬ԻỹǡƷЦЦ
ãɲƭҡ˵
õƭ𣿡Ʒ۱
ɫһ죬˼Ʒ磬ʵˣһ֪˭أԸ𣿡
ǺǣҽƷ硣ƷЦݡ
ʲô㡭Ʒ磡ԾĵɴӣҲŷǲţ־λӶƷ磡
ǰʲôֵġƷ絭Ȼ
ҡҡˣһʱ޷ƽо飬û뵽ǰλѾոʶõˣȻڴ½Ϊʢ
ˣֲʲôõô𣿡Ʒΰ˵
ȣȻþȣݵǿأҲഫţȻаǼһﶼһھǰһң˵ܲ𣿡ǻհļЦ
ģƷ۱˵ܰȫʱɣҰ飬Ի뿪
ͷﻹֹסļȴ̲סʵΪʲôΪλ˿Ů𣿡
ҵӡƷصϴżɫ
ӣ˼£ɫһǿһЦݣһƯɣ
ȻƷ΢΢һЦԺﲻɸֳѩ˿ǰ˵Ӱʵǰıѩ˿мƣҲҲƷԸȥȱԭ֮һ
֪ˣȻ֪ΪλʹһߵġЦֻЩĪĸо
ɡƷ緺˿ɬˣҲˣֻίˣҶûҪ
ллмǷѼĸл
Ʒ΢΢ͷʧС
յĿռУĪ˸ȻƷֻʶãƷȣڱѾ˶ƷҪλ

˿̣Ѿȥʱͷ
ڣʹ֮Ѿ˻ңĹѺڵѾӳˡ
ЩЩʵ֮УȻкЩɹӳ˻ʹ
û취ʹＸǱصʥǿ߶ˣ˶Ӵܣ޷ȫƷ
ʵˣȴǱɱ
˹شϢ֮ŭһҹ֮䣬Ѿ趨õľ֣ǲǱڵлʹǿ߾ӢȻ˷ѺڵıȴѾʧˡ
Ϊ˵ǣΪڰ͢ڤޣȻҲڵ֮С
һΣνǶԺڰ۹ش
·֮ʢŭ˹ش۱ǲʼ۹дΧѲ飬۶Ҳ췭˼飬Ȼ޽
һ֮˹شҲʼľۼڲ֮󣬱ᷢ塣
Ͼ¿Ϊ˹ش۵Ȼìͷָ塣
κΣ˴δһʱ仹޷ս˹شֻںڰ͢
ħɽаУ
ڱչеİа˹Ҳ⾪˵Ϣˣ
аУһȺˣûһ˸̧ͷ
ʲôڤˣаȻŭϷǿҵɱ
ǡǣڤֵȷʵˡһλ߻ֵ̿Ļص㽫ʹһһ߸˰а
аϢ֮üͷ壬ҲΪ侲ɻ˵˵ǱѰȻڱĵϷĻǴ˺ܻܿǼһ
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ǧսǼһҲֻشѣȴӴʧȥӰʱǧ꣬һѾˡаɫذĻص
ڸΣʵ
ߣΣɱҽߣԲ׵ķŹаһȥ˹ǼһʱҪǾʱڻʹֻҪһЩʱҪúñչأչ֮󣬾ǼһﱾҲ壡ǧһս֣ÿԺúˣ
ǣ
˹亹ΪⰵаɢϢʵ̫ˡ
°ɣûʲôر鲻Ҫűа˵һӻһɫʧڴ֮С
󣬺ڰ͢ʣµʮһλаʿص˻ʹ
˹ش˺ڰ͢ϢҲΪܣȵа֮󣬱ǻ֮ʱ
Ҳı֪׷ʲô飬ѾһΣ
Ƕѩ˿Ļ£ûоʹֹǰ˺ü졣
ѩ˿ݣڰ͢޷֡Ϊѩ˿׼ȷ˵Լϣ˵Լݡ½֮˭ҲɵŮ۹Ĺ벻ЩŮӾƷҪˡ


893 ؾ
ʱţתۼֹȥա
ֵǣԭʹзô顣˵˹شۿ϶ΪʢŭȻ۹Ѳ顣
ǣڵ۶֮УȻϳİֵ֮ϣȻһЩڼ֮ǰǰֶչѰʵ졣
ǣⲢûӰ쵽Ʒļƻ
֮Ʒ͵͵˻ʹ֮һΪرĵطǱǺؾ
ؾڻʹһƬɽ֣ﳣ걻֣գ溬ŶΡ˵ؾʮ֮ΣգΪ½֮һ
Ȼ˭ܲ²õΪڰ۹еı⣬ȻһƬ֮СƷ粻ĶԼϢƷҲ֪
ؾ֮УȷʵΣ֣ʥǿ߽붼ᱻ档Ϊؾ֮УѲ˿µħֻҪ˺ؾıЩθϮؾ֮УݷһЩµޣûй涨·֮Ҳ⵽ЩĹ
ԣؾ֮УĵſսؾķȻڰ͢ҲԺڰ۹ĹȤ԰аҲ޽ֻǺؾﵽ׻ʲôͲ֪ˡ
ʱƷѾһƬ֮С
ǽؾڣ˰أҲһܰصĶξѰ˵ȿܣһλǿߣҲд̫á
Ʒ粻ͬѾǰٶ֮壬ֱܵǺȥ
߽һƬƷǿ֮ҲֻסķΧƺЩθо˵Ľ룬ӵƷ
Ʒɫƽס˺ΪɰǰߣȫܶεӰ졣
ĶϢڽؾʱȱôصĶΣ֮УӦЩݷڶħޣֻҪһֱǰ߱ԣȴһΣɽؾħ֮С
ʱƷ֮Уﲢǰ㣬Ϊﲢû󣬶һƬֺ֣ܴܼЩļѵء
ؾ֮УƷҲرʵΪģڰ͢ҲЩ룬ֻҪֳһЩĲһ޷ڰ͢ˡ
ƷԺܷɰں֮У֮ѸסⷽԲķΧֻҪһ˿Ķᱻ̱Ʒ
Ϊ˱Ʒ绹ǲԼϢ¶ôԣҪĶƭԼģǿɾ鷳ˡ
ãͻȻƷ緢֣֮һɹǿϢ
ˡƷ簵вֳ𽣡
ЩﱾطãʹƷϵϢЩﻹǶƷϵζеǳС
ƺЩˣƺͣһٵıƽƷ
𣡡
һŭ֮һڵ֮Уһֻ޴͵Ȼ˶趯˫צſ޿ڣʰĳƷѹȥ
󣡡Ʒһͦ𽣣ֱӳǾ˺ն˹ȥ
ݵһ
һĹâӹϬ𽣲̵ĽǾ޻˺նΪ룬Ѫɽĵڵϡ
Ʒѳһ̣ٵԾһƬ
Ʒʵľӵʥ򼶵ʵҲƷһ֮С
޵ĵȥŨҵѪζǿҰĴɢ˿ȥ
Ķ޿ǶѪζǳ֮Уڵ֮У㾪ȻһѪ⡣
ôࣿƷ簵Ϊһ֮ӦȥҲнֻޣʵ˵ã໹߱ʥ޼ʵֻûʥ޵ǣҲԿԵޡ
飡飡
һľ죬һֻֻ޴ɱƷ磬˵ֻƷɱľ֮ǰ˺ҧѪ⣬Ƕġ
ƷøЩ޾ô࣬ЩʳԼͬʬ壬ƷϽǺȥ
κΣû߳Զ
ǰ֮ɭ˳ĶƷ硣
ߣǸ鷳Ʒΰһе𽣣ȻҪҵĵֻɱһ
ڰеǼֻǿĶ޸оƷɾƣһǺбڶֻȻ߱ʥ޼ʵ
Ʒ޾ɫӶе𽣣֮ĳЩ޳ɱ˹ȥ
һ
һֱֻſǳѪڣǵذƷҧȥ
Ʒɫ𽣣ӭǰѹǾ޿бնһĽâ
ݣ
ƺҪռ䶼˺ѣǶǿҲԶԶ޷סһ
ͣ
ƬѪɽֻնеľûüУŴ㱻ݺݵĽΪ룬ĽƲ壬˲ݻǶ޵ࡣ
һ
Ǿ޳ĵڵϣ״Ѫܡ
𣡡
ʣµֻޣȴǻȻ˹
ЩޣѾûκǣҲʧǰĵ־ƥСֻһζΪԼʳʣƷ
һ£һ˫޴צץƷ硣
Ʒ͵һתһȥ
Ǿ޵צץУſҧȥ
͵һ£оȻһǿĽƣһƬƬεУ̵ĴݲǾ޵塣

ƷһȣֱһǾǺ󷽴ȺĶ˦˹ȥ
һ
ǾڵأѪܣЩʵĶ޵ӵϣǾ޵Ѫʬ
һֻľޣȻ壬͵Ʒ˹
Ʒɫһ䣬绬ĴǾ޵˹ȥؿ֮͵һݺݵĴȥ
ݵһ
ƷֱһǾ޵ؿڣĽĶ˳С
𣡡
Ǿʹĺһĵ˵ϡ
Ʒ絭𽣣ͷҲصǰȥ
ֻ޵Ѫʬ㹻ЩʵĶˡ
ȻЩ޼ֻ޵Ѫʬ£ͲȥƷ磬ǽĿЩѪʬϣŷӶᡣ
Ʒޱ飬صĺ
߲ãǰֳһƬ֣ЩԵøӵܼüΪĹŹ֣棬ɢһɭɭϢ
ħڵ𣿡Ʒ簵š
ȻǰһƬ֣ƺעһЩоǻһ㣬ӦþǺؾµħˡ
ħƲãȥĻػ𾪶
Ψ֮ƣҲֻУֱӴħд롣ֻҪɹħ󣬱Ե׺ؾеı֮ء
Ʒ붼û룬Ҳ֪ħ󵽵׻кΣգƷֱӱһƬɭɭĺ֮С


894 
֮УʱʱǹǺؽȴϢﲢκεϢ
Ʒ֮УʱܱߵĶ
ȻѾãƷ羹Ȼûпʲôط˺ֻǺ֡
ѵǻ𣿡Ʒиеɻ󣬲ͣ˽Ųı˫ۣӦΧĶ
ȻƷ羹Ǿ㵵ĸоЩ־Ȼƶţϵı任ŷλѹԼһֱ߲ȥˣԭǱҪȥĻ治֪ȵ²߳
ȻˣǾֻˣƷɫһסǰһλãὣһɨ
ݵһ
Ľȥŵĺֵȥ˲һƬ
ⲻ֪ЩضϵľȻˡ
治򵥡Ʒһò̾ȷʵõļΪ£ǿйƵĻвͨģѰƵĻֺΣա
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Ǻǣһﻹͦ򵥵ġսһЦɫһֵ㲢Ǻڰ۹ˣû뵽㾹ȻܹԽ
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һ̣ƷѾʹ˼£궼һ㡣Ժ֮УǱһ㣬ʹ֣ʹҪʧȥʶ
ɣ㾹Ȼʹ޳ֶܵΣƷƾһ˿ѵʶŭĳս
ΣĻ꾵дսǵЦɣĻ꾵еĻתΪħιʱ޿̶ħħвϸʹࡣ̼̼꣬ʶʱ˵Ҫɱ㣬ħҲԼɱԼúȥʹɣʱҵˣ
ߣƷӲκˣΪССħƷңƷһ㼫ȶ񡣾ı˫ۣһ㣬ĽҾ硣
˵ħϵĳƷĻꡣ˵ʹҪԽϵĥ
Ʒǿʹ࣬ס֮άԼĻꡣ
ˣ
Ļ꾵ƺоƷĪĵִ֮͵ǿħĹ
ƷԵüΪ侲ѾȶħĻǿޱȣƷȫѾ亹ǱȶԸаҪӵĳ
ôܣ
þòܴݻƷĻʶĻ꾵սǱŭ
ȻĻ꾵һӴϹ⣬̼佫ƷڣħЯŻϵĳƷĻꡣ
侲һҪ侲Ʒ簵ţǳĪʹƷ绹ǿţһС
ħϣֹƷÿһ֣ƷĻ巴õ˴֮ͬȻڲϵš
ģƷƺħһ֮Ʒƺһ硣


898 ħVSħϣ
ʱħеĻÿһΣƷ֮᱾ԵĽеֿڲϵĴ֮УƷ֮ÿһֶǿš
ô£սΪ󣬲ϵĴĻ꾳еĹƷ硣
ƷŹޱȣƺǱһʯһ㣬һԭϵʹ֮ɫҲʧˡ
Ʒľ·һб޹һ㣬ÿһ˿ĹƷ綼ʩչ֮ȥֵ
ʱƣƷ֮ԽԽǿĻҲǱԽӵǿʵĻҲƺΪƷеϰߣƷ練еϣɻһֱȥ
ģսһջĻ꾳еռеǵɫⲨҲʧˡ
һ£սĻ꾳ǹŭƷ硣
ڣȻƷ羲ҲֵĻᡣ
ݣ
һĽޱȷŭսͦƷ˹ȥɭĳֱƷؿڡ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ⳤϮƷʱ
͵һ£Ʒ羪Ȼ˫ۣ˵Ĺâһ˫Ѫӽǰɱеս
ս˾һ£ڼƷһ̣սɸеһɷĸоϵĶҲŻһ
սݳٻһ̣ƷͻȻһЦеһٰĵǰ
һ
սһǴ𽣵Ľ֮ϣǿҵĺڹ⣬ӿˡ
ͬսһмкĻ꾳еĻһȴ޷˵ƷĻ꣬ΪƷûһ֣ʶҲ޳κεĻ㱡
ܣսĴһ
ߣûʲôܵģˣƷһӴĿħ͵עУһҫ۵ĺӿһɾ˵ݺݵսеǳкѹ˹ȥ
һ
սֱһ飬һ𣬾һ˾ǵ˳ȥ
㣬սɳ֮ԶſסΣ𾪵ĽƷѽĹôĻ꾳ʧЧأ
ƷȻ𽣣ս˵սĻԶ޷ԽԼģҲһֱδͻ񾳵ԭ򣡡
ٷϻңΪĻ꾳ʧȥЧãսеԵüΪĲʣĻ꾳ԼħȻƷĪƽˡ
ⲢûʧȥЧáѾҿܻˣź˵Ļ꾳Ȼǿ󣬵˵ÿһζܱĻ꾳ܡʵӦøл㣬ûĻ꾳ҵ֮ҲٵõһͻˡƷĻصھĻ꾳ĴƷ֮һףﵽλн׵ľ磬֮Ļ꾳еĻ֮ҲԶĻ꾳Ҳȫ˺Ʒˡ
ߣԭˣһСʵսһκҪӡ
ûҪ˵ЩˣȻ㲢κεĳԹҶĻ꾳ȤԾֻܲ˼ˡƷ
˵꣬ƷͻȻ͵սǰû˶Ļ꾳Ĺ˼ɣƷҲԴչֽˡ
սûȫӦƷǿһ㳯Լն˹ԵռŤƺ챻˺ˡ
֮£սֻĻеħעǿħӭƷһȥ

ĳһ˲Ӵľˡ
ԣƷϵҪԶԶʤһֱӽսеħݺݵѹȥ

սŭһȫҪˡ
ϧսƷʵ໹̫Զˡ
һ
ǿƲ֮УսѪֱֱ˳ȥǱѡ
ϧˣûĻ꾳УҲûʲô𡣡ƷԶķŭҪս
սö챬ըˣŭʵСӣϼһﵽʲôˣ
ʲô٣ҲʶƷԸɻ
ߣΪҲ֪㲢ڼˡΪڵĿħѪʵ뷲ϼһҲ࣬Ҳ֣սŭе
˼Ҳ֪ʲô٣Ҳʲô֣ҵΪ˶ᵽĻ꾳飬һ޹أƷ缫Ϊ䵭ĻصĻ𽣣ڵעС
䣡
ռ𶯣ˣƬռжһɼΪѹֵϢƷϵһ㣬Ƿź𽣣ƺҪսĲþһ㡣
ҪɱңΪô𣿡սЦһھȻһǿҲʼҵ
ƷȥⷢеսסսڵĿռ
ȻƷһŭն˹ȥ
һ
նȥͽȻֳһ޴ѪɫâһĽҪռ䶼˺ѿһ㣬սڵĿռѾȫѹˣ޴ӡ
룡սЦһһǿҵİѪɫâŵĽսסˡ
䣡
޴ĻâݺݵĺǺ֮УȻһɿֲıը嫵ϵĴŰţԭԿҪܲסĺǱƿһ̵Ѻۡ
֮䣬ƬҰһƬģһ磬ƻ֮صܣ졣
ƷԭزһսĻ꾳ĻƷ絹صģΪƷ޷ݻĻ꾳
ģǱϢʼȶ
Ʒ粻üͷһ壬˵ǻսĻӦн˲ǣΪʲôȴȻأ
Ʒչȥ֮ʱ
ȻƷ羹Ȼķ֣ԭսڵĵط־۾һѪɫšǹ֮Уպһɿµа֮
ֻǣа֮ƺƷ÷ǳϤе㲻š
ʱǰѪɫĹ֮УǹֳսӰ
ò˵սħ׷ȷʵǿӲԼǿĹսƺܵˡ
ֻڵսԵüΪǱĿѾ˸ɭѪ⣬ϵϢϵطš
аƷԽӵĸеɫһ˼飬еĲ²ѾԽԽӽʵˡ
֪Ϊʲô˽𣿡սЦһϵа͵ǿ˼֣ȫļǲϵǿš
Ʒ羲Ķսȴ־һ㣬һĻʵ̫ˡ
˶٣սֿһΪұӵѪˣ
˵꣬սȫһӿһˡ
սϵѪһĹսͷһħһ״̬
ƷǾע֮£ȫѪ忪ʼڵħǿ
ħ״̬
ħ״̬
ľǿµѪ֮УսƷ㣬һλȵĿУĴԾ޴״һ˫ɭѪɫӣĶƷ硣
ڵƷ磬ȴѾˡ


899 ħVSħ£
ħѪ㾹ȻˣƷԾĵɴ˫ۡ
ûұˣѾˣֻսս˵
Ʒ絹ûشսĻǻ˵ڻԭλûλ˵Ļ
Ʒ羹ʵǷ˵ĸף
ߣսһ类ˣúӣҪ˵λз˵ĸףӦԭɣѾǻ˿ǧˡսߵ
ɣȻΪһ˿Ĺǿ˵壡Ʒ
ΣֻҪܹһһʲôұңҲǶıսеϳųޡ
ߣ㵽εõģƷʵ
Ǻǣ˹Ǽһҵ߹ұ㽫ܸҵ壬ֻϧʵ̫ˣħѪ˲ȻѾͻˡսЦЦƷ˵ͦչҵģȻ͵ҵǰֻҪõ壬аΣ
а񣿡Ʒһ㶣𽣵˵˵ʲôȻõͽܸ׵壬ȻҲҪ
ЦսЦһɫ͵һȫǿҵѪ⣬еĳɱڵıƵƷǰ
Ҫ۵ģսŭһŭһĳƷϺն˹ȥ
Ʒ粻Ҵ⣬սħ֮ʵѾﵽ񾳣Ļ꾳еҲǿ֮ټϱƷƷҲô׾ͿԶԸս
ǿһƷҲû֮⣬𽣣ϵľڵĿħԴԴϵעС
ݵһ
Ʒ羹ǳսһն˹ȥϲ·硣
䣡
žײһ㣬ɿֲڼѹбըŰ˿ŤĿռ侪ȻѶ񱩵ӿĴ
һ£˸ȫһ𣬱˴˳ȥ
ԣƷ类˵ľҪԶһЩղһǵӲҲƷиеԣսʵеĻҪǿ
սͷѾѹһЩƷ磬ΪܣеĳǿҵѪ⣬Ʒնȥ
ն
ͬǸղսʩչһУȴʮ
𣡡
һ޴ĺɫȻ֣Ҫ˿ռ䣬
Ʒɫأʮ˽ʽٵʩչһźĽȻֳӭǺȥ
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ǺңӭĽһһݻ٣޴ֱӱƵƷǰǿֲаѹ˹ȥ
Ʒʾһе͵ֶ
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ݵһ
˲˺֮Уת֮ƣһķǺľ
ʱ䣡
һĽâǺȫĺʹĺһҲܲסĴݲУȻ䱬ը˿
һ
޴ĺ㻯ΪķĩƬĿռҲǺıը˿ӿ˵ľˡ
ȴȻƷٿ֮УƲսٷ˹ȥ
սҲƷĽ˼֣ŭеħһҹȥ
͵һ£սӭ𽣺ն˹ȥ

һȴ羪է죬һǿһӵĹ⻪
ƷĻԵĲһڲٿУսǽֱһǿĻ֮ǰҪǿˣƷ綼ܹȫܡ
̣Ʒ統˻ڿա
ȥɣսŭһ͵Ұһ㣬ֽħֳƷɱ˹
Ʒ޾ɫ˫һչڵĿħޱעУ֮Ҳӿ롣
򽣹ڣ
Ʒһԭŵ𽣾Ȼı仯ɰǧǹֵһ㣬ӭųսεϮ˹ȥ
οôֵҵĹƷһ
ݣݣ
һЯ𽣿ϮⲢǻþΪÿһǾʵģҽеǿޱȡ
ս亹һʹ½ǧ꾪ţҲδȿµĽѾȫսʶΧ
սһǿȻƷһΪ˵ýսƺκεηͦӭжϡ
飡飡
һľ죬սһһĴݻ𽣵Ĺ
κ𽣶಻սֻܳӭȴ޷ٱƽƷһ֡
ŭ֮£սɴ㶨סӣĻеħϵĵֵÿһĹ
ݣݣ
ʵ̫ˣսûʲôͷֵۣһ֮һѹȫսκδϢĻᡣ
һӣǷķɽǻսϣĽսϵħ׶˺˿Ѫ֮УʹսΪŭ
쵰ӹսŭһ͵һնħӿ˶׺ĽֱӴݻЩɽľ
͡
ƣƷѪź˼
սϵĻ꾳һΪֵ⣬Ʒֳ˴
սһƷܴΪܣ͵ԾƷͷϿ֮һСӣɣ
һ
Ƭռ䶼Ҫһ㣬ֲĽ˺˿ռ䣬ѹƷն
ƷɫһƺһĶעһ㣬͵һûʮӰȴǿٵ˿
䣡
һ죬ԭӵըһ㣬ƻ֮εӿѹռ飬ԭƷ÷ԻΪ˷顣
һ̣Ʒ練ӵսϿ֮
Ψ֮ʱƷֻܽϣһϡ
ʽƲ񷣡
һľ죬Ʒһָ߾𽣣ָϿ֮
ָĵطͽȻֳһӴйţ֮ζһ޴Ľһ˸еϢϢ˲סƬռ䡣
ս͵Ļͷ̧ͷһ
ʲôͽ޹ģսһɫ˼£ԭҲŤħĳª
һ
һ޴ĺεضսֽħǿһǻһͳȥ
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𣡡
еľ޴ų䣬ҫ۵ĺ⣬סƬռ䡣Ʒֽ𽣣ھ֮Уһĳ¡
һ̣ռֹһ㣬ӴƬռ⻪ѾڸסеһС
䣡
Ǵ۵Ĺ⻪ͬǷŭƷսһǿǿһȥĹâһ



900 ħ
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ռҵĲţǿڷĳš
ƬĿռ䣬Ťϣĳ֮䣬ռǳܲסȻ˿
Ʒսֳ֡

սţڵĿħȻתΪħԴԴϵעħ֮Уħеϵǿš
Ʒ粻ʾڵĿħ֮ƺΪһ壬սѾʼѹս
ţƷһе͵ǿĽŰƬռ־ֺۣϣϢޱȵĻҡ
սƺҪֵסˣѾʼ΢΢ŤѵĿռƳĿռϵĴϮս
Ʒƣٶȷ
սеħѾԽʥķ룬ƷеȴҪԶԶǿսħʽǿ֮£𽣵ǿҪӵ˼¡
һ
Ŀռ͵ĵӴƲ˵ֱƵƬռ䶼ѾҪܲסĳҲҪݻˡ
˿սɫԵΪʹ࣬ħ׾ȻռĴϮ֮УȻ˿һ絶һľս֮С
սʹУŤڵħĽԵüΪķŭʣһսǾԲܵģ
͵һ£սڵħֹҫӴĺڹš
Ʒһޱ飬ս˿̵ħƷҲ޾ɫ
ȣ
Ʒһϱǿҵĺ⣬һϵĽɫӽбŭĳսһһĳս
һ
ֱӳսϵħݺݵսϱը˿

սʵĴһϵĺڼҲ޷ǿһĳϮΪһƬһƬؿϵĻ꾵Ʈ
Ʒ˫һ͵ǰһץĻ꾵һս𿪡
飡
һ죬ըһ㡣
սѪٵĵ˳ȥд˼µĲʡ
䣡
һ죬Ҳ޷ܣ׵ıˡ
Ȼ䣬ڰʧƷֻصԭȵĶ֮С
ʱսȴǵһƬʯѷ֮УȫѪܣԶѣڵħʧѾս
ҡǲܵġս˵ʹĳӡ
ݵһ
һ˸źĳѾָսǷס
ȷʵǰˣƷƷ絭˵ֵҫõսƷĻ꾵һЦǺǣĻ꾵Ժˡ
Ļ꾵սŭһʹȴĵŭƷ硣
ǺǣƾӻʲôʸĻ꾵Ʒ粻мһЦ
սһȻﲻʣѾûսˣʵңǲǷϼһģ
ʵ˵ĲʶˡƷҡͷɻ󣬲ʵҵһ㲻ף㱾ˣΪλѡ嵽ױʲôΪҪ˽ĺ̵
ʵˣսĻص
ΪλӵпħѪõħѪҲûôľƷԵ
ǽһϹ֮Ѫӵ˿ħѪ֮սһߵǵħѪ֮ҪҲա
ϹƷһ㶣ڻвֳԼħ䣬˵ӦҲйܵ弮
ȻƷħҵ弮΢΢һɨ弮ݱƷԺ֮С
٣峤Ʒ૵˵ⷲѾǰˡ
ꣿսһ㶣ʣأ
ˡƷص
ˣôܣսɫɴ˻սʣôģ
ȷʵˣѾǰˣ弮أΪ˾һС˵ţƷͻȻסˣΪ˾㣡
ңЦôܣսΪļݺݵ˵뷲Ϊ֮ħѪֵ˱ѪҳΪħ֮ҲİڷΪֵܡһζԸ֮ʱȻˣȻҲᱻǸһȥʹ
ˡƷս˵弮أΪ˱˵Ѫٲûߣǻ֮ˣҲΪ˾һսˣսҲ⵽֣֮ڵѾûˡ
ûߡս˴סˣɫһӱޱȵĲϣԵüΪʹ࣬ɳư֣ûߣûңҡҡ޲ɱԼҶԲˣΪʲôΪʲôҪ׽ŪˣսʲôΪʲôҪ˳ͷң
ս˺ѷΰͷŭţ۲Ѫ˿ʹᣬĹֺݺݵ߬˵ϣʹĿ޵ΪǷֱңû뵽ҲǱֵܵˣҸĸ
˰ɡƷսĻ𽣣ޱ˵ȻǴˣǱǴˣѾ޷صȥˡǿаռ˷֮ΪĿħѪͳڱݶþ
£ս̧ͷ۽Ʒ磬ʵ˵λз˵ӦΨһһ˿Ѫɣ
ǵģŵҪһĸףϧѾˣΨɱ㣡Ʒ˵
ɱҲûкôȻҲûҪֻ뽫Ķλз˵ˡսĮȻص
ߣϻʲôֵýСƷİߵ
ҵġսص
ģƷ粻⡣
ţƷɫ㵵ĿսһֺݺݵİԼؿϡ

սʹĺһһֱؿ֮УŨŨѪҺӿսǿżʹĽԼǺ˻ŵȡ˳
㣡
Ʒ羪סˣ㶵Ķǰֹ˵սŵҲűɳ
ʱսĲ԰ףʹһѪܰ˫࣬ĵݵƷǰ˸⣬˵⡭ǿħ֮ģΪģֻҪλз˵ħ֮ĵ֮󣬱㡭ɴﵽΪܵκε˺䡭ȻҶԲ壬ҡֻЩˡ󡭡ˡ
һġƷ絭Ļص
лллսѰЦЦʶţĵ˵ϡ
ս뵽һ磬峤ҲԭġƷ̾ϢһȶֳĿħ֮ģ˼


901 Ļ꾵е
ڣźıӻƷսľ޾硣
أ˹شۻ֪ԼĹ类Ʒһɨˡ֪ĻǿҪñѪˡ
ţƷ㰴ԭؾķϢ뿪˺ؾʼգκεľ
뿪ؾƷֱӽС
ѣﾹڵƷİΣ
һˡһϤƷЦֵ˱ߡ
һͻȻͣסˣɬʵ㡭û°ɣ
ǺǣôأƷ΢΢һЦб㲻ֳõĺ㿴ǲҪҵĶ
ɫĴƷ˹Увۣĳ
ʲôⲻû𣿡Ʒҡͷ
ֻ̫ˣľŴûˣлл㣬ûĻҸòΪм˵
룬һʶˣȻԸΪ˱ûܲж
û˾ͱôˣҽҵ£Ի塣ھͺúôɣû˺㡣ƷЦ
ͷƺһ㣬ǵ˵֪ҪȻӣʹɱϾǺڰ͢ĹϽ֮أҵᡭ
һΣհɣƷЦЦ
ɫһ졣
㵹ɷģ׼ҰаǼһأǶԸҲѣͲصˡƷŰЦͺúɡ
ҪСġĪֵĸоƺƷ磬Ҫࡣ
Ʒ΢΢ͷвֳĻ꾵ЦǺǣĶҪĻ꾵ˡ
Ļ꾵һ㶣Ļ꾵ʱвһ˿°ĸоʣҪⶫĶ𣿡
ȻǣⶫҿǴôءƷЦЦɽ֮̽Ļ꾵С
Ļ꾵ڣһƬޣƮ̲֮һɿµϢ
ȻƷ̽Ļ꾵֮ʱһɼΪµȴǷѹ˹ֱӽƷ֮˳ȥ

Ʒ羪һ£֮˻ȴǲɸеַĸоĻ꾵ô˿µĻ
ƷͻȻӣʵôˣ
Ʒ羪˹ҡͷһЦǺǣûʲô
˵ţƷ㽫Ļ꾵
ƷµûĻĻ꾵һԴ洢ħĻ꾵Ǳһλǿߵ꣬ʹĻ꾵ӵſµĻ
ΣƷ綼ԲὫĻ꾵ĶǶƷһôûС
ȵƷʵ㹻ɽĻ꾵еǹɻˡ
뵽ڴˣƷЦˡ
ƷǰаЦݣ

ãƷԻصƸС
ʱѽҹ
Ʒס֮ʱĶѵȺʱ
һƷĶЦǺǵʵɻˣ
ǰظҲȴðɡƷ絭Ļص
ǺǣҲµûӦǴӺؾİɣĶЦʵѲƷɫ
ǵģܴȷʵǸմӺؾƷص
ӣӦջСɣĶʵ
԰ɡƷɫƽĻص
ˣȻѾɹ˺ؾҲͲˣҪĶأû𣿡Ķ۽Ʒ硣
˼ѾұˣûиҪĶƷص
ûУĶɫһ䣬Ʒ˵ѣҪĶ棬Ǿûдģ
㣬ҪأģƷ練ʵ
Ķһ£ΰ˵˼ˣǺڰ͢Ѿˣҵûа취Ҫˣʱ䣬һ԰
ҵòˣһԼȥҪˡƷֵ
ʲô˼Ķзɱ⡣
˼ܼ򵥣Ǿ֮ĽѾȡˡƷĻص
ߣûô֪ؾֻҪһͨľӣѵ𣿡ĶһһŭԭҲΪ̰óªޱȡ
Ҫ˵ڶûҵȻô᲻ءƷ˵
Ķһ˵ֻҪǸӣһһ㽻
һͨľӾͿԻǿ湻ͨġƷдỵֵ̂Ȼ˵ջ󣬵ȷʵûиҪĶ
ϻ˵̸ҽĶŭһвֳһѺɫָƷ硣
ôв𣿡ƷĶ
ߣڴĻ˵ڰ۹ڰ͢˻᲻Ź㣿Ķߵһݡ
͵һ£ƷͻȻƵĶ
Ķɫ䣬ûüӦһֻѾĿסԼĲӣһϮĶһǺ죬ȴ־ޱȡ
Ķɲɵӣôһ֣ڰ֮УƷʵԶԶǿĶ죬ĶȻһ˿ûС
ʲôĶŭһ˵ûо㣡ǸңĻ˾Իɱ㣡
ҲףƷе˼֣˵ȻǺϲɱŮˣвңҲ͵ɱ㣡֪ܴңƼңʲô¶óҵ봥ҵĵߣ˵ǸʲôĻˣģңҲŹ
ĻˣԲк³ĶȻ޾Ʒ硣
ûк³ǾͲˣֻǣļƻòҪʲôΪҿܻܳ嶯ĽɱˣΪһûɱŮˣƷвһǿıĶڡ
Ķ͵һзǰƷһħ㣬ʲôֶζʹó
㵽˭ĶȻǿʵ
ĵˡƷص
ܺãһڵģĶ
Ҵڵ¡Ʒһ˦Ķ䵭˵߰ɣҪúϢ˵û㣬ھȥ˹شҾ˵ôһǲˡ
Ҳ㣡Ļ꾵ⶫòΪ㽫Ķ࣬裬ŭ뿪ˡ
ߣĻ굽ʲôˣƷ簵һη壬Ҳǵˣ


902 ֻϣ
ۼѩ˿ǶĻڽ
ڻʹз˴ľңڰ۹ʧأʮʥǿ߲
ԣ˹ش۱Ӹеǿ߸ȡ˺ڰ۹С
ʱڰ͢ˣȴ˹ش۴Ϊϲ
֮УʮһλˣʵǺڰ͢аµʮһλаʿԭӦʮλģ֮ǰڤҲ֮С
лλĵǵЭǺڰ۹һѩ裡˹شЦ
ǶӵĻˣǶһͬǰ塣һλͷĺ˵߱аʿ֮ףڤΪڰ͢صİǿߡ
ãһпɾҪ鷳ˣ˹ش
һоͽǰɣڤֵ֮ǶҪΪڤֵܱ𣡡ڤ
˵ţͻȻһŮӵڴлԣ֪Ǿܷ񱨳𡣡

һڤüͷ壬֮ʱڤ򶼲ûŮӵĴڣֻ˵ŮӵʵҲԼԶ
ţ˱㿴һλȵŮ˴֮С
ǺǣԭǸϡϡͰ˹ش΢΢һЦ
СŮݼۡŮ΢΢һĶ
ؿܹǰҲҵ۹еĸ֡˹شЦ⡣
飿ڤĶΪɫ֮һȻλŮӡ
û飬ؼλӦںڰ͢ɡĶЦЦ
ߣǽǼ㣬㾹Ȼܾǲ֪Ϊǵĵ˻أڤһ
߶ǡĶĻһҴ˴ǰһϢҪǣǲ֪ǿɷȤأ
ߣܴʲôϢڤĶ
ȻȤĻ߱ǡĶɫһ䣬׼ȥ
¡˹ش۵סĶ
Ķͷڤ˵ۣҿҾͲ˰ɣЩ˼Һܲġ
Ǻǣ⼸λ㿪Цģطϡ˹ش΢΢һЦ
ϷղֻһССЦصǡڤ˳˹ش۵˼˵ʵĶ˵ҪϢͦġ
ȻˣҾͼ򵥵ĸһʾɡ˶٣Ķ˵ۣǶӴ飬Ȣ֮ŮҵǸйأúúòǸŮӵݡ
˹شüͷһ塣
ƾʲô㣬һһ㣬ô֪ЩѵǼһͬﲻɡڤ
ǺǣȻҪô˵Ҳû취Ҫ˵ĶѾ˵ˣʹ˸ǡĶΪ䵭Ļصһתֱȥ
ĶߺһλӱߵߣŮҲʵ̫˰ɣҵݷͬѰɣֲǺڰ͢ҿղžӦðŮ˸ץȥ
˵ݹŹֻ֣ɼӣɵɻ䣬ŮӱõĳЩıӻڤ˵
ǸĻ𣿡һλ˵
ŲţȻ˵ˣȻ⡣ڤص
ߣ籾ȥŮӵݸú˹شһΪŭû뵽˶ѾǱʹˡ
ۣɴݾߣȥʵĻǱȻ˵Ĳڤ򼴵
ڤкθ߼˹شʵ
ߣͶڤһ罫ǶӵĻǰǻᰵваҲñһ棬ǲеĻҲʱ
˼ղգĻ¾Ͷ֮ɣͨȫ˹شϲĴЦһ
Ҳãȥ׼ڤص
ǿɾ鷳ˡ˹شۻصЦ⡣
ۿɱ˶Ǻڰ͢ĳŵڤ˵
ᣬȻᣬ¹ȥ֮󣬱ֳŵ˹شЦ
Ǹˡڤ˵գ뿪˴

ԭ
Ҳѩ˿ڵסֻ⹬ܶ˾Ϊʹػ֮
ʱѩ˿վ̨ҹɭɫϷŵˡ
ڣʱԽԽѩ˿ȴһ㿪ĵӶûСֲұ¶ݣоһһ㣬ûκεĻЦΨʹġ
˿˿
Ƕѩ˿ֻǶ洺˵С
ʱǶѩ˿ҹգԵøӵĳˣǶͻȻ˶ݵĳԣѩ˿Ǿ֮ɫ
ãѩ˿תᷳĳǶʵʲô£
Ƕ˹ȥҪӽѩ˿ʱѩ˿˹ٿңʲô˵ǣ
áãǶϲɫ˿֮ǰʹзô飬ΪҸǵĻӳ٣û뵽ոȴǸҴһϢǵĻǰ֮󣡡
֮ô죿ѩ˿һ
𣿡ǶЦǺǣҲǸ˼˵֮ѵ㲻𣿡
ѩ˿ɫȻʱʲôѡ񣬱ðɣǾ֮ɡ
̫ˣȥú׼֮ҵˡǶĴЦ
ѩ˿΢΢ͷ˵ôжôˣҲϲȽ徲һ¡
ǺǣҲǸ˼Ͼ䣬ΪİȫҲֻˡԿҸǺܿġǶЦ
֪ˣǾûʲôˡѩ˿ޱĻص
ѩ˿ɫǸ˵Ƕоˮһ㣬ðʵ˿㵽ʲôסѵôԸ޸𣿡
ˡѩ˿ҡҡͷȴ۶Ƕһۡ
ǶΣûϵ֮ǵĻˣھͲˣϢ
˵꣬Ƕ㴹ͷɥ뿪˹ԭ
Ƕߺѩ˿ɭɫ˵Ʒ磬ǽһ𣬵ҾԲҵף֮һһ羲Ŀ㣬Ҹ
ʹ䣬û뵽ǶӵĻǰˣ⾪˵ϢѸٵϯڰ۹ʿϢ֮󣬱׼ǰлʹףء
ƸУƷԵúƽš
Ȼ
Ķ˽㵰һ֮ɫƷ磬һЦǺǣû뵽㻹ͦڵġ
ǲأƷ绺˫ۡ
иϢҪ㣬ǶӵĻѾ֮󡣡Ķհ˵
ȷʵһϢһתΪƵİɣʱ壬Ͷ˵ö𣿸ƷЦ
ߣ㻹пǵĻᣬֻҪĻ꾵ңа취Ҫ˸Ķߵ
ˣԻ͸ˡƷ絭Ļһȥ
ȥģĶʡ
ﻹڡƷһĶΪȥ
Ķһĺ⣬ݺݵ˵Իڵģһ


903 ֻУ
תۣ
ʱںڰ۹ĵ۶֮Уϲգ۶ҲٽǷѣ۶ҲԵü֡
ϾóǶӵĴ飬ҲӭȢڰλӡ
Ȼ»ҲΪעأΪ˷ֹ⵷ңڰ۹ľפڻʹ۶֮УĴԿǾеĺڼ׾š
ʹ֮Уŵƽʡ
۹֮УһЩݵĹȻϺǰ빬
ľٰ죬ڻʹ֮һУݻ
ʱǶеȴѩ˿ĵļ֤֮£ʽΪ޹ϵ
֮⣬и޴Ĺ㳡
㳡֮Уϯʱ仹ڹ㳡ϾС
ԣʹææµµģ֮ˣڤǣȴǲⳡİ
ΪǶӵĻ񣬼򵥵˵Ҳ˵һ壬ƷֵĻڤǱ󣬽ƷС
֮⣬ĴнʮλʥǿߵػڼеоӢפ
ⳡǺڰ۹ٰΪעصһΣʹ֮Уɲ֪жĽʼɡ
գ˹شҲԵüΪĿģҲϵԼӵĻ
ʱ˹شͷڣӭĴĿˡ
һһЦӯӯȴޱȵ𾪣ʹıʣ֪û뵽ʹвûнӳ٣ǰˡ
Ȼһʵ𣺡Ƕӵ
ţǶֺ˹㳡֮УͬʮˣϹϾ
ɣȻ׷
Ƕ¸һΪӣ׷׻һЦ󲽶ǰоܳΪһ㣬ⳡԳƵʷ֮
գǶĺۣԵôͷ֮ڣӢһ֮緶
֮ˣǶóѣΪʼԹޡ
ȷʵյǶȷʵݺݵչ磬ֽþŮǶд֣Ǳȡ
ӭǧĽʼɵĿ⣬Ƕߵ˹ش۵ǰ񣺡ݼлΪٰⳡм
ãã˹شǶļͷ£տĴ֮գô˵ǰɲʧڰ
ģԲøʧǶһתڳˣ˵лλܹҵĻǶڴ˰л
˵꣬Ƕĳһ
Ļڳ֮޲ȡǶɱϾΪ֮Ȼܹл˴ΪøС
ȻҲһЩ˾Ƕαֻȴ˸ұֳ
˹شΪ⣬ǶЦǺǣȺɡ
лǶ
ǶͬԼĸ˹شۣһƬУߵǰ
ι˵ǶȢ֮Ů񲢲Ǻڰ۹ˡ
˵ʲô
˵öġ
ˣǼҲûϵصǵúúÿҪǳʲô⣬㸺𣿡
У㻹õŵе³ڣ˭ҷڻʹҪ£ֱ

㳡ܣλصĺڼʿСĽ̸š
СֵĳвԴһλڼЩ̸֮΢΢һ£ɭ֮Уɢһɭɱ⡣
󲻾ãһʵֻ˿С㵽
ǻŮǣʹܹ˴ųľٰλȲҪλŮǡ
˷׷չȥ
էһһλྻ¹ݾŮӻ˹㳡֮СʮλŮȻҲþŮӱʵر
ûѩ˿ˡ
ѩ˿ߵúޱ飬ŵˣʧɫϵʹһ㣬þɫ

˾ˣǾеȻֺİĸоаʼɣǶҲʵ̫и˰ɣȻܹȢ˾ˡ
Щ֮Ůһѩ˿֮ʱҲˡ
ΪԭǶӵЩӣѩ˿ֵʱһɫԵ÷ǳѿΪǶԼѩ˿Ĳࡣ
˿ǶȲԶѩ˿мϲ֡ȴãڵȵôһ̡
˹شȴ۽ѩ˿ƺҪѩ˿ȫ͸һ㡣
ƺһ̣Ƭ涼ռ羲ֹһ㣬˵Ŀⶼ۵ѩ˿ϡ
ѩ˿ߵúȴ˭֪ѩ˿ÿǰ̤һ֮ʱǱݺݵĴһ㣬ʹ಻ѡ˼ȴƮңԶĵط
Ʒ磬ӦúȽһɡҲҺɵҲܺڲ뿪ǡĲǵѩ˿ʹţǿˮĵ䡣
Ϊɲ۹ĻʹУڰĺڰ۹СǺڣϧѾ޷ˡ
ԲĲٻȥˣԭ˿һ԰ɡѩ˿ţϵĲԽӵĳأΧһƺȫѩ˿޹һ㣬ۿն
һεߣѩ˿Ϊ˶Ʒֱ뿪۹նѩ˿ɥͽǶӣѩ˿ҲѲˡ
ˣѩ˿޷ǰʵѩ˿뿪磬㲻Ʒһѩ˿ҲκԼ塣
Ȼѩ˿ɫʹеʱǧעԼУȴ˫Ｗˮ
˿㣡㣡һĺĳ
һһ
ѩ˿ѾߵǻԻ͵Ĵ֮ǰվ˹شǶǰ
һ̣ѩ˿ҲȫĴסˣһ˱Ҳ޶
Ϊһ̣ѩ˿ѾˣܽԼĽһԼϣѩ˿۶ûǶһۣ˹شҲ޶á
Ƕһѩ˿ߵԼǰ֣̲סЦ˿ˣҵһѾܾˡ
ѩ˿еĵ˵ͷ
˹شһѩ˿õĵ֮գѵ㻹ʲôֵò𣿡
ֻ̫ˡѩ˿ĻصϵĿɬȴȻνġˡȫϱߡ
ˣ˹شü
˿ԭ¡ѩ˿ص
ˣտĻɡ˹ص˵
ѩ˿ͷоͱҪӵʹࡣ
˿߰ɡǶЦ֣ݵѩ˿ǰ
ѩ˿һۣȴţǰֵĻ㣬Ǹжá
룬ʵʵ
ʧ˻ѩ˿֡
ǶĻĿŭţ˶һ㡣
Ȼѩ˿׼ǶϵݹȥʱһȴǶȻţ
ڳ̫һԵñ˶һİһһ㣬ݺݵĺ˵Ժ
ѩ˿͵һвỨΪǻþôôϤôĶ


903 ֻ£
һʵ̫Ϥˡ
Ļ룬ȴε𣬻ΪԶҲ
ôͻȻô⡣
һѩ˿ѾõứһʹǸжĸжһУεˡ
ͻȻ֮ʱԭõգ˼Ƿŭ׷ѰԴ֮
㳡פصĸ֣һһȴȫҲˡ
֮ڤ˲׼
ǶΪŭɫѩ˿ǰӣĺ˿˿
ڣѩ˿ôݵĴڡתŹ㳡еǧ֮ˣĬĬѰԼǵӰ
˹شŭѣƬ㳡ʲôˣ飡
ң
һȺڼ
˴ΪԾѭȥһλڼ˳Ǻ֮Уȫ˵ݡ
ѩ˿ȻƷӣȴеԼ󶼿
ӭǧĿ⣬Ǻڼߵ˹㳡룬˹شڵķڳ˶ȫľסˡ
Ϊ⿴ֻһڼ˴󵨵ǶӵĻ
ɣƷ罥ȥϵĺߣ¶һݣֻ˸⣬ѩ˿
ѩ˿Ʒʡ
Ʒ磬㣬ˣѵֻһ𣿡ѩ˿ţֺֻһʱʧΡ
ǰһУôʵƷϤݣѩ˿Ѿж˵ˣһ˫۽Ʒ磬ʵ𣿡
ңңȥˡƷͷϷЦݣұãƷڼǰ
һ̣Ʒ˵İ޲óȥݺݵıסѩ˿
ƺǰƷѩ˿ⳡһ㣬˾ȻĬ⾪˵һĻ
ѩ˿ᣬɫַһ˿ʹ˵ҲȥȲһԣҸоֻǶģֻƻǵҸ
˿ôôأҪ㣬Ҫ㣬ǶҪ㣬һȥ𣿡Ʒ˵
ȽĶϲңΪʲô뿪֮ǰûиңҲǶʼɣֻ뵽һʼ֮ǰͲҡѩ˿ʹ޵
ƷҡҡͷвԳˮЦ˿ǵҵһ͸ҲҵһһŮӡ֪ΪʲôҪ͸Ϊϲ㣬Դ֪Ϊ˵ȴҼҸİ㡣ʱұ㷢ģҪúð㣬Զı㣬ܵκε˺
Щѩ˿ѿ޵ÿ첻ˣΪʲôΪʲô㵽ڲŸңΪʲôôѵ㲻֪ĺ𣿡

ɵˡ
ƷЦЦˮ˵һȥɣȢ㡣
ѩ˿ĻƷϵˮֿЦڻĵͷ
ˣǶһô˵棬ԼҪȢӾȻһλİӴΣⲻ˺ݺݵĴ˼һȫĶˡ
ݵһ
ǶоȻֳһѷĳΪʹްļѩ˿Ĳ֮У˿ѵ˵ĻûңѾЩͽˣȻҵģҾ뿪ң
ЦƷǿҪȫǶǶӣѾˡЩͽƭ˿ֶζѣЩͽ¡ΪһӣȻʹĵֶƭȡһλŮӵģֶο¼
⻰ȫ·׷ۣ޲Ƕøжʧȫޡ
ѩ˿ͶǶû˼Щ֮󣬱ӵǶǶ˵ȻҴϲ㣬Ҳ޸㣬һֱ㵱ҵĶˣôĶģ
ˣǶˣ˫Ŀ죬ŭƷеСӣƻ˱ӵĺ£ҶҪʬΣ
˹شҲƷݣһͽ
䣡

һڹ˷оˣʥеĺ֣ŷĽƷΧɱ˹ȥ
Ʒɫһ䣬вԳ𽣣һ
ٵһ£ƷеһֱӿƳһɿֲĽ
Щʥǿ߻ûƽƷǰ㱻εĽݺݵĵ˳ȥ

һĲҽ𣬾˾أѪ㳡еҲµĽƵþȻˡ
ĻȫȻ
ǰڼŵľų³Ⱦλʥǿߣû뵽ƷӶû㱻ĪĽˣʵʵΪȻ
Ϊȵǣ˲֪˵ʲôݣȻڻʹпɾǳΪ
ƷУ˵ĴڣһָǶеɿǰ֣
ӵòĶҲõǶЦеĳע˺ڰ֮һҪѩ˿ɱӡ
ǣڷǶȴûпƷɫüΪ䡣һвԼҪ˺ԼֿˣƷ綨ܱҪʹĥ
˹شŭƷ磬ǺˣȻǾ뿪˶٣˹شֶǶ˵ɱŮѾˣ
Ƕ۷Ѫ˿ǷҰһ㣬ޱȵѪ޺޵Ķѩ˿˵˿Բҵģҵò㣡Ҿֻ㣡

Ƕŭһеĳһᡣ
ۼѩ˿ҪѪ֮ʱ
ͻȻ
ݵһ
һϬĳΪʵ̫ˣʹ˹شҲֻһӹǳѾƵǶǰ
һ̣Ƕɫֵĵɴ˫ۡ
ͣ
һܰɫѪǶʹĲҽһֱֻ۾ȻıǷ𽣸ˡ
ҵ֣쵰ǶʹУɫʹĿҪŤеĳѵڵء

˹ش۴ŭתֱͳһѩ˿Ϻȥ
һƣ˹ش۵ٶȺܿ죬͡
Ʒٶȸ죬ռ˹ش۵ǰĻӳһƣʵʵĶ˹ش۵һȥ
һ죡
һ죬˹شȫһֱӱ˳ȥ
ţƷһսһѩ˿һЦǺǣڣһжûˡ
ŮǲúǶƷĽ´
ƷᣬֱһǶ˹ȥ

ǶʹһϵȻѣѪȫŪˣ׷֮С
Ʒһսֱˣȫ


905 
ת֮䣬Ʒʮλʥǿߣʵף𵱳
ɫ־壬еȴֲҿƷ硣
Ʒֱѩ˿նڳˡ
㳡оȻ˻һĻ˶ΧƷǣȴû˸վھԵʵǰߡ
֮УԵüΪǱ˹ش۱ŭڤǻ𣿡
۷ģһ߲ˣһϳڹ㳡֮ȻһһֳڤǵӰƷǸΧסˡ
ڰ͢
˼ڤǵĳ֣Ϊľϲ
Ʒ˷УŲڤǣԻеѩ˿Цʵ˿𣿡
ڣʲô¡ѩ˿ɬһЦֽƷ硣
ߣǾ͸ЩαļһһݺݵĽѵɣƷһȻ塣
㵽Ǻˣڤ
вգǵүүƷ磡Ʒ
Ʒ磡
һʵ̫ˣȫ
˹شǶǾĿ࣬ƷǺˣǿǴ½½ǿӶ˵аƷ
ڤ⻰ҲǴΪľ㵡ǲη壬һʹƷ硣
ߣƷ磡󵨣ǽ͢δ㣬㷴Ǻڰ͢ĵˣȻˣǾ뿪ڤһŭѡ
Ʒ磬ǿЩ뿪Ҳϲѩ˿˵Ȼ˵£Ͼںڰ͢ĵѩ˿ٻᵣǵġ
İɣûµģȻѾˣǾͲܾôˡƷЦЦڤǼΪм˵ûǵôأ
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һ£ֱӽƷѩ˿棬ڤǵӰҲʧǺڰ֮С
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Ƕʹĵ˵ϣܵ˵Ǳ
Ϊմ飬Ƕɵõѩ˿û뵽ʧȥѩ˿ԼҲʧȥһֱۣǳԴˡ
ʱƷѩ˿һƬڰ֮УԸоܱǿɭϢ߸ǿصĽǳ
ѩ˿е˺£ɱƷ磬Ʒ磬䣬ҡЩ¡
ǺǣصģΪ˰ȫ㻹ɡƷ΢΢һЦбֳ𸮣㽫ѩ˿С
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Ʒ𽣣ǺڰУЩڰ͢󱲣ʲô;ʹˣǺú棡
ߣƷ磬Ϸ֪ʵǿǲĶ֡Ҹ㣬ΪΪ̻ħа˽ҲǾһο㣡ڤǳںڰл
Ҳˣǵλа˿ǰƷЦһ
һƷ밵а֮ʱƷв𽣣ʱѾɱ˰аƷ𽣣ƷƷ͸ˡ
ߣҪ۵ģڤһ漴ǺڰбͬʱǿɬѶռеħԽӵŨҡ
ͻȻĬ֮£ƺԶпµħһ㡣
ţƷȻǰĲԶ֮һ޴Ӱ
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ƷɫպոоӰѹ
֪ΪʲôɱΪڴ֮ʱٻħ˵ĻǱҲ޷˵Ļ⣡ڤĴЦһ
ߣ˭ֻҪҵĵˣҶ𣡡Ʒһ޾ɫ𽣡
ΪƺʶȴȫȫĽƷΪ˵ˡ
ɣзѪ⣬עƷ磬еĳ͵һӶ
ݵһ
ȥ֮ͽȻֳһ޴ĺɫâޱȣƿն
ȻֻһƷҲҴ⣬֮עУӭϮĻâֱն˹ȥ
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ͦǿģƷһ˫һһϵĺڼױƷǿϢΪ˷顣
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Ʒһֱӱħ״̬
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ħƷڵѪҺҲŷϳǿҵս⡣
Ȼֻһ봫˵еһսҲƷңҶȫԸƷսⰻȻ
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Ʒȫһ𣬸Ա˳ȥ
ĲһǿƷ簵һ˵ڤȷʵûſڿӣⰵаĺѵй
ֻ֮ǸоӴĺڰںţһɿµϢֱľ岻ѡ
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ƺղһƷò£Ե÷ŭеĳֻӶǿа֮ϵӿھ֮С
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˵գƷе𽣱ֶ˺˿ռ䣬ؿڱ˹ȥ
һǿ磬ڴﵽƷȾ磬Ҳǿ
ݵһ
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ƷҲסˣΪǸոձƵؿڣȻĿˡ
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Ʒ粻ҳɣƳһƺѸٵ˿ǱըʵΪͣųϮȥ
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תۣƷѾƵߣֵҲŻصƷСһƷȴûټзɫصĶɭӰ


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ڣƷԵĿɾеסȻֻһʵǴﵽ񾳡
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ŲƷ紭Ϣʱ䣬Ǿǿаɽһıѹ˹
Ʒ޾ɫһе𽣣ٴλʮĳ
ˣһһĳĳϮȥ
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Ʒеǿ͵Ǿ֮УһɰԵ˱ӿ˿ֲϢƵռ䶼ڲ
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ֻڰеСˣʲô;;ʹƷ綼ˣƷԷ̵ֲɾ
𼱣еʱ棡ڤЦ
Ȼ֮ǰݻٵĵطȻѹһɿµаֳаľӰ
ƺоܵƷ˺һ˫ͫĽƷ磬ˣƷ綼
񣬿Ǵ˵ħ֮ӵųԽƷ֪ķΧ⴫˵Ѿﵽʵ
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ȻƷ֮޷֪ڤǵ١ڤΪߣȻҲеĲٿشС
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âʥһ㣬ǳеϣʧǹâ֮С
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һصľ죬ϿеӴڰžȻը˿
Ȼ֮䣬һɿֲųϮ£ɫ֣׷Ӵܡ
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飬һȻݻ٣ȺִУǱӣ˵ɨ֮£еһжƷһӰݺݵƷҽ
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ǶҽеļûУֱӱҳ⽴ǽմûû뵽Ƕ˵Ĳ״


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ȺֻʶӣǱѣʵֱӱЩƬʵǿҲȫȥӦ
ҵĻʹ˹ش۷ŭʵĴţһ߿ĵǹȥĳǶòˡ
˿̣ڻʹ֮УûյĻԻͣҽ֮֮Уĩյһ㣬ЩԭΪػʹĺڼսʿ֪ʵȫãֵķ׷׶ӣףۡ
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㳡֮УǵʹеӰ໹ЩƽֻȨĹӵܣνʧء
ʱǷ֮УǱ˹شۻĲĳӣǰ˵Ĳ״һĻɫͻȻò԰ࡣ
֮ǰЩȥȺΪʹƽϢֿʼľۼ˹һͷ̧ͷȥ˹شۡ
˹ش۳ʹı˫ۣݺݵս˫ȭҧгݵƷ磡ܸʲôۣԲŹ㣡
˵꣬һϤش˹Ǻǣ˼һҲûзŹ˼
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˹ش۷ŭѣҲ壬Ʒ磡󵨣Ȼҹ֮£Ǻڰ۹ڰ͢ڣ
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ȷʵʿϧܿҪӢѳˡƷ˵ڵ˵ĻƷӲ顣
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һıը֮죬ǹķ֮У͵ĳһɫӰڤЩ͢аʿ
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ʱǾѪע룬Ǽʮһλаʿڤԭľ͵񾳡Ȼ񾳣Ͼǿнȥģάֵʱޡ
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˹ش֮ûκεԥ㽫еħϿڤ
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ţƷֺݺݵĻӾ𽣣ҫ۵ĺ̫һסƬʹ¶ɭĽưĳѹ˵ͷ
Ҳǻ٣Ҳǻ٣ҾȻһУƷ
˿Ļ֡
ڤˣеаʿҲˣаȴǱչز˭ܻƷĶ֣һ£϶ǻʹ٣Ϳ̿˶Ӳѡ
ҲҪػǵĵ۹˹ش۷ŭһһȥ͵İǲԶ֮ħٽŭָƷ硣
˼ƣȻвʣѾûú·ѡ
ػ۹
˸׷е׼ȥƷһܴĹ
˹شɫʹ࣬һټĺڰ۹ҲҪԼˡ
˭Ҳ
˹ش۲ʵŭһڵѪҺȻȼעеħħõ˹ش۵ӿǿħ˲
Ʒɫƽ¾˹شħҲֻ˶ѡ
ڰ۹ˣƷһ
͵һ£ƷǿһӶһ޴ĺâſֲƻ֮ڸסһУסƬʹ
һ̣ռһ㣬ڰͷɫ֮У˻㾡ȫȫӭȥ
Ȼ
ǻľâ֮ʱһӴĺڰͻȻڻʹ֮лպõǾâ֮ǰ
䣡
޴ĽâӴĺڰУ˲㼷俪һ۵Ĺ⻪ӿӴĹⲨ
ǣӴڰŵ֮£׼ƴһ˹شۣȴǷ׷ɫסˣеƷҲסˡ
Ϊһǿĺڰ֮ʵ̫ʱˡ


909 սа£
ھ֮ʱ˹ش¿µϣ
аһаˣ
ʹ֮Уϲѡ
ûܹһֵ֮סƷ繥ˣںڰ۹Ҳֻﵽ񾳵ĺڰ͢а˹
Ʒ罣Ϯȥľâ赲ӴĺڰС
ԸоӴĺ̺һǿħǽâ
ãǽâþ޷Ǻš
һ
ǽâбը˿ˣɢĹ⻪
Ʒ֮ɫĶ¿մǵͻȻֵӴڰš
ɣӴڰſʼĻһţǺ֮Уа˹ĴǺڶ˳
ʱ˹źۣɫĮ飬Ͷ֮䣬϶ųһɭµϢĶƷ硣
Ʒϵа֣û뵽ȴֻааһˣѪħǣƷ絹ûвǵϢ
ƷԴ˿ֵ̳İаȴǼΪľ衣ΪԸоа֮ǰܵ˻ָúܿ죬ϻǱһɿµϢⰵаӦʹʲôĳرֶΡ
Ǻǣаþòɫ𡣡ƷѰһĵٵһҲ尵а
ߣƷ磡ûȥ㣡㵹ǳñչؾȻǻɱ˱͢ڣ˵˸ô㣿аݺݵ˵޲ýƷǧаӡ
Ӷһս£һûأձߣǽվٷʤƷ𽣡
Ʒʹɱ˰аƷ֣ʵЩѪħҲڱչأƷ밵аսһ
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¿֮˴󾪣а֣дΪ
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ʱƷ밵аն˴˼ͷųǿơ
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˿̣ڻʹ֮Уڵ۶֮УҲһƬֻšϮԽԽȻ֪ƷΪаֵʱ򣬳붼룬ֱǡ
Ļ񼶵۶ɳܲ𰡡
ʱƸĸ֮ĶΪ䵭ţԶʹϿմƷӰݺݰЦǺǣƷ磬Ȼ㣬ǿɾƣ¿ɲǾôˡ
˵꣬Ķ㵭ʧˡ
һƬֻ֮Уǿĳѹš
ʱƷ밵аӣĴӸ߿
аˣǿаˣ
˼ĺţΪڰ۹Եޱȵϡ
λȻڰаԿˣǾ͸˸е𾪡
˹ɫȵеԨҪӵɭ䣬һ춯ءԭѵʵİ죬µĽ֮£ƬջȻ
ʱ䣬ƬأһƬڰĴһ˸еħ˾ֲѣ֪˸δȥ
ƷɫأպոоаʵѾǿˣڱǿж٣Ʒʱδ֪
ѵֵ԰аƷ֮⣬ǰаʵǿˣƾ𽣵Ʒ绹ǺΪԼɱаȻ뿪ﻹǿԵġ
аһĶ֣ձʹʹսһƷսе𽣣ͬ޵еս
˹Ѱ˼˻˵Ʒ磬ĸ뱾սĻǾ汾ȥһطĻǿʹʹĴһ
Ʒһ㶣뵽ⰵаս֮ܵصĲȻҪԼһսҲܻһıǸطܻһƷ粻塣
Ʒԥ˹Ĵ̼ô˲ɣ
Ǻǣڴ̼𣿲ɹˣΪʲôطƷ綼һսʤ㣬ôܻ᲻ȥأƷὣˣҲΪħѪĿ֮
Сӹˬ죡˹һ漴չźڰ͢ķȥ
ƷȻ֪ںڰ͢ҪΧ֮ƷҲκεľ⣬̤𽣣ŷɳ۶ȥ
һаƷȥҲǴһޱȺţⰵаƷٴһսһ˭ʤأ
ԭΪ˹һҪƷڰ͢УⲢǣΪ˿ƷŶ˹ȥĵطȻһΪյԨ֮С
ԨһףԸоԨдһɼϢԨеĻܿ񶼻ɥ
ʱаƷ磬ӣоԨеϢǳơ
Ʒ粻ɾʵаʲôط
Ԩ˹Ļص
Ԩߣ㵽ʲô⣿Ʒ֮ɫ
⵹ûУֻһҶĵطѡ˹תһհЦݡ
ʲô˼ƷŶ˹
Ԩ˰ɡ˹˶÷ĺڰԨһЦǺǣԨҲǺڰ͢еأ˵ԨٽħĵطɱǽħͨڣΪԨйͨħеĿռλҪ˲ҷĵطΪһսŻѡԨ
ǺǣıԨĻҵ֮Ҳ޷ѰɡͦŵģҪءƷ絭һЦ
ŵЩѵˣ˹
ûһЩСֶҹƽսһĻǱ⻹ҪֲֵĵطҲη塣ƷһɫӦ
ģطҲ̫ǲõĻʲôҶˣûбˡҲػﲼݽħΪ̻ʶûԨﲼħŻΪǺڰ͢еء˹Ļص
ߣʲôط֮бҪһƷһ𽣡
ǵľԲǱ˹һе񽣳һɨ
£Ʒһӭȥ
һ
һ죬ƬԨһǿɢԨ֮УһӱʧˣƺԨеһɹһ㡣
Ʒ˹ͬʱһ𣬲£˳ȥȴԨ֮ϡ¿ȥǱ޾µľԨ


910 аʵ
Ԩ֮ϣƷ˹ն
˹ֳ񽣣һŵӡ
Ʒ磡ձڣ˹ŭһе񽣱һǿƷն˹
Ʒ統Ȼ壬𽣣ڵĿħӿעУӭŶ˹һɨ˹ȥ
䣡
һ⻪ʢţӴĳ
һƾУ˿
Ʒüͷ壬Ϊо˹ʵһεĽֻҪǿʵࡣһֵֺĸоƺ˹ְһǿ
Ҳ˶ѣ͸˲񣡡˹Цһ͵ǰ˲ӵƷǰͦһŭն˹ȥ
Ʒ粻ľսӭ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ĵĹⲨ֮УƷ羹˳ȥ
˹һƷȥһе񽣷ĻţһĽâΧסƷ򣬺ĺϮ˹ȥ
Ʒɫأ֮УϵӭŶ˹Ĺ
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һֲıը֮ϵĻھԨ֮УƷһһĵֵŶ˹ǿƹȴԽӵľó
񣬶˹ȫָƣʵԭΪŴȴû뵽˹ֻҪʤһ
ֻ𣿡˹Цһһ͵ӵƷǰĻ񽣣Ʒն˹ȥ
ݵһ
þ޴гǿҵĺڹ⣬ͽȻֳľâŤĿռ˲䱻˺ѣݺݵıƷӡ
ƷɫһڵĿħ֮ͬʱתӿУӭŶ˹ǿ͵һ˹ȥ
䣡
ɾƬԨӿ嫵ˣɢ˿ֱɭԨ˽ȥ
һ˲䣬ֱ˵İ
Ʒ˹һ֮УȴǱ˰֮Զ
ģôôǿƷ簵һƶ˹ʵܻܿǿֻǲ׶˹ΪʲôʱʵѵǶԼЩ˼
ȻˣǾֻˣƷɫһݣ֮У͵һ֣ǿ֮缤ĳڵеĶ˹Ϯ˹ȥ
һ˹Ǻ޾ɫҲ˼Ʒʹ֮ʱ򣬶˹Ŀס𽣡
ƣ
˹һе񽣳Ķ𽣺ɨ˹ȥ

һĽ֮һƬ𻨣𽣾Ǳֱӱ񽣸ɨ˳ȥ
ʲô
ƷΪɫջ𽣣ȻĶŶ˹
֮Զһ˹Ҫǿˣû뵽˹һ׵ɨ˻
Ʒ磬ҲòĽ˵ãƾڵʵ޷˵ñģ˵Ļ㾡뿪˹Цһӡ
ߣʤδ뿪Ҳ̫СƷˣƷһһչǰƯŵ𽣾ĶٻΪʮӰ
𣡺𣡡
һ˵֮쳹Ԩ֮Уÿһ𽣶ǽƲ
ǺǣȤ˹ȤζЦЦκεľ£սƷ硣
Ʒɫһ䣬һ򽣹ڣ
䣡
ЩȺЯĽǵذչӴĹƣס˶˹ڵĿռĺϮ˹ȥ
˹һЦһһӴĺţһħ򣡡ڿ򣡡
Ȼ䣬һɿµħһ㣬ЩϮ𽣶˽ȥƷҲǺڿ˽ȥ
ţ˹Ӱȴǹʧˡ
ݣݣ
һȥȻ˿գ»Ϊһ塣
Ʒɫ䣬𽣸ʹ
ⲻ֪Ʒ羹Ǿֵķ֣Լ֮޷ʹˣȻ޷ٻ𽣡
ڣƷǽϣϣȻʧȥ𽣡
£Ʒ㾯żٵȥһȵ
Ȼ
Ʒջ𽣵ʱһɭϢȻƷ
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ִ֮£Ʒ統ھŲ֮ݺݵӭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ڹⱬ䣬һɻը˿
ƷһȥպոоһȫԽԼѹ˹ֱ֮Уػ

ƷʹһǷĵĹⲨ֮УƷڵ˳ȥ
ԭ֮У˹ֳΣսɭ˾÷
㣬Ʒ챻Ƶ˽ߣסΣ۾ĶԶĶ˹ǰаʵ𣿿⵽ô£ôͻȻôǿˣ
Ʒ㾪ӣ˹ЦǺǣСӣǲɻأ
ߣŶ̶һµʱ䣬ԭش˵ڵӦûָܻʵ㲻ƾʵҲﵽ˼ǿȣȷʵҸеǳɻ󡣡ƷһΪŭ
ͷ㣬ڵѪħİ֮£ѾɹͻƵλ֮ԸССλǻֵˡ˹ٰЦ
ߣһλԸλȷʵ׾٣ΪҪµĽҴƷʵ
Ϊ̫ƻˣѪħ˿֪뱾˽⣬СӵһռĺڿרΪԸĿռΪħռѾűҲɹףʹǽ֮ʱĺڿͻ¼֮ʱڿ֮Уڿ֮Ҳ޷ʹ֮ҲſԽԿռѡ˹հЦ
Ʒ簵֮ȴǿһУ˹˵Ʒ޷ʹ֮ʹ취Ҳвͨˡ
˹һЦֵڱΪҪѡطȻҲĿġԨ棬Ѿ˵ˣĳ񣬵Ԩ棬ͨħ֮ĿռڵȻĽ٣֮Ҳ޷ɿռĴݻ֮øеˡ
ɣ˺ܾˡƷ
ñ˻ĻԸˣøеˡ˹ҡͷһЦ
ΪͿɱ𣿡Ʒһ
ȻоԵš˹һЦڸһѡܽϵԲ˺ߵˡһζ̵Ļ͵ߵ˸һͬɥɣ
ѡû˭ܹƷƷһ͵ĳϵĸ߿գ漴սס
ţƷһգƹ
Ȼ𽣵Ͽֳ֮һӴйš


911 ħļ״̬
ǿĳ֮£ڿ򶼿ʼ
Ʒսף裬ƺ֮У־գӴѪɫйŹš
֮ǲˣƷ绹ӵǿĽǱھʽƲ񷡣
ףƾʽƬռ
𣡡
һ˵֮֮У̽һ޴Ľͷھʽ֮ơ
䣡䣡
Ӵ񾢵ķˣϵڿռдϮšƬƬĿռ䣬ʼŤѡ
ȣ
Ʒ籬һֳֳǳӴ֮УƺΪһʧǿµĽȴǲϵĴŰš
ǺǣУаһЦ޾ɫе񽣳Ľն𣬽ӿŶĿĺڹ⣬ӿ糱ˮħӵУɢĿֲħѹܱ߿ռ
аգЦȻĽǿʱͬգλľԲССλͿԵֿģɣ
аӰɣھ˵˿δҲ̫˰ɣ֮УƷǰ̵Ц֮
ߣǲǿһԱ֪аһΪŭɫеѹѾãʱ׼ǿһ
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Ͽ֮УƬڿóޱȣɾδԺڿ
ʱƷѾޱĽڵעУҲеϣѹһУʤǰܣҲͿһˡ
аɫ䣬ҲƷһϾƷһг˴Щɥ
ɣƷ磡³ʣվͺú˽ᣡаһֳ񽣣ϳӴĺţһɻӭϿеľ޴гȥ
ɼһ޴ĺɫĳϮϣԵĿǺŵӹ֮ʱռ䶼˺ѿˡ
һ̣ƷҲϡ
ʽƲ񷣡
֮УȻƷǾװĳ֮
һ
֮У͵ĳһ޴Ľɫǽɫ֮Уǿҵĺ⣬һ޴Ĺ֮С
䣡
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аɫûκһ˿η壬ֱӭһľ޴еһ鶯ſֲħ
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аһǿҵĺڹ񽣣һɻذĺڰ֮ӭնϡ
䣡
һޱıը֮죬ɿֲĳŤĿռҲܲסɾĳǲը˿ΪһƬռ֮
͵һ£ǻҵıը֮Ӱһ

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Ʒĳ𽣣ѾʼеԣһһǿħǿбڣƷѾܲסˡ
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֮аȴԵֽ࣬񽣣ڵħԴԴϵעУĽƷ磬ԼȴȫκεӰ졣
Сӣܵ˱ȫ˰ɣָоܰɡаЦһ¶˼̰ЦѡȻ䣬ֻҪϽϵԷŹߵˣΪ£ɱ㣬ǾͿϧˡ
룡
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˵꣬аеһ͵ӿһɿֲħںһ޴ĺХһ㣬ħ̼串סеһС
䣡
һħ𵴳Ʒȫһ𣬼Ҫˡ
䣡
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ͣ
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㣬һ̣ƷȻûзҲΪħѪӵеľ֮ġ
۾Ϊħ¾սҲԲͷ
ȥɣаЦһӴħһεıƷ硣

ƷʹĴһȫļ嶼ѿһ㡣
ʱƷ˫۲Ѫ˿ǿħѹ֮£Ʒսȭͷſ죬¶Ǽĳ
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Ʒ˫۱ߴȻһѪ˿ƺۡڵĿħԽǿǿƷڵĿħھڲϵš
ħļ״̬
ƷһǷҰһ㣬ϵļ͵ǿ
͵ģƷ米һ֮ȻֳһԾ޴ĺɫ
ٵĴţԭǺɫƺȾѪһ㣬ǱһƬѪ֮ɫڵĿħ͵ʮ
䣡
һ죬ƷϱһɸΪǿа֮Ľаħѹ˻ȥ

аΪɫǰĹаκεıһŭն˹ȥ
Ʒڷ״̬һƺѪɫܱߵһ㣬ļƷС
͵ģƷŭһֽ𽣣ŭӭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ۵Ĺâ˲סеһУĵƵƬռ飬ڿ򶼿ȫıˡ
аΪŭȻƷסˡ
ϧƷձΪħļ״̬ĵҲǳɱ࣬ڵĿħŵֵס˰аһѾ˴롣
ʱаŭ񽣣ٴǿħƷеƷ磡ܱħļ״̬Ǵ½һˣܿϧٶʮλĲ໹ԶԶ޷׷ȥģ
ȷʵħļ״̬ȻƷսƷ绹ֻǰֱ֮ӴﵽλľΡ
λλһ磬Ҳر
ɣ
аһһҵĿռ
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аһĿĻӶ񽣣ƿҵĿռ䣬ݻƷĽһ޴ڰţȫȫĸסеһС
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䣡
Ƭڿƻ٣еһоԱݻ١

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912 С
Ԩ޾ԨԨ
ƷɫȻ˫ۿնƮĲҶĵԨ֮С
һ̣ƷԵôĴô
ֱĸоǸո֮ǰһһ
Բ𡭡
ƷʹźΪһλսʿвǲʵˮ
һ򵥵ĶԲȴǲ֪ö˭˵ֻ֪ƷԲʵ̫̫ˡ
޾֮·Ʒ绹һ˿ϣţϱԽԽаǰհӣҲʼԽԽģ
ߣԨܴοڵ㻹ԶԶ㲻񣡡аһŲԨеƷ磬Щʵĺߵֻǿϧϵ⼸Ӵ˾Ҫڴ½оˣҲãҲǻ
˵꣬аʧǾԨС
һ̣аںڰ۹Ļʹ֮С
ʱʹĴһƬǽ塣
ʧӣڵ˹شҲǱޱȵį
ڣ⼸ѾΪĻʹ֮У˹شɵɵվȴŰаϢ
Ȼ֮УһϵӰֳһɾ˵ӿѹ
˴󾪣̧ͷȥ˹հ
аˣ
˾һаֻһ˹ƺѾ²⵽˽ԵΪļ
ʱ˹עɫį˹شۣ˵ѾɱھԨܵʧǾԲܾʹ˰ݡտʼ½ֻصʱˡǺڰ͢Эǣȳ壬½Ժ½Ǻڰ£
˰֮ԣɫԵ쳣ļƬʹĻ
ȴǧ꣬ڵȵһ̵ĵ
˹شҲű˷߾ٳŭλڰ۹ʿǣһ̿ʼǺڰ۹Դ½ʱˣ֮ɱ壡½
ɱ壡½
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ʱ˹ңԶ֮أ䰵ά˿һξֵˣѪħ˳֣ǹ͢ҲҪڱ
ˣ˹ҲһҰĵˣҲħǰҷѪħ
ʱڹʥ֮С
ά˿ڱ֮УɫԵüΪĲ
ղǹôʧˣά˿ԵüΪɻ󣬸ղңԶĺڰ۹֮ά˿Ըоǿ֪ΪˣɽάƬ֮ʧˡ
˼ãά˿㰵̾һҲ˰ɡ
˵գά˿־ı˫ۣĽ˾֮ء
ڼٵս֮ǰά˿ҲΪǿʵԺսҲʤ㡣
ƴ½ӿ
Ʒ粻ܣŭİаڰ۹Ѿʼ׼½ıжΪ壬ȴǲ֪Ѿڰ۹ѡΪĿꡣ

޾Ԩɭ顣
ûκεϢҲûνĿռޣϢ
ʱƷǰӣϵԨе׹䡣
Ʒ绹ʶΣ
Ԩ֮УƷѾȫɥʧеھ𸮵ûˣȥѩ˿һ۶ܡ
ɣƷʶ֮УƷͻȻˡ
ףĸףȣѩ˿֮һ̣ƷѾˡ
ʧˡƷֻΣȻȴûκε԰Լ
׹䣬ϵ׹䣬ܱ߱Խӵᰵ
ֻʣƷһ㣬Եޱȵÿ£ҲǵһƷе˵ĺ¡
˵Ʒ֮Ʒǣ۵ˡǰ֮УƷ޸ĸԻﵽһС粻ͬΪƷֵȥˣֵѡ
죡㾹ȻҴǾٸһɡƷʹĺţ뷨Ҳ̫ˣԨ棬ʲô漣֣
Ʒʹı˫ۣƺѾʼойϢô̹ǣúģ˾
Ʒ粻һ㶼Σ
Ųϵ׹䣬ǹϢҲԽԽ
ɼƷϵսףǿʼ˿ǵлĻһ㣬һƬһƬ
Ǻǣս׶ҪʧȥˡƷϴεĿЦֻ֫Ŀϵս׻ΪһƬƬ飬ϵʧ޾ĺڰ֮С
Ԩһء
ûܹƷ硣
ΪԨǴڷħ֮֮ʧȥе
ʱƣԨֹĿռһ㣬Ʒһֱ䣬һƮ죬ƺҪƷһص硣
䣡䣡
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ǺǣѵƷľҪ𣿡ƷһЦϴޱȵʹһصˡ
ðɣһΣԶĳ˯ɡԲҵˣԲҵѣԲҵİˡҡˡƷʹţ쵽ĺģƷʶԽԽ
ɣƷĺ˫ۡ
ȻƷѾŬҪ˫ۣʶȴա
Ҳ磬ҲһΡ
εˣҲȻˡ
ģ
ƷϵսѾȫˣҲŽʧָ̼ԭӣǰĿ
ֻǣڵƷ翴ܰ˫ۣ˯һ㡣
䣡䣡
ЩںڰнɫһʵĹȴƷĵ
ͻȻ
ʶҪȫƷ磬ͷϵѪɫӡ֮С
ಣ
һİɫâӡгǺ֮УһĹⲨ
Ⲩ֮Уֳһ۵İɫš
ʱǰɫ֮УԡһֳһӴӰչһǶһԷ⵶ĳ
ȻһĳХ߰İƾˣһɫ⻡
͵ģǰɫ֮Уһ޴ӰĴǾǺڿеĽ֮ӵƷǰԭһ˫ӣƷʱ򣬾˳
ɣǾӰ㻺Ľ˯еƷԷڱС
ȻһӰһֻ񣬶ȴֳüΪĹ졣ͨʰ֮ɫһǼ⵶һëǳĽɫһʱ̳е
ţǹĴֳХһӭϿ֮Ʒ磬ٵĳȥ


913 
ïܵɭֻ֣Ե÷ǳɭɭʱʱ˾÷ؽ
Ȼ
һӴӰУʱķƣǽܱߵľƵˡһɢ˳Ƭɭηİ
ţǾſӣԵüΪСģһ
ԭǾϣһλԲȫǱĿӡ
ûλӣǸմӾԨһƷˡ
ڣھԨܵĳƷ嶼⵽ǰδеĴˡȻӵ֮Ժָܿ˵ĻĵȴҪһʱ䡣
Ʒ״̬֮УǾػĽػų˯еƷ磬һ˫ӣϵѲܱߵĶ
ʱƷһδ֪һ㡣޾ĺڰ֮УϵĸֳһϤϤס
Ʒ磬ԵңԵǵĺ뿪ˣô죿ʹŽеƷ硣
ȣԲҡƷһʱȵϴȥȴǷֿϴʧʧˡ
ȣߣҪߣĲģƷʹĿ޺޾ĺڰУԵ˵ʹ
뿪𣿡ưںڰ˳绨
ĸף᲻ãҵȻ᲻ãҡƷȴֲ֪˵ֻ֪Լˡ
Ʒ粻֪֮ʱưʧˣȻƷĸԭӰ˳
ԭɫ࣬ƷƷ磡һʧܣζԶʧܣվ㣬һеģ
סƷж۾ôԼĸײš
Ʒ磬ţԶĶӡԭºͰЦЦű㵭ʧǺڰ֮С
Ȼڰ֮УֳƷϤӰ
ЩˣȻԵúʹ࣬ҲʧǶϣƷܹվ
Ʒֺݺݵİͷ­ĽеҲܾôˣܣԲܣ
𣡡
һХ쳹޾ĺڰ֮С
ȻǺڰ֮УȻֳһİ׹⡣ǰ׹֮Уպӿһǿ֮ĽƷʶ궼ȥһ㡣

ƷԺиедһ֮ʹʹһƷ绹ס˻ʶǿʹ࣬Ӳǳ˹ȥ
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ɣƷ绺˫ۣȻһƬڰƷһ۱㿴ǳҹա
ҡҸ𣿡Ʒ˵ţޱȵɻ
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ǺǣˣҲþɣȻָ״̬˵ƷЦЦͻȻӾȻĽ
ˣˡʵû뵽ȻֶǻˣͦǱġƷΰ̾Ϣһ̫֮𸮵ʱɥʧˡ
ϾĿռԽߣҪ֮ҲԽӣ˵ܽȥ̽ȥġ
Щ˵Ʒ̾һ㻺ĳӡ
ȻƷ羹Ƿ֣ԼվһֻӲľ֮ϡ
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޳ǿ󣬿ҲӦʵףƷʵҪֱӳˡ
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ǣƷֵǣǱڵУƺĪУֻһʱ벻
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Ʒ绹û߼㴫һХ
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ħֱ죬ҲܵǿħĸȾ֮ı죬γħһ㡣ħֱʥ޼ΪĿ£Ը壬ɲʲôǵĶ
Ʒ⴫˵еİ֮ʱзǲ塣ΪоǰƺԵ÷ǳѺã˴ų򣬼ƷʱԵüΪĿġ
㡭ôƷԵɻ
ǰȴǻĸ¸½ţƷԺбǾΥϤˣˣңˣ
ˣ
ƷһԾĶǰǾ޺㡭С
ͷΪġ
СȻ㣡ħֱʥޣôֱ˵ĺ飡Ʒ缤ĴЦţ˶٣Ʒƺ뵽ʲôʣС˵ղǾԨ֮ң
С֮󣬱ĵͷ
̫ˣҵľǰƷЦһɫһĺߵа벻ϾȻħֱʥްɣ
ԨĳҲںħǿ뿪ԨġһεĽңС֣Ʒװ׵ļһ
СԴʥ֮ӴСӴ˳˯ƷڡƷ籾ӵпħѪСΪƷԼޣҲȻܵ˿ħϢӰ̼ٽƷڰǿߵսħ̫ʢԲСõħֱ
ħֱʥޣʵǿһ֮󣬱ܴﵽʥڼϵʵСֲͬʱƷڿħĴ̼СҲпħĿ


914 Сһս
û뵽øƷ粻ǻϲĵõħֱʥޣ
СҶӶˣܲܰҵԵġƷЦҪǽ⣬ָһЩ֮ܽһָ״̬ϾʳҲһԴ
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СһûĲһĿ񱩡ƷǾˣСǿҲΪġ
󲻾ãһֻСһֻħޣǿ߽ħޣȻһֱС˻
һ
СֱӽѾȥĿħ޷ŵڵأƷ¸µĽţʾƷʳˡ
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ǺǣСҿɲһⶫҿɲֱӾˡƷһЦ
СƺƷ˼ͷ­˻һ
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İĺڿͽȻֳɫĵݺݵغħ޵ϡ
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Ʒ翾ջǲģԭǱ⣬ڼ򵥵ڽһʵȻ濾ζŨ㡣
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СĽţһʰӡ
𼱣𼱣еǳءƷЦ
СͷȴһֱЩⲻš
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Ȼ½ΨһģҲǿġƷЦ޵ܹΪˣƷҲȻһֽ
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ò˵Ʒڵ״̬ȷʵǺ⣬ƷʷǱȳˣڽ״̬֮ԭʧ㿪ʼĻָš
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ƷǳʹްаѾˡϧⰵаڵ֮Уû뵽ƷѾӾԨˡ
ڣںڰ۹Ľ֮أԵùںڰѼա
յ峿ůϮУеƷԡǹ֮С
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ƷΣɣңȻɭҸ֣˰ɡ
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Сһ˫һһ֧һ㣬Ǵɽг¡
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СƷֱɽ֮£ܱߵľǾ׷ѹСǾ޴ĸڵӡ
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СҪСģһﲻöԸƷѵ
û£ˣҵģСţſǼ죬ĶưŭХ˹ȥ
ХףˣܱߵħޣѱɢǿϢŵķ׷Ӵܡ
ͻȻ
𣡡
һŭĳ֮Ķ
Ȼ
飡飡
һص̤֮ĴǶбƳ
Ʒ絹ǺܵС򲻹ʥޣƷ绹ǿ׼ɱʥ޵ģƷ粢ô׻֣ΪСɳΪʥ޺ĵһսʤܣԺĳɳǷǳҪġ
ڣĶ֮Уһ޴Ӱ˳
һֻ޴ڹ꣬ͨʻƽ֮ɫ֫׳ͷ­һĴֳϳ˷һ˫ɫӼΪŭĶС
ʥޣ׹꣬ӵǿսųƵеİ


915 Сľ
׹ĳ֣СΪ˷ܣ˻˻ĳХţˡ
󵨣Ҵ뱾أһ𣬽׹˳
׹СʱȴǾסˡ
Сħֱ͵ʥޣ׹ǧ꣬Ҳ޼ޣҲСɢǿϢ˸еľ塣
ǣΪµǣǿʥޣϾȻվһλǿߣǿߵʵԽӵı̬
һӣԭŭĽ׹ήˣηĳƷ˵ˣν£
Ҳûʲô£ֻСոյõ˽ҸֵİӶѡƷ絭Ļص
ֵİӣ׹һ£Ϊŭ˵ԼҲʥޣȻ˵Ǳ˵ְӡ
ߣñ֣ô𣿡׹ߵΪʥޣʹһɰ
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׹ӴǿᣬվǾ֮У˿
ǺǣҲ֣ܴܲСǾͿıˡƷЦЦԾƯڿգȤζĹעһСս
׹һƷ˵֣ܲѣСϰ˵ߣȻ㴳˱أǱͽʥȡˣ
䣬ǽ׹͵֫һ̤͵һȻСµðһ޴׶
СŲæĳһ˫Ѫɫӽ¿մĽ׹ꡣǷϵʥϵʥ޽ĻΪϵСҪһЩ
ֻСХһ֮Уƾֳһ׳ɫݺݵĶǽ׹ϺϮȥ
ԣ׹Ϊ͵ĵһɫⲨɫĹ֮Уһ˲㸲סһ㡣
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һĵĺڽ׹ϣԵĹֱ֮ӽ׹ϵķ٣ڽ׹ϡ
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׹꾪һǵĺ֮£Բѡ
ƷڿգСĹΪ⡣׵֮ΪΪԵԣκԵķɶ޷ֵסԵ׵繥ǽ׹ӵзǿԣȻвСԵԡ
׹Ҳʶ˲ԣͷŭһ
ȻСϿ֮ͽȻֳһʯžȺС
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СĶų򣬲мǵڵصĽ׹ꡣ

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СԵüΪĻԾĴĳĴţĶܹ˽׹й
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Ϭ罣һļģݺݵڽ׹ǿӲıƿһ޴ĿӣļֱӴ˽׹ಿλݺݵĽڵʥ˳Ȼһ̽˸С
𣡡
׹걯һĵȥʶޡ
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Ʒ羪СĲͨʥֵܵ


Ԥ
СĳζµսҪʼˣ
ſܷ
Ʒܷٴδܰа
ֻ˭
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еؾʲô
Сһ׶εĽֻʲô
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Ļ굽Ǻηǿߣ
ǧħ֣ƴ½½ս˭İһоڡ֮µĿӣһֹ֧ע


916 
Сɱ˽׹꣬õԼսƷ
ǽ׹꣬ǿǺųƵеİȻ䵹˱³ƣԭҪõСʥԼʧȥʥ
ţСչɻصƷǰƷŪеˣˣ
ǺǣΪҵĳޣǵȻƷҲŵЦС˺ӰԣҲȥĸо
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СõƷͣĶų
ˣСǲҲʳħܵõƷͻȻʵС⸴ӵ幹죬Ʒ绹⡣
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ȱս飬ԺңһкܶġƷЦǺǵĻصСѾɳǿʥˣԺҲƷһͬսˡ
ллˡСԵΪϲζԺԾˣֻʵˣȥģ
ʱɣһҪȥһطƷص
ǺðɡСֵĻص
ǺǣһģͽƷЦ
õģ˿Ҫ˵Сһ˫ˣ㻯һϵ֮⣬ʧƷĶͷӡ֮С
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СƷ֮Ʒбֳ𸮣Ȼ𸮡
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ʱѩ˿еȺá
ϾҲǹ˿һ죬ѩ˿ЩǣѰﶼڲϵƷ硣
˿
һϤƷЦݳֵѩ˿ǰǸЦ˼һˣһжѾûˡ
ѩ˿һ£Ȼסˮһ͵˽ƷĻУԲƷ磬ҴˣҲôԣҲ뿪ǣԲ𡭡
Ʒסѩ˿˵Ǻǣû£Ҷû㣬ȻѾˣͱôˡ
ѩ˿̧ͷֲϸѲƷ壬ĵʵƷ磬û𣿡
õúݣˡƷԵһЦ
ߣĻҿɾͲˡѩ˿һȴǺܿġ
Ѿעҵӣ˭ҲߵġƷ΢΢һЦ
滵ȥҵúúøȽ㡣ѩ˿ǺӰ
ȣҪڿΪ֣˵ȥ֮ɵءƷٰĻص
ǲҪ㡭㵽ʱҪǵð˵ҿɲȽˡѩ˿æ
úúãһж㣬ֻҪ˾㹻ˡƷЦݡ
ǲҪȥˣѩ˿ʵ
Ǻǣһ°ɣҴӦһ˵ĳŵұ塣ƷЦЦ
˭ѩ˿ɻ
ƷɫԵЩΣǷĺһ㣬µ˵ҡһǴȥɡ
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һۿƷʱ򣬱ǷЦݵģſİѩ˿֮ʱϽЦݡ
Ʒ磡˭ѩ˿ĽʵϴŨŨĴ⣬һֱݺݵĵƷ磬ȴüһż죡ȻһôһλŮԵҺȽ
ǱĹƷĻص
ޣȻǹѩ˿һúܴǶԴ˰䶢Ǳɱ˵Ļǵˡ
Ǳ²ᣬæѺðЦǺǣƷӰɣƯѹƷ˲һеȥ㡣
磿ѩ˿һ㶣Ʒ硣
ǡǵģ˿ɱᣬҺûʲôģֻǱʹʱԵƷ統˳ű˼ص
ɣЩĪİеˣȴЦһЦǵģûƷĻҲˡ
ţ㽫Ĵž߸ѩ˿
ѩ˿Щ֮ɫ΢죬ȷʵǸˣһǸ˵ԲղŶĿеˣ
ǺǣûϵġЦЦֵ㿴ҵĻͻһþͿˡ
⻰ѩ˿Աĺøдǰ˱˫֣һЦõģԺҾͺƤһˡ
лл㡣ϲĻЦ
ŮãƷҲǽѰİһԼԺǱŮʲôˣˡ
ˣƷ磬˵Ҫȥʲôʱߣѩ˿ͻȻʵ
ҲƷ磬ﵱȻϣƷܹԼ塣
ھߣҵĺڰ͢˲Ź壬ϾҲǣܻܿһЩ鷳Ʒһء
ߣѾľſǻˣǺڰ͢Ҳ¡ߵ
²˳٣ϽȥɡƷ˵ţ㽫Ů͵⡣
£Ʒ㻽С
ţƷŶŮֱվСǿıϣȴǰѩ˿Ǹסˡ
Ʒ磬ǡѩ˿ɫֵʵվﶼľĸо
ϾҲΪ֮壬Сɢǿе־岻ѡ
ǺǣҵħСƷЦ
ʲôʱôһħ裿ѩ˿һĳԾ
СһܾˣųġƷص
ౡ
СĽһ
ˣС˷ˣҪĵ㡣ƷȤ
ౣ
Сеѩ˿Ҳ޵ִ
ʹķƷͻȻʵ
Щָ֣һطһֱǰ߾Ϳҵˡ
õġƷСߣ
С˷ܵĴЦһĶǾ޴ĳ򣬰ڸ߿֮Уٷ֮ء
ѩ˿ԵЩ£СıϺƽȣҲˡоһܹվ߿֮ϣĸƬ½


917 
壬ںڰ۹
Ȼûнһ۹Ŵʵǿ󣬿ϧܵڰ۹ѹȣռݵĵȽ٣Ҵ඼ƶ֮ء
ûиֵһ㶼ŴΪʳҪôȥۣӴ˻һ档
ȷʵʧȥıӻԭʼǿսʿ壬ѾҪûˡ֮ǰǱΪڰ۹õĹߣʧ˴ˡ
ƷԦ޷У;һֱѲ¿մ֮أҲȷʵдΪձ鿴ʵ̫ƶˣνĳҲ޼
𣿡Ʒ粻ʡ
Ǻǣ벻ɣɬһЦȻԴʧ֮սû䡣ںڰ۹Գ궼ܵ˺ڰ۹ѹȣٵò˱ӻĻҲ֮ҲҪӴڴ½оˡ
ڲǼȫſ𣿵ȵ壬ɻˡƷ簲ο
ʵҲܹˡҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôѩ˿ͻȻ̲סʵ
Ϊ˵ĵطҵĸûаյĵطɫȻĻص
㸸Ҳûаգʲôطô£Ʒ粻һ㶡
ǵģҷӡ˵ֻʿſɴߣȻ֪浽ʲôҼǵø˵ǵطҲȫûаգΪҸĸȥҲܶء̾
ҾͲˣѵ񲻹ΪҪô鷳Ʒε˵νƷֻܸе
̫ˣ˶ǵ̾һ
ǺǣȱôˣȻڶѾûǱȻа취ƷЦЦչȥ˵㿴𣿡
һȥǰ֮һϾ޴Ĺ
ǱˣҲǱڵĵطص
Ʒ΢΢ͷС˵Сȥɡ
ౣ
С˻һȶǾ޴ĸ㳯ǹϵĹгɶȥ
һصӣϾ͵ܳȥ㻹ʧλﻹЩ

Ϊĺء
˵ǧʷҲʥأ˸峤壬κδ²ýȥ
һΣƷֱԦ׼УǶĴ󲻾
ԭ˵ʲôģ뻹û˵ʲôˣϾƷݣѾԱˣܹǰ壬ѾǸˡ
ͻȻ
һӰһǿϢ
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էһһֻĴ䲻ˡ
ϸ΢һǴı֮ϣȻվӰ
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Ϊأû뵽Ȼ˹Ȼƣھʾ
̼䣬㾪ˡ
৵һ£Ⱥıսʿһһӿ˳׷еսŭϿеЩˡ
ϾôԶҲû˭ϵñ
Ǻǣ廹黶ӭҵ𡣡ƷȤζЦЦ
ⲻǻӭʥأҲҸڵĵطǶѾǵǵˡƷ硣
ˣǿɾ˼ƷЦЦڱսʿԹһҲóûһ磬ԺҲշǿսʿ塣
ƺ²⵽ƷҪʲôֻǱֳĬҲû˵ʲôϾҲǵƷ磬ƷܹѾǶĶˡ
Сͣ¡ƷͻȻ
£С㶨סӣĶǾ޴ĳưĳѹϿ֮С
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ʲôˣô壡һĺгһ޴ӰĶӱɺ˹
ţӱɺմҲΪŭɫ
˼СƷʱȴɫأΪ˸Ϳ͸ƷСʵǳȻܹյˣȻǵ֮
ƷսĹˣϷЦ⣬ȴûгԣֻɫԵúƽ
ɺմΪʵǺˣΪҪ壿
һʣɺմѾǷǳˣҪǻ˹Ȼƣɺմɱȥ
Ʒ绹û˵ֶȤζЦűɺմǡ
ѩ˿վƷ󣬳ĬԣΪǶ֪Ʒ粻ȥ˺ɺմǡ
ˣɺմǸΪŭ
²ݵĻҲͲˡɺմΪƢԱ壬ڵһ㲻йķϻ
һ£ƷǿˣȴǼΪм˵ûʸ֪ǵԳҰɡ
Ҹ˵ܼܼ𣿡ɺ˹ŭ
Ҳеʱ䣬оͦģҾǵԳӭҡƷ絭ȻһЦɴа
ĻɺմǼֱˡѹںڰ͢廹ûܹأ
ڣɺմ̲סˣȵ治֪ߵغļһ
ЩͲסıսʿ׷սеսעǿͶлһ㳯ϿմСеս
ݣݣ
һ죬֮һѰսǿȥ
ౣ
СХһ˫͵һĶ¡
飡飡
һ֮죬СĸӶ֮£ϮһѰսǱݺݵĸɨ˹ȥ
ݣݣ
һѰս˻Щսʿŵõ׷ɢ
ɺմɺ˹ɫ䣬޵Զ
磬ô죿ɺ˹ʵһࡣ
ߣʲôˣȻзǱȻҲʲôüһ֣ȰǼһ˵ɺմ˵
ɺ˹ͷ
˵գ˱еľ޴ս˫ųһ̤ǿĵֱ֮ӽǾ޴ӸڵĳСȥ
С˫һ裬ͷŭһ
䣡䣡
һ޴ɫȻ֣ݺݵĳűɺմǵϺ˹ȥ
׵֮
ɺմǴΪľ֣еսȥ
ȴˣΪ֮ս׵֮ĵ塣
飡飡
һܵ죬ǿĵϮǱɺմϵսУһɾҵ֮ʹֱӽ˸ȥ
ǿ
˾ѣڳбսʿˡǾ޶ܱӵǿʵıɺմǣ˵Ǿϵλꡣ

ɺմɺ˹˴˵ͷʾһ˫һ죬׼пˡ
ͻȻһס֣


918 

˵
ʱþ޴ޱȵıһϵĴ߳ǰߵ³ᡣ

ɺմɺ˹˵ߣһ˫ȻŭϿմƷ硣
һƷ磬üͷ壬о˵ʵ¹ʥоһ˿ѹܿԼﵽͬǿߣǳԽԼɫء
ţ㲻ߵߣչأǾôԴĿ𣿡
һ㶣ɺմֹŲߵ˵Ҳһ̫ˣ
һѾźڰ͢ѹȣΪǿУƷ粻˵ѣν£
Ǻǣйһ֮ԵƷ΢΢һЦ
һ֮ԵΪˣɻʡ
ΪƷ磬˴ǰݷ塣ƷЦǺǵĻص
Ʒ磡
һʵ̫ˡ
ڣǱǣ˶ıסˡ
ȻƫԶԴ½еϢҲȫȻ֪Ʒ½ǰøһٳΪӶܰаһȴΪѾͻΪǿߡ
û뵽½Ȼ塣
һ£֮ǰŭıɺմλӣǳ˴һ㣬˵˵һǾȻ֪ߵغȥսﶼһ¡
һƷţɫԽӵأһƷ޹ϸ𣬵ǵ˵Ļɾˡ
ã㹧ʵԭӶ˴ݹ٣һ
ҲãҲúơƷ˵գµСȶžɿս䡣
֮ʱ˹ľ磬˳Ƭĳ
˱Щﵽʥϵǿߣ˶˫ۣηĻܱȥ
ವһ£
һɫȥСʧˡ
̳ɢȥֳƷ˵Ӱ
һƷĶŮ֮ʱĿ⾪㵵˱ϣ


ûǱû뵽ǸƷص塣
ǿĻ־ϲǰӣ͵֮󣬱˽뿪ˣʱɲ֪жൣģѾ㾡ȫ֮Ѱұ䡣
ΪȥʱѶ࣬ΪŵıѾ⵽˲⣬û뵽ھ𾪵ĳ֣һǱƷͻ塣
ñǸеΪļʵǴľϲ

һסֱȥ
£ӣӹ˱Ļżϲɫ˵ܵȥˣ֪֪Ҷܵ㰡
ǰһο̫ˣΪ㻨Ļǵǰʱ˽ڰ۹ϢʹϢ֪֮󣬱չ׼ɱڰ۹ءߵ³˵
ãοôҵˡɺմЩְ˵ΪɰСãɺմɺ˹ҲΪ۰
Բǵˣ֪ˣҲˡ˹ںԼһĸж
ûû£˾ͺáı漴мĹƷлл㣬ɡ
֮ͶѡƷ絭һЦ
ˣλǣЦѩ˿ҲΪòҪʵġ
Ʒ粻ѩ˿֣ЦǺǣλ۹Ĺѩ˿Ҳҵӡ
ӡ֣ѩ˿Ҹɬ񻨶Űǡ
ԭ˿лλ壬һЦЦ㹧İ˸Ѻõơ
ţƷѩ˿֣ű߽
ˣֻ㶵վڵ⣬ûӸղŵзӦأ
ʱƷһ˱
ΪĹԵþ޴ޱȣƷѩ˿߽⹬涼ǽ˴˹һ㡣Ȼ۹ĻԻݻȴйɺŶصϢ
ΪЦ
ţƷѩ˿һԾǿϣֻԵЩֵֹġ
ƷݲΪʾ⣬ȻûѡϣƷһϡ
ţҲһһֻǵ³һ㣬Ǳһ㣬վڱ
̣ƷЦ˼Ӷˣ岻۹һ㣬дܣ¡
޷ҸоͦõġƷһЦֵһӶ˽еҺòϰߣҵѣҲҵĳֱӽƷͿˣؼ⡣
Ʒ˲ԣñǶøУԭ⴫еӶҲô¡
ǺǣҿɾͲˡ΢΢һЦرƷ˵ǱѣоǼ˼ıһ㡣
ǻֱӽɡƷ˵һҪ塣
һ㶣Ҳɻ
ţƷбֳ˱Ķɣ

˾ΪϲǱʯ㷢ĽƷϵǱ
εõҾͲ˵ˣҪûǵıǱӦһƷ˵
˵
ܼ򵥣ҶйͬԸĵˣ֮󣬲Σ嶼ҪҴЭ飬ҪҿԽŴƷص˵
ԣԥĻصƷλӵǿǿˣ˵һ㶼Կ
Ǿ͹ˡƷ˵գֱ㽫еıӹ˱
һӹǱŪͣƲס˵̫ˣǱʧõıڻˡ
ھû˱Ҳȱʧ˺ǻǲܻˡɺմ̲ס˵
ûرѾǲˡ̾Ϣһ¶˼ʹɫ
ǿʲôͻȻһЦвɻǺ

Ǿ˵Ҫˣʵ̫ˡ
ƷҴӺڰ۹ġ΢΢ͷɫȻ˻ֵһĸס
ȡĸ׹ú𣿡ʹ
ܺáͷԵޱȵ˸У˵ĸϻ
ĸǹúþͿˣǸҶԲĸף᲻ңʵ˸С
Ҳᡣص
ڿɲ˵Щʱ򣬴˴ҴӻʹоȻȻǣ壬ھȻſѾȫˣҪλҾû²˳٣ϽʼɡƷ˵ûİһܲǰаĶ֡
ͷĵ³ἫΪص˵³ᣬ׼̳ٻظ峤
ǣϷȥ졣³Ṱȥ


919 
ļ̳ΪҪһʽһûرǲм̳ʽġ
ָ峤ٻ
Ҫ׼м̳ʽߵʱ򣬸峤Ϊ𾪣Ҳرļζų˯Ѿõ񼴽Ҫˡ
ǧˣԴ䣬ҳ˯֮Ӵûˡ
񼴽ѵһ̣峤ڸждżᣬΪһѾܾúܾˡ
ʱƷԼ峤Ѿ߼̳
̳ܴеɫСأСسԲ״ܴһ޴ӡЩӸ߶ȴ׳ȫһֻ̻ŲͬͼӦھŴͼÿӵĲλһȱڣСȻǶ֮ڡ
ľŴ䣬ɷΪ壬ţͷ壬壬壬壬è壬壬壬壬峤ػŸԵ
ʱޱȵׯϣɺմɺ˹Ϊվڱ󣬽űǱ峤
˸еȵǣڱͬվˣȻһλİĿŮ˶˵Ϊ󣬵ȴ˸ʣȻܹվһǱȻŷͬѰݡ
ǹ϶Щоɵļ̳ʹ˼ѰãתͷŸ峤˵ȼиλ׼м̳ʽߣܷˣҲˡ
˼֣ȻܹȥߣǱζʧ¼ȫˡЩ£һ޷ǶĴ
ڴˣøлһλѣΪѰʧԵƷ硣
Ȼ峤ҲǾƷѩ˿ϾΪ࣬ʵ̫ˣ屾һڽ
˶٣˵λεӶƷ磬ӶΪѰΪ屸ܸмش˱Ӷѣκεıѣɱ˭
ӶƷ磡
˴Ϊ㵣һӵɵöһ㡣
뵽˵ݲû뵽ڴ½бʢӶƷ硣ΪǿߣȻǱܹ峤ҲǷ׷ƷͶԹ֮һΪ˸мƷİǱʾƷλǿߵ𾴡
ΪڣƷҲǼΪѺõŸ峤ʩһ
˺󣬱Ե³ʾ³ᣬ̳ʽԿʼˡ
ǡ
³ṧһΪΨһӵħİ壬³ἴΪ峤ΪĴʦȻΪ̳ʽҪ
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ʱ³Ѿվ˼̳һָ߾ٹϵľȣһĹҫס̳
âҫ֮ʱƷѩ˿֮ˣǼ̳
̣㴫˵³ǲΰ˰ϧı࣬ὫԾŴ֮徫֮ѪԸܻѳ˯е
˶٣³ֻӶеľȣһһЩһĺڹ⣬Ȼʽ
Ȼÿһϣҫһǿҵĺڹ⣬һϵϢһưĺɫΡ
ϢˣƺԶеһ
ǲɫķ׷׹ڵء
Ʒ絹νֻǾ̺һɿµɼʵһλǿλ
ѩ˿ԵЩܲסɾɫԵЩ԰ס
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һ£ǸǶӣɱҫǿҵĻɫâ
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ڵõѪļһӽȻҫǿҵɫ⣬ɫȫһѤޱȣʹвϵɢһ϶ǿϢ
󣬱ɱ˼̳
һˡ
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Ÿе֮󣬱ɿ֮Уؾǽߵͨڡ
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һǿ壬ɣǧ֮˥ܡ
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ĻƷ綼Ķˣѩ˿ǲˮ
пãĽǶһϣ֮ѪעڱС
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תͷдһ˿֮⣬˵Ʒֵܣɷһæ
ʲôæƷüʡ
³ƺ²⵽ʲôΪ𾪵Ķǰı
һص˵ܹȡң߻ˡ

һʵ̫˾ˣڳ˰Ʒڶסˡ


920 
һνһﾪˣڳ˶סˡ
ʹãߣΨӵѪʿſԽ߻ˡ³ԵüΪ˵
ǰڲ飬ҲòɡƷ˵
ֻпܻˡһεĿ϶
ĲУֻһΣҪǴֻٵһˣǹϵˣôܽһλ˵أ³Խ˵Խ˿лƷ硣
峤ҲΪĽţ±ľ˵νƷ˵һĲĻɱѾһðյĶע
ΪֻһΣûаգƷֵܵĻǿɾͲһˡΪƷֵܱΪħ֮壬ǱѪ߾ûģƷֵܵʵҪࡣһص˵Ǿ˼ǵģԲǿЦ
ǡ³ʱ֪ȥȰ˵Ϊ³᱾˼ڱȽϴͳ¹νƷȷʵﲻܽܡ
ûʲôǣɷִ磡Ӳ۽ƷЦʵǺǣƷֵܣ֪ɷæ
ǶûĻҵЧ͡Ʒ΢΢һЦӦˡϾƷɲɵӣΪҷӡĵطǱȻмıأֱڸƷ磬˴һУǴˡ
ţԸ峤ʵк𣿡
˳ĬԣҲͬ
ߣȻǶ˵ĻҲͬˡ˵
³ɫһڣ̬ȼӣ㲻ɰ̾һͣסˣҲֻܽϣƷ˵ˡ
ͷֶƷЦǺǣ㿴Ҷûҽ߰ɡܹ˵Ļصл
лͲˣҶǵܸȤܽΪѵĻǾںòˡƷЦ
΢΢ͷѵˣƷֵܣ˵ڽߵʱ򣬻µ󣬵ʱϵкΣգҲ֪ҵȸ㡣
İɣҿӦġƷصϾƷ籾Ѿﵽ˰ܲǿ߶ɱ˰ɣ
Ʒ磬ɲԲҪȥѩ˿Щǵ˵
˿ģʱúֻǽȥһỽͿˡƷЦ
ԼҪСġѩ˿ͷ
ġ
˵գƷ㻺˼̨
³̾һȻˣƷ˵ӶˣǹϵˣһпɾͰˡ
ⵣͦصģҿԴӦǣұȻỽǵ񡣡Ʒһ֣ص˵ʵҲϵƷ籾ԼʵǿΪѣԺҲȥԸѪħǡ
Ǿͽȥɣףˡ³˵
ţƷڴĿע֮£̤ǲʹ֮ͨС
һ£Ʒʧ˵Ұ
һƷʧζ˶ѹƷϣ³᲻̾Ϣһű˵ϷȻͬ뷨ϷϣѡǶԵġ
ҵѡǶԵġһһı顣
󣬱ֶ˵˴ȻʧΣʱ޽̵ʱڰ۹ܻܿѹӶֹ˵ѣڱҪأǺڰ۹Щһǰַ壬ǱҪػ壡
ǣ
սۻ롣
ʵǲ֪Ʒ緵ĵڶ֮ʱڰ۹Ѿ׼˴ŸǼҪۼ۹ʵҹ̣塣
ڰ۹ս֮ʱǷǳŽġڰ۹սǿ󣬱鼰ļ϶࣬һζȫϵһ

ı䶯ѾƷ޹ء
ʱƷ磬һֶ޴
ޱȣɻ״޴ޱȣ߽Դʮףɲ⣬һͷΪȵǣоȻһɿµѹƷ硣
ȷʵ˵Ʒеʱڵ֮ˣɽ֮ھԨеһֻͬȴƷʵʵ˺
ھȻνߣǱһһ
ɣƷбγ𽣣Ȼʹ֮𽣱Ƿǳǿġ
ţƷ㾯ǰУȥ
ÿһƷоǴĳ󷨻һ㣬һɹǿϢ˶Ʒƽ
ͻȻ
𣡡
һ֮ʼ
𶯣ԽԽǿǹӴҲԽԽӽ
Ȼûô򵥡Ʒ粻ս𽣣ʱ̶׼ӭս㱻еƷ绹һսⰻȻӡ
ݴ½ʷأӵżԦ޵ɼǱһӴӦǱӡһȺǿ
ţĲԽǿҡ
ģҰڿԿˡ
Ȼ֮УųȺ޴ڵĳɱ
Щ޼Ϊ죬ƺΪ֮壬ȴűǿ
̬ƣƷ綼̲סһ
Ѳ̬ѹ˵޲ߣЩʥ޼ʵ汻治öԸ
ɣЩһһֻɱһֻӸǷ㵽ףƷ籬һһ򵱹Ī֮ƣָ𽣣ǳȺĵ
һ
ֻ޴ޣ
Ʒֱһնȥǿֱӽֻ޸ݻˡ
ɻûüֻ޳ɱ˹
ƷȻ壬ԭأһһЩݻ١
飡飡
һľ죬ȺȺ޽ΪƷ𽣴ݻ٣ȫƷһ֮С
ƷɱԽԽͣʧȥڵһսҲΪǿټǿ𽣣һһɱ
𣡡
һŭĺ֮Щûûһ㣬ɱһһʹƷܹ׵ĴݻЩ壬޾ģɱҲΪꡣ
ģƷŭһ
͵һ£ƷŭһӭеķݺݵĻȥǿһ
ݵһ
һεĽâƺҪ˺ƿ˿ռ䣬ޱȵĽƣеʮֱֻӱݻˣҲʱɨɾˡ
𣿡Ʒһ㶡
ɲŹһ޺֮ž֮У־Ȼ˴塣
MDôô鷳Ʒ̲ס˾ֿڣ𽣣˫͵һţֱӳǳȺгɱ˹ȥ


921 
𣡡
һһޣϡ
Ʒ𽣣ƺΪһ壬ٵȥֻ΢΢һ⣬˲ִݻʮֻ塣
Ʒɲɵӣпżƣվԭɱûû˵ĻǾɱһӶпɱꡣ
ҪǱڵƷ类ֲܣֱֻܺӵİ취Ǵľͷ
ƷоľͷǱһɿµϢӦƿĹؼڣƷ粻ٹЩ޲ֱɱľͷ

Ʒһŭȣһ߽𽣣֮һ㣬ϵ˺ӭޣȥ
ȻԽЩ޵ʵҲԽԽǿ
Ҳѹ˵ûаˣЩΪ壬еЩѾҽˡ
ģôô࣡Ʒ籩ŭѣоȫɱģ˵ԶôãȻûߵͷ
ƷѾûк·ˣƷԸҲԲ;ϡ
ɱɱɱ
ϵɱɱ
Ʒ綼֪ݻжֻޣֻƷԽԽ
ħһӰϵĴ֮СʹЩޱԽԽǿƷȻһ޼᲻ݵӭޣһһն¡
Ҳ֪жãƷҲ֪Զľ롣
ֻǣڵƷѾȫ˷״̬ƺѾԼĿģԺɱɱ
Щ޲ʶȫƾ־жԼƷǿͣȻûƱԽԽͣЩ޵ʵҲԽԽǿ
һ̣Ʒ˫ѾˣǲѪ˿
֪ʱǱƷ޾ɱ¾ħѪٶȼ
һ
ƷǷްŭһϱӿһɿֲϹĵһӴѪɫⲨ
Ȼ֮䣬Ӵӿĺˣӿ֮Уһ޴ĳϮЩޡ
𣡺𣡡
һĺǾ޴ĳ֮£Ⱥ޽Ȼݻ٣ҵĲš
ʱƷѾ˽֮ħļ״̬
ɣƷսŭĿӡ
ʱľͷӿһޡҲǸоƷʵǿЩ޵ʵҲǿʮ
Ʒ統Ȼ壬ŭ𽣣ǿӴĿħעУŭЩĴƬޣŭһƣ
һ£
ƷһŭֱնͽȻֳһ޴Ļâ֮ƣݻеޣ˺ǿ
䣡
һޱȾ޴ıը֮죬۵Ĺ⻪ڸеһУ죬е޶âз׷ʧ
䣡
һǿҵ죬Ѿ޷ƷһﵽȻ˿
ȻܰԵƷ羹Ȼֱ
͵ģһ̣ռ͵ıһɿµƷǱͻȻһ㣬ֱӱǹɹǿ˽ȥ
ʶݵʧ
ʱƷһƵĿռ֮У翣ûνĿռ䣬ҲûνʱƣоãȻƯһ㡣
ƺãƺֻǹһ˲䡣
Ȼһ£Ʒֱĳ˹ȥ
Ȼ䣬Ʒָʶ֮˫۵ʱȴȻķ֣ԼȻһټĶ֮С
ⶴ֮УȴһԻͶϵĹ
պգǹ֮ǰǿĵšɫ֡
⹬ƺѾˣƾùϵʷĸоһɺϵϢƷվ⹬⣬ܸеη
𣿡Ʒ簵뵽Ҫ˵еƷ羹ǸеĪѹ
Ϊ˱ʾ𾴣Ʒ㳯йʺƷˣ֮⣬ش˰ݷǰ
䣬þӦ
ѵ֪Ҳ˶ӭңǣƷЩ֣̿ʵ²пǾλʵұΪ壬ʵҪͨλҪǿһ֣ƷʵӵҲĶ֡
Ѱ˼ãƷǰǲԣʹ󵨽ˡ
һûеõӦ
ƷҲٷϻˣż־ɫ̤
һϴĸоһŨ֮ϢϢĻ꣬ƷĶɶ˼¡
˵޴ޱȣҪϼ֣ʮںɫн̻ԻͣĴǶŸɫħ
Щħһʥû𸮸ƿռĻǶƷһʼΪջľ޴󱦲أϧƷֻ̾ʥȤ
ߵģ޴֮ϣպһλӣþ޴ȱҪһϣ˫ۣɢǿϡ
ֻ⴫˵е񲢲鼮صûвֻǳþ޴ѡ
Ʒһ壬㹪ǰش˰ݷã˻Ī֡
˵꣬Ʒ㴹ͷ
ãλž޴ӻûп˵ڳ˯һ㡣
ˣڳ˯УѵҪȥ취Ʒţ̧ͷǾ޴ӡ
˼룬ƷҲ취ȥ
鷳ôôࡣƷﰵֹţǰ˼
ͻȻ
Ʒǰ̤һ֮ʱǺӵͻȻҫһǿҵĽɫâ

Ʒ󾪣ͣӣǽȥ
ȻǺҫĽ֮УֳһɫӰӰ֮УֳһӵӰ
ӸֶһӲİעƷ硣
ûλƵӣǴ˵е
ƷһֵղŵˣˣżΣ֮Уǰˣе֮˼¡
˵꣬Ϊᷢŭ
ⲻ֪ƺƷĻһ㣬ǲͷһߣɫгżµĲʣ޺޵˵ǧаһսһٽκаһޱȣʹа͵Ϯ±⵽شΪԻָƣκˣа֮䣬ֻһƵӰԵ֮ʱǧ֮ǰ䡣
ʲôˣ
ƷԾĵɴ˫ۣǲţϵĹӰϵľӰȷʵǸоκεϢ
ĻƷ粻ɴˣϢǴظ壬ϣȫˡǿ䣬Ʒ綼ϧ֮ǰļƻҪȫˡ


922 
ΪʲôҪأô죿֪Ƕж𣿡Ʒ粻̾Ϣһ
ӰҲ֪Ƿʵʵ˼Ʒϲ¶޾Ĳɣ벻ߡ
˶٣Ӱ̾ϢһƷߵķ򣺡˵ĻζűڴʿѾˣʿǱϣҲܴӦ󣬰塣

Ʒһ㶣ӣƺģϸϸš
֮ǰѾָƣԱһ˿ռ䣬ֻӵѪ߲֮ſɽռ䡣˵֮֮ʱǹϲ㣬Ѿɹͨ˱Ŀ飬㽫õ̳ߣΪµ񣡡Ӱһɫ˵
̳ߣ
ƷһΪϲ˲ûн꣬ǿǿλ񰡣ⲻ˸ı
ţӰֵǱ̳ߣʿʿѭһ壬Ϊػ񣻴˶Ϊаɱҵа񣬳ȥа˱ҲɵõϢˡ
壿ҿɲܴӦ㣬Ǹʲôаҵ˵԰ɱˡƷЦ
ʱӰѵһ㣬ΪλǿֱյĻض޷еҲ˷뱾ĿġΪղ˵ԣɵõΪر̳֮ļ̳б㲻ĻǱ޷õļ̳֮Ϊ̳֮Ѿ䣬ΨԲſɽƴ䡣
ҪģͦƻģⲻΪ˷ֹ˶𣿡Ʒ簵ֹһƷ˵ûõġ
ˣƷϻſµ켶Ǳǿ
ˣҲʧˣϣܹ壬ﱾԸӰԵЩ˵ɫԵޱȻ
ͻȻֲЦȥҲ
˵գһϼ⣬ʧڿ֮С
㻹˻ϣһУ㻹һλǿ񡣡ƷĬĬ̾ϢһȻزʶΪһλȷʵػΣһУֻΪ塣
û˽ûãȷʵǳƵ
ΪƷһݡƷ˵ĳϵľ޴һϵĹҲƷλǿߵ𾴡
˶٣ƷȻѪĴӴ壬ҿԸŵԺҲ½УҲԻᱣ塣аǼһҲϲյСˣлᣬҶȥ
˵꣬ϵĺͻȻҵĲ
ȻǺӵϣһǿҵĽ⣬ǽ֮£һɿֲϢ˰Ĺѹ
ǿ
Ʒ级Ȼѣ֮ȥֵǿѹ
ûˣλܾеơ
ģǽâ֮УǺӾ޴ӵĻΪһ̣Ȼʧڿ֮С
ȻƷչȥǽâ֮УһŻƽ֮ɫ̺ޱӴ
λ񣡡Ʒ缤֣Цааҵĳ裡Ʒ綨ʮٱûҺúõţҺܿţȻ߱͢񣡡
͵ģƷһԾҫŽλ
̫ˣƷĸ̾һĸоλ֮ǿ
λ̺ʵ̫ӴˣƷ֮ʹȫյĻǺܻܿᱩƷûô̰ģֻҪʱһֱӿԽ񣬵ʱԿħļ״̬仯밵аӲƷʤ㻹Ǻܴġ
µĶҿɲװ׹ˣƷ˫һϥ
ţƯƷǰ
ɣƷаľ趯ŸӵƣĻƺں֮С
ֱá
Ʒ͵˫һչ˸Ⱥɫ⣬һ񣡡
һ
͵һƮ𵴳ӴĽɫⲨǽɫⲨ̺ǿռ侹ǱòŤ
ƷһӡǶкȻһǿҵĽ⣬ֱӶƷؿڣһ˽ȥ

Ʒɫһ鶯üͷ
λ̺ȷʵǿ£һ֣ƷоĪʹ࣬һɾ޴֮ƷڣƷеѨԭѨҲ˲ơ
ʱƷǿʹ࣬ϵеǿ
ȻЧǷǳԵġ
Ʒ֮ʱгƷѪ֮ٶ޸֮УƷ֮ڷǿţѪҲڲϵǿʵ
ǣĹ֮УɲǷܳܵʹ죬ƷֻҪһȥκεķģ򽫻ֱӱ
֪ڵƷܵѹʹжֲб뷨Ļ˵ġ
ҵǣּԽĥʹ࣬ƷѳΣ־ᶨ֮ͳˣôʹ࣬Ʒ綼ҧ˹ȥ
ģӿƷѾӦˣҲɹǿ˰񶥼һǿ񣬾ֱ֮ӲͨλһƷҲֻЩˣ֮ν̬
ƷķҲеĲͬ
ƷĹ˵䱾Ϊ壬򵥵˵塣ֻ屾ǿˣſոΪ칦һζǿȻʵҲúܿ죬뱾ʵʾϣǲ壬Ҳ߻ħ
򲻴ƷΪǰѧʦ
ڣƷѾеڶֱΪѰͻƳ
ΪĴƷҲֻһѣƷ֮ΪǿߣںĲƷѾﵽͣʱ͵ˡ
΢˼˻Ʒֱ任µƣ͵һְ񣬷е
Ȼ֮䣬ӿ糱˰ӴƷֱעƷڣƷǿʵ̰
ϴ֮£Ʒڵڷǡ
ɣɣҺڴųһ̣Ʒ缫Ϊܰı˫ۣϵΪá
Ȼǿ֮ʱƷʵҲ׼š


923 
ĲգƷڵҲڲϵתΪ
ڣѾΪؼʱƷ粻κεĲȫȫеڡ
ģʼ仺ˡ
Ʒչǿ֮Щ֮ѹڵ֮УԭҲתΪ
оȷʵǺ
֮ƷԸоȫһǿһƺܹأľҲƺﵽµһ㣬Ǳȡ
ľɡƷ簵̾һѾʱڵѾͨͨתΪһɽɫ
ɽɫͬǼƷеҲ˵ƷϵҲﵽ񾳵ǿȣҲƷˡ
ˣڵҲ쵽ˣǾһһɣƷɫһٶӾһ޴һ㣬Ȼ佫һɾ޴塣

ƷɫһɱСֻһǿǴﵽλǿȣһӿ˽Щܡ
ҲֻЩܶѣƷ˵Ӱ졣
ţƷһȫɣӿ롣
ֱƷյﵽ״̬֮ʱƷֹͣ˶ա
еӴ󣬵һǿգȻ𲻵ԤЧҺܻܿ𺦡
ʿɶֹƷֻҪյԼܳܵͿˡ
ɣƷһӴһЦǺǣǿʵλн֮ɡ
λн֮ⱾҲƷԤеЧϾλһֱӽƷ֮λнףⲢ֡
ǣƷֵǣڵȻǿ󣬵ȴֵֺܿĸоƺȫԼ
ţȻǱó
ʲôƷ簵ɫ
Ȼ֮УĪ侹һƣռãʧܱ߾һƬڰǹɺȴԽԽ
Ȼ֮УƷĸоһɿµв֮ƺȫԼһһǿϺȻѹ¡
Ʒ統סǿʵĻһѹȴҲе˼ֲ塣
ߣ𣿡Ʒ簵һҲǴ˵еˡ
˳񣬱Ĵڡ
ԣع֮Уһλ½ĳ߽٣迼顣ͨʽΪһǿߣʧߣɥ
ˣɹͨˣܹʽʹڵ
֮УٿɷΪ֣ǿֱ׽١׽׽١׽ȻҲСӣһǧ׹ҪǿʮҪԶǿ׽٣ҹﵽϡ
󣬱ǿֲĽ׽١
ν׽٣콵ף׵£ÿһĹλǿһȻֻһٵһٵĽ׹֮УǱһ֮׵ĹҲǰԵĽ֮ṥߵĻ塣ʧܵĻ𣬾ҲŻҷ
ЩҲǴƷԺղص鼮˽ģϿյĺԽԽӴƷѾ뷨
ΪƷҪܿ٣ܱǽ׽١
û취Ʒʵ̫ˣ֮Զڱ磬Ҳʵ̫ˣƷ罵׽ٵĻҲ֡
ڣȻˣƷҪ׼ȥӦԡ
׽ٵȻǿƷ˵ҲǺкôġһ˵ٵĽٳ˿ߵʵ֮⣬ǶԳߵĴ塣׽ٵĻӵиǿĴ壬ԻĴҲǺ洦ġ
ɣҼʶһеɣƷһ޾ɫ͵ֳ𽣣ϿϾۼŵӴơ
ƺܵƷƣԽӵĳһɿֲϢÿռռ䶼ʼ΢΢
ɼǺ֮Уһɫ׵磬һһ㣬Ǿ޴
Ȼǽ׽٣濴Ʒ硣ƷһЦ𽣣ս˵ȻˣǾͽǵҳ֮ĵһְɣ
˵꣬Ƶĺ֮УһˮͰ׳Ľ͵һ±ƷϺ
䣡
һ죬ûüӦƷֱӱǽ׻С

Ʒƽһоһ԰ĸоҲŲһ¡
ǽ׵Ʒ綼˶ǽ׵ϴ֮£Ʒоڵǳĳ죬ƺǿһ֡
ԭôʹ죡Ʒ˷ܴЦڵĻǾԻƷһǸӡ
ǿµĽ׽ٰȻƷ˵ôʹ졣
˵꣬л˼ף֮ǰĵһ׻ҪǿϼһȺԵĹ
Ʒ˵ɣҲҴ⡣
͵ģƷеһעڵʵʵĵͷ֮
䣡䣡
ĺ£ĦſһƬƬ۵Ĺ⻪ĿռڼȵŤйѿ
ƷһסԵĽ֮͵ƷڣƷ塣ƷҲᵽʹ࣬׵ȷʵʲôǵĶ
ŸǰףƷ粢ޱЩ׵սĶһ㣬㣬ͦأ׼һ׵ĺ
ǺеĽ׸о޷˺Ʒ磬Ե÷ŭ޴Ľţѹǿ
䣡䣡
ǼִĽףǾ޴ĳһ㣬ȫƷϮ¡
ƷȻ壬Ѿõ͵һɨ
𡱵һ
𽣵ĻӶ֮£ͽȻֳһ޴ĽǿǼƷڵȫʽҲǿʮ
һĻҪ˿ĻǴΪ𾪡
ΪƷ羹ԼȥԿ׽١
䣡
͵ĺǽУȻ䱬ը˿޴Ű
Ʒ˼صİ׽ٵԽԽǿˣ˼
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ȷʵЩʿǶ߱ʥʵٴгһЩȥԸɺմǵĻǿԵģЩսʿҲҪԱɺմΪףҪ˱ɺմǣȻɾҲ߽⡣
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ģⲻʧ˹˵ֳľ񽣣ްŭһ
Ȼ֮䣬ڶ˹޴֮Уһɿ񱩵ĺڰ֮羪˰ӿƬǿĺڿ򶼿Ҫ
ռ䣬ȵŤ񱩵ľ͵ľ磬˿µһ㣬ӿɨĴ
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Ʒ羪ѣ𽣣彣ʵʵڻӣĶеС鴫С飬׼ˣһѾ󣡡
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СԵΪϲƺѵȺʱˡ
Ʒ羹ǰε֮ԴԴϵעУǿ̼ſħļעС
˹֪ĻһΪ𾪣ΪڿѾƷˣƷȫʹ֮
ȻƷصĺܺãȴ͹˶˹Ϊ˹һʵ̫ǿˣƷ֮ʱ򣬾ȻӰ죬ҵĿռҲһɹɿµħеĶ˹ϵĺڰ֮
ˣƷɫ䣬ǵ·˶·һ㣬ܵ˿ռ䲨Ӱ죬еƷ羹ȻСʧȥ˸Ӧ
ɣƷ羪ǻħӰĶ˹Ȼ⵽ʲôΪλ֮ǿ
Ʒ磡͹˱ʵɣ㣡ǳаһҲа֮ձаǧ֮ǰľչ֣һ£ҲӦøеˣ˹ЦһĿռ׷ѣǻΪһƬռγһһ㣬ǹΧŶ˹Ǿ޴ƶš
ռ䣬𵴣顣
ƷУ˵ǹ˹˹Ӷһ⡣
ˣƴˣƷһƾǿӭһƬĿռг˹ȥ
˹һѾõһװ𣺡ѿն
䣬˹ϵ񽣾ǹһƬĿռ֮УһƬռǲ˿һֻްƷ硣
ʲô
Ʒ绹û㱻ǿֲĿռ֮ݺݵ˳ȥ

Ʒʹ˻һӱǿռ֮УĴݲƷ壬ƷǿҲȥֵռĴݻ֮
ɣ˹ЦӶ񽣣ݺݵĶƷСеĺն˹ȥ
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ʱƷѾӵдݻһеĿռ֮С
ңƷѾƿ˿ռħΣʱ̣ǿڵĿռ֮ƴǿռа˳
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಻ϵľ죬ըͣ񱩵ĿռԴݻһС
ֱãһƬռֹͣ
ĺ֮У˹ޱ𾪵Ķǰ
պգǰԶƷȻţڳ˴ش֮Ʒ羹Ȼûһڽڵ֮ڿٵĻָϵơ
ߣǿ˱һȻû˹һ𾪲ѡ
ǺǣƽɱңԶأƷһЦ
ˣͼɱ㣬Ϊ˹û˵꣬͵һ˲Ʒǰ޴ƳаѪ⣬һָסƷ磬һѪħ
͵ģа֮ϮƷڡ
ԭΪ˹ڵſƷڵ
ⲻ֪ƷǲмЦУΪʲôȻѪħǼһðħҵҲ̫Ц˰ɣ
˹һ㶣ûӦͻȻһɿµĽ
ݵһ
˹һֱֻ֣ӱһɰԵĽ˺ƿˣһɵѪ
쵰
˹ŭһʹջ֣ĺ˼
ʱƷնеֶֶٻÿһ֮Уھ׶Ѫɫ
ôԣⲻܣ˹Ծĵɴ˫ۣû񽣡
Ǻǣ˸㣬ĺڿԭͶҲκεӰ죬̫ˡƷһЦһ򽣹ڣ
䣬ƷһĳŭѪϮ˶˹
ɱҲ̫˰ɣ˹мӭϮŭ񽣣ն˹ȥ
Ȼڶ˹񽣻նȥ֮ʱ㾪ֵĿһĻ
ԭǷڱƽԼ֮ȻΪһ壬һѪɫ޽ͬǰѪֻҪΪǿ
ವһ
ǷɽȻ˼ƹ˶˹һһֱӴ˶˹࣬ͱ˶˹

˹ʵľʹһһȻԼ
Ǻǣ֮ǰҴˣΪ򽣹ڵ򽣺һһģҲ˲ƷһЦʵİ׳˵Ҳǰ׳գ԰ȥˣҾͲˡ
㡭
˹ŭۣѾ޷ٿڼȥˡ
䣡
һ죬㵣˹Ǿ޴Ҳűը˿
ڶ˹ըһ̣Ʒ統ջ𽣣𽣣˲С


943 ʹ
䣡
һضҪ𶯵ıըֲ֮ˣıѹ£Ŀ񳾡
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Щ˲˵ҲµſӣſϮ˵ϢѾֱƵȫ
ʱ䣬еһƬĺѾը˿ƬնȾˣƲգȻʧɫ
µƲãɺ˹ǻĴǶ̳мѵӣһȻ¡
˷׷ϿȥɫѾָ˳ɫȴȫʧȥ˶˹ƷӰоһжͻȻʧһ㡣
˭ʤ˭
ͬھˣ
Ͼղһıըʵ̫ǿˣҲô׿Եֵסġ
ɫͣͻȻ俴ƽһĻԵ÷ǳĲǶ˹սʤƷ磬ζ彫ٶŻ֮֡
ѩ˿Ļһҡ
Ʒ硭ѩ˿Сţɫвʹ࣬߬úܽ˸⣬ڻǴĹڵأʹţƷ磡ģ㵽ģӦҵģҪȢҵġ
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Ʒ硭ѩ˿վӣԶմһϤӰзһϲЦݡ
ɶ˵ĶݰǵþˡһֻȻʹࡣ
ʱƷ粻ǵ嵹񽣣һа˵ˣһεļ棬ڣ԰ϢˣħҾͲĴˡ
˵գƷ񽣡
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һ
͵һǿķ籩ɺ˹ǻûӦ㱻ǿµķ籩Ʒ˳ȥ

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ʱǿ籩֮Уʶһ㣬аεضٵķԶգ˲ʧ
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öʧɺ˹ӾٶȷӣΪ𾪶ɻϿеƷ硣
Ʒ˼ãһӣ˲С
ٶƷѾ䵽ѩ˿ǰԶǸ˼ˡ
ѩ˿ƷãѹֲסеУǷһ˽ƷĻʹ޵˾ͺã˾ͺãȻһΪ㡭
ŻеƷԽӵĸеھΣаģԺԲԼߵΪԼģһЦǺǣ˿ڲûаǼһѾҽˡ
ʱɺ˹ҲżıܵУ׷۾Ʒ磬ޱȵľη˸ҶȻ´Ʒǡ
ϾƷԶɴġ
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ΪˣȴΣԺĶˡһ֣أű㹧Ĺмһݣ
ˡƷ΢΢һЦҲûоܾĹΪϵϡ
ллƷֵܡƷĳƺѾޱȹˣ̲סֵҡҿһ𣿡
֪ɡƷɫȻصǵĻֻܺźĸǣǵѾˣ⵽аȺ
ˣסˣȻɬ
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Ʒ硫ѩ˿㣬Ĳ̡
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˴ʧз˼֮ɫ
ˣ
һƬϵĺڱڵˣΪ뼤Ĺ羴ĤƷ硣
Ȼ
ʱƷ羹Ǿ㵵ķ֣֮ӿһǿأޣĪƷ֮ʱȴǿԾȵĸоڵǿ˼֡
֮𣿡ƷǰĤеǣ̾
ƷȻʧѩ˿ǰʵôƷ磿
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ƷɲϲˣǶɣҲϰ
ȻԸΥƷ˼׷ֻȻԵޱȾƷ硣ȻȴǧˣµȴǳˣԺҲ裬ΪǶѾõıӻ
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ǧˣǵȵһ̡
ˡʰаأɺ˹̲סƷʵɫԵû֣̿ƷԼе
ЩҲǷ׷ɻſõ𰸣Ͼղ񽣵춯ʵ̫˲ˡ
ǷģаǼһѾˡƷЦǺǵĻص
̫ˣɺ˹ĽкһҲǿϲĻ
⻶֮УǵȥЩҲԵɫʹ࣬ԵĻǻɱڰ۹
֮Уʹɫɺ˹ߵ˱ǰͨһأ˹ѾµĴ븸𷣡
ʲôЦЦ˼ãɬһЦܹ㣬ҴҲ㣬Щɵĺڰ͢
ɴɺ˹⣬ʹ಻ѡ
ǶΪ˱ģʵӦøеˣ̣֮ڶʿ˽ȥԼΪɹľҲֵҪЧµľ񡣡˵˵ţѾʹı˫ֻۣΪԼеʹȴ߬úܽܽݺݵ˵ҲһݳޣǾԲЩȥʿǰװ
ԣڰ۹ԲŹ㣡ɺ˹˵
ЩҲһŨŨսӣʱɱսɱڰ۹
ƷɫһԺͻȻֳһɰЦݣɫԵЩ˸УͻȻʵ𣿡

ͷɫ鶯
ҵĴƷݺݵı˫ۣԼЩϻҲͲᷢˡ


944 ĺ
ʱһ죬ڰ۹սѾʱһˣڰ۹Ұ׶飬аƷɱϢҲ̼ϯƬ½
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Ȼ͢Ҳõ˵һֵϢڰаά˿Ҳе֡
ά˿Ϊʵ˱չУͬʱҲʱ˹͢ڴ½еһлҲڴ½мѾ͢˻ˣζǲǽأ
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ʱգƷѩ˿Ҳص壬еһЩ⡣
ʵ⻹ʳ⣬ƷΪ˸µĸ֮ԺҲӴ˽ʳ⡣
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Ҳڿʼ׼Ժڰ۹չ嵱Ȼûô׿ʵ¡
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Ʒڴ֮УһƷݿɲͬƷҲûƴ˼еϣǱϹϾλ
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ҵءƷ˵
⡭һ㶣ҲΪжΪѰ˵Ǻðɣֻܵˡ
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ףڰ۹ɲֹкڰ͢·սĻѪħħľЩһоҲ²͸ʱƷĻص
̫ˣûй˼ɵЩ˹еķŭȷʵҪԼʧȥԭеǡ
׾ͺáƷ΢΢ͷͻȻʲôʣˣһһҪ㡣
ǧҪ˵̣ҿܲ𡣡亹
ǺǣʵҲ֪ǧս飬Ӧö֪ЩɡƷЦһֱеλаļһевȥŪ
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춯һ㶣Ѱ˼˻ͻȻ㵵ĵɴ˫ۣǻɡ
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Ϊβ밵аֶԸ㣿Եøˡ
аս˫ܴȻˣҲòȥа֮Բ֣δָɣ֪ҵʵǿ󣬲óȻաƷ˵
ĻǿɵÿЩҵаǣǻָƵĻ»½ɼΣص˵
ףҵʱ뿪ˣʲôĻһ̸ϻءƷ˵
⻰Ҳˡ˿
̫أã԰㡣Ʒ˵вֳŶԪӹ˵ſǶԪȻ岻߱ҲԻָ
ԪΪԾһŵӡ
ģǻʵĶԪƷ絭ĻɫһʵУǻز𣿡
˵ɫԵޱȵʹĻصҪȥȡȻѡ·Ǳزˣ
˵꣬бֳһŰƴСĻɫ壬ħڵħһ㣬ֻ⾧лһеϢ
ʲôƷɻֻǸо⾧дϢУҲЩϤ
ĺģȻѻ٣ȴǱԶӡ档ֹģҰ㣬ϣһܹȻɬһЦﻹżϣĽǺĵݹƷ硣
ƷӹǺģůůģƺоԼһֶԱ˵һһֱҵģȵҾȻʱ򡣡
ллһм˫һ죬ڵһλʧȥŮͨͨĸ׶ѡ

գ峿֮ʱ
ƷѾѩ˿У뿪塣
еʱѩ˿ƷĵʵƷ磬㲻ѵľȲ𣿡
Ҳ֪ԺҲˡƷ鸴ӣв˸ŵĺġ
ʲôѩ˿ɻʡ
걻ӡ棬˵һһȻġƷ˵
ȻأǲҲȢðѩ˿Ȥ
Ʒɫ΢΢ɫЦеѩ˿˵˵Ұֻǵð۰
ֻ𣿡ѩ˿ɰĳƷ磬͵Ц
ߣȱˣƤȥǣеܡƷһӿֱ֮ӷ۹ķ


945 Բ
С򣬹ģѾչԽ
Դӿȵĺӳ֮ӶѾֹͣ񣬿Ҳػſȣرֱ䱦һ㣬ܵκһֵ˺
ԭҲصСֻԭ뿨Ϊ۰СˮĵȨÿ춼ҪϼŸģôҸеͷۣҲܰ
֮⣬ĦϳžӢҲرС򣬱Сİȫ
ʱһԺУˣǿǡ
ãµ̥⿨ԭԱһޣָͣ
ưһЦǢ
ۣ
һֻ޵ˮֿʼ۴
ˣˮ⺢ôôޣö˶˵ôֿˣԭ˵һֱͣ
УǱſˣ㿴ˮĶˡ۽ŵԭһ߱ǹɵСЦǺǣ㿴Сͦϲҵģﻹû޹ء
Ҫ㱧ˮĿ޲ޡԭ˵
ǿǵģһҪͣǶǸˡưְıԭ
ҳһһֱҲ磡ԭеһߺˮģ˵ˮİ˵Ҳүүɶ
ⲻ֪ԭ˵꣬ˮĵĿøˡ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɡԭɫΣŻеСˮĶ۵Ŀ޸ͣΪۡ
ףұĶɡЦǺǵ˵
ǻǸɡԭĽŵˮĽ˿ȵ
һڻһЦˣĶˡ
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ڣˮѾص˿ȵĻȻ޸ͣ޵ԽԽء
֣ˮĽôˣôö˶˵Ļ޵ôءư۰˵
ˮĲǶ˰ɣԭͷʵ
СһһѾԵñˣôأ̾ŻеŮ޸ͣǲ֪롣
ǡⲻ˰ɣԭǰ˵
һͷųˮڣϸĲ쿴һˮڵ״漴ɻûаĶܺðû
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һ㶣ѭȥ㾪ϲļƷѾЦվ˿ǵǰ
ȻˮƺƷĳ֣ȻͣˣǿɰСԴͷ¶ˮ۾Ʒ硣
㿴˵˰ɡƷ΢΢һЦ
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۽Ʒ磬ϵɫʧһϲЦݣƷ磬ˣǶء
ȣǸΪҪһЩԲŻˡƷǸһЦᲽߵ˿ȵǰı˱ùɵˮģֺǺǵЦǺǣ첻оˮĳ˲ٰ
ż찡ô죬ͻƷ磬ȴҸЦݡ
ǺǣҲǡƷͷһЦǰӣůůģЦǺǣĶˮ֮壬Ҳġ
Сأ㿴ӳڣû޹أҵġɫǣϾӳܿ޵Ļġ
ʵҲһɫΪСҲʵ̫ˡ
ССȴйɴĸ֮ҲģǲصˡƷЦ
⻰ҲǷˡ
Ʒ磬ڴ½йĴſԽԽ䶯ˣ˵˺ڰ۹аǼһҲУ𣿡ԭͻȻʵ
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ǺǣλиϢҪǡƷһЦ
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ȷӦÿ죬ʣһ˿ˣ
Ǻǣס㣬˿ȷʵǻˡƷЦ
ģ˿ĻˣԵüѡ
˿أôһưæʵ
˿˵Բǣе㺦²ǣھŲҳءƷΰʼͷ
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ǰƷ磬㻹˿óɣҶûҿĻءа˵
ǺðɡƷ˵գбԳ𸮡
ವһ
һҫѩ˿ֵ˵ǰֻ˫۷죬ͷȥſǡ
ղƷ˵ЩΪѩ˿һֱš
˿ãϲһЦæǰѩ˿˫֣˿ãЩȥˣǿɶˡ
Ƚ㣬ҡѩ˿̧ͷзỨһʱԡҶܹԼԽòſһ㣬ҧᴽ໰Ҫ˵ȴ˵ˡ
ˣ˾ͺãһžˡưЦǺǵ˵Ҳ۷ˡ
һˣѩ˿һ㶡
ѵôưһʡ
һˡѩ˿΢΢ͷжѣڲ¸ҵ̧ͷǸԲЩǵģѾҲôˡ
˿ЩӿǺҰⶼȥˣԭסʵϾΪѰѩ˿ȷʵǻ˼
Щ鷳ѩ˿Żص
ߣ˭۸ǵĹȥ˺úýѵǼһԭĽе
ǼһѾˡѩ˿Ļص
ˣһ㶡
˿һĿɣ㿴㶼˲١ưһᡣ
Բںۣһǵġѩ˿΢˵
ҿǻȱ˵Щˣú׼һΪ˿ӷɣһ˺úõĳԸԲЦ
ⲻƷЦ
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㣡ԭǺ죬ܿˡ
Сѩ˿һ㶣ŷԼ۴ˣôôԵӤԼȻûſƽ̹¸Ʒ绳еˮģԾȽ㣬ⲻǡ
ǺǣǶѾˣǸ̥һЦ
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Ʒ΢΢һЦĽеˮıѩ˿
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УģɴȤ˿Ʒɻ֮ҲǿԵġ
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һ£ѩ˿ɫ̵ĶǸͦظȥˣȴǹɬЦݣˡ
˿̣ƷһˣǴԲˡ


946 ˿ĵһ
ʱ֣ΪףһεԲڿڵĴԺУڡ
ΪƷԼ޶ڹֻͣǺͨһ͡ûˣҲû˵Ĳ룬ЩƷֿˡ
һεͣȻǺܷʢҲǺ֣Ʒ綼ܿģ̸˵أЦʱʱˮ޵ǵ˹Ц
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ޣʹ࣬ǸжԼĽ˵飬Ľ˵飬УҸƷҪҫһ㡣
ͬʱҲƷ簵ģҲҪԼˡ
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948 ŵʵ
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ЩҲƶ˲ٵĹأϾŵѾչԽԽ󣬵ȻһЩͷͳš
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Ѿ׼ãƷ͵˫һһӴ֮ǵͷϣһ֮ǿ˵Ժ֮С

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ȻǻҵʶУĦǵʶѾĻӵʶĥ˾˷ֲҡ
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949 ƹ
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ˣһ᲼֮ǶΪе㣬͸Уܹͬȵ֮Ƕܴﵽʲô磬ǾҪǱľ컯ˡƷϽ˵

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㾡ɷģ˭ǾԲ;˳Ħ˵ҲһģǵƷĶݣûƷûڣ԰ĦǲηƷҪǽҲԥĽԼǾԵҳΡ
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ĵڶҲǼΪؼΣյһҲƷԭγԣƷҲûİա
򵥵˵ڰĦǳΪ֮ôҪȱøעҲǽеעУĦΪ㣬ֱ
ҲʹƷԭеĴطԭԵĲͬаĦǱʣǵõĴУȻ޷̳Ʒȫĳ档ɹ˵ĻǽĦǵʵԽԽǿԺǴħ磬ƷҲڶʵǿĻһ𴳵ħ硣
ҲڲõĽŵҲᷢչħ磬ȻңԶȫûпܡ
ʼˡƷ˫һе񻺻ƯɶڰĦĵϿ֮ӴϢıѹŰĦǡ
Ҳоıѹǿһʯһ㣬ܲѣһȼһ㣬ڵѪҺǵùȣоӶ챻˺ѿһʹࡣ
ǶƷ˵ĻҲΪǿߣû˻Ψǿͼţʹĥ
Լܹܳ˲ܳܵʹ࣬Ʒи¶˾ģңҾԿǱǿģ
ʱ˺ͣϰĦǵ֣ӵгΪǿߵľģЩ
ʱƷѾӿޱǿҵţһ
͵ģƷӴ֮ٶͷУ
ţƷ罫еﵽǣӴ嫵籼ڵĺһ㣬ӿС
ͻȻ
ھ״̬еİĦǣȻоǿӿһӴµǵӣǵꡣ
̫ˣ
Ժһθֳָܣʹ಻ѣڵвְѪǣƺһӱǹݻһ㣬űҪʹһٱʹࡣ
УȴҽУΪǶֻ֪Ҫһ⣬ǾǰˡҷǷĻ;ض⵽ķɿǹǲԼеͬ鶼Ҫɥ
סһҪסƷвϵĬţ˱ֵʹ࣬ƷҲʹû취Ȿž֮Ҫ׳ΪǿߣǱøһĴۡ
䣡䣡
ҵĲţӿһɹǿӴϵУڰĦǵڡ
ʹʹ࣬ĦҲţȫ˿һкûУҪԣˣĦܹ㣬Ѿǳˡ
޾ʹĥУĦڵҲԽӵǿ̣Ҳڴݲеõ˴Խӵǿʵ󣬿ո
ģĦѾ˹ҲƽˣڵʹҲ𽥵ļᣬ˸о˾̥һ㣬ޱȡ
ĵһǿ죬ǰĦԭĻ޷ǿ
ԭոսʹİĦǣ׼ЪϢһⲻ֪ԺȴͻȻƷǳͣǵѾõ죬ɾҪ˷ˡ
һٳɣ㿪ʼӿ˵Ϊá
ǺǣǿˡƷһοһЦȫðźˮȷʵǺķƷ粻ٵľ
⣬ĦѾƽȵеˡ
û뵽ƾôݵʱ䣬ʱռȷʵһ졣
СˣϣҲ쳽һƷʧʱռС


950 񱩵ķ
ĦѾ״̬ҲȶֻҪܳʱ䣬죬£ҲƷΪĦѡʱռԭˡ
ڿǹؼʱ̣ʱϮƷ粻˷κһֵʱ䡣
˿̣޸ռеķˣȴһء
ף
һôңԶ۰ʱʱ򣬷һֱԼ׵ģҲĽܹĸ۰
һ£ƷȴΪ˴˹ڸ׵Ϣ
ȻǺܼҲ죬ԶڸղƷѾ׼ΪϢܻܿǻϢ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒֵ˷˵ǰ
ô죿һ㶣˼Ѱűһ
Ǻǣɲʱռ䣬ʵеȻмĲ𡣡Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ǳϺ쳽أ˵ǵʡ
ǺܺãֻҪһʱ䣬ѾûˡƷص
ͷͷҧ͵̧ͷʵҸ׵£
Ѿ׼˰ɣƷʵģƷĲ̣֪Ļǵñ߷ˡ
˵۽Ʒ磬ﷺżϣ֮⡣
Ʒɫ΢΢һͣͳ˵˼һϢ
ϢĬȻǵȴƷҪԼĴ𰸡
Ʒε̾һһźɫ˵ϢǣĸѾ뿪ˣĸףҲͬ⵽˲ҡ
ˣգգۣʹ֪𰸣ʹ׼неһ˿ϣˡ
˾ʹĹǺӰ޴
ȻǳˣͣҲֻǸӶѡ
Ʒ翴ʹ࣬ҲͬܣľȥںϿħĵĻǺΣյģϾм͵־
ɣƷСɲ޵ʱ򣡡
ҡ˵ȴֲ֪λش
ʹ࣬ѾΪʵӦĸĸҲϣжǿҪ㸸һΪеǿߣҿԸȨ޹֮ᣬúȥԺƷ˵ҲǿӲ
ͷĨȥеˮ
СҶܴ㸸׵Ҹеź㲻ĸĸеʧĸĸЩڰ˵Ϊ㸸ףΪ½İΪ˲ܵͬıʹӦýֱʹΪܽĶ־ΪƷĵӡƷĳ˵
Щ˵Ҳȶݺݵսȭͷ˵ҷģһΪǿߣ
ģǿߣƷοһЦ͵˵ɣԺɲĹˡ
ллĽ̵Сġ˻صվӣȻﻹ¶ʹ⣬ղѾöˡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷвֳ˿ħģһаѪһǿµϢ˳
һϢƵ˼ϢϤ۶Ʒ羪ȵĽеħ֮
ǿħ֮ⶫǿħ֮ģҲһࡣƷص
ģ˳׵ľסˣ벻ƷôõⶫǿֻдӻϲȡĶ
ܾǰɣҸ㣬ħ㸸ϵġƷŷ˵
Ҹ׵ģһ˼һγ˻ңǷ񣬽סǼĽңΪʲô
˹ķӦƷҲܹ⣬һɫ˵ΪǱڰ۹ʱҷһλսˣҲˣ¸Ѿٶˡ
ţƷ㽫սͨͨ߸˷ˡ
ЩֻɫĬ֪Щʲô֪˵ʹࡣ
Ʒε̾ϢһҲ֪˵ˣЩҪ˱ԼȥܣҪĻǿԼ
ͨȥ벻ͨǷֻԶʹ
֪ʱеȭͷѾ߬ԽԽѾ߬Ѫ⣬ЩѪҺݺݵıۣżʹࡣ
ƷҲάֳĬûȥŷˡ
֮󣬷˽ȶ飬˫ۣǰƷĵЦݣԲ𣬸ղСˡ
⡣ƷЦЦ㽫ħĵݵ˷˵ǰ˵С㸸׸Ȼ㸸ˣȴΪһ壬ԶĿɳΪǿߡ
ҾԲҸʧģȭ
Ҳ㡣Ʒ˵ͷѵСħҿֱڣ㸸ױѪͨ㱾ӵпħʣȻ˵ںϵļʺܴ󣬲Ҳųı䶯ںϹҲʹ࣬Σ㶼Ҫȥάرģ𣿡
ллѡһĸмղƷ˵ЩľѾöˡȻԶԼĸףԼĸȴԼΪһ壬Լ
ѾˡƷЦЦ̱չӴ֮˷˵ڡ
ţƷڵһɽɫ϶ǳǿĿħĻƮ˷˵塣
ɣѾı˫ۣ˫չ׼ӭԼΪԼ֮
ͻȻ
ħڷ֮ʱһӴ̼ӿ˷˵ڣֱڷ˵֮ʱһҪȫ˺ʹݲŷˡ
Īʹɫ鶯˫ȭգʹʹ࣬ҲԲֿ
СסƷһڵעڷ˵ڣάŷ˵Ͼ뷲ʣܿħĵȷʵЩǿ
ǣħѾ壬õʵļħĵͻʱʧʧƷԲܾ˷ˡ
ң˵־ᶨȻ˼ʹ࣬ħѾ˷˵УΪһ壬ħĵҲ𽥵ڷ˵ڣΪ˵
ɹˣƷΪϲ
ȻƷϸ¶ϲɫ֮ʱ
͵ģͻȻ˫ֱۣǿҵѪ⣬ĿƷŭһҪɱ㣡
䣬͵ıӳһȭǿҵѪ⣬ǿȭֱƷؿ˹ȥ
С
Ʒ羪һ£ڳһ֣˷˵һȭ
һ
һȭŭƷУһӴˡ
Ʒ籾žûҪȥԸ˵˼˳ŷ˵΢˼СҺúѹ
ϧڷеķ˸Ʒ˵Ļ
ɱ㣡ŭһɱڵĻһֻȭͷͬǿƷȥ
ģˣƷ簵һӭһֽ˹ȥһע˼
һ
һȭǴǿӲĸְһ㣬޴ֱӽ˸˻ȥ
˵ķȻûѵļ󣬷ԵԽӵķŭ˫۳죬ǷĶħһ㣬һƱҪɱƷӡ
ĻƷɫҲɱ


951 𸮵ʮһ
𣡡
һĺϵѪɫΣӿɢ񾢵ӿܣռ䶼ƺηš
ʱѪİ֮У˵Ѿ췭ظı仯ƺԵüΪʹ࣬ھҵĲţһ˫ȭգ֮УԺɫͻأ˳մȾѪһ㣬ޱȳ졣
ûǿħ״̬
ȷʵڿħ̺ӴĿħ֮Խħ״̬ʵֱӱĵ֮
Ͼ֮ʹľķҲȫĳסӴаѾһЩʶ
򵥵˵ħıڷ˸׵ģڷ˵ĸǰʹޣڷ˵ʶ֮Уڷ˲ŻʶңǰƷС
һǵ͹˿ħĵĸãСɶԲסˡƷɫһóˣɸʶаѹȥ롣
ħҪɱ㣡һһѪɫ⣬ڵĳƷɱȥ
˵ٶȼ죬һգ۱ӵƷǰֱǿһȭŭĶ׼Ʒؿ˹ȥ
Ʒɫƽҫ˵Ľ⣬Ŀס˷һȭһӭ˹ȥһƺȴ׼ȷ뷲˵һȭһ
䣡
ȭƴһɾ޴

ʹһһȭУֱӱƷһƻ˳ȥ
쵰ŭһӸһȶ͵˫һţ֮Ʒ硣
Ʒɱڵķˣַ˵Ľ⣬ڵѾӿС
˾ֱײ˹
ȻڷеȭͷƷʱƷһֻ־ǽƻһ˹ȥȵĿס˷˵Ȼһš
ʹĽкһӵĳƾǵƷڳһֱ֣Ӱ˷˵ͷ֮Уǿֱӿڷ˵ڡ
û취ڵĿħ֮Ѿ˱ƷѹȥȻ˾ͻزס
Ʒǿѹưǿ߲ٻ£һӱ㽫ڱĿħ֮ѹȥڵ֮С
ſң˷Уɾ޴ڣȫ嶼챬ѿһ㣬ʹ಻ѡ
СúúˡƷ絭˵˫һǿֱ֮͸ڷ˵ڣ뷲ںϵĿħУĨȥ˿ħ֮ıĸʶ
ֻǣܵĳ÷˱ʹ࣬
УʹĿҪˣҲҪˣȫ˺ˮʹŤ˫۷һѪ˿
Ʒǿʹ޿κΣֻܾȶסڵĿħ֮÷˿ȶտħе
Ȼʹģķ˾ǳǧаʹ࣬ڵζ챻˺ѿһ㣬ʹ˼¡
Ȱȣ
һ֮죬ڷ˵ѾƿһѺۣѪֱӴѺӿ˳޴÷˵Ѿܵ˼ޡ
ãƷϵԲŻѡ޸ռ
ʱڷƿѺ֮ʱͻȻðһɰɫڷ˵˿֮УŻָŷ˵˿ڡ
ʹд˵֮ϵĵõǿԽӵǿʵͶǿļӲ
ֱãƷһİ֮£˵ľȶڵĿħ֮Ҳʼƽ͵ڷ˵
ҡôˣһجΰķ˹˫ۣһ۱㿴ǰЦƷ硣
Ǻǣ㣬ãѾɹں˿ħ֮ĵѾİǿˡƷ΢΢һЦ
𣿡һ㶣ȵĴϵı仯ǿΪϲҸойɺǿҵ𣿡
ڵĿħ֮ȫȶ붨ްɣúõȥӦµΪǿߡƷѵ
ллСˡΪĸм
ţ˱ϥ붨״̬
Ʒ΢΢һЦǰķԸǰѾǵδµķˣһЦǺǣӦûйҵɣڵСѾˡ
һ£Ʒʧ޸ռС
һ̣Ʒ»صʱռ䡣
ʱռ޸ռʱ࣬Ʒӷ֮ʱռѾȥһ¡
еȷΪӴ󣬰ĦǻھеȻȽȶƷҲǴɷġ
ȤƷռС
ռƷҲûţֻҪʱĻռд洢ƷڵѾתΪֻҪʱ㹻ĻռԴ洢ԺԸѪħǺƵġ
Ʒɲǳռ𸮵һš
Ҳǵʮһţ
ǸÿˡƷЦЦһֱ֮⣬ڵпռ䶼˺档ǵԭ˵ֻҪһſռ䣬ɼ𸮵ˡ
Ȼ𸮵Լڵ磬Ʒܺ棬λӵдͨ˵Ǻηʥ
ɣƷַǿҵĽ⣬ͻ֮ƷѾſԴ򿪵ʮһŵĿռ䡣
ʮһſռֻӵʲôǿأ
ʱƷѾվ˽ǰ۽ǰϵĽšҲƷ׼ҪһŵԵʣƷԸоڽǿϢ
ˣƷЦڵѾ˫֮Уҫ˶ĿĽâֲ˹ӿ
ƣ
Ʒһȣ˫ƳİǽС
䣡
˫ǽУһ޴죬񱩵ռŰ˿
ò˵ŵǿȷʵǺܱ̬ﵽ֮Ʒ綼о˳
ͻȻ
˵һ
Ѿ¶һݿ϶俴ǰãã硣
Ʒ翴֮󣬴Ϊϲе͵ǿ˼֣þڵһ˫Ƽǽȥ
ˣ
һصĽƶ֮¶Ŀ϶ҲԽԽ

ƷִһȫʹһֱֵӽǳصĽŸȫƶ˿
һ
ſԶ׼ǰȫһƬʵ磬ռŰɫЩϿƺͨƷеĸоУһɿµһȫµ
ޱȵĺ뼤Ʒ粻̧ţǽڵǰ̤˽ȥ


952 Ԫת
һƬռ䣬оȫµһռ䡣
ƺǸڱ𸮵Ҫߵ
ƷһŸ̤ˣԺбǿӿһİʶ
Ԫתռ䣬֮Ԫ֮תԪ֮ߣɴɡ
ߣƷһ㶡
ԭʱƷ飬鼮мأߣΪͨߣΪɡ
˵ӵг鱦鵤ҩͨأɽ֮ǧȡͷ­֮ΪɣҲǷеɡ
ԭƷǲţԴӳԽ磬õǿ𸮣֮Ǿ˵ȷʵſµߴڡ
ѵ
λԭ𸮵ˣһλ˵еߣ
ɻУͻȻռеЩʼӿһɿµֱӽƷסˡ

ƷΪɫڵҲʹˣȫ޷һǿ֮סˡ
ƷֻǸеȶѣǺ¡ϾƷµˣȻ𸮲ȺԼǿҲء
Ȼ֮䣬ǹİȻһ糤һ㣬ֱӴƷڡ
һ壬ֱӳƷڵ
ʲôƷ级Ȼʧɫ벻⵽ʲôȻԼڵݻˡ
˵ζƷò״ɵ񾳾Ȼûˡ
ģ϶ġƷﰵİοԼȴ޷ȥֹӿ룬оѾܰԵռԼ塣
ͻȻ
һ
һε죬һɾ޴ըƷڷŰ˿ƷĽѪ⣬ҧһ㣬Ʒżʹ

ƷʹĴһȻ޷ֹƷĽݻƷζȥˡ
Ʒ־岻ѣı䶯ѾȫƷסˡ
ֵֻǣȻʹҲһƬǽ壬Ʒʶȴǻֺܱѡ
ٵһ£ƷԺͻȻ󵨵Ĳ룺Īǣҵ
뵽ڴˣƷչ֮͸ǰ׹С
ϲǣǰ׹ûжƷ֮ɳͻѺõƷ֮Ϊһ壬˵ҪΪһ塣
ҶˣƷЦһ˵ִʶǰ׹Ʒ֮Ҳǰ׹֮УѾΪտǵš
ǰ׹֮ڲϵǿƷ壬ȻǺʹ࣬Ʒ־ǿͣҧҧš
ǰ׹Ĳӿ룬ƷѾĸоһȫµ׼Լǣԭȥǰ׹еϴϡ
о̥һ㣬Ʒڽԡĸо
ȫµ壬ȫµƷеΪ˷ܡ
ԭƷ绹ΪȡƷڵƷ羪ϲķ֣ԭǱ֮ħѹҲǻȻţƷͬԽпħֻǶһȫµ
Ԫ
ԪΪڵԪκԵתΪԪ
ͬʱԪҲתΪκһԵ
ƷԺӿȫʶԪ֮ʱתΪµĻ֮ǿǱ֮Ļ
̫ˣŰ׹еƷ粻ɾ̾һ
ʱƣԭƷڵĸϵҲǰ׹תΪԪԭǱ֮Ҳ̼ա
ǿ󣬷ǿ
ȻڵƷ绹ջԼ壬ƷȴǸоڵһǿһƺΪһȫ
Ԫе񾳵ȼҲƣɷΪڡڣҲеĳи߽סƷڵԪеϵĵõǿ˵Ʒӵеʵ̫ˡ
öʱĴ̥һƷѾȫ˱仯ڵʱݱԽӰ׾ȫƺһɴһ㣬ƷҲԽӵľһ˵Ϣ
ۣţӵеƺΪһ㡣еƺһչƷԺС
Ʒ֮壬Ҳƺõڿռ䣬Խʱƣƺƿ𸮣֮䡣
ʱؼƺɿµһ㣬ػȻɫƲ㷭۵İ׹ʥĹâ̼Ƭ½
½ˣĿһĻҲоһص˶Ĥݡ
ǿ⵽ʲôʥеά˿ɫֲѣ֮̽ȥȴһƬ翣ƺǴؼһ㣬ȫѰԴ֮
ͬʱ䣬ڴ½ĳطңԶδ֪ĺڰ֮УһѪɫͫҫ˿µĹâűһǿѵˣܣͨٻֵ꣬ǴӺζ
˼ãֻߣĶ˹Ȼ̫ʧˣǰˣ

ʱڳȫ¾Ʒ磬û뵽Ȼ˴½ľΪ˷ܵеͨͨתΪԪƷڡ
öλƷѾƿػ壬֮ڲ̽ȥѾȫûѪҺˣȡһһɰһ
ɱСΪƷоνҪǿ֮ͬУƴƷڵԪֵܵùͬе
ƷϥٶȽ˾֮Уȫµ֮£ڵȻҪתĸ˳һоһɺܰԵ
ʱеƷϣһɵİɫƷƽУϵתڵİ
ϾİģҪʹƷúúȥϤ
ģƷ㽫ڵİѹڵ֮Сǵ֮УΪԪĺģֻҪƷһǿ
֮Ʒһ˫ۣϷϲɫЦݣǺǣԪڣû뵽Ȼôͻˣ
ԪڣҲǱλн׵ľ磬ֻǲͬλноǲʹÿħƷҲɵĻɱλнǿߡ
ԪΪɣƷ籾ڵѾﵽλн֮ڽԪתֱ֮ӿԪڶﵽԪǺ顣
˷ڼ֮УͻȻವһɵƷǰ
С顫ƷǱ߹ճһ׶Цݡ


953 ʵ
ܵƷĸӦеİ㾪ȵƷԺʵˣ
ǺǣǿǰɡƷЩɪЦЦ
ӦÿԴǸˡѵ
һ˵һءƷȻ򣬻ǵ棬һµ֮ǰƷ֮򲻿ɼеж¡
ˣҪȥ𣿡ʵ
ƷӦȲĽС
𽣵磬ԼѾһ͸ɫ̥ˣǻδӤһ㣬ڴڳɳ״̬
ˣˣһƷ磬㼫Ϊϲķ˹ԵЩίֹˣ㶼￴ҡ
Ǻǣ㳤ˣĻγˣʱɲǿˡƷЦееĽԺǽҲǲܵ顣
ҲԱɺһʵ̫ˡ˷ܵĽе
ˣǽأƷͻȻʵ
ء˵ֱһ⣬ͽȻֳһӣһɿµѹǽͷ˳
ͬϺǿƺƷڵתΪԪ֮󣬸оѹƺѾƷ粻Ӱˡ𸮵ԭˣȵƷʮһſռʱſɵõ
ˣôæʡ
ǺǣӦûˡƷЦЦǽ̽ȥһǽɢǿϢȻƷκεĵִƺǢҪȥӽƷ硣
Ʒһǿֱ֮ǽС
ҲţѾгΣһ˫ɫԵüǿɰ
ģƷ֮֮£пǽбһɫâֱƷڡ
ȻһɴİϢƷԺ֮УϢΪӣ֪һǳǿ
㣬֮ƷŴо˹亹ÿµ
ˣɻ
С飬ҵĹֿԴˡƷ˷ܴЦ
ˣϽʵ
ڻ滹мڵءƷҡҡͷһǸ˵С飬ҪȳȥˣҴһЩ֮ٻ
ðɡԵЩį
Ʒεҡҡͷڻǿеʱ
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956 Ŀս
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957 ǿĽ
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˿̣ڵһλϢߣɫ˵䡭ʵ޳Ѿǹ۹һ۹Σ
üͷһ
ǿŭ˼
˼ˮ㽫Ϣ˵˸
֮ŵɫ鶯µĺû
Ʒ磬λ񣬻пֲǼ۹ҲǴǼֱ
𾪵ϢԭЩ֮ǰڷˣɫ죬һͻȻưһ㣬˵ˡ
гĬˣŵľٶ޷ھ۹ȥڰ۹ע⣬ǿʵѾǱҪˡ
þã̾ϢһʵɺѾ˱߽˰ɣ
ˡһλӦ
ϣɺǲǷ嶯Ȼй͢ӻŭ̬ļһǹ۹סΰ̾ѾеˣԵѹʵ̫ˡ
ɳĬǻٷʲôŵʵ۸ԼͷǵùԹԵĳ
ͬʱ䣬ڹʥ֮УҲٴ𾪵Ϣ
ʲôƷһô˶ǿϢԴɿ𣿡ά˿öסˣΪϢʵ̫ˣȻ˵Ʒ簵ŵҲûôֲ
ȷʵǧȷ˹Ӧ
⻰ά˿ĺ˫ۣûڵ֪̾ˣӦµ˼һˣϧڡ
˹ҲˣƷµɳһǧԺͷ赲סˡ
ˣȥһ֮ˣʲôƷ绹ţǵûˡά˿˵ʵҲûϣ
ΪƷ羹Ȼ̶ܹ̼ڳٹ꣬ʵֻﵽ˱̬ľأΨſɶԸƷɣСС½
ڹ۹͢յϢ֮۹Ҳյ⾪˵Ϣ
ѩ𾪲ѣԭɱǰڰ۹Щˣǲˡ
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ⳡսҲǹ۹ܲˣΨ˳ǵѡ
Ȼڰ۹ҲյϢڰ۹ҲһƬֻ״̬Ϊ¶˺ڰ۹

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󾳽磬ֱΪԪԪ顢ԪԪӤԪƷΪ𸮻ԪתռĴڣýתΪԪҪ
ƷȻ֪жֲ޵ħӦûġƾǿԴʱռĻ֮壬ǿɡ
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꣬򵥵˵꣬µĻͬ߾磬굽£Ҳɳһ壬
УҲҪ̬ΪڻлһֻҲǻļܣ֮䣬ԻɱˣֵĴգԶʧ֮Уɼж̬
ľ磬ζӦҲ󾳣Ϊ˻ꡢػꡢĻꡢԪꡢꡢ꣬ÿһ꾳Ҳɷֳк֮ڣԽǿƿصĻԽǿԽ¡
ȣƷӵǿ֮֮Ҳ֮ͬƷȴ޷ʹ֮չ
һˣ̬ĻǶλ񶥼ǿߣƷҲпܽɱҲǻĿ֮
ϵĹƷѾﵽԪڣҲλ֮ͬѾ޵ˡ
ڣƷѾʱռ¶ԪѾȶԪ֮ûرĻ뱬ĻͻƵԪھ绹Ҫõʱ䣬Ҳ˿ܱûˡ
Ʒʱûн˼Ԫϣꡣ
ʱһ翵統УƷǿĻŴν֮꣬ʱҲҴݲС
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еҪƷѾʹĻҲҵ
ʱƷĻУƷ趯һֶصʽӡвϵĬŷһɵĻҹ⣬ҲҵֵĹɫǵĻҹ
˾Ϊ˻꣬ӵҵ𣬳ʻɫ⡣
ҵҲţҲҪҵϴĻ壬ſɽһĻ꾳ҵ޷гĻ֮ľͱȥˡҲŻ꾳뱾֮޹ϵǻ꾳ϲȥԪ޷ͻƣǿͻˣҲֻѰ·ѡ
ޱȣȻƷѾõ˻ľϢҲҪõʱ䣬ƷŻѡʱռ
Ʒ籾ǿй֮Ѿﵽ˻֮еǵҹҵͼġ
ѾƷеˣҲǱƷǿԭ
ȻѾˣǾ͵ǿԼĻ壬˻֮ҲΪʹģҲΪؼһ֡ǿֱҶķգɵöʹ࣬ûǿ־޷ܹȥġ
ʹƷûʹ
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ǻҹһƷĻ壬оһɾҵĥ֮ʹ

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962 ɷҵ
ķգϵĴƷĻ塣
ļ˫ĥƷʹ
ǣܹ꣬ȥȻĻ꾳ٵõ
ȼգȼգ
ҵƺڳͷƷ֪ߣֲҵ𼸺ҪƷĻȼմ
ֻƷ־ᶨʹʹ֣Ҫҧأǿļš
ɼƷĻ弴ҪҵҲݲд֮ʱƷĻڴš
оı仯Ʒ־ԽӵļᶨƴҲҪס
ڷѣȻϣƷĻÿһ̶ǿţƷܵʹҲԽԽ١
ڣҵݲаĴƷѾȫµ֮塣Ȼ޵ģƷȴǸо˼ʵ廯
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ƷѰһĴѾɣɹﵽ˻֮
֮䣬Ʒ綼׵ȥƻеҵ
Ʒ粢޾ʹֹͣͨ˴ĵһľľ硣û취޻ĻȾͱ꣬ǻûоǧĻƷĻ꾳ȥˣҲȻ޷Ļ֮ԪҲʧȥһĹЧ
㣬˽ʱ䣬Ʒϣﵽ˻꾳ڡ
ˡƷһЦȫµĻҲȫ֮ͬĸоһ㡣
ڣƷҲ״˵еգۼԭˣŽ˻꾳Ʒȥ˴ʱ䣬˻֮أǲǵóɰǧ꣬꣬ʱռõʱɡ
ˣýһ׶εĳˡƷ˷ܵ˵
ϾԭƷ֮Ѿﵽλн֮˵ƷҲӦõ꾳һ׶β˵ùȥ
Ҳǳ棬Ʒľٽһ׶֮ʱԺбֳһ׶ε
˻һ磬ǵػ֮
ػ꣬Ϊ֮һʵ廯ƿصĻΪɷҵɷҵڵصİӵſֲķ֮ɷҵĿ֮ǿԴֵ̼Ļ
ʵһ˵Ļ壬ҲŻ֮˵ǻ𣬻ܵصĴ̼ʶҲֶݵͣһ̵ͣͬԿ˵ǼΪġ
Ȼʵģֱ嶼ɷҵķлΪޡ
ȻƷѾﵽλн֮Ѿ߱˳ػ֮ҲͨػһżȥĻʹõֻԭ֮ѣҲǷˡԽȥˣſʹÿµɷҵ
м֮Ʒٴȶס񣬼붨״̬ʼеĬĬš
ʼУȻǷǳѵġ
ػ꣬ǣƷԺѭ壬ʼȥ֮С
Ʒ֮ߣ߱ǿҲǿǰǿֻػżʱƷҲ㻨µʱ䡣
˿̵Ʒ磬ϥ˿翣ǰȴƺǧ֮⣬ѾƺѾΪһ塣
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Ʒ簵Ϊϲ֪ģƷѾ½ж
ܵȫ»֮ܵƷڵص׵ֹ
֪˶ãƷ羹Ǿ㵵ķ֣ǼᰵĵطȻҫһɫǹпĸоɢĿϢԾ룬ֱȥɫ𣬾һλҪ˲仯Ϊҽ
Ʒɫʱȴ˷ܵĳ˽ȥವһɫ档
ƷĻɫеʱ򣬱оһɿֲӿ룬壬һαҪʹĥڷĴݲƷĻ塣
꾳ÿһ׶εĽþʹĴǴ˵еɵҪζſĻΪһɵƷ˿̵޻Ҳĵĥĳɹ
ʱƷǿżȵʹ֮࣬ǰ˻֮ʱľ飬ƷľԽӵȶʹҲûгʼʱʹࡣ
ɫҲƷҪƿصĻɷҵɷҵҲ˵ǵػ𣬵ػȶȣǿɲǿЦģһһ˻֮ʱ˲ữ
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ڣʱĽţƷҲ֪ж೤ʱ䣬֮Ǻܾúܾá
˿̵Ʒ磬״̬ȶӴɷҵ𣬻иǿҵɫâƷѾɹ̤˵ػ֮еʹҲӦеȥˡ
ԼƷ͸ˣټȥĻҲ˵Σٻʵǿɵö̬
һźǣڵػ֮ĽƷĻǿ֮УѾȫȡԭе֮꣬Ҳ˵ƷѾȫе֮ˡ
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ȻǵˣƷһ׶εĳҲԶˣֻҪƵ˵ػڣټƷ籾ʵٶ֮ǰѪħƷҲа˲İջɱѪħ
ʱľҲǽ׵Ŀ֮ҪսͻƵģƷѾֹͣ˼ԻǿʼзеĽ
ȻȻд˿µȻҲٲǿĽ
ݵһ
ƷѾԳ𽣣䲻˵С飬ʣµʱǺúһͬɣ


963 ǰ
˻꽣˼壬ԪںΪһǿὣ
Ʒ翴⽣ʱ򣬲֪ԼǰĽν֮ʵ̫Сˡ֮УҲ֮Ʒν֮ɲ֪ǿжٱ
ÿһ׶ΣʽÿһΪԵ
ڣƷҪõı˻꽣
գƷҲȹ꣬Ѿȥ졣
ŵȥ磬ڸУɴ˹۹ء
壬ǡ
ǣ⵽˲صƻ
ıҲۼУҲһ߿ʼǡ
Ͼǿڳ֮ɭҲڰ۹ӽһУ彫Ϊһݵ㡣
Уۼʮ徫ӢսʿһŭɫޣֻҪʱٱڰ۹
ʱ峤峤ڴ֮УŶԺڰ۹չսԡ
ͻȻ
һλսʿ˽ڴ֮Уæˣˣ
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᲻ڰ۹ˣɺ˹ʵ
ӦòᣬҾûǹ۹Ͼ۹ҲгԹԪˣ۹Ҳװ˷ѩĻᡣص˫۽Щʲôˣгȥǡ

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ˡͻȻڸղǼλǰ֮ʱصѲһڰ۹ı߾Ѿй۹µİ׼һռݺڰ۹жɡ
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ϾڳǿǵоǰһͻƷߣڳǵıˡ
˿̳ڳٵģ㲻Ľڹ۹İʥʿżӪԻ˹ΪԪ˧
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ŵһƬҵĺɱУƺƵĹ۹ɱ˳ڳУֱɱ˳ڳǴȥ֮϶ǳƬġ
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˹һжϰ·еһλʥǿߣԻ˹ʥ۷弶ʵǰ·֣Ҳǻ˹Ķ֡
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·ĬͬһλʥǿߣΧɱ˻˹

һĽ֮죬˹·սһţڰ·ȼʥѪ֣֮˹Ҳû֮ǰǰɣǽסˡ
һߣλȼʥѪ֮ʥǿߣͬ˹սλʥǿ߾ͷ·磬¿մټ˺üλʥǿ֮һָǹˡ
˹Ҿλǿߣû뵽˱ɣ㲻ǹ۹һѣõôƴ𣿡·˷̵
˹ɱԽŨɭܺãҶὫʬΣȻѪȥι
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һ죬˹ֱӽĺâ˷飬ǿ˷Ҳ˹Щ
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Ƿ蹷·ŭһٶͳ˹
˹ɫһӲӲ˹ȥ
䣡
һľ죬˹·ָԱ𿪣һλ˹Եࡣ
ģһʵȻ紫еǿ·˿ڴŴأΪȼյʥѪѾˡ
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·ҧгݣӽͻȻ˼ҽУѭȥԭλʥǿͬѾɱˡ
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ǺǣΣҪ𣿡˹һЦ
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Ȼʱһ˵ĺȻؼ

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965 Ա
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ڣ徹ܴ³棬ƣƱҪ˳ڳǡ
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ߣΣֻһЩбܽѣǹ۹𣿡˹Ϊмһ
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ЦһûҪƳǣô𣿡·˵ЦܱĻ˹ֹǱߺˬ˵ڳǾǱƣҲ䵽Щ۹С繰͸壡
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ڳǺò״Ҳʧ˲ٵıǾ׳ȥĻҲʵ̫Կˡ
˹ɫһĳ쳽ʵҺܲ嵽ʲôϵΪҪ˰壿
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˹һеĳʤùһ˹ǹ۹̳ĻԺԲٲ飡
Ǿɣһؼ𣬰һĽԶ֮ɭȻһ޴Ӱ
գ֮ӰǾӰѾ˳ڳǵϿ֮

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966 ڳǹ
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ģ˹һоϢĹŹ֣ĲǿЦ
һֵͬ飬ȻҸϽа塣쳽̾һϴЦ⡣

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ڻ˹ӵ֮ʱȻԵ÷侲˵벻м
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۹һڳнʮǾһãȻԱȹ۹Ҫµƣǻʲôȥ
ȥЩֱ˴ϡ
Ǻǣһ֣Ȼͬ졣Ħ΢΢һЦ
ЦˣС¶ѡص
УǼһԲϳߵ
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ЩǾһŵ÷׷׶еڵأѾȫĳˡ
·˼ˣæڱǰҰ·˽Ʊء
ˡĴ˰·˵Ļ̧һֻ֣˵ĳԷŹЩ˵ĻӦΪȥᣡ
·һɫ԰ףһֻǿĴȴ˹
صһ
·ֱӱһĵ飬Ҳ̶á
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967 ϳ
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޾ţǿǿϣȥ֮ңѴ֮Ƴǣ˳ͶĳǾ֮⣬ʥǿƾߣͨͨɱ顣
ʧȥЩƾߣǹƱԲƣҲշǡ
ȻҲɱ޹ֻҪɱЩƾ߱㹻ˣʣµЩǾΨʵʵĳˡ
һ·ϣ޾񣬼ŵЭǸȡ֮ЩƾߣͶĻᶼûУֻҪһǣֱɱ
ǣҲǿӽںڰ۹۶һǣ˳ǵıཫ㣬ڰΪ˷ַֹǾڰѾϣʮʥǿ߰λ
һλв׵ӣӵʥڼʵ˵ⲼĺԼΪһЩʧԶɱ
ѾٽҳǣһλǱҴҵĳ˴
ߣ޾Ҳʵ̫ˣصһΣֱӳܲס˲飬ҾͲкͨͣһǣ
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ôƷѵˣһϷߣϷҲǳԪϼʵҲﵽʥڡ
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Щ׺ݺݵսȭͷʵЩ᲻֪ԳڳǹƣҲһһƣǿߣһɱݴϢпкüλʵµİǿߣȻţϢҲ̫Զ
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һ˻֮Яһ죬ֱڻ

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ûһܳģ˹ظŭÿҪͷˣѵô˾ûһܳ𣿡
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˹ش˦˦䣬ضŲӣʱǣʱ̾ĿһλߵϣʵŷʲôƲ𣿡
ŷҲǺڰ͢еĴϣֻϧ߱ʵҲﵽʥ۷塣
ŷҡͷ̾ǽܴ͢طҲ޷ʵʩˣоʵʵ̫ǿˣˡϷΪоɱ۶ĻǺڰ͢Ҳƴά
Ǻǣˡ˹شڨڨһЦⲻû˵𣿲ͷ̾ѵҪҺڰ۹𣿡

һͻȻ
˭
˶Ȼһ±㾯
˵ףҲǼڰ۹ǿߵʮλʥǿߣȻϢĴ롣
ţǿĺڰϢӿ˴֮У˲ɫ䣬زѣƾ⼸ǿƣԶԸеˡ
ŷüͷһ壬Ϣƺʲôѣ֪Ⲣڵˡ
ģ֮Уɹĺɫ˴֮У˵ֽ
ţǺɫ֮Уٶֳλˡ
⼸λˣŹĺĿȫ֮壬ɢϢȴǿ죬ϢϮԵɭ䲻ѣ˴
ǿԵǿ
Ϣȫ˵Ķֻ֡˾ȵǣڰ۹֮УʱȳԽʥ򼶵ǿߣһλ
⡭ŷΪԾĵɴ˫ۣƺ²⵽ʲôɫ˼ּ֮ɫ
˹ش֪˵ľѰ֮ԼվǵĲԶ֮ĸоǹ˾а
̣˹ش۱㼫Ϊʵλǣ
аʹ
һλɭɭĻصа
аʹ
һ㶣˹شֻ¶
ŷȺڰ֮͢ͲŰľаʹ
һ£ŷڵںҵȼλʹˡ
ߣǿ涪˺ڰ͢Ȼݼǡм䴦λ˼Ϊмߵ
ǡǣǶǷݼλʹˡŷȻ˱΢Ӧ
˾䣬Ȼλ˿ڰ͢ηǿߣ˭ҳǲ
˹شҲǱһĻƺ뵽ʲôĺԭλʹˣ
Ƿа֮ǰЭǺڰ۹һΣм䴦λ䵭Ļص
а񣡡
һξϢ
аǿǧǰƴ½˵ħ֮󣬲䣬ڰ͢ɰаȫ֡
Ϣʵ̫ˣô˵Ļа䡣ʹֻʹ˵ֱǺڰ۹ľǡ
м䴦ǺķԸۣȺڰ۹Ļ͸һ֮ҵһǧдħӤŮʱô
һǧ˹شһ㶣һ֮ɫ
˵ˣܱܲסڰ۹ǾͿǵжˡ֮ٴǰûеĻǾݹǷڰ۹ˡǺһ˱ٶȻʧڴ֮С
ߺ˲ŽѰ˿Ͼǹаѹʵ̫ˡ
ǻŸʲôϽȥң˹ش۱ŭ
£֮У˱һɢ
˹شЦѣߵҪҺڰ۹ô𣿡


969 ռ
գڰ۹һʱҵһǧӤڹҲһĴۡ
˿̣ڻʹ㳡֮УӤ֮ÿӤϣֵͼɢڹ㳡֮У۴ޡ
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аʹ
ּ̳λ˾ǻĽЩӤ̵ĲȥЩӤƤ⣬һӤѪܵȥȻֱӽǹļ̳С
˿þֲѣһ̵ǣҲ̵һĻŵֱ
λˣɱӤȻ治ɫĬƬʹ˲һɿµаа۶
а֮£޵鴦ŵǴ̱ǵѪζаϢĲ
λڼ̳ܣ૵ĬɭеаԽԽʢаĴ̼֮£˾ǸоƺйǿѪʵڷٵš
ҡô˳Ծѣоڰ֮ĲϹǿ
ͻ䣬˵ʵڷٵЩĿ־֮УĻ뼤
ŷ㵲ѣʧڤа󣡡
ڤаǺڰ͢ʧõĿħԴħѪΪʩչаطſɲڤаڤа֮£Ǿħ֮ˣḳʮսӵһ㼸塣
ڣ۶ȫѪ֮УһƬ˼˶ڽſֲ䡣
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һ£λ˹شǵǰɭɭ˵ʱڤаУǿǵʵӵǿЧɳʮ죬ʱѾɱ˵۶ʱټа˵İаԸЩ˲⡣øǵǣڤаһǶһľѪΪа˵ĲǷģилرټȥһ뾫Ѫ֮ǻǻ輫Ǳǵʵ
û⣡ֻҪܹɱ˵о˹شۺҲǼ֣ѱʵͷԡ
͹ˡǼλɭзаЦݡ

𸮣ʱռС
ƷȻڽſޣϾԵĵʵҺܱܿѪħҪѶԸƷӵоԵİȥȡʤ
ʱռУֹȥˡ
Ʒ綼ʱռпŻеĽЩɲñ죬ҪҪʱſ⽣
⽣ĵԪ٣ʱ֮ʱƷ綼ᾲ޻ָĵԪͬʱ䣬ƷҲڴռд洢ԪҪʱмõġ
ԵǷζġ
ʱƷǱʶƺооԼжƺ˸һ㣬Լһиоڰʶߡ
ƷֻҪԼﵽԭ˵ʵеյ׾Իˡ
ʱռƷʵÿһ̶ǿš
ڣƷѾȶԪ֮꾳Ҳȶ˵ػ֮ʱܻõͻơ˻꽣ҲԽĴ죬ǵػһʽҲǿʹãĴ۱Ƚء
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Ϊһֵֺĸо־ʹƷȥһšָоǳ֣ڤڤ֮кһжѱ˰һ㡣
ʲôأƷĴǽţǽϾȻûɢǿϢƺԺɵĿŰ㣬ҲԪתռбȻϵġ
ˡ
ųĿҲ˵Ʒƿġ
һ߽ȥһխСĿռ䣬۵ĿͨһռĽšխСĿռ棬оκεϢ
ͻȻһİϢǿӿƷԺ֮С
Ʒɫһ£ٶ¶ϲЦݣƺһѾǱһ㡣ò˵ԭ˵ԤǳǿΪһռ䣬ƷҪĿռ䡣
漴Ʒϥı˫ۡ
һ̣Ʒ羹һ޾ĿռУռûκεơ
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ƷĲԶֳ֮һӰͬݣ˫ֳۣ𽣣ˡ
ûҲǡƷ硱ֻƷľ
˴Ǿռ䣬ʶ֮󣬱ʵʵĲһսռ䡣ߵ񣬾ʵ屶Ϊ߿ɴٱһ㣬񲻻ṥߵκεļܣֻǿ࣬ʹõκﶼǹȵġ
ռ䣬һѵ뻹ҪԼǿľսſɼǱܣս
屶𡣡Ʒ˷ܣǰԼһһԼƷܸоЩ졣
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ⲻ֪ǾǹޱȣƷľ֮УƷһ佣ӭƷն˹ȥ
Ʒ亹һҷӦÿ죬һˣ͵Ľǿ񾢵Ϯ˶
˻һʽԷ
Ʒ籬һ֣˲ٻһǿĽһɽɵľ޴ʵʵĽƷ档
䣡
ǿĽâڽУƬռ𵴣񱩵ĽŰ
Ʒ籶ϲ˻꽣һʽԷȻ屶ɵסǺų˻꽣ǿķ
ǾƺûлƷ磬еΪķŭ͵ǰеĳһľ޴ɫâϮƷ硣
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ƷһݺݵǾеУԾԵĽֱӽ˳ȥ
˻ʽƽնڶֹǿὣʽ£屶ֵסƽնĹ

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֮ǰһУôа˭ҲðȻ۶
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¿֮Ҳһ֮ɫƺͻȻֵλЩӡ
£㳯ų¥λʵʼλǺˣΪҪڰ۹
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˵аʹǵаλǿߣʵ£һӵһµа֣֮λҲ˵Ķ֡˵аʹǧսʱѾˣû뵽ھȻصĻص
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аʹϳɻ
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ȻаʹڣȻаҲûص˵ΪԭǺڰ۹ˣа֮Ҳ˽⡣
а񣡡
ϳǾ㶵ģֵĳƺǶ


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а֮󣬱ааһλǿĽʿѾﵽ˰н׵ʵκһ˶Ҫǿ
аħ˵һսʿӵǿĺڰ֮κε֮Уаħǿģɱһǿȡ
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ô죿
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˿̣еŭǿҪ緢Ļɽһ㣬ŭ˹أ㻹ǸۣȻԺͯΪҪЮֱ磡㻹ʲôۣҷǺӣһ£
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˵󻰣־ͽ˹شһͻȻֳһѷذףݺݵеǿֱϻһѪڡ
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ÿеԴʧȥɺմ֮󣬱һֱʹĥԼȻһӣŭٱ侲
һԾǽǣǧ򲻿мơѵ
ҵĺأô𣿡
ҡҡͷתϿմаˣȭֱɵоǾģżλȥаʹʵɣ


972 Ծ
аȵüɫ΢壬ɫ¶Цݣλ˱ɱ֮ġ
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ٺ٣аʹǵĶֿǡϳһЦ
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λҪСģ⼸˵ʵܲ򵥡ѵĿסаȣо˵ʵλʹǿġ
˹شΨվһߣֻսǰǿߵսʹǵʵǿˣҲ޷֡
ǿҪˡаһЦͻȻһȰӰǹ˲ӵ֮Уһ㳯˵ϼ˹ȥ
Сģ
һĿסаȣһٵӭȥ

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аһЦǺǣ˼ԭҲһڰħʦֻʵ̫ˡ
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аȴ磬⼸һʵô𣿾Ȼ˷ġаЦ
⣬аѾԸˣصý⼸˽ˣƷǼһƳа
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ɭᰴһ͵ӿһӴĺâιʧֱӽеаˣ˲˽ȥ
а˴󾪣оһɼΪǿȻǸС
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аһаΪƣа˳˵˹ȥ
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аɫ䣬ڵĺڰ֮ӿгӭǿĽâݺݵӭ˹ȥ
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һ죬ռ𵴣ǿаȾ΢·磬΢΢һ£Ǳ˻ȥ

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аħаǽսǿߣ˵ĺϽУȻ޷ơ
ǿĽаһ߿ð˵ĳʽδţ½֮УֽѾ϶⼶ˡ
ˣԹǿΪĦΪϣһһǶһ㣬ûȷĹɣ
аħаȻսܹʤκһˣ˵ļлԻƣѾƿ˺ü˺ۡ

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аҪˣֶΣѪħаѪħûʲô


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ѪħһǾУ˵аҲѪħ壬ԴǵѪħνа⹦ҪˡһЦ
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976 Сǿһ
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ɺ˹񱩵һȭʮλоȥֲĽЩо飬һ˿ҽеĻᶼûУһѪӺҵء
ֲ̫ˣ
ûʥǿߵЭЩڰо̫ҲǱɺ˹Ķ֡
磡ǿĴۣҶЩС˵һΪ˸ֻɺ˹ĺߵЩڰоΨʹޣʹֻΪɺ˹ŭɱ¾֮ġ
ݣݣ
ƬĽâ˺Ƶĵо
ŵӵĹƣϬޱȡЩײūѾͬˣڵǣһ͵սʿµսʿ
رǰԱǾ͸ӿˡɭµԱң밵нͬʱʩչо˺ǣǸɱƬײ
ԱǾǸһ̬һǶһ㣬ƾŽղ֮͵˽˵о˸еëȻĽڰоѪҺ
ɱɱˣɱǣ˹ش۷Ѫ˿ѾĵˣֻǺܲĺڰ۹Ҫˡ
ʵ˹ش۷ǳڣ˺ڰ͢ȥŭ壬⻻Ĵʵ̫ˣҲ޷ˡ
ڣаܹƷ磬ڰ۹Ҳ˶㣬Ѿ޷ٻָǿʢˡ
һǿĵ۹ӽ֮ҲҪ½гȥˡ
쳽ǵսʤѾˣǵоʮλʥǿ֣űǿڣ޵С
飡
һȭһλʥǿ߸
ͻȻ
ݵһ
һĽͻأϮѾڰˣűϮڤаǿõ׵ŷ
ۼһϮȥƺûвݷѾõŷԽӵţ缫ͦűǿıر˹ȥ

ŷһѾõһѾȥˡ
͵ģͻȻһתŭһţһѾС˺ܾˣû뵽㾹ȻԹ

ŷһѾû취ˣҧļ˹ȥ
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ŷ۾֣û뵽ʵ˵Ŀ¡Ҳû취ŷ֮ҲģҲǱλվ֮Ķ֡
ȥˣһֱڳһȭǾеŷһȭػ˹ȥ
һ
ŷҽһǾ޴ȭͷֱӽŷӸˣʺɫѪҺ罦ŷ͵Ϯδɣֱӱһȭɱ
ŷɱЩڷܶеĺڰ͢һҡ
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飡飡
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䣡䣡
һһĹа񶼲֪ƷĹ˶ٴΡ
аŭǣ֪ƷʹʲôƣȻÿһζ޷˵Ʒ硣ΪĽаڵħļ
ƷڴռѾ˲ٵҪ˵ȺĻƷ绹мƵġ˸ɴʱռֿԻָˣȻִ򷨺ƣҲĥаսɲߡ
쵰СӾֻ𣡡аŭе
ҶôţƷ粻мӦ
Ǳɣ͵ʵ̫Զˣа
ߣ㻹񣬱ΪҲ֪ǱɵļһΪǵı޳ֻܶĻɱңƾʵҪɱҺѡƷ糰
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аһ£Ҳ̫ûӦ׼ˣû뵽ƷͻȻֳˣҲоһǿ
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ǿǿһɫʲһ⼷˿֮ռֱӱ飬ֲľ޾ĵµķ֮˵ϱȥ

Ʒаͬʱһ𣬽Ȼоǿ˭Ҳ˭ڵϵעڽУâʢ
ϣӦаҪǿģƷƽʽʵΪǿᣬǿǿȻа񽩳в¡
Сӣ֣͵ϮһξȻˣǾͱˣаһͻȻӿһɸΪǿаħעС
ƷǸоа񽣵ħǿƷȴǲ壬Ϸ˵Цҵ𰵰С
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ߣ֪֪ʲôѰ·аһŭĳŽ˹ȥ
ʱǿٶȳһʱ
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һװը죬ռ͵һĿռǱɿµγпռ

а񷢿Žݺݵı˹ȥ
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Ƿ֮Уһɼ۵Ļҹ˳Ƿ֮˹а񻹲ΪȻҹӿ֮ʱͻȻһ㣬ڵѪҺҲǱһȼһ㣬ޱȣһĪʹа塣
ʲôа񾪺һ
ǺǣҪĶƷһЦе͵һ𣬺ݺݵķ˹ȥ
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пռıը˿֮Ŀռ˲仯Ϊĩ񱩵ŰаѪʹ˳ȥûڿռ֮С
ƷɲⱩĿռӲһֽ߳ӭռŰһ߼ٵˡ
þãһƽϢ֮ʱƷԭֳֽޱȡƷһںϻĹû뵽֮
ûƷͻȻһа˵ĻѪǽ˲ǣƷ绹ǸоռȻӴа
ߣ
һƷǰԶ۳һѪɫšǹڶĵڶţȻ˿ٴֳаӰ
˿̵аԵüΪǱʹڸղƷһУҲ˲ơѾƷܾ׼ȷ˵аһӦشǣôڻֻ˶ѡ
ߣСӣһñˣû뵽㾹Ȼʵ깥λǿ߲ſӵеǿаߵȴԵüΪ𺧡
ҲҺ𾪣û뵽Ȼ˺󡣡Ʒ絭Ļصа֮ɫаȷʵǲöԸ
ǱطѪ֮ҲɱģΪҿʹΣҲʹһΡаɫĻص
ģҲеʱ䣬ġƷ粻мһˣֺ𽣣Ԫӿֳҫ۵İ׹⡣
ߣǾͿ˭˭аһֻ񽣳ɱ˹ȥ
ƷҲʹþԷΪݰаĥ
аˣ۱ͻеСӣУ
ôãôأƷӦ
ɣаȴֵóȥܲƷаɡ
䣡䣡
ƶֲòսѪгš
ʱ֮ڰоѾɱԽԽ٣̶ʮӵʱ䣬ڰо㱻Ƶ˻ʹУҲֻʣ½ʮˡ
ʹ֮УŴ˾䣬຦֮綼Ѿð·ˣעĺڰ۹ǸҪΪˡ
Ͽ֮аȶ˵ļҲǿβˡ
˿̣ааħ˺ۣһ˶ӲλĹȷʵǼΪѡرаȣѾͬǿˣټϻаĦٴи£ͬ죬аȸӦӲϾ
ݣ
һֺݺݵаȵǰһӡ

аʹһܵ˳ȥȻڤаǿ޸֮ĦͣĹ޸֮Ҳ˶ˣڵħĵԽԽء
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ث֣
а˳ӭš
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һ֮죬ĦϵԽԽĬеĹ滨һ㣬κһ˿϶ҵĹаȡ
аӭԽʹ࣬ÿһ϶Ҫˣʹܹ޸ʹĥѾҪ־ˡ
һߣаħ͸Ϊʹˡ
ϳڼнõĥսϣаħ֮ͬɼаħӦӵжʹࡣ
ݣݣ
齣ŰаħѾòϹ˺ۣȫѪܣǱڤаǶѾǷˡ
аħҲˣ۷죬ų

ϳͬʱһͷ˾ǹڿнӰϵȥȻ͵һͬʱаħǰ
ݣݣ
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䣡
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ǺǣȻܹ˵ϳȤЦ
ߣɱܺãаȵɫޱȵϵаӿ֮ǰҪӵǿʢ
ҿ㻹ǹԹɣǿԸʹ죡ϳ
ôûţаһаţħųһΪѪӡ
Сģһ׼ҪȼѪˡѵо˴˿аȵڿֲǣѾԶԶ
ҲҪǣаЦһѪɫ⣬ǵ㼱˹ȥȼ˾Ѫ֮󣬾аȵ֮ǰࡣ
аҲɵӣ˲סĳʵĶϳĴ˹ȥ˶ϳǰ
ˣаһһŶϳϺն˹ȥޱȣȼѪ֮İнǿߣǶϳܹӦ
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ϳҲǱһɫĵɴ˫ۣұܵӦ񣬼ʱӦִټӭһĵǰ
һ
һǿķֱ֮ӱӿ˶ϳϳԲУ𣬿Ѫаȸһݺ˳ȥ

ϳʹһѾ䵽Զɫ岻ѣղаһʵ̫ˣҪǷӦÿ죬ɾĶ
ûаҲǾȲѣӶһ£ֶݺݵļɱ˶ϳ
ڵаȣѾѡȼѪζаҲڲԶˡˣаȾҲҪϼ汳ԲŻִȥɱϳ
ݣ
аȵĽʵ̫ˣĦҲƴĸȥһ߸ŭ
ϳ֪аһĺݾԼǶ֣Ҳ侲Ʒϰš
аݣһӾ˶ϳ켣תӵ˶ϳĽһЦǺǣֻҪ¶Ҫɱ㣬ôҲӲˣ
ݣ
аֱһ˹ȥ죬ûʮۻҵĽӰĽѾס˶ϳ
аʹڽУаȿӵкܸߵ衣
ϳŭţȫƾıƴӭţȴǱƵˣ֮䣬ѾһʹѪڡ
аɫֱǷҰޣһһͣϮȥѾ콫ϳƵ˾·

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ҲԭΪרְɱһҪرߣټϰƷϰǾ͸ʤһˣаȱҲǲֶá
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ŭİĦλϣûҲļ˹ȥǲ޵һ㣬ѾʵİΧסаȡ
룡
аŭһеĳһֲаֱɨ˰Ħǡ
飡飡
ĦǽȻаһǿĽһ󣬾ǱЩаͬܣӲλǿߵϹƣҲǱѪڣȼյľѪŵԽԽ졣
ݣ
ͻȻһаƺˣ˻µĴڡ
аɫ㵣ողŷӦ⼫һѾĴԼĸС
ְˡҡͷһеĳݺݵĻһƬѪֱӽһѪ˳

аʹһʹĵ˳ȥѪֹŭ
ǺǣȼѪѾ˶˰ɡһЦоаڵаڲϵš
ߣղǱʣҵúúøϳһŭָаȡ
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Ȼʱ
𣡡
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ˣ
аһٶϲ
ûľӰԭƷĺû뵽شڤаѾָơ
ıҲһ
ˣаЦ
ˣҲˣһѾõĳֱӴаȵؿйᴩ񱩵ĽаȵŰ˿

аȾʹĲҽһŰĦֳԲһֱȺɱԻ𹥻
飡
һ죬аֱӱը˿ΪһƬѪꡣ
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ڽԾò׾Ϳɱڰоˣû뵽Ȼˡ
룬ǾǿߵʵʹǲöԸ
ˣǺˣ˹شɫԭɫϣ֮⣬ȻԽݣںΪˡ
˿̣ĳϣţսʱһ
˹ȽЩһȥλϡĳűɺ˹쳽һǿ˵
ĸԸЩһﻹǴ´ġɺ˹Ӧ
ûͽˡ쳽ŵ
΢΢ͷವһϿգǲŶǣһ֮ɡ
ãһﲢôöԸǿǧҪСġص˵Ȼϱλǿߣλܴǿ˵Щ·硣
ߣһﻹͦλġ
ŭ⣬ͳЩһҾԲĹǣ
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Сģ
һ
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ǿϳգôҲֶʵȻġ
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߽ףʵҲ

ĳ˷Χס˺ȻҫŵĽ⡣
ȫȻ壬ȻҪҾͳȫǣ
͵ģ˫һչһɿֲӿ˿ȥ
˾ѣû뵽ǿᣬڿһ⡣ҲǺʾֵ
󣡳һȭŭһ޴ӾĴϮǿ͵ĳ˹ȥֱ˺ǰһȭźͷϱ˹ȥ
ŭһűһֱӱһɺţ̺һǿħȥ
䣡
һȭֱӴǺУоһɿֲħϮ޾ɫһʮ˹ȥ
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֮УǺŸ˳ȥ
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һѾõλϣֽ˹ȥźǾϸλݺݵȫ˹ȥ

һ޴͵һ̼ӿһɿֲĺڲˡ
λϻδӽӣ㱻Ǻڲ˸赲סˣʹȫȻ޷ٵݽһ֡
Ϸ湻˰ɣһ˫һ裬ڵħٴӿںڲ֮Уֲħӭλϱ˹ȥ
飡
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ˣ͵ĳڿգںľ֮ϣ֮ݺݵĳ˫ص̤˺ϡ
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𣡡
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ҲˣȭΪצһӲһץ˺֮УȻĿ۽ħĳϮ
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ѪֱӳħĳϮȷʵôܡҲ֣ŭĻӳһȭһȭź
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ȻǿᣬǿɶǾа֮ҵĹҲҪܵһʹ࣬ҶԺħͷҲǲһӰ졣
ʹ죡
ЦһкѪĻһȭһȭÿһȭźϵͬһطʮȭȥϾҿһɫѪϵ
ŭѣȻЩסˣǶʢʱڵĻôڰԿϾƷشмӰġ
飡飡
һȭһȭĺƺûһֵͣ˼λ˽ƻܿӲĻᣬϵĻӻĽâ
ҲҪƷˣ˫һգ͵ĳ¿յ۶еķݺݵ׹ȥ
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˾һƬȺһɢ
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ʱѳû룬Ͽա
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ಣ
ͣӴħЯſ񾢵磬
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ʹһͷֱӱһƬѪ޴ӣǵء
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ҲǴڴԺ֮Уź̸ЦţƷĵڶҲػԼ뺢ߡ
Ʒ磡벻ɣǾȻᷢطħЦţĮע¿մС˵治˼ǲģܿϧΪƷǼһŭңջϢɡ
ɣħ̧һ֣ѹһǿħ
𣬾ʹ￪ʼɡħһǿµħֱǺ˵Сȥ
ţǿֲħ⣬ԭСС
ȻħС֮ʱһӴİ׹ϾȻ֣ǹħ֮ǰ
䣡
һ죬ǿħǽϸѿˣХĳ֮ȴֱӱСУӿĿ羢ˣӿСС
СЩˣûӦһɿֲĺڲϮݾԺ䵹ǧȺֱӱǺڲ˸ȫû

һƬƬĲҽǧֱӱɱ

һԺУƷĵڶͻȻŭһ
£Ʒĵڶ֮ǿгһɷֱ֣ӽԺܴһ𶯣Ƭ
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ৣ
һӰ֣뷲ˡ˹ֱӳ˳ǱֲĲסˡ
Ϲ֮󣬱㿴ƷĵڶѾڴԺܳһ֣ڷ֮⣬ҰһƬģ
˵ԺЩѾˡ
˭򷢷ŭʹ಻ѣö˶˵Сôˣ˫һӱ㷺Ѫ˿
Сˮĸ۵ĴԺ˲һƬʹŭ֮С
չȥȴǼǷֵϿ֮һĺӰޱ飬עԺ
TMDӸһƴˣԭ뿨ŭѣСĻȥѾʧȥԭеǣ˹һˣҲǷ׷׵ĳɱˡ
ѩ˿Ʒĸ׷ưȣǾֲѣ˵ﻹճõĺӡ
͵ģƷĵڶȴתͷĽкȵܵߣߣ
Ʒ磡һԭŭѡ
ٷϻߣƷֱӺƺѾɥʧǡ
ԭһȻֻƷĵڶ壬Ʒ羹˷ĺԼȻ֪̬ˡ
ڣǳ嶯ʱ
ƷһҲŭʧȥǵ˾˹
ɫһʵսȭͷǱǣ
ԭҲٳɣ뿨˻ſǣԭõܵѸٵȥ
һ߱Ӥһ߻ͷƷıӰȻֻƷĵڶ壬ȴǸеʹ
Ʒ磬İɣҲԲǵĺܵκε˺Ȱķģ˻æܵȥ
Ʒ硭ѩ˿ͷɫʹ࣬ҲԵʱˮܵķӴܶȥ
ԭ뿨ǣѪЩˣֻڻſǳ룬̲ݻ
ಣಣ
˹ȴƷߣŭϿմǵӰС
ǰɫضַŭʱԽпħ״̬
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ΣƷѪУ޷תСһΣƷҲҪÿƽ롣
û뵽ﻹв󣬾ǿߣƷ绹ͦСĵ𡣡ħһЦȴǲΪȻ
ಣಣ
Ʒķֱӳȥ˹Ӷϣħ졣
ħһƷĵڶ壬ֱӱһɫ㵽еƷ磡ô㣿⡭ôܣ
ԣħƷʵǳ˼ɣǣƷô˹ĴС򣬼ֱȫϳ
Ʒŭѣһ¿մƵС򣬴ѾٺˣǲҲһϢˡ
ħ죡ⱰɵСˣȻЩ˶ŹҶὫʬΣƷŭ˫۷죬һӱħɱôˣƷܲʹࣿܲŭ
ΣֻҪ⣬ҰɱپͶ٣ħ첻мص۽Ʒĵڶ壬ħ죬оǰƷ⣬ƺԼ޶в
ƷñŭѣڻħֱӲһǵڶʵãҪʱÿǰȻ룬ʹŭ죬ƷҲñ侲
ǿŭƷħ죡ѵͲ𣿡
ǰ£ڲ¡ħͷʵУң㲻ںڰ۹аô
аѱɱȻҲԲŹ㣡Ʒŭ˫ȭһɱ˵ӡ
ٸһϻɱ˵ŭֱŭһħʵֱ֮
˹ҲǺ޾ɫֱӳŭħ졣
ħ֮壡ħһ㵣û뵽ͻȻðһħ֮壬ԭĵСħ죬ڼƷĪ뷲λħ֮ʱħоЩ˼
ƷŭϵĸԼ侲Բܹ嶯ֻҪ΢һЩǾͻΣա
ԣƷûж֣ŭħ죬ǿƹͷţϣܹħ졣
ħƷ磬оԽǹŹ֣룺ܵģƷںڰ۹˭
һУʵ̫ˡ
죡죡һҪ죡Ʒ缱ȵţ˹Ʒûж֣Ҳûûг֣ȻҲΪʱ˳롣
գԽӵĹŹ֡
˵ħɱСôˣƷӦǱŭҪɱԼǣΪγٳδ֡ħ첻ɵӣɲôױŪȥ
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ħһƷɫһ
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ߣħ죡ΪҲɱ㣡ƷߵսⰻȻ϶ñǶá
Ʒ磡ȻҲΪλаҲǸ˲ٵĴۣʵ㣡ħһЦϱһǿħˣħ죬ӴħסƬռ䡣
˹һħͷųħѹѾܲˣ˵ȥƷֶԸħ졣
˿̣ҲƷΪλˣԭħʵ˵ĿֲԲѰǿߡ
Ʒɫأϴһħ첻ǼŴﵽ񼶵ʵħڲ£Ѿﵽ񼶸߽׵ʵ̶̵֪ʱħʵ˿£ʹʲôˡ
ڣСӶ֮ǲǺԶоǿħ˵ĸ᳤볤ϣȻС
ʱƷħıѹѾЩܲסƷڶʵ˵ǿĻͽֻǿλ׵ʵ
ħˣ΢һ£漴ϱ㷺ЦǺǣȻ⣬ô鷳ˣվͽ㣡Ʒ磡
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ħһ־סˣȻĽ㡭㲻Ʒ磡
ƷҲ֪סˣŵʵɣֻҵķѣҵаţҿԸ㣡ҳȥаұضὫʬΣ

ħɫֻƷķ˵ʵƷʵִﵽ˶ֲľ磬𶼲˾ľ塣
˶٣ħݵ˵ķҲãվȻˣǾͻķ
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һ֮УˢˢĳһɫӰӶĻ᳤˹᳤˻᳤볤ϼ
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᳤ǣսʿĻ᳤ǲʵ
ħĵħ졣ƷĻص
ʲôħ죡˾Ʒȼ˵ʲôڻ˹Щʥǿ˵ǾԶ޷ƥеǿߴڡ
ԭЩ飬𣡡ħЦֻʥǿ߶ѣٶħ춼ȫûӰ졣
λ᳤ϣ޹أǿЩ뿪Ʒ֣صѵѾǹ鷳ˣǹ˵ĺʵɾʧˡ
ǿųĵ̣Ӳܣ˹û뵽˹Ǿ˵ļʹǿĵ֣Ȼû֮⡣
ˣȻˣǾͰɣħЦ˫˳һǿħ羪˰ĹӭƷǺ˹ȥ

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ƷڶʵҲֻʹ˻һʽˡ
̣֮£Ʒ˲һǿķֱӵ͵ħ
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ǿħƷķУ޴ĳ֮Ƿӿ˿ֲľˣֱӽ˹Щ˸˳ȥ
ɫ󾪣ǿߵЩνʥǿҲǱ˵СȻֵס˲˽ʮ
ʵѴ񣬽֮ϺãҲǱ˳֮Զ
ħһȥ޷ƿƷľԷ
ʲôôôǿħ쾪ƷĽԽԽ죬ǿ
ߣɱҷ壡ô𣿡ƷߵʵҲֻǿиɶѣԷԵڶ֧Ŷá
ҿ治СˡħһЦɫһڵħٶȷֲħɢա
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ƷɫأħʵȻеĻҪǿдģһʵôͻȻôǿУҾҪ뿪һҪȵҵ
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һĺǿҵĺڹ֮УֳһӴӰǻħħ졣Ϊ֮ħ죬ʵѾֱӴﵽλס
λףɱе˰ɡ
ƷھԷУȻ󣬻֮ħ죬ʵȷʵλ֮ԾԷħһֵˡ
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ƷԥĳŷǱһħʵƷʵͻס
ǻԥƷִеߣֻҵķ壡ǻҲν
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벻лῴƷӣħһЦ޴ӣ͵ĳƷķг˹ȥ
ƷɫһеԪҲעڽУ׼ӭħĹ𽣻ڵĻãͨʥͲܷӳԷ
䣡
ǿҵĺɫħ죬ݺݵײƷľԷϣһޱȾ죬Ϊ֮һƷľԷֱƻ١

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ԭ֣ߣԭǰкȣȻʹ࣬ܵѾҪˣʱ䣬˶ܻ
ҲߣҪȰȣԭĽţʹ絶ʧȥֿʹһѼ⵶ݺݵĴؿڡ
֪ʱˣȷһûµģеһ߳ԭ
ԭ˫һգʹ಻ѣ˫۱ÿնǻеһ㣬ʹ࣬ſȥ
Ҳʹ಻ѣΪ˱ӣֻܴʹȥ


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Է
ƷһֻܼʹþԷֵħĹˡ
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ǿĺɫֱӳƷķ͵ľݺݵƷĵڶ塣

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˹ŭƷǰ
ϣҹħŭһֱӿһӿȥռ䶼ǲ˰Ť
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˹оһǴ˸ְһ㣬ǿķ֮μһɿµľ壬˹ֱӿѪӿе·ء
͵ǰʹǿĿħ֮壬Ҳ޷ȥһɹ𵴶ĳҵĲţѪ
ȴǺη壬Ϊ˻סƷΪȡǵ룬˼ʹƴҲħóѣʵô
ħ֮壬ⲻǴҪģȻ㲻Ҿ˳ˡħհЦЦ޴͵ĳ
ɣ
ŭһ˫۳죬˫ۣҫǿҵѪ⣬ȻҪֱȥӲħĳ
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ʵֻǰ֮ѣǳıѹ֮£Ѫڣ챻һ㣬ʹ֡
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ⲻ֪֮УȴǷƶһǿķ֮ſһѪһˣȫħĶ֡
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һ죬ƷһݺݵնħľצϣǿǿʹǽһʥһǿޱȡټǴ̼ħĻ𹥻ħ쾪ֵ˳ȥ
ƷͬܣħһӲ֮УڶǷˣڵԪѾĴƲأѾսˡ
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ǺǣⲢҵ壬ǻ˻ޣɲܾôװ׶ƷҡͷһЦڷ˿һƬġ
ҡ˺޺޵սȭͷһʹԼӣǰⲢƷ壬˱»ǲƷ硣
ʱһгߣߵ𣿡
Ӱ٣ħǾ޴ӰƷ뷲˵ǰ޴ɭӣסƷǡ
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֪ͺãҷ㣬µһٱͺúħҵıɣƷĿ˵Ѿ׼ʹ÷Ա֮ˣҲܶħһӰ졣
ϧȲǻᡣħһǿħڰ٣ֲħѾΧסƷǡ
Сһ취ȥڰ۹ķߣΪʲôˣΪƷʶˡ
΢΢ͷȻʣҲȥΥƷ˼ʱߵ׼
ȻֻķһҲˣħЦβ𣬳ǿħһ޴ӣſƻ֮ľβƷ뷲˵ĺɨ˹
һβȥռ価ѣֲڷ䣬ԭƻѺ÷ߵƷ磬û뵽β¾ǿƷԼǾѹˡ

Ʒ羪һԵķ˸ɫ԰ס
βҪˡ
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ħһβѾɨȥ
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ʱһǿҵĽͻȻƷǰҫһϵĽɫӰƷǰ˾ֱӺ˫Ǻɨľβȥ
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ԭҪȥںڰ۹аභƷ磬ȴ֪;˱ʣŸϽϻСû뵽ǿ⾪յһĻԥĳ
Ʒ磬û°ɡͷʵ
ôˡƷص֣̤ʵࡣ
ɫصһʵǿ˼ħ죬ٻͷشƷ磬Ϊ󣬼ʣƷ磬㲻ںڰ۹ô㣿
磬ҵķҵ廹ڱаСߣû뵽һﾹȻ˱ɣСЩº֣Ʒŭħ졣
ҾԲ׵ķŹһ˫ȭ
Ǻǣ֣Ϊͻ˾˲񣬱㻹Զˡħ첻мһЦоʵѾͻƵ񾳣ĻҲͽλ߽׵ʵѣħλ֮ǲ̫Զˡ
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ҫǿѹֱӻ˱壬һ˸Žľħնš
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뿪Ҿ͹ˣͷ
鷳֧ŻһڣƷ
ڣҲ̫Сħˣħһ͵ӿһӴħٴνƷǸ˲û˽ȥ
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ħһһɿµħѾסƷǣһ磬ܱǳǿħԳƳȥ
ˣƷ˽ɫ䣬ħĽ֮ǱӶӳȥˡ
߲˰ɡħĴӺڰֳӴĺӰƷǣ˶ĵЦ⡣
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벻ɣұȳɹһǿɾҪԿˣҵħǵܵƣǾ͸ҵĶˡû취ҲҪյ㣬ȻҪɱǣǾ͵øһ㡣ħǾ޴ͷ­˵
ߣΣǿɱ㣡һŸ˷㼫ɫӰڵħȥ
ವһ
һӱ嵽ħǰһ˫ĽɫצӺݺݵħͷץȥһǳλ顣
ۼǿƹħ쾹ЦԣиǼ˲м˵ˣ֮ʵɲһ㣬ҵħر𡣡
ţħĹ̽Ǿ­Źħӭһ˫ľצֱӳײȥ
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һ죬Ӱǿҵ֮˿񾢵Ʒ磬ӰĽ֮ռǲ˿
ţ͵˰ĳܱȥƷȥӭƷĳϮȴƷǰƴֵ
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ƷҲֻܼܹٳһЩʱˣֻҪħͲΪˡ
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ħӰǿǿײţÿһεײǿƷ磬Ƭռֺϣǿ
ĵƷǰ޷ħӳħ֮УƷֵȥභĲ
һһȻħײȴȥһǿƳɫѾ˲԰֮ɫѪֹ
ƷŷǾǿıӰиж¶˾ģȼ˵ڶ壬һǿԪӿʼתΪħ֮
ʵƷķ廹һҪǾȼգȼ֮󣬿»ָԭеھȼѪһ㡣
ڣƷڵԪתΪκԵƷ㽫ȼյڶĴۣͨͨתΪ˿ħ֮
ʱ԰׵ķˣԺƺѾʼÿհˣڵĿħҲǿĵòˡҲܴٳܼϮĻҲҪ˷˵
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ʱħƵúм֮֮Ķƴħ̫ԶˡŽʮನѾ˺ۣڵء
֮ħ쿴һʧӶûУЦû뵽ҲлᣡҲúŰ㣡
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ħβ͵һɨȥûüֱħľβݺݵɨ˳ȥ
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ײħıԵֱ˻ͲħĶ֣ȫŰ
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ವһ
һӰʵǿķ͵ĳ˹
ߣԲħΪмĴӿһħŷ˱˹ȥ
ŭһһֱһȭħڵĴǻɢɫгɱ
ʲôħΪɫû뵽˵ʵͻȻǿϸȥŷƷķԼʧˡ
ಣ
ȫһȭȻǱǿ࣬ħλλǿ߱ǲ̫ˡ

ħβһɨһɾѿռӭ˳еķˡ
Ҳްֵ˼ȭȥŭĳǺɨľβݺݵĺ˹ȥ
䣡
һȭصĴɨľβУһɻ֮ռžһ·׷ѡ˸ܲסһȭǾβʱƵҪ˵ֱ۸ѣʹһ˿Ѫĵ˳ȥ
޴ļһԸңħһ
ˣŭһƣħȥ
˱һߣȥҲѹסϵƣӿڵĿħ֮һɱħ졣
ħ쵱Ȼ壬޴Ӳϵĳײţ뷲˵Ĺǿħ϶ԷͷţƵǶ޷ħķߡ
С򾪶ңڰ۹ҲȻûֹͣ
ڰ۹ĵ۶ԭԻ͵ĻʹһƬǽ壬ΪһƬ档ڰоѾѹ˾ʮ򣬹Ӳдš
λϿභڱܴĺǸƵô·磬˺ۣΪ񼶱ĺȻ䵽־档
Ѫ֮Уа񷢿ĹƷ硣
䣡䣡
һһǿĽϵĳƷķ
ʮĹϮаȻû˺Ʒ硣
Ʒɫָ÷ˣСǱߵƷҲһڶѾˣƷÿаϻС
Сӣʹһֱ𣡡аôƷֶο޿κΣãаԶҪĥˡ
ƷĻһֱ
Բᡣ
ģƷڵֵаĹ֮УɽпʼַǵɫĹâƷӵеĻ
һΣɲ˻꾳еҵ𣬶ǵػ꾳пµɷҵȻֻһ֮ɷҵҵҪֲʮ
ɷҵͨλ񣬿ֱӱɷҵаʵǿ⵽ɷҵĹǲԵֵĻҲҪ⵽ش
Ʒ缫Ϊ򶨵ļаǷĹƷԷΪһȴǰƸǿĹɣɣеޣ


991 ˻ʽ
ҵɱޱȡ
ڰоѾѹ˾
һӰѪ֮С
ɱ
ɺ˹ŭеޱȵŭɱоеһλʥǿߡ
Ȼ֮䣬ŭͬţһͬɱ˻ʹĽڰоɱ¾ǵоҪͶŭǣҲ飬ֱͬӻɱ
˹شۣѾȫΧˣҲֻǽǧ˶ѣǰһɷס
Щʿ֪ͶҲûˣ뱻Ṉ̀ɱ׷׳еԼĲϺݺݵһĨ

һĲҽУЩʿ˵ҲͦйģʹҪɱҲҪ˵
ǣ˹شץˣû뵽ԼĲ¾ȻԼ׷ɱǰǳƬѪʬ˹شǷϵ
ڰ۹ܾôˣܵģǲܵġ˹ش״εţ˫ۿն
ۣĺڰ۹Ѿˡһͳ𣬱ɺ˹ʮ˿ŵΧס˴ܵ˹شۡ
˹ش۱һﾪѣ̧ͷ㿴ɺ˹ǽʹ޵ԼͻȻһЦ˹ش۾ͷЦȻˣЩ
ߣһʼѾעʧܣɺ˹һгǿҵɱ⡣
ǺǣʹˣҲԲǺù˹شһЦͻȻɫһݣӿһǿħ
û˹ش۾ȻҪԱˡ
㻹л𣡡ɺ˹һһֱӵ˹ش۵ǰһȭֱ˹ش۵¸صĻȥ
һ
˹شۿѪ˳ȥһƬ֮УشԱĻᶼʧȥˡ
ţɺ˹ڵϵ˹شǰһֱֻӽ˹ش۸ݺݵĳҪΪ籨ΪΪȥʿֻܽң
ɱɱ
޾ŭУѹ˹شۿǺ֮ǡ
㡭ЩҰˣԶǸĶ˹ش۾ҲҪݺݵϱɺ˹ǡ
ǺǣڱĶ˵ʲôɺ˹һЦ͵ֻһȭޱȵʹŭ
һ
˹شֱڱɺ˹һȭУ߻٣ΪһƬѪ꣬һۣ֮ôˡ
ڰ۹ҲǴӴ˸ˡ
չϿȥλϺͺļҲƺҪβ˿̵ĺǹ˺ۣŪǱ
Ǻǣڰ۹Ѿˣ㻹Ҫ𡣡ЦѼ¿մѾֹս޾ŵѾռ۶
ЦұͲΪ˺ڰ۹Ϊθɣһŭֳ˹ȥ
λϣְΧס˺һһǿĹϮź
ЩǱ·磬ҪȫɱǺѵģںûȫܵļ
Ͼش񼶵ʵҲǸǵģڤаֿһ޸ƣñǸеΪ֡
ңô𣿡޴͵ĳ˹Яǿħռ
һ޾ںǿֱӭź˹ȥ˫ƳĻȥ
һ
ǿ˫ֱ֮ƿ˺⽥ħֱֻץ˺ͷ­ϣݺݵһ
ſ
ŭ˦ţȴ˦
ݣݣ
λϣѱź˹һĽâյĶźϴڵ˿ڲλݺݵϮ˹ȥ
¡¡
ƬƬĽںϱը˿ʹúС
ҹŭһ͵һֱӱӿһǿħܴ͵ӿ˿ȥ
һħӲ˳ħƲ˿ȥҲǳƴӺ˿
ڣڰ۹Ѿˡ
ʤؼȡƷаսΪϿմһƬӴѪɫռ䣬Ȼ̾Ͽմɢȥ
䣡䣡
ѪɫУа񷢿ĺƷķ
ƷŭΪѪСǧħھڶ嶼ѾˣҲ֪뷲ֶܼá
ǵɫĻѾУһɿµԸаյļһƷ粻úһа־ѽаɱ
Сӣ㵽û꣡аŭ֪жٴˣƷӲûз˼ʱʱʧ
ʱƷķֱȥֱֲ֮Ӵݻ˿ռ䣬ĿռƷٶʧ
аŭֹǷĳϵĿռгȥΪʱƷֳΣаҲڰλᡣ
Է
һƷ绹һҲϤķٴεаǰ
ˣа͵񽣣аȻֲħͷţһƣ
ƣ
аĽһ˲ݻƷľԷ
䣡
һ죬ռ͵һǿľܷӵϮаƿһֱӽƷķݻ١
һ£
Ʒʧʧһ̣ƷϷһĨóѰЦ
ˣаŭһһ˿ˡ
ⲻ֪Ʒʧ˲䣬ֹ֣аĲԶ֮
ٽһǳɡ
Ʒֱ𽣣ҫ˶Ŀİ׹⣬׹֮УһɫĻںԪеɷҵ
аһƷͻȻ֣ѱĥԵаеСӣˣ
͵һ£а񽣣ŭǿħɱƷ磬һȥռֱѿɼаһжôǿᡣ
Ʒһȴ˼ҫŰɫǿ⣬ϴޱȵ֮ٶһ˻ʽ˽һ
˽һ򵥵˵ȫ֮Ϊһ壬˽һƷƣȫΪһ壬˽һ
ݣ
һɫ⣬۶ޱȣռֱӱƣǰǿµĻںϹٶȼ죬ǳԽ˿ռ䣬ȿֲĽ˲ӵаǰ
֮£ае񽣻ǻǰ

аͫױֲĽסве˿µĽǵһμܹӦҲ㲻Ʒһ
ݵһ
ǿĽֱӽ񽣸ΪƬħô⽣ˣɵöֲ
Ȼ񽣵ֵ˴󲿷ֵĽһİɫ⻹˲䴩аؿڣǿ֮Ҳ⵽ɷҵĹϮʹ࣬ʶݵĻ㱣аһ
ܣаԾĵɴ˫ۣͻδ֣ؿϾͱƿһѪϳ˾֣ʷµجΡ


992 ս
˽һ˻꽣ʽĽֻҪһ֣ضҪָ˲ɱ
Ʒֳ𽣣ޱȡ
аȫؿڴѪֹʵŭһ
һ
аȫΪһƬѪ꣬Ƭռ͵һ𶯡
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˺еĺǣоɿֲĳ֮ɫķ׷˿
һϮ޲ֵ֣ȴǱ˸Ϯ䣬ƬʯɨɣҲԱ
ģʧ
Ȼ涼ɰһƬϢ˶ͣеж۽Ͽ֮
ΪѪѾˣƷа֮ʤΣǾսĹؼƷˣζⳡսѾûжˣûܵаĻ𹥻аˣζźڰ۹Ҳͳ׵׵ˡ
ˡдżϣ֮⣬Ͽա
λϣҲĿתϿաһ̣˶˵רעֵĻ˭
ģ
ƷϵӰʵĹâнֳʱԭűڼƷȳֵʱ򣬼֡

ɫŵҲǼɫ鶯޾ǼƷֵʱ򣬾˷ܵĿ
һ̣ƷԵ˵ϣƮݣȫܵκεơ
Ʒ磬һҡ
ƷȥѾҪҰܵĺֱӻС
ౣ
һ֮ޱȷŭСչն֣ƷСѾָƣٴαһۼʱǷŭޱȣҪѩްĸо
СͽˣţԲҪ飡Ʒ˵һУٵĸӶ֮ǵķ
Ȼ֪ΪƷߵ֮Сĳ֣ǼӾ˺ĲҰܡ
ౣ
С˻һųƬѪɫֱŭ¡
ʱĺȴۿնаսܣѾú׵ľˣھƷ綼Լˡ
䣡䣡
һԵĵ䣬ݺݵ˺ǲƵϣȻŰ˿
𣡡
ʹУе˵ľ˵ı
ʱҲһһ˿ٲСսΪ˵Ʒа֮ⳡսҲʤΪˡ
Сһ˫ס˺£һ˫צֱץ˺Ѫ֮С
ʹֱУȻѾκεĵֿ
СҲǺĽצӼںڣڵħݺݵĳ˳ŨѪĲҽһ޴ӣֱӴӿ׹
СⳤХһҧħҫԼսƷһ㣬Ȼһڽħ˽ȥ
һ̽ȥħеǿСӿ˿С֮Сǿҵĺڹ⣬㻯һ޴ĺɫţʵʵİסԼ׼ֶ״̬
¿֮ȻѾʤеĺڰоռڰ۹ƷͻȻȥԵãȻ޴룬֪һҪʲô

˿̣ΪСϿ֮һӴĺš棬ħħ
ħУħƴԵļ
䣡䣡
һĺõƷڶпħ֮ķˣޱȣѾʱõ񼶵ʵףһͬĺħ졣
ħȻֻǸոճλ֮Ͼ绹ǿһΣħ֮Уħڲܡ
ǿƴ˵ⶼͽ޹ġħ첻мЦĵֵ뷲Ϲơ
ʵ뷲ҲûԽħɱҲֻʱѣֻҪ뿪ȵƷ٣ħҲͲ鷳ˡ
𣡡
ŭһ޴ӳǿҵĽ⣬ͬʯĳħײ˹ȥٶȼޱȣ;ĳһӵħ
ߣΪǧ֮ǰ𣡡ħһҲû㿪ͷųֲħȻǳ˰ӭųײеӿϮ˹ȥ
䣡
Ǿ޴ײǹӴħУǿĳ֮Ȼ޷ƿħ޷ǰݽһ̶֣Ǳħӿ֮Уٽˡ
˵ˣҵʵѲǧǰܱ⡣ʹͻˣԶҵĶ֡ħľӰǹħ˳ɭӣͫףĶ

ŭһǿּһǿʢǰħβŭɨ˹ȥôһɨǿֱӴѿ˿ռ䡣
ħмֱ̽һצǺɨľβϺݺݵץ˹ȥ
һ
צӣֱ˺βͣȻȻҲȫסķŭһɫѪǽӲӵľβ˼̵Ѫڡ
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ʹһŭĲͷħֱӴӿһɫţ̺ǿ˹ȥ
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һ
ǿռ䣬Ȼͱħô赭дͷײ͸ƻˣнĽɫ㡣
ֵ˰ɡħͫ˸һɭ֮⣬ſֱӱһڹţǺ֮Уһɿµħ
ħţϮȴ
䣡
ǿĺڹţݺݵĺϡֱ֮˺ѿԭǿռŷһƬҡ
𣡡
ʹĲҽУǿҵ֮УѪܵصĴˣ޴ӳĴħн
һ
ֱ˵֮У޴ĳֱ֮ڵҿһ׵ľ޿ӣ˹̳һľޱ۹
ָоʵ̫ˡħЦ׵ĴǧľУħһǰδеС
˻ңһһѪɫ˲Ѿûȭķˣħ֮ʱѱǿһ
䣡
ֱһȭŭħıϣǿȭħǾϵ޾ѪɫⲨҲȫסˣΪоһȭǴһ޷ݻٵĸֶһ㣬ƺ޶ħκε˺

㵣ɫ֣ħʵҲ̫̬˰ɡ
ߣϷҲ湻˰ɡħ͵𵴳һǿħһ˲ͱ˳ȥ
˾һֱӱħɶ䵽ԶȴҲȻ壬ȭ˫ŭħ죬ġ


993 ֮ʼ
ʹǶ֣ҲҪս
ħ֮壬˶ѡħһЦ
˿ڴŴ޾ɫֻ뵽ȥӸʱ䡣
Ǻǣͦǿ𡣡ħЦһν΢΢һ£޴ͻأֵ˵ǰֱӳײ
˱һû뵽ħٶȾ֮죬Ӧûᶼ
һ
˿Ѫֱӱײ˳ȥ
Ȼ󣬷ȻվԵ˵Ĺ°ǿ
ߣ㻹ܵ˶ʱħһһССλҲ˷˲ٵʱ䣬˵Ҳͦġ
䣡
ħֱſ³һڰƿռ䣬˲ƵƷǰ
˾һ£ǿһŤ˹ȥȻоգǺڰĦµľƻǺݺ˷ˣֱ֮Уƿһ̵˿ڣѪֹ
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ģһò׶Ը˰ɫԽӵأҪƷٲĻԼҪħˡ
ߣʵ벻ףƷǼһʲôãֻѪħˣǱʣԺⷲɾǵˡħߵ
ЩСˣҲмһ

ħ˫һֱʵ⣬˲㴩˷˵塣

ʹһֻоһεľϾͱƿѪʹ಻ѣǿҲԶԶ޷סħĹ
ߣǺȰ㣬û뵽㾹Ȼ˹ִֻһˣħɫһ䣬һӰӹħǾ޴ĺӰס˷ˡ
Աһħŭȥӵħͷ˫ȭǿҵѪ⣬ݺݵĺ˹ȥ
ϧ˫ȭδħͷħͻȻһһɿֲǿƷϮӭӿ˵
һ
ȭδ㱻ǿĳϮԼĹֱ֮Ϯ壬Ѫڣһַ˳ȥ
һΣħҲٷŹˣһӣֱƵ˵еķǰڳһֻצֱȥ
飡
һ죬ڰⲨǳѵĿռ֮Уֲҽһֱӱħһצȥ
䣡
һը֮죬ڵҵڵأ̳ʯɽ
̳ɢȥѾ˵޿֮УѪܣֻʣһмʶѾˣħҲȫĴֻһ׸ĸѡ
ڡԲ𡭡ǡܡ˲ҪӣȻȥŭϿմħ죬Ҳ
״Ҳǲ࣬ز𣬼ǷŭѣҲֻʹԼʵ̫ˣɱǰɵСˡ
ϡ˰ɡħŵ¿մŭɫһۣЦǺǣֵܣ벻ҲнɡôǲǺ뱨𣿰ϧˣûˣģȻŹ壬ʱɾҪˣ
㡭ŭһ޿ڵѪ
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ħǾ޴Ӱ̾ڿգ˫ס˷
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ħƺоʲôٶһףȻˣˡ
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ţħһСеһƬѾΪĴԺ֮У͵ѹһɾֱӽ涼Ʒ
ʱƷɵĵ֮УһĽӰűƷ˳û뵽Ƿưȣ˾ȵǣưȾȻûֻǻˡ
ವһ
ħֱʹħưȸצЦƷҲӦÿ쵽˰ɣλŮӦöҪɡ
һǷưȣŭѣŭҷſȷˣ
ȷˣħһ£˽ţԼеĲҲͶˣЦǺǣһ֮ˣ㻹ʲôʸңúܿЦ𣿡˶٣ħݵЦʵִҪֹңΪҲ֪ڻ뿪𡣲ܿϧⳡϷѾˣСе˶һͬ𣡹
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ĻſǴź룬ҲоһɿֲϢıܵеʯֹ£ֻƴȥݻЩʯ
Ӷ֮УҲһƬңֲϢϮ֮ʱеѾʼĳ룬һƬҡ
ʱԶҲͨ۹۶ķֳѪħӰ
ħһôô嶯Ʒ˰ɡѪħüͷ΢壬תַЦǺǣΣ벻бɣ֮裬ƱؼӱֻȻô棬ǽվͺú㣡һˣʲô֮ͨ
ವһ
Ѫħһɫ⣬ǰ۹
ѪħĿҲܼ򵥣Ǿǻ۶
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ħЦǿħϢѾסƬ档
䣡䣡
ħ£׷ݵ
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ʹ಻ѣβѣ˲߲ʵˮ
ʹ޲ѣеƷֵܣմΪˣ
û취ħʵʵǱ̫ǿˣλȥԿħλǿߣȷʵ̫ǿˣ޷ƥС
ߣ֮ǧ֮ޣհٱѩܣħһǾ޴ͷ­ѾõĻ֮Ҫˡ
ҫ۵ĺڹ⣬һУȫʧΨĮĺڰĺڰ
һ̣Ҳǳʹı˫ۣȴ١
֪ΪΣܵӴܵĿǣҲĪͣ˶ΪоɻϢϮȥҲͽ޹ġ
ħ
ħŭһ޴ĺڰǺ˵Ĵƺ񣬿ռͣͣǽĩʱ̡
Ȼ˾ʱ̣һװϤ쳹أһ˵ŭƣ䴫ס֣


994 ħҪЮ
ס֣ħһ㶣û뵽Ʒþ֮죬ȴҲ壬ŭȵס֣룡
䣡
ӴħŻذһ㣬ѹ£ƬռȻ顣
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һħѹ֮£ǿгһ޴ķ
䣡
ֲħǷУȻ䱬ը˿Ϊ֮һǷ֮⣬ӿ޴Ĺ⻡ǿƲϿմӿϮȥ
ħȻ󾪣µϿմȥ𺧲ѣΪԼǿһȻƷסˡ
⻪ɢȥϢɢƵĴҲŻָƽӶӴܵȺŴӾѹϾղһʵ̫˸еˡ
ٶƷϵӰڿգھԷС

Ʒֵܡ
˫ۣƷ絽¶˽ѰЦݣһƷ磬ƣ۵˹ȥ
Ʒ¿մѾȫȥС򣬳˷֮⣬ˡ
͵ģƷɫһ˫Ŀ죬ʹ಻ѣݺȭ߬Ѫ֮УΪܿԼĸĸ뿨Ҳˡ
ŭµķŭڵƷоѾ״̬Ұޣʹ˼£ħǺ֮ǡ
ħ죡ҪʬΣƷ緢ŭһֱӴӷг˲ӵħǰŭնȥ
ţħͻȻһֻצֱӽưȸǰ
Ʒһ٣ĸף
ޣԭĸףɾͺˡħȻһЦ
Ɒ޳СˣſĸףƷ
ٺ٣Ȼ˵ĸףһ𣿶˵ǷǳüֵġħЦ
㵽ʲôƷŭȴ޿κΣԼĸħħʵƷ粻ڽĸ֮ǰɱħ졣
ܼ򵥣빦ҹҿԷĸףҾʳԡħհЦ
룡Ʒȵ
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ưɫʹ֪࣬ԼħƷеңǶѾˣԷɱһ
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ͣС˵Ļɱɱˣưʹ޵û뵽ԼΪƷ׸
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Ʒ籾ҲûôɵҪЮǰʱƷѾˣħıСˣԼԸһСҲͬŹˣ޴ЭƷǾԲ᷸ġ
ħƷþδ¾צһݣʹ

ưʹһУѪôܳħİ
ĸףƷеħʹ޲ѣɱ˵Ļħ綼֪Ҫٱˡ
ߣƷ磡˵һ飡ûʱģһТӵĻӦøĸ׵ħһ͵ЦǺǣѪħ˳֣ԼԸ㶨һ
ߣΪһС˵Ļ𣿡ƷһѱֻҪħһԲ񣬱ܸħش
˼ûѡ񡣡ħĻصĶƷ磬צ˼ְ

ưʹֱУѪɫ԰ףȴֲĵ˵硭ң졭ɱһ𡭡ˣ㻹ҪȺͺǡ㡭ԲΪΪңֵá
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ά˿ȥ۶еЩˣֱƷ磬ٵķʥء
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Ϊʲô˵ĥأ
Ϊά˿ƷľٶжˣôĴֻۣΪػԼĹңػԼ˶ѡǰά˿֮ҪȥƷ磬ǺƷԺв͢Ʒʵ˼򵥵ˣֻҪȥ˺Ʒߵˣǹֺ͢вأ
оǣʱƷѪħսʱƷά˿Ͷһ⣬ǾΣҲƷѡά˿ԲŸȥƴѪħһսȻĻƷά˿Ҳһ͢Ҳ
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ά˿վһߣĿ֮⣬Ϊǰ˯еƷ磬ά˿жԼˡ
˿̵Ʒ磬ԭ壬ڵõӴ֮ϴ֮忪ʼĻָšԭƷ֮ڵõ֮֮ǵõ˽һ㣬ĴͻȻӿһɫĹâ֮ҲԽӵǿǹ֮ƺΪһ壬޸Ʒ塣
ƷĶͷȴǿʼ亹ɫҵĳ鴤ƺԵüΪʹࡣ
Ҫ뿪ң
ڰ֮УƷʹĺš
ΪƷһجΣξ˵ʵ
ʱƷ翴ԼˣܸѪħǡ̵ѪħǣȴĿڳԼЦЦ֮УѪħǿʼһץƷߵѣĽĥ
Ʒ磬ңҡĺ¡ʹĽţŻеĺӣԵ˵ľ
ûܾȵ㡣ѪħЦһƱ㽫뺢ǵϻȥ
ȣ
Ʒʹ˻ţ絶ԼȴΪֻĿԼ뺢ӲѪħ
Ʒ磬ǵﱾ³ѪħƷЦЦԵ˵ĳª
Ҫɱ㣡ƷŭʹĽɭĺڰ
ɱң𣿡ѪħΪмЦϷҪʼأ
תȥƷһľ㵣۸ǲʹѪ˿ΪƷ羹ǿѪħħһϤס
ﻹѩ˿ԼĸĸԼϤѣһھԼڲԡ
ȴǣѪħħǽĲ̴
⵽Σʵ
֮һ̣ƷʹüҪˡ
˭Ҳ˺ǣƷʹĺţһ̣ƷжôĿǿ
ûҪԵ
𣡡
ƷǾްŭһ֮ƺоһǿӿ
ڰ֮Уһҫ۵İ׹ӿ̼ûѪħǣûһϤףûƬڰ
͵һ£걻һɾһ㣬Ʒǿб˻ʶŽĻָ
ҡ
ƷԺоţҲղֻһجΣجʵ̫ʵˣԼʵĻⳡجξ;ԿܻΪʵ
ڣƷҲ֪ԼںδоԼӿǿƷ㿪ʼȶԪ
ҲƷڲӵеǿԪоҪõͻˣѵõͻƷ˷ѡ
ô죡ά˿㵲ѣоƷһǿ𾪡
Ȼ˵̹⾧ӵǿ֮ƷܵĴ˼ΪأҲýµʱſɻָ
û뵽ֻǹ˰죬֮ͷƷãƷ֮
һ㣬ά˿𾪵ǣһƷܵصĴ֮ھȻҪͻˣƷͷųǹǿϢά˿еη壬ɫĺ˼ǿĽƷ硣


1002 ֮
ƷĶʲô
ǾػԼѣڱѵʱƷ׷Ŀһ԰εҪǿ󣬲ȥԼߵˣȥսʤһǿĵˡ
ʱԪƷӿţԴԴϵĳˮһ㣬֮ͨͨӿƷڡ
һ£
Ʒҫǿҵİ׹⣬ص̹⣬ǿİ׹⣬ƷϽӿâǿʢޱȣԵ˵׳ۣʥѾǿסˡ
䣡䣡
һǿƹ⻡ĵ
ǿ
ά˿𾪲ѣȣڵʼǵǿ⻡ȴǱǹ⻡Ϯһˡ
˵ĳжôǿ
䣡
ʥʼҵĲʥأòҡ
ʥ֮У˶ֲѣǿϢôͻȻԴ֮ʥ֮С
һ£
ʥ֮Уеǿ߶ʥ֮⣬ǹɵϢΪǿ󣬸޷ٿʥһ֡˻ûо¶뿪ҳϵһ㣬ʥ֮⡣
һ̣ά˿ҲƷΪλǿ˿ˣΪƷÿһܵĴ֮УƷһűžǿģʹĥֻǿƷԽӵǿ
ÿһε𣬶ÿһλƷ綼õȫµƷ绹һػѵƷ粻ϵߵľ硣
ʱƷ֪ľҲֽ֪ںδӶתΪǿԪϵڵԪ
ǿԪϵĳƷ壬һεӿһɹɰɫĹص̹⣬ֽĻƷӣƺڱƷһ㡣
ǿ󣬲ϵǿÿһƷڵԪţ֮ǿԪϴ֮£ҲǱԽӵǿ
ǿ֮ʱҲҪһĴۡ
ڵƷ磬Ԫǿ֮ʹ࣬ƷǿӲ־ʹ༸ԺԲˡ
ϵ󣬱ԽӵļͣڵԪԽѸ١ǿƵƷе쳣˷ܡ
Ź˼ӣƷָԭеԪ״̬ӿǲϵתΪԪӶƷڵԪٽһǿ
ǿȵǿ
ܿ죬ƷڵԪﵽƿ
ƿҲֻΪһͻơ
ɣƷ˷ܰӿԪԽԽ࣬ƷѾ׼ȥԭеԪƿ
һΣѵûƷܴ
ȻڵƷʹ࣬Ϊʹ࣬Ʒ֪ʵжôҪ
̣ƷȫſһУ֮ķӿ롣
䡱һ
ӴƷڡǿԪ֮ǳƷڵһ㣬ǿͨƷĴ
ͻˣ
ƷпϲѣԭƿѾơƷ統ڵĻʼѹӴԪ
ѹϵѹڵ֮УĴƷӶƺȫԪȡˣԽӵĳʵ
ƷȻûֹ֮ͣӿͨͨתΪԪΪãͻƿ֮Ʒ׳ʵ֮Ԫ
ʱѹգƷڵԪڱȶɹͻƵԪ֮ڵԪ֮ʮ
֮ǹǿҲȶ˿̵Ʒԡڹİâ֮УͷųǿϢ
ά˿㵲ѣڵƷ磬ĸоԽӿˡ
ͻ𣿡ά˿ľѣû뵽Ʒܵش֮󣬲ûӰ磬ͻˡ
̫ˣ
뵽ڴˣά˿һ£ûƷȾٶȣԳŵǴ½һˣľĦ˹Ʒ綼ԶԶ
˿̵Ʒ粢ѣԪͻ֮󣬻Ҳõ˴̼Ե
ʱƷȶסĻ꣬壬½ȫµ磬оƷһȫµ硣
ÿһ׶ξȫµԪǻʵϵǿʮ֮ǻĿ֮
ƷӵеɷҵԽӵǿǻŵĵɫ棬ǹɫҲԽԽɱСɫı仯ɷҵǱԭǿʮϡ
ãλƷ趯ŹƣаǿĻڵԪﵽںΪһſɽԪͬʹãŻԽԽǿ
㣬ǧС죬ٸ죬Ʒȫȶ˾磬ԪȻȻѾﵽԪڣƷԭػ֮ҲɹͻƵ˵ػ֮
ߣѪħοǵĸӵͻƵĻᡣǾ͸Ӻúõţܿ㽫˺úøջƷ簵һͻȻһŭ𣬺ˣ죬ʥһη𶯡
ά˿ֲѣǿ֮УˡƵ˽ߣЩǱסΣɫĶŵƷ硣
ϢôƷɻѣ͵֮ű㻺˫ۡ
һ˫ۣƷϤʥ
ʥƷĵһӦ
ûڹʥСһ䵭ά˿ԵЩ˹
Ʒά˿Ⲣе⣬ȤôôõĻᣬôû֣
ߣ֪ʣ֪㶯֡ά˿һǺ㣬»ѪħƴѵͲ±˸㣿
ǲƴĻҶΪβѡһƴֻϧûɱѪħǸȻɵļһˣƷһʹ޲ʵ˵
ΪѡűѵͲ±ûɱ𣿡ά˿ʵ
֪㲻ðգΪҶżǿУɱңҲһܹõҪģҲܽʧȥһǿѣ˵һôҲûСһˣǵʧӦúƷص
벻㻹ͦġά˿һƷ磬ѵˣڿѡ
Ƿһ飬һỹġƷ˵
ˣϣԺǽ֮͢䲻ǵˡά˿˵ʵά˿ҲΪ˹͢ѡ
İɣֻҪҵĵˣƷҲԲĵˡƷصҲǶά˿ĳŵ
ϣɡά˿΢΢ͷ
ˡƷͻȻ֮䣬ʵҲƷлõͻƣʣµĶΪΪλӵǿ֮
ߣΪ˾㣬Ѫά˿һһЩڵӣ֮ǽ͢õھ֮ġ
ʲô֮ģ
ƷסһȻѣԵޱȵļ


1003 ֵ
֮꣬ھУƷȻŮиѰ֮ġ
½֮Ѱң
һֱüĿ벻֮ľȻά˿ǵȫѹ򰡡
ά˿Ʒ˼ʵô𣿡
Ǻǣ֪ˡƷЦЦɺʵˣ֮ıǾʥô
ǧսҲǲˣ֮ʹߴ˵õġά˿˿̾οСˣ֮Ŀӵǿ֮ƵĻָż洦Ϊ㣬᲻ø㡣
ά˿ѣƷ᲻֪⣬һɫ˵Ķ飬ƷסˣҵĳŵҾԲʳԡ
űǡά˿΢΢ͷͷҲǷˣƷܱȶһǿĵǿˡ
˶٣ά˿ʵˣ˴һս׼ȥԸѪħ
ߣѪħشħҲҵĶ֣ҲǷֻĸ׻ǵһҪԵʵܾȻĸסƷ˵
Σά˿ʡ
ߣҾҪȻĸף˳㻹ýһƷɫά˿˵ҲһҪİ
ά˿һ㶣ɫ΢죬ε˵˵£ֻԱʵԶԶ˵Ķ֡
ʵ˵⻰ʱά˿ǺܱġԼǶô磬½֮βԼսûˡ
ҲҪȥԸѪħǣֻⶫҲǹ͢УûҲûϵƷҡͷ
ʲôûУֱ˵ǡά˿ԵЩͷ˵оƷԽԽթˡ
ʵʵǣ͢һֱʹ½磬֮սǽ͢ûأƷʵϾЩ½ʹ߻϶лɱˣƷҲ
񣡡ά˿һƷ˵Сӵθڿ󣬲ȷʵ񣬵޷գҲֻʥϡ
ҪƷɫ
ά˿üͷһ壬Ʒ磬֪ѾõӶ֮ɱˣܹ֮ǵΪ̳еʸ񣬲ȻǾ޷յġҽ͢ӵеߵ޷̳ǵеҪǿԵĻ綼ˣĻֵ㡣
ٺ٣ʵҲܼ򵥣ֻҪҪ󷨵ǿȶѣΪѪħٴҵñߵˡƷԵЩհЦЦֵôڻûбУ
Уֻһţλǧǰ½սʹߴ£ʱûʹСά˿ص
У̫ˡƷ缤ѣⳣǲ񣬵Ʒӵſֱκε
ȻܣƷȻά˿ˡ
ǿ͸𣿡Ʒʵ۷
ߣѾ֮ˣδ̫̰˰ɡά˿ɫõĻص
ҲֻΪǹ͢öѡƷҡͷ
úãά˿
ǺǣҪã޷ǿʥķҽѪħǣǹ͢в罫ңҲк֮ǣúýѪħǡƷЦ
롣ά˿صʼ˼
Ʒ΢΢ͷڶ׷ƷѾǿҵƷҪԼʵܹٶ
ά˿Ѱ˼ãðɣԸ㡣
ǶԵġƷϷЦݡ
ȱżҪóŵԺҲԲܶԹ͢ǹ͢Σ֮ʱҲóά˿֣ص˵òΪ͢ȡ档
УԴŵԺƱر͢ǰǹ͢Ҳ˺顣Ʒص
ά˿΢΢ͷԵЩǵ˵У˴α㣬ѪħǾԲŹ͢ϴһѡ͢Ļܲڵһʱϻ
ǺǣܣƷһЦϾƷĵһǱڹ͢УƷ㹻İ˲ڹ͢
ǱҲͷˡά˿
飿Ʒʡ
ɡά˿˵ֳȣҫһ׹⣬һһصħȻ֡
ģ
׹ֱӽƷά˿סһǿĿռֱ֮˲ʧʥ֮С
һ̣Ʒ㾪㵵ķ֣Լһ޴
ɣƷĴȥ֮УһЩϵľᣬƷмϡйӦǹ͢Ĵرˡ
ãǹ͢ıҲֻôһά˿һٻмƵġ
ǺǣİɣĶҲٸȤֻҪСƷЦ
ά˿˿ʵЩԸڸƷԼû뵽ƷƤ񣬾ȻԼҪ
֮£ά˿ǱҵһɫĺӣȻϿر𣬵ȴоһǱڵǿϢ
ˡά˿˵˻źǿĽǽӸݵƷȻһֱš
̫ˣƷ缱еıӹǽӣæһִ򿪣һǿҵĽǽ˳˲һǿϢ
ɢǿϢά˿ԵɫЩκ졣Ȼ񱣴˺ܾãеûʧ
λ񣡡Ʒ缤ֵ֣õһƷʵܲǿˡ
ţƷ㽫ǽӸסά˿һ㣬Ʒæ㽫ǽӸС
ˣѾˣȥˡά˿˵
ƷЦЦһֱά˿ЦԵΪĹ졣
ά˿ɫһ죬ƷôŸеΪڣ΢ŭ㿴ʲôôÿ𣡡
ҾãҲŮζġƷͻȻȤ
㣡
ά˿ð޲һƷ硣
Թˣά˿еΪŭ˵ҲǻǧˣȻһëͷСӸˡ
ƷЦЦ˫һһǿĻǿά˿ԺС
ά˿һ㵶ַŭƷ磬û뵽Ʒ羹ͻȻԼַԺȴƷ𼱣ҲǺ㡣
֪ΪΣƷ⻰ά˿ĪĸеΣ㲻ٵֿǹɹ롣ά˿ǹ֮ʱǶһİϢ
ά˿֮󣬱㿴ƷЦԼʣʲô
Ǻǣҿλ֮Ҳֻһ֮ңѡȻôĺôȻ㣬ҸµȻҵרʺ㣬ֻҪǱܵõͻơƷЦʵά˿ĵزҲֻǹڱ͢ѣƷԺά˿ֻһŮ˶ѡ
ά˿ãû뵽Ʒ羹ȻὫǿĹ͸ԼӦ֮ά˿΢ЩӲĸмлл
ʵ㲻ʱ򣬻ͦƯġƷϷһЦϽ͵ˡ
ά˿֮󣬱κƷ磡ҹ


1004 аû
գħѾѪħصħ
ţѪħ̵λħľѪſǿָƣȥۣ޷ԭˡ
˵ħҲûϢģΪֺѪħȻԼˣ˵̵ĽѪħָơ
˶ѪħŭƷ˴ԵñŭѣħŭʵռƻǺܺõΪƷͻȻ֣㻹ñƷҪƷɣ
ˣħ쾪һ亹㽫һϸ֪
Ѫħ󣬸ΪŭֱǴ˵ˣƷˣ㾹ȻŪסˣ
ˣҡħ쾪ԡ
ǣѪħΪΣҡͷˣƷǼһĺܣĸ׻ǻǿԺú
ߣһҾԲϵˣħߵȻ˸ˣһѣŭѡ
úÿŷưȣŲ֮ƷǼһԻѪħͷ
˷ģƷˣҲҵĸףħ
ߣϣһβҪٳˡѪħһһְѾȥۣʹ޵˵Ʒ磡ϱ֮𣬱һݺݵֻ
ˡħͻȻ뵽ѪħǶȥ˵ˣǷҪչأڵҪƷˡ
ãѪħȻ޾壬ħ죬ֵú￴ţҪȥһˡ
˭ħɻʡ
а񡣡ѪħĻص
а񣿣ħ쾪㵲ѣʣˣаǰܸƷǼһ𣿡
̫СаǼһˣȻаܸƷ磬ƷΪаϵܣҲֻб֪Ѫħ˵
ʲôܣħ㶵ʵ
ͲضˣúƷڶʱҲǰħܿǳ˲㣡Ѫħ
˾ܷģڣƷħڲħص
Ѫħ΢΢ͷһ£ʧ

ߵ
˼壬⵺ϣӵŴ½δе⵺ϣޣ߿ɴʥףѰ˵ȣҽȥ⺣ߵ
⺣ߵ֮ڰ۹ԶϺ򣬴˵Ǻܴ󣬵Ĵںҵ⺣ߵĴڡ
ʱѪħֳΣںߵϿ֮¶˼ֹЦݣ㻺ĽǺߵϡ
ߵӵޣһ綾Ѫħ뵺֮ʱΧıӿ˳Ⱥľߣ׺ݲѣ̾
Ѫħм͵ĵһǿѪ⣬Щ˶ľ߱Ѫ·׷׻Ϊ˻ҽ
Ѫħ˶ӣվԭزͻȻѪħݷã
ƾˣ춼˼⵺еޣŵòƬɭֶİ
ѪħþδлӦֲõĽеѵǾӭ˵𣿡
⻰˵꣬ɭֱһǿа
һ£
һλѪɫѪ۵ĳªͷֵѪħǰһɫ⡣
ͷԵЩǱشҲƷ˲ٵĿ˾ȵǣͷȻûΪͷƷԭɱа
ѪħȻ㣡ô֪ڴˣаʵ
а˹ĺڰ۹飬صĵطҲرԶٽںڰ۹ĺУҲֻкߵ⴦طΪرԱϲӦûѪħص
ߣΪ£аʵյѪħаһֱѪħ־ԡ
ǺǣﵱȻΪ֮顣Ѫħ΢΢һЦ
ߣħʱѪħ֮Сˣ̸ʲôаߵѪħ޺øС
Ѫħŭѣȴǿŭ˵аڿɲԸʱ򣬱֪ʵҲƷǼһｻ֣׶Ըֻ֣ſɱƷ磡
ߣƷ籾Իɱаߵ
ԲĶֱ֣ǿˡѪħа
аȻ˼˻ֲм˵ߣ㲻Ķ֣ҲС˺󷴱ͱһ
ǺǣǺãǱҴˡԸ㣬ʵԶɱƷ硣ȥųһĻǱҲ޷˵ѪħһЦתߡ
£аͻȻסѪħ
ôаѵʲô𣿡Ѫħʵ
аһ⣬ֻҪƷ磬ͺ޲ҪɱƷ磬Ʒʵ֮ǿаᣬҲֻѪħſɶԸƷˡ
˻аԴӦоԵİնԸƷ磿
Ǻǣа֪Ʒ㣬ˣĸ׾ǵǴĸףһͬƷһѪħݵЦ
ðɣشһñչһʱ䡣а˵
ʵءѪħһЦΪκĳ⣬ѪħѪħɼӿʵָֻ㹻ʵпɾ
Ѫħа˫һʵѪħѪħаѵġ
ûԸ㡣Ѫħֵ
а˫һЦǺǣѪħѪħ⴫Ѫħ֮УҲǺܺã˴ͣûô򵥰ɣ
סѪħ˵ͷ⽻ײѪħ⡣
Ǻǣкζ㽻ףа񵭵һЦڹʡ
ħ֮УѪħ屾žͻһںʱ㱻ħȥˣħ඼ԱҪѪħ֣ص˵
ʲôаɻ
а񣬱Ѿгˣ㾹ȻܹƷѣȻѪ֮ʵҲܼ򵥣ѪħҪѪ֮ѡѪħ˵
Ѫ֮ԾѪߣаѪ֮ſƭƷѣؾƷҲ벻аȻš
ԣҪõѪħа˵ҲΪ˱
Ѫħ΢΢ͷвԳһɫᣬ׹а˵ѪħԺúò鿴
аһӹǺɫᣬ㷭ϸ˼ɫԵΪļѪħ
ˣûѪħĶˡѪħѵ
аҲʳԣֳͬһɫøѪħ˵Ѫ֮¼
ѪħĽӹǺɫᣬͬǴϸһСһЦǺǣǺ죬һƷͨ챾£Ҳһ
ˣҲҪúøСаݺݵ
ǾȸˣʱһϵѪħֵ
аɫеǺɫᣬѪħһﻹñɱƷСӣɲ˳ȥ


1005 
ѪħߺаһΪ֪ĶС
ⶴ֮Уȵĸ£ǧȶȡ
ڶвһۻۻĸ߶ȣʮȣǿɾλ񶼿ɱۻ
ۻǴײ⺣ߵֱͨжĶУѪħҲ޲²⵽
Ȼⶴ֮УһӰ
ӰͬһλߣԵԽӵĳªںɫۣһֱԨеĶħ
նһɫ𣬴˻Ϊڤ
ڤҲһֻƷɷҵƣ˭ǿ˭Ҳ֪ڤҲǼΣյġ
ܹյڤˣ½֮УҲֻˡ
ûλ߱ʧǧ
ܣ
аӵߵ
΢΢һ˫ۣа񣬱Ц磬ʲôˣôҵ
Ѫħаɫһ
ѪħǱɵļһô֪Ƕطʵ
ߣǻСѪħǼһаߵ
磬Ϊ£ʵ
аص
Сʲô˵Ѫħͬ޺øУֵ磬Ѫħһħǳǿɲ
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磬ҲƷô𣿾ҲǼһ㵵ʵ
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磬Ѫħսթ漰ʲô棿ʡ
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ǺǣģȻѪ֮黹ѪħͬõһöаһЦһóѰЦݡ
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ǺǣѪħֻҪռϺĺｫΪṩ㹻ľѪԴʱҵʵȫָԻԵõǽ½֮صļƻǾ͸ˡаЦ
֮صǼϼһȷʵöԸѪħٺ٣ҲҲ֮ܽظͳˡհЦ
еʱ䡣а˵ڴˣĴڱüסԲѪħһƻĺܣǵСġ
˵ǡ˵ͷּΪаеǺɫ˵磬ѪħѪħ⣿
Ǻǣҿˣû⣬һѪ֮ѾĶѾȱݣȱݶ˵Ƿǳġ֮Ʒ֮ѪħһҲáаݵ˵
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ѪۻʱһħӿһӴĻˣۻ𽥽ıɢۻ֮Ȼһ޴ѪɫӰн
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ǺǣѪУЩѾԳɹۻ𣬳Ϊ֮һɾۻĹ۴½ܻ١Ƿ֮أ˴ҲһɿµЦ
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磬һϲءһЦͻȻۻгһѪ
䣬ۻӿһӴϢЯȵĸ´ۻгаûüӦһ޴ѪɫӰѾһǰ
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ѷֺܾˣֻһֱûߴ磬һϲЦѾ߱κε˼룬ȫƾƿأλУ޵еĴڡ
ֵܣһľϲаϲЦǰĽаϲѣһصļ޵ܣħ֮У츳ǱҲֻȽˡ
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̣һĻˡ
ʱѪڶһ˸ŹѪ⣬Ѫ֮ѪȻı仯һӰ
Ѫı仯аͫ׶ıͻΪѪ仯֮ˣȻԼϲ֮ͬ⣬òȫơ
ܣǣаȻʵ
ǺǣѪϻӵֻ֮ҪעħȡٿԻɼ̳ڴ֮һټѪϱǱڵʵѪħƷ磬Ҳ޷ݡհЦȻǺųֶιȻ
ʵ̫ˡаЦ
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Ҳֻжܲ뵽ȫ֮ˡаЦ

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ѪħҲֺĻصħѪ֮Ѫħʧڿûˡ
ˣΣħѪħֱӱʵ
ţѪħ㽫µ֪ħ졣
ħ󣬴Ϊ⣬ˣѪħľô͸ааҰĺܴŲãô
ߣѪħȻǼٵģҲȫǼ٣ҪԸĻа񷴵ҪԴѪħߵ
ǺǣӢħЦЦƺ뵽ʲôͻȻʵˣˣҵѪħǲǡ
ħ죡⻰ʲô˼Ѫħɫһ
֣ҡֻʶѡħŵһ亹Ѫħ
ߣʣѪħɫֵħ죬ֱħħ죬ֻҪűǲġ
ǡǣħԺض׷ˡħæ


1006 
𸮣޸ռУ뷲˵Ѿָֻ״̬Ǻܺá
磬СƷ֣㣬ѪħǸǺ֮ǡ
Ʒ磡

뷲˫һΪϲ
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ˣһ°ҵĸסƷص
ʲôȻѰȷ˸°ˣߣҵʵѾָھһͬɱħҪĸףŭ
д㡣Ʒҡҡͷ˵磬ħǵʵѾܲˣôħԿҲǡ
һ㶣Ĭ˻Ʒ˵ûھħʵǿˣοƷĸǵóȻɱħҲǴΪԿ
ΪСûбôң˽˫ۣ
ⲻ£̫͹Ѫħǣû뵽ǾȻԷ֡Ʒʹ޵˵һúģ
ƷֵܣкμƲߣһʣ岻ݴǰ˵Ʒֵܣ㿴ĻҾԻ߾ȫ㣡
лл硣ƷһжֵѾ˶ԸѪħǵļƲߣֻҵЩС˻صޣٴζߵ۹֣һô۹Լȥɣ
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ΪͻȻı䶯ǸеΪľ뾯裬ӦϿմƷӰ֮ʱ㼤֡
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ھɱȥȻذȣԭ嶯Ҳ֮飬Ҳԭ̫ڷưȡ
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Ʒ硭ԭסˣˮʵưֻǱٳˣҲ࣬ٷưȻţֲ˵Ʒ磬ҪӦףһҪȻĸס
ףһġƷͷҲƷҪȥ顣
Ʒ磬ǣͻȻʵ
磬鷳СһͬҸǷص۶ѪħʱˣǾڵ۶ҰɣЩҪȥƷ˵

Ǿ㵲ѣȻܼ˵еƷ硣Ҳ˵УֵܹܣǸܴڵ飬Ʒ˵ҲͲˡ
һúչǵġص˵ҲǶƷĳŵ
лл磬ڵ۶е״ҲǺܺãڵ۶ȫġƷ˵ֽŶŮ£һ˺Ǻͺӵġ

Ůͷ뿪Ʒš
Ʒ˫ٴλһۣںݵһתٵڰ۹ķȥ


1007 Сٽ
Ʒδ˵ԭ뿪֮뷲˱㱣Ŵһص˵۶
˷ص۶֮󣬲Ʒ˵˼ˡ
۶֮УһƬǽ壬ĴѾ⵽صƻոؽõĻʹҲʧ˽롣ڵ۶пԿɵʬ壬徣ϡ
ĻǴΪŭ
۶⵽˴ƻؽҲҪһʱ뻨ˡ
ԭҲǼΪʹĵĻصܳشڼ壬ҵеرĲء۶ʹŭ֮У۶дˣĬĬȥʰһƬƬķ
Ҳ壬Э۶ؽ뷲۶ǿˣҲʱڵ۶УԷٴ
ⳡѣ˭ҲԤ벻ζ۹ʹ˴ˡƾŶƷִŵ۶ؽ̾ͿʼС
ʹʹģҲеʹࡣŵˣչ黹ҪȥҲһξ޴ش֮۹ǿ

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ͬڵ۶֮Уܵƻ֮۹ҪӵĲأڰ۹ѱͻȥڰ۹ѾǴӴ˸ˡ
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ܵ˵һսʧǼΪ΢ġ
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ͣ˽Ų΢΢ĶԱ˵ֱһ죬ԭ˶Ըʱһģϣǡ
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һ㶣ԴСʳ˺ħ֮󣬱һֱ˳֮УΪղգһʱ仹˸ˡ
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ڵСѾ췭ظı仯ͨ˽һ㣬ȫķѾȾ˻ƽ֮ɫӲӵһƬҲ޴࣬˫˸ѪɫͫףƱԽˣһ˫ӣֱɱ˵
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ƷСѵ¶һЦݡ


1008 ڹ
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Ʒϲķɵ˿УСľӰǰǻϲСһεõ֮Ѿʽ񾳣Ϊޡ
ˡˣҿ˵ˣСĽеϲĶľ
㲻ҲԻûˣƷʵ
ܡСҡҡͷûеõԤڵЧ
ǺǣҲһرޣܻûΰɣֻҪԺٵõһĽҲͿˡƷ簲οЦЦ
ûϵģҸоͦõġСŪǿֵˣȻһܻûΣȴǶһ似ܡ
似ܣƷɻΪ档
ٺ٣¾˶÷ޡСԵЩӣӶһ˸
ʱŵһĻˡ
СӴӣǽ֮УǼСֱһСĽɫ򡣹ϵĽȥǽ˲ð޹⣬оһ鼫Ϊͨʯͷһ㡣
ȫסˣСǾ޴ӣôתۼһʯͷأҲʵ̫˼ˡ
Ʒ΢չǰƯĽʯ֮СƷ羪㵵ǣƷǿĻȻ޷ʯصϢ
ٺ٣ˣ˰ɣǲҲ޷ҵĴڣǽʯ˶СЦ
̫ˣȻҶˣѪħǾ͸˵ˡƷϲɫ˵СͽˣҵѪħǻٻʱﱣҰɣҴһЩ֮Ի㡣
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ҲãԺ󲻻вˡѪħЩһҲɷģԻȥǣƷݺݵ˵
ҪСģЩֶαɣǰ˾ЩСг˴һѵ
һСĵġƷһЦֳ˵м뿪ͽλˡ
˵գƷָ۹
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ص۶ƷֻǼһѩۣ򵥵˵һЩദ˻ֱӴ뷲˽𸮡
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̾Ϣһ˵ƷֵܣѾڰ֮ͣˣΨʱſǿﵽ񾳣˵Ҫ磬̸ף
Ǻǣа취ƷЦЦڿЦ
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ģԵüΪĳԾһϲ֮ɫ
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ԡƷ΢΢һЦб㲻ԳһŴӹ͢õһǿµ֮Ϣӿɢ˿Ľ⣬˲ѣ뷲˶۷ϢǸеĲ
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˸˵ж֣зģҲҪ׷Ʒ硣
ˣ£ǴǹʱһЭеĻǶܴﵽˡƷ˵
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Ѿ뵽ˣҲֻҪɱѪħǣе񡣲鼱ҵѪħֻʲôʱȽ⣬֮ҷʵǳкôҲǳ֮ǿ֮ˣиյĻҲԷȥħƷһɫ˵ѪħձɵֶΣƷ粻òǵʵ
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ˣұǿˣҾҲᱣôҡɫᶨ˵
Ǻǣ׼˵ĻͿʼɡƷЦЦֵջЩʹ࣬ǿǧҪסȻǰˡ
ɣû¹أЦ˲˵Ҳ޴ηˡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ˫һǿĻһصâ뷲ˡ
̣뷲˱㾲ı˫ۣľ״̬


1009 ʾ
˿̣뷲Ѿ׼ϣ
Ʒ˫һǿĻһϢǵԺС
ϢǳӴ󣬵еʱ뷲˶ӲһǱһ㣬Щ֮ǹӿԺеϢ𽥵
ǿǶƷ缫ΪΣеĴʹʼȥϢ
ϢԽǵԺѾʼֳǹϢò˵һǸе𾪵Ϣƺһȫµ硣
ȷʵһǳµĹϢпԵ֪Ʒ˵ı㲻ȫջǿֱе
þãϢϣƷҲջ˻
ţ뷲˴˹˫ۣԵüΪ𾪣ҲΪ˷ܡ
ƷЦǣ˵磬Сǵʶǳ⣬Ȼǹϵ񣬵ҲֱգͲҪǵˡ
ô˵Ŀͻˣɫʵ
λǳӴľ磬ȷʵͻ񾳡ƷһɫĻص
̫ˣھͿʼɣһȲӡ
Ʒ΢Цͷб̧˸Žֶĵݵǵǰֵһ񣬵֮ܲȻ鷳ҹлʹֻ࣬Ҫ̹ȥˣǿǵ֮ͬʱڽӵǵ
İɣʲôʹûܹġЦ
ҿ£һʹ㲻ʲô˻صϴһƱسΪǿߵľ⡣
ҾͷˡƷЦЦһӿһǿԪǿӿǵڣ֣ص˵磬ǿˣһҵάǡ
£뷲˱˫۽Ȼסǰͬʱһ񣡡
Ȼ֮䣬ƺһɾһ㣬ͻȻӿǿҵĽɫߣӿǵڡ
壬Ǳоһɾҵʹ࣬ǳܳܡ
ǿ
뷲˽һȻȶǿʹ࣬ʼӿ
䣡
ǿµĳǵ壬ǵ塣ڴ֮УǷǳʹġ
Ͼûǿ壬Ǿ޷ڡ
ƷԪҲǼάǣֹ⡣뷲˱ǿᣬ־Ҳǳˡ
еϵӿǵڣḶ́Ѿɡ
һ̣ǿȫµĸоʹҲȥ
ϲ֮УƷͻȻ˵ԺУ磬СǧͣȻҪ˷һεĻˡ
һϲ֮ģӿ
Ǻһ㣬ӿǵڣֱӱתΪ
ʱҫǿҵĽ⡣תΪ֮ȷʵɢһǿµħȫǺڹ֡
˵ʵƷ࣬Ϊħ֮壬ת֮󣬻Ϊڵħ
Ѿ԰ȵƷҲǷˣջԪվһߣ뷲ˣʱ̹۲ڵ״
ʱռУǶ㹻ʱ䣬ƷҲʱռǳκε⡣
˿еʱռѾȹµʱ䣬ǰѾһСҪմˡ
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۶֮УȺ𾪣оɫľ䣬ּϿմӰ𾪲ѡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦǿԪչһ޴Ԫ֣ס۶ƷԪ£۶Ǿ԰ȫġ
۶еǿߣһһ֡
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٣ҲǴһ򣬷ǳħߣֳԽԵԽҪͨĿ飬ͻƵħ֮Ҳ١
٣ǧѵһܴ
ˣˣļλϣһĻϲѡ
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ƷվһߣϷЦݡٿǿеġ֮нУҪԭʾ
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䣡䣡
֮Уɫʲһ׵磬˸šһΪףΪס
Ʒ˫һ׽ӦģΪ׽١н׽ٺףȴǳŷģħ֮ȷΪ죬ҪЩͷˡ
Ҳƺǿµĺ֮ŷ˵СֵܣħٲװǧҪСġ
лл΢΢ͷѣҲӡ
䣡
Уٴһ֮ضΪ֮һʹԪֵıӻǿĸоǹɲơ
ҲǼΪǵߵԺ֮У̧ͷƷǣΪǲ˽ٿ飬ΪϮǲѡ
٣ħ٣ôܣչ֮Уά˿㵲ѣоɲͬѰ׽֮׽ٵԴȥ
٣ѪħͬǾѡ
ˣǻħ𣿻᲻ǣħͬȻͻȻħٽ٣Ǻܲ𾪡
Ѿоˣǿħ٣۹Ʒ磬ЩһԽԽöԸˡѪħŭ
ˣô죿ҪҪȥħʵ
ȥʲôãߣǶλѣƷǼһĸǵɱƷ磬ЩҲûʲôֵвˣѪħɫݣȲᣬúñչأƷˣǲſнɱİգ
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ħӦ


1010 ǿɽ
ɴ۶е˶ĦɫľƷϿеʱ򣬵۶еҲǷˡ
ͻȻħ٣ȷʵ½ľ
ԶԶ޷񾳵ǿߣҲֻ̾ˣɼһνٵħ٣Ѿ˶ǿߵĽʼɡ
Сֵܣ׼𣿡ԵüΪ˷ܡ
ʱ׼šսⰻȻƺ׽ѾսĶ֡
ǺǣСֵܣɲʧŶϾܿħٿɱǿˡЦʵҲһεѷˡ
ҾԲʧҲʧԵޱȵţη塣
ƷЦ⣬ΪٵħƷֲͷųڵԪǿԪֵķ
ߣƷ磡һά˿ͻȻ֡
ά˿˲⣬ôľô᲻ά˿עأƷڣά˿ҲǾƲȥƻǵġ
ޣԭǽ٣ôҲأƷЦ
ά˿дϿһۣȻǺ׽٣аƷ磬ͻ񾳣Ҳǳְɣ
ǺǣǱչʱͻơƷ΢΢һЦ
Ҳ̫ɺ˰ɣά˿ԵüΪ˫ƷʵƷ磬ʵشңǲΪҸǿŻͻ񾳣
ôܣѾûʶ޷ô򵥵ĵŽҲ׵ġƷص
Ųţôɺϵ飬Сϻ˲ٵܡά˿Ʒ磬ÿμƷʱά˿ԵĪĺ
㶼˵ܣȻǲܸˡƷһЦ
Ʒ磡㣡ά˿
ʲôҿǸ˹㽻ģڿ״̬ҲƺͦõġƷٵ
ߣˣά˿һûӣƷ˵ǱĦܵÿ԰ɣۿ׽ٵ
УֻҪ⡣ƷνĻص
֪ΪʲôֻҪһʱ򣬾ֺĳ嶯ά˿ͻȻ˵
Ҳ֪ΪʲôֻҪһҸоǼ˰ĳ嶯ƷȤ
ס죡ά˿ߺ죬Ʒ٣ά˿ɲ֪жôѵƷ磬ֲ˼ҵĶ֡
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ôѵǽ͢ʥŮҲȤˣά˿ĵƷ硣
ֻ㣬˿ƷѣϣҪ˺顣ǽ͢µĻǿɱҷˡƷҡͷǿЦӡ
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ǾͺáƷЦЦ㱳˫֣ǡ
ߣƷһôԽԽѲ͸ˣά˿һϾ˴ǶħٸȤҲƷһͬš
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էһۿȥооһ˫޵һ㣬뷲ˡ
СֵܣҪˣеԵ׽٣Ǻ޾ɫ
˳ͷǿĺ׽٣˵ûѹǲܵġ
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ܵһ׵ĺһµӣǸоЩ֮⣬׽ȷʵҪǿڷࡣ
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Ǻǣǳĥܹܺ׽ٵĻԺǴ洦ôᵣأƷЦ
̡ά˿Ʒ硣
Լ̣ĳɳǰҲΪҵĸϾɱҲܳɳ𣿡Ʒ̰Ц
ߣø㳶̸ά˿Ʒ˵죬㲻ȥƷˡ
СƷά˿
˵ţе׽٣һ뷲ǵϺϮ
һΣ״ﵽʮȴﵽٵ
ʹ죡˷ܴЦƺΪ׵ϴЩ׵ĺĴǿǷǳкôġ
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ƷǲģǷˣƷٻǻЩģһֱڹ۲ŷ˵״óκ׵ĺϮ˵Ļǲġ
䣡䣡
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СаɣƷ紫
ģҾԻܹȥģ˾ǿĻص
ͣ㡣Ʒ
лл˻صŭϿմٶȹѹĺףĽеɣ־ͺң
ƺ֮ܵƣеѹ׵ԽԽǿ
ɲˡأһֱӻһӴĽӲӵ̾ڿգڵת
Ҳӣŭһ˫۳죬ֱӱħ֮壬ǿҵħ
ǿȱʱǿ˲١ά˿̾Ͽմѹ׵֮ά˿еη塣
ǺǣٵԽǿԺ洦Ż󡣸˵ʵɣʱҵٿ飬ǿѵһĽ׽٣ڿǿ˰ٱƷ絭ȻһЦ
׽٣ôܣôǿ٣Ϊڴ½лûжά˿˵ȻЩ̫Ʒ硣
ʱ㵱ȻûῴƷά˿
н׽٣ά˿ɫһ㵲ѣѹƷʵɳԽԽֱ̬ͲѰսĥ
䣡䣡
һ֮£һθ࣬Ҳǿ
Ȼ˹ȥǲкһѾǿʼǰǰˣࡣ
˱ħһµĺ׺֮£ϵĻħֱӱݻ٣ʹĴһӾҵĲš
еģһеģԵ˵ľǿٴڵħ
Ʒ磬Сһ첻ˣæ𣿡ά˿ʵ
һеġƷص˫۽ʹеķˣĹСֻһΣɵҪŹȥ
һһǿǵϣռ䶼˺˿
¿֮Ŀ˳µ׽٣ҲǿõľǴ˵е٣ǼֱͲ˵Ŀ顣


1011 
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ըһ㣬һȺӵĺ¡
뷲Ѿǿ״̬ȥ׽٣ԵúǱѲ֮ǰǰˡ
ʱѾ˿ǧ׵ĺҲ콫βˡ
ˣҵüȥһľ⣬ͦǾ޴ҫиŲ
˿ɾûôˣ˽ǧĺףѾԲˣԵúǱ֮⣬Ѿ˺ü˺ۣǱ˵ġ
ǣ˿ɲΪڵķĺףҲŸչһѣһĺףҲĺŷˡ
û취ħ֮ʵ̫ˣûжԷ˽½׽Ѿǲˡ
׽ԽǿĺôǺܴġڵһĺ׺֮󣬷ܵҲҪǿࡣ
ȻָܴĺÿһֵĻָ֮Уǿŷ˵壬ڵħҲǱԽӵŨʵ
ά˿Ϊǿߣޱȵĺ׽֮ҲǾֱֵʿˮǻԼµһʱԼҪˡ
Ʒ磬СһܲסˣĻҪԹ𣿡ά˿ͻȻʵϾ׵ĺʵ̫ǿˣÿһĺǿߵһ׽ٻȺԵĺʢ
Ǻǣ̫СħˣǺ׽ٶѣСֵܹĻҲõһεͻơƷ΢΢һЦ
ߣǱ͵ҪСһôֵס׽٣ά˿һһӡ
ģСһȥġƷ簵ŷˣǿǿǿħ֮ӵеǿ֮ġ
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硣ƷЦЦɹȹ׽٣Ⲣ⣬屾ʱʵѾ˳λôֵ׽أ
ڣ֮Уһſʼɢȥ֮Уһδ֪µĹ֮һʥĽâٶ£֮С
ǽϴ֮Уԭܴ壬ٵĻָţǵõ׵Ĵǰǿʮ
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˶٣ֵƷ磬׽ͬ죬ĲСֵ𣿡
ֻẦ׽ٶڿħ֮Ĵ洦ΣСҪȥƷޱ˵˵Ʒ̣ƷйٿᣬǺкôġ
ϣСֵ֧ȥͷǿµĺס
˿̣˫۳죬ƺ˷״̬һ㡣
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ٵĺףǲѿĽۼһ㣬ŷ˵ݺݵϮ
ҰްĿһڱǿħӭЩ׳ȥ˫ȭֱû뵽˾սס
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СֵܣҿɳɹͨٿˣɲʧͻȻе
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˲нһһÿһμҪּǿͦӣŭӲź׵ĺ
ڣά˿ЩĲˣƷȴһĮӣվһߡ
Сֵܡ̾һڷĺ׽٣ҲֻܸеΡ
¿֮˿˳һº׵ĺڷ˵ľǿҲˣλ֪񼶿ߣѾӮ۶˵𾴡
䣡䣡
׻ڷĽ䣬ÿһζǿվ˺ۣж֪˼Ѫ
ڣһ׽ٵʱ
ڵֵסҽһ˫һգԶ䡣
Сֵܣһ
ʱһӰ˹ȥƷ硣
СĺܰƷĽס˷ˣϿմɢȥؼ֮Уһǿħӿڷ˵壬ŷ˵塣
ģڷ˵ؿ棬պսһ̺Ӵħħ
ûѾɹͨ˺׽ٵ飬ΪǿߣֻǷħҲȡڷ˱ħʵԭ
˳ɹͨ˺׽ٵĿ飬۶һƬ̼㴫һƬ֮ζ۹ֽһλȫµǿߣػ۹


1012 Ԫ
ħ񣬽ǿߣһȶλ֮ٽͻƵıԵǺ׽ٵĺôڷ˽ĳɳ洦
γһ㡣
СҺοΪĳɹˡƷЦЦο
ллࡣ˸мεĴƷվӡ
СֵܣҴһҪǻҵĻ»ŲȥءЦڷ˵ǿ֮Ҳ
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ǺǣϲλʵףԺͬȵλˡά˿ЦֻЦúǿ
ȥһΣƷЦʡ
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ǺðɣͲͽˡƷ˵
ûôǡά˿һ
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Ʒ硣ԭе
ףȽ˵ɡƷЦЦֻͷſѩ˿˵ȣ˿ǣмǳҪ顣

ԭ΢΢ͷ漴˿֮С
Ʒһ룬ԭֵ̿Ķ˵ˣλ͸ˡ
ϵ⣬ԭҶ
ԭ֣ؿˡ˵ҵĳأϾƷѾֵ֮ƷֵܵĸסһЦ˴λ¡
ѩ˿ҲѣԱźǣ¡
ԭβѣֲΥ˼ֻλϡҲֻƷߵЩˣеλϣƷ粢޽˼
ԭ²Ʒ˷ͬСɣʵƷ磬ǲǹĸ׵飿
Ʒ˵ͷ޺޵˵ĸ׵鲻ˣҾȥһħ
һˣôУԭһǡ
ǰǸһȥ𣿡ѩ˿˵ȻĬһ˫ȴǽĶƷ磬˵ǡ
Ѫħֶβ̣ھȻԷ֣Сص۶ǷģоԵİվȻĸסƷһɫ˵
ԭȻˣͷһҪȻĸףҲǧҪСġ
ġƷֵˣǰȥħ֮ǰΪ˰ȫҾ׺ǵʵ鷳ˣҲԺúñԼһͬ

ԭסˣҲǼΪ⣬ʱ㹻˵ģԭ뿨ǵʵʵ̫ˡ
ʱռ㹻ʱ䡣Ʒ˵
Ʒ磬ǵĺӡԵЩǣϾһֱƷߣƷıӻǶѾ÷ǳˡ
ǺǣʱչˣİɣûµģҲһѡƷЦԴѪħʹЩɵֶ֮ƷѾǳҪԼŮʵ
ǰλãǽǾˣҪ˸ӣҵһ
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Ŀÿѩ˿̵ģȴǺϲ
֮󣬿ȱǺðɣҲҪԼúñǡ
Ҳȡѩ˿ŵ
ߣҵʵǿĸҲرħǼһˣҲҪǿԭһľ⣬ԵĻԭҪֽħ졣
²˳٣ھͿʼɡƷ˵˶٣ֶ˵磬һ죬ͽˡ
ţѩ˿Խ˯ĺӣСĽǵϡ
ƺúܳأ˵İɣһУǾǻҲܵκε˺
ллƷмһЦ̱㽫ԭŮ𸮡

һ̣ƷԭŮһĿռСһɹصİƺ̺һɿµϢ
Ʒ磬ʲôطʵ
ǺǣԪתռ䡣ƷЦ
Ԫתһ㶣ȫ
Ԫ򵥵˵һȫµϵҲ˵еԼ壬תκԵԽƷ˵
ԽԭǾ㵲ѡ
ǵģ˵ǾԱܡףǿɶҵˣҾԲܵκε˺Ʒ˵
ô˵ĻҲԳΪǿߣѩ˿ʵһֱﶼܾԼƷ磬˵ǿǲܵġ
ǵģԿԱǿѪħǣƷ˵
̫ˣȽ㣬ԺƷҲԲô鷳ˡѩ˿ſȵϲЦ
Ǻǣ𼱣ԪתĻڵ˵ǱȽʹģǿҪȥһǵġƷѵ
ֻҪܹǿνԭݺݵ˵ڷưȵȥһֱԭ߷߲ʡ
ǾͿʼɡƷԼˣƷ統ȻĵĴڣҲǿǵԭŮİȫ
Ʒ磬ʵΪ벻ף㸴֮󣬵ʲôԭͻȻʵЩƷĳɳԭеķʵ̫Զˡ
ǺǣʲôֻҪĺӣⲻ͹ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ԭ£ҵĶӣԭɫĶӡ
ʼɡƷɫʾԭŮ¡
̣ԭŮϥ۽뾲״̬
ţƷ˫һصİʼһɹɵ⣬ǿԭǵڡ
Ԫ壬ݻȡԭе
䣡
ƺһ죬ԭŮ˲оһɿµĽԭеݻ١
ʹ֮УǾֲѡ
£ûµģúȶֻҪ֧һͿˡƷ紫±㽫ķԭǵԺУֵŷúԪ
ԭǶƷβѣǿԪʹ࣬ضǿǿʼӿԪ
Ʒ羲վһԣʱ̹۲ԭǵ


1013 
𲽵ľǿԪڣͱλ׵ʵ
˿̣ԭŮżʹ࣬־ᶨҲΪԺ󲻳ΪƷ׸ҧţԪ
ڣԪѾԭеԪת֮Уԭǵʴƺǿѩ˿óżʹࡣ
Լԭǵɫھҵĳ鴤ţԵüΪʹӣ˺ˮҪȫԪøΪʹĴۡ
ƷȻв̣Ϊ˱Լ˵İȫҲΪԺҪٵ⣬ΣԼĸŮʵʵΪڽ˷֮ص飬Ʒܻܿѡ硣ǽĻûһʵԹ
ʱԪӿ룬ԭǵ壬Ҳƻн飬ʹǳܡԭǲͬŶԼ򵥵˵ΪԺ󲻳ΪƷ׸ʹҪҲȥ
ףȣ˿Բ𣬲̫̣˵ʵ̫ˡƷ簵˵ԼĸŮɫʹ࣬ƷҲܣƷûѡ
亹͸ԭǵ壬ɫԵüΪĲ԰ףΪǿ͵־ˣõˡ
ڣԼĪ˽ʱ䣬ԭڳɹڵԪתֻΪǱʵתԪ֮٣򵥵˵ԶԶδܴﵽԪ֮ˡ
ɣԭһһ˹һµجһ㣬亹ֱȥ۲ڵ״ԺӿȫϢȷʵ𾪲ѡ
ò˵ʵ̫ˣԪһֱӿԽ񾳣Ƕô̬Ĺ
Ʒ磬⡭ԭѣȻ̫š
Ǹ˵ȻԭеħѾʧȥˣԪȴǱħ֪ǿжٱ
ǺǣףѾɹڵתΪԪԪǻ̫ԶˣһΪȶھתʱռ䣬һһϰƷЦ˵ǱȽġ

ԭͷоԪǿȲҪȥˡ
ʱռİƷ綼ԭŮԪףЧǺܴ󣬵ԭʵԱǿߣѩ˿Ԫ֮Ҳʽʥס
ԪĿ̫֮ˣԪھǱλ׵ǿߣԪתΪκεԡ밮ˣƷԲᱣܡ
ۣ
ڴԺ֮Уһ֮
һĻ˿ЦõһĻ
û뵽ȻƷӸסˣڷ˿ţʹʲô޷Ӱ
Ȼֻһ죬һֱǶꡣ
Сֵܣ˵޾ôչءΰ˵
ֻһ죬Ҫôڼ죬ҿܲˡ˳̾
˵ţƷϤͻȻǺǣΪˡ
䣬ƷԭͶŮ
һƷǣΪϲֽѰĸоˡ
Ʒֵܣǻ̫ˣ˵ʵǻչ˲ˡüͷ˵
ǰҲ̫ˡ˸ε˵
ˣǽǰɡȱǣѩ˿һͬӣ˵ɲɣôһСǻ治ˡ
˵⡭һơ
磬ͱˣСǾϲճǡƷȤ
Ҳǣʡڡҡҡͷԭǣȥ㵲ѣԺĸоԭŮϵѾȫ˱仯
ԭ֣ǣһȣȻЩ͸ԭˡ
ؾȣҲֻЧԭЦԪԭϲһȫǿµ
ƷֵܣԽԽˣôŶ̶һʱ䣬ԭǳɳ֮졣𾪵
Ǻǣû취ΪҸ׻Ժİȫұ۶ǵ鷳ˣҲȥħˡƷ˵
Ʒ磬ҵĸסԭһɫ
׷ģѪħҪңǾԲ˺ĸ׵ġƷص
ˣƷ磬£йаġɫ
˵Ʒ
а𣿡ʵ
ǺǣаһҲ٣Ҹҿ϶˵аϼһǱҸˡƷЦ
ƷֵܣаǼһＫΪƻһͬԸʱ˶Ϊˣû뵽аһﾹȻšǿɶħˣħط࣬ǧҪСġ֣µ˵
˼ǣаܻûƷ粻ʵ
Ҳֻǲ²⣬кܴĿܣɲòĻص
ʵûҶ£ڵĵǻʹյֶߵˡƷ΢΢ͷԷ˵Сڰ۹ǱҪȥæɣҵǻŵĵ֡
۶˵
ʲôأһظ
Ǻǣǰͷȥɣ뿪֮ǰһԵ۶ģҵȥҪ㶫ƷЦ
ʲôֻҪ۹еģҲ϶С˵
ҪħһҪﵽʥƷģҪţֲͬԣУƷʵ
ɫΣ˼ĻصûУȻϲʯ֮ЩħЩûղС
û£ǱӦУȥһˣͽˡƷ˰ֶ֣Է˵С㼴̰̾ɣҵЩ⡣
ǣ
Ӧڵһ±㼱ڰ۹ķȥ
סƷԭۿѩ˿ЦǷģҾԲܵκε˺
Ҳúǵĺӡ
Ʒ磬ӦңһҪȻذ衣ѩ˿˵⡣
ģκ˶˺ߵˣƷݺݵսȭͷ˵
ɫĶӣΪ㣡ԭһصĴƷļ򣬲̾ϧΪʵ̫ȻĻҿ϶һͬȥħȻĸף
ף֪ܲܣҴӦ㣬һὫĸ׵ǼһúøƷ޺޵˵
ԭصͷ
ƷһЦߵЩˣͻȻƷԼϵκأжأƷ綼ģԻᱣֵѡ
߱ɱħжôǿĵˣƷԲη


1014 Ԫ
۶ܵ˴ĴˣһƬ档
۶ڵĻʹҲ⡣
ʱѩڵʿдʼڶԻʹһεؽ
ɣؽ֮УǷǳʹġ
Ϊʹݻ٣˵ЩӴĽȺܲأ˳еЩ֮⣬ʹҲ
ڣѩĬĬĽŻʹؽ
ȻƷն֣²мĵ۶ʹβã˲صⶼΪƷġѪħ֮˷ıҪԭƷϡ
ಡһ
Ʒ˻ʹƾֵѩǵǰ
ѩָؽͻȻƷվԼǰʵһ
ѩסˣΪ⡣
Ǻǣۣһ۹ĻʦƷһЦ
áãѩ˵֣˸Щ⣬Цʵ˿ðɣ
ܺãھڼᱣ˿ġƷص
Ǿͺáѩͷоһ̣ѩѾһλ߸ϵĴֻۣһλͨķ˶ѡ
ʦ
ɺ˹
λؿƷЦЦܱһۣ̾û뵽Ѫħǵֶξ˲̣ҵʧߣû۹Ϊʦһְ
ǧô˵Ҫ㼰ʱϻĻ۹綼Ѿˡѩ۳ʹ˵
Ϊ˲ٳѾһ۶ķֻҪ۽輸Ʒ˵
ʲô裡ֻҪʦڣҾ㾡۹⣬Ҳþİѩۺԥ˵
Ҳ㾡⣬⼸һʱҪҲȽ鷳ͷҲȫɴ͸۽ˡƷЦ
ʦ˵ѩۼ
ҪֲͬԵʥҪ۶вһ󣬿Էֹ֣ӦСƷصϾƷûӵֲͬԵʥ
Уе㲻ףʥ𵽶ãѩɻ󲻽⣬ɺҲһɻȻǶ󷨲˽⣬ڲǿĻĵħǷǳ޴ġ
ȷʵҪǧʥܷӳƷص
ǧţ
ѩǳԾĵɴ˫ۡ
ʦֻжʮʥǧſ¡ѩβѣȻҪ۶İȫͶʵ̫޴ˣͲʵ֣ѱ½Ҳûôʥ
ǺǣֻۣҪžͿˣڿУƷЦʡ
һЩҪĶѩ΢΢ͷ̱еĿռžʥǲֵͬԡ
̫ˣƷֽӹʥ
ʦʥķʵ̫Զˡѩε˵
Ǻǣ˵Ѿ㹻ˡƷŹһЦֱӱ㽫ʥ𸮸ƿռУƷڵ˲佫Щʥһѳ
ţƷɺ˵ɺųмҪĲ°æ
Эʦǵʿҡɺֵ
̣Ʒбһᣬݹɺ˵ʱ׼ģиõ㡣ǵʿŽǾӢܹ׼ȷÿһ㡣
ɺصĽӹǾᣬϸһǧٸ㣡ʥ
УУƷֹһЦһӣֱӱ±ֳ˶ѻɽʥӴʥ֮Ƭʹ

ѩ𾪲ѣǰͻȻֵĳɶʥһǲŰӡôתּƷ˶ʥоһ㡣ƾʲƸ̻ҲҪԶԶ¡
ʦ⡭ѩ۾㵲ѣǰһĻʵ̫ˡ˵Ļ֮ɶѵʥֱС׼ˡ
ԶˣɶѵʥһĿ࣬ó⡣
űɺƷ粻ɴȤһЦǺǣɺųڻʲô𣿡
ûû⣬ҡȥ졣ɺͰ͵Ӧе𾪾þ޷ƽ
²˳٣鷳ɺųˡƷ˵
ǣʦ
ɺӦ㻽˵ʿŵоӢ£ɫù˵϶ѻɽʥȻƷõ㣬ʼȥЩʥ
ЩˣӴĲƸǱһɶǻʦĶǸ̰֮ģ˭Ҳ˽ء
ѩۻδѹƷбһһʥЦǺǣллˣЩͻɡ
ѩһæֵ۹ĶʦǧҪ
۷ģⶫҪУѵǡƷӲظѩۡ
ѩ۱úˣղƷǸԼҪʥôתۼŪһѳֻظԼ
߼¾ǻˣɡ
ƷЦ⣬վԭصɺȥе㡣
ѩɻѣ̲֮סʵʦȻʲô󷨣˵ĻӦҲҪǧŰɣǲе˷ˡ
ȷʵҪô࣬Ԫ󣬲õķΧȽϴҪӳǿķǿȣ͸պõҪǧʥǳɹĻ´ѪħٴҲľܻٵ۶ƷһŵĻص
ЩѩһжƷΪǿߣû۹ǿȥΪ˱۹
лл㣬ʦҴ۹л㣡ѩһ׼
ۣ㣡Ʒæס׼¹ѩۡ
ʦǧܾΪ۹ģҲ֪Ϊֻһ򣬱ʾ۹ĸѩ˵
ˣδȥŮĵҪǽˣ˿ɲŹңƷֵ̿
ѩ۸мѣ̾һЦǺǣ˿ܹ㣬۹ĸ
ۼЦˡƷһЦѩ˿ԼİˣƷǳ۹Ʒô۹ܵء
úɺЦǺǵĸ˻ֵʦѾķԸúˡ
鷳ˡ
Ʒ˫һǿĻ˲串ס۶ǧʥõ㶼Ѿ׼ȷķźλá
ţƷڿն𣬻ס˵۶趨ǧħڵԪӿ
ԪƷԪ
ԪԾԷЩƣʥתΪԪ㣬֮ѭγһԴԴϵԪܵ룬Ԫж˲γǿķԪ
Ԫ󣬲˵Ե赲ѪħǵĻûлһʱ䣬ҲƻԪ󡣶Ԫл̺һɿµĻǿйĻܵһķЧ
ʱƷڵԪת֮ʱ۶˲㱻һǿϢ֣ҫ۵İ׹⣬ֱס۶
˾֮ʱϿմƷӰ֮ʱѡ
Ʒɫ࣬ȻԪԺѾģ˺ܾˣҲҲʣÿһļƷ綼ΪСġ
ڣ˺ܾãԪ󹦸ɡ
ԪΪǧ㣬ǧ㣬γǿԪһ޴͸ɫԪ֣ʵʵĹס۶
ˡƷһ¿մɫ㵵ѩ۵ۣѾɣ۶ؽ԰ȫˣһ£뿪ˣ
˵գƷֱȥ
Ʒȥ֮ѩǻǲĹҲǱʾƷм۹ػ


1015 ǿ
˿̣ڹʥ֮УֳƷӰƷڵǱ͢⡣
ƷٴεŰݷãƷˣֱӾʥء
£һӰ˹ǽȻڿգΪõĶƷ硣
ȻǶ֪ƷȣΪ͢ǧİ˹ǾǼƷ磬Ҳη塣
Ʒ磡ʲô£˹ֱӽʵ
ߡƷһȥЩСɫ
㣡˹ŭѣȴֲҶƷ綯֡һƷǹ͢ѣ˼һƾͿԼⲻû¡
ͻȻһ𣺡ֵõǳԣǶҹȥ
˵գά˿˳۽Ʒ磬ŭ
˹ǲΥά˿˼һȥŭƷ硣
Ʒ磬Ͳܸ㱾ӡά˿ŭ˵
ǺǣѾܹĻˣѵʲô𣿡ƷƤЦ˵
ά˿޵ֱҧߵߣΪ£
ŹһôˣصҪ˵ġƷ˫Ц
ʲôˣά˿˫Ʒ硣
׵ġƷ˵
˵˭Ҫ˾Լȥά˿䵭Ļص
ǸɡƷ粻ΪȻЦЦ
㻹ǹ͢Լһһˣ𣿡ά˿Ʒ硣
ⲻѵ㲻֪Ҫ˭𣿡ƷЦ㲻ά˿ֱʥзȥֱά˿ֱҧֺŸȥ
Ʒĵطǹʥвþ֮ء
ڲþΧһƬµСɭ֣Сɭ棬һλ࿡ɫ꣬ƺڵȴʲôʥܵļϡ
ûƷڹʥصĵһ壬Ϊαݡ
𣡡
ƺоİ˵Ľӽʥܲһ
⼸ʥܳɳҲܿ죬ŨϢĹʥأʥܽ׵ʥڡֻʥܻϲճƷ磬Ȼ˭Ҳӽ
⼸Ҳʥܡֻ粢ˣƷĵһѡ
СܣҪˣ뿪ɡ˵
ʥԵЩᣬǺܹɵɭȥ
ˡЦЦС
ಣ
Ʒά˿Ӱֵǰ
繧ĳά˿һ񣬲Ʒ磬ԵüΪĹ졣
ƷǰġԼоվһ㡣һ飬ǲܱ¶ȥģƷҲά˿۵ð
ά˿£ƷʵҪ磿
ûҵѧƷص
ʦƷʺʵΪͬһˡ
ѧʦά˿㵵ĵɴ˫ۣɫһߵðѾµˣȻĹϵǳ߱㽫簲ҽ͢ʲôı
ıƷΰҡҡͷһԩƵ˵Ըߵģұģ㡭
㣡ά˿ȷʵԼǿд͢õƷȷ֮󣬲֪ƷΪλᾯԼڰ˿ˣԭƷѧ˵ߣǲѧѾǹ͢ˣԲԴ
츳Ǽߵģά˿ò׵õˣǲҰװ׵ͳ
ǺǣģûҪȫ磬ⲻǹѵ㲻ʵȻΪǹ͢𣿡ƷջЦ
ߣ𵱱ɵӣԭˣҪǿˣΪԸڹ͢𣿡ά˿ߵ
ҿԸŵҶƷ˵
ҲÿԸԸ⡣ά˿硣
Ǻǣǽ͢ʥŮô뿪أƷ΢΢һЦ
ʦദЩʱգҶġͻȻ˵
ά˿Ħ˻ðɣƷɵüţҪ粻ĻǾݹֱ
һһƷЦЦʵҿԽ˴˰ɣ
ʧ㡣ά˿ݺݵ˦ͷ
Ʒ̲סȤָɰˡ
˵꣬ƷϽ͵ƵĴ磬ʧ
Ʒ磡ˣά˿죬ݺݵֱš
Ħֵά˿ǰά˿СŮ̬㵲ѡ
ʲô£ά˿ŭδ
̡ƷΪʲôأĦʵ
˭֪ά˿һ
ĦվԭأֱòŷӦ

ʱƷѾ뿪˹͢Լĵһ𸮷ռС
ϥƷЦЦһӣ㻯Ʒԭģ
ΪƷĵһ壬ӵеʶƷһˣеƷǰ
Ǻǣҵĵһѣ˭Ҳ벻ɡƷһЦ
磬ȻΪƷĵһ壬꣬ʵδнƷһںϡ
Ϊʲôأ
һ壬ӵƷһҲ˵ƷĵһԴﵽԪڵʵ֮ĻҲԴﵽԪڵʵ
˴ΣΪ˶ԸѪħǣƷǽصĵһ嶼ˡ֮ǰСĵڶ壬ֻӵƷķ֮һڶѾˣһʱſڶ塣
ߣѪħңξͿôǣƷһ
ɣƷչڣҡͷά˿湻ݵģȻҵһⶫ
ⶫҲά˿ǱڵӣҲӵĻά˿һ˲硣
ά˿ڵӣƷɵı㽫Ĩȥ
̣Ʒһ˫һչֱӻһ׹⣬ڽƷڡ
һ壬ɹ塣
Ʒֵ֮ǣƷڵԪ־Щ壬ƷĺôҲͦ洦ġ
ϲ֮£Ʒ˫һռڣԺʶ֮Уʼһ塣
ģƷڣһװ׵ǴƷǿз뿪һ㡣ǰڶ͡
̼䣬ǰ㻯ƷģòƣȫͬһˣֻǵһʵҪƷһ룬һ룬ħκһˣҲǺˡ
Ʒǿ塣
ǰġԼƷ羹ЦǺǣû뵽Ҿ˵һȣѷɫ
һ壬ǻˣΪܹбԵһνħĽƷּʱռʼһͬ
ʵռķһǳµĹܣǾ岢ͬǵõЧ˫Եġ


1016 Ѫħٷ
Ʒĵһ壬ȷʵƷǿķ壬Ϊ˷ľǿƷʱռ￪ʼŽгõ
ҪҲΪʵбǴռԪ洢洢Ԫ͵һϡ
ʵƷǿһʵҪԭΪ˽ԼĸסϾѪħ̫Ϊƻ˼ҵĵϣƷһ壬ſܰȻԼĸס
ȻƷҲųֵʱ䡣ȻĸУƷ֪ѪħǾԲ˺ԼĸףƷҲֵܱĹڽԽѪħǵĹơ
ĸףúţܿͿԾˣƷݺݵķģҲһѪħҲһ˽ʱˡ
ʱռƷһ嶼ھĵڵλãڵ۶еĸ߿С˵ƷԲ뿪۶
۶֮Уأæµ졣Щ棬ȻʽʼؽĹ
Ʒڵ۶رǿԪѩǿԺܰȻĽŵ۶ؽ˶ææµµģؽԼļ԰
λϣҲصڼ壬Ҫ𱣻ڼ˵İȫӻڼʷܵߴ
ԭ뿨ԴϰԪֻ֮Ҫǿ֮ʱ̳ʱŬʵٳΪƷ׸
ԭ۶еؽھȻĽš
ͻȻڵ۶еϿֳ֮һѪɫӰ
ûѪħ
ֻڵѪħѾȥۣ¿еĵ۶ŭѡ
СôѪħһ㶣оƷ粢ڵ۶
֪ΪΣƷ粻ڣѪħ¿аȻؽеĵ۶ѪħԽԽˬȻְ˺⡣
ֻǣֵǣѪħ۶棬ƺоһرǿֻǸоȴ֪״治ڡ
ǣѪħڵ۶ǱһλǿߣϢȻϢҪǿ࣬Ѫħû
ǺǣƷοġѪħһЦӴаֿʼӿֲϢа죬ư˲ס۶

һ̧ͷȥѪħӰ
ãѪħȺѩǸɫ䣬Ʒ粻ڣѪħһĻ۶ܳܵ
ɣŭѣһɫ⣬ֱڼϿմȥ
˲䣬ӵϿеѪħӴаѾתϣŭѪħס֣
ס֣ûʸѪħɫһѾõӴаĳŵ۶еķȥ

ŭȥϧѪħĹƻǿһ롣
Ӵµаѹ£۶ٴ˾־֮С
Ʒ磡л֮Ҳ۹ˣѪħЦһޱȡ
ʱӴаӿѹ֮ʱ۶֮⣬һ޴İɫͽȻ̺ĽʵʵĹס۶
䣡
аԪ֮Уǿһ𣬾ǻΪһƬ㣬һɿµķֱ֮Ѫħ˻
ʲôѪħ㵲ѣûüӦбܵǿҵɫֵ˻ȥ
γѣ۶Ȼİɫ֣˾С
ԪԪ󣡡ѩɫĽе۶еҲֹסϲ
ԪȷΪ£ȻȵĵסѪħһ
ߣƷ磡㾹Ȼһ֣ΪⶫܵסЦѪħһŭѡ
ҲǾ˻Ȼ֪ǰɫΪΪµ󷨣ȻܹסѪħĹҲԷһƴˡ
ѪħĶңŭһǿҵĽⱩֱӻ屾ҫŽĻƽ̾ᵱա
ôͻȻǿôࣿѪħ㵲ѣŹ죬û뵽Ȼͻˣʵ̫ˡ
ߣɶƳģڿɲҵĸױǽˣҪЮңȻˣ˵һһ޴˿γƣлһǿҵĽɫ⣬ŭȥ
ôǿҲֻλѣѪħΪмֱһƣһǿа۳һѪɫݺݵ˹ȥ
޾ɫֱצצгǿҵĽâһצУ׺ݵĶѪɫץ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ռѶǿĽצǿ˺ѪɫǱըȴǽ˻ȥ
Ѫħڿգĵ֮Ҳûﵽλľ磬Ҳ̫Сʵˣ
ٷϻŭһѪħ̸һչ֮˳ȥɫ⻮ռ䱻ѡ
ѪħһĳһƣͽȻһɿµаͬ˰ѹ
ʢβݺݵɨȥ
䣡
ѪħһصĻǾβϣ޴ĹⲨֲ嫵ľ磬ŰΪ۶ԪӻȻѳܲס޴ĳ٣Ҳڵ۶е˿ĿõϿоĶǵ֮
λϣǲѣȻ֪ľˣԴﵽλн֮Ѫħʵ̫Զˡ
أ
ֱѪħһƸ˳ȥ
ţѪħɫһ˵ߣȻҪǱͳȫ㣡
͵ģѪħһһֳצǿµаɱڵȥ
һǿѹԶ

λɫ䣬۶еҲǾֲѣ˿̵Ѿھ֮С
ಣ
ѪħӰǰѾ޴㾹֪Ǿݹֱˣ
˵գѪħһȫͷػ˹ȥ
ۼһƾҪ֮ʱ
ž޴ͫҲ챩ͻһΣԷˡ

Ѫħһһȥ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
ѪħһƼ֮ʱһǿĽͻأϮϤֱ֮ӵѪħǰǶѪħؿǶ߰˹ȥ

Ѫħɫ䣬ҷӦÿ죬еаһߵǿµĽһ߼ˡ
䣡
ǿԵĽֱӽѪħеаݻ٣޾Ʋռã˵ನص֮С
Ѫħ㱻˵֮Զŭǰ
պգ˫ӵע֮£ƷǸߴӰ϶˫̤ϣֶĽԶѪħ


1017 ̣ħ
·𣬼Ʒʱһеⶼӭжһ㡣
ѩǼƷ֣ϲѣƷĴڣ۶͸ȫˡ
Ʒֵܣˣ㣬ղŻҪҵ˵ѪħղŵһǾ¡
ǺǣģһֱڡƷЦ
һֱڣⲻں𣿡һưӡ
ɱᣬҿ֪Ѫħĳ޺ⲻôú÷йһ𡣡Ʒæ͵ѹûѪħ
ڷйˣðҺúýѵһŭѪħ
ƷͷͷѪħг˼µɱ⣬ޱ˵Ѫħû뵽ǹĲ˳ʺȻԵ۶֣׼
ƷԷ̣ѪħˣߣƷ磬һףɲħǴôúơչԸһϢĸĻվħռӰĻ͵ĸʬɣ
ģһ׼ʱ˳ǵʬƷĻص
Ҫ㻹жѪħһ̱㻯һڹ⣬ڿա
ƷѪħȥķ򣬺ݺݵսȭͷܺã͸Ƕһ죡
ǰƵʵƷֵܣղŰһ˲Ǹãôˣ
Ѫħ˵һﲻôúŪɱħеĸҲħҲðաƷҡͷѪħȻҹȻص۶ƣȻºֵ׼
죿ȥħĻǸ㡣ҿһͬȥһħɡ˵ΪƷİȫ
ǺǣأơƷһЦƷһܣ½֮У»û֪أοѪħǡ
ƣ棬̲סʵ˵˵
ǺǣԻߴɡƷЦ
СӣȻ綼ñܣԵüΪΡ
ˣ磬ȥɣȻǿҪˡƷ˵
ţƷǱӭ˫Ŀ⣬ڼ֮С
ʱԭŮǣѵȺڴԺУƷǻϲѣЦӯӯӭȥڼλϵˣƷʱʱ̶һݾη֮ġ
˭뵽һڼ˶ʢĻԻλ
⴫ƷǱһͬ˴Уˣƾݾֹ˵Ʒ硣
ڼ棬ƷòˣһֻǹϵԼס˶˽ĵģƷҲ⡣
£ԭͬελϡ
Ʒ磬ղſĺգΪѪħǼһҪóءû뵽㾹Ȼܵڵ۶ǿ󣬾ΪסˡԭЦǺǵ˵
ѪħֶαɣѾϵˣξ͸һħ֮ʱػὫ˸úƷ
Ʒ磬ľȥħ𣿡ʵɫǡ
һȥƷһᶨ
ûзԣҾǶһ˵ĻҲа֡˵
ǰͰ裬ԲԳ£ҪһͬǰȥҲиӦܹԼġѩ˿˵
ǺǣǷģʺϵİˡƷЦЦ
֣һ㶣ʣƷֵܣ˵ֵĻ֮⣬˭
ҵİ֣ԼƷЦøӹŹ֡
ǻһˡƷ硣
Ʒҡҡͷ˦һ
ţ˾㵵ǣڴ֮УպֳһӰ
ȥȴ׵ľסˡ
ûǰֵƷ硣ȻǶ֪ƷзĴڣǰ壬ƻƶȫһ
˾ǣǰƷ磬ʵǿȫ͸
ƷֵܣǣȲѣƷԽԽˣѾȫ֪
Ǻǣǿķ壡ƷЦ
ǿķ壿סˡ
ûҵռӵз֮ÿһεķ֮ͬǰСֻҵĵڶ壬ǰλҵĵһ壬Ҳǿķ塣Ʒ˵
Ʒ磬ĵһ岻ǣƺ뵽ʲô۽Ʒĵһ塣
Ǻǣǰڹ͢ģⲻȥ˹͢ΪҪҵĵһ塣ƷЦ
ôһƺӦ˹ʣƷֵܣ˼ǣ
Ǻǣһ壬ҲңѪħǲҪҵһΣҪݺݵĴǴֲƷհЦ
ãⲻҲоˣԭϲЦ
Ʒֵܣķ֮Сʱħ̹ѪħǼһյĺܣҪСġѵ
ģһΣһҵĵһŪ÷ǳѪħǾԲˡƷһЦ˴ħһУƷҲڱصá
ˣһ㣬֪ħ׼ȷλ𣿡ʵ
ǺǣҵҵССħ󲻳⡣ƷЦ
ˡҡͷ
磬ôƷɻ⺣򲻾ǲ࣬ƷǿĻҵħӦ˵ûʲô⡣
ںɲͬڴ½ں֮УźϣɱСϣ֮żơħٹأ˵˵иԵģλúѰȥѰħһֱټҾҵħϹħǿħ󣬴˴һУ»м鷳ҵĵĲ㣬ǵķ¶һ˵
鷳ҲȥұþȻĸסƷһ⣬磬Ҫ֪ħĴŻΧһѪħǺ޲ǰȥҵħѡ
Ϻ׵һֱߣˡص
ʱ䲻ھ̳ƷͻȻ
ȵȣסƷ磬֣صѵһǳҪǾǱԽϺߣǺΧɲǺǵԱϲҪ鷳
֪ˣлл硣Ʒ
Ʒ硣
ͻȻվм˲ᣬȱ𣿡
Ʒ£չһЦѰǰıס˿ȡ
˸Щ⣬˵ӦңһҪ밲ȷһͬƽƽĻǺͺǶǻ
һġƷصɿ˿ȣ˿Եѩ˿
ѩ˿뿨һϵƷ硣
Ʒ̲סֱӱסѩ˿
ѩ˿һֱӱҪǸҲҾͲ޸ˣ
ΪȢһλĹΣҲôĸһƷЦȴůůġ
ԭѰǰᳯƷ˵ͷ˵Ʒ磬ȥɣĸ׻
ǣסƷһЦˡ
ţƷݵһתֱ𸮡Ʒĵһ壬ȴֱӼԦ𽣣ǰϺ
ɲ֪Ʒո뿪֮󣬿ѩ˿ӵһ𣬷Ĵ
ħһôµĵطܲƷ


1018 е
ʵƷ뵽ˣ׵ǵѪħϳȻħͬ˹ϵǱȻħλûϺ
׵أڴ½֮أϺ
ϺĴлΪҵġڶ࣬ǵŨҲҪܼ࣬Ҳǳ޷ҵħҪԭˡ
ƷĵһƷݣиϺ򡣶ΪƷ壬ȴǶУһ·С
ƷоԵѪħǲᷢԼ
УƷʵʮӣѾϵ׵ء
׵أȻޱȣΪ˱Ʒʹû׵̽飬ϾƷıؾ֮·ûġ
ϸ̽鼸֣촦ƷֱӴԽ׵أϺ
һôĵط
ǰʱƷһֱ½ǵ磬ƷҲǵһο󺣡
ĺˣɾˣȺޣϵĳźеɽʯˣ͵ĺƣ޷ġ
ʱƷںԵϿ֮󺣣ܻһ̾ƷҲ⡣
Ϻ򲢲̫ƽˣҲǱ֣еĻҲûʲô
Ʒüͷ壬⺣ޱȣһűߣƷĻҲ̽뺣е˵ЩܴƷֻܿӷԲʮķΧ
ʮޱ޼ʵĴ󺣣ȷʵǲʲô磬ԶԶҪ½أƾϺ򣬾ͱȴ½ķΧҪࡣ
ȰУƷҪҵħȷʵûʱ䡣ƷԺ˽뻷ϤȣԶԶ޷ħǱȼġƷһεϺ򣬻ûҵħ֮ǰܻٵ鷳
ϾѪħǲɵӣܹƷħ֮ǰƷ磬ǸƷĸǵƷֻܱѪħǸǣűߡ
ܺãҾͺúϺһѣƷһЦ
ͨһ
Ʒֱӳ˺ˮ棬ǺƷںѰĻԱȽЩ
һ뷨Ʒ뺣ʱ֪Ǵˡ
⺣Уˮѹ󣬱ȺϵЩҪ󡣶һһĺɫ壬ĴԸоһ˫˫ںڰеӡƷλİʱ򣬱ѾΪǵ
ںеĺޣΪײУرϺЩûԣѹںÿһֵĲǳС
ڣƷϺԵķΧѾﵽʮϣĺ޵ȼϵͣоƷΣյϢûк޸ҿ
Ʒϲ⣬ħԲڱԵΧȻбȺϻҪӵĸӣƷ绹ѡںѰҡ
ƷʵںֻҪԪ赲סˮѹǹɺҲ޷ƷڡȻڱԵ̫ܴħƷ绹ǽڸѰһ
ȻƷסһ򣬼ǰС
źԽ룬ˮѹԽԽǿĺҲԽԽŨܣΧһڡмǿϢסƷ磬ƺڵȴ֡
ƷҲԵ޹ʵȥЩޣЩȥѰħħ徹ȻϺݺ꣬ǱȻĺ޻ħ塣ƷЩ޸ԼǵһЩ޶ҿĵطζħҲԶˡ
뵽ڴˣƷ㿪ʼչѰĺҲԽԽࡣЩ޵ʵ϶Ѿﵽʥ׼ϵʵа񣬿ϧЩԣʹʵǿҲرߡ
ԼĪѰʱͷƷѾѰٺķΧûҵرĵط˵ѪħҪƷħӦòôѲǡ
û취ˣֻټѰˡƷΰ̾ǰУͻȻסˡ
ΪŴΧƷ羹Ȼʧ˷ãƷĻֱƣӺѰ
ģĸ򣿡ƷҧгݵǰǼǵѣԽϺߣǺϽķΧ
Ʒԥʱ׷ƷõĳȺޣѾ˹
ڽУв㴫Сˣҿ԰򡣡
ãھ͸λãƷ缴̤ŵ𽣣һָһ㣬תжָһλá
ϷҪĸȥСʵ
һֱ߰ɣߵ̫죬ЩˡƷ˵
ǣ
СӦһֿϷжȥ
𣡡
ЩŭһԭͿҪ׷ϵȻֱˣŭ׷ȥ
ƷУһֱϷǰУٶȲ첻պÿʱĺޱһľ롣ͬʱ䣬ƷĻÿһ̶ͷŶȻǵķΧǺܴ󣬵԰ܱߵĶ
Ʒ粻ϵ룬ˮѹѾǿǳ˼飬ˮĺҲԽԽŨƷĻҲԽǿƷĺޣѾԽԽ٣Ȼ٣ܼ׷ƷĺޣʵȻСӡ
ѾãƷɨӶȥǰһƬǺеĴϿȣｸʯڶ࣬ŨǳǿһоܹأԼоһȺȺǿħ
ŵĺޣڵƬ֮ʱƺ°ֹͣˣҲǰӽֻܷ߷߲ʵŲԶƷ
ˣ⣬Ҫȥ𣿡С˵
Ҫҵľĵط߰ɡƷص
ಣ
ˮ㣬ƷһƬڰĺС
һһƬںƷͣüɫ΢壬ѾоԼܱһȺȺǿϢסˡ
һɹɵϢͷųǿħƷ粻ҿ϶ЩʲôȻܹͷųħȻħΧ
ǺǣѾܽӽĿˣҲˡƷһЦ
ţڰ֮Уһ˫˫Ѫɫͫ״ܱ粼޵һ㣬ʵʵİΧסƷ硣
Ʒ£ЩӦմȾħĺޣȻηԼͷųԪƣӦöЩײеĺޡ
ЩܲԣƷҵĲǣ𵲵
أ
һĽںƬ򶼿ʼʼӿ״ϿȶھҵĲš
ʱں޾պйǿϢ
ޣ
Ʒ𾪲ѣû뵽Ϻͼޡ
˵У磬һΪ֪磬е֮壬ǷǳΣտµģԾ١
ʹҲãƷ統Ȼ壬ֻҪǵԼԼҲȥŭޡǵԼƷĽҲˡ


1019 Ͻɺ
ˮѹ͵ĳѹƷ硣ռ䣬ҲʼŤһɹǿϢƷ硣
ƷԪ壬ˮѹ޷˵ƷֺƷ羲վţ̤𽣣Եޱȡ
ͻȻ
ƷһڵԪȻǿҵİ׹⣬˲ΧĺҰһӱޱȡ
ڹâ֮£Ʒ㾪㵵ĿЩѪɫĹǳȺɺޣʮֻϿȡ
ޣΪɺޣҲɺһĺޣ֮ں綾һǳµĺޡ
ɺޣһȺڵģһȺҲ˵кеһ塣ںУɺ޵ǱȽϸߵġ
ɺȺУȻɺĴڡ
ʱһ˫˫ѪɫͫףİΧסƷ磬ʱ̶׼˽֮ơ
Ʒ絭ǹӴϢҲ𽥵Ľӽ
Ըоɺʵǿλн׵ʵƷһʵܹԸɺƷʱʲô޹ص鷳ɺܿħЩϵ
𣡡
Ժ׵ŭ𣬼ڷڣˮðֳ֮һ޴Ӱ

ƷһӰΪϢ֮ǿˡɺɲͨɺеĸƷ֣Ͻɺ
ϽɺͨΪɺɣϽ֮ɫǱǿħ
࣡ѾǵأһϽɺǾ޴ѪɫͫףĶƷ硣
Ʒ磬ⴳ룬¡Ʒ繰ֵμ棬ƷǺܿˡ
ⴳ룬ô𣿡Ͻɺ˸ɭĹâȻǲô׷ŹƷˡ
˼ǣƷ縺ֶƷɫѾʼתˡ
ϽɺϸĴƷã㵵ǾȻȫ͸ƷʵǳֻƷ׹ͷųϢΪǿ죬ǺǵĽɫ
˼ܼ򵥣Է뿪ϽɺǿƷµǰˡ
ҪҵĽҲԸԸ⡣ƷвƷ
𣿡Ͻɺ˸׺ݵ⣬ܱߵĳȺɺҲǷŭѣһСС࣬Ȼսǵ
ôҶ֣Ʒһƽ֮ɫܱߵЩɺ˵˵СˣҪҶֵĻұ֤˶ɥ
Ʒɫ֮УһϵϣԲǿЦġ
ܱԭЩɺޣƺоһΣյϢǾˡ
ϽɺԳˡоԼʵ̫ԶĴһжᱻˣһһĶ֡
ϽɺĬƷóѰЦ⺣޵ǻдߣƷ˵ôˣ
ߣв𣿡ϽɺŭѣΪˣ綼Ʒˡ
вû塣Ʒ絭Ļص
ߣڴɺأָô㣡Ͻɺߵ
˵ô㣡Ʒͱ˰Ŀ˵
㣡ϽɺðֲƷ綯֡
ΪɺѵĺأΪԼˣϽɺ֪￪սĻʧأҶǰλ࣬ʵδ֪
ǺǣҲʲô鷳ҪңҲֻöǲˡƷһЦ˫һֱһ˵ĹâоҪ㣬ҪֵĻҲԻһɱ㣡ñڣ
ƷĿвϽɺڶŭѡƷ裬ȷʵǿЦģʤΣɺ嶼ûкô
ϽɺǿŭЩηˣ߰ɣٴǵأ㣡
ͻȻıˣⲻˡƷҡͷһЦ
ˣʲô˼ѾǱĵˣٵôߣƼˣƴϽɺŭ
Ǻǣ𼱣û˼ֻҪ㡣ƷЦ
˵Ͻɺе
鼮пںдһֺޣΪɺޡ޲֮Ѱá˴һ֪ɺż𡣡Ʒ˵
ʲô𣿡Ͻɺʵ
ǾӵŲеħƷص
ΣιأϽɺ
ΪѰħڵλãħбΪħɺܵħŵԽʵǣɺħĹϵƷޱʵ
ߣȻɺħϵõкôɺħ޹ϵһ෸ҾǵĵҪɺ壬ҲúúõϽɺĻص
Ӧ֪ħľλðɣƷʡ
ɺںдڵκϢǳУȻ֪Ͻɺص
Ҹôҵħұ뿪Ʒƽκһָ顣
Ц뿪Ѿ㹻̣㻹ƾʲôñħڡȻɺħ޹ϵħɺôɺǾԲħģϽɺ˵Ƿǳִˡ
ǾͲ˼ˣ˱Ƚ壬ǲĻֻáƷɫһ˫һֽ֣ǿȻھҵš
ΧЩɺޣֵסǿѹ־岻ѡ
ס֣Ͻɺŭ
ƷʱջƣЦǺǣֻҪңصġ
ߣԸħ׼ȷ򡣲ǰи֮һԼϽɺߵ
ԼǺǣ˼ƷȤζЦЦû뵽⺣ҲͦģЦ˵ɣĶԼ
Ǻǣ㲻Ϻǿڲ˺˵ƿķҿֱ㵽ħĻ͸̹ԶýϽɺ
һ˵֮ķΧܴ󡣶ϽɺķǿټϱڵħǾ͸˵ˣҪƻΧ֮ǰ£ǾԲġ
ϽɺҲǴˣǿߣͰ첻
УƷˬӦ
Ͻɺһ㶣û뵽Ʒ羹ȻӦô죬ߵ࣡ͦŵ𣿲ñΥ
ȻƷЦԸϽɺʵǼ׵顣
ǿʼɣϽɺ˵꣬ڵħֹǿħʵʵĸסӣиðһܴܵļ̡֮УϽɺķǺǿġ
ߣСӣ䶨ˣҪ벻˺˵ǰƿķǾԲܵġϽɺţԼµĶԼеⲻѡ


1020 ʶ
ϽɺζãƷҪƿԼķͱضһЩһЩˣϽɺʵʲȥƷ硣
ߣСӣˣ᲻ħﱾ㲻к³Ͻɺ뵽Ʒʹ޲ѡ
Ʒ絭ȻһЦϽɺ˼᲻֪
ȣ
Ʒһ𽣾ƷǰƷһ˫˫۵м䣬Էâ
ϽɺƾƷ¶һ֣֪ƷĽߵȻЩͣ⻹Ż˱
𣡡
ϽɺͻȻһƺƴ󣬺鲨ӿ
Сӣţ˺ҵκһ֣ˣϽɺ
ٺ٣Ʒ粻мһЦ
ţƷ˫һڵԪںУһɾ˿µĽоƬ򶼳ǿµĽУľ岻ѡ
ǿĽϽɺɫأоƷͷųĽ֮ģڵħȫӿǿķ
ܱߵЩɺޣǾֲѣѾȫһšǿɲƷӮ񼶵ЩɺҲܵһЩˡ
ʱƷȫΪһ壬ǿĽȫΪһ壬סϽɺ
СӣҪʱ𣿡ϽɺȴʹģоƷѹĽԽǿ죬ϽɺصѹԽԽ
ƷĬı۾
СӵڸʲôϽɺľѣԽӵķꡣ
ͻȻ
Ʒ͵˫ۣһ֮
ݣ
һƿ֮죬Ʒǰ𽣾ǲŰķ˳ȥǿĽȫеһ壬ûκεйĽƿˮ㣬ˮռ䶼˺ƿһϸСѺۡ
£
Ͻɺֲѣδ뵽Ʒһʽ⽣̫ˣǼΪһɣǿĽһϣ֮УܱκεӰ졣
һʵ̫ˣ
ϽɺδӦ㴩ħǴһ㣬ֱ塣
ۼһҪϽɺʱ
ͻȻ䣬ǷĳϽɺλͣϽɺҲǾֵĵɴ˫ۣû뵽ղ˵Ľӽ
ףƷԾǿԣҪɱԼȷʵһʵ̫ˡʹҲһԵסһƷڻľ롣
Ǻǣ𣿡ƷϷʰЦЦ
ϽɺͷʵղſԺɵɱңΪʲôû
ûҪѾ˵ˣ֮սûκε塣ֻһԼûҪȡƷ絭ĻصתһķɻصƷУϽɺǿ㶵ġ
ˣҿԴȥҵħһΪҸղŵ޴ٶ˵ǸϽɺ˵˵ղƷѾԼһʵ֮ǿϽɺѾƷ罻õ˼
Ǻǣû£ǳѡƷ絭ȻһЦ𽣣ʵϽɺĸоҲܲ벻Υ
ллϽɺƷĺøб̲סʵ࣬ҿ֪𣿡
ҽƷ硣ƷЦ
ǺǣҾͽƷֵܰɡϽɺЦЦ
Ʒ΢΢ͷԸħ׼ȷλ˰ɡ
Ͻɺ˵Ʒֵܣ䲻֪ħкζԹħΧУϹħħǿҪħĻǿǺΣյġ
֪ұȥƷⰻȻֵλðɣ
ʵħΧˡϽɺ˵
Ʒɻѡ
ûɺϲĵط棬ħķΧ֮ڣĻħͷųħǵĳɳҲм洦ȻħǿɸԵģɺҲħǨ㵽κκ򡣵ˮˮǵˣҲѣֻ֮ʵϺ˸ҷϽɺ˵
ĻΪҸоħĴڡƷɻʵ
Ȼħ߼ѡںѰȷģΪϵܼ֡ȻѾҵɺ壬뿪ʱ㵽ϵʱʵ׾ͿҵħˡϽɺĵѵ
лˣ֮ǰᣬҲ˵ڡƷ繰ֵ
Ͻɺһ㶣ЦǿνǲʶƷֵֵܽˡ
Ǿȸˣ֮󣬶ݷáƷ˵
£ȻѾֵˣҰæɣ֣ҲкôġϽɺ˵ȻҪƷ硣
ˣʧܵĻǶΣաƷص
Ͻɺ֣ص˵Ȼɺħ岢෸ɺȷʵħĶݡħǼһ˽⣬࣬⸽һо˼ǿϢħҪΪϺİˣʱҲⲻ˻£ǶԸɺ塣
ллҵ˽£ԼȥƷҡҡͷЦˣɺȻõħ洦ɺ岢ʲô£㻹Ǿɡ
֪ˡϽɺ˵
ôƷ粻⡣
ǺǣܸӣĴ򣬽ǿɺҲҪһʵϺ㡣ϽɺΰЦ
İɣһǾͿħˡƷݺݵ˵Ϊħձɣ
Ҳǻʵϵ㻹Щ֣һ̰ɡϽɺ˵ƷܹħʵɺΪϺİϽɺϣƷܹħġ
Ǿ鷳ˡƷЦϽɺ·ҵħ͸ˡ
߰ɡϽɺһϹ⣬Ϲ֮£պֳһλ࿡ɫϷӡ
ô㣿Ʒ羪㵲ѡ
ǺǣѾˣȻûΡ״̬Ҳôױħ˲Ͻɺ΢΢һЦ
̫ˣƷЦ
߰ɡϽɺ̱ϳȥ
ƷһչУȥ
飡飡
ƷϽɺһͬԾ棬ĺһҰûκεĴڡ
ħأƷ缴ʡ
ģҶħϵϢУҾԿҵġϽɺŵ˵
鷳ˡƷм
ಣ
ϽɺǺ֮УƷ粻ɣ档


1021 
޴ĵ죬Ǿ̾ʵĺС
ܴ󣬷Բʮɫɽ壬ħʱʱֵĴںУһ㣬ޱȡ
ûǺųƺħˡ
Եú壬κεħӦǱתˡ
ϾƷ絽Ļܻܿг񶷣ħΪ˱ħѾתƵȥˡ
ʱڵϿգӰ
ˣƷСӽձǸ𣿡ħ첻ʵ
ǺǣȻСӻĺܣȻĸǰЭĻܲĻձ뾡취͵ǱܹˣǱȻԶԸǡѪħЦ
ٺ٣ӢǼһǴˡҪǱħȻþ󣬵ʱɾȻ¶ˡħհЦ
ãҪΪɱѪħҡͷ
ɱħɻ
ûȻ֪ĸȻԤð취ԸǡҲҪǰ׼ܹڽħ֮ǰǸáѪħ
ҲǣУټǵĻһǱˡħЦ
һ㣬֮ǰ˵ķ֮Ѫħɫһ
Ǽһķ֮ͦǿġħ˵СƷķ֮ǿﵽ񾳡
ǲòΪܻܿʹ÷֮ǰһþǿ̽һʵˣˣѪħݡ
ˣ˵ܲҵħʵ
ߣħҲ֮ǰҲ̫߹ˡѪħһúȥ׼ɣһеĻҪѶԸ
ǣˣ
ħ칰Ӧʧ֮С
ѪħֶĻźϵߵƷ磬ڴ½һںУһڲĳ棡һξ޻أ

ʱƷϽɺغ
Ѿãȴûҵħټ
ûôôԶƷ̲סʵ
ǺǣȻɺܹħħɺħҲкܳһξ롣ϽɺЦ
˼ֻЩˡƷε˵
͵ˡϽɺ˵ţͽȻٶȣĴ˺ƺٴ̽Ʒʵ˼
ƷЦЦУϽɺľ롣
ǸϽɺ⺣żƣû뵽Ʒ羹ȻܸôԼˡ
ڣԼĪӡ
ͻȻϽɺͣˡ
ˣƷһ㶣չȥһƬ֮⣬ûκεĴڡ
ȥԵħˣҾ㵽ˡҪҰæĻҿһͬȥϽɺָǰ˵
ˣԼȥɡƷص
ǧСģħȻܹں꣬Ȼô򵥡Ͻɺٴѵ
ˣԻСġƷӦסǰŨȵĺವһ˽ȥ
ϽɺƷȥĵط˼ã̾һǱ˺С
ʱƷѾǲ㺣
Ȼ䣬ҰԼĪƷǰʮ֮޴ĺɫ죬̾ǺС
ߣħƷݺݵսȭͷ˵ղ̸еʱƷӲǽ͵͵Ǳ˽
Ϊ˱Ʒͷų̽ħĺС
ȻûƷ簵ӻ̽пԷ֣ħĺȷʵܹŹ֡򵥵˵ͨħʱһǿħħкƷ粻ֻ֪֪ħĲ÷ǳ
Ǻǣһǵ͹ħ塣ƷһЦȻħܹôգǱȻħר̽ԼģҲܿһҪڽħǰɱƷ磬ԲΣƷ綼ǴƵġ
ǣƷû취֪ǵɽ𺣣ƷҲôȥ
ˣУƷصĸ顣
ߣҲ֪ҪˣǺðɣҾǺúһѡƷ簵һʹǵһˣƷҲҪǱħһʵԲܹ¶
Ȼ֮䣬ԭƷ索ռԤ洢ԪӿƷĵһУӴԪֱӽƷһʵԪڣҲƷӵеľ硣
ಣ
ƷУֱӳ֮С
Ȼ
Ʒǽӽħе֮ʱԭҰдڵħͻȻʧеĺҲ𽥿ʼɫںڣ䣬ħצ֣ɭɭİΧסƷ硣
ʱƷͣѾûҪǰˣΪƷѾħС
Ʒ磬Ҳ˰ɡѪħЦں
ǺǣǾȻˣβһƷЦ
ҪħĻиأ㲻ܴȥĻǲ˼ҪôҪôϵʱһǻɱĸסѪħЦ
ߣǵֶλûб䣬ɵ޳ܣƷߵ޲ҵѪħһɱˡ
Ǻǣô˵㣬רΪ׼ġܲƿǾҪˣоҪ㣬ûôûŪʲôСĻþ͸ҪȻ̲סɱĸףʱɾͱˡѪħЦЦؾھá
ĸ׷ֺ׷ĺǣҲԻὫʬΣƷŭĺȵ
УҲû˵дѪħǲмֵˣɲǽһǷǳġϹħĲʵҲǱһֱģϹħľף졣
˵꣬Ѫħû𡣶ܱߵĺʼҵӿĹںбڣһ˫˫ɱĶƷ硣
أ
ţִëȻĽޱȣԩڰһ㣬ƷҪƷԺ֮С
Ʒ羲ı˫ۣȶ񣬱İţħĴ̼ƷĻҲܵ˼ĳ
ǿ깥ƷľѣƾħƷЩܣһʵǺǿ꾳粢ǺǿǿǵػڡƷ壬ȻЩħš
Ѫħ⻰ȷʵЦƷеĻҪǿ
ħԽӵĴ̶ϵĴ̼ƷĻ壬һ㣬ƷĻкݺݵš
Ʒ缫סĻ꣬ȶ״̬Ʒ岻ҪȻƻҪˣʹǵһ屻ˣƷҲ¶һ


1022 
ˣ𣿡ħʵһҧгݰӣ޲óħɱƷ硣
ҪԵȷҲûҪ֣úÿŮˣĻ⡣Ѫħ˵оЩ졣
ͰŮ˸ħӦʧ
ѪħһֺݺݵİǶȥۿڣߣƷ磬㣡
ʱƷ类С
󣬶Ի˺ܴȻֻƷĵһ壬˺ƷӰҲǺܴġ
ģȻ󷨣Ʒ簵һƷûѡһʧˣζƷĽҲʧˡ
ء
̶һƬƬɫ̼ƷĻ塣ȵĺĽεƷش͸
ƷǺˮһɹĴ̼ȷʵôܡ
һ壬ǿӵеػڵʵƷȶǿеĹ
˵ƷڵȣѪħǳ֡ҪɱƷĻǲܵġȻҲƷˣƷܴ󣬽ƻѪħԲ˷οɱƷĻᡣ
Ѫħ֮Գٳδж֣ΪǵγֵĲƷ壬ڿƷʵ
ߣ㼿óѣƷһڵĻ𰵰תҫ˵ɫ
ɲͨĻ棬Ǿλ񶼻ᱻɥɷҵ
ɷҵӿԼ˶ƷĻ̼µɷҵǸƷһսһ㣬Ļ޷ͻƷķߡ
ߣһﻹͦһֵģǱҪܳܵ˶ãѪħһѾУƷһжȴʱ֡
ˣŮѾˡħ°ŷư˹ưڻ״̬ܵκεĥ
㡣Ѫħѵ
˷ģ춯ĻŮ˵ҿ̸˽ˣħݰ˵Ը޸֮ķˣħ컹ǻĺ
Ѫħ΢΢ͷеƷ硣
ħҲںħģħҲԺĶ
ˣƷǼһ֧ŲסˣõʱħͻȻ˵
ٵȻܸоЩ⡣Ѫħһ
ڵƷķϹħħƷʵܹ֧ŵѾǲˡķ彻֣ʵΡħæѪħӣħҲǶвá
һ򣬾һյȽϺáѪħħ죬˵úÿ˱ǣȵʺϵĻᣬԻ֣㵣ġ
ǡǣħͷ
ߵķԽԽǿ
ƷŵĵɫǿʼϾħеĻʵ̫ǿˣһһıƱҪƷȫѹȥһ㡣
ȣ
ƷͻȻһµ𽣷𣬽֡
ߣȻǲ׼ĻҾͻƷɫһڵԪɷҵ𣬽ȻС
ħļ״̬
Ʒ籬һֱӱħڵԪǿǿҵİ׹˲Ƭռ䡣ڿħĴ̼֮£ƷǿдﵽԪڵľ硣
ԪڣƷ֮ǿķʵʵʵ˵Ʒħ֮ѾﵽԪڵʵϴѪħǽ֣ԪڵʵƷһչֳʵû¶
ħƷҲӵеһµ
֮ƷʵüΪǿǽٱ
ţƷ𽣣ɫĹ⻪ǿҵҫ𣬰׹лЯɱְɷҵΧЩζĺɫҲƺһ㣬Ȼ΢΢
ߣûȷʵƷıˣѪħһɫݺݵսȭͷƷʹ޲ѡ
ˣǲǵóˣħһȲӡ
ߣһҲƲˣʢúٴһĥľʵг֣ҪһѪħ
ҪҪакħʵ
أһúÿסŮ˾ͿˣһǵжϻʧˣҲӦ֮ߡұаϼһҲرΣʱҲҪעһЩѪħصһΪܹƷ磬ѪħǽĲٽˡ
ǣˣħӦ
ʱڰа񣬰ɻ󣺡Ѫħϼһڸʲô׼𣿡
˴ΣаҲյѪħϢ֮󣬱̸ϵħа񲢲ڣаһֵʵаʵҲ
аҲǻǧϹԼñʲôҪΣа񶼲֮ȥƷԿ
аѪħ֮ĹϵʵҲֻǻöѡΪǶףȽƷ֮Ǳ̱ΪˣԱ˴˼䶼ΪԼ·
˿̣Ʒĵһħ֮ʵǿ÷˼
󣬶ԻǿĹƷɷҵԶԶԽĿ»
Ʒ缫Ϊмһеһ֮һǺкնһ
ݣ
һޱȣǿĽ˲˺˺ڿգܱƮĺη壬ֵɢǿĽһɨȥռ䶼ҵĲ

һҰĽ𣬿ռеĺĴҴܣɢųĽֶܡ
ƷһѰһȥռ˺ƣǽĽĽΧŵĺΪ˷顣
ܣħ쾪㵲ѣܵǿҵĹ󣬾ȻһЩĺۼ
ߣһʵ˵ã֪ѲסѪħɫأѾȫȷƷı塣ڰѾʱ˹׼
ˣڿ죿ħæʵ
ߣҪҲô׵ġǱƿˣǶҲǳ󣬵ʱʲôʱǶԿѪħݺݵ˵
ɡϹħħôܱСӸأħ۲ѣħܹ֮ں꣬Ϊǿıӻ
ǺǣģٲˣúøţǱʧˣϵŮ˿ǷĻᣡѪħһЦͻȻһѪɫ⣬С
ˡħãĿס˻еķưȡ
аһѪħѾУհЦǿԶһˣ뱾Ǻ޹ϵ


1023 ƾ
䣡䣡
ƷһһնһһԪںϹ֮𽣱ռѣҪܲסˡ
˿̣ƷɷΪþѪħǡ
ֻƷÿһĵǾ޴ģڵԪĵرءʮƷĺǼˡ
ǿȣҲģƷʮȫĹȻûȥ
ģȥɻԽԽƷ簵һɴʱͣˡ
Ʒֹͣ˹ٶǷԩУֻƷ̼ƷĻ塣
ƷɫƽȶڵĴ̼Ӱ졣ֻ˶ãϾƷĵ̫ˡ
𣿡Ʒ簵š
ȴãڰĿռУûκεĶѪħĺܣҲƻĺܣҪƷĥˡ
ˣΨһˣƷ簵¶˾ģǿԪٴηתӿУҫ۵İ׹⡣
ƷĻٴɷҵ𣬵ɫ棬糱ˮУԪΪһ塣
ȣ
Ʒָ߾𽣣ֲĽӿ񱩵ֱӽܱߵЩɢ˿ȥƬռöһɿµš
ǿҵİɫʵʵסƷӣоƷƺΪһ㣬׹֮ſ°ԵĽ
͵һˡѪħڰЦ
Ʒ֪ԼԲܱ⽫Լĸ׷ǳ
˻ʽ˽һ
һըװĳһһƷ֮Ʒ籾ԼΪһ壬ֲĽ
ݣ
һİ׹⽣һ㣬۶ȥ
飡
ǿĽӹƿΪһ壬һ㣬ȻһĿռ䣬֩Ѹ˿
䡱һ
Ƭռǿҵһ𣬻ҵĴҪȫˣ˵ݺŰƬռûһġ
֮УֳƷӰУԵޱȵϡ
ܱ߱ѿĿռ䣬ҲڽţֻǱƻĳ̶ȺûôȫϣĴȻǿµ
һĺܿ¡
ֻϧƷ绹ûȫĴݻٵֻҲ֧Ų˶ˡƷڵԪľ޴ʹ˻ʽǿ
ҵħ󰡡ħ쿴۲ѣѾоҪݻˣֻҪƷǸղǰһιҪˡ
Ϲħµħ󣬹Ȼǿ÷˼Ʒ簵еħѾƷ
Ѫħǻ𣿡Ʒŭ
ǺǣƷôĵӰȻҴЦǺڰֳ֮ѪħӰ
ĸأƷʵ
Ҫĸףȹ˱һءѪħ
һɱ㣡Ʒ𽣣ɱˡ
ǺǣɱңѪħмһЦȥһۣɶǰ͡ȻˣǱ͵úú㣡
ߣΪĸҪЮͿΪΪҸ㣬ɱĸףҲԲ޴ľٶƷԲģƷŭߵ
ǵģ˵ûԸ׳ҲŹĸסʵһαûĸΪҪЮ㣬صؽϹħģħžԵơϱ֮𣬲ɲվú÷ָʤɣѪħ˵ѾӴа
ñɣұڴˣĥҵʵȻͿ׵ɱҡƷ
ǵģⶼ뵽ˡѪħⲻѣЦǺǣֻϧûѡҪħǿǵø۵ġ
ɱң㻹ԶˡƷɫһ䣬һ˲ӵѪħǰŭһնȥ
Ѫħ΢΢һСƷʵһʧںڰ֮С
䣡
Ʒһŭնȥռըһ˿ȷʵȫûлѪħ
ûκεơ˷ϢͻȻƷյѪħǹƷһǿаݺݵƷĺ˹ȥ
أ
ƷһƣֲаǿƷڡƷʹһѪǰ˳ȥ
ಡһ
ƳȥƷ磬ͻȻ·תǿڵƣӵתеĳͻȻֶеУѪħٷ˳ȥ
һù졣
Ѫħľѣû뵽Ʒ绹ܰһ֣֪Ƕ㲻һˣɴֱһƶһӭ˹ȥ
䣡
ѪħһһǷɽɿµĴը˿ֲľˣɨĴԭҪܲסĿռԽӵĴһƬ
ͣ
ƷٴѪ˳ȥ
ѪħҲǲܣڱѪڣƵ˽ߡ
ʱãռָƽࡣ
ƷѪħнʮ
ʱƷȴԵǱѣͷɢѪصĴϢţڵԪѾʣ޼ˡ
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һʱӦƷʵӭӲסһơ

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һƽָסҵ𽣣Ҳ̫С˰ɡƷĻص
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СӣñаݺݵƷ硣
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Ȼ֮䣬һޱǿҵѪƷϱƷڵĿħӿƷڵԪСڵԿħ£ƷڵԪֱͻƵԪڵľ硣
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ǻ쵰ѪħŭһڵаУǿµаֱӳƷ˹ȥ
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һ죬ǿһƷжɻƿѪɫţһըΪĹ㣬˿ֲľˣƬռҵ𶯣Ʋӿܡ
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Ҳ֪ǲƷûӦƷ羹һֻǱӰԵ˵ɭ˵ᡣаȻЩԾѾ޷ջȭˡ
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аһȭصĻ˳ȥռȻѡ

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ֲĽն£˲аеħĽݺݵĽаֱֻ۸Ϊ˷顣

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Ǻǣа񣬾Ȼ͡Ʒ簵һЦȻаʵǱǿˣƷ˵ûʲô
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𣿡Ʒὣ֣ĮгŲмдżµơ
𣡡
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Ѫħ˻ɫһڿɲаַʱһչаųɱ˹ȥ
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аҲסˣû뵽ƷкѪħԼ֡Ŀһаûκε·ֻȫһƴ

а˫ȭƷһ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬һ𣬼ʹ֮УƬҲ񱩵ŰĴϮƬռ䡣

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Ʒе͵һ𣬾޴Ԫӿҫ۵İ׹ǿǵذѪħѹȥ
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аѪ⣬Եİ׹⣬ɫʲһǿ⣬жԵڷĳţѷ¡ΧĿռܲסɾĳ˿γһɿ񱩵Ŀռˡ
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ѪħֲѣٶۼƷɱŭһƺ˹ȥ
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ѪħľѣĻз˼ܵв֮£ѪħǱܰƴһŤоյĶƷһ
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аƣҲųɱ˹ȥƷȫγ˼л֮ơ
䣡䣡
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䣡
ɾ޴Ʒϱը˿ĳ֮һװĽ֧Ŷȫɺľ赲סˡ
䣡
һ죬ѪħаػƷľԷϣ˲㷴ƻһǿķ֮
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СӵʵԶԶǵĹƣǸûа취ԸѪħص
ôһа
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쵰Ѫ֮ʹΣôаŭѡ
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ǺǣӰɣǾп𣿡ƷЦЦŨɱ
ߣƷ磬ǰˣƴĻҲûʲôôȻѾҪĸףµΪֹаеǾˡ
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аɫһʵЦʲô
Ц̫֪Ʒ˫һڵԪӿĿİ׹̼סƬռ䣬һɿֲʵʵİΧסаǡ
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ңаѾԱ׼ʧҲֻһѣаΪ֪ܡ
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Ʒ˳ɱ߷ݵЦһе͵һΧѹӴԪʼӿ
ʱƷ趯ֵƣ˫ǽڵɷҵԪ֮С𽣶ʱþ޴ޱȣն˵ĽŰƬռ𶯲ĩչ⾰֮¡
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Ѫħа񾪺ѣǿֲĽѹ֮£ƶӰ졣ֲǣھƷĽѪħǸԵݽһ֡
ʶԾѪħͻȻӰĴһ쳷
£Ѫħ͵󷽴ȥ
㣡аһû뵽Ѫħ;ˣԼʵ޷ȥԸƷ磬ƴȥ
ӣʹҵĽ𣿡ƷħĻĻ꣬˿־岻ѡ
ػһʽƷһ
Ȼռ׷׹Ѷһδ֪µĽʼĴתѪħǱ˼һ㣬Ѱ·
ˣѪħһоΧѾǿµĽѪħǸ޷ߣѪ֮Ҳ޷Ƴȥ
ÿ£⡭⵽ʲôа񾪿ֲѣ
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򣡣ôܣа㵲ѣоԼµѾȡˣ鴦ǿµĽǲ޵޴ӡ
û취ˣƴˣѪħɫһڵѪҺҲʼȼһǿа
ٶѪħһǿгһѪɫ֡ѪħѾһľѪܹסƷһĻѪħƱҪӳȥ
аŭѣּΪʣҧһݣٶǿ֧˻ħȻ֪ƷһжǿаҲԲԴС
ʱƷԶŵһ㣬ϿմŹȵˣƷÿһڽһܱߵԪΪһ塣
䣡䣡
첻ϣ׹ϢƬռ䣬ѵĿռҲűΪһƬ֮˷ǿֲµĽ
ͻȻƷ˫һħѪɫ¿մڿеѪħǣװĳ򣡡
ǵػ꾳еĵһʽе࣬Ʒɲͬν򽣣Ǳ򽫻ǽ¡
һ̣ѪħǾǶΰĿϿ֮Ľââ֮Уһһ㣬£Ƭռ䶼ȫסˡ
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Ѫħаһھ֮£ʹȫ֮ĹϮ
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סѪħŭһӲǳš
䣡䣡
ܼĽâȻݻѪħǵķߣδйĿֲĽĥѪħǡ

Ĳҽ֮
֮УֳƷħӰ
䣡䣡
ıը֮ڶռ䱩Ƭڣ۵Ĺ⻪ںоˮɫһƬ谵е̼ɢ
䣡
һը죬޴ħܲסĳϮ˲仯Ϊ˷顣
Ҳ֪˶ãһƬŽƽϢ
ȵǣܵ˿µĹѪħаȻûֻѪܣǱѣڴŴڿա
ղһǳǿ־塣ǺڣȥƷ
ƺجβǽβǸոտʼ
ǺǣоɡƷǶħӰ˵ǰϴЦ
ʹൽĥĥǵƷ֮Ĵۡ
аŭѣе󡭡
ֻ˵һ֣аֹͣϲ˿־֮ɫӾ㵵ĿҪ
պգаؿ֮һѷаؿڡ
̫ˣ
һ÷ʤаȫûʶ֪⽣ʲôԼؿڡ
ôˣƷ˵
аѪڿ־֮Уը˿̼仯ΪһƬѪ꣬ѪѪħϡ
Ѫħһ£ѪѪħ˹
ӣ
ʶģѪħֻһ뷨
Ѫ֮
ѪħһѪ⣬ʧ
ǺǣһλһϵڶΣǾԲϵģƷһЦӸź˲ӵʮ￪⡣
Ʒ˫۽ϴޱȵţǶһƬ֮е͵ķ˳ȥ
ݡһ
ֻһҽУͻȻðѪħӰؿ֮Ѵһ
Ѫħֶʵĵɴ˫ۣ૵ΪΪʲôʶѪѪ֮
Ǻǣܼ򵥣аѪ֮ȣɲԶˡΪʲôأӦѪ֮⣬ΪҿԺסмƷ絭һЦ
졭쵰а񡭡㡭ⱰɵļһȻƭҡѪħʹһպһ
飡
һ죬Ѫħը˿ѪںˮУȾһƬ
𽣻֣ƷУ쳤̾һˣһжˡ


1028 
ˣɱĶѾɱˡ
ǣսҲԺ·Ʒ绹ǻȥ
ĸ׳ɹȻأԭղ̸֮ڣû뵽ȷʵɹȻĸסڸ½֮ʱƷصسЩʱȥݷϽɺ
˵ƷϽɺǲʶƷϽɺҲӴ˽Ϊֵܡ뿪֮ʱϽɺصһϽʯƷ硣ɱСϽʯʱϵĻɱЧ
Ʒ½۹
˿̣۶֮УؽĹȻڼƷ뿪֮ҲܵκεɧšڼҲæµн裬ԭǣֻڽĵȴȻƷȥħ̸գƷ뿪ʱ򣬴ҶǺܵĵġ
ֱҹĻ١
ͻȻһ׹⽵ڼС
˽ԾһһԺ
էһ׹֮УЦƷ硣
Ʒ磡
˾һɻѣ̸вôƷܻˣ
ΪǻþݺݵĲ˲۾֪ǰֵȷʵƷֱˣѡ
ɣƷ绺£չһЦһˡ
ŮˮͲס˹ȥƷܵ˺һ㣬Ʒ״
ȣ˿İɣû¡Ʒ΢΢һЦ
û¾ͺãû¾ͺáͷƷȥʱ򣬿ȿǲ跹˼
Ʒֵܣôˣ㵵ʵ
Ǻǣ̸Ѿˣܲ𣿡ƷЦŪء
ˣһ㶡
ԭǲѣʵƷ磬ǡĸأ
ƷЦЦûشкȻֳ𸮣һֱ
ʱǽ֮£ȻֳһϤӰ
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ȷˣ
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ͬĺоһ㣬ǰⲻ˼ķưȡ
ԭ˸⣬ΨԼǰŻԵôĴ
̲סԭȥıס˷ưȣ̫ˣˣεˣһΪҲˡ
зڣôأưһЦ
أ裬ĺõ㡣ѩ˿绨ǰ
ɵӣһû޸أô뿪ءưЦůůģʵڱħߵʱҲΪҲԼˡ
Ʒ磬ллĸסԭƷ˵һм
ףⱾǺΡƷҡҡͷ
ĺܳɫȻûôʧԭ˵ͷ
ƷֵܣħأʵħǿǺ֮ǡ
ԲûܽǻŴѾɱǣڴ½Ҳû˺ˡƷ˵
ǺǣûϵֻҪɱЩһѾ㹻ˣЦħǵĳȥеΪʹ졣
Ʒ磬Ժʲô㣿ԭʵ
ڴ½ѳɶ֣뽨һңһƽĹҡƷĻص
뷨Һͬڰ۹Ѿȥ޹۹أԭʣҲԭĵģϾڼҳ۹ƷԼҵĻԭﻹǵԺὫ۹ռˡ
׷ģԶ۹ĻʦƷһĻص
㡣ԭ΢΢ͷеҲˣЦǺǣѵôԲƷͰҲˣ;ٰһɣúΪϴӷ硣
˵գԭ׼ȥˡ
Ʒһˣȴ˿֮Уһһ£̸Цڡ
Ҳһβμڼ磬ҲʷеĵһΣڼܵĴƷ硣
һֵҹҸҹ
ƷɹȻĸף˴½ѪħǵвԽƷԺܷɵദһǽļƻƷҲʱûϸĹ滮
ڣƷֻúõ˵ߣŶŮչԼĺӡֻúõܹܷ˰Ʒеǳ㡣

ߵ
һǳƽĵ졣
ȵĶ֮УаѾع壬һ۵ʱ򣬿ֱ˴ڵѪ
磡ôˣ㵲ѣаѾشǰסа
ҡʧˣѾˡа⣬ҧгݵͲһˣû뵽ƷǼһﾹ˱ɣȻˣ
㣿ôܣⲻѪħƻúܺõΪλʧˣȵʵ
û뵽ƷǼһﾹȻҲǶСӸˣаа̰˽ĵ飬аǲ˵ˡ
ǻǵ͹Ʒε̾ϢһʵѪħħأ
ǶѾսˣҵҲƷߣƷǼһʵ£֣Ժ󶼲ƷĶ֣аݺݵ˵ƷǿµĽ¡
ô죿𣿡ʡ
ñڲʱ򡣡аɫ
磬Сӵһҵġæ
ǺǣģƷΪѾˣȴû뵽һǻšȻѾᵽѪħѪħѪħ⣬ѪħѾˣԲǹвڴ½ǿ϶ȥˣĺвʵʱֵʵǵĶ֡Ǿͺúǿʵʱգɱش½а
üǣƷΪѾˣڴ½ֵңˣǿʵЦ
ˣħأ˵ǱתˣҵǵĻǵʵż洦аͻȻʵ
粻صģѪħħħѾ򡣶ڴǰȥ֮ʱѾҵħתƵλãհЦ
ܹȻа˫һЩħԻָҵƣ߰ɣ
ͷӦ
а񾹸ϻϺ
ڣаֻʵѾûκεôˣħעҪΪƷ
ƷҲ뵽ȥʱаعϺ
ټĺУѾûħĴڡħҲתƵħٺ֮һ˵죬ʧȥıӻаǺܿҵħڡ
ħ壬ҲԲ뵽ǻ⵽֣֮аҵħʱ򣬱Ų̵Ĵɱ
ǧħ壬ʵ䲻סаǿߣܻǵĶ֣һҹ֮䣬ӴħҲоˡ
аõħľѪʵָһҲɹƣָԭʵ


1029 ػؾ
һƬɫ硣ﻨ㣬滨ݣĴǲľľǣǰԶɽͦεһŲҶï֦ÿһƬҶ·һ㣬˸ĹԡˣĿ
ֱһƬ续磬Դڴˡ
Ǿ塣
壬ԴȻŮ֮󣬾ڴ½֮Уħ޴֡
ھ⣬еȻŮȻϣҲһ񼶱ĻǿߵĻѰ
ʱƷſѩ˿ﻹӣϢĳ˾Ͽ֮ȴ˷ǵĴڡƷʵھĻȥѾˡ
Ǵ˵еľĺѩ˿⣬̾ѣǱʥеסˡ
Ʒ磬ǵ̫Ļ䣬Ҳĸ顣ֻζ
ǵãҵȻǵáƷͷһЦ
ϧǡɫȻν컯ŪˣѾħҲǿһֱڵʹ
ԲûǡƷһ֮ɫ
ûй㣬֪Զ˵дż˸֮ɫ
ѩ˿˺ܾãĬȻ˵Ƚ㣬˵ģҺĽǣƷôĻ䣬ȴʲôûС
Ǻǣڲǣ𣿡һЦ
ѩ˿һ㶣ͷԺǻԶһ𡣡
ġЦ
ˣȥˣ֪Ůǻǵ𣿡ƷɬһЦԴ뿪֮Ʒһֱ뾡취Ҫ壬ƷѾõ֮ģҲʱˡ
ΪҲһ˳ĵط
ľ壬Ѳͬգ֮ʱõʮþ屸洦֣ûжթûκεһг硣
ಣ
ƷŮˮӵӣͻȻ˾С

ΧľһƷЩͻȻ֣ٶ󾪡
һ£
Ⱥľ飬̰Χ˹ǧھĲ֮ĴڣǺܿġ
ƷЦ⣬վš
Щϸȥ۲Ʒ֮ʱĿƷϵʱ򣬺ʥʥ񣡡
ʥˣʥˣ
ֵĻ̼㴫壬ΧЩǣǿʼĤ
ʥ񣿡ƷҲסˣΪ⡣
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Ҳ֪Ʒɻ󲻽⡣
ǿѩ˿ָһط˵
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һϵĵݣֳһλ͵սھУⲻƷ硣
⡭Ʒסˣû뵽뿪꣬ȻͷЩ仯
ǺǣרΪġΪ㣬Ǿ壬ǾΪʥϷ壬ӭʥĹһϵЦ𣬴Ϲ뼸λĳϣϹϾĴȺеĻ˳
УƷľ֣˹
˼ƷĹϲѡƷ˵Ŀѩ˿ӵʱǾ͸˸еˡ
Ʒֵܻˣһ˷ܵЦһӰ˹Ƕ³İס
Եüѣֱǰ˸ƷܱϲЦƷֵܣǿˣ˶٣һƷĶŮ뺢ӣ㵲ѣʺС㡭
״磬þòЦ
ô㣿ȻԾ۵ɵɵſȻеĺӡ
ⶼҺƷĺӡɬһЦ
λǣͬѩ˿
˿ãҲƷδӡЦ
״áѩ˿ѺõЦ
׾㵲ѣЦЦƷļЦаСӣż겻Ȼ޶ˣֻλλС㡣
ȿȡ˹õĿ˵ףעһ˵ķִ硣
һŷӦ˹ֵ̿ơʥ񣬲˼ղ̫ˡ
Ǻǣ״磬̫ˣһƷֵܡƷЦ
ֲ˹ףֱӴƷļЦҾ˵ƷֵôҼأԺλʥֵܵݣھɳˡ
ǰףƷ뾫ʶĵһλֵܡ
ʥ񣬲˼Ůڱչأɳأֻδܼʱӭӣ¡˹˵
Ǻǣ޷ҲƷˣʥЩϰߡƷͷһЦʵǲ뾫Ūôİ
ϷɾͲˡЦʵҲƷôľн
ΧһЩǣƷ粢ôϤ˵еʥ׺ͿǶƷԽӵĳ羴
ˣ»ҪµġƷ˵
΢΢ͷЦǺǣǾҲúúдǡ
Ǿ鷳ˡƷЦ
ǧǾĴˡ֣λΪ˻ӭʥĹǵȥӭʥĹɡ
䣬Ǳ׷ɢȥ㿪ʼϲȥ׼ˡ
̼䣬Ϊ˻ӭƷλʥĹ
ƷǼˣȴǱֱ뵽˹УߵĴ
Ʒ뿨طɵأ̤ϤĵطһĸдƷǣҲ̸Ц
Сˮģ֮ѹûϹİĻ֮ҲûޡƺϢʱʱƯһЩСľ飬Χ趯
ѩ˿壬Χһж˺档ò˵ھȷʵǺ˵ĸо£ȫ½вͬ
ûнĻǻѡĻ
Щ嶼˺г֮Ҳ˻ԴԴ֮УһƬ֮
ҲֻŮ뼸λǲ֪ˣʵ־ֶܱáʮ֮δһ֮ģǾҲ˵ʱ
ھ壬Ǻ顣
Ϊˣٰһʢֵ磬ΪľǻӭƷǵĵ֮УҲǴ󵨵ظ裬ʢ鲻ϣÿһжǴġ
ѩ˿壬ѽסջȥЩ黶ĲѡСˮҲȺɫСǸ˳ȥڰζţɲ֪жයˡ
һ̣Ʒеľǣڻ֮С
ԣҹעһҹ


1030 ֮
գڻֵ֮󣬾ŮҲǰˡ
̣ӭƷ硣
ʱھʹУλϣ˹ҲڣƷȻҲǱӭ˴С
ȻƷʱ־ϲ
ʥˡϲЦЩΪ֮ĻѣǱѾӵ˰ʵνˡ
ŮˣǽƷɡƷεĻصǶԼʥĳƺƷﻹͦڵġ
Ǻǣ겻û뵽ѾӺͺӡЦ
ɣֶԿЦС㣬ҲþûˣĺӺܲԺضҲܳΪƷһˡ
ŮЦˣԵĻҵϣҵĺܹƽƽЦǿġ
Ǻǣʵ˲ܾġЦЦν丸ӣȻܹΪƷĺӣԺ·Ҳǲƽġ
ллŮ
˿ɣֶѩ˿Ц
˿ͺˡѩ˿Щɬĵ˵ͷ
ЦЦǵѩ˿ɫԽӺˡ
ˣŮλһҪ顣Ʒ˵⡣
Ҷ֪ˣǾѾܾˡЦ˵Ҳ֪ƷλΪ֮ˡ
Ʒ磬˵һ֮ˣͻȻʵôõգ˵ʱȥƷ硣
ûƷص
߰ɡЦƲ
ƷҲûй˱˾ʥأҲӵ֮Դ֮ĵط
ǰһùϲһɺŵϢ˳ǹϵ֮УƮʹ㣬ԵüѤ֮£һڿݾݾвϵð㣬¶һ㣬ϴ֮һï
ݾɲͨһھ̺֮ԴȻŮ񸶳е컯֮Ϣе֮ԴҲ޾ģΨʮ
ԣȻھʢʮ֮û֮ĵĻͬⲻ֮֡
֮𣿡ѩ˿̾ѣ벻Ȼ˽ӽ˵е֮֮ɢӴ֮ѩ˿΢ԪûԾĻԿ°빦Ч
ǿɾͲһ۽Ʒ磬Ʒûд֮ĵĻ»Ǳܴ
Ʒ磬⼸Ǿ˵Ѿָ˶ʢҲͬʱ֮ǲʮˣ֮ģʵзżϣ֮⡣
Ʒ΢΢ͷһ˵ڵ֮֮Ҳûˡ
ʲôûˣͻȻüҲǾ㵲ѣƷ⻰񲻻ȫǵϣ
Ǻǣ𼱣ΪѾ˰취ֻǻʱԲǣϣܹ¡ƷЩΰЦ
ֻҪܹסǾ壬ǾԲ㡣۽Ʒ磬ϣ
ԲˡƷͷоֳ𽣡
ƷٶǾסˣҲǴΪ⣬ѵƷҪ֮
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ģҾԲ˺塣ƷͷһЦ֮Ͽ֮
Ʒһָ߾ٳǿҵİ׹ͷŶ˲ס壬һǿµϢС
񾳣𺧲ѣʱ꣬û뵽Ʒʵʹﵽ񾳡
䣡
Ϣ嶼ˡ
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Ǿѣ׷֮ķȥһӰӽ֮ƺҪȥ֮˼
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˷׷׽еû뵽ֽ֮ԵˣȻʥʵ̫Խˡ֮Ǿǻˣ븲Ҳˡ
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ʱǼƷٶҲǴΪ㵡
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ѾãƷƺѾ˽֮ȫݻٵļơ
֮Ʒһһ֮ݺݵնȥ
䣡
һ죬ھоŭУھе֮ǿһڵŰĽĵȥ֮Իȥȫ嫵һƬ磬ΧƬľȻоǾĩա

УһƬ񶯣Ķˡû뵽Ĥеʥ񣬾Ȼֻ֮
Ļˣ˵ɴ˫ۣ֮ȥʹѡ
ҲһģվԭزȻƷ磬Ŀ֮ȥҲǾİʹ
ţƷ绺Ʈ䣬һݺݵѳɷеľ޿ȵĲ¡
ʱ׳˹ŭƷкȵƷ磡ʲôס֣
˵գѾ𳤹ŭĶŲԶƷ硣
Ȼڲ£˶񰢷ĳ嶯ŭ
Ʒûлش𣬳ĬõĽ͡
ǵģƷ֮ĵѾ޷黹֮ġƷȴӵȫµ֮ȻŮҪӵиǿ֮
ԣƷ罫֮ݻ٣Ϊ˲µӡ
Ȼ
ƷڣҫһɶĿİ׹⡣׹ӿϮӴ֮ԭ֮֮Ҫӵǿ󴿾
ǿ֮򾪵ƺ²⵽ʲô𾪲ѡ
ҲǴסˣ췭ظı仯ȫӦ
ԭŭеİףܵɾ޴ϢҲվˣޱȾ㵵Ű׹һӰ
ʱԭŭľ壬ܵȫ֮ϴеħʼǣһ͵ϢϴڵĿҵĸ
壬ž֮Ҳ֮
˵֮õʳ
۵İ׹⣬ϵӿ֮֮Сƺõϴһ׺˵Ϣÿ˵ͷ
ٶһĻˡ
ʱԭȥľǰ׹ԡ֮Уػһ㣬Ȼһ磬ڰ׹ϴ֮£ǿٵţָԭģñԭȻҪԽӵľ޴ïʢ̣ĵҲ̼̺
̫ˣֻ
ڣ嶼ȫĴסˣ·ǽһξһ㣬ξǶôôʵ


1031 
һĻʵ̫ˡ
ԭľԭķŭ̼׹ξ֮С
Ʒڵ֮Ѿõ˽ӿ͹˵ԭӵ֮ƷȻŮ֮ĺƷѾ̳ȻŮ
ȣ
Ʒ͵һγ۵Ĺ⻪˵Ϊ֮ҫ۵İ׹⣬˲סеһС
ʱĿУĲɫƮȫڵ֮Ĵ߻еľ鶼нСľ鶼ڰ׹гɳţڳɳɱ䡣
еľ飬һĻˡ
ŮŮ򼤶ĺϰĹڵء
һĲɣϲᣬΪһУѾȴ˺ܾúܾˡ
ɣҲϰĹǱʾ𾴣ĸм˾塣
⡭׶ԣһĻ
Ҿ֪Ʒ϶˺塣ѩ˿ѱһĻסˡ
ɹˡͷգϲɫ
ʵҲĿʼ
Ʒ糹״ݻ֮Ϊµµ֮е֮ԴΪԴƷڵ֮ϵעС
䣡
棬ֿʼھҵ
ƺĵص֮Уйǿڳӿ
ʱڵص׵۳һɫţ̺Ӵ֮֮γ֮Ļ
ûµӡ
ಣ
ƷͻȻ𽣣趯ƣڵ֮ԴԴϵӿעڵصеİ׹С
ţƷһֻԪ˲תΪˮ֮֮Уҫһҫ۵⡣
䣡︴գ
һϵͳˮϵ︴˲һӴĵɫĻ״ˮ£С
ٶӴˮ֮֮£صǰ׹ʼ𽥵ĳɳš
ģǰ׹УǳһƬƬĴ֣ڵĴѾʼڷѿˡ
Ʒһֲٿ֮һƿˮ֮ںΪһǰ׹дְĹԽԽ졣
ͻȻ
ǵ֮Уðһ֧硣ɱССС磬̺һӴ֮
ϢǳϤ֮
һ۱㿴ˣŰļ֮
ţһĻֳ֣ˮ֮֮£ǿ翪ʼٵĳɳɱˣӵ֧ʼΪչ
Ȼ󣬼׳󣬲ϵ׳
̼䣬һɭִ
ٶðɫ㣬¶Ǿ֮ϡӨӨԣԭɿݵľȻʼɫҶҶı֦ͷҫűʯĹâһϢ˲С
֮֮
УһƬ
ûȷʵ֮ͬһ֮Ʒдȫ֮֮У̺֮ԽӵĴɢϢԽˡϸϸȥܣհĸо
ң֮ϢһʵĻһֿóĻҲ˵֮ԶػھУԶٿή
Ʒģ֮ģȫµ֮
ˣ֮Ļˣ򼤶Ķˡ
ͻȻ
һ׹ֱڡ
ͲδӦ㾪ĸоһɾ޴֮ӿڡȫҫŶĿİ׹⣬֮У忪ʼ췭ظı仯
Ľ֮֮ɾǷƷ羭֮Ľ֮
õϴ忪ʼϵӣԭҲ𽥵Ľ˽״̬ԭͣѾõľ磬Ȼ˰߽׵ľ硣
ҡͻˣ㵲ѣоӵеǿ
˾޴ͻƲֻ֣򲻸ŵʵġ
öâȥ޴֮ػͦɽͷԵ˵ҫۡ
ɣƷϲЦ⣬ĴӿƮ¡
ʥʥ񣡡
еľ飬Ůȼλϣ׷ϰĹ
µ֮ζƷѾΪ˾ĿеȻ֮ΨȻ֮񣬲ſɴ֮
ŮǶɡƷһЦ
ҲǾ壬Ҷ㲻η˵Ʒ磬һ𾴡
ҲƷ磬ԶǾѡƷ΢΢ҡͷ¶ϵЦݣֵĲϲɡ
һ㶣ƷϵĻΪжмлл㣬Ǿ塣
ܶһ񡣡ҲƷһǾе֮񣬾ǶŮҲûйġ
ǿˡƷ΢΢һЦɻͷų֮̾ҵһν֮ʱұŮҲɶŮĳŵˡ
ʱײǰͨһƷǰ˵ʥ񣡶ԲͷҸղŶçײ֮ԣ
Ǻǣ״磬ɲ㡣ƷȤһЦ
ʥԺҷ׾Ϳˣڵݲͬ㴴֮ǾȻ֮񣡡׹Ľе
ˣҿɲʲôȻ֮񣡡ƷֱӴ˰׵ļЦǺǣѣ𣿡
⻰׸ж⣬ЦƷ磬ĵͷѣԶĺѡ
ǿ㶵ģƽ׽˵
ɣƷֳŻ̿еЦǺǣŮ֮ѾﹲΪһ塣𣬲Ȼ֮ԶᱻȥġڣѾעһ㣬ŮܹúĻɼ̳гΪȻŮ񡣡
ңһ㵡
ǺǣⱾŮ˼ƷЦ
һŬϰԲṼŮҵɫᶨӦ
㡣ƷЦЦ˵λѾ˶Ůĳŵ룬Ҳûȥˡ
ȥһ㶣Գ˲ᡣ
𣿡ʡ
Ǻǣǵ磬Ǳ뿪ʱĻǻᾭġƷ΢΢һЦ
ҲǣƷչ黹࣬ܲһֱھ
ҧҧᴽƵǿɷٶһ죬ǾǱǸлĻ᣿
ȻǶϲ壬ȻܹڴͣԸ⡣ƷЦ
ǰҿɺϲ޲öءѩ˿Ƥ˵
ͷҲЩᣬɶƷ˵Ʒ磬ڴ½ѾˣǾЩӰɡ
ǺðɡƷЦڶŮ˼ƷӲؾ
Ƚã㡣ѩ˿ĵƷ硣
Ʒε΢΢ҡͷЦŮЩӿɾ͵ôˡ
ǣǾ延ӭءæ
̫ˣԺúˣѩ˿Ǻǵ˷ܴЦ
ôˣֻ֪档Ʒѩ˿ȴЦˡ
˺һµʱƷŮкǣֵھΪȫһġ


1032 
ѪħȺڰߵȥ½ӭ˺ƽ
ƷŮҲھȹһ޾ĿҲΪ֮š
֮һжƺá
۹֮Ʒ㽫õĽһͻ˹͢һڹ͢Ⲣ˵ƷҪԺԸ͢ˣʵҪԭΪ˰˿Ҳܻǿ٣Ʒ粻ò
˺ʱƷ඼ڼûĻᣬƷʵһֱȶԪڣԪ֮úԶ
ڣƷĵľǿԼĸŮʵѵý˴½е鷳£ƷҲԺúǿʵҲƷĵӡ
ͬڳɹȻطư֮ҲԼĸרԪƷĹڶ࣬˶ԴڣԼˣƷĴڻ
ȻԭǶѾɹڵתΪԪǰƷ綼Ѿǲ񾳲ſʼԪתģԭǵϰ̻ǳ鷳ƷҲʦһָš
ӣһĹȥ
ʱţתۼ䣬ȥˡ
꣬Ҳǰ꣬ƽꡣ
ʱƷȫϰ֮£ԭѾʽԪ֮һٽԪڣҲһǿˡ
ưŮʵҲǿǴﵽԪ֮ǿ˵Ůʵɾǿˡ
ʱƷҲͻƵԪ֮ػڣٶѪħǿߵĻǲҲԶԸˡ
ƷŬĻľԶԶԪڡƷ罫󲿷ֵʱ䶼˵ϡ
ڼ壬ӹѾ½ǿʢļ塣
֮У˶ʢеĹģҲ۷ʱڵڼ廹Ҫࡣ
ȻƷλ񼶱ѹڼ壬ڼ۹ĵλԶʤڵ۹۹У˭ҲҶڼκεԻλߣܹΪڼ˶һǳٵ顣
۹ĵ۶֮Уǵһ۱ԵĿһ޴ĵֳ𽣣ħ֮ϵľӰ
˵ػڵ۶Уˣ˭ᾴηһۣȻ󹧾
ȥ۹õƷıӻ˳ĳΪ½ڶǿֱӽ۹ѹȥ
ǣΪʲô۹ܳǵһǿأ
ΪʱӶ֮֮ڿʼϺڰ۹ԭĵ̣밫ĵ򣬶ͬһңǱΪĴҲǳǿĴ
˹鼰ĵѾռ˴½һʮУÿжٷǱȣԲ۹κһǡ
ΪĹңƶȫͬ۹УǾۼ˸壬ƽȹûκεӡ
а˳ǣ԰ΪĳУбǰ
ųǣԾŴ岿ͳǣԸ峤γְ֮ǱΪ֮Ԫ˧ƹţʮǿӢؾ֮Чڴ˹Ϊܲǵؾ峤аͷ򣬵ؾҲؼգʽڴ½ӵһݵλˡ
֮⣬Ӷ֮ǣΪԭӶĻ᳤˹̻Ϊƿصҵ֮ǣħΪܵħʥǣսʿΪܵսǡ
ЩǣѾ½ĴǣԭĻ᳤ΪְƷҲ½еĻԣ
Ҳ˵ͬǿעӶǿԲμӿ˼ħսʿᡣ
رҪ˵ǣѾȫϳūơ۹۹Ʒĵ۹ƶϵķ磬Ҳȡūơ
Ӵˣĥ˽ūƶڴ½еõˡ
ԣԺڴ½ҲûūԭеūҲʽΪƽƷӵеӴƸҲ˸ƶȣҲǶƽĸÿ궼ڹȡöңöҿ㹻һƽͥʳһˡ
ŵ˼ʿܹƽȹȨҲƽȵģҪǻǹְλĻȥμӿˣǿۺûкſߣʹŵĵҲһ
ȻƷ˲£ķƶȡΪƷһ̷ٰÿһ̷д涨˴˷ɣʲôݵλһܵɵƲá
νӷͬƷ˼ɲģֻҪ˷δģиְʿܵϳ͡
ԣһƽȵĹңҲһɵĹҡ
Ʒȫµ˼ŴңķչҲõ½ͬѾдȺ׼Ǩ㵽ȫµĹ۹ĶߣȴκεֹȻһڴڳУⱳʵţƷ磬ǹ֮͢⣬˵ǵ۹ˡ
رҪ˵ĻŲȫҵȨ壬Ϊػҵɡ
ŵʵҲܿ죬ĴϵʵѾﵽ˰нϣѾӽˡ
ϵԽԣ˿ħеѾ뵽λн׵ʵħ֮λ߽׵ʵ
СľҲﵽλн׵ľ磬ʵʵСǶͨλҲܡ
ɭ쳽뷲ͬˣڷܿޣΪﵽ˰н׵ʵ
֮⣬ŵʵҲֻϴѹֻǧˡɱСǧˣǾӢеľӢʥǿ߶ռλʵǱ۷ʱڵ͢Ҫֲ
˵ҿɵʷǿĴ
ֻδʽţ֮Ʒ֣˹
ϾΪǿĿ䣬½еĸʿȻǰ۹Ĵ۶١ѵ÷еһλᣬ۹Ȼȥֺ³Ĵ
ڣ뿪仹ʣ죬½Ѿ׵ĺ䶯ˣȺǳˮĻųǡ
ųǣǴ˹ĹǣҲǴ½йģӴĹǡ
˳ɽˮ̱ͨΪ֮вҲڵĵطųû˸ҷΪûʲô
Ϊ˹ʵɲš
˹а˴ţǳţԶʤ۹ľţųб˾žפء
˾űǱıսʿŴѡľӢžԭžӢ֮תƹ齨ľţȻеľӢڴ½Ҳһɺܿµ
ƺƴ󣬿֮󣬼ʼ


1033 ų
ڼ壬Ժ֮С
ĸףʲôӣΪʲôҪ뿪һһλǱĿɰСŮ
СŮԼĪ꣬ɫĳˮɫӣüɰŵɫĳ£ԵһλСħʦ
СŮȷʵλħʦ
ΪСŮƷĺˮģ֮ʱչֳ˾˵ˮϵħ츳ħѾﵽˮϵмħʦħ׺ħʦҲԶԶ޷ȼˮˮ֮ԭ򣬶ˮϵħԪų޷׺
Ǻǣ㸸׿ҪΪ۵ĺӣǵȻø㸸ȥ䡣ЦǺǵ˵һıˮģ۰
ʲôǿ䣿ˮʵ
ߣ㶼֪ǽһңǵĸ׽еһλСкˮģԼ˵ĸ׿ǳ˳ݡ
СкҲˡ
СƷΪƣһͷɫĳĺɫӣССͱӵų޷ȼǿ塣ΪСʵѾﵽһ㣬Ʒϰ൱ڽӽʦս
Ź۴½ˮС츳ԳƵǾţڼ屣ܵĺܣӵ츳ûжչ¶
ȻƷ簮УȻ֪ڴ½û˸ҴԼӵ⣬ΪԷһƷ绹ǽһֱǴڼҾǰչ¶ʵ
ǺСʱ򣬱ĸ˿˵Լ׵¼Сȷ˶ǿ֮Ŀ׷
ǺǣˣǵĸҲˣǵһ뿪壬뿪۹ǿҪסأ˵ľ;Բ˵Ҳܣ𣿡Ц
ס
СˮĹɰĵͷѳ
ǺǣȡһϤЦɫµƷѩ˿Це˹
ף˿̡
ˮСϲ˹ȥˮȴֱԾƷϡ
ϣҵĶ˲ŶƷЦǺǵıһҸˮģǳ谮
ף۸ҡˮཱུ˵
Ϊ۸ˣƷЦСƷ㹪ҲСЦǺǣСҲ˲ٰ
ףʲôʱ似ԺҲҪһΪ𾴵ǿߡС˵
Ǻǣ似Ļǵڵ޷ʹ似ȥ̰棬ǱˣҽһǿĹƷЦе˵
ģС˫һѡ
Ȼʲôʱƭ㣬ΪƷĶӣȻɲܱ˿𡣡ƷЦ
ˣСڲŶ󰡣ſЩ顣ȵƷ硣
Ƚ㣬ͷİɣСˮĵ츳Ǻ洦ġѩ˿Ц
˵ѩ˿¸Ȥ˿ãʲôʱҲƷӰҲøˮǶܻܵõġ
Ƚ㣬ôźǵ˵Щѩ˿ߺ죬͵͵Ʒ磬Ҫ˵ӵ飬Ҳÿ
ãȿ֮Ǿ͡Ʒĳѩ˿ЦЦ
ˣɱ̻ˡѩ˿ɫԽκˣ꣬ѩ˿Խˡ
ûûˮľСƤЦ
ðˮģҲȡЦ̣ôʰ㡣ѩ˿ˮģһǰֱˮǰ۵СϺݺݵһѡ
أ˿۸ˡˮľļװ
ˣүүѾȥˣҲóˡƷЦ
뱧ŸףҪٰǹؽСȥˣȻǾͲȥˮĿĽеڿ˵Ȼˡ
áãҪǲԵĻҾͻ̰ǸؽСƷЦ
Ʒ磬ܸоЩڣСȥķ𣿡ͻȻ˵
Ǻǣˣڴ½Ѿҵˣտǿ䣬˭¡ƷЦ
߰ɡصЩ
ಣһ
Ʒֱֳ𽣣˫һƷֱӱˮСԾϡ
ѩ˿ԾϣɫվƷ󣬱Ͼտǿ䣬ҪӣɲκεĶϷ
С飡ߣƷһ
ݣ
ƷУŶŮ뺢ӣ˲ɵ˸߿ա
ˮǵһڸ߿зУĵ۴С
ƷҲ˵ǣϷЦݣֱԭڰ۹ķȥ
ųǡ
ʱųУѾȺ棬ʿųҲ㲻ʲôʿˡ
ڣųѾ˽ȺĲڳУŵľӢפųǣ˸ų¡
Ͼտǿ䣬Ʒ罫٣˭Ļش̷
˴ο䣬㲻ڻʹСΪôڹĦʢ䣬رŹ㳡ϡ
Ź㳡һǶ㣬Χ޴ʮˡΪܹ۹Ħܹۼһڿδʼʱ򣬱ѽŹ㳡ռλˡûλõģֻڹ㳡۰Ͱ͵ˡ
˿̣Ź㳡УѾȺ
иҲ۹ĴţҲǴۼݲſϯʸ
Ȼϯ֮ˣҪŵλϣгɫһӣλи󹫻Ļ᳤ǰؾ峤аͷ
Ź㳡룬ϵĵֳ𽣳Ʒ硣ǰ˭ҲҷΪʮ˵Ź㳡Уڵȴ֮ǰ˸ȻۣǺܿܽŹ㳡

һʵ֮УȻһ۵վλϡ

˾ڴ˵е񼶱ĳ֣Ź㳡Ҳ
λ峤ϣŹ㳡ϣгһ񣬲ŻϯĦǵЦӯӯӭ
̻͢ʵ
һҫһɴ۵İ׹⣬âһʥϢǽ̻ά˿ͬĻʥŮ˿λ̡
ʱά˿õƷĹѾɹ׵λ׵ľ硣
ţά˿£ȴֱϯС
ά˿ô԰ڼӡߵ
Ͼǹ͢λҲǺܿЦӭά˿Բ࣬ǰ˿λֻ̣վά˿ˡ
񣬴½̻ʶѾˣھ;ĵȴƷĳˡ


1034 
ѣҪﵽ
رҪ˵ǣϯϵλҲǺݽġ
ϯм䴦رλȻƷŮλãҲϯλáԣ࿪ʼƷĸĸԭưȣбǿѩۡǿɶƷǵĳϯϵȻҲзαŵλϣ쳽ȳɫһӡ
Ҳ࿪ʼά˿Ǳؾ峤Լ󹫻Ļ᳤Ҳ֪Ƿ⣬۾βҲǱȽˡ
ҲǺˣϯѾǺܸˣϾ۹ƷĹϵɲôá
˿̣Ź㳡ž
ԭ⺢ôûѵ֪ӺҪ˲ġưȲõĶԭֹš
ȣɾͲˣƷݵλѾǲͬˣΪҪȻųԭһЦ
ưȱԭ
ǺǣȷˣżƷֵѾ·ˣܸܿϵЦǺǵ˵
ߡά˿һǳĬԡ
ôҲ𣿡Ϸʰĳά˿Цʵ
˵Цˣĸʲô⡣ά˿Ļһ
𣿡ЦЦ㲻ά˿ȥЦǺǣѾˡ
ϯϵ˵׷Ͽմȥ
ͻȻ
һİ׹Ź㳡Ͽ֮ǱӵƷŮˡ
񣡡
һƷ֣ȫ㱩һһѡ
Ҳȫ½ƷƣҲǹϵ
ά˿˫Ʒ磬ά˿ȵĿɲƷ磬Ʒ绳еӻĶŮ˵ά˿ҲӵϿ˶˶ǿѩ˿ʵͻͽҲά˿Ϊ𾪡
ǹά˿һ
ǺǣˣƷֵܵʵǿ˲ٰЦе˵ƺڴ̼ά˿
ά˿ǲΪȻȻѾѡΪƷѣά˿ԺǲƷԡݲƷ磬Ʒµά˿㹻Ǻˡ
Ͽ֮Ʒ粢¡
Ǻǣ˻ͦġƷ΢΢һЦ
ףҺ¡ˮӵ˵һμֳ棬ԵЩӡ
СȻû˵ʲôҲǱǰ׳۵ĳסˡ
ɵӣʲôû˸˺ǡƷ۰ḧˮġ
ˮͷǺ¿մȥĿԭʱϲҿүүˡ
ĶǿҪǧţ˵ѵ
֪ˡˮֹͷ
ȥˡƷ΢΢һЦ˻еӣţɿս䡣
񣡡
ȻһƬڣʮ˫̼䶼۵ƷϣϲѣһƬƬŮӵļ֮
ƷɫϣϯϣŮ¡
ˮСһμֳ棬Ķ˿ȵ
ƷϯƬڵĳʱ䰲
ǺǣƷֵܣŶЦǺǵ˵
˼øλõˡƷһǸ⣬ֶˮС˵ǵ

ˮСӵ˵
ãܺãˣǳ˲ٰͷЦǺǣƷֵܣСɲصʱɵýСͰ
ǺǣȻƷ΢΢һЦ
Ʒ磬⿪仹ǿ㿪ʼɣȽ֮һЩҪ㽻̸ά˿ͻȻ˵
Ʒ˵ͷ
ʱƷ绷Ź㳡һۣǰĲûǷǳġ
˶٣ƷȣлλܹμӴ˴εĿ䣬ظλѾõ˰ɡλ֪˹Ϊűڴ˹ƶҲõ½ͬڴˣٴһ㣬ĿģΪ˳Ϊ½İϣǣ֮䣬壬ܹƽֵλ𱰣ƽȶԴҷϳūƶȣҲǶȨıϡڴˣҲرһЩͼΥҹ־ˣҾ飡
˶٣ƷֽŵˣضǵҴҲɻʽλǵĹҲڵ۹Ȩĵ۹ʿɿ˵ְͳҵҲһˣûϮƣ߾ϡ
ûϮƣ
˾㵲ѣϯϵ˶סˡ
ԴӴ½ʷ֮λһֱֱϮģû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼ˴ͳ
֪ΪΣƷ˵ŵĻ֮Ϊݵѩ븥ۣԵЩˡ
ǺǣλǰɡûǵȨĹңκְλûϮƣֻҪõϿɣκ˶ʤΡƷЦ
Щ˼ѣ˶ѾԾԾˡ
Ʒֵܣ˾ȡΰЦ뷨ҲֻƷˣƶȷʵԱһҵĺƽչ
ûϮƣﲻеĵ𣿡ά˿ַ̰ĿƷ˵
Ʒ絭һЦûлشά˿ֵشҶ֪ŵĴڰɣŵĴڣͬһΪػȫµĹҡҪΪŵĵӣÿ꽫һοˣͨ˵˽Ϊŵĵӡ
ΪŵĵӣǺεȵˣڳ󲿷ֵˣܹܿš֪еĵӴ඼ԭūݣŶ̶̲ʮķչʱ䣬ѾΪ˾Ӣջʵ̫ˡ
˵Щˣѩ븥ۣһҪŵĳ嶯
ˡƷ˵䣬ʽʼǵҹĹš

һһըһ㣬ݺݵĺڳ˵ţҲŪһͷˮѵƷ籾˼֮λ𣿱ϾƷŵǴ½йϵƷݳΪһ֮û⡣
ƷһЦɻߵ쳽ǰһЦǺǣ׼𣿡

һ׷쳽ȥ
ʵƷѡΪ쳽ΪҲǾƷ˼ǡԺŵܻᷢչ֮أħ硣ƷܻܿλһЩʱ뿪½ڸոճĹңƷλϵ֮󣬱֮ĳɫһȨ
ҡ쳽һ¡
ǺǣԼɫĵӡƷЦվɣôҺúÿǵ

쳽վӣһ֮ɫȻᣬԲǷ֮
ƷЦǺǣλػɣλɫĵӣ쳽ʸΪԺĻǴɷϳ֮λ
˵Ŀⶼ쳽ϣżֻɡ
쳽˿ȶгһ񣬼λܹõʶΪǵҸеǳҡʵ˵ұūλΪˣҲŸһҪʲôԣңҿԽǵĹұԽӵǿʢÿ˶ܹҸ֪һᣬҿԷģ޷ЩĻһзϳ֮λ
˵꣬쳽Ĵͷвϵ亹
˻ٶըװҵĻ
ƺƴ紩
лллл쳽жѣȭһָ߾٣סǵĹţ

֮Ȼǣһһڶ
Ʒ緢쳽οһЦǺǣ쳽úܺãͽˡ


1035 ˮĵľһĻ
ⶼİɣЦǺǵ˵
Ǻǣ磬쳽ΣƷЦʵ
ΪǸ˲ţԺسɴ޵쳽Ƿǳ͵ġ
ú֣Ų˺ܶΪƫƫҪѡһСӡά˿ʵΪά˿еκһ˳ϣʵӦøʺϳΪ
ôӦûҪ߽ɡƷά˿
ߡά˿һ㲻ٴƷ硣
ͻȻһףǺԺɲҲΪһλ
һ㶣Сеǵ˹Ц
ƷһָССԴЦǺǣСҪǿŬĻԺ˵񶼿ԡ
ףһŬģСɫᶨĻصԲǿЦģСԲͬڳˣҲǼ̳Ʒǿ֮ġ
ƷСԻΪñӵİ취ǾԼĺӱǿ
ѹŶΪٹڡ
ʮ˵עĿ֮£쳽»һ߽ۣʽΪ
һȫµĹȣϵԻ͡
֮Уһ޴ٶűһƬƬѤĹ⻪бɢ˿̻һ㣬
ǿʲôά˿㵣Ͽմıը֮ɲͨ
ǾѣбըȴиоǿԪرը֮ÿһ൱ʥ۷弶ǿߵȫһʮһɵж¡
ҵȥδսڿʱˣԾˡƷЦҲǵؾƵħˣû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼõϡ
ά˿Ҫ֪Щħݳ޵ʥΪԴĻֻôأƾħչֳڳ˾
Ժ󲻽ŵıӻЩǿħڣ½ˡ
䣡䣡
װľ죬ħڣɢɫĹ⻪ǰɢʵĹâסƬա֮߳ϣһƬڡ
ˮˮŴӣĸолԾˮԪء
ˮľı˫ۣƾŶħ׺лԾˮԪؿʼˮĵڡ
ȻˮĵϾȻҫ˲õ⡣
Сһ˲סˡ
ˮģסˣû뵽ˮĻͻȻ䷢ı仯

ϯе˷׷һȻˮĵȥƺоʲô㵲ѡ
֪סƷεҡҡͷû뵽ħڵıÿеħԪر쳣ĻԾˮ¶гɱ˿лԾˮԪأҪ׼ͻˡ
Ʒ硭ֲ֪Ʒ磬ҹ㳡ЩȺħ֮ûע⵽ϯѾ˾һĻ
û£ˮ˵Ǽ¡ƷЦȻˮͻƾĻǶˮԺӰǺܴġ
΢΢ͷֻˮĳ츳סˡ
ԭưɫأֳͻƶˮ˵Ӱ첻ãˮĵľͻֳϲ
ά˿ʶḻˮãͻȻܣȻˮ֮壡
ˮ֮壡
ϯһЩ֪ˣ𾪲ѡ
ˮ֮壬ǿǴ˵ħ֮壬ˮĻˮԪصƿ׺ǿħʦԶԶȲϡˮ֮Ľˣ⣬֮ǰܳʥ
Ʒ磡û뵽ŮȻˮ֮壬Ĳһĺáά˿ʼɰ˵
ЦˣˮĲˮ֮壬ֻħ׺ϣˮԹڳ˵츳ѡƷ絭һЦ
ҵ۹ûģСŮȷʵˮ֮塣ά˿һο϶˵
Ʒɫһ䷳ǲΣ˭ҴҺӵ⣡ҶὫʬΣƷ緢ģ˵飡
ά˿ľƷǶŭˣЦǺǣţû˼ˣ
Ʒһȥά˿˼ȫˮĵϣⷢرľ˵ڲ˭˭ҴˮĵľͻƣƷԲ
ħϻ᳤ǣѿˮˮ֮塣ԭ˵ʲôģά˿˵Щ⵽Ʒﾯ棬ǵס˿ڣȴһµӣøղûô໰ҪȻô֪
˿̵ˮģף֪ʱͻƾӰܴˮΧˮԪؾ㽻ţˮԪػӿˮĵڣǿˮĵ֮ħ
ͻƣκεĲءˮ츳ߣжôĳ֣ûдˮħԪصĽڡ
ʱˮڱۼ˴ˮϵԪءˮҲĸ˵Ԫ֮һҪЩԪظˣתΪħȻЩԪؾͻʧ
뵽ڴˣˮı㿪ʼЩħԪأɫԽӵڵħʼǿ
Ķͣ㡣Ʒ簵ĹԼСŮĹذԶԶԼ
ȸǽĶˮģʱסˮڵ״ݳκεĲ
Ƚ㣬İɣĶԵġѩ˿
΢΢ͷʵˮڵ״Ǻܲġ
ϯϵҲû˼ȥʲôħˣĿˮĵϡݱ˵ˮĵͻƣ͹ƾˮͷųħѾﵽмħʦˮƽ
мħʦǿɱȴ½һħʦĦ˹Ҫӵı̬Ȼ丸ŮˮСС;չ¶ǿħ츳
ʱƣˮתħѾﵽƿҲɲˡˮҲһ̰ĵˣҲȥЩħԪؾɣЦǺǣ߰ɣҪǵʱٻɡ
ţˮı㽫ʱ޷յˮԪظͨͨͷ˳ȥڵľҲȶʽȶˮϵ߼ħʦУҲӴ˴˴½еʷ
ҡûɣ߼ħʦȫסˣȿµħ츳ʷһˡ
Ȼˮ֮塣ά˿һĽʼɺްھƷĺӶӵй츳Ժ½о͸ûй֮͢ˡ
֪ƷĶСѾﵽ˸߼սʿĻҪ˶ֱˡ
ɹˡҲһˮĳɹͻƣǷˡ
ɣˮϵʧ˫ۣ㿴ԼĸĸҶڽԼһʵסĸסǲҡʲô𣿡
ûСһЦ
ôˮļöˡ
ƷһָͷĵˮĵıǼ⣬ЦǺǣƤĺӣôʱͻˣɰѴҶһء
ңͻˣˮɻ
ѾǸ߼ħʦˡƷЦЦѵΪħʦԺɲ۸Ŷ
֪ˣллסˮĹɰЦ
øױȥƯ̻ƷЦ漴Ľˮĸ
ףʲô̻ˮĲʵ
̻ʵǡƷ绰û˵꣬ͻȻһͷԶգɫ˲


1036 
顱һ
Ʒֱӽǰϯĳɷ飬ŭһˣ
ƼŹ㳡˲İ
ʲôˣ
˾㵲ѣɻƷ磬ΪʱƷľٶʵ̫ˡ
ס
ˮСĶ˿ȵ󣬵һμԼĸ״ɼǱסˡ
ôˣưȲʵ
Ʒֵܣʲô𣿡ʡ
ϯϵˣҲǱƷıסˣձ쳣ѹ֣˸еϢоڵƷһҩըʱܻᱬը
˸ӲǣƷķٶƷ˼ǲֳ·ŭģⷢŭԵҲ֪ʲô
Ʒûлش˵Ļð亹ά˿ʵά˿֮ǰ˵мҪ𣿡
ᣬⲢҵ˼ά˿ֵ̿Ļص
ߣҲǲ˼ֻܵκε˺ҵһʱԻǹ͢ƷߵһɷӣԲǿЦġ
ҡά˿ƿԡ
Ʒ˱ŭŹ㳡˸ҳϯϵ֪ȻȻƷǳά˿Ѿìͷά˿ϡ
Ʒֵܣ׷ʲôˣסʵ
ҪˡƷص˫ԶƷػڵľ磬˵ǧ֮ڣ½ĶܱƷƿء
ΪƷоԶǿϢٵıϢά˿иƵ㣬Ǳӵһ½֮Уܹ߱ˣôҲ뵽͢ˡ
ˣ˭ѪħǣסˣҲֻôˡ
ѪħѾٸˣҲһЩˣƷ
ʲô
ɫ䣬žһŵλҲվһŭӣʱ׼ӭս
ߣά˿Ҿ֪ûʲôģҪڲú˵ҾԲŹ㣡ߵŭȭͷ׼Ҫά˿һˡ
뱾޹أ˵ҪƷ£ά˿Ļص˽ìͷָԼά˿Ҳǳŭ
Ʒ磡ҪȽЩ˸ԭݺݵ˵ڴﵽԪھ֮ԭѾʸ֮սˡ
ײصģȻˣɣҵ뿴Щʲô£ҪǸҷĻһɱһһ˫նһ˫Ʒصֱֳ𽣡
ƷӾǶǿĶ֣ƷͲ
Ź㳡ЩȺڸͲ֪ʲôˣֻƷѾս׼˾ȣĵ̣ǻ˴ǿߣѵ˸⵷
ţͻȻбѹһɹǿµƣѹֵϢؿڶķǳܡƬգҲϢıѹ֮£ԵЩ޹⡣
ʱ䣬бһɿֲ籩һ㣬׼Ź㳡ѹ¡
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Ψǿߣſɾ߱ǿѹ
ǿϢڽԾɫأѹƷ˽ˣЩ˿ɶʲôСɫ֮ԶԶЩϢ˵Ķ֡
ףǺúûˮǡƷ˵
ԭͷ֪̬ԣ뿨ǲܾͬӣԪţγǿʵķ֡
ءĸףҡҺ¡ˮĶڿȵĻǿ
£㸸ڣûµġ۵ıסˮġ
СҲסˣûпڴŸ׸ߴıӰΪСǶԼĸ׷ǳݡ
һԵѩ˿ǽĻסС
ԭһϵĵгĳĵ˶Ů뺢ǵǰ
ˣɫһ
ŵλ뷲˵һӣԶе󹫻Ļ᳤볤ϣҲȫη֮ɫ
ά˿ҡͷ̾һʹߴôˣ˵õ𣿡
䣡
ǿѹŤռ䣬ǿֱƶ£ڶʾһ㣬ƺϵıǿʢŹ㳡Ҳں¡¡ǿҪһ㡣

Ź㳡еȺڣЩˣܳܵסϡȻ侪ƬƬӰѹ
ߣ
ƷһôһߣƷϱȻӿһӴƣӭϿѹֱӷ˹ȥ
̼䣬ǿƾУ£жԵŤĿռѾʼӿһѺۡ
зǼƺƷе˾ȣͬʱҲǷŭǿ˲Ϊһ壬γһӴѹݺݽƷѹȥ
ߣֻ𣡡ƷһǿɱְĻȻӿƷͷųԽӵǿʢ;˰ӭȥ
䣡
֮䣬ٶ˹װľ죬ӴѾƬռüΪȶƺҪﵽıԵ
Ź㳡֮УΪƷѹ٣ҲԴѾǷǳˣΪδ֪ǿȻ񿹺⡣
Ʒֵܣһ֮һǰ
أֻһЩ֪ĶѣҿӦƷص˫Ͽֹ֮ͣš
㶵ĵͷͷά˿ʵЩ˲˰ɣ
ǵģԤʱʹǲŻ½磬û뵽ȻǰˣⲢǹ͢˼ά˿Ļصڿɲ֪жôķ꣬ƷʵжֲˣҲԲƷĶ֡
ڣ鷢չֵزά˿Ҳȥֹˡά˿ˣʹ·ʲôԲѡƷԡ
¡¡
ɵжԵнŷĶԿ
ò˵Ʒﵽػ֮ǿޱȣȻܹסںϳ·磬ռϷ硣
ͻȻǿڽ֮УһɫžȻ
ౣ
һĽ𣬽ԳСĽɫӰֱӳѹ֮˫һչһɫ׹ⱬ
䣡
һ죬ǿԵ׹⣬ֱӳֲƣ纣˰ӿɨĴ
ħֱޣ
߿֮Уٶ㴫һƬ𾪵
øպáƷһһ˲ӵСıϣ
еǼɵжԵҲŵȻȫޡ


1037 սʹ
ĽʱˣŹ㳡ǼžһŭϿգҲʱӭս׼
ά˿ұȥֹ
ʱƷСıϣ䲻ֳֽŸ߿г˵Ȼˣβһ
Ǻǣû뵽ССУȻˡһЦ𣬸߿֮УĽӰ
ӰĽ˲ŭȥӰĿ֮ʱȴһ
ʹȻʹҾȻʹˣŹ㳡УٶһƬƬľ֮û뵽Ŀ䣬Ȼд˵еʹˡ
ҲֻǸеǳ𾪺ѣ½Ʒ磬ȻѾƷΪȻŷҲԶλʹĵǳ֮⣬ǵжԵķŭ
򵥵˵ֻҪƷĵˣҲЩڵĵˣƷġ
ߡƷһʼϸϸĴд˵еʹ
˵ʹɶʥĻǰλʹȷʵùֵĿ׵ķŮӶеĽʼɡ
λʹװȫһ£˿İɫòλʹ࣬ĳĶ԰ɫ
ʹɲͬ壬ʹΪսսҲתΪʹʵǿǾǱԽ࣬ʵԽǿ
ǰλʹеİʹӵλϼʵ
ϾǷ磬һ½ʹߣᳬʹʵһͬǰλʹҲѾǺܸ½ˡ
ĻҲǲʮʹ½磬⼸ʺ٣Ͼз˵ĽܽеʮʹӢǲ½硣
Ͼħ綼ÿһܿأÿǧһħʹ½У϶ҰܣٻгһѹһƺѾĬĴһֺƽ״̬
ʹ½磬ħʹ½磬ҲһĵҪһλпԽҪıǿλ֮ͨÿ綼͢ڣ͢ó֮⣬ñΪħṩ½
ͬλʹҲϸĹ۲Ʒ磬ղƷչʾǿƣǵס˵֣ʵСӡ
ǲƷΪ֮ƺǺܴ󣬾ȻʹﵽǿΪ츳ǷҲٮٮߡ
һλʹά˿˵ά˿ǽ͢еˣ㻹ʲô˵
ߣⲢҵ˼㾡ɷģһᾡ˵ʹߴǵġά˿һѾ¶Ҫȥֹʹߵ˼
ϯϵԭڣھжͻȻֵλʹҲǳ˺棬۽ţϾʹڷɲ
ƷλʹɲȤƷֻ˶ѣҪµĻƷԲ⽫˵ĳ
ãƷ缫Ϊ䵭Ŀʵ˵ɣǶ˭Ŀʲô
ȻƷԵúܲãλʹҽܵ
սʹ壬ҽս硣м䴦λʹЦҲλʹʵǿģλ߽ףٽλ֮
ҽսұߵλʹĸŵλн֮
ս졣λʹ˵Ҳλн֮
˵λλеǿߣ֣ʵǿǳƷ֮⣬û˻κһ˵Ķ֡ҲѹǸҹȻĿˣʵǿ̵ġ
Ʒмû˵ǵĿء
Сӣʲôսʹ𣿡ս̲סȳƷֳ̬ȣŭ죬û뵽ڷл˵
ҾôƷĵĻص
㣡սֵ˼
סڣսһֵסӳ嶯ս죬Ʒ˵СֵܣᣬҪ㲻
ǵĿʲôƷٴʵѾǺܿˡ
Ǻǣ˵ڰ͢Ѿˣǻʹøл㡣½ǸһϢǾǿƸ磬ΪǿʹһԱսЦǺǵĻص
˼ûȤƷ䵭Ļص
СֵܣҪϸãܽΪʹһԱ˶Ҫʹ塣սջЦ֪Ʒ츳ҾƷµħֱҲǺȰɵĽɫܹ£磬սʹĵλкܴ洦ġ
ǺǣһûȤƷЦЦŲΪʹЩˣһȺαļһ
Сӣ֪ôܹ磬㼸Ӷ޲ĸ֣һֱĬս̲סеΪսҪֺƷ˼ҪȻ綼ˡ
ⲻ֪ƷЩȴɫһߵô⻰в𣿡
ⲻвǶкô顣սǿЦݣƷٲ֪ôĻսҲҪĥˡ
ˣٸǷϻЩﱾûʲô£ҺúýѵСѾ̲סҪˡ
У滹ôˣֵĻʧܴ󡣡Ʒ簵Ļص񼶵Ÿոսɳܲ
ҪȶأСʵ
òҪȽ׵ȥɣĻôԸСƷյӣȻʹ߶ѾˣΪ˲вƷѹûҪŹˡ
뵽ڴˣƷʵҲûأ絽ȥ̸
ս˫ƺѾŴĦƷ˼ȻǲƷ硣սҲɵӣĻŸƣϾ滹ʮķˡ
ţսЦǺǵ˵СֵܣĻˡ˵Ŀ䣬Ǹղ·ҲóλμǵĿ䡣
ѾˣӦҸطú̸̸Ʒҡͷ
սüͷһ壬ɫãСֵܣǵԿ޵ģǣҪҪֵĻ˫ûкôҲôһ˲ţʹɥˡֻҪԸǽ磬ǱܳΪսʹսʹ
ƣƷŭҲˣҲһθ˵һ飬ҪΪˣһȥ
ˣ
ս⻰ɫ࣬ŭ졣
¿ֱ֮˺һŷӦǵ˹Ц
ǿʹҲֻƷҽΪˡ


1038 ν
ӣȻ˲Ǿݹǲˣսҫһǿҵİ׹⣬ٶ۳һɫ⽣
սս⽣ǳˮıŷ͵ıѹƷ硣
ʹе뱾Ϊһ塣
Ʒ޾ɫ𽣣սˡһܹвˣƷԲŹ
ߣƷ磡ԭΪ֮ԱȻҪǾԸսһǿĹ
ֵܣʹӣһƷսŭսǡ
ಣ
һƿ֮죬ųǸųڿգսγ˶֮ơ
¿֮˴󾪡ȻڴƷսǵսս˿£ȺѾʼŹ㳡ӿ˶
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սǣǼΪмĿʱȴΪŭ
ѵҲ𣿡սʵ
Ʒֵܣ˵أĻص
ãܺãѾûˣڷ磬Ǿͻ壡սɱڰĽе
ҲóⱾ˵ɫһͻȻŭһҫ۵Ľ˲Ƭգǽ֮£ֱӻ壬ӴĽ壬ն޴ͫףսˡ
֮Ѿǿﵽλ֮
λ񣿡սǲһ¡
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Ǻǣ˼ЩСһͽҰɡսϷʰЦЦĿ˷ǡ
Ʒޱ飬ս¿մѾڳ롣ųǻ˿ؽˣԲκεʧ
뵽ڴˣƷ̼˵ս磡ǻսʹˣǾɣ
˵꣬ƷСֱ׵صķȥ
磬Сթսѵ
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ߣѵսʹ廹һСӣֻսʤǵĻҲûʲôȥˡսһչٷȥ
սսһۣΰҡͷҲ׷ȥ
ͷŷĦȳ˵ǣΪ˱СǾɣǰȥƷֵܱɡ
˻׷ȥ
ų֪ʵĲ࣬ȥҲﲻʲôæΪ׸ųǡ
¿մе˼ƷȥֹͣƷսǵսҲǳޱȵȤεǣսĻᶼûС
ĸףײ𣿡ˮĵǰʵ
СҲһŭ⣬ݺݵ߬СȭͷģԺ󳤴ˣһҲҪԼĸһΪǿߡ
㸸׿ɲô۸ġ΢΢һЦ˫۲Ʒȥķɫ¶˼ֵǡ
Բù͢鷳ά˿˻׷ȥ
һ£ԭֵĿ䣬û뵽ΪսǵĵüΪѹ֡Ʒһȥܷսʤʹǿߣ
ƷȾ磬Ƭ֮䣬׵ء
׵أһƬĵأ¼ޱȣͨ˸Կ׵ʹħҲ֮٣ǰѪħĻأǾ͸˵ˡ
ԣսĻƷſɴʩȭšƷʵѾǰǰˣƷػ׿֮ʵǶսҲ·磬ȡʤİջܴ

һӰڿգƷСΪһսΪһγɶ֮ƣŭʱ׼չ
ĵطΪҲ֪ڴʲô⣬ϧǵǴˡǲշ㣬ֻû㣡ս˵۹ⱬεâֱƷȥ
ƷȻս޶ãɫƽзŨҵɱ⣬ὣ˴˱˴ˣȻˣҲȻǻ뿪ȥĵ
ǿǲ֪ʵǲĿһ̸аɣսһͻȻһƷɱȥ
ۼսƷսСŭĺһһɫ׵ĺ
䣡䣡
һľ죬ŨܵĽ׿񱩵ųеսȥ
ԣսȻһȴҲţŹٶĽ׹սͻȻһʹս˲һն
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䣡
սһնƷľԷϣٶһǿһǴ˸ְһ㣬ʹһɰԵķ֮һɴ̼֮ս硣
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ôܣսȫסˣƷʩչĹ콣Уսʵ޷ƣƷ翴ֻλʵΪܹ׾ٵĵסսĹ
ǿ似սҲǵ˿Ȼղֻ̽Եʹ߲ƷɵĽסСƷʵˡ
ǺǣôʵҪɱңڿЦɣƷ缥ЦԪڵľ磬Էķܹɽסս߲ȷʵ⡣
СӣϷڲ㿪ʼأսƷ裬ࡣ
ȣ
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ȷʵǿСƷ簵ڵĿħѾʼת׼Ҫб״̬ˡ
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ά˿ȴʱش˹ʹߴˣ֣ͣ

һ㶣սȴǼΪм
һ£ά˿˹˫֮Ѿʼսˣɫһ£㹧ĳеս˵ʹߴˣʱ֣ͣɴ򰡡
ߣһ̻ʣʲôʸǣսߵ
ά˿һŭеƷ磬ֶս˵Ҳ˼Ĳܴ򣬲Ȼǹ͢鷳
鷳㿪ʲôЦǻСӲɣսĵĽе
Ͳԣά˿Ʒǰɫᶨ˵ҪսĻҲֹǣ
˶ά˿һв֮סˡ
Ʒ絹ǲ֣Ϸ˹Цݣά˿ͦģһࡣ


1039 ŭս
ά˿ڷʲô裡뷴˲ɣսŭ
ҡά˿ҧҧƷǷаЦݣ¶˾ģһɫ˵ʹߴˣҲΪ͢İȫ롣
ȫ⻰ʲô˼սʵ
ߣò˵ǲСӵĶְɣսŭ衣
ҡҲ˼ֻǡά˿һʱ֪ν͡
ٷϻû£ڸҹһȥսȵѾŭˡ
Ǳͣ֡ά˿ĻصһǾƷʵƷά˿жȻά˿Ҳͻλ֮ˡ
ǲͣأսõͳ
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ֹǺǡսһЦвά˿Ҫѵ֪úʲô𣿡
ҵȻ֪ҲΪ˿ǵʹߴ͢İȫұά˿һεĿ϶
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ǣҪɱҾͱϻˣҵŮˣ˵˭أƷϷʰĶά˿ٵ
Ʒ磡סڣά˿ߺ
ѵ𣿡ƷûӵĵЦ
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˰Ķ죬սˣðά˿СڵģȻǵΣţɱСӣ͵˸аɣ
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ͽս죬ɱͽʡð£սе
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䣡
һ죬ʮֽά˿Уǿĳֱ֮Ӵݻά˿ŵ⡣

ά˿ʹһ𵴵ǿ֮Уǿб˳ȥά˿ոճλ֮ʵѴﵽλн֮Ķ֡
ս͵ǰȵһ˽㣡
ݣ
ƿհһǿĹ⽣ѵ֮ƣӭͷά˿ͷնȥ
ά˿һ죬ֳȣݺݵӭȥ
䣡
ǿ⽣ά˿Уǿ̼䵴ӴĹⲨܹϮ˿ȥ
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һǾ޴ͻȻײ˹Ǹּ׻һ㣬Ƹ͡
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ĻҲŻڡά˿Ļص֪Ѿ޷ˣά˿ӿ϶ԼҪѡˡ
˵òҵһ㣡ά˿Ц
ҲֻΪ˹͢ѡά˿ޱĻصȻǰƷܹ׵սʤѪħǣȻҲܹսʤսǡ
ǶǴά˿Լѡ񶼾ǶԵġ
ߣܺãվͺúȥɣս⽣ŭıά˿ɱ
սʵά˿УȫӦԡ
䣡䣡
һľ죬쳹أսά˿ѾҵսһšȻά˿ֻλ֣֮սʤҲֶ֮ѡ
Ʒ翴ýζ
սŭѣսսˣսӦģƷСӵĽ죬ɱС˵
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С˷ܵ˻һͲסˣ϶Ȼŵ׵磬ֱײı˹ȥ
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ݵĳ֮䣬СѾ˹ȥ޴ӻһ޴Ľɫս˵ײ˹ȥ
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ϬĽǿ˺ƿ˿ռ䣬һɿֲĽն˳еսˡ
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ţսսվһ˵ĽƷ硣
սȴǴΪмĵΪʵжǿأԭǲ˶ѡ
Ǻǣ˵ϷŸءƷЦ
Ż˭սɫһսСӻᣬɱ
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Ȼ֮䣬ƷϱһɿֲѪɫâеͻȻǿռҲеηĲţƷǿа֮ǿˮķڡ
ħ֮壡Сǿħ֮壡ս羪ִһսɫˣµĿħ֮壬ƺӵĪľ¡


1040 ħ֮
սսԭɱڵģƷչ¶ħ֮󣬾֮ɱʢΪǸû·ˡ
䣡
ףսǵĳʵ̫ˣȥƷ˳ŭı˹ȥ
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СǸ߰ͷ­˻һ˫˸Ž⣬һ׻ŭ׿ӿ
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˰ܼĽףѹѹĴн٣ıеսǺȥ޴ĽԵ˵
˽֮սǸ޾ɫ׵ôԵʵϲ̫Զ޷㹻˺սǣرսٽλ񾳽ǿߡ
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սһе⽣ݺݵĻɨȥһ޴İɫ⻡ɨ˳Ľף׷ױսһݻ١
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սŭһ˫˫۲˳ްѪ˿ްĳ˹ȥ
սں󣬽ˣս֮£ѾγǿµĹ֮ƣĦſ죬ͬѶƾƾԺˡ
áƷϹ״аЦݣħ֮Ʒгޱȵš

Ʒе𽣾Ȼ˳ȥپˣҲǿƺһ㣬ķɽʵΪս
սɫ䣬û뵽ƷĿԼҧأݺݵĻе⽣סӡ
أ
һ죬ɽ׺ݵĴսе⽣УǿĽ˲⽣еһƬͬſռѣ⽣ƿһѺۡ
ΪʹӼǹΪһġ

սʹһ˳ȥɫԵò԰ײѡ
ȻɽĹƲ޾ʹֹǶ߰ӣޱϬķɽű˳ȥսȥ

սֲѣδȽǱסˣͻȻ侹Ǵסˡ
սһתսǰһֽս˿ȥԼȴǻ⽣ŭɽɨ˹ȥ
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һ죬𵴿Ӵľ֮˾޴ɫ⽻ڵĹ⻡
սԾѣķɽӲ֮ʱ˫ֲɸеԣ˶ɫصɫ俢Ʒ磬ߵǿĽСӹȻЩͣѹά˿ᱳǡ͹ƾʵҪɱǵĻǾͻԶˡ
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С˻һ˫͵һգ֮ļٳ˳ȥЯһԵĽף׹ඥ¡
ȻЩײܶսʵʵ˺ȴöܵţߵĸţսǳûô˳
սսͣһһĵס˽׵ĺ
ۼսǾҪСײʱһӰȻСıϷӶֳɱ˵Ʒ硣
Сģս羪һĿסƷ磬һʹսڣ
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ʱСѾ˿ȥɿֲĶķΧǷǳǿģСǿҲȥӲ
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ž޴Ԫ𽣣İ׹ɭһ㣬Ķսѹ¡
սɫأȴҲ壬СӣĹĿǶˣȴ͹ҵʵ
ͻȻսоǷ˹Ѫ⣬ɫüȵ䡣
ƷһպոоսƱˣüΪ䣬ħЩаʿƺࡣ
ħ֮ۿսһڵȻѪɫͫٴסƷ磬Ļе⽣ȫӲӲĶƷһӭն˹ȥ
ս磡սһУû뵽ս羹ȻƵÿ˶ħ֮ۡ
νħۣ֮ʹĶط䶼һ˵ǱǼʹʥʹҲǶħĻħ֮ۺ󣬻ʹǿħ֮мı׶ˣʹ֮ʵ𣬶ҵħ֮֮󣬱ΪʹΪħ塣
ɼΪ˶ԸƷ磬սҲĻȥˡ
Ʒ֪սһ£Ѿû·ˣԪעУڿµɷҵƷػڵľ磬ɷҵս硣
䣡
ɿֲĽΪһ壬ذΪѸٵıը˿ռֱӻΪ˷飬񱬵Ŀռӿ֮䣬͵һ½ܵ˾޴ĳǵһ㣬½˾ֲѣرֱ˿־塣


1041 䣬ռ֮
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ֲıը֮ڶµľˣ಻ϵӿ˷еҰֲನǡ
ɱըƣѴ½һƬֻš
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ģ㸸׿ǿߡά˿һЦ¶ĵǳԼ
ʹ֪ǻ˼ǧϹһʱͬʱƷʵôǿʹʤˣҲܻḶصĴۡ
Բ£µĻҾҲҪЩ˸ƴˣ˺ݺݵİΪҪųǵĻǸɱȥˡ
ŵλϵȣҲһӡ˵Щʹ޵ԼûȥƷ磬ֻų
ϣȻȻʧɫҽ֮׵һɹɵĳ𣬻ǵĩһ㣬ûһǿ԰ġ
ÿµսѳûԶɫ֣ԼĻǲҲش
ǸսڴŴǾѡ
һսǵսҲܵĲѸڻ˿ȥ
ƷֵܣһǻҵĿռȥǲѡ
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Сӵǲڵڿռ֮УĴǿ񱩵ĿռСӸ޴ӣҴһιĻĿռ㹻СӸ˺Ѷս˵
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ս˵ĻȷʵûƷȻڿռĴԽΪȵĿռУ˷ĿռѾʵʵİΧסƷ磬ƷԴѡ
ά˿ظһϻڲɱĻǿɾĿˡɫһڿɲǽעƷϡ
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ߣҵľһףɱңûôףսһе⽣ֱ
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ά˿кһ޴ǿҵĽ⣬ӭ˰İ׹ͳ˹ȥ
ףά˿ֳȣǿĹͬӴ嫵İ׹ҫά˿ʹǿ֮ϡ
䣡
ǿµռҵ𶯣ֲͬɫĹ⻪ܱ̻Ĺ⻪Żˣ񱩵Ű

ά˿ͬʱһڶԷѹǿб˳ȥ
ͬսӲ˵ȫҲǼܣҲ˳ȥڴǱѡλн֮ԸλλǿߣսҲôɡ
ģǾȻңս췢˫ۣŭԶά˿
ûɱ㣬Ѿˡ
Ƕȥսŭһĳɱ˹
Сġά˿ѵּųеս졣
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ӭսȥּ̼ҵսһš
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Сڿռ⽹Ľкţȴ֪ȥƷ硣
Сû£ЩСѲסҡƷͷݲ𸮵ıƷʵҲܹӾѡ
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СӣھͺñСһܲˡսվڿռ֮⣬յЦš
ǺǣҿɲôΪƷ粻мһЦЦ˵Ĺ졣
ߣͷӲսһսõĻᣬʹǲ˸ǵ񣬵Ҳ뽫ȥ
սһЦеţĿĽűڿռеƷ硣Ʒһ׸ӣսеʹ첻ѡ
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սһ־͵ĳ𣬽ĵİ׹⣬ͻȻһ̫һ㣬֮̾Уһɿֲ
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ֵĻ棬սԵüΪĲ
СӣԽԽ˿͸ˡɱûġս簵ţƷչֵĿ츳ǿĽ˲Ŀħ֮壬ԺǳΪһǿߣֻҪƷķչȷʵмĿ¡
ɱ
ս͵ıһѾõһŴݻĿֲȻն
սһĿзǿҰ׹⽣սĹŭĺ˱ǿռΧƷ硣
䣡
ֲ嫵ԭ񱩵ĿռԽӵĿ񱩣γһɿµĿռ籩˾޴ĿռԾԵĴݻ֮ƽ˱Ʒ硣
һɿռ籩λڴˣҲǱɡ
ˣսЦڻӳһ֮ſȫĽƷָ˲ɱ
Ʒ紦ڻҵĿռ籩У˫۽˵⣬ߵ䣡ռ֮ܣ
͵ģƷӴĿռֱ֮ں󷽴ҵĿռ֮С
Ȼ󣬹һĻˣԭĿռĿϣһ޴Ŀռ֮ܣƷ˲˿ռ֮ܺ棬ٵֽڵĿռ֮תΪԪ˻꽣ʽһʽԷȻ֣ˡ
䣡
ֲĿռ籩ΪԵıݻƷµĿռ֮ܣľĿռ䱩һƬҰ
սսɲҽӽϾܵĲ룬ȥƷԭڵĵطһƬȫĿռ


1042 澳
䣡䣡
𶯵Ŀռ籩Űϣ֮һƬҡ֮緢ҽǷ˽˵Ļ˲ᱻҷ
ˡսѰЦЦԸƷ绹˺ܴľħ֮۶һΡ
ƷֵܡȻ
Ʒ硭ά˿ɫ԰ףɫüΪѿ
ǺǣСˣ־£СӾˡսһЦˣڿԺúýˣά˿ͽˣҲὫ磬ҲҪĥ
˵壡ȻѡҲԲά˿ȣڿƷӰ֮ʱά˿оĪ˸ֺ޲ɱսǵĳ嶯
ƷֵΣ㳥ɣŭһ˫Ŀĳɱ˹ȥ
һΣƴˡ
䣡
βһɨȥս쵱˿ȥ
ݣϣ̽ɫצŭץȥսκεķᡣ
ά˿Ҳ֪Ϊα˵ķŭŭĳȥֶκһֱȫƱҪսһ㡣
Ƿ𣿡սŭ˵ĹͣսֻֿɲʼǰˣÿһΪССģΪǺܻܿġ
ά˿˫۷Ѫ˿սƺſ̹ǵĳһ㣬ֻɱɱɱսһ𣬿ŭĹ
䣡䣡
ÿһĽǾء
սһ߽һߵֵ˵͹ƣԵΪǱϾսڵҲ޾ģÿһεĵֵĶ
֮ǿҩһ㣬ԽԽǿѸͣƵսĻᶼûС
սע⵽սߵľҡͷսһʧȻսʤˣҵȥˡ
£սҡҡͷԶĴսǱûģһﻹûʵɱս죬ǵûҪһ⡣
磬ƷѾȥˣʲô⣿ѵǽ󲻹ֻλʵѣɿˣͽշˡսհ˵ǴǼá
˵ľǴ⡣սɫһ
ôˣսʵԼĴһϽ±Ȼ˼򵥡
Сӵޣ˵ˣһӦûόƴŶԣǴȴ˵ķ⡣սصĻص
˼ǣս˻ȻƷǼһûôܣȫĿռ籩УʮʹҲǱɣοСӣ
ԣղǹСӵʱойɿռϢСӺܻܿǸ񼶿ռϵʦսȻ
񼶿ռϵʦսѾȫĴסˣƷҲ̫̬˰ɣȻֻλռ伶ϵʦ
ֻҵĲ²⣬ҲǴģΣǴ⣬ɱ˵սɫһ䣬⽣סԶĴ
ȻܿϧġսصǴɱĴ
ɱ
սһȥ
սɫųɱȥ
С򾲵Ĺ֣˴ΪһΣյȦס
սǿûֵ˼ɱ˹ȥ
Ȼʮľ룬սǵٶȺܿ죬⣬˵ɱԵСϡ
ۼ˾ҪɱС֮ʱ
ͻȻһϤսǵҪ𣿡
Ʒ磡
սɫɫͻȻ䱻һ㣬ĵĿ־塣
͵ģһת㿴ƷֳǶħĮӰնгŰ׹𣺡˻ʽƽն
ƷԪڵʵƽնʵֲ԰Եһӻһ޴İ׹⻡â˺ƿռ䣬նˡ
ңսħ֮ͫױ죬е⽣ǿ֮ǰ
սӦһģǿ⽣ŵǰ
˻ͻսսδʹȫǡǡǶƷԵƽһնǿǿӲݻٶֹƵĽʽ
䣡
ǿһžԵնսˡ
䣡
һ죬֮ɢ״޴Ĺ⻪ֲľǲĺˣ鲨ĴݻܱߵĿռ䣬޾ĵ


սͬʱʹһ𣬿ֱӱڵѪֲĽе˳ȥ
Ʒֽ֣Ȼ
ڱ֮УͻȻ˳ȺĽףֱӽսǸͷһͷںڣǱ˾ÿЦ
ౣ
СžϲѣԼĽú⡣
׺濾ˣζƷ糰ĴЦ
Ʒ磡TMôûһ򶨵ս磬ҲƷô󱬴ֿڡ
ս˵һһģУʱܹܴ裬˿ǵͬڷеү
磡ս쾪㵲ѣƷĳָе𾪲ѣǼսǱƷһܸеŭѡ
ǺǣҾ֪Ǽһûôսܡά˿̵ЦƷĳ֣Īļ¶һ¡
ƷֵܣҾ˵ôЩأĴЦţսⰻȻһսЦǺǣҲÿˡ
Mսŭһŭն˹ȥ
ά˿׼ȫӭȥ
䣡
һ죬ǿǿײжԵչ˴ը۵Ĺ⻪еһС
ⲻ֪սһģδȫһ̣ս쾹תһƣٵսǵȥ
ˣ׷ŭά˿һͬ׷˹ȥ
ಣ
սѾսǵǰվһŭƷ硣սƷвֻֽܴƷ硣
ǼƣֻεƷߣŭĶսˡ
Ʒ磡һսӮˣս
Ʒͷɵ磬ѾòʣµľͽҰɡ
㣿һ㶣Ʒ磬һһĻΪ֣һ˵Ļ²׶Ը
ߣ˵òǱϾ磬طΪ֣ھͱˣЭ㣬ܽǸˣά˿ߵĪĶƷ
ͽôĿս
ǺǣѾȰˣɲǵġά˿΢΢һƷ硣
ߣҲ̫˰ɡս
ţǱɣ
磬ˣڲЩбܽѣΪ壬ҵúһ£ʹкα£Ʒгơ
Ʒ˾⣬ά˿㲻ˡ
ս֮ɫƷ磬Ѿһսʹˣղȥ㣬ǾԲ磡
ֻϧҲزȥˡƷ𽣣ɱԽŨңԭȵĿҲĪı


1043 ս
ǱڵвƷԻѡնݳǰҲ־Ժʹĵˡ
Сӣ㲻˵󻰻𣿡սŭܵƷḶ̌ѾսǸеĪ裬û뵽·磬зǿȫʹ
磬˵ˣȻСҪսˣҲٸСӿս޲ýƷʬΡ
ûҾͲСˣսݺݵ⽣
ģȤġƷһЦֲŴ˵磬Ǻúÿűǣ˵öˣ
Сġѵٴ˿һЩ롣
Ʒ磬ĵ㣬Ǿеô򵥡ά˿ٴѵﾹĪڵƷ磬һȴΪ˹͢ķԶƷĹġ
ģûµġƷص¶Цݡ
Сӣսһ
սսѸٵƷȥٶȼޱȣͬǻеһӱƷγ˰Χ֮ơ
ݣ
һĽ⣬ſµɱΧƷ硣
ƷɫһȻ壬еͻȻ֣Իǿҵİ׹⣬ʻưܴ˳ȥ
սȻ󾪣ѾǵһμʶƷǿĽˡ
͵ģսǽȻŭһǷɻĳȫն˹ȥ
䣡
һޱȾ죬ռ䱬ѣսͬʱƷķɽԲУǿҵĹУ𲨸˻ȥ
ಡһ
˲صƷУƷ統ѡ˻ˣս֣ӲӲĻȷʵǷǳǵģղƷҲֻս˵ĺϻжǿѡ
ãսǻû˵Ʒ硣
ɱսŭеβһţеƷչ湥׺ݵĽ⽣ֻҪһֱȫĺ
ݣ
һƿ֮죬սŭɱ˹˲ӵƷǰе⽣ҫͬ˰ڵİ׹⣬Ʒնȥ
Ʒ粻ԸɫһڵԪӿУһ˻һʽԷ
˲䣬Ʒ⣬һǿʵĽʵʵĻסӡƷػڵľ磬Էķԭǿʮ
ս֪⽣ǿù죬Ƿŭֺն˹ȥ
䣡
ǿĺھԷУĵӴǿƲռѸٵӹѣನŰ۵Ĺ⻪ڸסһƬҰ
ǿά˿ನϮ֮£ҲȲѵˡ
ð亹ҲǸű˿ԼȥӲսǵĻҪˡ
ⲻǸе𾪣սǶѣΪֵĹȻƷȫȫĵסˡ
⻪ɢȥƷڽ֮УЦǺǣǿǿһЩȻû˼ˡ
ˣݵÿսŭѣӽȵʹս֮ն
ʹսһնսе⽣â䡣
ʹս˲һնսȵ⣬˳ȥ
ǿʹսս裬ҫŴ۵Ĺ⻪̾âͬޣֺԵɱӭƷ
ǺǣʱˡƷһЦڵԪӿУһɿֲĽ˵˫͵һţȵػһʽ򣡡
䣡
һ£֮˷˲䱻һĽ֣ƷⷽԲ֮ڵĿռ䣬ĽĻ¡
ã쵲סս羪У˹Ľǵһμ
սսɫ֣û뵽ܽԱЩµĽΧˣûκһ˿ķ϶ǿԵ׵֮֮ͬУ޴ӡ
䣡䣡
һǿµĽ£ǿǴĿġҲǵһμƷʹõػ꽣û뵽˿µǸĻᶼûС
ά˿˼ˮƷչֿµ򣬸ǼԼµľƷ磬ԶǶԵġ
֮УսǾƷӰȫѰԭѾõǿʹսֻжǺҶµĳȺ
¡¡
񱩻ҵıը֮ռз׷ѡ
սǵʵǲʩչʹսȫӭֵȴǱȺĽֹһ㣬һһĺ
磡սЩֵסˣĹѾЩ˺ü˿ڡ
ħۣ֮սе
սսһ־֮£Ǳѡ
ħۣ֮
ս˴һ˫۾ȻаѪɫâڵȻ
סսеĿϮ֮£սǱѣԭѱıˡ
ս˫һ죬ħ֮ۿͻȻõǿŭе⽣ӭϿٵĽкնȥ
䣡䣡
һһǿҶѵĿռ˵Ŀ񱩣ѾĿռ֮УĴǷĽ֮ڣκ֮ﶼ޷ߡ
Ʒ֮УһЦǺǣսʹأҵ򶼵ֵס𵱳ѪħǣЩ˿ɾͲԶˡ
ֲĽը֮֮УǿĽ٣һһս˵ѾǼΪʹĥʱôǱ
ڣһʹڣеĹͣˡ
񱩵Ŀռ䣬ָƽ
Ʒ粻Ȼòսǿħ֮ۺʩչĻսƷɲұ֤սսڽӵģû뵽ǸסˣȻһס
ʱս˺ۣڴŴδйĴܣ֣ȻƷһжֵǱ
ΣҪɱҾֻãɡƷӮһսǳ̼ҲƷս
սû˵ˣɱ˵ĻƷǧˡ
Ʒὣ˵ɣ
սһۣƺڽʲôյһ㣬˴˻ĵ˵ͷ
ݣ
սͻȻֻӽһʼսһ㣬εƣΧƷ硣
йŹ֡ƷɫһȻսŭΧоսڵǱ˼ĺ֡
Ҳ˵սεĹǳ⡣
ǳֻΰĻӽʵ֮ս죬ĳɱȥ
ƷĽˣһӱƵսǰ𽣣һ˷ȻƷ֮£ս첻壬ǰóѰЦݡ


1044 
֪ս⣬ƷѾ޷ˡ
սƷһϮǱ߷հЦݣǺǣСӣˡ
ȻƷĶ֮һ򣡡֮
Ʒɫ䣬Ȼ֪ʲô򣬵ȻܹԵȻͬѰȥƵһŭնս졣
䣡
һ죬սǲ˿Ȼǹʧ
ʲôƷһȻ͵ת·һƬհףƷ类һƬããĿռ֮С
ֵ֮ĽܰɣǱҪʹĥããĿռУܻսյЦ
ߣֶҪסңƷ粻мߵ
Ȼǣĩ֮ŸոտʼءսЦ
ţƷľ֮У֮ǹֳһ޴ľӣӹ⻬͸һ澵ӳһƷӰ

ܵľӣʼƶƯһ㣬ΧסƷ磬ƷģǾеġԼ
ǣұǣҲǣҲǣ֮ƷȫЩľӸסˣЩƯеġԼƷΪЩˡ
ڵı󣬻ѹƷ翴еġԼġ
ôԼͲ𣿡һľУԼڶƷ緺ЦĿ
ͻȻ
һ
Ʒǰһ澵ӣͻȻ˿ս羪Ȼѵľгɱ˹е⽣Ķ׼Ʒؿڱ㼱˹

Ʒһӭսն˹ȥʵʵӲһǣ˸һսȴǹ˿תʧ
Ʒ绹ûüӦô£ǰ֮һ澵ӣСԼڶƷ緺ƵЦǺǣСӣôоܲɡ˵УͨλǿҲҪ档úþɣǻףսʹԶ޷սʤġ
ȥƷžеġԼֱӻӻһǿĽ
飡һ
Ǿеһɹ΢΢һ¡
Ȼ󣬹һĻǳ֣Ʒһ֮УǴ澵з˳ƷϮ˹

Ʒ羪ѣ˿ȥ
ݣ
ǽûлƷ磬ȴһ澵ϣһ澵з䵽һ澵УѭǽеľнȻͬ䣬Ʒ磬һǿĽ˷ΧƷ硣
ʲô
Ʒȫˣְп࣬ⲻԼԼ
£ƷһԷ
û취Χ֮£ֻʹþԷķˡ
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һ죬٣ƷľԷҲŴݻˡ
Ʒһˣŭѡ
֪ƷĹ֮жǿ˶ྵзʢԷݻٲ֡øղƷδʹǿĽǶĻоԷҲҪˡ
֮֮УֻҪھеķ䷶ΧеĹͬȵǿȷԽ࣬Խ࣬ҲԽǿ
ģֻʹˡƷţбֳ𸮣һжȥ
ϧƷ羪㵵ǣ֮УҲʧȥЧã֮УƷĻҲżµơ
Ҳܵġ
ô죿Ʒͷϲɷ亹⹥ĻʱǾԲеģľӻ⵽䣬Ʒ粻ðաԴеĻǾ͸㣬ΪΧоеġԼпսǶ档
Ʒ磬ղǺǿôȴأսЦƷʩѹƷɼš
Сӣ˰ɣ㣬ҾЩ棬޴ڣɱҵĻ͵ȻЩӣȻԶ޷ҵǵĴڡսŴЦ
ǺǣϧղŲͿɱˡԺҲûлˣһúýеСԼսǵЦ
ƷŭѣסΧĶţҵ侲κ򣬾֮侲һҪ侲
ֻ֮ƷǸղڵķΧ֮ڣѾȫЩİ׹סˣƷսǵǰʧˡ
ˣά˿һء
Ȼ򣡡ɫһҵƷֵܴ鷳
ͬά˿΢΢ͷ
ҲС˹ߵ˵Ѿоˣҵż鷳Ǳ
ȫһҪһ
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ౣ
С˻һֱʩչŭ׿ӿǿ츳׼ĳһͬǰâռ䡣
ά˿һеתһ޴İɫݺݵǰâռкȥ
䣡
һ죬쳹أȫһ͵ĺǰâռС
䣡
һ죬زû뵽ǰâռ侹˵ǿᣬǷһǿϮ֮ݺݵĽǸ˳ȥ
ôôǿά˿һ
ʵŭһ
䣡
Ǽ˵ȫǰâռȻȫûЧͬǱһɾ޴ķ֮˻
һΣȴǱѪڣŲܣǰâռȴһ㷴ӦûУ籤ݣְ塣
MDôȻһ˿𻵵ĺۼûС̲ס˾ֿڣŭӾͲˣһͲƲĵĶ
ţ֣ά˿ȴͻȻ䵲ǰţְͣɣ
ֵ֣ͣô죡
ҪˣС嶯Ľкȵ
ȱ嶯ǵĸ飬ҲǵƷ磬ûоռܹ죬ȻпԶǵĹɷ֮ôȥĻǲֲ˱ˣشǾ͸Կˡά˿˵
һ£ʵоҲȷʵˣ߷߲ʵ˵ô죿Ʒ𣿡
ûκεİ취ֻʵֻеȡˣƷ籾ǲͬѰˣһδε֮ΣУܹǿͦţһҲ⡣ά˿侲˵Ϊ˵ȴް취
Щԭ嶯С侲ɻͷǰâռȥǲѣҲֻеˡ
ƷֵܣɱʧˣҶڵ˵


1045 
ʱƷ֮УʱκεĶ
ڵƷ磬Ǳ˼̵һ㣬û뵽֮ʱƷֻܲȡԾƶսԡ
ϾռҲҪģƷ粻֣ʱˣ֮սҲ䣬ʧȥǵơ
ΧӳճġԼϵĶƷ̼̽Ʒ綼ᣬʱסܣֻҪսһֵĻƷչ
ߣͲǲ֡Ʒ簵һԵޱȵ򶨡
Ʒ磬û뵽ĵӿСҲ˶ѡеڡԼڶƷš
ƷܴĽкȵЩˣ֪ʲô⣬ǣӲһףЩֵĻǾҴսһ۵ҽУⲻ𣿡
һͻȻƷһ澵ӱ˿սе⽣۶
ãƷһתһʵʵսһǡ
䣡
һ죬ǿǿƾУƷսԱ˿ȥսȴֹʧ۳һ澵ӡ
һףƷһսǵʾΡ
飡飡
ͻȻ֮죬Ʒ֮УսսͻȻľ֣߶Ʒγ˼л֮ơ
ȥɣ
սŭһͬսе⽣ŶĿİ׹⣬ŭĶƷӺն˹ȥ
Ʒ޾ɫµľսǲˣֻҪսһ֣Ʒȫչ
˵֮УսսʵƷȫֵĻֻҪ죬Ҳлɵǡ
ݣ
Ʒе𽣣ٵתֳһ޴Ĺ⻡⻡֮УǷŵɫ𣬾Ȼ˻Ĺøӵ
͵һ£Ϯǿ⻡ս˱ն˹ȥˣƲɵ
䣡
սһŭնƷ罣ӻĽǿҵһӴ𶯵ռ
Ʒʵǿᣬ֮ǿսȻУԱ˳ȥ
ǿսɫ䣬ƷӲ֮ʱ㱻ѣȣʵǿ÷˼
Ʒɫһ䣬ȻŹλᡣ
£Ʒս𽣣ڵԪעУǿҵİ׹⣬ս˹ȥ
ಣ
սǵ˿ȥֻΪ澵ӣʧƷ֮С
Ʒ羪һ£ס˽ƣһն澵ˡ
MDֱǸˣƷ簵һ֮УҪɱսǣѶȷʵͦġ
Ʒ磬ɣǲģ֮еġԼֶƷЦš
ȷʵս˵ûƷҪɱսȷʵе㲻ʵ֮棬ټ٣ΪӵСԼٵġ
ҵ취Ʒ簵ţ𽣣Ҫҳ֮ð취ǾҪȥ˽⡣
뵽ڴˣƷǰһ澵ӣеġԼȴԵ˵аҲƷһ˵Լ
ߣҾԻ֮ƷְһеԪת𣬵ȴѹΪԪ
Ͼڿȥ̽ԪĻķ̫ǿҲսǻɡ
ȣ
Ʒһе𽣣ֱӱǰһ澵ӻһ
أ
һ죬ֱ澵Уеһɹߣ㽫ͬȵ䵽ΧЩС
ٶеľӶ˷䣬һһ㣬ͬ޵ƷϮ˹
Ʒһ£ʼܷЩ
̣ƷӶŹ֮ңӵ˼¡
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ڣƷ绹Ƕ㲻ɴͣ˶彣ţסӡ
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ĽһſڵƷϱը˿ƷʩչԪֵǱ
Сӿ湻ģ֪Ǳɣȥƻ֮ڰеսЦƷ˴еޱȵʹ졣
ҲǳˣԼͻԼսհĸЦ
ҸоСЩ⡣սͻȻҡͷһ˫ڰпƷ硣
磬ʲô⣬ʮʹǵ֮ҲڽӣοСӡսǲм˵֮ޱȵš
ûо𣿸ղСǹŪԼģΪӸղСӵĳ֮ʱԶԶû֮ǰǿ˵⵽乥ĻСӵʵȫɵӦսɫ˵
ǶˣСҪʲô⣬µ֮ɲô׾ͿƵġֻСһˣ֮ĻǿǷǳġսɫ˵
ҲɣǵСĵ㣬ֻҪлĻɱ˵Ƚϱասһص˵
ս΢΢ͷڰƷһж
˿̣Ʒϸϸĳ˼š
Ӹղŵ̽УƷѾ֪֮ԭ
ʵ֮Уϵķ۵ԭƷΧĿռ䣬Ƿռ㣬Ʒ籾ռγһ۵㡣ƷȥЩӵʱ򣬱Чһͬ䣬ɶƷ˵ǷǳΣյģǿǻ⵽ԼҪ֪ǿ϶ٱķ
ƷڵİΧռƷǱΪһ۵㣬ƷӵֻҪûƿ֮ЩͻἯƷϡ
򵥵˵֮ǵ幥Ҳ˵һĻλһ˵Ļпܲһˡ
ˣǿ֮Ҳ˵ȫûġ֮㣬Ǿǲܱ˽ľ۵ֿȻصķҡ
ңӸղŵ֮̽УƷо֮ÿһķ֮ʱЩӵǿȴмҲǶһ
ԣƷѾһ󵨵սԣǾǴӷľ۵֡ڱ˵֮һƷɾͲһȻܶ棬еһЩƷ绹ǿʹõġ


1046 
MDѾˣôƷֵܻûĴռеľһŲ֪ҲѹᵣǼˡ
ά˿Ե侲һ£ɶСʵоڵľ𣿡
֪ҿԸоڵ˻ûʲôΣյľСص
Ǿֻмˡά˿ε̾Ϣһ
ѾȲˣСԭǹǺĽе
ߣ㻹һλ侲ȥˣڿɲǳ嶯ʱλʹ£ôά˿һ
˵࣬ҲԼʵ̫嶯ˣҲֻ̫ƷİΣˣά˿˵ά˿벻ҲͦƷֵܵģƷֵиˡ
죡ά˿ŭһͨ졣
ǺǣȻ⡣ЦЦæ˦ͷ
㣡ά˿
ڣƷľȷʵǺܺãƷڶһҲǲڰʱ䡣
Ҫ׵Ļ֮ǵøһЩˡ
ҲֻˡƷεİ̾һڻų֣õսǳ֮ƷٰԭļƻУЩƻ֮ļʾ͸ˡ
ȴѾãƷȻɫֻǶܼΪ衣
磬СôֲˣսԵòͷ˵
ҪСһֱȥĻҲ洦սص˵ڵڲϵģȻһĵõĲ䣬ҲĵԶԶյҪĶࡣ
ȥҸǱ֣žԵƣս˵֪ԽƷ罩ȥĻԽӲ

սѾ⽣סΣ͵͵ıƽƷ
Ȼ֮УսǺƵģΪȫռȨѡֵĻƷҪչĻܵơ
ƷʱսȴֵĻᡣ
ϾѾ콩һСʱˣսǵҲӦĥ˲٣Ӧ׼ҪѰֵĻˡ
ͻȻ
飡
һ֮죬ս˾Ȼľг
һΣ˲һ塣ͬʱе⽣ͬһʹսѹ⣡
䣡
ͬƳǿںսֲǵذıƷ硣
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ƺΪһ壬Ĺ⻪ǹſռѶ˿֩һŰסƷ㷽
Ʒ粻УҲûҪ㣬ڵԪӿ𽣣һ˻ʽƽն
ӲӲʹƽնһоʺϲˡ
䣡
Ӵһװľ죬ǿľϮӿɨܡ

սһ˵ƻɾʧ
Ϯľƣȴ֮⵽˷䣬ȻӿһɿֲľǾ˰Ĵ˷ѹƷ硣
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ϮľЩͬСӡ
䣡
죬ıը֮ĳƷ磬ҵĹ⻪ûƷӡ
ʹ죡սЦһȻ֪һвȫɱƷ磬ƷӦҲЩࡣ
磬ʵˣСӻǸս˵ȻĵԽӾ޴󣬵ҲǶ
սһ֮ɫûлشս˵ĻǽǻҵĹ⻪ƺֻҪƷ粻Ǿͻ˺ܲһ㡣
ģҵĹ⻪ɢȥ֮Ȼ
Զ׼Ʒʹ˷ǿľԷΪػҲ˲ٵĿࡣ
սǵĿٴƷȥ֮ʱȴȫľסˡ
պգƷֲ֮ŰĶһӰӰ𾪵ǣȻƷ硣
ǷҲǻӰʵʵڵĴڡ
ûƷĵڶ塣
ˣƷ۳µĵڶ塣ԭΪʱ޷ó֮оʺϲˡ

սһƷڶĳ֣һɲԤгͷ
һĻֵʵ̫ˣ̫˲˼ˣսһ㷴ӦĻᶼûС
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Ʒĵڶ͵ĳ˲ӵǰһ澵ǰ˫ƣǿҵİ׹⣬ŭһ澵ػ˹ȥ
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Ʒڶٶʵ̫ˣּսǵķӦһǾ͸޷ֹˡ
ǣսǻǷȥ
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һ죬ƷĵڶѾȫһ澵С
Ȼ֮䣬޴ƾ澵еõ˷䣬һǿƾڷо۳һǿµƷĵڶС
һ̣ƷĵڶЦˣհЦˡ
ȻƷĳ룬һע˵ڶĻ𣬶֮ļֵƷ֮Ļᡣ
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ͬʱ䣬һ̣ƷնڵԪǺעУһǿµĽȻӿͽȻĽƣ̼סƬռ䡣
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װһһٵĻ
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ֲĽȻ֣һͬѰĽͽȻ֣˲ռƬռ䡣
ʱʹôΧ򹥻Ļո֮ͬɼķҡ
أأأ
һֲĽ꣬ŻذĴݻ֮Ľٶ¡

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һĽǺըһ䣬֮⵽˴δеķҡڻǳܲסЩĴϮһ澵˿
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֮Ȼһ춯ذıը֮죬ǰããռУͻȻӿһǿֲľ޾ܵϮ˿ȥ
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˵ıը֮ռȫܲסȻѶ׵طԲʮ֮أ˲䱻Ϊƽأޱҫ۵Ĺ⻪ʵĽߣһƬ֮ɫ
ֲ½ܵӰ죬Ƿ˴һ㣬죬еԪҲޱȵı֮ϽϺҲ˷ڡ
ɼһıըжôĿֲ


1047 ʹ
¡¡
̼֮лȥˡ
ģһеƽϢ
ÿµԶһ°ӣղǹڴ˵ĻǿǱɡ
ǿǱˡά˿ɫһζƷʵе𾪡
⻪ɢȥռϡ
ʱɵ۵ǣһƬããĿռ䣬ȴȻţȻռʮķΧ
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ȵȡСͻȻæոѾˣ˵ǲҪӦ
ߣһﻹôԸά˿һ
ô죿سˣʡ
ʲô֣ȻǼһܹռ⴫ζѾûܵռӰˡҲãҲʡЩά˿εĻص
ʱƷȻռ֮УֻΧԭڵЩӶѾƷݻˡ
ƷսƷһߣԵޱǱսǣ֮ƣǵ˺ͦġ
ȻƷĵڶ屻٣ҲǲһӰ죬Ҳ˲ٵԪƷӵпħѪӵųıֻҪսƷڵԪԵõԴԴϵĲ䡣
ǺǣλܰɡƷȤζЦЦ
սŭѣȴòƷʵλ񶼸еֵ֮ȻƷˡ
СӣңղǸô£սʵϾ֮УǷĻǾԲ䷴ģսǺ⡣
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Цǵ֮ȻˣλÿռҲôѵġս
Ȼ֪Ҫ׵ĻƷ˵һ׳Ĺ쵭ɫ棬ӻڿն
̶һɿֲϢʼƬռ䡣
Ϣƺڵӿһɼ⣬Ĵ̼սǵĻꡣ
ǿʼҫ۵ĵɫ棬ƷħӰǵɫʱʱ֣һɱƬռв˱˪
û֮ķ䣬Ʒɷҵռо޵еĴڡΪʣµһռλÿռ䣬ʵҲһþռ䣬ƷѸоˣʹɷҵ𹥻ʺϲˡ
оλÿռƺƷʧȥЧãһֲԤнսǵͷ
սһӦٶһߣ
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䣡
һ죬ռȫ٣һ磬ҵĹ⻪֮Сֲӿܡ

ǶȻһܵˡ
ãǱ㾪ϲĿԶֳһϤӰ
Ʒ磬ˣֽ޵аս϶
֮ƷһսһͷӣͷɢޱȣĻʲôʹЩˣһݵˡ
ˣѾ޷ˡά˿΢΢ǱսǣƷƽȥռ䣬аϲ
ƷֵܣɵƯЦ
ౣСҲ˷ܵĴС
Ʒ𽣣ɱǱսǳˣҷʱˣľɡ
ߣƷ磡ΪǵͿţ㻹˵Ķ֣սһħ֮ٴοӶȡǿ
սսҲûѡΪܹȥƷҲٶȿ˶ħ֮ۡ
οħۣ֮սǵ˺ܴ
رս磬ԭѾһζħۣ֮ڵοսõǿ֮󣬱ڵĹѾʼ˱ʡ

սʹĴһ˫۳죬Ŀޱȵ˫ȭʹ
սԭ׵𽥵ĿʼΪں֮ɫ봿ħ֮ȫͬսڵĹҲתΪħ
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磡
սǿĻ˺ѷΰ˻һԵ˵ʹ࣬ƷҲԽӵʹޡ
ǺǣȻǶʹά˿һЦ
кϢνʹҲȫʥġ̵
Ʒе鷳ˣʹҪԭȵʹҪǿϼ֡ά˿ص˵ʹΪʹά˿ǱȽ˽ġ
ʱսȫȼյħޱȵаѪɫӽƷ磬ϸ¶˼ŷļݺݵ˵Ʒ磬ΪʹҲҪȥ㣡˶٣սֻͷս˵ս죬սԺ󶼲ܸǻˣƷǱóȥ
磡İɣСӾԲģսսһɱڵӣٱƷȥĻսҲԥĳΪʹ
Ǻǣ˵ģҪ˾ԲңǡƷһЦսΪ˶ʹƷҲǳš
ˣվͽʬΣսŭһкڰħֱӱƷɱ˹
սս£⽣ŭ
˵ĹƷ粻У绬˹ȥսǵİΧ˹ȥֱսȥ
ߣʹֱΣƷһ𽣣ǿԪὣն˹ȥ
սѽħģа֮ѾʧȥԭǣƷǿһֱսħʵʵĽ˹ȥ
䣡
챩𣬾أһһӴĹⲨײһɿֲľƣӿϮ˿Ŀռòһǲ˿
Ʒսһǵɰ߼ٵĵ˳ȥ
һƾС


1048 ɱ
ʵȻࡣƷ簵սתΪʹ֮ʵȷʵԭǿ࣬ϻսսĻƷҪԸȷʵЩ֡
ƷѾǺǿˣԽսһսǿߣȻ·硣
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䣡
ǿǿһǴĽһɶĿĹ⻪ɢţжԵɾĳΪģռѼѸٵӡ
սЦһǿħϵӿڽУݺݵıƽƷ磬ӲƷѡ
ʹսƿգ
ʹսѿգ
սսȻһƷ类սѹţ߼лǿսȻڵΧ
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ۼսҪնƷ硣
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̣Ʒ΢΢һˣЦֻ֣ҪҲǾԶɱң
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ȻսΪʹʹսǿʹõġ
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ƷһѾܾûʹýˣԪû뵽˵Ŀ¡
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վԶǴĿġ˿µĽҲֻƷſˡ
ƷӰĴÿһʽӵ˼£Ͽ£ĳ裬ҰҲȫЩڸǡ
TMDҹսŭһὣһɨȥһ޴Ĺ⻡ֱӽǰĽʮ˺Ϊ˷顣
սҲǷŭͬʱնһ׾ĽƿնȥƬĳ˲٣¡¡쳹֮С
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ΪƷᱣһôãΪһΪԵ
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һһɫۣ֮УЯŹĵɫ档
һҲǻһ֮޼᲻ݣȥƿò˼飬ѾȫԽ˹١
ս羪ֵĵɴ˫ۣͻȻоԼ֮
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һ̣ռֹ⾪˵Ľ٣ս綼޷㣬˵սˡ
вһ̣ս缤Ǳ̧ܰħǰеħעС
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һ죬ķɽݺݵսħ֮СԵĽƣսеħеһ֮⣬Ȼħ˲仯Ϊ˷飬Ľâļս硣
ʱҲ֪սӺζǿһƣȻǷɽƫˣǷɽսĸдƿһȭͷСѪ

սҽһ԰ףдѪݺݵı˳ȥ
磡
ս˿һҲ˲ȥչսˣʧȥ𽣵ƷֵĻᡣ
͵һ£սǿһŭĳƷ硣
Ʒԭزսǵı
ǺǣķϧǴˡƷһЦ
Ʒ罻ֵĻǾƷƵĽǾȫϳġ
ݡһ
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ϬĳֱӴսضŽѪսؿеֱӱǷɽơ

ս쾪ֵĵɴ˫ۣǰѪ־ĶԶЦƷ硣Ҳ벻ֵķɽȻ˻
ս죡
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ⲻ֪ȴսһƺݺݵƿĴеʹӣ
ӵȥƷ˹
ս˫۷Ѫ˿һٶǿп˶ħۣ֮ŭеӸƴˣ
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ƷһԷһӭһˡ
һ̣սشս磬ƴеķȥ
Ʒɫһ䣬ӣ
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ս֪ӲˣΪƷٶʵǿˣ˫һݣȻսһ㣬ٶȿ˶ħۣ֮еսеߣ
ս
սʹĴһڿɲԥʱ򣬱ļȥ
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䣡
սӱ㱬ը˿Ʒ粻ѱٴα˳ȥռ䱬ѣ⻪ڸһƬҰ


1049 սľ·
ߣңϧѾûˡƷһ漴㽫õսС
ɣƷźķ򣬷׷ײʵģȻǱսǼһˣ
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ŭѾʧս硣
ܾôŹ׷ŭ׷ȥ
磬׷ˡƷͻȻס
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ҵ˲٣սǼһѾӵ˺׷ȥĻҲҲһܻƷεҡͷ
ߣֻһܴܽѣȥ׷ǡߵǲŹսˡ
ûսԲܷšά˿
ౣ
С˻һҲʾͬ
ǺǣѾˣҲ׷ϣοǣǾ׷ˣҲսĶ֡ƷҡͷЦԪأսսƴ赲ȻƷĻô׷Źս硣
֮УãȻƷ׷Ҳ
ƷЩԵúΣҲܲʣƷ˵ȷʵûҪ׷սѾǲܵˡ
MDѵǼһˣ޺޵Ľ
ά˿һ֮ɫƷ˵ս˲򵥣ѾΪ˿µĶʹϵԽãԽǲ
ȻƷǷģսѾش˶ķˣʵָ֮󣬱ȥһ˺ҵˣһܲˣ
ˣһɻ
ǺǣԺǱ֪ˡƷһЦ˵ĵȻϽɺˣϺϽɺ£սӵȻ߲ˡ
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ҲǣȥʡôҵġЦЦһ۸ոսȥķ˵ֻһЩˡ
һQ˶áƷһά˿ЦǺǣղſлл㣬ûѡսվһߡ
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ƷһɲǿЦģȷʵûˣҿɲһȺԸңҿûôԸȥԸǡ
ͨе鷳Ҳֻˡά˿һɬ˵ʵܻܲȥͨҲǸδ֪ѡ
ƷЦЦʣ½ͨǹ͢˵ǷǳҪΪλһ
˵𣡻Ϊ㣡ά˿ûıƷ磬̾ѾŭʹǣϢĻҲ߲ˣɸɴĽͨˣҲȻᴫȥˡ
ԭˣҲΪԼѡƷһЦ
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СХһƷķٻȥ
ά˿һۣ˴˼Ѿʧȥ˺⣬ǰĶųǡ

ʱʵĺ֮Уֳսǰ
ڵսѾش¸бƿһѪʵǲҲ̶ãսڵħҲĵıȽء
Ʒ磡㺦λֵܣҾԲŹģսݺݵҪҵһԶذĵطʵָ֮ȥԸƷˡ
ʹиΪµĵطǾǵΪʹ֮Ųϵɱ¾ʹڵħ᲻ϵǿ
Ҳ˵ʹʵɳԭʹ֮廹Ҫϼãã֮УøսθĻᡣ
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ϵȻӿһаϢʼսΧ˹

սһܽкȵ˭ҹ
ս֪Ʒ磬ΪΪʹ֮սаϢΪУһӱˣӦħϢһǿԭ۷״̬ԼҲǲ¡
Ϸ˵˭أԭʹˡЦһλªߴ˳ҳûյӣζս硣
ħˣû뵽½з˴½ħˡսȴ޾ɫһһĻսҲ̫Կ
ǺǣԷ˵˽ʵ̫ˣһҪǿˣɶءǳªһЦΪ㵵ս磬˵⸱Ǳ˵ҲƷСӵԿ˰ɡߣȻ˶Ϊ˶ʹĻȻЩ
סڣսŭѣĵǳª߷̵ȻҲ֪ƷСӣɼҲСӵԹȻ˵˵֣ҿħ˾Ƿеķ
ǳªŭ˵ѵˣǾΪϷʳɡ
˵ţǳªߵϱ㷺аĹâ
Ѫħսɫ䡣
ʶȻ֪ħʮħ֮һѪħǳª߽һЦİͷЦħⷲ磬ҶٵζûʹζȻԸˣϷҲͲˡ
˵꣬ǳªб㷺ŹѪɫâֱս˹ٶȼޱȣսʵͲªߵĶ֡
ս簵п࣬ĵ׾ߵĴ죬·ҪħС˵
˵ˣսҲԲԴУǿڼħ׼ӭǳªߵĹ
أ
һ죬սǳª˫Ƴ
սʹһֱһѪɫʹı˳ȥ
뷴𣡡ǳªߵЦһ̰ӵļȥ
ս⵽شԽԽأ۾ĽǳªвʴУѵҪϾҵĻ·𣡡
ս粻δܱѩޣҲġ
ۼǳª߾Ҫս֮ʱһԤװĻܣ


1050 ε
һǳª߱Ӳջ˹ƣսĲԶһʵߵˣ
ţʵĺ֮УֳһѪɫӰӭһλѪɫ۵ߣ߿ԵԽӵа
ߣҿ浹ùħˡսһûΪѪߵĳ־ԼʾмΪǱһġ
ǺǣȻʹͦġѪЦЦǳªߵԣѪɫӽս硣
˭սʡ
ǺǣаԱλֵܣ񡣡ѪЦ
ԭа񡣡ս䵭˵
սаǲر⣬ƷаǵĻضһû뵽а񲻽ûһɹͻƵλ߽ףҲﵽλ߽׵ľ磬ںǵʵǿࡣ
аսʵףԵþ㵲ѣ޺޵˵ȻҲСӵǻǵ͹ƷʵƷʵԽǿˡ
ߣȻҰˣֵ֮ҶСӸֻǣҲҵùܹŹҵĻԸ֮͸ǡսޱ˵ھȻаսΪ˱סѾ׼øһЩˡ
ǶĶȤаҡҡͷ
Ҫʲôս
ܼ򵥣ǺһͬԸƷ硣аʹ޵˵
˼ħκ˺ս絭Ļص
ߣ𣿡ŭ޲ȥսľѪ
Īаһֵסŭ˸ŵľâսЦǺǣѾΪʹˣҲħ֮ˣѵΪԼܻص𣿶ԸƷĻƾ֮ǴԶԶĶ֣֣Ҳʵ
ߣʹҲСӵĶ֣ҲǺսߵħ֮ĳޣɲǽΪһЩͬ⻯ġ
аɫһ䣬Ϊã䵭˵ǺãѡһǺһᴫѪħʵԺԸƷ⡣ԲѡǺһֵǿڵľѪҲɻȡǿѾ·㣬ҪôѡͿԼˡ
սһ㶣һĲаͻΪǵĶ֣ѪħսڵĶʹ֮ջǺܴġ
˼ѾãսͻȻԵޱȵĲɣѵҪ䵽ħ֮Ϊ
עˣֵ֮𣬲ɲս簵̾һ¶˾ģãΪɱƷ磬ҴӦǺ
ǺǣѡǶԵġа˫ۣհЦˣشǻȥúûָưɡ
ս˵ͷȻ̫ԸҲΨһԶԸƷİ취ȻԺʵǿˣƷ֮ٶаԺǻص磬ҲɽЩתĻᡣ
ϾսʹУսһλšССʹλҲĸߣǾԲԼġ
뵽ڴˣսִõĻ룬аʧʵĺ֮С

ųǡ
ʱŹ㳡УѾȺΪƷǵȥųǵΣ˵ȻŹ㳡
Ź㳡У˾һƬ֮ɫڴ½ֵѾƽҲ֪˭ʤ˭
ȻƷˣζոսҲܻӭԵĴ
ĸףôûĺܵĸסˮ˵
㸸ײͨˣͻˡҰοЦЦ
Ǻǣصˣû¡ͻȻЦ
һ㶣ΪϲĿ৵һ±۵˷˵ϡ
ԵЩΣͷһЦǺǣǿħ֮壬Ѿоڹ·ˣ̱㵽
̫ˣ
һƬϲǽŵҲиʵ֮ǰɲ֪жൣƷǣϾֿɶǿߡ
ȻŹһ
֮ǿϤϢ
ౣ
һԼĽбһֻ޴Ľհն
֮ϣϵվƷӰ
Σڽߣά˿ϲɫɼ鲻
񣡡
ȫߺڲϡ
ˣĻˡŮϲᣬԭҲһϲɫ
ףǸףĺˮĻȸԾĻ
СͯɵзϲõЦݣ˸һݼ㣬иӼᶨȥŬΪһλǿߡ
Ʒ绷¿մһۣޱȴã䣬λɣ
أ
һ죬ħбɢ˿ȫǾһƬڿ
Ʒ翪ĲѣֱӱŮԼĺӣ޾ۡ
磬ƷصıԼˡ
Ȼٹ֮Уά˿ȴĬĬ뿪ˡ
һά˿ȥ̾ά˿ǧǹ͢ˮݣ֮٣㡣
֮ʽ쳽ĵһƿ
ҹ֮ʱ쳽һɳλĳӣʽ빬ٰһʢ硣
ͬǣκ˶ɽ磬ΪڻʹĴµϯû뵽ƽ񶼿Բμӻʹ磬ǵ춨֮ĵλ
֮ʱƷҲݳϯλΪ֮ߡ
һҲٰĵһ磬Ҳĵ磬ֱǻڲϡ
ֱ֮ԸȺ뿪ųǡ
쳽ʽʼִ
Ʒǣȴ»ص۹ڼ塣
֮ʱƷΪ˲ôҵģΪԼܵһЩƣյʱƷ綼Լߡ
Ϊҹζ֮࣬Ʒ㿪ʼнлָơսʹһսƷĵᣬڶĻȥҲٻһЩˡ
ԣƷʱռﻨ˽һʱ䣬ŻָĵֻǵڶʱռƣҪﵽʱſڶ塣
𸮵гأƷһʱҵ˶Ů븸ǣ׼ǰȥһˡ
ƷҲʵĽս֮ʱԭǸеǳ𾪡
ڣƷǲɱʹˣϢĻȻԵĴ֮أԭҲǼҪƷһͬǰ򣬵Ʒܾ
գƷϺ׼Ѱս٣ֻҪϽɺڣӦÿҵս硣ΣƷ綼óȥս磬նݾҪ


1051 Ϣ
Ʒһ·УܿеϺ
ٴ򣬸дࡣãã򣬲ϤˣȷʵѰս硣ϾսʵҪ⺣׾ٵ顣
ǺǣֵܣˣҪİæˡƷһЦ⺣ҲֻϽɺ԰Լ׷Ѱսˡ
̾˼֣Ʒֱӳ˺С
ƾżеķΪƷ׿ҵϽɺء
Ȼ;֮УƷҲǻȻϣãƷҲѰսټ
ʱƣеϽɺԽԽͻȻֲԤпʼƷͷƷѹֵЩܡ
ڣϽɺء
ǰȴƷסˡ
ΪԭϽɺǰȫͬûκεħûκεϢһпտҲ
ңϸȥɼƺһ춯صĽԭ״ϿѾݻˡƷļоûģϽɺؾ
ֵܡƷ簵һеĲԽӵŨңƷ翪ʼѰϽɺټڿɲΪѰս硣
ѰѾãһƬռš
ģսǻ˶ú£ƷݺݵĽһҪƬҪĳ嶯
ͻȻ
Ʒƺ뵽ʲôǿϽϽϽɺ֮ӦÿԸӦϽɺĴڡ
ţƷϽ𣬿ʼƬϺչ׷Ѱ
ڣҵһΪĺ֮ƷеϽ㿪ʼ
ƷҵһƬϽɺȺصʵ̫ˡֻƷеǣƬϽɺȺʵٵÿЩɺ޵ĻӦҲֻʮֻѡ˵ǵǣƷȫоϽɺϢ
ֵܣ
ƷżֵǣǲڰеϽɺȺȥ
ƷȥΪЩϽɺ޻бԼαװΪɺʯƷȥ֮ЩϽɺ޲޳κεķӦ
Ʒ߾еϽϹҫ֮ʱΪϽϽɺϢЩϽɺ޸о֮׷׵γ
ڼƷʱȴǱסˣæ㾪ӡ
Ʒһ㶣ͷųڵԪֳԪ֣ЩӴܵϽɺ޸档
ЩϽɺ޷ԼӲˣ־֣ҲֻܾƷ磬Ʒˡ
ĻƷвһɷŭλصģѡ
ƺЩϽɺƷĻ־֮ɫҲ𣬱Ͼʵ̫СˣΪЩΪ׵ϽɺޣƷҪǵĻǸ
Ʒɫأżŭʵǵأ
ЩϽɺ޵ðɫƺԵüΪʹȻզզĽţƷ
ҲѲƷ磬һһֻϽɺ޵Ժ֮С
ѰƷʵڲ˺ֻϽɺǰµõԼҪļӰ
ǣƷ翴һĻĻӰʱȷʵ־ŭ˫ȭǺݺݵ߬Ѫ֮С
ӰںܾõʱˣǰӰ֮УƷ翴ϽɺڷսһλѪߣͬʱһλªаߡ
ԼϽɺΪڻ׵ϽɺߣƴȻӰģˣûкӦЩ׵ϽɺѾԶˡ
ӰеǸˣҲûиϾɱϾЩ׵Ͻɺʵ̫ûмֵˣҲ벻ϽɺƷֵ֮
ȻӰģˣƷϽɺ⺦ˣӰеλªƷ粻ʶһλѪƷȴǻɻҶԲǡ
ûλѪа
а֮УƷĻǷŭħ֮ˣȷʵƻޱȣû뵽аԼΡӰһλªߣҲƷ籸𺧣û뵽аôһԮ֣ʵа¡
뵽ڴˣƷ뵽һΪֵ⣬ǾͺܿսѾаˣܴ
ңƷûм׷ս磬սаǵĻƷ׷ȥĻаǱȻƷΣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ƷԺٵģǸ鷳
ǿŭƷ罫еϽעֻƷӵϽɺУԻģǵƷֵܣһǱˡϽǵ͸ҵģڹ黹㣬Ľкܴ洦ϣܺúΪµϽɺܱˡ
˵꣬ƷֿԵİϽɺںϽ
ϽɺϽ̺֮󣬳ɹʥ޼Ҳ׳ࡣ
Ͻɺ޾㵲ѣ֪ƷԼмѡ
ˣǶܰȫаЩһǲֵġǱ֤ҾԻɱаǣƷ˻ǻŭ𣬷ش½
ãƷȥѰĻǷǳǡ
ΪƷҪǣҪ½еĺ֮ǡ
̫ͻȻƷ粻Ҹ˵Щ£Ϊľǲÿǵġ
ԣƷҲл͵͵ҵ뷲ˣ뷲ɻֱӴС
ƷֵܣʲôˣôôͻˣսǼһأæʵͻȻ䱻Ʒܴ𸮣ɼжôء
Ǳս˰ɣ˸ʵ
Ҫӵ⣬ΪλҴһϢƷɫԵôδйء
˵ɣܳܵס۽Ʒ硣
֮ǰҳȥѪħǣɱȷʵҵƷ翪ʼ˵ɫҲԽӵأֵǣǰȥѰսټ֮ʱȷʵһص⡣ǰϺж֮ʱʶһλֵΪϽɺҽȴ̽鵽ϽɺǰǿС
֮ǿ֮࣬ⲢΪ档˵
ǲΪ棬ˣһ˿Ƕʶһ϶ˡƷֳص˵
϶֣
뷲͵һƺѾ²⵽ƷҪ˵ʲôˡ
˭ʣҲϸ
Ʒ˫ȭǱ߳鶯һ£һһٵĺа񣡡
ʲôаǼһﲻ𣿡Ľкޱȵ𺧡
аǡˣôֺúõð˳˾ʵϢʵ̫ˡ
ҵ͹аͣһһаͬ󵨵ĻɣǸ˺ܿǧ֮ǰѾս񣡡Ʒ˵
񣡡һε𾪣粨þ޷ƽ
ϢһصĻϢ


1052 
Ǻǣ𾪰ɣ֪Ϣ֮Ҳǳ𾪣ǵ鷳ûнˣȻΪˣаѾõѪħѪħʵǰǽȣ׶ԸˡƷһɬ˵û뵽Ȼȹ꣬ȷʵ˸Ϊֵ鷳
˶٣Ʒΰ˵ʵĵĻս磬ںѾ޷Ѱˡ뵽ֿܣһ־սѾаǻõսڶ־Ѿˣǳһ˵Ƿǳġ
ȷʵܲҡҡͷѹɬһЦǺǣƷֵصؽȻϢ
ҲǵġƷԵЩĻصͻȻϵĵӸˡ
ܲԴаɡ̾
ǲܣһǵǰ򡣡Ʒ
ƷֵܣһɲپܾˣһҪһͬȥںĻҶٱҪϤ˵
ҲȷʵҪİæƷ˵ͷһٵսҲԼһܶԸġ
ҲҪһͬȥ˵
ǺǣⱾصؽ˼ҪЭҡƷЦЦбһųǿħħ˵ǰɱħõħСʵҪЩħӦÿͻƵλ֮ˡ
һæܲħض˵ãͣλܾ֮ЩħܹõͻˣǶԸаǣҲһЩ
޷ˡƷҡҡͷǰҾѾˣҸоЩ⡣ǰȥĻҲ˳ȥһطĦ˹ıأӦй⡣
Ȼ⣬ôҡ˲ʣҲʵЩΡ
Ǻǣڲ̫࣬ЩƣѾʹΣһˣ޷գЩ㲻ֻͬһΣ֮ǰ㸸׸µĿħģӦûʹһΡƷЦ͵㽫ħݹ˷ˣֵħɣڴ˴һǵʤҲЩ
лл˸мϹϾĽӹǿħ
ס˵Ʒֵܣ˵ĻаǱͱһ½иµĻǺܲȫ
Ҫ˵
ءƷЦЦвһ񣬶ǿħЦҴսõģΪǰ˶ħۣ֮еѾתΪħҵиʺѡ
˭
˺治ѡ
ŵĳϣƷЦЦ˵Һܳɫһ£Ѿﵽ˰߽׵ʵĻҲܵλ߽ףʱֻҪڣڹ͢ĳ룬½з⣬ҲܹһʱӦ
ⲻҲɷˡЦ
²ţǶ˵Ʒһص˵
ִ֪ġͷ
ˣȥʱռ䣬һʱҲһЩƷ˵㽫뷲𸮡
Ʒȴֱ֮⣬вֳһŽɫ򣬴С۶ɾͽˡ
ǵģˡСӦ
漴Ʒ㽫ǽɫȻϢڼ
˺Ʒ缱ǰ
Ÿոսŵʱеųǡ
Ʒֱҵλϣа֮⣬Ʒ㽻һЩر飬Ȼ㽫Դһʹ֮С
ʱҪԸʣϾλƷֻҵԼܻ̿֡
ǺǣϣҲͻƵ˰ɣƷ΢΢һЦ
ݣѾﵽ߽֮ˣֻҪٹЩʱգӦþܹͻˡĻص
ܺáƷЦЦвһųǿħħ񣬼ϣħǸյĻӦÿԳɹͻƵˡ
һҿܲλϽҿɲܽܡ
ģԲҵ˽ġλ֮Уʵ츳ǿֻʱȽʵȥҲ㱣ϾŸոսãȷʵҪһάƷ˵
˼ܣ²⵽ƷһЩ鷳ɻʵҪ׼뿪𣿡
ûСȥһ˺һЩ鷳ҪȥƷһĻص
Ļɷʲô鷳ˣʵ
ҲǰһսսѾˣӦѾӴܵ˺УұøȥȥƷε̾Ϣһ
ʵҪԸս粢£ôԵԽӵɻ
ԵĲս硣Ʒҡҡͷ
½л˭ܹвʡ
а񣬶һһﾹȻţںҲӦ÷չһȥһҲ֪ΣԲǰһ⵽ǵ͵ϮҲϣܹʵȥҪʱҲܹӦǱڵ鷳ƷһɫĽ͵
ˣȻ˿ҾԲṼĵӻص
ڽڸ㣬ǣʹΣгһЩ⣬Ժһҵ𰸵ġһʹԲκεĸáƷ˵㽫ԺС
õǿϢ֮󣬼Ϊ𾪣û뵽侹Ȼ˿µȻֱȡ˵ħ
ȥɣЩɾͽˡƷ˵գ㽫ǿħݹ
еΪصĽӹǿħɫᶨ˵ģҾҲԻᱣ
Ҳˣʱ˵ֻҪϼӷƷֵ
ס˹֡
⣬Ʒ뿪õħ֮󣬱˱չǱޡ
Ʒַڼ֮Ϊ˲ÿǵģƷҲص˵ԼǰȥѰս磬а֮£ȻǱƷˡ
ദһЩʱ֮Ʒ뿪ڼ壬뿪Լ뺢ӡƷûѡΪܹ½ƽȣƷȥе鷳
ಣ
ɽ磬Ʒǰ͢
ȻҪȫûк֮ǵĻƷȻͨҪϢ磬дսȵǿ½磬ƷӦˡ


1053 ֮ͨ
Ʒ͢ΪƷĵλϣҹֵ͢ʹߣ͢͢еЩѾûյʢƷ綼һΨΨŵŵӡ
ά˿֪ƷĵһֱʥȺ
ƷҲȥ͢еЩˣǵԼһ㣬ֱӽʥ˸ȥƷ硣
һʥά˿ϵУƷ磬ԵЩáرʥţյʥΨˡ
ǺǣѾ˺ܾˣڴ˵ǸˡƷЦ
ߣƷ磬ҿǺ뽫ϢȥˣȻڲά˿ߵ
˼һЩֵ鷳ԾһЩʱ򡣡Ʒص
㻹ʲô鷳Ѳҵʹ˲ɣά˿ʵ
Ǻǣʹߵ⻹Ҫӵ⡣ƷҡͷЦ
ά˿üɫһ壬Ʒ粻ǿЦӣɫʵʲô鷳
ȥ˺򣬷һǳ˳Ծ顣Ʒɫ˵Ǿаû
ôܣݲ˵а񵱳ѾǧǰѾսˣڻŪ𣿡ά˿ĽеȻԸȥƷĻ
ҲǿЦƷһ˵˴ǰȥҵȷǷǵĴڡһǵ͹аǽںеĻΪԾʵнǣսȥĻܿѾǣ˵Ƿǳ
ģаһǴ鷳ά˿ݺݵ
ԽѾ˴½еһЩ׼ǰȥ򡣡Ʒص
Э㣿ά˿ʵ
أڴ½ɣҵаЩյļһֻǰһжԴ½չ͵ϮҲΪ˳ȥҵĺ֮ǡƷ˵
ˣɡά˿΢΢ͷ֪̬ԣ˫һֱӶŵǰֱ֮һ׹⡣
Ȼǰ׹֮УֳһĿռŤתУвϵ󣬺պ¶һƬеĿռ䣬ǿռ֮͸һɿµ֮Ϣ
Ʒ˵ѾǳϤˣǽʥصͨڣʥ֮أҲǽͨڡ

ά˿˽ȥƷҲ΢΢̤ӣͨС
һ߽ȥȻһãã磬ĴһּΪذĸоµǣ֮棬ԿӣΧǿ֮Ϣ˲ȥ
ǰƷϤʥء
ط֪ʥرǣͨڡϴ˸㣬⴦ͨڼ򵥵˵ֻһеͨڻӦΪ̻£ʵǿ̻ʵĻӦÿԻ⴦ͨ󡣡ά˿˵
ٺ٣ҾԿɡƷ˷һЦбԳ𽣣׼׼
ȵȡά˿ͻȻסƷ硣
ʲô⣿˵ĻԶԶһ㡣Ʒ絭Ļص
ߣҲŲ¡ά˿һʥ˵ʥرϾͬͨʥһ٣ضͷųһӴʺңϣ
Ʒ˫һЦãҲϲҲ˳ˡ
㣡ά˿ĽеƷ磬ôߣϾǹ͢ĶֻҪ֮ͨĽˣһУǲġ
ɣֻҪһ룬ƽ֣ΣƷǼ̰ЦҪȻĻҿɲȥˣʡ˼Ҳá
ά˿ȴƷû취ֻˣƷ˵УյĻǾ͸һ롣
ǺǣǣáƷЦ
ϻ˵ܻܲ˵ά˿Ʒ硣
⵱Ȼû⣬Ϊ㽫ҵ𽣷ʥأѾоͨѾࡣƷЦѾ𽣣ڵԪҫ۵İ׹⣬һǿǺ˰ĵϮ˿ȥ
ά˿Ƴ죬ʼջǵס㲻ڵæ˿ЩƷ
Ʒ磬Ҫŵ㣬ǹ͢ά˿еоƷͷų֮ǿᲨ硣
ٺ٣㵹صˣзִ硣ƷаЦһһֳֽԾʥ֮С
ʱƷʥصķΧԸоһɿµĿռ֮ҪƷ糶ȥһ㡣ʥѾһǿĿռ
ά˿ɫ䣬ȽеƷ磡𱻴ͽȥˣҪ磬ҪɾͲˣ
ߣֻҪҲȥⶫŪȥƷһ͵תƺ˳ǿռУе裬һǿԵĽ
֮ǿѿգԭתĿռпʼòҲЩƽ⣬ʥؾȻ˱
䣡䣡
ռһֲϮȥ֩Ѹӹ˿ͬâƷ磬ĺɨܣ۵İ׹ƬҵĿռС
ά˿ɫﵽλ֮ά˿ҲֵΪѣѪڣҲʼѶ
Ʒ磬ⲻҪ𣡡ά˿һֺڴƷĳ嶯ǿͨڣʵֲ̫ˡ
Ʒ紦ڿռ籩֮УҵĿռһƬƬռƬƷǳУʥ֮ڵĺڶֱһȫնȥ
ƣ
һȣؽն¡
䣡
һ죬ʥǱ޾ڶ̼㱻ƷǿһΪ˷顣
䣡
һը죬ʥ֮УȻӿһӴĹ
ٺ٣ɲ˷ˡƷаЦЦչ˫ۣԪΧŨĹǿѹӲĽǹӴĹѹΪһСĹȻƷС
ⲻǣеͨ꣬Ĺ纣Ʒֱȥ˴룬ԿȵһλЧˡ
ά˿һ㶣ŷӦǼƷղŵľٶȥΪߵĽеƷ磡ñɣ˵һһ𣿡
Ǻǣ𼱣ֻǴһѣ滹ŴĹô˷ѵĻҲû취ˣһм£ˡƷһЦͨѻ٣ջ񣬱ȥ
Ʒ磡쵰ά˿ֱţµĹԶԶ㣬ֲ˷ΧɢĹϥʼΧŨĹά˿ڵĹ
Ȼͨȥһ̣δ֪Ŀռ֮Уһ΢΢Ǻǣ˼Ȼ˻˱رµͨ󡣡


1054 һ
ƷҲæµ˽һʱ䡣ʱռ뷲Ҳӵ˽һʱ䣬ʵо
ħħ֮󣬳ɹ׵λ֮֮Ҳǿﵽλ֮Ʒһʵǿࡣ
Ʒǰ
һȥ֮·Ϻ򣬶Ƕ
ϾϺƷ̽ˣаҲڱ¶֮󻹻ѡϺУǷǳǵġ
ԣĽ֮£Ʒ˱˶
ĴзΧģ˵ƬںءĦ˹ĶںĺȦ˸ĺ㣬ҲǱؾ֮·ˡ
ĺˣ֮ߵľˣͣվ⺣֮ߣػ̾㷢ػĳ嶯
˳Ȼⷬ˷ܵĸоƷ綼̾˼ΪⶫϺȫͬⶫ򲻽Ҫ࣬Һûκεĺˮĺˣµ˸űʯӫ⣬Եޱ׳
Ǻ𣿡˲ͷ
ǺǣûǺˡ΢΢һЦѵ֮Уķֺ֮˵ⶫǺܣȻ뺣һЩ飬½뺣ĻҲԲŭЩˣȻǻкܴ鷳
кˣ۷ںСʱںк˵ĴڣһĴڣڿԴ۽ˡ
ȻУںе磬ɱǴ½ҪḻءЦ
磬и⣬ϺҲǹƿ𣿡ƷͻȻʵ
ϺҲһرĴڣĻǺܺã滷ΪӣΪޣһЩʵµĺޡȻҲԭħΧĻΪ壬壬Ϊ壬⺣ҲΪص塣ЦĽ͵
Ȼʱ㣬ܽˣǰ͹˺е硣ƷЦ
ٺ٣ҲȲҪ뺣ĳ嶯ˡһĦȭưӣоҪȥɼһ
пˮѹֻҪʹһˡ˵
׼֮ƷǱ뺣ʮຣ֮ķΧ˺֮С
ˮ뺣ʮຣ֮ˮȾѾﵽʮףˮѹ˵ҲǽܳܵķΧ
ʮຣҵķΧҲֻǶΧѣϾռݵʵ̫ˡƷĺޣһЩͨĺ޶ѡ
е磬ޱȣδ֪ĴСޣгζţлïܵĺ壬ɫĺΣɺ
˵һν뺣е磬ǰ֮סˣһ˫ӶɵסˣһǺ£ϡƷȻֵıȽϵҲǶԺее̾
һλһ㣬Ʒǣٵ̽롣
Խӽӽڶ֮Ѿﵽǧɣѹǿ˰ٱΧζĺҲԽԽ٣Щȴþ޴ǧٹ֣ܹˮѹǿ澳Щ޵ʵձ鶼Ѿﵽʥ޼ɼеʵǷǳǿġ
ЩҲƺ߱һԣ֪Ʒ˵ʵȥӽƷǣάһֺȶ򣬻ţˮˮ
е磬½һ㣬иɽҲƽԭأʵеҲһ½
磬Ӧÿ쵽˰ɣƷͻȻʵоΧѾʼתˣζĺҲǿʼԽԽ١ƷµûĻѾӽںˡ
ǿ쵽ˣǱþ֮
֮Ʒɻѡ
ֱ㶵ʵʲô֮
ǺǣƣҲоŴ壬֮ǽ뺣ҪһؿΪ֮ءһӵͨ˵ĻܲᱻЩԵЦǺǵĽ͵
ˣƷ˲˿Ȼ˵Ӱ죬ڴ˵ںһ壬ȻЩ˵Ĺ
߰ɣ峤ҵľʶءЦֱİĺǰȥ
ƷǺ棬ȥ
ȻгĽʯ֮УȻһλλӰݣȵˣ˵βէһһǼƷеŮ
㣡
Ʒ뷲һûк£ԵüΪĺ棬ʼϸĵĴΧЩѵһ㡣
Щƺնһ㣬ʼζǾˣƷǵ˹űһ˵ĸ
һĸȷʵǺܶһɹƷǵԺ֮С
ǣֱǰ߱ǡͻȻƷǱԻסǲ˷ʱ䡣
ЩǼǲûǣΪԾҲΪʣһľݣƷǣ˵ĸڼƷ硣
ֻϧƷǸκӰ죬ЩǴܴ
ڣЩʵͲסˣ㱩¶ԣһ¶˷ļȺΧסǡ
վסһλЩľȳ
ôֶһȤζӡ
Ʒ뷲ȴǾ㵲ѣղŻһݣתۼȴǱһµĳ˹⺣ŮȻǰɱ
ߣʲôˣȻҴ뺣أʵΧѾλ¶ʵʵİΧסƷǡ
ˣˣһǲ𡣡һ˵ͻȻİĺ֮оȻҫһ⡣
Ʒȥ㾪㵵֮Уһλ㣬λ֮ͬйɳ߹Ϣݣ֮òͷ֮һźɫ롣ЩȺȺУǰλֵ㣬ǸһֺȺĸо
ңƷǿɲ̰ͼɫ֮ˣȻûܵջ
峤
ΧЩ׷׹ҲеֻǶǵݸеǳĺ棬û뵽Ȼ峤˼֡
ǺǣɯС㣬þòָˡ΢΢һЦ
ݹ٣ղſǶеˡλЦҲһ峤ɯӵŰ߽׵ʵ

ΧЩԱһѵЩûЧԭǴ½쵱
ɯСˣǺλҪһͬȥݷú鷳ɯС·ˡΪЦ
ɯɽĿƷ뷲˵ϣ㵵ķ֣Ȼȫ͸Ʒǵʵа漴ЦǺǣλɣںеȺ򡣡
ǺǣǾ鷳ˡһЦ
ɯƺڹŪԼ˵ˣŤųβƷİĺȥ


1055 ׾޳
峤ɯƷǣϵ룬ܱҲʼԽӵİĺѾֲﵽˡ
ɵĺˮѹԽʥǿ߸ѹ岻һѾϰˮѹ
ˡɯͣ
ˣƷɻչ֪̽ȥյʲôûС
Ҳͷͷ޶ûУĻʲô˵Ĵڡ
ǺǣҪҵ壬ǿɲô׵ġɯЩ֮ɫЦͻȻӳһѤĲɫââȥ֮Ȼֳһȱڡ
󣡡ƷһǺ壬ȾĻ󣬾ƷĻ֪̽סˡ
ٴѵǺǣƷֵܣ⺣ƢǹŹֵĺܣҪСĵ㡣
ͷ⴫˵еĺҲǳ˺档
ԽȥˡɯЦȱнȥ
Ʒɻ󣬸ȱн롣
ƷǸһȥʱ򣬱㱻ǰһĻ׵ˡ
ǰһ޴ĺ׾޳ǣ޳Ǵʲô̶أȫԱȵϴ½֮󣬻Ի͵Ļʹ鴦ⱦζĺޣǧٹ֣ޱȵ׳ۻҡξһ㣬ߵһĻȻġ
ĺޣĺ޲ͬĺ޿ƺԣֲǻ϶ʥ޼ĺޣ⺣ʵ治С
޳ǵĴųȺĺУЩƣҲ֫ΨһͬǣЩͷΪΡ״״״ӲǾû˵ġ
ԭƷ統У˵ںĴ˵һһо˵ʵԲͯе硣
˸˵۵ɵúܴ󣬾㵲ѣ类ǰһĻסˡ
ɯƷһĴİ˵Ǻǣһ˿ǽģܹҲˡ
ǺǣǰܵǺǣʵǵҡƷνЦ֪ɯԼƷ絹ҲΪȻĻһЦ
ɯмıƷ磬ЦǺǣнȥɣλѣǻд
ԣɯǿƷ뷲ˡϾƷǶѾϢסˣҿôᣬҲѹɯƷǡ
λҵֵܣ˴ҲҪҡͷ
ɯΣ˵ǺðɣǣǺԸӼֵܵĻҲû취ˡ
鷳ˡͷһЦƷ뷲˵ǾûνֻҪܹͿˡ
ðɡɯ΢΢ͷԵЩãֲҵƷǾ޴󺣳ȥ
ڣںⱻǿĽ磬ԱôӺǴŲſɽ롣
ǴţʮλפأССʵѾ߱˽ʼʵʵΪǿƷиеԽ𾪣ҲеԽӵأеĸ뺣޶ձǿĻǿǸаǹ㷺ķչء
Щɯ㹧ɯ峤
ɯ΢΢ͷȻλǺ˵ѣλѣǰݼˡ

Щһע⵽ƷǵĴڣû뵽Ȼݷá
ݼЩη
ǺǣǿԽ𣿡Цʡ
Ȼԣλ롣Щã򿪳š
ţɯƷȥ
һ߽ǣΪ𾪡
Ϊڳȫ硣û뵽޳棬Ҳڴ½еĳһ㣬Щ˾ס⺣һһ㣬дСҲر֮ķݣҲɫɫ̵ֵֹ꣬ĺоƹݣĺຣڴϳɶӶУ֡
ۣ벻⺣ǱǴ½ĳлҪֶˡ̲ס̾
УǺһǣǴ½ЩǺȡɯӰѣɯҲԷ˿
½κγȷʵ뺣ȣһǳʶˡƷ˵˿޺ǣҲȷʵ⺣ʵǱȴ½еĳǿ̫ˡ
۹⡣ɯƷ磬Сеɪֵ񹬾ǰˣʱһȽȥͨһܲܽȥɲ˵㡣
ǺǣλҺҪѣһӼġЦ
ɯɶ˼Ʒ뷲ˣҲȷʵʲôرַ֮˲м֮ɫ䵭˵Ǻðɣһ˵
˵գɯƷ񹬵ķȥ
;֮УܱߵЩˣǿĶƷǣ۷׷ףϾںпǺ˽룬رǴ½е࣬Ҳѹǻ˳ˡ
Ʒ絹νԵú򶨣˵ǾȫڣΪǺĵ̣·ѶŭˣȻԼǹͷ㡣
ѵãƷǱһ޴Ĺǰ
ǰԵԽӵĻȫһЩϡĺ뱦ʯĹâ˸⹬ÿһĵطֻҪõ½ȥɶǼֵǰɼһûѶֱʡ
ò˵ں֮Уȷʵ̲ıأҲЩĶԺ˵ʲô
񹬣Ǻ֮أǾסں档
ˣں⣬פصЩʵۺƷ΢΢Ի֪̽ȥЩɶǽӽڰʵ
Ʒ粻Ҽ̽뺣Уں棬ǿơ
鷳ţȥͨɯֵ̱첽ȥ
ߣ⺣ļʵ̫ˣ˲ˬߵ
⻹أ˺ǲŽ鷳ҡͷݿɬ
ˣ磬⺣ʵƷ粻ʡ
ǧ֮ǰѾ߱λʵص
λ񣡡Ʒһ⴫˵еĺʵҲ˵ǿ
Һ֣Ϊʲô뺣ʶأɻʵ
Ǻǣǰħںභ֮ʱںгԿЩ˰̣ΪϺõ˵Ļ⺣ҲжġЦ
ޣԭˣҲѹԺ˿ˡЦ
ˡͷƷ磬˵˵ĻλλʧѾõĵһĦ˹
ƷһŹְЦǺǣǵطӦҲ֪ˡ
ʲôطʡ
ǵطĦ˹һطҲҪȥĵط⺣ֻ⺣ܴԼҪҵĻºѡƷص
⺣ݺảǧ꣬û֪ĵطص
̸ţɯЦǺǣϲǣѾԸӼǣλ롣
ͷһЦƷһͬɯ񹬵ȥ


1056 
뺣񹬣Ϊ޴󣬱㴦ǺǶ鱦ʯ貶Ŀ
ں棬䱸ɭϣ涼Щս׵ĺʵǰɯȰ񼶵ǿߣҲкüλ
Ʒ簵еľҺҪں棬ǶԴ½ظȤĻ⺣ڴ½гưˡ
⺣УĪ͸һϵϢ˲ڴַЩվصĺҲǽĽƷǡ
ɯУƷĽš
ֱһ޴Ĵ֮С
ǽ̻ԻͣӦӲϾ޴ˮƺһ֮У֮Уϵһ޴Ӱ
ˣƷ΢һ¡
λһλݵӣĿǣͷڣɫտɫͫףǿ״ò˼飬ԵЩӵ±ȴǾһľβһɫƤֳֳꪡ
û˱Ǻ֮
ˣѴɯƷ뷲ˣǶԺԸӼƷǶеЩߡ
΢΢ͷĿȴֱƷ뷲˵ϣüɫ΢壬¶˼־ȣٶһЦԭֵܴݹ٣ϡͰ
ʵ̫ˣһλֵص
Ǻǣλֵܿһ㡣΢΢һЦ£˫ȴһֱƷ뷲ˣƺ˶
ݼƷ繰ֵҲһǱҪеģҲΪ뺣óμϵ
ⲻ֪ȷʵԵüΪãһֵܣ˵λֵܣ⺣񹬿ɲʲô˶Խġ
£鷳ˣڨڨЦǺǣλƷ뷲ˣҵֵܡ
ôĻһ˫Ʒ磬ͻȻһȻֵܣҲмַɣ
˵꣬ͻȻ֣һȭֱӳƷ뷲˵ȭȥȻûʹȫҲ
ɯһ֣ϵһЦ
ۼڵһȭŭһݵô
£֡
ⲻ֪һӰƷԸٶȵ˷ǰϹһĨЦ۵źȻӭһơ
飡
𵴿һǿƲһɯ˳ȥ
ɯĿƷ羹ȵĽס˺һƣһЦ⣬ɼһƸûŲƷһ֡
ǴΪɫ֮£е͵˼㣬Ǵﵽ߲ݺݵıѹƷ硣
Ʒ޾ɫڵԪӿУӿ˺һǿƾ
䣡
һ죬ֲƲӿ񹬶ҡҡ׹
ɯھ֮УΪܣæʩֵȴǱǾƵˣǵͨ졣
ãɯΪѵ˫ȥ
էһɯȴȫĴסˣǿˡ
ΪղһƣƷ绹ûбŲȴǱһ֮ࡣȻֻʹ߲ܹˣԼƷʵɲ⣬뺣Ǵﵽͬȼġ
Ȼ֮䣬ĺ񹬺Ⱥӿ˴ĶƷǣΪŭû뵽Ȼ˸ں¡
Ʒһ򶨣ŷеĺЦǺǣЩͽˡ
˹Ϊ𾪵Ʒ磬漴Щӿĺȥɣûǵ¡
ǣ
ЩӦһ˳˴
ʲô˼ȴĽʵĪ⵽Ĺȷʵŭ˷ˡ
Сɶ񡣡Ʒ
ŭѡ
ܹọָ̃ǿҡƷҲȷʵǿҪеȡ
ǡһ˻ȥ
Ǻǣ治˼ղű޶⡣һЦֶЦֵܣλֵܹ治ͬ찡ʧˣ¡
˶٣ֶһԾеɯԸɯúȥ׼ϯɣǺҪúûӭ⼸λ͡
ǡɯӦһֵ̿˳˳֮ʱɾη˼ƷǣøղûйڵҪȻô֪
湻αġ˰һԺıִΪм
ȻǿΪ磬ֻҪʵ㹻ǿȻȻܵ˵𾴡ںУҲһġ
λ̸ɡЦӭƷһһȻڱϣȻ𾪣ĿһֱƷ硣
֮ЦʵǺǣλҺ壬Ϊ£
֣˴ǰҪǺİ˵
ޣʲô¾ȻܰǸסʡ
¹ϵ򡣡ɫʵ֣֪㻹ǵа𣿡
ߣɵļһ᲻ǵãǲǧǰѾ𣿡ȻаҲмֺ⡣
ǲûҽںеĻƵص˵
ûϺеʱ򣬷ǵټϧѾҲǵټһǿѾڱĺлˡ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ǺܻܿǺ岻Ʒ˵
ߣǸǺŹȥŭߵ
ûô򵥡ƷҡҡͷаѾõħѪħаǴѾѪħʵнǣҲҪΪǵ¡
Ѫħɫ
ǹϽɷЩ춯Ʒʵ
ⶫҺϽأ˵а񣬾Ǻ뺣嶼ط
֣¿ɲ򵥡ǲһʵǵĵǣаֵĻ¾д鷳ˡһ֣ص˵
⺣崦ڱУΪƫԶأ뿪ǵĺ򣬱㲻ȫӣԺ岻ܻа֡ǺĻоԵİգǾ޷֡ص
Ϊʲô岻һǺ岻𣿡ɻʵ
ΪƿغĺŮǱŮĻصɫзżˡ

Ⱦ㵲ѣ벻⺣ô˺Ůˣ
֣⵽ô£׷ʵ
Ҳ֪ôӺ˵𡣡ε̾Ϣһ˵ɣȥһط
΢΢ͷҲޱȺ档
Ʒ簵˳˼Ȼ֪֮ΪǺ֮Ů֮䵽׷ʲô飬⺣ǱаõĻᡣ


1057 
ȥĵطǲںڣں񹬺󷽵һΪİɭĺ֡
Ƭ֣Ѿմ˺塣ûй·ԵüΪɭ⺣׺棬ëȻĸо
һ·ϣųĬֻǲƺߵúܳء
ƷҲҳֻĬĬĸǺֵȥҪ𰸵ĻҲֻн˺Ż֪ˡ
ֱ˺ֵľͷһ޴ĺɫɺʯ
Է֣ɺʯ֮£Ѳ󷨣Ƭƺżơ
ɣչȥɺʯ֮УȻλ࿡ȵӣ뺣ƣβֻǴ˿Ե쳣а
ӣһִĺɫס˫ۣһıС
֮ʮףͣ˲
һ㶣ɻʵ֣λǣ
ԭȵĺʹްλ˵Ϸſɬ֮ɫ
һ
˵⺣ŮйأƷסʵ
ȷʵйء΢΢ͷƺڻʹһ㣬֮̾ǰǺ壬ˡұ룬⺣뺣壬Ǹ񣨺֮£ԴӸ֮һΪʷҾΪ⺣ԭںһģҲûиϾɱΪȰ壬ΨһŮǰȥȰϧΪһʱĲ̣ȴ˴
˲⡣
ʵ֣ѵŹǱ
ŲҰ˺ͷ̾һ
˺
ƷȾ㵲ѣʵ̫Ѫˣ⺣ĹȻ˺˵Ҳ뵽˺淢ʲôˡ
Ǻأʡ
һɬݺݵĶǺʹ޵˵⺣żҰģҪͳƬ򣬲֪ŵһʲôԻ󣬾ȻԸ͵˺ﶨ顣Ȼҷ֮ұȥַ塣ϾѾǺˣʵǲģֻý⺣ڴˣҲʹңӴ뿪˺壬Ҳͳڵĺ
飬˵ⶨŹƷʵ
ûŵѾٶˣҷĿɳֻҪҲ˺ű㲻ύ飬һںԣԺ尡ʹİ˵
ΪβɱҲŹġƷƷĻԻһʱɱ˺Ծ󻼡
ɱűԶңԽڴˣҲΪܹúħҰģֱܹʱԻĳ˵
ͻȻ
Ǳסĺƺ˺ԣ˫ۣˣңֱЦ
һ㶣ȥ
ŭɫ䶢źߵ˹Ҿ治ףôϲˣ
˹ҲǺı
ߣ̣Ͳమģκ˶ֹˣ˹ߵ
మģΪλŹȥȡأŹ޳СҼˣƷͻȻƷľñ˵İȥˡ
һ£漴ЦƷֵܣ˵úã
˹࣬ƷʵСӣֵõ˵
Уһ΢ͽѣ˵ЩѾǸˡƷ֮Աǡ
ˣСӣлȥĻһɱ㣡˹ŭĽ
ֻϧԶȥƷ粻мĻص
㣡˹ûҪ˵ˡ
ҲǺ߰ɣҪһϻ
˵գתȥ
ȴǷŭʵĽеųַңһս£
Ĭߡ
ƷǾȻѾ˺Ҳ̫Ȥۺ֮󣬱źȥ
ֲ֣߳ͣ̾Ƕ֪˰ɣȻңվҵŮԲаֵġ
ˡƷͻȻ˵
ôˣüͷʡ
İһ˵ĻǻǺܷģѾ˺ٶ꣬ŹҲҪȳŹҲ֪ǺĶ֣µĻŹԻ˱˵ļơƷɫصĻص
ô˵Ļźܻܿа֣üͷ
ԣпܣƷһο϶ɫ֣ص˵ŹааŹҲΣաϾаѾѪħ彫ܿܳΪаƷڵŹҲǺΣյġ
һΪĽеУҲȥһ˺壡
ĪƷ˵ǵĻԸǰȥһˣҲǸŮΡǷаҪ⣬Ǳһ֣ͬȥ
ãһмһִƷļЦǺǣѹֵܻ㽻ΪֵܣȻ֮šҺˣĻͽҺְɣ
֡Ʒ統
˼ˣԺøд֮ǰǰˡ
ˣиطҪָ㡣Ʒ˵
Ǻǣ⺣еʱǾûҲ֪ĵط΢΢һЦ
Ǿ̫ˡƷϲɫֳһϵɫᣬ̱㽫ɫչ̻һ渴ӵĺͼǺͼдȦ˴ĵط˵ͼѾо˺ܾˣ⴦طҺܲϣܹõָ㡣
ϸĿǵͼɾ޵׶
޵׶Ʒȼǲ⡣
޵׶Ǻеĵһأҽ룬ҲǱɡɫأƺ뵽ʲô˼ƷеɫᣬƷ缤ʵ˹ֵʲôˣ
Ʒ粻֪ΪμʵĻص˵Ħ˹ҵĵʦ
⻰ϲĴЦԭ㣬ڵȵˣ
ȵˣƷ˼
ϲɫЦǺǣ˹ֵܶǺжֵ֮ǵ˹ֵ뿪֮ǰ˵Ժܻңϣһ֮һȣѾǧˣڵȵˡ
֣ǸϽҵȥǵطƷæʡ
طҲҪȥġ
סˡ
Ʒ缴ʡ
򣬺ءصĻص


1058 
ʲô壡
ƷǾסˣû뵽޵׶ھں塣
ûں塣ͷΰ̾ĵطǱǶˡ
֣ѵⶨ޵׶й𣿡Ʒ粻ʵ
˹ֵҽ飬ҲԭԱû뵽˹ȥ֮أȻ޵׶
ͶˡȻĦ˹ܽҪĶţȻôҵ
ⶨкãͻȻʵ
ΪԺɺԨĶ飬д飬һԽδ֪޵׶ص
ô˵ĻҪ޵׶Ļͱõõ飿Ʒ㵵˵һ鷳
ǵģԺ鷳εҡͷ
жô鷳ҲȥһˡǱаĻҲÿԽǣҲɷģҪҲԲ˺ŹƷɫᶨĻص
㡣ЦЦֳһɫƤֽ˵ȥɣͼƬ֮أȽǿԺҵ޵׶ڡ
̫лˡƷܳĽӹǺͼȷʵûôӣҲ׿ĵ鲼
ǺǣǴԶҺ壬ҪȥĻҲһʱ磬λһգǺҲɺúдǡϰЦ
ǿɾʹˡƷЦ
ãͻȻֵ֮ǰе¡
Сֵǧ⣬֮ǰҲдȣǲʶ𡣡Ц´á
лĻҲ̡˵
ǺǣһһһЦ
󣬵ƷǷغ֮󣬺㼫ΪݻдƷǣڹ֮ҲǶƷЩĿд
ƷҲںȹ˿ֵһ죬ŴδйܡϾں֮Уණɶڴ½ûеġ

գƷǱ㼴̣
뿪壬Ʒ˾޳֮⡣
磬СмҪˡƷ˵
˵ͷӦ
˴Ǳ·ҵĺǱҲа񣬺ǱʱұӦԵ鷳ǰȥһˡƷ˵һǰ۳һӰֵ޷ʹõڶ壬ҲΪ֮ϵһĻһ̸ϵ
ã뷲˳ͷƷĵ壬ǰ򣬺ء
Ʒϸϸ˼Ѱ˻ȻнΪ鷳ƷҲԲΪĦ˹ĵطпսʿ񣬶һйڽһЩ⣬ƷδķչҪ
ಣ
ƷˮУź͵ĵطԺܿҵء
һƬȺ
ΪȺʮǰɽɣкܸߵĵȣԵƬ¶ȼߣƬҲȺ
򣬺򻷾ΪӣܹĺޣһߡƷԻ֪̽ͷ˺üֻޣҲܲޡ
ԽˣƷԽеأôõĻǿĲаȥˣȻʱϵԽãǾԽԽ鷳
һΣƷΪ˽뺣壬ȻЩ޲
ڵģ뺣ҲǷǳԶģƷٶȣʮӱϵˡ
壬ûк񼶻
ԣƷǱ뺣֮ʱɼĴеĺˡ
ڴ֮ǰƷǱ뺣أԻ̽Ѱ޸оаϢ
ʵ򵥵Ŀ˵ǰ뺣ˣΪǵϰ೤죬±ǳŤ˵ĳβ
壬ŮΪЭģӵкǿķԺں˿ڣﵽǧϡ
ϧǣȻӵм˿ƣձʵߡ
ɲǺǰڻĻ£һ㶼ں׶УΪر𣬽רĹֻͺʵˣҲǺɽɡ
ƷڵĵطǺĹأǺΪܼĵط⣬кȻձʵǿܶ࣬ǧ
ȻƷʵǿ׾ٵǱ빬ƷûǴ󷽷ǹ
ʲôˣ
һλƷĴڣټȳһ
£ѶĺıһӿǧĽƷΧм䣬еĳǹ׷ֱƷ硣㵵ǣֵ˾Ȼһλࡣ
࣡Ǻ뿪һλƺЩŮòֻ˪
ҪǵĺƷֱӦ
˵ܼ鷳Ļ뿪Ҳ˵ڶ飡λеѾŭ⡣
ǿɲ˼ˣұüǵĺҪ̣Ʒ絭Ļص
£Ǻһ
£ȺĺŭĻųǹƷŭĳ˹
ƷԭزĿ
ۼЩҪƷʱ
͵ģƷŭһȻӿһǿˣɢһӴĹ⻡ˮѹƿ
أ
һ죬ЩδƽƷ㱻ǿ˸ݺݵı˳ȥ
Ҳ˺ǣҲǺΪУÿƷ
Ǻ󷴶ԽӵıŭŭһϮеϮ
ⲻǺӵӴ˿ĺ壬ǺĺȽ֮£ܱӿĺԽԽ࣬İΧסƷ磬ȻֲĴﵽʮ򣬽ںľӢԼ⺣ǳ֮Žᡣ
˶ڣλһεĶƷ羯࣡һλˣ뿪ŮǾԲģ
Ҳ˵һΣұüǵƷޱĻص
ɱǺһͬ˳һĺڵɱƷ硣
ݣݣ
ǹֵĳǹ˷Ʒ硣
鷳ƷεҡҡͷԪһ˲һķ֡
飡飡
һǱ죬ЩĳǹĴƷķϣƷУεΧЩɱڵĺ
Ȼ鷳Ʒɲڵﺣ壬ƷЩСûȤȥԸЩϾʵʵ̫Զˡ
ЩҲ𾪲ѣû뵽ʮ֣ȻƷķ޷ơ
ͣǺ첻ŭУ֪ʵĲ࣬ź߰ԣǾҲԲƷ翿
ͻȻ
һ𣺡ס֣


1059 񱩵
һ£еĺΪηľֻһ˫˫ŭӻĽƷ硣
Ǻǣ֪㲻᲻֡Ʒ簵һЦ̱㳷ȥķ֣ΪǡվԭƺѲ²⵽˺Ůĵ
ˮӿҫһɫĹâһȵӰҡƷ
ԭΪ⺣ŮŻǺһǿףէһһλݵŮӡٮٮ˿黨üۣŵտ⣬绨壬̊ɣִżׯϣһ㶼šβζš
εĺŮš
ǰλŮƷ綼һ¡
ǺǣСƷݼŮƷЦ
һƷ磬üͷ΢壬ƺƷʵвȴûشƷ磬ǳЩߵĺ˵˵һߡ
ǣ
λ칧ӦһЩȺĺ˵ԶֻȻΪĶԶƷ磬ߵеĳǹ
ƺû˺֮ǣɫһ䶢Ʒȵ࣡ĺôĵӣȻҹȻǺ壡
Ůǧᣬ˲޶⣬Ҫ̡ƷЦ
ûʲô˵㷭ˣ̽һֻܷܷϸƣƾȥ֮ȻðһƬˮ顣
Щɲͨˮ飬ÿһˮ涼̺ſµɱӿȥ֮ʱ˲仯Ϊһļ׶ǵذƷ缫˹ȥ
㣡Ʒһ㶣ŮҲʵ̫˰ɣȻһضûС
ã⺣ŵʵҲλ߽׶ѣƷʵԶúܣƷҲȥ˺š
£ƷڵԪ˳˫ƷŴ۵İ׹⣬ǰһƣһǿŤźռѹ˹ȥ
䣡䣡
죬Ʒɵı㻯˺ŵĹơ
һֶͦε𣬵ɱΪͻ㣡
ݵһ
оȻֳһѷĳⳤżϢԲͨĽȻѾﵽĽ
㻹ģƷһȻ˺ţƷҲɺ˺ԼƷҲһʱ𽣣һЦǺǣȻˣǾϼѡ
죡ֱӱƵƷһŭ𣬳ǿҵ⣬˺ˮ㣬ݺݵƷͷֱնȥ
Ʒ粻Ųæһֳ𽣣޻εֱӭ˺ŵһ

ףλΪ𵴳һǿռܵˮѹͻȻüΪֲеĵزǹѿһǺۣðˮݡ
ҧ˫һַƷһʱն˸ְһ㣬ǿķ֮ƵúŶое֮С
Ʒһɵĳ𽣣æֵŮûж⣬Ҳûʱٴȥͺ壬Ⱥú̸̸ѵ㲻֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ߣûȤžȻƷκĻᣬԵޱȵŭڵעгһɼϢƳԭں֮Уǹ֮Ҳӵ˼¡
Ȼ֮Ľ֮£ƷһֱƷϡ
ʱ䣬Ʒ˱㱻ǼıסΪһߴƷȫ棬һ
ߣɱңǺ壬ע³ĺߵ
ЩԶĺƷ类סϲ
ǺǣҾˣҲûҪˡһϤЦ
ͻȻ
أһ
Ǳֱӱ˿ֳƷĮӰ
ȥɫ䣬æֻӳһļƷؿڡ
ƷȤζЦЦһ̽Źİâ˲ŵֱץ˺ŷŭµȫһ
ⲻЩȻ󾪣ƷҲʵ̫ˣ⺣иƾȥӵȫһˣҡ
ҲǾ㵲ѣȻƷľٶ𾪣Ҳûֵͣ˼ǿǿ˼ŭĴ˹ȥ
ݣ
һƿնˮ֮УԵĿһѺۣıƷؿڴλ
ôľ£ȴоŵһƺȥúǡǡƷؿڲλ֮ʱǳͻȻͣ
Ϊ𺧵һĻˡ
棬Ʒ粻ƾȽס˺ŵһһĿ۽סˣеĳ޷ٵݽһ֣ջһ⣬ǴıסˣƷƽţ޽޳
ǿ֮ɫû뵽λİʵ˵ǿᣬоĿǿĺŮǱŪڹ֮С
ôܣŽסкһŭƷ磬޲һʹʹɱƷ磬ȴΪ
˵ˣĲ˺Ǻ壬ôһĻᶼ𣿡Ʒޱ˵ǷӰľݣҲƷΪŭ
Ǻһ޹ϸ𣬺ԣһȻеĳ͵ǰͳ˫ƣŶĿ⣬һǿƷ˹ȥ
Ʒ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵һȥ
˫У㾪ֵĸоɢһǿԵĽһ㷴˻
أ
һ汻˳ȥ㵹ɳ֮Զ
Ů
ǵΧŭƷ硣
𣿶ҹźȳ
Щһӵ˻ȥ
תͷƷ磬˫ֹζΧˮʼŤŨˮԪر쳣ı
Ʒüͷ΢壬ΰ̾һҲִ̫˰ɣ
ߣУǺرǶ࣡һ˫ͻȻһŭһУ
𣡡
һ֮ˮȻһ׶ĳ粼޵ʵİΧƷ磬͵ĺϮ˹ȥ
¡¡
ֲıը֮죬಻ȺĳƷϷը˿Ƭڼҵķţը֮˺üӣڽͣ
ߣǲҲ˰ɡһڴŴղһԼǿһˣԺŶԼš
ǣȫ֮󣬺Щȴȫɵˡ
Ʒԭ֮һĽƷ紦Уˡ
ôҪ𣿡Ʒ絭Ļصȥ󣬽ĳӻظ˺š
࣬ûسֻҪҲǾ;أ
˵꣬һͳͻȻش˹ţְͣɡ


1060 ޵׶
Ʒ΢΢һû뵽ȻԹˡ
ߡһƺΪԹһ㣬ɫŮޡ
ţαأһ̾Ϣ֮Ǿ޴Ӱ˳
ЩһƺǱżĳޣ׷׽ìͷת˺
֣ôˣƷЦ
Ǻǣܲ𣿡ɬһЦЦɫĺţ֪ʵЦʵţûԭ𣿡
Ȼܷ˺˹ҵȻԭ㡣䵭Ļص͸˼ɫΡ
ţ㻹ǰĹִ˹ǼһĲʲôöֻѡ̾
ǲңзִ磬޹ءɫһ䣬ŭƷ磬ߵɵһҲİɣ
ʲôбɣҺ㲻˵Ǻȴ˲ƷԵߵ˵ˣ⺣ſǸ̥
Ʒ΢΢˰֣ͷź˵ûģ
ߣûʲôµĻǾ̹Ǻ岻ӭǣߵ
˲˸Ů֮飬Ҳ޶ŭ̾ΪҪȥ޵׶
£ȥ޵׶ΪҲ֪Ǵͨõģȥ޵׶ĻõõҵĶ顣Ǻǣҵĺøıʵ̫ˣƭҵĶ𣿡
ˣɫһƷһ߶Ժ˵֪˭Ħ˹Ψһѧ
ѧŴΪԾ۲ŵֱƷ磬ĿҲƺһЩ
Ħ˹ȷʵҵĵʦ˴ȥ޵׶ҲΪ˵ʦĶи㣬ҶһáƷ˵ûκε֮ɫ
ţ֮ĶԹұҪǵãǶжѵ
ų˼˻̧ͷƾʲôǣ
ԺģƭĻ⵽ϳͣ
ɫһ˵ãǣǶ飬ⶨ黹ǵغ
ҲҪΪһһԻ塣ҡͷ
Ʒ羪£æ˵Ȼô˵ĻƷҲɱ֤Ҵ޵׶гԽ黹ʳԣ
ϸϸ˼Ѱá΢΢˶ſڱ³һűɫ֮壬һϵϢɢΧˮƺܵǹϢĴ̼ʼ쳣ĻԾ
ûǺ顣
ŮǧҪǣǺ콹Ľе
ںҲǸŽкţǲϣŽ顣
ûǵ£зִ磡ųһֱӽЩԵĺƸݺݵѹȥ
Ʒ۽źŵĶ飬Ȼ֪ԼĦ˹ѧ֮˵⣬ƷѾϲⶨǽ趨ˡ
СǶ飬Ʒ˵СӣϣŵԣΥĻǺ׷ϴ½ҲԲŹ㣡
Դ巢ģԲΥҵĳŵƷĵĻص
΢΢ͷ㽫еĶ黺͹Ʒ硣
ƷϲĽǶоһӴˮϵԶԶƷ֪λ
ллŮƷмƷæл
лͲˣǵù黹ǡ۱Ʒ硣
һһƷЦ
ˡ˵޵׶һΣյĵط޵׶֮ǰý븹УҪмǣǧ򲻿ȥնеΪⶨеҲ޷գʵԻ̱඼̰ģ˳һ
ллŮĺˡƷ絭һЦ̵ַĿƷܲˬƷѾܶںţƷȻȥﺣ뺷Ů
ǺǣƷֵܣϲˡƷϲɫЦ
лְæƷȥ޵׶ͷƷ繰ֵС
Сģ޵׶ɲǺĵطһѵ
ףһСĵġƷ˵ͷֶһߵĺЦЦ̱ǰ޵׶ķ򣬼ȥ
ٶȻصΣ뺣ò
Ǻǣѵˣ㸸ȥ𣿡΢΢һЦ
ɡŵĻصҲ޾ֱܾķصȥ
һĿɬΰҡҡͷҲ¶˼ϲõЦݣǰλŮѾԸԼ̸ˡ
ЩȻȥʲôһûɫĶź
֮ƷѾһΪĺ
Ϊ˵أ
ΪƬ뱱ͷĽ紦ȼ䣬˶ӵĻоκκĴڣﶼûУ鴦ǹͺͺģչĺܡ
Ȼ⴦طʥǿ˿ֱӳܲסɼϢǿ߽ƬҲ޷ܶá
ƷƬ򣬶һƬҲǲӣԪţʱڻӣƷŵͼǵķ򣬻̽ȥ
Χĺ򣬾÷ëˮѹǿʮľѹƷԪȻҲƷ繻Ǻˡ
Խ˶ӵĵطҲƷԽӵĶĦ˹ıس档ǿֻϧ޷ʹΣƷñҪȥ
ڣѰãƷ޵׶ıԵ
ԼƷǰԶ׵زб¶һֱﵽ֮ľ޶һƬһףľ
ǣ޵׶ȻʳźˮܱγһǿˮУԴԴϵ޵׶ӿȥ
Ʒ翴Ŀ࣬޵׶Ļ⺣ˮᱻ޵׶Ѵ꣬ʮ꣬⺣ĺˮôûأ
ò˵Ȼأǳ⡣
кǿƷĻԪо΢΢ĲԶں뺣ŵѣһ㶼ţ޵׶Ĳһܼ򵥵ĵطΧܸ֮оǹɿµĳ֮ǵ޵׶ֻΣ
룬Ʒ綼亹
£Ʒó˶顣Ȼղںŵĸ³оеˣڿɲǶĵʱ
Ʒ˼˻һڽǶ˸С
ȻƷо˸дһɼΪȵĸ¡ûüӦӸбһǿޱȵ˲ͨƷȫĴ
ǿƷƾƷȫµƷǱе˲ǿٱ
ڣƷվ޵׶ΧһӰ춼ûС
Ʒ绹ǱյӳڵԪ˫ա
һ׼֮Ʒڵһ£ֱӳ޵׶С


1061 δ֪Ŀռ
ֳƺϱ
ΪڱУ鴦ѩ飬о޴ѩ壬γһѩ½ء
岢סѩϣڼĺ档
ڱк򼫺ˮ䣬ˮѹǿ
ƷĵǣѾɹ˱
ˡ˵
ΣʵȻǰƷһ壬˼ϻƷɡ
ƬΧܹ㣬˷ֿѰȻϡƷ˵
뷲˵˵ͷʽѰ˸һ߶ȥ
Ʒĵ崦вķ;һֱѰѰʮӣûиоκϢĴڡ
Ʒ׼֮ʱͻȻ֣ԶƺдĶڸš
ʲôƷ΢ڿǵ壬ʵǳǿܹõλ׵ʵСЩζ֮ȥ
ƷߵǴ֮ʱһɹɶȻ֣ȻЩ޴ĺޡϧǣЩѾˣһΪһ߾߸ɱʬ壬׼
ˣƷһһɨӶȥκһطŹ
ͻȻ
Ʒ羹Ǿȵķ֣Щ޵֮оȻһаϢȻϢ΢ƷԸоЩа֮а֮֡
ݣƷ簵һЩѾ˺óһʱ䣬ɼаⱱлˡ
ΪƷʵǵǵİȫϽ·ء
ֱʮӣƷĵصԭϵ㣬Ȼ뷲ȺʱˡϾʵѰٶȷʵǱƷĵҪǿöࡣ
磬Ƿʲô𣿡Ʒʵ
ߣȻǣѾоааħȥĺﶼЩ޵ʬ壬˾Ѫ״ѾкóһʱˡߵԵüΪŭȻֻЩޣɱֶοǲ˵
ֵҲʹһǳа֮ˡƷͷһŭʷˣСأûʲôر
ҸǷֵĲһΪѾҵ˺ءɫһ˶ֵֻ嶼ѾˣӦò˲ãкЩʬĴڵġ
ǾҲûˡսܴҪľѪսѾаĳЭˡƷصĻص
ڿ죿ʵ
ҸоЩԾϽغ塣Ʒ˵
غ壿һ㶡
ûǻغ塣Ʒ˵ͷ
˱ٵĸ塣

ʱƷ壬޵׶
޵׶Ȼסж黤Ʒ绹ǿļµĸо޵׶еǹ
ûжĻ޵׶Ǳɡ
ڵƷ磬һ׹ʯٵ׹䡣׹ԽԽǿ
ã⻹ǶܳܵķΧ
ʱƣ׹ԽԽǹˮĳﵽ˷ǳֲһ־أƷȴǿҲֵÿʼЩ
Ʒ簵ľȶ񣬶̺ļƷϵԽԽǿʢΧˮƺƷ統ֵĵһ㣬ĳƷĻ
ǿˮѹƷɫأƺҪǾˮƣâʼɢңҲʼȻ
MD޵׶𣡡ƷŭһѾʮӣ׹ɣȻûдס
ȻԶ䲻׵ĻƷˣϾⶨеҲ޵ġ
׹ϵ׹ĳѹ
Ҳ֪Ʒ׹Ѿﵽ˶ѾǺܲ˼ˣ޵׶Ȼ䲻ͷ
ˮľѹҲʼǰδеǿԵƷĻƺҪܲסˣѾʼĲ

ƷһѾʼе˼ʹࡣ
ģҪ޵׶ɲǹŶУҲûҪһʵĵĦ˹ʵҪǿڵƷ硣
УʱޣҾԲܱƷ簵ţһǿٶ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒ͵ҫһҫ۵⣬ڳǿ
填
ƷһǿмӾ׹ĳƣԭ׹ӣټԱƷļ٣Ʒ׹ٶȱüޱȡ
׹ٶȣԭǿʮƷû뵽ǣǿٵĺôءΪԽԽֲƷ缸Ըоһ˺ѷΰʹࡣ
ΪֵǣƷ羹Ƿ֣ӵ׹Ƶٶ֮Ʒ羹ȻԼ޷ٽмˣ׹ٶȻڷԵ
ˣƷ簵һûڲѣ޷ٵ׹֮ƣƷȫһʹĥ⻤Ѿʼɢˣһɾ޴֮ʼѹƷ塣

Ʒʹ˻һ޾ĺڰ֮Уʱû˭ܰƷ硣
䣡
Ʒ͵һڵǿʼӿϢңϮƷƷ˫۷죬żʹࡣ
޵׶ʵ̫ˣֱͲ˿Խĵط
׹Ȳ֪٣ֲƷԿѿˮռ䣬ǣƷڶеѾˡ
ʹ࣡µʹ࣡
ƷԸоôĥȥĻҪɾ̫֮ǿˣռ䶼ѾܲסˣƷ綨޷޵׶˻ȥ
Ҳ˵ڵƷǽֲٽ޷ˣɼѾ˷ǳȵľء
棬Ʒ޷ʹ𸮣ĵҲγתƣΪ޵׶ĸʵ̫ǿˡ
Ǿ޵׶Ļʵ̫ˡ
뵽ڴˣƷ󵨵ĽԪǿںϡȻҪܼʹ࣬Ʒûѡ
ڣƷڵԪõ˴ǿ
ˣƷڵԪŭһԷ
һ£ǿһĽ󣬽ķҲﵽǰδеǿƷǿǿȶ
¡¡
ֲľϵĳƷķ󣬹ӿ
Ʒ籾ΪԳȥʱ޵׶УƺƷһħצ͵һ½Ʒǿгȥ

Ʒ羪һУûʶ˱˹ȥ
Ҳ֪жãƷʶƺĵõ˻ָ˫ۡ
ɣƷ㾪㵵ĿǰһƬ硣
Ӧһռ䣬һδ֪Ŀռ䡣


1062 Ħ˹
ɫʣʫһ硣ʵİ쵣޾Ŀռ䣬һϢ˱ǶƷƺԻ֮С
ͻȻ
͵ıһɱĸоֱ͸ƷУֱģԺ֮С
֮УƷ˹
Ȼ֮䣬ɫȻʧ֮ǰһƬڰĿռ䣬ռƺխСҲֻзԲʮ֮
þգƷһ°ӣС鼴ʹ˴̼ʶƷҪþˡ
ƷɫܹԻԼĻþȻﲻʲôõط
ţƷ翪ʼܴסΧĿռ䣬һС
޵׶𣿡Ʒ
Ⲣ޵׶е硣һɳư
˭Ʒһս𽣡
ǺǣţϷ޶⡣һϵЦƷǰĺڰ֮һ׹⣬׹֮УֱӻһӰ
ӰƷ˱סˡ
ǰһλ׷ԲԵߣΰС㲣Ϸŵİ׹⣬ƺֱŰĸо
ɢһɹϢƷ쳣ǿ󣬿ɼǰλߵʵԶԼ֮ϡ
Ʒ粻Ի̽ȥ߾Ȼֻһ֮壬֮쳣ǿֻҪҪɱƷ磬ƾ֮ҪƷ
뵽ڴˣƷѾŲ²⵽λߵݣæƷݼʦ
ʦ£ϲ¶º͵ЦݣͰЦǺǣĦ˹Ĵߡ
Ħ˹Ʒ簵
ȶƷ㹰˵ʦǺεأҼǵ˶뺣޵׶֮󣬱Ծⲻ֪֮Ȼ
ǺǣϷĿռ䡣Ħ˹΢΢һЦ
Ŀռ䣡Ʒ羪㵲ѣ⿪ռƷԶԶûﵽ־硣
ؾȣСƵԺҲܹġĦ˹Ц
ʦôƷɻʵ
ʱϷѾˡĦ˹ҡͷһɬŭ
ˣƷһȡ
ûϷ粻֮㱻Ǽһˡҵ˷磬Ϊǵȴҵļ̳ߡĦ˹ͳдżµĲʡ
ǹƷһ
ˣѾ⴦ռ䣬ϷҲܴ̫ãȻˣҲõҪĶɣĦ˹Ц˫۾â
ǵģΪ˶ʦĶƷεĻص
ǺǣҲ÷һЩ˰ɣĦ˹Цʡ
޷ʹãʦɫᣬȻҲӦнİ취ұѰƷʵĻص
ϷġϷɲ뽫ôҪĶһλ̰ߵһζͼʹǿʵĻ³ǺܱġĦ˹հЦЦֵѾ֤ѾﵽϷϷ⣬û뵽㾹ȻҲһλħ֮ߣϷȵǣ֮ȻϷ򶼿͸츳ϷҪҪеǿ࣬ǰ;Ժ磬ҲܴһƬ졣
ллʦ佱ʦȣƷʵǲ̫ԶˡƷص
ˣϷ򲻳ǫһסĦ˹Ʒ磬һɫʵϷΪҪǿ
ұǿԭֻһǾϣܹԼߵˡƷһĻص
شĲһζıǿֻΪɱ¾ĻǿҲûʲôˡĦ˹Цһ˶٣ֵƷ磬ȻѾϰϷԺϷѧ
һֱѽΪʦƷ繰ֵûκε٣ƷİƷȷʵĦ˹Ϊʦ
һӡĦ˹΢΢ͷƷʵ֪Ϊиã
Ʒ粻ʦָ㡣ƷӦ
ǺǣȻǿ󣬵ľΪϵĻʧǣϷ֮ԿΪþϣܹ㡣ȻûϷʧΪĦ˹Ц
ǶʦɷƷֱʵΪʱ䲻࣬Ħ˹Ҳܴ̫á
Ħ˹˵ͷһֻȥƾֳ֮һɫľᣬƮƷǰš
Ʒ򿪣۽Ħ˹
㿴ԻסĦ˹˵
ллʦƷм
ˣϷҲˣϷ֮ǰҵø㼸⣬ҲһϣܴӦϷ򡣡Ħ˹ŵˣƷ˼
ʦܷԸƷֵ̿
Ҫǣ֮һطҲϷħ񶼣ڽ֮ǰȵȥһ֮ءĦ˹˵
ʦģ֮رҪȥĵطƷص
Ժ磬мǲҪ¶ʵ츳꣬ʵġĦ˹֣صѵ
ллʦĽ̵ƷԻС¡ƷصΪжǰĦ˹ΪİˣоĦ˹ǰԼеѧ
ˣһϣչϷⷲΨһŮϣܺúñܵκε˺Ħ˹˵ϲ¶˼ֿɬ
ʦŮ˭Ʒ㶵ʵ
ǺǣѾܾãҲ֪ϷλףϷѾ֪ڵݡĦ˹ЦЦƺ˼ʹࡣ
ʦҿɷʶƷʵԽˡ
ȻĦ˹ЦЦ˵ǹ͢Ľ̻ʣά˿
ʲôά˿Ʒ͵һʵ̫ˣֱ׺䶥ǸȻĦ˹Ů
ӣʵ̫ˣ
ʦôܣԴ½еĴţ͢ϸ𣬶ά˿֮ڴ½еļ¼ǲǧ꣬ôŮƷ缤ĽʵȻ̫ȥܡ
ǺǣеĴôܻġĦ˹ҡͷһЦ͸żˣ֮̾ʱϷһλƽľʿ˿ĸάκΪޣ˿˿С츳ˣرǶڹϵŷǳߵ츳ڵļҲΪ˿õ˼ߵĵλӲǳãҵļ⵽δ֪ǿߵȺֻΪаĿħ֮塣ҵҶδ˳ϷȻ̤˼֮·˿Ӵ˹͢ʱ˿֪һУϷҲʼûϣΪʵڲĸǼĻ֣ǹ͢
˵꣬Ħ˹ʹı˫ۡ
ƷĦ˹һҲԵ÷ǳĳء
ԭ½һħʦĦ˹Ȼʹ£ŮȴϡߵǣԼŮϲĵطȻԼ߱ɱĸĳ֮أʵ̫ˡ


1063 Ԫ
Ʒ˼ãɫᶨ˵ʦҴӦԺԻúñά˿
ҲƷԼʦĳŵұƷά˿Ѿ˺ܴĸĹۡ
Ħ˹ϲ¶οЦݣлл
ʦǧҪҿҡҿɳܲ𣬶ⱾҵΣΪҵĶʦƷֵ̿
ǺǣˣϷ㣬һ˲ţԺܳɾһҵĦ˹Ц޵
ҵ룬ܵĻҶΪʦ𣡡Ʒɫᶨ˵ȻûҲ֪ǿߣʹĿ껹ԶƷһҲԽνĹ̤ڽ¡
Ҳ㣬ΪĺܳɫϷɱϷǿ̫ˡĦ˹ЦЦ̾һˣˣϷҲȥˡ
ʦƷɫһͣԵЩʹ
ǺǣϷܹȵĵ˶Ϸ˵ѾˡĦ˹ЦѿһС
ƷɫһͨһǹƷԺԲṼʦҲԲǶʦҵĶ飡
˵꣬Ʒߵ
ߵ֮Ħ˹ȴѾ׹⣬׹ƺ׼Ʈȥ
ʦƷһĪĴʹ
Ʒ磬Ϊʦ㣬Ժһλǿߡ֮ʱһرɣҲϷԭҪĶĦ˹˵꣬㽥ʧȻΪһƬޣƺһ㡣
ʦƷһͨˣįͷѰȴûĦ˹ټ
ݺݵģƷٴصߵʦȥɣƷӦģԲʧǹһˣúţƷܿȡ
˵꣬Ʒ͵
ڣܲǺܺãƷҪ뿪ռ䡣
Ʒ翪ʼǺɫᡣ
ΪƷֵĸоǾɫ뿪İ취
ƷĴǺɫᣬһɺŵϢͻȻƷеǾԵ쳣ĳء
΢΢Ʒ粻Ǻɫϴȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ɫͻȻӿһӴİϢǿƷԺ֮С
ӿĴϢȻƷдʹƷԲ˺Լȶ񣬾ı˫ۣƽϢ
ϢɲǻйеһЩϢƷ˵Ǵа
ãƷ绺˫ۣҰƺޱȵ͸ƺֱĸо
͵һ£ƷͻȻһǺɫᣬһȥ
飡
һ죬Ǻɫ㱩˿
֮Уһҫ۵ĽҫޱȵĶĿһǿޱȵϢһŽӲӵλƯƷǰ
ǰƷ缫Ϊжʦడ
ûűսƷʱɫмءĦ˹صʹطսɫƷ˺ɫ֮󣬺ɫҲеûȥҲ֮֡
ϢƷҲ֪սĦ˹֮ѣϧĦ˹֮ʱ㲻ˡ
Ħ˹񣬵ֲ˷ˣ㽫ս
ɣƷסս񣬿еĸоǹǿսҲԸоսеĲߡ
İɣȻҶ㱨ˣƷݺݵ˵Ѿ֪սĵ˭
Ħ˹ġƷҲӾĸоĿ£ԭµǿնֵ꣬ǿľȻҲΪľȶ߻ħˡ
ǣҲȫûƵģΪŹ׶Եơﵽλ۷ʱ򣬱㲻񣬱ͻ֮ſɼգȻն٣Ҳ޼£Ҳܲס
ϾҪԽλ񣬿ɲҪǶԹĸ򲻹Զͣ
ǺǣսӦÿԴﵽԪ˰ɡƷЦ⣬Ҫ뿪ҲصսҲĦ˹Ʒµرˡ
£Ʒ֮£ƷһƳİУһᣡ
ǶᣬǿаԵĽֵᡣ
Ȼ֮䣬սӿƷڡ
ӵӴӵһǿҵսսƷĿħ֮żĴ̼á
ΪսеսƷƺѾҪͻ˿ħһ׶Եı仯ǿоƷǿҵĶ־޲һλֿսԼ
䣡
ӴϵעƷڡ
תƷ֮ʱΪƷڵԪԣʼӿתΪԪ
˿̣ƷڵԪÿһ̶ǿ֮ϵĵõǿ󣬱ԽӵǿͣҲƺ
ȻƷҲڵԪ׳󣬵ʼӴԪչѹ
ѹѹƷڵԪԽӵŨʵԪȻʼѹڵ֮УγһɿֲƺΪƷԪĺ塣
ûԪ֮һԪ֮
Ԫ֮˼壬ԪƷڵԪڵγɵԪ۳ɹ֮󣬱ĴﵽԪ֮
ƷԪ̫֮ԶˣҪԪʵ̫ӴˣԿõλʵжôĿ¡
ʱƣʹ֮£Ʒսʱǳ˳ȻǿʱЩʹ࣬ƷѾ㲻ʲôˡ
ǿ
һ̣Ʒ쳣˷ܣڵԪѹ֮ƷԸоԪԭѾǿ˽ʮԭȿħ֮ľ磬Ҳ൱
ԼĪֹ˽ʮ֮
ǰǿƯսѾĴСˣսеҲҪƷϡ
ȻƷɲ˷κһֵ
ȣ
Ʒһһֱӽսʣµһ塣
Ȼֻһ̺ҲǷǳǿһɺһ㣬ͨͨ壬ƷĽմΪתԪ
ȭۣƷһܵӡ
ûƷͻˣս֮ƷɹͻƵԪ֮ʵλнǿߣǿħ֮󣬿ǿﵽԪ֮
ոͻƣڵϢҲرȶ
Ʒ粢궯ƽľȫµԪʼȥӦµԪΪá


1064 Ϯ
Ůԡ
Ϊŵף˰İ
֮УΨˣӡ
ֻǣͬǣдżʹɫΣŵȴǳ˼ԹޣƺҲЩΡ
ǺǣٶǸŮ֮ĵһЦǳ
ǰٶˣΪǼ飬ҸŮ֮䵽˽֡ŵĻص
һֱָʵ
Ǻǣ߸ϣôʸأŷһЦ
ţǸˣǺĲʲôöչ黹ںˣɣǻǰһ۰㡣żֿ˵
Щƺ¶һ£еľǿ棬վûѡͲ˽˹ں֮ʱ˾ηң˽ҵûмֱʶ˹ʱȫȫҺã֮԰͵ȡĶ飬Ⲣ⣬Լľ
õ飬ܼʵ˹ǼһѶĶĿȡǺĵλ֪Щ㻹ǼһѵǼһ𣿡˵ǰλŮúеǳͷۡ
ֻ뱣ѣ˺壬ǸˡҡҡͷֵҾͲˣк˵ĻЩпܽͳⲻǸ˼𣿡
ţ㲻ף˹ǼһǸҰĵˣôĸԸ뺣أȰš
ߣڿڮٺ˹к֤ô֪ͻﺣ壿б˽𣿸ǲҺͺ˹һѣŻ˶ĽڡߵڵŮ뺣ԡ
ԣҾǲһõͳ幫ôܸһѪͳµĺһأӲ
ǺǣǸʵһЦ
ˣ֪Ȱ㣬㲻ϻˣΪ˺룬ҾԲ˲˹ǸΣյļһֵѾŭ
ԲѾˡҡҡͷƺ¶ΰĸо
ʲô˼üɫһ壬źš
˼ǸӦ뿪壬ΪʱĻѾҾ˺˹ԭңĺҪ˹˵ϵˡ
㣡
һ֮ظӦȥȻɫ䡣
аŭһָźŭţ֪֪Լڸʲô𣿾ȻħЩй
Բû취ֻģǴӦң˺κһˣޱĻص
㡭ôôɵأЩ˵ĻҲţûĽеһԭ·ٸȥ
ԺߺЩ˼Ѱ˻뿪˺׷ȥ

ʱں޳֮⣬ֳӰ
ӰƷǺ޲Ҫȥˣսа
ڵսѻָƣԴӳΪ˶ʹ֮ټаѪħսʵҲɳñǰ˼Ѿ׼ͻλļˡ
⺣Ů湻ɵģȻЩòҵ˺壬վͺúһɣаЦ
磬ǲ˹Ҫ𣿡ʵ
ǺǣܹΪǵ˵ܲ𣿡аհЦ
ߣǿ湻ɵģû뵽սߵһ𣡡սһΪҪɱƷ磬սԲаһ
սֵܣһܿûǵĻһӶΪȥλֵܱˡаЦ
ϻ˵ƷҲսپɡս
ûھսپаЦһ˵뺣֮ǰȻɲ򵥣ȻѾˣϾǺĶһ֣ͬ
£
սа֣һҫ۵ĺڹҫ𣬿ֲħռѶͻȻüΪĲ
䣡䣡
ħ֮ǿаսǿħ֮ʱĺǲ˼Ӱ첨

֮УһƬֻš
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޴ĺ׾޳ǣʼҵҡ޾ӣȺҲǿֻĶ㣬ƾѾ
ΪػһֱںܺȻ⵽ƻܲú循أ
ɯΪ׵λǿߣźʿٵǰı߽֮
ʱɯıԵ֮㾪㵵Ŀ֮⾹ӰаħڷϮ
˼ˣ׷״ŭ
ɯŭѣкȵס֣
֮սа񣬲ȥɯǵŭԽкȣ͵Ĺ
䣡䣡
һǿħⲻϵĵŹĹ⻡޴ĳ֮ѾвһɹǿϮ֮
Ȼ֮䣬֮ڵĺռ伱Ť𶯵ԽɯҲԵΪܡ
ŭп޽š
޴ĺ֮УһƬֻ֮£ҵǣڴ֮ǰѾ뿪˺塣
һҪסԲ⵽ƻɯһΣѾȲˡ
£ɯΪ׵λǿߣͬλ֣׷ʩ֮Сõɯǵĺ֮ά֣ǿǿ˼֡
ߣһȺϣҲ뵲סǣаΪмһ
͵ģаһ˫ǿħ˹ȥ
ƣսҲ֣ʹȫһͬݺݵ͵ĺȥ
䣡
һ죬嫵ħڣһ𣬾Ǳƿ˼Ѻۡ
䣡
һ죬µ֮֮Уĳɯǡ

һĲҽУɯǽȻѪ˳ȥãΪɯǳ˴֮
У
аüͷ΢΢һ壬ЦǺǣϼһϹˣ˷ʱˣϽ
д⣡սԴӱΪʹ֮սҲа
ɯǿʹ࣬кѪĽеҲóס
£ٶע֮С
սаٶǿµħ׶Ĺ֮̾⡣
ɯǼˣﷺ˼־Ϊ˱ˣΪܹ֧ŵĹɯѾڵѪҺʼȼǿڵĺ֮ע֮С


1065 Ҳ̶
µħĶħı֮⣬֮Уѱںڰ֮С
֮УһƬСԲһų壬̣֮˶µֿ֮ע֮С
֮УʢţЩӴħȣȴ·硣
סһҪס
к˼͵һѾٺƴҲҪػ壬ҲҪѪ
һ̣Ҳʱڵźĳ֡
ΪѾ֧Ų˶ˣںʵаʵ̫Զˡ
ɣǺһҲǺ֮գаĿЦһٶǿ֮
͵ģһ˲䣬ǿħΪһ壬ԭҪ׺ݵֱ˹ȥ
䣡
ޱȾ죬޴ħѹ£ƬҲƺֲħڵĳ˹˿־ĺڰħֶ¡
ڣķվ޷аǵѾ׵ıˡ
أ
ռ𶯣ޱȵĻңֲĳ֮ӿ롣

һĲҽУɯڿٶȴѪ̵˳ȥ
ˡ
˵Ժ֮УͻȻӿʶ

Ц쫷ϯǡ
ֱӳ嵽ɯǵħצ侫ѪֶμΪĲ̡ǻһܰӣĶչɱ¾
ɱ
һŭĺɱ֮ʮĺʿŭĳɱ
֪аһһĻȥ
ͽȻ֮䣬һɿֲްħӿȥʮĺʿ˲仯Ϊ˷ĩʬ޴档

˾һµجΣ֮䣬˲ʮʿǻʲôȥ
аȥЩСĺʿս˵ͽˣǺҪˣ
˵꣬аźָĵطȥ
սɲ˷ʮľѪɱ¾ʵǲ御
ʱаѾ˺ĺ֣˺ء
ʱĺ˹ѸоĶ𾪲ѣȻħ֮˶Ժ֡Ϊ˲ܵš
ģϼһǺ˾ˣȻҪң˹޷ѣŭ
ͻȻһİЦ𣺡Ǻǣˣûң޷ġ
˹һѭȥǰպվһλѪɫаߣ˹ɫʵ㡭˭
а񡣡аֶϷŽЦݡ
㲻Ѿ˹㵲ѡ
ǺǣѾǰɣаȤζЦЦֳ˵ΪǺġ
ţҾ֪һ취ҳȥģ˹ϲѣȲĽе죡죡Ūط
ȻаһЦһ󲽱˲˹ǰһ̧за֮⣬кȻ䷺һɼɱ⡣
˹ԭϲɫЦͻȻ佩ӲסˣɫһУ㡢ʲô
ǵģǴӦǺŰڷˡӦøеңΪ㽫Ϊһ֣аհЦ
˵꣬а͵һư˲˹ؿѪɫ䣬һɼµʹ࣬ò˹ҧ

˹УʹŤ
һ̣˹ͻȻе֣ͣҿԸһܣ
ߣһ֮ˣܣаһȻ˵˵а΢΢˻֡
һȤǾǺıأ֪ģ˹Ľе
ıأаһ㶣߲ɷһЦɽצ˻ʹеõŵĲ˹ۼЦǺǣ˼ոֻһССЦΪ˾ȥġ
ССЦͲҪԼ⻹TMʲôЦ
˹ﶼ֪ажٱ飬ȻǲֱӵˣصĴ˿˵⺣ıкĺ񾧣õ飡⴦طֻ֪ð
Ǻǣû⡣аЦЦǿħһֱݺݵĽ˹ϵĺ
˹һϲչչӣͷЦٶˣҺڿԳˣ
ٷϻаͻȻֱӸЦеĲ˹ˮ
˹һ֪ڣȻʵ˵ⶨںŵ˼˻ݰ˵ⶨΪȻں
аɫһ䣬ߵҪߣ
аֱץ𲨺˹֡
һ̣˹ȴ֣˹չȥȴȫĴסˡ
ǰʵ̫ˡ
ԭԻ͵ĺ֮УһƬǽ壬ΪѪ֮ɫں֮УĴƯһ߾߸ɱʬ塣
ǽĺ֮УǱʮĺʿƴսϧԵǿµλǿߣֱѻʯ˻ڳϵӡ
˹Ǳ߳鶯ȻԹ޺δҪ˲̵ֶȥ塣
⡭ĺọ̀ôԡ˹˵˵гŭ
ôѵʲôаŲ˹ɱ
˹ֲѣæֵҡôʲô
ߣûУаһѪɫͫǰ˵ǸϼһѾˡ
˹һԹŭ
ʱս绹ɱþˡ
ͻȻ
һǿϢֱƶһըװŭס֣

ս΢΢һ£Ϊζ̧ͷͬʱҲ֣ͣ
Ѫħ˾Ѫǿ⺣ھѪķɱɱĺǿ̫ˡ
вЩˣǺѣҲ̶õĳ棬Ƿ׷ʹ಻ѡ
ಣ
һɫۼӶ
ˣаһЦŲ˹ǵԴͻȻֵĺ
ȻǰһĻ˱סˡ
ѾҪΪһƬˣĴƯʬǡ
оһƬ
ݺݵģսȭͷ߬Ѫ֮УмѪҺǳ鴤Ĳ˫Ŀ죬еŭ緢Ļɽ
ŭаǣҧгݰЩҪʬΣ
һ£
ҲŸ˹
ͬſǰҲ̶õһĻ֮ʱҲ׵ĴסˣôҲ޷ǰһĻġ


1066 ֮
ġôôſʼʹ״һеѣ˵Լġ
ûڣµİûڣ
һ̣ʹĺ޲ԼȥļŤ
󣬺ű㷢ĳаŭЩħСˣǲǷĴӦҲ˺ΪʲôҪڣΪʲô
ǺǣǴӦ㲻˺壬ֻû˵˺塣аһЦղѣֵЦһпɶѣֻǳΪ㡣ħѪ飬ȻҲϣ
ĺñɣɫŭѣŭаһεĲ˹ʵ˹ǿˣԭҲһģ
ҡ˹£ͷĻصҲֻΪ˱סԼѣ⵽һУ޹أ
ˣŽһ˵ǵģҰ𣬶һܵúܳףĺɵȻЩħС˵Ĺƣ㣡˹Ҷ⣡ǻҺ壡ҾҲԲŹǣ
˵꣬ŭĺű㼤֮׼ɱȥ
ͻȻ
žһ
ŭкűݺݵİһǶ⣬ʶ͵һ¡
㻹û蹻𣡡ŭǰԼŮְ
ҡԣҲȥԼĸ塣
֪Ǻڵûɱ㣡ΪһСˣ㾹ȻЩħ棬кˣ㶼˰ɣΪŸȺԵȥʮ𣡡һ˳ޱȵķŭ
Բ𡭡Ĳ֪ᷢ顭ʹޣûڲѣϧˣҲ޷ˡ
ɣԺԶǺˣҲԺûŮ̸ҹŭȻݺݵת
ҪΪȥ˱𣡡Žе
ž
һĶ⣬οʹ˼ֱһƽŸ˳ȥ
ѾǺˣԻᱨ̹ʵʹ˭ף
ΪʹԼŮ޷صĴ󣬵˽ģҪú뿪ϾףеκһˣǵĶ֣ǾǱɡ
ǣŷشʹ뿪ִĽеҾԲߣ¶ΪҲŸ˾޴ѣҾԲŹǣ
˵꣬ͻȻڼһǿĺ֮⣬ŭĳаǵɱȥ
ţһ׷ȥ
ϧѾˡ
ಣ
˲ӵаǵжȻֳ˳ǿҵ⣬һаǱŭն˹ȥ
ݡһ
һȥȻ۳һ޴Ľâˮ㣬ݺݵаǺȥ
һʹ˺е
ۼһҪ
ͻȻªյһ֮ǰȤζЦζʳϷҪˣ
ţб㷺Źĺڹ⣬ǿµħһֱץ˺ŵһ
أ
һ죬ǿŭһȻһȵĽסˡ
һ¡
ţŭѣӿٶȳȥ
ˣСŮޣһЦ̽һ֣ħצݺݵĿ˺ϸ۵ĲȻǰ̽ǶĵͷǺŵһ
֣ŭħ壬ȫȴ޷
ŭѣֻεͣŭ񣡸̷ţ
ƾʲôأмЦ
֣ѣֻͽ޹
֣ЦôѪҺӦúζɣЦзаĹâ
˹ʹѣҪ֣˹е˺ϣ
аһæеܣ˺
£⣬˲ɻ¡
һ̣͵˳һƺݺݵؿлȥ
أ
ֱӱŸһƻˣŭĺٶȻ˳׼˺ն˹ȥ
ⲻ֪ȴ͵ĳ˹һֽŸ˻ȥһߺȵȥ
һʱӦֱӱ˻ȥ
Ȼ˺֮ǰеĳֱӶݺݵĴ˹ȥ
ʵе泤Ǻĳ񲻸Ҵ⣬˫˲ǰһ㵲ȥ
䣡
һ죬泤ֱͱķ㣬ռȻѣֲĳ֮ļ̾
ɫ䣬û뵽е泤ꪾˡ
Ȼе泤ԭʹùĺꪣ֮ʮҲǺܹú겻ԭ

һһͦꪣǿĺ֮񼱴˹ȥ
ݣ
ȥˣ֮һ㣬ƿ㺣ռ䣬ɱ
񱻺ꪸס겻ɢ㣬ֻȫӭ˫ٶȽǿħ㡣
䣡
ķٶȱꪸݻ٣ɱֱƶ
аһħһѪɫ˲䵲ɫֵ֮ǰеѪӭź̶ĺꪱն˹ȥ
أ
ɾǿǿһ㣬ƿˮֲľΪķıɢ˿ˮѹÿǰĿ¡ĺսǣѱ˳ȥ
а뺣Ȼǿҵһ𣬸Ա˳ȥӻһߡ
ֺֺꪣϣϾɱ⡣
аһЦǺꪣȻǿϧǣʵвǣɱ
һͣս뱻˵ɱ˹Ϊ˽ʡʱԺꪵĹ˼ɣаǾȻˡ
ߣãһǣһеĺꪳĺɨ˹ȥһɾ޴Ļ˲Ϯȥ
а˺޾ɫһͬȫӲӲֱӶ˺ꪡ
䣡
һ죬ֲľӿռڼŤŷ׷ѣƬޱȵĻҡ
а֣ǿò˼飬кꪣʵа֮ļ࣬ǶǶ֡
һǶȫܲס˫־飬ֱӿһѪ˳źǱı˳ȥ

ʹĴһϧɳ֮ʵ̫ǿˣŸ޷
Ҳ˶ѣЦ
ţٶ֣ȫ׼ɱȥ
һ֣ǿԵĹ
ûѡ񣬳ꪣӰԵޱȵĹ°
бʹ࣬Ĳ˹ںŵȴǼ˿̹ǵĳޡ
ʱǿϢڼٵıƽ


1067 
ʹĺţޱȵİûڣȻ֪ԼĸΪ˱ԼúԽӵھΡ
΢΢ŲԶˮĺſɬ˵ţЩ뿪ɡ
ƴҡͷ˸⡣
ţ㲻ˣñסǺѪߣе
ҾҲߣɫԵ˵ļᶨ
㣡Ρ
ǺǣǸŮͦ˵ģֻһ߲ˣаЦ
ڿɶǵʳȻɲܾˡޱȵĹЦ
ءаյӣЦҪܹĻǿһڣ֮仹Ǳһ
˹վһԣԶʹĺţĲ̣ҧƺ¶ĳ־һ㡣
ҽ飡Ǳ뿪
ԣаЦھó̾Ů뿪
뿪
ҲߣվǰΪ䵭˵ˣԶ޷õ飡
ţסڣȳ
аЩԾʣţ⻰ʲô˼
˼ܼ򵥣ⶨѾһλƷҸԶòġĻص
ʹ̾ţôôɵ
ҲɵֻҲ뱳źޱĻص¶Լĸսס
ߣƷǸһаһԹޱȡ
а񣬻ǱˣҺоԶмϤϢڱƽˡսͻȻ˵
ƷˣаһźŮȻʲôòͽǸŮˣɱ
䣡
аٶ֣ͳ
óѣֺֺꪣһԽľɽһ㣬϶зŶĿ⣬𵴡
аǸûѺʹǺкꪣֵʵǿᣬͲаǵĶ֡
ݣ
һ޴ĽˮˮռȻ䱻˺ƣ͵ı˺
ŭ
һеĺ͵ĳǰһɨȥ
𣡡
ꪸһȥһ޴ˮ̺ǿĺ֮ڵӭЩϮĽӿȥ
¡¡
ӿ룬ĽԱɣâ䣬ˮռѣֲľܷĵϮƬ
ֳֺꪣ磬ȻһȵĽסа˵ֹ
ȻǱɢ֮УĺɫӰ֣аͻȻƵ˺ǰһĹѺá
㵱Ϊô𣿡аЦ
ݣݣݣ
⣬ͬһʱ䣬׺ݵаǳֽǿµħһͬŭնȥ
ʹУȥκ𵴳ĳ̫֮ǿžȥñֹ
һҲǺ޾ɫĻ˺ꪣӭȥ
䣡
׾Ľâݺݵ˺еĺϣһɾͽȻѹȥˮռ˲飬ĳ֮ӿ˺
ɫأƴӭ֮עںУκа˵Ĺ̫֮ͣкƶȫ֧Ųס

һʹУȫҵһһѪֱӴӿз˳˼ΪǱı˳ȥ
žһȥ
ۼžҪ֮ʱ
֮У͵תһƣݺݵŵȥһ߽еߣ
飡һ
Ÿ޷ӦùԼġ֡һ㣬ӱƶ֮ݺݵ˻ȥ
һҲƴˣŭһһʢţǵһֵ˻ȥ
ֱͣȥƴˮ򱻾ǿбƿŭĺֳɱ˹
аվԭǲмڳɱĺ˵ǺƴҲ޷˿⡣
ಣ
˲ӵаǵǰŭٺꪣ˺ˮռնȥˣڡ
а֮ɫѾõǣͬʱӳһźĹ˹ȥ
䣡
ըףӴľײֱԭӵը׷ѿһ׵Ĺ֣Ƭڿ־Ĳţˮϣǳʮ֮ߡԲٺ֮ڵĺޣӡ
޷Ӳа֣ԭܴشѪֱ˻ȥڵĺ֮ҲĵĺأѾټаǵֹˡ
а˫һ䣬ߵʱ䣬ɱŹ
͵ģаˣͬħӰѹſֲħɱڵͳԭտɫĺ̼ҲȾΪں֮ɫ
ţߣһپΪ˱ţǿٶȻꪣڽ֮עںС
䣡
źꪣ͵ֺɨ˳ȥ
Ϯ䣬аƿӰЯſֲħıаĺ˿Ҫĺ
¡¡
ֲıը֮ϣӱЩը֮ѵĿռ䷢û˵ľɨĴ
ҽһһܵصشѹ˿ڣѪֹ沨˳ǹɱɢľˣı˳ȥ
ʹĴУǿг˾ƣӵ˺ǰȵĽס۵ˮڻҵĺˮ֮С
˫ۣЦǰĺţϲЦǺǣš㣬Ҳȷʵдȡ˵ЩѾûˡΪ˺壬󡭡뿪
Բ𡭡ҵĴҾԲᶪܵġˮֱʹ಻ѡ
졭ߡĽе˿
ߣ߲ˣаһӰֱƶ
ͻȻ
ǿϢڳٵٶȼ߱
ǣսһ
ߣȱǣɱ˺Ůĸߣаȵ
ɫһ䣬ĽеҸƴˣ
ۼаǾҪƽ뺣֮ʱ
Ȼ
һӰ֪ʱȴӵ˺ǵǰԶ֮
ţǵӰת˹ǸЦźţһЦԲΪˣ
ɫһΪѾ˹ڵѪҺѷȼ̼֮ޱȵǿ
Żûԭ²˹һ̣㱧ź˿
аƣŭһ۲˹ŭ쵰ȻԱߣ
ԱҲаܵ鷳аǵƷɱƲͷųħֻʻӣֻѡԵķˡ
䣡
Ǿ޴ıը֮УϮƬ򣬶˹ӰȴʧǴ۵֮еһӰ֮У˹Ϻպ¶˽ѰЦݡ


1068 Լս
¡¡
ֲıը֮ڶƬͷڡ
һ̣δĲ˹ȻѡԱԼ˺뺣
˵ĵĻ˹ȷʵźţȻҲḶȥȺš
ʱѻڵĺԶһͷųĺ֮ȥǡˣЩ˻˲أֻʣ֮ڡ
аǣΪоƷǵĵʱƷ罻սѾʧȥټ
Ҫɱǣʹ޵Ľе
ţ׷ˡһͳ𣬺΢΢˫ۡ
ʹ޵һ⣬ԵĻǺ޲ɱԼдδҲΪ屨
Ⲩ˹ЩģȻǡһЦϷ˿ɬ֮ɫ
ȻǣԶҲһźݺݵ˵ΪԼһ˽ģú⵽˾޴ѣںŵѾһԶ޷ĨУм֮ڶԲ˹ޱȺ⡣
Ȼ
ಣಣ
Ʒڸ˹ǰǽһĻһķ
Ϊǻһ
ô˿ǰ˲̵һĻɫ㱣۴ͣۼһġ
ˡݺݵսȭͷ˫Ŀ죬ޱȵķŭ
аǣʵ벻ףΪγƷʹ޵˵ھβѣΪҪö飬Ͳ⵽ⳡѡ
ɣƷǳصߵ˺ǵǰ
֣Բˡɳư˵Ǹһ
ⲻǡҡҡͷһʹ
ңңҺ˺壡ʹĿ޵
аú𣡡Ʒȭ
ͷŨŨ
֣㾡ɷģǱˣƷŭɫ˵ϧѾѰаǵӰˣڲ˹ԱʱѾˡ
ߣЩһֻҪںУǾӲˣߵ˸ǿҵɱ⡣
֣ʱȱ˵ЩˣȽˣƵÿЩָҵĻҿ԰Ʒ˵
Ǻǣ鷳ˣƷֵܡЦ
ƷбԳ𸮣ֱӽ޸ռУһ֮ڣɻָȬ
ҸأŽе
ģҵռܰȫҲɺָܿơƷӦһֽɫʹеĺţʵţаΪλⶼɣ
ңҶԲҸԲ塣ʹţûڲѣµ޷Ĩȥ
ߣǾͱ˵Υŵԣⶨǲ黹ˣһԽ֡ƷһںäĿŮӣƷеΪ
ⶨ鱾ںģһʲôʸȥӵжءҡҡͷ
ⶨںδָ֮ǰұܡƷ䵭˵
ųͷﲻϵԼ
ͻȻ
һаһϤĺӰӶ
ûа
Ʒ磬Ȼǣֻϧһܵ˶ʳаЦ޿ְӡ
˾һ£ͷŭа
㻹ɱŭ֡
ⲻ֪Ʒȴһֵס˷ŭǣ˫а񣬵ʵ˵ɣʲô£
Ʒ磬ϻʲôɱŭеɱڣǶʧȥ
Ʒҡҡͷ䶢аʽĿ˵˵ʲô£
СӣȽϴԱߵɵӣаĴЦһ
ˣ˵ʲôһս£ŭ
аȥЦƷ˵Ʒ磬սģʮ֮󣬴½֮أ֮ĶԹһս˽⡣һգҲڣ
ҵţƷһ漴һƸջһƾ
أһ
аӱ㱬ը˿ȴǻΪһƺ̡
ߣýƻļһȻǻ壡һǲʡ
Ѿ͸ˣаһĵûʮİգǾԲǽսġƷص
ŭѣܳ嶯ĺӦûûԶҪȥˣ
˵꣬ȥ
͵һ£Ʒǿ߬ס˺ţԴ㻹𣡾ҵΣǵĶ𣿾ȻѾ㸸ͺ壬ھ͸Ӧúú壡
ҡԣĴͷʹ޵ĺûá
ڿɲ˵ЩʱаȻˣѾȫ뿪㲻úµĻ͸Ͻ˴ΪﲢرİȫƷ˵
ˣѾǺŮˡҡͷԴӺȺ벨˹ıѣúŶԺ弫Ϊ
屾ںһѵǺͨͨ㻹ĸٶʧ𣿡Ʒ
ɫһƺ˹һչƷѿķȥ
磬СڱɣǸԲˡƷص˵

뷲Ӧźȥ
ȥ֮Ʒʹ޵ĻƯŸʬƵĺ塣޺޵ҧҧϱҫһʥİ׹⡣
Ȼ֮䣬ʥĹâܣڹ֮ף֮£еĸʬΪ˹㣬籦ʯ˸ӯӯ鲼ں֮С
׹֮£ƷŭսȭͷаǸҺúõţ³ˣƷ綨ҪŰٱ

ڴˣںеĳڰ֮С
һ£
а˵Ӱ֡
ߣͲôһ㣡һ
ģƷһս֮⣬Եа˵а񣡸ղǱͲӦߣôƷǸһ𣿡
£Ʒܹ޵׶гõʲôôڿûİܹԸСӣҲȥðաаĻص
ûգôʮ֮ԼսأǲǶǸΪսߵ
ǺǣΣаһЦͷս˵ܼ򵥣ΪҿҪͻˣʮ֮ڣұɱСӣ
Ҫͻˣս㵡
ʲôֵģˣ綼ѵƿڣЩҲúúñչأҲǿҪͻ˰ɡЦƺǹսһ㡣
ս֮ɫû뵽а׼ҪͻˣԼȴȻֹλ߽ס
뵽ڴˣսԭļƻѾҡˡ
룬ܹƷаԼǻصҲлᷭǲˡ
а񰵰ıս磬ߵս磬ΪҲ֪ڴʲô⣬ǣ㻹̫ˣȨʱƿҵС


1069 ʹά˿
ʱƷ綼˺塣
뷲ˣΪ˴½İȫлȥʮ֮ǰҪڴ½вս֡
Ͼһаǿб½ҲҪʱӭ׼
ѾȫָƷȫ壬ؽ壬뺣޸Ʒ󷨵裬뺣˽⣬ֻʱ޸󣬶һǿ
ҲǨغ壬Ȼ俪ʼìܣ˹Ůع麣壬ЩǨĺҲ뺣Щײ
һκʧĺأʧ˴ĺʿǴﵽʮҲʷ⵽شˣ屯ʹ

֮УΨкƷ硣
Ʒֵܣ׼Ҫ뿪˰ɣʵƷΪģΪмĽƷΪֵܡ
ֻҪаδ½뺣ΣԶλȥ֮ҾҪú˽ˣƷ
ɲǺ壬Ʒֵܣξǰȥɣߵ˵
֣ɲУ⵽˾޴ˣʹ뿪ĻҵаֻǺ岻Ʒһ࣬ɫ˵ɷģаЩɵļһҶὫǵͷ㣡
̾Ϣһ֪״Լȷʵǲ˳սƷֵܣǿɾͰˡаɲ򵥣ɾǱǸˣǧҪġ
лл֡ƷӦв˶飬ǰݹ˺Уⶨ鱾Ǻ֮ԭ
ǺǣⶨǺѾҪˣǺҲʲô£͵Ǻ͸΢΢һЦ
֣ⶨҿܲ𡣡Ʒֵ̿
¡һɫĻصȻǲҪضˡ
˾⣬ƷҲƴǣ㹰ָлǡǾл֣һúϧġ
ԺѴҺ壬Ǻʱӭ㡣ˬһЦ
õġƷͷһЦֵֹ֣Ҿȸˡ
ţаЩһͷг˵
һƷӦȥ
Ʒȥ֮󣬺ЦǺǣ˹ֵܣλѧ

½֮УƺһƬ
ȴ˸о쳣ѹ֣оһµı꼴Ҫһ㡣
۹۹ڴľۼǿߣȻ
Դ뷲˻½֮У㽫µϢ˻½ڲִٵľۼڻƽ밲ȫش
һսϵ˸۹Ĵǹϵ½Ĵ
һΣ½ҲǴﵽδйŽᣬһ¶⣬ʱ׼ӭսаЩڰʿĵ
ʮյʱÿһ춼Ƕꡣ
Ʒص½֮󣬲޷ڼ壬˹͢
ʱΪõаƷʮ֮ԼսϢ͢ҲھۼصҲ㳲׼ӭս
ʥ֮Уά˿ڶԿ֮С
˵ά˿һֱҳŷڹ̣û뵽ԼȴǱ˹͢ʹΪС
ȻһϤά˿Ķ𣺡Ǻǣɺá
ά˿һ֪ΪΣƷʱﾹֺĸоѭȥƷЦվڲԶ֮Ȼϲ˵Ʒ磬ԽԽʥ˵𡣡
ѵ㲻ϣ𣿡ƷЦԵñǹ졣
ά˿üͷһ壬۽Ʒ磬ܸоյƷ翴ЩԾƺԼѺ࣬ҲǴ㵭ʵʲô£
أһҪ㣬˳һˡƷص
磿ά˿ʵ
ûЩҪƷ˵
㡣ά˿ҲûʲôʣǻʲôôҪأ
Ʒɫ˵أǹϵ˽£ȻѾѡ˱ѹ̣ҲӦҲý¸㣬ҲܹһֱĿա
ʵƷѿˣڵά˿ڽ֮УƷҲ뽫¸߸ά˿ϣܹά˿еĿգֻʹ
ˣ±˵ά˿ԵЩͷ˵
Ǻǣ֪ƷЦʡ
ά˿ɻȻƷʵúܹŹ֣ʵĻصҴС޸ĸ󱻹ܶ͢ν̻ʡôѵҲȤ
ƷһЦʵҴؿ֮Ƿһӡ̥ǣ
㣡ά˿һŭһֻؿڣΣô֪
㸸׸ҵġƷͳ
Ҹףά˿ɫһ˫ˢһ±ˣ޲ó嵽ƷǰʸĽʵҸײ𣿿죡ң⵽ô£
㸸ȷʵˡƷ˵Ļص
ô˵Ҹ׸ģңά˿ŭԽӵļ
û㣬Ϊ㸸ױҵʦƷҡͷص
ʦά˿㵲ѣò֪롣
ҵʦǴд½һʦĦ˹ƷһɫĻص
Ħ˹ⲻܣά˿е֪Ϣά˿ж𺧣֮ά˿粨޷ƽ
֪ѽܣûƭ㡣Ʒ˵漴ͳά˿нĦ˹Ϣά˿Ժ֮С
þã
ά˿ЩϢ֮۱ÿն
ȷʵϢʵ̫Խˡ
ԭԭһֱϲĵطмˣȻɱҸĸĳˣά˿ţ絶ʹϣʶǱһƬҡ
Ʒ̾һȻ֪ά˿Ϣַ֮ӦƷ粻ټ㲻ٿˣ֪֪֮ʲôѡˣ
ҲţԲģά˿ʹĽеȫ˼Щվȡ
Ʒҡҡͷǰᱧסά˿
ά˿Ͳﾪ㵵ĶƷ硣
ҳԿ㣬㱧һҲһЩƷûЦůġ
㣡ά˿£Ǻݺݵ˽ƷĻУ˼ίĺһ㣬
ƷҲıסά˿䷢й
ΪƷǿŮˣҲʱ򡭡


1070 ޿ռ
֪ά˿Ҳ˽ά˿еĿա
һֱά˿ܵ˹͢Ķݣԭά˿Ϊ˹̶еھգ֪Լ֮ά˿¶Ʒ˵ľġ
ңԴά˿Ʒӵ֮֮䣬ά˿ƷĸоԽ׽ˡ
Ʒҵ磬̷ڼ塣
ˣ
һϤڼĴԺ֮ƷܰĿһϤЦƷļҡ
ȻжŮӵ˹е
ȻƷսΪԼѣƷ粻ϵսĥǿ
ΪǶѾ֪а׼ִ½֮£ȻҶܵƷ磬˭ҲƷɸ
ԣƷص֮˵ûһ㣬ǻϲƷ磬ǳһԲ
Ʒ֮Ҳûȥ飬ϸĵżԼĺӣñζ˭Ҳ֪ʵﶼܡ
ʮ֮󣬱Ǵ½ӭѣⳡѣܷƽȹأ
⻹һδ֪
ҹƷ羲ŶŮǶ˯
ΧһƬƷ§ŶŮݶ֮ϣ˰ݵĹϵɫ
Ʒ硣ͻȻ̧ͷƷǿݵݡ
ѩ˿Ҳ̧ͷ۽Ʒ硣
ôˣǲǾýɫƷݵЦ
Ǻȵ˵ͷ˶٣˵Ʒ磬˿Ѿˣʮ֮һͬȥ
УǺúչ˺úǡƷһھܾˡ
ΪʲôУںȽ㶼ѾﵽԪˣǿչԼģĺܵ㡣ѩ˿һӡ
ǱҸͬȥˡƷҡҡͷ§ŶŮ˵֪ǶܵңһοɲǿЦԵĵǿò˼飬ǳˣչ˲ǡңһƽƽĻģô
ѩ˿һۣ֪ǲܵˣֻѡЭˡ
һҪúõĻǰһҺͺǶȽƷ硣
⻵һǷһأɲˣѩ˿ĽеȻĿƷҼϡ
һġƷŶŮſռŵҹգ½ˣҲúúð˿ˡ

½֮Уǿ߶ѾУӿ½ʮʱ޽ӽԵԽӵѹ֡
Ʒصڼȴһ㣬ƽݵĶȹ졣
ƷҲţڴռд洢˴ԪͬʱҲǿΪݵĵһ塣
Ʒϲ⣬аȻԼԼսȻ̣ԲôöԸаǰԸĸԣƷѾ²⵽˴½ֵĵط
һǹ͢Ʒ뽫һڹ͢ƷҲὫĵפƷȥ֮Ҳ
طٽںıԵҲаֵĵط
۹Ļ۶ƷµԪ־ƷǿаԵ۶չ͵ϮҲ׼ԻƵģƷ絹ġ
ʱ䣬ƺú
գǵա
Ʒ绹ûǰǶʱռ
ƷľѾﵽԪڣȶʱռһʱƷ綼ڼӱޡ
Ʒչ㲻ʱռֻ˰겻Ѿȹ̵ԪڣЩͻƵļǻ֮ƷԭҲƵһ磬ΣƷ绹޷õ꾳ͻƣˡ
ڣҲֻˡ
ʣµİʱƷ˾ռУʼսԼʮľ񣬿ǱƷǿʮʵĶ֡
ƷҲʹʹԼսʮȶһֱʮ屶ľƷƣֹͣս
ȻƷֽʱռлָʵޡ
ѭƷڵԪһǿƷս
գҲ֮еĵڰ졣
ڰ죬Ʒ粢Ǽ˾ռ
Ʒ粢ս񣬶𸮵һǰ
еÿһڵĿռ䣬߱ǿƷʵѾ߱˿һšٽаǽսƷȫǿʵ
ƷƺѾеԭˣڤڤ֮ƺƷˡָоƷܲƷ뿪𸮵һſռ䡣
Ϊֻм𸮵ˣƷſ֪еĴ𰸡
ɣƷѾվɢϢĽ֮ǰÿһοŵʱƷ綼Եúڴ
ʮſռΪռ䣬ڼսǿĥǺд̼ԵĿռ䡣𸮵ĵʮſռ䣬ֻʲôأ
ǺǣǰúõţһģƷЦЦ̧˫ƣǿԪ
ɱ֮䣬׹ʢţֲľھռп˿
Ԫڣδħ˵ǿ
ȻһţƷ粢Ҫпħ͵ǶԼ
ѾãƷڵԪӿ˫֮УƷȫǿ׳ʵ
ȣ
ƷһŰâ˫ƣİ˽֮С
أ
һ죬ռ䶼ǿҵһƷһ˫ǿ˫Ѿ˽СԽǿӲķ֮ȻжƷ󲿷ֵ

Ʒ㵣˫кպձƻһɾ޴ķ˫ֶоЩ֮УѪڡ
ôôǿƷ羪һƷ绹ܲſռأû뵽һĿռѾסƷ硣
ԣƷԸղ̽Եİ˲ǽžȻһԵޱȵĳء
쿪ˣƶˣƷɫһڿӿһǿԪһοʮ
ƣ
Ʒһȫϻȥ
䣡
һ죬Ʒ˫صӡ˽У˲㵴һǿĹⲨ֮Խӵǿᡣ
Ʒȫ֧ţķ֮

ƷһȫǺ죬ȫʹ֮ǽڳ¶Щ϶϶СƷ޷ƶһ֡
֮£Ʒ˫һ죬ħ֮ʮٶҫǿҵİâǿڳ˽š
̬Ʒ˿ȥħȴΪòǴˡ
ò˵ÿһŵĿһս
ڴƷϲ̤˽š
ȻһİϢǿƷԺ֮У޿ռ䣬֮ΪΣΪ飬Ϊͨߣɻ֮ޡ


1071 Ĵ
ռ֮УƷɻͷ
˵⴦ռģƶռ仹󣬵ʲôޣھëûз֡
ɻƷ粻ټĿռȥչɨܣʧǻʲôûз֡
ʲô޿ռ䣬ⲻڻŪңƷĽе
˵꣬һͳװȴͻȻ
˭Ʒһ
ѭȥͻȻһǿϢƷ෽򣬾ǲ˼ҫһǿҵɫâ
â֮УڳһӰ
һ޴Ĺͨ巢̣ھ޹꣬׳ں֮ɫ֫ͷһƬƬۣߣ쳤һ޴߽֮塣һ˫˸ŹĶӣżŭעƷ硣
Ʒǰ͹֮ʱżƷ㵵ĺޣ䣡
Сһǵ𣿳ûεġһŮӰӶ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒ֮࣬ȻһǿҵĻ⡣
ңڰȼգȵĸ˲ռ䡣
ٶ֮УȻ۳һ޴Ӱ
һֻ񣬵ȴΪ죬ͷ򦣬߾βɫƣȸͨȫһ֡
ޣȸƷ
СһʵΡһ
ͻȻ
һ֮ռͲպձһǿԵսıѹƷ硣
ǿսƷ簵ѡ
תȥһҫ۵İ׹𣬹â֮Уһֻɫ޻Ƽֶͨ޴ϵ޳ɷΪ׶
ޣ׻ƷеһһȻ˵е޶ˣȻҲٲĴ֮ף
ɣƷ绺תǰǰѾҫһհ⣬ǿ̼ƷҰһϵ
֮Уһ޳ɫζӣ˸ɫƷ磬ĵ
࡭ƷסˣǰΪ֮ɢ֣֪ȫͲһεġ
Ĵޣ޴Ӱ˷ʵʵİΧסƷ磬һ˫˫˸Źâľ޴ĶƷ硣
Ǵ˵еĴްƷľ磬ڼ⴫˵еĴ֮ʱҲǼ֡
磬СӲɵ˰ɣûϢĺߵƷǷӾ;رǿƷһõӣԲм
ϵܣλС˧羹ȻܹȻмͣҿɸȤءȸЦǺǵ˵
ߣֻԪھѣǵƣһָͷҪ׻°ߵ
ˣˣȻԺǵˡ˵ΪȤƷ硣
Գ˵Ԫڵľ޷ſռģû뵽ǰλ˾Ȼƿˣ޿ռ䣬βǾþ档
ˣƷһ㶣ǰʵڵĴޣǰгɵƷ磬ҲδȻܹ˵еĴޡ
ûȻ𸮵ˣͽǱʸΪǵˡ
ģƷ˫۲һȻﲢʲôޣĴްæаһսվ͸ˡ
΢΢ͷһɫʵҵһ⣬֮ʼ㵽˶ã
Ʒ˼˻ЦǺǵĻصĻǶʮҰɡ
ʮ꣡
һǹĶƷ硣һʼƷӡеǳмİ׻ƷĻش֮ҲԵ𾪲ѡ
ʮʱ䣬Ԫڣ츳Ҳʵ̫˰ɡ
ڣٴƷ磬ǲٸƷ磬Ƿǳ֮͡
СӣʮﵽԪڣҲ̫ܰɣ䵭˵ȻЩš
ƭλ޴ˣǼʱռĻۺʮɡƷʵӦ
ʮ꣬츳˵Ŀֲ
С˧磬ǵ˿Ϊҵôһ֮ʱ㾳磬Ҳǧʱû뵽ȴֻʮ꣬ȸЦֹס𾪡
ȻҲƺԵúƽǵﶼļ
ҵҲֻöѣҲõǰҵ𸮣Ȼܳɳ֮졣ƷЦǺǵĻص
ǫ𣬲𸮵İҲٲ츳ĳɹȸЦƷԽӵ͡
˵ĻǼλҲҵǰԺָ㡣Ʒ繰ֵԱϡ
ǺǣǰǿɲҵܽǵˡЦЦɫͻȻֵδΪǵ֮ǰЩҪø㡣
ǰ˵Ʒ
΢΢ͷƷ˿øбȣ֪֪εݣܿϧֻܿһܵõ𰸡
֪ҶŬȥߵһſռġƷĵӦ
ΪֵͣΣܳΪǵˣɼԦЭ㣬ɷģڲȫ壬Ϊ壬ΪǲġǻʵǿǿҲ˵ԪڵʵǻӵԪڵʵԺʵǿõҲǳ㣬ϣܰȫ壬Ϊǿĺܡ
ԪڣƷһȻֻԪڵʵǱΪ֮壬ʵԪǿ߶һƴ
룬Ʒֲɺʵǿɷңǵȫܹﵽǿ
ǿ㾳ɡĻص
㣡Ʒ羪㵲ѣǲǿԱеǿߡ
𼱣ҪΪǵˣͨǵĿ顣˵
飿Ʒ¡
ߣȻѲô򵥾ͳ𣿡׻ߵ
ãϣܵõλǰָ㣡ƷսⰻȻĻص
ֹλȤζ˵
ֹλƷɻ󲻽⡣
ǺǣȻǽ޿ռ䣬ȻֻǡЦ
ȻټĿռ֮УͻȻһɿֲϢ
ƷԻ̽ȥеĸоΧѾ˳ǧǿϢΪ֮Ϣ
𣡺𣡡
һ޺Զŵ޺֮籩һ㣬죬ֲϢˣŵİΧƷ硣


1072 ս
ƺƴ
ƾƣƷ羪
ν޿ռ䣬ޣпԸܵõѰ֮ޣеޣǿ̫ˡ
ޣΪϷʰһߣƷ硣
Ʒ类ΧУɫҪҪȥﵽ޽붼֪б̬
𣡺𣡡
һռ޺֮ܿʼһһֳһ޴Ӱһͷͷ޴ĹɷǿƷ磬ǰѺá
Ʒ羪㵲ѣ˼ˮ־ܵЩϸϸȥ
һƷż֪Ĺޣռ˴󲿷֣һδ֪ޡݲЩж£ԿƷļʶ
ΧЩ׶ľޣɫֵƷ翪ʼţ룬󞣬ڣ칷
ƷеƷ֪еԶޡ޿ŵĴﵽֻޣҲǧ
ʵ̫ˣƷ𾪲ѣЩֵԶޣƷҲһս
ò˵Ʒ˵Խӵ𾪣Ȼܽ˵еЩԶ޶չУǿɵöͨ
Ʒ붼ȥ롣
ҵǣĴ֮⣬Щϵޣ粢ǴﵽԪڣҲϴﵽԪϵʵ
룬ǧֻƷﵽԪ֮ҲҪȺľ޸ĥ
ΧЩĳȺޣƷ㣬Ķʵλǰǲ˵ҵսеްɣ
ǺǣȻ޿ռĿ飬òеĻǾһ֮ɡЦ
һ꣡ôãƷȻ
û취ôģ̤֮ԺʵҲûһʱܿȥͿľˡЦе˵
ԣڿˡ
Ʒɫأĳ˼ţô˵ĻǾͿɵõһ֮󡣶Ҿһ֮ͨ޿ռĿ飬ԺȻҲᱻҲĵĸԼ
뵽ڴˣƷбǿҵս⣬Уҽܿ飡
ǺǣͶˣǹȻû㣬ҪʵʱˡЦоֺհӡ
С˧磬ɱ˵Ŷǽ޿ռ俼Ļǿɾ飬᲻ϧһдɱ㣬Ҫĵ㡣Ȼ޿ռ棬ǶΪģֻĻԷɱǣΪǶǲġȸЦеЯżֺ⣬ԲǿЦġ
Ȼ֧ŵʱ䣬ͨǵĿ顣;޷ȥĻֱ߳ţֻǵõһ֮ٹˡ׻Ļصƺȥ̼Ʒ硣
ȻƷվȻûлȥĵƷɫᶨһֳ𽣣ȵɣ
ǺǣܺãǾͿ鿪ʼ⿼ҲĵʱЦֻЦͻȻתú䡣
Ʒ𽣣˺ˮ⽫Ʒӭһս
𣡡
һŭ֮Ϊ׵ϰͷޣ˵ֱ˹
䣡䣡
һԶŵʹⷺģǵذĳƷӿ
һĹƣʵΪ¡
Ʒ粻ӲڵԪעУһػһʽ򣡡
Ƹ£ƷȴͻȻסˣʹý֮ʱеԪͻȻıˡ
ô£Ʒ羪㵲ѣʵ벻Ϊ޷ʩչˡ
ʱĮͻȻƷĶ𣺡˼˸һǳҵϢ޿ռĿУ㲻ʹûеκνȻҲϰһ޷ʹû𹥻ҲΪ˸õĿʵ
ʲôЦƷкһⶨ¹˱ʾץⲻ
ǵذĹϮƷҲûʱȥˣֻչⲫսˡ
ɱ
Ʒһһ𽣣ԪעڽУȻ޷ʹýеƷ绹ޱȡ
ݣݣ
һһٳȻֻǼ򵥵Ĳټ򵥵ĺᡢնǿᡣ
¡¡
װıը֮죬â䣬ƷĴݻһӭĹŭĳȺ֮УһһնɱЩޡ
һֻһֻƷ罣µľ޽ȥ
ľʵ̫ˣҸ츳ͨѰս֮еƷ磬Ȼÿʱÿ̶˺ЩޣƷҲ˺ۡ
ĴޣȴԹһ㣬ΪȤζЦƷڽ֮
ౣ
һֻڣ棬ƷĺϮȥ
Ʒ֮ոţʹƷС
͵ģƷŭһת忪棬˲ӵڵǰ𽣣׹ʢţŭ
أ
Ʒһݺݵն£նڵϣ޷㼰ʧ
ƷսڵʱһֻƻĻȴѸݵĴһ˫צֱƷǰץ̵Ѫۡ
쵰ƷʹһһǻϻȥǻֱӱƷһƸ˷顣
໣
һֻ޴͵ţȴһ㣬ͦͷϵֻͷǣƷײ
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ֹּսƵƷ緢

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һ죬һƬҽ֮ǻľ޴â֮УȺ˲䱻˺Ϊ˷顣
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εǣΧ޻֮࣬һѪĽƷ磬޵ȺľӰưı鲼ƷĴ
ģôô࣡Ʒ簵һԵսģʽĻƷԶԸޣĴޣ޷ԸȺޣڵԪʵ̫ˡ
𣡡
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ƷЩޣͬʱŭһ
ƷȫЩ޵ǿ̹ǵĳһ㣬ޱȣ飬Щչҵ˺
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սȴȻûֹ֮ͣУһ˫˫аľİΧסƷ硣
Ʒ𽣣һսֻʤɰܣ


1073 
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ƷȺɱоڵƷһֻޣǿޱȣƣնɱŲޡ
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Щޱŭˣǰͺ̵ĳ֮ɫɫʽըıƷϻȥƱҪƷһ㡣
ƷڵԪģȻûнпħΪʱ򣬱Ͼǻû֣ƷевģĪڱĴˡ
ԣδħ֮ǰƷȾЩޡ
Щޣǧ֮ͷƷɱҲֻȥ֮һ֮޾͸ѶԸ
ΪЩ޶ǿǣҹʵ֮仹кԵĵȼޡȴǰսģȻЩʵģԽ棬Ʒ޾ԽԽǿ
ƷڵԪѾĹ룬Ʒڴ඼ȫƾս־սϵԽԽӲء
ƷԲ޿ռ䣬ƷҲҪˡ
͵ģƷֱһǿս־ϵļƷ硣Ʒħһ㣬ɱ֮񣬾顣
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һһûκλεʽȴǽ׺ݣƿգնɱǰһֻһֻޡ
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սݻԽӼңȴǿýζû׼Ҫֵ˼
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ǰҲòˡȸŵƷ˲״е㲻̡
ǺǣǿԸĵ𣿾Ȼ˸ǵȻúúüһǱܣΪܾ˼򵥡ЦǺǵ˵
⻹򵥣ڲԪڵʵѣ޷ʹ޷սʤ޿ռ䡣˵ôãѾ϶Ʒʵ
ҡҡͷ˸žâЦǺǣռʱ򣬱ôﵽԪڵľ磬һȴԪڵľ紳˽ûô򵥰ɡ

׻һֻȻĸо
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ǺǣȻܴ֪δ֣籩¶ʵȻĻܴ󣬵ʱ޷ԸˡЦ
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ҿأ˼ǻԸǡЦе˵ǰλ࿡ɫԽڴˡ
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ǺǣţһǾϲġЦ
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תƷȻԵޱȵĿ࣬սעǳλǰֵˣ
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С˧磬Ȼҵ𶼿ɵסаȸЦ
汯磬û뵽ڲȫ״̬ҵͨЧ׻еΪƣƷʵҲеǳ𾪡
Ѿģһ󣡡Ľе
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ֻЩƷʱȴԵüΪ˳Ʒĳһ㡣
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ǺǣǵˣҲɺų֮𣬶ڵ㣬µ֮Ц
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ллǰָ㣬ƷԺԻúʹ޿ռġƷмǵǰƷûΪǵˣǰΪ
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ΪձаԼսеĵھ졣
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ģҵľġѩ˿һ˿ȥеҰȴһֱûƷ뿪
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壬壬ǧսʿʵǿʷϵĴΪţΪ
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ŵλɭᰣ׵壬ǰʵԸЩ˵ʱҲǷŭһǸ˺Ϊ顣
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ֵܣڸѪħЩĿǰ쳽ϲɫĴЦ
ڿɲǿЦʱЩһﻹûʰءɭ˵ŲԶǰλɱڵˡ
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쳽ǣȴֱ˵㣬ʧȥ֮ǰλ˰ǿߣЩ˸Ͳ˵Ķ֣һ̵˺Ϊ˷顣
ȻλӣʵҲġɭµӣ˵ãµӣӵнղ֮µѪħϣŶ̶ʮӵʱ䣬㽫Щɱڷǵͨͨˡ
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ô˵ҪɱôأЦһյЦݣǡ
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˵ãһ˿ȥ˲۳һ޴Ĺ⻡Ϯ˿ȥ
Сŭһֱʹǿ޼׺䶥ƬĽףǳ֮ħӰ
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һȻ޷Ŀ꣬ԷΪǵġ
񼴿̱㽫֮ס塣

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ǣȫص״̬
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ЩħӰʱһħӰϵЦΪȰľ֮ǰ
˼ˣһħӰ˲תΪʵ壬͵ڳһƣݺݵĶͷԸϻȥ
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һ죬ʹĺһԺиǴʹһƼҪͷǸ飬ڣ˳ȥ

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޴һ֮Ϯȥǣ˲תΪӰǿĹҲ̼ʯ󺣣εִˡ


1081 ǿǿ֮ս
ǿĹ˵ЧģǾͱ׷Ļˡʮ֮Ӱǵǰ֮Ц
ŭѣԸָ˵ĵˣǼֱһĥ
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ޣ˵˵ֳţȤζЦ
ܼ򵥣ղתʵ֮ʱʵʵҲֻܷӵһ롣ȻΪʲôӦǹӰ֮㣬˵ûɣ˵
һ£漴¶˽ЦݣǺǣȻⶼʶˡ˵ȷʵûҵħռʩչӰ֮ͬʱתʵһ̣ΪһЩһδأȷʵֻܷӳһʵ
ѹˡ
˻ȻѹôصһȻҲܱѣ֮ǰֱһƣȻҲֻˣԱ
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Ǻǣȷʵܣܿϧǻ߱ƷСӵĻЩܣǵĻҾ˰ɡΪмЦΪ¶˹Ӱ֮Եûţһƽ
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֮ʱסħӰֻҪһ¶ţչҵĹϮ
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ײȥ͸˳ƬħӰ
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͵ģһֻʮħӰħһ㣬һȵĺӰĴǺĽ̶
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ϾκħǲԶڵģıҲǺܴϵʱԽã߱ԽӵĲǶ
ƺǵ˼ЦǺǣΪҲ֪ʲôʱ𣿷ģ㹻ʱǡҪƷǼһǵĻǲܵģΪҴаʵѲͬλʵǿԺú룬Сӻ᲻ҴĶأ
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𺧣ǵȻ֪λʵжôĿֲԲ٣ǿ֪ƷǵĴҪӵΣա
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˿̣ڷ⣬ҡ
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ǿ͵壬˽˴УλĽʥǿߣŻӻƬĽâӾ˾
ǣ˾ΪսߵĴڣ߱κε˼룬ƴ֮£ŵʧҲǼΪصģϾ˾ɶǾ߱ʥϵʵҴ󲿷ֻʥеĸߵȾ硣
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ԭǿߣԭǼԾԷΪأҪҲΪʱ䣬Ҳǲֹ̫ۡ
һ̣Ǳը֮ɱһƬʱ̶ɼ֫Ѫʬɿյ䣬Ѫɺӣ֫壬˼
ңԶĸ߿֮Уħ֮ƷаѾսʮغϣˣƺûʹȫĲǿ
ͻ֣ͣаƷһߣռһƬأԡ
˶õΪֹˡабаһѿµħ
ߣһΣҾԲٷŹ㣡Ʒս壬ɱˣܱߵ¶ô
Ʒ磬ʱͬգˣңаһһ͵ĶƷһѪɫâ
âȥ֮죬ռ飬ֱƷ硣
Ʒ簵Ϊһаһ֮Ա֮ǰǿʮϣУڽỮӭնȥ
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ǿǿһ֮Уһ춯ذı죬ɫʲһĹâ̼ƬգԭĿռ䣬̼ɾΪһƬĩ
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1082 λʵ
ը֮ѾãһƬףѵĿռ䣬Ŀʼš
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˿̵Ʒ磬ȴǱڽǱ߻һЩѪҲܵһЩơ
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֪аʵ̫ѸˣƷ羪㵵ķ֣ԼǱǹаΧסˣһƬİ޴ڿ֮С
ҵаͦϤ𡣡аֳΣȻƷǰֵȻѾ˽ҵаӦǿʮǲøأ
ǾҪûͣƷһڵɷҵԪ֮Уעϣ۳ȥ
аԭǲмĶƷ֮
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һ죬ƷʹһθֹסѪƷĿڵĵ˳ȥ
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аһտһ׷Ʒǰһϵǵ֮ƣƷͷĳն
ƷѾûκε˼а֮Уа뽣ٶȶΪĿ¡Ʒԥıֻ𽣣ŭļȥ

һǿҵĹ⻪˿
Ʒ֧𽣣պոоǳһɽһ㣬ѹȫ͸ڵԪҲǱǿѹ£עС
аɫ䣬һսѹƷ磬˵ˣ֮Ĳ࣬ԶԽĺ蹵
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أ
ƷͲһ£ֶٶһҵ֮ʹһɾ޴ڣζ˺ѿѪ緭һ㣬ҷڣȻӿУ

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аûоʹ˷ŹƷ磬һ¡
Ʒǿڵʹ࣬ѾûҵԪעУһػһʽ򣡡
һ£Ʒռ֮УȻֳһǿĽ⣬ǿ籩ĺа
а΢һ£ӣ㲻ֹסΣħնӻһ˵ĵסҹ
һ̣ƷӵһߣһƯǰڵԪɷҵ纣˰ӿС
аƳԶеƷ磬Ϊм


1083 ػʽ
ѾãƷѽ֮Уâʢ޵аս
аȻԵѹûƷазϷʰЦ
˵ûõġаָħħһ㡣
аҲԴУۼƷ缴㼱ɱȥ׺һѪɫۡ
Ʒ˫һһϣ
ػʽһ޻ڣ
£缫ķɽаҪٿϼĽ٣Ʒڵǿ֮Ķаȥ

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һ޻ڣ޻ڣͨ׵˵ֻҪǳˣüѪſɻع顣
ݣ
ķɽƳգڳٵĽ£аӵбƷǿʮҲԶ㿪һ
аҲƺ˼ѾӵɽĹ켣еħ̧аħĽǰ
أ
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⣡Ʒ羪㵲ѣû뵽һ޻ǿĽȻûܻа񣬷סˡ
һ޻ڵɲֹˡ
Ʒ˫۽һаħֵ𽣣μһɻ𣬿Ǵﵽɷҵ𼶱Ļ
һΣĹɲ֮ǰһ޻ԵĽ֮УĹҲһεƷаԲ֮ǰǰ׵Ľѹ˻
ǣһƷȴǵ͹аʵû뵽аʵ˿¡
һɷҵ𣬳аڡɷҵ֮˺˵Ļ֮ڻżĴ̼ԡ
аһаѹȻ޷赲סɹ壬ߵ깥ֻϧԶˣ
аɫһ䣬𼴽аһ֮ʱ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ʒ㾪㵵ĸоа֮ӿһεȻʲô𣬵ȴǿ깥ԡ
䣡
εıը֮죬аڱ˳ǿµֱ֮ԭĻ˻ȥޱȣˣơ
а͵̧ͷͫзаѪ⣬ȵ㣡
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һεľ죬Ļ𣬾Ȼаڵ֮ݺݵĺ˳ȥаħбһɿֲаħһֱӽ𽣸˳ȥ
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𽣵ƷҲǸŷ˳ȥҲյ˾ҵ𵴡
ֱƷ絹ɳ֮Զǿסӣջ𽣣ŵĶԶа񣬾Ȼںɷҵ𹥻ĵػʽûܻаֺ
СӣΪ֮˵ڴﵽȾ磬Ѿ깥֮ҲҾˣȻȾʹ깥а˵ΪϣаȷʵǺƷʵ츳ûеõѪħѪħһӶ޷Ʒˡ
ƷĬɫԵޱȵأھȻĻ𹥻ʹˣ͸ȥԸаˡ
˼˻˼ѰԼԪ룺Ҳֻˡ
ƷһԲаԵԽӵĵ⣬Цʼе˰ɡٸһϢҶҴϢǼλѻǸС裬ڿΣڵϦȻҶܲ޴ﵽλ֮ȴѾλĽޣʵҲֻǲһѡ
硭
ƷͻȻɫ㱣Ȼֺݺݵս𽣣ĶС˵С飬ʹһУҪң
ˣǧ򲻿ɣľǽԱǿȥģҪʹһеĻҪĴﵽǸ磬Ȼ˵˺ܴ󣡡Сŵѵ
Ѿûа취ˣұһúõƴһѣҲһʤ㣡Ʒ˵ʱ䲻࣬Ʒ뾡취ȥԸа񣬾ҪۣȻԽȥĻЩ˿ɾԽӵΣա
С龲ĬãЭðɣˣҿ԰㣬ҲΪֵһ£
ллˡƷŭаĮ˵аɸҽһ
һ᲻𣿡амĻصѸоƷʵǴǰǻ˵õĽаҲϲƷ硣
ߣȻԸһΣҾԻɱ㣡ƷһڵԪٶת𣬵ԿħĴ̼ԭռ洢һЩԪƷڵԪǷˮ
ȻƷϣҫĿİ׹⣬ǿϢռ䣬һڲϵţڵĿռ䣬𶯡
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аҲǱһû뵽ͿݽߵƷ磬ȻֱôµϢѾовԼ
а񲻸Ҵ⣬Ʒйν֣аûߡ
ţаҲȫڵаϳȼһа⣬аǿʢޱȣ⻪ſֲϢϵ׳
һһаǿϢռݰ죬ɫʲһǿ⣬µʾĳţ죬ռŤѣƾϢ˵Ŀֲ
һΣаҲȫԸԱλǿʵѹаѾǿһǳǿ˼Ϊµĳ̶ȡ
â֮УƷֽӡŽΪӣֵÿڵԪеÿһϸڣݳ
Ž׼ɣâ֮УȻʵԵ۳һâ֮ռ䶼ſɿµĽ
䣡
аͷųаȻЩǿԵĽˡ
ʲô
а񾪺ѣ֪Ʒʩչ
ߣƾңǲܵģаһаȻ׺Űа纣Хķڡ
Ʒȫ񣬽е˼⽣ϣƮݵӰϵЩâûйԵĴšÿһΧЩâɢĽԽԽǿҲԽӵʵʻ
ճɣƷƽչƮֱӴ˲âаϡ֮ʵʽâںɷҵ𣬻Ķаһ׼ʵ
а㵲ѣɫĲԼѾһµĽΧסˣһſŶħһӣĶԼеȫΪڣҲеΪķŭ
ȣ
аһ𣬺аħ֮Уа֮ǿƹ
Ʒ絶˫һһװıһػʽ򡪡顪һ
䣬ĽâʵʻĴڣһ㣬Яſµľĳа˹ȥ
򽣹һƷʼ򽣹ڿȫͬһεģ򽣹һĶ⼶


1084 ά˿ľ
أأ
âϮݺŰӴаЩâơ
Ʒ磡ֻ㼿𣡡а߾ħΪʧƷټӭϮĽâն¡
䣡
޽֮аȻӿ£ӴľˣֱӽƬĽâݻٴҵĹ⻪ڿռ֮УռѸٵӹѿֲɨܡ
а£ߵ˶ѣ
ɸ˵꣬ڿ֮УٶֳĽâƬƬаȥ
MDаŭһâ֮ͣѾаڵĿռ֮£аֻûӽӭ
ЩâԵ幥ۣرǿа׵ĻȥȺĽâûû˵ģае˼֡
䣡䣡
һһĽâĺа
аŭѣӭȴǲϵرȱˡа˵壬ае鷳ǣ򽣴Ϯ֮УӵƿȨа񣬶޷ѰƷڡ
ȺĽâȻϵĺа񣬺ֹһ㡣
ڣаʵͲ£ŭһ
͵ģаŭһɨȥ޴а⻡̼ݻ˴ƬĽâ
ϧ˸еجΰǣЩȥĽâǳζ֣޷ȫȥĽâǶһ㣬ݵϮ
аŭ죬ڴﵽλ񾳽֮󣬵һ˵ĳԱ񣬶ǻڳƷŭ඼챬ըˡ
ݣݣ
򽣶ϮͬһӴľӣϮ
а޷ҵƷ٣ֻٶ׼Щâȥ
Ͼаɲţûû˵ĹƷ޷ֶá
аһ׼ִֵʱЩϮĽâǹ˲Ϊһ壬ٶγһ޴ޱȵĽâ
γɵĽâֲǼ֮򽣹һıǽĽâڳõ˵ĲʱΪһ壬Ǽα
䣡
ֲĽˣռ䶼ηĲ
аԾĵɴ˫ۣôҲ޷뵽ƷģȻЩâɽѹаʵеη塣
ݣ
޴Ľâ۶ռŤбѣѾƵߵа񣬸޴ӡ
Ǿ޴âĺ֮ͻȻֳƷӰһϷǿҵİ׹⣬ǻµȼһ㣬ǿǾ޴â
аɫԲħа䣬ŭޱȵӭǳϮľ޴â˺ն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬аһնǾ޴âС
̶ǿĽڼײ֮Уγһɿֲıը֮
¡¡
ը֮죬֮ڿ֮У׷ױ飬аµаҲ챼ˡ޴ĳ֮Ĺһ㣬ͳ塣
֮£Ʒѽ𽣣ȥ
аӣȴڲҽûǻҵĹ⻪֮С
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һ죬ҵĹ⻪ѾסеҰ񱩵ݻٰ˷
֮Ȼ䶼ɱľƸòеȺҲˡ
ö𽥵ƽϢ֮е˺ֽзսһš
˿̣ƷɫֵĳȥĻ֮ǰһƬ֮ʱ㵲ѣ
ʱۿɼԭǱĿռ䣬һӴаת֮£ٵľۺϣаȻûȥζһɱа
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֪Ʒص֮У亹λʵǿ˿£Ʒʩչǿ޷ɱа񣬾аûлٵ
ߣ
һӺڿ𣬺лֳаӰ
ֻаԵüΪǱãͷɢȴǹ˶ദ˿ڣƷеοǣղһаҲȫûЧġ
Ʒ磡ְҸŭˣһ£ҲҪѪҪ⣡аʢŭѣǸղӦÿʹѪ֮ȻҪԵƷһϡ
ȻʹѪ֮󣬶ʱаѾ޷ʹѪ֮ˡа˵ѾνˣѲƷʵǴǰˡ
ۼаڵɱƷҲ֪ΪλԵúܴݣֻͻȻƷжһŷӡ
飡аԾѡ
ûһʤĻỹǺܴģƷޱĻصſڱ㽫Ƕ˸УԶе̼ƷڵʼĻָ
ʵƷⶨʹùã޷Ʒ̫ǿҶеҲ޾
սֿʼˡ
а񣬽Ʒ磬λѾﵽ˴½۷弶ǿߣֽŻذļ

ʱڷǵļ˾Ӿ磬ŵҷ˾սҲֻʱԵˡ
ǣڹʥ֮УսɾͲǺڷ˳ˡ
ѪħȺ޵Ĺ͢˲أĦսͷޣѾ˺ۣվ²ټֶˡ
˿ԭΪʥŮʥ֮Уʱ򣬰˿Ҳ̲סʥг˳еķȣʥĹâ˼Ⱥ֮Уǲҵս֮С
߿֮Уά˿භսս磬ȻԷΪսʵ̫ǿˣά˿һ㾳磬Եά˿ռһЩƣսά˿ڵļΪء
ͽѾԶˣսЦǿһſֲħֺݺݵնά˿
ά˿ҧᴽٴγеȣĵĹ⻪ȴȻ޹⣬Ҳά˿һپʮεĵֿˡ
䣡
Եһǿֻά˿е
ͣ
ά˿Ѫֱ˳ȥɫ԰ס
ţսӶӰһʵǵľɽһ㣬ĵά˿ǰֻһά˿˵ͽԶ޷ˣΪҽµ
ά˿սһȴǷڵѾǿСϪѾ޷ֿˡ
ɣά˿ĺ˫ۣٷֻ˫۱ϵһ̣ά˿ԺﾹĪĸֳƷӰ
Ǻǣô㣿ά˿һЦԺеһϤӰά˿ͻȻúܿģҲʹ࣬СӣһҪˡ
սά˿Ѿ˵ֿĿޱȵЦȥɣ
䣡
һն£Ĺ⻷ƺѾά˿ϡ
һ̣ռͣͣ涨
˶ͣս
Ħ٤λ̡еĽڣ̧ͷµħѾʧȥֿά˿д⼸ʹ
ؿڴģĴʹʹൽ˾һ˫˫ӣޱȵȻ
͢ˡ


1085 ǿƷ
Ӵħѹ
һ̣ά˿Ѿķˡ
еĹڿĻҲʹ಻ѡ
ͽҪĴۣȥɣսһųּǿ˼ն
̼䣬ά˿Ӷǿµħ̸סˡ
ά˿ĪƷʱԵޱȵʹ࣬ȵĲʣһεķϧȴֲħά˿޷һ֡
ҲһΣά˿Զʧϡ
ά˿˫֮Уʹۣʹĵǣ͢λҳϵĽڣҲҪԼһͬɥˡ
Բ𡭡ά˿ʹѡ
ݣ
Ӵħ֮УĳѾնά˿
ά˿Ѿȫʧȥ˷֮׸
ۼһҪά˿֮ʱ
ͻȻʱһɫĹӰӶ
Ӱúܿ죬ҲúͻȻ
ȻǵͦεӰ֮Уٶӿһǿҵİ׹⡣׹ޱȵǿʢӿĺˣֱӽܱߵħɢ˿ȥ

˴󾪣ȫ֪׷ʲô飬ͼͻأӿһɶĿİ׹⣬Ȼǿֲħɢ˿ȥ
֮УսҲǴסˡ
Ϊ׹ͷųϢսе˷ǳϤǱܵĶϢо˺¡
䣡
һ˵ıը֮죬ĿǿҵĹâܳɢ˿Բ֮أ졣
䣡
һ죬ǿ͵Ȼ£ԭڹʥмеӰȻµɢ䡣
ֱռ佥ȶҵĹ⻪ɢȥ
˶ԾĿһϵӰ
һλ࿡ɫ꣬ɫĳŹ͢еѩɫŵǣλ꾹Ȼּסսĳ
ûǼסˣһ˫ֽսһȵļסˡ
Ӱ֮ʱ˸Ǿ㵲ѡ
磡磡
˶ŵĵɴ˫ۣΪ絼ʦĹĦǾ˶ȫסˣһЦһ˽ܵЦ
ά˿ҲӾл˫ۣǰЩϤıӰ׺䶥һ㣬ά˿˶״
ά˿ȴ֪Ӱˣ硣
µǣ羹ȻסսһǷǳ𺳵һĻ
ά˿ſ˿ڣȴ֪˵ʲôѾסսһԼά˿־ϲƺҲԵЩʧ䣬ΪԼˣԼҪǰˡ
⡭ôܣ㡭㵽˭սͰ͵˵ֲѣǰλİ꣬ϤϢսо쳣Ŀ־塣
ɱˣɫһս糤˫֣񱩵ӿǿԪڿµĻ𣬽սеĳսӡ
أ
𣬾еս绹δӦ㱻һɾݺݵ˳ȥ
֮Уһɾ
ά˿ȻǾȥ׹¡
ܹս类ˣά˿Ѿˡ׹Ҳ۽ıӰܸоʱά˿˵ϤС
粢׷ս磬ת׹еά˿ǰһıס
һά˿Ͳ¶Ůһ㣬ˮӣȫɵ۵Ľ硣
¿֮Ħǿ羹ȻסǵĽ̻ʣӶˣһǴӰϿմһĻ
ʱ籧ά˿˫۶ӣ¶еЦݣǺǣû°ɡ
ûû¡ά˿סˣЩˣʵ硭㡭ôᡭ
ǺǣҲ硣չһЦ
磿㡭ǣά˿סˣôҲ޷ݴ˿粨顣
ΪҾƷ硣ЦЦά˿˳Ծ֮УԭͷǵɫĳʼȾһƬ֮ɫԭЦҲʼıΣı¶ƷͬӢЦ
Ʒ磡
һĻȫ
ĦǾȫһֱǹĦΪɫѧû뵽羹ȻƷĻʵ̫ˡ
˿ֻҲǵɵúܴڼЦ֮ڰ˿оȻЩ¶ƺʲôطЦһ㣬쳣СƷôά˿ʱĪľ÷ǳڡ
ھά˿Ǿ͸˵Ʒ⸱ϤЦ֮ʱԺһſըը˿һ㣬ʼ޷ǰһĻȻġ
ԣģ
ⲢһΣԺֳӰеϤϢϤůά˿ĽʼĲ
ԭά˿ǲ԰׵ɫһӱúƬϼһ㣬յҫ֮£Եȫһֳ֮
һ̣ά˿úܿ죬ûһĻĳ֡
Ҳ̫жˣҲǱ̼ԭסģά˿ϣۣˮȵģۻ˫Ĳš
Ʒ¶Цݣǻ˵ôʶˣ
㣡ά˿ɫһ£ڻǱƷЦů֪ʱ͵ľȻ˽Ʒ绳ίĿ
û뵽ά˿ȻסƷ磬͢˾㵶ʯˡ
˿ڿһĻʱﾹȻĪĸе˴ʹΪܣֻʹ಻֪Ϊζ
ά˿Ų˵۹⣬ҲֱӽսвһߣƷ绳޺޵Ľе֪֪ҸղžͲˣ
ڲ𡣡Ʒ㶵Ļصоά˿ϵԽԽûˣƷȴ޾ֵܾĺ㣬Ȼս¼ôãҵĵȴް׷ѡ
ʲôңά˿͵Ʒ硣
ʵҵķ壬ҵ廹аҷʵ׶Ըս磬Ψе֧ż֣ҲԸս硣ƷʵĻص
ߣôĵӣȻôã羹Ȼصķ壡ѹ԰˿˿أά˿ߵƺֳԴ׵ζ
ⲻΪ˻͹͢Ʒһơ
Ϊ˻Լά˿һů΢΢һ죬ʵά˿ͦģά˿ǧַ꣬绪ŮҲ׷ģֻ˭ôȥϹ̻أ
ȻȫսĴڡ
սƷ֮־ŭڿƷǹŲԼö챬ˡ
ˣ
սŭһƾˣֱ˸˹
ҵȽһЩ鷳ȥɣȻ˺㡣Ʒ˵һά˿¡
תƷŭս磬ɱˡ
ˣҲȷʵúúˡ


1086 ֮
սƷ磬Ϊ֪Ʒķָ֮ӦڷǱȻкܴĶ벻ƷΪλͻȻ
Ʒ磡ôսʵ
ǺǣаһѾ˵ܲ𣿡ƷЦ
ܣսһаʵǷǳѵҲܸƷ磿
ЩսﾹǿʼԼʵƷֱ
ϻ˵ҪģƷ˫ȭսⰻȻ
սɫһƷ磬оƷ粢ûеǿﲢ𽣣ƻһӱ˹Ʒ磡ٻŪңȻҲ֪ʹʲôڵԲı壡
սܹԼķ壬Ʒһ㶼⣬ûֻҵķ壡Σ
壡սɫһƺ࣬ƷԽԽ׽ˣսſɲͻƷķ塣
ţս𳤽Ȼֻķ壬Ǻҵʱ
ȻڵоԵİգƷɫһ䣬ѾԳ𸮣һһٵ˵޿ռ䣡֣
˵꣬оȻҫһǿҵĹ⻪
͵ģĸоһǿޱȵϢֲͷ˳
𣡺𣡡
һľ죬һ޴ǽг
ʧսڳˣ׵ľסˡ
Ȼ֮У̾һȺδ֪ľޣһ׺ޱȣϵϢѹһ㣬˵ͷ
Щ¿մЩޣЩޣŵò
⣡
ս羪ά˿Ҳ𾪲ѡ
Ȼ֪ƷΪλͻȻ˶ľޣЩɢϢ˵Ŀ£ĹǿϢά˿о˵
׻ȸ䡭еľޣŵΧƷĴһ˫˫ɭӣֱսез
Ʒ縺ֶϷʰЦǺǣôڻҲܴ𣿡
ⲻܣٵģǼٵģǻ󣡡ս翪ʼ״εĴ
ƷСܣѵǷӲɣֳô󣬿ŪϹҵ۾ȸ۷еս˵
ȸԣսӵķΪǰǻ
𣡡
һ𣬹ʥͻȻɳһֻ׹Ӱ
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ʥͳ׺ĳ˺ȺУ˫ֱӽһֻ޴ĺ޸˺Ϊ˷飬һƬѪ¡
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ǺǣʼˡƷһЦ
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һǧޣƷʾ³ڷǣϾڵĺڷҲȷʵҪԮ
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ȺޣںȺѪħСȥ֮һƬѪЩѪħ˸ͲЩ޵Ķ֡
ά˿ǶȫסˣֵһĻѾǳˡ
ƷĴޣȴǶս硣
Ȼ˵ƷӵǿսʵǿӽλʵǵʵҲֻܴﵽԪڣƷһʵҲֻԪڵʵ
ԣҪ˵ԸսĻսûά˿һЩħĻƷӵ޿ռҪԸսҲôס
֮ǰά˿ܹս֧ôãȫƴά˿ǿս־ұսҲȫ֣ΪԶԸά˿ˡ
쵰ɱңûôףսŭһǷҰһ㣬еĳɱ
ͨβ
һββ֮Уǿҵâβ͵һɨȥ
ǿľβսֽն˹ȥ
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սһŭնǾβУβǿӲսҲоЩԡ
βһ𣬾Ǳ˿ȥʵȴǲսĶ֡
ಣ
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׻͵̤ſ죬ŭһͨХѣ
𣡡
һֲľ𣬺ƴƴӰ׻ľӿγһɿεӿռѿ
˵ĺ˵ĶĤѣ˵ڶԵޱȵܡ½ˣµ޺֮
ͨХѣǰٿպļǿ棬ȷʵǿ÷˼
սֱӭеĺĴž޴ѹѪڣǺ죬ޱȵܣ𳤽ӭ
ʱȸһչճ϶ٶӿ۳͵һ
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䣡
ֲһһ˳ǿԽӵǿʢսĻħУơ
սƴֵڵħͷţķգǽԼĻħһһķߣѾս

սУˮֱĺ濾֮£սڵѪҺҲǱôδеķڣоӶ챬ѿһ㣬ʹ಻ѡ
ͻȻսֿ־ĸоԼͷϿ֮ȻıһӰһɿֲѹ
ս̧ͷһ㾪ĿͷϿ֮޴䣬ȫɫ⣬սͷϿ֮

սһƴҪӰ׻ȸںͨĹ뿪
ϧѾˡ
ͨǧ
װӵǿ䣬һֻ޴ĸֶһ㣬ռ䶼׹
Ӱ£оƬ춼һ㡣
ս˫һ죬˾֮£սһ˫Ѫɫӣҫ˹ͫ⣬ޱȵɭ䡣
͵ģսԭĵħȻʼĻָ
ۣ֮
ǳΪʹ֮ٶȿĵ֮ۡ
νۣ֮ǵ֮ۿ̵֮õָĴ۱ǣʩ߽һ꣬׸ħ񡣵֮󣬱Ὣе׸ħ񣬾ˣҲܾʹĥƷǰ˵ʮ˲Ҳǲһ
û뵽Ϊ˻ս羹Ȼ˵֮ۡ
䣡
սȻһɾ޴ħֱӽɢ˿ȥ
ʱǾ޴ӣҲǳĽ
սŭѣֳ𳤽ħģݺݵӭϵȥ
䣡
ֶսĳУٶһӴƲռ˿
սǺ죬ʹȫ֮Ǹѹʮɵľ롣
ĴޣʩչͨȻͽսƵȾ·
ά˿ԣп־еЩδľޡ


1087 ս
䣡
ռҵĲǿӲ޴ѹս硣
սѾʹеĳػѹ
𣡡
һſڱһɫս硣
սɫֱ䣬ǿмǱܣڵħ䣬һųŭĽ˳ȥ
ţɫҲ͵ĳ˹
£սὣ
أ
һ죬ִ֮£ս绹δȫӭǿɫ˳ȥ
㣬ս絹ɳ֮Զſסӡ
쵰ҪɱЩǱսŭе𳤽ħ죬ʱ̼һƬڰ
һػһʽ򣡡
֮£սһ̧ͷƷ粻֪ʱѾӵԼϿ֮УĽâ籩һ㣬ļ¡
ҲƷһʹõǿһСû𽣣ԪҲǲͬѰ
һʹ֮ƷҲĴԪ
أأ
һĽâ£ռҲ˺ѿһѺۣһֻֻһ㣬׶ޱȣѾΧסսڵƬռ䡣
սŭѣŭ֮УеĳӭǲϮµĽâɨһɹɵħӭЩâ
κΣâʵ̫࣬ǿᣬһһĺսȫ͸
֮Ʒ˫ֲϣԪ۳һѾ޴ĳս磬ޱǿİ׹޽նս硣
ս󾪣͵ĳ𳤽նİ׹޽
䣡
Ʋ޾𵴣ǿҵİɫ⻪Ƭء

սʹһ˾ǰ׹޽ѹȥһѪȴ֧ǰ׹޽һɾ͵Ľǰ׹޽𿪡
Ʒ΢û뵽սΪ˶ʹ֮ʵǱ˵ǿᣬ嵽ˣҲô׾ɱս硣
˼ǿʢĹսڵħҲľǣҲٳ֣ʥ֮УеѪħ뺣ޣͲЩ޵Ķ֡Ƭ֮䣬㱻Щ޸׵ˡ
ʱսһƷ磬ٶ׼֮ơ
Ʒɫһ䣬ǰ׹޽ڵԪעС

սŭһˡ
һ̣ɵ۵ǣսҪľٶ֮󣬾Ȼתƴȥ
Ʒһߵӣӵ𣿡
˵գƷս׷˹ȥ
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ۼսҪ뺣
Ȼٽ֮ʱӰԤװ˹űǿһӴɫ⣬ݺݵѹս硣

սɫ䣬ȻûܷӦֻǲִ»˳ǰ
䣡
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Ϭĳֱսǰһ̵Ѫڡ

սҽʹˡ
һ£սǱ׵ıƷˣؿеħʼҵһɿֲħɢ
ҲҪͬھսĿĿЦȻҪ׼Աˡ
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ҲɣλԱɲǺģȥ
ߣûôףսŭһŵŭȥ
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һֻ֣צӰֱ֣ץսؿУצֱ֣סսؿڵħһǿԪע룬͵ѹסս׼Աħ

սͫױȵľ
񣡡
Ʒһֱӽսħе˹ΪƷĵһ壬ҲͬӵƷֱʹս

սУǹѪ֮У˽ĻΪһ߸ɱʬ塣
ţƷ͵һֳΪĽսĸʬء
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Ʒֵܣ
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ƷǿסǿԺ˵֣ûʱˣϣܹңڷǱ⣬㵽
û⣡ţߣˬӦ뺣Żٸڷǡ
ţƷֶ˵λǰԵĻͰˣ
ǺǣڿǵˣȻû⡣Ц
ǱųȺޣƺƵĸ˺ǡ
ڣֻʣά˿Ʒ硣
ȻǰֻƷķ壬ά˿ͬԡ
Ʒά˿һЦǺǣҴӦҵʦһҪúչ㡣
ά˿ͷȣ߽ƷǰЩɬʵҿ𣿡
ǺǣҲֻˡƷ΢΢һЦ˫ۣʼħ֮󣬷ϲƷʵеƷ壬лսʤа
ά˿Ҳ裬ػƷĵһ塣


1088 Ԯ
ڷУɱһƬ
ھʱļ֮˾ʣ٣
ŵʧҲǼΪĲأĦһɰǿߣˡ
Ϊ˰ǿ֮󣬰ĦǱ㿪ʼЭԭλİǿߣȻǿߵĶ֡
𣡡
Ǿ޴ŭһֱӽĦǸƷ˳ȥ
͵ģֿ衣
ԭڵԪأԵֵĻĦǿǵ֡
ԥԭֳֽȥ
ݣ
һԭǿߺնȥ
أ
һ죬Ľֱǿߵǰһ̵Ѫڡ
ԭ֪ǿŸһǿߵؿм̹ȥ
ͣ
ᴩԭȴǾסˣΪеĳǿߵؿпסˡ
ǿ˫۷Ѫ⣬ѪĶǰԭͳһצֱӳԭؿ˹ȥ
飡һ
ԭһֱ˳ȥѪ
Ħȴ󾪣𳤽ȫһǿĽâıǿߡ
ǿߺ޾ɫһ˫һ绬һ㣬ͳֱײĽâԱݻ٣ǿֵĦǵǰ
أأ
һצһצĻĦȰǿȫǶ֣Աء
𣡡
ǿʾԵͷŭţϵƽȻָ
ʵ˵ʵĻԭǿҲǲ£ϰĦǵЭǿӦòǶֲǡǿȴӵŸڵҲĴ͸ԭǼ鷳Ҫȫǿ߳״ݻ٣ԭ˵ǲܵġ
ô죿еֳǿʵִĹҲûˣǰӵнղ֮Ҳ֧ȥˡ
ô죡ϱϣɭ޽е
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λһӾӢֻӽȥ
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֮͸վǿ߶оʹֱ࣬С
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һ죬һҵĹƹȥǿߵϱը˿
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ĦǣҲǽǱըеĻ
⻪ɢȥ֮ʱԭǱ㾪㵵Ŀǿ߾Ȼûֻʣһͷ­ͷ­ȻãŹѪӣĶԭ
ܣԭһ
һͷ­ͻȻſڣһ
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һ춯ذĺ֮һɿֲƺƵĳԭǡ
ԭǵӭȴݺݵƷ˳ȥڼеȺҲųɢ
ţǽʣһͷ­ǿߣϷаĹ⻷ŵǣȻ壬ֱӴͷ­·쳤˳

ԭȻȻһͷ­ܸ壬ѵó׵Ļȥɱǿ
ֻϧԭĿ쾡ѾȥԸǿˣǿ֮ʵȻ
ԭеȺǿߵĸҲ˾Σû˭ܳԽǿߵʵߣǵüԵǿߵ
ϧһǾͿɱˡǿ߾Ȼ˵ˣԵüΪɳơ
㡭ô˵ԭʣϾôãû˵
֮ǰǲ˵ղһɱң㻽ҳ˯Ѿõʶǿ߻ص
Ħʵ
ĴϣǿҡҡͷȻҲ֪ʲôΪܹڱܵ־ڸң˶
˵꣬ǿ߱˫ۣȫа
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ֲ֣ѹ˵ͷ
ԭȼȲʣ֪У׼ֵ¿մЩŵȺȴǴľھʵǿԭǿߵĶ֣˭ܵסǿߵĻ𹥻
Ȼʱ
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ɫ䣬Ӧ˵ǿ־塣
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ɼԶ֮һȺӰǧ麬ϢΪֲǶѾﵽ񾳡
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ǿݣֱѵ˶ˣһλʥǿߣֱӱݸˡ
ÿֲ
־֮ɫ涼ȻձüΪѹ֣еǿҲͣסˣǾֵǳȺľ
ǵлѣ
֪ǣֲݣֱӴݻһС
ȻԲǻ˵Ϣֱ˲
𣡡
𾪰ձɫ
ȥһֻֻδ֪ľޡ
ޣޣ
˿־岻ѣһϢǳԽ˷˵ĽޡֱһجΣ½֮УôͻȻðǧֻޣ
ţȺľޣſֲϢͳȺ֮С
ԭеˣѾ׷ױ˫ۣȴ١
䣡
һŭ֮۶ԸоǹɿֲϢȺҲ׷ױˡ
ֱͣ
γһ㣬ԭǻ˫ۣ˴㵵ǣǾȻû

жֱȫǾȻš
չȥ
֮ĴΪףȺδ֪ľޣ̾ڿգк뺣ţ
ԭǿЩˣȴȫʧˡ
ô£
˾ѣĿǰȺľޣһ⡣ֵþϲǣ˾Ѿױˡ
Ȼδ֪֮ʱ˭ҲҳһվԭزŭЩޡ


1089 С֮
˿̣ڷϣ̾ǧľޡ
ڴˣ˸ҷκεĶ
ʱվ˳оԭǵĿ־壬ѺõЦǺǣλģǺҲƷѡ
ѣ
һò
⻰ҲһҪǵˣ˿ɶˡ
ǣԭɫһǣȴֲ֮ӡ
ǺǣƷǵˡЦ
ˣ
˸оԴѾЩεģ⻰ʵ̫ˡ
ǵģǶǡ׻ֵ
ǣ
˾һƬǧֻޣȻƷĳޡ
ڿɲ˵Щʱ򣬿鷳ͦġͷɫصиռݵռ䣬Ʒǿǻ档
Ҫǻָȫ壬Щѵǣ׻ߵ
ְɣˡ˵
ǵ˵ͷʾֿ׼Ͽմռչ
ʱֶɵеԭ˵λ鷳˿һЩȻǵĻӰ쵽ǡ
ԭĻ˵ʲô׷ȥ
̣˺ꪣһ֣ͬ
£Ժţ׻ǧޣħħӰռ䣬ȸޣȴǳаа
ŭն
ŭһеĺꪣ̽ԵĳħӰռն˹ȥ
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ǿĺꪣնħӰռУٶ𵴳һɿ񾢵ˣħӰռȴ˿
ǿѣȻꪶ޷ħռ䡣
ǿҲƣһ׻ųȺޣħӰռײȥ
䣡
ȺޣɶǴﵽ񼶱ʵֲײȥħӰռҵĲ
뺣żƴϲǣһͬȫħӰռ䡣
һȸǣҲչ˶аĿռ䣬࣬һһ͵ĳаײš
䣡䣡
һľ죬еıըײӿľˣƬǷ׷׹ѿ
ڷǣѳܲסĳˡ
ңȺѳ˺ڷǣȻ֮ˡ
Ⱥֲѣ˱Ƶһˡ˵֮½һһҲſ־
ô£ħӰռУɫодһǿޱȵڷײԼħռ䡣
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أأ
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һϲ
񣡿ԮˣħҲ֧Ų˶ˣĴЦ
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һǻǧӰΪ˶ԸǣҲƴˡ
Сģص˵Ѿãٳ޷ڵҲ˴룬ƴĻǵĴǷǳΣա
ϾħӰռҪ类ȥĻҪһʱ䡣
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ȺĹӰЦĳǵ
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䣡䣡
һľ죬չҹȻ˿ˡ
ȴֹͣӰкš
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ǺᣬչŷĹ֮ԽԽǿħռҲʼһЩѺۡ
ˣͿˣ
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ͻȻ
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أ
ֱһƽݺݵĻ
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˾һ
СӣȹܺԼɣһЦһǿƾŷ˵ؿһĹȥ

ʹһҲ˳ȥ
û뵽ĹƾͻȻǿͣʹʲôˡ
ûȷʵʹһЩħһΪǿħӰеʵԭΪǿԺǵģû뵽ħռ澹Ȼ⵽˿µĹħռѾ֧Ų˶ãΪ˲׷ѣҲɱˡ
ʱ뷲һӱ㱻ˣѾݻԭõķơ
飡
һ죬ʵԽѳֲסֱ
ԭܴܲƾˡ
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һΪʱޡӰǵĴǲ֪ڣֻûҵչ
أ
һֱӴͷ­ϣʹһѪɡ֮УʵǿȻȡĿ
˵ȴŭѣֱֱ˹ȥ
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ϣ
ɫ䣬˹ȥס˻һϢ
ãֱһ̣ٶʵڷ˵ǰ˫ſֲħȻ˷ǡ
˸ûκεԥֱӽ˫ƣħӿֱӭҹ
䣡
һ죬ռҵ𶯣ܵȫпѪֱˣּĻ˳ȥ
ٶħӰʵ֣ӵ˷ǵǰ̧аƣ˵úȥɣûܾȵǣ
зžʵ̫Զˡ
ͻȻ
һ֮űɢһǿޱȵϢ񱩵̼ռ֮С
ʲô
ת㿴֮СϾȻ˸ǿҵĽââеڡ
Ա񾪺ĵɴ˫ۡ
ɫһŽâСǾǿľӰ˫۷˳Ѫ˿Ľе
󣡿֣ͣŭٵǽâȥ
ʱСڽâ֮Уͫзʹ⣬ˣԲҲ˺ѡ
䣡
â䣬һɻСǽɫкȻը˿
䣡
˰ıըֲ֮֮ŰܣռȻ׷ѣɫĿռ䣬ֱӱСԱ֮һƬƬ˺
â֮£ȴǱһŽɫʵʵĻסû뵽һ̣֮ǰСûǹҪǡ


1090 
ͷСԱȡǵ
䣡
â䣬
ǱɫŸţ˳ȥ
û뵽ħռᱬըǹɱըҪħռ䣬ֻǲЩӰ죬޴󰭡
ʱ뺣ŵס˻е뷲ˣҲˣѵʶ
ֵܡ
˫Ŀ죬ŭѣʧʹްǻҵне֣ɱǼһ
ɱңô𣿡ӵĹ⻪֮УֳӰһĵŭû뵽Լħռ侹Ȼˡ
𣿡һָźꪡ
ȻҵĶ֡ûиоƷϢĵִ
֪Ҳúÿڵľ
ʲô˵ţͻȻЦӲסˡ
պգܴΧһ޴Ӱһ˫˫СĸɫĶԼ

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ҲסˣгƬľӰʵ֣⡭⵽ô£
ǺǣкϷˡϷʰЦ
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ܣģ󣬿϶ǻ󣡡ɫţû뵽ħһƣ㿴ȺްΧסԼжѹ
ţúչλֵܡе뷲˽˺ŵűսꪣȥǰ
Ѿˣһеĺ
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䣡䣡
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ڣʩչͨһɹɾ޴ӭа
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ಡһ
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𣡡
׻ŭһ̤žֱӳͷ̤ȥ

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أһ
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Զ⣬ĴȻ⵽ǿҵĹ
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һı죬ȫǱ˵һĻţȺľ޺Ĺֵѣ˵Ƿ
ݣ
ͻأһ֮죬ХƿնȺ֮УͻȻֽźꪳŻն
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һ죬еĺꪾǺݺݵնϡ
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֮𣬽ձѪծѪһ͵ٶʹĽʹеѹȥ
ʹֱУǿҵĹѾʼѣвϵѪ֮ģȺ֮УټӵꪵĺǶ֣һַûС
¿ԶǱ˴ˬͬʱҲòʵȻܹ֧֮ãҲѹǻʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ҵĹʩչѪ֮ԣҾԣаֵܣҲаߡ
䣡䣡
һһǿṥĺ
񱻺ĺꪸļţʹ֣ʹ
ͻȻ
ݣһ
ŭźꪳ紦˺ֱӽ۸նѪ罦

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𣡡
ȴ׺ޣ͵ֳɱȥһצһצϵĹ
ȫЩ޸ΧסһֻֻצӿץϵѪһƬһƬı˺ȫһѪˡ
ò˵һĻʵ̫ˣڼʧȥ֮񣬸оǳΪЩ޵ʳСӣֵܵס
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Ȼ˵˵ˣҲԲǺù磡ԲסˣҲֻܰ㵽ˣЩ󣡾һͬɥɣ
Цһ֮ǱһŶʱըһ㣬һɿֲаѹ׼ױ
ãԱɫ䡣
¿֮Ҳɫ䣬֮⣬ʵԱĻⷽԲǿ֮⣬еﶼ⵽׵Ļ
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ϾЩޣֻе֮壬˵Ƕǲģֻǵʧһʱſ塣
ԣЩȴⳡΣʺϲˡ
䣡
һ޴죬ӱԱ˿ȻЩ֮С
䣡
һҪƬձЩȥޣǿֲıը֮У׷׻Ϊ˷ĩʹЩ赲Ա֮ǲ˻˵Ŀ£Ҳñˡ
֮⻪ɢֻʣȸЩȻµĹаƺͬĻȥرķӦ
ڿ޵ȥʹѣ׷׺ݺݵĽ˫ȭû뵽Ϊɱһ񣬾Ȼ˲صĴۡ
Ǻǣǲصģǲȥ׻ͻȻ֣һΪȻӣڸղŵ赲Ա֮У׻ѳ˿
ûȥ˾㵲ѣ⡣
ƷԺǽ͵ġ˵
ҲͲһˣսҲӦþʹ˽ˡϿна򣬺ݺݵս˺ꪡ


1091 
䣡䣡
һҹѾʼаչ˹
аʵĴﵽλ֮µаɱħӰħռҪǿʮ
ȫĹãаһЩѺۡ
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ಡһ
Ʒ类˳ȥѪս䡣
ɣסӣʱƷѾشڵҲ޸ƷƣϾǣƷھѾĴˡ
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ʲôƷǲʡ
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Ʒȴʱ򣬱ıըֱ֮ӱ˳ȥ


1092 ԭ֮
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Ʒȫ鶯֮УԭŵȻֳ˵Ķԡ
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1094 й
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Ʒ۳ŭһҾԲôɣһ֪ʲô
͵ģƷкݺݵһʹһĶ֮졣

аҽһӱһ㣬ȴƷĿţȻһ˿ûС
֮ǰаƷЩһƴаѾȥ˴ѾȫƷĶ֡
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ƷǹȵӰֲ֪ʱѾӵаʹ࣬ڲʽʼ
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ûһһֿܣǱҲԪ֮ǰ˱ƽ˵ݲڵ۶Ŵ֮ʣűⱰɵļһóˣƷݺݵ˵
Ҳݲ˵½ܷߣ˵ʵ֮ϵĻȫԲݡʧʱӦõֻᣬΪֻأά˿˵
Ҳ֪Ʒҡҡͷ˵ллҹһ˺úþȻȥɡ
ȥά˿ȻƷ磬ڿʧ㲻뿪ңα㣡
ңƷһЦû뵽ԼȻ䵽³вԳ𸮣˵Ȼȫʧ𸮵ڣӦܹ˰ɡ
ɡά˿һԸӣʵҲǲ뿪Ʒ硣
ĺһ˺úþƷ˵дżֿ
ǺðɣҪúչԼά˿ֻЭˣ˼Ʒ磬ѱʧڿա
ֻǣά˿뿪ȻڼĸʱƷκζ
ڼ䣬ά˿ҲƷѵϢǡ
յƷѵϢΪϲϽٸϻڼ壬ƷʱȴǱƷĸ˳ȥ˭һŲ
֮£Ҳֻðڼĸ
ϾڵƷ˵ǿٵĻǷǳΣյġ
ƷȻʧȥеҲǼǸӦά˿ǵİдڣƷҲŲ²⵽ˡ
ƷҲ޽ڣһ˾ĶڷɫȻǴ㵵ľżһ㣬ûκεĸɫʡ
ʱ䣬ֹ˺ü졣
ڼ䣬ЩͲסҪڼȰƷ磬ƷֱԺ˳ȥ
ö֮ҲˣȥƷ硣ֻΪ˴½еά˿ǱƷ硣
أʱƷʹ࣬Ӱɡ
ҹȻ١
ػĵ۶һƬ֮
źǣټڼȴԵñ侲۶ЩֻڵȺԶ뵽ڼﻹ羴ڴˡ
ʱƷȻվߵ˴̨֮ǰҹɫɫޱȵʹࡣ
֪ʱƷжһľӣɫҫŷŹĹ⣬Ըо⾵гһɺǿµ֮
ûƷԭõĻ꾵
Ļ꾵ˣһλĻδ֪ǿߣƷܲµģǵʧ٣ܿĻ꾵йء
û뵽Ļ꾵ȻƷ˲صĴۡ
Ļ꾵Ʒ޷ӳԼݵľӣƷԿĻ꾵һųªףڶԼЦ
ݺݵģƷսĻ꾵Ҳǲ㣬кĿģҵܵκε˺ҾԲŹ㣡
ǴҹʼƷ翪ʼתˡ
˺Ʒ㿪ʼŬޡ
ʧƷԲܽʮķϹȥ

µһ쿪ʼƷԺǿ̹ǵĳޣƴ
ά˿֪ƷѾҲΪģΪ˷ֹԳֵǿУά˿ҲŬޡ
ӣһĹȥ
𸮵ʱռƷӵžԵʱ
ȫʧζƷһнҪ¿ʼǼ뷳ģû뵽ʧȥе֮󣬾Ӧе츳Ҳʧȥˡ
ⲢҪ㹻ʱƷĿޣҲԲ˷κһֵʱ䡣
һ㡢Ĳ㡭һֱʮ㣬ȻԪתͻƳ
ⳤõʱƷӵ츳һֱӲǿ޵Ԫ֮
ﵽԪ֮Ʒ粢㣬ȻڷΪУִǾǱǿϵıǿıǿΨбǿȥԼߵˡ
ս屶ʼս
ͻƣûرĻεսгɳֵħս֮£ſɵõͻơ
ԼˣƷֻҪԼȥĸףʧȥټ뺢ǣԼˣƷ綼ǿļվ
屶ʮʮ屶񡭡
ȵսսսƷٶȳɳԭʧȥҲʱԼŬĿޣʼ𽥵Ļָ
ڣꡣ
ʱ䣬һʱԵķԾƷӲָڵȹ̵Ԫڵľ磬ǽпħĻƷֱӽԪ۳ɵﵽԪڵʵ
Ʒ粢֪㣬Ϊ֪ԼԵĵжôǿرٻʱ䣬Ŭʹÿħ״̬ҲܴﵽԪڵľ硣
һʵķԾ
ޣҵĿޣƷڼ׷󾳽۷С


1099 ǿƳ
ʮĹݼš
ʮ½֮УҲǷ췭ظı仯
½֮У֮ƣʵǿα۹Ϊ۹۹ַһԵȡūƶȣΪūΥġ
쳽쵼£Ǵ½еĵһǿŨɽٸǣռݵķΧ㣬ƿ˴Ĵ½
ͬˣҲǼΪеģƽͥҲܵõ۹رһ֮쵼öҡöҵļֵһƽͥһ±
ڴ½֮УԽһϵĵ񣬶񣬱½Ʒ֮ģǳΪݶܶż
֮⣬ʮʱҲûֹͣ
ʮʱ䣬˵Ŀ֮£˼ĳɹڳɹͻƵλ׵ľ磬֮Դﵽλн׵ʵȴǴλףֱͻƵλн׵ʵ֮ԿֲĴﵽλ߽׵ʵ
ԴˣʵѾﵽλסĦԭǿߣҲɹͻƵλ׵ʵ
ά˿ʵҲʮͻƵλн׵ʵ
ʮʱ䲻Ҳ̣ûرĻ£ͻһ׵ľѾǲˡ
ֻϧǣڼ˵ʧȻ޷ջ񣬴½ҲһƬǿ
۹۶֮С
ڼ壬ȻһˣҲǳΪ۹еĽأ½ĽأһЩر˿Խ֮⣬κν붼⵽Ĵ
ڼ֮⣬࣬ÿ˾ڼʱ򣬶᲻ϼۣϴޱȵľ⣬Ϊԭĵط
ȻЩ˾Բ֪½𾴵ʮһֱڼ֮Уֻû¶棬ЩܵѣҲûмƷ硣
ʮ֮ڣѾ
һ죬޲Ʒĳ֡
ʱ𸮣ռС
䣡䣡
һ޴֮죬ȵӰϵĴţʱ̶ǿҵ֮졣
ӰȻƷ硣
ȻǾռ䣬ƷսıǿġԼ
սңƷ粢ûʹ𽣣ȫƴս
أ
һ죬Ʒֱ֮˳ȥ
Ʒݺݵıҵ˱ߴϲѪǰġԼƷ˷ܵЦǺǣʮ屶ľ񣬹Ȼǲܣ
ʮ屶ľڸԶԶǿƷ磬Ʒܹ֧ŵѾǲˡ֪ڲ£ƷľѾﵽԪڣǾǿƷ籾ʮ屶ǾԪڵʵҲѹƷս˳ˡ

Ʒһֳȥ
͵ģƷֱһȭǾؿкȥ
ǾķӦٶȾˣɶܹƷһȭӵƷһȭƷĺȥ
Ʒ΢͵һתӭһơ
䣡
ȭƴһɾ˵ıը֮죬ŤĿռ֮УƷǾԱ˳ȥ
ȻƷıֱӱƵ˿ռĽߣǾҲʮ֮ԶһȶסΡ
ǿƷ簵Ҳֻսʮ屶ļޣǿһƷ綼֧Ųˡ
ˣվ͵ΪֹˡƷЩƣ۵ЦЦ㳷˾ռ䣬ʱռ
ʮʱƷ϶Ǵھռʱռ֮ЧΪԡû뵽ʵָ֮Ʒһʱȹ̵Ԫڵľ磬λ׵ľ磬Ʒʱ䣬ſޣѾҪͻƵԪڵľ硣
ʱռһλ࿡ε꣬ԼĪʮ¡
ʷǱѰֳȻװĸоòΪ죬һԽɫĳһͷƽɫĶ̷ļݰ׾ĹһԵú׳ʵ
ʱλ꣬ϥޡ
СƷЦ
㻺˫ۣƷ㻶ϲЦˡ
λ꣬ҲǸ֮С
ʮʱСǳɹˣһﵽλн׵ʵ廯֮󣬿Դﵽλ߽׵ʵֵǣСڿԱ仯״̬ˣֻǲ̫ȫı仯״̬Ѿǲˡ
ƷǰСõ˵˵˼ˣԺˣͿˡ
֪ˣԺͽ硣СͷЦ˵СʵҲһδµĺͯ
ˣƷһûӡ
硭С˵
⻰ƷŸе⣬̾û뵽ʮʱôͿˣҲҪˡ
ǰʵ̫ˣҶסˡС˵Ʒ׼ҪأСԵñ˷ܡ
Ҳ׼Ҫͻˣһ꣬ȳ֮Ӧþͻһ׵ľ硣Ʒ˵ʮƷһֱûǹޣƷŻеҪԼʵ
󡭡磬ȻҪĻǲȳȥɡСЦе˵
УȥٺúƷСŲСһɬı飬ֱӽСӵռУŶʮľս
С뿪ʱռ֮Ʒ㿪ʼʱռ
漴Ʒϥһϲķ֣еԪ׳ʵ˼֣ѾҪﵽĴСֻҪһʱ侲ޣͻƵһ׶εľ硣
˵սƷ缫洦ÿս꾵֮ƷھתԪԽԽ࣬ƷὫԪŨڵ֮У׳ʵԪеԪ
ԪھħڵħȻֻһССĵ壬̺Ԫǳǿ¡ҲƷ̵ףΪεܸаˣԽλʵ֮ȫڲͬȼĲΣʵ̫Զˡ
ʱռƷ缫ռ䣬ʱǷǳԣġ
һʱ䣬Ʒ綼ڵԪϵѹԪ֮С
ʱƣƷ絤еԪÿһ̶ڼ΢׳ʵš
ڣһ֮Ʒ絤еԪ㷭һĴС
ʱƷ֮С
ͻȻƷ͵˫ֱۣ˵Ĺâ
ͻˣƷЦһˡ
һ̣֮УԭһƬ֮ʣһʱա
Ȼ
֮УӿһɼΪµϢ
ʲô
ɫ䣬½˶оͻǿѹ
ǿ
֮УǷ׷׾㵲ѡ
ѭϢӦȥȻڼϿ֮С
£ǿߣ̳أ̸ڼ塣
ΪϢϤ˼
䣡
һǿҵİɫֱ
۶֮У˶ĿŵһĻ
ȻչȥֳһޱȵӰ
Ʒڿգޱ飬˫ȴ˸ĵĹâʱ̶ɢһضηǿϢ
񣡡
ͻȻȺ֮Уһ˾
ţ˱㼤ϵķ׷׹һӰ֮µĤݡ
һ̣ʵ̫˼ˣΥʮ꣬ڿӰ
𣡡
ƷͷХѹʮŭкХ䴫½ԡһ㣬֮Ʒ磬ñǰӵǿ
Ԫڣħܹ֮ﵽԪڵʵȾ磬ǽ֮أƷҲһλʵ׵ǿߡ


1100 ά˿
ƷǿƳأǿƣƺδ֪ǿʾš
¿֮УĤŴƬȺһɫԵΪĳ羴
ಣ
Զ֮űһɹǿϢűֳһӰ
ЩӰ˼֣û뵽½еǿߣһͬ۹۶Ͽ֮
Ʒֵܣ

ӭģĦȼλϣбɫһӡ
ά˿ҲǼΪϲĸ˹ȫ±仯Ʒ磬ѣ۽ĶƷ粻š
ƷֵܣˣʮĵǶǶģû뵽һʵñǰǿˣϲĴЦԽӿ͸ƷʵֻǿԸоƷʵֲܿ
Ǻǣ磬ǵʵҲеǿࡣ˴γܹڵǣҲǺܸˡƷЦԴͻƵԪ֮ƷľΪҲ࣬ٲὫԵı¶
Ʒ磬ʮûðɣά˿ʵҲά˿һεƷܵʺ
áƷЦЦǺǣ˵ɲ̫㣬ǲҸطú̸۾۰ɡ
˵˵ͷʾͬ
Ȼ֮䣬ԭŵһӰ̼ʧ֮С
¿֮˲Щʧ뵽Ȼ˽ӽĿλ紫˵ǿߣҲ㡣
Բ²ǣʧ֮ƷǣȻڼ֮С
ڼ壬´
ȻڼѾˣÿһʱ䣬۹رǲһЩȥڼڼÿһطǺܸɾġ
ʱƷѾ´֮УŽգ֪ǻ
ƷϸŰĦǽʮ½еı仯ЩƷ⣬ֻϧźǣڼʧ֮գһ
ãƷ˵˵δ֪ǿӦѲ½ˡ
Ʒ磬˼ǣɵʵ
ѾŲ²⵽ˣкܾ֮ܿеǿߡƷ˫һȭͷҲ߬úܽ
⻰˲е⣬ˣҲܲ²⵽֮Ǽϼһˡ
ʲôʼ֮أʵ
ѾƻһУվǰ֮ذɣڽ֮صѡѾˣֻԸԸҹȥѡƷ˵
Ʒֵܣʲô֮ʲôطǿǸˣ˵
ǶܶߵģҲ׷ӣĦɫᶨĸ˵ڳˣԿ϶̬ȡ
ЩƷаж˵½֮УҲմڳΣԱһЩˣԷһ

˲һ㶣˼ȻǶƷȥ֮ء
ɣƷ绷һۣĦҲͷ½еԼ
˶٣Ʒŵ쳽˵ϣҪ鷳ˡ쳽Ǿɡ
£ҲΥƷ˼ֻԵЩźĵͷӦǣϷɡ
ѵһʲô𣿡쳽ͻȻЩԽܡ
Ǻǣ쳽ɫĵ֮һĲܣҲҪĲܣѵԭ𣿡Ʒ΢΢һЦ
쳽Ĭ˼Ѱ˻Բ̫ˣһѭ˼úù
Ҳͷˡʵ֮ص鷳ˣǴһǻһġƷЦ
ˣǽҴһλаʹˡ쳽ֵ
ǺǣһλĽʿԵĻҵϣܳΪҵĵӡƷ΢΢һЦںڷһλرĽʿƷġ
쳽һ£ɫȻصҪʧˣϴεս֮УλаʹѾսˡ
Ʒɫһ£̾컯Ū˰ףһֵܹ֮ģҲǡ
Ҳк棬û뵽Ʒһλ۵Ľʿ˿أҲû˵ʲô
˶٣Ʒ˵ˣԸĻȥһ֮ذɡ
岻ݴǣԥӦ
ƷֵܣҿǲˣЦǺǵ˵аĦҲһΪڵõƷеѡ
תۣƷɫδ̬ά˿Цʣ˼أ
мҪ飬ԵĻϣȥһ˹͢㵥ú̸̸ά˿صƺԵЩʧӡ
ޣƷά˿漴ֶ˵ϾǴ˴һв֪ܹٻλûʲôµĻȸԻȥ׼ɣǱ̡
ǣ
Ӧ
ƷȻǸά˿ǰ͢
һ·ϣά˿Ʒ綼ĬԿǣά˿ºأƷҲ
ֱƷά˿˹͢
ʥأʮҲǷչúܺã͢еҲ࣬Ľ͢ƶҲиĸΪĵȥ츣½
ʥ֮УΨƷά˿
ά˿Ʒ磬ãԵù졣
Ʒ̲סˣʵʲô£˵ɡ
תά˿۲Ʒ˵Բ𣬿Ҳȥ֮ˡ
Ǻǣûϵ͢ҲҪ㡣ƷЦź
Ҳͬ뿪͢ά˿ҡҡͷ
ΪʲôƷ羪㵵ʵ
ãά˿ͻȻΪ˵ȥ硣
ʲô磡ά˿֪˵ʲôѾ˹磬ȥ粻ȥ𣿡Ʒ缤Ľе
ôڹ𣿡ά˿ЦʣֻԵЩɬ
ҡƷȻҲ֪ΪԼ˵ά˿֮ƷͲϣά˿ȥ硣
ǺǣΪ㣬ʮ֮ǰѾȥˡҲΪҸ׵飬ϣ⡣ǱѹĻսǵϢ޴磬㲻صģҵҲܵκε˺ά˿ЦƷƺԼά˿Ҳˡ
Ʒ˼˻ʣͨͨѾôȥ
Ѿӵ˽ʸֻҪȥȥά˿ص
ʲôʱ뿪
ڡ
ڣƷȻͻȻЩڣֻû뵽֮ô졣
ά˿˵ͷ˵ˣ֮ǰҵøһ£ϣԭҡ
˵ɡƷ
Ȼʵ㣬һϲ˿ɣά˿˵Щˡ
ǵġƷʵĻص
ʵ˿ʱǽȡһĨȥеļ䣬֪һλ񶾵Ů˰ɡά˿ɫȻ˵
ЩҶŲ²⵽ˣΪʱͬڲ㡣Ʒ˵
ллά˿͸ذЦ
а취˿ָ𣿡Ʒʡ
ܡά˿ҡҡͷһϣܹȥ֮أѾ˵Щѣġָİ취°㡣
ҲȥôΣյĵطƷ˵
ǺǣԷģʮѾУҲѴﵽ񾳣Ϊ׸ҲΪģҲΪɡά˿ЦֻЦúܾġ
лл㣬ԵĻϣƷƺмϣ
ά˿һ̲ס˽ƷĻǿеĲʹ࣬һЦһ𣿡
ƷͷûκεԥᲽǰıסά˿
ά˿һƷؿڣ㣬ƺ㣬ЦȻ棬û뵽ŮˣȻ㶯ˣһرˡ
ƷסˣδӦǰά˿֧һ㣬ӿʼΪһƬ㣬ֻ𽥱ģЦݣȻڡ
ƷһʹҪȥסά˿
һ죬տҲ
Ʒ磬һסġϤޱȵĻƷĶߡ
ţ׹ɢȥžӨˮĵƷС
ͻȻʧȥĶһ㣬Ʒãһ㾲еˮůů


1101 ֮
ά˿ˣһɢˡ
û뵽ά˿뿪֮ƷҲʹѵҲİά˿
ȻƷҲ˰˿
ֻǣ˿Ʒ粢޺ɫƷ̬ȶԵġά˿֮ǰ˵һЩԼʧ֮£˵ֻиƷҵ𰸡
ԣ֮£˿ֻѡƷ硣
ʥܣƷ罫˹͢ƷҲر𽫵˹͢һǷֹ½гһЩ䣬Ϊ¶ʥܡ
ѵһ죬ǹȥˡ
½еһЩҲȥ
յ峿ں֮ߡ
ʱ֮УӰ
Ϊ׵ıƷ밬˿ֻʱ̱һľ롣˺ˡĦϳɭ޵ʮλﵽʵİӣƷɭᰣҲ˴½С
ٺ٣֮أǸط˸еѪڡ˷ܵЦ
Сֵܣ֮ؿɲʲôĵطʱɱƷֵܻ㰡Ȥ
ҿɲʧˡһĥȭưӡ
Ǻǣǵ鶼͸ǽһλرѰɡƷͻȻذЦ
ѣɻѡ
˵꣬һԵЩʧǶҸˡ
䣬һλɫ̷İͻȻƾն
ǰλ꣬ǱϵĹɫƺЩϤ֮⣬ǰͻȻֵĽȫȻ֪
˼ܣĶǽʵС
¶ˣǽЦǱ仯֮Сˡ
⻰˽һӡ
üһ벻Ҳܱ仯״̬ˡЦ
ʵǣһ㵵ӡ
ȻǿҪСˣҵʵҲǶǿŶСЦҲһλͯ档
ˣͱţˣɶýءƷ۵еС
ǣǿǶǴ磡Сһ˵ǵ˹Ц
ͻȻƺ뵽ʲôƷʵˣ㲻Ǽά˿ô˵
Ҳ棬Դά˿˵ӹϵ֮ǵȻǺϣά˿ܹŴҽ֮ء
Ѿ뿪ˣȥ硣Ʒص
ʲôȥ磿˴󾪣ǲ⡣
İɣ½Ϣ޴磬Ӧò¡ϾĻԺҲǱصȥһ˵ġƷ˵
ǺǣҲǡЦЦ
ι˵û˰ɣһǰ˿Ҳﵽλ׵ľ硣
˲ˬҲ֪ڰ˿һЩ飬Ҳû˵ʲôֻǺܲöѡ
Ǻǣ֮صĵطǿɲ˽⣬ȺǱߡƷЩΰЦϾ֪֮ڵĽ˹Ѿսˣֻú·ˡ
ޡ˿򵥵Ӧ㲻ٴƷ硣
˽һֲ˵ʲô
ȴã
Ȼ֮Уʼһ͵ĺˡ
֮У漴˺ǳʵЦ˼øλõˣ
󣬺֮ϣֳ˺뺣ŵӰ
֣ˡЦ
ǸˡǸһЦҲƷһ
֣ν֮أɾҪ鷳ˡƷЦ
Ʒֵ̫ˣɶЩС¡ЦЦɶ˼Ʒ磬ƺʲôƷֵܣʮʱ䣬õͻ˰ɣ˼ʡ
֣ЦˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ˣ²˳٣ŮΪ·ɡ˵
ǾͷˡƷѺõ
󣬺뺣ţ㸺·Ʒһ˽ں
ȷʵܴ󣬸صҪҵ֮صڣûкЩ·ߵĻҪҵ·ڻ÷Щ鷳
һ·ϣҲ˵Ц뿪Ƭ½뺣֮Ҳ֪ʱܻصˣԴҵٶеġ
ֱ˴ʱ䡣
ڣƷǸźŮ˺ľͷ
ľͷҲûʲôرģһƬɽѩأҲڱļ֮¼ǳУƷ˵Ӱ졣
ľɫȷʵźоκεϢڡ
ˡͻȻͣ
չȥۼһ̾ںϵľ޴ѩɽѩɽۣ֮һصĻù⣬Ѱ֮ء
ǣһ޴ѩɽ޴˵н֮صͨڡ
ôʲôûУ˾㵵ʵҲǷ׷ɻĴѭ
Ǻǣ֮صͨڣҲͿҵģ֮ǰһֻͨĻȥϸĹ۲ĻȷʵҵЦ
󣿡
һϸܸӦȥ޴ѩɽȷʵǱһɱϢֻ΢Բ
Ǻǣ鷳·ˡƷЦ
ͷһЦеĺꪣԶѩɽֱ˹ȥ
ݣ
ꪻȥ֮ѩɽ֮Уպձ˺ѿһͨڡ
⴦ͨڣҲȽֻͨһռѺۣİޱȣǹĴѩɽ֮
ͨڵĳ֣˶쳣˷ܡ
ˡתƷһ˵Ʒֵܣ⴦֮ͨе崦ͿڣǺܻܿᱻɢҲܿǻᱩ¶
صģһƷЦЦбԳ𸮡
˼𸮣˿
Ǻǣ㻹ôһöЦЦ֣ص˵Ҫǵľǣ֮ؿΪ׼磬ǿǿҪСġ
ɺѣǶСĵġƷ˵漴㽫˸УֶԺֵ֣ʹ˸ˣԺлĻݷá
Сġһεѵ
ǡƷЦٴһ񣬱ֱͨзȥ
Ʒȥ֮󣬺㲻̾ϣǼϼһﶼѾˡ
ȻںɫУء
ʱƷѾһռ֮С
Ըоǣƺ汻ĳǿķһ㣬ŷǱǿĿռ֮˺ԲǺֻܴҪǾ߱ʥʵɳɹƬռ
Ͼ֮صӿڿ崦ƷҲĻᴫ͵ȽΣյĵطƷҲϵϢУѹƵʥʵ
ѹƵʥʵĿռƷ˼Ʒ粢޿ʵԭеѹѵĳǹֱǰ
ڿյ֮Ʒʮӡ
Ȼǰ֮΢΢ֳһҫ۵İ׹⡣
Ʒϲɫӿ˳ٶȣ͵ĳǵ׹֮С


1102 峤
׹⣬ҰȻʡ
Ʒ羯أ㵵ķ֣ǰԼȻһƬ޴Ĵ֡
Ƭ֣ΪصĵطǱǳ÷ǳ޴ԭ½ԶԶ޷ȼЩݲݣ֮ߣо߽˾һ㡣
ѭܸӦȥƷ羪ϲķ֣ǳ㣬Ļܹ°빦ЧҲѹЩľ᳤˾޴ˣҲǹԭ
ûˣ֮ˡ
̤ĵطδ֪֮ʱƷ粢޽Ǵٳչ΢ĻѰ
Ȼ֣ƬռݵķΧܴ󣬹ķΧĸоܶǱǿϢﵽ񼶵ϢСҲĻﶼձǿ붼дﵽħ޼ϵʵ
ͬҲ֣֮Ż̫ĿܶȺܸߣõˣҪǿͨˡĿռǿҲܸߣλʵҲܶռκεӰ죬ЩƷﵽԪڵʵԱȿռЩŤҲ׵ƻռ䡣
˵һУԭĴ½ȫǸϼεģⲻ׼硣ҵûǱκεҲ˵ܰȫ
Ʒ绹Ǻܾ裬֮߳ٿ

ïܵĴ֣һƬɭɭԵ÷ǳİ
ʱһƬ֮Уһλ˯ľޡ
޵ܴ󣬴Ϣ֮ʱܱߵĻݶЩ
ޣϬţޡ
ϬţޣټһַħޣΪһıףһ㣬ͨӲףѰԻơһϬţ޵ʵ׵߽׵ʵǰϬţޣȴǴﵽʥ۷弶ʵĻ£ϬţҲ˵ǿ
ȻֻϬţޣҲһֻײеħޡ
Ȼ֮У¶һ˫˸ӡ
һ˫۾ǿĶϬţá
ಣ
һýݵӰӹмӳһλ׳ʵӣһѴֲڵĳзŵĽ⣬͵ĶϬţ޵ͷȥ
û뵽λӵʵȻﵽ˰񼶵ʵ
ˣ˯еϬţ޾Ȼ֮ߡ
͵ģϬţǷŭӣ˸ײеѪ⡣
𣡡
Ϭţŭһ͵һᡣ
ȣ
ӽճݺݵĴϬţ޵ͷ
أ
һ죬Ϊн̫εԵʣȻӰ񼶵ʵȻֻϬţ޵ͷ̿һ۵ѿڶѡ
𣡡
Ϭţʹһŭķ
Ϭţ޵ϣȻеĳеȭͷĳϬţ޵ͷš
أأ
һȭһȭϾӵʵѾﵽ˰񼶣Ϭţ޵ǿ񣬵԰ʮȭͷϬţ޲Һһ˫һף޴ӱĵ˵ϡ
ΪȭͷԸϬţ޵Ӳڲ壬Ϭţ޳ܲסε˹ȥɼϬţжôǿ
ڸ㶨ˡԾ£ٴʰ𳤽㳯Ϭţ޵ĸдȥ
һ̣Ȼ޷̴Ϭţ޵ĸ塣Ӳʣƴĺݴ˼ѣһϬţҲûʲô
MDһƽְ׷ӹˣһֱӽеĳӵһߡ
Ϊ˷ֹϬţ֮鷳׼ȥ
ͻȻһʶİԤ׵Ļ˹ǺǣҪæ𣿡
һʱѭȥ
ʱǹ֮У߳һλ࿡ɫӡ
һ㵣ǰֵĿɫӡ
ͬλɫҲںĴǰλ׳ʵӣɫԵЩȣǾλ׳ʵӵʵ
˭׳оԵʵ
ǺǣƷ磬է㽻ѡƷѺõЦ
էѵˣ׳оȵʵ
ǵģǣƷʡ
ãִĴ峤ҽн֣ߵĽɭֵ֣ҴСﳤġ׳ЦǺǵĻصԵúܺ˾С
Ǻǣãֵܣܸʶ㡣ƷЦ
Ҳܸʶ㡣ЦЦдż־⣬ʣȻˣһλǿ߰ɣ
ǰɡƷĻص
ǿߣⲻΰɣȻһλǿ˸ѡ־Ȼ
ǺǣҸطԸ𣿡ƷЦʡ
ȻԣĻǴһһĸ㡣ЦΪ顣
Ǿ鷳ˡƷһЦ
ȥЩεһɵڵصϬţޣֶƷ粻˼Цˣܲܰһڵħȡ
û⡣ƷӦֳ𽣣ߵϬţǰһϬţ޵ĸлȥһŰƴСħ㱻˳Ȼݵ˽ֵС
ǿһĿӣǿӲϬţޣͱƷô赭дľȡڵħͨǿ߶Щ
߰ɣǱ̸߱ĺҪ֪顣ƷЦŰѾʧнָ˹
˼Цˣʵĺǿְ亹жƷľֶ˼֡
Ʒ뽭̸ֱЦȥ
һ·ϣֶ飬޻˵ʼҵƷ˵֮顣
ȻĦ˹µľй֮صļأҲû˵ϸ
ӽֿпϸ˽⵽֮ҪԷΪĴҲʮһ˵
νĻ޻ʵǳ¸ͳǡ
ĻƿصıǡĹħĳǣ޻ʵƹܵǡԭǣǳͳεʥǡǷǣеĵλǿߣǿҲʮλʵǿ
ʣµһǣʵΪ廢ǡ
廢ǣԭǽ廢ǣԭԭλʵͳ죬Ϊ廢ǣҲʮʵһǣеĳλ¡Ϊﵽƽ⣬廢ҲͳΪΪĳУΪ˲ƻ־Ƶƽ⣬廢Ȼڷš
νһأ
֮Ϊصһطħ񶼡
ħ񶼵ʵǳǿ˵ǧǰĻħ񶼽սĻܵúܲңĻеĵĻ궼ˡ
ܵ˵֮صĴҪ
Σ֮ΪرĵطǱǷ֮ء
֮أǾʮΥ˹涨ûмʮǵķûʸעΪ񣬻оԭܿͳΣЩ˱뵽˷֮ء
֮أ壬ֱִ塢˴塢塢ʥ塢³壬ڵıִ壬֮е֣ħɭ֡


1103 ͻ
ӽֵĿУ֪֮һЩĹȤ顣
Ϊ֮Ϊһ׼磬Ҳǹвôڵġ֮е½еĻήһľ硣
Ҳ˵ǰƷ컢֮λǿߣ˹ҲӦöЩǿߣĻ£Ķ֮ҲӦλǿߡ
֮еˣ׷ڵλʵһ˵ǲԽλ񣬾Բħ硣ö֮֮бۼһǿߡ
֮УνĽѾ޷ǣ֮ҲеĻͨУǱǾʯħˡ
νʯ̽ľʯʯ̺ǿΪգԾʯǵջǷǳġ
ʯȼɵ߿ɷΪƷʯƷʯƷʯƷʯƷʯƷʯ뼫ƷʯϾ׼磬һ㲻Ʒʯ뼫ƷʯҵƷʯҲǼΪϡеģһǧ꣬ſƷʯ
ȻƷʯҲΪ֮ĶǱջԻҪеƷʯĵһ㶼˺
ħأ
ڵԣħޱžɣħڵħҲű⾧ʯĹЧһʥ޼ħˣֻ൱ڴƷʯļֵ񼶵ħ൱Ʒʯ޼ǵƷʯ
֮УħҲɷΪ࣬һǶޣδԲбɱһǰޣǿһ㲻ɱϾ޻ʵƿصı
޻ʵһеı壬ˡ
ˣ½еˣЩĲ࣬Ǳǰ˶Ǽ̳Ѫ壬ھǰ壬޻ʵΪϵĴ壬ʵҲǷǳۺġħҪΪˣôﵽϵʵµħޣֻΪ½ɱĶޣδǵİħޣ޻ʵҲϵġ
Ȼ޻ʵеĹϽΧͨħޣҲ˸ȥɱ
½УĴ󾧿ΪĴϷ֡оŴв㼶ľ󣬱г廢֮ľųռλСҲųռݣ廢ƿصģֻһС
ڷ֮أ޷κεľڡ
˵֮г廢֮⣬֮סˣǷǳƶģһƷʯ֮ˡ
ħɭֺܴ˽ʱͷƷŸŽ߳ħɭ֡
ɭ֮⣬ԵĿһƬСׯ
Ʒ羪㵵ǣû뵽ƬСׯԭ½еκδׯȲ˼򵥵Ĺ죬һ֪һǳƶСׯ
ǺǣִˣȻԶԶĴׯȣִ˶Ƿǳÿ͵ġЦֻЩΣϾִľǺܺá
λ峤ǵӵصƷһЦһ֮Ȼýħɭƴȥɱħޣ˶ڵΣƾһ㣬Ʒͷǳͽ֣ҪΪ¡
û취֮صĴϣʮûоʯĻҲǺġý㣬ҵõһƷʯֿɬһЦ
Ʒʯļֵж󣿡Ʒʵ
ǺǣÿһƷľʯ԰ٽλĵֵҲһƷʯԱһٿƷʯƣֻ㹻ľʯӵһʵĲƸڵѾѧˣһҪиƷľʯԸȥȡƷľʯʹܶ࣬ƷĲЧҲͲ˺ԶȻӵһʲƸĻųһ֮⣬ܶ˻ԸΪЦ
ޣԭˡƷȻ򣬰ЦԼ𸮸ƿռĴڣֻҪԼܵõƷľʯܸƶɶѵľʯˡ
ͻȻƷ뵽ʲôʵˣֵܣϸ֮صͼ
ϸҪеҪĻһҸ׸ϵͼֻϧڷ֮еķΧֻص
ǿɷҿһۣƷЦʡ
ȻԣͼҶкüأһݰɡ˵գΪֺƷһ㣬ӻóһоɵĵͼ
ǺǣǿɾллˡƷЦĽͼſ
͵ǴˣȥҼҰɣӻڼأЦ
ӣƷ¡
ǰŮӡͷЦһҸӡ
ҿɵúúüɩˡƷȤһЦ
ʵǵʮǣܹʮǵĳݣɩӿǽе̫ˡֵֻ̿
ݸߵͣҽ֮ĵһλֵܡƷϵĻص
ֵܡֳͷıжˡ
ˣ߰ɣôûȥӦúܵɡƷĽֵļͷ
ҲǡֻһЦ
ţƷŽִ֣ȥ
һӣоǽһΪʵ̫ƶˣڵĹϵˣձʵ߱˽ʦϣʥ򼶵ʵҲʮλֻϧʥ򼶵ʵ֮ҲǱƽҪһѡ
Ҳͯʶ֮ܲе˾Ҳȴ½е˶˺ü
Ʒִʱ򣬲ǽ˵ǰ飬ǼΪŹְһƷѣĻǽҰڽֵϣԵЩŹ֡
ô£ҲԵƣо˶ùֵֹġ
Ʒ˼ܣԴЩ￴һЩ־壬Щ־岢ԴԼϣܿ﷢һЩ顣
ţһλ׳㼱Ҵҵ˹һ߽кˣ峤ˡ
ȻƷüͷһ塣
ʲôˣʵƺѾ뵽ʲôＷһЩŭ
׳ǰҲʥ򼶵ʵɻƷ˼ۣȻµ˵峤ǡӳˣ
ʲô
ȻӦ֮󣬱ŭʵ˵
ǡǶ˴Ķİԣծģ峤ڣ㽫Ӹ׽ˣ׳Ļص
쵰أֺԼĿжôҪ
񡭡񻢻ڴ㡣׳ص
ȥֽе
ţװŭ𣬱ĸ׳ȥƷ綼ˡ
İԣƷɻ£֪һЩ鷳ˣ㰵ĸ˹ȥ
ʱƷŭĽȥ
ɼԶΧһЩɫֵȺһһĽкǴ峤أҹǲĻǶ˴ɾͶǵĴ峤˲ˣ
סڣ
ֱӺȺȥ
峤
Ⱥкÿ˵
Ʒ棬ҲżȺ֮Уûע⵽Ʒλİ˵Ĵڡ


1104 İ
ȻȺ棬վһλŴ󵶵Ĵ³ӣĺһɷӣһͲǺǵ
˱Ƕ˴İ֮һĶ񻢣н׵ʵ
н׵ʵʵִȷʵǿԴﵽЧΧЩۿĴҲǸŭԣʮ־ڶ񻢡
񻢣ֽеȺг˳
ޣִ峤Ϊأҵ͹ˡ񻢹ٵѹûѽַʵѾѹ˽֡
ʱ䲻ǻʮΪҪҵӣŭʵ
Ǵ˵ˣεǰծ񻢵Ц
ǰܵȴкɣ
кʲô񻢱ĵıŭĽ֣߰˵ֻ˳ӦǶ˴Ĺ򣡻УٸҷϻˣҪӣ̽ŴƷʯ
ɫһ£вɴŴƷʯֿ˵Ǹֻţȷӣһʮ֮һ͵Ǵ
Ƕ񻢳˱Ľ֣нŴƷʯȻ̧Ƕĵ˵̸һҪһŶ٣ȻĻǴɾͽӸȥˣӿɶˣҪĻЩüǮء
˵꣬񻢱ɫЦ

ŭһѹѾõŭͻȻеȭͷ˸ŵĽ⣬͵ĳ嵽˶񻢵ǰȭͷŶ񻢵ȥ
ɫһڽֵһȭȻмеĴһᣬ˸űȽϻҪǿҵĵɫâǰ
飡
һȭǴϣԵı˻
£񻢱¶һ׶ףMDȻҸҶ֣ⲻ𣿡
ŭһȭֱֵؿкݺݵĺȥ
أ
һǿҵ죬ʹһ˳ȥ
峤
˴һݺݵŭŶ񻢡
ּѵĳӣ˫ĿŭŶ񻢣վӣȭͷӣұҲҪɱ㣡
ߣȻҾͲһˣ񻢼еĴ󵶣Ƕˡ
Ҳ޾ɫİԼӣֳ裬ôܾʹ˰ݡ
ͻȻһͳİֵܣɡ

һ㶣İǲſʼע⵽Ʒ硣
ʧǣǰλ࿡ɫ꣬ʲôر֮ɰͬ飬˶񻢿Ҫˡ
ֵ꣬ðװˡ
˲ɰ̾ϢǵĴ峤ˣζִ彫Զڰյˡ
־һ£һִԼƷ磬ԼǸողʶһλǿأ̫ŭˣȻһʱˡ
Ʒֵܡ⣬żֿķŭ
ҶҰɡƷص˽ֵǰǿ˰ǰڵĶ񻢡
˾ѣ֪ƷʵݣֻǿԸо峤ƺܿƷ磬ٰĽƷ硣
񻢼Ʒλİ˵ĳ֣ҲǾһ£ƷɢϢֻǺƽѣ㲻мĽСӣ㲢ĸӵˣ
Ʒû˵ֻɫ䣬Ͽ
㡭һ㶣ܸоǰλİ˺ܹ֣رһ˫ӣְĸоһӣֻеĴ󵶽еСӣҪŻޣӲһףʶĻ̸ҹ¿ļͷҪǸ˵Ļһ
͵ģƷͻȻ̧ݡ
ֻǸһ̧ͷһ˲䣬Ʒ羹Ȼӵ˶񻢵ǰ
˴󾪣˸ֱӱŵһ󲽡
㡢㡢ʲôʱߵǰģǼĶƷʵ
ʱ򣡡Ʒһֻ̽
ˣն㣡ŭһֱӾ󵶷ĶƷͷնȥ
˾㵵ĵɴ˫ۣЩ˻סг
ۼĴ󵶾ҪնƷͷʱ
ͻȻ
ǴͻȻƷͷ֮ͣסˣŵȥƷָȵļסǴ󵶡
һĻĿܹ࣬׼ʹָסȫһʵĵƷʵжôĿֲ
㣡ӵɵúܴ󣬶챬ޱȵľ֣֪Լǵùһְˡ
ƷȥСɫ֪ķеĴ󵶣ڶ񻢿־УһĹ۴ӹ
ݣ
Ѫ񻢳Ĺ
ֲǣ񻢵ͷѾ뿪ˣƷ
ǻͷڵѪĿ
ɱˣ
˵һǰλİӵʵʵ̫ˣѴ֮ͽ񻢸ֱɱˣû˭ܿƷĶֶ֣ܡ
Ʒһʻͷ­תɫеĽ˵·˴壡
ַűѹæӦǡ
˽񻢵ʬ崦֮󣬱Ʒ˴ķȥ
ֱƷȥãЩˣȻ֮Уþ޷ѹôŹ죬峤ʹôһλʵֲǿߣ˵ǳԽ˰񼶵ʵˡ
뵽ڴˣ˸еԷܣû뵽ִ徹Ȼܹõǿߵıӻ
ʱƷŶ񻢵ͷ­Ž֡
лǿ־ţֻʵǵԼӵİΣӿĽŲǰС
·ϣƷҲ˽˶˴ľ
ν˴壬ĶһЩĶˣ֮УԶ˴ʵǿλǿߡ
λǿߣҲǶ˴죬ҲųƶİԣŷֱΪ졢ǡ񱪡񻢣ԶΪףʵǿڡ
ڶ˴ǿһĸӶܵ˶˴۸ÿ궼ϽƷʯ
ãƷŽһԽΪеĴׯھ½еС
ԶͿǴӵ
ǰǶ˴ˣָŲԶǸׯ˵ŭɫҲмֵǣΪԴԼ뿪ִħɭԣѾȥ˺üˣҲԼѱ׽ȥˣ˲ٵί
ȥɣߣɱ֮ƷޱĻصƽߵıЩǿˣҽƷ֮еĵһλѣƷԶİѾ˱֮ġ

ֳͷƷλǿܣʮ㡣
⽣ȥƷͻȻԳһѻɫĳǴ컢͵ĻϾ˹ѾˣƷ˻
һ£֪ǰѺýжѣмлл
Ʒһǰһŭ˴ȥ


1105 ɱ
˴УһƬЦ
ĶһЩ޶ˣŶİԵʵ޳ܵĻζңڣ춼УΪԶ˴ĲƸҲ򵽳һЩˡ
˴סǧˣʵǿʥʵߣλ֮ҲΪˡ
Ȼ
֮Уȴӭλ֮͡
Ʒ뽭ֽ˴ʱһӱʮλʵﵽʼϵסƷǡ
ޣԭǽִ峤ͷһλЦдű̵ζֻʥ۷弶ʵŶ˴İλʸȥӽֻ֣ǲע⵽ƷĴڡ
ҵأʵ
ӣӹ˼Ѱ£ȻĵȤǵĴ˵ӺȥˣҼ۸񻹲ȻһƷʯء

˸źȻЦ
ˣֺݺݵսȭͷ˫۷죬ͨ

͵̧ͷһȥеĻλӱŭնȥ
λӾֲѣԼʵԲǽֵĶ֣û뵽ǣ־Ȼڶ˴ĵ϶Լ֡
ϧˡ
ͣ
һӵӸնΪһ룬ѪܵĸߵѪܱһֵС
֣𣿲֪ʲôط𣿡һλŭеǵˣҲ˼
ǵģҲɱ˵Ļص
ϮϮ
Щ˱㾪е
ҲôվţȻӭ˽ǧλ˴ĸ֣ŵΧס˽Ʒ硣
֣ǷˣЩǽеŭ졣
ûҪˣ־еĻɱ졣
˳Ծѣû뵽ֻǿƵһ档
ͻȻ
ˣһ
һѪܵͷ­˳ĹЩ˵ǰ
ͷ­סʱ¶һĿף״˵ʹࡣ
Щ˼Ϥͷ­֮ʱҲֹͣˣٶ񻢴ˣ
ȻƷ˳ޱĶԷŭеĽ˵ֵܣЩͽˣ
ֺݺݵս˻
ЩǾֵŽ֣һƷλİĵˣ֪²򵥣ȥˡ
ǽΪ˸ۣһһٵ˵ŻǿҵĹֱɱЩˡ
ЩȻ֪ʵƾ˺սҲɱڵͳ˹ȥ
Ȼ䣬㴫һƬƬҵĽ
һֻǵĴ½㽵͵Ʒֵʵﵽ˰֮ٳлֱ绢ոЩ˵
ɱɱɱ
ִʧ֮ʹǻŭԺֳ︡ԼӵÿһĻӰ֮ʱеŭͻȼյԽǿҡ

ҽ֮ϣѪһ߾߲Ҳ̶õѪʬ
־ɱħȺ֮Уһһ̽Щ˸նɱ飬ѹĳԹйк˳
ƷֱӣȺֱ룬ӭĶˣԱƷͷųν˲˺Ϊ˷顣
Ʒոս֮صĵһ죬Ҳɱ¾һ죬Ʒĳư֮ãҲССĶ˴忪ʼ
Щǿ־ˣδֻ֮͵ıδƷλİǿߵļ룬ֱǶħײϡ
һĴԺ֮Уλαӣն̸Цš
Ǻǣû뵽ǼһӣȻڳﻻһƷʯ
Ǽһɲ֪ʲôŮܣǽǼһÿ궼ܹɾʯҪȻ綼뽫ռΪˣ˵ŮСӴôãûйأ˷ˡ
ٺ٣ǴŮ֮ôüǮأƷʯʮչôĴƷʯαչس֮󣬱ͻˡ
ǼֵܣԺ󲻾ǿڳŴúˡ
ˣ˵ĵѾִкüˣôûǳ˰ɣ
ʲô£ǻû湻ɡ
ҲǣִֻнǸųǿһ㣬˸Ϊ壬̤ƽִѾǶǵĶˡ
̸λӣǶ񱪣˶ǰнǿߡ
ͻȻ
̸ţһλ¾ֵĴ˽кˣ⡭С
ʲôǸұɥ𣡰ֵ¶ܻˣǺݺݵŭ
λɫĹ˵λˣǡǽ֣ɱˣ
ʲô֣
˾һ£ŭ
MDǷ𣡲֪磬ţȥͷȡ¾ʳŭбһϬĳ
ʱ񱪲Ÿ̤ԺĴš
ͻȻ
أ
һ죬һʹδ̤Ķ񱪣㱻һɾ˻ѪǱĹڵء
ܣ
Ǵ󾪣ֽȥ
ǿ
񱪳ĳӣ³ô֡
Ȼܹ׵ĽȰнǿһʵܲǿ
˾ֵĻǽ֮ʱû뵽ֵˣһλİĿɫӣ̤˴Ժ֮УŶǡ
һ֪˵ʵǿŭʵ˭
ûʸ֪Ʒ˫һһεɱѹ˹ȥ

˴󾪣ֱӱɱƵùǺ죬Ҫ˺ѿ˰ʹࡣ
λ£ȴֱѹб
ǿߣ
ɫ䣬ȿֲѹҲֻǿ߲ӵеʵˡ
һӣ˵ƱήˣǿߵǰǾƨǡ
󡭡ˣǶ˴岢ûе㣬ΪҪҡǶ˴ɱ֣ʵĿ̼֮䵴Ȼȫޡ
ҵѡƷ絭Ļص
ѣ
ԣ˵Ѿľ
顫
һ죬ѪʬֱڴԺ˽
ţӭһλմѪĶħħǽ֡ϵѪҲ֮Ѫɱ֮մѪ
ֵĳ֣Ǹɫ԰ףûڲѡ
Ʒͷһ۽֣֪˶ӦǱֽˡɣԽֵʵԸİ֮Щˣȫ⡣
ֵ֡ܡǲʺ
裡ֱӳȥһŽصĲڵϣʵҵģ˵
˼㡭ѾʥȥˡǴŴܵĻص
ʥǡɫͣƺ֪ʥһô˾ĵط
Ʒֵɫ䣬ֵܣʲôطҶܽҪѾסԱɣ
⻰ֱŵһ¡
ֵܣʵʵǶԲ𣬸ʱ䣬ǿ԰ӣ㡭嶯ǲ˵
ǰǰ񱪸Ÿ͵
ǵɣŭһնеĻһһնȥ

ɱĲҽ˾뼫ȵʹ࣬ȻԽԽ
ͣеĶǱһѶĵ⽴ݺݵһ嵹ڵأĹʹ޵Բû㡭
ƷĲ̣Լγǻʧ֮ʹأ
ţƷǰο֡
ͻȻ
һŷŭĳ˹֣Ǻôĵӣ


1106 ɱ
һİ𣬽űһǿϢԶԶԽڰ񾳵Ϣ
־£ѹƵЩܡ
Ʒ絹һмӣֻһλ׵ʵѣƷһָͷ
һİӣƷ紫֣غ£˵ǸСɫѡ
£ɫתһƷλǿĺܣʲô
ߣһŭϿ֮УֳһӰ
һλɫµӣǴһ㣬ɷ֮λӿҪɫĶ࣬ײеĶ˳ʲôϵ˲սթģֶҲǼ̵ġ
죡ϿմӣȵĻ̽ҵӣ
Ǵǧ˿ڣҵļλֵܶɥ֣㻹ʸҪ𣿿ѱˣҪˣ־ԼȥҪ¿մǼ߲Ҳ̶õʬ壬дȥǧˣöгޱŭ𣬺޲ýָʬΡ
Щ˶Ǹ䣬ҧгݵִ屸Ƕ˴ѹҲˡЩɵļһȻǿץȥҪִú
Уƾ㣿֮ԱǣתصƷλİǿߣԶ˵һвԸо˵ʵѾﵽ񾳣Լʵ̫ԶƷʵλѣ㲢ִ˰ɣ
ǡƷ絭Ļص
ߣȻǣΪҪ£ߵ
ܼ򵥣ҵֵܡƷ
ֵܣȻ۽֣һʲôʺˡ
ٶϸϸĴƷãʣӦҲʮ˰ɣ
ûƷ
ʮǵˣͷƷʵ֪˭𣿡
֪һСˡƷ̵
죬֪Ʒ粢ʮ֮˵ݣݺݵ˵ڸ㣡ʥǵļλѾӦңҴﵽ֮󣬱ɳΪʥλ鷳Ļ뿪
ʥǣҲһ£ƺΪ˼ʥǵвɻͷѭƷ硣ϾƷֻһλոʶѶѣﲢΪԼ¶ƷϲҪ鷳
ⲻ֪Ʒ羹ǽȻмЦǺǣʥǰô
㣡Ȼѣ̫ʥǿǳϽĴǣʮеʵҲλǰеģֻҪܹʹ˰֣ҿԲϱ飬һ£
˵ף컹ǹ˼ƷʵϾҲֻǸոͻλľѣҪƷλλǿߴǳԿĶࡣ
ԭҲΪֻҪóʥΪ̣ƷҲʶˡ
û뵽ǣƷ羹ǿĺʥΣǳΣǵҵѣҲǽǶ˴һȺɥҹһ
ˣŭȵTMDΪȥĵֱ𣡡
˵գеĳ˸ǿҵĽ⣬ǿϢŭɱƷǰ
ۼҪ嵽ƷǰʱյĶͻȻתȥƣ乥Ʒ粻ԶĽǰ˲ӵ˽ֵǰ
֣¶Եһ˾㣡һŽâǶ߰ıƽ˽ֵؿڡ
־㵲ѣ׵ʵӵлҲȫǶĶ֣Ҷĳٶô죬־൲
ٶڽֵѾ˾û뵽Լ֮ܲʣΪûԼӡ
ɣĿͦŭ̡
һҪؿϵʱ
ͻȻ
ž
һĶ⣬оϻģĪıӲһ⡣
Ȼ󣬶ʹһֱӵ˳ȥ
ƷѾ˽ֵǰ΢΢ɫֵĽ˵ֵܣ㾡ɷģڣǳƷҲܰҪ
ִסˣͷһĸжзЩ⣬û뵽ʶѣ塣
˶һǱӣֱ࣬ҧͻȻƷʵûôֵģԼͰƷһƣƾʵͺƷʵԶǿԼ
ͼΪģѣɱʥ׼λ֪ʲô𣿡
֪ҲûҪ֪Ʒ˫һͻȻ΢΢һ
һ£Ʒ羹ǹȰ˶ǰ
쾪һ£ȫûӦƷ̽һֻצӰĶƣս˶ĲȻֱ

ʹѣǺ죬ȫ鴤͸ˣеĳҲ£ֵĶƷ磬ûڲѣȻƷôһ
ֿĿɿڴƷʵԽӵĸе𾪡
ƷһɫʹеĶ죬ʵ˵ֵ˭
ڡʥ󡭡˵ĻصŵôС㶼Ҫʧˡ
ʥ˭Ʒʡ
ǡʥǵĳǡص
ޣȥˣƷɫһ͵̧һ֡
£еȫǾƷʵǸͲͬһεġ
ʲô˵ƷȫʽĿ˵
ҡһܸһϢšҡʹĻص
˵Ʒű㽫¡
䵹ڵأصĴ˼죬ʥǽٰһᣬʱλᵽ˲μᣬӣϵľƷ
죿Ʒһʹַŭ
ô죿Ʒüͷһ塣
ǰ˵椵ɫͦģΪҪüǮĻһԼءа˵Ȼ´ԼѾΪƷʱ׸ĸ
⻰˫һ죬ŭȥ
˵գֱŻֱ
ߣ֣ﻹֲ񣡡ŭʰ
ͻȻ
ö쾪㵵ǣϾһεľѹţȫ޷
ֺɱڵıǶﵽ񾳵ʵҲ޷ȥӲлĽְ
֮£۽ƷĽе󡭡ˣ˵Źҵģ졢ֹ
˵㣬û˵ֻŹ㡣ƷޱĻصЩʵ΢СˣƷȥɱ
һľŭѣһħĺӰѾڸסԼħĽѾ־ŻȵĻ⣬ŭŶ졣

˻һ
ݣ
ŻӶĲӹһŻͷ­㱻ն
£Ʒһֱؿ̽ȥؿʵݺݵȡ˳


1107 ƻ
İˣ˴ҲɱˣȻϴӲ˽еʹࡣ
򡭡ҶԲ㰡ʹһǲʣ˫ȭصĴڵϡ
ֵܡƷһڽֵҼϣ̾Ϣ
΢΢عתƷ˵ƷֵܣΪѾ㹻ˣʥǾԲǵĵطӵ飬һ취ȥ
ǺǣССʥǣһûƷ粻ΪȻЦ
ƷֵܣĲǿЦġҡҡͷ
Һ棬ɡƷһɫбԳ𸮡˵Щ˼Ѿ֮شˣΪ˽ֵ飬ȻǶˡ
ʲôɻʵ
һռƷ
ռ־õɴ˫ۡ
ƷЦЦֻһâҫ𣬽ֱ㱻һεǿг˽ȥ
һֱ̣㾪㵵ĿԼȻһĿռУ𾪵ǣǰȻվŶʮλİˡЩİ˵ʵÿһλʵǿԼ
оһ㣬־þ޷ѹ
Ʒֵܣô°˴ˣڲżǡЩƵ˵
ߣǰǸ˰ɡ˿Ʒ磬ƷΪ
ֻɻ󣬵ҲûʲôΪΪ֮£Ȼԭ
Ǻǣλ˼˵С鷳Щʱ䡣ƷһǸЦ
ڿɵ֮أȲʵ
ȻһʶһλѡƷ΢΢һЦתڴеĽ֣ЦλǽֵܣִĴ峤
ִ壿峤
ɻѣĴǰλнֵӣֻһλ񼶵ʵѣΪƷ⣿
ֱ⻰˹ż־૵Ǵк㡭Ǻãҽн֣ܸʶǡ
Ǻǣã½ѺõЦ
һε𺧣ɴʲôݰ
ֵܣҽаĦĦ
ϳ


һһܣֻΨа˿ȥὭ֣޶ãһԲ
ȻƷҲ˵һЩŵ顣ŵһЩ¼֮֮صĺΰĿ֮󣬽ֵš
ȻƷǻӭֵļ롣
һǿԼʵǿţƷʵӵеԼҲϣˡ
˺󣬱ǿʼʽˡ
λҿʼ֮صĴǡƷ˵
ƷԽֿ֪Ħ˹ľ¼ϸǽ˹֮ص顣ʵ֮ʱҲǾȲѣû뵽ʵ˵ǿ󣬱סԭȵС֮ġ
öƷ˵֮ʵƷ磬ô˵ĻǵҪˣ鷳ͦģмƻ
Ǻǣȥħ񶼣ʮǶάһƽĹϵǽƽִƵĻ֮һҵĻľͻǡǵҪĿģǱǶȡ񣬲ϵǿʵƷݵЦ
ƽ⣿ô𣿡Ħüʡ
ʵϽĸǣ廢ǵʵʵ̫ˣпޣӰ졣ǽ廢ǵʵǿĻƽҲдˡƷ˵
⣡Цһ
Ϊ˱֤ƽĻǻ᲻廢ǻΪųǹͬìͷ˼ܵһʵ
һѾˣһ֮صʵҲ͵͵ĽһǣʱˣӵеʵǿɾͲһˡ֮رħ񶼵ĵȻħ񶼲ֱӹϽ֮ءϾٽħ񶼵ĵҲƷص
ơͻȻ
Ǻǣ㻹ǽƷֵܰɣʵҶֵܣʲôҲɾ˵ƷЦ
ֵ˵ͷص˵ƷֵܣҪڷ֮ؽһǵĻ⡣ݲ˵ʽ⣬ཨǵĸƷϣʮǵҪķѼҷ֮ش඼ͨĴûԸȥЩ顣
ǺǣǮʹĥʽʲô⡣ƷһЦֵܣдƷħɣ
СֵбԳһССĴƷħֱӵݹƷ硣
Ǿ㹻ˡƷнǴƷħ𸮸ƿռ߿ԸƳƷħǰҪƷħʽƷ˵ȫû⡣
һž͹ˣ־󲻽⡣
ǵģ㹻ˡƷЦ
ҲûʲôϾܽ˿ռȻһȺʵǿˣԶƷҲǼֲˡ
ӵ飿ʡ
ʱޣǾ͵жƷ˵˴ζ˴Ѿ٣ҵĻЩ⣬Դ˴Ǳ·ǰȥʥǣ뽭ֵܣССͬбɣ˽ΪαװǱȽʺϡ
̫ˣ˷ܡ
˶٣Ʒֶ˵磬ĸ͵鷳ȥˣǧҪǿǣ֮ǰһǳʽ𡣡
İɣ¾ͽҺͼλˡص
أ˿õʡ
˿ִɡƷЦ
ҲҪȥ˿
˿ɲȥ棬ɡƷʼ
֮ǰ˵ҪҸ㣬һ㲻ܰҶģҾԲΪ׸˿˵
Ʒ˼˻Ҳð˿ţָĻҲȽϴ󣬱ǺðɣһҪҵġ
ˣģ憪¡˿Ʒ磬һûƷɫ
ƷһĿЦҲΣڰ˿ﶼҲ½ڵİ˿
ˣȻˣھͺúóȥϤһĻɡƷЦ
Ʒڱ뿪𸮡
˳ֵ֮صʱȴǴΪԾû뵽ȴ½йû㡣ΨһǸеѹǣĿռԶȴ½ǿ˺üõﳣˣʵжôǿ
˱Ľִţصִ塣
Ȼصִ֮󣬴Ƕ飬Ͼܹõǿߵıӻޱȵ٣ζִѹҲʹӴ˵ͷˡ
ΪǰʥǣƷҲرǿ˽֣ҲԭķΪý˽մȥĶõýֱӱĵλ׵ʵ֮ͻ񾳵ĻҲٽ١
ͻȻӵ񾳵ʵΪϲƷ˸м֮⣬ӵ˾Եҳϡ
Ʒ粢ûнڸ֣ϾҪĹƷԽҲǻҪһĿʱ䡣


1108 
죬㵽֮ڡ
峿Ʒȱ̡
֮ǰƷصʮſռָڷ㾧ʯĴ档ƷĿռͨĿռָ⡣Щռָ棬װĶƷƺõĳɶѴƷħȻԽǣʵз֮صĽǼƻ
ΪγеıԣƷ뽭ΪС뷲˸Ϊ͡ǰ˿Ҳ͵еͬ顣
֮ر߾⣬廢ǡ
ʮ֮УһϸĹ涨Ǳǳ֮⣬κ˶ڸǵϿУ򽫻⵽ʮǵƲá
ԣӷ֮зе廢֮ʱƷǱ㲻в
֮صĻԣƷĻҲɴΧչױ¶ǰȥ֮ʱƷ׼ȥ֤λݡ
ݽֿ֪ʮ֮Уܹﵽ񾳵ʵɽ֤֤֮ɳΪλ
֤֮ᡣ
ᣬʷʼΪ͹
˵͹ԭλ۷ǿߣ֮ʼѴᡣǧǰͻ֮͹Ųѡħ磬Ǽ֮أΪ֮еİ
ԣ֮ҲǴﵽߣԿ֤λ
ֻϧźǣǧǰ֮еһλǿǣһλĦ˹ľǿߣ͹йһξսڴս֮󣬾˵ǰ͹ˣĦ˹ȡ֮صİλĦ˹ȴǲ֮أǽ硣
Ϊˣĵλһǧɣ˺𣬵Ͼ֮꣬ʵأ㲻κεˣҲȥŭᡣ
ǰһģǺܴĳУˣҲǼΪ٣˵ûУԵñȽ塣
УҲ廢ǡ
廢ǣʮʵģ֮д˲ѡעΪ廢ǵĳΨһЩʵˣ߱λµˣŲעΪ廢ǵĳ
سſڵˣҲǰλʵﵽʥ򾳵ʵߡ
ƷߵſڵʱЩسҲԵر⣬ϾƺоƷ˵ʵԼƷ߹ʱҲǴѺõЦ⡣
˿Žྻİ£Ϊ˲鷳ص԰ɴס°ǽμ͸ʣȴ޷סġ
ƷǰһλЦǺǣλãǷǰ廢עݣ
Ҫȥλ֤ˡƷЦ
λ֤
Щһ˼־⣬ܹλ֤ˣǿɶǴﵽʵǿߡ
֪ݵ㣿Ʒʵ
УȻУĻҿԴȥᡣӦ
ǻҪǷ𣿡ʵ
Ǻǣˣǿɶ廢ǵĿˣ˵ܳΪ廢ǵλءΪЦ
Ǿ鷳·ˡֻص
λ롣İ˸ƣƷǱǡ
УҲԵüΪ壬ֵ߶ʱʱЩĴѲӡƷ˵ĳ֣˴඼еΪĺ档
棬ҲһЩֻⶼܲҵռƷǵʱҲǷ׷Ͷȥ΢ЦƷֻǺҪȥǵĵ֮ʱɷ׷Ȼҡͷ
˿ƽУȤ
ʮǵĳݣرڷ֮жǼΪģ廢֮رҲò˶١
ΪʱȣƷʱδҪȥ廢ǵĻǿߣһֻΪȥõλ֤Ψλߣſʸμⳡᡣ
ֻǣƷ̲סʵֵܣ廢ǵľһֱ𣿡
ǰԴϳ֮廢ֻλλ˵廢ˡԭҲǷ֮صˣܵõݣԱһֱҲɡ̾ʵҲ廢ǵʵ̫ˣ֤ͨλߣҲҲǰɡ
ޣԭƷڨڨһЦ
Ʒ廢ǵ飬ҲĻشƷȥ˽廢ǣֻû뵽廢ǵľеĻҪ㡣
˲ã˳潨ĵطǱᡣ
ʵǿʵҲǿڸноݵ㣬Լǵ廢Ҳ档
ǺǣˣˣиˣҾͲһͬȥˡεЦϾɲܽĵط
лˡƷЦЦֱֳŴƷʯݹ˵Ҹıɡ
һû뵽Ʒ־˴󷽣ֵ̿⡭ʵ̫ˣĲ£ôҪأⲻҵľ֮Ͷѡ
ⶫҶǣúžǡƷӲŴƷʯȻ뽭ȥ
ãеŴƷʯһ㣬廢һܹõŴƷʯжķ
ʱƷѾڡ
棬һԵ侲ģˡ
Ʒüͷ΢壬ſյĴнʵ𣿡
þãδ˻Ӧ
磬治û˰ɣСʵ
ƳǾ˸еˣû뵽ỹġ˿Ϊ˵ҪΪҪһԼʧȥļ䣬ǻԸƷһͬǰ
УѾˡƷ
ˣɻ
ţб㴫һɳƵǺǣѾܾʱˣǶλ֤İɣ
ѭȥǴеһƫ߳һλ׷ԲԵߡ
λߣ׷ͯգŰɫؿڷϹһŰɫĻ£۵Сǡգϴº͵ЦݣƷǳֵʱҲм⡣ϸϸĴƷǣＷϲ֮ɫ
ƷҲڴǰλİߣƷ羪ȵǣû뵽λߵʵȻﵽλ߽׵ʵⲻ֮Ϊصᣬ廢ﶼλǿߡ
ãĸ𣿡Ʒʵ
Ϸа˹ΨһĸˣмλҪλ֤أʵ
λƷԵĽֵ֣Һλǵ˻ҵѡ
ǺǣȻλ˹΢΢һЦ
Ǹν֤Ʒʡ
λϷɣǵֻ鷳ʱȺ򡣡˹ص
õġƷ˵ͷ뽭һͬȥ˿С˱ʱڴеȺ
ȥĵطֻԭȰ˹ʱǵƫš
߽棬һȽϴķ䣬ҲԵúܿտ˰ڷһЩ֮⣬м䴦פп׸ߵİɫʯӨ͸ŨӦǧƷʯ졣
룬ƾɫʯҪǧƷʯ죬ɼĲƸֵжôǿ


1109 λ֤
Ǻǣǲʯڲ֤ߵʵԳλǿȡ˹ָǿʯЦֻҪȫйɣɽκεҲǲԵĹ򡣡
ˡƷ΢΢ͷ
˭˹ʵ
ƷԽ˵ֵܣȥɡ
ֵ˵ͷߵǲʯ֮ǰ˹˵һߣĶŽ֡
ǰǲʯȭͷȭͷжٶǿҵĽâ
λףΪ˹
ţִһȫȭǲʯ
飡
һ죬һȭǲʯϵʱ򣬶ٶҫ˵İɫâ
һλ֤ͨ˹Ц
ͨˣ£ϲѣΪһλǽ룬ڿԸԳˡ
ջȭͷǲʯϵİ׹Ҳʧ
ƷֵܣͨˡּЦ
Ǻǣϲ㡣ƷҲܿġ
ˣСֵܡ˹ЦƷ磬Ҳð˹ΪɻġȻоƷֻλʵӸоڸŰ˹˾ǲ򵥣ﲻ򵥣˹Ҳһʱ˵
õġƷЦЦߵǲʯǰ
ɣƷ翪ʼϸϸ˼ԼʵѹƵλн׵ʵ²⵽˹ܻԼʵƷҲֻڲʱһ׵ʵˡ
ۣȭƷվڲʯǰ̧ȭȭͷϷǿҵĽ⣬֮ǰĽֻҪӵǿҡ
λнף˹Ϊɻ
ȣ
Ʒ͵ȫȭصĴǲʯϡ
飡
һǿҵ죬ǰĽһȭҪࡣ
ţǲʯϣҫҫ۵İ׹⡣
üһ˹˫ۣƷȻǱһЩʵϲЦλ֤ͨ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ԭء
ЦǺǵ˵ƷֵܣѹʵôǿԭʵѾﵽλɱҶǰ
ҲƷһЦ
ϷɹϲˣλѾɹ֤ͨˣʽΪλߡ˹ЦЦֹǿҪŬǼԽߣȨҲԽ󡣡
ش˵֮Уλߵݣλλ֮䣬оŸ׼λǼҲ˷ΪŸǼһλλ׵ʵλλ߽׵ʵ
ллһŬġƷص
ˣȻѾɹ֤ͨˣǱѡˣѡҲȫƾɵġ˹ЦЦбԳĸС£ĸµɫԲͬ
ĸʲô˼Ʒʵ
ǺǣΪԼ֮⣬ͬ˻δ񡣱źɫĻ£ıĻµλҲǿעΪĹǡħĳǵλݡ˹ǿźɫС½͵
ɫأƷŰ˹еһɫĻʵ
ɫı޻ʵµλźɫĻǳλǶǿѡġ˹Ц
ɫأŰ˹һɫСʵ
Ǻǣ⵱ȻǴˡ˹΢΢һЦǼթһ㣬£ƷǣǿɫĻЦᣬʵǲĴʼ˿ǰ͹ԸĻ̻Ʒʯǿ޷õġ
ޣԭˡֵ˵ͷѯʰƷ磬ɼƷʯԽֵջҲͦġ
Ʒ絹һƽӣʵ廢ǵλأ
廢ǡ˹ԵЩ⣬ĵĽ͵廢ǲҪΪ廢λĻҲɵõɫΪɫǹڲޱУҪϼ룬Ҫȼ֮ſõ
ɼ廢֮صĵλʵ̫ҵˡ
ǺǣôҪʲôɫĻأ˹Цеʵлصػ˻еǿɫ¡
Ʒ붼û룬صҪɫġ
ɫģ˹һ£ƷѡеΪ⣬û뵽ƷʯջȻƷûЧ
ҲԵЩźֻƷ磬ȻҲᶨƷѡ񣬸ŵҲǣҪɫĻ¡
ʵƷ֮ѡĻµλҲΪ˽жƻϾ˴ǰ֮ҪԸĵˣĻҴ˴ǰȥʥǣ˵ҲӦûֳһҡȻƷصᣬΪ˶ԸĻòѡΪĻµλ
Ʒѡ񣬰˹ЩʧҲƷǵѡЦǺǣõģǵѡҲɵģĻҲǷǳǿġ
ţ˹вֳһźɫĻ£ҲһǣһֻһǣֱݹƷǣ˵ѾĻµλˣǵЩҪȥϲĻϽĳעᣬܳΪĻµλ
õģллƷһͻȻʲôЦʣǺǣˣɷй֮ϸͼ
Ȼ˹ЦЦеĿռָԳһŵɫƤͼݸƷ磬˵ͼϷر͸ģҲֻ˵ϸĵͼˡ
ƷùǵͼϸĿ˼ۣͼ¼ĸطȷʵǷǳϸмʵ̫лˣŵͼԺҲˡ
ǺǣСֵܣϷʵ츳ܲԸĻϷرϼ룬һƷʯΣ˹ʵǲҪ£Ʒ硣
ƷʯȴǾ˼ˮһƷʯļֵɱһٿƷʯжֱʰ
ƷҲһ£ܸоλ˹ܲ򵥣ҲȽϸߣϧǾʯջԶԶûбջԴƷ绹лĺƷˣһϲɺɫĻ¡
ǿɾźˡ˹ڨڨһЦƷֳһνӣҲǰΪ𾪣һƷʯѾĵˣȻ޷£Ʒ磬˹Ҳֻܷˡ
ǸˣĺˡƷǸһЦ
ǺǣԺʵнȵĻٽвԣʱҲǿѡתġ˹Ц
ʱ˵ˣҲǻܼءƷЦ
λҪͣ˹Цʡ
ǻҪлݻˡƷ繰ֵ
õģλߡ˹ص
ţƷ뽭ֱ뿪֤ңڵȺеİ˿һ뿪ᣬǰʥǡ
Ʒ뿪֮󣬰˹ߵǲʯǰһᴥŲʯֳһϸСѺۣ̾ϧˣܹǸжá
ʵŲʯܹһİܹڲʯŪѺ۶ԲˣʵССλô򵥡


1110 ʥ
ʥǣڵλ֮صв廢֮仹ǷǡΪԭǣΪħĳǣ⼸ǶȽϽģ֮еķǡ
õλ֤֮Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳Ʒȱ𸮣յͼϵĵʾٷʥǡ
ʥǵĳ⸽֮ʱƷǱ˳ʱգλ֤ݶڸǵĻ׻Щ鷳
ϾƷеĻµλݣǳ֪Ļµλǣضе顣ֱλݲμᣬҲûʱȥϸƷǵˡ
µ˳Բκε鷳Ʒѵ
ҵǲʲô鷳λСͱȽ˵ˡ˱۰˿˵Ͼ԰˿ɫ⵽˳˵ջҲġ
Сܵܣ⻰ʲô˼˿õŷˣһֱҲֻз˶԰˿Ϊδ£ֻǺܲˬ˿Ʒ̬ȡ
˵ò𣿺ö˶ȥ£һλŮӸʲô˺Ļص
С˵ˣúעǡƷ۷ˣּΪΰһİ˿
СֹţҲ˵ʲô
ţƷǱϵϢʥȥ
ʥǣȻ֮صһǣȷ㹻ɡ˳Ǻΰ޴󣬸ߴʮɣһ̾أռݷΧס˿ڡн䱸ɭϣǸͨеˣʹˣһλǿߡ
ʵ֮صķ඼ܲΪϰˣţ඼ԸħΪµˣֻҪﵽλʵԽĴرǼµλһֻԹ֣˻Ըȥ̿ңڡ
ö֮ҲϰǺɫ
ûձ鶼ܺɫŮż̰ڸū֮ڵġ˵Ļ۸ȽϸߣūĻֻΪйĹߣԱȽʵݡ
ȻвȻϲ۸ߵˣǴŮĻ۸ߡٰһĻΪЩв׼ġ
ʱƷһѾߵټĳǰֳǣаļ̾šʥǿɲ廢ǣûλݵĻϸÿ˽ŴƷʯſǡ
ŴƷʯڷ֮˵һʾ޶Ƹʥɾǲֵһˣ˺ܶ࣬ϵĽǷѡ
ͣ£
ɫƵĳסƷǣΪƷǲʲôλݣԾûôˡ
ҪǡƷ絭Ļص
ˣʮŴƷʯǳƷ˵
Ʒ˵˵ֱóôװ׼õĴƷʯʮţһ˦ֺܴӹǳ
ǳһӹǲӣ֪ľʯԶԶһԭɷݱ㲻¶һĵЦݣЦǺǣ㹻ˣλʲôҪĻҡ
ʸ¡Ʒ˵˵ճҪٰһɣ
ǵģֵҲǳİɣЦЦɫ˵˵˺ö༫ƷأֻҪ㹻ľʯʲôݣԵõ
˵ţֲ͵͵ƷԵԵó˵İ˿һۡ
ЩվƷĽֲɷŭսȭͷΪʥǵĻ¹ƾЩ㹻ýɱǰλ
ޡƷ絭Ӧ£Ű˿ȥֻƷȥʱǱ߲¶һĨЦݡ
˱СƣֺĴеĲӣ澫ľʯЦþûɵˣȻҰ׬ôྦྷʯ
⻶ϲ֮ʱһεֱӱ˺Դ
ͣ
λһ˫ӣֱӰŴѪ˳ȥ

ʹĲҽУ˫˫ۣڵʹ಻ѣΧĳֵıȥ˭Ҳ֪һ˫ôġ
̰³Ʒ簵һʱƷѽ˳档
ʥǣ̷ͨ٣ﲻ֣Ľֵʱ̶оѲӵĳǾʵȻﵽ˰񼶵ʵͨ񣬶Ѿ߱ʥ򼶵ʵԼʥǵʵжôۺ
ЩƷ粻룬Щﵽ񼶵ĳԱҲȷʵúúһʵˡʥǿʮλλʮŵֵж
ƷֵĳۣϾܹעĻλߣֻʱʱ˻᲻˿϶ϼۡ
Σ˿еʣɲססģҲƷеͷۡ
ô죿ֱɱȥ𣿡˺˷ܵʵ
ڻ˽Ҳ֪ҪҵģǻҸطȵȥμɡƷص
Ҳǡ˵
Ʒֵܣе㵣İİȫһɫֳ嶯ҪȳԼӡ
İɣղᣬʱӾԲµġƷ˵
̫˰ɡֵصһӡ
Ǻǣû£ССʥһǿӦġƷ΢΢һЦֻҪǾλƷɵĽɱ
ţͻȻһش˹ǰˣվס
ƷǵȻ֪ǽǣȫװûǰС
ֻ˲ã㿴һȺѾŭ׷ȻʮλʵŵΧסƷǣЩ˲ǳǾ
ȻںܲҪȥʲô鷳ƫƫ鷳ҪԼմƷҲúƵͣ˽Ų
ߣûүٽ𣿡˵ţһλģǳÿԵꡣ
λ꣬һһӣһǸүƷǸӶѡΪλʱһ˫ɫӾһֱûӰ˿תƿ
Χ˼λʱмɵǺܸȤڿ֣ҲͬƷˣɼʥ̡
ңλʵؿϹһźɫĻ£ǣȻλʵﵽλнס
ʶƷʡ
Ĵүǵϡͷص
ޣʶƷ䵭Ļص
ƷĮм̬ȣֲʲôλݣǵϲ˼ŭеڲʶˣ
ޣ£Ʒʡ
ǵĨ°а˿İЦλСҼأԱүܺ뿴λС׳
׳գ˿ıǵĺһ
û뵽ǵϲûһ˷ܵЦٺ٣ģҲиԵģүϲ㱾
ǵϵĻû˵꣬һȵӰȴֱ
ž
ȻһĶ⣬ֱӽǵϸ˳ȥ

ǵʹһǱĵһ˼Ȧء
ҵŮˣۡƷһȻ
𾪲ѣһƷ羹ȻҳֽѵǵϣǵΪλǿߣȻ֪İƷһǶ⣬һˡ
վһߵİ˿ƷһҵŮˡв΢΢¶һ£ɫ㱵һƷƺЩϤıӰתֻΪ䵭


1111 ʥ
Ⱥ˽Ծû뵽ʥһаԵүλʵߣȻ˵һ⣬ⲻǴ
ˣΧǵŭվӡ
ţΧʮλ£㽫ƷǸŰΧ
㿴û˵أ鷳͸ˡ˱۰˿
Χ۵ȺڣۼԽԽ࣬ѭĳǾҲǿʼϵĸ
ǵ˶ڣȻ֪ƷʵԶԶԼλʥĵ̣ҲΧǵ¡
ƷѹûǵϻֻỹδʼϲҪ鷳ѡ
Сӣλ˱ү뿪ǵϽ衣
Ҳ㣬ң˵㣬ν壬Ҳ˸صĴۣƷв
ðСӣǿƾЩˣҲҪ˵ǵŭץ
䣬ʮλǿߣɱڵֱƶǲ£ǶֵԽԽĻضᾪǵռ
ۼţȺӰ
ȻһĻˡ
ƾ֮䣬Щ˳ȥʱƷһ˾ǹʧˡ
ôˣ˾㵲ѣܹĿʧˣ;λ첻
ǵϴãʼЩˣʵݵλˣǿǶҲ鷳ʵԻ˵һЩЩǳˣǶ˵Ǽֱͻһѡ
֮£ǵϵ塣
ľһİǿߵƾʧѸٱ㴫ʥǣĴ֮ϣڷ׷ײ²Щİǿˡ
ʥֳľ֮ʱƷѶǲ鷳ģȻ鶼ѾˣƷҲʱʥ¶ˣֻܵȵˡ
壬֮С
֮УɫصһˣǴﵽǼϵλˣЩɶĺ
λ֮ϣһλɫϵӣһףӣҲĴʼˡλλ߽ס
ڴ֮Уһλ꣬ϻ̵ֳһӡǵϣɫ֣۶ԼĸһۣϾΪԼĺɫ˴¡
ǵϲ˽յ龭֮󣬽һءеգѹֵĳĬãȻŵЩλֲɷ׷
Ȼ˻еŭ͵˫۵ǵϣŭָҳ˹˴α˵ǳλλҲǴش鷳
ף֪ˣǡǵϾֵֹţͷ̧
ǵϷ˼С㣿𣿡
ǡǣôС£ʹһ⣬ҪȻв壬ʵ̫ˡǵŭĽе
ûɱǲˣ
ǡǣ׽ѵǣǺáǵϵĿή
ߣ¾ôˣҲӦò鷳´θҳԣúɫġߵǰӣְֺޣǵϵ츳ܴﵽλľ磬޵ƫƫԼĶرɫɻ˲ٵŮӡ
Щ˲ˣǴôˣҪȶЦˡһλ˵߽ǷλĴϣλĸߡ
˵üǣȻ˵ʥǣˡЩ˵ҲǽΪɣЩȥܵɣмǲش󣬳ѾˣҲȥ¡˵ʱʱǵϡ
Ǵ¾ϷȥɡǷص
Ǿ鷳ˡĻûһǱǵϣͺúôﶪȥҪٸǳʲô鷳Ļ㣡
ǡǣԲ´ˡǵηӦ
ߣһ˦˦·߳˴ֱ
ҲʥȨӵнʮλλǰǿҲλϽǳ
ʥǵĳһλʥλҲʥΨһλǿߡ
˳ڶλȺ򣬱Ͼֳ鷳ԳȻ֪ضᵽˡ
һݻĸۡô½еĵ۹ʹҲ˶Զĵλ֮пǱڻȨġҲǶģֻҪѭĹ
رأ䱸ɭϡ
ɫֵ̿ڳУԳеһλ˴˳С
֮УȺλߡ
λ֮ϣϵһλͷӣʥǵĳʥ죬λ
ݼˡͷðЩ亹
˵ɡʥ쵭Ļص
лӦΨΨŵŵѭ˴λ£֮ģһλӣЦ
λӣʥһȶļȶͬλ
ڱȶ޺øСνһɽݶԹгҪѪսһˡ
ôɫôأǱǲĶӸŵİɣȶĴȤ
ߣļ£кʸʣӦ
ǺǣǱȶԲʣ˿ɲܲܰɣһ£ǵˣǲ鷳ҲܵǣȶհЦ
ߣһ飬鷳һųе޹أߵղѡ
ˣʥͻȻˣͻȻðһ亹ȶȴǻһƤЦⲻЦӣΪЦܱ
ʥ
ǡӦ
һ¿вЩ˵ݣʥʵ
ģѾȥˣᾡЩ˵ݡص
¿ǹϵʥǵ棬ˣ¾͵ΪֹɡϣԺܹúùܺĶӣҪǳʲô鷳ͱҲˣҺ츳ʥ
ǡǣҶǷǣֵ̽̿
ʥ˵ͷһ֣صĶ˵յᣬرԭǵĪ١˼ǧ򲻿ɳκεĲںﶼ
ǣ
˻صȻ˴Ҫԡ
ˣǽЩҲΪأȶͻȻʵ
ߣǾ͵úúõЩ˵ˣ˲ԸκȤʥߵȻʥǲ֮صһǣҲͿģ
ӢȶֺðЦֵ
ֱҧȴֲȶʲôñ׽ʲôѱȻÿ


1112 
գҲʥǾٰʢһա
һ죬ҲʥһֵʱÿٰһΣӦһЩʿμӣ򵥵˵һЩˣھһࡣ
ϽУʥǶŵƽʵĲãҲҪ࣬ɵǻҲŷһ
ò˵ʥкܾͷԣÿٰᶼܹд׬һʡ
ÿٰʢ£ҲʥΪ¡صһΣΪзֹ˶⵷ңʥеĽ䱸ҪԶϽࡣ
һҪ˵ǣǳµʥǣĻµĳһ򲻺ͣһ㲻ĳǵˣĳǵҲһ㲻мڲμᡣ
ʥô¡صһ죬ƷҲµʥǡҹٰ죬ƷҲڳĴҹ䣬Ϊʱ˻ɣƷ뽭Ҳ޹λߵݡ
ȻĴй֮УƷҲǲѾǱ˸иˡ
ţСͻȻĶƷ˵磬Ҹо˺ڸǡ
ҲоˣôҪȥЩ֪ôļһ˵
ǺǣˣǲôǸŰɡƷνЦЦٵˣʵҲǲף߱λʵ
Ǿ𣿡ʡ
ǵĿĿᣬڲǷǣҲȵῪʼʱʱٺúõ档ƷֺЦй䡣
ٺ٣ҲǣѾЩȲˡһĦȭưӣ̲סһˡ
ֵܣҲصˣȵϼӵʱҾа취ȳӡƷĽ˵
ҵĵĲҡҡͷһ˵Ʒֵܣ˵ʥǵĳʥ죬λλҵ㡭
ǺǣֻλѡƷ絭ȻһЦ
£ƷԽӵɲ⡣
ȷʵ֣֮ﷱ࣬Ʒ밬˿粢ż磬һ㣬Ĵй䡣ƺΪһ£˿ƷҲǺøбƷҲ֮ǰǰԣ̬ȱҪ׺ࡣ

ͻȻֵдһƬƬȳűӭһȺˡ
Ⱥ˴඼һЩȫڳЩ֮Умλװӣҿ⼸λݵλǲرؿλ֤¡Ϊ˵ģЩϲǴﵽǼϣһλǴﵽλ
Ҳ˵һλλʵǿߣλǿҲкüλʵǿ
˵ʵܾܿʥеĳʥ죬Ϊ˱ǷǷƷҲֻøȺ׷õ
ЩĻ֮£ưˣͷͦأܱߵȺΪСһ㣬֮ʮ㣬һ֪ЩǵĽɫ
ȺעĿͷ㣬ԭֵĴͻȻ쳣İ
˴ƷԾʱ򣬷˱㲻ǿϢ
λʵܲǿ𣿡˿۷˵
Уλһʲô֮ԱǣΪݰĻͷһɫصƷ硣
ͱСܵǿ˿İ˵
СܵҲǿˡ˵Ц
ߡ˿һȥˣԴӽ֮غѹûѺԹ
պã˿뷲̸֮ȴú
ɣذƷ磬˵ƷֵǳԽλǿߣ
ţƷͻȻʧеĽʵֵܣղλλӦþĳɣ
΢£ŴʧоѹʮǵĳһЩò֮жǹģҼǵʥλֵӣղλλ봫ʥ˺Զ
ֵӣƷֹɫأΪղλλĺܸݣȫ岻ϱߡ
ԣƷ뵽һǳص⣬ǾӦûǵǿ塣һλλƷ˵鷳Ǻܴ󣬵Ǵ˴λǿߵĻ鷳ɾʹˡ
磬ε鷳Ƚϴ󡣡С˵СʵҲֻӦλǼλѡ
Щ˵ǵͺñǳ±ϵĹӣӺˣҪõЩӵĻǱðһΡƷݰЦܹλŵʵǿࡣ
ٺ٣ҿǵǿŹӡСЦԺﲻ˸ղŵλλ
˵ţӭһˡ
ã˲ûλǿߣҲǴﵽǼϵλʵСƷ˵Щ鷳ѹֻСǡ
һˣʵһԶ˺λˣҲֻˣʮλλʵԲס
ڣỹЩõʱ䣬ƷҲû뵽ôĸǼλƷ粻òٸϻط֮أ
ƷȥõģֻҪǲǳʲô鷳ĻЩٵ˲ԽôƷԦ𸮾˶ԲƷڶ̶̵ʱͽ͵ʥǣͬʱҲ˵˹ʥ
ʱĻϺܻܿﵽʮλλȷʵҪһ֡ǲܳɹȡǵ񣬵ҲýֵӸȳ
Ϊ˲ɣֻʱȵῪʼʱʽչȡжƻ
֮Уڵȵҹ̡֮
Уرأڳ֮⣬פλİǿߣλλء
ȻܹμˣȻͿɽ롣λӵر뺯ˣ˭롣
ڳ֮У඼ЩλһװˣЩ˶һЩʿȻЩʵôƾżĲƸҲǷǳǿġ
ʱԵúƷǣķ첽ȥ
鷳ͣ£
һλλǰסƷǡ
ƷǱͣ˽Ų
뺯𣿡λűİĿʵϾƷϲ޹λǼ£ʵҪƷǵװηǳĺᡣ
ƷҲûлشͻȻֳһźɫλ£ؿϡҲЩ˼ĹһǼλ£û뵽ƾĸˣǼͱԼһȼ
ǿԽȥ˰ɣƷ絭ʵ
λ£ȻֵסƷ磬ֵ鷳λԵƬ̣ҵûȥͨһЩ
ô鷳ǾͿ㡣Ʒ罾Ļص
λƷ磬Ʒ粻λѣϾĻµλλֲţֱпٱȥ


1113 Ŀ
С
Ͼÿٰһε¡ᣬһرǵ¹ڷһҪǵϸ¡
ͻȻ
һλλʥķţˣҪ
ʲô£˵дʥ
ˣ˼λĻµλĳǵˣҪμӴ˴εᣬҲţͻλλص
ʲôĳǵˣⲻһʥǺ𣿡ʥȻסˣʣǶʲôǵˣ
֪λλ˵Ҫôͻؾǣ
ʥ˵ǽɣЩ˿йأҲúÿЩҪʲôҪţѵĳǵһ˲μӴ˴ᣬɾԲʧˡ
ǣλӦȥ
ʥһΣߵߣþͱҵϸʲôУȻǵ͵

ʱƷ뽭ڳݰĵȺš
ãǽͨλλЦ֮ǰ̬ȫˣĶƷЦǺǣѾˣҪúдǣλλȥɣ
ƷһɫĻص뽭ȥ
ԭμû뺯Ļλ߲ſɲμӣƷǴ˴εԣΨһԴ˽ȥλ
߽棬ʹۣ沼õļΪݻĴȺ˳˳ľ֮⣬Щʿλһαװǳªף̸˵ЦǶδһ㣬ĵ໥š
ʱλƷ˽ʱǿ⣬˲ΪȫĽ㡣
Ϊǰһ֮Ʒ뽭֣ǰŵǺɫλԵΪۣĵǣû뵽ƷǵǼ˵ĵͣȻֻһλλҴŴЩΪĺᡣΪƷĳǵݣҲԲƷһۡ
ƷǲȥΧЩĿ⣬ƷҪıЧΨнֵһνֳ棬ΨΨŵŵĽƷ
˿Ȼѩ׵ĳ£ɴס°ݣ˿ɢеʣر˵ĴŮ㣬˴ѡ
˿ɫĮʼվûΧκһۡ
ȻȺ֮У¶ǵһ㵵ףʱ˳Թ֮ŭΪƷǾսѵԼˡ
ףǵСĶ˵
ʲô£ʵ
ղ߹ȥЩĳǵˣǼһǵϺ޺޵˵
ǣһ㶣ʵλǲǼǴˣ
ûЩһҾǻɻҶʶǵ϶ݺݵ˵˿ɫ˼ۡ
ߣǿλ˵ţߵ
ףǵʵֺҪȥѵƷǵĳ嶯
ûǶǳĿ𣿶ҪǵĹСӿɱʲô鷳µ˵߲ˣ
ǣţٺúʰǡǵϳ
΢΢ͷѰ˼ϸЩԣλʵЩƾʧѵʵ
׼Ҫʼˡ
ʱڳейλߣԶһĴ֮С
֮УѰϯʳҲϵȵġ֮ϣرһ̨кڵţ־̨ϽС
ƷҲϯ֮УΧЩ˻ǻ׷ƷͶĿ⣬һнλλҲƷɻ˼ۡ
˾㵵ǣƷǾûһ㣬ȻϯϵľʳĴԴţ⵽˵ıӡ
Ʒֵܣ㿴ҶڿǡּΪε
ôУѵĶô˷أƷЦּʰƱʹ£ǿںƵǿԣǻζ
ƷСպôе˶ӵĶƷǲôܶƷأ
һλҲڲϵѭƷǡ
ɶǵϺɰСʵ϶Ǽһһоʹ𣿡
ףǧȷһʵǿúܣǲֹλʵǵĻصƷʵǵ֪ԶԶС
Щһˡ˵ͷɶԵǷ˵ϣ֮һҪǸ
ǣ
ǷӦ漴ȥ
ʱ֮УһƬ̸Ц֮ҲЩСƷǵݡ
ᣬҲзּġһЩĹʵλǰŵϯϣƷЩǼµλҲֻ
ãƷҲԺúõĿλʵ
Ըо֮УλߣֻһλҲƷλǿߡλߣλλ߰λλʮλ˴αλߣеλʮλ
룬ʥҲһλλߣҲֻλǿߣжʮλλǿߣѹȷʵͦġ
ǼµλǾͿԺԲˡ
ֱá
һʵʥ˵
Ȼ
ɣɼ̨ϵĺĴһλķӹضصЦ̨֮ȻǸ
Ʒ粻ȥλʥӣȷʵǾλߵʵѾҪͻһǼıԵ
ȿȡʥɤӣ漴ЦȣҵøлλμʥÿһȵᣬҴʥǸлλĹ١
˵꣬бһҵ
˶٣ʥֵ˴ݣشҶѾ֪򵥵˵Ϊþôҿġ˴εᣬشرԭǵĪݹ١
ţ˱ϯǰϵλΨһλǿͶȥηĿ⡣
ԭԭǵĳƷ簵ЦǺǣĻϷ͸Ӻˡ
ȻʥֲɻһۣĿžƷȥֵȻỹرӭ˼λĳǵѣҲʥǾٰĳǵĹǰμӴ˴εᡣ
ַ׷Ʒǵȥ඼ǻɱĵĿ⣬ЩǼµλ߶ѡ
ʥɻƷǵݣƷʵλͣɷ˺úýһ𣿡
Ʒ֪ʥʵԼЦǺǣĳССֵһᣬ˴ҲĽҪ⡣
ޣϣἸλ졣ʥ΢΢һЦ
ллǻúġƷ絭ĻصֺĳԺţ˷ŭĿʾֱӡ
ʥЦΪӲߣССλͲѱˣҾͷǣ


1114 
ݣʽֻ֮׼һЩˣרΪμӵõġ
ˣʽˣڴ˴Ҫԣ֡ʥЦЦڣͿʼչʾһƷ
˵ţʥһɫСƿӡ
˷׷ɻ󣬲֪
λ֪ʲô𣿡ʥһЦ
ʥͱˣֻҪֵĶҪļ۸񡣡һλɫӽе˱ǵĴ飬Ҳһλλ
ǺǣĪʥЦЦеСƿ˵֪Ϊλǣ֮󣬿Խָȴһ֮ͬĵֽ֮ʱһͺܻܿģ֮һλɼĸԴҺ˲ָơ

˽ԾǰҲǺĶʥеСƿӡ
Ǻǣλ̫ܲŰɣǱ͸ڳλ֤һ¡ʥЦţкȻ˰ѳȻ䣬ݺݵԼұϻһ̵˿ڡ
ٶʥұ˿ϱ㲻ϵĵѪ
ȻʥЦЦȻеСƿӣ˿֮УĵһΰɫԴҺ
ţ˱㾪㵵Ŀԭʥұƿ˿ڣȻϣұϵѪҺˡ
̫ˣ
𾪲ѣһСƿĸԴҺҲ˼ʰλλĪЩ
У˶ѡĵƷ޸ռȣ⸴ԴҺɲԶˡ
Ʒ絹Ҳһƽ⸴ԴҺȻмǿЧƷȢ
ʥĻеһСƿԴҺǼ̰ЦǺǣλ˸ԴҺЧɣҲʹ⸴ԴҺҲֻһСƿѡôľͿʼˣͼһٿƷʯ
һٿƷʯЩһȥ˵һٿƷʯƷʯֶûм
ȻˣɶвƵ
ңһʮƷʯ
Ǻǣǵһλ֣ʻûиߵļ۸أʥЦʵ
ٿţ۵ģǱȶȶ峤
ɫЩãźٿţ
ȶҧҧٿƷʯǱȶһĲҵˣȶֻѡˣĬ
ȶܱʱ򣬱ֺһȶĸоİٿƷʯ
˵ֵ꣬һ۱ȶ
ȶֱҧҲֻһİٿƷʯԶԶ˱ȶĲƸܷΧ
û뵽Ȼиߵļ۸ƺ˺İĽеٿţ
ھļ۸ѾٿƷʯλûиߵġʥЦǻϲ
ң١һͳǷǵʥԭ峤ԭλ
ٿˣ
ȫɵ˿
ƷǵǾô˴ξ޹һ㣬Ժš
ٿƷʯȷʵˣһֻֻǲʵıʥеһƿԴҺ
ٿƷʯˣûиߵģҪûеĻƿԴҺҪˡʥ̼ţȻϣܹߵļ۸
ʱĪķеľƱŰĽеңһǧƷʯ
һǧţ
ȫȻѭȥȻԭǵĳĪ
ԭһ£֪ĪĲۺ񣬶һλλ΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣһֻѡˡ
һǧţĪѾ۵һǧţûиߵģʥе
ϧþδ˻Ӧ˵ǰĪӣһǧƷʯһѹĪҲƷơ
׳ԴҺĵߣΪĪʥһǧƷʯ֮ļ۸ˡ
ǺǡĪ¶ЦݣҲȥ
λĪȻԴҺеиıչʾʥЦ
չʾƷҲһЩףҲǼңƷ˲Ƶļ۸Դ˴ĵߣǳˡ
ЩƷ˵Ȥ
ֲϵ̨ͷϵѰŰӰźȻ񣬽еҲԽԽ
ֵܣżһֵġƷο
лл΢΢ͷȻԵ÷ǳ֮
ֱĿҪβʱʥѾҲûκƷչʾˡ
ʥϣȴ¶һаЦݣǺǣֵ˾βʱˡȻڳλѵõһλˣҲΪ˽λܹûġأȴи֮Ҫ

˷׷ޱȵĺ棬ƷҲʱеľʳʼ̨ϵʥ죬ϸĵţΪܾܿͻǽֵӡ
ҲԵ쳣ĽżޱеҪԼӡ
žž
ʥ˼
ţں֮λ̴һλ˵Ůӻߵ̨롣
̨ϵλŮӣò˵λŮӳ÷ǳ޼ӣǦ衣ݳ¶ͦظֻɫԵЩ԰ףоһ㣬ʹӣҲȻβŮ֮˿֮󣬶üͷ˼¡

˴ЩѾֹסҺˡ
̫ˣҪǽܹҵ£ǸǶô鰡ǵһӣɫ
֮У̸֮ϣǴŮӵɫ
ʱѺݺݵսȭͷŭѣ
ƷѲ˽ֵɫ䣬ʵֵܣλ𣿡
ǵģһҪѰҪֺ
ֵܣȱ嶯а취Ʒѵ
ֻš
ʥһĻЦῪʼʱ򣬵ȻΪһرĸǰλŮӣرӷ֮ر򵽵ģӵо֮ɫ־ҰԣܹôΪỤ̊һ¡λģλŮӾԻһλŮ֮
ǴŮ֮ѿˮֱһЩǼλĶˡ
ػɣ֮УԭûҪħΪλߣԵЩ˵ñҰ޻Ҫ磬ǶɫջǼġ
Щʱ򣬽ֵ˫һƬѪ֮ɫ޲óȥԼӸ
Ʒüͷ壬ϸŴŰܸоЩԾ˵ĸоҲǲ˽˹ɡ
ʱʥڳһЦλŮӿǵףΪҲ˲ٵĹ򣬵ȻǵȡһЩã㽫ΪͼΪһٿƷʯ
һٿƷʯһǵͼۣǵöʥʱҲֻһƷʯļ۸û뵽Ϲƾǵͼ۾ͷ˰ٱۡ


1115 𾪵ĲƸ
ٿƷʯǵϵһһɫӡ
ûϢǵϣȻֺ򶨰ĺңٿƷʯ
סǵϽסˡ
ĸ֣ȻӶ⸣Ȥλûиߵļ۸أʥЦ
ǵϺ޺޵ıԼĸףԼĸ׳֣ԼҲͳûϷˣϾõľʯǴô
ٿţȶе
ߣҲһĽе߰ٿţ
˰٣
Ű٣

ǱľһǧٿƷʯļֵ
̨ϵİޱ飬ƺľΧһС
ʱ̲סˣеǧƷʯ
ǧ
˴󾪣ȻǧƷʯڳЩ˵ر࣬ҲòΪһʧ̫ľʯȶҲֻĶѹȥ
Ͼչ˵˻ΪҪܵġ
ƷǣҲ޳֣ȴЩɴˡ
ǧţѾᵽǧƷʯʥ켤ĽеһƷʯĶھȻͷǧܲ
Ī˶٣ٿƷʯ
ٿƷʯ
һξֵ˵ٿƷʯǱǧŵƷʯӾʯƷ˵ǧŵƷʯԸѡٿƷʯ
ڣһǼ۸̫ߣǰĪӣֹĳʥһŷЦˡ
ʵĪҪҲһӣٿƷʯļ۸Ҳû˸Լˡ
ǸСѾŵĪͬԼϵϢû뵽ҲЩ֮¡
ƷֵܡѾˡ
Ǻǣû¡ƷһЦ
գĬãʥеٿƷʯûиߵļ۸񡣡
ͻȻڴеĽߣһʵһǧƷʯ
һǧţ
ȫ׷ѭȥ˾㵵ǣں۵ǣȻĳµλλߣҲʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ뵽ǣǰ˿ļҲӦһүȻҲΪ˸˴ֱʡ
ʱҲʼˣλλ߾ͺܿǿʵû뵽ĵĻĻе
ʥҲסˣһȻƷݣĪӡ
ȻĪҲǶŭˣû뵽ССλȻҸԼǵôλӣ¡
һǧһٿţĪЩ˼־֮⡣
ǧţƷ絭Ľе
ǧţ
˴ѣĪˡ
ִãӦ֮󣬰Ц
˿İıƷ磬Ĭִ̼˵ĸоð˿еǳʹ졣
Ǻǣû뵽ĳǵλһβٱεᣬ־˵ĺˬھȻѾﵽǧŵƷʯ֪ûиߵļ۸񡣡ʥЩֵ̿Ц
һλ˶ѣֵȻȸԴҺҪӵĿֲ֪ͶЩĴŮˡ
뵽ڴˣʥõľɽξ֮С
ϳҲʷ𾪵һᣬȻһλ˾еۣʵ̫˼ˡ
ڣڳ˶ƷһλɫүˣһۺıҲֻۺıܳ𾪵ۡ
Ʒ絹һŰӣƷƣֺ
ĪǧŵƷʯ˵һʲƵĲƸҲΪǴŮΪ֮ǴȥĪȻϰܸһλλĪҲûԭǼȥˡ
ǧٿţĪݺݵ˵Ѿǳܵļˡ
ʥԾѣЦɫҪ˵ǧٿƷʯûиߵģ
˵ţʥ첻Ʒ磬ƷˣʥҲĸмƷ硣
ǧţƷ䵭Ľе
ǧţ
ȫȻǼĶƷ磬֡
ĪҪѪ̲סˡ
飡
Īصһƽǰϯĳɷ飬ͷŭƷ磬еСӣһõǧƷʯⲻںԡ
᲻ǹƽ۸ߵѵĪ䲻𣿡Ʒ۷̵
Ī۱ͻһ⵽ܴ裬һһλλŭĽеСӣ㲻һλѣҲӵ˶ľʯҪܹóǧƷʯĻ㣬һǧƷʯҪòĻ͸
˴󾪣˸ҳ׷׾㵵Ʒ磬гԣŨĻҩζ
ҾķڷƷ˵ٶȻŽǣ˾Ŀ⣬̨ϵķȥ
ĪŭѣֵƷóǧƷʯ
ʱƷѾߵ̨ϡ
֪֮أһֱ̧ͷȥۿ
һκεĸ顣
Ѿ𾪵ĶƷ磬ⲻ֪Ʒ羹ЦǺǵĶʥʵˣܷһƷʯ
ԡʥ£ﻹֳһŰƴСľʯƷʯ
ɻѣƷһƷʯ˼
ƷЦЦеƷʯٶʧǱ𸮸ƿռУƷֻҪƷʯֶܸƳ˵ǻҪһ׵Ʒʯˡ
ͷƷֵĳŭѵĪЦĪҿ䶨ˣ
飡
ĪֳݺݵĲ嵹ڵأвòҵĽͻҪ
СƷ粻мҡҡͷЦЦвԳ𸮣Ȼ˶е˼Ʒʯ
üͷҲͼŶѡ
ĪѾսǳֻҪƷòǧƷʯǰѳͻɱƷ硣
ƷɫԾţеֶ˶һΣֱӶٿŵƷʯ
˾ˣĪѾԵЩĻˣų֣亹˼¡
Ȼ󣬾㵵һĻˡ
ƷóǹĿռһһƷʯһһѡ
һӣټ̨ϣѾʯˣһСɽ㣬ʯɢĹâ˵ҫ̵ۣڳЩ˶ˡ
˿ĻĿ࣬λʵó˶ƷʯӵǿļҲôҲֻˡ
һԣҲƷͻȻóôƷʯסˣЩʯԱһмļֵˡ
ϻµľʯĪ麹ֱԭѾȻȫޣݲˣ뵽ֻˣھĪôŭҲҶƷˡ
㣬̨϶˾ʯѾǧƷʯ
ƷվСɽǰЦŲѵĪ򣬵˵Īڸ˰ɣ
⡣ĪĻصˣ֮ǰŵһǧƷʯҶ㣬Һ֪ݣɷĻµ


1116 
ڣ˵˶ΪƷĻµˣȻһλССλǲľóǧƷʯˡ
ĪôôΪأƷЦʵ
ѵҲֻĻµˡҲ²٣ĻµĺɣĪЦЦһ۰˿ֵλӦþˮСˡ
ĺˮģƷɫ£ⲻܾܿԼʧٵ
뵽ڴˣƷ粻ɫһʵôµЩģ
ǺǣĺˮС㣬˿֮еˣ᲻֪أܰĺҸʰ·磬һǧƷʯСС⣬ʱĻԭǣϤϡĪЦ
ڴеǣں޲ܹڲ۵Ⱥ뱻Ʒע⡣
Ʒϲѣû뵽ϣȻпܹԼӵټô˵ĻԭƷĿҲˡ
пնݷáƷֺĻصȻΪĻݣƷҲӡ
ǺǣˣΪʥǵĳ⣬ֻһľʯˡʥЦǺǵ˵ΪֺƷ硣
Ʒ΢΢ͷҲɴཫջһľʯȻŴеĽ˵С֣
ǡֻصǼѡ
漴һǰ㽫ɫѾľеİȥһ
ԭֽȻ˰Ǻܸ˵ģӵǰʱ򣬾ȻְԼһۣǽѾͶȥɫ
ҲȫӻˣƷе׼밬棬Ȼ׼һΪ˾ǲκεĻڣȻͻᱻ˻ˡ
ȻֽСƷ˵⡣
⣿Ʒ£ȥ֮ǰҲָоӽĿŰָоԽӵŨҡ
򵥵˵ڵİаһ㣬߱κε˼룬ֱһ㣬ǼҲ޳κε
Ʒŭʥ죺˵ô£ô
ѵ֪ˣʥȻЦǺǣΪԵˣһѱѾҵħֻҪֶΪ˰ڲūһġ
裡ⶾô⣿ƷֱӺʵ
ʥ챻һû뵽ƷΪһ˶ǲõĻصֶ޷⣬ˡ
ʲôƷŭ졣
˫һ죬лӣҪɱ㣡
ӣʥסˣڳҲǴסˡ
ʱѾŻŭɱʥ졣
ʥһмλһλʵѡһ֣㽫ŭеĽָɨ˻ȥĶƷ˵ȻҺܸӣǳµΧ㣬Ҳ
ƷɫͷѾҪɥʧǵĽ˵ֵܣúչӣ»ǽ
˵꣬Ʒеһֱӱ㽫밬УȻת֮ƷƾֳİӰ
˾㵲ѣ֪ƷΪ˾Ȼ˵ʧˣǻıˡ
оͷԣʥбһѳʲô˼ʥǵĳ
Ī嶯лԺú˵ĪȰǴĻɾ鷳ˡ
ʲôûģˣƷһǿĻʥвһ磬ΪǷֹľ
ݣ
Ʒֳ𽣣ǿƱȻ
ǿ
𾪲ѣоռѾһЩÿռʵǿɾһλλߡ
ţ뷲˵ˣҲȻǿƣȻǳԽǼϵλʵǿ
ҪΪһ˶Ķ𣿡ʥʵʵ벻ףΪĻµһλС⣿
Ʒᣬе͵ֶȥ
ݣ
һƿգˣҫŴ۵İâ
ʥɫһ䣬û뵽ƷǶ֣ԸоһΪĿֲ
£ʥ쵱һǰ
飡
һ죬̨ҵһ̨ϵľʯ׷Ʒɡ
ͣ
ʥѪɫֵĶƷ磬Ҳ𾪵ĶƷ磬û뵽Ʒʵ˵ǿᡣ
㲻Ļµʥе
ߣ㵽ʲôˣĪλλеİλλƷǵǰϾǸûĻаλʵ
Ȼܹ׵Ļʥ죬Ҳܲ²⵽Ʒаλʵ
ߣҵȻҪˣɱƷߵϷǿҵİ׹⣬ֽȥ
ʥĪһأͬʱսƷ硣
أһ
ĩɣӰֱӴӴƷɶڳϿмҵսһš
֮УһƬңȺλߣŵĽǸΧסˡ
ϣҪһսˡ˷ܵЦڵĿħ֮ѪѾʼļ
Ǻǣⳡսʤ˵ĻǾͻмջ񡣡ЦǶλˡ
ߣЩҵģһɱǣͻȻе
䣬ʮλλɱڵĳɱȥ
𣡡
ŭһħֱλʵ
ʲôħ֮壡˾ѣп־塣
𣡡
Ҳŭһ˴֮С

Ѿˣϣ֮о޽С֪ǣЩ˾Բеκ
һ£Ҳٹ˼ˣʮλλɱ
Ǵﵽλʵ˸ԶλλȶǷǵԭǵİ飬˽λʵ
ƾž޴͵ľβһɨȥ
أһ
Ƭ˲䱻ɨ˷ĩλλǾβ˳ȥ
Сչ˫Ȼδ廯ʵǿᣬ絶һâӭһλλֱӱӶ
͵ģСǶǰȥһֱӽؿȡ˳
˿̣һƬңȻڵߣʵǿᣬֵƷ似ڣԲЩܱȼֻǵλռ˼ƣҲ׵ĽЩλͨͨɱ
Щ֮Уǰ˿ʵ
˿гά˿뿪ʱƷȣ԰˿ҲԱȵλʵ˿֪ʵãֻЩǼλ֡
ֻڼҵĻս֮УɫյǵϣѾ͵͵Ĵżλλսеİ˿ȥ


1117 ո
飡
ǿ޴һ򵱹Ī֮ƣսλǼϵλ
䣡
ڼѻΪ˷飬ƷµĽ£ĶԴȥܾ֮
Ѷĳǰǿߣǿⳡҵ֮УɳΪڻңδ㱻ǲľ˺Ϊ˷顣
С裬ıոߵߵݺݵĶλλؿ
һ֮ȶλǼλ
ߣȶû뵽ǻһߵ
ٷϻһʵͬһ룬ɴ⡣ȶɫصɫ˵
⻹õѣһųżλλɱ
Ľ˵ãܱȼ
һ£ƹȻƹĹ

㵲ѣ֮ͬ䣬Ȼ׽ס
һ£еĳĺỮȥǷһλλϱ㱻ĻһѪڡ
͵ģϣһֱǷؿץȥӲǷؿڵȡ˳ת֮䣬ֿٵһԲλɫֵλؿдȥɾĽؿڵȡ˳Ȼ˿ռָС
죬һӱ㽫λʵλ
ɱ֡Ƿ۱ͻ־еȥ
ϣŭһתɱȥ
ȶѣû뵽ʵеĻҪ£λλһͬɱ
սλλǿߣλͬʵһӱԷֻƾ׿Խ뽣ʱѰһ֡
ͬҲǶλͬλԭ飬λǼϵλ
ħǿҵս־ӲλλĹȻ·磬˫֮䣬սü֣ѷ£ҲһʱѴ֣ûȡһ
Ҳ֪սʤҪԭ֮Ǽλλ֣Щ˵ʵȻһԭ񾳸֣Ǿͻ鷳
˿̣УһƬңɱը䴫ϡ
ϧƷĽ֮Уʥﾹһ㷴ӦûУдĻȥⳡҵ񶷣𲻵κεЧ
˵ǳ׵Ļˡ
֮Уǰ˿սΪģϼλλֻһӿİ񼶸⵽ţ˿ѾǱپ
Ͽ֮УƷսλǿߣڰ׶У޷չ˵˿
ݣ
һĽ˿ʹұϱ㻮һ̵Ѫڡ
ûüǼλλֳɱ˹
˿ҧһݣ³һھѪеУٶҫһǿҵʥ⣬ֳȣǻһѳһ㣬ӭųеǼλλĺɨ˹ȥ
Ǽλλ֪˿ʵȴҲ壬ͬʱӽֱǺỮʥ׺ݵնȥ
䣡
һ죬ɾײ
Ǽλλھб֮Զܵκε˺
֮˿Ѫű˽ʮ֮Զϵİɴ䣬¶ǽŲ԰׵ס
Щλһ˿ǾòҲһ¡а⣬ֻŰ˿ɱȥ
˿ɫ԰ףǷ˼־ͲЩλĶ֣˿ҲԲʹеȣڵĹССŮӣ˵ľǿ
ȻһȵӰӰ˿˹һѱĳͻȻ˰˿ۻĲϣű¶ǵһնЦݣȻòүϲ
ÿǰĽ˿
ǺǣҪĻͺú÷̱үԱүͣúģǵϽЦ
ɫ죡˿е͵һֱٶȼ죬ǵϵ˫֮䣬ݺݵĿȥ
ǵһҷӦĿ죬˿ȥ
ŮӣүԽԽϲˡǵЦȰ㻹ǹԹɣûܰ㣡
ĵĶһû¹㣡˿ֺȣĮޱȡ
УǱүֻӲˣϣǵϽеǼλλӭŰ˿ֱ˹ȥ
˿ɫеȣ׹ʢţ¾ҲԲǵǡ
飡
˿еɨȥһǿҵİâųеǵȥ
ΣʵϵĲʵ̫Զˣǵɵıƿ˰˿ȫһڵֱƶ˿Ѿȫڵֵ
֮УаǵϣеĳȴǶ˰˿ϴŻЦƺҪ˿
˿ɫһ㶣²⵽ǵϵĹƣǼλλƽţ˿
ɴ࣬˿Ǳ˫ۣƷ磡ҾͲ
أأ
ڰ˿Ķߴһıը֮죬ԼȴǺ
˿ϲѣɸһۣȴֱӱһ
Ȼǰվλ˲ˣ޲޵Ĺ򵥵˵˳֮⣬ǵͷȴǳδ֪ͷ­
ԸоǣĹֵʵǿǵ£ɵżѪʬ״ԵüΪʹ࣬һ
ûˣλλˡ
㿴ʵ˲˵ģҵòû뵽ھȻ˸סˣ֪͸ɴ಻ˣʵ̫ˡȸɥ˵аˣͷβ޵õû
ˣܱ仯ΣҲȲ˼ҡֺĴȤ
˿һͿɫֵ̿Ķʵǡ
Ǻǣ£Ƿ˵ķԸرġЦ
Уԭ˿¶һ˿мЦݡתʱȴǲ˼Цݡ
ãչ˺ȥæȸ˵
ȸ˵ͷ˰˿ߡ
׻䣬˼֮С
ƷʵչǵʵҲǵõ˴ԵʵѾﵽλʵ޹ϵĲ࣬Ǳ츳ͨǵʵԿսλǿߡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ǵ˵ֱ绢
սƣһ˫Ʒ⣬絶һľһƽһƽǰĵ˸ɡ
ƣҲܹû֮ʹõս
սսȭ׻һ˫ȭ˫ȭǿҵĽ⣬͵ɱȺ֮С
ݣ
һλλһŰ׻ݺݵն
׻ֱһֽȭͷػȥ
飡
һ죬ȭȥλеĳֱӱ飬ǿȭλؿУֱƿһѪ
׻սսȭȭͷǱҪӵǿӲ
ս޵гײ
һӾȻһ״ǿҵɫ⣬ǱĳǻҵȺ͵ײ˹ȥ
䣡
쾪𣬳ƬӰֱӱײĴҷɡ
ս޵гײ׻սȭҪӵǿ
еЩλðп࣬ȫŪЩλǿðģôͻȻ֮ð˼λʵǿλ


1118 ɱ
أأ
ˣ񣬳ֱ룬ɱǰһλߣֻҪǼλǶԺɵĸɵ
֮УҲǵĳ֣ȻԵΪ죬ǻϳЩͻȻֵǿΪƷٻЩޡ
ǵļ룬ǵѹϲѣսڡ
𣡡
һһĽâβݺݵɨһλλ޴ȴ͵ıȥצֱӽλ˷飬Ȼ
СҲǲʾ˫̵ոЩλݺݵĽڵȡ
ãȥæ޾ʾ⼸λͬսλȥЩλԭʵϷ˲ܡ
һȶڶǼλĲϾһˣڶֵҹԽĽܡ
ǵļ룬ѾʼŤתռݣȶҲòԼǰȥҲֻʣȶԸˡ
ʧȥǼλǼλѹĸҲˣȻȶͬʵĶֻѹҪ֮ǰࡣ
ݣ
һȥȥ磬оյĴ˹ȥ
һǷӦÿ죬ҪȻһҪԼ
ߣҷʱˣһָɱˡ
һĽ˵ãǾԲɴ⡣ȶ˵
ҵȻ֪㲻ҪҺȾ͹ˡص
ߣʱ򻹸ҳʲô죡Сĵһȶߵ
ٷϻɱȥŭһ𳤽ȥȶҲʾֱͦϷǿҵĽ⣬ŭս
ʩչŹĶܹ˵Ĺ
ȶʢŭѣеĹƱԽӵңĽħĳȥ
޾ɫȵӰʱʱ£ʱʱңЩâҪϵʱǹĸոպö˹ȥ
˾սʤȻû˵ֺо⵽ϷŪһ㣬һ侲ıȶҲŭ졣λλȻһλͬĶֶ򲻹
һŭȵ͵ϣֱƵǰͦһͷݺݵնȥ
ۼţ׺һնҲԵΪ侲סĹ򣬱𳤽ᵲȥ

˫ټϮľܱߵĩűĽƷ˿
иһ飬ǿҵķ֮УԱ˻ȥȻ˵ľҪԶ˼
ǿʵĶޱ˲뽣˵ãǿϣҲҪԼǿࡣ
˵ˣһﲻöԸȶǰ˵
ʵ벻װɣЩһﵽʲôˣǸһʵʵ̫̬ˣ֮кʱЩˣص˵ɾ㵵һϿеļȵķ֣λ֮ǰĻˣλʵﵽǼĳѷ֡
˵ЩѾûˣȸɵһ˵ȶ˵ʥɲܾôˣ
ǺǣȻһֱܲ˳ۣһǿҪúúˡЦʵڿɲǶϷʱˡ
ɱ
ȶȵֳɱȥ
ɫأһѾﵽսϵĬлκε֮ģڵȶ֮ǰϵǼλλսҪӵǿ
ݣݣ
һĽâܼϮĬȶȫκδϢĻᣬеĳϻȥ
ĸѹƾųԽǵ뽣ǿ֮ʵһʼûܹԼʵԸλλǿߣܹڲܵסǾѾ㹻ˡ
һߣԭɾûôõĬԸĶ֣ӵпħ֮ķˡ
ħ֮壬ӵǿҵս־ֵʵԽǿ˵սֻԽԽǿ
𣡡
ްĿһʧȥ˲µЭ㿪ʼչҵķ
ŭһȭŰ޵ؿڱֱ˹ȥޱȡ
޾һ£𳤽ȥ
ⲻ֪һֻǿӲȭͷڷĳȭȥ
飡
ޱȵȭͷڰ޵ĳУ͵ļһ׺ľϮ𵴵ðѪڡ
޾˫Žŵ棬ĦһѺ۱ˡ
ֵܣԭŭѣеĳնȻɨһ⽣âϮ˷ˡ
˫صһ̤˫ֻǰһϱ俪һǿҵѪ֮⣬˲һ籤ݰĿħ㡣
¡¡
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𣡡
ĳ֮Уһŭ֮޵壬ֱ壬ڵĿħͷŶѪɫĹâһȼա
ԭֲѣ⼸Ĺĸеˡ
ɱ
˿һ˫Ŀ죬Ӿųӭųеķɱȥ
˫˸Źĺ⣬ֱӶӭİ޶һȭɨǿȭٶӿһɾ˰Ѫɫâڶȥ
ɫ䣬ӽŵϮӿѪɫⲨնȥ
䣡
һ죬ֱӱըһ̵ľ޿ӣĹ⻪֮УһɫľӰȴǲ֪ʱѾڿգ̩ɽѹ֮ƣĳŰǵ
޴һ
£˸߼ȥ
أ
˳׹ڵأһɾ޲ʯĴɣһЩٽİ񼶸ֱӾͱЩɽʯ
˻δзӦһħĺӰȴǹӵ˰޵ǰ˻ǳѪȭͷɫеİ޳ýˡ
ȫһȭֱŰ޵¸ػȥ
һȭٶʵ̫ˣ޾ѾסˣӦٶȸ˼֣ԵĴ
䣡
һ죬˵һȭݺݵĻڰ޵ĸС

ʹһӲһ۷ףֱһѪɫֵĶǰķˣʹĸоһȭƺѾԼˡ
ͣ
Ѫ̽צ̵ڰ޵ؿڿһȭͷСѪۿֱӴ͸Ѫ֮
ͨһ
ſ־壬ĵڵϡ
ڷ˵УպѪܻŵ
ԭŵ԰ף㡭ħ
ȻҲΪǿһ̳ħһǱˡһЦȻͳԭ


1119 ޴
СͶսѾɱʮλλ
ԴӼս֮λλǾ͸Ƕˡ
սƣЩλԿֻҪһ㱻ǿƷɡ
֮׻ֿս͵ĹЩλսýп಻ֻҪǱ׻ǱƵǰǲ˵ԼҲ͵ýȥˡ
أ
׻һȭֱӽһλλ˷飬Ѫ䣬ڵҲǿȭ˷顣
䣡
Ǹּսʿһ㣬ֱײֱӽļλλײ˳ȥ
ʹ죡Цһ
ͻȻ
һλλ͵ϮĳǿҵĽ⣬ıشݺݵĴ˹ȥ
飡
һ˸ְһ㣬Ľ޷ٴһ֣Ҳ޷˵ֺ
ôܣ
λλֲѣԼȫһȻ޷ơ
͵ģתͷλҪŵλмĳս𣿡
λλѣŵòҰףƾͷųƣѾλλסˡ
ȥɣһתֱ˦һȭĻλϡ
䣡
һ죬λλеĻᶼûУ㱻һȭһƬ⽴
ߣߵ
ʱȴ˹ܣǵСر𽻴ˣǱǵ񡣡
סص
Ͼ׻սʵ̫ǿˣϲͬĶ֣Ǹ޷ǵĹֻҪǻУ߻١
֮׻ĹҲ֮ǰǰĿ񱩣ǺܱĽЩλǿȡ˳
ģкüλλѾʼӽȸ밬˿
˵˻öԸһЩ
Щλɱȸʱ򣬲Űûڲѡ
û뵽ȸֶθӲ̣δƽȸϸбֱӻһѪĻ棬ɻ濴ʲô
ǣЩ˲ΪȻĳǹɻӽնȥʱ򡣿ֲһĻˣЩ治޷ȥǻеĽΪĩĻǵӶ

һƬƬĲҽ֮ЩյλյһɶȫʣΪһƬںڵĻĩ
ߣ˵ӵķҲ뵲סҵ𡣡ȸߵһŵɫЩҰ׵İ˿һЦǺǣ˼˰ɡ
˿ԣϾԭҲһλʥŮɱ˵ֶθûӴһʱð˿÷θѾ˵ˣһԵԵȸһľ롣
УɱһƬ
û뵽ǲʮλλʵߣȻóʮλλú޷֮ǳЩνİǿߣȫǳΪڻҵģ񼶵սԲܲģٶ˶ûá
ԭʧȥ˰޵ЭսϷ˸Ͳ֡
һȭһȭٳǧȭӰҵĹƣԭۻңˣκһֵķ֮ûС
ʵԭЩ֮ҲǺܵùģǶǳμģû뵽ȴɱ֮Щǿ߶֪ðģ֮Ƿһ㣬˾ɱ
ڣԭ̲סˡ
͵ģԭһһʯ˷ˡ
䣡
˳ȭ磬ɵı㽫һľʯ˷飬һƬ̳
ݣ
һĽƿնƵҪԭǳûԷչ͵ϮϬĳŶĽ⣬ֱ˷˵ؿڡ
ĶԭһֱƶҲ㣬ֻǱＷ˶ĸе֪
˿̣ԭѾκεĺ·ŭһֱͦ˹ȥ
ݣ
ĳȥ˾͵һץȥ
͵ģȵĿסǳϬĳǽ˵ĸһ̵Ѫڣ˾ǿŽǳĽƸֹҲղڷ˵ؿжסˡ
ԭɫĵɴ˫ۣǰķˣ˵Ƿ𣿡
Ȼôڵ񡣡Ǳ߷һĨЦ⣬ӥצĶ֣ݺݵı㴩͸ԭؿڣȻڵȡ˳
ԭ۷˾
ллˡ̵ֱһŽԭ߷ɣս˹ȥ
ʱȶĬϣѾ˺ü˿ڡ
ٺ٣һѾŲסˡЦ
ߣû뵽ұȶȻȶſڴŴ˵һöˣ
ݣ
ֽеĳɱ
Ѿ˷ʩչŹȵǵ
ͷ֮УҲԽѡ
Ȼ
յĶܹϬĳȥ֮ʱյıȶѿ͸켣סΣ佣̡
ˣ
һϼһɲѰ˵ȣʩչƺѾǿ͸ˡ
ȥɣȶһ׺ݵĳؿڡ
ɱңûţһӽһɨȥ

⻪䣬ȶԱ𿪡
ûü÷ȴֲ֪ʱѾߣ˻ң
˵꣬һĲն˹ȥ
Ҫĵɴ˫ֻۣĿһֱƶȴֿ
ۼһͿҪͷ­ȡʱ
͵ģһĺӰ˹ȻһǿȭֱӶڵе̫Ѩػ˹ȥ
飡
ʹһ֪ʲô飬ԴǱһɾĹԴ챬ѿһ㣬˳ȥ
ϣһ֮
㣿ȶ󾪣ԶȥȻֵڵԭǵʬ塣
λ𣿲˼Ѿˡ˵
˶ŭһҡҡλεվͷԻеЩ̫ѣŭѡ
鷳ˡȶص˵
ߣѾû·ˡ
ǵģѾûκεĻˡĺеĳ
ߣҲùĽеڵѪҺǷȼڵ
ȶҲ֪Ѿûκε·ˣҲȼڵѪҺ
ɱ
˫Ŀ죬ɱȥ
ڣȶҲɥʧԭ侲ʵĲ£ֻѡƴˡ
ǴΪмӭսȥĴλǿߣսһš
ӣӣ
Ⱥ֮УͻȻ˾е
֪ʵļ£ûκεս⣬ȻĴȥ
ߣߣһ޴͵ĳ𣬳ļ̤ʮλ񼶸أǽ嵲ӴȺ֮ǰ
ౣ
С˻һԾ𣬷ǿҵĽ⣬ǻһֻ޴ޱȵĻƽ
䣡䣡
һִĽɫӴеȺ¡
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һޱ֮ʵİ񼶸ֱڽ׵ĺըɻҽʵ˵õλҲƵòֻʻˡ
һ̣ľˣ޵赲Ǹ޷ӳӳȥ


1120 λս
¿е̾ľޡ
Уˮ֮У޴ӡ
Ͽ֮УͬΪλʥĪ򣬶սƷãսʤƷ硣
ʱʥע⵽¿е䣬˫Ŀ죬ΪǳױˣЩδ֪ǿߣҲɱλ븮ڲҰҲʱԵ⡣
㵽˭ʥʵ
˭Ҫ𣿡Ʒָ𽣣ȻһЦ
ʥԩ޳ΪҪ֣οﻹǵѵҪս𣿡ʥʵŭѡ
ȻʵѾ߱˰λľ磬ҲǺ𾪣֮оȻˡԲĶ֣ϽǻǽĻ壬ĻҲԲŹǣʱǿɾҪ⵽ƲãҪúĪ˵ŭѣμᣬû뵽Ȼȵù֮¡
ΣҪΪǵĵˣҲûǣƷ粻м˵
ΪλͿ֮каԵˣʥҧгݵ
һ£Ȱʹ˰֣Īһһ͵˵ǵ㣬ֻ֪ǰƷʵ˼򵥡
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磡
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Сӣݣ㵱ҪǸϾɱ𣿡ʥŭ
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㡭ħʥʢŭѣ֮Уǿж˵ǽɡ
ǺǣħΣЩ֮ĨνλߣЩħеѡƷЦ
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£ʥ֮ǿֹӣڵעڽУҫŶĿĽâὣǰ
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ʥ쾪һУѪڵ㼱ٵ˳ȥ
ʥֵܣĪ󾪣ȥ
ûأƷһȥ𽣣ֹתȥƣǽĪȥ
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Īȫ˽ĿסǷ𽣡𽣾Ҫ֮ʱĪŭһżе𽣱ն˹ȥ

˫һ⻪䣬˹ǿƲǿӲĿռ䣬˫ĽŤмѡ
Īһ飬һһ֮ҲԵЩܣб˳ȥ
ת֮䣬ַɻƷС
Ʒ𽣣ɫĪʥ죬˵û뵽ǵʵеĻҪǿ࣬ܿϧǲҵĶ֡
ȻΪƷ絣Ŀħ֮ͷųϢ̫ǿʢƷע⣬ȻƷѸɵʥǡ
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֪ǱûشһЩ⡣Ʒ
֪ʲôĪʡ
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λˮĵʲôݣƷʡ
ǾͲˣΪ֮ơĪ˵ڸ˰ɣҲûشǵˡ
ȻƷЦЦصô½еˣĿģҲɱɱˣЩ˵ѡ
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˵Щδ̫˰ɣʥɫһ͵һɿֲȵϢ򣡡׿ռ䣡
Ȼ֮䣬ʥϣ֮ʮ򣬱ӿһӴ׻ֱӽƷŵס
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ܵ׻Яޱȵĸ£ƷռУ͵׻𣬹ĳƷӡ
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ҵĿ׿ռУǾ޷ӳȥģʥЦ
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ʥҲĪı壬Ѿֵޡ
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1121 ʽ
㡭ôܣĪ򾪿ֲѡ
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ߣǾͿʲôͣĪһʹ׻дڵޣȵɱ
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СƷ֮ԱǣЩνľ޻ΣԼ޿ռɲǲһǰ㡣
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ʥĪ򾪺ѣȽֱδţĽâϮ֮У˲һߵֵŽԶˡ
ĲΧ빥ʵ̫ǿˣǸ޷ǲȥӲ
̼䣬ԭХųеľޣĺϮ֮£ͨͨΪ˻ҽ
ƷǰôСƵʽԸңҾⳡսȤ
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ƷԵЩȣֻǾȣ޷
ҵ֮У޵£ûκʵڣǵҲƵġĪ˵
ƣƾЩСԸңƷӵ
ĪŭŭһųȺޣųУɱڵıƷ硣
飡飡
ȺľޣȻԱĹʽڳƷʱ򣬱Ȼ׷ױը˿ŭ׻ݺŰ
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ѪŰĻ壬ԻΪ˷顣
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һ죬ĿռУΧĹ׻ܱɢ˿ȥ
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ȻƷ֮¶ʥһǱӰ
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ȻƷ˼Żľħ֮ʥǾһַûС
ǺǣôڸоΣƷȤζЦ
ҵģʥ޺޵˵ڵѪҺȻʼȼڵڲϵš
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ɡĪˣ֮УЩΪ߸ϵλ˭
ʥ첻һˣǽһǳҲԲĹʥ죬ʥеŭʢǾԲƷġ
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ĪϾȻǿҵĽɫ⻪ڵѪҺȼţҲڲϵţ˫۷Ѫ˿ķ
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ϢռֹҰ׵ĹâžϢޱߵİ׹⣬̼סеһС
Ƿ׵Ĺ⻪֮УʥĪǴԭزֻۼ˿־壬Ŀ־塣


1122 ʧ
׹⣬εĻ棬ռڹ⻪֮£𽥵ʡ

ĽʥĪҲƴ֮ȫڵͷ˳
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䣡
ҫĽ⣬Ȼ׹ݻ١
ʥ˾ֵĵɴ˫ۣʹĸоһεĽ͸ͨ壬˲ѣֻʣһ
䣡
һ죬еһУƺݻˣհİɫǿ⣬̼ס
Ϣ˸е
ɱ
ǣҲĳ䣬еλԱѹǣ޵㣬Ǹ޴ӡ
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֮һϵӰָ𽣣ն֡
ʽնȻǲƷüȻȥǰ֮ʥĪǱѵš
û뵽ʽĹʥǾȻûȥֻҲͲԶˣڵѾȫĴˡ
˾ֲѣȿֲεĽ޽УĵҲǲֶãֻ˵ǰ˵ʵǳĿֲ
ʽǸĽƷʵ㹻ˣʩչǲ˳ЧѾǺܲˡʥȼѪ֮ʵԶԶ޷ֵʽĹ
ǺǣǵȻܶƬ̡Ʒ絭һЦʥ˵ɫ顣
㡭Բк³ģԲŹǵģʥ
ߣ˵ҲᣡƷһʵħ׸ν⣿
ǺǣħʵҲһô֪ģһû⣡ԸǣĻħ壬б¾ȥĻҪ֮ʥհЦ
ģĻҪȥġƷľ𽣣˵ˣֻ˵ǺܵùǵҴˡ
룡ĪͻȻ͵ıһǿЦ̫СˣҲᵽҵ񣡡
Ʒһû뵽Ī򾹻ӵԱ
ݣ
һһһ㣬ƿնȥ
ͣ
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ȻĪǰƷ磬лһ˸ŵ˵˵ˣֻҪҪĶûеòġ
ܡĪ˵ƷһٶȾ֮죬ԱĻᶼȫûС
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һԵʥ죬һĻ֮ŵҰף㡭ɱңȻһڵġ
ڣûҪɡƷ
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MDʥⱰɵļһȻҰһƷһȥڵԪͬʱͷŶעڰϣȥѹǹɺڻ
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һᾡġƷص
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絶ںڻеİ޲ȥذܵʹࡣ
һ̣ƷɫҲޱȵأƽһνӴ֮
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ʵɺڻƷȫ֮µĻЩѹסʵ̫ˣǱĳ֧Ų˶á
ֽţÿʹһֵ֣ؿھǱݺݵĴһʹ֣ϧȴֻ۰Ͱ͵ĿŰܿ࣬ϣȫ˰ϡ

˺ѷΰĲҽţںڻʹޱȵݲҰףȫ鴤ھĳ֮£嶼챬ѿˡ
ģƷ簵һڵ˳άŰ壬ڼ޸ռ£ʹǼࡣ
Ʒ粻ҳκһֵĲڵԪϵĳڰڣѹǹɺڻ
Σڻʵ̫ˣƷǿԵѹƣ޷ȫĽǺڻѹȥΪɺڻӵһԴԴֻҪܵѹƣֻڰڵһȼ
ѭ޸ռάҲزסˣǣľ־ϾҲֻһŮ֮ѡ
Ʒͷֱð亹ڶԸǿĶһ㡣ֻǳ֮ƻڹڰĴƷԳ׵Ľڻ
ޱĿԼӳżʹ࣬ɫҰףѾҪˡ

ƷǺڻǿԵʩѹ
ͻȻ

ҽһ뾫־Ҳ޷ܡ
Ȼ󣬰־ʼʣȻʵĺҲֻʱԵѡ
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תƷɫȻֵܣԲ𡭡
һǰѾֹͣʹԵ˰İȻƷ˵ʲô˼
ģԲġʹҡͷ޷ܡ
ȥɣڵħǿסʵˣǿѹƵĻ¾ܹѹħҲ޷֧ȥˡŻʱ䣬úϧɡƷ米˵Ĳֻ̣ǺݺݵսȭͷʹԼȻûȻԼֵܵӡ
֡
˵һƺѾָʶ

ֽеĳ嵽˰ǰֽıס
ʱɫ԰׵İ˫ֵۣʱϱ¶ҸЦݣ֡ҡҾ֪㡭һҵġ
Բ̫ˣԲ𡭡ʹţʵˮ˰ǲ԰׵ĽСһĻŴҲ޷ٵõ
ҡһܿ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡЦˣɫ԰ףЦų޷ݵһ
˵ж᲻ᵯʧȥֿ֮ʹ˭ܰѳŲأ
Ʒ簵̾һűʧУ㹻ദʱ䡣


1123 ɱ¾
˿̣ڳУʬҰ
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˶ȶԣȶȼڵľѪʵ֮ǰǿƴһʱҲȡʤ
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ݣ
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ŭޱȣеĹҲԽԽݡ
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˵뽣Ļйḻɱ־ټϰƷ繦ȶȼ˾ѪҲռϷ硣
ңս֮£ȶʵʼڲϵļ֮ĹȴԽԽɱУƵñȶм֮
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ȶѾȫɥʧԭе侲־÷Ϊɱ־˵ȶ״̬Ƿǳġ
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ȻѿҪĥĴıȶȻмƣΪˣȫ֮ڳϬĽâޱȵɱ⣬¸
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սʧȥ侲ԵķĴӱȶĶȻ㴫һХĽâֱ֮ƱȶĺϮ
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΢һ£Ǳȶ¶һָסˡ

һݺݵ˱ȶĳϣϾȶǲִԵӭԶԶ˲㱻˳ȥ
սǱıȶһСˣҾԲٸκεһλᡣ
ߣ㲻ҪڵѣһлᣬǾǻȶһ˫۷Ѫ˿ڵҵĲһԶԶԽλϢ
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ˣȶ׼ҪԱˣֹˣðȻȥĻܳԿֻͣա
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ǰĻֿܲ׻κһ˵Ķ֡ŲȽ׼֮󣬽ڿԾ߱λʵ
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ʱҲκζܵ˼վԭزƾƣ׻ѡ
Ҳ׻ǵս⣬еĹͽȻͣһһ㣬סĴ˹ȥ
ƷǾվһߣЦǰһĻȻ֪ԽλʵԸ׻ȫû⡣
ݣ
һɲ֮䣬İѳȻĳϮ͵Ҫƽʱ򣬽еĻͻȻһ
͵ģһһԲ״ӿԳһĻӭųе׻˺ɨȥ

׻һδн֣ȻоǰȻһɿֲһ˲ݻǵĹߣűһɿµĽ
һ̣׻Ҳɫֵĵɴ˫ۣѾɥʧκεķ޷סǿĽ
ۼ׻Ϊܾ⵽ش֮ʱǹɽƶĽͻȻתΪһɻ͵Ľ׻Ǹ˳ȥ
Ȼ׻ǱԱ˳֮ԶǺˣ𾪲ѣȫ亹ǸղǽҪϮĻǾҪɥˡ
ֻ˵ֵʵǿǳԽλʵȻҲɵƿغýĹ
˼ˡֵֹеĻ
׻£ƺŷӦ˴һۣͨһ˾ǵȹأǹ˵ݼˣ
ʲôˣȻæ׻ЦǺǣȻȡ컢ֵеλãϣҲܹΪǵֵܡ
ֵܡ׻ж
̫ˣôֵѾͨǿ˰ɡƷοһЦζ廢ǵҲĽˡ
׻תƷһһм˵лл㡭
ؿ컢ҲƷֵܡƷЦ
ǼλǿǵҲˣ˷ܵЦ廢֮ɲ֪˶ٵƷЩǿߵļ룬廢ǿüˡ
˵ûڻʱ򡣡Ʒص˵廢ǵʵɥΪǵʵҲʱܱ¶ȥȻΪжڻǺͻʱ򡣡
ƷֵܷģǶףԲὫǸ¶ȥ׻˵
˴ҲҪ廢ǵĻɽֵλСֵƷ˵
ǿԷģҪ廢ĻұЩ˾Բܻ뿪СظЦ
ϴ鷳СƷССԸҲֻǺͯԶѡ
֪ˣ硣СֹŻص
ˣҲ͸ˡƷ繰ֵ
ô죿ǻûúдأһɣȻ˵ȥ׻ͷЦ
ǺǣҲáƷЦЦʱҲرļ廢һ졣׻ǵĸоֵ


1128 ɳĮ
뿪廢ǣƷԦ𸮣Ű˿ŶǰС
Уȥ֮أҲĻĵΧƷ粻ֱУֻܱܺȫļԦ𸮣ص
ֱ˽ʱͷƷ缸Ҫɱ֮أ֮һΪرĵط
ǱɳĮ磬ɳĮء
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ޱ޼ʵɳĮǻɫĴˣɳͬǴеĲһ㣬ĹâƬɳĮ֮У͸һ㵭Ļް֮ɫ
ʱ֮УӰӰȻ̤һѰ˵ȡ
㲻ɣȻֵطҾͲףֹطʲôرҪ飡һλ³ྪ׵ŮĽе
ǺǣһλǸطŻҪĶһλɫЦǺǵĻص
ûˣһһŮƷ밬˿ˡ
УʲôһЩɳӡ˿ĵ˵
ͲˣطʦҵģұһˡƷصĦ˹ľҲ漰֮صܡ
أҪʲô͸Ͻߣҿɲһֱֹط˿Щ˵Ͼ˿ϰϵɳĮְϢ»ִ
ƷεͷһЦԦ𽣣СɳĮеϿ޹ɰĴţƺڵȴʲôӡ
Ĵǻã˿ҲӲͷˣƷͲѰʲôʵιҵûȥģܵøʲôɣ
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ͱˣ˵˿һȰӡ
ٺ٣˵ɱŶƷͷЦЦЩ˼˵ԿףҪǴŮһѪ
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1129 
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˿ߵ֮ǰǿдＷһλƽɫѪҺѪ֮
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󣬰˿㽫Ѫ֮С
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ص֮УİޱȣֲָƷһֱŰ׹⣬ſصС˿ǲƷϿ˼֣ҲΪŮԵıܶԺڰĵִηС
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ƷŰ˿ŽݶУԸоѹҪǿʮŵǣ㣬ǿʮĻԿ°빦Ч
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ǰ͹֮ƷԸо棬ַǳĮϢڳء
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Ȼһֱڵص֮Уһ˿ҳȾеһжոµġ
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һУȴĿࡣ
̻Իͣ˸һ޴Ĺ֮УȻһƬƬʯЩʯ붼ƷϵģԿеƷƷʯҲкüš
˾ʯ֮⣬ףӦнУڸƷ
ʲƸǷ֮صĻҪѪҪ˷ľ޴ջ󰡡
Ʒӵ𸮣ЩջҲûôˣֻЩʯƷҪġ
Щ˿Ҳˣһμ˶ıչǰ˵ĶĻǶǼٵġ
ǺǣҪ𣿡ƷŴеİ˿ȤһЦ
ȻĶҿһݵġ˿ЦеĻصΪŮˣȻϲЩϾ滹вƯء
ȥãⶼǵģ˵Ļɾ˷ˡƷЦﾹȻʮſռָԼġ
ãҿɾͲˡ˿ùƷĿռָ㿪ʼ׼бչˡ
ƷȴжΪһѾĽƷסˡ


1130 ɳħ
ϲŮ˵ԣ˿ֺչЩʯΡȫŹ
ʱƷȴ۶ϵһá
һλཡ׳ӣĿǣͦΣһĺڵսףսƿһоǺǻһ
Ȼֻһ񣬵ȴĸоһ˾ηϢ˲
ֵǣ̧֣һɫľᡣ
ӦûˡƷ簵ֻ벻׵ǣΪν֮һжеô˳Ħ˹ϢѣƷɾԲС
ԣãƷҲ뽫ǾȡǳٳٲҶ֣б䣬ȻҲʵ̫ˡ
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ԸɳħƷĳǻ


1131 ħ
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ߣҲ˵սʤ㣬ɵõɡƷߵ˵ɳħ
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һ죬ǿ޴Ľһɨĺɳ˲㱻ȥ
Ʒһ㶣ȻɳħĺɳѾȥȻĸоĴǱڵǿϢ
ô𣿡˿žȵʵ
ڣӦһ˽Ƶرռ䣬ɳħеĻҪѶԸƷҡͷɫء
ôˣ˿㵵ʵּ˵ĸоܻЩ
ߣһĵҲô㣬ǺҶ˰ɡƷߵȥ̼ɳħǱڰΣķĸоҲƷеΪļ֡
Ȼ
һŭ֮ڴĴһ񱩵ĺɳӿ𣬺ɳľ죬ҵĲš
Ʒڿɳ֮У޾ɫмĽ͸ҹ
𣡡
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ɳħɵӣ֪˿ҪƷöԸࡣ
˿ɫǻеȣڵ㲻У˿ҲԲԴС
쵰Ȼ˱ɣƷŭһһֱն˺ɳľŰ˿˹ȥ
أ
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˿ɫ֣Ըоһɾ޴ѹҪѹԼ͸ʹڵͷŶԶԶ޷ȥ赲סɾѹ
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ɳħ˻һ͵̽һֻצ׺ץԵСİ˿
ۼţ˿Ҫɥצ֮¡
ĶңһƷͬԽռһ㣬˲䵲˰˿ǰѾõһǾצŭն˹ȥ
顱һ
һǿͣЯżǾצֱӱУҲȫֵЯĹ޴צӣ̼˺˿
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ɳħʹ˻һˣǺɳ֮С
תͷƷ԰˿ʵðɡ
лл˿ͷһ°ӡ
֪ΪΣڸղƺҪһ˲䣬һƷϤıӰ֮ʱڰ˿ļ䣬ƺҪˡ
㵱ĵ㣬һҶöԸƷص˵תڰ˿ⲼһԪ֡Ʒٶ뷴ӦֻҪԪܹ֧Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ʒֹɳħ԰˿͵Ϯ

Χĺɳʼǽһ㣬ľţټͨλĻƾžв
ɳ֮УɳħȻǶ档
ߣȻ󱲣䲻Ҳգˣܽ㾾Ʒһ͵ıһǿҵİ׹⡣
׹⣬Ե˵Ĵۣ˲סǿҵİ׹⣬ֲĽǱĺɳݺݵıѹȥ
׹֮УȻֳ˹ɫĻ棬Ǽ
ûһƷʩչıڶʽڿ֮ƷʹһʽҲԽӵ˳֣ڼĹʢ
ƺǶںɳеɳħҲоƷһĿ£ĺɳУͻȻɳħǾ޴ӡ
𣡡
ɳħһһںڵ׻Ťſռ䣬Ʒӿƶ
Ʒȫ׹â޵еսɳħĹһһʽɲǹ⻪
䣡
һ죬ռѶռܴԱǿֲĽȡڣǿҴ۵Ĺâеһжڸסˡ
棬ͬеһжƺͣ˰â˸һ˲䡣
˿㵵ĵɴ˫ۣҲоƷһԪֲһЩǹƾԽԪָݻ١ʵ̫ǿˡ
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һ𣬴ڰâΧ֮µɳħҲƺоʹ࣬˻šǰɫ֮УƺһɫľŤš
ƣ
һװâ֮УȻֳһѪɫĽΪһ壬ЯżƷ磬ڰâ֮УʹеĺС
أ
һУɳħ
̼䣬ʢһӿȼһ㣬˲ȼסɳħ޴塣
𣡡
ɳħʹ˻ţƺڳΪʹļ尾
Ʒе𽣣ɳħӣĻȣĽɳħӸи˿
𣡡
ɳħŭһǽΪ壬ȻֹĻţߣγ˶Ʒļл֮ơ
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ŵĳ֮ͣ߼ѹƷĴڿռ䣬оȻ˿˵Ŀ¡
ƷΪԾû뵽־֮£ɳħչ
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Ʒһ֮䣬˲Ľâ籩һ㣬Ϯ¡
ݣݣ
ĽһĽٶ£Ĵ֮СԭǾ޴ĺţһĽϮ֮£ʼԽԽСҲԽԽ
һƷһӽһתһԲ״âѱôĺţǽâɨϮ֮£Ȼ䱬ը˿
䣡
ޱ֮£Ϯǿ֮£˿Ԫһӱ㱻ˡ
Ʒѹ˼˰˿İΣ˲ȥ˵һԷ赲סը֮ĳ
飡
һը죬ԭĵţҲƿһ̵Ѻۡ


1132 
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ը֮ãԭȹ̵ĴҲҪܲסˣĴѺۡĹâȥ
˿δܾĳһ㣬ĶƷ
ȻƷľԷ֮£ɳȻȵĵֵס

һķ𣬴֮Уֳһĺ֮塣
û꣡˿ѡ
ѾˡƷҡͷһЦΪоǺԼѾûκεĵִˣһԵ쳣С
Ȼವһ£ССĺȻе֮Уɳħƿϣޱȡ
⡭ô£˿㵵ʵ
ǺǣһΪսɳħе顣Ѿɳħõ˿ԿסƷ΢΢һЦΪġ
˿סˡ
ȻıءƷһЦ
ߣΪҵ˱أû뵽ıűõˡ˿һȴǺܿĵġ
ˣҲˡƷ˵˫һеױֱӻһâƷü֮ʧ
սк飬ɽ
ǺǣƷЦЦȻΪɳħƷܣʱãֻҪûȥúоˡ
߰ɣҿɲط˿°˵
𼱣һҪĶءƷֳŻɫᣬǶƷΪջġ
ʲô˿ɻʣƷ缸ӣԴҲǸеرĺ档
¸㿴ˡƷһЦȥ
Ȼʱ
أ
һ죬ԭѲĵţȻԤ׵ıһǿ˿
ݣ
һĽűһȵĺӰǳŰ˿ȥ

˿ͫһͻоһɿֲϢѹסԼȫȻ޷ֻ۷ž־ĶǶĽâϮ
˿Ʒ羪һǻɫ밬˿ѡĻƷԻԥѡȥ˿
ԣƷûκεĳɣת㼱ٳǵӰȥ
Ʒһ𽣣Գٵٶȣ˲ӵ˰˿ǰ
ⲻ֪ǵӰƺǽĿ˰˿ϡ
㵵ķ֣ǺӰһȻֻǿʵһɱˣֿ󣬵ǺӰȴѡ˺ߣ޼Ʒ罻
͵һ£ǵӰǽƻһ㣬תһӣƺһ㣬ĶܹƷĹƣٳȥ
MDƷһû뵽ӰǳǾȥģƷҲڣϾԼİŮ˵ļֵɱǾǿˡ
ת֮䣬ƷĻ˰˿ǰ
ǵӰҲڵóѰӵУһֵĽ˿ռָУһжƺǼƻһ㣬˳֡
˿־壬ҲǵڶвҲƷڶ֮ʱԼڰ˿˺֮⣬еļ¶ҲԽӵǿˣԺǵģӰҲƺԽˡ
ʱƷ밬˿ſʼĴǰλͻȻδ֪ˡ
ǰλˣȫòΪϴһ쳣ªߣָһںɫĳƷס
ңƷɵǣǰλ˵ʵȻﵽ˾λʵȸղŵɳħҪӵǿ
˭Ʒ羯ʣһʵĻס˿Ͼﱻ˽ƣ𸮵޷ʹá
˭Ҫ𣿡ǺЦ
ʵ˵ѾŲ²⵽ˡƷ˵
ޣ㻹ͦġЦЦȴе⡣
ߣƬУܹ㾳ǿߣҲܹҵطֻĻеĻˡƷߵ
ûǱĻص
ֻ벻ף⴦طΣôҵô֪ˣƷʵһϵеȷʵƷеǳɻ󡣳Ļÿ춼ܱ̬һֱȴܹ󣬵Ҳ̫ܣĻûôɡ
𣬺ǺǣûȨҪشɣĻЦ
ãһ⣬ô½ڼٿʧһ£ⶼɵú°ɣƷʵ˫ȭա
㲻ʵ֪𣿱һĻ½κεĹϸҪʧٵЩˣȥĻƽĻصƷţҲ¶ɫ
ߣȻеǰֶҪĶ³ˣһˣ֮أƷ𽣣ɱ죬۳һɫŹס˰˿Ľ˿͵һߣеߣ
˿ĸҳɣƴȥ
ߵţ˿ȴǱһε˻
Ʒһ
Ǻǣ㵱ɵ𣿾Ȼûκε׼𣿡ĻհЦЦ㣡ľǣ
ǾͿû£Ʒὣһ
Ҫ˭ô뿪ĻЦһеĺڽһ裬ȻһɹεĽֱƷϮ
Ʒ簵ѣĻĽ裬ԶԶƷ粻Ҵ⣬һֱ¾Է
飡飡
һεĽݺݵϮƷľԷУĹ⻡⽣֮ǿƷľԷҲƿһѺۡ
ʵ˵ҪҵĻ⻹ԶˡƷһ͵һȥ֮һ㣬ֱЯһ׹⽣âĻϮȥ
Ļеĺڽӭȥ

һգ۵Ĺ˸һʮغϣΪ˵뽣ʵ̫ˣ޷塣
Ʒɫأһ˿µĶ֡ʵ£ҲƷǣƺԼÿһжĻ͸һ㣬ÿγʱĻ궼ܹһʱƿס
ݣ
ƷһȥȻͻȻ;Ľƣ߰ĳ˸ɭĹ⻪Ļؿ֮
Ļ겻ŲæһȥȵĽסƷһ
飡
еĽһ𣬷ĿһɹɾϮռŤѿˣƽĽ֮У˿µĽ
ȣ
Ʒ͵ڳһ֣˲۳һɫĻ棬Ǽ
ٶȼ죬ƷһƱӭĻųȥӿĻ֮ȥ
֪Ǽӿȥ֮ʱĻУͻȻһɹĺڻ𣬾ȻƷļֱ˹ȥ
䣡
ɫʲһĻƺΪһ壬˴˼ȴڷĵִš
Ȼ䣬ɻ汬ը˿һɾ޴˲òԷ˿ȥ
𣿡Ʒ羪㵲ѡ
ǿ֮𣬻ö֮ƿأҲһĻ򡣡ĻصɫƷеô׶Ը


1133 Ļǿ
ߣôʹû𣿡ƷʵĻԽԽ͸ˣоԼܶĻһ㡣
ʹûǺ𣿱Ļ֮ɲ˵֮Ĳٿ㣬ֻҸеܾȣǱٿǿĶ֡ĻհĻصƺûнƷ
ҾͺúһƷһֳ𸮣ֱӽǸٻ˳
𣡡
һǿҵĹ⻪ҫĴ޽Ȼ֡
ȻƷ޷ʹ𸮵ĴޱΪƷԼޣҲͨƷſٻ
Ĵ޵ĳ֣ĻȴþȣǺ̰ĶƷе𸮣¶հЦݡ
СˣһǣصʵǶоĻʵܿ¡
ˡƷ絭Ļص
ˣǶȫһ֮˵˽һսӡ
鷳λǰúչ˺˿ͿˡƷҡҡͷڵȻǵıǰ˿İȫ
תۣǻصܾİ˿ӦģͽǰɣúȥԸǼһ
ಣ
ˣ㵲˰˿ǰؽ䱸
û˺֮ǣƷſȫһս
ǺǣСӣƺаնԸĻ국Ц
аգǾԣƷɫһӸնһ£˲ӵĻǰе𽣻ԪݺݵĳĻնȥ
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䣡
˫ǿǿ⻪䣬ͽȻ䵴޴ľεĽ籩һ㣬ݺŰܱߵĿռ׷Ť˿
ǵ˳̼֮һϷ׷ҫ˸ɫââ˲һ֣ʵʵĽ˿ס
ƷĻһڵϱƳƣ˭Ҳʾ
أ
һ죬Ϊģ͵ӿֲһ𣬲ø˳ȥ
ǣƷ类˵ľҪĻԶ࣬ʵǿǳ֮ԣƷĻ껹мʵࡣ
ȻĻѴھλǧ֮꣬Ҳʣһ֮ңȷʵҪƷǿࡣʵⲢҪ⣬Ʒ羪ķ֣ԼÿһгʱĻ궼ܹһʱ䷴ӦȻӦ֮ߡ
ôǲǺܳԾĻЦ
ߣȷҺܳԾǵһν֣ΪλҸо˽ңƷʵȥĻԼΪ
Ǻǣô½в꣬һֱܸȤ˵ʱǱҪɱĻ׾ٵɱ㣬øлңڡĻЦһȻӡ
л㣿ƷĻ꣬Ϊм
㣬ȤĻԼĻ㲻ҪҪҵˣֿҹҵԺǵħ磬Ҳǵ£ֶΪĻ˵
ô˵Щ˱ɵǳˣƷ䣬еŭȼš
һǵˣѡԼʵ˵㻹ǱĶ֣Ҳװ˷ôһ˲šĻص
TMDҳʲô˲ţȻ鶼ɵģǾȡͷ˵ƷŭһеͻȻ
ݣ
𽣼ٵӳҪƽĻʱ򣬶Ȼ֮䣬𽣾Ȼ˲仯ĽӰʵԵĴڣĻϮȥ
޴Ļɫת䣬ȵӰԲѰܹһâĹĳƷƽ
Ʒ羪㵲ѣȿµĶ֣ǵһμĻ꾹ȻܹԼ֮
ػʽ򽣹һ
ƷֽὣԭӰͻȻΪһ壬һ޴ĽâĻĺ󱳴Ϯ
Ļ굹ҲԾţһתһħעڽУĵǰƷһĹ켣ȫĻ֮С
أ
һ죬޴ĽâĻħУӿֲĽĻֻ΢΢˼֣ܵκε˺
Ʒһ˲˹ȥ
ţƷһֽӹ𽣣ǿһ˺ƿһ޳ĿռѺۣŭնĻꡣ
ûõģĻ국Ļһֱӭɨȥ

Ľ֮ʱ۵Ĺ⻪ռ䱬ѿǿĽĳţĿ硣
䣡䣡
죬ԭҪ᧿Σ
𵴣ΪĿ£ҲƴȫȥֵҲԵüΪܣϾʵҲֻλľѡ
ֻΪĴڣǱˣֻһʱ䣬ǲɵԸҪ񣬱Ǳð˿ȫ
ƷһĻ꣬ڵԪ˰ıϮĻꡣ
û뵽ĻʵǱеĻҪӿ£ǿħֲĺڰƷ绹Ҫǿѹ˻ȥ
Ʒ֧ţδйأĸоħڰѾҪѹסԼʵ̫ǿˡ
ˣһǿҿŲסˡƷԺдСǾη
Ʒ統ȻҲ֪ĻʵǿԼƷͲѡѡС飬סԲһ
ףСӦ
ƷеĽͨбְһǿĽƷ֮С
䣡
ֲֺݺݵѹ˹ȥ
Ļ΢һ£ҲоƷͻȻǿ˼֣ߵʵǲֻϧҪԸĻһĲࡣ
˵꣬ĻͻȻڳһ֣һɿµĻ׶ħһ㣬Ʒ硣
Ʒɫ˳ӭ˹ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ɻ
һĻ˳ԾǣĻͷųĻƺǿɼĹһ㣬żı룬Ʒ羪㵵ĸоȻᱻǻա
ôܣƷǼĶǰĻꡣ
Ļ𣬿רų˵ĻΪʳĻԱ˵ֻΪڻʳĻЦ
Ʒ󾪲ѣ˻
֪Ļȴǳûչ͵ĻƣݺݵıƷӡ
Ʒ亹ڷֳһԪĻס塣
Ʒ罣еĹȴǴ˼֣Ļеħһ£ӿµħĳ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ڹеĿռֲıըֱӱ˺ΪһƬһƬƷ羪һѪǾ˵ĳ֮Уȵ˳ȥ
Ļԭǲм䶢Ʒ硣


1134 ƵĽ
㻹ô޴𣿡ĻܴƷ硣
ɵģû㱰ɵСˣƷĨȥߵѪղΪ˶ԸɳħҲ˲ٵԪڶĻҪǿĶ֣ƷеΪĳ
СˣСĵ㣡һ⣬ʶκм˵
ףƷ΢΢ͷγǲ֪أŭĻ꣬Ҫ׵ĽһܣҲô׵ģ
𣿡Ļ국Ȼǲм
һʽƿգ
Ʒһһ˺ѿ˿ռ䣬ѵĿռֱһǿҵѪɫâһϵѪɫȻ֡
ಣ
ƷֳֽѪ֮Уڵͳ£ҵŤſռ䣬ֱĻꡣ
Ļ꾹Ҳ壬һڻһһ㣬ճһƺԶŵħһ㣬ħͳ
ĻȵӰȥȻҲǾ֮С
ƷǾ㵲ѣĻһУƷƿƺ֮ͬҲǴⶼģĻھеʱǾҲ͵ǿʮƷƿȣ£Ҫǿһ֡
𣡡
װŭ죬ֻ͵ľޣͳȥΪһţֲĳܿϮ
Ǿѣֲ̼γһǿķȦǹɳʵ̫ǿˣȫʩչµķȦҲƿһѺۣܲ˶á
˿ҧҧᴽеȣڵӿͷţԶ˿Ҳ׳Լ
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쾪ֻ޾ŰռҲɿֲ֮Уô׷ѿˡԭǿӲҲڳпҪˣһʯ
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ֻޣ׺ĳű˴ֱ˹ȥ
䣡
ޱը˿ǿ񾢵֮УƷĻԽе˴˳ȥ
ݣݣ
Ľ죬ƷĻ꽻սٸغϣƾУ˭Ҳô׵ܡ
ȴɫأǷḻս鿴ĻԶԶʤƷһƷÿһĳĻ궼ܹʶƷмչ͵ķ
ƷľѣڽϵĻĻ겢Լ
ȻԽĻӲĻǴǵģΪĻҪǿƷࡣ
ԣƷڷ֮ǰĳ嶯ʼ侲ʩչȵĻҵᣬԲĻӲ
ϧƷעˡ
û뵽ϣĻƷ硣Ʒ㵵ǣƺĻ֮Լż֮ѵɺϣ
ڣƷжĻѹѰκεķᣬ亹ȶʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ磡𣿡ĻЦ
ҪӷùһȥƷŭеĽͽȻǿ⽣ӰɱУ滨ĿϮȥ
Ļ޾ɫ趯еħƷʩչÿһɵӦ
ߣĻ˼ҲƷ缤еŭȻĻ꽣еĹƱƷ绹Ҫӵҡ
ݣݣ
ĻĽʵǿ÷˼ΪĶĹƷλǶ߰Ľš
Ʒɫ֣ĻƵòˣԭռƷ磬ڷǱúܱ޴ӷ
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죬ʵ̫ˡ
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Ļ꽣ͣӲѹƷ޷֮
ģһΪʲôܹʶңƷ簵ţһӭĻĹһ߹۲Ļÿһֶ
ĻϿƺκεÿһƺһ㣬˾죬Ĺףò˵Ļ츳ҲǼΪµģٸĻһЩʱĻͻƵ֮
ΣĻвʵ̫ˣǸۣҲһҪɱƷݺݵ뵽ӭ֮УڵԪĿ
ᣬƷȵþһᡣ
ȻĻĹ֮ͣɴƷ˳ĻĹƣ¶Щ㼰
ȻеĻȻмƣƷ类ԼѹƺѾʧȥ֮ˣϲ֮µĻ꣬еĹ͵ǿ˼֣ȴ˶Ʒľԡ
Сӣڿֻͽ޹ѡĻ˵ȻƣѾҪƷѹ˵Ǳߡ
Ʒ侲Ҳֻ侲
ս֮£ĻȻûȫİƷѹȥҲŭˡ
Ļһɱŭĳһ֧ҵƿռ䣬ĴƷؿڣٶȼޱȣգ۱
ȻޱȾյһ̡
Ʒ͵˫һţŭʽɲǹ⻪
ʽƷյڶʹã׵ĹâհĴۣƺѾΪ˰ɫ磬ޱ޾εĽ̼סռ䣬һļڰâлţİΧĻꡣ

Ļ꾪㵲ѣеҰȫޱߵİ׹ΧסˣƷӰҲŹʧܱĴǿµĽǽͬһ㣬޴ӡ
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޾Ľµļ𣬷ϮŭĺĻķȦ
ɲǹ⻪ʵ̫ǿˣǿݻĻķȦܱεĽϮĻȻħӭϻǱ˺ü˿ڡ

һ𣬰âͻȻֳƷӰֽ𽣣ƺΪ˽壬ɱ˵ıĻꡣ
Ļ걻ޱߵĽţ¸ȥֵƷһ
ȻƷһĻʱ
ĻͻȻɫһ䣬ȻŰߵħ򣡡
ħ򣿡Ʒ£ҲȻûмȥơ
һĻȴƷ糹׵ˡ
ֻĻ֮ȫƷԷƵĽ˲һޱǿӲķ
ܣƷ羪
䣡
ƷһĻľħУȻһǿǴݻĻľħ֮ƷٶĻչ
ݣ
ĻȴǳתһޱϬĽƷɨ
Ʒɫ䣬Ӧ죬Ҳǲִټ𽣣ǰ
䣡
һ죬ѵĿռУƷ羪ֵıĻһ˻ȥɲǹ⻪ҲűĻƽˡ


1135 
ˣɲǹ⻪ˣ
ȥĹ⻪֮УĻնָɭħ
ôܣƷޱȵ𾪣ĻչֳʵƷ綼е˾֡
ʵĻܹھλľ꣬ƷҲΪ壬Ʒ约µǣԼеĹʽȫĻѹȡ
ƵĽȵѵĻҲԼһ
鷳ˣһƺҲλߡ׻ص˵
ҿһȡСĹȻһĽǵмƣȴ˼ĸĽԲòһ츳ĺǿСȫ£й֣֮ص˵˫˸žâƷľҲǸеΪĵǡ
ڿô죿𸮵ʱʧȥôȥĻСΣաȸΪǵ˵
ͷƷ紫СȻһܹʶĽ㲻ıսЩȡʤ
Ʒɫһٶ򣬰ߣȻҲ֪Ϊλ˽ңھȫ͸ң
˵ĻƷ绹ʤĻһġ
£Ʒս𽣣ɫһӣ޴֮Уǿҵս⡣
ߣСӣη𣿱Ѿ㹻ˣĻߵ־ƷƺüΪĹŹ֣־
ЦΪԴҲ̫СƷˣƷЦڵԪעС
ȻĻܹʶƷʽƷ練С
ݣ
һȥ糤磬Ʒ糡ֱ롣
ߣֻ𣿡Ļ겻мĺߵеħһٶ⻪ЯһĽͳ
Ʒ⣬ȻĻֱӲŹȵͬǣƷ켣ȴǡǡ˹
ĻЩԾƺЩĥ͸Ʒ켣뷨ҲֻһĻǿ͵Ĺƣɱ˹
һʱƷıַܴĻһǿ͵ĹƣȻûлƷ磬Ʒܹоп˹ȥ
תƷȻӵĻе𽣶Ļıʹ˹ȥ
Ļɫһ裬ѸоƷ͵ϮתһƷһ˹ȥ
ݣ
ɭĳӿһĻ⣬Ļ꾪㵵ǣһȻ˿ˣΪƷһȻġ
ƣ
һ֮еƷ磬е𽣲֪Ϊʧˡ
һ̣һĽȴûĻıֱϮ
ˣȻôһ֣Ļŭһִ֮䣬Ļ껹Ǽתȥеħǰ
֪𽣾ȻûĻ꣬ҸպôĻ༱ٵ˹ȥʱƷֱ˹˳ֽӹ𽣣˲Ļǰ
ݣ
ƷŭһݺݵĶĻͷնȥ
Ļɫ䣬֮£һħ򣡡
䣡
һĻľħУϾǴʧȻ֮㣬ħķҲҪࡣ
͵ģб۵Ĺ⻪Ļľħֱӱݻ٣Ʒûڳһȭŭȵȭ
ʲô
Ļ꾪֣ȻƷһȭһȭȴǿֲѣƺһ˲ں˽ٵȭĹȭΪĿ¡
ĻսҲģۼƷ׾ȭĻ껹͵еħסӡ
أ
һ죬ڽٵȭһȭػĻеħϡ
̼䣬𵴳һɿֲľĹ⻡޾ĳܵϮ׾ĽĻ˳ʮ֮Զ
ô㣿ĻԾĵɴ˫ۣǼĶɱڵƷ硣
ƷһȥĻֳ꣬Ϯ˹ȥе𽣿ţʩչĽ켣ȫ෴еģʱ
Ļ𺧣Ȼ͸Ʒʽ켣ˣоƷĹͻȻúܻҡ
ȻƷΪѧʦڰټ֮ƷԺпӵʮ˰գֻҪԱͨ뽣ϿңܴĻֲ
ǵСЦЦΪ
˿ȴȻɫǣԺ֮УƺֳһƵĳҲʼıˣָоð˿û㱲
ֻһȷǣڰ˿ĶƷϣʱ̶ƷÿһֵĶƷܵκε˺
ݣݣ
ҵĽâӵĹռ־ۺϣۺѣȫڻҵĽâŰ֮С
֮УƷĻ궷ü֣ѷ¡
ȻƷѾʼռϷ硣
˼ĲǿǶЩ֧Ųסˡ
˿̣Ʒù죬еʽ仯ǧĻĥ͸
Ļ걻Ʒ紦ţŭ죬Ʒ磡ٱңڣ
Ӵûйڵ£ƷĻصеĹƱԽԽңңдʵʵб顣
ʱĻҲͻȻú侲侲úܹء
ɲǹ⻪Ļȵһǿҵĺڹ⣬̼סƬ˿ռ䡣
ɲǹ⻪
ûƷһ㶼ûĻеɲǹ⻪֮ԣƷеʽ
𾪣ޱȵ𾪡
ԭΪĻǹ̼ƷˣСֶΣƷһĻȴġ
Ļʩչɲǹ⻪ȻʽһĲ𣬵ʩչ֮ȫӵ֮ͬԪţħͷţȻ˵Ŀ¡
ܣƷ羪еȴȷʵġ
䣡
ޱĺڰƬռƺΪ˺ڰ磬ֲħ޾ĽһӵĶһ㣬İΧƷ˹
Է
Ʒһ˲һ
䣡
޴Ľ֮УƷľԷǱݻˡ
ңĻһȻܲɲǹ⻪ҲֻеһѣѾ׵Ʒ羪סˡ
ô£ôҵĽƷ羪ȵʵĻϵÿһжȫƷ
Ǻǣ벻黹أĻһЦȵħӰ
ݣݣ
ĻеħĽХ֮𣬿ռĴ˲۳˳ǧĺڰ壬˷ȫƷΧסˡ
𾪣Ʒúϲ£죬ܴ̼Ļһ֣ƷӵеĽƴҲͬħΪΪ
ѵĻǸţܹöֵκν
һ̣Ʒ˸ôȥ
ݣ
ĽħƷϮ
Ʒ硭
˿ɫһͣƺıܷӦҲƺֳڼʵ̫Ϥˡ
飡
˿ͻȻԭǴķȦȻűâΧеƷ缱˹ȥ
˿
Ʒ羪һһɲԤжټӿͷڼ֮УƺҲйϤĳ档

Ļ˫һϮĽâ֮УͻȻת˰˿
ݣ
׺ݵĽâ˿ռ䣬Ĵ˰˿ؿڡ
ͣ
ѪƺһĻ
˿һںڵĽâضȻ֮䣬ڰ˿ԺȻֳһĻ
һҵ޻춷֮Уһλ׶ì֣ͻȻͶ˳ìھ֮У˿Ǵؿڱݺݵһ
Ȼʧļ䣬ͻȻǳˮһ㣬ӿ˰˿Ժ֮С
ˣһ̣ƷȫĴסˡ
Ҳˣ˿ֳѰıܷӦȻǷʤ


1136 ͻƣԪ
Ʒ硭
˿ỽһǵҶһ㣬¡
˿
Ʒʹ˻һ
䣡
һɿֲƷ͵˳ܱϮĽâԴݻˡ

Ļ꾪֣ˡ
ಣ
ƷȫĻԣһ˲ӵ˰˿ǰȵĽסȴڲˮֱŻɫѱò԰׵İ˿Ʒ絶
˿һεĵƷǰ
ΪʲôҪôɵΪʲôƷʹţǿߵˮҲ˵Ĵһεε˰˿ȻС
ʹ࣬һĻƺǳһ㣬جΰĽѣһν˰˿ϡ
ʱ˿ؿ֮ȴųѪҺ
ǣ˿ȴǷҸЦݣ˫ۣЦƷ硭ҡҼˡȫȫˡ㡭ҵˡΨһˡ
ãܺáƷͷʹ಻ѣе˿סԲµģҾԲٴʧȥ㣡
£Ʒǿע˰˿ؿ֮С
ϧźǣ˿ѾˣҲȻ޷ֹס˿š
䡭ʵҡҺҸܹһĻ˿ЦֻɫԽӵĲ԰ףڲϵجġ
˵ЩɵˣûµģԻûµģڣһ㣡Բ뿪ңƷʹţˮȴǲϵ£ƺҲڵѪƷȥǰһС
ѣΣ
ƷѡƷԸð˿ʲôǲã컯ŪˣˣڶƷǿһܴЦ
˿ıܷӦֻԺΪıܣ֪Ǹ֪ǵɽ𺣣־µʹ˿ֳһĻܾ
ɵΪʲôҪΪң⻹𣿡Ʒ
Ѿˣ֮ǰáҼ㡭˿ЦˣЦúҸֺĸо
㲻ģԲģҾԲƷʹֵҡͷ״Σȴֺ˿״
УһŮ˶ѣ벻ףʲôֵȥġĻİ˵
ᶮ𣿡ƷԷ̵еŭһȼգеԪʼڰǿš
ߣ㵱治֪ôȻˣ˳Ҳһ̣Ļһ̧еħɭµħıӿ
ಣ
˹Ʒǰ
ԲûΪǸ˵ʵ벻װ˿Ϊ֮˵ĳ嶯
ǵԭ򡣡ƷɫįĻصʹϧŻеİ˿ѾһϢˡ
СúöԸһҲܹȻ˵
ģƷз˼ϣ
һ֣أǿʲôЦ
ǰǣһҪ˿Ʒ
Ϊɡ̾ʵҲûоԵİգֵȽǰɣԶ屻٣ҲԲܵκε˺
ллƷм֣㽫״̬İ˿תǡ
һӹ˿ת˻ȥͬһ鸴󣡡
Ȼ֮䣬˵ϣ͵ĳһɲɫİ쵣һδ֪ӿ˰˿ϡ
Ʒͷ˿Ǳһۣ˱˫ۣȻֻֻѷ˳޵Ѫ˿ŭĻĻ꣡Ĺ뿪
Цƾ𣿡ĻЦ޽Ʒ
ʱͻȻСսپҪȫȻʱ
ˡƷصе𽣣һ˿̹֮Ļ꣬ɱ˵ĻĻѲ֪Ҫ˶ٱˡ
䣡
ռ䣬ҵ𶯡
Ʒħһ㣬ޱȵķŭڵԪϵǿţеԪڴ̼Ÿ׳š
ǿϢĻɫɱеȥɱ˰˿û뵽ὫƷ缤ŭ˵Ŀ¡
ߣھλǧ꣬ܶԸĻ꼫ΪԸ˵ֳħ۶ޱȵռֱӱƿ
ƷޱĶĻһһƷ˵£ų˵Ϣֲѹռ
ԶᶮʲôǰЩѪĶϣƷӭĻһŭĺɨ˹ȥ
ݣ
͵һϮһ޳Ĺ⻡Ŀռʾ֮ƣĵȥ׺ĽӭųеĻϮȥ
Ļ꾪ѣĸоƷһжôĿֲĻѾûκεĺ·ˣҧŭȥ
䣡
Ļһ⽣â־ĸоһɻѹĻնȥĽֱӱˡ
أ
һ죬Ļ꾪һѪڣֱӱƷһɨ˳ȥݺݵײڵ֮УɽһƬʯ
㡭ʵôͻȻôǿĻɫ֣ǰƷɭԩħһ㣬ǿ˷˼ʵѵͻˣ
ûҵģƷϳ˳޵ŭڵԪ׳󵽼ҪˣҲȫﵽԪ֮ڿħ£ƷӵԪڵľ磬ĻľѾȫĳƽˣƷҪĻǿ
һŮ˵ͻˣĻһԽܰı顣
˵ˣֻһ˵ԶᶮЩģƷ־𽣣Ϸ˶Ŀİ׹⣬ȴȫΪһ塣
ˣĻ࣬ռĴٴֳĽ壬ΪʵԵĴڣƷ硣
ħ򣡡
Ļ걬һƬĽӰסƬռ䣬Ʒ硣
ħҲ֮ͬڵƷ˵Ѿˡ
ţһ϶ŭװĻ
ʽغһ
켴أ֮Ϊ
ռһʽؽˣߴﵽںϹһ
䣡
һɿֲĽ߰٣ϮħϢľԳ
⣡
Ļ־֣ۼǾ޴Ľ壬֮䣬Ϊ˽磬һ;ĩ·ĸо
ݣ
޴Ľ壬ԽһеŭıƽĻꡣ
һ̣ĻҲľھѪȼգһѪ֮
䣡
񱩵Ľ£ҵĲʼˣֲĽݺŰռ־ѣûһġ
ĻȴǻһѪɫߣٵĳӶȥ
ӣ
ƷŭޱȣĻȻ֪ΪοʹѪ֮Ʒ绹ܹԻ׷ٵĻ꣬Ʒ缫Ϊʣ׷ȥ
ͻȻԺȴǴ֣صСŲסˣߣ
Σغһĳʵ̫ǿˣҲܵӰ졣
˿ɱȰ˿ʱǿ̲ݻ
Ʒ㼱ٵǵҲȥ鸴Ʒ粻ϵĸ谬˿עȻٳ
䣡
Ȼ
ʱƷѳ嵽磬ȻֱӴŰ˿޸ռУȥ


1137 Ϊɱ
ڵеڳܲסжȫıˣҲΪʧˡ
Ӵˣ֮УҲûĴˡ
ȥĻֵֶ꣬ǿµʵƷʼ˵һա
ǣƷѾûʱȥ˼ĻˣΪ˿ľǳļֻ֣һ֮ңѡ
ƷĿ˰˿ǻ֣˿ƺֻص㣬Ҳǿʼյ㡣
Ʒʹѣ޸ռ֮Уϵĸ谬˿ע
ʱѾٴβ鸴άϵŰ˿״ǺֹۣϾֱˣҪȫָ˵ȷʵһܵ顣
ǰ˿ôˣƷļٵʵԸо˿ľǳʱ̶вصǣ˿ʶʼļ
СģѾʹ鸴άڴУ߻ǾԲ롣Сأ鸴ֻҪСҪĻỹеġοҲǲ
ҾԲģƷɫᶨڵϵעڰ˿ڣѾȫס˰˿Ĵʱ̶Ű˿Ķ
ʱ˿ڰ֮УԵ˵İݣɫϢţȻˡ
˿һҪסԲҪ뿪ңƷвϵţԴԴϵע룬ǳ龡ƷڵƷҲϧ
Ҳ֪˶á
޸ռ䣬鸴Ʒ߲˿ľ˺תѾͣˣֻźǣ˿ȴûеõת䡣
ǰôƷ罹ǵʵ
Ҳֻܽά־ˡ̾һܹʱס˿ţȷʵѾǲˡ
ǰǣһа취ġƷ缱еĿ
ѾѣҪָĻȡ˵Ӧûаɣ
Ҫ򵥡ƷϷ˼ϣ鷳λǰúչ˺˿ȥȥ
㲻뿪̫ãȻܲѵ
סƷ˵ͷȻƷв񣬵ҪҵĻƷ˵¡
ƷԦ𸮣뿪ɳĮأֱӱĻµΧ
Ļ£ǡֱĹǡħĳǣٽɳĮصıĹǡĻĻƷʱǲȥģһԼ˻ĻǵĿľ
ȻƷϢǱĹǡƷľ磬Ļ궼ԶԸ˵ССĹˡ
Ĺǣʮ֮Уʵڵλĳʵǿ񣬳񽫽ҲһΪĴǡ
ĹǵǳһλλĹǵҲΪǿ󣬳֮⣬ƾǳӵ˶ʮλλлλ߾Ӷࡣ
ҲþôͻȻǰĳû뵽ȴͻȻ˺
֪УһӰѾȻڳϿ֮УȻûܹƷλħĴڣǱҹһ㡣
ţ¿մݻĳƷޱȵŭ⣬ߵĻ꣬Ǹһ棡ٴιĻĩգ
һ֣Ʒֱټĳвһ硣
΢ɨһ£Էֳڽʮλλλλλλλʵﵽλǣʮλ
У䱸ɭϣǰǿ߾ٶλЩƷ˵ֻһȺ϶ѡ
գԵúܰ˭Ҳû뵽һ޴ѾǱƽ
ʱڳеǣ֮
ǣһλԱ壬ּɫĳ˵֮ǰǾͻƵλ֮֮ͻƣ
֮УƷ䣬еķŭʹ࣬ڵƷ˵ʵ̫Ҫõһйˣֻ˵Щ̫ùˡ
ݣ
էһɿµĽǾһ㣬˲ϯ
ǿ
У˽һƬ֮ɫ
£б˴ĻλѭǹǿϢɢ֮Դӿȥ
ܿ죬ƷڵһԺУٵӰŭķ׷ֱƷ磬֮ĳڵʮλҲٵ˹
̼䣬ƷȫΧסˡ
ʲôˣôһλªĺ߳Ʒʵӵλʵڳǵλĸߡ
˵գʮλλŵΧסƷ硣Ȼ͸ƷʵܹϢеˣʵǼ򵥡
ɱǵˣƷŻص
£߳ȵ
£λλų۶˵λλʵߣԸƷĻӦò£Ҳȥ̽Ʒʵѡ
ݣ
һĽӹתۼűһֹĻ⣬ͷ­ƷһָճȥӲĽλλȡ˳ֱС
ͨͨ
߲ȱʬ壬䵹ڵأȺ˾ֲѣ֮ͽλλɱȡȥǵʵ̫ˡ
ʵ߶ԶԶ޷
ʵǿʵĻǲ֪ΣѾˡ
߾㵲ѣֳһϬĳʵǺˣǳкζԹ
ƷûлشΪһЩ˵ҲûҪȥشʲô
ƷĬǴŭȵߣ޴ѡ˺ߣɱ
ݣݣ
һȵӰƷ
Щλʵձ鲻ƷʵǿƷԪڵľ磬ǳȥ˿ħЩҲȫƷĶ֡
͵ģƷһȻʧ
ˣ
֮У˿־֣ΪƷոʧһ̣ǵ֮ԸоһɹɭɱѾסǣ޴ӡ
ɢ߽е
ʱҪǽ˵һ𣬶ƷλĪǿߣǶо˾޴ѹ
ݣ
һХԸκεķӦᣬֻҽУλλֱӱɱؿнԱƿѪȡ
˴ŭֿ־岻ѣƷʵʵ̫ˣ˵ǷƷӰȫĥ͸
ߣ֪ĻϽѵǲĻ߶ʣԵõ㡣
ĻΣһ𣬻аżŭƷͻȻ֣Ϭĳֱȡߵؿڡ

߾ֵĵɴ˫ۣûüĳѴ͸λߵؿڣȻؿڵֱӱһ˳

˾һ׷˵һߣ־ĶǰλɱĶħλʵƷ׵һɱֻʲôأ


1138 
һ˲䣬ƷնɱλλǺ߶ͬƷһɱ
˵ЩʣµǾλλһɫְӡ˵ƷҲһλԽλǿˡ
ǣҲ벻ףΪγǿߣĻĹϽΧСǣڳﾹȻô飬Ȼûд档
ʱƷŭ죬þ޷ĥ
ͻȻһżŭߣʲôˣҸϷ
˷׷״ϲ
ڳУ̼ӳһӰ
һλӣ¹ڲ¶ؿϵ׶ƣǸո³ȻǰλӿԵúͨȴһλλǿߡ
ˣҲĹеĳǡ

˺̣ĶƷ硣
ֻǵĳ֣Ʒ粢޽˷ɫԵ˵ƽЩ˵Щ˶ѡ
ߣ֪ʲôط𣿡߶ʣҲ֪ƷʵֻǺɻƷݣƺ˲ʲôԹ
֪ǵĵƷĻص𽣡
Сӣƺ̫˰ɣɲ˵ĵطǿЦĿ裬еĳѾʼһǿʢħ
СƷ֮Աǣٷϻ죬ٱȥ
Ǿ£û뵽Ʒ羹Ȼôˡ
ݣ
Ʒٶʵ̫ˣͬԽռһ㣬˲ǵǰĴ̳һƽ棬ȴǺľ
ɫ䣬⽣ʵǿ̫˼ˣӭһǰ

ǿ𽣳ǵĽУ޴ĳͱƳһεľݺݵıǵڡ

ʹһѪһͱ˳ȥ
ԭЩλţһǾȻ׵ıƷһˣһҡ
Ʒ絭Ȼݣָ𽣣ޱ飬е׼ոЩСϰ
ǼˣкȵǻŸʲôϣѵǶ𣿡
Щλ˹ƴǻѡһƴƷʵܴ
ݣ
һĽ˷Ʒ硣Ǿλλȥ׺Ȼƴȫŭɱȥ
Ҳ֮ǰ֮ģųЩλΧƷ硣
ƷԭƷھλԪ֮Щ˸ͲƷĶ֡
Է
Ʒһ˲һ
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һޱ֮죬ǵĽƷķϡ˾ǣʹȫ֮޷ҡֺ
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СУĻеľħѺһЩȽˣĻ֮⣬˭ҲԽȥʵĻص
нĻһЩʸ֤𣿡Ʒʵ
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һɻȻһɾװıը֮죬Ͽ֮Уȼһ޴ĢƣǿϢ֮أˣ˲ȫ
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Ͼ԰˿ϵԣǿպڰϵܿ⵽ɣƷýеħˡ
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Сڴ֮ǰҪǣҲûжİգǾԻᾡУϣСܹ׼̾
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ţǱƷһ֮ͬ£ǿеǿעڰ˿֮С
еȷʵǿֵƷԪת֮Ĺ˿Ժ׽ա
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ģƷԾϲĸӦ˿ʼȵĻָš
˹ؼʱ̣ƷҲκεиǽеעڰ˿ڡ
ҲɫأĬ鸴нάŰ˿˿ȶнĵõָ
ƷϷŰâеɫ񾲵İ˿Ĺ˿һҪסҵ㣬ڵ


1139 ķݵͼ
ֱá
Ʒ˵ȫ֮£˿ڻָѾɹ޸ˣ嶼Ʒϴ»ָ
ɹˣĳɹˣƷ缤Ц˿ǿԸˣŰ˿صʧʱ

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ǰôˣƷЩʵ˿Ӧû˰ɣ
͹˵ӦûˣǸղȴǷ֣ڻǱһֺܿµĶأֶȫĻ᲻ڵѪҺֱľѪɺľΣȻûȫĵõ˵
أƷ羪£չȥӰ˿״
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ñɣĻǼһﾹȻҰôһƷݺݵĽ
ڲ˵ЩʱǻǺú취ɡȸͻȻ˵
Ҳǡ΢΢ͷСȻⶾĻǼһģнⶾ֮һͬɱĻƳħ
ǰǻ֪ڵľҺܲҵǿܻǼһڻǺĻͻʱ򣬶⴦طĻвƷҡͷȻҲھɱĻ
ʱѾȶħûô콫ʴڵĻԻħӡص
Ǿ鷳λǰˣһᾡ뵽취Ʒصڰ˿ΣѾʱȶƷ绹һʱ䡣
ƷĵǣԼҲǰ˿һĻħħ䣬Ǻӵļ֡
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ǺĬûȥƷ밬˿ദĿռ䣬㻯һ⣬ʧ
Բ֮ǰ㡭˿һǸ˵֮ǰʧȥƷ羭˿Ǽǵõġ
Ҵûֹ㣬ֻҪúõҾѾˡƷҡͷһЦ
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ȻƷһνıס˰˿ŨŨİ⣬ֻǲ䣬ƷɫȻʹĳ鴤
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ˣǡصǺܱյģĵͼ¶˳ȥΪ񱦲ظָΪķݣֻķݼһ𣬲ܿĵͼ
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Ǻǣ֪񱦲һſԼ̳е񣬶Ļ˹ƽĶ͹ңΣĻЦЦ
޻Ѱ˼ãȻֱ˴˶˼ۡϾҲǳģҲôʧ˻ᡣ
ðɣĶԸ㣬ǹƽص
Ҳû⡣޻ʸŵ
Ǻǣλˬ죬ȻѾЭ飬ǲǶǷݵͼóռ俪֮ǰȺúоһ£ҲһЩӦԵ׼ĻЦʡ

΢΢ͷֳͬһݳʻɫĲȱͼֻǺܾĽסеĵͼ±˸ȥ
ĻЦЦ˱㹲ͬеĵͼչСĲϵһ
ֻǣݵͼԺ˳һ𣬶ĻиյõõǷݲȱĵͼ֮ȴиоЩ⡣
֣ݵͼЩ⣬㵽Ǵõģɻ󲻽ʵ
ߣʲô⣬Ҳ㶪ŵõģѵǻǼٵ𣿡ĻߵϷżŭɫ
Ҳ̫ˡ
漴˱㿪ʼоͼУʱϸϸ˽֮£ȫȻ񱦲ضǵջʵ̫ˡ


1140 ս
ʱգ֮УȻ۷׷ס
֮ڣȴûκεı̬Ҳøǵĸմڻ֮̿У»ΪһĴĿꡣĻܹ޵λ֮Ƿǳ׵ģЩνλߣǷǳϧġ
Ʒ粻࣬Ҳ֪˹ڰ˿Ǳħ顣
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УѾȹ˳֮λڽֵѺãҲûΪʵĲĻǣĻҲ뽭ֽΪֵܡ
Ĺľ֮ţҲܵȻΪƷģʹ죬ҲͬʱĻǸΪ壬ܹȻĻΧ´£ǳˡ
ƷŰ˿ص廢ǵĳ֮ȴԵúܿģƷ綼һذӡ
ƷֵܣˡϲЦ
硣СҲŽе
֮УŽĻǻСƷƽ׷ӭȥ׻ǵ֪Ʒ֮󣬱ԵñϹϾġ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ밬˿Ѱ˴λ¡
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ǺǣСɣǰ䵭һЩ˵Ǹ˿СЦ
СסˣΪĶŰ˿ܸоЩԾ
Ҳһɻ󣬶ڰ˿λŮӵ飬Ҳ֪һֻǲ֪׻ǾԵ÷ǳɻˡ
˿ļѾָˡƷƽĻصûбֳκϲõ
ⲻ̫ˣѵŮҪ׽ˡСЦƽʱҲһֱư˿ΪŮ㡣
ƷֵܣȻ˵ĻӦøе˲ǣôҿ񡭡üͷʵ
ҵ˵˿ħھҲûƷɫȻĻص
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ħҶΪǻʲôİ취أƷһΡ
취УҪȥһط׻
ʲô취Ʒ˫۶Ȼһ
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񶼣ȥƷɻ󲻽⡣
ǺǣһֱĻ뽫񶼵ȥһֱûгɹΪϣǶ⼶λߣҶĻħоԵĿԣĻҰϵУҲȥһĻõĻЩϻڵħ׻Ц
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ҲõȵҹٵʱɣҲǺԶȺúϢһ¡׻ǰ˵
ҲãʱȥɡƷͷһЦ
ħ񶼣ǰҲƷĵطֻΪֵԭƷһֱûоȥѧԺ
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ƷҲɷˣȻ£ƷԺбֳһǱõǼս
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㵵ķ֣ڻ̽սеʱ򣬿Ըоһصǿ飬еС黹Ҫǿһ֡
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սһʱ̲סƷ羹Ȼٻ˿ս
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֪ΪΣڴϿսʱƷڵѪҺַڰĸо쳣Ҫȥսĳ嶯ҾƷ绹δħ£Ӳǿʵ
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ţ밬˿Ѿ˹
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ǰоǻͦġƷЦǺǵĻصսҲκεĲʡ
Ȼ˵Ҫ࣬ȵĿռܴ󣬿ȻõôһЦ
ôоսôЩأͻȻƷϵĿս˵
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ɻ󲻽⣬Ʒһ֮ҲֵùЦ
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ǣǻɫĵͼУȥ֮أǿ·˵Ʒܲ


1141 ħ
ħ񶼣λڷ֮صı߾Χ֮ڡ
ħ񶼵ȥҲſɽ롣Щ⵽ĻĴ֮漸Ѿû˻֮ˡ
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һˣƷƻҪȥģڰ˿ħ⣬Ʒ粻ѽеļƻǰ
Ҫҵ񶼣пżΪ˵Ħ˹ģˣҲ޷ݻ
ţʢ֮ʱ㿪ֳһ񶼵ͨҪͨҪôҪҪôرͨԿס
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ģƷ밬˿Ѿһž޴֮¡
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ƷпԿףҲûҪô鷳
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Ʒ£λ꣬ǹϤбԽԽǿˣƺͻȻ
ԱߵλλҲǼΪɻλ꣬ȴֽеƷ磡ǴŰ
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ǺǣļԿá˿΢΢һЦЦü
ԱߵλλһɶͷԵӣͷλλ㳯Ŵʵλϵã
ȻҺʦʱѧԺһСֻź˵ǿɶǰƷֵܵص
ޣԭԹѧԺĿˣʧʧͷλλȻЦǺãı֮һҽп
˶٣Աߵλλ˵λҲǸСеλԱް¡Сܡ
Ǻá
ްСҲѺõЦ
ˡƷЦЦǸ˵Ҫ˵ǸǣΪǵĵȻǡ
Ʒֵܿɱô˵ȻܹǱĿˣѾܾûˡЦ
ˣҪԺİɣͻȻʵ
Ϊ˿Щֵ⣬ܷΪϳߣƷͻȻɫ
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ûĻǼһħƷ޺޵Ļص
鷳ˡεҡҡͷ
ôˣƷüʡ
Ʒֵܣϳڱչأ˵κˡص
пɰ취Ϊ˿ڵħѾˡƷ罹ʵòǲ׵ķ
ǲȥǵԺΨԺſϳ߹ͨص
Ǻãȥ鷳ֵΪ·Ʒæ
ǺǣҲáЦЦֶԿ˵磬ҴȥһѧԺɣ
Ȼû⡣ЦѶƷʧȥ˾ģް˼ĴѲӡ
ƷǱŴǰ񶼵ķȥ


1142 ѧԺ
ħ񶼣֮еĵһ
Ϊľ޴ռݵĵס˿ڣΪ֡ȻнҲ̷ͨ٣֮ӦоС
ŨԪأ˴඼ϰħɾλ
ԣȫħ硣ڽ񶼵ʱԿĺͯǣʹһЩмħΪ֡Ϊ̫࣬ЩҲƷǵĽе֡
Ͼôˣܲÿ˶ɣ
棬䱸ûôɭϣȻ洦ֵߵĳЩԵúܾӡ
ȻǿӻҪҲô׵顣
񶼵ȷʵǿߵĳУԸеٵλ
һ·ϣҲƷ²ĽŹħе顣ȻǰƷйʼɣܹʮ֮ٴμˣҲǺܸ˵ġ
ħӵǿѧԺ֮󣬸ǻĴڡ֮䣬ǼΪŽģκε
˵ԭϤССڵļ壬ǿ壬СڵļҲʵڵķ᰼塣ǴҲоڵλĴ塣
ڣУڶеһЩλȥһЩְλְλҲǱӵСӳ
ѧԺĻȫλĵط츳ˣһЩ󱲾Ӣһ㶼ǽѧԺϰҵ֮ٸԻع顣
պܺãĴ̸Ц֮˶úܿҲûνĵλ֣֮λǷλƽȵġ
֪УƷ밬˿ϲطֵֻطŻʲôŽ
ԵҲǲ·˶ЦкֻЩ˶᲻ɻƷǼۡ
ҲΪƷ̫İˣҲеʣЩϤˣܺŲ²Ʒǵݣֲֻȥʡ
Ǻǣǿ쵽ˡЦ
ѭȥǰĲԶպձ㿴˼ΪۡѧԺ
ԼѧԺȷʵܴ󣬱½еѧԺԴʮѧԺ֮ǰۼһϵ
ƷȴϵãԼʦĦ˹
ʱѧԺ⴦ԵúܰϾǰ˸ǰ⾭ǰˣṧһҲǱʾĦ˹𾴡
Ǻǣ˵ĻǻϤأ񻹶أȤζЦ
Ʒ£ô˵ĻƷ絹뵽һˣǾҲйˣǱˡ
˿Ҳƺ²⵽ʲô͵Ц
ѧԺĴ֮ǰѾرסһѧԺϰˣرļڻǳһǲԽģҲ˵ȫյѧԺ
ѧԺŵһλ׷ԲԵߣСλߵʵؿǹǼĲɫ£֤ߵʵ
ʱƷǰǸѧԺŵ
ãЦӭȥ
ƷһŰ˿Ҳӭȥ
ǺǣкһûϷˡЦЦע⵽˴ƷǣƺҲǿ͸ƷʵԵЩ㵡
˴οҪ鷳ˡЦ
Ϊλ𣿡ЦӯӯƷǡ
ǵģǶô½ѧԺĿˣ˴ҪرԺġЦ
ǹѧԺˣΪȡ
ãҽƷ硣Ʒ繰
ãҽа˿˿ŹĻص
ǺǣӭǵĵѺõЦνļӡ
ǿɲԡӵЦЦ
ǿѧԺĿˣôأЦ漴ѧԺĴţֵнȥɣԺӦûԺҡ
ллˡЦƷ밬˿񣬱ŴѧԺȥ
ƷǸոȥʱ򣬿λСֹţⲻϳҪȴ˰ɣ

ѧԺȻûлĽﻨ㣬洦ɼлľЩϵĽһֺȻĸоԪϢΪĳԣѧԺϰĻ°빦Ч
ݴ֪ѧԺҲĸǼ࣬ÿǼʵҪȹѧԺǿ˲ٵΣƾһǼѧԱǴﵽʥľ硣
ƷϤޣҲֻǼζѡ
ǰô½ʱȻһľƣĻѾ߱λʵ
ʱƷ밬˿ѧԺʱ򣬶һطУ԰ио뵱ǾѧԺʶģ˼ֻ
ϾϿʱ䣬ѧԺĴѧԱڵʦָϰڼƷλİ˽ʱ򣬶Ϊľȡ
У԰СϣƷҲǴµĴΧĻоܲѧԺҪ࣬ʱʱһƬƬЦѧԺϰˣദĺܺá
û뵽ǣѧԺʵ̫ˣãӦûûߵԺҡ
ھһƬյеʱƷǵǿһλϤˡ
ҲˣȤһЦǺǣȻˡ
λϤˣȻˡ
ڵ飬ӵĳѩɫĳ£磬ɫĳӭƮԶԶȥˡ
벻ǣڵѾΪѧԺеһʦ羹ȻﵽλָѧԱнλĶѧԱнħϵһЩ⡣
ЦǺǣ벻ɣڵʦѧԺĶǼർʦѧԺܻӭء
Сأ˿ͻȻʵ
СѲѧԺѾصڵķ᰼ص
лɵúúü˿Ц뵱ڹѧԺʱСһЩìܣҲʱ꣬˿λˡ
ȻлġЦЦƷʵƷֵܣҪôȥʦ㲻
ȥԺɣϿΣͲȥˡƷЦֻЩѡ
Ǻðɡص
漴ִƷ׼ȥ
ɣպÿ˲ԶĴе

£ֻǴϴζĻЦ㿴ƷֵܣɾͲҵˡ
Ʒ۴Ц⽥飬Ʒ粻Ϊ˱飬йƷ羹Щ
ֻܹϤĹˣƷ绹Ǻܿĵġ


1143 ִ
ЩѧԱǼĵʦȥҲ׷׺
ʱѾЦ
ʶ飬λˣԴ鵱˵ʦ֮ϱʱ̹Цݣٶԡ
һǰŴЦһôˣ˵ڿǱӵСӳ
㣬ͱȡЦˣλСӳܸءڨڨһЦ˵㣬ҿǴλѹˣһܸȤġ
ѣ£ſʼתעƷǡ
һĿƷϵʱ򣬽͵һ
һжꡣٴμһϤЦݣϤͻȻٸнǾ㵣Ǽ
ע⵽ƷŰ˿ʱλȫԼɫŮӣвӹ˼Ȼ֮ɫ
Ʒ磬ôˣ鵭ʵеļϵЦݣһɫ
Ǻǣ㻹ǵҰƷһЦʱ˰˿ħ飬ֵΪһЩҪԺԱôֵصش
ޡ΢΢ͷôǵأЩĽһ۰˿ǿջЦʺǺǣλӦþ˿˰ɣþòɳˡ
лл㣬˿ء˿ߺ˵ƺЩԾɿƷ֡
ЩѧԱǺ֣²⵽ĵʦƺǿɫЩϸһ㣬ΪһЦݵʦһƷʱʧȥԭЦݡ
һĻЩѧԱǶƷֶʼĽϾ԰˿òҲǺѷɫ
ƷЩŹ֣ˣǻҪȥԺأпپۡ
¡ͻȻסƷ硣
ƷֻùԹԵͣп࣬Ѳ黹ŵ֮
ֻһԸЦţԹ߰ЦƷ硣
꣬ʱұ㷢ģܹĻضҪپһΡޱ˵
ⲻ̫ðɣҲҪȼԺ֮˵ƷӵĻص˼ƷҲЩ
ڣ֪ΪԵ˵Ĺִ
ͷƷ۰˿˿ҲƺûҪƷܾ˼Ʒֻε˵Ǻðɡ
ߣתߡ
ƷֵܣæҿɾͰﲻˡЦһƷļ͵͵ıƽƷĶ˵ҪǣԴǴ뿪֮ʦһֱأ˭ǵһκܽӴˡ
⡭
ƷֻܴŰ˿ĸȥ
˿Ȼоʲôֻǰ͵Ц
ʱƷǸߵƬСٳЩѧԱҲƷ磬²⵽ƷŭλĵʦƷ粢ʲôλһͬӡ
λĵʦ浽ʱǿ˵ľ
ʱ鱳Ʒ磬Ŵң˭Ҳ˿ѾȻɫ
ƷĲ̣ȻѾ²⵽һЩ˼Ʒ粻ŮӾˣұƷ鲢ûν˼ǽ鵱Ѷѡ
ѹֵգĬá
תƷ磬ȻЩѧԱ˵ڿεݾʱЩĶɣڿݣǿսȡ򡣡Ʒ˵λĿˣΪڿεݣһλΪʾϣܹеõһЩ򡣡
ЩѧԱ֮󣬶еΪ˷ܣ׷׽кš
е㲻̫ðɣƷβѡ
ôǷˣˣʵ
ҡƷ˻˿˵ҿɾ͵ˡ
Ʒ硣
ڣССĲٳ£ҲһЩרΪʵս׼ܿ㣬Ȼ˷档
ƷһΣҲֻø˷㡣
ЩѧԱǣԵޱȵ˷ܣĵ˫ۿţ´ʧÿһϸڡ
һЦҲǺƷľܹﵽǿô½֮޵ʦһֱƷ޲ڣ˵ԺرȤء
ʱʮ꣬ȻƷܹ֮طʵֻжǿأ
ʱѾֳһȣ˵Կʼˡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷվԭز
ڿ𣿡鲻õʵ
ҲᱣʵġƷҡͷЦ
ߣþһڵ㿪ʼѸת
꣬ڲٿˮ𼫶ԵԪ֮ʱƷ磬񾳣߽Ȼﵽλľ磬ںϣҲҪǰǿ࣬ҲˣȫһսĻǶһλҲܣ츳ֵ̾ġ
Ʒ绺̧֣һɵİɫš
ǳأƺ֪κԪءЩѧԱҲǿó棬ƾƷǹɰɫɢеǿϢͲСӡ
ҲǰľȻƷ˾ۺƽССɫţо˼ѹ
Ҳ۷Ź⣬ҲƷԡ
㣡һΣҾԲ飡һҪ㣡˵
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ʲôأ
˵գеȣˮµһڵıƷ硣
˾㵵ǣںϵĹƷ羹Ȼһ
𣿻Ʒ籾ͷˣ˵֣
ֵ֮ɻ󣬳˵Ժ
ۼţ׺ĳƽƷʱ
ͻȻ
Ʒеİ׹̼䳯ǳеĳȥһɺƽ
أһ
ɫŴϮ˲㽫ǳݻˡ
ʲô
Ŀ࣬ǿĽƷ磬Ҳסˡ
ʵʵ̫ǿˣ赭дһͽںϵƽˡ
ôǿ˼ˮ뵱ڹѧԺʱƷʥʵûУŶ̶ʮʱ䣬ô½Ҫ֮࣬Ʒʵ˿µʵֻ˵Ʒ츳ʵ̫̬ˡ
ܣ鲻ʵĽеȿʼһ۳Ҫ֮ǰǿࡣ
顭ƷΣҲֻܴ˵ˡ
ʱھС
ͻȻһȵӰ֪ʱѾ˹һֻѾȵĿסлŵȣĽѹѹȥ
˼ˡƷɬ˵
㣡龪㵵ĵƷ磬ŭѣ˽ӽ֮Ʒ۶ӣʱ͸ˣǳſ
Ʒֻ˿
ͷϣƷһֵ֣еƷɨȥ
ʱһϵͳȻ鵼ʦˣҲʧѧԺ


1144 
һȻͳװĴ˵ĶС
ʱ䣬㰲
ǲٳϿ֮ȻֳһλɫԲԵߣƷĻֵɷĸоַ࣬źͰ֮ɫؿϵĲɫҲ֤λߵʵλ
ò˵ȷʵڶ࣬˵ǰλʵǿӦþѧԺԺˡ
Ժ
˵λһƷ밬˿Ҳǹʩһ۱ֵĻƷǲΡ
һû뵽ᾪԺеȣȥ֣˵ԺҵĴԺ
ЩѧԱҲǾ֣û뵽һԺȻᱻҲЩѧԱԵΪļ
ˡԺĻ˻֣£Ͷż𾪵Ŀ⣬Ʒӣ˫ۣѲƷãѺõЦǺǣϷаٷԺλĿ˰ɣӭӭղѧԺеˣλ¡
Ժʵ̫ˡƷæֵΰһ顣
ԺƷǸ˵˼ղҵˣϡ
ûû£˵Ҳѣô⣬ղҲֻǼ򵥵һνѡƷ󷽵Ц
˭ѡƷ磬ɫ˲ת䡣
ƷԵúܾᣬŮӵԶ޷ĥ͸ġ
Ǻǣ֮䶼ʶɣٷЦЦ
˭ʶһ
ʶɣΪǶڹѧԺĿˡЦЦͷ˵ҲҴģرҪҪϳߡ
ٷ£Ʒ磬һɫʵСѣɷʲô鷳ˣ
ȷʵһЩ鷳Ʒߵ˿ǰһ˰˿ǳ˵˿ҵδޣǰãСħɽ⣬˵񶼵λд˰취֮±ֻҵϣܹõϳߵİ
ħɲС¡ٷüͷ˿ģò绨ΪħĻǿɾͿϧˣĲ̡
֮Եرļʲô˿ħ
ΪأҶ˵ҪˡƷ顣
ɫһȥһ˿˫֣˵Բ˿ãĲ֪㡭
һʱ䣬Եò֪룬ֻھΡȻΪһʱ֮Ǵ⣬ȻƷ
㣬Ҳûй㣬Ȿ޹أĻҵԵòˡ˿ҡͷ
ǡ״ʲô𣿡鵣ʡ
㣬ˣ㿴񲻺𣿡˿΢΢һЦɫϿҲȷʵҲƷһֱΪ˿עڵħˡ
ģ̲סʡ
Ȼģĸƭ㰡˿ȤһЦ
ʱٷǰһε֮ڰ˿ڡ
˿Ҳоε룬֪ԺڲԼ״ԲûκεĿ֮ġ
ʱٷ΢΢˵ͷ˵ãħһֱѹţûôӡȥĻҲǽİ취ħóȥ
Ժа취Ʒʵ
ͨħϷԽ⣬ħʵҸûκεİգ֪˭µħΪ˺ݶٷʵϴżŭɫλ¶ҲǸеΪķŭ
ĻĻƷ޺޵Ļص
ٷȻһǰƷԽԽ͸ˣ̽Եʣ֣
ǵģΪ˿ЩֽţȻҵˡƷŭ˵

ٷͷԵĴЩѧԱǿ֣ǿ֪Ļʵж£û뵽ƷСС;ĻƥУʵҲ̫̬˰ɡ
Ǿúϲ£죬Ȼ֪Ʒ츳ҪԼǿܶ࣬ҲʵڲƷ̶ܹʮʱ֮ж⼶ǿߡ
ԺɷҽתϳߣƷʵԵЩȡ
Ʒڰ˿ĹذǿĪĸеĽ
λȸϷɣҪ˵ٷ˵ƺЩ֮һ㣬ٷ򲻸ڴ»شƷĻ
Ʒװٷ˼˼֮󣬱Ű˿С֣˾ĽеĿ£Űٷȥ
ȻƷ粻֪еżįӰפãĿþò롣
ʦ㣬㲻ĶƷֵܶ˰ɣ֪ʱվǰڨڨһЦ
ߣ˭ǼһﶯģѾδˡһֻѳ˶٣ֹǰ̾˿ÿȻǶħħϣܹƽ°ɡ
ǰҲϣϳܹ˿С㡣̾

ʱƷ˽Űٷãһ·Ҳû˵ʲô
ٷҲûпȥѧԺЩѧԱ뵼ʦǵߣҲǳ𾪣û뵽ԺȻλİŮ»ǵһμ׷ײ²Ʒǵݡ
ֱȥ֮ԽԽ٣¥ԺһΪĺɽ
Ϊ˵أ
Ϊû뵽ѧԺĺɽȻһƬǷ֮СɽﲢûνĻľֺܹĸо
ԸоǣԪеκһطҪԵûԾ
ʱٷƷѾ˻ɽľͷͷ֮£ȻһƬԨԨввһּΪհĸоԨǼ򵥣ѾƷоԨǱһɺܿµ˿оĪľ£ҪԶĸо
ԺǣƷɻʡ
ѧԺĽأҲĽءٷص
أƷӲ⡣
֪ϳĻйһսٷ򱳶Ʒʵ
жšƷ
ĻǸɵļһö֣֮Ϊ£ϳ߶ù˼֣һսȻĻܶӣϳ߽ȻĻ֮ħһֱڱչУδгأϳߵľϷҲȻ֪ϷҲԴ£ֻǲһЩҡٷ̾
ô˵ĻԺûа취´ϳߣƷȻʡ
ϷȷʵΪԾʹʵЩϳߡٷص
Ժ˼ǣϳ߾Ԩ棿Ʒ缴ʡ
ûٷһ֣ص˵Ԩ£ϳµ󣬾ϷóȻĻҲǾһ
Ժ˼ұôһƷԥ˵


1145 
Ʒ硭˿Ʒ֣ٷ˵Ԩȥô£ȻǲԸƷȥΪԼðա
˿İɣҵʵӦûʲôġƷЦ
Ʒ磬ǵʱ㹻ȶЩӰɣҲϳѾչسˣʵǲ뿴ȥðա˿ǵ˵
ڵħһ첻ұһղܰģұȥƷҡҡͷŰ˿Ц˿һҪңһܹϳߵġ
˿֪ȰסƷ磬ͷԼҪСĵ㣬ҪǲеĻ͵̻ӦҲ뿪ҵģɲʳԡ
ģһзִġƷЦЦٷʵԺڸôȥ
ȥ⣬Ҫ㼸ǣϳ裬ϳĻ궼ԹľɱǧҪġٷһֵ࣬δҲ˵ûҪ治еĻмǲӲ̵˻Ϸ취´ϳߡ
ллԺĺ⣬ȥѾ鷳Ժúչһ˿ȥԡƷһ˵
ðɣϳ֪㲢޶ĻӦò̫Ϊġٷ˵
֪ˡƷ΢΢ͷֶŰ˿Ц˿úõңһƽġ
ҵ㡣˿
ţƷڱͷųǿԪӣȫǵذı仯
ٷ֣ΪƷԶеȣһƷɢǿϢеޱȵ𾪡
֮ǰƷ˵ĻУԾԲģھٷ֪Ʒ硣ޣ֮ѾܾûгֹƷˡ
ˡƷ˵꣬ûκεĳɣԨгȥ
Ʒһߣ˿һһǰ߽˼ʱ̵ƷİΣ
İɣǿӦѲٷοЦ
˿ͷ΢΢޾Ԩ
ʱƷѾԨ֮С
ԸоǣƷѾʼƽǹǿԴͷϵĸͽȻǧû뵽ﻹơ
ȻʵĻóȻ˵أֱ֮ء
ಣಣ
ƷٵĴ˲ϵĸҲڳʮĲϵʩѹƷԪҲ˼΢
δУƷоѹƷ粻ӣԽƽʱƷڵԪѾͷŶ
˾ȵǣССɽµԨȻ֮ƣƷھʮɵٶȡ
ȻƷ紩һ֮ʱһɼΪǿǴƷλ֮ͣһƷ˱ܵĵ⡣
䣡
һɼΪµ糱ˮһ㣬Ʒıѹȥ
У麬ɫ⣬ڷ硢ˮǿںΪһ壬ǿ÷˼ԱλĹ֮
ҲѹĻԿˣȻô򵥡
ȻƷʵĻѾ൱ϿħĻҪʤһƷǲôױ塣
Ʒ罫ڵԪӿӿں
䣡
ɾ޴ĳţ˭Ҳʾ֮ǿµļѹ֮УǿӲĿռҲʼŤ

Ʒһȫֵ֮С
ǿÿֲµǣ󼸺ӵԴԴϵ䡣ƷûУΪƷڵԪϵš
ƷѾﵽԪ֮ҲֻǸոճԪ֮ѣ绹δȫḶ́Ʒ׼Щʱʹÿħ
ǣƺҪƷһ㣬ƺѾڰвٿأ͵ǿ˼֡
䣡䣡
һɹɾؽƣϵš
첻ˣƷ簵ڵĿħ֮ѾʼĴ̼˫Ҳķаĺ⣬׼Ҫпħˡ
ԭƷʹÿսĻʹ꽣ȥĻӦÿԺ׽󡣵οˣں˰вٿأΪ˱ʾԼĳ⣬ƷԼ
вˣϳˡ
ƺϳ߶ƷλİҲĪȤȫ󣬸ǸעǿϵеĹ
ԽԽǿˣƷ羪ѣ͵׼ħʱͻȻ֣ԼڵԪȻ÷ǳ
Ԫ֮󣬱ƵΪ飬ҪԪ
Ʒ羪ϲǣû뵽еǿУеԪõ˴̼еתΪԪԪС
ѵƵΪҪĴ̼
뵽ڴˣƷɴҲȥ˿ħ뷨ƾʵȥ͵ֻҪܹǿʵƷԲŹ
䣡䣡
ÿһĳƷ綼ž޴ʹࡣҲΪˣڵԪڴűԽԽǿʵԪ۵ԽԽࡣ
һαΪ˴û뵽ǳΪƷ
ɣþһЩƷЦҲֻƷֱ̬ĹŲϲʹŰˡ
ƺϳܵƷƣںϵ͵ǿҲĳƷ硣
κΣƷǴСǿһ㣬εĳֻƷʹ࣬ԶԶ㽫ƷĴݻ١
ϾƷڵάƷ𻵵壬ÿһܵǿУƷڵеΪάƷ塣
ʱƷ¯ɵһ㣬ÿһεĴƷڵԪ׳ʵһָ֣оƷо쳣˷ܾϲ
νǣ޴ڡ
ҲϳҲƷǿ۷ѾȥעеҲʼϵļ

Ʒ£ԵĻƷ绹ϣܹȥĳ
񣬾ȻϳѾʧȥģƷҲ˷ʱ䣬ڵԪıӿâһŷŵһ㣬͵ͳ塣
¡¡
ռҵĲҶ۵Ĺ⻪İԨбȻ䡣
ʱƷ練ռĹƣԪ壬ĳص˲ֳʮɵȡ
ڣѾܲסˡ
£Ʒһȫ̡
ಣ
Ʒ֮϶ųİɫβֱӳ
Ȼâ˲ɢ
飡
Ʒ˫أ̤ʵ
Ȼ䣬Ʒ羪ķ֣ԼѾһټĶС


1146 ϳ
ǰһ޴ĶǾ˹һ㣬еұԵüΪƽ̹⻬վⶴֺ̤ʵĸо
ⶴУ򵥵ɵۣԭΪϳڵĶл᲼õ񹬵ݻû뵽澹ǿһС
չȥеʯ̨ʯ̨λʯߣĿ񣬾ԵüΪİݡ
λߵװԵüɫϵĴ뷢ɫŲͬɫʡҲеһλɫ۶һɫߣλɫͬһͷɫߣмλõֻλɫ۵Ļɫߡ
˵λҲϳˡ
λߣҲξΪϡϣǾλǿߡ
Ʒ粻ΣСƷ磬ݷϳߣе֮ϳܹ¡
˵꣬λȻ˿ƺûƷĻһ㡣
ƷȻǼԭеĹ̬ȣЩǰ˵ҲһЩƢģҲڿƷԡ
ȴãϳ߻ûκεĶ
Ʒ絹ҲԣҲȴ
ԣƷֵȴõʱ䣬ȥĻҲǰ취Ͼ˿ȴԼ
ͻȻƷһֵƷðˣǲĻһǻġ
˵գƷתߡ
š
һͳɳƵŻסƷ硣
ƷϰϲõЦݣӸղԼʱ⵽ϳߵ̽ϳ߾ԲôƷô뿪
תƷʯ̨ϵλߣλ߶Ѿ˫ۣż𾪣Ʒ磬ֺҪƷ翴͸һ㡣
ƷԵú򶨣Цݲ䣬ٴƷϳߡ
ؿˣղ㴳ɣһɫʵ
ǵģðϼ¡Ʒص
ǺǣѾܾûܹˣû뵽СС;Ϊʵҵ𾪡ڷЦݣоҪࡣ
ƷֻǺ󱲣֮ԣʵƷ̿֡Ʒҡͷ

΢΢ͷԲλҲǶƷĺøб
СѣɷϷɻ󣬸ղǵУ׵ƻΪȴѡðյȴûͻȻʵ˸žâ
ǺǣƷֻµŰݷϳߣ˶ƻϵľƷЦ
ĺر𣬿ղҲ˲ٵĺôɣʵӸղƷڴʱͿҪܲסѹˣƷıϳ𾪶ΪоƷȴǿĴӱʵжġ
Ǻǣ澳ͻ˵ҲһʽҲòϣȷʵǿ󡣡ƷЦ
ˣСһͱƶˣ˴ǵΪ£ܲΪص⼸ϼһİɣ˵
ʵ˵˴ǰȷʵҪϳ߰æƷص
ʵѵʲô˵𣿡һֱĬͻȻ˵
ҵδһܴ鷳Ҹе޲ߣŲúǰϳߵİƷ˵
˱˴һۣ֪µԣ˵ɣʲô£
ллƷϳߵ˼ҵδ޲СĻħħʵҶԴ˶˽ɥǳʩ
ħ
ϳ߽Ȼһ
ߣĻǼһߵһĻްӡ
Ʒ˵ϳǿ˶ߣϣϳܹҵδ޳ȥڵħƷм𡣡Ʒżֿ˵
Сѣ֪ˡϲĬȻ̾Ϣһ˵꣬ˣĻΪףҪ񶼣֮䣬ܾˡ
ֻĻ𣿡ƷȻʡ
ֻĻˣ
ЩҲֻжţ֪顣Ʒ
ҲΪһΣҵˣδָܻھС㣬ҲΪΰ̾
Ѿ˺ܾˣѵλǰƻǡƷ˵ԵüΪ
ߣĻǱɵļһȻʹյֶΡħħħĻȻѽȥµħȴǰǸһ㣬뿪벽Ļħ̷ѱŭޱȵ
Ļʵ̫ˣҶҪĹƷҲź޺޵
ǺǣСѣҲ֪㰮Уɣ취δ޴ĻǻȫʩȣĻħ˻˶ԵġϺͰЦֻǵʱϣСܹӦһ󡣡
Ȼ𸮵ĴڣƷ׵Ľ˿
Ʒȴû˼˼˻Ʒ˵ϳߣҵĻҿԳһ£Ҳܹȥλǰڵħ䡣
㣿
ϳȻƷ˵ĻסˣȻҲܼôã޲ܹȥħ䡣
ǣƷϳ߻żֻɵġ
˵Сѣ֪ĺ⣬ħʵΪһֱ취ȥܵħ䡣ǧȻ޹ڷǱ䱾ΪڵѾʼڵݼˡ
λǰܹһ£ǰҪλǰܹúңһȫһԡƷһɫ˵ûκεЦ֮⡣
˵ħĻƷȷʵǽⶾ֣ħĻƷӵеĻȷʵħĿǡڽ֮ʱƷԭƣΪһʱĴ⣬Ȼʩɱŵħ伤
ڣϳ߾ȻĻħ䣬ĻֻúõĴţƷŴ󵨵Ҫȥһ
ƷЩϸϸĳ˼ãҲǵģΪԼ֮Ƕеǡ
ʱ֣ص˵Сѣ㣬ħܹ죬ǰҲֻϷд䣬ΪϵİʧҲħˡʧܵĻҲܻһԶڴˡ
˵ǣСѿҪúһѵõ˲ţɲΪϼһܵǣ϶ƷȰ
ǺǣλǰصңûһİǾԲΪġƷ΢΢һЦϳ߽ȥħ䣬Ƕ԰˿ǽ棬Ʒ˵Ǵ洦ġ
ƷϣҲ֪ƷʵѰ˵ȣǱӦˡ
ðɣǾһ԰ɡ˵
ллλǰܹƷλᡣƷ繰ֵ
ǵĻᡣҡͷһЦ


1147 
Сѣ֮ǰҪǡص˵Ϊ䣬Ļħ䣬ȡ֮Ѫʩڴ䣬ΣԴ壬جһ㣬ԻģӴУʧܵĻҲȫˡ
ԣΣնȼߣСѿҪ˼Сϸѵ
ףΣҶóһҲҵҲкܶ洦ġƷص̬ȼ
ҲĸжƷ˵ֻЩİ˶ѣ֮ǰƷйЩѡƷܹǰӵΪðգִ֮٣Ѿĸжǡ
Сѣʹ󵨵ȥ԰ɣһúЭġ˵
Ʒͷ̧֣в۳һɫɲͨĻͨǿһ˻̼ữΪҽ
𣡡
𾪣ŵĶƷеǹɺɫ
֮һﵽλľɿʼ֮ǽ֮ΪĻǼΪѵģϳ߻û֮У֪ҲֻĻʹû
ǼΪǾĻеĻ³˴
û뵽ǰƷ磬ȻѾ˻ⲻǸеǼ֣еϣȼҲƷа취⿪Ƕħ䡣
ħ䣬µĵطδ˵ԳȥǼ֮ȥųĻֻʵ䷴ɲһ˵ħĿǡ
Ȼ֪ǣƷӵеĻ𣬿ɲܱģǿϣҪǿˡ
λǰǾͿʼɡƷ˵

΢΢ͷһοȫƷ磬㻺ı˫ۣȶ񣬱״̬
ǣƷȴǴ󾪲ѡ
ʱƷ绺ǰͬʯ̨ϡ
ţƷչڵĻǵڡ
ǵȻΌƷĻ룬Ʒ̽ǵ
꣬Ǳһַǳ̬壬ΣΣĴڶ˵Զֻһա
Ȼ͵ƷĻ̽ǵ֮ʱ޾Ʈ֮УͻȻӿһɿµĺڰ
ڰϮѸӣǺڰЯһɼΪεħںڰһ㣬Ʒ̽ĻΪʳʵЩڰħϮ
ÿµĺڰ֮Ʒ簵ΪľƷҲûȥִ˼ӭǺڰб˹ȥ
ƺѾ²⵽Ʒ˼㵵ͬСѣ򲻿ɣʵ̫Σˣ
ݴ䣬ƽ⣬λǰģа취ӦģֻϣܹúõҡƷ紫
УƷȴѡһַǳðյķǱԼҲϴ䡣
ΪƷ緢֣һǲԴȾԵħ䣬ǲմеķʽǱҵͻƿڣƷŲҲԼȥϡ
֪ƷοΪǶһðյķжֻ֮࣬ȫĵȥϺƷ磬չ֮Ȼǲ֮ȥ䣬ǿ֮ҲһĿԣԲΪ
µκڰ֮ѾƷ̽ĻΪʰľ˹ȥ
ڰ֮Ϯ룬ƷԺбܵһɼΪҵĳĳƷԺʶƷĻ֮ǿȶסĻ꣬ѹסξĳ
Ʒ绹մ䡣
䣬Ĳǿնĺڰ޾ľھجһ㣬еĸҲǣ̼
ĸо˵ʶ÷ǳı壬ǽ˲ĵ״а֮ģ֮ģʹ֮ģֵĸضеõ
ȻָγһɴƣʼȥռԭеЩԭǺõΪаӡ
ѹˣ
Ʒľѣ˴䣬ľȶˣҪˡľȶ֮ˣҲ޷־ԵȥϮ
ò˵ϳЩȷʵ˾޴ʹĥϮܹӰ̼ǡаҲǳ֮ƻ˲ʱչͻҲʧӰ٣һŶʱըһ㣬ʱᱬ
ϳ߸뿪벽ҳκεиľϱĻǱΪħеҲܻ⵽һ޴Ľѡ
̫ˣƷ簵Ѿ֪ıԣƷľȻܹסǹҲǲʵļƷ֮ġ
ҲΪܵƷǿԿƣҲڴ̼űԽԽǿǰѣͻǿа֮ȸտʼʱҪԽӵĿ¡
ľѵǣǹа֮ڴڵа֮ҲѹƷ硣
а֮ȷʵܽƻ֪ƷǵвоѹȫƷ硣ΪƷѾΪһ壬Ʒ类Ļǹаܹ֮γɻٴռڵӪ
ȻǺܵĻɸǻǼᶨƷ磬ǿ֮γһɰΧȦѹǹɿµа֮
޾ڰ֮УƺֳĿĶħڷŭԹޣޱаĳϮ
ʱƷȶԭĻ֮УȻһɻɫǼ
ոȼʱǹа㱾µĸоη壬ԭڵһӱήҲܽƻ׼Ҫˡ
Ǽ֮󣬴Ϊϲڵ֮㳲ƴȫĽסǹа֮Ļ·
õĻᣬƷ˿µļСС̼׳籼ڵľһ㣬ӭͷѼа֮͵ıѹ˹ȥ
䣡
һεıը֮죬ӿȥγһ޳ĻŵİΧסǹа֮ǹа֮Ѿû˻·ֻܱڼѹƣϵĴ£
ϧһѱƷУԼסа֮·
һķգȡа֮Ķħڼķ֮һƬƬĽ
ߣ
Ʒ簵һһӿһɸΪӴļһĳ֮£޴ӵа֮ѾȫһƬ֮С
ڵĲҽУаѸٵļ
֮ԽԽǿʢѾôа֮û˵ֿ֮
˲ãԼԵķ֮еа̼֮仯ΪһƬУԭںڰеҲʱ
ûѾɹıˡ


1148 Ѫ
ɹˣ
ϲ֮࣬ǿʼȶ񣬰תڵ֮Ǳħ䣬ѾǲκεӰ졣
Ҳӣǿ֮Ǳصһ˿а֮ݺݵĸˡ
ٶһ־Υع鱾壬Ǹе̹ǶجΣһ̽ˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҫ쳤Хĳ嶯
ʱƷҲʼϢڵϢһתʮ죬Ȼħϡ

Ʒһһޱȳӿ³ھⳡаζԿ֮󣬸оԼĻҪǿʵ֮࣬ͻҲ˼Ľչ
ɣƷ绺˫ۣƷȴǰһĻסˡ
Ϊ뿪ʯ̨ǹԼǰ
ǰʹðƷֲ̿ѣʯ̨һһǡ
СѵĴ֮٣ҵȵ񶼡ûĻѾ޷ټ֧ȥˡһݣȫ֮ϸмѵ˵
СѣΪǵĶˣ񶼵ĶˣҪĻ񶼶ȫ֧㣡Ϲֵ
£Իرϣܽǵĸлϸŵ
⡭Ʒβѣһȵ˵Ʒֻλ󱲣ʵܲλǰ֮񣬶Ҳλǰ
ˡͻȻ򣬼ʣСѣδںδȥȥڵħ
档Ʒص
²˳٣ߣԵüΪ˷ܣǰ궼÷꣬Ϊѹħô꣬Ѻ޲뿪ˡ
Ʒǣ뿪˶
ȻѾʱסˣڳȥʱǳ衣

ʱԨ֮ϣһ˵Ӱ
һλɫ˵ŮҡҷųԭĽżֵˡվԨ֮ߣԵõǵһֱ޾ԨŲҪȥĳ嶯ˡ
ˣô졣
û뵽Ʒôȥ졣
˿һֱȴ粽룬Ϊ֪Ʒһƽġ
İɣһġ֪ʱٷѾվ˰˿󣬰̾Ϣ
˿һֱԭصȺ򣬰ٷ֪Ȱ˶ٱ飬ִİ˿һֱȴš
ԺѾˣҡ˿ֹ˵ǱڣΪԼƷôȥðա
ٷΰ̾ϢʱҲ֪ȥο˿Ҳ֪ԨлһĿ硣
Ȼ
ʱ򣬺ڰԨ֮УͻȻҫһǿҵĹ⻪ǿϢڼٵıƽš
ٷһƺ뵽ʲôϲˣ
˿ҲоˣҲ̫ǰ˼
ͻȻ

˿ʧһУһȻԨ׹ȥ
ãٷɫ䣬һʵ̫ԷӦˣû뵽˿ȻԼ׹ȥ
£ٷҲûκεԥȥ
ȻٷŸ׼ųȥ㱻һεľĸ˻
ٷ£ȻǰλɫݶַЦߣҲˡ
ٷϳߡٷ򵱼дż־㵡
ǺǣصģλСﲻʲô⡣΢΢һЦ
ţɼ
ʱƷѾȵıסϷžϲҸЦݵİ˿ĴԨ·Ծ˳
Բ𣬻㵣ˡƷھΰĻصΪ˿ΪԼ׹ġ
ҡֻǲСĻȥġ˿żɬĻص
ҵСԭ¡ٷһǸĻص
ԺˣҲûƷҡͷ
ô춼˵ģٲĻҿĻȥˡ˿ЩԹĶƷ˵
ʲôѾ𣿡Ʒ羪㵲ѣû뵽ڽΪϳ߽ħ䣬Ȼôȥ졣
δ޶һֱȴ㡣ٷ˵
Ű˿Եü뷺ɫĽݣƷ۰˵Բί㡣
ֻҪͿˡ˿һЦ
ƷСΪϼһħ䣬Ҳ˶ôʱ䣬˵ҲǵĹˡ˵
λǰҪô˵ĻƷҪ̧ͷˡƷȤһЦ
ô˵ĻϳߵħѾˣٷԵòţȻϳԴĻ꽻ս֮һֱڱչؾޣҲֻаٷ֪ϳĻħ䣬вŻһֱࡣ
û뵽Ʒ羹ȻϳŶħ䶼ˣⲻðٷһ¹Ʒ
ǺǣѾкЩˣ񶼶ðɣЦʡ
һжãҲûиɧǡٷص
ǾͺãҲҪùһЩ΢΢ͷ˿ЦʣǺǣλƷСѵδްɣѹƷСѻԸΪðˡ
˿ݼϳߡ˿æĻӦû뵽˵еϳƽ׽ˣҲ˵ɫЩߺ졣
Ǻǣˡ΢΢һЦ֮п˰˿ڣȻɫ䣺ÿµħ
Ʒһʵǰ˿ڵľΣħԽ⣿
ħΪѪֶħҲʮ󼫶֮һֶҲħҲֻĻвУҷ٣쳣ϡУû뵽ĻһֶξȻ˺ݶȻһλССŮħħһĻ徫ѪĥϼΪصĽ͵ŭѡ
ЩƷѺݺݵսȭͷ侲ʣǰħԽ𣿡
ϳ˼˻˵˵ѹħҪȫħĻҪһ
ʲôұȥңƷ缴ʣԵüȲѡ
𼱡һɫ˵˶Ǳȣõİ취ԶܹħĶֻȡĶħеྫѪ
Ķħ
һٷҲɫ
û⣡ȡƷ缱
ºѡ̾˵ĶħĻħ裬ڿµľУǵҪǿ࣬ΪĸܵơĻĸҲ᲻Ѱǿ࣬ҪȡĶħྫѪܼ֣Σնȱ仹Ҫϰٱ
Щ˿֪ƷԸȻѡȥðѪȰƷ磬¾ô˰ɡ
УطұȥⲻΪ˿һҵҲھгĥƷɫᶨĻص
ͬаɣҲһ֮˵
ԼһȥˡƷҡҡͷ˵ҲҪϳߣȽ˿鷳λǰн˿ڵħѹ£Ҳ㹻ʱ䡣
İɣǻúչġϻصҲϳ߶ƷԵĳŵ


1149 ľ֮
ѪΪħʮ󼫶֮һҲСҲرҪƷЭ
ƷҲɺúý˿ħѹȥҲɷǰĻ
ⶾ֮ѧԺͼݵĶ㡣
ѧԺĶ㣬ֻԺϳ߲ſɽ룬˵ѧԺĶһռңĦ˹ġ
һΣΨϳƷ硢˿ٷҲûн롣
ԼһյĿռңڽռҵʱѾˣϾⶾĹ̾ԲܵκӰ졣
ռңȻܿյİĿռȴһͼͼһλ߻
⸱Ʒ粻ʦ
˾£ȴ̲סʵʦĦ˹ˣ
ǺǣǵģϰһЩǼ̳ҵʦƷЦǺǵĻص
ѹˣԭĦ˹ѧѹֻ˳ɫˡĽЦѾʼ뵽ֻ֮ᵮһλǿˡ
Ʒ絭ЦЦŰ˿С˵λǰ²˳٣ǿʼɣҪôҶúϡ
ȻǲȫħѹƵĹҲмʹ࣬ΣǸоǳ⣬Ҫס壬ǵİҲȽϴ󡣡ص˵
õģ֪ôˡƷص˶٣ֶ԰˿ЦǺǣ˿£ڣԲµġ
ôأ˿Ʒ磬ȴǷҸЦݡ
˱㿪ʼڵϻһֵħͼ״м䴦ǡеտڣǵ˼ð˿м䴦ȱϡ
ţ˸ԵһߣӦöǾϡ
ǰǣƷʡ
Ǻǣһתħ󷨣ҲǽⶾķǻὫڵħתСϽ͵
ǿԿʼˡƷ˵б㿪ʼע˰˿ڣάŰ˿塣
ˣҲʼ˫ۣĬŹϵּΪĬ趯ֵͬơ
ಣಣ
ٶ䣬бֱ⣬ͬʱע˰˿ڡ

壬˿͵Ĳ£üͷû뵽һʼð˿һЩʹУ˿ǿţûгκεĵִ
Ʒ۲ѣϵ˳עڰ˿ڣð˿ܵκε˺
ʩϽÿһϸڶС룬н˿ħҲȻſתС
ΪҪħԻ԰˿ڵħһĴ̼á
ͻȻ䣬˿ڵħѾʼһɼʹӿͷһ㣬˿ȫʼҵĳ鴤׵ɫ˺ˮ
ǣ˿ܾǿҧ˫ȻûκεĿܣкûСԽˣƷԽʹ
˿һҪסƷ簵ĹŰ˿ϵעڰ˿ڣԭϮŰ˿ħҲ޸µõָ
ƷİеҲ˳Ľ˿ڵħ뵽ħСЩħħеʱ򣬱ħе
ħϵıתƳ˿ҲķѾӦˣɫҲԶ֮ǰࡣƷϵڰ˿ϣתƷ绹ǲϵĸ谬˿ע
ҲκεиǿԽ˿ڵħȻǺ¡
ֻϧħʵȻ˿ڵħѾҪǱصĺħڰ˿ҲάϵŰ˿ҪĲλ
ǲóȻУֹֻͣ˽һжħʮ󼫶֮һħȷʵôƳġ
ãѾջ˿Ҳƺһ㣬ƣ۰ڽⶾĹУ˿ǳжʹࡣ
˿
Ʒȥ㱧ס˰˿ϧӡ
İɣڵħѾѹȥˣڼ֮ڣĻûдĻԲܵκεӰ졣˵
ллǰƷм
ǺǣڵʺܴúϢɣѧԺԺǰסЦ
ǾͲλǰˡƷ˵ҲڽⶾҲ˲ٵƷŰ˿뿪˿ռҡ
ʱƷѾŻеİ˿ͼҵ¥С
ȻٷѵȺʱˣֻƷȻǣڰٷԱ߾ȻλϤŮӣˡ
Ʒ磬˿ûðɣʵϴż֮ɫֱƷ硣
ûˣҪҸطúϢƷ˵
ǺǣСѣϳرԸˣ鵼ʦȥϢɣǶʶҲиӦٷЦ
͵ȥɣһúչ˺ġ˵Եúϡ
ǾллˡƷЦչƷ統Ȼܾ
Ʒٷк֮󣬱㱧Ű˿ȥ
ǰе·ϣĬƷҲҲʲô⣬պܹ졣ƷȴѧԺЩѧԱǵע⣬׷׾ȲѣϢԹһٶȴѧԺƷһλһѧԺ˾֪÷зûܲ²⵽Ʒ뱳
סҲʲôֻһССķݶѣﻷĴ˻ľŵ̹ζ
νŮбƷҲûбŰ˿ķУֻǽ˿֮Ʒ˵һЩʾлĻ֮ȻĬĬ뿪ˡ
ƷŵסӣҲǰٷرŵģʱסһΪٷƺҲ֪Ʒľʶ޵סҲıȽϽ
ҲˣƷ޵ʱҲǺܿġ
޼Ʒʱ֮࣬п֡뵱ô½֮ʱʱڹѧԺƷֻһСѣû뵽ھȻΪ֮жڶ⼶ûпۣ޵Ҫ£ƷľǷǳǵġ
Ʒ˼˰˿ϣ޷ߣԱһֱġҲûνı֣֮ѼֺƷ̸Цš
ʱ䣬ƺúܼѡ
򵥵һ죬ôȥˡ
һϤĲҽ֮ʱȴһجξƷһ㣬Ϊڰ˿ĿС
˿Ʒ羪סȥ
ٷ򣬻иоҽеϳߣҲԼٶȥ
Ʒס֮ʱΪŰ˿İΣƷҲ˲ˣֱŶ롣
Ʒ뷿֮ʱ㿴еޱȷŭһĻ
Ϊʱ밬˿ɵڵأϿֵħ󣬰˿Բѵţɫ԰׵İţƷʱɫԵüΪľš
Ʒŭѣ̲סƿڴŮˣ㵽׶˿ʲô
ɫһ£ĬֻǴԿһɾʹ֮⡣
ʲô£
ʱϳٷҲ˽ǰһĻҲǴΪ㵡
Ʒŭѣ˰˿ڵľƷ羪㵵ǣ˿ƺѾȫˡ
ţϳǰɫ԰׵飬۵ħ󣬾֡
תȾޱ㵰Ķ顣
ʲôת˿ڵħôʧˣƷ缴ʣѣҲ֪Լˡ
תһеطԽһת޵һ˵ϡȻҲתħֻת޵Ǹˣħĥ͵
ô˵Ʒ缫Ǿ㵵ɫ԰׶дʧʹ飬ȻֵƷĬˣ޲úݺݵĳԼ⡣


1150 Ķ
˿ĲҽУٴһĻ˭Ҳ⡣
û뵽ǣ龹Ȼ͵͵ʹ˿޷ȥĲħתԼڣȷʵ˴Ϊľ
Բ𡭡ҡƷ羹֪οںãһҰ׶ޱĽݣƷ紹ͷԵüΪΡ

ϳֻĬĬҡͷ̾Ϣѣ֮ٶȷʵ壬ħȻԸȥʹࡣ
ٷҲסˣҲ²⵽˼ͬҡͷ̾ϢĬȻѾˣǱ޷ȥˡ
ȴһֱû˵ɫįϳˣʵҲԼΪҪ˿ֱһɵϡ
Ʒ飬ΪԼղŵԼҲо鼫µʧƷǺܲףãǷĺһ㣬֧֧ʵ㡭ΪʲôҪ
ֻǲ뿴˿ܿѣο֮ǰΪҵԶ˽˿õʱ䣬Ϊ˿İɡ鵭ĻصֻԵЩҡվӡ
Բԭ򣬸ңΪʲôѵ㲻֪ɵ𣿾˿֪ˣҲԲƷԵЩ˵
ǺǣǾϣ˿á鼫Ϊ䵭ĻЦ
Ҳ˵˿Ҳ֪ģƷ
ˣںۣ˵ʲô鷳뿪˵ҲǶƷ̫ʧˡ
ƷͷȻ̧ͷֱ飬ĵ˵ģҾԲӲܵģһȥڵħ
תƷϳ˵ǰ鷳Ǻúչ˿ǣǵطһҪȥ
ϵͷӦʣ˵İɣǻúչǵġ
漴Ʒ㽫˿ʱϳǣȻֶۿն˵Բһģֻϣ㻹ԭҡ
˵գƷ㼱ٵ뿪ѧԺ
Ʒ뿪ޱ̾Ǻοأ
ҵѡֻ֪ǻħɷҲңҡҡͷһĿɬˡ
̫ɵˣֵ𣿡ޱϧϾԼѧû뵽ȻԸȥʹĥ
Ҳ̫ɵ˰ɡҲԼܿЦͻȻ𣬲֪ƷȥδȻ˿ڵħδȫб⣬ɱǣϳߣҪȥģ
ħʵǺųħʮ󼫶֮һѪΨĻħĶħྫѪſɳ׵ħ̾
ⲻǺΣգ龪㵲ѣ׷ȥȴȫתڵоһɾĵʹϮ

ʹһȻһʹࡣ
ѾħʹĻֻ˺ԼοѾ뿪ˣҲ׷ˡΰ˵
ڵħɲ򵥣ʱܻᷢδ֮ǰ߰ɡͰ˵
Ʒ硭һȻӱ
ʮǰһĻһİֿӽԼ
Ȼױجһһֱʮꡣ֪ʱʼΪһΣһſѾӡԼԺ
ֻΪѾ

֮Уѣס
Ʒһ̶ûж뿪񶼡
Ҳһλϵ꣬ҲֻΪеζϴԾƴƷҲƱҪõⶾ֮Ѫ
ƷŰ˿ǰѾ˺ü죬⼸廢Ҳû⵽ʲô䶯֮صĽǼƻҲ˳Ľš
ȻƷҲûô嶯ǰĻĻΣأƷҲҺúƻһ
ԣƷһʱص廢ǡ
Ʒһּ֮ǻϲƷ˵֮ҲǼΪء
ǴĻµһط˵޻ʵǳλóȻ룬Ϊھżơ
´С
ʱƷţպ࣬мƻΣնȺܸߣÿһϸڶÿȫ
磡õô鷳ʵֱɱȥɣСеǸսӡ
һΣǵȡǿĻǼһĵ̣һҲĶ֣뻢ѨĻҲûжİնԸƷص˵
ɱȥǻʲô취Сһơ
ǻȥͻȻ
Ҳҵ˼Ʒ˵ͷֻüͷֵܸоЩطǱż⣬ûô׻ȥ
ʵָоԴɳĮ֮ˣƷܸоһ˫۾ʱ̼ԼָоƷ÷ǳĲҲΣա
磬˰ɣɲķ緶Сͷ˵
ҵεжƻǻٺúÿһ°ɣҲκε⡣ƷҡͷȻеҪȳԼõⶾ֮ѪƷʶǺ侲ġ
ͻȻʱһϤЦȴǺԤװĴ´ش˹˵ò
硣С
ƷҲһɻԴƻǱĻʱҲ˲ãôôͻأ
ȻˣҲһջɡ
ֱƿ˴ţЦ˽
˼Щִ٣ŸλˡһЦ
磬ôôͻˣʧ˰ɣСȤ
ʧܵĻôĻأЦ
Ѳ㻹ǱʲôȥˣСȵʵ
⵹ûУǱǱĻĻ˸ջ񡣡ذЦЦ
ϣͱˣλѰɣƷЦʣ֮ʱƷѸойİϢ
ֻǣϢƷĸоܹ죬ƺİоЩϤòڣֻǱʶƷϵϢ˼
ˣС뽭Ƕ£档
ǺǣסλȷʵǴһλѣλѿ֪Ļе顣΢΢һЦ
ȻѣܲһֱɡƷ˵
ҲǡЦЦתͷ˵С㣬Խˣ£ﲻ˺ġ
С㣿
ѾޱȾ㵵ĵɴ˫ۣû뵽նȻλСˡ
ɣѭſ̽ͷȥ
ģӭһȵĺɫӰ
էһ˴һȻǰ˵С㣬û뵽λòȵŮӡ
λŮһͷ˿ͷ촽ɬ죬ϸüۣһɫװظͦ¶ֹĻ鹵һŮӡ
ڽǾ֮ʱƷλŮӵʱ򣬲ޱȵŭĽĶȻ޳ܵļˣ


1151 Ļ꾵Ǳ
ƷһĶסˣڳ˶ȫסˣĿתƷ磬ԸоƷŭʢ
Ķ֣û뵽˵ĴˣȻô½Ʒ硣
ˣڼѲ˸ϵƷŭͻȻȥһֺݺݵסĶ
Ķɫʹ࣬Ǻ첻ѣԵüΪܣѾҪˡ
Ǻ޲ɱˣƷƷ磬ǵ˵ĻŮˣƷҲ顣
ɣæǰĶҵѣܹ飬Ķǵģ
ĶƷ缫ȻĶͷɫʹĶҲоĶʱʧһɿ֡
ȿȡ㡭ôԴ˵ҲֻǸųŮ˶ѣõô𣿡ĶǿԴԹްĳƷ硣
ߣĻˣڼ鲻ΪȥܲĻǼһóѵ𣿱˵ǼɱҲΪϧƷߵɱ죬ĶĲһʹޡ
ȱ𼤶ٴǰٰάĶ
˰ٶƷΪã˵ϣ֪Ů˭𣿾ǰ˵Ǹĸ飬ŮĻĺܣ
֪һĶǵġٴΪĶ飬άš
ֵȴסˣⳡ滹Ĳ֪ȥ͡
磬ٰ˵ˣǵĴ˲ǺܻӭҡĶ޺޵Ʒ磬ǿ˵Ʒ磬ԵҵùҲҪɱɱҲ㣡
ΪҲ𣡡Ʒ
㲻ңôţĶͦظ
Ǿͳȫ㣡Ʒ֣ŭ
ȻƷǰ˵ĶͦģɱҲܵõʲôôú̸̸Щܰǡ
ˣɡƷ˵ʵҲֻһʱ֮ййѣƷûȤɱѾΪһŮˣֶѵҪϵǣŮ˿ɲ򵥣ϿɱŮ˸ƻˡ
лл˿ڿġĶеȻԿĶϵһ㣬һ˺ܺ棬ôĶأ
ĶһĵƷ磬ɴ˦ͷĬ
Ʒ绺˿ʵϣôŮˣ
ķԸǱĻĻ䱸ɭϣҺǱ룬Ա㲻ĻҲȽϽҲȽϺõõĻϢһϣұһλˣҲĶʱĶͦģԾ͡˵˵ţΪɱǰҲԵЩ˼ˡ
ҡĶͻȻӿڵ
ǵģֻǺ֪ĶȻԭĻˣΪһЩ£㱻ĻϳĶΪһˣĶӦ֪Ļ鲻٣Ա㽫Ķ˻ĶҲǺǹĻ֪顣ֵ
ĶϣҪȻô֪Ʒ絭˵еŭҲҪࡣ
Ҫ֪˵㣬ԸصȥҵˣֵڡĶĻص
ϻ˵㼸⣬ʵĻشңҪĻһڵħ䡣Ʒ˵
ܽڵħ䣿Ķʣз˼ּܿ
ѵ㻹ҵ𣿡ƷĶ
ЩļˣæĶȰĶͺúǵԲΪġ
ĶͷһЦҲֻĶŻչЦˣ漴Ʒ˵ʰɣֻҪ֪ģһ㡣
ڼʧ˶ĻɣƷʵ
ûҪ׼Ķ˵
Ʒ˵ͷֻѾսȭͷһɲԤӿͷ˵ɣǶôˣ
Ķ˻˿˵λӱѺھ֮⣬ӴţˣѾҳΪħʳˣ
ʲô
Ʒŭ˫ۣһǻɽ緢ŭڶϱܵıһǿµɱ¶̼䡣
ŭޣ񡭡
һ̣Ʒ޲ɱĻĻʬΡ
⻰ҲסˣҲƷһɳ嶯ŭ
ۣʹƷ鶯ӣɳưʵҵĺǶðɡ
ĺѾĻΪӣһĺ˵ѾϢԷĵĻĺĻúܺáĶص
裡ƷŭһͷĻ꣡TMɱĻƷԻὫңѪȥι
ĶƺѾ״̬Ʒη˶㣬Ʒһʱ֮ŭɱԼ
ĶԴʶ֮󣬾Ͳˡ
Ϣŭ˳رĶ֪Ļеܣǵúúôӳ飡˵
ƷͷѾŬȥѹеŭˡ
˵ĻҲĻˣֻĻǿɺ޵ļһû뵽Ȼǣ֮ǰûгҡĶ˵ҲǼΪļǺĻֵ꣬ҪǱĻĻҿ԰ǣϻп֤ĻԱ֮
Ҫ֪һĵطƷʵȻŭδҪ侲ࡣ
εһµħ󣬾ҲǾΪ󣬶ҴΪݣУʵҾлĻħĶħǾκ춯ĻĻյļһҲǵһʱҪĻΪգƾʵҲǾһĶɫصĽ͵
ʲôħҶһͬ󣡡һ˵
磬ҲǣСе˿ԽڵĻᡣ
ҵɶģҲȥֵ
ˣȻ˵ʵ΢ҲԸһͬ󣡡׻ҲǼΪʾǵҳ⡣
Լ£Ҳ˶ܺð飡ƷҡҡͷĶһ֣صʵһ㣬Ҫر㣬ΪĻܹʶҵĽܼԦͬĽԸоϰĹҴ֮ЩӦ֪ɣ
Ļ꾵Ķص
Ļ꾵ʲô˼Ʒʡ
Ļ걾ħˣǧǰʹߵ½ĻĻ꾵Ļ꾵Լ¼˵κҲ˵֮ǰõĻ꾵Լ¼һĽӽΧ֮ڣԲĴڡԭĻԴȡĻ꾵ȴȤԲһֱδ㶯֣ΪԺ䣬ԲŽٳˣΪԺҪЮ롣ȶص
汰ɣˣƷݺݵսȭͷѹĻʶԼĽѹĻܹԼƵĽ빦ڽʱĻܹͻȻᣬԭĻ꾵ƷһֱΪĻ꾵Ǽ


1152 꼫
Ǻǣ㵱ΪβЩһĻ꾵ǣƷЦֻЦú䡣
Բ𣬵ʱΪǵֻͬѭĻ˼ĶĻصȻ˵ҲҵԭҲҪΪҽħ䡣
һûôСۣȻѾ֪˸ʵ⣬ҲѭҵĳŵƷص
ֻܶ˵ллĶص
Ҫȥڵħ䣬Ҳõһֻ֮ˣʲôơƷ˵ĶƷûǰΡ
㡣Ķһνӡ
У㾹ȻĻˣӦнĻİ취ɣƷʡ
Ķ΢΢ͷбԳһöɫĻ£ϿֵͼĻͨԱĻ֤֪ҲĶö£ǾԲĻ˻ݡ
Ʒ粻ùĶеö£ȻħĳǵʱõƵĻ£ĶеöһЩ촦
ȻⶫǵжɾҪ׶ˡ˵
ΪжĽԣСǰȥɡƷ˵
лֵ
̫ˣԴչֽˡСΪԷܵЦ
أʡ
Ǿ廢ǰɡƷĶ廢ĻǼһӦøоɣ
Ļ꾵Ҳ޵ģֻܸӦӽĻΧ֮صʱĻȻ֪Ѿ֪ǵ١ĶصõýĻ꾵ˣȻԺ鷳ܴ󡣡
ߣⶫҾԲˣƷһĶξһΣʱ廢ǣǻ֮Ҷڵħ䡣
Ķ΢΢ͷΪĻĶǱĻˣҲôƷ硣
ƷڳŴ˴εжƻĶĻҲ˳ȥϾǹغ⣬ݳκεĲ
ڣĻʵǿж˶࣬ƷŻֻСμжƷһУСʵǺǿƷ硣
˴μƻ֮С
ΪƷħĳõ˲ٵ񣬻ҲõľʯյʱƷЩٴСʵ
֮Ʒ㽫СʱռУȡڲμж֮ǰǵʵǿ֡
ʱʱռУСھЩ뾧ʯеʵҲڲϵǿš
ƷĻ꾹ȻܹԼһЩȻҲ֪ܡĻȴȫʹûϾԪΪû𸮵ԪתĻǾ޷ġ
ҲΣգǽĻƼ˵Ļ˵ĻħĴʵԲܸʲôۣĻ궼þȥ
뾧ʯ״̬ƷҲûš
ɣƷֳĻ꾵
Ļ꾵ϣ⻬ľϷŵĹ⣬оĻ꾵ɢųаƷյõĻ꾵еʱ򣬾ѾоĻ꾵ǱһɼΪǿĻƷҲԹɻϧƷʵ㣬ֻܷˡ
Ʒ֮ѾԶԸĻ꾵ˡ
ȻˣƷҲҴ⣬ϾħеħǲɼΪĺ
̽Ʒչ΢Ļ̽Ļ꾵С
Ȼһ̽룬Ļ꾵бִԵıһǿĻƷ̽չ˵жԵķ

ƷҲɻʹһ£˶ݵĻ㱣֮䣬̽ĻȻĻ꾵ˡ
ԭˡƷɫһԵüΪأû뵽Ļ꾵Ȼ߱ջӸղŵ֮̽УĻ꾵ǱصĻǿڵĻǿȡ
뵽ڴˣƷѾһİա
ƷٴչǿĻһοȫԵĹ
Ȼ֮䣬ƷĻ֮ʱӿ۳˼𣬶Ը־лħʹû𹥻ʺϲˡ
ƣ
ƷһпֲļڵӿĻ꾵С
Ļ꾵ǱصĻое룬Ҳٵչ˷ĻȻ޾ɫĳż
ƷɫʤһĻѹסĻ꾵еĻϵ˳ϮĻ꾵еĻ
һԭһ㣬Ļ꾵еĻǿ޷ֵסƷĻ˫سԸоĻ꾵еĻѾʼڲϵļ
ϾſԿסļĻ꾵ȥƷĻ
հɣȼհɣƷЦѣЦƺĻ꾵УԿĻʹŤݡ
ò˵Ļ꾵ȷʵܹ죬ܵƷٰǿĳǹɻûбǿĴ̼չ˸Ϊǿҵķ
ƷҲоˣֻƷ粻ϵǿųȣѪɫ׻˰ϲĻ꾵ѾȼѪɫĹ档
ʱƣĻ꾵޷õ˵Ʒҵĳ£ͷѾȫѹȥĻ꾵еĻԽԽ
ȻȼУͻȻһϤĲҽС
ԼǿҵĻ֮Уֳ˼ƷΪ֮ϤӰԼλ뺢ǣƷ֪ѣܼ尾ҽ˺ѷΡ

Ʒ羪֣ĿԼ׽˱ʹļ尾ƷҲܡ

Ʒ˻һ˫۳죬ŭѡ
ӣҲĺӣǣѵ͸ԸȥʹƷ磬Ҳ̫˽˰ɡһЦجһĴƷԺС
Ļ꣡
ƷɫһĻеĳһ
ңƷʶѾʼһЩңƷȫʹռԭе侲Ѿʼɥʧˡ

ϤĲҽ˵Ĵ̶Ʒţһһ㣬ݺݵĴƷ
ɣ㲻˺ǡĻֻ

Ʒһ㣬ƷʶǰδеĻҡ

ЦְһϤĲҽϵĳƷʶ
Ȼ
ʱһɱϢͻȻƷԺСϢǴﴫģСоƷʶΣԽȥ̼Ʒѡ
Ʒ;£ȻȻ󣡾ȻǼ󣡺ÿµĻ꾵С
û뵽Ļ꾵ĻҼ󣬾ȻƷ˵ȻħеļƷħ
ʱƷʶѾ˹ȶ񣬲ΪκεļԻ󣬺ݺݵĺȵҪҵĻھͽˣ
͵ģƷ羹ȻĻ꾵нĻǿԵˡ
ԣĻ꾵нĻƷ翹⣬Ź˲õʱ䣬Ļ꾵елƷˡ
ͻȻ
飡һ
Ļ꾵Ǳը˿ڿжʱΪһƬĩ
ƷϥϢյĻ
͵£Ʒ羪Ȼ˫ۣﷺŰɫľâѾȫ췭ظı仯
ûƷ֮Ļ꾵еĻ֮Ѿﵽ˼µľ磬һٽˡ


1153 Ǳƻʼ
ž
ǲͻȻĻԺ𣬴ʹѡ
յħУĻ꼫Ϊ𾪵ĵɴ˫ۣˣĻ꾵Ȼˣ
Ļ꾵ӿ͹˵ĻħĻ꾵ǿԼ¼˵ԻĻ
ˣĻŭѣΪĻħȻôˣĻ۲ѣȻϵܻܿĻʵ̫õƷϵˡ
ϧˡĻ갵̾һгŭƷ֮һʽԭģ͸ǿʽĻѾ޷ټϰˡ
һֱĻ꾵֪ҪĻƷϵǼصĿռҲֻܴƷжǿռˡ
ߣƷ磡㻹ͦģζ㽫Ļ꾵˾ͿˣĻߵݡ
ʱħͻȻֳһɫӰһλ۵ߣһȫĿؿŵöǼĺɫ£֤λߵʵ
λƺоĻһЩħС
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Сôö˶˵ĻĻ꾵СѾ˰ɣɻ󲻽ʵ
̫ܣΪĻ꾵ԸΪĻ꾵лűһƻ壬һȥĻ꾵ӦˡĻüͷص
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ǺǣĻǾ͸ˣϱ֮⡣ĻհЦЦ
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Ļ΢΢ͷ۽ֻĿԵΪĹ죬Ļ㶢ţͻȻоĪһ⡣
ͷȻȥ۶ĻˣҲ֪˵ָֻоúòڡ
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ܷԸūƴʹֵĻķǵĻ¶ҳϵһ档
ܺãһأᶪʧĻ˵ţѾϷŹɫ߽
Եúܾţ亹ֲұֳκβӣҲ˺벽ֵֻҪΪЧϧ
ȷʵҳϣΪҲᡭĻĻûȫ˵꣬һֻצ֣ѾؿС
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ūڵġ˵֮ǰѾʧ˵ЧңԲװ׵ķԼ
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ߣֻɱƷҵԸˣĻ갵һӰһʧ

֮С˴뾧ʯ֮Ѿɹﵽ˰λľ磬Сʵԣ޻֮ҲһȥԿλǿߡ
ƷĻ꾵еĻ꼫֮ҲΪĿ£ƷѾӵ˶ԸĻ
Ļ֮صĶͳǣʵҲ֮סĻλλǿߣԵĵλ֮֡
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Ķõ֤£ҲֻλݶѣҲƷǵ˼ǱĻҲӵйߵݣ˻ɡ
ǱĻ֮ǰƷǶѾĶ˵Ϣһòװϵα죬ƷռּûĻ꾵ĸӦƷǿԺܰȻǱĻ
ĻеĻƷ׵ĸƳЩ֮ƷǱ㼴ǰĻ
ǣӽĻɽһǡ
飬һλλǿߣʮ֮УҲʵǿġ
ƷԦ𸮣Ȼ⡣ڽĻʱҪ·ǵŲ飬Ʒ粻òǡ
ʱƷźۣò壬ϵϢҲסˡ
ΪƷĻгԱλ֤ݣڽǵʱҲû⵽κε谭ҲؽκεǷѡ
ĻƶȱȽϸ񣬾ǵеĳԱ룬ҲҪǵĳнһЩҪĵǼǡ
ԿǣΪĻɽµĴǣƷǽǵʱ򣬿ԿĻˡ
ƷǵݲǺܸߣҲǵע⣬رЩݸߵˣƷһۡ
ԣƷǺɵıҵ˳ķ
иǼǵһλλߣƷǰǼǵʱҲûвʲôɣرƷڵǼϺպдϾ󿪲ߵʱλλȻ¶˼ֱģƷҲᣬ˳ͨˡ
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1154 
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ˣפĻɽµλλڼƷǵʱҲû¶ʲôɣҼƷǵϵǼǵı֮ʱб㲻˼֮⡣
´μסھ󿪲ߣԺûʲôҪ飬ñ棬ҪñֵĹһλĶƷǺǳ
ⲻ֪СӵĻ֮󣬴Ϊˬ嶯ҪɵЩŵļһ
ȻСܿԺ㴫ƷĻСܵжڿɲֳʲôҪɱЩСǵжƻɹˣ㻹»ûл𣿡
֪ˣ硣СĻӦţҲֻˡ
ţƷЦǺǵĶǺӹ˵˼λˣ´βǾԲȥˡ
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лˡƷ繧ﲻֳ˼ƷʯݹǺӣЦǺǣڿɾʱõĳͣТλ˵ġ
Ǻ˫һЦеĽӹЩʯΪƷļ˵벻㻹ͦµģúøɣԺȻǵĺô
ǵģһŬģֻǻλ˶ܹܡƷ繰ֵ
ǺǣֻС£ǿԽȥˡЦ
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ǺǣСδıЩСɫʱͲظһʶˡƷ絭һЦ
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ʱƷǺܿҵһ޴ĶУǾĿɵ㣬վڶеʱ򣬱洫ô֮ӦѾڿɾʯˡ
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ΧҲƷǣͬ飬ƷοǷ˴ⲻ˻⵽ĻĴˡôҿɶ֪ЩЩҡͷ̾Щֻڰ͵ЦֲͣеĹֻһ͵Ʒߡ
ȻƷǵݣҲûǵĻɣֻһЩλ΢Ŀ߶ѣҲûҪȥɡ
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һƷʯĻԭ׶ӲĹһЦݣӹƷеľʯЦе˵Ǻǣˣǵ棬ҲǺܹƽģϤǣǿҪŬԺиôġ
лˣǾԲṼƷ繧ĻЦȴǺݺһЦǺǣҪõҵĶǿɲô׵ġ
תĻΧЩ߽еǶ˰ɣǿҪ㣬Ժôٲǣ
˶٣ĻֶƷЦҲúûȥɣȽ֮Ǽǡ
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ƷӦƷǱĶĲɾʵҲһͷѣǼܵͼħƷѸƳˣҲ˻ǵݡ
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ֻöѡƷ絭ЦСȥЩˣ˵ܿΪˡ
ҽԺҪúչСҰЦӵʵҲǲλľ硣
ǺǣһһƷڨڨһЦ
ΧˣҲʱʱ͵͵ǰƷʾãƷҲǵĻӦҪĿҲֻ˵õһЩҪ֪Ϣѡ


1155 
Ļɽռ֮ľ
һЩͼλΪĻʵܶҲǺܺڵģ̵ľУûаʱĻܿܽ⵽˵Ķ
ΪĻڵƷѾ죬ƷвٵľʯЩ󿪲УƷǵ涼ǲġ
쳣ĽƷҲõĻʶΣƷǵǼǾʯʱĻ˽¸ƷǸ档
ȻƷҲû˷ʱ䣬ʱʱƷ˻Ŀʱʱ̽ԵһЩĻ飬Ʒ绹˵֪𸮣ĻɽĴ̽飬ѾĻоڡ
СɾԵЩͷˣʱ͵͵ѯƷʲôʱʼжƷҲֱӻشʱδ
νʱδƷ绹δѰԼĺӡ
Ķ˵ĻеԼĺӣʱǶھ󿪲ɵнһЩӲ죬ɵˣӦòǵӰ
գҲƽһټĶУֱ죬ƷЩ󿪲߶ĬĬڽſɾʯĹ
ĻֳֳޣĴѲӣֻҪ͵Ļ⵽ĻĶ޳ͷоЩ߾Ǽķһ㡣
СֹĽͷϵĹƲѣѲǱΪ˰ĻҲ̫ˡ
СֲȥΥƷ˼¶һЩ˶
ͬŷḻǱо飬ȻƷ绹û׼ҪչжҲЩһ㣬ĬĬĽſɵĹ
ʱһλλͻȻӶ˽ߵĻĶ߸OO@@˵˼ȻĻλλ뿪ˡ
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ûҵĶСƷмֳ֣嶯ҪȥԼĺӣȻڿİѪԵеĸоûġ
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ҲΪˣĵλĻĸߣ츳֮أ֪ģѾΪĻݣĻǰҲùԹԵľӡ
ʱĻ߽˶УʼѲŶеĿ
ĻϹϾӭһЦǺǣЩʯĿɶеò
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ţֳųޣƺѰĿһ㣬Ｗ˺⣬ƷЩڿеĿȥ
ĻЦеվԭأһϰƽӡ
Ʒ֮⣬ΧЩһʱƺԵüΪĿ־壬׷״ͷȫȥκһۣѵ״̬ȥ
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֪ΪΣһ˫ʱﾹȻĪһϤֵĸо
ĻͻȻǰֹķΧƷȻ󹧾ĶЦǺǣλ˲ţҲġ
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1156 ɱ
ʮˣ
ֻǣƷаٸнҲοӶѾˣúõվԼǰ˵ģƷ绹Ĳš
˵òԸʵ̫֮ˡ
Ѫˮǰλİߣ֪ΪΣȴһ㷢ŭĸоûУǱݺݵľһ°ɣʹ
ҲסˣƽĻȻ˸綼Ѿĸˡ
СҲǾվƷ󣬾㵵Ŀϣþò룬Ҳǳϲɫ
µһĻʵ̫˾ˣһλ΢λ޶ԣչǳ
ĻҲסˣƷ磺57ţϿ
57ţҲƷĴţΪĿ߻ûʸԼţִơ
ƺΪĻһʧе˹
Ȼǰλ΢λԼһĪϤУô˵澹ԼĴڣҲżջ𣬵ĻǺ棬ͳʣİɣ
ǰɡƷصʮӵĵһζԻ򵥵
ߣ֪ڷʲô𣿡һ
ңδ֮УƷɫƽĻص
ɶ񣬻ϿͷϴĻǳ
TMʲôƷСȴֱƿڴ
ˣ˵ʲôĻŭѣû뵽һλ΢λȻԼ
Χ˶ɵˣƷǲǷ˰ɣȻȥŭĻһǵ档
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ôһ𣿡Сǲм˵ôãǿԱˡ
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ƷָЩˣȻЩľ󿪲ߡ
һǸһƲá
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ɱ
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˵СʵֱǿֲЩλȫǵĶ֣ЩλڲҽҲ̶õʬ¡
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ʱСͻȻ˫һӣ˴ƬľʯȻЩסЩ󿪲߽еǲĻһͬĻǾ͸ϽЩʯȻ뿪ֻһΣҾԲظڶ飡
ЩԭŵˣٶϲæȥЩеľʯȻֻʵȥ
УһƬҡ


1157 
УһƬҡ
Щ󿪲ǿɲΪԼĻˣɢҵľʯ֮󣬱ѸٵĴӶ롣
СֺѾﵽǼʵЩеλͲǵĶ֡

ҽ֮׷ײϣɣѪɫݺᣬҲ̶õʬ嵹һƬһƬЩλ˵ǼֱǶ
ߣôãڿԺú÷йһˣСһչ˫绬ĳȺм˹ȥ
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ĻУΪ׵һλߣò壬λľ磬Ļǿߣǡ
һΪǿǣҲΪλʵǿߣųʮλλ֡
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ǱΪΣ޴ڣԲκһطǽǰΧסʱڰǱǸΧסˡ
ԣЦһĻǰΧסǣھȻ˼ҸΧסˡ
̼䣬Ļɽϣۼǧλλʵߡ
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ը֮죬ϣĻɽѾΪ˼ҵսҵĹ⻪䣬ķʯɽҽҲûͣǳĲпᡣ
Ⱥľޣǰͺ̵ĳɱţΪĴڣûǱޱȣƵЩλԷЩλɶǻˣˣҲˣ߼Ĳ졣


1158 ϣ
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ߣҵҪǸʲôطƷһУͷųڵԪչΪǰ̽飬ٵĳԨµĺڰ硣


1159 £
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أ
꣬裬ϵĻƷ˫У飬˷ŭͬ顣
ԿܱѪɫıԵУ˫趯ţƺʹİƷ磬ܹõѾꡣ
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һ㣬ƷоԼԪʼ⵽һЩƣҲ˵Ųϵ룬ƷʵᱻǿԵļһ֡
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Ļ꣡ҹ֪㲻ǺҪҵֵĻȥƷ糯ֻܺǿյĴ˷İĻ
ʵԵ˵ʱǵжôǿⲻҪҪǵںڰУӰ٣ڵеĸоµġ
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ҶҶһһƷۣʹģ˫ȭ߬Ѫ֮УЩڷˡ
һĽޣǵ꣬Ҳ˵ԼԽԽˡ
ֻǣƷֺ£ſѩ˿Ѿ⵽˲⡣ĻɱƷ绹ʲô
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Ʒ֪ǾԲ׵ıΪƷͻѿǡ
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Ʒ˺ѷΰ˻һȻĻе𽣡

һƬƬ𻨣Ʒŭնȥ˶ŮϵĺĽҲĵ
Ʒʹ಻ѣ˫۷Ѫ˿𽣣ȵĽŮԱǰʹţûãһжңûǣ
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΢ߣﲻĵطĶħˣɳƣĻľ棬ԿĶħܷŭ
ƷھĶħĴڣϧ㸧ŶŮݣһЦȣ˿ǾԲô׵ľ뿪ҵġ
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ģƷվӣޱ飬ֻѾһɼȿµɱ⣬ǵеһ㣬ǰǶġ
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ֻǣÿһϸϵĶμſµɱ
͵ģƷͻȻ˵Ѫɫӣ䶢žĶħ˵ɱ¾ʼ


1160 ɱ¾֮
Ǻǣ󣿡ĶħһЦȻ̵վ
ԼһͷɭȻհڸסƷ磬ֲµֶ̼¡ԭĺڰУǲϳһľ硣
ǺǣСӣӦɣ𲢷Ļħ裬ֻǱĻ֮иЭ᲻ڵĸʳʻرȺãӦúζɡĶħһЦ
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ǺɫҺУһɿµĶҺһŸʴĻĶħôһ£Ƕҹһɱڵĺһ㣬̾
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ħʱղ
һͳͻȻֹͣ
һ̣ոƺõƽĺڰռ䣬ͻȻܾһɹɿµĿռ䲨Ťɢѹ޹𶯡ɿռ䲨ĺݣڶ⼶ĿռƷǱɿռ䲨İΧסˡ
ǾĶħħ򣬿ǣΧռĲɱСռ䲨ڲ֮УҲҵĿռ䲨аѳֲסĶħܴھĶħħУƷͻ̶һ㣬粽С
ο㻹ôQĶħǿ޴ӣڿռеľ𵴲ųƷ硣
ռ𣡡Ʒ缫ǲм˵˵ռϵ裬Ʒ粢ȾĶħ˶Զ
Ʒ㽫ڵԪתΪ˿ռ֮ܿΧĿռ䲨Ĺ켣ӱþһˮζһ㣬ռ䲨Ʒ羹ȥζ
⡭ⲻܣĶħѣƷˣû뵽ԼħȻƷʧȥЧ
ŭ֮£ĶħȻûֹͣƣԵüСƷ˹ȥһȼյħЯſµĿռ֮Ʒ硣
ƷĽ𽣣˿ռ֮Ʒ˵ħӰ첻Ʒ硣
֪
Ʒһа麬ǿĿռ֮ӽնǿҲŵĿռ䡣
䣡
һ죬ƷһȻħеĿռй켣Ȼ䱬ը˿ɿռ֮ĳ֮£Ƭռ֧飬Ŀռ䱩֮ӿܡ
û뵽ħУΪƷ壬Ķħ޴ӱڱҵĿռУʹĴݲС
رһɱ¾֮裡Ʒޱ˵ӣ趯һ㣬δڱҵĿռУһİ׹⽣âӰٵܼûκεĹɣеĽâƺһ㣬һһĻھĶħܡ
ȷʵδĽâͬ趯ŵľ飬ֻЩâЯһɱɱ⣬Ʒŭ
ݣݣ
һĽâĴݲĥžĶħžĶħһ㣬һһ̵Ѫڡ
𣡡
ĶħʹҽУ޴ӷЩ׺ݵĽâϮʵǲҲ̶ãĵѪҺĴɽֹ
˵ڵƷһλ̵ɱ˶ħһƬƬиžĶħ壬ֱȫʣ


1161 
ȻھУƷʵӰ졣ĶħҲͽаλʵ뼼ϣȫƷ硣
ԣƷڲҲɵսʤĶħ
ڣھƷ̵Ĵݲ֮£Ķħ˵Ѫ޴棬ɭɭ׹ǣ¶÷ǳԡ
˵ʹĴݲС
ʱ򣬾ĶħѾʹҪľˣ־壬ֻоԼڵеſвϵǻš
أ
Ӵӣֻʣ¹ͷĵ
󡭡㣬ɱҡĶħʹУ޲ܹʹ졣
Ǻǣ㲻ϲʳھ㳢걻ʴζƷЦЦһ̧۳һɫǼ
ĶħƷеļɢĿϢĶħв˼Ϊ֮ľĶħ˵Ȼ֪ƷеɼԼɶô̵ĥ
㡭ֱͲˣĶħŭΣ޴ӷ
ǲ˲ҪҪҪ㸶صĴۣƷޱ˵˫һһεֱ˾Ķħ֮С
־壬Ŀ־塣
þĶħ׹޾Ԩ
ڰ֮УĶħ־ĿһɿµɫȻԼ֮С
ʹ࣬һǰδеʹ࣬˫ؼĥĴݲžĶħʹ֮УĶħһۿƷһųס
Ȼ󣬾Ķħʶʼȥҽ֮ҲʼԽԽ΢
걻٣ԶٽֻءƷʹֲֶΣɼƷгжŭ
ܿ죬Ķħ˫۱ȻֻĿһ˫ѪɫＷ˿־壬ɼھĶħǰ˶ʹĥ
ģƷ˲Ҳ̶õľĶħʬǰһݺݵı˾Ķħࡣ

Ʒüͷһ壬ԵüΪľȡ
û࣡ôܣƷ羪ѣھĶħڸʲô࣬ħûС
ɸղţĶħȷʵǻţǰһУ޷Գ͡
ѵƷͻȻɫȻ
ǺǣƷ磬Ǻ档һϤЦںڰкԤװĻ
ѭȥƷŭĿϳĻںڰ֮УȻųªߣźۣɢɭϢ
Ļ꣡ˣƷҧгݵĻǺ֮ǣò˵ĻȷʵһǳΣտµĵˡ
Ļɱ˱Ŀܣ˵ܲλѼһ𣿡ĻƽĻصƽУȴǰһɷŭɱ⡣
ܣ˵ħĿܣƷ𾪲ѣĻʵ̫ˡ
ǺǣĶħȥǱʹñط临ҲȫҪʳϵ꣬뿪ȷʵ뱾йЭǱܹȫԸΪħĻ국һһЦ
ߣãȻĿȥ֣ƷߵоǰĻϴһƺҪӵΣա
ⶫڱ˵ô汾ЩͨͨˣҲգһգۣǴˡĻЦ
벻еĻҪӵ顣ƷѵֻʹһЩɵֶ𣿡
Ǻǣ˴˱˴ˣ㻨ô˼ﲻҪҪĶħྫѪ𣿡ĻЦЦֵǱ㣬ĶħҵĿܶѣȫڲûνڣħûУʧ԰ɣ
Ʒɫһ˵еѪûýˣ
ɵƷŭʵҵأ㵽׽ôˣ
Ǻǣͦں𡣡ĻһЦ˫۷⣬˵ǱҲֱ˵ˣҪûǵֻһѡ񣬽ϵҲǺܹƽģȻ˱Ļ꾵
룡ƷΪҲ֪Ļ꾵Ǹʲô㱰ɵֶΣҾԲϵڶε
ôԸ뱾ˣȻΪ˽ĴƣĻƽκһֵĸ顣
ȻˣһΣٻ뿪Ʒݺݵ˵
ϧһԸ˿ɲֻб˶кܴȤءĻһȤζӣ˵λһֱҪˣˡ
ƷɫȻϵָû뵽Ȼλˡѵλ֪жǵĲ֮
ںڰ֮УֳӰ
û޻ʵĵ޻ǳĵ֮е֮ۡ
С𣿿Ҳûʲôر𰡡޻ʵ˵зŲм
ֻЦЦζƷ磬ǿƷĲѰ֮ȫ͸Ʒʵ粻ھĻʵǱԼֻǿ
ǺǣλӡƷһЦ޻˵ѵλ֪ʲôط𣿾Ͳ˻ᱳͱһ
Ʒ˵ˣȻָĻˡ
ĻȴƽЦǺǣͲضˣרΪ׼ģǲκӰġ
ޣĻͦܵġƷ̵
ôǲǸúú֮ǰҵĺ˰ɣĻЦ
Ҳ̫С˰ɣƷЦȻܴҪȥû赲סң
˵գƷ𽣣һɱ˰ӡ
СѣлԺú˵ȱô嶯Ц
ϲĶװʲôˣҪ̽ˮĵĻҾԲŹ㣡Ʒŭв
Ǻǣ˵ûɣСȷʵǺܿĻЦ
һĨ⣬Ʒ˵治˼ˮĵ츳ͬڳˣѾϷϰˡӦøлң˵洦ģ
˵ˮ磿ƷǷŭ
ô˲ţɲ̣ˡԴǰĻص
ڣŮɻֲܣƷ𽣣ɱ˹ȥ
ߣϷѾ㹻ˣ˾Ȼ˷һֱֳһ˸Űɫǿĳ
ݣ
ųеƷһ˺˹ȥ
ֻƽһ⽣ȴǼΪֲǿӲĿռҲ⽣˺˿ݺݵĻƷ硣
Ʒ޾ɫӲӲĽӭһ
أ
һ죬˫էǿ⣬ǿĽҵĳţ𵴳׾ĽݺŰŤĿռѾȰȵĹѿ

Ʒɫһһǿб˻ȥ
أƷ羪ĶеǷŹ⻪


1162 ħ
ƷܹʶԼеҲ⣬ǵҫԼеĳ˵齣ҴϽϷ֮л켣꣬һЩƻеģҲӦøеңܱϷʹ齣ˣⲢࡣ
ҵҪú̡Ʒ
Сӣηķˣ˾ȻôãʮİաĻƷ˵
ȴүү˵Ʒһ˫۷Ѫ⣬Ǿްŭһħ弶״̬
ٶѪⷺģɢֲϢҫ۹â֮УƷħΪĶħչĶʺɫ
ħ֮塣޻һȻѴĻĿ˽˴ƷϢƷħҲ𾪲ѡ
Ȼħܱ̬֮˲ٱʹھУƷӰҲûôȻվǵͬľ磬λ۷塣
֪СûôȻŰ֮ģҲò֮ݻˡĻһݰ̾ӡ
Ʒ翴üǶģĻܲٺأ
Ļ꣬е͵ҽһƷƵ
㡣Ļֳħһ߶޻˵λСӻбʾˣú
⻰˵ûˣǲ֪᲻ҵĽĶأƷ̰ĴЦ
죡ĻŭһеħԦ
ݣ
ħһٻ⽣Ӱǹֵһ㣬ϮƷ硣
⽣
һ޻ɫû뵽ĻĽȻ˵ã뵱ȣȫˣвɿʼź·Ʒ˵Ļ᲻ᱳͱһأ
˿̣Ʒ򽣵ĹϮĻ֮ļԦ֮֮ǰƷܻھж⣬ԴϴĻ꽻ֹ֮󣬻е֪ĻԼõƷĻαӦ֮ߡ
ڽУƷԸұ֤ܱ֮ȵԼ
ʱƷ˫һڱǰĻʱҪ侲࣬ԷĻļԦ֮ܶࡣ
򵥵˵ֻһЩ۷ѣܹʵ˺ĹΧƷ̽һ
ۼţ򽣿ϮƷ߷һĨЦһӰ֮С
ƷԵ磬ȫûйɣ򽣵ĹϮ֮УƷˣıƽĻꡣ
ĻһʧȥĻ꾵ƷʽӣڸͿ͸Ʒ빥켣ֻоһɭϢڲϵԼƽ
ңϢ֮ǰԾеƷ绹ҪǿΪľû뵽żղƷʵֳɳ˲١
ĻҲ֡
͵ģĻһ򽣵ķ֮С
ݣݣ
ĽڿռĴšƷĻӰȰҵĽʱʱš
޻ʿľѣκһ˵ʵǿǡȻĻҲ˵ʱǳ֣ǱյҲų֣þܹĻƷŪܾˣ˵Ÿ
ݺᣬۻңĻƷţٳδгƺѰʺֵĻᡣ
ֶԾκһϸڶʧ
ƷɫŹӰڲ֪УƷѾĻסһ㣬ĻںδܸоƷвĴڡ
Ļ걶ѹδйΣѹ֮УƷʵԽԽˣʧȥĻ꾵İЭĻѾúܱ
֪˫жá
ͻȻڿռзǿռͣһ㣬Ȼˡ
ʱƷĻ˴˶ʮס
ȻƷЦˣЦ˵Ĺ죬֮ľ裬㻹ԶˣΪʲôŽ
䣬ƷеͻȻԭռĻû⽣ӰȻ⵽Ʒʹ
ݣݣ
ĽǱȣƷԪǿ޵ĽĻ֮С
ʽɲǹ⻪
һԭڰ˲䱻һҫ۵İ׹ڸǣ޾İâУεĽʵĻС
ÿµĽ˾Ŀɿڴµ󷽴ˡ
Ļ𾪲ѣִ֮£ӽ𣬴һħ򣡡
ħĻƷԷĽһԵĽ
ǣħԷ˴˼仹żĲΨԪԷķŻᱻļ
¡¡
ڶıը֮죬ĽϮĻľħάƬ̱㱻ĽֱϮĻϱʹĻ˿ڡ
ˣĻŭһȣɲǹ⻪
Ȼ䣬ĻϱһɿֲħħжȻֳħĽâ
̼䣬ӴĹ⻪뽣򣬱˴˿ţ˭Ҳʾ
䣡䣡
׹ռ׷ѣʵǿÿ¡
޻㵲ѣĻɻΪĻƷĽ֮Ǽǲ⣬֪˵Ľǿ
Ѿá
ҵĹ⻪ʣѵĿռҲ𽥵Ŀʼϡ
ԼƷĻţֻĻȷʵǺǱϵòкüѪܵ˿ڣϵҲǻһѿڡ
֮Ʒȴûܵκε˺İš
ϴΪıɣȻҵĽ¡Ʒ˵һΣûôˣ
ǿЦĻЦţ˵ȻҵõʮҿûţҶĿħ֮壬ҲһֱΪȤ
ʲô˼ƷʣЩԡ
ߣΪֻʵĻһӵļ忪ʼ䶯оϺĻӾҪѿһ㣬ԸоĻڵħڳɱš
֣Ʒ簵ΪľܸоĻı仯Լαħʱ״̬ֻ࣬ĻԵúܶġ
ԼĻ겻͵УоȻ˼ΪĵɫճҺſбɢһŵĶ
ǣĻԵرʹ࣬ȫھҵĳ鶯ţڼͣ䶯е塣ȻѪɫ̣ⲢǴһ㣬˼̡
𣡡
Ļŭһɫ߱˿¶ΪªףϻճŶŵŧҺ
Ʒ̲סˣĻ仯Ҳ̫˰ɣģԼĿħɣҲ̫ħˡ
ȻĻ겢ǿħóĻʵȷʵǱ࣬ڼھУĻʵСӡ
޻ǾĿɿڴĻ򽻵ôãû뵽Ļ꾹Ȼ˿µʵѾȫǶĻ֪
ڣĻ֮󣬱Ʒ˵ߣƷ磬ȻĿħ塣ʮ˾ħ֮ԲĿħ֮壡ȻⲢǾħȫ״̬


1163 Ļĩ
ħ壡Ʒһȡ
ͬˣ޻Ҳ֡
ħ壬Ȼ֪ĻôģĻӦǲɼ˲ٵĶҺϣЩҺŴ̼Ч
ò˵ĻȷʵһţֻǶϡ
Ļ꾿ħ״̬֮ȻȷʵǳúܳªĻʵȷʵ֮ǰҪǿ࣬һǿı
ߣΪʲôأǱ˸ªĹѣƷ粻мĺߵҿԲ²⵽ĻľħƺЩá
ںòֻҪܹɱ㣬ǱɹΣĻЦЦޱȡ
ãϲɱһЩģĹƷ
Ļɫһһ㣬
һΣٶȻǾȫˡ
Ʒ粻УڵԪ˲עУӭĻꡣ
ٶȣò˼顣
һ˲䣬˱һ𣬸Իӳеݺݵ˹ȥ

ƺˣռҵĲΪ˲䱩ӿһɿֲ

ĻŭһħͻȻӿһɺڰӿϮ
Ʒ޾ɫ˳ӭǺڰ˹ȥ
䣡
ǿµĻţ£еҲľţѹ⻪䣬Ƭռȫɻ֮С
Сӡ𾪲ѣȻо˼û뵽Ʒ羹Ȼƿ˻֮ﵽ˶⼶ˮ׼
ѹĻ֣صȥԴ֣Ȼͬһ㣬ѾȫӰ쵽֮ص
治æ𣿡޻ͻȻʡ
ĻͺִܹˣǺܺ𣿡հЦЦ˵ĻҲãСҲãǶǵвʵ̫ˡ
Ǻǣˡ޻ʻĻЦţվһߣһͬⳡʼҵս

ʱ֮һƬҡ
׺ľޣչ˷ҵĹƣЩλ˺ȴǽڽڰˣЩǲģһһܲĳɱ
ס쵲ס
һЩͷλߣĴš
һȺмһβ͵һɨΧסλλǱһβɨ˳ȥ
໣
׻ϷǿҵĽ⣬˫ڿ𵴳޴Ļγܿ׷ױǳ˳ȥ
ȸдĹ˫һչµͨλԵֵ˲䱻Ϊĩ
ƾǿ壬ֱײ޵еĴڡ˵ȥ赲ס䣬ֻҪһӣҪײ˳ȥ
Ĵ޵ĹǿﻹޣȻʧ˲٣Щһߡ
̫ˣЩλѾ־ˣЩɱһ㣬ռôơһһĻԺöԸЩڿһȺһȺľɱµЩ޵ĶӵŲͬļܣЩδţֻǶ߱żɱ
ౣ
СХĽ׺Ҷ¡
ǸԿСķΧǸԵΪǱͷɢͷò֪жơ
MDӾͲò󣡡ŭѣĺۡħ߼л֮ƣŭޱȵɱС
һΣҲѧˡĺħΪףгСķߣȻСչҵĹ
ৣ
һĽâϵĴ߼ݺݵϮС
Сȫӣȶǿ޴ϮĽâһһݳɷ顣
湻˰ɣ
Сŭһ˫һ͵ɨӳһ޴ĺ۶ˡ
ĺǽԱӭ
κΣĹ׺ޱȣҵ֮ʹҲĺͷʹѣҲʵ̫Եˡ
أأ
ĺǿѪ⵽˾ҵĳֱӱǿԵĵݺݵĻ˳ȥ
ûյȴǼӵСǰŭȷ죡
ݣ
ɭĽ⣬Ƕ߰̽˹ѾõһֱӴСſľ졣
һǴȥĻܴССĺֱࡣ
⵹ǲȴǵ͹Сʵ
һϮСＷ˲мһҪڵʱСͻȻһϣĽȫһҧסˡ

ɫ䣬һҧý˵Ǵ̽ȥھܲܰγһ⡣˽ӽĶСһ˫ӣݺݵĲ¡
ಣ
СͻȻɫ⣬Ƿĳһ㣬ǵ

ǲҽһӾǵˣһƬѪʹɿ˳ˡ
См¿һ޴ͻȻѸС״̬Ȼӵǵǰ
ͣ
СֱһץǵؿУ䵭˵ҵ죬ȴ㣬Բ˼ħҪˣ
ɫһȻѾʧȥȫȴʹĳ鴤ţɫΪĿ־
ݺݵģС㽫ڵħ㱻С̵ȡ˳
ţǵӱȥ
Ǵˣ
Զĺħһɫ
棬ҲֵˡСһЦԸĺбܽʹڲҲɵĽ
ɱ
ĺһСû壬ñ֮ǰҪöԸЩ
ħҲ֪ĺһͬɱС
С߷Цվԭ˸յõǿʻħһ˫ȴڿĽԼɱĺǡ
ĺǵٶȺܿ죬һգ۱ӵСǰ

ŭһֱȫһĳſµħӭͷնС
Смһӣǿ̽˫֣նĳץ˹ȥ
أ
ѳСͣҲ޷ݽһ֡
ĺɫ֣벻û޻֮Сôǿ
ȻôãĺǱħ˲٣С״̬ҲǴﵽ˰λʵǶƥС
ƾСԸңСİ˵
ĺ˴ŭɴɿ˳˫ȭҲֻȭͷǿľŭĺС
˫ȭѵ֣ҲĺҲ뷨
֪Сǿù졣
ʱХֻȭͷȴ˸գſ˹ȥСӰʧǵǰ
ã
ĺ˾ֲѡ
ǺǣҲ֪ðϧˡϤЦǵ
ţĺǱ㿴ؿдһɾҵʹ࣬Ȼͷ־ĿԼǰֻצѾ͸˳
Ȼǵ£ǵħһǿҪˡСݺݵֽĺؿڵħȡ˳
һλλλλС
ԭСҪȥЭģлǽԿ˺ۣڰҲٻһЩʱ⡣
ԣСתЩ񼤶еȺӰɱȥСλ̬İλЩλ͸ûʤˡ
գҲĻĩա


1164 ۷弶
أ
һǿĶƷĻԱ𿪣Ѿٸغˡ
ǺǣСӹȻһףҲŲ˶ˡ˵
ô˵޻ʡ
ĻܵľԽԽǿСӵҲԽԽ󣬶ĻʵҲģŵƣҲҲΪҪǡС
ٺ٣Σ˵ġ޻Ц
޻ıһã֮˶ġ
ʱƷɫأû뵽Ļľħ徹֮ǿôãĻʵڳǿС
ʵⲢ⣬Ա߻޻һȻĻܰ˽ȻҲһֱôš
ֻǣĻܰӣŭʢԾӲҪƷ罩š
ݣ
ħĻŭı˹Ƹ͡
Ʒ֪һ֮ҲȫӭԪעУ޻εӲ˹ȥ

˫һһ֮죬ռ𶯣˹Ϯܡ
ĻˣѹƷ磬һֲħĿĶƷ磬
Ʒüͷ壬ĻǿѹŲˡ
͵ģĻͻȻڳһȭǿȭͷһȼյħŭıƷ˹ȥ
ƷһĻеħһӲħȻٵӭһƣǿжĻһȭ
䣡
ȭ𵴳ֲľΪı俪޴ˣɫʲһĹ⻪ռҵŤ
ĻһȭѹƷƣµĺڰٶ㳲ӿƷֱҪϮ롣
Ʒ練Ӧÿ죬˳עУǺڰֱС
ɻĳƷֱУƷĸоֱֻǻļʹ

ƷŭһֱһǰĻؿڴȥ
ĻƺϵƷ˷̧ħʵʵĻؿǰ
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ƷͻȻӿһֲԤС


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Ʒ֪ʱԲĻĶ֣ĻһˣûҪĻӲ˼
ʱ޻ͻȻƷΧ˹
ĻˣЦ޻ʣסСӣ
Ʒ羪£˵ҪԸĻ޻ʵĻƷԻѡ޻ʡ
ԣƷŭ޻ʡ
֪Ʒ嵽޻ʱ޻ʾǹ˿ûҪƷκĦ˼
Ʒ£ҲŹѵõĻᣬԨϿմٳ˳ȥ
޻ʣͲһˣ㾹ȻĻ겻ַŭĶ޻ʡ
޻ʳĬ
ʱ˵Ļ꣬Ϸ˼
ߣ˼һԺʲôصĺ𣿡Ļŭѡ
޷粻ˣΪϷ֪СƵĽСӵĻҲȫûеղϷΪ񼼿Խû뵽ȴŪܾˣôȥĻˣɣ˵
ǣĻùǺˣƶõһƻȻôǸˡ
Ļ꼫ǲʣô׵ķŹƷ磬㲻ŭ׷˳ȥ
ʱ޻ǰҲЩʵʵôСӣ
ĻһյĺܣҸղĻпһɿµ̰һʵǽСӣ˵ǾͻΪһֵĿ꣬ǵŵ㡣һȻ˫۷žâǷϰ˵ֻǣΪһʱĺʤû뵽Ϸ񼼾ȻܸƷ硣


1168 
ʱĻɽУȻڷļţĻѾ޷ŤתǬˡ
ȻνġʧҲǲС׻ڵĽǧֻޣѾɱˡֻЩλ֪ǲϧƴɱЩޣǿԸģ֪ЩĻǿ϶Ѫ
񣬼λȥλѾٶλʷĻ⵽޴ʧ
ԭЩλϣĻ֣ΪĻĵеĵʱȴǲ֪ȥⱾЩƴλеޱȵ
ౣ
СһƬĽ׺䶥ǿԵĽ׿ŰУЩʣµİλλֵ
Ѿ಻ԵѾ·ˣǵȴޣԶǵĻסЩλ·
֮£Щλֻƴлһ˿ϣǾΪĻĻܹ֣ȻⳡսǾ޷Ťתˡ

ҽһƬһƬЩλѷ˾û˰λСѹƣЩλȥԸСȰλǿߡ
֮УСǶħӰȺ֮Уа˫֣ոЩλĶڵħ񣬸ͲСһ֮С
ɱ
ҵĺɱʮλλǳͻСɱȥһλǷȼڵľѪ
СмɨЩŭɱĳȺλ͵չľҵȶ֮Уһεâȥ
ݣ
âͬһѰѷĳЯŽ׵Ű͵ĳλλС
Щλ˵ֱһجΣֻƴӭСǿṥ˵ȥɱСھܲܳ嵽Сǰһ⡣
û취ʵԵİԵԣЩλСĲʵ̫ԶˡС˵ԸЩλֱϰļ򵥡
һĳϮ֮£ʮλλʧ˲٣С˫һ裬ǿޱȵ˹ȥݺݵĻ˹ȥ
ݣ
һƬѪɽͷ­㱻иʧȥͷ­ʬʹĳ鴤ţͨͨ׹ڵء
ЩλĻһңɱ˵ֶʵ̫ˣҶһһ˿ĻᶼûС
С޾ʹֹͣɱ¾չɱΪ׺ĳȺ֮УһצһצĽЩλؿڸץƣֱȡħҲɱֱӵķֿɵõħǣСϲɱ˷ʽ
ЩλӣϧܵЩľޣŵİΧסǡ
ɱȥ
֪˭һȺӵĳɱȥƺҪɱһѪڡΪԸȥЩ˺ҲСɱħ
ߣСǣһ
˵գǺƴޣ͵ĳɱ˹ȥ
Ѹٵıսһţκռ˼ƣʣµ޶֣Щλһ˿ϣˡ
ӣô𣿡С㳯Щλɱȥ
УЩλѣѾ·ӡ
ҽɱϲЩλѾ׵ľˣѹһƬУСǵĲɱ
һߣ顢սҲ쵽β
ȻӵŰλʵҲǾλʵ֣ǿԶԸһλλǿߡ
Ͳͬˡ
죬ԶԶ޷ȼ˵ãֻȫĹУ֪ȥ
ɫᣬɱУѹǡ
ǵļҲã˿ȫһֱ
Ȼڳʱĥ֮£ǵʧأѾЩˣҲҪ֮ǰࡣ
ƣ˫˸ĹâǴ󷴻ʱˡ
ݣ
һ飬ٶҪ֮ǰ˺ü
ͻȻķһִ֮£𳤽ֵ
ǣȥƺݾһȻ;ƣͻȻḶ́ĻһĻ⣬ӭ˹ȥ

龪ĵɴ˫ۣҲӦÿ죬һ
飡
һǿҵִ뱾ʵ飬ȻҪԿպոозһǿľƽһӲıһ˳ȥ

һŭɱ˹
۲мȻһôãʱ·ˣ
TMĻû£ŭˣĻеĳӶһĹ⻡Ϯ
ˣǱĽѹסһ㡣
ʵˡ
ޱ飬ϷŪһ㣬ӣƾգȴֺɵıܹĹɭǿ˰Ľŷ״̬е
TMDֻ𣡡ּǿ˹ƣŭǣÿμҪʱ򣬶Ī˿ˡ
ͻȻ
ݣ
һ߰ĽǾ˾һ㣬ڷųͻȻֵĵ˫ۣһ趾Ľ⣬ĳԼķߣֱȡüĶ
һʵ̫ˣôͻȻ
ݣ
ռɭĳֱӴüд͸һŨŨѪĺ˳
м˿־ǲʣһ̣һֻħצֺݺݵĴؿڣǿȡڵħ
ţݺݵĳմѪҺĳ䵭˵Ӧ˰ɣ
Զ飬ĿһĻŵҰס
ӣ
ʶģѾ뷨
˻Ļɽķȥ
üͷ΢壬Ϸ⣬һ缫һ㣬׷ȥ
ٶȣɲģ״̬飬ôӳ׷أ
ಣ
һӱ㷴飬ͻȻǰ
㣿
ֱӱһٶʵ̫˰ɡ
ǺǣôԾôأһЦȻһ˸ֻһĽϮʶһƬڰ
ͣ
ֱӱеĳһ룬ȻǳֺݺݵȥݺݵĽڵħ˳
Ϊ⣬Ȼ˷˲ٵʱ䣬õһλħλħջҲǲС
չۣȴ˺СǱȥֽųɱ˹ȥ
ЩλͲСǵĶ֣ͻȻļ룬ЩλôˣǴķݡ
Ȼ
ʱһϵϢ𣬿ֲϿϮ

˷׷״󾪣ЩλоϤϢ֮ȴΪļϲ
ǵˣ
ЩλĽкţȻٶϣ
Сȴɫ䣬ϢĻ꣬˵ƷѾ⵽˲⡣
ɿŭϢ֮£һǿϢб˹һȵӰȴǼٵ˹
СǼˣΪϲ
ûǵӰƷ硣
أ
Ʒֱ˹ЩλûӾϲзӦһĽֱϮ
ݣ
һ˿ҽеĻᶼûУʮλλֱӱǵͻĽֱɱ
ʱƷɫŵĳ嵽Сǵǰֳ𸮣æߣ
ȻƷֱӽھеСǶͨͨУƷҲڣԦ𸮣һ⣬ʧ
֮ʱպտĻǷŭĺƷ磡ԲŹ㣡


1169 ľ
ĻɽϣһƬš
Ŷõʱ䣬λλֻʣȵʮλ
ˣ˵Ļǳ׵ıˡ
ȻĻ겢ںЩλƷֳֿ֮棬ĻŭֱһѪ˳
Ʒ磡Ҫɱ㣡һҪɱ㣡Ļ귢Ľţ˫۳죬ɫ鶯һ˵Ĵܡ

λɫʹĻǰͬǷŭѡ
ĻһЩǱѵЩλһŭŭЩǻʲôã
͵ģĻ˫һӣЩλδӦ㾪ֵıһɾ˹ȥ
Ȼ󣬱һҵʹ࣬ЩλʹĲҽУıĻ˸ɡ
ЩλˣζĻֻʣĻһˣԵ˵Ĳ
ǺǣȻˡһЦ޻ͻȻ֣Ǽ˸ղĻЩλħһĻΪ
Ļ꣬СӲûƭǣ㾹ȻаҪɱСӣŪܾ˵Ļǵ³ҲղŵЩһɡ޻ķ̵û뵽ĻΪԼ˶̵ĽЩλɱֶλ˷ָ
Ļ꾹ȻĻĻֶҰıлҪӵĿ£ƷĴڲȫû洦ġ
ĻŭѣĻͷŭˣݺݵ˵ΪǷƷǼһĻͲˣ
˵Ļɱġ
üͷоĻɱ˵Ļ꣬ΪϷ֪ʲô⣬ҪǶֵĻġ
˵ţսĻҪֵĻԿڱסĻ񣬺ο޻ڡ
ĻȻҪɱǣʱǵ񣬲𲻵ЧܻԿƴĻҲ޷óѡ
ԣĻֻסеŭ˵ǷƷ磬ǾԻڵġ
񱦲زҲҪˣʱǻлġΪȻ˵
ߣʱǹƽǿɾͱֱˣĻһݺݵŭˣȥ
Ļˡ޻ʺߵ
ڵܿ£Լ¶Źʵ̫ˡ˵
治֪ʱ񱦲ؿʱΣ޻ʲ̾
ڲЩʱڴ֮ǰǱǿǵʵԷ⡣˵ĵء

֮أ֮ƣѾиĶ
Ļ⵽ľ޴ʧѴ֮أһըԵϢڴ֮֮õĻ˵ǿˡ
ʱƷѰȻ뿪ĻΧûĻ꾵ĴڣĻѾ޷Ʒ١
ĻУҲǲȻҲ˷˲ٵħ񣬵Ҳ˽ٿŵħ
ص廢֮Ʒ㽫Щõħ񽻸ǴЩħŵʵǿࡣ
ƷҲǹЩʱ
ƷһϵڶŮϣΪӾĿѩ˿ֻһʧȥǶѡ
ԣ˴һУƷ˵ʧܵġûеõĶħྫѪŮľҲ֪
Ψ֮ƣƷֻǰ񶼡
ЩϻнȶŮİ취
Ʒ罫е񶼽Ǵ֮Ʒ㼱ǰ񶼡
Ʒص񶼵ʱ򣬵ȴһ硣
ѧԺзھȵĽ̸顣
޹޽ħΣڵϦ
ʱͼܿռУΧһˡ
ϳԺ֮⣬һЩˣЩ˶ĺȻĸ뿭
֮⣬С밬˿
ʱϳѾ󷨣ɫʹ࣬Ұδ֪֮С
ϳ߼ʹеѹڵħȫӪȡû뵽ڵħᱬħڷϮ塣
ϳϷ亹ǰδеأѾ֧Ų˶ˡ
Ϊʲôǵĺأĸ׿ʹѣܵÿһʹ࣬һںݺݵſġ
ûµģǵĺһ򶼺ܼǿһûµġſοţȴڲţмʹࡣ
ٷҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵ʲôȴֲ֪˵ҲǷǳĳʹ
ɫ鶯ԼѧԼѧħĥҲʹѣΪ̾λİɣƷСȥѰҽⶾ֮ˣźܿͿԸϻˡ
ʵϣ˾ĺã
˿ɫͣۿն飬гʹھΣԼһɱ˵֣Ҳ벻ΪʲôҪ
˿˫֣߬Ѫ֮У޲ÿȡ˿̵ʹ࣬ʹ޽ţ㣬ΪʲôҪʹҵĺʹʹĺúԼҲҾһʮˡ
ϧǰ˿ԼҲزⳡ磬תһʹãʩԸת޻ħȻ
ǣݲ˵ͬͬھԸҲأħͻȻʱܻ˶ȥ
˿̣Ұɫȫʹڳ鴤ţ˿þĲѡ
ʹý飬ǶѾ֪ˣûȥְ˿ֻǺܲףΪʲôҪʵ̫ɵˡ
أ㣬ɱҰһҪȥҶڵ㡭Сѿ޵ϡﻩˣ
ʹ࣬жʹࡣ
ȻһӰ˽
ûƷ硣
Ʒ硣˿¡
Ʒ翴Ļʱ˴סˣʹĽʵô£ô᣿
ѭƷ磬еĴŭеǷϣ
㻹ʣΪ㣡ݺݵŭƷ磬֪Ʒݣ¶һ޲ɱƷģǵĺӾǴħŻûа취ǵĺӣǾ͸ҹȥ
֪ǵĺӻôᣬҲֻôһŮھ͡˵˵ţʹ޷˵ȥˣſļʹ
ҡƷɫһ۽ʹĥʹ֡
Ʒ磡㣡ңСͻȻ߬Ʒŭš
Ʒޱ飬һ֮ɫ
Ʒ磬취ˡ˿޺ڼǰ˿ţֻʹġ
ٷǰдżϣʵСѣҵ취𣿡
ԲҡƷʹھεĴͷĲ֪ȥԴҡ
ԭļϣһ˲ǴԨһ㣬ϣȫˡ
ҹ
һʹ޵˵Ǳ
Ʒ絶һξԼ˵ܡ
ˮޱȵʹھΣ
ͻȻʱƷԺͻȻСҪλĻʵһ취

ƷԺͻȻǱݺݵĺ£һ¡


1170 ϣ
ĻͻȻҵһžݰ㡣
£ƷƾʧһкûУֱС
Ȼִͷ
Ʒ硭˿һⲢƷԸѣƷԲӱεġ
ߣһãŭѣ۰˿ƺҪ˵ʲôˡ
ңһĳš
ϳȫӪ飬ƷĵͻȻȥҲǽȻ֪
ʱƷȴѾ޿ռС
޿ռУΨһˡ
Ʒ£ʣλǰأ
Ǻǣ˲ٵڱչС΢΢һЦ˵С鷳ͻȻ뵽һ취Ҳһԡ
ǰ˵ƷԵúܽ
𼱣ڴ֮ǰҪǣ취һЧʧȴǲС˵
ǸȫΪҲҪҵѡƷԥĻص
ΪЦǺǣ⵹ظȫΪֻǳʱ޷ʹ𽣡
𽣣Ʒɻ󲻽⡣
ɲͬеҲӦ֪еĽӵŽɣ˵
ѵҪ飿Ʒʵ
ûеĽ飬һɷǳԵλڵħԽƵõĻԽħֻ鷳ǣСڵĽ黹쳣ıʹýĻֺһǽ˶֮볤ʱĳߣڴ㲻ʹ𽣣кôġǽ޷أǽһ֣ص˵
ƷɫͣеĽ鱾Ʒͨ˵ѪСԼһ㣬һӵǣѡƷԾ
ʵ취뵽ΪС֮ǰҵⶾİ취Աû˵˴Сֶ飬ʵǲ̿С˵ʹ࣬Ųѽ˷СѡСԼɡ̾
ɡƷԥһεھСȥģƷôأֲܶȣת˰˿ħıǰ˿
ˣԸһԡСͻȻƷԺС
С飡Ʒһ¡
ˣ㡣С˵˲ҪھܾȻˡ
лл㣬С顣Ʒ簵Ĵͷжѡ
ţƷ˵ǰҾһ°ɡ
СҪСĵ㣬仹׳ڣǼΪԵģһҪסȻλ˺˵ҲλµźǿıӻЩɹĻܴ󣬵һжҪС
ףҳȥˡƷ˵뿪𸮡
һ£ƷͻȻ˵ǰ
£ʵƷһ
㻹ʲô˵ǶԴ˰ĵƷ硣
а취ˡƷ˵
˴ϲԭʹŵĿͲӣʵа취ҵĺ𣿡
Ʒͷ
ƷãƷⷬĿҪ֮ǰࡣ
ʱƷ绺ߵĽϳ߻ȫѹڵħûиоƷĴڡ
˵Ŀ⣬Ʒ磬ϣ
ǣĿǣƷ羹Ȼ𽣣һĪµĽС
Сӣʲôһ
峤ɷģϷƷСѾǲ˺ġԺٷ򵱼˵
ʼ벻׾ѽܾԼĺӡ
ң˺飬ҾͻύҵƷͷ˵˵档
˵ͷºͰĿ˵Сֵܣ㣬ǵĺӿɾͰˡ
ллΡƷЦЦűȶ˫һֶƯͷ֮
ƾһ֣ڳ˿ó档
ɣƷչεĻڽУҲСҪΪһ壬ܸõļԦ
ţƷĻڣȷʵǺֹۣܲڵħƺܵĳִ̼ĺϳߵѹƶЧ
˵ҲӦĻɵĺˡ
ڣĴΪĽǶظϮˣԽǽĵطղõĻɼ˺
ԣΪ˱İȫƷ罫ڵԪעڣά

ϳ߶ʱһǴŭͻȻ侹Ȼһǿ
ϳߵԺбͬʱƷλǰҡ
ϳߴϲʣСѣҵĶħྫѪֻҪſܽ
ûҵѾ˽ⶾİ취ֻҪλǰúңԲܵκε˺Ʒ֣ص˵
ףһᾡ㡣ϻصϳܶƷųȥڵħ䣬ԶƷ绹ǼΪεġ
£ϳ߱㲻ǿ󷨵˶ħѹƣǿȥά塣
ϳ߶ƷΡ
Ȼʧȥϳߵѹƣڵħ㿪ʼΪˣӿħûܵκε谭֮£Ϯ塣
õϳƷάɶؾռ壬ҲɵѪ⡣
ʼˣƷ簵ǰδеء
ݣ
壬һǿԵĽڣԸоһԵ÷ǳʹࡣ
ʱƷ粻κεķģȫĲٿŽδڡ
ȻЩʱ򣬾ǽİԵƷƱѹϵܻʼڸĶء
Ҫǳϸ壬ԲܳκεĲ
ãƷڽĲٿͦģֵϳߵάƷ˳ĽͨΪĽС
зǳĵطڿɲͬƷ磬ڵĸǳ֮ƷҲʮֵľСĶء
УϢ˵˶ɫһĻҲһ¾Ʒ硣
ԼǣʱƷĶͷϵðˮٿؽ鲻ҪԵרģúķѴľ
˿ϣ⣬ʱȥÿһÿһ룬жݺݵľһ㣬ܲѡ
ϳ֪Ŀ£µħܹסƷҲԽΣ㾡ȫȥά塣
ʱ䣬ѵĶȹÿÿ룬Ҳ֪׹˶೤ʱ䡣
ʱ򣬿ԼɫҪ֮ǰ࣬ϲѣϣı
ڣƷŬ֮£ڵһɶأƷһơ
ɹˣ
ƷͻȻ۽ѰĴһȻ˱㵣ǵһӵϡ


1171 ʮĵ
Ҳ֪Ʒжá
һƺЩ۵ĹâƷӢУƷüͷ΢΢˼¡
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ôˡƷԺﻹЩʹ
һ˼ƷͻȻ£ˣ飡
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Ϥ˻ƷסԺֻǲûиӦĴڡ
һƷȻ֣𽣾Ҳڴ߷ţֻǽϵĹȴһĳš
С顣Ʒвһ𽣣ѾоСĴˣҲ֪ʹ
ǺǣСˣģû¡ͻȻ
ǰƷ£ʣҡҳɹ𣿡
ȻС־˲٣ֻǿкóһεʱ䣬С޷ʹˣΪѾ˳״̬õĻܵõĻᡣصдĳޡ
ʱͻȻ֨һ죬һλϤӰ˽
Ʒ硣
ſվŵģǰ˿ﻹһЩʱ䶼ǰ˿չƷ硣
˫۶ӣʡ
¡һ
˿ϵľﻩأƷȥһӱƷĻУǺӰ̫ˣˣ֪֪жൣ㡭
һ˺ܾ𣿡ƷȻʡ
˿̧ͷˡ
ʲô£Ʒ羪㵲ѣû뵽֪о˷µʱ䡣
أƷͻȻʡ
壬״ҲָĲҲܸм㣬˵ܹȥݷ塣˿صɫԵЩΣֵֻ˵ˣԺټ㣬Ҳȥ˵ʦְ֮
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ȻƷƺʲôʣˣϳأ
ϳѾԸˣˣ͵ɽһ˿ص
Ʒ˵ͷɫ֣˵˿Щұø㣬Ҳʧȥʱ飬һֱûи㣬Ҫ㣬ϣҪ׼
˵ɡ˿Ѿס
˶٣Ʒ㽫ڿѩ˿飬һһĸ˰˿
˿֮󣬲޶ĲչһЦǺǣλ飬ʵѾ֪ˣڼʧȥʱҿû˵ǵ顣
ǾͺáƷҲһ˿ûԼЦЦңҶǵİĵġ
֪ˣˣôֻһأ˿٩ʣˣλأ
δ֪ƷɫȻĻصȻ˵˴Ļл֮飬ֻ˵ЩʱƷгŭɫҲЩɱ
ôᡭ˿Ӳ£һɫ˵ʱѾôȥϳ߰ɣҲǻа취λ㡣
һƷص
Ʒȥ
Ϊ¹λӵ֮ǣƷҲûȥԺֱѧѧԺɽء
Ԩ֮£ȻĴڡ
Ʒνʱȴ⵽κεϳ֪ƷҪˣȻΪѡ
ģƷټĶС
ʯ̨ϣƺѵȺʱЦǺǵƷ硣
ƷСѣǿεˡЦĴк
ǺǣǳԾôħˣʵҵϸЦǺǵ˵
λǰǣҪǰæƷ˵
ؼ⣬˵Ƕȫɫ
Ʒ΢΢ͷбԳ𸮣һâ֮£ƯλŮӣֻɫ԰ףɫ
ǶҵӣֻһЩ⣬λǰνȣƷ˵дżֳʹ
ɫֱ࣬âڿǵڡ
Ƭ̣ǱͬʱԾĺȻ˶
Ʒ⡣
ƷСѣܹմˣ֮ΨĻϴżŭ˵
ûҵǶѾĻУҵλǱھֻǵҾȻλ֮ͷϵ⡣Ʒɱ˵
鷳ˡε̾Ϣһ
ѵλǰûа취𣿡Ʒгʧ֮⡣
Сѣ֪аǿн˵ᡣλӵ겢ޱĻȥΨ취ǴĻжǵ꣬ǲſɾȻǡص
ߣĻҾԲŹģƷȭ
Сѣ״̬Ǻܺãúûָ״̬ĻǼһĻϷһЭ㣬ϾĻǼһﻹбʾûء˵зż⣬ĻϳҲǼΪʹ޵ġ
ĻѾһȥѾ򡣡Ʒݺݵ˵
ԵĲЩСҲСҡҡͷѵ
᲻һ𣿡ƷȻʡ
ɾ˽̫ˡ̾˵ԭڰ͹ڰ͹֮ʱ֮бڰĵλȻԴӰ͹֮˳֮ص֮ʵԲһӰ˵ǿҿɲЩ˻˰֡
˲ңҲˣᣬǴңҲɱѡƷ˵
Σ񶼾ҳϵѡ˵
ллλǰƷ繰һֵλǰˣЩӱ񶼰ɣһָʵ֮󣬱Щһﳥʱ򡣡
ʲô¾ǡ˵
ǵġƷ˵꣬תȥ
ȥ֮ϱ㲻ɶԷ˵֮֮Ҫһˡ

صס˿ɫǵڵȺš
һƷ˿ʣƷ磬ˣ
λǰҲûа취Ʒ紹ͷɥĻص
ô죿˿ʡ
û취ֻܽĻǼһƷɫֵˣ˿ЩǾҪʱҲúúñչػָʵ
˿ͷ
Ʒ˰˿һ죬Ȼ˿뿪ѧԺ˵ȥ顣
Ʒû˿뿪֮ƷС
Ʒ𸮵ʱȴЦеĵȺš
ǰ㣿Ʒһ㵡
Сʧȥ𽣵Эʵȴа취ǿʵЦ
ʲô취Ʒ缤ʡ
취ǣ𸮵ʮĵţһеϲЦֻƷ￴Ц˾ëȻĸо


1172 ռ
ϾеޣȻǶ𸮵ĿռҪƷ˽öࡣ
ذӣƷĶѣƷҲϵεľؿƿֻЦЦûش˵ȥ˱Ȼ֪
ҲǸƷ磬޿ռС
ԿɼռдһţɢһϵϢ
СʵԴšЦ
صģ浽ʲôƷ̲סʡ
ǺǣֻҪǵãĶǾԲʧġЦ
֪㲻˵ҾͽȥúơƷűߵǵ֮ǰ
ֻǣƷùǣпһɿ־壬Īöǽűõľ롣
ƷԶԶǷǳڴ浽ʲôռأ
ڴƷվڽ֮ǰڵԪʼתٿ޿ռʱʱ򶼼ΪƷɲΪ׵ľͿԴš
̼䣬Ʒ˫бӿ۳һǿԪ˫ǽá
ͻȻ
Ʒһ˫ǿԪǽѹ˹ȥ
أ
˫һ㴫һ޴졣
룬ŵǿȿɲһǿټ㷴һɾ޴ķ֮ҲƷ˫Ƶľƶһ˿϶
Ʒ˴ϲ͵ǿеΪƶǽš
Ȼǳĵ㣬Ʒ羭һŬ֮ڴţǰ¶ټֿյĿռ䡣
֪Ƿſʱ򣬿ԸоһɿµĽ
ɽƷ޷Ľ⽣ɢϢܿ£Ʒ綼˶ӣ治򵥰
ͷƷƺ̫ڿ־ݽӲʵǰһͬȥ𣿡
ˣСԼȥɡЩ͵Ļص
ƷӰҡҡͷһڵĿռ̤롣
飡һ
Ʒ֮󣬽űĹرˣо˾һ֮ͨš
Сȥˣ׻ǲ֪ʱֵǰǿɫĶǵš
ǰ˿Ļص
Ǹһʵ̫ˡ׻µ˵
ʵ벻ף˽𸮵ʱΪҪ޿ռռһⲻ̫ĥˡɫ˵˲ٵĿͷ
Ǻǣ֪СܲͨǱ̬ļһһءȸ²Ц
ʱƷѾ⴦صĿռС
ֵǣԺֻǴ˼ֵϢռ䡣
Ȼ󣬳ĸ֮󣬱Ҳûеõκι⴦ռϢ
ռ䣬ʲôǲռ䣬ѵӵвǵĻҲ̫˷ˡ
Ʒɻ󲻽⣬վԭزܸоЩŹ֣˷ϢǹɽҲԽӵĿ¡
˸оǱһɿµνȻʲôûˣɿղǰ־ֲ١
֣⵽ʲôռ䣿Ʒɻ󣬱㿪ʼڿռĴѰš
Ŀռ棬ƺоһ˫Լһ㣬ǱһɭĺƷÿһͷָо̼ʧɹ˻˷ĸоִԼϮ
ˣ
Ʒ簵ټĿռˡ
£Ʒչ˻˲㸲סռ䡣
㵵ǣƷĻ֮£յȴʲôûУֱܵĸо־Բдġ
ݣ
Ѱ˼ţռͻȻһɿµνĶƷؿڴϮٶȼޱȣ⽣˷˼
ڣƷѾ޷ʹ𽣣ۼ⽣Ʒ統ڳ˫ƣгǿԪĻǰ
ǣһĻȴƷ𾪲ѡ
ΪƷǿԪȻ޷סǵǣǵǿԴ͸һʰ㣬ȻĴƷԪ

Ʒʱ㾪ֵĸоֱľʹ࣬һ㣬ǵεĽ˳Ʒֱǿڡ
ʹ࣬һɼҪ˺ѵʹ࣬ģʵʵĴڣƷʹе޷ֵסϮ

Ʒʹһӱ㵹˳ȥ
أƷǿվӣͻȻ⵽͵Ϯдŭ㳯ܳװŪģ֪ˣͷ¶βʲô־͸ҹ
ߣһСӣ˲񣡡һٶ˹ӦλΪߡ
ߵƺνԴ֮ﴫģƷĹˣȻûҵ˵Ӱ
Ʒ֪ߵǰղŶеǰܹһ
ϷȴϷĽ˵ߵͳƺżŭ⡣
Ʒ绹δӦֱƶһɿֲĽͬ޵ƷȫΧסˡµǣЩδڣȴеĸоȷʵǴĽһƷ档
ÿµĽƷɫɫأЩƷδģǿ£ƷֻԪӣͲ֪γ֣ƷǴںܱľ档
ϷΪʵʵΪȴʵܼʮʱ䣬Ϸͨ˿顣ߵϵƷĶߡ
ʮƷ簵ŭѣоǶԼʵ裬λʵֲߣƷֲҴ⡣
ʼˣߵ
䣬ƷڵĽ֮У͵ı㼤νʮ㣬ǲƷľ֮
ݣ
ʵ̫ˣѾסƷ·ǶŹ
ЩϮ⻹һֻˡ
£ƷסԼܹԵ侲һԸоܵĽХ֮Ϯ
ղţƷѾ̹ЩνǾԪ޷ֵĽ
ԣƷҲɵɵȥЩӲȻֻ˵ԼֻҪʮʱͿԣʱ̫ˣԼʵܲʮʱ䶼֧Ų˰ɣ
뵽ڴˣƷƾоЩ켣һȵڽδ
ݣ
һХÿÿǾޱȵĴƷĦ˹ȥ
Ʒ簵亹ʮʱͺǶ꣬ùԼΪȻ޷ӹЩľ
ͻȻ
Ʒһһ̣һƺѾõĽֱϮ⽣ȻʵԵĴڣڵֱƷؿڡ
ңƷķӦ죬һŤǵоյĴƷ˹ȥֱľ
Ȼ󣬹һĻʧˣǵոȥĽȻʧˡ
ģ
Ʒ羪ޱȵĵ˫ۣһɲԤжټӿͷ
͵ģƷһת˫۱־ĵɵͫףȻǽĳƷü֮˹ȥ

ƷҽһԺֻоһµĽϮټʶһƬհףΨһ˿ʵţҡҾô


1173 ɰü
ĸо
ƷʶƺѾ޾ԨУ˺ڰǾԼںڰͬ࣬ǶǺνʶãȻںڰĴƯţûνĿ뷽
ԩôԵ޹ʵˡ
ȻȻһ⣬Ʒ绹δӦʶǰ׹ǿг˽ȥ
ٶعʵƷ亹Ļ˫ۣǰһлǰʵǴһټĿռУĴȻĻһɹɿεĽ
һţƷ羪δղĸоʵģҲԼʵʵһΡ
˵ûҲ˵ѾһˡϤֻ
Ʒ£æʣǰô£
ռ䣬Ȼˣζ߻صȻû
ԭˡƷȻⲻռʲô˼ˣҲ̫˰ɡ
˵̫磬Ȼ˵ǲռ䣬ȴǻеĸܵĸоռܵʹҲȫʵġˣռ䣬Ҳ˵һڵĿռ䣬޾ĥ˵
ҸβܼǰƷʡ
ܼ򵥣ܹϷĽʮʱԼϷˣղŵıȴϷʧˡ߲õ˵
ǰ֮ǰСеǰ¡Ʒɫ֣̿һΪѰ˵ǰµĽʵúܣҸоҵǰĽѾʧЧˡ
ǺǣΪԪֻ㾳绹̫ˣڲռ㽫ܵѹƣֱ׵˵ʹõԪֻһЩ޵ߵЦ
޵ôͨǰĿ鰡Ʒһɬ˵Ϊλеˣڰе߿̬
Ϊ׽磬ӵ켶޷򵽽裬ǿ㣬Ҳһߺ޿˵
Щ˲ˬƷȴλ߾ˣƷ绹Ǻǫġ
ţƷ㹰ֵǰѵǣСѵ
ˣЩ׻ϷŴ̶㻹ǺúͨϷĿɡһֵУȻûдﵽϷЧ㽫Զ
⡭ôԣһ鶼ûƷһ㵣Ҳʵ̫˰ɡ
ߣﻹֲʼĶһ仰Ʒ㾪ֵĸоֿʼתˡ
ҾԲܱɣƷսڣһɾİɢԶǿĵˣƷ綼ûη
չƷ翪ʼסܵĶȻѾ˵ڲռԼڵԪЧģƷҲʹԪˣֻƾԼȥܹĹ
ݣ
һεĽƷ˫һΪǰľڵÿһʵԲɴ⡣
ڣƷǽƾӦΪѵĶܹϮȻһĽִӷǳĽǶȷ˹
Ʒκεиһ̼סЩķ켣Ҳӵ˼£š
еνȻľƷ磬ҲƷκεĻᡣ
һ
ֱ˵ʱ䣬Ʒ綼ֹȥˡ
ǣһսƷӵĳҲĵüҲûзӵ֮ǰǰ
ò˵⽣ǿñ̬ƾǶЩνƷܣ˵ȥˡ
ʱ䣬ƷκδϢĻᣬһνǶ߰Ĵܼ
һβͬǣЩεĽʵ̫ˣƷĽ֮ѾȫЩεĽΧסˣҲ·ˡ
ôƷ羪һ
ν֮УȻʵƷͷֲʵ
룬ʮʱҲ͵ˡ
ƴˣ
ƷһȫƾоĽӰӡ
ɲһʱ䶼ûйȥƷ㾪ֵĸоĴһʵʽȴǺݺݵĴ͸ԼӣҲƿһ඼ˡ
ˣƷֵáˡ
Ȼͨ⵽ʹĥ֮£Ʒʶֶ޾ĺڰУĸоѾòİˡ
ȻƷִӿնʶлصʵĥĲǳܳܣƷҲоޱȵƣۡ
ǰⲻĥ𣿡Ʒɥнп
ߣϷǰװĥĻǾͼϷĿ飬ȻԶɣϷһκε档
ǰ
Ʒպֿʼ
ûĹˡ
侲һҪ侲Ʒ粻ϵڸԼ˿ȶȻٴչʼϸĹ۲ΧЩνĹ켣
ʲôĽ
Ʒ˵һǳʹС
ݣ
ϤνĴܷ
һΣЩεĽƷȴ֮ǰ˼ĲͬʱƷԵú侲
ʵʵһþ㣬ԽȥԵƣԽ˵塣
Եľֹˮ
Ʒ羲վԭƺһ㡣ΧܾԸоν
Ʒƺ˽еʱ򣬲Ÿоʵ̫ˡ
ȫڽ硣
ʵָоħʦڤʱоŵԪؾ飬ƷоЩɶŵĽ
ǿˡ֮˫ΪͰЦŽеƷ硣
ͻȻ
Ʒ͵˫ۣϲеˣ
˵꣬һĽĴ͸Ʒؿڡ
ǣƷ֡һΡ
ȻƷʹķصʵУߵֻ˹ȴʮʱȥ򡣡
һΰɣƷ˵зޱȵš
߻صΧĽ
ͬˣƷȶסǽҵڤ뾳磬ð
ԸоڻƷζţˡ
ʱƷЦˣŵЦˡ
˿̣ƷӾǱ˵ᣬҲƺüΪĻζһ㣬ƷŤӣҪЩνеʱƷ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪׹˶೤ʱ䣬ƷҵĳĽУƷĻƺѾˡ
Բֹʮʱˡ
ģȻʣƷоΧĽʧ֮ʱƷ绺ۡ
㷢֣յĿռѾû˽Ĵڡ
ҡҳɹˣƷסˡ
ϷССһ֣ϷеĻҪǿѡеˡϤƷĶߣһεĸоʵ
ΪƷ羹ǲŵļԼǰԶƮһλ׷üߡ
ǣλü߾ȻֻаưĴСһճСһ㡣Ű£һɷӣССȴɢһϵϢ
ǰƷ羪֡
ǺǣϷŽɣΪüߡһĸϸİ׺Це˵ͣȴԵƷؿﶼһĪǿϸ˼¡
ǿߣľǿߡ


1174 ⽣
ɣüߣƷԺﱻˣô
ɣԭеʱ򣬾׷Ž硣
˵޽߾֮ʱɳΪ޵еĽɣҲأֻأԽһֶô˳Եľ簡
⴫˵еĽ֮ȴǿĪһԶܴﵽ߾硣
û뵽棬ȻλɣĽɡ
Ʒ纣ˮȣѣȹأǹĶ԰ü˵ǰ֮ǰС飬˽ɡ
Ϸ˵ˣϲνףɡüƽ˵ɫž޲
ǣǰƷ統͵͵̧ͷ˼۰üߣͷЦǰô
˵꣬Ʒˣⲻĺĺ
Ȼü󳤳İü΢΢һ£Լüߵżŭ

üһһεĽֱϮ
εĽɲǸղŵĽΪεĽǽҪǿϰٱƷ粻˵Ҳܲˡ
ݣ
ĽĴ͸Ʒؿڡ
ôһ䲻ĻƷ籯֡һΡ
Ʒʱ򣬱üЦص˵ǺǣԺ˵ʱҪעһ㣬Ϊ㡮ĿԲŻήһЩ
֪֪ǰѵǡƷɫֵ̿ӦǰλСƢɴúܣƷɴ˵ˣֵáˣʹɲܡ
ǺǣӦúܺϷΪλɣü΢΢һЦƢȻŹ֡
С֪ǰʾƷС˵ִ˰üߵļɻ䡣
ߣϼһϷ¶ģϷȻˣȻͱһ꣡üŭ˵
һꣿƷ羪ֵĵ˫ۣһɵöٵĹѾȫƷ֪ķ룬ƷԲỳɰüߵĻ
ȻüȻϰϹﶼǿλ˵жֲ
ǰʵ޷뿪𣿡Ʒ粻ʡ
ߣϷҪ뿪סңϷȻˣǾ;ԲΥáüһֵϷڵȵĳˡ
ңƷɻ󲻽⡣
Ϸ˾ͱһλ̳ˣҲ𸮵ȻˣҲڿϷˡü͸ذĸо˵Ͼϰ飬ûзѾǲˣɼüߵľΪǴﵽ˶ôֲľ硣
СȫǰƷ˵
ˣϷ뿪ֿɰȻĴȥôϷ򡣡ü߱˫˵
ʲôƷһˮˡ
ôôûţü߲õıƷ硣
ֻҡǰĶְƷпôҲܴܻϰĹﰡǹŽɼ
Ϸ׵˼ģϷܵռƣϷֻʹʮڷ֮һüƽ˵
üߵЩȴһըװƷԺʮڷ֮һˣǰüߵʵǾ֮䶼ɻһˣ
һƷܵ˲صĴ
뵽ǰԼľһЦΪԼѾ㲻ˣŰüߵʱƷ֪ԼǾ֮ˡ
ǰⲻڿЦ𣿡Ʒ˵
ڻϷ𣿡ü˫һһɭνֱ
ˣ
Ʒֻ˵һһʹϮ֡ˡ
Ʒʱ򣬰ü߰Ʒ˵СӣϷ˷ʱ䣬Ϸ׼ȥϼһٶһأøʵʵĴϷ򡣡
ááƷͷȻƢֵű˴ģ˵ǰʵôǿҾԲĶ֣ҪҴǰĻҲܵýһаʽɣ
üɫ˵Ϸǽɣ˴ϰıǽ
ǰҵĽѾƷһΡ
˭˵޽ͱҪýˣüһ
Ʒ£ӰüƽĻоƷŨȤ㹧ʵǰָ㡣
Ϸ֪ѾϰϼһĻȻʽϣǲĽ֮ȴƤëüĴ
ǰ˵üǣСƷ繰ֵλʵֲĹŽɣƷ̵ġ
ϷʵޣһණҪԼȥ򣬶ҲһֱϷ߹·ϷΨܽģǽšü˵
Ʒ΢΢ͷȥϰüߡ
˶٣üֵţ󾳣ǰ󾳵ĻϰĻѾˣϷͲˣǽҪһؿڣĽ֮
Ľ֮Ʒĥţѡ
νĽ򵥵˵ģļ޽ʤнüһɫΪƷ署š
ģƷ翪ʼϸϸѰ˼ţüصĻȻܼ򵥣ȴǲżֻƷδ
ͨ׵˵ĽҲ⽣⣬⻯Σü߾Ľš
Ʒýζʱʱӣָоĺ棬оƷǱһȫµ֮
ǰôſɲأƷ̲סʡ
ʵúã⣬ףıģϷü˵ţ̧֣һεĽ֣â
ƷԸоʵеĻһɱԼ
ǿĽƷ粻̾
ΪΣڽ⡣ü˵ȻֻδŵĴ˵ȺúȥӦĴڰɡţģĲԴͷ
ġƷ˼ţɼ侲ı˫ۣԺﲻϵĻŰüߵÿһ仰ɶǾ衣
ǺǣӿɽҲü߸Ű룬ͰЦСӵ츳ߣϼһǸӣϣҪϷʧ
˵꣬ü߱㵭ʧˡ
ģҵġƷ羲ţû뵽Ǳڤ뻹Ҫӵĳɲǹ̤Ľ
Եľ
ʱƷѾһҵľ硣
·𣬿ռѾֹˣʱҲֹͣš
ʱƷ粻֪ѾһΪ׵硣
ûûг֣һжôİ
ƺƷѾ𸮣忪ʱռƣ֮С
ƷԻ磬аţԻеĸоְһеػԻݣŹյԡ
ָоƷޱȵĳ죬ޱȵʣҪԴ˵ĸо
Ǿ߾硣


1175 սŽ
Ҳ֪жãƷڴӸ˹
Ȼĸоʵ֮ƷľΪ
Ʒţڲ֮ԼɲҲܴﵽһ硣
ˣü͵Цݡ
ָоĺлǰָ㡣Ʒ繰ֵ
ǺǣȻϷԤеҪ࣬ҲֻǿոŶѣĽ㻹һŲüЦ
ڰüߵƷѾȥˣΪƷüߵĿֲʵȻüߵƢǹ˵㣬ȴȥָƷ磬ƷлǼΪмġ
ţƷϹϾ˵ܵõǰָ㡣
һѾͨˣԽеڶϰҲҪһüɫࡣ
СϴƷ
ǺǣӦֻ⽣ǰᣬ㿪ʼȥɱСȻУһɷǱȵҪĶԺ󻹻ࡣüЦࡣ
Ʒ˼ţֶ˿֮
ղڸӦȻ֮ʱƷоһԴĿʱռ䣬ֻƷڻȥɿµǸһͱƵɴ
Ȼ
ƷĻΣں֮С
ȻƷԺ֮Уɻ˰üߵĻо˰ɣڵһǴڿһ㣬޷Ҳ޷ȴǴڵġñȣ㽫ĽģȥĽ
ҵĽƷ˼Ѱţһ˺һ㡣
һĻڻУƵ⾳Ʒܿ־硣
ҵĽƷľø߶ȵļУΪΣΪ塣
ʱƷ֮Уıֳһ壬ֻ⽣廹УѾƷˣѾɹ˵һ
ԣƷ粻˶иԼȥһһ㣬ĽҲʼ𽥵ĳΡ
оˣ⽣ǿΣаȻ֮ΪԵ
͵ģƷ˫ۣϷ˿ϲЦݣһֻ̧һεĽټ֡
ɹˣڳɹˣƷ缤ѡ
أ
Ʒ绹δӦԺб⵽һɾ޴ʶ˲˻ңƷʹһѪݺݵĵ˵ϡ
ô£Ʒ羪󲻽⡣
ߣΣȻ֮ȴȫͬ˲ٿأ򵥵˵֮ǷϵģüһƷǰΪá
ǰѵǣ̫ΪˡƷֵ̿
ˣϷҲ㣬ʱͺúȥ֮Ⲣ˵֮ͿˣҪһĽɱǿеüߵ˵Ȼʧˡ
ҲǴڰü߸ոʧһ̣ϣһĨЦݡ
ƷڰüߵĽ̻壬̡
ڴ˺ռƷ綼ڶԼ⽣ơȻڣƷ޷
ʧˣƷԣһһȥơ
˺üҲûгֹ
֮УƷѾȫ˽֮СʱƣƷ⽣ĲٿҲԽԽ졣
ݣ
һεĽݺŰ
Ʒӣ֣Ľ
ûڳʱļ֮ƷѾĲٿ⽣ˡ
ʱƷ绶ϲĲٿ⽣֮ʱһɿµĽϮ֮ǿֱӽƷ켣ơ
ءһ
Ʒһɫֵ˺˼
ǺǣɹͦġüЦǺǵĳƷǰ
ǰˡƷЦü߳ҲǼΪ˵ġ
ҿһֱڹע㣬ûֶѡüЦ
ƷҲûлɰüߵĻϾüߵͲڵƷȥģֵǰʱ䶼Ѿȥôˣҵ⽣ҲгɣһҪǰҳȥ
ôȥü߱Ʒ磬˵ϷӲϷԣҪȥǾͱôϷ򡣡
ƷȻҲҪ֪Լ⽣жǿãǾǰָ̡
ɣȳ֡ü߸ֵƷ硣
Ʒͷ֪üߵĿȫĻ⽣εĽȻƷ
Ʒ˫һΧĽ˲Ϊһ壬ںϳһǿνԸüȼˣƷȻȫ
ƷѾѱüȻɫݣ˸žâһ˫ӽƷ磬ûκθӡ
ָоƷĪһѹ
üͻȻСӣϷӲ˵ԣϷʵѾѹͬȵľ磬㻹Ҫ㶼޷ϷǾȥˣʧȥ𽣵Ͳǵ˵Ķ֡
סƷ˵㲻ϵǿ⽣
Ʒ˵ڵİü߾ԼĵˣԸ˵ĻƷԲκε֡
ݣ
ͻȻһƿ֮죬һεĽ͵ĴƷм˳ȥȥ裬ˣֻƷоϺЩʲô
üߵһĽϮƽ磬дһݲм
ۼǵҪаüߵʱ
ʱƷҲɴ˫ۣһĻ
ϧƷ籸ܴǡ
ֻüֻһ֣ǵƷΪǿ⽣ͱü赭дһ־͸˦˷顣
ܣƷ粻ʵĽе
ôܣü
ǰ˵ѾѹƵҵͬľΪҵ⽣һЧûУƷ粻ߵ˵ʱɹ԰üߵʱ˵ĲҰܣⲻǵڰ׷Ļ
ߣǿЦüһһɫ˵Ȼ⽣ѾɣȴҪһ㣬ǱʹںϣγһԴӿ͹˵Ļ⽣๲֮ͨؼǿȥΪһ塣
ƷŻȻֿɬ˵ǰⲻǵռҸ޷ҵԪôںأ
к֣ܶҲǲģȻ޷ʹԪֻҪںϣκԱǿߣɲơü˵
Ʒ£ڵھȻһֱûע⣬ԼڻǱһǿֻǱԪҪࡣ
Ѿ⣬ȴ޷ȥղŵһֻǿиɶѣֹǶϷ첻κε˺ģúȥɣϣ´αϷʧüƽ˵ƾʧˡ
Ʒ˼ãֵôͷˡ
ƷǽˣǴСƷԲʹ˷


1176 
⣬߱ż𣬵Ź֮ͨƼ򵥣߼ںϣѶȼ
أ
ƷѪҡź˲վȡ
ûʧˣҲǵһʧˡ
УƷ绹޷üľ磬һ⵽ķɣˡ
Ȼڲռеưһּ󣬵ʹĸоʵġ˵Ļ¾ǲҲҪѭʹĥˡ
ҾԲģһҪΪǿߣһҪȥƷ־ᶨﲻİƷһδʧٶվ
ʧˣǾͼʧܣǼ
Ʒһλ־սʿڻεʧУƷ⽣ҲԽԽ졣
νɣö֮ƷԽлںˡ
֮ü߼ƷϷοЦݡȻƷˡʶҲΪһעָƷУüȴĽƷ翴ΪԼĵӡ
ʱţ
ڲռеƺѾ˺ܳܳˣƷҲ֪ŮԼж೤ʱ䣬ҵУƷҲûκεʱ
ݣ
νڿռзţͣоһʵʵĽԶԶҪǰǿࡣ
ƷţܹʹԪĻԼ⽣֮Կ𽣵ǻҪǿ
Ǻǡ
һϤЦƷ֪ǰü߳ˡ
ǰƷ֣ͣǹĺţԵ԰üߵĽ̵ƷѾĬϰüΪԼĵʦ
ֽ˲٣ֻǻ᲻ϷʧأüȤζЦЦ
ǰģһʧƷһŵ˵
ɲ˵˵ѣϷҪüɫȻ˵ɣȥĻǾ͵ôϷ򡣡

Ʒͷ⻯ڵֵȻܺг⽣֮С
ٶƷ֮УһɿεĽ۶ƱˣΣһ
ǺǣģģϷҲܴˡüΪͰЦһ֣ϱҲ˳һεĽ
ƷˣΪϲüѾжԼֵ˼ˣζԼȷʵǽࡣ
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ȣ
Ʒ˫һһѾõ⽣ͬĶŰü߷˳ȥ
ݣ
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üҲ΢һ£ЦݣӭƷһֱӭ˹ȥ
أ
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ƷԺǱһ㣬Ըʹ˰벽üȴȻԭز
һƷˡ
Ʒû˶ܣٶ⽣ǿںУ֮ǰҪǿ⽣ݺݵֱŰü߼˹ȥ
üĴ˲ֳһ⽣ϲЦЦӭż⽣ӭȥ
飡
ǿԵνϵĽţεľ磬һѰɨĴʮֿ¡
ƷȻ֪ԼǰüߵĶ֣ƷȴǶüΪĿܣٿص⽣ҲԽԽ˳֡
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ü˫ž⣬ԽӵĶƷͣҲƷ磬ϵӭƷ⽣
⽣ҪȥŬ֮⣬ĳɳҪľսսɾõĴ
Ҳ֪˵׶жã֮Ʒõ⽣֮ҲԽӵ⽣ٶҲԽԽˡ
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භѾãƷ⽣ٿѾӵ˼£ȫһֳһɱ˵
ݣ
ͻȻһΪνոպôӰü⽣˹ȥٶȼޱȡ
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εǣƷ֡ˡ
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ǰԲһʧˡƷ紹ͷɥ̾
ӮˡüҡͷһЦ
ӮˣƷɻ󲻽⣬˵Լһ㶼û˵üߡ
㿴üЦ֣һ۶ԿһϸСİɫüëЦǺǣ˰ɣղѾϷһüë
һüëƷֱˣôʱ䣬Ȼֻ˰üһüëѣԼղſǡ˰üߵĽ¡
ǺǣɱСһüëܹ˶̵ʱ佫⽣˾ѾܲˡüЦЦֵңԺ֮·зǳ·ҪߣϷҲֻôˣ뿪ˡ
ǰһʱ䣬ƷǱжˣܹõһλŽɵָƷ缸Ӷ޲ĸ
ȥɣ㻹ڵ㡣ü˵
Ʒɫͣͷú̧ͷʣǰԺҪ뿪𣿡
üֻ΢΢ͷ
⻰ƷǰͰĶʦͻȻ㲻ᣬ뵽üΪȴԼϰҲͻˡ
ͨ
ƷͻȻ˫ȹأ˵Ʒ˫ȹعĸڶʦϤָƷ籸ܶ裬мǰܹƷһ񡣡
Ǻǣ˰ɣϷֻϣڲõĽܹΪѡü΢΢һЦ
ǣѣƷ绹û⻰˼̧ͷüߵӰʧˣһ㶼оˡ
ǰ
ƷһɫȻΪ֪ԼĶʦѾ뿪
ǰƷԲṼһŬϰһգϣܹٴμǰƷ˵꣬Ϊĳ
ȻƷ뿪뿪˲ռ䡣
˵ҲЦһʼƷ绹Ŭ뿪ھȻĲᡣ
Ʒڳˡ
ʱңԶδ֪Ŀռ֮Уֳ˰üߵӰ˫֮̾ΣѣΣҲˡǺǣϼһϣûѡˡ


1177 
ˡ
ɵĿƷ߳˲ռ䣬ֻǸпࡣ
رҪ˵ǣȻü뿪ˣռ仹һǱ޸ռļǿ棬ܵصĴˣڲռ˲ָʹǸող֮ڵˣֻҪڲռУҲܹ临
ֻϧƷ翪ռеˣҪȻͿԾȻˡ
С
֪ʱĴƺǽŸտʱˣҼƷʱԵ쳣ľȡ
λǰôˣǲǷڵҺǰһˣƷ٩
ǲһˡһ㵰ӡ
Сû£ͻȻʡ
Ȼû£ûɫ𣿡ƷЦ
ߴû𣿡׻ɫʡ
˵ǰü߰ɣǰһͦõġƷЦһʼܵüһĥƷµġ
֡׻Сֹš
ˣλǰ֪üǰΪηƷͻȻʵ
ߴ˿ͬȵλһɫĻص
ͬȵλȷʵƷ羪סˣһʼոüߵʱԼɹüߵ
СһǳҪ飬㲻ĻġɫСǴһλɣǰλаһ㣬Ǽʱ֣
СƷһ㶣ԼĶСΪΪλӵ飬һʱƷˡ
С˭׻ʡ
ҶӡƷص
ӣ£֣ص˵СӵֹۣСȥһ°ɡ
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ţƷǱƶռС
ԼѾУ޷
ֻʱȴ˫Ѫ죬ĿǼеһжԼһ㣬һƷǵʱûʶķŭ쵰̷ſ֮أ
ǺǣƷ絭һЦתͷʵСڵΣλǰ֪ʲôа
СȻǲνа֮СеаӦһԻĵĿ¶䣬аɾײˣҪǻݲԼֱֻʹڶκǱѰżǿıСٲĻѱˡ֣ص˵
ֲðü߻ԼӦǰü߿Ѿһ⣬ŲǰƷȥ
ɣƷչڵĻڡ
Ʒ羪㵵ǣھȻǱһɿµħеħҪӵĿ¡ħƻޱȣƺоƷĿӣֻҪħ⼫
ħصúеħҪӵƷ˵
С˶ԽſɿסСѾ̾
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ſǸסæ
СڵħȽ⣬ҼΪƻҪȫͱȥ̼ħħӵΪҲܽһٻ𣡡Ʒ˵ǿЦ
ǺǣС˼ˡ΢΢һЦҲ²⵽ԴƷӲռ֮Ѿ˼ı仯
պǿԽ⽣ˣ֪ʹԪ⽣Ļж¡
Ϊ˰ȫڳ֮Ʒ̱㽫еת˲ռУҲΪİȫ
ǣڲռűܵη壬㲻̤Ƭռ䣬ֻܾ޿ռеȴš
ʱڲռУ緢Ұްŭ۵Ʒ磬ƺѪһ㣬вǿҵɱ
ռ䣬ӵŲֱɱĻǸ֮ħӦҲˣΪħԵġ
Ψ֮ƣֻȥ̼ˡֻƷÿɬǣû뵽ӾȻֲභľ档
ҵĶӡƷΪʧ˵ѾֳһεĽڵԪ⽣֮С
ȻԪ֮Ʒ⽣ǿȾԲʹʱй֮ҲƷΪ棬⽣𽣵Ļǿأ
ɱ㣡
ŭһڶƷƣڵħҲڴ̼űͨħſµħ
ʣڸ֮壬ħ֮󣬹ƾ˰ٱҲѹǻ˵ˡ
ٶȶƷ˵ɲһ㣬ȫһεĲࡣ
ۼͳƷ۳⽣ûͻ˼ǹȵһ˿
ȻƷӵûӦһĽұлһѪܵĿӡ
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ʢŭѣڵħһȼǿҵħɱ⣬ŭӭƷɱ˹
Ʒ߷˵óѰЦݣڵƷͲپĻµħ
һΣƷͬǲͻţڱ͵ϮȻ̼
ڵħѾԿƵĵزڣеĽ֮Уѱǿµħռݡ
ɱ㣡ɱ㣡
׷Ʒ磬ȫûν顣
ʵԼĶӱʹĥƷҲǷǳʹġ
飡
һΣһȭƷ磬ƷҲȵ̽һƣסһȭ
ɱ˳ƻһֻȭͷȥɣ
Ʒ˫һ裬⽣֣ˣȵѰɣ
ݣһ
һĽ͵ıڡ

˫һɣϱһɾʹȫȴͻȻ䶯á
ƷĻѸסĴǿԵһΪΪˣתۼֻĽһ㣬ǿϮĴħ
ħѾڴ̼бȥƷ⽣ּİԵٶȼ죬ħ޷סƷĽ
ֻǣҪž޴ʹࡣ

ʹĲҽΡڵħıƷĽѹƵĵ֮С
ħҲΪƻҪȥ
ƷŹħһƣ
һ͵Ļеħ
飡
һεıը֮죬ħ˲㱻ǽݻ٣ҲŲҽһ˱ȥԹȥˡ
ʱƷ統ס˻еһԼƶִżӢףƷ¶˴ȰЦݣӣίˣԺҲˣһ˺˸صĴۣ


1178 ĸ
ƷӲռгڵǵȺš
Сðɣ
ûˣѾСתƵ޸ռֻмҪλǰæƷ˵
С¾ܷԸֵƺΪƷܹڲռö˶˵߳иӾƷ硣
СͻС֮صҲǣλǰӦѿСڼΪʼĸ֮壬֮صΪ֮ǰϣλǰָܹϰҲܻƻʡƷһɫ˵
İɣһᾡľġЦ
ҲͷˡƷ繰ֵȸˡ
˵գƷ뿪𸮡
뿪𸮣ƷһʱȥԺΪƷҲ֪ԼѾʧжãϾڲռϰУƷɲΪʱú̡ܶ
ԺҵڣƷѾϤˣƷܿԺһ·ҲסϵϢܲ
ˡ
ƷţԺңƷ硣
ƷԺҵĴǷһıԺٷΪϲӭ˹ЦǺǣƷСѣȥˣôڲŻҶܵء
ʲôꣿ˵Ѿ뿪ꣿƷĿ࣬Լڲռϰꡣ
ǰȷʵʧ갡ҶܵأΪʲôءٷ˵ͷʣˣƷСѣȥˣ뿪ôҲϷȴк
һֱڱչؾޡƷص
ޣԭˣƷСѵΪִнչٷЦǺǵ˵
ˣ˿ģƷæʡ
ģһֱ塣ٷص
Ʒ˼˻Ժû뵽ұչؾȻôʱ䣬ҵ飬鷳Ժתϳߣݷá
ҲǣѾˡǺǣģϷϳתġٷص
ǾллԺˣиǡƷ繰һ
Ʒ뿪֮󣬰ٷ㲻ɰÿµϢֱǿˡ

ƷȻ뿪ѧԺ֮С
֮УˣﲻƷҲرĿ⡣
ƷСǵİΣԴĻ٣֮п϶ôƷҪ뿪
壬еһ壬Ʒ֮ܿ
ò˵岻񶼵һ壬ɲԺѾﵽʮռķΧҲ֮ס
ʱƷ㱻ЩĮסˡ
壬ͿԽȥġһλĶƷ˵
鷳ȥ֪ͨǵļ˵ƷǰݷáƷص
Ʒ磡Ʒ磿λȻסˡ
ǣ鷳ȥͨƷȻܲˬǷ壬ƷҲٵ塣
ǺǣˣѷԸˣ롣λĮбȷ黹ĻһѺõЦݣΪĽƷӭ˽ȥ
Ʒһʱ÷ܴ󣬵Ҳû˵ʲôĵͷλȥ
˵ɲɣƷŸսȥãһλ࿡Σλ˹һƷʱ򣬴Ϊɻ󣬱е£
λӱϹϾүλƷˣѷԸҪ
ʲôȹһȥȳλһͷεһƷ磬־ǰλү㼫Ϊε˵һߡ
Ʒ磿ʵ
Ʒ絭ĳλүˣһүӣ˲ﶼеġʵҲǲλֻƷȥ㣬ֱǰȥ
վס㵲ƷǰʢΪŭȻô棬Ʒ羹Լ֪ʲôط𣿡
֪塣ƷޱĻص
֪ͺãƷ磬ŭ˵˵һﾹȻ㺦ãԴû֮þûĹ˵Ҹôˡ
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Сӣװɵܲ᲻ʶɣͷص
ԭҲǳԼöѣƷ絹Ҳƽˣ˵µĻҵΣⲻ𣿡
ǺǣһЦͻȻɫһŭҪȥͨһأ
˵գ㳯Ʒӳһơ
ΧҲһүƢǿǷǳֽѵƷ磬λڵеͬ顣
Ƕ֪Ʒʵֻ뵽ƷɾҪϿˡ
飡һ
˶ټΪƷ絹ˡ
ⲻ֪ǳԾĿ㾹Ȼ˻֮Զľ֮ɫƷȴվԭزͲ֪ƷǺʱֵġ
㣿۳ԾĶƷ磬ոҪƷʱ򣬱оһεľԼ˻ֻ˵Ʒʵֲܿ
үλæŵǰ
ǹŭƷ磬бԳһѷĳָƷ˵СӣξͿô
˵գ֣һϵĳס֣
ѭȥ뿭Ѱ˹ͬеĻмλļλ߲һа˿飬ֻɫǺܺá
סȻǽŷ׷׹
ߣ£ûأ֪ƷСĿ𣿡ߵ
ףɡһʡ
ƷСҪԸĻѾ֪жٱˡԴ
ղѣֻվһߡ
Ʒ磡˿еƷʱԵ쳣ļ
Ҳ΢΢̧ͷȻ˼Ʒ磬۹һϲ֮⣬ܿȻ
ƷҲһ飬мΪھΣо״ܺãƷҲһħѾӰˡ
ǺǣƷСѣˡѺõЦ
˴ġƷֱӵ
𣿡üһԼİŮ̾ѡ
˿ûʲôķӦƷʧ϶ټ񶼡
ֻƷĻ֮ԭ԰׵ɫͱԽӵĲ԰ס
ǺǣȻˣҲĿˣЩߣΣЦ˽ҲΪԼŮ
ллĺ⣬ҵѻһЩ鷳ҵ˿뿪Ʒص
Ʒ磬Ҫô𣿡˿ͻȻʣһֲޱ飬ദ˿Ҳ֪ҲİƷģ԰˿Ҳǲٶһλõġ
˿ѾˣĺܵСǡƷص
֪ˡ˿΢΢ͷһΣһӱúΡ
ŭѣ޲ҪƷһ㣬ҪԼĸڣȻ϶ҪƷ綯ˡ
ллʢ飬ֻƷĻû˵꣬ƺڽͻȻһ㣬ͻȻ̧ͷƷʵҪôҪ뿪ô𣿡
ƷһʱȻȻ֪Լ⣬ƷѾӵλˣܹȥκŮˡ
˿ƷһƽĶ˵û˼Զҵѡ
ǺǣѡЦˣֻЦúܿɬЦúʹģһŰ˿֣һЦ˿ǸŮԺԲܹȻҾԲԭ㣡
㡭˿⡣
֪ƷЦЦ
ȥɣãһҸġɿ˰˿֣תˮȴ£ȥӰԵ˵ĹĪʹġ
ǾĿһĻȻϣˣҲܲȥǿƷ磬ҲǱעԵ޷֡
ʱƷˮİ˿ƷҲΣ飬ԺҲһҵҸ
ȻƷһ֮󣬱Ű˿뿪壬ΪƷѾûκεԼ
ȥ֮󣬿ȴǿǵĺӰ
ǵĺҲóˣԺ·ܳءҡͷкγΪԼŮеϧأ


1179 ֮
ڣƷŰ˿뿪񶼡
ñ꣬Ҳ֪֮ˣ
Ʒ磬Ĳϲ𣿡˿̲סʡ
Ѿˣٽκˣֻǽ鵱ҵѡƷص
ҾͦģǺܰ㡣˿ֵ
ϲɵѾͷֻȥűˣѵҵİָܶŮ𣿡Ʒ٩
ߣ㣬ǲǻŽ˿ʵ
ƷͻȻʧԺﲻֳά˿ӣѾȥʮˣҲ֪ά˿׹Σ
Ʒʧӣ˿ݺݵľƷ֣˵ҿǣĹ
ҡƷƿԣǱ˿˵ˣ޷˿ڻŴأǵøϿȥܸо˲ô֡
˿˵ͷҲٳƤ
Ʒ밬˿ٸ廢ǡ
Ʒǵٶȣ̶Ƭ̣廢
⡣ƷŰ˿סϵϢڸ߿֮УɫصĿ廢ǵĶ
ôˣ˿ʡ
Ҹо廢һŨصɱӦǾһҵɱ¾Ʒصзŭ⣬ֵѾоСǵϢˡ
ǲǳ˰ɣ˿Ȼ
֪ȥ֮￴ɡƷҡҡͷִŰ˿֮صķȥ
Ʒ֮صʱѾûνĴӴˣڷ֮еһɺΰľ޳ǣǲʮǡ
ۿɼǳſϣպչż֡޻ʳǡ
ֻǣƷջǣ޴ĳ˸оһŨصɱ֮⣬ûиоСǵϢڡ
ģ׳ʲôˣƷŭɫ
û𣿡˿ʣҲʶ̬ԡ
ƷͷСҵԼޣڲ֪ΪΣҾȻӦСĴڣ֪С޴󰭣ֻѰǡ
ڿô죿˿ʡ
ߣֱʣƷһŭУŰ˿ֱӽһģԺС
˵ܹȹģסԺӦþǳˡ
Ϊİ䱸ɭϣǿƾλƷ͸онλǱǰʮκһǵĳҪǿ
ңԸоǣŨԲ²⵽ѾǱ޻ʵռˣСǵֻأ
ȻǿƷ˵Щ˼ֱϰС
ԣƷŰ˿ֱӵıС
ʲôˣ
һȳټƷǸһأʮλΧлλﵽǼϵλ
ЩһƷǵʱҲΪ㵣ȻһŮᣬʷǷܹϢǱУʵԲС
ƷǾվԭΧЩȫмһˡ
ߣǵĳ˭Ʒʵ
ʲôǳʵ𣿡ͷһλλĽе
Ʒһ˫һһεĽͻȻλλϮȥ
ͨ
λλֱӵ˵ϣԼλλֵĵ˫ۣؿϹƿһѪ
ˣôԵ޹ʵˣ
˾ֲѣǹĽƷ磬δȻ˶ɱ˵ġ
һʱ䣬Щ˶סˣ֪룬˭ҲҶƷǶ֣ʵѾԶԶǵ
ƷĻһΧЩɫֵˣһεɱɢ˳ȥЩоڴϮһ㣬һëȻĸоټӿͷƺᵽһвϢ
ȭƷͻȻЩСʲʲôȻˣ
䣬Ʒ͵һ̧֣һεĽϮ

һĲҽУЩӦĻᶼûУԲأΨһͬǵؿ϶Ǳһؿڣֱӱˡ
Ʒ硭˿Ʒ֣ηĸоƷɢŭɱ֮оڵƷúܿ¡
ģû£Щ˱͸ﲻǣƷĻص
Сĵ㡣˿صĸƷ
Ʒɱ֮һŰ˿ֱһһȥ
ڣƷֳĶСбӿֳ˳ȺӰΪȻҲ⵽λֵ
ƷȥЩˣһĻ˲ֳʮεĽ˵ǸЩǼλ޷Ʒ⽣
ݣ
εĽݺŰһĲҽһԭ׼ɱƷǵˣûĪĲˡ
ʱƷλͻȻİֱͣǸɱĶħȥ֮ʬҰǼλǿߣҲƷһ֮С
⽣ɱΣԪ֮󣬾λǿߣƷҲ˲һɱ

һƬһƬĲҽµʬѾ̳һ·ˣʵǲҲ̶á
̶ʮӲʱ䣬Ʒе˾Ѵλλ߾ʮλ
Ʒޱ飬ȻһŰ˿΢΢ӻ֣һεĽϮȥÿһǾȷƺһ㣬һУ
ڣЩڸе־ˣе˶ֵķۼȥ
ƷˣŰ˿֣˳֮⡣
Լڳ֮ԺѾһȺˣٶλаһٶλλߣЩλߵձʵǿ
һΪַŭĶƷǣȴ˸ж֣ΪƷʵסЩˡ
ԣ±˿ЦһĻ˰ΧסƷˣȻȺǱƵһ㣬һ
ߣ޻ʵˣƷ簵һܹӵӴҲΨ޻ʵˡֻƷֵǣ޻ʱ˲Ϊ޻ʵһռΪӪ
ƷΪ󣬱㳯Ⱥʵѵ޻ʳǵĳǸͷ¶βĵСɫ𣿡
ˣһٶ
Ͽմ৵ıֳӰ
ˣԿȻ߱λϵʵΪ׵һλɫ̷ӣʵѾﵽ˰λ
Щ˸Ǽǿߵĳ֣ƷѾ԰ٷְȷЩ޻ʵˡ
ʱҲϸĴƷǣɫأΪ˰˿֮⣬Ǹȫ͸Ʒʵ
ΨһԸоǣλİ͵ʵԱҪǿ


1180 ͨͨɱ
ҪĳҴǣΪ׵λӽ˵ŭѣȻ˸ҹȻ۸
Ʒֻ΢΢üͷзŲм
ߣ֪Ҵ˭ҿ޻ʴµĵһʹͷⰻȻ
ӲŲʲôΪλ޻ʳǣ޻ʵ˲ú޻ɽţƷ
Сӣ˰ɣôⶼ֪һƷ磬ǰʱĻ޻ʵǳѾûˣ޻ʵ˷֣ʵΪȻ޻ʵġ
ûˣ׷ʲô飿Ʒ羪㵲ѣϢʵ̫ˡ
Ȼûˣ˵λһصĵطչ뾪λ¶ʹ˱뿪ȻǵˣϾоƷĿʵʱƷ緢ͻĻɲΪǺ¡
£ôλһɴ䣬ʵԶܱȼ
ԭأƷʵ
ߣȻĻص
ôĿǽƷǲЩƷɫһŨҵɱÿе¶Ȼޱȡ
ʲôƷ磡ֲѣΧҲĿɫŰĽƷ磬Ӷ
ôƷͻȻһֱӱƽȺλǰǿҵɱ˵շˣ
ݣ
ļλλûӦеĻᶼûУ㱻һεĽؿڣ
һĻʵֲ̫ˣû˭ܹƷ絽γֵģⶼûǼλȥλȷʵ⵽ϮɱΡ
ƷһѪӣȺ֮УƷ˵ЩѾˡ
˿̾ѣȻϲѪĳ棬ڸ޷ȥֹƷ硣
ɫ֣źˣͲȥƷɱ
Ծ壬ھԲչųһʱ򣬶ٶŭȵǻɵվŸʲôһϣڻ½𣡡
ǴĻһЩЧ˶ڣЩλĵҲ𽥴һֳŰΧסƷ硣
ɱ
һ
ټƬӰǰͺ̵ĳƷɱ˹һƬƬĽϮסƷ·
ֻƷûҪ˼
һȺƷһһٵ˵֮£Ԫںϣһε⽣ɢ俪
飡
һ֮죬ЩĽԱһɾĪĴݻˡ
˾£ҲûֹͣƣȺӰеĳֱӳ嵽Ʒǰ
ȻЩλ嵽Ʒǰʱˡ
ɱһɱرǿƷһ˫Ѫӣоһǡ
ݣ
һεĽ̼ܷ˳ȥЩλֻоƺһεĽϮͲ֪ȥֵ
ƷɲЩ˻ᣬΡ

һƬҽУѪɽǰʮλλĲƷȻԭûֵӡ
ţƷ̧ͷޱĻЩɫֵλ˵˵ˣ˶
ȻƷ΢΢һ£ȰȺ֮С
ʧˣɫŵĽžš
ݣ
һεĽͻȻܼȺ֮кԤ׵ķЩλ֪׷ʲô飬ʮλλ
ֲԵĸͲһˣһħεħٶȣǾһȺˣҲû׷ٵƷӰ
ɱ¾Ȼڼ
ƷΣȺ֮УЯεĽεոЩλЩλƺЩɥʧǰĴţ˭Ҳ֪һĿ᲻

ҽһν߸ϵλϵĵ¡
ΪԼ޷׷ٵƷӰ
ǳϾ£ͻȻհһһֱվһߵİ˿ʲô취һҪĲסǸһǸŮ˶˵Ҳкܴļֵ
ǣ
ԵλλӦһֳһͬɱȥ
ϾλλҲﵽǼʵ֣ܿסƷŹ켣ӭƷ˹ȥ
ʱյĴȴǳû˿ȥ
˿һͻȻǰȻĳһӰȻǴ
СѾͷԲˡɫЦħצ̽˰˿
˿һţɾֵķȫȻ޷ˡ
ʵɲףλ԰˿λʵҪԸҲǲܵġ
ֻϧǴˡ
ۼţİ˿Ҫסʱ
ͻȻ
ݡһ
һĽݺݵĶŴıϮ
ɫ䣬бϮ磬ջȥԸ˿תӳ̱㻤סӡ
飡
һɾݺݵڴĽϣ֮ǿб㴫˾ҵ֮ʹ͸һɿµһֱӱν˳ȥ
ҵŮ˿ɲôͿģȻø죡ƷĮǿڰĻڴĶߡ
δչȥƷȻȺɱţɸղŵһ˵ʵɾҪԼ
MDһʵһ۰˿Ʒղŵһ棬Ҳǲһ
֮£ֻ÷˶԰˿֣ǻӽȺ֮С
Ʒ죬һȺ֮Уÿӹ֮һĲҽУűʬ׵ء
λλԭֿǿԸƷ磬ǴˣƷüֱȫǵΧ
һһλλŶ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ƷУͬڵ޸񾹱̵ĸȡ˳
ȻƷõ٣ѾмЩͽ׵񣬵λƷ绹ҪµģȻ˷ˡ
־壬ڴ֮ǰ˵׳ԣڶЩλѾκˡ
Ψ̣֮ЩλֻӳƷħơ
źǣƷͲЩλκĻᣬͻȻһ򣡡
޽Ʒ⽣ȴʹûĽҲǳɱǿ
䣡
һ죬ѹһ㣬ؽѹһӴµĽȻǵһ㣬ƬĽâϮ¡
ЩλѾ׵ľˡ
֮£һٶλλ˲״Ŀǰ˼ΪֲһĻ㡣
Ȼһ˻ţǱǴ
ֻĴǱڵҲҪľղΪȥֵƷһУǿƴǿסˣȴҲ˸˴ۡ
ʱĿ³Ƭµʬ壬˾ôˣôԽܡ
ͨ
ݺݵĹ˵Ĵܡ
ʱƷǼɵĲı˴


1181 
ʱڵأѾκεķҲûκˡ
Ʒ֮˴ҲΪҪõһЩϢѡ
ɣƷѾվ˴ǰܴĴ
ǺǣԵҵùɱҰɡһЦɼҲһݹġ
ܻشҵ⣬ҲһῼһƷޱ˵
ٷϻӲŲҿõʲôϢŭڵľѪͻȻȼҪһɿµ
ԱƷ۴ЦǺǣϧˣҲô̵ģ
˵꣬Ʒ͵һְס˴ͷ­ǿԪǿڴڣӲѹס˴
ֲѣֻʵĺʵʲô
Ȼ㲻˵ҾҵķʽõҪ֪ġƷĻصǿĻ˴
ŭһʹ಻ѡ
ᣬΪ̵һֶΣҲöϢķ

ʹĲҽ֮£ſ־壬ĵ˵ϣǴ޸ҲƷ˳ǿȡ˳
ȻƷҲӴõ˲ٵϢ
ԭƷ粻˫ۣɫЩŭڳ鶯
˿ǰʵƷ磬ôˣдҵϢ𣿡
һУСйһμҵĽ棬˫ľͲ֪ˣֻ֮ѾˡƷɫصĻص
ˣ˿ɻ󲻽⡣
ĵ޹ʧ٣ر٣Ⱥף֮صѾúܻҡƷ˵
٣ѵ֮лбǿ𣿡˿㵵ʵ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵ĻһЩ˽ļһڵ˵ԲˣǵĿҪǳ֣һٽǲ
Ҳ̫ĺ˰ɣ˿ŭѡ
ǵĿĳ˶Ըң񱦲أЩ˵˵ͲҪƷݺݵĻص
ڿô죿ûдҵϢҲ֪ǵôˣ˿ɫǵ˵
ߣȻҪ춯ҳƷͷ㵽ףƷ߬ȭͷϷǿҵɱ
Ʒ絣ǵǣӴõϢ޹ʲλԽԽ࣬Ʒ絣ĵĻɥĲļһ᲻ϵȥħԼʵ
ƷŰ˿뿪ˡ޻ʳǡ
֮أԴĻ٣ĻҲ߽⣬Ȼ޻ʵǳ٣޻λʧ٣ʧȥλ壬֮ؽһƬҡ
֮Ѿûʮܵ˵ɷΪǿ
У޻ʳ廢ǵʵǿڵ廢ҲǳơαԭĻʮ˵Ȼ޻ʵǵǳǵ
֮⣬Ϊصıˡԭһǲ֮еκҲ֪ΪΣͻȻǿ
Ӵ֮УĴս׷ɣΪҡ
ȻҲ׷׻ɣһеĻٿߺܻܿᣬȻĵôʧ٣
Уڴ֮ǰƷ磬Ѻ䶯֮أԴĻ֮Ʒƺһ㣬Ʒټ
ƷΪǽ޻ʳǵγˣƷ˵ȴǺ£Ҳʲô¡
ƷҪģĶҡ
ӴȻ٣ûеʱ֮йǿڲٿһеƷھҪһߡ
ߣƷҪֵģǾ
άÿչҪأҲ֮ͻ
ȻƷ粢˵ȥ֮ео󣬱Ҳʵ
Ʒ֪СǾԲܾôˣڴΪλʧƷҲ֪ԵɣƷǾԻ֮СһĶңҲƷܹѰҵԼͬĻᡣ
꣬Ʒֻ뿪꣬û뵽֮оͷô鷳顣
ãƷ밬˿ʥǵĸ
ʥǵĳ⸽һƬ֣һƬҲһƬ֣յʲôûУֻЩ¶ʯһƬҪľ
Ʒ磬ΪҪֵط˿ɻ󲻽ʣʲôûУ˵ˣһֻﶼûУԾԲ˻Ƭ޼ֵĵط
ҵطġƷЦʼƬ֣һܻϲӡ
ط˿סˡ
Ǻǣֵλãʮĵһλãܹ֮صЩһﶼĻǵ֮أƷݰЦЦ
ֵط˿ƲѣƷ磬ط޼ֵЩ˿ֲɵôܽǶأ
ȻûмֵǾ͸ֵƷһذӡ
ֵ˿һ㵣ȫĥ͸Ʒ˼
ûΪһƬ˵ľ󱦵أЩ˻᲻𣿡Ʒ˵
ֵطôܴž󣿡˿ʡ
а취ƷЦЦ˵˿ǵϴڽʱõľʯٰɣ
˿ص
ȸҰɡƷ
ˡ˿ݸƷһռָҲƷľٶ
ƷӹռָľʯлкüŵĵƷʯǵƷʯĻƷľ绹޷ƳƷʯĻƷ绹Ƴġ
ԣƷֻҪһŵƷʯһƷʯѡ
ƷѰһطʼڵϲһֵͼҲǰ˿ͼ
Ʒôϸģ˿ҲȥƷ磬ҲΪͼʵ̫ˡ
ֱƷͼ֮󣬰˿̲סʣƷ磬ʲô󷨣
Ǻǣһ󡣡ƷЦ
󣿡˿һӡ
һԾۼķھϰĻ°빦ЧõľɲΪԾʯΪؿɲһӴҲνľ֮ԴеľʯؿΪԣľ֮ءȻⲢģԽ֮Щ̰ļһﶼƷ͵ݵӡ
ɾܽЩ˶ʱӦ𣿡˿һɫ˵оڵƷúܷ񣬼ֱ֮صս
ⲢҪȥӦ㵽ʱſϷˡƷЦھƷ⡣


1182 
Ȼʲôر󷨣ҪڴЧĻɾûôˡ
Ʒ뷨ҲҪ֮صЩλۼЩλɶɵӣԾԲܱʶơ
ʱƷѾúͼҲ׼ˣԾʯΪ㣬Ʒʯһǧ˰ٵ㣬ΨһһŵƷʯΪ㣬ƷԪע룬ܲ׵ЧҲֻƷܹôֱˡ
Ҳһ󷨣ںڻֻҪڻ󣬲Ų˲ɣϾв˶ġ
Ʒӵ󷨹ףƷҲǼľ˽ʱ䣬ŽںˣĴֱҲﵽ˿ǰ޴Ʒӵ𸮸ƿռҲ´ˡ
ˡƷһԼƷǼΪġ
˿󷨣˵ȥ˽󷨵˽⣬ֻ뵽ôľʯЧҲǷǱѰ
ɣ˿סʣ𣿡
һý󼤻Ʒص
Ʒ磬ĺаգ˿лǷżɫ
еģʵڴЩ̰ļһ֮⣬ҪܹСǵĳ֡Ʒ̾
ǣ𣿡˿ɻ
Ǻǣ֮طô飬Ҳ²СǱûĻǾԲŹѵõĻᡣƷЦ
СѾ˿˵˵ű㴹ͷҼ˵ȥʵеġ
ߣҵ⵽˲⣬Щ˾ͨͨƷһϳŨҵɱԲǿЦġ
˿ƷɢɱƷǸ˵ԲˣҲ˵Щ
û£Ҳ鲢еôƷ΢΢ҡͷηŭҲԼİ˷ֵˣ²˳٣޻ʳǵܻܿᴫȥҵʱɡ
˿ͷ
ţƷбֳ𸮣ֱӽ˿˽ȥû˺֮ǣƷҲɾʵмƻˡ
ȣ
ƷһӴԪ˫֮УƷǾȻ㽫ԪעھС
̼䣬ƷעԪеÿһ˹ƷĹ˵е֮ʱк嫵ʼѸٵлۡ
֮ʢƷ綼Ҫĳ嶯ǻǧżƷʯһŵƷʯľټƷԪ֮б㣬˲ЧΪˡ
ʱƲͻ緭ԭƬݲĻ֮УӴ֮£ƬоȻĳ̲ݣЩԭѿȥľҲ˼ػһƬƬҶ
Ź˲ãк嫵֮£ԭĻ־ȻһƬ֣ػݣһĿȻˡ
档
ƷɫЧеĻҪӵԤϣľѹȣƬαװһƬľ
ƻѾɣƷҲٱ¶УĵȺżƻеЩλĵ
Ȼص춯̼ϯ֮ء
ǿľ֮Դ
ܣ
ô

ʲôԭ򣬷֮еĸǿ߶ѾˣƬӰ̱ѭԴǰ
ԴھλЩǿ˵û㹻ΪҪͻƵ֮Ҫ򣬶ǹڵȥ
ǣھλ֮µ˵ķԣǶԵջܹõƷʯǷƷʯǵľ׿Ƿǳġ
ಣ
֮ƬΪӽʥǣڸоɾĵ֮󣬳бʮӰЩʥǵλߡ
֮ǰȻʥܵ˲صĴѾǳˣʥǵʵûмǱǿˡ
ЩλȻǰһĻģԭĻȷʵԴû뵽Ǿ֮Դ
׬ˣ׬ˣΪ׵һλӣޱȼĴЦϾƬʥǵġ
ϧŹ˻ĴֱһɹǿϢ
ģЩһ죡Ӱһ˴ľѰѾ춯Ҫȫĵõ⴦Ҳôˡ
ȻϿ֮֮Ϊӽĸǵθµ⴦ɢӴҲǷ׷¶̰ɫ
ಣಣ
Щλȷʵ湻ģŶ̶ʮӲʱ䣬ϿбѾٶλλڸǸ˵
ˣǰȸʥһɫѿѣƬԭʥǵأҲ˵ǹʥǵˡ
ȻЩλ˭Ҳûж֣Ƿ׷׳¿մǴѵһľȷʵ̫ˡ
ǺǣԤеĲƷһЦ˭Ҳ֪ʱóѰĿһУƷ绹ų֣Ϊ֮еһЩҪûиϵģƷЩ˾Բװ׵Ĵ⴦ᡣ
ȻѹֽУԶ֮գּٱһɹǿϢЩǿϢ˵ĵζһеˡ
֮ƾֳٵӰΪ׵һλµߣƲݾĿһλλǿߣ󻹸λλߵȰλλ
Ħ
˲һƺΪλߡ
λĦߣҲƹ廢ǵĳµǴԭǳзѳġ
Ħ֮ǳԭǵҲӶΪ׵Ҳһλ׷ԲԵߣ˿Եģࡣ
ᰣĦǳµʹͬֻλǳʱƿص࣬ҲǿסǵĦµһݣӴоΪҪ棬ǻһֹĳͻˡ
ģ޻ʵ֮ǿʨλΪʨΪޣʵҪһİλҪǿһЩ
ѵô֣ôŵأһʴżЦűһӴħ
ٶбֳٵӰڷħȻ˵ЩλҲںڰˡ
Ϊ֮ˣҲλλǿߣΪս˵˺ѾĻдĳǵһʥļ壬սʥļļԴĻر֮ʥļǿƶͳʮ齨Ϊš
ս
Ħᰵڼˣɫ̫ÿû뵽ŵҲˣⳡɾͲôˡ
Ȼ
ֱһɹǿϢһµն֣ʮ˶ѣʵǿ
Щ˵ĳ֣սɫ
ûЩ˿ɲԭǳµˣΪ׵λǿߣǰλ
ᣬͻȻǿƶһǿڰ͹ᣬСӡΪʵձԽӵĻȡ


1183 һ
˿̣֮֮صѾۼ
֪ΪΣЩƺĬһ㣬ƺڵȴ޻ʳǵȻô飬޻ʳǾԲô
ֱ֮޻ʳǱȻ޶ɻѡ
Ȼ¿մ⴦Ѿǹ˼ջƷ󷨾裬ûȥ̽ûһһʶƵģƷ绹Ǻŵġ
ƷƺõģڸԵʱҪﵽЭ̵Ļһǲܵġ
ʵЩ˲֪޻ʳǵѾƷˡ
ԣڸ˶ѾˣƷУչʼĶԴƷ⽣֮ƷĻΪֽ˲٣ǿϢĿĶƷžĵҲԲƷĻӡ
ͻȻ
Ʒɫһ£ٶϲޱȣŰ˿ЦˣǶˣ
ǣ˭˿ɻ󲻽⣬ֻǼƷԵúܾϲӡ
Ȼǵ˰ƷЦеλ֮̽УƷ羹ȻӦʮϤϢһڸߣƷѲ²⵽˷ǵĿģƷ粻ıϡ
ֻǣƷЩǵǣЩвûиоСϢҲСһЩ鷳ˡ
˵ҶЩ棿˿Ȼʡ
û֮зôĶңвٶǵԭˣҲͲôˡƷЦ
ʵ̫Σˡ˿˵
ȷʵΣգѾˣǾܹ˺ǣƷݺݵ˵ûжܹ˺ǣҵϣܹǼϼһƳ
ȻƷǿԶԸЩˣɻĲٵƷҪĿĻǿԺɵĽĻЩһƳ

ڣѾǳ֮ˣڸ֮ˣΪĴѾסǡ
һ̣ƬУȻۼǧλλģǰ޴
ǣۼ˶λվǾ˸еëʸԵıˡ
λأȴǽ¿յǴƺǲһЩֻһʱ޷͸
ƷҲһֱ˼ᣬرϳѣƷӵȥضԴᣬΪܿʧ⣬ܻܿйءȻûеرǿƷҲԲô򵥣Ӹղλ߶ԾĿӣƷ԰
ѹֵճãƢԴֿĿʨͻȻ˵ѵãû뵽һССľȻ˵ĸȤ
УﻹΪ⾧⡣սһԶĿʨֻһ˵Ȼλ⴦Ȥǿɶǲһˡ
ߣ⻹˵⴦طʥǹϽķΧ˴ǹʥǣߵµҲŽеرʥǵ˽еΪҡ
ؼĲ˵֮˭˵طʥǵĹϽΧ⾧ͱʥǣԸ⣬ԸԸ⣡Ħ˵
ûҵһǲԸ⣡ʨ
ֱҧĦ˵ĦѾ˵ˣûʸ˵Щ
ѣѵûУĦмĻص
Ҳһһֱŵˣһģʱͽڣ᰺ݺݵ˵
Ǻǣڲ˵ЩʱɣսһЦԶһֱĬеλ˵ҲǸúúλ˼
˲Ȼ׷λȥò˵ȻĴ࣬ʵǿġ
ѵǲ⴦𣿡һλ˵Ŀ˸žĹâ
ǱڰƷ㰵һ治Ϻ꣡
˵λѾʼ⴦
⣿ɻ󲻽⡣
ʱһλ˵˵ƽ棬ҪǳʱĻĻԭΪ֣ͲܳʲôѵǾͲ𣿡
ߵһ˵ȷʵҲʼϸϸĳ˼š
Ʒɫһ鲢ûԤеķչǵ͹Щϼһ
ʱսͻȻԷ̵Ͳǳܲλɴ˴Ļ˳֮
սһݽɫ֮ǰƿλߣڷҪ˵ʵ֮ա
սķ֮ŭѣߣ⾧û⣬ҲûзֻǷȰǣ˱˵Ĺƣ
ǺǣƣʨЦһֱһ򲻲֮صԴ޹ʱ֮㿪ʼаԵˡ⾧⣬Ҳùɣ
ҲȻλѾˣľˣսλߡ
ȷʵ֮ʵ̫ˣֳȷʵ˲ɡ
λüͷ壬ƺЩԾìͷͻȻ䶼ָˣһֱ÷ǳεľ档û뵽λߵĺĳԣڷΪ˸ж
ߣϷֻǺǣǲŵĻǾһͬȥһ⴦ȷʵû⣬ᱣ֤뿪ܸûɣ˵
˷׷׳˼˻˴˵˵ͷʾ⣬ǱͶ⴦Īľɻ档
ڣƷҲֻܶһˣϾΪ˲ױ˻ɣɰ˲ٵƷʯҪȫüƻʵʩĻǾ͵һѻ
ţ˲֮£ƷѾ뿪𸮣ϢǱȺ֮УƷûܹƷӰ
߽֮£켶׷ھ֮
⾧֮㣬뾧ʯΪ㣬ְ˲ٵƷʯԿԸо⾧ȴŷԣľԴƷ͡
λȴǲǰ㣬ѱ̰Ի󣬶ǿʼϸĵĴžĴĻ֮ѸסƬ֮ء
λѲã˴˼˵ͷ⡣
ʲô⣡⴦ľԴǿԳԽ֮κεһսǲҪ̰ɣ
ŭѵλ߸˵ʲô
ͻȻ
дһƬƬĲҽУ֮⣬нˡ

Ⱥ֮УͻȻһ˺ȻڸͻȻŭɱһˡЩѵȴʱķˣȻ֪ΪλᷢЩʣǾԲŹοҵĻᡣ
Īģƺ֪ʲô飬澹Ȼܵ˸Ⱦһ㣬ȺӰ׷׷ŭĳɱ˹ȥͻȻһƬҡ
ǾȻ˱ɣսֱӳλߺȻбԳһŭĳɱ˹ȥ
λһΣŭսɱ˹ֻӭսս
Ħˣ˴˼ƺѴųһ㣬֪ͻȻ˭֣ȻĦǻҵսһš
ʱڰƷ磬ȴǷ˵óѰЦݣǺǣһһͿЩϼһͷ˰ɣ


1184 ҲҶ
ߣЩʵ˲ˬˣսλ˵
ЩҲˬΪվսֵһͬЩɵļһʨͻȻһͬӡ
Ǿû𣡡һλ߽е
Ϊỹǰİ𣿲⣬ձĩգսмЦ
ߣһȺ޴ļһȻִˣϷҲˣһҲŭѣλеĳһ裬һͬӭսսʨ
ò˵Ϊͬȼľ磬λߵۺʵȴҪǿսǡ
ݣ
һλ佣ȥֱȡս
ս亹һߵһȻƼ򵥣Ϊ׺ݣˣҲ⽣ƸĦХ֮졣
սҲ֣׺һΪ΢΢һܿŭһߵĳݺݵĴߵؿڡ
˫һ裬ƺƵսһ˫żŵһ㣬˻ȥսǲϷŹλᣬ˫ţų˹ȥ

˽غϣ£Եࡣ
սŭѣһֻӽ˹ȥ
ɫƽӦսÿһλǼǿ߶ѷ֣һʱ仹˱
ʨƢԱ꣬еһ͡
ԣӦԿʨһλ߾ԵЩˡ
飡飡
ʨĻеĸ֮ޱȣһһǵĺλߡ
߸ʨӲֻƾűȿʨҪʤһڿʨţѰҷĻᡣ
ʵλҲӦսģѲ˾ǸǰٿĪ硣
ϾԴ޹ʱ֮ȷʵֻǿ𣬳Ϊ֮ǿԶ˵Ƕ˲ٵĳԹ
Ҳһֹ֮ƽǱƵĻΪǿ׵Ҫ⵽ųʹûо˴⣬ԺҲԻвٵĦ
һĦλǳеʹԴǳ֮˱ˮ𣬺ڡ˴֮¸ٶȵȼлԹŭҲڼҵ˺š
Ħʵ˵ǳеʱӾһֱ㲻ʹ죡û뵽㾹ȻұѵռΪ
ߣЦ֮صľѲ֮ǰֻǱԶѣʵ˵Ѳˣ㻹úҺ⴦ǵˡĦޱĻص
Զ㻹ΪԼˣҲԲⱰ֮ϣ˫͵һţĳĦǰݾĻһǿҵĽ⣬ֱն˹ȥ
Ħᰱʵ൱ĦҲУȫעڽУᰵһֱ˹ȥ
أ
ǿҵһâ䣬ӿ
ĦֽųĽţڵϵӿڽУ˴˷ŭѹţƾС
ȻĦɫһݣ͵ĳǰһ㣬ټӳȭȭгǿҵĽ⣬ŭĶᰵк˹ȥ
ᰰһ£ҲڳһƣӲӲ˹ȥ
أ
һǿҵ֮죬֮ǿ˽һ˸˼˴ŭѡ
˶Ħŭһ͵ԾеĳֱţϷŶĿĽ⣬ȵ񼼣»裡
һ֮£ĦͻȻóʮӰЯһĽţһǶһĳɱ˹ȥ
»裬ǻ뽣ں񼼣ĦΪ񼼡
ҲʾҲΪԭͬǳеʹᰶĦҲҪҪ˽Ķࡣ
ҲûŲһ֣վԭز
ۼţʮĻӰЯһƬƬۻҵĽϮͻȻ־𳤽һ񼶣ն
ݣ
һնһǿҹ⻪İλâ˲۶âó棬ʮ㣬˺ƿռһ㣬ԭŻӰɴܵĽǱ⻡âˡ
䣡
һ죬ǿĳ˳ŵˣƬʯеӰⱬըе˳ȥ
Ұ𽥵
㣡ԵЩǱĦŭᰡ
ĦʹɱЩǳʱҲвٵĺҶ񼼿ָƣ˵
ɣ˼˵ңĦŭ
һɽݶ廢ҽӹܶˣһһų˹ȥ
㻹ûͣĦŭһ޾ɫŭĳӭ˹ȥ
䣡䣡
սóʯһƬƬĽݺŰ˵Ħԭͬǳеʹڽ˶һ˽⣬˶ӵƵмҪսʤĦҲô׵ġ
֮УҲѡ
ǧһ˹ģս
ɫƺΪ֮û谵ǧλλûйԵ˺ţ˸ĵ⽣ӰҲ

һҽʱ̶λŻҵ˺в䡣
ͬǣ⼸Ӵ˺֮УһȺΪرˣЩ˸ûν֣֮δȺ֮У˱ɱ顣
Щˣ˵Ҳˡ
ǵʵִϰλҲܶԸ˵Щڰλ֮µˡ
Ȼûнб˺ǾûġһЩǿĶ֣ҲȥΪǵľٶҲֻΪҶѣЩﶷ
ڷ˵ڵжΪΪӸղŻҿʼʱЩλĪľѣǿɲΪӵпɱε
ȻҲû뵽Ʒ羹ȻѴȺ֮С
Ʒ˷ܲѣȵӰ켣Ⱥţû˻ע⵽ƷĴڣƷӰȥ֮żҽУȻλλ׹ڵء
ɱ
ҵĺɱӴɱţʱûֹͣɣѾúԣֵң˱ɱʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ̫ˣеĲ˾ȻѡɱˣȻʵףԶĵˣҲȷʵôӦ
ʹ죡Ʒ簵ˬδй˷ܣȻǧλλŪڹ֮䣬ֻƷɻǣ﷢ôĶңĻǾȻδӰ
ЩˣƷһɻɲΪʵ˵ļ򵥡ۼžսǾþδܽλ߸ܣƷûġ
ţƷЦһ£˲ɱʮλλ֮󣬱λߵ


1185 ɱλ
ɱ
ҵĺɱתĴǽ˸
ƺƬնѾȾѪ֮ɫ
ǣѾνҲ֪ΪζսǾͬһȺҰޣǿΪ档
һˣͲȥע⵽ǵĴڡֻǸûй̶Ӫ켣ڸУոЩλ
Ȼûдģ˺սЩǰλǿߣҲǼֻ֣˫䶼ȡʤ
𣡡
ʨսδܴλߣǻޣ޴Ļʨ޶֡
ʨޣ廯֮ÿʨʵǿ࣬ȼȵĻ棬ͨɫľ޴ŭλߡ
飡
֫صڵݳӣþ޴ޱȵĿʨŭĳλߡ
ľѣڱ廯֮ĿʨɲǿЦģʵҪԽԼұ廯֮ĿʨٶҲҪԶ֮ǰ࣬λ߾ͺڿʨˡ
𣡡
ʨſ޿ڣ͵ıһŵĻ棬͵ѹߡ
һ£Ҳû֮ǰǰˣеĳעȫ֮гǿҵİ׹⣬ӭǾ޴Ļűݺݵն˹ȥ
أ
һ죬һ˲㱻ϬĳݻˣɢΪһƬ㡣
߻ûüӦ۱һɭӰڵֱ˹
󣡡ŭһ֪޷㣬ֱ֧ų˾Ӱȥ
أ
ʨǾ޴ӳѹ˹ȥ߱ڵſʨıѹ֮ʱһʱԳܣ˫Ų漸֡
ʨ˸ŭľ޴ӣĸצµߡ
͵ģʨͻȻſ޿ڣצµһž޴ȵĸѾߵķߣԼߵѾʼڻŵıƽ¿ʼȼ
ʢŭѣǿŭһ͵˫һţû˿
飡
ʨһ˿գصڵϣ˹̳
ߣͷҲ˶ѡʨԵǱѵߣֿʼת֮׼ŶչһĹơ
Ͳ侲𣡡߽е
°ܽ㻹ʸ˵ʲôʨĴЦһž޴ӣ̤ŵ棬ڶȥ
ղѣſʨǿĶ֣߿סʨ
ݣ
еĳţһĽϮ˿ʨ
ʨȷʵǿּսһ㣬ЩϮŭɱ˹ȥ
ͻȻ
ʱ򣬾߸ոջӳȥļ֮ƾռƺһɿµĽ˵ȴһֿµĸо
һεĽ
ݣ
ХӶĽ֤Ĵڡ
飡
űһ޴֮죬еĿʨзž󣬾޴ӲߵĲԶԵ
⡭ҲǴ㵲ѡ
Ϊʨˣô׵ˡ
ȻƺʶʲôӲһ¡
ǺǣֵˡһЦߵĶ߻߼޷ӦϢĴڣʲôʱԼһŲ֪
ֻǣͻȻһϢ˱Ƕһδʶʲô־ĸоؿѾƿһ̵Ѫ
⽣Ͳڡ
պգߵؿ֮ȷʵǱһ͸ģ߾ֲѵǣؿյģʧˡ
ʵǣ߸Ͳ֪˵˭
㡭ֻ˵һ֣ʶټȥֻܴŲԶ뿪硣
̶Ƭ̣ԭڼеλλǿߣ׵Ĳˡ
ͬڼеսǣҲƺ˿ʨߵĶֻǸоǶˣĻ޷⡣
쵰ϷҪ㳥Ψһʣµλ߼ͬ鱻ɱŭȫйսϣеĹͻȻΪҡ
սɫأ˽ʨʵԸλӦû⣬ҲԲսܡȴǼʨλ߶ˣʵ̫˲ˡ
ݣ
ţ߷ŭޱȵһѾ˹
սɫһݣҲ˲ȥ˼κˣеĳӭȥ

潻ѤĹ⻪
û뵽߷һӲ֮УսǱ߸˳˽ʮľ롣
ŭ죬˫۳죬Ҳ֪ǿʲôҩϷŹս͵ֳɱ˹ĳŻĿϮս
սп಻ͻȻ˵ǿƣսѾȫʧȥȨ߸Ƶú޷֮ˡ
Ȼ
֮УսͻȻһİҪҰ𣿡
սɫһͷȴǾֵķ֣ԼƱһɿµסһ㣬ȫ޷
һ̣ŭȴɱ˹
ݣ
ХĳƿգһսȴֻɫֵĽһϮ

һ̣սͻȻһ
飡
һ֮죬δսһۣȴǲŵĿԼǰԶ֮߾Ȼ˵ϣؿϻƿһѪ
սŵһ亹Ȼ֪ߵͻȻԼλδ֪ǿߵֱʡ
սҲԼ侲׼ȥлλδ֪ǿߡ
ͻأ
ݣ
ֻǸоһХս־ĵ˫ۣպԼؿҲղȥ׵ıƿһѪڵħҲƺǿȡˡ
Ǻǣ˵Ҫ㣬û˵Ҳɱ㡣ƷһЦսǰڼλǿߣһĮĲĮĿֻſϳ˲̵ɱ
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ڼеĦᰲߵ춯Ҳ㵵ע⵽ƷĴڣɫĳƮɫĳԵ˵ҫۡ
ಣಣ
Ħͬʱ˹η־Ʒλİ͡
ֱʱ侲ǣŻ˸ղλߵķ棬⴦Ȼ⣬վǰˣһλ˲ɱλĶ⼶ǿߣܹˣΨ
㵽˭Ħǲʵ
һжùɣΪҪʵĦ˼֣ȼҲֻʱϻܱס
ʱƷ绺̧ݣһһٵ˵˵⣬һŶѡ񲻻ش𡣡
һ£ͬȵɱ
£ĦᰱųĬɱƷ硣
ƷȻԭزƷп˵ٶȺþڹһ
һ£ƷͻȻʧ

ʵ˿գͬʱٶһɲԤС
ȻߺХ˽֮
ͣ
һ˲ǵǿд͸ǵؿڣؿڹƿѪѪεζ
ͨͨ
Ħ˱㵹˵ϣ¶ƷħӰ
ʱƷͷвҶֻҵ˺һЦǺǣĶ˰ɡ


1186 
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Ψ춼ѾƷУⳡҵҪǲֳʤֹˡ
ڣƷҲûҪκεĹ˼ˡ
˵ƷѪƷѿ͸ĥԵ硣
ಣ
ƷͻȻ˻ҵȺ֮Уһ㣬ϢոЩλĹˣֻҪǱƷһ
Ѫ죬֫廩䣬ɱ¾еǸûзѾʼԽԽˣҲԵüΪĲҵ
ǣʧȥǣһȺͷӬĴ˱ɱѾû֮ͬĸˡ
ֱһƬ˼֮У֪ѾѪܵʬף֤ⳡɱ¾ȷʵʵġ
ôõԣҲɱЩˡƷЦԵüΪɣɫԵ˵Į飬ЩλϰĴ
Ⱥ֮еķǣҲûиоƷĵֻƺоȺΧǱһɿµϢԲ
Ȼ֮УȻһӴµѹ
ס֣
һװŭɫݺݵĻ˵ԺС
֮һľ֮£ԭ˺еս̼ռͣһ㣬˶ֵͣ֡
ˡڰеƷЦˡ
ʱ򣬷ҲͣˣΪɾϢѾԶԶԽǡʱٶֵĻݿɾͱ¶ˡ
չȥ˱㾪ηĿõ߿֮ϵӰ

Ⱥ˺պʧѾõλĻꡢ޻ʣϳŭû뵽Ȼ˲ĳ档
Ϊʹģˣ¿ճɵڵرصʬף϶ԭǳ£Ȼ˴룬Ϊŭǣ֮ͬˣһ㣬ɱ
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ԼǣЩһɫв˿־壬Դλʧ֮ѾΪλѾδ֪ˣвŻ˻ƵԽˣɱ
Ʒüͷ壬һֱĻǣԸо˵ʵǰҪǿ˲٣ϵϢܹ죬ĻǾڱչʲôȻҲԲеõ˴ʵǡ
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ƷŭһڻȼµĿռ֮Уַһҫ۵İɫâֱӸסеҰ
ֻǣǷɫĹ⻪֮Уĺ
ݣݣ
׵һ㣬ǿµĳȺųеѹȥ
¡¡
಻ϵľ죬һĽϮ֮£ǱĴݻٵĽѾķߣ
Ҫ㳥ŭţļȥ
Ȼ֮䣬һ޴Ľ£˺ŤĿռ׷飬ֲŻһɽһ㣬ѹ
ס
Ļһ񽣣˺ƿһɹɵĽ
޻Ҳκεĳɣƾǿķųȥ
ಣಣ
Ļ޻ѾĲԶ֮޷ǰ棬Ļ޻ҲȫȥӭƷһ
䣡
ֲһƺѾԽ˿ռƣһ˲ݻ壬˵ĽıƴϮ¡
һ̣Ļ޻ҲƴȥֵȥƷһ
εǣʵ̫嶯ˣʧȥ齣ôȥƷӲ

ҽһһǿĽϮ֮£ϵĻҲһѺۣĽǿŰš
쵰
Ļŭһһ͵ĳȥӭƷ磬񽣰ž㳯Ʒŭն˹ȥ
ƷѾˣȻԿȥĻӲιȵһٵıܿĻһ
ߣûôףĻһסƷΣּ˹ȥ
ݣ
ǺݾһնƷ硣
Ϊ㣡ƷһӣȻ͵һչһĽâ˲ֶĻһϮȥ
أ
Ļһʵ֮ϮĽԴݻ١
ʱƷ¶ŭѵĻ굱һƷǰ˹ȥ
ƷҲûж˼Ҳ㲻ֻȥսˣƷӣֱӵĻһ
䣡
һǿҵĻһնƷǰ
Ʒֻоؿ£е˳ȥ޴󰭣սķɲġ
ಣ
Ʒ缱ٵ˵һߣĻЦǺǣɱңûˣ
ĻֱҧŭѣƷʵǿ֮ףټһĿսĻһƷˡ
ʱ𽥵ĽڵĽȥҲŪüΪǱﷺѪ˿ŭƷ緢쵰㾹Ȼһҵ齣Ҫ㳥
˵ţһѪ
㻹ðɣ޻˹һֲ
ҡû¡˵
ͻȻ
ȡһ
ͷϱð˳ŵĺߣټһ
顱
һ죬ԭѵսףȻɢ˿һƬƬս׵ĩĵ
һ̣ȫɵܵ˺Ҳʹ಻ѣ˵齣ս׶ˡ
⡭һԵ޻ʴסˡ
ĻǾ㵲ѣղŵһƷûнκεĽȻϵս׸ˡսȻʲôҲǳѾõļƷǿͲ˵ˣµһУʵ̫ˡ
ûˡûˣûˡ״ΰţƽ⵽صĴһ֮ڣȥԼΪ
Ļ꾪ãתɫһô˵ĻҲǲ౻ˣ״̬ȥԸƷ磬
û취齣Ʒвʵ̫ˣƷ粻ò齣ȥĻҲΪˡ
ʱƷԵЩҵһۣ˵ˮˮңӦеıӦ
Ӧ̧ͷ˫ͨ죬ƷΪУŭĽеӦҲ㳢Ӧζ
ಣ
˵꣬ǷҰһ㣬ڵѪҺǷȼһһ㣬ɱڵƷȥ
ƷڿգһȻڳ⽣Ѿ۶ԸڲҰܲƷֻҪһɱ
ȻĻǲƷɱ
룡
ĻһͻȻ䵲Ʒֱ߷λҲĳƹ켣֮ǰ
һĻ꣡ҹҪɱСӣ
ˡĻɫüΪ
Ȼ˳ԾһĻˡ
ΪĻͲΪȥֹƷ磬ͻȻһ˲ӵǰ϶ٶŨҵɱ
ͻȻ䣬Ļ굲ǰҲһ¡
ͫһͻȻһɲԤУһУĻ꣡ʲô
ǰЭѾˣڵ㣬ҵġĻصһֻħצѾݺݵץؿ
㣿ֵĵɴ˫ۣԿģҲΪķŭѾΪˣڵӿĻڣԭڵʶҲʼڿٵʧš
ѵˣҴʱ˵ҲƷϣֻáĻޱ飬ֵģһ㱨ġ
ͣ
Ļ͵Ľħצ˻ĴӺڰ׹ȥӴ䡣
Ʒüͷһ壬ĻֶοݶȻŹĻٵʵ
úݵֶΣĻҿ͹㡣ƷԷ̵
Ǻǣɾ˷ˣΪҵĻһЦһνӡ
޻ȴǴŭѣĻеĻ꣡ĺñɣ㾹ȻɱһǲҲֵˣ
޻ʣ㻹СӱлҪѾȫһˣҲɱҲСӵǾ͸޷ԸСˣĻ
޻߬ȭͷʧȥĻвղĻ껹ƷţԼҲһˣһʱ޻˽ѵ֡


1191 Ķ
޻ʣ㻹ԥʲôĻкȵ
ֻǲ֪ѡ񡣡޻ʻص
ѡ㻹Ҫʲôѡ񣿡Ļʵ
ƷȴǶĻЦǺǣĻװɵɣ㾹Ȼܹ˲̵ɱѲΪ޻ʻΪɵɵ𣿡
ߣ䣬Ȿ֮ЭĻߵ
ЭɱԼˣȻƷ̵˶٣ֶɲ޻˵޻ʣⱾĻ֮ĳԹܹɱĻ꣬ҾԲ᷸㣡Ʒʳԣ
޻ʣСӵģѵ㻹ϴһ𣿡Ļ꽹ƷЩѶԸˣ޻ʵһĻЩˡ
޻ʿˣ˵ǺǣĻ֮˽£ҾͲҪˣҾԲ֮κһ
㣡ĻŭƷҧгݵƷ磬СˣΪҶԸ㣡
Ǻǣ͵⻰ˡƷһЦ
޻ʿɲɵϣȻǱɣĻǱǿ޻Ѿĺˡ
ţһ졣
ʧȥ޻ʵά֣нȥˡ
Ȼ䣬Ұʣڰʧա
Լ¿֮ûЩλӰ
ңضѪܵʬףѪɺӣһĻ硣ԭǧλλȻѾˡ
ӴˣҲζţ֮Щνĸ߸ϵλ඼ѾǱˡ
Ϳ֮УڣɱŨŨ䶢ϿеĻꡣ
ԸЩ˶ѾˡеƵζ
Ʒ΢΢һЦΪӡ
Ļŭѣŭ޻ʽе޻ʣȷҪôѵ㲻Ҫ񱦲𣿡
αأҿûôԸΪܵõʲô񱦲أһáѾõЩ㹻ҳʱˣһ˺úУ˻ˮҾͲˡ޻ɫȻĻصȻҲøл㣬Ѿ㹻ˣʹ˸𡣡
ߣڵģĻߵ
ǾҺڰɡ޻ʻصĺˣһʼ޻ʾûҪЩ顣
ת޻ʱ㼱ٵȥ޻ʲЭĻƷκһԴ֮޻ѾоûȥЩˡ
ˣҹĻŭе
Ǻǣ֪ΪʲôΪֶ̫жˣ˵ˣԼµҲûĴ󣡡ƷЦ
סڣĻеƷ磡ʣһˣҲ뿪
Ȼ֮䣬ĻͻȻһɿֲħ˹ľˣµħȾƬն
ǿħɫزѣ̵ĸоĻڵħڳɱţ˵ħе¶ȱԨ䡣
һ̣ĩһ㣬֮ضɿֲħѹţƺͿҪһ㣬͸
ƷɫһѲ²⵽ȿֲħԴ˵ҲĻ׼оħ״̬ˡ
ħ壬ħż֮ħӵа񣬿˲ʮʵƷ綼ضԴ
ڣĻɡ
һΣƷ羪㵵ǣ˿Ļħµ״̬ǰż
ΪһĻı㲻һªĹԼһżȵףһȼħȻҲĶԾ޴״ͬǣĻĳǳʺɫֱ״̬оħͳѪħˡ
ȻĻʵҲúֲܿ޽ӽ֮ƷоѹԲô׾ͿԶԸġ
Ҳ㵲ѣ׷ӵƷǰĻţҲԲη
ȥɣ֮ĶԹƷ粻ɻͷ˵ĻʵҲԲӦġ
һΪѵӣҲһûбֳκεηӣ֪ĻʵѾȫԽǡ
ȥɡƷһص˵
ŭĻ꣬ǲʡ
Ϊǣ˵Ʒֵܣ߰ɡ
˳ͷ㼫Ϊεķ׷˵һߡ
СӣܴȻǶܿϧֻҪˣҶȻŹǡĻ˵
𣿡Ʒƽ硣
Ǻǣ֪Ǿħȫ״̬һűڽ񱦲ؿռʹõģڿǰˡĻЦ
ǺҡƷ˵ţѾ۳һ׹⽣壬Ԫ⽣ԭе𽣡
ǵģңܹҵĻ̧񽣣ڹʢţǿµţ֮ǰȫˡ
ղһƷһɫͻȻһ䣬ѾõĽ͵ļ˳ȥ
ݣ
Ľ϶ž޳ĹβֱϮĻꡣ
Ļ겻мһһǵĽնȥ
䣡
һ죬е˹ĹⲨռҵŤĻԵúɵı㽫ƷϮһݻˡ
Ʒ簵ΪһԸоĻһǿԵȻ׵ĽݻԼĽв˼֡
Ҳɫ֪ĻĿ£ƷղΪҪܾǵЭˣȫͬһʵ
ĻһռϷ磬ЦƷ磡еһУҵģ
͵ģĻ񽣣ſֲħڵĳƷɱ˹ٶȼޱȣͬԽռһ㣬˲ӵƷǰ
Ʒ練Ӧ죬ֱ۳һӭĻһȥ
أһ
Ļǿ񽣣ݺݵı㽫ƷϵĽݻ٣Ʋ֮ǿҺڹ񽣣Ʒǰֺն˹ȥ
̫ˣ
Ʒ޷㿪㽫ڵԪע˫֮УټϿսǿķȻ˫۵Ļһ
飡
쾪𣬱Ĺ⻪Ʒ˫֮ԽסĻһ
͵һ£Ʒ羹ĻǿԵһƷ˳ȥ

Ʒ֣΢΢˶˫֮ʹû뵽ĻһȻôпսҲƷо˼ʹ
˾һɱȥĳ嶯
ʱһֵ˷˵ǰ˵ȥҲԲǼһĶ֣ƷֵɼӰ졣
Ǿôʲô𣿡ҲŵܲʵԼʵ̫ˡ
ǲܣȥܡϿմƷ磬ֵǾͲҪ鷳ˡ
˳ĬˣĿǽƷ磬ǲѡ


1192 ·ת
ʱƷĻն۷弶Ķš
ƷѾ·硣
ǺǣǰɡĻһЦչչӣ˵ΪҲûô
ôǲҲˣƷ
ǵģҲҪ㣬һҪõϵһУǰŮˣʹҲŮ˸ȤǳΪҵūоϵͦġĻЦ
ǾµȥΰɣƷŭһһ˲۳һĽâĻϮ˹ȥ
ĻһмһһĻնԽǰϮĽâһһݻ٣Ʒ磡ֻ𣿡
ȻϷŸտʼƷͻȻĻǰֱһƻ罣棬Ļű˹ȥ
ţĻΪĲλ
Ļ΢һ£û뵽Ʒ죬ĻʵɲףӦһ𣬺ݺݵĶƷл˹ȥ
ƷһЦ񽣼ԼϵʱƷͻȻͻ߰ŤӽһתȥƹĻһ
ĻͻȻɫһ䣬ûӦϱűһɾ硣
žһ
ƷصĴĻһƣݣлЯ߽ơ
ȻĻֱӱƷһƸȷ˳ȥ
ƷĻ꼥ЦǺǣ𾴵ĻһƵζΣ
Ļŭѣ΢΢ЩϻǻĴʹŭ˶ҶὫʬΣ
͵һ£ĻͻȻ÷ļ˹ֱӱƵƷǰе񽣣⽣Ӱ˿ۻңҽ֮ơ
Ʒ簵亹Ļ귢ĲһĿ¡
Ʒ粢޾ɫȻĻѾԼ󲿷ֵĹƷĻĽҲǼΪϤġ
ʱƷӣûһӰǼ٣Ļ˹˵Ʒ硣ϵĻƷ绹ʤĻġ
ϧǣ̶ϣƷȴĻһƷֱӲֻƾԽĻĹֻҪĻ¶һЩƷҵַĻᡣ
飡飡
಻ϵľ죬ͬװ֮ضĻ̻̣ؼɢϢʵ̫ˣٽʥǵȳ֮ˣǾò
֮ģӰüޱȣ۸޷סǵι켣ҲǿþĶǣǲѣȻƷѾǱѹסˡ
Ʒ磡ղŲǺܲôثˣĻЦеĹƱøӵңͱˡ
˿̣Ʒ練Եú侲֮УƷһ˫ӣסĻÿһ
ò˵ĻȷʵţܹƷĽĽ˾տƷҵĻ
ݣ
ĻͻȻͦ񽣣ǿҵĺڹ⣬ǼļƷؿڡ
ƴˣ
Ʒһ˫ƾֱӭĻһȥ
Ļһе빥͵ǿ˼֡
Ʒһ˫ֱȥ˹ȥǴȼס񽣣˫ӿļ𣬱񽣡
ߣҵ񽣣ô𣿡Ļһе͵һӿһɫĻӭ˼
䣡
ɿֲĻƬռ伸Ҫһ㣬ţһӴĹⲨǿˡ
Ʒŭһǿ࣬Ǿһ㣬ųĻĺڰ
ʲôĻɫ䣬ǰȣƷļǱ˵Ŀ£ߵĻϵĻɻĻԿ
͵ģĻڵħӿڻ֮УֻűƷΪǿħֲ
ں֮£Ļ껹һ
ƷǱһóѰЦһ˫ȵļ񽣣ڵԪ𲻶ϵ񽣡
䣡
һ죬Ϊ֮һ
֮ɫƷ磬˫ƽ񽣣ǽĻ겻ϵ󷽴ˡ
Ļ꾪֣û뵽ڻ֮ƷʵͻȻǿô̫࣬ˣĻһʱԵֿƷ粻ϵıߡ
ǿƷķ˷ܲѡ
ʱƷͻȻ˫һĴȻֳһǽһ޴֩һ㣬ȫĻӸסˡ
ݣݣ
һĽϵϮĻӣݺݵĻĻϣһƬƬ⻪ЩȻķ
쵰
Ļŭһ͵һųһɿֲħֻкڹʢţǿҹĹâڵĿռ䶼סˡ
Ʒľѣ͹Ļʵ
ȻƷҲ޾ɫ˫ֺݺݵһԼǿг˿
ĻһȻӾ˳Ʒȥ
ۼĻʱƷͻȻհ˫һɣȵӰٵһתֱĻǰ
أ
ƷصһȭֱӻĻϡ
Ļ꾪ֵĵɴ˫ۣûܷӦƺһǿ͵ȭͷǿҵİ׹⣬кһɿµĽƣԼбݺݵ˹
أ
һ죬ƷȭͷĻϣļĻǳªѾҪȥǿǹѰɼƷһȭжôǿ

Ļҽһڱ֮УѪ罦Ժ죬ʶǳֶݵģ˱ȵ˳ȥ
Ʒɫһɲ׵ķŹλᡣ
һ̼۳һ޴İ׹⽣壬һʽغһ
ںϣںϣ˼ΪһХĽֱ֮˶ĤҪ⽣Х֮ѣʵΪˡ
ݣ
޴Ľ壬ƿնȥƷڽ֮УɱĻꡣ
ΣĻ걾µľ˹Ǿ޴ĽѾƵǰƼΪĿֲĻһɺ⡣
ִ֮£Ļȫʶ̧񽣣δʹȫӭȷ޷ȥӭƷһ
أ
޴ĽǰУټһƬѤĹ⻪ɾײ֮УռҲôѿ
ĻʹһԶԶȲϿսķ׾ٵĵжƷȫһ
ͣ
Ļ͵һڵѪѪڣҲҪѿһ㣬ĵֱƷ˳ȥ
ƷһޱűǱĻꡣ


1193 ĻҰ
ǿ
ǾղƷһʵ̫ˣĻˣɼĻܵƻᡣ
벻׵ľǣƷиû𽣣ɸղһΪʵʵĽڷĽ
ʱĻ˫ѾѪ˿ѪҲΪ̫ŭ˲ŵŤˡ
û뵽֮Ļ껨ô˼ޣȻƷĶ֣ѾĻ걸ܴ
Ļ⵽ƲᣬڵħҲǺȥ˲١
ȻƷҲ˲ٵԪƷˣƷڳеơ
Ǻǣ;ĩ˰ɡƷһЦڵĻѾƷ繹вˡ
ЦĻ̧ͷɫޱȣҧгݵƷ磬һֱҶоĹ뽣֪ûĹ֮ǰյħӦûɣ
ûΣƷһм
ߣǾúüʶĻһֳ񽣣ֲħٴΪ֮ɫ䡣
ǿħƷ簵Ϊľ
ĻȫŨħ˵ȻҺĽգҲĽеõջ٣ɱΪһȫĽգҲֻǽѡȻҲżָм㣬ǵõĽҲ޷Ľҵħ
ôƷɫƽ΢΢һֻһǿĽ
׵ģĻЦһͻȻһ־񽣣ңָ졣
ٶУֲħ̼֮£ľһƬƬӴĺƣ粨˰ӿţͬľޣڶ
֮УȻһɿµħűȻɫĩհĹ⾰֮УϢ˸еϢ
ħΪֲΪ˱ҲǲڽһˣܵĲ
ʱƷħıѹ֮£磬ȻħǺǿƷûоһֻɫж˼־衣
ͻȻ
ĻֽԶŵħһ㣬۵µһСѹĺƺ̲һӴħȻĻĻϵС
Ʒһ˫ֲϣٶ۳һ޴İ׹⽣壬лӿһɻɫĹ棬˼
ɲЦĻ꾹Ȼ˵¿ԣȻǶϷħΪ֮ǿƷȫһ
Ļں֮Уֳž񽣣ѹħƴƷ磬һħ֮ŭ
װԣһɼرħѹ£ƺԶŵħ֮ƾϾͿƬռƿһ޳Ѻۡ
Ʒ޾⣬ֽž޴壬һĻһ㣬ǿޱȵǳгȥ
𣡡
һ֮쳹ءֻĺ֮УͽȻֳһֻӴޱȵħޱȣռ˰գһ˫޴ѪɫӣİƷ硣
Ȼ֮䣬޴ħ£;֮Уȥ֮ռһƬƬıлΪ˷飬ſѪ죬һǡ
һĻʵ̫ˣ֮˶˵ľһĻ档
ҲɫһĻδƾ˵ĿֲĴѾʼ׷׹˿ŰһƬƬĿ硣
ٽʥǵȳǣԳѹƬķݽȺӣøֱſڵأֻܵˡ
֮䣬ƺֻʣһħӰɻռ˰أаı˴˳š
ǿҵİâ֮УƷѾȫ˽֮Уɣʲô󣡽һ˵
ݣ
ХĽ˺˳ƬĿռ䡣
𣡡
ħŭһµλСྐྵȻ˵ΪԼƺѾħ׵ļŭˡ
䣡
ħӴȼǿҵħһХһ㣬֮£ƷƺԵ˵С
Ľ޼᲻ݣƷһҲƴе޴İɫȼһѪɫ𣬳ĳħ
䣡
һװľ죬оҵ𵴣ֲƲ߶ĿĹ⻪˲ϯ֮ء
ǾһɱĳУ׷ȫѾ˽Զĵط޷ܹɿµĲһȱ˳ȥ
¡¡
ٽļǣĳϮ֮£˲仯ΪһƬĩʬ޴棬Ż
ʱĿռΪһƬ֮ŵĹ⻪Уþ޷ɢȥݻٵĿռҲþ޷õƽϢ
ҵĿռУȻֳƷĻӰ˷ĲţһһֱӲÿʮغϵĶ뽣˶Ѿӵ˼¡
¡¡
ıը֮죬ôо綼Ҫ˶һ㣬ƺѾԽ˿ռơ
һĻʵ̫ˡ֪УеĳѾʮĽȺѾ׵ıˡ
Ҳ֪׹˶ãɢҵĹ⻪ɢ鲻ĿռҲʼ𽥵ϡҲڵüľȴȻ˿̹ġ
λ۷弶սġ
˿̣ļ֮УٴֳӰ
ĻƷٶնţҲ˲أͷɢǱѣ˿͸ҪĲࡣⲻشڵҲĴ
Сӡȡȿȣ㡭ĺǿȻܵסҵħĻڴŴ˵ѪɫӽƷ磬ֵҲܰɣǺǡ
ƷڴŴȷʵĻ˵Լܵ˸أҪȫˣڵԪҲҪݽˣƷǿҲڶʱָ
ǣƷ绹к֣ǱǴռ䡣ΪӦԺĻǵĽ֣ڴռƷѴ洢˲ٵԪȻر࣬ԶԸڵĻˡ
ǺǣˣӮˡƷЦЦڵõ˴ռеԪע֮ƷԭѾݽߵԪʼٵĻָţȻǶʱԻָָһԪǾûġ
㣿ôܣĻԾѵĶڿٻָʵƷ磬ΪʣץѣĻ˵ֱһΡ
ûʲôܵģΪѾҪˣƷ۳һɭĽ壬ѹʮĳڿԱˡ
ҲҪ㸶صĴۣĻĴЦһԭм忪ʼðһɹɶĵɫŧҺԸоĻڵһħ
Ϊ˶ԸƷ磬Ļ꾹ȻʹħȻ֮ḶӦĴۣĻѾûѡˡ
Ȼ
ʱԶ֮УٱļǿϢ


1194 Ѫ
⼸ϢͻȻղ
ȴĳ֮ɫΪ⼸ϢѾ˼ѹھλ
Ʒ絹ԵüΪ򾲰ӣһζЦĶĻ˵ôѲ㻹Ϊڻ˭ܰ㣿
β㣬ε㣡ĻĻص
𣿡Ʒ΢΢һЦȻҪʧˡ
ಣಣ
Ӱ˹λƾն֣ͬһλϻ׽һˣȻ֮ǰȥõ޻ʡ
ɣƷǺֶΣʲô˼޻ʳƷŭǱۣϵսѿˡ
չȥĻһҡ
ʵ̫ϤˣǰλͻȻֵߣеϳߡ
Ǽλʵµ߲ǵˣŴӽһλҲǵ˵Ļƿɾȫһˡ
Ʒϳߣϲѣֵлλǰ
Ǻǣ˼һԾЩǸЦСŷŭִܵ޻ʡ
λǰáƷЦ
Ʒ磡˶޳Сˣ㲻˵Źʲô˼޻ʽŭѡ
ǵģ˵Ź㣬ҲŹ㣬־͹ĳ̫ˣ޹ءƷ޻˵
Ц޻ʣȻС˵ĺݼƣ޻ŭĽе
һƷʵƷСѣһҪΣ
ȽҵǡƷصʾǡ
ˣ־һսӾԲŹСˣ޻ʼΪʵŭе
ûȤƷ缫Ϊ䵭Ļص
Ҳȥ޻ʳ̸ֱӽ޻ӹǡڵ˹ȥһɭ޻ʵϡ
޻ҪҲΪˣΪܵشڵҲҲסˡ
޻÷ƴĺţƷһгţҪԸĻꡣ
ߣյֶΣû뵽㾹ȻϲĶˣĻƷټϳߵĻĻϣҲԽӵãˡ
ǺǣĻû뵽ּˣǰɣЦЦ˫֣Ļꡣ
ͦģû뵽ǾȻܹ⿪ҵħ䣡Ļ޺޵˵
ɶƷСˣȻҲܳˡ˵ƷĴмġ
ߣĻ꣡վڣϳߵĻʱֺ޲óȥɱˣԳѾõĥ
ʱƷһ˵λǰǲس֣Ҫú֮ĶԹ
⡭üͷһ塣
ģһбܽѣӦƷص
ǺðɣСģһƶúܡѵ
ƷͷϵĽĻꡣ
ĻĿЦǺǣƷ磬֮ǰҶԸʱȡڵľѪӦûעɣ
ѪҺƷ΢΢ü
ߣΪûκ׼𣿡ĻƷ磬ݰ˵ǺǣˣóǶ֮
ΣƷȻм
ΪĻЦţϾǷ˹ȵѪ⣬һɭµаţ¶ȱüȵ䡣
ǡϾ㵵ĵ˫ۣƺ뵽ʲôѪ䣡
Ѫ䣿Ʒ绹ûе˼ͻȻĸоƺӿһɹаȻڿʼԼڵѪҺ
ܰɣĻЦʵ㣬ѪΪĶ䣬ǰϲеĶ仹ҪӵܿͻıѪҺ
Ʒ翪ʼڵԪѹڵа亹ҧһ㣬ʹ಻ѣû뵽Ѫ侹
ɣɫһ˱Ʒǰз׷ֳ
ɱ㣡ѪȻ⣡Ͻе
ɱҰɡĻص
ߣǾԸһӽɱȥȴǱϸˣ˵ɣ
磡ƷСһļѪ䣬ֻҪɱһеļѪŻж⡣Ͻǵ˵
㷴ẦƷСѡҡҡͷɫʹƷص˵СѣѪʵΪҲһַǳ˵Ķ䣬˵֪Ѫʩ˵ǹΪһġ
Ϊһ壿ʲô˼Ʒʵѹڵа
𣿡Ļ˵ҵļѪ䣬ܵκε˺Ҳܵͬȵ˺ҪӵʹࡣȻܵ˺Ȼܵ˺ҵӰ첢ǺܴġȻʩڼѪҵʵƣ㾹ȻҪҲֻˣ
ɫ䣬û뵽Ѫ侹Ȼ˿¡
ǺǣĻ꣬㻹ҪһɣһЦܵ˼ѪˣɱʩߣǱԽ䡣
Ļ꾪£ƺΪϸ˶еޱȵľɫתǵûˣѾɥʧһܹԸң
ȷʵڵƷڼѹڵаȥԸĻꡣ
ԣǷǳЦģѾûˣĻɫһһȻֱƷɱȥ衣
룡һͬʱһӳӭĻ赲˹ȥ
䣡
һǿҵײĻǿ⣬ֱӱ˳ȥѪ

ƷҲʹһڴڵѪڵаԽӵˣŲҪȥܵʹĥԽԽˡ
ƷСѣǴһɫޱȵԹޡ
Ļ䵽һߣЦǺǣɣ˵ˣ˺ҵھ˺СӣСҪɱңжʵȷʵǴɱҾǺ׵ģҲСܹһͬɥ
ļѪ䣬Ҳŭѣڸ޷ȥƷ硣
磬ڿô죿ƷСѿ֧Ų˶áһ˵оƷʵҪѹѪҲס
롣˳˼
ͻȻƷ紫ˣ鷳λǰסĻ꣡ڵļѪ䣡
Ǿ£õİ취ҲֻƷн⿪ѪˣǰҪѹסĻж
ңҲֻѡĻ
˼޷Ҫ󡣡ϰ˵Ǳ㳯Ļ˹ȥˡ
Ļƺʶ˲ԣеʲô
ס㣡ѾƵĻǰͬʱ̽˫֣ĿסĻ꣬ĻԶ
ǸҹĻŭе
ʱƷ̧ͷڵʹ࣬Ѫɫ䶢Ļݺݵ˵СѣΪѪŪ̫ˣ


1195 ն
Ѫ䣬һͬھĶ䡣
û뵽Ļ꾹Ȼʩ´䡣
ʱƷɫʹĳ鴤ţڵа̫ʢˣǲȥԸĻ꣬ƷҪѹаҲ¡
ĻƣԶȴȻĴЦƷ磬͵źúñĥɣ
Ʒʹ಻ѣ亹ȫĽȫˣڽһԪѹǹаƷĻĲأȻԸѪ䲢Ƕ⣬ĻƵĺա

뷲˵Ʒǰǲѣȴǲ֪νѪ䡣
šģһܳŵסƷ紭ص
ŵסܳŵ˶ʱĻе
˫۽ͷƷѵƷСѣÿ㣬ѪϵԽǾԽʱǶΪˡ
ллסƷ˵ͷƺ뵽ʲôﲻֳ𸮣ڽ֮ʱƷĻһĻ꣬ͺúÿţһļѪ䣡
˵գƷС
˲䣬ƷѾ뵽˲ռ
ռ䣬ֻҪȫȥƷ缸ӵв
ڣƷ׼һΪ󵨵ĳԣǱааžſµǿյĻвصĺҲȫıȥ壬ڲռƷŸô
뵽ڴˣƷסڵʹ࣬ȶ񣬽ȥԪѹƣȻʼȥа
ƷһɰٴκԵѪһӵĿаҲһ͵˵յĻҲȫܡȥƵĻʵ䷴
ƴˣƷţѾԪѹƣȻȥаںϡ
аһӴĵоһ㣬ûƷԪѹƱøӵΪƷУƷѪҺ

Ʒסʹһε˹ȥ
̣̣Ե̣
Ʒ޷֮ģаϮʹҲǳܣΪаܹԼ壬ƷҲκεĵơ
ΪƷã֮УҲиʵǸʵЩͬʶľ飬õЩϿɣǱҪЩܹԼ
Ѫ䣬һֿµаҲڼ¸һ֣ǿռһ㣬εģ˵ǲڡ
аȻ˸еޱȵ񣬵չ˵ҲһֿõƷ˵κεֻҪﵽһǿջΪõġ
ÿһ̣Ʒ綼ڳž޴ʹ࣬Ʒ绹ţаԼϮƷҲûзȥа
ʹ࣡µʹ࣡
֪жʱƷ綼Ҫʹʵ̫ĥˣ˸ӵʹ졣
ǣڵƷѾͬˣԴڲռ֮УƷ綼֪ܶٵʹĥʹԶʹһҲͲʲôˡ
аһجһ㣬ҪƷڵľѪڵ׼Ʒͷ֮УаƵУǿɾͱˡ
ʹˣƷ绹ûзžʹȥаǻ˵Ļʧȥڴ󲿷ֵľѪ綼Ѿˡ
֮УѾǵĵȴãƷٳδ֡
ĻⲻѣЦǺǣѾоˣСѾԶˡ
죡ԶͻȻһ˵ǵûеôǵεÿһǿͦúÿŰɣһĳ
Ǻǣ̫ſɲǺõģʧ󡣡ĻһЦ
ţܵ񡣡ͷ˼ĸ̾
֪ĻҲٳ̸ʵĻҲǺܺµģƷܹнѪ䣬ζҲͽ군ˡ
˿̣ڲռУаѾͿҪƷˡ
ʹָоʵ̫Ϥˡ
һ̣Ʒ绹ûз
ͻȻ
һɹаȻʼƷڡ
Ȼֻһ㣬ƷѾоˣζаѾʼԼˡѣϣٶȵȼ
һΣƷֿʼȥа
û뵽һξ˳
ƷҲɣƺѾеһУϵȥаĸоаϢƷС
ˣˣƷ־ϲһڳɹˡ
˵ʵ̫˼ˣƷ˹򣬾Ȼ䶼ˡ
ֱá
͵ģƷ˫ۣа⣬ȵĿи˼ааĸоƷʵ־һƷа֮󣬻һֿµȻЩƣȴԽֵɵ
֮ԭ֮ɫĻͻȻŵĵ˫ۣٶ⡭ⲻܣԲģ
˲֪ĻͻȻʧ̬ƺ뵽ʲôҲһƷѾɹ˼Ѫ䡣
һ£ƷȵдżаѪĻĿ¸о
ƷСѣ㡭Ǿ㵲ѣΪоƷʵȻĪĻָˣʵ̫ˡǿ˼Ѫ䣬ҲøһЩƣڵƷһ¶ûС

Ʒ磡
ǾϲѣҲΪ⣬ڵƷ
ô£ôҵļѪ䣡ĻɫҰ׵ʵ
ܼ򵥣ƷЦĻص
գĻĿ࣬ԼĶ侹ȻƷˣһصĴƷѾȫ˳Ĺ
ţǾưɡƷһЦһֳ̧оȻ۳һɰѪɫţűһޱаϢ
ϢʵĻ̫ϤˣĻ꾪ֵıͻ˫ۣԽܰӽеаǼѪеа
ƷɫһͬԽռӵĻǰǳûÿˣƷ͵ı̧һƶĻؿϳ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬͵ЯŹаĺĻؿϡĻϵֱӱ˿ΪһƬƬĩ

ĻʹһͨѣѪ۷׵ĵ˳ȥ
Ʒɫ۳һѪɫţߵҪĹ
һ̣ħƷ磬ĻĵĿ־ˣ˵ľ
ȻΪĻһǱɵʱһ׶ѹס֣


1196 ĳ
һһըһ㣬ݺݵĺ˵š
ɫ䣬벻ͻȻôðôĶǿߡ
Լǣһʱǵɫպձˣƺżֿɫ⡣
Ʒ֪һƵʵףҲûƷ֣ưĽеƷҪɱˣ˭Ҳֹң
ಣ
ƷŭɱĻꡣ
ĻɫڵֻһܹõĻѡ
Ȼʱ
Ʒ缴ɱĻʱƾճһɫĹɫ̺ΪĿֲ;ռ価ԻΪ˷顣
Ʒɫ䣬ǲʣҲĸоĿ£ֱӴݻԼ
£ƷֻεȥԸĻ꣬תڵӭǵµĲɫȥ
䣡
޴ĺƷϣ𵴳Ĺ⻪ֲľӿɨܣһǿĿռ侢ѹΧˡ
ɫ䣬׷׻ӭȴǱȷ׷ױ˳ȥΨǲſǿסɾĳѹ
þãϢƽ
֮ƷɫţȻûܵʵʵ˺Ϊ˵סĪһѾƷ粻ٵ
ãƷ˿ǿ
չۣƷɫصȥ֮оȻߣƷѾ²⵽˸ղǹݡ
ʱĻҲǾδԼţⲻѡ
ǣء
֪ǲô֣Ϻߵ
ɣڸ߿ֳ֮ĵϵӰһɿֲѹĽٶ¡
ĵӰΪ׷ԲԵߡɱϣɢϢԲƷϳκһˡ
Ļλֵ߳ʱȻִż־ϲĻҲû뵽õλߵҲپƷˡ
ƷɫأͻȻֵλߣǶκһƷ粻Ϊ壬˵ĻƷ籶ѹرǸղһΪλߺϻ֮ƷͲֵסҿԸоǣղһλ߲ûʹȫȥԼȻǲҲܵش
ȱԶǷ׷˹֮ɫоλߵʵϳ߻ҪӵĿֲ
˭סʡ
ǺǣǾĴϣҲԭ͹ʹҲ֮дõĶλߡϵĻЦȻżѹ
ʹ˾㵲ѣƾ͹ʹߵݣԹܹΪ͹ʹʵǼ򵥡
λ֮Уǰһλ£ƵòȻߣĴϣʹߡ
һλл۵ߣĶϣʹߡ
ΪɫµΪϣʹߡ
һλΪªźۣĿ֮壬ʱɢһޱаϢ˱óаλϣʹߡ
λϵʵڶ⼶ľλ
ʱƷ磬һϳŷŭȻǶƷղŲǵȰĻֶеΪջ
Ʒ޾ɫӭλϵĿ⣬ֱֱӭȥƵζ
ʱдѹֵգֵǺǣԭλϣղŶеλϼ¡
Ǿˣֻû뵽ǣ֮оȻ˿֮ˡǲ֮ЩԹԹѾӰ쵽֮ص򡣡һŭӣ䶢Ʒ˵һҲΪȥϰλλծģ
λʹߣλ˵Ʒ磬ȺһѾɱ֮еλѾˣĻ깧˵հŭƷ硣
ߣ˲ңҲˣ˭ǵҵҲɱƷһɫ
ÿĿҲúÿڸʲô˵ΪŭƷ硣
ЩǵĶͷѾһЩ亹Ʒ紫ƷСѣʵõ
ллǰƷû¹˭˵ҪвңҲһסƷִĴص
Ȼ֪ǵǿ󣬵ǿȫҳϵվƷߣҲûչ¶κεľ⡣
ʱ΢΢Ļ˻ֹŭ˫Ʒ˵Ʒǰɣ⼸Ų٣ȻΪϷҪȰǣ죬еһжҪԸСȥ֮ˣѾȫ֮ص򡣡
漴Ʒ˵λϿǰƷֻΪСλǰֹҵĻҲֻܲ˼˵£ûֹң
˫һ裬ȴֺ򾲰˵ϷҲ㣬ĻҪˡȻȥϰλҹλߣҲҪܵһĳͷ
ϣҡ޻ͻȻһʱĽе޲þ̹ˡ
ͰˡмĻص
޻ɫͣղŻŵģһ¾ͱҤ
ǺǣͷƷһЦȻͷޱ˵Ҳ˵ǰͷⴥλǰλǰִ˵ĻƷҲֻΥλǰ˼ˣ
˵꣬ƷϿʼӿǿơ
Ʒ˿ҲǷŭ⣬ǧ˵Ħ˹֮⣬ûиĴôġ
ǵҲͬͷųһɹǿµϢֱֲƵƬնó
䣡䣡
ֲϣƺѾӰɫ䣬׹˸еѹֵܡ
ʵԲãؿǱѹſʯһ㣬ѾЩ͸֮ˣٶȶϾòΪϱȸղŵĻҪǿ
ƷĴҲ֮⣬ϳŨҵս⣬ҲƷӵеĲԲǿǰͷ
Ʒǰ
ôλҲҪά𣿡ʵ
ЦЦһƷ磬ȻŶ˵λϣƷСѲжǣǵѣԲǶѡվƷСѵϡ
ǰƷ£ǶԼ֧֣Ϊжڻʲôη塣
˼ʢŭѡ
˻ЦǺǣչǧ꣬û뵽Ѿû˵ķˡҲãˣôãҲʱҪúף˭˵
˫ìܣһεļ


1197 
˿ɣµʱ鷳Ʒ粻ɶԶǴ֪ǵԼ˻ܵ
ҲƷɸһһȥֻһֱûƷǵ뿪ŸΪµĵˣھĻᶼûС
޻УһǷϰӣԭΪǻԼȴһĻᶼûˣڵûȥԸƷ硣
ͬʱҲ˵Ļмļֵˡ
ʱǸƷǰǶš
üͷ΢壬ǶԸƷĻǾʮİգǵĻ˵ȫǾԼٵġ
ϣǿҪúѵҲһͬ룬ΪСҲֵ̫ˡ˵
˵û֮䲢κεĶԹҲ񶼳Ϊˣأȿ˵
ǺǣѾúˣ²λԸˡϵȻһЦ޾ɫ
ллƷȶЦЦȻֻͷǣˣʲôо;ʹ˰ɣĻöˣ
治֪ߵغ񣡡ЦһԵ΢΢ͷʾһ˱㻺߿մȥ
ƷԭزڵԪ𰵰תʱ׼š
ʱҲ׷еʼתڵһɹӴϢ㿪ʼӿ
ƷСѣɲСǣΪǺܻܿͻȻصĶƷ紫
ƷȻ
ûԭΪ͹ǾȻΪ͹ʹڰ͹֮ʱ㴫ǽҲǿĽںܾ֮ǰǾ¶Ļص
ףԻСġƷͷһ֮ɫнı۳һɭĽ壬ͻȻǵǰǰЭұɣǾӡ
ôԣ˵ˣΣǾԶ㣬Ҳ㲻ˡĵ˵
֪ǰǵĺ⣬ңӦġƷһɫĻصʵƷ绹úȥʶһϾսķҲġ
Ʒ˼Ҳپܾǿĺһ㣬Ʒ
ʱѾڸ߿֮Ӹ°ŵͿմƷǣƷս׼ϸǳ֮⣬Ӽŭǡ
ߣܺãһǧˣǰ˿˾Ψˣһ͵ҫһǿҵİ׹⡣
ȣ
ǽŴһϸҫ˸ɫĹââѸٵӶƬռһ㡣
Ȼ֮䣬ɫ䣬ƬƺѾĵâռˣγһӴĲɫߣ˵Ϣһɹɳصѹѹ¡
¡¡
濪ʼҵҡţԭѲƲĵ棬ܵɿֲѹǷ׷ݣ񳾣
ÿֲ
Ʒɫأɢѹʵǿ÷˼ѾƷ繹һв
ȻҲֻǰѡ
֮еˣһƬֻУԭŸոƽ²ãŹ˲ãǱһɸΪֲѹ
ѵĩ
Ʒ磡Ǿ͵ȥɣԶǱĻ꣬ȴĴЦʵĻҲôܣϾʵ̫ǿˣʧȥıӻĻĴҲеĺá
ԶҲľѣ˳֮ȥֵסϵĳؿﻹǱѹƵġ
ʱ߿֮ĵɫʲһǿ⿪ʼ˸ţֽĿʼΪһ壬ϡɼʹдĵӰӣڲʲôһ㡣
ʱƣǹɲɫâԽӵǿʢҲԽԽֲƬնҪһ㣬׹Ʋ֮֮ƺһֻµľޣ
䣡
һľ죬ϴټγһɿµĿռ侢ͬ˰ıڶ£춼ˡ
󣡡Ȼһ
̣˱֮վеţڵеﲻϵӿһӱƷγһɫ֡
ɱС֣Ǽ֮ͨԲƷĿս̫࣬ΪѾƶµ϶赲סˣɫҲ⵽˾ҵ𵴡µܵ赲Ȼ˿ȥ
ءһ
еһӴĹⲨ粨˰ӿĿռϮȥϢľޣ͵ıš
ˣ
һ˵׷ԶȥѾ˵ʮ֮⣬ǱƵˣ˰ͲǳܴﵽΧ
Ļ꾪һشܵסɾѪ磬Ǿ˳ȥܲѡ
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ķɳ֮УƬľʯĴɣǻδ˵Ŀ£ѵ񼶵
Ʒɫǵıӻ֮лǸо˾޴ѹ˵ûȿֲѹѾȫԽ˾λĽޡ
𣡡
һװ֮죬ϵϣؼţ˵ġ֮ҲһƬ֮УѾʼͷ޽
ԼǼռƬյĲɫâ֮Уһ޴ĲɫʼڰڶӣɢĿֲһѹ¡

ɫ䣬ʹѾƴȫسѹ֮£ҲԵżܣԽԽˡ
ƷɫһͻȻصʵǰǵʹҲӦҪĲٵɣ
ûҪصĴۣҲڸܹ֮ɱֻҪܹȻĳסһˡϻصƺڿڶԵЩˡ
Ʒͷ̧ͷŤŵĲɫƺ¶ĳ־һ㣬ߵҲ뵲סƷ磡
͵ģƷ羹ͻȻµķ硣
ƷСѣǾһȻʧɫ
ΪԾǣƷ羹ƺҪȥ
ˣǷˣ
ƷƺҪƾԼȥӦ
ûƷھҪȥƴֻҪƷܹһ֮סĹǱܼٶǵ˺
ʵƷ˼Ҳܼ򵥣Ҫк֣Ҳ⵽شɾûܹԸˡ
ʱҲӦƷıƽ֣ĻǱģս


1198 ħ
䣡
ѹ֮УƺһƬֲϢС
ƷɫǳմӴĲɫбȥΪƷѿˣҪΪƷҪñǽǵ͸ơ
ȻðգƷԵʹʧ˵ĻƷҲ˵ڶӦ֮ߡ
ǣǼ򵥡
ٽǲɫеʱǹѹøǿˣŵĿռݺݵĳƷ硣Ʒ߱˿ռƷҲԳƶ롣
ಣ
ƷݺݵĳȥѾļʹֻ޴Ĳɫһ˫޴ɭ䶢ƷλߣƷ粻еȻһֻûľȴƷоޱȵѹ
ţս⽣Ϊһ壬˾һĳǿгƹصľѹ
ǼˣǵǲѣƺҲƷ˼㼫ǿǷֵҪģܹ֮ȥԸǡ
أ
ƷѾӴĲɫ֮УֲϱܱѹƷ硣
Է
Ʒ統һȣ˲˲ĽʵʵĽԼ档
䣡䣡
ϣһһĳƷľԷƷǿľԷҲڳ׼Ҫѡ
Σ֮ʵ̫ǿˡ
ߣСӣ󵨣ȻҴټشڲʹĽ֮ŭƷ硣
Ʒһ֧žԷһǺݺݵ˵ߣҾȻҴǾûǵ˼
ЦһƷ磬Ϊǲ֪ʲô⣬ֻϧʵ̫ˣ̫͹ħˣ
ħ󣡡Ʒ簵ѡ
Ǻǣħǰ͹˴ǿĽڴ֮УӵűЦ
ߣȻ˵ãҪȫҲҪһʱɣƷһ
ûܴǣһ㣬ֻҪħ֮ʱóȻУǾͱɣΪħ֮У㴳߻֮ܵ⣬ǵʵõԤ벻
˵գͻȻֳһݺݵıһĽֱƷ硣
Ʒɫ䣬ĵǿޱȣѾȫסƷ·ƷڵӿֻȥӭǵĹˡ
䣡
һ죬ĵµĽħռЯѹһ˲㽫ƷľԷƣƷҲڵԪĻסԼ塣
䣡
һǿҵ֮죬̵ĸоɿֲľƷϣƷԪ壬ֱӽƷ˳ȥ
ܿ죬ƷȶסӣڴŴȻ
ɫһƷϵĿսһΪԾӣŭʵСӣôпսǰ͹˵
͹񣿡Ʒ̰ЦǺǣǵİ͹ҲǺܿǣȻҵ
죡Ͳ䣡ջѣһ˲ֳһĽݺݵϮƷ硣
ƷһӭϮһ㵲˹ȥ
ءһ
ǿǿƷһƷֱ˳ȥƷȻӵſս壬Ҳ𵴵Щܡ
ûüƷ͵ϮһĽ⽣ʵ̫ˣƷҪħıѹ⼸ǲܿġ
͵תƷֳһ峯һ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ƷȻֱ˳ȥһ¾͸ˣκһ˵ʵĻ൱Ҫǿһ֡
ߣȻпսⲢζħΪһڵӿ
Ҳֹͣ˶ƷĹ˳ڵħеĿռűԽԽ¡
ƷǺ죬ѹͻȻʹпսҲǱѪڣϢҲʼЩҡ
ߣҪôɱңҪôƷɫһΪǿԵĽؼΪһ塣
ͻȻ
𣡡
ӿĲɫâռУղĲɫѾ̽˾­Ʒ磬Ｗǿҵɱ⡣
֮ŭ
ͬһȣϱҫ۵ĹâűǹâסˣξȻʧˡ
͵ģǲɫһɿֲĻ֮ŭųƷ磬;ȥӿĿռ価ԱΪһƬĩ
ʱƷѾںΪһǲɫ֮ʱƷͻȻһӰ
һӰƷĵһ塣
һ壬ӵƷһ
Ʒĵһ徹Ҳֽ壬Ϊһ壬гǲɫ
ȻƷĵһ岢赲סǲɫĳٿǲɫ
ƷȴˣΪ͹ǲɫǿǱƷĵһ岢Ʒӵпս
䣡
Ʒĵһ廹δƽǲɫգۼ㻯Ϊ˷ĩ

ƷҲоˣƷѾûк·ˡ
ʽغһ
Ʒһһ޴Ľ壬Ľâӭǲɫֱӳɱ˹ȥҲƷƴһ
䣡
޴ĽֱӴǲɫ֮У˲һֲıը֮ĿռǻΪһƬҽ
䣡
һ죬͵ĳӿһֲ
ס
ϾȣҲʹеĳ
֮䣬͵𵴿һӴĹⲨ
أһ
û뵽ɳ֮˵ĺˣǵķ߻δ֧Ŷã㱻ˡ
ҲûзеĵֵţȴڳвϵıˣѪ治һܡ
ԶǣҲܵǿҵĳ֮ԶܵĲرǿҲʹеȥֵɻǱˡ
䣡
֮ضҵţ񼶵ȷΪ£Ѿ֮أʵֱӾͱѹ
ƺһƬѾû˿ռƵ֮УֳƷӰ
ƷȴƯţڵÿյģʹ𸮵ûУƷž޴ʹѾʧȥκεķ֮
ģ֮УƷƺǰȻֳһֻħĲɫرһ˫޴Ѫӣӳһֻ޴צӣĳƷץȥ
һ̣ƷƺѾᵽζŲɫһƷѾٷˣֻܾı˫ۡ
ȻǲɫץƷʱƷϵĿսͻȻҫһɫâϹֳɳħľӰĶǲɫ
֪ΪΣڼսֳϹɳħ֮ʱǲʹƺʶµĸо˿־壬Ȼͣ˹ƣҲʧ֮С
ƷоԼȻ˫ۣϲ¶һЦݣǶԵġ
ûǿսƷ磬Ȼħǰ͹µĽƷǿսһ̣ħȻʧЧˡ


1199 תΣ
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ޱӴĹⲨϮţĿĹâڸеһУϢݺҰԲ֮أһƬΪҽٽļǣѱһƬĵأԭЩѾоκεϢˡ
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ÿֲ𣿡ǾֲѣͷĴӲƵĵгӣʹԶ֮أҲ⵽˾޴Ĳ

Ǿз׷նȻƷ˴󲿷ֵĺں֮Ҳ⵽һĴˣƷĻҲøصĴˡ
ˣƷأ
һ㶣ѭĴȥȴʧȥƷӰ
ƷСѡɫȻз˼⣬ûƷĻҲڽˡ
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Ҳ֪ƷֻڵԵüΪķŭѾ˳ޣŸ߿մǡ
һ죬ĻһʯǱѿӣղŵǹɲѾĻʧȥе
ǡС𣿡Ļ괭Ŵֹš
ʱڸ߿֮ȴǾ֡
ˣħȻˣһ𾪵ɫΪħȥʱҲ⵽صķɣҲʵ
⡭ʲô£Ȼ޷ܡ
սСϵĿսݺݵ˵ŭѣȻħˣȻƷҲȥ
Сôˣ׼Žе
ڡɫ̧ͷϿմȥ
ȻǽָĿռ֮УһϸСӰҶĻ¡
˿Ӱֵʱ򣬾㵲ѡ
û˱Ʒˡ
ʱƷƺѾ˻״̬ɥʧеȻħʧЧˣƷ绹⵽˾ҵ
Ʒ磡

Ǿһ㼱ٵ׹еƷȥ
ߣ룡һ˱ȥ
ಣಣ
ȴһ֮ǰ
˼λϲǰһˡϳ˵
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ûƾǣϳ
˱еǡ
ᣬڸ˹ȵĽסƷ磬ȻǱάţŭǡ
ƷֵܡĻƷ磬Ʒһĳţѣ˷׷׸еʹַŭ
ǺǣϷ򲻵СӵʵеĻҪǿȻܹħѣ⡣һЦֵûô˰ɣ
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λϣҷȰһ䣬ʿɶֹȻ˫֮䶼ûκεĺôϵ˵ҲǼҪάƷȫˡ
Ǻǣв𣿡Цһʡ
ҲλΪУ֮£͵Ϊֹ΢΢ҡͷ˵
СǸѵǲõ񱦲ҪǶСӵĻǵĻɾҪ󽵵ˡ˵
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ʶô˫һ裬ֳ͵ı׷ױǿϢǡ
Ǻ޾ɫ׷Ķţ˴˺á
ʱͻȻͷǽеȴƷСߣǱɣ
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ӦʱɲսʱΪڻ״̬ƷݳκεĲء
Ʒ׼롣
ȻһӰƾնְĵסǵȥ·
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ɫ䣬Ƕޱ𾪵ĶǵӰȻһ
Ǻǣ治˼ϲѾƲס˰ɣ޻ʵһЦϳŭû뵽ڸղŵǹɲ֮У޻ʵѾнˡ
վһ¶ˡЦݣ޻˵޻ʣÿǸոպãЩһͽԸˡ³֮ǾԲģ
ллλϣҾԻóġ޻һհӣ֮޻ѾָʵȻ⵽һЩˣЩ֮лû˻޻ʵĶ֡
޻ʣҪϼŭ
ѾúƷҪˣ޻ɫһ͵һ𣬻һӰһ˲ӵǵǰ
޻ȭ޻ʱһݺݵıһȭǡ
סһС
£뷲˵ȱ޻֮ǰ׷ӭ޻ʵһȭŭĻȥѾʹе
䣡
һ죬𵴳һɾ޴ĹⲨ޻ȭͣʮλλʵҲףر뷲˱Ѿﵽ˰λʵ

޻ɫһ䣬оһǿ͵ľ˻ȥ
ҲǺܺܣرǽĦһ˵ȣѾ⵽ȭϾ޻ȭʵ̫Եˡ
ҵǣƷ⵽κε˺Զ
ߣȻܵסҵ޻ȭ޻һŭǣ޻ʵҪһӽǴܿҲôˡ
ҪôҪôеָ޻ʣɱˡ
˵˹ֻͷ˵磬Ҫ뿪ͽǶԸ
Ȼڱʵıһ㣬޻ʵǰ
ͷȻȥңѾݲԥˣ㻤Ʒȥ
ߣûôףһ⣬ٱ׷ȥ
סϴһ׷ȥ
ͻȻ
һĮӰѾԵǵǰף˷סǵȥ·
ʵԸ˱ˣǱ߾òǵˡЦ

ŭһѾõһֱն˹ȥ
͵ĲһֱܹһһĹ⻡ƺ˰ֱϵĲм˹ȥ
亹һҷӦÿ죬Ѹٵ𳤽ݺݵĵһ
ءһ
˫ǿʯ֮䣬ϸԱ˳ȥ
֮ͬ䣬Ҳսһţ˫սΪҡ
ѾûܹȥԸĻ꣬Ļǿм΢ֻ롣ǲӵĻĻɲΪ䵽ǵкô


1200 Сǿ
˿̣Ϊ޻ʵļ룬ƱüΪ
ɱ
ŭһеȥ缫磬ֱ޻ʵؿȥȻʵ޻ʣٶȾԲ޻ʡ
޻ʰΪľû뵽ǰССİλ˵ãԲСӡ
͵ģ޻ʻȭͷֱӭһȥ
أ
еĳݺݵ޻ʵȭͷϣٵݽһ֣޻ʵȭ̫ǿˡ
ͬ޻ҲԽ
ৣ
˵˱ٵΧ޻ʣȫŭĳ޻ʵϺȥ޻ʵ·

޻ŭһ͵ıӿһɿµ
һ£еĳҵĲţ޻͵ǿ˼Ľ˳ȥ
һ̣ǼԵΧѾͺ˹
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һɹǿһӱ޻ʵķߣصĻ޻ʵϡ

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ʱͻȻӵ޻ʵǰ͵ĻȭͷȭͷгǿҵѪɫ⣬ŭһȭ
˵꣬һֻǿȭͷ޻ǳɫص˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ǿȭͷҪ޻ʵ׶ѹȥмһƬѪ޻˱˵һȭݺݵĻ˳ȥ
ǿûоʹ˷Ź޻ʣһ޻ʱַɱ˹ȥһҵĹϮܲ͸磬׺ĺ޻ʡ
ˣ޻ʷŭĽţû뵽ǱƵǱ
ʢŭ֮£޻ŭһǿҵĽ⣬ΪޣŹʧȻӿһɿµĿռ䲨Я絶ľ磬ڵӿ˷ǡ
ɫ䣬޻ʱ廯Ŀռ֪֮ηֻܷ֮׷׻ӭȴǱǿռ侢Ʒ˳ȥ

һʹУʵĽĦڣѪˮһ㣬˳űռ侢ˡ
Ϊλǿߣڼӭ֮£ſɵסһɵĿռ侢Ҳôܡ
оΣ޻Ц˿̵޻ѾΪһֻ޴Ĺޣªûй壬оһ޴ĵһ㣬нֻһɫ
ѵ޻ʵı塣
뷲ɫأ֮⣬˸δﵽλ֮ȥֳ廯֮޻ʡ
ΨҲΨ뷲ܹǿ޻һսˡ
˱˴˵ͷɱ޻ʡ
֪޻һ޴͵ڶһֻֻľ޴֣ЩֿɲͨĴ֣оһЩϷɭĺ⣬Ħһɹɵľ磬Щǡ
ڴ֮䣬ǽƻһ㣬ЩԻ
ݣ
еĳնһֻһֻĴ֡
ǣЩԭնϵĴ֣Ȼһ֧֧һ㣬Ϯ
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޻֮ɫһȭٶʵ̫ˣ˸ͣһʱܣӲĶŷһȭ
飡
һ죬һȭֱӺ޻ʵľϣʹĴһȭ֮ݣ޻ʵѾѪ˿趯ŵĴҲʼҵĻӶ
һ̣ɫͻȻ˹ȥŭеĳǿҵĺڹ⣬ŭһȥɣ
ݣ
һ׺ݵĴ˹һɹɶĵɫŧҺ罦޻ʲҽ˸Ž⣬ֱΪ״̬
ֻ޻ʵϺպһӣѪ˿ֻʣһѪɫŭǣŭҪǸˣ
͵ģ޻ʱŭɱǡ
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ԶǵսνǾ춯أ˽ھǼλƴĲţսٸغϣ˭Ҳ·硣
ֻǣȴɫأȥѾȥ˲ٵʱ䣬ﵣƷİȫʱϵԽԽ鷳㲻ɼǿ˹ơ
Ҳ֪һʱԽǻܣֻҪסǣʱԽƷ磬Ҳڽӡ
ʱѱΪ״̬Ʒ磬ٶ롣
Ȼ
ͻȻ㵵ĸо֮һǿµϢٶȼޱȣԼҪϼ
ˣɫ䣬ڵ֮ת𿪣ƴĶű͵ּӿٶȡ
κΣǹǿϢȻ治ᣬǹϢٶҲӿ˼֣ԶҪϺü
˿ֻҪٹһЩʱ䣬ĵ˱׷ˡϧⷽԲ֮УûκοԶصĵط
MDƴˣŭһ
ţһ֮ʵʵĽƷ˳ȥȻתӣ˫ۼŭ⣬һӭǹ׷Ϣг˹ȥ
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΢һ£תַЦǺǣãϧ̫ˡ
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սǷľ޴ţһ񼼣ҫ֮裡
ݣ
ƿһ趯һĿĽҫžһ֮죬һֻ޴Ľⳤӿӭǽײ˹ȥ
䣡
ֻǿҵĹ⻪
𣡡
ʹһʵǿ̫࣬һֵס޴㵹˳ȥ
գۣ˲ӵ˵еǰ͵һͷ­
˫һͣھ벻֮Уʶȥ
˼ǰһˡĳ˳˫ȻֻĿһ㣬޴ĴӸ߿׹
ʵۣȻʧɫﻬ
飡
䣬ĳʯ
ȥȥסƷȥķ򣬼ٵȥ
ಣ
ٶ죬һӱҪ׷ƷǰϷЦݣǺǣСӣҲͷˣ
ţеĳΪһ⣬ĽƣɱƷ硣
Ʒ״̬˵ȥǻ֪ԼѾھ֮С
ͻȻ
һҪƽƷ֮ʱƾնһ죬͵ıһԵ׵֮⣬ǻ

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䣡
һɫݺݵĺĽС

ʹһϮҵ֮ʹݺݵĻ˻ȥ
ţ֮չ߿մȥ۷һӴľӰһ㣬̾ڿա
СȻС


1201 ŭɱ
֮ϣ̾һֻȻͨʻƽ֮ɫ޴вһϹպһֻ޻ƽ
ֻƽܴ֮չضС
ɫֵĶСоСľ޴ѹھλǿߣ벻׵ǣΪ˿µ޾ȻƷ硣
룬˵֮Ǵﵽ۷״̬δСĶ֣û뵽֮лʵֲޣһԵޣǲ𰡡
Сһ֮Ʒ磬һ۲ԶѾڵѾʧȥϢ޴͵Ĳһ£ﷺ˷ŭѪ˿
֪ΪΣڱСһ˫ľţȫһɿ־Ȼӿͷ
뵽ڴˣ㹧ĳСλѣϷð㣬£֮Թܹ
ƨû˵꣬Сȳס
⡭⡭ŵһȴ˼ֵɫ˵ѣϷĶϣܹܹʹ˰֡
Ȼϣֻܹµ֪ѶˣϾ֮֮ãеġ
ȴˣΪȫͲ֪Ʒֻ޵Ĺϵ
ʱС˵֪˭𣿡
һ㶣һƷ磬ͻȻһɲԤС
ҵˣҵĴ硣С
ˣ磿ȻҰףŰĶСûڲѡ
㲻Ҵ磬ɱҵ磡һ㸶صĴۣСŭ˫һ裬һ޴Ľĺ
ɫ䣬п಻ôͻȻðôµĴһأʵͲСĶ֡
ȻҲûԴУֲȥЩµӲϾ֮ʵ̫ԵˣֻǱѵš
䣡䣡
һĽ׺֮£׵ɱ׵Ҫǿʮ׵ٶ
ǿһԵֵסһĽ׺
䣡
һţ׵Ļ
ӽӭЩ׵ĹΪԵ׾ٵıķߣֱ壬µ׵֮ǲһ˲ڣŰϮ塣

ʹĲҽţΣǿԵ׵֮ڵ֮УѪ
գ
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뷲ҲоˣΪϲܹ֮ٿ׵֮ˣΨСˣû뵽СȻˡ
ɱ
˷ܵĽţ뷲һͬ͵޻ɱţ֮£ǿǿҵսʶƱԽ׺ݣ޻Ҳƶˡ
ʱʹĴݲУʹ
Ȼʧ
ҲԿԴɸջعǰȻһλֻ꣬ϳɱϢоϤһ˿־ϤС
㣿ɫ
裡СֱһصĶһǶ⣬Ϸצӻݺݵץһ¡

ʹһɶѪܣһĴʹ̵ǣϵƤС˺
Ҹƴˣŭų˲ӵСǰͷСͷŭնȥ
һǿһֻǣС͵ֱ̧۵Լһ
Сľٶܷ
ɽһĻȫˡ
ءһ죡
һо˸ְһ㣬һɿµķ֮ȥСֱȴǺˡ
ǿʵ̫ǿˣܴʵ˲٣ԼȫŭһҲûдôãСһֵסˡ
С͵̧ͷѪ˿ħӣǿ˰Ľɫ˵ˣһ㸶ΪصĴۣ
˵꣬С͵ڳһ֣ǸצһצݺݵĴؿڡ
ӿ־Ķ˳ˣԭΪֻһجΣؿﴫʹȴޱȵʵѪؿй
ޱȵľ
Сޱ飬ǿнؿڵա

˽Уĥʹ֮£ӱ㻯Ϊһ߸ɱʬ壬ȻżȵĿ־塣
ȭСתӵƷǰƷע뼸֮ʹ˵磬Բˡ
С㻯ΪƷ磬Ȼʹ䵽ȥѾоڵκϢˣһĳš
һĻСʹԽܣ޺޵˵磡ģˣһЩһﳥģ
̣СǾ޴壬ǻŭ𣬳ǵǱ߼ٳȥ
˿̣ǻڼҵ˺š
ͻȻǵﾹӿ󲻰еĹƱøӵ裬ơ
ʵѷǣս֮£ѾʧȥȨ
ݣ
һһҲ֪ΪͻȻ˵ı꣬ˡ
ϼͻȻǷһ㣬֮Ӳ乥ΪأĹܵ侲Ӧ
ͬˣҲĪı׺ԵһСģϾ˺ü˿ڡ
ԣҲȥܿ׵ķâ֮Ϊ֮ơ
һ뷲ŭս޻ʣ֮ʱʱнĦǶ޻չ͵Ϯ޻ླ϶ദҲʡ
޻ȭ
޻ŭһΣʹ޼ǿ͵ȭݺݵĳǺȥ
ȣҲ֪޻ȭ˿
ȴûУɫķ˾ǲ㣬ȭͷȫ֮һӭ޻ʵһȭŭ˹ȥ
޻һû뵽˾Ȼǿƣ뷲˵ʵ޻ʵɫ˲ת䣬ŭǿ˼޻ȭĹ
䣡
ֻǿȭͷǿҵĹ⻪һ
ٶ֮䣬˵ȭͷΪ͵һӴĹⲨŤĿռ˹ɾ޴ĳײƾС
䣡
һ죬Ĺ֮У˿Ѫɶ
ͬ޻Ҳǲܣӱ˻ȥĶŷˣû뵽޻ȭ˸ˡ
ţ˹ɭĳֱ޻ʡ
һ̣޻Ŀ־ˡ
Ȼ
ʱ֮䣬óŹףһӴıƽš


1202 ǿ֮
ӴϢƽͻȻ˹ľµĵں˸ţǲһ˫䶢һС
ʲô
֮У˲ɷ׷ͣ֡
˿һױǿдǵսȦ˿ɫصͻɫ춯
ҲоǿµϢƺⲢһ֣һΪĿ׵֮ǷǵѵϢڳıƽš
ǣǾȵǣ֮лʲôˣȻܹٿؼΪԵ׵֮
ȴЦˣϲЦˡ
ģ˸׵еĺ֮£ȻֳһɫӰ
ƽȻǾ߱սĻƽ
Ҳ֪飬ҲǱͻȻֵĻƽסˡӿƶ˾亹
ôⶫ޻ɫͬΪޣ޻ȴڱƽɢò
鷳𣿡ϰƽͲϵãǾ͹ѶԸˣƽǵ˵Ļ鷳ɾʹˡ
Ҳɫأе뷨ʵҲǺһġ
ʱͻȻЦСǳˣ漰ʱ
˹˵úܴг˵֮ɫ
һĻȴǽ޻ǸŲˡ

ɫѾ˾֮⡣
һǡ
Сĳ֣ձüΪѹ֣Я֮ף߰İ٣һɫȻﻺ
Ұı
ޣȷʵǾޣǻƽһ޴Ӱ
Ȼ
ԭϷЦݣڼСѾʧȥϢ֮ʱϵЦݶʱ㽩ӲסˣĿҲô͡
ٶȥСľצϻĻƷ硣ҵƷȻܰĳ˯ţܵκε˺
ġʹҡͷз⣬ȥܡ
ɫ鶯˫Ŀ죬ȭͷʹַŭ
ˣȻˡ
ҲסˣȻ֪λȥƷҪѣȻҲͬ飬Ҳĳʹ
ȴϲ˿־壬һĻѾȷСƷǵĹϵȻҲ뵽˳ٳδлѾС
ԣҲûΪ¶뿪ŭСѾ⵽˲⣬ҲԲưոݡ
ʱСԵúֻܰǰĺܿ£һ˫޴Ѫɫӳ˳ŭľ֮ĽϵϵƷ罵ڵء
Ħ˹ȥ״ʹŭѡ
硭һ͵ķˣҲǻĻۡ
ݺݵеʹĲš˫ۺݺݵıϣ۽Ǳ߻Ǽᡣ
޻ͻȻ˹֪·һˣ뷲ʧ֮УɫһݣҲҪ汳
𣡡
޻ŭһ޴趯һֻֻ絶Ĵ֣ǳʧе뷲ĳɱȥ
뷲Ȼ˹ϧѾˣ޻Ѿ嵽ǵǰµһֻֻѾǡ
ʱǸûκεĻȥӭ޻ʵķŭ
ۼǾҪɥ޻֮ʱ
䣡䣡
һ׿£ԳٰٶȣǿԵĽףֱӺ޻ʵϣһֻֻҲű׺˷顣

޻ʲҽһǽ׵ĺ֮£һƬڣɢŵսζ޻ž־塣
顱һ
޻ص׹ڵأСһɱ
𾪣Ե𾪡
Ȼ˵޻ʵʵҲûôھСĽ׺ȫֿס˲
ǿ֮ǾĿɿڴǰԶеĻҪӿ£״̬С⣬ֻЩԻ
ʱСǱ߱ȥӴ弸ռƬգŭʵЩˣ
ˣ׹
Ҳһ뵽ܿѾСųӦǱǡ˶٣ʣУأ
˵꣬ವһδ֪Ķ㼫
΢һ£뵽ⶫĹŹ֣һֽסǶ
ǣһʱ򣬾ȻһֻѸɱͷ­ͷ­̫Ϥˣȥ֮
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ʹһͬΪʹĸ飬ͬ㣬״ʹ಻ѡ
߬ͷ­ĳСŭ㾹Ȼɱ˶ϣ
ߣⶼҵģСһֺݺݵ˵ȻˣҲãߣ
䣡
һ׺ԤװĿ£ǿĽǡΪ˱ܵο׵Եѷ׷˿
׺䶥Ǽ̻ӽֵ
أأ
ֲĽףǳһ㣬Űš
ƴӭκʵȥס׵ѹˡ
һǸ۵ģСһչž绬ӭǵӶȥ
ɫ䣬ȵҵסɱȥ
͵ģһעڽУȵ񼼣֮У
ݣ
еĳݺݵĺỮȥֳ̼һ޴ĹУǺµĽ׷ŭֱϮȥ
䣡
ǿĽͺ£ȻΪ񼼸˷顣
䣡
ȻһףݺݵĻ
æ𳤽ӭ
ءһ
޴ĳֱ֮ӽ˳ȥ
һ̣ѾûСķߣٵӵСǰͬʱеĳ֮Сıŭն˹ȥ
ݣݣ
ĽâСıϮȥ
Сģ
ھһ
Сƺ˼һɫȻķǵһ
¡¡
ڵһ㣬޴ĽâСıϱըŰ˿һӴĹⲨ
Ҳ÷һ㣬ĻӶеĳһâ಻ϵĶСչҵĹϮ
ౣ
С˻һ޴͵Ϊ׺ĳϮһâ͵ıƵǵǰһ˫ѪɫɭĶס
˴סˣľ£ղſƴĶСչҹϮСıܵκε˺Ҳʵ̫̬˰ɡ
ûСеλľ磬ͱһԼƷԳƵ֮ǿ֮塣


1203 
ǻ׼ȥģȴǶһˡ
˱СôţĪĲҲô᳤ϵһ¶־塣
ȥ
С͵Ļһɨȥƶһɿֲľݺݵɨǡ
ʱ䣬ǷӦ˹ִ֮£ֽųڵȫͷŶĻӡ
䣡
һ죬ЯŽ֮ľɨǸԵֵסֻоǰһɾȫͬɵı˳ȥ
ݡһ
ŭȴ͵˹ֽųıСＱ˹ȥ
С˫һ裬ǲм͵ŭһоһţųе˹ȥ
ɫû뵽СĹƾ֮죬ȥѾǲܵģȫųǽ˺ն˹ȥ
䣡
һҲǰԵȣȻǽŸݻˡҲǲ̫ܣ֮ʹҲܵһĴ̼Ӱ졣
ʱСѾͳ˹
һһâЯŽ֮Ϯ
ɫ䣬ǿڵ֮ʹҲ֮Ӳκηâ֮࣬ٶǼ졣
һʱһâдһѪѪ罦ʹһŵ˳ȥ
ǿǿҲǾ۷ֱؾ۷弶״̬ԶԸƽ
С˫ۼŭűԼɳȥɱչžֱ˹ȥ
ŭһƵС֮ɫĽųǳ嵽Сǰ
ݣݣ
Ľ⣬Сӱ˺ն˹ȥ
С˫һ裬һͻ罵һĽףǱֱȥ
˾һ£֪׵תȥӭǽס
䣡䣡
һܵĽ׺ʹѾƴ֮ҲǱЩ׸ˣǱѡ
СĿѾס͵ּ˹ȥ
֮УСѾǿҵĽ⣬ſµĽ֮޴ӱþһһ㣬ݺݵ
ֱֵСҧһݣһܣ
һ£֮ͻȻֳһɫܣĵǰ
Сᣬ͵ĳ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ӿľСĳ֮Уȴ⵽һɿµķ֮ȻСĽ֮ж˴롣
䣡
һСǱ˻ȥ
ô£Ǿ㵲⣬СȻƻˡ
ߣû뵽ܾȻһһҲԼҲǷǳ𾪣ɫصֽ͵ܿʧѾõ

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ಣಣ
ʱܴҲӵŭС
СŭѣҲеܲ
ΪҪġĴ̽ĶС˵û뵽ȻƵȾ棬Ҳ㣬ܿǺųӵǿɱǿûôס
ΣҪɱǣǾ赲ңС
ɾʹˣɲͽġɫתɫһȵ󣡡
䣬͵Ľܸ׳⣬֮еĳʼ趯
䣡
ռ俪ʼҵ𶯣˵ҫǿҵĹâһɿֲϢӿΧʮռ֮Ϊס
ǿ˾ѣҪȥЭС
Сƺо˴ҵ˼⼸һҶԸɣҵ˾Ϳˡ
ֻܴͷ뵽ֻƷڣ˱Ļš
û˺֮ǣСеɱԽԽǿңХһƺ죬ֱбһ֮ƲһŽֲѹ£ѹеˡ
ʱҲǷ趯еĳľѪΪۣǿڵ
û취״ּ̬ʧȥħȫܵġط٣ǲŻľѪΪǿȻ޷ħ󣬵ȴǿԷһħĿֲ

ǿһڵľѪȻȥ˽룬ҲҪܼʹࡣѾûѡˣǲƴһĻǶС
֮䣬ɻԭƵĵٶȷ׷ݣĴ˷ʯɳԲ֮أѱΪһƬĵء
䣡䣡
СѾԱ޴סǣɭŭţڵ׵֮ӿ
ѤĹâ֮У˹ȵĽΣ趯ųȴǼйһ㣬ϵھѹһδ֪Ŀֲ
ͻȻ
ǾӽǿгͬĶеĳͬŭһ𣡡ƣ
𣡡
һ˵֮죬һɿֲѤĹ⻪֮͵ĳһɫųС
¡¡
һ죬ĳΪֲܱ֮ߵĿռ価ԻΪ˷顣
С޾ɫŭһ޼ѣ
䣡
һ޴Ľ׺Ϯ£߰׹ţŰ֮£֮ƣռ׷ױ׹˺ѣǧ׹⣬͵ĺǺ
ǺҲޱȵǿֱ塣
䣡䣡
Ⱥ׹Ѷ£Ǻϡһһһһ£Ȼ˺
׹ѵĴݻʼԽԽСҲ𽥵ļ
𣡡
ƺʹ˻ţȻһ㣬һ׹ϮȻƵСǰ
䣡
͵СĽը˿˲串סеһУƬռƺΪһƬУ⻪ס硣
һ̣Ҳƴӭעȫ֮
СУоʹ࣬Ʒ˳ȥ
ֱá
һУڵõƽϢ
ɼ֮½ɵȡ
ҲڽѰһղǹĳʵֲ̫ˣǵľˡ
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һչȥǺСǵӰ
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顫
Զһ죬һϤͻȻѵĵлĳӣһλ۵꣬һͷĽɫ̷ȴ˵ҫۡ
С
ǼĽе
ûǰλ꣬ǻΪ״̬֮СˡǾȫʧȥӰҲ֪


1204 
ţ밬ȥСء
С㻹𣿡ɫǵʡ
û£ֻʱʧȥЩѣһˣȻôᡭС˵ţתͷɵڵصɫʹ
ģЩ쵰ݺݵҲɫʹ࣬ȥѾ޷ˡ
Ҳ˵Щʱˣȿľɡֲ̾Ϣһ
ãû¡ͻȻ˵бһ⣬עƷڣڵˮ֮żǿ
˲ɽԡеƷ磬ǲѡ
ƷһƺʶЩңȻԺ˫ۣһϤЦԼ
ǡƷɻ󲻽⣬һۣĿ䵽Сϵʱ򣬱㲻ɼĽеСôˣ
ѾˡСͷ
ܼʵ̫ˣһֱܵءƷϲЦ
Сֻǿ¶һЦݣʵǺܿģҲƷϲ֮ɫ
ɣƷɫһʣôʲôˣˣЩأ
֪ǶѾˣˣҲѾˡСص
Ʒһ󣬱㻺ĳӣһɫʣⲻǺܺôǡ
ԲС˵ţ㴹ͷҲһȻ
Ʒвһ£Ҳǻ˿Ʒ綨һԼǰĲԶ֮ȻɵһϤľӰ
磡Ʒɫͣæֱ˹ͨһڵأŭĽе˭˭ɱ磡
Ķʱ˻ԣΪ˱ԲŻǼһһԲ𡭡Сʹ˵
Ʒ˫һ죬ʹ޵ĽеЩϼһʬҾԲŹЩ϶
ɫȻֻȭͷյúܽ
ʹ֮УƷͻȻ뵽ʲôһͻȻ˼ʵˣһжã
ãҲǸոЩʧ֮ġĦ˵
ǾоˣƷͻȻϲЦǲ֪ˣܻΪƷˡ
а취ֵܣ˫һ
ֻҪûգҾа취磡Ʒæͷ𸮲ռ֮ڣ廹ڵĻܵõ
ģ˼ѡ
Ʒ˵ͷбԳ𸮣Ȼһ⣬ֱӽȥС
ţƷֲɶ˵ȻҲ֪ڵ׷ʲô£ҲΪЩһѾˡǵҲСʱǵúúǿʵԷһ˶٣Ʒ˵λǰʱ鷳չ˺ҵˣʱ񶼡
Ҳá΢΢ͷЦǺǣλѣ˸ǽܣˣҲƷѣԺλѾ񶼰ɡ
ǱȥĴǾô𣿡СͻȻʵ
³б䣬֮سĻ֮ܶһвʮǶûκμֵˣολҲˣҪǾǿǵʵΪ񶼺ܻܿ⵽ǵı
Ǿֱȥǣŭɫ˵
˲صôǶûҵǵܵأ̸ףҵǣ״̬ҲһܹԸǡƷΰ˵ֺγǺɱЩ
˵ǻ񶼰ɡ˵Ҳ顣
ţƷֶ˵ǰǾͰˣһᾡϻȥ
˵꣬ƷС
𸮵ǿ֪ԴҲԷˣֻǵˣϣƷ˵ܹȻ
˱ǣֱеķȥ

İĶ֮У淺ŵĹ⣬ʶһȺӰ
⴦󣬶ݺᣬ֮˲٣٣Ű·Ρ
Ҳܵ㡣
ʱһ֮Уڻָڵơ
ûСƴ֮УѽˣǻܵشǸ˽ľѪۣʱԻָ״̬ˡ
ͣ
֮УͻȻһѪ
ϣһ˹
û°ɣæʡ
һְؿڣ˫۷⣬˵󣡾ȻҪҵɱ˶ϣҾԲŹǵģ
Ϣŭҡͷ̾ʧȥ˶ϣԺҪԸƷǾûôˡ
ߣʵʲ£һָʵҪˣߵŭѣǻƽĿ£¡
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˵ñǻءص
Ļһвٵܣȥɡ˵
ϣʵںܲףĻһﱾŲѾõ񱦲صĵͼ˵Ѿûüֵˣǲ罫˳ȥû»һɫ˵
ƷǵʵѾԶԶǵҪԸǣЩĻ˻֣˵߰ɡ
Ҳֻ˳˼ˡ
Ǳ뿪˶ңһ֮С
⴦ҲڽΪɭĵطҶ֮⻹вʵ׵λأԸӦ˵⴦ҾһΡ
ˣ
ʯųĴ򿪣淺ŵĹ⣬ϡĿһŵζ
ɼĻһ׳ţЩӡһ󣬲ĻĻԻָڵ
ʱĻ꣬ͷɢۣǱѣһϢʱʱĻþˣھһλͨλһӸɵĻꡣ
ǺǣĻһЦĻĻ˫ۣѾվԼǰ
Ѿõ񱦲صĵͼѵλҪҵ𣿡Ļ국ʵƺѾ͸ˡ
ˣǲ˼ҡͷЦЦʣѵĻͲȥԸƷ𣿡
Ǻ޲ýˣĻ޺޵˵
ǺɣЦ
ڲһ˶ѣλʵ̫ˡĻص
ҿû뷨ҲֻкȥԸƷǣѵĻʹ˰𣿡˵
ǲܵģĻʵ˵ɣҪô
˫ۣհЦǺǣҲܼ򵥣ĻܹǷһܵĻǵĺͻ˳
Ļ֪Ļ֮⣬ȴʵ֪лжλ
ΪҪ
ҪԸƷǣһЩˡĻص
Ļ꣡⻰ʲô˼ֻһѣŭ
Ǻǣ峤ûȤˣҲգȻҸɴʹʹˡĻ국ȻһЦ
ֵס壬Ļ˵Ļ֪вٲΪ֪ܣֻҪܽǶܡ
ĻЦˣЦ˵Ĵ̶


1205 Ĵ
ʱռС
ƷѾڲռУ˫ȭĶ
ǣȴʱ޸ļ
ô£ѵ𣿡Ʒ罹ѣڲռƷͲ֪ȥƿأֻϢ岻٣֮ڶɵõ
Ʒܲģֵȴãɲռһ㷴ӦûУһĳš
硭ƷѾϢƷھΣǳʹѵռͲ߱˸
ܵģҾţƷԵЩĴš
ȻһϤС
Ʒ£תЦ㵵ʵǰôˣ
ǺǣΪҸоСһЩ鷳Ծ͹ˡЦЦɵڵȥ˵еɣȻҲǺϲ֪Ǿϵģλѵõѡ
ҵĺô硣Ʒ˵ͷͻȻ뵽ʲôʵˣǰǲа취Ҵ磡
ԲСҲⲻռȴ˸ص
ôȴһ㸴ļûУƷһʹ˵
ԭȥ˸ⱾУʹǲռҲһÿһȥ˶ĵõҲûˣҲ˵ı⣬ԱҪ۵ġĳ˵Ըоƺᡣ
ҪҸʲôֻۣҪܾȻ磬ҾԲƷɫᶨ˵
С壬ǶǷǳ͵ġСҪȻ磬ܻܿήľ磬֮Եõָһɫ˵
ȥ˿ɾ޷ˣԸ⣡ƷԥĻص
ǺǣСʱȻһ˵ǺܳڻϾ⣬˻СЩʱ𣿡ΰЦЦ
ԼƷֵԵúִܹӡ
ˡͻȻԹһЦǺǣСʵҪ粢Ҫȥۣҵиʵѡ
˭Ʒ缴ʡ
ĺӣСص
СôԲСƷҡͷ
ǺǣС˵ЦЦһ˵С츳ȻڵʵҲ㲻ʮ֮Уħ˵ĻϰѾӰ쵽ʣԺĳɳСȥĻСһ¿ʼǶкôġ
¿ʼǲҪһˣƷ˵
ǺǣСڲϣСǣɣȻҲὫСǣС츳ʱռǵָܹСЩ鷳֮ǰñǰǿЦ
Ʒ˼ãǲƭԼģҲ˵úе
ãƷСһΪˣһʱԽܣҲܲƽԼɡ
˵꣬һϤ㴫ƷĶߣˣףԸ⡣
ţͻȻƾն֣վƷǰлżּϲ֮ɫ
ǰƷȻ
Ǻǣʵˣⲻá΢΢һЦ
סǰ⣬ΰȥƷ磬˵ףʮһֱһֱ֪ܲ˶ҪףܹܹĻᡣ
СƷҲ⣬ԼĺѾˣҲˣƷ籶οƷֺۣһɬ˵СҪΪܻܿһˣ˵ʵ̫ƽˡ
ףңһλǰУҵҾԻᳬԽڵԼĵ˵
ʵСԸҲһģҪȥʲôѣԲ䣬ںܿСһˣСҲһܹվ˵
ˣѾá
ȻƷЦˣǰصĴļϣοЦСǳˣĺܿģһξͰˡ
Һܿģܹףһǿһֱҵ롣ҸЦݡ
ƷͷɻͷʵǰСô
ֻҪСԼռȻЧˡص
ףҰɡЦ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ
ţ첽ߵǰڵǿҵĹâ˫۽ʬ塣
Ʒɫ΢΢鶯ʵڵĻƷҲǾԲģΪⱾǺܲƽġ
룬ʮõһҪһˣɲǳܳܵľѹ
ʱͻȻ֪ʱվƷЦǺǣССѡһǶԵģԺҲúտСġ
֪ΪĺӡƷм
ϣڵעڡ
Ȼע֮£ڲռͻȻһһδ֪Ʒ绹ȫδĥ͸
Ȼ㻷ϡ
͵ģһǿҵİ׹˲סռ䡣

ް˻ţڵһδ֪ǿг˳ڣҲǷǳʹġ
СƷ缱һ
û£ֻǻľеڵһֻˣҪڼ尾вܹõԡ˵
ʹ࣬Ҳûɿ֡ĸоԼڵڷٵʧţʧɶԼϰ
ȻŲᣬҲԲȥΪãԼʧȥһ¶ġ
ʱذ׹ϴ֮£Ҳ̶õ˿ڿʼ޸ţԭѾʧȥϢҲ˻ָļ
ĿԣƷ缤ѣѾĸоڿٵĻָš
Ȼ֮䣬ǿҵİ׹ⱬȻ˲ˡ
ֻ֮УɵӰҲΪ״̬ƺڳ˯ţϲڵϢƽ͵š
ಣ
Ʒ˲ӵǰֱʹĶº͵˵Слл㣬ܿˡ
ʮҷ˲ٵĴ£ϣܹõ׵ԭ¡˵ɫԵЩ԰ס
ҵĴƷ˸⣬ҡͷ֮עڣɫҲ𽥺ࡣ
Ʒ羪ϲǣȻȥеɹȫʧȥ֮ǰڸҲͨˣҲ˵ܹԶڳˣҲֵˡ


1206 ȶŮ
ĻָʶȻ󻺻˫ۣƷЦԼ
磬оΣƷЦʡ
ҡҼǵҲѾ𣿡󲻽⣬ЩӦͷӡ
С㡣Ʒص
Сһ㶣ɫԵЩԾæʣô£Сô
û£㾡ܷġЦǺǵ˵ҲԵΪġ
Сܺãֻʱ˲ٵڵ״̬ǺܺãֻҪúϢûˡƷ˵
ллмѣǸȴסˡ
Цҵĳҿܲ𰡡
ⲻȥҡҡͷӲǶһȻƷʵˣƷֵܣҿû˵˵Ͳٸˡ
Ǻǣǲռ䣬˸¸ƷЦ
ռ䣿£㶵˵Ҳ̫ˣԺɲˣ
Ҳô˵ⲻռ仹мƵġƷ˵֪Ϊ˾ȥɹֲˡ
ˡͻȻʵףĸأⲻռӦҲܹĸ׸ɣ
ƷԳ飬ԼԼλ˵֮屻Ȼʹĥ
Ȼռܹλ˸ĻƷǻḶصĴۣƷҲԲ
ô˵Ļƺ뵽ˣȻƷ磬Ҫһμѵѡ
ռǲЧͻȻ˵
ûЧƷɫһֱͣͻȻˮĸоʣǰʲô˼ѵռҲ޷˿𣿡
Ȼǵãǵ֮Ѿ壬Ѿã򵥵˵Ѿ˺ܾˣԲռ˵Чġһɫ˵
ЧˡƷ絶˫Ȼԭϣһ˲ˡ
ǺǣȻռѾЧˣǵڣȴбİ취ܹǡЦ
ʲô취Ʒ罹ѡ
壬򵥵˵ͽǵͻǵڡص
ҪʲôƷʡ
ȿɡƷϵ˵
漴ƷСĽ˹ȥ
ӹĥãҲúܽţֻɫԵԽӵأƺ򵥡
Ʒ罹ǣ̲סʣǰΣ
ȸɣ˵
ƷȻܵǣҲûʣ޸ռС
ʱ޸ռУ˿ڴ˴
Ʒ磡˿һƷϲ˹ɫǵʣҶðɣ
û£ˡƷص
Ǿͺá˿Ƿˣһ۲Զ˯еĿѩ˿̾λ㻹ӡ
صģѾа취ˡƷЦĿȴһֱϣΪһֱĬĺࡣ
ģ˿ϲɫ
Ʒ˵ͷʵǰʲô⣬ڿ˵˰ɣ
ûֱӻشֻǽð׻ϸĿ˼ۡ
Ȼ׻֮ɫҲǺܺÿüͷ
ƷɼˣʵǰҪʲôҾԻΪĲܷ˿ΣһҪǡ
Сǲ˼Ǻܼ֡ҡҡͷص
Ǻܼ֣ҲһԡƷ缴
ҪҵҲһҪĸǡ岻ݴǰӸ˵
̾Ϣһŭɫ˵ĻǼһֶʵ̫ˣżħǱ꼫ΪĴʱܻΣաλҪΪ׽˽份ħǿóȻĻΣգܱħɡ
ɫأҲѹǻ˵ˣȷʵǱżв
Ʒݺݵսȭͷ˵ǲܽħǵӦÿ԰쵽ġ
ǿԣǵ걻̫࣬ħʱҲкܴĿܴǵ꣬ǸĻ͸ãˣҲֵĵط̾
ҵĻ꾳ΪܱǡƷ
ΪĻ꾳ΪǿԾ͸Ѱˡ׻ͻȻ˵
ĲҲ𣿡ƷԵúܲʡ
С壬˵Ѿɥʧ˲ٵļ䣬ѾϵˡħĥǵųʶĻ꾳̫ǿǸӾ㡣ΰ˵
Ǿûİ취𣿡Ʒʹ಻ѡ
Уðա
ðҲһԣƷһ⡣
Ƕ˽СԶһЩҪԵñ㡣΢΢ͷһ˵ǿԲ»ܹʱѹħ̵ʱСҪǵ껽Ҫһ㣬Ļ뱣ͬȵ״̬Ϊ鱾ĳͺ
һֻһΣʧܵĻǵСܱסСҪ˼С׻ɫصĸ˵
ֻҪһ˿ϣҾԲƷԥĻص
Ʒ硭˿һĵ֮ɫ
ңҾԿԵġƷ˵
ҲҪȥͻȻ˵
һ㶣
Сںܴ²ġƷԵЩá
ףҲĸ׽ˣڵʶҲܴܰס̬ȼΪ˵
ԣҾԲӦ㣡ƷȻܾ
СС˵ûһͬȥĻܻȽϴ󣬱ϾҲСĸס˫һ
ɻ˿棬СѾûӡˡƷصʵƷﵣĵʧܵĻԼĺҲɥ
ǺǣǶͬһطͬĥȻǵʶܴǱ˴˼ΪΣǵĹƵҪڿȵϣܹĻȻȻѩ˿Ҳġ΢΢һЦ
Ʒ˼ãصǺðɡ
²˳٣ǾͿʼɡص
ţ˱㻺ߵ˿ѩ˿Ľ֮ƣΧ˿ǵߡ
Ʒһۣ˴˼˹ȥ
һΣҲǸĵһιͬսҲΣյһս


1207 
ʼˣ
ӳͷ
𣡡һ֮˳ѩ˿ϰŲĲʹ⣬Ư
֮ϳȼǿҵâ
׻֮
֮
ȸ֮
׻˽ҫ˸ɫǿ⣬ռгĹǿ֮
ϣ
ͬһȣڵ̼ڿѩ˿ϣǾǱһʯһ㣬ڹ⻪֮С
ʱ˸źڹ黺Ʈм֮ԭɢħڻܵ˼ƣѹסˡ
ţƷԺбټܹʱǣʱޣһҪ컽ǵ꣬ʵڲеĻǵ̻ȻǶΪˣ
סƷӦ㽫֮˳˻У档
һ߽ȥƷǱһ޾ĺڰռУĸоΧſµħͬһֻֻħצڳƷǷţƴҪѻѹơ
ʵƷĻͲȥЩħȥЩħðȻȥͻĻǾͺܿܽˡ
û뵽ǣԭСС飬澡һټĿռ䣬Ĵѭûмǵ֮塣
ףô죿ʡ
ңƷɫһѰһȥ
ҲκεĳɣĸƷ롣
ƷȻʹûȥӲЩħƷȴǿԸоħΪǿʢĵطҲͺܻܿǿǵڡ
ԣƷħǿʢĵطȥ
ܿ죬ѾƽħԴͷˣΧħҲøӵǿʢЩѹƲסˡ
ƷнѣҲֻܶһˡ
ڣǰ˲֮ƷǱ㾪ϲĿԶֳϤӰ
ûǿѩ˿塣
ڵĿǿǴ״̬ǵ廹ڼΪĴֵţΧħʱɼ˺
ȣ˿Ʒһһͬӽ˹ȥ
ಣ
Ʒ˿˵ϲѣҵǵˡ
ǣǼƷǵʱ򣬱㼫ǿ־Ĵһܵ˼ȵľһ㣬˱ıһţŲϵŲӡ
ȣ˿ңƷ磡ǳȥˣƷеλģ۲ѡ
ҲһĳʹеλϤＫܡ
ϧƷĺڿ˵ûκεЧԵԽӵĿ־岻ӣ
λǲǿȵģֻпԸع飬ǵ֮ط
ĸף˿̣ңСѾˣǲǵ𣿡ʹĵĽеǴ֮壬ʼĽӽſǣлЩ⡣
𡭡ȾֵĴһ
ĸףңĺӣСĵĽе
ƷͻȻĻſ˵ȣСǵĺӣҺСǳȥġ

ɫĽţıѩ˿Ҫһš
ƷǿʹѣȻ׽˶ˣɵóܶʹడ
ͨ
Ĺ˵ĸףСʮˣѾ뿪ʮˣ֪֪ʮҹжôʹ࣬ΪĸǶѾˡڣڼĸȴ˺ĺʹ
ǿնӽƺżּ¶˵εģȴļڿȵۡ
ģ̧֣ţĽӽ촽鶯ţƺҪ˵ʲôȴֿ˿ڣвã
ȡƷỽһԵΪļ
ˣͲһˡ
Ȼ
һ
ռ͵һ󣬿ֲħƺҪˡ
ԭҪӽˣȴΪͻȻħھˡ
Ʒ罹ѣæȣ˿죡ٲȥͳˣ
źǣܵĥʵ̫ˣǴ꣬ħűµη壬ζƷǻҪʧˡ
ʱ֣ص˹С죡ʱѾˣǿˣǾͿԶˣ

Ʒʹ಻ʵĽţѾʱƷʹ˷ִĽеȣˣǳȥɣ
ĸסʹš
ϧǣʵ̫£ƷǵĺƺȫȻţǿ־ľһš
С죡ˣȻǾҪǻҷˣĴߴš
ƷȭͷǰԶλˣôܾʹ˸ġ
䣡
һ죬ռζĸˡ
Ȼ
ħһĶħһ㣬ǿг˻ƣŰ
ˣ
µħѾŵĽǶסˡ
ĸףɡʹţʼԽԽϾ˿֮ʵ̫ˣħıѹ֮Ѿܵ˼ĳ
һ̣Ѿ޷ٻˡ
Ʒ˫һ裬Ȼӿħ֮С
ɣƷһƺħ
䣡
͵ħҲƺƷŭˣȻƷѹ˹ȥ
ȻƷ粻ҷǷĻͻ顣ƷĻҲ̫ǿ̫ǿĻҲܲ
˵Ļֶʵ̫ˣⲻӲҪ˱ƽ·
ţӴħĳƷ֮壬Ʒ֮Ͳκεķǿȶҡ

Ʒʹ˻ţôħϮҪƷ֮˺ѡ
ǣƷȻûзһ֮еħҵĲţƷ绹ǿʹĴϮĿܾĿǣȻЦȣ˿ҴӦǣʲôΣգҪҵҲԲǡ
һħһ㣬ǵݺݵĴһ¡
Ʒ硭Ůв˵һ
ΪѵĳӣΪƷѾסеħҲѹ
Լĸżʹ࣬ʹĽеס
졭һҪĸǾȳȥƷ˵
ʹĵͷͷǣĸף˿̣ˣɡ
ʱ򣬿⡣
ȻЦˡ
ģڰ֮УͻȻ˲ħһصİ׹ɴĻĽٶ£˿ǵСڰĻ֮Уԭ֮徹Ȼ𽥵ǿš
͵ģڿǵУһ貶Ŀİâ̼ռ䣬סеһС
â֮УڴеƷȻоޱȵ̹Ҳúܰƺǵõ˽һ㣬һǣ£ǵ֮徹ȻһطƮȥ
Ǹط֪᲻ã


1208 ž
ž
龹Ȼ˿ΪһƬĩ
СŴӻ˳ȫһ
ʱƷҲ˵ϣ뿨һͬϢ
Ʒ硫˿ɫͣƺ뵽ʲô͵ĳ˹ȥ
һҲ˹ȥ
Ҳ˵İŰɡ̾ϢһԿҲʹѾȥƷˡ
ƷǵôˣΪʲô˿ʹּĽʵ
ʧˣǶزˡȻ
زˡ
һ׻ͬһѼ⵶ݺݵĴһ˿ֽôȥܣ
ⲻģһƭҵģ𣿡˿дżϣ״εĶ˵
ģԲΪˡʹҡҡͷȻƷദ࣬ҲľƷΪ
⻰˿˱һָƷǿɫݣֱӵƷĶͷϣʹ˵Ʒ磬ƭңӦġ

ͻȻһ̵Ȼ΢ȴըװ쳹˵ԺС
Ȼ˲˼һĻˣȾȻ˫ۣʶЩҵĿʼţҡ
ҵͷôôʹô£ѩ˿Ҳֹ˹
ô
˾֣ѾȫɵסˣŰĶѹ֮Ŀѩ˿˵鱻٣ǵҲűˣͲܻġ
ףһ͵
Ȳѣ㳯ʵС⵽ô£ǲʧ𣿡
Ҳ֪Ҿ͸оǰһ׹⣬Ҿ˹ȥڣȻˡص
׹⣿󲻽⡣
ʱѩ˿ʶѾָˣվһЩİˡĿռǸеϤ¾ͻˣ
ҲÿǺɻ
ĸף˿̣ɫ˿ǵǰ
ĸף̣
ѩ˿סˣȻǰżϤӡƺ޼λ׳ꡣ
ˣֽеСС
ʲôС
ԵüΪĳԾϸϸżϤЦݣȻ㾪㵵ĵɴ˫ۡ
ССѩ˿ŰʵӡеҲǸͯѣһλζг׳ꡣ
û˵ѣСȼ⣬Ѫôоأ
ĸףһǺʱıסԼĸףʮˣܹͶĸĻ
С㳤ˣĳˡоһܳһ㣬ѹ֮Ѿ˵ĺӡ
ѩ˿סˣȻоԼǳ˯˺ܾãѽǰһĻ
ţѩ˿ѭȥһλżϤòŮƺڻеƷ磬Ʒ磡
һֱĸŮеĿ˹
£ǱΧƷߣǲѡ
С㸸׷ʲôˣȼȵʵ
Ϊ˾ǣԡԡɫʹ࣬Ѿ˵ȥˡ
ģ㸸û¡ǰڿ˹֮ǱѲƷڵ״
Ҹôûѹʡ
ѩ˿Ȼ֪ʲôƷԲѵӣֵǡ
Ǻǣȥ̫Ļ޴󰭣ֻҪúϢûˡЦǿɿˡ
ôΪҪǣĳ˯˺ܾ𣿡ѩ˿ʵ˭ҲһʱԽܡ
ĻѾʮˡ˿̧ͷŶŮЦ
ʮꣿѩ˿㵲ѡ
ѩ˿ܸо˿ЩϤοԼ֮˵ܣʵǣ
λãǰ˿ƷӦ˵ɡ˿ѺõЦƷް˿Ҳá
˿ǰ˿ԵúܾȣȻѾ˿ʮˣڰ˿ƷҲ֡
ʮ꣬ʮ굽׷ʲô£ѩ˿ʵ
ʮʵ̫ˣҸطϸĸǰɡ˿˵
Ʒ۵ĴƷĿ
λ˲صģСչ˱ɣСҲܱšЦ
Ȼ񶼰ɡ˿ЦЦǰӦÿԿ𸮰ɣ
𸮵һЩҲǿԵġص
Ǿ鷳ˡ˿
漴Ǳ𸮣ֱǰ񶼵ķȥ

Ҳ֪׹ȥ˶೤ʱ䡣
Ʒ֮壬ƺһ޾ĺڿС
һжǴ޵ġ
ƷããںڰƯš
һЩϤڲϵĺƷ磬ЩƷеУƷ籾µȥӽš
ͻȻһ۵İ׹ƷУƷ˫۸еʹĻ˫ۡ
ҡôƷ󲻽⣬˼Ȼһ
ƷȴȻԼȻһʵ޴ϣҿһܰķΧһˡ
ɻƷ绺뿪޴ȥ
ߵ棬ůƷϣƷ籶ģо˯һһ㡣
棬һԺ䡣
ôƷɻѣΧȻûڣԼڵķ䲻Զовٵˡ
ƷǴȥ
ģƷߵ˴⣬̤룬ͻȻһϤһˣƷ˵ġ
һͻ˵ģĻҾһϤص
Ʒ£ɫ͵һ£ϲѣⲻǿѩ˿ǲ˵ǶѾûˣ
顱һ
ƷͻȻŶ룬һȺˣһϤЦžϲƷ硣
Ʒ磡
Ӱֱ˹
ȣ˿̫ˣҲΰɣƷϲ
ߣһﻹ˼˵Ϊβأѩ˿ĺߵȴռϲõЦݡ
ԲƷ磬ΪǶܿˡ
ίˡƷһǸ⣬չ˫֣סŮůůҸ֮С
ȿȣ˵ƷСѣⲻǰǴҶ˰ɣЦǺǵ˵
ѭȥƷЦԼڴﻹϤˣֺǺǵЦԼƷĺܸжЩһֱԼѡ


1209 
ȻЩźžˡ
ΪƷ֮ǰĵط壬ٰ֮һֵʢ硣ĻԴ⵽Ʒľܾ֮ƷȥʱҲ뿪ˣҲƷ統ˡ
ʢ֮ƷŮһҹ̸ʮƷ̤ʵһ
ŮദҲǲ˴Խơ
˺Ҳڰжȹƽ˵ҸڡҲȻûֹͣϾ֮õ˲ٵܹʵ١
Ȼڵӹṳ́ʵƷɲôΪԲѾˣֻҪûмǵʬ壬ƷͲܰġ
ԣƷصȥݷϳߡ
İĶУھţԴӵõƷһЩ֮ǵҪǰ࣬ϵҲȫָˣǿǷǳмƷ硣
ǰƷ
ǱĴ˹Ʒ絽ϲɫ
ǺǣƷСѣôˣֺǺǵʵ
пգݷã֪λǰոоΣƷЦ
Сѣɶ㴫ǵĹްʵء˵˸мܹԸ⽫ڸˣɲÿ˶Ըġ
ǰǱУͻ񾳽ϡЦ
ǰ츳ˣձ̤֮Ʒ繧ά
ˣСѣǰǲֹݷǰɣϵ
ʮѾûκˣĻЩһҵһֱģ񱦲ؿ֮ҲܲԶˣ뵽ʱһ֡Ʒһɫ˵Ｗź⡣
СˣЩһѾˣҪǸҳֵĻⲻÿ˽ǡ˵
ĻһﲻСӡ񱦲طǾǻҪȥģֵ񶼵İȫԴоҺҵǰȥͿˡƷҡҡͷǻᣬ˶ֵȻҵ˼˵λǰ
С˼֪Ϊ룬Ǳ񱦲زȤʱǻ񶼡ϴƷĻϵЦ⡣
ллǰ⡣Ʒ繰ֵƷȻҪϵİ뵽ĻЩһֶգ»ᵽʱ񶼲ƷҲԼһͬȥðա
Ʒǽ̸һЩ֮ƷҲڴǵľޣ˸룬񱦲δ֮ǰƷҲúǿʵ

ʱ䣬Ĺȥ
񱦲ؿӣƷҲ֪֮ԭʮʵ˵Ѿˣʣµλ߸ǲҵ
ƷȻúõˣδƷ㲻ܰģǽʱռУųõĿޡ
ҲԺΪƷ׸Ҳ֮УԺǼȹ
ȷʵǿʵİ취ҲвٵĸӰ죬֮ҪʱУſȶ
ʱռĳУƷСȽΪ֮⣬˵ĽȵǷǳɹۡ
ʮ֪꣬ʱռ˽ʮʱ䡣
ʮ֮УƷ˲ٵĽǣһֽӽ˲٣СҲȶ˾λľ磬ǶκһˣСܹȲʤȯ
ǣҲ˼Եͻơ
ڣƷѾȶλľ磬ӽڰλ֮󣬶ϰλҲܡ
ҲڴλͻƵλʵħ֮󣬿ֱӴﵽλʵ
˺ǽ֡ĦϳаɹͻƵλʵʮλԱҲﵽλϼľ硣
Ů֮У԰˿ʵǿﵽλľ硣ѩ˿Ͼ˷ʮȻ˲ٵ񣬵Ҳﵽλľ磬ѾǺֲܿˡ
ֻǣźǣʮУȴǺ޽չȻڰλľ磬ȴȫھλ
ԣ˵Ҷ˲ٵʵǣõҲյĲˣڼȥҲ޶ĽǣҪһġ
ˣƷǾأȴ񱦲ؿ֮յĵ
ĻƷʱռ֮УҲ¡
ĻһжҪ¿ʼȻڱչǵľָҲ˼ĽչԾ˵츳ĻҲﵽλľ硣
֮ƷǱ壬ȴйЩʱҲƷΪֵʱ⡣
ֱֹһ¡
䣡
һͻľ죬е֮ضˡ
ԭʵգ̼ܲ磬ƷһɿֲϢ֮УӵӻҲ⡣
ǡ
˾㵲ѣھеҲ׷׳ء
УһƬ֣̿ɫ󣬿ֲϢѹ˾ֲѣ׷׶˷ҲһЩ̧ͷš
䣡
һ죬һεƺϣԭӻ񶼣ĳ֮£񶼱㱩¶֮С
ಣಣ
һӰڿգƷϿ֮ӶıʵߣɫصĳϿ֮
û뵽Ȼǵ֮󣬱һͬʩ³
ʱƷһ˹ȥ
Ʒ糯ʵǰô
Сѣ˸㣬ʵ˵񱦲ؿ֮ҲΪ񱦲׼ʱؼһµ춯ܵصӰ죬Ϊʱ򣬵֮ԻܸĻǼһҲΪ񱦲ؿ֮ո˼Ӱ졣ɫص˵
ô˵ƷȻ
û񱦲Ѿ׼Ҫˣǿ뿪㹻ˡ˵
˵ûĻδĻɲǽȵˡ֣ص˵
סƷͷ²˳٣ƷҲټԥˡ
˴һУƷҲ̫ԼһͬȥðաƷÿĦһ˶񶼣Է⡣
ԣ֮ȥƷֻСͬ˶߱λϵʵĻҲӦ
¡¡
׹֮ضз׷ѣɳ찵أĴɼȺֻӡ
ʵÿһε񱦲ؿ֮գ˵һѡ
ʱ⼸Ϊڰ֮У֮صļ֮һҫ۵ĲɫâԶĲɫâ֮ĸоһɼΪֲ
֮ƷնңżԶĲʹ֮ء
Ʒһ
ţ˱㻯һ⣬ǲʹ֮ؼȥ


1210 񱦲ؿ
䣡
죬ľޣƲзţţһεľڳͷһ㣬ŰŴء
֮УһƬ֮ԭЩλڵʱǿԵõһıӻ֮ǲƲǵλҪˣܵסЩؼѹ
Щ˵Ʒ޹ˣҲûôΰ
񱦲صĵͼĻҲһݣĻûĻǾԲĻȽ񱦲ؿռ䣬ȻĻǾľһˡ
֪񱦲һǰ͹֮ġĲ֮ͬô񣬱ɼ̳
ಣ
Ʒ˼ٷУȻԶǵٶȣ̶̶ʮӵʱ䣬ڸϵ˲ʹ֮Դ
ɫ֮Դǿ֮ʹǿʢޱȣ̺һδ֪µƷ綼ʹû̽ӣСǾ͸˵
ʹ鲼ķΧܴ֮ڣﶼݡ
⴦طҲƷΪϤĵطɳĮأҲѹһݲĻĮˣԭﾹ񱦲֮أɳĮҲˡ
ʱƷնֻʹȥѭΧƬôҲ֪񱦲صڻʧȥ˻̽Ǿ͸Ϊˡ
ڿ죿ͻȻʵ
ʱ䲻࣬ǵñ뾡ҵڡƷһࡣ
ôǸôңС˵
̣Ʒбֳ񱦲صĵͼϸĲ쿴˼Ȼ˵ݵͼ֪ڱ㲻ңֻҪҵԴǿĵطǱˡ
Դǿĵط£Ƭ򶼴ڹԴķΧ
ӦܸоҡƷ˵Ȼ̽ӣƷĸ֪ȴǺǿؼκΪ֪
ǶƷƷ磬ǲʹгȥ
ò˵ʹ֮УżƣƷǰ֮ʱڵȥʹһϡ
Ҳʵ̫̬ˣƾҵ񱦲صڵ㣬żƣǵ񱦲棬ֻж£
ңƷǵʵڲʹеαѹҲɵĵסǼµλ¾̤ˣɲһ˾ܽȥġ
Ųϵ룬εѹҲԽԽǿƷҲٴͷų˼ɫصǰš
ƷԵú侲ƾĸ֪Ѿ˹Դǿ֮ء
˲ãƷͻȻ˵죡͵ˣ
΢΢ͷƷ磬ӿ˷еٶȣ֮ȥ
ҲǿҪƽԴǿ֮أΧĲʹԽԽǿǴۣΧһʧС
ڣƷǳ˲ãԶʹֳһĲʹǴͷųġ
ˣƷ¶ϲЦݡ
ǼҲϲɫ
ˣһ⣬ĻûĻǷ˽񱦲صĻᣬѡȥַ񶼵ĻﲻǻΣգͻȻһ֣ص˵
Һ˽ЩˣЩһʵ̫̰ˣǾԲŹζĻᡣǾԻοҲҵķ壬б䣬ҲӦƷЦǺǣ²˳٣ǸϽȽȥɡ
΢΢ͷ
̣ƷǱһһ֮С
ֻǣƷǽ벻֮ȵӰֶ
ҵˣˡЦⲻĻꡣ
Ļ֮⣬һЩĲ£߱λϵʵȻҲԳʹ򵽴ˡ
ߣҲ֪ƷЩһûһߵ
ڻûǣǾ˵ˡĻЦ
Ļ꣬˵û㣬ǵ֮ЭȻĻ˵ǵõܻܲŶһ⣡ľ
ģҾԲΥ֮ЭĻǿɾ͵ùƽˡĻһհӡ
Ǿͱˡݺݵ˦֣漴ǲʹ֮С
Ļں棬ЦǺǣѾǹˣ飬ǵʱɾͱҲ̣
˵꣬Ļ֮С
󣬹˲ãʧԭĲʹɢ㰲ˣ֮Ҳص˰˸е¡
УһԭȥҲʼ޸
Ȼ޸֮УһĺӰûС
ãһж˳˿ʵĻ⣬Ͼ֧ʱ˲ٵҲΪĻгÿɻ
ǰǶˡϸ̾޸оʲô춯
ɸ˵꣬һ˵ĶлǺǣźǣȷʵҪˡ

ɫ䣬ѭȥԶѾżӰΪ֮ˣϤˣĳϣס
׵󣬸λĿĺˣλ˵ɢϢ
ף
ɫ䣬˱㾯
£ǱŽǸΧ
ףôĵӣȻҴŭ
ĻԣΪξͲأ׵һЦ˵ʱΪʱɡ
ߣĻĹưɣɫǲм˵ھƾĻҪ뿪ﶼһܴ⣡
֮⣬Ժٷļһз˵һҲǿɲΪɵսʤǡ
̫߹Լˣ
ߣôˣһ¿ˮˣ˲񣡡ϳߵ
ǿɲһѵǾûоϵ𣿡Ц
Цʲô⣿ٷĵ
⣡ء
ʲô
ɫһ䣬ǿɲΪڿЦ
ЦǺǣ֮ûио⣬Ϊǲ޶ڵԸң׶ĻȻͻ֪ˡ
װŪӾͲаŭ֮
ǣոʱһɼʹ˲ȫҪһ㣬ʹѣ亹һ־ֵʵ⡭ô£
˼ˣɫ䣬˵ҲλλǿߣȻĪ⵽ʹĥ
ϴŭ߳ʣף㵽׶ʲôֽţ
ǺǣĻܹʩħ䶾ҵ׶֮Ȼ˵ȵĻ꣬ԴĻǰӣһЩħ䶾ҡû뵽ҵ׶֮Уҵ׶֮͸޷ˣȻǶ޲Ϊ˶ԸǣҲеľȥһ񱦲ؿ֮ʱ׶񶼣ΪǷΪʱ򡣡Ц
ɣŭѣŭס
Ȼ׶ϮĸЦ
һȥ񶼣֪ʱһƬ˶ʹš


1211 ս
ʹԼ˵ڵʹ鴤ţʵǿһλֻҪʱֹͣĻǿѹס׶ʴ
ֻǣû뵽׶ȻĽ񶼶סˣʵĸȥֿס׶ʴҽѾ׶֮С
Ƿŭѣ¿մЩʹȺ˫۳죬ǵҲ׶еѹ׶ϣ˵ǻɥʧеж
ףľһĦǵӱȽϼֱӱ׽
ǵԵñȽ侲Ȼгŭ𣬵Ҫǽڵ׶סߣȻû˭׵Ķ֡
ģ˵Ҳʹ죡ݵ˵ٸһҵϢλʱﾫڤǶڵ׶Ƿǳļʣ
ڤ
ǲŵĵɴ˫ۣԿԵ÷ǳĿ־塣
ߣʲôڤŴʵ
ڤħжеһּµʩ߱÷׳һɽȥ˸֮ȴʶȴԱűʵʵ͸࣬ڤ˵ҪӵĿ¡ص˵
ô˵ǱѾ˵ģٷ㵲ѡ
ǵıݱᣬû뵽һֶ˺ݶȻԼ˶Ź׺ߵҲµûĻѼƻҪԸˣֲھֻһﵽˣֻҪɱ׶ж⣡
˵õûϧûɱңһӡ
˵꣬һףҲʵ̫Ϊ˰ɡ
ಡһ
ƾն֣ƺ׶ʴ
СĦǼ˴ϲȻ뷲˲Ǻ죬֪ҲƷѣʵ
׾㵲ѣʵСӣôû׶
ǺǣħĻҿܵһЩȻ׶ǿźǣҷҵʲ׶Ӱ졣Ц
ܣ׽һ˫ŷˣٶĵĴЦΪСкأССλѣȥһԸҲ׾٣
һ㶣𷲿˲λѣû׶ҲѻλλߵĶ֡
ɫ˵ȻһԸĻҲǲܣ
˵꣬͵̧ͷ˫ֱѪɫ⡣
𣡡
˫ȭͷһ͵ĳȼһǿҵѪɫâһޱаӿ˿ȥ
ǿаĿࡣ
ǣһĻȴ˶ˡ
ħļ״̬
ŭһħӲںɫĳ˲ʮλ⼶ʵڷѿԴﵽħļ״̬
ħ
׳ԾѣǸ˵ŵӽŷˣû뵽Ʒ߾Ȼо߱ħĹ
ϣȫǿ㶵׳ףɣ
͵ģ˱˲ӵ׵ǰֱӻȭͷ׺ݵһŭĳ׵ؿ˹ȥ
ݵÿһӦֳһѲ׶ĺڽֱ̧ǰ
أ
һǿҵǿȭݺݵеĺڽϣ񱩵ĳֱӳ׵Ķ

׾ѣʧȥһȷʵô׿սʤˣҷ˵Ŀħʲ׶׾һȭǿб˳ȥһѪڡ
ãĦǿܵĽеϵΪ˴
ȴȶ񣬼ȥѹڵ׶˵ǿҲһܴףοĸڤҪȥڵ׶ʱ׾ٵĶԸס
ױһȭˣײ޾ɫЦǺǣСӣʵȻҪǲܵģҾסң㻤𣿡
ಣಣ
һȵӰܴȥĸޱڤŵΧסϵڣһѪӡ
ãɫ䣬ʱôȥԸЩڤ
ɣһתɱЩڤ
һ£ȴ˵ǰ̧еĺڽŷˣ˵˼Ķҡˣ˳㣬Щڤܹ˵ľѪȻǻԽԽǿҸǿǻҿƵġ
ıҪʧˣһϤ
ѭȥƷ羹ƾ˵С
Ʒ磡
˾ȲѣƷ粻Ѿ뿪
׼Ʒ磬µĲ˿־壬ʵƷ磬㡭㲻뿪ѲѾ񣿡
ǺǣϵЩС˻񶼣ԱرƷһЦһְĶŷ˴Сҵڶ壬ҵķȻ׶Ӱ죬ȴ޷ԸףһᾡסЩڤ㾡콫һˣ
ף˰Ļص׻֮䣬ŭһ͵ֱƵ׵ǰ׺ȭͷס
ŷ͵ȭƣ͵ľ˹еĺڽƴĵֵŷ˵ȭơ
ռȻײŵ˼ͻȻһȭ׵ķߣصһȭ׵ϱػ˹ȥ
ءһ
ײҽһ˵һȭҪǳª׸ȥڱѪʹĵ˳ȥ
һóѣֳƳ˹ȥ
ŭѣЩڤеɱɱǼһ
һλڤյһ㣬ƷΧ˹ȥ
ƷɫһһһĽЩڤϮ˹ȥ
ݣݣ
һĽЩڤϣЩڤҲƿ˺üӣЩڤûиоκεʹ࣬ʬһ㣬Ʒ˹ȥ
Ʒһ̽ȥŻȻԭЩڤͲϢڳһǿа
ಣಣ
λڤ˹ǰǱӵλϵʵƷʱԣֻʹûڶ壬λʵ
ƷĵڶҲǼ죬۳һɵĻɫǼֻƷڶļԶԶҪࡣ
飡飡
ƷһƽһƣԴλڤؿϡ
ţ㴫һУЩڤƺڼ𣬱㱻ƷһһˣϧԻЩڤɱڵı˹
뷲˼ҵսһţѷ֡
ʱ׸ӦƷڤǱߵľϲԭⲢƷҾ˵ôô֣
뵽ڴˣױ޾ɫеĹͽȻǿԷչҵķ


1212 ѩ
ʱƷѾգ۱һƬĵط
طǱѩ֮ء

Хĺ磬ǹһؽţ̹ǣѩ裬Ʒ֮һ޴ѩɽ¡
ѩɽǧɵĸ߶ȣƣ֮иûдﵽȸ߶ȵѩɽﲢǻþʵԴڵġ
ǰһ޴ѩɽͿжôĿ¡
Ʒɫأڴ֮󣬱һصӡ
˸£Ʒ񲻶ӣʵƷ磬ôˣ
鷳ˡƷص
ʲô˴󾪡
ʵЩһ
ûû뵽Щһﾹ˵ıɣȻ֣Ʒݺݵ˵
ģѲķջˣ
񶼵ֻһˣҲӦûҪһãƷҡҡͷص
Ǽһʵ̫ԲˣҶԴ񶼣ǲѰ·𣿡м˵
Ʒ΢΢ͷʵʵֻǲǵģֵȻǿѾˣǱñǸҵ񣡡
˵գƷбԳ񱦲صͼϸĲ鿴˼˼Ǹ߰εѩɽ˵ҵ񱦲أصù򣬶ڵıѩ򣡡
ô鷳ʲôʲô򣡡˵
ʵҲҵʦĦ˹ģΪ˷ֹһЩ̰֮˵õ񣡡Ʒ˵
Ȼ˵ƷʦĦ˹û뵽Ħ˹˿£˵Ҳϵ
ҲͲȻĦ˹ʦѵûһЩĽݾ𣿡˵
ʵ˵ҵʦˣ֮⴦񱦲أҲΪ˶λ̳ߵĿ顣Ʒص
ԭˡ˵ͷΰ˵ڿֻܰŵͼˡ
ͨһ򾳵ĻǱ÷Խѩɽۣ֮Ʒ
ǺǣⲻףСЦЦڵ֮˫͵һţ
СŸճɳ׵ľ룬㾪һӲĵѩУǱѣӱеⲻ𣡡
㵲ѣСλ޷УѩҲеôˡ
Ʒ˵ѩԴżǿʵԽǿܵԽ󣬶Ҳﶺ̫ʱ䡣ΪʱˣڵҲᱻᣬȻǾͻΪѩıˡ
Ҳᱻ᣿Ǵסˡ
߰ɣǿɲܱˣƷ˵ű㳯ѩɽ첽ȥȻûнݾǾֻܹؾصˡ
ҲС֮ģƷȥ

Хѩ׷ɣƷĵС˵㣬Ӵѩɽһķţһ̵ĽӡȻЩӡֺܿ챻ѩڸǡ
ȻƷԣ̤ѩɽʱһɹĺڡɺµĺܣĿԽڵᡣ
֮£ƷֻʱڵǹϮĺĻǿɾҪˡ
ʵԽǿԽ˵ƷСżѹŲϵķУϮĺԽԽǿ
ƷҲоһЩ𼸷Ļӡ
ĬԭǺ̹ǵĵطǵĶͷȴð亹ҲǺܺܡ
һã̧ͷȥѩɽ֮۾Ȼôңɼɵóܶľѹˡ
죡ͣƷѵʵʹ𸮵ģﾹȻʧȥЧãǶĿռ䣬޷ռʹá
ģⲻҪ𣡡СֹŽеȻԵɺڵȴĵĳĿ졣
˵ôĻһѩ͵ĥˡ
̬ҸоڵѾЩˡ˵ѾһѩҲʼԵóˡ
һĬԣһǰţԿҲܣŵĹâ𽥵ĿʼԽԽ
ڲѩ򣬺ܻиµսǿɲﰡȻǾǰܸˣƷ˵
Ʒȥ̼ǡ
Ȼ֮󣬱ܷڵתӿ˲ǿ䣬Բǡ
Ʒ¶Цݣȵ壡
оڳһ㣬Ʒ˺ƴѩɽϳȥӿĽ̡ǶŹͬĿ꣬Ǿǳ嵽ѩɽ֮ۡ
ʱƣƷѾԽѩɽİɽѩɽ֮ҲԽԽˡ
ȻĺҲԽԽǿμһֻڰһϵĸؿʼԽԽˣѩҲǺȣѾ˰
ɣƷǵĽÿһԵüΪĳ°Ѿѩ֮УѩеĺΪ£Ʒǵ˫ȶҪˡ
֮£ƷֻܲϵͷųڵűѩϮĵҲԽԽ࣬ѾʼϢţǺ졣
ƾǾĹƷҧأһһǰţϵĽӽѩɽ֮ۡ

ҵĺХţһѰһ㣬ӵһʹо׶Ҫ⺮˺ѿһ㣬ÿһʹ಻ѡ
񣬵ⳬԽȻǰȴ緲˰Ĵ
֣ǿļţһһĽӽĿꡣ
δҲ˴ʱ
żᶨǾǷԽѩɽжսҲԲҲûκκ·ˡ
ϢţԽԽأڵеѾûô˳ˣȫĽҪһ㣬粽С
ˣͿ쵽ˣһҪȥƷʹƷ籾ҲܳԲͣǿǱɡ
ֱڼѵԼĪĥʱͷƷڿӽѩɽ֮ˣҲʮɵľˡ
ȻƷҲҪſˣڵҲҪĴֻ֮жˡ
ʮɡʮɡʮɡ
Խÿһɵĸ߶ȣƷ˵һͻơ
룬ԽԽˣ俴ѩɽĶ֮ҫŵĲʹ⣬Ϊǽһ򾳵ͨˡ
֣ټ֣Ҫӽˣ
һʹ£ļǲʹ⴦ֳһƷֵõѰĸо
Ȼ
ȡһ
ھѩɽ֮ɵľ֮ۿɼѩǲĿʼ˿ѩɽʼĶš
⡭
Ʒǲһ
ͻȻ
Ʒƺ뵽ʲôȻʧãѩ


1213 ӭѶ
ʲôѩɫ䡣
ѩɽ֮Ҳͽֻ֮ԶôͻȻֳѩⲻ̫ˡ
ЩȥƷȵ
ǣƷ׼ҪȥʱƺѩѾڵһ㣬ʹ԰γ˫ȡ
죬ʵ̫ˡ
䣡
ѩɽҵţѿһϲ㣬Ʒµѩˮһ㣬ʼƶƷѩɽµķȥ
ס
Ʒŭȵȫ֮ͷŶһǿҵĹâҫƷƴȶסӣѩĳǿ÷˼Ʒܵ˼谭
ģⲻǴĵ𣡡Сŭ
ƺѩɽܵƣ𶯵Խ
𣡡
һͬްĺƷǵϷ֮Ȼֳһ޴ѩĿǻһ㣬ԸоѩΪķŭ
ѩƷǶסˡ
ߣͲһˣʲôסңƷһ͵ǰ̤һСǵǰеֳһһԷ
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𣡡
ѩʢ˵İӿſѩ͵Ϯ£Ļѩһ㣬籼ڵĺХڵ̾
ƷɫڵԪͷŶһ򵱹Ī֮ƣ͵ѩơ

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һ죬ѩɽƷľԷȻסǿѩĳϮ͵ѩܵƷľԷ谭ƷľԷӿȥϵõƷıӻϵĻѩĸѩȥ

ƷŭţǺ죬û뵽ѩ˵Ŀ£һɹɵĳƷľԷԷҪѩơ
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飡飡
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æ
е϶ټҫǿҵĽâһΪƽצ޴ǽĵѩС
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͵ģƷ˫һɣ뿪ѩ㣬Ծɵĸ߶ȡ
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ţ˻״̬
ڽˡСƣ۰һ»Ϊ״̬
̫ˣһŵأΪȥѩѾҪľ
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ôˣȤ
ʲôЦҲŲ£Ҫǻ𣿺ٺ١Сص
ˣ²˳٣ǸϽȥɣиµսءƷЦѩá
΢΢ͷеĵһ򾳾˿£ǿɲΪ·ܺߡ
ѩ٣ƷܵƺѾʧȥˣƷǺɵı㷭Խѩɽۣ֮ǰ
ˣ治װ̾һһѩɽĲһĸߣǶһġ
ʱƷϱԳ񱦲صĵͼüͷ壬ص˵һ򾳱Ƿ򣬿ܱѩҪӵĿ¡
û£ҵúüʶСֵ
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ģʲôط춯ˣһֿ˾塣
ҲһıƣĻеĻ꣡ûɣھѩɽ𣿡
ûġĻ˵ﹲ򾳣ѩĸ򾳣ֻд򾳲ܵҪȥĵط
ʲôϻ岻ͷĽе
ƷѾЩһˣղŵһ϶ġǵЩ޴ļһ͵ڰɨ谭ˣֻҪǺͿˡĻհЦ
ߣҪǼǣһ޲ɱǣߵ
ǻǿȥİɣ˿ɶûôĻ국Ļصתȥ˫˸⣬ŭڳ鶯š


1214 Σ
Ʒǳɹѩ֮Ҳȥ˲̵ʱ䡣
ǣѾżΣ
飡飡
ƷһһƵĽЩڤˣΪЩڤƷĻ𹥻ϾƷı壬ԽЩڤɱ
ĸڤʵҲƷľԶƷռ˼ƣܡ
ڤѾʧȥԭʶκεԿԣҲʹĸоηΪǱѾˡ
ಣಣ
ЩڤֳƷɱ˹һɷӣצ֣Ʒ磬ҪƷݡ
ƷԵú侲ʵԻȥЩڤֻҪסǲȥ˺˾㹻ˡ
ԣƷһţʱʱ˳𹥻Щڤϡ
Щڤֺ֮ܿܲĳɱȷʵǷǳѲǻ˵ĻѾ֧Ųסˡ
֮У׶ʴʹʵǿǰѹסȴ޷жЩʵǿ˱취ڵ׶Ƿ˰ĻǿɾΣˡ
СѣһҪסϰţڵڵ׶ţͬʱҪžʹˮֱ
Ȼ׵ֶθеŭѣҲԵú侲ֻгȥڵ׶ΪҪ
СȻħ˲ٵʵҵҲһ룬źǣҵıս黹ǿ㣬ҪԸңǲܵģ׵Цеĺڽͣѹ÷ҵĻᡣ
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С첻˰ɣЦţԷƷ粢ʱױÿɱУҪڷأΪڷ˾谭
ЦԸСһŵģ˲мЦ͵׵ĽƣȻӵ׵ǰһƺȵȥɣ쵰
з⣬ƺϵҪ嵽ǰЦǺǣѵ㲻֪Ѿҵ𣿡
һ㶡
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˷ŭһȭȥȻףӱɢ˿ȴκεѪҿԿɢʱ¶ǹЦݡ
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û׵ͻȻӷ˵𣬳ղһֱŶҵĹû뵽ҶĹʵѾҵˣϧѱҵĻԻסˡ
ݣ
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˾ֵĵɴ˫ۣΣ֮£ӿǿҵ־ôܾôˣ
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ƺǱܣ͵һࡣ
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СƷһȻҲע⵽˷Ǳߵľ
ЩڤʵΪַ˹ƷֻγС񶼵ϣɶˣ㣬һԵģ
ʱŷˣΪûɱ˶еźհЦǺǣСȻĿħʿԲҵ׶ʴҵĽǺ׶ڿѾ壬ҿɲΪ㻹ܿסҵ׶
ԣɫһ䣬ڵĿħȴǴһʹҪԼ嶼Ҫ˺ѿһ룬˸Գ
ˣ
һҰ֮ɫѪ棬ǿƣҲ޷סס׶Ҳѱڵ׶û뵽취Գȥ
ƷɫأеĹƱƷԲ÷׵ٲõĻƷᡣ

Ʒŭһ̧˫ƣֱӽЩڤ˳ȥ
СƷеǱ߼ȥ
תͷųеƷ磬ĵȻ֪㵽ʲôֹҵĻ㻹Զˣ
䣬ױݺݵһ˹ȥ
ݣ
һĺɫâֱϮޱȡ
Ʒ羪һ£֮ӿһԷ
ټƷ˲˾Է
飡һ
ǿĽâػƷľԷϣһƬ⻪ԷŹѶһɾ͵ĳƷ硣
ݣ
͵ֻһĶƷ绮ȥ
飡
һ죬Ʒֱӱ˳ȥ
ţһӰ׺ķ˹ЩڤײеĳƷ˹
˳ĽкһڵŭһţɱĶס
ಣಣ
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Ʒ緢ˣֳһ壬ڻЩڤɱȥ
죡죡
Ǽȥڵ׶ȥĻ񶼿ɾҪСˡ
û뵽׶ǼƴڽԿ׶ǿѹ£ҲǺȥԸס
Ϊ񱦲ؿܵӰ죬ᱻ׵óѡ
ΣƷ类ЩڤľסƷķҲ⵽˲ٵĴˣ˷֮⣬ѾûܰƷˡ
ѵҪƷתƻ
ʱ˿ڴŴû뵽ڱһ֮ǿµ׶ֱ˷˵ڣ÷˱ʹĥ
СǲҪе˰ɣ׵ЦţһѪӣеĺڽгǿҵɱ⡣
ҪɱɱӾ㣡˴Цڵʹһ֡
㲻ǿɲ˶㣡ɫһȵϷ˽ˣ
ݣ
еĺڽǿٱ˷ˡ
СƷ羪һУ˫ȭһת
ͻȻ
Ʒɫһ䣺
ΪƷ羹Ȼˣռ𸮵ѾɥʧˣתҪΪýġ
쵰ס֣Ʒ緢ĳ׽е
ûסңЦĳѾƽ˷˵ؿڣһ£ҿɾԲٴƫˣ
ݣ
ĳХռһ㣬˵ĿⶼһС
Ȼ
һĻˡ
Ϊеĺڽھ뷲˽֮ʱȻסˣ˶Űĵɴ˫ۣƷ綼סˡ


1215 
ǵģһû̹ȥ
㣿ôǼĵɴ˫ۣ˵ˡ
ƷҲŵһĻǵʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ׵һǱ˸סˡ
֮Ŀס׵ĺڽеѪεζȴ޸еκεʹࡣʱķȴͻȻúܿ£ɢһëȻϢ
˵Է޷ȥסһġ
ʵ֤ȷʵȵĽסˡ
⡭ⲻܣЩɥʧǰĽее͵ǿ˼еĺڽǱ˵ָȵճסһ㣬ٵݽһ֡
죬ʵ̫ˣϢޱȾ㵵ŷˡ
ʱ˻̧ͷɫȻЩǱѪĳĳ˸ſµѪ⣬ڹӿһɿµ
״סˣоǿϢ״˼ѹ
ħ弶״̬
ŭһĴȻֳһԳԭɫƺѪȾһ㣬һƬͨ졣
ţһɿֲޱȵϢӷ˵ڱ˳Ȼڵ׶ˡвһ̣˾Ȼͻ˿ħ
弶ڵ弶״̬ˣƷϲοһЦСҾ֪һеģ
ħ弶״̬ٱ
Ȼ˻δܽλѾܹǿʧȥһһˡ
ʱŷ˵ʱﾹȻĪһɿ־壬ӲɿʼͲȥӷһ˫Ѫаӡ
˵ˣɱңûôףһһٵ˵֮У麬һϵѹ
ױŭˣ͵ڳһ֣ǿŭ̫߹Լˣ
ಣ
׺ȭĦž磬ֱӻ˷˵ס
ɫһҲֱӺһȭͬй켣˫ȭ֮䣬ôӲӲ˹ȥ
أ
һ죬𵴳ֲľܱߵĿռҲ˿

ײҽһоȥȭͷ˸ְһ㣬һǿֱ۵ĽҪѿһ㡣
ȴһܴӶûУһĿ۽еĺڽ͵ǰһ˱±˵˹ȥ
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־ĵɴ˫ۣ˻һ
飡
һƳ׵ĸȥֱӱһƬԽ׵ͷ­˿ȴʹĳ鴤š
ת֣һ֣ݺݵĴ׵ؿڣǿнڵħˡ
飡
һ죬ӱ㱬ը˿ΪһƬѪꡣѪƮɢĴЩԭڿƯŵ׶ӣѪ֮£Ȼˡ

Ȼڵ׶Ȼˣ»ָ
ûˣ׶ˣ˴ϲѣԭڵʹˣҲһһָˣоһجһ㡣
ⳡجѾˡ
˻һۣЦЦȻ˱Ĵл׹
һ£һӰĽס˷ˣǡ
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СֵܣˡЦЦתɫһϿմƷЩڤʹ޵˵ڸǳʱˣɱ
ಣಣ
һӰӶȥǡ
ƷǸϲѡ
ȻЩǿߵİЩڤͲǵĶ֣ǲ֮ҲǸŭĺһɶǲҲˡ
ܿ죬Щڤ㱻ǳȥˣ񶼵ΣҲ˶ˡ
Ʒƣ۰ЦЦԶ֮Ǳ񱦲ؿڷΪƷǻҪŸս

С
ƷԭشãͻȻ¶ϲõЦݡ
Ʒֵܣʲôôģ̲סʵСҲ档
񶼵ѾˣǿԷˡƷЦ
ʲôֵģϳڣһʲôͣƷ˵
ǰɣҶˡƷЦЦֻЦúأ㿪ʼŵͼϸĲ鿴˵Ѿˡ
򣬸оⲢûʲôġС˵ѭܣյһƬƽأκε⡣
Ǻǣǵʵָò˰ɣƷȴЦʵ
Ҹо֣ڸոǴѩʱ򣬸оڵָʮѾˡص
û򾳱ڲȲĿռ䣬ʦҲûôˣֻҪǳɹЩ򾳵ĻʵܿõָǴĻǾĻƷ֣ص˵
ס΢΢ͷ֮ǰǿµѩ򣬻ҪҪ
߰ɡƷ˵㿪ʼѭǰȥ
Ҳں
ԼĪ˽ʮӵ·̣еʼ
⣡һ㶣ڱܵķӦ
ˣƷɫء
ʲôˣʵ
꣬б㴫˺Ľ˴̶ԸоеʼԽԽǿһƺѹѾõڽıƽˡ
ǿϢСɫһΪհޣСԱȽϸߡ
СˣǷƷѵ
ɣС˵㵲ǰСǿķСӦҪǿƷ֮⡣
СӦɣǸ㡣Ʒص㻽˿ս
ʵѩ˵ƷǻöԸЩѩżƣһᶳڵ
ʱеѾΧˣХǵķı
ౣ
СХһ޴ǼʵıݰڻסƷǡ
ߣƷе
Сǰֱ˹ȥƷǽС
СӦǿѾס˴󲿷ֵƷ粢ܵӰ졣
ԭȻôסСϲ
ɲŹ˻СԾеʲô
СôˣƷʵ
ǰһɺÿµƽҺûңҡҡСԵü
аɣƷʡ
СѰ˼˻ͷУ
ھԴֻ֮Ҫһֱǰ߱ǡƷһɫ˵ûôǿǵüӿٶȣ
֪С˫һ裬ӿٶȡ
ƷСĸСµٶҲżӿˡ
Ʒȥãѩбֳ˼Ӱ
Ƿˣ϶а취ġĻ˵
㡣һбԳܣĻǱűӭǹǿȥ


1216 ˺
磬ХԽӵһһ㣬Ҫݡ
СΪףƷ˽ںӭǿгȥ
䣡
쫷һӿ˰ĿɳŨĿɳΪں֮ɫǱڵӴȺһ㣬ڶ
û뵽˵Ŀ£ռ䶼ǿŤĵâһ㣬৶
С˫һ裬ĳԶԶСԤϣǿСô͸ʾˡ
ǿԶʱ䣬һ˲嵽ƷǵǰµĿŰš
СХˣӦٵĶ˫ıĹ켣
С͹ˣ͹Ŀ¡ΪСԶԶ޷ıĹ켣ǿµħһ㣬ֲ쫷ѾŵĽƷǸΧ
ƷһԾ
̫ǿˣСŴУ˫ĳ֮£СǾ޴ӾͿ챻嵹ˣͬеķһ㣬ƶ淽
𣡡
ŭһһ̤Сֵžĳʵǿò˼飬Ǿ޴ӣҲ⾢ƵûŲ
ݣ
Գݺݵһ˫ŵ棬ȴڲţѾƴȫԵֵסĳ
ౣ
Сʹһ޴ӾǱǾæĶ˫ӼѾܿˣһ쫷ںС
С
Ʒ羪һϵĿսжס˴󲿷ֵ
͵ģƷԾֽὣ쫷֮УĻһĽƻ쫷֮У֮ǿԸı˹켣
СȴȻ쫷ţһֲĳССͷͣӺĴš
Ʒſս壬ܵӰ첢Ǻܴ󣬼СѾҪȥˣһСƽһ߳СеС죡ָ״̬
Сܴ󣬳ܵҲܴʧȥӿȨĻСı廯ǷǳģƷŻСָ״̬
СȻͷۻΪƷԼ޻ǿĸоƷѣ״̬
СѾ쫷ĳ֮УСѳµ˵Сǿ壬Ҳ˺ƿһ˿ڡ
磡СţڻҵĴҷɣ޷ȶסӡֻ˵ʵǿ̫̬ˣռ䶼ܲס
СټסƷһϱһǿҵİ׹⣬ǻһһ㣬ӭ쫷ƶȥ
ܿ죬Ʒ쫷ĴǿУƺڵ쫷оƷַһɹɵǿƷ硣

ƷкһΪٶޱȣпս壬ԵסƷ磬ȻƷҲܵǿǳ˱ѹڱƽС
С쫷޹ĴתţƷ˹ȥСֱ쫷嵽һߣƷٳȥСȴǱ嵽һߡ
СסƷ罹Ľе
ҡȲסСֵĻӦţӸȫܿˣȫ˳ߣѪڣڵ֮޷תġ
ģƷ簵һȻ͹ΪСܹԼһ֧ͬסھѾΣˡƷҲ侲Ʒ绹ڷϵħʦƷֻƽȥӦ
ӦſǿƷɫأΪЩʵ̫ѰˣҵȫΥ˳
˵ЩȫԴӸȴ˴˼ȴֺǢĲκεĳͻɼڷ֮ƿǳǿ
ȻܻңƷ绹ǿԸоԣ˫۽Сסܱߵ
ȻСɵһ׼Ҫ嵽һʱƷû˹ȥһȵץסС֡
СҲһȻЩͷЩң֪ԼǱƷסˣϲѣڻǱĺ֮
С׽ңǳȥƷеͣڿеĻǳΪڿдȵʵǿ̫ˡ
СӦĸȥЩ޲ܹ뿪Ͼղ쫷еƯ֮УСǱˡ
ƷڵԪץСٵ¿մȥֲҲĳƷС
СӣǿҲѵĳϮȴץƷ֣ܵȥתڵӶƷѹ
֮УܵҲ
𣡡
ŭţ֫ߣǱƶŲϵţ֫µĵҲ׷ѡƺһɿµ˺ռ䶼ܲˣο塣
ಣಣ
ӹһӹϵѾ˺˿һƬһƬټ㱻ϮѪܣڵҲʼüȶ
飡
һ̤һƬƬʯʯƷʱ˲㱻ñһƬĩ
ֻ˵ʵ̫̬ˣͲͿɵֵסġ

ʹ˻ţϵѱ˺ˣڵϣ˫ֽųµĵѾʼ˿Ҳ˿ڣų˫ֱֻ֣۶챻ˡ
ͻȻ
һ
µĵȻ˿˴Ƭʯ

ɫ˻һűһɿֲݺݵı㽫׾ٵƷ˳ȥ
ಡһ
һȵӰƿٵƵȵĽס
һָֻסӣͷƷ磬ϲѣȴð亹̾ʵ̫̬ˣҪСɾҪ군ˣ
ȥƷص˵
ƷץСȥ
ƷǸأһ޴Ӱ쫷зƷ߳˹ΪѾŲסˡ
վҺ棡Ʒе
СĸҳɣƷֵס˴󲿷ֵѾǿȶסӣƷ
飡飡
һ죬ӣķʯƷ߹˹
ʱҲֻӸȶˡ
͵ģƷһڵԪ˫֮УǷڶľӰǰһƣպ˫ıϡ
䣡
Ǿ޴ӱƷӲĵֵµĵٶһѵľʯƷ˳ȥΪ˳ɳ
ƷǺ죬ƴ֧ľ壬Ǻ죬ʵܣĽе磡״̬ҡҿ֧Ųסˣ
ʶЩƷѣ㳷״̬ƷȵĽסĽǱڶǿ


1217 
磬ðɣƷ絣ǵʵ
ãֻҲǿ̫̬˰ɣҺ㣬ȻɾͱסˡµĻصŵһ亹
ҺûȥҪȻҡСյղǷڣǿҪ
ڿô죿ʵ̫ǿˡ˵ֻܶƷˣΧ޹ԣǻܵһ˺ȥǵҲҪĹˡ
Ҿ԰ɣƷص˵ſսƷһ̵ĸǽԱ
䣡䣡
һַ籩Ű𣬵׷׹ѣһƬƬľʯԻΪ˳ɳЯžϮ
ȣ
ƷһǰֳһΪΣͬһǽһ㣬ֵžĳϮƷĿΪþǽĹ켣ƣƷǵӹ
䣡
񱩵쫷ͶŰƷµĽС
ƷƴͷڵԪϵǿǿȣʱֵĻЩͲôˡ
䣡䣡
쫷һĳƷµĽҡҡܱߵĿռ䱻쫷ľŤͬһڵľһ㣬ƷǰĽѾһӾͱ˺ü
Ʒ統Ȼýֿٵ۳һ쫷ĳϮʱĳ켣ֻҪһлᣬƷСǳȥ
⾢ʵΪǿͣƷ缸Ѿס˴󲿷ֵľ磬СǻܵһӰ죬СҲԼΪƷĸ׷ȫս棬˫֧Ʒ硣
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ţƷǽµĵѾҪѿˣЩŹʶһ㣬ܵѹƷĽϡ

ƷŭһڵԪѾҪ龡ˣѾ۳һһĽˡ
𣡡
һ޺ŭſɳ쫷׺ݵĳţռҲһƬƬ˺ѣƷĽ־ֻۣ٣ڵԪĵķǳء
ҲģƷ簵ţĻ֧ԼԼ͸ѡˣǵڶ򾳣ôܾ͵أ
ʱƷӱԽԽ죬Ѫ˿ǷŹѪ⣬ؾĵ÷ǳصԪȻٶȱ
ȻƷڵԪԽԽǿۼһǿԪԪѾɹ״̬ΪһԪԪϵ׳ţţۼԪǿеԪҪˡ
Ʒ粻ԪҪѵĻԼҲ֪ƷڵԪϵ׳ţԪҲüΪĳ
ȣ
ƷŭһԪӿһӴԪ۳һ׳ĽγһżĽĽһɹǿ˿
ƷµĽ˿ѹһɹɵӽӿ˿ȥ
ƷһֱĶȻѾʼ߷˿ȥƷȴûоʹֹͣΪ滹
ԣƷһ󵨵Ĳ룬ЩԵڽз뿪ȥĻֻҪƷ֧ʱˣĹ켣ͻֱ߷ı䣬ЩͿϰԵıܿƷǡ
ȻСڷĸӦҲǱȽǿģоѾʼܿˣæ磬Ĺ켣Ѿıˣڲǳȥûᡣ
ٵ£ҸоеһĿԣһֱչ֧һЩʱ䣬켣ܾͻܿǣӦþͿ԰ȫĳȥˡƷҡҡͷص
Ǵ˵еСЦЦֵҵĵǣطôҵڿܲԤеĵط
ǲǣܵȱܿЩȻǿɾҵڵĻᶼûˡƷص
һġ˵
Ʒͷǿķһֱó뿪ȥ
Ʒ˷ܵǣ۽ֵ쫷ʱƷڵԪõ˼ָоǵƷȥϳʱеָоһܵĳԽǿƷԪͻڴ̼еõǿ
ɼ䣬ƷϲЩˣƷ˵Щ򾳶Ʒżİڴе֮ЩõõпͻƵһˡ
䣡䣡
һǿ͵ֹĳƷĽ󣬽ҲھҵĲлȥƷޱͷڵԪ۽
㣬ʮӵʱ䡣
ƺѾʼܿƷˡ
Ʒоĳ켣仯ϲɫ˵ˣǿԳȥˣ
ҲоˣģСЦȥǾƷ綼޷һֱ֧ȥˡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷǳ壡
˵գƷ̳ȥ󣬴Сٶǰֱȥ
ƷֵЩ³ΪԷһƷҲʱڵԪʱٶҲ࣬ΪСǸϡ
ңһηǳĳɹƷһӱ˽ʮľ룬ЩƺѾϰԱ˱ܿƷĳ켣ȻûȥƷǡ
ãƷȻǰĲԶ֮ҫһǿҵĲɫââпĿһڡ
ԣûǳɹˣƷ缤Ľеϲѡ
СҲˣݵһʹȻӿٶȣٵڵķȥ
ܿ죬Ʒӵڴ
ΪڴǿĵطǣڵķΧ֮ڣȻԵúܰȫܵκεӰ졣
֣ôûˣСͷɻʵ
ʲô֣ѾҵڱǡЦ
ȥɣҺоǿҪ׷ˡƷһ֣ص˵
ߣЩһҲûô״ɡߵ
ǸеܸܲоǰһȻʵ벻ΪλôƷҡҡͷֵˣˣһ򾳿ɲ򵥣ǽȥɡ
΢΢ͷ
̣ƷǱһһС
ͬʱھƷʮķΧУ֧ܣӭ쫷ĳǰš
Ȼֵܵס˴󲿷ֵ쫷ܵӰȽСȴҪĲſ֧סѾôˣĵҲǲС
ûо𣿺ˡĻͻȻ˵
Ļôһ˵ҲƺоЩȷʵҪ֮ǰ࣬˼˻ͻȻ뵽ô˵ĻǿѾ뵽һˣ
ûĻͻȻֵˣڵͼҲǵһδһʲô
򣡡صһЦǺǣһ˵򾳡


1218 ˵
ʲôطһŻܡ
֮һƬ֮ͨɫĴһһ㣬ͨڣܱ߶ǰɫǽڣǽԼĪн׸ߣڰɫǽһĿռ㣬ռ㿴ǲȥˣҲֻͽˡ
˾ÿµǣƷվǰʱ򣬿ԼǰضǺǣĵһ𣬿ŵζӦþζ
ֵ˵ǣЩҵĺĴһЩռָЩƷձ鶼ͣƾЩƸĻ˵Ļһ𾪵档
ȻЩƷʵ̫ЩǿնƺԸоһݿ־뼫µľ
ԼһƬ򾳺ܲ򵥡
ЩˡɫоϮһ磬ʼóȷʵѹֵܡ
ҶľЩ˲ڱ˴˵ڿ־Сص˵
־壿ô𣿡˼ˮ亹
ûµҲ˵ǳ˵򡣡Ʒ
˵򣿡Ŀࡣ
ʽ̤ʱǵѪҺῪʼʱʧ֮壬Ǳһ㣬ǵȻ㣬еĻǵͻܵƣ޷ʹƷǰЩ˵
⡭Ҳ̫ˡǾһ亹Щǵ״ԲǿЦġ
Ǻܿ£ѩ˵ֻҪ㹻ʵӻǿԴ򾳣ĻûбصͼĻ㲻ǿߣǾ;ԻƷص
ѹĻǻƴҪõ񱦲صͼˡȻͻȻʲôϲɫĶƷ˵ô˵ͼǲǾͿԴ򡣡
ǺǣȻѾ׼ˡƷ΢΢һЦбԳ񱦲صͼͼһƬǽͼ̻ƷѾͼϵдڵڵлһ·
ʵԹƷСʱһϷñԹлӳڵ·;вκε谭
ͬʱҲƷܳԾƷ绳ԼʦĦ˹ǲԼһͬһˣôȤĶó
ƷŵͼϸĿãЦǺǣðɣǿԽȥˣǧܸˣҪȻˡ
ˣ˵ĻҲӦÿԴɣͻȻʵ
ҸǵȷʵĵͼǵҲ֣ǾԲǸƷ˵
²˳٣߰ɡС˵
Ʒͷһ̤ʽС
ţҲЩ̤С
ʱƷ̤ʱ򣬱ֵĸоԼڵȷʵڿʼĪʧڵͷ˳ƺһοµסˡ
ʧɫ
㣬úܣǵʱޣڴ˶Ʒ˵һŵͼȥ
ɫ֣Ʒȥ
ʱƷǰŵͼõ·ţһĲڡ֮Уÿһеʱ򶼻ЩĲڣûеͼĻǿҪˡ
;У洦ԿЩǣ״һģ˿ôĿġ
ǳĬѾĲˣƷУԼһ㣬ץסƷˡ
УĹ죬ƷǼٵ
ȻڽеʱƷڵҲʼڲϵʧе룬ʧҲʼԽԽ졣
Ʒͷð亹ѹܴҲоеı仯ѵУٶȥǻǻΣգץңǵüӿٶȡ

ǵ˵ͷӥ׽Сһ㣬СһƷȻСһ
ûɣƷͷʡ
û⡣Ӧ
ǾͺáƷ˿ɱۣͼϵȷ·ͼӡԺȻϸĴܱߵĻֻƾżӿŲˣȻһֱŵͼߵĻܾƷҵ˳ڣѪҺҲѾĴˡ
׼һ֮Ʒȵߣ
˵գƷһб˽ȥ޷ʹƷֻܱƽ˵ٶȡ
СǣţƷ籼ܶУһĲڡ
ȻСǿ϶ǶƷΣ˵ٶȶһٵ״̬䶪ˡ
ֻƷڵĵԽԽ࣬ʧȥԽ֮࣬УĵԽƷѾʼϢˣȫð亹
˸еʹǣҲʵ̫ˣڵͼͺСɱãȻûеڵ㣬ʱǵѾ֮һˡ
ƷǴһһͨڣЩͨڸûκεĹɣݺĴƷתתۻҵĸоˣټϵһЩѹƷǵĿ־ҲʼԽԽ
û֮ǰϵЩǻ鵽˾־ĸоеʱо㿪ʼԽԽˡ
ˣͿ쵽ˣһҪסƷ紭˵һֱڹǣӶǵѹ
ڣһһͨڡ
ȻȻʣƷ羪ϲļԶҫŲʹ⣬Ӧþͨһ򾳵ˡ
ҲˣϲѣԭѹʱʧȫޣĸоҲһ
ˣƷ˷ܵӭǲʹг˹ȥ
ˣƷ˿ǰҫɢǿҲɫâ
ƷֵܣҾ֪һûġϲЦղŽʱֿ־壬ڶˡ
ɫ죬ȴЦݣüͷܡ
ʱƷЦǺǣǵѾ˲٣ȥ˵ɡ
漴Ʒ̤˽ȥ
ţн롣
ȻһֳһӰΪЩˣɸӰֵʱȴ𾪵ĵɴ˫ۡ
Ʒֵܣ

Ǿһټͣ˲ӵɵö
ǡôᡭƷĶǣƷǼǵԼǵһνģǸͲܱƷ绹Ҫһ
͵ģƷ̧ͷһ৵һɫҰס
պգǰһĻȻ


1219 ѭ
ʱƷٶȴ֣ƺ뵽ʲôݽӲԭЦ̼Ϊ֮ɫ
⡭ô£Ʒַĺ˫۳죬ȥǰһС
ˣߴˡҡͷָ̾ǰɵڵصһƬƬ˵ǸսеĵطҲ˵ֻصԭˡ
ԭ㡭ƷȻӲһ£Щ
ƷֵܣôǲǸŵͼϵ·ߵôֻصԭˣԵЩʵ
ǲܵģͼǾûģһֱǰŵͼϵ·ߵģƷץеĵͼղƾżеߣ·ǾûģҲƷСʱϷ
磡˵ˣǶ㣡һΰɣС˵ҲǶƷΡ
һΡƷͷϵƺѾʧȥһ룬ҲǲΪղȷʵԼ·ˣ
ƷһŵͼһֻСĿŵͼϵ·ˡ
Ʒ˱гɸղŵͣȻ㰴ŵͼõ·֮߳С
һΣƷһټϼӾ˾ѹĸһˡֻǻżϣš
˵Ѿƾһ˿־ȥŽŲǰС
ʱƣƷڵҲǲϵʧţƣ۸ҲʼˣصĴŴһͨڣתͷۻˮֱ
һΣһûģԡƷ簵ţƷĶͷȴһֱð亹δйĽȵС
ڣھһѵǰ֮Ʒּǲʹ㡣
ֻƷǴ»ϣ֮󣬵ǳǲʹʱȻּסˣһƬҰס
һһܱͬ߾ĺǣһеһжǸսʱӣҲ˵һλصԭ㡣
ˢһ£ɫͣ˫۱ÿնϣһεˡ
ô£ôִˣƷŭĽеץŵͼ˼飬ֳ嶯Ҫͼ˺ˡ
ҡҡͷ˫ȭգԿܲʣܲԵ޹ʵľĪĿռУеЩһĵ
ˣִ𣿡ɫͻȻû㱣Ϊĺܲġ
ȻҲȥƷ硣
Сҧʵ磬᲻ͼǼٵģ
ٵģƷɫͣʹҡҡͷֱĸоЦǺǣǼٵİɡ
һΣͲ߲ȥСݺݵĽе
Ǻǣҵȷķ򣬿ǵҲ֧ŲˡΰЦЦһ۵ϵЩǣһʲôĸоˣֵΪλôΪڵΪĵطҲһĵ
𣿡һɬԭ־ᶨƺˣ
磡磡ǾԲܷǾ͸𣿡СĽеʵСγֲأ
ңҺǣԲĺܶԲ𡭡Ʒ״εҡͷʹھΣǺܲģƷȴţ뵽ԼǽôҲûҪԼˡ
ǲ޹㡣Ʒ磬ЦǺǣΪ㣬ҵѾûˡܹôãȻֵܲãһжữΪУܹߵҲ֪ˡ
ǺǣƷֵܡЦЦ˵ǧҪϣⱲӾľλֵˡȻҲܲطܹλֵţҲˡ
ллллǡһӣǶõֵܡƷͷܸжиһۣеھθˡ
ֵܣͷһЦ⡣
ˣƷ羹ȻǺǣЦǿЦƷͷ̾˺˼
磬ǣľô𣿡С鶯촽˵Ѿֹסˡ
ǻϣ𣿡һĿɬ
ͷĬǲʵˮȴһεε¡
ƷǣʹúеĵͼʧĶãЦǺǣٵģǼٵ𡭡
ãƷԺƺһϤںƷ磬ƷԭڵһģƷ粻Ҫ
͵ģƷ˫һ裬ҲܷԲܷⲻҵԸκѶ򲻵ң
ȻƷһ֣ص˵һΣңһ취ģǵȻָǵʵȻǵڲϵʧҸоﻹдſյȻ΢Ϊӳʱ䣬ǾԲܾװ׵ҲԲҪô죡
硣С̧ͷƷЦˣƷ硣
һۣã΢΢ͷ
ԣƷֵ˵ûҿɲô죡е
ҿɲ㿴ұˡȤһЦϥ
СӣҾ͸ˣЦʼ޻ָʧ
СЦЦƷͶȥһεЦݣҲŽ״̬
ллңҾԻǴȥģƷ˫Щ˿󣬼ЦԵ٩Ʒչ¶οЦݣͻȻúˣǷϡ
ƷԣȷʵǴһ΢ĿȻǺǿԼʧҲĵطƷЩ΢֮Ѿסʧ
Ȼ޷ȥʹڵջǿԵģҲȫκһġ
ʱھ֮УƷԺһ߸ֳͼϵļ䣬˼š
ʵƷҲԲԼʦƭԼݱصͼԲǼٵģΪλǴģͼϻһЩ
ҿԵģһ뵽취ģڵǻһҪƽĻȥƷ簵ţԵú侲
ҲƷ˵ĻȥдڵĿʧѾʱסˡ
ֻǣеɿ΢ܿǴĿռ¶ģҲԶղġ
ǶƷ硣ϾƷôˣʲôѲûһҲɹȹ˵
Ʒ磬һֱǴҵϣ
һΣƷҲԼΪҵһϣ


1220 ·
ʱƷڴޣӳʧʱ䡣
ȻһϤ񻹴żּ˹ˣҵˣ
Ļ꣡
ƷǱµѣΪĻʵ̫ʹˡ
ȻƷ΢΢˫ۣĻһ˹
˫֮䣬ŭĿӣĳһ㡣
ͬʱĻҲסˣƷ磡ôǣ
Ǻǣ·갡ȻˡƷЦŲе
ⲻã³ˣͺúĻĴЦǿҵɱ⡣
ûǶǵϰɱǣǵõĻ͸ˡбֳ˳ƷǣλˣҲƷǶš
λʵҲǲ߱λϼʵԿʵʵĿĸоЩϵء
Щ˵ʱĿͻȻеһλ˵ϣƺʶһ㣬΢΢һ£ԵЩɻ
Ļ꣬ȱ̫磬ѵǾûʲô𣿡ͻȻЦηĻǣ
ߣʲô⣿Ļߵ
һȺ޴ļһӦöǴнȻҵİɣʵ
ûĻصΣѲҲ֪Ҳ𣿿ϧûˡ
˵޴޴û뵽ô޿ɾҩһЦ˵ѵǾûطǸսʱ𣿡

ĻסˣһʱƷǵķӦ̫ˣĻ֮Ļϸȥ֮ʱȻɫ䡣
⡭ô£Ļŭͼͼأ
£æóͼϸĿ˼飬˵ûûģôֻأ
ˣĻ˫ۣŭƷеƷ磡СˣѵøǵĵͼǼٵģ
ٵģƷ絭һЦ֪Ǽٵģǻɵɵ綼뿪طˣ
ָôͣĻŭʵ
ȻǱһģҸΪʲôˡƷ絭Ȼһŭ
ʲôʵ
ߣͼǲٵģǵеĴ󡣡Ʒߵ
Ц˵ǣߵ
ΪֻһܣǿҪӽڵʱǸպþͽˣҲǺܿΪǵ;еʱƲ˳ͻŵг˴󣡡ƷΪҲ֪ЩյļһһֱǺ棬ãǶҪˡ
Ʒ˵ĻĻǳ˼һƷô˵Ҳ޵򾳾Ͳǳġ
ҪĻԵ쳣ļ
ҲţĻƴҡͷ˵ϣǱǺһΣͲ߲ط
ͷʹ˸ġ
ϣЩأƷʵ
ߣҵˣǾͲǽˡһеĵͼ˵ߣ
˵꣬ǱּС
Ȼ޴ߵ
ⲻãǸղŵʵҿɲұ֤ǻǵĶ֣ٻǿɾͲһˡСЦ
ҲǡһЦ
ƷһֱɫЩ㱣ʵ磬ôˣɫ񲢲Ǻܺá
£ҡͷһЦǺǣûʲôƷֵܲضģû¡
˵ֻ꣬ı˫ۡ
ûʲô𣿡Ʒ簵̾һ֪϶ԼʲôƷ粻ֻǼ鿴ƺܲ
ֱá
ȻĻǻǻͨҰףΪּƷǣΧһжȫûиı䣬ڵ㡣
ǲܵģĻĽš
ѾȰˣٰ׷ĻˣǺúôɡ۷̵
쵰ұ죡ɱ㣡Ļŭѣŭĳȥ
ݣ
ĻеҪؿ֮ʱͻȻ˫ۣ˵ø죬㾡ɣѾνˡ
ĻȻڵʧԽԽˡ
ॡһ
Ļһɣڵϣҡӣһ֮ɫţѵѵľ𣿡
̲סˣҪ뿪Ʋס飬ֱг˽ȥ
ֻǺܿ죬ִ˳
һֻһȥ弸ѾˣͨһֱӹڵأʣǺܲģѵҪϵЩΪ
Ǻǣʵ̫Цˣô˼ò׵õ񱦲صĵͼȻǻǱҲĶԶκˡ״ΰЦţ˸оúܿ
λˣɫƽκε仯
ʱֲ΢΢˫ۣһֱеһλϣƺʹࡣ
Ʒһֱڹעɫ仯üͷ£ѭĿһλ˵ϡ
λ˿ʲôرֻ֮ʵﵽ˰λƷʵ벻˵ʲôݣ˵Ĺϵ϶ͬһ㡣
ҲҪҪõ񣡡Ļ귢ĽţЩɫǽڣŭ뵲סңҪ
͵ģĻǰԶİɫǽлȭֱ˹ȥ
顱һ
Ļֱӱ˻ǰɫǽ˿ڵĻ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ǺǣĻ꣬ǷɣҪǿԽЩݻ٣ǻɵɵĴʲôЦĻǱģʹ졣
Ļ˫ۿնűصĺǣĻԵúǷϣһӡ
ҪûĻͲˡǵ˾ĵţûڲѡ
ɫ鶯һ£ſҪ˵ʲôȴڡ
񱦲أûˣһжûˡЦţ߬еĵͼŭҵõⶫʲôã
˵գ㽫еĵͼ׷ҲҲûʲôˣΪ˶
ǵͼƮ¡
֪ΪΣڵͼµһ̣Ʒ˫һֱڿǵͼ
Ҳ֪ǷǴƷͼеģͼȻĶƺڱ仯֮ȫͬͼ


1221 Ļ
ǡƷ˫ǵͼãȻ͵ץеĵͼеľͬĵͼϡ
Ǵ
ƷԼǲ̫ƣˣֿǵͼϵͼȷʵڶƺµͼһ㡣
ƷִŰӣ̰ЦǺǣƷ磬ͱ׷ĻˣѵͲһĹڲãҲˣ󶼵ˡ
ƷƺĻһ㣬ڱȽݵͼȫǳˡ
ʱֵֻ˰ˣ˵ʵƷ磬Ǻ㣬ҪûĻ츳ͻ񾳲ûпܣα̤˻ˮأ˶٣˵̫̰ˣҲע
ᣡԲᣡطҾԲҪĻ귢ĽţƺѾʧȥǣ趯˫֣Ȼʹ˵Ƿϡ
ǺǣĻ꣬㻹ʡɣȻø졣ЦڶѾνˡ
ľ𣿡Ļܱĵ䲻ʵսȭͷõȻҲ䵽ⳡǱľ档
ʵҾͦõģѾ̫ˣǲǾúܿЦһɬ
Ʒǵ֮ԣȫûһ㣬еĵͼ벻ԶϵĵͼȽϣⲻǴ
ʲôͻȻʵ
ƷûлشΧˣͻȻеĵͼ˹еͼϵͼҲȷʵڶз˹ı仯
ͻȻ
ƷͼĽеˣǵ

һ㶣Ʒ羹Ȼͼ˹һ˼ϲĽš
һӦ˹ȥʰǰĵͼȻƷһ˹Ҳ˵ͼеͼڷŹı仯
ϣˣȻǵʵ̫ˣЦĻԭǷϰͻȻ˫һĳ˹

磡
СǵƷǰ˵ͼ仯
ͼô˵ǡֹסĿϲ
һξûģƷͷЦúϲ£죬ڵͼеҵһȷ·ڵķ
ǲǿ뿪طˣС˷ܵĽеһʱ䷴̫̲סҪ
ߣƷЦߡ
ȻһЦţ
Ʒһ㶣ĵסƷǣɱ⡣
ģ̫ˣȻ˻⼸һƷ簵Ҳ޾ɫʵôʲô˼
Ǻǣʲô˼Ʒ磬ֻ̫ˣȻҲõ뿪ķǾǻ׵ǻ뿪𣿡հЦ
ߣ˿ɱ졣һ
ȻɲһˡĻǰ˫۳ŨҵɱеĳָƷǵ˵Ʒ磬˫ʧĲˣǵҲˣ˫ȽϵĻϿռ˼ƣԹԵĽϵĵͼǿѡĻᡣ
Ϊǻ𣿡Сеչ˳޾ɫ
ƷһֵסСЦǺǣҲ֪ǵʧĲˣƴһĻҵȷĳڷѵΪߵ𣿡
һ£Ʒ˵ȷʵûƴĻôĵ죬ɾͺ뿪ˣϾƷҲǺǵ
ĻҲĬˣΪʱƷƴĻȷʵܲ
˶٣ƷֵУǾûúоݵͼ֮һûǵĻҪȥɲô׿Ҳֻʵʵ˵ҪǾԷ㡣
üͷеĳвƷ磬ξǺˡɱ˵ûоǣ뿪ǿɾûôõˡ
˵õ뿪ˡĻҲջ˳
ߡеһȥ
ǣƷ
ƷҲȥ
һΣߵĸȫǲһˣҲûײʲôͬҲµ·ߺܻܿǶԵġ
ƷǶ˷ܣϣٶȵȼȻڽеʱڵĵĺܿ죬ϣĶǺܴƷǸûԵƣ۸Уڰŵͼϵ·ȥ
ҲܼѾȥʧˣ˷ܵĴһߵڻſҪҵˡ
Ʒǽ׷ᣬĸǵ
ûߴɣ̲סʡ
Ҳ֪ܵöһѰɣҿɲװ׵ƷЦЦѵ㣡ǵø㣬Щһƻĺܡ
ԼƷǣѭͬһתתȥϵǰӽš
û뵽·ߵľ뾹ȻһʼҪ࣬ôʱˣȻûмڡֻҪûײͬǾϣ
ʱƣ˫֮ʧǳأֻʣ֮һҲǿҪӽˣʧҲԽԽ죬ڵѪҺҲʼʧ
ԣ˫ٶȶȫðźˮޱȵƣۣܵ־һֱǡ
תתת˼ŷ
ãǸղ˫˺һĻɾ;Բ뿪һߵþʵǱ֮ǰ࣬ڵʧѾҪݽˡ
ƷֵܣҡҡŴ˵ͨ죬µĲأƺѾҪֲסˡ
磡ˣͿ쵽ˣɲܷѲܸ𣿡ƷеΨȥ̼Ķˡ
ҲܸǵġͷƺƷĻЧҲƺΪغ˵ݣҧĽš
ƷǣʵҲܣˣǳ˵ģʵ̫ˡ
ҲƷûʲôĺˮˮһ㣬ĲҰףҲûоʹͣ²
ڣ
֪жãתһе֮󣬺ȻԶҫŲɫĹâ
һе֮У޼κεĺǣҲ˵ûҵڵĳҲȫһ
ڣҵˣϲЦɳĮϼȼͻȻҵˮԴһ㣬һӱʮ㣬ӭǲʹҫĵط˹ȥ
ƷзϣĹâһų˹ȥ
ಣಣ
һӰǶ˵һ㣬һǲʹ֮С


1222 
ͨͨ
һӰδӲʹ˳ƣ۰ֱڵء
ֵҵǣƷ˹֮󣬷ڵԾ˵ٶȻָšҲ˵Ѿɹ뿪ˡ
ߣû뵽ҲˡĻһһҲ˹
˴˱˴ˣҲ͹ǣȻܹ뿪򡣡Ʒ絭ȻһЦ
Ʒ磬ɱ̫ΣǲκƵġƽȴǴż־֮⡣
УǻΪǻǡС֮Աǡ
ߣ֮ǿǼǵߵζеĳ̲סҪֵӡ
Ʒ˵ڲ˵ЩʱɣǶ򾳶˵ж༬ְɡ
һ㲻ȥƷ磬Ҳһ˽⡣
ʱƷҲʼܱߵĻ
һ¶ʻ״ƷǸΧסˣͨΪȫʽڶܣһıʮڣȫһЩڽԿ֮󣬶һƬڣһɹɹϢЩ˳˸еϢ
ҵǣ⿴ǺܴУƷǵơԸоǣЩһɿµ󷨡
ˡƷͳ˵
򣿡Сɻ󲻽⣬˸оʮ֮⣬ûֵĵط
Сӣûʮڣֻеһڲͨһ򾳣ľŸڣδߣ߱ɣһ򡣡Ļ
һСһƷ磺磬ǵͼҲû˵ĸȷĶ𣿡
ûУֻ˵ҪҵȷĶڣͬʱʮڣΨеһڲлĻᡣƷص
ⲻҪô𣿡С޺޵Ľе
ƷЦЦȻѾû˶ƣƷҪʮҵƷ˵ܼ򵥡
ƷȴͻȻ˸⣬˵ȻҪʮ˲ſƽ⣬ɣ
Ʒ磬ȤζʵСӣҪκ
ܼ򵥣˫Ը㶨ڣܹƽɣƷЦʵĻᡣ
Сӣǲĸ˶ѣôţʵг˺档
Ļ֪ƷвٵĳޣǼʶߵܲƽƷ磬ΪҲ֪ʲôϷ޷ǾҪǵʵѡ
ûѡûǵĻǿ޷ҵȷͨƷĵ֮ɫֵȻҪǶֵĻҾԿԱ֤ǵİȫ񱦲ؿʱɲûƵġ
㣡ĻŭƷ磬Ļ굱Ȼ֪ƷһռұƷǵʵҲ
ˣкҪһ㡣ƷֵȻмķɣҪΪǱΪǻŹǣ
ȷʵǲʺ϶֡˵ͷƷ˵СӣӮˣ֪бӦͰ˵˼ɡ
Ҳף֮ǰڴʱ򣬾˲ٵ£ҪĻûƷǵİæǾԲеġǶĿ̫ˣò״򣬿ɲľʹ˰֡
Ͷˣĳ̰ޱȣǻЩɵֶΡƷ絭˵ìͷָĻꡣ
Ʒ磡ٵ⣬ǻһܻšĻ˦˦˵ŭѡ
ǺǣҵšƷ粻мһЦ
ʼɣҲ˷ʱ䡣˵
Ʒûлش𣬶ֱӻ塣Ȼ˵ÿһʵԽԽЩֻҪʵɣͲҪʲôʵ
Ǽˣŭɫ
ñɣ벻㾹Ȼôһ֡ߵû취ǲûҲʲôԦߣһ޶ûС
С֮ɫ׾ٵľͱƷ㶨ѡֻɫЩԣһֱһλˡ
Ļݺݵ˵Ʒ磬˵̫硣
˵գĻбƾֳһֻħӥ
ħӥڱȽϵ͵ȼĳޣмǿʹһλԲħӥĴڡ
ǺǣȻħӥ˵ôǺܴ󣬵ڸոպÿԵһڵλãԽǵʧĻЦ
Ļ꣬ò˵ٿԼһʧ
ͦģǿǻø㶨ĸڵλáƷƽ˵ֻҪܹǵʵͻԼ
ΣҲֻѡˡ
ţʾλ˳˵Ǹ˰ɣ
Ʒüͷһ壬Ʒ絣ǵĻǳˣΪɺϣλ֮仯ˡ㲻ɻͷɫ磬ô
һ£ͷûлشƷĻ
Ʒ缱ˣȻ֪Ǹ˵ʲôϵƷѲЩ˵Ĺ죬һӣ֪ܾȥȴһ˿ӦûС
磬סҵģеʱҾѾˡشҲЩ˺Щ⡣ǵʵʱǺܲƷִ
˲ӣ̧ͷһƷ磬˺˵ʲôȴֲ֪οڣֻԵúʹӡ
СҲһЩ⣬ֻ벻ס
ɵȵòͷˣʵôƷ磬Ѳ㻹ʲô𣿡
Ʒ粻¶εİ̾һӦûУʼɡ
һʾλߵеĵǰһޱӣƺѾʧȥԭеʶ
ţĻҲԼеħӰߵ˵ǰ
ƷԵúΣֻϣԼܹ벻ףűԼһһߵʣµǰ
ڣʮڵλöѾվˡ
ɾ׼Щ˽ȥʱȴͻȻסˣе£
Ʒɫһ˵ǵĻˡ
ǿ鷳ʲô¿˵ͷ˵
ڣƷȴһֵסƷҲûѡˣ˵ͻȻıˣ˻ȥɣһ㶨ǿǷǳģ˵㲻Ը⡣
һĸмֺھΡ
һ£ƷãֲһɫЩŹֵЦǺǣƷ磬ҿɴӲΪôġȻ˵õĺôܷأ
ѵôȥ𣿡Ʒ
ǺǣʲôģԸǣҪõĶ񣬶ʧʲôЦĻҲƺѾһЩ˶ԱôЦһĻ
̣ʾλ׼Щнȥ
λ˾ҪЩнȥסֽеȵȣҿȡһ˵λã


1223 ĵ
һʵ̫ˣСҲ㵵Ķ
ޣһ£ϱ¶հЦݣȻˣʵôȡ˭λأ
ָŶǰһλ˵
Ʒɫһһ˲ӵǺǰбԳ𸮣׼Ǻ˸С
˲䷴ӦȳƷ磬ҵˣֻҪĶһָͷصҾܹøס֣
Ʒֻ֣ͣεʵ磬ô£
ԲƷֵܣҡû취ɫʹΣĿ˸⣬λˣĬĬ˵Ϊҵĺӡ
ӣ
𾪲ѣƷҲɵˣʲôʱֶһӣһ¡
ȻҲȫ벻뵽¿ǵϲѡ
ƷֵܣӦûǰɣһʱұ˵һһӣȥѾõĺӣϡʹ˵Ҳ֪ΪֻұҪһֱȥģҵĺʹ࣬
λϵĺˣ˵ĻɫȻһƬ֮ɫ
Ʒסˣڼ֮Уȷʵ˵ϵ飬ֻǶϵϢȷʵȫ֪ʱ˼Ѿ뿪壬û뵽ϾȻ֮С
СȻҡͷ̾ϢϷתҲȫ벻
Ʒɼˣ˵磬ϣͲڵ𣿡
֪ʼջҵĺӣҲҶԲʹĲѣޱ˵϶ԲһжҷµΪҲźĸסҪףĸ࣬鶼Ϊġ
˵ţһˮһ˲ƺúܲϡ
Ʒɫͣǰϣû뵽ʹ£±еĻҪӼˡ
ϧǣĻϸһ㷴ӦûУ˾һ
Ʒŭѣʵ㵽׶ʲô
޹ذɡĻص
Ʒһֶ˵磬⣬ĺϻѾˣɲҪЩһĹƣ
ǰֵܣЩһʲô鶼óϵˡȰ
ߣƷ磬һΪǸأû뵽Ҳô
죡Ʒ
̧ͷ˫ͨ죬ɳư˵Ʒֵܣ֪鷳ܹұסҺӵʹҲãĲҵĺӾôȫˣҲΪ϶ˡ
磬ǺοأƷ̾
ߣǻǱ˷ʱˣǿûй򡣡Ļߵúʹ졣
ɫ鶯˵֪ҲȥȡҺӵλãôӦ
˵
һֻȡҺӵλã޹أڶҵĺӾԲܹܵκε˺ҾǻȥҲҪƴ
˼˻ֻʮ֮һĴʣԼ˵һ㶼صԣʹӦʳԡ
磡Ʒе
СҲǽԼȥ¶ע
ƷֵܣѾˡҡҡͷߵǶǰʹĵǰϤֱЩİףͰ˵϶ҾԲ˭˺ˡ
ȻĬĬȡϵλá
ƷǺεʹģ֪ȰסˣҲһ˽׵ĸ֮ĸĸжˡ
죬۵ĻͱҴɡƷ簵Ҳֻȥˡ
ľͲ𣿡ʵ
ɡƷε̾Ϣһ
ǺǵӣЦǺǣƷ磬ڿԿʼ˰ɣ
ߣҴ硣Ʒһ
ҿɲôáЦһѪӡ
ţǱվЩڵλãȻ㿪ʼǶ˽ȥ
ƷһֱĿıӰʧڶ֮С
һҪĻãĻεЦǿԺúôһƷˡ
ֻһߵϣҴлᣬ䶨ˡƷصʵȴֵǲѣʱŽľ
ҷȰñ̫šĻЦ
ʱ䣬һһĹȥʮȻûдκεĶ
ʱƷǶͷŽǵĺˮĿⶼȫǸڣţϣԼϤӰ
෴ϣ޷ٻˡ
Ȼ
һ
ЩͻȻһ죬ȴӦǴĸġ
ƷǵҲһľһ£ܿƷһΪǴԼһĶǻһɺǿĻС
ҲƷɫ仯ߵ⣬Ÿտʼأ
ƷûȥԼĸӿٶȣǺ޲ϣԼķܹˣĴʲŻԽԽ
飡飡
һľ촫ƷҲһ붴еǱˡ
СƷ¶˼ϲɫҲ˼ȻûнʣµڲûдκεķӦ
ԣͬǻΣա
ģͲһôáֻʣûκηӦˣôĴһ
ƷɫأĿǵڣ磡һҪƽĻ
ֱ˺һ
һ
ڳˣҲһ¡
Ļ͵Ĳһ£ߵ˵ħӥˣ
ˣ
Ծĵ˫ۣһʧӡ
Ʒ亹ĻĻ֮еϣִ˼֡ﻹǽľţֻҪûг֣ǵľ޷ƽ
ţֹ˺һ
飡飡
죬䴫
ֻɫüΪѿ˵ҲЩ˱ˡ
Ʒ缤ѣҲķǳĴѾˡ
ֱֹãһֱûдκεĶҲüΪĽţƺƷ绹ҪȻǺ޲ˡ
Ȼ
ЦƷ磡ҪʧˣΪҵĿѾˡ
ƷǶʱɫҰס
ҸƴˣƷŭʹѣСҲǱŭѡ
ߣʲô˼ŭѣ׷
ʱƷɱһʱ
ͻȻ
һϤͻȻ˹˼һˡ


1224 
磡
ƷǼסˣŵĶŴʱڶվϷЦݵ
ǺǣһˡͷЦƷںԼǸж
ƷЦĶˡ
ⲻܣôڣĽе
ɸ˵꣡
ءһ
˴סˣˣ
ô£Ļֱҧʱ򣬼ֱҪˣô
ǺǣʵЩڵʱ򶼿ܼڣֻЩڲǶģõĻܻûھͱˡҵΪѾɹڡЦǺǵĴӶ˳
ϣǲǾʧƷЦ
ûأͻȻɫһȵȥ
ಡһ
Ǳѭȥǵг˽ȥ
ߣ׷ǣƷ͵˹
ţƷҲǶг˽ȥ
ⶴںܳκεơ
ƷƴĽ׷ǣڱȽϽľ롣
ԼĪ֮󣬹ȻǼһʹ
壡
ȵһ֮УƷҲС
һ̣˱һΪȵĵط
Ϊǽµĵطһ޴Ưʯ̨ߣʯ̨һƬ֮ɫġ
ʯ̨ܣһƬڰʱʱһĻƺѾʯ̨ϵ˵һ㣬ʱ˹
ȣʲôطСȻʵоΪ£Щ͸ˡ
ǻӵµ֮𣡡Ʒص
֮ǿǺųƱȵ׻Ҫӿֲ׻֮£˻𣬱ɡ
ߣȻѾ֮ҲúúˣһƷ硣
⣡Ʒ۳һҲǱ˹ơ
Ȼ
¡¡
һ죬һɿֲϢ̾
ǿ
ɫ䣬׷ֵ
Ϣǿ÷ǱѰһɹɵѹӿƶƷǼҪѹѹˣֵüΪܡ
ѹӳ˲ãһֻعƽ
ʱ򣬺ڰоȻҫһǿҵĲɫâһ֮졣չʯ̨ľ֮ڣ˾ȵĿȻһ޴ʯ̨Ưںڰ֮С
ѭǲʹʯ̨һ˸Ųɫâʯ̨УɢһǿϢ
񣡡
˾һ
ҪˣĻ꼫̰ĿЦһ͵Ծʯ̨ٵĴʯ̨˳ȥ
Ʒȴ˿ûȥֹĻ꣬ӵбصͼж£ɲô׾ͿԵõġ
ʱĻѾʯ̨гɳʮ׵ľ롣
Ļļ̰ĿԶʯ̨
Ȼ
Ļɫһ䣬ͻȻĸ򱶣һʱûӦ̫Ļӻһ£ȥ
𣡡
һŭ֮Ļ͵ĴһµĻĻꡣ
ĻһһֱԾħ״̬仯ڵħʮƴڵ͵һתޱȾյĶǻϮ
Ļ꼫䲻ʵһ񣬲¿մһȻȫһƬ𺣣һµĻѾԼ˹
ģĻŭһûǱҪƴһԾԾʯ̨һҲôĻղڵĵϯ˹ȥ
գĻŵһ亹ͷƷȤζЦĻꡣ
ĻҲ̫ż˰ɡİĳĻ˵
ҡĻٶ죬Ϊһʱ̰ղŻĲҪԼʯ̨ԶһЩĻǿɾĻزˡ
Ҫ뿪óʮ򱶵ѹһñܹ֮𡣡Ʒ絭˵
ߣǲ˭ҲòˣĻߵǲʡ
ǿɲһƷһ͵ʯ̨˳ȥ
͵ģƷбԳ𸮡
ʲôʧЧˣƷɫһ䡣
ԭƷó𸮵ʱҲһƷʧЧˣǲһ
磡
СһҲĵǣ֮ǶϷ
Ʒɫأ뿪ʯ̨Զֲ֮ѹѾ˹Ʒҧأϵĸһħ֮壬ʵ
͵ģƷǰӳһľ롣
ʱһ͵ĻƷ˹
ƷҶ㣬ǳЩЩС
֮£Ʒֻ޹ֵԾʯ̨
˹ȥסƷ硣
ÿ£ﾹȻԿռơƷ级Ȼ
УԭҲݵԡĻƷ̵
бٳȥԡƷ
Ļ껹йɳ嶯ղǾյһĻĻֻ˻
˰ɡ˫⣬նŶֱ֣ϣʵҲǶһѣϲķ֣ܾȻûܵƣͷƷǵЦǺǣ˼ҵˣ
ãûʧЧĻ꾪һҲ˲ʲôˣ˳ȥ
ƷɫһݣҲٴγ˳ȥ
ߣ˭ҲסңһԦܣķȥ
ƷĻƴ׷֮Ѿȫӵ˼¡
Ȼ
飡飡
һŷŭݺݵµк˹ȥ
أһ
µܱһɹɾҵײһ£ܾҵĻζţȻû˵ȴѱ˻һЩ롣
ʱƷĻȴǷһ壬͵Ծϡ

ŭһֱ˫ƻԺƷĻ꣬ƷĻƺĬȽסһơ
飡
һ죬Ʒ˱ĽһҲԭղ
𣡺𣡡
һµĻ͵ĺϮ˹ڻζţҡ
ŭѣŭʲô˼ҵܣǸ뿪Ƕһ𣡡
Ҳһ˵õ񣡡Ļ
Ļ꣡˭ģҪûǵĻ綼Ѿˣŭ
ߣңЩҿ˲ٵ谡ҪΪ˶ԸƷ磬ҺαҪôĻߵ
ֻҲƿأҪǱƼңҾ͸ͬھŭɫ
ͬھʵûƷ絭Ȼ
ҲûĻŵ
ãܺãǿ湻Ĭģղѡ
ϣһųȥ
һ£Сȴǽסǡ
˼ǵĶС˵


1225 
ƾҲסǣŭɱ
ݣ
еĳС˹ȥޱȡ
С͵һתӭһɨ˹ȥ

ĳСϣĦһĻ𻨡Ȼ֪ССʯ̨С廯Сʵ͹ˡ
СӣһϵĽ塣
еĳȴ޷СķߣһһĿҪƵʯ̨֮⣬ǻʯ̨⻢ķɴܶ
ڣС͵ڳ˫ƣǰ˹ȥ
顱һ
ƽһʯ̨⵹˳ȥ
𣡡
һƺѵȺʱĻȻ˹ȥɫһݣܵǱ͵һڣͽȻѹԾʯ̨
峤ϣ˰亹ŭǰĻƷ磬ݺݵ˵Ҫ𣿡
ߣǱõҿɲΪŹԾһͬɥҲҪֹ㣬þ˭ҲõƷߵסĻꡣ
Ʒ磬仰ͦģҲΪĻЦЦհĶ˵ϣôȥĻǿ˭Ҳ뿪Ǿһͬȥʱٹƽ⽨鲻ɡ
룡ǾҪֵܼ˶á
飡飡
һ׺Ļܣ֮أҲҡš
ΪܵߣܼΪһ壬վüȣĻƷֻסֻǽ´֮ʹǿö࣬ζѹԽԽǿ˭Ҳ޷Ҳԭղ
Ȼ˾ҾǺȥĴЦǰֳһεľ롣
ڣ־£ƷҪصκһߵʯ̨ǲܵģûﵽĻ˷Ĺţ뿪ܿɾˡ
ݰĻ
ߣ⻹ǱҵģھͿ˭Ҫôһŭ
Ʒ絹Ǻ侲ΨнסһֵĻյļһ
ʱԶʯ̨ϣСü֡
Ҳλ˶ţһλϡ
Ǹ͸ӦκεϢǳʵǲСӡ
֣Ҫ²ֵĻϾԸģҾԲ˺һӦţסϣ㣡ƽ˵Ѿ˳ϡ
ɫʹ࣬⣬˵϶ļǲ㸸ĸ
Ȼһޱӣ̧еһһǿҵɱ⡣
֣ڿɲǸµʱ϶ûκεļӡɱģ
Ҹоǵҡ˵һʹġ
һȴ֪ΪΣƺ޲ɱ⡣
Զˣȵɱ
һ£Ǳеĳɱȥ
еĳһ裬ĿѾסϡ
Ȼ
еһλˣɱ
һ£˵ҲĹˣ׼ɱȥͻȻһλȴǽס
ŭһһնǺˡ
ݡһ
ݺݵǺ˵ؿϻһӣ˿ĲʲôѪҺһŨҴ̱ǵ
ǣһǺ˸ͺ޸оǳ͵ؿϴȥ
һ£û뵽һǺûκεӰ죬ִ֮䣬ֻ̧һǺ˵һ

˫һ𵴳һ͵ľǺ˾ƾУԱ˳ȥ
ô£Щ˹Ȼ⡣
ƷҲЩ˵Ĺ죬˹ǽеڤڤֻг׵Ļǲſɱǣ
ڤһ£Ǻ͵ı˹
Ҳ侲ҲЩ˵ĵϸֻнǺ˸Ƴʯ̨֮ܽ
ԣûֱӽ棬ֻǿţѰֵĻᡣ
ľؾûôˣһλ˷ĹƵú޷֮ˡ
Ʒŭѣеķ̹ڤЩڤô̵Ҳó
Ǻǣ벻֪ĻͦġмһЦƷҲһжǰͣΪĳ֣ҺαҪ
ߣھ͸㣡ҪҵܵκεˣҾһͬɥҵͣҾԿƷв͵˫һ̤µҵĻζ
Ǹӣ
ʯ̨ķΧǺܴСҽб廯ԱͱȽϲСԷӳʵ
ݣ
裬ĻеĳһĽϮС
СȻڱ廯Ҳ߱˾λʵŵ⣬չҵķ
Ծ֮ߣ͵Ļӽ£Сͷȥ
Смľһչݺݵļס̶ĳ
һΣԲߣͻȻڳһ֣гǿݺݵĳСؿڴ˹ȥ
Сһźһȭȭлſµ׵֮ӭһƷŭĺ˹ȥ
أ
һ죬ʯ̨͵һ£ȭƴСӵе֮ԼǰԵһƸСȭͷ㱻һǿľƷ˳ȥ
ƽһҲŲһ£׵֮ԵɲƣСǾ൱ӲĻȴСĶ֡
Сһȭˣ͵չ˫˫˸⣬ͬһ磬绬ʯ̨塣
循һ£ֻ֮ĻڽУӦҲǼ죬СĹ켣ֽų˺նһĽâ
âȥ֮Ӳʯ̨Ҳһѿڣһʹȫǿһ
СȴǺ޾ɫӭһâ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬һĵ⣬âСݻ٣һƬʯ
͵ģСһԾӵǰһƳİؿϡ

ʹһ˳ȥǱڵع䣬ֲʯ̨Ϲȥ
ˣС˹ɫ
˫۳죬֪СĶ֣ʹ˸ıܣСӣ֪ϺʲôϵҵĴ磡ҾҪ
˵꣬һ͵һɿֲϢڵѪҺǷȼȻȼѪƴˡ
峤ϣ˫۳죬Ȼ֪Ҫľٶŭ޷ȥƷĻľ
ʱվеĳϳŨҵɱ⣬üС
Сüͷ΢壬ȻоҪ֮ǰǿ࣬Сκεľ֮ɫ壬ڵ׵֮תȫĴʱѱ


1226 
ȼѪʵ
ʵǵʱƷǾ׼ˡĻʵָǵʵǿܿΪԵʣЩԴܾЩλˡ
˵ǵֶȷʵݣΪǿʵȥõ񣬾Ȼ˶Ź
Сɫأʵ޷õķӣȼѪһҪƴӣȷʵǼӦ
ƷĻĽţֽż䱣һֺƽƣƴž˭Ҳ˳Ҳûѣ뿪ܿɾˡ
Ʒ磬ôȥĻǿɾͱסˡ˵
ǺǣҵǻûеôƷһЦʵƷĵĻЩڤɲô׶Ը
ʱųǿµĿŭСݺݵ˵Ҵվֻ
һȥžۡС
ĶǾͿûⱾ£ɫһһӰ˲СǰĳֱСؿڱݺݵĴ˹ȥ
ÿ죡Сһ£ѾԱԼٶˣСʵҲģ͵һ࣬ĳһ˹ȥ
סСĶСܹȥʱ˲Ľƣ͵һתӭСĲն˹ȥ
СӦ죬͵ǰһϵӭһ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬еĳСϣһƬ⻪Ҫ֮ǰǿ˺üСϵڵֵҲһ¡
ߣǾͱ뿪ˣСһ͵һסĳ
循һ£еĳСеȵģԳ
С˫һ裬͵һһɿµĽ׵֮֮Уĳ͵Ϯ˹ȥ
֪С׵֮͵ɿ֣ɫһݣȵ񼶣սȭ
ƺ뵽СĹƣȻӦ׼
䣡
׾ȭͷƶһɾ޴µʯ̨ҲɼŭеѾעһȭУʵΪͺ
С΢һ£Сӣӭ˫ȭȭгǿԵ׵֮˫ȭͬй켣ֱ˹ȥ
أ
һ죬˴˫ȭĶһΪ𵴳һɿֲˡ
Сһ˫Ħŵ棬׷˻ȥ
͵ģСݺݵһ˦ŵٵĳ˹ȥ
ݣһ
Ÿոȶסӣû뵽Сôһִ֣֮£͵һǳյĴϼ˹ȥһѪŷɽ˳䵽ʯ֮⣬˲㱻ǴĻΪĩ
˶ѡС
˶ŭһҰްķŭ˹ȥ˫ȭһľȫƴĹʽ
СԵú侲ɵĹʱǴġϾȼѪʱޣֻҪٹһʱ䣬Сɵսʤ塣
ҲȻ֪˿̵ĴȥԿ
Ʒ磡Ҫ峤ϳʲô£˵ǵõ񣬾屩ŭȥ塣
һû¹㣡Ʒ粻мĻص
ǾԿһǿݺݵĳƷ硣
Ʒһƽƣ޾ɫӭȥ
Ļ˼˻һһƷ磬ɫһݣƷ磬Ҿв˵󣡡
˵գĻҲڵħѹƷ硣
Ʒɫأ˫źݺݵ̤ܣͬһӭĻ꣬һ֮˵
ߣ棡ƷһڵԪӿ˫֮Упսж˴󲿷ֵȫ·硣
Ļ벻Ʒʵǿ֮ࡣ
ʵҲƷ벻ģڴÿһ򾳵ʱƷʵĥеõ˼ֻһͻƵ֮
أһȫѹƷ磬һ߳Ļ˵Ļ꣡ɵĺ£ҪûĻ綼ҵˣ
ϻסһ˵ĻĽеΪƷʵȷʵѾвǡ
䣡
Ʒǵ֮Уϵ𵴳ǿƲҲǾҵĻζһڷĺܡ
ƷȻڽЩ򾳵ʱǿ˲٣Ͼһ֮Ļɶھλ⼶ǿߣֱѹ֮£ټﱾصѹƷѾǳǿ
ڣֱˣĻѹƷ磬ƷƴӭڵԪĵúܿ졣
ȻĻĵҲǲƣƴþ
ʱСսҲƺҪβ
ޣʱƲϵģʼ𽥵ı
СĹս
޳ܣֻ𣿡ŭСΣСԲ
СһӣȵӣЦǺǣ˵޳Ҳһսбɱң
ŭѣڵľѪȼţеĹΪңֹٶҲԽԽ졣
СɫʵҲôɡ
ʤ֣С˾Եİա
Ǳߣɾûôˡ
һλڤţҲڤʵǿģǼλͬˮƽǿߡ
Ȼ˵ã⼸ڤҲԵüΪĳ
ڤҲǺܴҪڤʯ̨ԵȻѰڤƳȥڤǽƻĺܣš
ѲĹһһ㣬ڤ겻ɢֲ˹еȻû˼룬ܵսʶڡ
Ӱ˲ڤŭһڤĺкն˹ȥ
ݣ
һƿ֮죬һͷ­㱻ն϶ɡ
ǣԭȥͷ­Ȼವһ˻ϴ֮ɫ

һǷͷ­кݺݵĺն˹ȥ
ءһ
ͷ­㱬ը˿ûüӦһʧȥͷ­ĺӰȰ˹һݺݵĴؿڡ
亹һִ֮£𼸷ӭһ˹ȥ

һĽ֮죬֮㣬ڤ˳ȥ
ɫ˼ȶסӣ̧ͷһĿࡣΪԭȥͷ­ڤȻֹĳһͷ­


1227 鲻
ŭˣȻһ˸Ƶ־أŭãͿʲôͣ
͵ģ˫һţ֮ļ˳ȥ
ڤһϲκεĸɫʣѪ䶢ųе
˶ѣһ˲ӵڤǰеĳݺݵıڤؿڡ
ڤʶӦǼ죬һչʱ򣬱ٵĵ˹ȥ
飡
һӲȴ֧ųһǽڤƴǰڤ׼ҪڤƳʯ̨ȥˡ
ڤµĲһΣУƴĵֵ
ŭѣһһĽڤˡ
Ȼ
ڤͻȻһɣеһͦ˹ȥ
ͣ
һ͸ڤؿڣɫ䡣
֪ǲǴڤоȻ¶һЦݣԲ֮ȥֵһʹ
ɫһ䣬ûӦһɭϢȴǴͷϮڤȻֽųݺݵĳǰͷ¡
Ӹƴˣŭһ͵Ľǰһ㣬ͷ­ݺݵײڤĸС
ݣ
һĴıϣѪ罦˳
ʹһͷĶڤӣֽųžʹŸ͵һʹڤһ嵽ʯ̨⡣
ֵܣƷ羪һȻΪ˶ԸһڤѾ嵽ʯ̨ϣͬھ
㻹ȹԼɣƷĵʱе͵ǿ˼֣ĻҲǺĬǿ˼
Ʒһ׺ѾҪͻƷߣпһѪҪ˳Ʒ绹֧ţȴڵİΣ
һڤѾ嵽ʯ̨֮⡣
𣡺𣡡
һѵȺʱĻӿ
ȻΣһ̡
ݺݵĽ˻ڳһƣصĳڤؿϺȥȴǽԾ
ڤδץסȴһɾѹȥڵĻɶֱӽڤմ
ͨһ
Ծʯ̨ȫ亹ղſɲˣ֮Ȼڤ鼶Ĳ֮Ҳ˲仯Ϊ˷ĩ
ƷˣһȫȥֿĻꡣ
ʱҡӣƿһ˿ڣֹסѪҺʧȴʵͷǱߣƲСһʱδܽܣֻٶվǱ߳˹ȥ
һ֮ԿڤȻ֪ϿѾˣһֱǷԼĺӣ˺ϡκһ˶൱ʵο֣˺ۣҪˡ
϶ʲôǵ𣿡Ȼĵʹţ˭ҲѶԼ֣ǽֻʣһ
ɱĺ޸оͬһλڤĹ
˿̣ѹ˿ڣʵ֣ҲµĶ֣ϾǿɶӵŲ֮
ݣ
ɫһݣĶؿϴ˹ȥ
һٶޱȡ
ɫʹ࣬˫ͨ죬˵ǲģҪֵ½ӲסˣΪܵʵ̫ˣڵҲĵòࡣ
ֿɴˣʹ˵϶ܹĻҲˣǷĸŮġ
һ£ƺΪЩĴʹˣɫԵüΪʹ࣬ԭɱھȻеĽҲͣ
ˣϲʵ϶ǲǼʲô
Ҳ֪ʲô֪ϾȻˣʹĽš
ԶһΪԾӣݺݵ˵ǲܵģΪڤʱˣǲӵκεʶ
ˣˣһ˵Զʧģν鲻𣡡ƷҡͷһЦ
ұ죡͵һ𣬺Ʒ硣
Ʒ޾ɫӭ˻ȥ
ʹ˻ţеĳ˳ȥ˫İͷš
϶
ʱһӰͻȻ˹һڤ߶ϵϣڤȴɱ˹
ݣ
ĳһŨҵɱֱؿڡ
ͫһû뵽һþ֮죬շӦǳѾԼķߣҪ뵲סһǲˡ
Ȼһ̡
һ£ͻȻ˹ǰڤ̶һŭһ˺ն˹ȥ
飡һ
һڤ˳ȥϴ˵Ҳͬܣҡź˼һѪ˳
ֵܣһ
û£һܶԸڤ˵
ϼ˫ͻȻѪ⣬Ȼɱȥ
϶ס֣е
һΣ϶ĻţȴɱֻǽĿɱڵֱ˹ȥ
һȥ
Ȼ˵һλڤȴֳ˹ס
ҹһȭֱ˹ȥ
ڤ޾ɫ˹ȥ
飡
һȭڤؿڣڤûκεĸоĻӾеĳһǿֱն˹ȥ
ɫ䣬ջȭƣһˡ
ݣ
Ϭĳյǰն˵ϡ
ʱѾĲ
ѵĵֵϵǿƹе֣ңӦ
ͷǼΣڿǷĶǳʹѡ
ಡһ
ڤɱ˹ųӻһâϮ
ƼأʵּôࡣڤӵŲ֮ڵ޾ڤĶ֡
ȵĽӰ籩ĹϮ
ţڤĹʵ̫ˣͲκδϢĻᡣ
ݣ
ɭĳݺݵĴļϡ
ʹһУ͵Ļȭͷڤŭ˹ȥ
飡
һȭֱӽڤͷ­ᣬڤûκεĸо͵һȭصĸ˹ȥ
飡
һѪ˳ȥ
һ˾ʯ̨˳ȥѾȥסԼˣʯ̨ȥ
磡
֣
ƷǴһ¿մһ׼˳
Ҳ˲ʲôˣһŭնϣҪϡ
ⲻ֪ϸûȥֵһ˼
ǣ˲˼ǣϾȻתƴĳȥҪٶȡ
ȥһ̣նӾȻѪᣬʹûڵѪᡭ


1228 ׷
֣
һİΣΪԷ⣬Ҳ׷˹ȥ
Ȼ
˵λڤ˹Ҫȥסϡ
ɫһݣϣôһأ
͵ģ˫һţһĳ˹ڤ˹ȥĽڤ
飡һ
ڤ˵ڵأ˼Ȧ
ʱڳ嵽Ľ
һ̣ƷĿⶼϣĻҲǽϡһжҪȡˡ
۽ϣѲη壬ʼϣԼʱҲܻԼĺӡ
ಣ
͵ĳʯ̨֮⣬һ£ſµѹֳĳıһơ
飡
һ죬˱ϸ˳ȥ
ͨһоյʯ̨
һ̣˶סˣŵǣԭֻʣһǵϣȻһ˾ȵľٶ
Ҳɵסˣڤ˵ڤ֮壬߱κεʶҲκεСԽܵǣϾȻ˿ơ
϶ˮһûа׷ѣԼĺڱˡ
ʱſʯ̨Ե̧ͷһƴϳţƺԵüܣռѹɲһܳܡ
ˣɫ䣬͵ı㽫̽˳ȥϽе϶죡סҵ֣
𣡡
һµĻų
ʹĽе˫ͨ졣ɱǣڵȴǿտҲʯ̨⡣
Ʒɫһͣˣ
ͽˣ˫һ裬˸Źа⡣
ɫһ䣬ͻȻ䲻ܿƵһȥֵѹˣϾ͸ܻˡ
϶סһҪסһģʹ಻ʵĽеƴ֧Ųӣ
ŭѣһƽڤȥ
ʱ򣬾СҲľһչͽȻһУļȥ
ŭѣҲ֪Сһæš
ת֮䣬СҲٵǱ߳ȥ
ϧǳˡ
ʹţҲƴҪصʯ̨Ѿܿˣռеѹıѹ
ϻǷˡ
ԭһеһѪᣬҲ֪ӺϾſǲ˫˵ҡҲû㣬ǡҴˡ
һʹѵĺ
ͬģʹǽʣǵϣݾ֮ʱϵڱˡʹ಻ѣȥѾΪˡ
𣡡
׺Ļ˲ϵӸûˡ
϶֣ʹţȴֻĿԼĺڻ֮Уʹ絶˱ճ
硣ƷʹѣƷɥ֮ʹжôܡ
ɫһߵ㻹ȹ˺Լɣ
䣡
ֱӿһǿƷ硣
Щú£Ʒŭӭ˹ȥǿҵĹ⻪Ƭռ䣬˿ûӰЩĹơ
Ļ⣬֪Ʒв󣬾Ȼɿ˶ĿƣȽһ˵
˵꣬Ļڳһ֣һȭ׺ݵĳƷؿػȥ
ƣҲ֪ƷвԣһƣƷشȥ
Ʒɫһ䣬ڵԪͷŶӡһĻĺҪԼˣԭ㶦߽֮ˡ
أ
һ죬Ļͬʱ֣ǿȻƷκһ˶Ϊ壬Ʒȥסֵ
ԣƷԪ廹û֧Ŷã̼߽⡣
Ʒɫ˺ݾֹѪڣȫ˫ܣ¾һҲҪƷƷɳȥˡ
ûأһͻȻһɾ͵һڣ͵һ£ƷǵҲǸҡһ
һ̣ͻȻֳһĳƷȥ
ĻҲֳŭĴƷ硣
Ʒ˫ȭѵ֣˫͵һţֻݿԾ
𣡺𣡡
һ͵ĻһƷ뿪ܣĳƷ硣
Ʒɫһ䣬ԭģЩʵ̫ˡһһӸΧƷ硣
֮£ƷֻſռеѹǻȺ֮ķ϶յ˹ȥ
ƷѾȷ뿪ܣɫһ䶢һĻ꣬ųһ⣬һֱĻ򦣬ٶȼޱȡ
ĻƺԤϣ͵һᣬݺݵסһ˱Ľסˡ
ǺǣӲңϣΪҶһûҲ̫СˣĻЦһǲм
ߣѾûüֵˣҲƷȥһ͵ֻӳһȭĺĻꡣ
Ļ߷ЦһӭֵסһȭϣҪԸҿɲô׵ģҾ˾ܱ˺ãѲ㻹ƷǵʱɾͲһˡ
ɻͷһڻĺϮǱƷ磬ѾҪƻˣвʣĻ꣡в𣿡
ⲻвΪǵ濼ǶѣٲȥĻƷʱ˭Ҳ̲ˣĻհ˵
ߣ͸С˰ɣһܣڵʯ̨зȥ
ˣƷɫ䣬ݺݵ˵ҾԲǵóѵģ
ţƷһյһƴ׷׷ȥ
ƷǿڿռеѹƷЩҲԽԽѡƷ׷֮£ҲҪ׷ˡ
죡һҪ׷ˣĻ꼱
Ǻ죬ȻԦܣҲóѹٶҲǺܿ졣
𣡺𣡡
͵ĻԽӵ׿񣬳ȺȺƷ˹һ˿϶ûУȫסƷȥ·
ƷѾûѡˣȵս
һ£Ʒ㻽˿ս
֮ǰƷûлսΪսûŷƷ紩Ͽս֮ܵѹǧ

ƷкһҲ˵ˣڵԪתſսķЩĳȺֱ˹ȥ
䣡
Ʒ͵ĳ˻֮УսķҲģ˻
ˣĻޱȵĳԾȻƷ绹пս
ȥƷŭһҧأ͵ǵȥʱҲֻʮ׵ľѡ
ʮ׵ļ̾С
䣡
һ޴ĻͻȻڶǿеסƷ硣

Ʒֽ޴壬ǻŭ˺նȥ
ݣ
һƿհ죬ǻƷһ˺Ϊ롣
ʱƷ׼ųȥʱԭ˺ٵǾ޴ûɢתΪһɿµĻˣ纣˰ľƷ硣
⡭Ʒɫ䣬ûӦ㱻͵Ļ˸ѹ˻
أһ
Ʒ羪һУǻ˸˻ȥ


1229 ƷΣ
䣡䣡
͵Ļˣϲ㣬ƷпսƷҲȥǿѹ
ˣƷɫأòײȶסӣһ;ݵķɴܶЩѾƷΪĿˡ
磡СҲƷǱߵľǿϵĹƣһȭһȭĺ塣
ʧȥЭڲϵļǵֵסСǿ籩Ĺ
飡
СһȭݺݵĻУֱӽ˳ȥ
ѪǱ䵹׿⡣
СŭһԾչȥ
Ǳŭѣ˫˳ǿݺݵӭųµСȥ
أ
Сֱӳصݺݵһ˦ȥ
ݡһ
а˫ǰ̵ѪڣŨѪ罦ʹˡ
ˣҸƴˣŭ˫һݣڵٶȳ𣬾ȻҪԱˡ
С죬˲ǰ̧һ֣ûˣ
˵꣬СǷżצ֣ݺݵĴؿС
ͫһĸоԼڵڷٵʧţϴž벻ʣȴ
СĽ龡ˣȻ͵һ˹ȥ

ʹһʯ̨⵹˳ȥںڰԨ֮У֮˲ɶ
磡Сһʯ̨ıԵƷȴżľ롣
ʱɫСʯ̨֮⣬ȴСٶƷȳСȥܹӦ
ǡСԵúΪѵӡ
ûʲôǣһȥƷСȻ㲻ȥСŻϮ

ĲҽͻȻСѭһ㾪㵵ļڤһĴǳĲá
ܴʵڤʵǲ֮ڵڤĶ֡
ʱڤĳ˹ȥɭĳǶһ㣬סɱȥ
СŭѣλһӰǱȥ
ݣ
ĳѾҪƽؿڡ
Ѫѵ֧ӣڵѾĵĲˣûзֿŭȵҾҲ˵
Ȼ׼ǿֿ֮УСͻȻ䵲ǰɱڤһ˻ţ
͵ģСһֱӶڤ̶ĳץ˹ȥ
飡
СıסڤеҲ޷ٵݽһ֡
ڤ˫ͫ⣬ȻеŪ˫֣ǳС˹

Сһһȭڤ˹ȥ
أһ
ڤȻûиоκεʹСһȭʵΪǿǿǴﵽ˾λڤ޷ֵӱ㱻ʯ̨⵹˳ȥ
𣡡
׺ݵĻûӿڤΪ˷ĩ
ţСתʵ磡㻹ðɣ
û£ҡҡͷǵǵűڻȺеƷ磬ʹԼΪȥƷ硣
С΢΢˵ͷ־֮£СѾԹȥˣǻĻСֵóܸǿѹǾ͸ܹȥˡ
ʱŻ˹ʹѣ˵ⶼҵĴΪҵ˽ģͲҴô鷳
֣Ƕûй㣬Ҳûסϡ˵ǵĻƷİΣˡ
⻰ԽھΡ
С˫۽ĵľƷİΣ
䣡䣡
ŰĻĻˣŵĽƷסˡ
û뵽֮ı˵Ŀ¡Ƕܵ˼Ӱ죬ΪڳؿռеѹǻӿŰʱҲûζ
ľ벢رԶڵĴ˵һԽļҲǿɹȥ
ʱƷڻ֮Уȵĸ°ſֲѹѹöƷ͸ڵԪҲڲϵģΣա
ǣƷûѡ񣬻ȥǲܵģĻκһ˵õһ
Է
Ʒһ˲һ󣬷ĳ˻֮С
ճеʱһɿµݺݵļѹƷķ󣬵֮Ŀ£Ʒķ֧һ㱻֮ݻˡ

Ʒ籬һɫһݣֻſսķͳ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬˱Ʒǿгɢ˿ƷҲŪǱչ۱˲Զǡ
ֻҪڣǾõ񣡡ƷŭеڽԪݺݵĳ˹ȥ
ǸҪķӣԵЩŵ˵
ǷҲøҹȥĻе뿪Ľ֣ųƷһĽâ
Ʒ޾ɫ˲һ壬ӭϮĽâе˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ƷȻǽâݻˣƷ籾ʵҲ˻ȥʵܡ
ʱҲĻǳĬƷ类˳ȥʱֳƷŭĻӻһâ
Ʒ磡Ѿ·ˣЦ
Ʒ羪ŲѣԼѾ˼ԪмѹƣƷֻҧ۳һĹ
¡¡
һľ죬ƷƴӭĻͣЪĻһâȫͲƷκαƽĻᡣ
ƷԵֵЩˡ
ݣ
ƷһʱӦһâƷ硣
أһ
ƷһȻսжס˴󲿷ֵľǾȴǿԲһǿĳʹƷûܵκεƣ˻Ǳȱ˳ȥ
𣡡
һֳûϮ˹ĺƷ硣
ƷԪĵ̫ˣܹ֧ŵǷǳˣ͵ĻƷ缸Ѿȥֿˡ
䣡䣡
һһĻҲǷĺƷ硣

Ʒʹһü˱㱻ǻϮ֮У׹ںڰ֮Уǿ֮Ϊµĵط
磡

СǾŵĴţʵ̫Զˡ
𣡡
Сŭһʯ̨֮⡣
û뵽ǣС廯֮صѹ˱̬СıȶοƷľֻ֮Զ
벻֮£Сֻûع״̬ҲǼǳĲԾʯ̨
ʱ򣬳ЩĴŰĻѾʧȥƷӰ


1230 
ƷֵܣʹĹֳڵϣѵĽеңΪңҺƷֵܣ
ɫͣ˫۱ÿն񣬾ǳ֮ɫȭͷ߬Ѫ֮У޲ó֮С
ǲصģҴ绹û¡СͻȻ˵ΪƷԼޣƷ˵ĻСǾԿԸоġ
û£㵣Ͼ֮ǿĵطǲǿߣ˻Ǳɡ
ҴпսӦò£ֻǺֹۡСɫصĻصоƷĴеôá
ô죿û취ȥ֡
ֻˡСҡͷ̾˫ŭԶ𽥱ƽڵʯֵ̨ʵǻи˭õҲһǾԲŹǵġ
ѵǾûа취ȥֹ𣿡޺޲ʵ˵
Ҵпս޷ȥǾ͸˵ˡСֻ̾ϣƷܹ֮л
ƷΨֻʣĻʸȥˡ
֮УСǱˡĻЦţ˶ּ񽣶ǰ˵ϣ֪ʲô⣬ҷȰñһЩòʧ飡
һɣʱ̾Ļ꣬Ļ꣡û뵽Ҹев˾Ȼ㡣
Ǻǣ˴˱˴ˣҲû뵽㡣ĻЦЦ
ģҵòҲԲ䵽ɫһݺݵһ̤
飡һ
û뵽ܣ˳Ծ˳ȥ
㣡Ļɫһ䣬ͻȻʧȥߵĿƣ͵һĻһʱӦЩ׹˺ڿ֮¡
Ļ귴Ӧʱѳûɳʮ׵ľ롣
ȷʵܽƻƷЩʱڻڵĵطѾǺ̵ܶľˣɴܣҪһٳȥ
ߣĻŭһһԾڵƴ׷ȥ
𣡺𣡡
һ˾Ļ׷ᣬŻĺȻ벻ԶԽٽʯ̨ܵѹԽԽǿ
ҵˣϲ̰֮ɫھʯ̨ʣ֮ʱһ壬صԾʯ̨ϡ
Ļŭѣħ״̬Ѿ˼£ϮĻŭһ绯⣬ٵĴ֮ķ϶˹ȥ
ʱѾɹվƯŵľ޴ʯ̨ϣʯ̨󣬱鼰סӽĿʯ̨֮Ưһ˸Ųʹμɢһɹɿµѹ
۷Ƕһ㣬ǼʵĶ񣬼ĿЦһжҵˣ
˵գ͵ڳȥ
ŭһڵǱܣһݺݵĽصĻ˺Ϊ˷飬ƴĳʯ̨
СǵɫԵЩҰףõǾܹΪصǿˡ
Ȼʱ
ֻŸ̤ͽȻһɿµѹ

һʱûܷӦ̫˼Ӳʯһ㣬ͨһӲԵ
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ߣС㣬û뵽㾹ȻҲˣվԵЩǱղһ¿ԵĲᣬнųĻ˵Ļֻ꣬һţ֮úúи˽ˡ
ǵģȷʵҪи˽ˡĻصѾ񽣣ֻǸղűһ£Ļ˲ٵ
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ǺǣϿῪЦ㻹ܵĻЩ֣Ѿʧȥܣ㻹ʲôʱԸңĻõĻص
ǾͿûסңһΪľҪĻЩԼĪԶƴǱ߳ȥ
ҪûôףĻһ˫һ裬еĳ͵˳ȥ
ݣ
񽣣ų˹ȥ
񽣣˵ҲһħԿԵֵסƣƼǿԵٶޱȡ
ǿʮ׵ľ룬Ϯһɿµľɾʵ£ȻҪõ񣬵ǰҲñס
֮£ͻȻֹסΣת֮䣬ӦĻһϮľݺݵĺɨеĳ
أ
һ죬һϣǿҵĹ⻪һ£˼Щվȡ
ţĻ곯ֱȥӻĻСȻ˲ʮ׵ľ룬ɢѹʵΪ£ĻٶȺѰ˵ٶȲų嵽ǰ
ŭѣеĳĻһ޴ϰҪõ񣬱ȽĻꡣ
˵ٶȺͬеĹ켣ҲǺܿһ
ݣݣ
Ļ꼸ͬʱݺݵĶ˹ȥ

˫һ𵴶˽ųĽţŷŭ׼ҪһˣŭĿԡ
ɫأȻĻʵ񽣵ף˫ųЩ΢΢ǰڵĻ˵Ļ꣡ǻôܣ
ָģǸղĻһǷɽĽǳƷֱʡ
ȻЩС˺ôܲΪԼ·ءĻЦЦеҲԽԽǿѾǿһ֡
ѣȵ̤ڵϣƴ֧ĻıѹŸҲǼӲʯ̨С
ûױڵޱӿڽУʾ赲Ļ񽣵
ʵĻҲ̫ܣʵ̫࣬޷ӳ񽣵Ȼڿǿѹס־ýȥĻܲ
Ļƴ࿹ڵϵţ˭Ҳʾʹ˰֡
ߣһЦΪ˵õ񣬾Ȼƴһ
ҧҿȥ˭Ҳò񡣡ݺݵ˵
СǣǺģ߬ȭͷ磬һҪסϣɾˡ


1231 ޾Ԩ
ɢѹ֮ǿĻܵѹԽԽڵš
Ļ꣡ȥǿɶ
ߣҲܱãͱõĻߵš
ǺǣȻѾ²⵽Ʒõ˲ٵؾƾʵ޷ٿ̫ãҵҪܳŵ˶ãЦ
̫СĻˣĻ˫һ裬е͵һ𵴳һǿľ˹ȥ
һ˫ָеһ飬ŸĦŵ棬˼
Ļųһףȵħ򣡡
Ȼ֮䣬ͽȻֳĽâ籩ĳϮ¡һҲĻƷĽħĻʵħ򣬼ǿֲ
ôܣɫεȿ¹ĽδţЩʵڣ¡
Ļһ
ҧʹ˸ģеĳڵӿ׼ŵ򽣵ĺϮ
Ȼ
ĽϮ֮ʱμһɿµѹԵĽǹϸݻٶ
Ļɫһ䣬ħ޹ʱ٣ټ⵽˾ҵķɣдѪŵ˼⡭ô£
亹һ°ӣþòŻع񣬸оɿֲѹĴڣĶĻЦĽǿϧˣҵˡ
Ļ֮ɫղһֺľ˲ٵû뵽ѹԼĽùľͳôһƿ
ߣٺúʰ㡣һתڳȥ
ĻɫһݣŭֻҪҲóѣ
͵ģĻһһǷҰһ㣬Ϊ׺ĳֱ˹ȥ
ƷͬһģǷӣŭɫս˳תɱĻ꣬ȻҾ㣡
ϻ˵ĻŭһԾ֮ߣֱ񽣣ǿҵĺڹ⣬ɱڵĳͷ֮˺նȥ
۲мĻ𳤽ڵҫ۵ĽâŭӭĻһȥ

һ򣬱һƬ𻨣ѳǿᾢĳݺݵһ𣬵һɻʯ̨Ҳһ¡
Ļʵֲ࣬һƣҲǲ
ʵҪԶʤĻ꣬ħҲǺɿֵˡ
飡
һ죬˸һɫ˺һĻȴֱӵ˻ȥ
Ļľʹܣŭһڰ͵һתһշۻأһźݺݵš
Ǿ㵣ûӦ㱻Ļһ߸ţʹһǱĵɳȥȻص˵ڵء
Ļųڵϣһڵϣ˵ȻҺƷ磬ҲòƷ似ȷʵǾޱȣֻһʵ˲٣ʵϼһҵĶ֡
ȷʵҲƷһվ˵ֻϧһѾˣĽҲ޷õӡȻң˵ֻƤëѣɲͬղһֻøӴѾ׵ļŭңҲòʱɱ㣡
͵ģ˫һĹۣһȻʯ̨żƣٶҪĻˡ
һӣ嵽Ļǰеĳ֮ݣĹϮĻꡣ
ĻɫأҲ֪ʱʺӲƴֻܷţ˫ʽѰֵĻᡣ
ʯ̨ĶԱߣСǵǣǽ
ȥĻܡ˵ḻսĻǴڼ䲻ľ
ǵģĻܻܿܣõǵҲԶˡСͷǲʣڸ޷ȥֹǡ
ˣСƷֵܵľΣʵ
ѾоĴˡСص
ʲôоô˵㵡
ô£ǣʡ
ȻоҴĴڣҿԸоҴ粢ûȥֻ벻ףѵ淢ʲô𣿡Сҡҡͷ˵
ֻҪƷֵû£Ǿͻϣ˵
Ҵ硣Сͷ
ʱһ޾ĺڰԨ֮С
ֻƬڰ֮Уһɿµһںڰ趯šֻԨУɭ޵׶һ㣬ͼס
ʱƷںڰвϵ׹ӣصѹԽԽǿпսŴ󲿷ֵѹȻƷǿԵֵס
ˣڿֲѹѹ֮£ƷӼѾƲסˣڲϵԨ׹䣬Ѿ׹ʮӵʱ䣬Ȼס
˵ЩĳӦ֮ԨԻһ֮ľۼ֮
Ʒ׹ôã滹һƬڰͼףֻŲ׹䣬ƷصѹҲڳϵǿ
أټȥĻѹﵽǿȻս֧Ųˡ
𣡺𣡡
ŭĺЩƺܵѹƣһһ͵ĺƷӡ
ƷѾԶЩݣƷֻܲϵͷųڵԪƾſսķȥֵŻĹ
飡飡
͵ĳƷ磬ӿܶ
Ʒ޷ƿӣֻ˳ЩĹĴҷɣӻǼٵڰ׹䡣ƷҲ֪⵽жٴεľҪͨͨˣҲ˺ü˶ˡ
䣡
һƷϮݺݵĽƷײ˳ȥ

ƷʹһдѪԪ߱ƣˡ
áģȥɾˡƷ簵Ҳ֪Լ˴ڼʹû׹ڵףƷҲ֧Ųסˡ
䣡䣡
ͬʱ׺ϮĽƷȥ
Ʒʹ಻ѣռѹԽԽֲսѾ쵽ܼˣѾ࣬Ʒÿһ̶ڳſҪ嶼Ҫ˺Ѱʹ֮С
䣡
һĺƷһαȥϵĿսɫҲʼ޹أڿսıѾʼһЩССѺۡ
ɱСССѺۣζſսĳ쵽ˡ
ڣƷѾͷˣѾʼ÷ǳģˡ


1232 еת
Ϣ
ϢѾƷǳϤˡ
ƷڰԨУЩȻϷŹƷ磬һһƷչΪĹ
ʱƷѾľˣҲڵĿҪɢˡ
飡飡
һľ죬Ʒȫûκεֿʶɻ͹սҲΪԼǿȥֵЩĹֻǿսѺۿʼԽԽˣѺҲԽԽˡ
һ˵ڽӽһ̣еļӡ󶼻Ժһ飬ȻЩͻͨͨʧֻء
һĻĻϤĻ棬ϤЦݣ¼ĻƷԺ
ЩУкõģҲлģЩƷֵûļ䡣
ҲҪʧҾԲܷƷǼģʶֳȼһǿĵֿʶԺеļӡҲԽԽ
ȻƷͻȻ˫ۣһ
֮󣬻޾ĺڰС
𣡺𣡡
һĻܵƣŭĺƷ硣
Ʒ˫۳죬ƴĽԪенԪȫͷ˳
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ͣ
Ʒ˴ڵѪڵԪѾҪˣȻƷ粻֪Ԫ֮ʲôƷԲԪˡ
ţƷһѹԪѶܱܵߵָԪȻƷҲԲŹκεĻᡣ
ҲԲƷ־üļᶨڰֳһŭĻֳƷ硣
Ʒ˫һѾһľٶǾǽЩе֮ˡ
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䣡
ȺĻĽƷûƷ޾ɫǿнЩɢ֮ڡ
ϧǣƷܵĳƷ޷ȶգּǱıȥ
ֵҵǣֻҪ̫֮࣬ƷԳܵסҲǿЩ΢֮Ȼ΢֮ѰƷ粹䲻ĵԪ
ֻǣ鷳ǣƷ޷ӵоȶ̫ǿˣƷԿȥա
Ʒ˿ûзֻҪЩ֮գǱ㻹лᡣ
𣡡
ŭڰкֳܿ˽ʮ͵ŭ֮⣬ǵذ̾Ʒ硣
һΣһҪסƷеԪеԪٴαƷſռеѹƷĳơ
ʱƷ˫ŭЩ׼Щ
䣡
һ죬͵ĻȺϮƷϡ
Ʒ籬һƴסӡ
źǣЩĹʵǿ̫̬ˣһӱݻƷķߣƷʹһֳȥ
һΣƷȴǱ֮ǰ˲ٵ֮ΪһƷӵһӦתΪԪ֮ڵڵԪУԪԭĵԪǿ˼֡
ƷϲѾ˲ٵ֮ȼϣֻҪԼȫȥӦ֮žͿԽЩֱͨͨˡ
Ʒ˷ܵĽеҲֻƷôˡ
ƷĽкȣڰйȻֿٵֳԸоЩԵøӷŭˣ׺ıƷ˹
Ʒɫ뵽ֻҪԼһ˲㿪ʼգո֮
䣡
һ죬ȺĳƷ硣
Ʒƺ˻ȺĳٶȣڻԼһ̣Ʒ͵ջ֮
أһ
Ʒֱٴλ䣬ȻƷϣһ˲ٵ֮ԪеԪָֻ˲١
ֻƷԽԽռеѹǿÿ£սѾεѹѹĿҪˣƷ嶼ܵ˼ĳ
ոգ
ƷȫʹѾʼˣڵѪҺϢѾʼתˡ
ˣٶȼ׹ȥ¿սҪˡƷɫǺǿս٣Ʒɱ˵ȥӦ֮һ˲ữΪҽ
Ҳټȥˣʧȥ˿սǿɾͱˣҸô죿ô죿ƷҪץԵţ벻ȶסԼİ취ϾƬռʱѾʧЧˡ
뵽ڴˣƷڵԪַתƴҪϿմȥʹǳ岻ȥҲԼ׹䣬ҪȻɾҪѹѹˡ

Ʒһڼȵ־£ƷڵǱܾ˲١
ȻһƷɹˣƴȫԪ֮£Ʒȶסӣնںڰ֮Уȴȫһ׹壬ܴĴͷԪ
ɡˡƷ˵ʮ򱶵ѹƷ缸ѾҪȥеԪ
𣡡
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Ʒһ˼֮£ǱЩĳٴλȥѾһǿ֮Ʒ缫ȥա
̫֮࣬Ʒѹգ֮ƷĴҴڵѪҺҲӿ֮ɡ

ƷʹĲҽһҧһ㣬֮Լ棬սӻƷҲӻסˡ
ѹƣգ
ƷűҪӵʹһ֮
ڣƷһŬ֮£֮ڱˣƷ絤ڵԪڵõ֮֮󣬱Խӵǿʵ
ͿҪӦˣƷ缤ѡ
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ʶƷʶΨгȥſл·
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أ
һǿҵ죬Ʒͻػֿʼٵ׹䣬Ӵӿ
ѵҪ𣿡ƷʵţӴ֮ټϿֲѹƷǾ޷Щ֮ġ
ʼԽԽƽ
һ̣ƷͻȻúܺЦ֮ǰŬľô׷
䣡
֣Ʒ磬ƺҪƷĻС
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ݣ
һƿհƷĶ߻ƷͻȻֳһ⣬һɫۣ۾ʵڣȵĳƷ¡
Ȼವһ
ǵ۾סƷӣܹǺϮµһٵĴȥ


1233 
ҡôƷγһ㣬һŰӣû뵽ԼȻúõĻţǣƷǱһǿƶŲϵϿմȥ
Ʒĸ߶ȣصѹҲʼϵĽ͡ϾƷ׹̫ˣѹڵƷ˵Ǻܴġ
֮£ƷȥͻȻڿͳһ
ʱƷҲ˲ȥˣõǹƷ籶ţ׼ȥĹ
Ϊ֮ǿƷûȫӦʱ򲻸ΪĽͨͨգֻڵֵɢЩ֮ٽյĻƷ˵Ǻܱյġ
֪Ʒľͣھλ۷ѾܾˣͻҲֻһ֮ңƷԤУԼõͻơ
һ磬һżڻжһҲϸļأҲƷҲ֪һʲôⶼҪƷԼȥġ
ʱȺĻϮƷϣƷҲʹеȥֵ
䣡
һ죬ȺƷϱɢ˿ƷһܵȺǿ֮ƷҲ׹䣬ڻš
Ʒ缫ϲ˷֮ܵеԪǿʵвϵ׳Ҫѿˡ
ʱƷͻȻ˸󵨵Ĳ룬ʵƷһֱڵԪܻ֮ȥԼܾΪƷľһֱͣͲǰ
뵽ڴˣƷ簵ľƴһˣ
һΣŻȺĹƷͬȥƻȺû֮ȻתӿԪС
ԣƷѾȥ˼Ԫˣ֮תΪԪעԪУЩͻƵҪؿڡ
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һһĻ֮ǰƷµĻѾΪƷʵУƷҲյĸӵ֣ѾҪȫӦ֮ˡ
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ʱѾȻ޹أƷ翴ʹѣȻСֻ𽣵Ľ飬ƷСѪ
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ҲֻһܣСȻڳ˯УֻǱܵĸоƷܵΣգ˯еС㲻ˣƷŻ޷ӦС
С顭Ʒʹ֮ɫ˯еСҲܱʶȥԼСҲҪĴۡ
Ȼ
ð޹ص𽣣¿մȥ

ƷʹһһǸ𽣳ȥ
ಣ
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ʧУһȺ͵ĻȺ˹
Ʒʹ֮УûиоЩѾ˹
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һĻˣЩɢ֮Уϵʱ򣬾Ȼ˼˽ȥַ˵Ĺâ
Ʒһ£͵𽣣оͻȻ۳һƷòŷӦϲԭˣ
û𽣿Ǻεȵλͨʹùô򵥵Ļᱻ֮׻
䣡
һ죬һȺӵ
ʱƷ羹ȻЦЦС飡ֿԲսˣ
͵ģƷ羹е𽣣ӭЩȥ
䣡
ȺɢƷ𽣶ڷ֮
֮Ȼ֮Чھ֮Ĵ֮еҲڿٵĻָš
ȻƷҲڲϵ֮оͻѾٽˣеԪھҵţѾʼƿϸСѺۣѺɢĽ⣬Ըокһδ֪µ

˿̣Ԩ֮ϣڵʯ̨еҲǿ쵽β
Ļŭƴɱɢǿѹ£ĵء˸һƣ˶Ƕ˺ֻۣҪĻࡣ
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һ죬Ļȥ
ֻֻ˺סӡĻȴ˺üĽ֧ڵأǿסӡ
Сһֱڹעǵ˺ҲƷع顣
ڵѾȲʤˣֻҪõ˶
ȿȡĻѪҡӣŴ˵ҡǾԲġǺǡʵֻҪ١ٹһͻǣǡôҲ֪ˣ㡭ϼһ
ˡվӣһ֮ɫ˵ҵĿֻǵõѣȻҿ׵ɱ㣬ѾûȤȥ˷ҵҪĵط޷סˣ
Ļһŭ
ȥĻ꣬ƴ̰ȥЦҵˣ
Ļƴ׷κභѾãʵãȻѾĲˡĻĽŲʼԽԽʵӽ
ڣˣʱҲҪľڵһжѾҪˡ
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Ļ˫۱ÿնûֹ
СҲǼǽŵֻڽӽ
Ȼ
ǿʱ
䣡
һ죬⾪ȻһʹϣĴը˿

һдѪ˳Ǿ˳ȥ
һ̣˵Ķסˡ


1234 
⡭
˼ǳԾһĻʵ̫ˡ
ⲻѾ񣬾˵ӵŴе˭ܵõ񣬱ͻ
żơ
ܣʵĽһ֮£һѪ˳ԭʵĵĲ࣬µǿѾ⵽ش
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ֵ֪ܹסѹǰ̤һͨһڴŴܡ
Ļ꼫ǲ죬һƺ뵽ʲôЦǺǣҲôˡ
˵գĻ㻺̤Ųӣ񴦱ȥ
ŭĻ̧꣬еĳתĻ꣬ݺݵ˵Ļ꣡ҾԲȥ
ƾ㣿ĻһĵǱ˵ϣڿɶѱˣƣȼѪҲûУ㻹ʲôֹң
ղѣͷֱ۽ڲԶ񣬿ھվûУھһλͨλ׾ٵɱ
Ļ϶ųصĽŲѹѹȲĻҲʹԼĽŲǰС
һһĻ꽥ıƽ
ʯ̨ϵСǣҲ۽Ļ꣬ɫأΪҲ֪ĽƻûдڣԸоĻš
ҡҾԲõġҵġ˵ƴҪӣκȫǱѹſʯһ㣬Ѷ
ʱĻѾߵǰӰ䶢˵ϣ֪ͻȻҾÿΪ͹ĵһʹ񶼲Ǵ㣬ܶڰ͹˵һ
㡭졭Ѫеĳһ䵹ڵأַĳڵϣ̧ͷŭĻ꣬޲ýĻʬΡ
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Ǻǣϣ浱޴𣿡ĻЦûȷʵнƣȻʲô˼һˣǱᴥƣҲͬʱὫƽԵһˣҲǾܵõ񡣡
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ǵģҺšĻЦǺǣҲøл㣬ҽ˽ƣҲô׾ͿԵõˡ
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ס֣Ľе˫۳졣
СǽĶĻ֣ѵĻ˵ǽǵһˣҲ̫ù˰ɡ
Ļ߷˹Цݣ룬ξûģ
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С𾪲ѣȫĴסˣʵǵĸоҲ࣬ɫȻĻõζҲڲԶˡ
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䣡
һ죬ʯ̨Ȼ˿һɿֲˡ

ҽһֱӱǿ˸Ʒںڰ֮УȥǺڰеĻ˲ɶ
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еʱС޷ټ֧ȥˣǿ񾢵˸˳ȥ
Сҧأƴг롣
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ҵǣĻõļ̳֮ռе򾳶Ѿ߽ˡԵСеʱҲܵκε
ֻǣЩ򾳶ѾҪˣСǱ򾳻ȥ֮ǰ뿪
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಻ϵıը֮£ֲ֮£Щ򾳶ڷвϵݣڵĺһ㣬ӿûһС
ʱƴӣͷҿκһۣǱܼĳÿһ򾳡Ȼ򾳵Ѿˣÿһ򾳴ڵĿռ벢޽Ҳǻкܳһξ뿪
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Сش˼Ѿվˣѩֻڷвϵıƽڡ
ݺݵҧһָԼСĳС


1235 ǿͻ
ಣ
Сڳ
أصˤڵء
աһҲڵҲڿݽߣѾˡ
Ӿлع񣬳ʹ˵Ʒֵ
û˵꣬ڱȻ䱬ը˿һɿֲӿ˳

ˣСɫ䡣
˾ֵǣڻȥУͽȻһǿ֮ȻҪСǸȥ
ͷȥ㵵ķ֣ԭоȻ֪ʱѾֳһµĿռУһƬնڰǿǿռ֮򣬱ĻǾǷǡ
ߣ
СĽе
ǣСȻ޷ȥɿֲ֮˳ΧɳСҲűǿռгȥ
СƴɸͿƲסӣڽѺľĵȴűС

ʱ˭ܾȵǣ
ҲҪطСɫĽе˫ҪץڵأץɳУûпԽκ塣
һ̣СѾȫıһţſڵأȻĵҪǰһ
䣡
һ죬ռбԽԽ֮ԽԽǿ

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ৣৣ
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չȥɳĮ֮УǵռѾʮ׵ֱСڷΧɳǺȻ
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СͷϲκεЦ֮⡣
˿ϲѣƷϣˣҲϣˡ

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𣡺𣡡
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Һϴ֮£ƷԭѵĹȻµõ޸ɱ䣬˼ǣƷȻһ߻ƽɫǼܣҲǸǿ̣Һתڸ֮УƷҲڳʼαǿţԱϿսǿȡ
Ʒ֮Ҳõȫµ̫飬ԡһ㣬ƷĻԶ֮ǿٱǼɱ䡣
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ǡƷ羪סˡ
鵤Ӥ̥ǵɱ䣬ƷԪӤɲͬΪԪӤȻǽɫԪӤǿĽӤΨӵеĽӤ
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ͻˣͻˣƷϲһǿޱȵ
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ӤᣬǿղſȶӤĳ״̬ˣĽӤܾͻǰ֮ǸƷȶӤĻᡣ
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Ʒݺݵĳ͵֮УĽ֮棬ѹת֮ӿڵеĽӤС


1236 ħĻ
ʱɳĮ֮УѾɳʹ˸ģеҰ
֮Ʋγһư㣬ޱڣ磬죬ƾ͸Ϣ˸еϢ
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Ȼ֮䣬ϱȻ٣ǿ£γһǿҵķ籩ǿгӿ֮С

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ѰѾ˶ȥˡٷ̾ƷǵõǾԲġ
Ժô죿ʵҲ֮һĴļаλʵ
ڻô죿ǶѾ뿪񶼣ҲӦ鷳ֻԼˣֻһЭˡٷɫأֵ˭õ񣬵˿϶Ҫ񶼲Ҫֵסڻ˾뿪
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ˣ˲ſ˳Ĵг룬ֻҪˣҲѾҪˣ˲ǽҪġ

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𸮻عƷУƷ̸Ц㵵Ļ̵ôΰĻղŲ˵Ҫ𣿡


1240 漶֮
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Ļ갵ѣĳ񽣣˫ȴЩķŽǰƷеƷ磡Ÿոͻƣôʵǿô࣡
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1241 Ļɱ
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𣿡˵ԵЩˡ
ʵҺܲף͹ʵȻôǿôʹأѵǰܸĦ˹Ħɻ󲻽ʵ
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ǸӣƷڸոճ漶֮ĻǿбʵԺӰǷǳġ
Ʒ֮ԲҿħԭҲͺܼ򵥣еĽӤȫȶ״̬ħĻǿýӤеԪǿڳӤ̬Ļܻܿ⵽ɣֽܻӤѵΣգһ㾭ḻǰѽѹƷˡ
˿̣Ļʵħ״̬֮ԱħнʵƷһεľ磬Ӹ°Ʒ磬˵Ʒ磬֪㻹һ֣Ŀħ֮廹δչ¶ڵɾǲҵĶ֣
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ȷʵƷ绹ڿţħĶڽӤֳʼ̬˵ʵ̫ðˣԿħ֮ĻּĻĶ֡


1242 Խս
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һǿҵ죬Ļ꾪һУڵĻЩɹĻ˳ȥ
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᣿ʲô᣿ʵ
ƷĻܼ꣬򵥣Ҫħ


1243 Ԫһʽϣ
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ȻƷǲװ׵˷˿ԴﵽнǿȵħڻеʱƷΪ֮ԪƷȴǵ͹˽ӤеʳǾͼһ޵׶һ㣬ССĽӤȻҪӴܵõǿס
ڣĻѾǰʲô⣬ǾĻչȻͲκӰˡ
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Ʒ˼ƷǶĻħڱصˣٶͷŸǿһǿ
Ļŭɥʧе侲ƷǺ֮ǣ˫۱ѪɭâĿ˻ţӴħӿĹעУذϢŰš
Ʒ𽣣˫˸⣬Ļ꣬ڹԪΪһ塣ĻúܴƷĻһ׵ʵӵƷҲܹռݼơ
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ʹıӻ֮£Ҳھҵз׷ѣƬȺӡ
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֮Ļȼһĺڹ⣬ɭĺâѾڸסƬգ·ѾΪ˺ڰ֮С
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ˣ
ǿҵţǿҵĻӦƷ磬սⰻȻֲĽй


1244 Ԫһʽ£
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ĻԱŵޱȾ޴ĺ̾ڿգǼһƷ硣
Ļָ߾񽣣ƿһӴţؼΪǿµħѾͨͨϣϵħԽԽǿ
֮䣬ѹҵĲţƿһѺۣ˲ǣĿԵֵסλ漶ǿǿһ
ĻЦţԵüΪķƷ磬Ʒ磡֮ʤܣڴһ٣ĻԲ
ƷĬѹĽԽԽǿҲҪ龡ƷеɢĽǿнܱϮħɢ˿ȥ
ĻΪЦ֮УɫԵΪأоƷѹĽѾ㹻вԼ
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ƷֵܣһܵģϽƷ磬ϣ

磡
Ʒ磡
˵СǣԶ֮ĿǣЩƷ׽ˣеϣƷϣƷھ˵ܹ˴ϣ
Ʒ磡Щб΢ˣǶһͬɣɭ֮أǴ硣
䣡
ֲƬռҪһ㣬ĺڰ֮ӿ£Ķħצ̾
һ̣˵Ķ
䣡
ŵ޴ĺӿƷ硣
͵ģƷ˫һ裬ֱ貵Ľ⣬ֽ𽣣ޱȵĳһԪһʽƣ
ƣԪ꽣еĵһʽ֮ͬνƣǽһصĽΪһ壬ͬ˰ٱĹ
һУԵԽսǿߣҪ龡ӤеԪƷֻܵһλᣬܹһĻɱĻᡣ
ݣ
һµƿ֮죬Ʒ翴ƼƽһѶһʮ֮ľ޴âĽһ˲㽫ϮĺΪ˷ĩ
䣡
ֲľˣͬһ㣬ӿϮ֮£Ѿ֧ŲסˣһѺ۲ϵ룬ٽĵ׷ױ
ԻָһЩǱӣܵǿҵشıɢĴ
䣡
һ죬ǿ͵ѹٶȳϮ£ԭͿҪ֧Ųס󣬱Ȼ䱻ݻ٣ǵסͬʱݻ٣˵
ţҲԸԳеͨͨľѷ׷ʧֻܱȻصˡ
ƵʵǿųĻǿһȻƷһݻˡ

Ļʹһ⵽˾ҵķɣһεĽݺݵĳĻڣͬҧһ㣬ƬĽĻŰţݲĻ壬Ļʹ಻ѡ
ಣ
Ʒɫŭ𽣣ȥ
ܣĻ꾪ֵĽеּǲʣɫһݣŭƷ磡ҾҲҪͬھ
Ļ˫Ŀ죬ӿʼţ׼ҪԱ˼Ļ֪ƷĶ֣ȻҪԱˡ
ݣ
һĽ֮ХĻŵļͷ֮һ˸Žâľ޽ѾĻԶϴ˽ȥ

ĻͫױͻʱһƬ㱣ͻȻ޷ˣһɾҵĴʹĻͷȫԭ׼ҪԱȻסˡ
ʹ࣡µʹ࣡
Ļھҵĳ鴤ţΣŨŨѪҺĻԭף̼תΪ˿־
Ǻǣ벻ɣһϤЦĻĶƷֶ֣ĶĻꡣ
㡭Ļʹʣ˵ûˣ̸²ʵ㡭ôǿΪΪҪšŶԸҡ
ѾѹˣڴﵽнײεʱģǱǿɾͲͬˡ֮ǰұðһƴȫ֮ұһٽ㣬ȻħȻȻһЩ˵ûκӰˡƷЦ
㡭ñɡĻŭ˫ÿֱѪֱͿɱˡ
ұɣ̫̰ġƷڣԹĳޣڿԱˣΪµ¶ΪصĴۣ
Ļ겻Ŀ˵졭ɱңҸʹ졭
ʹ죿ˣҺ֮ǣҶǺ֮ǣƷɫһ͵һƳİĻؿϣһֱʹĻڵħԼڡ
ڣĻѾΪһ壬Ļ˾һ

ĻʹĲҽ֮󶼾ëȻɵóܶʹడ
Ʒޱ飬ϵĻڶħȻתΪԪӿڵеĽӤСԭʹð֮󣬽ӤѾԪ
ڣƷõħ֮ԭĽӤҲʼٵǿӤ͸ҲʼԽʵ
ƷǸĻʹƷ磬ǲģȴΪֻڵħϵıƷա
¿֮˿þ㵲ѣû뵽Ʒ羹ȻĻħˣƷʵøӱ̬
ʵͷƷģĻ겻һýѡ
Ʒ絶һ㣬ͺĻŭĻħеĽӤϵ׳ʵ

ʹĲҽ֮£ĻǾ޴ֱӱƷ˸ɡ
ȻƷɲʹ˷ŹĻꡣвһ𣬳ĻȥĻӿ˹ȥȻֿһļĻĻҲˡ
ţĻҲΪ˻ҽƷҲĽ񽣸Ͼһħ
˵ˣҪ㸶ĴۣƷ簵һ̾Ϣõǿ
ĻˣĻ걻ˣ
γһ㣬ϲѣƬƬȺ׷׹ڵأĤݶָмƷ磬Ʒ֮أ硣
Ʒ硭꣬¶ЦݡһϤЦݣǻϲͬĽӰ
鴦ɼٺһ㣬Ⱥϲ


1245 ʮ֮
ԴƷĻһ֮ս󣬻½ĺƽ
漶Ĳ̫ǿ֮صҲ֮еɢ½УӴҲû޴½֮˵֮ҲʽΪڴ½רƷΪĴ½
ڴ½ͨڴ½ĺƷҲرͨһΪȫͨ½֮
ֻǣڷڴ½ֻһǱǷΪĹҡϾԸ֮ڵĻûңԱýһƶȣ÷ڴ½ȶչ
ʮǰľ֮սƷ𣬸֮Ʒ񣬳Ϊ½ػ֮ΪƷĴڣҲӭ½İðҵ
ת֮䣬ʮգ۰Ĺȥ
ʮķڴ½½ԭȥĳУҲ±˸ǵĳʮ֮˵Ҳ֮أûν߸ϵλ˵ĵλһƽȣѭȵ
һеһУúܺгƷ֮£Ҳȶķչ½ĶʮҲչ
ȻƷҲûΪʤ֮ķУʮƷҲǲȡ˲Ľչ
ʮǰƷĻڵħƷȶǿʵ˽Ӥ̬ǿﵽԪڵľ硣ڷлذľ֮ʱӴ󣬲׼ͻƵģԼʹƷ弶ħ״̬֮ҲֻܱȶԪڵľ磬ԸڵǿߣƷҲһ䡣
СԭΪλ֮ûһĻҲô׾ͿͻƣСʮҲȻ˾λԽס
Ҳʮһεľ磬ﵽ˾λľ磬ֻ޷һס
˻аĦϳ밬˿Ⱦˣû£Ȼﵽλľ硣
ǿѩ˿Ʒİָ֮£ʮҲԪڵľ磬ͬλľ硣
󣬱ԶеĿֲ츳ˣʮнͻƼ磬Ҳﵽλľ硣
ϳǣȻֹھλҲǿͻ֮ʵȴҪʮǰǿࡣ
˵ʮǰֵʮ꣬Ʒ֮УҲ۶֣ƷҲӵŮ뺢ӵʱ䡣
ֻǣƷ뵽ԼеŮˮģƷȴղʮʱ䲻̣ƷѾ׼Ҫħˡ
ħ磬һδ֪磬һԶԶͬڷ硣һ磬Ҫȷ绹ҪӵĲпΣա
Ƹڷ֮УڷΪʥĵط֮ˣƸηݡΪƸƷסĵطκ˶¡
ƸƷǶס
Ժ֮УƷŮ˶æµţЩæЩæŰæŷ飬ϾŸոսʮ꣬黹Ҫ
Ǻǣһգۣû뵽͹ʮˡѩ˿ЦЦʮǹĵӡ
ǰʱÿ졣˿ЦЦֲۿȴȤҾ벻ˣΪȽôõĸһĺӣʮҲŬôҺ˿ȴһ㶯ûأ
ǾĲ̫ǲšƷͷЦ
ߣǲڴиѩ˿Ʒ˵
ôأܹҵĺӣҿĻءƷһԩ˵
ǺǣǾͱΪƷˣƷ˵ûλûŬɣԺȻͻжˡ΢΢һЦ
Ҳǣʱеǣǲѩ˿ſȵ£ЦǺǣĺĽ㰡㿴СҪҲôӾͺˡ
ͷգһ˰̾ǣҲ֪ˮúô᲻۸
ƷһɫȻͻȻ̧ͷſȵ˵ȣģһҵˮĵġ
Ʒ硭Щ⡣
ףʮˣҲǸ뿪ˡƷͷһЦʵƷ˼ˣֻһֱû˵ڶѡ
˵ţһʵЦ𣬴Ժ֮ȻֳӰϳߡ
λǰáƷЦĴкҲһЦ
ǰǿɲҵô˵ҲҲһλˣҪ⴫ȥĻǿɲû֮ˡȤЦ
λɶǰƷɲʹ˱֡ƷҡҡͷûαӣֵˣȻλǰˣҲǡ
ǺǣҲ㡣ЦЦֵҲӦ˼ɣ
λǰ˵ƷһҲ¡
˶٣ϱЦʣƷֵܣɷΪҪ뿪ˣ
ѹʮ֮ã㡣Ʒص
ǰʮˣƷֵ츳ڳˣʵǽħĻҲǴΪϵ
λǰҶħ粢Ǻ˽⣬λǰ˵˵Ʒ˵ЩҲҪ˽ġ
ʵħ粢ͬһλ棬Ƿ֮磬λ棬ħǱ˴˲ͨġ˵
Ů磬ȥ硣Ʒ
е鷳üͷЩÿڵӡ
鷳Ʒ£Ҳǽǡ
ʵô¡ͻȻˣһɫ˵ħĻڷ½кüͨڣЩͨǴһЩģϰƫħԣȻҲֻܽħ磬ƫԵĻȻǵý磬Ʒֵӵпħʣкܴļʻħ硣
ǵҵʦôܽ磿Ʒ缱ʡ
δħ̬£ħԵġҲܻܿų⣬ȻҲܲᣬ˵ϳ˼Żص
Ʒ뿨Ҳһ˴εһۡ
Ǵӹͨ͢ڿԽ𣿡˿ͻȻʡ
Ҳܣ˭Ҳ޷ıġΰҡҡͷ
ȥĹ򣡡Ʒֱƿһ
ԭ˿ĻΪżϣ˵Ļ֮ɫֲȻ
Ʒֵȱ𼤶ҲõĻҲлᱻ͵硣Ȼ˵ħͨҲܴͨڡЦ
Ҳܷǽħ磬Ҳ취磡Ʒɫᶨ˵
ҲֻˡƲ̾
ƷˣʣˣλǰͬУ
ǺǣǱȽϹִ㣬ģ֮Ͳ̤磬ҲԱЦ
ҲáƷ˵ͷ
ǾˣƷֵǾʲôʱ뿪ǣҲɺúһ̡ϵ
ǿɾ鷳ˡƷ繰һ
Ǳ뿪񸮡
󣬰˿̲סʣƷ磬һͬȥĻԺ᲻ħ룿
Ƿİɣǵʱҵ𸮵Ų绹ħ磬ǶӦûһġƷЦȴһصӣһħ磬ǽĻ᲻Ǻã


ڰ˾ 


1246 ħͨ
֮ƷرһЩ˻񸮡
Щ֡˻СǰĦϳаȰԱȴûл
񸮴
֮УƷǻϳһ
Ʒλ֮УĬòȴһصӡϳҲǾţʱʱƷ缸ۡ
Ǳ˴ѯʰţ⣬ֲƷ˼ۣɫгɻ󡣵ȻƷرٻȻرҪ顣
ڣ̲סʵƷֵܣ˴μŽǻΪ£ǲǷʲôˣ
˶٣Ʒ̧ͷ˵˴νǻҪҲΪѯǵ˼
磬ͱˣֱ˵ǡСֵ˵
Ʒ˵ͷһɫ˵ڷڴ½Ѿ죬Ҳʮ֮ãħ磬һΪյĵطûҽħ˼
һ£ر⡣
ƷֵܣʲôǿɶǸˡЦ
ǰпյģеö췢ùˣʵ˵Ҷ뿪ˡСŽе
Ҳд⡣
ǺǣʶʱѾ¶ĸߵˡȻħΪգǵ˵Ǵ洦ӵиķչռ䡣Ц
֪ҲԸͬУԴ˴αرǻ׼ǰħͨƷص
̣ô죿һ㶡
ǵģ֮ǰѾλǰˡƷ˵ͷֵԭҵĿһ磬ħͨԻһӰ죬Ҳܻħ硣绹ħ磬ҶѾˣǵʱֻҪԼħͨζһġ
ǺǣҲãħҲãֻҪܹһͿˡЦǺǵ˵
е벻ףΪβаĦͶϳֵǻأѲ㡭ͻȻɻʵ
ͻȻôһ˵Ҳɻ
Ʒ͵Ҳ֪ĦϳλֵʮѾ˼ңҲ뿪ȥðաұҲҪʱϾ½ħ绹ǿһģΪ˽󷲽½İΪҲЭĦֵǣԺȶˣҲǿԽħģҪȵħȶһԺǵҲкôġ
ƷֵҵҲˣϾǽҲܻ뿪Էڴ½˵ҲǺ洦ģƷֵܵЩ뿪ǻᴫǣƷֵܲرǼλĬѾõϸ˵
Ʒֵ˵ǲǾ͵뿪ˣʡ
ǺǣûҪĻھ뿪ɣѾˣҲһЩ˹ˡƷЦбֳ𸮡
ãǶû⣡ӦҲһһͷδ֪Ҳǳ˺ڴ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ㽫ǸУ漴ֶ˵鷳λǰΪ·
ǵ˵ͷһ±ʧ
תʮӣƷһڴ½Ϊ˵ĵط
Уһյĸ߷塣
嶥Ͽ֮˸һĹţɢһصϢлһɺǿʵĻðȻǹлᱻѹ
Ǻǣˡָŷ嶥Ͽմǵɫ˵⴦ͨǷ½ΪȶģĦ˹ҲǴȥġ
ǰЩӶչˣƷʹ˸ԵĻϣԺħλǰƷ繰ֵ
ϣɡϵͷһЦżֲᣬ˷ֱԺҲͺټˣϾ绹ħ磬ǶһǳӴλ硣
ҵǾ鷳ˡƷ˵
ģ¾ͽˣϣƽĽ磬ԺǼĻҲһЩһִƷļ˵ҲǸƷͶһЦ
ллˡƷдһЩ֮⣬תһϤ磬ΪԼҲƷǵڷ½
ټˣ磬ҲԺһġƷ簵̾һٴһۣǰɫ֮С
߰ɡϵһĿɬ
˵Ժ᲻ƷֵǼ棿ϲʵ
ǺǣǺúԺġ΢΢һЦǰɫá

ʱƷѾһɫĿռ֮С
ռ֮Уżǿƣͨλ߸ԴͨдԽȥƷɲͬѾӵ˱н׵ʵԶڿռĵȫӰ졣
ֻΪܹ֤Ļ磬ƷѾѹסڵħԣĽڵԪתΪ˹
ƷϷǿҵİ׹⣬ٵڿռдţԺﲻϵܹ硣
磡һģƷ簵
͵ģƷּӿ˷ٶȣһ㣬ٶС
Ʒ羪ȵǣû뵽ռľ뾹֮Զڳ֮УƷҲǺֻ̽ȥ̽ӿռ
֪ռһصƷĻҲһ˲䷴˻ƷȻܺ棬Ҳټ̽ӣóһЩӰ졣
ԼĪƷռгʮӵʱ䣬ƷͻȻԶѾԳһ⣬ǵ˿ռľͷ
ģƷǿռĳͣһԥӡ
ţǳڣǽ磿ħأ
ۣƷ߬˫ȭ˵һǵġ
ţƷ㻺̤ǵ֮Ӷٶʧǿռ֮С
һ̣Ʒƺһص˳ȥ
Ʒо˫Ѿȵ˵ϣƷ˫ۻǽУʵƷﻹǺµġ
ʱƷ˫۵ʱһϤȴǴƷĶ߻磬ô
СƷһ͵˫ۣС֡зվԼǰȴǲû֡
ôܳˣƷ𾪲ѣֳ̽ѰȥƷǣԼλ뺢ӻȴǹʧˡ
ţƷȥһƬڰгһаϢϿ֮Ψһ޴ĺš
ǡƷɫһħ磡


1247 ħ
һ磬硣
ûνĹ޴ĺһţڰ硣
ھƷʮ֮⣬һ޴ɭĺڰ֮ǣһɹϢھ޳ǵϿ֮Ũħ
ܵģôƷţʹ಻ѣһǱǷϰӡ
СҲɫͣ˵УӦþħˣǻʧˣȻħ硣
ô£ôħˣأʡ
ƷһĿЦϰڻ𸮣һָϿҵǾ޴ŭе㣡㣡ΪҪ׽ŪңΪҪΪҪҺҵǷ룡
룿СǾסˣʵҲ뵽һЩ⣬ȻܹдǾ˵ҲûаѹҶֱ͵ħˡ
ħ磿ôħ磿ô죿ܻȥ𣿡ּʵ
ˡƷҡҡͷεĽݺݵȭͷ˵ã˾ȻŪңҾ͸㶷ףħħ磡һ취磡
һ㶷սףĽе
ˣԺ󲻱ٽˣûţеֵֻܣԺƷͿˡƷһɫ˵
ǶǺֵܣͷжѡ
Ʒ磬ƷʵжǿλжôĳߣֻҪǶԴԼѣƷ綼ġ
ȻƷüˣ
˭ɵǣħҲûиǺöСɫ˵
ҲħˣħҲǶһЩ֮ˡǳէõ͵ʱ͵ʱҪȥʲô鷳˽˵ǻʵ˰ɡƷ֣ص˵
΢΢ͷҲ֪Ʒ˵
ţƷǱ㽫ʵѹƵλʵҲ͵λ߽׵ľ磬ȻȴЩİ͵١
ãɼλŰɫףһλʿλħ˻
ʱƷҲλħ˹ʱϸĴ˼ʵҲûʲôرĵطʵҲ͸ֻ࣬ڴһͳħӵλʵ
Ȼħλħ˵ʵǲƷȴһĲֵֻǻδ˽ħ磬ƷҲֵúƽʵάλľ磬ǾԿ͸Ʒʵġ
ǴӷˣһλߴħĶƷʵϾƷڵλñǴͨһ㡣
ǵġƷ絭Ļص
⼸ôħôࣿһ⼸СһһλڰСħֹ˵Ʒǵľǵͺܶ࣬ĿҲ˼ӡ
ʲôطƷ˰ʵ
ħǵĹϽ򣬾ȻǱ͵ǱǵˡǿأǣϸĸǹħеһЩ򡣡λߴħĶƷ˵
СǼλħ˵ĿܲˬҪɵǵ˼ȴƷסˣ漴˵Ǿ鷳λˡ˶٣ƷְĶСǴвɼ꣬ħɲ򵥣ʵǿ˶ǣȽȶ˵
СǰͷֻǶλħ˻ûиʲôɫ
λħҲƺˣҲϰƽˣһνħˣǻΪǣһĿ˵ӡ
ߣţȵǾǺܣλħ˶ǵְǸһЩˣҲƷô
ţƷǱλħǵķȥ
֮λħҲǺܸĸһЩħ顣
ܵ˵ħһλ磬Ʊ½˼ǧһЩر֮⣬ħħǣνǱħǿͳεĳС
ħ֮Уδ֪ĽأҲʵǿ壬ħطҲǿҴġ
ħֻһλͳߣǱǴħ
رҪ˵ǣħеʵȼ뷲½ȫһġԷʵΪƣҲħˣħħеλ͵ȵġ
ԣħʵȼǣħˡħħħ˧ħħÿһги߽֮֡
ˣƷѹƵλľ磬ͱħħϽ׵ʵħӴħϵͳ˵ڸڻҼĴڣλֻǱħ˺һѡ
Ʒǵλħˣħ߽ߣλµȡ
Ȼǵħ˧ľ磬ڸ֮ĴҲǲġ
˵ħ˧߿ƿһǧ˼ħţҲɳΪһӾħ˧н߿ƿһ˼ħţҲɳΪһħ˧߽߿һʮħţɵθųųְλȻҲɳΪһλĸߵĴ󹫾
ħ磬ҲһݵĲп磬֮ߴǿΪ棬ħΨʵ
ò˵ħһǳǿ磬ݲ˵µħǿߣǿҲʤЩĴ֮СҲǽΪࡣ
ħͨлңҲԾʯΪ⣬ֻħеľʯȼܸߣԷĵƷʯɵΪھѪߵȼϾÿһƷƷ԰Ϊơ
ƷȥĵطһǵĵطͳǵһλǿߣҲħŮ
֮ƷǱλħǡ
ǣһۿ˾̾ѣ֮뷲½ĳȫһεġһɽ㣬а֮ߣͭǽڣǽϹһ޴Ķߵ˿Ų÷֮ǰպյɫ֡ǡ
Уפǧħİɫսף಻һսսʿܹˣһħߡ
ǵҲǲ٣ͨҲ߱ħϵʵħǿˣϾҲñһƷھʯħһûоʯģҲþΪ˽ǡ
֮ǰפʮλħߣĮ˳ǰûнǷߣݺݵĺȥĴħĲп硣
ˣλߴħ˶Ʒ˵ǳħˣԲؽǷѣвٵĹأڽǵʱһ仰˵ҲʲôΪҲѾǸ֪ĶˣǾװԼư;ͿˣȻ󰲰ĸǽǱǡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷȻλħ˸һȰĿܲˬҲǳ˾棬˳ǵ˼ˡ
λħ˱Ʒȥ


1248 Ӿ
ߵǰһλªֿӭ˹ӵħ˧׵ʵ̱סλħƷǡ
ˡλħ˹
λж΢΢ͷıƷǣʣЩǷλˣ
ǵĴˣ׼ǽǡλߴħ˻صһֻͷƷʹɫλǶˣħ߳ǵĳ񣬲ȻǵĿͷԡ
ƷüͷҲһǾʲô£㵭ˡ
˵ͷҲõ㣬λħЦǺǣ⼸СһﻹͦµģǾͽȥɡ
лˡλħٴһ񣬰һʵﻹƷǻ϶ҪȻɾ鷳ˡ
ţƷһ˱λħ˽˳š
ǣɣ漫֣Զȷĳ࣬Ʒе㵵ǳľִķȺȻֻܶ࣬ɫһӣûνЦݡ
Ĵ洦ɼгѲУ涼ͼ˶ħʵħʵħҲͬһͨ˲ࡣ
Ʒһ㣬ͷĹˣȻǺ֣ոһּƵĸо
ˣ˸ǽܣҽа͡λߴħ˵˵
ҽںۡһλħ˵
ҲƷڽǵʱܸаӣаǶƷǵ̬ҪࡣҲǵְѣֻǸʹӷйˡ
ҽƷ磬ԺչˡƷԱȽϿ˵СվƷƺаǵĻһ㡣
аһСǣɫԵЩãְ˵ǿһǳĵطǸսħ˽͵ħ߾ŵפأǵãɳΪħ߾ŵĳԱ
ħ߾ţƷЩɻСҲһܸȤӡ
ħ߾ſΨһħţܹħ߾ŵ˿ɶеľӢҲӵгڳ˵ĵλںһ羴˵
ǿɷħ߾ŵˣƷ粻ʡ
Ȼħ߾ųԱںָؿλϵһѪɫͼı־˵
Уʲô˲ģҴ绹ǿءСһԵúܲм
Ǻǣҽħ߾ţԺ͸ҪλչˡƷ΢΢һЦ
Сӣ˵ͦģ㾫ħ߾ţһôġаһƷļЦʱֱСǣСȴκεĺøС
ƷллˡƷЦڸħ磬ƷҲʱмħ߾ŵ뷨Ψȶ֮㡣
ҵǵľǣǵ˼ʹϵǳӣûдﵽħ˧ʵþͲҪ£ǵݿɱǣ𣿡а֣ص˵
ģǵĿֻǼħ߾ŶѣȥʲôµġƷص
߰ɡа͵תȥ
Ʒǽа˵ʱʱΧĻЩ˵ĿڼƷǵʱƺ֪ƷǸմӷˣɫоǳ˱ģֻ΢΢һۣһƽӡ
ǺܴƷǸаãȻûмħ߾ŵפأѾߵǵ֮ܿԿһݻĸۡÿһۡжħܹħӵиۡˣȻӵһ
ţаͻȻѵЩ鷳ˣ᲻ʲôֻҪ侲С
鷳侲Ʒһ㶣ôҲûôùɣħزģô鷳أ
ֻǣƷǼаƺԵúֵܻ̿ӣǲ⣬˳аǵĿǰԶȥ
ԭǵǰԶ֮һˣˣµšΪ׵ǣһλɫµ꣬ͷںɫͷɫӣżȵĿɫֺһ֮˷ӣоǷеүӵһ㣬˾ȵλڷʵǴﵽħ˧ףװΣӦþħνӾˡ
Żжξ룬ƷСʣ˭
ǿ˹󹫾ˣǰλǿ˹󹫾ĳӿȴүӾݣݻʵⶼǲġаɫֵص
ޡƷ絭Ӧֵкιϵֲȥǣ鷳أ
ǲ׵ģҲҪȥŪסаͰ̾һѵǼǰ߱ǣõĻүӦòע⵽ǡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷȻмʲô󹫾ҲʲôǷǣǷǶҪԼƷҲԲʾ
ɣаǱͷ亹װһ㣬ƷǼǰȥƷҲѹסϵϢ
ʱ͵Ʒһ׼Ҫһʱ
ǸпȵӾȻѾȥܿĿ⣬ϬӻƷǵɨһۣһаǣȻҵӰ㣬Ц
ԭаֵܺںֵܡһЦλ´ӭ˹һǲӡ
а;һ亹⡭үֵǿɲҵ
ںҲľսӣǼ˿µĶħһ㡣
Ʒ絹һƽǸСѡ
ȻҲƷڼԼʱ򣬾ȻûԳκһ˿η壬ȵɫֹһЦݣߵаǵǰһصа͵ļƷ˵Ǻǣ˿治٣⼸λǰɣ
ǡǵġаӦһ߻ͷƴĳƷգۡ
ƷȻˣʱҲ鷳򵥵һ
ӹһ⣬ʽĿ˵ɽеģͽ⼸СһüɣλֵӦòɣ
ү⡭еѰˣǿɶǸմӷˣѾҪǽˣǺѽˡаͲĻص
ô˵ǲˣɫ˲ת䣬
ߣǵųҲøǿ˹󹫾ӣǲһССħ˶үһλºȳ
ǲ˼ֻǡа亹ùôƫƫôùˡ
ΧȺµͣ˽Ų׷ƷߣɶƷ簵ͬ飬ȿĽְԣͷɾǳԶˡ
ʲô˼һӾȻСҪ𣿡˵ŭɫ
аֱӱŵù֪롣
ͻȻһǵģΪǣ


1249 ˵ľ
һ𺧡
ǣ˷һƷеʱǼֱ𾪵Ӷˣⲻ
аں۸˵ǹĶƷ磬ССħѣȻﵽħ˧ǿ߽а壬ǵôȡݲ˵ǿȱڿ㶯֣ƷǾ֮ˡ
Ȼа֮ǰŽƷǵְŽάƷǹȻȣųǿɲΪһССħȥ˿˹󹫾
ˣаǾάƷǶˣҲƷһȻηӣаǸоѾЩ͸Ʒˣƽ˵Ļ֪ԷʵǾûʶġ
ܱߵȺȲѣ໹ͬ飬ħ磬Ҫ˶ֵȺҲۼԽԽ࣬һЩǿǣװûˣǿɲ̤¡
ҲǾúϲ£죬ʷһθȻԼôԼһ⻹ʲô
ŵǣƷһҲǶţǳħħʵ
һλ׳ŭνҪɱƷǡ
ס֣ͻȻֵס£зһ˿аЦݣȤζƷʵСӣ⻰˵ģ
ǵģ˵ġƷ缫ƽĻص
˵ģĺĵʶҲҲ˸ħ֮ǰڷпɶ˾ηħҲΪһʱ嶯֮١˵
ǳ嶯Һ侲Ʒſȣ˿ûо⣬СҲһսⰻȻӣֻҪƷ˵֣ôһ˾Ҫ̲ڽͷ
侲ȶƷĻشԵúܾȣƷЩʵСħħûκαġ
аǼǿֺĶƷ磬ʱ˿治֪ȥƷ磬ˣֻССħֳĬõߣֻǿϧѵöƷλкøеˡ
۷׷ףƷָֻţ˼Ҳͺܼ򵥣Χ˵ƷǾһЩ֪ˡ
Ʒԣʣȴүʲô𣿡
Һ㼸⡣һ²ӣȻܶѵҵӣ뵽һֵķ׼ȥĥƷ硣
ʰɡƷֳţô˸оƷݺȿȻҪһ㣬Ȼ˿ȥӿȡ
ʲô֣ʡ
աƷ絭Ļص
ħкα
ǸûУ
֪ҵ𣿡
֪ǿ˹󹫾Ĵү
ǺǣôǽħʱаûһЩħе֮𣿡
˵ˣҵ֮˲ңҲˣǿȴүǣǿûйƷĻشſȵĻ䶼ÿԷڡ
˶Ѿȫɵˣʷħǿħߡ
Ҳã㷴ӦеŭѾҪڵţѾѪѪ⣬ܺãҺ㣬޴Ļôô
㾡ܿԣС̲סе
˲һⲻðһˡ
üͷСʵͦ˭
Ҵ硣С
磿˼һЦ΢΢ͷޱ˵ȥȰСһˣ
ǣ
ǼλӦѾͲסˣ׷еһɷӣı˹
ߣƷһֱǰ̤һȻֱ˿ǵǰ͸һɹϢǾĪĴɫͻȻһ㱡
ָо׹Ԩһ㣬ƺҪӿµϢǾȻͣסˣۿгһδ֪Ŀ־塣
ʱƷֱӽ˿ȵĶ˵ڵôߵĻ˵㣬˹󹫾ҾԻǺڣ
ȻƷֱӴСǰȥ
⡭а춼ѾųOͣһĻʵ̫ˣȫûŪ׵׷ʲô룬ƷǱֱ뿪ˡ
ΧȺһǷӣǣҲһӣֱǶ˻һ㣬𺧵Ϣޱȹ죬û֪⵽׷ʲô飿ôƷǾôſȵҡڵ뿪أ
аǷӦ֮󣬲ֻʵĸ׷ȥ
ʱ򣬿ǵɫͻȻúܲ԰һ㣬Ǽ˿µĶħһ㣬Ｗ˿־壬޷һ㡣
١үղǡôһλ²˵оħһ㣬б־ռݣʼȴֲ֪׷ʲô顣
áÿ£ղֻֻǴ𣿡ȻһĪѾ亹һµĶΰ㡣
һӣһӾ˹󹫾ĴүôԵ޹ʵıһλССħסأ
öȲƺ˹ѭȥȴûƷǵӰŭ쵰أȥˣ
١үǺѾ뿪ˡһλĻصղǹɿµĸо¡
ʲô׷үҪǸʬΣȷŭĽе죬Ƕˣǽ˹󹫾ˡ
١үǰ治Զħ߾ŵפˣ֡Ѿ׷ˡλ²˵
ħ߾ţǶҲðǸһ࣬ΧЩͶĿ⣬죬ʲôҹ
˾ڿȣ׷ɢȥԺҲٲ˻ˡ
ȼֱˣȥԺɾûٻȥˣŭеߣظһ⼸صĴۣ
󣬿ȱһ˹󹫾п첽ȥ
ڿ˹뿪ʱƷҲаħ߾פصΧ
Ʒֵܣ¡аͻȻסƷ磬Ʒĳƺˣϴޱȵ𺧣Ʒãƺʲôסһ㣬þδܻ
Ǻǣλʲô£Ʒ΢΢һЦȻһ̬
аڻһ
ʱа𾪶ֺʵƷֵܣղŵô£ôүǻᡭ
Ʒǲ˵ʵˣЦʵҲûʲôⲻڷϰһħ䣬ħ˵˺ֻǶһЩνϸߵܹһЩþҲѣû뵽лá
ã󵨣ãʵ㣬Ǽħ߾ţԿ˹󹫾ʵǵųҲҪ˹󹫾ӣΪƾôСֶξܶȥ𣡡а˵
ܻءںΰ̾
ģзִģ鷳ȴǽȥɡƷνЦСֻǰΪˬǸղƷֹһ綼֪˼ˡ


1250 ħ߾פ
ħ߾פأΧΧסһյĸǽǽϵһĶߣɢһɭϢ
ǽ֮ϣǳǽһ㣬һпڣÿһп϶վħ߾սʿЩɶǾ߱ħʵ
ǽ֮£еšŽգ߾ڵ³ӣػš
ڣƷվ֮ǰĸоһɿµսƣҲھӪӵеսơ
ʱаͣ
ȥ֮ǸǻҪǵˡаͲ̾
һҪǵǣѾǵ˿˹󹫾Ҳܵǣɱǣ޿κεʱǿܻѡ¶ǵ䡣ں۸˵
ֻǷССħҲûðȥάǣǿ˹󹫾Ǿ˵ǵСƷصʵƷ绹治Ƿֻﵣĵǻ᲻ħǿߵĹϽħǿڻԶԶƷܶԸġ
ƷĻ֮аҲǷˣֻǶƷԽԽ͸ˣǶľ飬Ʒֳĵʶ̬ԲһССħӵеġ
߰ɣȥ֮Ի˽ӹǡа˵ںһͬߵǰǰ
Ȼ
ֱڹ⣬ɨаϣڹⶨϵα־֮ʱ
ˣ
һصžȻԶˣǱ˽ƣƺǿӦǳǿߵֱʣħ߾ŵǺѴȥġ
ŵĴ򿪣һǰһԻ͵Ĺݻɺΰû뵽ǽ羹ȻһǷĹϵϢ˲ڣħ磬еһжȷ̫ˡ
֮ǰһƬ޴Ĺ㳡˳ųĵطԾȵĿһȺȺ׵սʿߣƲ׵սʿ϶Ǿ߱ħʵ
аǲɻͷһƷǣһ˵һνħ߾ŵˣᱻŴǴ㵵ǣƷǵ̬ƺԵúƽ̬аǴΪͣнȻ뵽ƷܹٵĻԺضܹħӵвΪ
߰ɡа˵Ѿ޷ƽ˵ĿȥƷˡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷȻһԵЩȣĻǺ档
֮ԴӳĹرϡ
߽棬ҰԽԽ󣬸ղŴ⿴ķΧҲֻеһСֶѣĹȷʵֵ˾̾ƾǰƬо㳡﷽Բʮ֮
ƷȻԻȥ̽飬оһɷǳµϢƷ룬λδܾǾס⹬֮С
аͣںۡһʵͬһλħսʿ˹һͷѪɫĳһף΢΢һƷǣƽʵǷ𣿡
ǵģӳа͹ֻصȻ˴˼ڵͬʵǰλħսʿȴаǸһΡ
ں۽ŻͷƷ˵λǵĶӳǰԤӡ
ԤӣƷԵúɻ
Ԥӣǻδӵнħ߾ŵʸ񣬻ĥħߡԤӵĥǼĲпᣬǺ˵Ļ˳ħ߾ţҲӵǵĳʸ񣬵ȴǷκεķƸڳ𡣡˵
ллǺԸҪħ߾šƷصСȻҲǸƷ˼
ܺãֻħ߾Ųǰ;ġ΢΢ͷƷĻش⣬תֶа˵аͣȻȥɡ
ǡаǹһ񣬲֮ʱɶ˼ƷǣɫΪ졣
аߺ󣬻Ʒ˵ǣ
ţƷǱŻȥ
ߣЩһ˺ܲˬڷ绹û˸ҶʹɫأСĴ
СɲǷ磬ǸոǣҲ֪Ƿħǿܣǵʵ¶ĻȻûкộ̲˵ĻǾҪĺƷ簵Ļص
סСͷֵղ˹󹫾ˣ鷳Ҳҵˡ
ߣҪһСС󹫾ѡƷص
ʵħ߽׶ѣԶƷǵĽ̸һûУһֱڳĬдƷפһ
ƬУԼ򵥵ĴһӣоƷԭоӪһ㣬Ʒ绳ĸо
ǣƬطɾħ߾ΪµĵطԼ棬ƷӷˣҲһЩǱˣﵽˣħµʵҲвٵħսʿάϵ򣬸˵ĸоЩ˺Ǽķһ㡣
ʱǴƷǱ߹ȥʱЩƷһӷˣһһֺܲƵĿ⡣
ô˵أ
ϾǿܶƷһҲܹ˲ٵĿ࣬ԶƷЩսȥ˵ܻȥЩһЩȤ
ݺܸߣЩħսʿЩħ߼ʱһ˾η׷׹
ֻλħнսʿ˹ӳ
˵ͷ΢΢ͷƷȻֶλħսʿ˵ЩһӷˣҪħ߾ţȰǰһطɣȻúø˵˵һЩ򡣡
ǣ
λħսʿӦĳƷǴȵǸɣǻȰסĵط
ƷǵӦ£λħսʿȥҲȻȻ뿪ˣӦǻȥһ㱨ˣħ߾ϸľƶȡ
ʱƷǸλħսʿţΧЩҲǽĿĶ˹ƷȴǲмһˣһȺħѣᶯָͷܸ㶨ǡ
󲻾ãλħսʿƷһΪʮˣνסҲǼ򵥵̸ľѡ
ȻסܲƷЩ˵Ӱ죬ֻЩܲʹѡ׻ڷеʱΪλ˲̫Ըħˣֵλϵķʵ̫ˡ
ȥɣԺͻסջеĲһλħսʿ˵У£
˵꣬λħսʿ뿪ˡ
ƷǱȥЩģҲԼĲá
ˣǾסطСĽе
Ҳòʹ죬ҸղŶЩͲסˣȻֻһȺħҲҶʹɫ˸
˵꣬棬һӰվĿŭ֮⣬Ʒǡ


1251 
û뵽澹жʮλħ˵ղС뷲˵ЩѾˡ
һӣǶʮλħŵƷǵΧ˹һƣɷӣΪ׵һλӣħ߽׵ʵҼͻħ׾磬λӦþͷˡ
ӵӿһȺħĻʮˣȫȫĽƷǸΧסˣһر硣
ƷɫƽЩħ˵һЩСɫѣȥǼƽء
λƷǣʵǸմӷ½ˣ
ǡƷ絭Ȼ
ҽбǵھԤӵĶӳͬʱҲǱˡλӳǽҹ֪Щڷ½ʱϰˣħɲͬԺ󻰲˵ǻ˵ġ
ޣǿɾ͵ллˣС̰˵
һ£СĿΪŭƷǲЩħʵ߶ѣô˵ǰ˿
üͷϲκα˵ܺãղѾΥ˹ڸѡҪôҪô͹ԹԵĿĸͷϴ
ϴǿԣǻû͡ƷĻص
˴Ϊŭ⻰Բ𣿱Ǿۼʮλħʵ඼ħнߣԸɵƷǡ
ҲôΪѡ
ǺǣСӣҸʱҲǺһΡ޴ǾͻжôĲпᣡһЦԵλħ߽׵ʵ˵ǹȥúýѵǣסֻҪʲôʹζԺͻѧˣ
ǣλħӦɫһ䣬ȭͷϳǿҵĺڹ⣬͵ıƷǵ˹ȥ
ĶƷǣ˵ƷǲҪһЩˡ
ȻЩħ׺֮ƣƷȴԵӦ˵ѹûаǷ
ಣಣ
һӰ˹̶̵ľ룬һӱ嵽Ʒǵǰһ趯ȭͷŭ׼Ʒǡ
ͻȻ
Ʒ˫һ裬ٶȼ̽Ӱ
ͣͣ
һ˺Ѱٶ䴫һƬҽһܴܳɫѪŷɽΧЩ˵ϡ
ͨͨ
λħİֻڲŵֱۣλħʹİŶȥֱۣڵʹ

ֲŵһĻղһĻڳ˸ûƷ絽γֵģһգ۱˾Ŀλﵽħ߽ʵ˱㱻Ʒ˲Ǳ̵˺ѿһֱֻۡ
ħӵеʵ
ŵһ亹ԭ֮ɫηıһǿ㶢Ʒ磬ղƷôһ֣Ѿȫڳ֮˸סˡ
ô£㵲ѣɫ
ƷɫĿǳҶЩûȤǣ˵ûǣʱǵ³Ǹң
һֱŵǵֱھƨҷһ
ʲô£ʲôˣղŽƷǵλħսʿ㾪ȵĿ˵ɵֻѪܵĶϱۣƷǵʱһȻ
ߣŸǾѧˣҵĻһ𣿡һλħսʿߵƷǡ
ʱƷ𻰣ǱȴͻȻһݻŵ˵λˣĸСӲ£ҳֽѵǣλ˴
ƷȻܾڱ̬ת䣬ȴмʵλħսʿҪƷǣƷҲȻ塣
㣿λħսʿԵú
ǡҡæͷ
ˣ´οɲٷˣĸһѾǱɷˣ㿴Ŵɣλħսʿޱ˵뿪ˡ
ţʾλ£ڵϵĸħˣ˵ĸħҲˡԻ˵ûҪħ߾ţǿǷǳпġ
Ƕɢɣøʲôľ͸ʲôȥЩ˽еЩѾۼʶƷʵֻɢȥ
ƷǲȥЩ׼λ¡
ͻȻ
ȴǴסһȺ˹ƷǰϹϾ˵ֵܣԺǾ͸ˣǵھԤӵĶӳλø㣬Ժǵϴ󣡡
ûȤû֮ǰ̹ҵҰƷ
ǱһȻĵӣֵϴıħˣǳħ磬¶໹вֻҪϴȤұԸ
Ʒ絹ǸȤɵðɣҵЩҪ㡣
ϴ󾡹ʡЦ
㾹Ȼǵˣô֪˹󹫾ΣƷʵ
˹󹫾һԾӣ֪ƷôͻȻʵ˹󹫾ɫηĻص˹󹫾Ǿħ߾ǿ󹫾֮ףħ߾ŵһλų⼪Ҳڿ˹󹫾ˣ˹󹫾ҲŮΪص֡
ޡƷ˵ͷѹֿȻţ˹󹫾ʵȷʵǺӴ󣬿˹󹫾ǾԲŹԼˡ
ϴ󣬻ʲôҪʵ𣿡
һϽħǰɣƷʵ
ô˵ɣħֻҪﵽʵʸӹħǣ޷ӹܣҲͬĵλ븽ʮħǺһλħ˹ϽҲֻǸСڳ֪ĺ١ص
ôħ߾ŵʵΣƷʡ
ٺ٣ħ߾ŵʵȻǿӵʮıħ߾ŵÿһλӳħ˧ڵʵһٶλϱǰλųҲӵħ˧н׵ʵħ߾ŵųλųʵǿɾħ˧߽ǿˣҪħ߾ţԺӵҫλˡһݰ˵
ЩƷǰΪ𾪣û뵽ħ߾ŵʵ˿¡ټ󹫾ʵƾħеһǵʵ˿ֲħУ·ԺҲôߵġ
СҲˣ֮ǰȷʵǵ͹ħ߾ŵʵû뵽˺ˣﲻǿҪнλħ˧ǿˡ
ϴ󣬻ʲôҪʵ𣿡Цеʵ
ûˡƷص
Ժϴ˰ɣЦ
Ʒ絭ĵͷ
̫ˣϲѣЩ˽еԺǵϴ󣬿죡ϴ󣡡
ϴ󣡡Ӧ
ƷСЩʵ̫ȤˣʱԤϴҲǲġ


1252 ı
˹󹫾еʵħ߾ţ󹫾ռݵķΧӴ󣬸ħʵߡ
֮⣬˹󹫾ӵħ˧߰λħ˧нλ˹ħ߾ְ֮һĿȣ˽ħ˧߽ǿߣΪֵܡ
˹󹫾֮Уˡ
λ֮Уһλڷӣ۾âһ֪Ǹ˲˵ǿ˹󹫾ˡλ֮£ˣǴ󹫾߱ħ˧н׵ʵ
֮Уһλ꣬ǿȣ˹ΪصĶӡ
žһ
˹һصĴϣ˲㱻ƾΪ˷ĩһܻӳſȽеΪǴ󹫾Ȼһλմӷħסˣ֪Ѿ𣿡
ףҡҲ֪ʱ׷ʲôˣֻǼһĺù֡ȲĻص
֣˹ԵɻʵҲ벻ףԼĶ˵Ҳһλħ˧ߣôͱһССħסأʣ˵ѵʱ龰úϸ˵һ飡
ǡǡ֮̿ɫ㽫ʱƷʱ鶼ȫȫ˵һ飬ԵúܼҲŭ
Щ˹ļλħ˧˳˼Уɫء
ˣ᲻Ǽһʵӷˣǿ˲٣һࡣһλ˵
Ҿⲻ̫ܰɣһֱӷλ洫͵ˣձʵһλ˵
˹Ѱ˼˻ʣȶȷǼһֻħʵ
ףѾϸ̽ˣЩһֻħʵѡ˵
ֻһˡ˹˫ӹһϲ⣬˵ӦǼһĻ䣬һССħܿĻ䣬伫򵥡
䣿£ףôһ˵һÿܣʱоҵħһصסһ㣬Զ
ǺǣͶˣܵõǼһϵĻЩҿͻƵ֮˹Цһħʵʱסħ˧ǿߣô˹ǵõǺϣͻƵ֮ˡ
ף˼ǣȻ
˼ܼ򵥣һϲвٵܣû׽˻һЦͻȻ˴֮Уһλ׳Ӵ˽˹ĳżơ
壡ϲɫĴк
ȣȻǶ˴󹫾ȴļһǴ󹫾˵һϲ¡ǽ׳Ц
ܣѾҵЩһ˰ɣ˹Цʡ
磬ЩһԤ棬Ѿд̽ˣȷʵֻħʵЩһȷʵ಻Ϊ֪ܣҪǽЩһĻеǵĺôǽ׳ϲЦҲǿ˹׵ܵħ߾ŵһλų⼪ˡ
ô˳Ǹ˹ʡ
ЩѰ죬Ѿˣնں󱸾ӡҲ֪ħ߾פµĽƣƶҲǳϸ񣬳ˣҪǻŵĻǴģֻԼԸ⼪εĻص
ⲻ򵥣ЩһǵǴ󹫾ˣžųҲٸӰɣǼССħǴ󹫾Ӧûɣ˹˵
磬ⲻǳ˺ųҪҪô˵Ļ˺ųʩŭءҰ״󹫾붫󹫾ûǵǰ˵ǿ˹󹫾лҲǿ̫ǵĹƷˡ⼪ҡͷ
ߣĶ;£ǿɲǴ󹫾£Ͳܺúùص㣡˹һۿȡ
ף֪ˡĻص
ȥһԿġ˹ε̾ԼĶӿֳֶԿ⼪ʵܣǲųӣʲô취Ǽһ
취ˣٹԤӽħһĻˣʱҽӹܣԻᰲ˽ǼһﰲŵħֵһطֻҪǽߣôһҰŵ˻ȥ˵Ѿˡ⼪հЦһгӡ
Ƕа취Ǿôˣ˹ЦһǴϵλħ˧˵ǼһΪԷһʱλϴЩ˹ȥɡ
ǣλħ˧Ӧ
ףңҲҪȥȽе
ȥô˹ۿȡ
ߣһҶôҪúȽѵһЩģҾԲɱǵģȺݺݵ˵
ðɣҪλϵĻɳκεĲ˹һɫ˵
ǵģסɫߣȻвүҾʹ
ܣǾôˡ˹˵
õģ磬һҪ£Ȼȥˡ⼪ص
һоͰˡ˹
û⡣⼪һЦһ֮ת뿪˴
˹һЦǺǣлΪô߹ˣҲóҵˡ

գħ߾פԤӲʱˡ
ԤӵеӴˣһٶӣÿһԼĪнˣƷڵǵھŸԤӣЩ֮УʵǱȽǿġ
飬ƷΪϴ֮󣬱㽫յˣΪԭھԤӵĶӳȴͻȻλһλƷˣȴ˷׷۲²⣬ñʵȻǷͬСɡ
ƬΧҲܴȻխ
ʱԤӵ˶к˶ΣܱʮλħսʿάҲԵúܰ»ͦġ
ƷҲڵھԤУԸվȺ档
ãս׵Ļﻺ˹Ҳ֪Ǻζɨ˵ʱĿƷǵ϶˼֡
˶٣ͷ˵ǼԤӵʱ򣬾ѾҪħ߾׼ǣҪħ߾ŵĻɲͿԵģҪʵԣӽտʼǽŸϾпĿ飡ֻǵʵŻǿ𣡡
ףۻ롣
ãܺáͷޣֳ˵ҪԼʵǿǾҪսϵļԽյĲǻ춷еĸΪһ壬ƬǿĲʹκεûеµˣʤߣʤÿ˽õһźھĽ
н˱Եú˷ܡ
ٺ٣ǵھԤӵʵͺǿϴǼ룬Ǹ绢ˣӮˡЦ
һӵ˶ܽìͷָˣǵھԤӻȽ鷳Ʒ˵ĿȴһֱǻܸоյĲ̽Լʵ
ȻˣƷҲԲûʧˡ


1253 ʤ
ȻƷϣʮԤӵìͷѾָ˵ھԤӣ⼸ԤʵҪԤǿ࣬ħ߽ʵռ˼
ǺǣҲܺ棬Ϊο⼪ų⼸СħأﰵЦĿѾƷǵϡ
δʼЩԤѾԵھԤӿʼչ˰Χ֮ƣҲΪȰγвԤӣŷɻʤᡣ
ϴǺҪһԸˡЩŵ˵
ǺǣνƷ絭һЦ
Ʒ磬ҪҪɱЩһְĴ
һȺħѣҪɱǺףҿûȤǱ˾ͿˡƷ簵Ļص
ߣƣȻҪȥԸȺħʵ̫ˡСֹ˵
С¶ѾоѾڼˣӦǿ˹󹫾ˣҺܾܿλп⼪ųˡƷ紫
ףӦЩСһûҪ¶ʵСǲмĻλħǱЩԵЩ壬ҪԸʮԤӰ
ɫһһʼ
壡
ԱʮԤӣŭĻȭͷھԤͳȥ
ɶ񣡡ŭѣǰһǧħھԤһλħ̫㡣
ˣţСΧ˶ҲκβǣƷ򶨵˵˵з׷ȥ
ЩħеƷǱƵ˽ߣǾӵĻᶼûˡ
Ϊж˲أǸ޴ļһѡһ߱ĵЦСΧĻǿɾǵڱͬԶǿڵھԤʮϵսѲɻһ򵱹صĵסʮս
ЩħҲ뷨ΰͳȥ
£Ʒһ˲һ𣬱һЩʵõħ߽׵ҲǳΪΡ
ΪƷһӾҪʮħȺˡ
ɽһĻȴ˶ˡ
ƷСǶԸЩħ׾٣ͬ޼᲻ݵͭǽһ㣬һǼȭͷҶħһƷǻ˳ȥ
һ£ƷǿƣΪ˷ܣеǣ
飡飡
һҵ֮죬һӰ˳ȥΪΧϵСЩȺħֻһһӿԷӳս
ǸԽսԽ£һħ
ǵһԹսħսʿöȫɵˣȻͽƷ缸˵սӲĽԶǿԤʮսħȺסˡ
ЩħҲǼǲʣ֪ƷǵʵǿҲ뵽ƷǵսҲ޷֧̫ãչ˺սƱҪƷǻ
ǣǶԶԶ͹ƷǵʵôãƷǲûĵսԽսԽ¡
壡
ŭĺȺħֹͳ
Ʒͬ޵еսһ㣬һȭһȭĽЩħݺݵĺ˳ȥħһƬһƬ
ʹ죡˷ܵĴЦδйļھԤеչ˷ķ
Զڷ˺ÿһԤӣҲǲƷߵĶ򣬾Ʒǵвʵ̫ˣҲĬֹͣ˺ǳƷǵĳ˹ȥ
ǼˣΪŭе쵰ȺһҲʵ̫˰ɣȻǵھԤˣ
飡
Ʒɵһȭλħ𼱣ǿסٶҲν
ϴ˵öԣǣƴǵھԤҲԲҪǻսĿЦսǺ졣
֮ɫߵͦ͵ҵҪǼܲܵסԤӵĹ
ٶ̼ԵĴȵʤߣڽ
ȻĻЧÿһԤӶѾìͷָвԵĵھԤӣ˵ħŵĽھԤӶѹڽߡ

һĲҽУھԤѾв˵סսļһӱ㵹һˡ
ǣҳסе˺ţڵսҲĵüΪأڶȫƾս־ȥսˡ
ƷǵԵúɣڵ֮ǰֻҪһӿˣᱻƷǸݺݵĻ˳ȥ
ԤӵҲսۣü·񣬺ѹѹȺͬ˰ӿѹȥѹˡ
ߣһ治ˣߵƷչֳʵҲǰΪľħ߳ҲǴﵽħĶ֡
ڣƷǲħ߽ߵʵȻסԤӵĹһȫƷ¶ƣ۵ĸо
ģ̫ˣûû˵ģֱӽǶһɱˣСŽе˫ȭţûܹ
Ʒ磬ȥҲ̫ãһỳǵġħʵֳս¾ΧЩսħսʿˡ
ƷͷĿصȺдȥ˻ϣѾȷλлӳڿ˹󹫾ˡ
ƷҲħ߽׵ʵֳѾԶԶˣȥĻԻӻԼ
ߣһССħѣңƷ簵һ˫һ裬μһɿµϢֱ͸Щħ֮С
Щԭ嶷еЩħͻȻһ£һĪӿͷȻٿƷЩͬɱĶħǾȻηˡ
󣬹һĻˣЩħȻ˶ƷǵĹ໥֮䣬Ԥ֮侹ȻĲжΪĻҡ
ô£סˣΪŭսֲǻܿסģҧгݵĴеǶţ
ϧһΣЩħͲܻջ󣬱˴˼ļţÿһԤӵʧҲʼԽԽء
ǿĻ֮Ҳɵסˣôö˶˵ЩħȻԸˣǶҲǿԴˡ
ȻҲΪƷչֳǿʵסǣƷǿԽԽݡ
һ˵ħʵбֵúܳɫĻԺħ߾Ƿǳǰ;ġ
ţãʣµҲֻмԤˣҲǼûжٵսƷŵھԤӽʵһٽʣµļԤӶˣʤ
ӮˣӮˣǼĻţһ춷ʵ̫ˣȻǵھԤӻʤˣƷǵǲΪȻ
࣬ȻѾ˵ˣҲħ߾涪Աֻܺ۵Ľӿ˹󹫾¸ľʯֳһ뽱˵ھԤӵˡ
ȻҲǺƷˡ
ԣյĲҲʹ˽ˣ춷бÿҪзϵˣҲ⴦ˣԤǷǳпġ


1254 ʮ
֮УĹţպǰվһλӣħ߾һλų⼪
ﾪֵ˵ųˣСѾ˵ȥˣǼһʵǡ
Ҷ֪ˡ⼪˻֣ӰŻЦǺǣȻϣ⼸һȷʵǲܡ
ˣҪҪҸɱǣǲЩԤӵ˶ѣǳȥԲӰġݺݵ˵
ɱС⼸ħǲеôöԸҿɲʲô⣬һᰵٹ۲켸죬Ȼһһµ񡣡⼪˵
ˣСе㲻̫ףǲЩħѣǳЩͣԺǼħ߾ҲǴǰ;ǾôҲ̫ˡ˵ѾƷǲЩʼˡ
ߣʵľͱʣԹˣ⼪ߵ
ǡǣСĶˣС͹ŵһ亹ֻʵĴ˿ˡ
ߺ󣬿⼪˵Ʒ磬ϲʲôܣֻҪǽħ߾ţǾͱӳҵħƣ

ԤӣھԤеĴС
˿̣ϲţΪһʤǻźھħʵĻܹõźھǷǳѵģԱǲŻԵô˷ܡ
ƷȴǾһߣľޣڽõʤȴûκεĸо˵ƷﻹһأȻҪȥԸЩµħ
ϴ󣡡ЦеߵƷǰ
ʲô£Ʒ΢΢˫ۡ
ϴ󣬽ǶȻѾˣЩʯصشǴһЩТϴġֺðʮźھݵƷǰ
ˣҲҪƷ絭Ļص
ҪסˣǰʮźھħһʺܷĲƸˣȻͱƷôܾˡ
ϴ⡭ҲǵǵⰡ°ɡ˵ڿƷˡ
ƷȥᱩǣˣˣѾˣǺúϢ״̬ɣֲֻء
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Ʒ粻˼۱ȻǱȽһ㣬ҲǸӣЩҲΪԺô
ʱСͻȻʵ磬ܲһֱԤɣ
֪ħ߾ŵʵȿסħ߾ŵһЩϢ֮ٺúõȥһǵУڿ˹󹫾Ѿˣֻ֮Ϊ̽ǣǾͿ˹󹫾ʲô⡣Ʒ˵˵ЩʱƷһ򵥵ϸסǵ̸
Ʒֵ˵ûǻ˽ħЩĻбΪǿµرƷֵܵʵھͱ¶ȥ˵
ٺ٣ҪܻųλҲͦġЦ
ҾҪ˿⼪Ǽһ︱ųλá˸ŴȤ
ƷҡͷһЦû˵ʲôĵľԼˣҲ֪йúô
ħ֮УҲкڰ֮ҹֵġ
ǰĻƬһƬ֮ɫϵ̫ǳʺڰġǺҹĻƬվͻһƬڰϵ̫ͻѪɫ
ڣǺҹ
ƷǿﵽԪڵľ磬ڴﵽ־֮󣬿ɲôͻƵģĻҲʺ
ƷҲ˷̫ʱ䣬ע֮£͵͵Ľ𸮡
С
ⲻ֪ս𸮵ʱǱֵƷǰ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ
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ˣܿϧҲ޷ѹеѾħ磬ҵǻȴǱ͵硣ƷɫȻ˵
ǶѾоˣ֮ǰͨͨеʱһɺܿµǶˣӦþǹˡ̾
ҲգҾԲģҪȫһҪҵħİ취Ʒɫᶨ˵
СľѾﵽƿûһĻٵõͻơ׻˵
ǰħ磬Ҳ֪ҪԶǿĶ֡Ʒ糤̾һʵħеʱƷѹҲǺܴġ
ˣСʵӦÿԿһſռˣÿһռɶӵŷǳǿͻȻ˵
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ʱƷ绺ߵǵڽŵĽǰԸо͸һǿϢԱƷǿϢ
˻Ʒ˽ӤǿԪǿҵĽâǿԪĻƷ˫֮С
Ʒϴޱȵڴ˫ưǵϡ
أ
һصľ죬жټ㷴һǿű㵴һֲƷӶһ£һŵǿȿһһǿᡣ
ȣ
ƷһٶƶС
ͻȻ
ˣһ
ǵű㱻Ʒˣһǰ澹һƬ𺣰磬ɫһƬ𺣿Ѱ֮ȫһƷ֮ҪӵĿ¡
Ʒ簵ľź̤˽ȥ
һ߽ȥƷԺ˲ֳһİϢռ䣬ڻ壬
Ʒ羪һ£Ҳ˵ĻҲһֻˣ
ţΧǹӿĺڻǿгƷڣһɿֲݺݵĳƷĻ塣
֮£Ʒ統չִɺڻϮ
û뵽ǣɺڻ˵Ŀ£ƷﵽԪڼĻֵסһӱ㱻ǺڻƣƷĻС

Ʒʹһϥȶ壬ͷųĻƴֿǻ屻ƣǿɾΣˡ
ʹ࣬ǿɲǳܵġƷȴǿĵţϵȥźڻϮ塣
ʱƣƷ羹Ǿϲķ֣ںڻϮ֮УƷĻҲʼ𽥵ǿҲĽš
ԭˣƷϲЦռ棬ǿԼԪ꣬ǿĻƷʵҲнԺħĻǿɾҪɶˡ
뵽ڴˣƷ㲻ȥɺڻźڻϮʹ࣬ƷȻȶڻԪǿ


1255 ħ
ҲΪƷǵǿƱ֣ҲûȣֻĲ
ƷҲÿʱռϰʵÿն
Ϊ춷飬ƷھԤԤӶţЩħڼƷǵʱԵǱϹϾġ
ڰ֮Уܿ˾졣
һԤڽеĲ
ʱһȺħսʿ˹ûʲôˡ
ǣͣҪҪЩԤӵЩħ˵
ǣ
ЩħӦܵЩԤеͣ£ͣ£ͣ£Ҫ
еԤӼϣֻǾǰǳ춷ȥнǧˣԤѾˡ
Ǻǣһ϶ûʲôġСЦ
ãѾ˺ܾˡƷŻ
ϵףͦظһۣȻһ֣ص˵ԤǳӣԽرǲһҪҲһǳĺûᣬɲÿ˶ӵеġ
֪˵ʲô񣿡Ʒ粻Աʵ
ĻǳеģǾǰżԤӵ˵ĶħнħΣգһ˶˲١Сص
ħ֣ƷЩɻ
ʱֳǶӦúħһǳΣյĵطδǵĶޡҪΪһħ߾ǾҪϸĿ飬Ŀ飡ȻҲḺǵİȫԴ˴رѡԤӵ˳
һĵԣγҲٲˡְߵ
ǺǣҪԸǰɡƷ簵Ц
ǲãһһһȺɱһȺСݺݵĴ
ţﻷԤһۣЩħҲԵúУȻǺΣգѵõһλᣬʵҲǴ洦һܻһĽ
˶٣һԤӡԤӡԤӻеھԤӣγĸԤӣ
ǣ
̳С
ܺãǶţھ̳˾ǷģһξͻǵĻˡ˵ʮλħѡĸԤ뿪ˡ
ûѡϵԤӣǾֻĽʼˡ
̫ˣϴһǸĻ϶ǻջ񡣡̽˹Ц
϶ջġƷصֻζࡣ
һγȷʵǾϼ׼ѡԤӵĻǾرŵģƷѲ뵽γڶħֿ϶ǻǡ
һֶκбϣǳڶħĻԲģǰȥħĻϼҲӦòȥ𣬱ϾħԤӲųܣֻҪų׼ѡ
ħ߾פгȥŻЩħĴ죬ֱӱ߳ħ߾פأƷҲٴǵĽֵС
ȥķȽٵĵط
ΪѵõĳԤû˻ú£Եú˷ܡ
ƷȴĴѲӣ޸о˼ӣĻŻλϸ棬ЩӦڶħˡ
󲻾ãǱߵеıš
ţͨ٣سȴǱŻҪ༸ΪڱĵطǶħ֣һЩ޻ܳˣԱŵŻࡣ
ħ߾һСӳеλҲ̫Щк֮󣬻˴˶ħֵķ
ɼڴӱ֮󣬿ļǰԶһƬΧӴɭ֣ɭһƬڣһɹɭµϢԸоǺڰɭֵϿ֮µĶζš
ǰǶħˣᵽ˶ħֵĻ˶ҪҵָӣҪǶĻǿɾǵˣ͵͵˼۲ȺƷǣӹһݵĹâǱ߷аЦ
ڣʮӣ˶ħֵΧ
ƬħֱҰĻҪӾ޴ľɭľ޴󣬹ľһƬģһףԸоӺϮëȻĸо
ԣߵħִʱЩħɾû֮ǰǰ˷ˣǶ˼ֺ¡
Ʒ˼֣ȷʵǺʺħ滹һصһĸֻ֪ǶƷǲκεӰ졣
ʱվǰ棬˵ǶѾ׼˰ɣôҾǽħֵһЩ򡣡˶٣ֵȣڽħֵʱ򣬲Խ볬ʮķΧĶ޻ӦġΪ˸õļЧ֮УɳʮˡҵޣɱȻõ޾Խ࣬ǵõĽҲԽ࣬ڽħֵʱ򣬻һЩħսʿЭǣɲֱӳְǣֻǻǲܳԽķΧ𣿡
ף
ĸԤӵ˱㿪ʼϣϴΪһ飬Ʒ뱩Ҳϳһ˶顣
ţʾߵʮλħнħн̽·
Щħħ֮󣬻ȴǴŲЦƷ˹
ƷǼ˻ֻװӡ
һ£ʵˣʲô𣿡
ûлشЦƷ޵ҼǣԴӼԤǵıֶܳɫѾų㱨˹ǵ飬ųҲǳǣǿս֪û⣿
ǺǣҲ̫Ƶ˰ɡͷһЦ
ƷŻЦǺǣȻչˣôܹ˴˵ء
ãȻûˣԺǴǰ;һƷļһɫ˵Ǿ͸ɣһȥһõط˾ˡ
ˣƷһЦҲ̫˼˰ɣɵҲ֪ˡ
ǰųֻˣѲˣɱ˵ûǣɾֻһεŶҪǴ´οɾûˡջЦЦ
УҪȥĻҲøϴ󡣡ͻȻе
㣿۱öһҲνǺðɣһˣԴӣӦûɣ
ðɣǾ鷳ˡƷ絭Ӧ
ǺǣҾ֪û⣬ɡЦǺǵ˵Ʒħֵһнȥ
ҲзˣʼʽյĶħ֡


1256 
ħ֮УҲĶޡЩɥδǣѪΪʳ˶ŹЩǷǳΣյġħеһЩҲǷĶޣҲвٶ޵ʵǿҲðսһЩн
˿̣зõԤӶѾ˶ħС
ƷȴǸŻħֵһƬнȥԻǿȥܿˣҲܿЩѾħеЩħ
ħ棬ֲָľһſɭһ㣬ԵԽӵڡԵ쳣Ĺ죬ɭޱȡ
ƷǵԵúƽֻħЩеѣԵúܾ£Ʒ硣
ϴˣô߽ôãôһֻ޶ûʵ
ǺǣлڣЩ޻öߡƷ΢΢һЦ˫ȴһֱŻıӰ˵һƬĶ޶ѾˣһƬ滹оݷżǿϢ룬ЩӦþõˡ
ȴһֱȥƷǵ̸ƺûһ㡣
ҲǡЦ
Ȼãȷе˵Ѿ˶ħʮڵķΧ
磬Ȼ⡣С
ǰҲоЩԾΪһɱ֣ѾоѾһɱڱƽˣĵط
ûھ֮ڣмһѾǵˣһһλءƷ簵Ц
Ǳﲻסˣʵ̫ѹˣѾʮڵķΧߵǰʵˣطûˣҪȽǿĶޣǺΣˣѶȶҲ̫Ѷ˰ɣ
üͷĻصڣǻʲô
Ҳܸõ˰ɣʡ
Ϳ쵽ˡ˵ͷֻɫԵЩֵԼҪǺ˵ĻԼȥ
ˣҲ˼Ǿͼ߰ɡæֵӵ˻Ʒ磺ϴû𣿡
£ú߱ǣƷһ
ǡǣϴ󡣡ͷͣٶԡ
ƷǸŻħľ룬Ȼͣ
ƷڵĵطһƬǺܴĿ򣬵ȴǱΧֱĸо
ˡתͷƷǡ
ƷҲǺ򶨵ڶŻ˫ۣɫб˴˳ζ
ˣɵɵĻܣ׵Ĵ֣һֻ޵Ϣоһж޳ûĻЩ޻ȽУѾӴдܳˡ
ûһЦ˼ơ
ৣৣ
һӰ˲Ӵд˳жʮˣŵĽƷǸΧסˣЩħϼĸ֣һƷϤȡ
õ˫ۣŭŻеʲô˼
ûʲô˼һʼҿû˵ҪģԼҪģֻ˳㽫ҲˡݵЦ
ŭѣбԳһŻǣȫȴ亹Щһ˾׵ĸ㶨ˡ
ñܲǣƷȻԵú򶨣صĶƷ˵ϴô£ЩһҲ̫Ƶ˰ɣȻħɱ֣
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ʲôȴүǿȴүŵҰףǿǴﵽħ˧ǿߣֻҪĶָͷԼˡ
ǺǣƷ磬֮ܣҲúúû˰ɡЦ
Ȼʵϴôǵȴүأ
ǵģҪµĻл뿪Ʒص
£ƺ¶ĳ־һ㣬һ˵Ҳ£ȻѾϴˣҲ뿪
ǺǣľǶԵġƷЦЦڱ¶ƷѾӶԱΣƷҪһǿ²ѣҪһЩҳϵ¿ɾûôˡ
ʵҲԼΪλ뷨ܸоƷĻǲģʹڿѾ˾
Ʒ磬ȻǺ㣬ϧǣ̫޴ˣȻҵȴүΪħ߾פͿ԰Ȼ¡˵
ʵһʼĸоǲģû뵽㾹Ȼǿ˹󹫾߹ħ߾ŵĳ裡ƷĻصڣ˶ڣ
˶ŭһû뵽ھһħˡ
͵ģɱƷ硣
һֱƷܺ棬ҲûʾҪֻ֣۽ĶƷ硣
ɱͻȻһȣ֪ԼȼǵƷǰеϴȳһ˵
ĵ˫һ裬ϬĳƿնȥһǿϢѾĽѹסˡ
ɫһ䣬ͻȻȫ޷ˣɫֵĶŻޱȵһԼؿϴ˹
ˣ
ôţ֪Լʵ̫Բˡ
ݣ
ֱϮ
ǣһûԤд˱ؿڡ
ǣ˾Ȼıסˣ뱩ؿֻ֮ʱȻͣ
ô£ɫоȫ±һɿֲסˣʹȫ֮еĳȴ޷ٵݽһ֡
ȻҲܳԾһĻʵ̫ˣ͵ƷסʱһĻȫһģһصס
׵ɵסˣգգۣǰһĻģﾹȻסˡ
ãͻȻһĽеģšˣ
ﾪֵĶƷ磬ŭʵƷ磡ɶ㵽϶ʲôֽţΪʲôҶˣ
ϴ󡭡ѣƷСѾ̤ǰǲмھеĻһȺˡ
˵ˣ˶ڵģƷĶ˵һ

һĲҽУڻͻȻȼһɿµɫ𣬶ɫƬ֮䣬㽫յһɶϵ׶Ϊ˻ҽ
ֲ𺧣
ʱ䣬˶סˡ
ͽֻһĪϻ֪ƷʲôʱֵģڲʹлΪĩֶξħ˧ǿҲ
ϡϴ󣡣Ѿų˴ġO͡


1257 Сջ
Ʒ磡㣿ŵò˼ЩħҲǿ־оƷѾԶԶܶԸˡ
ôȴү˵Ҫɱ𣿡ƷٰЦ
ߣƷ磬û뵽㾹ȻôǿʵҪףǿ˹󹫾ɲܺģǣҲԲŹǵģҪߵǺˡ
òŷӦҪסƷ˫ȣݰƷ˵ϴʵ̫ˣԺҲҪˣ
Ʒ۱תſЦǺǣв𣿡˶٣Ʒֳ˵Ҹ㣡ֻҪǵңҲοЩ󱲣
ɱŭһȵɱǣүͣ
ǣ
ȺӦ͵ıһϣһеɱƷǡ
Ȼ
ȺɱʱһӰֱ˹ȥ৵˸һ۹⣬ټһҽУʮħ˲䱻˺飬мĵڵϣֵǣЩڵħ񶼱ˡ
ţСһӰЩ֮֫У⡣
һεˣû뵽Ʒ֮⣬СǵʵҲһһ̬գۼʮħͱǲɱˡ
ʵֻħ˧͡
ŵҰף˫֮ƺйӿ˳ǰµĲҲ̶õʬƷһˣЩҪ
ȴүЩ˿»ԶԶɡƷ΢΢һЦֻЦв˿µ⡣
ţ֮£źȰĴеϣң
˵꣬ӰԼٶȴӺд˳
ݵ˿үһڿȵǰ˲ֳλߣǿ˹󹫾λϣӵħ˧н׵ʵ
λϵĳ֣ԭɫеĿ׳˼ֵɫͷƷ˵Ʒ磬Ǹ˰ɡﵽħ˧߽ףҪԸλϿɲô׵ģƱػᾪħ߾ţ
ߣǾȻħݲħ߾кĿģǴǾ·һһλ߳ߵʵǶƷǵʵһͿ͸Ҳ뵽Ҳû뵽ǿô̬ɡ
ĿĵУǾǻǿ˹󹫾Ʒ˫һ裬κȻһӰ
һ̣Ʒ羹Ȼֵλϵǰ
㣿λɫ䣬ûиоƷ絽ʲôʱġ
֮£λͬʱ֣еݺݵĶƷϸҪλ˹ȥ
ǵĶʵ̫ˣƷɫһһӰӰǧӰֻһһƬƬƬɣƷ羹ǽλеħˡ
λɫ䣬֪ʲô飬һϢֱƶǷӦ֮˵ؿ϶ѾƿһѪ
תۼ䣬λʶƷʱ򣬾ֵĿƷѾŻħ
ֲ
λﵽħ˧н׵ǿߣһգ۵ĹͱƷɱˣħ񶼸
һ亹ƷʵҲʵ̫̬˰ɡ
ͨͨ
λϳĵ˵ϣĿ״产ˣͻӼ˿־塣
ϡȲ˵Ʒʱŵһңټ΢󡭡ˣǡ飬˴ˣ󡭡ܹŹСˡԺҾħūҶԸ⡭
ħūҲϡҵ֪ûҪĶƷ
ҪʲôҶ㣬ҵѾˣȻ̿Ӧ
ҪһݹħĵͼһЩϡƷ˵
СУȻУɫ˵㽫еħȡĨȥʶĵݵƷǰ˵ˣиʮ˳ǵĵͼϣĵطǴ󹫾ʱûУ滹вپʯТġ
Ʒħ䡣
һʵǡǴ˿ԷŹ𣿡
ȻԣҪǷ㣬ǵʵǾͱ¶ˡƷ˫ӹһݹ⣬ȻûӦʹĸоؿħƷצָ˽ȥ
㡭ȾʣֻĿԼؿħƷݺݵȡ˳
ߣɱңҲúõƷһֱһŽȥĿ߷˳ȥ
磡С˹
ǵõ˲ٵջ񡣡Ʒ˵ͷ㽫õĿħ񶼵ݹ˽֣ЦǺǣֵܣЩħȥðɣӦÿͻƵħ˧н׵ľˣõĻ˵ͻƵħ˧߽׵ľ硣
ллּĽӹЩħͻˡ
Ʒ磬һô죿Ѿ֪ǵˡڲԶŵʧıѾɱġ
Ǻǣղ֪ΣգֵüǡƷ΢΢һЦֵȱٵҳϵĻ顣
ţƷǱߵ˱ǰ
Ʒ
һȻѣһƷ㼤Ĺеϴô˵Ҷˣ
㲻ǡƷص
ᣡԲᣡҿѪģеȻѪģȻƷ粻Ǻ֪ܶµĿħݶѪġ
ˣҲûȥˣ֮±ñܡƷ˵
ôЩ˸ôΧЩʬʵ
ǺǣֻССħѣǿ⼪ɵǣҲỳɵͷˣͿˣǺúȥĥɡƷЦЦ
ƷǱɱֻͽ׶ޣȻ뿪ħֻȥˡ
뿪ħ֮ħ˾ͱȽϲˣ˼أÿҲһջ񣬵ƷһʧСջ
ΪþδЩħҲħѰãֶħз˺üʬ壬Ϊ˷ֹĳ֣Щħֻܴзħ߾פˡ
ȻҲԲỳɵƷǵͷϡ
ֱ뿪֮á
ʱڶħУһӰ֡
û˾ǿ⼪ħ߾ŵĸ֮һ
⼪𾪵Χµʬ壬Щʵ̫ˣλ϶ȥħ񣬻оԼֶ
Ϊ⼪ЩԲú͵͵Ϲˣû뵽Ȼ˾ĵһĻ
쵰Ʒ磡ҾԻǲú⼪ݺݵ˿ȵʬ壬ʧڶħ֮С


1258 ų
˹󹫾
֮Уɵһ߱ʬ壬⼪߬ȭͷվһԣ֡
˹ʬʱһ㶣Ȼһվǰ˼ʹĽеȶҵĶ
磬Բ𣬴ҹȥʱ򣬿ȺλǶѾɱˡ⼪ϴŭص
ˣôܣ˹ɫͣӡ
úܲңԷֶκ̣ܲǾħ˧߽׵ʵȻɱǡ⼪˫ص
ħ˧߽ףǼħ𣿡˹ʡ
֪ռƻ˵Ӧþǣʵ벻ףȷʵֻħʵΪܹɱ˿Ⱥͳǣʵ̫ˣѵǶʵ𣿿ôģ⼪ҡͷŭɫ
ҪɱǣҪΪȶǱ𣡡˹Ľеڱϱˣ⼸ݲļһǱħ߾ţûк£
磬ɣ⼪æ
Ϊβɣѵôװ׵ñȶò𣿡˹ʹ˵
磬ˣħ߾ħСӳ֪˵Ļǿ˹󹫾Ҫħ߾Ųң֪£ǼһзǱȵʵʱܻܿõ˵ãǶǾ͸Ӳˡ⼪һ֣ص˵
¾ô𣿡˹ǲʣԼȥĶӣ˹Ǻ޲óħ߾פɱƷǡ
Ȼܾôˣ⼪ɫݰ˵ȻҲ֪ǷжǿʵȻǸԸԤôǵҾа취ǣ¾ͽҰɣҾԲôʧģ
Ҳֻˡ˹ͷʹ಻ѣһӸԵòࡣ
Ϊһ֮󣬿˹󹫾ʵ
ǣ˹ȴǽ¸סˣ͵͵ĽħֵЩʬˣħ߾ŵϼɡ
ֻ˹󹫾Ǳõ͵һֱΪĿȣӴ֮ҲҲˡ

˺ֹ˺ü졣
⼸ƷǶ͵͵Ľн
ƷЩ֮󣬳֮У¶׷Ʒ硣
ȻƷҲûдǰ£Ʒصذ˼ħֱħн׵ľ磬ֻǱħʵ
˼ħ˧ħ֮ʵҲħ˧н׵ʵѾٽħ˧ڵͻƵˡ
ֻǣƷǻû뿪Ԥӵ˼ǼԤС
ʧ֮£ϼҲȥħе飬һֻܲ²ǻܵùһЩǿĶޱˣҲֻ˵ˡ
˺ԤӵܸҲһ˽ӹܡ
ӣĹȥ
Ԥ֮УвѾͻƵħ׵ľ磬ʽΪħ߾ŵ
ħ߾ܲ
ܲڹеһطռݵķΧ䱸ɭϣƾѾﵽ˽ǧλħ
ħ߾Ĵӳųϼħ˧ʵߣһֱסܲС
ܲҲħ߾ŵ´
ʱڴ֮Уλӡ
λ֮ϣһλĴӣȴܰĲһѪɫĴִЩѪɫɲѰ֮ǴﵽħѪħ
λӵݣҲħ߾ŵųףоǾ֮ǿħ˧ħ߾Ҳͬһ
˺󣬴λлλӣɢսҲǴսĥս
λӣҲħ߾λųѪǷ磬ħ˧߽ǿߡ
ܰƺڵȴĳһ㡣
ͻȻ
⼪̤˴һױ㹧ų˼ˡ
׵
ǣų⼪ӦѰ˴λ¡
ٺ٣⼪ųħֵôˣЩǷЦ
ѾȥˣȻһǻһЩӦĶޣԲš⼪ƽĻص
ôֻп⼪ųвŻɣѪŷ̵
⻰ʲô˼⼪Ѫ
ҿûʲô˼ֻǾÿ⼪ųĽ̫ǣǿ˶ѡѪЦЦ
Ѫų˵ħʮķΧǼǿĶ޳ûģܻܲѾΧɣҲ
ˣͻȻȻ䰲
Ȼ󣬺䶢ſ⼪˵⼪ʧԺҪעˣǵıѾˣԲκεʧ
ǡǣųѵǣԺ󲻻ˡ⼪̿Ӧŵһ亹Ļ֮⣬׵Ƿǳġ
΢΢ͷ˵֮ǰֱչˣ˷ǳʳħ飬ǽЩˣ
ħ֮Уﵽһǲ֮µ˳ֵģҲǹغӡ
ߣʳħЩԽԽˣﲻѾ⵽ǵϮ٣Ѫݺݵ˵
ڷǳʳħ飬˲֣αǲħ߾ȥЩ壬Ҳɱǰһ֣صʵ²˳̫࣬͵ϮҲǰ֪λкԸǰ
ųȥɣԤʧ֮£˻Ὣ⼪ʾ
Ҳɡ΢΢ͷֵǾŵǰɣҪЩɺ޵ʳħ壡
ǣų⼪ӦֵҪҴŵǰĻųԤӵһã
Ԥӣüͷʵ⼪ԤֻЩħѣҲǽħ߾һɺȥԸʳħĻԤɾȥҪһɣ
ųҲ֪ʳħһֱУҪȫĲǷǳ֡ԤΪնĻԼʧֿɲЩ壬ֻԤһıȻҲᾡıǵİȫ⼪˵
⼪ųֶοĺݰȻҪԤȥնѲŵ𣿡Ѫıĵ
ߣǲţǻǵвҲǾȥȫħ߾ŵʵѡ⼪ߵҪȻǰ
˵ˣ׻˻֣ſ⼪˵⼪ȻҲ̫ͬǶħ߾ŵʵȫҲġ˶ԤӵӣֻɽԤ֮һıҪԤӵʧ⸱ŵλҲͷˣ
ףҾԲųʧ⼪г
׵ͷѪ˵Ѫ𣬴ЭɣһҪͬЭ壡
ǣѪӦмıۿ⼪
⼪ûᣬǰƷ磬ֻҪǻԤӣҾǣ


1259 ս
ԤӪеԤӶڽĲƷҲֻӶѡ
Դӿ󣬿˹󹫾ʧأԲܿ˹󹫾һֱܰġ
Ȼ
ԤӪķ֮УװһȺħսʿ
̼ϣԤӵĸ˵ȽееԤӱٶȼϣЩԤӵħҲװϣǳ֮ࡣ
ˣǸħ˧
ǺǣﾹȻ߲ưƷ簵һЦ
ţȺӭһȺħսʿΪ׵һλĿӣŨüۣÿһߵĶǳǰһλսսʿ
λӣǿ⼪Ĵŵų
ħ˧߽ף²٣˵Ӧþǿ⼪ˡƷ簵Ȼ߲ƣֻǺܺο⼪ǰʲô⡣
μųЩħһ⼪ʱ򣬵Ľе
ԤеˣųľѣԵЩųԤӪһǼġ
ǺǣȻСЦо˿⼪ʵħ˧߽׵ʵ
⼪΢΢ͷڳһۣƺѰʲôһ㣬ĿƷϵʱ򣬲ͣ˼֡
գԵúܽţ˸ҳ
ã⼪Ԥӵ˵ԤӪıֶܳɫųҲǳӶԤӺųصΪԤӪһǳҪ񡣡
񣿡
˾㵲ѣһССԤӪѣȻųǲŶ˾˷ܼ
ǺǣǶҲǳȤɡ⼪ЦЦɫεΣգǳɹ˵ĻôԺħ߾Ǿͽɻڴ
⻰رǷɻڴջѾǰ˵Σա
ЩԤӪħҲǸеΪĺ棬˵ǺΣյһǾԲԤӪȥִеġ
Ӧ⼪˵֪ϳ֮⣬һֱʳħΣǵĳ񣬽ʳħľٶøΪųǳӣصǲǵŵɾǰʳħ弫öԸֲܵħ߾еıŵıޣųصˣҪԤӪıЭ
ʳħ壡
˾ֲѣǹʳħ壬ԭǵļͻȻǱˮһ㣬ʱ䲻Ҳ̣Ҳ֪ʳħжôĿ¡
ңҪĲЩԤӪʵħ£ʳħ彻սĻɾѰ·
ɣ濪ʼϸϸ˽
ʳħʲôģƷ紫ʵ
ϴʳħɲǣʳΪһֱϳĵشʳǻһӵĵط֮£˺ӣʧȥǣΪʳħʳ˲˽ȥЩʳħ壬Ա㽻ħ߾ţһֱħ߾ʼԽЩʳħ˼𣬶ʳħڵķܺܿ죬ʳħȺʮ֮ˡЩԤӪЩʳħսĻԤӪʤ㣡ĴɫԵЩ⡣
úݵļһ⼪һҪԤӪȥˡƷ簵⼪Ϊ˱ԼȻֶζó
ţ⼪Ұ
㰲ǿ⼪ʱѾû֮ǰ˷ܼˣǶ˼ֺ¡
⼪뵽ˣʧһ̰ӣԺħ߾ţֱֵĻǸûʸҪ˵ԺҪػǵĻ군ˣ
⼪ħ޾ſǻϺô򵥵ļ仰˵Щ˲˽ˣЩ
˳Ĭ⼪Ҳûˣ˵Ȼ˴εȷʵǺΣգԤӪ˵ҲһսԸһԤӪΪ΢ħҲ޻˵ЭǵսʤʳħĻԺ󽫻ǰ;ǳΪħ߾ŵ·ҪôһֱԤӪħ߾ŲҪַҪôðһƴȻӵϵĵλ
һһ֣в˻ᱻ˵ɡƷ簵ߵƷҲ֪⼪ҪĿĻԼһȥ
磬ҪǾͱȥˣһô졣Се
ȻѾսˣôأҲƷ⡣
ҲǣѾˣЩС𡣡С͵͵Ц
ʱѾ˿ʼˡԤӪͺܲпᣬҺûǰ;ԼǺðգҲҪðһƴ
⼪ɫһ˵ҲǿǣԸȥ˾ǰ̤һ
˵գƷǾ̤һ
£ƷѾˣҲǳǰ̤һ
⼪˫һ裬߰ķһĨЦ
󣬽в̤˳ȻԽԽ࣬Ѿﵽǧ˴ˣЩҲǲԤӪˡ
⼪ƺѾˣֵˣҲҪôˣǶʿѾԺħ߾гǵӰȻˣҲģֻܵһλˣ
˶٣⼪˵ڴ˴βμЭսˣÿ˶ɵõʮźھʯЭǵѾڳפȺǶҶɣʯսǰǣ
ʮźھʯ
˾㵲ѣЩṳ̂һˣڶǰûڲˡ
󣬿⼪ŴԤӪѡǧλħ뿪ħ߾פأȻϳķȥ
ã˵ϳ⡣
֮֮أѾһӴʱפأȺӿһħսʿѲţս죬ʱפ֮Уʮڶħһսףսˣ䲻
ǵŵʵ
˸ſ⼪һħѾˣսʿ˼ǣǾȻЩսʿһ𲢼ս
߽ţĪսƼ£ԤħԵЩҲ˷ܣû뵽Ҳ߽ŵӪ
ƷҲ΢һŵʵȴǺǿﵽħ߽ߵʵѾռ˴󲿷֣滹λʵﵽħ˧н׵ųнʮλﵽħ˧ʵĴӳʵǳǿ
⼪ж׼ѾΪԤӵ˰סӪҲûΥŵڰú֮Ԥ˶䵽ʮŵĺھʯ
ֻǣûܹõЩھʯǾ˵ˡ


1260 ʳħ
գһŽ֮죬еսʿװ
ټĿյ֮УҡһƬƬɭʮڵħսʿͦζϵս˸Ĺ⡣Ӵսƾ裬֮УһƬɳ
սʿǷԶԶ޷ġ
ħսʿĺ֮ǧڵĲ¼ԤӾԵúˣȫǶħսʿУݵĻôЩħֻǳ䵱ڻҼĽɫˡ
ЩԤӵ˵һμ׳۵ĳ棬˷ֽܶţѾʼȼһѪܹħ߾Ųսǿޱȵٰ
ƷҲǰΪħеľŹȻǿǾ粻ĻƾһսԱѹˡ
ʱ⼪ħ˧ǿߣϵĳս
սֻħһпǵħޣձƷѾ߱ħʵսĻһݵҲֻдﵽħ˧ʵ߲ѱս
ಣ
һλս׵ӳսħȳǿλ֮УΨдﵽħ˧ʵſС
˱Ѫƿħ߾ŵһŵųͬħ߽׵ʵ
Ѫų
еħսʿĺס
˸Сѣƣħеħ˧ǿôҲ̫˰ɡ
ʱѪ䵽˿⼪ԡ
Ѫųɾ͵ˡ⼪˵
Ǻǣųսг񰡡ѪЦЦż̵ַʵ
ȻѾʮİգҪѪųϣҵŵʧ⼪Ļص
ǵȻҿǷŴ֮ԵЭǵšѪЦѪ̽ͷԤ˼ֵۣųȻһ֣Ȼ˵ôԤӵΪǵ
ܹǵһͬսǵҡ⼪һڽ
ǣ
ھۻӦ
⼪һְγңָǰе
һ£ʮǰУһȺȺּսʿһ㣬ֱǰԤҲǻֵ̿ĽںֻЩ벻ףŵʵôǿΪλҪԤЭأоԤٵÿǧڣɲ϶ó
ǰ֮һƬ֮أݲŨŨĺʱʱĴķ紵ĺХ֮ЩǺĸо
սʦ磬ŲǰС
Ʒ簵ĿܵĶ֮ʮĵطһȺϢڻЩϢаӦþЩʳħˡ
ЩʳħҲܽƻƺѾ˵ŵĶʮ⴦ӴȵŵıҪǿһ
Ʒ磬ôʡ
ãʳħѾ⼪ǲûиоŵʧ᲻СƷ紫
ʳħôǿ𣿡㵵ʡ
ǿҲ֪ȻǳԳȥʳħ壬Ų׵͡ҪǿԸֵĻһٱɵĲʳħ塣ħУЩǿѸ߹һǲֶԸЩģ벻ЩôġƷ簵
ٺ٣ǻٹЩʧصĻ⼪ͻȥýˡСհЦ
Ǻǣ⼪һҪˣǴˡƷһЦ
ֱá
ʱѾǰ˽ʮ֮ء
ʮ֮УһаϢԵԽӵŨˣɭɭĺ鴦ʯң֮ء
ͣ
⼪еʾֹͣ⼪ҲɵҲһЩ⡣
ѪΧһۣɫ˵ܲԾҲԶˣﲻܻôİ
û⼪ɫ˵ʳħǳƻжǿƣЩһﲻûзǡ
ʳħó֮⴦طľأӦöѾǱ⸽ˡѪ˵ȻѪһֱԿ⼪ڲЩл֮Σ壬ѪҲǷǳԴġ
ߣ취Ǹ⼪һ
ųкߣѪʡ
ǺǣǲǴն𣿡⼪հЦЦԤǱߡ
ȻҺܲϲֶΣڲΪһԼʧĺ⡣ѪޱĻص
⼪˵ͷԤ﻽˽ǧˣбƷһˣλǰѾҪӽʳħˣҪǰȥ飬ҲǿǵʱˣǵŻᱣǵġ
˵õǺܺãⲻҪЩ˵ڻҼնҪĻԤԶԶ޷ȵġ
ǣڿ⼪ĻЩ˲ΥֻӲͷƤдͷ󽥽ǰȥһ׷С
⼪ŵţĸԤӵЩ˺档
ⲻҪȥ𣿡ߵŭѡ
û£Щʳħ˽ƻĺݣǲмˡƷص
ȻƷЩԤӵǰãѾҪӽˣĴȻ޶⾲ȴ˸е
Ԥӵµ۷˻ϾѾˡ
⼪üͷ壬ѵ̫ôһ㶯ûС
ɴ⣬ʳħܽƻǵŵǲ߽صĻǲᶯˡѪ֣ص˵
ԣ⼪ɫһе˽䱸
ٶŵʮʿ㾯⼪ŴǰУʱ̾ܵĶԵüѹ֡
ʱǰг֮صʱ򣬿еаԽӵǿʢҰ𽥵һϢŨصɱ
ͣ
⼪ֵֻ
ѪɫأҸоǺѾΧˡ
⼪ͷеĳʳħһƬشѾãʵҲǾС
ţ⼪һ£ͱгԲ״ܡ
䣡
ͻȻдһ죬кȻһɹӴĺ̾
˴󾪣ĸоܱһɹɿµɱǰΧ
СĽ䱸⼪е
ħ߾ţЩħҲǷǳߵģһӱ侲еѱ
飡飡
ͻȻܴһƬƬıը֮죬ΧʯкԤװĴܳһĺӰһƬƬ̶˻ӵɱ˴
⼪һٶŭеɱ
Ȼ֮䣬˱ŭһЩӰгɱ˹ȥ
ԤȴԵþŲѣϽжȥ
ݣݣ
ĺڰУʵϮ
ס⼪һС
˷׷׻ֵ

һĲҽУϰλħ˲㱻Щĺи̵˺Ѷ
쵰⼪ŭһմսԾ˲סӰһݺݵĻȥһƬҽУӰ㱻⼪һɱˡ
ʱ֮УȺĺӰ͵˽һɹɺɫӿһ㣬ǿг˴档
ʱƷҲڿЩӰ
ЩӰͨںڣȫ˶ĵĺɫͷϳֻĳǣӳʰѪɫŷֻͺСоһȺһ㣬ֻЩﳤüΪªϳ˿µа׺ޱȡ
ЩªĹҲνʳħˡ


1261 
ĺ֮УһƬƬӰ৵ĳڴ֮Уԭƶˡ

ɫ䣬˻δӦЩСĺӰ͵Ĵ´ֱ˵ǵϰצֺݺݵıסǣݺݵſĳֱ˵һҧȥ̵ĽƤĳ

һʹĲҽУ̼㵹˽ǧˡ
Щ׺ݵĺӰƾŰСƻȺδţٶȼ죬ֶ׺ݣһĿֱȥ
ȻʳħЩħϵ׶вǵצӺĴףݺݵץѪ֮У̵˺ҧѪ⣬ҰѾסǵˡ
ڣʳħͻȻϮټزɢĺӰ죬ռϵƣݣһӾͱɻңҽ
һʳħбˡû뵽˵ݣǶܾˡǵʵձ鲻߱˱ħϵʵвٵʳħѾﵽħ˧ʵԱȵҪࡣ
Ҳ˿ӰʳħĹƣѾͻϮбúܻңһȵĺӰѪ̵ոЩħ
ԤӵȴǶ˻ҵȺ棬ЩʳħƺûҪȥԤӵ˼ǶѾ֪Ԥӵʵ࣬Ψȶܹǲвĵչ͵Ĺ
ңֿ⼪ŭһŶ꣬⼪ҲӦ֮ߣеħ˧ǿߣ߶սȺ֮С
⼪Ϊħ˧ǿߣǿƣ⼪һ˳Ⱥ֮УܶʳħԱնɱֱɱһѪ·
ſ⼪ǵļ룬ǱȶࡣŵʵҲͽģ㿪ʼȺĲһ𣬷ؿʼܣЩʳħȻܲĳɱ˹ȴЩħǸɱ
ЩʳħϾûйӲľʣټǿ˷֮ЩʳħĹƾû֮ǰǰˡ
˫֮䣬Ųҵƴɱ
Ӱ⽣ӰһƬƬĲҽ˫֮䵹µԽԽ࣬ʳħʧȴǷñȵŻҪӵء
ΧЩΧһܷŹ⼪ееĳոһһʳħ
һ£ħѾΧЩʳħѾ֪бħŸΧˡ
ЩʳħͻȻоǿʼ֪Ѿʼúܻˣ˵Ƿǳġ
ɱ
ŭĺɱŵ˶ŭˣסЩʳħչҵķһĽâǹֵϮţЩĺӰһâΪҡ
Щ󣡻ҵŲɱɱɱǣ⼪ĴЦţһȺħ˧ǿ߶סЩʳħ·ݺݵɱš
ѪҲûκε֣ȫЭ⼪ǣλħ˧߽ǿ֣ЩʳħԻǵĶ֡

ҵĽʳħһƬһƬ֫壬ѪɺӣչսмΪпһĻѾЩʳħΧסˣͭǽһ㣬ذأЩΰСʳħԳƳȥ
ȥĻʳħҪսȦˡ
ԤӵڿϷһ㣬ΪǸûгֵĻᣬǳֵĻܻӰŵ͡ڵˣҲȥŵƴˣǿĶء
ҸоǾǶģǸͲ岻֣ΪƵ˵ڼҵƴɱǿġ
ǺǣⲻãԤҲóˡֵЦ
Щʳħ˺ܲ򵥣ѾоһӴϢѾʼڱƹˣЩʳħƷ΢΢ҡͷ
ǻһ㵡
ʳħܹаԵѾãɱСǣЩʳħֻһնѣǳǿǲöԸǡƷ絭˵ʵŵĴƷûںԴʼգƷǸû׼Ҫֵ˼
ɱ
⼪кȵѾɱۣ߶սĻӶеĳɱһƬƬѪҺЩʳħѪʬѾɵࡣ
ȻΪ֮ǰʳħ͵ϮҲʧı
˷ŭѣڽЩʳħŲ̱ԵĲɱ
ʱɱþ֮ʱ
ȻĺĴĴһı졣
ɫһ䣬δӦӿһȺʳħӵŽı͵ĴӴĺ󷽴Χɱ
𣡡
һĺУЩԮʳħ˹ֱѹһƬȺݺݵ˺ЩħףҧǲȻֱӽؿħ񶼸ץ˷顣
ͻת䣬ħ͵Ϯʧء
ãȻ˻ǵ죡Ѫɫء
⼪ŭѣû뵽ʳħȻ˹ƶˣȻǿʵЩԮʳħУʵԶ֮ǰҪǿ࣬вǴﵽħ˧ʵʳħ
Ʒ֮⣬Ԥӵ˶ɵˣû뵽ʳħ徹Ȼ׳˿µѾŵıˡ
𣡺𣡡
ײеʳħǰͺ̰˽˴֮УǵצſǷļҵĹš
ţɱ⼪𳤽е
һ£˻ȻѰ㣬չӭ˫֮䣬ȫӲӲɱһ𣬳ԽӵĲңʬǶѾѳɽˡ
⼪Լıһʧô࣬˫۳죬ʹѣŭ죬ѪѪ֣¿æˣ
¹ħ߾ŵҲŹǵģѪĻصеĳ
ɱ⼪ŭһѪеħ˧ǿߣɱڵĳ忪һѪ·ӭʳħ
飡飡
ս̤ŵ棬⼪ħ˧ǿߴ߶սǳȺʳħгɱȥ
ȻǺѹѹʳħ֮УͻȻɴܳʮӰЩӰҪǿ׳࣬ЩӰǾ߱ħ˧ʵʳħ
ಣಣ
һӰֱӶԼٶȱ˿⼪ǡ
⼪ɫ䣬ӭ
ǣЩͻȻðĺӰɱ⼪ǣ³ս
꣡
һƬƬѪ⽦ɶһƬƬ⼪µս̵ĸݲеķѣ⼪ȲѵԾڿա
ţʮӰҲų⼪Ķš
ԭħ߾ŵλųǿ濴ʳħ壡˵Ҳһλʳħˣλʳħ˵ȿ⼪ǻҪߴͣ˫˸ѪĹâϵǳŵĺ⡣
ߣȻһ⼪һʮδĳһ㣬Ľš
ʳħ죬ӵħ˧߽׵ʵٽʵ
ƷҲע⵽λʳħ죬оʵǿȿ⼪ѪҪǿֻϧϻˣʵҪࡣ


1262 ħ
֮Уɱ죬˫ڼҵɱţ漫ң洦ɼɵһĻ
֮ǰΧЩʳħˣԮЩʳħ˼лŵţھԤӶԽˡ
𣡺𣡡
ٸײеʳħˣѪԤгȥ
ɫ䣬Щʳħ˲ٿɶǴﵽħʵԤôܻǵĶ֣ڵŶѾԹ˲Ͼˣ޷ȥӻԤˡ
ϴˣô죿ɫϾЩʳħ˵ײУΪη塣
Щħ͸˵ЩʳħɱʱŵɫҰף˾Ȼһ
ƷɫһȻɱˣܲԴˣȵɱ
䣬ƷǱֱӳɱ˹ȥ
ڵսܻңƷҲصԼʵᱩ¶ȥһȥһ˲ɱʮλʳħˣսȵŻҪǿ͡
Щʳħ˸ͲƷǵĶ֣Ŷ̶Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ٸʳħ˾ͱƷǸˡ
ԤӵЩԭŵˣƷǾ˵ͣ𾪲ѣҲȼеĶ־׷ֳƷǳɱȥ
ΧЩʳħҲߵ춯ȺȺĳɱƷЩǿѹЩʳħ˸ԻԤӣۡ
˫սüΪңͲע⵽ԤҲбֵ͵ʱ򣬻֮ǰЩʳħ˶Ԥӽˡ
ƷȴûмԺԮЩʳħչڰųȥЩ֮ѾǺܸˡ
ԤӵѾ̵ļʶƷǵʵƺѾƷΪˣƷͣˣȻɻ󣬵ҲҼս֮УȻսŵĺ󷽹սš
ڣ֮ҵ˺ţ˴˶ʧء˵ʧʹˡ
ɱ
ŵ˷ŭޱȣеʳħжš
Ȼ֮䣬ʬǱأŨѪζڿ֮У˶ѾɱۣµѪʬҲԽԽࡣ
ǣ֮䣬˭ҲûоˣԽսԽ£ңҲ̶á
ʱ⼪ҲҵϿմһ
ʵǿּǿᣬԿ⼪ѪֶֻԿѷ֡
֮ħ˧ǿߣҲϿƴš
ݣ
⼪һ̹ȥޱȡ
ǲмצ͵һץס˿⼪еĳЦǺǣǵų˵ʵ˵㣡
죡⼪ŭ͵ڳһ֣ݺݵĳŲǳªлȥ
ɫһҲڳһ֣ȴǰŷצӣݺݵӭ˿⼪һơ
飡
˫Ƴһ𵴳һɺڹⲨơ⼪ƾӲĻ⼪ǷǳԿġ
Ȼ⼪ʹһϾǱ˺ƿһѪۣ⼪ʹջ֡
һЦſ⼪еĳ͵Ľ⼪˿ưľȭݺݵĳſ⼪Ϻȥ
⼪ɫôһ⼪ֻ˳ϿȥһȭĳȴռȻԿ⼪ѽסһȭ
ۼ⼪Ҫˡ
һѪͻȻӲĺɱ˹
΢΢һΪѪһٶȼ죬ֻ÷Ը⼪͵һת̽צֱץѪһ
ݣ
Ѫһն˹ȥһĺâϮ˲
ֱһֻɨ˹ȥ
顱һ
âֱӱһֻӳɷ飬Ҳŭˣȵ
͵ģѪȥһӱƵѪǰֱһ޴צӳѪͷ֮ĸ˹ȥ
Ѫһֳ𳤽˲һ
飡
һǿҵѪļס˲һצ
ͫһ䣬ſٵڳһ֣Ѫؿڲλ׺ݵ˹ȥ
Ѫɫһ䣬ڱһָţ
ͻȻ
⼪˹ŭľ𳤽Ųĺ˺նȥ
ݣ
Ľݺݵڲı˺ƿһ̵ѪڣѪӿ˳
𣡡ʹһȥ
⼪ӵѪʵѪ֣û°ɣ
áѪ΢΢ͷɫŲԶŭɫĲ˵һﲻöԸҺú֣
ңһ֮ɫס˺󱳵˿ڣſ⼪Ѫ˵Ⱥúȥڵƣ
⼪Ѫ㻷¿մսǾ㵵ǣѾҪֵסʳħĹˣѾҪʧ˽ı
ΧЩħ˧ǿߣʳħռһЩƣսҲǺܺá
⼪ŭѣԵѪ˵Ѫ֣ȥЭţһᾡסҪȻҵſɾˣ
ⲻܿϧֹңһлֳһͨѪ֮ɫս
սֵʱ򣬲ƿѪڱһѪҺŲѪɫսСűӿһɿµϢɢ˳սе˶оɿµϢ
ǡ⼪Ǵסˡ
ǿħС
ħƷɫԴż־ɫû뵽λʳħϾȻħѹ󣬿⼪Ҫùˡ
⼪ѪеѪɫս֮ʱɫԵ÷ǳѿ
ôħ⼪ʡ
ǺǣǰɣѪǵҴõģҾ޿ɷˡȻҪԸǵĻҲԶԶ㹻ˡһЦ
⼪Ѫ˴˻һۣ͵ıһͬɱ˹ȥ
⼪ǻӽɱм
ţһѪǵбɢһɿֲϢĳſ⼪ǳķһնȥ
䣡
һ죬һɨ֮£ͽȻûһ׶Ѫɫǣһǿޱȵѹ˿⼪ǡ
⼪ɫҧأ֮ĹעгѪɫǺն˹ȥ
û뵽Ѫǵʵ̫ǿˡ
𣡡
Ѫɫŭһռж΢΢һƣֲһ㣬ӵ̾˿⼪ˡ
䣡
⼪ȫһֱӱѪɫǸ޴ݺݵĺ˿⼪˵ϡ

⼪ʹһѪеĳƷɣҲȥڵҳһӡս
䣡
һ죬ΧڼеȺҲһ׷Ʒ˳ȥ
ų
˾һ⼪Ѫλųŵ˶һ֮ɫλųˣǻȥսʤʳħ
ǿϴó˰ɣǰˣǽ˰ɣСɫ˵ѪǵҲмɻ䡣
ǳ֣ѾˡƷص
˭ɻ
ʱһܿ⼪ˣΪܣѪǵǣǱʱˣ˶ɱݺݵɱ
ʳħսڣøӵͣɱš󽵣ȻƵһˣ˵ԽԽࡣ
áġ⼪Ŵ˵ĳӣôܸĵžôԼ
ģһƴˣѪҲվŭѡ
͵ģ⼪ֳȥŲ
ۿ⼪ĵߣ°ܽ𣿡
˵ֳ꣬ľеѪǵǿϢֹӿ˿ֱſ⼪ǡ
⼪شھȻѪǵĵЩֵסˡѾԱƺѾ˾ѵǾô
Ȼ
ڲӵ֮ʱһװ𣺡þò


1263 ׵ǿ
֮У㻺Ľһս׵ĿӣϲŴִѪɫԵ
ûħ߾ŵųס
ų
˷׷״ϲѣ⼪ҲԵúܼ
ڼ׳ֵʱɫ鶯˫ĿѪĹâƺԺ׼Թޡ
׼ʱ򣬵Եúƽӡ
ųƷ΢΢һоѾϢˣ֮Ѿܽˡ
ǿСǰΪľо׵ʵҪǣرں׵ϻоһɼΪµϢһɲħ˧ӵеϢ
ףãҲڸ˵ʱˣţǿϢ
ԵúƽûĽǵۿ⼪ˣ˵һ뿼ǣڿѾʧˡ
⼪ѪȻĴͷҳԡ
Ȼ󣬺ŭɫĲ˵ҵǴģû뵽ʮҰĻûб䣬ȡǵĵλڵûоȫɱ㣡
ٷϻźףмʵף㲻Ǿƾһ˴ʳħɣ
ȻǣһûôԸ׵˵
ţб㴫һ֮죬ǶķʵĺпԼһȺӰӿţٵıƽš
㣡ɫһ䡣
ɱ
űһĳɱ֮ʮ֮ڵħɱڵĳ˹
ûЩѪµĵһš
Ȼ֮䣬һǿƳ룬ս֮УԭռƵʳħתתŵıѾҪﵽ˶ʮڶħ˧ǿߵļ룬ʳħڸͲŵĶ֡
˲ת䣬ʳħ⵽ŵҷȫѹԵĴʳħ˼Ϊأȥֿ
ʢŭѣźŭеףǿɶǺȻŵʵѵǾͲµ¹ųǵв𣿡
ʵ⼪ѪҲɻһӳôı˵ǷǳðյģϾܱߵļǶǻ
䵭˵˼˵˼Ѿ²⵽ʳħѾĳЩǹˣȻǻûֵزǿбҪЩ࣡
ߣǺãڵҪк͵סҵѪǵһѾƱҪɱ˺ˡ
Ѫǵüͷƺ²⵽ʲô
ɫһֱѪǵź׺ն˹ȥ
𣡡
һŭ֮Ѫǵȥ֮ʱ˲ûһѪɫǣͬһ㣬ǿ׵ȥ
նѪɫǡ
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һɿֲϢѾбľϮΧȺƵ÷׷ȥ⼪ѪҲǲ˵һߡ
Ʒȴ˫۽źףѪǵƣû뵽׾Ե˵ƽ
ۼſѪڵѪɫǾҪڿʱ
ͻȻ
˫һ裬ôһƵѪ͵ķɴܶѪзŹѪ⣬һһ㣬ƶžѪɫǡ
Ѫɫǻδȥ㱻һѪĲסˣ˻ţԶ
ȻѪ͵һս
أһ
ѪɫǱ㱻˷ĩΪس
ħƷǴΪɫѹֺ׻Եˣԭ̣ѪƷҪѪǵһˡ
ܣѣѪǵȻ׸ˡ
ûʲôܵģˣٻ뿪ˣ׳͵һϵѪĴһ㣬һִѪЯһɹɾ˲
ߣǿûʵһеѪǵֱȥһһնЩϮѪ
ԭڵƺѪħΪһ壬ѪħĻѪǵЩѪ߰ĽƻĴȥܵٶȼ죬ȻһûѪ
ŭ֮£ȥЩѲѪ͵׵ɱȥ
˫һ裬ζһѪŲĺٵ˻˲
ɫһ䣬Ĺ
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һ͵һ˦ΧƶļѪֶԲ׷˹ȥ
һǣӦЩ֮£еѪǵǰ
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һ죬ڵ֮У˹ķʯ̳
׵ʵȻǿ˶Ѿˡ
ƷзȵĹâħ߾ŵѾԽԽҪˣ׵ʵǼĻճΪǿ߾Բ⡣
ǱѣּʳħѾʧ˴룬ŭѣҲ֪ǲսˣŭе
Щʳħ˱㿪ʼĳˣҲǰȱܡ
ӣûôףһʮѪһһ㣬ӴеĲ
ƺ׼ͻȻһתԾ֮ߣֱһѪѪǵУѪǵб㷺һаĹâ
͵ģȫһӭϮѪɨ˹ȥ
ݣ
ͽȻ֮䣬ֳһ޴Ѫâޱȡ
䣡
һ죬һѪѪâ֮У⵽һɿֲķ֮һɾ޴ıըӿ˿Ȼһǿˣ׷еȺҲһɾ˻ȥ
Եúܾ㵣סӣǱɾ˳ȥ
׷Ӧʱ򣬲ѴŽµʳħ֮ϽС
׷ŭ
ţһֱŭ׷УŲֹƺӲη塣
ģҾȻˣֱƻļһˣսȭͷǲʵ
󣬿⼪ѪҲ׷ʳħʧеʱֵĲټ


1264 
ӣ˼壬Ǿ̤еʱ򣬻Ƕʧһ㣬ΪһʧȥǣεУ޷ͨ˺ӣҲ޷лǴϿմԾĻҲܹܵǿҵ̼ȻС
ʳħڽеʱͬСͬʱʳħǱеʱҲΪʱ򣬵ͨеˣڱΪĿʱǱԾˮ棬ɱ
ˣҲ֮ӡ
ʳħǾסӵĶ԰Ӿ͸һʵҪȥʳħֻҪƹȥˣӵĸȴǵأʾͨĻǾͻһַʳħһֱΪǵš
ħУиĵĹ涨ǿ֮ϡûдʱǿǲɶµħ˶֣ȻĻѳȥʳħ塣
˿̣ѾֹˣƷҲǺȥ
ӵĺӿܴа֮ԶоˮȽǳҲֻûڴȱߵȡˮǳʺڰɫģðˮٶȺվںӰϵʱ򣬿ĸоһɼаϢǲ֪δëȻؽš
ųڿô죿Ѫʵ
ӾҶȥô죿εĻصҲղѣΪЩʳħʵ̫ƻˣֻҪдǰĻǱǱӵĸһĻǱܺܿӽ
ųɲܾôˣǵѾʧ˴ıҪǾôȥĻǵſɲǰװʧˣҲôʹ˸ġ⼪޺޵˵
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׳˼˻ЩԤӵȥնĻһֺܶ飬ŵʧô󣬾ôȥĻоֲǺܸġеĻʳħǲ뿪ˮĻ޷ĶģڲҲб׵ġ
ųҪôȥĻĺ¡⼪ֵֻҪųԸ⿪ڵĻԤӵ˾ԲΥųܹ
ðɡε̾ϢһתƷڵԤ˵ԤӵţһǳյҪȥ
һ㶣ƺѾ뵽ʲôһĲҰףų׵˭ȥΥ
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˶٣ֳǣ˵ǳΣգħ߾ŵʧأձóȥЩħ࣬Ҫͨӣֱ׵˵ҪȥնȻʱǻ߬סǣһᱣǵİȫǲغ£ЩħǷǳģֻҪһĻǻ̽ɱ֮Ļֱӽħ߾ÿ˻ʮźھĽ
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ųˣƷͻȻе
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⼪ŭУƷŭСӣһССħʲôʸų˵
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ױȥ
˵գƷΪףʼС
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1265 һ
ʱӴħ߾ѱȴϹ
ϵѪħҲǴ׵ҪĿǲ
⼪ҲǽеĶȴôãûκεʳħԾˮ档
ųѵûϹ𣿡ѪСʡ
Ҫԡ׵ĻصĿסеж
⼪ԵúܽţĪĸеֲγĻǿ⼪ʧɾʹˣϾ⼪µöעʵ̫ˡ
ʱƷεУƷ֮⣬˶ƺʧȥʶҲʧȥκεķ֮
Ʒȴǿĸоеܣζһɹ΢ϢȻʳħüΪڱ˵ħһССħˣֻҪӰĻɱǡ
ǣЩʳħ˷ǳƻƺѾƷЩֻЩնҲǶԶԶģûж֡
ȻⲢǲᶯ֣˫֮䶼ƴԡʳħܹ棬ǶҲгԿġ
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˽֮Ʒ׼ҪòϹˡ
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ݣݣ
һĽһ˲㽫ʮλʳħ˸ɱˡ
һѾĲˮĶȻ֪Ѿˣȴ֪ħ߾ŵˣԲû֡
˿̣ͻȻб䣬ʮλԵ޹ʵľôɱˡ
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ŭѣʱ˱޹𣬲̬ѰλµĻ˭ԲҲðա
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ǺǣϹˡƷ簵һЦڵȵþòϹˡ
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ЩѵȴʱһʳħԾˮ棬ƬļݺݵĳЩʳħмȥ

Щʳħɫ䣬צӵֵ
ݣݣ
ȼݣҼʵ̫ˣʮλʳħˣôֵܵסֵĹ

һҽУһӰС
ȻˮֽһƬƬˮЩʳħƺƷһ㣬ȺȺԾˮ棬벻׵ǣЩʳħ˵Ŀ꾹ȻЩԤӵϡ
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𣡺𣡡
ʳħˣӭļӰƴҲҪɱЩԤӵһ㡣
ȻЩʳħʵ̫ˣҼֵĹҲܹ˼ɵ̫࣬ȻʳħѾ˽࣬ԤӵҲǵȥ˴롣
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һϵѪħҲŷɴ˳ȥżɱЩԾˮʳħˣ漫ҡ
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䣡
Ȼһ죬ͻȻˮնֽѪǵ˸ѪŭƷʡµһˣŭĻӵȥ
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һĽ֮죬еѪǵδն㱻׵Ѫħǿ֮ȴǽʣԤӵ˸ɢ˿ȥ˶档
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ŭѣѾòˣɴź׳ȥף쵰ú£ҾҲԲŹ㣡
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ױ۵еĿ⼪ˣЩɶǾԤӵĹ͡
ǡǣų˵üǣԺһֺúԤӣǼҵţǶԤӵĲɡ⼪ͷЦĲѡ
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ˣ
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ɣ˷׷ǾеȥΪǲ𾪵ģ˾ȻƷ硣
׾֣ħ߾ŵ˸ǾϢŵһĻ
ʱƷĴйð˳߷ŵЦƺſ⼪˫ۡ
⡭ⲻܡ⼪ȫȫűͻӼҪ˳ڼƷֵʱ򣬿⼪оһɿ־ӿͷ


1266 εħ˧
һһƷ绺Ӱ߱ƽš
˿̣ԡ
⵱ȻΪƷ绹ţǼƷľ״̬ǳãһԼ߻ģҲ˵ƷûܵӵӰ졣
ǻþǻþ⼪״εţЩֵرڼƷʱ򣬿⼪вһɰûڣҲССħͲԼܶԸģ⼪ʵ̫͹ˡ
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ų⡭⡣⼪ŵĽеôܽǰʵ
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ʱƷЦЦһȻӺˮ˳ٴ𺧵ǣƷоȻżӺˮð˼ӰСǣСǻڴڻ״̬С
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һ󾪻ȻƷθںܴ󣬵⼪ĲƸֵȷʵԶԶʮѪֻʮѪûĹûô׬ġ
ߣ̫֣㲻һССħѣҪôྦྷʯ𣿡⼪ŭ
ȷʵһССħҸҽӣôʣų𣿡Ʒ̰˵
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⼪ʮѪѾСֵܱˣҪҪһļҵǿǱʮѪҪʧøˡױĵ˵
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쵰⼪ŭһ˫һף˱û赹˹ȥһλħ˧߽ǿ߱һλħֱŵħоûзġ
ڣЦеƷʱĪĶһɺ£ǴδйĸоǾȻẦһ۵Сɫ
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ǾллųˡƷ繰һ
󣬺ױʾеĴۻأǿ⼪ĻȻǱ̧ŻسˡƷҲܵħ˧ǿ߲ӵеĴǾǳսĴسǡ


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ˣȷʵǧȷ˵ڿ⼪ڳѣ²ڿ⼪δܻظһλ˵
ֱǶǴ󹫾ھȥħ߾ţҵҪСкͣѲɻܰǴ󹫾ˣ˹ŭ
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ǣСľȸˡǸϹϾһ˳˴
Ǹźã˹̾һɫԵò࣬޺޵Ʒ磬ҾҲԲŹ㣡

ħ߾פأѾըˣĴڽ̸ŹƷ顣
ԤӪУƷֱǳΪгݵżƷ粻ǵõʮѪΪ˳зĴֺܿܽθųְ֮ЩħǼƷ綼ñϹϾġ
ȻҲв˺ܿƷ磬رǵŽЩħǴţƷĽθְ֮Ļǿ϶Ʒ磬һλħ߽θְ֮ЩħԺȥˡ
ڣƷЩдҲܵĴѾסԤӪˣסһݻĹԷС
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ǰԺ˵ǿ⼪˹󹫾Ҳ̧ͷˡЦ
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ɣǵλȻûмܹΪһĻԺħҲʵǵˡƷ˵˫˸žâ
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˵Ѿȵò˵ȥˡ
˵λΪеĻҲƷ絭Ļص
ôϴǡѣæĽеϴԺҸұҲˣ
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ϴұһٸҲҳ㣡ϴҪȥĻҾԲκεԥĽе
㣬ʵ̫һڶʱ취ʵǵ£һֶԴȥ𣿡Ʒһɫ˵
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ˣƷ֣չ¶ʵǿ⼪Ѿź׵ŵŵ⸱ְ֮ҲʤΡͻȻʵ
Ѳµˣվ͵ſϷɡƷһЦݺݵ˵лĻһյʱɱ

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֮Уųϵߣλ֮Уλζֻǿ⼪ɫܲͷҼ˵ӣǷϵһ㡣
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ѪǷǱ˴Ȼٷ׷⼪ȥżͬ벻ߡȻλųЩìܳͻ˽ӹĸҲǹоħ߾ŲŻʮʵϵ׳ǵ汻һλħˣǲǻ˵ţħ߾ҲҪҳһˡ
ǣ⼪ȻŵŵϢִǣǴµûеĻӰħ߾λҲԸ
ųҲ̫嶯˰ɣôصĳŵҲ˵óڡǷͻȻ˵ԭذա
ųҲΪҪʳħЩɶࡣֻħҲ̫˼ˣȻûˣǲòʷ»ǵһη˵
Ѫ˫ſ⼪üͷʵų֪ǲ̫ˣǲλƷЩڣôоǳġ
ôܣųôһССħʲôϸأе
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ųҾÿųλǾ޷һλħȡģⲻ޷˷ڣ˵ȥҲöħ߾ŵѪ˵û뵽֮ǰһ⼪ڽභģھȻ⼪˵ˡ
ħ߾ŵֲܶȻҲǲͬģֻλûиõİ취ʵ
ƷӦҲ֪ӦҲû˼һЩʯȻħ߾һħ˵㲻ˡ˵
µĻħ߾ҲôΪˡѪ˵
׳˼˻һɫĿ⼪˵⼪֪кαûеĻǾͰ˼ɡ
Ժôħ߾㣿⼪̧ͷ˫۷Ѫ˿˵ųһʵ򵥣һҰ˵ĻһĸԸĽų֮λøȻĻһΪųܹ
ε̾һ˵ðɣɲи˵˽ĶɱΪ˶ѾЩ£֪ôġ
ǣ׸ôġ⼪΢΢ͷݺݵİƷ磬͸ҵĳ裬һҪ


1268 󹫾
գҲħ߾פΪҪӣ¹ڸųתε飬Ͼ¶Ѿˣ˽ۿˡ
ħ߹㳡Ҳħ߾ż֮ء
ʱħ߾֮Уĸŵ˶Ѿˣʮս׵ħ˸ɭĺ⣬վͣ漫׳ۡһ˵ĸŵľۼƽʱǺٵģħ߹㳡ҲԵú֣дӳݵȫˡ
ȻҲԤӪˡƷһҲԤӪУΧ˶Ǻķ׷ƷǱȥϸϸ˽
ԤӪͻȻܵ˴ĹעһҲֺӣǶƷ˳֮⣬ǸмȴǶƷĸ
Ʒ֣ⳡɺ׳ۣѲҪθų֮λʵ
ǺǣǾԲܵģҲµòĻ⼪ӦһһҪҰȻٸһЩôҲܹħ߾һ̨ˡƷ΢΢һЦ
˼ǣʡ
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̫ˣ⼪ҪˡСЦ
Ҫõħ߾ŵҲҪ⼪ЩС󱲣һɱǿ˹󹫾յļһҲƷݺݵ˵
˵ţ׵żϵѾʼһһϯбп⼪ڣֻǿ⼪һֱڵͷܵĴ̼С
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⼪ݺݵȭͷ߬Ѫ֮УŭƷ磡һҪʬΣ
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ǺǣλЦˣɡ΢΢һЦʧڣϾ󹫾Ҳǵĺ
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λ°˹˵ղѡ
Цˣ˵ȴ£ôܲأ΢΢һЦ
ǰ˵ųһЩ飬¹ħ߾ŵ£ǲֵ֧ĻǾ˵ȥˡһֱſų⴫еǸСһҲʵ̫ԲˡĸһЦг˷̵ζ
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ٶֵȣǵħ߾ܹȥʳħ󺦣Ȼħ߾Ҳʧءأǲ֮ʱħ߾ԤӪȴǳһλʿΪλʿĻҲûôܹ壬λʿħ߾ŵصȹ
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˺ûеôھλʿ볡ҲڳλܹúʶλΪħ߾´󹦵ʿ
˵꣬ȫס˺סԤӪÿһˣ˭λʿأ
Ʒ߷˼Ц⣬Ȼ㻺ĴԤ˳
һλ࿡ɫ꣬һͷɫĳƷòǷĿǣȣ俴ƽΪһССħȴӵһԶԶħʡ
˰ΪɫԲһλħĽǶȥƷ硣
׵ɫҲ¶˼־ȣƺоƷȵȫһ˰㣬һޱŰĸо
˹ǼƷʱҲǲò̾ʾԲһλʵƽƽħ
Ʒһ˾̾ѡ
Ψп⼪һˣڼƷչʱ򣬱һ㣬ݺݵҧѪƷ硣


1269 ״
ڣƷѾΪȫĽ㡣
ЩĿ֮УоȣĽҲжʼɣĻǺ档ԿƷѰ֮ˣܹеˣ˼
ôоһЩأ˹ֹţȻƷֻһλħȴȫ
붫Ҳ۽Ʒ磬ƺҪȫȥ͸Ʒ磬˹ĸоȴǲġ
ǷλųڳμƷʱ򣬸оͻȻܵһǿҵĳ㣬еħȫһεġ
΢΢ͷƷĲȻҲżֵģ뵽⼪οûô˳ˡ
ʱƷȷǷ֮ǰź׹ֵƷݼųųԵʿƷҵ
̸²ţ˶ƷĸоΪĹۣеĺ֮ҲԽӵŨˡ
ʵҲʵ֮ͣЦǺǵĶƷ˵Ʒֵܣ̫ǫˣ˴ûĻô׵ʳħأʿ֮ν㵱֮
ǺǣǺų̫ƵƷˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ЦЦǻֱɣղ֮ʱ⼪ųԤӪȡ¹ŵǵıֲܹɹйǳȥ壬ԽսǼλƸΪħ߾ŵÿһٿѪĽ
һٿѪ
ȫһƬһٿѪһλӳûƷǲ׬ˣ֮ǰִӿ⼪õʮѪЩƸֵҲָ
ǾлųˡƷ繰һ񣬵ħ߾Ҳֻһѡ
׵ȻƷе˼ֵȻڿ⼪ųŵ֮Уֳܹȥʳħ죬ɽ⼪ųλáħ߾ҲԲΥ壬ħ߾ҲǷǳģԲʵ֮֡
˵ô˵ɾͲ˼ˣɵŵ˷Ӧɾʹˡ
ųˣȻǲΥ壬ǵҲԲһλħߵǵųˣǵŵ˾Բһλų
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ȻԽԽ˿ʼԣЩǿ⼪µĹǸɡھŵҲʼˣ඼޷һλССħߵηųְ֮
̼䣬ԵĺüޱȣձüΪҡ
Ʒ絹ԵúƽϲЦ⡣
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εĶƷЦЦ˵Ʒֵܣǲ˼ְ֮ȷʵ̫ҪҵȻΪʵΥ壬ο⼪ųλãԺҲ˷ڣҵи취֪Ʒֵ㡭
׵Ļû˵꣬Ʒ׺˼ЦǺǣ֪ʵȷʵǺŷȻ˵Υ壬֪ҪħĻҪʵΪôҲԼʵȥ֤Լ
ޣƷֵǵ뷨뵽һȥˡ£ЦǺǣɣҵиܺõĽ顣
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ڳĬһƬӦû˻ᷴԵġҲ֪һλССħߣ⼪ħ˧߽ǿߣʮ֮һʵ˲ɱƷ磬˵һʵˡ
ų˵ҲܹƽҾòҪΪܹ֤ҵʵϣ⼪ųܹȫʩչʵƷɫƽ˵

ȫƷ粻Ƿ˰ɣҪԲȥս⼪ⲻǴ𣿵ҲɻƷ絽к˿ȥս⼪
ڣڳ˳˱֮⣬˼ֺ棬ΪƷһӣоĲһЦ
⼪ӣȻһħô˵ԼŭվŭƷƷ磡Ҳ̫ҷ˰ɣ
üͷȻ˵ƷЩȴǺܺ棬ɻƷ磬ֵĸоԽǿˣúײȥƷĻԲſڿӡ
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⼪ųĵĻǿ״˵ĻõʮѪ黹ΣƷջЦʡ
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⼪Ҳɵһ£ΪոֻǴܱܲһħסɣһǵħ߾󹫾ӣǲӦսĻɾûˡ
ã״Ͳˣڳ˾һ֤⼪е͵ıϯϷԾƷ粻Զ֮ɱƷţߵȻ㴿ҲͲˡ
Ʒ絭ɱĿ⼪תͷԺ˵ų֪к
ԣƺоѹ㶵˵ǡǣ˶Ϊ֤ƷֵҪɲǶϷ
лųҲûжϷƷصб˲Գ𽣣Ȼ𽣵ƷѾˣҲʧΪһѼƷħ
ƷһħҲľһ£˹ҲɫǲƷ𽣵Ĳ
ŭеĿ⼪ɲôΪߵһΪʲôأԭһħ˿ѣԻΪĿصĴۣ
˵գ⼪ҲеħƷߣҲһƷħ
ʱ˶Ŷμɢһɭɱ
ȫ˶ס˺ĿתĶˡ
⼪ɱ죬ƷƽȻûԵĶԱȣƷܹڿ⼪±ֵ򶨣ԿƷĲԽڴƷʵˡ
˹Ӳ£ͻȻֺڰĸоżֺ£ԼڶƷĻҲеôöԸһжѾֹˡ


1270 ɱ
紵΢΢ɳ
ټĹ㳡֮УĿע֮£Ʒ⼪ֽ˴֮Ƚϵơ
Ȼǿ⼪ռϷ磬Ʒ˿ϷŹЦݣ׽һַǳذĸо
֪ΪΣɱĿ⼪ﶶһ£ͷЩ亹Ʒ˫ֱſ⼪Īһѹˡ
ߣСĻ裬ҾС⼪ɫж˼־裬ȫеĳ
Ƭ㳡һƬž
΢΢ӣƷһۣſ⼪ʱ򣬺ײ̾⼪ܱܲס㸱ŵλãǾ͵ÿԼˡ
˹˫ȭֱϯ̨µƷ磬ǿҵɱ⣬ԵĻ˹Ҳ޲óȥɱƷ硣
¬붫ȴһأڶľƷܹڿ⼪±ֵ򶨣Ͼز¶ʵ
ǣҲ̫ˣѵڳλħ˧߽ǿ߾ûܿ͸Ʒʵ
ȴѾãƷԵЩͷ˵⼪ų⻹򲻴򣬲˵˰ɣ
⼪ղѣƷĳ⼪ߣ˵̫ȳ֣
ʵ⼪ˣƷȳֵĻȥ̽Ʒʵ
ƷЦЦ˵ҵǾȳֵĻ̫۸ˣ㻹ȳְɡ
ȫȻ治֪ȥ˵Ʒˣⲻ⼪ϵ⡣
⼪ŭ֮УƷ仰֮󣬱㲪ȻŭһʰȵСӣȻôҾԸ
˵꣬⼪͵ĳ˳ȥμޱȣȥ֮ʱ鶯һɾ磬µɱһƬ̳һӰͬıƷ˹ȥ
һ̣˶ɴ˫ۣ˿̵Ʒ֮ʱȴȫɵˣΪƷһſ⼪ƣƷ羹Ȼ޶ãƷǷˣôɵĵ
⼪ӰȻ֣ʱѾƽƷǰĿǻŭ𣬺ݺݵһݵĶƷؿڱ㼱˹ȥ
ݣ
ϬĳХ
ȻΪƷҪһʱ
ŵһĻ㷢ˣǷźڹĽƷؿڽ֮ʱƷͻȻ䲻˼ĻһӰƾʧ
⼪ͫױ˿˹ȥ
Ǻǣ⼪ųƺĶ̫˰ɡһЦƷ缫Ϊ˿⼪ʮ֮ʱݵЦݡ
𺧣ȫ𺧡
׶͵ĵ˾ӣڳ˸û˭ܲ׽ƷôĶ˿⼪һ
˹Ҳɵˣ԰ס͹ˣȫ͹Ʒʵⳬ׿Զ⼶ħ˧ǿ߲ӵеģǿܾ׶޷ȼ
붫ɫԤеĲ룬ƷȻλز¶ǿߡ
ħ߾ԤӪˣĿɿڴſӽӲѾ޷ϱˣһں²
⡭ôܣ⼪֣˶ѾȫĴסˡ
֮ǰ˹⼪ƷϻһֿܵĻȫˣ⺧˵һλħӵе
ϴ󣡡úϲ£죬Ȼ˵ƷʵѾԽħ˧ľ磬Ҳżֻɵģڿġ
ȻװҡͷѾ˵Ʒ⼪Ѿ״ǺҪס⼪ҲǲˣֻϣƷܹˡ
⼪ʵԽܣݺݵתŭƷ緢ĽʵƷ磡㵽ʹʲôа㲻һħôܻ
ʹʲôаҲҵ˵Ļ͸ҹ¿ļͷЩһһƷɫȻĻص
⼪ûðɣʼûܵ裬ƺѾʧȥһ㣬ħӿһǿȻ
䣡
͵һ£⼪Ԩеħһ㣬ޱȣڷŭ׼ŤֲɱħƷŰ
ٽЩħҲѱɿֲħƸƵþֶˣ⼪Ѿ׵ıŭˣڵǱܶˣʵҪǿ˼
ƷУĺ𽣣˫۵ſ⼪ϣ˼µĲм
ţ⼪˳嫵ħעڳ֮Уâ䣬Ƭ㳡жħȾԽᰵŭȵħħն
䣡
һ죬⼪ų˺ն£һǿޱȵĺâһɿֲľ磬ԿǺâоһɫţͬһɫĳƷϮȥ
ħնǿ⼪ΪħǺûѪħӻµĻһҲС
Ʒſ⼪ǿħȻ޶ԣƷڵѾһиסˣƷǿһӵпռ˲ƵȻǾ޷ħնĹ
Ʒ粢ûҪܵ˼ͬ޼᲻ݵıһ㣬ģ́е𽣣ڵԪ˲תΪ˺ڰ֮
䣡
ͬĺЯǿĺâǾ˰ӿƷ硣
һ̣ƷЦˡ
ƣƷȻһֱһǺâֱն˹ȥ
أ
һ˵죬Ʒһͬƶһ룬ֱǺâĴ˺ƿһѿڣֲӿɢ˿ȥ

һƬ֮ǰŵλħֱӱɾݺݵƷ˳ȥΧȺƵһˡ
ϯ̨͵һ𣬾⾢˿Ĵƻٵϯ̨гԾˡ
һƬƽϢ֮ʱ˾ֵĿѾһ̵ѿڣƷˣֳ𽣣Ц⡣
һߣ⼪һʯһ㣬ȫĴԵĿ⼪ڿ־Ĳš
جΣԿ⼪˵һجΡħնȻôˣʵҲʵֲ̫ˣ׶סˡ
˹ѹе֣ͣ
֣ͣ𣿡ƷһЦʱôܷŹ⼪
ಣ
Ʒ˫Ħŵ棬һƬɳʯ֮ɫı˿⼪
о⽣ƵĿ£⼪Ȼ˹ŭƷ磡ɱң㻹û

⼪Ľһ˫۲Ѫ˿ڵѪҺȻȼȻȼѪ⼪ҪƷƴˡ
ݣ
ĳƿհӳȼѪ֮󣬿⼪ʵɱڵӭƷ硣
ûõġƷһЦ˫һ裬˲ס˿⼪Ľƹ켣еһͬй켣˹ȥ
Ȼ˶ɫĿΪһĻ

һǿҵĽ֮˾ǾĿƷ𽣾Ȼ⼪еĳڽ֮佻һֻǿ⼪еĳ޷ֵס𽣵Է顣
ݣ
ƷֱӴϮȥ⼪еĳһᴩؿڣԼٶ˲֮£ǿͿ˿⼪ؿڵħ
أһ
⼪ӾƷ˺˿屻˺٣Ѫ꽦ɣƷУµħȫ


1271 ɱӺ
ˣɱ
ȫȫһλħ˧߽ǿߣȻôƷɱˣһ˺˷顣
ɫһ΢΢վҪ˵ʲôȴεȥ̾⼪⼪ҲǰĪˡ
붫ɫһʼΪƷʵصҲһ⼪ɱˣԼûƷ磬Ȼȫʬľˡ
ܣ˹˫۳죬˫ŭƷ磬Ϸǿҵɱ
Ʒὣݣȫž˵ʵѾ
ҲסˣҲ֪˵ʲôˣƷչ¶ʵǿܳԽԼʼգ׸ûпƷĵγֵģ
ԵһȻӣڱڵԤӪɫͣ𺧾þ޷Ǿѹ뵽֮ǰһʼȥѵƷ磬£оǵһ㣬ƷʱֻҪ΢΢ָͷɱԼˡ
Ʒɫڳˡ
˹鶯ӣͻȻƷ磡ɱҶܣ־Ӧһս
ȿȡ׵ŭеĿ˹ѵ˹ħ߾ڲ飬˹ǲҪΪ˵˽¶СȻ⼪ųҲеϧǿ˹֤ԼƷֵҲħ߾ŵˣѲɿ˹Ҫħ߾Ϊ𣿡
˹ҡҡͷݺݵŭƷ˵ҵİ븮еλϿɶСӵӦúɣ

˴ΪԾ˹󹫾еĿȴүкаԵͻȻðˣû뵽Ȼˡ
üͷһ壬뵽⼪Ʒ֮ԹĻжڿ˹˵ĻżŵģƷʵƷֵܣ˹˵ʵ
ƾ޾ݵôأ⻰ɾ˵̫ǿˣʲô֤ݣƷ絭˵
ߣƷ磬ħֵô˰ɣ˵ʱﲻǿ˹ˣħ߾ŵһλСӳʵ㣬ģʱв˿ɶۿǸŻ˶ħ֣Ǻ뿪ħ֮ǿ˹˱㷢ʬ壬ʱ֪ʵΪĻǿ»һЩᣬԱ㽫ʬܴˡЩض˵˸ô㣡˹ҧгݵ˫۷Ѫ˿
ԣҲˣֲõڶħʧԭоȻô顣
Ͼпħ߾ŵˣҲԵЩãֶƷʵƷֵܣôأ
ȷʵġƷص
һû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼشôɴࡣ
ߣȻҲǳˣô¾ͱϱˣԻṫ£˹ߵ
Ǻǣʵ̫ȤˣȻ֪ôҲ˵Ѿǿ˹Ҫңô㣬ҪĻô˵ˣǿǺôֱʣȻǲôҪԸһССħ㻹˼˵ҶеˡƷĻЦ
˹һ㶣ͨ죬оȷʵԼˡ
׵ȳĬô˵ĻƷɱ˿˹ˣҲǿ˹ҪɱƷ磬˵ĻƷȷʵվͷˡ
ôû˵˰ɣƷʵ
˹ɫһݺݵ˵дȣֶҲʵ̫ڲ˰ɣһϾħ߾ŵˣ㾹ȻɱˣҲ̫ħ߾ŷˣ
ƷһЦﾹȻΪ̰һˣ˽ΪҶΪħ߾Ÿеˣְûʸħ߾㻹˼Ϊڣе֪˵Ļ¾ϱˣôҸҶ˻㣡
㣡˹ÿѪתͷ˵ųǿ˹󹫾һְֱЧˣźų
ˣͻȻ˿˹Ļޱ˵˹±дȣ˭ҲУﾹȻ˽ΪѾǿ˹󹫾йǣ¾ôˡ
붫׵ı̬֮󣬰ϲ˹󹫾ʵھ⼪ɥƷУ˵˹󹫾Ѿǲˡ
ˣôܾôˣǴ󹫾˲ԩˣ˹ɫĽе
ߣԩѵ㻹߳𣡡׳ߵһı֮ɫ
⻰˹һĲҰף׵˼Ѿˡ
ţڳƷֵܽθųְ֮ƹܵķţԤӪҲش˽Ϊħ߾ŵķţ
лųƷ繰һЦ
˵꣬Ⱥ֮ͻȻܳӰԼٶɱƷ硣ٶȼ죬Ǿ߱ħ˧н׼ʵ

˶ٶһƷѾʽθְ֮Ȼֳ͵ϮƷ硣
һҪֹġ
ǣƷȴһ
һ£ƷιĻһӰӰδƵƷǰƷȴͻȻƾǰס͵˫ƻ𼸷˵ؿϡ

ʹӰ㵹˵ϡ
ȥȵλӾȻǵķŵˣһǵķеλų
Ʒ絹һƽӣ⼪ܹƹܵķ֮ãȻһЩʵĲ£Ʒ˼ӣԲûɱǣʣʲô˼
ߣǸӿųǧ꣬ж飬ɱǿųҪΪų𣡡һλߵ
ûҲԲ㣡һλӸŽе
͵ģֳӣųڵɱƷ硣
ס֣ŭ
ǣλӸں׵ĻţȼѪĳƷȥ
ಣ
˹˵ĿλӵϣݵĸƷĺϮȥ
죡ʵ̫ˣ
̼䣬˹λѾγ˶Ʒļл֮ƣǶֹˣϾǵľƷ籣ֵ̫ˡ
λħ˧ǿ֣˹ҲǴﵽ˸߽ħ˧ʵ˵ĿⶼĻ۵Ʒϡſ˹˵֣Ʒ羹޶ԡ
ȻǴҾɱӺƷ簵һЦеͻȻֶ
˼𽣴Ʒзɳȥʱ򣬾֣Ʒľٶͺ⣬˵ƾһȫȥĻֻܽһ˶ѡ
ǣһĻֱǿˡ
ݣ
һĺӹֻٶʵ̫ˣԼһһգӹȥĹۣ۾Ȼʻ״˳ȥ
Ȼ𽣼ĻصƷС
˹ǵȥ˺Ȼļ˹Ǳһ㣬ͻȻͣеĶͻＷ˾֣ĿǵĲֳһֱѪۡ


1272 ټ
ţ˹ǲеѿڶϿ
Ȼ󡭡
ˣˣˣ
Żͷ­ӿ˹ǵϻ
𺧣Ե𺧡
׵ҲĿ࣬ȹĽȿµɱֶΣ˲ɱλħ˧ǿߣȫ˲Ծ
ÿµĽѪ𾪵һ亹ԼĻƷһжֵס
ķԭЩˣµһĻ֮ŵȫֱԼûĳ嶯ҪȻô֪
ƷһЦһѾȫɱӺЧ
Сǿ֮󣬴ΪԷܡ
þãײž˹㳯еôڻ˭Ʒֵܵθְ֮кأ
˵꣬ķŵ˱ˢˢĹͬƷų
һƬһƬƷʵѾ׵ȫ
ʱѪǵߵƷǰϲƷųԺɾҪָˡ
ǰƷųʵɵְЦЩ˵ıñȷ黹졣
λЦˣƷθְ֮Ժ󻹵λչءƷװķ׷׻һЦ
붫λϲɫҲǹһƷ׽ǿɶЩϺ֪꣬ƷʱյĻԺҲܳΪһλǿߣ԰ôŹܹƷ罻õĻأ
ƷڰЩ˵Ļǰ
ħ֮УһʵΪ磬ƷʵѾӮ˵𾴡һλħͻȻɱħ˧ǿߵǿߣЧܹ𵽾Ч
ǿ˹󹫾Ļ֮Ҳǳ׵ˡ
󣬱һЩ׵ڣƷʽεķŵųְ֮
֮ȫǣƷм˲֪˲
ƷΪų֮󣬱ȡ˿⼪ڵĹݻ䱸ɭϣƷȴǲҪκεǽСЩȽεĻһס֮С
Ʒڳȥ⼪֮Ҳõһħ˧߽Ʒħ񣬶ħʺýաħ֮ʽͻƵħ˧߽׼ʵڳ˱ħн׵ľ磬СǶѾȹ̵ħ˧߽׵ľ硣
Ʒεķ֮Ϊ˸ŷƷصشһЩ似Щ似Ȼ֣ҲƷϱȽϾ似Щ˵Ķ档
ħеҲȽʵ˭ʵǿ͸˭ʹ滹вԭǿ⼪ʵ£ڼʶƷ֮󣬶Ʒ籾ҲѾʼ׷Ʒˡ
ʱ䣬Ĺȥ
ƷѾȹħ߾ŵĵλֻƷֵǣԤеûټԼ׶ʧһ㣬Ʒûס
ȻƷ練ڣҲǾռУ꾳֮ľ磬Ʒöڻ꾳ǳҪȻ𸮵λҲΪԼôһռˡ
СҲǶʱռʵоСѾҪͻļˣʵıҲڿͻƵħ߽׵ľ硣
Ȼһ죬Ʒ粻ôʱֹΪѾ׼ҪټԼˣƷˣʧµĺס
ʱƷеȺ
ƷһˣЦӯӯĴӹ˳һ׵ʱ򣬱ЦĴкǺǣԭųݹ٣ʵʧˡ
΢΢ͷһЦɻΧһۣЦǺǣ벻ﻹͦġ
ǰ˱Ƚϲ徲һЩƷ΢΢һЦƺѾ⵽˺׵˼ʣųǲų㣬ôͻȻ
ǰҪ²δܴ񡣡׻صо˸ɷƷ磬˶һɫ˵ˣ˴ǰҪټ㣬Ʒֵǰȥˮħһˡ
ˮħҲڵĹĵλߣһ˻ûرҪ飬ǲܽˮħġ
Ʒϵȴֹ¶־ʵôͻȻټأ
Ǻǣ˶ţ˶мͣԱصؽǰȥˡЦ
ǺðɡƷӦ
롣һƣƷźˮħķȥ
֪ΪΣںʧ֮ͻȻ֣Ʒڼ׵ʱܸоں׵϶˼ֵϢƷϢ
ֻ˵ײеô򵥣ҲֻƷоϵĲ²⡣
һ·ϣƷһǰһţĬƷҲǺĴÿһйЩйﲢκεԵġֻǿԸоЩйŲǿĽƣԲ²λصһλ֡
ֱá
ڣԼһԻ͵Ĺȫˮ죬ˮʰɫųһϵϢ⹬ܣµĽ󷱶ࡣЩĻƷЩҲҪЩۡ
ƷδԽӵĺˡ
ˡ׵
ʱƷѾźվһ޴ĵǰŽţ˸ŵĹ⡣ƿһ׶ĳߣҲһǿĽơ
͵ģƷ޴ĵ֮ʱͻȻֱƶһǿϢƷѹġ
ƺ֪ϢϮƷһ㣬۽Ʒ硣
Ʒ΢һ£Ϊ˲¶¶˼֮ɫɫֵ˼
üͷæǰʵƷֵܣ㻹ðɣ
ÿµϢƷ紭صͷðһЩ亹
һֱƺڹעƷɫ仯ƷҲǼеһЩǣЦǺǣµĽƣһʼʱҲ࣬Һöˡ
ǸôȥƷʵ
ҾȻܹȻа취˵µǵǰбԳһĺâڵ֮С
Ǻâ֮УǵоȻһͨڣһ֮󣬶ŵĵȴȻ˿
漴׻ͷƷЦǺǣµĽǷǳǿģǿдӴ˵Ļ⵽֮ķɡ
ޡƷ˵ͷ
ȥɣѾˡЦ
أƷʡ
ҾͲˡֽЦЦŹְѵˣ˵ƢЩŹ֣ҪԼעһ㡣
ллƷصתͨн롣
Ʒʧ֮ͨ󣬺׵ɫüΪ


1273 
ʱƷͨУ㱻һǿǿг˽ȥ
ȻƷûκεķ
̼䣬ƷһڻԻ͵Ĵ֮С
֮Уһɹɫ⣬һζ֮ʧ꣬Ʒ綼˼¡
˵λóڹƻ֮ζ˵ĻּĴ̼ԣղžƷ綼ʧƬ̡ĸֶԾݵʧǷǳġ
Ʒɫ뵽λδ֪ǿߵĲͬѰ֮㲻ɾ˵˺Լȶס񣬳ſտĴйƷǰݼˡ
ÿСӡһ˵ŴƷĻ궼΢΢һ¡
Ʒ簵λȻλŮ֮ˣڴܣֻƷ粻Իȥ̽顣
ٶƷֵ˼Цˡ
ߣȻֵܹסҵ֮ǺһƷ̬˵ͱ䡣
͵ģһεѹֱӳƷֱƶ
Ʒһ뻹һ¡

ƷʹһУѪѹ˼ֱһѪˣǺ⣿
Ҳƺ¶˼ɻ˵֣ܵסҵ֮ôʵȷʵôأ
ˣڷʱϰһֻԿ֮ܲӰ죬ϰĻܹ½ҵĲ֮Ʒص
˵ĻҲΪʱյĻؿɳΪһ˵Ʒ˼ǡ
Ʒֻ޵ƤëļˡƷæ
Ǻǣ˿˼ߵĻѾˣѹֿ⼪ǻô׾ͰЦ
ƷȻˣڴµĻ
ҲûҪ˼߼Ļֵɱȿ⼪Ǹ߶ˡͻȻƷĻֿЦʵôұ𣿡
ĻȻԡƷĻص֪ΪΣŹŮ֮ʱƷﾹֵĸо
ǺǣԽԽȤħѾˡһ˵𣬴֮УƾնֳһӰ
ƷչȥһλɫµŮӴӯ࣬˵㣬һɴ֮£ƷϡǺɴһ˵㣬ŵĴŮ֮㡣
ɴƮţţȴ˴˲ᡣ
ȥһ壬̽ѰϣɫװǸͦظˣǶĻԻǿѪ
һ̣Ʒ˶Ѿסˡ˵ĽӰǶõλӰĿжôɱ
ţǺӰĽƮ䡣
һ˿˿˳ĺڷƮţݶµһޱݡ޾ףǧģȴģϸĽë峺ִżصɫӣԸе촽ݹˣһ黳ףֱ崿ȼһľŮ
ûǴ˵еû뵽һλɱ˵Ůӡ
Ʒһżֳ԰ӣҲԵõ⣬ӯӣ˴֮У۵Ʒ硣
Ʒ˴ͻȻ侹Ǽðһ㵵Ļܰô㣡
ܰһ£ΪԼòնƷ磬û뵽ԼòǱƷһλˣŭʵ˼ҲʲôܰΨһȣ
ƷȻ˹ȥεЦǺǣ˼ʶһλѺƣԾͲˡ
ǰ֮УƷȻûйӣŮѹϵûйȴйһλܰŮӣλܰŮȴΪƣֻȱܰ˼֮ɫ
ȻǰȲƷǰʶܰڼԼǰϲŮòƵŮӣƷҲůůġ
ЩãֱǷ
ಣ
һɴ͵ƷϷɴ˹ȥȻǳӼһ㽫ƷӸƷҲûеֿ
һֱӽƷǰ˴˼俿úܽ
Ʒɫһ£Ǵݣ㽥ĿƷУԭһݣתֻһżЦʣǺǣô㣬ܰȣ˭Ƚأ
⡭Ʒסˣ׹Ȼ˵ûλƢҲʵ̫Ź˰ɣʱʱȵģӦ
ʲô⣡㣬˭ȴִֺܹʵ
ƷֻܺεĻص
üͷһץƷ磬ܼĽеУ˵˭ģ
ƷֱˣǴûӦƢŹֵŮӣֻЭĻص
ѣȽе
ҡû˵ѣȷʵǱܰˡƷĻص
⻰ֹһааЦݣ˵˫̽ƷĶߣ˰ʵĺر𣬲ŮΣ
ƷżǿħƷҲ亹û뵽ȵĹƻ֮ƷľƽĻص˿Цˡ
ûпЦ˵öġҡͷһЦǸͦظѾƷؿڣԸоһ˵Ϣڡ
ƷΣֻ֣ܳص˵ˣټֻΪҿЩЦ𣿡
£ԵúܳԾɫת䣬ȥƷϵĺɴ΢΢һ˲䵽ʮıϣһɫʵ˵ɣʵ֮ǱԤӪ㵽λǲģ
ˣҲκҵȷʵǷ½ˣڶħһŲֻ֪ǳħ磬̫ߵѡ㲻ҵĻɱңƷһĻص
𣿡ֱƷ˫ۣƷҲȵ˫ۡ
ֱá
ðɣ㡣ͻȻ˵
лл˵ΡƷ繰ֵ
üͷ˵ܲҵ֮˵Ǳȳˣ裬Ϊǿ߲⡣Ҫǣħ֮У͵˶ǣȻҶԿ⼪˹󹫾鴦ܲҲͲ׷ԺҶҳǲĻҾԻɱ㣡
һס˵Ľ̽䡣Ʒͷ
ţͻȻһڹ⣬ƷڡƷҪȥܵģо˺ԼԲ޵ִ
ˣǣƷһʵ
ҸͨˮħħԺͨˮħֻײСȻص
Ʒ£ʣôôң
ǺǣܰҪ˰ɣȻҵʱΪܰȻҲǣԲᱳҡЦǺǵĻص
ллΣƷ緢ģԲᱳ㣡ƷʵĻص
ȥɡĻ˻֡
ҾȸˡƷһ񣬻˳˴亹λȵŮʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ뿪֮¶ЦݣǺǣĺȤλܰˣһĺܺ档


1274 ׵ʵ
ˮħѵȺڹ⡣
Ʒֵܣ˸˵ЩʲôأǰЦʡ
ҲûʲôһЩ£˺ڿ⼪˹󹫾¶ЩûңҪȻҿɾͲˡƷص
˾ֻ˵Щײʡ
ǰȻʲôأƷ練ʵ
ǺǣûʲôᡣڨڨһЦֵˣƷֵܣ֪ڿпȥطЩҪ̸̸
ƷѰ˼оױֵͦģƺ̸̸ûô򵥣Ʒ绹ЦĻصų̸ҵҡ
Ǳɡ΢΢һЦתɫѰˮħһȥ
ƷҲһֱԺżֺ棬ҲĬĬĸ˹ȥ
һ·ϣ׻ûƷ˵ʲôֻǺȥķ򲢲뿪һСС
ǺǣǵˡЦ
ʱƷҲǺĴСȻƷȴǿԸоһħ󣬶һܸопռԪصϢСӦиСʹ
ȥ𣿡Ʒɻʵ
ǵġ΢΢ͷűСȥ
СҲе赲ģȴûдǵţǸ̤ǵеʱͻȻֳһռױʧǿռ֮С
ȻƷ簵ΪһȻ֪ռ֮ʲôطƷȴ׺ײֻҪԼ̸̸
Ѱ˼˻Ʒ˿ռ֮С
һ̣ƷһƬտĴУΧźҲҵĶЩʯ飬ؼطƷϤ
ûϳӽΪӽĵطֻƷû뵽ռὫԼ͵
Լ֮ƷǰĲԶ֮Ʒ磬þûгԣԵúܹ졣
ƷüͷҲֱӵʵųʲô˼
ȻƷ磬Ľʵңй֮ҲòɣǱССǵʲôĿģ㵽˵ʲôΪ˻㣿ˮħʸ񶼴㣿
֮У׶ͱ֮ơ
ǺǣųȻ֮ǰԼʵȷʵǴӷǶħһŲ֪Ҳû˵ʲôĿģֻҲħԵôߵѣҲûνҰġƷ絭һЦ
𣿡ת۲ƵƷ磬ƷԸоڰĵһ
ǵģųҪᣬǾԲк֮ġƷ˵ͷص
˫һ˵еĻҾԻɱ㣡
ųˡƷЦЦֵųûʲôµĻҾȸˡ
£׽Ʒ˵֪ΪΣĺܺʵԿʵжǿɣ
˵꣬ͻȻһ˫ȭֱӱ㳯Ʒ˹
Ʒüͷһ壬׹ȻҪ̽Լʵ
׵ٶȺܿ죬һӱ嵽Ʒǰصһȭ֮ޱıƷؿк˹ȥ
Ʒ簵һЦʵһֱԺ׵ʵҲǺ棬ӭһƣͬй켣ֱ׵һȭӲȥ
أ
ȭ𵴳һǿƲ˸Ա˻ȥ
Ʒ粻ڱ¶ԼʵҲź˼
װΪľս˵еĻҪǿЩ
˵꣬͵һѪħټϷѪħĿ֮ǿķֻһѪ
һգֻۣʮѪͬһ㣬ŵа⣬ݺݵıƷȥ
ݣݣ
һХ֮ѪϮٶȼ죬֮ݣ˵ҲǸħСɣƷǲʵҲҾѪԼ
ţƷͻȻĻһӰĶѪĹ
һ㵣˫һ˦Ϊ˲סƷϢݺݵֿϮ˹ȥͺ顣
ಣಣ
һѪٵƷΧռ˹ȥǿӳһ㣬ţǽһ֩һ㣬ѾȫƷΧסˡ
䣡һ
޴Ѫ㳯ƷѹÿһѪжǰ麬ž޴ôѹʮ
Ʒ粻ԵùԸֳ𽣣һš
أ
һصľ죬ѪӲıƷһס
Ȼ󣬹ǣƷһסѪʱѪз˿һһ㣬ֱƷȥ
ƷȣһѪδţǽƻһ㣬ЩѪϵƷȥȴǸûƷӡ
ԵüŭɫڵӵѪħУѪħҲԽӵĵ˳֣ѪĹٶҲԽԽ졣
ߣ̽ҵʵҾƣƷ簵һͱˣƷҲ˼ŭ
ţƷ翪ʼе𽣣ϮѪ˹ȥ

һĽ֮ϮѪǱƷ
ɫɫüΪ͵ִһѪħּһǿ֮ǰҪǿϽʮ
ƷȻֵ磬ЩѪǱƽƷǰҲᱻƷе𽣸ƻȥ
ȻƷҲ𾪣׵ʵԽԽǿˣԼûͻƵԪ֮ĻԼ˳׿似ҲǺ׵Ķ֡
ڿɲͬƷ˵ҲǴﵽ˱н׵ʵԸҲ׾١
ԼһѪϵĴϮţƷһŹһ߽ϮѪնȥ
׾þԻƷ磬˫͵һţ֮ͬİܼѪֱӱƵƷǰһһȭֺƷ硣
Ʒ޾ɫ΢΢һתƾգȴֺŵĶЩѪĹӭ˺ס
һƷȭеǿ˼֡
ಣ
ǿһȭӹ׸ɫһ䣬Ϊһȭȫ˸գƷ羹Ȼƾʧһ㣬һȭֻƷĲӰѡ
ˡһƽӰƷ粻֪ʱѾվ˺ԭվŵĵط
׼Ǿתɫһ˵ǵģѾˣ˵Ѿˡ
˵꣬ױص棬ջѪħ
ǺǣлųͽˡƷ繰һЦҲ𽣡
Ʒ磬ص˵һ̫͹㣬ҵʵǼѪħȻĶֻ֡˵һλǿߣȻûҽʵ
ƷЦЦֱźȤζЦǺǣܹһħӵ˾ɲǽֻħ˧ӵе롣


1275 ӡ
ƷЩɺˣղһ̽Ʒ͸ȷˣ׵ʵҪԽħ˧
ǵģôµģЦʡ
ǺǣѪħһƷܹѪħʹõ˾ɲǿʱϾѪħǿôҲֻһֿܣǾ㱾ѪħˡȻҲ벻ΪܹʵѹƵħ˧磬Ҷ޷Ʒ絭һЦ
ѹƣǱӡ̾ɫԵüȻ
ӡƷһ
ûһҷӡֵ
ҷӡΪʲôʵħоܹһλΪҪССǣƷʵ
ҪػСȡһɫĻص
СȣƷ㵡
û΢΢ͷ
ҾͲˣȻѾҷӡ˾磬ҪӡĻҲôףʵ̸ػƷʵ׵ĻҲʵ̫ìˡ
ҲܽϵķӡȻɷħҵңҲҵСȣʱСȾһˡص˵
ɷħôǵƷ粻ʡ
ΪСڤΨһĹ׻ص
ڤ壿Ʒ羪Ȼѡ
ħ磬֪ħ֮Уǿ壬ԴħΪĺħڤ˹ΪڤΪ֮ǿͳħħ֮Уǲɴλߣһǰħڤйһ֮ս˫شǴ𣬵ħǿڤ壬ڤ屻ħ缫ء˵Ȼ˵úܼ򵥣ȴǿһǰħоһµ֮ս
Ʒ𾪣û뵽ȾȻڤ֮ŮȴǷǳɻ󣬱ʣȻڤ幫ôڴˣ
ߣΪɷħЩɵ׺
ɷħƷüͷƺ뵽ʲôʣǱڤ
ûɷħڤ˽Ϊελʹ׽ȭͷ˫۳죬޺޵˵ڤħ˫˫شڤʵڱչ֮Уȴ⵽ɷħıѣΪڤشɷħΣɷħЩСôܹ׵ɱڤˣ
Ʒ𾪣ħеʵڤǳԽħĿֲǿߣȻɷħڤܵƾԷǳ֮ء
СӳģƷʵԵʱ׵κһλħ׵ɱ˺ס
Ϊ֮ɫȻ˫ͨ˵֮ڤѣ֮Ϊ˱ճСȹһЩΪҳϵĲӳ򣬿ǵطħǿҲǼܴġ֮Ϊ˰Сȹڤ壬ԷԼͨһͨŵڤ塣ʵΪ£ҲƴֻһλȻӳڤ塣
˵úƽƷȴǿõʱжôգʣһʲôط
֮ǰھһҵ֮ս󣬽ڤħ֮䣬ڤͨǿв´ħߴߵĻһڤҲΪ˱ڤ壬ɾû뵽ɷħЩСˣûɱڤˡ˵ţŭ
ȻѾ뿪ڤ壬ΪҪҷӡأƷɻѡ
֮ΪǿдͨͨͨĴҲǼΪݵģǷɷħȴҲŴ򡣲ʱɷħܵ˺أұ´ɱ֣κҵʵͲǷɷħĶ֣Ҳƴ֮ŵѡȴ˷ɷħڤڤȻû˺ȴ׷ٵҵĴڡΪ˽ڤұʹڤҷӡΪŵԱȫСȹˣȴ֪ɷħһֱѰСȹ䡣һߵ˵
ҲɷħʵΪλҪƴҪҵǵ䣿õôϾɱƷʡ
Ϊڤ֮ġ̾
ڤ֮ģ
ڤ⵽Ⱥ֮ʱڤ֮ķӡСȹڡɷħ֮ԲɱڤˣΪҪȡڤ˵ϧǵõڤ˵ûڤ֮ģǸ޷ڤ˵ܵõڤ˵ܳΪϵڤʹ޵˵
ɷħʵ̫ݶˣƷ޺޵˵ԴӼ֮ƷλԼϲòƣƷѾϧ֮ġ
ԭֻһ˵ݴСȹԶħеǷ֮أƽСȹϾ̳ڤ˵ĸ߹ѪͳûңСȹҲ޳ɳ츳ڳˡСȹĳɳѾ޷ȥСȹɣСȹΪ֮󣬱˳ǣֻСȹߣػСȹε˵
ƷЦЦ˵ΪҪôࣿڤ֮ĵջ֮ѵͲҶڤ̰֮֮𣿡
֮ǰûиЩµʱʵȫɱСȹȴûУһֵĸоȥ㡣ҪǣСȹ֮󣬴δικˣһΣСȹȻѡ㣬ţԲ˺Сȹ۽Ʒ˵
ǺǣǶԵģƷᱳҵѣԵĻϣҳΪֵܡƷһɫЦ
ֵܡ֮˫۱˿ˣ¶İĸо̾뵱꣬Һ׺γӵڶֵأЩֵҳΪСȹҵֵȴҶȥˡ
Ʒ粻ǰһصĴź׵ļϵЦԺƷֵܣҵĻǣҲϵֵܡ
лл׵ͷһЦֵȻɷħħĹϽ֮мв㣬ԷɷħһգҵСȹ治֪ʱΣҲҸ֪Сȹ
ңֻҪƷѣҾԲκ˸˺ҵѣƷɫᶨ˵ҲƷĳŵ
׵˵ͷֳ̾ǣǵĵλɥȻСȹ˵ǺõģܱٳǶһֱǻ񣬶ҶСȹҲǴв֮ģСȹĸԣԲԸҵĲ֮ǾͻһΣˡȻƷֵʵףϾƵ
Ʒ˼˻ɵֵܣҿ԰ķӡָʵأ
£ҡͷܵģڵӡܹ֮ɷħҲܼ̲Ҿҽ˷ӡûһصʱ䣬ҲȥӦָ
Ǻǣ˵Щ˵أƷЦ
⣿׾סˡ


1276 
˺ûŻع˵ƷֵܣͱЦˣԼµķӡԵĻѽˡ
а취ƷЦЦʵˣ˴ҳ֪
֪Сȹҵɡ׻ص
ǺãǾһʱ䣬ܰЩ⡣Ʒ˵
ģԵúܼ
ȻҡƷЦЦбֳ𸮣𸮣ҲһõһΪĿռ
ռ״ΪԾƷԽӸеˡ
ҵĿռǷɷħͨ챾£ҲԲܷ𸮵ĴڣеĻҿ԰ӡǷɷħԲᷢ㣡Ʒص
ãҿһԣ׽е˸м
ҵôҵļλѡƷ
û⡣׵ͷһЦѹֲסĿϲӡ꣬رǼȽΪ֮󣬺׿Ǻ޲ָܹԭʵ
߰ɣƷſռصˮħС
ΪȲں׵˽ԺױƷصԭڵĹСڹеȺʱˡ
ƷһȥֱӽСǸС
৵һ£
ʱռ֮УСǾһ£׵ʱСǼɻ
磬ʲôˣôСȻʵҲɻ
ţںųҲǵѡƷ΢΢һЦ
Ǻǣ׼λЦĴкԴӼʶƷ֮󣬺׿ɲΪСǻͨˡ
ؿʶˣڲáСϲЦ
ųǡҲ𣿡ʡ
ȻƷֵܵѣȻҲҺ׵ѡѺõЦ
ʵ̫ˣȻųΪѡЦ
Ǻǣ˴ؽкֵܹмرҪ顣ƷЦЦ㽫ϵһЩܸ֪˴ңֻ˵˺ڷӡ飬йڷɷħ飬ұܡ
֮󣬴Ϊ𾪣û뵽׾ȻҲλز¶ǿߡ
Ʒ֣˼ǣʡ
ֵܽӡĻȫģ֮ҲԶˣǺֵڽ֮»ָʵĻڴ˹֮УǴ洦ģĻЩɵõͻơƷЦ
ԣǴΪϲ֮ĻһǳҪĿͻƵĻȻҪֱǿˡ
ֵܣûɣƷźʵ
û⣬Կʼˡ׻صڽ֮󣬺׶Ʒѡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ
ţױ£СǾ˵һߣźס
Ʒߵǰ˵ֵܣһ֪ķӡڣ㾡Լ⣬һһ֮
Ǿ鷳ˡ׻ص㻺ı˫ۣʼڵ
Ʒ˫һչǿĻں׵ڣĿӵڵ
Է֣Ѿ׷׾ħ֮С
͵ģ׽̼Լħ֮Уħ֮б㷺һĺ⣬ħֳ֮һֵӡǡ
ӡǺǿȻôѹס׵ʵ
ǿǰɣͻȻ
ȷʵǿĻҪӡȷʵûʱ䡣㾡ɷģѾаսķӡֻǿܻʹ࣬סƷص
£ξʹ࣬ɡ׵
Ʒͷбһǳ£ȥڵķӡ⣬ֻ̫ԵǴ˼κһ˿⣬ܻúױķն
ԣƷںܽҵ̫ࡣ
СվһߣĿתĶţκһ˿ϸڶݴ
ʱƷԺѵֵܣмǣܵ·ʲô£㶼ɵֿȻǰˡ
ס׻ص
ԣƷҲǷˡ
̣Ʒ㽫еѹһƣסĴȻСĽһעں׵ڡ
һ룬ӱ͵һ鴤Եüʹ࣬־ᶨǿסˣҶκεĵֿ
ûеֿƷ׵ħ񴦡
֮ͬҧܵʹޱȵĥ亹˲ϮȫɫǱò԰ײѡȷʵǸ溺ӣȻסʹࡣ
Ʒǿܳܵסϴ񣬶ں׽ҲǴ洦ġ
׵ϣƷҲ˳Ľ׵ħ񴦡
ħҲΪҪĴڣħˣӰ켫ΣƷ˿ҳκεĲһλɵһ㣬һƵħǵӡ֮С
뵽ӡ֮ʱӡбһɰԵĵִ
ƷѾӡ֮УҲĶӡеĵִչ
룬жôĿ£ǵӡǲŵִ˲ã㽥·磬ӡǵɫҲʼı䵭
Ʒͷ亹ȫעĿסȻӡеĵִѾ·磬Ʒ绹һٹƣǼĥӡе
ֻǣ׿ɾˣǿħнʹ֣ǧлҪӵʹٱúײʹýг
СȻڵ״ȴԸоڳųԳܵʹ࣬־ȷʵ
ʱƣħڵǵӡǱԽԽ
ƷҲһȴֲȫɣһٶעں׵ڣӡ֮С
͵ģƷһٽӡѹ˹ȥ
ӡǣôȥֵƷ
أ
һεı죬ӡеƷһٹ
£Ʒ缴̽˻
͵ģӡǽ֮󣬺ڵħͻȻ䱬һɿֲ

͵˫ۣһһӴƴӿ˿
ǿ
˷׷״󾪣æֵȴǱǾƸƵ˽ߡ
һУӱǾ˸ݺݵĳ嵽˽ߣѪֺʵ̫ǿˡ
ƷҲһ£û뵽Ǳص֮ǿͷųڵԪֵɾƣҪȻСǿ޷ܡ
䣡
һ죬һɫⲨӺ׵ϵȫһĺâħڵƺһӱ͸֮ɫ㣬Ŀڵħ
𣡡
չ˫ȭݺսͷХһζǿߵĹ


1277 ƻ
öʧ
ʱ׻ջ˫֣һչ˫ֱۣ˵Ĺâǿ߰Ϣɢ
СھѣĿ˺ͻƳΪǿߡ
ƷЦ⣬ǳɹָʵƷ羪ȵǣ׵ʵѾﵽн׵ľ磬ϧûҷӡĻ׿Ҳý׵߽ǿˡ
ȭͷĸžΥ
ֵܣоΣƷЦʡ
мƷ磬ֵллƷֵܣûĻҿԶ޷ڵķӡˣֻǡ
ֻʲôƷ粻ʡ
ҵڵʵСȲĻºѽ׳̾
Ǻǣ㵹صģҿɴ֮ʵĻܲʵƷЦ
һ㶣ŷ֣Լָʵ֮Կ͸Ʒ磬ȻʣƷֵܣʵҺܺ棬ʵжǿѵΪ֮Եʲҿ͸𣿡
ʵ˵ֵܵʵ࣬۾ĻҿɾˡƷǫЦЦ
Ʒֵ̫ǫˣ츳ճΪħǿֻʱԵ⡣Ц⣬˶ֵˣȻѾָʵϾ̫ãҪһʱȥӦ
Ǻǣɷģʱռеʱ䡣Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ǰһĻǹһѡСֵĸ˵
Ȼȿռ䣡ǾȣƷչֳĸʵΪˣؾһλħҲ޷Щ
ǻеʱ䣬ֵбɡƷ˵
ҲãҲųȥϲĻصƷǾޱȣȻռĿռ
ǺǣҲúúñչˡСЦӸղź׻ָ֮ʱ
Ҳǡŵ뽭ֳͷҲǾҪʱռгʱˡ
ܹͻƵĻȻǺãһҲһͬСƷԴԼħ֮ʱƷһΨȻѰҽİ취
ͷɵɵЦϴҸղűײˣʲôûпҪ˵Ļˣϴ͸ҼħգҲֱʡ̡
ûϢƷֱӽһ߿
ϣϴһҲ̫˰ɣҲԼǿһ㣬ŲᶪϴʹƨɽеֵùЦ
Ʒҡͷʵħ֮УҲǶаײ֮ˣǱеЩαҪǿˡ
˺ƷǱǱޡ
һʱ䣬˵Ҳֻǹ˶̶һѣԾҲỳɡ
һʱҲǱС
˽뱩֮⣬С뷲ѿħ˧߽֮ѾãԴĿú׻ָʵع֮СҲ򣬴˴αչҲһİͻƣֻҪʱΪá
ʱռһƷҲǾĸ뱩һЩ似ʵúʵмû뵽Ʒ羹ȻڣԲħЩ˽Сˡ
ˣƷӮ˺뱩Լġ
뱩ǿȻײٶͻƾ磬ȴѾȫӦָʵоȻʵһĿ֮УҲԼͻƵħ˧ڵľ硣
ԣں뱩˶Ʒм֮⣬ƷľأûƷĻûڵǡ
ƷĻ˵еĽӤһǰǿʵ˲٣֮Ҳǲ֮ԶƷҲԼ꣬ҪͻƵĻҪյĿޣҪĻҪĻĥ
ڣһʱȥˡ
׵ʵٵͻƣϾҲʧ̫ãԲò뿪𸮡Ʒк̣Ҳ뿪𸮡
˵ĻڱչǱޣԱʱռ
صƷڵĹһȷʵǲŽǹһʱ䣬һʱǾԲ˻ɺƷġ
ֵܣǵðˡƷ˵ɲһֱħ˵͵
Ʒֵкμƻʵ
ţƷбԳһŵͼ׼Ʒиʮ˳ǵĵͼ֣ϾƷҪ㵽ͼѡ
򿪵ͼƷһָǵλãȻ˵ڵĵطٵвҪвıǶٳǵĵ¹ųǣбϳӸǣʳħ徹ȻǵΪбΪΨʳħѻ٣ҳǲͻˣ֡
ǣɲֻһǣǡֱΪħǡħħǣǿһʮ˳ʵС
Դڤħ彻ս֮ħеħ඼ܴ඼ѱչǱޣһǲٹϽħеĸ֮£ԸħеĸúܻҡиǣԲԴħص
ãƬħضʮ˳ʵģٳ֮һֱڻ
һֱܹѾãΪʮ˳ħǵʵҸ֮Ҳһμγһƽ⡣ڴħضʮ˳һֱûйΧսȴֲ١
ƷĻױüƷֵܣ˵ԸǵĻ±Ƚ鷳ǵλȻʵǳףϾҲЩǿߣ֮ΪٽһжĻͬʱλǿߣǵʵҪԸǲ⣬ֻǿ֮սػ𼫴Ķ֮ƽƵĻƬħظ֮ͻúܻңڵ˵ԻҵĻûкôģҵķɷħ׷ֵСȹ
ǺǣԸа취ҲصķɷħǸһ˵ħеħѾϽڸ֮£ڤ֮ĻǾԲӲģҲһֱӱȥɣĳҪǿʵƷЦ
Ʒֵ˵ǣĻҶġ׵ͷ
ǵùжھļƻҵʱ㣬ֵڲȻȥ˻ɡƷ˵
Ҳá׵˵ͷֵҾȸˡ
ٹգԻ㡣Ʒص
󣬺ױ뿪˹
뿪֮ƷҲ󲻾뿪˹ȻϵϢ׼ǰǡҪԸǵĻƷҪı̽ǵʵ


1278 С
ħ磬Ʒµ͵ƷûһֱôȥҲֲˡ֮Ȼһƽľ棬ƽɲά̫ãˣΪǿ
ԴƷǿ֮󣬾עҪصɱ¾гɳ
ʱƷѾ뿪ǡ
ǣӴ
ľܾãԺ֮ǰܵģжĻǵλȻ໥
ʱƷѾȻǵϿ֮סڵϢʼǡ
һǽ䱸ɭϣʵǿÿһǵʵҪǿ
סĵطҲһԻ͵Ĺֵ֮нƺ٣ڶࡣǵˮħ෴Ʒ࣬ȴǿտҲ
ţƷ˫һǿĻ͸롣Ʒ罫ڼǵλ޷ƷĿӡ
ãƷջ˻һЦȻûзֵλƷȴоɢһǿϢӦλڱչˡ
Ļô׶Ըˡ׵ĻֻҪƷյúãؿһֱɱԲκεĶ
ǺǣλҪùˡƷһЦƾʧ
Ʒ㷵ħ߾פأϾƷɲ뿪ħ߾פ̫ãȺܻܿᰵпԼھļƻѾˣֻٵȹжѡ
ԣ⼸Ʒ綼ֵУħ߾Ĵҹˡ
ֱ졣
ŹѣƷ绹ûдҪжֻǺͻȻҴҵƷˡ
ƷǺǰס˺׵ɫ춯ɲǳԭļƻģʣֵܣôˣ
ƷֵܣСڼҪټ㣬СȵɫЩŹ֣Ҫĵ㡣ɫ˵
ټңƷüͷ΢壬ҲܻԼˣصðɣȥһˡ
С˵ֻһˣҾͲȥˡ׵
ðɡƷ˵ͷˮħķȥ
һ·ϣƷ綼ǰ˼ѰţͻȻټԼΪأ
ڣƷѾõȵͨħԶˮħһЩƲܵӰ죬ֻ뵽ҪλȵŮӣƷжЩƷΪŮӣҲƷ޷˼һλŮӡ
˲ãƷµˮħԥ˻ƷˮħС
һһ˵ϰԵ˱ǶֻǲȵӰ
ƷȶסϵϢֶƷݼˡ
ˡһ
ƷٴʵͻȻҶΪ£
ѵû¾Ͳܽ𣿡ȵٶȻشֻƺ˼
Ҳ˼ƷæصһŮƷԵ˵
Ǻãȥһطɡ˵һĺɴϯ£һǿصΧסƷ硣
ȻƷҲûκεķȻ㱻ǹǿ˹ȥ
ţͻȻƾռֵƷǰĵľݼҪƷıǼ⣬дϮ˵ζһЦǺǣ֪Һ𣿡
ˣҡҿܲ𡣡Ʒ簵亹ȶסȵĹƻ֮Ҳʵ̫ľΪ˵һĿ顣
ʲôˣȶͲ𣿡ԵЩá
⡭ƷһȰӡ
һЦǣЦʣʵĺܺ棬ǲǷеӶȤ
˵ЦˡƷƿȵӻص
ߣһõ˵ȸȥطɡ
˵꣬ȱֱӴƷ磬˲ʧˮħ֮С
һ̣Ʒ㷢ԼȻȴ˶ħֵϿ֮
һط±ǶħֵвԭΪڶħевһ¶޵ĵطû뵽ȻһԴ֮ء
Լ޴ĺֻһƬ峺ĺˮˮС壬СһƬɽСƬٲǣٲˮǴӺˮ϶ġ
ɣȴƷ䣬ڼˮʱƷȴֱӱһɾƿ峺ĺˮ֮С
ƷУͻȻߴһЦɵ۵ĿõһĻ
ȵˣŽ趯ˮȾǴŮһ㣬ЦĴˮƷ翴ĿɿڴִЦݣƷһִȻסܰ
ܰɫһ͵ĴӺзԾ䵽Ʒǰ㶵ʵ˵ܰ𣿡
Ʒһ㶣ʧȻ˹صǵģղŵĺʶܰ񡣡
ӣʡ
ǣֻǰһѡƷص
ѣоȻĪϲЦƷ˵֪ҵĹƻ֮ȻھĻ֮ˣǾԲܵƻ֮Ӱ졣ħӣѾǶһ޶ˡᣬֻҸܹƽһ̸ĵѡ
˵ţзż֮ɫ
ԵĻһѡƷһϵĻص
ԣϴϲ֮ɫ˫ߵ˺ߣһ峺ĺˮ˵ƬˮΨһħûܵκȾģҳϲһ˴ǰɣ
Ʒص
ֻ˵ڷиһֱܹڷħѾˡ̾ϳ֮ɫ
лġƷƷ˵ȾǿƷҲֻһλŮӶѡ
ϣɡЦЦ˵ǰһֱһСׯΪǵǿʳħ磬ҲòǵĴׯѧԼǿҪңԺŻǣȴʧȥԭ˰˶ʼηңĺۣĲ֪Լֵܼ˶á
˵ƷõһλŮӣΪ˱ԼĴӣȻѡԼɣ̿ɵܶĿίƷﲻΪȸеᡣ
ȻҾη㣬ȴͬ㣬Ϊ㱣˴ң˴ӡԵĻһõѣһúñôҡƷЦ
£Ʒ¶˲ĵЦݣллܰҵѡ˶٣ֵ֪λܰŮҪûȡԺԽС𣿡
СȡƷͷһЦ
ЦЦ˵ллʵҺܺ棬ôɫˣһϲ˰ɣ
ѾӺͺˣֻΪһЩԭȥ磬һҪ취ȥ硣Ʒص
ӣӣȽһĪһɹĸоǵȻһЦǺǣ㣬һԽӺͺ۵ġ
ллңĴΪѡƷϵ˵
㡣΢΢ͷͷİգֻǽɫдżǳ
ƷҲգܰҲܰݡ


1279 ɱϣ
Ӷħл֮ȱװµķˮħصԭ϶ĵסֻƷȴ֪λħڤеĹĵǷǳġ
˵̸֮£ȻҲΪ֮ܡ
ƷصڹǵĵȺš
һƷױһǰæʣôƷֵܣСû㡭
û£ϴһ򵥵̸һЩѣģСûлңֵܲصġƷЦ
ôȥһ죿֮ôоСȺе㡭Ʒ˵ܸоƷ֮ͱЩˡ
Ʒ£ͷһЦٺ٣ȥһطһ̸һЩ£СѾҵˡ
ѣȥʲôط׾ʡ
ܡƷЦЦæ㳶˵ˣǵжԿʼˡ
ڣü
СȾȻѾң֮ھԲټңжʱ򡣡Ʒһɫ˵
ãüƻ𣿡ʡ
֮УԲнƣа취ЩйȥǵλħʵǿλѶԸһЩǾȴħ֣ȻٶԸλƷݺݵ˵
û⡣׵
Ҿ˵˵еļƻƷ΢΢ͷСں׶ϸϸ˽ţͷ

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ħţħ˵ʵǿ˽һħ˧ǿڶ࣬ﵽ˰λ
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Щ֮ħչڵ֮УһЩơħĽǿҲЩƣǼǿе
ħ޳һΪħλʵǿġѾҪﵽн׵ʵΪħ֮壬ӵǿ
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Ʒֵܣħǽ䱸ɭϣҪǿнħйĻ»鷳ɫ˵
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֮ڣħ֮⣬λ䲿£ħ˧߽ǿߡ
λħ˧ħŵ֣
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кζħͳʵ
Դʳħ屻֮Ǳ޶׹ص
ʳħʵףΪԵƣȳ֣ħ߾ŵʵԳȥʳħ塣Ҵ֮УʳħǸһλħ¿棿ħʵ
ȷʵõϢλħʵף˵ħ߾ŵĸſ⼪˹󹫾˴˵ϣѾ˿⼪ĸְ֮ش˼䲻򵥣ھħ߾ڲ֮£ڻ޷׼ȷϢ˵
ǿ֪ħݣħüʡ
λħƷ磬˵Ǵӷ½չġ׻ص
½ˣߣһҪ跨˸£ħ˵ǵԲɳ
һ㲻ףǵʵȥ׾٣ΪβֱȡǵġãҲԲ˵
ǻ𡣡ħ˵ڸ֮䱣һƽ棬֮ħƣԺǼ᲻֡ǵʵڸԵüշǣǵͻǿֻܶʩѹʱˣؿ˵ǹִħŮһշǡǲȴ÷ʩѹ
ӢһЦ
ͻȻһЦ֮УǺǣҲʵ̫˰ɡ
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ħ͵ɫأܹϢǱԼʵѰ
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ħɫһ˫ֶټֳ޴ĺɫӣڰǿħѾо˺Ϣв
ǡɫڼ׳ֵʱǼ˿µĶħһ㣬ȫ
һ˭ħʵ
ǺסײĻص
ףħ߾ŵųףħɫ䣬ȻûףҲ׾ħ˧߽ǿ߶ѣԺչֳʵԼֻ߲͡
Ǻǣ׼ħ׵ȻһЦ
ףʵôܻǣħɫȻѣʵԽܺôһλǿˡ
ðɡ䵭Ļص
ߣȻˣħŮҲ˰ɣħʵŭѣȫѳӦķ롣
СȲû΢΢ҡͷ
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ħɫ㾪㵵Ŀ֮УֳһӰıħкŸոմȾѪ


1280 ɱУ
ȵĽħʲôû壬ĿԼλĲ±ƷɱʵԲںס
Ҳһ£ϾǵһμƷʵ֣û뵽ƷʵеĻҪӿֲʹǺѾָʵղƷǹĽ׸ûƷγֵģ
ħǲĽƷıӰŭĽʵ㵽˭
Ǻǣ㲻Ҫ𣿡ƷһЦתӣȤζĶħЦҾҪ£ˣƷ磡
㡭Ʒ磡ħɫµľ˼ԴйƣƷֻħ˧߽ǿ߶ѣôͻȻ;߱ʵصҲ̫˰ɡ
ǵģҡƷϷʰЦЦ
㡭ǵôģħʵ˵ԼѾﵽн׵ʵǰλʵǳ͸ǿߣħɲΪȡʤİա
ңħԽܵǣôͻȻðλʵµǿߣʵԲƷ׵Ķ֡
Ǻǣǵİ취Ҷһ˵ҲûҪȥ֪ʲôˡƷЦ
ߣѾΥ˹ѲĹ𣿡ħߵԵõ㡣
ͲˣڸղҺֵ㽻̸֮ʱйⲼ˽磬ھ˺ĶҸұ֤޷ȥôܴȥأƷЦ
ǺñɣħҲôħŭһŭһ˫еľ޴ŭҪƷǵȥ
ɫһѱܵѪһħ׼֣ЩѪ͵ı㳯ħϮ˹ȥ
ಣಣ
һѪͬһ㣬ĲħԴӺ׻ָʵ֮󣬲ٿѪħֵѪħҲ˳
ħɫһ䣬˫δҳȥ˫֮УѪ˹ǽƻһ㣬˦˦˫۱㱻ЩѪı
ȻЩѪֿʼȼħϣݺݵսħӣħԶ
쵰ħһȵƾЩҪңûôף
𣡡
ħŭһǿҵĺâӸոյ죬׼׳ӣħڱһǿ
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ħչ¶ĻԲܻƷǵĶ֣׵Ѫħѡ
Ǻǣħ̫͹ˡһЦ˫һһֶʮѪħսħ

ħʹһû뵽Ѫħ֮ǿħʵҪѪħĿƲѣֻҪһʱ䣬ֻħźףҪƷΪµĴڡ
ʱƷ˹ֱӱƵħǰ߷Ц˵˼Ȼϲַʽ㣬û취Ϊ˰ȫֻܼ˽㣡
룡ħŭѣ͵ſ޿ڣٵľۼһڰ򣬳ǿĺڰƷ˹ȥ
Ʒ΢΢һ𽣽ǰħһǼǿĺڰͬѰɡ
䣡
һ죬ľƷ˫Ħŵ棬ֽˡ
һôƷħһסҲ̫˵ȥ˰ɣϾƷʵҪԶԶǿħġ
ħҲһ£ĴЦһΪСкأǸ֮ѣȻ˲񣡡
˵꣬һħ𣿡
ħٶɫ䣬ԭſЦݶʱ佩Ӳסˡ
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ħĵҲջѪħ
չһױƷվţѪܵһ˸ĹȻͷ𽣵һƷ硣
Ʒֵܣ⡭ô£Ǽƻпɲ㶵ľʵǰһĻʵ̫ˡ
ҵķ壬Ҳ塣ƷЦЦõ˵Ҳֻǲ˷ѡ
壿ˣƷҲʵ̫̬˰ɣôһʵѾﵽ׵ľ硣
ˣħλˡƷޱ˵
΢΢ͷǲ⣬ƷŵǿʵƷֵܣкô
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ţƷĵһ𸮣ź˲ʧħ֮У뿪ħ֮Ʒĵһħ뻢ħзȥ
뿪֮Ʒ㿪ʼħ
ЩȻЩħ˧ǿߣڶ࣬ƷЩħ˧һĻᶼûУȻɱ
Щ֮Ʒ㿪ʼħв÷󡣱ϾͬʱԸλǿߣòκεĶֻҪλǿ߱ĻƷǱ̽ɱ
ħǣħ
ȻһɹϢħǵϿ֮Ϣ΢ޣħ˧ǿߵ͸Ӧ
ǣħȴǿԸӦõ
Ϣ˭ڱչеħ͵˫ۣдΪɻ󣬳˼˻ƾʧ
һ̣ħħǵϿ֮ϸȥӦϢ
ܿ죬ħ׷ٵֵϢ
ϢƺǷħ׷һ㣬һ±㼱ȥ
ߣߣô𣡡ħһϢѾĽϾˣ⣬ѭǹϢȥ򣬼ٵ׷ȥ
ڻħ֮УڱչеĻħҲͬоһɹϢεǸ˭Ѿַ˻ħǵء
£ħǵϿ֮ӦϢԼ֮⣬һƺԼڼȥ
ħôʹ˷ŹбǺϢߵݣѭϢٵ׷ȥ


1281 ɱ£
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ħ뻢ħѭǹɹϢȻ׷ٵħǣȻ͹ʧˡ


ħ뻢ħһ㶣û뵽Ȼһ
磬ô㣿ħʡ
ҲоǹɹϢħ㵵ķʵ
ħͷ¿մħǣüͷ˵֣ϢͲǴģղҸоϢ׷ٵ֮ͻȻʧˡ
Ҳǡħɫ˵˿Ҫǵΰ쵽ģ
ô죿ħʡ
ڴﲢ춯ܸоЩ֣Ȼ˲ȥʸħһ˵
Ҳáħ˵꣬˱һͬħ֮С
ħеĽƣħ뻢ħ͸˿׶ٵߵħйֵֻǣħ澹ȻûκһĻָоκεĴ򶷺ۼ
ֱߵħйǰ
ʱŽգɢһֵϢ
֣ôһ˶ûУħ󲻽ʵ
ûκδ򶷵ĺۼӦްѵղǹϢֻǵĴֲ̫ܣħţȻкܶ಻ԾĵطܲϹְɡ
޷֣ǾȻоϢħ
⣬Ƚȥ˵ħ˵˴֮С
ħ룬Ļ˵Ҳλǿߣе˵ĻǶҲӦ
ֻǣ˽֮С
Ȼ֮䣬֮бһɲɫâ˲仯ͻȻһĿռһ㡣
£˱㾯
ô£ħ˫¶˷絶צӣڵ
ҲµûĻӦǴһħˡħɫص˵еֳһս
ħѵǴ磿ħȻʡ
ǴĻǲܸоϢħѾսϷǿҵĺڹ⣬ʱѱ
ħͲסкʵ˭Ҵأ
Ǻǣ˼ĴѾˡһЦ֮УƷ绺ֳΣЦħǡ
һƷ磬˱㾯ΪǸͲʶƷ磬ȴǸоƷʵǿԲǡ
ʲôطħʵ
ԪҵĽɡƷ絭ȻһЦ
ߣ㲢û˵ѣΪҪɱҴ磿һ⽫㵽ʲôˣħʵ
Ʒ硣ƷƽĻص
ʲôƷ磡ħ뻢ħͬʱһһŰĶƷ磬Ǳ֮ǣֵ֮Ʒǿɶš
ǼƷʱ򣬲֪Ѿص͹Ʒʵû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼλ˿ʵǿߡ
ǺǣҲͦ˽ҵ𡣡Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ߣɱҴ磬ҿԺôǵħߵ
ɱǣõȥʲô𣿡Ʒ
ħһս͵˫һţٵɱƷ硣
ħʾצųɱȥ
˵ٶȼ죬֮ݾŭѵıƵƷǰ
Ʒԭز۲мŻħ˳ɱ˼ƽһ̣Ʒ͵̧𽣳ĺն
䣡
һ죬𽣰һɿֲĳѹƬռ䶼һŤ
ħɫһ䣬Ʒһʵ̫ǿˣǿô˼飬ֱֲƶѹ˼Ҫ
𣡡
ħŭһ͵ĻսǿĺڰȲѵӭƷһնȥ
䣡
һ𵴿һӴľ
ħһ˫һ飬㾪ֵĸоһɼԵķ֮壬ֱΣһѪֱӴп˳

ħʹһݺݵıȥ
ƷѾﵽн׵ʵ֣нǿƷӲֲ˱ˣǾ͸˵ʵֻǴﵽ׾Ļħˡ
磡ħһͷŭƷˣҪɱ㣡
𣡡
ħŭХһ̼֮ӿ˫צ֮УȻħħһ˫צȴʹҪǿࡣ
ƷһеĳͻȻֶ
ݣ
ĽâųеħֱϮȥޱȡ
ħһ£֪Ʒһ͵һ㣬ҪƷķɽħֲǣڸնǷɽʱǷɽʶһħתȥƣֺݺݵĳħؿ֮˹
쵰ħһǷ˾ţ֮ſɶɽ֮δܶɽϮ
ݣһ
һѪɽűħһʹĲҽУһۣǱƷһն
Ʒ޾ʹ˷Źħ˲ֵħǰħ˵ȥֿһ˿ӦĻᶼûУƷǿƱѾصĻħؿС
أ
һǿҵħдѪʹһصıڵء
ܣħһŭѣ˫һ죬һһǿħâʢ֮£ٶһϳľ޴ڻ׶ӡ
ħƷʵԱ̱ħЩӦ֡
أ
һǿҵ죬޻Ļħ֫һ̤͵ĳɶŭɱƷ硣
ϧħŸճԶ
ͻȻ
ಣಣ
һƿհĺХ֮죬Χ֮ȻϮһѪħе˼Ʒϣûвл͵Ϯ
𣡡
ħһδԶԶδ嵽Ʒǰ㱻ЩΧĪϮһѪһӣԶ
ǿϧˡƷЦЦ̤һһƷͬԽռӵ˻ħǰ
ݣ
ϬĳƷĴ˻ħؿڡ
ħͫױ˾
ƷɫƽκεУݺݵĽħڵȡ˳
磡ħߵ˻һŭӸƴˣ
ͣ
ħſںͻȻ䱻ʲôסһ㣬ֵĶˣȴоؿд˾ҵʹࡣ
˼ûˡϤħĶߴƷĵһǿгħڵȻ󾲾ߵħǰ
ħɫĶƷĵһ壬ֶϿմƷ磬Ѫ˵ôܡ
˵꣬ħĵȥÿɾԩˡ


1282 
ǵλԱƷɱ
Ͼĵλߣס֮ҲͿԴģԾλˣʱǾԲᱻɵġ
ƷǴգɱ
ãƷױ͵͵ķħפء
صУƷЦǺǵ˵˴μƻܳɹѾɴˡ
ƷֵˣȻҲ˳ЦǱڵвá
ڸǶԵ¹ųˡƷ˵
Ʒֵܣ¹ųڸ֮ģ˵ӰҲǺܴѾȥǣ˵ⲻǷչĻᡣҵ¹ųǵλʵҪԸĻ鷳ܴ󡣡ص˵
ǵλ𣬵Ͼܳʱ䲻˻ɣ¹ųȻһǽϽҿɲΪ¹ųǻһֱ֣ܰǵ鱻޲ĻǵޱضȻǣԵһﲻܲǵޱǳȥĻǱɽĳǵƿأϢȻᴫǣӵеͲǵƷ˵
Ʒֵ˵ĳǵĳǵĵԶҲԲǵ˻ˡ׵˵ͷü̫ѶԸǵȫ֮ߡ
⼸һȥ¹ųһ̽ʵټҵķ壬ԽǼһˣƷݺݵ˵
ãôˡӦһδйʹ죬ֵƷֵܣҾ͵ĺϢȸˡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ
󣬺ױЦ뿪ˡ
ƷҲûмǰ¹ųǣֻΪ˱Ȳɡ
ȻƷ㽫һڵУռ֮СƷҪǿԼʵƷԲŹκһʱ䡣
СǵĻڱչ֮Уʱռӵеʱ㹻СͻƵļʺܴƷ粢ġ

ֱա
Ʒ룬ǲ춯ż֮ҲӦòᱻ˻ɡ
ƷҲˣռգ꾳ִо֮ѾԽԽӽˣƷԪҲǿʵࡣ
⼸գҲټԼȻͻȻټԼеһڵĻͻȻټҲܹӦ
̣Ʒ֮ǰ¹ųǡ
¹ųǣλǶ֮ʮڣҪͨǵĻþ¹ųǵءԵ¹ų谭Ҫǵչ׳¹ųǵƿס
ƾ֮䣬Ʒڵ¹ųظϿմ
һ£ɼһźڰľ޴һ̾ڴ֮У˳֮ħеĸߵȳǣռݵĵܴ﷽Բ
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ɣƷչ˻ʼ¹ųС
֮أһħһƬӴĸۡĸڶ࣬ħ˧ǿߣٶλ
λҲλ֣дµĽơƷĻǿ⣬ҲҽðȻ̽ЩС
鷳СƷ簵ҡͷԼõϣڵ¹ųǵ˽ҲһСֶѣݲ˵ȥޣǴЩҲ÷ѺЩʱ䡣
ڣƷֲҼӣֻεĽ˻
ǣ͵Ʒջػ֮ʱűӭһǿħ֮
Ʒһ㵣û뵽ԼĻȻ˸ˡ
ţƷ𾪵ǣħ֮׷ٶ֮ڵ¹ųֱһǿħ֮ħ֮Ȼܴ֮󣬵ȴǿ
աƷ簵һħ֮֮ʱƷУ뿪˵¹ųǵء
һ£
֮У㾪ֳӰ
磬ô£һλڷʵ
֣ǲ̫ˣղҺоҪǣħ֮ǿӦòҡһλص˫ŷĳһ㣬⣬һ֪Ǹݽɫ
ⲻܰɣڸУû˵ʵܹǿ硣
ܻǵˣԺǻСĵΪ
Ǻ˵꣬ɸµħأһƬ˼֮С
ʱƷ뿪˵ĵ¹ųǵء
û뵽¹ųҲز¶ȻôλߣͱˣҪµ¹ųûôˣûȥú취Ʒ簵ţٷǡ
صǣƷ㿪ʼоԸ¹ųǵļƻ
Ź죬ױƷ硣
ƷǺ׹׿϶Ҫټˡ
һ£Ʒ˲ֵ˺׵ǰֱʵֵܣǲСҪټң
ǣС㴫Щ׻ص
ƷԵɻ󣬵ûй⣬ǳԺ˵ˣֵܣ¹ųǽѾȥˣû뵽¹ųǻصͦģҷֳ˵֮⣬澹ȻһλǿߣҲ㱻ˡ
ǡԵúܾȡ
Ҫȡµ¹ųǵĻ֮ºѶԸǡƷص˵
˵¹ųôʵҲûĿĵġ׳ͷͻȻʲô¹ųǵڵ÷һˡ
ΪΣƷʡ
ʮ֮Уʮ˳ǵҪμӡص˵Ψѱǳȥϻ˲ɡ˴СټǶ¾Ϊ顣
᣿ôô顣Ʒ˼ӡ
ħǵĺµģ˵Ҫöʮ˳ǵദʵʵ˵ǺһҪ˻λʵ򵥵˵Ϊ˹ħڶʮ˳еİλѡ׽͵
ȻĻǵ¹ųǵֻʱһˡƷε̾û뵽ͻȻðʲôᡣ
СѾ˵ˣ˴ͬУǡ˵ţѵƷֵܿҪСģʱɸǵǿ߲μӣǧܱ¶ʵҪȻĻ˵鷳ǵҲܻɵǵϡ
ģԻ¡Ʒص
УСĺǼһһʵѾҪӽħˣһǿıٴ֣صѵ
֪ˡƷ΢΢ͷɫأԼʵԿħĻҲǺĶ֡
׽Щ֮󣬱뿪ˡƷһذӣΪҲ̫ʱˣµʱô˳ˡ


1283 ħ
ʮ֮ڣƷٶȱչأȡ֮ǰܹǿʵ
ϾǾۼڳǿߣ¶˵ĻƷҲʵϡ
СѾչʮ֮꣬˵ǺһĹú֮ܳһʵħ˧߽ǿ߿ؿǳǧꡣ
̶ʮգת۱
ϧǣʮ֮УƷ绹ûеõͻơ
Ʒױرˮħ֮С
Ƚ½һЩ֮󣬱Ʒһ뿪ǡ
ʱңԶĺڿ֮УƷ粢мɡ
ƷһصӣʵСȣôˣ
ÿʮһΣ˴ȴǱҪ࣬ûô򵥡ȳص
Ʒ簵Ѱ˼˻ȻЩɺϣǵԲй¶ȥʣʵҺܺ棬ųĻҾͬе˺ųҸʺϣΪѡأ
˵ҵĸоأЦЦ
оƷɻ
㲻ᶮģΪŮ˵һָоҸоͬлȽϺðɡȵһЦȻش̫ǿˡ
Ļش̫˼ˡƷ˵ĻҺ֪ڸ֮£ϾҶħе˽ʵǻ̫ˡ
ƷʣȻشģЦǺǣǶʮ˳֮أԭڷħ˵ĹϽ֮ǰеħǿ߶ѾʧˣԲٹϽڸ֮¡Դӷħʧ֮Ƕʮ˳ǵУħΪ׵ΪǿħƳħǣ˹λǿߣħǵĺ˵Ѿħ֮Զˡ
λǿߣƷ粻һ㶣벻ħǵ֮ǿ
λʮǣǣκεһģɱСЩѡǣǵʵҲǲɹġȻص
ôʮ˳һֱǴڵ𣿡Ʒʵ
֮⣬ЩǶһֱڵģԸ֮еǿ߽б仯Ҳǿڸǵ䡣Ȼص
䣿Ʒ粻ʡ
ǺǣħеǷǳпģΪ֮ǱһݵħеĹ˵ӵһǡħ˵󲻴˵ССÿһλΪǣǵؼƫԶҲź˵ǡǿ߶ҪȡǵĵλΪܹȡǶѡȻħĿ֮£֮άƽ򣬵֮䰵˰֣Ƚ͵ƷҲ
ӦҲǱϵô򵥰ɣƷ粻ʡ
ǵģ᲻ǸӶѡħǵɶҡ֪ġħǵλᣬ˿ո˳ǵ֮⣬ǵƽ֮УǿҲὫᱻǵǿȡɫĻص
ȡƷɻ󲻽⡣
򵥵˵֮Уǿ߶ڽΪɣѰҿԽԷɱĻᡣ䱻ɱǴ˳ûλĻôǱᱻǵȡԴݣÿʮһᣬܻıĸ֡Ȼħǵ޷ҡʵҲǺĹƶѡ˵
ƷԵЩΣʵǵڸ֮Ӧòǿɣ
֪˵ʲôȳƷ磬̾ǴӵأؼƫԶҸǵΪ˭ϡأᣬһЩһ㶼ᳶϸġ
ԭˡƷ˵ͷ
Ҳ˵ˣǵüӿ̣ȸϵħǡʱҪעһЩҪһЩʲôˣҿɾȲ㡣ѵ
˿ңͬУҾԲ鷳ƷصʵƷĵĻǵ飬ֹʽڵĻôƷҪסǵѶȾͺܴˡ
ƷҲû˵ʲôٸħǡ
ħǼԶǧһ·ϣΪ˱һЩҪ鷳ҲǿıܿǵطΧֵϲٵ·̡
ԼĪ˴졣
ƷǰԶһΪԻ͵ľ޳ǣ޳Ʒĵ¹ųǻҪƾǵĳǽнɸߣվԶĸе޳ɢϵİơ
Ƕʮ˳ʵǿħǣȷʵɣƷʶķΧУҪɴ˳ǣǿɵĶûһʵҲ޷˳ǡ
ˣȥɡȵ˵Դħǵ֮ȵɫħǵĲԶ֮¡
ƷҲ֪ħֵطǾԲܴϿзйȥģԱȴӿз
£ƷȴǼһ㵵Լ
ôʲô𣿡Ʒ㶵ʡ
ǸųÿҸϵħǵʱҲ۵ùǺģһ¶ûСȺɰĳƷ˵
Ʒһ㶣Ȼһ㣬ͷڨڨЦǺǣ˵ǰڷеʱҲַʽеģԶ˵Ⲣʲô
ˡҡҡͷҲûй໳ɣ߰ɡ
Ʒ簵˿ħȥ
߽ħǣǸʵĳǽһĺɫħμųһɿµϢη
ǽ֮£޴ĳţΪڸʯ죬Ӳǿڳ֮ǰפŽλħʵߣλħ˧ǿߡ
ԼƾųŵʵͲοħء
ΪҪħоٰԵʣԳ˸ٵǿߣħǽƳͨеġ
ȱϾһһ϶߹ӣƷϹϾĽں󣬻ߵǳ֮ǰ
Щеһȵ֮ʱһʧһ㣬Բӣһ԰Ȼ˹ԿЩĵҺҪˡ
Ͼȵɫμɢ㣬ʹùƻ֮ܽЩԵߵ
ͣ½ŲĳЩʧеû𣿡
Ȼ˱㾪˹ֻʹˣѷԸȶħݻ
һȥЩһȥƷҲȵ
ЩڼƷʱ򣬱ִɷ羰ĸоƷܹ˽ӽʱ򣬼ĽǶʼɡ


1284 鼧
һħǣһƬٵĹŵ佨Ⱥ˽־İУַǷ̾Ƹ಻ʤһݳС
ħΪʮ˳еĵһǣȷʵǷɡһ˳ǣƷ綼һ˽ǵĸоƷĳи޷֮ȼġ
Ը߹󲻷ʣɢ˳Զ־ηϢΧֻۿҿرǼȷı־Ǿжֹˡ
Ƚħ֮ѾΪ˳еĽ㡣ƷȴǿԸоΧϮһɱһ˫˫ݺݵڶԼ
ƷΣŮҲǵ𹫷ߵġ
·ĳڼ֮ʱ׷׹ֻһ˫˫۹ȵ϶ͣ֡
ȲȥЩ˵ȣѭϤĽֵصȺתֵ֮һƸС
Ƹ󣬲üݻħоһġƸ֮ǰ߸ߵĹɫ֡ħ
ħħеĵһƸ治Ʒ࣬ŨŨľɴֵŵľ㶼һ
ʱǰվλòȵŮӣλŮڿ֮ʱҲȻʧɫǻǱϹϾӭ˹ЦˣѾΪ׼ϵȵĹ󷿡
ȸƽĵ˵ͷ
ţλòŮӱӭƷħ
ڼƷʱλŮҲһ£ƺоƷĲǳӢħҲΪôһ䣬ֱɲŮò롣
ħ˱Ƕĺܸߣħ˲ҽħҲǱȽ⣬רΪǵ
ħܴͬǽһԹ㣬еݺύƷȸλòŮӣתеһƬ仪еҲħΪ߹ĸ󷿡
ƷĴţȻóȻԻȥ̽飬ȴǿԸоħдʮǿϢħѾвǿѾˡֵǣһĻӦҪڳдǣΪҪ
ƺ뵽Ʒеɻ󣬱㴫ٰᣬϵ˼ΪøǵദԸ˻ħӴԱĿʼŻõȵ֮󡣡
Ҫ죿Ʒһ㶣ʵôǿǺ׻¶˷
ûѾû˸ˡȻص
ΪʲôƷʡ
ħǺڴµĻھħƣǿߣҲʱ⵽У˵ǿڴ¶ɱҪСĵ㣬мǲֳ¶ˡȽѵ
һעġƷ˵ͷֻ벻ֶλͦݵģΪ˹Լİλ뷽跨ĿƸǵʵ
ˣĹˡλòŮӹһЦһǰͣ
Ѿ׼˾ʳħеƷ˻ʲôҪĻܷԸŮֹ˵
ˡ΢΢ҡͷ
ǡ
λòŮӹһ񣬱Ĵ˷š
Ʒ׼ȥ֮ʱһгЦ㽿ｿĻϣԭȽˣʧʧˡ
һϱ¶֮ɫƷҲüͷѭȥ
ֻһλµŮһȺЦӯӯ˹λŮòĻѷȣ־ɫŮħҲǲΪλŮ֮ɫʤȣ߰ϸŤĺǿţͦظֻǹŰߣֻҪ΢΢һ㣬Ŀ˵ظֱǸɫɱ˵
ƷڼλŮӵʱΪһĴǶĵľֹƷ翴ǼԺļŮһ
Ǻӵ֮վλӣΪ׵λߣŹĺ۹⡣
ƷٶһλߵʵǿѾﵽн׵ľ磬ϵϢƷоżϤ
УںλӣȻϵϢصúܲƷ绹ǸоλǱһλǿߣӦǿصġ
Ǻǣԭ鼧ǿһЦݵĴкȲû˳ǺŮӵĻΪá
ޣƷ簵ľ޲ǵ¹ųеλǿ𣿾ˣôƷ簵пӵ¹ų֮ʱо¹ųдǿϢôҲ˵ͨˣһλǵޣһλǵλӵһλˡ
λ鼧Ļ׵ʵò˫ͬ޹ƻ֮鼧Ӧͷˣ㲻ͷ˴֮Ҳþ޺øС
СþòֻȴкȻûڵ˼һ˫ȴĶƷ硣
Ʒ簵ľȶסϵϢǵ޵ʵǿҲԲƷʵ
ǰֻǵĻһЦ鼧ʵ鼧ͬжİɣ
Ȼ޴ĹϵһǲǽԶǡ鼧Цӡ
Ǻǣϲһ˱Ƚ徲ȵȻһЦȴɫҹ¹ųǽõĻǺܲģε᲻ǰ˳ˡ
ƷҲɫأӵλǿߣ鼧Ĳͣ鼧ܻܿȲ
СȽ㿴ǲ̫ϲˡ鼧һЦƷ磬̰ЦǺǣôβǺųأСһﻹͦʵģ֪ϵĹǷ˵ã
˵꣬鼧գ۶ƷƻţƷ˸о֮⣬ֺҪȥһȭĳ嶯
鼧ءλûµĻǾ͵ټˡ
ֻǿЦѡ鼧ȰЦЦƷ磬ľɻû뵽Ʒ羹ȻԼĹ֮һӰ춼ûС
ЦԺͱˡĶһ΢΢ͷƷ˵Ʒ磬ǽȥ
ǡƷ繧ӦȽ˹֮С
ΪԼ˲أϾҪÿ鼧ߵзɱ
ղǸСЩ֡üͷ˵
ҲоˣȻҵĹ֮Ӱ죬ʵҲֻħ˧߽׶ѣΪ鼧ص
ϣɡ޵˵ͷ˵ҲûȥˣĻ˵޺ô
ҲǣĻŴεļƻһܳɹġ鼧Ц


1285 ᰸
߽УȻħеĹ󷿷þƷȴܡ
Ҫ鷳ˡȳ̾
Сȣ鼧гԹƷʡ
˵ʲôԹֻλ鼧ʼ֮ģҹǱҲò˶٣Ȼϵĳͻȴභ˵޺ô˴βһҹ¹ųǽõĻҲ֪¹ųصʵжҲûô򵥡˵
ǿ죿Ʒ粻ʡ
ֻ̣ҪŪͿˣֻҪͿˣЩ¶ˡȻص
ҶҲȤܹ뿪ͿˡƷص
ûô򵥡ȳ̾һδйǡ
Ʒ簵˫ȭߵǸСȣǺҲԲŹ
ħǣ
Թʽڡ
ħǵĳͭǽڣפؽǧħ˧ǿߣнڶ࣬봳ڲĻ߽ǿ߶÷Щ鷳
ħУ壬ҹѪ¼壬ԺҹѪҲħеĺ
֮⣬ħƳǵλħħ죬ħǵλħħԳǹħǡеλǿߣԭǳеλϣֻλѾȡԭĳǵԺѾΪ˼̷ħ֮ǿ֮ǣҲȥħǡ
ħҲ̫Ǽŭ˸ĻѹƸǵܱƵֶԸħǡ
ԺܴᣬԶԸƺ⣬ø֮ͻԲܸǵΣԲӰ쵽ħǵİλ
֮С
ʱλӣЩӵķζ࣬ǽħǵĺλǿߣħƳǵħħǵħԳ˽Ǵﵽнϼʵ
λ֮ϣһλɫĹͷӣֻǹͷӵͷ֮źɫͼѪɫӣȴɢһ˾ηϢ˫ۣڳ˼š
λͷӱħǵ
֮Уճš
΢΢˫ۣͳʵǵѾ˰ɣ
ˣǵλǵڶѾħˡҹ֮ɫ˵
ǣüͷԴɻ˵ħһ򶼾ʧԼ絽ˣôûˣ
˵ǸʵģӦò᲻ӣӦǳЩɣϾشƫԶʮʱҲܷһЩ춯Ѫ³˵
ˣǵΪȴ˴һħơħ죬ǰȥ̽飬رǺúһµ¹ųǣҷֵ¹ųǵԽԽǿˡ
ǡħħ쵱ֵ
ˣˣԴӸħ֮ǶԵú֣ܰ޳κε⡣ҹͻȻ˵
ްЩһֻǾҶѣ֮ᵽˣǾȻͲôˡ𵭵İֵ
ˣиⲻ⣬˴˻ݣǵҪԸǣֱ׾٣ΪδҪһֱٰأѪ²ʵ
Ǻǣ˵ħˣϾƬػڷħģʱˣȻһоͻǵˡһЦ˵֮УҪúüħеһһ
ǣ
Ӧ

񣬸ǿߣ׷׻ħħ󡣶ЩڵĹǽΪģ֮䶼ڹн磬ֹǽж
ЩǶƺħЩ¶ˣһǱŲȵչȥʼ֮ʱ
ƷҲʲôǷǣڷС
ò˵ͦģһȫÿնרŵŮЩʳƷһ˴ڷоޡ
ˣ
漴㴫ȵƷ磬ҿԽ𣿡
Ʒ羪˹æӦȻԡ
ţŶ룬ȴޱ˵ȥط
˵ȥ𣿡Ʒɻ󲻽⡣
ȥ𣿡ʣȻڽ͡
ȥƷصȻɻ󣬵Ǹȥ
ʱߵħĴ֮ԵģЩǶѾڷвˡ
ЩŮǼƷԵúܾȣϾȿҲʼֻǹĴкæˡ
뿪ħħǵĴϡ
ƷԽɻȳĬƷҲóȻʣֻĬĬĸֵĽֵȥƷһƬƬɱĿ⣬ƷѾϰˣҲֵЩСƽϡ
֪ΪΣȶԵúСƵģʱʱ̶̿޼Լһ㣬һ˼ֵ
ֱá
ת˼ֵƷһȺΪϡٵĵط⴦ط۵Ŀɿһӵĸ¥᰸
᰸ʲôطƷ̲סʡ
᰸ħĽ֮ε᰸жƷģʵھһ̻ᡣ᰸ĸᰱһλǿߡȻص
ǿߣħǡƷһ㵡
Ǻǣ֪˵ʲô᰸ֻΪĿģκε֮᰸󲢲ǹħܣ˵ø᰸ӡȵЦ
ȻƷֹţλص᰸סҲ˺棬о᰸ĿΪʲôȻԼ
ȥɣʲôҪѵ᰸нȥ
Ʒ棬᰸С
᰸ܴ󣬹Ĳ㡣᰸еʱ򣬱ɼܰڷϡеƷ˵᰸ÿһڷ֮ƷǲһģԽ߲ƷԽߡ
ǵһƷ˲ǵĲֻǺεƷ֮أ
ֵǣ᰸е˲Ǻܶ࣬ΪЩƷﲻͨ˶ģƷ⿴¼۸ǰٿѪϵġ᰸лиǿԵĹ涨˸󣬱زɿֶ顣
Ƚ㡣һʵӭһλòã¹ڳӡ
ᣬþòЦĴкΪʶλйڼ֮ʱԵùž޲
Ʒ˫һȻоʵƽƽȴܲ򵥣ֻƷ粻Իȥǹʵǳ
ڰɣЦʡ
Ȼ֪Ƚտܻ¥ϵȺˡЦЦע⵽Ʒ磬ԵЩȵʣȽ㣬λǣֵأ
λƷ磬εĸţֻͬˡȻص
áƷ統к
ãܸʶ㡣ѺһЦ
ҲǡƷһЦ
Ǻǣ˵ˣȥЦ
ðɣλ롣˸ʽƷ˼ĸ¥ȥ


1286 꾳ͻ
ϸ¥ȴǽչǺϤĴһ䷿н롣
ƷޱȺ棬λظҲԽӵĺ棬ĽǷ֮С
ʧģڽֻ֮ⷿһյķѣȻܴⷿһ㣬ȴʲôûУӰûš
ҶͻȻѵ
Ʒ£㾲վš
ʱȱ㹧ĳſյķСˡ
ǺǣСȰһϵڷ֮Ʒ羪㵵ļҫһĹ⣬Ĺ֮ƾնֳһλߡ
һͷںڵͷϵ۵׳ƽϴƽ׽˰ЦݣŰɫĳ׷ͯգȾӦþôȥǰλˡ
ǣƷȻǣȻоλһɴﵽϢƺǱһɸΪµϢҲǴ
Ʒ֪λ߼䲻򵥣ѹ˵Ҫ᰸ӣλߵԭˡƷ粻ȥλߣֻƾеĸоλǸܿµ
λ߲˵Ҳ֪᰸ĸˡ
Сô᰸ĸʶأƷиеΪɻ󣬵Ҳʣֻܾվȵ
ᰲƷĴڣĿֱһƷ磬ɫƺһЩı仯
ɫеܿʧЦȴȤʮδСȻˣϼһﶼҪסջˡ
Цˡɫ΢΢һ졣
ǺǣҪĶѾ׼ˡһЦбֳһźɫĿռָһɰ͵ȵǰ˵һħݶˡ
ħݣƷ簵ΪһȻ֪ħкãҲ֪ħҲԲ˵ͿɵõģȻҲصܵˣôһҪôЩħأ
ллϲĽӹǿſռָȻбóһſռָſռָװöһЩʯǿߵĻͨĿռָֻ֮¶ѡ
ˣЩħ͸ġҡҡ֡
ôأô˼أ㶼Ѿôˣ⡭æҲǱᰵĻһ¡
ǺǣĲҪˣò˼Ļǲ˰Сæɷ񣿡ЦЦƷ硣
˵Ʒ磿ʵ
ǵģڸպһЩħҩҪ˰æСֵҲܾҰɣЦôһ˵ƷͲܻܾ
Ʒú֣᰸ôҪҸֵĻܼ򵥣ΪȴҪƫƫԼأ
Ҳú֣ҲܻؾᰣƷ˵Ʒ磬ɣٻħҡ
ǡƷ繰ֵ
Ҳڴ˾֮ݷá˵
ҪСĵ㡣һɫѵ
ллСһСĵġ֮ǰ˼Ʒ磬Ȼת뿪ˡ
Ȼ󣬿յķ֮УΨʣƷᰡ
һ˫ӣһֱƷ磬
Ʒ簵亹סڵϢѾоƺѾڿԼˣƷȶ񣬾Բ¶κһ˿
öΪ˴εգƷ繧ʵˣкҪ
ᰵĻص
Ʒһ㶣סڵϢͷӣǰȥ
һ
Ʒߵ岽ʱȻоһգһɿµ㽫Ʒݺݵ׹ȥ
Ʒ羪һܿ˫űȵһӲĵС
Ʒ羪㵲ѣչȥΧһƬڰ֮ɫֲָƷԸоӦһҡ
ǣƷ羹ȻоᰵϢаѵѾҵʵ
ѾˣƷ粻Щ뷨㳯źڰкˣʲôط
ͻȻ˹
ţڰ֮УߴһХ֮Ʒ绹ûüӦһѪɫϮ˹
Ʒɫ䣬ѪȻͨԸоѪƷѪеĻƷ֮͵ֵס
ಣಣ
һѪϮٶȼޱȡ
úݣƷ簵һ˵ѾԼʵⲻǱƷʹʵ
ƷҲ侲ЩϮѪΣоյķ׷׶ܹ
ڰдᰵ
ˣҲ֪ʲô˼ֻǸСѣαҪҸϾɱСȿѡƷԵЩŭĽе
ѣһ
ţƷ㾪ֵĿڰ֮УٴӿһѪ𣬶ЩѪ֮ǰҪǿռݵķΧܴͬһһ㣬խСи޷ЩѪ𣬿˵ƷѾȫЩѪΧסˡ
ȵϢϮѪܹƷմ֮£ƷѾ޷ȥԼʵˡ
ߣҲͲˣƷŭһڵܵͬսװػƷ硣
Ʒȼճ֮ʱǱڰеƺԵüΪľȡҲᰱǲƷģƷ֮ʱֲѪĳƷӿ˹ȥ
䣡
ӿѪֱӽƷ̾
ѪȻ£͵ĳƷϵǿ׻༷šƷѾ޷ʵȫתڵƴĵѪĳϮ
κΣѪѾƷû뵽𶼿ҪֵסƷѾеȫʹ

Ʒ̲ס˳
ƺҪ˻Ʒһ㣬ֱӿһɿֲѪƱҪƷɶ㡣ƷôʹǱܣϵ˳Ѫֿš
䣡
һ죬¡¡죬ӿѪһһıƷѾҪܲסˣƷȫʹѡ
Ȼ
һѪͻȻƷڣҪնʹɲǳܵġƷǿžʹǺ죬ȫ鶯ʹвƷҲǷŲİ
͵ģƷһȲϵļѪļ࿹֮УƷڵڷвʵı仯
ʵķԾȼ

ͻƣƷĻȻͻˣ֮֮䣡
𣡡
ƷްŭһϱһɸΪǿ͵һ𣬾ȻΧѪɢ˿ȥ


1287 ȵ
ѪɢȥƷЩѪҲա
ƷȶϥȻô
Ʒͻһȫµľ磬ȻԪ֮ڣǿƷʵǿ˽ʮ
ʱƷСڵתȫֵÿϲǣƷ絤еĽӤǿʵ˼֣ٹһЩʱգͻԪ֮⡣
ڰ֮УѾɵˣлѪ׼ҪϮƷ磬ΪͰЦЦ㽫Ѫ
֮Уʱƺ÷ɿ졣
ֱ˽һʱ䣬Ʒȹ֮һ˫ֱۣĺ۹⡣
ĺô󵨣һڰ֮Уᰱ˫֣ŲƷ˹
ǰƷ統ֵ
ǰһƷ˵֪Ҫ֣ȴǸҵв֮¶ڴ˵ѵͲһûɱ𣿡
ҾǰȻǰѪԽһ𣬵ȴɸоǰ޳ȥҵ˼ƷƽĻص
ɫһ˫Ʒ磬ƷԽӵͣԭвɷһЦݣ˵ǺǣѹСȻ㡣ǰҿɲҵҲǸħҩʦѣѪΪħҩʦħԲŻҪһսĻҿ²Ķ֡
ǰѪ㻯ҿٶͻƾ磬ƷһݡƷ˵㹧ĳʩһ
΢΢ͷһɫʵһǳף㲢ħҩʦΪλкεµħ𣬱ҵѪ˿
ҲʲôħԻղǰϻǻǰЦˡƷص
ħܹﵽȾǿߣû١Ȼܾȣ˶ֵΪλԸСȵߣСһûлɵʵϾСҲҵѣ֮ǰֻ̽㣬Св֮ĵĻҾԻֻ㣡
ǺǣǴӷ½ħСϽУҶСȲ޲֮ģĴСΪѡʵĻֻǲǳΪڳǵĿꡣƷЦ
Һ˽СȣȻС㣬ҲСȲǵؼƫԶҲûҪΣǡ˵УٽǰҸɡ
Ʒ繰˹֣̲סʵҿһ𣿡
˵᰻ص
СʶƷʣҲƷΪеģħǵĽޣͺ᰸ĸϵһ
Ǻǣǰɼħ֮ʱСȡֻǲɼħݵĵطգСҲʩⲻʶˡᰵһЦ
ᰵĻƷܸоԵɲ˼򵥣ƷҲ׷ʣʵôСΪҪħݣ
ΪʴĻص
ʴʲôʴƷ羪㵵ʵ
ʴħһּΪµħҲ֪Сдʴģʴûǿ޸֮ħѹƣ֮ʱʹܵõƣʴȫĴữΪҽʴ£ҵ޷Ѱ˶Сÿʮһᣬҹħݣħǳħ֮һħɽС᰻ص
СôʴأƷ絣ǵ˵
ǺǣóǶСȵĹĵġЦЦ
ΪСҲҵѣΣһҪ취ȥСڵʴƷͷʵȻħħݴ˵ѹʴôҲһг׳ȥʴħɽеĻգҲԸһԣ
Ȼħпʴ֮ɼĻʵԶԶ޷õġᰲ̾
˵յʵǿ֮ʱҪõƷɫᶨ˵
΢΢ͷһ֣ص˵ҪСڵʴȷе˵Ҫ֮֮ߺһ죬ؿɳȥʴħмʼΨڱħħУΪħ׾ĹϽأҪȵõħ֮ŷлᡣ
֮֮õģҼסˣƷͷûΪλħĴڶе¡
šЦЦ
ԳΪһλħ߶ΪĿĻ⶯ܴ󡣡ƷȤһЦ
Ǻǣ˵ʵڵģҺ㣬ΪѸԸ֮ˣħ֮ҲҲڶˡΪЦ
лл͡Ʒ˵ҵûȥˣлĻݷá
ҲãħǵӴǱ˻ɣЩ뿪áЦ
Ʒ͸ˡƷһ񣬱ص뿪᰸ֱħжȥ
Ʒ뿪󲻾ãͻȻᰵǰЩʼɰʵףΪλСӣСôʵѵͲ˺С𣿡
ᡣ˸ĹâЦǺǣò˵ĺرʵҶûĲʵҴħ̽ȻҲ޷Ƶ¶ʵ
Ҳһȡ
ڲֻ֮ᵮһλħǿˡᰵ
⻰Ѿ㵵Ĵסˡ

ʱƷѾ뿪᰸
ڻȥ;УƷҲ޸о׷Լֻ뿪᰸ķΧ֮Ʒо˼Լ
Ʒ粢λмԼˣǴ󷽷ķħ
ħһȻ˰
ƷĵĻصڵĹսȥ֮ʱһζ˱ǶƷ绹ûӦȱѾƷǰ
СȡƷһĿǰŷЦջľݣȴѾƷıϡ
Ǻǣúø˵˵һ죬㵽᰸ЩʲôȽЦʵԿȺࡣ
Ʒȶ񣬹ɵĻЦҲûʲôֻ᰸˵һЩѡ
ޣʲôʡ
ڵʴƷ
ôЩüʡ
ʵġƷ̧ͷֱȵɫᶨ˵Сȣģһ취ȥڵʴ
һ£գգ˽Ʒǳӣ͵˿ȥƷ絭˵ⲻ¡
ƷСȣңһ
ˣȻִƷĻת¶һݸжЦݣ֪⣬лл㣬ⲻ룬ԺͲҪ˵Щˣзִ硣
ǡ
ûʲôǣ㲻Ļͱ˵ˣ
Ʒεĵ˵ͷҲǰжܰ黳СȣǾԲġ


1288 
˺󣬾Ὺʼʣһ֮ࡣ
ƷԴ֪ʴ֮ºһصӣΪƷ˵ЩƷƺԽ׽ˡ
ڣӭ֮ա
ħУʢΪ¡أȫݵλ˶۵ħ㳡֮С
ħ㳡ħҲڶ֮أ㳡֮󣬼ɽˣǰ
ʱħ㳡֮УУ㳡Χ֮ۼʮˣᶼɼǿߣԹĦ֮սսܼܹĦսĻԸߵĻԴлᶼǼܻӭġ
㳡֮ϣ޴ϯ̨̨֮ϣѲúϯλЩϯλֻдﵽ߲֮ʸϡ
ʱϯ̨еλ֮Уһλͷڴϵţ˵Ҳħǵˣ߽׵ʵɲģôһ©η
ΣǺҹѪ¼λҹѪ¡бħƳǵħħ죬ħеħħԳħ˹λǿߡ
Щ֮ǣɲˣʲôƣЩ֮ǵҲϯÿλӣƷЩӵĻûʸϯġ
ʱ֮ǵĶʮλһһϯЩӣȻҲ鼧¹ֻǵĵ¹λǿȴǲϯ׼¶ʵˡ
鼧ڼ֮ʱȻûдʲôк˫֮ȴɢһɱ
޶ãı˫ۡ
ƷǺĴЩǵĸЩǵʵǲвλǿߵĴڣǾ͸˵Щ˳ˣҲѹжˣΪ˳ǵء
ȴƬ̣ħ㳡Ͽ֮ȻϵӰ
˾˿ɽǿߣΪ׵һλɫӣɫ£°ӵŸ߹Ϣü߱н׵ʵ
Ǻǣ֣ʮδ˴һۣѵðΪ׵λЦһ˵ȱڿ̨֮Уһһźڿ
֣ʮδʵ־˲ٰ΢΢һЦ
ּЦˣҵȼһЦ
ǺǣλɡһЦ
ţ˱һһѰλͬеϯλ˵Ҳ֪λ֮һˡ
ΪǡǡгǣгǾһλǿ֮⣬밵ǽλʵǿġ
˳ǵģǵʵ̫ҲͲˡ
˻ִʵЦλþò
ѭȥĵϵĺӰڿգΪ׵һλ׳ӣλǿߣ˶Ѿﵽн׵ʵС
һ˳ȥɫƺ˳Թ֮ǴŲٵĶԹ
Ǻǣ֣֣ȻЦ
ʹлˡӵȹڿ̨֮Уһһϯ
ˣ׳뺣ͬ˳ǣΪˣ׵˵ʵףǵҲ˶Զ˳ǵؾǽΪӽģҲѹ˳֮˶Թˡ
Ʒɫأû뵽Щ˳е˾ˡ
˼ڶǿߣԵüΪļڲѡ
Щǵ˼˳ǵѾˣɫǺܺÿЩ˳ǵǵĴСȻЩڰѾ˶˳ĵƣʵЩҲһˣΪ֮һֱûжġ
ţħ㳡ִһ϶ֲʧϵ֮ǺǣϷ٣λ¡
ѭȥϿմˣΪ׵һλۣ׷ϡߣ˫˸žâϷЦݣһǸϺꡣ
֪ΪΣλߵȳ֮ʱϯ̨ϵƺԵúһ㣬ֻһ۱Ӻϵ뿪
ȻںһҲƺ޺øУΪڳǵİǲʧڽڣЦǺǣٲ٣ɡ
ֻ΢΢˵ͷ˱һͬ뿴̨֮УѰϯλȻǺ߱ЦλкЩȴ֮ŪúΣ˸ݷŭ֮ɫ
λߣǳǵĳǣǳǡ캮Ϊ˳λǿߡ˵캮캮Ͻһùģԭ캮еϽ֮캮ǡ
ǵϯ֮ձԵúܹ졣
ţһǿабֳλӣֻЩϵаأҲǹģ˿ŶúܲλӵʵΪأƺرʵ˿͸
λҲƺôϲ˵ֻ򵥵˸
ȻܲˬҲչЦǺǣλ
λ΢΢ͷһһϯѡΪߵλ¡
λӣħǡǵλǿߣΪ׵ıħеħµ͵ҹǱȣһֱδκεĳͻұħǵҲǵشڰ֮أЩҲϲħǵ⡣
Ʒ͵͵ħˣЩϵϢǳ죬ϾԻаƷҲȫ͸۸ĻƷ󵨲²⣬ħǵȵܲ˳
ڳλ˼Ҳѹֺܹ׵ǵˣЩ֮Իе⣬˳֮ҲǶŽᣬȫΪܹŽĻħǵİѱγˡ
Ψ񣬸˳еǿ߶ѵˣֻʣˡ
ֻǣȴʱǵλȴȻӰ
ϯ̨ϵգҲԵΪĹŹ֣ƺڰѰ˼ǵ顣Ͼǵλ絽һ
ҲǰɻаǣǹûΪҪԸǵĻǵʵɾԲǵĶ֡
Ʒ絹ԵúƽǵλΪûҲֻƷԼˡ
Ѿ⵽˵˼ͻȻЦǺǣλصˣǿܳһЩ⣬ȴ˴֮һǰȥ̽顣
˷׷һľ֣ö˶˵ôǻأ˵ЩطҲ˿أǵʵҲ̫жĻؿ֪
ɣ˲ɷ׷ȥҲֻ֮Ͻĵ¹ųǲЩˣõǵˡ
Ҳüͷ壬ͬɻ󣬲ȣƺҪȿ͸һ㡣Ʒʱ̶סϵϢûܹ͸Ʒʵġ


1289 Ὺʼ
һ£Ӱ쵽Ľ̡
ͻȻͳˣһұۣе顣
Ǻǣ˵λѵһۣھôˡЦ
˳ĬʾҲûзˡ
ĳڴ˸лλܹħһۣɾ͸λ˰ɣҲλɷһ¡
ţһǿҵĵ֮
ټħ㳡֮УܵȺбһɺƴƸÿһ֮ͨУֻħս׵սʿֳ裬ƾ۵ĳ̤ħ㳡֮У򣬶򣬽к֮ҡ
ЩħŵľӢ֮Ǵﵽħ߽ʵߣߵ֮ǰÿһ֮׸ħ˧ǿߣλ
ȣ
ĺȽ֮׹ƾ裬Ӣ˲ǿսϯƬħ㳡֮УΧȺ侪סһƬžȴޱȵ𺧣ҲǸеЩɶħǵսʿ
ڳλ֮ƣɫأʮ꣬ħŵʵԽӵǿˣڴвٵħ˧߽ǿߣճΪǿ߲Ǻ޿ܡ
ƷҲǰΪľħǾŵʵȫͬεģħϲʵ߾Ӷ࣬вʵҲǲ١
ʵҲֻħһֵʵѣϾħڶʮ˳֮УǺųƥʮǵսж̬
ҲѹˣħǵϢŻ᲻ϵı׳󡣶֮չ¶ħŵʵ򵥵˵ΪλѣΪ֤ħǶʮ˳޿ɶҡİλ
ʱЩħսʿߵħ㳡֮һս֮ʼĻеڱһ㡣
ⲻֻǱݶѣЩ趯սʿĿâƺǰɱŵһ㣬ÿһ졣ǿսƣȫϢϺҵĳ֮Ψսֱ
ڳ۽ų緢սʿ˵еľĻǲܵġ
ڳķӦΪ⣬΢΢¶˵Цݡ
ʵҲֻħǵѣ˻ħƳħǵǵħǲúԶ
ֱãħ㳡еЩսʿͣ˶ͬʱϯ̨߹һȻزҵ˳ħ㳡⾪Ȼڡ
ʱ䣬ϱ˼ҵĺȲ֮
ǺǣзħſԽǿˣҵȴ۽簡ЦֻЦЩǿѡ
ǰħڽ֮׾ſɾͲֵһˡ׸˵
ħʵˣһŵЦ
ڳǵҲʩԡ
ǺǣλЦˣ˾ҲΪ˶ѣǵһŵĻħ֮ħſҵЦЦȴַˣʰеľƱ˵ҺȾλһ
˷׷ʰȻһ
Ʊ֮ЦǺǣԴӷħ֮ڳ֮ҲǺദٰᣬΪܹڳԽ
ǺֿˡħͻȻ˵ƺŷ̵ʵ
һ׷ħȥħ˵ʵһΪأΪ͵ͻȻðôһ仰Ƶ˼
ƷҲʱʱĶڴħǿߣЩϳ˹аʵ֮Դ͸žԿ͸ħ˵ʵ
˫۲ӹһ֮⣬в˼ַŭȴǿһЦݣ˵Ǻǣħֵѵλ˵ЦлĻҺ𶨵Űݷá
֮Уƺһζ
ӭú԰ݷãǿҵȵҡħĻص
գƺΪ˵̸ѹٴħˣɫ
ħֿˡ˫һӹһɭɱֳλ˴ʵѵãǲŵԴθλĽ˴һ糣ڳλԽ˴ύգһôҺúùĦԻھգѰͻƣҲʧΪ¡ϣλܹ˽Ϊ̫棬ʵΪֹ
ʵ˵׻Ϊø֮ͻìɷֹڳ֮˶ħħǵȹ̰ĵλ
Ǻǣ˵üǣҵ⾳磬ʵٵͻơλڽ֮УԵ˴ѵд˻ᣬڳλȻһǵȻһЦ
ҵд⡣ЦЦźһɫ˵֣һֱδħǶ֮ܣ˴ѵã겻࣬Դͽ̡

һ㶣⻰˵ҵĹͷˣû˸ħǵս
ƷҲַˣλ˼ƺҲҪȥĦħǵʵˣڳ˵ҲħǵİλˣȻˣϷͺÿˡ
ȳǵЩǵҲֻĦѣǲŲȻ¡
ԣдΪŭƤЦⲻЦĶ˵ǺǣȻֵѵд֮⣬ħܾ֮أ
΢΢ͷźҹ˵źҹ峤ʵ֪ںҹ峤ҹ峤ܹͽ̼
ҹ
΢ҹʵǴﵽн׵ʵҹδֹҲǳΪħǵһҹʵ֮ǿ
ҹҲ΢΢üͷû뵽꾹ȻԼΪ֡
ȻҹԲܾЦǺǣֵҲд⣬һֱҶиֵܺúýһȻֵңֵʧأ
Ǻǣ롣İ˸ʽ
ҹ΢΢ͷ
ţ˱һͬԾħ㳡֮С
֮ڣһƬûܸħǵǿսû뵽꾹ȻսɾˣһƬڡ
ֻǣںɫǺܺÿߵߣЩһﲻúóͽһ£Ϊħǵʵģ
ʱҹħ㳡֮С
ڴرѶλϣλʿɶֹʧ˺

΢΢ͷ˴˫۽š
ͬǣҹƺڷһɱ
Ȼ֮䣬ħ㳡֮Уҫһǿҵĺɫ⻪⻪֮£ħ㳡ľ̨ܻһ͸ɫĹڡ
ɱС⿴ƱĹڣħڶķԽʮѪʯΪ㣬ӵŵڷеĻҲܵӰġ


1290 а
ҹĶš
ڳ֮Уһ˫˫ȫעĽŶˣսκһϸڶ˴
˵ڳ˻Щ˽⡣ںҹ˵ȴδ֪ǺҹʵʹõħһŲ֪
ƷҲǺ棬Ϊǰʵﵽǿĳ̶ȣҹһӣɿ˵ĲѰ֮
֮УͬҲʵ֣֮ȡڸ˵ۺټ֮ʹõħ
͵һ˦֣һĴ̶֮죬ǵľ⶯֮ת֮䣬бһԲְħ
ħԲ״ͨΪ֮ɫںֵλֵΧ֮ǲ˷ļ̣˸ɭĹâ
ħ֣Ϊħڸ֮Ҳڶħħֲͬڵ֮ɱ£ɹأּĹ죬ǽħ֮˲ɱһλǿߡ
Ѿֳħ˱㲻ҹȥ
ֻǣҹƺֳκεԴ͸
ɣϷ֮ɫϢϵĻоƺҪȺҹһЩΪҹʱֳĪе˼־ɫ
һЦǺǣҹֵܿɲôöԸģҲ÷Щ򡣡
ϵգΪ̫ڰԵóЩڶжĪǱһʯѹסһ㣬ѰҹϵĻⲻɫ¶Ϣɱˡ
۽ͻȻֺҹսˣӵĻµô˵Ҳ˵ȥ
ʱħֳźҹҹ峤ͽˡ
ҹ΢΢ͷ˫˸⣬Ȼ
װŪҵҪкͣ갵һһħֿʼٵתħתü죬ֻܿһ˸źĺڰˡ
֮䣬ħֵĸתܱߵҲüټ̨ϲһɹǿķˣµ֮ѾŵĽҹΧסˡ
˵ǽȻ̨ϵˣĸлֻн˼ֻҪһлĻȫɱ֡
˾ƣҹ˾һһ㣬һȴǰĵһǿħһƺһ֮ע⵽ҹʲô
ǣƷһ㶣ȴע⵽˺ҹе춯Ȼ֪ҹŵʲôƷ²ӦǸ֮Ĳࡣ
ȣ
͵ĽкһͽΪһӰıӵ˺ҹǰﵽʵһٶѾҪӽռ˲ˡ
˻˻
̶Ӷ֮ӶħֶһâźҹϮ˹ȥȥˡ
ҹ޾֮ɫ˫һͦżմأħ־Ҫкҹ֮ʱҹһӾǹȰ˳ȥ
еħֺݺݵ˹ȥպ˸ա
ùȵ
˰ΪľƷ綼еΪԾû뵽ͬȾ֮䣬ħоȻ׿ߡ
ಣ
ҹڰ֮кֵӰһ㣬һһģ֮һᣬէ֡
㵣ҲӦÿ죬µһˣҹһľ롣
ҹ꣬͵һ˦˹ȥ
ݣݣ
һۼԿֱЩΪϸСĶٶʵǿò˼飬ڳֻܿзӹĹ۶ѡԸоǣЩϸСŵ˿еħ֡
𾪲ѣӶеħ֣ӭǼ⵲˹ȥ

һĽ֮۵Ŀеħ˸һ⻪ȴǱƵ˼
ݣ
һϮ̫죬ΪϸСȻ͸ħֵķ϶ֱؿ֮
ɫ䣬͵һתȻǿ⣬֮ȴǱĻһѪڣʹ
ǣȥЩ⣬ȴǲ޿κεʵƾʧһ㡣
ģҹ£Ķ꣬Ǳ¶һɭЦݡ
ÿ£һգ򵥵һν棬ЩˡҹΣڳܹҹֵ˿Ҳûм
ʲôħôôƷɫȻҲɫҲǱҹһָסˡ
ɫԼͷǳԶˣȴǶںҹղʹõħеΪ棬ƺżϤУֻһʱ벻
ֵܣҪСˣҳˡҹһЦֹȵ趯৵ĴȻûһӰ
亹ݰΧ֮УԸоһԼ
ɲԴУĿһ裬ס˺ҹӹΣеħ͵ķ˳ȥ
˻˻
ħֶлԵӶΧĺӰ֮СħֺӶţȴȫû׷ҹ
갵亹һ߲ٿħ֣һ߾ܡ
Ȼ
ݣݣ
⣬Ȼ֣סܴ֮Ϯ
ҹпǺݣǶ궯ɱ
ʵҲףӦЩϮҲڸٵš

꼫ǳĶЩ⣬ĴִӼΪĽǶϮĵ⣬˵ǷھöΪ
ˣĿɿڴͿҹζرǹεĹ֮ƣǾ͸˷ʤʵֵܼѾǲˡ
ݣ
һӹ֮оؿڴ˻Ĵʹû뵽ؿϾǱһ˿ڣȻ˿ڲȴѾƽԼλ
֮£ֻýħָ˻һźҹĹһʹħֵֵȫںܱľ棬ҲκηĻᣬоǱҹӴһ㡣
ϯ̨ϵλԿɫÿ֮ͬУҹʵ˿¡ħҲһԿҲԵúܾȡ
ݣݣ
һһ⣬ƺżľѹֵÿʼԽԽǱֿʼóٻˡ
ҪˡƷ簵ֻҪҹҪҪɱѡ
ݣ
Ϯֳ꣬ħֽӣһ
͵ģҹǹӰͻȻǰһЦ͵ڳһƣǿħİؿ֮С
أһ
ʹһѪֱӱ˳ȥǱء
ҹ£ϷЦݡ
ĳӣɫĺа֮ҹħ룡


1291 ħ
ҹħ룡
˵һĺҹ𾪲ѡ
ħ֮Уħϲ׷ӵħʵ֮⣬ڳޱȵħħ֮⣬ķ֮УһּΪ¹аЩаʽṹϳѰ⣬ҹʽ죬ɱΣµЩа˵ʵǿߵնаֻٶȱЩаѾΪħ֮
ЩаǳڹħڳΪħ֮ǰĽЩа඼Ѿħ磬ЩаѾʧˡвٵаȻϻһȵڹħĽЩаҲǼ
ԣ֪µаۺ֮£رƶһаа¼ıǹħеʮаҹʹõааеʮλаҹħ룬ãӰ٣Ϊ֮ɱ
ħлһ˵аۺʵʮ˵Դ˺ҹʹõĻҹħ뿴Բ
ȻƲаĻȻۣҹչֳֶڻҹħĿѾ¯ľ磬֮׿ϣн׾߿º˻ǺҹĶ֡
ƷǾȣʵڻҹħ˵ƷĹ۵˵һְķʽҹûҹħϣƷҲǷǳģħĻ²Ϊѹħܹİλ
ͬʱƷҲԺʵеԽӵĺ棬ƾǺҹʵ˾ˣǸѶԸ
껺վµźҹֵлҹ峤飬Ҳࡣ
ֵܿˡҹĻص
ţת뿪̨亹ǼһϯλĬŲٳˣҲࡣ
ҲҪʲôսҺҹʵҹħȻû˸ȥҹսԺҹҲŻصϯ̨֮С
˺û±㱩˼ҵĺȲ֮
죬ΪŭϾˣܼѾǲˡղźҹҪɱ꣬Ǿ׾ٵ顣
Ϊ⣬ʵںҹ꽻֮ǰѰѹҹֻҪݺݽѵһɣԲԵ
ϯ̨еΪ죬λ˴ţǺݺݵĵ˼׵ˣƺڲμ֮ǰйЭһ㡣
һۣЦǺǵ˵λ֪˭Ը̨Ͻ
˳Ĭѡ
ôλƺǺܺãɲǸλ硣üͷ΢壬ϷŵЦݣߵΪҲ֪ǵﶼʲôȻôҪ֪ħǵʵǾͺúǿף
֮ڣѾʼз
ƷҲ͵͵Ѱһۣҹչ¶ʵѾһ壬ЩǱԥ
Ǻǣѵд˻ᣬҾͲܰһˡЦվӣѭһۣȻĿħƳħƵϣ΢΢һЦħħƳұһֱħֵͳᣬħִͽһ
һ㶣Ҳɫһһνڳħʵ̽Ļôһ̽˼Խˡ
ɫԵúѿ˵Ҳ֪Щǵ˼Ҫ̽ԼӵеˣħƳǱǹħǵǿ֮һ
ԼЩεĿҲȽԣһҪ˽ħǵʵҪ̽ħ˫ǵʵ
ϾħڰλѾãĿҲ֪ЩҲǲħǵˡ
ЩǵȻֻڿϷˣЩħǵ˳ͻ˵ֻ޺
ħɫƽ׵ս֮ҲƺԵú⣬΢΢һۺȻعͷ˵֣˵ͽ̵ĻɾЦˣ˭֪׽ҵܹʩ֡
Ǻǣħֵĺ߽׽ʲôˡЦ
׽ƷѰ˼ţ׽žǾи׵ɣڷ½ؿռʱƷײŵͻƣ׽Ӧò
ʱֵֹЦǺǣλˣǾͲڳλʧˡ˶٣ֳ˵ȻֻһҲҪСģö
ԣĻгв뾯֮⡣
˳˼˼Ҷס
΢һ£ЦǺǣִ֪磬Ҳᾡܣܲλʧ˰ɡ
˵꣬ױ˫һţɿ̨֮С
ݣ
׳һ飬һ׽Ȼ֣һȵϢӿɢ˿ȥʹзıӻ˻ɫĸоǹɿµĸ¡
Ȼ֮𡣡Ʒ簵֮ƷϤˣֻ׽ɢɱƷ֮ǿˡ
ħưһЦλһӰ
һ̣ħƱ̨֮ϣ׶š
ÿ
ľħƵҹ𲢲̫Զһľ磬ѰͻƵĻһϼԾʵֱӵʽħƴн֮ǧ꣬Ȼ˵׵֮ڱħȴҪࡣ
ݣ
һ֮죬ħкֳһѲźߵİɫ˽һ¶һϬĽ
ɫһȻ׽ں߽һĿҲǲСħƵʵ
ù֡ƷаΪ⣬ħֳ߽ʱƷоħƺûн֮ں߽УħϢҲƺ޹ƺһǿ
ò˵ȷʵˣЩһһһ죬֮ǰľ棬Ҫϴˡ
Ҳǽħƣ˵׵ʤȽϴ󣬱Ͼе׽ǿħҲЩͷġ
ʱħƺź߽Ŀķк߽Ľ죬оҪӽгһ㣬衣
Կħеĺ߽ԣе׽Щԣ߼˴ˣ׽ȴҪǿһѡϵĻǾ˼ǵġ
ƺԵúŵӣ׽˵ħֵܣͽˡ
ħ΢΢ͷɲҹǰĿһֱӻź߽׵ֱ˹
һ㶣û뵽ħƾȻ˵
ߣװһ޾ɫе׽һӿ۶һǿµ֮𣬳һħƳͬй켣ӭ˹ȥ
ಣಣ
˵Ӱ죬ֻâ˴˼˹ȥħеĽһ
أ
һ죬̨͵һΪıɢһȵ׻𣬿ֲĳ֮ӿɢܣҲǲ
ħ׽һ󣬸Ա˿
ױħȴǱʮಽӳνϿ׿ȷʵռϷ硣
ˣĿɿڴӸղһ˲䣬ʲôûп壬㿴˱˻ȥΪԾǣħƿ·硣


1292 ɱ
ν棬ռϷ硣
ڵⰵЦǿһЩˡ
ɫԵ÷ǳƽһжڵĸо
ԡƷ簵ţħƵʵӦñǿҿɲֹǿһǰ㣬Ϊħȴֹ·أ
˼⣬Ʒ˫۽̨Ŀħƣƺɱ⡣
ɣƷ;һ£úݣħҪɱף
ûħƹһʼ·磬Ϊþ׵ʱﻢ£ħӦûһ֣һֿܻױ
ҹһսѾǶڳľˣһٴħǵҪ𵽾ԵױȻ֮
׻֪ԼѾµȦףΪԼе׽ȫĿסħƵĺ߽µ˷ڣһʱ˷ܣս
ħ֣ҪСˡһе׽ħƵһնȥһХ֮ȵ׻γһĽâ֮ƣݺݵıħơ
ħ˿Ծɫеĺ߽ڹʢţ֮עں߽УϮĻâն˹ȥ
أ
һ죬ħһֱӽǻâƿɢһƬ𻨣â麬ĳ֮Ѱ޴ĳֱƵħֺ֮ࡣ
ಣ
ɱڵ˹׽еѾӵ˼£ȵĸӿ׽׽һȫĺħƣ˵ҲǶħɱ
ȻܹûɱħƣħǵȻǺã׾ԲŹѵõĻᡣ
ħüͷ΢壬ƣȴҲ¶⣬̧߽ӭ׾ޱȵһе˹ȥ
䣡
˫һ󣬻ⱬ䣬Ϊ˲𵴳Ӵˣ̨ϵķ׽ȷΪ£ֲĸܱ߹ۿȺƵþˡ
ħĽֵһȫƴڵĹע׽Уϵǿ׽
ħƱ׵׽ѹţŵĺ߽ʼħƵĺ߽֧Ų˶ˡ
ڼ֮ƣдΪϲ
Ʒ˫۽ʵһʼʱûסħ˵ȥƷɫķ֣ħҲƺһЩ⣬ܹаˣʵ򵥡
֮ڣȻסĿһĻЩ˵۹⿴ħƵĴǳΣգħƲսĻܾͻ׸ɱһ㡣
ǣȴǲ֪ȻħƿǱ׵ĸѹţħƵɫȴƽķǳ죬˵ʱڱƵȾ֮ʱӦûԵúܾš
ǣħƲûС
ռϷ磬ԵΪԷܣһͲħκηĻᣬ׽͵ӿһǿףǵذѹħơ
䣡
޴ıը֮Ѥ׻ıɢ˿ǿ֮УħƾǿѪź˼
һĻһƬ
ǵȴЦˣǺȻԵ˫˸Ź⡣
һЦȻħûҪ˼ԭͶħɱĵ׺λλᡣ
һ£׵ͻȻһӰźûֹ˱缫ħƵٶ׽ǿ֮ݺݵĳħնȥ
һĻ˼Ѿס˺ħƿѾشôȥֵ׵һأ
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ݣ
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ţɢȥ׻֮УһĺӰֱ
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𾪵ǣħŵĺ߽֮һѹϺɫϲźɫԵ
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֮ǰҹĻҹħħƸΪµ׺轣ħǵ֮
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ױͶϮĽâӦӲϾ͸˵ȥסޱȵľնˡ
䣡
һ죬̨͵һ𣬼Ӳʯ̨˺ѿһۣػе׽УֲĹֱ֮ӽе׽˳ȥ
ͣ
׿ٶѪ磬ϡ
ݣ
һĳϮħеĺ߽һ߰˹׵ؿֱӹᴩ

ײҽһѾһͬҧһ㣬ڵ壬ʵΪ
أ
زסĴܵĽӱ㱬ը˿һƬƬѪ꽦ɢĴ׾ȻɱˣһǱ̵ɱ
ħָͬɱħһ㣬İš
̼䣬ȫһƬ𾪣һƬ־塣


1293 ź
ˣ˵汻ħƸɱˡ
ߣ׺裬ħȫ
ȫžһƬ̨ϲıѪľн׾ߣһ֮ôˡ
Ʒɫ뵽ħûô򵥡ֻ׵ùˣװ׵ľôˡ
ɫЩ΢΢ڲ֮ǰҹչ¶ʵǴ𺧵ĻôħǴıǿ־塣
һĵ⣬ʵЦǺǣԣЩ⣬ֵܲһ£ĳбǸ
˳ĬħƵʵѾǸеļɻ䡣
ʱħ˺߽׺轣תϯ̨ϵλ˵λǸˣ˴ֻҵ֮ʧղҲˣұԳֵܽգȴ֪㱻վԶڴ˾֮£ҲȲѡ
ħƿɵգ֮ǰԼ·磬һǿʧȥģôɱܹɱ֮иԷڵɡһʯ֮ƿɵҲħ֮ʱħѾͶɱġ
ֿħƵʵ
ճĬ˻ħֵ֪λԸͽ̣
ͽ̣˭Ӧս
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ϷֵܣֻǸᣬعڼƽϡ
ƽϣҴѾǼһˣ˵ܲƽ𣿡Ϸ巢ų̆еħһ壬ղҴ綼ѾˣһﻹҴ˸Ͼɱ
Ϸֵܣ⻰ɾͲˣڳλۿɼղſҪħ¶֣ħһ֣Ȼħɾˡ
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ЩϷɫһݺݵ߬ȭͷֻܱŭ뺣һͬصϯλУֻϳŭ
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ħȫҲû˻ȥħƽˡ
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ףһһħǵѾڳ壬ãҲЩҲԸһˡ
˶٣ЦǺǣ˽ᣬȻһЩ˲ĵ飬ϣλҪϣ˴ᣬٴϣڳܹ֮ദ֣ǲſŽһ¡
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ƷħˣЩ˿ģƺ˳Ҳƺͬһ˼ħȴǸҹȻƺ𡣿뵽ħӵһʵûǿħǱҲӦйǿڲٿأȻħô⵨Ȼаأ
֮ǰħķ֮ԣѼģҲԴرľ׵ħƲɱû뵽ûжħЧ⵽ħ̼Եķ̡
飡
һصĽǰϯĳ˷ĩݺݵħ˵ħ⻰ʲô˼ѵ˵ò𣿡
ˣֻǾúֵĻ˵úеѡħĻص
ô۽ħ˵ԸĻħǵȳħͦӽġ
ħ壿Ʒ簵Ѱ˼ţħһħ壬ͬħԸʽĴڣɱСħκε壬ʵԲڸħأÿһǿ嶼ħǿߵĴڡ
˵ƷħȷʵЩ졣
ں֮ԣħҲԵúƽЦǺǣˣħǿɶЧڷħˡ
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ﶼ־Ͳضˡħ΢΢һЦֻЦ÷ǳĥ塣
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һԣҪ˻ѵħˡ
ãҲд⡣ħһЦ
Ѫ峤ħ򵥱ȻһѪ˵
ħͽ̡Ѫ
ǺǣѪ峤Ȼ̣ҸҪѪ峤˿ɲҡħЦ
ߣħʲô˼ʵ
ҲǷ׷ײ⣬Ѳħˣ
Ҳûʲô˼ֻҪҺֵдҶѣ뺮ֵܻҸʺϡħҡͷЦЦ
ţħһλɫòĺվ˳Ѫ˵費࣬ͽ̡
裡
һ㶣üͷ塣
裬Ҳħеһλǿߣʵδ֪
ѪŭɫħȻܾԼսԾǿԼ
ǼѪԭѹôΪ˷ܣΪǳһڶĸо˶ħ뺮ǵʵҲԽӵĸе档
չ죬ħЦǺǣѪ峤ƺԸ⣬ֵûˡ
ߣ˭˵ҲԸ⣡Ѫһ̨֮УֱֳһѪɫ˭Ҷˣ
ѪµħѪ絶Ȼʲôаħڶģﵽ˸߽ħƷҲΪЩ


1294 ɷ
ܵħķѪѾŭˡ
ɫԵüѿԴǻܵ
Ȼħƣǰû뵽ġȻ˸սôĽͻԽԽȤˡ
Ʒ簵Ϊľڳ֮У˺֮⣬ħ˵ʵѴĦƷںʵҲǸеΪĺ档
ȫһƬȻ׷šǰ׵ĲҰԳЩҲرĿú衣Һа˵ĸо
ʱѪºѪ絶ưŭϯ̨ϵĺ衣
ֵܣɲܵѪ峤ȥúѪ峤ֽ̡ħ˵ȴǼкһζ
᲻ףŭɫ
΢΢ͷ̨֮С
Ѫ뺮ĶţѪ³ŭ𣬶ù죬һɭаμɢ̨оĪĴ磬¶ȶƺȻ½ࡣ
Ϊľųϵĺ裬ͻȻֲԤУ⺮貢еô򵥡
Ҳɫ֮ǰҹħѾչ¶ǿʵѪѾõǿߣֳָ߽ħѪ絶ޱȣǶ߽ǿߣѪҲôܡ
ǣµĺѪµʱȴǷǱȵ侲ѪԵЩŭӣֶԾĻѪ¿Ѿһ
ħȴĹ̨ϵһС
ϵѹãѪпƲס˵ֵܣˣ
˵գѪ±Ѫ絶ֱ
ಣ
Ѫµٶȼ죬ںҹħƣһգ۵ĹѪ±Ѿӵ˺ǰֱӻѪ絶ſ񾢵ǿҵĺâźŭն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ǿѪ絶صն£ԭЩѵ̨ܲסѪ絶ȻɽһƬʯ
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ҲԵúܾȣɫأħǿбˣѪҪԸҲǺҹħǰˡ
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ȻѪҲǾһ£ɫȻ֮ǰС֮ģѾԺ˾֮⣬ǲĻܻܿɥںС
ʱźۣϺ޸֮ɫѪµ˵Ѫ絶Ȼǿ󣬻Ѫ峤ܹ顣
˵˵ںеζͱЩͬˡ
ߣɲ˵ϣֳܹһЩ汾ѪһѪ¸һƺҲֻǶԺ̽ѡ
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мߵɷڤ֮ħҺ֪ɷǴӺζѲɡ
֣ڤħΪУаûڤħ֣֮Ȼɷħĵ̣ȻħʤƷѲ㻹б˼ħƽĻص֮УûúԷĻᡣ
Ǻǣ˼ûУħˣҲʶѡһЦȴŭ죬޲õɱħ
ޣҲǿЦѡħ΢΢ͷص
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ʱѪڼֳɷ֮󣬶ɷҲǶЩ˽⣬Ȼ֪֮ڿǹϵħǵӣѪ¾Բκεη
߷һĨԴЦݣɷ˵Ѫ峤ɷɲÿƣʱǲС㣬Ѫ峤¡
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һеɷһɿµɷӿϮзаĹ⻪ӭʮǺâɨ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ӭĺâԱеɷ
ݡһ
Ѫɱ˲Ƶ˺ǰŭһħѪն
أ
״ѪɫâͽȻ֣к׾ޱȵѪ絶Ѫ˿ûбκһֵʵȫն˺衣
Ŀһ裬ɷʢҲƺɷ˫˸Ѫͫ⣬ϸСɷȻӵżµİԾӭѪµһ

˲䱩һƬ⻪ֲľ޾ӿ˿ȥ׷׹ѣ̨ϵķҲƵò
̨ܱߵȺҲоǿµɷɼ׷̨ԽԽԶǷܲסݻ˵Ļǿǻ˵ġ
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һǿҵ֮죬Ѫ¾һ£˳ȥ
ԭϰĺɷ
һսѪ¿ûбʵȷʵǱˡ
ãܺã𰵰սȭͷǰԶŵЦݰħҪŤˡ
ˣѪ³ν㱻ˣȻһƬȫž
Ѫ¿ҪùˡƷ簵ʵʵҪǿϼֻ֣ǺڵȴһᣬħɱǰĻᡣ
żַ̰Ŀǵ˵Ѫ峤ǲ˼ղųһЩ
쵰Ѫ½һࡣ
ಣ
Ѫɫ⣬ЯǿƷ磬ͬһĿϮȥֱƵ˺ǰѪ絶ȫ֮ĹעѪ絶С
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䣡
һ˵ľ죬ڵ֮УȻ䵴һƬĹơѪºȻֵĸоĿֲɷ֮ϮѪµڡ

Ѫʹһݺݵĵ˳ȥ˺üЩվȣ俨һѪ˳ŭĽź衣


1295 
ڴΪɫɫࡣǰΪħǵһֱԵúܵ͵û뵽Щز¶ĸ֡
Ȼħ޳֣ħʵԲȺ
ʵҲо˼ѹħǵؼƫԶںҪǰȥħǳȥħǵĻǵĺʵвԼ
ƷҲѰ˼ţħʵչ¶ʵ̫ǿΪأԺȺǸѶԸ
˿̣ȫһƬž
Ѫ¾ֲѣħǵӣѪ²ںԵ̫ų˳ĻѪҲûȥ
ɴ˿ħƺһ㣬ǽ˻ᣬɱѪ£ɴħǵʵ
Ѫкβ㣬Ѫ¸û·սѪ絶ڵħӿѪ絶УһǿϢѪµڱ˳
һΣѪ׼Ҫƴˡ
Ŀƽ磬̧еɷһӴɷ̨֮У̨֮⣬ĸо˲ɷ
ɷɲͬɱɷĳ̶Զɱ֮ǿɷżǿĴ̼ԣɷԽأʵͻԽǿ
ȫˣס˺ĿתĶ̨ϵһж
Ѫɫһᵶһ𣬶ٶһħѪ¿â
䣡
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ţѪ»Ѫ絶ں
Ѫ¿âѪΪħԻ֣ɱ
ɫзŲмۼǻ֮Ϯʮâһħɷ
ɷͨ׵ĻǱɷǿһ
䣡
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ֲ̫ˣ
ɷˣȻֱƻѪµħ
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޾ɫɷĴ̼֮£׺ޱȣֱɭа⣬ɱͻͿƼϸɷȴǼΪˡ
أ
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Ȼ֮䣬ǿľĿĹ⻪ʻ״˵ӿɢ˿ȥɵʯ˷У졣

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ѪѾ˾ȫ֮ȻԵúɰӣһֳɷһصɷѪ¡
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Ѫȫǿ֮УѾѪǺ죬Ͼɷĳʵ̫ǿˣ뺮轩ֶŵĻȻѪҪԿ
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һǿҵ죬̨Ѫɫһɾ޴ĳӿƶѪ絶͵ֵסĺϮ

ѪʹһںõѪҺ罦˳ɿյ˳ȥ
ӹһɭɱʹ˷ŹѪ£Ѫ±ɵһ̣ӰӵѪµǰ
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ͣ
Ѫ¿ٶȿѪ֮µĻѪ±ſսħɱǰ㣬Ѫھ˵ʱ䶼ûС
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һ죬еɷݺݵնѪ¡
Ѫ¼˺Ѱʹ࣬ȫƾֻΪܹסԼܹһУ㽫еϣѪ絶ϡ

Ľ֮ʱ𣬹⻪䣬޴ĳڽѪǰѪ絶˿ֲɷǿݺݵѪ¡

Ѫ²ҽһԶѣʶʱһƬ㱣оǿҪ״̬һ㣬еѪ絶Ҳȴ룬Ѫȫʧȥĵ˳ȥ
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Ѫʹ޲ʣѾʧȥеķֻ֮׸ˡ
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ɫ䣬µͷ֪һҲûκεԥеɷӭǹɺڰն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ħ㳡͵ҡһ󣬿ֲӿʯеɷҲѾնǹɺڰ
û뵽ǣɺڰ̺ʵǿ˼軹δȥӭһɼԵ
ǲʣҲԸԶԸ𣬱㽫ɷǰ
أ
һ죬еɷһƽһ˳ޱȵ֮У˱ݺݵƷ˳ȥ
֮輫ΪǱվڵأŭź
ŭɫĶź衣
һôһһûнκε㽫һȥ˻ȥ
ŵǣٶȼֱԿֲݣ˾֮£ôƾռѪµǰס˺һ


1296 ѻ꽣
ǿÿ죡Ʒ֣Ʒʵǿħ֮Ʒ綼ԶԶǺĶ֡
Ҳһĳţһμ֣û뵽˱̬һúܴ˭ȥɺʵ
֮ǰѱ߽ǿߣ֮󣬺Ѿ޽ӽħ֮УҲʢġ
ħҲԵüΪԾɫء
ڳĬںչ¶ʵǰҪʮλǿֶܲǺĶ֡
֮ڣĿ࣬ɫȴǳ˳뾴ء
Ϊŭź˵ʲô˼ѵ㲻֪ѾȫΥ˹𣿡
򣿡һݺݵ˵αضѪ峤˸Ͼɱ֮䲢κεĳԹ
ǺǣսЩ֣ⲻǺ˵𣿶ڽȥв٣ֺֹǸղŵǿ˺ҹ峤Ҫô˵ĻڳλҲŷ㡣赭Ļص
ڳҲǷ׷źͶԱ֮ɫ
ŭѣߵŷҵʵŷ
ǺǣƺҲ̫ǿ˰ɡһЦ֮Ҳв˿ʼСţҲҲϡ
Ĭħħʵ˿£ȻǶԸһҲԲҪ̤£Ϸˡ
ǻŭ𣬺ʱܹ˵ȴ裬ߣ˭볡հɡôҾͺúһ
̣
ɫһ𲻾ҪȥԺҪﵽħ֮Ϊ⺮ôǺĶ֡
һ£ܿƽЦǺǣ˶֪ںʵҺ֪УҲȨܾɣ
ɫ鶯ݺݵ˵ѵħǵȳǶһЩųں֮𣿡
ǵģںȷʵֻһЩں֮ڡħͻȻ˵ձԽӵĽ١
Ҿ͸Щں֮һᣬ˿һ֣ͬⶼӦսĻôֻ˵ǶЩеѹ̫ŭ𣬺ȷʵҪú÷йˡ
һħǵʵɶرħʵأû뵽ֱӿħλս
ħҲǸеǳ⣬ԿĻħǲ޾ɫ
˶٣ħЦǺǣҵܹõͽ̵ĻǶ˵档ȻǺ˿ǣôܹ˺˼ء
˵գħԾ̨֮С
ţǵǵĹҲǷ׷׷̨뺮貢ͬվһ𣬷׷׽ź
˾㵲ѣû뵽̬Ȼ䵽Ⱦ档ʵǿӹɵģħλʵҲǲף˫֮䣬˶һʵ̫ˡ
ںħ֮սҲԵޱȵĿԷܣ˴һսΪ˼һ̡
Ʒ簵ϲʱôħʵʱ򡣱ϾƷ˵ħǵħǵпܻƷĵˡ
ʱشԲѵѪ£˴ȥѪµʵûиʮϰʱ䣬Իָʵˡ
˵Ѫ¼ѾˣŻԵ˵ķŭһзԼߵˡ
ħЦŭĺ𣬵˵ʵǿɶ˴νǸѣԻ顣
˵棬ǻʵϼ°ɡɫ˵һһ仰֮УЩⷢɲܿơ
ħ΢΢ͷ
ݣ
ֱֳһɫļܣϵһЩ׶֮ͼһɱϢϮȫ
˪ܣ
ɫħϿɶǲ
˪ܣȻֻһԵļܣҲаеʮλĿа֮һΪ˵˪Ǹаأ
Ϊ˪и˵ԷڶһҶֵʵԽǿԽǿյа˫ʵԶĻͻȻܵһķǷǳġ
˪ܣѹơ
ţҲֳԼ
ţһɿµϢϮббһɫħǹħǹǹƺͨϿȽرĵطħǹĺβпֵͷ
ǣɱСħǹΪħǹɢϢͼΪˣǷƷ
˫һߵħǹ
ħǹ
˵һȻһаλаеڶʮλ
ħǹǹħ֮һӵĹٶȣһЯֻЧԻ֣ɱѸݣаеľɱ֮һ
裬磬ֽǿµаҹĻҹħ뻹Ҫǿ֡
˵ħӵеҲӦҲǼаˡ
ɣ˷׷׺ħȥ
ħһЦ͵תӣ˲һɫ硣һɫɾѰ֮ħɫʱϱʱһɹϢҰһɳؿµа
ƺ뵽ʲôһʱ˵ֻǽüͷħϵĺɫ֮ʱħԵøɲˡ
ħãȻɫһӦΪľаа磡ⶫô
ʲôа磡
˵ķӦҲһƬ㵡
а磬ɲֻǼ򵥵һ硣
˵ааļаѾӽħаڵλѹֺǻˡ
а磬ȻʲôԻǷԵаȴ˲ʮҿڵϢֿǿʵɱΣܹаˣǳµجΡ
ñƷ˫һаǸȤˡ
ɫأħȸʵ̫ѹˣԺħǵǲˡħɱ֣ô֪
ɫأħϵЩаԲ׼ͿӵеġôеĲ²⣬ħԽԽˡ
ͽˡħ΢΢һЦ
ɫһһֳһѹĳ˼˹ֽɵˡ
ΪѳϾȻѺۣѳʱҪĸоѳֱһõеƽ
ֳƽ˼ǲǶħأ
ǣħǿƽʱȴ𾪲ѣͬѻ꽣


1297 ʵ
ѻ꽣аеλħżĹʵĻһɻֵħ꣬ѻ꽣һǳµа
ֻǣ˵ѻ꽣ʧ֮ãһֱ䲻ٳ֣û뵽ѻ꽣Ȼں
ʵͺǿڼѻ꽣ĻǾ͸ӿ¡Ȼѡ¶ԼʵҪȥħˡ
ħɫأвᱻеѻ꽣ɱҲǱħŭġ
ˣĬɫ
⽣Ʒ簵ΪľԸоеѻ꽣ɢһаϢƷ֮ԶԸôħôԸأ
ֳѻ꽣ɭϣħ˵飬λҪСˡ
ǺǣǾлֵˡħĻһЦ
ţħǱ˴΢΢ͷ
ৣৣ
衢磬ܣټħγ˶ԺĽǰΧ֮ơ
Ȼħа֮⣬ҲֳһѺɫȻⳤʲôаҲǴﵽнƷħ
һܹ֣˵Ŀⶼȫ۵˺ϣǺƷʵ
ѾãħͬʱһӰһɹǿϢݺݵı˺ٶȼޱȣԲ׽
ɷ
һлӽеɷ͵ӿһɿֲɷ˰ӿ˺
޾ɫ΢΢һס裬ӭ׺ݵɷеѻ꽣ֱһն
䣡
ֱһ˺轣ƶǿɷȵӰԳ׿ٶȣ˲ӵ˺ǰ
ħǼɱ裬㼱ٵ׷˹ȥ
ݺݵıɷӭźһն˹ȥ

һǿҵĹƵصһݺݵںɷС
辪һ£ħ͵һһаڻ֮У˻һ£ͬʱǾ޴˼
ɫϷǿҵɱһٴαƵ˺ǰŹλᣬѻ꽣նڻеĺ衣
ۼһҪк֮ʱ
ݣ
һĽȴǱƽ˺ĺּ֮֮죬ȺĶҪӿ졣
ûħ
ħƾа뽣õ˴ȵǿȻھں𣬵뽣֮ϣħܻʤϺһ
Ȼɱ˺裬ħһǲܻܿᶪ
͵ģٵһתеĳ˳ƺỮ˹ȥ
ħ죬ҲûҪֱӲ˼ۼźתһħӰ˿ȥ˺ǰ
Ȼ˹һ°ӡ
һ˸գͷħ뺮裬ɱʢ׼ɱȥ
ʱûӺ˹ӶеĹħǹħǹݺݵĶźıȥһâ˺
˫һţ͵ԾĶܹ˹ĹԾӸ֮ƣֽѻ꽣ס磬ݺݵ˺ն
ݣ
ĽƣһĺââмкһɿµϢμ˹ħС
类壬˫۴ͣ⵽һɿѹƣͻȻ˾Ǵһźһ
˪ܣ
һͳ֮ͻȻ˹ǵ˹ǰ͵ĳ˪ܣ˸ǿҵĺڹ⡣
䣡
һ죬źâѻ꽣صĻ˪УһƬĹ⻪˪ܻܷڶһԵסѻ꽣е깥
أһ
ɫĳ˪˼𾪣һǰ絲ס˺һ㳯ڴеĹʵֵܣ
ŷŷӦȴѾ亹ɫصź𣬸ղΪԼס˺һ¾͵ɥˡ
Ȼܵ˪һķҲ˿ûܵκεӰ죬˳ǷһȻء
ǿ
˺ȻɫŶ̶Ƭ֮Ľ棬ħںҲǳƿΨħԽϺһЩ
Ͼľǿħһѻ꽣ӵ˿£ĻǱɡͬȾߣӵѻ꽣ĺԶԸ
ƷһɫʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣħ˿ɶȻǺĶ֣ħ˿϶ҪԿˡ
ħɫԵ÷ǳأĶԺǴҪӲѻ꽣ĺܣǸڻұɣһ취Ը
˳ͷĿĶź
мһЦǺǣҲ˶ѡ
ŸոտʼأֿҪˡħһͻȻһǻûһȵĲӰӰĴɴܣ˲ƽ˺ǰ
ϣ
һų˹ȥ
۽Ӧħι켣
ò˵ħٶʵǿò˼飬Щ硣
ৣৣ
һĲӰص˺
ݣ
ͻȻһ⾪֣ħƾնְ㣬һֽųźâĳĶźؿ֮˹ȥ
Ŀһ裬Ӧ죬˲סħĹ켣еѻ꽣һݺݵıỮ˳ȥ
ħʵǽƻĺܣһϮ֮ʱħƺþȫƣԵһϮʱħֺȻ仯һӰʧ
ɫ¡
ħɷ
ħ̣
ȣͻȻ˹źո˿յһǿֲ֮ɷ̣ݺݵĻ˺
һû뵽ħǾȻôһ֡ۼǿƶ˿޾ɫһҲ̫СҺˣ
ݣ
еѻ꽣תƣٵĻӻ𣬻Ӷ֮УֱϮһ޳ĽââޱȣҪ˺ƿ˿ռ䡣
أ
һ죬âǾ˵ƿ˺Ĺƣѻ꽣һаźĺն˹ȥ
ɫһ䣬û뵽ʵ֮ǿ
ҲԴУеӭ˹ȥ
䣡
ѻ꽣һȥ⻪ʢ֮У̼䵴ӿһǿƲ
׺ݵݺݵı㽫Ǹ˳ȥ
ħ˪ѹ
һͳںͷϿմشֳֻ˪ܣвһİɫѩ˪̺һޱȵͬưĺݺݵĶźͷ֮ȥ
˪ܣɲֻǷ͵аһǿĹ


1298 鼧
䣡
ѹ˵ı˪ֳ֮һơ
ɫ¶˼־ȡ
͵ģǳһƣǳѹµ˪гȥ
䣡
ޱȵ˪ܾǱһֳסˣ޾ĹⲨ˪˿˵ľ̨ܳϵķ󼸺Ҫ˿
һֽȫѹµ˪ܣǿⲻ֪˪ȴͻȻһɼΪԵľ־ںԵж

ɫһ䣬ڸ׼ֱһǿڣɱں⵽Եķɡ
͵һ£ڸеһʹϢʱңҲ΢΢ҡһ¡

һ֮ӵע˪Уݺݵֺ˺
أһ
µһѣ˫˼֡ŭѣȻ˸ôˡ
Ҳģһӱ㽫ڵϢȶűң֪ô
͵ģϾȻһǿ׼
ͻȻ
ݣ
һƿհĳ֮ħݵֳΣų֮ƺƺһ㣬׼ޱȵĳźؿڴ˹ȥ
һҲһȻ˻ħħʵǿģħٶȣ֮£Զˡ
ħ˫һ裬˸ɭɱ
룡һ֧˪ܵ͵һ׾Ե˪ܷ
䣡
һ죬ʯɽ̨϶ټӿһ޴Ĺơ
ɫ䣬δӦǿԵ˪Ϯ

ʹһȰȹѵдһѪ˴ܣݺݵı˳ȥ
ħɫһͦ𳤽˹ȥ
ȻһĳǾݵĸ˹ȥ
ݡһ
һѪɽȻħԵһ֮ȴǱħеĳ˺ƿһ̵Ŀӡ
ŭѣһתһħնȥ־֮£ħʹٿ죬ҲԶ㿪
֮£ħݺһҧٶȻеĳڵע˳֮Уӭź׾ޱȵһն˹ȥ

Ľ֮죬һƬ۵Ĺ⻪ħֳȫһΪӿһɿֲˣƬʯűƷɶ
أ
һǿҵľ죬ѻ꽣е̫ǿʢְſµħѾȥסڵħ꣬Ӳѻ꽣깥
ͣ
ħѪ⵽˫شˣŵ˳ȥ
ǣҲ޳ƻɱħħĶ֮У佣ͻȻһɿµúеȻεĺܺãǸоˡ
͵һ£Ҳ˳ȥ㵵ħ
ħܵ깥ƺǺأܿعȵص棬ͬ㵵۶š
ȫˣĿࡣ
ȻħǶˣҲˣǱħһϻһ̵Ѫڣܵĵһ˺
ħ˵ʵ˴˼ȷΪ£˵ĸоħбȼϣԾǳźġ
ǾȻܹңŭɫıϵ˿ڣڲϵĵѪǺܵ裬ô˵澹Ȼ˸ˡ
ħҲͬܣڵѾûȥԸˣ˱Ŀһš
ǺǣּЦˣ飬ѱѾ̵˺ֵȻ˴νΪǳϼˣлִͽˡħһЦ
ߣǾô뿪ǸղŵıֿǴΪͬѵǾͲڳλЦ𣿡һ
ǱЦҲˣϾֽճ׿ܹҲҲ飬лᣬֽ̡ħɫƽĻص
Ǻǣħֵ˵ûıԭԽΪҲǴĹ򣬲̫ҪභȻѾʰ·ˣûٱҪභˡŵһЦ
ղѣô˵棬ٶħǸϾɱĻŷˣһλĹߣҺ𻹲ħеǰܲ򵥣ҪħǱƵ·ĻҲһֵˣ˻ôǿڻǸղڽеĻܹûɱħǣͻ᲻һˡ
ϧǺ͹ħǵʵþȻһûܳȥ
ħһЦк֮󣬱Ļصϯ̨֮С
࣬Ѿʧ˳ȥħǵĻᣬҲŻصϯ̨֮Уλ֮УĮĳλ˵λûҪȥ˼ô˴δôˣʮһۡ
˳Ĭڻ˭ħǵսЩ˳ǵĻ֮ĽҲǺܴ
ƷˣҲһܹҲǹˡ
ŭһεҲûȤټȥֵûеĻô
һ¡һİͻȻ˺Ļ
ѭȥҹǵ鼧ϴĵЦݣȴǲӹһɱ
ƷȲһ鼧ӣ׼ûкˡ
Ǽ鼧˲ΪһŮӶѣȻƻ֮Ͼֻλ׾߶ѣܾܲ鼧ħǵսɣ
鼧㻹ʲô𣿡𵭵Ļصʱ鼧ͻȻðúеΪᷳ
ǺǣʮѵþٰһΣҲλᣬҪڳһλͽһҲͲˡ鼧һЦȴǲȵһۡ
һ£Եúߡ
ƷŭѣòԽˣ鼧ôôأ¹ȥ¹һӣ֮ǰѾƺˡ
Ȼرע֮ҲǸеֺ档ϾЩǿɶûгͻ
ͷϣǵЩȤƽʵޣ鼧Ҫ˭ͽأ
鼧ЦЦȣСȽھô˻ᣬָܹһ
ȣ
˾ȤֻλŮӼĳͻѣӰ֡
Ȼܲմʲô鷳£鷳ƫƫȴҪԼȶ鼧һ޺øУ֮仹мìܣȻ鼧սȵӶȻܾ
ָ㵹ǲҵ򵥵ɡȵĻصԾ̨֮С
鼧óѰЦЦԾ̨ϣĶš
鷳ˡƷ粻̾һΪȸеǣ鼧бģҲż͡


1299 Իħ
ʱƵ̨֮УλħоħŮԡ
ˣڼλྪ֮󣬿ÿˮֱϯ̨ϵһЩЩѳֲס
ħеӣ֮󣬶ɫҲǼΪѵģرǶһЩòħŮ鼧ȿɶħŮ˻ǼΪĶġ
ȻǺǵĻǲȤˡرŭеĺ𣬺޲ЩⳡᣬôſħǸе
Ʒ̨ϵȣԲ鼧ĹƵóѣĵȲѵʱƷԲӲܡ
ͬŮӣԹƻ֮ڱ˴˵ⶼЧġ
ԣ鼧иֳһѼϸĳֻͨħѡо˶ڶŮɫ֮⣬ǽĻǶûʲôͷġ
鼧ģЦ˵СȽ㣬ɱᣬҪ̣ûб˼
ҿǶĻͻǱ˵ˣҪ̵ĻͳְɡĻص˪
鼧˫һ裬Ϸżŭ⣬ЦǽҪСˣ⽣ǲ۵ġ
˵գ鼧һų˹
ʵʲô׼ʵԶħ˧
鼧Ǻܿ죬гɭɱֱȡ
ס鼧Ĺ켣ȵһĶܹ鼧һӷƵ鼧࣬Ż𳤽ݺݵĴ鼧
ɱĵĻȶ鼧ҲǳɱģԳҲ飬ȵһҲǳ鼧λȥ
鼧΢һ£ҲԾţͬһ㣬ȵĽ˹ȥƽȵ
ƺѴ͸鼧˼еĳһ٣ۼ鼧Ҫȱ֮еĳ鼧Ĳն˹ȥ
鼧ɫһȵĽƺ˿Լеĳӭȵһ˹ȥ

˫һǿƲ鼧ĽȻһ˴˼䶼ƺܵͬķ𣬲ɱ˴˼䱻˿ȥ
ϣղĺŶ鼧һɫӡ
ڳ˵ûʲôƷ鼧ܼȻƷ粻ϲɱŮˣŮ˵ĻƷԲ顣
ǵǿúȤֲΪ֮ǰʧЩӶֹ˴˴εĴᣬڶں˵ÿһ̵ʱ䶼һĥ
ȶ鼧񣬲ȥ鼧͵𳤽ҫŶĿĺâɱڵĳ鼧
ƣ鼧˿Ҵ⣬ȫӣӹһӰֱӭȡ
ݣ
ϸ綾һ㣬Ĵ鼧
鼧һ˦һնȵһ
ȲԾţеĳͻȻıƣеͻȻɲסȻ˼֣ٻг鼧һ˹ȥ

Ůһ˹ȥƾУ˻
鼧֮ɫһˣȻֱ˹ȥĻеĳ⽣Ӱ裬ɼһ㣬סȵ·ĺȡ
벻鼧ĹƾȻҡ
ɫأһ󱻱ˣһ߻еĳ鼧Ĺ
鼧еĳ趯ԽԽ죬ӻʮâһ㣬ҪӲѹҵĻᡣ
Ʒ翴ľųϵһĻ̲סҪ̨鼧ԾҪɱȡ
¹̴ŵһλǿߣϷյЦݣ鼧ȵһսаһ㡣
ݣݣ
ĽâĽȣ鼧ɫԽӵݣɱоţÿһĳƶ˿飬Ҫһ㡣
ȵ鼧ĹЩӦӲϾѾȫʧȥȨ鼧ƵÿҪѹ̨ıԵ
ߣһڱǿϮĽӰ͵ĺỮ˹ȥһ޳ĽϮ˳ȥ
䣡
һ죬͵һƿЩâһɿֲˣȱ⾢ƸƵ
ݣ
Ϭĳƿնɫгɱ鼧ͻȻȵǰһļȵؿڡ
СȣƷ簵һҲס˺һĻ
ľɫӦҲ죬̧еĳǰ
أ
챩𣬹⻪䣬鼧һ̺ǿȻס鼧ԵһҲ⵽һĴֺ˼
鼧һЦͦ׷˹ͲκδϢĻᡣ
ɫһԾϿ֮
鼧ݣ𣬿еĳûǧϰٵӰɱޱȣݺݵıȡ
Ȳ鼧ʱӲâ£Լٶȶ鼧ĹԶ֮ء
鼧һ͵һųǿҵĺڹ⣬ͬĳٶɱȡ
ȽƣΪŭۼ鼧һϮҲ׼Ҫ˼֮ӵעгų鼧һһŭն˹ȥ
鼧޾ɫȵһֱ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ɾͬʯײƬķʯǿӿϮ˿ǵľ޴Ⲩ֮С
ؿһƣʮ
鼧ҲǱ˻ȥֻǽ˺˼ѣʵǿƺѾЩˡ
ˣĿתĶųϵսֻжȣȻŮͬΪ׾ߣ鼧Ҫʤһ
ģƷ簵һݺݵսȭͷ
鼧ռϷ磬ȵһЦСȽ㣬յ״̬Ѱ
ٷϻȽһȣһŭųֳ鼧ȥ
Ƣˡ鼧һЦۼƶ鼧ȻɫֻзŹ⡣
ݣ
ĳĦ󾢷磬ȾҪɱ鼧֮ʱ
ͻȻ
鼧˫һ裬ĵĽеԻħ̣
˵꣬鼧ϱ㾪ȻӿһǺ壬̼㽫ȸסˡ
Իħ̣
ڳһ
ƷɫһԻħҲܲ򵥣ȵȥ̨ȴѱһɫסˡ
ֻǣϡɼ˾Ȼ
ʱԻħ֮УȵɫͻȻû֮䣬ǰȻֳһϤȻƷ硭
Ʒ磿˰ɣд鼧ЦСȽ㣬ԻħŮϲ֮˵ĻԻħ̵ԻЧͻɱǿҵСȽҪùˡ
˵꣬ڰ֮УͽȻֳһɱ⣬鼧ֵıƽȣɱ¶
ǣںڰеȣаһ㣬鼧ƣȾȻһҲһ׸ӡ
һľֲ̾ϧȿҪ鼧ˡ


1300 Ʒ
Իħ̣ħʮ֮һһַǳа񱰱ɵĻ޵ôѣħմ޼
û뵽⿴ССǵ鼧Ȼ޵ô˻ȼ֮䣬⵽Իħ̵ϮȻ
ݣ
ĳ۶Ȼڻ֮СֵǣȵϻһҸĵЦݣͲ֪ԼѾھ֮С
ۼһҪ֮ʱ˶Ϊ鼧һǱɡ
ȻȵԺ֮УһϤСȣѣ
ȻһȻ˹һ˫ۣ鼧ɱڵ佣Լؿ֮˹
Ȼ鼧Ҳǳ⣬û뵽ȾȻܹĿơ־֮£鼧ʹ˰֣ݺݵͦ˹ȥ
ִ֮䣬ȵеĳĵǰ
أһ
׾һȵĽУϾȴʧȻִټ޷ȫ㱻鼧һ˳ȥ
ͣ
ȿѪһ֧ڵأǱһ°ӣǸղһͻȻԼҪôԼɾѶˡ
ֻǣͻȻȾúϤֻһʱ벻Ҳûʱȥ롣ֻ벻׵ǣԼղл֮УΪλƷӰӣ
˼ǳԾղͼѾԻħ̵ļôͻȻ˻Ŀأ

ħһ㶣Ӹղѵһ̣λȴǺȻоϯ̨ͻȻһɿµĻȻܹƿλĸ֪ȻɻصļãûӹǵĸӦ
ֻ˵͸ǿ֮Уڳλ֮УܿһʵµǿߡħǸողŽֹɻĳֲ˴˼仳ɡ
ԭһӣԴӸоصǿ֮󣬲ɱָȤΪɻڰȡ
뵽ڴˣħֲƷȥΪƷΪӽˡƷ粻λħ˧߽׵ʵѣȻ˳쳣ɫ֮⣬Ҳоʲôˡ
ƷɫƽȻоڰпԼƷѰ˵ȻħǿߣԿӵƷʵ
ֻǣƷֻϣܹ֪ѶˣȻĻƷܹȰԻħ̵ĻҲԻ鼧Ķ֡
ʱȻоյİԻħ̵ĻҲܴˣȹֲִӣҲսˡ
㡭㲻ҵĻôܱˣͲܣ鼧㵵ʵֱܴӡ
ߣƾձɵֶҲɱңһųǿҵĺڹ⣬ǿɱȻɢ
Ʒ㣬һΣǲϰˣƷֻܼĹעȡ
Ǻǣ̫ˡ鼧һЦ
˫һ裬еĳٵĻһâ鼧Ϯ˹ȥ
ݣݣ
Ľâͬ֩һ㣬ĸ鼧
鼧ȵӰĶܹЩâϮ
ɫһݣವһֱ˹ȥ
鼧һЦȲǸܴ֮ѣԾ£
ȵٶȺܿ죬Ҳɿȼķŭһ˲ӵ鼧ǰȻ𳤽ǿҵĺڹ⣬ݺݵĳ鼧ն˹ȥ
鼧ΪһӰתӵȵ࣬˵㣬ĶҪŶ
һоһɷĽƴԼϮ˹
£͵һתµ𳤽ǰ
ⲻ֪鼧еĳͻȻ;ıȥƣԵıƿȵһӭ¶ȵĸм˹ȥ
Ⱦһ£æˡ
鼧ȥ裬ʹ˷Źȣеĳֵݽ˼֣ٶȱƽȡ
֮£ֻ͵תҪȥ鼧һĹʵ̫ˡ
ݣһ
һѪŷɽȵĸ֮У鼧һݺݵĻһ̵˿ڡ
һʹɫĺ˼
Ʒһ͵սȭͷвɼӹһɱ
鼧͵һţֳ嵽ȵǰ
ȿȫǳڱܵĸӦ֮ӭ
أ
˫⻪䣬鼧һɱҪǿˣֱ֮Զ鼧һٶȱƽִһǿһƺݺݵػȵؿ֮
أ
һʹһź˼ЩҪ
鼧˫۷ɱֳ˹ȥɭĳȵλͬļ˹ȥ
ȸ뿪ս̲סһѪ˳ȷӦʱ鼧һѾݺݵı˹
ѾҪˡ
״̬־룬ȸȫֵס鼧һ
ۼһҪ֮ʱһװ͵ĺס֣
鼧һ£ΪǺʱٻһ¡
һϤ֮ҲȫĴһŰӡ
˸ѭȥϯ̨еһӰͻȻӵ̨֮УԼ䲻˼ٶȣͬԽռ˲ȵǰ
Ȼವһ£ǵӰ°ȣһߡ
ÿ죡
ȫų˺ħ֮⣬ûܲ׽Ʒ
ô鼧𾪣ͣٶƷȥ֮ʱ鼧𾪵Ӷ
ûƷ磬ȵӡ
𺧣Ե𺧣ȫžĶƷ硣
ƷȵıȣĿƮݵİɫƮ緢ͬǳ財
ȼǳԾǰϤĿܾСһ㣬ĶƷǿů˫͸룬һŰ˵Ʒ硭桭𣿡
ǺǣȻңȻΪ˭ƷչһЦ
ô㣿Ⱦһ㣬ȥһС
Ǻǣȥ֮һٺú͡ƷͰЦЦͷе鼧Į˵ҾԲ˭˺Сȣ
֮Уɢһɿµơ
鼧ооĪһɿ־塣
ϯ̨ϵλǾĿɿڴƷչֳǿʵһ˵ʵǳ̫ˡ
¹صλǿߣҲһ㵰ӣȻѾƷϵһЩ⣬û뵽ȻǿߣƷҪǿס
ħɫ˼ܹԼʵصôǶֻ˵ӵŷǱȿµ


1301 ɱ鼧
ƷȵıȣϴżɬƷܵ˱İȫС
˿̣ȫѾɵˣλͻȻðǿߵ˭
Ҳд˸ʺţЩڿƷղչֳĹ硣
ߣһɫһһЦһԽԽȤˡ
鼧סˣӦ֮ۼôõĻûɱȣԵôŭѣƷʵʲô˼
Ʒȥش𣬱ֱ뿪̨صԭϯλ֮У˾㵵Ŀ⣬ȻĽȷϯλС
ǺǣúôľͽˡƷ΢΢һЦš
Сĵ㡣ߺص˫ǰϤֱЩİĿչֳδй
鼧ղѣȻô˵汻ƷˣŭĽеѾΥ˴Ĺ򣡡
Ʒɫ͵Ծ̨֮У鼧˵ƷŲʲôֻҪǸҶߵ˲ӲŲȥʲô򣡡
˾סˣƷĿҲʵ̫ˣⲻžȺĶ
ߣѵͲ𹫷𣿡鼧ߵ
ߣƷһмԽΪα˸ϾɱղѪ峤ЩɥҲǳѲҲԺ𣿡
㡭鼧һʱԷ
ҲǴΪȣƷȻǵ֮
УȻֻǸ㾹ʹԻħ˱ɵֶΣҵӵĽǷƨƷ
һɰ˸ˡ
һѿƷ˻ûнǱǶνĴʹޣƷĹҲַˡ
鼧࣬еĳֱƷ磬Ե˵Ҽĳ˿ɶˣģ
޳ܵŮˣƷĻص֮ȴֱЦˣû뵽ƷҲô
ãܺã鼧ֱҧʱܹܴ裬Ҫ˵Ļһϸ£Ҿ㣡
Ȼ̫ϲɱŮˣֽӣɱһٱ鶼ûƷݺݵ˵
쵰鼧ŭ죬˵ԼɫҲԵ˲ˣھȻôǰƷҼ˵ĽС
ಣ
鼧еĳǿľŭɱƷ硣
Ʒǲм鼧ɱ
һ̣ڳ˵Ŀⶼʱ۵ƷϣԴӼʶƷչֳĹ֮˶ƷʵҲǷǳ֮档
ȣᵽԻħ̵ǳƷİΣ鼧һͿҪƽƷʱҲ
ݣ
ĳ󾢷糯ƷؿڴϮһбǳƷɱȥġ
Ʒһιһȴ޴鼧Χ뿪΢΢ǳȥ˹ȥ
͵һ£ƷһǯӰĿס鼧
鼧һ־ȻҲˣŭҷſ
ž
˵꣬һĶ鼧δӦϱ㴫һʹ̵ӡ¶鼧ǰ׾ϡ
ÿ죡
˴󾪣ҲɫԲ׾ӵеģڳλûܹ͸Ʒʵ
ǲŵӣƷȷʵǴӷйˣôʵ֮ǿԼҪǿࡣ
һ£ƷһߣŻڷе鼧˵һƣΪСȴģ
鼧˹һ۰űϵĴʹộŭÿҪĽеˣҪɱ㣡
͵ģ鼧ȫŭֳƷ硣
ƷɫһͻȻһӰڳе鼧ֻ΢΢оһ磬һӰ鼧⧲֮˹
ž
һĶ⣬һ̵ӡ
鼧ŭзӦʱƷ粻֪ʱһߣĶ鼧˵һƣΪԼģ˶٣Ʒɭɱ˵ĻǾҪˣ
죡鼧ץ͵ּ壬ҪƽƷ֮ʱ鼧ŭȵԻħ̣
͵ģ鼧һ˦һɹĺͬξ˰ӿ˲סƷ磬ϯ̨Ʒں֮С
Ʒ磡Ȳһǲѡ
˲̨ϵĺȥʧǣƷƺǱԻħ̵ĸסˣҲ
ħɫȻΪƷô鼧ĵϾӸղǹػȴӻоѹǱͰԻصĻƷֱʣôƷôܻԻħ̵Ŀأ
鼧ڷŭ֮У˼̫࣬ƷܵԻħ̵Ӱ죬ϱ¶һЦݣ㻹ΪСжأҲǸ˶ѡ
˵գ鼧˫һ裬гһһ⣬ںдĹۣ鼧ֳеݺݵɱƷ硣
ԵüΪţҧҧҪ̨شͰƷ硣
ݣ
֮߰Ʒؿֻ֮֮
ԭʧеƷ磬͵̧ͷһ˫˸а֮Ķ鼧ڿ˰ӡ
鼧£ֲѣû뵽Ʒ羹ȻգûܵԻħ̵κӰ졣
ʱ鼧еĳȫǳʻеĶ˹ȥ
ݣ
鼧һоǴ˿һ㣬еƾʧ鼧ͻȻһַĸоɫѾ˾
ಣ
ƷͻȻֵ鼧ǰһ飬ͬӥצƣٴο鼧Уת鼧еĳ˹
ԼĽ£ǸˡƷŴ鼧ĳޱ˵
鼧ͻͫף˼µľ
¹͵վŭס֣
ߣϼƷһڵ¹ŵľ棬ɭĳ͵Ķ鼧ؿϴ˹ȥ
ͣ
ֱӹضƷаһǿľݺݵųб鼧ڡ
鼧ܲסľҽһӱ㱬ը˿Ʒһע֮£͵͵Ľ鼧Ӳ
ţƷֳѪĩ£ɱ˵ħһ㣬ɱ֮Į֮̇С
ɱ
˲Եɱ


1302 ӭս¹
ȫ𺧣ղƷܵԻħ̵ĿƣôͻȻ鼧Ʒɱˣʵ̫ԷӦˡ
ڽǴ󾪣ӸղƷн׾Ҳ˻ȵƷ硣
ȾˣûܷӦôһգۼ䣬鼧ôôأ
ƷĮɫҲӦǵһɱŮˣΪһŮ˶ɱһŮˡ
¹žãѹ֮󣬱㱩ɤӳ̨ϵƷŭе쵰ҸղŲǽס𣡡
ס֣˭ʲôƷһı֮ɫҲŮ˾ȡղСʹɱ֮ʱ˵ס־Ǹƨˣ
㡭¹ԷҧгݵĺúݣȻŮ֮Ź
ֻе֣֮ŮҪɱҵˣҵĵˣԴ˵ˣһ飡ƷĻص
¹ŭѣͷź˵ѵͲһԾͲ
˼һƷ磬Ȼŭеĵ¹ŵĻص֮䣬ЩⷢⲢ档
ǺǣǺͨƷЦЦ̰ĳŵ¹˵ǵ¹ҾõǺ⣬鼧һ޹ϸԣαҪ˽⣡
ұ죡¹һδʼ֮ǰұѾойǿϢڰпҳǣʱҲ޻ɣϢ˾㡣˵Ļ֮Դ˴δ˲ᣬҲú°ɣҲ֪㵽Ǻξģ
£Ʒ磬Ļ¹ŵĻȷʵ޵ǱһȳΪжĳ⣬ҳƷҲ֡
ȻЩɵĻǲ˵
üͷһ壬ǵȳǵؼƫԶƷصǿʵҪԸǵλǿҲ⡣
Ʒ絹Ե÷ǳƽȻ¹ɱЩĪеͼҵͷϣǵ¹ųҹǰйᣬЩ⣬ҵǵĿԻ󡣡
ߣݱ֤ǾûҪǵ⣡¹ߵ
Ǻǣ֤ƾ޾ݵƾʲô϶ңƷ粻мһЦֳ˵¹ڴ˵ջҽһҲ˼
㵱һ㣡¹ź͵ı̨֮УֱֳһѺɫƷнƷħ
һ£ɾԽԽȤˡ
¹λнǿߣУ¹ŵʵϳġͣн֮ǧ֮ãʵС
˵ڵ¹ųΪ֮ǰλµɱ֣ڵ¹е¹ΪĵطǱǵ¹ŵħͬɱ
Ʒʵأδܹ͸һս˵ǷǳȤҲκεԣʱ̹עƷ硣
һôôǿأȰڵ¹ŵʵǷǳȻƷֳʵǿлǷǳĵġ
ʱƷ¹ĶţѾȫĸ߶ȹע
Ʒŵ¹ͬȼǿߣҲ˿Ҵ⡣ƷȫĻԸ¹Ų⣬ؼϯ̨ϵλƷɲܽԼʵ¶̫࣬ȻԺ鷳󣬱ھѾƷͷˡ
¹ƷлѪĳɫ鶯˵㲻ҪѽԸҰɣ
Ǻǣҿô鼧ѽµ˵鼧ʱܸˡƷһЦ
ߣСӣ㹻־״Ҫһ¹ųߵ
ɣ״ƷҡҡͷĻصðɣô˵ͲȥǸʲô״ˡ
СӣΪĿصĴۣ¹ɱв
⻰Ѿ˲ˣ˵ЩˣҵҲһĽƷ̰Ļصѹûѵ¹ŷ
ҵҪԿ¹һͬһ㣬һ±ӵƷǰٶȾڳ׿ģȫںҹǡ
Ʒ΢һ£ҪһʵȥԸ¹ǿߣƷ˿Ҵ⣬еĳڵԪ˲תΪ˺ڰ֮һȼҫ۵ĺڹ⡣
ಣһ
¹űһƵƷǰν棬¹űȫŭޱȵĳƷն˹ȥ
Ʒ޾ɫƮݵĻеĳǿעڽУӭŵ¹ŵһ̽Եֱ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬˵Ľ֮ǿҵĹ⻪ֲ˾ȻƷһƬʯ޴Ĺơ
أһ
Ʒ羹Ǳ˽ʮ֮ԶϾƷֵ鼧ʹùħƷҪڵ¹еħֱӲĻƷЩ·ġ
Ȼ¹Ҳ˼ܵκεӰ죬ɫһݣ͵˫һţճԾסƷڣĻӻһĽâ
ݣݣ
һǿâ罣ļ£Ʒ֮أЩâסˣ¹ŻڼеĽâ֮УųӭƷɱ¡
Ʒ粻ԾţһħԷ
Է
һľ󣬾͸оƷ˵ħ֡
ǣһĻȴˡ
ƷеĳһͽȻֳâЩâ˲һһ㣬ǿķ
¡¡
ʮâϮ£ըƷľԷбը˿ԻΪһƬ㣬¹ŵĽâǱƷľԷֵס
¹Ҳѣâ֮űǵ¹ֳֽ϶һĻâƷľԷŭնȥ
䣡
һ죬̨еĵ׷׹ѣ¹һԾʮ㣬ݺݵƷľԷնƿһӡ
ƷʵһЩ͹˵¹ŵʵ
¹Ÿ𾪲ѣԼղſʹȫȻûȫƻƷķƷǺˡ
˿ĿɿڴħоȻȲ˼Ľ
ɫǸղƷʹõĲ鼧еħ˵Ʒ绹иΪµħһֵܵס
ܣ¹ŭһ͵ֻһٴնƷľԷ
һοɲǿЦˣԭЩҪѿľԷƷɲԸΪܹٽס¹ŵȫһ
أһ
ɢĹ⻪֮У¹һ˲ݻƷľԷƷȴѳûܵһߣɫĶŵ¹š
˵ȷʵ塣
ҲһղŻΪƷᱻ¹һСֻǲ֪ΪΣĪľƷԵ⡣


1303 ɱ
ʱ˿̣ħһƬž
ƷǹĽ˴Ϊ
¹ŭѣȴɫأƷȹĶ֣ħЩӵа˻ҪӵԶԸ
˫ɫеȣЦǺǣ벻Ҳߣ˸еⰡ
˵ЦˡȵĻصעųϵһС
ʱڲƵ̨֮УƷ¹üޱȣѷ֣ȻֿɿƷԵࡣ
ƷȻʵںڴﵽ֮ƷѴ˵¹šƷ粻ҹڱ¶ʵȻЩ˿϶Լ鷳
ˣƷĻﵽڵľ磬ڵ¹ŵ켣յһ¹ÿιϮƷ綼ɵӦԡ
ݣݣ
¹ͻնеĳһĽâĳƷϮȥ
Ʒһ㣬ӣƳ˾գȴƷɵȥ
ȣ
¹ŭһ͵ƷЩâ֮ʱ¹ͻȻıƵƷǰųСӣܲ˰ɣ
ݣһ
Ϭĳѿ֮ƣƷͷʼֱն¡
ƷһЦιȵĻһӰһ㣬Ʒ羹˼Ƶ˵¹ŵ󣬵˵ϧĶˣ
¹žһ£ʱоͻȻϮһɭĽ¹ȫǳڱܵķӦ͵ǰһӡ
ƷеĳǾݵһ㣬ָŵ¹ű˹ȥٶȵ¹ŻҪ죬һ˲Ƶ˵¹ŵ
֮£¹Ȼһת˳һͷݺݵĺն˹ȥ
ⲻ֪ƷͻȻıȥƣ͵һȥɵĶ˵¹ŵתһӣҪ˵棬Ĺڵ¹ŵ̡
¹ɫ䣬ݿն𣬿ϧƷĽʵ̫ˣ¹ŸûôķӦ¹ŻǽҪƷһ
ݣ
һһѪȻ¹ǿ죬ȵ໹ǱƷݺݵĻһѪڡ¹һʹ˿ȥ
ƷȻһֽ
˼ѾɵˣȻƷȴ򷨵ģǲñƷݺݵĸЩͬʵǿߣǸез
¹ŭƷ磬ϵ˿ںһʱԻָõ¹ŸоĴʹ
Ʒŵ¹ţȻѾˣ͸Ӹˣ˵ҲᣬֻҪҿĸͷĵĻЩŹ㣡
裡裡
ƷƺˣƷô˵Ļ¹žҲҪԼƴһˣƷҪþЧǵʱɱ¹ŵĻ鷳̨ϵĻǾһѵõĻᣬƷôա
Ȼ¹ƷĻ֮ʢΪŭģҲ̫ˣ
ңֻΪ¹еֵöѡƷ缥ĻЦ
ϻ¹ŭһ͵ıӿһǿֱһֲľ磬аķ̨˲ǿ֮С
Ʒ΢΢һֵ˲ķߡ
¡¡
͵ľ磬ӿϮĳƷķߡ
¹Ŵǿ֮ȻŭƷ磡Ҿúüʶҵ
䣡
һ죬ʯ𣬵¹ѾۼһɼΪ˵ĺɫ籩ҫŶĿĺâĺڰ籩ͻȻγһ޴ĳ
𣡡
ĺ𣬷籩Ѿﵽ˷ǳµĳ̶ȡ
ħɱ
һװ𣬾ĳкһĽϮƷ硣
ɱǵ¹ŵħ֮һ֮ǿ߱ŴΧĹ˼һ˲¹
˽ĿųϵһУ´κһϸڡ
ɱǷǳǿģнߣУҲñ֣Ʒ̨֮УڷɱĸǷΧС
ôƷָȥӦأ
ԷɱĿƷҲ˿Ҵ⣬ڵת֮ԪѾעڳ֮СȻѳԶԶȲ𽣣ƷҲܷӼ
Űķ籩ͬһ㣬ִΧĹ֮£ƷҪ㿪ȫܵģ뿪̨
ȻƷԲ뿪̨
͵ģƷͻȻֳųھĳǳϮķ籩һħƿգ
ݣ
һ̶ѿ֮죬˾ǾֵĿƷеĳ͵ĳһӣռǱ˺ѿһѺһ㣬һɼΪֲϢѺӿ˳
𣡡
װ֮죬Ѻ֮УȻĴܳһδ֪ľ޴ѪѪһһĳǷ籩бͳ˹ȥ
ƿգеĵһʽںĻʹƷֻʹһƿյҲǿϽʮ
ֻ̨֮У۵Ĺ⻪֮£ɼɫʲһľܲӭű˴˳˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ѫֱӳ˷籩ĺ֮ʵ̫ΪԵˡѪϣһɹϹ׻
˾ѣѪѾ˷籩Ű֮Уǿ¹ŷɱ͵ֵסѪĳ
Ȼ֮䣬ñը˿̨ǰһ޿ӣֲ˹ӿϮܣ̨ϵķбԽӴˣһǿĳɾҪˡ
ҵķ籩֮УԵЩĵ¹ţ͸һ˵ɱ˫Ŀ죬ǿҵĺڹ⣬ŭųֱ˹
ƷڵͿ֮ŵ¹ųɱ
ȻƷֳеĳԵޱȵ֮ͫУ˸һɭɱ⣬ڵְĵ
ಣ
¹ŵٶȺܿ죬ڽӽƷʱ򣬵¹ͻȻֱһħӰɱ
͵һ£еĵ¹ͻȻ仯ΪŵӰ˲סƷ·ŵӰȻʵ壬ǻŵʵ֮УƣһŷŭɱҪŤĳªףŵӰͬΧɱƷ硣
һ£ƷԵ¹ʹõħܾȣܿƷ㰵ЦΪŵʵ壬ǲȴҪͬʱΪŷݣƾпõʽԸ𣿡
֮У¹ʵһ£Ȼûõ¹ŵĹƾʹֹͣŭޱȵĳɱ˹
Ʒгһǲмһħɲǹ⻪
Ȼ֮䣬һǿҵĹâ˿ֱӴ͸̨۵Ĺâ̼סħ㳡еҰȫģˡ
ǣǿʢĹ⻪֮У˶ĸо˹⻪֮кһɹɿµĽ̨жĽסˡ
ֱ⻪ɢȥ֮ʱ
ǲмһƬ̨ȥȴֻƷһˣİšǵ¹ű˵Ļȴƾʧ˰㡣


1304 ʾ
־˵¹ѾƷ
˿̣ȫһƬ𾪣ղƷһУûܹ嵽ôһ£ֻǸоһɳ̨Ŀ½Ȼǵ¹ƾʧˡ
ǿħ
ڣ̾Ʒǹµ似ڳ޲ѡħ˼š
Ѿȫסˣôţһλʵǿн׾ߣôƷƷ翴ûܵκεˡ
ԭڵ¹λǿߣŭѣݺݵսȭͷ¹ŶƷϣҲóȻȥ
ʱһƬžƺ˻δзӦ
ţƷĽеĳӵڵأԾϯ̨֮ϣͶһЦǺǣ治˼ղųˣԡ
޷¹״Ʒֵʵˣ¹ܹҲΪڳλҲʲôġЦоƷ׽һ
˳ĬƷʵƺƷߣ˭ʲô
ǾлλˡƷ繰һЦűصȵǰЦһˡ
ߣһûдƷ磬һ˫ȴǺݺݵڵƷ磬˵⣬ȴ֮úˣ
ƷΰЦЦɴ¹ԭȵϯλ˹ȥһƷѾﵽʵϯλҲΪƷڵ¹ԭȵλõ¹ԭȵЩӲջţȴֲ
һʱҲ֪˵ʲôԵúܹ֡
ƺԵòһѲƲ̨ҲǱúܴˣ˵̨ǲˣҪǻҪĻµõȵһˣʹ˽ɣ֪к
˳ĬҲ綼Ѿ޲뿪ˡ
˳ԣֵǿûбˣôλ͵һˡ˶٣ֿԵƷǱЦǺǣأλ⣬;һµ¹ųҹ֮λɣϾѾûˡ
ǵ¹ųǾͲˡһͻȻ𣬵¹صλǿվ˳ĵƷ磬ҽаޣǵ¹ųǵĵڶλߣ¹Ҵ磬ʸҴλðɣ
ڰ޵ĳ֣˲е⡣֮ǰЩ˽ϯ̨ϵʱȻûܿ͸߻ƷλµĴڣڰȽ׾߻Ǻױ͸ġ
üͷһ壬ƺһʱû뵽аڣȻѾ̬ˣҲȥʲôЦϲ㣬Ժ¹ųǾӦõýа޳˰ɡ
Ժ¹ųǾͽ߱ǣ˵
һ㶣߱ǣⲻžǳƷȥ
ȻֻǻðԲѡ
Ʒ絹һĲм߶ѣֻҪȥĻʱܽ˰ޡ
ʱ˵ҹǵĻ鼧ҳһЩ⣬˳ǲҵأƷֵܽҹǰɡ
ȻƷʾá
ħһѿ֮ɫȴֲȥʲôλ͸˵ˣʱȥԵĻĿɲǺƷʵµǿߡ
ԣǾûġ
Ц⣬ƺϵ˻ַӦ
ɣƷʵƷֵܣ֪
лˣҾͺʤˡƷ絭Ļص
ǺǣƷֵܣпյĻʱҳǰݷãħǾԻӭ΢΢һЦֻЦüթӡ
ݷáƷص
ɫأ˵ҲóҪ£ƷˣƷҲħǵħǵ͸Զҡˡ
ãЦ˴δʹ˽лλܹμӴ˴εᣬźǣֻܵȵʮپˡ
˵ɫÿҲԲνʲôȤⲻħĲѡ
˱һһ뿪ħ㳡Ҷߵúܼ٣кȻֱӷħǣǡ
ϵĹĦߣҲδ뿪ħ㳡
ƷҲΪһᣬ

֮ƷȲ뿪ħǣ᰸ȥݷ᰸ϾƷ᰸˵֮԰ݷãƷҲ᰸䲻򵥣ԾԲܶ᰸ʧ
ֻǣɵǣƷǰȥݷõʱ᰸ȴĪĹرˡʵ᰸ʵˣ˵Ҳ᰸μᣬΪ᰸ȴûᣬ֮صʧأ
֮£Ʒֻۻħ
Ͼδ֮ȿ϶Ʒʡ
ħ
ƷȻصԭȵĹС
ȻħҲֻƷλ߻ˡ
һ뷿УƷڷһ磬ֹ˵Ŀӡ
ɫͻȻһ䣬ֳһѳֱƷ磬ЩŭĽе˵㵽˭ǿʵҵߵǺξģ
ûʲôģǻص֮󣬺ųԻ㣬ңҶ޶⡣Ʒص
ף˵֪£Ȼʵ
ǵģڲμ֮ǰѾ֪ҵ£Ҫ֪ʲôĻȥ֮ԻˣֻҪףĶΪǵˡƷȣϰЦǺǣУƷѡûҵĻѾ鼧Ǽ˵ˣ˵Ҷʲôģ
Ʒ⻰ͻȻʱ̨ƷԼıסԼȲɫߺ֮ɫȴĽеУҾҪڰеһжңȻҾɱ㣡
ҪɱңҲȺúûָưɡƷΰҡҡͷֱ߽ȵǰȻùеĳ
ֵǣҲ޷ֻɵ㶵ĶƷ硣
Ʒбڵעȵڡ
ԭ뷢ģоԼ֮ڵƾȻ漣޸ˡپȰۼȹԼˣҲԼ׽ˣз롣
Ʒһ߰ڵƣһǶСְ˵Ҳǵģ֪鼧Ҫɱ֣㻹ɵɵĵȻҳ־㣬Ժǻܶ鷳
ȻعĽҪܣûң
Ʒһӵȣΰ˵˵˿֣Ҿ㲻˵лˣ˵ôĿ̱
˵ҿ̱õ˫ۣƷϸĵİԼ޸ڵƣһӢݣϲƬϼͷлл㡣
ŶݸлҾˡƷЦЦһ̧ͷ㿴һɬĽݣԭǱȫͬɫƷͻȻ侹Ȼסˡ
ʧ֮䣬ͻȻһˡ


1305 
һͻֱʧеƷ˹
ˡƷ˵
ʲôˣʡ
ˡ
Ǹ
ܼ򵥣£ǣڽմ֮ǰͺʾáƷ˵ֻڶħУһ϶ǡ
ߣҪȥԼȥҿûȤһıƷ˵ݿɲͬˣ𶼶ôգħǵĻԺɾдǰ;ˡ
УҲ̫СˣһûءƷ֮Աǡ
ĺܿΪ˭˦ͷ˵
ƷԵúΣҡͷ˵ɡ
ţƷ糯˻ʲôˣʲô𣿡
ǺǣˣħĸǷ֮λǰһۡ⴫һŮӵ
֪ˣǼ̱㵽ˡƷص
ǣˡŮ˵꣬뿪ˡ
Ʒ˵˭ӦģͬҪȥ𣿡
һȥƷص
Ϊʲôһɻ
ƷЦǵġ
˵ȻҾͲȥȽе
ѾͷôͲأҪǣǲȥǲӣڻǺԹʱ򡣡Ʒص
Ѿͷȶͷð˺ߡ
ˣһ˰ɣڻǵøӵġƷĻصϾʵǿƷһԶԶǺĶ֡
ţƷȥ
һߣֱţҲƷȥ
ħǣ
ڵǶʮ˳ΪɵģҲʹĽ裬䱸ɭϣħ˧ǿڶ࣬Ĵ
ãƷȱС
еЩһƷǵʱƺѵõ˺ķԸƷǶǱϹϾģֱӱһ˴Ʒȥ
еʱ򣬱ɸоһɭϵϢɫ¹һӡ
ƷɫӽеʱƷ㿪ʼĻ
ò˵ͬͭǽһ㣬ӲĻܸƷ鷳οڸлڶ֡
ȻƷ粻ʹûȥ̽ƷȴֵĸоúڰпԼӵЩ˲ǽˡ
ֻ˵һ㣬ǾħǿڰбһϾħܹʮ˳ǵİλ֮ãֻбЩʵ
ֱʱƷǵ˹һ񣬱ڴǰֹˡ
ǽȥɡƷ˵
һ㡣
ţ˱һ̤ͬ˴֮С
֮Уһ۱ɼЦλ֮У˺кҹ峤ҹħƳǵħħħǵħħԳ
ѪµĻںشѾˣԲ޵
Ǻǣܹܳõ룬ҰƷ繰һЦϵĻƷ˹
ȸ΢΢˸кȻ󰵱Ʒ硣
ǺǣλˣɡЦƷĻԵú⣬ħҲһһƷѺðʩһ
ǾлˡƷصһͬλ¡
ʱЦƷ˵Ʒֵܣıֿ˾Ȱħ٣Ϊ
Ʒ绹ԶˣΪǻԶԶ̸ϡƷҡͷ
Ǻǣ벻ƷֵܻͦǫġЦЦʣˣ֪ҹǵĹһ⣿
ȻлչˡƷص
΢΢ͷƺѰ˼һ㣬ֹüͷ˵Ʒֵܣı̫ڷâѾ˲˵ע⣬ЩĻ֮ˣƷǣҵٳ֮һ鷳Ƕһͬħǵ˵޺ġ
Ʒ⣬ȿƺԵú㣬ȵлˣֻһЩǣʲô
˵ֺ꣬ݺݵĵƷ硣
˫һ裬˼ŭ⡣
ƷΣҲգ˳ȵ˼˵Ǻǣ˵öԣȻħĻǴкôǼشƫԶ뻹ǶȽϺá
ɫ˵ƷֵܣⲢ˼ɣ
ɣһʱ俼ǰɣǻ𸴵ġƷص
һʱ俼ǣһЩĻҲȺúһ˵
˵Ʒ
ƷֵܣҲħǵȳǵɼףӵżΪаЩаӦںСǺĲ˽κһ˵ûкôġϾǿǷħڹϽĻҲôöԸɫ˵
ǻúÿǵġƷͷʵںҲǷǳ˼ɵġ
Ҫô࿼𣿺ܹˣǸӣ̲ס˵̬Ͽǳơ
죡ŭһͷֶƷǸ˵Ʒֵܣ˼ҹ峤ֻһʱļųڴԣƷֵܲطϡ
޷⹷ʱҲҷ͵ġƷźҹ˵
Ʒ磡⻰ʲô˼ҹŭˡ
죡û𣡡ֶźҹҹһӵŭȴֲ˵ʲôֻںݺݵĶƷ硣
ƷĻҲЩϹȥĳƷ˵ƷֵܣҲˣҲ˶ʧһЩ
ܹԺʶҲҵңں˵֮ƣǱȻῼԲúʧġƷص
ǺǣҾ͵ȴǵĺϢ΢΢һЦ
ûµĻǾȸˡƷ繰ֵ
ôͶһգҲΪǶ硣˵
ô鷳ˣлĿˣпյĻݷáƷЦǺǵĻص
ǺðɣʲôҪĻܿڡ
ƷȴҴҵ뿪
Ʒ뿪֮󣬱һӻĺҹԺ˵磬ĲƷôֵҿСѹûʲô⣬˵ǣҲҪѶѡ
ߣ㶮ʲôСӽղչ¶ʵ򵥣˾ǲܱ£ҲǳΪǵĵˡһ
ˣҵ룬һ£ħҲӦöƷȤҵħҲͬħͻȻ˵˼ܡ
Ѿϵˡ˫һ˵ħƣħ磬֮󣬾Ƕǰһˡ¹˵òӦҲ⵽˲⣬ʱǣֿԺúüҹǵĶ
ǣ
ħħ繰ֵ
磬Ѫֵܵ£ҹͻȻʵ
ѾǱˣԺѪ¼ͽˡ˵УҪչأúڳǧ򲻿ɳκεĲʲôرҪ飬һ
ҹͷ


1306 ֮
뿪ƷǱħǶ᰸ģ³Ʒǲ뿪ħǡ
뿪ħ֮Ʒȱһͬǡ
·;У̲סʵƷ磬Ҫħǵ𣿡
ȻǣҲŲϡƷص
ʲô˼ȼʡ
ô˵Ļ»뿪ħءƷ˵˵ôͱôɵˣ
ߣΪݲһ˾ͿҷҸƴһ
ˣˡƷҡͷһ˵˴λȥǲ֮ħҲ
У㻹ΪԼ˲ءȱƷ˵
ҲǿЦһ㵹˵ûħǾЩԺŻҪ£ǡħֻΪ̽ǵʵѣԺʱӦòʲôĶħǾǺȥԸǣҾӦûǡƷɫ˵
ĻôӦ
ǺǣǶˣƷһЦ
ˣɻѡ
򵥵˵ǡƷݺݵ˵
ƾңסˡ
ȻǣԺԻ׵ġƷذЦЦ
ò˵һʵ̫ˣǺħԲܶԸġһɫ˵
ǲܶԸȴǿǡƷһհӡ
ãôã㲻һմӷŲãЩһħɶǻϹΪǻôɵ𣿡˵
ǿɲһƷЦЦֵˣȱ˵ЩˣһһˣֻҪҾˡ
ĺܺ棬㵽׻жûиңƷ硣
ʲôܣֻҪҲ˺ˣҿİ㵱ҵѡƷϵĻص
ѣħ֮УѶѾֵǮˡ̾һ䣬ȵƺӹһ޵ɫ
ɲôΪƷЦЦͻȻʲôɻɫ˵ˣ֮ƺһɺֵȻ΢ȴ֪á
ֵѰ˼˻üͷ˵˵Ӧ֮ɣ
֮Ʒһɻ
㲻֪ʲô֮Ȼ
еӡ󣬵Ƿǳ⣬ܷ˵˵Ʒ֮ɫ
һɫ˵ν֮ǴǱڵһص˵ȷɣڷеʱ򣬵ΪԽ˽֮ʱӵеõ֮ʸĻбӦ֮Խ࣬õ֮ͻԽǿ֮ڷеĻܲײħĻͿеĸоص֮
ѹˣˣΪෲ֮У˶ԭΪ֮ƷȻ򣬱ϾƷǰû֮˽
Ǻǣڸ˰ɣΪħ֮䣬ħħǿߣСǿߣ˶Ϊľ֮ϾһľؿǺѰͻƵģǲŻ˼еҪõ֮ȵһЦ
ҲŸħ粻ãӺζ֮Ʒ粻ʡ
ܼ򵥣֮ʱʵӮһЩ˵ľӶ˳Żõ΢֮Ƚ͵
ޣԭˡƷ΢΢ͷʣô˵ĻҪǷħ֣ҲΪ֮ɣ
ûԴ֮ǰħʧ֮ħӴ˱һƬңħеĸħΪ֮ݡҲڲ֮ħһҰɡȲ̾
Ʒذĵ˵ͷħгҵĻΨʵƷüӿͻƾ硣
ȼƷһ˼ӣʵôˣЩʲô𣿡
룬Ȼ룬ҲֻѡƷҡͷ̾ħҲ㲻ʱˣҲ֪еľΡ
֪ΪΣƷһʱоĪĲǿЦǺǣôˣֻħúõĻţԺл硣
ϣɡƷ̾һͻȻɫһ⣡
⣿һ㶡
Ǳ鷳ˣƷ
ʲôǣŶŭӿĳٶȣķǡ
ƷҲǸеΪŭħǴһЩʱ䣬ôȥǵ鷳ءڻһľ룬ƷֻܸоǸһ󶯾ȴܲ˭ħǵĻǺԶԶӦˣƷҲǼӿ˳еٶȡ
ಣಣ
Ӱٷǡ
˵ٶȼ죬Ŷ̶ʮӵʱ䣬ƷȱѾƽǡ
ʱ򣬿ĸоǵĸ֮ǱǿϢҵĳͻšƷ絹ǸоϢԴһɡ
ǣȴƷ粻һŭֱ˹ȥ
ֱ֮ǽʣ֮ʱȴͻȻͣסˣȴǲŰĴ
ʱǵϿ֮УӰڼҵĶšײٿѪħչֳǿʵ֮Ե˽һλ׾ߡԿԵüǱѾҪӺ׵ˡ
Ʒ˹һĻЦǺǣãħǣȻֵӦˣ޴ļһû뵽ǻкֵڰɡ
⡭ô£ųôܣԵüΪĳԾӺչֳʵǱԼҪǿʵ̫Խˡ
ȹȥ˵ɣ֪ɻ󣬵һ˵Ʒ˵꣬㼱ٵзȥ
أȥ
ʱеѪħĹλǿߡȻλǿֻ׵ʵƺżĳԹһ㣬ȻȼѪǿʵԲúһʱԽ˸ɱ
ಣಣ
һ׺ݵѪϮλӡ
Ӽţһ߷Ҫƺ׵ķߡ
֮ڣȺѡΪϿմǵӰʵ̫ϤˣȻǺףħ߾ŵľųţŵǣ׾Ȼǻǿߡ
ߣ㵽˭ΪҪ֣ŭʵ
ʵҲǳķŭΪѾûǿˣû뵽ͻȻð˸нǿߣȼѪ֮ƴ
ʱ˼֮УһͻȻޣȻ㣡


1307 
ûǰޣǵ¹ųصλǿߡ
ɫʱһƬҰס
һϤ֮ȴǴΪϲ
ţƷն֣ŷŭֿɫеİޡ
֮ˣƷһֵͬʱ򣬼𾪡
ƷֵܣСȣǿˡЦŭŰ˵һﵽ˭ΪôҪԸǣ
ƷһŰ˵ޣ汰ɰȻǲڸҶǶ֣ҿ治ˣ
ϻɱҴ磡ҾԲŹ㣡ŭ
ƾ㣡Ʒ˫һ裬͵ȥһɿµƷʵǰȼѪҲȫƷĶ֡
ɫһ䣬δӦƷѾ˹űһɿµĻӿ
£޻ӽȥ
䣡
һ죬ֱֲӽеĳΪҽȻϮ˰޵
޾һֵסֻһҽ֮˾ǻΪسͷʣ
𺧣Ե𺧣
ȫˣպռ𾪵һĻһλõǿߣȻ˼ҸһɱˡƷȥǸһƬֺ
Ʒ磡Ʒ磡
ϤƷİ״󹫾붫󹫾бħ߾ŵЩˣúϲ£죬û뵽Ʒʵ˵ı̬ҪӵĿ¡
𣬵ʱ˹󹫾ȷʵԩƷȱ̬ʵһ˹󹫾ҲûƷ
ȻҲԵú𾪣оƷ֮ʵֱǿô࣬һ㽫ȼѪ֮ǿ߶ɱˡ
ȵǲ⣬һȻ˺׵ǰŭ˵ųӦ˵㾹Ȼƭңһֱ˵㣡
Сȣ㡭𼤶ҡһʱ֪νֻͣǾһʱ޷ȥȣϾȷʵԼƭȡ
ʱƷ˹˵ﲻ˵ĵطҸطٺú˵ɣ
ţƷбԳ𸮣ֱӽ״ʱռС
Ȼ䣬ƷǱƾʧˣǵˣȴǸоһ㣬þ޷ѹ
У־һƷҲ̫ˣ˵ҲܸоһȫĿռ䡣
µǣռ֮ڣȻλʶˣȴǿԸоЩ˻Ѿﵽʵ
磡
Ʒ磡
Сϲɫ˹˽뱩ħ˧߽׵ľ磬СǶѾɹͻƵ׵ʵ
ЩˣɵˣóĬ
ǺǣϣͻˡƷЦѾʮ죬ʱռнʮʱ䣬С뷲ܹõͻƲ⡣
ɶ˺ֵܰҪȻôлõأСֵЦ
Ʒ磬˼ҿʧˡִͷɥ˵ʮʱ䣬Ȼûеõͻơ
ʲôãһһЦǺǵ˵ܹͻƵħ˧߽׵ľѾˣϴĻڿ»ǸССħء
ǺǣλиϲǡƷЦЦбԳħЩɶǴджġ
񣡡
˫һ
ϴ󣬻ģ˳һɡ˫˸žЦ
µ˵ɣڻмǳҪ顣Ʒɫڴеȡ
ʱϲɫеСǲſʼע⵽λŮӵĴڣ׷׸еɻ󣬵ԸоλŮӵʵ˵
Ʒ磬λǣ̲סʡ
ǺǣˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ɫһû뵽еλòľŮ
ȷž˹ѹһɸоƭ˰ŭƷƷ磡ÿԺúøҽһ˰ɣ
Ϊû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼ˿µҾԼ֪ĺףʵȻѾﵽнףʵ̫ɻˡ
ƷͷȻһΰĺ˵ֵܣ¾㿪ʼ˵ɣҲҪС֪ˡ
ðɡ˿˵СȣڲŸЩ飬ϣԭҡ
ȳͷ˫źס
ţױ㽫ȵܷӡһ£ȻƷе飬ĸȡ
Щ飬СҲ֮ǰҲ֪˵Щ֮Ҳ𺧲ѣû뵽ȾȻڤĹ
׵Щ֮ʵԼԼǸ߸ϵڤ幫ⶼһ㶼ģ˫۷⣬ź˵ѵʧѾõ𣿡
Դڤ֮ұݴֻû뵽ĳɳô鷳ԲⶼҵĴ˵ţ˫Ѿ˿ˣ˫Ҳڲš
ں״źʱ뿪ڤ֮ʱױݴħ⴦ؼƫԶĵط밲ıȣû뵽ȾȻž˵츳ΪһȻδ֮ǰݱʧˣȻԺΪȵĲ£ȵߡ
壬ңС̫ˡʹţͻȻ˵˺׵ǰıסҪ۰ĺʵ˵塭ҴС޸ĸҵΨһˣΪѾ뿪ҵʱĺʹ࡭
˫۷죬ӷᣬĸ˵Сȣڤ߹Ĺôأ
ҵ壬ԶǣҲŲϡڤĹҲʲôƴҡͷ
ƷǰĴͷǵҲǸе̾Ϣ
ͷСȣͱٹƷֵˣΪá
ͷӺ׵뿪תĨȥеˮһмĳƷ˵лл㣬Ʒ硣
ǺǣԲ֮ǰȷʵҶ飬㲻ҪҾͿˡƷЦЦ
ȻᣬĻҿ¾ҲлˡЦƷĴмġ
Ҳңһ뾡һа취ȥڵʴƷɫᶨ˵
ʵܲܽڵʴҶѾνˣܹϣܹʶǣѾˡЦֻƷʱɫЩĪߺ졣
ϴʵ̫жˣġһ˵
ҹһȥƷֱһŽ߿Ȼ˵ȻᶼѾˣҲúúˡ
˳ͷϾѾղͬˣӭڶǿС


1308 Ԫ
񣬵¹ųҹǣ
ԣƷ뷲˰շ˵¹ųҹǵС׵Ļǰǡ
뽭ֻбǱƷתƵ޸ռ֮С
ʱ޸ռ֮С
һ㵣û뵽ֻһĿռ䡣
Ʒ磬ǣȲʣ뱩Ҳĺ棬⴦ռҲǴδģԸойɼص
ܼ򵥣ҪǵʵƷЦЦбԳһΪн׼ħ׼
Ʒֳ񣬽뱩Ե쳣ļȴһ
Ʒ磬˵ЩܹǿǵʵȲʡ
ȻƷ΢΢һЦ
Ʒֵܣ˵ǲֱ𣿡ʵ
ֻ˵ܹͻƵĻȻǺãΪҵĻЩ鷳޸ռеĻǲж⡣ҪǵʵԺܹȥӦǡƷһɫ˵
Ҳ˼ǣǿЩ񣿡㶵ʣ÷ǳԾӡ
һᴫһֹ񡣡Ʒ˵ڿЦ
Ⱦѡ
ϴ˵ᴫڹʡ
˹Ϊڱ㴫ڹǡƷ˵
ţ뱩㰴Ʒ˼ϥټ״̬СǽֵĻ֪ԲҪдڡ
ƷչҪ뱩Ժ֮УƷĻ磬ڹ׾ٵ顣
ֱ뱩ЩϢ֮ɫԵüΪľ㵣ҲΪϲδţʵ̫̬ˣħҲԲܻд˵
֮ȱ㾪Ʒ˵ѹʵǿô죬ԭȻ
ǺǣҿɲһƷЦЦ㽫еԵݹǣ˵СȣǴӵ¹ϵõģӦÿͻƵһ׵ľ硣ֵܣǻδ֮Ƚʺǡ
벻ұҲܳΪһ߸ϵЦ
˵̫磬ɲô׿յģùĻֱǱҲŻѡǴ޸ռΣԵļʡƷˮ˵
˵ģһ㶣ͻȻήӡ
ǺǣͷİɣƷֵڣ㻹³ʲô¡Ц
һᾡǡƷ˵
ǻãò״ﵽȾ磬ҲŲôˡֹ˵
ûϢƷ۱Ȼһ֣ص˵ǿԿʼˣһῴǡ
˳ͷ
˱㿪ʼйʽȥе
Ȼãʵףʱǳͨ޳κεĲʡ뱩ʵΪ̺̫ǿԸյʱ򣬽ǱоҪ˺ѿһ㣬ʹܡ
ģоҪȻǰˣƷ紫ѵ
뱩ȶǿżʹϵеƷʱ̿Žڵľ޸ռŽ
֮ʱǻԵüΪʹࡣʱƣҲʼӦѾʼ졣
Ʒ簵˿ҲǷˡ
Ʒ˵һ壬صʱռ֮С
ɣƷԳǴõġƷѾﵽԪ֮ҲڣԲӰա
ǺǣҲͻƵԪڰɡƷ簵һЦϥʼʼյһ
̺ȷʵӴ󣬹ϵӿƷڣת֮ΪԪ֮ڵӤ֮С
ǽӤԵ÷ǳļת֮Ʒ絤еĽӤҲڲϵ׳ʵšӤѾƷΪһ壬ƷԴ˾ǶԼӰĺǻ
һյ÷ǳɹӤ֮ǰǿʵ˼֡ԭƷѾ˿ҪͻƵƿͻƵļԽˡ
ã
Ʒ簵ΪһϲֻҪͻƵԪ֮ϺǿߵĻƷҲһİա
Ʒ粢̾ȥյڶ񣬶ȶϢʱռﾲ£ȫյ֮Ʒ緽׼յڶ
ɣƷбԳ˵ڶΪһǳҪͻƹؿڣƷ粻˿ӣȶסڵϢ֮Ʒſʼŵڶ
еʵΪǿͬĳˮһ㣬ӵƷڣϵתΪԪ֮עڵӤ֮С
ƺΪӤ׼ҪͻˣƷо˽ӤǳУƷҲӿա
ȣ
Ʒ簵һеչ֮ʱƷȻʣµһڡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ƷоڱһӴ⣬ƷҲڵԪŨתΪΪһɺƴԪȻ͵Ӥעȥ
ӴڽӤʱƷȻĸоеĽӤǱһ㣬ѹһɼµ
䣡
ͻȻһ죬ƷϱһǿҵĽɫ⻪һǿµƲȻ䳯ӿϮ˿ȥռ䶼ڲ
𣡡
ƷǾްıһϲϵйһɹǿϢͬһȼŶĿĽɫ⻪
ಣ
Ʒǳ貵ӣֱĽâ֮ԽӵǿļӲԸоӿһɺԪ
ڣƷͻˣԪ֮Ԫ֮
ţеĽӤпӶȥ֮ǰ׳ʵӤ̺Ԫʵ̫ǿˡѹħǻʵô󣬴н׵߽׵ʵ߼ֱ֮𣬶ƷԪڼʵǱ߽ס
ȻǼϿħĻƷǶԸӵħ߽ǿߣƷҲһİաӲҪħǿߣƷҲôױɱ
һ
ƷԪ֮Իδọ̈̄ڴ˺𸮽ʱƷſʼ˵Ȼֻ˽µʱ䣬ƷŽʵȹ̵Ԫֻ֮ҪͻԪһĻ¾ûôˡ
ԵƷҲһʱܹͻƵԪ֮ѾˣƷʽˡ


1309 
ৣৣ
ĵϤͻȻֵƷǰ
ǰôƷձչгɣͻȻֵԼǰ
ǺǣϲСִ΢΢һЦ
û뵽ûӣСȻѾͻƵԪڵľ磬ٹ˺հ׻ŽЦ
ǰ˵ЦˣҲô͵õͻˡƷЦá
ǿɶСĸȸЦ
ҵĸƷһ㶣ſʼϸȥüͷͻȻ㵵˵ǰǣ
Сؾȣ޿ռ䱾СľƣСʵǵȻҲܵһĴЦ
⻰ƷνǴΪϲʵħͨǿ߻Ҫ΢ǿһЩĴֵĻԸһλнǿ߾Բ⡣ҳĴ֮޿ռҲʵȻѾ߱ħ˧߽׵ʵ
˵ƷӵеɾǱ̬ˡ
̫ˣм鷳ŲöԸأλǰĻ˴μƻʤɾʹˡƷϲЦ
Сģҵȶ˹֣ƺͻȻ뵽ʲôֵˣмһֱҪ㡣
ǰ˵Ʒ
΢΢ͷ˵СʹõǴŶ֪˾ħԺأСεõģ
Ʒ£û뵽ǾȻʵĻصԶ˵еһλʦϰá
ⲻܣԵ÷ǳ󣬰׻ͬɫ֡
ôܣѵǰ⣿Ʒ粻ʡ
⵹ûУֻ켫ħ켫ħơüͷص
켫ħ켫ħƷɻ󲻽⡣
ģ켫ħԭ֮ħ֮סʱ켫ħƾа켫ħݺ硣ϧ켫ħ˵У켫ħСżƣеĻǾԲӵȿħġһɫ˵
ѵǵû˵еЩ𣿡ƷȻʣʵƷѾЩˣڷ½֮Уô˿µΪλֻԼδĵʦĦ˹һ˲ӵأ
ѵžܣ
Ȼ֪˵飬Դ޿ռ֮ƺ䶼ӡˡǶָоǾУԭе磬ܽһµΣСܹﵽ˵ľ磬Ȼɽ⿪еɻ󡣡˵
ΣƷ粻ɿʼ˼ʵƷҲ벻ףԼΪܹõԭλǿߵİкڤڤ֮УԼƺһЩĪϵһ𣬶ЩƷȴԵúʡ
ƷҲֻܾ𸮵һռ䣬ЩܼλǿˣʱӦеⶼԽ⿪ˡ
뵽ڴˣƷЦˣھǶ֪Ҿ͸ȥ͸ˣǺúŬɣȴﵽǵȾ磬һоȻˡ
ǺǣǶСϾҲɻֻЩԻԺͽſɽ⿪ˡ΢΢һЦ
һġƷͷ
ƷǴк֮󣬱ת뿪ʱռ䡣
ʱ޸ռС
Ʒʱռг֮ʱһաȻУҲҪյʱ侲ޣƷѰ˼ǵ飬΢۲ǵľ֮ת뿪𸮡
ڣΪƷз֮һɱ֮ȫǣǵ˿ɾڳĴǴ̸ŹƷ飬޲ݡ
ɼ䣬Ʒƺж༸ɲ֮֮Ȼ࣬ҲƷʵ־һ֡
֮ƷһνӴҲƷǳȤܹͳʮ˳ǵ֮õԽԽࡣ
Ʒбչسֱħ߾פصܲҡ
֮УСɫأһЩֵ飬¾
һ£Ʒ֮С
Ʒֵܣ
磡
Сһϲɫ
ڼƷʱֵĸоƺǰֵĴоƷͻȻò̫һˡﲻһһʱ˵
СΪƷԼޣȻƷĸоҪȺ֪࣬ͻȻСԵüΪȵĶƷʵ磬㡭ǲͻˣ
ͻƣⲻŹһѡ
ǺǣȷʵͻˡƷЦ
ƷֵǡͻȻŰĶƷ磬Ʒԭн׵ʵͻ˵ĻǾǣ
߽ףͬȼǿߣ
ȻͻˣǶϺĻҲ˵ʮİաƷ˵ȼħ֮һߣƷҲܿ϶˵ܹԸ
ˡͻȻ˵ƷֵܣյϢãǻŲ֪Ӧء
ʲôϢƷʡ
һħѾǣħƳǵħħǵħϢ˵Ҫݷ㡣˵
ǺǣȻϣһҪ˼ˡƷ¶Цݣʵǵ¹ųҹʲô⣿
⵹ûУħҲóȻǰȥ׻ص
ǻأƷʡ
бħˣѾ˴Ϣ˵Ҫպݷ㡣׽üͷ˵Ʒֵܣ˿ɶˣǸô죿
򵥣ȻôϲҵǾ޻أƷݰЦЦ
ƷֵܣҪͬʱǿˣʵӦɣһص˵
ǲöԸǿԽħ֣֮ȳħǡȳħǣԸҲͲôˡƷհЦ
Ʒֵܣкμƻʵ
ƻûУҵԺúȥݷħǣһʵԽǵְæȳȥħǡƷݺݵ˵
ܹȥħǱȻǺã˵ħǱܻܿǺ壬ҵġһء
Ǻǣ㵹صģ˵ﻹڷħĵؽأǺв֮ģҲôôĶƷЦ
ƷסСһЩ֮󣬼̱ǰǡ


1310 
ǡ
ԴƷܳȥ֮黹δ¶
ȻħħеʱȻ㷢е⣬˵Ҳ֪Ҳ⵽˲⡣
֮ںħǰȥ֮ʱŶѾµˣ¹˵Ʒ﷭ˡ֪飬ǺҲҲ᷸ŵƷȥǵ顣
ħǣħħڴ˴
ϾƷر֮ǰرԸκһԲܵƷ磬Ȼ뾡һа취ȥ£Ʒ硣ħҲǺܸӵĽϢȥȻħǵȴƷ紫Ϣ
ʵҲħǸеΪջ⻰ѾȥˣȻһ㶯ûУⲻԾǲ
ಣ
ƷħУѾӦ⹬дɴﵽǿϢټĹ֮УҲֻħħˡ
ȻƷͷųڵϢ

ħ˶ٶһһ¼̱ѭƷͷųϢԴȥ
ţħǾȵǣû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼҵ
ǺǣλáƷЦĴк
һ㶣ӦħЦǺǵ˵ԭƷֵܴݹ٣ʧ񰡡
˵ʧӦ˵ңΪҪδܼʱλϢڵλҾôŹҶλˣҲҪλ̡Ʒص
롣ħѺõ˸ʽ
ţƷħȥǹǵ飬˫ĬһֲᣬϾǻ˺顣
У˸
ƷӵŷǱȵ֮ϵϢεĺܺãħǸͿ͸Ʒʵ
֮ħƱ㳯Ʒ̽ԵЦʵǺǣƷڵպ˵֮£ڿǵˣ
ΪҶλƷص
ħһϲϣˡ
˼ǣħƲʡ
ǺǣһصĿǣѾˣܹħĻ˵Ǵ洦ġƷ粻εĻЦ
Ʒܹ֮룬ҲˡħЦƷ翪ڳ֮ʱ˱һֱڲĦƷɫһ˫ӵмӣҲûзƷʲô⡣
ǰǺ֪Ʒ˼Ҳǻǳ˵ġħЦ
Ǻǣ˵ҲԼˡƷЦЦ˵ɣһǳҪ飬Ҫλ
Ʒֱ˵ǶħˬʵĻص
¹ħǵ顣Ʒ˵
ħǣħħһ㶣ɫ
ħںΧܻǲƷһ֣ص˵
ûεᣬħҲ̫ˣħƺݺݵ˵
һԳǵĻ֪λɷȤƷʵ
ǣħһ㶡
ģ֮ħǻҳǰݷãʱҪطһǳѵõĻᣬܹ˻ȥǵĻ˵Ǵ洦ġƷ˵
ȷʵһѵõĻᣬ¹شǱûȥʾԲ˼ڻܸ𸴡ħƳصĻص
ðɣΪ˴£ǾˣҹҡƷ繰ֵҾȸˡ
ôħƵ
ǺǣǾõĻҲûȥúòһƷЦ
Ҳãģһᾡ𸴡ħƻص
Ҿ͵ǵĺϢƷ˵꣬뿪ħǡ
Ʒ뿪֮ħԵüΪ󣬿˼ֹƷ絽ʲô⣿ôͻȻҪȥԸħǣ
ȷʵǸѵõĻᣬܹ˻ȥħǣ˵кôġħ˵
ħ˵ħֵܣʱٻȥʾˡ
ħƱҴҵĸħǡ
ʱƷѻصС
СһƷæʵƷֵܣôôͻˣΣ
ڻ֪Ƕкô飬ҲԲλᡣƷص
磬أСʵ
ǵʵҲɱ¶ȥȻǾԻỳɡƷص
磬㿴ҶôˣѾþûиһˣģܸܲҸᰡС˫˵
Ժû𣿡ƷСһɫ˵ҪȳȥħǣȻٶԺ֣ǲбȽϴʤ㡣
ˡСصֻʱеսˡ

ԼĪ˽졣
ʱħڸϻħǡ
ڣڱչ֮УħƲúء
֮󣬱һʱ֮УɫÿϾչб˸;ˡ
һħƣûøɫʵʲô£ȻҪҳء
ħƾһ亹źѾŭ𣬱ֵ̿ĻصڡˣǹƷ顣
ޣƷ磿ħ⻰еŭ˼֣ʵôһ￼ǵˣ
ԼѾûˡħƻص
û⣿һ㶣˼˻üͷ˵Ʋ⣬һǳ飬ҲӦòôˬʹӦ
룬λΪƷҪ̡ħƻص
ʲô£ʡ
ħƱƷ̸Ļһһĸ֪˺
֮ϸϸĳ˼ãɻ˵ȻҪȥԸħǣⲻ̫ܰɣʲô
ˣҹ֮أؼƫԶħܹǰȥݷƷĻȻǸѵÿֵĻᣬڳҲԲ˵Ǻкô顣ħ˵
㶮ʲôħƣ˵ƷħԸǵˣ˵ǻô
ħһ㶣Ȼû뵽һ㣬ֵӦûɰɣдڵĻʲôҲǴĶְ
һҡҡͷɫ˵֮ʱħǽ֮ʱұоħм⣬һħʹõħǼħˣҲûнǸƵ̫
ħħɫ
ⲻ֣ħںᣬܹӵħ֡ص
ǸΣǾܾƷ𣿡ħʵ
⵹أҵǶǺܸȤƷǽõ˼ȻǺãһħв֮ĵĻһûΪ͹ҵʵҪ۵ġɫ˵
Ǵ˵˼ǣħʡ
ȥɣƷ˼ҴӦˡص
ǡħƹһˡ
ħߺ󣬺ЦǺǣƷ磬ɱ𹼸Ҷ͡


1311 ħǰ
ʱƷҴұصУСڽĵȺš
һƷСæʵ磬Σ
ûˣܿħǱҸˡƷЦ
Ʒֵܣ½ƻĻô𣿡ʵ
ǺǣɲһﲻţϾȷʵҪȥԸħǣֻԲ뵽ǾȻǶѡƷһЦ
˵õûǺϾʵǿҵ㲻Ķ֡ǰ˵ϾƷų߽֮Ѿõĺ˵ȷʵҪࡣ
ǲǶǵ֪Ʒ˵ǻ֪Ʒ绹˿µĿħ
Ǿͺú׼һ°ɡ˵
ҲãҾҹȥˡƷص
Ʒֱӱҹǡ
ҹǣѱƷƿء
ʵÿһ˵ı任ѾǳϰԵ⣬Ծ鼧ˣҹҲ˶ֶҡ滻һλʵǿ˵ǻӵĸˣħбһʵ硣
ܿ죬ƷҹУֱҵҹҲǷǳģƷҲƻ˳֪Ȼǰ¹ų뷲˴һ𣬾Բܱǵ˲Ʒص
Źһգħħܰݷҹǡ
ȻƷ룬ѾӦԼļƻȥħǡ
˵𲻴Զ֣ƷԻᰵȻҲǲħħЭԼˣãƷʵ˼Ҳܼ򵥣ǾҪħǵǺôͲֵĻҪ˷ˡ
֮ħħ㰵ǱҹǵĸֻҪҹһжĻǾԻ֡
ԣƷҹУȴħǵĵá
Ͼʱ仹нգΪ˱Ʒص𸮴ռбһǿҪΪþǶԸ
ǵʱбĻƷ絣ĺǻԼ֣дռΪϵĻƷмİնԸ
ùǣħû뵽Ʒ羹ȻǺԸǣж׶༪ˡ
ҹǣҲܽ͸һӣԾ﷢ĻҲôױҾǱˣħǴаݷҹǣҲɱ˵ҹǣҲ˵ͨġ

̶գŶ
գҲħǵõӣƷıҹǵȺš
ڴħܵãԲҪųУƷ֮Ⲣˡ
ʱƷС
ƷоԶĹǿϢаأħǡ
ֻǣħٽҹеʱ򣬽ԵѲ˼޲ر֮󣬷ҹǵȥ
ৣৣ
һӰƾУħǵʵ׾ٵĳв֡
ȻƷҲòʧˡ
һ£Ʒƾħǵǰ
ǺǣӭλãδԶӭʧˡƷЦ
ƷˣҪ˵ʧĻҪҵȺˡħЦ
ħ˵ЦҲλҹѡƷЦЦ˸ʽ˵λһ
ǾͲˡħЦ⣬ƷѺãǴá
ħ˱Ʒһͬȥ
˵ħǶƷĺøвħȻԵ÷ǳĽѲ˷û뵽澹ȻһûУ˵ʲôˡ
ԣħǶƷľҲࡣϾΪԼʵƷ磬ƷҲûɻǲ
֮Ʒ̲һ磬ȻħЦǺǣᣬҲûб˼ΪԷһԾͱǸˡ
޷ħصʵħǷģƷҲǺӽ̸֮еĿҲܻ˳һЩ
ƷĿҲܼ򵥣ǾҪ̽ħǱоħǴеĿġ
ţħһһȻƷ̸ΪĵȻħΪˡ
Ʒ΢΢ѲһħˣҲʼѰ˼˻ֱӵЦʵλ֪ν°ݷã
Ǻǣ֮ʱƷվҵΪ壬ԱƷѡħ΢΢һЦ
Ʒһصħ⻰ɾҺˣλӻЦˣѶֶ˵ʵ̫ˣƷܲ𰡡
ƷͱǫˣʵǿɶĿãƷΪѵĻǵҡħЦ
ħ⻰ɾ͹ˣƷҵܹܵλʶƷ絹ǾƷǫĻصϿ˹
ô˵ĻƷֵܵӦ˰ɡħϲЦƷĳƺҲֱӱˣֵΪơ
Ȼ˵Ƿǳҵ顣Ʒص
ƷֵܹȻˬԺʲôҪĻҲͱǿˣҵȶħͷ
ԺλɾҪչˡƷЦȴѰ˼ţħ˵ĿҲʵ̫ˣԽĻƷҲµħǵ˼
ȻħЦЦͻȻɫֵƷֵܣȻѾˣǲһЩ顣
ħֱ˵Ʒ
Ǻǣ˵֮ǰҲҪ֪ƷֵĿħ̽ԵʵҲڰĴĦƷ˼
˵ĻҶ˵ҷǳ⡣ƷһɫĻصϾ˽磬ƷҲܵԼ
Ҳ˼ħ˵ͷ̾ϧħǵ̫ǿڳ֮ơ˴ҲˣⲻžҪѹԴٰڳ֮УѾʮλȥĻҿԺʮ˳ǵضħǵˡ
ȷʵħ̫ڰˡƷߵ˵
ǰڳ֮ܵħ˳İڿ֮ڳǼѲʱʢħŭɫƷѵƷֵܣҾͲֱ˵ɣ˴ı̫ڳɫԺǵԣһᣬǵƷֵ㡭
ҾӦòɣҿеʱ򣬺ҲûʲôġƷص
Ǻǣ֮ʱʾãǶƷֵҲ˰ڿذɣħϺЦ
Ʒ簵һЦĻɡ


1312 ͻɱ
ħôʵĻζġ
ƷѰ˼˻Ȼ˵ƷȻֻһ֮㣬Ҳô˰ڿصˣرҲܵˡ
ǺǣƷֵܿ־ͬϰħ΢΢һЦƷı̬Ǻ⡣
־ͬϣƷüʣħˡƷ֪ħ˵ʲô˼
ƷֵܣҾֱ׵ɣ˴ζƷֵ֮ܽ⣬ƷֵһͬȥԿħǵǲĻһɾûǵĺùӳˡħЦ
⡭Ʒԥˣ˵ħҲ֪ħǵǿ󣬾ʵȥħǵ⡣ʧ˵Ļǡ
Ʒֵܣ㵹صģǻǿĺԮֻǻһʱ䡣ֻҪʱˣһٴݻħǵħԵ÷ǳŵ˵
ԮҲǺܶƷ粻ʵ
ƷֵܣȻҪ㽻ãҲгġħЦЦʵ֪壿
壡ƷһȻʵѵ
ûħ˵ܵ˺ľˣ֮Уҵʹõаɺ͡ƷֵԸǺĻҲܵľˡ
Ʒ˼˻˵˵Ը⣬Ͼڷħĵؽ磬ǿ󣬵ҲóȻַħĵؽɣħвѶ¹ȹ𣿡
򣿡ħҡҡͷ˵Դ֮ǰڤħսλħе߾ʹ伣ڶħ˵ѲǽֻһͿøħĵؽгˡħڱչ֮У֮ضأʱһռ¶ʮ˳ǵĵؽ磬ǷħڵĻҲǺħ˵Ķ֡ϣƷֵܹúÿΪħЧĻȻǶкôġ
ĻҲûҪȥħǵͻɣƷ˵
ܹпסʮ˳ǵҲɼٺܵʧҲǿЧҵĻᡣ룬Ǵ˼ƻɹĻħһʹǵġħЦĻص
롣Ʒ粻Ѱ˼ǻħǵǰ
ħֵƷֵܣǿǵѲҪرչ㣬㵣ĺĻ㵹ɷģֻҪٹһЩʱգǱȻа취Ը
취ʲô취Ʒʡ
ǺǣǶ˵֮󣬺رǰɣħЦʵ
Ʒ£ħǵϢͦͨģҲ֪ħҲӦħǵڹƷ绹˳ħĻصǵģȷʵܵ˺롣
Ͷˡħ˵һãıֳɫʾãҪ£֮ġ
⵹ûûӦڻڿСƷ΢΢ͷ˶ЦǺǣѾǵúˣҲûȤ
Ʒֵܵľ϶ǶԵġħЦԴЧں֮󣬵õ洦࣬Ʒֵʵձܵõħ˵á
õǲ˵ֻҵġƷ¶һɫ
Ǻǣ㵹صģȻôҪ£ĻǴȥԸǡħЦ
ʲô᣿Ʒʡ
ܼ򵥣˵Ҫ㿼⿼ܻܲǼɣٹһЩʱգɽ˻Ὣʱа취Ըħص
ԵĻ˵˵ʲô취𣿡Ʒ˵Ͼǵʵ̫ǿҲûЩ˽ΪԼǡ
ħ΢΢ͷ˱˴ѰһۣȻħƷһɫ˵ʱĻǱõİԺʵؿɶԸǺҹǵĻĻ˵⡣
Ʒһ
ҲǺ峤λںħֻںҲڱչ֮УٹЩʱգؿʵʱɾоԵİնԸ𡣡ħ˵
ƷԵúܾȣĺúݣбˡǿҪùˣɲô򵥡
뵽ڴˣƷϴǵ˵ɣ¹شҵûȥúһΣ
ƷֳԽĹ˼ɣħǱͻԽмơ
ҲãҲеʱ䣬͸ЩƷֵܺúÿǰɣƷĴһźġħЦ˵
أƷԻúÿƷص
ǺǣǾ͵ƷֵܵĺϢˡħЦЦֵƷֵܣǻҪҸˣնݷá
λһ̰ɡƷװЦֻħǲ޲Ʒвӹһ⡣
Ʒֵܿˣǿɾ鷳ˡħЦ
ƷħһͬҹǵϿ֮С
ʱħЦǺǣƷֵȤĻҲһͬǰȥҳһۡ
´ΰɡƷص
ҲãǰݷõĻǱضħ΢΢һЦ
ǾлˡƷЦ֮ѾʼѾ֪ħǵĿģƷ統ȻҲ׼Ҫˡ
ؿˣǾȸˡħֻ
ţ͵ħǼתȥһ̡Ʒ˫һ裬Ŀס˺衣Ϊ֮УںشŶ̶̼յʱ䣬ԲôͿԻָƣħ֮Уڵʵġ
£ƷͻȻһ
ħһ㶣δӦ
Ȼ
ݡһ
һɭĽͻأϮһٶѾ쵽˷ǳ˼ľ磬˾֮£ټħǾûϵʱ˻֡
ֲأħ⧲

辪ֵıͻͫףĿ֮УһƷӰԺ۷״̬ʵԶԶƷĶ֣˵ֻƷ͵Ϯ֮¡
ͣ
һѪ罦ɭһֱںؿйᴩֱӽؿڵ˳
ħ˾ŭĵɴ˫ۣ뵽ֵ˻Ʒ硣

ҽһؿϱһȭͷСѪžŭصĴӸ߿׹ȥѪꡣ
裡
ħͬʱһȻŭĳƷݺݵȥ
ƷЦ⣬ֺոʻ񣬵ⲻѵЦħǣƺһǱƺһ㡣


1313 ħʵ
ò˵ƷȷʵƵúܺãŪħãȻͻȻôһ֣ħǸǷʤ
𾪵ǣƷ羹Ȼһɱ˺衣ǺˣյĵϢҲָ߰˲ˣôƷһֵס
תǷŭħǸһ㶼û뵽Ʒ羹ȻǺɱ֣Ǳк̣ħѾĸ˹ں飬Ʒƾʲô⵨ɱǣ
飡һ
ʬصڳУȺʱ˿ֻš
˲ɷ׷̧ͷһ߿մĵӰǳԾǣĵӰǿߣΪҲֻдﵽʵܴﵽĸ߶ȡ
Ʒ磡ʲô˼ħŭ˱ټֳе׷ŭ۽Ʒ磬ɱ졣
Ǻǣûʲô˼Ȼ˵úҺĶϧǣڴ֮ǰѾħǵˡƷһЦ𽣡
ߣƷ磡ҿǲ֪Ϊõħǵıӻܻ뿪𣡡ħߵŭѡ
ҿǻûưɣҾȻǣѵҾͲ׼𣿡ƷհЦЦ
ħ˲һ㶣ͬʱ˹ãмˣ
ħҿλҲɣһʵЦ¿մ㼱ٵıӰħħ磬ƷһͬΧסħǡ
֮ˣΪ󾪣ôͻȻ侹ȻðλǿߣҹǵϿ֮Ѿӵλǿߡ
ħƣħ磡Ȼǣħ˵ҲֻħħѣħҲ޾ɫο豻ɱħô¡
ȻǿѹʱˡħһЦͬʱֶƷʵеΪĳԾǻǵĻȥ͵Ϯ裬ҲƷɴĽɱˡ
ȻƷȥ裬ħȻǶƷζȴ
ħƣǱΪӻǣܺʶľ̹бҪƷúħħв
˼ֻҪƷֵܵ£ǾҲͦοƷֵˣԿҪʧˣħƼ䵭Ļص
ɣħŭɫƷ磬ݺݵ˵Ʒ磡Ҫ׼ˣݡҸ㣬Ϊεѡڣ
ǺǣƷͲЩʲôҺڵ£Ҫ˵ڵĻӦӦøеڲݷҰɣΪＴͻΪǵ֮أƷЦ
һ֮أҵҪúһļһħеĳâʢֲϢһɹǿƲӿϮ
ƷǽľоħħĲɫԵЩء
ʱħưĶƷ紫ƷֵܣǵþסħǣȺǵˣǾͱɣ
Ʒ΢΢ͷħһ߶ħǴħħֶԸħһᾡסǵʤȽϴ󣡡
ʵƷ֪ħܻһǿʵǰĻƷǾԲħϵģƷڵǳȤƷ㹻ɱǡ
ħǿۼƷɱ˺裬ԾƷĻҲܣħսթ׶ԸħҲֵĻܹʱѹסħ
ţħħͷӦƷ硣
Ʒ簵һЦȵɱ
ȻƷɱȥ
ħŭƷ磬޲ýƷǧУħƺƷ簵һ㣬ħҪĿҪӭɱƷ֮ʱħħȴĵħǰ
ħǺúһĸаɣħƳһֽź߽׺轣˵ɱħ
ħƿɲͬսܵѪ£ħƵʵҪѪǿʱϺĻħҲһܡ
ݣ
ħҲֳһϬĳҲǴﵽ߽Ʒħǽͬ죬ħֵĻǼǿ
ħҲ˿֮ģа磬еӭħˡ
ն
ħһݺݵĳųеħŭն˹ȥ˺һ޳ĺâϮħԵ衣
ħмӵſԴǿа磬ħǿƵһκΪһӰɵ˿ȥ
ħһ֪ħаĸ֮ٶޱȣ˱һǰһһ𣬾ܣԲܱħɢ
ৣৣ
һȵĲӰħκ֣ϵħǵƽĴƺһµɱ
ħħ˫۽亹ħȹƻĶ֣Եʮֵľġ
ɱңǻһĴħͻȻֵħǵǰƺѾõһһɿֲľħǵֱն˹ȥ
ħǷӦӦħһϮƵȫӭ
ݣݣ
ħ˫ֳֽرе׺轣ź߽ĻȹʵΪǿâΪһ㣬ħŭһ˫ֱն˹ȥ
ħҲʾӭħһеͬй켣ֽųǿҺڹķǽŭȫһħͬʱӭħһն˹ȥ
ԸħֵĹħаµĸȫԱܿħǵĹħƺҪâ˼Ƿŭĳħǳĺն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ɾײͬʯײһ㣬̼㱬޾ľˣֲϢӿϮƵҹǶ졣
ҹһƬңȺӣս֮£˵ħħ˧ǿҲüβߡ
ʱħħһʱ򣬱㾪ĸоħһֲԵħħŽƬ̣ܲסħһ
䣡
һ죬ӴĹ֮Уħħ羪һԵЩǱıħһݺݵ˳ȥ
ǿôܣ
ħɫֱܴ֮ӲµȻħĶ֣ʵҲ̫ˡԵʱеı֣ħ¶ʵҪʱǿ

һߣƷҲħħ·磬ԵüΪĳԾħǵʵǿôͲħĶأ
ħĿɱˣɫ˫ħǣȻǼһ￴ҵĻҾɱ
Ҳ̫СˣħŭɫħٴβţħĶš˵˵ħǵɫԵüΪأΪǶѾȫ͹ħʵ


1314 
˿̣ҹеľ֮Ѵ˸أҲڵ¹ųǵĸΧѡ
СǶѾоսѾʼˣǸûҪֻ֣Ҫʱ׼þͿˡ
ʱҹʮ֮أĺɫӰ
ˣѾʼˣѵǡһ˲˵Ǻҹ峤ҹһλǺˡ
ǺǣƷʵټħǵĻӦסħǡ𵭵Ц
ˣҲǺ⣬Ȼ˵ĻĻǶԸħǻֵΪȴҪأҹԵΪ
Ҳ̫Сħʵˡ
ħѵҲ˼ʵ𣿿еʱ򣬴˲ֹôǴĶ֣ҹʵ
ħΪգӦϢҲò٣һʹõħǼħ˼ɵıǼħĻص
ħҹһ㶣ص˵ħħĻƷǺΣգ
ΣգǿԱӦû⡣ħȻӵħôȥĻʱԶԸĻɾ׶ˡƷĻʵ˵ڴһȫΣһҲĻǾһҲˣհ˵
ǺǣǴܵҹЦʵͶƷܲʹˡ
˫۽һ˼ӣӸղƷһ͵Ϯɱ֮ʱѲˣǶȷǳǱǺݲһɳӽһ㡣

䣡䣡
һ죬ħħü֣Եľǣħħ·硣ħһʵħҲ֧Ų˶á
˵ħҲǷǳģ˵ûйڸǱţħñʵȥԸ
ʹˣħҲԻħĶ֣Ͼħʵ̫ˣħҲѰһɢħǣһˡ
ƷǱߵĻħﻹǺԸΪֵĻԸƷ⡣
ʱƷ罻һ£һߣĶš
Ʒ᲻֪ڸſϷˣΪ˲úɣƷǲҶʵԸҲû⣬ֻҪķѵʱѡ
Ʒ磡Ǻ㽻ã㾹ȻԸǣħ֮УֱɵС˾ֻˣŭĶƷ˵ָŹħǹ˸ɭơ
У˵õͦģǻΪҪȥԸǽãʵ˵Ҷʵ̫ˣǻ˵óڣƷ֮ԱǣΪм
˶ΪԼʲô˲ڲǺµһѣŭһŹħǹֱ嵽Ʒǰһ̣
ݣݣ
ħǹһâȥ磬ܼ꣬ƺͲƷκδϢĻᣬͣϵļƷ硣
ƷɫƽŹħǹҹƷֻݱâȰӣħǹĹƼȴһǹûдƷ硣
쵰ֻ𣡡ŭеĹƱԽңǹǹȫʹȫԡ
ƷһˣƼգȴֹ˹ȥŭеĹ磬ѰֵĻᡣ
ȻҲûţƷ类ס͵͵ƽƷ
ߣңô𣿡Ʒ簵һе𽣲ɽڵԪһС
еа˪ܣ֮ʱƷѼʶЯĹ˪˪ҲԵֿסοƷ绹ǿʵ
ԣƷмԼ͵ϮĴڣŹйħǹҹ
ɫһݣٽƷ֮ʱȻ֮䣬ͻȻٵֽ˪ܣһӴ˪֮
˪ѹ
һ;ɭ˪˪ܣͬһɽһ㣬Ժѹ֮ʱĶƷֱȥ
ƣ͵һҵĹʮķâƷȥΪþƷûʱȥĹ
󣬹û˻ȥҲܵ˪ܵĲ
䣡
麬뺮˪˪ܣѹֲ֮ľѹѾȫסƷڵĿռ䣬֮ͬУƷҪѵĻѣοй֮ʱһҹϣ翴Ʒڽˡ
Ʒ缫ǲмһԷ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒ˲һǿķ
飡飡
һķâϮƷķ֮УһƬ⻪һĹȻƷķסˡ
羪ȲѣѼʶƷǹħû뵽Ȼ˵ı̬ȻԼȫµһԵɵĵסˡ
ʢŭѣԸ˪ܵǿصĺƷķ֮С
䣡
һ죬һӴĹⲨ˪ܳѹ˷֮УһɹǿĳƷķ
Ʒ΢΢һ벻˪ܾȻеĻҪ֣ԷķЩֵסˡ
ȻƷǺ޾ɫЦǺǣȤ
ͬǾ֣˪ܿǾŷһ˵ƷʱҪݻٵĻʲô¡
ǣʵǿ̫̬ˣܵһҲ㹻ݻƷķ
һΪ˪ܵжǿأҲ˶ѡƷԼȥ̼
ŭѣƷôһ˵ŭֱǻɽ緢һ㣬һʰŭһٶڵӿ˪С
䣡
һ죬˪ܵǿ˼֣ƷķҲѹ˼֣ѾʼһЩѺۡ
ξǿˡƷ˪ܵѾȤܹе˪ܣƷʹõĻЧ
ŭţĲע˪У˪̸ǵ򣬳һɾ޴µѹĺ˪ÿռ½˼µȡ
Ʒɫ⽣ΪΣѾ׼Ҫȥˣ˪ǾסƷġ
䣡
һըװľ죬Ʒķڳܲס˪ܵĳȻ䱬ը˿⻪䣬ֲƲ˰ӿɢ˿
δü⣬㾪ĸоϿմһɿµϢһΣյϢ
͵һתͫױ
ûƷ硣
ôܣ㣡ɵˣ֡
һ׼ĹҲˣղǼƷ类еа˪ܸѹˣôƾռðϿմ
⽣ΪΣ壬Ʒеֶһǿƿ֮ƣݺݵϮ
ݣ
һʵ̫ˡ
֮䣬ԵüΪִٵķӦ˹е˪ܻδȫֻһ벻ֻʵӭһĵȥ
أһ
ص˪Уټ㼤һĹƣֲľ֧Ƭ̣ٵֵס

ʹһѪȴǵ˳ȥе˪Ҳŵ˳ȥ

羪һŹħǹ׼ɱȥ
ֻǣٶˣƷӰٵӵ˪ǰһֱӳУŽסһһܣԵ䲻
ɫͣ˾ȫ
˵ƷԼ˪ܣɵסˣɷǺЦ


1315 
𺧣Ʒ羹Ȼ˪ܡ߽սﱻֶȥǷǳԵ⣬ʹ˪ܵĿȨ
Ǻǣʵ̫лˣҾͲˡƷóѰЦЦ㽫˪ܸС
һ㶣ѭ˪ܵϢӦȥ㵵ǣȻ˪ܵκϢȫӦˣǱƷ˿ռָҲԻܸӦõ˪ܵϢѾȫʧˡ
ҲɵסˣһĻʵ̫ˡ
Ͼ𸮿ɲԶͬڿռָһȫԵĿռ䣬˪ܵϢѾȫˡ
ڣֻҪٽȥô˪ܾͻƷˡ
ãӾзӦ㷢ŭ쵰˪ܣ
ʧȥ˪ܣѾҲûǿаʵдôܻƷĶ֡
㣿ƷһЦֵԼá
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ƷҲˣħѾҪħˡǻ֣ħǱȻܣʱħûɱԼ
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͵ģƷ˫һ裬ŹҵĹƣƷѾʼչ˷

һĽ֮죬Ʒ𽣣ҲüΪ;Ҳڰǿš
ΪɫôͻȻоƷʵǿˣ


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ʵҹƷҲǷǳģܹȥħλֳаǿߣǺҹԶԶ޷ġ

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ħǹӶȴǽеƷ֮ĲӰպѾȫ˿ˡ
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ӾзӦ֮ʱһϤɭԼĶ˽ӽĻ˹˼ҲҪˣ

籩ѣȴǾֵķ֣ԼǱһɿµסһ㣬Ȼ޷Ȼһɭ⣬һֱڣٱԼؿУĺݺݵĲһ¡
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ֻǣֵǣҪħǵӲ


1317 ħ£
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ħʮ֮Զħʵٿغɷʵ̫ˣôʹħѾܲסˡ
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ƷܴȴԵúƽߵȻ㶼ֵĻɾ͵Ҫˣ


1318 Ѫս
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ħɫһղһȥʵ̫ˣôһ˵ħžֵĸоԼڵڼʧš
Ƿɣ
ħǿҲǺܴħʵѾٷӳɷˣ⵽ħķɡ


1319 ħ
벻ֶλ֮ࡣƷ簵ǺвٵĶƻҲʱıˡ
ңƷڵĸӦ⸽˺ҹ֮⣬仹𻹰żǿϢ
ƷĻ죬Ʒܹо
ƷҪڳȥħ֮ˣƻҲһЩˡ
Ʒѵõ˲ٵֻҪԼЩ񣬵ʱʵҺҲȻǺ˵ľͿɽħƷ绹лġ
ƷʲôأԵĺҹɳƷʡ
Ʒӳ˼о˹ɫĻصҵĺ
Ǻǣ㵹ɷģħԲǺĶ֡ҹһЦ
ҾͷˡƷ΢΢ͷ
ҹƳƷ磬ͻȻƷƺһ㣬ߣһҿǺ˶ˡ
ʱħĶš
ߣʵ𣬵Ҳûеôųħһֻ˺ɷǲܷӳɷϾɷҲһħǷǳǿġ
ϾħֻаϵĻħ
ҲУеѻ꽣âʢ
ʵѾȲʤȯˣħҲʱԵ⡣ֻħܲģǻҲԲú׵ĺù
ݣ
һħӽ۶֮УЯǿɷŭ˺
˫һ裬Ȼ壬ΪӰż˹ȥ
ಣಣ
˵ٶȼޱȣԲ׽ͬеĹ켣˴Գ䣬һ˲飬˱Ѿһ
Ȼ˼ͬʱûκεĻΣֱӲӲĶԻ˹ȥ
䣡
˫Ӳ۵Ĺ⻪һ˵ĻѸٵɢ˿ȥ
ɷԲģ֮Уƺܵ˼ڴʮ֮Զ޶Ӱ졣
ϵѻ꽣ʮ㣬ںɷĶ֮У֮һɿµ֮ħ״̬ʵܡ
ħɫһ£һ㱻˳֮Զ
ߣɷҲ˶ѡһǲм
쵰ħŭһܵ˺ķ̣ħǷͳ˹
ৣৣ
֮УֳһȵĲӰаĸ֮£ħ죬˵ħżǵġӸղŵĶ֮УԾħ˿ħҲֱӲƴˡ
۴֮⣬΢΢һҲһӰ
ɼĴǲӰţ˵ӵ˼£˫䶼ѰֵĻᡣ
ÿ죡Ʒ簵Ϊľħʵ²ԼԸоǣĻҪռЩϷ硣
˵Ļħǰܶˡ

һĽŵĺӰͻȻǣħĹסˡ
ħն
ħͻȻһס˺ζὣһնǿĽͬ˺Ƴһ㣬ݺݵն˺
΢΢һ͵һеѻ꽣ֶűһȣħѻն
֮䣬ǿһӭű˴˼˹ȥ
䣡
һ춯ذ죬ǿ͵Ľһ˫֮ռ䶼ѿһ㣬͵ӿ޴Ļ
ħŭһźɷ𽩳ţ֮עںɷֲɷٶȼħѾƴˡ
üͷһ壬ɫһһǿѻ꽣Уӭźɷɷӿȥ
¡¡
죬⻪ʵ̫ǿˣ֮䣬ʧɫɵж԰ʾĳš
֮䣬˵ռݰӴĹţ̺֮ǿֲ˴ţѹţħƴȫ˭Ҳʾ
ĿȻźɷܣѾռ˼ơħܴȼѪʱޣħʵѾڲϵļţɷɷҲڲϵš
ħĿ֪ԼѾ֧Ų˶ˣΪϣо޷ķŭħҲúôù
䣡
ħӿһɿֲħħѾȫķˣڽľѪӾȼٶȣԭ΢ħ΢΢ǿ˼֡
ɫڵħ˵ҲһյоѣԽˣôħͻԽ졣
ȥɣħɱڵŭһеĺɷ͵һڽƺһӱ˺ɷһ㣬ͻȻһǿµɷӿѹ˺
Ϊɫѻ꽣ӭ
䣡
һ죬ѤĹ⻪˿ľӿϮ˿Ϊһǿ͵ľ֮У㵵ı֮Զ
ͬģħҲǼܡ

ħʹһ̧ͷһڵѪħ⵽˾޴Ĵˣ˺Ǳĵ˳ȥ
ߣһ֣ϧѾˣһеѻ꽣һ裬׵ľ룬ὣֱն˹ȥ
ݣ
׺һնȥ˲ֳһ޳âЯǿХ̶֮Լһâľжôǿ
һ̣ħѱһâס޴ӡ
˫۽һǳ˾Եš
һâƣħǼѾƲ壬Ķ˶ӣԵ˹ִ˺ɷ޺޵˵ݡ룡
ģħźɷǰӲǾͲľôɱһ㡣
ϧǣħʵ̫ˣʹкɷҲⲻ˰һػˡ
أһ
ĽâĻħеĺɷСֻһ棬ħѪԶѣеĺɷҲ˳ȥ

ħҽһ壬һϢϢ¿մ׹䡣
Ǻǣ˵Ҳ˼һ̰ɣһЦľѻ꽣ʧȥ֮ħ
һ£
һӰȴħ˹ȥ
ҹһ㶣ΪӰƷ硣
ֻǣƷҪʲô
ѵҪħ
ۼƣѾӹһɱ⣬Ļô˳ֽƷҲһˡ
ˡ
ֻƷħǰһֱӴħڡ

ħʶֲѲҽһȻоҪ˺ѿһ㡣
أ
һը֮죬ħըΪһƬѪꡣ
ƷֽޱȣԸղɱħȥһ˲䣬ǾԲϾǶǻƷǳǺɷȥģԸͲȥע⵽ƷôһС


1320 
סˣ˼⣬ԼδأôƷ練нħɱˣҲǳǺɷȥġ
Ʒֵܣ㣿Ȼʡ
ߣղһЩҪҵҿɾͲˡƷһ𽣣źЦǺǣСĻҲȥ˷Ѻ˼ˡ
ǲŷӦ˹ԭˡ
Ц⣬´ãѻ꽣ƷǰЦǺǣԭˣħܹҲǿɽͷ֮ˡ
ǰûƷĻƻҲô˳ˡҹ˹оƷĳ⣬ҹƷļɺҲ˼֡
ﻰҪûжλʱĻСɾͲˡƷ΢΢һЦʾðӡ
ˣħҹհЦЦ˳ź˼ȻǲܸƷˡ
ĻħǱɱȻɺáƷ˳źҹĻصȴǷǳĲԸ
ƷֵܵԺȻǲġֺЦƷ˼֡
ţҪչǺɷ
ͻȻ
ɷͻȻһɿֲɷƷ˽һδӦǺɷȻವһ±ʧˡ
ô£ҹ
Ǻħɷջȥˡ֮ɫ
ħҹһ㶡
ģƬػǹڷħϽģںûĶλħҲʱûҪռص˼ص
Ʒ簵Ѱ˼Ӻıƺηں˼Ʒ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Ҳڲ֮󣬺ӦҪͻħ֮ˣ֮ǰħԺ˵ûҲȫûеġ
ʱҹʵˣ¾֮ڳѾɣҵġ
кεĵģħǹںǹȻҹǣҪƷֵܲѾΥڳǵĹЩǻ˵ʲôǸвΣм˵
ҲҲǣԴʵЩֻСѡҹǰƺ󹧰Ļص
ƳۺҹűƷ˵Ʒֵܣ֮ǻٵ鷳ҹѻ٣ͼħǰɣ
ǺǣðɣһЩҪ£ҵжЩӡƷЦ
Ҫ£΢΢üƺͻȻ뵽ʲôʵˣôأ
ڱչ֮У˵ǹڴ£֮ұضһͬǰħǡƷ˵
Ҳãλ˵Ļħǵɾ绢ˡЦǺǵ˵Ʒ粢޲رĻɡ
ȻңԺضЧںƷ繰ֵ
ãһЦ˶٣΢΢ͷԺҹ˵ҹ峤ħħλܴ˵ħǾԶ㸺λƣλָ֮󣬱Ʒֵһͬħǡ
ǣˡҹֳƷЦǺǣƷֵܣʲôҪĻҡ
һһǺҹ峤ʱĻһۣҲǺúþ͵ƷһЦ
ҿɾͲˡҹЦƺΪƷ֮Ľٽһ㣬á
ͰλˣҲһˣǽһ£Ʒֵ㾡ɷģħѳ˺֮⣬ڳǵѾвǡ˵ڳǵѾ޷Ժ𹹳вˡ
ԺɾҪˡƷЦ
󣬺뿪ˡ
ҹҲشħħǣǻָơ
ƷĻȻҪˡ
ֻǣ̷ħǡ
ʱͻȻԭҹǿʮ֮ͣӡ
ৣৣ
һӰƾն֣λۣȫĿĺˣλ˵ʵףϵϢ졣
Ǿ⸽ɣúüĶʽĿ˵
ǣ
λ˹Ӧ
΢΢ͷħǵķȥ
ʵӸղħļ֮У˵һ˶ûеĻǲܵģħǿ󣬾Բô׿Ӧġ
ԣλȥҪһγʱԵıչˣȻѾľײӰ죬жֶƷ绹ЩΣԲŻλʱǱ⸽

ǣˮħС
ʱƷ緵֮󣬺Ǳܷǡ
Ƿ֮󣬺ױסƷʵƷֵܣղŵ׷ʲôˣô˿µϢ
ħϢƷɫ˵û뵽ħһﾹȻħһ֣ȻҪˡ
磬е㲻ףǲӦðռƻԴʵ»Ǻ𣿺οڣǻкҹǼһҲȻǵĶ֡С˵
ûô򵥣Ƕ͹˺Ʒҡҡͷ˵
ɻ
ԺԻףöԸڡƷ
ǵõȵʲôʱҪȻǿɾ͵ôλˡͻȻֹ˵Եһļӡ
Ǻǣ𼱣ǵʵҪҿǼλֵҪչˡƷЦ⣬бõĿ
񣡡
˫һҲԵú˷ܣԴ֮ڼʱǼζʳһ㣬˼ʡ
ϴһ֣Ц
ľѣΪкڵĻƷҪħڵǷǳ׵ģû뵽Ʒ羹ȻĵõĿ
Ʒ磬Ŀ׼η䣿Ȳʵ
Ǻǣ㶼ˣƻ˳Ļֿɵõ񡣡ƷЦ
ţһ㶣֪Ʒʲôӡ
͸ǸϢɣںҹǶǣôõĻܴأƷհЦЦ
һתϲûкڵĻҪԸҹ׶ˡ
Ʒ磬ҵĺһɲеô򵥣Ȼ˺ȥԸħǣҲȫ㡣ɫ˵
ǺǣѾ뵽ˡƷЦЦ˵һԸҲὫҷħҲûֵıˣɷִ磬㾡ɷģȹգǾһɱħǣ
ɱħǣ
Ƕô˼鰡ڳиֱɱħǵûаɡ


1321 İݷ
ҹǱ٣أԭҹǵҹŵˣת鵽УǵѾһмǵˡ
Ȼҹħһ£Ѵڳء
ŴϢڳǴ󾪡
Щǿɶɵӣ㶼뵽ǳħǱˣȻ¿ǷƷڵҹУԲ˵ҲܲµƷѾħǵˡ
ħǵ֮ǰܹħѹƵħǵȳ㱻ݻ٣ЩǿǸŭԣԺЩֵܵħǵˡ
ֵǣԴħ֮ħǶѾΪ˿ճǣ˺񶼱תˡתƵֻǵǱħ£صʧˡ
Ҳܹ뵽ȻǵѾƣǵӦǱתƵˡ
Դҹ±䷢֮ڳ֮㰲ˣѾûκεķ紵ݶˣЩǶѾо᧿Σ˰ɡ
ǣƷĴڳؿв٣˵Ʒһ֮ȥ˺ˣڳǼڶ̶ʱھѾ÷зˡֻǶƷ˽⣬ȴֻأ˭Ҳ֪ƷƥǴðġ
ȻЩ£ƷǿǺȤ
ڣƷѾħǵϵõĿƷ˵ۺʵǴаģĴڱΪ˶˵ɹ
ĿİţƷСգʵŻмǿ뱩粢δСǰȶ˹ͬͬһȻ̫ܽףԽ뱩˵Ƿǳġ
ԣСٶȽʱռоޡ
ֱʱ䡣
죬вκεĶ
ȻܰⲢζƷж׼
ʱĻСѾչ˽ʱ䣬СѾɹ׵н׵ʵ뱩Ҳٽн׵ľ磬ȱ̬ĽٶȣħǾ޽еİɣҲǵˡ
ֻǣСǲŸոսײãһʱչأƷɲ̫ܵãʹȥԸ𣬵ҲӦ׼ҪԺҹˡ
ԣ֮Ʒ׺ȣһͬǰǡ
ʱħС
Ǹ֮ڣشħħ绹ڻָ֮УɺҹǵİȫȻҹǲΪʱô󵨶֣Ϊ˰ȫڳǸĴҲصĽ
ʱգħǵҲָ˲٣Ȼ״̬֮ǰԸʵߵĻⲢ⡣
ԣħҲǳˡ
֮Уҹħǳء
ǺǣλϲǣǳˣҲɷˡҹЦǺǵ˵ħҲѪǰΪ˷˵ĻħǵɾҪ⵽޴ʧˡ
ЩͶҹ峤չˡħƻЦ
ħֵﻰͬΪЧͲôˡҹЦ
ȻѻָгɣҲûȥˡħ˵
Ҳã˼ǻȥĻһǳ˵ġҹͷһЦ
ҹ峤أħͻȻʡ
ˡҹͻȻʲôЦǺǣˣ֮ǰѾˣǶλް֮󣬾Ʒһͬǻسǡ
˴γȥħǣƷǰǳ˲ٵҲļǡƷʵǱȣ˵ĻǵȻħ˵Ʒһ˳ȥ֮ʱħбǳƷʵ
ǺǣȻѾ£Ǿһͬ˳ȥݷƷɣȻɾ˵ȥˡħЦ
ҲáҹЦЦͻȻɫһ΢Ѱ˼˻Ȼ־ûʲôԣ˵ҿݷþͲˡ
ħɻźҹ⡣
Ǻǣ˵ɣƷѾˡҹЦ
ڣħʵϾǸĴĽɺҹʱãħǵȻоƷǵĴڣƷڸȺ
ڸ⡣ҹ˵ǸϽȥӭӰɣ̽λģǿɾܵǡ
΢΢ͷӺҹȥ
ֻǣħǾֵǣħеʱҹǶƷвٵļɺޣôںҹƷ̬ȶˣ
ҲģħбʵΪ磬ҹȻ֮ǰǶƷЩƫΪ̫Ʒˡ
ƷѾչֳ˵ʵ˵ҹҲǷǳƷģ֮ǰǺҹȥԸħǵĻƷļƻ
ʱƷסСڳǸ⾲š
Ʒ磬ʵҪԸҹнĻû⣬ֱɱȥˡ˵
ѾвٵĽȥǲ⣬ֻǻٵĶƷҡͷʵƷ˼ɵıڸǼǿϢƷҪԸǲ⣬ǻᾪ
ڣСǻδȫأԻֱǳͻܹɫĽҹǣֻٹ죬СǱɳأٳɹºҹǵ񣬵ʱʵɾֵǿһˡ
Уҿ˺ɣƳƷ硣
СȣͺúƷֵܵģƷֵܾȻô˵Ȼĵ˵
ߣҲһ۸˰ɡһԴ֮ȱԺԵ÷ǳˡ
ҡͷƷʵƷֵܣ˼ǣ
ûȫң֮ǰҹеʱұо⸽мǿϢӦǺˡƷ˵
ˣ˭Եúܾ㵡
⣬ħǾȻܹ겻ȻǱô򵥣СĵǡƷ˵
ģǻġ΢΢ͷ
ҵɫ¡Ʒ˵ѾˣǧҪ¶κεȻڻǴܴ鷳
ס׳ͷסڵϢ
󣬹˻ҹħ˱Ц⣬ӭ
ƷֵܣǻҪȥݷλأλɰҹһƷ磬ЦǺǵĴк
ʱƷҲЩȵļû뵽ħôص˲Ŷ̶վͻָ˲٣ͦġ
Ǻҹǣ֮ǰ֪ݣױһųݹƷȵ
ҹǼ֮ʱҲֻ΢΢һ۶ѣݵˣǰҲֻǸ۵Ľɫѡ
ԣҹǾԲ뵽ȴǵĻһİݷá


1322 ɱ
ҹǱֵ˿ƷĿδ֮ǰȻҲǲʧˡ
£ƷЦǺǵĶԺҹ˵ҹ峤˴ðȻãӦòżλɡ
ǺǣƷֵ˵ɾҪǲˣ綼ҪȥݷǵģΪħơħλδԾϵڣϣƷֵܼ²ǡҹ΢΢һЦ
ҹ峤ˡƷЦЦħЦʵǺǣλѾް˰ɣ
޷ƷֵĻǾûôˡħЦ
˵ɣǴ˴ްҪŷǣȻ֮ǰѾƷֵҲļǣһͬħһ۰ɣħЦ
Ǻǣ⵱Ȼû⡣ƷһЦ˶٣ɫֲɱ˵˴ζмҪλ
Ҫ£ҹɻʵħѾȥѵƷֵܻرҪ𣿡
Ϊ¶Ӧûڱչаɣ¹شλһƷɫĻص
ȴһƽû¶κε
ҹ˼˻ҲûƷԣϾƷҲûȥƭǣǺðɣǻȽȥú̸ɡ
ҲãҲԵøӷġƷ˵ͷ
ΪƷĽ̬ȣҹǾԽӾô²򵥣δƷǵĲ֮ẖ̂㽫ƷǸħ´֮С
󣬽֮Уһһ
ʱƷ˳ֲһ硣
ƷֵܣǣҹʣϾѾ˽ˣƷҲԵ̫ˣԺҹǶƷ˵ҪԽӵĺ档
λ£ҲΪԷһƷ͵һְĶ״ȵһ£׼ñǡ
ױԱ
Ǻǣǿ⣬ƷֵʲôµĻڿ˵ˡҹЦ
Ʒ΢΢ͷԴħǱȥ֮һֱǻֲ̿ħǾᣬħǱô
Ʒֵ˵ѵ㷢ʲô𣿡ҹһɫʵ
ǵģǷһЩһֱĴѲ飬ƺмϢڰмԼ⼸Ϣǳ֮İ֪ڸҲֻǵˣҲòϢ˵ĿġƷص˫źҹʵҲ̽ҹǶѡ
⻰ҹǱ˴һۣƺԵЩţΪǶѾ²⵽Щʲôһʱ䲻֪λشƷ硣
ƷҹһΪѰӣ⼸ϢҲ͸ˣѾǸԼˣֵҹ峤ôѵҲʲô𣿡
ҹԥˣЦǺǣƷֵܣǲصģǻħǵĻȥĻźԻоߡ
ҲֻˡƷ΢΢ͷ
ǺǣƷֵܣǲ̫࣬ħǱڳǼԶΪ塣ħЦǺǵ˵δεϢȥ
ΪƷ˵⼸ϢԴҹǿɶ֪Щ˿ɶǺŸƷˣδõ֮ʱǾԲھͱ¶Ʒġ
ƷֵܣĵĵĻھǻسǣֻҪħǣڷħƬؾû˸Ҷҹ˵
ڵĵĿܲЩƷҡҡͷĿ֮Уӹһ⡣
㻹ʲôҹʣͻȻƷƺЩŹˣһʱ˵ָо
ΪڵĵǣƷ͵ĵ˺ҹǣһ⽣ΣһεĽԤװϮ衣

ҹǶʱͫױͻʵ̫ԷӦˣһʵ̫ˣôò˼顣
ݣݣ
εĽ˲˺ҹµΣǺݺݵĻ˺ҹǡ
ҹǸûܷӦôô׾ͱܹƷ⽣
ǣҹҲ֣ܿȥ
ϧľǣһĽʵǿ̫ˣڷʤ֮¡

ҹʹһ˲㻮˺ü̵ѪڣֶַŭǱ˳ȥĹڵء
㣡
ҹǼ𾪣ʢŭѣô뵽ƷͻȻ֣ҸΪ𺧵ǣղƷ˿Ϊܹ˿µĽ
Ʒ磡ʲô˼ǣǾԲŹǵģħŭȴɫԭܴ֮壬⵽ƷͻȻ͵ϮƷʵԸǼֱ׾١
ʲôǣѵǾûоǵ˼Ҫɱ𣿡Ʒɫһȵɱ
ಣಣ
ĺӰͻȻֵħħǰ
ֻǣħǷӦ֮ȴ֣Ϊ˾ףչ¶ʵԾѾﵽн׵ʵ
͵һһѪɫݺݵϮħơ
ħƻûü㱻һǿ˲סϾħʵ˵ʵ̫ˣͲǺ׵Ķ֡
ݣݣ
һâѪֱӱħƵϴѪѪĲҽһı׵Ѫħ˷顣
ת֮䣬ɵĶȡħڵ
֮ͬ䣬ȹȵƽħǰеĳɭЯһɿµĽֱȡħ絫ؿڡ
룡ħŭһֻʼֳǽ
Ȼħȥ
֪ħһչȥȴǺ
һ̣ħ羪Ӧʱ
ݡһ
Ѫ罦ĳħؿǰ˳ħӶ챬˳ȫҵĳ鴤ţʵĲܡ
ͣ
һ֮ҲݺݵĽħڵȡ˳
ɱԵɱ
ħǸһ׼ûУ״̬ԣû뵽λ۵ﾹȻѾﵽн׼ʵÿɾԩˡ
ߣƷ磡ˣѾ֪Ѿ˸ˣ˵Ҫ޷ǾҪԲɫĽǣû뵽ɵģҪô׵ɱңûôףҹһŭһ˵ıƷɱȥ
Ʒɫƽ˫۷衣ҹʵ䲻ûзοѾشĺҹ
ݣ
Ϭĳͬһ㣬һ˲̽Ʒؿڡ
͵ģƷɫһιһƺһ㣬պźҹ̶ǳԲıƽ˺ҹǰ
֮УҹķӦȫƷ
飡
صһȭƷݺݵĻ˺ҹС

ҹʹһŶˣѪ䣬
͵һ£Ʒ˺ҹǰһǿжҹеĳɴһͱҹؿĽҹڵȡ˳
ӦÿҺܲʹ˰ɣղţҲ翴ͺܲˬˡƷ˵
ҹ˫ۣ֮ǰƷΪλ᲻ںͻȻɱˡ
ԭƷʵѾԽн֮
ϧǣڲ׹Ѿˡ


1323 ʮ
ҹλɹƷɱζƷֵõ
ùǣҹµĽ󣬷ǱƷˡ֮УƷĽڣĶԲй¶ȥ
ңҲصĺڸŵ˻춯ΪƷҹǵ̸֮У˵ҹжƷҲɿںصҹҲ΢Щ˽ѣ֮䲢޽
УΪжǿأԭҲ˶ѡȱĵ˵Դ֮󣬶ڲж˵ʱȻֺ˷ܰĸо
СȣɱСǣΪشĻ»ԶԶǵĶ֡ƷȤЦ
ߣɱ̫СҡߺߵĵƷ硣
ҡҡͷѭ۴еЩмѪɶƷʵƷֵܣδ
򵥣ʬ𼣡ƷЦһбһһ£ҹǵʬͬѪ˲㻯Ϊ˻ҽ
ȿľѣηĶƷ˵Ʒ磬ʲô𣬾Ȼ
˵ɡƷ絭Ļص
Ļ£ҿԺǵöҪǲСʲôʲôҿɾҪҹһˡƳƷ˵
ģλڤĴҿǲ𡣡Ʒ٩
Ʒ磡Ҽţڲʲôڤ幫ԺҲǣҪԺٸҽеĻҡҾ͸ûָ꣡Ʒе
СȣȱˡεĳȣһĶƷʵƷֵܣһкμƻ
ȻȥɡƷص
ȥͻȻ伤ˣ˵Ʒ磬ںҹѱȥʵβ˳ЩҲˣ
ǰҲôΪѵãЩʱĻҵֵᱻҪǺĻҵǻܵĲ׸˵
ģǲŹǵģڣ͵ȶһɣֻҪٹһ죬СǾͻˣСĻǵļƻӵ˳Ʒ֣ص˵ΪƷоصʵ䲻򵥡
Ҳã˼ҿǵĲܡ׵
Ǻǣȷʵ̫ҹһգǾǺǵĩգħǵҿöˣƷһЦ
Ʒ⻰зĸоƷ˵û뵽˿£Ҫǵˣ¾ûӹˡ
кο£ⱾǸǿʳ磬ħеĹˣֲǵһħ硣Ʒص
УҾͿҲʲôࡣƳ۵
㳶ˣǻȻȥɣȻɾҪˡƷ˵
ƷǱµ뿪ħǣħевãȻ
Ʒǲȥãڿ֮ˢˢıֳĵӰ
֣ôֻȥˣ
ʲôֵģС֡
˵ˣȻûʲôµĻ뿪ɣҪǱǲˣȥҲͲ˽ˡ

ֹʧ

˿̣ƷѾص֮С
˴һУһգǴﵽнƷ
صˮħУȱæʣƷ磬׼Σ
Ǻǣڵľ绹δȫȶʱʺգȻʵ䷴ŰɣԺЩʲôĶǡƷЦ
ǻҪɱܶˣȻ
ǲô˵ֻɱɱˣҪǵǾˡҲ̫ʹܹԼͻƾ͸ˡƷЦ
˵ҲǡЦЦ˵ƷֵܣȻҪһĻҲţҲһͬɣһʵǵʤҲͶһ֡
ҲãһҲܾô˷ˡƷ
ƷǱһͬʱռ֮С
˳˽뱩֮⣬СǶѾɹͻƵн׵ľ磬ֻͻƣǵüչزȶ硣
ȻƷҲҾСǵľޡѰ˴طƷٴȫµϢ֮ȻױܼĽչˡ
ƷûҪ޵˼ռ֮С
ǣƷ粢հĽŻĴǻߵһ֮ǰƷѾͻƵԪ֮ÿſĻᶼ˷ѡ
˵һ֮УŲܹͬһŵĻƷʵҲܻһ
ϾڵƷԾʵ̫ˡ
ģƷߵǵصĽ֮ǰĸо⿴ƽ򵥵ĽųһصϢÿһڽſ֮ǰƷ綼ܺڴŽڵĿռԼεǿ
ʱƷһĴǴѹĽţǰ㲻ΪԼ˽ҲǷǳ羴ʵĺҪǰļһ档˿Ʒ磬չˣƷ粻ʤмҵλʦңһǰġ
˵գƷڵԪĵ
Ȼ䣬ƷҫǿҵĹ⻪ǸоľѹƷ羹Ȼ˿ħ״̬
Ѫɫӣҫ۵İɫȵĿཡ׳壬չĶѪɫħ弶ȫ塣
䣡
ǿϢռ䶼ڲţƷͻԪھһνпħ״̬
û뵽ڿħ֮ƷʵȻ˱̬
˵ڵƷоһѾֻһ֮ˣǶϺĻƷҲ㹻İա
Ȼǿħܹﵽ״̬ĻƷܹħ׼ʵħ״̬Ҫ׵ĻʵЩѶȣƷ˵ѾǺˣ弶״̬ٱսˡ
ǿŵ
ƷԵú˷ܣ˫ȭȫµ
ţƷ˫۽ǰţŵЦݡ
䣡
ӴԪͬڵĳˮһ㣬ӿ˫֮С
ԱƷ֮ͨ˫֮У˫ǵţȻһȫһ䣬صѹ˽С
䣡
һ죬Ʒ˫ϵʱ򣬶ٶ𵴳һǿ͵ľƷǾ㵲ѣȻ⵽˽ŵǿҷɡ
Ʒȫ˫Ƴѹ֮£Ҳ΢΢ƿһ϶ֻҪܹ¶϶Ǳлᡣ
ȣ
ƷֿһǺ죬֮ٶȿӿƶޱȵĽš
ˣһ
Ʒȫƶ֮£ſʼĿˡ
Ʒ˫һȴҼиǿѹ֮
ڣ
أ
һҵ죬һٱƷһصϢűֱ̾ƵƷ羪˺ü
Ʒ˿ѭ֮յĿռ䣬ɫ˵ǿϢ浽ʲô


1324 𾪵Ŀռ
𸮵ʮţˡ
ƷǺ棬ſƷȥ˴ڵʮڵĿռƷǷǳڴġ
ɣƷ绺˼֮󣬱ŽŲǽڿռȥ
ʱƷ̤˽ڿռĵһ֮ʱƷͻ׻һ㣬Ʒݺݵһ¡
ռ䣡Ʒһ㶣δŪռν˼ԺбǿӿһİϢ
ռ䣬֮Կ֮Կɾۺϡ
ȻϢǺܸӣȴƷ缫Ϊ𾪣סȻһǿֲ
ռ䣬˼壬Ǻ塣κأǵôӷռе˵𣬷֮ǿرǵһĻӵһʵһӵϾȷʵǲܳԽĴڡ
ǣռ֮У岻ܹʵΪ̬ǣǽ弯ϵĻʵἯзɱԵǿʵ
ֻǣڼз֮ڰ֮ڲӵзʮʱˣֿٶȷ壬ʱʵֻӵͬҲǿٶнףȻֿɽмϡ
ֻ˵ռʵ̫̬ˣռǷռ䳬ǿ档Һռǹᴩĸռ䣬ҲƷпеκοռни
ֻһ鷳Ƿ嶼ںռвſɽС
ѾãƷƺγһ㣬Ͼռʵ̫̬ˡ
Ʒ缤ĴЦһСѾȶˣƷ̽һڻ֮С
ȻƷںռ֮Уһ˲㻯γʮ塣ƷҲǿŪʮ塣
ʮ֮УķĻҲǿﵽħʵǿıǵһ壬Ѿ߱н׼ʵȻǵڶ壬Ҳǿӽн׼ʵעͣЩÿľʵͲ˵ˣѧ߼Ϻܷѹ򣬲ķϣλܹ⿴
ڣƷǰıʮλԼһһķ壬ʵǿ֮ÿһ֮Уǰ䡣
ʵЩԼȫһķ壬ƷʱҲرıŤҪЩ嶼ʶƣЩ廹óΪԼǿĶ֡
ʮѾ׼ˣھǸȥЩʵˡ
ƷⲻպõõǶ߱н׼ĲΣƷѾˣɵڶһȻա
Ͼڵڶ֮ЩǶҪ࣬ЩԲܿ죬ںռнз֮󣬸ҲɴĿռ֮С
ˣƷ㽫ڶ֮Ķʮ˸壬תƵʱռ֮УСһʱռųʱԵıչء
Ʒ簵֣Сǳ֮󿴵ֳĻҪɵɡ
ǵһĻƷ˾ռнսԵĿޣһصĶ󡣶ڶĻǷռ֮УĻ˵Ƿǳ洦顣
ȻƷ罫Щ弯ϵĻԸ׾ٵ顣ӺռϢ֪κĻܱ֤Խһεľ磬ȻฺԵӰ졣
ƷҲƷʵӵ弶ħĻԸⲻڵøʵֻһٶȺ壬ͻƵԪһ硣
񣬸ķƷ綼ѾźˣƷʮǶʮʱͻƵһ硣
Ϊ˵ҪʮǶʮأ
ΪƷӻ֮õĹϢҪԪ֮ٵõͻƵĻǷǳѵģҲܳκεĲأȻƷͿ޷Ķ㾳ˡ
ȻƷ籾ҲûţϾҪȥԸǿУƷҲҪʮİգǹغԼͬ鰲Σ⡣
ԣƷ㽫עڴռ֮СʱռҲеǵʱ䣬ƷҲ뵽ʱռչؾޡ

ʱռһ꣬Ҳһ졣
ʱռоǱޣһʱתۼš
СǱһһˡ
Сǳ֮󣬺Ĳ鿴ʵ֮ȥ
Ȼɵ۵һĻˡ
磡
Ʒ磡
ͬʱһϲ£죬Ϊ˵һĻ˵ֱһ˸е𺧵ξ
ΪǾȻ߾ȻнʮλƷ硱֮С
㵣һƬ㵣ҲֻƷϲſֲܷ˼ˡ
һˮȻݺݵ˫ۣΪԼĶǼٵģǰһУôȥܣѾȫķ롣
ϡϴôͻȻðôϴ󣿡Ŀ࣬𾪵ǣЩƷ硱ǾȻе
⡭ô£Ժð˸޴ʺţȻ˸еһĻ
ơƷֵܡ׺Ȼ亹ֱӾöˡ
ֲ㱻ԼĿˮҭסˣɵ㶵ĳСʵС֪ô𣿡
СΪƷԼޣһ˵ƷΪ˽ġ
⡭Ǵķ壬ҴͲ֪ô࣬Ҳû˵ҲǿħġСЩͰ͵ĻصСܵ˵Ĵ̼ҲǲС
֡ǸֲĹȲ˵ҪԼƷ˵ĻǼֱô֪Ʒӵеݹħ磬ҲеڶƷˡ
˾֮УһϤͻȻ˵˭ǹأ
ѭȥЩƷ硱֮УƷվϷųȤζЦݣȻƷıˣЩĻڼ
㶵Ʒ磬оڿһλİһ㣬ΪЩƷ硱֮УͷֲĸƷı
Ʒ磬㣿㶵ʡ
ңҰƷЦЦȤģҵıЩҵķѡ
壿Ǽǲ⣬ƷĵһҲ˽رࡣ
壬򵥵˵ҲǡƷ΢΢һЦ漴㽫ռռŵĸ֪ˡ
֮Ǻݺݵһ
Եرļ˵ϴ󣬾ȻռôҲܹõЩɣ
ǺǣȻУȡ𸮵˵λƷ٩
ǡǾǸһҲҡĻص
֪ͺáƷƳ۱ȻĶ˵ڸλѾɹˣʱҪȥԸǸҪԸˡ
˳ͷսⰻȻ
Ʒ˫һ裬ĺߵ𣬵ơ


1325 ħ
գĸ߿֮Ӱ
ûƷһˡ
Ʒ磬ȷǻڸΪȴʲôоɻʡ
ҲĴѲţһ
Ǻǣ⼸һ䲻򵥣֮ǰСǻδ֮ʱҶǻЩ˼ɡƷ絭һЦƺѾסЩ˵Ĵڡ
˳ͷȻƷ綼Ҫ˼ɵˣȻǷͬСɡ
磬ǣСʡ
ֱɱǵĻȻáƷص߰ɣѾˡ
ƷԼԣ˵ǺŵЩˣǺˣҲûӹƷĻ̽ѰΧ
ৣৣ
һȵӰ֮
ʱǵĸ֮Ǳżδ֪Ϣ
磬ܸое⡣
ʲôģ
Ǿ̫ˡ
˵ûЩ̫Ծ
ﲻԾǺ˰ɣ

ڰ֮Уλϸ̸š
λˣҲǺصһǿΪħħһֱħǰǱصһǴﵽн׼ʵ
ħ֮ҹЩħеˣħ˽Ҳ٣ԸͲ֪ħʵжǿ
ȥħǺúô̽һܸоЩ⣬Щʵ̫ˡ˵
ǣӦħ֮УΪ죬ĵλں
ţǰȥħС
ͻȻоԶٱ˼ǿϢ⼸ϢԾǳģκε
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˽һ⼸ϢǴ˼ѹ
Ȼǲ޻ɵƷǣϾ⸽ǿ֮߳⣬Ҳȼλѣǵһʱ㻳ɵ˺ϡ
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ȻڳǶϢѾǲ٣ǸоЩ˵ʵҲǿ϶٣ԺҲû׼Ҫ뿪˼ǺܺЩϢݡ
ˣ
Ѿ׷ԳеЩȻʲôаħоǷƷκһ˵ʵȴ˿ںҹǡ
ţЩδ֪ϢĲϱƽҲ֪ЩϢǳģҲûҪټȥˡ
һ£Ǳݿն𣬲һ𣬽еʱԱ
ಣಣ
һİӰ˳ƷǣĻаλ
ȻԵ÷ǳľ㵡Ȼһðôİǿߣ˵һֱڰмǵȳǵĶƷǵĻȴǲĽӴǶƷǼİ
Ȼȵڼλʵɲĺ֮ʱҲԵüΪľȣҲѹ֮ǰƷ˹˼һ죬λ˵ʵ֪ܲ򵥣ټϺĻƷʱҲöԸ
ѾоƷŵɱҲȻôȥˣĶƷʵ˭֪Ǻʱλ
ߣǰɣƷһǿԪѾʼתҲǷ׷ս׼
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ħǣǿɲ֪ħЩˣƷ˵
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ȵȣϢе㡭źԵĺֹ֣˼˻üͷȻƷ̽ԵʵƷ磿
ܹ²⵽ԼݣƷҲþȣȤζĻЦǺǣħҵͦġ
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ƷԼ֮ʱǱȷģƷȻҪЧħǡ
Ʒ磡ħеħںơԱ˵Ҳ㣬ɱһЩڵ£𹼸˺͡˵
ͣǺҲ̫߹Լ˰ɡǺڵĻƷͲûаյ飬ͲˡƷ絭һЦ
УħҿĸӰɣװǻƣС֮Աǣζʮ㡣
ˣŭȵɱЩ֪ߵغļһ
˵꣬˱еǿҵĺڰ⻪ЯһµƣԵͷųڵϢŭĳƷǵɱȥ
֪ߵغļһҿǰɣƷһƾն֣һ˲仮һܼĶųеϮȥ
ݣݣ
Ľ߼ԵĹ˱𾪣ƾƷ¶һ֣Ǹе˾޴ѹ
ȻҲ֣ӭƷϮĽâеĳȫȥ
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һװľ죬ǾȻƵǱˡ
ôܣ
ɷ𾪣ƷɵһȻ˸ˣʵѳԭȶƷʵ⡣
ǺǣоΣƷһЦ
ɣû뵽ʵص֮ŭ
˵ɵĻôɵ뻹ںͷءƷɫһе𽣣һɱܷŹǣ
䣬ƷСһͬǵٳɱȥ
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󣡡һȡ
£˲һͬʱ趯еĳĹŹ֣ǵȴǰһδ֪ǿ
Ʒ簵ľҲԵüΪмֱɱȥ
һ˲䣬Ʒֵǵǰٶȵ˲ơ
׼һƷ͵ͬһ˵ͻȻ䱬һɿֲ
Ʒ羪һ£ԭ׼ģͻȻʵΪ֮ǿвԼ
ƷҲԾţ֮˲עУĻǰ
䣡
һ죬Ʒ֮ȻһӴĹ⻡۵Ĺâһɿֲˣ̼ڸסеһС
Ʒ޴󰭣ȴ˺Щ롣
СǸǳԾѣŸƷ󣬱㱻һɳѰξ˻ȥȴûܵκεơ


1326 ħ
ֱ⻪ɢ
ʱƷѭȥ֮ʱȴǴ㵵ķ֣ǾȻƾհʧˡ
ô£ôˣǷ׷ǰѡ
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ˣôܣôܴѣ㶵ʵղƷһԺɵľͽǸˣôһµʱǾôĪأ
Ǻǣܹħôò¶Щ֡Ʒ絭һЦƺƷ˵ܲӰ춼رֻҪЩѡ
ô׷ȥСʡ
ȻȻҲ֪ʹʲôǾиõġǾܻħҲνǵĿľɱħǣţȻħǵƷݺݵ˵
ǲʹ죡С˷ܵЦ
²˳٣ߣƷе
ţƷһˣڵħǵķٷȥ
˿̣Ѿ̵ӻħС
죡
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ҪԸǡص
Ըǣ£ֿ˼⣬ߵʲôԸǣҾǸҲң
ҡҡͷһŭɫ˵ˣǶƷһˣһʵ£Ҳ˶٣ҲʹӻģҪȻĻҲͻزˡ
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ߣΪħǸ۸ĵطǾ͵޻أŭһ˵죡ȥ֪ͨħԳǣ
ˣǺҹ峤أʡ
ɵô˵ĻҿƷͶԺҹǶˣ⼸ﾹȻʲô֪ѵ
ǡǣ˽ѵǣ̾ȥ֪ͨħԳǡηĻص˱æ˳˴
ȥ֮󣬺ûðɣݺݵȭƷ磡һ͹㣡Ҳ̫ˣҵҪкα£

ڣǾħǱȽԶ
ǣΪõ״̬ȥԸǣƷҲû̫ڴҼĳ嵽ħǡΪƷ㵽ˣǿѻصħУȥȥĻǾԻ׼
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ڣʮӣƷڳ嵽ħǵϿ֮С
ʱħǳŽգɱ֮¥ȴκεĳļѾ˴ɻеȺ
ħ𣿡СԵúܳԾħǣȷʵǱħǵˣԻ͵ĳС
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Ǻǣ޷ڿΪˣͺúȥݷһǰɡƷ絭һЦһ˱ֱӳϿ֮
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һһ㣬
֮ˣ׷ѭ̧ͷϿմȥ㾪㵵ļڸ߿֮Ű˵Ӱܹ˸߶µʵǿ߲ſӵе
𾪵ǣ˵ͷ֮ˣȻƷ硣Դ֮Ʒħи׹
û뵽Ŷ̶һ²ʱ䣬ƷѾۼǿˣƷ˴ιȻħϿⲻԾħǵơ
𺧣𺧣û˸Ʒ
ߣ
һضƺҪ֮ͻȻű㴫˺ǴŭװƷ磡ǿǺôĵӣ
Ȼ֮䣬֮Уˢˢĳһĺâ
һ̣ħħԳħһͬڿգƷһĶš
ʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼ˲۵Ͽֳ֮Ļƽһμôܴأ
Ʒһǣ΢΢ѲۺǣȻϣʹ֮ʵϹȻ
ҲڽƷǣЩϤĻ˸ûмúȫ벻ףƷ絽ǴӺζǿ
УΪȵǣû뵽Ѿﵽн׵ľ磬⻹Ǹ֮󲻾ãôô̵ʱڵõͻơ׾͸˵ԭֻһλħ˧߶ѣħ߾ŵųȻҲλʵ׵ǿߣʵ̫ˡ
ʱƷ米˫֣۽źȤζЦǺǣǿּˡ
λǺ𣿡СҲĴһ𣬸оǱһɿµϢ֪ʵҪԶǿǡ
׵ɫƽȴ̲סļΪƷĻҲԲֳǶš
ŭ죬ϷŨҵɱƷ˵ʵ뵽ˣСӹȻ򵥣û뵽ҺȻᱻˣ
Ǻǣ⻰ɾͲˣѲ֮ǰͲҪҿǺ˰ɣƷ絭ȻһЦ
ߣƷ磡һף㹫ȻҳַǺɱ֣һһݲ֮ˣѲҲǹصѵǲ֪ѾΥڳǵĹ𣡡ŭѡ
򣿡Ʒ絭ЦЦź˵ԺĻ˵ǲ˵ʵΪڵģҵĹأҲΪʵڵġ
ߣҲ̫߹Լˣߵ
߹ĻҵôΪҲֻΪѡƷص
棬淨𣿡ֳѻ꽣Ʒ˵Ҿ͸㣬淨Ǵģ
Ǻǣǻڴźָܹ󡣡Ʒ΢΢һЦֳ𽣡
˫֮䣬ţһ


1327 Ҽ
սƷ˵Ʒ磡㲻µĻҺúս£
˵գ߿մȥ
ƷһȥһԵȴ̲סƷ磬Сĵ㡣
һģҲСĵ㣬⼸һҲôöԸƷصƳǣű߿մȥ
̣Ʒڶ֮
ǺǣƷ磬Ȼͬһ㣬ȴǺ޴Ե˿ûܹš𵭵һЦ˫罣âϬ
𣿲ҺħеЩ˿ɲһƷ
һüͷһ壬Ϊ棬˫۽Ʒ磬ʵʵһֱݶܺ棬ħ֮УУǷǳٵġ
Ǻǣ˵Ǵӷ½ˣ𣿡Ʒ΢΢һЦ
½ٶһԵüΪĳԾֳ˵ߣȻˣ͸ܼˣ
Ǿ͵ÿǷˡƷ絭ȻЦ
Ա֪һ͵Ļеѻ꽣ǿҵĺڰ⻪ž޴ֱӻһľâݺݵϮƷ硣
ƷҲ˿Ĵ⣬е𽣣һĽâֱӱһĺն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ʒһǿ̼㽫һϮĽâݻΪĩĵ˿
Ʒָ𽣣䲻
ȻһףҪɱңͻˡеѻ꽣һӰƷ硣
죬ƷҲԲں
֮䣬ܼڶ֮ĴƺһȵĺӰʱ֮졣˵Ѿӵ˼£ѷ£ü֡
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û뵽λͻȻðǿƷ磬صʵ֮ǿʵ˾
ʱƷҵĲһҲȻܹôš
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ȻƷ磬ǿû˿η壬ǵʵħϵĻǿռ˲ٵơ
ΪǾǷֵӵ֮⣬Щİǿߣвʲô֮ͬУǿǹϵ˫֮ʤܡ
ݣݣ
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ȣӣǡɵĶ˺׵ѪħȻɱڵĳźǱ˹
׿ɲûһܻǣĿͻȻסһȥѪͻȻȺԵĺ
һ£еĳȥ

һ֮죬һһĻѪħĹں׵Ĺ֮ͣƣȲѵıˡ
СȴѾɱ˹ȻǱԵҹϮźǡ
ǴΪɫû뵽ǵ͹СЩ˵ʵȻûйǿӲħ⹥ֶԼȴ˿ǡ
ʩƻ֮սħ졣
ħ亹һ߻üȥסȵĹƻֵ֮õֵǶ߰ȻǱȸѹţҵĻᡣ
Сǿֱͣӳ嵽˺˫־̣ȷ׺Ĺ˺
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ͬģҲ˸סˡ
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Ȼ󣬱
һɱ֣ڵƷĹ似ϵĴڣ֮ͬУȻԻλµɱ֡
ȵ˲ҵڱϵֱǱ˴񾭣ѾĶ֡
亹ԸĴֺһɭĽоǺڰд˫۾ڽĶһ㣬Ҳ֪ȴԼĻ᲻һ
Σǽ뱩
뱩ֻ׾ߣ˹ͬһн׼ħҪǿҪǿһЩֵĻԸнǿҲһͻ䡣
ʱʣµħԳ㱻뱩ĲסˣħԳʵǺһʵΪģŽ뱩ֹƣħԳҲûֵ˶ıˡ
䣡䣡
ı죬ϿеսΪļңභ֮ˣΪǿߣǴﵽʮλǿ߻춷ֳǺٿԿġ
ħԼٳħƳħǣˣһƬ𾪣εսѾЩƽ˿Բֵķˡ
еһЩսĲеˣѾʼвֻʶˡ
Ȼ⼸ѾΪҵľ޳֮УͻȻֳٵӰһһģЯһڲϼǿƺҪӽϿеսȦ
Щ˵ʵǼ֮еħ˧еľӢ
ڣΪЧʱˣΪ֮ˣݺݵĽе
ǣ
λͬӦȻͬʱȼڵľѪԱ֮ƣ׼ϿմڼеСǳȥ
ħ˧ǿ߼ԱȻ˵Ӱ첢رĴ󣬵ڿ֮ǿǿԵУСܵЩħ˧ߵƴӰɾʹˡ
ಣಣ
һǿ󱬷ĺӰˢˢĳȥ
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һը֮죬⻪Űλ׼ҪԱħ˧ǿߣ̼Īһɹɾ޴ĩ
ţħǵϿ֮ϰֳĵӰ
ûǡ
ҪԸôٵĴأ
˴󾪣Ʒ缤ĺҲʱǵĴڣ𾪣ôͻȻðǿĶ֡
λһ֮Цһ˱һͬСɱǡ
ǵʵȻǲ˵ģ֣ԸһнǿߵĻû⡣
ǼƷǱλǿߣһ֮ɫⱾЩ˾ͲöԸھ͸˵ˡ


1328 Ծ
䣡
챩ƷԱ˿
¿մľʢŭѣŭƷƷ磡кԩΪҪ˸Ͼɱ
ôѵӦ˵ˣƷ̵
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ƷҲֻ֪оƷ磬ſʤ֣ȻԼȥƷ磬ħǶѾˣԼҲʤ㡣
ѻն
𱬺һеĳ϶һ޳Ĺ⻡⻡зصĹԣ뵽һ̺˿µ깥
Ʒ޾ɫһʽǧƣ
ǧƣԪһʽǿ棬ǿʮǧشεĿֲǧƸոʩչʱ򣬺㾪ѣƷһвԼ
䣡
ľˣ͵ĹⲨŰռ䶼ƺҪŤһ㣬ͬ͵ľˣ̾
֪ƷһҲȴˣѻնȻٶǿ˼֣ӭƷһն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬أɿֲ͵ĳһ𣬿񱩵޾ĵ˿֮䣬⻪䡣
𾪵һ£ѻ꽣깥֮ʱȻ⵽һǿķú𱶼𺧣û뵽ѻ꽣ȻƷ𵽵Ӱ첻
䣡
һ죬ɾ޴ڷĳٴαը˿ӿľˣеüĻҡ
Ʒһͬʱֱ˿ȥ
Ȼ򵥣ǧƵȻ˺Ʒ簵ȴ˷ܲѣǺȶѵãƷúõĽһ
ҲǰΪľղƷһǿϼֵĻºҲܵһЩˣԺҲǷǳصȥԴƷλ֡
ߣһӦûûдﵽ׼ħʵɣ𰵺ߵ
׼ħҲǿȴֵħֻҪһֵĻɳΪħںʵ־硣
ƷʱѰ˼ţ̼ԵЦʵǺǣڹʲôأ
Ҫ𣡡һеѻ꽣һһ֣৵ĻӻһĽâƿ֮ƣݺݵϮƷ硣
ƷһͻȻֶ˲仯ʮΪʵĴڣǿʾӭ˺Ĺ
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죬ɳƬĽâڷĽţ׷׾߻١
ΪԾƷĽʵΪ죬ȻɵıƽԼĹݵսѻ꽣һ߳Ʒӻһâһ߳Ʒȥ
ƷԵüΪݣԭΪΪΣȥ𽣲ϵĻƬâȻס˺ҹơ
͵һ£ͻȻصĽâбƽƷǰŭһȫĶƷͷѵذ˺նȥ
Ʒ˫һ裬ϷĹЦݣںһն֮ʱƷ粻΢΢˼ֵľ롣
ţں֮ͻȻϮһɭµľ
֣֪˾ӺζвԼ
ݣ
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еѻ꽣һǣ˲㼤һӴľ𲻽˼Ҳѻ꽣ݻ˻ȥ
һ£Ʒ羹˲ֵ˺ǰ˳ֽӹ𽣣͵ıƽ˺𣬾ֱһ
䣡
һ𣬱㾪һɿֲ۵Ĺ⻪кƷͬ޵еսһ㣬עź
Ԫʽƣ
Ʒ籬һؾУ޴Ҫ˸еϢһ㣬𶼱ѹЩ١
ƣǧƵǿмȻҲġҪķѲƷ粻ٵԪԿԼƷҲǼҪȥ
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ʱ֮ɫ֮ޱĿӿעѻ꽣УϾƷһʵǳ̫̫ˡ
ȣ
һѻ꽣ҫǿҵĺڰâѻ꽣һӴĺڰ֮ҲȫԸˡ
䣡
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¿֮ڼеˣҲľѣȻܵ˲ٵӰ죬ҲȻûӰ쵽֮ս
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䣡
صĹƣ֮ƷһԳԽ˱ʵʮͬذľޱߣƺÿһ֣Ҫ˻Ϊҽһ㣬鳯ź֮ѹ
УȴǺη֮ɫѾõһƷһƵĿ¹ŭƷ磡ҪΪΪصĴۣ
䣬һնϡ
ն
ŭһѻ꽣һɨϡ
ͽȻ֮䣬ֳһӴĺڰ֮ϷųĹâȴֳżӴŭһӭƷһȥ
նѻնǿʮԺնԵ¡
䣡
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֮£ŭѻ꽣ǷҰ޳ϡ
䣡
Ӵľ壬ͬڣȻ˿һΪ֮ɫɨܣݺŰֲܿϮš
֮£¿֮ļеȺ֮УҲھз׷ױ˿û뵽Ʒ֮ս˵ĺˡ

𱬺һĿ裬ѻ꽣˲ľϰŭĳƷɱ˹ȥ
Ʒ⣬ų¡
˵ٶȼ죬һѾһȻͬʱŭһݺݵĶű˴˼ն˹ȥ
أ
˫صһΪļĿĹ⻪ɾ޴ڴ֮ţ˭Ҳ·硣ѻ꽣еĻƷеʵ˶Ѿƴȫ
䣡
һ죬ǱӴ֮У˸ֱݺݵظ˿ȥ
Ʒ类Ƶݿն𣬺ȴǱѹ¡
ԸھƷ֮£ȶ֮͵ݿնϣ֮ƷĶšȴ˫۳죬ںݺݵĳ鶯ˡ


1329 
𺧣
û뵽ڷħ֮УȻܹ𶷵ô
ҴӸղŵһ֮ʱƺЩ·硣
ǳ鶯ԵЩǱŭ۽Ʒ磬޺޵˵Ʒ磡ҾȻᱻƵֵزǣҲ̫СҵʵˣҵĵλԲܺģ
Ǻǣ𣿡ƷһΪȻӡ
Ʒ˲Լŭʢһ֮ѻ꽣ɱƷ硣
ƷɫأоʵûмԽԽǿʢȻƷԼʹǿսĲ٣Ѳʹÿħſɳȥ
ڿħĻҪԸǺܴ⣬Ʒ绹֪˴һսľħʵĻƷ绹뾡ܹܵסġ
ţŭɱ֮ĺѾɱ˹
Ʒ粻Уæӭ
䣡䣡
һľ죬𶯣Ʒּһ
ǿļӰ첻Сڳ֮ǿѲˡȴǷ׷׾֣Ͼ˴ξȻǷħС
·ͬСɣЩҲܺ澪ڷħƬ»˭ħǵսڳѾʼ׷ħǣһΪ졣
ʱ¿֮ǿ߼սҲΪļңǵԮ·硣
ڴ֮ǰѵùƷر𽻴Ҫȥȵİȫ׻ЭȣͬȥԸħ졣
ħɾͰпˣȾЩѲˣټ׻λĪǿߣħѾǺʤˡ
ͬǾȲѣƷϻ˲ٵͻȻ侹Ȼðλǿߡ׻ҲǷӵú죬ɱУҪħ
ݣ
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Ϊʱħոһʱ׻ȴ͵Ĵ߼л֮ƣͳȻкκȴȻ׺ֱ˵ǲ
ȻǱǴ޿ռ֮УΪΣ˵Ƕǲ֮ǸͲħ졣
䣡䣡
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䣡
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˫һ裬ȴǳ׷˲ӵħǰͦһȫǼһ㣬ٴζħؿڴ˹ȥ
ħȻһִ֮䣬еĳǰ
ɫһͻȻ;ıȥƣһƣȵθһǽƻ߰ħԲࡣ
ħɫ䣬ϾħѾʧȻӦȵĶ
ͣ
Ѫ罦ħҽһӲһֻ۱ȸ˺ն
ħ쾪˶ȥŭŮˣ㣡
˭׻Ȼֵħǰٶǿȭͷȭгž޴Ĺħ졣
ħ컹֪ʲô£㱻׻ʮȭζ챻ѿһ㣬ͷۻˡ
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㡭ħŴۣѪ˿ôҲ벻ԼôȵС
һֱһħؿڴ˸ݺݵĽħڵǿȡ˳Ƴɫ벻ʵħ첻м˵ҾôŮˣôţ
˵꣬Ⱥݺݵĳ
ħ˻һص׹ȥʹ䡣
ħһǵĴ᧿Σˡ
׻̱תĿ꣬ͬСǣǼѾûκεʤˡ
һߣ뱩ͬԸħԳħԳӦüΪˣͻȻֶλǿУȸ䣬ħԳһ˿Ļᶼûˡ
ͨ裡
ȸһ͵ĻһƬƬµ׻ͬһ趯ţΧħԳĳϮħԳ
ħԳֲѣ׻𲻶ϮħԳüǱ
𣡡
ŭһƾǿս壬͵ֱȥ
ħԳŵ԰ףеĳӭǿͳеնȥ
ⲻ֪֮е䣬ͻȻ仯壬ɽľӰħԳǰ
ޣħԳֱӱһ
ȻҲǱסˡ
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ǿǿĹƣ
䣡
һ죬صħԳһУٶ嵴һѤĹ⻪伫ǿĽסħԳһȻ䱬һǿ͵ĳ
ħԳһ˳ȥ
ȻʵҪħԳȻǿҲħԳһ֮˻ȥ
ౣ
е׻֮УŴһ̶ļ
ȸҲ˳Ծл˱壬Ź׻𣬰鶯ʮе׻𣬷ӵĳħԳ
ħԳ֣ȸƵˡ
뱩ɫһ䣬ȸһͬ˹ȥ
ݣݣ
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һ֣ͬʵ
ħԳеĳԵúܻңħԳѾɥʧԭǣŽǵ͹ƣħԳľܷѾˣ˱þǷһ㡣
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ݣݣ
һһħԳϱ˺ѿʮѪڡ
ħԳʹ಻ѣ˫۱Ѫ˿ĿͻȻŭˣҸƴˣ
䣡
ħԳͻȻ䱬һǿΪӽĽ뱩Ǿɫ˻ȥ
ȼѪ
ħԳƷˣȻѡȼѪʵ
ɫأнǿҪȼѪĻʵѾǳӽ߽ˣԲܶԸġ
ҪɱǣħԳŭһڵľѪȼա
飡һ
ʱ佭ͻȻ侪סˣڷ״̬еħԳҲסˣ˾־塣
ȻħԳǰ֮Ȼֱӱһֻ׳צӸҿһ󶴣ħԳڵ񶼸ˡ
ģһϵľӰħԳȻ䡣
ܡħԳĽеֻͷֳѹһӰһֻ޴׳צӣݺݵĸ
䣡
һ죬ħԳֱӱһצˡ
ħԳô̵ˡ


1330 
ħħԳսڽʣħˡ
֮ˣѷ׷룬ҲĿõλ֪䣬ѡ
ಣಣ
ǣ뽭֡ȥħ֮󣬱ٶȼսš
׻һͬź׶ǼСļ֮УЭڷ˶ɱɱ
ǼƲԣڶǿߵ׺ƣǿǷǳҳں֪ԼǺǵĶ֡
䣡䣡
һ죬ǾǷȼڵľѪһɹӴħϱ˳ʵû뵽ǾȻΪǻ
ȻһҲҪһͬᣡŭ˱ŭӭɱƴԵչҵķ
ɫأѪħһѪɫϵĺϮ׻ûĸΪ֮ͣź׵Э׻Ǳȵ͡
𣡡
ŭһֱ壬ֱӱһͨβ޴βЯǿľݺݵɨ
˫۳죬ŭѣֱӻеĳɨľβŭն˹ȥ
飡һ
һصնľβϣȼѪ֮ʵһԵʵʹһǱһ˳ȥ
׻һ󾪣ŭֱ嵽ǰŭһͨХѣ
ţ׻ſѪ޿˻Ȼ֮䣬ռƺҪѿһ㣬һɼҪһеĳ
ƣ
һֱһӭǿ񱩵һնȥ
䣡
һ죬ӿһǿ񱩵ݻ٣ǿ˲㱻Ϊһɹɣɢ˿
͵һ£ɫŭͻȻƵ˰׻ͷ֮ľ𳤽ŭȥɣ
һ˫һ𣬳ƬƬѪ˹ȥڳеϮȥ
΢΢һҲ֪ѪħԲԸЩѪԼ죬һȰƵ˰׻¡
һֱ𳤽ݺݵĴӰ׻ȥ
飡
һ죬һʹֱӴӰ׻Ƴ׻ӱ㱬ը˿ΪһƬҽųźס
ȼѪʵȷʵǿ󣬶̶Ƭ̣㽫׻ˡȼѪĸҲ󣬽׻֮ĵ󣬿ڴŴҲ޷֧ŵ̫á
ײ֪׻ܹиֻ֪ΪԼͬ飬λͬսʢŭѡ
ಣ
ֱȥһѪɫѪϮ
Ѫϵģκһʱ䶼˷ѣųźѪħĹıƽ˺ס
˫۽Ȼ塣
˵ٶȼ죬˲Ҫһ
ڷ״̬֮Уеĳǿҵĺâŭź׽еҲȥɣ
ǾҪû׳һۼһɱ͵ּѪ
Ҳ㣬ֱһնȥ
䣡
쾪һݺݵնЩѪ֮УĹ⻡⵽һɿµǱȥ
ɱˣһױˣӰֺݺݵĳɱ
ˣڱеĺȴԵ÷ǳ侲˫˸ɭĺ⣬ǿ˰Ľųɱе
ȥɣŭһӵ˺׵ǰѾõĳǿľŭĺն˺ס
ݣ
ɭĳְͬĻ
ۼţ׾Ҫһ֮ʱͻȻһʧֻһѪ
һ£ǷնЩѪ
飡
һѪδӦ֮ȴǴһ˼ˣ
һû뵽׵ͻȻ֮죬ʵӦ˵ڵľѪѾ˲٣ʵѾ˲١
ݣ
ɭһ̶ֱӴؿڣڵ˳׵кպһѷĳ
㡭Ľѡ
ҵħɲֹѪħ͹ҡ˵ݺݵı㽫˳
ҽһµľУص׹ȥһλˡ
񣬵ⲻѡ
һߣСĲסҲǿҪβ
ϾСͬǴﵽн׼ʵǺȼ˾ѪҲֵĶ֡СĹǿͣЯſµ׵֮ȹƻֶ֮ԺһӰ죬ұȵʵҲǱƵǱĵزͺ޷֮
Сӵ׵ԣٶȱ˵Ҳǲֶã˵Ǻˡ
ಣಣ
СŹȵӰֻɼһס˺
亹Ͳ׽СӰ
ݣ
ͦ𳤽ı
һɱɫһݣǾˣ
䣬СĴڣȫĹֶΣɱڵɱȡ
ɫһû뵽ôƴɱԼ
ǣҲ޾⣬еĳ
ͳһƵȵǰŭĺն˹ȥ
ݣ
ǿĽİԵǿǺȼѪ֮ȫһ
ɫһһͬѸһ㣬Ƕ㲻ȥˣҧ˫ӭźһƴ˺һ
أ
˫һһƬƬ⻪𵴿ǿĻ
һ⵽һɾ޴ֱһѪ˳ȥ
һóѣзѪĹâɱȡ
شо˺ٶɱѾû㹻ȥסĹˡ
ಣ
ͬĳȥٶȼޱȡ
ͻȻ
ںΪһҪȵ֮ʱһľӰƾն֣һֻӴĻƽɫĴһ˫СѪɫӣĶź
ûǻ֮С
һҲȻ壬ŭߣɱ
С˫һ裬ĲмȻһ޼ѣ
䣡䣡
һϽɫĴ׳ǿ籩һ㣬ĺϮ£ڵĿռ֮ԱЩϽ̸ǡ
֣δ˿ֲĹ
£ֹסΣȫ֮ӾеĳЩϽ׵ĺϮ
䣡䣡
һһļװԵϽףϮС廯֮ʵȫȼѪĺټ׵֮İԵǿ
һϽ䣬˫ֲһشвϵѪ޷κεķ
ڣСֹͣ˹ӴľĸźЩȥɱˡ
ʱͷɢͷԵǱѡ
Ҹƴˣŭڽ֮ŭɱȥ
ϧδƵСǰ
͡һ
һɭĳͻȻӺؿڴᴩѪ
벻ʵĲ
һǻġں𣬻ֳȵӰ
С̾ڿգԵüƽҪΪ˸ȳڶղСһ±ɱ˺
λִˡ


1331 ڳ
Ӷ
Сȣû°ɣͻȻȵǰȿѪɫ
û¡΢΢ͷСмлл㡣
ʲô˵ԺҲɩأɩӵİȫҵΡС٩ŴЦΪȵ
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ʲôҲÿԺˡС
˵Ųھɱ㣡ŭ
ˣʲôʱ˻˵ЩƳˣȻŷǱ˵ھֻʣһȥһ֮ɣ
˶٣ֶ˵Сȣˣͺúɡ
΢΢ͷҲûҪȥˡ
ɱһǱɱȥ
С˫һ裬һɱǱߡ
ʱ뱩ǲš
Ƿһ˾ͲöԸˣּϱȸ䣬ͼѾʤˣȼѪҲռκεơ
˹ǿͣսˣ˫ȭ
Ȼʵֻ׵ʵǿͣЭŷ˵ĻǽƵˣһ˿ĻᶼûС
ֵܣһ֮һʵ𣬺׳
һɱ֮ɫ
ݣݣ
һ߰Ѫɫͬǹֵһ㣬Ϯ
ѾˣڵľѪҲǲˣźѪħҹƣֻܻеĳһ߿ֵһ߲ˡ
һкսڣȵɱ
Ȼ˵һͬɱ˹ȥԸź׵ѪħԹ˲ϾˣôȥӦԷǵĹ
һ̣Ҳ÷ˣŭ쵰Ӹƴˣ
ԱȻҪԱˣ
ûˣһͬԽռһ㣬˲ǰŭһȭصĳȥ
飡
һ죬һȭϡ
ʹһһȭҪȥڱ֮УѪ罦ھԱĻᶼûˡ
͵һ£ֱƵǰȭչǷצһ㣬ݺݵĶؿڴץ˹ȥ
ͣ
ͫױ˼ȵĲʡ
ʱ򣬷˵ֶֻѾؿڣѪ֮ܵУȵסһ
ƭɣȷʵûлˡ˵͵һӱ㱬ը˿ǡ
ڣֻʣˡ
Ĵ˵ò˶١
Ľ죬׿ͳ˲ٵĿټϽЭĻȼѪҲöԸ
һһĬƵм֮֮ѹ̵˺ۣѪܡ
ಣ
СͻȻ˹˫צ͵ıƵǰֱӱץ˹ȥ
㵲ѣСĹٶȼ죬Ӧ˵С͵Ϯ

ʹһǰʹȻСץ˺ü֮ǵѪڡ
ǺǣоΣСЦ
뽭һСϲѡ
ˣŭŭĳСɱ˹
С⣬ǶԸȲбܽ˵ͲΪ塣ڼСɱ뽭ҲûҪȥˡ
ݣ
ĳ۶ֱСؿڡ
С˫۽סĽơ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ŭһСؿڴ֮ʱСͻȻ仯һһ㣬ƾʧ
ɫһպ˸ա
һ̣СԤװֵ࣬ͬǯӰצ֣ȵĿϣбȥһ׵֮
ʹһУдԴʹһǴеȥ
쵰ŭһڳһȭŭĳСȥ
Сƺ׼һȭչСƺһ㣬ӭڳһֿ֣ȭץ˹ȥ
飡һ
СȵĽסһȭ͵һ½ǰ͵ĳ˹ڳһƣֱӴؿڡ
ͣ
Сݺݵؽڵǿг˳չǰ˵֮ǰܹҲ޺˰ɡ
ɫһͣ˾֮ɫȻص׹ȥ
λԶ䡣ħЩĿһĻˣһƬ֣һŵɫҰף߶һˡ
ǺǣСֵܣɱˡЦ뽭һͬǰ
ţ׵Ҳһһ
ǽЩһˡСЦ
Ʒ硭̧ͷ죬ɫ
ʱƷذ˭Ҳ·硣
ǾȥƷֵһ֮ɣ˵
ˡСЦǺǣҴѾˣǷģ𻹲ҴĶ֡
⡭üڼƷս˶ƾУ˵׼˭ʤ˭
ˣͻȻ˵˶ʱ侯
оˣǿһСأս׼
һİ˵ԭǡ
˭ʵ
ǺǣħǷôĶΪЩǻ𣿡һЦþϣǶʵ㣬Ҳ³
ٺ٣ҵܹɱأڻûءС˷ܵЦ
ʱħʮ￪֮أ֮һӰݡ
ûЩڳǵ
оˣüǿϢѾʧˡϷ循
ɫأ֡û뵽ħǾȻᷢ˶ңһ˺üİǿϢڵľħǵ˰ˡ
˿̣ļħǵĸ߿֮Ӱļţ˵ʵƾС
ǡɫ
Ʒ磡ص˵û뵽һﾹȻʵȻ𿹺⣬ʵ̫Ԥˡ
ÿ£
˾ѣҲ˾ѣ֮ǰ˵ƷѾħˣôƷͻȻһ
ٶħǵϿȥȻŽʮλǿߣҲǳħȥģڳѾе˾޴ѹ
ڸΣϷ岻ʡ
ߣԸһǾˣܾ˵ĻǴɼˡߵ

˳ͷƷ綷ѷ֣˭ʤضⲻ˸Щۣڳ֮
ħϵЩǿߣڳԸҲû̫⡣


1332 ռԾ
䣡
һƶĺһƬųӴİ쵣·̻ļΪɽ
ƷָԱ˿ŭĿӡ
һеĻҪѶԸѵҪʹÿħ𣿡Ʒ簵ĳ˼ţħĻżķգϾƷ绹˽ħ޶Ǿ߱ħˡ
࣬δйأߵģôоһﻹأǸʱ͵ҪȶԸˣ
¿֮׷ݲɫȻʱͣ˽ȴֿ籩ѹ֣˿ɶǽӽħʵ
ѾˣƷͻȻ¶ѾҵˣֻϣȻһ֮ԶԶ޷ǵģ
ЦЦһƷ˵ҺħҲǻˣȿ֮ҼˣϧǶѾҵҲ⣡
˶٣΢΢¿մڳǣΪҰǾͿԺùǣҰˣƷҲΪڶңǾ͸ûӹǾͱڣ
ڳһ㶣ĻԾǳ˵ȥġ
λΣϷ岻ʡ
ߣֻڼѣȥԸƷǵˣǲûôɵͼúÿűǡһ
ڳҲҲƷǲͻԺĻӡ
СɫڳɱҲǽȻ塣
ߣЩһǵı˰ɣ֪ߵغ񣬲һͬɱȥǣߵսڡ
ɡС˵ȻҲҪɵǣǱҴ磬Ҵ˺ٶԸǲΪ塣
Сֵ˵ûڳͻĻܾ˵ĿɾˣֻҪǾͿˡ׳
ԼĻûܶڳЧޱȵķŭ
Ʒ˫۽ܴĺ𣬷̵ΪЩЩɵ𣬺οѾһУǻأ
ߣҰˣҲԲù˵οڰܵ˻һңɣ
˵꣬ѻ꽣ƺֳһֵķţʣһȦȦڰ֮ɫĲƵ˿ǵɱе¶Ȼںеѻ꽣УֹĳһźɫĻ档
Ʒ֪ںһ𽣣ڵԪҲУǿУƷϱһɹɿֲ
ħ׻ն
һصһͬ˺ѿռһ㣬Űȵĸа޾ɱȻֳһ޴СһֲĲɭɭ޿ڣҪһڽƷһ㡣
׻նǺǿħ֮һѻննҪǿϽʮ
¡¡
ƺҪرѵĿֲ˰л𺣣ǵһ㣬ıƷϮ
ƷѽۼźһϮųһƣ
ƣ
Ʒ񾳽ǿԪҪ龡Ʒ֮˿ںһ
ݣ
Ʒһ˺նȥŲĹ⻡ŵľ޻
䣡
һ죬ͬƾɵ֮УһƬƬű˿Ĵ֮Уħ֮ڣؿ񱩵ķţѳĹ֣ԭһݻĽȺ׷׵
ţֲĳ֮Сڳ֮䣬ɫķ׷ױˡħǸȺһƬƬڲҽƷ
ֲ̫ˣ
ĳѾҪӽħˡ
ʱڸ߿֮У⻪˸ҰһƬģüĻҡ
Ʒ䵽ߣ֮ԶȻĻ̻꣬ıɢ˿֮ȥ
׻նû˵𰵾ӸղŵһУȻ⵽һɾ޴ķѻ꽣жƷĻ깥֮ʱҲ⵽һǿ֮Լ֮Բ
ͬ˼䣬ƷҲǰѣѾƷڶʹˣȻǶԺһЩᴴѡҴӸղȥһĶ֮УƷĻҲ⵽һػԼѾﵽԪ֮ǺһԴݻԼĻ塣
¿֮ڳ֣ͬ磬ΪλƷǻ֮󣬻κһ˵Ļǵһ˲ǡ
ò˵ȷʵǿȶֵĻħ֮ѾǳˡƷ˵
ǺǣӦǵҪлĳްɡƷ絭ȻһЦںͬǿ֣ƷҲǿҵս
Һܲף֮Ǳ˴˫޺ôԺмĻΪħǿߣ֣ħ֮Уռݸأʱõ֮ޱȵķ񡣡˵Щʱ򣬺жֲƷȥˣ˭ʤԿľԻǺԼ
Ǳоϻô˵ģһɽݶ֮䣬̸ĺƷ絭Ļصĺ𽣣ɫȻ˵գһ
һڣһ۶ȥ
Ʒ˫һ裬źĹ켣
ݣ
ɭĳЯ׾ݺݵĳƷüĴȥ
Ʒһˣе͵ֳֶӰÿһӰнΪʵԵĴڣ籩Ϯ˺
𾪵һ£֪ƷĽµĺܣֹסΣеѻ꽣Ļһ塣
ƷͻȻһȰӵ˺ĽͻȻһ壬𽣵ı˫ֲ⻪䣬ںΪһ壬һ޴Ľ壬ĽӰɱ˺
Ȼɫ䣬ֶ̿ˡ
ݣ
弫죬ͬһ㣬һգ۱Ƶ˺ǰصĻȥ
Ӧ죬ҲԵЩִ٣еѻ꽣ǰ
أһ
Ľһ׵罻֯ſֲĲƣһ־춯ذĸо
ƽһ⵽һѪڣƷһǿб˳ȥ
ת֮䣬Ʒλ֣˲ӵ˺ͷϿ֮ͷһ㣬صһֶźնȥ
㵲ѣֳѻ꽣ֱȥ
飡
һ죬һ㣬ſѤĲĻһµĽͬ˸һ㣬ںϿϮŰš
ƷĽƸƵһ䣬ŭ֮£һ͵ıӿһݺݵĽƷĽƸɢ˿
Ʒ羪ɫ˻ȥ
¿֮˽Ծû뵽ǱƷƵȾ


1333 ׻ʯ
ǿ
ħΪ֮
ڳˣѾʼˣܾ˵ĻƷʵҲԲ̫Զ
ϾڳѱƷչֳʵˡ
סƷʵ˽ò࣬û뵽Ʒܹħм̵ʱڴﵽʵħʷеĻܼ
ʱǱϵòŭѣʱᱻ˸Ƶȵزһǵô˵ƷгԿԺ˵һĪ衣
ƷҪҲЧɱӺڵڳٳħŵӣȥ𣬲Ե
һսϵƷԺħе㡣
ãܺãɫַƷĶ˫۳죬ڷŭĳ鶯ţƷ˵˰ɣ
ˣʲôˣƷ΢ɻ
ǺǣƷ磬ȻȷʵռϷ磬ѾоڲϵĺľֻҪٹһʱ䣬˵ҲͲΪˡһЦ
Ʒ΢΢һ˵ȷʵûʹǿмƷӤеԪȷʵ˴롣
ܾԲµƷ绹־ԵֶΣһƷ绹ԽпħպܴȲѵĻƷ绹ǻʹõģƷĺ壬֮ǿ߱ħ׵ʵӦǷǳܵģܻԺӰ죬ƷҲʱʹá
ҲƷʹõģǴռãھҪȥԸ֮䣬Ʒڴռдһǿڻûôռʱ
ƷĿģҲҪĽһ˵ѾƷһֶˣͬǿĶֽǴ洦ġ
ʵƷҲҪ£𣬵˵ҰĺܴĺԼ¶ϲġ
Ʒ˼˻ŰЦǺǣӦ˵˴˱˴˶ѣҲҺòȥ
ߣʹˣһҾȻܹư꣬ô᲻ΪԼһأ
Ʒ΢ź𣬷ԽԽˡ
ᶮġһЦѪ֮ͫУȼһܴ
Ȼ֮䣬һ֮ͨȻȼȵĻ棬µĸ£յĿеȰ졣
ǿĻ֮Ʒľѣɾ
֮У˫˸Ѫ⣬ЦţӿĻ棬صĻܳϮȥ
ƷɫȻѻ𽣣ȶˡ
جΣڲĿʼЦţһɿֲеü䱩ңһ׻ͬ߰Ĵš
˾ѣ˿̺֮ǰҪӵǿû뵽𾹻֮ʵ
ãȽǵȥƷ磡
ҡҡͷ˵ȥҲãϾʵ̫ǿˣȥĻֻƷֵɼĸ
Ʒ֮ɫȻо˺ǿ
ҴɣС˵̧ͷƷ磬ֵҴһܹܺģҼţ
ʱƷɫأʵ֮ǿ֮ǰĺҪǿսѵҪʹÿħ
ѹصѹ
Ʒеĺͻ˾ѾԿˣƷ֮ɫ˫֣ڵĿħѪ׼Ҫˡ
ˣƷͻȻ뵽ʲôϲѣȻֽ׼ĿħѪѹ˻ȥϷЦݡ
ȣ
ŭһ˫һչĻŰԭѪɫգ̼ƺȾһƬ֮ɫ
䣡
װľ죬ӴĻ֮У徹Ȼڿµţڲϵ׳ţ֮Ҳڲϵš
һĻĿࡣ
㣬ӾȻ˽ʮߴʮ֮ߣԭ˵Ѳˣȡһųªݡǣĺͨ徹̸ŲӲĺʯһ㣬Ʒʯͷһ㡣
ں״̬һʯˣͬǺľʯҪӿֲȼܵ׻𣬾޴֮ͫгʰѪ֮ɫͬǻһ㣬产ˡ
ǡ
ޱ㵣û뵽ı徹ȻǸޣƾޣʵˣıҪǿ˺üǾ޵ɢĻˣľ岻ѡ
һĻڳѾΪƷҪںˣ޻֮ĺʵ̫ǿˣڳȻǺĶ֡
⡭⵽ʲô̫̫ˣȲ˵˵ȥԸھɢǿϢȲ塣
Ǿ׻ʯޣص˵
׻ʯޣ˾㵲ѡ
벻û뵽ħ֮УȻֿµޣɳȥĻΪħǿ֮Ǿ͸ӿˣ˵ױڤˣ˽ñȽ϶ࡣ
ʵ׻û˵ʵ飬ǾǾ׻ʯڤвſɴڵһޣû뵽ڤħ֮ħоȻ־׻ʯޡ
׻ʯޣߡ
Ϊ׻ʯҪڼ֮أʮſɵһޣֽʯޡӵżߵ츳ʵͬг׿ӵޱǿ
ƷܶԸ𣿡Ⱦʡ
֪ƷֵܻܿΣա׳
УҾԲƷһȥԣȽеȥȴ׸ǿгסһĳ˵Сȣʱͱˣ˵㣬˶ȥҲǺĶ֣ͱƷֵˣ
ǡһδӡ
ûʲôǣ׵ȣ̧ͷƷ磬һŰ˵ͬˣѲ
ʱ޵ĺ߰İƷ磬װĳƷ磡ǵһܱƵʹñˣҵУҲˣ
˵棬¼£Ʒһ𽣣֮͵ֱ嵽˺ǰȫһն˹ȥ
ޣѻ꽣ѾʺʹˣȭƷһĺ˹ȥ
أ
һ죬ƷһնǾȭУһɾ޴ǹĹ֮УƷɫĵ˳ȥ
ñ̬սƷ级Ȼʧɫû뵽֮ĺǿ˷˼
оΣܰɣЦΪеȭͷǲмƷ硣


1334 ǿ
ףҿǵ͹ʵ
ͻˡ
ͻƣôܣŶõʱ䣿
Ǻǣһʵ̫Ȥˡ
Ǹȥֹʵǲ
ߣǲһҰĺܴҶˡ
Զڰ֮УӰһλǸεӣһλ˫ߣҲڹעⳡ֮
ʱƷĶţʮ
ǿķҪԸķѺЩˡƷ簵ĳ˼ţʵղһҲֻΪȥ̽ʱʵǳȹҪǿ˺öࡣ
Ʒͣ˹ƣĵôѲˣǺǣƷ磬ղŵǲ֮𡣡
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Ʒʵ˪ܵȻҪȺǿ࣬ú벻ǣû뵽Ʒл˺˪ܡ


1335 ǿƷ
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ڳɻѣǵȻϵƷϵ˪ܣôеаƷѵ˶֪
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䣬ͳ˹ڱƽƷ֮ʱ˫һӴĻˣ飬̺ľ
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𱬺һ͵𵴿һĻɫΣ̺żǿľЩĽ壬Իƺķߡ
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1336 Ա
ҪˡͻȻ
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𲻻ᡣҡҡͷ
ΪΣʣҲе⡣
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ˣɫһ䣬ʧԱȻҪԱˣ


1337 ǿ
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ƷչȥֻǿϧǵӰԼԿĿǵϵıӰ֮УƷȴǸоһɳصѹѹƷ綼Щ
Ʒ羪亹²ŭλħǿߣ΢΢ѭǵӰ֮Ʒͷһԡ
ֱǵϵıӰ֮Ʒʮײ֮ʱİһһ㣬Ȼ
ǣһӰȴƷһ޿Խľɽزѡ
ʱǵӰƷ磬䵭ʵƷ磡
Ʒ壬ȶ֮󣬱ϹϾĻصǰƷ硣
ߣǺôĵӣͬըװĳ֮ͽȻͷųһɿֲѹֱѹƷ硣
Ʒһѹ֮УƷоȫҪѹһ㣬ʹܣǺ죬ѹƷ˫ſʼԵЩ
ôһѹƷͲ
ǣƷһ򲻻˹£ڵĵѹЩļվš


1338 ħ
ֻһ򵥵ѹѹƷܲѡ
ƷоѹҪԼ̽ԼʵƷѡ
ȻƷһ򲻻ôǶԷʵԶԶǿԼƷȻִǿš
λǿߺǾȣҲԵΪͣвһĨЦݡ
Ȼǿϱ㳷˻
Ʒһȫ亹Ϊ֮ǿɼλǿ߾ԲͨħȻƷɲ˵ʧܡ
лǰɱ֮Ʒ繰ֵ
ߣ˵Ͳɱ𣿡ǿһƷĤ߾ըһ㣬Ϊ
Ʒ£ħħǿߵĻƢ˴ĦæǰҪɱҵĻСκεķ
㷴𣿡ǿ߲мĻص
ǡǣǰҪɱҵĻֱ練ƣǰҲܹסƷ˵
ߣڱϽ֮˷˶ңݲͻȻðкĿģǿߵ
ȻƷ룬λǿ߱Ƿħ
Ʒȶ˵ǰֻǸйˣҺĿģ˵ѾãżҰģҳȥҲֻΪڳصİ
˵õͦõġħתĶƷ磬˾֮£Ʒ羹ȫħĿ
Ʒ羪£ֵʹҲĻҲڲҲֻΪԼѡ
ߣٸҳЩûõĻʲôⱾĺܡħߵڸʵĻش𱾾һ⣡
ǰ˵Ʒ纹յ
ħʲôϵħʵ
ħ壿ƷȻȻ֪ħʲô壬ƷԼĿħӦйءϾںԱʱƷ統ʱѾ˿ħѪҲ̫סħ
ٸװɵǸопħѪŻ־㣬ñסħ
Ʒ֪ҲסˣҶħҲ˺棬ʵĻصǵģӵпħѪȷʵǴӷˣǰ˵Ŀħ壬ƷһŲ֪
һŲ֪ħʵľ֮УͽȻֱâ֮һɿµƷڡ
ƷһоؿҪ˺ѿһ㣬ʹ̣Ʒ绹ǿżʹǿ˵ǰ˵öǾʵǰŵĻɱң
ߣǱɱ㣬Ҳ˶ˡħ˻Ʒ˳ɫħҲӦü˶ƷĻɡ
ǰ˼Ʒ粻ǺסƷ
̫СˣںԱ֮ʱ͹ǹܻԱдҲΪӽˣʱ֮ǰ˸ڤ䡣ħĻص
ڤ䣿Ʒһ㵣ڻûʲôо
ıΪ׻ʯޣڤ֮Уܹʩ´Ҳħ˵
ô˵ĻڤˣƷԵúܾȡ
ûҲڲǰŲġħ΢΢ͷ˵ʵ˴ܹȥ𣬱Ҫ㣬ֻǶݲѣΪԲκвڱϽء
ǰ˼ǣѾˣƷ¶˼ϲɫ
ߣˣͷϻǱܣҶԱϽƬزĻɱ㣡ħݺݵ˵
Ʒ粻ҡƷ֣̿˶ֿǰɷҳȥƬ̣ҵҵǻΣգҲټȽµĻƷԵصڴˣǰͷ
ǷȥˣҲɶκεħصڿ߼ԡ
Ʒһ£ɰǰ̤һ
ȻôһոأƷֻͻȻ佩ӲסˣȻƷǳԾļԼĽ֮УȻһں֮ɫʯ㣬һ㣬ٶ
ô£Ʒ羪ֲѡ
ɱСڤ䣬µһֿµͬħ˵򵥵˵㶯κʩչĻ㶼ǺıһɻʯֱȫΪһ߻ʯ壬֮󣬺¸
ɣһҲʵ̫ܶˣȻҰôһƷŭ
ߣйȥˣȥԼɣħߵ
Ʒ簵ŭѣڤĺݣǷħܹԼȥҲʲôһʱƷ羹Ȼ֮С
룬ƷֺǲʣչʼԼѲӣȴһ񣬸͸оⶾǴԼڵĴط
Ѿ˼ˣ˴ڤ䣬Ǿ޷Ƴġħ˵
Ʒһʧ䣬ļڴҵİΣֻܶһѣ̧ͷͷŷħ˵ǰƷ綷ܹҳȥ䣬ƷԵЧǰ
ЧңñҪҲ̫߹ԼˡħİĿǻص
Ʒ粻Ҹ߹ԼҲ֪Լǰ˵΢Ʒ绹ǿǰܹңԺƷ綨𡣡ƷֵҲֻƾоȥħԼˡ
Ǳ㣬ΪԼΪǣħʵ
ƷֵǮҲҵǶˣܹǶȹѣƷǰġƷһɫ˵
ƷĻش𣬷ħƺ¶˼֮ɫȻɲϡôӦҵһҪĻɱ㣡
ǰǺҪƷԵȫԸƷɫᶨĻص
ڸ¡ħ˵
ƷȻŷħĻʵʵϥ
ţħ㻺̧֣֮УȻ۳һǿ
͵һ£ħ㽫еһ˲עƷڡ
Ʒ͵һ𣬱оһޱǿԼڣʹ༫£ҪΪʹĥһһӿƷڡƷ־ᶨ¾ôһ͵ýƷľ־ϸ
ħϵƷעһδ֪Ըо伫䲻򵥣ħ׵ľͽƷеڤ䡣
ƷΪʹͣҲоħҪԼȶǿܵǿʹûжԷħԼκεķ
ϾħҪɱƷĻ㶯ָͷƷ硣


1339 
ˣ
ħϿ֮ɫأƷ粻֪֮ʧ֮󣬺Ǳ㼴ڳв
񣬺ǽΪȥֵĹ˼ʵڳĻǾǷǳԿġ
ֵܣֵܣ鷳ǺúջСȡ˵
ǰɡ뽭ֳͷһȵǰ
ҲҪȽе
Сȣˣ״̬Ӧǻᾡʱ䣬ſȡָĻᣬʱǻԮءص˵
£΢΢ͷ׸ôˡ
ȱڱ뽭ֵıӻ֮£ƵħУҲɵõָʵʱ䡣
ߵĻڳͣһǾ߲˵ġ
ߣҷҲһǣߵ
ûֻƷضЩһڣ˵
΢΢ͷСʵСֵܣƷֵĻţ
ȻҲ֪ģΪҴԼޣܸоҴڻúõģֻҲȫӦõҴںδƺһĳˡСص
ƷֵһЩ鷳ˣǾסǣԲǵóˡ˵
һû¹ǣС
˵ţ֮УȻˢˢĳһӰ
£ƶʮλǿߣ˵ڳǼеǿ߶ѾˣһŲ֮⣬׷׽١
ħǵЩˣŨŨЩˡڿǷǳƷ磬ԶںһҲǳ˵ǡ
סСˣЩŭ⡣
ЩǼֻкˣ΢΢£תϷ׷¶аЦݡ
ڼ֮ʱȻǳ𾪣֮ʱߵЩųмϤû뵽׾ȻλǿߡСǵĻȴԵ÷ǳ֮İ
ɫأŶʮλǿߣвٻ߱н׵ʵڵǱѹ˼Щ
ųпˣԵúܾȰźЦǺǣӦõ˵ǺɣǸеⰡ
Цˣ֪λΪ⣿ֱʵ
ǺǣǿǺǰȻɱħǡЦЦź˵ǣѾΥڳǵĹǲ᲻ɣ
ûռκεǣƻ򣿶ǵԭδõڳǵĳϣҲڹ֮С׳
Ʒأ֮ʱõϿɣռһΪȻһЩݲ֮ˣħھǾûΥ𣿡ź˵
ڵ˼ǣʵСȴѹסеŭҪʵ˲٣Щš
ɣҲ˺˫洦ֻҪ뿪ħأǹҿԷ뿪ЦǺǣǿǹˣϣǲЩ޴顣
ϾǿĿ˺ǵʵ˵˼ǲܵģǺҪƴĻҲԻʧġ
ԣС̲סˣǿ汰ɣƴԸǣǵݺݵˣ뿪ûţ
ߣʲôϷߵ
ǶˣСмķ̵
ˣϷŭµˣ㻹ҿڳԣ
СĿſڳҲŭѣѾ׷ɱ
ǿЦΪǻЩС𣡡СЦһ͵һ𣬱ǿҵĹ⻪
Щһ׷׾
â֮УСֳ˱״̬޴̾ڿգһ˫絶аӣɨЩǡ
ҲǺǵ׷Ա
˵ǲˣǳ
ߣ̫ƵԼˣСһݺݵ˵ʵ˵ҿҴƷԼޣ˵ҲǣҴڻúõĻţǸҷĻǴҴǾǵڣ
ЩһСȷʵǸ壬ƷԼޣСúõĻţƷҲԻš
ߣƷ绹Ҳ֮ҪȻѾˣλǧҪĵһȳȥһҵƷ磬ҵ֣ƷΣߵ
˵û˴λѵãЩһˣԺɾûǴڵĵطˣǸ˵
õͦõģҸǣҴشҲ˵ҵͿҵġˣҴԲŹǣøúõʱ˸ĵطûУǿɾûúˣСЦ
Щ֮ѾʼԵЩҡˡϾղǿĿƷʵˣǾǿԱƷ綼ûĻƷʵжǿǿɶ
СЩǣֳ˵οƴĻƾЩС˻ֵ˶ٱˣ
ûҷǾݹǲ飡һһ𣬾ڱһǿµ
ħ弶״̬˿һħս塣
ħǵȾѣ˵ĿħЩܵС
ҲԵüΪ𾪣ƷʵѾǳ˽ˣƷߵЩˣһǱ̬Ĺ
ʵҲǷǳ֮ΣȻƷѾԼ˵ħоԲ׵ı¶ħս壬ڷѾûѡˣסЩǵĻǵĴɾǷǳΣˡ
˭Ļܿԣ˿Ľе
һ֮£Щԭ;ûЩе㲻׷˿ȥʵЩǵ˼ͲµġǿɶɵӣЩ˳ǵܵõٵĺô
ǼǵľλѾȴˣȻЩŭҲԤ֮е顣
Ѿоλ˳ⳡʣ˳ǵҲǻʮλǿߣлλн׾ߡ
ǵЩǿ˳ܳܵѹҲǼ˲٣ֻʤ㻹ûж٣ƴĻ
СֵܣֵܣòװĴź䶢˵λǿǿûУϵļһǿʼˣ
ϷԵЩЦЦ˵ǰʲô¶״ģҴѾˣԡҾͲˡ
˵꣬Ϸ˵һߡ
Դױɱ֮ϷǵĵλѲգǶѾϷЩҪ뿪˼ˡ
ɫѿû뵽ϷǸ̰ļһǵĺ뺣ûҪӵ˼


1340 ٶɱ
ϷһˣԺǶʮλں˵Էܹһλǿ߲룬ѹҲһ֡
ЦһϷЩ˵ǺǣǵѡһǶԵģΪѵĻƷ֮ǵĺô˶٣һǵڣЩԲҪΪеĻǿɾԲʲô³
ߣв𣿡ߵ
ңֻǷȰѡ׵Ȼ
ǿЦЦһݺݵ˵ɲЩ̰󱲣ҲôױŻģԺƷ绹ǣʱǵƾһ֮Σ
Ǻǣ壬ҵȺĻܳȥǣԺħȻǵˣһЦ
Ϸԥ£ЩڵģֹȥԻˡ
ȻΪϷЩǵǣȥһѡ
ʱɫ࣬ǵ˼ǲưոˣʮλǿߵԺ״̬ǼѶԸ
ߣڵ˼ҪԸˣʵ
ǿûô޴ԿҪʧˡɫһкȻֳһȵɱ
䣬Ǳһͬɱڵĳ˹
ɫһ䣬֮
ಣಣ
ǡ뺣λнǿߣΪǵһͬɱ˸оΪķˡ
Σǳǵһλǵλ£ɱ˺ס
Ƕǵһλ캮ǵ캮λʵﵽнʵǿ֡
󣬱ǰǵλ뺮ǰǵİгǵУλһͬɱС԰ʵǿﵽнס
СŭһƾռϿմʮɫǿԵĺ˰ǡ
֪ӽֵּţıС
СʵھǱ廯֮ҲܷӳʵҲļ࣬ǾȻܿͱƽСǰ
ݣݣ
һĽâٶӰ˵Ľлޱȣ˾ʮݺݵĳСľϮȥ
СϴҵĹ㣬СķҲģչ˫ۣǿ͵ȶš
أأ
һ죬ϮĽâԱСס
С˫һ裬һһ㣬ԼĳٶȣЯſµ׵֮͵ĳ˰ǡ
Ǿ㵲ѣû뵽ʵ֮СʵȻ˿£룬С۷״̬ĻСĶ֡
ಣ
С˹ǿԵ׵֮Ϯ
ס羪һУ׷˽ֵ
䣡䣡
һǿ͵ľصĳ˰ǵ˰ǿֵܹסں밲еĻСǳżľ޴˿ȥ
һóѣС׵ķŹǡ
͵һ£Сֳ˹ȥٶȼޱȣֻһգ۵ĹС˲ӵ˺ǰѹѹľӰס˺
ɫһ䣬ȴҲǷŭĻ𳤽նС
ǣСĹٶʵ̫ˣ޴צӣһӱ㴩˺ؿڣȻֱӶ˺ڵ
ֵܣ羪һŭų͵СǰŭȵҪ㳥
ݣ
ͬѿհĽӶ֮ŭȫ֮һǿҵĺâСӣݺݵ˺ն˹ȥ
С΢΢һճСʹٿҲȥһƺСҲûҪ˼ڳľצݺݵӭŰһץȥ
أһ
Сľצڰնĳ֮Уǽֶһ׾С״ֱ̬ϰȫµһȷʵЩǿ
ţСƽһצһһ˳ȥ
ͬģҲûֵ˶ıˣСĹ֮УЯŰԵ׵֮ڰһСצǿ֮ʱڱһ׵֮ϮðĶ޷ٳ׷
ɱ
ŭһСˣŭĳɱ˹
Сһ˫չٶӿһ磬̺֮һ߰ĵ˰ǡ
Сʹ״̬ѣԸߵĻСҲʲôѶȣֻҪķѲٵѡ
֮Уǻδ嵽Сǰ㱻ǿֲ̾ľסˣеĳǰ
䣡
һ죬ʹһ˿Ѫ˳ȥ
һСǰŭһֳСͷնȥ
ڰͬĶ֣СڿɲҴ⣬ۼŰһϮС˿ȥ
㣡ô𣡡һӰ˲׷СǼǿһݺݵնС
СŭѣԼʵļ󣬲ȻĻԼǰ˲񡣵Ͼڲ֮УСŭĻӭŰһɨ˹ȥ

֮ͣӿ硣Ҳ֮⣬ǳСɨľӲӲǿն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬𵴿ӴĹơ
Сһ£ǿӻСҲǸоʹֱ˳ȥ
Ҳ⵽ǿķ𣬵С˵Ҫࡣ
ߣû뵽˴֮󣬾ȻгŵڣһС󣡡ĺһ˵Ѿûлˣֹ־ܰɣ
ʱЩ˵İ˹С
һȺﻹ˿См˵߰ͷ­һ޼ѣ
䣡䣡
һŹ⻪ľ޴Űǿ¡
˾ɫһ䣬û뵽С״̬֮¾Ȼܷӳ˿µ޼
ȻСʩչѵʱҲȷʵǺľ˲ٵһѾҲ̫Զ
ÿ񱩣֮ɫڼеҲסˣСһʵ̫ǿˡ
ǵһӦǱǾȫȥֵ
˵еĳӭͷȥ
¡¡
ԭӵըľ޴ĺ˰˵
һһҲƴ֮Ǳ׵ĺ𣬿Ѫ¡
ʵһףԵֵס׵Ĺֳеĳǿֲ׸ˣǿԵĽףŰ˵Ͽȥ
䣡䣡
еĻᶼûУ㱻׸һɶʵ¡
Сֺľ˼ɫЩȻӶʼЩҡˡ
ԵޱȵǱͷ粢ûбɱŭ𣬷ǿҵɱŭС


1341 ƽ
󣡲˰ɣСݺݵ˵
ɱ㣡˵𣡡С
ߣҵҪӲʲôʱ򣡡һɱֱС˹ȥ
СʵشֻƾԼ֮ȥ밵ǿƴˡ
͵ģСӭȥһ׵֮׺ĳ֮ȥ
ŭ֮У˾ͽһʱ򣬰ǿǿҵĺâݺݵĶСն˹ȥ
СҲ㣬ŭӭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ٶǿҵĹⲨһƬƬ⼫俪һ׺ᣬС֮㣬ȻΪĻܳԿ
𣡡
Сʹһ⵽ǿҵ˳ȥǿ֮УҲǱĽƿһ̵˿ڡ
ͬǷǳԾСȷΪ֮ǿҲ˻ȥֻûܵʵʵ˺
ߣһ֣ǲ֪㻹Ӳŵ˶ãɫһֽеСɱ˹ȥ
СϵСĹǿ밵ƴţۣСȻǿţΪƷһġ
һߣͬƲʹǷ˵Ĵ᧿Σ
ϵˣɽӵнʵǿߣǡ뺣֣Ƿڿħָ֮˲ٵսϾԵλͬǿߵĹ֧ŵѾǷǳˣսǳҡ
ͣ£ɱǽеͦеĻӻһĽâס˿Ϯȥ
뺣ǵĹ߼л֮ƣΧɱ˷ˡ
˴ŭ˵֣˿Ҵ⣬ڿħ֮󣬷˵ٶҲǿ࣬ΧϮĽâУŹȵӰš
¡¡
ƬƬĽâһ𣬱һը죬磬ҵĽݺŰ絶Ϭ
˿Ƿӵ˼£ǿס˵ҹ÷ǳķѵǵĹ̫ͣĬ˸зĻᣬֻھȥƿӲȥʱѡ
ǣôô׵÷˵óѣû÷дϢĻᣬһͬӽɱ˹ĳӸͬķ򼱴˷ˣѾס˷˵·ߡ
֮£˲Ѽˡ
ɱƣֻҪһˣǱһҪӲûκε·
˺ʱǱУڷŭˣڵĿħ֮ӿϱһǿ̶Ľƣ˫ȭֱӺһǿµ
ͽȻ֮䣬ļ˵˫ȭкһѪɫţЯżǿԾʮ㣬ͬ졣
ǲӣŷ˫ȭ֮Ҳһֳͬеٶǿ˼֣ǳѪɫбʹ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬麬ѪɫҲԿסͬʱֵĹǿҵıը˿Ѫɫƣɽֲɢ˿
ܵһĽϮıһ˺ۣʹıǾ˳ȥ
ҲԵúǱ޴ĳѪǿбȷ˻ȥΪ뷲˵˫ȭ֮⣬Ҳķǲٵ
ħ֮ȷʵǿ󡣡дΪԾ
ȶסΣŭˣ˫Ŀ죬ܴ֮󣬷˷սڣȻĳȵɣ
λӵпħս˻ս̼ǿսǱ̽һȻǵ鷳ɲˣЩһܻżǵıأ˵뷲Ƕܾ˵ĻǿܺЩ̵ֻٵıˡ
˵ûԸЩһԵúݣ
Ͳ֮ԸһСӣһŭɱ
ಣಣ
ˣǿǿ֣ٶȳŷɱȥ
֮ǰ⵽Щˣʵִļ˵ֹ׶Ըһɱ˱㱻ƵýڽڰˣչĻᡣ
ݣݣ
һХĽǿƷ磬ǷĻӴеĳһâϮŷˣӰƹΪ֮ǿ͡
亹ֱһ㣬һߵֵκ˫ȭѵ֣һҵĹ֮£Ѿʮ˿ڡ
ͣҪɱһŭ⣬ٶȼǿ˽еĹƣҪκĻᡣ
뺣Է˿ѾӵǿʵĹŷˡ
ݣݣ
ĽŰŷˡ
ǿֵ㣬ϧʵ̫ǿֻ˲ܽɥʧеԣڵҲڲϵš
ǣǷҲǷֵӵпħѪˣֻҪһڣǾ;Բ
СֵܣһѾ˷ǱߵľҲС׵ĴҲǺܺá
Ȼ˿̵ҲǷǳֹۡ
ǵķ캮ǵ캮λǴﵽн׵ʵ״̬ѵĻƾ뽣ҲǱ
ϧڵ˲ٵ˽ռһЩ֮⣬޷õӡ
ߣ㻹ȹ˺Լɣһ캮һͬųǿĴ
Ǵֹ̫ۣҲǱΪһɱӵе侲
֮䣬ȵĶܹ˷˵ĹҲֻƾϵסˣȥӸʱ䡣
캮ͱˣһȥסϵϢɱ˹
ಣಣ
ӰӶ캮ҲʵҲǿʼ»ѾҪٶˡ
ȻԵú侲˳ɱһƣĿ캮ϣܹ캮ǽشĻʤһЩ
һ£ٶȺܿ죬ڱܵļͻȻֵ캮࣬аѾõĳ캮ĲݵĴ˹ȥ
ݣ
ĳӹ
캮亹һ÷Ӧÿ죬һ
۽캮Ķ켣ѾƵ캮ķ;ƵͻȻıȥƣ캮
캮㵲ѣͻȻоԼô㣬޷ӹݵĺ֮£еһն˹ȥ
һЦʵֻҪ캮һ֣ζ캮Ѿˡ
˫ӹһ⣬Ǳ߲ɷһĨЦ캮֮ʱѾȫס캮ĳ켣ɶ֢ҩ»
ݣ
ͬ߰ĳǴ캮геĳԲĦű˹ȥӰеĳͬʱ캮һ
캮ͫһƺѾᵽһϢ
ͣ
Ѫеĳ캮ؿڹᴩڵҲǿж˹

캮ҽһ㱬ը˿
Ѫ⽦֮£մȾѪĳͬеɱһ㣬Ľŷ


1342 Σ
Ŀռ֮УħǳԾĶƷ硣
СڵķǳأȻձħǹĽƷ磬ڽƷеڤ֮УȵķƷ羹Ȼշħ
ʱƷĽ״̬֮УһŷħʩԼڵڤ䣬һǿ
ڤǳ£ԺΪƷʩ´˶䣬Էħʵ÷ϲٵĹ
ԷħƵĻҲҪϰʱܽƷڵڤ䣬Ʒ⣬ַǳŷħ־ᶨٹһʱĻƷܽڤ䣬ʵԻָ
ǺǣŲٵ𣿲Сʵ̫ȤˣΪ㡣ħֺЦ
ţħֲиӦȥüͷ壬ɫ¶֮ɫЦû뵽һ߾Ȼôߣǿǵʱ򣬱ɾͲˡ

ʱħǵϿ֮УڽŲҵ˺
ħǵЩǣҲͬ飬ֻȥںǡ
ϷڣҲǳԾѣǵʵҲʵ̫ǿˣ˲ٵȻҲô׵İ󣬷Ѿλǿˡ
ʵѾĽϷƷ绹ڵĻеˣҲԲƷ˵Ķ֡
һȥ캮ԵúܳԾּǷŭ
һɱڣ˹ȥ
ɫƽٳȥ캮֮ѹѾ࣬Ȼĵ󣬵סѾȫˣлĻܹһٳȥ˷
ݣ
ĳЯǿľ۶
һ㣬ڲŲӲǻܳԿ
֪뽣˿д֮⣬һûܻ㾯ȥ׷ѰϢ
סڵϢȵӰһӰڷ֣ܺһɭɱ뽣ȴ˷
亹ԭû뵽Ȼ䵽˱ľ档
ų㾡Щɵֶ𣡡Է̵ȴԵЩֲ̿ˡ
ûȥӦĻȻӰ첻ѣϵŷμŷľʶ
ɱ֣
µĵطǱǽĿʶһ˵ľʶҪ֮ʱΪʱ
ڣþԷչȴǸ˼ľѹǱľľʶ߿ʼϵļ
ö֮ͷѾ˺ˮԵЩηĹˣ׼ȷ׷ٵڡ
ҲƴΪþܹһɱǲܽɹɱĻͻСˡ
ڣ
ڷľѾڷ֮ʱڰ֮УͻȻϮһĽס˷Ĵȥ
ɫ䣬ִټ仹δȫܹӦɭĳѾݺݵı˹
ȫʧȥһ㣬ʵĿԵķŭһն˿ȥ
һЦԷ״̬ĻѾ˾Եİջɱ
ʱһնȥ֮ʱ
ⲻֵ֪ķ֣һԾġ
ҲˣɭڷĶߡ
ݣ
ĳ罦ѪҺؿоƿһѪȻڵҲȡ˳
ܡ˵˾벻ʡ
˵ٺúȥʡɡޱ˵еĳһ׺ݵĽ㽫ΪһƬĩ
ɱ֣
ħĻҲͬеǿɱ֣
ǣɱλǿߣѾҪĴֲھȥ̫Σˡ
Σڿ᧿Σʱܻɥ
һԽ֮˷Ǳߡ
һ£ٵ˷˵ǰ͵һǱն˹ȥ
Ƕٶһû뵽ͻȻðܾµ˿ȥ
磡˽еϲ
СģһﲻöԸص˵
˳ͷҲƵ̫ҡ
һ˾֮ɫĵζŷ캮Ѿ⵽˲⣬ʵǸе־ŭ
ߣˣ
˫һã˵ߣǻ͹ʵǾȻôͰֻǣѾûжԸ˰ɣҿھѱ˿Żǣ
ߣ㾹ɱ˷ֵܣҪˣŭһеĳɱȥ
ɱҲһԺһ֣ͬٶɱ˷ˡ
زѣʵ˺ҲԲǵĶ֣µҲֻһһˡ
һͬɱ˹һν棬뷲˱㱻˳ȥ
ȻϣԮڷˣ˴˿̵ʵѾ࣬ͲǵĶֻ֣ҪٺһЩʱĻǱذɡ
͵ģǱٴζչ͵Ĺ
ͷ˶Լʵֻݱǵķâ˶ˣȫӸʱˡ
ͬģҲΣ֮С
ԵǳǵĲбǵλλ֣ûǶĽ֮أ˵Ķ֡
ಣಣ
һѪѾܼ޵ȥѪħĹ˼ѹƲǵĹơ
ϧ֣ͣĬ׹ƾǲȫʵѪħǾ޷Ըǵġ
أأ
ɵĻɢЩѪϵĴӸƽ˺ס
һˣһ߽ų׼Ӧԡ
ಣಣ
һٹɱ˹ʮĽ籩ĿϮס
׹ֻ֮ʵš
κΣĽǴ˺׵ķߣں׵Ϻݺݵ˺ü̵ѪڣɫѪҺ罦

׳ʹһУɶ
ɱһһͬ˹ȥ
˫۳죬ŭѣǿϵļʹеĳִӭ
ݣݣ
һĽâļ˺ס
׼Ǳӭţϵ˿ֶ˼֣ʹѵˣ趯ѪħһѪֹסǵĹơ
Ǻλڴ˿ѪħֱӱǻӽЩѪɢסף׷ƱҪ׸ɱһ㡣
һ̣ǶѾΣ֮С


1343 еĹ
սǲҡ
ǽϣƷϣǶƷĻع飬ǼʹƴһҲԲ
ûѡĻҲѡȼѪ
ڣǶѾˣѾм֮ҲֻʱԵ⣬ǻǷӭս
𣡡
Сʹһֱٴλˡ
ΣСʹ֮ǿϾڵҪľ廯ĻķѵͺܴĻǰĶ֡
ԣСͲǰ㣬ΪСĵֵġ
˿̣С˺ۣ޴Ѿٵ˿ڣԭ͸Ļƽɫ֮壬ѾҪȾѪ֮ɫ
ҪƤ⣡Ц֮ȥ
ݣݣ
ĻһĽâŰСһ㣬Ϯȥ
СӴٶ࣬ôֵܵסҹ
¡¡
һĽĻСϡ
СʹУ˫ˡ
͵һ£ݵİŭһݺݵնС˫֮䡣
ݣ
һ޳ĽâС˫֮˺նֱ֮ݺݵ˺ƿһ޴˿ڣѪӿ
Сһ޴壬صı¡
أһ
Сڵ䵹ڵأ̼ҿһ޿ӣ̳ʯɽһϢ˾޿֮СӶ˫૵ĵͺһ硱Ȼĵˡ
СҲ׷ȥСҪɱСĻֻ׾ٵ顣
ת֮ǰݵŲһͬɱ˺ס
ڿֵ˺ۡ
Ȼ֮䣬һȵӰ˹кһ׺ݵĽ˺ס
ɫһ䣬˽֮ݣ䶾
£׻֮ӭͻ佣˹ȥ

һĽ֮죬һƬ𻨣޴ĳ𵴿
ֻоһɾϮһЩƵôѿѪٶ⵽ش˳ȥ
ţӰ˳
Ǽǰ磬ϲѣԸҲǷǳɵˡ
ʱ׼ѵסΣΪþǲİݺݵٶվһĨȥߵѪһ۲ǣƷֵܣԺСȿɾҪиչˡ
Ȼ֮䣬׾ǿʼȼڵľѪԭĵʼ
ڼе뷲ҲӦˣʹֵܣ
ȹ˺ԼɣȻɱصĽǸ˳ȥ
뷲˿Ѫشˡ
ȼѪɱóѣһһ֣ͬȥ
ݣݣ
һ׺Ľâͬķȥ
ŭһϵѪħ俪һѪӭ˹ȥ
¡¡
һ󾪱֮죬еѪǱЩǿĽâ׷׻飬ŲٶһݺݵϮ˺ס
׳гȼѪ׼ȥ⡣
䣡
춯ذıը֮죬׵ǰը˿޾ĹⲨ粨ưӿ˿ȥ

ʹһеĳ䣬ڵأȵĲ嵹ڵء
ҲܲסĳĴ׹ħУ˲䱩һƬ񳾣ʯĽ
ڽˣ˲پЦ
ħǵЩ˼ֱŭѡ
ΪǱɵġ
̳ɢȥ֮ʱһ°ӰȻ
⡭ǼǳԾǼٶȴӷվ˾
ʱĺףѾľеھԱûˣȼѪһ룬˾޴ĸӰ졣
˵ڵĺҲǷ˶ѡ
Ѳҵһ̣˫һ裬е
ţźɱȥ
ͻȻ֮䣬һӰɴʮ
һѭЩӰȥû뵽ЩħеЩħ˧ǿߡԴǼ֤ƷǵʵǶϿɣЩħ˧ǾȻĵȥס
һ֮Щħ˧ʼȼڵѪҺԱ֮ƣȫǲĳŲǵȥ
ǣĿ࣬ôҲħǵЩ˻ԭҪħǲƷˡ
𣡡ŭһȺ֪ߵغĶӾµ
͵ģһն¡
ݣ
һΰľ޴âſֲĺڳеħ˧С
ϧЩħ˧Ȼƴǿ߼Ĳʵ֮ʹԱҲ޷˵ǣܲܳ嵽ǰǸ⡣
¡¡
â£ֲ̾Щħ˧У˲㱻ɵһɶ
ԭɱ˿ôʹ죡ѪĿЦš
ʢŭѣҪɱȥڵȴѿտҲ
ߣҵҪڻ˭ܾȵ㣡ʧȥκη֮ĺףһĿϮһâ
ݣ
âϮ˺ס
ͬһϵĵһ㣬٣ҲȻԵޱȵҲҪϡ
ۼţĽâк֮ʱ
ͻȻ
Ӱƾն֣ǵâ֮ǰȻ׷׷ӭ
䣡
һ죬âɢ˿
ǽһȻȥ
ţɢȥ̳֮Уֳ뱩ֵǰŭ֮ɫ
һǳ֣Сȣ㡭ô
˵ţ׿Ѫ
֮ɫű뽭˵鷳λչ˺ҵ壡Ȼ󾡿뿪ЩǵĶԸ
ôԡ뽭һΪ֮ɫǿɲļһȻǳ˾;Ի벮ǷսףʹԶԶǵĶ֡
ѵ˶𣡡Ƚе
Сȣ⡭ʱôԡ졭졭뿪˵ȳ֣׿ǷǳԼûϵȾԲ
壬ǲκ˺ģҡҡͷɨŲǡ
СȡˮʹĺƷֵܣЩ˺Сô
СӻزˡĵһۺףִѰǰ˵ĽЦܹū͵ĻǿԿǷһ·
·ھɱһеĳŭɱ˰ǡ
Сȣ׾һǴ˿Ϊʹ֣ȵʵûָ٣ôᰵǵĶ֡
ɫһӭɱȥ
һ˲䣬˱һ𣬸һ
أ
һ죬ֻؿһƣ˫ʵ࣬Ƚ𣬿Ѫ˻ȥ
Ȼ㲻Ļֻû㣡һЦɱֱһȵؿڡ
ͫױ˫֮Уֻܼһźĳ֮ƣɫͣԺжʱһƬհס
ʶհ֮ʱԺֲֳƷǰﲻۡ
Сȣ

뱩ʹһ뽭Ҳƴĳȥ
ϧѾˡ
һȵؿ֮֮
ɣ
Ȼһ˲䡣
Ȼ֮䣬һѰĹӰƾհֵȵǰ
ɫһͣǼ˿µĹһ㡣
ţ˽ļһϤݡ
һ̣ҲһϤıӰһϤıӰϣӰ
û˭һըװĴ밵Ժ֮УǴڳ˵˫֮С


1344 ɱϣ
һǴһ㡣
һ̣ռ񣬻ʱͣһĻ
籩˫ۣ־ķ֣ԼͻȻ侹ȻܿƵԶˣûƵƷѹȣӲƷľȻסˡ
ǣɫ㵣ɼӿʼ
Ʒ信֮Уһɼȵŭ𣬼ɱǿ˰Ľǰİ硣
͵һ£Ʒһֱ̽ץ˰̶
ž
ǲ֮΢΢һ֣ȴ̺һɼǿľȻֱӽеĳΪ˷顣
ˣĿ࣬ƺѾᵽϢһ㣬֣ıܷʶͻȻɥʧһ㡣
˵һзѾͽ޹ˡ
ƷһצƣٶǰһƣֱӴ͸˰ؿڣݺݵĽڵǿг˳
ţڴ͸ڰؿڴצڰڿʼӿһɫ׻̼˰ȫ

ʹĽ֮ķ֮£˫ĥյøɸɾ
нǿߣôƷһɱˣһٵһɶر֮ǰʹĲҽֱ˸еë
̼䣬涼İ
Ȼԭеˣ׷ױһ㡣п־塢кڡ𾪣Ҳмϲڳ˵Ŀ⣬۵Ʒϡ
Ʒ硭ȲŰĽǰϤıӰ£ϷޱϲЦݣƷһ̵ʱʲôٺˡ
СȡƷתǰܵίĽݣƷбۣɼ侹ȻǰסȣԲˡ
ǰϤĿеȫȫλҪŮһ㣬ƷĻУȻ㻩Ĵ
ڣһжûˡƷḧȣ
Ʒ磬ЦˣѰЦˣƷֵܣڻˡ
˵꣬ױĻ赹ȥ
뽭ֵ˺׵ǰػţɫƷ硣ƷôڵһжѾˡ
硭С΢΢˫ۣĿ˸žϲ뼤ȻֳĺۣˣƴֿڵȵƷĹ
˺۵뷲ˣƷĳ֣ͻȻоǵصڿԷˡȻֳǵЦЦޱƣ۰ĴϿ
Ʒ硭ǾֵƷ磬Ҳʼ˵ԻһµĶΡƷ磬Ǽ˿ֲĶħһ㡣
ϷǣƷĳ֮Ҳ֡Ǹе£õǲûвⳡҪȻĻڵȴǵı񰵷Ľ
ħеˣƷ֣һƬϲԴƷ֮ܺǿʵˣЩڶƷǷ˶ĳ羴
ʱƷȣܰ˸ȥš
ֻǣЩˣȴǸоѾʼһ˫˫ͫг˿־壬亹
öƺйеί̧ͷƷ޵Ʒ磬֪𣿵ʧһ̣ΪѾ
Ǻǣڲǻúõ𣿡ƷºһЦ
΢΢ͷƷǰλŮһ㣬Ȼ˵Ʒ磬Щһʵ̫ɺˣһҪɱǣ
ġƷ˵ͷӹһ⣬ˣȥɣһоͽҰɡ
ȹɰĵͷ䵽˺ǵǰ
ȼѾʧȥʶʹĻ壡
ģֵû£ֻĵ̫ˡ˵
ΪЩһȺݺݵɨǣʹŭ
ƷɫгѲһۡ
ãҶֻڵĿݽߣϵƶأûΣһѾƷг˷ŭǿҪ緢Ļɽһ㣬ݺݵսȭͷ
ৣৣ
һƷȿµǿߣֻܼеſлᡣ
ǣƷ֮ʱǿɶĿƷʵв壬ǾԲܵġ
ȻڶܺڣΪԼ̰ȻôŭƷ硣ˣֻ׼ȥԸƷˡ
ڣʣµ˻Уǡꡢ£λλﵽн׼ʵŽĻҲһɷǳǿ
ƷԵúƽƽ֮Уɭȴɢһɼȵɱ˫۳죬ݺݵɨˡ
Ȼ֮䣬ڵĿռ֮Ƕ޾Ԩһ㣬һɭµϢ¼Ľ˸еĸо
ɱ⣡
Ʒͷųɱ⣬ƾɱ⣬ĽǸסˡо˿ƷʱһַǳĸоƷаĸо
ƷȭͷҧгݵĺЩ֮ѾԤϵˣӦòô޴ڿǱеĻҪӵ޴
Ǿһ£ô汻ƷԳջѡ
Ʒ磡ѾΥ˹򣡡ǹƷ˵
ЩɵĻȥʲô򣡡Ʒŭ
ߣƷ磬ڷħأݵΥ˹򣡷ħǾԲŹģߵ
ħˣƷúЦƷڸ˵ԼǸմӷħ߻ģǻα֣
Ʒ磡ħ˶𣿡˵
ɱǣԻħнƷɫһֳ𽣣ŭǡ
˵ħѾƷ羯ˣѾص˺ԼĻ飬Ծǻ⵽ħĳͷƷҲԲŹǡ
λһ˶ѣ˶ķˣҵ֣ܶԸ˵ȻƷΪǺֲԱдǿɲΪƷڵʵжǿ
˳ͷȻƷ磬Ϊ˵õĻᣬûѡֻƴҪȻʲôᶼûˡ
ܺãһףʲôǴۣƷڵԪѾתϱһֲϢ
ɱ¾
ʼ


1345 ɱ£
˿̣ƷǵλǿߣƷԵúƽȴ˸оڵƷ練ԽӵĿ¡
˷׷׾һĻӭģֻһҵ˺
ǿԱ֮УʧѾõƷ磬ôƷ絽׻Ƕźʱӵеǿʵ
Ʒ𽣣ɱ죬սڡһֲĹƣƷӿ磬ǡ
ǿ
ǣ𾪲ѣѾЩƺоƷʵûмҪǿ˼֡
ȣƷȻһ֮УͽȻֳһƬƬεĽâݺݵϮǡ
סǾһ
Ǳ׷ײֻлӽӭεĽʵǿ÷˼ƾһľƣͽǸƵýڽڲˣֲֿǰƽһ֡
ϷڣɫȻûƷ磬Ȼô֪
һ£ƷͻȻ仯һӰͬԽռ֮УɭĺӰǹȰӵǵ֮
ɫȻһ䡣
Ʒ˫һ裬е͵ķķɽޱȵĳǵ˹ȥ
Ǿ֣ƷĽɵǹĺܣеĳеĿš
䣡䣡
һǿҵ죬ǽ⵽һǿԵĽɫıƷ˳ȥ
һ£ԼߵӰǾ֮е˳ȥ
һףʲôŽʹ࣡ͬħһ㣬ǵ˫֮У֮УҲ͵һ

ҽУٶ
˱㾪ļؿڴ㱻ƿһҲ̶ٵѪȻķ֮УڼȵʹлΪ˻ҽ
𺧣
ƷĶʵ̫ˣڳ˰ڣûƷ絽γֵģ±˲
ھ֮УһԲ׽ӰǲֻʵĻ𳤽ıԼѾȫʧȥԡ
㣡һ㣬ںĶ߻
һȻ˾Ƿһ㣬ӦǵӰԴ֮͵һת𳤽ŭĺն˹ȥ
ȻƷź
ȷʵǶԸȽ׼ʵƷõȥ
ӨӨ֮ҲԣƷ䶢źһնƷ統ֱһֱźһֱն˹ȥ
飡
һ죬һһƬ⻪
⻪֮£ԾĿõƷͰԵ𽣣ֱն˺еĳȻ׺ĽݺݵٴӺͷն
˫˻һ
ݣ
һ֮죬һƬѪ꽦ӾƷһΪ룬Ʒ͵һ佣˹ȥ
أһ
ǸջΪ壬̼һɿֲĽ˺Ϊ˷飬Ѫ⣬׷׽£Ʒɱ˶ħӰ𽣣ˡ
ɫĶƷ磬ƷɱֶΣŵ԰סڱ˵ȥԸƷ磬Ʒصľѹǳ֮
˾ˣ̶Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ʒ㼫ɱλǿߣһĻ˵ľоƷϰļ򵥡
ǼƷŭһɱλ÷ǳ֮ʹ죬ǿйˡ
Ʒɫֵ̿ǣޱ˵ɺ޵ˣͱ˼һǺúʹζ
ǸħǾĽе
ûҾǸħΣƷ
ߣƷ磡ΪŻסǣûôܣǵģһ˫۳졣
ţǱһڵľѪһķȼʵɱǿš
Ⱦ㵲ѣȼѪôҲζҲ·һˡ
ǻеѡ𣿡Ǻ
ȳͷƷʵ̫ǿƴĻģʹ˸ģҲԲƷù
Ȼ֮䣬ҲͬʱȼڵľѪн׼ʵȼվѪʵѾӽ߽׵ʵ
Ʒɫ޸ԣɭݣǲмѾȼѪƴƷҲ˿ûκεľɫ
ɱǱһһ֣ͬеĳȻһĽâݺݵĳƷϼȥ
ǷŭĹƷȻ治ɫԭЩâ֮ʱƷĻ𽣡
¡¡
ʮâڵĺϮƷϣ죬춯һ㣬ֲ˹ӿ˿磬ҰһƬʡ
ǿڴŴĳƷǱȥ
ֻǣǾǣһϤĺӰˣһϵĵһ㣬һİԭ
˿ĿɿڴȼѪֱ֮ǿȻƷһͷû˵ɱ֮ǰƷԸʱҪǿøӵı̬
ֻ𣿡Ʒм˵
Ļȫδȥһλ֡
ɱȥŭȵ
ಣಣ
ĵӰ缫һ㣬ĳȥ
ƷĶǳԼɱ
ȼѪ֮ǵٶҲüޱȣһ˲ӵƷȻѸƷܣסƷĸ
͵ģǱͬʱеŭɱƷ硣
Ʒе͵һͬתе˳ƻźɨ˿ȥǿֲĽԲ״Ϯ˿
ɫһ䣬оƷһƵҲǷǿһĳһ˺ն˹ȥ
һ̣˵Ŀⶼ̼۵Ʒǵϡ
䣡
һ죬ƺռ䶼ǿ׵һ£˼ǿһصնǽ֮Уٶ㱬ըһˣ۵Ĺ⻪ı˿
䣡
һ죬ֲನӴĹƣӿ˿
ͫױод˾޴ķųıһǿ͵ĳǿǵڣѪڣζҪ˺ѿһ㡣
ͣ
ͬʱѪǵӴ⻡֮У৵ĵ˳ȥ
Ʒ϶ָ𽣡
̫ǿˣ
˿ľ˷һȻȫѹסƷ磬Ʒһ׷׻˳ȥʵĲ࣬ʵǲ̫Զˡ
ǵҲѳɶˡ


1346 ս
ףôΪ𣿡
Ǻǣȥɡ
ǡ
ûʲôǣܿͻᳬԽˡ
Խף

Զ֮ӰҲڹעħϿմļ
ʱƷһ֮ɵĻˡ
ȫˣѾϢҪǺεȵʵ
ϴʵáֱǿˣ⡭⵽ô£˵ΪƷӺԱдǲشҲʵ𣬿ɷƷڵʵ޼
ǺǣƷֵܿɷѰˡֳݰЦ
ԵǱѣϵòڴŴյϣʧһɶ
ƷǣƷ˵ǲбܽˡ
ƴˣŭһڵľѪҪȫ龡һ㣬ȼա
ҲûκεԥڵľѪȼյ£ѾעˣҪƷݺݵƴһѡ
ɱ
ˣַĳ˹֮עڽУƷչҵĹơ
ݣݣ
һǿĽâ޼ϣըǿľƷ硣
ƷΣе𽣣һƬƬĽ⣬ӭǵֱȥ
˿Ϯţ赲סƷ硣
¡¡
죬ѾһƬңĴŰĽֲӿǹͣƷ绹͵ıƽǡ
һȺƷеһ˲һɹǿĽֱӽϮһݻˡ
ǱѣۼƷҲǱޱȵķ񣬾Ҳ壬еǿҵĺâӭƷɱȥ
䣡
һ죬ȺĽâƷϱը˿ҫ۵Ĺ⻪񱩻ҵݺŰ
Ȼ֮䣬ƷξȻǱը֮ƾʧ
һ̣ƷͻȻֵǵĺ֮
˵ǶЩǾüĴ̶ȫëȻֱ͵һɼȵĿ־壬ȴǵĿܾսᡣ
ݣ
һն͸оһǴӺδֻǿ˸е־ĺХ֮
ͣ
ɫһ˫Ｗ˾־壬ȫһ㣬޷֮ȴǿӿϮһɹεĽʱ䶼Խ˺Ϊ顣
ǾһֵĿõ֪ʱƷѾ˲еѴӲؿڴᴩ
ƷĽڵȡ˳ɫڳһ֣ݺݵĿ˲ͷ֮ԺףҲôˣ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒצ֮Уӿһɫ׻˲ס˲ȫ¡ȫҵĳ鴤ţȴӲɫ֮УͿɿʱĲǶôʹࡣ

ʹĲҽƷķ֮£御ԻΪУԶʧ֮Уʧֻ֮С
˿Ļ뵽ǽҲʹ࣬ɫҰײѡ
Ʒ籨ıȽǿǿҪϰߡƷĴ˵ԺУҲƷﻹв֮ĵһصľ档
ϷѾŵһ׾ݣǸһӣҲȥŭƷ硣
ú귢ˣͬҰһ㣬ʧȥеǣһˣ͵ĳ嵽Ʒǰ
ţھȻһǿֲ
ԱȻԱ
Ʒ˫һ裬ǿĻ͵ڱüʶ֮С
ͻȻ䣬ɫһƷǰȻȫӲסˣԭ׼Աеľ޴Ǳǿиˡ
𺧲ѣԱе꾹ȻŰıƷסˣƷûʩչκεĶ
ôɫ͵Ʒǰͫг˾뼫ȿ־壬ֲᵽƷʵжôı̬
ƷɫһݺݵһִؿڣǿжڵƷ˵κһ񶼲װ˷ѵġ
ȥˣƷһһƳİϣͿµ˲㽫ȫס
ķ֮УڿԶˡ
꼫ʹĲҽ鴤İڶӣķ֮£ĻΪ˷ĩ
־壡ԵĿ־壡
ƷǶħһ㣬ŵڲе뺣кͣҶԲǣ
뺣һ£˫۷Ѫ˿ŭһҲʧȥǵһ㣬һ㣬֮ڰ⣬Ʒ˹ȥ
Ʒ΢΢һ˲˵ǰ
Ǿһ£ôҲûӦƷ羹ȻôͻȻֵǵǰ֮£ͬʱ𳤽ݺݵضƷ˺ն˹ȥ
Ʒὣһɨа麬ǿ

Ľ֮죬ͬʱΪƷһٶʵ̫ˡ
žž
Ȼѵ뺣еĳպձƷΪ롣
֮У˻δӦ־ĵɴ˫ۣȻһϬĳıǵǰϮն˹
ݣ
ĻȣɽƬȺɫѪҺֻһĻ˲Żͷ­лſ־壬˵Ѫ롣
͵һ£ƷٵݺݵĽ뺣ڵȡ˻֮䣬ǵذĹѹ¡
գ뺣Ǽȵʹ֮УͬմŨҵսζ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬Ʒ㽫λǿߣɱ
Ʒ𽣣ȫ
߸ϵôƷС
֮䣬ƷӵϷǵǰ
ϷһƷ㾪ŵҰףȫһƨҷһ
أƷɨϷʵ
ϷŵֱͲ׷׹ˡ
ƷƷˡϷ̧ͷȴ۲ҿƷһۣȫð˵󡭡ˣԡڴǿɡһֱû롭
˵꣬ϷǾڵȴƷǵһ㣬˸
ƷҲ֪ЩȷʵûвȻǿɥˣƷҲڷħĵ̫ǣǸκβƵĻȡǵ
ǡǡæͷǿʵǰֻõͷ
Ʒȵ
ϷһȻ㾪̵ķ׷ȥ
ƷһһСǵֳ𽣣֮󣬶ټʧ
ħеЩˣȴһãȻƷδĻҲǾԲ뿪ġ


1347 
𸮣޸ռС
ԴӺȰ֮ټǣƷһõѾʮţջ񼫴
СشƷ޸ռѾָްֻ˼ڶգСǿԽջָʵ
Сǵ֮Ʒһ뿪𸮡
ϾħǻٵñȽأֻдĳ
ȻƷʵλշħǵħħƳǵʵû⣬ұЩ˶ǳƷ硣ħ籾һǳʵ磬ֻҪʵ㹻ǿܵڶ˵׷
Ʒ罫¹ųǡǵתƵħУȻʼħǽ½졣
Ʒ籾ˣԶڳأҲЩƷľţһսܺѱΪħ֮µһˡ
һµʱǧ˿ʼһͬȫµһУƷ縺ܡ̼죬ֻһµʱ䣬㽫ԭħ˺üܹƵħеĵһǡ
֮⣬ƷصشԭǵľӢѡ齨һ֧ǿľţΪţﵽٶ
ڣħѾ˵ħˣǡ
ǣǼǵУҲΪһճǡҲΪħطչƷҲ˵ǵзչĿռ䡣
Դ֮ʣµڳҲΪǣһΪһǡǲɵĳΪڳǿ޿ɺġ
ԣӿ͹˵ĻƷ缸ѾǽħصѾСΪƷʵ˵ľƷõ֮࣬һͻƣҲ֮Զˡ
̶һµʱ䣬СǵʵҲǽȻָˡ
ֵþϲǣС֮ƲȬһͻƵ߽׵ľ硣뽭ҲյͻƵн׵ľ磬˵Ļ߽׵ľҲǲԶˡ
ʱƷС
һƷ磬׷ϲɫ
Ʒ㽫ǵ߸˺ǣúױǼϲû뵽Ŷ̶һµʱ䣬Ʒ´һȫµĳУĹģħһǣ
磬ʵһֱܺ棬ʱԱ֮ʱ㵽ȥʲôطС̲סʵҲΪɻΪƷҲء
ǺǣԱ֮ҪҵƷЦЦ
Ʒ磬ôȾʡ
ǷħҡƷЦ
ħһ㶣˵ĻƬػǹڷħϽģ˴ôľôƷ練Ǳħʩأ
ûںԱʱһһֿµ䣬ǷħĻҲվˡƷ˵
Ҳ̫ħôԸأ
ǺǣҲǺǿڷħԸ־ҵģҳŵӦһֻ֮ұ㷢ַħʧˣҲĪĳħǡƷ絭һЦΪħʧƷһֱǷűʲôһﲻ̫ڣҹһµʱ䣬ħҲûԼ
Ʒֵܣħŵʲôصʵ
֪û˵ءƷҡҡͷ
û˵üһɫ˵Ʒֵܣħпûô˵飬ԺҪ㡣
ħȻԸңȻĿġֻҪΥĵ£ҶĳŵƷ
׵˵ͷʵƷֵܣкμƻ
ƻûУֻҵĺ˻᲻̫֡Ʒչչüͷ˵
ɲ򵥣ȻܹħҪȥȻҲԸڵǣǿҪС׳ص˵
ûҪǵʵ¸µ֮Ҳ׼ҪúñչһʱˡƷ˵
᣿˾󲻽⡣
ǺǣǸոսΪرٰһᣬҵĿĿȫͬҪڳĹ£Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ⲻħĵλս𣿡ƳƷ硣
ǺǣܹڳǺгĻħ⡣ƷЦ
˾ٿС΢΢ͷжƷԽӵ
Ʒһ˱һͬ뿪𸮣ʼ׼¸µᡣ

塣
ɭ֮Ϣ
յĴ֮УһλڷӣͷѪɫ˫䣬ɫȴ쳣Ĳ԰ףɢаء
˱Ǻ֮
ɭĴ֮УӭһӰ
һλ쳣аȿɫ꣬ǴааЦݣҲһͷѪɫϿǲèһԵġ
ǣɲΪԻλ꣬ʵȻѾﵽ߽׵ľ磬ںҲһ
˱ǺĴүƣҲǺŵų
סƹ
ƶħǵľΣʵ˫۽ơ
ڸױչ֮ʱħǵʵѾˡƻص
ˣԵúܾȣüڷħطΧ֮Уܹݻħʵˣ˭
Ʒ磡
Ʒ磡ԵԽӾ㵣ⲻǿЦƷ粻˵Ѿħǵô˵ƷħǵܣƷε֪ʵǼħ֮
ףȷʵΪ棬Ƕȫ͹ƷʵǺҲǵ͹Ʒʵƺݺݵ˵
ߣһѹֲǺû뵽ʵȻص֮һ
ףǵļƻƲʡ
³б䣬ҵʾħˡ˵
ˡֵ˵¸Ʒǣٰһᣬ˵һѵĻᡣ
᣿˼˻ߵһҪص£ˣ˵ɲʲô¡
ףڷħص˲٣˵ҲǸѵĻᡣ˵
ȥɣµñ뾭ħ˵ͬ⡣
ǡƹ񣬻˳˴
ȥ֮ȥ
һϵ֮У
һֵħˣ
ڴ±֪˵ò˴ζ˵һѵõĻᣬͰԭƻ°ɡ
ǣͷ־η˵ˣƷʵѰҵġ
صģа취ȥԸƷ磬ֻҪձ˼ȥɡϵٶ𣬿յĴлƲ


1348 ֮
֮ڣת۱
ƷڳǴϢ֮ʱڳǾͿʼֲ̿ǿɶǾƷʵƷȴֲҲȥϢȥ֮ʱЩǿǶꡣ
ƷҲû˷ʱ䣬ڴ֮ǰҲڽſޡ
ڣһµչȥڳŻ֮̿ģٴ˴εᣬһûκεӣμӵᣬɲһ
Ļ᳡һ㳡Ϊ㳡ԭħ㳡ҪҲԵøӵɣԭħǵһУѶȡˡ
˴δᣬɲԭôħУǰڳħӴֱǰ㳡ʡʡ¡
˿̣㳡֮Уϯ̨֮ϣѱϯƷ籾֮⣬Ѿ׷ϯ
㳡֮УУȺԭҪࡣ
ǰڳûյ磬ֱ㳡Ͽ֮һ㳡ͽ룬Ȼ󻺻ϯ̨ȥ
Ϸϯ̨ʱ׷׵Ȼֲ̿ϯ̨з׷ƷĻȴǲеϯ̨
Ϸǰ亹һǱӣĬΪܵĸȾǶڴ˴Ʒرٰ˾¡
ȴʱ㳡֮УһǿϢ
һƬ㳡ʱ䰲
ʱڹ㳡Ͽ֮ƾֳһλӰͨͷɫĳݷǷ˫Ŀǳ財
ûƷ硣
ƷͷųڵϢɨһϯ̨ϵڳڳһɾԵ
ϷǾȥƷһдδйľ£Ǹоϯ̨϶һ־޴ѹ
֮ڣƷȻɼƷеĵλжôĳߡ
Ʒ簵һЦ˲ϯ̨֮ϣϯ̨λ֮ϡ
Ʒո£Ϸڱ׷ʾáͬϷǸоƷʱ򣬾ͬǷ˰С
ǺǣλˣλƷЦƷɨһϷǣϣƷоϷǴ˿еĻ̿֡
ǿɾлƷˡϷȾηĹ񣬾ǿںƷΪˣ˫ĵλ֮
ţϷǱһһ
ĻԭĶʮ˳ǽʣʮһǡ֮⣬λϷǡҹǡħǡǳǡ³ǡԭǡǡ׶ǡƳǡѪǣǼһλ
ԭڳ伫࣬ЩƼҲǲСһ˵Ϸȷʵõ˲ٵĺôԶĻǶƷмָмġ
ҲˣϷǵŴ˴ƷǲȴΪȥƷ⣬ǲŻԵ÷ǳĲ
ƷѴĦϷǵ˼ЦǺǣ˴δᣬΪǵĿ֮Ʒڴ˸лλܹ١
˴ԿҵȺգܹڴ˵룬ǵĿҵҡҹǵҹֵ
Ǻǣ˳νҿҵλǲؼˡǳνãԺ󻹶λչˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ƷЦˣԵǵʵƷͳ죬Ǻ֮ħһǣҲΪǵֺðĳ޵
ǰƷߵʵǿɶĿáѪǵѪЦҲǷ׷ʾá
λʵ̫ҵˣ˴νڴᣬϣԺλڳǼܹгڹԷַƷЦ
Ʒôһ˵ڳһƷ˼ԣǾǻַһ¶⣬ԭϣе˼ԭħǵѹƣڳǼҲŪ˻ˡ
ǺǣƷҵ֮⣬ô˴ᣬƳƷΪڳ֮ϷЦ
Ϸ˵üǣƷͳڳǵĻձضҵڳǵĻԻ͡³ǵĻ˵Ҳһ⡣
Ʒ簵һЦȴǫװ˵Ʒ粻࣬ѵΡ
ǺǣƷڳ֮ڣܼƷܵڳܷ֮ڣƷͲƴˡϷЦڳҲͷ
ƷͺлλʶˡƷ΢΢һЦڳѾǱ£ˣʰƱʵƷڴ˾λһ
˷׷׾ٱһ
󣬱ǵĴ֮ʼ
һĻ£ټ㳡֮Уӭǧλսʿսսħ˧ǿߣǧˣսۻ롣
֮Ҳչʵʱ
һ֮Уӵǧλħ˧ǿߣݹħڳǣ޿ɱȼ
ϷҲǽĿŹ㳡ǧλ緢սսʿ˵ʵһ֧ŻҪø
ڼҵĸߺУǧλħ˧սʿڹ㳡룬ͬʱ󾪺ǿʩչ似
˿Щħ˧ǿʩչ似ľѡȻЩ似ǿߵﲢʲôЩܹΪǿߵĻд˵似ʵض
ȻЩʩչ似ҲЩƷӶѡľӢоرģͨƷؿˣܵõƷ񣬳Ϊһǿߡ
˾˼ļЧеĻԣҲӶƷе
Щħ˧սʿ֮ȻָΪ߷Ӫ
ţӪˣ˴ΪУʼҵĽ
ݣݣ
Ľ˸첻սǧλħ˧ļΪ׳ۣƬ㳡ҲǸ߳ϡ
ϷǿôĿģû뵽Ʒ粻ӵǿʵξһĻϷҷƷ硣
ֱʵļãֹͣ޳Щ˫Ӫ֮ȴǲ٣Ȼ㾮Ȼ뿪㳡
ƷеΪ⣬ܹ
Ʒξзʵҵȴ۽簡ϷЦ֮ǰƷĳƺָΪˡ
Ǻǣλɶͳ֮˵ĻλԶʤңҿλЦˡƷЦ
˵Ϸűǿر𰡡Ϸ庹յϷҲȷʵ˵ʵ飬ֲڳǾſԶԶ޷ȼ
ƷЦЦ
Ȼ
Ʒüͷһ壬ɫ䣬Զһȥ
ҲһȻӦھʮķżǿϢٵıƽ⼸Ϣǳа񣬾ڳˡ
׵ҲǷ׷׾⼸Ϣƺ̫ơ
Ʒɫһߣã


1349 Ƶ
ǿϢһ
⼸ϢҲûκεƺǳģƾӦ⼸Ϣڳûܱȼ
ʲôˣҲסˣ⼸ϢҲо˼ѹ
ߣ߲ƣСһ
Ϸû뵽˸ǵĿзڿƷ磬ԶԴҲеΪķŭ
ˣǳ˺ˣˡƷ
һҲֻкˡ
Ʒ硭żɫ
ǺǣصġƷһЦ˵߽ǿͣǿɲܵ˼ҡ
ʵҲûʲôµģǿǼ֤ƷǿʵֻҪħǿߣƷӦ
ƷһЦϢȻƽ
ţ㳡Ͽ֮У˲ֳӰ
Ϊ֮ˣλаȵ꣬ʵףղǹɽΪǿϢԴλаϡװҲƣϿҲӣִһааϢ
ƣ³ǵĻ
ƣƷԵɻ
±ص˵Ǻ˵֮ǰħػδԻֵؽ֮ʱƿһΣսƽ֡
ƽ֣ԵúܳԾҲ˵λƵλ߽ǿߡ
Ʒ絹ǲΪȻҲȫţȻﵽ߽׵ʵ˵ƿɾҪһˣΪ塣
ΪǵĵƬ㳡ն˶λͶӭһ˫˫䶢ǡ
ƷɫƽЦʣǺǣƷ磬ʼλǣ
Ʒ磬˲ɽƷ硣Ǿȵǣû뵽Ʒ羹˵ᣬдΪʵΪľ
ƣ˴ðȻţƷλ¡ƻصҪѹƷͷ
ǺǣԭλͣʧʧƷĻһЦ
ƷĽѾãյüǲʢЦǺǵ˵αϿ˹
ЦˣǴŶѣƷ粻λ˶ѣԺ󻹵չ˲ǡƷЦ
ǺǣƷǫˣҵǴ񡣡Ц
λƷЦ
ϯ̨Ϻܴϯλвٶġ
΢΢֣˱ϯ̨֮ϣȴû
ɨһǣɫÿ˵õǺղǹûѹסڵϢп¡
ţ˱߽Ʒǰ
ЦЦͻȻֳһŰɫĿռָݹƷ磬ЦǺǣʮѪױ񡣡
ʮѪ
һֱʿ治С
ƷȻϡʲôʯȻ˼͹ģƷҲǲЦǿɾлˡ˶٣Ʒֲɳλаĺڷʵˣλǡ
ǧһһλ༫ª߹ֵ
һλҰ׵˰Ӹɳư˵¹顣
ǺǣλҲ֮߰Ʒ΢΢һЦ
Цˣ˵ƷҲвٵءЦЦСǵ΢΢ѲһۣƵɫÿ
СסڵϢ֪СѾɹͻƵ߽ףôһ𾪡
λɡƷЦ
Ǻǣˣҿ˴δҲ˰ɡƷЦ˴ζϣƷѡȻƷҵĻ
ǺǣѵĻҵҡƷЦ
ƷˡЦЦʵҲ̽Ʒѣ̸֮ǱϵĿ׶ѣƿɲΪƷʵ彻á
λԶɲƬ̣ҲдλƷ
Ǻǣд´ΰɣ˴ζҵǺиСС󡣡Ц˫вӹһ⣬ҲƴжĿİɡ
Ҳǽƣ
̫ˣ²ֱ˵Ʒˬʰ˵
ġ˫Ʒ磬˵˵Σ˵֣֮йһνҲλѡᣬźδнҵǣ֪ƷˣܹõƷָһĻһࡣ
о˵ЩʱϵЦƺЩа˵ָҲʲô°ɡ
ţ˲Ʒ硣ƷܾĻʧˣֻΪƷƣƴ˴бֻǻ֪ĿĶѡ
Ʒüͷ΢壬ѾŲ²⵽ƴеĿġˣǾܾĻЩ˵ȥˣƷҲûҪܾ˼ŵƷ׵ķŹ𣿾ǺĻƷ綼û
ָɾͲҵ򵥵ĽһƷ˵
ƷҲˡֵóѰЦ
롫Ʒֵ
΢΢ͷ
ţ˱һͬڸ߿֮ն
¿֮˾㵲ѣλʵħе֮УɶʵҲԶԶԽͨĲΡ
ߣ֪һ׼û£Ȱһ
׵ڵǲΪȻƷܶԸˣơ
Ϊ˷ֹ⵽ϵгһķȦ˵ʵɲףǲĻŽõֵûˡ
ϷǽһĻȻ˴صǰƷ罻ĻǾбġǰħõаͿ֪
ǧɫɫпκεı仯ƺƳһ㡣
ʱ޾ĸ߿֮Ʒƶš
ƷǿɾͽˡааЦЦƵ϶ٶӿֳһɿֲɷ
ɷѹƬնƺó
ÿֲɷ
˾ѣǰʹɷʱɷȴǿ˰ٱƾǳҪƷ粻ˡ
Ʒüͷƺ뵽ʲôɫɱó
ݣ
һ̶ĺХ֮ͻȻֳһںɫһֲɷǴ⽣мġ
ɷƷ簵ΪľȻûֳħԭȳȥħʱͻȻʧħɷ
⽣
Сɫ㵣ȻûµеľǼµħҲĸоɷ¶ǿϢرǿֲɷ˸е


1350 ɱ
ֳɷƷٶȿ϶еĲ²ˡ
ƴУƷ罻áƵҪĿΪ˳ȥƷ磬߽׼ϺɷĻƵʵҪǿϼ֡
ң˻գܹ˻ȥƷĻԺ˵ɳȥƷвƷˣҲֻܱǽư˵Ļ˵ƲƷôԴΪڣԷħչԵĹϮ
ϾԴ֮ǰʼħڸħ֮䣬ڤвħĹڸĪ֮ûоԵǲɳġ
ħһǳս壬֮йƣڤѾ伣֮䣬ڿǴҪ˵һֱȥĻǲ̫ܵģҲ̫ʵ
йȻǺݣƷɲһףƷ簵һ𽣣ڵԪ𰵰תԸƵĻƷԲκε顣
ƺоƷͷųǿϢΪľɫܹȥǿߣҲӣкɷֵĻеŻߵġ
ǿϢʼĽϾʾеҲʼÿɵж԰ǿѹӭű˴˼ӿȥ
䣡
һǿѹڳڱƷϢǿ̺һεĽ˺ƿӿɷ
ԵúܾȣɫһǱ߷аЦݣеĺɷ͵һ𣬳
Ȼ֮䣬еĺɷУԭǿɷٶǿһֻεް㣬ſ޿ڣϮƷ硣
Ʒ簵һ⽣ΪΣâһνϮϮӿɷ
䣡䣡
һ޴ı죬ǿİڽը˿һɹɿֲܲϵӿϮţ˵ɢĴѹ¡
¿֮Ǿѣ˻δĳ֣ѹ˺ˣѾԽķ룬˵ʵѾ޽ӽħ֮
⽣̲ס
ôоϢϤüͷĶϿմֵĺɷͻȻƺʲôȻ⡭Ǻɷ
ɷ
Сȶٶɫһ䣬ϷȻʲôɷҲ̵ĸоֳǽ֮
ɣȽסһ
ͻȻ̧ǲҰ׵ݣ䶢ȴż־˵λС㣬ǵɲģ
㣡ȼŭȴ׸סˣźױŹ鵭˵ˣС˵֮˲ǵ
鲻мۺףصֻһᡣ
ŭѣǺ׺ݺݵĵһۣ̲סҪˣҲʵ̫˷ˡ
嶯ƷֵܹӦ˵ġװĴȻֶŹ΢΢ЦЦû˵ʲô
ǧҲȥǣչеһĻ
ʱƷϵĽѷ¡
Ƶʵ򵥣ɷѰҵýԸˡƷ簵ĳ˼ţ˫۽ơ
ÿµĽкɷĻѰһܹڴ˵ȷʵ֪ΪҲڰ˼ţߵϧǣɷʹõĻɱħǷǿʮעҪҵˣ
˸˼ƴ
ѾãƳһЦ˵ƷǾͽˣ
˵õãƸ˵꣬һ㣬˹ʮעںɷУǿҵĺâſֲɷݺݵĳƷֱն˹ȥ
Ʒ羪һ£ʹɷħʱǿ˺üΡƵĹ֮ͣƷҲ֮Ӳ
֮䣬ƷƵһ
Ʒɲɵӣ˵ʹúɷǿϾɷǼħԾƵʵѾﵽ߽ףʹúɷĵҲҪࡣ
ݣ
Ľâ˿ն˹ȥǿĽſֲɷ˿ӴĹ⻡ǿŰȥƷ硣
Ʒ𽣣㼸ǰ
أһ
Ʒľĸоನеǿûȫеڵನ֮ʱҲǲ˼¡
ǣƷҲûӲ˼˳Ǿ˳ȥ
ǿƿбˣƷ簵ʹɷ˺ȻƷ뷨ǶԵģԲӲ
¿֮ɫƸղŵһನ˿£֤ƵʵǺɷĿ¡
ƼƷ类ˣЦҵĵǶˣһôֵܵסɷ
Ʒɫƽżֵ֮ɫƣЦǺǣһ￴ͦԸģΪźɷͿɳȥҲ̫ˣ
ʱƷ絭ЦǺǣƷض̫飬ȻҿɻƷǿˡ
˵ЦˣʵҿߵĻħпָƷЦ
ǿɾͶлƷˡ¶Цݣô˵ܹͷѹƷ磬Ǵĳ˺ӣֵҿϣƷܹչ¶ʵҰˣҲκεźˡ
ǺǣʵǲȫԸˡƷ΢΢һЦ
ҿɷǳڴšƵ
ҿɾͲˡƷЦЦɫһ򣡡
Ȼ䣬ڵռ䷶Χ֮ڣ˲ֳһâŵĽƸΧסˣȻ͵ĳƵϮ˹
ƴΪɫƷƷ˽Ⲣ࣬ƷʩչһԵЩ
ݣݣ
һĽâ
ֳźɷԸźɷ֮źɷ͵ܺն˿
䣡
ֲĺɷɨȥٶ죬ϮĽâȻںɷ֮У˵ನҵĹ
ߣʽǻҲ˶ѡưߵ
ʱƷѾ˵һߣԸƵĻƷѾʮİա
ǸȽԸˣ˵ĻûкɷĻʵɱȺԶˡƶƷʽ˽٣Ʒһ㣬ĥƵһʱһɱơ


1351 
£һƬţȵɫ
ԼͷϵĻƷǱƸѹסˡ
һƷʽͷʢźɷɱ裬ͬƷȥ
ƷеƯǰȻ㻯һĽ⣬˲ⲼһƷʵԷǿŻǿڵסһܹȻ
ƼƷ羹Ȼ˹ƣתΪأȻǷ˵㣬źɷ֮Ʒǰһ˺ն˹ȥ
˾㵵ĵɴ˫ۣǲƵʵ̫ǿˣƷ羹ȻȫתΪˡ
˼ܣƺѾ²⵽Ʒ⣬һЦǺǣƷֵܵ˼ˡ
ɷ̫ǿƷҪıƵıʵ
ƼڳȥƷ磬ȻûôȫһҪ˺ѿ˿ռ䣬صն
Ʒ֪ںɷǿᣬԷķҲǿ˼֡
䣡
һƶĤĺǿĺɷݺݵƷķУ磬һƬƬ⻪̻ͬļ˿ǿƲͬ˰ӿ
䣡
һ죬ƷķȻԵɷٶѿֲɷ롣
Ʒһ𣬺ɷȻͬѰƷ׼֮⣬ƣƷ˿ȥ
ľȴǽƷӿƷ𽣣ںΪһǾӶš
ưΪŭû뵽ղһûҪƷסǾǹĽưһֳ˹ȥ
ɷǿĻƿҪƷࡣ
ڵɱȥĽͻȻ侹Ȼ˹ʵƾһ£ƻǺźɷŭն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬⻪䣬һ춯أ֮䣬˹ӴĻֲɷѾ̸סǽеķΧ֮ڡ
Ȼǽ㱻Ǻ嫵ɷûˡ
ƻûü⣬ҰͻȻ䷺һƬʵĹ⻪֮䣬ĴסһɹĽ
ɲǹ⻪һ
ƾ亹ȻӦƷϢƷĽʵ죬⡣ɫһߵٻʽںɷǰҲͽ޹ģ
֮£ƾǻеĺɷһǿµɷ𵴿ֲľӿɨĴ
䣡䣡
죬ͬһ㣬ֲɷȻƬĹ⻪ȡˣռ֮򣬽ȻɷϮ鴦âһɷݻˡ
ƺսԺɷԸƷǴ´ˡ
Ʒ类Ƶ˵ԶУԱơƷзϲ⼸ϱ֮ǰҪ˲١
ǺǣƷ״̬ѰЦ
¿֮˹ǧ֮⣬˵ɫ̫ÿ
ȵǲѣƷƸѹƣе˺ˮ
СȣصģûƷֵһ˶û𣿡װĴ
һ㶣Ʒȥȷʵ˵ƷƺĺˣֻͷϱƸѹס˶ѡ
ǧǺڹŶĶƷ磬ƺһЩ˶ֻһʱԲ²͸ƷĿĶѣɿ˶ںɷҲǷǳεġ
ƷƣĬ
Ʒĺ𽣣ڻѾˣչͻˡ
ΪƷûҪģµʱƷ𸮵ĴռпǱƷƵ˺岻ô֣û뵽Ƕֻơ
ҲãѾﵽ߽׵ľ磬ܳȥƵĻںʧ϶СƷҲûҪȥĺıƷħĽ̸УоħʵħҲλ߲ε
͵ģƷеһ𣬹ѹһǿڵ𣬻УƷɫơ
΢΢һо˴˿ƷһǿϢ׼ҪԼչͻˡ
ǺǣȤһЦĳɷӴµɷ͵ɢ˳е¶ȱüȵı䣬һ˸еϢ
ˣ
ԵúܼƷƣѾʼˡ
Ʋм䶢ԶƷ磬ЦǺǣףݣһҳԶˣ
Ȼ֮䣬֮ͬļļоӿһɾ޴ĺڰţгž˵ɷǺХһ㣬ĳԵСƷ̾ȥ
Ʒ˫һ裬ֱ𽣣һԪʽƣ
һ֮£ƷӭͳϮӴڰţ׵ľ룬Ʒһ˺ն˹ȥ
ݣ
һХ֮죬ؽ٣ǿޱȵһľ޴һ㣬նӴĺڰš
ԵúܾȣƷһȷʵǿԸźɷҲ޾ɫƷһͬų˹ȥ
䣡
ɾ޴ݺݵһ𣬺֮䣬һɻ֮£ƺѱҫ۵Ĺ⻪ڸǣһصϢѹ£ϵطС
أأ
ǿʵ޴ķ㣬޲ĳ֮£ҲھҵڷµЩˣǿԾĸоನĿ
֮УüĿ񱩣ֲͬľײţ첻ڶٽĴ֮УҲƺڲ
ಣಣ
񱩵֮УĺӰһ˲һ

Ͻ֮죬Ʒееĺɷǳһ˲ʾеű˴˼ȥ
ɷ֮ǿƷֵѪڣֱɷֱӲȷʵ̫ܣƷɲ˶ȴϵעУǺɷĽš
ڣƷȫƴΪȥƵǸᣬƷԲʹ˰֡ƵĸԸʱ򲻽ƷѹȥĻҲˡ
ԵúܳԾû뵽ƷͻȻ侹Ȼǿ󣬸ղƷһԼɷҲ˶Զ
ǣƷ֮УȻƷϵбһǿ֮Ǻɷ˴󲿷֣Ȼƾ֧Ųס
ȣ
Ƴһŭ֮£ڵעںɷУƱҪƷˣڿƴڵ


1352 
䣡
͵ɷĳƷ硣
ƷɫһҲǼҪ龡ڵԪ˫ں֮𽣵ǿ
㡭ԵúܳԾƷʵҲ̫̬˰ɣﵽħħĺɷҲֵܹס
Ȼ˵Ʊ˲ٵɷ˵ǲ֪ǿ˶ٱƷܹӭסɷѾ㹻ˡ
ʵƷҲǵֵúʹģɷɷʵ̫ǿˣƷĻ嶼ЩˣƷǿҲǳܵȫʹоӾͿҪѿһ㡣
¿֮˼ƷܹƳƽԵĿ⣬ԵΪļ
ǧԵüΪ𾪣ƷѾȫǵ˵ĻƵʵϺɷԸƷѣΪڻὩסˣƻûбʵ¡
ƾöܻƷ磬֮ǰƷܹԼӲĻҲô鷳ˡ
ԣҲƷ֮ǰĿġ
뵽ڴˣŭƷƷ磬ȻܱɣȻʹֶΣ
ߣɣʹúɷҪ˻ȥңͲ𣿡ƷһʱҲûҪƿˡ
ھԶ˸޷˼̸
Ʒ磬˵Ҳ㣬ǺԵĻ˵ȫûкôģƳ
ߣֻҪҪҵĲˣҾûзŹĵʲôвңƷһףƷߵ
ƷĿ˿ǲѺеŭʢǿɱ˵Ʒ磡湻Ըģѵ֪Ѿѱ𣿡
ѱҲã㣬Һͬ㣬Ϊһɱ㣡ƷɫĻص
ɱң̫Сɷˣ
͵ģڱһǿƺѾ龡еעںɷСɷõǿɷ͵ǿĳѹƷ硣
ƷٶһоǺɷбһֲƷҲȫֵǹɷʵǿ÷˼
䣡
һ죬ΪķĿһǿĹⲨֲɷֱӽƷ˳ȥ
ƷѪȵɶ֮Զſסӡ
ȴҲǾ㵵ĿõƷ羹ǱƸһˣһ˼ơ
Ʒ磡
ȵڽסһŭѣ޷ȥƷ硣
ǧԭһҲɳƷ类ƸˣϷЦ
ɣʲô̲ס
ɷŭˣ֮УЩˣ̸ıɣ
ǱɣСҲŭ
ߣҿǾ䲻ɣǧ̵
䲻ǻ䲻𣿡ҲˣмŹ˵Ʒֵܿûô
𣿡Ƴۺס
ĿԴɣ׵Ȼ
ʱƷ类ƸһˣЩˣӵԶ޸ƶƷ˵ʲô
ƷһЦһĨȥǱߵѪҺ𸮴ռеѾʼ׼Ȼеĺɷǿ࣬ƵѾ֧Ų˶ˡ
Ҳ֪ԼľȻƷ磬ĵھԲʱ䣬ɷɱڵֱ˹һ߰ŭƷ磡ͳղЩҪǣ
͵ĳƣֲɷͬǧһ㣬ųžĺɷͳһɱӡ
ƷȻ壬ٶ𸮴ռеһǴ˽µһƷָ۷״̬ˡ
ǣƷ粢չⲼ˲ķƷڷ֮УƳɱ
һƷתΪ˷֮ƣΪϲƷҲﵽˡƵＷɱ⣬˲ƵƷǰŭһĳƷķնȥ
һ̣˶ɴ˫ۣסƵһ
һ̣ҲǾģš
䣡
һ죬еĺɷصնƷķС
ɲǼ䣬磬ֲĹ⻪ƺһ˲ڸסƬգһˣ˷ˮľѹѹ¡
䣡
޲ѹϵķУãٳܣȻֲ˱С
ಣಣ
һӰٶڿգǺǣϷЩˣҲȫڱµȥʩֵ⾢
¡¡
һ죬Ƕҵţ׵һֵͬҲǷǳ֮ǿŵֵסɼನжôı̬ľ
ǺǣƷǾһˣ鰵һЦڳǿҲֻйǧǿನ޶ԣǿǰͲҲô˻ء
ڸ߿֮У񱩵˸ҹ⻪ѾеҰľΣ
ǿԿĻǾԻ˴һ
Ϊڴ˿̣Ʒƽһ
ɫŵĶǰƷ硣
ʱƷ𽣣ǿⱬȻȵĽסƵһ
һΣƷûܵκεˡ
ܣƾ
ܵ黹ءƷһЦֹһǿޱȵһ˫Ѫơ
ͫױƷ仯Ӷɿʼʼն벻ףƷ絽״Ӻεо޾һ㣬ԽսԽǿ
ƣڴӸղնƷķ֮ʱѾҪľеٴʵƷ磬Ʒڸо־ˡ
־֮£ƱΪ˷ŭɱңûôף
ȻƾˣעںɷСɷϾǼħǵõ࣬ɷǴǿ
ֻƷ˵Ѿȫвˡ
Ԫʽƣװ
Ʒ֮ɫ𽣵ǿţֲĽƺѾ̸סƬռ䣬֮䣬ĸо˷Ľ
Ʒ˴ϲ
ǧȴ֮ɫʵ̫ˣ˵ʱƷǲҲӵǿ
ҲˣޱȷŭٶһݺݵնƷ硣
ƷӭƵһӭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ɿֲضƺΪ֮һ
ţӴĲӿ

ֻһУ˱㾪ļƾǾиƷ˳ȥ
ܣ
Ʒ羹ȻһٽƸˣ


1353 ǧ
㵣ռϷ硣
û뵽֮䣬Ʒ羹ȻһƸش
ʱǱѪܣǿڰȶסΣϧľƼѾɥʧڸ޷ʹúɷˡ
ѾɵˣѾܵúܳˡ
Ʒ磡аŭƷ˵
Ǻǣһ㣬ԸӡƷ絭һЦ˷֮⡣
ߣƷ磬Ҽˣձرҧгݵ
ӦûˡƷɫһһǿѹݺݵĳƱѹȥ
ɫһ䣬ʵ˿̼ȻƷѹסȫ޷ҲǷ͵ĿҪѿһ㡣
ٶ䣬ɫŭеƷ磡ɱң
Ϊβɱ㣿Ʒ˫һ裬ŻɽɲƷ硣
Ʒ㽫֮Уͬһ㣬ٵĳɱ
ɫг˿־壬ԭΪƷ粻ôɱˣǡǡ෴Ʒڴһʼʱ׼ҪƵ
ˣƽȴ޷ڲ׸ĸѡƷɱڵıƾֱĵĿ־ˡ

ǧ龪һƷ׼ƺɱ֣͵ȥ
׵һϾ̫ͻȻȻôǧǸȥˡ
ǿǷǳƷǧǳȥˣҲȥˡ
ϷɫƱشԷڿƷļƣ׼ҪȥˣǺ
ס֣
ǧһ߼ţһ߷ŭĽе
ƷһǧĽкȣһ˲ӵƵǰɭףǿҵɱ
㡭ҡƲˣͫױȼѪɱһǿѹֹƸˣڵϢѪҺƺһ㡣
ʹúɷԸҵĻ㲻Ǿͺɱôɱ㣬кβңƷеĳֱƵؿڡ
ͣ
Ѫ罦ƵؿڱƷеǿйᴩ
㡭ɫŭʵĳ鶯ţȫΣھ֮ǰҲ벻ԼƷĽ¡
ǧ˾˫Ŀ죬ŭĳȥ
Ʒȥǧǣǿнڵȡ˳ǳ־ǰ˵˸㣬ֻҪǶвǲˣʲôݣҲԲ»ڣ԰·ˣ
ݣ
ƷݺݵĽ𽣸˳Ѫա
ƲҽһھȼһɿµףƷ罣ʴ֮Уķ֮£ʹлΪ˻ҽ
ǧɫһͣűͬһ
˾㵲ѣƷǽƸɱˣζƷ缴ٵĻǺǿ
ৣৣ
ǧӵƷǰŭ֮Уֱֳݺݵı㳯Ʒ˺ն˹ȥ
Ʒһмǧɱһն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬⻪䣬ǧǿһƷ𽣽һ͵ı𵴳һɹǿƲ
ǧʵǿƷȵĻǿɾͲԶˡ
䣡
һ죬ǧһ𣬿Ѫǿ֮Уһ㱻Ʒ𽣸ݺݵ˳ȥ
Ʒֳֽ䲻֮ɫĵ䶢ǧˡ
ţǧȶסΣͬŭƷ硣
ߣҲô𣿡Ʒߵ
Ʒ磡㽻ã㾹˽ɱʲô˼ǧŭе
ãҿɱҰɡƷص
ûôɣŭɫݺݵ˵Ʒ磬ɱǵǺ˶Բģħ˶ԲŹ㣡
ǺǣʹľǱвңƷһЦǿϢͬ˰ѹǧˡ
ǧɫһ䣬ӽӭ
Ʒ磡ʲô˼Ѳ㻹Ҫɱ𣿡ǧŭ
Ǻǣ̫ˣȻɱעҪǺ壬ɱк𣿡ƷһЦеһᣬٶϮһεĽı㼤ǧˡ
ǧɫһ֪Ӵ˽ˣҲô׾ƷС
ɱǣûôףǧһὣһɨȥɢоǴһɸʴϢƷϮνں֮ʱԻΪ˷ĩ
Ʒ簵ΪһСǧǣǧɢĸʴ֮˿£һܸоһɼŨҵ֮
һ£һȵĺӰͻȻƾƷűһĽֱƷĺشʹ̶
ˣǹ顣
Ʒ΢΢һٶȾԱ߽׵
ȤƷһЦۼĳƷһĻûΪһӰʧ
ɫ㵣һȻȫ˿ˡ
һ̣Ʒ練Ƶ˹ﵽ߽׵ľ磬ܹʤһֻڿϧˣ
˵ţƷеѾص˺ն˹
鷴Ӧ죬͵һתӭƷ׾һֱն˹еĳǣеĳȻĻһƬӰÿһӰʵԵĴڣҰųԽԭ˲ǰ˲ĽƷһ
䣡
һ죬⽣ȻƷʵؽǱƷ𽣸ݻٴ޴֮У鱻ǿƷ˳ȥ
ǣƷѾǳˣһԤǾ㲻Ҫ˹Ҳùشû뵽ֻùܵᴴѣԶڱ
һƷǧѾҪﵽ߽׵ʵеĽ죬ǱѰɣֵĻʵԲ߽֮
ţһĹâͻȻƷͷ̸֮
ţһŨĺڰ֮Ʒ֮
Ʒһ£оھĪһɿµǿԼľѪƷеǳĳԾǵ͹ǧʵ
Ʒ磬ʵ̫ˣڿ˽ʴѪֻҪ˴˶߽׾ߣҲñѪڵľѪȥһĿЦǧһͬƷǰһó֮ɫ
ǵҲǲ˶Զʵ˲٣ҪɱǵĻǲԸˡЦ
Ʒɫƽκε֮ɫԿǣƷɫ֮Уûκһ˿ľ֮ɫ


1354 Է
һȻ⣬ǿˡߵ
Ҳɫǧ죬Ʋ϶٣ƷڶԸƵʱ˲ٵƷҲӮ̫ɡ
һñɣôԹۣȽŭһֱڵƷİΣƷƺסˣȸļٵҪɱȥ
ûƾЩˣ㲻һ߰Ľе
һɫ˵˭ҲȥƷֵܡ
Ϊʲôȼʡ
ȥƷֵܵĻƷֵܽŻӰ졣˵
ֵ˵ûƷԸһﻹǴ´ġֻҪúÿűǣǳЩ״ǻȥֹġ˵һ˿ǸƷйģǧ죬ҲƷԶԸǡ
λֵ˵üǣƷʵҿɶĿãôһﶼءϷƨЦ
һܲ򵥡ѪǵѪͻȻ˵
ѪǺ˽𣿡ϷƳѪ˵оϷղǷѪˮһϹȥ
ѪҲǺԶԶһĴҲ֪һЩᣬѪǿɲħһ˹ᡣѪĻص
Ѫ˵˵ײɵ
Ѫ΢΢ͷչϿմǧ飬һ˵ǧļһʹΪĽѪʴĿ֮ˣлиΪ֮а˵˽븯ʴ
֮˰˿˽аڵλȻرǿȴӵżµ븯ʴ
˳ĬɫȻ
ţѪֵ飬ӵŲ߽׵֮ҲǼа齣Ա߽׵ʵ
齣аеڰλ˽µĵطǱǴ˽ĳܹȫסϢһߣǾ;Իɱ֡
ɫԼϹĻʤ㡣
û뵽Ƶλӣǲơ׼ˣƲսܵĻôǧֶ̳ԸƷ硣
ϧǣǵ͹ƷʵƾȻ˿ƷĽ¡
ʱƷһŨµĺڰ֮ţµѪڷƷڣʰȥʳƷڵľѪ
Ʒ磬ѪܰɣǧЦ¿մЩûгȥƷ磬ǧҲر
ܡƷ絭Ļصɫ¶м
ǧüе֮Ʒ˵Ʒ磬ҵ֮£Ѫȡڵ
֮аɣƷ練ܸȤʡ
ǺǣȻΰĺħ͡ǧһ羴Ц
أƷ綢ŹʣеҲǳ򵥡
齣Ҳɺħ͵һаĻص
ðɣֵҲȱЩҪˣƷɫһ͵ıһǿֵĺڰ֮ȻƷ档
㣡
ǧɫǧӶľʵ㡭ôҵѪ
ȷʵƷʲôʰڷеʱ򣬾׻𶼿գοʲôѪƷѹһ㶼ûз
СƶѡƷ缫ƽ˵
ԿǲСƣǧŭе֮Ȼһɿµ֮һ˸еĸʴ֮
һʧֵĸŽƷȥ
Ʒһм֮ɫ䶢ǧɱе𽣳ĺٶ
ݣ
ǧٶȼ죬һ˲ӵƷǰŭһЯſֲʴ֮ݺݵնƷ硣
ƷȻ壬ֱ̧һӭǧһն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ǿҵ𵴣֮УӿһµĺǿڷĳšǧѾƴƷ翹ţƷ練Եࡣ
ǧ
ǺǣԸ˷ҶٵƷһЦеһμ䱬һεĽϮǧ
ǧɫһ䣬֮ע˲طߡ
䣡
ǿһεĽֱӴݻǧķߡǧ⵽˾ҵĳ嶼챻˺ѿһ㣬ʹ಻ѡ
ǣǧѾûк·ˣŭ֮£֮ʴ֮ı𽣡
Ʒ缫ǲмȻûЩаӵа𽣿ԭʹùĽЩƷܱȵϵ
أ
Ʒеһ𣬵һ磬ֱӽǧʴ֮ѹ˻ȥ
ǧ֣ȻƷʵʵĹЧ
Ʒ˫һ裬ɱ
ݣ
ͻȻ֮䣬һϬĽƷϮ
ʱ򣬹龹Ʒ֮齣ȫݺݵĳƷֱϮȥ
Ʒüͷ΢壬ϢȻڱǰܹεסƷǰĻɾǰŪˣĻɱȹҪ˼Ρ
䣡
Ʒ粻ԻҵĽǧݺ˳ȥ͵ıתΣһˡ
㣡˵̶һƬƬĽӰϮƷ硣
㣿õ𣿡ƷһĹô黯Ʒ˵ûЧġ
Ԫһʽƣ
Ʒһ𽣵͵ıǰٱǶԸĻ԰ƵԶԸˡ
ݣ
׺Ľſֲ𽣣ͬ˺ƿռһ㣬ӭŹɨȥ
Ʒһѡ
͵һ£ҲǷĺն˹ȥ
䣡
һ춯ذı죬ɢһӴˣܵϮ˿Ʒһ㽫ǻʽƽˣ޴ĽƲ֮ǵذĳ˹顣
麧Ȼʧɫ֮ǰ
䣡
һǿе齣Ͳһ󣬾ֱ壬оڵζҪλһ㣬ѪѪڿգǱĵ˳ȥ
Ʒָ𽣣һϲַӡ
˾Ϣ֮ǰǼƷ类ѹƶһѪôһתۼ䣬ǧ龹Աشʵ̫ԷӦˡ
ǼһĻҲһһԵ÷ǳļ


1355 £
ת֮䣬ǧش
˶ƷĵǶˡ
ǧŭƷ磬ֲվһ
ǵֻϧǾһȻĻҾԲǵĶ֡Ʒ絭ȻǧҲǷǳ
ߣƷ磬ٵ⣬ǾҲԲҪùǧߵŭѡ
ЩѾ˺öˣǾͲܻʵġƷεҡͷʲôõģΪҪΪҾܹסԼмֵģˣܻʲôأ
ʵǧƷǷǳ֮͵ģѾͻȻҪ£ǧǵ˼ȻԲ󣬵ƷҲ뾡һԡ
Ʒ磡Ҳ̫СǶԺħ˵ҳˣܹܹȫħ˵ĴҵϧǧЦ
ô˵ûˡƷɫһ
ߣΪǲ֪˼Ҫ£ǣ룡ǧһʼ׼ȼڵľѪ
Ҳһӣ֪ƷĶ֣Ҳ׼ҪȼѪˡ
͵ģɫһ
ô£ǧ֮ɫ
ⲻܣס
ҪȼѪɣƷ΢΢ҡͷޱ˵Щ˰ҪƴģôܶأڵľѪղѾҽˣҪĻҲþҵͬ⡣
ɣŭ
ˣȻĻҲˡƷ֮ɫĺ𽣣䵭˵ɣ
ûôףǧһе֮ŨϢӿ˿ϢһѹƷ硣
һȵʧ
ƷԭۼǺӿὣһɨȥ
䣡
һ죬ǿ͵ĽǰԵĽǺɢ
ɢȥ֮ʱǧͻȻƷǰеſµĸʴ֮ݺݵĴƷؿڡ
ݣ
һĽֳûƷǧһ֣ͬγ˶Ʒǰл֮ơ
ƷһЦ͵ǧ˹ȥĴǧ̶ж˿ȥϬĽӵǧǰ
ǧɫһ䡣
Ʒ߷һĨЦҪȥǧģͻȻƷ绹Ǹı⣬㼴ջ𽣣͵һƳǧؿڴȥһƵҲǲ̺ǿľ
飡һ
ǧصİƷһƣƷƾбһǿǧɫֵĸоӺȻסˣԶ
Ʒޱ飬е˼֣ǧؿڴһ¡
ͣ
ǧѪɢһ㣬ص׹ȥ
أ
һ죬ǧڵ䵽㳡֮У̼ݳһ޿ӣʯɽһƬ̳
ԼǧһϢĵ˾޿֮Уʧȥ˷֮
ǧֵܣ龪һŭѣһƣƷıƷĲỮ˹ȥ
ƷԾţĳ𽣣ƶȴֺܿȻӭŹһ˹ȥ

һĽ֮Ϊ⻡ǿ˱ɢĹ⻪ɢ
ʩȫƷ𽣽֮ʱ𾪵ĴƷе𽣸оһǿԵӿƶһ˿֮ûС
ƷһЦһ𣬾Եֱӽ˳ȥ
ƽһɶ
֮䣬Ʒ˲ӵ˹ǰͬûʹ𽣣ٶڳһƣصؿڴȥ
䲻ǧ⵽ش
أ
һǣǧһصĴӿ׹㳡֮С
һգ۵ĹƷɵĽǧ˾ɻǣƷ羹Ȼǧ飬ûҪǧǵ
Ʒǡסˡ
Ҷˡ΢΢һЦʱһλɱɱ֣ƷжӴ׷Ʒ硣
ڣǧ죬Ʒ֮⣬ڳ˼˻ǧǵĶ֣ƷѾ˰֮ġ
ǧĽ֮У˵Ʒ֮⣬ܹ£ǧ飬ټĻ׳
ʱ˾㵵Ŀע֮£Ʒе𽣣Ĵнǧǰ
˿̣㳡ճţһĻ
ΪΪʲôһɳƵǧ鼫ΪѵԽ֧ӣҡҡ׹ͷɢǱѡ
㡭Ϊβɱǣ˫۳ʵ
ûȤƷ絭Ȼص
ߣΪǻм㣬Ϊ˵һĪĳ裡ߵֿ˼£еѪǳ
ҲҪǸмҡƷ˫ǧˣֵ֪ǿڿ˵ںħǾں壬֪ǲںˡҺǣǵǲΪΪʲô
ΪԺħ˵Ҳܵħ˵Ķݡǧһ羴ӻص
ݣ˵ǾüֵɡƷ
ߣħˣǧߵ
û˼Ʒ˵ҾãûʲôûܱȻŸҪһˣеһҲȻʧˡĺħҲΪ˶еκεʹϧҲǰװ׵
ĸԸǧִ˵
Ʒ磡ٷϻҪɱǾʹʹ˽ǣǲǷ飡Ʒ˵
ûǷʲô֮䱾κεĶԹֻڶѡƷɫƽ˵߰ɣûȤɱǣԺ㲻ѣҲҲҵĵˣҲвˣҲɱ޹ġ
ߣô֪Ժ󲻻ĵˣǧһ
Ȼǵ˵Ļô´ҾһɱǡƷһɫĻص
ãһڵģǧ
ǿˡƷ米
ǧ΢΢ͷƷıӰۣɫƺʼ¶һ临ӵĸ飬ҲתۼŶѡ
˿ĻѾ׵ľסˡҲ̫˰ɣƷ羹Ȼǧ뿪˿ܹΣ
ǣƷľҲû˸ҷʲô
˾ȵĿע֮£ǧ໥ţƺÿһڲӣ뿪㳡
˿̣Ϣ
ֱǧ鳹ʧ㳡еʱƷϱ¶һЦݣǺǣڵһǰɡ


1356 ȡɷ
ŻɽⲻƷ硣
ǣƷԼŻȥĲϻȻҪ˵ǧǺѣƷ֪ԺҲΪˡ
Ʒ磡̫ɵˣôԾôˣĳƷ˵
ģк׵ڡ
ϷһҲƷ޴Ҳȥʲô
ƷֵܣҲܲףɲһ磬һˣǾô뿪˵ĻԺضǱڵľ޴Σɫ˵
ǾԲΪǵĵˣʹѡƷ΢΢һЦ
֧Ʒ硣ͻȻҲ龰˽Ʒˡ
Ҳ֧ϴϴԺΪǵ˵ĻϴܹƽǡֵЦûκġ
Ʒ磬Ҳ֪ڷǸˣҪħ磬㲻ҪΪǷеһħҲãȽƷ˵
ǺǣзִġƷЦЦֵԺǳΪǵ˵ĻҷģҾԻɱǣ
У˶Ѿˣ˵ʲôҲûˣϣ㲻ڡƳƷ硣
Ȳ˵ˣɱ˺ڲ֮󣬺ԴΪڣٽƷһ˵
Ǵбûʲô£Ҳúú׼һˡص˵
Ǻǣ˵ĻȻ͸ˡƷЦ
Ʒ磬ɲС˺壬˵ħڹǲǳ֣ǿ󡣶ʧ˲٣Щ˵Ļ忹⡣ص˵
ɲһƷһЦ
üͷԴƷ˼
ˣˡƷͻȻ뵽ʲôȥ
䣬Ʒ˻ȴǶǺɷ
⽣׵һɷȻѾ޹أǽеɷǷǳ֮أ˸еη
ߣϴħ֮ʱɷǺħ˻ȥܹɷɷҲ˲٣ǺħջȥˡƷߵ
˼ǣƺ뵽ʲôԵ÷ǳ𾪡
ĨȥӡǡƷ
ôܣǼħ̲סϷҲһƷҲʵ̫ˣĨȥһħӡǼȫܵģһΣգ⵽޴ķɡ
԰ɣɷǲĨȥʶҲԲջȥˡƷ˵
Ʒ㽫ɷСȫĿռ䣬ħж޷ջغɷġ
ʱȶúɷ֮󣬺ʵƷֵܣкμƻ
һ֮ڣ˱Ʒ˵ǼƻĻʱûУʱ׼ӦԱǡ
ߣǺħǳֵĻûʲôõˡСߵСͻƵ߽׾֮󣬱Բ١
ǺǣܹѹסĻħȻǳ֣¹ħϵ⡣屻ƵĻħǷԸǡƷ絭һЦ
ħֵĻǿǺʤ㡣ص˵
ⲻصģﻹڷħصģħǾԲӲܵģο㲻طħ֣ҪԸħҲǲܡƷ˵
˾ĽƷ磬ܸоƷͻȻƺˡ
ҿ̫ˣħԸ𣿡ȵƷ˵
ƷֻЦЦûȥشʲô
ţƷתϯ̨ϵڳ˵λ˴غ彫ڽǻеѡȥⶼǵɣƷԲ˶ǲǰܹ֤ԲܳΪҵĵˡ
ϷѰ˼˻
ƷɫƽʵϷѡĻƷӰҲر
ȻܹϷԸǵĻȻá
ڣħصĻƬǷǳģڳɢĴĻҪľֱУ̫ȥ˷ʱȥռǣΪǲв
ڳѰ˼ã˱̬ˡ
ƷȻѾƳΪڳ֮ҲǵһӣǾǲǶ˵ġϷ
˵ûҲʲô̰֮ƷʵڣǾǸƷҲʲôѪŵ
ȻǶһһ̬ˣԸǣὫڳǵҪӢڶʱڵС
ƷãЦƷɾڴ˸лλˣƷ羡߾ȫάڳǵȫ
ζţƷѾշڳ
֮ڳ̷׷׷ǡڶʱ֮ڣڳصоӢС
ȻΪӦԺвƷҲŬޡ
ƷбչСǵĻֻУϾʱܻ
ʱУ޿ռ䡣
ǰƷ绽
һ£Ǳ׷Դϴڶź֮ʱѾתΪлص𸮣ʱҲָ塣
Сǹ
ǺǣλǰƷмҪǰæҲֻǿ԰æˡƷЦű㽫ɷֶ
ɷһ֣һɿֲɷɢ˳
ÿµɷ˾
ǺɷӵżǿɷƷĻڲҪ𽣵ġƷ˵
С˽ɷأа֮СľӰ죬ϣС֣֮ɫȻûȫ˵꣬˼ϣƷܹ˺ɷ
ǺǣǰˡƷЦЦɷһλǿĵ֮УΪ˼λߵʵλǰܹ֮˽ʶĨȥλǰ뾭飬Ӧÿ԰쵽ɣ
ԭˡ˿ΪƷҪ˽ȡء
ţ׻˵С𸮿ռеĻǵĨȥʶѣСԷģ¾ͽˡ
ǾͰˡƷм
ֻǡ׻ɫȻʣ˽ɷأѰУλֵʵҪԶǿ㣬СʵҪԸĻǺѰɣ
ףҪһʱչأѾ㹻ͻˡƷŰȻĻص
ͻƣ
ǾȲѣϴͻƵĻʱŹƷ⻰Ե÷ǳ𾪡
ûѾ˾ԵİգƷȭֻҪ˱ħǿߵľ磬಻ܰ쵽ҲͿˡ


1357 
İ֮أаδ֪Ŀռ䡣
ܣĺɷôᱻĨȥʶĿռ֮Уһռ䶼Ҫ
ţǺڰ֮УֳһɫӰ
ӰȫĿͶ֮䣬͸һϣĴʱ̶ɢа
ħˣһӰƾ⴦İĿռ֮УǺ峤ںҲֻʸȥݼħˡ
ħĿݣ
ħˣҶƷУҿħַܹ̳ǣֵɫ鶯óǳ֮ջ
ڻʱ䣬һϰɡħص
ħˣȥĻǵĻǿɾʧȥûˡæ
ߣ𣿡ħһӴѹֱѹ˹ȥ
һıѹ亹ħħˣСĲңҲΪ˴ֿǡ
ħһ㽫ѹ˻ΪбӳֵĺɷԶԸƷ磬û뵽Ȼ͹Ʒû뵽Ʒ羹ȻɱǺҲãѾ㹻ȥַħء
ħˣڲ᣿˵
ɡħ΢΢ҡͷ˵ԭΪ֮ǰħشõͻ֮󣬷ħѾΪ塣
ôɻ
ΪĺɷĨȥʶ޷ɷջħ
ĨȥʶѣɷǺħרõǽаɷħаҪĨȥɷʶǲ̫ܵġ
ûһǷħǸһΨħ˵ħ֪ɷʶǱĨȥĻǺħǵѪ
˵Ƿħǣɫ
Ҳڵ⣬ѾõͻƣǷħƻָˣҲһǱĶ֣ҪоԵİգħɷǳ򵥡ħ˸Źͫ⡣
ٻȥټеˣʱȴħ˵ĺ˵
ȥɡ
ǣ
ϹϾĹһתʧƬڰĿռ֮С

ʱա
ʱУսƸڣ
ڳؾžӢۼУǱǧϵľսħ˧ǿҲǴﵽλһιģ
ڳУʱ׼żӭһս
һЩ޷ⳡսĳ񣬱㱻תƵС
˴ǺĻἯչϮڳеĶѾС
洦ɼУսף緢սʿӿţڳҲǲصķߡڳڳĴ˲ĽƣħǿߵǺѴݻǡ
˴ս¹֮ħеĹħǿ߱⣬һ˵ǲⳡսġ
رһռݵĻħǿǣƵ֮£ôʤȡõһأⳡսǳ֮Ҫ
ڣƷڱչ֮УȫȨкǸ
ҲǰŵľȻڳǾžӢȻǢ¹شսҪԣϸĹԣڳǾŵľӢҪԤеǢࡣ
ǵڳ´
Ѿ׼㣬ڸضûзκεҲ˵廹δȡж
ôһϣѾ˽µʱ䡣
ڴʱƷʱռбչؾޣܱ֮ڶ塣Ʒõ٣رǴõĸ߽׼ƷһͬʵнչͻƣнķѾﵽϵʵǹƾȷеԺˡ
ͻȻƷӱչ͵˫ֱۣâ
Ѿ㹻ˡƷ簵һЦһڶҲһͬƷ˺ռ֮С
ûƷ׼Ҫĺˡ
壬ÿʮԺһΣÿεĺ嶼ǷǳҪġ
ƷӵżѾﵽԪڣټ˲ٵټеķĻܵõͻơ
Ȼڴ֮䣬Ʒû뵽ҪͻԪǵҪôӴռĻƷǵ޸ϰſɵõͻơ
ѹ˵ħ֮У߽׼˲٣һֱԿħżһǳǿľ磬˵ͿͻƵġ
ৣৣ
һ壬ѾƷߣƷΧһȦƷڴȦ֮ϥ
ʵںħʵƷȫԼͻħľ磬ϷħĻԸħӦòǺܴ
ƷΪληħΪħȹԼƷѾŲ²⵽˷ħݡ
ʱƷԼĽһ㣬ڷһۣеΪ⣬ЩʵѾǺǿˡرǵһ壬Ѿﵽ߽׵ľ硣
ţƷ㾲ı˫ۣлҪϾܻ֮ƷõͻƣƷУȶͻơ
ȻƷĻռΪһ壬סռе
ԱƷһ壡
䣬ƷбһǿҵĽâһ㣬˲㽫ռ䶼̸סˣеķҲǽâס
ţʮ壬һͬҫһҫ۵Ľ⡣
â֮У俴ɢƷܵķ壬һƷȥȻƷ֮С
ƷĸоһһǿӿԼڣƷ統Уӿ壬ӤŲϵǿ׳ʵ
ǿϵǿ
ƷÿеӤжܴһǿ
ˣƷ֮ԼѪɹǿϴ֮Уüǿ
ڣƷͿԼĸоԼ֮ѾԽԪڵķ룬һڲϵǿš
ȻƷҲǲҲ֮ÿһ֮ʱƷ綼ȥȥӿȶвϵǿŽӤɵԪ
ڣƷӤеԪѾﵽƿ
͵һ£һͬƷڣת֮ĴԪһӿڽӤ֮С
䣡
һ죬𸮵Ŀռ䶼ʼҵ޾Ľɫ⻡͵ſռĴӿ˿ȥ
ţƷڿնϥڿգһϵϣıӿ˿۵ĽâûеҰ


1358 Ԫ
ɣƷڽŽԵĳ̡
Ԫ龳һ磬Իеÿһ㾳綼ҪνԳ̣ÿһεĽԳ̶ʧܣǲʧܵĻǽǰϣ絹
Ȼ׳ǱȽ鷳Ʒȴܸоǳ̳ɹ֮ʵüĿ£ټϿħĻԽսҲȫܵġ
ʱƷȫǿҵĽâ֮УŵһεĽ׳̡
Ȼ֮ƷĲѾȫԽԪ龳ķ룬ԵһνԵĳ̷ǳס
䣡
һ죬Ʒ絤еĽӤ𵴳һɿֲϢӤҵšƷУǾ㵵ķ֣еĽӤǷֻ˳
ѵͻ֮ӤĴ𣿡Ʒ簵
ȻļܾȣƷȴǲҷģȶ񣬾˾УԲܳ˿Ĵ
֮Ʒ羹ǳԾķ֣ӤȷʵӤַֻһӤ壬ӤȴԭӤصһҲ˵Ʒӵ˫ؽӤ
˵ʵ̫ˡ
ڣƷĸоؽӤȻغһ𣬵ȴȫġƷչڵڶؽӤ֮УڶؽӤе˳
Ȼ䣬ڶؽӤǴӤз˿ֱӴƷзֻ˳
ţһĿĽҫƷ֮ȻһŽӰ˼ǣӰƷȫƣͨʻƽɫ
ûƷһγֻ֮ӵеĵһؽ
һؽֻǿһطԸоиоɭŨϢ
ӵſµͬʱԾгԽһεǿȣ̬ܹͬȼĶ־Եͬھ
Ҳ˵жǿֻҪͬȼĻ⵽ͬھĻԹ
Ȼǿ£ͬھĻҲԵҪǧʱſ޻һһΪֻȲ֮²ſʹ
ǺǣԭˣƷ˷һЦͻԪ龳֮󣬱Ԫ
Ԫ㣬ҲǷΪкڣͬÿһڶζýν׳̣ÿһ׳̳ɹ֮ӵһؽ
һ׶ΣΪԪڣγ̽ףɹν׳֮ԪʱӵؽÿһؽȻͬÿһصĽǲܻǿͱ˵̬ͬͲӵеġ
Ԫ֮ƷӤڵԪתΪԪ
ԪȱħħǿߵͬлҪ΢ǿһ
Ʒ缫˷ܣû뵽һν׳ִ˿µԪһɹֻ
ڵһؽ֮Ʒ֮Ҳﵽ˼αǿƾֵ֮ܵסħǿߵһǿ
ǿ֮⣬ƷλҲõͻƣΪ֮
֮߱ŸΪǿĻķǿҲǷǳǿģ֮ķҲ˶Զ
ȻԪ֮ͻƵ֮ԭƷڵ𣬴ӶתΪԪ
ԪʰɫǸ˺üΣԪֱӴݻֵĻ򵥵˵һγɵĹܣԪԶɼĴݻ
ԣƷԪԪںΪһԹĻͬȫ޵еĴڡ
ԪڵĵһѾɹףƷۺʵõ˱ǡ
ǣڶ̵ĻƷҪȶ֮ſɽС
ţƷԳʮŵѪ
ѪħеĻһľ壬ѪƷǼߵģƷŸƿռӵԴԴϵľʯ
ֻǣʯ̺ȵħƷҪн׳̵Ļʯ
ʮŵѪƷˡ
ƷסڵϢʼžʯеȻƷȫǿоʯĻ°빦Ч
ƷվʯչΪƷȽϴʮŵѪʯܿҪƷչˡ
㣬˽µʱ䣬ƷѾķϰŵѪҲֻƷֱˡ
ڣƷ׼ڶεĳˡ
ʱƷľѾȫ̺ˣһ˲١ѪʯĻƷǵȵڶν׳̵ûʱ䡣
ˣ׼ڶγˣƷԵú˷ܣһν׳ֻѾƷܼôڶν׳ֻĵڶؽֻӵǿˡ
뵽ڴˣƷһԺб㸡ֳ˻еҪȻС
ʱƷ籶оȵǣеĻԪȻӿӤ֮С˵ԪԪںϲǿĹӤȫǲͬģԪ£ֱӤеĻӤĿԳܵ
Ѱ˼˻Ʒ粢ûͣȻҪȻĵұλʦĻʽǷǳò˼顣
ţԪڽӤеʱ򡣽ӶıһĪʹԪӤȷʵǿЦġ
ʹ࣡µʹ࣡
ָоǱҪʹٱӤƷ干ģӤܵʹ࣬Ʒ̵ܹĸܵ
ƷǾֵʹĥƷ־ѱüļᶨмڻǿżʹ࣬ԪҲϵעڽӤС
ʱƣƺԪעѾﵽ˽Ӥܳܵļޡ
ʱƷܸоʹҲú΢ˡ
͵ģƷһչ׳̡
𣡡
ƷްĴһھӿһӴԪռҵ
˿̣ƷǾ㵵ĸоԭĽӤУַֻһӤ壬Ӥصһ
˷֮£Ʒ㽫ֻĵڶڳ˳ȥ
ɼҫ۵Ľâ֮УƷֳ֮һƷȫƵĽͬͨʽɫ
ûֻĵڶؽ
ȻǽĴڣȫɻԪĻɡ˼壬ӵŻ𹥻ҶƷĻĻͨȫ޷ݻٻģֻԻſ⣬Ȼȫġ
Ʒ缤֣ڶؽѾֻˣǵȫԵĽ׳ˣҲΪؼһΡ
ԣһν׳̷ǳҪƷֵҪһʱȥȶˡ
Ȼڵڶν׳̳ɹ֮ƷڵԪеĻԪǿν׳ҪʱҲҪࡣ
ˣһƷֱӸŵѪʯԼ


1359 
ܿ죬ʱѾȥһ¡
һƷڱչһֱ޶
ƬħҲڳز޷رľһһ춼Ե˵İֻߺѹ֡
ΪʱַܻһҶûзɹ裬ҲǲСѾǸտʼǰ㶷־ˡ
´С
֮Уʮλǿߡ
Ʒ粻ڣɺΪҪ
ʱλ֮УһۣԵúܳĬ֮⣬ڳѾûʼǰ㻳мˡ
˴żλˣΪҪ֪յΡ׿ڴ˳ĬɫйϷǱȥ
һˣǱһֱ޶սʿǵ־Щˡǵ˵
ǰǲǵĵǹˣƬؿзħҲɡ³ǵĻ˵
Ǻǣǵ˼ǣЦʡ
ھսҽĦϣôȥĻ¶ڳǼദìӰ졣ѪǵѪ˵
˵üǣλ˼Ҫ𣿡׵Ȼʡ
ĬҲ˼
Ҳû˵رЩǣɣҲǿλ˭ҪĻɳǡ
ڳѰ˼ãǾôûƷкߵĻԺҲ˵ȥ֮Ҳֻڹ˼ƷӶѡ
ɣƷ֮ǺĻгҲɡϷ˵ڳϷǱȽƷġ
ڳ΢΢ͷҲͬϷĻ
ҲС׵˵ͷ˵ǣȻλǵĻǾͱʱ̱־衣ҪȻ״̬ĻǹݹضǴֲ
˵ţͻȻ⴫һλˣ
һ㶡
üͷ壬ֱӴ
ţһλս׵ħ˧߱ϹϾ˽һӼڶǿߣѹҲǲС
˵ɣʲôʵ
ˣڳʮ֮⴫ϢһɴڼǰҳǷ򡣡˻ص
жˣײʣҲ˫
ⲻ̫Ϊǵ˲ҿ̫ݴϢƣϰˡһɫĻص
ϰˣѰ˼˻ڳѾҪоӢתƵǣͻȻֵϰ˾⡣
ȥɡ׶˵
ǣ˹񣬻˳˴
ţײصĶ˵±ΣԸǰȥ̽飿
ЩǵǳĬˡǺĻǰȥ̽鱻ֵĻǱض޻صġ
ȥɣСӦƷ֮⣬СʵΪǿﵽ߽ס
СֵܣСĵ㣬Ļ̸ϻصѵ
Ǻǣû£ֻҪħǿߣκβҵġСЦЦ
С뿪ֱ⼱ٷȥ
Ҳǽ뿪ϾǺǿɵӦԵ׼
ʱСѾǽʮľ롣ΪȽϽӽϢķΧСҲñȽϽסڵϢʼǰƽ
Сٶ֮߳ʱչ۳Ծļھ֮⣬ԼѹѹһƬͷӿͬˮһ㣬ڶ
Ϣϰ˰ǧˣЩ˵ʵձ鲻ħ˧ǿռ˺һ֣Ľħǿߣɴ֮ʱЯһɹɿа֮
֮⣬ԸоʮɴﵽǿϢ
壡Сɫһ
ƣܹħطҲֻкˡ
Сۻء
ȻʮǿϢֱƶֱסССİΧסˡ
Сɫһ䣬ȻܹʶԼϢʵǼ򵥡
СҲ˿ûоɫȻǱΧˣǵҪƵǺηˡ
λСֵܣȻҿͲؼˡһЦСⲻԶ֮УˢˢֳʮһӰ
Ϊ֮ˣλаӣָۣһѪɫĳɢһɿµħ
ħǿСȵĻƺҪ΢ǿһ
λ֮⣬ͬеĻʮλϴŸɫߵĺˣʮλ˵ʵ䲻򵥣ȻѾ߱н׼ʵ
Сʵ˭
Ǻǣ֮Ϊ׵λаЦ
ûλӱǺеħǷħħҲһ߽׼ħ
ͬеʮλˣΪʮа
壡Сɫߵʲô˼
СֵܣῪЦǰӣҶƷ˴ζԵΪҶֻһ㲻᲻֪ɣȻ˫˸Ĺâ
˼ƷѲУҪƷĻǾ´ٹɡС˵
˵ĻǾеƷԲ᲻Ǻӵġ
ߣȥǣǾ͵ȹһأСһڱӿһǿһսɨǡ
еľСɢǿϢѾﵽ߽׵ľ磬һܸоСɢϢСһ壬еĻҪǿ
뵽ڴˣ÷ǳջ𣬴ӴϢУںƷ֮ħֻʣƷһλʵﵽ߽ʵˣôͻȻðǿĶ֡
ʮаǶСʵҲеΪĳԾƾСɢϢǸо޴ѹ
֮ɫĺħС˵˵СֵܾǲǺˡ
ǺӺܴ𣿡С̰˵
Сӣδ̫Ǻ˰ɡĿʼתˣеķħѹһɿֲħεľСѹȥ
Сɫƽǿս֮ڱ׵֮ӿƳ֮УСһûܵκεӰ졣
Ҳ˶ѡСĵ
죡ŭһ죬ŷħһ˲ӵСǰгſֲħҫ۵ĺâСݺݵ˺ն
СҴ⣬Ҳȥ̽ʵ˫˫ǿԵ׵ֱ֮ӭһӲ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬С˫ļסеķħӵħѵĽɢ˿ȥ
һ죬ڴ˴ʮ֮صǣĸӦǿҵľ
£֮УһӰѭǾԴ֮ٵĳӶȥ


1360 ս
䣡
죬Ʋӿ
Сƺеķħסһ㣬ǿжԵڷĳš
ɫأСȱȽӵ׵壬ħǷǳ֮ϡٵģʵҲǼǿġ
ֻϧҵķħʤ㣡̧ͷ
ţСԾļħ֮ʱǽоȻһɹǿ֮УȻԽڵѪ׵֮Ŀס
֮£Сֻ˻𾪵ĶеķħȻʲô
Ǻǣħ˼壬ǾǿзӡסڵѪȻʵǿħǷӡסˣȥ󲿷ֵʵǿԵġЦ
ԭˡСȻȻİȻϧˣ̫͹ҵʵˣ
˵գСͷһ
Ȼ֮䣬СһǿҵĽâһɿֲ׵֮һ޴׵ֱ֮С
ٶ䣬罻Ʋ㷭ǿرѹ¡
â֮УСӴưڸסգһ˫޴˫Ķǡ
ȷʵǱеҪǿ࣬ԳԽҵķħĻ˷ħħ
ಣಣ
һӰȻ֡
ûĺǡ
üͷ΢壬мЦǺǣˡ
˵꣬ɨźһˣΪƷ粢졣ӺЩ˿ԸоҲûܱȵСʵҲ˵Ʒ粢ڴڡ
ʱҲϸĴЩˣѹûһ֮֡⣬ԸоʮǿϢƽļ֮ӿһӴϢǿǴﵽǧڵ
𣡡׵Ե˳ء
ϷҲ㵣û뵽֮ǿ֮ǰûǧ鲻ڵĻºӵĿֲ
λСģЩһﶼöԸСصѵ
˳ͷ˵ҲܿóЩ˵ʵһ𽥱ƽʮǿϢ
ߣƷأǼһﲻǶŲҳְɣź˵
УҲ̫СƷˡ֮Աǡ
𣿡ݺݵ˵ǾȻǼһﲻҳֵĻǾֻ˽ǣǼһһ˰ɣ
Ҳ̫͹ˡСЦ
ǲǵ͹Ǻúøܵģ
ţ৵ֳʮӰһֳʮλǿߣȻЩ׵ʵټʮаĻѾȫԽСǡ
䣡䣡
һҵĵ֮¿֮ͬϰĴ飬ǧĴٵбȥ
Сɫأڸͳ鲻˻򡣶˾൱һҵ˺
ߣƻĻܵģҪ̲ǰɡӦ˵ǺҪռеذɣߵ
ȻǶ֪˵ĿģҲ˵ϻˣɱ
䣬ɱвСʮаǴﵽʵʮλ˱һͬźɱȥ
ɱ
ŭһŭӭɱ˹ȥ
Ϊ˫żĲ죬Ǽλͬʱӭλǿߣս˺ʮаϷǾλӭʮλˡ
˱뽭ָӭսааסǸսλǿУʮаϵаأʵ򵥣ѹ
ϷоˣԷЩ죬ϷǲмλﵽнʵߣԶʮλѹǺܴ
𣡡
ŭһڶ־֮Уֱӱħս壬ʵһ֮սаа׶ҷ˻ռЩϷ硣
ϾѾﵽ˿ħ弶״̬֮ͬУѾǴﵽ޵еĴڣһ˶Ըλнǿߣⲻ
֮⣬ȣ죬һӭааսааսһֶͬԸҲ˵ôɡ
ڴﵽ߽׼ʵ֮ʵףԶԸааƣѪħʱסа˻ǿԵġ
˵ѹ΢ȽϴһЩȻ˵Ҳչ񣬵ս鲻Ƿǳ㣬ʩƻ֮ĻҲʱܹǿȥӦаа
䣡䣡
һ죬쳹֮СʹĿˣʹÿˡ˫ǿ߼ңҵĹ⻪ŰľˣпԵаĺ޴ıը𶯵Ĵڲ˫ǿڷĲɱ
Ʒ绹δأСǶԸȻʤ㲻Ǻܴ󣬵ʱ仹ûģСҲڼȥƷ硣
Сļذ˶߸߽׼ǿߡ
޼׺䶥Сŭһ
䣬һ񱩵Ľף䶥
޾ɫеķħŽ׵ĺ
䣡䣡
һ׿£ǱķħֵסСԾǣĽֻҪķħ֮ʱȻǷħʵʵ˺
˵С޼ҲʧЧˡ
ֻҲ̫ʧˣ⣬˲СǰһĻһϬĽâ
£Сչ˫˫˲串ϲ׵֮ӭһâȥ
䣡
âݺݵС˫֮У磬һƬ㡣
Сһ𣬾֣׵֮ԵֵסеķħǱǽâеǿ˳ȥ
Ǻǣкħҷħע˵ƷҲκβңⰵЦһСһ͵Сɱȥ
Сʶ˷ħȻ׵֮޷ȥסħĻǲƾǿսȥԿ
ϾСս廯֮ҲǴﵽ߽׼ĲΡ
ɣ˲˹Сͷն˹ȥ
СŭѣֱӰڶ˫ӭһݺݵɨ˹ȥ
飡һ
һصվСıУһɾ޴ֲСıСڡ
𣡡
Сʹһֱһ˳ȥ
ֲУ⽣ʵ̫ǿˣСԵޱȵأеķħʵ̫Եˣ׵ܱ֮ħס
⣬СκδϢĻᣬӽϡ
Сеķħ֪Ӳǲˣֻˡ
ݣݣ
ĻŷħһĽâСϮȥ
СȻħ⣬СٶȾԲҪǿ⼸Сܹˡ
᲻֪С˼ǿ˹ƣСš
С亹Ҳֻܽȥסˡ
ȻҲСΪһս


1361 ǿķ
ģôܶԸһСܴ죬ԭʵͲӲϵǷħסˡ
ΨСǴ򲻹ҲҪסҪԼ˵Ļ˸͸Ķ֡
ɫŷħ˹
ݣ
ĳһɹµϢնС
Сһ£˳ȥ仯Ϊ״̬ȻȥħĻСҲûҪȥ廯ˣȻٶȻǿֻ࣬ǼԣȶֵĻ״̬Ļܲס
ͦ𣡡ЦСľٶҲǸеЩȣ˫һ裬ֳ˵ⶼûõġ
˵գּ˹ȥٶȼ죬С״̬֮ٶСҲ൱ٶȼ죬˲СǰеһƬӰͬһ㣬סСϮȥ
СͲеķħӲֱӱ˳ȥ
ȴͱˣˣСѹȥ
СʢŭѣδйôȻҪ˼ôѹô֮ӿ˫֮УкһɹɰԵ׵֮ϮǶĽŭĺ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ˣһƬƬ˿ȥСŭȫµһȻֱħ˴룬СԿ⡣
䣡
һ죬С˫һϱ⵽һҵѳֲסΣǱıƵõ˳ȥ
һЦܹɵѹסͬĶ֣ŴǣзǿҵɱѪףС׷˹ȥ
ݣ
ĽͬƳ磬۶綾߰ĳƵģסСؿڣݺݵش˹ȥ
СȻһ֮£˿
һȻ˿գû뵽Сܴ֮ѹԼһ
ʱСѾӵһߣڴŴɫԵޱȵأСΪֵĶ֣ʵӲˡ
ܶõʲôʱ򣡡һӽ
ݣݣ
滨һ㣬Ӱ৶ȥ޼ϣСӲǲСκδϢĻᡣ
͵ĹƣС侲˵СҲƷԼޣСƷһͬɳȻûо޵ƷҲƷһ
ԣڱ״̬֮Сٶ࣬侲ĹѰֵĻᡣ
ϾҲҪڷħֻҪܿħӲĻֻǿԵġ
ŭѣҵĹƣû˵СƺСת
ݹϿմսҲΪļң˫ǿߣݱ
ϷԸЩˣҪȽɣʮλѾλ䡣ϷǱѾȫռƣٶǿ˹ơ
ǺǱߣһ˶Զλнǿߣѹʱ̶пܳΣ
뽭ָԶһλнǿߣȻ˵аأʵҪѰ뽭ʵĻ뽭仹ռЩϷ硣
Ϊͣڿħ֮ӵżǿս
аа׾ѣڷչֳĿħսо˱µη塣
䣡
صһȭǿҵѪɫ⣬סа˺ȥ
а˾һ£о˷һȭǿеĳӭ
˸˵ĵֵһȭȥ
䣡
쾪𣬷ǳǿȭֱӴݻа˵ķߣֲĳ͵Ľа˸ɢ˿
˫۷ɭĺ⣬סа磬ȥ
ڿħ֮󣬷˵ٶҲǿһգ۱Ƶаǰһȭž޴ݺݵĳаؿڴȥ
аɫһ䣬аֶ뷲˿⣬˵Լˡҷ˵ٶȺܿ죬а׸ûдﵽԳ˵ٶȡ
Ȳ֮£аһӭŷ˵һȭֱն˹ȥ
֪аһҪ򷲿˵ȭ֮ʱͻȻһ;ջ˹ƣƾռʧаǰһ㡣
ݣ
аһỮ˹ȥȫûлκεĿꡣ
ãа̿ľһ
ˣһа㾪ֵĸоһֻǿĴ֣ȻİԼԴϣаһĿаͷ­
аŵ԰ףԺеʶͻȻģһ㣬ΪһɿֲаѾϮԼԴ棬ƺѾסа
֣аŭ
аף͵һ
飡
һ죬һƬѪɣѪҲ˷УаԴȻ˿
Ȼ󣬷ֱӵа׵棬ڳһȭݺݵĽаµҳ˷飬ٶڵ
쵰аױһŭıŷ˳ɱ˹ȥ
ʵǿᣬ˶£οڻֻаһˡ
ݣ
ϬĳЯһɿµааɱڵļ˷ˡƺѾʧȥԭеǣϾԵĶ̫ǿˣȻֱӽһλнǿ߸ɱˡ
а׼һ˺ҲûҪ׼㿪˼ĿѪɫӽа׵һǲмǿħսӵеİ
аŭһѾõһ˷˵ؿڲλ
ֻǣа𾪿־ǣеĳδȫ̳ȥͻȻһָ˹ȵĿסаеĳ
аͫױǰףве
͵ģֱӿа׵һݺݵǰ˹
֮£аǰһ㣬аױ˫۾ֵĿһֻӭ
飡
ǿһȭһȭа׵С

аʹһڱ֮УѪڷ˵һȭжȥ
Ȼ˿ûоʹ˷ŹаסаеĳһŤȻаеǰݺݵĴ̴а׵ؿڡ
аɫ԰ףʹг˾
ûжĹ򣬸ɴİаڵŽа׺ĩ
ţչĴȥ״Щ˵״ǺܺáرȣһȥԸааȻǱúܳˡ
˱סĿ꣬ǵսȦмȥ
аа˽죬аȻȵĹƻ֮аûκе˵ܲκεӰ졣
ݣݣ
ֶչҵĹ֧˲ãϱ˺ۡȸͲȥӲƴȥа˵Ļȿˡ
ǣȵľҲ⣬վȫɥʧȨ
а˫һ裬γɶչл֮ƣһϬĽȵϮ˹ȥ
ȾŲѣеĳӭϾ˫ȭѵ֣ȫסеĹһȵϻ˺ü˿ڣһĴʹʹˡ
ааһóѣֽеͬӰһǿľһֱͬȡ
ɫ䣬ܴ֮޷ֵסа˵ֹ
֮£Ȼֳ̧еĳ׼ȥӭ
ಣಣ
аֱ˹Ľȴżѹ
ۼţ˾Ҫնȡ
Ȼ֮䣬һӰƾֳĵȵǰ
а˾㵲ѣδȫӦоһ͵ȭϮ
䣡
һ죬һӴĹⲨааΪ̫ڲִ٣΢Щ·磬˾ȭ˻ȥ֮ɫ


1362 龪
һ㶣ʼΪƷ磬Ƿˣɫ΢¶ʧ
ȻͦмģǷ˼ʱϹĻ¸ղžˡ
лл㣬ˡ
Ʒ˵ˣһҪ㡣΢΢ͷ
𣿡ɫ˺Ρ
ȻƷرҪˣǶǳҪˡ΢΢ͷЦһЦǵȵɫӺˡ
ţ˱ͷаˣȰסһһһĻԶԸ
û⣡סа顣
аɫأҲԵúܾȣܹϹĻζааѾ⵽˲⡣
ɱаһ𳤽ȥ
ɫһ䣬νһٶȾһ㣬һ˲Ƶаǰֱӱһȭֱ˹ȥ
а֣û뵽˵ٶȾ˵ãԼǲֹ˼ΣŵĻλħߣа͸Сˡ
£аųӭŷ˵һȭն˹ȥ
аһǿӲȭͷѪɫĹâĻ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬һȭаһУһɾ޴Ȼ䱬ɢһƬѤĹ⻪
аֲѣһնһְһ㣬һɿֲĳаоֱд˾ҵʹӱ˳ȥ
аа龪û뵽˵ʵȻǿ
аɱȥ
䣬Ƚаǰ𳤽а˵˼ĶңղǷҵģڸûˣ
а鱬һһ˺ն˹ȥ
ȻȻ壬һӭȥ

˫һһƬĽ⣬аһ𣬸Է˻ȥȻȱ˵ľҪԶЩ
ɫأˣʵҲ˲ãסаĻû⡣
˵ȵİΣǿ˹ƣа಻ϵĻǧȭӰϮа
а亹Щ֪ĵֵţϾ˵Ĺʵ̫ǿˣչ˸Ƶˡ
ޱ飬һȭһȭأһȭһȭĺݣڳȥа֮ʱ˲ٵȻаͰ˷˵С
ȻˣаҲǷ˵Ķ֡
аĲţаֻܽҪгȥȡȵʵҲֻҪҲҪΪܹסаѡ
а޷ȥа˵ԴչֽţȭͷϮа
аֵýп಻ѣħսȷʵǿԵԼеƵаæңΪڷ˿񱩵Ĺа޷Եȥֵ
飡
һȭа¸ʹа۷ס
͵ģһȭֱӴаϡаʹһڽѪϵļŶ˳
쵰аŭһ
˲ȥаĽһȭݺݵغаϡ
䣡䣡
аϽ⵽شڵζҪѿһ㣬ڶѰ
Ҫɱ㣡аץŭһչһ㵵ķ֣˾ȻʧԼǰ
Ŀ궼ѾʧȥˣҪɱңаĴаԸӦõ˵ʵʷ
аͷð亹Ĺ˲־ʧȥĿĻǼΣյġ
ҹа
Ը˾ȻаǰһסаĲݵһаǺ죬°ĭȫҵĳ鴤ʹܡ
а־ǣаȫһ᲻
ڳһ֣Ƿļצ㣬ֱаؿڴ˸Ѫаǳ־ӾĿԼؿڵ񱻷˸ȡ˳
䣡
аӱը˿ΪһƬѪꡣ
аа龪һУݺݵһȸ𿪣ŭĳŷ˵ɱȥ
аֱӱһȭһ䡣
飡
ǿȭӲǽаĽŲֹ
ಣ
ȸ˹뷲ǰΧסа顣
ԸаĻڷ˻ǿԶԸģ˵СȣȥȥˣһԶԸ
ȳͷ̶ܹƬ̵ʱλǿߣȶڷ˵ʵҲǳġ
漴ȱתǱ߳ȥϾ֮⣬׵ľҲǺܺá
ȥ֮󣬷˱а鼤ҵ˺һ
ʱаа˺ţһ߿ѪħаһӰ죬һ߻еĳϮš
ǣױϾһ˶ѣааƵʵĥôãҲǸۣҲֻܾȫȥסǣǻܣҲôװ
аɫаأӰһϮѪɫϵ׵ƽ
Ȼ侲ϲϵѪаǣаǵıƽ׵Ѿ˲٣ȥֿĻĵأԺѾ˹ƣֻҪܹסаǾ͹ˡ
а᲻֪׵˼еĹǿӻһĽâϮ˺ס
ݣݣ
âʵ̫ˣʩѪħȻס˴󲿷ֵĽнʮƽԼ
æ㣬һֻǳȥֵ
飡飡
˼Ӱϵġ
ааһ㣬Ѫħ˹ƣٳȥ
䣬ͻȻײͬվһ𣬵壡һԸһ
Сȣ㡭Եúܾȡ
ǺǣİɣǱѾûˡЦ𳤽ڳеаǡ
ȻаڼȳֵʱǾѣҲʶʲôŭѣ˫۷⣬ɱڵĳ
ȱ˴΢΢ͷеһ˸סһĿ꣬Ȼӭȥںȼаһʱ
Ȼ
һǿаϢϢϢͻȻʮ㣬侪˵ٶȳԽ˫֮䡣
аҲоˣƺǾϢϤϷ˵Цݡ
ɫһ䣬ΪǹϢ̫ϤˣͬаϵϢһа񣬶Һǳġ
ڣϢʽ֮ʱ˫֮䡣
һ̣˶ͬʱǸס
飡Ȼǹ飡³֣
һ˲䣬ȵɫг˾£ааǳЦݡ
ᣬκεĸ飬ֳ񽣣һɹµϢ
ݣ
һ֮Ѫڿա
Ȼ˫ۿԼ֮ɫĶŹ顣
ֻǣ˫ۿ֮Уעһ˫ۿг˾ŭֵĲ⡣
ʱаƵؿ֮Ȼ䱻ƿһѪ

аƷӦҽһص׹ȥ
ָ񽣣ɫԾŭаǰ
û뵽龹ȻаƸɱˣ


1363 
״ޱȣ龹Ȼɱаơ
ǧʵҪʮаġǱ߽׵¹ͻȻ͵ϮûзӦаƣֱ׾١
׺ҲˣһĻҲʵ̫ˡ
öаӦ֮󣬱ŹŭĽ飡Ƿ𣡡
ǵģȷʵǷˣ˿ɲֹҡĻص
ţһҽ
ѭȥڷаǱߴ
ԼҲԵ÷ǳɻȫɵѭŷǰȥаؿҲһؿڡ
飡
аӱըΪһƬѪ꣬Ѫ֮£ֳǧĮӰ
ǧаһˡ
ˣ֮ˣһƬ𾪣һϳ˲ŵӡ
ǣΪʲôΪʲôҪаŭһĻʵ̫Խˡ
黺ת԰׵ɫк޸ɫʣһ˫ɭӽŷŭеа˵һִͬʱǾѾˣ֮򵥵˵ǷƷһ飬ǵû
죡ͽħǾԲĹǵģаŭеɱ˹顣
˽ľ룬аһܿӵ˹ǰ
ݣ
һȥаնȥľȻһӰѣϾʵ̫ˡ
а˼ˣ㲻ҵĶ֡а𣬽űһĽϮ
аù죬аӦĻᶼûС
ͣ
ɭĳаؿڴð˳Ѫǽ֮ӿ˳
㡭һڵġаʹʵ˵Ȼ
ݣ
ݵýеĳһ飬аҽһ׹¡
Ǿֲѣ˼ˮһδӡǵĶûйǧҪȻͿѾˣǧʵ̫ǿ̫ˡ
ʣµľͽԼˡ鵭һűǧһͬСǱ߼ȥ
ȥ֮󣬺ǲŷӦ
ɱ״һȼ˱뽭ֵս֮Уźȵļ룬ԸааѾˡ
һǱߡ
ʱааսţ֮䣬ѷʤ
֮ͬУۺʵǷǳǿģϾû񷲿ӵſħսǿıҲɵĽа˸նɱ
ȻааսҪĻҲǷǳѵġ
뽣죬һ㣬ǿԳѾãаǲûм񵽱ˣ˵˺ü˿ڣԵüǱǺˣڽаǵĻҲֻʱԵѡ
磡ͻȻ˹
ǷˣϲѣֳΣŷ˱ЦСãȻԸһﻹ÷Щ鷳أ
ǵսپҵǻᱻˣ˳ص˵˫ȭааս
а˱ԸͷǳˣټϷ̬Ŀħս壬Ǿ͸ûлˡ
ƴˣаŭһȼھѪʵǡ
аսҲǲһеȼڵľѪ˫Ŀ죬аһͬŷǵŭɱ˹ȥ
һǲм뷲ֵĻаȼѪǻ㹻ȥԸġ
أأ
˫֮䣬չ˼ҵĽ档
ʱС
ʱǣѾ˵ˣǲ˵һƬ
ԭΰĳǽѾȫݻˣһʯմȾѪɢĴĴѾûκһĽˡ֮䣬ɶǴﵽǧ򼶾ŵսޱȡ
һȥ֫壬Ѫɺӣжף˼Ҳ̶á
ǣ֮ɱ¾Ȼڼš
ǵ˾ȻռһƣЩ˾аһ㣬ޱȣһȺķӣչҵĹ
ǵ˾ɾҲ˾ˡ⽣ӰȺԭʼıստ洦овʱоͿɸобĺһ޾޴ҵıը𶯶Ĥҵز
ҵĽɱ¾֮ӣƺеѾģˡһ˫۷Ѫ⣬ѪҲ֪ԼǱ˵ģĻеս˴˼ɱȥ
Ѫ뵶ӳţսϿյشţǵսʿǶѾٺ˫ۣźš
ƺΪսƺҲֻΪ˱ǵ֮ءӭһȺȺɷĵˣȻһǰ
ɱ
ɱѾ죬̼ڵ֮³ΪһƬˣһƬһƬĿģ˲ǰһĻȻʵġ
սпս
ˣҪ⵽εļ̤ţֻҪսδȻǻ֮䡣
ڣ֮䣬ıǺħ˧ǿҪ˾Ҫһûǿ£˾˵һѹ

һƬһƬĲҽڶħߣħ˧ǿߣɱˡ䶼ϣȻʧҪ˾ࡣ
Ŷ̶һӲʱ䣬˾㽫ʧһıսʣ߰ٶ򡣷֮ǰǵˣڻ߱ս˻н˰
ԣսϣѾ˾
ɱ
һƬƬĽк֮ÿһλħ˧ǿߣħչΪɱ¾
Ȼ˾ˣʹ֪оѾԽǵսǻǼеĳɱȥ
ӴҵսһƬһƬ̳ҰģֻܿеӰˣµˣҲһƬһƬԶѻһСɽˡ
ѪζװսɫüĻ谵ؼѹֵܣоƬնҪһ㡣
¿֮һƬĩհļ󣬵ɱ¾š
ڴʱƷ绹ںռ֮Уһν׳̡
ȻƷѾоСԼĺжô⡣ȻƷ㵽ṥݹƷҲаͻƵԪ
ֻǣƷͲ֪ҪͻƵḶ́Ҫ׶Եĳ̡εĽ׳̣ҪҲģѾƷľǧŵѪ
ڣʹƷ֪ľ⣬Ʒ޷;ֹͣȻǰϣ⵽ɱӤǼصġ
ԣƷסҵ飬ס񣬵ڵϢʼ׼Եνչĳ̡


1364 ս
˿̣ʮа롣
ʣµˣʮа֮УҲͽʣаȡаսаǡа
ȻڷǼ֮аѾǳǵĶֻ֣ǽаǸƵȼѪŲҪЩ鷳
ϷЩǣԸЩҲȫռϷ磬һʧء
֮˴ʧҪҪǧ飬˻ںһĻǺǶûôȥԸˡ
˿̣ǧѾСսȦ֮С
ԼԵüΪķŭ
СҲԵ÷ǳĳԾû뵽Ȼܹõǧ
ǧ飡ΪҪǣʵŭѡ
峤ȻǶѾߵһѾûҪȥˡǧĻص峤ҲˣǲǺˣִʱѾǻ˺Ķˡ
ߣھ͸ԸƷЩһΪ˵һ㶼ûкôħ˾Իͷǵģߵ
ѡ·ʱǾͲΪԼⳡսܻ֮šǧȻ
峤ֻܶԲסˣǣΪǷ˱˸飬Ǳû黺ĺ񽣡
ҾɱͽһӶŭһǧ˺ն˹ȥ
ǧ죬ûӲһ㣬ӵߡ
ǧ˼Ϊ˽⣬סǧ͵ıƵǧǰһ϶һ޳Ļâ˺նȥ
ǧ֮֮ȥ
飡
һ죬˫ǧ˳ȥ
ֻǣеķħƺǧ֮ûзӡЧֻǽƾǧˡ
һ£ȵӰû˹ǹ顣
ݣ
ĳ۶һؿڡ
֪죬Զǿڹ飬
͵һת˳ֱһɨ˹ȥ
΢΢һԻˣϮ˹ȥ
飡һ
ƺܱħƣݺݵ˳ȥ
ǾˣһŹ׷еķħӿһɿֲϢǽѹסˡ
ɫȻ֪еķħȴǲ֪ħѱħӳһ
ߣǺһģкһ᲻˽׼ɣǿ֮ն˹顣
飡ǧһٵȥ
鱻ƣԷݺɫһƽڹ
Ȼʱ
䣡
һ죬޴׵âݺݵĶĺ󱳺˹ȥ
һ£ȻСвڣ֪׵ûзħĻȥ׿⡣
֮£ֻջ˶Թɱƣתеķħǰ
䣡
쾪𣬽â䣬׵޷ķħɵıֵסСĽ׺
˿ƣͦ񽣣Źµĺâ׺ݵٶȴ
ģһСǧϵĻе˼֣һΪٶȼޱȡ
ողŵֵסСĽ׺ִ֮£ȥһֻȥ
ݣ
һ죬һƬѪȻǶܹ˹һ֮ϣȻһ̵˿ڡ
һߣŭ졣
ţǧӵһСҲ˵ǰĶš
λ⣬ȻλܹʩԮ֣ôԹءСЦǧĻСҲٴôˡ
΢΢ͷɫӵĽ
ŪˣҲҪˣŭǧǺݺݵ˵ãܺãҾԻ߹صĴۣ
Ӳû㳶̸СٶȣЯһƬ׵֮⣬СֱӲǻһ֮⣬Ĵš
ǧ֪С˼˱һͬųɱ˹ȥΨС׵繥ܶ˺ǧССõʵӵĻᡣ
᲻֪ŭŷħͳȥ
ܱŵӰȻš
ǧͬеĹ켣˴˼ȥ
ʱ˫֮伴һʱ򣬹ͻȻ˿ȥǧȫе֮һɭµ֮Ҳֻܷ֮ܲħӰ죬ֻϻԶԶȲϷħ
Ҳ˲ˣŭʢӭǧһ˾ȫȥ
ǧ֪ڷħҲû㣬Ӳ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ɢһɿֲƲĹ⻡ͬܵϮ˿ȥѤĹ⻪סеҰ
ͣ
ǧѪе֮ǿҵֶǧ⵽ش˳ǿ˵˳ȥȻص¿մ׹䡣
ݣ
ûɱ˹ǧȥֵһʱ򣬹ѾƽǰĻӶе񽣣һϱ˹ȥ
Ӧ죬ڹһϮ֮ʱβһֻӳһݺݵĶǵ̸Ƕؽն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬޷סħ̼㱻ϵķħݻˣΪĹ㣬һ޴Ϯڡ

ʹһѪܵ˺ҪǧأҲǱһȥ
Ȼǧ֮ʱСѾõĽ֮ǿƾ֮䣬ֳһ׵âĳıϮȥ
亹һȻ׼û뵽СһǿҲû㹻ǧ֮ȥֵСһ
䣡
һ죬ֲǾʯݺݵײ
֮£ֻýڵ׼ֱȥֿĺˡ
䣡
챩ǿԵ֧Ƭ̣㱻壬ƺоڵζҪ˺ѿһ㡣
䣡
һ죬ٶȳȥ磬ӿпѪɫԵüΪʹı˳ȥ
ţС֣絶˸źס͵һ𣬻һ֮⣬˲ưֵǰ˫ȭǿҵ׵⣬ֳȥ
Ϊһ
ȻС˫ȭ֮ʱ
Ȼ䣬ϾǷһĺڹ⣬ڹ̺һɼµһƺԽ
䣡
Сǿ˫ȭصĺǹâ֮С
С㵵ǣ˫ȭ֮ǵâ⣬˫֮У͵ķƶһɿֲݺݵϮСڡ

Сʹһ𣬻֪׷ʲô£ͱԵ޹ʵĸ˳ȥ


1365 
СסΣܴˣ㵵ĶźâԾô£
ǧشΪۣŸСôһѵõĻᣬԭΪСԳ׵Ľû뵽ϾĪӿһɿֲ
ʱǺڹİ֮У˼ǣԭܵ˺ȻĻָˡ
ЦУתӣͬһǹĺڹ⣬ϵƲȫ޸ˣʵ
㡭СסˣڸоʱжĪһɾ޴ѹ
ǺǣϵȷʵǺ˵ЧġһЦ͵ıһպն˳ȥ
ݣ
һİɫâͬƿռһ㣬ݺݵϮС
СӦ֮ӿ˫ֱһɾ޴Ľ֮
䣡
һ춯ذıը֮죬âֱӴݻСĽֲ֮ľݺݵĳСϡ
СٶȴѪǾǿԵƷ˳ȥ
ɣһ⣬ٶȾǼޱȣ֮ǰ˵ڵȫˡ
һ£ƵСǰ֮ɫһŭٶնС
Сͫױһֲеĵӭһ
䣡
һ죬Сǵֵסһֱݺݵغ˳ȥ
Եúܾȣû뵽СǿԼȻδ
ڵСѾûжķˣܴǿסΣѪȫ˫۾ֵĶôҲ벻Ϊμʵ֮ǿ
ҲǳŲס˰ɣС˵зѪĺݹ⣬ĳħٶһɿֲ
ȿȡСѪҺһСѾȥˡ
ಣಣ
һӰȻСǰ
ǣôСȻϲѡ
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Сֵܣˣͽǰɡ˵˫۽е亹оѹҲǺܴ
һﲻöԸص˵
ҲɫأɢϢԾѾѹǣȻСҲ׵ıܡ
ǳ֣ԵüΪľ㵣ѭȥŭѣЩ˻ڿ෴֮⣬ǺʮаѾˡ
ߣãҾһǸˣһ֮ӿڷħУаĹ⻪Ŀҫ
䣡
һ죬ƺΪ֮һ̵ĸоеķħжôĿֲ͵ľһıͬһ㣬Ϯ˺ǡ
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û뵽ǣƾɢƾ˺ˣҲǵЩܣѹʯһ㣬
桭ǿ˺ȻԼĿħս嶼Щܲˣ˵ˡ
ҲǺ죬ѾʹеȥֿεľƵǲˡ
СشҲûѡȴ֮ȫڷŭмǲŵһ׼һͬȥӭĹ
䣡
ͬһ㣬֮䣬ɫӿ𣬿ֲľĴŰСȫסˣ޷ѡ
ʱԶ֮Ӱ
һλǳ࿡ݵ꣬һλǰ׷ԲԵĺߣߵμɢһϵϣһ˫ӣǵķ
ףʵôͻȻ֮ǿ־㵵ʵ
Ǻڰ塣صóԵúܷŭ
ʲôǺڰ壿
ڰ壬ڼĴ˺ħڵĺڰɺڰǿʵʮüΪڰͬʱɵħʲôֶζʹó߳
ߣħҲʵ̫ˣߵŭѣֵףѵ׼𣿡
ǺǣԸЩСһûҪ߲мһЦﵽħǿߣһǲмȥԸħ֮ߵġ
ǺħѾΥ˹Ǹ㲻ֵĻҵǻһԵúܽǰӡ
ǺǣѵûִӿʼһֱƷһֱûг𣿡ȤζЦЦ
ߣҿ˺ħɣԶȥԸħߵɫ¶˼ֶʼ֮ɫ
ھδܸоƷںδƷϻҲ֪ܡ߻ص
оԵ÷ǳԾ
ߵ˵ͷЦ⣬˵СӵȻҲǺϲҿԸо壬ǾԲͬǲܵġ

ʱԱϡ
֮Уһɿֲĺڰ֮˵һɿµĺڰ
䣡䣡
ǿϢذѹ£ƬزǲĹ˿һ̵ѷ졣
ֲĺڰ֮£Сƴȫ֮ȥֵȴҲǵֵܲѡڼеϷҲסˣ׷֣ͣ׼ӭ
һǷǳֲģľ˺ˣһԲʮܵĲҲǷǳġ
ɣĺٷħᣬɭѪӣɨźǡ
ţһһɻͬѵһ㣬ĺն
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Сǿһ֮ͨӭ
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һ죬غֲĺڰ֮Ϯ£Сƴӭκһ֮ǿСֶס
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һ죬ؼ䱬һӴĺڰⲨ˵ľ˺ɨ˷ƺԽȻĿֲŰ

һʹ֮֮£СǿпѪ弸Ҫ˺ѿһ㣬ֲĺڰ֮Ϯ֮¡ʯһ㣬Ȼص׹
䣡
ֲĳ֮ԲʮȻܵ˲
ϷɫʹԶǱǹɿӿľ׷׵Ʒ˳ȥ
УǳʯɽһƬƬҽ֮ӰǾ֮УĴ漫ңǲޱȡ
СڵأһϢһʵ̫̬ˣȫǳԽķ룬Сǽشڴ֮£СѾʧȥκεķ֮׸
֮УָŷħЦ


1366 һ
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ʹ˵ǻʤˣûǿѹĻҲǺôģο˾ͲǺĶ֣ʵѾǳˡ
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콣âļ䣬һƬƬѪ罦űһĲҽ֮ȺӰȻ
ǿޱȣֱ룬ȥ֮ʬݺᣬ̤ʬ壬չŷɱ¾
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չȥȴǵ߲Ҳ̶õʬ壬һȺȺɫг־ݡ
Ҳ˶ͬʣǰһеô£
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һװֱ֮˵ͷ˸
ţһɿֲϢıѹ£ϵϢ֮£˳ĸо˶ڲɫڿ־г鶯Ұɫ
֮УĽһӰ
ôһ˴ԭľ˼֮ɫ
Ʒˣ˼ĽкһȻ׷ޱȳ羴Ĺ
Ʒˣ
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ǣԼ̳֮УֳʮӰҰʱ򣬺˾ɫҰ׶ĿǰȻʮλƷ硣
𣡡
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ףǿӲĿռ䶼ƺŤѹ£֮أų񱩵ľ˷Űţǽһ㣬Խһ֮
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ϷǰûڲѣΪȥƷĻҲ䵽˾档
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ͬħһ㣬ڿգЦѣܶ±ݻٵһУƺΪԼĽеΪ⡣
ģеһжƽϢ
ǣ֮䣬ನȴȻĻ֮꣬Уȴֱһ޴ĿӶеһУȴƺѾȫʧˡ
ݣԼ˶ûŹ
ÿ£ħǿߵɣԶ֮꺧ȻʧɫĿղһͲǿӵе
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ûЦãͻȻ׽ӲסˣǼΪԽܵһĻҲĶ
⡭ⲻܡץŰĽе


1367 ħ
ΪǼСǾȻû
ʱһ͸ɫĹƯζ𣬶СǱǹʵʵİţˡ
ȻСҲסˣ˳һ㣬ΪԼˣϾղŵһֲ̫ˣǲܻŵġ
ϷҲǾ㵲ѣΪǰһǼٵء
Щ˵ĻȻǻһС
ô£ǣ֮ɫ˼ǣԸоڵڿٵĻָš
СɫҲֻС⵽ôˡ
ɫԼղһдҲֻгԽˡ뵽ıǷħƬҲֻзħſ
ţɫһŭʣֺݺݵħٶȳһɿֲħ˭Ҳֹң
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һ죬һ޴ĺڰֱ£ֱӽƺΪȥ
ϧľǣɿֲѾڣźħӻ޷ȥȻ

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أ
һ죬ںħбը˿ΪһƬĩ
ħѣŭ֣ȻԼ޷סĿôһɹˡ
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ʱĺħԵ÷ǳķŭ˫ͨ죬Ѫ˿ӰһĺڰâһɼаϢ֮䡣
ڴ֮£еһжȻʧɫеһжԵôʹڹбӻеСǣҲںħɢѹÿҪ͸
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ȻħҲΪһеΪǳصķħ֣֮㱩ŭᰣⱰɣҹ
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󡭡Ȳ
ûλħǿߣǺ֪᰸ᰡû뵽ǣ᰸ȻǷħ
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ڴ£˶оˣǿߣħǿߵʱҲ緲˰СھųܶЩŲס
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ߣҲû뵽ƾȻָˡħߵƺŷħʱ򣬺ħҲоѹ
֮ͬУħͻħн׾粻ãħ֮ǰѾﵽħн׵ʵԺħŻоѹ
Ǻǣǧ֮ǰҵƱѾָˡħһЦɫһֵıҲõΪֹˡ
ıҲ˵ıֻ֪ҵ˶ѾΪƬܸ֮öиɣħ
˵ĻֻΪȡħĻص
ߣȡħһŷħ̵һΪħ˵õأԭҲǸС˶ѣȻΥʧϵĶ֣ȥĻħҪΪħеЦˣ
Ǻǣ˿ɲɱġħȤζЦЦ
ħ⻰ɰ˸סղ˵ںħıӻвѵⲻǳڷħֱ
ħһ£תɫһЦǺǣᰣ벻ῪЦڴ֮ڣ֮ˣҲֻˡԼʲô޳ܵ£Ȼǲҳˣ
ˡħҡҡͷű㳯һմСӣҪϷ㱻ڹ𣿡
Сӣ
һ㶣ħҲɫһ
ǰһʵ֮УƾֳһϤӰֻͬǣӰ֮ʱϵϢҪ࣬ܡ
ӰֵʱСԵüΪļϲ
ûƷ硣
ֻǣ𾪵ǣղŵЩֱǳƷֵ֮Ļ
ôƷʵħ
ȻħΪ𾪡
Ȼ֪˭ǴﵽħʵΪúħǣԺħħн׵ʵȻ͸ǰλ˵ʵǳ
ȻħҲû뵽ҲǷǳ֮𺧡
ϷĿ࣬ǿ֮ڣҲŽ£ƷôͻƵħ֮
Ƚٶȣݹħʷ֮УܼƷ硣


1368 սħ
ħܾ㵣Ʒʵ˭ΪҪ£
ǺǣҾҪҵˡƷȤζЦЦ
㡭ħüͷ
Ʒ硣Ʒ
㡭Ʒ磿⡭ôܣħȻʧɫʲôʱƷ羹ȻͻƵħ֮
ħЦ⣬źħЦǺǣܸòٻ˰ɣ¿ɶ޹ء
ħ亹ħ͹ѶԸˣοڻоѾͻƵħƷ磬ǾǺʤˡ
ǰղ֮£¡Ʒ糯ŷħֵǷħݣƷƺѾϵһ㣬Բر⡣
ǺǣСӿϷԾģȻͻˡħ͵ɫ¶һ˿̶֮⡣
ûϴǰȵĻƷҲнˣǰܹһ񡣡Ʒ˵꣬㹧мĶŷħʩһ
ħͷƷԽӵͣƳۺħвĿ˵Ϊħ濼ǣҲɱ㣬̹Ժ̤˵أݹҲ
ߣᰣҲ̫ԼˣΪڶƷСͿ˿ҾȻбĿģǾԲ뿪ģħߵŭɫ
ǿɾͱˣħɫһǿֱӱ˺ħͬˣռ䶼Ť񱩵ѹӿ˺ħ
ħ޾ɫͬչǿܣӭ֮ȥ
䣡
Ӵܣ˴ֲŰȥؼ֮ܳռ伫ŤҪѿˡ
Ʒ¶־ɫܶǿƷоħʵǿֻǺħѹʵ
ԼħܵѹҲǺܴŷħѹܣúħ亹ȫӭ
û뵽֮󣬷ħƲǻָˣһࡣ
ᰣ̫ħŭѡ
ħûлشħ֮ԣصܺѹħ˫֮Уӹһɱ⡣
䣡
һ죬Ϊ֮һֲ֮ܳУ񱩵ѹ¿մҰ֮ɫ˾бܵƻʵߣǱܳѹֱӱ
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һʯɽȻڿ񱩵з׷׷飬̳ͬĩհĹ⾰ħĳʵֲ̫ˡ
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ħ΢΢üͷٶջ˶Ժħܳѹ
ħ˿ȴŭߣħ˼ҸѹȾء
ᰣҪһս£ħŭ
㲻䣡ħĻص
ħŭƷȴźħȷʵ㲻䣡
Ʒ磡С˵ķΪͻƵħ֮Ϳ㻹ԶԶûﵽΣħŭû뵽ƷһͻƲõħǿҲԼеŭѾﵽ˼㡣
ûεԹ֪㲻ǺҪɱھͿᡣƷɫֳ𽣣ֱźħ˵ɣһս£

ħһΪˡ
ħҲǳԾ˫Ʒ磬оԽԽ͸Ʒ硣ħɲΪƷǺħĶ̶֣ͻƵħ׾ѾףҪƷܹܺħĻħ绹þˡ
СǵôΪΪǶ֪ƷԲûаյ飬ȻȥսħһǳΣյľٶ
Сӣ˰ɣƾ㣿ħƷ˵
ûƾңƷһɫĻص
ЦȻǱԸħЦһֲƳ۷ħ˵ҵǵ˻֮ս
ħһƷȥСһʵɲܶԸģҪǳʲôµĻϷɻ㣡
ǰصģзִ磬ħڶ˵ǸѵõĶ֣ȥһԣƷ紫صһսⰻȻӡ
ðɣСһִģϷҲ㣬ɵСĵ㣬һﲻöԸħ̾һٴƷ硣
Ʒ΢΢ͷźħ˵ɷģ˻谭ǡ
ˬ죡ǾͱڣħЦﷺݵâ⣬֮ǰڷħеŭڿƷϺú÷йһˡ
ڣƷޱĻصȴֲںħʵǿǱԼҪһεľ硣Ʒ練Եú˷ܣԼͻƳɹƷĺȥúʵһ
ǰҵǾͰˡƷ˵
ħ˵ͷһӣͽȻչһӴĺڰ̼ڷԲֳ֮һ֡
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ƷħһͬʼĶ֮նλħǿš
ħзѪĹâƷ磬֣壡Ҫ㸶ۣ
Ȼ֮䣬ħ͵ıһɿֲܣռںħϱһǿʢĺڹ⣬̸סƬգֲϢӿϮŵĽƷİΧסˡ
Ʒ簵ΪľܿһǿĺڰƷľȷʵЩܣڵԪĴ
䣡䣡
һÿռŤĿֲĳƷȻϢԲȻԸܵзħıӻⷽԲһжҪˡ
Ͼħǿߵʵֲ̫ˡ
ƷǿĺڰΧ֮УȻĴӿֳһµ磬εĽĺڰпϮȥ
ħɫǲмڱΪǿĺڰһӱ㽫ƷνȻƽ⡣
ţħһƸճƷȥۿɼһӴĺڰţĺХһ㣬Ʒ硣
ƷɫأҲ˿壬һħ弶״̬
䣡
һ죬Ʒһ£Ȼ䱩һǿ͵ǿм佫ħһӿӴڰŸݺݵĳɢ˿
ħ
ħɫľû뵽Ʒ羹ȻӵǿĿħս塣
ǺǣȻˣⳡսһǳȤɡħԵ÷ǳ˷ܵƷħ֮Ҳ÷ħһ


1369 ħ
䣡
޴ı죬ռħƷ磬֮ıǣһֲɢֱӽħϵĺڰԴݾ
ħս壡ⲻܣħʧɫħսƺűµη塣
ҲƷͻԪ֮һԿħ̬Ӧսû뵽Ԫ֮ħЧ˱̬ѾٽԪڣħλͻƲõħн׾ҲúԶ
оǣڴﵽԪ֮ƷеƷҲǿԱħн׼ħ
˿̣Ʒĺ𽣣۶źħ
¿֮ڣһƬ𾪡رϷЩˣû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼӵ˱̬ĿħҲǴΪԾΪֻз˲ӵпħء
ߣǿˣħŶƷʵƷħս֮ʱħû֮ǰǰĳˡ
бҪش𣿡Ʒһݺݵ𽣣ǿԪԪУźħն˹ȥ
ݣ
һ˺ѿռâһ㣬ǰٶֱ˺ħ
ħСӣ˫Ʊһǿĺڰӭ׾Ľâ
䣡
֮죬ռͲмҪһƬҵĹ⻪޴Ľâ˺ħеĺڰУǿĳǽǹɺڰݺݵĴݻ٣񱩵аŰš
ħһ£ڵƷһʱڵĻҲ⵽һĪǿĻɫȥ
Ʒ⣬һ̤ȥ˲˺ħǰһǵ֮ƣص˺ն
ݵÿħһһһӴĺڰӿ˲㽫Ʒסˣһ򣡡֮裡
ƷɫһһȻնգŶıĴŵӿһɿֲϢ֮ǰƷڷħнӴħΪƣȻȫĸˡ
СһﾹȻûħ򣡡ħ㵲ѣ˵ƷӵħĻʶƺħ֮⣬ϧƷھȻ˺ħ֮С
ħҲֻħǿϲſӵеĿ֮УߵʵӰ졣ħ֮裬ӵ޾Ŀ򣬶е֮֮УħǲĹġ
ʱ֮УӿֳһӴѪɫţμѪɫɢһ˵ϢļƷ类Ѫɫ֮ڡ
ħ֮еƷ磬ʱڵֻҪƷΣĻħҲǻ᲻ȥԮƷ硣
𣡺𣡡
һ׶ĺ֮һƬѪɫ׻֮УӿֳһȺȺް̬ƷΪЩ׻ɵĶޱ׺Ʒȥ
ƷɫأȴԾɫһԷ
һ£Ʒ˲صķƷﵽԪԷԲںħ
¡¡
һȺȺ޳ײƷľԷ޷ݻƷķߣ׷ױ˿ΪĹ㣬ޱߵ׻֮С
ǿķһͳ𣬺ħƷ֮ԶɫƷлҪǿ
Ʒڽ֮УһħֱӳȥĽƵ˺ħһǧƣ
ǧƣƷȾʹǧƣεĿֲ
䣡
һ죬ҵţѿһռǺۣƷֱ𽣣һɻĿֲն˺ħ
ħĿ࣬һѾԼʵ벻ףƷħ׼ľȱ̬
Ȼħ˿Ҵ⣬˫֮У̵ֳľ޴Ѫ֡
֣ǺħΪħħнƷںɷĻҲӵżµɷ̬ǣǳɶԴڵģھͬȵħ
£ħӵУǿҵĺڹ⣬ħ˫ֳ֣ӭƷһֵ˹ȥ
䣡
һ֮죬Ʒǿһ˺ħ˫֮УֲĽĳţ磬һȦȦӴĹƣֵм˿
ƷԵúܳԾǧƵȻ޷ƺħ֡
ȻħҲ𾪲ѣеֵֵƷһУҲڰ𶯣һɼֲĽϮħҲǷ˺Щŵס
ȻɱҵĻǿɾͲԶˣħһ˫͵𵴳һɿ񱩵ĺڰƷ𽣡
Ʒ级Ȼʧɫодһǿĳ֮ͬ˰ĳӿƷоڵĺƱʲôѹסһ㣬ʹЩܡ
䣡һ
ȻƷ类˳ȥһӴĺڰĵϮ˿Ʒ֮Уˡ
ħɫһƷ磬Ͼʹ˷Ź˫е͵˳ȥ
ಣಣ
˸ǿҺâ֣ٵתţɲǼѪⱬѪЯһ޾ɷ֮һռѺۣͬ˸ɷȻƵŹĻȣߣݺݵƷȥ
Ʒ磡
׵ڽɫһ䣬̺ѾƷ磬סƷ·ħҲ˫һʱӦԵ׼
ƷɫһƣҲ壬סֱ֣ӳ˹ȥ
̫ˣ
ǳʶԹģȫǲͬĹ켣ƷֻܵסеһһֵĻƷǺȥӦԡ
ȻƷԷĻסһֵĹرѣƷû˼
֮УƷסеһ֣ıȥ
һ֣Ʒһ߱˹ȥȫĽƷлסˡ
͵ģƷһնסһ֣˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬͵һ𵴣Ʒһһ֣ƷҲ΢΢Щ롣
ݣ
һ֣ȴǳûƷݺݵϮ˹
ۼţһ־ҪƷ֮ʱ
һ̣˶㵵ĵɴ˫ۡ
ս壡ƷȻһּƷ֮ʱһĻˡ
ֻƷһǿҵĽ⣬⴦ƺֳһӰǵӰֱӳֿȭĽһ֡
أ
һ죬ƺ⵽һǿ谭ȻǽֹͣתȻһǿ˻ȥ
ħӶ챬˳һ䲻Űӡ
֣⡣
ħ֮ɫղŻ׼ˣǰһĻȴ÷ħȻ


1370 ǿķս
ս壬ƷԪֻĵط
ս壬ȫԪɣҲԪҽս廹ӵųԽսһ߱߰ǿսԽսͬƷͬǿߡ
ԪκӦĽԽΪ档
ʲôħȻҲǾ㵲ѡ
պգƷ֮İһƷƵӰͨʻƽ֮ɫֻûʵʵò˸ŽâɢǿϢ

֮ħвӵǾԶԶ޷ԽġƷķʵ£Ȼһӵǿս
ƷһЦֳһ
䣬ƷУȻֳһӰսȫƣͬзŵİɫ׻
ȫɻԪɣ߱ǿ깥ȫӶֵʵԹ
һ֣ħɫ鶯һĻʵ̫ˣܡ
üһħһƷǾ岻ѣħ֮УҲҲƷӵˡ
Ʒǿչ֣ħҲΪƷˡ
ʱػһ㣬ƷߡƷ绹ģȲѵ²ſʹãԲ޷ֻ
ңƷǶԸħĻŽսڵĻѾ㹻ˡ
㡭ħɫĽеȴŭѣǶƷ֮ǣƷ֮ǿǺħƷˡ
ಣಣ
Żص˺ħУŭƷ磬Ʒ磡ղһ
Ҳ˼Ʒ絭Ȼ𽣣һɹɿµĽϮ˿ܱ׻𣬽Աǽɢ
Ʒںħ֮УȻûܵκεӰ죬վƷߣħš
ƷȻ֮ܵĹرǿĵȴҪ࣬һԸоħʵһֱδĵתֲںħĵ֮С
ǾֻսپˣƷ簵еһ͵ַ˳ȥ
裬úħе𺧵ǣе𽣾Ȼ˼ķֻһ壬ʵԵĴڣǹֵϮ˺ħ
ħŭ˫еּٵתɾ޴ĺڰھۣγһµУͬɭɭ޿һ㣬ֲĺڰŵ˺ħǰ
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һϮ֮ʱ׷׻Ϊ˷ĩ
ħһֱӴг˳
͵һ£ħȴɫһ䣬ƷĻȻĵ˺ħǰ˫̧۳ǿĻԪ
ħŭѣе֣ǿĺڰƷĻŭĺ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ǿصĶƷĻ˹ȥ
ȻúħǣֵĹͶƷĻЧ
ݣ
ͬһ㣬ƷĻ˲仯һİ׹⣬źħֱ֣ӴӺħڴ͸˹ȥ
ħＷ˾֣ڵĻ⵽һǿҵԷӦⴴʹѣɫû㱡
ңںħı֮УӦǲġ
˻ħȻ亹о˹
ôһħʱоһǿ
ħתһǣƷĽս˫ȭǿҵĽ⣬˿ֲݺݵĳźħǰֱ˹ȥ
һ̣ħǷӦô죬ʱϸ޷׷ùƷĽս壬ֻܱµĽ֮⣬Ʒսе˫ȭ֮
䣡
ǿصĺ˺ħؿϣٶһƬһƬǿҵĹ⻪ںħϵһӵĹΡ
ƷսĹʵǿᣬұħʹʧȻǱ֮ȥֵǾƷһΣҲֱȥɵֿսǿ
أһ
ħǰһ𣬳ʹ󾪣Ȼ߶ˣؿڴڣǿԵںħŰţǿĳݺݵĽħ˳ȥ
͵ģƷĽս׷˹ȥ׺ޱȵ˺ħǰκε֮ɫ˫ȭǿĺźħ
ħܴ֮һʱչ˫ּ仹ǽֵ֣Ʒս͹ơ
䣡䣡
һľ죬ǧȭӰ˸սԵȵǿ˫ȭͣϣһȭһȭĺϮźħ
ħˣŭѣ͵סΣһ˫еͻȻӿһɿֲĺڰƷĽսս͵ķ
䣡
бǿĺڰսǿʵϻҪȺħһΣԽսûгܲסȭǺڰƣӭӿϮ
䣡
һ죬ƷĽս屻˳ȥսǿûܵκεˡ
ǣħŸոջƷĽս壬Ʒ籾ȴǾȻֵ˺ħͷϿ֮ľе𽣣ҫһǿʢĹâ̼סռ䣬ĽĴŰţѾ̸ס
䣬ħ̧ͷһȿֺĽѹ£ס˺ħڷΧħɫļƷѾõһݺݵն
ƣ
װıȣ֪֮ƷһжôĿֲ
ݣ
һѰ죬Ʒһ˺Ѷ֮ʱļһ̵ĿռѺ˳𽣵ĻӶ켣ǵռѺ۱ԽԽȻı˺ħ
ħƷһղŵһǿϰٱѾȫв˺ħ
ȣ
ħŭһҲƴڵкڰĳ֣ǿʢаĹ⻪ٵתţǿĺڰڷĻš
ҲǺħͻ֮ΪŭһսʵҪǿƷ磬ȻƵ˾أܲܰȻĵֵסƷһҲǸ⡣
ħҲ֪˻жôĿֲڵٶȼǿ˷ķҪĻ֮ڴڵ˿ɾ͵ñˡ
˿־岻ѣμħǿ֣߳ԻأСЩǿߣɿֲǰϡ


1371 Ժɱ
䣡
ػ谵ԽĻ֮Ҫ˺ƿƬռ䡣ʼγһţںħ֮ڣĲ֮ǿ
˿̣ħѾеĺڰֵҲǷӵޣƷޱȵһħ㾡ȫȥ࿹
䣡
صһѿնȻƻӶĺȴŤѿ˿ռ䣬ֲĽѾ̸ס˺ħ
Ȼ䣬춯ذĿ֮ӿϮĺ˺ħ
ħһ˫ĳ֣֮ǿϾħʵҲġ
ֱɾ֮ʱ
ɲǼ䣬֮䣬ȫǿҵĹ⻪ڸǡɵж֮˴˲ʾĳţ޾ĹⲨӿ˿ϢϮ˷Ĵ
ڴɾ֮£Ƭħͬ޴һ㣬ֲ֮ĲϮеһж֮顣
֮£֮ɫƷ磬𽣣ļ˺ħϵУһǿĽݺݵѹ˺ħ
ħ˫ַ𽣵ǿĳ֮£ħľԵܣƷһʵǿ̫ˡ
ƣ
֮ǰǧǿʮܲǿô
ʹ֮ʱƷҲ龡ڴԪĵԪʵ̫ˣҲǱȱʵǿ˰ٱ
¡¡
죬ҵĹ⻪ϵɢ񱩵Űгɨ£ħµķҲ
ڱӻ֮еˣҲĸоηϢ
ħ𽣵ѹ֮УеϵĹ⻪ʼİһɹǿԵĽĳ
ͣ
ħнס˿ѪӾѹ£ڵĺڰӿУƷ𽣿⡣
ȻƷܵ˳ҲǼ󣬱ϾħʵҪԼһΣҲֻƵѹסħˡ
͵ģƷһڵԪԪӵעС𽣵õƷе͵ǿ
䣡
ӴĹⲨϮռҲڲŤеľ޴صӿ˺ħϵ֮С
ħʹĴһŭѣҪ龡ڵкڰǿֵ
䣡
ɻ׵ıը˿ֱ֮УƲ㱻ɢħµĿռ̼߽һ㣬ΪƬֲⲨӿ˿
еˣ̿־ĿǿıһƬȻ֮ɫһԽһΪƽء
ģ⻪ɢȥҰ𽥵ıڣеȻڱȻǻؾϡ
ϡɼϿ֮ħš
ֻǣĺħԵ˵Ǳͷɢ˫۲ѪɫǱ߲ѪҲ⵽˺ü̵˺ۡ
ŭ裡
ħ֮УδйħпԽսˣħƷŪ˵Ĳмռ䶼ˡ
򱻻٣ʱڱ޷ٹռ䣬ħ˿Ҳӵ޾ĺڰڵĺڰҲĹ룬شƷûĻǺħҲˡ
ȻƷô
ģƷϵӰ˳𽣣ȻԵޱȵİħ׼ľ罫ħƵ˾أ԰ħ硣
ħǺȻɫмѡ
ħŭƷ磬ɫ鶯ҪŤˣƷ˿̹ǰĺ⣬֣Ʒ磡ֻҪһڣ;Բʹ죡վҲһͬᣡ
µͿˣҾûȤˡƷޱ˵ħĽֹˣڵĺħѾвˣƷȤҲˡ
ಣಣ
ƷĽսںħߣס˺ħ
ħɫһ䣬ȻƷ绹µķڣûĶڵƷƵ֮Уħ˼ĺڰԺħʵҲǸħ׼ʵѡ
ɣȻֶζԸħŭ֮ǰĵѾȫûˣʹ˸ġ
ƷİһۺħҲȥħһͬɱ˺ħ
ħһе͵˳ȥǿĺڰƷĽƷϮ˹ȥ
ħɲɵӣƷ޴вֻҪܹƷ壬ƷĽҲ͵ʧЧˡ
ħɲΪڸղһĿ֮УƷ绹ܹǿ
ħҲʵ̫͹ƷʵҲ͹ƷáΪƷĽƷڽӤеغڣƷͬһģƷȫԵýе
֮ǰƷѾеһֵħһԲ⡣
͵ģƷеǿԪֻûڻԪ𣬵㹻ǿˡ
䣡
ռһ󱩶ƷĽ𽣣żѪ֣ĺն˹ȥ
أһ
Ʒ𽣺ݺݵѪ֮УƬ⻪ĵúħֵǣƷѾȫȥֵĹ
ಣಣ
ƷĻս͵ĳźħϮ˹һȫԪɵĽһȫɻԪ𹹳ɵĻΣϹ
䣡䣡
һľ죬ħ⵽Ʒķ񹥻壬ħ⵽ΪҵĹϮ
ħܴڵĺڰҲʼô͵ֵסƷĹ㱣

ħʹ˻ţǱˣȴ⵽һһǵǿҹвϵѪƷսǿ͹֮£ħҪըһ㣬ʹࡣ
ˣħŭһ˫һ죬ʧȥһ㣬֮ɫȻ׼ҪȼѪԵչˡ
ħǿߣһҪǱƵȼѪǷǳѵġ
ϾﵽħΪǳѣǶرϧԼ
ڣħûѡˡ
ϧħȼѪĻᶼûˡ
ݣ
һĺâĴϮ
ħͫױ־ļƷ籾Ѿ𽣣Ϯ
ͣ
ֱӴӺħؿйᴩúħܵǣ־֮УȻоԼڵȻƷһ㣬𽣹ӿƷڡ
Ʒ⣬ħ˽ӽĿƷɭףв㡭ħ


1372 ᰵʵ
˺ȻħȻƷһɱˡ
ŭʣ
ħֵĵɴ˫ۣ֮ȻԼôƷߵǣڵĺڰƺƷˣħֹںڰʧ
Ʒɫ絶һ㣬ͫ׽ų֮ɫĺħֱʹݺݵźħڵĺڰ
ħڵĺڰҪ龡֮ʱƷͻڳһֻ֣ŲҰ׵׹⣬ûȷʵǸħ
Ȼ֮䣬µĻԪӿںħڡ

ħʹĲҽһǻԪķ֮£̼㻯Ϊ˻ҽ
ţںϻƷڡֳ𸮣˲Уͬеʮ壬ҲŹʧ
֮ɫƽϢ˳جһ㡣
ħƷʧȻȫ׷ٲһһк͸ˣϷɲʰ̯ӡ
󣬷ħȥ˺ڰ㣬ʧ
̼ͬ䣬Զħͬеλ꣬𾪴û뵽Ʒ˶̵ʱͻƵħ֮ħƷ
λ꣬Ҳԭ᰸еλˡ
˴һսҰףħڴˡ
ȻҲ⵽˾޴ʧأؽõҲȫĴݻˡֵø˵ǣҲڷħˡ
֮Ʒ𣬺䶯ħ硣صǰݷƷħǿ߲٣ʧ飬Ʒȫʧħһ㣬˭Ҳ֪ȥҲֻС֪Ʒʲôطˡ
Ǳ٣ĴһƬǽ壬ֵҪһģؽˡ

ʱ佥Ĺȥת֮䣬һ֮á
һˣƷȻټ
һ֮УҲؽģǰԽԽɺعĻħƬ֮УʮǣΪס
֮⣬ھս֮뷲˵ʵǣͻƵ߽֮˵Ļ֮ͻҲǲԶˡ
ǧ飬ӱѺ֮ʱƷ磬С
Ʒأ
Ȼˡ
ԴƷ˺ħӴĺڰ֮ƷнųʱԵıչؾޡ
ϾӺħյĺڰ̫ǿˣƷҪʱȫա
ƷҲûɺڰͿԵõ˽ͻƣǽյĺڰֻڷա
һʱƷѾȫԪ֮ҲʵǣҪкĻٹʮ֮á
ƷѾˣڽĻԸħнǿ߲رѡħȴﵽʮΪħнǿߵĻƷ˵¾ЩѶˡ
֮Ʒ粢лǣȥ˴ǳصĵطħ֡
ħ֣ҲǵһƬڰɭ֡
ħ֣Ϊħʮ֮һƷȾ˵ħһƬνĽҲͲʲôˡ
ʱƷڶħеĺĴϿ֮С
չȥɭµĺڰɭֵвƬСҲƷĵط
ƬˮеʱʱƷľ粢ܲʲô⣬ڲͬˣƷԸоˮеǿؽ磬ͨڲͬеĿռ֮С
ǰƷǰݷáƷ糯еĺˮ
䣬Ƭˮʼһˮˮˮ֮£ȻֳһС
Ʒһ£Ǻȥ
һ̣ƷһصĿռ֮С
ռ֮ڣ޾ڰڰַŵӫ⣬һǿɭϢƷԸо⴦ռǱһޱǿĺڰ
˵һħռ䡣
ƷУ⴦ռˣƷɲʧˣϾҲǾȹԼĶˡ
ţںڰ֮УȻֳ˷ħӰ
ħƺԵúܾȣ˫Ʒʵô֪Ϸ
Ǻǣ˵ĵطֻˡƷЦ
죿˵ΪµСϷһЩϵŻ뵽İɡħΪ˵ʵڵһ᰸еʱʱ㻳ϷݣбϷСȵĹϵɣ
տʼʱȷʵǻɹǰݣȷħʱ֮᰸ȴٵǰȣұ㹻ȷǰˡСȵĻǰСչˣȻǰԵɡƷʵĻص
Ǻǣܻ飬ǡħЦЦͻȻɫһƷȻȫħķ֮УҲ಻Ϊ֪ܣϷҪ֪Ŀģ
ҵȷʵȫħķУҷħʱҲûԼħ硣ҵĿֻһǾȥ磡ƷһɫĻص
ȥ磿ħüͷһ塣
ΪҵһЩѶ磬ұ취硣ħеĻҽΪѣκεĿġƷص
ħƷãóƷ粢˵ѣȴɴȥĻ⼸ȫܵġħ磬ȫǲƽеλ棬ħڤҲûдﵽԿԽλܹԽǵ
ƷȻȴɫᶨ˵ˣҲԲ
ھȻħ磬͵ȥӦħеĹϷΪħɻҡħ֣ص˵ףħ廹ڤв֮£ϷϣٷˣǽڤħԿĻħǺġ
ȻѾħ磬ұħһӣԺ󶨵άħ档Ʒص
׿ԺȻзΪҲؽϷ򡣡ħɫ¶ֵͣϷϣܺúȥСȣڤ֮ģڤɷħˣɶǶڤ֮в֮ġ
СҵѣҾԲκܹ˺Ʒ
ǺǣӦúܺɣϷΪλ֪ôࣿϷСȵĹϵҲǷǳɣħЦЦ˵
ȷʵǺ֪Ʒ΢΢ͷСڤ֮ĵ飬Ϣûħй¶ȥ
ΪϷҲڤˣϷԭǹޣзᰣԹڤϷʵݡħĳ̾һ
ޣƷ𾪣Ȼ֮ǰйЩ²⣬û뵽ħȻڤˡ


1373 ̸
Ʒĺ⣬ħǹڤĻħҲص̫ˣȻ˷֡
ǺǣǰɡħһЦɫдżɬ
ǰÿ˵ĻҵǺ֪ǰ£ϾҶħе˽ʵ̫ˡƷ
ӦôӺ˲ٹڤϢɣ֪ȴֻƤëѡħ˵ʮ֮ǰڤħ壬ǹħеģҴħڤڤˣʵǵĹϵҲǴ˵ôʱϷһλߣڤ˵࣬ϷաڤɷԵʣϷ뿪ڤ壬ϷĻڤ˵ģʱڤħ干ϷħĵǱУгʱлڤ塣
˵ڤɷĻħɫƺ¶ĺ⡣
Ϊλֳ˽֣Ʒ
Ϸ֪֮ǰڤħλߣִͨλͨϧȴʧˡħȻ̾
λͨƷɻѡ
ʵȥ˲ֹ㣬Ӧ˵ħ˶Ҫȥ硣ħһֱΪ壬ħȴǴѹȡڷǸǱħаĻЩαСǱʥ˵ǷǳƽġħеλߣҪͨͨλͨԴ˶չħ˵
ʲôʲôħ
ʵƷﶼûʲô𣬵Ʒ˵ﹲ棬еƽȵġ
ǡʧ˰ɣƷ粻ʡ
ȷʵʧˡħ磬ⱾǱдԿħλͨǲ̫ܵġħҡͷ
ڤ֮ͨλͨкιϵƷʡ
λڴͨλͨʱ˭Ҳ֪ʲô¡ںڤħ֮ɷѲ˸ϵȻڤҲ⵽ɷĶ֣Ӷ䡣ħ޺޵˵
ǴħأӦûɣƷʵ
֮սڤ䣬֮СħҲһǿӡڴħ˭Ҳ֪ħ
϶ͳڴͨλͨʱɡƷ˵
еĴҲֻмħſ֪ˡħҡҡͷƷ˵ڤʱҪʤһлᳬԽħǿߣԶǰĴ𰸣Ҳֻſɽˡ
ǰЦˣƷ粢ûǰôڡƷЦЦʣǰȻ֮ǰѾħ壬Ϊ֪СȵݣйСڤ֮ĵ飿
ǺǣСȹ״֮ʱ⵽˷ɷħ׷ɱϷʱϵڤ壬ǣ㰵ʩԮȻǾ޷ӷɷħаȻѵġСȹ⵽˾޴ĴˣΣڵϦϷԹڤݳʩȣԺ׵ΣӺ׿е֪Сȹڤ֮ĵ顣СȹǱ߼˵ĵҲϷŵģϷҲ˶ħУΪǰбСȹϾɷħûдзڤ壬ֻҪɷħǱħеĻСȹȻżвħɬһЦóħڤǷǳҳϵġ
ǰģҾҲԲСܵɷħκһֵ˺Ʒ˵ǿѰɷħĻƷԻɷħƴ
ǺǣСȹߵˣϷҲࡣħЦһЦص˵ڤ֮ĿɲϵСȹ֮ǣϵħ塣ǱɷħóѵĻħˡ
ߣֻҪڣǵıͱóѣƷߵ
ڵþҵһħ
Ʒһ㶡
ǺǣħħЦ
ħ
ħħУħΪϡٵʮſܵһš֮ǰСȹõĴħݣȻʱѹסڵʴϾα겻αģСȹҲһֱħȥСȹʵĽǣħݵԽԽֻҵħټϱ֮֮ĻǲСȹڵʴСȹڵڤ֮ȫΪһ壬ɷħıԶóˡħһɫ˵
ʴô𣿡Ʒ羪ʡ
ûĻóԽħſɽ⡣ħص
ðɣͽҰɡƷ˵
֮ͻ֮ĻҪõﲻ˵رѣֻħȽѡħüͷ˵
ǰ˵һȥԡƷ缴
ħֻħݲſУħڵĵطǱȽΣյģħеĻкüдħݵĵطϷΪݵ벻㣬Ѱң֮ǰϷҪӦϣȥѰħħ˵
ʵǰ˵ΣգΪСҶȥѰħġƷ֮ɫ˵
ǺǣϷȻûп㡣ħοһЦ΢Ѱ˼˻˵Ϸ²⣬ħܴڵĵطǰħȡǰħĵȥĻǳʺϡ
һȥƷͷ
Сĵ㣬ħǼһﲻرƣʵϷ򲻻̫࣬ϷҲ𾪶ħӰ춼Ƿǳõġħѵ
һСĵġƷ˵
ôСȹħһĻգȻ͵õȵʮ֮ˡħ֣ص˵
һչ˺õСȵġƷͷ
ˣϷݣϷʱСȹ֪ϣܰʱħص
һԴ±ܵġƷ
УСȹ˲ٵʵħĵҲˣϷ⻹ʣǧħݣ͵㽻СȹˡħֵбԳһͨĿռָݹƷ硣
Ʒһֽӹǿſռָ
ǺǣҲˣȻȥɣԺʲô⾡Ϸ򡣡ħЦ
õģǰȸˡƷ繰ֵ
ȥɡħ΢΢һЦ
Ʒ뿪ˡ
Ʒ뿪֮һɫ첽˳ƷڵĻԶλǳϤǱԭ᰸ƷĹᡣ
ףΪβСһͬȥʵԵЩʵӡ
ƷĻȻȥħƳ۹ᣬֵУΪҲ֪Сȵ˼ԺͲҪ˼ˡ츳ħ֮ҲԶˣԺ˼ú÷ϰɡ
Ȼ˫ȭмѹһŭ΢΢ͷ֪ˡ


1374 ع
ֽѾؽ
ؽ֮ǣԵøӵɣǰתƵĳҲյûصСֻһʱս֮ڳǵʧǼΪصģǾŵҲҪԶ
ǣǿнʮλǿħڳ֮Уǵʵǿġ
ϷҲص˸ԵǣȻڳǵʧأ˵ڳǵҪżķչռ䡣
ȻԴһս֮Ʒ䶯ڳǡܹΪǵĳ񣬶˵һĪĽ
˿̣УСеȺƷ磬еҲȥÿնڳԵ
Ϊʶħǿʵ֮󣬶СǵĴΪ˽󲻳ΪƷ׸СҲտޡ
Ʒع֮󣬱ټˡ
ƷĴ㾪ϲıС
˿̣Ʒڴо
һƷԵ÷ǳļϲòѡ
Ʒ磡ϲɫĽе޾нǧǶ֮Ʒľη
ǺǣλþòƷЦ˴к
磬ǳˣҿɶءСЦ˵
ߣһҲ˵һһͲ֪ȥˡȵƷ˵
汧ǸͻȻԵıչأҲ֪ôʱ䡣ƷǸЦǧ飬ǧѡԼƺƷԤ֮УűֶǧЦǺǣǧֵܣڴ˻ӭλˡ
Ʒ羹ǿںΪǡֵܡǧԵúܾȣжƷĺøǱںǿԵĵλ֮֡
ˣֵܵĻǿҵǰǻǧЩܳ˵
ǺǣǰҶˣԺҲؽҴˣҲϰߡƷЦ
ǰλͲؼˣǰҪǵλĻڻܺúõվ𡣡ЦǺǵĴȤ
ǶҴϿɵˣԺҲǵֵܣͲؾˣǾñŤءСͷЦ
Щǧļ¶ںԶ޷õġ
ɸλʶԺض棡ǧֵ
ͷɫĸоɿҲԵ÷ǳϵġ
ƷһЦǧǳ׵£ˡ
ˡͻȻƷֵܣм´ﶼһֱѰ˼Ҫ㡣
ǺǣʵǹڷħɣƷ΢΢һЦ
ҺСĺ֪Ϊ᰸᰸ǷħƷֵƺѾ֪˰ɡѯʵ
ǵġƷ˵ͷҳ֮ұȥ˷ħҲӷħе֪һЩСϵһЩ⡣
ʲô⣿һ㶡
СȣħѾʣ˰ɣƷ粻ʡ
ͷ˵ԴҾ֮ĵħҲǰ˼һѾȥˡ
˵Ҳǹħݵ⡣Ʒ˵ħȻʱԵѹסڵʴϾⲢǳ֮ƣԱҵħſɳ׵ѹڵʴ
ħɻ
ǧ鵹Ե÷ǳ㵣ǧɫƷֵܣħħһַǳϡе֮زΣգħʮſɵһţһ֮δȡĻħ⣬ħѰģħǿߵδܹõħ
Ǻǣǧֵܶħ黹ͦģħĻڱصãƷ
ǺΣֺĶﲻƷΪԼȥðգҧᴽ˵Ʒ磬ҿ˰ɣҪõﶼˣҲȥΪðա
İɣҵҪõħѡƷЦ
˽Ʒĸԣ֪ȰסˣҲǸеůůģУһҪһȥ
ǺǣȻǲȥðգҪħĻ͵ñͬСƷΰЦ
òǺףСôʲôʴôҪħſɽأС̲סʵ
ǰϴ޷ħ𣿡ͷ˵
˽ɻȻȵûƷ˵һֿµʴҲǷǳľ
ʴǳ£ҵԶԶ޷СڵʴڱҵħһҪõƷһɫ˵ⲻǹϵȱǻǣڤɷı
һҲʵƻˣҲȥɡСæǸսӡ
˶෴ð¡Ʒҡͷ
磬˼мƻ˰ɣСʡ
ħҵģħпܴħĵطڰħȣƷ˵
ħȣǧ͵ɫһӦر
Ʒüǧɻʵѵλ԰ħҲ˽𣿡
ֻЩ˽⣬ħȴڰħĵؽ֮ڣħʵ˵ҪǿһħڰħʥأҲǰħչؾ֮ءǧޱ˵ԿóǧһЩ顣
ħʥأƷɫأħҲرѹˣħ˲ƣе鷳С
Ʒ磬ѵûбѡ𣿡˵ǰħʥأԵ÷ǳ
ûбѡⲻǹϵ飬ϵħ壬Ӧҵ˼ɣƷε̾Ϣһ
һ㶣˼Ѱ˻ͷˡ
λǰɣˣʱҲʲô鷳Ʒ˵˴ξСǰȥɡ
ҲȥɡǧͻȻ˵
Ǻǣλɷ˵ɣƷЦʣӸղǧǵķӦƷ²⵽ǧ밵ħȾЩرĹϵˡ
ǧ˵ƷֵܣҲ֪ǲں塣ɵǣԭڰħˣڰħлЩδ˽˽£롭
Ʒֵɷģǵ˽£ǾԲӰ쵽ǵġŵƺ˼δ֪ĺ⡣
һȥ밵ħĳͻ⡣ǾȻԭǰħˣͬеĻҲȽϷ㣬ǾôɡƷ˵
ллǧһĸм
Ǽձ̰ɡƷ
СȻܲԸҲ֪ڰħ˶෴£ֻܱˡ
Ʒ㽫ǧһͬС
ϾһȥܻмգƷǧʵ
ǧǸжû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼǣ˲ٵʵǴһЩǿĹ似
Ʒ˾֮壬ǼǧǶƷҳϡ


1375 ʮߵ
УƷָǧ鹦
ǧܸжû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼᴫ˾գΪƷֻǱϵѡƷ羹ȻǿĹڸǣһЩħδе似ˮƽ
ȻǧҲǷǳƷ͹ƾӵб̬ʱռ𸮣ǧ
Ʒǧչˣû֮ƷҲƽ֮¡
ƷǧǵĶݣǧҲ빼ƷǵͣǱУŬޡ
ǧѾȶƷнƷħǧ֮󣬱˺ռ֮С
ռ䣬ʮƷķ壬ڴﵽԪ֮ƷԭеĺһԷֻʮ塣
ںռʱԵƣһεĺʮ֮ƷνռҲΪ˺壬ΪҪһſռ䡣
ڣȥԵĿԶǿںħǿߣƷ粻òԼʵʵ̣֮ƷҲ̵ʱõͻơ
ԣƷ˵ʮߵſռ֮С
ÿһſռ䣬ܸƷǿƷÿһʵ֮󣬶᳢ȥſռ䡣
ʱƷѾվ˽֮ǰ
ţеһƷʵԽĽſռ䣬ɢϢҲԽԽǿ
Ԫ龳ԪƷʵ췭ظı仯ڿſռĻƷҲǷǳŵġ
ţƷڵԪϷǿҵĽâǿԪӵ˫֮Уǿ֮
׼֮Ʒ˫ǵϰĽţһصǽѹ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ʒ˫Ƴİǵϣ𵴳һɿֲˣǿҵĽâռб˿
ֻǣǣƷﵽԪǿȻȫ޷ţ˿ƺƷǿȻԶԶδܴﵽŵ
ƷԵúܾȣԼÿſʱľ˽⣬ԪʵǲܿţҲԲŵĶŲκһ֡
ѵһſռѾһռ
룬Ҳ̫ܣƷڵʵҲŴﵽԪڶѣôܿһĿռأ
Ų⣬Ʒ׼ԱԿħ̬ȥſռ䡣ȻδܿƷҲҪȥ̽ŵ׻Զ
ȻƷҪڵĿħѪ֮ʱ
䣬Ʒ羹ȻֵĸоԼڵԪȻеһδ֪սȥˡ
Ʒɫһ䣬ҪԼ˫֣ȴصסȵģǿƷ޷ѳ
ܣƷ粻ʵĽһǰڿÿһſռ֮ʱƷ綼ûԼյ
Ʒȴͽ޹ȥĻƷڵͺܻܿᱻȫմ
ϧɲƷڵԪϵرеգƷѾɥʧе
Ʒĺ߲ܲʣѵ޵֮ѲɾΪԼ̰Ҫſռõ͵ˣ
һ̣ƷҪˣȫûЧֻܸоԼڵԪϵʧ
ڣƷڵԪҪ龡֮ʱ
ͻȻ
أһ
Ʒ绹δӦô£ſռ侪Ȼصı򿪣Ʒ类һǿǿг˽ȥ
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Ʒֱӱ˸ݺݵӽһ㣬Ǳĵ˿ռڡ
⡭Ʒγһ㣬ȻĪĿſռ䣬ԭĵԪҲڽĻָ
ƷӴѹʱһǿϢӿ˹ֵǣϢƷ쳣Ϥ
ѭϢչȥƷ羹ǲ˼ļԼ֮ƯһĻƽɫսסսҫǿҵĽâμɢһǿϢԲƷ
öƷ̲סһ
£ƷԺбǿӿһɴİϢõϢ֮Ʒһ㶣ȻеΪϲ
𸮣ʮߵſռ䣬Ϊǿռ䡣
Ϊǿǿ
򵥵˵һͨֻҪǿռܴﵽƷͬȼ̬ǻﱾ
оǣǿռлԭرǱսסӸղƷڿſռ֮ʱڵԪ֮ԱգΪԪǱս׸ǿˣӶҲս׵ҲĬƷΪ
ԣҪǿռĻôﵽ
𣬸ղҲֻƷ龪һˣԭǿռ澹Ȼôһö
սףЩͬǾսײ顣ͬǣǱ𽣿ȫƷΪһ壬ƷʵǿǿƷżǿķ
Ʒ缫Ϊڵս֮С
ಡһ£
սױƷڣƷһٻ˲һĻƽɫսףڵԪҲɶȻǿ˼֡
ָоʵ̫ˡƷٻս׵ĻħнǿߵһӦû⡣֮ǰƷʧ˿սһأõΪǿսףƷ籸оϲ
ȻƷɲô˷ǿռ
̣ƷԳѾƲ˪ܡ
˪ܣںս֮ʱ˪ܲ㱻ˣҲǷˣƷһֱ˪ܸС
ǿռ˪ܾͿ޸ˣԻܽ׵ħƷ˪ܵƷ翴أ˪ܹ׵ħƷĻֻﵽжǿأ
ţƷǿռϢڵԪԪע˪Уǿռ֮ҲͱҪԪԪ𣬲ſΪǿĻ
ƷעԪԪ֮ǿռбӿһδ֪ȻûʲôԣƷоǿ
ƷĬϢĿھȻԿص
ϲ֮£Ʒ㽫صע˪֮С
ʱص˪еʱ˪ܾ⵽ϴһ㣬ԭƵѿڣȻ𽥵޸䲻˼顣
ΪȵǣصȻ˪УԭнƷ˪ܣȻʼԽԵǿƷ
ڣõʱ䣬˪ܽϡ
ȻƷ缤ǣ˪ܹȻѾɹħƷ֮Ҳ̳ԭ˪ܵķҷҲǰǿ˰ٱ
ɹˣҵ˪ǻˣƷϲĴЦһ룬Ȼ˪Ѿ¸죬ҲͲٽ˪ˡ
Ѱ˼˻ƷЦٺ٣Ȼֶ˼սף˪Ժͽܰɣ
ܣҲƷ⻹δʦ𾴡λصʦԼӵǿ𸮣ƷҲнΪˡ
ǿռɹƷҲԸԳǿʵű뿪ǿռ䣬ʱռ֮С
ֻǧǳ֮󣬱ǰħ塣


1376 ħ
һյʱ䣬ʱռӵһĹ⾰
һʱǧƷָڿޡȻûеõ׶Եͻƣۺȴ˲٣ʵ
գǧʽء
ڴ֮ǰƷҲرǧѯ˹ڰħ顣
ħ壬ռݵĵΧ󣬽һģӴĳУŰħɽԭ壬ֱǰ׼塢ǧȼ塣
֮䣬԰׼ʵǿưλﵽн׼ϵǿߣа׼İ׼ϰĻǴﵽ߽׼ʵ
ǧԭڵļǧȼ壬Դڤħս֮󣬰ħԵıչء
屾㲻ദĺܺгԴӰħԱչ֮ǧȼ⵽˰׼ĹȺӶǧȼ屻׼١
ԣڰħУаһ壬ɾͰλ
ǧǽҴˣжڰ׼żԹޣԲŻҪƷͬС
ħΪħ֮Ա壬֮һŲܡ
ȻַĻħǻֵġǧǿ˽⣬ڰħʥذħȷʵдħݲأҲħĵطǰħıչ֮أвסƷħڱصã밵ħ޷ͨĻƷȻǿжȡ
ڣǰħĵ·;ңԶǧ·;þЩأΪʡȥҪ鷳Ʒ˲У𸮰ǧָķǰС
ǵĻƷҲǿȫķģ㽫һǡԵһչħ֮󣬵һʵҲǿܹﵽԪڵľ硣
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Ʒ𸮣ǰС
ǧУ𺧵ļʶ𸮵ƷԽӾ壬ȻҲԽƷ磬Ʒżǰ;˵ǲԿġ
ħ磬ȷʵܴ󣬴ǿ壬ֻϧħи֮䣬ܺгദ
ǧ·;ȥ˴ʱ䡣
ڣƷǽ˰ħطΧ
ƷԻչ̽顣ԸоڰħƬ֮жһǿĽƣƾѰǰħ衣
żǿħǿߵԲ𸮵ĴڣƷ𸮣ױ㴳˰ħĽơ
֮Ʒڰħ⡣
ţƷȱ˳ǧԭڰħݣʱ
һԼһɭ϶Ӵΰľ޴ؽ֮ǣҲԶǻŰħɽ
ħɽһֻ̾ڴеľһ㣬ߴɣƬɽ֮УһɹɭɭϢڰġ
ǰħǣȲһʵҲⰵħǵɸ΢һ£ȻħռݵĵСⰵħпǸơ
ƷѾȻ˽ƣƷԻȥħǡǧ˵ЩͬǱǳǿԶֹֻаλǴﵽʮλ
ǳԽϢĻƷ粢޲ħڲ֮󣬱ȫչؾˡ
ƷĸԾǱȽϻ̣ȻѾǧֵܣôֵܵǾԲ᲻ܵġȻħѾչ˵ĻҪϢĽЩǣƷ˵׾ٵ顣
߰ɡƷ
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һ£Ʒȱֱ˰ħУΪƷ̽鵽ķокüɴﵽϢ
ⰵħ˷ҲȫһȫɫɫʷΡƷҲûȤȥķ飬ֱȻǰ
ħǣ
Ļ˵Ǹʹݳ޻ԻͣɷǷнǴﵽħ˧ϵ֣ڸйаλǿߣӦҲǰ׼Ϊĵ
λǿߣֻɢڳиǡȻˣƷ˼ȻǸһˡ
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ʱƷǰʱſվŵʮλħ˧УһλͷĺڷӲƵӭ˹
ΪƷ糤ÿΣʷǷȸǾ޶ˣȷǷϣҪڰħеˣǻеİˡ
ȻǶƷȲ˾衣
˭ڰħǺûǰɣ͵ĻصأûʲôµĻ뿪ǺĶƷ˵
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פſڵЩһȾΧ˹׷еĽЩֶַŭĽƷ硣
룬λͷѾﵽ˽ӽʵȻϢͱƷˣʵѰ˵𣿲Ҳܲ²⵽Ʒʵ
λͷĺӣ˿־壬亹
ƷûȤȥɱЩˣҲûҪĶЩ˵ˣǵİص˰ݷõģ
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Щ˽һħеĻвʵǿ߲κεһζǱУЩҲߡ
ǡǣλԵȣСȥλͷȻ˹ֻʵȥ
ΧЩӣҲǷ׷׾ֵջϹϾĹӡߵĻﶼǱܻӭġҪԺƷǼڰ׼ĻЩԺô֪ˡ
Ʒ磬ԸЩ׾٣õô鷳ȴʵ
Ͼڰħĵҵĸ滹Щ鷳ĽƣҲ𾪶ǰȻȥ֮ٽҲ١ڳеǾڴ˸УݰݷõĻǾԻټеʱ׾ٵǡƷݺݵĴص
ȰͷƷ˼
ʱ֮У֮ǰλͷĹڵأеĿ־֮⻹δȥ
֮УȻλڷˣԾ߱нϵʵ
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ǡǵģھڸȺ򡣡Ӷӻص
峤ħ֮УκؼĶǴǺĿģҲɵˡһﾹȻܹ޲ĴǳУʵСҲɺ޽䱸ټλɣҲκβ֮ġλµһλϿݵĺڷص˵λߵĵλڰ죬ּߣΪ׼ĴϰĻ졣
˵ͷűʾǺȴӴƷ븮Ҳʱеλ


1377 Ű
ʱС
ԼһȺ˲ΧƷȣɷǺЦ
Ʒ簵һЦ֮ǰλȥ֮ʱƷоĹϢѸٵľڡȻϵϢصĺܺãôӵùƷĸ֪
ڿǿɶǾˡ
󲻾ãλӱɫ˻
λˣλ˶ڸеȺҶӹ֮ǰƷ壬۶Ʒһۡ
ƷŲмᣬȲǺȥ
븮ڣĽ䱸ɭϣǱصĽơƷûдﵽԪʵĻҪ÷ѺЩ
ȻǾ޷̽ѰƷʵڶҲǲƷǣЩҲƷǲκε谭
֮ˣƷȵʱԵüΪĳԾϾƷϵʵ̫رˣԵᡣǺ֮ҲǲǺƷǰϥģǸӾȺƷˡ
ڼƷҲã
󣬿ԸоǱʮǿϢƺǿƷ¶ģƷûзȻѾȻ˸УһбǶˡ
λˣСľͲλȥˡӾη˵
ƷᣬȲ̤롣
һʮĿƷǵֱ˹
ƷҲĳŴеʮλɨһۣʵȷʵϧƷȾǿҲͷˡ
ȻڼƷȵʱ򣬴ΪԾѳʷΪ˵ǣ԰ͰĻ˴ﵽ߽׼ʵȻȫ͸ƷʵȵĻǻǿн׼ʵ
밵ĻȰһۣɫߵʵȻǲڳλһлƷĶ֡
ȻҲỳɵƷʵѳԽķ롣
Ʒ絭λϵİ㣬ȻʵƷȴ˿ûз
ճãع񣬱㳯ƷЦǺǵ˵Ǻǣ˵λߣ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ
ǰħλŰݷãǰħǵҰЦ
ĻȴĽƷ磬ƺƷĲƣΪоƷǸûҪ֪ԼݣҲûκνʶ˼㰵ľ
Ʒ羹ǰȻħǵѾˣƷֱӵ˵Ű峤Ǵ˴ζأΪ˴λλ
λѣ˾ѣƷ֮⣬Ʒ˵ѡ
ĻǸϺһЩ˶Ʒʵλֵܣ˵λѿ
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һ£תзŭоƷˣŪһ㣬׷ĽƷ硣
Ҳѳֲסˣʵλ²ֻǵݷõİɣ
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ߣװŪ㵽Ǻˣһŭ˫Ʒ硣
ŭȴ𾪡˵лʲô˵ĻȻֵӰӶûţʵѾ㹻Ǵѹ
Ǻǣ峤ˣǾͺúָ԰ɣЦٶƾ֮䣬ƷԾֳĺڰӰ
ûǧ顣
𾪲ѣȫǧôðġ
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ڼǧ֮ʱȷʵЩϤӡ󣬵һʱ仹벻ֻԵ÷ǳջ𣬿ƾûˡ
㡭ǧһλϷ㵵Ķǧʵ
ǧɫһѭȥΪ𾪣ǧϣô㡭
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λϷߣҲǧȼĶǧ
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Ʒ΢΢һҲˡȻǰǧȼʵжǿƾ׼ʵȫĻѶȼ
ͽˡ
ǧǣǧȻԽܣŭ졣
ҲǾ㵣ǧôһ˵ԺеӡǧǵݡɫҲǧǻƷλǿԮ֣»гսˡ
ǺǣˣΪεܸ׼壬ЩѺ߹ǧЦɱʢ
ãҲɱЩа࣡
ߣǻǧһȻվֱֳһɭĳֱǧǧΪͲǸ߹𣿱Ϊǲ֪Ͷ˺壬ѵͲǱ֮𣿡
壿¡ĻɫһںҰ֮ħҲжţĻ첻Ʒ磬ƺ˴еһЩϢͻȻ㡭Ʒ磡
ԣƷҲܾȣȻµԼݣȴмЦǺǣͦģȷʵƷ磡
Ʒ磡
ɫ䣬৵һҰס
Ʒ˭ǿħ
ħǿħǿߣ
̼䣬˵Ӷڿ־вˡ
û뵽ǧ龹ȻѾƷͬˡ
Ʒ硭ǧͰ͵Ĳ֮ǰѱһӱήĿ־ɵԵĿǿµħǿ߰
Ǻǣǧϣ˵ĻһĺǧЦ
ǧ亹־Ȼԡ
ֵ̿Ʒ˵ơƷˣǿûκεĶԹ
ûУǺҵλСƷޱĻصرƷ羹ȻںǧΪ֮ʱζźѾǵһ㡣
ĻȽԵñȽ򾲵ģƷ˵ƷħΪħߣԸǵĻɲҪ˸Цˡﻹǰħ˵أƷħҲ̫ɡ
ҿû˵ҪɱǣֻǡƷĻû˵꣬ϱչһµֱӽʮλסˡ

ɫ޷ˣͺŭĶƷ硣
ƷѹûѰǷǧ鵭˵ǶѾҽˣڴ˲˽磬ǰħҲˣЩǾͿŰɣ

ǧ˳ͷݣŨҵɱ⣬ֳһ˸ɭ亮


1378 ̵ı
ԱƷ޷׸
ǧͬһ㣬еɫг˷ŭޣıƽš
ǿ־ŭʣôǧǵҲʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ磬û𣿡Ȳʡ
Ǻǣʲô⣬˴ζұûô˳ĵõħ밵ħĳͻҲ⡣Ʒ絭ȻһЦɨЩԵüΪһףǧǺúõķйһɣ
ʱǧߵеһλ־ǰĺ֮ޱ˵ģ֮һúõĸ
⡭ⲻҵ¡󡭡ŹңԺһЧ㡫λİĲǿԶĻ¾ֱӹˡ
ҪǧһѪ

һҽУλ㱻ıǧһն룬ѪأҲ̶á
ݣ
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ĿѪȵһĻŵҰסǧǹһλһλĲɱΪþЩȥʹǰʹࡣ
ģǧʲô־սһûľǸ㷢Ľ
ǺǣҪսΪɱ˶ѣǧһЦ˦ֻӻһĽâ

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ǧɱ˵ħһ㣬Щ˵ĽЩ˵ϺݺݵĻһһҽֱһ̵ɱ
ƷɫƽĿһĻƷ˵ûʲôǿΪ磬˵ĲпᡣƷĸҲгرˣʹǶԼߵˣƷҲԲЩв˺Լߵ˿Թ
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Ǻǣ峤Ļϣǧʷֵĵһ߹һܵõĴǧЦûܵĥ
Ҫȥѣֻͽ޹ѣƷ֮£ҪӽѵĻֱ췽ҹ̷
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ڵûоȡĹԹĳ
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ڴŴѹǧŭڿԵõйˡ
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ǺǣǧɱڣǧһЦ
ɣҿԸȳֵĻᣡǧмĻص
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ȻǧʵǷǳŵģƷҲûúõĵģǧʵںʱѳԽǧ˵ڵǧ
񣡡ǧһѵÿиĻᣬеĳʵӵ˼£ͬļ۶
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һ£ǧͻȻʧ

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ͣ
ĳֱӴǧؿйᴩ
һôһǧ˲佫ǧɱˡ
ǧѪֺȻܡ㡭ʵ
ͨһ
ǧľ뾪ĵ˵ϡ


1379 ħ
˿̣ڴ֮УŨҵѪ֮ζ
ʮλڱнȻ
ǧյñԴͻȻжָп˫˿죬ѾõԸǿ˽ˡ
ƷЦ⣬ǧܹôҲΪ˸еο
ʱǧƷǰͻȻͨһڵأ˫ʪ죬ΪƷΪʵ̫ˡ
Ǻǣɣ֪ҲϲЩġƷЦ
ģ̌ͷһм˵ƷֵܣûĻֵܶ˾Զ޷Դˣ£Ϊֵܶ˵Ժˣ
֪ƷֵܲϲЩ֮񣡵һݣܣȻǾ͡ͳ𣡡ִ˵Ƿǳϵġ
֮ʱǧǻƷΪСû뵽õƷͣܵƷİٰչˣǱԴݶǧ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ңƷ粻ԼʵˣǧΪֵܡħ֮УҲڶλƷ֮ˡ
ðɣˡƷЦ⡣
ллǧһԸԳӣȻŻվӡ
ǴɷģħԲᷢ顣ƷЦЦֵҿóǻЩ£ǾɣȥħȻҺСǰȥɡ
ǧ˵ͷѵƷֵܣⰵħȿǰħʥأħʵħֻǿǿǧҪСġ
ǧҲ֪ƷͬеĻﲻʲôæΪƷ׸ҲûҪ˵Ʒȥħȡ
Ʒ˵ڶ֮󣬱Уǰڰħɽ
ħȣڰħɽ
ģƷһƬɭɭĺ֮СȵĻδõħ֮ʱƷǲȴġ
ҵĻƬɭ֣еĹ߸о׵ͬһж˯Ŀ־У׳ĹֲաɭֿȥɭɲĪ⡣
µʯңӿݣ鴦Ѻۣǰħɽɭľ
ֵǣⰵħɽϣκεĽƻħֻɽе˸еѹϢһδ֪ϢѰ˵ɽ֮У֮Ҳóһɾ޴ѹ
ȻƷûоԼӣƷȴǿԸоħǱڰħɽ֮УϢǰħʱμɢ
ƷסڵϢѭǹϢԴ֮ȥ
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ƷܾȣطԭеĻһľ֮أֻͬǣħأħܾⰵħѡطȻҵôء
Ȼڰħ֮УвٵħҪ밵ħµĻƺܴ󡣶ЩƲûжǿĹԣȴûûе©ħģ𸮵޷ܵĽаȻȥƷ˱ħֵӦ׼
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Ʒ½ŰħлУֻڰħȵŲܵĽħֻҪƷ绹δĻסϵϢûġ
ãƷ㾪ϲķ֣ⰵħȵܱʯ֮ϣȷʵЩϤħݣŰħȵħݵܼԽԽ
ħݣħԽ澫ħݵĴЧմ˿Ļڰħȵ֮أħļǷǳġ
ħһֿմٽںħħĻԴٽڤ֮ĵںϡѰħʵҲõħǿҲŷǱȵЧ
˵ħڵĻǰħضСĵĿħڵʱԽЧá
ħ˵ħ˲ƣħǶ԰ħ˵żʵƷҪõħĻԻ밵ħһͻ
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ħڱչеĻֻҪƷٶȹ죬ڱħ֮ʱܹõħǱˣƷ𸮵ҲӦÿ԰Ȼѡ
뵽ڴˣƷ֮ŰħصĽħѾѰѵͻƿڣҲǿдͻƿгȥ
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֮Уһľ죬Ʒȫ壬ڰȥ
Ʒ羪㵵ǣû뵽ⰵħȵȾƷ֮ԻʧҲⰵħд̫ĽˣƷ޷׼ȷ̽尵ħȵȡ
˵ƷѾڱչеİħˣƷûѡֳ𽣣Ϊһ壬ĽâݺݵĳһһĽơ
벻ƷһӳɵȣȻûеȵס
ֵǣ˵Ʒڳⰵħеʱ򣬱ضħֹƷ硣ƷûиоаħħƷҲ˳ĳصĽơ
ƷҲûô࣬Ҳûʱȥô࣬ʹǺΣգΪ˵õħƷҲԲ;ˡ
ڣ
Ʒһ䣬һƷ˫Ѿȵ˵С
ˣڳ嵽ȵˡ
ȵ֮Уûôڰ˸һƬɫĹâȵڵħΪĳ㡣
Ʒɫⰵɫߵҫ֮£Լȵ׵ĴضħݣЩħݵƷԶڷħеħݻҪЧ
ȻƷѭǹԴȥ
ɼǹԴҫ֮ħ֮УȻֳһȭͷСӣʰɫϵɢǿҵİ֮⡣
ħƷ˫һⰵħйȻħħΪ죬ɲֹʮ꣬Ѿ˶ʮϡ


1380 ħ
ʮܼ͵ħƷ᲻
ħЧǿħ㣬ƷҲٵʵ˵ĻܿҲͻƵħ硣
ħȻ֮ãʮ˻δȡⰵħӦûδɼħҪħȥһʱŲɼŻмͻƻᡣ
ҲΪħҪԣƷҪõħ͸ˣҪһսˣԵĶֿԶԶԽںħǿߡ
ȻƷ罫ħеĽħƻ˲٣ǰħξıչأҲѲƷ롣
ֵǣƷ粢޸оаħֵϢ
Ʒɻ󣬾֣ûô˵飬бضŹֻ֣ƷԲ͸ħ˼
ħĻǾⰵħеģȻƷ̽ѰħӰƾƷ籾ϵĸоħԾڸڿԼ
ǣǰ˳ħƷôʹֹأ
˼˻ƷħߣƷ磬˴ôأ⾪˾ߣ߼¡˴ǰ߹أΪѰħһλѵλѶʵ̫Ҫˣܹħ֪ħԾ˵żҪԣҶͬȴ۸߲
Ȼ֪ħ͸ԼħĿԷǳ΢СϵĻƷ绹Ǿ밵ħֳ̫ĳͻ
ֻϧƷ֮ԣ޴ħĴ𸴣Ǳħˡ
Ʒ缱ҪõħȻħҲĴԼƷ;ҪǿжħˣƷûô˳ﰵħĻǱȻ⡣
ߣҲٴ˴㾲ˣħ˵ʵ̫ҪˣҶõõе֮նݷƷҲôˡ
ţƷ˫۱סħ
һ£Ʒ˹ȥ
ƽħʱƷ̵ĸоħ̺Ӵ
ƷûκεԥֱħдȥֻҪһõħƷУȻѸٵ뿪ħȡ
ʱƷ缴ħʱ
Ȼ֮䣬ħ⾹ȻŲ˳һǿĵǿ赲סƷĶᡣ
ƣƷ羪һ£㵵˼
ȻħȻ԰ħ˵ǼΪҪô׵ĴħеĽ֮ܵõأ
Ʒ羪㵵ķ֣ħһǿµĽƣƼǿƽ⡣ħʵҪǿƿƲѣֻǿƿƵĻ÷ĻһǿĲԴݻħ
ݣƷ簵һѹⰵħ˵ԼҪħˣȻǿжĻǾԲܵõħġ
ȻⰵħĲʲôࡣ
Ʒ簵ŭѣű侲չħĽ̽Ѱȥ
ƣħֻ࣬ǽҪħмĲǿЩƾǿĹԡ
ƣȫһӵǿĽƣ˽Ƽ临ӣҪƿƵĻΪѰ졣
Ʒչ̽ѰѾãȻ޹
ΣҪʵ̫ˣƷħеЩƸ˽ⲻ࣬ѵҪǿд
ߣҾͺúø棡Ʒ簵һǿĻħĽ֮Уÿһϸ϶Ź
ʱ䣬Ĺȥ
ƺħԼµĽƳţȻһֱδƷԻ̽ѰãûҵԽƵͻƿڡ
ƷͷðźˮƼĸӣĵĻ󣬱ϾǴﵽħεĽơ
侲侲
ƷС̽Ѱƣ⵽ڣ͸
ͻȻ䣬Ʒ緢֣һǿѭĺڰɺڰǺͬһط
Ҳ˵˫Եġ
˫ԵĽƣҲΪͬһΪԣҲƻȽԣ׷֡һһΪԣԷ֣һһƻһط֮ȫڹģҪƿԽƵĻƿǵԽơ
ƷȻԽƲر˽⣬ŵԭܹġǰħıԽƣԽƵĻƷ²ڰħеıչ֮С
ⰵħУҲؽħ󡣶ħͬɣҪҵħ֮أѶȼ
ߣȻ˵ˣҾͰƳƷ簵һȻħ԰ħ˵ҲҪĻƷҪħĻȻܹⰵħƳ
뵽ڴˣƷ㰵ڵԪֳ𽣣ԪעУǿϢԵɢ˳
Ʒֳ𽣣г˵ħߣȻ𸴶ҵĻǺðɣħҲҪˣ
˵գ
ƷеһӿһɿֲĽƷסǿħˣһ͵ĳħĽնȥ
ݣ
ĳһǿľŤڿռ䣬ݺݵıħĽơ
ۼƷһҪնǽ֮ʱ
䣬һŭĻ˹ס֣
ţһɿֲĺڰǵذѹƷ硣
ƷһЦڳħƽ֮ʱƺ׼һ㣬Ӳͣ˽ơջ𽣣ǰ
䣡
һ죬ǿˣֲĺڰ͵ѹƷ磬Ʒ˿ǿҵĺڹ⡣
Ʒ羪㵵ĵǿµĺڰûħ֮£ƷʵԶǿĺڰǿб˻ȥ
ʵղƷһҪħĻǾǰħǿҲ赲סƷȥħġ
Ʒ˼Ҳܼ򵥣ҪħƳѡ
ţںڿ֮ϣƾ֮䣬ֳһİɭӰ
һλڷƼݵӣɫ˰ĲҰףŨص֮ĺڰӷ·ûн࣬۵׳ƽںڵͷɢڶߣ귢ĹâʱΧһɱɭϢ
˵ʵǿƷ籶оѹλӵʱȴǰŷħĸо
û˱ǰħ֮ħ
ԣħʵǿȷħ϶Զ֮ǰħѾﵽħн׼ʵ
ħħ֮ҲǲԶˣħٻ۸ʮĻǰħ˵ĻǺпܴﵽħ׾ġ


1381 ħϣ
һۼħƷ;ֺܲĸоΪħϵϢʵ̫ˣԽӽ
ħһۼƷʱǺܾȣ˵ħҲǴʮˣѹûƷ
ߣ˭ħʡ
Ʒ硣ƷĻص֪˷밵ħзսˣƷҲ밵ħ
Ʒ磿ħкûλħ߰ɣħԵúɻ
ħԼеɻƷҲ֣ⰵħǱħҲӦûʲô˽⡣
ǺǣûУ½ħߡƷ絭һЦ
½ħߣħɫһʣ֪˭𣿡
ħߣ֪Ʒص
ߣȻ֪ݣΪ˴󵨴˵ءħ֮УȻйЭħ֮䣬ɲڶڿǴ˱أҪ᱾еħǱɱ㣬ҲʧΪɣħߵѾǿҵɱ⡣
ǵģ㹻ɿɱҡƷ΢΢ͷ˵ǣħܹѵΣҶõõħ
ߣѵܱȵùħ𣿡ħߵҲ̫Լ˰ɣ㲻Ǹ֮㣬˿Ҫӱеõħ
ߣ֪ħԾߵҪԣһͬȵĴΪƷ˵
ǿǿˣħɭĳ
Ʒüͷһ壬˵֪ˣħǾҪˣ߼ˡ
񣡡ħŭƷ磬λսħ߶ѣû뵽˱˲ħѾƷŭˡ
ߣɾͲ˼ˡƷɫһеһǿԪһֱħȥ
ħǲмĿסƷ磬˫һչһ򣡡
֮УƷ绹δƽħͽȻӭӿƶһɾ޴ѹƺͻȻ为һɳصľʯһ㣬ͻȻ̶һ㣬粽УƷٶȴļ
ţԭİħȹʧƷһƬޱĿռ֮УƬռӵһɼǿѹȻ߱ԣߵƼ
֪һȻƷıƷǰİħƵƷ
Ʒɫһ䣬תһᣬһԷ
֮䣬Ʒ˲˲Ľ
ţƷ㾪㵵ĿħһƣһɼǿĺڰмԼľԷ󣬳ĺ˹
䣡
ֲĺڰƷķӿļ˿ռҵҡ磬޾ĺڰⲨ
ƷԵú𾪣ⰵħʵȻҪȺħǿࡣħصһƺƷķھҵţҪ˿
Ʒķǵס˰ħһơ
͵һ£Ʒ˻ȥ
ħ𺧣ղһΪСƷʵ˰˲֮˲֮ǶԸһλħߵĻûģƷǲҲˡ
Ʒղչ¶һĽǿᣬȻܹסԼһƣƷǺˡ
ƷɫأⰵħɲͨħнǿߣʵԼҪǿ̫࣬ԿħĻҲô׾ͿɶԸħҲֻеˡ
ߣСӣȻôһ֣ѹָ˲Ĵ뱾ءֻϧǣʵ˵̫ˣȻˣǱ͵úúýѵ֪ߵغСӣħһֳһϸĺɫ
ħǰħרħȻϿܼϸǿɭĳйһ׶Ϣ
˵ΰħҪˡ
ƷҲٱԼʵһűһǿа֮ǿҵѪɫâ
Ѫ֮£Ʒħ֮壬ʵ˲ٱĶԾĶаȵĿӣĶŰħ
ħ壡ǿħˣħԵüΪȣƺżֹ˼ɡ
Ʒ΢΢£óħԿħżֹ˼ɣ˵ûڿħˣ˴βɼħҲǿ衣
ߣǿħҲʵ̫ˣΪħǿħ𣿡ħһƺƷһףǿħˣѾ˱򣬾ɱΣ
㾡ܿԣƷ
û¹˭ħɫһݣеİħƷն˹ȥ
ݣ
һ޳ĺڰâ⣬˺ѿռһ㣬һ׾ޱȵƷϼ˹ȥ
Ʒ֪ħһڰħİ֮УϵƼ󣬶Ƕ㲻ˣƷҪһ°ħʵ
ƣ
Ʒ籬һֱƵǿӭһϮĺڰâ⣬ĺն˹ȥ
䣡
һıը֮죬ֲ˿ռҵҡŤһӴƣһƬƬҵĹ⻪ӿɢ˿
ƵǿһȫѾԽƷ籾ǿȣǿнһâݻ˿
Ĺĩɢȥ
ħƷţѣղƷ絲סԼһƣѾðħԾˡƷܹһݻȥԼĹǿɾðħˡ
ǿĽħ˵ʹƷղ¶һħͲȥƷʵ
˶٣ħ͵̧ͷѪɫӽƷ˵㲢ڿħˣĿħǿħı֮м𣬶ԶԶδܴﵽħȫ壬ħѪҲħ˵ľ
ƷȻѾֹֻаħ˵ԼĿħˣѵԼħĿħмĲ
ڣƷҲûô࣬˵ǵģȷʵڿħˣħǾԲģ
ħһЦİ˵ܾ߱ħһЩʵԶڱ˺ǱɣȻҪڿħвңղΣƱҪɱڴ˵أ
ҿɾҪúˣƷɫһսף
һ֮£âʢһɾ˵Ϣӿ˿
â֮£Ʒϻƽɫսס
սףżǿķټƷ籾ƷѾȫʸ밵ħƴһ


1382 ħ£
ħƷսףȲѣЦ벻Сϵı治Сиʣ֮ħ㲻ǻſħа壬滳еĶʹ
ʹǺǣʵ˵ǴӷˣҲȥ磬ⲻ֪ȴֹطƷ絭ȻһЦ
ǴӷˣħΪȣħĽɲǷܱȼģһ˵ӷйǺѴﵽħġ
ûȷʵǴӷˡƷص
ߣ츳ܾˣǱܷŹˣħһɫһħֱƵƷǰ
ݣ
һħƷǰֱŭһնȥ
Ʒһ㵵ķ֣ڴս׵ʱڰܵѹƾȻս׵ˡ
֮䣬Ʒ羹ǺɵĶܹ˰ħһٶȻҪ֮ǰҪ˼֡
ħһ˸գѣԶһߵƷ羪ʵ㡭ôܰѱ֮
֮ҵսЧġƷޱĻصڵԪԪ𰵰עС
ߣЧҲ뿪ħһһŰħѹӿµĺڰŭѹƷ硣
Ʒ޾ɫе𽣾ַľŰħϮȥ
СħΪм֮Ķŷеնȥ
ⲻ֪ڰħһոնȥʱ򣬹һĻˡڷе𽣾Ȼ˼ķֻ˳ֻ̼塣
ħΪֻǻѣħ㵵ĸоЩֻĽ壬ȻʵԵĴڣÿһǼΪǿᡣ
ʵֻҪδƷ罻ֵˣᱻƷչ¶Ĺ콣е𾪲⣬һʱԵò֪룬֪Ӧ
ݣݣ
һĽâϮ顣
ħǷŭȻᱻһħǿ߸ѹסħǿĺڰǰ֮ĺն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ħһǳ֮ǿҰħʵͲģ̼ϮенâԱħݻٶ
ɢĹ⻪֮Уӿ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ʒ羹ȻƵ˰ħǰ־𽣣ƵصĶŰħӭͷ˺նȥ
ħɫһȵڱ֮ڣʹٿ죬Ҳ޷ܹԱ͵Ϯ
ȻħӦ̧ħ˲ǿĺڰӭƷһӲ˹ȥ
ƷɫأҲûҪֵ˼͵ǿ˼Űħһնȥ
䣡
ޱȾ죬˫ȫͬɫʵǿ̻ıɢ˿֮ŤĿռ侹ƿ˵ѺۣƷ밵ħһǵӲжôĿ¡
Ʒɫս׻ȥ˴󲿷ֵ޷밵ħ⣬ҲȥŰħǿ
ȻħҲ𾪣ԼȫһȻ޷Ʒս׵ķҲʵ̫̬ˡ
ʵƷҲǺܺܣȻս׵˴󲿷ֵڰĳ̫ǿˣƷȫʩƵȻ޷ħ
ƷԽǿħɱԽأҲǿƷϵսףɫһ۹ӹһ⣬ħ֮侪䱬һɼΪǿľ
䣡
һ죬ħӲĽƷ˳ȥ
Ʒ簵һ£ɶ
ħɲʹ˷ŹƷ磬һͬԽռıƵƷǰһǿҵĺڹ⣬ݺݵĶƷ沿˹ȥ
ӭƷоһĺͫбһĽ滯һڰâӭ
ȵزƷ羹Ҳţһȣ
ħ֮ɫδӦƷһʲô˼㾪㵵ļƷͻȻɴܳһӰԼһڵĳ˹
ɽӰ֮УħоЯһɹܾ֮£תƴһͻĽӰ
Ʒȴǳᣬ˿ȥ
ݣ
ħһݺݵĴ˹ȥֻǵǵӰʱ򣬰ħоǴ˿һ㣬ǵӰΰĳ˹ֱӴӰħڴ͸˹ȥ
ħͫһͺ׼Ҳ֪Ӱʲô͸Լ֮ʱħ㾪ֵĸоĻص⵽һ
ȻħĻǿʵͻ֮£ħĻǿһҲԿڼʱķӦֵס
䣡
һεı죬ڰħƷʵǿϼ֮󣬻ĻҲǿࡣ
͵һ£ħɫȻû㱡
ƷƵһ㣬͵ķƵ˰ħǰ𽣣֮ӵУޱǿŰħؿ֮ն˹ȥ
ݣ
ǿһռ侹һѿڣƷһʹ֮ͨʩƵһǿֲ
ۼţһնħǰ֮ʱ
û뵽ħʵ֮ǿıӻо˹ɫļƷ⼫׾ԵһԼǰն
ħʧȻǲˣ֮£ڵǿڰ˿Ĵ˲Ľһ㡣
Ʒ羪һ£û뵽ħȻôͷӦ˹Ҳûֹͣƣ׺ݵն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ʒһ˰ħǰ˲ڰħϼһƬƬˣǿľγ˿񱩵ҵĹ⻪̸̼ռ䡣
ħͫױƾڲִټ㣬ôôɵĵסƷһƵ
䣡
һ죬ǿǽħݻˣֲ֮ڰħڡ

ħʹһѪǵɰĺݺݵıƷһ˳ȥ
ƷɫȻǵ˰ħǾ;Բܹôһ͵ıϣֱֱƵ˵еİħǰ
ݣ
һĶ׼˰ħؿд˹ȥ
ħֲѣŭ֣룡
û뵽ħ»з֮˲֮ӭƷһ
䣡
ǿǿһ磬һ˵Ĺ⻡֮ӿ˿
ϾħδʹȫһĶ֮УȫǱƷһֱƷһ˳ȥ
һΣħȴȵֹסΡ
ֻǣħͷɢòǱߵѪȻڣԵ˵Ǳ˫۷ŭ±һƬ죬ͬһ㣬ĽƷ硣


1383 ս
Ʒսף𽣣Ʒ粢ȻŰħ
Ʒưħ֮ʱԻͻȻֳͻϮٽ԰ħ𴴣û뵽ħȻδܡʵʵȻ
ȻڰħشƷҲͬ˲ٵԪҵǣƷ𸮴ռлܴǿʵԵõ˲ָȻɾսʤħˡ
ϾħľʵɶҪʤƷһΡ
񣬰ħǱ׵ļŭˣʵҪԶǿƷ磬ȻƷѹȾأصĴˣʵ
Сӣ㾹ȻħʶƷҲǺܳԾȻֱӶչǿҵ
ȻħʶƷȻҲӦԷ֮ߡ
ߣѾˡƷ絭˵
ߣΪⱰС˵ĵͿԶԱҪܱǻԶţħһŭѡ
Ǻǣ𣿡ƷһЦɱѹûҪŹħ»ⱾƷ硣
ߣܹħʮ겻Сӵϣħһħŭһħն
ħҲǰħһʹħ
ݣ
ҫźڰǿİħ˺ֿһĺââѺڿգͬһеľ޴ѿն
Ʒ类ƷѴӴռ˲ָʵеֶ̼Ⲽ¾Է
ħһǿԵƷֱӲĻԿԷȥֵħһټս׵ķסħһѡ
ݣ
ɭľâƿնݺݵĺƷľԷ֮С
һǰħʹǿħԶ֮ǰҪǿƷҲϵԷֵסˣȥһǿԵġ
䣡
װı죬һâĹȷΪ£ƷľԷδ֧Ŷãһâݻˡ
֮䣬ռ䱬𣬻ҹ⻪䣬ռеüĿ񱩡ĺâ˺ѿĿռѺۣſѪڵľһ㣬ǵذƷ硣
ʹǾԷȥ˰ħһ󲿷ֵƷҲ˿Ҵ⣬Ụ𽣣ս׵ķҲ˲˷Ч
䣡
޴ĺâƷ˿ǿµĳ֮ͬ˰ĳƷѹ
Ʒ羹ҲţԪ壬ּս׵ķȻûչԹϮȫƾԷ֮Ƶֵħһ
䣡
һֲĳƷ𵴡
Ʒһɹɾ޴ĳ֮ˣսҫǿҵĽ⣬һǿĳƷ缴Ǳˣʵȴ˿ûܵκε˺֮Ҳ
ħñŭѣȻ֪Լһȫû˺ƷˣԼ˼ĺڰ
֮£ħŭŰħֱƷɱȥ
һ£ƷĻͻȻ˹˰ħǰȻſµĻԪĶŰħĳ
Ϊص𣿡ħ˫һһǿħӭƷĻѹ˹ȥ
ħҲһֻ֮֮֮ԶԶȲħΡ
䣡
ֲħ͵ı⵽˾޴谭
ħмһħٶǿƷĻеΪ񣬺ݺݵչħѹȥ
ƷĻֵǿħһƬƬĻԪͬӿɢĴĻԪŵĽħΧסˣǻɷֽⰵħħ
ħǳԾƷĻȻرǿµĻ𣬰ħδţֻǿԸоһǿ¡
ħŭıһ͵ħӿ˿ȥԾԵܱ߱ӴԪɢ˿ȥ
Ʒûһܴܰħ𽣣Ϊһ壬ٶȻĽâ
ݣݣ
ͬ籩һ㣬Ľâ˷Χס˰ħһ㣬һƬƬһ㣬ķ׷ƿն
ħɫһ䣬Ϊ˶ԿƷĻħԷɢħȥֵƷһĹħͼסƷڡ
֮£ħֻǿͻǿĺڰӿڰħУŭϮĽâԲ״֮ƣ޴ڰһܺɨ˹ȥ
䣡
ֲĺڰͬһ㣬һХľЩϮĽâڴһӴĺڰ֮ʱԻΪ˷ĩ
ħЦƺЩʧȥǰķ
ݣ
һХĽ֮Ʒ羹֪ʱѾ˰ħͷϿֽ֮𽣣ںΪһżľɱŰħȥ
ôħɫû뵽ƷѾԼķߣ϶£չǿĹϮ
ħŭ񣬴δйһλħǿ߸Ƶȵزħǿĺڰ˲ڽУŭӭƷµһȥ
䣡
ըװľ죬ռһҵ𵴣˫Ȼ䱬ɢƬĹ⻪һ˵Ĺ⻡ͬĵ˿ĿĻҹ⻪ڸеһС
Ʒ밵ħԽ࿹˫עǿ˴˲ʾĳţͬһ㣬Ľһ
ƷдռΪƣʵָħʵʹǿڽܴںڰ֮ڵĽ֮УħǿܹƷƽ
ħŭѣѪӣĿŤŭɱ㻹ԶԶ񣡡
ţħĴڳȡڰӵעڰħУϵǿŰħеĳһƱҪɱƷŭơ
Ʒо˰ħаħĺڰڲϵǿħѾƷƵ˷ŭļ£Ѿĳ龡ڵĺڰƷչĶԿ
ǺǣƷ簵Цս׻ڰħǿȣƷ缸ȫӡ
ţ˫һ裬֮ȻֳһӰ
㣡ħɫ䣬ƷðһӰ
ͬǣӰ밵ħ֮ǰ̵ĻȫͬΪħǾĸоӰɢһǿս
𾪣죡
ƷӵڶˣǲϤĻƷΪУǼֱͻ˸еһսеĥ
ûƷĽӰƷĽս塣սʵǿǾԲƷ
˵֮ʤѾǳΪ˶֡


1384 ǿ߾
˿̣ħƷ籾ͼڽ֮УƷ־ֳս壬ǰħɾҲڲȥԸƷĽսˡ
ಣ
ǿĽս壬˫ȭǿҵĽâͳٶȼ죬ħܹӦҲҲûȥ֡
ǣħǲʣۼƷĽսħڷıǿĺڰҪѹƹƷ𽣡
ƷðħóѣеӾ磬ԪԪںΪһ壬ȫ󣬾Ȼħǿڰѹ˻ȥ
ħɫ䣬͵һһ
һ£ƷĽս֮˫ȭصĳŰħıĺݻһǡ
أ
һһȭħƽһȻƷĽսȫͬżǿս
Ʒһѹħ䡣ƷĽսҲûţֳŰħıĹš
¡¡
һ죬ȭħϵĻԱƷĽսݻ٣⵽Ʒսһǿ
ͣ
ħѪƱ˺ѣͬѣӲǱƷѹǿϮһ˿ĻᶼûС
Ʒɫһݣɱʢ͵ĳһ͵ľӿѹ
䣡
һ죬ħʹһӼǱ׹䡣
ಣಣ
ƷĽսͶ˲ֱƵ˰ħϣ֮䣬԰ħչΪҵĹϮ
飡飡
һľ죬ħʹ⵽˫ԵĹͷۻ˼Ҫʧȥʶ̸ȥֿ
Ʒ𽣣ͬĹۺХȥգ۱ħǰݺݵնȥ顣
֮£ħо˾޴ΣֵĻħĺڰȫҰĵš
䣡䣡
һǿĽ˰ħͬʱϺħôֵסǿ͵Ĺ

ħҽһеİħǿ֣пѪϱ˺ƿһ̵ѪڣҲ̶á
䣡
һ춯ذľ죬ֲıը֮Ϯܣʧȥ˰ħά֣ҲܲסһĳϮ
Ȼ֮䣬㱬ը˿
䣡
һ죬ĹȵһɻǿҵĹâƬħȾҵһ𵴣ʯҹѣʯɡ
̼ȥ
һ죬Ժħɽǰħǡ
Ϊһ𶯣ðħǵ˾һƬֻţϾ⶯ʵ̫ˣǵһ㣬ħһƬҵҡ
ʱǧǻԭȵǧȼ帽УϧѾֻʣһƬ棬Ǳп
ˣǧͻȻһ
ûǵȥƺóеƷķ˵
ǧ˳ͷ
󣬱һͬȥ
˿̣ħһƬңôĶħǵİħžԲûκεĶһЩΪʵħ˧ߣ׷׾С
ֵǣڵЩǲκεĶ
֮£Щħ˧Ǳȥ
һȥȴǾȫΪڴ֮УȻɵһƬҲ̶õʬ壬ǿǿϳЩȥˣǡ
𾪣־壬λߣȻϢ֮䣬ħʮλǿ߶̵ɱˡ
֮УǧƷķƾڴ֮С
Щħ˧һټ㾯
Ʒķ˫һһǿѹͱ˹ȥЩħ˧ܳܵסɫֵķ׷ױѹͲֿܵķΧ
ǵѾˣڸѡҪôҪôƷķ˵֮дһɾԵ
Щħ˧Ļеѡѱ֮У׷׻ֳ̿ħǵҲǱƷסˡ
˿ڰħ֮УһƬмħİ򱻻٣󣬹бصħҲ⵽˾޴ƻΨħнƱӻţǿס
ƵĹȵ֮УħѪܵĵʹϧڵѾȫĴشھһ߶׵ħ
ʱƷӰĽٶ¡ŰħƷ˵ڵİħѾûκεвˡ
ɣħŭƷ磬ֱѪʵͱƷǿȴƷ⵽˲Ұܣھˡ
Ʒ籾Ҫ̾ɱ˰ħģħĽ⵽ƻҪƵĻвС鷳Űħ˵ߣ˵ҲᣬֻҪܸһڣǿԸҽƵķҿԷһ·
·ħɫŭƷ˵Ʒ磬ȻҲ׵㣬ҪõħԿԱ֤ʲôòһڴ˵أ
Ʒɫһ䣬˵ǾǲԸˣΪҪ鷳ҲΪᣬȻˣôһǾԼ취ˡ
˵꣬Ʒ˫һ裬кһס˰ħ
˾֮£ħҲη壬ķЦƷ磡㣬㲻Ҳ
ƷڰħһĶŰħȥ
ۼţƷһħ֮ʱ
ͻȻ֮䣬ħ֮УһɼֲħϿմӿѹ£һɾԵ徹ƷĶ˳ٻ֮С
Ʒɫ䣬ͻǿħƷͻȻоһɾ޴صѹȫԽڰħĿֲϢ
Ȼ֮䣬ħѹ£Ʒûκε·ֳһƬ޾ĺڰռ֮С
򣡡Ʒ级ȻʧɫȻħ֮УƬħҪȰǿԵǿ
͵ģڿбһǿĺڰһ׳Ĺ壬ֱƷ˹
Ʒ羪ʧɫе𽣣ǰ
䣡
һ죬ռǿĺڰƷб˿һɹɿֲĳ֮ǺݺݵĽƷ˳ȥ
Ʒƽһս׻Ҳ⵽һǿ˼
ߣȻܹסһѹְħ߻Сӵһϵһ˵ơ
ѭȥƷһλѪɫĺն֣ϰӰϷһޱа׾ɷĽٶ¡
һаɷĿ˸Ѫ˸еηͶ֮䣬μ䶼ܸоɢħƷоһɾ޴صѹ
λ֮ʱƷȻɫ䡣
ǿߣԵĳǿߣ


1385 ɷħ
ƷôҲ벻ףΪʲôͻȻðôǿУӽ밵ħеʱƷûиоһϢĴڡ
ǣλӾڰħ֮УܹϵϢ֮ãԸղչ¶ʵ
Ʒص뵽λӵʵѾﵽħ߽ס
ħ߽ףƷʵԶԶ޷Ըս׻ƷҲ֧Ų˶ãںӵ֮ڣƷ޷С
ѹѹӵʵǱȷħҪǿҴŨصɷʵʵҪǿһ֡
ѹְħ֮ǰҲ˲ˣԭⰵħлôλǿߣֻƷʵλǿߵʲôݣô밵ħͬڰħ֮С
Ʒλӣ𽣾ţȴ亹λӵʵҪԼԲ⡣
ħֳΣվӣƷЦǺǣƷ磬벻ɡ
ƷĬڰħĴڣ۽ĶλԵޱɭĺӡ
ħ֮ɫͷλЦǺǣôˡ
ߣСӶԸˣܲ𣿡λһݺݵĵ۰ħ
ħ˵࣬ݺݵƷ˵ɷֵܣɱСһһҪǿ˺ܶࡣ
ɷֵܣ
ƷȻһѰ˼˻͵̧ͷŰĶλӾһɷɷħ
ǷɷλڿˣԵüɳơ
Ʒ级Ȼɫ֮ǰȥѰҵɷħȥ󺦡û뵽ѰҵķɷħȻڰħУΪ𾪵ǣɷħȻﵽħ߽׵ľ硣
ϵñɷħɭӽƷ磬΢˼˻˵ҵĲ²ûˡ
²⡭ƷɫƺѾ˷ɷħе˼ŭŰħħߣ벻㾹Ȼڤ˹ᣬǴȥĻħ˶ԲŹ㣡
㻹ȹ˺ԼɣħЦһЦ
ɷħһЦĶ԰ħ˵ȳȥúûסħԲܳκεĲأ
ħͷһƷ磬ɷֵܣɵҪúðҽѵһ
ɷħͷ
һ£ħ
ħȥ֮󣬷ɷħֳ˫֣˫Ʒ絭ʵ˵ɣڤ¶ںδ
ڤ¶Ʒ¡
ߣװɵ밵ħߵ̸һ֪ڤ¶˱ʴħڤ¶ںڤ֮ģСӲ᲻֪ܰɣȻǾԲἱҪõħġɷħߵ
һȻǸϺ꣡Ʒ簵һĻصҲ˵ڤ¶˭ҪõħǶҵľм洦ħħҪõ˿ɲ٣
СӣЩʲô᲻֪ɷħ츳ҲܴʵԲǱĶ֣Ǿô˿ɾ˷ˣҼڤ¶а취ȡڤ֮ģڤ֮ĵճԽħ֮ΪħеİǿɾԲ⡣
˼ûȤƷĺ𽣣޾ɫ˵ǳϲĶ֣Ҫ׵ҳĻҲ̫͹ˡ
ߣ޴ɷħһ˵Ϊ㲻˵û취ڤ֮УһֿǿжطԾտڲԣǱҲа취ϵõеܣ
ƷɫأɷħԲԣڤǺųΪеףӵڶ༫аеʴ֪ڤطжôˡ
ƷȻɷħֵСӣǺ㣬ÿ˶
ƷȻĬѰ˼ע⡣
ҲֻзħſܽԼˡƷ绹еһ壬Եһǿﵽħ׼ʵ
һ̼䣬ƷĵһѾȥѰħˡϾħ֮Уڤɷʹ޵˿ɲ٣ֽɷħ֣طħҲа취ֻ֡ҪǿȥݻٷɷħµħǷɷħʵԻļ
ԣڿɲƷܵʱ򣬷ɷħʵ̫ǿֻеõǿԮһһ֣ͬܳȥɷħ
ڣƷûбѡ񣬾ȫƱҪϵøʱ䡣
ߣСӵĻ٣Ȼ뱾ϵĻǱҲˡɷħ䲻ͷһоȻֳһɭѪɫ
е˼壬˵ϾǹĲѺۣоһƵһ㣬ɲʲôƵеǴﵽħ߽׼ƷƷֽ𽣻ҪһΡҷеѪ˵ˣڵľѪͻᱻеɡ
Ʒ֪ǷɷħĶֻ֣þȫȥʱ䣬бԳܡܿǾ˪ܸ죬ǿķǿϣƷԼôױɷħܡ
ɷҲ̫СƷ磬ʹһҲԲıóѣƷ
ߣԽˣȻħ߻ǱҪú㻹жͣɷħһıһ
ݣ
ĵ˺ѿ˿ռ䣬һ޴ĻâסƷӿնâƽ֮УƷĸоһɼµơ
Ʒûκεԥ֮֮УٺܣǿϵֵӲ˷ɷħһ֮
䣡
쾪𣬱עһ㣬ǿâݺݵػƷ⻪䣬һȦȦӴĺڰƣĵϮܣŰ
Ʒֻо⵽һǾҵ޷֮⣬ֱдǿ̼Եʹ׾֮ռһѰǺۣս׵˫ط֮£ƷҲǾĸоǰǱһشһ㣬ǿм䱻˳ȥ
ܵķ֮Ҳģâǿϵʱ򣬱֮ͬǿ͵ɷħһɾ޴ĳ
ɷħоһȻһɾ޴ķ֮Ϊ𾪣ȴҲ壬İԭȻһзˡ
ۼţһصǿڰҪѹɷħ֮ʱƷŵĿõڷɷħǰȻֳһǿš
ǿγɵţӵǿռŤصǿڰоǾžֻһ㣬ǽǿĺڰɶĸɸɾ
ɷħͬħһ㣬˿İƷ硣


1386 ħ
֮ɷħǰǹˡ
ֺɷħҲʵ̫̬˰ɡ
ɷħĿĮ˵ķħڲٿطڤħܳԽڱķħ֮ڣɵеĹ˵ڱķħ֮ڣӵ޵еʵ
޵УƷԵޱȵĳأű㽫ջڣǷɷħȳǿߣҲ𲻵Чʵ̫ˣǽٵĻƷΪļ
Ǻǣòķ֮ڤ֮Уܼ㡣ɷħһЦֺеķеϧǣעҪڱУ
˵꣬ɷħ˲Ʒǰ
ٶȣʵƷһڷħ֮ڣɷħٶȾǷǳ̬ģƷ綼֪ǿ˶ٱ
ɷħƷǰֱ̧һȴǳޱȣезŹѪ⣬˺ƿռ䣬ĶƷն˹ȥ
ִ֮䣬Ʒ̧ܵȥ
䣡
һ죬ռͲӣǿޱȵһصĺϣ޴еķ֮ĳƷ硣

Ʒƽһ𣬺пסһѪ˳һ֧˪ܣҲɷħһѹȥǻս׻ɷħһƷش
ȻɷħҲԵúܳԾû뵽һƷ˺ƷϵսףһЦǺǣСϵıﻹͦģյջǷǳĿɹۣ
ƷǺ죬ɷħݺݵѹס
ΣɷħǿƷ㾳磬ʵֲڷɷħķħ֮У˵Ʒʤ㡣
סһҪסƷ簵
ʱƷĵһҲҵ˷ħħ⾪˵Ϣ֮󣬱Ʒĵһٸħȡ
ԣΣƷ綼óס浽Ȳѵ£ƷҲֻܻȥԸɷħˡ
ɷħûôɵĽƷ磬Ҹоܵĸозе͵ıעһɿֲа׼ɷѹƷ硣
䣡
һ죬Ĺ⻡޲Ʒ磬ƷǿķҲǳܲסǿĳ֮
䣡
һ죬Ʒ͵ı˳ȥ
ɷħ˫һ裬һƷ类ɣֻӳһ޳Ĺ⻡ֱֶ糤һ㣬ѿնȥ׾֮ˣ˲Ʒ
֮£Ʒ˲Ⲽصķ
¡¡
ֲĵâĺƷľԷ֮У磬޲ӿƬռҵšԵƷľԷδ֧Ŷã˲㱻ݻٶ
ţֲľϮƷٶȳܣһ׾֮Ʒ类Ƶˡ
òףƷסΣѪڣȻû⵽صĴˣֵɷħǿƷڵԪȻͿȥ˽롣
̬ȥƷ绹ôѲҪƵƷʹ
ɷħɫػûܻƷ磬ԷɷħҲǲСƷħ׼ʵܹסԼĹҪƷʵǿһЩĻǻԼƷĶˣ
СӾǸ󺦣СϲܣΣҲñᵽСӵ䣡ɷħݺݵȻϡ
ƷҲϱɷħѹŴۼŷɷħƷŭһһƣ
ݣ
һŤſռ䣬̺֮żΪǿƷŭĶųеķɷħĺն˹ȥ
ɷħΪľƷһԳԽ˱ʵȫ߱ħн׼ǿһǷɷħѲħн׼ķˣмƷһŷеӴаȻӭƷһĺն˹ȥ
䣡
һ춯أռ䶼ҵĲ⻪֮ռѵĿҪ
Ʒ𽣣ڵԪԪޱעУɷħеķе⡣
ǣееаʵ̫ǿˣƷ𽣣ǳıѹˣǿ͵ĳ֮̾Ʒ缴ս׻ҲǸоǰ˺Ѱʹ
̫ǿˣƷƵɷħ⣬ڷħ֮УƷĹҲܵ˼ƣħеķ֮˽롣
ߣɷħһɫһеķе͵һ𣬱һɹɾ޴ֱӸǹƷһ
䣡
һ죬ռ亳ƷѪܴˣǱֱɷħ˳ȥ
ߣԲκεĻᣡɣɷħһϣٶȿ÷˼˲Ʒǰһͬ˺ѵһ㣬ն¡
ƷɫҧأҪ뿪ȴڷɷħһѹƣѡ֮£Ʒ⣬һǿҵĽҫƬռ֮ڣǻֳĽâȫȫĽס
ɷħԵüΪ𾪣û뵽ƷĽ˵Ĺ죬ȻܹѳԼѹƣƬ֮ڽĽâŷɷħĿϮ
ֻϧƷһѤһȴǱƵҪ࣬ɷħǲмеܺɨ˿ȥ
䣡
һֲĻâӿ˰ѪɫâͬХĺɨܣȥ֮ϮĽâԱݻٴ

ֻһʹУѪ֮ⷺУƷαֳȻһɿֺľ˳ȥ
أһ
ƷصײռıԵ֮һܵ˿ɾˣڵԪҲļء
ǿɷħʵ𺧣Ʒħ׼ʵȻԼ֧ôãȷʵ˾̾
ƷһĨȥߵѪЦǺǣܼ򵥣ҵĶжôǿƷҲԲôǻܣҲܵ㸶ۣ
ߣһбܽ㻹ʲôʸɷħĵ
ⲻǿǰƷӴռнеϾղڶԸħʱƷҲûнռеá
õ˴ռά֣Ʒʵ˲ָ࣬ټƷҲڿٵĻָš
ģƷޱͦӣ𽣣¶һİ
㡭ɷħȲѣôת֮Ʒһָֻô࣬תַЦƷָеʵҲȫԼĶ֡
ţɷħֳ̧˷е䶢Ʒ磬ҲʼصȥԴƷˡ


1387 ħ
ˣ
Ʒĵһħڸϵ˰ħС
չħȥԼһƬռĴڣǿ󣬾ڷħ֮⣬Ҳĸоǿ
ħüͷ壬ɫأûǷɷħķħû뵽ħȻһͬıˣ
ǰҵУֲ֧Ŷʱ̻˷ħ򣡡Ʒĵһ˵
ɷģ⸽ϷλѣѾ·ϣܿͿԵˡʱ֣ӦÿԻħֻҪһʱ䣬֧һЩʱ䡣ħ˵кȻֳѳ
ǺǣҵȥһЩ顣ƷĵһһЦűֱħгȥ˰ħء
ħҲɣֱӻ֮䣬ǿĺڰʼԷħչǿҵĺ
䣡
һ죬ħһصĺ˷ħ֮УһȦȦ޴Ĺε˿ľˣû뵽ħһȻħȥˡ
ħ㵣оɷħķħȻǿ֮࣬Ҳûм֣ͣ׺ݵĶԷħչǿĹ
ڰħİħɫȻǸо˰ħѾλƷ֮ħߡ
ʱħһİĶ֮Уԭȵıչ֮أػħеĽơ
ģѵǱЩһ𣿡ħ޷⣬Ʒħ֮ڣֻҪδ٣⶯޷¶ȥġ
ħȥֹƻԶԶδָܻ԰ħֻڰħУ浽޿κεʱ򣬰ħҲῼȥħ
ڰħ˼Ѱ֮УһӰͻȻ⴦İĶ֮С
ħһϤ
ħɫ䡣
ֱ̫Ϥˣڰħ˵ֱǵħӰһ˫ͫ׵ɵúܿ죬ֵӶ˳
ţħ𾪵ļڰ֮УƷӰ˳Ʒĵһ壬ԸħĻѾ㹻ˡ
Ʒ磡㡭㲻ǡ⡭ôܣħɫ뾪Ĳ˵Ʒ磬ھʵǿߣħ
ߣ˵ˣҾԻɱ㣡ƷһĳŰħ˹ȥ
쵰ħŭһеİħųеնȥ
Ʒһмڰħһһֱӿ˰ħȵסħ޷Ųκһ֡
㡭ǲƷ磡ħ־ĶǰƷһ循ԸоǰƷʵҪԼӴҪࡣ
ûҪȥشһ˵⣡Ʒĵһ˵͵ڳһ֣ͬצֱץ˰ħؿ֮ڡ
ħҽһֵг˲ؿһɾ޴ʹȻȫĴ
Ʒĵһޱ飬ݺݵĽħڵħǿж˳ԻԪķ֮ħ廯ΪһƬҽ
ħʹ䣬ͦġ
ƷȥħΪ˷ֹħ⵽ƻƷر˼ħ˰ħȡ
䣡䣡
ʱڰħ֮Уһ춯ذı죬Բ֮أ𶯲ϡħܵĲСѣһƬƬĽȺȻ
ǧѾȫƿ˰ħǵڴ֮ǰѾʼеתơϾħĳгĻⰵħǿɾ͵һƬˡ
ಣ
Ʒĵһ˷ħħȫĺŷħ򡣳֮⣬Ʒ绹λͻȻֵĺӡ
Ըоλӵʵףǿħչ¶ɣλҲǾ߱ħн׼ʵ
ڿûʱȥλǿħʶħڷĺŷɷħķħƷĵһҲûţڵԪŷħǶԷħչҵĺϮ
䣡䣡
һľ죬⻪䡣λﵽħʵǿߣ¾Ȼȥݻħ
û취ɷħʵҪԶǿˣ֮ǿԲģħŵжԷħǲŻԴħ
κĻ˵޾ģҪʱ䣬ֻҪħֵͣȫħ򣬱ܴƷħǷıʱԵ⡣
Ʒĵһܸоڷħ֮ڵı徳жô⣬еޱͷ˳ƴĺŷħ
ħ֮ڣƷشսܵķƷܣƷֵֻܼڣ԰ħˡ
ʱƷѾ˴ǣռѾûκεΪƷˡⴢռֻҪУԲƵĵãƷȴ޷С
䣡䣡
֮ڣ죬Ըо֮һɹǿĺ
ôˣɷħԵúܳԾҲ밵ħͬڷħ֮ڣһжǾ޷¶ȥġ
ɷħһĽƷ磬Ʒ磬İֿɲٰȻ֪ôֵģϧǣľҲǳŲħ򱻴Ƶʱˣ
𣿡ƷӤеѾʼ׼ҲֻĵؽΪΪۣȫħħһƴ
ԪؽΪ
νԳԽһ㾳չͬھĻ𹥻ʹ֮󣬻һΪҪǧʱſɻָȲѵ֮£ƷǾԲʹġ
ƷʹĻ˲һλħнǿͬھɷħľǿƷΣƷҲûһɷħҪ÷ɷħ˵ĻƷֻҪպûĻǾſԵġ
뵽ڴˣƷ侲׼ӦŷɷħĹϮ
ɷħڵƷ˵ȫ߱κεвеѪʢаϢ̸̼Ƭռ䡣
ƷҲûȥɷħ࿹˼֮䣬Ⲽصķһֽܣս׻׼ֵɷħһ
ǿɷħȴ˿ûнƷһ粽֮䣬ɷħȻƵƷǰľеɭѪɫӽƷ磬ѪĹâ
ֻˣƷɫİӤеĵֻҪһлᣬƷԷɷħչǿķ


1388 
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ɷħɫӵ
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䣡
һ죬׵䶥籬ŰѶĿռٶƷľԷγһɿֲСмŤſֲƷľԷоǱиŤѿһ㡣
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һľ죬ѪӿѹȥƷľԷ֧Ƭ̣㱻ɷħؿµһݻٴ
ŶȻƲɵѪ޵
Ʒɫһݣҧأĳܡ
أһ
ͬһ㣬磬ѪⷺģصѪݺݵƷ֮Уеķֲ֮ɷ֮˵ľб˴ƬĹ⻪
ͣ
ƷѪȻĽܣǿĳ֮ҪƷֱֻ۶˿ޱʹ
ɷħ־ŭû뵽Ʒ羹Ȼ֧סееаٶǿѹȥ
䣡
Ȼ֮䣬һװľ죬Ʒ类һüҪͷۻеҲԳܷеǹǿа
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䣡
һһĿֲƷϷŰ˿Ʒȫս׵ķһľ
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ݣ
˺ѿռһն
ŷɷħһƣƷ粻壬ЦˣЦüΪգΪĵ⡣ȻӤ֮ڣƺѾõһɿֲȻ䱬
һϢƷڱ˳
ɷħɫ֮УڸоƷһɼϢ֣еĹҲٻƬ̡
Ա𣿣
ȻⲻԱȴǱԱҪӵĿ¡
䣬Ʒâ䣬һޱȵǿұ˿ȴȫϳгһɸʴ֮
ɷħ𺧵ĵɴ˫ۣȻоǿϢ֮У˼вɷħ޷ڴ˿̷ӦҲ벻ƷڻǱ˿µ֮
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͵ģǿҵĽâ֮УһĽɫȾ֮£ɷħʹٿ죬ҲǾ޷ܿ
Ȼ󣬷ɷħ㾪ֵĿһƷƵĽӰǰĸо֮Яһɶôµ֮
ԪھеؽҲƷΪǿĽӵޱȿֲĻ֮ǿ˲佫һλħнǿ˲ǾɷħʵɣƷԿԸɷħ޴в
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ɷħ֪Ҳ˲Ʒı֮ˣеȫȫĺϮƷ֮С
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䣡
ƷȻ䱬ը˿һɿֲĸзը˿𶯵Ŀռڼȵĳз׷ױ˿˰Ľɷħ̸ţȻڷɷħϿŰš

ɷħŭһѾƴеаʵʵĻ⣬ǹɿֲ֮ʵ̫̬ˣƺɻɷħа塣
䣡䣡
һľ춯ذľ죬Ƭռ䶼һ㣬״ĹƣһȦȦĵ˿ǿҵĽгűϢһ˲סеһС
ڷħ֮⣬ںеķħǣҲħһɿֲϢסˡ
ӲĽħǵĺϮѹ˻ӴĹƴӰħеӿ˿ҲӲʯһһѡ
Ȼ֮䣬ʯɽ
ƷϵħİȫȻħгȥҪȥһĴۣƷҲҪסħٻ
ħ֮Уܵ˾ҵĳƿһѺۣħҲܵ˼Ĵһ˿µĳǾԽħˡ
ʱڷħ֮ڣȻ񱩣ռüĲʧĹ⻪֮УɷħǱıƵ˽ߡ
ôܡɷħɫĲʵǲţղƷѾȵԼȫһˡ
ƷҲƵһߣشȻûܹɷħͬھϾοǲ磬ܹ÷ɷħ⵽شĻƷѾˡ
ڣɷħҲܵ˼ĴˣʵɷħʵǿܹǸħн׼ʵҷħҲ޷ٳܶˣǷħٱȥĻǷɷħֻʧأħκһ˵ʵԶԸɷħ
ˣɷħŭƷ磬ŭѣˣħ߽׼ʵȻᱻƷƵȵزƷ⵽صĴˡ
Ǻǣ˵ˣ͹ҵʵƷѪЦɷħԼŪǱƷҲǸеΪʹ죬ֵĴЦɷʵǾ޷ȥԸЩˡھһĻҵһ㶼Կ
ɾ̫Сˣɷħŭɫĳھ䷺һǿҵѪ⣬аϢӿ˿
аϢ֮£ƷȻоԭͿҪķħ򣬾Ȼ޸˲٣ɷħʵҲǵõȻ޷ٴﵽ۷״̬ɷħǱħн׼ӵǿʵ
˵ɷħҲʹڤʲôµططиõġ
Ʒʵٻ˻ս壬ֻҪɷħûдﵽԽħ߽׵ʵƷ뻹סɷħһЩʱ䡣
ǰھֻܿǵˡƷ簵ֻϣŷħܹһٴݻ˷ħ򣬲ȻƷɾҪڷɷħˡ


1389 ħ
ǿʲôһλĺӺȻ
⡭ɷħʵʲôʱôǿˣһλߴɫ˵ֺϮôãȻδܴݻٷħ
λֵܣڿɲ˵ЩʱϷλҪڣǱþݻ˷ħ򡣡ħ˵ǷǳɷħʵжǿƷҲ֧Ų˶á
ǣħҲ𾪣ղһȻ֪ǳ˭֣оƷ绹ţ֤Ʒжǿ
ףλħͷ֣֮ɫ
ţħٶȺԷħչǿҵĺ
䣡䣡
һ죬ǿĺڰŷħ򣬾޲ӿħѾ¶һ˿˿Ѻۡ
˴ϲӾ˹ѾӽԴݻٷħˡ
ħȴǲ֪ʱڷħеƷ磬жô⡣
ڣƷֻ
ɷħƷֻΪ֮ǰг˴µĲη壬Ҳ÷ɷħеΪķŭ
ಣಣ
ƷĻս壬һ֣ͬ˷ɷħƷں֮ĻָڵָܻһһֵĻᡣ
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ԣסƷĻ֮󣬷ɷħ͵ѹһǿħǿ͵ıƷĻѹ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬˰ħѹƷĻԻֵܵסɷħħ
͵һ£ƷĻ㱻ħݺݵĺ˻ȥ
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ţƷĽսصħг˹ȥǿĽ壬ҳȭĺϮŷɷħ
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أأ
һ죬һƬƬĹ⻪ƷĽսǿɷħĲ֮ǽսķǿᣬȻͱɷħˡ
ˣƷĽսҲɷħķе⣬ˣɷħѹú޷֮
ĵĶɷħŭһеĹƱԽԽ׺ݣеķеһâ籩ĺϮ
ƷĽսڽڰˣе˼ӣƷΪкġ
Ʒûѡ񣬽ȥָܵƣҲܵĻָʵƷƴþʱ䡣
ϧɷħʵ̫ǿˣʹشδ֪аط֮£ʵҲҪԶǿƷ硣
䣡
ŭһֲ̺ľݺݵĽƷĽսƷ˿ȥ
Ʒɫ֮£Ҳֻܽս˻ڵԶԶδָܻԪҲǺľ˲٣ֻܽеԪ
͵ģƷٶȷǿҵĽâõԪָ˽ʵȻԶδܶԸɷħ֧һЩʱĻⲻ
ɷħŭɫƷ˷еаɭа⣬һӵƷǰ

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ɷħһ׺Ʒոճ𽣵ȥʱ򣬱㾪ֵĸоһɾɽѹѹ
䣡һ
Ĺ⻡ڵ֮𵴶񱩵ĳĹ⻪ͬ˰ӿϮܣŰ˷
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ɷħŭ֮Уʹ˷ŹƷ磬ٶϣ˲ƷǰеƷ磬ΪʱͿЩһ˱ķħˣ㣬ķħⲿķҪڲǿİɣ
䣡
صһǾſԼ㣬ѪâķеնƷ硣
Ʒ类еѹܣҲǺ޷ֿ˼͵ⲼһԷܵٱǶˡ
ɷɷħֱƷľԷһնŭĺն¡
䣡
һ춯ذ죬ȻƷľԷ֧Ƭ̣㱻еľ޴ݻˡ
ţֲĳ֮Ʒӡ
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ಣ
Ʒ类ݺݵĻһߣѪܣϵĻƽɫսףҲƷ³ϵѪȾˡ

ƷԵǿ̫ǿˣƷٶܵشӤеԪȫľˣ״̬ôȥɷħĺ
ˣħƷ𣬷ɷħɭħӰƷǰ
ٵѪⷺģɷħŭƷ磬ɫг˼ȵĺ⣬һ㣬ѹѹסƷ硣
ƷɴӣĶǳѪķе˿⡣
͵
ƷģҪȥ磬ԼӺֵڵԼôܾôˣ
ҲԲƷٷ˻ţǿҵǽƷǱܸ˳
ѪƷڵĿħѪ
ǣӵǿսʶѪƺͻȻһ㣬ƷڵĿħѪڼȵĴ̼űƺǱڵǿѪ֮
һ̣Ʒ籬ˡ
Ʒ˫۳죬оڳһǿޱȵսѪҺǿˮĳ׵ķԭҪĴ
һ̣еˡ

ƷŭĿһڷе֮֮ʱƷںȻ䱩һǿҵѪɫ⣬űһǿֲϢӿ˿
ʲôɷħɫһŰĶǰͻȻõƷ硣Ȼоһɼ产˵а̾ӲĽɷħѹ˻ȥ
𺧣־壡
һ̣ɷħǸеˣδйһλħǿߵʱ򣬾ȻԼ˵ĺ¡
Ʒŭţ˫չϲϵӿһľ˵ѪɫΣƷڵٷš
ɱ䣬Ʒڵ֮Ʒ綼ڷǿţšԡһ㣬Ʒʵɱǿ
֮ҵڶţ÷ɷħԾĿõԭƷĶѪǹֳѪ
ԣȻѪ
Ʒ˫ȭͨʻǿ
ûƷĿħڵõͻƣ׵˿ħ״̬


1390 ǿ
Ѫɫӣȵףϲɶַ֮ɫĶѪǿħȫ塣
ƷȻûоףʵȫǴﵽ˱ħн׼ʵڵʵٱ
ʲôħӾ۾㵵Ķŷħа⣬ȻŲռ䣬ǿĸоһаֲϢ
ֵܣλѵǺˣô֮ǿһλߴӲ
Ʒ硣ħصóħԵúܼ
Ʒ磡˶Ȼһ
ûħ΢΢ͷȻ־˰˵ǸղλСֵܣķ塣
˲ɺɫƷĵһ壬ʵ𾪣һܴﵽħ׼ʵҲ̫ˡ
Ƚ˷ɷħ̸ǵúúλСֵܡħһɫ˵
˳ͷɫȻ𺧣λħٶķħչҵǿ
䣡䣡
һľ죬λħǿĹ÷ħҵ𵴣ԭֿѼŷħһҵĹѼϵ
֮ڣɷħɫħѾˣ÷ɷħʵĿĳƷŭʵƷ磡㲢ǿˣΪܹﵽħȫ״̬
ޣھȫ𣿡Ʒ絭ȻڱǿƷеǳ⡣
ߣСӣٵ⣡Ѿﵽ˿ħȫ壬ȻǱĶ֣ɷħһŭŷеаѪ⣬ĳ嵽Ʒǰ
Ʒ˫һҲ壬ֱӭŷɷħ˹ȥ
أ
һ죬ƷɷħԳݺݵһ𣬽ƬƬѤĹ⻪ֲĲӿϮ
ƷһеǿĽɷħ˳ȥ
ɷħţȻ·磬ŭѡ
ƷһɷħˣıǣΪǿͣԭķתΪ׺Ĺƣϣ˲˷ɷħǰֱӱһնȥ
ٲ񣡡ɷħŭһеŭӭȥ
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һǿǿɷħо˫д˾ҵĴʹһǿϮ壬ɷħԵʹܣֱƷһˡ
Ʒչ⣬ͬ˹ȥһƣ
ƷʵƵжôĿֲһδȫնȥɷħ㾪ֵĸоһɻľ̾
£ɷħڷħеȥƷһ
Ȼ֮䣬ڷɷħǰ񱩣̼γһµţŤſռ䣬ſ޵ĶޣƷһ
Ʒüͷ΢壬ҲûֹͣƣоħѾԶ֮ǰˣƷƵţһݺݵĺն˹ȥ
ݣ
һ˺ֳһ޳İѪɫĻâ裬ǿӲĿռҲ⻡â˺ѿϮйš
䣡
һװը죬Զ׼ǵйڱǻâ֮ʱǻâ˺˿ԭе켣Ҳݻˡ
䣡
һľޱֲĸȻɷħķħת˲ٵƷƵʵ̫ǿˣħҲﵽ˳ܵķ롣
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ţӭһǿȻǿԵɷħеĺնȥ
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⻪֮УƷĮӰͻȻֱȻֱƵ˷ɷħǰһĻն˹
ˣɷħʵһŭֳ˷еݺݵӭƷһֵ˹ȥ
أһ
ǿɷħеķеһȥ㱻ݺݵıƷ˳ȥ
Ʒˣ֮䣬ֱƵ˷ɷħǰȻڳһ֣ƱΪȭȭгǿҵİ⣬ǿ
ȣƷ񾢵һȭ׼ŷɷħؿ˹ȥ
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ͣ
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ţ־ļƷֳ𽣣֮ĳŷɷħͷ֮ݺݵ˺ն
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䣡
һ޴ĳƬĹ⻪֮𶯵Ŀռѡɷħ̲סһѪȥֵƷһ
ģɷħƷһݺݵѹȥ
Ʒͬһ㣬ͬһ㣬͵ıƽɷħǰе𽣿š
ݣݣ
⽣Ӱ裬Ϯɷħ
ɷħŭѣ˫۳죬ʧȥһ㣬ĻӻеķеƷĿš
ڷɷħ״̬ʵƷƺУɫᣬ޸ԣĻӶ𽣣ɷħÿһ
ɷħƷˣѱƷƣѾദҲʣʵϵļû뵽Ʒʵ֮ǿħ߽ǿߣԵıƵȾء
䣡
һɷħٶˡ
Ʒͬ͵սһ㣬ȥһĽâŷɷħݺݵϮ˹ȥ
ɷħŵֵŭ֣κʵֲƷ磬ǿס˼âϻǱǽâ˺һ˿ڡ
Ʒ˫һ裬Ԧ
ݣ
𽣣ɳ۶ȥ
ɷħŭɫһǷе𽣸ն˹ȥ
֪Ƿе𽣣ڷɷħһնȥʱͻȻĸı˹켣԰ļһơ
ɷħɫһ͡
ݣ
𽣣Ȼڷɷħĺ˹
ɷħ亹һӦ˴أֻƾŸоһ
ͣ
佣ӹѪ罦ɷħҽһһֻ۱𽣸и
һ̣Ʒ͵ֱƵ˷ɷħǰ
أأ
Ǽȭصĺڷɷħǰ
ɷħѪ£ʹĵ˳ȥ
ಣ
˳ƻصƷУƷ⣬𽣣һգ۱ڷɷħǰ
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һ˺Ѷȥ
ɷħŭ񣬽ɵӳѪ˿ݺݵ˷е֮ޱעڷе֮УѪʢţŭӭȥ
䣡
װľ죬ƷһΪǿɷħеķеһ𡣲ϵǣɷħƷһֵס˳ȥ
Ʒĺ𽣣ȻɫĽԵޱǱķɷħڵķɷħ˵Ѿǵ;ĩ·ľˡ


1391 λ
ҪˣλߴӾϲ
˿̣ħѾ˱ıԵ
ξɣôãҲǾͦġ
ôңǸߴӸ߰˵
ţ׼Ҫ޵ķħȥ
ȵȣħͻȻ
ôһ㶡
չȥ¿մǷħһƬѪ֮ɫһɼֲаҪ׵ı˳Ѹš
Ҫˣһ
˵꣡
䣡
һ죬֮䣬ƺΪ֮һһɿֲǿаڰħеȻ䱬˳űһƬޱȴ۵ǿ⣬
ħɫһ䣬չɫȻȥš
䣡
ˣĹ⻪ӿ˿Ƭħȳ׵ıƬľ޴ʯɽһ޴Ģƴӹг𡣷ԲȻŴ˾ֲѹӿϮһƬɫ
䣡
һ죬׾Ű˷˵ǰħȣħɽҲ˿ݣľڴ
ת֮䣬ħɽ˲㱻Ϊƽأû
ǿ
ħɫɢĹ⻪֮УһӰƺһɾƷ˳ԼǺӰϽһƬѪҺ
ɷħԾ
͵ģȵֳһӰڱħ֮Ʒ磬ֳ𽣣͵ĳ嵽˷ɷħ
Ȼ󣬷ħǱļƷ羹һƿ˷ɷħؿڡ

ɷħĲҽһϳȼһɲҰɫ׻ƷӿϮĻԪڷɷħڡڼȵʹ֮УɷħڻԪķ֮УΪس
ֲɷħȻ̵ɱˣ
ħΪ𾪣ǷǳɷħʵжôǿԼǷɷħĶ֣ھȻƷɱˡ
Ʒɫ˲֮£ѽɷħڵħ֮УȥħȻ䲻սףĽħǵǰ
ħɫǿĽƷ硣
ǰƷЦǺǵĹֵ
˲Ȼ˹ղƷһɱɷħһĻȻģƷʵоѾԽǡ
Ʒ硭ħƷ磬һŰɫƷ˵ϷʵڲɷħȻС
ǺǣλǰƷǾѱˡƷǫĻЦ
ߣСӻװؾûǵĻҲһܹԸɷħɣڵоǶˡħƳƷ磬𾪶ּƷʵҲ̫ˡ
Ʒɲô룬ղλǰħҲûôȥƷ˵
ˣһǸŶ೤ʱ䣬ʵͽǵ֮죬ϷҲĶˡħƷ˵ھ͸ȥ͸Ʒˡ
ǺǣҵʵǱɷһƳģҿɲôװ׵ˡƷ絭ȻһЦ˵ʱĻǿħѪûбĻڷɷħˡ
ȻλҲǼΪ𾪣ãŷӦ˹
㡭Ʒ硣ǸߴɫƷ˵ΪղڼƷĵһ֮ʱʵħףԲע⣬Ʒı壬Ϥ˹
ƷͷһЦѺð˵ǰδ
ƷֵǿҵĻͽ켫ֵܰɡǸߴˬʰЦҲ켫֮켫
ȻܹǰֵܣƷҡƷ繰һЦ
ôңԺħҲƤֵˡһλЦҲħ֮ħ
λǰΪֵܣƷ١Ʒܳ˵ǵ˵ĻƷ绹ű֮ġ
ƷֵܣٽǰĻɲЦ𣿡켫Ȥ
ǰԺͲôˡħЦЦһɫƷʵˣƷֵܣǿˣ
ϾղƷĿħ״̬Ѿﵽȫ壬ȷʵ켫ǻƷݡ
ҲǿˣӵĻҲһλԵáƷҡͷ
ǺǣƷֵܵԺɾҪչˡħ΢΢һЦ
ƷֻǺ󱲣˵չ˵ĻҵҪλֵչءƷЦ
ߣǵǰϷ˰ɡħͻȻһ
Уǻû˵أƥƷֵ죬Ȼ켫ԵЩõĶԷħ˵
ⲻǶʶ𣿡ħƳֶۣƷ˵Ʒ磬ħô
ǺǣطҵǶƷЦ
ҲãϾڵѾͬҲǵҪԼˡħ΢΢ͷ
Ʒֵܣǿ˲ԶԺʱǿɵǶһ۰켫Ц
ȻƷ綨ݷλֵܡƷ
Ǿȸˣпپۡ켫ЦҪĻǡ
ǿɾͶлλˡƷЦ
ţ켫ħħк֮󣬱뿪ˡ
λħ뿪֮󣬷ħȻʣƷ磬ҵħ𣿡
ȻֻǻЩСС鷳Ʒص
鷳ħü
Ǻǣǰģ鷳󡣡ƷЦ
ƷŷħѾΪһƬеİħȥ
֮ǰƷħһֱû켫ǵǰħ飬ʵҲһ˽ĵġϾħŪЩɾͲˡ
ʱƷħķ֮С
ȻһƬмԭȱ鴦ħҲǲ౻ˡħƷĵһ밵ħԭµĽס⵽κεƻ
ħڼħʱԵüΪ𾪼ԸоħѾҲжʮˡ
ħɫƷЦǺǣǰ⣿
ȻϷϣڴ˵ȷħҲȷʵϷϣħнʮܼͣħ֮УҲ޵ڶšС˵Ļѹڵʴɴ硣ħ˵
ǰħЧеĺࡣƷЦ
ħнƣҿǵ˫Խƣҵһڡħһɫ˵
ǰģҵķһ֮УħѳѾûʲôˡƷϲɫЦ
һ֡ħƳƷ磬˵ôСȾͽչˣϷݻСȣϷȸˡ
û⣬ǰܷġƷ
ѰĻڻСȫħѰɣʱϷ㽻һЩ顣ħ˵
õġƷͷ
󣬷ħʧ˰ħ֮СƷĻħҲǷĽȽƷչˡ


1392 ħ
ħ䣬ʧȥԭе
ƷһϣɵıƳ˽ơ
һƣħбɢһǿҵİ֮⣬Ըоħɢľħ
ƷǺĶģΪҪħĻ¾Ʒ綼̲סҪħʵ̫洦ˡƷħĻضԵõͻơ
ȻƷǲôˡ
ţƷ缴̱㽫ȸ˳
һ£ȴ
һۿħʱ˱㾪ˣŨħ֮ȸоڵѪҺҪ
ħȾʵ
ǵģˡƷЦ
ľѣȥһƬм˵ﾭһҵ˺һµƷΪħⰵħйһҶ˫˸⣬мǰĽƷʵƷ磬𣿡
Ǻǣôܣħʱ밵ħͻˣģǼһѾˡƷЦеɷħ飬Ʒ絹ˡ
ȴҲ뵽һЩҪܰħĻǾԲеô򵥣ж֮ɫƷ磬Ϊʵ̫ˣҡĲ֪á
ȱ˵ЩˣħɷһһЩ˲㻹ǸϽ˰ɣڵʴҲѹסˡƷЦ
΢΢ͷű㿿ǰ
ħǿɲͨĹӣ˵ʳֻҪһħеЧἤħڡ
һ֣ħдȥ
ƷҲ׼𸮣ֻҪһħƷὫٶͻСϾħЧܴ󣬲һʱ̶ȫգħ֮Ҳɢȥʱɾͻй¶ȥ಻Ҫ鷳
ʱȵĸħϵʱ
Ȼ֮䣬ħҫһҫ۵ǿ⣬űһŨħɢ˳ֱӽס
ȺȻɫĴħʱ򣬱оһӴħӿڡħ֮ǿһ֮ʱ̲סʹһӶӿǿħˡ
Ʒһȸ޸ռ֮С޸ռżǿ޸Էֹħеܵ޴˺
ת֮䣬ƷȱһͬС
ʱǺ죬ȫʹĳ鴤ڳһļ尾һ㣬ʹ֣˵Ҫӵܡ

ʹ˻һħеħ̫ǿȵʵҲнףħħѾȫԽķ롣
£Ʒ㽫ڵԪעȵڣȥѹסҴܵħƷԪǿڽһѹ֮ܵʹࡣ
ƷȴСȣ֪Ǻʹ࣬һҪסһᾡħԲҪȥֿȻɾͰ׷ˡ
ԺƷĻǿʼ侲ǿܵļʹƷԪʼȥӴħ
κΣħ̫ǿȵաȻǿȥˣյĹ֮УȻʱȥž޴ʹ
ͷϣϣϵ亹Ըоÿһķ壬ڳ鴤š
֪ħ֮ףʹ˰׷ƷĻ㼫Īʹڵħ
ƷԪѹƣÿһ̶ҷɣڵħУԪȵѪ
ʹܹʹ࣬ʱʱǲҰ׵˫ϻǲӽš
Ʒ翴úʹûѡ񣬶ħĻԽɶǴ洦кܴĻܹͻƵħ
ħϵıաһңȵ֮õɱ䣬֮ǿѪǿ
ͻƣ
ôһӣȾȻͻƵ߽֮ʣӴħҪٶͻƵħĻǾûģǰܹš
Ȼȵľˣħ̫ǿˣÿһÿһ̶ڳżʹԭǺŵĽݣѾúѪɫһĲҰס
СȣһҪסԲܹƷ簵ĹȣǺ޲Լܹȥܵʹ
ʱ䣬һһĹȥһ죬죬졭
ֱ˽¡
µʱȼÿʱÿ̶ڳʹĥвƷԼʧҲǿ־
ȻµʱƷҲ˿ûзһ̡ħƷľļƷ綼оЩƣˡ
ڣȶ
ʱѾ԰Ȼȥȶħˣ֮Ҳõ˳ɱǿȻƷ绹δоͻƣѾԱħˡ
ѾȶȥħѾκεʹˣڻδյħҲʣˡ
Ʒһƣ۵ĽԪ˻ѾûҪȥˣȻЧúܲ
Ʒ绹û˿иϥһߣػάȵߣʱ̹עڵľ
ʱ䣬һĹȥ
Ʒһֱδ뿪ȵߣ֮£ƷĵһڴƷԷĵȵߣ粽롣
㣬ֹһ֮ࡣ
Ʒһֱʱ̹עڵ״ڵɫҲܺãԡذĹ֮УɫƽѾһǿ
ħתΪѾʽ̤ħ֮ҲֻһͷˣƷøӵĽ
䣡
Ȼһ죬޸ռ䶼ҵһ
ƷһֻڱһɼΪֲǿɲħһԶԶԽħĿֲ֮
Ȼ֮䣬ǿⱬһ˵ľȵӿ˿
ƷΪ֮Ͻǿֲľ˸ݺݵƷ˳ȥ
ȻһԶԶҪԽƷеľƷ羪ŵֵԪչͷţǱǹɾݺݵĳ˿ռ䡣
䣡䣡
һȦȦµѪɫƣӵϮĴ޸ռھҵţǿӲĿռ侵棬Ҳ΢΢Ť
ֲ
ƷѾ²⵽ˣħڱȫ֮ʱͬʱħҲ˼Чڵڤ֮Ѿʼȵںϡ
ԣǿڤ֮е
ʱԡϵǿ֮УǿµľɢƷǾǿѾľе
ǣƷ绹û뿪Ȼ޸ռ䣬˫۽ȡ


1393 չ
䣡
ռ𶯣ƷʵȻ⾢ѹѿ
ɼǷİ쵵Ĺâ֮УһնԡصĹ֮Уԡɱ䡣
Ʒ羪ȥԶԶԽδ֪ǿϢ֮УȻƷоη壬ڤ֮ɢϢʵ̫ˡ
룬ǴﵽڤǵȾ磬ǲǿԻˣ
ģʼʧƷҲǿһǾʵ̫ˣҪôȥĻƷǵҪƵѪˡ
⻪ҲŽ
չȥƷȴǳ׵ɵˣҲüͫ׵ɵü
ȻƷǰԶ֮Ʈһ壬磬Ƚˣͦظ׾ѩļ壬ÿһ֮УżֵĹ⣬ˣһջ
Ʒ㻹סˣɫЩ͵һ壬ֱĽȾȫ㣬ޱȾ޵Ʒǰ
ʱ˫ۣǴˮӽƷ磬ֱƷһʲôһ㣬Ͻͷȥֱȡ
ǣƷԺһ˵壬ȴʼԼԺл֮ԼľΪд߰
Ʒ磬ôˣʲô𣿡ȻɻĶƷʵƺ޲ԼϾȻûκһڵڸղͻ֮ʱڤ֮ĵǿ֮£ԭеѱˡ
ûûʲôƷЩĻصͷð亹Ȼ̧ͷ
ԵøΪɻ󣬲ǰ˼
㡭ȱƷֵ̿
ңȻͣ˽ŲܸоԼƺʲôƵģƷ۶ԼһۣΪŮ˵˵һ衣
ߣôѿõһſʼԼ
һȽһ䣬űһ̶ļ𣺡
£̴ӿռָԳһʵʵסԼߺ죬ѣһָƷе㡭ɫǣ޳ܣ
⡭ܹҰɣ֪ƷԵüΪεĻصȻѾƷԺﻹǻḡֳղһ˵塣
Ʊ磡ʵǣղԼһչ¶ѣû뵽Ʒ羹ȻԼһۣԼô
СȣҡûнƱ磬ܲҰԼӶ˰ɡƷ纹յ
ߣǺӣһߺʵ㡭ղûЩʲôⰡ
ȻûУƷæȴһӡ
ûУ
ûУ
ƷһԴǰ˵
Ҳǣһ㻹أһǺƯôƵأɫͻȻЩȻ
ƷȻ˵ҲȶԼˣƷĲ֪ôȥȣĬ
ȼƷĬðץҲЩʧߵʲôأҸղֻǺ㿪ЦģƵңһء
ƷЦЦٳЩεգЦǺǣСȣͦģڿλħˡ
ζħˣȻҪͻħĻ֪û϶೤ʱء΢΢ͷԼͻƵħ֮Ҳϲ
ǺǣħѾѹסڵʴҪȫڵʴǻõõƷЦ
ҵҪһȥһܰˣڵѾΪ׸ˡ˵
Ȼȥոͻƣ绹δọ̈̄ҲҪչһʱ䣬ҳ֮ұһͬǰȥѰƷЦ
ߣŲࡣ죬ֶƷʵնûио
Ʒһ㶣ǲ֪ȥشˡ

Դħ֮ʱʱѾһ¡
ħǱϾûдݻٵ̫أⰵħҲȽ϶࣬ڰħѾؽĲˡ
ڴ֮ǰƷĵһѻص֮УСǸ˰ħǣһ˽ľӢšϷǵĻֻ˷ħأƷûôݣе˶ˡ
ԣѾûǵĴڣֽİħҲµǡ
ħɽ౻ΪƽأǵĹģҲõе˿Ҳﵽ֮ࡣ
ǰħȵĻȻٵЩأҲƻر󣬽ħҲȣΪеʥأ׼˭Ҳ롣
ڣȵڣƷҲȽϲ⴦طһЩħҪĻûħʵǾ޷ġ
ȻڰħҲҳŷڰħˡЩ˵ĻƷΣҲ󣬵Ҳǣ㽫Щ˸ǡ
̶²ʱ䣬Ǳõ˼ƣеѾȫƿء
ͻħ飬ҲĽǵõ˴̼ӱޡ
ƷѾõħƷҲܽħ񶼸ˣȵľ绹δȫȶҲʺա
ԣƷرһн׼ħСһͬաȵĻֽȫ⣬ҸƬػ켫ħĵ̣Ʒ͸ûҪȥˡ
ڴ֮ǰƷҲȥݷλħϾħеĻһЩħõĻǶԺķչǴ洦ġ
һ鶼֮ƷСǽȣ׼Сħ
Ϊβأ
Ϊȵǿ˵ҪǿյЧҲеĺãﲼؽħҲصĻй¶ȥ
ħСǸֱȥգƷصΪСǿ԰Ȼħе
һħ񰡣жôǿ󣬾ǶͻƵħƱؿʵǧЩн׾ߵĻħеͻ߽׾Ǿûˡ
˼ΪƷΪµ֮УʼչԵȥħе˭ܹͻƵĻɾ͵ÿԼ컯ˡ
Сȶħе֮Ʒ㽫һΪСǻԷһЩ䡣
Ʒɷħս֮ʱȥȥħĻƷڵΪǼ˲٣ҲþָȥȻԽӰܴ
ţƷʱռ֮Уһεıչֵûϲٵʱˡ


1394 
ʱƷʱռ֮С
֮£Ʒ綼ѾƺˣɷħǸˣƷҲҪıչˡ
ȥúľǧʱſ޻أʱ伫ΪʱռĻҲͼѡ
˵ԭ紫˵еЩߣλһչؾиǧġ
ƷħѴﵽȫ壬ǿԴƷʵڿħ£ƷʵȴǴǰϾȥΪΪ˽Ʒý޻
ţƷȶ񣬶ռ䣬Ҳʼ
ȻֻǼѣƷɵûϽǧʱ䣬Ҳǻ÷ǳġ
˿̣ƷϥȫСڵԪʼڻ֮תΪԪעڵӤ֮С
ǿԪ޵Ḷ́ԽκεƷ޷ħЩ
֮ڣʱż졣
ת֮䣬Ʒʱռʮ꣬Ҳʮѡ
ʱƷѾȫ˿״̬һУѾʱ䡣Ŷ̶ʮʱѣƷҲǻָЩѡ
ȻڻָĹ֮УƷڵԪҲڲϵǿʵ׳ţΪƷͻһ˼ʵĻ
ʱ䣬ĹȥھеƷ˵ѾûνʱȫܽӤе
һȥˣƷѾܳµ壬ֻǻ֮СƷûֹͣ
ȥˣƷҪ׳ʵ˼֣ƷڵԪҲҪ֮ǰǿ˺ü
ꡢİꡢꡭ
ʱռƷͲ֪ʱ䵽˶٣Ʒֻ֪ϵǿʵ֮
磬Ҳǹһʱѡ
һʱǷչʢ£ˣҲ˳Īǵ˿Ҳڲϵǿ
ڣƷԶħõ֮٣ƷЧҲǰҪࡣ
СҲȻħ֮УϾħе̺̫ӴֲգСħ绹̫ԶҪʱҲȽϳ
ǣȤ߾̸˶ûˡҲԺ֮УȴǲϵĸֳƷЦݡ
˼˼
ҲԼǲѾƷ磿ÿ뵽Ʒ绹֮ʱȻˣƷ粻ڵһּΪܵĥ
ֱֹꡣ
ˣǷչԽԽǿʢСҲڳɹˣɡ
ֻǣΨСɹͻƵħ֮ҲǴﵽƿֻҪݵĻͻħӦòǺѡ
ǺǵĻֻǹ̵߽֮ʱͻһľ磬˵ѾǷǳˡ
ȻҲ޾ʹֹͣħǿ֮󣬻ҪһʱȥΪҲûʲôжСǱչ
ﵽƿϣδܹõԽԵͻơ
ħ֮УȻҲϣƷ֮У˸ǡ
ʱռ֮еƷ磬Ѿжȹ߰ٶꡣʱƷûȫܡ
ʱռ֮߰УƷоѾﵽƿԪھѾԽԽƽˡ
һαչزƷмϣܹõͻơ
ƷѾûʱԵĸɣֻһˣôһҲҪʱ䡣ûʱռĻɵ˷Ѷٵʱ䡣
ոһգ긴һꡣ
ƷڵԪԽԽǿʵоҪͻƵӣƷȴǸоԪھ绹úԶ
ƷҲ꣬ȫڵӤ֮ڣؽӤҲǲˡ
յãꡣ
ɲǽǧ꣬ķһǧʱ䣬Ʒڽ˻
䣡
һ죬ƷȻһǿҵĽ⣬ľӿϮܣռ䶼΢΢Ʒ˫͵һͬʯһ㣬ֱ˵Ľâ
ƷЦһɢڵϢ
ಣ
һӰȻƷڳһͨƽɫ壬ûʵʵףһŽ⣬ȴɢµϢ
ûƷ
ƷǼϲǰϤżİЦǺǣҵѣǻˡ
ȻƷҲˣΪ޻Ȼľһǧʱ䣬治ǿʹõġ
֮Ʒ㽫ջڡһǧʱƷľҲҪǿ˲٣ѾﵽԪڵƿ
ѵãƷпǻдӷɷħõħǿǴﵽħ߽ƷħƷƿֻ֮ҪħȫܹõͻƵľ硣
ƷҲ޾ħŸ޻أ˵ȫĹ̡ԪھĻԲκεǱصҪԵİղſɡϾԪÿһ㾳磬γ̣ſɵõµط
뵽ڴˣƷ׿еٶȽչؾޡ
ֱƷֱչʱ䣬ȫȹ֮Ʒž׼Ҫȥħ׼Ԫھ̡
ɣƷֳǿħ񣬿ĸоħԣӴĺڰƷѾ÷ȥħеҲɽаγзֻ
ţƷлеҪ˫ǰħȻ󻺻ĽħеʼԵȥա
֮ʱƷȫһͬڵˮһ㣬һǿĺڰ͵ӿƷڣǿ
Ȼﵽħ߽Ʒħ̺ĺڰǿ󡣶Ʒʩе֮ʱýɺڰתΪԪȻſɻڽӤ֮С
ΣܻЩ̫ӦƷȽСģħгȡĺڰ࣬ƷܿѹգԪУһǿĺڰתΪԪƷСĽת֮ǿԪעڽӤ֮С
ǿԪӤӤ͵ıһ̼䵤Ӥбһ󣬵õһǿӤ̺ԪҲԭǿ
ƿھ͸ӽӽˣƷԸоؽӤƺҪֻˡ
ƷϲɫһɺڰѾɹתˣӤǿʵΪƷ̾˼ʵĻ
ƷȻǺСģڵһɹת֮ƷϢʮʱ䣬ֱȫȹ֮ƷֿʼȥħеĵڶɺڰһξҪȵһǿһ
һΣҲƷԪھĵһνԳ̡


1395 Ԫ
ʱƷ׼ʼħеĵڶɺڰһҲҪԶȵһδ࣬ƷҲȽϽϾħ̺ĺڰҪȱԼڵԪҪǿࡣ
һΣҲƷԪڵĵһγʧ˵Ļ֮ĳɼӰ죬ÿһԲʧܡ
ȶ׿еƷ˼ȫķħ֮СУʼħǿĺڰ
ڰҲƷԪΪģԱȽ鷳ҪڰգþתΪԪ
ʱǿĺڰӿƷ֮ʱƷȫ͵һȻǿĺڰӿ룬Լ
Ʒ統ڵԪѹӿĺڰѹƹ֮Уضǿ֮ڳ⡣
䣡
һεľ죬ƷħеĺڰȻǿڱԭһ֮ʱƷԪǿЩ
ǰܹǿɷħֿǾڿħԵʣƷ޷ħ̬ȥȻԪҪࡣ
ɾƷڳƷо嶼챬˿ޱʹƷ־ᶨҲǿʹࡣ
Ʒ缫ѹڱŰĺڰֻա
ԣڲ֮ʱƷľ嶼õ˳ɱԵǿƷյҲԽԽɡ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ƷǿĺڰգתΪԪڣƷĸоȫǿԪ
ʱƷѾȫԽԪھھûԪĻƷɱħн׼ǿȡ
ʼˣƷ簵ڳӴԪʼʼչԪھĵһγ
ţƷһеؽӤ״̬ҲȶӤںǿʵٽͻƵ㡣
һ׼֮Ʒ͵ıӴԪͬ˰ķӵӤ֮СӤõӴԪȻ
ӤھҵţϵǿţͻƵƺѾһٳƣһɿֲԪ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒ𵴿һɶĿĽ⣬ֲ͵ϮƷɫĸоӤеƺһɼǿԪҪ˳
𣡡
סƷͷŭһһ㣬ռ΢ƷԺܳĸо˿̵ƿһɶôǿԶԶԽԪӵе
˵ڵƷʵѾȵ֮ǰħ״̬ʱսӤӿһޱǿԪ
ڣƿԭؽӤ֮УһӤĽӤӤзֻ˳
ؽӤƷɹˣһξĳɹˣƷԪھͻƵԪھ硣
ɼ䣬һӰҫ۵Ľâ˳
ɫʰɫַŵĽ⣬һɼʥ֮ʱһͰϢƷ쳣С
ûƷĵؽػ
ػ߱κεĹػżǿػԶһεػƷľԷҪӵı̬
򵥵˵ƷԪھĻħ߽ǿߣԽػػɵĵס乥ֻػĵԪ٣ԲԵȥֵǿĹƷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ǽػػϾǿеĻҪʱûģֵͬĻƷѾ޵ˣħ߽ǿߣڲʹ£ƷҲԲܡ
ȻǶĻ˲һλħ߽ǿߵĻû⡣
˿̣ƷԪھһγɹԪھԪھһҲǱþγٷֻؽ
ԣƷħеĺڰ˷䣬ܼƿɷΪķݣһΪȹ̾磬յĺڰϵͣ춨ͻǰĻڶΪһξյĺڰǿһԴƣķݶһΪڶεĳ
ڣƷѾ˵һεĳƷҲŽеڶεĳڱչؾޣֽľ硣
ػɣδọ̈̄Ʒ粻ȥħеĺڰҲû洦Ʒ֮УڵؽӤǿȡ
ôһεıչأƷľ˽ʮʱ䣬ûʱռĴڣƷҪúķѶ೤ʱ䡣
չ֮ƷѾȫ˵ؽӤ壬Ȼ㿪ʼڶεľ
ţƷ㿪ʼħٶһǿĺڰһγ֮ʱҪһ
һοɲͬˣƷѾ̤Ԫھ磬ڵԪǿȣԪھʱԲͬεġ
䣡
ǿĺڰȻӿƷڡ
ȣƷڵԪǿ࣬ӿĺڰǺǿҲƷԪĳܷΧ
ԣƷɵı㽫ɺڰˣһǿ֮ȻתΪԪֳһǿԪ
ڵƷ˵ħеĺڰѣؼܲܳɹΪ˱ȫƷʱ׼˴ħպڰǵڶԳĻƷҲٶǿǺڰ
ţת֮ǿԪӵעӤ֮С
ӤѾọ̈̄ҲﵽƿǿԪӿ֮ʱӤ͵һйǿ֮ҪƳһ㡣
ƷǼҲһؽֻļƷ粻˶ΣԪСĻӤ֮С
䣡
һ죬ƷٶȱһǿϢһȦȦӲӵǿӿ˿Ʒ羪ϲĸӦӤֳɹֻһصĽ
һ£һӰƷ
ȫʻƽ֮ɫоһսһ㣬ǿսʱ̱Ʒ֮ʱƷ綼Īĸо
ؽ
ȫԽߵʵżǿıƷŵ˵ǼϿħȫ״̬Ļʵһսλħ߽ǿߣҲһܡ
ֻǣļ󣬱ػҪҲֻάʮӵʱѣȻԪĺܴҲڹؼʱſʹá
ؽɹֻƷٶȽ˱չأһεĳ
һεıչأķѵʱĸ࣬ȥ֮ࡣ
չеٶ꣬Ʒ粻˵ؽҲвٵľڵԪǿȸǿ
ڣħѾһݵĺڰҲǿĺڰƷʵɺڰѾȫԺɵˡ
£Ʒһٽħнкڰ壬תΪԪҪԶǰתҪࡣ
ȻƷ㼫ΪŵĽת֮ǿԪעڵӤ֮С
䣡
𣬽ⱬ䣬Ӥɹֻ˵ؽ
ؽֻʱƷ㾪ˣɫԵޱȵĿϲסһ


1396 
ؽΪ
˵Ϊ޵еĴڡʵƷͬȣڳԽһεľ֡
Ҳ˵һλʵﵽħ߽ǿߣȫеĹԴ޵еĴڣǺĶܽ˸ˣĵԪҲǱȽٵġ
ؽɹֻƷȫͻƵԪھ磬ΪԿħȫ״̬ԺɷħǿߣƷҲǽȻ塣
ɹͻƣƷҲ꣬չǱ˰ʱ䣬Ʒʽء
룬ʱռƷѾȹһǧ꣬Ѿȥˡ
ƷҲң֮󣬱ħΪƷݵλͬˣȻ˵ˡ
ˣСǶѾˡ
СֻΪȹ̾չأûͻƵħн׾硣סǧȹ߽֮ﵽƿҲܹͻƵħ֮
ƿ֮Уչ꣬ҲǺͻƵļ˶ȻбչؿޣƱҪͻħųص˼
ʱħ֮УСǶڸУҲбչأҪͻƵĻԺҪġСǳ֮˱һͬǵ񣬽һЩţǿǵʵ
ȻǸĻǾһˣǱչĻҲǹ˵ġ
һˣ
һϤЦħ쳹
˼֡
ǵģƷ
һ˲䣬ұѸپħ֮С
Сɫϲɫڴ֮УΪϤǴӴлġ
Ʒ磡
磡
СǼƷ磬ĺǧǻһЩƷľ⣬ֱƷ磬ƷҲǼΪϲġ
ϴǿɶˣһΪŰı˵
ƷƳ۱ȴǴϲõЦݣڴ˵ֻܽʱѣƷ˵ǿһǧĹ
ߣУôһԾʧ࣬һƷѾˣеĿ˼ڵõο塣
ǺǣȻˡƷͷһЦȻԸо˺ܳʱ䣬û뵽еĻҪôࡣ
ɲÿζƲ
ǺǣСͱˣƷֵⲻǻ𣿡Ц
ߣԲ´ΡȾȻ¶һ˿ɵӡ
ˡƷչһЦ
磬αչزǣСԵúܾȣΪƷԼޣСȻоƷǰȫǲһˡ
ͻˡƷƽĻص
ͻˣ
֮ɫŲʱ䣬ƷͻٶҲʵ̫̬˰ɡ
ǧǾӲһ£⻹ʱͻˣ֮ǰƷܺħʵͻ˵Ļڵʵֱж̬
ȻǧҲǰңƷȷһѡ
ʱѣ㡭ôͻƵģֱһˮ㵣ֱǲȥš
ֹأΪʱһֱʱռĻҲһǧʱˡƷЦ
һǧʱ䣬𺧵ƽ˲١һǧʱ䲻̣ħҲҲڶλƷĽٶˡ
磬ʵħѾû˻ĶˡСЦ
ħ֮Ժ󻹻ϸµǿСƷص
ٺ٣磬ʲôж𣿡СŰʵ
ҪԵĵ˿ܻڤ壬ħеĻԺҲҪʲôˣԺڤֵĻħ˵洦ƷһɫĻص
ߣҿڤЩһܹɱأءСߵ
ƷҡͷһЦ˵СȣҲþõˡ
ѾܾˡȻЦ
磬жҲȥڵʵΪ׸ɣС˷ܵЦ
ɲȥ£ҺСȥͿˡƷƳСɸСˮ
ޣǺðɡСһӡ
Ʒ磬ʲôʱߣȲʡ
ɣҵȥݷ÷ǰƷ
ҲȥЩǶ˷ǰչˣҲȥݷ÷ǰ˵
ǺðɣȹǱһͬȥɡƷЦ
СǵĻֻܼˡ
ʱգƷദҲǡ⡣
ֱգƷȱһͬǰħ֡
ħС֮ʱȱһû뵽ħľ޵ؾȻĶħ֣Ⱦû뵽ġ
Ʒ磬ô£ǰľ𣿡Ⱦʡ
ٺ٣Ȼ벻ɣƷЦ
ߣһǲ֪ˣȻûңȵƷ硣
ڲ֪𣿸ϽȥɣǰǶѾڵˡƷЦЦæȵС¡
֮ں֮ϡСжĪֻĸо
ƷǰƷСǰݷá
˵꣡
һϽһƬˮűӿֳһ޴УȫռƬˮķΧһƬ
ߡƷȵС֣ǵΣȴֺҸ˱ȥ
֮˱һƬ޾Ŀռ֮С
ɵˣˡһʵЦ𣬷ħһͬ
ȵĵħҲѲ²⵽ˣҲ⡣
ǰ˼ڲݷƷ繰ֵƷֻҪϿɵĳߣƷʹԺǿҲǻᾴڷħ
ǺǣҲ㲻ħЦЦ˼Ʒ磬ƺоʲôȻʵСֵܣǲͻˣ
ǰʱһֱڱչؾޣȽϺãǵõЩͻơƷЦ
㵹˵ͦɵġħƳƷ磬亹ȷʵǱƷֱ̬Ľٶȸסˡ
ɣħȣ͵һȻʣСȣǲҲ
ǰͻˡɶ˷ǰЩҵչˣСȸмЦʵҲΪηħԼ˵չˣֻһֱȥʶѡ
ؿСĻϷҲ⵽ˣ˵ҲԵɡħЦ𾪲ѣѾӦǿϢȻ֪ħû뵽ȿԳɹͻƵħ֮
⻰ɫһͣɫȻ֪ԼȵĲԽԽԶˡ
ʱע⵽˹ᣬϲŹЦ磬þòû뵽㣿


1397 
СȡᵭһЦ
ȸоЩ֣ʣ磬ôˣ
ǺǣʲôͷһЦ
Ʒ΢΢۹ᣬʲô˼Ʒ绹᲻ֻ֪ǾԲԹ˼ˣԹעǵҪʧˡ
Ǻǣû뵽ҲЦЦ
ϷӣһֱϷ򡣡ħЦ
ޣԭˡȵ˵ͷȻܹһλħǿΪӣɲʲô˶еĸԵ
ˣǰƷ˵˴ζΪġ
СѾħΪѾûʲôˡħ΢΢ͷ˵ضģλ˵ҲǼΪҪģҪõܻЩ鷳
ףʲô鷳ҶõõƷɫᶨ˵
Ϸ˵Ҳ鷳ħüͷ˵˵ĻλҲϷѣϷ˽ǵĸԣֻҪϷĻӦò̫鷳鷳˵Ļؾλ߷ͻ
ǰָ㡣Ʒ
ħ˵֮ڴΪħĵؽ磬ĻڣϷĻҲЩ취ǣԲ˺ǣħʱ򣬲ʲôǿɶҪͣҲ֮ˡ
ģƷһ㶣ⲻͯһ
֮ħ֣ص˵ڴڵ׾ĵؽ磬׾Ƣɲ̫ãΪսͻĿԺܴ󡣵㲻صģֻҪܴܵ׾ĻӦþͿԵõ֮ˣֻԲ׾ʲôԹ
ǰģǵòҲλ߽ʲôԹһú취ġƷص
ϷҲͷˡħ
Ǽ̡̱Ʒ˵
ȵȡħһ࣬ѵСֵܣħѾвٹĴţӺħ䣬ռݰħ壬ħǿʼעˡ
ħƷɻ
Ǻǣħ˽⻹̫ˡħ΢΢һЦħ֮Уڤ֮⣬ħһħΪħڣʵǿͳħ塣ǿΪڣҲħųǿ壬ʵħڤħսħͬƣǿĽ磬ǸˡǶħΪֽ񹫿ħ壬ǿħ·Ͻ·ʵħ֮ڿߣʮ֮ǰΪѾﵽħ߽׵ľ硣
ǶħôעأƷ粻ʡ
ħħ·ǴħΪҳϵĲ¡ڤħ彻Թ˶ǲħڲҡ˵Ѿħ֮£ħһֱЭħֳôĶңѾΥµĹ򣬶ħ˲ܻܣԺ¾ҪСġǿϷħ˽ʲôԹĻǶǻǶħ˵ⶼȫûкôģħĵˣڤ塣ħĳ˵
лǰĽ̻壬ǴҵĵߣһסԼġв˺ǵˣҲԲġƷ˵
ǺǣϷ˽СӵԸˣħ˵Щ֮£ϷλҲߵġԴǰУԲֳʲô¶ˣȻϷλҲˡħЦЦҲǶƷһεѡ
ǾͶлǰչˣǰ֮ԣƷġƷħ֮󣬵ƾԼ໹ǲӦģħܹվԼߣƷҲǺܸмġ
ǺǣǿԳˣףǺˡħЦ
ǻ֮ݷǰƷ繰ֵ
ǰǿɾȸˡȸֶһɫԵʧеĹЦ磬ǿɾˣټ
СȣСĵ㡣һЦ
ЦЦƷһͬ뿪ռ䡣
ߺ󣬹ݺݵսȭͷ
ħб۹ᣬʵôЩʲôأ
ס̧ͷ˵Ҫչأ
ôˡħŹᣬڹҲǷǳġ

ħ֣Ͽ֮Ʒڿա
Ʒ磬ԶȥȲʵ
ƷѰ˼˻˵Ǳ֮ǻ֮ħһض׻⡣Էǰԣλߵĸ˵ҾñħӦȽ鷳ȥħɡ
á
߰ɡ
˵꣬˱űħĵؽ磬ٶȥ
ħؽ磬Ϊħ塣
ħ壬ħб֮أҲ磬˵Ϊ䣬棬ͨҲڱз档
磬شΧ󣬷ԲǧȻռ˼ĵΧħȺҲǼ˿ڣദĵطںϡ֮ء
ƷȵٶȣҲķ˽ʱ䣬ڵ˱硣
̵ĸо¼Ϊ֮ߣѩ׷ɣ鴦ǻѩ֮أҰ׵Ѫҫ֮£ԵһƬҰ֮ɫżɭϢ
ԣѩָеĸо
Ļ˵ˣЩľ洦ɼıһʵıɽͬ⵶һ㣬ͦƬ֮С
ʱƷڿգҰ׵ѩϵĴǵϣܣһ۰֮ڣȻûиӦκһ˿Ϣ
ǱôһӰ㵣ħĵط֮ǰһƬ֮رȷʵ˾òӦ
ǺǣֻǱΧɣȻʲôڡҸоΧ»ҪͣǽĻͨǿ߶Խ룬˸ԴͨǳڱħֱˡƷ΢΢һЦоһЩħ󣬲Χ֮͡
ͦġľǻǰĻȻ߽ܵܲ涼Ǹ⡣
Ǻǣ߰ɡƷЦЦȵĻԶԶδܵӰ졣
ҵˣʡ
оˡƷڵĻǿȣнħڵĻƷĻҲ̽ѰǧķΧ
ƷǰԶһƬѩɽȺȥ
ڣ˴ζΪܹħƷҲԵɢһЩϵϢΪħбħ


1398 ħ
Ӹ߷ۿȥŰѩɽ壬İԵʮҫۡ
ѩɽ೤ĲĻµѩɫӨ޲͸Ρѩɽգΰ׳ۡ
ѩɽ֮УѩƮ裬ȴĸо
ʱƷѾѩɽȺ֮У֮ãȴûбΧ͡
ǣѩɽ֮ڣȻĺ֮УȴŲϳ˿˿ůܹΧ뵽ĻӰͲܴˡ
ŲϵѩɽȺ룬صѩɽƺǰзֿȻһĻԴС
кܴؽ֮ҲǲֶáԵޱȣΪˮ죬ڰзžӨĹâû뵽ħ֮УɾĳС
ȻǱħˡ
˳ǣܻصѩɽˡ
Ըоĳס˿ڣĺǢܺгƷһνħĻƷԲħ硣
Ⱦ̾һ԰ӣҲλŮӣľɫȻȻĶ
ĺҲȫû󵽱ħǻǸɫĵطƷҲһľ֮̾ɫʵƷһ
ԺԵĻĺסһ˵
ǺǣԵġƷ΢΢һЦҲĶˣֵڿɲȥЩʱǻȽǰɡ
΢΢ͷҪһˣʣˣƷ磬ǰ˵ҪҪھô߽Ļôܼħأ
ˡƷһЦ
ˣô֪
Ǻǣ֮ǰǰ͵͵ĸһŽָƷЦ
ôûиң
ûʣԱûи㡣ƷڨڨһЦ
ƳƷ磬һʼ֮ɫ˵һأǰôͻأô顣ʵǰ׻Щʲô顣
ƷЦЦæȵǾ޴ˮзȥ
ȱȥ׷ʲôģͻȻƷסɫúģҲģҪʵ綼׿˾ȥˡ
֮ǰħǶƷرѹħǷħѣƷǲȥ˱ħ
֮Ʒ˱ڳ֮
ȻħĽ䱸ҲǷǳɭϵģ֮Ľڳ֮ˣһǼǰ˳ǵġҾħǣҲҪǿʵȻΧˡ
ЩħˣδͬС죬ǳɫķΣʬһ㣬ɫ޸飬Ұףϲϵɢһɱĺ

ǰЩȻһƷǾȻ֣㼴ǳ֣أϾħǵˣʵ˼
ΪˣƷҲǸ˱ħӣûֱӴħУһλ͵ǰΪҲǸħһӡ
λǣһλǰ޸ɫʵʵⲢǲƣֻǳסط֮䣬Żһĸо
Ǻǣͣ˴ǰܷ᰾УҪƷѺõЦ˵ֳһſͼɫָݹλ˵Ƿ᰾߸ҵ
λԵúľʶƷĲҷ᰾ħĹϵǿǷǳƷлзħȻضԴ
Ǻðɣҵݱ΢޷ｻħˣұýｻǵ峤λȥ峤ɡλӹ˵
ǺðɡƷصͲǺܼ
ţλӱϹϾӭƷȥܹħǵͣҲϵΪλӶƷŻԵ˵Ĺ
ǰЩҲǷƷǵ˵Ļû˻ƷĶ֪֡ƷǵĿ֮ЩҲȻùǿ۵ﶼܵ𾴵ġ
Уоǽһɫͷס˿续硣ķɸɫľʯ죬Ѥѩɫ֮УԵޱȵ
Ȼħǵ˲罻ﻹԵֵģӶܼ࣬ħбȽϺ֮رΣÿһǾϸԲܱȼġ
ȿۻңҲģҪעϵ⣬Ȼ޲úúõתϼء
ħҲͦģƾ鴦ʯķᣬͿɿסǶôĸˡĻƷ˵Ļǳ㣬Աǿ˼
ԣħУҲй淶ԵĳǾʵǿ϶ѾﵽħʵħڳʵϱȣħǵŵϺš
ڣƷϵķβ֮ͬʱΧ˶ԿĽƷǣҲԵúܾȣҲм־ηħǵͣʵƽ
ֻǣڵ뻷أЩ˵ϺκεЦݣһģȱʧһָưĸо˲Ǻա
Ʒ磬ԵĻúϼ죬ʵ̫ˡȼĴ
Ǻǣȵõ˱֮δⲻԡƷ簵ĻЦ
̫ˡϲЦţִʵƷ磬ǰ˵ħɲôӦ˵𣿡
ȻƷ簵ħ֪˵ĿģҲǾԸӦǵϢݣзǰҪħĻѣѵǱ֮
Ҳǡ΢΢ͷ
ţá
ֱƷǸλһ޴Ի͵Ĺ֮ǰ⹬ĹʽȻǲ˵ˣħоҲҲڶݻĹ
λˣԵƬ̣ȥ峤λ˵֪ƷѾħݣǾͲô鷳ˡ
õġƷЦЦѾǷǳˣħӣƷ˹
ӱ㼱Ҵҵȥ
ƷҲԼ꣬ÿһɶǷǳľȫԵƷƷҲ°ǰĹ
ԼĪ˽ʮӡ
֮ڣӭҴҵһˡ
ͷ֮ˣλΪֵӣʶնյģϵķ⻹Ժܿſڻȥˮͦġ
˵ǣλӣΪѾﵽ߽׵ľ硣
룬Ҳ֪λӭķӱǱħ峤ˡ


1399 ħ
ʱǷӴһ˹
ɼǷﻹƷǿŽָƷǵʱҲľһ߽׵ľ磬Ȼȫ͸Ʒǵʵǳ͸ˡ
ǺãǱħ峤Ԫӭλ˵ĵвܣλ¡ǷЦǻ
Ԫ峤ãƷ磬ܷУҪ̡Ʒ˵ħߵݶһλ˿ħӦûаɣƷħж
Ʒ磡㡭Ʒ磿ԪԵüΪĳԾնյӻסһһΪ𾪵ĺȻɫ
֪ңƷɻ˵ħӦǸյ磬ұԼҲԶôϢᴫϢҲȫ֮ġ
ǺǣƷˣ֪Ѵħ磬᲻֪أԪЦƷĳƺѾˡ
ЩˣǾͲ˵֪Ʒ֮𾪲ѣһηɫ
ǿɷħƷ粻ʣƷ˵Ҫ⡣
ԪԵЩΣǸЦǺǣħ˻ڱչ֮УʱδλƷ⣬һȥħλڴ˵أǾԻúдλ
ƷЩΪ˵õֻ֮ˣǺðɣǿɾ鷳峤ˡ
鷳Բ鷳ܽӴƷˣǵҡԪЦηİ˵λɡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷԪ빬
⹬֮ȻƷҲȥˣԱħǲԼʵˣȻԸҲǹģħԲô˵ˡ
ƷǱ㰲ŵ˹Ϊ߹ס
ڱԪĻ֪Ʒֻ֮ȥͨһˡ
ס֮УѾŭɫˡ
Ʒ磬ħҲʵ̫˰ɣҲŲڱչأҿǴĵǡ˵
ǺǣСˣǸǰӰɣ㲻Ǻ𣿾Ȼڱħǳȥ䣬Ҳ͸͸ƷЦ
ۺۡǺӰ㻶ȸԾ
ҿҪõ֮ҪİɡƷ簵Ƴȡ
ǡȻֱ׳Ц
˵ҲħˣôСŮ˼ƢԡƷҡͷ
ϲܵ𣿡ɴ㳶Ʒȥ
ƷҲû취ֻڳйˡ
Ʒɾ͵úˣû뵽ȹֱԭеЩŮǻҪӵķ
˺ļգƷǱڱħãħǶѾˡΪƷǵ⣬ЩڼƷǵʱҲԵ쳣𾴣˭ҲȥƷ硣
һҲˣȻչôΣûƷۡ
Ȼڱħ飬ƷҲջ𣬶ȥˣħһϢûˣҲʵ̫ˡ
ҪΪħǷħѣƷҲħֳʲôìܣҪȻƷֱǿˣõô
ȵν㣬ħôҲ䲻һ㣬⼸죬Ĺˡ
ֱֹ˼죬ƷѾЩͷˣȶЩˡ
ãԪеҵƷǡ
ƷˣԪϲɫ˽
峤ǲǱҪˣƷֱʵɫԵЩá
Ԫ£оƷ绰ЩرζȴûȥʲôЦǺǣǵģħѾˣλҶ
ƷͷЩҲƵģǱħǷħѣƷħҲûʲôøˡ
ƷűԪȥ
ȥ֮ڱħеκһطڱħ֮⡣
˲ãһʵѩɽ֮¡
ѩɽߵһѩɽһƬƬһ㣬ѩɽޱȣֱĸо
еǣѩɽ֮£¼͡
Ʒ˫ǰյѩɽԸоѩɽ֮һǿĽ󣬽ԶԶԽķ룬Ǳħıչ֮ˡ
ʱԪͣ˲յѩɽħˣλѾ
˵꣡
䣡
һ죬ѩɽҵҡ𵴿ѩμ侪һ񾢵ѩƮ衣
䣬һҰɫĹâѩɽв֮ҫͽȻѩ֮䣬һ޴Ķڡѩ֮Ǿ޴ڣɭޱȵĺǶӿɢ˳
ţԪתƷ˵ƷˣħڶеȺλҾͲλȥˡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷȵСȣǽȥɡ
ƷǱವһֱӳǶ֮С
붴Щİ¸ͣһĺӶеϮƷƽûչ֮£Ҳһ¡
һɬڱƷֻţе쳣ů
Ʒһȣ롣
ȻƷҲľħħ˵ǷǳˣƷɲħĵ
ȻŶĲ룬μһǿϣǰɭɭĺ⡣
Ʒ簵һͷųڵԪԼȵⲼһ㻤ԪǰС
ڣߵ˶
Ȼʣǰһ޴Ķ鴦貵ıʯɫʰ쵣ⶴÿһʽǳ£ԼټĶ֮Уһι״ѩֱǻһ㣬ӦǳԱħĽ˲̾û뵽ħȵ£ƷҲЩħлµʵ̫ˡ
о̾ţͽȻһǿĺֱƶԾǳƷġ
Ʒ˲䷴Ӧ˹˳һǿԪɵı㽫ɺ⿪ˡ
ߣĴ֮𣿡ƷӦħĻҪ̫Ļŵ
Ʒ磡Ȼһϵڶ쳹һĻҰɫĹâҫ
â֮УԼһµ˳
λߣһͷɵİ׷ϡϡ裬ʣһǺ֮ͯ߰ɫһʵǿλߡİСƤЦģûӡƷûħֱǸͯ
λùɫߣǱħ֮ħ


1400 Լ
ǰλͷƷеŭֹ࣬ͷĻƷ練Ӧ
ߣͷ汰ɣȻ͵Ϯǣȴ
ħ£ƺȵĻе쳣ȣȻζĴЦ벻СŮ޵ĵӵͦģħиҽͷ˿û
У˵ǰ͵ϮЩ󱲣˵ȥ𣿡ȺĻص
ֵǣħҲӣЦٺ٣СŮ޿ԽԽȤˡ
ٽСŮޣͷҲòȥȵűħ
ϷʮǰħˣѵСŮ޻𣿡ħͻȻְ˵ȷ黹졣
Ʒɲħ̸ǱȽϿ˵ûǰղСȶеǰ¡
⻹ࡣħųİ׺ЦֵƳȡ
һӣɴ˦ͷȥ
ǰǰҵ˰ɣƷ粻ʵ
˵ħԵüΪĳԾбֳǿŽָʵСӣѵ㲻֪ʲô
Ʒһ㶣ǰ֮ʱҲûʲô
ɻ䣡ħɫ
ɻ䣿Ʒɻ
ȵԵ÷ǳ𾪣ס㡭˵аеһʧʮɻ䣿
ûħ˵ɻаħΪĽаħʱ죬Ҳʱƽ޴ﵽħƷɻΪаħΪصа
ôڻڷǰƷ粻ʡ
ħҡͷ̾Ϣһ¶ʹ֮ɫ˵аħԹƧҪ֮ѣֵܱаħΨһѡݷֵ˵аħڤɷ֣֮ΪɷҲҪɻ䣬ɻаħ֮ǰ㽫ɷֵܱܡ
ɷҼˣƷ簵һʣǰɻ䵽ΪɷΪҪõɻ䣬ȻҪȥаħߣ
аеһԲͽģνɻ䣬Žָڶֺ޷֮£ȫɶֵꡣħ֣ص˵
ɶֵ꣡Ʒһɶµаѹɷ᲻ϧȥаħҪɻ䡣
ϷɾͲˣϼһﾹȻὫ˹صĶ͸㣡ħ㵵˵
͸ңƷȻεЦǺǣǰˣɻֻΪѡ
ɻѾ᰸ĨȥʶֻǸڶѣĿΪ˽ɻ͸㣬νɻʱʶ־Ϊһ壬ˣĨȥʶȻɻԲܴжߡΪɻܹ죬ûѡħ˵ȥԸо
˵꣬ħ㽫ɻ׹Ʒ硣
ƷǺ棬㽫ɻˣԻӦȷʵǴԼӦһصϢϢɻȫͨġ
ȻƷɫһĸж벻֮ɫħԼҲʵ̫չˣȻ˹صĶ͸ԼаħƷƱǱˡ
ˣϼһｫ˹֮ｻΪΪ£ħһӡ
˴ȷʵҪǰƷ˹ǰȣȻԱħ˵ǰλСȣҵѣڤʴڱ֮֮ſ˶Դ˴ǰҪǰڱ֮
ʴħԵúܾȣ۶ȣʣ֣СŮôڤʴأʴǷǳ£ħʵԲҳȥʴ
ҵȻȻôͷУһΣٽСŮޡ
СŮ컹ͦӲģѵ֪ڿңħζЦ
Ҳˣ㲻һͲҪˡȶ
ƷȣűħЦǺǣǰ£СֻǿЦѡ
ˡħ˵֮ʮſɿϷΪϷûϼһôģⶫϷǾԲǵġ
Ʒæ֪ǰ˵ǳҪǰкҪĻƷ綨˵ʵ̫Ҫˣǰܹ
˵ˣϷǾԲǵġħ˦ֱֵӴƷĻ
ͷӣǸӲŸô㲻ǻҪˣŭѣƷ˵Ʒ磬ߣ
㡣ħֱӱ
Сȣ£Ʒѿȵ֣ʵǰҪſɴ͸Ǳ֮ҪʲôƷ綼Բԥ
ǺǣʲôħתһЦӡ
ȼħǸаЦݣвɴ˸æƷ磬ǲҪˣ˭֪ͷЩʲô⡣
СŮޣ⻵ϷûУϷҪֻҪܹҵĻΪϷǿԽ֮õġħֽЦ
ʲôƷ缴ʣֻҪܹ붫ΪĻƷ;ûˡ
ħѰ˼˻ЦǺǣܼ򵥣ϷҪһٸХӥĹ𣬻һٸҽ֮ǣұ֮ɡ
ãû⣡ƷˬĻص
Ʒ磡ɵе֪ж𣿷ХӥħΪϡеħޣ棬ΪƻҪõХӥͷϵĹֵ÷ХӥﵽΪŭʱſֳ˵һٸһѡҽޣΪӲʯʯ֮УҪҵҽ޶ѣ˵ҵһٸҽ֮ǣһ֮ɣϼһľڵǣ
ûϷǵôţ֮˹أʹǵõЩҲԶԶȲϱ֮ļֵħĻص
Ʒ磬ϼһʵ̫ˣҲҪٸˣŭѣһҪְӡ
԰֪֮ҸҾԵı֤ûϷĻԶò֮ħĻص
СȣƷݺݵĵȣűħ˵ǰҽˣ֮ڣһὫЩ
Ʒ磡㡭ֱš
Сӣɱ̫ţҪõЩǷǳãġħɰĳƷ硣
Ǻǣ֪ϣǰҲҪسŵƷЦ
ȻϷԲſڿӣֻҪܵõЩ˵Ǳ֮ԸǣϷΪͣħؿЦ
ãû⣡ƷӦַˣЩܵǿʹʹĽˣҲɺúõĽѵħһ
ߣСӣӦô죬ҪҲĻܵΪⳡԼ۰ɣħƻĶƷ硣
ûͨǰԺˣƷص
ãһΪħϲЦ
ŲҪҿûӦȼĿ
Ʒȣһر˼
£ȻҪЩֱǲܵ飬֪ΪΣƷиоһţԵš
ţȱЭ˵ǡǺðɡ
ǺǡƷ΢΢һЦԱħֵǰǿɾ͸ˣ֮һġ
ٺ٣ϷɾףǺˡħհЦһóѰӡ
ƷȱѸٵ뿪˱ħ塣


1401 Хӥ
뿪ħǣصΧ
Ʒ磬̫嶯ˣΪʲôҪӦͷ֪֪ǷǳġҪǣͷûκεôɶļһﻹҸǣˣҲŲҪΪǶϼһūͣʵ
Ǻǣ˭˵Ǿͻϼһūͣ黹һءƷһЦ
ߣҲ֪ʲôϷͲܵ飡Ⱥߵ
ȱ˵Щˣа취ƷЦЦʣХӥҽȻУħطôܸûмֻɣ
⵱ȻУɶҪһٸһҪɡ˵죬궼ܣ˵
𼱣ħȽ˽⣬ȴҵХӥʼɣĿԻȽϴ󣿡Ʒƽʵ
ХӥأȻܿԣоԵԣħ˻ҪӵĽƻХӥʵǿԿӵʵХӥԼΪ°ϲڸ߷ۣ֮չ᰿裬ԷХӥܴڵĵط壬ǿħеĵһ߷壬˵صĻԼĪɡһɫ˵
ǾȥɡƷ˵
û⣬ζԼʧ˵ĻҾͺһϣˣ˵
СƷˬһЦ
㡭ÿҪץ
ڣ˵ؾ弫Զ·ƽٶҲûһʱ䣬Ϊ˾ϵ壬Ʒ㽫֮С
ƷУ⣬ٵķɳ۶ȥ
Ʒ˲ԾٶȣԾ·̣Ʒȫ֮¡Ŷ̶ʮӵʱ䣬ƷϵķΧ
һ£Ʒ㽫ȸ˳
ˡƷЦ
ˣô죿ԼȫеĻҲûһʱɣƷ羹ȻһСʱã֮塣
Խܣչȥ
Ȼǰ֮һյĺɫɽ塣ɽƣԼصƲڷ嶥֮˴Ϊֹ̾
ɽ壬һѾ޴֮УȾգʯᾣͿκεĻݹľ
ȻȻĻҲʲôܹ棬Խ嶥֮ȼߣ쫷Ϊҵһֻ
ûˡ
һɫȻ˵⴦طȴûһȷʵˡ
ʲôѾожˡƷͻȻ˵
һ㶣ƺûȫӦ
ȻҪҵĶƷЦԸо嶥쫷֮һӰӰٶȼ죬ܹڷ֮УǴﵽħʵͲ
Хӥʡ
ȻֻˡƷص
ţ˱סϵϢֱ嶥ȥ
壬֮ߣ嶥֮ʱļܹ쫷ǿ㲻Ӱ쵽Ʒǡ
ʱҲоˣǻҵ쫷֮УȷʵǲһϢ쫷мٵţӦþǷХӥû
ХӥȻʵǿ壬ֻдﵽħпܻûΪ״̬ХӥϲǿгУ˵һʽ
ԸоֻХӥѾ߱н׵ʵٶȵĻԲȾﵽ߽׵ħ
ʱƷȲ֮ϵϢԷХӥֽȫƷǵĴڡ
Ʒ磬ХӥǷǳĽƻǵʵǿĻͻƻߡХӥñΪŭʱͷϵĹŻ˳ǵԸХӥȫû⣬Ҫ׷ŭĻеѶȡ
ȥԿɡƷ΢΢ͷѹڵʵ͵ı쫷гӹȥ
ಣ
Ʒ쫷֮УǿӿϮ޷谭Ʒж˫һƷס˷Хӥĳй켣
һ£ƷǹŵĺӰǰ
ǵӰоƷĴڣʵǱһܵľ֮£һǿĴƷɨ˹
Ʒ޾ɫֱһƻ˹ȥҲǿƵõԶ÷Хӥ˿ХӥǾûġ
أ
һ죬һ֮쫷бֳһ޴ĺӰƷһƻ˳ȥ
Ʒ綨һǰԶƮһ޴ĺӰһ˫޴ĳѪɫӣ罣ĳӣЩŭĶƷ硣
ûǰǷХӥˣֻûдﵽŭĶ㣬ͷϵĹҲȫûֳ
ǺǣΪŭֻǶԲסˡƷ簵һЦֱӵİ취ǾȥŰХӥŭ
Хӥһŭѡ
Ʒɫһ䣬
ȻƷɵ۵ǣǷХӥƺоƷʵвƵŭһȻͺһʧˡ
ˣƷסˡ
˵ûôװɣֺǺǵƳƷ˵˵Хӥܽƻˣ𿴵׶һֻӲҪǸоԾĻһͻܵˡ⵽޴ĻҲֻ³Բǿǰŭ
ǻе鷳ƷƲѡ
ôһˣ뵽ʲôð취𣿡ȷЩֻĵ٩
һûأа취ˡƷаЦЦ
뵽ʲôעˣȺʡ
Ʒ绵Ц
Ʒһȥ
һ£Ʒ屳֮
ȻвߴҲޱȣЩι״ұڣﻹеǣһ˵Ƿǳѷֵġ
֮Хӥ˳Ϊ㵵ǣоȻһֻХӥĴڡ
Բ²⣬ղƷӴֻХӥӦֻӥǴķХӥΪĸӥΪﻹиѨѨźüֻӥ
ֻӥӦǸоΣգĸӥţƺҪﳷ롣
Ʒܹ֮뵽зХӥĳѨԭеʱƷЩϰҲЩ˽⡣ХӥΪһӥ֮࣬ءһ˵ӥ֮УܹػĻгѨڴˡ
ֵ˷ХӥĳѨּӥڵĻƷһ⣬ȻȽϲ̣Ҳ÷Хӥŭİ취
ƺ뵽ƷҪʲô⣬ΪʵƷ磡㲻ЩСһɣ
ȻȻʲô취÷ХӥŭأƷص
ߣҪǸ˺ЩСһҸû꣡ŭ
Ǻǣ벻ħŮͦͬĵ𣬲İɣǾԲ˺ЩСһġƷЦֻõҪĶѣҲûҪɱǡ


1402 շ
ХӥȻǿ֮ʱȴ¶ΪĸϣֻҪвԼĺӣʹǿĵˣҲԲηӡ
ȱϾλŮӣЩС֮ģҲԲȥ˺ȷЩСӥˣﻹƷǳ
ߣСĵ㣡ŪЩСһȺߵ־˼
ˣһעģҲûôءƷҡͷ
ộĻص
ƷƳȣᣬǷХӥĳѨȥ
ʱӥĸӥҲƺѾˣҪЩǵĺӳ˼
һ£ƷͻȻǳѨ֮Уֱ˳ֻХӥǰһֻСӥȻ˻ȥ
ֻХӥһ£˻һȻתƷĻǵĺӣСӥֵߴߴš
ʱʢŭѡ
ӥ֮ǰֹǿ֮ʱɫ¶һ˿ηƷ绳Լĺ֮ʱԭη̼䵱ȻȫޣŭĳƷХš
ĸӥûƷ罻ֹԼĺӱᣬԵĸƷеΪķŭ
ϧǣĸӥûйģֻΪ߰ڵӥǹƷҪñǼŭӥ
Ǻǣ˼СһҵôˡƷЦЦ㴧Сӥ׼ȥ
ӥĸӥŭѣٵı˳ȥһһΧסƷ磬ſǷӴţƺںȳƷ黹ǵĺӡ
ȶһߣѣƷĶСӥΪҪЮҲֱҧһǺƷˡ
ƷᣬڵעڻеСӥڡΪֻСӥĺܴ
ӥĸӥ͸оƷڰǵĺӣֻԼĺԵúʹڽţ۶ӷŭ
ڣӥҲѳֲסеŭˣһչ˫ֱƷ˹ȥ˫ȶһâϮƷ硣
ĸӥҲʾӥһͬƷչ˼лХϮȥ
ƷԭزͽȻ𵴿һǿϢϮâԱݻ٣ȫ˺Ʒ硣
ӥĸӥʶƷʵǿԶǵ֣ԼĺӽеƺԽӵʹ࣬еŭֹסı
ಣಣ
ӥĸӥֱ˹Ҳ˲ˣֻҪԼĺӶѡ
ƷĲֻ̣ܵõӥĹ֮ٺúΪˡ
ʱӥĸӥֱܲƷһֳɨȥμһɾֱӽӥĸӥ˳ȥ
Ʒ簵һЦоͲˣӥѾǷǳŭˡ
͵ģƷͻȻǳѨȥ
һ£ƷǳѨ֮УмֻСӥھֵš
ӥĸӥĻΪŭӥеŭҲѹֲסǳѨпԼеĺǣ˻һŭﵽ˼¡
䣬ӥͷ֮һѪɫĹâһֻѪɫĹ˳
ڣӥѾ˷ŭļ㣬ͷϵĹҲ˳ӥͷϵĹ𳤳֮ʵҲŷŭ
𣡡Ʒϲɫڽӥ׵ļŭˡ
ӥŭХһ⣬۶ĸӥȻðʲô𣬵ΪȥԼĺǣҲŭֱ˹
ڣƷ˫һסǳеӥ
ֱӥĸӥʱ
͵ģƷڱһǿѹԵ壬ֱӽڷŭеӥĸӥסˡ
֮䣬Ʒ˲ӵӥһֱӽӥͷϵĹ˳
ӥʹһĸӥľ֣ܹһ˲佫ɽˣǿԵģƷʵжôǿǿħǿߣǿȫ
ƷõӥͷϵĹϲĿѾﵽˡ
ӥĸӥ֪ǵʵƷǰԵôı΢Ʒ磬ƺڿƷ粻Ҫȥ˺ǵĺӡһ򽾰ķХӥҲˮ
ƷӥĹЦǺǣǷİɣǲ˺ǵĺӵġȻҲ˺ǡ
˵꣬ƷĽеСӥǳѨ֮УֻԭСӥڵõƷϴ񣬱ûԾҲǰǰĴˡ
ӥĸӥɲɵӣɫͣһŰɫȻԼӵı仯ҲȻƷڰǵĺӡ
ǣʵ̫ˣôƷͻȻȥǵĺأ֮ǰƷļƸûκκӡ
תƷӥĸӥЦǺǣղűǸˣΪⶫ˵ʵ̫ҪˡǷģһԴ˶ǲ
˵գƷڵԪעӥĸӥڡ
ҪܵģԪӿ֮ǵȻǿţ㵵ʥϴ
ԭˮ̼㻯Ϊĸм
ϣƷӥĸӥڵĽ
⿪֮ӥĸӥǴһ㣬ѹ֮󣬱ߴߴĽţƺڶƷʾĸм
Ȼʧȥ˹𣬶ӥΪһӰ죬õƷԪϴ֮ӥǿ࣬ܵ洦
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵ǺǣǶǵĲɣҲΪղŵΪǵǸһ£ȸˡ
˵գƷʧ
һ̣ƷصȵǰЦǺǣôɣ
ȵƷ磬㻹еġ
ƷڨڨһЦղӥĸӥΪȥԼĺӣǲƷ粻̾˵ĸ飬ԶҲȲЩࡣ
ߣ֪ͺãղ˺ǣ˵ǣңҲƴߵ
ˣǸȥһˡƷε
ȵȡһ㶣ֱȥ㿴
ƷͷֻӥڲԶƮţҲ֪Ǻʱ֣Ʒǡ
ڸм㣬û𣿡ȵ
֪Ʒ˵ͷ
ǺǣѾշˣ㡣ЦЦ˵ХӥħпǷǳеģɡ
ƷѰ˼˻ʵֻӥʵǲģھԼԪϴ֮£ѾҪͻƵ߽׾ˡ
ȹȥɡƷ˵
ţƷȱֻӥ֮ǰ
ӥƷ˹һΪӣΪмѾеİԣĶƺٱҪƷǡ
ƷӥţЦʣǺǣҪ𣿡
ӥͷ˿֮ɫ
ðɣҾɡƷЦ
Ʒ֮ӥǼĻһ
̣Ʒӥ㶨ԼɲԼƽȵԼ͸ֻӥжˡ
ȻƷ絣ӥ뿪֮ĸӥЩСӥ˱ƷҲף֮һǿĽ磬һħߣҪƿҲҪ鷳ƷҲõˣЩСӥɳˣҲᱣԼˡ


1403 Ѱҽ
ХӥշƷ˵ҲһջХӥδдﵽħΪƷڷХӥҲǷǳڴġ
Ʒ磬ǵõˣǻоʮŸأڻôңȲʡ
ˣѾ㹻ˡƷҡֵ
㹻ˣ󣬼ʣ˵⵽Щʲôӣ
ǺǣȻȥ֮ˡƷһЦʣڻǸҽҪĴڼʱȽϴ󣿡
ҽޣΪΪӲʯħ֮УʯҵΪӲҲΪĵطţħءȻص
Ǻǣ֪Ļ𡣡ƷЦ
Ȼ˵ħҲһˣǰͺĴʱ򣬶ħ֮¿˽ⲻ١ȵĵ
ðɣھ̸ϹȥɡƷ˵
ȵȡɫ֣ص˵ţħħ֮Уһȫ壬ħеκشƫԶ˵ţħҲħǿģʵӦòţħһǼӭǴ˴ַǵأӦûЩ鷳
壬װˣƷɲʲô࣬ҪЩһﲻӵĻһ᲻ѵǡƷݺݵ˵
ߣ˵㲻ءȱƷ硣
ǺǣҲÿɡƷЦЦ˵ǿֻʱ䣬ҿ治뵽ʱЩ鷳ȸϽȥɡ
ͷֵβ棬Ҫ㡣
ðɡƷṳ̋ϣͷЦǺǣɡ
ϲȥ
ҡƷ
ʲô㣿ӵɵúܴߺ죬ʵƷһ
ɱڡƷһЦ
͵£Ʒ𽣣ǰС
ֱһû뵽ƷٶȾ֮죬֮£ֽסƷ磬쵰
綼ˣⲻ£ƷЦ
㡭ԼѾ§סƷ磬ɫЩߺ죬ɱƷʵıϣůůġ
ಣ
ƷУɵĸ߿֮ϣһգ۱ȥ
ţħأҲǴħзǳ˵һطħ綼ϵˣԲŻȥƷǡ
ڣǱħҪַ˰ɡܹƷΪ˵ĻǿǶ°
ãûһСʱƷǱ㵽ţħء
ˡƷͣ𽣣ն
ԵЩįЩʧɿ˫֡
ٶȿ죬ô죬Ҳϼһ˵̲ס
ǺǣѾ˵˺ܶˣҵʱа취ˡƷһЦ㿪ʼţħе
չȥ¿մԲĵطһƬİй˸еϢѹְϢ
ȻԼ鴦¶ʯɽʯΪں֮ɫʯħнΪӲĺʯ
иȽֵǣѲ³ţħҲǿᰮڵ洦ɼЩܣһЩЩдСԽʯɽܳһ޴СҲЩһߵС
һȥЩʵ죬󣬶ϡ٣ƷԻ֮̽ãܹоϢǳ١
ôӰûУ˵ţħ˿ڣ⸽ʮ֮ȻǶûСư˵
ǿĽƣȻҵĻһǣĽƶԿռǿҲ˵ҵ޷ʹˣ⸽ţħڻƷɫܹԼĻƷΪţħ˼
ȻôǿĽƣԵúܳԾʣ
Ǻǣҽ޵ģµģֻҪȥƻĽƾˡƷЦ
ҽ䣬ܹʯ֮УôʯңǸôңƵ鴦Ǻʯöۻˡ
ûиоЩŹ֣ƷͻȻʵ
Ź֣ɻѡ
ƷͷѰ˼Щ죬һһĹɣҲ룬ЩĲñƵγɣŻǿ
ЩҪҵҽ޳ʲôϵȲʡ
ǺǣЩǽеÿһĻҽǸܲЩеģֻҪѰû½ƵôͿܻҽĵطƷЦ
˵õǣôô֪Щûб½ƣʵ
ҵĻȻȥĽƣҵĻȴǿԸоʵǿҵĻֻҪҲȥЩƵĻǾ;ԲҵĻ̽ѰƷص
ĺʯ̳󣬾û½ƵҲô󰡣Ĳһ鷳Ȳͷ˵
ǺǣҽӦòСɣôĻΧӦҲЩСаɣҽӦûЩʯɽ̳ɵЩɽʯСЩɽʯȻ٣нƲǷǳ࣬ڱомЩɽʯκεĽơƷЦǴЩɽʯҰɣӦûܴ󡣡
Ҳֻˡ̾
ƷչɨӣȥЩƣСɨ˷ԲķΧԸоЩɽʯ֮УԼĪжʮɽʯûнơ
ƷȣѭЩû½ƵɽʯһѰңֻҪûнƵĻƷɴ󷽵ȥѰ
һûС
ڶûС
Ȼֱʮһ˿ûиоɽʯκϢĻ
ȿˣ˵Ʒ磬˵ҽ޻᲻綼ţħ˸ɱˣ
ӦòܡƷ˵㿴֪ˣţħ˶ĻȫûųģܽһЩеΪȻ٣Ǹûܵκε˺Ļ⣬ܹħ˵ҲǷǳٵġ
ҲǣʣµҲˣҰɡȵ
ҲĻͱȽ鷳ˣֻܴЩСѰˡƷ˵뵽ħ湻ݵģֶõ
ţѰ˼ɽʯȻһ
ͻȻһ׶ĺ֮ʱƷͻȻͣ
ҵˣƷϲ
һ㶣չħǾ޴ĺиӦȥȴǸо˼ǿϢҽ޲ֹһֻΪȺԵĴڡ
̫ˣջͦġȼЦ
ֻҪһֻ㹻ˡƷҡͷ
һֻȿɾȫˡ
ֻҪһֻа취ҡƷ˵Ц֮⡣
㡣ȻصҲƷദ˲ˣƷܹһδο϶飬Ǿ;ԲǿЦģʹȻȫ⡣


1404 ţħ
Ʒ磬ɽʯΪʯɣӲҪƴɽʯĻȻ𶯾˵
֪ûҪȥ˼ֻҪǸƳѡƷ΢΢ͷбȼ˻Ԫ
һ㶵ˡ
ǵٶȵÿ죬ҿɲļһƷһ࣬űԪ𣬹ɽʯ롣
Ԫǿ˲ɽʯƷ㽫ԪѹƵ㹻ɽʯ¶ߣȴֲԻȥ
ţȵĸɽʯк濾һ㡣
Ȼ
һ
ɽʯ֮УһںڵľӰŵĴɽʯд˳ʮӰ
ûҽˡ
չȥЩҽͨں֮ɫȫǺʯΪһ壬ֻܿ壬ȴȫǵĿǵͷ֮һļǡ
𣡡
ЩҽãȻĺţŭȴֲ֪ôӺδĴڡ
Ʒ˫һסеһͷҽޣƷҲҪһֻҽ޾㹻ˡ
һ£Ʒ£ͷ̱еҽǰ
ҽһƷ磬ΪŭһǿŭĳƷ˹ȥ
Ʒȵһҽ޸ȫ޷Ӧֻоͷһɾʹͷǣ㱻Ʒǿа˳
˼ˡƷֱҽ֮ǣֱֳ𽣣˲ӻȵǰһȵ֣ߣ
ಣ
ƷУٶȼ죬һ˲ʮľ롣
ҲʮķΧ֮ڣƷͻȻ͵ͣɫߵģ鷳ˣ
ȻоĴһɼӴĽ˶ŵİΧסˡ
˵Ҳ֪Ǳţħ˸ˡ
Ʒ籾ȥģЩǵĽѾˣû뵽ЩƾȻһƬռ䣬Ҳ˵ƷǱƬռ֮ڡ
Ʒ硭Ȳ
û£ǾͻǡƷƷʵħ߽ǿ˶£ţħпɻдﵽħ߽׼ǿߡ
ɴ࣬ƷǱԭղ޾ɫ
䣡䣡
һ죬ҵĲŷ׷׹˿ֳһ޴ѷ죬űɼǴƿЩ޴ѷ֮Уһ޴ĺӰѷ˳
ԭƷˣѹӰţԭţħص֮УĽǿԽ
𣡺𣡡
һŭ֮չȥ¿֮ıմʮڰӰ
ûЩţħˡ
ţħˣǿ׳޴Ʒڷ֪ıɾ˻Ҫһ֣뷲еţͷЩơͬЩţħͨں֮ɫͷŨܣѪɫӣʹõȻЩɫĴ󸫡
Ʒ￴ЩţħҲЩţͷĹѡƷԭ֪ţ˵Щţħʵǳ̫ªˡ
㣬¿֮ͬذվʮţħˣеľ޴ڸѪгŵŭĶϿմƷǡ
ʵƷҲģ⶯ѾǹˣǱţħ˸ˡɽʯЩţħ˵һʥĴڣƷ粻Ǵ鷳ɵҪˡ
Ʒ絹ǺܸȤܹǿĽλеţħ֮ţħ׻Ǻεȵʵǿߣ
䣡
֮䣬ƺΪ֮һеţħ˶ΪĽеĺڸؿϣƺǴ𾴵˼
Եһ£ѷֱһ޴ĺڰԼĪɼֳһ޴Ӱ˲ӵƷǵĽ
Ʒ΢΢£ĳǾӰȥ
ǰҲλţħˣЩţħҪ׳˼֣Űɫսף侹ȻŸǰ鳰
һƷȴǸеʧˣǰλţħˣҲֻħ׵ʵѣƷ˵ɵĽɱ
ߣ˭ţħʥأλţħʵɫأΪʵȻȫ͸Ʒʵ
¿մЩţħˣҲǷŭĽ趯еĺڸƷѾǵĹߡ
ţħ߰ɣƷݰЦʵ
ţħ֮ţħţħǱĸסλţħĻص
ţħţħߵĶӣƷ£̲סЦоЩֵֹġ
ţħ⵽ƷǵӣΪŭճеֱƷǳλóţħʥأǺĿģ
λţħǰɣˣǲûκεĿģֻǼҽϵһЩô¡ƷǺܿĻصȻǲţħֻǲЩ鷳ѡ
˵ҽޣţħԵԽӵķŭҽţħ幩ʥޣǾ˺ʥޣ뿪
Ʒ˫һ裬ƽľǱвţħҲʵ̫˷ˣ˵ԼҲλħߵݡ
ţƷţħ˵ǾҪ뿪أ
Ǿ˵ţħ˵˵ĹִƷλħߵݣţħȻҲ˵Ŀ
ߣţħ壬ΪôСǾĻǿɱ˵û㣬ʱɾûúˣƷߵţħƣƷϿɲʲôˣֻҪţħƲ˵ĻƷҲûҪԴôˡ
Ʒ⻰ţħñµô˵棬ȻƷҲѳֲסеŭţħŭǱ͵Ҫкα£
𣡡
ţħŭһеľްǿʢĺڹ⣬ֱƷǵŭĳȥ
¿֮ЩţħҲڸŷ׷ŭš
ȻͷţƷһ
ۼţħƷԭزʵ˵Ǹûţħ
һ֮ɫƷٿţħһˡ
ಣ
ţħƵƷľްӭͷƷ硣
ƷɫһǲмҲûµ𽣾İ˲䵲ǰƷȫٿ𽣣ӭţħеǾް˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ӴĹӿ
ţħһƯе𽣣ͽȻ㷴һǿţħ֮ɫɾǿ÷˼Ͳܿġ
𣡡
ţħһ޴ӣͬڵĵ˳ȥ
¿մԭ׳ŭеЩţħˣһǵƷĪɣ澪һƬȻһĻʵ̫ˡ


1405 ش
һĪһţħ㱻Ʒˡ
ԭڽЩţħˣɵһƬ㵲ѡ
ţħҲסˣΪղŵֻǸƷûĳ֣ǹɽ֮ǿͲƷĶ֡
Ʒţħһ˵¾͵Ϊֹɣϣء
裡ţħŭһһţˣްŭڵֳ˹
ߣһͷţûͨƷһţħţʮ㣬ҲúúһԼжţͷԷˡ
ţƷ𽣣ţħ嶯ƷҲǾĺúýѵһţħˡ
͵ģƷӭųеţħ˹ȥ
ţħȻţʮ㣬ƷξȻӭʵҲһеŭ嶯ţħûгԵȥ˼⡣
ಣಣ
˲Ƶһţħһصȥ
ƷţħһĹֱһӭ˹ȥ
ȻЩţħǶͬʱ侪ļ˼Ϊ˵һĻţħȫһ֮ƷһȵĶסˡ
ţħɫһԴִӵɵüţħ˵һԵĴԼþȫһȻƷƽĽסˡ
Ʒͬɺıһ㣬һɵĿסţħľްȻţħеľްסˣţħ޷Ųеľްһ֡
ţħŭȻڳһ֣һֻǿľȭŭĻƷ硣
ƷɫһҲڳһ֣ƱΪȭţħһȭͬй켣ֱӳ˹ȥ
أһ
СȭͷƷȭţħһȭǿ˽ʮ
ţħɫֱֻҪѿһ㣬һɼ׾֮ţħ޷ȥƷһȭ
䣡
챬𣬹⻪ģţħʹһ˳ȥ
Ʒɫһ˹ȥ˲ֱƵţħǰǿ͵Ļһȭһȭ籩ĺţħǿ׳ϡ
飡飡
һըװƷһȭһȭĺţħϣţħʹУκһַ֮ûС
¿֮ЩţħѾˣΪǵߣȻƷѹ޷֮ǿʵȫǵ
һƽƷʵȸһ㶼õġ
ˣţħŭһȫǱķݡ
ߣξССѵ㣡Ʒһһȭţħϱصĺ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ƷһȭݺݵĻţħǳª֮УоţħҪȥһ㣬ڱ֮УֱѪ
𣡡ţħʹһͬһ㣬ص¿մ׹䡣
䣡
ţħصڵϣ˴ƬʯֱֳһӣţħǱĵ˿Ӷ֮У
Ʒն𵱳Щţħ˿ǸŭԣһƬ֮ɫǵ߶ˣǻʲôȥƷ翹⡣
㡭СӡţħĳӣͷŭƷ磬еŭҪʧȥǡ
ûȤɱ㣬˵һΣµΪֹƷޱ˵
ߣţħ岻ô۸ţħߵŭȻ̧̳еľް
ƷмŲмţħ
Ʒת׼뿪
Ȼ֮䣬һɼֲѹֱƶĽҲͻǿѹеõ˼ƬռʱһƬ
Ʒ΢΢һȻоͻȻ򱶵ĸأǰڰħĿռܵĸػҪӵǿ
Ʒ絹û⣬ͻȻ䱻ֲѹϮ͵һıѹ䡣ȷӦҲ죬ڵſǿĵѹ
һ̣ԷӦˡ
ƾ֮䣬һɽĺӰԤ׵ȵǰ
ͫһȻǰȻһľ޴ӰţħòƼţħˣͬǰλţħ˱ţħȴҪ΢СһЩλţħɢϢȴǱţħ֪ǿ˶ٱ
͵һ£ȱ㾪ֵĸоӾһɾ޴ѹסˣԶ֮£ƴıڵֵ
СȣƷɫһ䣬ɳ۹ȥ
ϧλţħ˵ĳʵ̫ˣ˵ͻȻ
䣡
һ죬ţħֱӺһֻ֣ԾԵĺȵ
ȾһĸоҪѰѪٶʧȥʶ˳ȥ
Ʒ˫һͣŭһ˹ȥӵȵǰһȵסȡ
ģ֮У΢΢˫ۣƺƷǽŭף૵ơƷ硭
ţȱ˹ȥ
СȣƷ羪һУ˳עȵڣסڵơ
ңλͻȻֵţħˣ޶Ⱥ֣ȴشûƷЩĻȾҪΪһˡ
ȻԲѣƷŭݺݵĽȭͷ޺޵ԲСȣˣȻˡ
ҶǻĽѵƷ֮УֳһϵӰɢǿƣԲţħܱȼġ
ûλͻȻֵţħˣţħͳ֮ţħߡ
ߣ
֮ڣĹţħ٣Ե쳣ļţħߵʵԱţħǿһεľ硣
ףţħϲ˹ȥվţħߵ࣬һַŭƷ磬˵ףСӲʥأʥޣԲܷŹǣ
ţħƳţħ۽Ʒ磬ƺоƷʵż֮ɫ˵Ȼ֪ǵݣοдȣҶƽϣţħҲһ򲻲ħκεգǱ뿪ѾǱĵߣ
ţħȻƷʵЩֹ˼ɣԼ֮µĽƣƷ粻ԸʹµĻţħŻǿԶԸƷġ
ƷţħǵĻţĬɫɫ֮ӹ˼ɱ⡣
漴Ʒȵһؽ硣
ݣ
Ʒٶֳ𽣣һɼΪµɱ⼸Ƭռ½͵˼㣬ԭеţħڸоһɱϮҲһ£Īľ
ţħüͷһ壬оƷļвȴҲ壬Ʒ硣


1406 Ĵ
ţħߣɲţħͷԼ򵥣֫
ңţħߺգղΪû͵ϮƷ磬Ϊţħ֪Ʒʵף͵Ϯ˵ĻƷӦҲܵ˺͵ϮȵĻţħȴȫаش
һˣֻʣƷĻӦˡΪţħ߹ƷʵҲʹ֮䣬ټԼĶţħţħ߽˵ķɾʹˡ
Ȼţħ߾Բ뵽ƷʵȹҪֲֲ࣬־壬ڣҲǽĺˡ
ۼţƷɱ죬ţħ뵽ԼĸţħڣּʣƷһˣţħֵ
ţħɫأоƷɱԽԽأЩ͹Ʒʵ뵽ƷڿԼĽ˫֮УţħҲƷ硣
ߣţħһ˵ţħȻһ򲻲ħеκҲζţħԺ۸
Ʒǿҵɱ˵ǲµġǣȴǷһǳĴ󣡡
Ǻǣ󣿡ţħһЦ
Ǿ㾹ȻСȣƷȻ̧ͷѪӽţħߡ
ţħвĪһоԼʵƷ൱ΪλоԼĲƷôԶأ
ţħȴǲмĳƷСӣ㲻Ǵʲô˵ĲҸ׸뿪ԲŹǣ
ƷţħĽ̧𽣣ֱţħߣޱ˵Сȣһúõףʲôۣ
ţħɫһķһȻĻǱҲˣҲףţħˣǾûк³ģ
͵ģһɾ޴صѹֱӱƷ硣
ǿϮЯſֲѹţħߵ֮ڣɾѹֻƷЧţħûܵκεӰ졣
ţħʩţħǱΪܵĺ
ֻţħڲףƷʵежôǿΪţħ߼ΪȻĸоԼڶƷչǿѹƷƺܵӰ첢
ţħǷǳŵģ֣ͬǴԼĽ֮ڣǾԻʧȥ˼ƣԼȫռϷ硣
鲢˼򵥡
ţħҲƺƷϵһЩŹ֣ªֿз˼־ɫʼصĶԴ
Ʒţħߵѹȣ絶̰ĳСȣܵ˺Ҷһʹ
ţħʢŭȻѹƷЧ󣬱г֣жٶֳһ޴ĺɫͷ˸ɭĺ⡣
СӣƱģţħ߳һչһ˲ӵƷǰľ޸ǿҵĺâͬ˺ѿռһ㣬ֱӳƷͷնȥ
޸Ʒ羹Ȼ
ݣ
ľ޸˺ն
ۼţ޸ҪƷͷ֮ʱƷ˫ͻȻ˵⡣
ţħ߾һ£оؿ񱻺ݺݵıһĪһݾ⣬еĶҲٻ˼֡
ǣţħ߲˶ֹͣƣž޸ŭĺն˹ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ƷϱȻҫһǿҵĽ⣬֮ƺһӰֱ˳Ȼţħ޸ֱ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬жټӿһȦȦӴĹƣǿӿռҲһ󣬴Ҳš
ʲôţħ߽סȻһնȥˣţħȴǾĸоһɾ޴ľסˡ
㡭㡭ţħվڲԶĿۼ˹𾪵һĻ
ţħҲڿˣһ˫ͫ׾ö챬˳סţħһĲƷ磬ΪɫƷ绹ԭ˿š
¿֮еţħҲ׵ľסˣҲȫĴסˣĿ࣬ϲ£죬˵ֻһֲجΡ
ΪסţħһģȻǴƷðһĶһƷƵ壬ûоĿ
ֻǼֻһĹͬһǿҵĽâȻȵļסţħеľ޸
Ϊŵǣţħ߾ȻҲնȥˡ
ûƷӵžԳԽߵǿսȫǳԽţħߵʵ
ܡţħ߾ֵɼӴƿƷ

͵ģƷһǿϢݺݵĽţħ߾޸бĺڰѹ˻ȥ
䣡
һװ죬Ϯţħɫ˼
ಣ
ƷȻϣԳٰٶȣ˲ţħߵǰһȭԾ԰Եصĺţħߵؿϡ
һȭʵ̫ˣеţħ߸޷ӦȥֵƷޱȵһȭֻܱµڵĺڰȥֵ
䣡
һ죬ţħֻʹĸоؿڴһʹֱͿҪѿһ㣬еѪƵֱӿ˳ȻֱǿĳֱƷ˳ȥ
ǿ
˾ϢѣֻǼƷͻȻðһĶȻֱһȭ㽫ţħ߸𴴻ɡ
ţħ˵ڿֺų˴ġO͡
Ӧ֮󣬴ף
ȹ˺ԼɣһĴƷ羹ǲ֪ʱѾţħǰ
ţħɫһ䣬֮УµĻеľްƷŭĺ˹ȥ
Ʒ۷״̬ţħ˵Ǳܴţħˡ
ѾˣƷһǾްһն˹ȥ
ݣ
Ľâ˵ǣƷһȻţħеľް˺Ϊ롣
ţħɫƷǷѾԼؿֱȡ
ԶţħߣһĻŭĺȵס֣
ţţħȥ
ȻƷĵţħߵǰȫסţħߵȥ·
Ȼţħֻ߱Ŀţŭʹ࣬Ʒеವһ㴩ţħؿڡ
Ʒͬĺ޸飬ֱӽţħڵħȡ˳
ţħֵĵɴ˫ۣ˷ŭ˲ʣҲ˾
ɱ
ôһ˲䣬Ʒ羹Ȼţħɱˡ
Ʒĳ𽣣һܴܼлȵѪҺɽɭ˵Ҫۣ

ţħҽһһɻӵĽֱӽţħ˺˿ΪһƬѪ꣬¡
¿֮Ψһ־嵽µ֮ɫ


1407 ǿ
㡭ţħ߷ŭıͻ˫ףֻĿԼĶӲƷС
Щţħ˸˵ħǿߣƷǿʵǰϰСʵʤһţħߣҲǱƷķס
𺧣ɫһƬҰ֮ɫ
Ʒɫ˿ûκһֵĸ飬תͷžŭеţħ߳ҪĽѵ
Ӹƴˣţħ߿ŭĽе˫۳죬޸նǰƷ
ݣ
ľ޸麬һǿĺڰƷ
ƷɫƽǾԵƽĵԪȻȽϴ󣬵ƷʵǾŵġħ߽ǿ߶ܿ⣬˵ţħ߽ħн׼ʵˡ
ԣƷû׷ȥ˼ԭ
ۼţڸն£ͬ˺ѿռһǿᣬƷȴţħߵĺڸ˫ȭޱܿǺڸƣֱ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ʒǿ˫ȭ֮ţħеĺڸһ𣬾޴ĳ˳ƿһƬƬĹơ
ţħɫ֣Ĳţ˵ķܹʵҪǿģǰǡǡʵģƷǿúܱ̬
ȻһĶ֮Уţħŵĺڸͱƶһ׾ȥĺڰݺݵѹ˻
䣡
һ𵴣ĵĹ⻪֮УţħƽһӾǿб˼֣֮ڵѹƣƷȫûκεӰ졣
ಣ
һƷȻǰţħߵǰţħһĺݣ͵ǻһȭţħߵصĺȥ
һȭδ˵ȭţħִ߲֮£̧޸֮ȥ
أһ
Ʒʵǿһȭţħߵо޸ϣԵĿǾ޸һȻţħ߱㱻һǿ˳ȥ
͵ģƷ־ݵı˹ȥеȭͷ籩ĶţħչΪҵĹ
أأ
һȭһȭûκεļƷӵǿսٶ빥ٶȣһ㣬Ѹײɵֵ֮ƣţħߺ޷֮
ţħʹѪŭѣȴԵƷʵ̫ǿˣͲͬһεġ
Ʒ籾һ裬һ£ȵʧţħ߰пƷ֮ʱƷ籾ͬ𽥵ıȥ
䣡
һȭţħֱƷˣǱѣϲҲ̶õȾѪԼ֮ڣȻ˲Ұܡ
ţħŭһӵĲټܴţħѾŭ˼£ħнǿߣȻƵ׼ҪȼѪľء
ϧľǣţħǾᶼûˡ
ǺǣѾ˺üˣһڵġһЦͻȻţħߵıһħһ㡣
ţħɫһ䣬Ӧ˵ɫ԰ףȻȻһɿ־һֱƷѹסȻƷ籾ȫĺˡ
ͣ
һ屻˺ѰѪɽţħ߱ʹļȻԼؿ֮һ˿ڵħҲűͿˡ
ţħŤĲš
ǺǣǵãƷǷǳǳģһ㶼ǵرġƷһЦӿԪ
ҽ֮ţħ㻯ΪһƬҽ
ƷջȻ˲ٵԪһʹԪھ֮ĽЧƷеǳ⡣
¿֮Щţħɫ뾪֣Ŷ̶Ƭ̵ʱ䣬λħǿߣƷСȻѣ־ƷֻҪ㶯ָͷ׾ٵĽţħ˸
ƷûộҲûȤȥЩţħ֣һ¿մ־еЩţħˣ˵ǲغ£һûȤԸǡ
˵꣬Ʒֱӵȵǰȡţħ߱нƣƷһ֮ͬС
ƷȥЩţħ˲һţħ߲ζԺţħҲûˡ

𸮣ʱռ䡣
ƷҪشȸ޸ռġƷȴǾȵķ֣ħڤ֮Ĵﵽں֮󣬾Ȼżǿ
ңΪ˵ǣ֮УȵڲϵǿţĺڰҲھǿ
洦ɱ䣬Ҫǽȴ޸ռеĻɾ˷ˡ
ʱ䲻ƷѾõ˸õõĶϥȴѡ
£Ʒڻ˷ХӥҲõħرǴţħõħ񣬽ǳףһͻƲãԷХӥǿȣħԲ⡣
ХӥȻ֪⣬ƷͨȻ֪ܵ洦ж󣬸жѣ룬ƷѡǷǳȷġ
Ȼħ̺ǼǿģƷ绹һĳ̶ϵİ˷ХӥȥաʱҲȽϳҪʱ䣬пܵõɱ䡣
㣬ʱռ˽ʱ䡣
ڵڤ֮Ȼķôʱ䣬ȻҲܵ˼ĺôش̵ħ׾ƿ
ԣƷǵõ֮֮бҪȽ뾵ռ
Ժ˫ۣԺеʶƺδȫӦ
ǺǣˡһϤЦȱƷЦվǰ
Ʒ硭˫һ죬ܵ˼ίһ㣬ס˽ƷĻС
Ʒһ£ıסȣЦǺǣⲻû𣿡
һΪԼأԺԺҲˡҲһ档
ôأôˣڲǻúõ𣿡ƷЦ
ͷƺЩԣߺ뿪ƷĻȻʲôݺݵ˵Ʒ磬Ǹ˺ҵļһأȻ͵ϮңûҺúýѵ
ȻԺħҲԶˡƷص
ߣǾͺãһʣˣλж೤ʱ䣿
а˰ɡ
ꣿǲǡ
ģʱռأǻнʱءƷ΢΢һЦֽЦǺǣǸûȥˣһӮˣ
ϼһҲˣúýѵĽе
ģġƷϺЦ
ƷǱٷر硣


1408 ħ
δƷǱ㷵˱硣
ȻȻǵģϾѾص˱磬֮Ҳ͸һѣħԼеĸһٸԶء
أʱħǶǶַˡζԼ˵׬ģ˵죬ٸƷʮ꣬ħҲҲôࡣ
֮ʱƷûȫ٣ķ˽Сʱʱ䣬ʱ涨һ졣
һ£ƷȱǾ޴ѩɽ֮¡
Ʒ磬û𣿡̲סʵ
Ȼû⣬˵ǻܶءƷһЦ
ţƷǾ޴ѩɽǰǻˣ
һ˺þãħƺӦ˹
䣡
ѩɽԭѩɽвı˺ѿһ޴Ķڡ
Ʒȵϸ֣űѩн롣
һΣܱħƷǲɶԼֺšƷǽѩ֮ʱûܵκε̽ƣֻѩ滹Щѡ
Ʒǳ裬ֱŶ̤Ķ֮С
һǶħ²ĵеı
ǰƷЦĴкȵԵЩǣĬƷ֡
ħŵͣеĶתЦƷˣƺԵЩ⣬ϲЦʣǺǣⲻˣôˣǲѡ˰ɣ˶٣ħֹҡͷ̾ҲǣҪõЩȷʵǺѣٸʮһ궼̫ܡ˰ǱȽϳ嶯ϷǷǳõģҲǣζԼɶƤŶ
űħԵõ˵ãƷȻЦ⣬ûԵܴӣЦǺǣǰģζԼǾԲʧţⲻǰֶԼ𣿡
֣ħüͷһ壬ƷһŰЦݣͻȻЩ̽Ե˵СӣɱʲôϷεĶԼ֮ڸͲɵģϷԳ˵ȷʵдĵǡ
Ǻǣǰ㿴ڿЦ𣿡ƷݰЦ
ߣ˵ϻҪеĻھóϷƣħߵԵһͷӣǺܷ顣
ȻƷһЦһɨȻ֮䣬֮ƾճѶһǷХӥĹ𣬶һҽ֮ǡ
УѶأֹһٸҲǧ
ħֱӵ˫ۣޱȵ𺧣ԺͻȻܵҵĳһ㣬һг׵Ĵסˣ׶챻ֱˡ
ȻҲԵüΪ𾪣úϲ£죬ȫɵ۵ĽƷ磬Ǿû뵽ģǰѱǼϡеĶȻǧֱһ㣬š
Ʒ˫ֳţ֮ЦǿԺúôһħˣħһӣȤζЦǺǣǰЩɶ͸ˣ֪⣿
ԣħȻôȥǰʵǷӰ˵ƷǰץƷΪĽеܣұħ磬ҲԲһٸСӣ˵ǲң
ǰȱ𼤶ЩǼٵĻɺú鿴ǲģƷЦаˬѡ
ԣ飡ħ֣ȻƺЩ㱰ǰѵĶһʰҿϿ¿ҪƴҪеһЩë㡣
ġҲǡܡġħˣݺݵıһ㣬ǺͯڵأһҲǱ֮
һЦħܴ̼ϲѡҲǷǳ𾪣ԼƷɶǴ粽룬Ʒôһóôࡣ
Ҳ𸮵ô࣬Ҳȫ˽𸮵Ȼû˵Ʒﻹиƿռ
ʧߣʧ߰ħŴȳ̾Ϊο̸ˣû뵽ϡϷ򡭡
ֺݺݳ˿ڶʹ죬ͷЦϹ㿴˵õǶѾˣǲǵøöֳŵˣǰħ쵱Ҳ᲻Űɣ
ȻᣡħݺݵվƷһۣȻһܲԸӣǹϷҾʳԣԸķ䣬ԺϷˣԺʲô龡ܷԸ
ƷﶼЦˣȵЦ˵Ŷ
ǣϷ˵ģûеĻϷԺʲôħСħһɫ˵ȴѡ
Ǻǣǰ˵ЦˣҪҲΪѰñ֮ѣǰҪҶʲô͹ϵĻҿˡƷЦʵҲֻñħ´ѣ˵ױħҲǷħѣƷҲ̫
УϷԲʧˣοϷԸķ䣡ħܽĻصƷĺøбħ֮ˣǼˡ
Ǻǣȱ˵ЩǼҵ֮Ʒ΢΢һЦ
λϷħԵúܿȫǰļӡ
ǾͷˡƷص
ħͷתֳһѩлȥ
һɫȥǼӲѩ֮УͽȻ֮䣬ѩھǱڻһ㣬ıɢһ޴ѿڡ
ѿһɼɭϢӿϮⶴеĺҪӵı䣬ѿȥԼѿŵ޵׶ԨǿµĺǴϮ
תħ˵֮棬ɼ֮أǵӦûʲô⡣
Ϲ㲻ǰɣƳ۱ħ˵ĶϮĺȲ˼־衣
ߣϷûҪħߵ
ǺǣСȣȥɡƷȵЦħԸˣֶƷ绹űħġ
ǺðɡȻص
ţƷѿǰȥһɭȥһףƷĻ⵽ǿ֪̽
ȵȡħѵֻ֮Ҫһ뿪ԴĻܽ⣬ԱգҪȻĻֻܵȵԺſɼ֮ˡ
ллǻСĵġƷص
ħһ˵ʵûɶԼ֮ϷҲ͸ǵġȻζԼϷˣúܳףϷĺܲģܸϷǵѰЩģ
ʵ˵ɣһħԸƳκһԱ˵һٸһҲܸ㡣ƷЦ
ƣħһԺ͵ֱݺݵĴ̼һ
ƷǱһ˿Ц⣬Ͻȵȥ
󣬱ħӦץĽеˣϷ򣡣


1409 ֮
Ϯˡ
ƷһֽţŻԨƮš
ʮɣɺӾ絽˼ǿȣƷҲ˳֮ԨеĺϮ
Ʒ磬溮ǿϼһǵĻǿɾ͵ñˡȲ˵ﻹǺܵĵģҲֻǳڣҲû½֮࣬ﲢȫαħࡣ
Ǻǣ˵ҲǷǰѣصġƷЦ
ôһͬĵ̣ģǣ˵Ѿ𣿡ֵ
Ǻǣҿ˰ɡ
ۣ
֮Ϊ㣬Ŀűȥ᲻𣿡ƷЦ
ҲǣҶˡͷֽס˸˵ĺҲʵ̫ǿˣ治֪һܲܳܵס
û£ءƷսȵܷܷϸ֡
ȸодůǺ͸ˡ
ƷҲҪЩԨ棬չԪȼٵ¿մȥ
ԽԽӵǿ󣬾ƷҲеľǱ֮ϡеҲֻ⼫زſܴˡ
Ԩħ˵Ʒ䵽ɵĿȣ˫Ųڿ档
Ԩ֮£ûеһƬᰵԵ÷ǳԨǿҵľ֮⡣
ȻĺԱǿٱûƷԪ壬Ǿȶ֧Ų˶á
⼫ȺԨ֮£鴦ѩħ֮£˵أɡ˵ҲȽϴн״ֱΧ
ҵˡƷЦ˫ǹԴɢ֮
ҲѭǹԴȥ˫һչ¶˾֮ɫ
ȻƷǵʮ֮һѩϣŮͤͤһ֮ǻһ㣬ɢʮƬ꣬ʾ֮ɫͬľ͸ˮӫһ㣬Ө˸ϵɢһȦȦɫƣҲɸоųļ֮
֮۹һ̾Ǻ
Ǻǣ벻ħҲ̰ͦĵģ֮ҲнʮħҲѹˣɵöʹƷϲЦ
ҲǣҲøϽ֣Ȼϼһ벻ͺءȴЦ
˵꣬һ˹ߣ˭۰һ֮ѣϷǿÿġٹ꣬ﻹһС
ѭȥħĽȻħɫװЩӣ֮һ֮ʱǿԿóħǷǳʹġ
ϣˡȵ٩
ߣҪϷСŮޣϷ治ءħһ
ңʲôȲΪȻʡ
ҲС֮ˣ֮Ҳнʮĺ˵㣬Сܲˣħɫ
СƷܸоЩŤ
Ʒȴ֪ħԲЦ֮нʮ꣬ǳ֮ǿ˵ƷҪ֮ĻҲûоԵİա
ҲʵȻ֮ôкΰ취
ߣϷӵкʣϷ֮ҲˣϷȻа취ס֮ĺûϷĻǾղ˵ģùĻŲһ̱ħߵһ֣֮ɫ
һ㶡
Ʒǰοˡ
С̫ˣǿСϣҲŲСŮءħưƳȡ
ҪҾ㼸ΣٽСŮޣͷĽе
ƷԵΣʵǲ⣬Ϊαħһ𣬾ͻᶷͣأ
ǰȱ˵ЩˣСȵ¿ɾ͵ðˡƷ˵
СԺͿˡС㶨ҪϷǰĻæϷҲˡħ˵Ե÷ǳĽ棬Ҫ϶Ʒˡ
ǿɾͰˡƷԵñŤĻص
ħ΢΢ͷ˵СŮޣϷѹס֮еĺԲκεĵִֻҪܹȥ֮Ϊһ壬Ǳͳɹˡ
֪ˣͷ۱ħƷǱ֮ǰδӴ̵ĸоǿµĺⲻսȥӻ
Щ°ԥƷһЦǺǣİɣڣûµġ
ȵ˵ͷֱһˮȻڵĺڰֱǱ֮ӿȥ
֮õϺڰĴ̼̺ǿڵĺˮһ㣬ӵľȵڡ
ȵһӦ㾪һ֮˲㱻һɿֲĺϮѪѪ⼸˲䱻һ㣬ʶܵǿҵĳ
ҡһ£ȫȸоһӱһܱһ㣬ȫðʹĳ鴤ȻýӲ
裡Ʒ缱
ģϷڣСŮˡħЦƺڿ˼ʱ䣬Եʹħֺš
󣬱ħɫֱڵĺڰħͷųĺڰҲкһɭĺ
ģħ㽫ϵĺڰעȵڣʼȥѹĺ
Ʒ翴ýǣڱ֮еĺҲ޿κΣֻȥڱħˡվһߣʱ۲ڵľ
ȷʵҪ֮еĺȷʵôס˿ڱħĺڰѹ֮£ȵ״Ҫ࣬һɹɵĺʼȵڡ
˼֮ڱ˿壬Ѿ⺮ˡҲʼĻָʶоڵ״֮£űħעĺڰѹƣչ⺮ա
ȻȵϣȻҫһǿҵĺ⣬֮УһɼµϢɢ˳ħעĺڰݺݵų˳ȥȻʼӿĺ
ħɫ˰벽һ䲻Űɫڶȡ
裬ʲôƷæʡ
йɼµа֮ȻϷĺڰųˡħľ
ƷףӦڵڤ֮ķЧˣű֮еĺֵСӦûɣ
û⣬ѾպˡħɫĻصƺӿֳа֮ľѰ˼š
Ʒ΢΢˿ֻҪȿ԰Ȼȥձ֮еĺҲͿԷˡڤ֮ڵĻܵ洦Ƿǳġ


1410 ˮ
ֲĺϵĴȵɢƬԨ֮ڲһɹɿµĺ
УϲϵҫѪɫǿ뾧֮⣬ɹâʼڱ˴ųšö֮Ǿ֮㱻Ѫȡ֮екȸˡ
ƷħɫĹעϵÿһ
㣬˽һʱ䡣
ԸоŵĺǿԸоɢһɱϢɫҲ÷ǳ֮԰ףѪɫ
裬СӦòɣƷ絣ǵʵ
ȻϷ֪СŮǹǿаʲôϷĺڰԸȥѹסǺͲصˡħصĻص֮УƷڱħѾǸˣû뵽ҲǸµĹǱصǿаħԸоȵǱԼǿʮ
Ʒ΢΢ͷڤ֮ĵ飬ƷҲǾԲñħ֪ˡ
ģԼĪֹ˴ʱ䡣
Ʒ硭Ȼ˫ۣƺԵ÷ǳ
СȡƷ統ȥɵӽǰʱƷԵüΪ㵣ȵ徹ޱȵı䣬ҿԸоȵ廹
Ʒ硭Һ䡭Ȳ˵˫ףȫֱ¡
û£ءƷϧıסȣҲ΢΢˼ֻԪϵĺ
ǣƷĻԪȫڵĺûκεĿЧȽĶƷ绳У䡭䡭Ҳܡ
Ʒ缱ˣͷűħʵ裡ô£
С𼤶֮ȻˣСŮޱͲʲôʣҪһʱſȫܽձ֮еĺڲղãȻúܵ͡ħ͵
СʲôʱԻָƷ缱ʡ
ָʱȽϳҴ˼仹ǻһΣԣΪϷоڵǹаܹŹ֣չǱΣԱȽϴ󣬱þõ֮Ա죬ſڵ¶ƽҲɳȥڵʴħص˵
ھʹСȥҵ׾һҪõ֮ƷԵúֱܼߡ
ȵȡħ˵׾Ǽһɲô׾ͿԼģһƢϷǷǳ˽ǼһôȥĻǿ϶Կ
Ѿ׼ˣ浽޿κεʱһѡǿдӵ׾ж߻֮Ʒ˵
õǼ򵥣֮ûϷĻǺҵġСŮҪջ֮ĻҲҪ׾ǼһСŮ޿ɾͻ֮ˣҲСŮ޳ɣħһɫ˵
Ʒһ㶣ħ˵ȷʵûûм֮ƷҲûκεİա
ƷɫȻħЦǺǣȻϷǼһﲻرѺã黹еģϷǰȥɣҲ׼õǼһĻҲһЩ
Ǻǣˣ裬ôֵ鷳ˡƷϲЦ
ȻϷܲԸϷҲģȻѾϷСֻҪС飬Ϸ򶨵ħԴǵ˵ȴǺܱġ
ʲôʱߣƷʡ
ٵȶ༸ɡħ˵ĺСŮеĺ棬ȹĻӦˡ
Ǻðɣ͵ȶ༸ɡƷص
ǾɣϷｻһЩ֮Ϸٻħ˵֮ǰɶȣ¶˼ֻЦﰵСŮޣ㻹ҲӲ
󣬱ħ뿪Ԩ
䡭Ҫ뿪ôȲ˫˵
ǺǣȹɣģһġƷЦЦ§ȣƷΨһΪˡ
գգۣ˽ӽƷĿ԰׵ɫв΢죬ʵҲҸġ
ɣȱƷʵУůůܰȻ㲻֪н˯֮С
ƷɫЩ͵ŻеҡͷЦƺЩҡˣͷ̾ȣ˿ú𣿡

תۣ֮
⼸죬Ʒʱ޿̶ȵߣ粽롣Ԩ˼죬ѾǿӦϵĺˣɫҲǺֻ࣬вκһֵ
Ȼħ֡
Сħֵ
裬ԺôˣҾùֱŤģҲؽСԵĻͽƷСѱɡƷ˵ħоֵͦģұħǷħأԺҪǼ˷ħⲻöΡ
ƷСѣħӴת˼ȦЦУϷҲСҲеͦŤģԺϷҲˡ
ƷͷһЦʵ裬ǿԳ˰ɣ
ħѲȣЦǺǣСŮ޵ɫȼǰҪ࣬ӦûˡϷҲȥˣھͿԳˡ
𡭡ٽСŮޣͦһ˵
ôţϷôأôħǺӰƢϷʵ
㡭ֱҧһָˣҪÿ
û£ϷšħЦ
ƷΣôƫƫ˾ͻᶷһأ
Ʒȣħ뿪Ԩķٶȥ
뿪֮ȷԵԽӵĲӦڵ¶ȲϵĽͣȫƣԵرܡ
Ʒ絣壬ӿ˽̣ȫٶСȫ෴ķ򣬾
ǰ֮УƷҲصħѯ˹ڵ׾顣
׾ʵ˵һλߣһ׵УԵ׾ֻ׵һΪأ׵Ҳûκεڣ˵׵һĵ
׵Ϊħпɲ޺򣬶׵ĵطںˮ봦ҲǺųħеǿĵط
ˮħһƬ
˵ˮˮǺɫģԺˮеˮҲǺˮˮǺоʹħ֮£ˮɡ
ڣˮΧƵ׵ˮ¶ȴﵽ˷˼ĸ£ԽˮǷǳΣյģ˺ˮҲħеʮ֮һ
㣬˽ʱ䣬Ʒǲ˺ˮĵؽ硣
Ҳǳ֮ߣоǽ˻ɽһĻ̫ӣԲǧЩĮ֮أＸûУǿԿһЩǿι״ֲ
һƬãĻĮ֮УƷֽĸ߶չһԿԼڻĮؽа֮һƬ޴ĺɫ
ûǺˮˣˮ֮ڣ׵ˡ


1411 ׾
ˮ
֮УƷţ˺ˮĵؽС
ˮȻʲô򣬵ռݵķΧ֮ããһƬˮŨȶֹϢ
Ըоˮ֮УصĽرǶħżƣƷҲԻ̽飬Ҳֻ̽ʮķΧѡ
˵⼫֮£޴ĺˮ֮УҪѰ׵Ļ鷳ܴѹֱħصҪˣƷҪҵ׵ĻҲúķʱ䡣
ҵǣˮ֮ڣ¼ߣڵĺõЩƣɫ࣬ڵҲǻָ˼㡣
Ʒѭã⵽غ谭ںĴĻһƬãȫ塣ںˮвϵɢһɶħ֮£ɶ˲
裬֪׵ķɣƷ粻ʡ
׵ûй涨Եķ򡣡ħ˵Ϊ׵ˮǿתλõģںˮе׾ǼһµĺҪֱ֪׵ĻǷǳѵġ
Ǻǣ裬ȻͬУа취ҵ׵ɣƷЦʡ
Ȼħ𼸷ֵ֮ɫʵϷҪֱҵ׵׼ȷλҲмѣϷϷڵϢȽУ׵ҲƬˮΪߵĵطֻҪϷͷڵѰҵ׵ķ򡣡
Ϲ㻹ʲôȵűħ˵һ·Ͽãǿħˡ
СŮ޿ǵģ˵ϷǹҲΪ˰㣬ͲܶϷ㣿ħƳ˵
ǰͷˣ˰ɣߵ
ٺ٣Ȼ㲻ĵģͳǰϷﶨˡħ̵Цĵõһ㡣
ħڵڱħڣһɹϢɢ˳ΧЩƺоη壬ʼȥ
ȣħһ˫һչɭ亮ǿ˳Ƿĵӿһ㣬ֱ̼Ƭˮ
䣬ڱħǿϮ֮£ˮеĺɢ˿ҰһƬȻ
Ʒ磬쿴Ⱦǰ
ˡƷϲǰԶ֮һɫľ޵ߴɡ˾޴ĵ죬Ȼܹˮε֮á
ò˵׾ȷʵǲɺӡ
ħһΪƳˮϵĽƣҲǺķ˱ħٵ
裬οˣҪȻҪҵ׵ĲôסƷмбħȷʵʡ鷳
ħͷһЦɫ˵ƷСѣ㣬׾ʵɱϷҪǿȻϷһн飬һƢԿɱһ֣̫˵ǼǼһʱǧҪע⣬ԲŭȻϷ򶼰ﲻ㡣
ףֻΪ˻֮ѣԲ¡Ʒص
֮ǼһӣҪõףϷһᾡġħ˵
У֮ǰ㻹˵ôãôڷˣȱĵ
ߣСŮ޶ʲôħϷû¹˭أħͷߵ
ɸ˵꣬һװЦ˹˵˭أԭͷδû뵽ͷƤǱԽԽˣ
ħˣŭеϲģܱϷǿõȥ
ϣ˼ǲˡһЦ
㡭ħǺ죬ȴҲκȥ
СȣƷεĵȣ׾ǰƷ磬ԱλҵСȣݷãдţ¡
ǺǣԭƷ߰ȻһڱչأĴűҲ˽⡣Ⱥ󱲣Ϊʵǲ򵥰Ҳеǳңܹλͣ뵺һ۰ɡԶе׵˳ʵЦ
ǿɾͶл׾ǰˡƷ繰ֵ
Ƴͷϵıħ٩ҿ׾ǰҲ˵ͷǿˡ
ߣþͱڡħ˦ֵ
˵СȡƷһΣűħǸЦ裬˼СȵƢϡ
ϷŲСŮ޼ƽءħߵ
˱һͬ׵еķȥ
׵򵥵˵׵һɽһ㣬¼ߣȵĸ¡׵֮УݲɽʯΪ֮ɫȻ֮£˵棬̤ܲ׵һ⡣
Զ׼׵֮Уܵ棬µĸӿϮƷҲð𼸷֮ȥֵһµĳϮ
ԭͨ亮ڽ׵еʱ򣬾Եޱȵĳ죬ԭҲĸ´̼ûԾ
ϲǣȸоڵѾָˡ
ħƺ¶¼̤׵еʱ򣬱ħͱ÷ǳķֺ꣬޲뿪ĸо
ʱƷ׵֮Ͼš
ͻȻ
䣡
һҵ죬׵𶯣׻ҲűſǿĳҲǿࡣ
Ʒ簵ľǰѰ֮ʱƷѾ˿׾һ׼ǿϢӿϮ֮ʱƷľĸо׾ʵжôǿħнУǼ˻ǵ׾Ķ֡
Ȼ׵Ǿյĸ߷ͻȻΪѶһ޴Ǹ߷ѿгڸ߿֮ɢĹ㣬ʻ¡
ţϿֳ֮һϵӰĽٶ¡
λΪ׳ӣͷƷ绹Ҫߴ࣬ըԵļ¶λʮϹһͷɫĳ˸ŻӣϳգŻɫսףϵĻһ㣬Ʒǵǰ
ûλӱħкųǻ֮ĵ׾
һ׾б˰ĸое׾ͷʵ̫Զˡ
Ҳһ£˱ħգ˫ۣƺڱŶԱħͷ˵˼ҲǸͷ𣿡
ħƺȵ˼Ĭš
ʱ׾ڽĴƷ磬ɫ¶˼־ȣȻ͸ƷʵǳȻ֪ƷһЩţҲûеôǿ
ƷҲڰ˼ţ׾ʵǿɷħ֮⣬ӴκһλħʵҪǿ


1412 ŭ
Ϊ˴˵İμ棬վǱó
׾Ʒ磬ƺҪƷ͸һ㣬ȴԽԽ򵥣Ҳ˷
׾ǰƷͻȻյĽ֡
׾΢΢һ㶣ΪͰЦǺǣȴлҪ˳Ծ
ǰЦˣƷҲֻǷ֮ѡƷǫ
Ʒ̫ˡ׾΢΢һЦ
ħˣԵòͷĽеιôһֱȥ𣿱Ҫ°
£׾ɫɻƳ۱ħ˵ͷǵλµĽƣֻôأ
ͷħ࣬ȴһЦˡ
Ʒʩһ񣬳ŵ׾һɫ˵׾ǰ֮£ңҲȲѲġ
裿׾ɫԵЩŹ֣űħ
ħһûӣصϷƷСѵˣɶֵġ
ˣ׾侪ȵĶƷ磬ħУħƢ֪Ʒ羹ȻܹħΪˣǷǳ顣
Ǻǣʵǰ˸ԼȻҽӮˣԾ͡ƷһЦ
ʲôԼȻƻͷһ󱲣׾һ£ֵôЦ
ߣϷ򲻹˵ѡħߵƷԼ飬ħǲ˵ˡ
ͷ겻û뵽ԽȤˡ׾Ц
ٽͷħֱҧ
Ʒɲôȥ׾ǰʵиǳҪ鷳Ҫǰæ
鷳׾Ѱ˼˻ƺ²⵽ЩʲôЦʣǺǣƷ߲ؿʲô鷳˵
Ҳֱ˵ˡƷȣ˵ҵСȣڤʴҪ֮֮ſɳȥڵʴǰСѾ˱֮ҪǰĻ֮
֮׾üͷһ壬ƺ룬˻׾ҡͷ̾Ʒߣ治˼ǿˣ֮ѱˣȻҵʵҲǵ˿ˡ
ˣƷɫһͣҲסˡ
ǵģֻܱǸˡ׾ص
ߣŪ˭أħһ˵ƷֵܣһϷ򻹲˽⣬ڽˮеʱϷоǱһǿĻǾסϷģһͲ뽫֮㣡
ʵƷҲ뵽ˣ׾ǶԼôԻ֮˹֮ô˵͸ء
ţƷ׾ǰ֮ǹϵСȵ׾ǰܹͣƷмԺ󶨵𡣡
ǵģ֮ǻڣ֮Ϊôܰװ׵͸ǡ׾˵
ף˵Ϸ㣬ƷСпзᰵɻ䣬ѾƷСΪ׷ᰵ˼ɣħ۵׾˵
ɻ䣿˵᰽ɻ䶼ˣ׾һ㵡
ÿħ
Ʒŵ׾ǰǷǳҪ֮ǰʲôǶᾡ
׾˫۲ЦǺǣҪõ֮ĻҲ˵ȫܣֻҪܽҵŭҵĻȻὫ֮͸ǣһѡ
룬׾ȻǸսӣƷ뵽ˣӦܵõ׾ǰͽ̵ĻƷҡ
ƷСѣɱӦô졣ħƳ۵׾ص˵ŭһǳǿµռ䣬ڤĻɷɶŭг˴һһôģҪƷС˵ĻԿġ
ǺǣȻȻͷҲһѣҲһѰɡ׾ЦűħȻֶƷ˵ƷߣӮˣԵ˵κˣ͵Ϊҵˡ
ˣ
Ʒ絹ûķӦħķӦɾʹˣҪƷ˵ĻħΪ˵׾˵ˣ
ҪϷ򣡡ħŭŵŵ׾
ߣɱڿƷߵˣ˶ûأϹʲô׾ߵħ˱׾İˬһѡ
ɾȤˣȻ˵ҲƷˣֵ뿴ҪΪ˵ˣǻһʲôĸأֺЦ
ħûðɣƷ˵ƷСѣɵðϷڶԲһ
ǡҾɡƷεĻصѹͦġ
ˣһ׾˵֮䣬ɽκε
㣡ħÿѪ
ܹƽ׾ĻЦ
ǰģΪСȣǾԲģƷᶨ˵׾ǰԿʼˣ
ǺǣƷˬ죡׾Ц
󣬵׾͵һϾȻӿһӴѪɫ棬Χʮһֲ̾¡
⾪ĳ֮£Ƭˮƺڷŭжô¡
ǾŭһľɿʼΪƷ簵
֮˵׾ʵЦƷߣнɣҵȺ㣡
Ʒ΢΢ͷűȥ
Ʒ磬СġȳסƷ˵
ģӦġƷͷһЦ
ʱħҲ˵ƷСѣ׵ŭ֮Уܵƣ׵ʵҲŭǿࡣУֻҪŭδ٣ӵ޾ս
һעġƷͷʵǲĻƷʵټϽսħĻԸ׾ƷԾⲻ
ȻĻƷҲǷǳȤ׾սһѵģƷҲǸսӡ
ಣ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒȥ
Ʒֱӳŭ֮С
ŭ֮УƷһƬ޾Ѫɫ֮У¼ߣﵽʮϵĸ£ԴߵһƣʵķӰǳġ
֮⣬ŭ֮УƷ绹о˼ĸ֮Ҳ˽ϴӰ졣ۺؿµĻƷŭ֮Уʵֱӱ˽롣ټƷ粻ɽĻʵִۿۡ
ħ˵ԣɷŭгԿƷֽĸо˵Ƿǳģο׾ʵͺǿ


1413 ǿԾ
ŭ֮Уһ׻ŰţԵü׶Ǿһ㣬ڵƷϳȥ
Ʒ統չԪŭ׵ĳ
ʵƷ侲ֻҪ÷սĻԸ׾һ㶼ѣƷ粢뱩¶ʵԵǵˣƷԻ᲻ϧһдˡ
ţ׾ޱȵڷڵ׻֮С
Ʒߣʵˣ츳쳣ˣһսʵ֮¡ʤΣæǰﶨˣϣܹȫһս׾˵²⣬ƷʵԲǱϵ˼򵥡
ȻǾԲ׾ǰʧġƷȭͷǿϢӿֱӽܱߵ׻˿ȥ
׾Ǳ߷һĨ˷ܵЦ⣬սⰻȻ˵ƷߣҲˣ
ಣ
һĹ⻪ӹ׾˲˹
׾һȭ̽Ե˳˲͵ıƷϺ˹ȥ
Ʒ羹Ҳ㣬ҲҪȥ̽׾ʵҲȭͷǿԪԪעȭС
ȭƷһӭŵ׾һȭ˹ȥ
ȭǻеĽȭҲǲСӣΪһȭƷȭټ죬˲Ѿ˽ȭغǿ֮ʮ
׾ҲǰΪľһЦеȭ͵ǿһ֡
䣡
һ죬˫ȭͬй켣ȥͬײһ㣬Ƭ⻪ǿĹⲨ޾ӿܱߵ׻
ȻƷ׾һ𣬱˴˼䶼ܵһǿĳ
͵һ£˾絯һ㣬ߵ
ȻƷľҪԶ࣬ؿҲһ󡣶׾ֻ΢΢Щľѣˡ
оǣƷղſûнпħʹȫ׾˽ӽŲѡ
ȻǿƷ簵׾Ҫӽħ߽׵ʵˣŭ˲ٵʵƷǲʹ÷սĻǵ׾Ķ֡
Ȼ׾ҲǳԾ˵Ʒ½ħǿߣô˶̵ʱ䣬ʵͽ˿µǿȡŭбӵмƣʹ˽ӽŲȻֻǽƷ˶ѡ
ǺǣȤ׾һЦƷ޵ƷߵʵȻ鴫˴βʤֵҽˣ
ǿɾƷˡƷЦ
Ǻǣˣҿɲ˶֣ԣɵҪСˡ׾ЦЦת
͵ģ׾ּӶ
һΣǵ׾ٶȻǿȣղȫˣˣͣûκεĻΣصһȭŤſռ䣬ȫһƷ˹ȥ
Ʒ֪ڵ׾һȭȫԪԪѾںϵ£Űɫǿ⣬ȫӲӲģӭ˹ȥ
ʯ֮䣬˷һݺݵһ
䣡
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䣡
һȭȭ׾һȭΪǿƷסһ𣬺ݺݵı׾˳ȥ
ܿ죬ƷȶסΣ˷һЦָоƷúʹ졣
׾Ʒ磬Щõ˵ȻĹ֮Уһδ֪ǿĻŭ֮УҵӰǲġȻҿɲΪʵ˶ѣóʵɣҺúսʹ죡
ãƷʵһһ˫ۺչȻһһɼֲаϢ˳ͬһȼգƷܵѪɫǿ⡣
׾ٶһ㶣ԵüľȣоƷɱаϢԸе޴ѹ
𣡡
Ʒһ㣬ͷŭһǿҵѪϴ֮£Ʒ羹ǱħǰһȻԾ޴Ѫ
ħ״̬ʵ˲ٱԱһħ߽׵ȼʵŭܵ˼ƣƷֽʵǷǳ֮ǿ
ħ׾𺧣µĲη塣
Ʒ˵ܿħҲǿˡ
ǺǣϢȻôԶû뵽㾹ȻܹħⳡսԽԽȤˡ׾˷ܵЦȻڵʵ࣬ҵŭ֮УʵԽǿܵƱԽԽǿ
ƷҲоˣԼڿħ֮ܵҲ֮ǰǿ࣬ڵԪҲ⵽˼ơ
ܵ˼ƣƷԼʵǷǳŵġ
ǰΪСȣտɾҪˡƷ˵
ڴţ׾ЦһսڣǴ˷ܼһ㣬սڵĵ׾ñ֮ǰҪӵ͡
ಣ
׾˫ȭܱӿ׻ҲǷ׷׾ڵ׾˫ȭ֮У׾ĹҲ˲ǿ
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Ʒս־ȫҲǱΪͣӭŵ׾ĳֱ͵ĳ˹ȥ
ת֮䣬ͬԽռһ㣬˲һ
Ȼͬʱһű˴˸Ժһȭ
䣡
һ˵ľ죬˫ȭ֮ռ䶼ƿһϸСѷ죬ӿ񱬵ľ˷ӿƬռһƬҡ
䣡
˱𿪣ȻֲʾĿһ
䣡䣡
һһľ죬˸ûκλε似ȫǳֿȭⲫսûκεļɣӲӲĹ
ת֮䣬˱Ѿʮȭ죬òʹ졣
ಣ
׾˷ܣƷؿǷһȭ˹ȥ
Ʒס˵׾һȭĹ켣Ʒһֵİ취Զ׾һȭȻٽ׾ܡ
ǣƷûŵ׾һȭݺݵ˹ȥƷʹȫ֮
䣡
˫ȭһ⻪䣬޴ĳͬ˰𵴿
׾һֱ֮УȻǿƶһǿֱпԸоһҵʹ
ƷѾս˷״̬һȭĺ˵׾
ã׾һڳһȭ͵ıӭƷһȭ
䣡
챩ٶӲƷҪʤһ֮УƷ羢ѹ˵׾
׾ԵþɫƷ˳ȥ
֮ħɫأѡ
ͷڵƷ˰ɣʱ˿ɾͲֻƷˡȽסԱħ٩ҲЩǵġ
ߣҪƷСˣԺǼһǰҲ̧ͷˣҵȻġħߵ
ǺǣĵǶģƷ᲻ûյ̣ξƷӮˣԵģŵЦ
⻰ħƳȣֲϿһƬưŭɫ˵ŭ治ǿЦģϷһͦĵġ


1414 ֮
䣡䣡
һȭһȭȫһǿͼҵⲫս
Ʒ׾Ӳú죬Ȼ׾·磬ҲֻʱԵ⡣
ǣ׾ƷԽأԵԽ˷ܡ
䣡
һ죬׾ٶȱƷһȭɡ
ʹ죡׾Цһ͵ֳ˹ȥ
ƷٺһЦһⲫսȷʵǹʹġ
ಣ
Ʒӭ˹ȥֱŵ׾һȭֱߺ˹ȥ
أһ
ĹƹɢһƬ㣬ǿ˺ɨܣǿ͵ľ󣬿ռÿһ̶š
һ׾ֱƷ𿪡
ƷԵ࣬ʤȯա
׾ĨȥǱߵѪһζ̾ӳƷЦǺǣȻһսʹ죬ʵʵ̫ǿˣҸʰ·磬Ӯˡ
ǺǣˡƷ繰һЦⳡսҲƷΪһΣڵ׾ĺøҲǱ
һΪ֪ҪĶĻѾˡǺǣҲˣΪηֵܻὫɻ˹֮ｻ֣Ժǰ󡣡׾Ц
׾ǰʵ̫ˣƷԺҪĶءƷǫһЦ
ǺǣԺбٽǰˣ̫ˣս֮ұֵ֮׾Ц
ƷҡƷ繰˹ֵ֣ˣڻ֮顭
ģѾ˵ˣʤΣæҶﶨˣοڿأֻǱϹˡ׾Ȥ
ʱ֮
ħϿеľǵǡ
ȻֻϿմĻƾɢȥƾ֮䣬ֳӰƮ䡣
Ʒ硣ϲĽеްһ
ħھŹƷ׾սʤĽʵôǵ˭Ӯˣ
Ʒ׾˴һЦǵñħ͸ˡ
ιأôһħĽʵ
׾Ƴ۱ħҡͷ̾ȻҺ뿴ԱӣƷֵܿɲء
ħ£Ȼ򣬼Цô˵ĻƷСӮˣ
ȻһսʮʹһΡ׾Цˣ׾ȴԵ쳣˷ܡ
У˾ˣЩʲôħ۵׾ֶƷЦе˵ƷСѣϷԽԽ㣬ȻһﶼĶ֣Ϸò
ڿֵܵˣԺǰɵʵ㡣׾ӵ
ħ࣬ȴҲκɷ㳶еιھȻˣɱ˻֮顣
⻹õ˵׾Ƴ۱ħͷƷЦǺǣƷֵܣҶ
ǿɾͷˡƷصֶЦЦֻҪٵõ֮ڵʴͿȫˡ
ƷǱŵ׾ɽѷн롣
ɽȻ¼ߣﲢһɽĵȷǳ֮ǿƷǽɽڲ֮ʱһľɽڲ±绹Ҫ߳Ѿкüȵĸˡ
ɽڲħչڵԨҲ࣬ڲ֮еޱᰵԨԨ֮ڣڿ¯һұڳʻ֮ɫһܴܳ߰׻ɴţԽԨ֮£±ԽԽߡ
׾ӵлʣ˿κεӰ졣ͨܵϮ֮ʱûܵκεӰ죬ܹǿָʵ
ƷħЩӰ죬֮ԨӿϮȸ£ԨƮš
ĸ£ڵȣԨҲɵģȫȻγɵƷ⴦ԨȱħڵԨҪɵȡ
ɣɵôﵽƷǰ֪Ͳ֮䣬Ȼ˾˵Ľ
ƺѾ䵽ԨľͷҲǿ˼ȷʵľħĶͷѾʼźˮˡ
֮˫ȵһĵ֮С
ȫһƬӿĻ𺣣ڣƺƷЩ֮͸еĻӭƷǵӿϮ˹
ȻȻ¼ߣƷǵǿӦġ
Ԩ֮£һƬȻγɵľ޴ܶʯҿǾĵɵģÿһʯҿɶħΪϡеĻʯܹͨóʯȥĻһҹ
𺣣ҰѱʡǵȵĹϵټﻹе׾µĽƣƷоԼĻﾹȻ޵ʮ׵ķΧʵΪˡ
׾磬֮أƷ粻ʣܵôǿƣƽ⣬Ʒ͸обȽԵĴڡ
ǡ׾΢΢һЦѰǰȥ
Ʒͽڵ׾
ʱ׾ÿһӿĻ˶ڵ׾ɢ˿ıһͨ
ˡ׾ͣ˽Ųվվ
Ʒ˱һͬǰȥ
Ȼ֮֮ƯһɫĻ
ŻԼĪһĴСȷʵǲ󣬵ԴСоһɼµϢĿ£Ѿﵽʮϵĸ¡
ʮϵȶȣ¾ħǿ߶еѹɡ
ǻ֮Ⱦ㵵ʵеĻ֮ȫǲ˸رʲôӰ
Ǻǣȷʵǻ֮ǰɣ׾ЦЦǻ֮˵֮ڵȼǿ֮زſγɣ˴еľл֮ҲԪ֮
Ԫ֮Ʒ΢΢¡
ûЩؼγɵħЦͱ֮ǰõı֮ҲǱԪ֮֮ĻˮԪ֮֮ʥԪ֮ҲֻſˡȻڻԪ֮Ԫ֮ĻĵҲǻܴеģֻȱħԶѡ
ЩĻҲиԲͬڵļԪôÿЧҲмĲͬɡƷ˵
Ȼ֮ĻҪȱ֮Чǿࡣħص
ѾʮˣҲҲŷ⴦õطġ׾˵
ʮ꣡ƷԵúܳԾѹֻо֮Ի֮ǿɫʵС֮ĻǻΣգ
ȷʵΣգ֮Ҷȥա䷴ɵĻ˲𡣡׾˵
˲𣿣ƷɫȻ


1415 ȵĸ
ò׵õ˻֮û뵽̺Ļ̫ǿ˵ĻΣԷǳ֮
ȳĬˣûκεȾԶȡƷġ
Ʒ˼˻ȣ˵磬㿴С֮ڵĺҲѹƵòˣСֻҪЩӵĻӦÿԻڵĺɣ
ȻĵȼߣԶڵĺѹƣĵԶԶ޷֮еĺ⡣׾ҡҡͷ֣ص˵һӴһ뿪ĻĺᷢҲܳȥڵʴ
ףͱŻ˼ˣĻ֮壬ѹƲס֮еĻ𣿡ħͻȻ˵
ǿѹƣǲ֪СȾܲܳܵס׾˫ȣһȻ
ҡҾɡ΢΢ͷ
ƷأȻҪȥƴһѣƷҲȥǿȣʵСȣ
ڣҲ¡Ȼص
Ʒ΢΢ͷֶԵ׾ʵ磬Сջ֮Ļİտж󡣡
ûϹڵĻʺС׾Ƴ۱ħ
ңħɻ󲻽⡣
һ߹Ϲ̣ڵк֮Ȼ֮Ļ̫ǿȥǿСȾڵĺֻҪﵽƽ㣬ɹĻ᲻Ǻܴ󡣡ħ˵
ԿϷһʱˣħЦƺֳٳٷӦһЩ⣬תֳŵ׾ŭеıٽϹƼϷû꣡
ƷԵΣô׾ħҲǶôˮء
ţƷԱħ˵裬ֵҪæˡ
ƷСѷģϷ򶨵ħصֲƳȣЦٺ٣СŮޣǷһˡ
СȲм˦ͷʵﻹмħġ
Ʒ簵̾˿Ե׾ʵ磬ʲôʱʼ
ھͿԿʼˡ׾ЦƷֵܣ㲻̫ģҾƴҲԲλС˻֮ϡ
Ŵ硣ƷмƷȣЦСȣҲᾡȫġ
֪ͷֵͷɫЩߺ죬Ͱ͵˵ҡҲ֪һҡһ⡭
Ǻǣʲô⣿Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ͷݺݵҧ˫ãڲŹһ㣬͵̧ͷ˫˸ĹâƷ˵ҡ֪ûϲңȻ֪㻹ӺͺӣһǺ֪ĸо
˵ּ꣬Ϊɬͷͨ졣
׾ħ⻰˶ɵ۰
ƷȻû뵽ͻȻʱԼ⣬ʵƷҲǾ˺ܾá
ƷþδشԵЩʧ䣬Ȼ䡭ʵ綼Ѿˣôܻأ
Ʒҡҡͷȵ˫֣չһЦǺǣϲ㣬ҵҲġ
ģ˫һЩ⣬ΰĸо
ǵġƷͷһЦҿиǾúúõĻţ
һģͷס˽ƷĻУϲƷЩȻȥʲô
׾˱˴һۣһЦ
ˣֲʲôģϷأСŮ޵šħȤ
ɫһ죬ĴƷĻɿűħϵЦǰΪС˵Ҷ֮ǰв벻Ҫϡ
ħһ㶣͵ЦֵˣϷûôССŮͻȻôǰĻôоñŤأ㻹ǽҹͷɡ
İҿɲˣͷЦ
㡭ħ˫ۣǵ˴Ц
ڵ׾ʾ֮£ȻĽӽǻ֮ǰԸо֮ɢĿǹڵĺ
ϥ׾ħҲȵߡ
Ʒ羲ȵǰڵҲŰֻҪһܵ˺ĻƷʩȥӻȣϾǲ⵽κųġ
ʱ׾֣ص˵СȾߣҲ֮еĻ֮еĺǿһ鼫ųҪﵽƽ⼫ںϵĻǷǳѵģڴ˹֮УʹԲɲκεĵֿҪȻǰϣ㻹һ㣬ǧҪס
죬һǳԵԡƷħ֮ʱԵںϻжôѺΣա
ǰ׸ôǾܷİɣܳסġ˵ԴƷĴ֮ڵ־÷ǳ֮ǿ
ƷҲڽȣĹһЦСȣ͡
ģ׾еѹҲ˲٣ЦǺǣǱɣһ֮еĻڡ
ȳͷ㾲ı˫ۡ
ʱ׾Աħ˵裬СȾڵĺѾĵȸѹȥ˲٣ȽڵĺȻ޷֮еĻڡ
ħͷɫҲǿڱħ֮У麬һɭĺ
ɼ䣬ڱħɢһɼϢܱߵ׻ƺԵüΪķŭη壬ñŰ
ѱħڳ˫֣ӿһǿȵĺҪ֮˪ħһĺжǿϾħΪҲס
ţ麬żȺǿעȵڡ
ʱԭڸողѹ²õĺڵɺĴ̼֮Уڵĺֹ
ȲһͲһ£ڵĺü֮ǿȵҲʼ࣬ڵǱһ㣬ȵʶͻȻ䶼Щģ
ȻʶʼЩģȵȴǼᶨţһҪţȵ־Ҳü͡
Ϊǿı־ȵʶҲǻָ˲٣ȻоѾҪ⺮û֪ˣȻǾ
СȡƷȣ˫Щˣ޲ÿȥȡҪܵʹࡣݺݵĽȭͷɷС֮£Ƕҷģһʹ


1416 ȥʴ
ڵĺȸտʼձ֮ʱҪǿǾ˱ħ
ȼߵԨ֮£Ǳһһ㣬ȫѩ˪ɫ԰ɫ
Ʒ翴ۣþġ
סħֱŵ׾
׾ͷչһɼȵϢڻ֮С
֮˹ʼһɹޱȵĸ£ӿϮȥϵѩ˪ܽˡ
ħ㵲ѣ֮еĻԶеĻҪǿڵĺעȵڣٶǿڵĺ
׾ס˻֮еĻڻ֮Ļ̫ǿ׾Ҳÿס
Ϊֻ֮ҪյĻ޴ӿߵڣֱ֮еĻϡȻĻֻĻ
ɣ׾СĽ֮еĻעȵڡ
һȵڣһӿĻ䲻رǿȴ˼ĳ͵ĻԵȵڣĺơ
һ飬Ȼоһɾ޴ʹȫҧһ㣬ʹȫʹ˼£оӶҪ˺ѿһ㡣
Ҫʹ˻УǼסˡǿϵʹȶ񣬲κεķҲκһ˿
ƾһ㣬õ׾ǿ̵־ɲѰӵеġ
ħоӿĻ쳣ǿ󣬱㲻ϵĴڳŻ֮ӿǿչơ
뺮༫ԣҪﵽںϵƽ㣬ýǿѹȵڣֻҪﵽһƽ㣬Լܵʹ࣬ȶȥ
ʹȵʹ
ȫڳ鴤һ㣬е񾭶Ϸɫʲһǿҹâеĳ֮ʵ¡
ȸоԼѪҪһ㣬ɳڵʵ̫ǿˣڵԳܵס
Ʒʱ̶ڹעڵľоڵѪǣ֮ҲһЩѼڵעȵڡ
żǿ޸ȵõƷʹҲ΢һЩԭڳѿ˵ѿڣҲʼڿٵĻָš
ȻڻǷǳʹġ˺޸ѭоԵǻһ㣬˫ʹĥ
СȣһҪסƷ簵ڵޱעȵڣȥܵʹࡣ
׾ħͷ亹ɫأϵҲĬǿЭŹȵڡ
ʵֻҪǵһɳɹں˵ĻǽͻġԵ׾ͱħҲԵޱȣÿһƵ˼£ǵľҲǷǳġ
ǣ˭Ҳ֣ͣҲκεиҪĵһڣԲܳκεĴҪȻȾǾһˡ
ʱ䣬Ĺȥ
Ʒ׾ϵעڣЭϣټȼ͵־ԸоɼԵѾʼں֮ˡ
ںҲҷÿһע붼ǼΪСġ
ڣ
ھʱĥŬһɻѾɹգڵĺҲﵽƽ⣬ѾʼںΪһˡ
Ȼǵһѡ
󣬵׾ֵ˻֮еĵڶɻһɵĻҲǿħҲǽڵĺҲǱ֮ǰǿ˲١
һΣѾһľ飬Ѿںϵ㡣ԾǵڶĻǿ࣬λħĿ֮£Ҳںϣȵڡ
ȳɹһɻգڵĺںϣټϻƷӻܵʹѾ࣬ҲԽԽ
ȻȱҲʼŵ׾ǣʼȥӿĻ
һΣȵϣڶɵĻںҲҪࡣǿȵںгţϴȵ塣
ֵþϲǣϴ֮£ȵƺ˼ɱ䣬ϵǿԽȱѾﵽħн׼ε
Ͼ֮֮ؼħΪӴܹգǷǳģͻƵĻȫû⡣
ﵽںϵ֮֮еĻѾûжˣ˵Ѿɹһˡ
ˣǻû˿иÿһںϣǼΪϸ΢Сӡյʱ䳤û⣬ǾԲܳ
ͻȻ
ڿ콫֮еĻչ֮ʱڵһɼΪµϢȻӿǶҺһ㣬ʼչ⡣
ʴ
һʴǾſµ֮
׾еľ£㴫СȾߣģԻ֮֮еʮԸʴû⣡
⻰ƽϢеĽǡʴǱȵĥ˽꣬ʴҲǳʹޡ
ʱµʴǲϮ׾ϣں֮ɼ͵Ķʴչ
ǿںĻȵ׾ǵҪǿʮұʴܲĿ
䣡
һεľȵɼǿ֮£̼ӿʴ⣬ݺݵı㱻ˡ
ʴƺҲˣ׼ȴȵ
ȶʴǺ֮ǣѵõĻᡣں֮ǿһٶʴչ׺ԵĻ
Ȼǿںϵڵʴסˡ
ƣȱݺݵڵںֱڵʴи˹ȥͬڵľһ㣬еʴȫ̸סˣǿںȫˡ
ɹˣ
ڵʴڱȥˣ
СȣƷϲЦ
׾ħҲһʴ֮еĻҲֻʣһˡһûأԳɹ֮ȫա
ģʱ

ͻȻХһھȻһɼµа
׾ɫһ䣬Ӧ˵ǿ־塣
䣡
һ죬ȵھȻ䷺ĿһӴľһɰѪɫĹƣֱӽ׾ǸƷ˳ȥ
ƷעҲ⵽˷ɣоȻ³һѪ⵽˾ҵһ㣬Ʒ㵵˼
չȥͻȻ䱬ǿδ֪аȣȻ֮нĻմˣҫǿҵİѪ֮⣬Ϯ
⡭⵽ʲôħһξˣɫ


1417 Сȵĸ
ʱţϲɢǿаʮ㣬ѾԽħķ롣
ħ׾ɫں󼫶ͻǺġа֮ȴȫûаϢ
Ʒľɫڤ֮ȷʵںϣֳԽԽǿʢ׾ǿڤ˽֣סˡ
ԣƷ練Ѱ˼Ÿȥͣ
öɢȥǹǿϢҲƺͻȻƾʧһ㣬ȵղǸ
ţ΢΢˫ۣ㵵ļƷ˾ȻɫڵأоǱǿбƵġ
Ʒ磬ôȾ㵵ʡ
ƷǲŷӦæվӡ
׾ħɫԵ÷ǳĲãмֵľ裬˫ֱֱĶȡ
Ǻǣû¡Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵СȣڵʴȥҲ
ǰλǰˡЦŵ׾ǡ
׾ħ˴һۣ׾ʵСȾߣΪڻڤϢǿڤڳȥʴ֮ģҪһ͡
Ȳһ£ͻȻ֪λش𣬵Ըо׾ǶڤԵ÷ǳԹޣѯʰƷ硣
ǵģСȷʵڤ壬ȴȫȫħеˡƷͻȻ˵
ߣǿɲɵӣصڤ֮ǿͨڤ𣿡׾ߵ
Ʒ΢΢ͷһ˵˵ڤĹڤ֮Ů
ڤ֮ŮȻһ
ˡħףѵˣǧǰֵܲ˵λڤСˡ
׾ɫ£ɫࡣ
ǵģСˣǰӦú˵СȵһЩɣƷ
ȻħЦЦȵСŮޣû뵽ݻͦ˵ģȻڤ֮Ůİɣ֮£ֵѸ֪ǣԱģǲκεĶ⡣
ߣһͷءȺߵ
ǺǣʵһʼʱұѾ²⵽ˣղֻΪȥȷѡ׾ЦЦƷ˵ƷֵܣղſǶеˣ£ܽҪ֮¸߸ǣֵҲû׽
˵Цˣһʼ˲ԲǡƷص
һ⣬ϣƷֵܹ󡣡׾˵
˵Ʒ
ȻСȾݣǿڤӦҲΪѪĹϵžеİɣǰֵܿûи߹Щ׾˵ղʵǱǿڤסˡ
ǰǼһﾹȻô࣬治ħԵúĸ˵
ƷѰ˼˻ȻѾɹȥʴڤ֮ҲѾںϣڵʵҲƷҲ㽫
ţƷΪȵڻڤڤ֮ģղڵǹڤڤ֮ġ
ڤ֮ģĿ࣬ȻǱˡ
ħƺ뵽ʲôʣô˵ĻڤѾ
ˡƷͷ
䣡ֱ˫ۣϢʵ̫ˣ˵ħҲûи˵Щˡ
֮ǰڤħսԵɱǴħڤľ֮սһսڤ䣬ħƷ˵˵ڤѾ⵽شûʮǲָܻơ˻뵽ڤѾˣϾǵħдﵽĳǿߣôܻô׾أ
ƷСѣȷʵûЦɣħɵʵ
ȷʵΪ档Ʒ˵ͷ˹ڷħݵ飬Ʒ㽫ڤȵһһ֪
Щ֮󣬵׾ǲŻȻ
ԭˣڤ֮ıɷãħͻһ޴ˡ׾̾Ͼ꾪һս֮󣬴ħҲ伣ˡڤͬ߾һ˿˺ûܵ
ԣڤɷᵽڤ֮ģҪûдħĻⷭħҲ˻ڤɷǵĶ֡
ڤհħֺЦͻȻ뵽ڵʱ򣬱ħһ壬εЦǺǣСŮޣϷֻǿЦ֡
û£ǸҲһӡûСȵȻ˵˵ϾԼĸ⵽˲кڤɷǼΪʹ޵ġ
ǾͺáħͷֶƷʣˣƷСѣ˵÷ɷǼһڻħɣ
㻹һˣǰֵܿر˵£ڷɷǼһһֱһ;ˣħĻǸĻ׾ŵһࡣ
ǺǣλģһѱȥƷЦ
һħԵúܼʵ˵ѷɷǼһɱˣǵĻԲȫûκζģΪʲôȴһ㶼֪飿
ǺǣλϵɣƷЦЦбֳ˷е
еֱ˫ۣһΪӡ
˵ڷɷáƷЦȻ㽫ڰħ֮¸֪
׾֮ԵüΪջ
ߣû뵽ħ廹Ȱࡣ׾ߵƷҲԽӵľ壬ǻǵĻԻǷɷĶ֡
Ʒо׾ڤǳʹޣ˻ȵݲЩ٣λڤʹ⣬ǰ˵ʱľս֮򣬻ɷйء
ʵûǴڤħսĻħеĹϵȷʵҲǲġȻɷڤѲкǰǳսҲйˡħ΢΢ͷ
ڴµĻҲֻмħ˲ſɵõˡƷε
ϧħ伣ˣħҲһϣǴﵽħͬȼʵȻǾ޷ǵϵġħ˵
ʵҪõе࣬˴ħ֮⣬һ˻ܹ֪׾ͻȻ
˭Ʒ粻ʡ
׾ЦЦȣ˵ȻСȾߵĸףħޡ
ĸףħɫһİʣԵ쳣ļʣ˵ĸħޣţ
ҲǺʱڤħս֮ǰĸħ˵ڵ֮󣬱صʧˣû֪ģҲڤ壬ҲҲڵħСĸΪڤʥĸǰӦû֪еɡ׾ص
ģһҪҵҵĸףһҪΪʲôҪңȽеԼĸְֺֺҪԼĸס
Сȣİɣһҵĸ׵ġƷǰȵ֡
΢΢ͷԼĸ׻ܻţҲǺܿĵġ
磬裬ѽ⣬ҲûȥˡƷ˵
Ҳãһȥݷǡ׾Ц
Ǻǣʱӭ磬ǾȸˡƷЦĹ˹֡
ι˻ϷңħƳƷ˵ϷھȻˣܵҲȥɣ
⡭ǺðɡƷεҡͷ
ǻࡣħϹЦ⣬⻹˵˻ôĵģűħֶԵ׾ףǿɾ͸ˡ
ߣ´ҪڻµĽƣҾ͸㲻׾һ
УϷ򻹲ءħ֮Աǡ
ڱħͯƢԣƷ绹ǸеΡ
ƷǱ뿪׵뿪Ҳнˡ


1418 
ʱͷг̣Ʒڻصǡ
֮УͻȻֳӰ
ǻˡƷĵЦǼһĸо
ħأ˵ҲİôϷȫͬأħ㵵¿մޱı仯
ͷڿɲаħǣǡȴȤ
˵ţȻವһǰֳһӰ
ˣǷħ
ǰ
ֵܣ
Ʒͬĺ
ǺǣˡħЦЦΪħɻʵϹôҲˣ
ϹһЦ
ħŷħеϹΪ
Ϊʲôħʡ
ħһ죬ĻصΪϷڿƷСѵˡ
ˣħõ˫ۣѯʰƷ磬ΪʵƷСֵܣô£
ǺǣʵҲǺ˸ԼþӮˡƷεЦЦ㽫ħ¶Լ֮¼˵һ顣
֮󣬷ħֵùЦϹЦҲ˰ɣû뵽ϹҲгԱʱ򡣡
ߣöѡħһ
ûͦġħ۱ħϸĴһȣ΢΢һЦǺǣСȣ㾹ȻͻˣǴл˳һŻʲô鷳ء
лǰĹģڵʴѾȥˣԺҲҪħˡֽѰ˵
ǺǣǾͺãϷҲɷˡħЦ
ˣǰôˣƷͻȻʡ
ϷҪǲĻֳֵʲôˡħ˵λѿҪͻˣʱƱػһķ޷⶯סġ֮ǰұ㰵и˽磬Ȼ⶯ֻᴫ¶©ȥˡ
ǿɶлǰˡƷ繰ֵƷĵһ徹ȻûоħȻ˽硣
ҲǺףλҪͻưħǰɣħɻ󲻽ʵ
ҵѡƷ΢΢ҡͷЦǺǣȱ˵Щһͬȥɡ
ϷҲúúʶѡħ
ţƷǱ֮ȥ
ʱ֮У˶۵ڴˡ
ɼڣħǿ֮ķپʱıչ֮ѾﵽͻƿڣѾҪͻˡ
ಣ
Ʒ˱֮С
磡
Ʒֵܣ
СһƷǣΪϲ
ϴôôͻˣʵ
Сȵ鶼ѾˣԾͻˡƷЦ
ٺ٣ǻΪҪѺЩʱءͷЦ
С˱ħĴڣħЩϤǰλͷȫʶˣԸоͷʵǿʣ磬λǰǣ
ǺǣǱħƷЦ
ޣԭǱǰʧʧСֵ
ˡħЦЦȴ𾪲ѣ˵ħҲСʵѾԽķ룬Ʒλħиδ
Ϊ𾪵ǣȵ֮Уλʵﵽ߽ߣҲ׼Ҫͻˣû뵽Ʒ߻ôˡ
ȻʵħҲǷǳ𺧵ġƷٶȿҲˣôߵѶǸ
ƷСѣڵѾɣҪͻˡ⶯ܴ󣬹ƾֵܵĽβסġħ˵
ûħصĶƷ˵飬ħѶˣ˲Ҫ鷳λѵʵɲٱ¶ȥˡ
л׸ôˡƷصз磬Ʒ绹
Ʒ뽫תУͻƵĹؿڣƷȴǲ
ƷٶȲһ硣ټϷħΧµĽ磬Ķסˡ
ʱڹȵ׵ڵѾʼǿתΪҲڲ췭ظı仯
ƷǾŹеķʱעǵı仯
ԼĪʱͷʱ䡣
䣡
һ죬ȿʼҵǿһǿҵĺڰâֱڹȵ׵
ಣಣ
ͬʱǿҵĺڰ֮
Զ׼ǹ֮УȻֳӰ
̣նڵѾȫתΪǿҫǿҵĺڹ⣬˵ӿϮ
ãƷħµ˫ؽ磬ɢϢԱˡ
ͻˣֺǧǿúĽҲֻǻδͻˡ
⻪ɢ
ڵϢõʱ䣬˲ȶľ硣
ಣಣ
˲ƷǰȻ˵ȫ˾޴ı仯
Ʒ硣һ㶣û뵽ҶѾˣܳĸо
ǺǣϲλͻˡƷЦ˱ǿħʣʵʵҪǿࡣ֮УƷ֮ǿʵҲҪǿ˲٣Ʒеǿࡣ
ƷСѣû뵽㻹ͦ𡣡ħͻȻ٩
λǣʡ
ǺǣλǱߣҲǵѡƷЦá
ߡ뷲ѵĻǻͦעرֵġ
λˣԺɡħˬʵЦ
ţҡͷǶͻˣԺҲҪŬˣȻɾҪԶԶˡ
ġЦ
ˡƷЦЦͻȻ뵽ʲôذ˵ڴҶڣǾٸǽһλѰɡ
ѣɻ
ƺ뵽ʲô㵵Ʒ磬˵òǡ
ƷͷһЦ
ţƷֳ𸮡
һ£һӰԼٶ˳
ÿڳˣ޲ľ
ѭţһλĸߴĺӡһͷɫĳĿǣű°Ϣȴˡ
ȻλߴʵħףʵҪһħǿҪǿ
ħħԿλӺħأǾþħʱ䲻ˣɷħǸûˡ
ˡӼΪĳƷ
ˣ
˴סˣʲôʱƷ羹Ȼ˸ǿˡ
Сӣüͷ˵ϺϢ
ࣿħѰ˼ţƺͻȻ뵽ЩʲôͻػȻ򣬾Хӥ֮ڣ㲻ǡ
ǺǣûѰХӥ֮ڵʱշġƷ΢΢һЦ
⡭ħǾˣΪħлʮˣ֪ХӥҪͻħĻǼȫǲܵ顣
Ʒǰӣ΢Ѱ˼һЦǺǣԺͽӥɡ
ǣˡӱϹϾĻص
ƷСѣеǾħ˶þְɡħյܵʵ̫ˡ
ƷֻЦЦû˵ʲôʵƷ绹һɼǿءǾ޿ռеĴޣƷͻƵԪھ֮ĴѾ߱˱ħ׼ʵ


1419 ħ
֮£Ҳʹ˸һˡ
ƷеĴ޵ĻƷӵеڶħ
ħҲһֱУڷǳɹ֮󣬷ħȥˡ
ħ֮Ʒ磬ƷΪԭ򣬶ǱħƷžˡ
ڶħ飬ȻħѣƷûôࡣֻҪħ˲ҪǵԼƷҲȻ϶ħˡ
ԣڴ˺ӣǰġ
ǧ飬绹ħ֮£Ʒ緵֮ҲҪҪбչ
ƷлһħڴţħϵõġƷħյģƷ翼ǵδħ˻ͻʵĿ£Ʒ㽫ħСա
СӵΪԵ֮УƷ֮ΪۺʵǿħСʺϲ
СΪƷԼޣƷÿһͻ֮Сܵ洦ħĻСͻƵħнԵĿԺܴ
˵ĻҲûţÿ
ƷʵԪڣûرĻͻƣԱڱչأƷÿһǺռǿƷţʵÿһھš
ȵĻԴ˹Լĸ׵Ϣ˼ƷȵߡȥѰȵĸףƷڵԶԶ޷쵽Ͼħʵ̫ˣǴ룬Ʒʵǿ֮Ѱɡ
ʱ䣬ڰжȹ
ƷȾһ㣬顣
ֻǣ˵һΪرˡһλʱ̶ȴֶƷ쳣ĺӥһλǾȶĹͷħӹҲǡ⡣
һգۣʮͲ֪лιȥˡ
ʮˣݹħ磬Ҳ޶ı仯Ҳû⵽κε鷳ħҲûκεĶ
ʮʱ䣬̣ƷҲûеõʵĽͻƣڴﵽΪĻûرĻǼͻƵġ
ֵÿϲǣСǿħ֮ڳɹħн׵ľ磬ۺʵ
գ
ħԺ֮УƷ缸̸֮С
ʮӾǹô򵥣ҲƷΪʵġȵҲ࣬ȻʱǻԼĸס
ͻȻ
´õƷ磬֮⣬һǿϢֱƶϢƺǿչ¶ġ
еҲоǿϢƽǴﵽħħѰԳܣ￪ʼһЩֻš
ߣʲôһȻǷСһŭ
Ҳ뿴һʲôͷߣȥһƷϷЩŭʮûȥ˭Ȼˡ
ƷȡС˲ڿա
ҲҪȥģȴǱħֹˣƺħѾ²⵽ЩʲôΨбħһѭϢ˹ȥ
һ£Ʒ˱ǳ֮صϿմϢԴ֮⣬ڵıƽš
ƷСѡħ
Ʒħƺһӣ㲻ʣ裬ϵһ
ϢϤˡħͷѭǹϢķ˵ħ֮УȼƵˣҲֻжħˡ
ħƷԵþȣʮˣħ˻ˡ
ϢҲֻһ˶ѣӦò鷳ġ
ħѾַǣƷҲǷǳջģΪ£ƷҲκεĺøС
תƬ̣ǹϢڳˡ
һ£һλĿ˳һͷɫĳտɫӣ䣬֮ȻչֳƷƵʮԺɫɢһǿϢʢ˰ļơ
ʵħнף˻ͳѪıħˡ
Ʒ˰ľˣʵףڶħеĵλ͡
ͬʱ䣬λҲɫΪ֮Ȼλħǿߡʶıħ֮⣬Ҳɲ²⵽һλƷ磬λδţʱħðλʵ˵ħǿߣ
ȻƷڼλ֮ʱɫгŲ뾯衣
ħ۽λӣ˵Ȼ㡣
ߣû뵽ҲȻҲʡˡλЦ
ʲôݣƷ簵ĶԱħʵ
ħĻһ˵ȥμʲôƨˡħصԷҲƺûʲôøС
ʱƷЦʵǺǣλƷߣ
ұǣк£Ʒ缫Ϊ䵭˵
棬Ʒ߹ȻǲʢάеƷ羹ᣬдΪȣֵ·ǶħĻ˴Ƿ֮⣬Ʒ߲μħᡣ˻¹Ҫйڤ֮£ϣλܹʮպǰħҪ¡
ħᡣƷ簵Ѱ˼˻ȻħҲȤھܾ˵Ļͻ˶ħˡ
˶٣ƷǺðɣǻ׼ʱ
ǺǣõģһҪȥ֪ͨľߣȸˡ΢΢֡
Ʒ絭ĻӦ
Ʒ䵭̬ȣҲǰΪջɫвһ⣬ʮպ
Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
뿪ãСŭɫ˵ħҲʵ̫˰ɣ磬ôͽǵˣ
ħʵǿǲ֮£ԲħͻҴ˴δҲйڤ֮£ǾǲȥҲȥˡƷص
ħ廹ڤввħ˲ͻԺڤֵĻħ˵洦ħ˵
ֻҪҵĵߣһЩһ̵ܹġƷ
Ʒ磬Ҫʲôħǰǣɫ
ǺǣǾ͵ÿħıжˡƷһЦƷֽԪڵľ磬ħ߽ǿƷ綼˿塣
ûʵҪǶħҪǣҲúúõħ˵˴ǹڤ֮µĻϷǵܳˡ
裬֪ĸʱ仹ж೤𣿡Ʒ粻ʡ
ǰħڤһռޣѾȥ꣬еĿռָҲӦòܾ˰ɣܼʮ꣬Ҳܼꡣħ˵
Ҳú׼һ°ɣʱǾͳɣŷǰǱҲӦյϢˡƷ˵ԴӼʶɷʵ֮ƷԹڤ֮ҲǷǳضԴġ


1420 ھ
ա
ħ켫ħ׾λһͬǡ
ħ֮У˽ǻڱչ֮⣬Ʒڵ˻ȡСˡӥȻħҲˣйʮһλħǿߣħɡ
켫ħе׾ˣΪ𾪵ģŶ೤ʱ䣬ôͻȻðôδħǿߣƷɵֲ
ͬʱħΪһԼ˶ƷΪ켫Ц֮ʱ໹𾪡
ڳħǿߣʵɡ
˸Դкʶ֮Ȼֱӽˡ
ǰħ飬ôƷʵھҲħЩħ֮Уħıġ
ħ֮磬Źе˴ζħٿħᾹΪڤ֮£ĳˡħ˵
ϷҲôġȻƷС˶ħע⣬ʮһֱƷСѷֲܣħҲûô޴ǳ⣬ڤֻ֣ħ֣ſ֮⡣ħ˵
˵õûħƷֵǳͻĻǾû洦飬ħȷʵй֮¡켫˵
켫ֵܣӦһˣ˸ħĹϵǷͬСɡ׾ͻȻ
˵ÿǶħԪϵĦ켫ʡ
û˵Ħ밵ħĽ鲻Ʒֵռݰħǣɱħħ˿ǼΪ̣ĦҪħƷֵܵĻħĳͻ⡣׾ص˵
Ǻǣ⵹صģħڤɷıⱾѾħ壬Ʒֵܿȣλħ棬Ħ밵ħĽҲΪħɡħһЦ
˵Ħ밵ħĽ飬ҵǷǳһ⡣ħɫƷ磬ƷСֵܣҲ˼Ѱɣ
ûƷ΢΢ͷһɫ˵ղ˵ڶħԪ밵ħĽǳҾһ⡣Ȼ˵Ľ֮ħԷɷ֮£Ħ᲻֪ǵĦҲ֪µĻǿɾûôˡ
ɫһˣǶħ˿ڤ˹ˣħ֮£ӰɲСħ˳ͻȡʤĻħҲԪˣôڤ࿹
˵һ⣬֮ǰڤħ廹δչ֮ʱħڤ˵Ĺϵȷʵǲ׾֣ص˵
ĵı⡣ħͷȣ˵ϾСżΪ˼ջ֮ħҪĻҲȫûпܡ
˵õûħһ¹أǵĵԶ˭Ҳħ顣ҶԶħĵ·Ƿǳ˽⣬˿ǷǳڴħСȾŷǱѰ֮ҪãҲܻѡڤ˹ᡣħ˵
·ȷʵǶԴħǳ֮ҳϣλԪϿɾͲһˣο˵·ٹ֮¡ħ˵
ֵܣ˼ڻλԪϣħ˵
˵ԵĻɣҲڶħ飬Ǿ˽١ħ˵ħգڶħ˵ܹвıǿбǣֶƷֵܵĴڣħҲûҪȻֹ֮£Ǿ͸ˣҲʡˡ
Ʒԣϸϸ˼ħУǸǳп飬ڵڤ֮ģӵ˳Ϊħ֮ջΪ֮
Ʒ絣ǵĲ⣬Ѿڤ֮ںϣܹڶڤ֮ģûƷĻҲر
ƷΪĵıǶħ˸Ͳ֪Ѿںڤ֮ģڳȥɷʱԷɷط࣬ƷҲȫųȵϢûй¶ȥ
Ѱ˼ѾãƷܴ˴ħħΪĿģҲɲȥʵϻеġ
ƷȻҲϣħ˲ͻҲζƷڶħƷԣǾضնݳ
ˣϾǿǵĵؽ磬Ҳɴ⡣ħ˵
ٺ٣ҪħҪǲĻҵǺǺúýһСĥȭưЦ
ħǶСЩƷȻ˽⣬Ըоǿûһ֡
λСֵܣ˵ûͦϷθڵģħϷûٿˬ˴治ƣϷǺúչչֽˡħЦ
޷ĻҲֻˣȻϣģҲԲħ۸ǵͷοǹϵСȣǾ͸Ʒ˵
Ǻǣ¶˵ħʱ֪ҲҪȥôˣʱԼˡħЦ
ҲǣǾɣʱյˣǱһͬǰȥʵǶħˣҲúúõһ°ɡ켫˵
˵Ҳǡħ΢΢ͷֶƷЦǺǣƷֵܣЩǿɾ͵Ҫúôˡ
ǺǣλܹڴˣĪҡƷЦҲοܹħ֮Уܽʶ˶ѣƷ˵Ѿǳ֪ˡ
˺δħῪʼǰʱǵħɾˣħмλħǿ߿ɶڴ˸С
´Ļɶ𾪡
ЩʱھҲڱ˴˽һЩϵĵãƷҲǴĶࡣǷħЩߣɶһԼŬɣǿûƷӵԵõδ֪ԭľˣƷħЩǰĽ֮Уȷʵѧϰ˲ٵĶ
ˣƷҲ˷ħ˽ħи飬ϾƷЩ˶ħеʵ˽̫ˡ
Ҳرħѯ˹Լĸ׵飬ʧǣһ񣬷ħҲ֪йħ޵Ϣ
תۼ䣬ħҲͽʣһʱˡ
Ѫ֮£Ʒ֮Уն֣˾ǳеһ㣬Ʒϡ
Ѫ£ȲʵƷ磬˵ĸ׻᲻Ѿˣ
ǺǣȻҲûйĸ׵ϢĸӦþͻţħĳпɡƷЦ
𣿡ɵɵʡ
ȻҴӦ㣬һҵĸסƷ˵
лл㣬Ʒ硣Ʒ磬ֵʵҺ£ԺҪص磬ҵǣͻˡ
ġƷЦЦ̧ͷеѪ£ʵܷ磬ֻһδ֪ƷΪĵǣеҲǰĲпᣬǿǻ᲻Σգ


1421 ħ
ʮ֮ڣʱ
ʱǵ޾߿֮УżӰΪһʵˡӥ֮С
գƷԵɷ֮߰ɫɫȴַżɫȥħҲ֪ᷢʲô顣
Ǻǣ˵ҲǧûȥħˣҲ֪ڶħֽΡħһпЦ
ôɲʲôõطҪҪȥμʲôƨħᣬϷ򻹲ȥءħ
˼һӭϹء׾Ƴ۱ħ
ߣСŮޣ˭ٽϹҸûꡣħߵ
Ǻǣȱ˵ЩˣϽȳɣ·ɲءħҡͷ
⣬ٷħķ
ħڣȫ༫Եĵط֮Զ֮ߣϢҲǷǳȶ
أŴ˴ħ飬һ·ϣҲ̸ȫٸħ
㣬˽ʱ䣬ڽ˶ħĵؽ硣
ħϽʮǣռݵԲǧħ֮رƬټеıԵش
һƬ򣬶ڶħء
ħ壬ħбͳѪħˣǳԶˣʵҲǸǿġΪħڷӵӴԴƷ֪ڷкڰЩˣ඼ڶħͽ
ˣħżڽƶȣħֻŷʥܹħˣӵмߵĵλ
ƬԵ÷ǳƷ缸˳ħĵؽ磬ҲǲѲһ
ԼÿһǣÿһǼݻģħħΪǿʢ塣
ֱҪӽڶħʱ
չȥھʮ֮⣬ʮɵĸ߿֮У̾һ޴Ի͵ĺڰܹ˾޴Ĺɵö͡
룬ƷЩûܹǿĻƷǱľѡ
ǾǶħ𣿡Сľʡ
ٺ٣Сֵܣŵ˰ɣħЦħŷǳϵʷɱСħʵΪһϵ壬Զ󡣡
ȷʵ湻ǿġСͷ֮ǰԶħС֮ġ
Ʒɫ࣬ڶħҲǱȽϺ棬ԷħʵǰħΣ
ǿħһ֣ص˵·ʵȻ˵ǽδħ֮£ǶħеĴԪϱǣҲλħ߽ǿߣԪԪϵĦħнǿߣĶħҲǴﵽħн׾硣Ҳ֮ǰڿɹ֮ãЩ˵ʵӦҲҪǰǿ˲ٰɡ
Ʒذĵ˵ͷħô˵ĻħҲ湻ǿġֽԼʵħƴĻǾܾˡ
УħħеӰҲȽϴٽǵؽļλߣȻ˵ûֱӹڶħЩҲħмģҲŻἸѣҪ򲻵ѵʱ򣬾Բħͻ˫˵ûκκôģֻڤ塣ħɫ˵
ǰģзִģοֻΪ˲μħᣬɲµġƷ˵ҲǸеѹġ
ಣಣ
˷ɳ۶ȥħ֮⡣
ڣ˽ļħʵޱȵɣԻ͵ľ޵֮Уɢһ϶ϵϢ
Ʒһֱħ˾棬չ˻Сǰȥ̽Ѱ֡
ƷͻüȻ֡
ôħʣҲƷ硣
ҺоһƷüͷ
һ㶣ħصʵƷСֵܣио
Ʒ΢΢ҡͷصҲǺ΢УֺûУоر֡
ǺǣʵҲģħƶȿǷǳϸпᣬڶħǲСķ˸С󣬶ܻ⵽ԪϵĲþ׾Ц
ǲǣǻǽɣҲЩ֣ħɣôԵ˵İħȻ
˵ţħбűһǿϢ
һ£֪Ķħ
ħЩϱħȻƷͬжһ΢˼Ѱһ£㹰ֳƷЦǺǣλ߿ˣλڵеȺλ
Ǻǣ˼·;ԶһЩƷ絭ЦûκεĺøС
޷λ˵ɡЦ
ţƷǱż־֮⣬ŷħж롣
ΪħԵʣħԵñ壬гħǿ֮⣬˶תƳȥˡ
֮һƬĹ㳡㳡֮ϵһϵĵλߣɫչʮֻ޴ĺɫ
λߣǴ˵еĶħ֮ҲǶħʼ棬ħڤڵߡ
ϧǣԼʮ֮ǰλ˵еĶħ֮صʧˣӴ˶ħڴħ¡
˸ŷĴ㳡򹬵Ϊħ֮ĵ֮УǾԲַģǽħеˣͽﾭ
֮УоħеܣżǿħƣЩħƶǹϴģɲƷֽġ
빬μƺйǿѹڹ֮УԼ洦һЩĵ񣬾ǽϵʯУһЩħͼһԵޱȵԣ
֮ڣ֧ŵĺҲһЩħмΪеĲơ
Сǳڶħ֮УʵǱеһˣһĴħ࣬Ե÷ǳ֮ƽħĻħӦҲˡ
Ʒɫһֱ뷽跨Ҫ̽Īֵǣڽħ֮Ҳ֪ǲǱħƸˣƷ羹Ȼһ˿̽Ѱ
ƷԸоħо⣬Ȼоһʱ˵ƷѾ˼ľ֮ģħĲʲôˣƷôоġ
λҪ裬ȻһûоģУҪСĵ㡣Ʒ簵Ķ˴
һ㰵˼ġ
ԼĪʮӡ
ڣ˶ħ
ǳ֮󣬻Իɣڵ֮ǰ޴ĶħŭĿӣ¶֮䣬ƶ˲ľ
ƷΪ󱲣˷ħǵȻ̤˴֮С


1422 ħ
һʮλ¹ڳɫ֮ˣԴƷһ֮ʱЩ˵Ŀֱֱɨ˹
ȷ˵ӦǵĿɨƷЩδˡ
ȻǶܾȣΪƷǽΨһħǿߣû뵽ֶλʵҲǴﵽħн׵Ϊ
ƷҲѭŴˣ֮λλߡ
λߣǶħλԪϣǡĦرԪϱǣƷо˼ѹǵʵҪȷɷǿࡣ
󣬴лħһЩ֪ħǿߡ
ǺǣλˡЦİֵλɡ
ħ΢΢ͷɫԵЩ죬λ
ƷȡСѡڱȽϿߵλ£ȻϸϸĴЩˡ
˵ڳħʵɽΪħнǿߣûһ֡
Ʒɫʹڽ֮ƷҲûſԸղӦǹѲӡ֮УȫûüĿˡ
ƷСֵܣ˵εħǺˡħͻȻƷ紫βμħˣɲĶˣڳ˶ħֻ֮λħλħħǳоǣյħᣬ·Ȼûе˵ǹȴ£·ǾԻᵽġ
ǾǸˡƷ簵ص˸ߵľġ
ħҲƺ²⵽һЩ˶Ҳľ
գá
ʱһλɫаƷЦǺǣλħ½ľ߰ɣѵңɵҪúʶһˡ
˵֮ˣħ֮
Ʒ磬λǰԺաƷ繰ֵ
Ʒһڣ˱ֱ԰Ʒ磬ƺҪƷ͸һ㡣ڳû˭ܾĿ͸Ʒʵǳа
ͬǣԪϵĦƷʱĿ֮Уӹһ⡣
ǺǣԭƷߣħйľŲ٣ǼλɶʶɣˡЦ
ҵƷֻǺ󱲶ѡƷһǫ顣
ţСҲǼ򵥵Ľһֿ׳ĻǿɲӦﻹż
Ʒ̫ǫˣҿһֱȥݷ㣬κûᡣһ֮˵λѪɫ£ȵŮӣ֮ɫԶҪʤһ
ŮѪ֮š
Ǻǣң˵ݷõĻȥݷءƷ絭һЦ
ƷڵݿȣͲôˡһλѪ£Ŀɫӿڵ
ˣƷϤλӱħеѪħ֮Ѫͫ
ڷ֮УƷѪħ˽ֹƺƷҲо˴һЩϤϢѪħѪħοǴﵽħн׼ʵ
ܵĻйħħ밵ҹħλħΪҲ˵ЩħħͬΪӪĻѹˡ
ǺǣȻλʶˣǾͺú˵˵˴ħɡ΢΢һЦ
ϣô˴ħ·Ϊûڴأħʵ
ֵܣǿɶ֪һٹ֮£Եڱչ֮СЩ֮¶λԪܣ˴رٿħᣬǽλԪѲ֮ʱ˹һЩҪ⣬ǹϵԺħ档һɫ˵
ϣ򵽵ǳʲôˣħʵƷǵĻֻڡ
еĿռһֱδָܻڤҪĻøĴۡеĿռȴҪָˣδڤһˡ˵
ָǳ飬˭Ҳûȥơڤħ֮𣬻Թ޸ĻڤȻ֣ս⡣ħ˵
û΢΢ͷֵȻħռݵĵڷɢΪҪδڤ࿹ħҪ˴ٿħᣬҲΪҪ齨һš
Ǻǣ˵üǣҪڤ࿹뽫ħ齨ŵĻǵûκε顣ħЦ
ֵǶħ֮Ϊӽĵطڤ֣صôǶħΪ˷ֹڤ֣ԺλǶħС
ԣ΢΢һ¡
Ʒɫ˼Ҫħˡ
ħżĽƣԶ崫У˭֪ħ滹ʲôܡ˵ħ͵뻢ڡ
ڣƷǿǶԶħ˼Ρ֮£Ҳ֪Ǽ٣ƷҲûκεĶ塣
˳Ĭ΢΢üЦǺǣôλǾʲôر𣿻˵Ƕħдܣ
Ǻǣ˵Цˣǲ˼齨ŵ飬ǲ顣ֻǾòھڹ֮УǾڹĳɣб䣬Ҳ׼ʱϵġħЦ
˵ڶħǲǺԶҲʮҪĻɵþ鷳ˡ˵
Ʒ簵Ѱ˼ħ徹ȻżڽƶȣҶħصֲ٣ôҪڶħأһЩ⣬ûʮӦǲģҪǣҪ֮£·ô᲻أ
ֻ˵ħ⣬ҪôǱЩ˺⡣
ٺ٣û£ǲ鷳ħЦ
ǵɫЩŹ֣㵭ЦǺǣҲãǾͲǿλˡ
ǿһ㶼ǿħЦ
ǰһƷȥ˵ȻŵˣǾ͸˵˵ڶˣ±Ʒйء
Ʒ΢΢һ㶣ħ˻ҪԼˣЦʣǺǣԪ²ֱ˵
ħ֮УĴſɲ٣ǶħҲ˲ٹһЩšƷ磬ֵ֮£֪Ҳǵѡ˵Ѿռ˰ħߵĵ򣬼԰ħ֮£йذɣ
ûȷʵйءƷ΢΢ͷص
Ͷˡ֣ص˵ֽħڤ⻼ħƶһЩ򣬶ƷѾΥƷӦҪλһͰɣ
ߣħ߿ϷĺѣƷҪǲͣǿɾݹϷ򲻿һֱĬеĵĦͻȻߵ
ΪĦһе
ƷɫڶħͻȻԼķѣʵƷѾµˡ


1423 ħ
ħͻȻƷ緢ѣҲǳƷֱӹȥƷⷽħ֮ˣһƵɫ֮ǰĿ֮α
ƷСֵܣҪ֮ʱҪħͻħѵ
ǰħ˴ҪħбȻ⣬ڲ¶ѡƷ紫ص
Ʒþδش𣬱ǵɫԽƷߣħ֮£Ƕ½⣬ħһħеߣҲûбʲô˼ֻҪһܹ˵ùȥĽͶѡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷתλ֪ħߵħмߵҲò˵ڰħߵһЩ顣
ߣħʲôҪɱ֣Ħһ
ڤ尵йᣬħ壬㲻£ƷĻصƷɲǺǵ˲ƣƷҲûҪȥɫ
Цݲ˵ħ߱Ƿڤ˹ᣬڤ屻֮ڣĹ֮˵Ħ
λϵôƷֳ˷е
еһ
üͷ΢壬û뵽еƷС
ʱƷֵǷɷ֮ǿɶɡҳȥɷãɷڱڰħ֮Уڳмλ߶֤
ûʱϷҲȷʵڳҲû뵽ɷǱħ֮Уû뵽һʢߵİħߣҲɷйᡣħ
ħҲһ֤ͬʱС֮ħߵĵΪԱ᰾һͬ켫Ҳ˵
ħδڣҲĬˡ
ǺǣϷЩɻƷȥħȵĿΪʲô֮ؿԶܲ˵Ѿ˰ħɷйɣЦʵ
ƷɫƽȻԱ˵ʵ˵ΪȾһֿµħҪħſѹƣŴ˰ħпܻħڣǱǰȥ밵ħħ飬ⲻ֪£֪λԪϻк𣿡
ǺǣϷǻиɻ󣬷ɷ߿ڤʵǿϷǺ֪γȥɷоǣħȷԷɷᣬ᰾ҲǴ˺Ÿ˵Ϸ㣬ʵ벻ףӦԵģȻĴŲ٣ҲǺ֮㣬ڳλ⣬˭˵ӦԣĦЦš
ȷʵɷʵǿƷ˵ȷʵŷܲ˵ʮʱ䣬Ʒͽ׵⼶ʵɡ
Ȼ֪֮Զ޷᰾߼λʱȻҲɥڷɷ֡Ʒ絭ĻصǷɷǿλ֣ԸɷӦòرɡ
ǺǣȻôĶħȴκεľţϷǲǿ˵֮ǷɷԽ֣ɷйᣬħ߲Ż䣿ĦЦԾҪƷ粻ˡ
ⲻЦ𣿴֮УǿɶҽǴӷ½ˣħ֮˽٣ڤ֮¸һŲ֪޷᰾ر֮չˣƷҲн죬ɷ֮˵ҽһλ󱲶ѣǷɷҪħ˹ᣬǵҲѡҰɣƷĵħЩԪϻ治һ޴Ħ˵ԾǷǳǣǿ
˵ϷǺúһ£ʵǲ֮ǿȻ÷ɷս֡Ħ
Ʒ簵ŭĦͱˣƷѹûĦħƷҲ塣
ĦԪϣ˵ȥ˰ɣڤ⻼Եĵڤ壬ڲ֮ì˵˺Ҳ齨ŵּɣħ̲סˣĦԾǳƷȥģе͸ˡ
ں˴ħ齨ŵȫ׾ҲʼԼ̬ȡ
ǰⲻԶɲΪƷߵ¶ģҪǹӦָ֮⡣ħҲ˵
ڰĳ˼ţħǾȻȻħǾվƷߵġ
ߣħϷǰѣò׵ģϷܵҪΪЩʲôɣĦߵ
Ԫϵ˼ƷԴƣƷûŭǲܵġ
Ǻǣܼ򵥣ϷȻ࣬Ҳһ´ƷߵʵĦһЦҪƷ粻ˡ
ĦԪϣ˵λǰһλ̣Ǵʧ֮١ħ˵ĦӲ²ţħҲԵЩŭɫ
СȾ͸˵ҪǰзħѵĻҪȻͷˣħžǴķѣεħҲֻǸӶѡ
Ǻǣǽѣû֮֡ϷˣⲻҲ֤ƷȷʵϷĦĮһЦǱǵĻȻûڣҲζŵĦ˼
ħ΢΢ͷȻìĦļǲϾʹưˣ㰵ĶƷ紫ƷСֵܣĦʩѣԼɣڻȷħе⣬ֻܽҪħ˽𡣡
ǰзִ硣Ʒ簵ĻӦ漴ŵĦ˵ĦԪϣȻ㶨Ҫ˵Ļǰͽˡ
ۣƷ߿ҪСˡĦĻصвĿǡ
һСĵġƷ΢΢ͷ
ţĦĹ㳡ȥ
Ʒûгɣ˳ȥ
˶ⳡǷǳעҲһͬ˳ȥ
ټĹ㳡֮УϵħƺĹĦⳡľ
ʱƷĦڹ㳡룬˳ʶ֮ơ
㳡֮УŶħ֮Ľ󣬿ռǿȺǿƷǵԺŹ㳡еκһС
ãҲ˷ſֽսһ
ݣ
Ħ¶һںڵĳէ֣䲻֪ΪħԴﵽħн׼ϵħס
˵ףħҲԶŴ壬ֱʻ
Ʒɫƽһչֳ֣𽣡
𽣣ڴﵽȫ²Ʒ֮ϢΪԲħеκһħ
ĦƷ𽣣Ҳǰ˼֣ƷƷȴȫ͸𽣵ʵ͸Ե𽣷ǱѰˡ
ħɫƽڵĵĲƷ᲻⣬ڵƷ᲻ɱ˵ĦƷʵǿǷǳĦʵǿƷҪʩʵĦƷĶ֡
ɫƷʵҲǷǳ֮档ȻƷܹӦ԰ħɷȡʤܲ˼飬ƷʵҲġ
ųеƷ磬һΪ֪ĵطõô鷳ЩһɶѾǶħҼԸЩ𣿡
䲻֪ɷλڴ֣֮ڷɷ֮ǰҵĿ¹һЩһϢϢ棬Ƕڴ˼صѣҪ֪һڱǵԺ֮УһɳƵ
ǰͷٴƷ磬ʵǶƷλħ½ǿߵʵҲǷǳ֮档


1424 
˿̣ǶԵú򶨡
ΪƺϵƷʵ紫еǿ󣬵Ҳȥ˶ħԲô˵ĦƷһսĦǲȲʤȯƷҲԲҶԵĦκεĶ֡
ǵĦĻȫķſֽţƷƴһ
ȻҲΪǲ˽ƷԸˡвƷ磬ô˵ǵĦħƷҲˡ
ʱƷԵüƽĦԼȴûκεȻħ˼Ҫ̽Լʵ
ڶħǷڤйƷҲȫȷһԿ϶ǣǵĦҪԼɱֵĻƷҲԲ֡
Ħ⣬ֱƷ˵˵Ϸ۸һȳְɣ
ǿɾ͵ˡƷ䵭ĻصҲ𽣣һ˵Ħ
ȻΪƷסһЩҲԶûзӵ¡Ħŭͷ֮ϣ˼֮ġ
Ʒ磬Ҳ˶ѡĦһ˫ֱסƷ磬еĳעǿĺڰ
ݣ
ĦһƷĳ켣бֱն˹ȥеʮ㣬ĦҲ湻ݵģν棬עȫ
Ʒüͷ΢壬ȴҲ壬ҲΪ֮šĦһǺͣƷס˵Ħĳ
һ£ƷһƣͽȻӿ죬ڳ²λһ㣬ոպòܹ˵Ħһʵ׼
أһ
Ħһ˿նڵϣеʯҲǱüΪӲȻ΢΢һ£ʯ
ʱƷ˵Ħһɫһͦ˵Ħüġ
Ħѣû뵽ƷٶͻȻôࡣƷķâʢĦ˼֡
ƷɫᣬĦһˣƷ׷ǰȥ
Ħŭ⣬ֺһǿҵĺâӭƷһ˹ȥ
һΣƷҲܣӲӲ˹ȥ
أ
һ죬ؽǿҵĹ⻪ӿľӿϮ˿ȥһɹǿƷ硣
ԼټĹ㳡֮УӰߵ
ȻƷľҪԶһЩ
ˣҲ΢΢һƷʵħн׾硣Ħħн׾ͣ꣬˵ƷǺѶԸĦġ
ƷҲǰΪһĦʵȷʵǺǿħнײеĦʵϳģǰֹİħʵҪǿǲÿħսĻƷµ÷Щ鷳
ֻǣƷһֵֺĸоⰵ֮ƺ˺ڼԼȻ׼ȷĸӦ˵ĴڣƷȴǸоħеһЩ⡣
ν棬Ʒ翴·磬ħȴԵ÷ǳƽϾǿɶ֪Ʒ˼󲿷ֵʵܹ࿹΢Щ·磬ζƷܡ
ĦռЩϷ磬ͷʢСӣݹϷ飡
ݣ
һĺХţĦĿ˸żɱ⣬ֱƷ
Ʒüͷ΢壬ĦɱԼ䰵ЦǺǣҲ㲻˽ңҴвˣǾԲڵġ
ȻƷҲоƺڰпԼƷҲҶԼĵƣԻеĽ㹻ԸĦˡ
֮ͬУƷԿŵ˻ԼĶ֡
ۼţĦϮƷ͵еವһԳٶȷ˳ȥ
ߣСĦмİһе𽣣ĦӦ֮ơ
ǣһĻȴõĦȫɵˡ
֮УԼķֻٶȣ˲ֻٵ塣ΪŵǣЩĴڽʵ塣
ʲôǾúϲ£죬ȹĽħ֮У޽С
ħȼλħҲǳμƷ֣Ʒչֳ似ҲĿࡣҪǲ˽ƷĻƾһĽƣ͵Ƶóϴ
ಣಣ
һƬƬ綾߰ĽâȫǷס˵Ħ·
ĦνӴûмħл֮ˣۼĽ籩ϮĦһʱԵЩִ٣ԭסƷ綼ͻȻ
죡ʵ̫ˣ
ɫ֮ǰȷʵǵ͹ƷʵǻɵĦƷĽ̫ԿԿߵƷ磬ǸҲ̫
ʱĦƺѾʧȥ˹һ㣬ıǿĺڰŭӭһƬӭĽкն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬Ħһˣһնȥһɿֲĺڰ˿ͬڵĿХϮȥ
֮䣬Щǧâ㱻ĦһǿпҪ֮
Ħŭɫֱ˹ȥ
һ壬Ħȴ͵סˡ
ΪƷ羹Ȼʧˡ
Сģǽסкȵ
ţĦ㾪Ȼо֮ɫ䣬ƷʲôʱȻܵԼȥˣٶҲʵ̫˰ɡ
Ʒ籾ûղһܹʵʵ˺ĦʵҲֻһ۷ѣֻ۷Ƚǿѡ
͵ģĦת֮µ˳һնȥ
Ʒֱƶһƣ
ƣڶԸڲִӭĵĦƷҲ㹻ˣҲǶԵĦǳˡ
ȻƵƷʵҲǿֲ
ĦҲĸоˣƷʵͻûôǿôһͻȻĪǿôࡣ
䣡
˫ǿ㳡һǿ࿹ȻƷҪʤһ
䣡
һ죬ĦֱҲ˾ҵ֮ʹ˼ַŭĶƷ硣
ǿ
˾֣֮ͬУƷ羹Ȼܹ׵Ļ˵Ħ
˼ƷչֳǿʵɫԵΪ죬ƺʲô䶯ҡһ㡣
ɫԽأƷʵ֮ͬеĻڳ˻ƷĶ֣ûаɣǱҲǶԸƷĻҲô׿ԻƷ硣
Ħ˿Ʒ磬пŭ졣˵ҲöħԪϵݣȻһ󱲱Ƶ˾ء
Ʒ䵭ŭеĵĦ˵ĦԪϣ˴ξ͵Ϊֹɣٹڼƽϡ
˵棬ƷѾǹħˡǵĦٵôߵĻôƷɾͲղˡ
ߣҲ̫СϷˣĦһڵĦ˵һĪĳ衣
ûб˼ֻûҪƷ΢΢ҡͷ
ٷϻĦ˫һ죬ͻȻ䱬һɼǿϢҪȸղǿʮ౶ǿڰ
ƷɫһĦʵͻȻǿô࣬Ӧʹ˶ħĳطȻĦƱҪԼȥĻƷҲûҪôʴˡ


1425 ɱĦ
ĦһҪ𣿡Ʒ簵һе𽣽˽۹ӹһɭ⡣
ħüͷ壬ĦҲʵ̫ˣƱҪƷɱˣȴԵɫ䵭ҲѹûҪֹˡ
ɣħ㰵ĶԱħڴ»鷳ˣʱҪ׼á
˰Ӧħ˰ٰ㷢ѣȴ˸еŭий
ʱĦڵĺڰڱǣԲ֮ǰܱ⣬ѾҪӽħ߽׵ʵħн׾ѾٻǵĦĶ֡
ƷɫչرڵĦʵ֮ƷƺӦǰпԼҲԽԽˣƷ밵еλǿ߾Ի¶ʱΪǼһҲǺҪ̽Ʒʵ
ðɣ㲻ʣҲݹ顣Ʒ簵ŵĦɱ
Ħŭɫ֮УԱ͵ıֱȥ
ಣ
磬ĦٶҲǱǰ࣬һ˲ƵƷǰ콣һ̣׺飬ȫǳҪɱȥƷļơ
Ʒ粻ԾţʹǵĦʵǿֻ࣬Ҫûдﵽħ߽׾ʵƷûжѹ
ݣ
Ϭĳ˸ŶĿĺâƽƷؿڡ
Ʒס˵ĦһĹ켣һһһˡ
Ħ׷ᣬٶȱȥ
Ʒ̧һӭŵĦһ˹ȥ
أ
˫һһƬѤĹ⻪ƷûʹõĽ֮£˵Ħ֡
Ʒ类˳ȥ
һƷ类ˣҲǰЦٸоƷлвҪࡣ
Ħͷ֮ϣŭɫֳƷ˹ȥеĳžħնţֳһƬƬĽ⣬ͬ޵סƷ硣
Ʒ粢ڵĦֻǶ԰еλǿ߸ȤѡƷҲڳȥĦŰеλ¶
ԷƷһ˲صķ
¡¡
һ죬ĦĹƷľԷУֵסˣ磬⻪Ƿɢ˿
Ʒڷ֮Уˡ

ɵˣƷĽԽĹˣĦһϮƷĪĽֵסˡ
ϻ
ƷľԷҪǾûиƷ磬ƶѡ
ĦķôƷһëûŭŭһڵǿٶȷ֮һޱȷŭĳƷľԷնȥ
䣡
صһݺݵĺƷķ֮У񾢵ķ˱ɢ˿һƬ˵ˣǿһӵĹ⻪Ϯ
ƷľԷҲǱƿЩѺۡ
Ʒɫһ裬ĦȻǲȤˣղһ£ƷͲ׽˰еλߡ
ȻƷĦ֮УλеĿ߿Ҳ뵽Ʒ粻ȥעԼԾҲࡣ
ǺǣˡƷ簵һЦ
ݣ
ŭ֮ɫĵĦֽųǷӰĿն
ƷһĲмҲ֪Է޷ȥܵסĦһˣƷҲòˣҲǵЩʵðеλߺúơ
䣡
һ죬ħĸоһ𶯣ɼڵĦһжôǿ
ȻƷľԷѾҲزĦһ
̼䣬Է߽⣬ǿҵĹ⻪ĿһƬҰ
ĦԵ÷ȥƷľԷ֮Уּĳ˹ȥûʵĹ⻪ʱĦͻȻ侪ֵĵ˫ۡ
ȻƷ羹ԭزһѾľ𽣣ǿҵİɫâŵĦһǧƣ
ǧƣ
ɱȰǿʮһδն֮ʱܸоһµĽֱˣȸղŻҪӵǿ
˳Ծĵɴ˫ۣȻѾоǻҵĹ⻪֮Уһɼ侪˵ĽƶɽҪȵĦǿࡣ
Ʒ֮ʱƷüɫһһЦǹɰп߹ȻΪ˼̽Լʵ¶ˡ
λпߣƷԸо֮ǰħʱӦǹƣλصĿߣǾħˡ
Ħɲ֪ƷЩƷһѾоܵ˾޴вҲȫһ֮С
ĦһעȫһŭӭƷһȥ
Ʒɫƽ˫ס˵ĦһǿһҪ֮ʱƷԭǿĽƣͻȻ侹Ȼļ
ҲоƷ罣ƵͻȻЦǺǣƷ磬ʶ࣬ɾеˡ
ڳҲ֪ƷǲҹȻħˣԲŻԵĦ顣
䣡
һ죬˫һǿҵĹ⻪˵羪ξһ㣬޾ĵϮ˿
ڣƷĽͻȻڵĦȫŭµһ
أһ
Լǻ˸Ĺ⻪֮УƷ羹Ħһ˳ȥ˼һ֧ڵء
Ʒ磡Ƚס
û¡ħ˵ֲƳЦеıǼˣ̰˵벻Ƕħ˿
ѣЩ⡣ǲмһˣĳŵĦԪϣս͵Ϊֹɡ
Ħڷŭ֮У᲻֪ղƷǹԼˣøӵ衣
Ħŭһ˫۷ų֮⣬ѪӭƷɱ˹ȥ
ǼˣҲֻ΢΢ҡͷѣȻûҪȥֹĦ˼ѵƷԿôõĻᣬħô÷Źأ
ħŭɫħ˿ɵǰԵ
ƷǱĿ⣬ĶڳĵĦЦǺǣ㵽ϼһˡϧˣǺĿҴŶѾˡôҲԺúȥˡ
ಣ
Ħɣڼȵĳ֮£еľͽȻǿ˼֣ѾǱűɱƷ֮ģ˹ȥ
ƷȴԭزֻǻŭϷӣƷȴ˿ûз
ݣ
ĳļӹȥ˵ĿҲǽ˵Ħһϡ˾㵲ǣƷ羹Ȼһ򶨹ͷˣǱ޴ˣ
ɽһĻȴڳˡ
ĦǿޱȵһȻ˿ˡ
ȻƷ羹Ȼʧˡ
͵һ£ƷЦȴڵĦ𣺡Ǻǣɱң
Ħɫһ䣬Ȼһת˳ƺὣնȥ
ǣƷͲԼ
ҲˣƷٶʵ̫ˣò˼飬Ȼ׽Ʒٶˡ
ͣһ
˱㼫㵵ĿһĻĦؿھȻƷǿͿˣؿڵħҲǲɡ
ܡĦֵĲֱ֮ǰĦʼ벻ףԼȻͻô׵ƷС
أ
һ죬ĦըΪ˷ĩѪ£ƷɱӰޱڹ㳡֮С


1426 ˵Ŀɱ
㵣
Ʒ羹ȻĦɱˣ
һʱ䣬˶
ħҲסˣû뵽ƷĻǳɱ˵Ħ
Сǲ˵аˬǿԳˡ
ǵڣһĻ̫ͻȻȫĴסˡ
֮󣬱ֱŭƷ磡
͵һ£ֱӳƷŭ˹ȥ֮УֱֳһѷĳǿĺڰɱƷ硣
ǺǣǶħЩɵļһɣƷааһЦǲмһħ״̬
Ȼ֮䣬ѪɫĹâ޲ӿ۵Ĺ⻪֮УƷޱȵıħս壬ʵ˲ٱ
ħ
𺧣Ե𺧣Ψһ뵽ģƷΪˡ
֮УҲǺȻˣͻȻ˼֡
ƷûκεԥǣͻȻǱ÷һ㣬˫˸׺ݵ⣬ӭűǳ˹ȥ
ˣƷǷ
ƣ׼ħսˡʵ̫ΪͻȻˣƷͻķٶħǶ׵Ĵסˡ
ˣŭһŭһնƷ硣
ƷһЦڱǵһ˵ƷûȥԸǡ
һ£Ʒ羹ǹʧ
ɫһ䣬Ʒٶʵ̫ˣò˼飬ԷӦ
Ȼ˸Ϊ־һĻˡ
͵һ£Ʒ羹ǾȻƾǵ
û뵽û뵽ƷĿ꾹ȻͻȻתЩħߡ
ǻδӦƷһƱֱӳ޵ؿϳ˹ȥָϵɻŷ˹а⡣
ɻ꣡Ʒһ
޸ȫûзӦƷôͻȻԼ֣Ʒٶּ֮죬ʤΪֵǣƷоȻɻ䡣
ɻ䣡ħʢжа
һĲҽ֮޾˻һ˲䱻Ʒеɻᡣ
ƷƺδģеֱӴ޵ؿڣв̵Ľؿڵħǿж˳
𾪣ŭ
Ʒʵ̫ˣȻһ˲ֽ޸ɱˡ
˫Ŀ죬ŭ죬ַŭĳŴſڵķٵȥ
ħħǴʼգȫĴƷķٶȫܷӦǱ˵æˡ
ޱɱ˲㾯ֵ̿ĴȥƷλܹȫħнǿߵĹڷӦ֮󣬱µȥ
Ʒ׼Ϸǿҵɱһս壡
ţƷͻȻĵɫӰ
ĵɫӰֱƷĵڶػؽս塢زĵƷڼӶסĿꡣ
ɫֶּĲ⣬벻ͻȻƷðЩǹԾĸоЩǿţƷħ֮󣬷սҲǵõʮǿ
䣡
Ʒǿķս壬ǳԽƷ籾ʵ
ƷֱƷýвѪħ֮Ѫͫɱȥ
Ѫͫɫ䣬ִ֮䣬˫ƳǿҵѪ⣬Ʒȥ
ϧƷʵ̫ǿԵˣֱӭѪͫһƺȥԵĺֱӽѪͫ˫۸顣
һʹĲҽУѪͫ˫۽Ȼȥ
͵ģƷֱ˹ȥݳһȭֱӻѪͫؿڣ׺ȭ̵Ѫͫؿڴҳ˸޴Ѫħǿᡣ
ѪֱͫӱƷɱ
硢ᰣҲƷȻûǰҲ˲䱻⵽ش˿ѪǱɡ
ʱǻŭıҲ͵ĳ˹СǲǷˣ
Ʒı֮壬˱ǣһƣ
ƣ
Ʒ˱̬սڼƵһֲһɶĿİɫâͬհı
ҲǾѣû뵽ƷһȻͻȻǿ˵ı̬Ѿ㹻ħ߽ǿߵ̶ˡ
ȻҲû㣬ӭƷһŭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ǿҵĹ⻪ħҵĲɼֲһ񾢵ֱӿ
ħԾȱˡ
ԶƷǸԱȻǱ·磬ֱӱع㳡֮Ʒ˼ѡ
ƷǵĽ֮УƷǿɱ˰ҹ
ҹǱ֮ʵΪģֵܵסƷǿֱֱ̬Ʒɱˡ
ƷĻѹס⵽˾ҵشȻƷµĻԪ֮£˲仯Ϊ˻ҽ
ת֮䣬ΪƷͻķٶսȥĵĦ֮⣬ѪͫԱ˲ɱ
Ʒǽ֮ʱֲЩ֣֮࣬͵ȥ
ɫҲ˵ԴУƷһִ뾪ֵն˹ȥ
Ʒ缫Ϊǿֱȥһ
أһ
ʹһѪڵĵ˳ȥݺݵ˴ſϣһƬʯ
Ʒ˫ɱ÷죬͵׷˹ȥ
һ̣ƷȫȫǣΪħڴδܷӦоƷɱٶʵ̫ˡ
£ͫм˿־֮⣬ֱƷ糯Լɱ
Ȼ
һɳƵľ磡
ţһƬѪɫĹâ̾һɭµ̸̼֮סħ
ħڵɫ䡣
ƷϵŲǹͻ˲Ƶ˷ǰݺݵĹᴩؿڣ˷ڵħ
һ̣һѪɫĲӰҲűƵƷǰһǿҵѪⷺ𣬰һǿֲּƷ硣
ƷһԷ
˲ȻԷֿ
䣡
һ죬ƬռͲһ󣬷ĵѪɫ⻪ƷľԷɢ˿һѪɫƹ
ѪЯľҲʵǿƷȻסһϮľԷҲǱݻ˿
֮䣬Ʒ˺˼ѭѪԴ֮ɫ
ţɭŵѪɫռ֮УĽһλѪɫӡѪɫĳ£ļĿݣҰףʱɢһɼɭ˸е֮
ԿλӺܷŭҲܾһ˫Ⱥɫӣһ㣬ֱֱĶƷ硣


1427 ֮
ƷղŵķٶΪӦĿӣħˡȻƷ֮ǰûпǹ˷ɷ֮⣬ֽħлڤڣƷȷ֮ƷŻ˷ľٶ
Ʒ˴ħᣬֻһȦףղڳȥĦ֮ʱű밵еλ˻δӦƷû֡
Ȼڱ»кЩλħǿߣδ֪λ˵ʵΪ˼ѹƷŻͻȻ͵Ϯǡ
һѵĻᣬΪǾԲ뵽Ʒڸղŵһ˲䣬ƷʩȫսЭ˲ɱλħǿߣҲ֤Ʒڵʵжôǿ
ȻҲǹƷսı̬ˡ
ħǼλѪӵĳ֣Ҳ׸ղƷΪλⷬٶˡ
ڷħǼλѪ֮ʱȻɫ䡣
ħ飡Ȼ㣡ħߵҲǾֱλͻȻֵѪӡ
ʱҲžӦ˹ǷŭĶƷ硣
û뵽͸ղôһ˲䣬Ʒ羹Ȼɱλħǿߣ֮ǰսƷеĵĦǾ͵ڶħⷽʧλħǿߡ
ֽ񣬳˱Ѫ֮⣬ʣµ˻й硢šȻ⵽Īش֮ԵüķŭƷʵҲǸеޱȵľ֣湻̬ġ
ŭѪӣĽħ飡㻵ú£
ߣҲû뵽һﾹȻ˵Ĳ񣡡ѪŭƷ磬΢΢˿еŭֱƷʵСӣβҵĴڣ
Ǻǣڽħ֮ǰҾˣֻʱȷΪ˼ˡղĦ֮УȻĺܺã̫Ըˣڻ¶ЩϵҲ̫ˣȷ֮ʱұϵֽħЩҪǶˣҪħ˽ϧǣ̫˼ҵʵˣŻĦ֮̽ңҪɱң̫ʧˣû뵽һͻȻֶԸħ˰ɡƷһЦƷĻԶܱȼѪϵûסƷ硣
̫͹ˣʧߡѪӵȻȻԵúƽΪһʱʧʧƷǡ
ħ飡û뵽㾹ȻħѪҧгݵƺԵüΪʹޣŭбŭԵû뵽Ƕħ˾˵ıɣ
ߣȻǶħѾħ壡ǵ·Ҳ˰ɣ׾ų
·ǿЦһ˵ǵĵʵ̫ˣħΪͣǲŲǰ޴Чħڤ֮ȼԳΪħߵʸ˭᲻Ϊ֮ġ
ô˵Ѿɱ·ħλǿѪӣټڶħЩ·ԭΪελħǿ֣Ҫȥ·Ҳѡ
ǵġĻص
Ʒ絹ҲڱǣλѪӵʮ֮λѪӵҲǳ֮棬˵Ǻˣɷ𣿡
һǵλڤ֮£ɷ֮ϵ֮ħ顣ħ΢΢ҡͷص˵ħħ֮£ѷ֣û뵽ǣһЧڤ֮ȻҲᱳڤȻҪڤ֮ġ
ߣ޴ħ֮У˭Ըˣ˭᲻ӵϵħһȵȥΪںڤ֮ģҾûа취ֻҪڤ֮ĻڣҾа취ڤ֮ĵ
У㻹֮Աǣŭѣû뵽ԼȻ˸ǼƷˡ
ûҸҾԵı֤˭Եòڤ֮ģƷ
ߣƷ磡Ȼɱ˲ٵˣܿϧµ֮УǲģʹǿҲûıУħһ
ţѪɫĿռ֮У㷺һƬƬѪⲨ
ԭƷս⵽شȻǹĻָˣĵҲǵõ˻ָ
ȥĵĦǣǾûиˡ
һоƬռгһɼµħԲǿЦġ
ħɨƷˣЦȻʧ˲ˣҵ֮УǾûκȡʤĻᡣ
ǺǣŪңҪô֮ǰͲҪô鷳̽ҵʵˡħ˰ٰҪڶħҷѣֻ˵һ㣬ڻƣҪܲŸƷЦŷ̵
ħüԵøӵŭ
Ҳסˣħʵħ飡С˵ǲô£
ħ΢΢ͷƷ˵ǵģҵȷʵǻƣԲŻħ绹δƣǻܹӵ˲ָֽʵȻǻЩ鷳ԸǵĻѾ㹻ˡ
̫ţǻ˵ġƷһЦͻȻֳ𸮣ֵ磬˵ĻһΪ㡣
˵꣬Ʒֱӽȸ֮СƷɲɵӣǵҪĿȣƷȻᱣȡ
ռħ㵣ŭѡ
Ǻǣǵģܿϧɣ粢ƿռҪõڤ֮ģȥɣƷ缥ЦȱƷ𸮻סħҲǿԼȥѹ
ƷСѣ˵ÿʹ죡ħЦ
ߣôˣǿԺú÷йһˣСһĦȭưӣԵսӡ
Сĵ㣬ħһﲻеôöԸħѵһڿ֮¡
ᰣǿнʮûˣǸýᰣǵýأħŷЦ
ޣ
Ʒ֮⣬ħȽǼǾ㵵ŷħ
ޣΪڤϼĴʼˣʱ޵ʵҲ۷弶ʵ
˵ϼڽʮǰͻȻرݻ٣ʮˣҷ𡣶ΪϼĴʼˣȴҲ
ǵģȷʵڤ壬ȴ⵽ȺС˵Ⱥ뿪ڤ֮ұѲڤ塣ǱУΪþһտԸѣħ˵
Ц뿪ڤ壬ʼջڤѪڵǵòȻڤݣΪĻᵱħ𣿡ħЦ
ߣڤҲкö֣֮ڤΪλΪħĹУΪЩ࣡Ʒߵ
ûֵܾڤˣҲЩСˣʶֻзֵܣʲôޣħŵ׾ҲǶħĻΪȻ
ЩħҲԵúܸжһֱδµİǿԺúõжˡ


1428 սϣ
ħɣЦǺǣðɣҲǶ˵ˣǾʵ¼°ɡ
ţᰡţһͬħǵƷǳ˫Ӫš
ಣಣ
ƷĵҲصߣټϷħħ׾켫ħټϽײõСĻʮһλħǿߵʵϾƷĵɶħнʵ
ǺǣƷ磬û뵽ħ֮оȻߣֻǿϧʵ̫޴ˣԵõڤ֮ĵĻɳΪħϵߡħЦ
ΪһߣǽƷͲҪƷǾȻոǾͰնԸǣ
ǺǣǵģڵȷʵǺǿźǣҵ֮УǼ˵ġħЦ
ҵҪˡƷɫһ䣬չһӣƾ֮䣬ֳߵӰ
һħĺɫôͻȻðλħǿߣħ֮иûġ
ħҲǼ𾪣˺ӥ֮⣬λħǿߣûнӴƷصҲʵ̫ˡ
û˱ĴޡĴ޵ʵٽڱħнףֵĻԸһλħнǿ߾û⡣
ңڶħǿߣ֮ǰʶƷǱ̬ķս壬Ǿӵ˲ָҲԱȫռƵڶħǿ߸׵Ļˡ
СһϵأʵͬѰҪСİص˵ǵһۼħʱ򣬱㱻ħɢǿסˡ
֪Ʒ΢΢ͷħ˵ҵҪǲǻ治
Ʒ磡صĿŭƷ磬ҧгݵ֪ʮ֮ǰ͵ȶ·
ϧûˡƷɫһһɱ
䣬Ʒ⣬˻֮⣬ؽҲһͬȥħɱȥ֮еĻ˵вĻΨħ飬ֻҪȥħ飬ǽеһбˣƷҪϧһдۣҪȳȥħ顣
浽ȲѵʱƷ绹ᶯԸħ飬ڻûҪ
ƷĻħɱ˱ˡϾʤƷһǿԪֻҪһܣƷĻʩԪգǱ˲ָҲֵסԪķ֮
ʱħһƷطɱɫأֱֳһѹĲҰɫ֮ǶһȭͷСͷɷǹ졣
ħѹĲҰɫڤڤѪ齣˽֮ǿɶֵ֮뾫Ѫ
ħֳѪ齣ʱһɭµɢ˳
ƷʵΪǿֱ˹ȥ
ಣ
Ʒ˲ӵħǰڳ˫ȭǿҵĽâƶһɾ޲صĺħ顣
ħ֪Ʒ֮ŹѪ⣬ӭƷ˫ȭ֮նȥ
䣡
һ죬⻪ɢ䣬ħһ£ȻƷ˻ȥ
Ʒ΢΢һҲûͿɶԸħ飬Ͼħʵǲڴħµһǿ߿֮¡
ĵԪƷڳб㽫˻ղҲȥļħʵѡ
ಣಣ
Ʒ𽣣֮ս벻ֱ֣Ƶħǰ
ƣ
Ʒһֱǿһնȥ
ݣ
һ޳ĽռҪ˺ѿһ㣬Яһɾ˵ħ顣ƷڿħʹƵĽԵֲ
ħҲСһѪɣ
͵ģħӭźὣһɨ϶һѪɫ⻡һɼµ֮ǿƷһ
䣡
˫⻪֮ռ䶼Ҫһ㣬ҵŤţɫʲһǿ⣬ҵıܣ񱩵Ű
ƷħΪ˭Ҳʾ
ȻħɫԵüΪȣƷʵɵ£Ʒڿħ֮󣬵Ҳûдﵽħ߽׼ĲΣƷһȴ㹻ħһ⡣
ȻƷӵеĿɲ塣
ಣಣ
ƷĽս벻߼ս壬ӵųԽƷǿرƷħ֮󣬽սķѾԳħ߽ǿߵ͸˵ǿԴﵽ˲佫Ʒɱʵôӵвħ绹Ҫӱ̬
ħһŭѣߣһѲ
䣡䣡
ƷĽս벻ͬʱħ顣
ǣħ龹Ҳ㣬һЦеľ͵ǿ˼֣ݺݵĽƷ˳ȥ
飡飡
죬ƷǿĽݺݵĻħ顣
ħ⵽˾ҵҲ˳ȥ
ǣħȴһ˺ûܵƷЦǺǣ˵ˣҪûȫ㹻ʵңҾǼӵв
Ʒɫأħ˵û֮УûоԵĽħħ˲ָ͵ӵвˡ
ֻʱסһˡƷ簵ħȻӵ˲ָڵܸûĵʱɡ
ţƷ𽣣֮طٶɱȥ
ħȻ壬ӭȥ
䣡䣡
ŰƷؽϣħ鶷ذ
ƷҲڵȴһᣬϾ𸮴ռ֮У洢ǿԪֻҪһлᣬƷٶʹϣͿڲ¶Ըħˡ
һߣҲǶüҡ
ħħ׾켫ħλħ֣һͬս˱ǡΪ֮Уħ֮⣬ǵвҲΪ֮
ʵǿһ˶ԶλħǿߣҲôɵġ
λħĬƺ޼ϣĺϮűǡ
ǽһˣûκεԮֵλħǿߣȷʵмֳħǸѹסˣֻӭܣȴҲκεķᡣ
ݣݣ
켫ħ׾ʩħֺ˱ǡ
ʢŭӽնȥ
䣡
һ죬ȥλħֹǱҲǱ˼֡
ħħ˫һ裬Ƽ˹ȥһǰһ󣬻ӽ۶
ɫ΢䣬ȥ
ħʹñȥųȥ
ݣݣ
âϮ˱ǡ
ǸûκδϢĻᣬֲִټӽȥ
أһ
ֱ˳ȥԵЩǱ
һֶԸңⲻö𣿡ŭλħֿȷʵѶԸӵ˲ָڵǻĵġ
Ϊ̫Ƶˡħ٩
ţλħһͬΧ˹ȥκһ˿Ļᡣ
ǾͿжͣǷŭѣ˲ָƵǱǻҪʲô


1429 ս£
䣡䣡
׾죬սһƬ
ħλħ֣ڱǡ
ħǵȻ֪֮лжµԷħǲŻչκδϢĻᡣ
Ҳ÷һ㣬޸֮չ˷ķ
ݣݣ
һĽâϮȥǾҲȫڵֵӽɨȥâеһâԼ˫۳ĳűħȥ
˷ˣħһִΪѵԼô𣿱ǾȻһѡԼ
ɱϹ˲ڱħǰӽ̹ȥ
ħȻ֪ƾԼǱǵĶ֣ҲԴУеĳһĺע룬ӭűǵһȥ
أһ
ǵĽ̫ǿħһ𣬺пסһѪ˳ıǸһ˳ȥ
ǲģҺξ壡һ⣬ƱҪȥħһ㣬Źٶȼ۶ȥ
ħ˵ס˱ǡ
ݣݣ
ֻ֮ӽն˱ǡ
Ȼӵǿ޸ҲûôԸŷħ˺ԼĵǷǳġ
תǺὣһɨһ޳Ĺ⻡ͬưϮ˿
䣡
һ죬ɢһƬƬѤĹ⻪ħֵǷǳǿģܵʵʵ˺ҲǱ˻ȥ
Ϲû°ɣ׾ʵ
û£ˣһֻ湻ݵġħŭűǡ
СģһѾپˣǱֽѹסκηĻᣡħص
ǵҪûǳһļ۶
ħǲУأǿǿ֣ס˱ǵÿһǣȻչ񲻶ϵĺ
¡¡
һ죬㱬ɢ˵ӿϮħϽܣγһܵĹһ㣬Ǳڡ
ģŭһѾˣħǵĹʵ̫ˣǾôͻƳȥĻص˺ĵܴ
ħڽǵĸס֮󣬱ϵĹűǣϵСΧȦԷѰȱڳƳȥ
ǿӭϵʱ̶֣Ȼܹٵ޸ʹ໹޷ȥģÿ޸ʱڵһʧ
֮£Ƿŭ˼£ŭ
䣡
ϱ俪һǿὣһɨǿнħǵĹȦ
һˡ
˫һ裬ס˱ħ˹ȥ
ңħһŭһ㳯űնȥ
佣һɨֱȥħĹݺݵĽԱħ𿪡
ͣ
ħѪ˲Сش
Ϲ
֮Ϊĵ׾켫˹ŭһնǡ
飡
һ죬𳤽ס׾һȴ켫һĹһֻӲı켫һն
䣬һֱӽ˸𿪡
ಣ
ڵɱ˱ħ֮Уȥۣǹ³˳
ħɫĵ˫ۣܴȥӭǵĹ
裡ħǽкһ˹ȥôܸϱǵٶȡ
˲䣬ǱƵ˱ħǰǿħֱѹס˱ħ
ħƣ֣ҲǼĳ𳤽ȥ
Ȼڱһնһ̣һɫĹӰͻȻǵǰƷĻ
һƷĻܵľһ£ҲԵ÷ǳķŭеĽûֹͣͬƷĻһ˺նȥ
ϾûнӴƷս
͵һ£ƷĻڱǵһſµĻԪ𣬳ΰĴ͸ǵһֱӺڱǵĻ塣
ʲôӾö˳
䣡
һξ죬ڱǵĻ֮ھ𣬱Ȼ岻ϾûзӦͲ֪ƷĻȻֱӹԼꡣ
һ£ǳ˶ݵĻ㱡
֮䣬һ˸Űɫ׵ľӰֱűǵͻ
ǷӦ֮Ѿû㹻ʱȥֵֻǿĹԼ
䣡
һ죬ʹһͬڵĵ˳ȥ
ħһ£ֱƷĻСֵʱžӦ˹Ǽˡ
ǰȺú˰ɣһǻԸС
ϷҿɾͷˡħЦæһ߻ָơ
ԭѾﵽħнʵС廯뱾Ե׵ԣȱҲԶˣοֻƷĻЭǼֱ绢
ħǼСƷĻ֣ΪϲԸҲҪˡ
شܿ͵õ˻ָֻĴ۾˲ٵŭĶСԸղСǰԵһԼ˶Զˡ
ǿƷߵ˶Щ
ô䣬ôСƷĻôԮħǡ
ܼ򵥣ѾˣҵС
һ㶣һȥʧȥ˹Ӱ
ʣµĲţҲǻıԵ
ĴֶԸᰣħķӰԸţȫƵʵǲҲǳŲ˶ˡ
ɫһͣеŭܿƣǷҰްŭһеŭıСɱ˹ȥ
С⣬ıǣСû
ţСХһһ׵ĶűǺ䶥
ǿûȫʧȥǣһ׺ӡ
ǳŽֵ
¡¡
һɫĺڱǵúͷǱ֡
ಣ
С磬żȥ
ƷĻҲԹۣС˹ȥ
СƷĻϣǼֱҡ
ǷŭѣһĽâӻ
Сμ죬֣ƷĻڱǵĽǿޱȵĳӹȥ
ɫ䣬ۼСѸ׼ĳ֮ǰ
䣡
һ죬Сֱײڱǵ⻪䣬һɾ˵ӿɾ޴ĳСǸԷˡ
ಣ
ƷĻֱӳ˹ȥٶȺڱǵĻ塣
ʹţֶˡ
ಣಣ
ħλħϮǿһûնǡ
¡¡
죬⵽ΪصϮϵѪ⣬˺ѿһ顣
ȻǵƻǺܿõ˻ָڵҲĵʵ̫ˡ
䣡
һٴϮĺڱǵϡ
ǻδӦ⵽Сһ׵ĺ
ţСȥһɨϵıֱ罣ķűǵӺȥ

ǲҽһ֧顣
ţƷĻ֣ǿĻԪ𣬿ӿڱ֮
ڱʹĲҽ֮֮꣬Ϊҽڵħǿᡣ
ǣʹ˲䡣


1430 ֲ
䣬ڿཻеĲţڶħǿ֮߳ʱ֮ɫ
СǿɲǿʹǲҪƣСǻᣬ֮󻼣ǵ˼
ҵĽ䡣
ʱƷ˫طħ鼤
䣡
˫Ա𿪣ŭĿӡ
ţӶŵΧסħ顣
⡭ħȫɵˣħ˶һܣѾʧȥ˱ǵӰɫû뵽Լ֮УǾȻôͱɱˡ
Ǻǣħ飬ıҲΪֹˡħЦš
һȺħһɨƷڣЦʵǺǣҲʡ鷳ˣǾһɣ
ߣҪһʬΣСߵ
ЦΪˣΪô׾ͿԶԸֻҪ粻٣Ҿǲ𣡡ħ
ߣʱ㻹˲񣡡׾һ
ˣҶԸһɡƷͻȻ˵
һ㶣ħЩõĶƷ˵ƷСֵܣɲǶϷʱ֣ܳȥһ
֪ĺһĽһƷħ˵ѰǵѹϵĻħȷʵһĶ֡
ⲻƷԸǶƷ˵ǳ洦
˳˼˻Ȼ֪ħʵǿҲƷοҲô׾ͿԴݻٵġ
ҪСġħ˵
һģҲԲܵġƷ˵
˵ͷűһߣһĻ
ħҲһ£תЦǺǣƷ磬湻ֵģҲ湻ģҵҪδң
ƷɫһĴ𸮴ռееԪڱ»ټϻعĻȻֳػǳ֮⣬ؽϣʵȫܹ϶⼶ħ߽ǿߡ
ħǶƷķսǹ˼ɣȻƷܹԼսĻħ;ûмֻᡣ
͵ģħеһնһ޴Ĺ⻡Ʒؽݺݵĺն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬޲ӿ˶ĸоħһжôĿֲΪɫǣħһȻǱסˡ
ħ龪㵲ѡ
ȻƷֳػֱӵƷؽ֮ǰػֳһʥĽɫڣ̺һδ֪صȻȵĵסħһ
ûػӵмǿػԽסԽƷǿеĹ
˺ȻƷķս壬ǿһһ̬
Ʒ⣬طػɢıħ顣
ħ鱩ŭĻһâϮȥ
Ʒطǿͬ٣ܹһâ˲ӵħ
ƣƷһǿ֮һնħ顣
ħ麧ȻɫѪ齣ҫǿҵѪ⣬ӭƷһȥ
䣡
ɾռ侪ͲѤĹͬĹӿϮŤĿռſ񱩵ܿƶȥ
һƷû·磬ħս˸ƽ֡
أһ
ƷħǸԷ˿ȥ
ಣಣ
ƷĽս벻ͬ߳ƳӶڳһȭĶħȥ
ħŭһֺὣһն
䣡
ƷĽս벻ˣɼħʵжôǿ
ħ黹δƷĻһ㣬ħĹֱӴħڵ˹ȥ
ħǿȽǿͻȻ֮ҲǱƷĻŪûһ¡
ţƷͻȻħǰ
͵ģȭǿһȭֱħؿϺȥ
ƷǿǱħ߽׼սһȭжôǿ
ħշӦѾ޷ȥסƷޱǿһȭ
䣡
һ죬ħֱӰ˸ţؿ⵽Ʒػ˺ѣѪǱĵ˳ȥ
Ʒ籾ּ˹ȥ˲ħ𽣣ޱȣǿҵİɫ֮⣬һͬѵһ㣬ħ˺ն¡
ħɫ䣬ĳһӭȥ
䣡
һ죬ħʱ͵ֵסƷޱȵһ
ħʹһƷݺݵĻ˳ȥ
ܿ죬ħסΣȫѪܣ˫۷ȺɫѪ˿ŭƷ磬ȻЦ磬Ҿǲ𣡡
ħŹѪ⣬Ѫԡ֮£ħԭܵƣܿõ޸ֻ˲ٵ
ƷɫƽãҲɺú֣
֣ħһӦŭķ֮ƷоȻǳֵİӡ
ţʢŭеħֳɱȥ
ͻȻ
䣡䣡䣡
һ죬о𡣶⾪죬֮У֮⡣
Ҳ˵֮⣬ǿչǿҵĺ
һʵ벻ףʱ˭ħ
ң洫һ޴ĳʵǲס
ƷҲ΢΢üЦǺǣħ飬ĳҿ治١
ħ֮ɫΪˣȻ֪˭
ħǷһ㣬֮ѪʼȼһɼֲӿȫԽħ鱾ʮǿ
ȼѪƷһ㶣Ҳܺ棬ͻȻǰǿԮʲôݣȻƵħȼѪ
ãħɫ䣬ħʵȼѪɵöǿ
ħЦţĽеƷ磡ҾƴҲҪͬھ
𣿡Ʒ缫ǲмڷеħ飬Ȼڱ¶Լгħ֮⣬ɶԼεѡ
ţƷ㰵ת֮תΪǿĹ
ˣƷϰĻǿתΪκ֮
Ȼ֮䣬ƷȻҫһǿҵİâһʥ͵ϢŹӿɢ˿۵İ׹⣬ڸסеһС
ţƷҲתΪΪ˹
֮ôܣħ֮ɫʼն벻ףƷôй֮֮УǿεĹ֣Ǿġ
ħãǿԵĻ֮⣬ɾͲͬˣԾҪ֮ѹơ
ȻħЩҲ׵ľסˣƷչֳѾȫĳԽǵ֪ħ֮УҲҲڶƷֲ̬Ĺˡ


1431 ħ
ħɫȻˣ
ʵ̫ˣƷϵĿħ֮屾аأΪֻйĴڣͲϳ
磿ǺǣҲˡƷһЦһսף
תƷһսס
͵ģƷطս壬ЯǿĹֱħ˹ȥ
ħŭʢüΪķ
йΣҲһͬɥħŭһ˫Ѫ죬ֱѪ齣ޱаѪǿʢޱȡ
ݣ
ͬƿռһ鶯һ޳ѪɫâŭĶųеƷնȥ
Ʒ޾ɫ֮Ужʱֳܣս˫ط£ƾŶӵǿĹħһͳ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ħһصĺƷϣűһɻҵĹ⻪еҰ̼䱻ס޾ӿ
ħǾѣǿ֮£ѱȽƶˣϾǿʵ̫ǿˡ
䣡
һ죬ƷϵĽܣȵĿסħһͬ˰ĹӿϮħ齣еɡ
ħ龪ֵĵɴ˫ۣħȼѪƴһȻƷȵĵסˡܵĶ˼ľɫħдѪ˳ȥ
ಣ
ƷطǿΪף˻֮⣬תΪǿĹ
˲䣬ƷĻݺݵħꡣħ״̬֮ҲǱΪĴ
͵һ£ħ֮⵽˾ҵشԸо֮һ㣬ʹ಻ѡ
ţƷս벻ȫݺݵĶʹеħͻ˹ȥ
¡¡
һ죬ؽǿħһ˿ֵûУ޴Ѫ¡
ħʹһٶȾɡ
Ʒ˫һ裬һֳ𽣣ͬһ㣬˲ħӰͬеһ㣬ӽħ飬ħһ㣬˸߾ħͷ֮
ħع־ļƷѾϵԼǰ˸źħǳ׵ľˡ
Ǻǣ˵ˣһܽܵġƷĮЦЦһǿҰâĶħնȥ
ħ׹Ԩ˺ѷΰľҽС
䣬ħ㱯лΪ˷顣
Ȼڻħ֮ǰ֮ħѱƷȥ
䣡
һ׾죬ֲӿԭƬѪɫĿռ䣬ʧȥħά֣Ҳܲסǿľ
ħɫչֵ
֮Ӱһֱڶħչҵĺ
ǿ
Ҫˣ
˾ѣԵ
䣡
һ죬ضƺΪ֮һ񱩵ŰħľŵһǿĽҲݻ١
ţ֮ħϽļǵˣľȻĿõһֱյʥĶħȻ¿մ׹䡣
¡¡
޴Ķħ˵֮Уʮ֮أĸод𶯣̳һƬ޴Ģơ˭ҲţħȻˡ
ಣಣ
һӰ̳еĳڸ߿֮ɫ¿մȥĶħȻħǵˣδȥħǿжôľˡ
ʱħ֮УƷӰȴʧˡ
ֱ̳ɢȥҿ񱩵ɢ
һ£Ʒȣһͬ˵ǰ
ƷЦ⣬ɫΪһֱȻ˶ħµһĻ
Ʒֵܣ㡭ʵǡ׾ɫĶƷ˵ǰԼƷսƷǴˡ
ҡҲףΪڻй켫㵵˷֪Ʒ֮⣬˽һɻɫ
ǺǣҵʱȽɡƷ΢΢һЦϾƷҲ֪νͣǷǳ
˵ɣǼλʵɲ򵥡ħ
ƷԵú򶨣ܹȥݻˣҲǵˣЦǺǣղſɶлλˡ
䣬֮䣬ʱֳӰ
ˣڷӣɫϣɢǿϢȴǶԵü𾪣ɫĶƷһˡ
ΪǶ֪ħЩħ鶼ѾЩ˵С

ħ˲һԵüΪľȡ
Ʒһ㶣ѭΪ׵Щɫȥ
λϵϢܹ֣Ѿﵽħ߽׼ǿξ磬ȴԶԶûдﵽħ߽׵ʵԵλӣȻħн׼ʵԸо˵ʵʵҪȱǿࡣ

ѵǶħĵ·
Ǻǣֵܣԭǰ·΢΢һЦ
㲻ǡħʡ
˵⣬·ԵüΪʹޣŭұһٹڵ֮£û뵽ħǾȻڤ˹ᣬڱչ֮У͵Ϯˣʹ˱طȻɥЩɵͽСղҸоħеķЩ䣬ұλѸϵû뵽ǣǾȻǸˡ
˵ţ·Ʒһкʶˣ·ȴ֪ղǹǿϢԴƷǵϡ
ߣҲû뵽ħǻڤ˹ᣬȻҪءħŭ˵ղ֮Уħǳ˴
±ϾǳǶħУңڴ˸λ˵Ǹˡ˵ţ·ǸĹһ
޹ءħ
Ϊܵشʹ˱طȻڴұи֪ǡãλȻ£ǴݻħǵıǸм·̾һֱƷǵݷǳ֮棬ƷЦǺǣ⼸λѿɺ
Ʒ磬ƷСҲ΢ʩһ
Ʒ磡·Ȼһ˸ԵúܾȣƷ硣
Ʒ΢΢ͷ
·ЦһΪƷ߿ǽħʢһ治ȻħгЩٵİ࣬Ʒħǣħ֮
ЦˣƷҵƷǫ
ʱλǰһƷʵʣǷĿħѪ


1432 
һʣƷ΢΢һ
ϾƷѾħսˡ
Ʒʣδ̶λǣ
Ǻǣ˵ƷӦòеİǿλϣұϿ顣ǰɫ̷ѺõЦɫơ
ĳϣһλɫΪӸŵ
ԭǿλϣʶλϣƷҡƷ籧ȭ
ˡЦЩȻǿδвħ֮£ħ֮ҲΪģĴǿҲǵ֪˲٣һɫǷ
˵ЦˣֵĻλϿҵǰƷ˵
Ʒǫ飬ҲǺøб
ţ־ʵˣƷߣĴ֮УϿĿħѪ֪Ϊ٣
ûƷ΢΢ͷҲûЦǺǣ˵ħ֮ĻڷΪһλԵá
˵ҲӦˡЦЦֵпգǿһۣǵĵǶƷ߷ǳͣǿҲҪƷ߽ѡ
ǺǣһһƷЦ
ˣƷߣˡðɷǼĿħ֮壿鲻ɵ
ƷѰ˼˻ҲûʲôףǺðɣ
ţƷһһǿƱɢѪⷺģƷһһ㣬˲ħս壬ԾĶţɫаȡ
Ʒıħս壬ҲǲԵرľȡ
˻Ʒ㳷˿ħս壬΢΢ЦǺǣλϼЦˡ
ҡͷľȻڵĿħѪûдﵽǿħĴħ壬ѾԴﵽħ״̬֮Уܴﵽħ״̬˿Ϊ֮٣ͳħѪҲڿħ弶״̬һֱδͻơ
ǰƷܹǵʥؿħ֮Դϴ˵Դﵽħռ״̬ŵɫȻΪƷҲʹﵽħļ״̬û뵽ƷѾԽǡ
ռ״̬ƷһԭڷõĹҲֻ״̬ѾǼˡ
ռ״̬ȫԽ״ֻֽ̬ǵĵԽ״̬˵ͷ˵ƷߣˡֱԣֽĿħս壬߱ǿħͳѪǱ޴ܹʥؿħ֮ԴϴĻ˵кܴĻͻƵħռ״̬
лλϣƷ綨ᾡǰȥħݷáƷ˵ħ֮ԴƷȻ֪ʲôо԰ԼٵʵƷԴҲǷǳȤ
Ǻǣʱӭ΢΢һЦ
λϣȻħͽѳȥħʵ˲١ħص˵
ǰڵǺܹ飬ⲻǱǺŪǵİɣħʵ
Ȼ֮½ħȷʵǳЩ⡣·ɫص˵ƻָ֮λϣλ˵Щ⣬Ȼһͬǰȥ쿴ĿռȷʵǲҪָˣ֮ڵڤ壬ҲҪռָɡ
ǵģ˺Ǳһֱ򸽽Ѳ飬ħȴʱˡ˵
Ȼٹ֮£ħм̳һЩһܹƿصģҸоħôĶ֮ҲŻλϸϹҵǣȻˣħͱЩħͽǱˡ·˵ɫҲǳʹ֮ɫϾЩͽǿɶǳڶħһǶħλԪϡ
ǶҲǷǳ֮ģǰȥһͬ쿴һƷͻȻ˵
ǺǣƷǷҲܹһЩ˶Ǿһ˰ɡ·Ц
ƷͷĵĵڤʵϾƷеõôħ񣬶ʱڿǿʵƷΪصģҪ̽ĴŻָʱѣҲ׼
ţ˱еķȥ
ħʮľ롣
˲ãƷǱķΧ
ɼǰ֮һƬȻγɵľ޴ռ
ռ˼壬ǾǱѵĿռ䡣ѵĿռϣԱγ˿µĿռħ֮£Ǳռ룬ضǣħǿ룬ҲǾһ
ϾħеĿռ̫ǿˣĿռҲԽӵĿֲǿռǺܴģħǿҪȥѡһƬռ䣬ԽħһƬռ䣬ͨҪռдȥĻҪôﵽӿռʵҪôӵһЩطǸһЩصĴۣƬȼĿռдȥ
ڣƷǽվķΧĸоռĿ񱩵ϢһƬƬ̶Ŀռ˺֮˵ľȴ
룬Ƭռħеλ߾Ⱦжວˡ
ÿ¡Ⱦֵ
ȷʵܿ¡Ʒ΢΢ͷչԵ룬ȴһɿ񱩵Ŀռ˻
ƷɫһҲŻһ¡
·ƺоƷɫϵһЩ䣬ѵƷߣеĿռǳ֮ǿħ߻⵽ɡ
Ʒ˵ͷеĿռȷʵǿ
򵽵أħһɫʵ
Ǻǣǲ޳ǵȻое⡣·ЦЦȻ˵Դγ֮ʱԳڱչؾޣеҲûȫķ£ҶĶĹ۲죬⼸еĿռҪ࣬Դ󵨵Ķ϶ʮ꣬ƬҲ޷赲ڤˡ
ʮ꣡
һɫأϾħʵ࣬ʣ¶ʮ궼ܲʱħ˵ʲô¡
е벻ףȻҲ֪жĵ򣬵ǱĿռ䣬ڤҲɣȺȻ˵ϾеĿռʵ̫ˣҪ棬붼˸е
ǵģڱڵĿռȷʵǺ档ΪȼΪĿռ棬ǿҵ޵ھǵǱܣܹĿռдˣʵضǷͬСɣ˭ҲҶϲ⣬ڤʵжǿ·ص˵
澳棬ܹ޵ļ˵ǱܡĻƷᣬڤʵԲеô򵥣ܹѹ


1433 ʵ
˵˵ɫأڤĵϸ˭Ҳ
ǺǣȻֽħʧ˲СڻƷ߼λټǿħԸڤҲ˵رѡЦȻ鲻֪ƷδħǵģҲħ߽ǿ߿
ʮ꣡㹻ˣڤҾͱ֤֮أƷݺݵ˵
һħǼʶƷǿ̬ʵٶȣǷǳƷҲΪƷڿˡ
ָʱҲҵһ²⣬ܻٳЩҲܻЩʱҪ׼·֣ص˵
ǺǣھȻħͽǾɣԷ⡣ħЦ
λĻڶħĻλģ޶⡣·˵
˵ЦˣǵȻŵˣָ֮ǰǾڶħɡħ˵
ƷҲûħĻԵһʱеĶ
΢΢ͷ˵ǵûȥ顣
Ҳá·
Ǿȸˡ鹰˹֣ƷЦǺǣƷߣǿǷǳڴİݷáǵܹǿħʥؿħ֮ԴϴĻʵǴ洦ԽڤԿĻҲǷǳġ
õģȹЩӣǰȥݷáƷ繰ֵ
ǡ
󣬿ȥ
ƷǴ˺˶ħ֮С
Ȼħǵˣħеڲһȴûܵ𺦣ֻʧȥѡ
·ضħ֮󣬱㿪ʼٶħвҲЩµͽЩͽĻǱĻ֮
˺󣬹ڶħڲ֮£Ҳ֪֮
ħ֮УŴ֮£޲𾪣û뵽ħӵϵλλԪ뻤Ȼͽħ壬ڴȥʱħҲһƬ޴ĺ䶯
ֱ˽¡
ħҲǶˣΪ˶ԿԺڤ֣ƷҲ˱չ֮С
𸮣ʱռ֮С
ڴˣƷµһ˿ɶ֮С
Զħоһ£Ʒõħ٣Ŵﵽħ߽ƷģſħнƷǷյĻٵʵ
ȻƷҲ˽ĵģȿµƷҲ⴫Դ˴νЩħħǲ֪ħҲǸڽбչء
Щħеķ䣬ƷϸĿǹˡ
СеİԵԣ廯ԵһŸ߽ײħСաڵڶŴħõħ̺ڤҲȽϴԱȽʺգڤɷؼҪõڵڤ֮ģڹ˽Ʒ綼Ҫȵʵ
󣬱Ƿˡӥ˶Ѿﵽħ׾磬Ʒħա
ǽ֡סǧĻǻδͻħ磬ҲǲԶˣƷҲֱħ񣬶Щħ̺ҲܴҲ̫ʺϡ
ʱռ㹻ʱ䣬ƷҲŽҲܹͻƵħ磬ƷҲΪǱħֻҪǳɹͻ֮󣬱ħٶȽס
ħƷҲ֮ͻƵԪھĿԷǳСƷ罫һħɵڶա
ڤֵʱԶʮĻƷҲ㹻ʱ䣬ֻҪеķʵˣٶȺĻƷͻƵĿԲŻȽϴ
һУƷƻеĽС
СЩħߣʼչħеǿ
Ҳǽ˳ʱԵıչأȡͻƵħ硣
ƷһЩħ֮Ʒǿռ֮С˵СǵʵΨһȱٵıûгֵ
ԣƷصǿռ֮УõһЩħʼǿ˽ۺʵǴǿ
ƷҪһſռģû뵽Ʒֽľ磬ȫ޷һſռ䣬ƷרоЩħˡ

ʱ䣬Ĺȥ
תۣȥ˽¡
µʱʱӵ˽ʱ䡣
ΪСǵʵҲǵõͻԵĽǡ
⣬Сħ߽Ʒħ֮ʱռ֮ǰѾɹͻƵħ߽׵ľ磬Ȼֻһµʱ侲޽й̾硣
ˡӥҲʱռһǰɹͻƵħн׵ľ磬Ȼﻨµʱ乮̾磬Ϊ
ˣҲʱռµʱ䣬ɹħ硣Ȼڴ˺һµʱٶħ񣬳ɹͻƵħн׵ľ磬ֻǾ粻رḶ́ʵϲһЩڤֵʱ仹лʱ䣬Ҳǻй̾ٶȾΪĻᡣ
ƷҲΪ˴һʺϵ˵ۺʵٶǿ
˵ƷڵĻѾӵλħ߽ǿߣλħнǿߣϷħħʵ֮ǰҪǿࡣ
յãʱ£˱㼯ˡ
µʱ䣬СǱõ˿ԽԵʵ㹻ħеʷ¼˰ɡ
֮ƷǱڶħ֮С
Ϊµʱ䣬ħǻڱչ֮Уڶħ֮УΨ·һˣżеĶ
γصĻҲΪˣƷķ֪ڿǰһͬء
֮УƷ롣
ʱڴ֮У·λھ
ֻǣ·ǼСһ˵ʱ򣬸оСɢϢ֮ȫͬƣ𺧲ѡ
ǣͻˣ·һƷƲǣѣһԽܵӡ
Ϳ˵Ŀ࣬ΪǸͿ͸ǵʵǳµʱ䣬ǵ˺ε֮Ȼܹʵô̬
ǵġƷ΢΢ͷϴһǿҵŸС
Ʒ˿϶Ļش·Ѿһ亹ˡ
ȻҲܼƷǵʵԽǿԿڤȡʤո
þã·ŴлعЩ˵λ˵ɡ
ţƷǱλ
·лǾþδƽڼƷЩڶʱʵš
ΣƷ˴гŵա
ãûʲôر·صλҲ˵ˣǱҲʱעֻҪһκεĶ̸
ԺҲħУʱӦ֮䡣Ʒ˵
ǺǣƷ߼λҲͷˡ·Цá
Ʒ΢΢ͷԿЦˣϣǿԵĻ뼴ձǰȥݷǵ
ǺǣΪ¶ǼҪˡЦ
ձλһͬǰƷЦ
Ǿ̫ˡϲЦ
Ʒʵδеõнչǿħ֮ԴҲǷǳڴܹħսΪǿı״̬ڶԿڤƷиİա


1434 
գƷŷλǰ
ǲ˵ֻƷ磬ƷϷͬҲûʲôֵֻΪƷƫƫֻϷˣҲûʡ
СǵĻڶħ֮УƷﵽħнʵĵһڶ壬Ƿֱ˶ħ򸽽
ħ֮䣬ǺԶԼĪнľ롣
ԣƷǽʮӵʱ䣬˿ĵ
Ʒ뷲ĵ֮Ե÷ǳ㵡
ԭΪΪħ֮ʵħ֮£Ͼǹģܴ衣
£Ʒ뷲ģһƬڿеĵ۵һħΧȴһǶûУԿһЩɢҵСеĿħʵǲ̫Զ˰ɣ
ƺƷе󣬱ǰɣ˵һǿħʱҲǲš
ȷʵеĲ˺ԶƷ
ǿħΪ˱֤ӵдĿħѪκεѪǿҲ˶ҵ鲻̾
ƷҲףҪ֤ĿħѪԲɲѪȻħ˶ƷȴǿԸоձʵǿһЩ֮ͯ⣬϶Ѿ߱ħϵʵԶڸħص˶߱ħĻʵҪǿࡣ
ԣħΪħ֮ǿ壬Բԡ
Ʒ뷲˱ſǣֱǿħȥ
ܿ죬˿
˵ħ˶ǷǳǿʢԻ͵ģԲȶħй֮
ɲǶħӵڽƶȣԿĹʽ빬ֻ࣬ڿзǿĽ
ģƷڿ֮С
̤ĸоһϵϢηĴлھѲУЩʵϴﵽʵ
ЩڼǵʱҲǷ׷׹񣬶Ʒ뷲˵ʱԵЩȡ
Ϊλ϶ƷǶԵúܿħ֮Уλ˿ˣΪǳ֮٣Щħǿ߶Ʒ뷲˶˵ȴȫԵ÷ǳİ
ȻЩҲȥʲôſǹ֮󣬱뿪ڵѲС
Ǻǣλ룬ǶڵеȺ򡣡ֵ
ͶλˡƷ繰ֵ
ţƷ˱ſλһ̻Ի͵Ĵȥ
һ̤ɼ
λ֮ϣλĸߴӣüǳһ֮ɫϷ䣬ۣ¹ڳӵһ߰İơ
Ʒ뷲˵һۼλӣҲǰΪľǴΪߵĻƷƴеſ֮⡣
˵˱ǿĵߡ
ħ֮У֮µһˣʵƷҲԶɼ
λ֮£λɫϵߣ׷ͯգϵ׳Ŀ䣬â˸ʵħн׾硣
λߣֱǿеĴϿϿꡣ
󣬻λħǿߣʥˡ
ǣʵ˵ڳ˵ǱʵҪǿΪ˶ӵŴĿħѪ
λƷˣԱҲƷߵѣ˾ߡ鹧˵
ǺǣλɶǿĹͣ΢΢һЦ˫ȴһֱڽƷ磬ҲǰΪľΪƷʵ߾Ȼ޷͸
лƷ繰ֵҲŹֿתλ
ˣҲڽƷ磬ɫ¶־ɫ
ʱҲѰλ
ƷǸ˵ʱ֮࣬԰ݷã¡
Ǻǣ޷ЦЦΪͰ˵ħ֮УƷߣħ֮Ұ
˵ЦˣƷҵԺ뼸λǰչˡƷ
ƷǫˡЦħ֮пɹĴΪ֪࣬ҿĳҲҪƷʶڿˡ
ʶǵҡƷǫʵĻڵһۼߵʱƷ͸оԼߵĲж
Ǻǣ˵ƷΪħ˲ٵͽǳڤħ֮Ϸȿɷǳ֮塣ϿЦ
ǰˡƷЦ
ˣ˵Ʒڿ֮Ѫʡ
ǵģҷãѪ֮ԶƷص
λԣѾﵽ˿ħ״̬ıͻȻľʡ
ǺǣҵðɣȷʵѾﵽ˿ħ״̬ıƷЦ
ǳĬˣǴСû뵽Ʒ粢ǴĿħѪȻܹﵽħ״̬ȷΪˡ
õƷ׿ڿ϶Ҳǰ˼ȻƷܹھǴѪ´ﵽı״̬ҲǵÿǽħѪˡ
ˣλҵСҲӵпħѪѾﵽ˿ħ弶״̬ƷԵķ˵
һ
һȻӣѹƷر÷ͬˣԭҲӵſħѪΪ˵ǣȻҲﵽ˿ħ弶ǿ״̬
üɫе뷨Ҳٶȼᶨ˼֡
Ѱ˼˻߱ƷЦǺǣƷߣλӵѪҲˣ֪ɷңܹλΪˣ
ȻҪ£Ʒǡ
ҲƷ뷲˶ӵпħѪǿܹ£Ļʵ绢
Ʒڳ˼ЦǺǣƷߣǴɷģǿħҲӵоԵɣǿԲκεĸ档
򵥵˵ڿйҸѡ
Ʒ簵Ѱ˼ڿߵ˼ƷҲûġʵħ֮£ƷķչǴ洦οƷǻӵžԵɡ
ţƷЦǺǣǵǵȻԸΪ֮ˡ
ƷλˣʵΪ֮ҡһЦãƷӵбѪ֮ʱ£֮ġ
λǵĻȻûκεԭҲ֮ͳصĹƷǾȻܹڷڴѪ֮´ﵽǿԵı״̬Ҳ㽫ԭΪıعˡ
Ц⣬˵Ʒߣλ֮ˡĹ涨λɶӵнʥؽܿħ֮ԴϴԶλ˵Ǵ洦
ǿɾͶлˡƷϲħ֮ԴƷڴϾڵĿħѪڴܹϴиڵĿħѪʵĻܴ
ǺǣʥлڽϴԾ͵ͷλ졣ЦǺǵ˵
ˣȻСǹ֮ˣЩڱ壬ҲɶЩ˽⡣ƷЦ
ǺǣҲƷǺúó̸һ߻Ц


1435 ħ֮Դ
죬Ʒ뷲˶˿ħ֮У̸뽻ƷҲԿħʷ˽⡣
˵ĻħѾǧĴʷ
ǧ꣬һô˵ݰ
ǧ֮ǰħ綼ڹͨģΪһħս֮֮Уء
һλصǿߣǿнħڤӡλǿߣ˵ǳԽħ֮ϵߡ
һħս֮󣬿ħ֮Ҳ䣬ҿħѪԴ
˵ħ磬ǧĻԹ
ǿ߿˵ߣƷв룬𸮵λйءǿǾܱȼ
δ֪ľ磬ƷҲǳޱȵǿԽħǴﵽƷ绹»벻
ֱ졣
Ʒ뷲˲ŵȵ˽ħ֮ԴĻᡣ
ħ֮Դ˵ɿħ֮ǿħģھħеؾԪħ֮ԴҲǱǧꡣҲڿħ֮Ҳд˹涨ǱˣԿɽ˿ħ֮Դнϴ
ħ֮ԴУӵħǿħ֮ԪҲƷ֪ǿľԪӴı֮Ԫ֮Ԫħ֮Ԫȼ
ħ֮Դϴı֮ˣкܴĻտħ֮Դеõ׵ĻᣬһܹڵĿħѪΪ
Ȼ֮ˣнħ֮ԴĻᣬÿ˶һΣٽħ֮ԴϴĻҲûκЧġ
ԣڿħе˶ǳϧλᣬܲܵõ׵ĻᣬҲҪÿ˵컯
ʱƷ뷲ſλϣ֮ʮ֮һƬڰɽ֮С
һƬɽʻζɣɽΧ֮ڡ
ԼɽΧ֮䣬һԼĪһ򳡴ССˮѪ֮ɫڽӽƬѪ֮У˾ηĸоһɿδ֪Ϣ
ڣƷ뷲ѪϵʱڵĿħѪĪĸо˱÷ǳ֮˷ܣҪѪĳ嶯
ħ֮ԴѰ
Ǻǣǿħ֮Ŀħ֮Դˣħ֮ԪλǽڴˣٶȸڵĿħѪܲٶȽ׵ĻǾ͵ÿǵ컯ˡЦ
лܸλᡣƷм
ʲôλˣĹ涨ÿ˶һνʥصĻᣬ£λҲһͬϿɵġЦ
ƷߣѾӵѪѳˣԵӵдʸ񡣡Ͽ˵
ڸֱӽȥ𣿡ͻȻʣѾֺ޲ħ֮Դĳ嶯Ѫ̼Ϣʵ̫˸е˷ˡ
ǺǣǵģֱӽɣÿһνֻһˣȻǵϴӰ졣Ц
΢΢ͷȻйǿҵĳ嶯ɲռƷͷ磬Ȱɡ
ҲȥɡƷҡͷһЦ
⡭˳ˡ
Ǻǣѵ㻹𣿡
Ҳ˼ֻǡ
˭˭󻹲һȥȥƷ۷ˡ
һɫǡǺðɡ
ţ˱˫¿մѪȥ
ǣѪеʱȴûнκεһ˿ˮҲûκεһƬƣ˸о˽ȥ
Ȼ󣬷˱ʧѪ֮У֮ϣȻƽ羵
Ʒ΢һ£ӵڴ
ɣƷ粻ʵʥϴĻҪõʱ䣿
죬ʮꡣЦǺǣ뷲˾ֽǱȣҪȽϳʱ䡣
ǲǵûѲٵʱ䣿Ʒһ㶣û뵽ħ֮ԴȻҪôʱ䡣
ߵ˵ͷһɫ˵֮Уһﵽħ˧֮ʱɽʥϴ񡣶뷲˾ֽľǿ࣬ϴĻȷʵҪܳʱ䣬Ҳ㻨ʮʱ䡣
ʮ꣡Ʒ羪ȻϾƷʱռĴڣûʱԣʮڿ˵Ạ̊́ܶƷ˵ʱܳ
ңڵʱȣֻڤֵвڣҪƷ뷲˶ϴ͵úʮʱ䣬⻹ôɡ
ߴĦƷ˼ЦǺǣİɣÿ˵˵ģõĻ¾ͿԳˡڿڤ飬㵹̫ġҲǰЩѲˣĻָʱӳࡣ浽ȲѵʱҲǿгأֻǿϴЧࡣ
ðɣǵСнȥɡƷ˵ϾƷڶħǱҲзڣ浽򲻵ѵʱƷҲ̸Ӧʥгء
׼⣿ǣ߲ʡ
ǺǣŵǱȣһֱҪָ㣬ѵд˻ᣬڽ˵Ǵ洦֮¡ƷЦ
Ʒ߿˵ҵĿȥˣҲдءˬһЦƷʵҲһֱǳ档
ԺҪڵˡƷ繰ֵߵʵ֮µһˣ֮

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ʹ죡Ҳ˷ӽ塣
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ҲǷǳƷܹħн׾綯óħ߽ǿߵǱǷǳǿ
Ʒһֱδʹùս壬ҪȻĻ˵ʹÿħ״̬ſһս
ʱ佥Ĺȥ֮䳣ڽʵҲ˲ٵľҲȫ˵ݣƷֵ֮Ҫû䶷ĻƷ߱ĳ̸ǿԳֵˡ
ӣҲ÷ˡ


1436 Ѫе
ʱţ
ת֮䣬ȥ
벻˽ħ֮Դϴ񣬾Ȼ˻δء
ħ֮УҲһƬ֮УȻָҪǰ࣬ҪȫָĻҲûҪʮϵʱ䡣
֮УƷδеõףڳڿߵĽ֮УʵȴǾ˲٣֮Ҳ˲ٵʵʮ֮ƷҲῼٶк塣
գһ
ģһ죬ֱӾħ塣
ƷߵڣŴ˾֮󣬴ΪϲΪһǿҵĶԴʥ֮أҲ˵˺ܿѾǳˡ
£Ʒǣʥء
ʥأȻһľǿʥлԵһƬƽʥˮ֮ϣһϵӰ
ûڷˡ
ʱ˫ۣ˫ȭϲϵĵһѪɫⲨһǿϢҲ췭ظı仯øӵ׳ʵҲԵøӵĳˡ
ȻƷ֮չѪɫ
ûǿħ״̬ӵеıս塣
ɹˣ㵣ǸǾѣ񷲿ȷǴѪĻڿħ֮ԴϴҪб״̬ǷǳѵģҾǿԵĻҲҪȽϳʱ䣬ڷ˽ֻĹѡ
Ȼ͵˫ۣ˵ĺâͷճХһһڵõͻ֮űֳĿܡ
ǿȾһ亹Ȼ뷲ǵ֮ͬڿħѪתΪн׵ħ״̬֮ÿǸоѹ
ҲԵú𾪣˵ıȷʵǳϡ
ʱʹʹй֮󣬱סϵƣƷһˣæϲȥ
磬ǣҿǳɹϴˡǰЦĴк
ǺǣϲСֵܳɹϴءЦڷ˵ĳƺҲǱˣϾΪħˣʵǱȻǴϲ
ţҲǷ׷Ϊ˵ϲ
СòôͳˡƷЦ
磬˶೤ʱ䣿ͷЦʡ
ǺǣˡƷЦ
꣡ô죿㵡
ǺǣСֵܣڵľ˵ѾǺܶˣϷʮءЦ
û뵽ʱô죬ʵ滹ģҪǳɹױˣһôͳءЦЦֶƷ˵磬ɾ͵ˡ
Ʒͷڴ
ƷֵܣȻλСֵܽʱ䣬ạ̊́ͿԷˡЦǺǵ˵
ǰƷȤ磬ҳ֮սʹ졣
ããڴţЦ
ǿɾɵˣ䣬Ʒ߿ɾѾֵ֮ˣһĿ߿ȫˡ
ʱƷֶԷ˵С˴αչҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ҵĶħǱ߻Щ⣬Ȼȥһϰɡ
õġ˵
磬ҿɾȽȥˡƷЦ
Ǻǣɲҵ̫ŶȤЦ
ţƷֱѪ롣
һ£ƷڽѪ֮С
Ʒ߽׵ħռĿԴ𣿡첻ʡ
ǺǣȻŵЦƷ䶷߿ǷǳƷ
ʱƷѾѪС
ǣƷоѪΪһ㣬ΪĸоĸоԼȫƺѪͨΪһ塣
Ѫ棬żǿĿħ֮ƷѪ֮ȫѪǿˮ㳹׵ķȫëţڽѪ֮Уװǿ
Ʒ̲סܳ嶯ѪΪħս壬ڵĿħ֮ѭ
ţƷ㾪ȵĸоѪ֮УһɹӴޱȵĿħ֮ǿӿڣ֮ھѪΪһ塣
֮ƺųƷڿħѪеһЩʣƷڵĿħѪҲʼıþ̥ǣһַǳĸо
ڸ֮УƷ绹ԸоڵĿħѪҲڲϵǿšƷ粻κεų⣬Ŀħ֮ӿڡ
ǿʵĻᣬƷ˷ѡȶϥʼӿĿħ֮š
ħ֮Դſħ֮ڼԴ˴֮ħ֮Ԫ֮أŹ֮ǰձ֮Ԫ֮Ԫʱ򣬵õ˼ͻƣƷտħ֮ԴеɾԪ֮ҲпܵõͻƵĻᡣ
ֻǣƺѪеĿħ֮ԴУżƣÿտõ٣࣬ȴǻʧ
ҲڿħѪľȣƷҲûԶʱͿϴءǷ˵ģѪȷʵǷǳ
Ʒ粻ϵᴿڵĿħѪȻÿһǶǳ٣ÿһƷ綼ԸоڵĿħѪǿš
ոһգ긴һꡣ
Ʒ羡ſħ֮ԴеϵĵõǿڵĿħ֮ҲÿһֿǿΪϲǣеĽӤҲտħ֮Դеǿš
ٶȽȥĻƷٶȳƾĿԺܴ󣬾޷ƣƷҲǿԽек壬ƾؿ
Ʒ羲ʵʱ̶ڽţѾʱϾɲ֮УƷҲܸо絽׹˶೤ʱ䡣
Ψһ֪ǣƷתۼѪѾ˺ܳʱˡ
˿̣Ѫ֮⣬Ӱ
ˣǿλϡ
ʮˣδ𣿡쾪ȻԷ֮ǰľƷӦҲ̫ʱ䡣
ǰ벻ôʮˡ߳̾ԴϰƷ罻֮󣬿ʮǸоȱЩʲô
ʮʱǰ˵Ⲣ
ǺǣϷƷߵõ׵Ļܴ󡣡Ц
΢΢ͷбǷǳƷ֣ͻȻʣˣڵΣ
λѾǰȥ̽ˣʮָԽԽ죬꣬Ҫȫָˡ˵
ô죿üͷҲҪʱ׼ȥӦڤˡ
ֻƷڡ̾š
ͻȻ䣬˺оڲԶ֮ʮɲ̫ԳƵϢֱƶмϢǿ
ʲôǲѭǹͻϢȥż־衣
ֱЩͻӰڽӽб֮ʱȴǳ׵ľסˡ
ЩˣʲôˣǡƷ硱ʮƷһһġƷ硱һޱ飬ɫѪеķɳ۶

һĻʵ̫Ϊˣξһ㣬ֱš
ȫľˣɵ㶵ʮλƷ硱ȻѪһһ˽ȥ
Ʒз嶼ʧѪ֮󣬿ǲŴо˹
ղǡǶЩʲôס˵Ϊղֻһ
֪ɫ¿մѪǱ߷һĨΪ˷ܰЦݣǺǣƷֵܣҺڴ֮ʵ׻ﵽǿ


1437 
ʱƷ繲ƻ˶ʮ˵塣
һڶʵǿﵽħнʵķҲǴﵽħ׾磬ķ嶼ѾﵽϵʵƷǰ֮ʱЩʵȽǿķ˶ħĸΧ֮ڡ
ʱʮѾڽѪ֮С
ԶƷıѾ˾˵ͻ䣬ֳ֮ҲƷѾӵ˰˶ﵽ˿ħռ״̬ʵѾ˱ħ߽׾磬ֻǻδͻԪھ硣
ƷΪλἱڽЩٻأΪħ֮ԴУԪпħ֮ԴеǿƷĸ壬Կɾ߱Ʒ
ԣƷ뽫ЩϴĻԪھĻǳ
Ѫ֮Уһƣһôķ壬ҲһӰ죬ϴտħ֮ԴЧԶԶҪࡣ
ǣƷҲǲڸ嶼ڿħ֮ԴϴеõƷҪıٶǿʵӳԪھİա
жʮ˵ϴȻЧûƷ籾ǰãҲҪľһʱ䡣
ʱƷʮ˵壬пħ֮ԴеΪƷ緢֣ħ֮Դ֮УҲǿתΪԪ
ͬϸĿħ֮ԴƷĸ֮ڡ
ƷȶﵽƿԪʼԪڽеһγڿħ֮ԴԴԴϵڼʱԻڳ֮УƷĵһγ̾ҲǷǳ洦ġ
ʱǿԪʼӿڵӤ֮С
ԭƷڵĵӤѾﵽƿ״̬ǿԪӿ֮Ʒ絤еĽӤҵӿԪ
յãƿ
ʱƷĵӤбһɼΪǿֲѪ֮Ҳھ͵ĲƷҫһǿҵĽâ
ӤɹƣﵽԪڵĵһ׶Ρ
ţƷɾϲĸоӤԪ֮ǰǿʮ֮Ҳǵõ̥ǰı仯Ѿӽս׵ǿȡ
һ£һǿҵĽɫӰȻƷڷֻ˳
սֵʱƷ㾪סˡ
طս壬ʱս߱ǿĿռٿƷʵǿʱսƿؿռԽǿ
Ʒ㾳磬ʱսڿռҲܰȻ£ԴΧнпռ˲ƣҲܾ߱ʱսһЩ
Ʒ缤ѣҲõʱټƷ뽣֮ͬУǲʹÿħս壬ƷҲԿ޵еɱ
һγ磬ǳĳɹ
ţƷٶȽ֮У磬ȻſɽеڶεĳڶγĻƷ͵Ҫڸеˡ
ڣħ֮ԴУԴԴϵǿ֮ƷͲٽھʯĸȥ硣
ƷﵽԪڵĵһ׶֮ʱȻԼӴħ֮Դա
ԣƷŽ˲µʱ䣬㹮˾硣ˣǿĿħ֮Դ£ƷԪڵĵһ׶ѾﵽƿҲƷֻҪһɽг硣
µʱȻеϴЧܲ֮ڵԪȷʵҪ֮ǰǿ˺öࡣرǵһ壬ѾҪﵽħн׵ƿ
Ʒбֳ𸮣ǿĵһһͬռ֮СҪĻֻںռвſɡ
ǰڰħдܷɷ֮Ʒɷõħ񣬱չʱ䣬ȥĻһκѾ˴ﵽʮ֮ڣƷк塣
ʱںռ֮УΨƷһĴڡϾⲢǻڿħ֮ԴУڵڶγĻܻỨѱȽϳʱ䣬ķǼڿħ֮Դмϴա
׼֮Ʒ㿪ʼռʼõһԼıк塣
͵ģƷĵһ֮У֮󣬵һб̻ΪһɼӴԪ
Ԫͬھһ㣬ӿƷڡ
£ƷӿԪںաƷĵһ壬ӿ͹˵Ʒÿ嶼Ʒһ֡
ԣһ֮ƷԺܿ㽫һеԪںգתΪ֮ӵȻ͵Ӥӿȥ
ƷѾﵽԪھһ׶εƿһк֮һɼΪǿԪ
ܿ죬ƷƿӤԪǿ֮ʮӤҲ׳ʵ˼ȻӤӿޱǿԪʼƷڻϴƷ֮
ϴ֮Ʒֵõ̥ǰı仯ٶǿѾԱս׵ǿˡƷٴս׵Ļֱӳܼħ߽ǿߵ˵֮ͬУܼ
ţƷĵӤ֮УַֻһӤ塣
һ£ǿҵĽâҫƷֳһɫ塣ɫϣƷԸоһɼǿԼڵҪ˺üΡ
ڰؽ˽
˽ӵǿĹ˽ȴǾǿ֮Ʒ⵽в֮ʱƷԽ˽õһĻᡣ
˽ʹҲãֻҪڣƷɽ˽Ļᡣ
Ȼʹ˽Ļ⸺Ӱ컹еġƣ˽ȥĻΪ
ֻǣҪ޻˽ĻȴҪࡣ򲻵ѵ£ƷҲԲʹ˽ġ
Ԫڵڶ׶γɹ̣һҲȫںϣ绹δȫ̡
ɣƷֻص˿ħ֮ԴУտħ֮Դей̾硣˶ƷĵʱҪ࣬˵Ҫǧʱ䡣
һξḶ́ȴþһʱ䡣
ʵһʱѾǷǳˣΪƷѾоѾҪָˣƷþͻƳء
ƷҲûԵü꣬Ԫеÿһ׶γɳκεĲأͻǰϣԶͣͲǰ
ڣڿħ֮ԴʣµĶʮߵ壬һʱҲǳɳ˲٣ʮߵԪڵһ׶εĳƷѳš
Ʒٶںռ֮УʣµĶʮߵ壬ټڱ𸮸ռз壬һں֮С
ʱʮ壬һޱĻƷǰÿӵеʵƷΪ⡣
ţƷϢʼչԪھһ׶εĳǳɹͻƵĻ֮£޵еĴڣʹÿħս嶼ԲƷĶ֣ټƷ籾ͻ˱̬Ŀħռ״̬


1438 ڤ
ʮ꣬Ʒչʮˣδءڷ֮չڵʱ䣬Ѿжʮˡ
ʮʱ䣬ʵ˵Ļָʱ䲢ûӳ
ʱħ֮С
¹ħĴ֮ʣħڵһ׼սˣǿߣﵽ߰ٶλ
߰ٶλǿߣۼڶħ֮Уɵöôǿˡ˵ĻħʵǷǳǿġ
ʱڴ֮УŶʮλħǿߡһɫ࣬ճĬ֮Ѿ˾䡣
˴ˣھҲƳΪ֮
˵ĻƷµΪǿݲƷڡСѾ߱ħ߽ǿߵʵηˡס֡ӥǧ飬ҲǴﵽħн׼ʵ
ǿλϣпʥˣλħǿߡ
ű·ħħ׾켫ħ¼λħǿߣƶʮλħǿߡ
ϧǣħгЩͽĻȻħӵǿ
λ֮ϣ˳˼
λضһ£Ҫָˣ֪λк⣿߳˴еĳĬա
ڻδ֪ڤʵȻħеҪǿࡣڤ죬ƶˣӡ·˵ҪľŽᣬֽʵԺڤ忹⡣
ѹ꣬ǰڤ˽⣬ΨħɷѳԹ㻹ɷڡҪ˵Ϊڵж༸λħǿߣԸڤӡ˵
ǰ˵Ѿ㹻ˡСŵһսӣΪһսСǰ˶ʮˡ
ǺǣСֵܣǿ̫ܲ˽ڤɷʵɷ֮У죬ɷɷ붾ɷʵΪ֮ǿǱѰ֮ͬУƥУλɶұǿߣڵһЩ滷ʵʵĻܻǿֻܶڤߵĹ⣬ӡ˵Ц֮ж˼֮ɫ߿ɷǽ֣Կ߿Ƿǳڤʵ
˵ûҺаħߣ⼸һСħ޺޵˵
ߣڤħ֮ǿи˽ˣħߵ
˴ڤ֮սҲ¹ڤħĴضҪȫԸԿڤ塣߳
ˣƷֵܲⶼжʮˣҲڻָôδƷֵܳأ׾ʣҲǽſߣǿۼ֤Ʒʵ˴ڤһսȱ
ǺǣƷֵѽʥؽϴδأҲӦò˰ɣλصġЦ
벻羹Ȼչôãͻ˰ɡҴصĻ޾ڤ塣˵
ȻƷСܹ׼ʱصĻսȡʤħЦе˵оΪƷ˻ռ˺ܴı˰㡣
ƷֵǷܹ׼ʱأҲδһҪöԿڤ׼֣ص˵
ʹûƷֵܣҲҪȫȥסڤ塣ħ
˴ΣҲֻһ򵥵顣
ΪڶڤʵʵҲʱδ֪ڤʵǿҲܻϾڵĿռҲô׵ġ
ĽһУλħʱеĶ
ڣеĻָѾԽԽƽˣΪеϢѾȶԭ񱩵ĿռҲ𽥵ıȶ
ħ֮УҲʱսһս߰׼ӭڤĵ

Ϣڤ
һɭ޴Ķⶴ֮ڣȻһģĹڤ
ڤ֮УѾûڤĴڣԭڤҲǱڻȥ
ڵȵһˡһɳƴ̶ĳڰ
ৣৣ
һɭĺӰڴ֮УʮˣǴﵽħнʵϵǿߣЩϵأǴӷĹһ
Ϊڵλϵˣһλݿݣͷϡ裬ӰСüªİ׷ߣɢһɼµڤɷ֮
λªߣڤɷ֮ףɷ
󣬻λɫа죬ԨߣϵɷҲǼأλ߱ǿɷ붾ɷαǻɷɷѪɷ
˵ǣֽɷʵѾﵽħ߽ǿߵʵΪˡɷǿ죬رڤһЩڤ嶥طھǽɷԱȵɷҪӵĿ¡
󣬻λ£ڸߵӣ˵ʵȻҲǾ߱ħн׵ʵǣϲɷĴڣϵȴǱɷǻҪŨء
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ǰһˣǱӡһˣڿ뿪طˣɷݺݵĽе
֮࣬ƽħ壬ĲΪˣɷݺݵ˵ݼɷ֮
зӡ࣬ɷǶ˷ŭޣǵڣΨеĽһŸ֮ġ
Ȼ֮䣬һֲɷָƬ֮СԹ֮ŭ֮ޣ֮࣬ѵÿؼգɷȷʵҪúõķйһ
Ļָ׻жãϷҪ׼ȷʱ䡣ɷλĿʵ
ˣȫָĻŻҪʮʱ䣬ǶѲ飬ִ˿֮вħǿפءΪ׵һλĸߴӾη˵
ߣʱͬգħЩһﻹΪ֮ǰǵڤ䣬ħЩ˾ЩɷΪмߵ
˻ǵúúģħЩЩհɡɷЦ
ˣˡλߵͻȻԵżηɣ˵ħڶʮǰѴһЩħϢʱλ˻ڱչ֮УϢһֱڸš
ħǱȣ߶δ׶ԸӦǸϢɡѪɷЦ
ˣħλԵþ£вֳһǶͷָ
䣡
ɷȻһԵü㵣ڤζʲôǿɶǷǳ
ڤ֮УزĻعڱ֮أҲڤӵеһطĻԼ¼ǰһЩϢ
ħܹķɷеõһЩϢ֮ǰʹһЩƵֻħʹõҪǿΪһֻ֮ʹá
ţɷӹ䣬ǿħ֮Уڤ¼һЩϢ֡
ܣɷȻһΪŭĽ䡣
ɷһֱɷϢ֮󣬻Ȼ֮࣬ŭѡ
ɷݺݵı˫ۣ˵Ѫ飬˿ɶһģǶûɣ
λ˶ҵȵ࣬Ī˷ΪҵǸҵҲǣᶨĻص
㹻ˡɷ֮ɫаȻ


1439 ڤ
ʱƷ绹ڱչ֮С
Ԫһ׶εĳû뵽Ʒľôʱ䡣һ׶εĳΪҪٽԪҪؿڣԻѵʱȽϳ
Ʒ֪еоѾȫĻָ
ΣƷ޷ֹֻϣԿǵܹӸʱ䡣ǵǣƷȴǲҷģȶڵԪž硣
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ʱԭ֮⣬Ͽ֮ŶʮӰħǿߡڵͿ֮߰ٶλǿҲѱ
Ļָ粢رۼһƬڰףԸоһɹ˸еϢڵĺڰ
亹ںڰеȴͽ˲ٵľѹ
ߵڣĽһƬڰ֮˫۽ħչڰŵ̫ǿˣԿȴﵽħ߽׼ʵħҲֻܸʮķΧ
ʮһλʵǿħǿ˵ⲻһգ۵ѡ
գʵĹ죬ǿն޾ĺڰ֮У˭Ҳ֪ʲôð̫أ֪Ļʲô˭ҲóȻ롣ֻǽ⴦Ψһͨоء
˽ǳĬʱ̱ž衣
ȴѾãһƬնĺڰ֮Уû˿Ķ
Խ˵İԽǹ죬˸ǲӡ
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ôһ㶯ûСС̲סʵƬɲСҪͨħĻܽ⴦طɣ
ҲɻѣһǿǴڵģ˵ڤѾˡҲڵȴһᣬһ͵ϮĻᡣ
Ƕħڵģԭÿ֮أƣЩƿġȻ޷˺ڤ˴ЩͨĻƾԻзӦ·˵ЩƵĻŵġ
·˵ûأڤֽʵԹ⣬Ҳǣȴ֣κʱ򣬶Բܹ⣬ҲԲóȻ룡ص˵
ߣܺĵʲôʱ򣡡Сһ
ֱһ졢졭
죬˶ȻѾָˣҲ˸óȻ롣
Ȼôʱ̱־к죬ȷʵ˸еŭǲֱӴȥ˭֪ʲôڵǡ
ǻãȻʱ̱־裬ҲûжģӰҲرĴ󡣵Щǣ񾭱ţĺܴҲࡣ
û𣿡ħʣɵɵ죬νڤ徹Ȼһ㶯ûУȷʵ˸еջ
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ϾڸͲ֪ڤʵϸ˵ħʵǿҲ˵ӵžȡʤİգһϻƷĳ֡
㣬ֺȥ졣
ǣҲȻûзɾ裬ЩǲСԵЩ
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Щɫ䣬ֶ̿ˣҪǱѪɵĻǵҪ˲仯Ϊҽˡ
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͵ģ߿һϱһޱǿǿҫ˲ħռ״̬ʵǿٱ
ţҲŭһħ״̬СӥҲǻֱ״̬Ҳڵ
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һװıը֮죬ʮλħǿֹνǾ춯أƽ֮䣬ըһ̵ľ޿ӣһǿӿѪпӿŰ˿ҵⱬըǴƬĿռҲŤ
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ЩɵҪħ𣡡·ŭȻ֪ѪΣжôء
Ѫ֮УͻȻֳĵӰϴߣȫݣӿѪ֮С
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ಣಣ
μ죬ŭѪеλɱȥ


1440 ڤɱ
ݣݣ
ߡ·С˵ٶΪ֮죬˲λڱǰݺݵıһ̴ǵؿڡ
ǣλӲûиоκεʹ࣬ҲûзκεĲҽСóѰĿЦһӾڻΪһŨѪӿɢܱߵѪ֮С
㵣ѾѪڵĸǷΧλ֮죬˾
죡߽ĽкȵѪʵ̫ˣԲܴӳȥ
ţ˷׷Ѫкȥ
ͻȻ䣡
ಣಣ
һȵĲӰѪ˳ƺˣܣγ˶ԿߵһΧȦ
ɷɫһ䡣
ûˡһɳƴ̶˵ĶС
ֻɷѪܣڽӡһֵơ
ߵһ۱סɷŭ룡
͵ģ죬ڿħռ״̬֮£ٶȼޱȣһ˲ӵɷǰ䶢ǰĳªİСͷ
ݣ
ݾһͬ˺ѿռһ㣬ŭնɷ
ɷҲ㣬ȳªϷһĨмЦݡ
ţɷͬʱһڤɱ󣡡
Ȼ֮䣬Ѫ֮оӿһɿֲɷ֮Ũңоڵһ㣬ѪʴϢ
ݣ
ǿһŭնȥǣһɷϵʱɷ˾Ǳ͸һ㣬ϷаЦݣһʹǿҲһ˿û˵ɷ
⡭ͫױһĻʵ̫ˣҲĿõ⾪˿µһĻ㾯Ŀ£һ
һ£ɷаȵӰʧ
ת֮䣬ɷͻȻڿߵֳһѪɫɭĳɭɭ˵ߣ겻Ϸرһݴɣ
֮ɫϮһ׾ĺ磬߷Ӧ죬͵һתɷӾųѪĹâնԼ
ִ֮䣬ֽ߳ӭ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬˫أȻռƵɷռϷ磬͵һ𣬾ɷһǿ˳ȥ
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߻δּæ𳤽ȥ
䣡
ǿĳɷһȴǱѹסˣ᲻ɷԼѹơ
ɷаһЦͬӰǹѪȫ˿ߵǰڳһƣصĻ˿ߵؿϡ
أһ
ƽһؿʹ˳ȥڿħ֮󣬲Ȼɷһƾÿش
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ЩһСŭѣͲ׽Щ˵ι켣
λСģɷֽʵɲ⣡·֣ص˵оɷǵʵǽȣѾﵽħ߽׼ʵһµڤɱ󣬻֪ǲơ
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Сģһ
СŭһӰӭǿɷĳ˹ȥЯһ֮˳еĿɷ
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СɫȹǵһνӴ
ֱɷֱСǰЩľ벻ħ֮УȻôһλǿߣϧע
䣬ɷֳһ˸ɭѪ⣬ˣӭСӱ㼲˹ȥ
СͲȫӦһĴԼ¸
֮£С׹⣬塣
飡
һ죬ɷ׾һݺݵĻС׹ߣֱ
СʹһȻǿҲԵֵɷһʹе˳ȥ
Сֵܣ
˾һһȵĲӰ˹ȥıˡ
·ƺʲôСģЩһǹʱǻڤɱб״ֻ̬ʱ򣬲ſֳʵ壡
䣬ɷʵѾﵽħ߽׼ʵֿڤɱб壬⻹ô
ǵСɡɷЦţȻȵǰ֣ڳ˫֣¶צһɺɫ麬ʹֱץȡ
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ݣ
ȺȻһ˸գδӦɷֱƽȵǰЦǺǣڤ֮ģǲġ
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δӴȹһʱԵþţ֪롣
ۼţɷһֻצҪȡ
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һ죬ֱһȭػڶɷСԷ˿ħ״̬Ѿٽħ߽׵ʵȫһĻħ߽ǿҲݺӡ
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һ˻˶ɷ˲˼ڤɱ֮УɷҲ˵޷ԸģֻҪסɷǵʵ֮תܺݺݵĴǡ
лл㣬Сȸм亹
˳ͷɫأȻղһȭ˶ɷȴǺɷûܵ˺
ˣСӣɷŭ˻˸оܵĪ衣
ɷֵܣҲ̫С˰ɣȻһСһ֡ѪɷЦ֮ɷɷһֳͬӰɨһˡ
ţɷɷҲ۵һͬĶſߵڣν棬ħⷽǳƿ
˵ĻɷǻǷǳԾģû뵽Ź꣬ħʵȻñǰҪǿʢ࣬ûڤɱĻ治һܹԸħ塣
ǺǣһˣǱӡһˣʹܹ𣿡ɷЦţַӣݺݵ˵ãһĿûаܣ֮󣬱ڤ֮ʢڤɱǾ׼֮ãڤڤｫħ֮أ
ߣǱڤħĹħҪԵ˭кʸ񣡾ƾڤɱ󣬾Ըǣֱǳ룡ŭ
ǲǳ룬Իú׵ġɷЦ
ɷɨſǣ¼һЩħϢЩħǿ֮УûƷĴڡ
ٶɷʵƷأ
ǺǣǿɵҪʧˣƷֵħ֮Դϴ񣬲ޱڴˡǱžƾڤɱͿסǣƷֵܳعЩĩգߺݺݵЦ
ߣһƷѣѲСӻˣɷмһȵɱ


1441 ֮
ɱߺȵϣžɵɷɱȥɷ߿ɶǰ϶֣µĳԹܶࡣ
ಣಣ
죬˲һ
һΣ߿Ҫ࣬˶ΪΪɷҪĻضλʵ廯ԿֻԵñ
Сջ廯ڤɱ֮У廯Ȼܹǿٵʵζʩչ
ţСֳһѳƷǿռмڸ죬ǿСԵԣ˽ܹӵø
ǰСڿɷ˿ŭıſɷɱȥ
·סѪɷӽɱ뷲ǽ붾ɷϣΪλħ߽ǿʵ뾭鶼ԽģԷ˱ֶԸɷ
˵ǣԲסɷ
λʥˣΧɱɷ
ʣµķħʮλħǿߣ͵ɱ˵ɷ
Ҳû취ģڤɱ֮УɷǵνԿʵתӵǿʵħȻʮ֣Ҳô׾ͿԶԸɷġ
ৣৣ
ħΧס˵ɷ
Ǻǣǿ濴ң˶ɲһǸơɷһЦ黯ŷħǳ˹
ɢΪɱ־ɷĹ֮£˷ɢĻضᱻɷһơ
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һĽȥɷֱӴ͸Ȼ˵İΧȦ֮У˵ȫûõġ
Ȼɷгһ˲תΪʵ壬һ˵İΧȦ֮У˸Ѫâĳʻ״ݺݵĺ˿ȥ
Сģ
һֻӽȥ
䣡
һ죬ֲ֮ˣǿҵĹ⻪ɷһ֮ǿܵƣȴȲѵɢȥ
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һɷȻƵߵǰͦ𳤽ı㼱˹ȥ
ɫֱ䣬ִټӽնȥ
ⲻ֪ɷһȻȫģȻһն˸ա
֪ߵĶ𣬵ɷ֪ʱѾߵ࣬гէ֡
ⷺ˾֮ɫڵɷθȫ׽
ͣ
Ѫ䣬һҽ޷ͷ­㱻ɷһиʧȥͷ­׹ȥ
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͵ģɷͻȻ黯ֱĹϴ͸˹ȥתɫһʵ͵һתеĳ˳Ƴնȥ
΢΢һڵɷתʱ׼ҲɷһӲ͵һƣ侪յĶܹ˵ɷһ
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һ죬һǿĹⲨ˵Ҳǽʮλħǿߵһɷӵħ߽׼ʵҲ˵ɵĵס
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һ죬ɷ𣬱ǿ˳ȥЩ΢
һ£ӻ˵ǰŵɷ˵ȻطǿԽʵתÿһεת֮䣬һʱ黯ʱҲûƵġ
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벻ĻţһȥǧҲǸһͬɱ˹ȥЩħǿ֮УǧΪģҲǱȽǿġ
ħǽĿһ𣬸ǵɱ˵ɷ
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ѪɫĿռ֮Уվ
ʾˣϷ͸ʵʵڵɷһתȫʵ״̬֮ƣŭı˿ߡ
ҳԹձɱ㣡һֻҪɷ黯Ļߵѹͻࡣ
͵ģɷ޾ɫĳ˹ȥ
ݣݣ
Ľâͬһ㣬ײ
䣡
쾪㱬ɢǿֲ˹Ϯ֮ռ𶯡ɷݺݵĽһ
벻ɷʵǱ֮ǿռ״̬ųħ֮µһǿߵĿߣǽɷսƽ֡
һˣ㻹һûУעʧܣɷһбһ׾µѪ⣬ӿѹߡ
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һ죬ɷɫͷѹ£˱˳ȥ
ʹ˰֣ɷʵת֮ҲһʱƣѵɷʵԼߵȻλᡣ
ಣ
⣬˵ֳɷǰеĳնȥͲɷκεķᡣ
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ݣ
ߺһͬһ㣬͵Ĵɷؿڡ
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͵ģһȥ
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һޱȡ
߾Ȼһһڿߵϻһ̵˿ڣһܴѪӽ¡
͵ģתһߣŭɷɣ


1442 ·
һҪסҾͿˡƷ簵ţһؽѾΡ
ԭΪһμڶʮߵĳףȴǡǡ෴һؽžŹһؽǿĽȻƷѾ˳һؽȴǵٽǿ
Ʒ֪ѱڿµĻ֮УΣأƷû취ǵھؽǿʧܵĻǲƷΪǰϣǸϵսҲΪ
ȶƷ׿רע֮С
˿̣ڤɱ֮УսΪļҡ
ɷȻʵ֮ƣʵǿⲻӵżơ
˿սҪ˵ɷǷǳѵģΨľסɷһսȦɷĻǾ޷ɷԿˡ
ɷƾУɷڤɱӵôƣȻҲս֮ࡣ
ֲסɷɷʵǿǵĬ֮£Ҳȡʤֻʵת֮䣬ѰֵĻᡣ
Ǵ˱֮£ÿһÿһֶս÷ǳ尾ʱ̶ñߵľ衣Ȼʱסɷɶףôľȥ޷ܵɷĻǽǿɾĻʧȥԭеˡ
ӵб飬Ĵ졢ϵĺĬǿסɷĻӦûǿԵġ
䣡䣡
װľ죬ϵսȻҵĳš
Сһֱδʹùſɷȵ֣֮ҲǼǱܣеĽǼΪ˵ãСǿ׵Բٿ֮£Ѹ硣
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ݣݣ
СͿ̣ɷ亹һӭһ㡣
Ͼɷÿһʵת֮䣬ֻһļʱ䣬Ҳһֱ黯֮УֻҪǿɷһʵ廯ĻС˲סɷչ͵Ĺ
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һ·ѪɷĲһ
ΪѪɷ֮ǰ޴ﵽΪ·Ѫɷ޽֡
ѪɷӵаѪ֮ڤɱ֮Уɷӵƣʵ֮Ҳûôࡣ

Ѫɷ֣˸ŹѪ⣬·ֻűܿѪɷʱ̱ѵľ״̬
Ѫɷǹȵһ㣬ԩ겻ɢ·ô˦˦
·ԭʵδȫָѪɷȿµĶ֣վȫǱѪɷסˡ·֪Լֽжô⣬ֻסѪɷȴ˵Ԯ
ͬģ뷲ֶԸɷ֮ʱҲΣء
ڣɷ֮ǰС֮ģҶɷʵǰѾﵽħ߽׼ʵֹ֮ãɷʵǿ࣬ڶɷĹ֮УֺһɿµĶⶾϮ䲻ȴܹȫ
ȵʵȻǴﵽħ߽ǿ߾磬붾ɷȿɲͬεģټ϶ɷڤɱеƣ޷رȿܡ
ɷЦһٶȳ
˱һ˫ȭǿĿħ֮˶ɷ
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ɷ֮ǰɰ˷һȭŭδһ˳ݺݵ˵ߣΪСû취
˵ףɷʵοҪǿڷࡣ
͵ģɷӭųеķֱʵ廯ֱ֮˹ȥ˫۷ŭ⣬צŹµа⣬֮˫ȭֱ֮ӲӲ
䣡
ȭצռ亳һɹǿƲӿϮ
˾Ȼ붾ɷôһӲǿľо˫۶Ҫѿһ㣬壬Ͳ
أһ
˱ɷ˳ȥɷʢŭѣݺݵٶȱȱ˹ȥ
ݣ
Ľƣȴڶɷ̶
ɷüͷ΢壬ȴҲ壬һ𣬻ûӰ
һȻ˿գһ֮䣬ɷףȵľǲսʵ̫ˡ
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䣡
һ죬ǿҵаըȵĽбը˿
ʹһѪܴˣ˳ȥ
ˣŭһŶɷȥ
ɷ޾ڷˣιȵ֣ڷ˳еԷ˲Ƶ˷˵ǰ
Ȼɷڳһƣǿ˷ˡ
˱һȭŭȫֱȥ
飡
ȭ֮һȦȦµĹƣ˸еһʹһɾٶȻˡ
ɷ͵һצ˷ˡ
ʧȥȻԵֿȥ
ݣ
һ֮죬ɷǸצצݺݵڷ˵ֱлƿһ̵Ѫڡ
ʹһֻʶˡ
Ȼ󣬷˱㾪㵵ĸоڱɷץ˵ֱۣȻǱһ㣬Ȼ÷֮ӡ
ɫһݣ֪һѽĿ¶ˣΪ˷ֹɶ壬ɫһݣʹһ˾ĽԼұ۸жΪҡ
СȾһ˷˵ǰ
ҡû¡˳صĴͦʹġ
Ǻǣ벻Сӻͦйģϧľǣ֣ҲԲҵĶ֣ڵսûܰˡɷһЦ̰Ҫõڵڤ֮ģɱڵı˹ȥ
ɱŭʧȥұۣҲǿޱȡ
ŭѣ뷲һͬӭŶɷɱ˹ȥ
ǵȻߵľǿ˹ƣֻҪܹɷκһˣҪ׶Ըˡ
ô
ƴҪɷһ֮ʱ·ȴǷ״
·Ѫɷѹס޴ӷ
ѪɷͷʢƱԽӵ׺ݣԽӵĹȡ
ݣݣ
һһ·ϵÿһʹ̡
·㣬æӽӭ
ͣ
һѪɽ·ʹϱѪɷݺݵĴһ
·ŭ𳤽նȥ
Ѫɷɫ·һնͻȻı״̬
͵һ£Ѫɷʵ廯·ǰ
·ͫһδӦֻһĽϮؿϱ㴫һޱȾʹȻؿ֮һɭĳƶѪֱʡ
飡
Ѫɷһݣֱӽ·˺ΪһƬѪ⣬·䡣
·˾һҰ֮ɫַŭ
ѪɷᣬĸһڲеСߣвģЩħнǿֱӱѪɷӡ
ȻѪɷסСɱ˹ȥ


1443 ҵս
ڤɱ֮⣬ЩһƬãȻ֮ɫ
˿̣еħǿ߶ѪˣѪҲֹͣʴЩǿ붼ûܹݻڤɱҿһ֡
ԣھôεһĻƺԵЩνǿ߶Ƕġ
ʲôһ˾
ӴѪ¿֮һȺȺ֮Ķڶһڲϵıƽ
˱㾯
ֱЩ֮ʱеǱ㾪ˡ
ڤ壡ڤ壡
˴󾪣˾ֵǣȺڤǧ֮࣬Ȼ࣬ʵɾ˵ˡ
ǿߣǿߣ
ಣಣ
һȵӰɷ֮еڵĳɱ˹
ٶȣʵ̫ˣ̶ʮľ룬ڤǧǿߣͳ˹
ħȻɫ䣬ڤƣǲˣŭһӭڤЩǿɱȥ
䣡䣡
һƬƬҵıը֮죬ӿһԭǿŭźҽ㽻֯һѪȵĶսɴ˱
ڤ֮ڣ澳֮棬ʵ˵ǿᣬ֮ǰڤʵ㷭˼ƾǧڵǿߣͱħǿ˺ü
ɱ
ĺɱ֮ڤ֮ܵ࣬Щڤ˱üΪķֻгԹɱ¾һ˫˫ѪĹâɱħˡ
ɲǼ䣬ȷѪ꣬ɱ죬ӣѪɣҲ̶ãȫʱƴɱڤĹʵ̫ǿˣԶǿħ塣
ħֻܽڽڰˣһ߾߲Ҳ̶õʬ塣
Щڤɱ֮񣬺ݺݵļ̤ȥħеһ߾ħǿߵʬ壬е˺ѿǵ塣
棬׳ۣĲң֮䣬ǿߵƴɱ
ħȻʵԶڤ壬¹ħ֮ʣҲɱһۡ
ǣŭţţʹҲѡԱеܹȡ˵ʵʵ̫ˣעһޱȲҵս
֮ħԶħԤЩħ˧ߣŴ˾䣬ʮħ˧ߣս
ɱ
ĺɱɱ죬Щħ˧ߣ֪ڵߵǿʵ֮£ҲǷ׷ȼڵľѪĳڤˡ
һ̣ħ嶼Žһĵġ
ϧǣӵȫռƵЩʮħ˧ߣڤǿǿǰǳ䵱ڻҵĽɫһδЩڤ˵ǰ㱻ɱɡ
ˣ˶ˣ
ɱɱɱ
Ѫɺӣ֫壬һ׳ƪ¡
Ƭɫ·Ϊ˵֮ҷɱ¾ѪƺȾƬء
ħİ䣬ֻʱԵ⡣
ǣʹ˾޴ʵ֮£ħеսʿǶûзҵӭƴɱţѽ⡣
ԮоԮ
ΨһģƴҲҪֵסڤ֡
ΪǣѪ֮УӿֳһȵӰ֮ڡȻʲôǿߣ֮ˣħ˧Ҳڶεġ
ɱ
ڤ屾ʵǿƣС˲࣬ħ͸ʤˡ
ɱ
ĺɱħǿ߶ۣûյ֮ǽֻסħʿѡ
ݣݣ
⽣ӰѪɽɣ˵޵Ҳˡ
ʱ֮ڤɱеĿҲǿʼΣ
·䣬ԭƽսȦɷ֮Уƺ㡣ɷʵּǿᣬڤɱеƣ绢
ѪɷСɷ֮սȦԭСһȥԸɷģͻȻɷõѪɷԮ˫ɷ֣ʵ廯ĬϣСս˺ۣΣأܹŵѾˡ
ѪɷɷҲΪ𾪣Сʵ湻ǿģֿ֣ڤɱ֮УӦɱһλħ߽ǿȫûģСȻܹ֮á
ʵСҲǿҪﵽˣ˲ٵǱܣܹ˫ɷֿôʱ䣬СѾȫľˡ
ݣ
ĳɳ۶Ѫɷ⣬Сؿдȥ
ͬʱ䣬ɷҲǽųѪɷϣһͬСɱ˹
֮У˵ʵСֱ治壬СֻֻܲʶˣҪɷһĻǼֱ
ѪɷҲСͼСܿѪɷȻٶȼӿ죬˲ƵСǰһնȥ
СҲ֪٣㱾ܵһӭѪɷһ˹ȥ
ݣһ
ĳСɫһһǴ˿һ㣬ֻѪɷзЦĴСĽϴ͸˹ȥ
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Сɫһ䣬һǵסˣƴҪ㡣
ͣ
ݺݵһСϻһ̵˿ڡ
СʹһУٶⲻ֪дȥѪɷȻַ˻ųа⣬СĺԲŭնȥ
ȵΣ֮£С͵Ľǰһ㣬ûжѪɷһʹһоһʹϾȻѪɷһ˺һ֮ǵѪڡ
Сʹ಻ѣ̷ŭȥ
ɷѪɷ֣ܴСɱ˹ȥ
СŭѣĻеĳһɹǿԵ׵֮Ϯ֮γһĿס
ɷǾ׹⣬廹ʵ廯֮Уݱƣס˳ơ
ɷȴ޾ɫĶƺԵ÷еС˵СѾȫûκεвǾ͵ſСܹöѡ

һҽ𣬿Ǳߣһʱڻɷ֮֡
һԭĹܵ˼Ӱ죬ɷ׺֮ɫʼչҵĹ
˵ǱҪ࣬һ֮£ɷƵ޴ӷϻ˲ٵĴˡ
λֵܣͰиˣħǽһǱ߳ȥΪ뷲˵ĴҲǳΣա
׵ȵİΣҲħһͬǱȥɷĻѾѹסˣҲӰ̫
ʱشķˣ붾ɷսţ˶һۣȻȻͣʵȴǴۿۣҲǼ֣һǴڷǳ֮£ǿŵڣҲΣء
ɷЦţе˼ȵϣΣſµа붾ҰŵĽ뷲̸סԸоǵһɿµϢѰűƽǡ
ݣ
һ֮죬ɷͻȻа֣˲Ƶȵǰ
ȵ𳤽ӭŶɷնȥ
ȻȾȻ˿գɷ廯״̬ȵĹϴ͸˹ȥֵ˵ǰ
û뵽ɷĿ꾹ȻǷˣ


1444 Σ
ɷƵ˵ǰСӣҲ̫ˣΪҲɱ𣡡
ɫ䣬һֱɷĿ궼Ҫȵϣ˼ЭսζɷȻֱѡɱԼ
⧲֮£͵Ļ𳤽Ŷɷȫնȥ
ɷһмֱӳֽ˹ȥ
飡
һǿҵ죬֮Ĳ̫󣬷𣬸оҪ˺ѿһʹѪɶ䡣
СȾһӦתȥ
ʱٶȣǸϲ϶ɷˡ
͵һ£ɷֱƽ˷˵ǰĿЦСӣµɣ
ͫױصش˻ûз𳤽ȥֵɷһ
ǣڷ˵״̬Ҫȥסɷһϣã
ҲǷһ㣬
ɣɷŭһϬĳͬ˺ƿռһ㣬ŷ˱˺ն˹ȥ
ۼţɷһҪ򷲿֮ʱ
һ£Ӱʱ˹ǴҴҸϹķħף˷һʱ˶ɷһ
ɷüͷһ壬ȴҲûаֻ֣ǸеΪջ׾ĳٶǿݺݵն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬⻪䣬ħ֣Ҳѵжɷ
䣡
һ죬ħ׽Ա˳ȥҲǳܲסɾ޲𵴣ٶѪǱĵ˳ȥ
ݣ
һҲʱɱ˹
ɷԷħһǣδ廯Ⱦս鲻㣬ʵҲǺǿټ϶ɷڹħǵʱ򣬲ԼٶȥȻӭȵһ
һɷٶȻһأ֮ȸݺݵĴһӡ
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ţ˷˵ǵʵСû°ɣ
áֻڿҲﲻˡĻصشѾսԵúܲľôˡ
ģǣħȴɫأǵĵʵҪڷˣԶɷʱҲǾռơ
ɷ˳廯ϴŭɫߣ治Ȼܹ˵ңɲÿһǶôõ
ǰ壬һﲻöԸҪСġص˵ս֮ãҲ˲ٵ
ⶾɷƺڤɱ֮УĵҪ࣬ԶɷܹǴв
ħ˳ͷ֮ɫŶߣޱʹ֮ɫ
ǺǣѵǻǵĴȥˡɷЦ
չȥħһħǿѾ˿սΣأڵħһѾԵ÷ǳˡ
رСӲдѪɷɷҹƣҲǳŲ˶ˣΨǱȽϺõľǻп߻ܹǣסǵĶֻ֣ҪɱЩǿеĻǷǳѵġ
ҲԲǵıóѣһ˺Сȣŭ
ಣಣ
סħ˷ŭĳɱȥ
𣿡ɷһм֮ɫ廯޾ǵĹӭ˹ȥ
ɢħе
ĲһסܵһУţ˶ɷ
ݣݣ
һĽâʹǶɷ廯Ҳǲͣ¹ƣΪɷʱпܻʵ廯չ͵Ϯ
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˿£ţʱ̾ܣԱֻҪɷ廯ƵˣǱչǿҵĹֻԵúܱ
ʱݹսȦǶħԵúܲ
ɷüңԭ߻ռϷ磬ս֮£ڵĿħ֮Ҫࡣ
֮ɷȴԽսԽǿڿҲûƿˡ
Сһߣһ˶սѪɷɷѾΣ
ݣݣ
һһϮСֻǱ㣬Ҳǻ㲻Ѿʮ˿ڣȫѪܣȻս
СǿǿȷʵѪɷǴΪ
ϧǣСվһˣûڤɱҲ޷ȥԿλħ߽ǿߡ
𣡡
Сŭһ֪廯ڤɱ֮зʧȥƣСûѡٶȱ壬ſµİɫ׹⣬ĳϮš
ѪɷŭȴҲ壬ſɷ˵ɷֵܣһԸӣڲȥˣ̵õڤ֮ġ
ɷͷ㳯Ǳȥ
С֪ɷͼٶȣӹȥ
벻ѪɷٶȾҲ˵ľˣӰһ˲СǰѪڵʵûӳҵħƣ
Сһʮױ䶥ѹ˹ȥ
Ѫɷι֣ΪɵıܹС׺ϾСʵ˲٣֮ǰѪɷûнС
ݣ
Ѫɷֱ˹ȥ˵ãӻһѪ⽣â͵ϮС
Сʵ֮ѪɷܼĹ֮£޴⵽ʮâĴϮѪ罦ʹˡ
ʱ򣬿ɷѾɱǵ
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ɫ䣬Ӧ˵ǾھɷԸˣ˵ڻ˸ɷ
ãɷҲֱֳΣԿɷֶԸǵĻѾûҪô鷳ˡ
ಣಣ
ɷɷɱڵı˹ɫһ䡣
ߵҲоѾ˼ȵΣʱ򣬸޷ȥǡ
ݣݣ
ɷ֮һ޴ѪâϮǡ
˵֮ǰֵֻܵûκεķ֮
¡¡
һâǵɢ˿޲ӿһȦȦֲĹƵǿҵѪɫ⻪ģȻǿסҲǱ˳ȥǱ˴˷ɢһЩ롣
ƣɷ˫һ裬ͻȻƵȵǰһĺն˹ȥ
֮£ڵĵ˿ɷһ
䣡
һǿҵ죬˫⻪м˿ǿƲӿȵ֮һ˶
ɷһЦȻȵǰ׾һݺݵնȡ
ɫɷ붾ɷȸûôķӦֶĶŶɷһ
СȣħǾһļȥ
ʱ֮ȽϽĺףɫһݣ˫Ŀ죬ھѪȼձٶͽȻֱӵȵǰȻһȱƿ
ɫһپ㵵ףʹϧЦݣȻʹĽе


1445 Ʒ
ɷһ
ŭŶɷޱȵʹ֮ɫ˵ˣ˭Ҳ˺Сȣ
ಣ
ϱޱȶĿĺâͬһ㣬붾ɷͬй켣ĳ˹ȥ
ȾˣʹˣźʶȥӰеˮ֮£Ǻݺݵıһѡ
ħҲǴסˣΪ˱ȣȻΪԱ
ɷֲѣ˱˴˼ĳٶʵ̫ˣɷǲˡ
䣡
һ죬ٶŭһһޱǿĺڰڱը˿ֲĹⲨ˲ϮеһУһɹǿƲӿŰƬռ䶼Ϊ׵Աҵ𶯡
ʱ䣬ڤɱ֮еħǿ߶һ£бˡ
壡ʹĺţֻĿźȥԼȴΪ
ģƽϢ
ǿϧˡһЦ𣬶ɷϷЦǺˣĶЦǺǣźǣһﻹǲһ㡣
ʹŭӿеҪᣡ
䣬ȱǻŭʹ࣬һеĻӽ˹ȥ
Сȣħһż˹ȥ
ɷм֮ɫɷĶڳеȣ˵ȴ˾ٲ뻢ڶѡ
ħƴĽкţʹʧȥǵȸͽвסԷħٶȣҲԸȥ
Ǻǣڤ֮ģչ黹ǵġɷһЦϾ̰֮ɫɷһ֣ͬӭųеȼ˹ȥ
ಣಣ
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ħŭһȥ
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䣡
һװը죬ɷޱȵһ֮֮ݺݵһһɹɾ춯صĸӿǿƲϮ
ħڳ֮Уɿֲ˸ǿб˻ȥ֮ΪҲܵһĳӰ죬ֲ֮У׷ӭɢˡ
ĵĹ⻪֮У˵Ŀⶼȵϡ
˾ǣѪ֮Уȫܲסɷ˵ǿһеĳˣǿֲаݻ١
һ̣ȴƺоκεʹࡣ
˫ۻıϣˮỬ䣬Ժ֮УɸֳһѪµգƷšϤĿȻĶЦݣʼȵԺнıģ
еһһУΪС
ܡЯˡ롭⡭Ѿ㹻ˡ֮£ȾʹչֳһĨЦݡ
䣬ģȥ
ֻǣȺܲģԼҪ˸ߡ
䣡
һ죬Ѫ֮У壬ΪһƬҽ
һ̣ʱ侲ֹռ䶨˶һĻ

ңԶ֮أ֮УƷ͵˫ֱۣ˵Ľ⡣
ΪΣƷĻоôʹ
䣡
Ѫ֮УһɫӰ𣬽Ѫ
һ϶ףչİ˶Ѫ
ڣƷˡ
ʱսƷһֱֳʱս
ֻʱս֮УҫһصĹâ
һ£Ʒͬʱս˲ʧ

ڤ֮ģڤ֮ģɷЦţһ˸ڤ⻹е֮࣬У̺һɼµ
˿һĻѾˡ
Ȼ˶ŭˡ
ħһŶɷȥŭе
ƻϷˣҹɷһὣһնӻһ״Ѫɫâ˷ħ
ħԷŭ֮Уδʧȥǣ֪ɷһĿ£вԼǷħǾҪҲҪмֵгעеĺڰ֮ȥ
䣡
һӴѪɫƵ˿ֲľӿϮռ
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ţɷɢΧڤ֮Ưɷ֮ɷĬдʣƺŹϵħ䣬ɷϸԷ˹Ѫ⣬֮ڤ֮аΪһ塣
Ƕˣǵòڤ֮ĲҪգǶڤ֮ҪħеˡħҵȣЩ΢ħˣΪһƬУǶħıݵЦ֮׻졣
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ֹǣŭһ
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䣡
һľ죬˵Ƭռ䣬֮䣬ҵһһӴаҫͬˣһɿֲޱȵһɳԽħǿ߽޵Ŀֲ֮ĺϮ¡
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һ죬ǿֲа֮£߽ʮλħǿ־ȻԿ⣬׷׿Ѫشݺݵ׹ȥ
ڤ֮ĵǰֻһȺ϶ѣɣħ磬Ժ󽫻ֻǵģɷªţЦš
֮սŭʵϿеɷڵȴǱɿֲѹƣ޷
ѵ
ħľҪô
硭㻹𡭡С˺ѷΰĽţʹ಻ѣŭʡ
ǵģƷ磬ıƷĳ֡
ǣڤ֮ĵǰƷǳˣȥֹ
ʱڤɱ֮⡣
ɫ䣬Ѫձ޳еޱȵĿ񱩣ǿӲĿռҲʼ΢΢Ťһڳļǿ
ݶħ֮УȾΪһƬѪ֮ɫƬնҪһ㣬ħ綼Ҫһ㡣
𣬾ָĿϢϯƬħ硣
ֲѹѹɽ飬ضɽҡΪһƬĩ֮ʵߣȫܲסضѹ˺壬ҽжħ磬һƬİ
ԭеڤħ壬ڿֲѹƣҲǷ׷֣ͣչ򾪱ѪգȻһɾһٽľ
ȻʱѪ֮У˶Ȼһ˶ԾϰӰն֣һ˫ӳżԵŭ⣬ڶſֲ֮Ѫɫš
Ʒ磬ڻˡ


1446 ռһ
ǡ
һ̣粻ɸʰӰȫһƬ𾪡
Ʒɫ鶯ķŭ
ЩڤڼϵӰ֮ʱ֮£г˿־壬һּ䲻Ԥռͷ
Ȼ֮䣬һӰȻաЩӰ˸е֣Ӧ˵һجΡ
һֻֻޣǧֲ֮࣬Ϣֱ˿־ֻһȻһ㣬̾
ûޡ
𣡡
һװľ죬ֲѤĹ⻪̼סеҰ˸Ĺ⻪֮£Ĺ⾰
ϢûκεĲҽУоһһ㣬ֻǸǳµΡ
ţ⻪ɢȥ
ڲмĴ֮УһӰħнЩˡǿǰһĻ֮ʱȴ֡
ǰһĻĻڤ˵ǰЩղĳȺҲǹʧˡ
ôһ˲䣬ԭڵڤˣ֮ڣΪһƬУеǵӰΨвη
ڤ̶١
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ʱƷŭ²ԶһӴѪɫţֲ֮䣬֮ǿȫԽƷ硣
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ƷŴң˸⣬һѪܣǳʹ𣬵Ƿŭڤķŭʹޡ
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ֻǣǵӰ֮ʱȴȫסˡ
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ŭ֮ɫɷŵΧסƷ磬ֳݺݵĶƷ磬һɹǿаֱƷ硣
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һ̣Ʒǵеɱħһ㣬һ߬ſɷеĳƶӣɷǵıƽһʹ޵˵֪ɱСǣҪôĲصĴ𣿺Ǻǡ
˵ţƷЦˣЦ˵Ŀ¡ɷǼƷ¶Цݣħڳ΢Цɴеĵȫ
Ʒɷˣɷʹ಻ѡ
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ˣǸʲôɷŭƷ磬ȴĿ־ˣ˵ȥƷսƷڶһʹĥ
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һ죬˿ԾֵĿƷ羹Ȼһֽɷͷ­ˣѪԽ罦Ϊ˵ǣʧȥͷ­еĿɷӻǻԪʹĳĥ
ȻƷֽɷڵħȡ˳ݺݵϣɷǣϳɭɱ˵𼱣Ҳܹܵݴġ


1448 ɱɷ£
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ѪɷֱӿһҲܲסĥˣʣһְֻȥȥҼ磬ƴȥ
ƷѪɷ룬Ʒ˵ѪɷľٶǷǳ޴ġ
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һؾĲҽ֮ǵеǼʹĻռ尾֮£ɷ˵꣬ʧֻ֮С
ӿĻԪ֮УһĮӰ


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㵲ѣĶֳӰݴÿһϸڡ
ڣˡ
ȵˣȵף˵ѪɫӣϵϢ֮Ȼչ¶ʮѪɫ
Сȣ
ˣ׵Ĵסˡ
ûֵӰԭѾȥȣ
ˣ
ǿƵĸˣ
ǿֲϢԽ֮ϵʵƺѾͻƵħӵеľ硣
̼䣬ϢͻһĻסˣúϲ£죬ѾȫԳĽȥˡ
һ̣ƷЦˣᶼЦ˳ͻԼ


1450 ħ֮
ȸˣ˼ǿƸˡ
˼ѣȻ֪θģܹ»Ѿ㹻ˡ
ģŻֹͣؼعƽ֮ɫ
¿մˣƷ磬ϲ£ֱ˽Ʒ֮С
Ʒ磬ΪҲˡȼʹѾΪϵ֮ˣҪغСŮһ㣬ƷĻгš
ǺǣڲǼ𣿡ƷЦˣȻƽ棬ȴŨŨ⡣
ɣ̧ͷƺʲôʹ˵Ʒ磬
סƷ˵ͷ˽ԸղŽȵķʽС
ȻƷ绹˽ĵģиô˽ʸ񣬱˺ס
ֻƷ˽ϣ˸һصĽâеҰ
ţâȥ
˾벻ŵǣԭƷڵ˽ȻˣģȻǺףػչ˵ǰ
ҡ״㵲ѣΪΣݺݵԼһѣȷʵΡԼѾԱôֻˣ
ţֶ˵ɵʵҡҲôѾҡ
ֵܣ˵ЩʲôأȣΪǶܾȣ㾹Ȼ»ˡСȤֵùЦ
ȷʵĺܾƷȻܹ˸
塣ȿļǵãΪ˱ԼȻԸ׳Լ
СȡҲʣû£ҲǸеޱȵοϲ
ƺʲôƷɬʵƷֵܣܲ·Ҳ
Ʒһ㶣Ҳеʹϧ˽֣ƷԵúܱǸ̾Բҵ˽ֻһ˸Ҫ޻˽ĻҪʱ䡣꣬·ǵѽֻ֮С
Ҳǵ˰ɡ̾ϢҲƷ磬Ͼÿ˶˽ĵġ
ˣСȣô£ôܹˣһͻˣħ㵵ʵҲǴеľ
˵ɫȻԵüΪʹ࣬˵˵ĸףĸ׾ҡ
ĸף˸ɻ
ͷ˸⣬ʹ˵ڤ֮УĸӵԤ֪δĸԤ֪ǻһֻһδ֮ʱҸʩڤطһδ֮ǰڤ֮ĲǣҸ٣ڤ֮ľͻйҵϡҸ֮ĸԤ⵽ԼĲ⣬Է׳Լҵڤ֮ġںڤ֮֮ĸױΪһ塣ĸڤ֮Ļ֣֮Դںڤ֮ĺ󣬱ӵеڶҲĸҵڤ֮ı٣Ҳ¸ܼ̳ڤ֮ĵɡҸоҾǸҺĸǣûҵĻĸͲΪҶ
˵ţȱ㼫ʹˮԼ޹ĸĸû뵽ΪԼȻԼЩԼδ֪ĸԹޣڸоԼǸɱԼĸĿ֡
ȵĻ˳Ĭ̾ڤɷЩ̰İ࣬Ͳᷢⳡˡ
СȣһжɷЩ̰İ㲻ԼƷסȵ˫֣һЦǺǣСȣȻĸĸȥˣȴԶǲûȥһֱڿɳ
𣿡
Ըоģòܹ㸸ĸһҪúõĻţǲŻᰲġƷͷһЦ
һ㶣İԼؿڣůůģ̧ͷһЦһţúõĻš
һ̣Եúܰ
ǣԭܰȴһͻǿϢơ
䣡
֮䣬ͻ䴫һ죬һϵϢ鶯ؾƷ߱ƽš
һǿϢ֪ȷʵǿѾ߱ħơ
ɣƷǵɫ
ģôûû˵ģСֱӳ챬˾ֿڡ
ţһƬƬա
䣬ڿվֱֳһϵӰ
𺧲ѣĿµӰ
ֱǵϵӰ𽥵ı֮ʱٶһ
һλϵĺڷߣݵףӣֻɫԵü㲡֮ȻղƣȻչ¶ʮɫʱɢһϵϢ
ֵǣϢǿȴǲڲʵʵ˺
ģλͻȻֵĺڷߣƷϿ֮
˾λڷߣλڷҲǼ侪㵵Ʒһˡ
߽λڷߣԽϤɫͻȻ͵һƺ뵽ˣǶħ֮
ħ֮𾪲ѡ
ţƷǺڷߵϸȥԺвɸֳսħеʱħ
ûȷʵǶħ֮
ŵǣħ֮ǧ꼶˵伣˽ǧ꣬ôͻȻ֣
ǺǣûϷǶħ֮ڷЦЦֱƷȣֵлħ壬ϷڴԸл
ƨƷͻȻߵĽе
ɵˣƷ羹Ȼôħ֮а壬ǿԶżħⲻħ֮
ħ֮Ҳһ£Ҳ˿ûжŭúȤӣЦʣǺǣСֵܣ˻
ߣħзô飬ɶһɣƷʵ
ǵģϷȷʵǺħ֮ص
ߣȻΪβȥֹֹ𣿿Цǣõħ֮ȻĿŷΪȥڵǺˣħ壬͵òȻ˵лһлͿ𣿶ħ֮Ĳ䣡Ʒŭɫ˵ȫڶħ֮ݡ
˾ѣл֣̿ǧ˵Ʒ磬ҲԲҶԶħ֮κεĲ
ԣƷħʷϵһλ
ԭΪĺŶħ֮ΪƷⷬŭȻŭ
ǣħ֮ûУɫԵøӵ㲣Ե÷ǳΣƷ磬˵ǵģ˵úܶԡΪħ֮ϷȷʵûħΡǣϷħ壬ҵ񣬶ϷȴΪ
ߣʲôΪƷߵ
ǽҪȥֹƷ磬ƴƷʹɫħ֮ħ˫֮ϡ
ǺǣǶõ𰸰ɣħ֮ЦЦֵǾλϷƲħ
һ㶣ħ֮Уȷʵǻܣ֮սͨܣһҲֻнħ֮Уܹõ𰸡
ƷͷҲҪõ𰸣رǹͨܡ
ţ˱Ŷħ֮Ʋǰħ


1451 ħ
ħħ
ħеħǧĹʷ˽ǧ꣬Ȼ
ͳħ壬֮䣬ľ벢ǺԶ
ԼĪʮӵʱ䣬˱ħ֮һƬ֮ء
һƬնȻоߵ˾ͷһ㣬չȥ˺ڰһƬڰͼνħ
˵ħƷ֮䣬ΪֽħΪǿʢԻ͵ħ
Ƭ޾ڰ֮УĸоڰǱһɼΪµϢħľ磬ԸоƬڰһ޴Ľ磬ڰ֮ԭˡ
ʱħ֮ͣӰתЦ˵Ǻǣڤ¶Сǰɣ
ڤ¶һ㶣ɻ
Ʒ絹ˣɷ֮ʱɷ˵ԭݣǽڤ¶
Ǻǣǲ֪ˣδ֮ǰڤȡΪڤ¶ħ֮΢΢һЦ
ô֪ЩȾʣ֮Уȶڶħ֮ǳ𾴵ġ
֪ġħ֮ЦЦֵѾ̳㸸׵ֽԻȥ硣
Ͳ𣿡Ȳʡ
ƷҲüͷ΢壬ħ֮ǿЦоħ֮ڣƺûʵʵ
뵽ڴˣƷо͸Ӻˡ
ϷȷʵԣǣȻһˡħ֮΢΢ͷЦǺǣʼɡ
ȻӦűǿڤ֮϶ٶҫһޱҫ۵Ѫ⣬һɿֲϢɢ˿
ɫڤ֮˽֮£Īĸо˲壬׷˼֡ƷϾδĴﵽħεľ磬ҲǶϵǿڤ֮о˼־¡
ֻ֮ͨע˫֮С
͵ģȳ˫ƸճǺڰ˳ȥӿһ޴Ѫɫ޾ĺڰ֮С
䣡
䴫һװľ죬Ѫɫƺ⵽һ谭ںڰ֮м˿Ѫ⣬̼סеҰ
ɣ˾㵵Ǻڰȥ
Զ׼ǿѪâ֮УڰƺѪâ˺ѿһ㣬ԭᰵĿռ䱻ȥ
ֱѪ⽥ʣȻǰԵúܺڰҰȴǱˡ
ڰ֮У̾һյɽ壬֮ߣƿͨ춥ޱȵƷ֮䣬һİħһ˵Ϣ
ûħ
Ǿηָпһˣħյ֡
ǣ˾ǣħ֮ƹ磬Ǿһ㣬šеĿռҲޱȵĻңǱԭлҪӵĿ£ǹľ޿һ㣬ƺҪɾһƬеء
ȷʵһƬɫ춯ʵ£һɿֲϢϮ£η
ƷҲסˣмҵĿռ䣬ǻҵĿռ棬Ʒƺоһɼǿδ֪һ޷
ħֶ֮еˣЦǺǣħ֮Ǳܽ⿪еɻˡ
˵գħ֮һһ㣬ʧ
Ʒع˵ȥɣ֮ǰĴ𰸣Ҳ֪ˡ
˳ͷкγҪ֪ǰ顣
ţ˱ֱħзȥ
ٽħԽܸоɭϵħϢ˲ݴ
У˵ıѹֵķǳһԡ
֮ǰĹ㳡֮Уһ޴ĵҲչʮԺɫӣƺܹеһУϵľݣμɢһ˵Ϣ
֮ħоǱһݺݵĴһԺ֮УǱݺݵһ£ħѣܲ˿µ֮
Ʒ֮⣬޴ħ֮ʱ׷׹һ֮ǰħĴڱħľ֧ħΪħ֮
ţ˱㻺ȥŲᣬҷκε¾λħеߡ
ֱ
֮䣬ƺȫĿռһ㡣
ħʧˣܱߵһжʧˡܵһУΪһƬڰڰ֮һɹɹĺ֮Уһڹ˸
˾ѣѭǺڰ˸ĺڹȥ
ʮӽǵڹ⡣
˼ڹе֮ʱɫ㵡
ʱǺڹ֮УϵľӰ֮ǸղĶħ֮ұ֮ǽħʱħ񣬴ħ
Ӱţҫźڹ⣬ֵڹƺħ֮ħһ壬˳ŵıĿţϵɢһǿµϢ
ȻɢϢǺǿ󣬵ȴ;ƿݰĸоԸоϵϢǳ΢Խ֮΢Ϣ
ô£˾㵲ѣܼλ˵ħееȻҲ˾ηֻ΢ϢҲȷʵӦú
ǺǡһЦ΢΢𣬶ħ֮Ӱٶ֡
ٴμħ֮ʱҲˣֻǶħ֮ħѣȻڣȴûʵʵһλħǿ߶ܹɵɱ˶ħ֮ħꡣ
ˣƷҲƺЩˣĬͷ
ǰ⵽ô£ô̲סʵ
ǿҪȥˡħ֮ĮȻɫַǳɣĸо
ȥȻ
ħ֮΢΢ͷ˵ǽħ֮ǰѾħɫɣͨͨ
ͨɫƷɫһ
ûħ֮̾ǧǰħսħ䣬ӡڴˣ罻ħʹ˸ģ֮ǰϷħҪͨͨͨȴ֮ͨУйɼµϷң֮ͨСϷȴͨǱĻˣȴһֱ֮ͨУ޷ͨеĽޣȴıڹ¼еȴ
ôţƷסʡ
ǺǣһǰħڤٶҪͨͨȴҲ⵽ЩѣϷȴǵԴͨӳħ֮һЦַǳĸо˭¼ŵһδ֪Ŀռеȴĥʵ̫ˡ
Ǿ˵֮ǰڤħս𣿡Ʒʡ
ȻħǵĿҲϷһǵĵֻ硣ħ֮ʹ֮ɫ˵
ͨеʲôĿԴͨ𣿡Ʒ缱ʡ
ƺܼͨҲܸȤɣħ֮ЦЦ̾ϧϷʱܻشˣϷͨӳ֮Ϣ΢˴ħشϷԽ֮ԴħϢϷʹڵħ꣬ϷѾҪˡ
Ʒ缱һ֪࣡
ǺǣϷҲ⡣ħ֮εЦЦȣЦڤ¶СѾ̳㸸ڤҲֻſɽǶˣҲϷǰ˼
һ㶣ƷȴǳĬˣƺڹʲô


1452 ֮
ǵģƷ˼š
ħ磬ǷǳĲпᡣԼܹǿбȴǿ߿⡣
Ʒǵǣڶħ֮Ǹ֮󣬻᲻˼ԼǱһ֡ƷЩħ֮УʵǼʶ̫пһĻƷвò
Ʒֺìܣʵ̫Ҫ֪ͨе顣ǰǳڤħ֮սƷ絹رĸȤ
ħ֮ƺƷǵ˼ЦǺǣϷ֪ڹʲôϷ˵ˣǵĵֻЩαʹ壬ûмʶ磬Զף嫵Уħ֮𲻹Ǻеһųѣħ˵ǾԲƽģǸǶʹޡ
˶٣ħ֮Ʒ˵ƷСֵܣħĸǣЩڷĵϷһֱڹע㡣޵Ǳܣڲ֮㶨ܳԽǣܹħ塣
ħ壿һ㶣Ʒʣ⻰ʲô˼
ͨڿ˵Ѿͨһ룬һ룬Աмı׶ˡҲǧ֮󣬻֮ͨ˺ħ硣ħ֮Ȼ
˺ħ磡
˾סˣû뵽ͨȻ˵Ŀ¡ղڽħ֮ǰҲۼʶƬĿ¡
ðɣ㣬СôƷ
Ǻǣڤ¶ڵڤ֮Իָǵħ֮ЦЦֵǷģϷǾԲκεĶ⣬ϷԴѪģϷжǲ⣬ýֻء
Ʒͷֵǰ֮ǰᣬԭǰ񡣡
ȤϷ㡣ħ֮ҡͷһЦ
ллƷٶȾһűȵͷʾһ¡
ȱٶǿڤ֮һǿҵѪɢŶһֲϢ֮С
䣡䣡
Ҳ˾ڤ֮ĿֲϢɫ̶ˡ
ٶϣ˫һڣǿڤ֮עڶħ֮ħڡͬѪ⣬Ŷħ֮ǡ
Ѫİ֮£ǿ̼˶ħ֮ħڵѾõٶȱѡ
Ȼ֮䣬һȿֲƱԭڶħ֮ϵѪ⾪Ȼˣһϵϣ̼ϯħ硣
ζħеλߣڳоˡ
һصĴϢͽֻһϢӿֳһɿֲϢռ䲻ŤƷˡ
䣡
һ죬ħһ̸һеǿҺڹ⣬ڿգ鼰֮䣬ħӿɢֳĳ嶯
ƷţƷһעﻹڵţԼһѡ᲻һΣĴ
ģâȥħʡ
䣬ħ֮ħϵİţ˫˵ӽȡƷɾǣڶħ֮ǵϵĸм
ħ˵һλǳбµħ
Ʒǵһۼħ֮󣬸о֮Уżº֮ɫǴ˵еĲб¡
ħ֮Ц⣬мѡ
öħչһЦлл㣬С¶
С¶Ȼ
Ǻǣ㸸Ϊֵ˵ĻĽб塣ħºһЦ
ǡԺҾͽħ壬ڲС¶ҽСȡЩ°˵ͬΪ֮ŴħʱȴǸо˾޴ѹ
áãСȡħͷһЦ˶٣ЩȻ̾ϧ㸸ѾˣܹλöŮһܿĵġ
΢΢ͷɫ˸УŴħʵħ壬Ƕ֪ǰ׷ʲô飿Ϊʲôڤħ֮ս
ƷҲڽŴħпҪõ𰸡
Ϊͨ⡣ħ˵
ͨʲôƷͻȻʡ
ħƷ磬ԵΪ֮ͣЦʣǺǣȻһֱڳ֮Уħ֮ȴһֱڹע㣬ħľǣûеĻħѾˣҲڡ츳ǱǿʱգܳΪеߡ
ħͣƷδҶϲ⣬ֻ֪֮ͨе顣Ʒ繰ֵ
֮ͨе𡣡ħ̾걾ڤֵһͬٴͨͨͨ磬ɲ֪ȴʧˣֻһ롣ⲻҪģǴ֮ͨͨʱһɼΪµĸܹݻǵ־ܹݻǵ塣ڤش֮ڤħսȴڤħеһЩ𣬶شչأȥֹȴûڤǼ࣬Ȼ˵Ϊڤֵشչ֮ʱں֡ЩѱȥȻħҲ֪Ҫĺƽ١
⼸࣡һ鶼ߺݺݵͻȻ뵽ƺЩˣֳĬŴͷ
֮£ԭˣɳܿɺ޵ڤħ徹ȻôһЩࡣ
ͨڵΣܱܲͨƷʡ
Ǻǣԭǲ̫ܵģϷħֵֽ֮ټСȵĻһ꣬ɳɹͨͨħ»ص֮Уʹ壡ħ֮Ц
һꡭƷɫһ
ǺǣСֵܣϷףΪ˼Ҫ磿ħ֮ɻЦʵ
ҵѶӷ½ҵӺѾ֮УҵǵİΣԲŻȼҪ磬һʱʵ̫ˡƷ˵
ǺܳҪͨͨʵ̫ˣûһʱ䣬ԴͨͨοħֵֽյԸǰħ֮ص
ھͲԴδȫͨͨнȥ𣿡Ʒ粻ʵʡ
Ҳô˵ӦͨеõĻҲܹҵѿڡֻ̫ãˣϷͨ꣬˵ǽ磬صħ綼ѡ֮ͨлǿĸ֮Դݻ־ȥ壬У궼ɽֻ֮Сħ֮Ȼ
Ǿֻеȵһ֮ˡƷɫȻ䣬˵һ꣬һ궼Ʒ˵ʵ̫ˡ
һ꣬ʱ֪ԼǻǷţ
ǺǣƷСֵܣһѣٹһĻܵõ֮ͬʱͨͨ磬ҵ֣սʤĴħЦ
Ʒ΢΢ͷЩȴǲȤ
ƷСֵܣ㲻̫ڻģһᾡͨͨħ֮ЦЦֵֻڵޣҪһεʱչءħҲһƬмЩɾҪ鷳ˡ
˳ͷֻƷȻܵ䡣
󣬶ħ֮ħ˱չأƷҲ뿪ħ
ϾħѾ⵽˲صƻгǳرһЩҪؽΪ˽Կħʵ


1453 Ҫȥ
ħؽɲһһϦ顣
λħǿߣҲǸԻصءħ֮УǳˣֱħϽ
ħеؽȻÿصС
Դڤ֮ƷҲü֮ߣس˴ħǿ֮⣬Ʒħӵеߡ
Ϊ֮ͨܽᱻʱħ磬ħλħǿҲǽ˱չǱޡ
ʱ䣬°ȥ
ת֮䣬ꡣ
ʱħеؽƣһǳذεض𡣰֮Уħ֮жԵúܰûսҷرֵ֮Ϣħ֮ħе˶ޣȻħ岻ָܻԭеǿʢʵҲࡣ
Ʒأ
Ʒ֮⣬СڿڷܿޡʱƷ׼ҪɷõħССǾһʱ̫׷ҪԼͻƾ硣
ԣƷ㽫Щħɸա
Ʒǰ߸壬ǿħ֮󣬾ȻֲĴﵽħ߽׵ʵֻҪںϴԪͻƵĻϣã
ƷףԪ֮ӵеľжôǿ󣬿ɲǽЩͿԪٶȵõͻơ
ƷҲڿޣƷ˵һʹĥƷ»úǷϡ
һ갡˳ʱ䣬ƷܵȴˣǴԪٶȵõͻƣҲ޷ȫȥͨͨ
ֻǣͻ֮£ƷʵǵȲˡ
գƷͻȻСǶ˳
ǣħ
ĹҲõؽƣеҲøӵǿʢ
ʱħ֮УƷھ۴ˡ
֮УƷλ֮УƺŸοһ㣬ö
ɻ󣬵뵽ƷͻȻҴӱչټضҪ֮¡
Ʒ磬ôˣʵ˴еĳţѿƷ˼ƷϵЦݿһձһ٣ô᲻Ʒĵʹ뵣ء
Ʒ˿һۣãȻһɫ˵˴رټλ۴ˣмҪλ˵һ¡
ɻ󣬵Ʒɫ࣬
磬ǲǱչзʲô飿Сʡ
ûУǹԼ顣Ʒҡҡͷ
磬ͱˣʲô¾ֱ˵ɣȻҿɵءСֵƷ磬ɫԵżɫ
Ҿֱ˵ˡƷ绺˿Ȼ˵Ҫȥ磡
磡
һ㶡
Ʒ磬ͨδȫͨôȥ磿ȼʡ
ƷֵܣʱȥĻɲǿЦġ֣ص˵
ҲǿЦģǺĸ˵ѾˣҪȥ硣ȻͨδȫͨҾȥһƷȻ
УԵúܼΪ˵Ʒ磬ȻǶܵеǣͨǼΪΣգԶħ֮ǰ޷ͨҪǽȥĻǻǾһҾԲͬ⣡ҲԲͬģ
磬Ȼһ֧㣬ҾԲͬ⡣Сһ˵
ǰʵ̫ðˡ˵Ҳ˵һûȥ֧Ʒ硣
֪ΣգұȥһȥƷɫᶨ
⻰Ҳ˽ƷԸֻҪƷ˵飬Ǿ;Բᷴڵġ
Ʒ磬Ҫôҵ𣿡ȽƷ磬ż⣬ʵƷܹͨгɹ磬ζȾҪƷֱ֮ãοͨлǳΣա
֪ĲܵˡƷ˵
Уȥȵ
Ҳȥ
ң
ģҶ㣡

˷׷Ȼ
ƷкܸжͨΣգҶܹԼͨƷȴǲȥܴҵ˼ͨʧЧģƷҲôԼһͬȥðա
Ѿˣ˴֮УұɡƷҡͷ
ȨǵɣҪȥĻҲ͸һȥȺִܹĽеֻʵ̫ƷŻġ
СȡƷص̾˵ħɲͬϵħأڵתԡԾǳɹһͬ磬ϵϢҲβˣɺܴ鷳
ȻƷ˵ûħ滷ܴ󡣶ƴ֮УħǿߵҲǶȻ٣ϵħأ浽ĻһֱҪȻױЩеǿ
˳ĬƷ̾磬һҵӣҵĺӣҵѣĺܵǣһʱĵǣңһɹġȵ֮󣬱ضؾۡ
Ʒ磬ȻܵƷİΣƷ˵ЩǺ˺ڣȰĻ̻ȥˡ
ãȥиƺ¶ĳּѵľ˵
ʲôƷʡ
ٺúõҼ졣ɫš
ƷȻ˸֮ɫоö̫ˣ˷ǰȥƷľȻͷһúõ㡣
ȻȶѾͬˣСȻܲģҲܲƷգҲ֪޷ȥȰƷ磬ҲûٷԵˡ
磬һҪСģһ֮ǽ֮һҪ㣡С˵
һģҲϣʱܹǵǿ󡣡Ʒ˵ͷ
ƷֵܣǼֵǣʺá˵ɫԵúܳء
ġƷɬЦˡ
ȻһһƷԡ

գƷȡ
ҹڿ֮УѪ֮¡
֮䣬Ʒš
ԣġ
Ⱥ̰ӵƷ磬ƷӴԶȥ
Ʒ磬Ҫ뿪ˣɡķĲ¡ͻȻŨŨ⣬뵣ǡ
İɣһûµģֻҪίˣҪһꡣƷ縧ȵǽݣϧѡ
ֻҪû£һҲ㡣˵Ŀ⽻ڣþò롣
Ʒ΢΢ͷ̧ͷǰԵù¼ŵѪ¡
Ʒ磬֮ǰһԸ𣿡̧ͷĿгŨŨ⣬ɫԵЩɬ
ƷЩľ
һ֣ܱͻȻסһƬѪɫĿռ䣬ȫ
ţȷ뿪ƷĻѪɫ֮£ȥϵչ¶磬˵塣
Сȣ㣿Ʒ羪סˡ
𡭡չһЦɬ̵Ҳ֪һ֮Σһ̣Ҫȫӵ㣬УܾңȻһԶ㡣
Ʒжѣе⣬СȣҵӣԶǡ
ȵͷһЦҸһЦ
Ѫɫ֮£˷ӵ˫ϣ˴˵壬Ľڡ


1454 
ħƷڴ֮С
ȥ磬Ʒ粢̫֪Ҳû֪ͨħǣνսͨƷҲֻǴһ˹
Ʒһȣȵɫߺ죬Ŀг벻ᡣ
ϵϢӿ
ţħ֮ħڴ֮С
ǺǣƷСֵܣôͻȻǰҶλħ֮Цʡ
˴ǰƷмرҪҪλǰæƷ繰ֵ
ƷСֵܲؿħ֮лûʲôǰﲻġħЦ
Ʒ΢΢ͷֻͷɫȣһɫ˵ѾһˣѾˣҪȥ硣
ȥ磡ħ֮ħɫ
ħ֮˵ƷСֵܣǶ飬ҪȫͨͨĻҲҪϽһʱ䣬ʹڵҲ޷硣
֪ҪͨһƷص
ͨħ֮㵵ĵɴ˫ۣʣƷСֵܣⲻڿЦɣ
ѾˡƷĻص
ħ֮üͷ壬Щõ˵֪ͨһµĸֽ֮Σ֮ءǶܿ츳ǱԺҲ򲻿ȱ㣬ʵ̫Σˣ޷Ӧ㡣
λǰ֪µΣԣλǰңһֻܹͨҪλǰҽͨƷɫᶨ˵
ħ֮ˣΰħš
ƷλǰƷ繰ֵ
ƷСֵܣûбͨУĿռʵ̫ңϷҲǾһǰħڤλֵٴȥͨͨȻϷûĻᡣ˵Ϸ㣬ֽ޷ȥͨĳħ֣֮ص˵
ǰ˵ûͨʵ̫ΣˣҪصĿǱܴǿɲװ׵ˡһʱȻ̣ħеĻܺúõĻţԽҵҲǺпܵġħȰ
λǰʶƷѾ¶ˣбȥĵȲˡƷᶨưӡ
ԥˣ˼ţħ֮ʵСȣҲͬ𣿡
Ȼ֪ƷǰȥȷʵǺΣգȻصɫ֮Уǳŵ֮ɫ
ħ֮ħӣ漴ħ֮˵ðɣǻһ֮
лλǰƷм
ಣಣ
һ£˱˲ڿա
ʱħϿ֮ռһƬң׵֯ſµĿռǹſɭɭ޿һ㣬ǻҵĿռ¶һޱȵͨڣһ㣬ŤĿռڳתš
ͨеĿռΣҪħǿϰٱħǿ߲룬Ӧռض˲䱻ǼѵĿռǡ
ΪͨеĿռ̫ǿңħ֮ǲŻٰȥȰƷ磬ƷȻħ֮Ҳֻܾ֮ȥƷˡ
ʱƷǻҵ֮ͨ¡
ƷСֵܣѵ㲻ͨܿ𣿡ħ֮ʣǽҪ˵Ʒ硣
Ǻܿ£Ҳǣĺܵǣһʱ˵ʵ̫㡣Ʒ֪λǰңѾƷٴολǰܹҡƷ˵
վһߣĬ˵ʲôأ
Ȼˣֻȫһ֮ˡħ֮ε̾˵ڴ֮ǰϷҪǣͨеʱȻĿռܻңҲȶĿռڣһҪȥ˳ӦͨĿռȶɣõĻ˵ܴͨ硣
ǰԣƷġƷصʵƷ˵߱ſռֻҪͨеĿռ仹ЩȶԵĴڣƷлᡣ
ΨһܰǣǱǼҶС֮ͨڣͨĵһؿӦû⡣ǵҲǼĴڣȫ֮ͨͿȥˡħ֮˵޷Ļþȫǵʱֽصħ磬㶨Ҫмǡ
ƷףԸǲеĻһȫƷ˵
ðɣǾףˡħ֮΢΢ͷֵǻὫ֮ͨڣǿӦÿԳܵˡ
лǰƷ
ȵȡȵ͵һ˽ƷĻУֵĲᣬĻǶƷĵǡ
ǺǡƷЦЦҲǷǳ§ȣжгΣСȣίˣģһܹȥġ
ͷ̧ͷӦңһҪţҿԵһ꣬һ֮һҪм㡣
ģһġƷ϶Цɿ˫֣˫ȴǽȶţתƿߡ
һҲһ꣬ҲԶ
ţƷڿգӽͨǰỨȣĲᡣ
ʼɡħ֮˵
ţħ֮ħǿҲʹ֮йڵڤ֮
䣡䣡
ؾɴﵽĿֲϢ֮䡣
˺ֱħ硣
䣡䣡
һľ죬ǿռ伫ȵŤĺڿ֮УƺܵƣøӵĿŭһɹɼ˺һеĿֲϢš
䣡
ħ֮֮עƷڡ
Ʒ͵һ𣬱оһɼӴֲӿڣȻǿƷȴ޵ִڶħ֮Ĳٿ֮£ѹƷڣֻҪǿƷҲǸод˿ҪѰʹ
䣡
űǴħǿħ֮ӿƷڣѹƷڣƷ˸ޱǿҵĹ⻪ͬһ㣬⻪ϯƬڿա
󣬱ȡ
ҧᴽƺ˼ѵľһ㣬һǿڤ֮עƷڡ
ǿ֮ۺƷڣƷԸоƿذǿħ
Ʒ˫ȭ¿մɫȻȣоʹͷСȣһ㡭
ಣ
ת֮䣬Ʒ绯һ⣬˲֮ͨС
Ʒʧͨеһ̣һΣڸסӱȻ񣬽ĿƷʧһ̣ȵͻȻǱ˺һ㣬ʹ಻ѡҲƲסʹ
ħ֮̾һĲ̣ȴֲ֪ȥο̧ͷɭµͨڣֻƷܹɹͨ


1455 ͨ
䣡䣡
죬ŤĿռ䡣
ûνĿռĴڣܱ֮ǿռһɫ׹Ϯ˺ѰƷ硣
ƷڼĴĵһɶħ֮Ʒ˸ǿҵĺâҵĿռš֮ͨУȻǿЦģǽ˶ħ֮ƷҲܸо˺ѵĿռϮ˺֮ʹ
֪ԭĶħ֮ҵĿռͨˣʵһּΪʹĥͲġ
ͨеĵһؿڣҲͨΪҵƬиûκһƬռ䣬ȫˣеһؿھҪǿгƹȥ
ಣ
Ʒǿдǰ˺Ѱʹƴδ֪Ŀռǰֱ塣ƷĴҪúãͨеĵһؿǱÿڵһгƽȥõĻ˵һؿ֮󣬻һЩΪȶԵĿռڣƷյһЩռǿӦȥڼĴǿҲƷͨмָʱ䡣
Ͼħ֮ͨб궼ƷûԼôõһӾҵͨѿڡ
䣡䣡
Ŀռ飬޾ĺڰһֲϢĿռŰĺ֮ȫʧȥȻƽĻ֮˺ÿһƬռ䡣
ռоҵţƷ缴ǿҲǱռĿֲдݻš
Ʒодʹأ㻽սףټǿƷܵʹҪࡣ
εǣƷƴĿռгôãÿһռ֮УޱȵĻң鲻ûһܹġıƷһ͡
䣡䣡
ռ񲻶ϵıûκεһԣռ񱩵ıܱ֮ͬĶޣڻĵȴƷ
̫ǿˣƷ簵һѾҪˣƷҲãһǰֱ֮ãΧ鴦Ŀռ䡣
׺ϮͬԶŰ˵ĿֲһռеĿºףƷλƵչ˺
Ʒɫ䣬Ȼ֪ʲôε׿ĿռѾԽ˿ռĲΡǱ׻еĻƷǿս׻ǿҲܲ˰ɡ
ģƷһѳȥˣڻЩ׵ĺƷ̶ֻܾ㣬ƴǰֱ壬ҪôȥĻƷڵþƷͱˡ
䣡䣡
һĺףϵĺƷ硣⻹ģǣЩǴĿռܱĴĿռɶ飬Щȫڸг֣ĺϮƷ硣
Ʒ˵ֱһΪʹĥƷǱ޵һ㣬Ͳ֪Щ׻ƷĻҲߵ㣬ĿǷǳصġ
䣡䣡
ĿռĴƷʹ֮Ҳȫӵ˼£ſɶܹЩ׵ĺϮ
Щ׸ͲƷκδϢĻᣬһĹףסƷ֮ݺݵĺ˹ȥ
һʮףƷ֣ѾƷе·Һ׵ĺٶ֮졣
ƴˣƷŭһҪȥһ׺ĻƷɣһȥȻҲһ׸Уܵñʮ׸еĻʣˡ
ಣ
Ʒ缱˹ȥ˺׺İΧߡ
ƷҲ˱һ׻е׼Ƕ㲻ȥˡ
䣡䣡
µĺףݺݵĺƷϣĹ⻪˸ƷĻֱ֮ӱݻ٣ϵսҲǳһЩѣһԵƷڡ
Ʒʹһȫһ㣬ʹѣԺеʶҲǳЩݵĿհס
׵ʵ̫̬ˣƷ治ǰħ֮ôȥģֱǿˡ
ҵǣײƷƷʹ˻֮ս׵ķڻ⵽Щˣ׵͹̬ġ
֮£Ʒֻõ˼ĴڵĵһΪħħ֮Ʒȫʱȼһĺڹ⣬ڵ档
͵ģƷһЩ׵ĺһƴĿռгСƷʹǣĿռֱûû˵ģʲôʱܹﾡͷ
䣡䣡
ƬĺףݣݺݵĺƷ磬ƷκһֻҪû뿪ĿռЩ׾ͻĲƷ粻š
Ҳ֪ʱ䵽׹˶೤
ֻ֪ƷڵļĴϵģƷ缸Ѿһ㣬ʻ԰ܺ׺ǰȥ
Ŀռ棬ȫһģûû˿ռûû˵ĺ׺ֱǸĥ
ܿ죬ڶɼĴħ֮ˣĿռ棬һжû䡣Ʒûţ֮£ƷڼĴĵڤ֮
ڵڤ֮ʱԭ־ЩƷ磬ͻȻоһϤů⡣
СȡƷһ⻪ֳֻ֮ɫеҪţΪԼΪ˴ңҾԲ
𣡡
ƷһϳŶĿа⣬־ޱȵļͣź׵ĺϮһռĿֲ
ܷԲܷ
ƷвϵĬţ˫ֱռǰδ֪򣬼ʹǻңԶƷ绹˿ûзµһ̣Ʒ綼Բ
壡壡ƴĳ壡
ƷƺѾľһ㣬Ҳ֪˶ٵĿռҲ֪ǿµĺ׻˶ٴΡ
ֻǣƷԽԽǱϵսҲǱð޹⣬֮ڣƺѾ⵽صƻƷѾʹֻ࣬һᶨ־ǾǼ֣Ҫȥ
ϧǣƷĿռг֮ãڼĴǿҲĴƷ粢ûпħ֮˵һЩȶԵĿռڡھҪͷĻҲȫˡ
䣡䣡
һĺ׺ϮһռĳƷ岻ϵıݲУƷѾȫûʹĸˣǰᶨ־ƺ꣬޾Ʈδ֪֮С
䣡
һ죬Ʒ壬ǿ񱩵Ŀռ֮С


1456 
Ʈ죬ƷǼᶨƵ־С
ǣƷԼˡ
ûпռƣҲûʱƣһص磬δ֪磬ƷȻʶȴȫоʲô
оԼڣоκһƬɫʣ֮һ˵ϵĸо
ȻƷֻ˼ȴ޷κε֫嶯
ﵽʲôط𣿡ƷʶģģţԵúܹ¼ţȫһƬƮε磬ûоͷ
ҲԲƷ粻ϵţԼ嶼ӦҸΪƷǣԼʶҲʼ𽥵ı
Ʒ缫䲻ʣôܾأ
־ǿ־Ʒδйǿ־кܶ˵ڵԼδɵĳŵ֣Ʒ綼
ϧǣƷ־ǿҲͽ޹ѡ
׹䣬ϵ׹䡣
Ʒеʹ࣬еûڣ˵ʲôûõģֻƷܲģܲľôˡ
ΨƷܸоǣԼ̬ƺڲϵһƬ޾Ԩ׹䡣Ϣ䣬Ҳ˸е
Ҫ𡭡Ʒţɲ֮䣬ԺиֳĻ档
Щ֮УֳһϤݣֳԺƷһУԭ硣ϲбʹЦ
ȥʱ
ʵҲôĿ£Ʒ籾Ѿˡ
ǺǡƷ簵ЦˣΣҲһֻһζѡ
뵽ƷѾȫķſһУң
֮䣬ǳֻضѡ
ʱһƬδ֪Ŀռ֮Уãã磬һصϢһȫԽȻϢ
صĿռ֮УϵĵɫӰ
ǺǣѡеˣȻܹԵ֮䣬Ѿ㹻̳֮һ׺͵Ц𣬽һЦ֮ǰããĿռ֮Уӿһ󾪶

º͵䣬㣬һƬ߲֮ɫ
һƬ֣Ĵ֣˱ǵĻ㣬̲Ƭ֣֮ڣƬСˮ峺ڹյҫ֮£ˮͬ˸һſ貵ıʯ
ȻСԲ࣬ȴǳ˼䲻гһĻ
ΪﾹȻŸӣӢӣȫӡͨͷɫĳ׾ݣ޳üë¶׳ʵļ塣
۵ĹâӵС
ӵĽë˶˫ۣɻչ磬ƺΥ÷ǳůġ
⡭ʲôطѡѵû𣿡ԵЩԺʹĺܣƣ
ɣӻĳӣĹõչոյ죬ȫʹò׳ӣӱϥ
ţչǰСչʵգڿյ̫˵ˡ
͵ģһƺž˹Ц磡磡ڳɹˣ
û˱Ʒ硣
ֵǣƷ羹ȻûֵǣڵȻתΪ˴Ĺֻ֮ڵĹ֮ǳеĽӤ͸֮ɫҲǼĴǣƷֽʵξȻԪ۷ǿȣҲǱλʵ
ܹƷѾǳ֪㣬ֻҪһЩʱգʵɻָ
ڣزģƷֽʵЩеĻҲҪ͵ˡ
ﻷϢ棬Ʒ絹ҪﾲޣָһЩʵ绹ħ磬ûʵĻڲпġ
뵽ڴˣƷһ׼Ҫ֮С
ͻȻ
ˡһ
峺С֮УͻȻ佦һˮƷ籾µľ
ֻǣˮֳӰչ¶Ʒǰ֮ʱƷ˱ȫĴסˡ
һλŮӣ˳ˮɫ£ˮ峺տɫӣǰľգȵˣ磬ͦ˵ظӺˮðǽ˵ļ壬ˮܽأ覵չ¶Ʒ
ŮȻλŮŮ
ŮҲƷߣͫһɫһͨһغС
תһ̣Ů͵ִӺˮгԾֻǴ˽ɫ£ʼ仹ܹ˵塣
ֻǣλŮٶȴӺˮԾзɱ˰ŭ⣬ֳһǿҵİ׹⣬ŭĶƷɱ˹
ģҲùģôͨȻŮϴԡĺˮأƷ簵һΪùǣλŮӵʵףȻﵽ˱׼ʵҲǿˡǰĻƷȻƷʵǽλĲΡ
ݣ
һʵ̫ˣŮҲ湻ݵģһƷؿдȥ
ƷȻаò׼ɲܾͰװ׵ĶˣȥɱǣƷȫɢһ㣬΢΢һ£ʹ
ۼţŮӵһҪƷ֮ʱƺǿƷϵһЩʲôߺ죬͵һͣ˽ƣתƷ£޳ܣ
ƷһɶͷԵӣԼȥյûȻѹŮӻ޲ҪɱԼƷɫķ֣ԼϾȻûκһڸǣպǸСǣԭӣƫƫ崦һȻ˵ļͦѹŮӻͻȻֲɱԼˡ
壡Եć壡
Ʒ޲ڵڸȥ޵ݡ
иǣƷħôãҲûбһӦ׵ܲܰħķθŪɣ
Ʒ粻֪֮ʱŮ˦ӹһɫۣ˵̸Ҵ
Ʒ£ӹǰɫۣмлС㿶ʩ¡
лң㴩֮һɱ㣡ŮӱƷɱˣԲǿЦġ
Ʒ簵ŭѣֲԼҪģֻǲСĿһЩÿĶѣžɱ˰ɣ
ҲˡƷ
ĶС̴ϣŮʽĿǺȵ
ߣҪǴ㻹ɱңôɵ𣿡Ʒһֵ˿ǳͦƯģȴЫĳҲ֪ԼΪλ˵Ļ˭֪պϴԡľҪɱңҲǸʲôö
㣡Ůתͷ͵ߺת˻ȥƷ˵ǵĽأҺҵŮ֮⣬κ˶ô룬ôأѾǵ
ҹʲôأΪԸﰡƷе
ٷϻңǼңˣҸҲɱ㣡ŮӺ
˵ţͻȻһŮӵС㣬ʱѾˣǸûȥˡ
Ůһ㶣ƺ¶ĳּѵľһ㣬˫ۣתӵƷǰһֳƷ磬һͬԾںˮ֮С
Ʒ绹ûӦ㱻˸׽ˮ棬ŮӺݺݵ߬ԼβסǴէ֡
ţһλͬòŮߵ˺ߣС㡭
𶯣ɱ㣡ŮӶƷ紫ðͷźߵŮ˵ҾͿˣҡ
СҪЩŮӻصȥ
Ů˿ɫ
͵һ£ŮӻδӦ㱻һָֻݺݵĳȥƷǺľ˽סŮӵĲݺݵİסв𶯣㣡


1457 ˪
ƷѾû취ˣΪ˱ֻҪܹвԼƷҲԻ뾡һа취ȥɱ˵ˡ
Ůһ£ЦǺǣƾʵɱңǿЦ
飡һ
ŮڱһǿֱӽƷ˳ȥ
Ʒմͨܵ˾޴شϢܳܵŮӵ
͵һ£Ʒоо޻Σ˱˹ȥں֮С
ŮתֱƵƷǰݺݵĳеƷؿڡ
Ҳһ̣ŮӷϸĴƷ硣
ӢݣеķǷʣ֮䣬Ůƺֱ˰ĸо
ȻȻƷʵֽǰǱϵĶʻǴڵģŮӵľ֮䣬Ʒ̫Զ
ǣŮղԼƷһչ¶ɣֳ嶯ҪɱƷ硣ì֮ܵ£Ůӻ֡
ߣɱ㣬Ҳ̫ˣʱʹɣûĻԺˡŮһűԾУ»һɾİ£ɻͷǺһۣŹְЦЦתȥ
ʱƷںˮ֮Уڻ״̬
ƺˮѰˮ澹ȻһɾܵƷڣƷļʼõĸա
ǣƬˮȻΪһصıƷ类գŮû뿪ĻԻǳ֮𾪡
ʱŮŮѾߵ⡣
⣬վһλɫ꣬ƺǵȴѾˡ
һŮӣϲЦǺǣ˪ãҵȾˡ
磬ô⣿ŮʣԭλŮӵֽ˪
ǺǣʦرġЦ
߰ɡ˪΢΢ͷֻ֮ǰ̲סеķ˼ۣƺԵЩĪĵġ
˪ɫϵһЩ䣬ɻ󣬵뵽еһƬأȻҲûȥĥôˡ

˪ȥƷҲǽҼһ
ʵ˪ҪɱƷҲǲܵġƷϢȻشƷǿȾԲ˪ܻƵġ
Ȼ˪ĹƷ磬Ʒõ˿ԻָĻᡣ
ˮ֮УһصܾϢˮ֮Ϣǳĳ棬Ʒ类Ե̰ա
ģƷʶʼָ
Ʒ㾪ϲĸоϵӿһɾȺ£Ʒôأ
Ʒ㱻תΪգʼˮеľԭ΢ϢϵڸеõǿȻǲָܻԭʵָԪ龳ʵǿԵġ
㣬һʱ䡣
˪Īĵţ峿ҴҵС
ɸ˪СеʱȴסˣΪǺ֮ˮȻĸɿˣ¶һӡ
֮ϣƷϥϷصĹԣݣƮݵĳ˪ͻȻֵĴλӾǳ֮
ɣ˪ĽӽƷǰЩߣĻǺ档
˪ҪӽƷʱƷ籾ܾԵ˵ӣĶ˪Ȼֱֳ𽣣˪˵ô㻹ɱң
ڣƷѾˣڵľѾָԪ龳۷壬ֻҪٹЩӣָܻܿԭʵ˪λŮҲپˡ
˪£ԵúŭƳƷ˵ɱ㣿ҪҪɱĻҾͲŹ㣬Ȼ㻹ܻ졣
Ʒһ㶣ȷʵûƺǵãλŮӷԼһ𳤽ǸЦǺǣ֮£бǸ֪ȷʵǴС㣬ҲǷһձض𡣡
ˣĳĸлҵĻھͿԱˡ˪ֽЦͻȻƷȤ
⡭ƷŪ˸ΣʣСҪʲô
ʲôԺ͸űС㣬ҵ˰ɡ˪Ц
ˣƷɵˣѲҪŮ˵Ҳ̫ˡʵδȫָҶ֮һŲ˽⣬ƷоλŮӵƺ򵥣Ҿ͸Щӵˣвٵ洦
Ʒڳ˼ţ˪õ˵ιҵоܳԿҪ˵˿ɵųء
ǣҡƷæֵ
ǻ࣬ȻѾҵˣҵԼҽ˪ǵĳ֮Ů˪ԵЩ˵
ޡƷƽĵ˵ͷ
˪аŭоǰλƺһ֮Ҳû˵ʲôֵˣˣȣҪ֪֡
Ʒ΢΢Ѱ˼˻صҽС硣
С磿˪ϸüҲûʲô⣬ʣСǰɣ㣬ǴΪջᴳ֪ǵĽأݣǾԲܴġ
ҲǺƷͷεЦҺЩʧȥˣֻǵԼС磬Ϊλᴳʲôǵˣ
ʧˣ˪˼ϸĶƷ磬оƷƺܣһһǳص⣬СҸʩˮкоôԽˣҵԣ㲻ǸµĹɣ
˪ĸо֣оƷڵʵԼ̫Զ˪ֱСصǹɾжôǿ汻Ʒ˵ĻҲֻܽľ硣
ĲǵˡƷͷһЦȻǲʵʵ˵ˡ
ˣʲʲô»£ԲԸ߸κһˣһɱ㣡˪вԼƷǰչ¶Ʒ˽ӽļഥɫԵЩΡ
СģСԲὫй¶䣡Ʒĵ
ڸһسǰɡҪסڿʼҵˣ𣿡˪˵
ǣС㡣Ʒ繧˵
˪ƷǰӣⰵЦǺǣϻвٵҺܺءҰһﾹȻ͵СϴԡԺһĺ
Ʒ˪еĳУȥ
ǣƷħеǽһ֮оϻͦԵֵģƷжҲĪЩøС
ãߵ⣬Ʒ㾪סˡ
ʱչǰģһƬޱ޼ʵ磬֮أһԻ͵Ӵǳأǳ֮ռŽǧķΧǿǧ˿ڡ
û뵽еĳйģȻӴԱȵħǳصĹģˣȻǷͬһ㡣
еһ·нƣפء
Ʒ棬˪ĽӽǾ޴ĳС


1458 
ƬС֣Ҳжξ롣
ƷװʧӣҲ˪ѯһЩеĴ顣
½˵嫵֮УӵΪĵĻ½Ҫħʮϡ
½ܵÿɿɷΪ
һʹ塣ͳΣ֮УλϵĴڡǿ㣬ӵŰ˴ʹ塣
ս壬ҲǰڵĶʮǳأսͳΡ
֮أҲΪĵطҲȽϻңҲǿͳΣٹû
ʵȼħƣıǴ񣬴ҲǷеİǿߣǿеĻͬ˰ĴڡɵΪλλλ
֮Уŷǳƶȡħǣֻдﵽ񼶱ǿߣſӵΪǣǿҲֻǿµūͶѡ
Щĳ˽ƷͺҪħǿࡣ˵Ϲϵλǿߣټ֮УƷɲΪеǿ߻˵ļ򵥡
Ʒȥǣսأǵĳλǿߣ˪ΨһŮ
ƷʵδָܻƷֻʱǼ죬˪λƷӦò鷳ԼҲԺúõĻָʵҲȥ˽еĸ顣
ǣƷȴ̫ˣû뵽˪ΪˣǶôѹô鷳
ȻսǵʱЩ˪λİӻǲȥѯʲôֻɱ˺ͶʼɰĿȴͶƷϡ
⻹صģƷ˪߽ʱƷ˲ΪȫӵĹС
˪ʲôݣټ˪սŮĲǴģҪԸȥ˪ū͵ˣǵųɳˡ
Ʒ簵ùҲֻˣʵָ֮󣬱̵뿪ǣҪôȥĻҪЩ˵۹ɱˡ
˪߰ڳдϣӵĴѡƷǺεĸ˪ȴǶݺݵĿ⡣
Ǻǣ˰ɣܳΪҵūͣңܶ˿ɶĽء˪СŮƷЦ
ǡǣĸеҡƷ纹գħеķʵ̫ˣʵƷҲܸоŮӵĵǺģҲܹԼҵԼǡ
ôоرǿأ˪פתǲĵĶƷ硣
ǿһ㶼ǿƷ˵Ǻġ
˵ţͻȻһƷ˵ǳг˪á
ѭȥһλ࿡ɫྻ£ʲĻƷѭ󻹸ʮλ
ԼλݲƷҲɿλʵѾﵽн׵ľ磬ħеĻҲһλнǿˡ
硣˪Ц˪λĹϵƺ
ʱЦ˹˪Ʒ֮ʱƷǲѷԼĿò֮ɫζмʣɫǲƵ䶢Ŷ˪ʵ˪ãС˭
ޣҸյˡ˪Ц
ˣüͷһ壬ߵƷǰϸĶ˼֣ƷһӣдΪŭŶ˪һɫ˵˪ãСӲǳ˰ɣ
ȷʵǣС磬ҳʶģȤˡ˪
ʶˣüͷ壬ɨƷ磬ܸоܲڣ˪ãСģɲߣҪ˵Ļѵǡ
Ǻǣˣмûл˼ġһʧȥˣͷԵģȱūء˪ȤЦ
ʧˣ£ɰĽƷ磬вĿǶƷСӣҲ˭Ҳ֪ǲװʧ䣬ҪǱҷ˪κβĻһҪĹ
Ʒĵ磬мʵûлָƷҪҪɱĻҲ˲Ҫ˵
Ʒ羹ȻԼŭūţǶҵĻû𣡡
˪СˣֻƷȻ
ˣʲôŭôˣȻһū͸ӣΧҲǾ㵲ѣƷ粻Ƿɵ˰ɣȻȥ硣
磬ڳеǿ֮УȻʵǿݵλȴߣΪͽ
⹷
ЩҪѺסƷ硣
Ʒ˫һ裬˼ɱͻȻ˪ЩõĶ˵磬ֻǸūͶѣõŴ󶯸λѲҸūҲҪ𣿡
£û뵽˪Ȼ˵ȥһݲūͣ˪ݿԼʦİŮ˪㽵˵˪ãΪãСģĲģʦᡭ
ˣ˪ͻȻĻȻ磬Ĳ㡣
˵꣬˪󲽶ȥ
Ʒȥ磬˪
ɫݺݵĳ鶯ţȥƷ磬ݵİСӣҺúõĵţ
˪˸ū͵飬λū;ȻаϢܿ㴫ǣﶼըˣ۷׷ס
ƷΣôﶼأҪ͵Ǽ죬ָʵ֮뿪û뵽Ǿ鷳
ĻƷȴǲ޷
ʱƷ˪˳
ݻǹһ㣬ܴռ֮󡣸н䱸ɭϣĽƣǿ߲٣нʮλǿߡ
ƷϾū͵ݣʵҲѹƵ˱λľ磬Ա㱻õ˷С
ҲƷ⣬Ϊ˪Ψһūͣ˷еĻҲȥƷ硣Ʒһ֮󣬱㿪ʼʱռİ磬ʵʱȻ˵ȥҵԼǣᶪˡ
ʱռ֮УƷ㿪ʼ˱չֻҪʱ䣬ƷȫĻָʵ
ڱչ֮УƷķ䵱˪ū֮ҲģգƷķ˪
˪ƺǹҪƷһ㣬⼸գ˪ǴƷڳҹ䣬ҲֻƷķѣȻˡ
ƺΪһ飬˪⼸Ҳûȥ磬Ʒ棬ߵŮû
п϶ǰĽ˪Ʒ˪֮£жƷĶʼԹҲԽԽ


1459 
С磡
˪ֺܵƷ˷⣬Ʒ硣
⼸˪Ʒദ˪ѾϰƷλʱʱľĿɫӣҲƷȫһĶ
һ˵˵õ˵֮͵̸ϵ˵ǰ˾㵵ǣ⼸춼˪Լ˷Ǳܡ
£Ʒ߳˷š
ֵֽĲƷķ壬Ʒı
˵⼸춼Լķ˪ദĴй䣬Ʒ˪ҲżֺøУ֮У˪Ůӿټ
С㡣Ʒ繧˵
ߣҳȥ˪µ
С㣬СæƷ纩Ц
˵˪ͷĵ
ģʧȥ˼䣬֮˽١ҶԼʧǰĺ⣬˽е磬ҲҵļָкܴİƷ˵
Ҫ˽飬Ǽ켸ҹ˵ꡣ˪ƳƷ硣
СйһЩ𣿡Ʒʵ
ȻС˪صбԳһľᣬӹƷ磬˵йϣ¼йʷһЩǿߵļ򵥽ܣз飬ܹ㿴üˡ
ǺǣǾСҰɣҿ̻㡣ƷЦ
ֻ϶ѣ뿴þͶã㣬ҳȥ䡣˪ЦȻĵƷǰ˼ɱ˴ݲĳƷֱۡ
Ʒһ£æС㣬㡭Һһȥⲻ̫ðɣ
˪ɫһ죬֪ʧ˷ִ磬æɿƷ֣εЦǺǣǡھͳȥɡ
Ʒ˵ͷҲֻٿЩˡ
ɸ߲ãһλӭ˹
С㡣Ǹĳ˪
ʲô£˪ʡ
ѾˣС˻ȥһˡǸص
Ҹײǰűչôôͳˡ˪Сֹţðɣ͹ȥ°ɡ
ǡǸϹϾһʱĽƷ磬㻺ȥ
ת˪Ʒ˵С磬ȻȥңҺܿͻ
Ʒ˵ͷȴֺţǿлúÿЩˡ
˪Ҵҵȥ
Ʒæص˷УΪ˰ȫƷ绽˷壬ʱռ֮УôϣҲüˡ
˪⣬֮ŮƷЩҲȽϸˡ
ᣬǰĶһЩʷƷֻǴŵһ飬м䲿Ǽ¼һЩħǿߵһЩ򵥵ϣֻû漰ЩǿߵܣƷҲϸһ顣
̫࣬ƷٶȣҲ˽ʱ䡣
һ֣Ǽ¼ǰֽ񲻾һЩ顣
ӦҲʲôģƷĿ䵽һϤ֮ʱƷȴסˡ
ˮģǧ½ǿߣʹУˮϵ츳ԽǧĹͻн֮򴥷֮С
ˮģˮϵ츳ǧꣿƷ¼ȻȽϼ򵥣ԼŮˮȴͬΪһˡǧȴƷŪˣԼ½ħ磬ħд磬ĻҲǹһٶʱѣǧʵ⡣
ƷĥŲ⣬ҲӦò٣Ҳ̫ˮĻԼŮ
ţƷŪǾ¿
ɵƷĿ䵽һΪϤ֮ʱƷȻһ
ǧ½ǿߣսأ֮ǣΪһ֮ǧʢǿߡ
ⲻܣƷľôôɣʵ޷ǣЩɶںüǧǰʱ˵ⶼǲܵġ
ţƷžݣÿһϸڶݴ
һֱ˾ϵݣйˮ֮⣬Ҳû漰صϢˡ
˼ѾãƷ㰵Ǽ٣ҶҪȥ̽

ʱǵĳ֮С
֮УһλɫӣüĿ¹ڳȴһɰչ֣޿εɢ˵Ϣ
ûλӣǵĳ
֮УƺڴˣվԴ
˪ɻ֮У̤ԼĸƺЩԼ˪Щ֣̿ȴЩηʵףż죬ôͳˣ
£Ϊܲ𣿡첻õĳ˵ԼΨһ۰Ůϣȴһŭ᲻
˪ɫɻ󣬲磬ƺ뵽ЩʲôԵú˪Ҳûȥ磬ʵףҲ׷ʲô飿µصسء
Ǻǣ˵˸ū𣿡쵭Цʡ
ǵģС磬ڳʶġ˪ʵĻص
⣿֪ݣѵͲв֮𣿡˵
ǲ֪ݣ֪Բ˺ңСѾʧȥ˼䣬˵̸ʲô֮ģڸĸϣС͸вˡ˪˵
ʧȥ䣿֪δʧȥ֮ǰʲô˽Ȼʱ»嶯һЩ˵ûҲΪõģ˲Ӧߡ֣ص˵
Ȼ˪ԵúƳ磬ףǲ˽С磬⼸յദҾСͳ˲һǰʲôݣԲ˺ҡ
ȻΪĻпվʹҰɣܸÿ԰ɡ
Ȼû⣬ûʲôµĻС˪ȥˡ˪˵
΢΢ͷ
˪ĵ磬תҴҵ˳˴
ʦ˪Ҳʵ̫ˣ˪Ҳ֪СʲôƻЩ˪öСңŮøˡ˵
СȷʵЩ⣬ȥɣúС˪ߡձǸС磬о
ǡ繧һæ׷˳ȥ
ȥ֮Ѱ˼ţС磿ƺû˰ɣ
ʱܿ׷˪
˪á绽ס˪
˪ͣ˽ŲĶеͣҸ׵İɣ
˪ãⶼΪáε˵
ҪΪҺõĻͲ¸Ҹס˪ԵúֵˣûʲôµĻҵúСȥˡ
˵꣬˪ȥ
ݺݵսȭͷС磡ûСӳֵĻҺ˪ô
뵽ڴˣʵ̲Ҳĸȥ


1460 ѵ
˪صƷ˷סƷ𸮿Щϣصġһ˪ĻƷһͬȥƷտϵϲãҲѯһЩ飬ûԥĸ˪ȥˡ
֮ϣֳܿĽʼɵһĻ
Ʒ粻첻ĸ˪˪ǺӰֺĴҹ䣬ǵܱߵЩֺĽ
Ҳ֣˪ƷΪūҪѵƷġЩ飬ƷһŶеʣ˪ԼòƷǰȴ⵽˴ҲΪˣ˪ŻƷ粻ͬѰƷͬеĻڡֻʱպ֮£˪ɫߺ죬ֵǶƷѾûʱŭˡ
γ˪Ʒȴһصӣ㲻ʵС磬ôˣ겻ģ
С㣬ҵľѾˡƷ˵
ˣô죿˪һ㶣Ȼţ̽Եʣǲʲô
Ʒ΢΢ͷʣС㣬֪ˮ飿
Ǻǣɱ˵ϵǣпʢҳݵżء˪ЦƺԵúܸȤӡ
ʶʹǵ顣Ʒ˵˪аҪõ𰸡
˪һݰ˵λ˵Ǵӷ½йˣŶ̶ǧʱΪֻǿϧˣ˵ˮ񴥷˹ѾѺУԶ޷ųˡأսеˣȻˮҪ΢һЩҲǧʱΪڿǺǵĳأҲǺԶ
С㣬ȷǼǧǰƷ羪ɵʡ
Ȼɶ֪ѵ㻹𣿡˪
ûлɡƷҡҡͷ˳˼֮Уһʵ̫ˣƷҪȼλ
Уô࣬ǿȫϱء˪ƳƷ˵
ˡƷ񲻶Ļص
߰ɣҿɲ뱻һƻ˱Сˣڵͺܲʹ졣˪Ե˵
ɸߣȴͻȻ׷
˪á缱Ҵҵĸ˪ǰǲƵݺݵĵƷ硣
Ʒȥ飬м˦ͷһߡ
ʲô£˪ưʵ
ʦҸģһЩС˶㲻졣˵Ʒ硣
Ҫ˵Ҳõݣܹвҵ˿ûм˪Ϊ䵭˵ȥɣСžͿˡ
籾ΪƷĴڶΪջһ˪ô˵ǻðɣƷ˵Ҫ˾һ
˵С磿˪̵㲻úܿЦ𣿡
ȷʵƷֽѹƵʵҲͱλʵѣ˵ȷʵǲܶǿ߹в
ҡȻһʱԷʵҲǶʼֶѡ
ƷΣôͲףе˶ʼôôǿ
ûʲôͱˡ˪ɫƽֶƷ˵С磬ߣ
£ִס˪
һɰΧ˶סˣһ˫˫Ŀ׷ƷͶ˹һϷӡ
ȻǳԱˡ
ҲЩϹȥеŭʢǿŭƷ˵˪ãΪСӵĳ֣ôôң
С޹أֻҵūͶѡҲˣ㻹ҵ硣˪Ȼ
ھͲ𣡡ö챬ըˡ
ҲǣֻҪ˪΢΢ͷص
ΪСӣŭƷ硣
˪תİ۹˵磬ıˣʶ㲻һˡ
Ȼ˵ûСӵĻһֱǸ硣
ǺǣⲻҪʶġ˪ʧЦЦ
˪ת첽ȥ
ƷȻûȤȥ磬ȥ
ȥӰеŭԽʢɱ뵽Ʒֻһ˶ѣɱԼʦҲԲԼ
͵һ£ֳһסƷıأȻ˹ȥ
ݣ
ХĽ⣬Ľ
˾Ȼû뵽羹ȻƷ֡ͬƷһɥ֮ʱаϲƷ˵еġ󺦡
˪Ҳоˣʵǿ˾֮£˪ֹˡ
ΣƷȻ硣ֻƷɫţϵһЩϢоѾˣ羹Ȼƫƫʱ򼸷ԼڸҪԼ
һ̣֮ɫǿҵɱ˼̵ľ֮£һ˲ӵƷŽâϬ棬ѾƷıء
˪ŭĵɴ˫ֹۣ
ݣ
һǼһ㣬쵽Ӱ
еһ̶ɴ˫ۣסһĻڳΪһ֮£ƷǱɡ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
͵һ֮Ʒıؽ֮ʱһӰӣƷӰȻʧ
ȻδӦ㴫Ʒޱ˵ѾʴȷŹ㼸ˣ㾹ȻҪͱˣ
飡
һ죬Ʒڳһƣӡ

ʹһѪǱĵɳʮ֮Զеĳ䣬Ĳ嵹ڵء
ƷȻ⡣
Ŀ࣬𺧵ĽƷ磬һĻʵ̫ˣõнǿߣһգ۵ĹƷ羹Ȼв֮У췴һнش
Ȼ˪Ҳ׵ľסˣŵúܴһ˫𾪵ӽĶƷ磬ΪղһĻǴ
ϹĳǰһĻҲǾúϲ£죬һʱ䲻֪롣
棬Ϣ
㡭ʹţѪĳӣԵޱȵǱ𾪶ŭĶƷ磬ݺݵȻ㡭һȻ⣡ʵȻص֮
ʱΧЩӦ˹ʱ㽫ƷŵİΧ
˪㶣ǰͻȻİƷ磬ʵ޷ܣþòȻʣСС磬㡭ʵ
ƷҲ֪ܻһЩˣǸ˵С㣬Բ𣬸ղҲˣҪɱңֻΪ˱ѡ
죡ŭô˵汻Ʒ뵽ԼʵƷǰ˵Ĳãŭ죬еһв˪СİΣ£
ǣλе׷
£˪סЩ˵ﻹֲ
˪ãСӵʵص֮㻹Ҫӻʦ֪ˣҲԻе
ߣˣղҪɱС磬СûʵĻ¾ѾĽˣ𣿡˪ߵӸղҪɱƷһ¶ıԣ˪ڶѾǷǳˡ
ҪɱҲĻͲʶһĹƣ
ƣ㲻úܿЦҵʵҪ˺˪С㣬ҴѵĻᡣƷĵ
ǵģԣڿڳ˵£㵱ȻûᣬԺ˺˪ݣȵΧס
Ȼ
һǿϢֱӽ˶˿ȥ
Ʒüͷһ壬ǿϢԾǱԼģƷȴȥܡ
ţͽȻһ£סƷ硣
ʧ֮ƷӰʧˡ
ȻҲ֪ǳֱˡ
ʱߵ˪ǰ˪ãԷˣСӵʵ̫ˣʦǲŹǸСӵģ
˪ŭһ㼱Ҵҵķȥ
бŭɫһݣҲ׷ȥ


1461 
ǣ
Ʒڴ֮УǰһλߴϵӰԼ˵Ҳ뵽˱ǵĳ
գá
컺תƷ磬֮䣬һǿѹƷ硣
Ʒ羹Ȼܹ׵ĶԸ磬ֽҲûʲôˣƷʵѾָĲ࣬ǻͻƷҲȲʤȯ
ǿܣеĿռԵЩ΢ƷУɫƽȻκεӰ졣
Եú𾪣ҲԵɫأΪ裬ջܣƷʵ㵽˭ǱС˪ߵкĿģ
ˣҶС˪ûκεĿġճС˪֮ʱұ֮壬С˪ңţҶС˪޶⣬ҵѻָҼ뿪ƷɫƽĻص
㣬Ҫ˺С˪ĻؾҲֹ㣬ֻǸСǶѣҲ벻кĿġصоƷʵԶԼ֮ϣԼҲ˭ҲΪƷкβĿġ
л⣬Щɴˣڴ˵ǸƷ繰ֵ
ˡЦЦƷͬݣʵҺɻ֮пɶδţĻ㽻ѡ
ǺǣȻСҡƷЦ
С磿ǺǣֿİЦ
Ǵӷ½ġƷ˵Ҳֻôˡ
½Եúܾ㵣תЦǺǣǷ½˲ٵˣû뵽ҲǴӷ½ˣ츳ڳˣԺ֮бȻһΪ
˵ЦˡƷʵˣ˵Щˣɷˮ񣿡
ǺǣûǶǰӷ½ˣǧΪѾɾ֮Ц
Ʒ΢΢ͷȻǲ⣬ʵѾָòˣþҵλˣȻѾָҲڴ˴ţҵøˡ
ǺǣõģʱĻݷãʱӭЦϾƷʵʲҲдΪ͡ƷݻЩأܹƷ罻õĻ˵Ƿǳ洦ġ
ġƷ˵ͷֳһľᣬݹ˵֮ǰС˪ģҽ
ѵ㲻С˪𣿡ʣпɶƷǳкøУƷʵҲܹ˪ڵûȥƷˡ
ǺǣˣѾС˪ܴ鷳ˣԺʱĻٻС˪ǸƷЦ
ðɣҲǿˣϣ´ܹСǡص
ǡƷٴι˹֣֮䣬˲ʧڴ֮С
ƷȥǳľᣬȻ֪¼ǹеϣɻֹС磿Ĳ𣿡
󲻾ã˪һͬ˴֮С
ף˪յģƷӰԵüΪʵףСץߵİɣ㵽װСôˣ
練Ӧ˹ϲ
ô㸸𣿡ʵ
Сҵѣҽ֮£Ҳ·ǵѣҪıɱС磬СȲѲųڴ֣븸ȺúŪԭί˪ŭ˵ݺݵĵ磬ǷĿɳˡ
ջû뵽˪ȻΪƷ俪ѡ
ΪѾ֪ˡ΢΢ͷ
Сأ˪ʡ
Ѿˡ
ˣ
˪ȻͻȻԵúʧ䡣
뵽Ҳ̫ܣ˪ʵףƭңСôأСôƾռ뿪
Ϊûƭ㣬ʵԶ֮ϡһɫĻصȫǿЦġ
Զ֮ϣ˪ʵסˡ
ʦⲻǺǿЦİɣʵɫ֣ǸմŹתһȦ㣬ԼȻŭһλǿߣʵԼʦ֮ϡ
ף˵ţ˪ֱɵ
ȷʵģ˺أʵ츳֮ǿҶȫ͸ҡҡͷĽеһݹ˪ֵʱҽģҪҸ˵лл
˪ȻɫͻȻЩ㱣ĽӹǾᣬȻƷദ˲ãȻƷ뿪ˣ˪ͻȻÿտյġ
˪ͷ߬еľᣬ̧ͷʵף˵Ժ󻹻𣿡
ǺǣѣҲľˣġ΢΢һЦ
˪ͷɫն
˪ãԺÿ춼ġѹ磬ûֺðЦ
ĵĶҹ˪ŭƤЦһֱۣеľᣬһɿĳ˴
˪
ʱ䶢˵磬ΪҲ֪˼С˪ʺ㣬ԺͶ˼ɣٶС˪˼Ļһ̷㣬ǣ
һһû뵽ԼʦѵԼæֵ̿ʦĽ̻壬ԺԲٶ˪˼
ȥɡ챳
ǡɫΡΡ˳˴

ʱ뿪֮Ʒ磬ٷǡ
ǣǲԶ
ԴƷ˾ϹԼŮϢȻʱ䳣ϲǳ󣬵ǲǾǵŮƷ綼Ҫúȥ̽һ
ΣĵôƷäĿѰ˵ĻǴ롣ϼ¼ϢĻƷֺܵԼŮˮġ
Ȼ֪ж£˵Ļ᲻ϵĥߵߵȫĴ֮ʱǾڵˡ
뵽ڴˣƷӿ˽̡
ಣ
ͬһ㣬лһĹۡ
ľ룬Ʒٶ˵ܿ͵ȵ
ԼĪʮӵʱ䣬ƷһǿʢԻ͵ĳϿ֮
޳ǱǺˣ˳ǾǾ㣬̾ڵأռݵĵΧǻҪһǵԼӵģƷеܽ
ɣƷչǿĻʼ⺣չѰ
ԴƷָ˴󲿷ֵʵ֮Ʒ羪㵵ĸоԼĻ꾳ˣѾﵽڵľ硣
ڣǿȱǿߵԾƬΧǿߴڣƷҲܹƿ
ϧǣѰѾãƷûио񼶵ϢڣƷ粢޷װһ򵥵ĸıһЩòϢں֮С


1462 
ƷĻѾﵽڣ硣
Ʒžλδ֪ʵжǿֻҪ⺣;ӲƷĻӡ
ϧǣѰѾãûǿߵĴڡ
Ʒʱ˺еͨл񾧣ƷҲ׵ĿԵõԱҵ˳һƹݣʱס
Ʒÿ飬ľ޻ָʵ֮⣬ȻԻȥѰǵľֻҪǿߵϢڣƷҵˡ
ʱ䣬һĹȥ
Ʒ粻뿪ǣǹ˽һµʱ䡣
ڣƷӦˣ⺣ӭһλǿߵϢȻεĺܺãûӹƷĻӡ
Сϣ㡣ƷаţΨһλصˣȻʱԲô󣬵Ʒȥ̽
Ϊ˱ƷϴһߣסڵϢűʧƹ֮С
ǿߣѾӵпռ
ʱһռ֮УһλӡΪǿߵĻʹΪһ֮ûرҪ飬ҲǷǳȥеһ㶼ǽЩܣÿУݵλǷǳߵġ
ͻȻ֮䣬׼Ǳ֮ʱһǿϢͻȻ䴳ռ䡣һܹ׼䴳ռˣʵضԶռ֮ϡ
Ȼһ
һ£һλӣһֵߣ
ûλ֮Ʒ硣
Ʒһռʱ򣬶ټĿǰλӵϣȻӱǾҵһ
һžΥϤף㣬֮ƷżƵĿݣųԽǿ¶ηİɫƺϴӢж˼ֳ죬ҲǸߴ࣬ϵǿ߰չ¶š
ƷˣȻһڸݣ˫֮Уȴż⣬˫ڲΥĵȴڵõ˻ر
ûԼĶӣ
ЩĪλδ֪ռǿ߾ȻоκεɱƺоһϤ׽Ϣ
µĻЩ裬ֳһָƷʵ˭ѵ㲻֪ǷǳòΪҲһǵˡ
ǾΥϤƷ籶οеһֱûתƿ
һ㶣ǰλǿĪ֣޹ʴԼռ䣬仰ֲԣںҲмŭҪ²˵İɣǿɾݹҶ㲻ˡ
СƷ翪ˣֻЩɳƲ
һ㶣һ׵ݺݵĺڣȫĴһм壬̲סԲһ¡
ॡһ
еĳ䣬ʵ̫ϤˣҲ̫ůˣĪ֮䣬ǲŵ˸˼⡣
ʧȥ˾Υһ㣬˺ڣԣãŲʵףǸ𣿡
Ʒͷȥϵߣ¶Ϥݣֻ϶Щˮ
ףһͻȻʰ˾Υĸһ㣬ֱ˹ȥֱԼĸ˸ܱúܽܽ
ʵƷôɳҲֻһҪ۰ĺӡ
С㣬һΪƷԵޱȵļ
ҲǣΪҲˣ֪Ѿ˿һˡ˵
һꣿƷɫһɿӣǾʵС˵ʲôҿһꣿ
ǵģһˣ֪õ֮оҲҲǵϢˡص
⡭ⲻܡƷţôܻһأ
ѵüԼĸףлϲҲԵúɻʵףһǵģΪиûйǵϢ
ҺǶħ硣Ʒ̾
ħ磿ôܣħȫƽеλ棬ôܹ磿֮ɫ
ǵģȷʵħ磬ǴͨдԽġƷ΢΢ͷͨЩ飬˹̾û뵽һͨдԽ˽һʱ䡣
ףҲǺףʲôͨʲôԽ˽һʱ䣿ɻѡ
ԺԻ˵֪ЩҪ㡣Ʒ̾һȻѾȷˣƷҲ֪ԼͨĸдԽ˽һʱ䣬ôԼŮˮĵҲˣʣˮĵ鵽ô£
ñǱɵȺˣݺݵ˵֮ʱֻҹһˣʱǶֿˡ˹õϢû뵽ʹУĿսأҸ޷ʹУԭʵǿܹȥãû뵽ǣǱɵĶ˼õ츳ĪеôУ֪ڵʵԶԶ޷ȳãΨŬޣϣһܹ
ߣŮӻʬΣƷߵŭѣڷ֮ʱˮı㱻͵磬û뵽ȻУԭƷڷңеĳУ˵ƷŮƷʹ֡
ףҺγҪɱˣΨҵʵԶвҡͷȻƷʵԼҪǿҲûдﵽ
а취ҰɡƷ˫ȭ
ͷʣˣĸǷҲħ磿ǶѾ𣿡
ֻҴ磬ĸǲħ硣ƷҡҡͷгʹȻ֪ԼŮϢȻûκεϢҲ֪ǵľΣ
ħ硭Ȼ˵ЩҲĴȥĸ׺ͰǵϢκӣֻսطΧȻĸǲĻӦû֮ء
һҵǵģֽΪҪľҪȳˮģˮɵΣʵ̫ˡƷ˵
£Ҫѣͨģһб䶯Ļػ޺޵˵
ôѣҲˮܵκε˺Ʒ
ףͬҪȥĻͬаɣ
˶෴ð£ҵоŲİվȳˮģƷص
Ǹ׿ҪСġ˵ͷСͷǳԼĸףҲǳԼ׵бԳһᣬݹƷ˵ףǹʹеϸϣϣ
ƷƺЩʲôʵˣʱҲˣά˿ˣ
ά˿ǷеĽ̻ʣƷŲٵľƷеһλʦĦ˹֮ŮȻ磬ƷҲҪҵά˿оΪԼȥĵʦ
ά˿еӡ󡭡Ѱ˼˻ͻȻˣ֪ˣά˿ʹпΪȵĻ⡣
ô˵Ʒʡ
ά˿츳Ҳǲģ˵ҲǴӷ½ģʱѾΪ۷弶ǿߣʹӵкܸߵĵλά˿սʹյ̴ӣǰ˵ά˿ȻҪȥ峤ҲǲҪ˰ɡ˵
Ʒһ㶣Сûйսʹϸϣ
һЩֳһݾᡣ
ƷӹǾᣬص˵Сˮĵͽˣʵڲ֣Ҿȳˮģǰȥ֮Ѱĸǡ
Ҳǻ˿ˣЩһзִġ˵ͷǵ˵ףһҪСģʹ岻ôöԸġ
һСĵģֻǲŸռֵ뿪ˣҺܿͻġƷЦܹмԼĺӣƷҲǺ֪ˡ
Ʒ뿪˺ǣǰսʹء


1463 ά˿
սʹ壬ʹ˴֮ףӴӵеͽڶࡣ
սʹļգǿߣʵ߽ס
սʹڵĳǳأսǣΪ׼ӣҲսʹ֮ˣдְ֮λʵﵽнס
գս֮УһƬڡ
ټս㳡֮УӵȺڳţߺţһʹףȴ¶˱òǵĳªԡ
ԭڹ㳡֮վһаߣΧһλƺԵ÷ǳŮһЩѶ
ԼŮӳþȻʹǾòԲʹй֮ϧǣλŮӵȫ˳ޣڹ㳡룬˵ĳ֡
ʱڹ㳡Եϯ̨֮Уϵһ׷֮ˣϴżŭɫڹ㳡еλŮӡ
ϯ̨λһλɫӣ֮вʧӢݣŰ˶԰ɫħ֮УͳѪʵ
ɫϯ̨λϵˣսʹ峤ա
֮սʹĴϣ׼ӵʵΪǿᣬнǿߡ
ʱֽкȺ֮УһӰϢǱУ㳡ϵλŮ֮ʱӲ¡
û˱Ʒˡ
ƷʵѾȫĻָˣ֪˹ά˿Ϣ֮Ʒ̸ϵֻʱδƷս˼죬ڵȵ˽ա
ȻƷɵǱʹ塣ʹҲǽʹֻеõʹϿɵ˲ſɽתػΪʹʹĸ֮УҲʹ壬ͬҲǵλϲġ
ʱΧλŮӵһаƺѾһЩʽתϯ̨Ϲһ񣬱㻺ȥ
˿Щһֱ㲻ΪҪ޴Ҫ±ڲսά˿ʵ֮УʧҲзŭȻΪεŮ̻ᱳԼ
λŮӣҲڷƷϤĽ̻ʣά˿
ڣά˿ԵüΪǱȺ֮еƷҲЩ﷢ᣬҲмϧǰڷи߸ϵĽ̻ʣû뵽֮УȻΪ˵ȡЦͽ
ά˿ͻȻЦѪ˿˫ŭսеΪɱ
ޣȫû뵽ά˿Ȼҵơ
Ƿˣ࣡ȻʹڱԴʹ죡ճվӣֳһ׹󽣡
ɱ
ͽɱ
ɱ

ϵձøΪļңһªƺĽкš
ϣ㲻ڣճ
ҾڣһţһҪ޲ɱ㣡ά˿ޱʹްĽеȻ㻺ı˫ۡ
ոеŭеĴ󽣺ݺݵı˺
ݣ
һǿâͬƿռһ㣬ΧľĸоâеĿֻ֮ҪǱâУά˿Ǳɡ
ϵĽкȣҲ˲ﵽߵ㡣
ά˿˫ۣҲǸоһ˺һаֱƶ
Ȼâ⼴Ϯά˿ϵʱ
Ȼ֮䣬ǵеâƺܵһǿһ㣬ǿܱը˿ԭЩڽŵȺǽâϮȻһױ˿־֮ɫ
䣡
һ죬㳡ҵһ𣬽㣬ݺݵϮȺ֮С

һҽУ֮ˣâвȻޱȵĲңϢղһֱ̼һجΡ
յ𾪲ѣȻղһ⵽һɿµֹһһЩƻɾǵô˵ݺݵһ⣬ŭѡ
Ϊλֹ˻㳡֮С
չȥϾȻһˣΪŵǣά˿˶ʧˡ
㵣ȫ㵣Ͳ֪׷ʲô飬벻սл˭ܹĿǵķΧ֮ڳֹյĹӰٵĽά˿ˡ
ɵסˣ˶ɵסˣһʵ̫ˣǿߣҪȻûϾյʵԴﵽ߽ףͬȶҲԲɵ赲סյһֵݶȫ֪
ˣŭһչǿ˲ϯսǡ
ѱ磬ҲǾ޷ҵλصǿˡ
ʱ֮С
ά˿ʶµĻڹţ˫ۣɸղоǹϮھȻһ㷴ӦûС
ѵҡ𣿡ά˿㵲ѣ㲻ɻ˫ۡ
ɸ˫۵ʱά˿һƺЩϤĳǰһϤߴıӰڱά˿
롭ңҡ˻ǻţά˿ʵͻȻתĳά˿ʵ޷š
̻ʡƷ
̻ʣά˿ͲƺѾ̫ûˣȻܵͳȴά˿оһǿҵϤС
Ǻǣϵ𣿡Ʒ绺תά˿ЦЦ
ά˿ԭǳɻӣڼƷӢϤ֮УͫͻȻһ㣬ֱǲǰġ
һ£ά˿ˮһӿƺװί˼ɵĳ˵ƷĻУĴʰȭôƷؿڣеСӣҾ֪Сһҵģ
ǰеά˿֮ǰ˴ŮȣȫرǰԼά˿֮ǰһЩ˵ľƷҲǶά˿Σ㲻ıסά˿ϧ˵ްɣúõĿްɣһжѾûˣҲû˿˺ˡ
ά˿ݺݵ§Ʒ磬ƺҪܵĿ඼Ҫйһ㣬ʹãŻ뿪ƷĻֻɫ÷ǳĺΡ
ţά˿ɫƷʵСӣղң
ǺǣȻȻΪ˭ƷЦ
лл㡣ά˿ɫԵøΪɬ
ɶƷά˿һ£ҲΪڷеʱƷά˿ΪУƷά˿ǰŻЩŤһúܲ
ƶ죡ά˿еɫӵĺȴޱȵϲܹƷһ㡣
ˣѾ˵һЩ顣ƷɫЩ𱸰˵Ҳ湻޴ģһʵܶԸ𣿡
֪ʵǵȲˣһʱҵʵһôҪôȥĻԶ޷ɱˣά˿ʹ޵˵
ΪζôĳޣƷ粻ʡ
ΪɱҸ׵֣ά˿ݺݵ˵
գƷһ㶣ԼʦĦ˹ĳУƷҲǾҪġ
ûһҸ׾Ǳһɱģ֮ΪỤ̊Ϊһܹ𣬿ϧҵʵǲ̫Զˡά˿˵
㸸ҵĵʦҲģضҪΪʦģһúøһƷ
СƷ磬֪ڵĵ̣ҵġά˿֮ɫ
ǺǣΣֻҪ϶Ҫɱˣ;߲ˣ˵ûȥɣһģƷЦ
ά˿ͷ˸⣬ڼƷʱά˿оѾһ


1464 䶯
սʹ壬֮С
λˣɫΪѿôĳ󣬱ضܿᴫ磬ȷʵǶ湻ġ
峤⵽Ǻ˻ô׼üͷ˵
ǿ֮⣬˭˵
ˣǳǿߵĽά˿λǿкιϵôأʵ˵ͨϳ˵
ҵĵĵ㣬ά˿Ҳ֪ΪͬʹޣǱǿ߳Ļսʹкܴ鷳ص˵
峤˵˻᲻λˣ׼Ӳɵ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬Ҳ̫˵ͨˣҪά˿ҪԸҵĻαҪԼ֣һõô鷳ҵŮ𣿡ɻ󲻽˵
峤ǻǽɣбҪȥˡ׼˵
˵ţͻȻһλڴ⾴ηĽе峤ˣά˿Ѿˣ
ˣյ㵣ɫأά˿ĻȻˣпѾǿ߳ˡ
ձɡ
Ȼձÿˡ
ǡӦȥ
յ뵽֮ǰҪɱȥά˿ڿֱð亹з飬ҪλصǿߣΧҲýˡ
յ˵İԿֻ֮Уά˿ʢ˵ֱŶ룬ȫûսʹ
Ȼά˿ҲƷ˵ȥġƷڵ˵ֹյĹƾʧά˿ǾԻ뵽ά˿ǿά˿δҡڵĻûҪǺɫˣά˿˲ٵĶ
һ㶣û뵽ά˿Ȼʢ裬Ϊŭ뵽ά˿λǿߣû֮ʱҲֻˡ
ȻձϾΪݣϻǾеģ֮ɫά˿ʵ˿㲢κεĳԹΪҪڲ
ΪҸ׵¡ά˿һҲֱ׵˵ˣɫ
㸸ףɻ󲻽⡣
Ǻǣ˰ɣںܾǰλΰĦ˹ҵĸסʼҸ׵츳ȺҵĸףҵĸҲά˿Ц
Ħ˹Ѱ˼˻뵽ʲôȻ֪㸸ʲôһħߵݣͲˣ˱øɱ
죡ά˿е
ŭѣǿ߾Ȼһ
Ĺ򣬷а֮ˣԲܻ˵
𣿡һĮڴлһɿµϯ֮УƷﵽھĻǿȣԱǿߵ
յɫ䣬δ֪ǿߵʵѾûлˣվֵĳ⡭λˣսʹɲ޳Թ
˭˵ģƷȻ֣˲ӵյǰ͵ڳһƣ͸һ͸ɫ׻㡣
ʼɫǻµĻ״̬Ȼֻǳڣɱ֮ߣƷʵֱ׾١
ȻʹǿߵвҲԴСǿĹٶ̵ֱ֣նƷ硣
Ʒɫмιһƾʧ
ռ˲ƣվֵ
һˣҲǿߡƷǳſºʼƣİյıϡ
ղҽһȻӿһɿֲĻϮͬǧаʹ࣬ںʼĿֲ֮£ǿߣҲ̼仯ΪһƬУһƷϡ
׼λ־壬ҲƷ粢ǿߡ
ݣ
׼λ϶ټɱƷ磬׼ӵн׵ʵ֮⣬λҲֻ߽׵ʵѣ͹в
ƷһЦâʢһĻƽɫâƷϷʵ̫ˣ׼Ӿģ俴ЩɫӰһ˵Ӱ
飡飡
׼λϣ֪ЩɫӰô£˲䱻˺ѳĩƷֱȥһ׼ǵ
͵ϮƷĿռϺʼĿƷǡãĽɱ׼λϣƷɵʹ÷ս壬Ҳ˲ɱ
ά˿𾪣ȻоƷڵʵǿҲû뵽ǿô̬λǿߣϢ䱻Ʒɱˡ
Ǻǣ𣿡Ʒھδά˿ǰЦ⡣
⡣ά˿ɵ㶵˵صѪȻǾƷά˿Ʒ羪˵ڷеʱ֪ǸµĹû뵽ʵӱ̬ˡ
ǲʱûΪУƷ٩
ά˿ƳƷ磬ĿõԼɱ˲ɱҲԸˣ˸ͷ˵ףȻɱ˶˲صĴۣϣܹõϢ
ģһһΪе˵ġƷЦݻĴŶά˿ЦʣǺǣ벻Ū̼ģ
ά˿һ㶡
ʱƷѾǿµĺʼааЦǺǣڳе˵һնݳ
֮䣬ƷеǺʼȼն
ά˿һƷ˵һﻹǺһ湻ݵģϲ
Ļ֮£Ʒά˿ʧС
ҵǣԭʢսʹ壬ʱΪ֮У׷׵ҽвڷ
ӴԺսʹҲг

֮սʹ屻λǿ߲֮£Ǳը԰ĺ䶯磬ž£ʵ𾪣Ȼ˸ʹΧ
Ȼܹ˵ǿߣҲֻгԽ֮ϵǿˣϵıս˹ս˹뽣Ҳܶսʹڴ֣벻׵ǣ¾ȻΪԭߵŮά˿޷˽ˡ

Ϊʹͳ֮أΪڵĵط
ſֲϢĻԻ֮УһλŮӱѩɫĳ磬տɫ˫Żׯİɫɢһ϶ɴϢò֮չ¶˪֮
ûλƼΪŮӣͳʹ
Ȼսʹһ£Ѿ֪ˣ֮ʱȻŭµĵһʱ仳ɱս뽣
ڴ֮£еλĹţֻƣλ϶ܵüΪ亹ƨҷһ
һϳصԺ
ǰһ
սʹϷȶ֪Ļ߲֮ˡδ֪ԴٶȻԺ֮С
ǰ⵽Ǻˣʡ
ϷҲҲ֪ǲ֮ǱһɿµħħΪڲ֮ħع硣λصǿߣܻܿħˡħһƶˣһֱĸ󻼣֣Բ뽣ǲͻȻɾҪħĹˡϵصĴ
лǰѣġȻħֵĻȷʵ뽣ǲͻȴֺħ˻ˣҲðһ
֮أϷҲʱ׼أ˱ضĴ󺦣صҪȳȥǲϵɱ֮㵭ȥ
壬ɫޱȵߣħ𣡡


1465 
Ϊսʹ飬һƬ䶯ǿߣҲŴ˾û뵽Ȼ˸ʹΧ˿ս
Ȼ˭Ҳ뵽սʹٸߣѾص˺֮С
𸮣ʱռ䡣
Ȼ˹սʹ飬֮ʱԼĸ׳˳ݣڻСʱͳܹװǿ
μά˿Ȼڷ½еʱϵãҲµά˿ݣֻ벻ƷŭʹȥһλỤ̊ʵףλά˿С˰ɣ
ףά˿ȻɫԵЩȻȴͷ˵СӣСɲҽеġ
ЩŭϾҲݣȻһŮ뵽ά˿Լ׺Ҫˣǿŭû˵ʲô
ƷЦǺǣС˵ûɵýأɲΪݶ˱֡
£㹧˿̡
⻹࣬Сӵĺӻġά˿ЦǺǵ˵
Ƕά˿ܲģƾά˿ĿףսʹֳôĶ˱ضиķҪõĻ鷳󡣡
һѵĻᡣƷҡҡͷЦǺǣʹҪ˵ɶĻӦҲսͽϡʹҲԲ뵽ҾȻٴνʹΧǰĻȽ˳
Ǹ׸߼Ȼ
ά˿ˣʵƷ磬㲻ҪȥɣĺΧһȥǻкܴΣա
ҵȻֻҪŮ֮УδӲܣôΣգҲҪŮƷɫᶨ˵
ϧֻΪ׸ά˿̾
ǺǣҲûҪǰæƷЦЦֳ̺ǿ˵ʵԺе׳洦
񣡡ά˿˫һԵúܼԴϰƷ֮ά˿˵ҲǷǳĿֻ֮һֱûᡣ
Ǿҳɹȳˮ֮Ǳ뿪Ʒ˵
ҲǣǸ״˴ȥˮĵĻҵݶȻҲ¶ҲãԺҾͿԸŸˡ˵
¾ô˵ˣڴ˱չأұǰƷ˵

һ죬ƷǱʱռ
ά˿Ͼ񣬽ԺܴԾӵһʱ䣬Ҳôܹõȶͻơ
ƷҲʱռչؾޣһصؽһԪڴ洢ռ֮СϾƷԵǿߣƷҪг׼
ʱռһչأƷΪȻûͻƣʵȴǾ˲٣ʱ伱ȣƷ缴ձǰ
Ʒ룬սʹֳôľҲû뵽ƷλֱǱĺΧ
뺣ǧԶ
ƷΪ˽𸮣ǰڲУֵʱ̽ٶȻҪ࣬˽ʱͷƷ
ʥɽ
ʥɽҲʹʥأռݽķΧ
Ϣǳ֮㣬ڴĻ°빦ЧΪ֮֮ҲǺֲܿġ
ȻƷɲȤ𸮣ȫԱܹеطߣֱƵʥɽһԵ֮ء
Ϊµ֮ء
󣬾˵Ϲǿ߱룬ҲǾ޷ѡȻȴǿԲϵɱߵߵȫľ֮ʱض
֮УҲֻҪգû취ֻά
ҲܱɣڱյάƷӦûеô򵥡
һ£ƷƷĻ磬ټƷ֮ƷɵתϼȦûС
ȻǰһƬããĿռ䣬Ұȫ֮壬ȴһɼΪµĹ֮ǹһ㣬ܹе
󣡡Ʒ簵ĬţϾĺΧȻ˿أҲֽ
Ʒɺ˽⣬ΪصأƷҲûܹеõϢ
ţƷ翪ʼСĶչ̽顣
ò˵ĲȷʵǺƷҲκεı׶ˣƷҲУΪױ

ͻȻ֮䣬֮УһƬƬҽ֮ʵң÷ë߻٣ұҲôģȥܼʹ
ȻƷûϤƷԵúܷŭҲܵԼŮֽľ
뵽ƷԽʹݺݵҾԻ㸶صĴۣˮܹȻ
ȻʹŭƷҲ侲ʼѰ˼żƻ
ǹͨǱܲ˵ģƷҪĵƺʱ䡣Ϊ˶ģ˭ԴȥƷٶȳȳˮģƷҲϸĶˣԼϾؽԴ
УҲԲ뵽Ʒٴλصʹ壬ĺΧ֮ǰƷܹȡһʱ䡣
뵽ڴˣƷ㰵׼еֻҪ֮УҵԼŮƷ̴ȥ
һעǳΣյĶעƷѾ޷ԼŮȥʹˣδƷ粻ΣһҲҪðմһΣ¿ܻʧܡ
ţƷɫһݣǾܵסڵϢ
ಣ
Ʒ㼱ٵǰããĿռм˹ȥ
ٶȼ죬Ʒ˲֮С
ʱƷɫ䣬ĴҰȫµİâˣҲʩչˡԼǣ֮ʮӰʹʹţвЩǿߡ
Ʒ缱ȲѣĴɴܣֽѰеӰ
ڣƷ羪ϲķ֣һâռ֮УƷﷺһ΢⣬ɢһˮϵϢ
͵ģƷѭԴӹȥ
ڽӽĹԴ֮ʱƷ˫۱ʪˡ
ûԼ۰Ůˮģǰâռ޷˫ۣϷŵ⣬ƺڳżʹ
ƷѾ˲ˣֱԿħռĳȥ
ۼţƷҪƽˮĵ֮ʱ
һŮװĻ𣺡򣡡


1466 Կ
Ʒɫ䣬ԼŮǰƷķ
ȻƷʩչռ˲֮
ɾƷпռ˲֮ʱ򣬾㵵ķ֣ռдһµĲռƺʧȥƽһ㡣
飡һ
Ʒ类˻Щˡ
ռ֮Ʒɫ
Ȼ˽⣬ӵеƿؿռڱǰʹÿռ˲֮δԵ̫Сˡ֡
Ʒɫһ
Ȼɫע⵽Ʒʱ˱㾪סˣ˵ߣħȻħˣ
ǸˣƷݺݵ⵽ǿĿռƣԶ
ˣһһǿܱƷѹ˹ȥ
Ʒǿǿ֮ܳ£Ҳ𣬺пһѪ˳ˡ
ģȻˣ𸮶òˣƷ簵ڵľؽѾԱֻƷܲߵǣˮĵľԽԽԶˡ
ڣƷ缴ѡһƴȫѣƴȫˮģڶּʵ֣֮£ƷѶкܴ⣬˵ȥˮġ
ƺΪƷѾжƷвٵɻʵߣ㵽Ǻˣ
ҲҪش𣡡Ʒ
Ǳ㣬վʹһǲģʡ
ûƷֱӻص
ߣǺôĵӡŭݺݵ˵СӣȻӵпħս֮ʵҲܹԽκǿߣ̫СҲãȻ֪㵽кĿģ͵ýˣ
˵գбԳһѾ޴ʹȣһɿֲĹǿĿռ֮ĽƷ
ɱң㻹Ʒŭһڱһǿ˲㻽սܡ
ԵúܾȣȴҲмݵЦǺǣʵܹôյЧʮ
䣡
һֲĹƷͬ˰Ĺ
Ʒһŭĳƿ˿ռطս˲֣ԻΪۺ壬ؽ壬Ʒ籾֮ںϡ
ʲô֮ɫƷδﵽʵƷĿֲвԼ
ƷޱȣռѾƷʧȥƣâʢţŭһƣ
ƷʵʹƣĿֲԳԽԪķ롣
䣡
һ춯ذľ죬Ʒŭ𽣣׺ӭǿնϮ˹ȥ
ȫųĿֲ˴˳⣬޲ӿռŤѣһزľɨĴ
˵𶯣ֲϢ˲侪磬ΨĲβܴﵽ
磬һƬ֮ɫʵ߸ܲסɿֲƳеĺЩǳأѶ֮УһƬҡ
¡¡
Ʒƴ֮⣬һ֧ܣ֮ս˫ط֮£˴󲿷ֵĳȻһƷҪش
̫ǿˣ
ǰħʱûǿȻƷȫܹ֮ﵽϾƷ羳绹δдﵽĲΣƷŻ˵͹ʵ
ȻҲ𾪲ѣû뵽Ʒ粻񼶵ʵȻܹͷų˿µȻܹԼĹ⡣
Ҳоܵ˳裬ͷųĹͽȻݺݵıѹƷ硣
䣡䣡
һǿĹƷ缴ʹսܵ˫طʹǿҲǳܵüΪĳȫǿҪ˺Ѱʹࡣ
Ʒ粢˾壬ԭҪƴȥȳˮĵģһĹʵ̫ǿˣƷҲֵĸӦżɱҪӵǿϢ
֮£Ʒֻƴˡ
֮䣬Ʒ֮Уһɿµĺʼϯͬھˣбŷݺݵĳǹ

ɫû뵽ƷھȻӿһ˿µĻ𹥻չǿܣ֮Ʒĺʼ𿹺⡣
ʼ𣬿Ĵﵽ֮ܲΣ֮࿹ؼ䱩ռ޾ӿϮ
̫ˣ
εĳǿߣȻǸоһǿҵĶ˿ֲϢضΪͲ˾ˡ
ƷȻʣʵ̫ǿʼɵһЩвô˻ᣬٵĴ֮з룬֮Уʧ
ģϢƽϢȻһƬη׷׿ɫɣ᲻ս뽣λǿڶս
Ʒѣʹ˸ģʢŭ֮£չѰǧȴǺӰƷôƾհʧˡ
ܣŭ˵ֱһֱ裬Ȼһλ֮Լѡ
Ѿ뿪ˣϵ֮УֳĵϵİɫӰ϶żŭϢɢ
λߣǴ˵ʹԶĴ׶ơҲʹǿ׶塣
ǰɫϷŭ˵λǰ²⣬Ȼħ˻硣
ⲻһ׶ȻħҪ磬ôͨͨȻͨѾһЩ䣬Ҳǿ׵Ĵ硣Ҵ˵ʵ޴ﵽϷ󵨲²⣬˺ܿǱѾá
ȷԣʹ֮Уֹһλӵпħս֮ˣҲӵпħս˵Σ󣬾ҪҳˣɱԾ󻼡Ƴ
˽ƻ죬ȻǵΧѣҪˣ²ס˵
λǰ֪˵Ŀģáɫ֮еˮģݵ˵Ůӻҳкܴ洦
˼ҵȶȻŮżǿ츳˵Ǵ洦׶ɫ˵绹ħвʱǧ֮ãħʵֽ֪ΣǶԿħıϣԲɳ
λǰģһԻзִ硣Ǳȣڿħս֮ԺԿħмĻضݺݵ˵


1467 
սʹһ٣ʱľٴκ䶯硣
֮УʼӿҲǷ׷׸еֻţеλսĻض֮һ
Ҳ֪¹ϵ磬ɵӰҲǲãһ˵Ϣµٸһλħˡ
Ϣ֮ǰ࣬˶ħ֮ҲǼΪʹޣ綼Ѱλħˡ
ʱƷѶ֮Уָơ
Ʒʹ޲ʣȻûܽԼŮȳƷµĴû뵽ʵ֮ǿƷ綯еŷѣǰǵ͹Щʵ
û뵽ǣ֮ʱƷ羹Ȼ˼ǿϢʵ֮ϡʹܹǧ֮ãܹħܣʹʵԶġ
ǣƷѡһεĻƷҲԻܲȥԼŮ
ƷҲԼĿѾ֪ǴˣΨ֮£Ŭʵ
ƷĻ꾳ѾﵽڣֻҪ㹻һͻƵһ硣ȻƷѾӵʵǿķ壬ƷûԪ֮һ޴ĹؿʧܵĻòʧ
˺죬Ʒбչ˽һʱ䡣ҲΪƷĻ꾳ͻƵ꾳ƷʵҪࡣ
뵽Ȼֽȥ⣬ҲĴ˾裬ά˿ڱչ֮УƷ𸮣֮صΧ
ȻڿǵټƷҲԲ֮ǿпܴڵĵطƷҲܹҵԼǡ
֮أΪӵĵط
֮صͳߣǽ
֮£ǰ˴
֮ˮ֮񡢴񡢷֮ѩ֮񡢻֮֮뾫֮λƿ֮صİƬ
Է½нĻеĴ͵࣬ҸѪԣкܴĿܻᱻ͵еĸء
ڣƷħеˣƷѾҵԼŮά˿ô˿ܻڵĵطֻ֮ˡǳ˵ĻƷҪȷȥĵط塣
ƷڷеĽֵڱӵŴѪǱ͵ĻȻǻ塣
û취֮˸ӵĵطƷֻȷϵһطܹҵĻҵǵĻԱȽһЩ
ǱĻƷû⣬ڷ֮ʱںϹһ飬ƷڿתΪϢ˱ԭ֮Ħ£¼ϢĦڿսʹ֣֮λ½֮ƺЩ⡣
ΣƷҲǰһˡ
һ£ƷֳӰ±һ޴ɽ
֮أûƶԣ֮вκγǳصĴڣƬеǿߣռɽΪŻܻңдԵ֮⣬ЩǲЩģ
֮УҲĽأЩس˸ʥ⣬вټյĽأЩǾԲԴġ
εǣƷõ֮صϢǳ֮٣ΪԵ壬Ҫ˴Χ֮ҵĵҲȷʵƷͷ۵ġ
ΪƷ粻ҶûȥѰ֮ȻܻңҲǿͳĹзôľǴƷΪħ˵ϢƷ̤֮Ҳ˿ȥԻѰ֮ˣƬǿƷ綯ûѰҲôס
ȻҲǾֻˡ
Ʒڵ⴦ɽ֮ɽɽӦڻ֮طΧСɽһɲСģƷԸоɽ֮ɴﵽ񼶲εϢ
ȴ￪ʼɡƷ簵ҡͷȻ鷳ƷҲ޼ƿʩˣû뵽ʵؽ磬Ҫ˻ͦʹġ
ಣ
Ʒɽ֮С
ɽ˼壬Ϊڻ֮طΧڣΪ֮ߣ˱ӵл֮壬ȻӦϢ
֮УռɽΪҲһȻɽ֮УҲľ񣬶ɽеҲһƶԣɽĴҲפأҲΪ˷ֹ֡
ƷȻҪõϢϣǺܴ󣬵Ҳֻܵ͵¡ȲѵĻƷ绹ֱǿʸֻ֮ߡ
ʱƷ̤ɽ֮С
ǣƷŸսɽһʵ˹ֵܡ
ƷȻһܹԼ޲֮³֣ǵ֮
ѭתͷȥһïܵĴ֮У߳һλӡ
λӣ֮ƷȫͬƵİɫ̷¶Ǹ߸ߵĶͷüۣ۹òãĸߴ˶һɫ£ϹһѴ󽣣֮йɷǳصϢ
Ʒ統λӵϢܹŹ֣ȻƷֻоλֻ߽׵ʵƷǸоλرŹ֣λӾͻȻðһһ㣬ƷͲ֪λʲôʱֵġ
ѵҸղ̫Բûע⵽ˣƷ簵Ѱ˼ţҵ֮УƷúܾ衣
ӼƷɾԼưЦǺǣλֵɷģҶ㲢κεĶ⡣
Ʒ΢΢һ㶣ʣ˭𣿡
ѵ㲻𣿡ӷʵ
ҵȻǡƷ
ޡһЦ˵ãҽС磬ǣ
С磡Ʒ㵣⡰С硱ԼõαӾȻҲСС硱Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ôϵңСɻʵ
ʶƷҡҡͷΪĹŹ֣㵭ЦãҽƷ硣
ǺǣƷ磬ҽС磬ͦԵġСͷЦ
˭ԵƷ簵Ҳû˵λС˺ӣƷҲɼ˼־裬ȻСҲӵ۷ʵƷҲǿѯһЩ飬ЦʣǺǣˣΪΣ
ΪսС˵ɫׯȻһλߣһ׷ڽ֮ұĴѰսĶ֣ɽɽʵ˵ұ㵽ڴ˵ء
ߣƷ£ǰλӵһɷǷϢҲмֵͣƷȤıС˵ĴƷ˵ϵõԼȤϢ
Ʒֳ˼СЦǺǣʵҾʵҲģҽһ
еǻᣬʵҪѯһЩ飬ˣĻʺϡƷæ
ʲô飿Сɫɻ
ġƷЦЦ
ȻǡʱĴʮϢֱƶ
СɫһһϢɢ˳˵Ʒֵܣõȵ֮ˡ


1468 Ľ
ৣৣ
һӰɴܶʮˣԴɫΣʵǲѾ߱λϵʵΡ
ȻƷ˵λ񲻹Щѡ
˭һʵ
С磬λɽսСǺܿģϾҵ֮أǷǳпģʵģעҪǿ̤
ЩƺԸλɽʵɽĵϣԵúǲмͷ˺ĻصɽûȤ뿪ǻΪУɽ
Щ˵ĿСɫǾԴսߵ𣿡
ɱһɱɱСɢ˳
ƷλС˺棬ԹۣŽСӦԡ
ߣɽλɽĵ̣ǲλɽĻٴξ㣬뿪ͷɽλɽĵ̣ǷСǿߵݣҲûо¡
ƷҲܾ㵣֮صҲ̫ſˣҪħеĻߣǾԲǿƵġ
Ǻǣ𣿡СһЦ˫һͻȻ
ɫ䣬ųӭ
ݣ
Ľ⣬ͬһ㣬ʵ̫ˡ

űһĲҽУЩ˻֪׷ʲô飬֮Ȼһ̵Ѫۣһ֮£˲ɱʮλ񼶸֡
ת֮䣬ǷӻСУޱȵɱȻ
ǿĽƷ簵Ϊ̾ǿ߶ԸλЩȷʵǺףƷСչ¶ĽȴǴΪ𾪣ȽѾȵ֮
ɽֳһЩɽϵλɽƺѾСԿ⽫Ϣš
ߺˣɽһڴֵϿֳ֮˽ˡ
Ϊλǳֿ׳ʵһ֪ʵǿĻߣһﵽ񼶵ʵ
ûΪ˱ɽλˣ׶ħս֮Žλʵﵽλϼ֡
֮УȷʵǸơ
£Сǰ֮Ȼʮʬ壬׶ԵüΪķŭȻҲǽƷҲϳˡ
ƷҪСѯһЩ飬ʱĻƷȻԹˣѹסڵʵСվһ
С£ȴֺĶƷ˵޹أ¡
ǺǣǻΪ޹𣿡ƷЦ
ҪСġСЩεĻص
׶ǼƷƺûнǷԵøΪŭ׶ŭʵ˭ĸɽͷɽ
оǺͷͷƷ簵ĸоЦ
ҲʲôɽǰսλɽˡСսⰻȻ˵
սµİɣ׶
磬һϻɱô֣ɱһ˵սŭ
ɱ׶һ
ݣݣ
׶˼£ֳǿҵĻ⣬ֱƷǡ
Сսǣֱһս׶ħƷӭսЩ񼶸ΧսȦĴѰƷСЩš

սŭһϬĳһն£ĽâЯصȻˣƷֱն¡
Ʒɫм˲ֳ𽣣ȥ
䣡
һǿҵ죬еĻǶһ㣬ɢ俪
սĽǿᣬƷ𽣰ʮ㣬սһоն޼᲻ݵĸְһ㣬һɿµİ塣
ƷɫսһݺݵĽս˻ȥ
սˣ㵲ѣŭʢһٴλӽɱܱߵЩ񼶸ҲЭսһâƷ硣
ƷӣһĽâţԵ֮࣬սš
ȻҪսĻƷֻҪĶָͷͿˣΪ˲СɣƷСʵҲǳź棬һս°ζһСǱȥ
СʵҲ湻ǿģ񼶾֮У֮ƥУΪƷ羪̾ģǱС뽣
ݣݣ
׶ħֳܴʮλ񼶸ֶСɵš
Сλǿߣ޾ɫ˫۾ǽһ㣬ޱȵɢ˵⣬ιȵɵıƿ׶ǵֹ
һ̣СƵ׶ɭĳһʼĶȴһ˲׶ıء
׶ɫ䣬Ǳܼȥ
ݣ
һ˺ѰѪ׶ʹһ䱳֮СĻƿһ֮ǵѪڣʹǰȥ
磡ħŭһֳ⣬ŭС硣
СĶڳеħ
ۼţħҪСǰСкһеĳǹּ˳ȥ֮УһΪΪģ˲ûʮâ
ħֵĵɴ˫ۣʱ̹ȹĽ֮£ὣһĽâкն˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬⻪ʢţŭ֮ɫħֱ
ϧħδԶһĪͻȻ֡
ͣ
ɭĳ֪ʱħı֣ݺݵĹش͸

ħҽһ׹ڵء
ÿ£Ʒ羪㵲ѣСĽΪ֮̾УȾտĽǷǳʼˡ
Ʒŭеսɱ˹
ݣ
ݾĳƷ硣
Ʒɫһ䣬СѾ콫׶ǽˣԼҲȻˣ͵ıǿ˹ƣһӱռơ
ʱ׶ħɱŭĳ嵽Сǰ
Ҷ׶ŭһѪסС磬ǿһâնС硣
㻹̫ˣСһκʧ
׶Ȼ
һ̣СȴϢ׶࣬һΪĺնȥ
ݣ
ĳŷɽѪҺе׶Сһضϣ°֮䣬¡
֮أпᣬΪս
磡սһ
ȹ˺ԼɣƷСѽ׶ħɱƷҲ
͵ģƷһǿнս𿪣ͬԽռһ㣬˲սǰսһ˫־岻ʵע֮£Ʒɭĳһ͸սؿڡ
̶Ƭ̣ɽеλɽɱ
ƷСЩ񼶸ھзӦ׷أֻʵĹֵĿںҪƷǾΪɽɽ
С󽣣ĵɨЩĵ񼶸ûȤ̸ҹ
ǣǣ
Щͷȥ
ЩӴ֮СǱɫкܲгĶƷ¶һЦݣ˵ǺǣƷֵܣʵҪúýһˡ
Сֵ˵ЦˣƷʵʵǲ֮ԶƷЦжСΪ壬ཻ
Ʒֵ̫ǫˡСЦЦͻȻʣˣƷֵܣտкҪң
ǺǣģҪȥ壬֪ڣֵ˵ķӦû˽⣬Աѯ㡣ƷЦ
壿С΢΢ü˵֪ɽʹΪ߾֮Զŵģǧϵ·;
Ⲣ޹ϵҵѣұȥϣСֵܹΪָȥƷϲ
Ǻǣڶ࣬ҲǺܸȤͬаɡлĻҿҪСЦ
ãǿɾ鷳ˡƷ繰ֵû뵽֮ãȻܹʶȥ·֮ˡ
ƷС磬ǰλ÷ٶȥ


1469 ɽ
壬ӽıԵƵػ
ǧ·;Ʒʵ񼶵ٶȷУҲǵúһʱ䡣
ңԶ·;֮УƷҲСѯ֮ص顣
С籾˵ϲĴսڶǿߣ֮ص˽ҲΪķḻƷҲСĽ̸֮˽֮ص顣
ÿСҪѯʹƷ֮ʱƷЦԡ
ΪƷоС˺ܲ򵥣ȻʵϵĻƷ翴С⣬ɽպСƷôҲûôɡ
֮İ˵ĻƷ绹ǵñһԵģʹƷкСڻδȫ˽£Ʒ绹ǲС̻¶̫ࡣ
СҲƺƷһЩ裬ҲûƷôࡣ
ңԶ·;̸˵Ĺϵ˵˵̫ãҲͨѡ
̸֮Уһ·ǰУȻ;йЪϢһʱء
壬뷲ƣϲ۾ɽϿ֮У
ǰƷڵĵطһƬɽɽ
ɽڸ߿¹Ħһֻֻ̾ڴ֮Уɽģ֮㣬ռ˷ԲǧķΧ
ȻɽΧ֮ȻĴڡΧ֮ȴвٵǿڴ˾۾ӣҲһЩռأӻҲǲɽ롣
ݶɽȥأֹĸоԸоɽ֮Ǳǿ֮Ϣ
ƷǼϢǷǳϤˣҲЩ£»ҲҲĻƷɾĺãȻˡ
Ʒֵܣɽۼ֮أɽвٵĽҲǿһڷǱǲܽӴģԴ˴νĻ»кܴ鷳СȻ
ǺǣСֵܣ˴֮УƷмҲСգʹ˰ݱԵĻʱһսƷЦ
ƷֵܣʲôСЩã˵֮ǰұ˵ҲҸȤĵطиƣ˵Ҳһĥ㲻صңûĻҲܿ塣
Ʒ΢΢һ㶣ȻСЩ裬Ҳ֮ݱСô˵ƷֺǺǵЦǺðɣСֵͬУʵΪ¡
Ǻǣ̫ˡСЦЦ˵߰ɣȥ˵
Ʒ˵ͷСһͬڽӽɽвҲɽΧմЩ鷳
ڽӽɽвϢҲȽϹ죬أҰʣԿĴͦĴ
ѾΧˣҪСġСѵ󽣡
ƷͷǶɽµЩе£ԽоС֣Ҳ֪ǲǴоС¶ĽƺǱװ
ǣСҲε̫ˣƷ綼ҲֻƷĴ
ȻСλǿߵĻƷҲôױʶơҲֳ𽣣¶֮ɫǰС
ǰ֮УСͻȻƷе𽣣ЦǺǣƷֵܣʵҶ˵ˣѽ
ǺǣֻһͨˡƷ絭ȻһЦ
𣿡Сüͷ΢תͷû˵ʲôǰС
Ʒ簵ľС羹Ȼܹ𽣵һЩ˶оλСԽˣƷϣС粻ԼĵˣΪƷǺС
ţ˲ϵǰУеԽĹ죬һؽаֹǺķëо
ƺΪƷǵĴ룬ЩԴ߲˲ʼһǿŵĽƷǸΧס
СģСٶѵ
ɸ˵꣬б㾪һǿξƷǡ
ƷǵӽɨȥǣεľȻ޷ýȥݾ͸Ʒе֮У֮ǿǿǿһ
飡飡
ƷСԱˣƷֻװӶѣǲ֪СҲǲƷӣЩӶѡ
СɫأȻƷֵܣǴˣǵóȥ
ƷͷȻǿƷоһԻɰӲĻֻԽԽǿԱñƿЩӽгȥ
˵գƷСȻ٣ٵĳС
ЩƺоƷǵͼӿǲĹһ㣬һǿεľܳƷǡ
ƷСȣӦƿصľ
֮УƷСǱȥԽľСٶȺܿ죬һֵĸоٶӦòСļޡ
ƷأҲѹסص
ಣಣ
ͬһ㣬صţ˴˼ҲܸӦޱɢ
ڣһǳ
ȻһƬʣѾʧ
ǣ˾㵵ǣƷǾվµľͷ֮һƬ޾ԨֵﾹȻӦϢˣϮ⡣
ȻƷ粻Իȥ̽飬ԸоԨ֮£һεâ֡ЩâǷһ㣬˺һǿߣǱһµ󷨡
ʲôطƷʡ
֮У֮УҪȵĻҲףԨӦþˡС˵
棿ⲻǺΣգƷʡ
Ǻǣ֮Уҵ֮أҲᱻ˺ѶҾֻԶѡ䲢ˣҲЩ˽⣬ĸԣǳһЩеʶߣԨȻΣգֻһԻ˵ıѡղŵЩǶһϸǿߵĿɡСЦ˸Ĺâ
Ʒһ㶣Խ޷ЦǺǣСֵܣôо볣˷ͬһأ
룬˴˱˴ˡСһЦ
ƷȻС֮ԣƺҲǻлѵҲǿ͸Լ
ţСȤǺǣƷֵܣҲҵĲ²ѣ˭֪Ԩǲ紫԰ǰ£Ⱥú̽˵ɡ
ҾСֵ˵úеƷҡҡͷ͵ıԨ׹ȥǲǴԣƷûо¹
Ʒ׹Ԩ֮УκܿʧС΢΢һ㶣תЦǺǣʵ̣


1470 
ȻƷԨʱȻϿܿ£ǻѣֻǻлһЩǿϮֻҪﵽǿߵʵҲǲӰġ
˵ҲǽҪʵʸ
һ£Ʒ˫ء
ǰҰʣ֮һ޴ϿȵڣϿȼΪգʯᾣϿ֮Ȼǿƿµڸǡ
ƷվϿ֮ǰǰһצַİƣԸоһϵϢ
û֮ˣе֮Ҫʥׯ࣬ɢϢҲǿ˺üΡ
ǺǣǵĽˡһЦСƷǰ
СֵܵĻһóȻءƷЦ
ҵƷֵƺԼʵţҲ˵ĻҲһСЦЦ
Ʒ΢΢һ㶣֪λش֮ʱһ𣺡ʲôˣô壡
䣬Ͽ֮ǰƾֳλߴǿ׳ӣɫսףͷϳһǣĿȻ϶ɢһŨصϢ
ʵȻǿᣬλƺڵߣȻѾ߱н׼ʵ
ƺλӲƷǵʵ񣬶ܹ֮ȵˣ嶼ǱȽ͵ģڶԷ֮ǰҲᱣһЩġ
Ʒ磬ǰλѡƷ˵
ѣǲսʿʸˣеһλʵ
Ʒֵ˵ģҵǶʿĿȤġСЦ
ܹ֮ȵˣǵߣĿˡҪʵʸĿ飬ҲǷǳӭġ΢΢ͷֶƷʵҪλѣ
Ʒ˵Ҫģ壬˵ˣλ˹ѡ
֮Уԭ˹
˹ֵܡλԵúܾȡ
ôû𣿡ƷԵЩʧӡ
ûУֻǿ˹ֵһЩ鷳˵
鷳ƷɫһֻҪԼˣ鷳ƷҲԲ
ǵģƺΪһЩס壬Ϊ֮ҿ˹ֵܵĻ»Կ˹ֵ鷳˵
֮ˣλƷ粻ʡ
λŮӡӻص
λŮӣƷ簵ΪܻܿǿǣƷҪȥˡ
ǺǣƷѣڿ˹ֵܻ鷳ƽϢ֮ҲԽʿʸ顣Ц˹ҲǲѾվ˹Ͽ⡣
ˡƷЦЦڵ֮ҫһǿҵĽ⣬һɴѪϢɢ˳
Ϣλ㵡
СҲԵúܾȣɫŹֵĶƷ磬һ˼ӣһһϤĸо
λѣʸɣƷЦϵϢ
˷ӦһλæЦԿԣӵѪȻͬˡˣ˽ܣᰣػ֮ȵ
Ǻǣҽػ֮ȵһλɫЦ
ѲƷʵ֮УƷʵԶ֮ϣΪѪ֮ˣܹӵкܸߵĵλ
ƷܹʶλƷ繰ֵ
λ롣ᰰʾƷǵ̬Ѿ÷ǳˡ
ƷǱλӣ֮УȻʡ
ȵǣƷԭΪȻڷеһһƬɽΧǰһƬء
һƬ޴ɭ֣֦Ҷï峺ĺˮڵɭ֮䡣ˣҲ񷲽һϲסڶѨ֮У壬һķᣬֻûôݻȻĹʽ
ȻҲԵĵȼλֻ֣֮дﵽλϵʵſɻΪΣƷս֮ȵʱ򣬿Լľ̾š
ͬԴһ㣬һԵεĺгƷǱȽϲĵط
ɣƷ͵͵С磬оСƺƽһ㣬ɫвûйչ¶ɣоСƺ֮ȵһкϤ
Сƺע⵽Ʒѭӣ΢΢һ£Цһ֮ȣ벻ﻹͦرġ
ǰƷһЦȴСˣȻСѾ¶һЩƷҿ϶СϤ֮ȡ
ȻƷ粻֪СкĿģƷСӦòԼСҪԼĻƷԼʵܹӦġ
ʱתЦǺǣֻҪƬɭ֣ɽפˡ
ͷλΪ·ˡƷЦ
Ǻǣˡ᰻Ц
ţƷǱǴ֡
Ȼ䣬ɭ֮ڣһƬƬķᣬһׯһ㣬סλˣܹסˣǴﵽλϵʵʵǿ඼Ѿﵽλʵ
ĵλƺܸߣ֮ˣǷ׷׹ĳ񡣶Ʒ˵ʱЩԵúܾȡ
Ͼһ֮УһٽӴˣԵþҲǺģ㲻Ʒǵ϶˼֡
ƷһҪԼ磬ҲҪ֪˵λŮӻ᲻ǿǣƷԵúܼΧһҲȥ۲졣
֮ʱСͻȻʵƷֵܣǶҪѰɣ
һλҵĽֵܣλܻܿҵӡƷص
㻹ӣСԵúܾȡ
ûΪҪҵǡƷص
ҲƷ̸֮ȻתԵúصʵƷѣ㷽˵λŮӿܶӣ
ҵȻϣǣҲֻǲ²⡣Ʒص
ǺǣϣǰɡλЦЩɫ
Ʒһ㶣Īһŭѵ鷳
ֱá
ڣһЩΪһԺЩԺҲֻݵλߣſд˵סӡ
Ժ֮⣬פ
Щ֮ʱ㹧񣬾ǼƷλˣҲûʲôǿӵкܴȨ
Ǻǣ˹ֵǾסˡЦ
ƷԽӵļͿԼˡ
ţ˱Ժڻ롣


1471 
Ʒ绳Ž뼤飬һԺ䡣
ֱһŵĴԺͣ¡
ţᰱ˹ֵܣˡ
䣬Ŵ򿪣һӰֱߣЦ⣬ǱЦλῪЦǻλҡ
ѭȥƷϤЦݡ
ûԼ磬˹
ǺǣѿɷǱ֮ˡЦ
˹ƳȤƷ绺ǰһż⣬˵磬ҡ
˹Ȼһһһ˹Ժһ㡣
ѭѭȥ˹ĿƷϡ
һ̣˹Ŀ֮УһɾΥ壬һݿϲһݼȻҲǲţоһ㣬ڷǱʲôסһ㣬Ʒ纬˺ڣþò
Ʒ˹Ŀӣʡ
ã˹żĽһƷֵܣ
͵һ£˹嵽Ʒǰֱ˸ܱϲЦСӣǼˣĲţ
ǰһˡƷЦúܿɬ
ߣСӣЩǿɶȥˣҺҰ˹ߵȴǲЦݡ
磬˵һġƷε̾
Ʒֵܣҿܲ𰡣Ժֱӳɡ˹εЦϾڿе壬Ȼǲҽˡ
˹硣Ʒͷʣˣ˹磬ҵǣ
ƷһϤŮЩĿͻȻ˹˹磬ʲôˣ
˿Ʒһѡ
ѭȥλ༫Ϊǰľգǧ֮ɫ
ûƷλӣȡѩ˿밬˿
Ʒ˸ǼԼǣȻħ֮УƷֻǲŹ˰֮࣬ЩƷɶҪǣһֱڵſǻʲôΣգһУ˰á
ʱӭ֮ʱԭװ֮ɫǵĿƷϵʱĿ۵ƷϤĿ֮ʱˮJӿȪ
ȻŮһȫ
ǵģǲţȫš
һˣһˣղ˼ղߣжͬʱһˡˣչǵ
Ʒ磡
Ůͬʱ޽һӰƷĻУסƷӣ˼ίһ㣬޽
ǿޣΪʵ̫ˡ
˿Ǻݺݵ̧ȭƷؿڣѿ޻˵ľݣĳƷеһһ㵽ȥˣΪʲôڲҵǣˣ
Ʒ磬ǵȵúÿడǻΪ㡭ѩ˿
ȻûгԣȴװˮƷ磬ϲ֮䣬ĵȴĿߣԡ
һ̣ǶҸһ㣬ʵǲţ֮ãƷ羹ʱǵǰ
ƷʹΣҲ𣬿ǿеȴԼһ꣬һĵȴһķ룬ɵҪܶĿ࣬ί
ԲһǡƷʹ˵һƷоҸ
ܶãֻҪû¾ͺáչһЦЦýڲۻϸĽл䡣
ŨŨܰŨŨ飬˹ǲȥţǵȴǲЦݡ
С۹ʵƷǣЦˡ
˹Ȼ̴ţ뵽һЩ鷳Ʒֵܣֲ㣬ǻȽȥ˵ɡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷҲ֪˹Щ鷳
ǺǣҲͲˣиǣ£ǡЦ
ֵܣɵðǱܰ˹˵
ȻʲôϵᰴȤ
ţƷЦЦתȥ
СվҲͦΣͷЦǺǣƷֵܣҲˣҲȥȥǸʲôʿĿɡ
λǣ˹ʡ
λС磬һλѣûСĻҲ÷Щ˼ҵˡƷЦ
ǺǣСֵܣҼҼ˹˹ֵ
ҲһܹʶСЦƷļ򣬵٩Ʒֵܣ޸治ǳֵⲻˣôûҲǵúúþ۾ۣʱپۡ
õġƷ絹ҲӦС˼ϾСϻƷ²͸ܣƷҲϣʱСܹ뿪ġ
ţСתȥ
˹СȥıӰƷֵܣ˿Ƽ򵥣ʶģ
Ǻǣȱ˵ЩȽȥ˵ɣһоϲءƷЦá
ϲ˹Ůһ㶣ƷͻȻ֣ҲȻֻһˣһʱҲ֪Ʒ絽ȥ
УƷæһ磬ֹǽж
Ȼ˹ҲоƷʵѾԽ񼶱ƷҲ֣ΪǶѾﵽ񼶵ΪƷ粻ܻô
Ʒ磬ʲôϲ˿̲סʡ
ƷһЦֳ𸮣һӰ˳
һ£ͻȻһİĵطǱȥ֮ʱ͵һ
СǾһѡ
ĸףһʹôĶˣھΥ֮£Ҳȥס˿ȣһ˵ĸס̡һΪҲˡ
ˣǻˣĸ׺ʹҶǡͷҸʵ̫ˣÿǶϲĿˡ
˹⣬һˣû뵽һ
ˣһλҲǺϤˡƷЦЦһһά˿Ӱ˳
̻ʣһ˿ά˿֮ڹһЩԹԶά˿ĺøвرãҲûˣ˿Ҳ̫Ľ١
ά˿Ҳסˣ㵵Ʒ磺Сӣǡ
ǺǣǰɡҲܸˣȻܹǡƷЦΪֻҵ˹û뵽Լǡ
ά˿΢΢ͷܹеĹˣҲǻϲſЦЦ뵽ǶΪƷ֮ɫͻȻЩȻ


1472 鷳
ƷܹλӣѾ˵ľˣƷѾ֪ˣǾϲˡ
ڣڿúˣ뽫һ֮ãǻ˵Ļ
ˣƷֵܣһɶģ˹ͻȻʵҲǽƷ磬벻ƷоȻһϢûС
ħ硣Ʒ˵ֵܡССǶħ硣
ŶѾµˡ΢΢ͷ
Ʒ磬ôģôڣʵ
ħ﷢˺ܶ飬ǴͨﴩԽġ˼ǣͨоȻԽ˽һʱ䡣Ʒ˼Ļص
ʲôͨԽʱ䣿һȻ֪Ʒʵǿû뵽ȻܹǿԴԽͨ˼ǻԽ˽һʱ䡣
ǵģĻѾһˣͨҲǿҪȫˣʱħ֮䣬һҡƷ˵ʱĻħдͨͨʱҲˣܼ꣬Ҳܼʮꡣ
ԺħҲƽϢˡ˹̾
ǺǣǷģʱħεĻңֻҪڣǶܹల£Ҵ˴ħļƻҲڲ롣ƷЦЦ򵥵ĽħһЩ飬ֻǹȵƷʱܡ
ȻƷ˵úɣ˹ȴǾƷÿһ¶˵ľĶǣվҲһһġ
˵꣬뵽ʲôЩ˶ǵʵƷ磬֪ˮĵ飿
֪ǰͼȥˮģϧʧˡƷȻҡͷ
Ʒֵܣ˵Ŀǰľ¿Ǻ䶯磬˵綼Ѱһλħˣѵ㣿˹㵡
ǵġƷص
̫ˣˮڱ֮УԽȡ˹̾
ˮĿɵܶĿడȴΪˮʹ¡
㲻صģƷһа취ȳˮĵġѩ˿ο
ǵģҪһﲻȳˮĵĻǾͲҪˣ˿ġ
һȳˮĵģǾԲŹˣƷݺݵսȭͷ
ǿƷֵܿҪ£в³ç¡˹֣ص˵ȻҲǺеҪȳˮģ˹Ҳж£ͳ硣
ѲҪͻˣͻ֮գ֮ʱƷʹ޵˵
Ʒ磬ǵϣϣһҪȳˮġȳʹ˵뵽ԼŮڿ࣬绨絶
һģƷͷͻȻ뵽ʲôʵˣһɻô壿
ǽħ֮ͨ󣬱㴫͵֮أȴˡѩ˿ɬ˵˵Ҳ˺ܶί
˹ҵǣǱ㰲ס塣ȸ˵м˹
벻ף˿дĹ֮˵ǵӦô͵ʹô֮أƷʡ
ʹ岻ͿɽģһҪڷгΪʹͽһ֮󣬲ſܵʹĽ롣ǴħͨнĻ͵ʹļʺСά˿ͻȻ˵
ԭˣҲ£ҪȻĻҲ֪ʲôʱܹҵ˿ˡƷЦ
ǰұ͵ʹĻҲλһˡ˿οЦ
ʱά˿̧ͷŰ˿˿֮䣬ڷйЩԹҲûܹȡԭ£һǸ˵Ǹ
ǺǣⶼѾȥˣطϡ˿΢΢һЦƺǲά˿Ʒ֮Ҳż־˵ά˿Ժ󻹻ΪƷӣ˿Ҳûôά˿ⷬϵĵǸ˿Ѿ黳ˡ
ллά˿صȻﻹǾúΣǿͻˡ
ˣ˵ǺЩ鷳ʲô𣿡Ʒ粻ʡ
ߣǺĦǶĵĶ˿
һ˭ƷʵɫѾҪĦ˺˿ĻƷҲԲŹǼһ
Ҳ֮ӣŷǱȵݡ˹˵ʼҵʵǼһ֮Ҳ˲ٵĶԹرҽǽ֮ʱһ˵㽫֮˴壬鷳Ҫ鷳Ļҵǲ壬һﲻ֪ʲô裬Ȼ˿һţһҪ˿ơ
ߣҴӵ⣡ӷƷݺݵ˵
ƷֵĪ嶯ȻĦһＸѰǵ鷳ҵ츳ͣһҲзִġ˹˵˼ҲƷ粻Ҫȥ壬Ͼڿĵϡ
ǣƷɲ޺øУǰ¼һЩϢλεҲʲôöƷѾҵԼֵܺǣƷҲûҪȥ
ģֻҪһﲻµĻҲûȤȥǼһġƷԵòм˶٣ЦǺǣ磬ЩǶǵչˡڴѾȾҲ鷳硭
Ʒֵܣ˵ʲô˹Եòã˵Ϊ˵ǣѹͲ㾹ȻˣԺ󲻹ģҿɶǸˡ
лл㣬硣Ʒĺܸж˹ΪԼ顣
Ǻǣ⻰˵ҵǲ̫˼ˡ˹Ц
Ʒ磬ʲôʱ뿪ҶǶĵļһأ˿ߵ˵
ûĻǱ뿪Ʒص
ҵȻû⣬ҵø˵һϾЩҵչҲǲ٣ܾܲô뿪˰ɡ˹˵
ǺǣҲáƷЦţͻȻüͷһ壬˵鷳Ѿˣ
Ħܣ˹ɫһ䣬һѾ֪Сֵ֮ܽ£ҾͲµһﲻᣡ
ǶĵĶǳȥӦɣҿɲǼһ˿
һȥҵҪƣˣʲôƷȻƷ粻鷳鷳ˣο⻹ǲԼŮˣƷ͸ưոˡ
˹֪ƷĸԣѵƷ磬ɲܹˡ
һзִġƷ˵ͷ
󣬳ά˿֮⣬ƷǱһͬԺȥ


1473 ѵ
ߵԺ⣬һλɫڵ˹
λӣȥͦɫǶһ֮һӶļƣƷˡ
ǶʱԵһ֮ɫ˵˱Ħˡ
˹˵ִЩݵ˽ˣĦܳ˹޷
ţҴҵ˽һΡ
˹Ҳ֪ǲǵ£ϾƷλ˽֮֮ʱĦܲϢ֪
ǵģλҵѡ˹ԵƷ˵
ĦܱѭƷȥ
ȻĦܾܺȣû뵽˹ѾȻλӣӢӣʷǷĦܸƷʵ
˭ĦܰƷʵ
ĿˡƷ絭Ȼ
岻֮͡Ħ
Ե̲ס˵ĦλƷֵܣѪ
ĦȻɰĳƷ磬и˹Ѿʼˣû뵽ͻȻðλʵǳδ֪ǿߣһбѪ
ôĦû˰ɣƷƽ˵
ĦԵúܲʣ֤
ƷЦЦڱɢһǿϢ˵֤Ħ⣿
ĦÿҪˣȴòʲôȥƷ磬㽫ŭй˹뿨ǵϣе˹ҾͲ˵ˣǾ֮ˣǱ뿪
У˭Ҫ˿м˵
ĦջѣŰ˿˵㲻ߣҪˣ
ƾʲô˿еѡ
ƾЩǣݶҵĻҾԲԿĦ˵оϺĦܲϲ˿ƺֻΪܹн˹Ҳѡ
ʲô߼أһһ㶼ϡء˿̵
Ħŭѣݺݵ˵ǾȻ壡˵㣡
˵أƷ˵
ʲôĦ
ҰƷһЦһ˿֣˵ҵӣ˵⹻
ӣĦܾ㵵ĵɴ˫ۡ
ǵģ˿ҵӣӵ⣬ˣʲôƨвңҲһףҪҵǣֲܣƷ˵
㵲ѣƷĵҲ̫ˣ˵׺ĦҲƷⲻ
˹ޱ飬Ƿǳ˽ƷԸ
⻰Ħһܴ࣬裬ʱܹ
ĦŭȻӵбѪ㻹δʽΪ֮ˣֻһ˵ݣȻڳԣҿǻˣ
ûȤΪһԱұҵ뿪ҵǶ뿴㣬뿪Ʒ
ģĵ̣ҽб뿪ʲôʸ񣡡Ħܱŭŭ죬޲Ҫ˺Ʒ硣
ĦµΪֹɡ˹
û£ĦŭƷ磬еҾ
ûȤƷĵ
裡Ե裡
Ʒ羹Ȼս
ݣ
һĦֳһָƷŭǸҾܾңҾɱ⼸Ů˵ҲԲ뿪
Ůˣ
ƷɫƷߵˣɾǴƷۡ
˹һҡͷ֪ĦҪùˣ˭ãƫƫȥƷߵӡ
ٸһᣬǸȻƷѹѾǸһˡ
ľǸų򣡱ﻹЩŮ˵ǸĦŭ
Ʒ۹һһ
һ£һȵĲӰӹ
죡ԵĿ죡
ֻǼһӰĦҲǾ㵲ѡ
žһ
ûӦͼƷγֵģֻ֪ĦܱƷصĴ˸⣬˳ȥ
𺧲ѣ˵׺ĦҲλнǿߣȻ޷Ӧ֮µĳ֣֮һ⣬ʵʵ̫ˣǿӵС
Ħܾ㶵ڵأҲסˣһĺףӡ
ƷںĦܵǰԶ˵˵һΣ
ŭ
ĦܷŭĿҪɽһ㣬Ѿ˺ݺݵļ̤ڽ£ĦΪ߸ϵ
ˣȥĦŭһ˫۳죬ھȻ䱬һɿֲϢǿϢֱӽǸ˳ȥ
˹ɫһ䡣
Ϊ֮ӣȻбֶΣĦܴ˿ǿܱ衣
Ʒм
Ħܱ÷һֻҪɱƷ磬ȻǱصǿ֮󣬺ĦܵʵâʢֲϢ̼ϯ֮ȡ
ҪʬΣĦܿһٶȼΪ֮죬Ⱦ֮£Ħ˲ӵƷǰųǿĳնƷ硣
Ʒ翴ֱһŴ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬Ħûնȥ¸֮б⵽һǿӿҷɡ
ͣ
ĦܿдѪҽһٶȵ˳ȥ䵹ڵأþòվ
ƷȻԭǲм䶢źĦܡ
ľ
Ŀ࣬ĦܿǶȻƷֱһŸ߷ˣֻ𾪵뵽Ʒλǿߣ
졭Ħȴֻ˼ѪҪӣȴʹ
ǷӦȥ˺Ħܡ
ƷתҪŤĺĦ˵Ѿˣ㻹Ҫ˵޴һҲ˲񣡡
ߣĿͦģһϳһǿӿƶȫǳƷѹȥ
˹ɫ䣬ǿѹ֮£˹뿨Ůˡ
ƷȻ壬ıѹ֮£޶ã档
壬һƬһڱչؾޣǺŭǿпԸоһŭ
ţԺϿ֮һɫӰ
һλӣɫһͷɫĽݻ⣬Ͷ֮䣬ɢǿ
ԿλԵúܷŭرڿشĺĦ֮ʱƷ֮ʱ˼ȵɱ⡣
λӣ֮


1474 С
ˣ
ǵ˹ҲǾηһ
ĦŭƷ磬еһҰٰ裬ǳִңĺ񣬾
ĦܻͦͼӴ׵ġ
ӣƷ˵ҶȻʱ»Щ³ç⻹ֲѵǱ壬кĿģ
Ʒüͷһ壬ȴҲ壬ɫƽ˵ˣֻΪҪҵӣĦȴǰٰӡұĦìܣȴ֪ĦٰǶҳ֣Ȳ֮²ų²ߣڳ֮˽Կ֤
ɫһԼӲϰ˿ҲжţƷ羹Ȼ˵˿ӣ˽ԼӵƢԣҲ֪ȷʵǺĦйˡ
һһɺԣұȰ˾ȻңǸ㼰ʱϵҵҪһˣĦܺ
ұ죡߳һ
Ħܾһһ˫޷ŭȴһֱƷ粻š
ʱʵᰣԿΪʵ
ĦܺݺݵĵˣҲһΪ֮ɫҲǺܹġ
˻ᰱ㹧˵ˣȷʵдȡ
Ҳг֣ҪƷֵܡ˵
ֱİ࣡ΪǸе裡Ħŭ
㻹𣡡
Ħƿԣŭѡ
ʱֵˣƷֵܿбѪԭҲ֮١
ѪԵúܲ죬оƷʵƺԼ֮£ɫ
ʵᰵıǺõģΪֻҪ˵ƷӵѪƷͣԴ¹׷
ⲻ֪ƷӵѪ֮ʱɫ̬Ҳʱת䣬ĶƷ˵䲻֪¹̣ҶҲпԭڲڱ֮ˣȴ£Ѿַ壡Ǵ©ȥ廹к֮أ
ڵ˼ǣƷ絭Ȼʡ
أý
˹һĦܵЦ
ˣֻһᣬҲƷֵ𣬾ƷֵҲس˴ĳͷ˹æƺƺ
ߣ˵ķ𣿡һ˹㣬㲻Ҫ˱ͣ
˹磬Ϊ˵顣Ʒ米˫֣ȻҲˣΪҪܴ˳ͷ
ߣ㻹δǱ֮ˣӵбѪشҲýߵ
ҾܾأƷ
ǵһҶ˲֮ˣЦһ֮ɫŭһǿӿ֣ٶֱѹƷ硣
䣡
죬֮Ȳǿͬ˰ĳƷ磬˹ھֶˣ⡣
Ʒʯĳ
ﾪɫȻû뵽Ʒʵɲ⣬Ȼ޷Ʒֺ
Ʒ粻Ӱǿ֮УҲΪУΪУ²ֵ˲ʰذɣ
ߣͽ㣡кڴ棡ߵŭкݺݵֳһѽɫ˸ŶĿĽâ
ȻִˣƷֻͽһƷȻֳ𽣡
ˣŭʢȻ⵽ơ
ãܺãǱҪкα£˵ͻȻɢһɱûǰ֮ɫתΪһ֮ɫ
˴󾪣û뵽Ʒ羹֮࿹
˹æȰˣսضصֺ˼У
ݲ˵һһǿ˹
˹һѪ˳ȥ
Ʒɫһŭ˲ҲݹҲˣ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒڱһǿƣһȫѹȥơ
ٽĺĦܣܴ֮γܵסƷʹһƷݺݵƷ˳ȥ
ŭѣһնȥ
ȻһƽĮ𣺡ɷҷӡ
һ㶣ƷҲ΢΢һ
ѭȥֻС米Ŵ󽣣֪ʱѾ˽һ˫Ϭӣμһϵϣ˺
ƷܾȣСϵϢǿԲԼҪԼǿϼ֡
˹Ǹһ֮ɫû뵽С羹ȻҲز¶ǿߣƾԲƷй֮
С磬ƺ뵽ʲôɫ䣬סϵϹϾĹֵˣ

Ʒ𾪲ѣһݳ˲š
С磿
ƷޱȾ㵣ĶȫתС磬֣С羹Ȼǽ
ûСݣ֮صͳ֮
Ħܾѣ亹Ʒ֮ͬˣȻǽǿĶָͷǿߡ
ޱ˵²Ʒֵ֮ʹհɡ
Ħܾû뵽ȻƷԳֵܣǾʮ嶼ǲ𰡡
СƳھַеĺĦܣҲǵúúù̹ܽܽˣ
˽ѵǣһúù̡ܽﺹȻ²ŭ˽
ĦܸŵҰף壬ǽҪɱԼĻԼĸЦӭˡ
ƷֵܡתƷѺһЦ
ҵǰƷ纹յǣȻɹСݣû뵽Ȼ֮еĽ
˵Ʒڸ̤֮صʱ򣬿⽣ѾˣȻôôɡ
ȻƷҲûеĽԼǲĻ綼ԶԼˡ
˹ҲǴסˣ̿ɫĵͷǿǰǾϰС˵ķݡ
ʱЦǺǣûȤģ
ȻƷҡƷ
΢΢ͷ˦һӣռ䶯
ţƷԾ㵵ĸоܳһɿµĿռ֮ǿ߲ٿصĿռƷҲ޶Դ˲ܡ
һ£ƷһƬصĿռ֮С


1475 
Ľ壬ͬϵķһ㣬˸Ĺߡ
Ŀռ棬ԸоصĽ֮ϢڽĿռ䣬ڽ硣
ƷΪ֪̾ǽĿռû뵽ڽϵ边˵ĸжλصĽҲǳޱȵĺ档
ǺǣܱǸûоͬ⽫ҵռ䡣һ׺͵Ц𣬽֣ȻúأҲûи߸ϵĸо
ΪЩ֣Ʒ⽣ҲԵúܹǰ˵ЦˣƷܽڴˣƷ籸ܻ̿֡
Ǻǣ˵Ц㲻̫нҾȻֵܣҲؽǰĳɾ;ԻᳬԽҡ
ҿɾͺɡƷ繰ֵ
磬Ǻǣŵġ΢΢һЦֵˣΪ˷ֹһЩҪ鷳ļλҲ˳ִҵɽ
ɽⲻ壿ƷȻǿߵĿռҲ̫ǿ˰ɣȻ֪ɽںδ֮ȾԺԶȻܹ˲佫Ʒ֮תƵɽ
ǵģģѶɽУܰȫֻ뵥ģҲкܶɻɣЦ
ȷʵкܶ벻סƷ˵ͷɻ󲻽ʵ˵ΪʹСݣΪܹɽЩ벻ף
Ʒ֮ʵʹõݣǾƷڳʱʹùСƷҲǺܺ档
СڷʹõݣͦɵġЦǺǣΪһɽĻΪѾע⵽ˣһȫȷԱСӴ
Һ뽣㲢ʶɣƷԵ
ǲʶµĺ䶯ɶǷǳע㡣֮ʹڵģԲʹ壬Ҳÿڴ˸ѲӣͻȻ֮صʱҲ㡣ʵҲǲû㣬ѹгԿǲֵĻҵ綼Ҳ㡣˵
Ǻǣ磬ڿĹУħݣѵ㡭Ʒ̽ЦЦ
ҽϲύ֮ߣĹΣЦǺǣҲûݣħ֮䣬˵ûκθġʵ˵ҵǵħ壬Ȼ˵ħаħĻҵеһЩα֮˵ħҲûʲôɷģҶҲ޺øС
Ʒ£û뵽˵ĻԭеЩҲǵȻȫޣǸ˵ǰԽл֮ģڽⷬඥ˵ҿǲ
ǺǣƷֵ˵ЦˣҸӴ֮ʱҲ㣬֮Դ֮ʱѼ壬ʵΪϣ֮ѾˣʵΪ㣬ύΪѡЦ
ɽͣƷܳƷ
ǺǣЩ׾ˡЦЦɫתȻһɫʵƷֵܣҲֱʣ֮вСľ룬ΪҪմ󣿡
ΪҵŮжΣգҾԲܷҵŮƷ˵
ˮģһ㶡
Ʒͷ
һλѵõŰϧˡ̾ϧ
硭Ʒɫеһ¶˿֮ɫ˵Ȼ֪˵ѣĺϣҾȳˮġ
Ʒֵܣ˵Ҳ㣬̫Сʵˡҡҡͷ˵ǧʷУӵеܶԸ
ʱҲо˼ǿϢʵ֮ϣЩһﵽǺˣƷصʵ
Զϡ֣ص˵ĸϼһʵΪ£˵ԶϵʵѾﵽ۷塣뵱ʱǲ޲²⵽㾹ȻȥȻĻǾ޷ѳǴˣҲܱǸʵû㡣
ɡҲŮˣƷ⣬ҲʹԼԼŮȲ
Ҳȫûа취ͻȻ
磬кΰ취ָ㣿Ʒæʡ
ǧ֮ãǿߣԶƿأӵһɻصĿֲ˵ǧ֮ǰԶǽħ塣ֻҪҵ㣬ܽȥԶԶɼشҪ쵽·ǳ֮ѣ֮бȻԶءص˵
Ǹ취ƷȻ̾
Ǻǣ츳ʷУͻƵ֮Ŀħս֮Щܹлȥ󡣡Ц
ͻƴ˾ˮĸȲˣôȥĻˮĵñ档Ʒʹĵ˵
ҪԼҲֻ취þʵ˵ڴ֮ڣľϣ
л硣Ʒмѣ̾Ψ֮ƣҲֻܾԼľˡ
ͻ֮˹ֵܱضһ֮˵
ս˹ƷȻ
˵˹ֵȻݣ֮УȴһֱѹȡЩ֮ˣܰγԺܻ̫ƽ
ͨͨʱħع飬ҵ֣ܳƷݺݵ˵
ڴ֮ǰñ̡Ȼ˿̵飬ǲóȻ㱻ڴ֮УȻħ޴ֺʱɾֹܹԶˡص˵
һ̣Ʒݺݵսȭͷ
ԺǾɣҷǳ㣬ϣܾͻ⡣˵
һᾡģƷɫᶨ˵
ȻȥȳŮҿ㱣֤ĻֻҪħδŮ֮оͻܴȥ֮ͨǰͻƾ磬ݻ󡣲ȻŮʧֻ֮УħҲصǧǰʷʱħ磬ɾȫʹˡĬȻ̾
ҾԲǵóѵģƷϵѹҲأѾǽϵԼŮΣˣΣԺħ磬λеķ硣


1476 ͻ
ڴ˺һµʱƷ綼ڽУ
ʵռеĻƷôֻƷҲþܾĺ⡣ĻƷҲǿһľ
ƷҪͻƾ粢еôףƷѾϣҪÿϣֻܵеķ嶼ǿںϵĻͻƵļʲŻȽϴ
ĽգҲǳָƷ磬ѹƾ磬Ʒн
ԭԼĽǷǳţƷ罻֮ǲǾ塣
䣡䣡
ڽռ֮УƷ뽣ҵƴ
Ʒף񾳽ѾﵽƿֻѰǿĶ֮ΪŻǡ
Ʒֵܣ벻Ľ˾ﵽ֮ͬҿĶ֡Цδй˷ܡ
ǽ飬ܡƷЦ뽣սú˷ܣǿߣ𸮵ľռ仹ҪøЧ
ǽҿɾͲˡЦһų壬г裬ӻһâ
ݣݣ
һĽâϮƺ˺ѿռһ㣬ʮ㡣
ƷԵýϷӵ˼£š
Ǳ߷˷ܵЦݣͻȻ˲ƵƷǰϬĳһĻ⣬Ʒ硣
Ʒ統һ֮ȥ
飡
һ죬˫һ
ƷȻУ˳ȥ
͵ģƷסΣеֶ伫ֻһƬƬâ籩Ϯ˽
ãΪ̾ƷƵĽֻһâͬǹֵһ㣬ӭƷһ깥
¡¡
һľ죬̻ͬһƬƬը˿ڽϣ˾ƾС
ಣಣ
ӰԳĳٶȣͬȹ켣ķű˴˳˹ȥ

һĽ֮˳ֽΪһ塣
أһ
ͬʱ𿪣նһϧӣսúʹ졣
ƷڽĽգҲǷǳɻȻڽԼ̫ƣ̲סʵ磬ʵи㡣
Ǻǣ֪ʲôЦЦ˵֮䣬ڽмƣʵ˵ĽҪʤһҲɻ޵ô˽ɣʵҲкܴ󡣡
ҵĽڷ򡣡ƷصʼĻȷʵƷΪƷ粢ûչ¶еĽ
򣿡Եúܾȡ
ôƷ΢΢һ㶡
Ǻǣ⽣Ҹеʱ޵ãȴһλǿߵĵ㲦򡣡Ц
ǿߣƷȻ
ûҵڶ֪λǿߵݣλǿ߽˵ãȾҲԶԶ޷֮ȼص
Ǻǣǿ߻ͦġƷЦȴڰĳ˼ţȽԼԭмƣ᲻ǳԼʦ֣֮
Ʒֵܣѵ£ȱ̸ЩȶǼսʹ죡ܵĴЦ
ãƷ𽣡
ҪСˣҿɵټǿҵʵˣʵŻЧЦ
ţ֡
ͻȻɫһ䣬׼õĽƺص˵һսӺˡ
ôˣƷ缴ʡ
пˡصԵúܲá
ˣ
Ǽһ
ƷԵúܾȣüʣŮʲô
֪Բʲô£ҵǺܰȫɱ嶯㲻Ķ֣ȳȥӦ˵ű㽫ɽеĿǸתС
󣬽ȥ
ʱ˽
Ʒ磬ôˣ˹ʣҲɻ󣬼ƷɫأмŭɫҲǺ¡
ˣƷ
ɫ䡣
ףʹ֮һǺ޹ϸ𣬿ɲʲô¡Ȼ
Ǻǣû£ҲɳȥúơƷһЦֳ𸮣һ֮ͬУϢ˳ȥ
ڽռ֮УƷҲǸɵȨ
ʱɽ֮⡣
֮䣬ϵɫӰ
ˣеλϣλϵʵҲǴﵽ񼶵ľ硣
ǺǣϡͰΪµá֣ն
ΪҸˡ˵˫۽Ʒ硣
ʱƷǶ𸮣ΪϸСĿ⣬Ĵ濴һС
Ȼλʵǿߣλϡ
ˣһ㶣ɻʣʦڵģҪ˭أ
һƷˣϵã
Ʒ磿Ѱ˼˻ص治˼Ҳ֪һ֮ص飬οڴҲϵá
˿ħˣΣϣҪء˵
üͷһ壬ЦǺǣҲǺ˼
ǺǣȻ㲻׵ĻҲǿǱڹѰɣЦ
ޣҪѰأʵ
ĻҪɽѰһ
Ǻǣ˼ǾڻˣһЦŭѣͷȻ۸ɽˡ
ɿɲңɱ˵λѣλҲƺһƷˣĻñˡ˫졣
ޣǲ˼λѾ뿪ˣҲ֪ڵȥȻ
뿪ˣüͷ΢΢ɨɽ˦һӣǰֳһӰˮġ
˿̵ˮһϢɫ԰ף˫۽գڵϢǳ
ˮģˮģһˮģʹĴһ߬ƷֱۿƷ磡ǵŮĶˣһҪĶˡ
𼤶Ʒһа취ġ˿Ȱ˶Ҳʹ޲ѣ޲óȥɱ
Ʒɫŭ˫ȭ߬Ѫ֮СƷкγʹ࣬˫۳죬̲סйҪɱȥĳ嶯
Ʒ֪ʱһҪ̣ȻȲԼŮɥʧԼǽҲܵǣ


1477 
ֳһλʶŮӣɸоλŮϵϢҲǳŲ˶ˡ
ʲô˼ɫѿŭɫ
ǺǣλǧţˮġЦЦ˵֮УᵽһЩϢĸױһλƷˡǰǳ֮£ܱܿƷǰӪȣϧǣһˡ룬һܿھ֮УҺܴĿܱλƷѡ
ߣѾ˵ˣѾ뿪ˣţɽѰߵ
ǺǣףҲû˵ҪҳˡЦЦĮ˵ԺܹƷĻҪý
ʲôʡ
ĻҪҪŮʱֻ죬һô͵ý
⻰еˣŭѣȴҲ֪Ӧԡ
Ķʹţˮֱ䣬Ʒ绹ˮģǵȻ᲻ȥôƷأ
˵Ļ֮ˮֱɡ
Ů˾Ǹɵŭ
ģûиģ˿ţεǣҶʵҪˮĵĻǳѡ
Ǻǣа취ˡƷһЦ
취һ㶡
Ʒ磬㲻ƭҵȻҪȻĶĲȥðաȳƷ˵ǣ绨
ңа취ȻˮġƷһֳս˿ǱЩĽ֡
ʱڽ⻰֮Ե÷ŭҲ̫˰ɣ
ߣħǻ磡ɶĻҲȲѲų²ߣߵϺ޸ԡ
²ߣ˵õɣݺݵ˵
Ϊе״֮أ˻ǿħ֮壬ٱɳȥĻֻ޴ѣ˵õⰻȻӣʮα
ĵȻһСһЦƷӰ˳뽣
Ʒֵܣ㡭㵣𱸰Ʒ磬ĴƷֵܣҲ̫嶯ˣ
ģӦƷ紫ص
ǼƷ֣ԵúܾȣҲǲȷƷݡ
˭ʵ
ҾҪҵˣƷ磡ƷĻص
Ʒ磿ɰƷ硣
ǺǣģǡƷһЦһתΪħս壬ɢа⣬
ߣȻ㣡ǵ͹ˣ㻹зֹߵ
ٷϻ㲻˵ҪҵȡŮҿԴӦ̷Ůñ֤ԺԲ˺ŮƷе
ʲôʸ뱾̸м˵ǿʼ׼ҪѹסƷ硣
ߣҽ֣Ҹұ֤ҪߵĻסң㲻ɣƷߵ
΢΢һ㶣ڵƷ˵ԴӦ汾һˣ
ˮѾûжüֵˣϢ΢ܹƷĻǴ׬һʣɷˮġ
û⣡Ʒص
ȵȣסƷ磬˵Ʒֵܿɲܰװ׵ľôˣȷ
ˡƷ˵ǾԲʧԵġ
ƷֵܡΡ
ǺǣƷ磬Ȼʶɷģֻܸ汾ȥȻŮΪĵеģЦ
Ʒͷ㳷˿ħսֵڱȥ
ʹ죡ʵһȻڳһ֣һǿӿƷڣ
ŭֳ
磬İɣһûµģչ˺ˮġƷЦ۽ŽﷺŵĹâ
ðɡ˴󽣣ȴǺݺݵŭ
㣡Ҳûʳԣֱӽڻеˮ˦ڵˮ˵飬ҲǳŲ˶ˣˮĻܹҲǸѣܹƷ÷ǳֵˡ
һ׺͵Ļסˮġ
ƷԼŮѾ˽УҲǷˣת˵ҿԸˣ
ɫҲƷ
ȻռеһɿµĲ
һ£Ʒ㱻һǿĿռͬλϣһͬʧ
ɫͣŭѣǰڻеˮģһɬ̾ƷֵܣҲ̫ɵˣһȥ޻ˡ
̾һϤЦͻȻڽԺл𣺡Ǻǣ硣
׻𾪲ѣһΪŰɫ
ಣ
֮䣬ŻеˮĻص֮С
ΪǸ
㵵ļƷ֮󣬾úϲ£죬ôƷôúõ֮С
ơƷֵܣ⡭ô£ޱȵʵʵ󣬸ղͼƷ⵽ĽˣôתƷͻأ
ǺǣղģֻҵķѡƷ΢΢һЦ
壿󲻽⡣
ǺǣԺԻ͡ƷЦ
ʱһ۱ˮģʹϲŷȥĶ
͵ģȱ㱧סˮġ
ţƷҲһͬ˹
ڵϢ֧Ų˶ˡ̾ϢĲ̡
мʹƷƷ磬֪а취Ķġ
ġƷ΢΢ͷڱתǿעˮĵڡ
ϣˮġ
ƷǿϴԭˮǿҪݽߵļ壬ĵõ˸գм⿪ʼٵĻָ
öƷջ
Ʒ磬ĶôˣȽŵʡ
ûˣֻҪúϢƷϧḧˮݣ۵˵ĶЩܿˣһúõİֻģ
˼һĻϲޣžˡ
ȻǶʹҲ֮ǡ


1478 
֮⡣
ʱλϾ۴ˡ
ƷĵһޱѾˡ
°ɡλ˵
ǡλϹתȥ
ǺǣƷ磬벻Ҳ湻޴ġЦЦ
ǺǣҲ벻㹻ɵģƷЦ
ͷӲƷ磬Ϊ˵ʵ㣬ȻŮǽǼһܹȻŮҲֻǸˡ
ǷҲԲ˺ˮģƷݺݵ˵
Ǻǣ񣬵֮裬ٱúõܣʲôЦ
飡
ֱһػƷıϣƷѪ֮С
ȻҲֻƷĵһѣƷҲ¶ʹ֮ɫʹŭ
ţ֮еƷ磬ȫ⵽һǿĽ֮޷һɹɹڣ˺Ʒһ㣬ȻƷڵ
ǵģƷ屻Ļǵóޱȵʹ
ڣƷĵһԵúܾǿʼ
ϧǣƷ޷ֿԽǿԵĵֿڱճȥԽ࣬ŵʹҲԽԽ
Ǻǣͽ޹ġЦհƷǰһףȴǷЦƷԵ˵ʹ࣬ǵ⡣
ŮˣҷľԻɱ㣡Ʒŭ
죡һֱڿһƻƷؿڡ
飡
һ죬Ʒ⵽ػѪڣѪҪһ㣬ⲢƷ壬ҪȻһҲƷ繻Ǻġ
ھɱңƷŭ
ɱ㣿δ̫ˡЦ֮УΪʹĥڵѪҺȻ壬꣬ܵΪʹĥ֮ôڵһбΪеһ֡ҪӵиĴʱ䣬ôֻܲϵȥҲ᲻ϵĳɹҪֻ˳ӦĹ򡣵ŮˮҲôʹֻ࣬Ǳ벻ˮľȻǿȻܹǧꡣ
Ʒ粢£뵽ԼŮȻǧĥƷеŭǻɽ緢һ㣬˫Ѫ޲ýʬΡ
ߣûɱ֮ǰҾԻúõĻţƷߵ
ȤǸʮʱ䣬ҲɱҡĵЦȻҲڴԽãԽԽ洦Ƿǳϣܹϼǧġ
Ǻǣģ̫õġƷһЦ
ʱ򡣡мĻص
Ȼ
ǿϢƷһ
ţ֮Уƾֳλߡ
λߣΪ޷ʵĿ䣬ɫ֮ɢһµϢҪǿ֮ϡ
ƷҲµˣλߣǽ˵ԶϣΪ£ƷͻƵ˱֮Ҳû㹻İȥԸԶϡ
ԶϣԶʹһ崴ʼߣ׶塣
׶ơϵΪѾ۷徳磬ԶܱȼĲΡ
ݼλǰľηͬǿߣԶϵǰԵСˡ
úܲ׶ͷ˶٣ϱƷ磬Ʒƺ˵Ĺо
ҲûлɵƷϵ
Ͼħ֮УûйƷһܹﵽľ磬ܹбе
ǺǣƷ硣׶ЦֻЦƷľúܶġ
ңȻ϶ݡƷ絭ȻһЦԵúƽ¶κεľɫ
׶Ǻľû뵽Ʒ䵽־أȻܱ򶨡뻹ôѱסɳȥض󺦡
ǺǣֳôĶҵȿǶǳ棬һΪϧʹ岢ûߣź׶Ц
̫ƵˣǰƷ粻Ǹ۵ĽɫѡƷ˵
Ǻǣͦ˵ġ׶ЦЦɫһƷʵϷҲֱˣǷħ磿
ǵġƷֱӻص
׶Ȱѣ׶ʣģ
ͨͨƷ
ߣСӣŪ˭ͨҵȶ޷кⱾ£ߵƷĻɡ
Ʒ粻ڿȷʵǴͨнġƷ˵ϲػɣħʵȣͨᱻȫĴͨħʹĩգ
ЦѾѱˣ˿޺ǲмķЦ
ߣܹȥЩ֮ˣֺϧƷʵ
ŭǿߣƷֽѵƷ磬׶ޣα˶ŭΪ󲻾ͬ
СӵĿδ̫ˡŭ
ʵ׶ҲǺܲʹģƷ˵Ϸҿ㣬̫Сǵʵˡǧ֮ǰħܹˣһǻħҲ˽ɲֻˣǧ֮㱻ڴֻǿԿ»ʧˡ
Ǻǣ»˵̫ǾԻڵġƷЦȴΪأħʵǧǰȣԶϲҲܹħ塣
ԣҪ취ݻ󣬶Ʒĵһ˻ԼŮиҪĿģܹҳ֮ݻ١
ǿɾͶлˡ׶ɫƽ˵ȻѾ֪ǸҪʵģҲͲˣϣ죬һġ
λǰģһúرչСӵġݵ˵
׶΢΢ͷʧ֮С
ţ߽ƷǰɭЦǺǣøӵ򡣡
Ǻǣþ͸ʹ졣ƷЦ
ʹģ㳢ʲôζЦһƳİƷؿϣһǿĹӿƷĴ
Ʒҧ˫۳䶢¶ʹɫ
ǺǣŮǿˣģֻǸոտʼѣһ̿ʼ㽫ʮ򱶵ʹĴЦš


1479 ŭ
Ʒĵһ屻֮УĥƷ粢Ӱ졣
ļƷ綼Ůˮĵһϸϡ
˵ûˮȷʵǻȴʧȥ뱾츳ƷʹѣǺ֮ǡ
ѾõƷ磬Խ֮УҲ˴ţЩƷǱʱɽ֮С
ˮȫް֮ڽٻ֮ƷС
ʱϥ
硣Ʒ֡
ˮĵΣʵ
ѾûдˣҪָ»е⣬һᾡ취ġƷصֻҪĻǵõһĻƷҲܹԼŮָġ
Ǿͺá΢΢ͷֺݺݵ˵Ҳʵ̫ˣȻʹֶΣ
ǺǣģȻҵķ屻УҵķƿȨҵϡƷЦ
ǸѵõĻᡣϲ
ǵģǼһԲ뵽ֻҵķѣұ㹻ʱȥҳǳΪ㣡Ʒ˵
Ǻǣ㡣ЦЦֵˣνΪһرҪ顣
ʲô飿Ʒɻʡ
ߣǰɽϢȵ֪бض©Ϣߵ
壬˭֪ϢƷ
Ҳ뵽ˣԴĦֵ֮󣬱̳λּΪ̣Ϊ֮³ڶı˵
Ħ£˵ĿɷǺĦ£Ʒ粻ʡ
ûĦͬʱڵҲԭ֮еǿߡãͻ֮Ħ¿ֵ֮ϧˣĦֵ⵽ʹȺѾ˺ܶˡҡͷ̾
磬ʵ˵ڷ֮ʱλ񴫳ߣ˱ǽкĦ£ҴõһЩϢ¼Ħȷʵ⵽ʹĶ֡ƷȻ
ѹˣڻϢһҸоϢϤԭˣ벻ڤڤ֮УһĶ̾ȻЦ
ҾȻ̳ںĦµ֮ҲһȥˣҾԻݻƷݺݵ˵
Ħֵ֮£мкܴ⡣˾Ȼ֮Ϣ͸¶һﾹȻұңмҵľ棬˾Բ֮ء˵
磬㽫˽ҽƷ
ƷֵܣòܹʱɲܳκεĲ˵
ǺǣģڶӦѾûκμֵˣҪЭұ׾ٵĽһʱƷݺݵЦ
˭Եúɻ
ҿ˹磬̳λƷص
ǺǣͰ˵ȥɣһУ֮ؿɲЦ
ƷͷзĮɱ⡣

ʱ֮С
ڣĦڴˡ
Ǻǣп湻ݵģƷСӴ˷֮УǱɣǿԳڶˣĦܺЦ
ߣΪһ
Ҫ֪ƷǼһΪǿ뽣ϵ׽ѪŵĻԺɾͺܻܿȡĵλȻգ˵Ǵ洦ڿӻ⽣֪Ǹй¶ϢǽҲҶΣĦ˵ɫ
˵ûȴǵ͹Ʒû뵽һﾹȻǵº䶯֮ٵǿߣѾõƷ磬Ҳüֵˡ˵
Ħһ㶣˵̫ˣ⽣ؿû˼ǰʲô
𣿡˵꣬һ

ɫ䡣
ʵ̫Ϥˣʱ򣬾һ㡣
͵ģ˲⵽һɿֲĿռӶã־塣
񡭡ˡ˲˵ɫҰס
ˣ˵ǰޱ飬˫֮УȴǷŭ֮⣬ŵɫҰ׵ĺЦǺǣҽʲôǰɣ
ɫ񡭡
죡Ĵ˺ĻĦŵһȴаĿɫ֮ɫ
źԴĦֵ֮ҿһǳ㡣벻㾹ȻӣңҶʧ͸ˡ
⻰Ӷûڲѡ
ĦܴӾлķӦ˹м˿־壬ھ֮£ЩӶŽ˵ҡɡıӻ
ˣ
Ħܾһ־岻һųǱӡ
ʱ򣬺ﷴ侲Žˣ֪Ѿ˲صĴܹҸ׵ӣܹΪһ˿ѪܹĹҶ
סĦʹһֱԼĸ׾ΪԼ飬Ÿе˺ڣϧһѾ޷ˣϣɡ
ߣĦֵǻĻΪǸе߳ܣ徹Ȼһ԰࣡һھǵȨˣң
һ㶣⡣
ţƷӰٶ֮ʱ
˿־𾪵ĵɴ˫ۣȻɫϲ£죬ƷͻȻ־һǵؿϺݺݵûһ
˾ֵĺ˺ڣȴʲô˵ôҲƷ羹ȻúõĴš
ôʶˣƷЦһЦݡ
ħЦӡǵԺУ׻㵲
ĦͻȻѹĽеܣ㲻Ѿô
ѾҪģҪǣǶҵƷ˵
Ħ֮ɫǷϰȻͷ״εš
Ҳ𾪣þòصĻ˿һӶƷ˵Ȼ֪ΪλЩǵչˣһܹĹҶ
ĸײĹ㣡Ʒ
ҡҸףȻҲûеʹ
֪ΪλӵѪΪڷ֮ʱҵ㸸׺ĦµĴС֮УҲûеõ̫Ϣʱ಻׵ĶҲˡ㸸Ϊ֪Ļأֶκ˼֮λиˡȴǲڴˣȺ㸸ףȸԸĹԼ׶ŹˣкʸϣƷ˵
ʲôĦֵǺ֣ŭѡ
֪ҷµأⶼҶ޹ءﻹڿΪԼĶ顣
ǸնݳҾԲκεĻƷһӰһӣһ
ݣ
ĽӹѪ
Ʒɾ䣬һͬɱӣͿ
ﾪֶĵȥ
룬ĦǰһϿġƷ˵ջ𽣡
޺޵ڵڵϵʬ壬ʹ̾û뵽ĦֵܾȻԼĶϣǿɱ
ЩˣΪһ֮ȨλϧһдۣѶŹһǳжˣϧ


1480 ֮
ϣ˵Ѿȫʧȥüֵˣ˵ѲµԲŹ塣
Դк˳Ժ˷ֺѾɱˣҲǲ˶ŭģαȥΪһʧȥֵ˶ٴȥǿأ
ӺõƷ㽻ɸԼĴ˹գͻ粻ˣҲǽˡ
ƷһҪǿʵʱռнгʱıչء
ԭƷҪȥ𸮵һſռ䣬Ҫ֪̽ʮ˵ŵĿռ
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֮£Ʒֻһרע֮ˡ
ʱռԵƣļࡣ
ڣܿʮ졣
ʮʱ䣬Ʒʱռչʮˡ
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ǣеƷ羪ϲǣڻ꾳ﵽ꾳֮󣬾˵Ϊֽˣڴﵽ꾳֮Ʒʱռʮ֮УȵĲԼȻ丳𸮵һЩ
Ĳٿأת䣬ǿ޸˲ƵǿȵȣЩеһЩƷ緢ԼѾһʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ羪ϲǣڴﵽ꾳֮󣬷ĺѾ鷳Ľںռк壬ʱҲһ룬ҲƷֱӽзںϡ
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ƷʱֻѲӣ޷ѲӣƷŲ˲˽
һЩҪԵĹ۲Ʒ֮Ҫľ衣ԶϿɶţǿеĻҲǱɣοƷ硣
ȻƷҲСģ飬еĴߡ
Ըо֮УһصҲܸоһԹԹǿС
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һͷǳȥġƷ簵󻹱ڴˣԶ޷ֻأǶôʹࡣ
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ڣѾѲˣԶϱܹر䣬Ҳܹڵһʱֹ
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ƷҲоˣԹӦԽԽǿˡֵǣһԹ֮УоĲǱʹ࣬ҲûбֳŭƺһϣһݼƺеҪȥӽƷ硣
죬⡣
Ʒ翪ʼѰ˼ţͻȻԹһˣ
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ڵԹ꣬ǼѾΪһ壬ȴʧȥеһݱûСԹͻȻ춯ƺЩԹƷЩʲô
ƷҲ˸󵨵Ĳ²⣬ԹΪһĻôֻҪΪǵһ֣֮С
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ǱߵմĻữΪһε̬Ϊʵ̫Сˣ޷Ƴȥ
ߣԶϣǺڶˣƷ簵һ˼ʶһڹͨģƷĵһȴǷκεĵֿŽеһա

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׶Ļ˻֣ڷеƷĵ˵Ϸǵ͹ˣû뵽㾹Ȼѡôȥ
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ôʹ죡ûôףŭʩ֡
ˡ׶˵еѾ㹻ˣС죬ҪǳʱϷɵòٲٵģȥɣ
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ƷЦţƺõ˽һ㣬ʢ֮¡ɣȻѪҺ壬ꡣ
ǹĹâ֮Уͬһһ㣬Ʒĵһ彥Ϊ˻ҽ


1481 ͻ
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ʱǧ֮ãҲֽ֪ħʵΣвС׶һɫֶ˵ɱ㽻ɸ㣬ҵҪǰڶͨд֮ͨǰǱҵֱжħش
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ȻǶΪƷѾ֮ʱ
ʱƷʶ̬ȴǽһ硣
硣
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ƷĸӦڵ꣬Ǵһӵ̬ƺûκε˼ʶҲûзûй»Ұãã֮С
Ʒļ룬ûӰ쵽ǣ˵ƺѾǺƽ󣬶Ʒʶ̬ҲС
ԸоԹȻأƷԾ㵵ĸоһǿµԶԶԽ
֮У̬УΪеһҲѾںΪһ塣Щ̬ȴ޷ȥֻںԶ
ǣƷɲһʶ̬ں֮ںΪһ塣Ʒʶ̬뱾ڹͬģƷԽеʶ̬ա
ĸϼһǾû뵽İɣϧˣ׼ǧ֮õҪΪҵˣƷ簵ĿЦ
ˣƷȴ޼ȥգΪƷ绹ûȫУƷгʱ䡣ԼġѾȫ˾裬ƷѾӵ˾ѵĻᡣ
ţƷȶ񣬶ڿ״̬ʶ̬ڴˡ
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ʲôɫоϢԴķ򣬾㵵ǡƷֵܳɹˣɡҲ̫ˡ
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ŭ֮£ٶǿĶչҵĹǻҲе֮֡
䣡䣡
һһľ죬ÿһε𶯣ؼ䶼һӿϮزѣٽİ˴ʹΧݳܲסӦӶڳǳнҲǳܲסѡ
ҽֽһƬƬҵĽʹһƬңҲܵһĲжôĿ£࿹
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䣡䣡
ʮȫĺѾľ˽һȻ޷ȥֹ
ʱƷϥ֮Уͬ˰ǿӵעƷڣԭƿ磬ȻƣһȫµĲΡ
ԼƷڵԪԽǿ˸ޱǿҵĻƽɫâԪŨõȫµ
䣡
һ֮죬Ʒڻس˼Ʒ絤еĽӤȻ˿ΪһǿӿƷĴ
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ûԪ֮һ磬Ǻɾ


1482 ֲʵ
Ǻ֮Ʒ簵ΪɫоǿԱǿߣ֮ͬУƷ޵С
еʵ̫ӴˣƷͻ֮󣬲޾ʹ㣬һʣ½һ塣
䣡
һ죬Ĳ֮ɽһֲľ˲ϯԲ
䣡
һ죬ǧ֮õȻ٣ʯɽ񳾡
λϣƴɾĳϮʵ̫ԶˣǿεľƶɣѪ

һƬƬҽ֮ԲڵĳǳؽԱݻ٣Ӱƶ𣬷еʯһƬƬӰΪ״
һ̣ʹ嶼ˣ磬һƬֻţˣ֪δӣ˸ɴѾķˡ
ˣţȻеһǳںΪеһĪǿǿա
䣡䣡
һһǿҵĺ
һĻǿЦ
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ʱƷĺϮѾֳһɫƣͬػְ㣬ʵʵػסƷ磬εķѾ˼޷ֹƷڡ
ǿϵǿƷ޵׶һ㣬еӴ֮ڲϵɱǿļӲ
һ̣Ʒ缸ѾҰľ磬ǿĺ֮ĴвϵתΪ֮Ʒڡ
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Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ʵôܻﵽȾ磿ɺȻ
ǺǣƷֵ˵ǾܣŵЦеѪҺƺ÷δйĿܣߣοɵóϴˣ

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һ޴ıը֮죬Ȼը٣һ޴Ľɫֱ֮Уƺͱգ֮⣬ͽȻֳһӴС
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ŭ֮ɫԭòľݣޱȡ
ģǲ֮УͽȻֳһɫӰ
ʱ˵Ŀⶼ۵ǵϵĽɫӰ֮УҲǵһʱǵɫӰϡ
Ӱ֮ʱȻ䣬ɫıֱ޷ݣһ˫Ӿö˳һţԽܵľݡ
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ĿãƷѾ׵Ļ֮УôƷ羹ȻţһͻˣʵҪԶʤԼ
ܣĽе˵ƷĳֱּһجΣһԶ޷ĨȥجΡ
ʱƷϥգ©
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ֵǣƷǿԼĹһ㣬ǿƷЧƷ֮һͬݰĽɫֻӲĽ⡣
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ƺ⵽˾޴ĴԼȫŭµǿһȻ޷Ʒֺ
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䣡
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ױ죬âĺƷĽɫ֮У˴ƺƾУȻ١
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ֱҵĹ⻪𽥵ɢȥ
ڿգһ֮ɫǷϣΪѾ㵵ļȻȥƷĽɫ֣ƷȴȻˣϣͬ޵еսһ㣬֮С


1483 
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밢˹ҲǾηĸоʱƷϢǿöôı̬׶ǵĲҲԶˡ
˹磬磬ĸϼһҶԸɡƷˣҪúõĸĸϼһ
밢˹һ㶣Ҳ֪ʵϵĲ࣬ǽֻ׵ʵѣͷȥȴʱƷѵĻǾҲƴ
һƬ䶯˶ڹǿ֮УƷλԶţħʷΪ׵һĻ
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˭Ҫۣ⻹δƷһʢһɫӰڷ
ৣৣ
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ȻƷڵĽӤѾʧȥˣΪ˺֮սȴȻڣƷΪһ壬ȫá
ؽǧΪǿ󣬵˵Ʒڣӵʮλﵽǿߡ
׶ޱ𺧣ȻûƷķս壬ȴǿԸоƷؽʵƷıЩҪǿһ֡
밢˹ܹһĻˣĿ࣬ƷչֳѾȫԽķΧ


1484 ħ
󣡡׶һ
ͬʱ䱬ǿ߾ڴ󽣣ǿֲһһ壬ǿʢİâֱӽ֡
䣡䣡
һľ죬ĹǿۣһɻذĿֲ֮ڵһƬռ䣬𶯣Ť
ƷһҲؽںϣ뱾ڣޱȣһֱǿ֮䣬ǿĺ֮°ޱ֮֮С
Ʒﵽ˺֮𽣵ƷҲ˺üΣǿʮ֮ϣȫϵֲй֮
䣡
˫֮䣬δʽɿֲǿյľ֮½ȻԶҲǷھ
֮ɽӣѣշŰ֯ľʯ䣬ѽ١Ⱥֻɢȴֲ֪δӡ
˵ǿЩʵθΪµˣǿߣҲƴĵⳬԽȻľ
ٽ֮Ľ밢˹Ȳ֮£ˡ
ʵֲ̫ˣ뵽ܻ޴ѣ֮½֮УǿгһӴĹڣܹǿֿסĳϮ
ؽںϣƷ籾ȫﵽ۷֮
ڽʩеϣҲǾĸоƷǿжôı̬ƾκһˣ޷ȥƷһ࿹
һ̣϶Ѿȫƴˣǿ󣬼Ҫ龡еƴӵµ
Ʒޱȣ־𽣣װһһٵĻس嫵ǿ֮䡣
򡪡ءƣ
ƣƣ
Ʒʵ״̬ʹƵǿɵǿô˼ľ硣
䣡䣡
죬ռ䶼ƺҪܲסƷŤ֮УȻѿһ̵Ǻۡ
̫ǿˣ
ռĲζƺҪסƷĽƣ޾ǿ֮УԿɸоһɹɿֲĽ貵â⣬ͬհ̾ǿ֮С
䣡
Ʒ𽣣Ųռ䣬һޱȾ޴ĽĿǿռ仮֣ĺ֮С
һû˿ռƣǳԽڿռĲΡ
֮䣬ȿֲ֮֮
һ̣Ҳͬʩδ֪ľ֮УͽȻӿһ޷Ŀֲ֮䣬ǿʢĹâھҵĳ֮Уĳ
䣡䣡
һֲľ죬޾ǿ쳹ٽ޷ɾĳ̼仯Ϊ˻ҽһǿֲĹƣռ׷Ťѡ
˾ֲѣ龡еӻ֮½ˣɿֲľǺ֮½
¡¡
ɽ飬ǳؽԵʵߣ֮ϽܲסǿߣҲȫ
ʹˣƷϵһǿ֮£֮½һ˲Ҳ֮ڣʵΪңҲ˶ѡ
Ʒ֪࿹Ȼ֮½ܵӰ죬Ʒûôʴȣǲܳȥϣʱħ磬ǸΪصѣƷ֮УЩԹ֮оͿԸоϲصǺĿģħʱɷҪħ磬ҲҪħ磬Ϊ
䣡䣡
ֲƻ֮þ޷ɢȥľǿʢҵĹ⻪ȫѾռе
ö⻪ʡ
ǿ֮䣬׶ϣɫͷɢѪԵ˵ǱڵѾҪȥˡ
ӿ־Ǳ֮ˣֵ̧ͷһȴǿ˺˵һĻ
Ʒֽǿ֮Уޱȣǿ࿹Ʒ羹ȻǺˡ
밢˹òղƷһʵ̫ˣֱӺ֮½ô֮½˲һ
һͲ룬׶ϣ޷֮⣬ش
Զϣ˶ѡƷ粻мһ̧𽣣ƿؾԵ֮£Ʒȫɱϡ
׶ֱҧ˫۲Ѫ˿˶Ʒʹޣľʹܡ
͵ģ׶ŭһڷ״̬
ƷĵһɫȻƷѾмϵвˡ
ȻԶ֮
䣡䣡
һǿղľһɿֲħӿϮ
׶϶ٶɫ䡣
ħͨڱˣͨеħ壬ֱӴ½
䣡䣡
ͬĺӰ֮½ӿ㳲ʹأħʹŸ㡣
ɱ
һƬƬĺɱ֮ߵħǿߣħˣɱ¾̤мʹء
ٷʹ壬ħƥУħȥ֮һУԻȥħȫɱһѪ·
ɱ¾ڳš
Ȼʹʣߴʹֿ޷ֵסڶħǿߵĹ

ҽ֮ϣķɱ¾
ս֮أȴǻδ⵽ħϮʹħΪʹ޵ĳС
˵ѾҪǳ׵İˡ
׶ͷǵѿǻˣǿ֮䣬ʴЦħ֮ħħӰն֡
ħ֮ħ׶ʹ޵Ľеҧгݣɫݺݵĳ鶯֮䣬ǧǰ϶ˡ
ħ֮ħ֮ʱһϤĽӰӶֱƷĻС
ûȡ
˼ίһ㣬ƷĻУһˡǼˡ
ԲСȣίˡƷȣϧ⡣
ίܹ㣬ѾˡϲƷ粻š
硣һϤѾͻСƷǰϲѡ
СȻûʧƷͷ֮½еһɱ¾еϤӰᣬοˣˡ
ƷֵܣҵȺհħͻЦȻɫ
ǰƷк
ǺǣƷֵܣǻǴر𾪡û뵽ʵȻܹﵽ˾磬ڷԵöˡħ֮ƷЦޱ𾪣Ϊ֮ͨ󣬻ԶгսԶǱشѾƷ֣֮Ѿκεвˡ
׶ŭѣǾȻȫˣƷǾȻ׶ϵɡ
ΪھͿԽ𣡡׶ŭ˫Ѫ졣
ߣǧ֮ǰħЩС˵ĶƣձصֻأħߵɫгŨŨĳԹŭ


1485 
Ʒֵܣĸͷޣǰɣħ֮޺޵׶˵
û⼸ϲҪˣħݺݵ˵ŭɫ
λǰСġƷ΢΢ѵ
ĸǸˣη壡ħħ֮ͬ׶϶š
׶ÿҪˣѪŭǵֲκƿأ
Ȼ֮䣬׶ϵϱȻӿһɿֲȻ֮ǰƷ࿹һ㣬ҲǶħ֮ܶԸġ
Ըо׶ڵľѪڷȼա˾֮£׶ȻڷŭѡԻ٣ȫԵķ
䣡䣡
׶ͬʱʩһȼѪ֮ӵеıǿĺƷڡ
ħ֮ɫ䣬׶ǿֹˡ
ô𣡡Ʒһ֮ڵƷػ
ţƷػֳһǿ޴ķ㣬ƷػԽƷ籾ػ׶ƴһҲԿס
䣡
һ죬ռһӴİɫƹɢ˿ƷػУɺȻĽ׶ϵػסˡ
ƷǶõػıӻˡ
׶˾ŭǾˣƴһȻ޷˺Ʒǣڵȴڷٵš
ħ֮ħӾзӦЦĸͷǵǵϣ
͵ģħ֮ħװصĳޣ˹ȥֱƵ׶ϵ
׶Ͻ֮ɫѾķκεĵֿ
䣡䣡
һ죬ħ֮ħͬʩֲĺڰֱӽ׶ϸ˷飬Ϊس
ͳǧ֮õԶϣս˻
ħ֮ħȻ˸ˣܹ˽׶ϣҲǸеΪʹ졣
Ǻǣǽˡħ֮һЦ´á
ħʱˡħЦԹǧ֮һǿжˡ
׶֮ȻϧƷȴһ˼֮ɫĽĺ
˿̣֮½֮Уŵɱ¾֮С֫壬ѪɺӣҽһƬҲ̶ãʹȫ޷ħ⣬ʵʵ̫ˡ
ȻҲϣħܹ磬˲пһĻҲĲ̣ƷʵƷ磬ϣ𣿡
ȻҪħ֮ݺݵЦǺǣħ屻ӡǧ֮ãħ˵εĲںò׿ɱ磬βôɱʹ죬һУƬײ
ƬײƷһ㶣ʵһԸ⿴
Ʒֵܣ⡭밢˹Ѿȫݵʹ壬Ϊصߣڵħַ硣
Ʒ˼Ѿãħ磬Ҳһƽ⣬ȫĻҲƷԸ⿴ġ
ɣƷŶħ֮˵λǰ͵Ϊֹɣ
Ϊֹôܣħ屻ӡ֮ʱģһħؼգضƽ磡ħ֮ݺݵ˵ƺеĳ޲޾ʹ˻⡣
ƷֵܣΪħ֮ˣ类٣ǵˣǽΪİѵ㲻𣿡ħ˵
ɡƷĮȻʹȻЩ˿ɺޣﲻ磬˼̫޹
ħ֮䣬ѵԶֻг
Ʒֵܣ̫Ѷˡħ֮
밢˹Ϊ֮ƷǾȥֹͻŭ
Ʒֵܣɫõͳ֣ص˵㽻ѣʶ֮⣬Ķ˸ͬǱϾΪ֮ǲе˻ħ֮֡
ûǲĿսһ˹ųƺƷĺøѾʼʧȥˡ
ߣʲô䣬Ȼǲ޴𣬵Ѿǿˣħߵ
ǵģȷʵǵĶ֣Ϊ磬ΪǵغǵˣǾҲֹǣȻֱŶħ֮ħƷҲΪ˵жԵӪ
ƷȻɫ
СƷ磬龹Ȼչ˾棬ѡֻȡƷѡ
ħ֮ȴʢŭħŭܺãǴҲһµ
˵գħ֮ħǿĺڰǿħӿ֣ݺݵѹ˽ˡϾǧǰǿߣҪ·硣
ȴȻ壬һ࿹׵ļơ
ƷĬѾã˫׼Ҫ֮ʱƷ羪Ȼһˣ
Ʒʵ֮ǿ֮ӵоԵ˫֮䵱֣ͣ˴ŭӡ
ʱƷ绺תƺжڶħ֮Ҳûжĺøˣ˵Ʒ羴λǰЩƷ粻ò˵ħһֱ֮Уһƽ⣬ȫ٣ħһϣ𣿶ħѾõӦеģαɱ
ƷֵܣǷɵǻȥ磬ʱеİʱ˭ΪҲԱߵˣѵ㲻𣿡ħ֮һİ˵ѣҪȥ˵Ʒ硣
ҲΪеʲôֻҪܹƽҺҵܹúõҾѾ㹻ˡƷҡͷ
ǵģλǰѾˣĲٿЩ̵ɱ¾ˣΪֹˡ
ִأħ֮˵
ǰҲֻܱǸˣһֹǡƷ˵λǰҲΪаɣ
Ʒ˵밢˹һعڶƷĺøС
Ʒ磡Ҳ̫޴ˣڵ㻹ܹƽ𣡡ħŭеƷ˺ƤۼħԹĴûᣬȻ⵽Ʒǵ
ǰĹˡƷĮȻʵҲħ֮ΪУҲħʧȥƽ⣬ˣ棬ħ壬Ҳе
ħ֮ħŭѣ֪ƷĶ֣ŭš
磬˹磬֮½ͽˡƷ絭˵
ãϲת֮½֮С
ͬʱ䣬ƷҲǷ׷׶Ϥ˴ֹͣ
Ȼɻ󣬵ⳡ̵ɱ¾ֹͣˡ
ħ֮˼Ļŭѡ
Ʒ磡ΪڵʵͿΪ㶨Ҫֹǣݹѣħ֮ŭ
λǰαأƷ缫Ϊε˵ƷҲ֪ǷǶԴƷԻֹһС
ħ֮˴ŭѣϷɫ
ͻȻʱ
䣡
һ죬Ƭ溳
䣬һޱȿֲصϢӿ̼ɨеκһ䣬ǿ֮䣬֮½еһУһδ֪ĺڰ֡


1486 
⡭
Ȼ䣬˶סˡ
ڰ٣ռֹʱҲֹͣ˵ףһ˲䶨ûܹơ
ȵԹޡ䡢ѪֲֵĸϢ˶ɵĹޣеһУеһжڰС
һ̣ȫʧȥ˹ֲδ֪ĺڰ̼ϯ棬ˣһɺڰУеһжȻʧɫ˶ֵĵɴ˫ۡ
ɿµĺڰϢ֮Уûܹ֮ܣıһ־ľ
ϢеһУħ磬λķ磬ڰϮһɺŵ׵ڸ޷֮£еһ˲䱻
ħ֮Ǿֵĵɴ˫ۣ־ʣƷǳ˾ɿֲĺڰϢͲԼܿܵģѾȫԽе룬ǲһ㣬ƬȻ飬еһжɺڰϢȫɡ
䣡
һ죬ıеʧ޾Ļ֮У޾ĺڰκεĴڣƺһжصеʼ㣬еһУڡ
ûпռʱƵĺƴڿ֮Уһ޴ĺţŨŨ֣ţţɢֵĸ
𣿡Ʒ޾ĺڰε࣬ƺһֻֻ˸ϢڶƷ磬ƺһصǣƷƮ롣
ƷѾһʧȥǵ֮壬߱˼룬ʹǣһжģеһжͻȻһĪĺڰϢɣе˶Ѿˡ
ǣƷΣ
Ҳ֪ƷƮε˶ãƺȴйصǣƷ硣
Ȼ֮䣬ƷͻȻһϤĿռ䣬ǰеţ˸ĹʣƺеĴ𰸾档
ȻƷ緢ϤǳϤ
ûﾹȻ𸮵ĵʮ߲ռ䣬ǰı֮ǰһֱδĵʮ˵ſռ䡣
ģƷε˫֣ǽдȥ
䣡
һص죬ֵǣƷ΢΢֮£žȻдˣһɺŶϵϢ˹
Ʒг󣬻ǽſռ̤롣
ߵ棬һƬãã磬ûоͷȴӵһɼΪصϢϵϢƿһеǿϢ
Ǻǣϲ㣬ѾͨҵĿ顣һ϶º͵
Ʒ羪һ£ѭȥƷ㾪㵵ļǰãã֮УͽȻֳĵϵӰ
һŮɷǣ¶ţʳϷ׺͵ЦݣƷ˵ǰȴԵ÷ǳС϶硣
ηѭȥƷĿһλݹɷ֮ʱסǰ
ǺǣϷڿɲǽɣƿؽ֮Ľ𡣡΢΢һЦ
𣿡ƷȻ
Ǻǣûҵˣƿֽߡԭʼƿ޽磬Ԫƿ磬ƿ磬ʼƿֽڵħ֮磬ϷƿصıδȥĽ֮硣Ц
𸮵ԭǣƷ粻ʡ
Ϊԭʼ𡣡һλȻİӳʵ
ԭʼ𣡡ƷһȻ򣬱㹧ƷݼʦƷյңܼʦ
Ǻǣ㲻ؿѾӵ˼̳ʸԺҵȱ֮ͬλԭʼͰЦ
̳ʸ񣿡Ʒ羪
ûʵǹƬ֮ʱɱ硣֮ʱֻؽʧȥƽ⣬ħƿֻؽֻΪֻؽƽ⣬ħһͬ䣬ʱ֮ãħٶȵȴҪһλµֻ̳ߣѡеˡԭʼȻ
ħֻǸղȥһжģƷ羪㵵
ħٶȵĴڱǻ𡣡ԭʼͷֵҲǹ֮ʱֵı׶ˣɱ¾ޡԹޡеһи֮ԿɳΪҲ֮Ϊħħɱ¾и֮þħŻһ
ûˡƷԵޱȵʹ࣬еһжˣӣˣѣеһжıˡ
Ǻǣ㲻ʧܹħֻܼ̳ƿȨӵвٿֻ֮һнԿɸաԪЦ
ԸգƷȻִ󱯴ϲĸо
ȻԪ΢΢ͷ
ҲΪҪѡңʵ˵ҲеˡƷޱȵʵ
Ǻǣǲûѡ㡣˽Կйѡѡе˱֮ĸħޣϧڤϣע䣬޷̳ʸ񡣡Ԫ̾Ц
Ϸѡ֮ˣʶĽϧޣҲɵΣҲʧȥļ̳ʸ񡣡̾
ԭ˵λǿ߱ǽߣƷ羪
Ǻǣ֪Ħ˹ҲѡеˡʼЦЦҡͷ̾ϧѶϣרУָҲ޷ӹ˵ı硣
󣬱ĳ֣㲢֮У磬ҵȶ޷ƿˣǱһͬѡ㣬ǱöصĿ顣Ժܸߣڰټ֮壬ܹԼȥػػ֮ˣҪһǿ֮ģһĿ飬ѾͨǵĿ顣˵ˣ棬ħĴڣȻеԣħħԣ߼аԴȴԶ޷ĨȥΨȥӦĹ򡣡ԭʼЦ
ƷܵλߵϿɣʵΪաƷֵ̿
Ǻǣħҵȱֲſɽع֮⡣ԭʼЦ
ţããĿռ֮УۺһɼǿصƷ绹δӦǿ㳲ӿƷڡ
ƷԡʥĹϴ֮Уڵĺ֮ʼõ˼αǵתһɺŵռƷ֮С
䣡
һ죬âڣһ֮Ϣӿ
ʥ֮£ƷѳϵѾȫ췭ظı仯ӵǿ֮ƿһе֮
һ£ƷƮ֮ǰ˸žâƷѾļ̳֮
λǰƷױħƷ繰ֵΪƽ֣Ϊȥ˸ƷȻ
ǺǣȻѾ̳֮㻹δƿֻؽȨǻЭ㣬ΣһжҪ컯ˡԭʼЦ
ƷһͬգѾΪһƬ޾նڰĺ硣


1487 ֻ
޾ĺڿգҵ
ƴ֮磬ȴǴһ޴ĺӰ
Ӱûй壬еĸγɡ
ಣಣ
Ʒһͬ֡
ħʱоƷǵĴڣŭһһеĻ֮µĺڰ֮ӿƷǡ
𵱼һ֣ͬǿ֮ӿǿнɿֲĺڰ֮赲Ȼ˲ɢĴ޵ħǿס
֮ԭʼһһΰĹâȴǰޱǿ֮ھħ֮С
𣡡ħʹһϵ𵴳ֲĺڰ֮
Ԫ֮ԪϱһâǾ޴âǹһ㣬ݺݵھħڡ
֮
Դ֮
֮
һͬͷųǿ֮ͬһǿ޴ס˾ħħʹŭȴ޷ĺ
ţһͬƷ磬ɫءǶ֪Ҫ볹׵ħǶֻؽƿȨħӵֻؽеи֮
ƷǾħȻ֪Լϵĵжôĳء
ȻƷ羹ȻһΪ󵨵ľٶ
͵һ£Ʒ羹ħ֮ڼȥ
һĻȻʧɫƷľٶʵ̫ðˣƷʧܵĻħ𶼲֣֮ʱΣ硣
Ʒ羹ھħڣֵĸ֮ϵĳƷĻ꣬ݻپƷ־֮
ҲףƷȻðգǳɹ˵ĻƷ粻ںվħ֮ƿֻ֮ԳΪǿ
ڣֻܼѹƣסħǿĸƷںջŻ
ʱƷȫ޾ĸ֮У弸Ҫ˺ѣҲҪѣΪȵʹ࣬񱩵ĥƷ硣
Ʒ־ѾһЩңеĸռƷԺ֮УħƺҪȥռƷ塣
һ̣ǿ֮ƷԺ࿹
ҲԵúܼȣʧܣһоͽĲڣҲֻܽеѺעƷϣǹͬѡеˡ
Ʒ缫ס֮УƷѾӴ֮ħƵĸ֮ƷܿӦǿĸ֮
ȻƷ翪ʼᣬա־֮УͽȻһޱǿصƿ׵
䣡
һεľ죬ħںƴĸ֮ʼ⣬Ʒǿա
ħоܵ˼вҪƷѡƷŹλᣬһѹƣħеĸա
䣡
һ죬ħӴ屬ը˿ֲĸڰ֮ӿ˿Ȼֿٵľۻء
ţһǿҵĲɫâһԴУںϰе֮
Ϊ㵵ǹǿҵĲɫԴȻǲɫԴ֮УֳƷӰϴԡһصĲʹ⣬һɳԽ֮˵ϢɢԽ
ȻƷ˫۾ɿֱһ˵â⡣
ϲϲƷֵܲƿֻ֮ƿ֮֮ϡϲǰ׷׵ϲ
Ʒڴ˸лλǰûλǰƷ࣬ƷεºܡƷ繧ƷжǿƷ˵ԶƷǰ
ħƷ֮ƽ⸴աЦĵȴعƽ⡣
Ǻǣȥ˸ԭʼЦ
ԴԴԺƽ֮Уûƣһж¿ʼɡƷҡҡͷħĵֻؽʧ⣬Ϊ֮У̫ĸ֮
һж¿ʼɡ̾ȻϾһͬµ磬һжع鵽ԭ㣬Ҳһп
Ӵ֮عԭ㣬ƽƽ棬е¿ʼһȫոµľ档
ȻƷҲԼ˽ģΪƷѾҪӺǡ
źǣԼĸĸѣѱħѾ޷иˣȴӵתĻᡣ

ˣʱʮ֮á
ƽ֮УʼĳһЩµǽ¿һµļԪ
ʱһ޵Ŀռ֮УȴǴһʵȻĴԺⲢݻȴһΪʥĵط
ƷǣǶѾˮҲȫָѾﵽ˱֮
ˣˣ
һϲһһ䷿֮С
ȱڴͷЩƣۣȴǷϲõЦݡ
ʱ򣬰˿ȴǱһΪɰӤӤûޣˮӣǰİ硣
ҿ
Ҫ
ҲҪ
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֮УȵСǣȴȿֺʵһ̽ͷӤȥ
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