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ݼ飺
Ҷ屾һӶ죬ɱϣһΣִʱΧΪ⣬޼½޼½ǧ˲޶ħȴֻ죡
е֣ӣӵ֣һŭԭӵ֣һЦ죡
ȼɭϣֲûе֮ˣ󲿷Ϊūūӡʵ֮ӵȨˡ
Ҷ޼½Ϊū˶ħ񶷡춷Ҫһ񡭡
ûˣȴĽ


һ ޼½


1 Ҷ
Ҷ壬ʮ꣬һأ͵ʣ
һԴ֮ɫ˵һŰ񰸼ԺǸɫۣʮĿ꣬üˡ
߷ֱŰҲڰԣͬĽۣ֮أǸֱɵĹ㳡㳡ʯ̾ͶɣʯЩ൶֮ĺۼ
ǰۼٸ꣬һľվȺǰݣһͷĺڷͦȻ㲻ӢȴҲǳͿֻɫ̫԰ˣǻزһ
ĿǻǣǿնǶ˻һ
ٺ٣ҼǵҶɵӰǰһ˰ɣȺ˿꼥Ц
һƷ似ٴһҲѧˣɵӾȻѧ궼ûѧᡣһѾ漣ˡȺִЦ
治ִ֪Ϊʲôܽڣ
ֻŵӶѣٴܲܰϳڰɣ
ʮ֮ǰΪͻƲ徳أͻᱻϳȥ£ʮˣᱻϳȥ
û֮ͻƵ徳أܣ
ǵ۵ʱȿ˵꿴Ҷ壬Ц㾿ĴĲʲôУ㲻ʲôУھͿڣڲҪ
ǽСҶ塱̧ͷ꣬ԭնĿͻȻһĨһ;ѪԪ߸տʼʱڵѪǱ̹ΪŸ׶ΣΪأ
ɫ΢䣬漴ʵ֪֪Ÿ̾ʲô
һأȫ⣬ͨ似˶ȫ֮ýʵӦܵжΧҶĬƬ̲ԥԥĿڻش
Щ似мأᱳ˲𣿡Ц꣬ҲûһأһغȻ겻徳ڶءִǵһμ
Ⱥм̲סЦ˳
ʮٴβԵʱ㻹徳һأʰشҶǸ֮ȥˣЦһȥ
༸
ߺȺв˼Ц
ѹֱ˻ɵִûʸڣ
ٺ٣ľСϺȣ𣿡
û֮ŵӵѡˣʱСһжӲסľõɾͶˣ
ֵУʵУľʵûɵӣľҲûмܳΪŵӣ
˵䣬㳡ϵѾߵ߰˰ˣ겢ûߡ
һĿ࣬ŹߵҶߣҶļЦܣҪãҪ˵ʲôȥ˵ɡ
磬˵û쿪ʼץʱʮʱ䣬϶ͻƵ徳ڶصġһĳЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ
£Ҳ뿪˹㳡

ںܴȺɣư磬滷ɽ泯һƬãã޼ʵĴȻּɣֻ޼½ϣǧеһѡ
ڷֵֱǶڵƹܡÿֱֵַϵķùɣֲȼɭϡ
޼½ϣУֱѪԪ
ֻаѪеѪȫлԪĪ⣬ǿޱȵأֻĿʼѣ˶޷أֻ
ʱҶѾصǵľס֮أľԺ
ڣղǱɵӡҶ壬˫ͷڴϣѾٻǡն
СҲ̫ˣҶҡҡͷҶôҲһӶܱ˵Ǵ
˿Ҷڵ꣬ѾԭҶ壬һһꡣ
Īƽ棬һҶϣҶ
һӶһȥչִʱ򣬱ѳΧʮ֮ǹ硣
Ҷ壬ΪͻƵ徳ڶأȻû˽ʮԪʯȥһҩɢ֪ô£徳ڶصʱʧˣҩɢķֱ֮Ҫ
ǹҶڣȡǻûҶԺеļ꣬Ҷͱ˷䣬ȥμӸղǸȥˡ
ûʲôƽ棬Щѧҵ£ҹôʲô
ҶҡҡͷԭҶļ䡣
ʱҶ̫ѨЦСҲ̫˰ɣиδޣȻҲֻﲻҸ˵
СӾȻڴҶҶֻµһСѣڲ峤ڴԣڵ˴ҶΪӡҶ
֮⣬֪顣
磬Ϊ޼½޼½Ⱥ֮أΪ
޼½ϳӵиֲ˼ߣǿȫɽЩ֮ôǿΪǶС
⣬޼½ϵһˣӵһֱΪ֡ĶֻҪӵе֣λעһȣ츳Ҳضͨ˸ߡ
к֣֣ܶƿػ棬ֱѩ֣ԲٿرѩЩȻϵ֡Ȼϵ֮⣬ϵֲ֣ϵ֡ϵ֡Ȼϵ֡
ӵеĵ֣Ϊҵ֣Ȼϵ
ӵеֵھһ
Ǹ羫ʶˣҶ촽ǳ˷ܣǰһźսϲðյģһҲˡ
ݵ˷ܹҶȻҡͷЦһﲻǲÿѪû취ڵ棬ȫĪʧˣ
⣬ǿΪʵϵ磬ûй˵ʵʹ粽У
У޷ڵڴѪ⣬ʮ֮ᱻڣĵ¡
ô£СӵĵΪʲôܴѪҶüϸԺеļ䣬ʼûҵڡ
ǰٶȺܿ죬ڴҶϵһǴҶһ徳һصˡҶǺ֮ΪͻȻ䣬Ȼʱ徳һأǰʲô£


2 
ô£Ҷ˼⡣
˼ʱķ⴫Ų̧ͷһűصƿſڡ
ʲôˣҶˡ
ȻôͰˣǸݴЦ
Ҷɫ΢䣬˭ˣ˵𣬺һҲǶˣֻõˡ
һݿƣǶսõˣҩɢҶ壬ӺǰǸҶˡ
ҸʲôҶĿһ
ߣΪġЦ˵ˣ뿪ڣңԲ׼κ˵Ǽ顣
ҶЦ˵Ĵʯ֮Ů
ѣҶ峤ȣʯŵѴ޸峤֮ӣ峤ûдӦʯŭǺҶ峤˵иֵܣΪˣֵܵŸӽô¡
ʯҶ峤ѴǸŸӡ
ǸŸӣҶ壡
֪ҶǸ޷ķӦ£ǾҶ壬ǰǸҶǳųҶ˵ʲô
죬ǴȻвҶˡ
㲻Ǹķѣȵʮ󱻸ߣھ뿪Ц˵ˣ뿪ĻԸһ㲹
˵𣿡Ҷ嵭ڡ
ƺһ㶣ôˣ
˵˻ǿԹˣľԺǸĵطҶ嵭ڡ
СȻҸô˵Ц
ҿǣľԺﶯ֣ºѰȻ뿪ҶЦ
ͷɫ䣬ûõľõסĵط£϶ᱻȺŹ
ߣСǵƣЦҾͲԶҲľԺ
ԶľԺһЦתȥƽ
Ҷͷƶ徳صΪѾʼǣԸңһûа취ѲһӲľԺ
徳أ
һأ⣬һŻӵٽʵӦܵжΧ
ڶأһţԽһǧȫǿͣݣܵˡ
أĤԽǧȫƤĤʵסһƤţƤһܱͣʮ˰ΧҲսʤ֮
أǣԽǧŰٽȫӲǿΪݣǿܵʮˡ
أ࣬ӵ֮ͨʹǿ󣬺ԶƳаˡ߼籼Ծ鶯񣬿̤նС
أ裬ǧϣȭ似Ѿ衣
أѪǧϣǿ֮󣬽ȫѪҺȻһ£ˣܵˡ
Ѿ£ǿޱȡ
ƺΪ徳أҶǵĶ֡
һĵ﾿ôˡҶҡͷЦ
徳ڵص϶ѣȻҲųȻһЦ
Ҷɫһ䣬ĿĹˣûˡ
˭Ҷɫصʵ
ˣϷ㱳󡣡ղǵ
Ҷ弱æתȴûпκˡ
׳գ㱳ľ棡
ľ
Ҷһæȡľ
ֻҪоľܿϷˡľ洫һ
Ҷԥˡ
ߣ㲻Ǹ徳һضȶķѣϷ㲻ľдЦ
Ҷоľ
һ̣ͻȻ赹ľžһ˵ϡ
ʶľУһʵĿռ䣬ʵĿռУȻһŰµˣǷòͷڼϣĸо⡣
Ϸȴ㡶׽ϴ蹦еʽԳ׼ǱҿãϷֻһ飬һʮȭ
˵䣬ѾʼȭֶȭХеʱѸеʱȴҪĶ࣬ϣɳжȣĿĸо
Τƣ
˱ߴȭʽƣժǻƣקţβƣ׺ƣŹƣƣ׺ƣʳƣ
һʮȭҲ˵һʽظĴΣȻͬһУǵڶγȭʱζȴˣ˷˼
ڣ˰ʮȭ꣬Ҷ˵СӣǲǵסͿԼ컯ˡ
㾿˭Ҷʵ
Ϸ˭˵Сӻʶ𣿡Ц
ҶĿһʵԴӰǰҼľ֮һֱڽ𣿡
ȻЦңʵΪҲһֱͣ徳һء
Ҷɫһ䣬˳ЩѪ
ٺ٣Сӣ𼤶Ѫһ׾似ҲԿЦ
ȻѪ˲ԼҶ̲ס˳˵
˵⼸ָո꣬Ҷ͵˹ֱͦͦ˵ϡ
ղ𣿡Ҷ崭Ŵؿڲס
ãҶҡҡͷӦòΣ˵ҵ似Բм١
뵽Ǹ˾ȻǰǸҶѪȫˣһǰǸҶʹǰǸҶǰѾ似ˣҶǰǸҶ岻ֵ
ˣԿǡ׽ϴ蹦еʽɡ
ҶЦҡҡͷ뿪˷䣬˷⣬ľԺһУһӡ
һӣˮڣľԺƺƵȥҹᴩ˰֮ĴҶȻȥǷǳ嫣ȴǷԲǧڵһӡ
Ҷûͺƣȭ
ǰͷḻս飬ǰǸţȻʽܸӣǻѾȫˡ

лصҶȭХҶ׷ɡ
ԽҶԽоȭо嶼ÿ缡ⶼ䶯ڱǿ˵ûȭȷʵԼǱò˶ãҶƾܰһ顣


3 ֵ
ȭХҶѾѡʽʮ飬ÿδȭȫļ
ʽȻҶ尵ԾȻʽֻаʽȴ̺޾ı仯ѧ츳Ȼȫʽȭİ
޼½似Ϊס˽סؽסףÿַΪƷǰǸҶ塱ļֻģĸԣҶ޷ֱԼġʽʲôƷ
Ȼ֪ȭʲôƷҶԿ϶ȭƷԲ͡
Ҷţ׽ϴ蹦ԲֹǷףʽô似
Ҷ壬оԼ˺ü
֪Ҷڶ̶̼ʱڣ˿϶÷˼˼顣
޼½徳һصߣᳬһǧͨ似ǱҲ߰ٽҵһЩ츳˵߿˰
ƺ徳صĸ֣ѾʼǣмǧҶ˽һ׼似ʱҲǷƵ˵Ķ֡
ңУдҩĺ̺Ѫ֮⣬򼴱ŬΪҲڸûЩԴԪʯڲǰȥҩɢˡ
ƺǰǸҶ塱ҩɢƸǼٵġأǸڳǰǸҶ塱Żʹֶơ
ϣ׽ϴ蹦ܰҾ⣬񣬵ΪһЩȥһЩ񣬻һЩ׵㣬ȻȥһҩġҾͲţƺһֱľԺ档
Ҷǣֿʼȭ

ȭХ𣬵Ҷȭ𣬽Ż˷ĩ

ҶʱľԺڵһ䷿䵱УǰҶ塰ܡǸ꣬ԼǸҶΪ硱Ŀ궼ڷڡ
ΪˬǴҶ峤֮ӣǸǴҶ峤ӡҶĸױΪҶ峤Ϊȿˬĸ׶ԣˬĸһֱҶ
ˬĸ׳ΪҶ峤֮󣬱λ֮һ峤Ҷ壡
ȻˣǿˬҶ˹ϵȴǳãûΪ峤֮λ͡ţˬҶ֮С
磬ղ˿ƺȥ˶
սúúʹǳ׽ѾΪ˴߹Ҷܣ϶ΪܺʹĻ£ˬЦҶҪȢ˭ֲ棡
˵ţˬѾ뿪˷䣬ӷһǳһ˳ǹȥ
ľԺ֮⣬ƺûԶ
ԸǣҲҪɵŪߣǸûɣôȥ˵
죬ǲҳˣҪԸЩѡüҲ֪СôˣǰֱǵûУȻľѹǡ
ûǵҩøϣüͷ
ȻľԺĴſ߳꣬ǿˬͳ
ˬƺɫԱ䣬ˬľõһţȻȷС꣬ȴڷ֮ǰء
ˬҶ֮Ĺϵ˭˲֪
ľãǸĵطˬһ
ƺɫѿͬʱЦһô磬Ϊŵ𣿡
ĳȻŵӣɱȴ練ƣϢ֮ڣǲߵĻǾԶ뿪ˣˬЦһͻȻų֡
ѳǹ˿ˬϣճǹˬƶȻһ䣬ͻȻ˲٣ֲƣŵ÷ƺĺ˼
ƺһۣҧߣ
ಣಣתߡ
ҪÿĳٿҶܣˬɱսúȡˬЦ
ľԺſڲ֪ʱһ꣬Ҷ壬ԺˬǱ˳ǡĿ˸ղһĻ
ҶֵܡҶ忴ճǹޱȵĿˬһǰǹӶȴֵּཻܣһ֪Լֵֵཻܡ
磡ȻҶ塣
ܡˬתҶ壬Цܣֻ棬Ժǲˣ
ҶЦл磡
ֵ֮䣬̸ʲôл֣ˬЦҶ壬Һڿ²ˣţϻȥһˡ
ʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
ˬҶļЦʲô£綼㿸š
Ҷ忴ſˬͻȻһǰδеů
ٺ٣磬Һʹڣ۴Ҷʲô㶼õġЦ

ûжʰ뿪ڣֱҶȥһȥˣһĿ꣬ǿˬѡ
Ҷڰ˰֮صһͲ䣬ӵкü徳صǿߡڵ峤ҲǿˬĸףǳԽ徳Ĵڣϧ֪ʲôԭ򾳽䵽徳۷塣
ҶһɽУĽȫľʯɵʯݣӡΪ˵޵ϮŻþʯ췿ݡ
޼½ϣ֮⣬ǿޱȵޡ޵ǿޱȣճҲɱ徳µߣԣܶûе֣޷Щɵ齨˲䡣
Ҷ˽˴ҶûǾһߴʮɵľʯݡ
ʯʮ׳ľʯʮΧʯѪʢߡʯϷǸʮĿ󺺣ŭǿˬĸ׿أҶ峤
ҶĸɣֱǿϡҶϡϡϣҶҶˡ˿ڴˣĴĳϡ
Ҷ˿غ֮⣬ĳж¶֮ɫ
峤Ѿˣʱ̸˰ɣڿ·һŵЦ
㣡ҶһһĳϣͻȻ׿ΪʲôͻȻǴٻˡ


4 
տʼʱһһ壬ڿذҶһ峤֮λûʲôΪҶĸǴҶӢۣв֪ǿޣһһε˴Ҷ
ԣҶ峤֮λû˲˵˲ҲҶ˵ʲô
ԴҶ˰Ҳû徳ڶأ˿ʼˣϺϣһЩҶϵ˾ҶǸ޷ķԴҶ𵽴Ҷ֮⣬ı·
峤飬ȡҶ峤̳ȨһĳȻڡ
Ҳ޳ֳϵ飡˵ͷ
Ҳ޳ɣϵͷͬˡ
ʣµĳϹͬⲻͬѾûˣֻҪ峤סѹҲͷͬ⣬ôҶͽԶʧȥ̳дҶ峤֮λȨ
سĬˣڶʱ÷ǳ
Ȼˬվ˳֪λϾ˭ʸ̳һ峤֮λ
ĿһЦ֮ҶУǿֶҲ˵
ˬǴҶһţǿ֮ӣȷʵʸ̳峤֮λ
Ҷһ峤ֻҶܣκ˶УˬҶ֮⣬ҿˬ˭Ҳ˭뵱峤ʤɶǹ
˿֮⣬೤޲ɫ䡣
Ҷ忴ǰǸߴıӰа̾һӣ
ֶ֪Ҷ徳һѾˡҶһ峤ĸǴҶӢҲУ
ûҲԲͬ⣡༸Ҳһ˵
һ峤غȻˣһûأǾ͵ȲҪ峤𣿡ʢѪϱյͨ죬ޱȡ
ɫ΢䣬׷ױ졣
ٿ峤峤֮λʱ򡣡ЦˣҲ٣
峤ôɾڲˡ˵峤֮λĹΪ˴Ҷ룡
೤ϵ˵ͷ峤
ĿһֳۣҶ忴ȥ̾磬ôһӣȴܰɲţ㰡
˵Ц
ȻʱһЦ𣺡֪峤ϾãҪӵʲôܼ̳峤֮λ
ɫһ֮𾪣Ϊ˵˾ȻҶ壡ɵһųȻҵô೤ϵ濪˵оɡ
ˬͳҲЩ⡣
ݵĳԾԴЦ˵ʮ֮ΪٲͻƵĻͻᱻϳڡûϳڣ峤֮λģ
Ҷ忴೤ϣЦҲλϵ˼𣿡
೤ĵ˵ͷ궼δͻƣδʮͻȻͻơ
ãҶûڸϳλϿɲҪ
ǺǣˣһЦ룺һѣᱻϳ
룺֮󣬵ץʱˡ
峤ʱͻȻ˴
ص̧ͷȥһŮΪǸŮʮңһɫۣòʸ߹ΪȻѾ徳أֲ֮Ůĸɫ۵꣬һǵҶ
Щˣغȫ
ǰŮȻ֮Ů
Ҷ˱ò˵СȷʵˣٹĻԲ֪ˡ
αض񣿡Ц
һЦʵ֪ҶΪ£
Ҷһ¡Ц
صıȻЩȻ֪˵ǡ
ԸӦú˵ĻԲջЦֻҪȥͰ˵ȡҺ˻Լһͬģ
ţ
ʱ÷ǳ
¡ĳ˲ܴӦ㡣سĬƬ̺󻺻ڡ
ߣ㣬Գһ壬ǲԾܾЦ
죡
ǣĵ˵ͷ
壬Ͳٿһ𣿡ʵ
ˡѴ˵
˵ʲôһЦȻôǰ峤Ӧ㣬ûпǹ峤ĸܣ
˿ȥ˵˾ȻҶ壡
ôˣзǳɡ
˭ºʱֵʣתĿҶ塣
㲻Һ˵ȡԼ峤ΪҶˣΪβܹʣҶЦ峤ȹ㲻м峤ҲˣȻ峤
ʱ壿Ц
ĵλȻǺôҲһ֮㵱ôҶ˵Ҫȥ˻飬ʲôҶƽȻ֪ܵ˵ûУΪ֮Ůѵ֮߳Ķû𣿡
ҡ˵Ҷ絶ֵȻ˲֪߳ܣƾʲôʸ񿴲δɷӦɷ򿴲Ŷԣ
˵ҶֿЦԹʱ˵Ů˻ģ˻֮󣬰㸸ںεأְδɷںεأĿˣ֪ܵŮˣͶ̥ΪŮ
㡭ĺ˼ȫ
˿Ҷ壬㵲ѣСҶ
ͻȻӴӳһҶǡ
ߣһһֻѪ纣˰ƺһɳȥء
ҲûһۣĶҶ壬㾿˭
ҾǸɷ򣡡ҶЦˡ
ݾ䣬ðŻָɨҶһۣ£Ҳǵģǵƣ˵ţѾӳ˴ٶȿ÷˼
˼æ׷ȥ
ˬȻЦŴȥͬʱߣ
λϣˡҶ屧ȭһЦת߳˴ˬͳ
ǸղŵľǲǴˡ˿ԶȥıӰɫѿ


5 Ϊ˸
뿪󣬿شҶ˴ҶĳʯڣʯֻһʯʯиƣдţҶս֮λ
ҶսҶĸףҶһ峤
£رҶ˵
Ҷ˹˵ϡ
ǿ֪ôģ˵
ĪǴ󲮵飿ˬʵ
һ꣬Һʹ˫˫ͻƵ緢뿪ҶȥػڣΪ߷㣬һΪңֻΪҶɡֵ츳ҸãҲӢܿҵһλ֪
ĸסҶ
ҲҵһλԼұȴֿ죬һӡƿЦɩҲУǾشҶǺҺʹһˣ
˵ȭͷ˿˴ɩߴɩȻͬ⣬Ǿͺ˽е֣Ǹĵ֣类ˣɩҲΪȴˡ
ᣬ˵ˬĸ׾Ǳɱġ
ˬȭͷһֵ˾˭
ҶҲſء
û˵˵ݣ˵ֻûþ͹ˣɩˣټϴֵĹľ𣬿ǿˣѷ󣬴ɩȥˡ
Ҷ岻ᣬ֪ǰǸҶ塱ǰҶǸ¶û飬һȴᵽˡ
ȻѾ㣬ôĳͽɡҶ̧ͷſأһʵ壬˾˭
Ӧü˵
ǼҶһۣ𾪡
ڵү֮һʯɫ
Ҷ˶ݡ
ұΪûлᱨˣһᣬҾʯŮҽǶڣΪľǵΪɵʱɱʯ
һû˵֮ʯŮҶ壬Ϊ˱Ҷ塣ƻʧˣҶʹлԼķϣҶһ
ԼĶӺӣΪԼǷҶս
ǰ֮ԲǣΪ̫ųؿҶ壬ЦҷˣҲһأгˣ
壬һṼģҶȻ
Ҳʧģˬɫ
常һλֳģһֵ

ûãҶ뿪ʯݡ
ҶͿˬ˷ֿһɽ·ɽµһӣӰһʯݡӴӻһȦҶճŶȥΪĪӡ
ʯסŵˣǴҶߣȻȴǴҶһߣҶ˶ΪǰҶ֪Ҷһˡ
ﻹһˣһʮŮǰŮĪĪȥ͵̾ƸҶȣҶÿһʱͻһΡ
ʯݣҶƼһ£ױŮΪһ̵ֳֿڵʯߵƣɫģɢ̵ζ
ǰǸʮĺߣ۽ǺͶͷϲƣţҶ룬ʱӦúӢ
ɵˣŮ˵ĽеŮĪ
ҶɵɵģԾҶȡ˸ţûʲô⡣
ҶСĪߵ£Ц̾ƺȣҵȻҪ
ǺǣСѾͷѾܾˣ˵ˣͲҺȾơЦ
Ҷ岻ݸ
СĪƤĵ˰һۣͷ
һЦҶ壬˵ɵȻܽѧ䣬ȴԽʯԸԸѧ
Ҷһ֪峤Ҫѧ̣Ǳܾˡ
ôĪ㲻Ը𣿡Цˡ
ȻԸ⣡Ҷæͷ峤ѧĶԼѧԲԿ
Ҷ壬ЦɵңʯҪʲô
ҶĬƬ̧̣ͷŰشľ
ûľ¶֮ɫЦ̶ƿطǳҪ̫󣬻̫С޷̳õʯ񡣴ӽ쿪ʼÿ춼ȥһʯ壬ſ֣ʯܱʼʱûѰ취ֿȥֱ֣ʯϿΪֹסÿֻܿһΣֻһλᣬ̲ȥڶٿ̣
΢٣ɫŰĻһҪȥض벻ջ񣡡
Ҷ壬Ҷǲİ˵ȥֻܿҶˡ
ҶɫȻĵͷʣȵҰֿȥˣҲܵʯ𣿡
ǡЦֿܰȥʱһٸ㰲
ҶԽԽ棬׻ʲô
Ͳÿˣ쿪ʼɣȻвѵĿԣʱӺ㻹ʲôҵĻʺˣûеĻͻȥɡߵʯ񣬱ЦŸҶ˵
Ը˵˵ֵ𣿡ҶڴĿŰ
֡ЦֿԸǿҪѵ֣ߣڣյ־ѡ徳һصߣһ˾ѣܴһǱͻᱻʡȥ˲ٿޡ
־ѣȻԼǱ
ݵĳԾҶסʵ˼˵ÿ˶е֣
˵ֵǿȻҲӵУ
ҡҡͷÿ˴ӳʼѾעûеֻ֣ǵδѣҪ
ʯҵ˶õ־𣿡Ҷʵ
ֻҪȷʵܾѵ֡˵ͷ
ѵӵеֵļ⣬˾Ͳӵе𣿡Ҷ忴ŰЩġ
˵ûʲô⣬ͨ˲ӵе֣Ҳ⡣˵һЩӵеֵļûˣǵһһ߶ûУҲ޷֣ǻԵɺϡ
Ҷ峹ˣӵе֣ΪҶսҲûе֣
ʱ˵ĳ䱻ӵе֣ͻᱻȥ飬緢ӵеĵֲĻͻᱻʱӵеҲδǸ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ϊʲôֲͻᱻʲôĵֲ㲻
ǺǣɵóһЩ֪ٱ˲֪£ȴκ¶֪ҡͷЦˡ
ҵѾˣҶЦЦ߳ʯݡ
ȥɡһЦ
Ҷ뿪ʯݡ


6 
뿪ʯݺҶ塢ˬ˻ϣ뿪˴ҶǰˬҶ岻ҩɢԪʯԼҶһЩ伫ˬͳҶ
ҶԶǻҰҶÿλشҶСĽҲΪҰڶ࣬еãпܻأصޡ
һּޣҶΪûκĻᡣ
Ҷ˸ոҶʮ֮ԭʼУƼһȺˡ
ֺҶ壡ɫ΢䣬ǰȺҲǴҶˣΪ׵˺ҶһҲڡ
ʯ˴ҶʮԣֺҶ˲ܽڡ
ֺ˲֪Ҷ£ƼҶ壬Ͼ¶˼֮ɫ
ȻҲ峤ֺߡ
伫ѧᣬȫǸ׳գҶҪ峤֪ᱻЦҶЦ
ҶҶһҲҶϵˣǿҶ塣ҶһһţǵλȴȲһ᲻ʣ
ĻȽأû¶ʲôɫЦ֣ҲҪ𣿡
ˬ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ĻǽͬΣЦʵλ˲޵Ƥ⣬;ƻɧš
ҶֺҲЦˣ磬Ȼˣһ·ɡ
֪ˬԸֻҪͬһ벻ܾȻҲ֪ԲڿˬǰҶ壬ˬԻϷ
ȻΪ峤֮λлĻҶҲҶ壡
ˬЦŵ˵ͷðɡ
£ǽ̣ڷǰ
˼ʱͣϢһ£ּ·
Ȼɫ΢䣬ʾ˲Ҫȫͣ
һ뵵Ư֣˶ʱȫޱȣȫë׶Ϊ֮ſ
ҩˬֺ˵Ͼ¶ϲɫ
ҩҶĿһ
ڱҩҶ巭Ժеļ䣬˽⵽˲Ϣ޼½ҩģûԵҩռ󲿷֣ΪҩԵҩıΪҩڷҩ˵ҩҪٵöࡣ
ЩģģļУҶֻ֪ҩԵĸߵͣƺΪƷƺиߵƷô֡
ŵζ϶Ǳҩɢģҩɢҩ
ҩѾԣÿһʱһλԪڣʱ򣬱ҩͻͷųڱҩ˵ÿλΣյʱ̣пܻᱻ˷֡
˵õƷҩµĻΪ˲һ磬õƷҩĻĸҲпܣƷҩҲû롣
ҶֺﲢҶ˵õҩ̰
ժ߱ҩҩ϶ˬķ
˽ҶһۣҲ֪ڴʲô⡣
ҶҲоԼĽţҶ룺Ҳ֪νıҩܲͻƵ徳ڶأ
ԽԽŨÿһˬòڡ
ڣеһ̶п˱ҩ
ҩƯں̶ϣһɫӨ͸ҶϵľͺѪһ
һɫϼΧ俪ֱɵĺ̶ƻã
ҩķΧȻһٶɣ𾪣ſϲ
ƷҩҶĿһҩƷҩ㸲ǵķΧж
ҩʮڣΪƷҩҩڰ֮⣬֮ڣΪƷҩҩ֮⣬˰֮ڣΪƷҩ
ǰ䱦ҩҩ㳬ԽһɣƷҩɣ
ˬͳõһ걦ҩҪʮ죬֮ڶܾͻƣ
ͬʱҶһĨɱǸͿˬ˷걦ҩ
ȻǺõҩǲҶ֣ؿ徳۷ĸ֣ټϳҶ֣
ۿˬҪȥժȡҩҩҪڿˬУҶ˵ɫȻ÷ǳѿ
ҶҶһۣĿһѿˬͳСҶˣ
𡭡
ĺಣһ޴ӰǰѪ죬ϯ˷ƺƵŭκˮƲɵ
Բڳ˿񱩵ѪˬܵѪĲ˱סΡ
Ҳ񱩵ѪʮҶȻ棬Ҳƺһĺ˼ϾΪ̫һѪͰûʹѡ
ಣҶľڵϣס壬̧ͷں̶ԱߵĶͫһ
ͻȻֵĹȻһֻߴʮ׵ĺɫܣĽɫëʨӵëȸ뻹Ҫɫ¶ֱϾȻһɫۼףڹ
ɫɢ嫵Ѫһɫ̫ҫ֮
ܣˬɫ䡣
Ϣ徳صޣ˴ʧɫ
徳ص޷ǳǿ󣬾˵ȫɱɹޣƾһϢǧɱ徳һصߡ
𡭡
˻𣬳ݰɨˣ˺ƺƵѪ籩ϯˡ
˺󣡡ˬȣˣ˵ͬʱѾ˱űͭǹ
ҶҲˡ
Ҷ˵ĴҶˣһͭǹֻˢˢˢ춯˶ȡͭǹ
ͬʱҶ˴鴤һɫˡ
ת˲֮䣬˲ȡܿܵѪ
ܲˣź̶ȥÿһ£涼¡¡𶯡
ֲסͷȥɱҩˬȻһ
ãȻԥĵ˵ͷ
ҶĿһѿˬ˲ģѾˣˬͻȻŵԾ̤շܣͷųʢѪҫ֮
ֻˬͭǹһǹܵĺףǹ֮ϹЮŨҵѪպ
һǹ֮ȻÿըҲ֪ͭǹϵ״ŶٽʵҶԾ
𡭡
˻תһƴѪ죬ͭǹײҫ۵Ļ⣬Χʱˡ


7 
һǹ󣬿ˬתŲߣǹ籩ܣǹϴžѪƣܵĴҡ
֦˲ͱѪ飬촷ۣ
ܵٶȲر죬ֱʵ̫ӲˣˬĹȫֱ۵
ǹֱÿײἤҫ۵Ļ𻨣ѪǷ˷˸ҿ
֣ˬߺܼս߸ǳ⡣
ˬҩҵˣЦˬĺǳ⣬ֱ˺̶
ܣ֣סǣˬߺܼսȵľȽϵһܲסףܷĶԸˡ
Цһǹɱ
ͬʱһȡһɱֺ
ܣҩˬ޶ֵʱͻȻһ
ҩҶ̧ͷź̶ȥܼˬսֻܰˬժȡҩˡ
ȻһӰҶ屳Ҷתһ˾ȻҶ壡
ñҩҲÿûǸҶЦһҶ壬֮
ÿ죡ҶͫһҶٶ̫ˣ˵ĲѾ
ಣҶָ繴ץҶ֮ǰҶ弱æľһҶصץľϣľ𶯣Ҷһɳȥ˺̶֮У֪
ҶҶ󣬼̶Ŀ굱ȻҲǱҩ
ۿҶҪ̶֣ͻ䣬𡭡һ˻ס
ҶһˬҲһ뿴ķ
ಣһʮɵӰз˺̶ԱߣһͷޡȫѪʢѪ˷˷籩
ͻȻֵƺڱȴ峤ʮףͷһֻǣɢ˵Ѫ
Ǻڱˬɫ䡣
ǺڱһȻѵ涼ˣʵڿֲ
ȻҲ徳أˬ˵ɫٴξ䣬Ҷ˵ɫҲ÷ǳѿ
𡭡
Զִ˻һ㣬涼Ϊ֮𶯣ԼԼмʢѪڲϿٶȿ쵽˼¡
徳صޣ˾㤣ô徳޹ٲߵĻضᱻ̻
ɴ磬ߣˬźֵֺһ
ʱ˿ֺ̣սĵطʮڵľȫľϾȻȵѪ
Ҳʶȥ޸Ⱥ˱ضȫû
뵽һ屩ʮɣԶԶıֺܿ
ͬʱˬҲٺܾˣԶԶıܿܡ
Ѿŭװ֣ͿˬɱɾʱԶǺڱѾ˱ҩΪ˱ҩֻܷתҲ̶
ߣſˬ˴ȣת֡
ҶҲҶҲ
أˬĿĹˣɫ䡣
ղŶȥɱҩˣűҩڵĺ̶ȥûпҶ塣
ȥңҲܣҲߣˬɫ
˵˵ͷתУͷѰҶ䡣
˸뿪ܺͶǺڱʹ䣡צצײǧҫ۵ѪΧľѪײȻ
ֻѪʢɫ̫ײ飬ľҲ飬ʲôʲôͷ顣
䡭
ײصضΪ֮
ͬʱ̶֮ڣҶĻѾ˺ѣǱľѵģ
ҶһֹǧҪҶľסĹ˳Ƶŵɣ˫۶۶ϡ
ֻ޴򶷵˺̶Ҷһҳȥʵȥɣ
ǰѱҩٳȥҶ룬ֻں̶棬ѡ
û˵ģӶҪǲУ˲֪ٴΡ
Ҷں̶еȴߵĻʱˬѾȥ˺ʮ
Ȼˬͣţӳˣͳ
ǶûߣܶһߣЦ
ˬսȭͷȭͷӭȥȭһ˶Ц
ţˬЦݣɫܵΪô̵ʱڣ
磬˼˵ɫһ䡣
ܻڸղǸطˬת޵˻ϴ
һɵӶѣ˾ˡ
ȻԶ߳ˣ˾ȻֺˣֺЦǻȥĻ˭Ҳˣ
죡ˬٿתͷֺһȡ
ֺɫһһٶ˵ʲô
ɴ磬ߣȥҶܣˬǳᶨ
ϵܣΪֵսҲľõֱӿˬҲǳᶨ
ûΪֵսҲˬЦ
öˣĻ峤֮λ͡Ҷ˹Ц
ߣˬź̶ڷ򼲱ȥͳ˽
ִ磬ô죿һҶ꿴ֺ
ǣȻǻڣȻܳΪڵĵӣǸߣҲлѧܶණԣǲȥˬ£ǾԲҪ˵ȥ𣿡ֺһ
Ҷļ궼˵ͷ

ͬʱ̶˿ѾֻܺͶǺڱֶֻޣȫ徳ء
ֻ徳صޣֻ峤ʮ׵ľǣͨںڣһֻԳȫŽɫë
ֻɢѪǳʢѪʮԶѪϢ
⼸ֻ徳ص⣬һȵѪ֡Щȫ徳أֻ徳ڶصޣǲҿֻ徳صޣȴᡣ
ֻ徳صں̶Χȳᱦҩγ˶š

ֻ޵ͺϢϢʢѪ˴ˮϣˮ桰࣡Ũڶ
徳صޣǵϢ̺̫ˣֲ֮Ȼ̶ˮˣ
Ȼ̶£˺̶
ֻ޵˵׹⡣
̶£Ҷ忴ֻ޺Ҫ뺮̶ϲ亹


8 
̶ϣֻ徳ص޸뺮̶һϿմֻ޵ͬʱ֮ɫȫɪɪ
ɫĹâϿЩâȵѪľ˲ή
࣡
̶ˮ˲ˮڣˮʱ˼ɡ
ֻ޾֣תߣȻһֻǯƵצϿ̽ץס˶Ǻڱ
ǺڱֻצǰͺһֻСͱľż㣬֡
ֻ޳ûˣӰҲʣҲˣҶ
ϿգȻһֻչɵĴ񣬴ӥȫ죬ÿëɢ⡣ֻѪʵ̫ʢˣֱһҫۡ
·ֲϿήҽܲסʢѪ
Ǻڱڻצ²쳹Բ
ϿգȻſ޴๣ѶǺڱȥ
һֻ徳صޣȻ̵ˣֱ˼
̵Ǻڱ󣬻УצץڵϣѣѪ˷Χľҽ
ͷź̶ƺҲ̶֪бҩ
̶£ҶͫһҴʵֲ̫ˣһ֣϶Ҳᱻ̵
̶ϣצ뺮̶һɺɫҺ峯
ɫҺʱ˵ϣͣ汻ʴһֱɵӺȻ֡
˹˹˹˹
һˮţִɫζʵ̫󣬿ɳѪͬʢ
߹ĵطһĹ֣ȻǱɢѪճġ
ͷŰеĻƵӣƺơ
ƺŭˣͻȻ£óĴѪ䡣
Ť壬Уܿ˻ĹһɫҺ
ٶҲһ񣬱ܿ˶ҺҺ߿գˮ䣬һƬֿήҽ
ʱֻ޼֮ݲӿݣ
ʢѪֻͷų˷ʲôʲôͻ촷ۣ˾㤣
ʱ˿̣ˬѾյ˺̶Զǲҿֻɱನֲ̫ˡ
ŻҰһֻ¾񣬽һŹȻģ
ĭˬͳҲҴֲ̫Ǻġ
徳ڰأھأ£ֱͨΪ¾
ֻӦҲ¾ޣ򲻿ܺͻò£ˬ
ô죿ȥʲôطˣѵſˬֹ
˶Ĭˡ
Ȼɫһ䣬Զĺ̶Ҳ˹ȥ
̶Уһ˳˲ǱˣҶ壡
û˴ϲ
ˬӵϼһʯͷź̶ʯͷǡҶǰ
Ҷһ̧ͷʯͷķ򣬶ʱƼ˿ˬˡ
ˬҶ֣ʾҶϽȥҶһжΪˬѾˣû뵽ˬ˲ûߣڵ
硭ܡҶľӳſˬ˱ȥ
ȻһХ֣ľҰڶҲΪ֮
ޣҶɫ䣬ˬ˵ɫҲˡ
𡭡
ХԽԽգһ೤ľ޴Ӱں̶ԱߣʢѪӳ˲񷡣
ͻȻֵ޾Ȼһͷ޻޻ëȻɫģͫҲɫģ嫡
ϼħ
ˬ˴ʧɫ
ˣҶ忴ϼħɫ䡣
ȻϼħҶ壬ɢ׹⣬Ҷᵽ˱ҩϢ
ϼħ̧צһץʮɳѪƿնֱҶȥѪٶ̫죬Ҷܡ
ˬɫ䣬˲׹̶ıҩ϶ѾҶϼħͻȻϮҶ塣
ǲµûҶȷʵѺ̶ıҩժˣҩھҶĻ
ۿѪҪҶ壬һӰҶǰͭǹһǹ̳
˳ǹպŨҵѪҫ֮
飡
˳ǹ죬ǹâ£հҫۣѪʱĳṉ̀
ˬ˿ˣɫϲ˾ȻǴҶ峤أ
ߣתſˬ˴ȡ
ˬŷӦϼħ¾ޣҲǳӦ޷˼ǵİΣ
Ҷ屾ѻıҩˣǾʱ߿һŻɫӰȻǻˣ
ᣬٵѪ籩к£أ˺ѣŨ̹
𡭡Զдһ˻һֱеޱѪУͻȻȼ˲仯ҽ
ˬ˴󾪣Ǳɱ޿徳أ¾ǰȻ˲һ
ȻһѪҲҶ壬ҶͫһæľסѪѪľϣҶ˱ɣʧС
ɫ䡣
ˬ˱׷ȥҶ壬ʮѪæܡ
飡Ѫڵ棬˺ѣŨ̹¾޵ѪȻҲһ̺Ӿˣͨ߸޷ֵ
˹˹˹˹
Ȼ˻ţԶ߳ͷϼħ׹
˿ҲˣȻʧɫֻ޵ǰܵĻᶼûС
ؿֻޣɫǳأˣҲ
ƺڵ˭ƺ˻
𡭡
ϼħХͻȻ˿أ˵ֵѪ⣬Ʒҩ
ҲĶˣŤŰٳء
УҲֻ¾޵Ѫ֯Ѫ籩ɨ˷
Ѫ籩ϯݣ˷ľ˲飬ݲ
ˬ˼ˣǵٶȻˣѪ籩Ѿǲ
Ȼһ˻ɫꪴͭһбб˿ˬǰͭŨҵѪҫ֮
ͭꪲڵ˲䣬Ȼ𶯣ͭϵѪͷųγѪɫĻ˿ˬǰ
¡Ѫ籩ѪɫĻϣߵѪ⣬񷶼Ѫɫ
Ѫɢȥһɫ۵Ĵ󺺳ǰͣ쳣뺷
ˬɫϲ
ڽүǿߣƹһãǰ󺺽̫ʷ֣ľ
̫ʷֺͿصĹϵܺãǿصѡ
¡ֻ¾ڷͻȻˬɫ䣬Ŀȥ
زûбֻ޳Եһɫۣʹʮ᳤꣬˾˿ء
û˼ΰѿؾģ
ԭصϼħ˿Ѿ˵ʮ֮⡣
ͬʱҲʮ֮⣬ֻڸ߿ţˡ
ˬ˿Ǿ˿ˣɫһ䡣
Ǿ¿صˣڵɱ
ڵġ塱ΪΪЧԱΪλ


9 ҵ
رɱ֮תſˬ˴ȣߣ
ˬûԥȫת
ˬû뿪ߣ֪˵ʲôٴκһţһȥ
ԣˬԥת֣ʧ
Ȼ񸩳£ˬߵķȻѿˬȫɱˡ
бڣ㻹л𣿡
̫ʷЦͭꪣȫѪǣεضһꪴ˻ꪼɢȵѪ
˻ͻӳĴ̫ʷ֣ϱҫ۵Ѫ
䣡ꪴͭڻĳϣѪ˷
̫ʷڻߣͭ˳ȥꪴͭѪһɫĳ硣
ĴͭꪣͭƺҪ᲻ɴݣͭꪱ졣
һһ񣬳ɱ˸߿ƲУɫ̫߹ڸ߿Уײ쳹ʣһ㡣
ת˲֮䣬һһִӸ߿ɱŻѪ𣬻һС
ͬʱسûҶ屻Ѫɺ󣬾
سŤˮţִȫѪŷ׷ȥ
ߣɱЦͭһնɱȥһʮɳѪͭ˳ȥ
徳ߣȻܹͨԪȴԼǱѪΪ޼᲻ݵ
һնɱȥʵǶɱԼѪëб˳ȥǿĹңһ̺ʯҲն롣
оѪնɱβһ˦Ѫʱɣ˲ԶľϣľһƬ
ɱͭȫѪǣɱ˺һͷ­Ѫƣ
˻Ťһܿͭնɱ
Ƶ˶ɱ˻һҺɱεض죬ܿ˶ҺҺ棬桰͡ðỤ̃ʴһӡ
ȻϼħûһԾ
ǸǸղſȥķǸ򣬲пأҶ塣
˿̣ҶУѪģƤ˫ѾˣȫǾʹѡ
ͷųһѪľľȻס˴󲿷ֹһѪȴڡЩѪ̺޵߻ҪǿһҶ岻Ѿҡ
Ҷ˿̸޷оȫĹͷˡ
Ȼڵĵĵͺһƺʱ˺ѡ
ĵںȻγγɵķǳÿһͱһ֡
͵Ҷ嵤ڣʱһ˴⼲Ҷߡ
˲Ǳˣǿأ
ûظҶ壬Ҷ岢û΢΢˿
ȻһѪ糱ˮӿȡ
𡭡ϼħĺ쳹֣ضΪ֮𶯣ǧڴϡ
ãϼħˣɫ䣬Ҷ壬Ҳûͳָ
ҶȻˣȴץľ
𡭡
ϼħ⼲ɢʢѪ֮ľԿήĩ
صҲɢ˺嫵Ѫ˱̫ҫۡ
Ҷ壬ɵһɸߵĴϣԽµĴΪ壬һݣ죬һһϡ
ٴһݣֳһϡ
ϼħٶȸ죬ֻһɫĹâ۵糸ĴУ֮ľȫѪ˻ҽ
֮䣬ϼħͳ嵽˿ǰͻȻת̧צ͵צ˿أ
ɫ䣬Ҷ߼ݣܿ˻צצץԭŵĴȻ顣
ɲǣǡñҶڵϡ
𡭡
ϼħͷŲԶĿأ˻Ϣϯ˷Χľʱή
ĿһҶֱߵС
ϼħ˹ȥ̧צһץצ͵棬¡𶯣һѪ籩ϯ˷
Ѫ籩˷һƬƬ촷ۣˣʵڿֲ
ڣѪ籩ʧԻצΪģΧɵľȫʧγһյأгſ񱩵Ѫ
ؾڿյرԵһͱѪ籩
𡭡ϼħŭˣٴμء
ظߣȻһӰ˿ǰ˴ɫףĿߴŨüۣŶʮ꣬ӽʮӡ
ʯңɫһ䡣
Ƕµǿ֮һʯң
ڵĵҲҰ
ʯȣ˵ƤͻȻɫʵգɢɫ
䣡ʯҾȻֿȭһȭ˻צ֮ϣצȭͷײҫ۵ĹâѪ
ϼħɳȥʮףצڵץץۣץɢҫ۵Ѫ
ʯҲ˺˼ϷƮЦ
˵ţ󲽳˳ȥֿȭϼħս
䡭
ʯһȭȭϼħʾ̧צ͵ץʯҵȭͷ֮ϡ
Ȼħʯɱ֮Ŀ꣬˺ѣſ񱩵Ѫ
ϵѪʵ̫ʢľ룬ҲĿŻɫӰڼײ
ײʱŷѪȻ嵽˸߿գ񷶼ӳˣ̾Ϊֹ
ҵ֣ȻؿԶսӰ
ȻԶʯ̧ţ۳һҳǹ
ӵе֮˿ֺӵе֮
ɫǹʯٴκϼħɱһһɫǹ᲻ɴݣȻϼħҲӲӡ
һһ۵糸㴩ԶУɱذɫ䡣
ͬʱԶҲɫӰײӰǵ̫ʷֺͻ
һҲɫӰǶɱͺ
Ҷת֣ǴҶ뿪ĺûᡣ
ڿسеɲǣԶƽϣһɫľ޴Ӱ̫ʷֵ˽ֵķ
ɫӰʵ̫󣬼Ժе̫ԡ
תŻɫӰɫһ䡣
ʱҶ建۾ҲƼ߷ĻɫӰ
ɫӰԽԽҶڿ壬ľȻһֻչɵĴ
ֻ޴ĻǰҶĻ񼸺һģһֻߡ˱Ѫʢ֮
ͻ̫ʷ֣̫ʷֵֽġС񡱷·𿴵ˣ·֮ɫ
ͻ̫ʷɫ䣬ֻͻ϶Сĸףֻ߸ס
ˣڡ
ۿ̫ʷ־Ҫͻһڷһɫǹƿϳһɫ磡
˳ǹа೤̺Żصɢѹ˾֣ս
ಣǹٶʵ̫죬ת˲䵽˾ͻǰ
ͻڣܿɫǹɫǹ˴ϡ
¡𶯣ԳǹΪģһȦȦɫ俪ǧ֮ڣж˻ҽ
Ҷ忴ǰһĻ𺳲ѣֻ˹ȥ


10 ˫
ҶԺֻͻŶڷ˻漴Сתߡ
ղųֵӦǶҶ壬ת
ͬʱҶ嵤ڣҶڵˣգаƴС
ţγżСӵĶͨںڷ
źɫγɺͷųһɹҶȫһϴˢÿϴˢһ飬ҶʮǱϱ
ͬʱɫɢҲʹҶƽָ
Ҷ徳һߵǧＫʱźɫӲֹͣͷ
زûиоҶı仯Ҷ壬۵糸˴Ҷ

ҶƽˣѾصҶĿˬ˶˿
ȻȳϿˬͿص˰ȻĻȴĹâǸϣˬҶܻŻ
ܿ죬ؾͰҶ屧ʯݣʯϡ
ԸÿˬĪҶ֮󣬿뿪˴Ҷ̫ʷĺѣۼ̫ʷû£ܷ
ʯڣĪҶ壬ɵôˣ
֣ôûˡˬüͷûҶϷκ˿ڡ
¾޵ѪУȻûˣֱš
ȻˬҶץеľżҶ屻Ѫɲǣľһ¡
ˬҶùľָһˣľ˲
üӲľ˻һȻ𡣡ˬзǳԾ
ȻĪЦ˵ܴ磬ɵˣȥõö
˵ţĪſˬգգ۾Сܳʯݡ
СѾͷˬЦҡҡͷľҶʯϣҲ뿪ʯݡ
ˬĪߺûãҶ˼ֱ¶⣬оԼƺ˵ʲôָо֣ԼҲ˵
ô£ǹǴʲôطģΪʲôܼǱΪʲôҵƻָҶ˼⡣
ȻойڴƺֻҪͷһͻᱬ
ѵҵʲôҶüͷǹ
ȻɢɫһȦȦɫΧת
ʲôҶ̧ϸоɻ
һŰѺɫڣɫȻûƣʧ
Ҷٴһٴͷų˺ɫɫΧת
ֹЩɫĶҶɫ΢䣬оڻƵĶ
һΣ̧֣չһѺɫĽȻġ
СֻаƴСͨĽûʲôǣѽȫǺɫģڵķ
أ
ҶϺȻ¶亹ѺɫСʵ̫ˣ²ǧҪǱõ˼ӵǧ֮òѽ
⵽ô£Ҷ̧֣ٴͷų˺ɫɫΧת
ȻҶǰδеľ⣬ѾµɫСͺɫʲôˡ
֣
˰˵Ļ˵Ҫõ־ѣĸ֣Ҫ֮˵ڡֻаڣֲܾѣ־֮󣬻ἤǱΪʡȥٿޡ
Ҷϵ£Ͱ˵ȫһԣҶŻƲӵеĶǡ֡
Ϊʲô֣Ҷ岻⣬Եֵ˽ʵ̫ˡ
ȻҶɫһ䣬˵Ǵͳĵּ壬һӵе֣ͻᱻ˴ߡһֵ⣬ӵе֮˾ͻᱻ
Ҷ֪ĵֵĵ֣ԣʱ¸κˡ
Աֻ֮Ūû⣬ñ֪еֵ£򡭡ҶĿһûзƣʵΪ磬впɥȪ
ЩҶһ˲֮ϵĺɫĿеĺɫС
ôõֵҶ峢ſƺɫСɫСӦҶȻʼҶڵѪ
ÿˣÿ⣬ÿѪȵȣȫѪǱԽ࣬ѪԽࡣ
ҶǱѾ˺ܶ࣬ǧԣѪͨ徳һ߻Ҫʢ
ǣɫСһ棬벿ֵѪͶˣٴε
ɫСҶѪͻȻ󣬻һ߳ڹҫҫ֮
˿̵ĺɫСѾȫб÷ǳۣҲǳأ˳ĸоͨĽֻ߳ѽȴߣͨĽȫһ
ɫСһ䳤ٴӣҶʱȡ
ҧҧҶٴһɫͻȻСҲ֮١ţҶŰѺɫСɫСȻʧˡ
£ҶˣɫСȫһģֻҪúɫС󣬺ɫСͻ󡣵ȻúɫСҪ۵ģɫС
֡ҶȻҡҡͷߣͨĽͽ󽣵֡ˣһ֣ʲôأ
䣬Ҷ֣һͷų˺ɫɫΧת
ЩɫʲôãҶְʯϣͣʯϵʯ飬ʯĩ˲ͱɫɡ
Ҷ𾪣æ̧ɫȻʯ
Ҷһɫûƣʧ
ɡҶ֡ԳΪɵ֡
֪ԼӵеΣѾһûеֵŵӣӵеֵˣ˵һĪ컯
뿪ڵŵûкڿǲеģǵ֣
ȻûԱ֮Բñ֪ӵеֵ£˵Ļûǡ
취˽⵽ڵֵ£֪õ֣⣬뾡ʵ
ҶѾָƽӵеֹȻܺãҲҪӵвУؼʵ
ǰĴսĿˣ޹Ȼǿʯֿܳȭޣ֤ڵҵȷʵǳ¡
ȻҶ̵ĲЩŵɳİɳǹɳǹʱغȫ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
¾Ǹ˳ǹǰֱӣֻͻ񶼱ˣ֤ǹ˵ǿ
ȻҶıҩҺñҩûе
걦ҩǳҪ̫ҩ壬°빦


11 Сƹ
ҶѵֵʱڴҶ֮ĳطãã޼ȫһ˶ߵ̲ݣдСݴвٺʹСġ򡱣Щʵ̫ˣÿͷ϶һഺŮ
ڰ˰֮أǴҶĲ䣬ŮӵǰЩھϵŮˡ
ڲݴУÿһξͻһ˹ٳĿյأյһʯݡʯݸʮ׶ߵոףոԱʯͷɵʯݣɹոס
˿̣ʮŮչ̵ոУոоɫ̣硣
ЩŮ̾ƣŮ֮̾󣬻̾չװȻʯݷ档
˿̣һŮĵʯݣһչӵķ˺Ҩһ̾ơ
ŮûĴ۾ʯһۣȻ룬ǳܵĺ̾һһɰں˾ƣ˵ģԵøӿɰ
úȡŮƺˣƻƵġ
촽ŮӻͳһƴСպմ̾ơŮպװ鶯Ĵ۾͵һʯ⣬ȷû˺Сųʯݡ
ոճʯݣһ˺Ȼĺ죬ľż㣬˶
ٺ٣СĪҴ˰ɡһЦĪ
ſңҡûе㣬ץҸʲôĪ죬ǳߡ
Сƹ˻ӲŮӲԶĲݴЦǺǵĿĪ
ǵӲģĪ߷߲ƽĵŮǡ
Ůź촽Цû֦չ
ʱץסĪڰĪ£ҲЦСƹ˵㵽͵˼ƣ
ĪתǰŮˣû˵˭͵ˣ˵òã
СƹĲϣѵҪƨɵŶŮĪҲǳ㣬һ˫ɰˡ
ĪŻˣƨɺ˼Ŀųˡ
СĪСƹ֪˰ɣǼŮЦ
ûУû¡ΪʲôҪ£˵ˣֻµ˲ŻẦ¡Ī졣
Сƹ˵û͵ƣ˿Ц
ǲ͵˾ƣ͵Īų˺༸Ů
СĪٲʵĻҿҪֆ˰
ٺ٣ҲŲأ˵ˣ˲ŻˣֲǻˡĪǴЦݡ
СĪǻ˵ԺܵƽĻҿҪƨɡЦҡҡͷ
ֲǻˣҲǡĪЦЦת˲ݴ
ݴԵɲǣһպϡ
ĭתҲƵץסպڻ˵ҡû͵
͵͵˼ŮͳŮһҲƵ˲ݴԡ
СĪЩƺ󾢺ܴ󣬺һڲҪǲҪˡŮͳŮЦЦû֦չ
ܿ죬СĪҶʯݡ
ɵ²ҸʲôˣĪЦ
ҶĪЦ˵ȻǺóԵĶ
Īû˵ԣٲ£
ԣҶӺףȻһ̾ƣ
ٲ´ĻҾͲˣĪЦЦӻóպݸҶ塣
̾ƣҶǰһһܾûȹƵ˵ʲôƶǳ
ɲҪԱ˵Ҹ̾ƣԺҾͲˡĪĿҶ塣
ģңҾͶԱ˵Ī˵滰ҶҲࡣ
ͺãҾͷˡɵˣƶ˺а˯ǰһҪˣĪЦ
ҶͷЦСĪĻһԶģԶҲǣ
ĪЦЦת뿪ʯݡ뿪ʯݵʱ׽Ҷղ˵ĻܾﲻԾ
ʯڣҶʯϣ촽պĸӴ򿪣žɢȫë׶ſˡ
Ȳĺһڣɢǰδеľ⣬գ̾ƶˣδ̾ȷʵǺþƣ
ȴͷѾˣţ˾ʯ֮ϡ
赹ǰ˵һ䣺áôĺ󾢣



12 ҩԡ
ʱҶҡҡͷ˹Ц̾ƵĺҲʵ̫ˡ
ǣ߳ʯݡ
ܣˡˬȻš
磬ǲÿˣСĪ̾ˣҶЦ
ȻǡˬЦҲִֻ
ٺ٣˵ûǿûִЦ
ҶЦҡҡͷʵ磬ʲôʱڣ
˿̾ڴҶǿԺһߡˬ˵
Ҷ˵ͶĹϵƺ
Һ峤ǲʶһЦ
Ҷ̧ͷһ̫ʷл˹
ˬͳת̫ʷ֣е
߰ɣ·ٸ˵Һ峤¡̫ʷЦ
ҶЦŵͷ
˵뿪˴Ҷ
·ϣ̫ʷָҶˣԼʮǰͿΪڶ޵֡Ǻȴ޵Χ˳˻Ϊѡ
Ȼ򵥣ȴֻӺ֮ŻֿᷢƼ򵥵Ĺ¡
ԺҶ˻صڡ
̫ʷַֿҶԼõҩ¸˿ˬͳˬͳ˴ϲæߴҶҩ
Ҷֻӿˬ˵صԼķ䡣
һص䣬ϾͰѱҩȡ˳˺һƬҩãľͻȻЦĳȥҲɲзϣ
Ҷɫ䣬ĪǱҩж
ҩȻûжȥǶҩҲ˶ҩľЦбҩֱӳȥϵıҩһֲܳԵģ
ҸôҶʵ
ҺôҲˣҲÿһЩЦ
ҶЦǰ֪Ӧôҩ
ȥ׼һԡͰһЩˮһЩԪʯȻѱҩ飬ˮУѵ·ˮˡסÿηˮеıҩҪ̫࣬ڵΪܲˡ˵׼ЩԡͰҩҩҽȭҩͻȫˡ
Ҷ嵱ȥװ˵Ķ
ʱҶѾװеĶѵ·ԡͰСԡͰоǱһһһ˿˿ڡ
֪ʹ˰ɣľЦղİѱҩˣᱻճɻҽ
ʹʲôҶ촽ǰǴǹֵ߹ģʹ˵㲻ʲô
СӣľеЦ
ͷԵ˲˽⣿ҶȻʵ
ϻʲôˣв֮£Ц
Ҷ̧֣ɵ֣ɫ֮ͷųɫ
֪ʲô𣿡ҶʵΪԼĵȡΪɵ֡ȷҪһˡ
⡭˰Ҳû˵
㲻˵ʲô֪𣿡ҶЦ
ߣûֵ֣ҲûмһǳӲ
Ҷ̧֣ɫСģವһȻ䳤
֪˰ɣҶʵ
ϵֵ֡ϵ֡˵Ҽϵֺܶ࣬Ǵûϵһ֡
Ҷ󽣵ֺɵ֣ʲôҲˣΪȫǸӻ
Ҳ֪㾿ʲô֣һԿ϶ǣ츳ǳˡ˵޼½ϣӵ˫ֵ˷ǳ٣ÿӵ˫ֵˣɾͶ
˫֡ҶĿһ
ˣҾͲϻˣѪҲǿ˵ٶ˵Ļҹһٴγ˯˰ҩȫٰ֮ڶصȭ̸㡣˵
ѵ뿪ľ𣿡Ҷʵ
뿪˳̾ҲһѣҶǲҾ˭ˣǵ뿪ľİ취
δ˵꣬Ĳ˵ˡ
Ҷɫ䣬˾ʲô
ҡҡͷ˵£оԡͰеҩҺ
ʱԡͰҩѾȫԭݵȻǿ׳˲٣Ҳ
ʱȭˡҶ뿪ԡͰ·ƣʼʽ


13 徳ڶ

ȭһȭˮʪݵӡ
ڣϢͣоԼѾ޷ȫļҲʹޱȡ
Ѿﵽǧ֮Ц
Ѿﵽ徳һصļ𣿡ҶЦ
徳ڶԺȭˡЦ׽ϴ蹦ʮʽǰʽǱġʮʽĤǣʮʽࡢ衢ѪҺ
ѪҺҲ˵徳أѪҶ似Ȼ徳أ
˵̫硣Цܲȭδ֪֮
ҶЦ
һʮʽţʮʽǰʽԳԽޡмʽƤĤҲԳԽޣӲӲҲԵֵںʽ֮ĹͷȻҲԳԽޡ˵
Ҷĵš
ţʮʽǽĤǣԱѭ򽥽ĽûǰֻҪǰʽɡ˵һ԰ʮж㣬ٺ٣ҪˣָϷڶΣ
Ҷɫһ䣬æעľϣʶٴνľͬʱ赹˵ϡ
ľǸʵĿռ䣬ֻȭŲҲˮȭУը졣
ţɽţʯţءţ졭˱ߴȭʽ֡
ҶҲͬʱĿʼնˣһҲҴ©
ȭÿΣҿÿȭеı仯мǣҶ˽Ŵȭʽţħ̤ţħǡţħͷţħײɽ
ÿȭΣҲǾʮȭҶһ
ÿеı仯Ҫȭǻãȴֲǣмǣٴѣʽʯ˦ǡɽ
ʮȭʮִ仯С仯Ҷ
ӿɽ̡˴ЦȭٶȻ죬ʽƽŴдء󷭽󵹺ɽХ졭
ţȭĪģţ󴴳ĲɣҶ
ԶԶţǵĽ硢ƤĤ͹ͷӲޱȣӵɽ֮Ī˱ߴȭ߸пǴܵ˴ȭǱ˼£
Զ󡭡ҶԾȭǹϡ
ȻԶԶţǿҲˡ
˵˺ȻЦΣͷ಻һĨ
ЦУ˴ȭٶֱˣȭ쳹ը졣
ɾͿҶˣ˴ȭٶٿһЩƾļǲˡҶļˣϰ츳ˣҪǻ˵Ļƾֻܸɵˡ
˺ܾãڰʮʽȭȫꡣ
ѧ٣ͿԼˣ˵
˵Ļ£Ҷֱֱ
ҵȭ֪ǲ徳ڶأ
ҶڶʱȭХըϡ
ȭ֮ҶѪʢɫĹĻʯݣǱµľ
ҶѾԽǧＫޣͨ߸޷ȫǱҲ˰ٶѡ
ԽǧＫޣҶ巢ֱ֣ϵĽøԣÿһȭȭٶȶ
ڴﵽ徳ڶأ˽֮ϣʮ㡣
ߣ侪ˣ˫һŵأ˲ͿԷɳʮס磬ĲԺͱ
ߣǧ߶ǧҲǧ߰ٽңѾţǴɵš
һԣ޷ȫĽ綼ģԲ޷еҲ޷Դﵽѡ
˵׽ϴ蹦ȫǱҶţлǧҿԴﵽѡ
꣬꣬徳ڶأ
궼ûͻƣھȻһͻˡҶҡҡͷЦЦ
츳Ҳǡסˡ


14 ʮ
֪峤ҵĶЩʲô似Ҷ뿪Ҷ֮ǰظһЩ伫ûüЩʲô伫
Ȼھû似ҲúϵǰһЩȭὣĽ̹ٽ̹һ׽ʮ׽ԸߵҲֻѧǰĽ
⸱Ժģ԰׽ӵޡ
ᴩá㡢ҡɨء顢ϴܡѹȽ֮ҶѾò졣ǰǿ̫࣬ΪϤЩ֮һΡ
̫խʺҶľԺһֺ֣Ųľ
ظһЩƷǳ򵥵Ķá㡢ҡɨء顢ϴܡѹЩĽ֮Ƽ򵥣ʵı֮
ˢˢˢˢˢ
ľи졣
ҶѾǧÿľ϶̺ǧǰĻҶҶ룬ԼȻ˾޴
룬ʹκǿʽƾľϴľ¾Ϳ׻ǰԼ
ʱҶֹͣϰЩڣѾϤЩʱʮˡ
ʮʮУÿжǳǰҶ岢û׽Ϊ׽ʵ̫ˣҪǳߣǰҶȫﲻҪ
ʮˣǸģҲû˿ɹ
ʮԣҶ岢ȱ٣ȱٵǸǿ
ʹڣҶ嶼ǵáʮĽܸ٣˽У潣˽һ
һеһ޵޿ɱܡһнһɽ˼޿ɱܡ
ڶа˻һһɨ˻ϡһȫǵһеǿ˶޿ɶݡ
һһɡһнӸ£һ֮ɣ˴ֲ
ϬһԹԹǿ֮һǺ͵ԵзҪٶ޼䣬ʹﲻЧᱻˡ
УҶͿʼӽУ潣ߣ߶ȫѪӽնʹˡһ
ʱѪкľУ˳ľŷȥɽǰʮھѪɫ֡
˻һҶγٶȸ죬עѪࡣ
ͻȻѪɫкǰض뽣Уˣ
ҶûżǲϷһк͵ڶСһʱ䣬оѪɫϵĿҶ׷ɶ˲䱻顣
ԶԶȥҶ׷ɣѪɫݺ˷Ҷ˱ĽҶС
ʱҶϢƬ̺󣬿ʼСһ
һҶֱ֮ƾԾʮף˿գһ·һɣ
һѪ˳ľŷȥ֮ϣһ϶ʱһĴ̺֦ۡҶƮ¡
ǰѧѾˣֱҲݵöࡣ
Ҷڵϣüͷ뾡ѧҶ似似
似ҶţղһСһӦûһЩŶԡ
ҶԾŴʹһ

һѪɫնɱϣϵĽԽԽ࣬µҶҲԽԽࡣ
ǰҶѧϰʲôԼҪķǳϿÿһÿһʽ٣ΧڣԼĽﵽ
Ľ̹Ƕ޲ڣǺãȱٹ˵ڷܺŬǾԳɲ˸ֵģ
һСһҶʮͣ£û似ǰֻһˡ
걻Ĵ˿ѾĿȫǣƤȫˡ
ϬһҶüͷнԹԹûжֵĻ
ûа취ֻȶŴнķͳٶȡǶȣԺȥ˶
뵽Ҷ岻ٳɣ̿ʼϬһ
ˢˢˢ
ľиֻصС


15 
Ҷ岢֪濴ǿˬ
ýˬа̾۹⣬ῴĺû
ò˵Ҷǰ˵ģֻϧʩչˣ̫
Ȼˬɫһ䣺
ҶȻѾ徳ڶأ岻ôݣҲôǿ
ǱҩȻöһ֮ھͻƵڶأˬ̾
ֻҶʮʱ䣬ҶѾͻˣѾûκɰҶϳڡ
ܣʮ֮󣬴һ֤㲻һһ似ɵĴ
ˬת뿪Ҷ֮ɻľȫʱ˴šҲûҶĽǺ˭ѧġֻҪҶαȥ׷ף
ͬʱҶѾֹͣϬһ
ʮУһ
磬Ʈ٣һľڴˡ˵ǰǶʽ׷ô⼸УǶٶȵ׷ʽѾøЧ
ʮһһһһ
Σ޶ٶȣ飬ǡϽľ衣
ҶԼľ˷磬ֱ㷢һ磬ٶ᲻죿
ˢľ缲磬һƬƮµҶҶֱز롣
Ҷ岻ľȥƮµҶ磬ò˼飡
оһף춯أеһ磬⣻ڰѪһȣɱѪھɲһɲǽ⣬ɲɱˣʮ޳һ޳Ѳ⡣
Щʽ׷ٶȵļ£
оһҪף֮˱Ȼ籬羪
ҶȫȻһ̳ѪȻ͸ʮƬҶ
Ҷ㼯гԽǧҲ޷ʩչУһ
ʮһ׷һŽɥǡҶһ֪Ҫʲôʱ
еһ޷ɹ͸ʮһˡڵʮ͵ʮҲˡ
ҶѾˣҪ֪ǰѾǼޡžߣҶţ߽϶Ҳѧᣬڵڰ˽ԺĽҲġ
ҶʱҶ似ˡ
ûɵĹ׵㣬޷õɵ似ֻҶ似
ص䣬峤İ򿪡
Ƥǵ似Ǳдţٲ
ȻҶ似淢һƤƤпµ֣ɵѧ似ˣ
ģҾԲ似ϵġ
Ҷ似ƷٲƷָ羢˽Ʒȭ
似ûм似ϾŸոʮʺϼ似
ңΣÿ춼ʯ塭ʯҶνӦþǸ˵ס
ױʯƬȷʵѰֿȥ
˵ҳɹ󣬽벻ջ񡭡ҶĿһŰΪǴҶһߡ
˾ҶľԺһܱʯƬһѰƴСĿ̵պ㰢Ҫ
СʯƬ˰ϣҶʯƬȥЩʯƬ϶׾ͻ顣
ҶԼƽʯƬǰС⻺ʯƬ
СոսӴʯƬҶ͸о˿ֵѶȣʯƬϿԼ֣Բһ׵¡
˵ÿֻһλᣬλᣬֻÿˡҶԥˣ˷һλᡣ
ԥƬ̺Ҷ廹õ˱ʯƬϣһʯƬʯƬͷˣ˷顣
Ҷɫһ䣬ЩʯƬûҪ
ҿֵĿĵʲôҶȥʰ
ÿѶҪ˰˼ĻͻԽԽ٣˼٣˵ǻԶòߵġ
СҶ岻ټ̣˵Ļûǣ˵ÿֻܿһΣ



16 ȱ似
ĵ֮Ҷ˿ظ似ȴ򿪵ǱƷ似ٲ
һ似ͷһмдŲܸ٣
Ʒ죬׻ءΣ٣ƾط硣𣬺䲻䣬䡣о죬оҰоȪоϣоŹʲоŹ֮λ
ŹҶɫ΢䣬ȥ似ϼ˷Ȿ似һЩ
Ȿ似峤һżҵģֻǰصĲбȱ˺ءУҪľŹλ÷ҲûˣȱļѾ޷
ʣһС֣ҶĸҶս޸ĹҲ̫һأƷ似ڶأƷ似شɣƷ
ԣҶսⱾ似λƷҰҲˣԭȵ似ʵӰٲⲿ似ļѾˣܼӵСӰ֣
似ϵĽܣҶȻüⱾ似Ա˵ֻϷ似Ƕ˵Ȿ似ԿԷӳԽ似
ӰٲؼģڵϲþŹλȻھŹλ
˲ŹλĲãҶᣬԣҶİⲿ似ӵ¡
ס飬Ҷ嵱ʯݣʯ鲼ú˾Źλ
似˵ʼʱ򣬾ŹľŸλԿһЩ˺棬ԽԽ
ַ֮ɣ߰βѨ֮Գ֮
Ҷ似ϵĿھھŹΪ䣬Ӱ˸ϡ
Ʒ죬׻أ
ҶĬ似ܸ٣Լȫݶӵ˼£ȫĵͶ뵽С
߱밴վŹ򣬿϶ϵľſʯͷ
ͼ֮⣬Ÿͬˣһ˵оţתԾ仯չŲ
ҶɡӰٲȣС֮ʱһоˡȻŸҲзǳҾҶߣҶоˡ
ڣⱾ似ѾΪ˾ŹλĸӲһȼأ˽Ʒ似
Ҷţش֮ʱȣڵȺУɱ̽ȡ
ȻҶӾŹλԾ˳ѲþŹλľſʯͷһЩ룬øӽܡ
漴ŹλУһء
þſǳӽֻһ˲ʱʯ飬һؾɹˡ
ֻҪɵһأЩ˷Ʒ似ߣҪй֮
ʱɫ
ҶȻʯֻһ˲ѾԶˡ
ʳȡһЩʳ˹ص棬ʼ׽ϴ蹦
꡶׽ϴ蹦ϴϢ
ڶ죬ҶոͷԼ˲٣ȫĽøԡڵѾһǧٶߡ
ġ׽ϴ蹦Ҷ尵Ծ似ǱٶȹȻ졣
ܣ𣿡Ȼ⴫˿ˬ
磬ڡҶЦ뿪˴
ˬͳķ䡣
ܣǽʲô𣿡ˬЦ
Ҷһ㶣ĿһɫʮʱѾˣǲԵʱ䡣
˵ʮ֮޷ͻƣֱӰϳڡѾͻˣҵҪʲôڣˬЦ
磬ھȥ䳡ɣҵҪЩ˿ͻ֮ʲôЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ
뿪ľԺȥ䳡
䳡
ڵĴ󲿷ŵӴ˿̶Ѿۼ䳡ϣȻΪԣҶαϳڵġ
Ҷδ˼Ц
ǸôĪΪͲñϳȥ𣿡
궼ûͻƣŹʮ죬ôܻͻƣ
ǿδأСӱȽϵǸ֮һͲ̳ˣǸʲôҩҲ˵
ٺ٣ǸƷҩҲͻƲˡ
ǵСӸڵʱʲôΪ𣿡
ʱСֻʮ꣬ȻѾʼ壬츳ȷʵܾˡ
ٺ٣أҿʱ֮ô壬ǴҶ峤ʲôҩϾǸ԰ѱҩҩľ֮󣬾Ҳû취ͻˡ
ٺ٣ҪҲһں֧֣ڶѾˣ

˵ʲôֶΣҪСָϳȥҿɲôʧһĨЦݡ
˵ļУ䳡ꡣ
˶Ŀꡣ


17 Ź
ˡ
Ⱥ꣬мǸ꣬Ͼ¶˼֮ɫ
Ȼһ̣ǵıȻˡ
ÿߣйеÿ׶ΣصϢϢΪߵܹĿΪ͵˵Ϊ
ڳŵӣΪȫҶߣȻܿҶѾͻƵ徳ڶء
ôܣ˾ɡ
ܣôͻƣ֮ǰ궼ûͻƣͻƣΪʲôҪȵڣֺҶҲǳɡ
С궼ûͻƣôںȻͻˣҲܳԾ
ʱҶѾߵȺǰ
ҶˣЦҶ壬˵ǰˣû뵽ǵȬΪҲͻˡ
ǸɵġҶ˵ֻ˵ʮ֮ڣҵΪѾͻˣҲȨ뿪ڡ
ǺǣûȷʵûȨ뿪ڡЦЦֵƺһ¡
ߣлʲôˬһ
ҲŭŲԶֺЦֺŹ棬㶼ǵðɣ
ǵãֺͷ
Źʮʮ֮ǰΪδͻƵ徳أôã
ţ
ֺĻش
ĿҶ壬ٹ£Ҷʮˣ̶µʱ䣬޷徳ء
ˬ츳ôˣʮ徳أѾʮ꣬Ҳֻǵ۷ѣûͻƵ徳ء
Ҷڶ̶ȫܣ
Ҷ壬£ʱû취ͻƵ徳أǿɾͱˣֻܰŹ¡Ц
ˬͳͬʱɫ䣬ͻƵ徳ضܣοǵأ
֪ܵŮˣҶ屾ȢҸıˣȥԽǱңԽǲ⣡ҶĶ˵ʮͻƵ徳ڶأͻƵأ
˿ˬҶ⣬󲿷˵϶¶ɻ֮ɫǲҶ˵Ļʲô˼
ЦһСӣеʱ˵ʱҪԼû˵ֻ
΢٣ȻѾͻƵ徳ڶأҲʱӵĿˣ
ҶܲŸոͻƣ㲻Ҫ̫ˬЦ
̫ЦˬҿǰŹ£ÿŵƾ֮󣬶ȥŵĿѶҲǰǸӵΪŵģҿûκ˽ģֻǱ¶ѡ
ˬЦһ˵ҼǵŹ滹ôһƾ֮ĵӣѡ񼸸ͬŵӣһȥμӿ񡣡
ĿһЦ˵ûѶҲӦӡ
֪ҺͳҶһȥӿѶж󣿡ˬʵ
ֺɵѶȷּЦ
ļˬѾ徳۷壬Ѷֺش
ˬʱһ˰ƷǣǿҪȥɡ΢٣һЦˣһһ£Ϊ˱μӿӵİȫԼμӿ˵ĵһʵսԣԲصĻԲȥμӿ񣬵ȵԹ֮ȥ
ЦЦ˵ȻβԶأᱻȡԺȡ׬ȡ׵Ļᡣ
ˬһĨ˵ɱȻȴ˿Ҳ⣬һ
ĸ徳ڶصʦԸҶʦдһ£Цɨڳŵӡ
ٺ٣ҶʦֵĸСһ߳ȻȥѾʮ߰ӣʵֻʮꡣ
Ѿʼˣܣǵ似̫٣ʵսҲ㣬һΣ㻹βԵĻᣡˬҶ塣
ǲŸոս徳ڶصķѣҷҸʮ׵㡣ֺǸ˵
Ǹ˵ͷ˷֮ɫ
磬еʱ򣬱ĳЩ֪㲻׸ث֣˲Ż㣬ŲҼ㡣ҶĿſˬˣǽԽţһսҲҪսұӮ
ˬ¶οЦݣȥɣһӮģ
磬Сģɫ
Ҷ˵ͷǸ꣬˵ְɣ
ٺ٣Ըһ似ѧķӣ
ЦһŵضһҶ壬һȭҶţȭδȭѾҶĳ
ܣСģˬɫһ䣬Ҳɽ
ҾͲܶ㿪һȭ
ֺЦǾҶƺˣǻƲҶ塣
Ȼ˵ɫһ䣬ֻҶһܿ˿Ĺ
ٲֺϳˣҶеǴҶ


18 
ȻҶŲһӵ˿࣬һȭ̫Ѩ
ɫ䣬æܣѧڵײȴһضûѧᡣԱҶǿȻУɻǶ㿪ҶĹ
𾪵ǣҶٶͻȻǣһ嵽˿ǰָ絶˿ĺ
ûлʩչΪҶٶȱ˲ֹһ
ۿҪҶһֵУһӰͻȻڿ걳ľż˿ꡣţǸſ˼ɣܿҶĹ
ͻȻֵ˾Ȼ
ɫǳѿôҲ벻ͨһѣȻڶ̶ʮѧ˾
ڻ˭Ҷдһ£ˬЦһĿĹˡ
û˵ˣҲˣҶͨ徳ڶص߶ѾҶĶ֡
ѵܵٲѾأˬɫ΢䡣
ʱЦһĲԵΪֹ˵ţѾתȥֺ˽
ߣʼǷɿҲ徳أŵ䳰ȷţ׷ȥ
ߺ󣬳Ц磬ģ
ܣ˵ûֻаǴˣǲŲҼšˬЦЦ˵ھȥ׼ɣǰŵĿ񼴱ҲȻɵģ
ҶͳɫȻĵ˵ͷ
£˶ľԺ
ǷľԺʱֺѾ
ſǸػƼЦԼȡ񣬻ǡ
ŵӵ񣡡ЦЦѵңһڴǰԼġ
ϷлˡߺǺһЦתûþȡһöƺһ
õƺתֺ˵ȰƽˬȻȥҷƺǡ
˵ˣֺ
ֺĻ촽Цŵ˵ͷģһ׵ġ
ȥɣ֮󣬴Ƕٲʹ͡ƽֺ
ǣֺȥ
ЦݣЦǼ񣡡

ܿ죬ֺͰƽ˿ˬ
ɱۻʮֻʱ죬񣡡
ˬϵƣɫ΢䡣
磬ۻѶԸ𣿡Ҷʵ
ۻٶȺܿ죬һͨ徳صĳۻӵ徳صٶȣȻǵʵսǿץȴǳѡˬɫңʱֻ죬Ҫץʮֻǵָ
磬ѰҲϰɣֻҪʮ˾УңֻдΪ徳أҲҲʲôΪǡ˵
ˬ˵ͷ
£ˬȥľõ⼸ӣȡ뿪˴ҶҶ岢ûȡκľѾõ
ݺûΪǣˬȡֻѡ
ҶõҲֻǶѣڵԴﵽǣǳ
ʱ
ҶͿˬѾʮĻҰ
ۻʳʯΪԾɽ͵ԿʯǻԿʯԿʯҪҵЩ꣬ȥʯõѡ
ۻǳƻٶȷǳ죬Ҫ׷Щƻĺɲ׵¡ˣҵǵϳٶֶԸǣɱۻõİ취
ҶҪȥĵطǿɽΧԭʼ֣ۻϳпܾЩط
һʱĿĵء
磬ôɱЩꣿʵ
ͷȥҵĻΣգǲͷҵĻֺҵۺϳˬɣһ飬ÿҪһ徳ߴӡ
ãܸɴĵ˵ͷ취Ѿõİ취Ҳö˵ʲô
ܣǸһ顭ˬʼ䡣
ɱۻ˹ʮˣԷֳС飬˿ˬһ⣬ÿС鶼徳صߴӡ
֮˷ͷ
ˬҶǸаľõӣҲ
ҶϢĹϴ֣лȥʮֵľ
ڻҰΣյĵȻޣ֮⣬Ҫܶ඾档
Ҷ˷ɢʱһȺ˳ԭڵĵط
Ⱥ˹ʮˣЩȻȫ꣬ȴĿ࣬ʱ뺷Ѫʢ
õսõķƾȻҲȺ˵УƺǴͷ֮ˡ
Ȩ˵ûǹȻֿˡתͷߵһ꣬ţԵ
ֻҪǻҵۻϳͲòֿȨڣҲֿٰ˱ֿ˶һǱɣ
ǵֲüͷ
ֲûϵһС֮ϸȥɱ˾СߣһЦ
˾ˬѾ徳شԲûô׶ԸƿŹꡣ
ˬҲֻ徳ضѣƣѵɣЦЦ
ߣˬûʸҺ£Ц
ٺ٣ĸֻԸ˿ˬȥ϶ᱻŵЦ˾ٺٹЦ
ĸֵĻɱˬѡȨڡ
ٺ٣ɱɵӾȻܵõ˽Ʒ似û뵽ǸôֵǮ촽
ҲЦˡ
ʮˣһҪɱɾҶ峤һ֪ˬɱģ϶ᱨǣȨȻѵ
ģ˭ҲܲˣЦϳš
ţʮ˷ֳ飬ÿ˸ˣͷ֡飬ֱ𡢷ơ˾Ȩӣĸ˿ɶ徳صߡ


19 ϳ
Ҷ˲֪Ѿ׷ɱ˿̣Ѱҳۻϳ䡣
ܣ徳ޣͰԶһ㣬ǧҪˬҶ塣
֪ˣ磡Ҷ˵ͷ徳޻ڵܹġ
ȻҶţ徳صޣҲδûκߵĻᣬΪӵ֡
Ҷʦܣǵһμӿ񣬾鲻㣬ޣҺˡЦЦķǳϡ
ʦ֣ڿɲǷˣҶЦ
ûûЦ
ףпʯˬɫȻһ䣬һ˹ȥ
ҶͰҲ˹ȥǸոˬߣͼˬһĴָСĻɫʯ
̫һʯֿʯֻиĿɽСˬܰѿʯģ϶ǳۻ
ۻΪʲôѿʯˣǲԿʯΪʳ𣿡Ҷɻ
ߣȺֻԵĲ֣һʯʣǸͲԣ޵
ЩʯƬң˵ҵǵϳˬЦۻͷҲ󣬾㵽ǵϳҲ£¾ٶˡ
ûЩߡֻһѣƾѾ㹻ǣǳ˷ܡ
ѰſʯƬһ·׷١
գһϿȣϿзһ궴
ۻͨѡȻѨΪϳѨƸӣкܶٺӲݡ˽붴ѨУĿĹˣɽзּʯƬ
Ȼǳۻϳˬϲ
Ȼֻಡƿ
Сģ˷żҶɫ䣬æڵϡ
ˬͰĶҲҶһ˵ϡ
ಣһ֧֧ǱϵȥϹʢѪ
ƣǰʯϣ硣Щǿÿ֧´ǧ
ܣǧõı󣬼ǧ֮ˬɫء
磬Ǹ塣Ҷɫ΢䡣
壿⡣
ûǸ壬ЩʯӦǹģǵĿġӦΪǽˬ˲䷴Ӧ
ˬѾ鿴ɽû·ʵҲûƭ㣬ȷʵǳۻסĵطһ·׷ЩǸ붴ѨѾɱˡһɽ
Ȩˬɫһ䡣
磬Ȩ˭Ҷʵ
Ȩõˣ˺õÿδԣǿıߡɫ
ûҶϳԹܶˬɫء
õҡҶ˲׹ȷʵܲ򵥡
ˬҶѾɱˣʬ棬ҪҪȨڣǳƣ˵ĸоǳѹ֡
ߣȨΪһ𣿡ˬЦ
ಣˬһڣһ֧ʸɽǿˬŵĵط
ˬɫ䣬æطܿƵһ档
ˬǵļܶ࣬ܵÿһܲڶȨЦ䣡
ಡ
ɽΣЩȫ˵棬ȨѾϵҶ˻ڵϡ
ҶͰæɽ䣬ܿ飬
ˬļûôױܿȨ˵𣬼䣡
ಣɽÿ֧ȼգɽ
ɽУɽеٺӲȼѨʱһƬͨ¶Ȼ
ܣҺ棬ҴǳȥˬȻתͷҶˣ
ȵȣҶ忴ɽ˵ǳƻܲԼ·
ҶʦܣȨѾ˵û·̾
ûУҶȻʵ
ˬͰɫ΢䣬ϸһɽĳطȻз
ɽӦû·Ҷطɽһʯƿ
ʯȻи󣬵ǡһȥ
ˬͰ˴ϲ
磬ߣҶ忴ſˬˡ
˵˶ѨҶ󣬿ˬǰ
Ѩۣ߹հ˹գҲ֪ͨʲôط
ڣˬֻǰȻʣֺֿ⡣
Ȼһƿһ֧ŨѪ˿ˬıϡ
ˬɫ˲ò԰ףʹĹ˵ϡմӶѨİɵҶ忴ˬϵļɫ䣡
Ҷ̧ͷȥԶһվһˣѾ˹׼ڶ
ۿ˼ڶˬȻͷųʢѪһǹ˳ȥ
ǹЮŨҵѪƿһ̶
˼ͬʱҲ˼Ķˣǹϣ˲仯촷ۡ
ͬʱǹƲϵˣһǹ˵ţĶ˴֮ϡ
һжڵʯ֮䣬ˬǹɫ¶ʹ֮ɫֵϥڵء
Ҷ忴ſˬıֻĵطѪҺʳȪӿ
磬㡭ɫ䣬Ѿŵòôô졣
ʦ֣ϷŴ뿪ȨӦϾͻ׷Ҷ忴Űɫ米ļʱܰγƻأ
ܣͰߣˬҧɫѾ԰ֽ
磬Ѿˣһߣ߲Զʱ˶붼ҶɫǣͰʦߣ
ܣǵҲ徳ڶأֻˬԺǳ⡣
ðɣ磬ҪߵĻǾһߣҶתղ֮ڵĴ
ˬͰȥֻҶѳǹγ漴
ţҶܵǰӳĳڴ˫ųǹ͵Ĵ̳ʯ䣬ڴʱʯ
һкҶˬߣɫߣϾͻ׷
ˬͰ˵ͷ
˳ˬĽŲ鸡еĵĸоȻеһӰܴ
ûãҶסĳһըʯ׷ɡ
ţһ˴ӳڴ˳Ȩ
Ȩһע⵽ԶµǸˡ
ǵˣһɫ䡣
Ұ⸽ţΪԷһû뵽ǳ⡣
ȨüͷȻɫһ䣬һӵԶŵϵѪ
༸Ҳ˹һϲˣ
ǿѪֻǿˬģȨЦǵ˲ûа
˵ţͻȻǹǿѪ׷ȥ༸˽
ˬ徳۷ߣһѪʢֻ֮Ҫﵽ徳أƤбǿܸӦЩѪ


20 ɱ¾
УҶ˷ټ硣
ȻˬһģڵءҶͰɫ䣬æͣſˬ
ˬɫӲ԰ףҶ壬ҧߣ
УҶɫҪߵĻһߣ
ûܴ磬Ҫһߣľõ˾Բͬ飡ǳ
ܣǿ϶ѰҵѪ׷ǸһҲˬŴǣǲлߣ֮ȥȱ
û˵꣬ˬѾڵء
ıѾѪҺȾ죬Ҳ֪˶Ѫ
ʦ֣ȥţ˵ĻһҶȻ̧ͷŰ
ҶʦܣʲôɵҶ塣
ˣҶıǳࡣ
ԥһ£յ˵ͷܵԶΪҶڡ
ĿͰߺҶ忴ſˬϵļ̧֣ͷų˺ɫ塣
ţҶסͣ˲仯ĩɫɡ
ˬڻһضϼҶ弯עƷ˿ˬ˿Ϸúɫ˿档
͡
ˬڵһضϼһ飬󱻺ɫɡ
Ҷ岻̫죬ÿһͣһ£ȷѪҺӿŽſƺɫɶϼ˲ѶϼˣѪҺضͻȻ
Ƭ̺ҶڰѶϼ꣬СİѺɫ̵У˴ѪѾͷ󺹡
ţҶѿˬˣΪˬ˿ڣ·ɾ˿ˬϵѪʱˬ·һѪ£ѪζŨҡ
һУҶת򰢺ڵĵطƼҶʵҶʦܣܴôˣ
ϵѪѾܵ㱳Ŵ磬ĵطߣŴ·ȥǣҶ˵ĻᣬѾǼѪ£ת֡
ҶʦܣһסҶ壬±õ
Ҷʧҧҧתˬſˬʼ˷Ӵܡ

ͬʱҶѾѪ±˺Զһξ룬·ϵѪҺڵϡ
ң涵ȦӣһһңֶŨҵѪѪ˺ѣвͬĵطȻͬһطķǳ򶫱ߣ
һȨ˾ͲܸѪ׷ˡ
ȻȨͣȷʵ֪óĸط׷ˡ
磬ô£񵽴ǿˬѪһ꿴Ȩ
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֪׷涵ȦӡȨȻЦ
༸궼ǳ⣬ѾҲˬΪʲôȨЦôģ
ҵ֤ƺأصѾܺԿĵزȨ˵
ԣǰһ
һ飬ʱ׼ͷң΢٣Ȩ˵ЩʲôŴһ걼֡
༸ֳ飬ֱͬķ

ոûãڵϿһεѪҺѪʢҹıʯ
ˬѪڸһڡ
ߣ˳ŵЩѪ֡
ܿ죬ѪҺټʧˣһۣüͷ
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ѵѾֹסѪһ²⡣
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ɫ䣬æಣɫѪţһľͷϡ
ܴǧľͷк󵹷ɳȥһ׹ԶĲݴС
Ȼоɫ䣬æܡ
Ѿˣ
˵ľѾĺףѪҺ䣬ɢɫĹâ
ľγڵأоǾֺ֮ɫ
ͻȻ͵ϮˣҶ壡Ҷһ־ǡʮеļһٶȿþˡ
䲻Ļҿɱ徳ڶߣ徳ߣЩѶȡҶֳĴ򶷺ۼãʬ壬
ͬʱһ䣬һ죬ɫ΢䣺ѵѾҵ˿ˬ
뵽촽ת˹ȥ
ܿ죬˸ղҶɱͬĵط
Сӣȥʲôطˣûһ
ܿ죬һԱ߿һˣȻڴϣȷ˾ͬ顣
СӾȻ͵Ц˹ȥ˵ĺ󱳡
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طɲǣûʶѾ˼ڲݴе٣
Ȼ˷ĴϣïܵҶУһִľͷɳȫ꣡
ɫ䣬æطಣոչľͷղ֮ء˭촽ǳ־壬δ֪ĵ˲µģ
ȻһѪɫֹǵһ㣬˱޿ɱܡ
ɫ䣬æǰһԾܿ˽ȻѾܿ˽ĺ󱳻ǱѪˣѪȪӿ
ûеӦղŹٴһɱ缲硣
žʹһݣʮԶնյıܿһ
Ӧö㲻ˡһĮȻУţһĺ
ʱſɱ֮˵ף϶˵㡭ôܣǡǸ
û˵꣬Ѿˡ
Ϊɱģʱ뿪ˡҶʬݴ
Ҷչٲﱼȡ
ȾѪҺ·˵֮£ѪµĵطѪŨңȨ˿϶ȥ鿴һ
·ĵطǡúߵķ෴ԣϲȨˡΪȨȥĵطȫܵķ෴
ű·ˣ˾Ȼõˣһ徳ߣ
ٺ٣粻õңȻҪߣǸСЦ
һΪ̫ˣû뵽ȻĲ¶ˡǸ徳ҲЦǰôûҶôƻǵһߣʵȴһߡ
ȨҶɫȻ䣬ȴȨļɵ
֣ôֻɵӣˬأȻüͷҶȥ
Ҷû˵ֻ¶ˡɵЦ


21 ֮
ˬҶ壬ǸС
Ҳ˵Ҷҡҡͷ
ٺ٣ɵӣֻҪѿˬǣǾԲΪ㡣СЦ
˵Ҷ廹ҡͷǳ
ߣߣҶ壬ץҶ塣
ҶĺˣСĵڵء
ߣȻҲ徳ڶأֱǸ漣󺺼ЦȥٴץҶ塣
ҶĿȻһһͻȻһѺɫСǡ󽣵֡
ѽ̫Сˣûע⵽
Ҷ֣ˡơ꣡м̧ץҶơ
һ̣𾪵鷢ˣҶеĽͻȻ䳤߳Ĵ󽣣
ɢȵѪ⣬պҫ֮
Ҷ屾ֻһǧٶǴѪ󣬾Ȼ˲䱬ǧٶ
û뵽ҶлͻȻð󽣣û뵽ҶͻȻ
ˢ˿֮ϣ󵱼ѣ˲ԶȵѪ

жʱĲҽ
磡Сɫ䡣
ȻҶȻ꣬һ˦еߴ󽣣ˢһ˿󺺵šһҶʹˡʮеĵһ
ڳ֮ǰҶѾ֣󽣵յѪԽ࣬Խǿԣô˽ʮ֮Ѫɫ˲ò԰ס
ʮ֮Ѫɢҫ۵Ѫ⣬İյͨ
ǧ
һ󽣵ľȻӵ˽ǧҶ
һ徳ߵҲֻǰǧѡǸ꣬츳Ͳôߣֻ徳أӵǧѡ
껹ûдӶʹзӦ߳ĴѾšʱͷ­룬ѪҺ˷
ǸСѾŵȷ͵ڵء
ʱߴ󽣺Ȼƾʧͷ­Ŀ굹ѪС
ţҶȻҲ˵ϣֻ˫֧ҡҡ׹ӡ
ͻȻȫʮ֮ѪҶѾܲסȫվûС
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󽣵ֵǷǳֲÿʹöĴѪһͨʹüΣԻΪѪľ
Ȼ˽ŲҶ建̧ͷȥ˾ȻǸղܵС꣡
ϵѪ΢
С껺Ҷ壬Ÿ촽Цԭ㲻ɱңˡ
Ҫɱ㣬練ơҶ忴ſʬ壬Ц㻹ǵøղôɱ𣿡
Сͫһͣ˽ŲҼҶ塣
ŲţֻҪһɱ㣿ҶЦٺ٣ֻǸտʼ߶ѣסҵĽ𣿡
ղšղǰѽȥʲôطˣСĭ
ҶЦ
ȻСɫ䣺֣ղõĶǵ֣
û뵽һŵӣȻҲ˽֡ҶЦЦ
ҲŵӣΪʲôϵ֣СŵĿҶ塣
ϵĿһҶЦ㻹ûлشҵ⡣
һ̸ҵʱҲڳġС˵˵˺ܶ࡭Ҽǵã˵֣ƺϵȻϵȻϵϵֲϵ
˵С궢Ҷ壬Цˣ϶Ϊʹ˵֣ԲŻ
Ҷɫһ䡣
ȻСЦųҶ壬һȭҶͷ­ȭͷѪƣȼա
Ҷ͵ҧٴͷų󽣵֡ͷŲǰֵġɵ֡ͷ˳
Ҳû룬ʹ̧֣ճȭͷӭȥ
СһȭҶȭͷϣ˳ҶȭͷСֱϡ
˲䣬СֱֻʧɫˡͬʱҶҲ÷ȥһֱʮͣ

СҽУĺˣ״
֡ǵ֡С꾪֣תܣˡ

ʮʱ䣬СѾ˺ü·
ȻһӰ
о׷С꾪֣תˣ˵ɲǣɫȻһ䣺㡭
Ļû˵꣬ԷľѾĺͻȻֵ˾ȻҶ壡
ɱСҶ崭Ŵγľĺ˵ϡͬʱСҲز𣬵ɴ۾
ɵ־ȻԲʧѪҶߴŴ
ԭղźɫ̵Сֱ֮ʹҶͻȻָһѪ
ָ˲ѪԺҶҲû룬ϰѿʬˣ漴ʼ׷СꡣȻ󣬾ͷ˸ղС걻ɱһĻ
Ҷ巢֣󽣵ĵѪɵֲѪȫȡ
ɵ˿ȫѪȻָֻһСѪ»ûĵʮ֮һ
һ˵Ѫܲ䣬ˣˡҶĿһߵСʬԣַʬϣͷų˺ɫ塣
ת˲֮䣬ʬʧӰ٣ȫɸɾ
ҶʱоڵѪָֻһС֡
Ȼ徳ص߶ס󽣵Ĺʹô󽣵ʱĵѪʵ̫ˡ
ôѪֻܷͬҶ屾µҲһǧٶ
ֻôյѪͻһЩĻָҲöࡣҶԸȨ綼˼ɵˣ˱ض徳ߡ
Ҷ徳ǧҵôѪҲ൱ֻʹһ䲻⣬Ҳɱǣ
徳ߣÿγֶǧҵٶȾˡҶ˴󽣵֣Ҳ˵ߡ
Ҷ˷Ȩ뷨֡
ûãҶڵĵطĸˣΪ֮Ȩ
ôˣһüͷ
ǲˣѾɱˡȨڣǵѪŨҵѪֻ˲ŻСʧˣȻǵʬѾɱǵ˲ˡ
ԣɫ䣬ɱǣҲҪ徳߲У
ѵˬûˣֻܵ˲ءȨüͷ
磬ˬ϶ûˣﶵȦӣ϶ɱˣһ¶˿־֮ɫ
ԣɫˡ


22 ż
ˬˬһǵ͹㡭Ȩ
磬ڸô죿뿴Ȩ
ǰ׷ȻԸǣӦòߡ˵ţȨѾ֡
һۣȥ
ͬʱҶͣ˼ڴʧѪûȫЩ顣
ȻһӲԶСܵĻǿ죬ٺ٣Ѿˣܲ˶Զ
ϧҪʱ˾Ҳھͺˣܲˡһ˿ڡ
ܣҶɫ΢䡣
ʱһĿ𣬻ص֣
ߣҵˣԶе˼۶ȥ
ҶչӰٲȣҿ̫±е徳߷֡
ܿ죬ǰͣҶԺбǰ
ǰĸˣܿĸˣа˸һȻĸ徳еһ˾
¡¡ˮڶҶ̧ͷ˾ǰֻһٲֱ£עˮ̶ˮ
˾磬ˮ̶棬֮һֱûгһ꿴˾
һֱûг˾ĿһЦеĿˮ̶Ƭ̺ЦôʱȥˣѾˣʬӦûḡ
˾˼˵༸ɫ΢䡣
Ұȥ֪ͨƺǣ˵Ѿҵˣһˮ˾ЦЦˮ̶༸
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߸ȫʧˮ̶УͬʱʣǸ
ҶƬ̺󣬲Ŵصĵطˮ̶
ˮ̶֮£Ҷ岻ǱգٲƼһѨ˶Ѩ
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Ҷͷŵ棬һӡܶȻ˾Ѿܶ
ܻҲ桭ҶĿһܶ
ܿ죬Ҷ˾˵
⼸ʯ˭ٳģǰˣ
˾磬Ѳĳֱչصң
пܣһ˹ؼʱ̣Ҹĵطأ˾˵ɵɢޣЩûͬʦֵֻܻҸصĵطչء
촽˾˷ܵĴҿûĸ似
Ҳ˷׷ȥʯҡ
Ҷ̽ͷȥܶȻкܶʯңȫұϿġ
Ȼһʯڴߣ
һҽдʯʹ˰
˾ɫ䣬ղŽʯ˿徳ڶߣȻ˲ͱɱˡ
ȻʯгһɫߣдȰִɢȵѪ˲ֱӡ
徳ޣ˾ɫ΢䣬ȳߣ徳Ҳɱȥ
ʣ徳ڶصԶԶ˿徳ޣһȥ㱻һ¾ͻˡ
飡˾Χʩչ似ȵѪסǵ˫ۣҫ֮
Ȼ˾˫ѪʢŵضԾ˺ͷָճצץںͷ­ϣͷ­飬ȵѪҺĴɽ
һӦǧҶɫأô󽣵֣Եס˾һץ֮
˹˹˹˹˹
ʯ߳ߣȫ徳ڶޣϽͣ˿ȵѪȫ
ôôߣ˾ɫ䣬æֶԸߡ
ոճ߻ûбɱǰ߳ʯңȻӳߡЩ߾粻ȣЩ徳һأЩ徳ڶأҺû徳صߡ
˾æڶԸߵʱҶɫһ䣬ֻһʯУһӰݳ˾һǹ˾ͷ­
ͭǹϲŨҵѪ̱һ
˾ɫ䣬һצץ˳ߵͷ­ͬʱܱĳǹ
˻ǹ˾绮˼ϵƤ⣬ϧûдҪˣ˾ֱۣڶʱҲʧȥս֮
˾תһˣȻǳ
ѾѪҺȾ죬Ȼ֮ǰܵˣղ͵Ϯ˾ʱֻǹ
һǹ˾󣬳ʩչٲ˼
˾׷ߣȫ徳ڶޣ
ҧҧ˾ֻܷ׷ɱתԸߡ
ûԸ˾ˣҲ߰ͷ˹
ߣһǹ˳ȥǹѪɫǹ
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ʯǰܶУ˿ѾҳһƬÿ˶ӦߣɱҲɱꡣЩȻֻ徳һأ޵ʹټǵ̫࣬ѾЩġ
ʱҶȻʩչӰٲٶȳ˳ȥǰ˾
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ֻ˾һצץסһߵͷ­ߵ˳ޣһ˦
ҶҲ¶˲мͻȻˡ󽣵֡
ȫʮ֮Ѫȫô󽣵գ󽣶ʱ߳ͷųҫ۵Ѫ
ˢ˦Ҷȱ룬ţ˾ıϡ
߱ɲǣ˾Ѿʶ͵ĳǰһԾȻûܶ㿪󽣡
ѪҺ˾ıɽ˾ǰһ£һֻ˾Ƥ⣬ûɱ˾
һ󣬴󽣵־ʧˣҶɫ԰ף˳ץס˱ߡ
֡ɵ֡ͷųɫסߣ˲仯촷ۣɵĸɸɾ
ѪָһСֺҶһԾʬԣץסʬ塣
ߵʬ壬˲䣬ʬ廯촷ۣɴҶѪָֻһС֣
Ҷյڶߵɲǣ˾Ѿڵأɫ԰ֽ󱳶Ѫɫ
Ҷһ˾ڵʯ֮䣬˶ں߽֣ûע⵽ο˸˾ΣգϾ˾徳ߡ
ȻһսõɱԼߣͷһʱ˹ڵص˾
˾ˣɫ䣬һ˾
༸ԣɱߣͷһ˾Ȼˡ
Ҳ˾ˣʱϲ漴Ȼ
ȻƼ˵ϥصҶ壬˿̵ҶѾʮߣʧѪָ˴󲿷֡
СģߣҶ̧ͷųɫ䡣
æתһǹ̴ߵͷ­ѪҺɽ
ѾˣɱҶ忴˳һֿۣǼ껤ס˾
һҲû룬ųǹɱ˾ˣ


23 
ɱһ徳ս˳ȥͳɱ
Ѫɫâǹâ裬ӰдٶѸ缲硣
Ҷġԭǹһǹ̳ѪǹǻԭƲɵ
սõġѪսÿŷܲƣҲԵֵ
˽ʮкսõѾв֧Ȼֻ֣Ȼǿ˺ܶࡣ
ڴҶУ츳ԿŽǰʮǹȫѹսõꡣ
㣡Ǹ徳ս˳
ΧȫѪּ䣬սѪɫâѳĽȫ
ȻҶ岻֪ʱ˾
СĺСӣ˾Ҷ壬ˡ
ʣµ徳ڶɫͬʱһ䣬׷׼սתҶ壡
ҶŲ̤Ӱٲӵһߣһꡣ
һǡ˻һѪݻĽ꣬޿ɱܡ
꼱ˣǻǳˣϣ϶ʱۣ
ͬʱѾߣֱӵҶ壬սɢҫ۵Ѫ
Ҷ屩ˣնյıܿ˵Ĺ
ţҶһһ꣬һ
꼱æˣͬʱսظ񵲡ľսϣ֮ɣԶ
ҶɲǣһץסᣬȻսҶͷ­
ϬһҶһսϣѪľĽ⴦ǣ㵹˷
սľһɣбб˲Զĵϡ
ͬʱҶѾأɲǣ֮꣬һ̳һ
ܲʱľ̴˺һʵ̫죬ϡӰٲ죬缲硣
ɱĸ˺ҶȻоƿæתľŵǰ
һսնɱҶľϡ
Ҷ߷ݣɳʮײ׹ڵء
ȻѾˣһǧһľѣסҵս
֮˾Ȼ˾˾ȻϥأȻǹڵϰսҶġ
Ȼ˾ɫ䣬ƼԶҶȻ
ҶľûжϣҶĻѾѣֻȫѪɢɫѪ⡣
ôܣ˾һʱǣ˱ˣɫ԰ס
ȻҶ弲˾ľ˾Ĳϣȵ֣ͣǵѾץסˣ
Ǻͳֵ徳б˾ڷ򣬹Ȼ˾Ѿץס
׷ˣֹͣΧ
ѵˣҶ忴꣬俪ڡ
Ҫģǰѵˣɣ˾Ŵ
ٷϻĻɱ㣡˾ߣЦһһǹǹʱƽ˾
뿪Ǿ鷳ˡ
˾Ҷãǵ˶ѾУʱǿȥ
˵ĳµż뿪ǰðʯҶһ顣˵˾ȻˣɱϾ徳ߣȥʯ濴
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ܿ죬ҶͲ鿴ʯңܳһ֮⡣
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ʯлһʯȻһ似Ҷ似һⱾ似Ȼһ˽Ʒ似󾢡
ûϸⱾ似Ҷת߳ʯҡ
磬ҵ似𣿡ʵ
ûУҶɨ˾һۣҡҡͷ˾ǰѵõ似˵Ȼ˴Ҷ֮Żѵõ似¸߳
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оȻһˮͰСĺɫͷųҫ֮Ѫ⡣ɫߵȭͷСʯͷɢŨԪЩʯͷȻȫԪʯ
ԪʯԪᾧγɵĶǳ󣬷ΪƷƷƷƷ
ҶɫȻһ䣬ֻɫȻҲǲǰƷҩ¾֮һ
Ƥ˺ܶƣƺȥУͷȻƺڷĳɱ䡣
Ҫˣ˾ʧɫ
Ҷɫ䣬ԭ߾ɽУΪɱѹǰܶôߡ
Ȼ£ǯƵצץ
ͷһɶҺܿ˶ҺĹҺڲԶУͣƬֱҺʴ촷ۡ
ÿµĶҺսõǺȻʧɫ
ֻûߺҶĿһµ˻⡣
ȻӶѪ籩к
ɢ׹⣬ȫѪ͵ҺҺ衣
͡
ҺѪײ貵Ĺ⻪ҫ֮
𡭡һХ쳹˷羪׺涼Ϊ֮
ͷϼħҶһ𣬺֮󣬱ضᳬԽ¾Ұ޿϶úԳɹ
𡭡ϼħزԶĿɢ˵׹⣬ȫѪʢ̫ҫۡ
Ҷ˵뿪ҲҷĶҲˣʱߣֻֻ¾޵ע⣬ʮΣա
Ȼϼħ̧צһץȵѪŷնɱ
ѾɱĹؼʱ̣Ҳƶԭţſ˶
ɫ˷ַԲɣɢʲôʲôͻĩǳֲ
ǼѪ֣Ҳ𽥱䵭δնɱǰѾʧӰ١


24 콾
³ĶǳֲȻϼħͻҲҿ
ֻҪܰؿڣ˵ͿԻԳɹҶ
Ȼˮ̶ˮˮŨ̲ڡһȫʢѪĹɳˮ棬Ҷǰ
ͻȻֵĹǳƣȴ˶ޱȣߡңϲۣɢĿĹʡ˳ԾǣﱳȻг򣬺һ
ޣսõļ꾪֡
Ժеļ䣬Ҷ˽⵽޼ȿˮУҲ½ϣԷɵϣǿޱȡ
ȻſˮΣ籩꣬˶֮ϡʱˮγɢٴγǰȻѾʼƤϳۣ
ֻ¾Ƽɱɹͬʱ˺úأ
ںֻɱɲǣһ˳ꪴԶ񣬳ϹŨʢѪȼյĻ档
ͬʱһ˳ǹһͭҲͬķ˹ֱ޺ϼħ
ֻ¾ܵٶȷǳ죬˲ͱܿĹ
ȻĵʢѪزԶȻĸˣֽס˸ղŹ޵
Ҷɫ΢䣬ĸ˵Уֱ̫ʷֺͶɱ
֮⣬û뵽ȻҲˣǿ϶ҲΪ˺ɫһ䡣
޽㣬ϼħ㣬񽻸ң̫ʷϵܣͽˣɱȻһȫѪεض𣬳ͭɱ˻
ͬʱҲֱ˸Եޡ
̫ʷȫѪһꪴ˺
Ѿ˻ԵĹؼʱ̣޷ֻͭꪻɱ
Ǿʱˮ̶ַɳһֻޣſһ磬ˮʮѪɫâնɱ̫ʷ֣
ߣ̫ʷߣ͵̳ȥѪɫââײһ𣬺ıըڶ
Ȼ̫ʷְεض𣬳ɱޣͬѪɫ磬ٶȿò˼顣
ʱһһڸ߿ɱٶȼ죬ҶֻܿŻȵѪƲش
¾߹Ȼ£Ҷٴα¾ߵ𺳡
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ҪߵʱһɫӰ߲ԶʢѪϯ˷Ѫ̫ǿֱ涼³˺ü磬ʵڿֲ
Ҷתͷȥ˴ɫۣʹŶʮӣüбɣ
ᣬҶ˼꣬ɾȻӵļµϢʵ𾪡
Գɹ˲䣬󡭡أûƼҶһ
˵ͻƵ¾¶ڴ
ԣҶɫˣᣬȻѾ
Ҳ𾪣˱ضڵ콾֮һ򲻿˸Ϊ
һ죬ҶػᳬԽЩˣݵĳԾҶָƽĳ֣Ҫǿ顣
Ȼؼſ񱩵Ϣ˾ͺ֮С
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ӥҶ˲Զɫ΢䡣
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ҵ֣Ҷɫ΢䣬ҲǳԾǵһμҵ֡
¡ֿȭӥɱһһޣͬ߹ҲգײѪ
ǿȻͽֺ޲ɱ𾪣ڼʶ˵ֵĿֲ
֪ҵɵ֣ܲɵķСҵĴ󽣵֣ܲķҶһ߹սһ
֪ĵֵжǿϾֻõֶԸŵӣûԸӵеֵˡ
¡ȭͷٴκӥצײҫ۵Ĺ⻪
ӥϾȻ˿˼ʮס
ӥɲǣһִֻצƲץ£ץͷ­
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Ҷ̧ͷƲ㣬ֻһֻ˶޴Ʋ˳Ѫ糱ϯ˷
ֻʨףų嫣
ʨգڵ꿴ͻȻֵޣɫء
ȻʨճźȥȻҲΪ˺ģ
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ҶĿȥ˽üĿʷǷҲӦòᳬʮ
ʯ죬ǰҼսһ𾪡
˾ȻĴ콾֮һҲһ
ղӦҲڵĴ콾֮һսһ徳صҲ²
ȻǽʯЦܣʨҰ㵲ˣõ֮󣬿ɲҪΪ֡
ЦУʯѾҵ֡ʨϿɱȵѪɢʱƬֻ촷ۡ
ͬʱǱʯΪܡ꣬׷ź
ֻӥ׷ȥʯͻȻ̧һץѪ罣նɱӥӥ赲
ʯȻһ˵סֻޣ𾪡
ʯƺѾԽѵ¾ĸ֣Ҷ²⡣
䡭
ʯһ˶սʨպӥɱԶУֳƬ˲䱻ȵѪճ˻ҽվȻɢѪӳ죬ѪȾ񷡣
ͬʱ̫ʷֵ˺༸ֻޣҲɱѽѷ֣ؼĺþòɢ
ܣ˾ȥЩԪʯҶ岻ȳӦѾƹˮ̶˺ԭڵء


25 ̫ʯ
ԵأҶʱ˺µƤԪʯ֮⣬ɫʯҶ岢֪Щʯơ
Ԫʯܶ࣬ʯҲ٣Ҷ֪ôЩߣϵƤӸװЩ
գҶƤͲԪʯ뵽жܿ죬ͰƤٿԪʯƤС
ת뿪ʱһأ嫵ѪѹҶ壬Ҷ崭
Ҷ忴ˣǸʮĿ󺺣ǳ粻͡
СӣЩõģ󺺻ڡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ǵãǶõǿߡ
Ѷ£Ϲһ
ʲôᣬǲҶֱӿ󺺣治ɫ
ŶЦСӣû뵽Ҳмֹ
ҶЦʱ׼󽣵֣󺺺ǿҲΪᡰϱӲᣬⱲҲᣡ
ȻһЦӿ󺺱ױɱľõˣµҰɣ
ҶĿȥһ˳ڿ󺺱˳һųŨüۣľõĸڶǿߣ棡
棡ױɫ΢䡣
Ҷ壬뿪ҺױѾܾûˣùСЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ뿪ɫӰȻһС
ս׺³ǳ࿡֮³ݴ֮׺ᣬʱ򶼺ʹҶ峤йٶԹ
ˣɫˣҶɫҲˡ
ϵܣҲҸ˹У˵ô죿׺Ц
ϵܣȻеĻ̫ʷˡһ󺺴Ȼأ𶯣ľ̫ʷˡ
Ĵ˲ͣѹֶһҶһ
΢΢˿̫ʷٲĶ϶ᱻ׺³ȫߡ
̫ʷʵˣĳ硣һת׺Ц̫ʷ֣Ķô죿
̫ʷֿԶں޼սĶɱˣЦڴˣǰЩˣ»ܶ鷳
ûҶĴٲԪʯԶɱݣԲҶôǣ׺˰Ԫʯˣɱ˿϶ᵱʲôҲû
׺³ɫ΢䣬ȻҲʶһ㡣
ȻӰ¡һУǶɱ
ʯүѾȥ׷ɱˣǾͰԪʯ˰ɡɱ̫ʷֵˣ˵ʯүʯүݣǲῴЩԪʯġ
Ͱ˵İɡ̫ʷֵ˵˵ͷ
ʯҶһʯӦʼֵǸꡣ
û뵽ﻹ̫ʯЩʯ̫׽̣϶üǮɱŵĿʯ
Щ̫ʯȥõԪʯϣ̫ʷЦˡ
ҶпЦղװƤģȻȫԪʯƤľȻЩʯ
ܿ죬ɱ˾ͰбﶼϷ֣Ҵű뿪ˡ
̫ʷֲǿصĺѣ˲ԪʯҶ塣
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׺³һЦҲתȥ
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˴󹦣̫ʷֺͬʱЦˡ
ţ̫ʷЦ֮ͬ䣬Ȼ˻ɱǲһЩۣһҪѴʱϱү
үǶʯ幣

ʱҶ˴˾صľԺţ֪ͨսãսõľˣǣľõȫŻ⳥ʮԪʯͰѴͱǶȥ
գսЭˣ˰˺Ԫʯȥľá
ȻЩҶ岢֪Ѿصķ䡣
ڡ
Ҷóʯҵõ似󾢡
ⲿ似أɵһأֵʱİٽɵڶأ߰ٽɵأǧ
ⲿ似ģ似ߵҪǳϿ
һصҪ󣬱徳ڶߣڶصҪ徳أصҪ徳أ
ԽͣѶԽ
뿪ľԺʱ䣬Ҷ٣һǧ߰ٶȫѾ˴롣ԣһӦòʲô⡣
Ҫɡ󾢡һأѧѹѪ
ΪѪ֮Ԫ֮徳ߣǺѪ֮ѪԽʢԽŨңѪ֮Ȼ͸
ѪҺܣҲʢ뿿ԼȥÿѪ
ʵѪѪԽԽЩ֮Աǿ󣬺ӴѲ˹ϵġ
˿Ѫ⣬İ취ǾѹѪѪøӳܡѪóܺȻҲ֮ӡ
󾢡ǿѹѪߵģ
ѹѪǵķֶԽǾİ취ĳ̶ȾԽԡ󾢡صİ취ȻõģڵҶ˵Ѿǰˡ
Ҷʯϣʼա󾢡ķѹѪ

ҶѧϰѹѪʱķڣֺͷƵˣɫĵһûõķﶼԸˣǷǷ
Ƶ˵ɫЩѿȴҶ˵ʲô
õĻᶼ˷ѵˣ˵ԺôһԸ
ʦ֣ȥ񣬵ȥʱǾֺ͡˸ɱơ
ʱҶȻڣٹ죬СȥԵʱˣǻǴԴԸ
ĿһЦ¾ͽˣʲôҪ㾡У
ǣʦ֣ҶϲĿбֺһۣЩ⡣
ֺЦ
Ҳʲô֮ʧڣݱȽ⣬Բھڶ֣ûУ
ֺҶ˵㿩ͷ

ԸҶʱ򣬵õ̫ʯĶɱ뿪ڣ̫ʯ̫׽̵ˡ
̫׽ҲǸɣڸǿȻҲе֡
ϲľԿʯΪԿʯа
ɱ˵̫ʯ̫׽̵ĵϵӣֻ߳С
˿̣һЩ̫ʯ¶֮ɫ
⼸Ҳϸ۲Щ̫ʯ
Щ̫ʯϢͷ̫ˡ
ٺ٣˵Ŀ²Ϣɣ
ҵĸо⣬Ҳоˡ
̫ʯµϢȻ΢ǡ
Ϣ΢ӦǺܾ֮ǰµġ
ȥҲһ飡
˭ȥ¾Բñ֪
ɽɰɣʺϣʯСӺͦġ
ûȷʵʯСӺ졣
Ļȥȷʵʣڵ˿϶ỳʲô
ãͷ
ܿ죬˰Ѽϵľǽɡˡ
һУҶ岢֪Ȼʯ󾢡


26 Ů
䣡ҶȻ˫ۣһȭȭѪҫ֮
һȭ֮ˣǧϵȭ֮ը졣
󾢡һأҶѾɹڻİٽֻٽҡ
ľҶ뿪˷䣬ľԺڵС
Կܲʮеĵ߽һ
һ磬⣬ٶȿ쵽˼£Ѷȷǳ֮
ҶѪʹá󾢡ƮȻµҶһ˳ȥ
ľɢȵѪԲʮڶʱ˻ɫһС
ѪɫһƬƬҶʮƬҶƮڵأѳ롣
УٶȻԶԶﲻ߽Ҫ󣬲֪УҾȻʹ˵һҶ
ղ߽ȴʧˣȻֻʹȻˣҲǿ࣬ò˶ãɵ߽
ָֻ羢͡ȭˡҶѽڵϣֱڵأóظ似
ָ羢͡ȭƷȻߣɶҶ˵ȴǳҪרɱ˵似
似ҵʵ϶ֻһҶ촽ָ羢
֮似Ϊ似ƷһЩֻǷƷѡ
似˵ָ羢顢ͣ͸ǿ似󣬿԰Ѫѹָ⣬˲䱬ȥĴ
Ҫ似ȣָ㹻ǿΣѧѪڼ˵˲䣬ѹָ⡣
ָ羢صѹѪ֮ǳ򵥣ȴǳʵЧ
ָ羢ȻֻǷ似ȴ˿˽似ֱֻ۵ĸ̫󣬶ѪҲǺģΪȱ㣬ֻǷ似Ҷ²⡣
Ҷ似Աߣָɽָʼɡڴָĵֹֿʹáָ羢ʱѪָ
ָĳһһϦģ˼ʱҶͣ
ʱѾ˰
Ҷ˶ȥ˿ʯƬС֡
СոմʯƬʯƬͷˣҶεҡҡͷüͷ׸ôֿܰȥ
˺ܾãҲûףӼꡣҡҡͷԲټȥʯ˯
ڶ죬ҶȥԣʯƬǷˣεЦЦЩԳ˵˵벻ջĪǾԶɹ𣿡
̾˿Ҷ岻ֵʱʼԼָΪָ羢׼
˰Ҷڿʼʽָ羢Ѫ˲ѹָָ罣ɣ
ҶָƤôͣĲҶƮ䡣
ÿµĹҶ΢΢һ徳ߣҲܲסĳ
ָ羢Ҷ岻ԡȭڴ
ȭָ͡羢Щƣͬǣȭʱ򣬱Ѫ˲ѹȭͷ
ȭʱ򣬱ϲ
ȭѪӽŵУֱۣȭͷȻʯ쾪
Ѫѹʱ޷ͬĻѪػ裬ǵ޷ȭ˵Լֱۡ
ȭʱ򣬾ԲѪֻе˺ڣȭǳʱѪѪʱ򣬱ǿѪϾͱеѪ
ͨһҶÿݱԡ͡׽ϴ蹦⣬ǲѪһȭ
ȭͽԽԽҲԽԽʮҶѾǧ
˱ҩ͡׽ϴ蹦֮徳أҶ岻Щ˷ܡ
ʮգĸµʱ䣬ģĸͻƵ徳ءʮ죬ΨһεģӦʯƬϵˣѾʧ˾ŴΣûʯƬϿ֡
˵̫硭ľеЦ徳ߴľ磬һζͼĻẦ㡣
Ҷɫ΢䣬ݵɫЦһеڶѡһϳڣҾûлᱨˡ
˳ĬƬ̣ڵҽȥһЩŵ񣬶һЩǿ߽֣ԴĥһҲֲȱݡ
֪ҶȻΪ̫գ֪᲻˵ķ
ȹЩӣҾȥ񣬱ȽϣҶ似ջҶ
֪ͺá˲ٶԡ
ˣһûеʯƬءҶһЦ뿪˷䣬ľԺѻŲʯƬΪԼװõġ
죬ʮĵʮεʯƬ
Ҷ˶⼸궯飬侲
ô죬ֻҪһҶעͶʯƬϣԣܿƽ
˳׷ɺƺĳľأʯƬȻоʯƬƺ˲١ָоԽԽԣʧܵʵѾʼˡ
һΣʧˣʯƬַˣΣѾˡҶֻ֡ҪѡҶ塱ֶȥ˰Ŀ顣
ƺҪҵĶˡҶƺĳ򣬵ܿʧˡ
뿪Ҷзǳڴĵò˶ãɰĿˡ
ո֣߳ͿһɫӰĽһ䷿䣬䷿ǳķ䡣
˭ȥܵˣҶɫ΢䣬ʩչӰٲӵ˷ԡ
ڣһŮӱҶ壬͵͵Ī淭ţҲ֪ʲô
ŮҶЦЦͻȻһ뷿䣬ץסŮӡ
Ҷոճ뷿䣬ŮӾͷӦһͱܿҶ塣
徳ڶأҶĿ⣬ŮӵٶȺѾʼĤϢѾ徳ڶ۷壡
͵Ϯ𣿡
ŮӺܱ뺷һŲ˴ΣҶǰƵָ˿ȴצ͵ץҶţ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ʩչӰٲӰһܿ˰ŮӵĹ
ͬʱҶûͣ½Ųȣӵ˰Ůӱָ罣ŮӵıġѪʱ䶼˻ɫĹâҫĿ
ָ羢ŮӳԾݵľȺǰһͬʱתһȭҶָ
ҶʱŮӵȭͷŷ貵Ѫȭͷȡ
ûӲӣҶŲƶܿ˰ŮӵȭͷŮһȭҶ屳ǽϡ
¡ǽ˲䵹ʯ׷ɣһȭ֮ǧӽǧʵڿֲ
ߣͲܶ㿪ڶȭŮߣתɱҶ壬һȭҶ壬ȭڵЮʢѪ
ӣҶһˣƮ䣬ٶȿķ˼ȫ徳ڶ߾еٶȡ
ӣɱ˲ɣŮӵӷд
ɱңûǸ£ҶԲˣվŰŮӡ
ಣŮӳʯݣҶڿ˰Ůӵĳࡣ
Ҷü촽棬Ƥ𪣬üżӢĸ飬ʮңȻǾɫǸˡ
ղʲôŮĿҶ塣
ŶҶûлشŮӵĻǻȻԹԵĵ˵ͷ
ŶʲôŶ㻰أŮЦ
ҡŶ˼˵֪֡ҶЦԭ
ƨֲŽŮɫ΢죬


27 Ľ
ˣҽĽ񣡡ŮĹĵĵҶ塣
ӣҲʲôľãľõˣΪʲôҶ˵˵ǲСߴ·ˣԲߵľá
ߣȥʲôطʲôϵĽ˺ߡ
ӣľãľõˣȻȨ֪ΪʲôľáҶЦ
ߣǷӣĽЦٸҽеĻСͷ
ҵͷҶʼ磬ûǸ£
СӣΪĲҸͷ𣿡Ľû˵
㲻ңǸܡҶҡҡͷ
ƾΪҲСĽҲ֪ǸЦ
Ҷٶ죬ĽţֻҪȫ϶ܻҶ塣
㲻ŵĻֻ֣ܶҪˣ䡣ҶЦЦ
ΪߣǲСĽЦ
ӣ춯ְɣҶʼ硣
ߣĽߣȫѪҶ壬һȭҶţȭͷ
ҶʩչӰٲ߰ףĽĹɲӲӡ
Сӣٿ죬Ͼֻ徳ڶضѣ
ĽϵѪȻʢţٴγҶ壬һΣٶһ
˲䣬ĽͱҶǰָ繴ЮŻȵѪץҶĺ
Ҷˣָ罣Ѫѹָ⣬ָɢҫ۵Ѫ
ָָײѪĴ䡣
Ҷֱһ𣬺ʮĽҲһ
ߣСӣҵǧղҪ㼰ʱָ֣ѾˡĽЦ
ӣ󣬲һͻӮҶЦҲҸҵһս
ʲôҵģĽЦһšƮƮķɵ˲ԶĴϡ
ҶԾϣЦӣ˭ȵȥ˭ˣҪСġ
ȵȥ˿϶㣡ĽһɣҶ塣
Ҷתһӵһϡ
ߣܣĽߣһɣ׷ȥ̬飬Ծ
ͬȰ㴩ɺ֮䣬󾢷磬Ҷ¡
ҶٶȺܿ죬ĽٶҲ˵ľʼոһҡ
һʱĽûҶ壬ϢѾʼңϵѪҲ
ʱĽɫѾЩ԰ףûҶ壬½Ƕû
ֹ˰ʱĽѾֲ֧סˣҶ壬Ȼٶȿþˡ
Ľûע⵽Ҷ岻ϴӻȡƤֲɢɫ壬Ƥ˲ͱɡ
ЩƤǺԵʱµģȻСȴ̺ž˵ƤҶʧѪܿ͵õ˲䡣
Сӵ׻ǲˣĽа
ȻҶʧˡ
ãĽݾ䣬æת
ոתͿһŻѪȭͷ
Ҳû룬ĽæȭӭȥһȭײѪ䡣Ľ㲻ȣ£ˤ˵ϡ
ӣˡҶϣЦĸĽ񣬳Ľ֡
Ļ̌ͷҶ壬ҧ촽ߵСӣţﻹģ
ʮҲһģ㲻ҵĶ֡ҶЦЦ
Ȼһ˹ӣô˯ڵϣ
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ܣϵӣҶɫ΢䡣
С棬˵ѾƲʲôطˣҾȻûҵĽ
ơε̯̯֣ӣϴѾ˵Щ̾ҴӴҶģѾˡ
ߣС棬Ϊ𣿡Ľһ
˵ʵ㲻Ҳûа취ε˵
ﲻܣ´ȥҶʱһҪҪһԺȸĽܰԵ˵

̾ơҶ岻ЦˣӺСĪһȻҲǾƹ
Ľ˵ˡص
ĪǷʲô²ɣΪʲô죿Ҷɫ΢䣬
ˡԽԽ
С棬ˡĽȻЦһת֡
ͬʱٴοڣƮҶУߣСӣһġ
ҶεЦˣɵСˣҲĪҪŮˡ
˵ûЦЦֵ磬ȥľõļϵؿʲô¡
Ҷͷ˵ȥ

ܿ죬Ҷͳľõļϵء
˿̣ľõ˶Ѿۼ
ʱһǰڣΣҪѡˣСȥԡȥλĸΪ徳أøտʼ
Ҳ˵ľõĸȥμԡ
徳¡ҶɻȥΣյ飬ǾԽԽ
ȻǸҶڷЦˣպúʣ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ԼȻѡˡ
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Ҷɫ΢䣬˵ͷڴС£жţСŮȷʵ̬
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ܣҪСע⡣ˬҲɫ롣
ٺ٣λҪˣǿ߰ɣЦŴߴ١
Ҷȥ
ܿ죬ʹҶ뿪ľԺ
ûãҶһĹ㳡㳡кܶŵӣȫվŶӣӵһǼݡ
Ǽݿʮˣޱȣɢϼ⣬㳡ǼֻţֻͷҰţҪǿ׳Ϣ뺷
Ǽ󣬿ȴֻ棬һŮɢʢѪǿϢ˷ǸŮֻʮཱུ꣬ģа
ʲôޣҶԱһľԺꡣ
ѾѱҲǳ£ͨ徳ҲδǵĶ֡ĭ
Ǹͷɫ
濴һǸɫ΢䣬Ц񣡡
󲿷ͨˣΪȻ
ʱǼϵŮЦĸ磬Ѿ徳أЩŵӣǲҵĶ֣
ã츳ˣЩŵĶ֣
ǼϣǸɫ۵ЦˣǶ
꣬Ĵ콾֮һʯᣡ
ǣҶԼ׷׹Ӧһ
ҶͻȻһŭǱȻΪ˸ǰСѾͷ
ǿŭҶŵӣһߵǼǰ
ʯϵܣڵŵӿܲ񶼷ǳǼϣһЦ
֣̫׽̿һ̣û츳õŵӣʯЦ
ˣûǵͬſ˵ǸʲôҲǡҶ忴ǼϵˣĿ䡣


28 С
СǼҶǰҶˡ
Ĵãѡʮŵӣȫ徳ڶأҶ嵱ȻҲһ
̫ѿȥСߵһŵǰ˰֡
ǸŵȻˣǺԣǳˡ
̫ˣҲȥСְ˰֡
Сʲô˽𣿡ҶĿһ
ʱСѾҶǰգŴ۾ϸĴҶ塣
ŵӿ͵ͷҶȴûУԶκ˵ͷ
󵨣ȻűСȻŭˡ
ಣಣСĻ˳Ȼ뵱ɱҶ壡
Ҷ治ɫûаͻȻϣЦŹ棬ͬŲܻɱǸҶҵĻǶָŹڲԵڵ˲
СĻɫԱ䣬ҶŴñӿͷϣҶ֣
ǼϣʯǸƼҶȻ侲ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȥ˭ǹģСȻǳ
빫ϢŭϹȥæȥ
ղŻʢ˵СȻֱáаҶ壬Цˣ˶ɢ˰ɡ
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Զɫѿû뵽ҶȻᱻСѡС
ʱСȻЦеĿҶ壬ʲô֣
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Ҷ壿Сһ㶣Ц˵ľи겻徳ڶأɣ㿴һҲȸղЩ˴ˣ
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ĸ磬ӽ쿪ʼҵˣСתͷǼϵꡣ
ø˵ĻʱŵӲʯɫԲܴȥ
ĸ磬ΪʲôС죬ǳˡ
ĸ֪ŵӻȥĻ鷳ɾʹˡʯ˵ң֪ʹʲôϵĻҲԲ㣡
ԣСʱˣֻ˵ȥͲȥ
ãҲ֪ĸΪáʯЦЦ
СЦЦתҶ˵ǶֵʱǧҪ֣ҿǻ᲻˵ģ
ԸˣȻȫҶЦԽԽʯҵԽá
ǰŵӲһҺϲǧҪҴˣ
δ䣬СͻȻ֣ƮƮһҶš
Ҷ岻ʩչġӰٲֻʹ˲ȱĲٶȻǷǳ죬һ¾ͱܿ˴Ĺ
ȻӣСͻȻ˲Ҷǰ
ÿ죡Ҷɫһ䣬ֻʩչġӰٲܣնյıܿСĹ
ףǼϣʯɫȻˣʲôʱʵ
СһٴҶ壬ȫѪջ
Ҷʹ󾢣˲ͬʱʹӰٲСĹ
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֪Сʱ䶼ûѧᷲ似ʯ˵
Ŀһ͡
㿪õĹȻЩǿǣѾ˵򵥡ʯЦѧӦҲ˽Ʒ
ĵλ̫ߣӴ似ҲǷǳõģȻóҶ似ǳ
һŵܾȻܰ˽Ʒ似̶ֳȣʵ޷ȻҲûѧһ似üʯüͷҲ˼⡣
ǲ֪ҶӰٲʱֻһ죡ǿ»𾪵˵
˵ʱҶСѾʮС
СûоȫòҵҺŵӣ׷Ź
ˣˣʹˣˡСȻͣ
Ҷȴû֣ͣСЦȻôҾ
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ˣʯһһҶ壬Ҷ˼ҶѪ
̧ͷʯᣬҶЦһƣҶˣձضʮ
ʯἥЦҵ㣡ΪҶʹ֮ĹϵͳɱҶ塣
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̫꣬׽̵콾֮һ׽ɣ
ƣҪޣҿ϶ɱ˵ģ׽Цˣǳš
С˷ܡ

ϣСһ˺ƺƵӿ˻ҰҶ˵ȻҲͬ
СϾŮԺСģҪ׵濴Ҷ塣
ŮΡҶЦҲߵϣԲ˼̤ϡ
ҡͷЦЦСȻˣǵȴ̫ˡ
˭ҶȻʵ
Ǹʯᣬĸ콾ĸ츳õˣ֮һ˵Ǹ꣬ǰΣ̫׽̵ĵϵӵܣ׽ɣ
̫׽̡ҶѾǵһɵ֣ɱҲᵽ
̫ʷϸҹ̫׽̱ڻҪǿǵĽһ˵
Ҷ岻⡣
Ǻǣ²֪һʵֻ޼½һͨĵطѡ˵˵һȱȽǣҲֻǧеһѡ
ҶǳԾԼ˽ʵ̫ˣҲ̫΢ˡû٣˷гһתսи֣һ£
ԺսǰѾ޵УһҲҪ޵Уûе֮ǰȻҲڣѾ˺¸ʱ
ʱ˵ҪΪһѹһиֵʵ̫׽̽ܳΪ˵һѾ޵С
̫׽ӦҲеֲŶԣǵĽѹǿΪ֡Ҷ˵
û̫׽ȷʵе֡˵ӵȻϵ˵֣ϵҲǳ˵֣һ˳Ϊ׼˫
֣ѵ̫׽̵ӵ֣ҶԾ˫ֲôڻɣ
Ȼǣҡͷ̫׽ɣȻףȴֱֺ֡˵̫׽̵ǽֵܣһˡ
Ҷ΢΢˿
ӵֵ˷ǳһûеġˣЩҲеš


29 ʬ
Ҷ潻̸ʱ򣬴Ѿ˻Ұ
ǶᣬץסСЦָԶе档
ֻܴ㣬ڰˮȴСˡ
徳صŵɱ˶ᣬֻ徳ص޶ѣǵĶ֣伸춯ѾɱѪ֡
ôɱҪģСȻŭ
ŵӻ֣̿æͷæС
Ҷɫ΢䣬û뵽СȻ˵ʲôĽ㣬ʲôá
Ƿץֻ޶ᣡС˼󣬼ôҰ
ʯ׽СĻΣա
ʯϵܣҴӦҪΪɱһͷޣ⻰ɲܲ׽ɺȻЦˡ
֣ȱȿ˭ɱޣ㿴ΣʯҲЦˡ
ã׽ɿһʮ꣬Ըƣ
ǣү̬
ɱʯҲԸ£ԭɱҲˡ
ǣүɱ˵ͷ
Ըº׽ɺʯЦͻȻεض𣬻Ѫɫƿնȥ
Сʯȥķ˷ܣϧɣ˵׷ȥ
ʱɱȻ׽ɵ£ЦѦڣСİȫͲˡ
үԸ£һȫɣѦȻһЦ
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Ѧ̫׽̵ͶɱЩڡ˵
Ҷ˵СȻı˷ܵĽϼħ̣
ɱѦɫ΢䣬æȥŵӳҲ׷ȥ
Ҷ壬Ҳ׷ȥ
Χסһͷϼħ̣˵̣ȴҲͨϻôѪʢ
徳ءҶԶԶĿϼħüͷͷС᲻ͷ¾ϼħйأ
סǧҪˣҵģСǳ˷ܡ
СĻʮŵΧȦϼħΧ룬Ͽϼħ̡
𡭡ϼħ̵˻𣬱ƽŵӼȫ徳أеѾ徳أûߡ
ҪҪѱҵĳСı˷ܵĲˡ
ԾĪֻϼħ̣ɱϸоͷ¾ϼħϢ
ʱһסϼħ̡
ϼħһߵ˻һֵʵ̫࣬ջǱס˲ӡţס̵֫Ʒ̡
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һϼħ̧צץͭϣס˶ɱȫһצֿͭţɱֻӽնɱϼħһһ޼սѪ䡣
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ʱҶѾ˵սԶϼħͶɱս
Ծüͷ
ֻϼħǵһֻǡҶ˵ֻȴеֻϼħϢҲ˵̵ֻϼħӦֻĸĸ֮һ
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ȥ֪ͨ˾뿪ǾзˣҶɫصĿ档
˵ͷ
ʱ
𡭡ԶУһɫӰ۵糸ļ֮ľԻ촷ۡ
ಣһֻϼħǰɢѪʢһ¯
СˣѦͻȻСεض𣬻Ѫɫƿշߡ
Ȼֻ̳Сȥķ˻
ֵֻϼħ̵˻Ҳ˻һͻȻ֡ȥķѦС뿪ķ
޵ǻ۲ͣСץ᲻֪ҶĿһ
ϼħȥ׷Сˣŵӳɫ䣬׷׷ȥСµĻҲɣԣȻ޵Ķ֣Ҳ֡
ʱ˭ֶԸޣº϶ᱻط
ҶֱۣУתͷҶ˵ӦðȫˣҴ㣡
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Сǻ鷳Ҷ
ȻҶ忴Զɢҫ۵ĺ⣬âޱȡ
ʢѪҶ𾪣ѵԶ¾޲ɣ
ʱԶѪԽԽ
ֻмȥ˻ޣŻѪ˥˵Ҷ촽˹ȥ
ܿ죬ҶƼУһӰһ
Ĵӻںˮ棬¶ˮҲʮ׳ɢǿϢ
ҶһԻѾɹ;ƻֱ׷ɱ֧ŵѾܲס
͵Ҷ߹ȥʱϿշҫ۵Ļ⡣
Ҷɫ䣬æ˵
Ȼһֻ֣̽צץֻȻֻĻ
ڻ񼴽ɲǣˮڣһӰˮſˮˮ罣˻
ޣҶ尵õ޻ǲ١
䡭
Ͽռսˮƺ˭Ҳûռˡ
Ȼˮָһֻޣ׼ԭղֻֻΪ˵ɽѡ
޼֣Ҷ尵ϧһǱ⣬Ǳ١У̺ľǳ
ͨ˵õ֮󣬿϶еҩʦҩеҶ岻ͬӵСɵֱ֡ɵľ
ûдʧѪʱطѪ棬Ǳԣŷǳõʬ壬ûѪҲС
ȻȻɵ֣Ҳһ԰ɵΪľ̫̫ͣܲǿ
׼ʬɲǣȫѪʢȻ˫ۣ
ûҶ𾪡
û޷ӦѾ綾߰㰺ͷһҧס޵ͷ­
ѪҺǷɽӰѪҺȾ죬ȵѪ


30 
ǰĺѾǰ벽ޣ䲻֮£޻ᱻҧҲ
ϿռսĻһֻ޿˹ǳ𾪣˲ֹͣɱ
ȻȫѪʢ͵ڿգɱ˻
æĴ棬ӳ񷡣
һβһ˦ֱӰѻɳɣǿޱȣ
Ҷǳ𾪣ڵӵжٽ
Ȼζޣٶʵ̫죬޸㣬ͱһҧ˳ϡΣͷ޵ĳԶ䣬ţ޼׹С
Ѫľϣľ˲ήںˮУˮҲΪ֮ڣʵڿֲ
Զֻ񾪿֣ͣתߡ
û׷ƯϿգʮ󣬾ȻӰм׹һˤڰߡӰ𶯣ԶҶҲҡҡ׹ĸо
ֱ۾ϵѪȥҲ֮ɢ
Ѿˣղ֮װֻ뱨ѡҶ
ͬʱղűҧޣѪҲðҲš
ҶƬ̲߳ȥԽ޵ʬ壬¶Խߣڻ¯С
ֻȻѾȥȴɢ˺صѹҶ嶼ֵס
¾ޣҶ嶥ѹʬԡ
ಣ󽣳УҶʹȫĸʱѪ俪
ȻȴԸ޵Ƥ⣬ΪǾʹشˡ
ʱҶѾȡһżСӣ籦ʯⶫ
һڳ˲ֹͣͷųâðϲ޵Ĳּ䣬һ뿪޵壬ͻұֹͣͷ
Ȼʹֹͣͷһ߿ܸӦϢġߵĸоǳͨȵġ
ܿ죬ҶͰ޵˳ͬʧȥ˹â
ȻдӦþǰ棡
׽ɣҶɫһ䣬ܿ侲һƺ뵽ʲô취ת
ŸߣɫӰʹеߣٶȿ÷˼
˾Ȼ׽ɺʯᣡ
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˿ڲűп϶ûԶʯЦһʧ
׽ɵӰҲһ
޵ʬ˵ԶԶûҪ

Ҷ岢ûԶȰ˵£Ȼƽ뿪ˡ
û߶Զһ˴ʮɵľ롣
Ҷתˣ˾Ȼ׽ɣ
㣿ûп˴ﾭ׽ɵڣһ߸ϵӡ
֪ҶҲ䵭Ŀڣ˾һߣҾһɣ׽ɺɫ
ߣһŵӶѣҲ˵׽ЦɢʢѪ͵ѹҶ塣
Ҷ弱ˣ׽ɱϾߣ̫׽̵콾֮һһûȫҲܱܿġ
ȻһɫӰӵҶǰָɽѪҫ֮
ʱѹҶѪ˵ָĴɢ
ͻȻֵˣȻ棡
ŶȻܵסҵĹ׽ЩԾ
үе֮ĳɫ
үһŵӹȥ׽ЦЦɨҶһۣȷϺת
׽ߺתҶ壬֪̾㲻Щ˵Ҫסʵ̫̾;̡
һ죬һЩȫǰͷģҶЦ
ɫ䣬漴ЦҶļЦҵһĵ
ϴںԵĵطҵһ似Ҷѡ󾢡ȡ棬˾һߣһɣһΣһ似Ҷ岻ϲǷˡ
˽Ʒ濴е似ɫٱ䡣
濴Ҷ壬ɫס򲻵ѣǧҪñ֪˽Ʒ似
ףҶ˵ͷһ˽Ʒ似Ҳۺ졣
Ȿ似ŰɣٽҲ١ЦЦ
似Ѿȫסˣ㾡ȥˡҶЦ
ȫȫסˣԾ˽Ʒ似Ȼȫסˡ
ݵĳԾʵõⱾ似мˣ
ʮɡҶ˵
аСǰʱ˹ȥ͸˸Ƶģû뵽Ȼ츳Ҳ˿£ҪǿԵĻҲһΡ
Ҷ屾Ҳ棬תһ룬Ầ档Ͼղ׽ûҵͻȻõº֪϶Ź档
߰ɣСѾȫȥˣҲûбҪˡЦЦ֡
ҶȥԺȡڵ£һϵôȹȥ򲻿ܱ֡
·ϣҶе֪׷ϼħԭǱʯһܵģѾӻ˻Ұ
ʯҲ¾ߣӵҵ֣ȻĴ콾֮һʵҲǳˡ
ֻͻ˵˭Ҷ档
Ӧүʯ幣˵үүǶǿ֮ˡ
ʯ幡Ҷɫ΢䣬ֵֱƹܣʯ֮һ
ڣֻܱĵλҲΪ콾ʯĴ콾гһջҲᱻ

ͬʱҶ淵ľԺʱ׽ɺʯȻڻҰѰ
׵˭׽ֻصʬԱߡ
ʯἸͬʱҲˣ׽ͬɻ
÷ʯῴ޵˿ڣȻѾƤֿͣƤҲ¡
ԣⲢͨ׽ɵɫ䡣
ԣʯϸ˿ڣȻȫƤͷɫɫ
ȷʵͨԷҲе֣˿ڵӦϵ֮еĽ֣ʯῪҵֺ󣬸оȫԷֵϢ
µϢһûеֵˣӵиӦϢһûбӵˣ޷ᵽζһ
ϵ֡׽ɳӦòһˡ
ûһûӵн֣˵˭Ȼʯɫء
ܿԽһ˴֮ˣԲߣ׽Ŀһ
ұϻȥ¸߰
ʯһӣ޵ʬȻʧˣţ׽˵͸ֺˡ
ҾͲˡ׽Ҳһ֣ʬȻҲʧˡ
˵ϹһƴСĲԹʬȻڲ棡
ʬ˻Ѫɫ磬ƿշߡ


31 Խ
ҶصľԺ󣬺ܿ뿪ľԺڻҰҵ
ҵҶַľԺ
ڡ
Ҷϣ޵ɫΧתɫҶͨҶĲٿغɫ壬ľ
ľϱ֮ɣҶƤʼκɢѪҲԽԽʢ
ʱҶֹͣľѾܲ˸ˡ
ƼҶֱľ»𾪵˵
ľѾ壬ЩѪľд˵
Ҷ˵ͷ뿪ʯݡ
УҶ忪ʼȭȻǡ׽ϴ蹦еġţʮʽ

ȭХҶЩҶȻҶȭƮ޷¡
ʱҶϵѪԽԽʢľҲϴȭתΪѪ
ѾǧٶѪӣڲ
˰Ѿ˼ʮٶȣֱ˳Ծ
ȥʳȡʳ֮Ҷʼȭ
Ȼ춼ڴȭȻûڵȫתΪѪɴ˿ɼ̺ȷʵܴ޵
ҹ
Ҷص䣬ľ˺Ȼ˵ҪԼ峹׷Ϊǵ˶٣ᱻŪˡ
ԣҶ岻˯˸
ڶ죬ҶѹûмڵʵһЩͽ׵ѾԱ֮ʱȥˣõĹ׵㣬ҲԻһЩҩɢԪʯ
ʱȱ似ù׵㻻ȡõĶ
֮뿪˷䡣
ո뿪䣬ˬˬʵЦʹܣҺȥҲһȥɡ
磬Ҳȥ񡣡ҶһЦ
ٺ٣ãֵһȥʲô겻ɣЦ
˵ȥȡǵʱ󣬽ٹ׵㡣

Ҷ˻صľԺʱ䣬ҶľȭתΪѪ
ͬʱʱȥľԺ֣ȻʯƬÿζˣѾ˽
ʱҶѾﵽǧǧ徳ڶߵļޣ
ȻҶѾﵽǧȴ徳ڶشԲΪĽ粢ûꡣ
һ죬ҶȻʼţʮʽ
ڣҹʱ֣Խǧﵽǧһٽ
ǧ徳ڶߵļޣҶȴ񻰣䲻˵ǰȴҲ𾪡
Խǧ޺ҶľУڵʮ߽һѾʹˡ
תѪҶһԶȰִľѪ׹է
ʮ߽ڿʩչˣȻǿ˹
һ᲻Ҫ⣬ĵزҶҪߵ·
ָȥˡҶŲԶѷʯƬĵطȥ
ʯƬǰҶȻԼƽ
ͷʯƬҶǳרעмֻʣʯƬȻ޷׵
ѾҶ˿ļˣ
СٴοʯƬϣһҶֺҶ廹һʣһȥʯƬûз飬ĽǵڶʽſȥʱʯƬ飬ĩ
һ㡭ҶʧܺЩ꣬ڣѾǳƽ
͵Ҷ뿪ʱڲԶĺпһɫֽ
ֽ˳źˮƯҲ֪ҪƮʲôطֵǣȻᱻˮʪ
ҶĪӱߣһԾֽһˮ棬תӻ˰ϡ
еֽҶüͷֻֽӦòľõĵӷںġ
ֽ뵵ѪΪЩѪֽûбˮʪľõĵӣԲѪ˷ֽϡ
ȻҶֽƼһֽ
ȡֽһֽдţҹľȻůΪʲôܾú䡭
ּ㣬ȻǳŮ֮֡
⵽˭дģҶ档
ȻͯĴֻٿѪָֽհ״д˼֣ΪģþҲġ
дҶְֽֽֽĪӣֽ沨ʧ
ĿֽʧҶתԼȥ

Ҷʱ׽ɾȻֽ˻Ұκ׽ͬȥĻѦ
˾Ȼ˺֮ǰ֮أڸѰʲô
үѾʹڵˣǾڴ˵صõ̫ʯѦ׽ɡ
ûлɣ׽ʵ
ûУʵĺСģ
¾Բй¶ȥǱСģ
үǵʲôģ
ʵĲҪʣ￴ţҵϾͻ
׽һ
ܿ죬׽ֻص֮ء
үʲô𣿡Ѧʵ
߰ɣʱȥˡ׽ûлشֱƿշߣѦ󡭡
ʱҶѾصڣʼȭ
ЩѾѱȭĳȭͲϵķǳʱԿʼȭˡ
ŵ׿ʼѪѪ壬ȭͷѹȻȭĹؼ
ҶԴΪˣһͬʱѪȭڴϡһѪŷ𶯣ҶһȭеĵطȻһİݡ
һȭѾǧٶұҪ󣡡Ҷģ㲻ýҲܻ徳ߡ
ЩϵõҲǿ˲١徳߱Ҳ˿ѷɫ
Ҫ֪ɵֻ޵
޵ƤԶԶϾֻޣѾǰ¾ޡҶƤĤǵȵȣ϶ᷢʱ䡣
Ȼڵľ̫ͣԱȴ޵ʼɣӦ֮Ҳ١
󾢵ڶصĵĤ˵Ѿ
ҶĿһʯݣʯϣʼ󾢡ڶء
󾢡һѪĿƷɱ˵似뾲Ҫܳʱ䡣
һ似֮˱Ѫ겻á
ʱҶͻȻһȭȭͷ֮Ѫǣ
һȭһԵ
󾢡ڶشɣ˲߰ٽϧһֻٽҶʩչȭĻӦܴﵽǧңý徳Ѿѡ
ǱѾ˴󲿷֣ò˼ʹԲˣ֪һ徳ڶ
ҶҲ֪׻ţǧӦÿ
Ȼˬܣʱ䵽ˡ
磬ϾͳҶһЦ˳ȥ



32 ͽ
޼½˿򣬲֪ûе֣Ǵ޷ɡϾҲôˣôյӡ
κɣ۴СɵĵӶᵽＫޡһ£Żһֵӣ״ӣǼռ
֮ܽһЩˣΪΪԭ򣬵õΪгɣܣߴ½أ˵ĶΪһˡ
е׳ĬǵĴڣ֮£
ЩСܵϸƣܳһһЩСϣɲٵ鷳
֮ԻĬǵĴڣʵϻøĺôѡһʱ׳ܹģ󣬻۵ĲƱҲ٣ɻȥЩС߲Ʊ
Ȼֻٲɻ˸£󲿷ǲģֻҪЩСС
ЩݵܣᱻͣԣͱΪͽܣ
ҶҪȥִеɱͽܣ

Ҷȥɱͽܵʱڣֺ棺ʦ֣Ҷǳȥִˡ
ˣĿһ
ֵֻˡֺаЦϴιҶȥμСԴᣬΪͻȻޣûҪСӵһΣѷɣ
ʦ֣ԸȥɱǣҶ˵
ҲԸ⣡Ƶ˷׷׵
ֺҶ塢ȥɡ
ʦ֣һṼʹĺֺЦ
ЦȢƾҲ䣿һѣվֻǷ

ʱҶ塢ˬͳѾƣ뿪˴Ҷ
ΣҶҪȥ׷ܽԣǸ徳صߣڶߵɲû
һҶɲ
ɲڣһΰĴǣҶ˽˳Уò֡
ɲǸСѣΪǿˣҲ徳ضѡ˵
ɲų̫ˡҹųǿȫʯģǽǳ̣Ҳ̫ĺۼ΢٣ˬпҪǴҶҲһǳؾͺˡ
ҶЦûУֵԺһͳˣ
ˬͳ¶֮ɫгһգҶҲܳΪĴɣǾͿ޺ˡ
ˬ˵ԾںϳûרɲĲ㴬Ӻ̶ӣҪҵֻȥϣھȥһ
ͷҶ忴ˬһЩһҴ󴬣ҹˣֻ徳һضѣŶʮꡣ
ͨ׵ĶȻǽҶЦˣ˵ڴСôӦþǴ˵ɼұˡ
ܿ죬Ҷ˾͵˴ʻããźˮеζ
ԵĴɲ˶֪ȻҲ⡣
˸ҶˣɲҲΧ˹ԣǲûгɹΪԱһˡ
ɲǿ֮ˣҲֻ徳ضѣҪɲ޷μΧˣԣһֱκβԡ
ӿ˿УҶ˻˽⵽ڵ˽ҹˡܿ׾ȻǸ徳ߡ
£˾Ͳˡ
ܴ磬Ҫܿô죿ҲĶ֡ſˬ
ˬҲû뵽ԱȻи徳ߣҶǵϲ
Ǹ徳ܿףܸߡҶֻҪɱԺ뿪ˡ
ɵ˵ûˬȻѾˣǾͲܰ;ϡ
Ȼһ˵λԾһû˵ڸĺиס°ߵĶںˡ
ץ˺ܶŮˣ̣֮ɱˣһֱˣһߡ
֪ĸ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҳ֪⸽ʮ˵ѹˡ˻ش
ѾѹˡҶͿˬһۣĻѾ뿪ˣ
ȻԶдһ̻Ƶϼ衣
ǴϮʱѶţɫ䡣
ľҶԸˡ
ûгɣæľ´
Ҷ塢ˬ´󴬣ľ֮ϡ
ţһҲֱϵѪȫΪҶ˳ľľ貨ɳۡ
ܿ죬ʮҴ󴬾ͳҶǰ
һҴϣȻʮźɫе꣬ʮ˵У徳أ徳ڶءһʮ꣬ݵ꣬Ȼ徳أѪʢޱȡ
˿̣ʮˣȻʮ徳һߺʮ徳ڶ߼սѾ˺ܶˡ
徳ߺǸ徳ߣǼߵʲôطʲôط˵£ѪҺɽĸˣϵֻбɱķݣֵĻᶼûС
Ǹ徳Ӧþԣ
ĿһˬҶ壬ɫܣܺãֻҪ徳صߣ徳߾˲㣬徳ڶ߾ͽˡ
תͷųˬ˵ܣ徳ص߽㣬ֻܶѣ似ӦûǸҲҪ⣡
֪ˣ磡ǳ˷ܣѾȲ
֪ˣ磡ҶҲ˵ͷ
ˬ֪Ҷڵʵ徳ҲҶĶ֣ߣˬһݣڵĴȻľʮףǿˬһݣ˴ϡ
ҶҲһ˴ϡ
ϴŵˣҶϴһɫ䡣
µ˲Щڴ֮µСǴɵĵӣ
УŵӶǿ˵£ЩСҲǳηһȺҰޡƵɱ¾
ߣʲôֻ˶ѣЦſˬһ۾Ϳ˿ˬҶǿġ
¸£ûŵӶѣʲôµģ徳ܹЦ
Ҵ˿ֻΧЩܣѾȼϣʱˡ


33 
ȻֻˣɱҲ練ƣ
ˬһѪڱϵĳǹȳɱԡ
ߣЦս˿ˬ
һǹײҫ۵Ѫ˲ֱӡ
Եŵŵźֱ۷飬ˬȫѹ
û侲ˬٴͦǹǹʢѪպ
սˣȫˬ籩ϬĹѹסвͻɥȪ
ͬʱһߣ徳صҲɱ
ͬȫѹסܣܵ似ҲȫȲϳ֣Ȼͳս˸ƽ֡
徳ڶܣѾҶΧס׼ΧɱҶ塣
һЦţ󲽳Ҷ壬ӵҶͷ­ŻɫѪ
ɱʱҪȫҶ΢ͻȻһƽܣӰƹܵĵ棬΢΢бָ罣ָⱬ貵Ѫ⡣
ֻһѪǸܵüģţѪʧɲǣǸܵüѾһܵɴ۾ȻأüĵѪҺȪӿ
ܾ֣ûеǷӦҶӰէӵһǰһǱȭϡ
ֻһɫȭͷɹţǸܵѾ飬ѪҺɽ
˵ЩϮĴԱǼҲ״һֱǸɱħ
ЧѸ١ҶЩ˵ӡЩ˲֪ҶܹѵˣٶȣЧķɱˡ
ƴˣһܺȻѹɱҶ壬ȫӵ
ҶʩչӰٲȣܿܵĹ
ʲô
һ̣ͫһǸӵҶܣžȻҲҶġָ羢ˡ
ŷʣֱܵˣѪȪӿ
̶̼ʱ䣬ܾͱɱˣЩԱֵĿҶ壬Ǵɵĵ
ҶûЩ˵Ŀ⣬ϵһ飬˽֮⣬ʲôҲûС
ҲѹЩֻнϾӶҲֻЩѡ
ûáҶҡҡͷѽⶪ˵ϣ˲Զĳ
ǹѸÿǹ̳ǹƵܲҿ
ʱҶˣҶԾһһܣһ
һ£ֻðһֺգҫ֮˲ֱӡ
ãǸܼˣҶһ
Ÿո˺ҶĽ˼磬˹޿ɱܡ
ܱߺˣ˫յһľֻȫѪǣһλ¯
һ쳹أľսϣܲҽһĺˣսء
ĻھȻˣȵѪҺϵڼװ֮ϡ
𾪣Ҳ̫˰ɣ˵Ҳǧ˰ٽȻҲסĹ
ղҶѾƽǧټ˵ѹ֮ܳܲסҲ֡
һܺҶѾأɲǣ֮ܣһ̳һ
һʵ̫죬ڳ֮ƺֻһѪԿҶӰ
ܱܣκҶٶʵ̫죬˰벽ľѾĺĲ
ľγܺȻأ
𾪣ҶĽ̫죬Ҳûܵס
徳߾֣˻徳ڶΪλӵ˿µٶȺ
ֻЩɵĵϵԽɱ˵ȴ룬ǰŵӾȻҲǿˡ
ܣһһҶȻڣͬʱŵسһܡ
ҶĻŴзӦЦ磬Сģ
ЦУʩչٲһǰǹǹâ䣬סȫ
ͬʱҶҲĶ֣
˻һҶѪľֱܵţѪܲܡ
ЦսѪɫסҶĹơ
ҶӰٿһߵ࣬ŤľббܵĲ
ÿ죡ͫһæܣնյıܿһˣĲҲһѪۡ
ȻҶľ綾߰׷ϮִĺľѪƣ类չһ㡣
ܾ֣ˣͬʱӵľһܿ죬Ⱳһ
ǾʱҶĽͻȻ죬ԭʹˡһľ磬ƮƮĴ̵ܺϡ
ѪҺɽܵˣѾľ̴
ҶȫнӽǧѪ֮Ȼ徳ҲԵֵ
ҶɱֵɲǣĳǹҲ˶ֵţɱ˶֡
̧ͷҶ壬ɴ۾ƺҶ졣
Ȼһߴߣ
ҶͳתȥȻǿˬĺ
Ͽȥһ˸պ뺣ˮУ֮˾Ȼԣ
Ȼ϶Բпˬˡ
ˬҲ˺Уʧ˺ϡ
ҶͳҲû룬󺣡
ˮУҶͳתѪΧĺˮţĿĹˣֻԶˬȫѪںˮзǰǰԣ
űۻˮһ㣬׷ȥ
ȻԸȥҶҲŸˮ档
Ҷ˸ոոˮ棬Ƽһдеĺ
ӦþԵϳˬѪһԾ˰ϣҶ˽Ҳ˰ϡ
Ѿˣ϶ҸطֹѪˬ˵ţ֡
磬õһͷǾǧԪʯˣǳ˷ܡ
ɴ⣬һܽƻˬɫϳ
Ҷû˵һֱڹ۲쵺ϵĻϰߡ
ܴ磬Ҳ̫СˣϳΣ֣˿ˬĻ
ˬЦҡҡͷС̫嶯Ҳ̫çײ
ҶЦˣȻദʱ䲻֪ȷʵˣ뵽ʲôʲôӲƺ
ȳԣˬ¾ҪȡԵĶ࣬Ҳǳ˼òܲ
Ҷ˲ֵʱǸһӰڲϿЩ˿нʮ
ȻˬҶɫͬʱˡ
ܴ磬ôˣһ㶡
Ծ̫ˣղǽʱ򣬻õҶɫˡ
ɵ˵ûˣǺܶˣˬѾ徳أоѾ˿
ಡ
İУȻÿ֧ûʹѪ֮Ȼ࣬ȴԲ
ҶӽնӭˬͳҲóǹһ֧֧


34 
Ҷ׾͵ֵס˼꣬ЩѪ֮
ಡ
Ѫ֮ϣٶȶʱ죬ÿ֧ϴٽ֮
ЩȻ޷Ҷ˺󲿷ֶҶ˵סˣʹûסҲܿˡ
֣еȣֻӰʮ˴˷ɱѪ档
ЩˣҲ徳ڶߣǿ֮ˣȻ徳ߣѪʢ¯徳Ҳĸݷǳǿ
СģǺܿܽϳˣˬһɱ徳ߡ
Хһĸ徳ߣɱѪɡ
ͬʱ徳ڶص߳ɱҶ壬γ˰Χ֮ƣҶΧסŹʱ׼ɱҶˡ
Ȼˬ¶յಣһֻ˿ˬĺ󱳡
ˬӦܿ죬һܿ˱ļ
һߣҲ⵽͵ϮҲܿˡ
ߣҼ䣬ɱӣҵҪ˭ɱ˭Զһߣ˾Ȼԣ
ȺܾȻԵˣƺԵķԸ
ٺ٣ģǿֵĻܲˣһͿˬֵܹЦ
ߣĳߣƾ˻£ˬЦһгǹ͵һǸܵĺǹһ
Ǹɫ䣬æܡ
ˬʤ׷һ徳ܺȻһɱ
ߣˬߣһǹ̳˶Էս֮ϣѶԷ˼
ȻԶĹٴʮ֧ѪƵ˿ˬ
ˬʩչٲӰܿƣбб档
ʱ徳ֹ˿ˬ˶ʱֲɱһ
ΣգĶĸȻոս徳أɱϾ徳ߣʵС
ֻĸܣȻӮˣҲδػ䣬ԱûġؼǣԶй֣Щ˲Ϸʵ˷ʤ
ȻһӰȰȺУһɱһ֣֮죬˷˼
Ҷ壬նɱΧܺ󣬱ܿļ˹֮С
ЩȻҲûϵҶٶȻô죬ûϵҶĽϬת˲֮䣬Ҷͻɱ֣֣ȫǱľ̴üģ
ƼҶɱˣɫ䣬ʵ޷һ徳ڶô˿ֲĽ
Χס
Χס
ɱ
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ɱһˣҶٿתԱ㱼һĿ꣬ľͺߣʱҪ
Ǿ֣ȻˣǶ徳ڶߵĿ־Ѿ˼¡
ҶɱһܵʱһӰͻȻһһǧ֮֮˺ѡ
ԣҶɫ΢䣬һƫعʮ֮⣬̧ͷų֮ˡ
һ汻սƽһɫĺۼ֮˾Ȼԣ
ߣ㻹Ϊû˶ԸˣߣұѾˬˣ˿Ѿʱ޷ţֻҲնɱҶ塣
ȻҶˣİСԵֻǧŰңģá󽣵֡ɱԣԲñ˿˵
ܣܵõ𣿡Ц֣Ҷ壬һ£Ѫҫ֮
ҶĿһкâէͻȻ֮Сʮ֮һѪעУʱ󽣱䳤߳Ѫ
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ʮ֮һѪͻҶǧ࣬ǰǧ֮
ˢԵս֮ϣ˾ֵǣսȻ󽣴ӵд룡
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˻һҶһܣѪܲܡ
ܰγսתѪ׷׻ӵӭѪɫ
ǸոյסһֹҶѾǰֳȭһȭһܣȭ
Ҷȭͷͬպɢҫ۶ĿѪܵϣֱܵͷ­
ͬʱҶѳһܣľն˺ѿ֮

ܵɳȥľϣ
ɱ˺ҶıȻû˿仯κϲŭ
ӣ֪ǸȼһĹܾ״˹תƵı֡
Ҷû׷˳һһܡ
ǸǲмǵҶľնɱɲǣɫ˲ˣæõ񵲡
һƺһĺʮֱ۲ϲ
ΧܿһĻʱ֡
ǵ˶ѾˣҶȻȡ
ԣʣµļɫ䣬׷֣ͣˣĿĹˣȻǷͬ鶼ˡ
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ôͻȻ뿪ˣоɲѡ
׷ʲô£ˬͳҲɲѡ
Ҷ˵һӲԶд˭ȻɱźֵܣҪȫʬ
ֶ𶯣Ҳ˵жֲ
⾪춯صҶɫ䡣


35 ܿ
ಣһȫѪĺ˴Ӷ֮䣬˷Ŀ֮
徳ߣҶɫأˬͳɫҲ÷ǳء
ףʣܿˣæ
˭ɱֵܣܿĿڳˣ˳÷ǳһŭԵĿ
ʲôˡǼ𾪣󾪿֡
˵˭ɱֵܣܿŭȣף𶯰˷
ףǰķԸһֱڶԸ⼸ˣԡһ徳߻ֵ̿Ŀܿס
ô˵ûбֵܣֵܱ˺ˣܿЦ
ȫ˵ϡ
徳֮徳أƺ಻󣬿ʵϣʵ
ʮ徳Ҳһ徳ߵĶ֣һ徳߿ԷУ徳ߵѾԽ徳ߵٶʵ̫ˡ
ܿɱǼܣѴ֮
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ʯ֮䣬Ҷɱһˣ徳ߣֻǧٽ֮ԶԶҶ֮С
ͬʱҲնɱһˬĵȻ徳ߣȴʮ֮Ҳǹ˺ʣǼܾ֣׷˺󣬲ٹҶˡ
ߣҶȻѿˬͳ
ˬͳ˵ͷ
Ҫ뿪ʱಣһɫӰһ׹ҶǰԶ
治ϲһӺȻ֣ŻȵѪ
ͻȻ׹ˣȻź
˿̵źǳǱؿһбб˿ڣɼǣѪȪӿ
źһɫӰһǰ˵ȻǺ
źûзκˣ˲УҲ䣡źЦ
ź㲻֪ԼĴЦ
˭ˣǶûкôܣԲܷߣҶ忴źˣת
ź㶼ɣЦƬֻӦҺһˣ̲˺ҹˣһȥ̲ˣò˶ãҺ˾ܺɲ⡣
Ҷɫ΢䣬ĻѾԿ϶һɱźͬܲ
ϾҶй¶ܣȻ֮以̲Ѿʲôܣ֪Ұģ˿϶ֳˡ
˭Ҳ֪˿̲ԶмĿһУֺҶ壬Լڵĵӡ
źȻС¶첻ãֺ
ٺ٣ȱ𼱣ǽкܿ׾ԲŹǸСͿˬģҶЦ
ûȾ䣡Цŵ˵ͷ

Ҷ֮ء
źȻЦߣƾҲ̲ˣֱǳ˵Σ
ǲǳ˵ΣѾˣΪɣЦһƽź
źЦȻ󺰣ǰɱ˴ˣ
һ徳߶ѣɱСӹô죬ɱӦõġһɭɭĹЦ
˺ëȫɫ䡣


36 һķ
ɭɭĹЦԽԽֻëȻ
ȻһѪߴշհݣ罩ʬɭϢϴɢж⡣
ûͷųʢѪԷֱǿܷУ˵ླߡ
ߣȻЦ㲻һ徳ص߶ѣȻҲҺǰŪ飡
Ϸȷʵֻ徳ضѡ
΢٣ѪЦɱһܶѣ練ƣ
ԲѣЦͻȻߣһ£
ܾܣ似ãҲ߹Цܣսץ˹ȥ
𾪣ĪǲҪ˲ɣ
Ȼָŷҫ۵ѪѪ۳ͷͷſڴ죬ҧסս
꣡սȻѪ۳ɵͷҧˣͫһʲô似
ٺ٣ϷĿСѪɷӡ˽Ʒ似߹Цٴγ֣ץ
ʱѪ۳ͷصĹɱ
˽ƷȻʧɫתѪˡ
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ҪǱڵˣҲط˹ЦȬҳɹͻƺҾĲǣҾа̵ˣɵ۵ͷϡ
а̡Ҷɫ΢䣬˾Ȼĳɵˣֲÿնɱܡ
徳صߣ̫ȴӾ͵˿ʼˡĿĹˣ˸徳صܣ֣ܵؿڣͳ࣬Ѫ
ͳڵأģҲ֪ʲô취ɢѪȻıǿС
ܿ죬һѪɫ͸ɱˣʧȥţ˼࣬ڶܿҲˡ
ʱ˳
Ҷɫ䣬ȵʱͻȻ֣ļƻȫˡ
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ת˲֮䣬һһ䣬ԾѾֲ֪ٴΣǧѪϯ˷˷ľҡڣҶº˲䱻Ѫ顣
ҶȲʤҲɫʤܾˣҲ֪ǲܵġ
ڣɫǲҽһߣʧ
˲û׷ҪǰޱƼˣҲпˣɲԼЦ
øϷָ֮ȥɱ㡣תһɨŵˡ
ȻֱҶ壡
ܿ죬Ҷ촽ץҶţ
ȻҶ˫ۣȻֱ˰ӣֵƾճһ߳ڹҫ
ʮ֮ѪѾգҶ廹ʹ˴󾢣϶ʱӵǧľ˾
ʮ߽һ
ûһж죬ûһжֲ
⻮Ѿˣ
ͫһΣͷȻȥֵ󽣵ķâ
ˢֱ˵ƣţбб˵ϡ
˵ͷ­ʱ룬ѪҺɽ
һɱˣҶɫü԰ףֱİֵ˵ϡһѾҶӿյģԴҲһƬհס
Ҷ嵹µʱҲˣʣµİͷ­ϣֻ۾Сź;֡
ʱҶŻָһʶɵ֣֮סͱ֮е
ֹ˰ʱҶɫŻָѪɫ
Ҷǿӣҡҡλεߵźߣľ̴źĺţߵ˺ߣҲ̴˺ĺ
ʱ΢΢˿˺ߣɵ֣ɺʬ塣
ȫǾҲҪܳʱգֱʬ壬ѪָٶȸһЩ


37 ˭ֽ
˺ҶʧѪָ
徳ءҶоȫ£нǱѾˣͬʱһƤĤǱڱ
֪УѾǧٽңûʹκ似
һ徳صӵǧٽԾףҪ֪徳ߵҲֻǧѡһЩɵ콾ﵽ徳شԲʱҲֻǧŰٽҵﲻ֮
ݵϲҶں·ѪѾˣֻʣ·
ź徳أϿ϶кõ似
Ҷܿ죬ں·ҵһ似һƷ似˵Ѿǳ
Ҷźҵһ似ҲǷƷϧ似Ҷ˵á
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ֻһ似֮ǰʩչġѪɷӡһ˽Ʒ似ȼѪ˼壬Ȿ似һȼѪ֮˲
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ǿⱾ似벻ѹѪ֮⣬ȼѪѪİ취
似ҶͿˬôŪѣ
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˵ͷ
˵Ű߼ȥ

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ԶдӦܵģˬЦת·
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Ȼ֪ڵľаƺг𣬷Ҳ˵ڵˡ
ҶȻ˵֮ˣǰڵĵ͡
ʱڵ֪һᡶȼѪǿ϶ΪҺйء
ҶѡȼѪΣſɵ֣֮ס似似ɴ
ٵ似Ҷ˿

Ҷٵ似ɲǣķڣֺ˱ùѪͷ
ǲ˵СΪʲôŻˣȵǴΪǴ԰ҵ׳ˣ
ʦϢŭֺҶ˺
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ֺĿһ˵ʦ֣պǴҶʱǿ໥սǸʱսĻ峤Ҳ˵
ս𣿡Ц
ܵĻͼ̳в峤֮λʱݺ͵λȡԼ£ӦòֺܾһЦ
ĿһаЦã¾ͽȥ죡
ǣʦֺ֣



38 
պڴҶٿҶ塢ˬͳʰ뿪ڡ
˰·Ҷڻص˴ҶǼңֻлصǲиС
ǻصҶʱѾʼ׼˾õѪ⣬Լո̾ƣ֣ÿʯ϶źɫͼڣϲ
ٿĵطλڴҶһԲι㳡㳡ܹϣʯ̾͡˿̣㳡ļ̨Ѿ˾õƷ;⡣
˶˹㳡ϣҶȻҲ⣬СĪһ̳̾ƸСͨ죬ģıһźֽдšСƹ֣Ҳ֪˭ȥġ
峤غĴĳϵϼ̨ʼϲԣ겻Ҫ⵽˻ϲԴ͸ڴҶ
ڣ˾ˣ˿ƤԴȣò֡
ϯ䣬ֺҶһֺۣ˵ͷվ˳һƣЦ죬ֺսһλˣ֤
峤رƣֺĻɫ΢΢һ䣬ŲԶڳԶҶȥ
Ҷ̧ͷֺĿһ
ϵܣҪս˭ĪǸ˺㿴ͬһﲻɣһϵЦ
ûĪҪս˺ͬʱһ˸Ц
ȻǡֺһЦתҶ壬ЦҶܣɸҳһս
ɫԱ䣬ֺҪս˾ȻҶ壡
ܴ˿Ҷ岻ǰǰ㡰޴ڴУҶȻǸ
ΪҶ岻ӦսʱҶȻһ˳ȻѾһЦþƣ
ɫ΢䣬ôͻȻ˺ˬ
װģֺЦ漴һĤ徳أ
ֺ֣ȻǱĻȻҪвͷɺãӮ㣬ٹ׵㣬㿴ΣȻ˵ĻͬҲٹ׵㣡
Ҷ忴ֺڣȻƽȴ˶ˡ
ԣΪȻ
徳أȻ徳أ
ѾûͻƣôͻˣȥѾ徳أôܣ
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Ȼ𾪣ȻҶ壬ϾֺѾ徳أԲ
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ҶֺҪֵʱ򣬴Ҷ֮һɽϣȻˣһֱڿһĻ
˵УĸΪ֮ǸŮӣֻŮӲ
ŮӴŰɫװľ޳Ǹ÷ĵطȴܷ顣ĸоȴ˵ƣȫ
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ˣȤŮӿҶ壬ЦЦ
΢Ůӵڣ˭ܸңǸľ˽ʲô֣
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ȷʵ˼¼ЦˣҲ֪Щʲô
ʱҶֺˣ
ʮ֮ڰ㣡ֺЦһʩչٲҶǰָɽҶ壬ָѪ
ָ羢벻ֺѾֵزٴҶ˳Ծ
ǣҶȻûܣǴҲʹˡָ羢ָѪǣҫ֮
һָײʮѪ֮
ֱֺ۲ȻҶԭزȻҶȫϷ硣
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Се㱾£ֺЦٴɱҶ壬ʹˡͨȭ
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Ҷٶȸ죬ֻͻȻһıֺܿһȭţҶأߵֺ࣬һǱȭֺͷ­
ȭɫ䣬ҶʲôʱȻѱȭѧˡ
˼顭ҲܳԾǰŰ似Ҷģ벻ҶȻô̵ʱھˡ
ȳϸ𾪵˵⻹Ǹ궼徳ڶصķ
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ʱҶѾʹ˽ָ羢ָɽֺؿڣ
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ۿֺҶġָ羢ؿڣһɫӰͻȻֺǰҲʹˡָ羢Ҷָ
һ֮Ҳ֮ը죬
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ص˷׷˸Ƿ׷׹Ľе¼С㣡
¼̩ɫ䣬æڵأֲ̿˵̩֪¼С㣬¼С
Ҷ忴¼һŮ˵ͷС
ǹƽԣƾʲô֣¼ڡ
̩ɫ䣬֪˵ʲô
־ˣпԭ¼ЦЦ̬ͻȻת䡣
ǣС˸ղȷʵǾС̩æ͡
Ϊʲôûɱˣ¼ЦȻЦȴ̩о˿־塣
Ů˵˭̩ΪҶɫ΢䡣
ϾǴҶ£ý峤һЩ¼ЦתͷſأѴ̩½˿ء
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Զֺͬ亹ֱȴ˵仰
Ҳûֺһۣ¼˵¼С㣬֪˴ҶΪ£
¼Ц˵֮صľƲһ˳һЩȥү
ҴҶǣ¼СһЦǰ·
¼˸ȥ


39 ôһ
¼ߺҶ忴ֺֺ峤ҵĹ׵أ
ֺһӻͳһöӸҶ壬ȻתȥѾûڼȥ
һɨˣ˵Ÿʲôûء
һЦԻصԼλȥ˾ˣúȸóԵʱ򣬾ԲΪ²졣
ҶһЦصԼλϣĿſˬʵ磬Ůʲô
үĳˬɫүȻǶ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ǸŮ˾ȻǶ֮
ٺ٣˭磬磬ǽźȣٱЦ
ҶͿˬһЦҲ˱
ʱˣɢȥҶҲص˸Եʯݡ
ڶ죬Ҷ뿪˴Ҷϻڡ
ڣľԺ
̩徳ءҶصԼķ䣬̩ȻѾɱģͲĴ
ȻɲϾȥ̩ƴڵ徳ߵĶ֡
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ĪӣҶɫ΢䣬Īֳһֻֽ
ĪӱߣҶֽ̳ȡֽдľ仰
һ䣺˶֣ӿôˣūҲǸͨͨŮӶѡ
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ףһλ˸ߵԼʲô¡Ȼ¼ԼʲôҲȥϾ¼һΡ
ǰ·꣬Ҷȥ
Ҷ뿪ľԺľԺһƬС
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˭ģҶЦָϵͻȻأɫǵͨ졣
ҡĻû˵꣬һЦҶ屳ƭģ
Цɲǣˢһ˳Ҷ屳ɱѪɫݺ˷
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ˢһɫĺѪĽ⣬ִҶ壡
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ʱǰ˳ȥ¸ϵ·˳ɫ
ߣЦһĲͷ­Զ굱ڵء
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ҶʹӰٲȰ˺ʮɡ
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𾪵ʱҶѾһɫӰ
׷̩侲Ѫǣ۵糸׷ȥٶȻҶһȴҲþˡ
ҶҲ׷ȥֻ徳߶ѣܿͱҶ̩˦ˡ

ʹáȼѪ˲֪·ҶӱߣͷһƬհףڼֲסһС
ˮβԶˮȦȦˮоȻˣһŮˡŮɢ˿¶۾͵磬һĨɫĹˮ֣ջ
ȻŮ˷۱ʲôײһ£ǸȻͣ
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Ů˼Уһƴؿڣ˶ʱ˺棬Ҳûи
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ŮʲôҲûд̬ȣ˫޳ͦƤۻ񡣴ʱѾҹҹɫ£Ů˵ջϢ
ܿ죬Ů˴·űϰˣȻҧгݵһ䣺ޣôһ
ǸȻ׹еҶ壬ǸŮˣȻĽ


40 
ߣãҲȥ˭ȻҲ͵
ĽҶ壬ֳ
˼Ľ΢䣬̽̽ҶıϢʱҶϢ΢֮
СôˣҸղһƿ϶Ҫ
Ľϸ˿Ҷ壬Ҷɫǳ԰ףֽɢѪǳ΢
ȻѾȥˣҶֻץľҲʲôȻ
Ľûע⵽ҶʲôעȫҶǲ԰׵ɫˡ
Сӵ׸˭ˣΪôѪĽ𾪡
ȻԶдЦܲԶ϶ڸ
ԲɵˡһЦ
˵ƺĽ߹ˡ
Сӵ׵ʲôˣĽһ䣬뱧Ҷ뿪Ѿˡ
ҧҧ촽ĽȻԼ·ţҶ˺
СӣϣĽҶ尴˺ˮ档
ಣಣ
ɫӰзӳ˰ߣ˾Ȼ̩
˭ĽȻһǰ
ԭ̩ɫ΢䡣
Ҷ忴Ľ񣬰ĭЩ궯
ûмһ˴ȥ̩ҲЩڸ
ߣԺ͵ϴĻҸƯĽڣȻ˵˵ģǿЦĽЦ
Ҷ̩ʱΡ
ȻĽһǳ꣬Ҷ̩ͬʱĭ
СӣˣĲ㣡Ľ΢죬аҶǧٱ顣
ԭ˿̵Ҷ壬ȻĽһ˫޳ȸסˣĽ˾ͺҶؿһղ֮ԻΪҶŤһӡ
ʵҲܹҶ壬ҶѾӻԵ״̬˰ԣܵģѾɵ֣ʼ
ΪҶָ˵ѪţܵӴѳȴĽ
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̩Ҷ뿪ˡ
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˵ţĽҶ壬ֱ֣ľԺȥ
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վסȡ
Ҳϲң뿪ĻҿԵʲôҲûзҶЦ
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֮ҶʦܣһǸӣԺԶЩĺáһٴѡ
һСģҶ˵ͷ

ţҶһ𷵻ľԺ
ոշľԺҶԼķǰ˿ˬһʮҵ
ܣڻˡˬЦ
߰ɣѾܾˡǸЩС
Ҷɫ΢䣬Լϵδ޾ȻԼ
ҵҪҾʲô¡
ҶһЦ뿪˴Ҷ
ǰˬҶСĴҶɫȻĵ˵ͷ
ܿ죬ʹҶľԺ⣬ľԺһͭսɢϵϢ
һƥ׳սѪʢ¯嫣˲̫
ɡȵս
Ҷս
ߣԸ
Ǹϳߴȡݡڣսʯŵ۵糸
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ٺ٣ξٽҶСֵܽξ־ˡξٽЦЦ˵ҪȥĵطǹҶСֵػûȥ
ȷʵûȥҶһЦ
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ҶЦٴܴùҶ£ΪβһССĹ߶
΢٣ҶĶξٽ˵ҶȻ֮أȴǺúһȺ߹
ξٽɫһܿ죬Ц߹Ҳһֱ£߹˻ȥһ£Ͳͬˡ
΢٣ξٽǰЦˣ


41 ΣϷ
ߣۡƻֺ꣬ռؼ㣬Ҳ֪Ķţһʯ̾͵Ĺŵᴩֱۡۡһ֧γĽͨͨǧݡ
磬بƾá
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ξٽһĨɱЦŻش𣺡Ȼԣ
ʱѾ˹ŵͷǰҶ̧ͷһϣÿש߶ɫʯģɢ뵵Ϲ⣬ûʡ
ҶСֵܣ߰ɡξٽȽ빬
Ҷξٽ빬
ܿ죬ξٽҶһξٽڵͣ£ʾҶԼȥ
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΢ðЦ㾿ҪʲôԸ㣡
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ҾͶлˡҶһЦ
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ҶȰ㴩ڱӰУÿζնյıܿޣͬʱܰʯҲܿ
ԽԽ޷Ҷ徿ģĻʹܱܿޣҲʯ֮ϡ
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оӭҶʹʮһ֮ϣĻǺѪ
ľǳӲ޻кȻ
ҵĺɷ㾡ܳҲģЦ޵ٶҲԽԽ죬һȦȦѪ糱ˮϯҶ塣
ϬһҶ岻ܣתѪһն˷ӿѪ
ĽǸ˭ѧģɣͬʱ˦ޣ޽棬նɱҶ壡
һҶ磬һ˴ĹޣѪ䡣
Ȼס˴ĹҶȴ˼ֱ۷顣
⣬ξٽҶȻֵܼڣǳ𾪣ݵ𾪺Ƣ̫ӲˣȻ˵ֻ徳صô;ԲᷴڣǴȫܽסһУ


42 ǰ
ڣ˦ޣٴҶ壡֮ǧ֮ʵԵֵ
ΣͷҶʩչӰٲˣ˵ͬʱλζȻܿʯ塣
Ȼ޲һٶȱ죬żƿĺ
ͷųѪ֣Ҷɫӳͨ졣
ҶЦȻʹˡȼѪȼѪǵ
ʩչӰٲҶͺһ⣬ܿ޵ĹţӰζΣܿ˴еʯ壬嵽Ϸվ˴ǰ
Ҷ̤ȭȭͷͬ
Σͷȭӭȥ䣡ȭײѪɨ˷
ҶƺһɳȥأסΣ̧ͷŴЦ˵ֻ徳صΪ𣿡
˵֮ʱв֪ʱѾһɵ֣ʧѪ
ɫһͷɫ˺ɫɫƤҲָѩɫȻر˵֮
ûµĻҾˡҶ弥Цһתߡ
ȻʱȻЦҹ㻹ȥ𣿡
ҶתŴҶĳĻܳ־ǣ
ΪҲ𣿡ȻҶ弤ŭˡ
Ҷ嵭ȻһЦӴתŴȥ
һѣȻҲε豾ΪĲɱ𣿾㱾ɱ㣬ҵҲΪңЦͻȻӴϷԾֱҶȥ
ɱˡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ٿתľɱ˴
һѣɱ練ƣЦͻȻʯһȭľϡ
Ҷֱһ飬ɶص˴ſڣѪ
͸ɱ㣬ȻҲô鷳ƽҶ塣
ɱңֻΪ֤ȻǵǸӵķѣ㣬Ǹ߸ϵڹѣҶ̧ͷӴһҰ꣬Ҷĳǰʲô
Цϧûлˣ˵ץҶš
ȻǣһȻס֣
ĸ̧ͷŴ֮⣬һ䡣
ҶҲŴ⿴˹ȥֻһ˴ˣҶĿһͣŵ˵С裡
ɫ˴һϮɫϵ÷ˮȹɵ£ڳĵɫйأžµĽƺȹһ㵭кɴϵһԵ񻡣
ľǰһֻ˿ƽһݵ֮׹һ׹һ֧סںڵ㷢̳ɾµҶһϣԵ
ü㣬ë˳Ũܣһ΢΢ӣҴ겻Ⱦ࣬ɢݰʧ˿˿ġɢŹϢĲʳ˼̻˼粽뷲ӣŶʡ
˭ɫˣ̲ס࿴ۣ
ĸֵ̿Ĺ˾ɫǰͷҲ̧
ǣǣС裬СѾˡ
ҶǶ˻һͻȻֵŮˣȻǰŮһģһ
ɫǴĸԸС衣
ĸ׿ڵĸĸף˭뵽һʮľɫˣȻĸף
ѵ˵Ļ𣿼һǴ㸸ûȡŻ֮ǰԲܶɫСҲûۿҶһۡ
Ҳѹ־ɫÿҶһۣϾҶȻŲɲʲôУҲûиĪʵֻǸеķѡ
ĸ´βˣҧź촽
ߣɫߣ̧׿Ҷ塣
ҶܵȻҲƽͺ񿴵ͨһ
ɫ΢䣬ɾǰŵЩһҲͽ˶ѡ
ˣѴ˴ȥɫûиҶ˵ֱӷԸˡ

ҶĿ˾ɫһۣ̲סڣʲô֣
һ˾ɫ䣬һĪǷ˲ɡ
󵨣ȣ뵱ɱҶ塣
Ȼɫ˵ȵȣ
ǣҵ˵һԡ
ɫɫĿҶ壬ҶȻ治ɫĿžɫˡ
ɫ¶֮ɫɱģʱһŮŮӾȻ¼
¼С㣡¼һϰݼɫˣ˿
¼ãͬãαô⣿ɫЦ
¼ЦЦҶ壬С㣬ҹϽΧڵŵӣСһ
ɫü΢û˵
С㣬Ʒʲ츳Ҳү¼˵
δķϣһΣɫ´ٸݹҲ棡
лС㣡¼˿
ҶճյĿžɫˣ̾

ܿ죬¼Ҷ뿪˹һս
ҺļʱѾˡ¼Цĵӻ󣬾ȻҵС֡
Ҷû˵ֻš
ڣԵˣǾԲܵС㡣¼Ҷ壬ǳѡ
ԵĻҲҶ忴Ź¶˸֮ɫ
¼ûע⵽Ҷı飬ЦЦȻ˵֪Ϊʲôǡóڹǡþ㣿
Ҷҡͷ
ΪǸֵˣûͻƣһͻ֮󣬾Ȼڶ̶̼µʱͻƵ徳أ¼ЦΪһ㣬Ҳ˹ע㣬Ҳ֪ȥ˹
΢٣Ц˵ΪҾǱеɫ㣬㽫ΪүһԱս
¼СôܴﵽүҪ𣿡ҶЦˡ
ǶҪһģ˶ûлοѾӮ˺ܶΣΪүҵ˲˲ţ¼һЦ
л¼С㣡ҶԵĸл
лҡ¼ЦҪлĻлүˡ
үҶЦŵ˵ͷ
ˣˣȥɡ¼Ц
ǣҶսľԺ
ĿҶ뿪¼ҶÿŴȶһһ㣬֪᲻ı䡣үۣƾ츳ҪֵĸһЩ
¼С㣬ȥϳĻȻڡ
ȥү
ǣ
սʻԶ
ͬʱҶѾصľԺķ֮ڡ
ʲôҲûڴϣǸɫˡ
ǰС衭ҶǰǷС̫̫࣬һǸɫ˲С裬ҲҪȫһЩ



43 
ӹת켴Ҷ嶼似Ȼȥ֡
֮⣬Īпֽūֽд໰
ҶҲֽд֣Ȼֽֽֽ沨֮Żص֣ǡ׽ϴ蹦
׽ϴ蹦ȷʵ˫ҶȫƤĤѾýʵޱȣƤţƤ͡ҲǧѾ徳ߵļƤĤǱȻûꡣ
֮Իôʵǿ
ʹƤĤͨ˵ĸӼ͡
ǧҶʮڰ˽Ѫһ
ȣɱѪ˸־һľҪȣѶȷǳ֮
ҶѪľҶƮ䡣
׼ҶҶ֮ȥľҲ˳ȥľ֮ѪֶˢһƬҶ뱻ľ̴
ҶأҶҲأɲǣҶ롣
ҶڵٶȺѾȫʩչѪһֻǲ֪ܲʹھŽɲһ
ɲһɲǽ⣬ɲɱˣһٶȣһԶѪһȡ
ɲһҶٴȥľѪҫ֮
ҫ۵ѪҶƮ䣬룬ʧˣҶֻʩչڰ˽
Ҷ岢ǿȻ֪޷Ȳ׼ʼ󾢡ء
󾢡صҪǴﵽ徳أҶѾ徳ߡ
󾢵ɹǧ֮
Ҷصʯݣʯ
󾢡֮ܲ밴似ϼصѹѪ֮
Ҷ岢ȱĺʯϣѹѪ֮ܿ죬ҶƤúͷų뵵Ѫ⣬ĿѪҺС
ѪѹҶȭͷҶȭͷѪѪԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼҶȭͷͻȻʹҪƤĤͣѾѪű
䣡
ҶȻȭȭͷѪ𶯣ʯҲҡ
˰˰ٽڶأ߰ٽǰ˰ٽѾˡҶЦ
ǧ֮Ҷֻ˰ٽΪǿƤĤڱǿһЩǧ֮
ش󾢺ҶٹҾʮˣ֪ʲôʱ徳ء
Ȼ˵ľд˳Щ죬Ľܴû뵽Ҳὣҽ
˼ƺҲҶЦ
ϻܣôܲýЦ
ҶЦҡҡͷȫǸӻ
Ϸһ׾벻ѧ˺ȻЦʵ
ʲôҶʵ
׽ǴӼִģϷŸ֣ܲͿԼˡЦ
ҵҪƣʲôҶ弯оľʶֽľǸʵĿռ䡣
ľУֻнէһѪɫ֣ˡ
˾֣Ϸ֮Ϊֱ֣١ߡԡСڡǰ
˵ϷĶʮнΪ˽׾Žؽ׾Ž׾ŽΪʮ߽
ʮ߽ҶĿһ
ٺ٣СӣϷֻ֣ܲԼĽͿ컯ˡ
˽Ųƶ̤Ĳ֣
ʱݺᣬ˵Ӱ裬̬ѣȴʧվ˵Ľˮʱֱ£ʱƻУʱʱ
ҶĿתĿ轣ԽԽ˷ܣ˵ĽȻԡ
֣²ݣֲ־ּǿ־
˱轣ΪҶͰֵĺ塣
֣ʢжڡ
֣͹ңѷӿƥĶ־
֣֧ԼŷױȵǱ
֣֣á
ֱָ֣꣬ġ
֣谭ʱת
֣Ȼǰ
ǰ֣֮
һ轣һŰֵĺ壬ÿһƺһйأ˷˼
֣Ҷ岢֪βŸĽ
ʱ˵ĽѾԽԽڰлûĽӰ컨ꡣ
˽׾Žؽ׾Ž׾Ž
Ҷ忴轣
֮һ֣ĽѾܺãܷ˽׾Ž˵
˸̾Ӱִ˽׾ŽҪԣҪŬϷҲ˺ܳʱ䡣
˽׾Ž˺ܳʱ䣬ôؽ׾ŽأҶɫ΢䡣
ؽ׾Ž׾ŽȻѣ
˶٣˽˵˴˽׾Žľ飬ؽ׾Ž׾ŽҲȻѲ㡣
ģһᾡ촴Լ˽׾ŽģҶǳᶨ
ûҶ壬˵̺֮׾ŽǼޡ
Ҷ׾Ž֮ʲôʶȻص档
ֱӣҶ֣ÿֿһʽоʽʼĳ֮Ϊ˽׾Ž֮ǵؽ׾Ž׾ŽҲǶʮ߽
׾ŽǼޣѵλǰĽѾԽ׾ŽҶ



44 ʬ
˴Ҷֵʱ

үԼڣոѹ֡
а̵ĳûǳƵ
ӹɲڳݹЩҶ˾а̵Ľͽ
Ҫ˳ȥΧ𣿡
аƴûҪͷ񣡡
ǣѾɵӳȥа̵ӵˣǲӵĻǿ϶᲻
оа̳ûĵصҳȻ񣬷ŵӣŵӳȥӾˡ
עⲻ

ܿ죬´ﵽֵϡ
һ˰Ϣ
ķڡ
ˣЦܲˣһֱҲԸû뵽Ȼˡ
ʦ֣ԸȥԸС˵˾Ȼ̩
ҲԸȥҶ˷׷׿ڡ
ȥִһǽӵɲǲȥЦȥ˭СӣʮԪʯ
ǣ˷׷׵ͷ

ܿ죬ҶͿˬ˾ͽӵƣǵȥӹΧˡ
ˣܿ׾ȻǸ徳ظ֡ˬɫ΢䡣
Χ˴ˣҪһ徳ߺ徳ߡϾҲ徳صܡ
ôˣΪʲôѡڣҶЩ֡
ˬͳҲǳ֡
Ȼ˵Χ˴ӣֺ̩Ҷ塢Ӳء
һֱоȻҶ塢ˬ˵֡
Ӳֵܶ徳صĸ֣û뵽ξȻĸ徳ߡЩ˷ܡ
˵ϳƺھӹǵٶȣҪҲִܵ
΢٣ѵӹȻڣڱȽԶȥӹ˶ҪСģ
ǻСĵģ˵ͷ
徳ءٺ٣ûлʮ֮ǰͻƵ徳ˣЦ

ʱҶ뿪ľá
һ˾˷ɽɽȥӹıؾ֮·
ԭϢ
˵ɽϵޣСģ濴ˡ
˾裬޷ǳֲû˸С
Ҷʶ޵Ŀֲ޹ǣǸûлߡ
ɱ±ض࿴ң峤֮λҲֲˡֺ̩Ҷ˵
ܰѿˬҲɵĻ峤֮λͷĪˣҶǷ˹Цݡ
ȻŲɫ΢䣬ȻҶҲ
˵ʱЦ֣û뵽Ҳ˷ɽ
˹ʮΪ֮Ǹ£޳ţʮͷӡ
ӣҶɫ΢䣬󿴵Ľ
ĽȻҲƼҶ壬ɫ΢΢һ죬ܿͻָƽ
֣ûв´ĻӦҲΧ˴˵񣿡Цˡ
ѵɫ΢䡣
ûҲ񣬺ٺ٣һΣÿ˭ɱ˴˵ĿסЦ
磬˭Ҷתͷſˬ
һø徳صߡˬ˵
徳ءҶ忴˵Ϣȷʵ
֣˵˵ĿײͨܡЦ
Ȼ֪˵Ǽһ˽Ʒ似һսͬСɡҲЦˡ
滹˵Ȼ
޲ɫ䡣
𡭡
˻ɽ˱˻ͷĿѣ
ޣ˾֡
¡Ҷ˲ԶֳƬҳ
̧ͷȥȻֻڲɱһֻɵĽëӣһֻչɵĺ
ֻǳأȫɫƣڹҫҫ֮Ŀܳ룬ϴëӡֻ޶ɢʢѪɫ̫
ħƵ𾪡
ǽëȻޣɫ䡣
ߣûгɣɱǿֻ·
ǸոճУëͱħƵĿۣѪҺɽ裬ƬֱЩȵѪҺճɻҽ
𡭡ëѾ
ȻԶȻַһֻħƵֻħƵֹëëֱУѪҺɽ
ȩ̈צ͵һץֻħƵת֣֮Ѫ䣬ľή
ȥķҶ˸ոߵķ
ֻħƵἲɣ׷ȥ
ǰҶ˸оһɿ񱩵Ѫƽ׷׾֡
תͷһʱ˽ë˿̵ĽëǳǱȫ˿ڡ
ɫ䡣
׷ǵģǱܿˣ
ҶȻڣֱߵֳ˽ȥ
Ͼ룬ֻܸҶ塣
ëȷʵû׷Ҷˣֱߣ
Ҳûתëû׷һֱܣֱһɽУͣ
ëû׷ˡתܣ׷˿
ˣһһõȻһ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥȻһˣһˣŶʮ꣬Ŵֲ¡
ҲŵӣԲڵŵӡʬ塣
ڵŵӡҶɫ΢䣬Ҳ˹ȥ
ŵѾ˸ʬϵѪҺȻȫˡ
û˿ڣҶ循ɣŵϸû˿ڣѪαɵģ
ѵʲôѪޣˬɫ䡣
Ѫޣм¶־֮ɫ
ߣʲôµģһŮ˶£ʲôĽǼꡣ
ǼεЦЦ
ʱȻ֣̾ҿ˵ǱʲôѪ㿴ó𣿡
Ҳϸû˿ڣѪɵġ²⡣
ֵĸоҶ忴ŵӵʬ壬ɫ΢䣬Ȼоڵĵڴ
ָоֻڴҵֵʱС
ѵǱӵе֮ѪҶв²Ѫĵ֡˵׵˭
ǰҲиʬȻɫ䡣
ɫ䣬˹ȥ
Ȼпһ߸ʬƤͷһѪҲûʣ¡
ĿĹˣܿп˼ʬ壬ȫ˸ʬ
ؼǣʬû˿ڣնʱù죬˵ıëȻ
գɽпһ޴ĶѨڸߴɣİ䣬һ߸ʬڶѨ֮ǰ
֣Ǹô죿˵̫죬Ҫȥһ̽𣿡Ҳòעˡ
ǲܽȥ˵Ķԣ˵ʵ̫죬ǻǳ뿪Ϊ
Ҳ˵ͷطʵ̫ˣʵڲ¡
Ҫ뿪ʱַѪѨľʱήܲסѪ
ޣҶɫ䣬˵ɫҲˡ
ಣһֻ޴ĺ֣ŶѨֻħƵ
ɫ䣬Ʋ֮£˶ת˶Ѩ
ħƵҲ˶Ѩ
˸оȻʧɫѨ
ڣѨֳ˼ڣ˹һڡ
˼ǰ˺ܾãȻһ޴ʯң
ʯҺܴ󣬸ߴɣ˳Ծǣʯ澡ˮЩˮܻǣж
ʮʯΣʮʯͻأ¶ˮ档⻪ǽϣÿ涼ţͨʯңԿʯҲˮûˡ
ѵסҶ


45 ˮ
ˮӦòһһõͷˮ档
ûЩʯҲ¶ˮ档һ˵ţʯҡ
ĽŸոˮ棬˾ȥɫ΢䣬ץסֱۡ
ȻһҽУţƺʲôˮС
ˮжɫ䣬һֱۣ
ҵȣҵȣҽУɫ԰ס
ɫ䣬ԵˮµĹ
䡭
ˮ˷ˮ裬˲ͱ˵ѪʯҶʱˮ
˹ˮ¹ʱѾˮ档
˿꣬ɫ䣬°Ѿʧˣ඼ͿˣѾ
ˮйСġɫ
壬Ҫԭطذɡһһõ־塣
ħƵܻܿڶѨ棬ԭطصĻ˵Ȼڡ
ǲԭطصĻ뿪̩ҧҧ
ǰߣֻҪǴʯʯߣͲᱻϮˡ
˵˵ͷҲֻ취ˡ
ͷʯΣʯκʯΪ壬һʯҡ
˽˭ҲҴ⣬Ͼˮ浽жٹ˭Ҳ
ûãѾʯңʯʵ̫ˣԹ
ȥ߳ȥҶɫ΢䡣
Сӣôѵ˲ɣĽЦȻҶ
ӣСˮĹɳ㣬ЩϲϸƤŮˡҶͷĽ񣬵ȻһЦ
ĽϸƤ⡱ĸ֣Ҳ֪뵽ʲôպȻ
ȻҶ忴Ľ񱳺ɫ䣺ޣ
Сӣ㻹˵㣡Ľ죬ǳм
ҶûĽһӵĽǰһĽ񱳺ޣ
ľɢҫ۵ѪʯҶյͨ졣ֻޱĽ񣬲ȴҶһϣʱ
ȵѪҺɽĽϣĽʧɫҶĻˡ
ಡ
Ҷɱ޵ɲǣʮֻˮÿֻ޵ϣɢʢѪҫ֮
ȹޣҲӦ׷׼ޣ
һʱ䣬ʯжŻȵѪ
Щ޵ľ粢ͬе徳أе徳أҲе徳ء
徳صȻǽ̩˶ԸֻҪ޾ˡ
ҶĶ徳صޣֻ޵ǳǿ󣬽ӽǧٶҲ÷˼
ҶٶȺ֮ϣ뿿ٶȡʤǲܵġ
ˢҶɱ޵ĺľպޱȡ
ˣնյıܿľ
޻ɡҶɫ΢䣬޿ԷУɱ̫鷳ˡ
ȻɱҶЦѪѪһ
һʵ̫죬ľոմ̳Ѿ޵ĺǰʹ޵ĺ
Ҷľγʱ˿ڴȻûüѪҺ
ԶʯϣĽǡÿҶɱޣо֮ɫ
СӸҽֵʱûоȫ
Ľҧź촽ĹĵУһ
Ҷûע⵽Ľı飬˿ֺ̣һֻɱ
ֻͬʹѪһɱʬͨһ׹ˮ档
Ȼ޵ʬ屻ʲôˮ棬ûãˮ淭޵ĳƬѪҺˮ档
ˮ»ԲֹޣҶɫ΢䡣
ת˲֮䣬ɱʬȫˮµĹˣˮϵ޵ĳƬͻȵѪҺҶ忴ԵʬĹﳤһŴ죬ͺĴһ㡣
ʱһֻޱնɱˮ棬ˮµĹְ޵ʬˮ¡
ߣͷһʯң˽
˸ոսʯңͷ⵽˹ǸʮĿ󺺣ֳս
һͭǹ͵Ļս֮ϡ
һͭǹսײǧٵҫ۵ѪʯҶΪ֮𶯡
ȫ𣬽µʯκȻ飬ֳսĿҲܣµʯҲ촷ۡ
󺺺ȫѪնû׹ˮУǿ徳ߣȻԷС
徳ϵ߷еʱ򣬶ĸ̫ԣûбҪĻǲ᳤ʱеġ
л࣡濴ſ󺺣ɫ΢䡣
л࣬ǺˮڵˣΪܵڵĵЦƺҲʶ󺺡
ߣȥʲôطƺҪģл౳һʮЦ
ԭʯڲֹֻлһˣ⻹ʮͱ뺷꣬Ѫʢߡ
ˮڡҶüͷתͷſˬ
ˮںڶһĴɣأˬЦˮڵŵԣɱǲˣߣҲɱǲˡ
ˮڵҲе𣿡Ҷ档
ȻУˬɫˮȻϵֺϵ֣ʵڸǿһ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ھȻһС
ʱǽлĿ󺺺ȻЦ棬رҴߣ֪˺ûУ
ԣľõɫ䡣
л࣬ͱ͵ϮҴ磬Ҵ𣿡Ц㱨ˣ
ߣƾ滹ҵĶ֣Ҳһְɣл࿴
л࣬ֶԸ㣿Цˡ
һøлƴһȻٴıҶ忴һ
֣лȻȣɱ档
Цͭǹձл࣬ʹԭǹлಫɱ
˵ӰȰ㴩ʯϿգɱذߣƣɽӡ
ͬʱʮЦʯΪ壬ɱҶˡ
ܣܣСģˬҶͳųǹɱһ徳ߡ
磬ٱȱȿ˭ɱ˶࣡ЦҲųǹɱ˳ȥ
ҶЦˣݽһʯϣӽһ徳ߣľ죬ɢҫ۵Ĺâ
Ǹ徳߻ûüܣľͻĺѪҺɽ
ɱһˣҶӵһʯϣֿʼһ徳߲ɱ
ԶĽȻ߳һһԾһˮڵŵӶ
㣡һõ걾סĽ񣬿ϧѾˡ
ȥɡڣûжֵ˼ĺôٰҶˣ
һõļ겻ΥĻ˭ҲҳְĽ


46 Ѫ
ʯҳѪζҶֻɱһ徳ߡ
ò˶ãľҪһ徳ظˡע⵽Ҷ壬¶ļɵ
¡лȻ׹£ˮУȻǱģ
ĿȥһʮףĹͻȻɳˮ棬ͷ­ˡ
ţˮ淭Ưʬ塣ಣһˮлࡣ
л౻ˣлʣµļɫһ䣬׷֣ͣ˵ʯҽļʯϡ
ߣлͻȻתһʯңļ½
׷浱׷ȥҶͿˬ˽
壬ô죿Ľתͷ
ȥ׷ȥĽæϡ

ܿ죬Ҷ˸лһʯңʯʯʯ⣬һɫĴǴˮģϽɫĹӣȭͷСɢɫĹâ
ʯңʱЩɫĹʵյó죬Уޱȡ
Ѫлһϲ
Ѿ׷ɱлģעȫѪϡ
ѪʲôҶɫ΢䡣
ÿߵѪҺ̺ŲЩ󲿷ǳȥʳֻʲôԭ򡣡ˬ͵ѪԴѪҺѪҺ֮вȫ
һЩˣѪ֮ǻøǿҶɫ䡣
ûѪ̺̫Ե徳µ߳Ѫ϶ܲסˬɫҪѪҲ徳ء
ʱѪ徳ߵЧ󣬸徳صͨ˵Ͼܴﵽ徳شԲҲûпܡ
ʱлѾѪ
ǸոտѪʯкȻɳɫӰӰƹлǰ
ҶĿȥľȻֻȫɫëĺӣ
ֻӾȻųǵرߣͣըԵʢѪֻϣص˷ִĸоʵڿֲ
徳أлɫء
Ȼֻɱл࣬ٶȼ졣
лԵֻӲɱײڶʯҶ𶯡
ԶԶȥͺŻڲײÿײὦǧҫ֮Ѫ
ʱһõ˽ʯңһǾͿѪ
Ѫһ漴ϲȫѪǣһ˹
𡭡һֻӰл࣬סָ繴ץ
ߣߣһޣ˺ӵָϡ
žһķޣɱ
ʱһһʯϿղɱȦˣε˵Ƥʹֹ
Ҷ忴ֻӱ˲סˣûԥ̤һʯκʯ˹
ˬĽ˱˹
˲䣬Ҷ˹ԱߣժȡѪһ˺Ȼȭȭͷ
徳أҶɫһ䣬ʹ󾢵أһ˶Էȭͷľųҫ۵Ѫ
ľǳ徳ظҲҳֿȭӲӣοԷֻǸ徳ߡ
ȻԷȭͷ˺󼸲ܿľķâ
Ҷ׷˶Է˶ԷǰתѪȫʮڰ˽Ѫһ
һٶѾ쵽˼£Ҷǿ֮侪ˡ
Էɫ䣬ս͵ľ֮ϡ
һԷս𣬴ӶԷַɳͨһˮС
ҶٴνһֱƶԷĺȥľ綾ߣ
ԷϾ徳ߣؼʱ͵һʯʯȻ顣ʯ󣬶ԷѾƮƮƮ˲Զһʯ֮ϡ
ͬʱҶͻȻקסһ֦ɣԲû׹ˮС
ק֦ɣҶ͵һӵ˹֮ϡһҶͿʼժȡѪת˲֮ժȡʮʵȫϵϵƤС
ǸҶ徳̣һԾȻϡɾץסɵʱҶһԾһϣǡþ徳ߵϷ
ˢҶһ徳ߵͷ­ľ֮ϡ
徳ѾñҶ幥׼ԣҶľնɱ˲䣬ӺȻһŤתƾʹ˸ǧ׹һʯϡ
ɱҡ徳ߵĻû˵꣬ıͻȻһ˳ǹͱǹ֮ϲʢѪ
徳߻ûüתǹѾĺ󱳣ؿѪ
ͻȻ֮ˣȻǿˬ
ˬγǹ徳߶ʱʯϣŹˮУˮеĹˮгˡ
ܣţˬ̧ͷҶ塣
Ҷ˵ͷժȡѪ
ͬʱ·һúͺˮڵŵӶѾ׷һԾ
ˬͳ׷׳ֹһЩ˵ǻɱһЩõĶ㿪ǵĹʯϣҲ
һ˲ûбˬ˹Ľ
ĽȻһõˣͿˬ˵Ľ鲻Կˬ˷˹
СӣȫժˣһЩĽҶһ
ӣٷϻĻѪûˡҶЦˡ
ߣ˵Ĳŷϻ˵ÿ仰˵ĻãĽһæժȡѪ
ҶЦЦժȡѪʯȻ̸
ƴ壬ǰȫɱˡ
Ƕ˸ʬ
ƴ壬ǡ߰ɣ˵̫ˡ
ǰƴ硣
˵䣬ѾʮʯңΪ֮ݸߣѪʢʵ档
Ϊ֮˸˵ͿʯеѪһϲѪ˴˹ұضܹͻƵ徳ء
ಣΪ֮˺ȻתѪѪ֮˹
Сģ̵ŵӻףҲ徳أˬɫ䡣
Ҷ̧ͷһѾɵ˹ǰ
ѪǸõõĶ
ЦͭꪣһꪻˢһһѪɫâնɱҶ塣
Ҷɫ䣬һɣ͵ĳԾľǰ
飡Ѫɫâնϼִ֦ɣľ֮ϣҶڵ㼱׹£ͨһˮС
СӣĽݾ䡣
СѾͷȥӲɱŮˣ׹Цһϡ
Ľҧҧ´ʯϡ
ܣ磩ˬͳˮ棬ȫˡ
Զںл½ֵ̩һϧӾȻûС


47 Ѫ
ˮг˵ĹҶȥɣˬ˵Ĳɳȥ
ʱ趯ǹ˺ӣŭɫĳɱ˻ףһǹ˻׵ͷ­ǹȵѪҫ֮
ɫ䣬һƿ˼ףնյıܿĹ
ףҪɱ㣡汩ȣ緢ŭʨӣռɱ˻ס
棬ĳ㲻ɣױŭʾųӭȥ
顭
ת˲֮䣬ѾѾʮУײ֮Ѫҫ۶Ŀ
׺ɱлǳԾײɱ˸徳ߣõôŭ
ȴ֪Ϊʲô˷ŭҶ츳˾ˣ˵Ϊľõŵӳڱɱˣ᲻ŭ
ûᣡݵĳԾлȻЦˣѪȻûѪ
˹˹˻ֵסл࣬Ĺ
лŭȣꪼ˺ӡ
һһʯϿղɱѪӳֿȭлĳꪣ֮ǿʵ˾̾
ͬʱҲӲˣͬ޷Ѫ
ֻʧȥ֣ʱճɱѪµĿˬˣ
ߣˬæľõļһţͳͬʱһԾһʯϡ
һЩ˶ʱצ˺룬ѪɣѪ졣
ӿ徳ޣսǿͬҲҪ·磬οǾ͵ߣ
̩˱ںлͻ׵˵½֣Ȼɱ˹֣ͣ׷׳ֹӡ
徳ġص֣ˣսǿһʱҲ޷սʤ⼸ˡ
ӱ̩˲סˣˬҲ˿
͵ʯսʱһЦʯңĸ徳ߣֻ徳ޣкü徳ߣǵѪȫɣҲܴﵽˡ
ɫ䣬뿴ķֻһֻ޴ĺʯңϾȻһѪ꣬Ѫüпź㣬죬ǴаЦ
ѪȻ޵ϣ˷׷׾֣ѵ¾ߣ
ԣ¾ޣҲūޣްʮ㣬᳼ࣿοղѪѾ˵ˣֻ徳ضѣ¾
˶ѪסˣֻħƵסˡ
û뵽ﻹѪҲѪټЩ˵Ѫҿ϶ͻƵѪ꿴ѪȻЦ
ѵڶѨˡΪ˲űɸʬģ׺Ȼ뵽ʲôӾ֡
徳صѪ̫ˣҲɱǣɡ
΢٣Ѫ꿴̩ˣЦ徳֮ϵˣͨͨ£
ӣ̩Ҳû룬תͳš
ӣĸ𣿡
ѪЦµħƵȻ񶯳򣬳죬ŷǧٵҫ۵Ѫɨ˷
ħƵ徳֮ϵߣԿˬ˲û⵽
ˬߣſˬһţæǹѪ
ߣˬҧҧתһڡ
˽
ĽҲߣҲߴĽ
Ľҧ͵һţת׷ų˶ȥ
䡭
ˬĽȻѾ뿪ʯңɻѾսĲҡһ徳ߣټһֻޣ˼ûκߵĻᡣ

ʯзսʱˮ£һںʮֻʳɱҶ壡
ԭҶ屻״ˮûǱˮµʳסˡ
Щʳ󲿷ֶ徳ޣҲٲ徳ޣҶѾʩչˡȼѪͱʳʬˡ
ɱʮͷʳҶɫ԰֮ȻѾɵѪĵٶʵ̫죬ҪתܻѪʧȥѪ
ʳʬ壡ҶĿһ̽ץסһֻնɱʳɵ֣֮ͷųʳȫ
ʳȻǿȴֵס֮˲ͻ촷ۣҶڡ
ʳѪҶʧѪָһС֡ţϳɱʳʳѪ⣬Ȼ޷Ѫٶȣȴ֧źܾá
յѪⲻ࣬Ծ·ˡ
ɵֺ󣬺ɫ塭Ҳֻܸ֮ơڣ֮ȻˣԸסֻۡ
ԶԶȥ۾ͺһɫЩɫʲôʲôͻᱻɡ
ѵɵɵĶһָңһֱֱˣҶ²⡣
ü²ʱˮдĺ𡭡
徳ޣҶɫһ䣬תͷһһֻʮ׳ʳ˹
ʳȫͷųʢѪͺˮµһ
ҶҲû룬һնɱǰʳȫζѪأ徳޽֡
𡭡ʳ˻״βİڶ㴩ˮУ׷ȥ
ˮ£Ҷٶȵʳת˲֮䣬ʳҶѾʮףȵѪѾסҶ壬Ҷڻ¯еĸо
ȻҶˮһǽиѷ죬ԥ˽ȥѷֻͨʳǾ޷ȥġ
䡭
ʳͷ­ײѷ죬ǽھ𶯡
ѷУҶ屾תʳһת֮£ֻܼѷζ
ûãҶͷˮ۵ĹâȻζĻӦҵڡ
ûԥҶȥܿ죬¶ˮ档һ¶ˮ棬ͿһʯңʯҲǺֻܴʮ׸ߣݺʮס
ڵĵطʵʯҵϵһѷ죬ѷˮ
Ծˮ棬ҶϸʯңֻʯƯĸɢ뵵ĹâʯлһʯһΣţƺĳǿߵıչ֮ء
ҶߵԱߣľ̽һ£Ű˽ȥ
似Ҷɫ΢䣬ѹе似ȡ
һýɫֽűƳɵ似ʹǧ꣬Ҳʧ
˽Ʒ似̺ȭҶЩ
似ЩʧȭǱãǴɱ似
Ҷ似ó似
һ˽ƷȭǱá
ڶ˽ƷǱá
ڶ似ʧΪרŸŮ似
˽Ʒңơ似
似ҶЦˣѾС׽ϴ蹦ҪǱ似似Ҫġ


48 
Ҷʯڵ֮ϣšңơ
ϲǣ˼ǣΪңƷң֮ĶƳƣѳĪܱ֮
ң֮Ҷ忴似ܸ٣似׷Ӧٶȵļ¡
ſȥ似дţ֮ˣΪһؾ磻֮ʮˣΪڶؾ磻֮ʮˣΪеؾ֮ʮˣΪϾ硣
⼸׫д似֮˵עͣϾϷƾ룬֮޳ɣɲϷ֮ź
ǰؾԳƵ˽Ʒ似ɵϾ磬ǿȵؽ似
ҶԼ񵽱ˣܳص֮Ȿ似ضɱɵؽ似
ȻҪܳ似Ҷģһʱ䣬л
Ȿ似Ʒϵ£Ʒ
Ҷʼաңơصķλ̤
ֻҶӰ䣬磬Ƽ÷˼
ȭҲãƷҲգӦĲ޷ӳ似ġ˵ÿһ׺õ似Ӧ߲λ
ܿ죬ҶϤ̤λʼƷ߳ƣ̤ķλ

ƷХҶԽԽ죬ͬʱȴ˸оƮɢң
ȻҶٶȻ죬ͬͻȻˣʯзԾƷХ
ңơһأ֮ˣʵֻǻѣҶֻһˡ
ʱԺҶӰ𽥱࣬
ְʱҶӰ˾Ÿ
һʱҶӰȻǾŸŸӰٶȴ絯ԾѸ硣
û֪ҶڼʱھͰѵһˣ϶ᱻ𾪵˵
һ˽Ʒ似Ĵ콾ҲҪʱɵһأֻСɡ
֮ˡҶȻ˺벽ͣ˸ӰҲ֮ʧ
һأҶѾ֮ˡ
Ҷ似ʣµأʯңһ·
ʯҲܷģضгڲŶԣʱô˽
ʯƬ̺Ҷüͷûҵκγڣѷ֮⡣
ϣŲǰţһȥž˵档
Ҷɫһ䣬ȻͷһѾ˵ʯС
Ȼǰǽ̧ͷһɫȻˡ
ǽھȻ͸粣ҶԿʯңʯҲˮûˣǰǵʯһģһ
𾪵ǣʯеˮȻ޷ڵʯҡҲ˵ǰǽȻѾ͸ȴ赲ˮкЧ
֪ܲܵסңҶߵ͸ǽǰְȥ
ִ͸ǽڣûܵκ谭
ѵʯ˿Գȥʯȴ޷Ҷ²⡣
Ҷ屾ȥǾʱʯУˮȻţˮ
Ҳû룬ҶȻǽڣͻȻ֮ˡ
ͻȻֵһʯϣϴϢǵıϣֱϵȵȵ˿ڣȫѪ
̩Ҷ壡Ҷɫһ䣬ͻȻֵ˾Ȼ̩ˡ
ҺֻħƵˮұɣ̩ʯϣ¡
ҶҲ˵ͷ
̩Ҷڵǽڣȴȫûע⵽Ҷ壬ҶʱףǽˡԼ
Գƹյ˵ԼǾа̵ˣġ̩
а̣գҶüͷ֪Լ׹ˮкʲô¡
ھа̵ĵλ϶ܸߣҲħƵҶ֮ɫ
ħƵȻǽй֮˵Ҷһ
Сʵ̫аˣȻл඼˸ʬ̩¡
лˣҶɫ΢䣬Ȼ뵽֮ǰѨЩʬЩʬҲǳԹ֮֡
˵а̺򣬽ͽ鲼£һվôѹڶκβ˾а̵ˡ˵ţҶѾ뿪ʯҡ
ϷѾδˣˣʲô֣ʲôطģ
ҶȻЦǳϣѾ徳ߣԿԼ
˭̩˴󾪣Ŀܡ
ٺ٣ϷҪСˡҶЦˡ
̩ĿĹˣûпκˣвɷë
ˣϷǲƼҲ޼¡ҶЦ
ܣ̩˾֣Խ徳Ĵڣܿġ
ˣˣ似ϷƣϷ򿴿ΡҶЦ
ѵλǰΪͽܱλǰͽܣǻʲôŵӣ
̩˶ֻ֣æʯϴˡȭȭХѪ̩ͨȭҶʹ˽ָ羢
̫̫ƨͨѧʲôƨ似Ҷƿڴ
̩һ죬ʩչĿ˽Ʒ似˵Ѿ߼Ҳ֪ԷȻܣ˽似Էķۣ
ˣҲи߼似ߣͽˣаɡҶ̾
ǣǰ̩ЦЦֽŴȭ
̫̫һ֣Ҷ
̩ΣָԻһ֡
ٻҶ
ֻ̩ˡԭǹǹâ£ʯҶǹš
ǿԡҶڲٿ̩ˡ
̩¶ϲɫ
һ̣ҶȻʲôϷ
ǣ
̩ʹˡٲϡԭǹǹû
ףϧϧҶ̾Ϣ
ǰĲʲôԵ𣿡̩ͣ
ѧĲ㲻ϧ˸ĵĿȫˡҶߣƨͨȻҲҸĶ˵似
ԣ̩˷ǵûӼˣǱЩǰϧȫˡ
ٲȷʵڵ˸ˣǰȻܿǸ֣
ǰ֪ɷָһ̩˶ǽڣ˸
ߣָ㣬Ϸʲôô˷Ϸʱ䣡Ҷһ
ǰָĻԸţ̷ǰ̩˾Ȼͬʱʯϣͷ
ˣгķϣϷָһºˡҶ˵ϿԪʯ
У̩æͷ
㰴Ϸ˵ķλʯϲáҶ嵱ѾŹλĲ֮˵̩
̩˴ϲԪʯʯϲ˾Źλͼ
ǵľȻܵͣӦÿԿͼİմͼǵĲܹ˽ƷҶ˵
̩˵ȻóŹλǡٲؼĲ֣ˣǶλǰŷ޻ɡ


49 
лǰлǰֿ̩ͷ
ϷⱲϲ˿ͷһͷϷ;Ƿ顣Ҷ̾
̩ȴ˷ܣһĲϿͷ˵ͷ쳹ʯҡ
Ҷǳ鴤˲徳ġصߣô£ͷȻûа˺ۡ
ǰָһһǧͷҲУ̩
ҲգϵķϣϷͰССһ¾ˡҶ̾
磿̩˵ɴ۾˷ܹͷˡ
ôѵ㲻Ը𣿡Ҷ֡
һٸԸ⣬һǧԸ⣡̩˼æ͡
ٺ٣ϷԴһ似ඥ񹦡Ϸľ磬˵ֱӳΪܣȴҲżҶǳš
̩˼ȫż컯似ǰ߯ˡ
ǰԶǽǰǲʯҶϳ
ǣǰǽǰȷʵʯ׿̩æش
ʯܲҵ㵽ǽǰʯҶ建ڡ
̩ѾȫˡǰҲû룬һԾǽڵʯϡ
£ͷǽڣϷϾҪΪˡҶøӲɣ
ǣлǰ̩˼æ£ͷ˵ͷǽڡ
ǽ֮Ҷ忪󽣵֣ڹէƴСĺɫС֡ţҶȫʮ֮ѪעУͻȻ߳⻪
Ҷǽڣһ̩˵Ĳ
ˢն̩˵ͷ­ͷ­תͬʱˮ棬ͷ­ˮеɲǣ̩˶㵣
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮Ҷ岻ǾӣԲҹ
նɱ̩˺Ҷɫ԰ף͸ǽڣ̩˵ʬ˽
̩ϵԪʯҶ忪ɵ֣̩֮˵ȫת˲֮䣬̩˵Ѿɴ̩˵Ѫ⣬Ҷɫֱú
̩ͷǡҶԲˡ
Ȼһ͸ǽʯңܴ磬ʯ̫࣬ǵʲôطˣ
ܣҶɫ΢䣬̧ͷһ͸ǽʯнˣ˾Ȼǿˬͳ
ңܳЩޣҲɢˬЩ
ԭˬ޵Ϯ޵̫࣬ĴӴܣʧɢˡ
磬ȥҿɣ϶ҵǣ˵
ˬ˵ͷ
˸ߣһϵ𣺡С޵츳ܺá
ˬͳɫ䣬ĿĹˣȴҲκˡ
Ϸ似ϷҲ˷ѣǿҪҶЦϡ
ǰǷ׷ǹʣΪʲôҪ似ˬűˡ
ˣЩ似̫ͣϷѧڶϷ˵ѾûˡҶЦϷ˵ʲǳʺ似
˵ţҶȡ̺ȭ˳ȥ似ǽ˿ˬ
ˬǳĿ似һֽۣס似
ಣһ似ǽ˳ǡȭ
˽Ʒס似ϲɫ
ǰҪǰʲô𣿡ˬǳ侲
ϷղǵĻ֪Ƿǳͬ飬似͸ǡοϷ֮ܣҪǵİҶЦ
лǰˬͳϴ
Ϸ򿴣ӦûеְɣҶȻʵ
ˬͳĬȷʵûС
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ԣˬͳŴҲΪûеֶе΢
סϷ˵ĻˣϷҪϢˣ߰ɡҶ建ڡ
лǰͿˬԵĸлԥƬ̣תȥ
ĿͿˬȥҶЦ磬ܣľֻЩˣҪԼˡ
Ҷ֮ԲʵˬģһֳΪǿߵģ
Ҷ뿪ʱ͸ǽ˽ˡ
ӣҶȻЦˡ
ߣСӺͿܴȥʲôطˣĽһ֣η塣
СѾͷϷҵҪҵʲôطҶַ˲ϵ
˭Ľݾ䣬ĿתѰ˵֮ˡ
СѾͷˣϷ֮ܣǲҵҸʮҲҲҶЦ
ߣƫţʮʱ䣬Ұ﷭׳죬һҵ㣡Ľ졣
ҶЦôҲǰˣôһ֮ĶûУ
ٺ٣ôˣҲ֪˵ĻûɣĽǳ⡣
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СѾͷҪҪүүĻүүҾһ似Ҷɫ
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СѾͷаɣүԲ˵ģҶֿˡ
ߣһʲô˵ģк˺ߣĽЦүүɲҪ˵㻰
Ůүүƭ㣡ҶЦһӣǽĽ
˽ƷĽס似𾪡
ôҵĹŮүүûƭɣҶ
үүȻûƭңĽȻˡ
ŮҪҵ˴ߵˣȥ׷ǣҶЦˡ
лүүĽЦЦתߵš
ӣһ似㼸үүҳԴˡҶ̾ǽȥ
ûãҶ׷Ľ񣬴˿̣ˬͳȻҲڡ
СӣûĽϲ
ܣ磩ˬͳҶ壬һϲ
׹ҵʱ򣬱һ£ҪȻҾͼˡ΢٣ҶʵҲڵʱ򣬵׷ʲô£
ˬɫһ䣬ľҶ塣
Ҳ˵ǵĴǳΣաҶɫ䡣
磬Ӧûƽµġ˵ĻԼЩš
ȻһЦҶڵʯңˬǷģǻˣ
Ҷɫһ䣬뿴ȥһ󺺽ʯңǱˣ棡ͺӲءֵܡ
ˣҶ˵϶ʱ¶ϲɫ
ôӳģˬʵ
ֻëͻȻʯңǳûˮŵѡ¡


50 
أӳûУĽ档
ҲˮûаȫӳͲö֪ˡԼҲȷ
Ľ΢䣬˵
Ѿ˺üʯңɶûз̩䣬ѵɫ΢䡣
˵ز˾뿪Ⱦа̵뿪̩ʵţ˿Ѿ˶Ѩ⡣뿪Ѩ
˵˵ͷͬľڳ֮ˣֻҶ֪̩ѾԶʧˡ
뿪ʯңԭ·ء
ʯңҶ˾Ȼ˼ľúһõˣ⼸˿Ҷˣ˿
ţһ˼һʯУ뿪ʯң˶ѨСܿ죬һ˾˶Ѩ֮ɽС
Ǹոɽ֣ͼһõ꣬ǾȻѾǰӳˡ
ţĽ¶Ц̡
֣а̵ϾͻǻΪɫصĿ档
ã˵ͷ
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һ˲ͣϢѾԶˣٵĹջ׷
ϢƬ̺һٴ̣˴еĿĵأӹ
ǽйյӦò׷ˡ˿
壬ǸӦҲеְɣĽ̲סʵ
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һѩУ˱ɪɪ徳Ҳܲס
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˵ûƽıѩܰ˶ܰѴҶסɫء
Ҷ̧ͷԶĻ棬ֿܵıѩüͷзǳ⡣
顭
ԶȻײƺĳûʯͷ
Ҷɫ䣬ȥܿ죬Ҷ˾һյϿһִıߴɣʮ˶޷ϱ
һ޴ı򣬱оȻһŻ棬пȭͷСӣɫʯɢ뵽⣬ʹû޷
ʮøͷʮ˴󲿷ֶ徳ߣ˾ȻѾ徳ߡʮ⣬϶ˣĸ˷ڸ߿գȻþ޸
շУ˵ĸ徳ߣ
ĸУעһ󺺣Ѫʢ֮ò׺Ϲһֱ۴ִĻ
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ûȷʵǴˣӦþǴ˵Ŀߡ̧ͷǸߵĴ󺺡
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˿űڣסĽɫӣɫˢһ䡣
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ǣҲûôҶа۴Сֻǰ֮һҡ
֣ԲЩܰˣȫѪȻεض𣬳ߵˡ
ಡ
徳ϵҲεض𣬷߿նȥ
ãڵŵӣɫ䡣
ߣϹ˳ڵĻǿһЦѾΧסߵˡ
ߣƨӵֵܾϵģ˳ڣ
Ц޸һ˦
ߣڤ粻飡Цޣס˾޸
ҿ߱ȣһŤ޸תѪ״˷ޡ
Ȼųǹɱߣǹ籩̳춼Ѫɫǹ
ߺ޾ɫһͳǹײڶ
ʱߺڸ߿ղɱѪĵһȦȦʮ֮ڣ˸޷
ûг֣мڸ֣ҪԼɱߡ
ʱѾʹ徳ɱѪ裬ҫ۶Ŀ
ͬʱҶҲʹ˶
ҶѾɱ˺üܣȫһԸܣֻҪ徳أֻҪһ
СӣҲҸȱȿ˭ɱ˶ࣿĽҶ壬ϴ֮ɫ
ӣñҲ֪϶䡣Ҷҡҡͷ
ҶСˣĽŭҧź촽ȵУ㲻Ҳñȣ
㣬ҶʦѾɱĸˣɱһһһõѡ
ҲҪܣĽһۡ
ǣҹҹڨڨһЦ
㣬Ҷʦɱһˡһ̲סѡ
ҲҲɱˣĽһɱһܡ
һõһۣҡͷЦ


51 Ƶķ
㣬ҶʦѾɱ
㣬ˡ
Ҫ
Ľһõļŭݡ
㡭һһõֹ
ߣ㻹ǲˣ˵Ůһ£Ľ
㣬˵ѾɱˡЦ
Ľһ䡣
ӣҸղŲ˵˿϶㡣Ҷ峯Ľգգۼ䡣
Ľֱţתһõļ꣬˭ǶԸܵģ
һõļЦѡ
ȻһЦлǰǳЩܣ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ȥʮŻɫµΪ֮Ѫʢ˿ˡ
ͬʱҲȺˣΪ֮ҲѪʢǳǿ
Ҷϵó߳ȺˣӦ̵ŵӣȺУһȺӦǺˮڵŵӡһȺˣǴźɫƤУǳ뺷Ҳ֪ĸɵŵӡ
ˣˬͳ˿Щźɫеˣɫ䡣
ҶĿҲе֣֣˽ѵϵ֣
ҲˣǷ׷ͣ֡
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Ī˵ģЦ
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˵ߣ˵Ķ԰ɣ
ߣһ
Ӧ޵ܷסı飬¾ҲƲҶһƿ
ƲƵÿɲ˵㣡
Цһɵ˱Աߡ
ಣಣ
çͺҲɵ˱Աߣûֹ
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˼Եʼȫ򣬶ʱ޴ı򱻻ȵѪ
ʮΣǱȴ˿ƶûУ𾪡
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ʯҶɫ΢䣬ͻȻֵ꣬ȻڵĴ콾֮һ
ߣʯֲѣתӣתۼʧߡ
ʯҲûпҶһۣɵ˱ԱߣȻĿҲ
ϧˣҲ徳أҲҪһҶĿһ
ʱʯѾꪣһһ˱֮ϡ
¡űҲţҲ𶯡𾪵ǣʯ˾˵һȻֻڱһССİ۶ѡ
˵ʯǿߣȻҲ޷ƿ
µĶ
ʯϢǣƤɫͷҲɫһȦȦ˴ɢϯ˷
סܴ֮򴩱𣿡Ҷ
ʱʯٴξ˳ꪣʢѪȻʯ󲽳򣬳ꪻ˱ϣ¡һ죬𣬵ҲΪ֮
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ȼûб̴ꪴ
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ʯעˡ
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׽Ԫʯɫһ䡣
Ӧǡ¾ߡҶɫ䡣


52 콾ۻ
̫׽콾˿׽Ԫɫ䡣
˰Ծʱ׽ԪѾ˱ȻҲԿܴܲ򿪱
׽ԪӦÿˣǰӦ֣ܽӦǷӡġʯЦˣǿ϶ưոݵġ
ɫ䣬֮ǰȻ֣ܽѵ˵֮ԻӣΪܣ뵽жɺ⡣
֡û´ǵУһӦ̵ĳϣ׽ԪԶһЦ
̣ɫ䣬ԭ̵ʹ˵ֲ֮þӹᱻյ롣
ȻûЩ浱еֵϢҶ尵ԾԷĵ֮ʵڿֲȻԻٵҵ
֮ҲǿԳɳģӵеֵˣֻΪǿܵĵǿޱȣлصܣԶԶҶڵĵܿġ
׽ԪһõĲǵ֣ĸɵˣʯȻЦˡ
ǵ֣һƺ뵽ʲôָֻƽ
ԷûõֵĻʲôӹģҶжʱɻ
Ҷ˵ʱ׽ԪȻЦʯ˵ô໰ʱɣ
ʯɫ΢䡣
ʯϾҪˣĳȻûҲ֡
˵ţ׽Ԫһһɫ乭ȻУɢ˼¶Ϣ
֣ɫ䡣
ŵӳ˵̫׽̱Ϊ׼˫ֵֻĹǳǿ֪ļܲ䴩򣿡Ҷ忴׽Ԫ
ʯʯˣѾĳȡˡ
׽ԪһЦ̧е乭乭ֻһȻ乭Ȼ䳤ú׽Ԫߡ
ʯȻֹ׽ԪȴûǸʵϾֻ߶ѡ
Ȼ׽Ԫסң£һѪɫʸ֣ԽԽʵձúļʸһģһ
ʲô֣Ѫ֮Ҷ忴һĻԵֵʶһЩ
Ȼлкܶ಻⣬磬Ϊʲôɵ֡Ѫ
ʱ׽Ԫɿ˹ңѪɫʸһǻҫ۶Ŀޱȡ
¡¡ļʸƿصһ֮ʵڿֲ¿ɱһߡ
ಣѪɫʸٶʵ̫죬ʯ֮䣬ʸ˱֮ϣ꣬ʸȻ˱С˺ðŻָƽ
ҶĿȥѪɫʸ˱ȴûг׻ܿ죬Ѫɫʸͻ˿˿Ѫɢ֮䡣
ôʯո˿¶˵֮ɫ
ߣҾͲŵڶ䲻׽ԪЦһ
ಣڶ˱ϣϵѷӿţ׽Ԫ˵ڱϣѷصļȥ󣬱ͻ᳹׷ˡ
׽ԪļʱһХ쳹ؼ䣬
ಣһʮɳĺëǲ֪Ӻδݶ˱һȼյʯ
ߣĪǣҲĳĶ׽ԪЦ͵һ֧Ѫɫʸ˺ëǡ
ëǵٶȼ죬һԾܿѪɫʸѪɫʸԶķϣݺȻ촷ۡ
ĭԽԽû뵽ȻЩ콾ˡ
ϵ֡ҶȤĿźëǣ⻹һμӵϵֵˡ
׽ԪҲ̫Լˣ˵ģģҲ󣡡
ëǺȻЦٴγ˱
ߣ׽ԪЦٴѪɫʸƿ˺ëǣ
ëҲߣռݣٴαܿ˼ʸռɱ׽Ԫ
׽Ԫɫ΢䣬˺ʮɣٴѪɫʸϷëǡ
ʱëǺ׽ԪսȻûнɱȴһľĸо
ҲʯȻЦ˱ʱʱ
ۿʯ֣һŻ֮ƣʯ
̣ʯɫһ䣬æˣնյıܿ˻
һ죬ǡ˱ϣҲܲס꼸鿪衣
Ȼˣ֮⻹йһЩɲǷ΢һ㶼ܰճɻҽ
ȻһЦ˷ȻǱӡģ
ЦУһɫӰѾԱߡ
ҶĿȥȫһٲȻǸˣֵǣȴû
̡֣
Ҷ˲׹˱ض̵콾֮һǱ̵ĳϷӡģôͻȻֵ˿϶»棬ܶ
ڻʱ򣬺ȻһȫɢʢѪ˴Զһȭ˻ˣ
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ٰףڵˡʯһЦץȻ»档
ߣûôף
ٰЦһΣһӰʯ죬һȭȭͷϻ汩ǣʮڶʱ˻𻨡
ٰףȻ磬Ҳǿ֣ʯЦһȭӭȥ
һƺΪ֮ڳֶĸо
䡭
ʯٰײɱ˶ûκȫǳֿȭڽ֡
ٰӵ֣ÿγȭĻ棬죬˾֡ʯķʵ̫ǿˣ޷˵ʯ졣
ʯȻûʯ쾪ĹƣȴȭȭͰԵȭ֮ÿȭٰмܡ
ʯѾڲ֮ءҶ尵Ծҵֵķʵھˡ
ʱʯ֪ʱֳԱߣ촽˻С
ҶĿȥֻʯɫ԰ףȻڳĪʹࡣµĻˣʯȻӵҵ֣ҲԲ
ڣʯӻȡĹ⻪ҫ˷̫ҫۡ
Ȼʧȥ˹󣬹⻪Ҳ֮ʧȻѾұ״̬
ϧˡҶԽԽʵ
ʱ
һֱ۰ִٴԶٲͷų棬硣ʯ֮䣬پʯе֮ϣʯ˳ȥ
ڰлһߣԶĳУ֪١
˭ʯŭѡ
̵ĳϷӡģӦСһĽЦص


53 ·
ʯЦɫһ䡣
ʯû˼ˡЦ֮ʣһʮ߰ķŮԶ
Ůһβ裬ż򵥣һֿɰĸоͬʱϾȻż٣پȻڲȼգֵǣЩȻ˲
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ʯչڸ߿У١
ʯͲսߺȻЦת׹֮ء
Լçɫ䣬ԥ˲Ҳת׹֮ء
ҶĿһҲȥǵõûᣡ
ܿ죬Ҷ˾ӿһݺСУ׹Χ
ҶɹԶϢǳУûãһиӦϢ
Ҳû룬Ҷ峯Ϣɢķ򼲲ȥܿ죬ڽֵ䷢
ס飬Ҷ߹ȥȻıЦСӣ
ҶתһǸĸߴ׳Ѫʢ֮ȻǸ徳ظ֡
ֻҪҿ㲻׳Ҷ壬Ц
Ҷûкˣ׳ߵǰԶʱȻ˵ãҰ㣡
δ䣬Ѿ׳ͷ
׳ĿȻֱܷ٣̧ͷģʱϲ
׳ȥץɲǣҶȻȫѪʸ׳
һ˲䣬ʩչˡȼѪӰٲٶ˼£徳Ҳδ֮ȡ
ʯ֮䣬Ҷ׳ǰѾ֣ôȫʮ֮Ѫ
ʮ֮ıѾǧıҲҪ֪徳ߵҲֻѣҴ徳߶ﲻＫޡ
϶ʱӵĹ֮ޱȾˡ
ʮڰ˽Ѫһ
ˢٶ׳Ĳи̶ƿ
ûһٶȣһ׳Ĳѱնϡ
Ҷס˵ϣҲ֮ʧ
ʱ׳˿ڲŽѪҺͷ­һת׹ڵء׳壬ȻվǶһֱҲûе¡
Ҷ׳ɱ׳ǵʯ£˭ţҶô̵ʱɱ徳ߣ
Ҷ忪ɵ֣һֻһѣȫܲסˣƱѡ
ðԵҶһæֹͣ
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ת˲֮䣬׳ʬʧȫˣҶʧѪһ롣
Ҷ屾ȥˣȻϢ̫ǿˣϵĻ˵ᱻ˷֡
ɵܰҶֿɵ֣֮
һΣûп֮ľȻֻ֮ǹסûɡ
ԳɹҶһ֮ڡ˳Ծǣ֮ȻûҶơ
ȻԣҶϲٶƷͷų֮С
ţҶ޵Ҳ֮סڡһ˸ҵ
һкҶ뿪Ѱˡ
ܿ죬Ҷһѩҵˡ
磬ҵûУʵ
Ҷ˵ç˴ӲԶ߳Ǿɥı飬ƺҲûҵ
ȻһҶǰڵдߣǲɱģ
ƨҲǸողߵŭд
ߣ֮⣬˭ɱ˺̣
Цٴ𣬽ţֻ¡һ죬һ˱ɳӣߣ
أɫ졣
ʱ߳һȺŵӣΪ֮˾ȻǺȻǱ˵ġ
ղɱˡѵŵӣҶһ
ٺ٣̿Ǻܵܣ߻·ͳçֻЦ
ɱҲãʡǶֻ֣ҪߵͷȻҶͿˬһЦ
ҶͿˬҲЦˡ
ʱֻ𲽲ƽߣЦߣԼɱԶ֣
ߣʲôҲɱЦ
ߣߣѾ׼֣һɫӰȻڵѩϡ
ͻȻֵ˾Ȼʯ
ʯոճ֣һЦʹʯҲҲ϶Щŵˡ
ವһһӰһγȦĽ£š
˵ŮӣȻǲ
Ļ˵ɫһ䣬ǿԶ췢ģûõ
˭ˣվ
ʯɨڳˣЦᱻԾˣһ֮ء
ûվΪ˭ҲûеõҶȻҲվģʯԲܷϵ
ʯǶ㣬ҿɡЦ̤Ʈŵǡ
ûæڽ͡
ûãϾͻ֪ˣģﲻɱǵġЦһӣʮȼյٷɳƳƯںͷ
ת䣬ڻ¯УȫȺֱð
ûС΢䣬ֲٿɵ˺ˮŵӵͷȻûС
ţƮҶͷȻûУգɵŵӵͷûС
ʯɫɫҲǳÿ
ȥʲôطˣҶ⣬жɻ
ʯ˼ûˣֻܿˡȻʯһ̾Ҽ
ߣȫ·ˣʯһ
ûдˤȥû뵽ʯְ취
Ҷ嵹νҲûֻǰ·ѵѣҲʲôܴ裬˵ȻҲν
ȻһЦӲһȺˣôܵҼ·
壡΢䣬תˡ


54 
ҶҲ˲ˣˣһźɫۣĿ࣬Żɫĺӣǳʮӡһ˴ɫۣӺܸߣݣǳĮҲʮꡣ
ɢѪûʯʢȴڳ˲εѹ
Ҷɫ΢䣬˵УһܱΪ塱Բֻ徳
壬ǿӡ𣿡ſ֮ˡ
ٺ٣СѾͷ˵ˣҺϼһһӡġݸߵ˺ȻЦ
ߣңҪ⣬ҲᶪˡǽĿ֮ߡ
㵱ʱҲͬȰӡƽ֣˭Ӯ˭ġЦЦ
ɫ䣬ӹ֮ԻԭǰΪ˽֣Ȼһұʵڿֲǵ׾жǿ
壬ûˣǾͲҪٳˡЦ
ߣһתͷڳˣĿĵУࡣ
˶ʱͷѹǧʯϢ
ߵʵ𣿡Ҷɫһ䡣
Ϸһᣬɨˡ
ͺ˺ǲ뽻Ǹû
֣ǽҰɡҺȻЦֻҪھӹڣҾҵ
ûбѩ϶ҵǰһ
ѩҶɻ
ȻתͷҶ壬ص˵۷ʲô飬ǧҪֵӦòɱǣֻѣǲܱ
׻ᷢʲô£Ҷ岻⡣
δüشҶĻΧƾճһԲι򣬰˵ϡ
ҶĿȥԲι͸ģȫѩ
׼ȷ˵򱾾ɱѩɵģ
Ȼѩһʮɡʮɡʮɡʮɡ
ת˲֮䣬ҶͿˬ˾ͱ˱ѩУ˷ȫѩ
ʱӸ߿տȥĻ϶ῴ𾪵һĻһŵ棬ͣɢ˷ݡľȵȫᡣ
Ҷ˲Զԭڼսʯ׽Ԫˣѩϯɫһ䣬ͬ𾪵ѩ
Ƕѡ˴ԭز˭Ҳûгֵֵ
ѩסǣȴûаǶᣬǼӵԶĵط
ܿ죬ӹѩӸ߿տȥֻܿһ޴ޱȵĹޱ׳ۣ
ѩڣҶѾ˸ˣûΣաתĿ⣬˷ѩ׾ӹΪʲôᱻˡ
ûУҵɫȻˡ
ɫ䣬ҴôĽҾԲ˵ƭ
壬û𣿡Ͼš
ܣԻڸʯҲŵĿҡ
ߣϷ˵ûоûУǲŵĻԼȥңЦüЩŭ
ޣѵи˳üͷ
˰Ҳ˵
ͷһס˵ıѩѩƮڵء
ҶϵıѩҲ֮˵档
ޣȥҿ˵ҵˣ˵ţȻƿշߡ
Ҳƿշߣת˲֮䣬Ѿʧߡ
ʯȻûˣ˼ҲûбҪˡЦƿշߡ
ĿͲȥʯԶߣЦղƺģ˵ûɣ
ɫ䣬ղȷʵҶ˲ŻһѰ
һܶѣҲ
ʯȻЦһ˲վǰû˿Ӱ
ͫһæˣǳˣʯѾסĺܡ
һߵĺܾͱ飬ţʯһӣεضƿշߡ
ʯոշߣ߾͵˵ϣϵһѩС
һӵʬԣĶ̵ߵͷ
Ѿɻˣһ

ͷʱʯ֮ء
ӵбѩܣһƺֻң׽ԪŨüһ
ȻѾˣ˵ѾУٺ٣ǻʲôٰЦЦһ磬ƿշߡ
֣ԸȥͣʯĳԸ֮ꡣʯЦſ׽Ԫ
лʯֺ⣬һȥݷʯֵģ׽ԪһЦҲһƿշߡ
ʯ֣ˡͷëתԾʧߡ
Щ˸ߣʯʯߣ˵磬ʧˣ
ʧˣʯ콣üһ
ʯѸղŷ¸ʯ졣
Īʲô˲ɣʯüͷ
磬ʵ̫ϧˣҪǵõֹͻƣҲͻơʯǳʡ
ʯҲ¶ϧ֮ɫ
ٺ٣磬֮һܵõӦ߳ɰͻưɣʯʵ
ʯŵĵ˵ͷ漴̾ˣҪҵа̵ˣ
СֻħƵץסЩѡʯüͷ
жѣֻҪڵΧǾͱץס
ʯĿһƿշߣʯ

ʱҶҲ뿪˾ӹ
ӹУҶ忴ſˬʵ磬ѩʲô
ߣ㻹֮ˣȻʲô֪ĽܱӵĿҶ塣
ӣѵ֪ʲôҶҲЦеĿĽ
ﵱȻ֪ÿ˶УǲÿܾѣĽ졣
ÿ˶УҶɫһ䡣
ÿеĶѡȴǳѡ˵һԣӵеֵԶҲܾģûǸеֵ˿Ծ
ҶоǺȻһˮ
ܣһѣ˿ȵˬ˵ղҲˣǸҵȻûе֣бѩʹ֣Ҳδսʤ
һǱеӵбѩеӵ
˵ȻпҪҲڵѾͺˣĻЩӵеֵ˽Ҳ¡
ȻԿ֡Ҷˬ˵ĻаԾ
Ҷ˳˼ĽȻЦСӣͱˣ㲻ܾġôŵӣҲûǸ˾Ҳ⡣
ҶĽһۣĽ
ߣղʲô񣿡ĽҶ塣
ҶεЦˣӵĻʵ̫ˣԸǸϿصľãѷӡ


55 뾲ļ
Ҷ˻صľá
ҶȰѡѪ˿أŻʯϢ
һҹܿ͹ڶ죬пʼ׽ϴ蹦
뿪ľõʮ죬ûţʹͱ˽ֵʱҲáţʮʽʮʱ䣬ѾǧϵƤĤѾ꣬ʱ徳ء
ȭХҶ׷ɣҶѾʮȭȫѪ¯
ʱҶĹǽ죬糴
徳أ
ҶѾ徳أ˲䱩ǣﵽǧٽ
ﵽ徳غҶоȫĹ쳣Ӳָʹ͡
ߣȫӲǿΪݣǿܰȫĹ꣬Ʊػᷢ˼ɱ䡣
˭˵Ҳʮ֮ǰͻƵ徳أҶĿһҪֻ֪ҪҶ£춼ֹˡ
ٹ죬ʮʱ϶ҡ֪ܲɵھŽ
ҶһѳڵľѪ׼ƯµҶһ˳ȥ
һ̳Ѫҫ֮жɫâ֡
ҶͺƾշɳʮһɹĵطƮƬҶȫ롣
һȷʵѾȷʵѾﵽɲǼɲǽɱ˵ĵزȻֵʱ򣬵˿ɲҶ˱ضܣҲᷴ
ʮʮ޳һ޳ΣѲ⡣
ҶɵھŽûͣ£Ѫʮ
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УҶɫ΢䣬̳һʱʹ
Ҷľֵĵطȥ
ܿ죬Ҷֵĵط֣ľУȻ˵Ѿô֣֪ǸΪʲô𣿡
ҿ΢٣Ҷ˵ֻ˵һ
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ֻǣҲװΪʲôҪҿԼҶü
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ҶҡҡͷȻӿˬ˿֪ȴ֪ôѡ
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ֻҪֿܰʯƬϣѧ뾲𣿡Ҷʵ
뾲ŻվţȻʣͣƣһ˵ֻп̵ֻſֵʱʹﵽһĵزˡ
뾲ʲô𣿡Ҷʡ
ܴ󡣡˵һҪȴﵽ뾲
һﵽ뾲𣿡ҶЩ
Ҳδء˵ÿߵ츳ͬǱҲͬԣҲǿԽԽԾѣеߣʹﵽ˳뾲Ҳ޷
Ҷû˵ϸš
֮ܿܿÿ˶еǿ뾲ͿԾѣеҪﵽм뾲
΢٣˽˵뾲ѣܾ˺١֮Խ뾲ϣֻܾоܿЩӵеֵˡ
ҶпЦѾеˣܾѧϰ뾲ûá
ˣѧϰ뾲ɲΪ߾˵ȲҪΪʲôֻҪѧϰ뾲ˣ
Ҷʵ뾲ôأ
һ뾲ľˣڻһӡ˵ǺɫǿӵɫҲ֮ı䡣
ԲϱǿҶɫ΢䡣
ǿģȻԲϱǿЦϸ˵ԷΪء
Ҷ档
ովѵʱ򣬵ڵΪɫʱΪһء˽͵һֱΪʱֻܰ¶ͺƤһ
˵ԷҶǰһ
ûȷʵγɷЦ˷֮⣬ҲԽ磬һӵбѩߣ԰ӳϹˣһ˱أضᱻˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ǹҵ˿϶ֹһء
ڶأֱΪ塣˼͵һشﵽԲҲԸȫʱ򣬾ͿԳ԰ϣֻϣ֮ٿˡ
Ҷ尵Ծȷʵȵ
ﵽڶصʱ򣬵ڵӻͭɫ˵ڶشԲʱӻɰɫʱ߾أţ
ţҶɫ䣬ѵǸҾѾﵽأţ
ţΧγһӵбѩĻͻγһǱѩ򡣡˵ѩԹˣҲγɷӵȻҲˡ
ԣҶѾԿ϶Ǹҿ϶Ѿﵽأš
ڵغ͵ʲôٺ٣׵ģҾͲ˵ˡЦЦûм˵ȥ
Ҷź
СӣͰɣԽ뾲ԽкôԺͻƵҲҪ뾲Ц
ҶоһЦҶض뾲
ٺ٣־뾲ֻǿʼѣ滹м뾲͸߼뾲Ҳ𣿡Ц
Ҷûлش𣬶Цʵôм뾲
ڳ뾲ĻϣŻӶţɣԸޣᣬأůȸоǽм뾲ĸо
΢٣˽˵м뾲ĻϣڱǺ΢ޡָᣬƮԾ飬ڣ֮Ѭԡã˼άݡǽ߼뾲о
˺һأҶ̲סʵ
˵ã̾
Ҷɫ΢䡣



56 ˵
˵̸Ҷ岢ûмȥ֣Īӡ
ЩѾϰ˺ͰūţûмūҶȴ԰ūĪĸ顣
ָǶ԰ūҲǶ԰ū㽡ҶԼҲû뵽һδıŮ˲ָ顣
ūأūʱҶ岻Ц
ߵĪӱߣҶ忴һֻֽƯֽ̳ȡֽ
ֽдţɵūи㣬Щ޷ܵ£ū˵Ļȥ˵ūô죿
㡭Ҷ˺ܾãֽд£ȻԭɣֻҵЩµԭɣֻܰߣЩ£㣬ɴӶ
дҶֽֽֽĪӡ
ĿֽƮߣҶߵʯƬԱ£ȡ˿̵
ҶԼװһ̣о˷дʯݣ桭һֻ̣п̵ֻſ֡
µϰѾѧ˿һ
̵ڱʯƬϻһһ
ڣҶʯƬϿˡҶ塱֣һ̣ȻоԼǳʣͣʧˡ
ȻоûţһγɡûãһɫСӵĶĵУŶӣ
ӲȶڲתҶڵѪȹš
̷ǳҪһʧˣԺͺٴξ
Ҷ塭ȻҲԾ

ҶʱһʻɽУһʻӵĸ¥ţ㡣
¥ԱߵĻԼ䣬ָĺ裬ɴƯڻϿգƻá¥һڻУһˮ١
һУڻɾĸо
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ȻˮƮһֻֽŮӴӺֽֽ̳ȡֽϸϸ
ӶɵΣҽ㡣Ů̾Ϣ

Ҷ岢֪һУ˿ڵѾֹͣѪȹ
Ҷ˫ۣϾǾ֮ɫ˵ӵеֵ޷̧˫֣ͷһƤ¸ֳɫ˫ơ
ɫ˵ȻҶС
Ҷ循ɵ˵ӵеֵ˲ܾ𣿡
ϷҲ֪ΪʲôҴûɫѵǳȻϵɻ
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˵ţ˶Ҷ˵ȥһǰǿŴ
Ҷ˵ͷߵԱߣһȭһȭûʹ似
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⵽ʲôҶȻʵ
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˵󡰻ĸ֣˵ǳ
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ıԳ˻Żӵл
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ҶĿһ̧˫֣һûס˫ֱ֡ۡ硭գѾӵҶϣȫɫĻ
ʱҶŸоڵֹͣת޷ͷų
Ѿ𣿡ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
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˳Ƭ̣˵ʵ֮ǣͨ˸ղˡ
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ҶȻ
֮ǿĵطЩ֮أûǿȥҷֵֹĵطɡЩطĻ֮ǿֻתӣӻԶջ֮˵
ԭ㻹Щʶģ
ҶЦˣָ㣬ܾ׸
ߣӱ֪Ц
ˣԺҪ𣿡ҶȻʵ
Ǹ˵ѧ֮󣬾͸һʯ񡣡Ц
ûȥһˣ
Ҷ̧˫֣ͷų˻ס˫ơ
徳߲Ļ֪ܴܲӮǣҶ忴ƣ
徳ߵܴ󣬿ҶģһʹûԷֲ˱ˡ
ȻľԺ⴫һҶ壬˽ʲô𣿡
ҶĿһѻ߳ľԺһ߳ľԺҶͿһ̬ꡣ
ߣЦʦֺλʦֵܶ䳡أ
ҶЦˣ
ȻһЦȻ
ô˵㲻ľõˣҶЦʵ
ľã¶м֮ɫ
Ȼ㲻ľõˣ˭ĵСУҶЦ
Сȡ
ƾҲҶЦͻȻľһն꣬徳صߣȴܵĻҲûУľѾնǰ
Σͷ꼱æֵһľڵϣ𻨷ɽƺһɳȥ³һѪ
һ׹أֵ̧ͷҶ壬徳أ
Ҷȡ
ҧǱߡ
ľԺſڣˬͳֹʱѾ֣һĻǶЦˡ


57 µ漣
ܣھȥ䳡ˬߵҶߣЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǰ䳡
䳡˿Ѿˡ
Сӻ᲻᲻ˣߵֺ˵
ɨһֺСˣҲͲнЩ鷳ˣ
ֺɫһ䣬ٶ˵ʲô
ҿķǣЦ
ǸԲڶ̶徳أʦַĺˡ˵
ûڵĴ콾Ҳ޷ڶ̶ƼЦҶʲôĪǻܺĴ콾Ტ۲ɣ
ЦˣҲΪҶͻƵ徳ء
ҶˣȺкȻ˿ڡ
Ŀ䳡ڴҶ塢ˬ䳡
ߣˣ˼Ц
һΪСӲˡ
Ļû˵꣬ɫͺȻˣôܣ
ƵɻĿ˿ֶҶ忴ȥ
ôôܣƵҲ֮ɫ
⡭ôܣҶȻͻƵ徳ˣ𾪡
µ漣ȻıҶʵˣ
ڣ
ڣ𾪴ӻع룺С϶ǷʲôƾƷҩԲô̵ʱͻƣߣͻƷʽ죬ȴȣֻҪһ˳ȥսΪض䣡
뵽̧ͷҶ壬ЦҶ壬ñҩΪվԼΪ㲻ҪΪڣԼԺǰ;ˣ
ûС϶ǳʲôҩ˵Ҷ峤Ǹǿߣ˵бҩСӣСͻƾ磡Ⱥ˼Ц
ߣñҩΪиƨã
ûĸȣ߾ʱ򣬱ض⵽ɣ
ʼǷͻƾҲҪֽݾ

ˬͳЩͬʱЦ
¶ЦݣҶ壬һ;һһã˼»ֹ
Ҷ徿ΪδԤģҶһ߳ҶͻֵΣ
ЦƾҲֱ
Ҷĳ֮ǰ޳ҶĳԸԲãҶĳǰ޳ԲãֻҪһ˫ۣɸҶĳһģ
ҶƱ˵ĴĿĶ
Сӷˣ
𾪡
СȻôĻĳͳȫ㣡ЦѾ徳أѾʼ裬ʱ徳أʼѪһѪɹ޳Ҷ壿
ʱҶɨӸղżȺЦǼȻ˵Ҷĳ˵ΪȫǿҩģɸҳҶĳһսҶĳˣҶĳϹڣˣҲϹȥ
˾ɫ䡣
˭˲ˣҿˬɱ֮ˬȻ俪ڡ
һֵǷӣ
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һ
ʱһŮӴȺ˳Ҷ塢ˬͳɫԱ䣬ͻȻˣȻĽ
Сӣ֪ΪȫǿԼŬģҲڸ㶯֣ʵƣҾܴܲӮ㣡ĽЦϴ㣬ΣһҪӮ
ɫ䣬ĽȻҶһΣ
ӣ֮ıԣղŵĶעҶһЦѾ׼ӭս
СӣСģ
ĽһЦȻһҶ壬˶ֻܿһɫӰӹ
һõķƷ似˲ϲɣľõġٲȻҶѧġӰٲͷǳˡ
ĽҶľڵ棬漴ŲһȰܿĽ񡣻ûĽӦҶѾӵĽ
⻹ǰǸ𣿡
˰Ծֻɡٲ㣬ٶȡǲ֪Ҷǹûгȫģǿ϶𾪡
ߣĽһתٴҶ壬ȭڵֱҶͷ­
һõ˽Ʒ似ȭһȭڵУ͸ǿڱȭ
ӣ㻹𣿡
ҶβûܣһȭӭȥһȭײѪɽĽĺˣڵأҶվԭء
ĽӵԾȵ
δ䣬Ľʩչ˲ϲҶ壬ٴʹȭҶ塣
ҶӰζĽĹȫܿˣĽȭͷҶ½Ƕû
ĽԽԽ˷ܣȻ߳һȭΪצץҶĺָѪҫ֮
Ҷָ罣ĽģָѪҲҫ֮
ĽٶˣҶһģƶʱһ飬ֱֻ۶ʧȥ
Ҷûгʤ׷ЦеĿĽ񣬡ˣΪֹˡ
ĽֱţȻһˣ
ҶȻڣ似˴죡š
ȻһЦѵ
δӦһɫӰѾȺҶ塣
ɣҶָɽˣָɢѪ˲
䣡һȭҶָ֮ϣȦȦѪɫϯ˷
Ҷ屻˰벽Ҳ˸߿գ˼ڵϡ
ˬͳ˿ˣ˹Ȼɣ
ٺ٣СãҲԸСЦˣܾˣһһϼһԲŹС
ٺ٣ղҪ֣
ɹЦ鴤ĳꪣʹ˲ϲɱҶ壬籩̳Ѫɫâҫ۶Ŀ
ɣӣ
Ľݾ䣬ȥסɣȻˬס˵ģǶܵĶ֡
ſˬĽסתͷҶɡ
ֻҶ͵ĺ˼ɣܿɵĹһһѪɫӰٴɱҶ塣
ҶӰٴλζܿ˳ꪣɵĳȻ죬ȴȫκβҶ塣
ֻ𣿡ЩŭˣԽңꪲϻҶҪ
ҶӰһٴαܿɵĹͬʱһӵľ֮γ˵ϵľ
ҶӵϰγľɲǣǡɱҶ󣬳ֱҶĺԡ
һĻ˴󾪡
ʱҶ͵ĵŵأƾպƳ˰ףܿ˳ꪡţҶתһɣ
ߣߣһꪴľ
ľͳꪽƺһĺ˼еĳꪲס
һ
ҶʸɣֻоǰһɵұѾնϣϱ׹ڵأлųꪡ
ɲҽУŶϱĺˣʹ֮ɫ
ɫ䣬ҶȻնɵֱۣĽҲˣҲû뵽Ҷնɵֱۡ
Ҷ治ɫĿɣȻնұۣȻ׷Źɡ
ҵ֣ҵ֡Ѿ״Ρ
ٺ٣ҲЦøӿġ
ʱɺҶɨˣת˿ˬˡ˱Ҷһɨ׷׺˰벽ͷƤ顣
Ҷոתĺʹ
ܣСģˬȻĳǹ˳ȥಣǹҶ˹ȥֱɡ
Ҷٿתֻųꪣˬһǹһǡûеĳꪡ
㲻ȣˤڵϣҶˣЦҸײŹǵġ
û˵꣬Ѿ˹ȥһõĵӱӳ䳡
Ľҧź촽׷ȥ
Ҷ忴ȥıӰһĨɱ
ʱȻЦҶ壬ܴһ漣ܴڶһ֮ұⳡԼɣһΪ׼ùײĵģ
΢٣Цոͻƾ徳أ֪һΣֵǲҪһμӿ񣡡
ߣǵȻһȥߡ
һ˰ѿ͵ϵģ
˵ţЦһתȥ
Ƶƨƨߵĸȥ
һһϹӵģҶĿһ



58 
һãһ䷿ڡ
ڵĴһˣɣи˸վڣǰһõĵӣڵ쳣ѹ֡
ݴˣһõ׿
׿ѾһеҩĶϣҰѪڣΪˡ
׷ʲô£׿俪ڡ
һõĵӻ֣̿æѸղ䳡Ϸ¸׿
һõӵĻ׿ɫ÷ǳһȻϵҶһֻ֣
˵Ǹĵ¼Сأһһõĵ
׿ЦңҪȥСӵ鷳𣿡
ӲңǸһõĵӻ̿֡
Ҷϴ峤Ҷս֮ӡãܺãҶսͿɱˣСǵĺ˾ȻɱҶ׿ŭЦ³ǲһֱֶԸǸ¼ţʱˡزڣҾͲҺ³ֻԸ˿أ
һõĵȻҪԸأɫԱ䡣
أЩˣҲʱһˣ׿ЦʶΣҶ˽⣬ȻѾѴСͲټҶο뿴ҶʧǴֲóȥЩ¡
˵ţѾ߳˷䣬ȥսúõȥ
֮ǰһõĵ˵СҪȥμӿһлᣬϰɱˣ
ǣһõĵӹ

͵׿ȥʱһ̣̫׽̾Ȼʮ֣һҴɳķбڷ򼲳۶
бϵ˸ǿѪʢ֮ҫ˷
ڷǶϢԴˣǶ϶ڣ
˵ˣǶʵǿǱСģ
ٺ٣ѡǵͻƵĹؼʱڣץסʱĻܲˣ
СΪϾҲƲⲻʵ
֮ƲⲻΪµϢ̫٣ⲢʵȽǿ
ǳôˣܲˣǡ
ʲô
ǡľǸߺܶࡣ
ٺ٣ʹıǸߣҲ߲ʲôطǼѾ㹻Ӧˡ
˵䣬бѾһɫ磬ʧߡ

ͬʱһҰϣҰȻڵ쳹졣
ȥƽϣ飬ǧӰ񱼹ɸߵɳ㣬ա
ڣǧӰ¶Ŀ񱼶ľȻȫǣЩ˶ÿƥ塢׳ɫëɢڹ⡣
ΪһƥǵıϣȻһ꣬괩Ƥ£¶źֱۣ͡
һͷڷ絶Ŀޱȣ˿顣
Ѿ׷ʮ׷Ź㣬һ֮أõ㣬ҿ϶ٽһ
ܿ죬ȺʹҰԭʼ֣ϡ
Ⱥֵʱ򣬲֪ʲôʱ򣬻ҰϿվȻһѪӡѪӽüĿţʮңϸ۾ֻʮֲɣĸо
ˣϴ㻵ҵĴ£Ѿץסˣ׷ʮ򡭡Ѫٺ٣ˣ㲻ǰ˴֮һνݵĶ֡
䣬Գơνݡ֮һƾʧ

һУҶ岢֪˿ѾͿˬ뿪ľãִпȥˡ
һΣǵռʮŻ޵Щ޵Ϊõ徳۷塣
޳ƵĵطڻҰߣҲڴҶʮ֮⣬ԣҶͿˬȥҶʮɱޣ֮ǿ˳شҶһˡ
Ҷ˵УΪߵǿˬѾ徳صߣ񲢲ѡ
֮˴ҶʮС
Ҫɱʮֻ徳ޣ磬ҪЦ
һᾡģҶЦŵ˵ͷ
ȻˬĿһǰжǹȥ
δ䣬ˬѾȳ֣Ҷ˽
ܿ죬Ҷ˾зһֻĿԳȫëѪʢȻ徳ޡ
ҶˣĿԳĿһתһݣ˴Ȼߣ
ߣˬߣȫѪǣһѪɫ˶ĿԳ
ĿԳδüߣˬѾɱһǹĺԣѪҺɽĻǡˬγǹĿԳһ׹ڵء
£Ѿȴʱһأͳ嵶ʼ޵塣
ܿ죬޵Ƥ⡭ȫֿװƤС
ջ񲻴ոҰ徳ޡҶЦˡ
ûˬҲЦˣΪ徳ߺĴ
ȻһЦ֣Ǻǣˬû취ɿˣ
ҶͿˬ˷׷ɫ䣬ɨܡ
ಣಣಣ
ɫӰʯһ׹ڵأһȦȦѪɫϯ˷
ͻȻֵˣĿ࣬ӣͭ꣬ǳҲǱδ󺺣ûǸ
ĽˬǸ󺺣ɫء
˭ҶĿų
мǸһõˣĽǰѾ徳۷壬սõ깫ұõӵ£Ҳ徳۷塣ɫҲǳء
Ϊɵ£ģҶĿһ
ˬû뵽ȻͻˣľǶԵģ츳ò˶ãֻһ̫ʷ֣Ľڣޱȡ
ɱǣǿ»ʸ񣡡ˬЦ
㻹õļֵڻɱʱ򡭡깫Цˡ
Ķӱץˣ־ܣӵҲЦˡ
ҪԸҵ
ˬɫ䡣
ɱˣͻƵû𣬿ڿΪѾ䣬ȻŹĽЦ
ƾ׿ҲԸҵЦˬЦ
ҶҲЦһ峤ΪѾ䣬Ը׿Ҳ練ơ
һζԸص˿ɲֹһõӵһЦ
ˬҶͳͬʱɫ䡣
Ҫǆˣ䣬֣깫ͻȻ֣Ҷ塣
깫ֵɲǣˬųȣشҶ֪ͨҵҵסǣ
ҧͷתС
ͬʱˬЦųɱĽӵǰ籩㹥˳ȥѪɫǹ
Ľӱսһ˳ȥһͷѪޱȣϡ
䣡޸˿ˬĳǹϣѪˬƺһ˼ǹ˲
ûȿˬסڷڵѪӵѾսն˿ˬؿڣ
ˬɫ䣬ʩչٲһ˺ʮնյıܿս
ˬŸոͻƣǵĶ֣
Ľ֪ʱȻ˿ˬĮ˿ˬС
ˬٿذεضӵ˰С
ಣಣ
ĽӵҲѿˬΧм䣬֡
ˬ޾ɫǹȥסĽĹһǹӵ¡
Ӱ磬ڸ߿յķ簿Ĳӥ
ת˲֮䣬ѾʮУˬѾѡԭǹӵ˼£ſֵסĽ˵Ĺ
ʵˬҲףֵ֮ܵôʱ䣬ΪĽ׽ҪЮĸף
ڿˬǰδеΣʱҶ깫ԽսԽԶѾʧ
ҶĿͻȻһ¶깫һƣĺ˼תȥ
Ƿܲڴ
깫׷ȥת˲֮䣬ҶѾʮɡ


59 ˬ
С㻹ܣ
깫ץҶĺ󾱣סҶ塣
Ҷһŵʮ֮⡣
ٺ٣Ӧͦ죬ģѾԭǸ겻徳ڶصķ깫ЦץҶ塣
Ҷ̧ͷ깫¶ЦȻһ깫ţľѪҫ֮
깫ɫһ䣬ͻȻܿľĹ
ҶȻŵʸ깫Ѫһ
ÿĽ깫һݣȫѪǣȻ𣬷ɵ˰УʹҶһ̿ն
Ҷ̧ͷ깫Ŀһ徳߿ԷУʵ̫Կˡ
СȻǰһˡϧϾֻ徳ضѣ
깫Ц˱սӥʳҶ壬սƴն£
ҶʹˡȼѪһ˺ʮɡ
һ쳹֣깫һն˵ϣ˺ѣɽ
СӸղõ似Ʒ϶ܸߣٺ٣Ҫܵõ
깫̧ͷҶ壬ֻҶѾڵأֹɫǲ԰ޱȡ
Ҷɫ깫˲ףҶʩչ似϶һּѪ似
Сؽүүһһ깫ЦƽҶ塣
ƾҲ䣿Ҷ̧ۿ깫Цһ
ٺ٣û뵽㻹мֹ깫ЦҶ塣
ߵҶǰԶʱҶȻнһ߳Ĵ󽣺Ȼ֡
ôʮ֮ѪȻıǧ
ˢնɱ깫Բʮɣȫ֮ͷųѪ֡
깫Ȼʧɫˣͬʱսǰ
һնսƲһն깫ұ֮ϣұϣѪҺɽ
깫ĲҽУĺˣϱ۴Ѫҫ۶Ŀ
ϧҶ屾ʤ׷벽һȻϥ˵ϣͬʱеĴҲ֮ʧ
Ҳû룬Ͽɵ֣ͷų֮֮޵
Ҷʱ깫֪ʱȻѾ˺·ס˶ϱۡ
̧ͷҶ壬깫ͫһŵ˵ղõǡ֡
ΪǵֵĻǾǰɡҶ̧ͷ깫һЦ
ԣ㲻ӵе֣еֵĻ㸸ҶսҲûУ깫⡣
ҸûУҲС
δ䣬ҶȻʸ깫һɱ
깫ɫһ䣬æܣٶ죬ǻǳˣűľһӣѪҺɽ
Ҷʤ׷ɱ깫ǰľٴδֱ̳깫ĺ
깫ܣֱѾնϣѪʧ̫࣬һѪʧٶȽء
ԣۿҶľ깫ֻˡѪȻѾʧ˺ܶ࣬ҲԶԶҶǿһˣһ˵ʮ֮⡣
ȻҶٴʹˡȼѪѪǣ¯ҫ֮
ҶʩչӰٲȰ깫ǰٴγѪһ
һľѪҶ깫˶
Ѫɢȥ깫ƺһĺˣҶҲʮеľַɳбб˲Զԭղ깫Ķ̵һҶеľ
깫徳ߣȻѾˣҲңԶԶҶܿġ
Ҷľ깫ЦҶ壬һҶĲ
ҶʩչӰٲ˼ɣнһ߳Ȼ֡
ͨںڵ߳깫Ȼʧɫæˣûֱôϵġ
Ҷ깫ߣһ׷ȥһ깫ͷ­
һҶֻôʮ֮һѪһǧ
깫ؼʱö̵ס˴һ£Ǵʵ̫ˣ̵˲ͱնϡ
󽣼ն£깫֮ϣ깫ͷ­ֱӱ룬
ɱ깫Ҷͷһ󽣺ȻСʧġţҶ帩ȥְ깫ʬϣɵ֣֮ʱʬ塣
ûã깫ʬͱҶɣҶʧѪ߳ɡ
ѪҶתҪȥˬ

ܿ죬Ҷͻص˲ǰͿˬ˷ֿ֮ء
ƬֵлѪǿˬĽѾˡ
ѵѾץˣҶɫء
Ҷ御ԼƽˬץˣҲӦʱΣա
ÿܴ粼壬Χɱ塭Ҫľǰ¸߶塣
뵽Ҷ岻ͣŴҶڷ򼲱ȥ
ûбԶпսúõˣЩ˹ʮڴʲô
ڲɱǵʱ򡭡
ҶƹЩˣɾʱһȻЦٺ٣ˬѾĽУھֻǸˡ
ЩҡҶɫ΢䡣
ѾȥץɵСˣ϶ܲģһ˵
ٺ٣ûɵСӿ϶ܲˡһЦЦ
˵֮ץˬǷǰѿҰ󡣡һ󺺺Ȼ˵
ѵλڻҰɱ˿أһɫ΢䡣
Ӧòд˵ĽѾѿˬ·ȥľáһ˵صõϢ󣬶Ұ󣬵ʱλ϶ܰɱˡ
ȻһĿ֡
ɫ䣺عȻˣ
æſķ򼲱ȥ
Ҷɫ΢䣬׷ȥĽŲǳӯԷ֪ں١
ȻЩŵͣҶҲͣ˴
λǰΧأˣΪ׵ɫ
磬ԸڸӦǺ¿߰ɣһЦˡ
رϾǿߣҲΪԷһΪ׵˵
ٺ٣شǰصķߵĻǾͿˡ˶˷
Ҫ⣬ˣҲô׶ԸģΪɫѡ
磬ǻСĵģ˶þ
ͶˣξԲÿػ뿪Ұ󡣡ΪЦŵ˵ͷ
ȻһĮǶУܻ뿪Ұˣǡ
ʮŵӵɫͬʱһ䣬תǸոתһӰȻһŵδüܣͱľ˺ѪҺɽ
ͻȻֵҶ壡


60 ү
ҶɱһŵӺγľɱһ徳ŵӣ
徳ŵɫ䣬æˣɻǳˣҶľѾĺ
ŵǷ׷׾֣ݵľֺŵǷ׷׼Ҷ塣
Щ˵УǿҲ徳شԲѣҶۿŵǹҶһɨʹ˶ʮڶ˻һ
ʱѪɫŵǡ

ʮŵȫˡ
ȻҶʸǸΪߵ꣬һľɢҫ۵Ѫ
꺧Ȼˣͬʱսľ
һսҶһɣţҶһǰһĺ
γľҶٿתһɱһ꣬ĺҶ˲ɱһˡʣŵǾ״Ѿսתܡ
Ҷû׷ɱЩˣŽ
Ƭֵѣ类չһ㡣
Ҷɫһ䣬Ȼ⵽ΧѾ
ȻҶ忴ԶľУɢҫ۵Ѫ⡣
ɫ΢䣬Ҷ˹ȥӽ˲ͱնϡ
ĶʱҶɫ䣬ĶȻһֻϱۡȻҶ岻ϣǵӶϱϵĲֻϱӦǿصģ
ˡҶĿñ䣬¶˾˵ɱ
Ҷ忪ɵ֣֮ס˿صĶϱۣͷһ֮Ͷϱͬʱûġ
ոصĶϱۣʹЦ𣬿ô죿ھɱ𣿡
ԣҶ͵̧ͷ
Ҵ磬ҿ԰ҵǣһ
ٺ٣ûпˬֵǮοǷ˿ˬպô죿
˵ûǱɱ㣬ھȻˬ飬ǿЦ
ƣְɣҹζࡣ
ҶЦһ
ܿ죬Ҷп˶ʮŵӣսááһõ˶С
Щ룬ڵϣ˱޽廨󣬸޷ڵϵˣǿˬͳǾȻץסˡ
ʮ徳أʮ徳أû徳ء
ҶֻҪû徳ߣʮɰտԾȳˬͳ
ҶתȼѪȫѪȼɫ̫ҫۡʱҶѾﵽ򾡣ǳֲ
ಣҶŵسͷƵˣٶȼ죬
Ҷɱ˷Ƶһɨ徳ߵͷ­˲䱻ն䡣
ƺ˺Ȼʧɫ
ûǴзӦҶľһն徳صͷ­˲Ϣ֮ͱն䡣ʯ֮䣬ҶȻնɱˣɱ÷Ƶľս
Ҷ岢ûͣȰȺУľӣɨ˷˷Ѫɫ
ŵǷ׷׼ֵȫľˣǺҶʵ̫ˡ
һĻͷƾ֣Ҳû룬תܡ
ҶͷߣһӰͷƣһն˵ĺ󾱡
һͷ­ͷһأ
ʣŵǾ״׷׶ӣͷƶҶһ֮У
ҶѾɱۣûдŹЩˡವһҶ׷ȥľ֮䣬˱նɱɱˣҶû֣ͣɱߵˡ
ת˲֮䣬˶Ҷնɱеʬ壬ѪζŨҡ
ҶֹͣתȼѪʢѪͬʱѾɵ֣ʼ
תӵ˳Ϳߣصϼ˿ڣѾ˻ԡȻҲˣȫˡ
磬㲻Ҫɣ
̧ۿҶ壬ǣȻóҶʹĳּ似
似иȱ㣬ǾǼѪеľǱʹԶҲ޷
ģҲµģҶЦЦľ˰סͿˬ޽
ɿͿˬҶɫܣϴشҶȥҶ壡
磬ҪȥĻһȥ
ѵͲܶ𣿡ҶȻȡ
ɫһ䣬ããһȥұ֤ŻصҶ
ģҲĻ˭ҲҪҵҶɫ
磬һصҶҾͻڵ㣡ҧҧſˬתʧ
ĿͳȥҶ忪ɵ֣ܿʮʬ壬Ѫ˻
ͬʱ֮Ҳ˲٣ǰֻ֮ǿסֱۣڣ֮Ṵ̃㣬԰
Ҷһ֮ƾ£ȥһȦȦ֮ΧתһȦֱ֮аҡ
ԭ֮ʮֹҶѾԿ϶ɵҲǿԳɳģǰǱ벻˵Ѫֻ߱ҩȵȡ

ͬһʱ̣Ұĳ̫׽̵ķбС
̫׽̵ĸǷ׷˴һĹĲɳȻ󣬴ͷųҫ۵Ĺâסббһ˲
Сֹ˵ϡ
ǶӦþڸǷͷң˶༸˵
༸˵˵ͷתҲ뿪ˡ
Щ˽ҰʱڶУʮȹɴ輧ڴ裬̬Ŀ
ԣʦڰ࣬еĸ٣еŪϡ˵ˣ˲˲ʵĸоξ
ڴϷһϣһбһ˵ϣ⻹ɫΪȡȻӲˣ˶ġ
ӽüбɣ絶ʣ˯ʣһɢĸо
ŴеһУӣǾʱɫȻһ䡣
үôˣǱȵ΢䡣
п˵ˣھڻҰ󡭡˸Ĵ˵ֱϡ
ˣ΢䣬оɻ
¼ѳԵĶ׼ãȥȥͻءЦЦ߳˴ûдЬȻǳСϸȥĽŸûнӴ棬ʼ硣
ǼλͷС΢¼


61 Ʒҩ
ү뿪ʱ򣬻ҰĳУӡ࣡ðѣȻ̺ζ֮ˬ
һɫιɫʮɣȫѪʢҲޡ
ðĵطͣ̽ţ˹˹죬ȻǱġ
ھʳʱ򣬻һһƬҶӣƬҶӾȻʮɳīɫڹҫҶһ֣ҩ˲ϯ˷
Ҷӣͫһ¶˾֮ɫ
ھתߵʱҶӳžȥƮƮƺ˿û
һ̣˾ֵ鷢ˣҶ˾ϣ˲ͶϳأȵѪҺˮʱ
Ҷӹס˾ʬ壬ͷųīɫĹâס˾ʬ塣âʧ˲䣬ʬҲ֮ʧ
ܿ죬Ҷָֻƽ
ûã޵һĻٴݡ
ʱѾֻޱҶӻɱ̳ԡ
Ȼһ˴ԶзϿͣȻҲŵҩ㡣
϶ڸ˳ȥ
ߵʱ򣬻һǰƬҶٴˣ
ͫһѪǣһ˺ɣٶ֮죬˷˼
ƬҶӺȻ䳤೤ҶӺնɱˣһն֮£𶯣Ұ󶼲
˴һϢǣͷųһžֱ첻ͣԶԶȥѾ޷ò˶Ѿ׹ǡ
ۿҶնɱ˻һ׹⣬˺ɣһٶȸǿ쵽˲˼ĵز
ƬҶնϣ¡һ춯صľ죬ཬǧߣ춼ˮ
ÿµľƷҩɫأ£ӵĻ˿Ѿ䡣
ȻӰߣͻȻֵĸˣÿϢǳֲ
ģ壬ߣ˲סҺһɱҩ
һĸߴ̫׽̳˵䣬Ѿɵǧɸ߿գйâէһɫ乭Ȼ֡ͬʱһҲɵ˸߿գͬһɫ乭
⼸˿֣׹ҫһֱ۰ִ
ֵ֣ĳһƬҶӡ
Ȼ֮ƬҶӣаɳڹҫҩ졣һ̣ʹԶ֮ҲܿƬҶӡ
ƬҶݿ࣬ʯ쾪̫׽̵ĳնɱȥ
ϴȣȭ׹˳ǳذСȭӡҶϡ
䣡䣡䣡
춯صײʹҰΪ֮ҡԶҹųҲ
һȦȦϯΧֲϵǧƥڶ
ԶԶȥֻ׹⴩ƬҶУϺҶײÿײἤҫ۵Ĺ⻪񷡣

ҰеĳطҶ屾Ѱҿص䣬ȴͻȻϯһúʮ˴ϣסΡ
̧ͷϯķֻǰľѾƬ£ľ
ԶֻԶԶ֮У׹ƬҶڲײȻңԶ羪װײǴĶС
֡Ҷɫһ䣬׹иӦ˵ֵϢ
ȻԶսϿգһ֧ʮɳļʸ£ǣҶϡ
ʸ綤Ӱ㣬ҶĶϣɸߵˮ׳ۡ
ǵ֡Ҷɫ΢䣬ѾµǼ˭ˣһֻ̫׽ӵֺ֣Ǽǿ߿϶̫׽̵ĳϡ
ʱԶϿ֧ƬҶҲϣʸɲǣغȻ𶯡
̫׽̵ΪƷ˾Ʒҩʱ򣬻һһƬҶӣһƬҶӾȻٶɳֲѹϯ˷˲³˼ɡ
ãϺȻ
ȻƬҶӺɨӵֵĳϣϾֻ֣ܱˣâ
ǳˣҶѾնɱǰǼͬʱ֣һȭҶӡ
飡飡飡
ϱҶӻɣǧ֮Уҳӣɸߵĳ
Ҷûͣ£һתն˸߿еˣһն֮ʵڿֲƺ԰Ѳ񷶼նѡ
Ҷ忴һĻͫһޱȡ
ʱϺȻ˷Ԫǵ乭£֧ʸҶӡ
ҶһУֻʸͱг룬ޡţҶӼնɱһϣһϸߣһƬҶӣնɱ
̫׽̳ɫ䣬ʮÿҶϣŵסҶӵնɱ
ȻоȻƬҶӣҲٶɳֲѹҶ֮ɢļ¡
ƬҶӣ̫׽̵ĳϾ֣˿ﻹסƷҩ߾Ͳˡ
Ҳû룬תܡ
ƬҶͻȻ䳤紥ְ׷ȥ֮īɫĹâգշ·ǳ
ͬʱƬҶӱ䳤һƬҶڷһƬŵڷ
Ҷɫ䣬ܿ侲Ҷӿ϶Ϊģ϶ĳǰֻ߸
ʱڷ춯صĺ֮
ֻɸߵɫʯȻεضڴϣסŵҶӡϸȥʯ֮ȻһӣӾȻү

Ҷӻʯʯķĩ
үϢǣƤȻɫͷҲɫҵֺȭҶӼˡ
һ죬Ҷӷ飬үҲƺһɳɲסΡϸȥָѾѪҺȾ죬Ѫҫ֮
үҶӻ˵ʱһƬҶѾҶǰɣ
Ҷͫһû뵽ƬҶΪġ
ۿҶ弴ҶӻɱҶһ⣬ٶʵ̫죬ת˲ʹҶɹҶ֮ϡ
ҶӺȻ飬īɫĩ
ҶͷǰҵĵطϾȻһѽɫɵâ䣬˲ֱӡղѽɫɵҶӣ
Ȼɫɵ⣬ʧ
ղ˭ңУƬҶΪʲôɱңҶ循ɲѡ
Ҷ循ɵʱԶУһӰƷҩῴľҲ֣Ͼľܰˡ
Ҷ֪ˣתͷүڵķ򣬲֪ʱүʯ߾Ȼĸˡ


62 췭ظ
ʯߵĸˣҲᳬʮ꣬Ȼ޷òжʵġ
Ҷ忴һˣ¶ǿҵɱһˣɱ֣ʯ
ʱʯɫصĿԶ˵걦ҩǿ̫׽ҲĶ֡
ģˡһ󺺿ʯ幵ơ
¡ʯҡҡɫҲĶְ֣ɡ
ǰͿʼչˣؼʱ̣ǾԲܴ
ûģְӡȴغ
˵ţʯ幵˻磬ת˲֮ͷɵԱߡ
ʯ幵˸ոԱߣƬɳҶӾͳնɱīɫҩؼ䡣
ҶնɱʯȭȭԪ۳ɫʮɵʯɱƬҶӡ
ƬҶսӿɫ䣬ʯͱҶ룬ʯ
ţƬҶնɱʯˣ֮ҩ磬Ụ̃Ϸӿ
ʯ幵˱ˣͬʱ˫ֽӡԪ۳ɫʯ˲䣬ÿǰɾʯ

ƬҶͬʱն˾ʯϣһʯն룬ܿ죬ڶ͵ʯҲն롣
ʯնʱʯ幵Ѿû˵ǧɿ⣬ٿЩҶӵƻʵ̫ˣľǲ
ȻԶһУˮڣˮߡ
һһѪɫ˳ѪʢƺƵϯ˷ԲڵľԻҽֲ֮
Ѫζ˲ͳһƬҶԣҧסҶӣ㽫븹С
ȻҶ͵һ˦Ѫ˦֮⣬֮Ѫ̿ձȾѪɫ
ʯ幵˷׷׾֣ǧǰھһѪǿޱߡ
ѪΪ˶ڵ׷ɱʧĪǰѪһ
ʱѪƬҶɱƬҶӸƣսѪȫƬҶӵΧУ·ȫ
ҶӵĽҩ糱ˮϯ˷ԲǧڶŨҩ㣬Ƣ
ЩԭĻҩ˲ͻָһпήĴҲˡ
ǿľƷҩѵβɣʯ幵ޱȣƷҩ̫ǿǿ־塣
ȻѪһƬҶնһֻצѪҺ裬ҫ۶Ŀ
ʯ幵ɫ䣬׹צֻצҩ
ʯ幵˳צʱ򣬲ԶзڳˣǾȻ̫׽̵ϣ
һֱڸȥڵȴʯ幵˺;Ʒҩܾˡû뵽ȴȵһֻצ˵ҩ
ȿצ̫׽̵ϣǸַӡצצȻץǡ
ΪǸϿָ֣׹צ
צ͵һץ׹ʱצУ˿˿˷
ʱʯѾצԱߣʱצʮܵİΧС
צǳǿѪǣץʯ幵ˣ
ԶҶ忴צʯ幵˲ɱ𾪣նϵצƣʵ˾㤡
һֻצǿ˹ѪǸǿǿѪȻҲǾƷҩĶ֣ʵ˷˼
Ҷ֮ʣڵתÿתҶ嶼оһεڡ
֮Ҷʱף϶Ϊʯ幵˵ļսʹûҰ˻֮
ʯ幵˵ļս֮ѾԶԶԽȻ֡
ľ˵ֻвջ֮׳ҶĻᡣ

Ҷջ֮ʱʯ幵˺̫׽̵Ѿɱذ
ͬʱһߣѪѾʮƬҶӰΧ⵽شȫ˿ڣѪҺ
ȻѪͺ̽צһƬҶӣɳҶӵİΧ
ѪѵʱԶƽϣҫһֻչɵĽɫֻȻֻţ
ɫѪһ˫գƱˡ
Ѫ˻Ť壬Ѫɫ磬һ±ܿ˽ɫצ
ɫٴѪѪ˻βһ˦˽ɫϣɫʱɳ˺üԶ
Ѫ˻ֵ˽ɫ񣬽ɫĴѪѪķɳȥ
ʱѪͽɫɱȻɸߣѪǰѵָճ˻ҽ
ܿ죬ѪͽɫɱǧɵĲ֮ϣɫ䣬ʧɫ
ӵϿȥֻƼŻɫӰڲײÿײἤǧѪնѪɫ
צʯ幵˿һĻ׷ɫ䣬ѪɱĽɫĪǾڣ
Զ޺ʵͨ죬˵Զ䣬ڳһ񣬹ҫǧ⻪֮жữҽǳֲ
ǰֻھ޷ԶȣҲǿޱȣԶͨȡ
ʯ幵𾪵ʱһȮ쳹أѪڡ
˷׷׾֣֮ѵʲô˲ɣ
Ȼ߳һӰӰԾԱߣǰ
ͻȻֶȻһֻ峤ɵȮޣëѪʢ֮һͻ¯
Ȯʯ幵˷׷𾪡
ȮͺһȻʮƬҶӣĿȻǾƷҩ
еʮƬҶӽƣĴǰ㣬̽ȮҶ֮īɫҩ㡣
Ȯٶȼ죬Ͻ˼£㻮׾ٵıܿҶӵΧɱ
˲䣬ȮͱҶӸҧһƬҶӣ븹С
ʯ幵𺳣Ȯ̳Ծ֮ϵǳԶһȻͬ졣
ȮҧϵڶƬҶӵ˲䣬һһƬҶӴȮֱȮĸ
Ȯͫһ͵һݣӰһѾԵ
ĿȥȮȻܿҶӵһɸǱҶӻƣѪҺϵУеˮ࣡
һһƬҶӴȮ·նɱȮ
ȮԾ䣬ܿҶӵϮɱ
ǾʱʮɳҶӣգǵصնɱȮ
ȮˣƾŲƣ˵ǧ֮⡣
Ҷֹͣ׷ɱ
ʮƬҶӼʱ򣬸߿УһɳĽȻնɱ£ƺҪӲ롣
ԭҪʮƬҶͻȻ͵˽
Ҷ罣˽ϣһ죬𶯣ƬҶҲ֮顣
ʣµʮƬҶӺȻ䳤նɱƲ
һ죬Ʋɢȥ¶һŮӡ


63 ħˮ
Ůụ̈ǸͦţüżӢŽȻղź;Ʒҩ֮˾ǴŮ
ȻʮƬҶٴնŮӣҶǴʮϵķնɱŮӵĻ˱޿ɱܡ
ŮһһߣնǰƬҶϡţŮٿתնһͬߣնʣ༸ƬҶϡ
һжڵʯ֮䣬ʮƬҶӾȻŮնˡ
ʮƬҶƮ£ŮĿһеļƬҶͬʱȮҲ˼ƬҶƷҩĲҶҲŹ
ȻҹųڷһӰʸҲмƬҶӣ
磡Զצʯɫһ䡣
ͻȻֵĿˣȻڵ
ʯô˵廪Ķ˭Ҳߣ
ŮЦһնʯ
廪Ľ˲ҡʯһȭ廪Ľϣϼ⡣
廪ֱһ˼ɣʯЦץסƬҶ
ͬʱȮҲһҧסƬҶֱ븹С
廪һһӣʣµĲҶȫߡ
ǰѲҶеʱȻɸߵཬཬоȻһɳľͷߣ
ͬʱཬеľƷҩҲǰƷҩߴ߰ɣǧƬϸҶӣһɫ䣬ˮɡ
һȦȦīɫҩϯַԲǧɣѹ纣Ϣ
ħˮɣʯɫ䡣
ħˮһֱҩƣֱҩǳϡ٣ܶû
ȻħˮϵҶƮһƬҶȻ䳤žͷ߱ȥͬʱƬҶӱ䳤ʯ廪Ȯ˳ȥ
Ҷնɱȥٶʵ̫죬̺Żص֮ǰħˮɵֻڵʮ֮һʮ֮һûС
ʯ廪ȻˣǳˣҶѾնɱǰ
Σͷʯ˫ֽӡԪ۳ɸߵɫʯǰ

ɫʯ˲Ϣ֮ͱն룬ţҶն˵ϣ¡һ죬汻նһǧ೤ӣס
ʯȻҲû룬תӣף֮ǰħˮɸûгȫΪħˮͷߣ޷
ͬʱ廪ҲýסҶӵĿֲһڵ㵹ɳɣѪ廪Ѫĳ嶯תһ磬ƿշߡ
һߣȮתߣϻǳһҶնβͣѪҺɽȮ˲ʹԾʧߣͷҲһء
廪˶ߵʱ򣬾ͷѾƬҶɱЩҶӣħˮɵֱۡ
ƬҶΧžͷ߽һ飬ѾͷŰΧʹͷ߸޷ߡ
ȻһɫӰǧɸ߿ռ׹ͻȻ׹µĶȻѪ
ѪѾˣ۾צϹһֻѪҺ棬ʱճʮӣ
ħˮɿѪ£ȻʮƬҶӣѪסס
ʯ幵˿һĻ׷ɫ䣬Ѿצն˺ܶ飬ÿ˶ֵһ飬˿Ѿͣս
廪˰ˣȮˣЩǶѾĿãڣֿħˮͬʱѪ;ͷߣи𾪡
ҶҲĿ˸ղŷ£Ҳǳ𾪣ƷҩĿֲ˿ᡣ
ħˮѪʱڴǧɸ߿ոĻħˮɣѪ
ħˮʮƬҶӣȻ䳤ʮڽΧɱڡ
ڵëӲޱȣ԰ûܣʮƬҶ֮ϡ
ҶӺڵĳײ貵Ĺ⻪Щ⻪Ĵ䣬Զɽϣһɽ̼ͻ촷ۣΪƽأ
һЩ⻪󸽽ĵϣ棬γһ׵ѷ졣
Ҷ𺳣һ걦ҩȻӵ˿ֲԻɽѹʮ
Զս
ھȻҲħˮɵҶסʮƬҶսһסڡ
ͬʱֻ˵ѪѾѪģȻѾħˮɻ
ħˮɵļƬҶӲѪѪУӵĿ˱Ѫ⾫˾֣
ۿֻ޾ҪΪħˮɵʳһХ쳹أΪ֮𶯡
¡¡
Զƽϳڡ
ת˲䣬һȺǾͳǰȺ̤֮ݲƬֱȵѪճɻҽ
ΪֻǵıһˣǱνݳΪˡ֮ˡ
ҵˣƲûȫָܲˡ
˵䣬˫ֽӡԪ۳һֻɳĽëʨռħˮɣ
ħˮһƬҶӣնɱ˽ëʨ
һ죬Ҷӱëʨײ÷飬ëʨɱħˮɡ
ħˮʮƬҶӣŤһ˽ëʨͷ­ëʨԪ
һĻҶͫһžǵӾȻѹסħˮɣʵڿֲ
ʯ幵Ҳ׷ɫ䣬ǿŶǣֿ˿Ⱥʧ˴ܣ
Ⱥѹסħˮɣ϶ǰ˴֮һɡһ̫׽̵ĳȻ
ղǸŮӦҲǰ˴֮һ˴УиŮ˾ͽ廪һ̫׽̳ɫ΢䡣
ʯ幵ϳݵʱ򣬶ٴνӡԪ۳һֻչɵӥչħˮɣ
ħˮʮƬҶӣҶӱ䳤Ťһӥ
ӥ᰿裬ܿҶӵĹ漴ӥ£ײħˮ֮ϣȻըħˮɶʱŨ֡
Ŷ˶ޣҴ˵ؽ似ӡӦþǡӡˡһڵү
ʱ뿪˾ǵıһת˲ͳħˮɰ֮⡣
Ϊ˶Ըˣħˮɲò˾ͷߺڣں;ͷһ̷߿ա
ڵٶȺܿ죬ת˲ǧɸߵƲС
ͷҲߣɾʱҰĳУһѪֱ񷡣
ĿȥͫһѪ⣿һѵһѳǧɵѪ
ˢѪббб˾ͷߣһʵ̫죬ֻоǰѪէͷѾѪ룬һ׹ڵأѪҺ
⡭ǵ֣Ҷ𾪣ʯ幵Ҳ׷ɫ䡣
Ѫնɱ˾ͷߣȻ̣֡ѪʧĵطһѪӴƯ˾Ȼǵڶˣνݣ
ˣħˮҵġνݿŶˣ΢Ц
ǿҷħˮɡ˿νݣĮ糣


64 ּɵ
ˣҪħˮɵĻͿ˭ֶθһЩɡ
νһЦѪէһѪȻС
νͷųѪʱ򣬶Ҳˣֻ˫ֽӡǡʨԳţӥԪ۳˾ֲͬޡ
˻쳹أͬʱħˮɡ
ħˮȫҶӣҶӱ䳤ǧ˿ڿնϼ磬ҩ졣
ȻǧƬҶͬʱžֻ˹ȥ񷶼ҶڱΣգذ
ֻ޴ǧƬҶУϹҶӡҶֱۣ磬;ֻ޲ɱڶ
ʱνݻӵնħˮɣѪɫݺ˷ؼ䣬Ϊ֮ս
һɳѪɫգƲɵնɱħˮɣ
⾪춯صһʵڿֲؼѹʹõ¡¡
Ȼ˸һȭնħˮɵĵԪӿݻƥǣǰͺ̵ĳ˵
䡭
Ԫľͬʱϯ˷
ˣղֻҪСģ
νһԾɱħˮɣҲҲħˮɡ
ħˮɻֻ޵ͷ­ҶӣҶΪνݺͶˣ籩ꡣ
˽ȭٿԪݻֻǣǺħˮɵҶӲײ𡣼ͬʱ˷ֳһȭνݡ
νݼѪնɱķħˮɵҶӲϱɣ޷ͬʱνҲڹˣûоȫԸħˮɡ
ܿ죬ħˮɾͱնʮƬҶӣϢԽԽȻܵش
νҲãǶҲգħˮϵ¶ɡˣħˮҲסֵַ
ԶҶ忴ⳡսޱȣνݺͶ˾Բͨܡ
ħˮɳһ̫׽̵ĳϰϧ
ħˮɸν˵Ķ֣νֳ£Ҷõħˮɣħˮͱץסˡ
ȻħˮһƬҶӣһǧ֮ĵϣҶ͵һħˮɶʱɵǧ֮⣬ɫ䣬ħˮɾȻߣ
һħˮ編ƣԶŲǧɡ
ߣνݺͶߣֹ֣ͣ׷ȥ
ֻνеѪȻ䳤ǧɳѪգ˲Ϣ֮͵ִħˮϿա
һֻ̣ҪνһħˮƱػᱻѪ롣
ۿħˮɾҪνնɱһҫĽħˮǰҰʱ֣۾ʹֱ⡣
һ죬νݵǧѪ֮ϡ
ģģǸһ⣬ǰƴСķɵ
νݵǧѪɵк͵һȻ̣νݵģ㣬ʧν˺ʮɫ԰ֽѪ
ͫһٳֶԸħˮɡ
ȻħˮΧħˮţɫȻСջ˽ɫ㣬ʧǰ
ʯ幵ɫ䣬оɣĸǿħˮɣ
һ㲻ô򣬾ȻҲд˵ǿߡо㤡
ǿνֲ֧סһ³һѪ
֪ԭνݱղǰѽ⻯ķɵˡĸǿߣȻشνݣ˾ɡ
ಣνסƣľתһƿշߡ
ħˮԵˡɫأתǱϣžȥȺܿʧ١
ĿͶ˵뿪һڵȻɫ䣺Ȯβͣ
̫׽̵ĳϺʯ幵ɫ䣬ͬʱ֣ʼѰȮβ͡
ȮβǱħˮնϵģСβϣͬҩʯ幵׷Ź
ȮβѾһ˿ԣߵĻʯ幵δҵõ

Ҷ嵱ȻȥȮβͣ·
Ȼ뵽ˬ˵ĴǳΣգĳˣŵӲ϶Źľõˣֿ֧صˡ
뵽Ҷ岻ͣת֣뾡ϻľá
ûע⵽һɫϢľǸղѹħˮɵĽɫ
мʮ֮Ҷɫ䣬ǰȻиӡ
Ųּ䣬ƺѰʲô˾ȵǣûдЬӣҽʼ硣
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ݵľȺ󣬰ЦҲڵ˰ɣ
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뵽Ҷ̧ͷʯ幣үһ󣡡
Ƿ׷ǹʣƾʲôҪ㣿ʯЦˣҶ츳ǲ츳õ˶ǣǻ˵á
үϰæԸүһҶ̧ۿʯ幡
Ҷ壬ҪˣĶôүۣ¼˵
ʯ幰˰֣Ц¼ѻ˵Һܺ棬ʲôҡ
¼ٶԣ༸ŮӿҶ壬о¶м֮ɫһŵӶѣóʲôö
ҶûἸŮӵĲм뻳УʱѾһ
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Ҷеʯɫһ䣺޵
ǼŮӺ¼ɫ䣬ŵĿҶеʵ벻ͨһ徳ŵӶѣȻ޵
ݵ𾪺ʯʳָһҶеԪסɵʯС
Ȼ޵
ʯ̧ͷҶ壬ЦҰʲô
ԸҶүҾǣҶ˵
ΪʲôҰɱǣʯЦˡ
ΪԺɱǣҶ俪ڡ
ʯɫ΢䣬漴Ц¼һ˰ɡ
ǣү¼Ӧ



65 Ҷ
Ҷ
ˬͳȷʵΣսáһáãŵӲѾѴҶΧס
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ʱ˿̣ˬȫص˴Ҷ棬֮˸ȳϣ˸ڿˬߡҶ˾Ȼֳ֣γ˶֮ơ
ֶ㿼ûУ㿴ȫѪĿˬڡ
ߣҶֻһҾԲͬѶܽȥģˬߡ
Ҷ׿ĶӣֻаҶ彻ȥ˲Żߣѵ뺦Ҷ𣿡һЦ
УˬЦǵĹƣȥˣṥҶ
ûѶ罻ȥҲԲưոݣҲЦ
ܴ磬ǧҪѰɵȥǿ϶ûʲôģСĪ졣
ˬ뺦Ҷ𣿡󣬼߷߲ƽ
ûҪҶ壬ֻҪ˽ȥˣ
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ˬľ֮⡣
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λҪл㣬ҪֵĻƾ˿ɱء׿Ц
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׿׺ҲͬʱЦʱ򶼳ԹҶսͿصĿ˿ܳڶˡ
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66 һˣֵ
Ҷڣ㿴ߵǧˣмޱȡͰģһҪΪҶ峤һ̣ʵԡ
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еʱһȺ˴ӴҶΪ֮ǿˬ
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ˬߵˣҶͳ
ˬǲѾ뿪ΪʲôֻˣûˬļЦǳƽ
ߣˬ뺦Ҷ𣿾ȻҴҶԱߣһЦ
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磬³ǵΪ¾ڻǵĶ֡ǱϾѾˣ꣬ǱضǣҶ
ɱ֮𣬲죬ҿˬɱˣĲΪˣˬ
磬ɱ˵ʱҲһݣЦ常ĳң
Ҷ塢ˬͳͬʱֽһһˣֵܣгһգעӥһչ裬κ

Ҷ˼ݿصʱ򣬻Ұַ˴ս
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ʯħˮɻܺ󣬱ûȥֻڸѡ̫׽ǿȴԶԶʯĶ֣̫׽̽Գ֡
̫׽ϷǳʣȴҲ޿κΣֻܻ뿪˻Ұ
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˶֮⣬༸ŵ˶׷ӿ˻Ұռ޵ʬ塣

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ҹҶֹͣ˱ҩԡ
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ĽѾܺãҪԴʽǷǳѣ٣ûκͷ
Ҷ֪Ŵ콣޷ԣھԴĴ㣬Űʯȥ


ڶ 츣


67 ˽׾Ž
ҶʯڣһڲݵϣĵĿʯ񡣳˰⣬ĪҲڣĪѾڲݵ˯ˣ˯̬ˡ
ĪɵˡĪЦ
ƭˡĪ죬˯һӡ
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ǺߣΪ̫ˣѾ˳ʱ򡣡ҶЦ
ģСĪЩˡ
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ܽ뾲˶Ƿë֮м뾲ϼѣҶҪм뾲һһϦܳɹġ

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ѵΪ˸˵Щ𣿡Ů䡣
ãô˵Ҳ׽ãαˣǸŮ˽Ц
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֪ʲôԼŮƺѹеķŭ
ãǶŮˣᣬΪʲôôĥԼŮЦ㿴öڣһʬƵġ
ӽݹҲ֮飡ŮЦ
ã˵仰ˣˣһһĵġŮӵԶȥ
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ҶҡͷЦֹ޷̺ʯ񣬸޷ٲӰ졣
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ܿ죬Ѫɢ˷
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ͨе⣬Ҷϲɫת֡
ܿ죬ҶͻصʯݣʯϣʼѪ֮
̺ѣҪٿѪ֮״УǷǳðյΪвͻˡ
һȫѪȻУô߱ɡ
ҶȻ֪ԣֻǿֱ۵Ѫ֮ʹҲǳʧˣʹֱ⵽ɡ
Ȼֵðģһ֮˽׾Žһɹˡ
ҹҶȻڳԣֱѾѣֱѾѪ졣
ҹҶ嶼ûϢϳԣʧܣγһµѪת֮·ʵ̫ѡ
ڶ죬Ҷ廹ڳԣѾǲʧ˼Ρ
ֱۺʹ֪ʹһȻڼԡ
ֹ˼ʱкȻ¶˾⣬Цˣ


68 ۷
ߵʯУҶתѪѪ֮״ŤľľҲ֮״ȻһѪ˳ľŷǰƾճһѪС
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ľɵ֣ʧѪ
ܿ죬Ѫ͵õ˲䣬ͬʱڣҪЩ뿿׽ϴ蹦

ȭХҶٴδˡţʮʽԼĹ
˾ͺȼյĻ¯Ҷ䵽ͷ˲ͱѪճɻҽ
ʱѾҹǱҲٴα˲١ڣѾﵽǧŰٶͻ徳صޡ
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ʱҶ΢סȫעĵ

Ҷʯʱڣǰ˸ҹųǴһ˵䡣
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С㣬ѾұҹųǺŵǶûҵˡ㹪
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ĿֽȥҶ峯ķȥһûݱҩԡĥԡǿǣ
츳ܾˣ˰ҷڽ棬ؾǻ˰Ī˵ͽܡľоȻǸŮ˵˵
ϻܵõϷ򴫳еˣ츳᲻ߣ˿ˡ
㲻һѣٷϻĻŲɱ㣿ŮЦ
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ڶ죬뷿䣬Ҷ˹ˬ
߳䣬ľԺֿʼȭȭХص֣Ҷ
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Ҷȭ⣬ǵʯ񣬳֮⣬żͰūѶ
Ȼûܴﵽм뾲Ҫ󣬲ȴ˾ǧٽͬʱȫǱҲѾˡ
徳֮󣬾徳࣬Ѿﵽ徳شԲò˶þͿˡ
ν࣬˼壬ġΡƢΡ
׽ϴ蹦ʮʽǰʽΪʽ⣻ʮʽΪţʮʽǡĤʮʽΪʮʽࡢ衢Ѫ
ҶҪͻ徳أڿʼʮʽ
ʮʽģԶԶʮʽԿԼǱ
һ֮ʱ࣬ѪҺĶһǱȫᷢʱ䡣
ĺôΪᣬתѪ࣬Ѫ̶ǱһǱȫ˶ᷢɱ䣬ܷУһɱ䡣
һֻ徳ȻҲܷУĸֱ֮
ҶΪǳǿƱͨǿԣΪ徳߻ЩѣһͻˣȻᳬԽͨ徳ߡ
ȻС׽ϴ蹦ĻٶҲȥֻǱԭȵٶһЩѡ


69 ѡ
ӺܿҶȴһֱûиΪ֪ʯǿߣҪԼҲͻƵС
һգҶʱľõļȻ
Īʲô²ɡҶֹͣżϵظȥ
ϵأľõĵӻѾ롣
ҶߵˬߣˬҶ壬˵ܣղŸӵ֪ͨŴȵѡϾҪʼˡ
ÿֻжʮʮµ徳߿ԲòμѡΡʮ¾ͻƵ徳صˣֱӲμŴȡ
ʮҲ˵ҲҪ徳زлᱻѡСҶĿ˸
Ȼʱ󣬶ŴѡΣ徳غ͵ص˸ߣ£
˵꣬浱ȴ·߳ľá
ҶͿˬ˽Ҳȥܹϰˡ
ܿ죬Ҷ˾һеĹ㳡㳡ݺǧɣʯ̾ͶɣɢϵϢ
㳡ϣսáһáõѾ
õӵǰȻʮΪ֮¼¼̫ʷֵ
Ҷ˵³ͬʱЦҲ֪ڴʲô⡣
ʱ¼ĶɱȻڣѡֻжʮΪ㣬ȵյĶʮˣԻòμŴȵʸ񣡡
յǷ̨ǻڷ̨ǴʲôطߣֻҪյִ̨С̫ʷֽ˵֮⣬ÿ˻ץסֻۻץĻ㵽յҲûá
ۻǷֵģǵüĶȾˣץĳۻûǵĻҲ
ֻҪ³ۻͷ­ˣû׽ۻ̫ʷֽ˵
ǰƬ˳ۻ⣬в徳ޣǿҪ׼һЦˡ
ԣ˵ɫˣһЩֻ徳صѾѡΡ
˳ĻھߣûлˡʯҺȻѡ
һ徳߹Ȼѡ˳Ͼǿûа徳޵
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ܣ˼˵ղŸˣˬɫ΢䡣
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ղӵȷʵˣҶ徳أҶһֵ
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磬ҵĸоֻͨҪҲ̫ԶҾܸоǡҶЦʵΪʹĸо쳣
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ԸǵĻղΪʲô֣⡣
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Σ֮ǱСģˬ

ͬʱӵ֮йȻ߳ˡѪʢ֮ҫ۶ĿϢ˿ӵȻҲ徳ߡ
ӵ£ղΪʲôסǣһ徳˵ˣݸߣϵļ٣һƤͷĸо
ߣڼΪʲôסǣӵĿݸ֮ˡ
ǲ֣Ϊ㳡̫ˣܵǿɾ鷳ˡһ徳߻ڣĿ࣬⣬ˡ
ң˳֣ߵĻ𣿡ӵ¿ſ֮ˣɫơ
ϴΧˬǸǲ𣿡ҼЦЦǣ깫ȥ׷ɱСӺ䲻Ҳ֪ǻ
ӵµɫЩҲסˡ
깫ʧٻ¼йأɵСӿ϶Ǳ¼ˡڼȻ˵
ûҹƣ깫Ѿ¼ˡҵ˵ͷ
ߣɵСΪʲôôԶȻԵõ¼ʶʡ
ٺ٣ģ¼ʶҲߣǳĺûᣡ촽
ȵһʧʱ֣ܶ¾Բ¼֪ȨȻ˵
¼֪ʱѾ˶ɱˣµɱģҲô졣ӵЦˡ
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ʱҶѾԵһֻۻն˳ۻͷ­
ǹˣɱֻۻҪԵֻǼ׵¡
磬ЩٶȻãҪͶĻˡЦ
磬ܣӦѾ֣õĲٲҶ忴ųͿˬ
Ϳˬͬʱ˵ͷˣҶٲֱٲ


70 ֮
ҶٲȱپŹλͼҵ֮Աٲ죬Ϊ֪ŹλͼվŹλͼٲҲýӰٲ
˵ţҶ˾ſʯڵ沼˾Źλͼ
ˬͳٲȻ֪óŹλͼļְǶʱϲ
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¼СҵġҶɫ¼С㲻Ҹ߱ˣ򲻵ѣҲҪ߱ˡ
Ϳˬ˵ͷƾȱġӰٲ˽Ʒ似֤Ӱٲñ֪Ļǵ鷳϶Сԣǲʩչġ
ʱ󣬿ˬͳѾŹλͼ£ֻҪԺڼӿ϶Ӱٲ
ٴγ˳ۻ䡣
ֹ˼ʱҶնɱֻۻ
˿̣ڴм׷һֻۻۻٶȼ죬ԶԶȥֻܿһӰ㴩С
ҶͿˬȫѪͺѪɫ⣬ڳ׻ԶԶȥֺ¯İ֡
ڳ׷һ֮󣬾εҡҡͷͣȫҶͿˬٶȡ
ҶͿˬ׷ĳۻп徳شԲٶԶԶǰɱĳۻߣҲδ׷ֻۻ
ܣֻˣǣһֱǶȦˬ׷ۻ߶Ҷ˵
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ˬɫȷʵЩ԰ףȫٱУѪĵٶʵ̫졣
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ȻǰĳۻһҽУ쳹֡
ҶͿˬ뿴ȥֻۻһֻ峤ʮ׵ĶǾҧס˲š
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ಣಣಣǲݳֻǲȫѪ¯ҫ֮
ҶͿˬȻֻ徳Χ
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ݵĳԾҶ峯ſˬ֮ȥˬҲֻǲǲסˣ϶ܲ

Ҷȥҿˬʱ򣬷̨ϣѾʮ˵ִʮ˶ѡҪ
սáһáõĵӶڣҲֹһľȴֻһˡ
ϵܣ̫ʷ֣ѡαԣľֻһͨˡ³棬Ц
ϵܣĸģ㻹лġ׺ҲЦˡ
᣿׿Цһõңսõļڼõӵ£ĸ徳أлᣬҲ϶
ߣ¹˭ֻ֪
̫ʷߣʵҲ֪ĸᱻӵˬҲпܶһҶͳûκϣˡ
¼ü΢ҲҶûϣˣҶǱٺãҲ徳صĶ֡
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³Ц¼ǰ¡

ڣҶ屾ȥˬԸޣȴҺͼڼ赲
ɵСӣû¼㣬㻹ܻ뿪𣿡ڼЦЦ
ڼϻˣ
ҴЦѪǣ͵ĵŵسҶ塣
ҶûܣȵҳɱǰɲǣȻͷų˻סȫ
ţҶңһǱȭȭͷʱȵĻ˲ֱӡ
Ҿ֣Ѿֻһȭӭȥ
һ죬ҵȭͷҶһȭ촷ֱۣҲҶһȭ顣
ĺˣҽ쳹֡
⡭ʲôڼȻʧɫ
ȻҶȫٳɱң˽һһҵĺʮʮһ׷һ
Ҿ㤵ĿУҶľѾĺ
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ಣҶεضֽһ߳Ĵ󽣺Ȼ֣һնɱ˼ڼĺ󾱡
һҶȻûôѪΪʹȼѪ󽣵Ҳǳǿӵ
ҶӽնڼȻæͭꪣתһꪴҶ壬Ѫƣպ
ˢһ󽣰ѳ룬бб˼ڼĺϣն˼ڼͷһҶͼڼʬ弸ͬʱء


71 徳
ҶɲǣȻѪҺٶȻӿ졣
ȻѪողѪͷ˷츲صı仯ǿޱȡѪʼ࣬ǳΪ徳ߵı־
ʱҶо棬ȫѪٶȼӿ죬ǣ˲䳬Խ֮һǧͬʱĺԶȫëҲΪ֮
徳ߣԶƳ߼籼Ծ鶯
ߣѪ֮ǿ󣬵Ѫͨëųȥʱ߻ӯɡͺһϸ׵ʯͷһʯͷͻƯڰһ
ҶҲû뵽ȼѪ󣬾ȻʹѪӶͻƵ徳ء
̲ס˷ҡֱϣ˲ɵ˰ɸ߿աԺ徳ߣԲôˡ
Ҷ建ڵ棬ҺͼڼϵƤȡ£ȻֱװѪܵĺͷ
ƤĺͷԼƤҶ忪ɵ֣Һͼڼʬˡ
Ҷȡ߼ڼϵԪʯƤӣ
ܿ죬Ҷҵ˿ˬͳˡ
ˬûˣȻɹİƥǲǡ
ҶҲûˣˬͳ˿Ƕûע⵽ҶѾ徳ߡ
Ҳѹûв徳߿ͨ࣬ܺõĿڵѪѪҶ˵ĸо徳һ
磬ֻֻֻ꣬Ρ
ֻҶЦЦƤӶ˳
һɣˬҲǳԾ
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ףΪʲôҶɱֻˡ
Ҷʱӵеֵ¸߿ˬˣԲûнͣЦЦ߰ɣٲȥĻʮǱ˵ˡ
˵ţҶת֣ŷ̨򼲳۶ȥˬͳ

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ų̂ɲÿ˶ģû㹻ĳۻȥһ˵ĺá³ҲЦ
Ҷû˵ˬͳҲû˵ȻҲûȥ˼
ôѲɡֻۻûԵ׿ҲЦˡ
׺ῴҶˣҲ¶˼֮ɫ
̫ʷɫ΢䣬ĵĿҶˡ
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ԣ׿ͬʱЦˣ̫ʷΣҡͷ̾Ϣ¼Ҳü
ʱҶ˵Եĳۻֻʮֻ
ЦЦƤӴ򿪣ʮѪܵĺͷ³ߡ
³ɫ䣬гš
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ߣ³˵ɫ÷ǳѿ
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Ҷص䣬ʯϺɣڿѪ
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似һ顣
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⣬СĪõŴȵϢҲӴҶҲʮ˵УҲȥۿŴȡ
ܿ죬˼Ϻ뿪ľá
ʱҶҹų룬ĵضΡ
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Ҷ߳ƫָһľ׿ܴ󣬿ľȻûз顣ЩľȻϵľģʵޱȡ
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ҶкܶԪʯÿɱһˣܵõһЩԪʯö֮ԪʯҲͶҪ֪ɱˣܶ඼徳ߣԪʯ٣



72 ״
Ҷȥ״ֵʱķڡ
Ǹȥ˽״֣Ц״ֵĶ𣿡
ʦ֣ҪҪȥѵѵСֺʵ
ҪЦѾ֪ͨˣǻȥѵСģ
ֺɫһ䣬֪Ѿˡ
ϾЩãҲȥɣǧҪʧЦ
ǣҾԲʦʧֺϲæȥ
񣡡Ц

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ǸΪõⱾ似Ȼ˸ܣʵĽ
ȻС̯ϾֻС̯õĶʵڽ״״ǧҽ״Сÿڽ״ֿ轻״ˣǼ֮
Ⱥ飬ڽ״ϣָ˶С
ҶСĪ˾ȺУ˿̣һС̯ѡ
ɵطôûоƣСĪСҶ塣
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Уֻǽǡû˶ѡ˵Ҷʹ˸ɫ
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ģСĪգգ۾һȫŵӡ
СֵܣǸ̯ͷȻʵ
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СĪҲذ׷£ǿɲԪʯذ֮ϡ
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˿ܣҶ岢ûзκΡɡˣȻǵٴδĶУˣҾľ档
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ģҲẦģǱ似ܲ򵥣ǧڱŮ˵ٴĶС
Ҷסָͷǰķ似ЦⱾ似ҪԪʯ
˿Ҷ似׷׿似϶¶˹Ź֮ɫֻǱƷ似ѡ
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ҶͿˬɫ䣬뿴似֮ˣó似֮˾Ȼֺ
ֺ߻ˣ˵ʹŶʮ꣬ѪʢȻ徳ߡ
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徳վһϢѹԣ˸ҿ
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ھͿ԰ԪʯλҶЦ
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ֺֿ֣ΪųѾƣѪֹͬʱǱ似Ѿֺߡ
һĻ˾㤣ʮ֮𣿺ÿֲʵͻ徳ŵӡ
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ڻҪ似𣿡Ҷ帩ֺʵ
С֣ңʦ־ԲŹģ̧ͷŭҶ壬ͷ
㻰ѵû𣿡
ҶЦľѪȻӣֺɫ䣬˫۶ʱѹ䣬촥ͷ
һ飬㻹ҪҪ似ҶЦ
СҾͲɱңֺЦϷ
ҹųڲɱˣ䲻ͬŻɱ˵˸ղűҶ˵徳ŵӡ
Ҿ㣬ҪҹųǶɱˣֹҪҶҲҪᣡһв
룡ҶһŤľһɨŵӣʮڶ˻һ
ѪѪɫǵصŵӣ
ŵɫ䣬ˣӽ˽֮ϡ

ѪɫɼƬŵƺһĺ˼
ͬʱҶľѹֺĳ֮ϣһз̫죬ЩӦ
˷ӦʱҶ͵ľ֮Ѫǣֺ˶ʱѹſ˵ϡ
ȷʵɱ㣬ܷ㣡ҶЦһ飬㻹ҪҪ似
ҡҲҪˡֺˣ˵ʱϲ
Ҷýһϵ似似УҲûٿֺһۣת˿ˬˣЦ磬ȥƣ˵ö
ˬ˵ͷҶ帶ͷԪʯ漴һԶ
ĭһﻹǸղǸôͻȻ޺ˣ
ҶȥʱֺҧгݣԹ˵С֣ĳ裬һʮģ
ΪѾ徳ߣټˣҶ˾ֲ˱ˡû뵽ǣȴҶݺˣܲ
С֣¼ҲҪ֮أֺЦתȥŵӽ


73 ɱ
Ҷڽ״ţȻԶȺܼӣҲ֪ʲô¡
һĻҶ˹ȥǼȺʱ򣬶ʱ˸ŵڼս徳ŵֶԸŵӣ֮⣬Ա߻ս
ΧŵӣҶͿˬ˷׷ɫ䣬ΧŵӣȻǺӲغͺľ֮һ
ˬҲû룬һսŵӡ
սЦĳìסˬˡ
ǼìʱһͻȻǰ̳ȻȺ̳Ǹ˵ĸоͺͬʱ̳ȥģ֮죬𾪡
ɫ䣬ìֵ

˳ì֮ϣѪ⣬ƺһĺ˼ì˲
ͻȻֻˣҶ壡
Ҷٿתʸһڹˬŵӣһľ֮Ѫ
Ǹڹˬŵɫ䣬æܣͬʱսסҶľһŵӱú˼ֱ۷飬ս֡
Ҷ岻ŵӴϢĻᣬ嵽ŵǰһصŵӵͷ­һľ˺ѿڶΧս֮˵ĶĤ˺ˡ
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£ҹųǣɱˣղűҶһ˵Ц
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ҶɱõʱֺѾص
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С֣ĪΪĶԸ𣿡Ц뿪˷䡣
ܿ죬ķ䣬ҲʵǿѾ¾
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ߣûмǴƺɱңô㣿ҶȻЦħˮɱǰѽɫɵѾħˮɱˡ
Ҳɱ㣬ֻľѡħˮɺί˵ҶȲ֪ǱҩĻ϶ΪǸŮˡ
ΪʲôҪľҶɻ
Ϊľ԰ˣ˺ʮһֱ׷ɱһ˺صˡħˮ̾˺ǿǻ˼ɣҲûлߡ
ҵľ԰ˡҶһ
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ûȤҶҡҡͷ
ߣûȣħˮɽߣٶԡ
ҶЦҡҡͷһ걦ҩĸ˻Ȥ


74 Ŵ
ħˮɣҶȡǱ似
û𿾣ܷⱾ似ܡħˮɺȻЦ
ô֪ҪûգҶɫ΢䡣
Ϊұ˼ǧ֪꣬±࣬ɵ磬ÿ𣿡ħˮϷʵ
ҶεЦˣû뵽Ȼһ걦ҩˡ
ЦЦҶ뿪¥ܿһС¯ص˷䡣
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ҶתѪסƣ似ȡ似ȴҶŴ似
Ҷɫһ䣬Ȿ似Ȼ˽Ʒ似רϢģ
Ȿ似ļֵԶԶԽ˽Ʒ似ΪѪԪҲ˵徳߶ʹⱾ似
Ȿ似ҶͿסȫѪͬ徳һһ㣬Ϣȫʧ
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ս̨Աиϯɫ۵ϯϣǲڵһӡ
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75 ҩ
Ҷʡһ˭ʱĽ˿ս̨ϵҶ壬϶¶֮ɫ
ˣһĽϯϵһ˺ȻЦ
Ľɫ΢䣬żҶһȷʵ
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ĵ֣ħˮ̾㻹ǸˣͨѾˣȻˣһ˼ǧҲûмһ
ѵӵеֵĲܾ𣿡Ҷüͷ
û֮⣬û⡣ħˮ˵رԴԼӵеֵ˾Բӵ֪ΪʲôȻܴԼ
ǺǻҶʵħˮʵ̫֪ˣħˮɡ
⵱ȻǺ£˫֣ӵôǻ£ħˮЦˡ
ƺĵֺ˽⣿ҶҲЦˡ
ô֪жҵ⣬д󲿷˶ӵе֣ǿޱȡħˮ˸еѾǲ嵽ױΧ˶ٴΡΪЩҲŶԵֺǳ˽⡣
ҶĬȻƷҩȷʵ۲õһСƬҶҲǳˡ
Ҳ࣬ӦҲҰɣħˮɺȻЦʵ
ôĪ㣿ҶЦˡ
ʹҲûǸ¡ħˮЦľ԰˵ķϣҾôˡ
ʲôôҶЦЦ
ȥҸԡͰװơħˮɷԸ
Ҷûħˮʲô߳䣬̧ܿһֻԡͰص˷䣬ԡͰ澡Ǿơ
ħˮɿľһԡͰУţľ֮ͷųīɫҩ㡣
ҽֻ֮ҪתѪͿԡͰҩ
ħˮɵĻҶѵ·ԡͰûѵӣħˮȻһ걦ҩȴŮûʲô
ҶԡͰħˮɴҶһתѪ֮Ҷ֮תѪ
ʱԡͰҩҺӿҶڣࡣ


76 ǿ
ħˮɵ棬ҩҺȻܹҶС࿪ʼ࣬ٵƢ࡭ҩҺҶγѭÿѭҩҺҶȫ
ͺһתѪŦ
ʱԡͰҩҺѾֻ꣬ʣ˾ơ
Ҷŷ֣֪УĸȻѪҲ˵ѾʼࡣڣﵽһǧĸҲˡ
кܶҩڣȥȭɣźܿܰҩľдħˮɵ
Ҷ˵ͷ뿪ԡͰʼȭڶʱȭХ

Ҷ֮ʣ¥һȺˣЩҲŵӡ
ˣý䣬һںȾƵߵ˵
ͷ˺غĵܵܣ
ûȷʵغĵܵܣʲô
Ī˵
ڵ˵
Ҷ˭ҹͷõɨãȡ
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мˣȻǵҶߵǼˡ
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ˬͳɫ΢䣬˾Ȼˣ
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ۣȻҲҪһŵЦ
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ش磬ǣԶ
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ϵܵĴĸ֮һϵܣ˭ҲȲ㣡ٴЦ
˼˵ֻңҶȻЦˡ
ߣֻľõŵӶѣϵҪһֱֻۣΣߡ
ҲΣҪһֻ֣ն֫ѡҶ嵭ڡ
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ҶĻ˵ɱ
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С֣ԼùײİɣЦһɳ˴á
˿Ҷ壬룬˵Ժӿ϶ù
ϵ߲֣ܳ˼徳صһ徳ôӵõ
ǲ֪ҶѹͲ±͵Ϯħˮɿɻɱ徳ߣʹ徳Ҳˡ


77 ҩʦ
ߺҶֻصȭ
ͬʱڸϣǽϵոյϢҶûȥѾ䲻⣬õϢҶȻ
Īʲô˲ɣôܷµĶüͷ
ݵɻϺȻЦȻиҲνغƢԲưոݵģֺαس֡

ڸһ䷿ڣ˴̱ǵҩζڴϣֱѾͿĨҩɢǶϱѾ޷ϡ
֮⣬ڻˣһǱΪ硱Ŀ󺺣һмƣʹʮͷʳȣŭ
һǸСƼݡȻֻ徳ߣüȴ˰
ҩʦҵֻܵܵܽ𣿡Ǹʳȵʵ
ӵֻ֡¡ҩʦ̾ԭǸʳȵӾغ飡
ʵΪҩʦ֮ˣСҩʦҩʦǶҩʦƣҩʦҩɢԺ𾴡
һԣҩɢҩЧĸߵͣƷʵӣΪǣҩʦƷȻҲ֮ΪǡǰҩʦǸҩʦΪơɢ
Ҷ壡غ³֡
ϵܣԸ˵˵ʱ𣿡ҩʦȻſ󺺡
ҩʦˡ󺺲ҵľҩʦ
ʮ꣬ȻܣʵЩ˼顣ҩʦغ飬ɫ΢䡣
غ֪ĵܵʵΣĵܵܣҲҪ徳شԲһʮȻ徳شԲЩ
ҲμŴȵģǲ翴Ķ˭ˣǿԡ˵̧ƣ˸ͷĶ
ã¾ͽȥţҲҪСӵҪ޷غԸ
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ΪܶӣУĳӵĶӳΪס

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ĪͷĺˣҶһֶֻܴӮ򡣡Цš
СĪ˲ԶĹϯϣսõҲڹۿҶıԡ
СӵĶ֡³а̾Ҷûȫῴ
϶ģͷĺˡһȻЦЦ
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Ѿ࣬һ߽ܿƺࡣ
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78 ˰
Ҷʱ򣬺ҲڴҶ壬ҶĺҶ廹ûʼ࣬Ϊ˷֮ˣ֮䣬Ϣ಻
֪Ҷ岢徳شԲ󣬺аԾ徳شԲôʵھˡ֪Ҷֻ࣬徳شԲԶ
ݵĳԾ󣬺ĿҶ壬Цº죬Ѫì֮ˡ
Ҷ壬ľãҶҲЦˣ˾һߣ;һɡ
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ţôˣȻһꡣ
˰ˡţ顣
СĪͬʱһ㶡



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챻ܺǽξ׵Ծս̨ϡ
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˶Ҷ˵ʱɱõѾξ̧˱㳡
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ͬʱͿˬҲˣﲢûͨһ֣ˬʮʤһͨ˵һ֡
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С㣬Ǹаεˣ˵֪ū˭һ˹档
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С㣬ӦòڵˣѾ뿪ˡһ˺Ȼ˵
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ΣעҪԶŮ̾ҼֻẦ粻

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Ѩۣ˺ܾãҶðˮ棬ˮϸܶߴɣ
Ҷˮ棬ܶȻܶһǿһʯݣʯݴ벿ֶǶʯС
ľȻʯݣ
ҶԽԽɻʯݡ
ոʯݣɫͱˡ


80 
Ҷʯ濴һˣϣ֫Ȼסˣһ˶ڵϡҶ𾪵ǣ˾Ȼľһģһ
ݵ𾪺Ҷסʵǰôᱻ
֪Σ̧ͷҶ壬Ц֪ϷΪʲôľ
֪Ҷҡҡͷ
֪ʵϷ򱾲ټκˡ̾
ҶȻɣɲû˵֪˲ϲ˻ࡣ
Ľ˼ʽ˺Ȼʵ
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ʹϷƣЦЦ
Ҷ˵ͷתѪһһѪкȻڽ⡣
ֽĿһȻһ۾ͿҶĽ
ǰһ֮Ҷ忴ˣЩ
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֣ʢжڡָʲô˺Цʵ
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˸˱㵴źˮЦ֣ݺ֮


81 Ů
ﵽʲôطˮµҶüͷ
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ֻԳѪ֮ϣ˲䱻Ѫн飬ĩһʱ䣬ֻԳʹĲҽ֣ǡ
Ҷһ̤һһ죬ֻһֻԳδüܣͷ­ѪҺ׷


82 
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ҶڳֻԳֻ徳ϵ޲ֻ޵󣬵ֵȴС
Ҷڳʱִ˻εĺ涼Ϊ֮
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ವһڴ˳Ҷǰֻ޳ʮɣȫڣɫƣڱѪʢ֮
ҶѾǵʲôҲ֪İɵϵֻޣֻǡħƱ
ǰֻħƱϢǿȻһֻ徳ޣѾ徳شԲʱɱ䡣
ħƱҶеľҺϵ䣬ð
ȻħƱҶ壬סһצ֮
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ûмȭھʯϣħˮɴڵתѪ֮ѪתѪʱˮ̶ںҩԪҲڻڡ

Ҳ֪˶ãԪѪںϣʹѪøʢҶһȫȼյĻˡ
ԪҶļ裬ȻʹҶļҲһ˿ѪѪԽԽ࡭
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Ҷոտ徳ؾʵǸ
徳ߵǧ֮ħˮţҶӦܳԽޡ


83 ڶ
ֹͣҶһͬʱ֪ʲôʱħˮѾԪʯ
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ȻקסԾԾԵСĪʵǵСĪˡ
ǺðɡСĪ죬ȴħƱգգ۾ʹħƱ¶˾֮ɫ

ܿ죬Ҷ尲úħƱһͬ뿪¥˱񵥹֮ء
ҶڰϿĶ֣Ķֻ߸Ŵȵ˵ڶ֣òпһҪ߸ֲͨڶ֣ÿֻ߸֣Ҳ˵սȫʤ
һֵʱʮ֣һҲνǵ˵ڶ֣һζŽ⵽̭ԣһŴȣͨڶֵָԲᳬʮˣ
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ˬԼģõˡ̺ȭټ츳Ͳ١
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ȿˬԣĽ˲٣ȻѾǰ徳أɾ粢ȹ̡
˱񵥺Ҷ˸ϵ˱㳡㳡ǵһõĹ㳡ڶֱõĹ㳡ӻս̨Ҳӿ㣬Ӽ̡
˱㳡֮⣬ϯҲ˱仯ϯһż䣬ȻλͷСǰۿ䡣
ڶֱͬɣ첻֪жݲ˵
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һ죬֣徳ءУȻǶˡ
Ҷս̨ʱҲ̵˸ߴ쳣
˭Ҷ壿ϯϣһŵ˺Ȼʵ
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ӵ˵ǣٹٴκȲʡ
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ŮȻǴС߻һ꣬Ȼ׽ɣ
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ҵϣܽһְ̨֣׽Ц
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ͷĺˣ϶Ķ֣һ󺺿׿ֺ֮ɫ
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ٺ٣ûǰͻƵ徳أʵɲ⣬СӳŲ˼СЦˡ
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ҲΪҶ嵣
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˿̵ǣؿѾȥ˫Ŀɴ󣬾ȻѾ
˾ķ֣ǵؿھȻǱһȭȥġ뵽˻תͷս̨ϵҶ壬
׿Ҳ𾪵˵ǾȻҶһȭˡ


84 ˬ֮
ҶһȭǣżڵĴһ䣺ܣ
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кܶ裬Ҫ޷Ǽ֫ϵĹ裬ÿ߶ЩطĹ裬ȻطĹ衣
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85 Ǭ󻹵
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¼Ҳû뵽ҶȻǱʯĸϵȡҩ

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ʵˣ˿ȵڻҰħˮɼսЩɱ֮£ɽɫ䡣

󣬻ʧҶĺ˼亹֪Ϊʲôôȭӡˡ
ȭҶǵãڸղЩУʩչȭͽȭ
ȭȻǵؽƷ似似ʮֱ仯ʽɱС
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ıϾҪʼˣھͳɡȻ
Īúտ磡ҶЦЦת뿪˷䣬

ܿ죬Ҷ˾˱㳡μŴȵľ֮ˣֻʣҶˡ
СģԷ̫ǿĻȨˡȻȻĶҶ˵
Ӯҵ˻ûأҶЦ
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ĸ֣徳شԲҸѾʤֻҪӮҶܹء
ҶĵһѪõȣûҶս̨Ѿһݣɵս̨ϡ
ȵս̨ҶҲӵս̨ϣȡݣüĿŽʵıȻǸý֡
ҲҶ壬ĿעҶ屳ľҶֽеƣܸоҶҲǸý֡
Ȼɱõİ׳˷绺ڣȣǧҪɱҪɱˣ
׳˷òᣬĶҶ壬綾߶
û˵ˣֻսõĺЦȻЦȴ
Ҳˣûǵİš
ЦһתͷҶ壬˱󳤽潣ߣһɱҶ壬Ѫҫ֮
ۿɱҶҲ˱ľһ˳ȥֵ˳Ĺ
ֻͽײѪɫҫ۶Ŀ
ȵĽܸӵҶŻѡֻѣδȫ
˸Իһ󣬶ûкˣأٴλӽɱ˶Է

ת˲֮䣬ҶѾԴ̳ʮǵĳ̫죬缲磬ۻҡ
СӵȻȡ׳˷ͺһۣ𾪡
ֹǣҲǳ𾪡
ͬʱϯϣ³׿Ҳǵ۹⣬ῴҶˡ
һҹ֮ǧʵ̫˼ˣʵڲġ
ֹǣżڣҲܳԾҶʱҶû
ôģüĪѧ뾲֮
뵽ȻЦҡҡͷ²⡣
ʱս̨ϣҶѾɱ˰УѪɫս̨ˮ͹һ㣬žը졣
˰ľЩѪ̺ܾˣͨߵĻҲҪзϡ
Ȼȵͺһռߣ˻һѪɫӰҶؿڡ
˷׷ɫ䣬Ѫõ˽似ʮˣ¿һնɽӡ
ΪҶ嵲סһɲǣҶҲһ˳ȥʮһ
һ춯صľص˷ѪϯҶ˶ûѪ֮С
ѪɢȥĿȥȵֱȻһӣƤѪҺȪӿ
˷׷ɫ䣬ȻˣҲᱻҶľˡ
ĽܸҪӮңԶԶ
ȾȻЦˣֻ˺һ·˵ƹס
һкҶ壬Цʮʮղõǵڰ˽ھŽԽӲס
δ䣬ȫѪ˺ͽһ壬һҶ塣
һʵ̫죬Ҳʵ̫ˣ㳡Ϊ֮𶯣ڶ
ѧĽҲʮղõǵ
ҶһЦȫѪһľϱҫ۵Ѫ⣬̫۾ʹæͷת˹ȥ
¡
ײһ˵ɳȥ߷ݰ׹ڵء
Ŀȥ׹ڵ֮˾ȻȣеĽȻѾ˴롣
ȿ˼Ѫ̧ͷҶ壬ʵղõǵڼ
߽ҶЦŻش
ĲĶ֡̾뿹Ҷĵ߽ҲҪѧʮʮ
˰𾪣ѪõķʮȻˣľʲôʱôĽ
Ҷ岻ȣս̨ϣϯϵߣʵһ㡣
ˣʲôЦ
Ҷ忴Ű׳˷ˣ˵ͬʱ˽֣֪вУ
̫Ҫһսյˡ
һ˷׷𾪣һȻͬʱԸ׳˷ˣʵ̫ˡ
Ҳʼδ׷𾪣ҶҲͬʱԸ徳شԲߡ
׳˷Ҳû뵽Ҷ˿Ȼû˷Ҫ֪˸ȡ
ˣԸĻϷû˵û˵ͬʱ˽֡
΢٣ѵһҪ㣬Σա
л⣬ǳ綼Ҫҽ֣һϵĻʡ鷳Ҷ嵭ȻһЦ
Ȼ˵ĻҾͲȰˡתͷŰ׳˷ˣʵ˿Ը⣿
׳˷û˵ͬʱһЦս̨ɡƷΧסҶ塣


88 
ȻĻ͹ֲˡЦţֶɱҶ塣
СӵĽСĽ
δ䣬׳˷ѾսŵسҶ塣ͬʱսҶ屳󷢶˹һɫޣҲɱҶ塣
ҶûܣϢȻѪʢһͻ¯Ѫϯ˷
ȻҶһʧԭأһѪɫӰɱ˰׳˷ǰһ׳˷硣
һԵ˺ѵ쳹˷ľ
׳˷ɫ䣬æսֵľսϣһ𻨷ɽ׳˷ƺһʮ
һ˰׳˷Ҷٿתʸ䵽˺ǰһһ
һһ˲ͻ˺ս֮ϣֱ۾ҲʮţҶתббӽն£޶ʱľնء
նϹޣҶ弲˹ȫһ˹𣬶ʮʮһ׷һ
ҶֻʹʮһһΪֹǿһս̨ΪһͬʱʢѪԽɢɢս̨еѪ˸߿ա
Ȼʧɫæˣǳˣһʵ̫죬ʯ֮ͻؿڡ
˷׷𾪣һ徳߾ȻҶһɱˣֲĽ
ӱɱһõŵӳ׿ȫˣǰġ
СӸղſ϶ʵ׳˷һ
ڰ׳˷֮ʣҶӹڰγľתɱ˰׳˷硣
׳˷ҧӵҶ壬ʹɱõġɱһնɱѪݻߵâ
ҶľһѪɽѪɫâ
ʱ֪ʱɱҶ屳һظҶͷ­
ҶʩչӰٲȰ˼ɣɵıܿ˺Ĺ
׳˷ЦҶ壬ӵ£ѪסҶ塣
Ҷľһս֮ϣѰ׳˷˶ɵʮɵĸ߿ա
СӸղŹȻʵ׳˷ɵҲѾ׹ҶȽֵʱֻҲǧ
ʱҶһ˺ڿնٴɱ׳˷硣
׳˷ȣȫѪǣƺʩչĳ似˲ٽ
󣬰׳˷ӵɱҶ壬ʱս̨ϿղɱѪĻ䡣
ϵܣ㣡Ҳٽ˰УȫҶ塣
ʱ˼սս̨Ѫ
ϯϣԽԽ׳˷ͺȫ֣ȻҶѹסˣҼȫûлֻܱ֮ʵ˾㤡
żڣɫѿһΪôô죬ĸȻȹ̣
׽üͷҲ˼⡣
ߣΣʱذɣЦ
׽һЦûлɴĻΪ˽ʵ

ʱҶѾһ˺еսʧȥսȻˣǻǳˣҶѾһؿڡ
ѪҺɽս̨֮⣬֪
ͬʱҶʹˡ󾢡أ˼£һ˰׳˷硣
ʮʮ޳һһ޳ΣƮɱ׳˷ǰʱ򣬰׳˷δü㡣ʱ׳˷类һţҶľ˲䣬ɴ˫ۣһ׹ڵء
Ҷնɱɱ˰׳˷磬һзʵ̫죬˭Ҳû뵽Ҷնɱ֡
˵УҶս̨ϣϯϵߣЦӦѾͨڶ˰ɣ
ˣʼһ֣ϣߵĸԶһЩЦЦ¶֮ɫ
лҶЦЦս̨
Ҷս̨ʱ򣬲˺Ȼ
һ徳ߣֻ徳ضѣȻǿҲЩ徳ߡ
ûѾ似ӵ˼£սˣϧ徳ء
ǰһֿ徳ظ֣ҴҲμӱ

͵ԼʱҶѾ뿪˱㳡
ܿ죬Ҷ˻ص¥Ҷ˻ص¥ʱ򣬿ˬѾ˹
Ǭ󻹵Ȼ޸ģҲ̺Īҩˬµҩ󣬲ѵ޸ˣʵҲ˲٣ʱпͻƵ徳شԲ
ˬ֪ҶΪ˳𣬾ȻЩϧȻɱ˹
ˬ֮Ҷ岢ûлط䣬ȥٲ
ˮ̶еľʯϣҶ忪ʼʯŽм뾲ȴôҲȥ
¥ʱм뾲ڣѾǲָо
¥뵽˰ūǸŮǰūϣǡҲ֪ˡ
Ҷҡҡͷٶ룬뿪ˮ̶
ֱӻ¥ȥĪӡ
ĪƮֻֽҶԥƬֽֽ̣ȡûȡ̾һְֽ˺ˮ
Ŀֽ뿪Ҷת뿪ˡ
뿪ûжãһŮӴϿƮȻ£ˮϣֻֽ
ҵĺã㲻һ𣿱ﻹǹˡû뵽˾ȻǸŵӡԭҵĺϲŵӡŮЦˮ棬һʧ
ŮʧʱҶѾ¥ڴ˯ˡ


89 ȭ
س֣Ҷ뿪ľԺٲ¡
첢ʯģȭ
Ŵһּʼ˵һֵ˼徳ظ֣뾡Ϊңһ֣Ǹδޣ
ˮ׽ϴ蹦ЧҪԶڵЧáˮȭ޿ײˮĵˣֵ˲Ч᲻ã
ҲǲǰڻҰеˮ̶򵽵ġ
Ҷˮ̶ˮһʯվȡͬʱľͷųҩҩˮУһҶȭʱˮеҩͻᱻҶա

͵Ҷˮ̶ȭʱǸٻʢĽУһŮӴӺˮֽȡֽ
ֽŮ΢䡣
ʱˮƮֻֽֽȡֽٱ䡣
ʮˡŮѾںˮзʮֻֽɶûеõظŮ̾Ϣת¥󣬺Ȼתص˺ӱߣֵһֽС
һУŮת߻¥

ʱҶȻˮ̶
˿̵ҶȫѪ˷ӿˮһ͡͡ˮ
Ҷ岻ϴȭˮеҩҲ壬աʱҶڵĹֲѪǧ
ʳˮ̶еҩյʱѾԽǧ
徳ߵǧħˮɵİ£ȻĴޡǣڲ徳شԲҲ˵Ŀռ䡣
ȻѾԽǧӽǣõֺĻսʤ徳ߡ
Ϊ徳߳Ϊ徳ߵʱᷢɱ䣬ԽǧҲǧϡһЩոճΪ徳صߣɱﵽǧǧ
βμŴȵ徳ߣ϶ǸոͻƣǵѾﵽǧϡ
ҶЩ˱Щ࣬ڻһЩʱ䣬ԾֲС
ϵĲ࣬似ֲ
ҶĿһ͵һžʯһɳˮ棬ˮ̶һʯϡ
ɡȭʹԵ徳ߣҶҲԿȻʹȭҶҲýȫʹ徳ҲδĶ֡
ȭʮֱ仯ʽɱУҪѧʽɱУȻȰʮֱ仯ѧᡣ
Ҷתٲ̤ˮ͹ʯԾӵٲǰһʯϡ
վھʯϣҶתѪšȭܸ٣ڼ硢⡢ء㡢ϥᡣʵȽɶиѪʵ˳һ֮з֮ߣ̬÷Эͳһ仯Ī⡣
Ҫѧȭʮֱ仯μȭܸ٣޷ȭ
ҶϸĦȭܸ٣ͬʱŶֶȭɴչ
ٲˣԡȭʮֱ仯ϻٲϡ
ٲĳεȾˣʹҶֻȭͷṥٲ棬Ҳһӵĵһ֮⣬ҶµľʯǳԲͻ׹ˮУУѶ˲١
ȭЧȻܺãҲҪĪ
ʱҲѾʮֱ仯ÿȭ˺ѣڶ
ȭҶֻнһȭȻǧ
ؽ似ǵؽ似ʮֱ仯˾ˣʽɱǺεȿֲ
֪У׹ٲӳ죬ˮ̶ԡ
ҶֹͣȭںӰ˿ʯʼĵĵ
ʱǶ
ҶȻ޷м뾲ѿ̵һʯˮ̶Уȥ
ܿ죬ҶصľԺڴϺ˯
ڶ죬Ҷˮ̶ߣͨһˮ̶׽ϴ蹦
Ҷ׽ϴ蹦ʱħˮٴͷųҩˮ̶
ʱ󣬵Ҷˮ̶еҩʱѾһǧţˮ棬ٲǰľʯֿʼȭ
Ѿʮֱ仯ҪʣµĶʮֱ仯
ҶٴγС

ͬһʱ̣ǸٻʢĽУŮִӺֽоʧͲ⡣
ãŮٴΰֽˮУת¥󡣺ܿ죬Ĺ뷿ϣ̾Ϣ
ȻһЦ¥⴫ãûУ
ȸʲôŮֳӣ˵
ãΪʲôӣͲЦһЦ𣿡ĵٴδ¥
˵˵˾뿪ŮӵȻĮ
ãһں̫ˣҪҪҼ˸㡣¥ŮЦ
ٲߵĻͱҲ֮飡ŮЦϸһӶڲ
ҵĺã߻𣿡Ů˿Цȥ
Ů˺ˣϣƺۺۡ

ڰŮϵʱҶҲˣֻڻľʯϡ
Ҷ˼ʱȭʮֱ仯
ھʯϢƬֿ̺ʼ༸ֱ仯
ҹҶʣļֱ仯ֵʱʯ񣬲뿪ˮ̶
صʯݺҶʯϣȭܸٺʮֱ仯
ʮֱ仯ȭĻЩлɡʽɱСˡ
ȭǵؽ似ˣľʽɱУҶɹսȻ
ʽɱУֱ
ʣеһǿһУѶҲ𽥱
ȻǲǿӦһӦ㹻ˣ
ҶһЦ뿪ˮ̶
Ҷص¥ʱŮ¥һȻ徳ߣ徳أΪͣòġ
ҶķǰҶķš
Ҷɫ΢䣬˷ţǸ徳ЦҼС룬¸һˡ
С˭ҶĿһ
˼ҼС䣬ǿɲ˵ڵġ徳ЦЦ
ģûж⣬ҼСֻһѡһҲЦˡ
֪ˣģǲˣѰˡ㲻ǵĻǿȥ¼¼֤ʵǵݡһ˵
·ɡҶ建ڡ


90 ּɫ
Ĵ·£ҶܿһݻĴլģ󣬲ڹ
۵ûãҶһſڡ
ҼС棬Լȥɣȸˡȥ
Ҷ빬ݻ磬ƺĳŮ˵޹
޹и¯һߣѬ¯治Զһ޴ԡأԡɢ꣬ԡԱŴ󴲣ɫɴ֣ϵı֡
һŮ˯ڱУŮǲŵģҶֻܿŮںڵ㷢ͷķ۾
ŮˣҶͻȻϤĸоɫ΢䣬Ҳ֪뵽ʲô
Ҷסʵ֪Сʲô£
ϵŮû˵ƺѾ˯ˡ
Ҷûм˵˵ϣĵȴţѾµŮ˵ݡ
ʱ󣬴ϵŮֱӣӴϻ£ȻֻŰɫ£ǰʣ¶һĨɫĹ֣ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷŴϵˣɫȻ䣬ȴһ
ԭϵŮ˾ȻǺȵİŮӣûע⵽Ůƺ˼̬˼Į
ūҸղС˯һӲɣŮЦ˿˯ʣһѵ˯ˡ
Сķ䣬С˯þ˯ã⣿Ҷ嵭˵
˵Ůɴ£ƿɴ˴
ҶڿŮӣŮӾֻɴ£ȴȻƿĿ⡣
ɫˣСĸ˼ɫСĸʵǺȵİŮӡ
ӣ֪ūʲôɫӯӯҶ壬ҶǰȻһЦ
һЦʵ̫ҴżֽģҶǼᶨҲһңŮӾҶǰ˱ǣҶиԳ
ɫƼҶı飬һĨм
һ̣ҶϺȻ¶֮ɫɫ˿ҶȻԼвһ
ĪǸö˵ҵĻɫкȻҲֻԭҶŻ֮С
ھɫ˳ԾʱҶȻ˵С㣬֪ʲôûҪ£롭Ӧˡ
ɫ˿Ҷ壬ȻһЦӣĪūʲôط㲻ɣ
С㲢ûеңҺС㱾ͲʶҶĮ
ɫ΢䣬˷ĸ˼ǸҶȴû£ǳŭҲǳʡ
¼䣬û˵ˣҲǸ⣡
뵽ɫ̧׿Ҷ壬ЦӣԸūСһ
Ҷ˵ֹ̧˹ơ
ܿ죬ŮһŰƺƱȵȫ޹ͰڷҶ;ɫ롣һУŮȥ
ɫ˵ƣ̧׿Ҷ壬ЦӣѾˣūȸΪ
˵ţ棬һȫȵˣ˾ƺ覵ϣ𵭵ĺΣޱȡ
ȻҶǳɫˣһ̣Ҳɫ˵ò㵹
ɫ¶˵֮ɫһ̣ɫȻһ䣬Ҷ˲ָֻƽҶ廹ûԼϣɫиӲʡ
ʱҶѾ˾ƱһţҶѾƱصķڰϣ˵С㣬Ѿ꣬ûµĻӦÿ˰ɣ
ӣΪʲôôż뿪ɫЦūֲʲô̶Ѩ㻹ūҳ㲻ɣ
ɫ˵ĻҶ岻뵽˲ǰ콾ϿһĻ뵽ȻЦԵ˿²٣˿ͷ£ҵȻ¡
ӣūҲ˵ʲôūֲޣİ˳ˡɫ˽Ц
ߣʱ򣬳ҲֳܶԷ޳ˣǳ˵Ѫ⣬ôˣ¾ͲҶ˵ˡҶЦȻ޹š
վסɫЦ
С㣬ĪҲУҶתͷžɫˡ
̤ȥţһһӣòҪ˵ĻɫЦ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ǵ¼˵ڣүҲҪĸɡ
ʣɫڵĵλǱѰȨ
ҵ𣿡ɫ˺Ȼʵ
ûУҶش
Ȼūûе㣬ΪʲôϰѾƺߣɫ˾Ȼ¶СŮ˵ί̬֮ϧ
Ҷһڰ
ڵϵƣͨ˿ɺȲɫЦЦƱݸҶ塣
ҶԥƬֶ̣˾ƱƱһɲǣָഥһ
ɫˡߡ֣ٿҶ壬ûע⵽¶˵֮ɫ
һʲôˣ
ҶԽԽɻãžƱһʼȵڶ
ã㿴ϵˣӲġ
ɫ̧׿Ҷ壬Ц绨Խ⡣
ʱҶѾȵʮƣƺ󣬿žɫˣ˵Ѿˣҿ𣿡
ɫ˸˵Ȼź촽סؿڲס۸
Ҷ屾ʾɫôˣջסˣһ仰ҲûСӣ԰ūһæ𣿡ɫ˴Ϣţ̧׿Ҷ壬ݼ԰ס
ܰСʲôҶʵɫӣһЩ
ūҴСвÿηʱ򣬱ҩԡָܻ
˵ɫŸʵţϢ˼˵԰ūҰҩɢԡ𣿡
Ҷԥһ£յ˵ͷ޼½ҩԡǺ¡
ūɫǿԡء
Ҷȥ
ԡԱߣɫ˴ӻȡһҩɢݸҶ壬ЦӣҩɢҪԡÿ䡣
Ҷ˵ͷӹҩɢԡرԵߣʼҩɢ
ãֻҪĶҶҪɫҶ壬¶˵Цݡ
ܿ죬Ҷص˾ɫߣѾˡ
лӡȿȡɫ˵ţֿʼԣҡҡ׹
ҶûжȥԶҲ콾Ϸ¡
Ȼɫ˴Ŵԡȥ
Ҷɫһ䣬ץסɫ˵ۣϧĶˣɫͨһԡС
ɫƺˣ˶ԡУʧ˻֮¡
һ˲䣬ҶѾ콾ϿˣԡأֻѾɫ˱ˮ档
ոǱԡУҶͿ˻³ľɫˣûж룬ֱס˾ɫˣˮ档
ҶͷŻеľɫˣɫ˲֪ʱѾһ覵ݸѾյҶǰ
ɫˣҶĿⲻһ͡
ɫ˫룬Ȼĺ촽ǵҶ촽ϡ


91 ʧ
Ҷ屻ɫס촽ȫһ궯
Ҷܾɫ˵㴽ʱɫ˵㴽Ȼ뿪Ҷ촽
ҶȻоһʧ䣬ʱɫ˺Ȼɫˣ
ȻҶֻо˫һᣬɫѾӵԡϣӯҶ֪ɫ˸ûв
ûҶʾɫˣɫѾ˵鷳ˣ
Ҷӳԡأžɫˣо֮ɫѾ²⵽ʲôˡ
ɫûע⵽ҶȻҶ壬ɫȶ
Ҷ屾˦֣ԥˣԥɲǣɫѾ˴ǽԱߡ
ǽиңȶ棬סǧҪɫɫ
㲻ҳǺҴĺ°ɣҶ弥Цһǽڣʧ
ɫҶĻ΢䣬ãȻѾҵ¸ˡȻ֪ΣҾͲܾܾң
ھɫ֮ʣҶѾңҺʯҲֻ࣬ǿյġ
תűǽڣҶɫ΢䣬ǽȻ͸ģҲ˵淢¡
ȻһĵʧңôӣȻĸ
ʯᣡҶɫ΢䡣
ȻʯЦңٺ٣ղĸĪԡɣôҲ
ĵԽԽˡɫ˵ЦҲҡ
ĸźԡˣ
ţͨˮң漴صĴϢҲҡ
ЩҶ岻ЦжԾɫ˵ԽԽ
ȻһЦңҸ˺ö
Ҷɫһ䣺ˣ
ͬʱҶǰǽڷһ괩ǽڣҲң
Ȼһˣɫ䣺Ҷ壡
Ҷû˵ֻǿ꣬겻ǱˣǸղŸɫ˹ʯᣡ
͵ʯỹ˵ʲôʱִһЦҪҪֶһϴ
ʯ̱죬ҷκƺǳ֪
ʱ⣬ɫ˽ЦҵĶү㲻˵Ҵ˺ö𣿡
ϴٿҲ٣˴Ц
ͨһƺԡء
ᡭ⣬ɫЦ
ţŨصĴϢңžײ
ЩⰻȻʯȭͷɶ֮ɫ
ҶƽΪѾԾɫ˳ʧˡ˿̣ڲ²Ǹ˵ݣǸ˽оɫΪɫΪү˵Ǹ˾ڵү֮һ
뵽ҶԾɫ˵Ů˲ԼھȻֶŹ
Ҳ֪˶ãĴϢø߿չƽ
ֹ˰ʱ뿪˾ɫ˵޹
ˣɫ˵ңǿԳˡ
ʯɨһҶ壬߳ңҶʼ磬Ҳ߳ҡ
⣬ɫϵĳδȥƽ欺ġ
žɫˣʯʼ֮ĸʢȻʵΪʲôŵ
˵𣿡ɫЦ
һɫ˰ʯľˣʵĸΪʲôŵ
Ҷ忴һĻеģȻ˵û·ԸĻҾˣ
˵ţҶҲȾɫ˻شֱӳ޹ſȥ
ȻɫЦŴҶ壺ʯ᲻Źģ鷳ūҡ
ҶЦûɫ˵Ļֱ߳޹
ҶЦɫɱͲʡ
ʯһֱĿҶ壬ֱҶ뿪תͷžɫˣʵĸŵӵʲô
˵ܸʲôɫЦ
ĸ˼ʯǿЦ
ɫ˰Ѻ촽յʯߣЦڴϣˡ
ʯɫ䣬ɫλҪѿ
ʯı飬ɫе⣺ò˶áͻǰҵģ

Ҷ岢֪޹ڷ飬˿Ѿص¥
ص¥ҶܿͰѾɫ˵ˣŮˣҶҲ޷øС
˾ɫ˺Ҷѵ·ԡͰ棬ħˮɵתѪҩ
һҹҶ嶼ԡͰţϰٽȻ࣬ضᷢʱ䡣
峿ҶͿˬ뿪¥ϵһֵı㳡
㳡󣬹ϯˣϯǰһż䣬Щż䲻ֹǸЩ׼ģҲΪμӱ׼ġ
ûпʼ֮ǰμӱ˿żϢȻҶҲżϢ
Ĵ£ҶͿˬ˽ż䣬ȴűĿʼ
ʱ󣬹ϯѾ½˵ܿѾɽ˺ʯ콾Ҳˣ˸Եż䣬ȻҲۿһֱġ
˶ʱһ˱㳡룬ʯ죡
ʯո£ܿ죬һֱɵıս̨
ս̨ʮ߾ͣʱʯſڳˣЦνһֵ˹жʮʮ˱ٴһأһ֡
۷׷ף󲿷˶֪ʯʲô
ҶҲܺ棬һص׻ʲô
ʱʯڵս̨ߣٴ𶯣һƬƬذȻݣת˲֮䣬һֱʮ׵ˮغȻ֡
˶ˮء
μһֱˣˮ档ˮֻа˿ɫʯȻð˿ʯҳɹʯˮصİ˸ˣԲμһֱ䡣ʯ쿴ڳˣ˵
۷׷ף²ˮ϶Σգʯ϶ɡ
ؿʼ
ʯһֱĶʮɳż䣬УȻҲҶ塣
ʮ˼ͬʱˮУڳ˶ڹעˮأ²˭ȳ
һȴûй²˭ȳʯᣡ
ʯżڣż䣬һǾȻغ顣
ʯүغ˷׷
ҪɱһˡʯỺڡ
֪˭үغʵ
ҲǸŵӣǶľõˣҶ壡ʯ˵
غɫ΢䣬û뵽ʯɱ˾ȻҶ塣
ҵƣԵʮʯᵭڣһ˦һƷغ顣
ŴȽһүʬ塣
غסƣ˳ȥʯƣֵ߲ܳĹ涨Чˣ޼ɵɱˡ
ٺ٣һ˵ģ˭ҲߡغߺżֻʣʯĹЦ


92 ˮ
ˮ£Ҷ˸ոսˮУ˷ʮֻޡЩ޾ͺˮеһѪʢϢǿ󣬾Ȼȫ徳ϵޡ
Ҷָ罣һֻޣ޵ĺ
ͬʱʮŸҲˣеļеĳֿȭ޲ɱ
ЩУ߸˷ǳǿƣ־ͿԻɱһֻޣɱĶ徳ޡ
ѪҶ忴߸ˣĿһ߸ġѪ㡱
徳أѺʵѪҺµѪҺѾ̥ǵһ׶ΡߣʵǿٶҲ죬ÿһѪܶࡣ
һѪߵѪҺͻζζΪѪ㡱徳ضеı־
߸˾Ȼ徳ߣҶ岻Щ⣬һӱȷʵһ׵¡
ʱмѾ޵ľˮȥ
ҶĿһȭޣҲˮȥ
ˮ¾ȻмһҶҲ˹ͬʱ߸徳ߺʮֻҲŽ
ڣʯܲҶ崩һʯڣѰɫʯ䡣
ȻҶʯпһƴСɫʯȻʯ˵İ˿ɫʯ֮һ
ҶʯɲǣıһӰһĺף֮ˮڡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ʩչӰٲһ˼ɣܿ˵Ĺ
ܿҶĿһǸ޳꣬ѪʢҲ徳شԲ
Ҷϳǽǵɫʯ
ҶЦŵس꣬һ꣬һն£ˮڣʯҶˮݡ
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ҶľӵôܵסҶĹ
һشҶץɫʯǾʱһĶһסɫʯ
ûҶ巴ӦǻĶһɫʯѾʧҶǰ
Ҷתͷһʯﲻ֪ʱһˮͰִĺɫߣ̾ڵϣһСɽ
ˮߣҶϳߣ˵һ徳أԶʱˮҲǴ֮
ۿˮ߾Ȼ徳ޣɢġѪ㡱߸徳߻Ҫǿһ˵ˮ߲Ÿոɱ徳޶ѣʹˣˮߵʵҲǿӵ򣬽
Ҷ֣Ϊʲôڵ˻˿µ޷ˮ档
Ҷֵʱ򣬺ˮߺȻһ˦βͣ͵ĳҶ壬һ֮ǳֲʯҶʯеˮȫˮ
Ҷûħˮɰæʹˡ󾢡֣ǧ֮ʩչӰٲٿغ˼ɡˮߵβȻҶؿڶͳҶ塣
ȻˮߣҶ壬ͷųѪҶˣڻ𺣡
ҪҰɱ𣿡ħˮɺȻ
ãԿ徳޵жǿ
Ҷ˵ţչӰٲʯУԹһܺˮߵҧ

Ҷͺˮ߼սʱѾһ˴ˮзɳǴ
һݣӵս̨ϣƷһɫʯȻ֡
ǺǣãѾһˣʯЦ
㳡ϵ˶ʱ۷׷ס
ȻǴһʯ
ȻͻƵ徳ûãʾˣһͻƾӵǧһ֡
Ŵȹ涨μӱʱܳԽǧҲ´Ӧÿѹ
⼸ʵ϶˲١
û⼸ı䣬ضˡ
˵᲻Ѿͻ
Ӧòܣ²ǧ
ʹҲӦòԶˣ֮ŴȣӦһˡ
ǿδأսкݻҲлᡣ
ٺ٣Ƕˣǰˡ
쿴˳ˣ
ϯϵ˷׷׿ˮء
һˮзɳĸߴ󣬳
սУϯϵϳ˺ꡣ
սзɳˮصɲǣһɳ£ݣżϢ
ݣϳ꣬ĵӣʵˡ
ݺսһۣս̨Ҳȡ˸Եɫʯ
Ѿ˵õɫʯСĪͳ˶
ܴ磬ɵʯ𣿡СĪ۰Ͱ͵Ŀſˬ
϶ܣĪҪСİɵˬЦŵ˵ͷ
ûĪɱˣ缸ÿ춼͵̾ơЦ
˵ҡҸû͵СĪ죬ǳˡ
Ҳԣ˵ˡЦҲЦ
СĪ΢죬ûĹû͵
ʱˮ½ĸˣ徳ߣɫʯ
ֻʣһ˶ڴһᱻ˭õ
һżڣغȻЦߣСӿѾˣ
Ҷˮ棬ʡ鷳
Ȼˮзɳˣεҡҡͷ
˵ı飬֪ǲûеõɫʯ
ֹƬ̣½м˷ɳˮ棬һ⣬ûеõɫʯ
СĪͿˬ˿ʼżˣѾҪҶõɫʯֻϣҶ尲Ȼ
һżڣ¼ҲĹҶˣǵүʧһš
ʱ뿪ˮصѾʮŸû뿪ˣѾˮСֵǣֱڣһɫʯûг֣ȻˮС
ɻʱ򣬱㳡ȻˮҲ
ˮʲô˾ɡ
Ȼˮ潦ʮɵˮһ˷˳Ҷ壡
˿̵Ҷɫ԰ףϻв˺ۣƺһս
˵¶˳֮ɫˮµǿҲ徳ضѣ˾Ȼ˳ӣ
սкݵȻɫʯҲ¶˳֮ɫ
ˮص˹жʮʮŸĳһȴˣ˵֮ǺεСԣڳ˲Ż¶˳֮ɫ
쿴ʲôˮˣȻ˾
˶ˮء
ˮ淭һʮɳ߸ˮ棬ߵͷ­Ѿնϡ
徳صĺˮߣ
ڳ˷׷׾㤣뿴ˮϷ꣬ѵ뵽˵Ͼ¶֮ɫ


93 ǿδ
һ徳߾Ȼɱһֻ徳ޣҲѹ˻𾪣ʵ̫ˡ
ˮΪʲôкˮߣʯȻʵ
Զɵս̨ϣΪ֮˹棺شүǰڳֻⷢޣˮ߾һֻءˮ߲һֻޣԴˮˮء
ȥһ飬ˮûڡʯԸ
ʯķԸһˮأܿͷս̨棺شүˮȷʵһڣˮؾǴǸڽˮصġ
үպͺˮɱѾ徳شԲˮ߿϶˲вˮصġһ²⡣
ûһ徳նɱˮߣ²⡣
⼸Ļڳ˻ȻԭˮѾˣѹֻᱻһ徳صŵնɱ
뵽Ȼû˶Ҷ壬ȴҲղСˡϾҶɱֻһֻ˵ĺˮ߶ѡ
֪ˮѾˣղŶҶ֮Ķʱʧ˵ɱһֻ˵ĺˮ㲻ʲô
ҶֻЦûںЩʲôˮˣҲͲʹáˡû֪ˮʵǱӵ֮ɱ
Ȼʯ˵õɫʯϵս̨
ԣҶȰ˸ɵʯǰͬʱ̧һɫľɵս̨ϡ
μһֱ˹а˸ǸԳһǩǩдŰ˸֣鵽һǩˣǳ鵽˺ǩˣ鵽ǩˣǳ鵽ߺǩˣԴơʯ쿴Ҷ˵
սľ䣬ֳһǩ
ţݵҲǩҶ塣
ǩĽΪһĶǱ¡սΪĶҲΪġĶҶ壬ˣֱǱ껺
ճǩ˳ȱ֮ǴսУˣҶݡ
ǩϺҶս̨صż䣬Ҳ뿪ˣսֻ̨д¡
ݸߣ乭սì˷â¶кüŵӲڵ칭þеĶⲿ䣬˵ս츳Ҳӹɡ
Ʋǿƽֻ˵ƺû·
Ȼ칭õţսʤЩѡϯϵ˿ʼ
ЩѣǸûӮĿܣ츳ԱȼĴ콾Ķ֣
ûһλÿ·ǴĪˣ̫ǿˣԶˡ

۵ʱҶҲս̨ϵĴ¡
²ǴĶ֡Ҷ
ûл𣿡ľõ˿Ҷ塣
١ΪûСҶһЦ
ʱս̨ϵĴڣ㲻ҵĶ֡
˷׷ɫ䣬ǲ̫Щ칭õĻɫҲ׷һ䡣
ûн֮ǰ˭˭Ӯδء
²ŭЦȡ˱乭ҴӱͲгֻ˹ϡ
תѪֻ϶ʱʢѪ˲䣬ս̨Ѫ
˵칭õļҾվʮҺ䣡ڣȻƽȴźͰ
Է׷ɫ䣬Ŵȵһ˵İ
˵ģʮ֮ڣҲҪҪѱȱս̨
һЦڳһƣתѪ˶Ѫս̨Ϊ֮
Ϣ˭óֲδؼѾɱ֮
ಣಣಣ
ƿգѪɫ˴֮ٲ֧ȴȫ֮ľ룬ɲ֮䣬֧ɱ˴üġ
ԶԶȥ˶Ѫ֡
ȻˣȻָѪѪֺ֧ϡ
𾪵һĻˣѪȻ֧һ롣
˵ȻܰѪâֶѪĲٿֶΣֱ뻯
µɫڱˣѾûʮ֮ڱ˴±һЩѡ
żڣҶĿһȷʵǿղâǧ
ս̨ϣȡ˾֧һΣȻ֧
˵ǿǾ飬ˣ칭õŵӳһɱ˾ֻޡϯϣ˰ڴְľ
顭ҶȻȴּ֪Ŀֲż
ʱѾң֧˹ϣѪƣս̨¡¡
ϸһֻʸϵѪȻֻ
Ȼ֧ʸƿն˴춯صƿص㳡
ʸϵѪɫ񶯣ӿ˼ʸٶȣʯ֮䣬֧ʸ䵽˴ǰ
˵Ҫֹͣ·Թ˲Ǵһ
ۿʸڴϣں˰벽һ춯صĺƣѪȻ߰Ѫɫսնɱ˼ʸ֮ϡ
֧ʸȻ߰Ѫɫսն룬žž׹ڵء
ֻʸ˴Ϊסɲǣ˫ֱֱֿ̽ȭץ֧ʸ
𡭡
˺Ȼ˻ХȭͷͷѪȻѪɫͷҧס֧ʸ
꣬ϻҧ˼ʸţϻͷ˿˿Ѫɢ˷
һжڵʯ֮䣬ЩûӦ顱Ѿƽˡ
ҶżڣȻɫղŴõӦڵĲ֮צ֡û뵽Ȼ似
֮ǰʹõ似Ӧڵġɱơɣˬʵ
û似˽Ʒ벻ѾɣǴҲ̾
δ޵츳Ȼǿ󣡡
Ҷ


94 
һ
˶ս̨ϵ£Ѿʮ顱ˣʲôԸµûеƣֻ칭õ˺Լ֪
ҶҲܺ棬¾ʲôûʹֻߣѾûκɱˡ
ȷʵǿΪҲܰǾʹشˡ
Ȼӱĳì
˷׷ɫ䣬֪µʲô
ҶĿһѾµЩʲô
ʱѾ乭˱ϣһɫ޽Ҳ֪ʲô޵Ľ
˻ǲµʲô
Ȼ°޽˽£Ű޽һͷϡ
һкȻѳì޽ϣȻҪΪԳìΪ
ʲô˷׷׾㤡
ܵסһȻҲ䣡
´ȣȫѪǣһˣһ¯档
˿µĽƾȻѾӡս̨ϣս̨
Ȼȫһì޽ž춯صһ
ವһì˺ѿһ˴
һìֲ·ؼֻʣһ˳ìһжѾȻʧɫ
˰벽һȫѪһ˳ìѪݻ߰Ѫɫսܿ죬ߵһһѴִޱȵս
Ѫɫսٶնɱ˺ѿ˳ì֮ϡ
һ춯صľ죬Ѫɫսì˷飬Ѫţì˴ì֮ȻȴȻ޿ƥеơ
ûкˣǰ̤벽ȭѪһ̴СȭӡϺڳì֮ϡ
Ȼǿ
ڣì߸ȭӡɳս̨Ȼûк
ŴȵһѾûκˡ벻˭ܻǿƵĴ
Ǹնɱˮߵ꣬Ѿˡ
ˡתս̨
û˵תһݣһż䡣
ͬʱҶڵżڣˬͳ뿴Ҷ壬ΪҶ嵣ʹҶܻݣҲҪԴʵһҲûС
ǧҪǿĳ˵
ģҲǿġҶЦˡ
νһֵˣֻҶ徳أ˲Ĳǹ¡
ʹĻذɣħˮɺȻЦŴҶ塣
õ֣ûʸʹҶ崫ħˮɡ
˵ҲʹõֆħˮЦŴ
Ҷ崫ǱҲ͵֣ȻһΣ
˵ûĻһͨ˸סħˮɴʹͬӵˣҲδصס⣬ɵ̫Եͨͬס
˵󽣵֣󽣵ֵĹֲһ徳شԲҪޡ
ܴƾǲеģħˮִҶ塣
ڵĹ϶кõ似ʹˣҲı졣ҶЦŴ
˿̣սѾѪìõĺսѾɱս̨ϿգѪƮĻ
սеǾ޸õѪì
ֻսÿλӶ޸ѪݻһֻɫţţձۣüţǶһ֮£˺ѣ侪ˡ
ʩչսõġţħʮ似ˣ˵Ժ󣬿ݻʮֻԶţħ񷶼ԶƣҲᱻ̤
ţħһǶһƮͬʱһìѪʮɳѪɫӰײţϡ
һ죬ţħӰͬʱѪ·ս̨
ԽɱԽߣת˲ɱɵĸ߿գԶԶȥֻܿӰţħڰձߣײÿײ󣬸߿ն±Ѫ
˾Ȼ൱˭ҲûռϷ磡
Ҷ岻뵽˸йһսĺ죬ҲѪìõˣʵȴԶԶ޷ȡͬġìںУʮֹ
սкͺвɱ˰ʱڣսд䣬ս̨⡣
ؿһ˺ۣȻǱսеľ޸ˡ
ǿ´лս仰սתɻż䡣
Ҳתɻż䡣
ʱͱ껵ս̨ǵ䣬ǹҶݡ
˿̣ں༸ģûҶ
֣Сնɱ˺ˮߣʵȻסһѡ
û˵ˮ߱ѾˣСɱˮΣɱһ徳Ц
Сֻ徳ضѣȻնɱˮҲֵĶ֣һЦ
ʮ֮ڣһСӵġڻˡ
ٺ٣²ҪʮУСӾͻᱻżڵЦˡ
СԼЦˣûҶϾҶ岢徳ߡ

ʱ򣬱Ѿ
Ҳ˲ѪѾصż䣬ͬʱҲصż䡣
Ҷһأ˻һѪɫӰӵս̨ϡͬһʱ̣Ҳ˹ս̨ϡ
˴ҶݣϣҶ岢ûݣҶľȴˣ˸Ҷ塣˶룬һ徳ôܻһ徳ߣ
ʯ֮˲꣬ʯ컹ֻ徳صʱ򣬾ܹ徳ظ֡
⣬Ҳ徳Ϊ徳ظֵӣЩȻûе֣ɸš
˲ΪҶ츳ȴǿΪҶ츳Щǿ
۷׷׵ʱһżڣĴ콾֮һʯʯ죬Ц磬ݵıϾҪʼˣϧˣĶ־ȻֻǸ徳صŵӡ
ɱСҶ壬ɱһˮߣʯ쵭ЦЦ
磬Ҹղֲûɱֻ˵ĺˮ߶ѣʲôСֵġʯЦˡ
ʯЦ
ʯʯ죬üͷĪǴСӻӮ뵽Ȼҡҡͷһ徳صŵӶѣôԽ徳ߡ
οݿɲͨ徳ߣ似Ͳɱ鶼ޱȣ䲻Ҳš


95 
ս̨ϡ
ܰұ䣡ݴҶ壬ǴЦ
ɫ΢䣬û뵽Ҳѧ
ƴޣʲôԲѣ
ȻҶ建˵һ֮ڣҲܰʮ䣡
ԣ˷׷ɫ䣬Ȼݸһ徳߶ѣȻҲţĵʲô
սеĿһҲҶʵ̫ˡ
ãҵҪôҺʮݲŭЦͺЦ¡
Ҷ΢ûںݵļЦֻϺȻͷųʢ֮ѪѪ죬ǿޱȡ
оҶǿƣڳ˷׷ɫ䣬ҶͷųѪѾȫ徳ظ֡ҪҶûСѪ㡱ѾҶ嵱徳ظ֡
ĵ𣿡ЦĪΪƾʵҺʮ
Ҷû˵Ȼľʵıâ¶
ȻҶȻŵضʸݣ˺ͽһɷָ塣
ֽ֮˽׾Žڶ֮
ֻҶһɱݣľŷϸ緢˿ѪɫԶԶȥͺݣ˲ͷƤ顣
ۿĽɫ䣬תѪ˫ֽӡѪӿ۳ɰ˿Ѫɫʯǰ
ǧӡϳʩչ似似˽Ʒ似ɣǧѹʮ
顭
ɵĻ˰˿Ѫɫʯǵصݡ
˷׷ɫ䣬ȻǧӡҲסЩĹ
ɫ䣬ֺͬʱٴνӡѪ۳ѪɫʯһǶʮʯ
˱ΪӦܵסһ̣˵ɫͬʱ䣬Ȼٴλ˶ʮʯݡ
ͫһȻֺѾȫˣϽӡѪʮʯ𾪵ǣʯȻס˴󲿷ֽɻвٽʮʯ
˷׷ɫ䣬һҲ̫ǿˣˣͱѡ
ۿʣĽݺȻȣǰ벽һƻѪѪɫƣѹӭٵ

ƺٵײѪϯ˷ս̨ѪԶԶȥѾҶݵӰ˶ѾѪ֡
ս̨ϹӿѪ˺Ȼ
ղõĺǡơû뵽ұ춼ʹˡ
˵ɡơһأٽɵڶ˰ٽǧղݵƺǧĪѾ˵أ
Ӧò
ҶĽҲ̫ˣ˿Ҳѵס
ûЩĹʵ̫ˡ
Īǵؽ似ôд˵
ֻǸŵӶѣôѧؽ似
֮Ľʵ̫ˣҲԸ
˵ĬȻƺҲҶ彻֡
ʱս̨ϵѪɢȥ˷׷Ŀս̨ϵˡ
ѾʮҶ忴ݣ˵
˷׷ɫ䣬ݾȻıһбʮѵ֮ǰɱĺˮ߸ûˣɱ徳޵ʵ뵽˲һ徳߾Ȼ졣
磬Ŀˣδ÷츳ȷʵ
ʯżڣʯȻЦ
һսĻδػ䣬ϧ̫ˡʯ쵭һЦ
磬ȻˣӦûܴڲμɴȰɣʯȻʵ
ԣʯ˵ͷ
ʯͷ֮ʱս̨ϣ̧ͷҶ壬Ӯˡ
˵꣬Ѿתս̨߻ż䡣
ˣЦһΪСӻˣڿˡ
ô˵棬ˣĻֻѿҲЦˡ
ľõҲ׷Цˡ
ʱ򣬴սС˵սֿ̨ʼ˵ڶγǩ
սе˿ҶĿȫˣȻѾҶ嵱ǵĶ֡
Ȼûġδ򡱷
˭ȳǩǩҶˡ
սվ˳һǩ
ţ껺ʹҲǩҶһֱȵųǩ
˴򿪸Գ鵽ǩǡһǡġ˽еһ䡣Ҷǡսǡ˽еڶ䡣
ʤһ
ǩҶսжս̨ص˸Եż䡣
ͬʱս̨ϣ껲û뿪ΪǼ֡
ҲҰ𣿡껺ȻЦˣĺݣҲͨ
ܽвܵĻ䣡ڣȻš
ûгЦ껵Ȼ˵л껣˵ӵоԵš
żڣҶ˵Ҫڻ껣üһڴ뿴ʵ
ʱЦĳжӲסҲԩ
ܽУѾǸ֣һЦ͵ĵŵض裬껣һ£
һĳѪضΪ֮һ˷·𿴵һ̫һֻ֡
¡¡ս̨һȭ𶯣ɴ˿껴˿̿϶Īѹ
һʵ̫Եˣƺһ¾Ϳ껣޲㤡
Ϊ껻ᱻһʱȻһ˷һȭӭȥ
һȭѪȻһɳѪѪײ˴ȭͷϡ
¡һ춯صľ죬ѪĴ䣬ನɨʮ㳡𶯡
ѪɫѪȻһ飬Ѫͬʱ껾Ȼǰ˰벽ֺһȭѪ۳Ѫ˴
˭Ҳû뵽껻ǿƣȻ˴˽似ѪȭҲʹ˳
ãƼϲһƺ˳ԼѪһ죬Ѫһα򱬣Ѫ
ʱһɱǰתѪ˫ȭΣѪѪ˴Ʋɵ
ߣЦѪˣһϢ˾㤵ĵز
Ȼ̤벽һƺѪݻһֻѪɫ޻ռſ̵Ѫţ޻ɱ껣Х쳹㳡
ֻ˺Ѫɫ޻һͷײؿڣʱ߷ݰɳս̨
ʲôƷ˷׷ɫ䣬ڳˣȻûϵóȭ
ҶȻҲ֪õʲôƷ֮ƷԵ侪ˡ


96 콾֮
Ȼֻƾʹ껣ÿµʵ
껱ս̨ϯ˵֮ǿԶԶ˵˭֮⣿
Ȼս̨ϵĴ˰룺츳ˣĳɾͿ϶ضһ֡
ƺѾϰƽս̨صż䡣ͬʱȥҲ̧ˡ
ս̨˷ɵս̨ϣսкҶ壡
սе츳ͬˣսõţǱѹţķͷҲСҶ徳صΪһбʮҲ츳ˡ
Ҫ˲˭ӮĻ˿϶ԥѡսСΪսв徳ظ֣ǱݸӾ޵š
δʼǰϯϵ˵
˵ľõҶǸҶ嶼Ƿмţ
Ȼ츳ˣǷмϣӮĶֿսУ
²ɣսбϾ徳ظ֡
ϧˣҲ徳صĻҶ϶Ӯ
ûҶ콾֮ˣϧעҪս¡
ǰ˵սкʹйһսȻˣɴҲ˵ս֡
ܵõۣսȷʵǿ

Ѿ϶ҶܣӮĿ̫Сˡ
ͬʱʯżڣʯʯģӮ˿϶սУʯΪҶӮ
⼸żڣڵĵҲڴģ󲿷˶ΪսлӮ
غ鵱ȻϣҶˣΪҶϾʹлԼʯҲöֶԸҶ塣
ʱս̨ϣսЦܱʮǿҵĶ֣
ţΪ𣿡ҶЦҾͻ֪Ҷĳ˸һ
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սдЦȻŵسҶ壬һȭѪ۳һѪɫţͷײҶ壡
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Ҷղõǡȭʮֱ仯еһֻ֣һֱ仯Ҳ𾪡
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˷·ţ𣬷·𿴵ţڣҶȫţȺУΣڵϦ
ۿѪɫţͷײҶתѪȭ춼ȭӡȭӡţͷײѪ
ս̨ϿգѪ죬ս̨Ѫ꣬ҶսѪвɱսƲɵ
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ˬ˿Ҷ嵲סսеĹ˿·磬ȫ¶ϲɫѪڡ
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ҶȻסľһתսеüģľ֮ϱŷĽЩϸ緢˿ٶȷӵ˼£ǧͬʱսС
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սмʶнĿֲܣɽٶ̫죬֮£ֻһâȻһͷͿȴѪɫţ
ţײĽ֮ϣӴ嵲ס˽

ţѪͬʱЩĽҲ֮ʧ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ʲô似
һżзֵ似ţħԸû뵽ھȻǰʹˡսҶ塣
ţħ
Է׷ɫ䣬似Ʒ϶ͣĪ˽Ʒ似ɣ
սУȻûñʧսʹġţħ¶ЦЦú
ս̨ϣҶ忴սУЦҵ뿴ţħǿҵĽʤһ
δ䣬ҶѾһѪɫӰɱսУһǡ֮һ춼ϸ緢˿ĽͷƤ顣
սдȣ޸ʹţħѪһֻϢ׺Ѫɫţ뽣ײ
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սٴμ޸Ѫݻ˾ţҶ弲ľǧ˾ţ
ţٴκͽײ׷ױս̨Ѫš
˵ļս˷׷׵áˡսеʵôҶֻá̬ˡһ徳߾ȻǿͻƵ徳ػ˵ã
Ҷ콾֮ˣ϶һ콾˰뵽
ʱս̨ϣսеϢѾЩң֪϶Ϊʩչˡţħ̫Ѫ
˷׷׿Ҷ壬ҶûаƣӣҶӣһ
һ徳߶ֲ֧סˣҶȴûһ᲻
ǲ֪ҶչԪ־ҩԡǹˡ⣬ľħˮɣħˮͷųҩ籡Ĥ˽ϣЩҩϱҶգҶѪǳޱȡ
˾֮ʣҶһսеľ޸ϣսƺһĺ˼
֪սĵѪ̫ˣѾǰ
ҶŹᣬսУһ£һ֮ˡ
ս̧޸񵲣һ죬ľ˾޸ϣսƺһĺˣ̨
˷׷ɫ䣬벻սоȻ˻Ͽˡ


97 ս
սаˡ
˿ս̨µսУ˾ˣþ޷ƽϢ
ôܣôܻܣսõˣϾš
սоȻˣغҲ֮ɫ
磬ֿˡʯʯ죬ҡͷЦ
ҲˣеĸǿʯЦˡ
һ徳߾Ȼһ徳صŵӣʯɫ
ʯԲСӻȥҵ˵ȥǿ϶ĲңûΪ֮ǰɱԺûˣ
֮ҪҶأԭǾɫ˶Ĵ̼ɫ˾Ȼ˵һ֮Ҳܲ˵顣ԣζҪɱҶ塣
ʯγҶʱ򣬴Ѿս̨
ս̨ϣҶ壬ȻЦҿԸʱϢʱ䡣
ãھͿԿʼˡҶЦħˮɰеۡ
ҶĻ˷׷ɫ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
żڣ׽ЦСӱ䲻
ս̨ϣҲûϵҶ˵ûЦȻսУɻʸҳȫ
ҲҳȫҶ嵭ȻһЦƽȴȻ󲨡
һȻҶսУҲ˿ŶԣɱȲսС
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ЦȻǰһݣ˾ͺһѪ⣬䵽Ҷǰ
˷׷ɫ䣬Ǵʵ𣿴ٶ֮죬ʵ˷˼
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ĿԼδѪݻ߰սͬʱѪ֮ϡ
䡭
ѪкѪɫսײս̨Ѫ֣ѪṴ̃㷭ֹ
Ҷʹ׷׳Ҷһ˴죬롣
ǲƷӿֲûмǳֿȭԿҶ᲻ɴݵĽ档
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Ŵһĳ춼̴Сӡޱȣʯ
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ߣ˵ˣӮ˱ȻǴûʹȫ
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ߣѵҶֻ徳ضѣȻİˣҲһ콾
ٺ٣ûҶ徳صΪսڣѾ˵ȷʵ츳ˡ

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䣡䣡
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䡭
ͷͽײӰʮأΪߵ˼Ѫ
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һն˺ѵ쳹˷Ѫ⻪ս̨ûҲûҶӰ
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ûкˣȫѪǣӭȥһҶ塣ʱѪһСɽСӡѹҶ壡
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ۿһСɽȭӡѹҶתѪһնѪУȭӡ
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ͻХצһ̧˺ѪУɱҶ壬˽׾ŽȻûܵסͻʵҶԾ
ۿͻɱҶٴγ˽׾Žڶ֮
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ֻЩֶεĻذɣ
ЦռݣɱҶ壬תѪһȭѪֻͻ
ͻҶ壬嫣ϯ˷ڹϯϵҲоһս
ҶΣˣ
˰Ҷ嵣
ѾϢǸӵġ
ս̨ϿգҶЦӰһʮɣľѪɫֻˡѪС
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䡭
ײ쳹죬Ѫڡ
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ʱִƣѪݻֻͻձۣ۵糸ɱҶ壬嫡
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δδ޾ȻֵزʯҡͷЦˣЩΣʵ̫ǿƣҲ̫ˣ£ñҡ


98 콾
ʯʯ˵֮ʱս̨ϿգͷͻձڣҶ塣
Ҷһ˺˼ɣľӣ죬˾ͷͻ籩滨
ͻײ꣬ͻȻƴȴǼҶ壬ʳ嫡
ɫ䣬ĪҶҪ
ۿͷҶѪʢѪ𣬴˿̵ͺһƯڰյա
ȻҶʩչӰٲӰѾ˾ͷͻǰһ
һѪ죬ǧϼҫ˻ϣҫ֮
ѪȻݻһʮɵĲʮգɱͷͻ֮Ѫӿ
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䡭
Ѫɫ߮ɨ˷ͷͻ÷飬Ѫ
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֪ʱ㳡֮⣬ӰƯĿű㳡
ˣ
Īǵؽ似
ܣӦֻǱȽ϶˽Ʒ似
츳ˣ
磬ĪΪͽ
ǺǣҵգϧѾĿˡ
ʯҵˡ

⼸̸֮ʣѪɫѾɱ˴ǰ嫣ѹˡ
һ䣬ˣͬʱ˾ƣѪֻ˾ͷͻѪɫ
Ѫɫͷͻս߿գѪƮѪ꣬ʹҶʹѪС
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ֽҶĲֻ࣬ɽԾ£ףͨ˸ֵסУֽĹױȣʮʧɫ
𣡡Ѫɫߣٴɱ
һ˲䣬ؼƺֻʣѪɫ
㲻õ֣ҲϣЦתѪִˡ컢ơ
ʱ嫵ѪһͷͻձۣɱѪɫ
顭
Ѫɫͻײ֮ɫ䡣
ȻѪɫ˺ͻ춯ص˴
һзʵ̫죬˸û˱Ҽˡ
ۿѪɫɱֻ̾õˣ
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˶Ҷ壬ҶĽǺܸˣӵе֮ˣûʤ㡣
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˾֮ʣɳԶĴסΣ̧ͷ𾪵ĿҶ壬
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⡭˾ɡ
ȻҶϢǣԻ˶һɫǡ
𾪡
ܾȻˬŴͣš
Сôʯɫѿ֮
徳ضѣȻ;ʯҲˡ
ȻˣҾ˵ˮôйֵϢԭʯĿһ
Сʲôʱѵ¼Ⱦϲ
ݵ𾪺˺Ȼ룬ʲôΪʲôɫ
˾֮ʣս̨ϿգҶʩչӰٲ˴ʹȭһȭ
Ѫں˻֮ȭӡݿѹ
һɱȭȭӡں֮׹硣
һ춯صıȭӡȭӡײನɨ˷
ţҶʹٴζԺһȭƺһʮɡ
ɫ䣬ҵֹˣȻסҶ
ȻҶɱ˴ʹ컢ơѪںϵ֮ͻͻȫ׹⣬Ҷ塣
Ҷߣһȭͻͷ­ϣͻܲסֱ֮ӱѪ
ûȴзӦҶѾɱǰһȭ
꣡ƾʯصţ߷ݣս̨֮⡣
ˣܵú
뿴ս̨ϵ꣬˷Ʊˣ˫ͷųļµĹâ
֪ΪΣв֡콾
ôܡֳӣҶ壬һֻ̣ӣ


99 鸣
Ŀս̨ϵҶ壬Ͼ֮ɫû뵽Լ䣬Ըˡ
ǰ˵ĻȻصУһҰ꣬Ҷĳǰʲô
¶˿ɬЦݡ
ȻһӰһżзɳս̨ϣ˾Ȼʯ죡
ŴѾһҶ壬ͰԪʯ콾֮λУӽ쿪ʼҶʽΪڵŵӣʯЦ
ɫ䣬ֻŴȶѣҶȻŵӡ뵽ҶӵҲȻˣһӵˣôܻŵӣ˳ҪүΪ״ӡ
ȻʯЦʮ󣬽һֵİ˸ȫ㳡ϣʱǿԸŵһͬ鸣ء
鸣أ԰Ľ
鸣أҶüͷ֪鸣ʲôط
ˣŴȵΪֹҶ£˶ˡʯЦ
ԣϯϵΪȥˡ
½˳ʱʯ쿴Ҷ壬ЦԪʯһ͵ľãŵӵƣƣǿ似󡣡
˵ţʯһӣһƷҶ塣
Ҷֽסơ
⼸ȲҪ뿪ҹųǣΪ鸣ϾҪˡʯЦ
Ҷ˵ͷʯй鸣ص飬ǾʱȻЦû뾲ҶҲûУ뾲Ǹ˭ѧģ
תͷŴҶЦҸ˭ѧģƺûбҪ˵ɣ
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ʯ̾Ŵ˵Ƿںţãеʱһá
˵ţʯҲȥˡ
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Ҷ岢֪ʲô˿Ѿ߳˱㳡ˬȫڳڴ
Ҷ壬ľõ˼ѣҲû뵽ľõ˾ȻܻŴȵһ
ΪҶףʱ򣬼˴ӹ㳡߳Ϊ֮˾Ȼʯᣬʯغ
Ҷʦܣһ콾磬רΪأϣʯḺֶЦЦ
ʯ˵ҪΪҶأľõ˸ӼĴ콾֮һҶ壬ǵȻ
Ҷ֪ʯûʲôģܾɾʱʯȻòҪܾߵ˿»鷳ɱߵˣѴ֮
ɲǣʯѾЦŴҶ߹
תͷʯᣬҶһĨɱָֻܿƽ
ˬ˸ûע⵽ҶıЩԣҶȻ߿ˬˡ
ҶʦܣǲΪףˡһľõЦ
ϲУףˣСôôһЦ
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Ҷ忴ľˣҲ¶Цݡ
Ҷ˸ϻ¥˲ʳΪҶףЦ
ʱףŽСĪ˺ܶƣС˵ġҶԾǣкСĪƴƵ궼ˣСĪȻЩ̬ȴȻѡ
겻ž̳СĪߣƴ
գֻ̳ڿסž̳˵ϣ̳ˤˡ
ʹĴ󺺽СĪƴƣû⣬ȫˡ
ˬҶ˵СĪȻûֻգŴ۾ʣµˣȲ
ˣʣļæҡͷ
ȼ˷׷״Ц

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콾ϣһ·Ҷһ⡣ҶǳϤʯ޹޹з֡ȭġ
ʯʲôҶһ
ȻǸҶ˵صȣˣǱ콾
ಣಣಣ
ɫӰԶҶߣľȻ徳ҶѾǻѪԲһѪʢ֮ںҹԵøҫۡ
ô콾ЦͬʱսնɱҶ壡
˶徳شԲնº󣬵âݺᣬҶ˶˵âС
ҶľɨѪ죬ѪɫζѪ
âն˹ڵѪϣţ뺣ʧ١
ɫ䡣
ȻѪɫ𶯾ζһ嫣Ϣ
ѪɫϵæˣͬʱսնɱѪɫͷ­
һ춯صľ죬ѪɫսײߵѪ⡣ƺһõɳȥ׹ڲԶˮУ֪
ͬʱһߣҶ岻֪ʱѾͷųˡսȻѾҶ顣˿̣еսֻʣ˵ѣѾٳΪˡ
Ҷͷų˻ˣսܲסĹᵲס
ʱ˴ԶȻһڵϣ嫵Ѫϯ˷籩
ͻȻҲһȻغ飬˵ϢҲǿҲߣ
ͬʱ֣ȻҶӵлҲҪޣ
ȻغӵԶˮԣѸղˮˮ档˭Ҳûע⵽غѪ⣬һѾԹȥڣʧ
һкغҶ壬ȻЦô콾Ȼɱˣôĵӣ
ҶĿһѾ֪ʯᵽʲôˣʯҸڳԼʯǵ죬ȻڶԼ֡
ץغ鿴
˵ͷȫѪǣɫ̫һ㡣
Ȼ𣬼ìɱҶ壬ì֮Ѫƣҫ֮
ҶĿһݣˣٶ죬ȴ첻ߡ
ۿìɱҶʹȼѪһѪ죬һ޴ѪС
һ춯صľ죬Ѫײڳì֮ϣìܲס֮˲飬촷ۡ
ڳ˷׷Ȼһ徳߾Ȼסֵȫһʵڷ˼
ȼѪϿֲ˶ãغЦҲսɱҶ塣
ҲЦˣȫչѪӡһɽѹҶ塣
ҶٴʩչȼѪһѪ⣬𣬱ֵܿΧ
׷ȥغЦһŵضضΪ֮𶯡
Ҳŵض𣬻ѪɫҶ塣


100 
Ҷ壬غȳ֣ӡѪһ޴ѪɫʯѹҶ壡ͬʱҲ֣ҲͬӡѪ۳ѪɫʯѹҶ壡
˶ףʩչĶ˽似ǧ֡
ҶȼѪͷų˻һɨ콣Ѫɫ߮ʯ
ҶûҶѪ̺Ż֮ʹҲҪ֮
ҶһԼĹغ˷׷ɫ䣬Сӵʲô̥ȻԿߣ
ȫҪСӺȥˣ䣡غȻЦ
ԣ˵ͷ
˼ʱ콾֮ѪɫӰת֮ͳҶǰ
ŮˣģһŮҶǲǰȥɫ˸ϵ
СǴߴˣǸŮ˿Ҷ塣
С㡭غŮ˵Ļɫ䣬ȻЩԸ
ôѵΥСǸŮ˰
ңСҵΥغ˻֣̿ٴĵӣҲҵǸС㡱
¸߰ɣǸŮ˸Ҷ˸ۣתߣŮ˽
ҶĿһȥ
ŽʧԶҶˣغɫѿһ徳ظ֣ȻûҶкɫ
ȥүغת콾һ߽󡭡
콾⣬мǸŮ˻ͷҶ壬ЦСҪת㣬ѾʯᣬԺ鷳϶СϴӦСһҪ󣬴СԱ֤ʯԲ鷳
ҲҪһŮ˰æҶЦ
С㻹˵𲻴ӦҪ㶼ȥһ棡ǸŮЦ
ҲȥأҶЦˡ
㲻ȥԣС취ȥġ΢٣ǸŮЦС˴ľõˣ㲻ȥСĻӦ֪ʲô
вңҶǳĮ
в㣬ЩǴСתĻŮ治ɫ潿ġ
ҲϲвҶľõˣһڣҶЦתߡ
ȻŮ˽е㲻ߣ
ΪʲôߣҶͷŮˡ
ͲСҪ𣿡ŮЦ
룡Ҷ΢
Ӧ֪ҪǴСĻ޷뿪콾˵Ļ͸ȥСһ棡Ů˺ȻЦ
ãҾ͸ȥһ棡ҶĿһմӦˡ
㻹ˣŮЦת·Ů˽
Ҷ岢ûϸȥȻħˮɣȻȥ¥Ըľõˣɱ
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Ӧ֪¾֣߳ҾԲ£Ҷ崫ȷʵ˿̵ֶξҲκβ
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ħˮ˵ʱֻľһīɫĹâҶ廳СҶʱооȻһƬҶӡ
ҶӽҶħˮɲٿľһ߿ա
ҵҪʲôĿľߺҶ忴ǰŮˣȥ

Ů˺Ҷ뿪콾ûã¼ȻҲʯ콾
ԭ¼ȥ¥Ҷ壬֪Ҷ콾Ͼ͸ϵ콾֮˴æĸϵ콾ΪʯĸҶΪͽ
ʯĸҲүҲпܿҶ츳ӶҶΪͽ
һţڵүǸΪ״ӣһ¼ǳԲʯĸҶΪͽ
Ҷֻүĵӣ
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¼С㣬ǰĸеˣڶ춼Ե޹ˣ¡ֹ
Ҫ¸κˣȥС㣡¼˵ţѾһѪɫƿշߡ

¼ȥҡС㡱ʱҶѾ˾ɫ˵ĸϡ
ȻǲǰǼ޹Ҷ޹ʱ򣬾ɫԡԡ
ˮˮĻˮζɫԡеİʯϣҶ塣סĴ󲿷ֻֽ¶Ƶķ۾ʹѩǰɫĹֳջ
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ЦӯӯĿҶ壬˫ˮȻҲҪڻ
ҶǳŮˣҲòϣŮȷʵ˵Ůӣû֮һ
޹ںܰҶû˵ɫҲû˵
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ҪĨˣҵʲô£Ҫ󵽵ʲôҶ˵
㻹ļɫЦ޹˼ɵĴˮֱӣѩ׵ȫҶǰĺҲ覴á
Ҷȫһȣܿѹסĵ궯
ɫĹâ̧һ٣޹ڵԪȻԡԱߵȹ˹ȥ
һĻҶͫһҲû뵽ɫˡȻǸܣ
Ҷ𾪵ʱ򣬾ɫѾȹԡϣ˸ճԡ˵޶ˡ
ҵҪǡԶңɫʩʩȻҶ壬Ц绨
ô࣬ƺһοֻǸŵӣҶҲЦˡ
ǲһ
ɫߵҶǰָҶԳЦֻҹȵģֻҪڣҲȥˡ
Ҷ˺󼸲žɫˡȡЦһתſȥ
վסɫЦ
ҶҲЦſڡ
Ȼ̧һӣԪһԪǽҶǰ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ֶܵ
ɱ㣬ѾˣЦߵҶǰ
ǿδأҶЦˡ
˾ǰܣ֪Ͷ·ôӲЦ
ҶЦħˮɵҶڣδ
ֻҪūҾͲپ㣬㿴ΣȰַҶʵϣ̧Ҷ壬̬


101 ȵʵ
㻹ȥ˰ɣҾͲˡҶЦ˰벽ʹùȰŵֶʱա
ĲӦ𣿡ȿҶ壬Щ䡣
ҶЦԹȳ֮⣬Ҳû顣
ҶϿ֮ɫЦһΧȻֳĺڵ㡣Щڵ糾ǧҲ壬ѹ˶Χ޹ʱϢ
ڵ㼸ϣγ˰ķģƮ۳ķĴ
ţԪȻŷľ£ȥת˲֮ͻԪߡ漴Ҷ֫ϣʹҶʱ޷
Ҷ𾪣ʲôֶΣʵû뵽ȻʹħˮɵҶʱѾˡ
ҹȳô󣬻ûеòĶҲ⡣ЦʩʩȻߵҶǰ
ҶûпȣĿŲסĴߣ¶˾֮ɫǿ󣬿ʮﲻֹȫ޷
㲻˷ˣΪʮҲѲҵġ󡯡ȽЦ
󣿡ҶиɻĪһݻɵģ
ΪʲôҪܾңѵҲƯ𣿡ȺȻЦʵ
Ҷ忴ŹȣЦҼŮ˵Ưġ
ΪʲôҪܾңЦӯӯĶҶ塣
ΪʲôӦñҸɣҶЦ
ԭǳԴˣȽЦָ̧Ҷ
Ҷ忴Źȣû˵ΪѾ֪˵Щʲô
ЦЦ˵üȻһЦҲ˵˭Ҳ׼𣿡
ȵĻҶŸо޹Ȼˡ
С㣬¼С˵˾Ȼǹȵ¡
˵ȥü΢
˵һˡ˵
ˣɫ΢䣬Ҷ壬˵ҵ˭
С㣬ҵ˾ǸղŴλӡ˲ֱҶ֡
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ľõˣ¼С㼸Ρ΢٣Ҷ弥Ц㲻ҪÿŮ˶øһ¼
ԴŭžһҶһĶ⡣
ҶǵѪȻżЦ
ЦȻתͷ޹˵ȥԺԶߣ
ǣС㣡˵ȥ
ͬʱתͷҶ壬Цһüͷųĺڵ㣬ģγɡ󡱡Ԫһߣ˵ҶϣסҶ壬ҧҶıϡ
ҶɫȻһ䣬ͷ亹ֱ
ʱϵֿʼҧҧĲϡͬʱ֫ϵҲˣҧס֫ѪҺɽ
ҶȻʹޱȣûг
ҿֶܼáҪǰģȽЦ޹Ц

Ҷĥʱ¼Ѿ뿪˹ȵĸլ
¼ոţһ˾սӭ˹
ȥȣ¼սԸˡ
˵˵ͷսʻԶС
С㿴ϵˣʯҵϵûл·үڣֻܾСˣϣü¼ϳ˵֮ɫ
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ɽٻʢ׷ɣ磬ϼεɾ
ľĻСƬ̣¼ԶУһֵ¥
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СץүصǸˣ¼ŰŮӡ
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ӦҵҪҿһЦĥҶ壬ƺʹǳġ
ҶЦˣȻż
ҧҼҧЦؿڲסƺǳ
Ҷϵ߰ͷҧҶϣѪҺٴηɽ
һҧҶ廳еҶϣҶӶʱͷųīɫĹâȫɡ飬ķģţֱĺڵ㡣
ҶӱһҶ廳зɳʮɳնɱ˹ȣ
һնֲ֮޹Ϊ֮𶯣Ԫң籩޹ж촷ۡ
ƷҩҶӣȻʧɫˣͬʱüٴͷųĺڵ㡣
ڵ㻯ķģĹһԲδƹϲɣڹǰתͷų貵Ĺâһȵ̫
һľ죬Ҷն˴ϣ󱻴ȻһĺҶӡ
һĻҶ𾪣ȵʵ֮ǿֶ֮죬ʵһ
꣬ҶͷųīɫĹâ麮ٴնɱ˹ǰĴ
䣡ҶӵڶնУķġ
Ҷɱ˹ȣ֮īɫҩ㣬硣
ߣһƬҶӶѣҲնңЦͷһ޹Ưķľ£γһ󡱣Ԫ󣬻һʮɳߡ
ζɱħˮɵҶӣҶӺɱ
ȿҶ壬Цһüͷųĺڵ㣬ڵ㻯ķģγɡ󡱡ԪݻһߣӵҶǰβһ˦ͲסҶ塣
Ҷɫһ䣬ߵʵ̫󣬼ʹʩչȼѪҲѲ


102 ɫ
Ҷ屻סʱ򣬹ȵüٴͷųɫԲ㣬ģ󡱡ԪɱħˮɵҶӡ
һΧҶӣԪ޹Ϊ֮𶯣ҡҡ׹
Ҷƺһ񱩵ԪɳɣڵأʧѪ࣬һײڵϣͻ˹ȥ
Ҷͷųͼûϵߡ߽Ӵ˲飬ֻʣġ󡱷ģߵĹǼܡ
Ҷ𾪵ǣٴԪݻһߣһҧĲϡҶĲҲסһҧºߵͷ­˲顣
ߵͷ­˲䣬ҶĻҲ֮ĻǺǿߵһҲǳصġ
Ԫ˲γһͷҧҶĲϡ
󡭡ʲôҶɫ԰ס
Ҷ屻ҧסʱħˮɵҶӾȻҲ߲סˡ
һһϹ뵵ıƿɳƿ⻪סҶӡ
⻪ɢȥҶѾʧֻʣߡͷһ߱ĺڵüġ
һĻҶɫһ䣬ȵʵ֮ǿȫ󣬾ȻħˮɵҶӶˡ
ҿˣϾȻħˮɵҶӡЦһУ߹Ҷɵ˹ǰ
СˣƬҶӣʲôطõģЦӯӯĿҶ壬ָҶ
Ұ󣡡ҶЦ
ǲȽЦƺûлҶĻ
ҶЦ
ղ֮Բң̵ؾƬҶӰɣ㻹ʲôЦղ˵ĻȻҵĻһһ
ҲأҶЦ
Ӧģ㲻ĻȰ촽յҶߣЦʲôãΪʲôҪѡҵá
Ļδ˵޹ȻЦһ˶ѣȻҲң
С㣬С˵

šִ޹һŮ޹
Ҷ̧ͷŰŮӣ׻˲͡
ͬʱתŰŮӣȻһЦãôп
ȺŮӼֱһģһ˼ͬһģӿ̳ģֲ
˷ˣŮӿű߹ţƯڰеҶ塣
ãǲΪˣԴˣȿЦ
ŮһЦδòҪ
ãǰôû֣˵ѵĹȻҲôȽЦϾǼ֮ɫ
Ҳʲôϰ˷ˣŮЦ
ʱҶڴӴѹ˿Ůӣֿ˿ȣƺʲô˺Ȼ࣬ϸ¶Цݡ
ЦʲôȿҶ壬ЦǲΪˣЦˣ
Ҷɫ΢䣬˵ŮӺȻȣˣ㵽ʲô
ʲôҶЦѽˣҲˣʲôԵ𣿡
㡭Ůӽסɫףĺ˼㲻ȡ
Ůʹı飬ҶһȻŹȣŭ
ԭҲʹȿŮʹ࣬Цĸӳ졣
Ͷ˵ֻѣΪʲôһֱڻŮӿŹȣҧ˵
ߣ򣿡ЦΪ㣬ҲھаûϵǻŲ֪͸ıһֱ᲻á
Ůҧź촽
Ҽ޸ʱ㻹СҲ𽥱ˡЦǸŮˣῴʲôΪ㣬Ҳң
Ů˼ѣ˵ϡ
Ҷ忴ŰŮӣкȻһʹ
Ų֪һΪһ󻭳˾Ȼ㣬Ϊϵ۽Ƕ˿룡üһģһΨһͬľ۽һ롣
ԽЦԽȻȣҾҪڣʹˣҲҪڣҲϹˣҪ֪ҹȵ³
ˣʵֻ㡭Ů̧ͷŹȡ
ߣЦʯ˭Ȼĺҵĺðһ˽
Ůһ䡣
ˣҶȻЦ㲻ҪΪ¼ҽڣ
˵ʲôŭҶ塣
˵ղ˵ЩȫΪ¼ҽڶѣҶЦ
ЦץҶĺ
ȻŮӵסҶǰһӭȥһ죬ԪȺͰŮ
δ㲻ɱŮ˵
ߣЦԼ˶ҳϣȼЦ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ŮЦתһҶϵߣߺȻķġ
ţŮץסҶĸ첲һ޹֮⣡
ȻĻ㴹䣬󣬷ס˳ڣס˰Ůӵȥ·
Ҷ𾪵ǣŮӵüҲͷų˺ɫԲ㣬ڵ㹹ɷģĻ󡱣Ԫ󣬻ߣײ˳ڴĴϡ
һ죬ķġ
ವһŮӴҶ˳ȥٶ֮죬˷˼
ȱ׷ڴķĺȻˡ󡱣Ԫߣɱ˹ȣ
һأƮʮɡţüͷųڵ㣬ɷģһԲδһߡ
¡
ײڴϣͷų˲䶳ᡣ
꣬߷飬ıͬʱԲδҲķġ
ҵĺãΪ־˲١ȿ޹⣬

ʱ򣬰ŮѾҶ˺ȳڴ
ҲûҶ壬ŮӾͳźȥͬʱĮ˵ţ¼Ͼͻ
ū𣿡ҶȻʵ
ԣŮӽһתҶ壬ʵ㡭ղŽʲô
Ҷɫ˵һŮӴӺ߳ЦҶ壬ҪúллС㡣
Ů¼
¼֣Ҷɫ΢䣬Ů¶һ˿֮ɫ
ŮȻָƽ¼Ц¼ãҾӦõģϾδ򣡡
˵¶ʧ֮ɫ


103 
Ůӵı飬ҶɫȻ䣬ȴѾ֡
ȻԶһŮӣŮӿŰŮӣ밲С㣡
ŮӵĻŮŻعŮЦŵ˵ͷ
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СʹСĹϵȷʵá¼̾ûж˵ʲô
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츣Գһ磬汦ҩڶ࣬鸣ؾĶ츣֮һ¼ЦЦ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ȼ֮أԶ츣غ
츣غأΪԳһ磬Խ붴츣ص˻ܵѹơЩ츣ؿ԰ߵΪѹƵ徳أеѹƵҲеѹƵ¾¼ֵ
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ѾһͽµĳѾ޷⡭˵¼ȻЦˣ
Ҷ̧ͷһǰȻүϹҫۣ磬һϵ𺳡
¼Ҷܿͽһ輧裬󣬶֮
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Ըңѵʲô𣿡ʯЦЦ
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ҶɫҲˣ֪Լͷųʯ幵ӣȴû뵽ӳ̶֮󡭡֪ϡкǿ
ôҶֵܣѵ㲻Ը𣿡ʯЦ
ӽҾүܣҶЦŶ˾Ʊ
͵ܣΪ־һʯ年Ц̧֣һ˰ѾƱС
Ҷʯһ

ʱҶ뿪үս¥뿪ʱѾ峿һҹ˺ܶ£Ϊ첻ϢҲν
үôǣҶȻ̾Ҳòүǣ˵ֶȷʵǳ
ľڵ˵ӵл˷ǳϡ٣ûӵлˡҶʱףʯΪʲôԥΪˣɾӣ
ҶӻȡһƴСƤƴӡ
ʯ͸ģǬ˼壬ǬԴƷȻʯû˵Ҷ֪Ǭ϶ǳ󣬶޼֮
Ϊǰ¼ѹǧҪñ֪ӵǬ£д鷳
֪Ǭ𣿡ҶȻʸϳߣүˣҶ岻֪ԼӵǬ
ˣǬ޼֮ǧԪʼҲδõма߷ǳĽЦЦ
Ȼ֪ǬܹأҶ廹ǲɫ䡣
ʯҲֻʮֻǬүֻǬʵǴһżġ˵ҲÿүʵˣǬˡ
Ҷ忴еǬүĺء
ˣǧҪСģ֪ǬߺȻѡ
лһСĵģҶЦЦǬ뻳С
˵䣬սѾʻ¥ſڣҶս¥
ܿ죬Ҷͻص˷䣬ոջص䣬ľʹӷһĽʡ


104 ʦ
ұȥ㣬ȴѾǰ˾ˡľдħˮɵЦ
㲻˵ֻҪҴƬҶӾû𣿡Ҷû˵
ұľסԸû̽ǸŮ˵ΪɲܹҡħˮɽЦ
ȵˣЩֶʵ̫ˡҶ¡
ֶι죬ªţħˮɱӵŮ˿ǸʦˣǸҲʦ
ʦҶɻ
Ųֲֹ֪ϵеϵħˮЦ
ϵҶɫ΢䣬ȻϵȻϵֲϵϵϵϵ֮⣬Ȼеϵ֡
ϵֵֺֽ֣أڵ֮ڣʶ֮Сħˮ˵Ҫֵ֣ʦͷʶȻǰӵ֣ʹͷʶҲûá
ͷҶȻ˹Ⱥ͹ūüͷųġɫԲ㡱ЩڵϢ
ʦʵֱΪʦ
ħˮ˵ʱľкȻɳǧԪʯ
Ԫʯڵ棬ȻһĴ飬ȫԪʯɵġ
ֻ򵥵ķѣȡһпħˮɺȻԸ
Ҷ˵ͷһƺӽС
¡
ƺոУ˲ʹ˴һʱȼѾƺճ˻ҽ
Ҷ尵Ծ󷨵
ԪʯֻСѣʦǵͷȡԪʯͷô󡣡ħˮɫ
ҶȻ˹Ȳõġ󡱣ǸӦþͷõĴ
ͷסԪγɷģԷĹƣˣԪʯõĴǿħˮ˵ԣʦǳ£һʦԶսͬߡ
ҶʶȵĿ£֪ħˮ˵ĲǼٻ
ͷ֮⣬ʦԲٿɱСԣܶ߶ԸʦЩһǳѲħˮҲЩɵ
ʦӦòɣҶ²⡣
ʦȷʵϡ٣սˣʹ࣬Ҳͷۡħˮɻش
ǰҲԹʦĿҶЦˡ
ȥһطһȺʦͱ󷨻ħˮ¡
һȺʦҶ뵽þ㤡
ʦԺˣǸֻʦĳͳǿסħˮɫ
ԣҶҲһȫʦҲֲ̫ˡ
ʱźȻš
Ҷɫ΢䣬תţʱһˡ
Ҷ𣿡˽Ц
ҾҶ壡ҶǺеİ˸֮һĪǰūģ
ҼС룡ЦЦ
˵ĻҶɫȻ䣬ȴźͼ

ܿ죬˺Ҷ뿪¥սʻ˺ȡ
սϣʱʱĴҶ壬Ҷǳڡ
˵Ŵȵĵһ˺ȻЦ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ
˵ʡ
Ҷͷ
ô϶ᱻүΪ״ӡ
Ӧðɡ
ǸţܴӮʵ϶ǿ
ȥ
ʵ
ʵ

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ȻŮˣҶ֪ɴʺŮӦþǹū
ӣ㡣ɴʺŮЦ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ɴʺŮ˵Щԣǹū
ӣôˣûҶػɴʺŮ˺Ȼʵ
ʲôĻʡҶعЦ
ӣڵʲôɴʺŮʵ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ƭ֮˵ŵӣ
ӣ֪ʶİūʲôݣɴʺЦ
֪ҶЩ䡣
ʶİūϴ֮ܣʯӣɴʺŮ˵ʯ֮󣬴СС޸ʯ죬ȻС޸ǸˣСѾˣ˭Ҳı䲻ˣ
Ҷɫһ䣬û뵽£ȾȻԼü޸һˣ
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ҼūƺòܣҶЦ
ҶŮ˵ʱһŮӳ¥֮⣬Ůǹū
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ҵ𣿡ҶȻЦˡ
ɴʺŮ˳Ĭˡ
ȻңֺαؼЦҶת߳˷䡣
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ãūɫŻָ纮˪¥
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˹򵹺󣬷߸ŮӣҲȫڵء
ΪʲôҪ򣿡ū䡣
ΪǳС뿪ʱ˽Դ˽
Ϊţ
ΪǲðҶߣ
Ůǰ˵ƺ˱ū𷣵׼
˭⣿ūʵ
ңŮȿֺĻش
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£СĸԸ˸˲ԼͬĻش
ȥūЦ
˸̧ͷŹūû뿪˼
˵һ飬ȫҹȥūҧ촽纮˪
˸˲ҵ뿪˷䡣
ū̾һҲ֪Щʲô


105 ʤѩ
Ҷ뿪Ⱥ󣬻ص¥º󣬾ԼҲ֪λص¥ġ
ոջص¥ˬ˾Ѿʰöֻ뿪¥ǣſˬ뿪¥ʱһڻصľá
ҶͿˬ˷ֿȥ
ԶˣħˮɺȻҶ塣
ľõˣҶɫ΢䡣
ǣħƱҲߣѾħƱħˮɴ
Ҷɫһ䣬ܽħƱûľõ˷κζߣ˾Բͨˣ
ƺѾˣûжƺȥħˮִ
ʲô磿ҶȻʵ
ľУܵľ޷ͷųʶԲܰ̽ΪϢӦֻǸ徳ߣ㲻Ļҿ԰ѹħˮɴ
ħˮɵĻҶ峯Զȥ
ܿ죬ҶľԺУֻһڵҶϣ˰ʤѩ·ûаգüбɣ絶촽ܱɫЩ԰ףûκα飬Į֮⣡
ǸӢӣֻǸ˵ĸоʵ̫ĮЩһʽȫ£ֻѽǰɫġ
ֱһƥʮɳѩ׾ǣǵë׵ҫۣûаëھߵİԵøСħƱھǲԶţƺܵ˾ţȻɪɪ
Ҷ˵ʱ򣬰ҲڴҶ壬Ҷ屳ľ˵˵Ľ
ңӦòǿҵİɣҶЦˡ
ɱ㣡˻ڡ
˭Ҷʵ
ʯᣡ˾Ȼû
ȻɱңΪʲô֣ҶЦ
㲻˿Ҷ壬֮ɫףҶΪʲô侲
֪ҿ϶£ȻҲ£ΪʲôҪ£ҶЦˡ
ţҺ̵֪ʲô
һЦѳ󳤽Ҷ壬һ֧Ѫļʸ
Ӱνֻڵʯ֮ѣ˵ٶ֮죬ʵ˷˼
һҶüģ콣籩Ҷ˶
ۿҶҪʳ촷ۣľкȻʮƬҶӣҶնɱ˷ҩ

Ҷ⣬תۼͽǧΣնɱҶнˡ
ţʮƬҶȻǳɰɳīɫĹâɣҫֶ֮â⡣
ʯ֮䣬ʮƬҶӾɱ˰ǰʮѳˣ𶯾죬ʧɫ
˱ˣҶӣ̳ʮݺʮ˷ľ˲䱻飬ľм

춯صײҶнʮͬķ˰ˡ
ۿѣֻɫǺȻɱеʮƬҶӣʮƬҶӲɱ
ɫǵϢֲܿȫѪ죬ӿȵĺÿһץצҶӣѪ
ħˮɵĹɫǷֵһ֣˵ѹȻʮƬҶѹסֻܱ
ԶԶȥֻƼһһʮƬҶŲԾݺᣬצӡ졣
һĻҶɫһ䣬ʹʩչȼѪʹϵֺȻǰµ˶֣Ϊʵ̫ǿˡ
ȻϢһɨȻʮɳľǣЮŹ籩ɱħˮɵҶӡ
ţ˳ٻӣݻֻǣ֮춼ǽ籩Ի䣬졣
ͣɽӵƣȻסħˮɵĹħˮɵҶӻɳβɨ˻ϣ֮𶯣زɫ䡣
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ʮƥ˲䱻ҶնɱĽݺ˷
ţһƬҶӳбб˰ˣһأƺҪضն
˵ɫȻǲ䣬˼ƤºȻֳˡѪɫѪɫĳǺɢѪ⣬ҫʮأҫ֮
ۿҶնɱһҶӣѪ񷶼˻ɫ𾪡
䣡
ҶӺͳײǧϯ𶯣ľõ˶
ƺһĺʮֱ۲ס޷סеĽ
ͬʱƥɫҲħˮɵҶӳУɳʮɣһ׹ڵأ
ѩߣ˻һѪɫӰɫǽһһޣ˲ʧ
ħˮû׷ɱȥľһҶ屳Ľʡ
ಡ
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ˣҶĻˬɫ䡣
ݵĳԾ󣬼ľõЩµ˵ħƱ
ˬҲЩ¡

ʱ򣬰˺ͰɫѾ뿪ľá
оû׷˺Ͱɫͣûмߡ
˵ţͷ֣ĻѾѣѪֹ
ֹǰˣɫǵĸҲ˺ˣͬѪֹ
ľ˽ܸߣĪĽɫ΢䣬ΪҶĽǸħˮѧġ
ľĶӦһ걦ҩ걦ҩʵǿܻҵˡֻֻɫǾȻ˵ˣȻŮӵ
ʲô֮ĽܸߡǽҶѧĽʧΪһö֡
Ǹֻ徳ضѡɫ˵
걦ҩߣľܿͻǸĶ֡䣬ת¾ǽ
ϸȥ·ʱÿľ붼һģһı䡣һ¾ͻ֣ᷢÿһߴ磡

Ҷ岢֪˰е£˿ѾһµʯڣԭʯݸղѾˡ
ǸǸţҿѹȽȻûлħˮɵ̾صʯݡ
ԣҶɫ΢䣬ħˮɺεȸ߰佱࣬ܵõ˿ޣ˵˵Ŀ¡
ʹҲˣ˹ҡħˮֵ
˼˵֮ͬս㲢Ķ֣Ҷɫ΢䡣
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£ħˮЦĽǿͬӵгȻϵ֣¾Խսûκοܣǡʹõ֡
ҺһսģҶЦˣƺѾ˺ȷ¡



106 ѩ
ʱˮת۾켴
Դϴλ˰˺Ҷû뿪ľã似֮⣬ȥٲµʯ
ڼ䣬ĽҹҶһΣĽʱҶܳԾΪĽȻѾԲϾҪ徳ء
ĽľҶ壬ȻΪսҶ壬ֱҶˡҶܺĽܷ뿪ǰģͻƵ徳غҪսҶ塣
ߡӡҶŴӳǶ֪Ľȥ׷ͽܵʱеõһöҩΪöҩΪŻͻͽ
һ죬Ҷˮ̶׽ϴ蹦ħˮһİҩͷˮ̶С
ˮ̶УҶѪ纣ƺƵʹˮ̶ˮÿγȭɽӣˮȭƶϷӿ¡¡쳹ˮס
ˮ̶ҩ꣬Ҷȫë׶Ϊ֮ڳѪҺˮʱȾѪɫͬʱҶļµѪҺЩѪҺ٣ȴ̺Ī
µѪҺ˵ҶѾʽ徳ءһ徳أȻת֮ʹﵽ
ʹˣڸոս徳صʱҲֻǧѣҶȻﵽ˵ȥ϶ˡ
ǣﲢҶļޣҶǧͣһոս徳صӵǧǺŵ¡
徳أɵѪµѪ̺žѪϱҶ϶
ʮûԽʮ
Ҷ岢֪ܲܳԽޣȫһԡ
鸣ؿʱ䣬Ļ͸ϲˡħˮɺȻѡ
Ҷһˮ棬ɵ˰ϡ
˵λŵӣأǵʵӦò
Ҷ֡

ʱڵִ˼ϵء
㳡ϰˣȫŵֻ
ȺУһʮ󺺾Ȼ̫ʷ֣
ûаﵽ֣㲻Ұɣ̫ʷƺԿˬڻ
峤յʱ֪Ҷ˵
̫ʷʵӦûȥ鸣ذɣ
ĪȥҶЦ
ϴһ徳صʱѾȥһΡ̫ʷ˵鸣ȻвٺöҲвΣգвͻ档
鸣ӦòٰɣҶ룬вǵĶӦþޡ
鸣ǲ٣ЩĻԽɱߡ΢٣̫ʷֽ˵вǵĿɲֹޣҲֶԸǡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ȷʵ鸣˿϶ۺ졣
֮⣬鸣ػյغɱЩ˾ϡͿɱ̫ʷֵ
ɱ󡭡ҶĿһЩصĺǻɱĽϣԲȷʵŵ
鸣Ķʵʯǽ鸣صʵռʯ̫ʷЦ˵
ʯҶɫ΢䡣
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ҲԣʯүѩõһЩˡ
ռʯɲȫʵҲҪ
˵ҲǣõĻʯҲҲ
ˣ˵Ŵȵĵһռʯ
˵ʵˣϾǵһν鸣أռʯ
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ҶˣǼŵӡ
Ҷ忴⼸ˣ΢лᣬ⼸ˡдд衱
ȻҶ̧ͷ˸߿գֻɫӰȺ֮ǰ
ĸˣɫսףѪ죬ʮߣѹˡǺȻĴ콾ʯ죬ʯʯᣬʯ͡
ţоŸ˴ʯǰ
ŸȫŮˣа˸ˣһɴİŮӡ
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ʱֻūüͷųͷͷģǧķķڵأγƣóһֱʮɵĴʹ
Ů˲ƯҲǳħˮɿ޹ūҶС
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СֵܣҲ߰ɣ̫ʷЦ
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âһҶȫʧ
Ҷʧʱ򣬹ūתŴڷ
С㣬㻹ǲҪȥˣǰ˸Ѿ㹻ˡһ˿ڡ
Ļδ˵꣬ūȻ˵ǰǴûңϣԺҲᣬѾǵڶΣҲϣеΣ
ԣ˸ҧź촽ٶԡ
鸣ǸյأǧҪ¡ū

Ҷ岢֪뿪飬˿̣Ѿ鸣ء
鸣غܴ˷ԭʼ֣ͺľ֮ĻҰ
ڵĴʹҶ˵Ľ£󸽽ȫڵˡ
Ҷ߳󣬺½˱͹
ȵȫ˶ϵʱʯ˵õʯ󣬽СĿףɿװʯʯͻڴǰʯܾˡ
˷׷׵ͷ
ˣλȥռʯˣʯ⣬ණһŲϽռʯԽ࣬õĺôԽ࣬ϣλȫʯ쿴˵˵ͷͷ֣ʼռʯ


107 
Ҷߺ󣬴ֻʣʯҵĵϵ
⣬ʯӦѾ㹻ȥǸطˡʯ쿴Щϵ˵
磬ɵҲӦռ㹻ʯʯ
ԣαȵľ˭ռʯٶ죬˭Ӯˣ˭ȽȥʯЦˡ
ʯ˵˵ͷ
߰ɣҲжˡʯһЦת֡
ʯҲͷж
кʯȻߵغ飬ʵ鸣ǰ˵а취ҵСӣʲô취
ҵˣ°ţֻҪŰߣ϶ҵǣغЦ
ܳСӣͷҲģʯЦˡ
лүغæл
·ɡʯᵭһЦ
غ˵ͷȴ·
˵СȥѾ״ӣ鸣أǾ͹ֲñˡʯЦˡ
ԴϴҶ屻ȴߺжҶĺ󣬺޲ɱҶ塣
ʯЦݣʯߵЩɫ΢䣬֪ÿʯ¶Цݵʱ򣬶˵ù

ʱҶѾ֣Ѱʯ
ڰʯںϳһ飬ƳһֽС񡱵ĶֶѰҵɢеʯʵֹڣҲġ
ҶڵСȻҲС񡱣ʯС
˿̣ʯŰƴСĻ񣬴ҶСһʯͻͷų⻪ʱҶֻҪĴѰңͿ϶ҵʯ
ҶڵС鹲ʮˣʮҶԵø⡣̫ʷֺʯ⣬༸ûҶ˵仰
ӲǴδڸõүʶܵ취ֳҶҶ壬˼ϡ
ҶͲ֪ʲôںħˮɴ
ضΪѹƺأԽ徳߽϶ܵɡ¾ߵҲᱻѹƵʮңҲ˵طӵʮѾǼޡħˮɴ
ʮҲ徳صļ֮Ҷһ
ӵеֺˣԴбǿħˮҶ塣
Ҷ嵹ףͺʹ󽣵ֵĻԿԷԽʮĹ
Ȼħˮɴʯ
ܸӦʯҶ循ȵĴ
ʯϢֻҪ̫ԶҶܸоħˮɽЦŴ
ȻħˮɵĻ䣬ʯеĻȻͷųҫ۵Ĺ⻪
ʯ
ɫ΢䣬뿴ʯҡ
ͷңʯ˵
ಣಣಣಣ
˵ͷ֡
ֱߣħˮɺȻҶ塣
Ҷûԥֱߵȥһ˺ȥķһµģ
Ҷһǰһܿпһˮ̶ֱϰɣˮǡ
ʯˮ̶棡ħˮɺȻҶ塣
ûСԶüͷɨһҶ壬ת˱𴦡
ʯ꣬ԺдãɵֲǿԱ涫ʯ˸ֲˡħˮЦ
ҸûʯڡҶҲЦˣˮ̶
ˮ̶£Ҷ岻ǱˮȻԽԽ峺
治ֹʯбҩϢħˮɺȻ
ҩҶɫ΢䡣
ûȻҲжϾֱҩȷʵбҩϢħˮɷǳ϶
ҶͷǱˮ̶ף˾ǣˮ¾ȻԽԽ
ڣҶˮףˮ׾ɳˮݣһˮУѻһʯͷųâˮסЩʯȫֻаƴСǧ飬ࡣ
ʯҶĿһʯԱߡ
ɵ֣֮ʯסţ֮һڵ㣬ʧҶġ
ʯҶ̧ͷԶֻһִѪɫˮƮ裬ÿʮɳҶԾǣЩѪɫļ˷ǳͷޱȡ
٣ħˮ˵ٺϡУٺ󣬼пܻԡʹ٣ҲĪĺôΪֱҩܴѪҺٻѪٶȡ
ƷҩƷҩҶʵûͷųҩ㣬޷жٵĵȼ
ƷҩҲͨƷҩٹ꣬ͻᷢɱ䡣ħˮɴ
Ҷ嵱Ȼȵȡ걦ҩϾѾ徳ߣǳҪ걦ҩ
ҶȡߵʱԶһʮɵѪɫӰʸҶ壬֮ˮӿ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Իȭͷϣһȭ˳ȥ
һ죬ˮڣǳҶĶɳȥͬʱҶҲúʮɣֱ۷顣
סΣҶĿȥĶȻһʮɳˮͰִĴߡ߳ͷ­ɫĻطǺɫģ˳Ծǣ۾ϷȻֱǣޱȡ
ղҶһȭʹ˻һȭ˴ߵ򦣬߼ѾĿȫǣͷѪ
ްߣѾػٸһȵٳΪƷҩͻ̳Աҩ̶ħˮɴ
ħˮɴɲǣ˷Ѫʢ֮󺣣ӿȡ
ಡ
Ҷ壬ǵٶȼ죬ʯ쾪֮ƣˡ
Ҷ峹Ի˶סһȭѪٸȭӡǵصѹߣˮ׵ˮ˲ͻˮ
߱ȭӡУϵƬ˲䱻ɲ٣ѪȪӿҵʹʹЩ߲
ЩߵԳʮҶ忴ŰߣɫأȻлҲѶԸЩߡ
ǵʮǧң鸣ض޵ѹҪһЩħˮɴ
Ҫɱǣֻ취ˡҶĿһѾ׼ʹô󽣵֡
ȻǿϢϷҶ̧ͷϷʮɫӰ¡
ľȻǶɱʯҵˣ
Ҷ岻Զ٣ʯҵɫ䣬ȻҲϳ٣
ߣ̫ʷע⵽˰ߡ
ɱҲ׷׿ߡ
ȶԸߣʯҵȳһߡ
̫ʷֵ˼ɱ༸ߡ
ЩߵǿԽʮȶɱ˻ǿʯҵ˶ڣһȫռϷ硣
ˮ׶嫵Ѫನţˮ˲仯촷ۣˮҲˮ
ζˮףʯҵҲɱ춯أҪˮ׶һ㡣˻϶ڲƳܲסɱѪʹѹΪʯҵ˵սҲǿޱȡ
ڣʱʯҵɱߣмҲˡ
ʼգʯҵ˶ûҶ֣ƺҶ嵱һˡ


108 ƽ
ڵߵڵʯҵԱߣ𣬳ˮȥ
ܿ죬˰ϡ
պ٣˷һɱʯҺ˵
˵˵ͷ
ڶɱҪٵʱ̫ʷֺȻ˵ȵȣ
Ͷɱ뿴̫ʷ֡
ǲֻʮˣ̫ʷ˵ţҶ塣
ɱҲҶ壬ǻû뵽Ҷ塣
Ҷû˵뿴Щ˵ô١
ʲôҲûҲҪָ𣿡һЦ
ûɱģƾʲô٣һ͡
ҲûʸǷ١ɫ
ҲΪʯҺͶɱĻһԭȵļ׷ɫ䡣Щ֪ҶѾү״ӣԣ˵ָҶ壬ǻûб
ɱû˵Ͼղ˵Ҫʮƽֵ˾ܲԼԼ͡
˼ԼͬĿʯҡ
ʯҸ˵Ȼ˵ղˮ̶ߵʱ򣬻ķӦܴ˵ʯˮ̶ɸղˮȴûκʯ㲻𣿡
ԣʯɫ΢䣬˵ɫҲˣʶĿҶ塣
Ҷǵһˮ̶ˣ
Ҷ壬ʯóɣЦЦĿҶ塣
˭˵ʯʯҰʯʲôطҶЦˡ
Ե˵ͷǰҶֲӵСǬʯĻһ۾ֱܷ
ƺ֪ҶشûгԾ˵ˣ˵ʯ϶ˮףôûҵʯ
ɻˣˮ̶϶ʯڣʯΪʲô᲻ˣ
硭ٰѻȡһʯҡ
ʯҴӻȡһǬһ¶Ľ֮ɫǬʵʯҵģ뿪鸣غϽڡ
Ǭȡʯˮ̶ԱߣȻûκηӦ
֣ǰķӦܴ󣬿ôûзӦˣ֡
ûзӦиȷԼĲ롭ˮ׵ʯȷʵˡ֪ܲ˭ʯⲢҪֻҪҶͷϾˣ
Ȼ˶Ҷ壬ʯҶüͷֻҶпʯҶȴûʯʵ̫ˡ
ĪҲǬɣвð뷨
ʵҲûпܣҶѾʯΪ״ӣԷǳпܵõһֻǬ
ٺ٣غ˵ܳСӣʯὫĺôСӺʯǵĹϵʱٶԸСӾ׶ˡ˿ʼҶ壬һЦ
ûǬڣʯһʳеĻɡ
ΣҶЦ
ĪүǬһ˵үСӵӳ̶ȼߡ
ʯϵɵһ£Ѿү״ӣҲܰʯռΪУʯʯ
ʯʯ广϶ҶһǬˮ׵ʯ϶ҶǬС
СҲ̫ˣʹү״ӣҲ˽԰ʯɣһЦ
ٺ٣Ϊүƽϣ޼ɵ˹Ц¶ɶ֮ɫ
⼸֮Ի˵ΪɶҶӵǬ
ʯͿ㽻ɣ˵ʯغŵһ£̫ʷִҶ塣
ʲô£Ҷûа㵣ĵӣȻյĴʵ
ʲôҲֹڣҲͼı£̫ʷִ
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ʯʦ֣ʯǿԵʲôҲûһȻ顣
𣿡ʯҿҶ壬˵ʯóҲ˵ȥ
ΪʲôһҧʯҶȻһͲôˡ
㣬лʯ𣿡Ц
ûʯΣҶЦˡ
ߣҰǬóǿһ𣿡һ
֤Ǳģô죿ҶЦ
Ц㣿ûʯĻĳ˸ͷϴ
Ҷ϶ڹ򶨣ʯҶϣ
ֹ룬ڳˣ̫ʷֶʯӦҶϣ޵ڶֿܡ
ͷϴҶЦҲҪͷϴҪһֻ֣ҲҸҶĶĿҵǬûʯеĻԶһۣͷϴ
Է׷ɫ䡣
СӣȻв
ɱʯ˶¶֮ɫΪҶļƲߣĿľǲʯ
ҶĶעʵ̫ˣȷʵŵˡ
Դ磬ģСڹŪ飬ʯ϶ϣһȻ
Դ磬СҲ̫ˣռүͲ
ԣЦãҸģ
ĻҶ΢¶֮ɫ
Ҷı飬ͷһܵĸо˲Ծ
ףΪ֤𣿡ҶȻʯҡ
ԣʯЦŵ˵ͷ
λҵǬȷʵү͸ҵģвٶҲү͸ҵġ
˵Ҷ忴ʯңЦԣֻôһ˿ŴҲʲôɣ
ǵȻûЦˣȻû˵ȴҲû
ҶǬֱӶʯҡ
˿һĻԾǬȻһҲı˶ˡ
ʱʯѾǬ
ĭѾʯҵıϿʲô
ˣʯǬҶ塣
һ˷׷ɫ䣬֮ɫ
ԶһۣҶĮȻС
ҡɫλѿ
˰ɣǶǶˣαô棿һЦ
ûô˵ҲǶףĿ˵
¾͵Ϊֹɣֺαͱˣ˿ˡ
˼֣ҪˣҶЦ
ɫЩѿСҲ̫ˣү״Ӻ˲
ߣСӣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣȻЦ
㲻˵֤𣿡Ҷ忴ʯҡ
Ƿһֻ֣͵Ƿһ顣ʯ˵ȲƫҶ壬Ҳƫֻ˵ˡ
ԣЦˣǼȰ˵ҶҲЦˡ
ǺǣǹƽҶҧرء
Ҷ壬һߣαظϾɱʯȰҶϾʯ幵״ӣܵҶ塣
֪Ҷʯ幽ˣ֪ʲô飿


109 а
֣Ҫˣ
Ҷ俪ڣƱˣȫûʯҵӡ
ʯҵЩҲסˣôҲǶڵĴڣҶȻһҲ
СӣҪôߣΪĳ㣡ȻЦ
Ȼ㲻ԸԶһۣˣҶҲЦϢȻǣѪ졣
ವһҶһɲǣ˼£ʮ
ɫ䣬˭Ҳû뵽ҶȻͻȻôࡣ
ȻҲû뵽Ͼ֣ۿҶɱˣͬʱ˱ĳꪣһɱҶ壡
һꪻʯ쾪Ѫ
ҶȻͷų˶Ȼһȭ˳֮ϡ
һ춯صľ죬ꪱҶһȭ򱬣촷ۡ
˺Ȼʧɫ

ȻҽС
Ŀȥֻĺˣֱ۾ȻˣѪ⡣
Ҷ岻һȭĳꪣȻ˳һȭֱۣ
һĻʵ̫ˣʯҲΪ֮ɫ䣬Ϊ֮㤡
ÿµɱ˵
⾿ʲôȻ˰Ե˾ɡ
ղĪʹĳּ似˲²⡣
˲֪ղҶõǡȼѪԲʮ
һȭֱۺҶѾֹͣתȼѪ似ǿȴܳʱʹáҶʹõʱ䲻ɫҲü԰ס
ҵ֣ҵ֣Ҫɱˣ
Ȼ״ĳҶ塣
ʯһӵǰȵҪһֵֻĻ͸ҰһЩ
ʯҵĻָ˵ǣԹĿҶ壬ûмҶ塣
ϵܣֹѪʯҺȻŶɱ
ɱ˵ͷȡҩɢߵߣΪֹѪ
ʯסʱҶв֪ʱһ֮סڻš
ûѸղĵѪȫҶͰˣΪʯҷֵֵϢ
Ҷ忴Ų٣Цҽˮ׵ʱǼ٣ûҵסǵĻٿѾˡ
һ٣ʮƽ֣ʯҺȻڡ
ԣɫ롣
лҶЦˡ
ȻвԸȴû˵ʲôϾʯѾˡοڻ˭ҵҶ壿һǸ񣬵񣬸㲻ûȱ첲ȡ
˷٣ֿʼѰʯ
ȻԹʱʱɨһҶ壬Ҳ֪Щʲô
Ȼʯɫ΢䣺ŨѪ
ɫ΢䣬ҲоһŨҵѪ
ѪӦ޵ģɱ
ֻӦѾˣǹȥơʯҵ˽
ܿ죬˾п˰ֻƽ𱪵ʬ塣
ǵѪˣ
ɱһֻƽߣŻƽ𱪣侱ϷĴָСĿ
ԣʯҵɫ䣬ֱһֻƽ𱪵ʬԣϸֻƽ𱪵ϲûκ˿ڣڵѪҺҲˡ
а̣ʯҵ˼ԼͬĿڡ
ħˮɣ˵а𣿡Ҷɫ΢䡣
ˮɣħˮûĴ
ðɣˮɣ֪а𣿡Ҷٴδ
а̺ǿ󣬼ʹǿʦԺʵҲȾа˲١ħˮɴа̵ķֽ̺ܶ࣬鲼ȫ£̿˵һ֮¡
Ҷɫһ䣬һ֮£붼˾㤣ɵжǿ
ʵֵĻаδ֮⣬ϧĵ˿ɲֹа̡ħˮЦŴЩֻ
Ͳ;а̴սҶЦˡ
Ǻǣҿû˵˵ħˮɺȻѵˣӦǾа̵ˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬̧ͷΧ֣һӰ۶
ʯҵҲˣǷ׷׼ʱ׼ս
ಡ
һµ߳ҶǰЩߵļϸһֻ޴
¸£ȻڵˣΪǸЦ
ȻǾа̵ˣʯҵɫ΢䣬ԷжʮˣҪǶᴦ·硣
ϵʯһһΪ
ߣԲѣʯߣϢǣҵ֣ꪣɱΪꡣ
¸£Ѫٵֵ϶ʮֻޣ
ΪЦͷųѪץʯңѪһֻ֣ץʯң
ʯһڴϣ䱬Ѫɫ֣Ѫ췭嫵ĺˮ
ɱ
а̵ЦȰɱҶˡ
ɱ˷׷׼ͷųѪɱ˾а̵ˡ
䡭
ʱ쳹죬ɱ˺;а̵չɱǧѪ𣬲ɫ
ⳡɱңʮأѪɣľȫ÷飬֮ⶼײ֮ԶԶȥܿһѪ籩ؼ䡣
ͬʱа̵ΧסҶ壬ǻѪԲӵа
¸£ʵҲ鸣أֱ·
һа̵ЦֽӡҶ尴˹ȥѪһֻ˶ޱȵѪҶ塣
ҶĿһľѪ죬ݺᣬݻѪУѪ
һ𶯰˻ϣֻѪѪнɱѪ
Ҷ廯ԼĹǸа̵͵һ
֮ʣҶѾʸһĺ꣬ǵص¡
ɫ䣬æˣͬʱѪſһ磬ѪӿֻѪѻ
䡭
ѪѻͽײѪ
Ҷ屾һа̵ȻĺɱһָʱѪ۳ɴִָӡ֮ƺҶı
һָ֮侪ˣָӡ֮졣
Ҷٿתͷų˵ͻȻţһ£һָӡڣָӡ룬Ѫ
а̵ɫ䡣
ԾʱҶϢǣȫѹа̵꣬ʩչȼѪ
Ҷ廯һѪɫӰɱǰһȭһꡣ
ڻڶأ壡޷֮ľϡԣҪӳֻܿȭ
һȭȫûĻᣬһȭͺţ
һȭѣͱɳȥѾ顣
һɫ䣬æˣǳˣҶѾһȭһȭԾ£ֲ˷
䣡
굹ɳüʮײ׹棬ؿھȻһ󶴣˲ͷƤ顣
ϱֻһͷɵ겱Ѫ
һĻҶɫ΢䡣


110 Ϸ
ЩʲôҶ忴Ѫֻɫ΢䡣
а̵ˣ϶һֻЩ𼸺ûκսа̵ΪʲôҪЩ
ݵɻҶ岻ٶ룬ɵ֣
Ҷʱ򣬶ɱѾնɱ˼а̵ˣɱһҲһмѾˡ
Ҷ忴̫ʷֱа̵ΧСǱˣҶ벻ᣬ̫ʷֲ̫ͬʷֱϾǿصѡ
ٴתȼѪҶѪ죬λ¯һ㡣ͬʱͷų˻Ϣ˷˺ѣܲס⾪˵ƻ
ವһҶ˶̫ʷֵˣһǱȭһа̵ˡ
ǸҶ幥ɫ䣬æ˰벽ͬʱӡѪһͷӡҶȭͷ
䣡
ҶһȭѪɫӡϣͷ飬Ѫ
ţҶԺһȭһ춯صľص˷ضΪ֮
ɫұ䣬ĺʮа̵˺̫ʷĿȥȭͷʧˣѪģ
ҶȻһȭȭͷа̵˲ͷƤ飬ѡ
Ǿ֮ʣҶѾľһɨǣѪ죬죬ݻһѪɫ嫵ϯ˷˷׷׾㤡
𡭡
Ѫɫζа̵ˣ֮Ѫڣؽ
ۿѪɫɱа̵ͬʱɫ䣬æˣͬʱնɱѪɫ

Ѫɫֱײɱķ޾峤նɱƱˡ
а̵תŲ䣬ϻӽնѪɫѪ޾壬һβ͵˵Ĺͷһ˵ؿڣһ˸ײɳ˺üʮס
ţѪɫβһ˦һа̵꼱æý񵲣һ˴ɳʮס
а̵δסΣ̫ʷ־ɱһꪹᴩĺ󱳣ꪼؿѪꡣ
ֱʱѪɫͻȻĽɢ˷
СģЩ˺ܼ֣ɱ˵˺̫ʷַɵҶߣɫȻѡ
Ҷ屾̫ʷֵĻ뿪ڣһȻ
̫ʷֺҶĿȥʯҾȻص˵ϣɸߵɳ㣬治𶯡
ɳɢȥʯѾվƺûˣֻЩǱѡ
УǸʯҽֵ꿴ʯңЦ¸£ӵеֵˣѪζȻһ
˷׷ɫ䣬ѵѾ˴׵Ѫ
ϸȥʯҵϢȷʵЩң˴Ѫһ
ЩѪûУЩǿѪ֮ʱͷųѪ֮һѪ֮ѪҺͻᱻ˷ʤħˮɺȻҶ塣
ҶĿһȻ룬Ѫ֮֮ĸǿһ
ͨˣѪͱˣҵֿԵһѪ֮ǽʯҵˣĵ֮ǿĵ֮Ǹа̵ǿõѪ֮ħˮٴδ
ʯԵסѪ֮Ҷһʯĵ֮϶ʯǿ
ҶħˮɴʱǸӵѪֵ긩ʯң֮Ѫ֮ӿֹ
ãʯʦΣˣ̫ʷɫ䣬ȻһɱӵѪֵꡣ
ȥĻȫѰ·ħˮЦŴҶ塣
ȻǸֻһӣѪ֮ӿ糱ˮ̫ʷ֣ա
ҶٴתȼѪһѪɫӰɵ̫ʷǰһɨѪ죬ݺᣬݻѪУѪ֮
ѪбϾѪһѪ֮ͱȫˡ
ߣʯҴһ
ԣ̫ʷֺͶɱûгɣת֡
´лĻҵ뿴Ѫǿɵָʤһ
ҶһҲת
׷ԲˣǸӵѪֵЦ
а̵˷׷Ӧŵ׷
ǸӵѪֵȥԶȻӰ
꣬ǹ˵үǴѾȫųȥˡ
ǸӵѪֵƺҵλ
ٺ٣Ѿˡ̧ͷŲ񷣬ǧѪӰ裬Ȼȫ
үүǱҲѾжˡһ˵
үսүҲѾжˡһ˽档
ٺ٣ò˶ãǵļƻͻɹˡЦ֮ǰһϷˡ
Ц䣬Ҷ˶߷ȥ˽

ʱҶѾ֮⡣
û°ɣ̫ʷֺȻʯʵ
ˣֻЩѪѡʯȡһҩɢȥɫָһ㡣
а̵˻ں棡ɱɫء
Ǽһǿ桭Ӧ¾ԣֻ취ܿǡʯҺΡ
˵Ȼ֪ѪֵĿֲ
ɢɢ֮Ǽߣʯһӣÿ˶ӵһɢ
ɱ˺ԥĳԵɢûע⵽Ҷ岢ûҩɢʢѪȴȫˣΪʹˡ
ߣ
˳Ӷȥ
ҶϢ󣬺а̵˹ȻҶ˸ˡ
һʱҶ˦˾а̵ˣ;УǾȻ˲ʯȫʯˡ
˦а̵˺Ҷһͣ£˸طϢ
ҶƧĵطȡɵ֣֮ס٣
ûãͰٶˣҩѪҺʼ
ΪҩԵ̺ʣͨ˸̵ֱ١ҲֻҶֱɣΪӵɵ֡
ʱҶëɢѪЩѪ̺˿˿ҶųľѪѪų󣬼ϲѪϸ档
žѪų⣬ҶҲܿʹﵽ˰
١һǧ
Ѫ߽ʮ֮ʱѾ˾ǰǧ
ڣѪֹͣٵҩľˡ
ҶɢѪ㡱˺Ȼˬ
Ȼɱ˵ӲԶʯү
ʯᣡҶɫ΢䡣
ҶأôûʯЦ
鷳ġҶһЦ
Ȼʯʯҵ˴ˡ
Ҷ壬ʯȻЦȴ¶˾˵ɱ


111 սʯᣡ
ôֻعѩˣֶһʯЦЦĿҶ塣
Ҷû˵ֻš
ɱʯҵüͷʯԲԵ޹佱Ҷ塣
ҿ㵽ûʸΪ״ӣʯЦҲΪʯѾҶΪӡ
ԣɫ䣬ĪʯҶ彻ֲɣ
ʯһ꣬սĳϡ
ʯսҶ壬Цϣ㲻Ҫʧ
˶ЩԾʯȻҶ嶯֡
ȻսĻҷ㵽ףҶЦˡ
ɫ䣬Сӻ˲ɣȻҸʯᶯ֡ʯҵȻʶҶʵ֪Ҷ˲ͬҶ塣
Ĵ콾֮һͨˣ˸ҶӮĻᡣ
ģһѹԲᳬʯȻһЦ
㲻ѹܳȫˣģҶҲЦˡ
ҶĻɫ䣬غ˸ЦСҲ̫ˣ
һıѣҲڱүǰԲѣ
ʯЦѪľ˱ڰ˷ߵæˣΨֱѪ
ವһʯӰһɱҶǰս͵Ҷͷ­ϯ˷
ҶתȼѪǣһľսײߵѪ⣬𶯡
ɫ䣬ҶȻĵסʯĹ
ȼѪѣҿֶܼãʯЦץҶţָŷǧѪҫ֮
Ҷָ£һǽָ羢ʯģָѪǣɨ˷
䣡
һ춯صľҶʯͬʱ֮˿񱩵Ѫ
񣡡ʯЦʸҶ壬սնɱݻʯ飬ǵصѹҶ壬ƿ쳹ʮء
Ҷȫ壬ľƣݺʮɣɨ˷
䡭
նʯϣʯȻѪӿ
һĻ˷׷ɫ䣬СӾȻܿڵĴ콾
Ȼ˳ɱУѪƮ籩к£ڴϣ˲ή
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֮㶼Ӯˣ֮˶磿
Ҷ岻ŭЦһս֮ϣһ죬𻨷ɽսбб棬һ档
ƾҲӮսʤңԲѣʯἥЦϢǣ˵ƤȻɫ
ҵֺʯЦһϹҶ壬һȭϹϯ˷
Ҷһʯȭͷ֮ϣһľȭͷײǧѪ⣬ɨʮء춯صľҶȻʮס
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ԻҶһȭѪ۳һ޴ޱȵѪɫȭͷɫʯϡ
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ɫ䣬ĿʯᣬֻʯᵥֽӡҶ壬ڣ۳һֻʮɳӥצգ˺ѿץҶ塣
һצֲ֮ѹ嫣ؽ𣬾ɱ˶ļµĸо
ۿӥצץҶһˣľһɨݺɣݻѪɫ
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䣡
һʮصıѪɫӥצǧѪ˷֮شݲ
ɱ˱ͷĿѣ졣
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ʯЦٴνӡڣݻһʮɳɫаնɱҶ壡
֮嫣󲻶ϣǧֻӥھ찿裬ӥ𶯾졣
ӥĶ֣Σ
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ʯЦֽӡҶ壬ݻǧֻӥצ˺Ѫɫ
䣬ɱذ֮춼ѪɫӥצӰӰ´¡
֮УʯҺͶɱ˷׷ɫ䣬ս󣬸㲻û䡣
ʯүѾʹ˵ؽ似벻Ӯˡһĭ
⻹徳Ӧеս𣿡˿Ц
ʯү콾ҵ֣ӵս֡
Ҷֻſ˵һѡ
徳ؾͿսܴս֣
Ҳԣʱûóȫ

۵ʱҶʯѾϰٻغϣɱʧɫ
ʯûмʹõؽ似ɱҶߣȻҶɱ
ڵóɱΪӵз侪˵ҵ֣ˡ
ĶɣʯƽҶ壬һȭҶؿڣϹϯ˷
ƾ㻹ҪҵҶЦһȭӭȥ֮ը졣
䣡
ȭײ⻪Ҷʯ˺üɲסΣȭͷʹѡ
ÿµ
ʯῴҶ壬ɫڱˡ
ɱҲ׷ɫ䣬Ѿ֪ҶֲɵǿҶʯʱ򣬻ʮ𾪡


112 ңʮ
⵽ʲôɱ˾ɣǵ۽粻ȻҶʲô͵
˳ԾʱҶѾɱʯᣬȻʯɱȻȫʯᡣ
ɱʯǰҶһȭʯᣬȭԾʯ쾪
ʯЦһȭ˳ȥ䣡ȭཻͬʱ˼
ҶʯᴭϢĻᣬչӰٲٴɱʯᣬһȭȭӡ𶯡
С֣Ϊû취𣿡
ʯЦһڣһʮɳʯɳ
䡭
ʯȭӡʯһѹҶ壬Ʋɵ

ҶһȭѪ죬һɫӰȻҶ屳󣬶أҶһȭɫӰҲһȭ
һȭпٵ֮ƣһȭ£ؽ𣬷ɫ䡣
䣡ѹҶʯһȭ飬
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ʯἱæˣͬʱֽӡڣɫնɱȭͷϡ
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˷׷ɫ䣬ÿֲȭ
ңʮҶ帩׹ڵصʯᣬ˷
غȻȵȻʯү
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ҶЦ̧Ѫ죬һɫӰٴγѹ˷
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С֣ҿ˭ܾ㣡Ц
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ಣಣಣಣ
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ѩû˵ŰǣҶ֣ȻҪȥʯԸа̵ˡ
ڻһսľ̫ͣΪ¾ʱ򣬻ǽ֮աѩߺħˮ˵
֪Ϊʲôҽ֣Ҷüͷ
ΪңӮ㡣ħˮЦЦʲôԭһǺ¡ٺ٣ʯߣɱʯѾˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ȷʵѩʯߣɱʯᡣ
ȱʯˣڻǸϽռʯҪħˮЦʯܰˣҵʵָˣҲкô
Ҷ˵ͷ
ħˮָҶ壬ʼĴѰʯ
ʱѾռ˲ʯûд֮УȫǬ档
ħˮָҶ׼ȷҵʯλãռʯٶȱκ˶졣
ȥһطѰʯʱħˮɺȻʶˡ
˭Ҷɫ΢䡣
ǰ治Զƺ鷳ڵ˭Լȥɡħˮɴ
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û뵽鸣ôƯλˡһЦһֻħƵϣȻǵڷɽֹġա
־ǣǻ᲻ΪΪӽǵˣԲų־ǣħˮɴϷʡ
ҶȾ˵


113 ǻ
׽ϴ蹦ǹԸıΡ
Ҷ岻ϳʩչǹԼòıˡֻꡱĹͷҶȻһʴĴ󺺡
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а̵ǰˡ
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ȻֻսˣټϾа̵˲ǣ˵ķǾа̵ˣ˸ûˡ
һа̵˱ˣĺˡ
һа̵˱ˡ
ԼˣûõĶ
˵ţѾħƵһˡ
ݾ䣬ˡ
ˣܲģչЦħƵˡ
ȣһյţϯ˷ҫ֮
չЦӰȰһһӵ˱ſ˫۱ˡ
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ΣѰǣΪǸЦ
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Ȼһãҵ𣿡
ԣҶĿȥˡ
˿ˣ׷ӭȥѸղŷ¸ˡ
˵ĻٴθлҶ塣
лͲˣүСֻûۼСһ档λﲻĻүи֮롣ҶЦ
ԣͬʱɫ䣬һçȥС㣬ǻǲԸ⡣
ôĪƲ𱾴үҶ
ǿԴȥ㲻ܿС㣬С㲻ϲİˡһ˵
үԶԶĿһ۾ˣͻˡҶЦ
һç˵秵Ļ˶ʱЦá

ܿ죬˴Ҷ·ˡ
бүڣϾа̵Ҳ¡Ҷڼ󣬹Ц
ҶĻεЦˡ
Ȼ˴̸
㣬ҪȥС㣿
ȥĻǷô죿οϾ˰ǡ
ǣС϶ġ
ʹϺôߺˡ
ٺ٣ûͶ϶ܰçߡ

ʱҶһɽУϼε籡Ȫһɾ
ɽУҶּˣ˸˶ˣȴū
㣬Сأõ˾ȻҲ֪ūʲôط
С㷢ɽƵϢѾȥɽˡһȽϳ˵ǰ˸еĴ㡣
ʱ㿴Ҷ壬΢䣬Űõˣʵ˭
õæҶ˴㡣


114 ү
õ˵Ļ΢䣬룺˱Ͼ˰ǣߣδ̫ˡ
ʯϢŨɽ϶кܶʯȻɽ⴫һ
˸뿴ɽ⣬ҶҲüͷתɽ⡣
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ºˮף֪λĸɵˣΪ꿴Ű˸Ц
ɡЦˡ
ߣҲܽ鸣𣿡һЦ
˭˵ɾͲܼ鸣أЦ
Ǹ껹˵׺Ȼ˰֣ɽĶҪ
˵ͷٶԡ
ߣɽˮڵ˽
ȵȣȻڡ
׵ɫ΢䣬תͷҶˡ
ʱܽȥ˵
ŶΪʲôܽȥЦˣȤĿŴ㡣
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Ҳڴʯ⣬ԲŲǽȥһˮڵĵӺȻЦ
ûǵѾɽռʯˣһˮڵĵ˵
˼ƾǣ»סǣǽǽȥɡЦЦźˮڵ˼ɽ
㣬ô죿õ뿴Ŵ㡣
Ҳȥһɽõ˽
ҶŰ˸ˡ
ɽȷʵʯϢǳŨң顭Ԫ֮ˣܵõЩʯҵ˶ָܻһ롣ħˮɺȻҶ壬ԼҲȷɽжʯ
ūɽ𣿡Ҷ崫ѹûħˮɵơ
ߣɫѵļһǸŮ˵ȻڣѵͻȻʧ˲ɣħˮûĴ
ΪԽߣܵѹԽ鸣ʲôҶ岻⡣
鸣صѹ֮ǿᱻѹΪ㲻û⵽ɡħˮЦˡ
Ҷɫһ䡣
㲻õģϢΪȻѹˣûɡħˮɽŵ
û⵽ɣҶɻ
Ϻܿʲôֿ֮ıֻߣʲôҩ֮Σվˡħˮɴ

Ҷ˽ȥɽʱɽֳһȺˡ
ЩȫŻɫĳۣΪ֮Ŀ֮࣬
磬ķӦѾܴˣ󣬻ķӦ󡣡һ˵ҶڵĻ϶ϵ꣬Ȼ̵콾ٰף
֮⣬̵һ콾ȻҲڡ
ʯܶ࣬õЩʯټǰռġӦ㹻ˡΪЦˣɽ̵˽
ߺûãȻһȺɽȡ
Ⱥ˸뺷ϴŨҵɱһҶҲȻ콾֮һĪǣ
ٴѾȥˣǱץʱ䣬ԲһĪ촽
ҵҲҵȷʵץʱ䣡һ信ɫ
磬ٴռʯĻǿɲĪսⰺ
ٰ׽㣬ȥԸٴϣ
ٺ٣û
˵䣬Ҳɽ

ʱҶѾͣ£ǰȻиֱɵĶڣ£ʯϢǴӶдġ
Ȼвٲȱƣҫҫԣ֮Ī⣬ͨ󷨵˸ơ
ѹǰ鸣ؿʱû˷ԭﱻ󷨷סˡһˮڵ˵
˭ƿ󷨣ʯϢй¶ˣɻ
С㣡˸һѾ֪˭ƿˡ
ҶҲ֪˭ˣūʦҾûѹƣƿ󷨲֡
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Ȼ״źˮڵ˽˶Ѩ
˸ûгɣҲ˶ѨҶæȥ
㣬С㲻°ɣ붴Ѩ󣬰úȻʵ
С㵱Ȼ£ãѻ죡úݺݵĵ˰һۡ
ҲǵС죬
Ȼǰ׵˵֮ǡ
Ҷ뿴ȥֻǰȻǸݺĿռ䣬һߴɵĺɫʯţʯϺȻд֣
ɫʯ˷ƣʣۻҡ
𾪵ǣɫʯȻһʯ
޴ʯԶȻиɴİŮӣƮȻ
ʹŮӴɴҲβֹľ֮ˣȻ׵ˣĿҲһ͡
С㣡Ůӣ˸˹ȥ
ҵ𣿡Ůʵ
С㣬ûҵҶӡ˸ͬʱʹͷ
Ҷɫ䣬Ҳûū֮Ի鸣أȻΪ
鸣صľƺܸӣ鸣Σաūûйְ˸֣أ
ŮӵҶɫٴһ䣬Īһ
ʱ׵˳ǿ޴ʯ
ͷ̧׿׵ˣѵȰòöʯ
Ϊʲôʯ׵뿴Źū
ûʯϵ𣿡ū˵ţѾʯ
Σ׵˲⡣
һ󷨣ʯۣʯҲͻˡū
˾ͻˣһѡˮڵĵЦ
ˣѹ֮ضǲ𣿡ū˵
ףŮ˶ʯռΪУԲŻǡ
һЦһȺƬռ䣬Ȼٴϡٰסˡ
ٴϣ׿Ϊ꣬ɫ΢䡣
֣Ҫʯʯ̵ˡٴЦ
ûµĻͰʯÿǺˡЦ
ߣ˭˵Ҫʯÿˣߡ
ûףŹūЦλ㣬ղ˵ʯѹʲôǲܰʯȡߣ԰ɣ
ûūڡ
ƾʲôô˵ѵ㲻õʯЦš
ҼС˵оУʲôҲҼС㣿úȻЦ
ûҼСϡʲôʯҲЦ
͵˵ԼС͵벻õʯԼЦ
㡭úͰɫ䣬һʱ
Ǻǣô޻˵𣿡Цˡ
үұ֤ǾԲʯ⣡
ȻһܲгĴЦص˷
˶Ц֮أ˵Ǹ󺺣ȻҶ壡
ߣʲôҲڱǰԳƴү
үȷʵʲôүǸˣôⶼУүѾüʮˣүҲûʲô׵İҶźףĽ͡
˸¶Ц
װɵŭЦ


115 ʯ
ô֪үװɵĪͱүͬˣҶЦ
˸Ц
ŭˣһӣһȫǻҶ壬֮淭
Ȼүͬˣү˵˵ʱҲϲִˡ
Ц䣬ҶѾʩչӰٲһʮɣܿ˻
ߣҲ֣ܵĵ𣿡ߣһӣէʮҶ塣
Σٶȸ죬ʯ֮ɱҶǰҾĻ档
õɫ䣬׷׼Ҷ
ݺᣬʮʱõϡ
Һаλ򱾴үˡҶЦ
˸һﵽ֪֪ղŵĴжΣգ
ȻЦΪȵ𣿡
δ䣬ҶͻȻһҶ˶Сɢһһ¯Ҷ˶˲֪Ҷ徿ǻ
ٺ٣ʦħסҲõƤһ̵ĵӺȻЦ
ûһﻹǲۣȻҵʦ㣡м̵ĵЦ
ֺ֣ħ٣һֶˣͨ˸ֵס
꣬һλħסһֻգֻյʣɴ˿ɼħٵĿֲ
˸ƼҶ屾ħУ׷ɫ䡣
ģµġū
ԣ˸΢΢˿̵ȴЦ
¡
ȻħһȭһڣһӰһҶ廹˭
СѾͷղүҶЦ˿̵ҶѾͷų˻סȫħͷųĻ档
˷׷һѹִ˸Ʋԭӵ
ΣΪκβ𣿡Ц
ʦãҪٴϺȻڡ
ԣ붯ֵĲݺݵĵҶһۡ
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׵Ѿһʯ
ߣףûôʯ
ٴߣ֣ȫðһˡֺٴϻһף֮졣
Ҳ˺ˮ֣ȫźɫˮһˮΧתκ˲˷
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ͬʱˮں̵ҲѨг˺ɱ֮
ҶĿȥֻһˮڵ꼤սǸˮڵȻӵɫסȫ磬衣
ѩ
ҶʱףӵбѩˣԲǸովѵ
ħ˲ңЦһȭħϣħϵĶʱ
ߣڣĿδҲ̫ˣЦһ˦еħ٣ħϻ汩ǣѩʱڻ
ţŲ̳Ȧħ٣̤Ẓ̇ɱڡ
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ѩնɱڻУţ뺣ͻˮ
¡
ٴϺ׼սȻ
ҶĿӲƿ˹ȥֻײٿʮˮɱٴϡˮ֮κˣӿȣ嫵ĺƯڰС
ٴָţ͵ץףһǵصӿ˳ȥҪһ㡣
䡭
ˮͳһ֮ϣ𶯾ʮأײ֮ˮ𣬼侪ˡ
һĻҶɫ΢䣬ӵе֮ˣʵȻˣѹͨ˲ǵĶ֡
ҶԾ֮ʣƥʮɳĺɫǳ붴ѨУ׺Ϣ˷Ѫ
ƥɫɨһ׵ˣϲɫȻŵضʯ
ߣƤ߶ô˵𣿡
ٴϺȻֹ֣ͣͬʱ̧ץƥǣˮͻͬʱһֻյĴ֣ƥǣ֮¡¡죬ʯ쾪
ǵסǣ磬ȥʯ
ƥһתֻ֮Ĵ֣һƥǼʯ
䣡䣡
춯صľ쳹˷ƥ˺ֻ֮Ĵ֣ˮκͻ
ͬʱһƥѾ嵽ʯԱߡ
ۿǼõʯһɫӰ˾ǰ
ʯ죡Ҷɫһ䣬ǰ˸˵ɫҲһ䡣
ʯĳڣʯʯЦˣһȭ˾ǣڣһʯѹǡ
ߣ̧צ͵һץ˺ʯҲú˼
һȭ˾ǣʯתʯ
𡭡
ʯ죬צУץʯͷ­
ʯЦתһȭ˾ǵצϣ𻨷ɽؽ
һڵϣɲǣʯ죬ʳײޱȡ
ʯߣɱ˾һȭȭǣȭ֮ɫϯ˷۳ɫʯѹ졣
ŲԾӰȣʯУצ̽צӡ裬пʯ֮
ʱһһɱѽѷ֣Ͼʯ
һĻҶ˱ˣʹסǵĹҲˡ
ʯҵַ侪ˣҲֻӵ͵ֵˣܺӵСǵ֡˽ɱ
ȻӵҲܺ˽ɱҲÿǿķѩķ֮Ͳ̫ߣķ֮ͺܾˡ
˵ƫԵڷƫԵҪһЩ
ҶĻƫԣԷ侪ˣԽ͡
սݵʱ򣬰úȻ˵С㣬ʯ浽ѹʲô
õĻҶתͷ˹ū
ūҶɫ΢䣬֮ɫôЩϤ
ݵľɺ󣬹ūŰõˣ˵ǸµģµĴ󣬷ӡĿ϶ǿ֮
˵ûȷʵǸ֣ϧôȥˣѾȱӡ֮ࡣħˮɴҶ塣
ԣҶ忴ŹūˣЦЦ˵ûȷʵģϧвȱӡ֮˲٣ǱӡĶò˶þͻˡ
벻Ҳͨ󷨣ҪǸӵҿ϶ΪҲʦū΢䡣
ԶԶҶЦ
ħˮɰҶ˼ٱ顣


116 
ܲܿѹʲôūҶ塣
ˮɣ浽ѹʲôҶæħˮɡ
㲻ǺΪʲôҪңħˮϷʡ
ĪҲ֪ѹʲôҶûʵ
ߣ䲻֪浽ѹʲôܸоĶ϶Ǹ֮һ˶ܲˡǻǾ뿪ĺãʯעˡħˮɴ
ҶԿŹūˣɫѹһ֮ǻǾ뿪ĺá
үûпЦɣգŴ۾ҶĻܲס
༸ҲܻҶĻɣçǲľͨ󷨡
˵û˲Ϣи֮ū˵ͷ
õ˲Ҷ壬ȴŹūūĻǼԼͬĿڣС㣬ȻΣգǸϽ뿪ɣ
ʯ컹ϾڵˣҲܿ¡ūɫ
С㣬ھȥʯүԥ˵
ūԶ;ǽֵʯ죬˵ȥɡ
ҰȥɣʵڲȥҲ٣
ҶЦȹū˵ѾһӰʯڵķ
һﻹǸˣ죬ǲ⡣
ٺ٣ãǲǿˣԲԸСȥʯүϷʵ
ޣôῴңҿ˳ǿˣ΢죬Цһ
ūҶԶȥıӰü΢ܾçЩ죬˫۾

ʱҶѾɵʯ첻Զ֪ūѾʼݡ
䣡
ʯ;ٴν֣ȭצཻ˷
ʯ֣㣡ҶЦתȼѪһȭѪ죬ȭӡѹǣ
Ц̧צһץʮѪâ𶯰˷
䡭
ȭӡѪâײ𶯣Ѫ糱ˮ㷭ӿ
ʯûһȭڣһʮɳʯײǣʯ쾪
ͫһˣԾ˵ʮɿ⡣
¡һʯѹڵأضΪ֮𶯣һ
ʯû׷תҶ壬Цл
ʯ֣Ǳλת㣬˵طһ֮ʯǸ֮ͻӳҶɫ
ĸʯ쿴ԶĹūɫ΢䡣
ʯ֣ʹʯҲֲ˶ãǸ֮ʱпܳǻǾ뿪ΪҶٴѡ
ʯ˵һЦסٴϡʯ졢Īʯҵˣ
ɫ䣬ͬʱתͷʯڷֻƯʯԱߣһȫ׹⣬һֳɫ乭
׽ɣ
׽Ԫ
˷׷һ׽ӵ֣׽Ԫӵ֣˶ߣ˺Ļʯ
ʱ׽ɳˣɵʯԱߣһǬɳȻ󣬹⻪˷˲䣬ʯͱǬס
գ׽ɵͺȣǬȻСʯߡ
ͬʱ׽Ԫʸ׹⣬ڵϡʯǴۣҪȡʯѴݻ١
䣡
ʸڴϣͷųҫ֮Ĺ⻪˷
˷׷ɫ䣬ȫʯǾԲʯ׽
Ҷ岢ûж֣ʯһˣ˵˹ūߡ
ߣ˵ز˾ūɨһ׽ɵˣתڡ
Ҷʯ˽
Ҷ˽ڵ˲䣬꣬һǵƷˣƱٴͷųһֲޱߵѹϯ˷
׽ɺ׽Ԫɫ䣬ˡ
סٴϵ˺ȻʧɫҲˡ
ǳˣѹֲޱߣѹʮأ˶ƺһɶ
׹ڵأȫһѪȻʧɫһй¶ѹ˿ֲ浽ѹź
ꡭ
ƲϷ飬󲻶ϱʯϣ𽥰⣬ȥ
˺ȻҲû룬ڣѾҪʯֻط

ܿ죬˾ͳ۵ĶѨɽС
ҶҲոɽûãٴϵǱӴܳӣҶɫ䣬ѵǸ֮Ѿƿˣ
ûҶ˰Ūף
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һɸߵıҩǰ걦ҩͨѪ죬ͷųѪ񷶼ӳˡ塢ѪϢľ˷·Ծĵаǣ
ҩ˷׷ɫ䣬ʯѹĶȻһ걦ҩ
ⲻǱҩһҩ˾㤡
šҩһϵȻƮ͵ı䳤˷ɷ
֦˷׷ɫ䣬æתߡ

ûüߣǵšͷ­
Ҷתͷһֻһ걻ᴩͷ­˲ɱȥһ߸ʬ
ֹҶ忴ˣ౻ɱҲˣȫѪˡ
ͬʱԶҲѪҺͬˣ˸ʬ
һĻһĻʹ˾ĪҩȻ鸣صѹƣ
ʯٴϵ˷׷ɫ䣬æȡ飬ǵıΣͷԲá
һ飬һӰзɳգһ˳ǰ
һҶȻʯ
ǵûǵȫսȴҲǿΪǲǱǰԲ鸣صѹƣϾֻǻ޷̫áħˮɴҶ塣
ѵЩĻҶɫһ䡣
ҩΪʲôѪ֮ʯԶɫ΢䡣
ץס𣿡̫׽̽ӰһǧգԱߡ
ʯ˵ӰҲһƾճߣγ˺Ϊ֮ơ
һĻҶɫ΢䣬þ˵ٶȣֻǵĻ
Ҷ֮ʣǧѪɫɨ˷ϻ죬ģѪ֮췭ӿ
ʯȭ죬ʯѹ𶯣ǳܲסֲޱߵһ
Ҳˣʱ䣬ؼ㴹䣬أɨͬʱͳˮҲϯؼ䣬ѹ
ֵĵɾǣһצ˺ʮ뺷
֣ܳѹϯ˷˶ܲסѹ˫Ȳסڵء


117 
¡
ʯ˵ĹȫϣŨ̷ûŨС嫵ನ˷ǧɳ
Ҷˣ˵ɿ⡣
ܺ;ҩһս춯أȫ˵
˾̾ʯ˵ǿʱŨɢȥĳǰ˷׷׾㤣һȻ˲걦ҩ
Ȼǧ֦䳤նɱ˷Ѫ֮췭ա

ֳֵֵĹȫɵ֮⡣
𾪣ҩֲ̫ˣȻ֣ȫϷ硣
ͻȻǧ֦Ťһǧ೤ɨ֮Ѫ죬ӿ
⵽ľǣ̧צ͵ץȴɣ¡һǧ֮Ĵϣ𶯣ǧɳ
ţɨ̽̽һˣſǧ
˹ȥǧ˲䱻նأ𺣡
¡
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ţ̫׽̽δն£Ѿݣȫܲסֲֿơ
̫׽̽ȣȻһɸߵˣأ漴ֻ̫׽ֽ̽ӡſ׹ʮء
ۿնɱ̫׽̽Ѿſ֮ϡ
¡¡
նɱھſϣȻը׹ɨʧɫ
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һ춯صľ죬̫׽ֱ̽ӱ룬׹⡣
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˾֮ʣնɱ˺ˮһն֮£ؽ翪ٵء
ˮδü֣ͱնɱأˮ
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һжڵʯ֮䣬ְܵʵ̫죬һַǳʵĸо
ߣ
Ҳû룬׷׶ӣ϶ᱻҩɱ
Ȼ˸ոߣҩѾ
ɫ䡣
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ಡ
⻪ūҶ˲ʧ
ͬʱٴϵҲ׷鴫⻪һȻ֣衣ٴϵ˷׷봫Ҳˡ
Щûü봫˲䱻ţ

֮⣬Ӱƾճ֣ȻҶ͹ūˡ
ӦðȫˣūתԶ裬Ѫ죬嫡
ҩڣǵļƻû취ˣʯɫһ䡣
Ҷɫ΢䣬ʯǵڽʲôƻ
Ҫ뿪鸣أΪҩʳĹ´ǻԽȥū
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ĹҶµʲô鸣һĹʯ˵ĿľĹ
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Ҷ͹ūĿȥֻҩһ֦һɽ壬ɽϵޱסȫ˸ʬžҩͣѪҺҩϢȻڲ
˵ҩѾǿ˿ɵˣھȻڲϱǿ
ѪĪ泤֮أôֱܻҩ
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泤֮أ˷׷׾ɣ˭˵
żΪĹƵģڿǰˡЦٴ쳹˷
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Ѫɢȥһߵľ˺Ȼ֣˾Ȼľͷ̳ˣ
һֻ֣зɳھϣȻըѪھڡ
һĻҶɫһ䣬֮ǰ֣а̵ΪʲôһЩսΪʲôˡ
õѪȻҪĹﶫҲֵˡ
Цٴ쳹˷ͬʱͷϣһͷƾճ֣ѹѹʮأս
˺ȻֻʮͷѣȻӵ˿ֲѹʵжǿ
˾֮ʣͷѾ˵üġ
˺ǿʵȻͷ鸣صĿռϣūһ
ȷʵǸ֣ĽǿħˮɴҶ塣
Ҷɫһ䡣
ʱ˻˫ۣҫ۵Ѫɨãأ֮زϱֲѪӾϯ˷纣
ȻһƾճھҩԱߣ죬ץҩ
ҩһ֦˴֮ϡ
䣡
غѪ죬飬ּץҩƲɵ
˷׷ɫ䣬ҩȻס˵һơ
ʱҩǧ֦ǵص˾ˣһĻ侪ˣ˿
˷һץסһ漴͵һ˦ʱҩ˦˸߿ա
Ȼҩʮ֦ھϣһҲŷɵ˰С
У˺;ҩɱ裬ˡһȭȭϱ飬ײأѪڡ
ҩ;ɱذ鸣ضΪ֮𶯣˶Ȼʧɫ
ʯ֮䣬ҩ;ѾɱǧУһ֦䣬ɲǣֱӰѵгһǧӣֱӱгأ
һĻʵ̫ˣ˵ǻؿҲΪսȥ鸣ضᱻٵ
ȻϵѪ棬Ļ¡
͡
ƬֻҽܲסѪɢ
ūüͷųͷ죬ݻһƯҶʯͷ
ʢѪڴϣպˮУ죬Ũ̹
˴ıҶ㰲ȫ

Զ˱ѪɱҰ


118 Ŵ
ҩ;˳Ͼ죬ɱ
ϣ˾ֲ׷鸣رԵܴѪ
䡭
ĺ쳹鸣أ˼ʡ
ͬʱ鸣֮⣬˲֪ʱѾ١
鸣شϢҩ;а̵ĸڼսһ̫׽̵ĳ˵
Ǿа̵ľżˮڵ˳Ͽڡ
а̵ʦڿľżҩûгĹĶ϶ᱻľżߡ鸣أǵĻľżĶ̵֡ĳء
鸣شϢҩѪĳϺȻ˵
Ѫ
˷׷ɫ䡣
˵ѪһıҩֻѪֵŻᵮĪǡʯ干²⡣
鸣棬поа̵ĸ˽˵
ܵ˿µľҩа̵ĸǰǸܡɫ䡣
Ҳ𣿡Ц
˵Щˣѵľа̵ǰĹ𣿡ʯȻڡ
ԣ˷׷ɫ䡣
ѪǿʹץסѪҲ϶ܲСˣʱۻ鸣أʹɱҲˡ̫׽̵Ľ
ǣ˷׷׵ͷҲֻ취Ͼǵı岻ܽ鸣ء

ԲߵʱԶһȺѹѹӰƯڰУȻȫǾа̵ˣ
Ϊ׼ΧסһߣţһͷƯǰѹ嫡
ǿѪǳλģһа̵ĳɻ
鸣سֵʱǾԶѾꡭһϳ
ǰҾа̶£ʵڵİٱ˭ɱλ棿ɻ
ǰҲܡһ̾
ߣҲǱɱģʹǣǸҲضһߡ

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һ𣬾ҩڵأ籩ϯ˷鸣ضһ
˴һ˾ҩԱߣѪ죬ѹ
Ҷ˿һĻ׷ɫ䣬ǰһľҩȻˡ
µѪΪ϶һ˹ЦЦ쳹鸣ء
ͷƤ飬˵ΪٽһĻ֪жֲ
ȫʤʱڿն걦ҩϧʱڣҵΪѻָħˮɵ̾ϢҶС
Ҷ尵Ծ˵ʵ˿ֲħˮɾȻ˵նɱˡ
ʱץ˾ҩ죬ѹǵأѹ˷
ۿҩУ
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˱ĵȻըѿһֻ׹Ǵץ˾ˣһ죬ֱӱ󱬣ľм
˺Ȼʧɫ
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Ȼ治ݣܿ죬һ߰ɸߵĺ䣬ѹ˷
˳ܲסѹȫڵأֲ̿ѡ
Ҷйū󷨵ֵ˴󲿷ѹǾ뺡ǺԶûбѹڵءˣҲоĪѹȫǽڶ졣
˾㤣鸣Ȼ˿ֲĴڡ
ͬʱ鸣⣬Ǹеʦ͵˫ۣһѪ
ʮϣа̵˷׷ɫ䡣
溡ǳˡʦžаˡ
а̵ɫ䡣
ΣǶõ溡ǣʦһֵɡ

ͬʱ鸣ڣ׹Ǿץ˾ҩܵĳ˵˰׹ϡ
ת˲֮䣬ҩͺͰ׹ںϣ˰׹Ǿ˵Ѫ⣬׹Ǿ˶ʱһ߸ʬֲޱߵѹϯ鸣ء
ʮءҼ޳ֻˡ
ʬͷӲ񷣬ɱͻȻŷҫ۵Ѫ⣬ɨ񷣬ܲס޳һ۵ѹƺҲڱβסۡ
˺ȻĪǴǰĹˣ
ᶫ֪㻹ţɸҳһս
޳ȻӲãأڣʮء
ѵ鸣ػˣҶ͹ū˷׷𾪡
ꡭ
ż޳£Զ˺ѣݣһ߽ɫǴӵˣ˸ϡ
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սܣڴˡ
޳ѪѪֱ񷣬׺嫡
ֻ޳̽ɱƣǧգǳһ㣬յץᶫ
ᶫüһһɫͷͷų衣
ʦ
Ҷ͹ū˷׷ɫ䣬ǰĴܾȻʦ
ۿ޳ĴץͷȻķģݻһδ󣬴Ԫ󣬻ʮŰѻƽ޽ڸ߿գʮŸɫ̫
ಡ
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ᶫͷųɫͷ죬ݻٿڻƽ޽ǵصɱ˼޳
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䡭
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޳һӣѪ֮裬ÿֻʮɳɱᶫѪ졣
ᶫ̩ɽûк˰벽ɫͷ裬֣һԪ󣬽ǧٿڻƽ޽նɱ˷޷֡
ֲײķ籩ɨ鸣أѹš
̫ǿˣʵ̫ǿˣʹȫʤʵҲסһָͷħˮɵ֮ҶС
Ҷʶħˮɵʵ֪ħˮ˵ʵǰŴ̫ǿˣħˮȷʵǵĶ֣һָͷܰħˮɣ
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ᶫǺˣܻܾа̵ĴܣԲ֮Ҷ忴Źū
£ص콾ʵ̫̫֮࣬һū


119 ɱ
£˭ܻôáҶ̾
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Ҷɫ΢䣬ħˮɣһﲻͻ˼ǧ
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Ҷ͹ūĿȥֻ޳ֳѪɫìȫѪ֮ɷˣѹ嫡
ᶫĽɫͷģݻһ޴󡰽󡱣Ԫ󣬽˻ƽ޽
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¡
Ѫɫìͻƽ޽ײ⻪ɨ˷ռ䲻Ťͳì֮â裬ǻ񷣬漫׳ۡ
䡭
ٴν֣ƽ޽Ѫɫìײײ֮ռ䲻Ť
˸˵ӰֻܿӰھ֮ϣÿλϣһ춯صײʧɫ
ʯ֮䣬ѾǧΣĿϾӡ
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һɫͷᶫüͷųķģݻ߸󣬽Ԫ߿ǧɳĻƽ޽䵽鸣صıԵԡڳ֮С

߿ڻƽ޽ᶫǰĴϣ𶯲ֹ
һ̣˿˼侪˵һĻᶫȻ߿ڻƽ޽ңƽָƽ޽Ľɫ쳹˷졣
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Ҳ͸಻ٸҲҡҡͷ

ڸ֮ʣ鸣ڣᶫԽΪңڵ࣬߿ǧڡ
жɱˣɱ˲顣ǧﲻҵɱСкжȻŵɱˣȺëᡣԣɱ飬۳£ֻǹ䡭
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Ҷʱоʶгһǿž޴ͷתܿͺͷںϣγһ֣
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ūҶ壬о֮ɫȻ޷⣬ΪʲôҶܾ֡


120 Ĺ
ӵˣȻܾ֣ʵ˷˼ū񿴹һۿҶ塣
ȻᶫЦСӣǧҪûɱ
Ц䣬ᶫȻԶգЦа֮ˣ
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ȻūҲҶ壬Ȼû˵ȴѾ֪Էʲô
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һŴܵĹͷޱȣʹûκҲĺòϣĸ᲻ġ

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Ҷ͹ūһۣ˵ӳһߵǽϷֱмţҲ֪ͨη
ܣܲģһдЦ
Ҷ͹ūûԥԼͬı˴š
Ƚȥں棬ΣյĻ뿪Ҷ嵱Ƚš
϶ūȥ¶ǳǳЦݡ


121 Ͻ
Ҷ͹ūͨǰȻʣȻһƬде֣һۿͷľï죬籡Ԫ档
̫׽̣ūŲԶ΢䡣
ҶĿȥʮˣȻȫ̫׽̵ˣ׽ɺ׽ԪҲС
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Ҷ硭ūҶ壬ȻڻþпҶ塣
ħ٣Ҷɫһ
ٺ٣ģڣ˲µģ
ħˮһЦľͷųīɫҩҩѰΧסūħ
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ħ٣ūɻ֪ղסħ١
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ħΪʲôҪץ飿ҶĻūɻĿҶ塣
ħٺ鶼Ǳҩ˵ħ顭Ҷ
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ʲôҲˣֻܼأϣܾȳ顣Ҷ
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ͨŻ߸ؿҲ˵߸عˣҶ͹ūѾʶħٵǶҵġ
ȻҶǰ䣬ЩȫǺɫģڹҫտ䶼̴С
Ҷ͹ūͣ˽Ųѵǵڶؿ
ǾȻƵħٵĻþǲ򵥡һЦǰĻд
ǵڶصع𣿡Ҷ忴Żԡ
ûҾǵڶصعˣٺ٣ҿɱħǳŮˣǾԹһءع˽Ц
Ǵ֮ǰܵðָǰɣҶЦ
ҶݵӣūҲ֪ΪΣҶΡ
Ѿиˣ㵱˼ҵ֣Դ𣿡ع˵Ц
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˼û֣ǼҹĸϲĻҲҡعЦ
ĸҶ͹ūһۣɫ΢䡣
˼Ȼĸ˼ҿûкӣС磬ɲҪᡣĸЦ
ĸģ²ġҶЦ
Ů˵֣Ȼйĸūһ
С磬˼ҾͲٷϻˣܰȻ߹ǰƬԣˡĸЦ
Ҷ͹ū뿴ǰĻԣǸʲô֮


126 ̬
Ҷ͹ū뻨ԣŻеСߣܿ˻
֡ūü΢
ʲôҶ忴Źū
طһ󡣡ūΧĻԡ
ҶĿĹˣȻתɫ΢䣬ū㿴档
ūתһ·Ȼʧˣȡ֮ǧʻÿ궼ʮɸߡ
ѵĸħһҲþҶɫ΢䡣
Ⲣǻþһ󡣡ū
˵ûȷʵһҪƵ󣬱Ƶڻơħˮɴ
ҶЦȻѾ֣󷨡
ūЦĻȻ£δؾƽⲻˡ
ūмɰգҶ忴ŹūħˮɶūǸţ˵ūƽĸõĻ
ɡ
ūЦЦԭüͷųͷͷģķգŮɢԣǳһҫۡ
ҶĿȥʱĻһĪƣߣһ뻨֮С
ͷĲٿǿᶫ˵ûͨ˵ħˮɴʦҪľԽǿͷԽ࣬ҶͷĿҲԽǿ
ôͷųͷҶʵ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪ԰ͷųˡħˮɴ
ҶԱ˫ۣоŰܿ죬еӿüģ˫һʱǰĺڵ㡣
ͷ
Ҷ֪ƯǰĺڵͷЩͷܶ࣬飬Ҳ塣
ᶫ˵ûȷʵͨ˵ʮͷҲͨ˵ʮħˮɴ̫˼ˣȻӵ֡
ҶûħˮɵĻһѾȫͷĲٿУͷĲٿ£һȺȥ
ûãҶͣʵˮɣôͷݻɷģ
ٺ٣ñøԶˣŸովֶѣݻġħˮЦ
۳ɲɣҪһԣҶ崫ûԾͷ硣
ðɣȻһԵĻҾ͸ˡħˮɴͷסԪķ̬Ѽ߼ʮϰٸͷںϾˡ
̬Ҷһ㶣Ҫôܲƾɣ
ֶ̬̬ȹ̣Ͱͷںϳ̬ˡħˮ˵Կ˵ķ̬ôģа
΢٣ħˮɼÿ󷨶ƹˣĹɵġĻۣǧٹ֣಻ʤҲǷ׷ӣ̬̬졣ǣʲô̬ķģҪĶǡȹ̡֡
ȹ̡Ҷ̧ͷŹūģūľȻǼ΢СƬ꣬ƬֻǷĵɲֶѣ֮⻹ķĵķϣǰ
ūģҶ˳˼ʲô̬ķĲȹ̵ģ
뵽뵽ʯ뵽˺ܶ࡭
ţҶ˹ūߣ˫ۣ÷ĵ̬
Ҷ÷̬ūƽɮһţؼԵøⰲ
ʱ󣬹ūѾƽƣɻȻûƽ⡣ͬʱҶȻ÷̬ǰͷסԪǼںϣʮʮںϣġ
̬γֱݻɷģͬʱ̬Ҳڲϸı䡣
һĻħˮɷǳԾû뵽ҶȻô̵ʱݻġ
ݻʲô̬ķģħˮɲȷҲ²ⲻ
ʦԺЩһĶȹ̣γɵҲʮ־ˣϧЩ̫ӣҲʦ͸Щĵԭʼ̬Ļҵ԰ʦԺķĴСӡħˮɰϧ
ʦԺʦʥأֹϵġ̬õһ֣һʦ޾֮⣬ʦԺҲţëƹū󡱵󷨣Ƕ಻ʤ
ҲѹħˮɻʦԺע⣬ϾõʦԺĴУҶػһɳ졣
ʱҶͷݻɵķٴαţͷٴݻɷġ

Ҷ뵽˴Ķʹȹ̡
йŴŶѹݡ̳ԭսưԣ˷Ϊʶʱڣ㶦ⶼ˵ˡȶ
ԣҶԼݻһڡ
Ҷ岢˿̵ķ̬ݻѾŸٴںϣŶһ붦֮ͷӣγһµķ̬Ŷģ
Ȼӣȴȹޱȣ᲻ɴݡ
ʲôģħˮɿŶģһ
ȻҶȡ˹ū飬󷨻֪ʶ鱾Ҷϸϼż󷨣һǴ
ҶϸĦƣư壬ʱſʼԹơ
ҶĲٿ£ŶĻۣһƣԽԽܼվȻݻһʹ
ʹͼƯڰУתתʣҫ֮
Ȼʹոγɣ̾ʹ˹ĸõĻ󣬻зɳһɫģħƵĺɫ֣յץ˴ʹ
䣡ɫץڴʹϣʹһתȻѺɫָ÷飬ġ
ūʱѣʹ˺ɫ֣оǾ֮ɫ
ߣҶȻץסū֣봫ʹ
ವһҶ͹ūͬʱʧڴʹС
һ̣ǰ죬УӰڵϣҶ͹ū
߳ˡҶתĻԣЦ
Ҳô󣬿֪ҲõĴ϶סĸɱ󡭡ūҶ壬оǾ֮ɫʵ޷һոճΪʦˣȻܲóôȹ̵Ĵ
󷨵ȡ棬һƣǷġҶ岼õĴǹūģԹū뵽Ҷ岼õĴ֮Իôȹ̣϶Ϊġ
ūɵҶЦЦͷųͷݻˡŶġ
ūŷģݣʦȻóַĵ֮
ȻĸЦС磬Ѿͨڶˣҿɵ㣬صѶȺܴܴصѾǷëǣĹص˲ڵأٺ٣һҲûУΪ֮


127 Ѫ
ĸĻҶ͹ūɫ΢䣬ǿɲΪĸĻΣ
˺ܿ侲õᶫµĴУͱ봳أѾûѡ
侲󣬹ūҶͨȥ
ܿ죬ͨϾͳһƬѪأסҶ͹ūȥ·Ѫ죬ɷˡ
ءҶ͹ūɫ΢䡣
ˣܰɴժ𣿡ѪкȻЦ
ΪʲôҪģūЦ
ٺ٣ɴժҿԿǷȥѪеЦ
ǸǲҪǹȥҶȻЦüͷųͷʱ죬һʹ˲γɡ
Ҷ͹ūͬʱ˴ʹ
ٺ٣ΪĸĻʲô˲ģɲ˵߾ߵġ
ѪдЦͬʱѪغȻѪˡ
䣡
죬ѪϣУӰһҶ͹ūѾѪ˽ضϣҶ͹ūѾôߡ
ٺ٣ˣʹ㲻ժɴҲ֪źˣ
ŹЦѪкȻһֻѪɫ֣ץūѪ졣
ūͷųͷ죬󣬾ڿնѪɫ֡
䡭
춯صײ쳹죬Ѫɫֺ;ͬʱϯ˷
СˣȻ鸣صѹƣҵĶ֡
Ц쳹أѪһѪ紥֣ǵصľū
һĻҶɫһ䣬ȥæѪкȻһֻѪɫ֣ա
ҶֻǻѪ߶ѣֵסֵֻĹΣͷҶ弱æתȼѪҿˡ󽣵֡һѪɫ֡
󽣵Ҷʮ֮Ѫʮɳľ޽Ľݺ˷
ˢһնѪɫϣѪɫֶʱ룬ķѪͬʱҶʯ㼱׹£һѪأѪ졣
ҶѪأūҲû룬æѪء
ٺ٣СˣѾˣʹҰɡ
ѪдЦţѪӿ۳ʮѪˣ˹ū
ūҧȣ鴤һޣΧʮѪˣӰݺᡣ
ʮѪ˲䱻޺ɱѪ꣬ЩѪܿ۳Ѫˣ˹ū
ūҧź촽Ť޻ǧԲȦɨ˷ϻ죬»ģء

Ѫ£ҶںʮѪ˽֣ûˡ
ԶԶȥҶһħȫڣϵĺɫȻ֮عҲû뵽ҶѪУȫҶ壬ΪҶӵɵ֣ԴѪеѪ
˳ѪҶԺ޹˼ɵʹô󽣵֣ÿγʹĹֳִ󽣣Ҷɱ˷ݺʮ˷Ѫˣһնɱ
ҶѾӵо󣬾ʮޱȡҪ֪һ¾죬ҲᳬʮֻܵܳԽʮ
˵ѪУҶѾ˺ֵܽʸ񣬵˵ͨߵĲѾ̫
ѪеѪ˸ûߵʵԸҶĶ֡һѪ˲ϱնɱѪҺѪأܿ죬Ѫֻ۳ѪɱҲɱꡣ
ͨˣ϶ᱻҶ岻ᣬΪӵɵ֣ԲѪеѪҺ
ٺ٣СˡһЦȻصѪС
ҳһս𣿡Ҷ˵
ٺ٣СӣҺαس㶯֣ҵĿֹأֲɱ㡣Ѫе˹Ц
㲻ĻƾЩѪ˸סҡҶЦˡ
ǿδءѪеЦóܹǸСˣֻҪץסǸСˣ㲻־ܡ
ūʵԶ֮ϣץס𣿡Ҷ弥Ц
ٺ٣Ѫڣ޷ԪᱻҺѪе˹Ц

Ѫе˻䣬һ˾ѪأѪص쳹Ѫء
ҶĿԶʱһɫӰȻѪеӦǹū
ٺ٣СѾҾͲㆪˡѪе˹Ц
Ҷɫһ䣬Źūڷ˹ȥ
ಡ
һѪ˵ҶǰǰҶ塣
Ҷȣ󽣺ݺʮҫ֮
ʮѪѾնɱѪء
ɱĲǿѪˣɱҵѪҾءѪе˹Ц
䣡
ѪضΪ֮𶯣ѪҺӿ۳һѪɫսףֳսѪѹ嫣ɱˡ
Ѫ̧ѪɫӿҶ壬ɨ֮Ѫˮӿȫܲסһ֮
Ҷɫһ䣬ѪǿϢԽ˹ū
Ѫǰ֮˵ѪҺƵģѾɱ˺ܶളˣĶ֡Ѫе˹ЦúǰĿ־ɣǧҪңǵصعˡѪԡ
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ÿ죡Ҷɫ䣬ʩչӰٲʮɣնյıܿѪɱС
ѪһնգݺɣѪˮһɳմȻ֡
һգѪ̼תٴնɱҶ壬ݺѪأһʱ䣬ҶǰȻֻʣҫ۵ĵ⡣
ΣͷҶȻתɵ֣˷Ѫˮӿӿ֮ɡ
ʱҶеĴȻ䳤ʹ˶ֽ֮һݺᣬһѪɫ
𡭡
쳹ѪأѪɫײѪսϣƿѪˮ
ѪֱһȻ˼
ʱѪɫȻζѪ嫣ˡ
ѪսնѪɫͷ­ϣѪأϲ񷣬ضΪ֮ʧɫ
ѪɫȻѪһսն룬󽣹⣬ɢ˷
ҶûѪȹĻᣬɱѪǰѪ֮һѪɫѪ
Ѫȫ壬ͻսݺᣬɱѪɫϱնɱ
춯صĵײ쳹Ѫأħڲɱʱѡ
ʯ֮䣬ҶѪʹѪؼ֮ɱѪؼ֮أ֮Ž͵⡣
Ѫ棬Ѫˮӿǽǵ⣬ϴѪ񷡣
ҶȻʹɵֺʹ󽣵֣Ȼ·磬Ѫսʵ̫ˡ
˲ɱʮغϺҶͷų˴֮ϣ󽣵ȻʱҶѪڶ˸൱·硣
һĻѪĳѪƿڴ꣬⾿ʲô̥֮⣬Ȼ


128 ɻ

ײѪս۶ϣնѪϣѪն룬Ѫˮ
ҶĴ󽣼ҼӲޱȣټϻѪеսܵס󽣵Ĺ
ߣѪԵѪأȻǳġ
Ѫ㲻˵㻰ɣҶ嵭Ц
ߣ˵㻰ǸСѾȥˣҲɣѪߡ
ҶһЦѪԣѪϷȥ
ܿ죬ҶɳѪأūѾѪϿյҶ塣
Ҷ尲Ȼū˿
˿̵Ĺūɴ֪ʱѾժ¶˾գʹҶĿⲻһ͡
ݵʧҶɫѪԺпܻᷴڣ뿪˵
ū˵ͷ˵ͨƿշȥ

Ҷ͹ū뿪Ѫصʱһط̫׽̵ϾȻҲִһƬѪءֻѪҲɹͨѪһء
̫׽̵⣬Ҳͨ˵أںˮںڵȻͣڵڶء
Ҷ͹ūǴˣ̫׽̵ϣҶ͹ūҪһ
һҶ͹ū֪˿̣ѾִͨŵĹء
Ĺ֮ȻһƬҩ԰ָҩĶУܲҩ԰ϼε籡磬Ƣ
Ҷ͹ūҩ԰ɫ΢䣬ĪǵĹصعһ걦ҩ
ǺǣλСѣϷһ⣬ǵĻش⣬ҾǹءһϵЦҩ԰д
֪ǰʲô⣿ҶЦ
ֻһ˸ȥǸô죿Цʵ
Ҷ͹ūһۣԼͬ˵ȹȥ
ǺǣϷǳһ⣬Ǹɴ඼ȥ𣿡Цˡ
ǰ˶ȥ˵ô죿ҶЦ
ǺǣϷȻǡЦЦ
ԣҶ͹ūɫ䣬ֱԼĶ䡣
ǺǣôҶ˵ǹȥˣôߣϷı⣬ǿɾûˡЦ
лǰҶ͹ūлһۺҩ԰
ûãҶ͹ūҩ԰߹Ȼûгˡ
֣ΪʲôǹأҶ忴ŹūĹصعڷˮ
ūü΢Ҳ֪ǸΪʲôǹء
ɻʱһЦˡ
Ҷ͹ūɫ΢䣬뿴ǰʱһƬ𺣣𺣸ߴɣ糱ӿǡ
ҲΪǣֻҪܴƬ𺣣ǹءع˴Ц
󣡡Ҷ͹ūһۣͬʱ뵽ƹصİ취
ѧ˺ٴҲ١ūһЦһǬڹâһɳ
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ʦ󷨺似һҲΪ˷Ľף˽Ʒ󷨡
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ūҶ岼óĺ¶֮ɫǻʱŲóʮʱƿء
Ҷ弸ʱѧẮٶȾԿƿֲ
ԴˡҶվƯͷ
ūҲͷųͷҲ˺󣬱ڱѩУūӶˡ
СģҶ˹ūһۣ𺣣ū¶Ц̣ȥ
УҶ͹ūУͷ󣬺ת˻档
Ҷ˸ĻˣʹͷųĻ棬ʹкҶҲܡ
ūϾܣǿȴκβҶͲͬˣԽȥԽо
оҶϢЩңū΢䡣
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Ҷ͹ūɫ΢䣬ͬʱǰУɫӰ
ū鴤ޣˢһ˳ȥ޹֮磬ūȻϲ˺

޳ӭĽɫӰϣɫӰɳȥԶȻһֻɫʨӣˣȫ
ͬʱҶҲȭһɫӰȻҲһֻɫʨӣ˶ݣϲͷų档
Щ鶼ɱԶڻˡع˵ĴЦ𺣡
飡Ҷɫ΢䣬Щʵǿղű˵ֻƽʨӵʮ֮ڹū˵ֻӵʮӿֲ
𡭡ƽʨٴηҶ͹ū
Ҷ͹ūͷ󣬺ͻƽʨɱ𺣶ɱ졣
սУҶȻͷų˻һ˻
Ҷ忪ɵ֣ȫ֮󲿷ֻ涼֮ɣʣĻ򱻻ס
ֵס˻Ҷ忪󽣵֣ӽնɱ˻ƽʨӡҶ𾪵ǣһնȻ˻潣ޱȣƽʨӸ޷ֵ˲䱻նɱ
ɵ˻󣬿Լӳڴ󽣵ϣңյĻԽ࣬Խǿ
ҶĿһûƬ𺣣ԶҲܷ
˻֮󣬴󽣾л֮ô֮󣬴ǷҲ֮뵽Ҷ̲סĻ󽣵Ĺֱǿ˲١
𡭡Ҷ˼֮ʣһƽʨɱ
Ҷתɵ֣֮ɢ˷Ļ汻ɡ
˻Ҷƽʨӣһ죬ʮɳĻ潣նɱ˻ƽʨͷ­ϣƽʨӶʱն룬档
һ侪ˣıɸĻ棬ǿ
Ҷͬʱֺع˲ƿڴүģСǸ̥
Ҷûعص˳˿̣͹ūһ·𺣣;նɱƽʨӡ
ʱҶ͹ū߳˻𺣡
뿪𺣣Ҷ͹ū˿
ءҶ͹ūһۣǰȥ
ؿ϶ޱȣҶ͹ūҲ֪ܴܲȥѾܺˡֻͨأǲܵõᶫµĶ


129 ү
Ҷ͹ū뿪𺣵ʱ̫׽̵Ҳ뿪˻𺣣ǼҶһء
Ѿ˴أأλҪץʱ䡭
һĴЦ쳹ͨţ˶ķ顣
ôܣȻһ˴أ̫׽̵ɫ䡣
ߣģ˭ܱǿ죡Ŀĳм
ȻнıҲܵġһɫ
ģᶫĴп϶̫׽̵ģ೤ϴЦ˿ûҶ͹ū
һЦҡҡͷٶԡ
߰ɣء೤һЦǰȥһϽ

ʱҶ͹ūѾִ֮ء
֮أȻʯˣЩʯǿ׳ޱȣͨ˵ߡ
ʯһ֧ľӣɱ졣
ѾǶʱˣǾȻڲŵһЦʯ˴洫
صعˣҶ͹ūһ
ͷֹƨûУϲţܹһҲ㲻ʲôع˵Цٴδ
Ҷ͹ūһ˸ع˵Ĺϵá
ˣҽүĻ˵ֱӷǹءعЦ
֪βү⣿ҶЦ
ٺ٣ʵҵҪܼ򵥣ֻҪҳԱˣүٺЦЦ
ԱҶ͹ūһۣЩЦá
ǲҪ˵̫磬֪үÿҪԶٵĻǿ϶˲үЦЦ
֪үһٵҪԶٶҶЦʵ
ūҲܺ棬үжܳԡ
ҶʱܳԵϰ⣬ҿʵʱܺȵһӣҳԱ𣿡үЦ
Ҷ͹ūɫ䣬һﲻǿЦɣ
ܴ˿ЦҳԱҾͷǹȥ򡭡
үĻ˵Ҷǰʯͬʱǰ벽ǧֻͬʱأ¡һͨŶ𶯣˵ɱʯ˴ӿѹҶ͹ūˡ
Ҷ͹ūɫ䣬æʮ
ЩʯսǿӲĻûκλᡣ
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ҲûСҶЦ˭ϰ⣿
ѵû취𣿡ūü΢
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̧ͷŹūҶ崫Ϳҵĺˣһǹȥģ
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үʲôܳ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ٺ٣㵹˵ˣҲܳ⣬ʯҲܳԣûҲܳԵģǸСѾͷҲܳԡүЦ
ūȺֺЦ
үҳܳԣҲԱ޵֡ҶЦˡ
˵ʲô˵Ӳµһүˡ
үû֮ǰȷʵµһ֮ͲˡҶЦ
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Сӣô˵ˣѵ㲻Ҹӱ𣿡үЩͷˣѾʼߴ١
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үĴЦɲǣĽŲŴͨŶ𶯡
Ҷ͹ū̧ͷһʯȺ󷽣һϰɸߵӰת˲֮䣬ɸߵľ˾ͳҶǰ
үȻһֻܣߴɣȫǽɫëҫۣӾͺ̫һ
ֲ˵ܳԵϰ⡭Ҷĭ
ū˿үֿ˿Ҷ壬Ͼǵ֮ɫҶС壬ܳԶ٣
¡үҶǰһɫƱˣǰ˷
Ҷ͹ūүһЦСӣҪӱ𣿡
ȻҪȣҶ̧ͷүЦܳԶٶԵĶûҶ࣬Ҳñˡ
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үۼΪʵ˭֪㵽ܲܳô⣿ҶЦ
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ʱүȻİˣֻʣһС֣ʳʵھˡ
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СӣڿˣүЦ
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Һûзڡū˿
ǵƢȻЩɶ˵㻰ˡ
΢٣ҶЦأϣصعҲ˵㻰
˵ţҶǰȥū

Ҷ͹ū߹صʱ̫׽̵˴鷳ڱʯΧ
ʯսʱһ̫׽̵ĳϱʯնɱ׹⡣һϳûűɴߣնյĴʯ˵İΧ
ͨŵ̫׽̳Ϲֻʣһ
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Ϊֹصֻһ̫׽̵ĳϣҶ͹ū˭ܵôᶫµĶδ֪


130 꽻
ʱҶ͹ūڵִ߹֮ء
߹֮أǧƯڰУÿŶʮɳƮ裬ǳ׳ۡϵֲԾƱˡ
߹أҶ͹ū
Ǻǣˣû뵽Ȼ߹أѵãѵáһϵߴ
ǰôͨ߹أҶʵ
Ϸأ˵Ѳѣ˵ҲסЦ
ūҶһۣûߵ˼
ϷҪܼ򵥣ֻҪܹۿϷʱϷǹȥЦЦ
ۿҶ͹ūɫ䡣
ûֻҪܼʱϷͷǹȥ
˵ʱȻҶ͹ūҶ͹ūΧΧת
ϵһɳ춼֣嫵ѹϯ˷
Ҷ͹ūɫ䣬ʱоĪѹѹ壬ϵѹ
Ҷ͹ūǳ˵Ȼܼ尾ɢѹʵֲ̫ˡ
ʱҶ뵽ʱܹأɫ
ūɫҲأֵѹû취ֻܿǿ
Ǻǣ˶ʦͨǿҺڴǵܼܲʱЦ
Ҷ͹ūһۣͬʱͷųͷͷ裬Χסͷĵֵͷųѹڱ˲١
Ǻܿ죬ַɳ֣ѹӺ嫣Ҷ͹ūѹٴӡ
󣡡ūȻڡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵úͷģݻɴƯͷ
磬ͷųֱ󲿷֣Ҷ͹ūѹ˲˿
һ̣Ҷ͹ūɫֱˣǧȻתɳ˸֡Ҷ͹ūʱӣɫò԰
һ취԰ǵסѹħˮɺȻҶ塣
ʲô취Ҷ崫ʵ
ܰںϣ󷨵ǿұʦԺĵΧƺҲܰںϣ󷨵ħˮɴ
ôںϣҶʡ
Ҳ֪ʦֻܿԼˡħˮɴ
ҶԹū˵ū취Ѻںϣ˵֧ʱ
ںϺ󣿡ū΢䡣
ûȳ԰ѷںϣȻٲú󡣡Ҷ˵ͷ
ū˵ͷٴͷųͷġ
ҶҲͷųͷݻŶģ͹ūķĽ֯һƬ
ȫһǶû뵽ĺͷĽ֯ʱ򣬱˴˼ȻҲ˸Ӧָо˾ͺڻһһҲֱ˴ˡ
ū̧ͷҶ壬ҶҲ̧ͷŹū˳ˮɵĸоȻû˵ȴʤǧ仰ʤ
ͬʱ˵ĻںϣūġġȻˡŶġ룬γһµķ̬ǰȹ̡
˼ԼͬĿƷģݻƣԽԽ࣬ڻһ
µĺܾ޴绪ǰƯͷ˷ʮ֡
Ҷ͹ū𾪣±ǿֹԶԶԽǰõĴ
֮ܳɹΪб˴ӵжԷԲںϡزʶˣ޷ںϣԱ˴˺
ʦԺЩ֮ںϴΪÿˣÿˣСĬУҲϳԣںϴ
˺ˣֵֵܺܣں󷨣һϵˮ齻ڣĪ⡣
Ҷ͹ūܳɹںϺ󣬾ԲżȻ
ĺҶ͹ūڵֵס˺嫵ѹѹڼǵѹҲܼܲʱδ֪

Ҷ͹ūסѹʱ̫׽̵ĳҲѾִ߹أҲڵֵѹ
˳Ծǣ̫׽̵ĳϾȻɵֵסѹϸһüпźɫʯڹ˸Ϊʯ̫׽̵ĳϲŵֵסѹȻűʯǼ
̫׽̵ĳѾֵѹʱͨ߹أҶҲŸոյֵһʱѡ
ٺ٣ᶫĴע̫׽̵ġ̫׽̵ĳϵЦͣ߶ֵѹ
ʱĺܿ죬תۼʱ͹ȥˡ
Ҷ͹ū̫׽̵ĳ϶סѹ
ܿ죬ֹ˰ʱ̫׽̵ĳϿЦʱˣ
ʱһ̫׽̳ΧȻʧѹҲ֮ʧ
Ѿ߹أȥڰ˹أлǻ뵰ĴС
һЦͬʱ̫׽̵ĳӰһģһʧ
Цͨţ˵ɫһ䣬Ҷ͹ū
ǻаʱû뵽Ѿǰͨ߹ˡūҶ壬һ䡣
лܴУδؾܳɹδûлᡣҶЦ
ƺҶĸȾūҲЦ˲١
˾ֵѹȴš
ڣʱȥˣҶ͹ūҲʱ
û뵽ξȻ˳ɹˣҲȥڰ˹أǸ뵰Ĵаɣ
ĴЦٴδͬʱҶ͹ūҲƾʧ
һ̣Ҷ͹ūͬʱһĿռС
ǰȻһĹɵ̨ף̨׾ͷȻһöĹɵУҲ֪ͨʲôط̫׽̵ĳϲڣҲ֪ȥʲôط
Ƕʮ̨֮ˣɵ֮СһϵĿռ䡣
Ҷ͹ūһ̨ۣ׷ȥ̨·ƽ̨ϡ
ٺ٣ҿǣһͨŵĻѶȻУòҪʹûղиȻֻһͨţٺ٣ôˣԼ°ɡ
һЦȻĿռڵĴžȻҲСͨš
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ǰ˵ͨ˵ʮȥĻõеĻ󡣡ūɫ
ʵǿĻһЩҶЦЦ
㲻ȥҲȥūܼ
ٺ٣˸ǣʹϵڶʮ̨ףҲϵõǻ뵰ĴСԣ˭ȥνοҲδܵϵڶʮ̨סղҶ˵Ц
÷˰ɣūЦ
Ҷ˵ͷȵͨš
ʵ˭ȵϵڶʮ̨ף˭ܵõǻ뵰ĴУղүֻǸǿЦѡ
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ҶɫһүȻڲŰЩ˵


131 ʥͼ
СӣҲûãǸϿͨŰɡүЦ
ҶͨȥոյϵڶףͿʼʮ򡢶ʮʮ򡭡ת˲֮䣬ȻԽ˰ʮ
ֻһּ󡭡Ҷ
µûȷʵһּڵڶ̨վȵҪӵаʮүЦﵽ˰ʮ˵ӵеϵڶ̨׵ǱֻҪŬպ϶ܴﵽ߶ȡ
ӦҲˣûеϵ׵ǱҲ޷վȡҶϵ̨ס
¡
ͨ𶯣Ҷɢ嫵ѹƲת˲ӵϰ
ٺ٣֮ǰǼһڶ׶޷վȣǸǿˡүЦ
ū΢䣬ղ֮ǰ߹أʵ϶û뵽Ȼֻܵϵڶ̨ס
ȻҶ˵Ľ̨ס
¡
ͨٴ𶯣Ҷƺ嫵ѹϯ˷ūΪ֮ɫ䡣
Ľףٺ٣Ŭǰи˵˵ڰ˽ףЩࡣүЦ
ڰ˽סҶĿһʵǡ
Ҷϵףͨٴ𶯣Ҷƺѹʮ档
ף츳ȥϧ̫ĿռĳһƯڰеĴУүЦ
үĺСͯñǣöëһ
үϴܵϵʮ𣿡үԶȻһֻܣȻү
үСӵ츳ܾˣ϶ͨʮ̨סһͷݵĻƽͷʨЦŸͷ­Ŵ죬
СӺаţǱֲֹʮô򵥡һѪЦ
гЩ⣬ħپȻҲڣ֮⣬һźµˡһͷһŵˡ
ֵǸˣϰӣȻǴһ޴ĻдģȻŮӲˣǱҩ
߽ˡүȻЦ
ԣүѪԵ뿴֮⣬ǵĿƺܴķĿͨš
ȻҶѾ˵̨߽ףƺѾǰδеĸ߶ȣս
Ҷٴʵǣ˵ڰ˽̨ף嫵ѹϯ˷
ٺ٣ڰ˽ǱϧǲүЦ
ڰ˽ȷʵҶ̧ͷŸߵ̨ף⡣
̧Ҷٴʵǣ˵ھŽ̨ף
ҶʵǣʮסʮһסʮףʵףҶͣ
ʮףħٺͺ˶𾪡
ٺ٣ʮף츳ϧǲһ㡣үҡҡͷ
ϴҪ̫ߣܵʮ׵ѾܲˡͷʨЦ
䣡
ͨźȻүңȥʱҶѾ˵ʮ̨ס
˿̵Ҷ壬磬ûͣ½ŲʵǣʮĽסʮסʮסϵʮףҶͣ½ŲѾһֲ˼ĵز
ʮףΣǸŵ˺ү⣬үȫһ
ү㵱˵ʮ߽ףСӵ츳ѾˡүˢˢĿŵˡ
ܲΪүֻЦŵ˵ͷ
˵СӺаţѪգգ۾
ٺ٣СӾȻŮˣպǿˣɾͲˡүѪԣϷʵ
ٺ٣үɲ˵ʲôʱŮˣҿԭˣٺٹЦ
˵˾ˣôϻүһ˹ȥֱӰѪȷɡ
ħٺͺĿ⿴Ѫԡ
¡
һ춯صͨϴү뿴˹ȥ
ҶȻ˵ʮ̨߽ף˵ǱѾү
ΣүɫҲ΢΢˱䣬ֻүܱƽ
ʱҶٴʵǣʮ˽ףʮŽף
ֲѹҶɢĿռ䶼Ϊ֮𶯡
ϴСӾȻҲʮŽסү뿴ү֮ɫ
Ҹʲô΢٣үЦСӵǱӦòֹڴˣʥǻ뵰ҵˡ
ߣǰǧĻ뵰ҲǺùүͬʱһ
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¡
𶯣ͨϵҶѾ˵ڶʮ̨ףѹĿռ䡣
Ϸʥʥͼںˣ˵նħһ塭
һϵҶУţͨŻ⣬ʧؼ䡣
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һ̣Ҷ͹ūƾճ鸣һС
һɫҶУϻһƬãأоŲϼÿϼ϶޾ĵׯϣǵţһɫŰѾͲãӡ
ۻ׳ʷ󿪴ϣȴֲʧϸ壬̾Ϊֹ
ϷȻдšʥʡɫ֣ԾƱˡ
ʥͼҶ
Ҷ磬㿴ţ񡭡ū΢䡣
ͨţҶ忴Źū
ٺ٣СӣˣʥͼϵȷʵͨšʥͼкȻЦ
Ҷ͹ūɫһ䣬뿴Ż
СӣȻѾǸ뵰ĴˣǱǰ㡣ʥͼЦ
үҶɫһ䡣
ûҾүүЦ
Ϊʲôʥͼ棿Ҷʵ
ߣΪطǱʥǸ뵰ʥͼġүߵ
֮⣬߸عҲʥͼ𣿡Ҷʡ
ٺ٣Сӣ¶ˣүȷʵʥͼ棡үЦȻ
ѵղǴصʱҲʥͼ棿Ҷɫ΢䡣
ûղȷʵʥͼ棬ĻʱԽʥͼѾġһЦȻǵڶع˹ĸ
ҸôȥҶĿһ
Ѿʥǻ뵰ĴˣֻҪʥͼͿԽʥͼĸЦҿҪ㣬ָǣǲκ£ܸ㹻Ĵۡ
ѵʥǰ𣿡Ҷ岻ŭЦ
ߣǻ뵰ѾˣȻĴΣͷʨ
Ҷ嵭ȻһЦ᲻ף˸ع֮ԲΪΪ̫ں˸ع˵̬ȣҲԸһߵ
ǻ뵰˵Ĵ˱뿿Լǲ㣬ȫϸ᳹ԣɲҪǡүЦ
С磬ʥͼʮ츣أֱǵ;졣ҹܣڵΪʹʥͼҲֻܴﵽ棬ԺµĻҾСĸȻЦ


132 ڤ빦
硢硭ĸĻҶɫ΢䣬ʥͼھȻʮ츣ء
ʮ츣ضʥµĶõµĶֻܿԼǿɰﲻ㡣үȻ˵
ûϾ죬ֻͨͨţͨ飬սʤܵϾ졣û㣬ЩʵǿսʤǿûôסĸЦ
顭Ҷɫ΢䡣
ģû飬Ͼ죬Բ顣ĸЦھҪǻ뵰ĶԽá
ԣҶ忴ŹūɫϾͳ
Уһȥūҡҡͷ
ҶԥƬ̣˵ͷͷųͷһʥͼ
ͷһҶ͹ūʧһ̣ƾճʥͼڲһС
һŮӣŮֻϰӣӾȻǴӻġ
ĸҶ͹ūһµ˺Ůӵݡ
ӦǧֱҩϡУѾ֡ħˮɺȻҶ塣
ǧҶɫ΢䡣
ǧȻǱҩҲʦʦִͨܶ󷨡ħˮɷǳĽ
ʱĸЦС磬Ҫǻ뵰µĶ͸˼ɡ
˵ţɫѾɳ
Ҷ͹ūһۣ
ܿ죬ĸҶ͹ūһƯŷģɢɢ籩ƽ㣬쳹
ǻ뵰µĶ˵Щ̺һϵڤ빦ֻܲܿԼˡĸЦ
ڤ빦ūһ䡣
ڤ빦ʲôҶ忴Źū
Ĺͽڤ빦ū͵ÿ˵궼Էɱ䣬ÿɱʦ˵սΨһš
ɱ䣡ҶĿһʵֻҪڤ빦ͻᷢͻ𣿡
ڤ빦ԽãɱĻԽ󡣡ū˵
ʥµڤ빦ƵڶĻûκڤ빦ԳƵһĸȻЦ
Ҷ͹ūͬʱɫ䣬ݵĳԾҶʵʥǰʲôˣ
ٺ٣ʥ̫ã޵µʱǵڻûأ˵Ҳ֪ĸЦЦֵǲڤ빦ɣ˼ˡ
Ŀ͹ĸȥҶ͹ūһۣߵ˴룬ϸŷġ


Ҷ͹ūһۣɫͬʱˣЩĵ̬Ȼͻ
ηĺͻηģ㣬ȹ쳣ַݻ󷨣Լ侪ˡ
Ҷ͹ūԾ֮ʱĶݻƣ
ڤ빦Ҷ͹ūԼͬѿڶ
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ٴݻһһͷͷ׻׻;ڴУХ𶯰˷
Ҷ͹ūԼͬڵأͷųͷݻԼķģ衣
˶Ŀ򣬵ݻģݻƣݻǾͳɹˡ
ɡڤ빦ԲһһϦܳɹģҶ͹ūҪߵ·ܳ

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ΪѪ˿Զգ鸣֮Իγɣ¾Ϊᶫλ棬ұȥһ
䣬ѪϺȻͷųѪ֮ϯ˷ƺƵ
Ѫ֮һѪˡһƾʧ
һ̣Ѫ˵Ļ鸣أ鸣أüͷû뵽ᶫȻѾȥ꣬Ȼӵ˿µ
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133 뿪
ڴоҶ͹ū˫ۣ˵һ׶εġڤ빦
ǴѹͷҲģֻͷֱüġ
û뵽ǻǻ뵰µڤ빦ĸĽЦӴ⴫
Ҷ͹ūһһɫеǹĸ
ĸһ˵䡣ҶЦ׼ȷ˵鲢࣬ϽΡ
ٺ٣㲻õСѾͷڸүүһ𡣡ĸЦ
үүҶ͹ūɫ䡣
үүҲǰ˸ع֮һĸЦүү봳ͨ뿪Ĺȴ뱻ʥǻ뵰־ѹ˵عˡǽĹصʱǲ˹ǹأ
Ҷ͹ūףĹصʱǸعΪʲôˮˣǸعүү
ɱָϼһԺ㣬ҺħŮ֮⣬ع˵ı嶼ѾѹĸЦսʤͨϵ飬ǻ뵰µԿףܽ⿪ǵķӡ
ԿףħŮҶɫ΢䣬֪ħŮ˭û뵽ү˵ıȻѹˡ
ħŮħ٣ӦüĸЦΪҺħŮΪûعǿûʥѹ˼ϣսʤ飬ֲϣճΪʵҲìܡ
ԼΪʲôɱ飿Ҷʵ
ͨӵ;죬浽һ죬һأһ쵽ڶһԴƣоŸ顣ŸʵǿүıѾѹԸǵĶ֡ĸ͡
үǵıȻѹˣǵķҲӦúǿɣҶ彣üһ
ʥʦµķӡεѹүǣǻԣүǸĶ֡ĸ˵
ôǿ𣿡Ҷɫ΢䡣
ū΢䣬Ҷ嵣Ҷսʤܽ죬ôǿҶսʤ
㲻õģΪʥĴˣѹ㽻֡ĸЦһ쿪ʼÿսʤһ飬һͻΪһЩǾԲᾡȫ
ʲôʱܹһ죿Ҷʵ
㣿ĸЦֻ徳شԲѣҪԶҲ޷սʤһ飬ͻƵ
Ҷɫ΢䣬û뵽սһ顣
ūҲܳԾһѶȾôѣڶǸѣ
С磬㻹ǸϿץʱɣΪʵ̫ˡĸЦڵΪһͨŶ߶ˣʥˡ
һͨţʥ飿Ҷ͹ūɫ䡣
ͨŹоŶΣ浽һǵһΣڶ쵽ǵڶΣԴơĸЦл߶һͨţϧڣ١Ҳ¾ſԳԡ
߶ͨΣҶüͷ
ֻҪܴ߶ͨţͿ˲ǧգѴ֮ĸЦ
Ҷ͹ūɫһ䣬˵ͨſƷб
ʹܴ߶ͨţҲ߶ʥ顣ĸɫʥȻֻʥͼһ֣ȴǿޱȣʥ߶ʥͼʥɳһǧħ
Ҷ͹ūٴ𾪣ͬʱҲɻħʲô壿
ǻûüʹĸĸȻҡͷ̾ϧʥͼش𻵵ʵ̫ˣʥأͨС
ԣҶ͹ūͻȻˮһ
С磬ԺöĺõĲϣʥĴˣ޸ʥͼֻܿˡˣҾͲ˵ˣǼڤ빦ɡ˵꣬ĸѾ뿪
Ҳ߰ɡҶ忴Źū
ū˵ͷ
Ҷͷһ˲ʧ
һ̣Ҷ͹ūѾʥͼ֮⡣
Ҷͷһʥͼסһ֮£ʥͼʧ
ʥͼ֮Ҷ͹ū

ʱҶ͹ūҵ˰˸ˡ
Ҷ͹ūͬʱ֣˸һ׷ӭȥԼͬЦС㣬ڻˡ
С㣬һ컯ٵҩҪˣǸϿ뿪鸣ذɣ˵ɫż֮ɫ
õĻҶɫһ䣬ūȻǷ˵ҩŻ鸣صѹ֮
û뵽ȻлٵֵҩϡУƳɹĻҲСΪԽߣЧԽħˮɺȻĵҩľûгȥ϶⵽鸣صķɣʱ϶ˡ
Ҷɫ䣬˰亹Һûлһʱ䡣
ū֮Բ˵ǲҷģĲڤ빦ɣ
뵽Ҷ岻Щ̧ͷŹūūҲūЦǻһʱѾ㹻뿪ˣ㲻õġ
Ҷɫھߣ
ūһЦͷųͷ죬ʹ󣬹⻪
ȽȥūŰõˡ
ǣС㣡õ˵˵ͷ˴󣬹⻪һ󣬰˸ͬʱʧ
֮Ҷ͹ūһۣͬʱϴ󣬹⻪һҲʧ
һ̣Ҷ͹ūںȡ
ǸոأһЦʹ˹ã˵ȥ鸣أ㵣ˡ
Ҷ͹ūĿһһŮӾЦӯӯվǲԶ˸ɫƵĿŰŮӣŮӲǱˣǹȣ
ѽһΪ˭ԭ÷ҲЦӯӯĿҶ壬ȡ
ʲôūɫȻһ
ãȥ鸣أ˶ˣֻûгҲǵ㣬ԲŹЦ
ȻѾˣˣū䡣
ãɱû㣬û⼸죬ʯܶΡЦˣ϶ῴ÷Ҳ֪ʯǼһļĺǿ
ʯҶĿ䣬ɱ֣֮ɲǡ
÷㻹ǸϿ뿪ĺãʯͲˡȻ㲻ʯҲҵĺô鷳
Ҷ˸ۣЦӯӯתȥ֫Ť̬
˸뿴Ҷ壬Ͻ¶˵֮ɫ
ūԺ㡣Ҷ忴ŹūЦ
ūֹҶʵ̫СʯԸҶ壬Ҷ϶ΣաңҶȻʥͼȫǸ裬˸Ҷ塣
ҶһЦת߳˺ȡ
ŽԶȥҶ壬ūϾδ򡭡


 


134 
뿪ȣʱҶصľá
ԭſľôſڵħƱȻ˫ۣɨһҶֽſڵϴͷ޾ȻͻƵҶЩ⡣
صľúҶ廹֪ȻѾͻƵ徳أ֮⣬ҲͻƵ徳ء
Ҷ鸣֮ǰˬͳͼͻƣûие֡
Ҷ壬ɫ磬ǰͻȻľá
ʲôˣҶɫ΢䣬ĽľãսԼ
ɱɣɫ
ˣҶЩԾ
ɸҩҩûԻӣһŭ֮£Сľɱɡ˵ɱˣһüȥܵľá
׿ʲôӦҶʵ
׿ҪˣħƱˬȻЦ
Ҫ³׺ͻȻ֣׿ֻѾ׶༪١ҲЦˡ
׿϶ưոݣҶ
Ѿ鸣ػȴһֱûг֡ΪˣѾҪħƱڵĻͶˡˬЦһֱڵȥȻûԸǣ
Ҿ֪ԲµģЦ
磬ʱ򱨳ˡҶֻҪڣΪа취ɱǣ
ˬͳܳԾ
ˣһܲҶЦ磬Ǿͷĺˣ
ܣ㣡ˬɫ
ͷҲţ
ڻ֪һˡҶĿһ磬ھȥĵصԽԶԽá
ˬͳ˵ͷ

ͬʱͬһʱ䣬õ˾ȻԸˬ˵¡
һãһʯڣս֮³֮׺ᣬһ֮׿Χһ𣬳֮⣬غȻҲڡ
ҶСӶѾ鸣أ׺˵
ߣϧˣû뵽Ȼ鸣أЦҵĶϱ֮𣬿ֵֻܺʹҶˣ
û˿أҶΪǣҶѾˣүԲְҶǶֵĺʱغȻЦ
˴ҶȻ취ˬǣ׺׿ͬʱЦˡ
ˣ
ʯȻ档
λȥȥͻأ׿ЦЦ뿪ʯݡ
ܿ죬׿ͺʯݡ
λ㱧ȭ
ɡЦЦ

ϵӦ֪ǵļƻ˰ɣЦ
һȫλɱ˿ˬ˴Ҷˣ¶Թ֮ɫ
Ȼһ棺ʦִϢˬѾ뿪ڣ
ˣ
׿Цˡ
ɱˬǣҶҪСҲЦ

ϣ˾뿪ڡ
Ұ󼫶
ˬͳУǵһ󺺣Ҷ壬Ѿ׽ϴ蹦ıò
磬Ļ𣿡ʵ
ǲҲûκʧҶЦ
ЦˣʵڷǳţϾǵĶֿõ
ʱ
ಡ
һӰҶΧס׿ˣ
ٺ٣ˬСֻҶСӵĴ磬ҲЦ
˭ҲȲǣ׿ЦҶСӼȻѾˣҲȥɣ
û뵽λȻôɱҡҶȻЦˡ
ȫҶ壬ɫԱ䣬Ҷ壡
ҶȻˣܿͱԭӡ
û
غɫ䡣
ôܣСӲûһ𣿡׺˵ɫҲˡ
ʢѪСͻˣѾ徳أ׿һ
ҶȷʵѾ徳شԲͨŴصʱʵֵõѾʮԽ徳ߵļޣֲޱȡ
Ҫ֪һߣҲֻʮҶѡҶȻ徳ߣȴ޽ӽߣͷųͨҲĶ֡
СӻΣĪһ˻ܶԸô˲ɣЦ
ûȻСѰ·ǾͳȫغЦ
׺ᣬ³׿Ҫ˵ѪҰ˭Ҳ뿪ˬȻЦǹһ׺ᣬ֮Ѫ졣

׺ͭס˿ˬĹЦ֪ƾҲɱң
ˬȣǹתһ׺ţǹ䣬衣
徳ضѣҲɱң׺ȣ

˵ٴײˬƺһ˺˼
ȻҶ屳ľһ˳һƬƬҶӴնɱ׺ᣬһʵ̫ͻأҲ̫죬׺ûüܣͷ­ͱնϣ׷
ǡȻ
ˮɣȫɱˣһҲŹҶЦ
δ䣬ҶȻͷųסľһ㣬Ѫ죬ݺʮɣʮأûзӦͱʳɷ顣
غ飬˶ȻʧɫһߣȻһкɱʣ
غ鵹Ҳɱ㣬һкɱ
ʱħˮͻȻľɱǿߣǧƬҶ趯ȫС
ѹֶ˵Ա𣡡ˬһĻҶΪʲôôˡ
ÿ¡ȫǱɱ


135 ɴ

ҽһħˮնɱûа㷴֮
㱨ˡˬȻڵأᡣ
ȻˬҶ˵ܣҴ׺ǵͷȥ찢
Ҷ˵ͷ

ʱҶ˻ص˴Ҷ׺˵ͷء
ڿص¹ڣǰҶ˵һʯ
ܣʯߣиҲˬĵ
ڣҲȥʯģ磬ǾͷĺˡҶЦ
ȥľԺӰɣܵ˲塣Ȼ
ҶͿˬͷ˵뿪Ҷ
պǻصľԺ
ڣϰһŮˣŮĽһľõŮιĽҩ
ĽȻҲͻƵ徳أɾ粢ûȹ̣һӳʱ򣬻Ǳ׿˴ˡѾ˴룬ֻ˲Сˣʱڻòˡ
ӣ˺˺󣬻սҶ磿ЦǺǵʵ
Ļ̌ͷҶ壬ߵ˺֮϶Ķ֡
ǵ˺˵ɡҶЦ
Ҷſ˵һҶĶ֡ӣӮҶ磬ⱲӶûϣˡЦ
ߣٸҷϻĻ˺ˣĽų
ҶͿˬͬʱһЦҲǿЦá
Сӣ˵ҪѡΪ徳ϵߣȥμɴȣϣ𣿡ĽȻЦݣʵûԳơ
ɴȣҶ巴ʵɴʲô
ĽˬͳҲˡ
ܣ治֪ɴȣˬҶ塣
Ҷҡҡͷû˵ɴȡ
ˬЦã͵ÿһʱ䶼ҪһαԣⳡԾͱΪɴȡһ£ֻ徳ϵ߲ܲμӡ
Ҳ˵ҲȥμɴȡҶˡ
ûŴǰǿ϶ܴڲμɴȵģкĵҲܲμӣ֮⣬Ҳռһ֮ٵġˬ˵
ٺ٣磬¼ʶ¼϶ľüμɴȵѡȻЦ
ԣˬĽǰһ
磬Ǿͷĺˣ¼ͬȥġҶЦ
ûڿү״ӣЦˡ
ˬĽҲЦˡ
Ҷûнʯ幵ĹϵĽЦӣμɴȵĻ;ǾͲˡ
˵꣬Ҷת뿪ʯݣˬͳ
뿪ĽʯݣҶͿˬ˷ֿķȥ
Ȼеľ˲һԶС
ǸٻľˣҲƲˡħˮεҶС
ǸˡȻˮ׵ˣҶĿһľ֡
ܿ죬ҶĪϣͬʱľһˮ档
ҶҲĪӣˮ˰ʱٴνǸڵġܶ
ѪԲȻǺܿ죬Ҳǿȥ˽׾Ž˼ʯд˵
ǰֻҶ幧ˣԵ𾴡
ʹϷ򿴿˵ͬʱľʯһҶ塣
ҶסľתѪ׼ʩչ˽׾Ž
Ҷ׼ʱ˵Ȼʯдûж֣ĽӲӦе
¡
˻䣬𶯣ʯȻ͹۳һʯˡ
Ҷͫһôģ
ȫʯģ
һЦͬʱʯ˺ȻŵسҶ壬һ𣬲ܲסʯ˵
ʯɱҶһʯ˵ͷ­ͼʯ˵ͷ­ն롣
ʯץסҶľʹҶ޷ѽγţʯһֱȭҶţԵޱȣ˺ѿĦ𻨡
Ҷ屾ľ㣬ûôͷųһȭӭʯ˵ȭͷ
һ죬ʯ˵ȭͷ飬ĺˣҶ˳ƴʯжľľҶһʯˣ꣬ǵصʯˣ˽׾Žڶ֮
ʯ֮䣬ʯ˾ͱ궴ȫǿ
Ϸ򿴿ĵ
˵Ļ£ʯٴ͹ֻһʯˡ
ʯ˼Ҷ壬յҶ壬ƺնҪݣ¡¡
Ҷɫ䣬̤Ӱٲ͵ĺʮɣնյıܿʯ˵Ĺ
ʯ˺Ȼת͵ĵŵأʸҶ壬ָ繴ץҶ壬һʯ˻硣
ҶڳľϣݺᣬһѪɫʯˡ
䣡
ʯ˵ƱѪɫײ÷飬ţѪɫײʯ˵ϣʯ˺Ȼ飬ʯ
Ϣ˵ĵʯдƺǳԾ
ǰֻҶļ̌ͷʯݡ


136 ˵ѵ
ӽ쿪ʼÿ˸ʱܴ֮ڼͿԼ컯ˡ˵
лǰҶϲ
ȱ˵̫磬㲻ŬĻܻܿʯϡЦղʯ˵̫һŪʯ˸㽻֡
ǰģһŬģҶĿᶨĵ˵ͷ
˽׾Ž֮⣬񻹻û꣬˵ûɣЦ
û׽ʮûѧᡣҶ˵ͷ
ʹϷ򿴿ЦЦ
Ҷͷ
¡
𶯣ʯ͹𣬻һʯˡ
Ҷ岻ʯ˹ľɱʯˣһʯˣݿࡣ
ԶԶȥʯѾĽֲ֣ɱܶļ¡
ꡭ
ڣʯϳѷ죬Ȼ飬ʯ
ɱʯ˺Ҷսʯݣȴ˷
ʮһѾһʮҪʲôʵ
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Ľһ졯֣Ѿﵽٶȵļ£˽ʹʮˣ˽һʹʮ˻˵
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˸ʯȫûסΣٴҶ壬ȭƣչµһֹ
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ԶԶȥܶҶͰ˸ʯ˵Ӱ
徳ؾȻǿ˼顭ʯڣо֮ɫ

ʱܶڻָƽҶ崭Ŵ˵ϣԱߣȻŰ˸Ƶʯˡ
Ҷɹ˰˸ʯˣԼҲ˲ˣҪʹȼѪͰˡȻûʹ󽣵ֺɵ֣µĽԲ̫֡
ҶڸոģȻ𶯣ţʯ͹𣬻ʮʯˡ
ʮʯˣҶ岻ͷƤ飬æոʮʯ˾Χ񹥻ܶٴλصײ
ʱҶնɱʮʯˣľӣûڵء
֣֧ԼŷױȵǱĪһǱйأ
ҶѾԵĽЩ򣬿ϧ˵ʲôûдֽ
ʹѪ״У˵һ֮
ѹѪ˿˵ڶ֮
ٿѪ˵֮
Ľ뵽˼ѪǱʹѪ˲䱬̶ýҲ֮
ŵĽʱ򣬵𶯣ʯ͹һǰʯ˸ľ޴ʯ˺Ȼγɡ
ʯ˴ǵĳҶ壬죬ץҶ壬
ҶĿһݣæʮɣܿʯ˵Ĺ
ʯתٴҶ壬ȣ֮籩ɳʯɽ
Ҷأһӵʯֱϣ̤ʯ˵ֱۣʯ˵ͷ­һ죬һ佣ʯͷ­֮˺ѿ𻨷ɽ
¡
ը˷ֲıը֮ʯ˵ͷ­ը÷飬ʯ졣
Ҷվʯ˵ļϣľ˽׾ŽĽͽб֮ˣ
ʯ˵Ĺڴ˽׾ŽĽϧȻûѧʮʮ͵ʮ
͵Ϊֹ߰ɡĮȻʯд
ǰˣҶĿʯһۣתȥ
ʱҶĪˮ
ܿ죬Ҷص˷䣬ڴϣʵˮɣλǰʲôˣΪʲôԿľ
Ҳ֪ħˮɫ˺ܿ£ҿ͸
ղҸʯ˽ֵʱ򣬷ЩʯеֵϢҶûв´λǰҲе֣Ҳ²ʲô֣ܲµó𣿡
Ҳ²һԿ϶ӦӵȻϵ֡ħˮ˵
ʵɲ⣬е֣˭ˮ׵ģҶȻüͷ
֪ģֺαѰգħˮЦ
ҶЦЦٶ룬ڴϴ˯


137 컯
峿Ҷ뿪ʯݣٴǱĪӣܶ
ѾˡҶոսܶ˵ʹʯݴ
ǰ˼˵Ҷɫ΢䡣
ĻѾ㹻ʱͻˡ΢٣ֵ˻ʱûһҪѪܲܺסڵ棬ǳΪߵĹؼȻҪΪߣͨζ澭ʹѪڵ֮䳩ͨ衣
ǰ˼˵ҰȫѪѹȻѪ֮ᴩζ澭Ҷ˲䷴Ӧ
СӵԺܾˣͲˣֻҪ׽ϴ蹦Сסȭܹ죬Ѫѭ򽥽мɲһ͡ѡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
׽ϴ蹦ֻʮʽȭΪĹؼظʮʽȭʹȫѪȻѪ뵤Ѫζ澭ղܳΪߡ
̺ҲΣգһǳɣвͻʧܣʹѪ¹塣߾Ϊ޷һǳɣղŻʧܣ޷Ϊ֡
뾲ߣͻƵĳɹͨߵҶ뾲ͣһֻҡ

֪䣬ҶȭѪʢ֮ƺƵ纣
ȭٶȲ죬ԣڵѪһֱڻУĿ£ӿ뵤ﴢ
ȫë׻ֹѪй¶ģϵѪ֡豹桱ĸоôʢˡ
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ʯڣСԾˣҲϧͽ
ҡûҲʺʦ
ʯ⡣
ҶȫȭУѾѽʮ֮Ѫ뵤
׽ϴ蹦ټҶѪĿͨǿѪٶȻҲһЩ

Ҷʱ򣬺УһԡУ뵣һŮбԡرԵϣʪ㷢ڰƵļϡŮ˵İƤ£˷ۺɫ޶ˡ
Ůˣǹū
С㣬үҪǰ̫׽̲μɴȣҶӿ϶Ҳȥġԡ⴫һŮӵ
ãңһ᲻ȥ𣿡ūЦ
ٺ٣ʲôҲС㣡ЦЦ
һȥū˵ʱһٰˣǾͲøȥˡ
С㡭üˡ
Ѿˡūɵ˵
ǡС㡣ԡ⣬òԸĵ˵ͷ
ʲô𣿡ūʵ
˵ڴһ˵䣬Щ˵ҵӦҶӼٰǸˡ˵ҶٰˣȻǸӵһֹç
˭ڴū΢䡣
ˮں̫׽̵˶ڴСģǿ϶Ц
Ըɵˣɵ˻᲻һ㻳
ūҶ嵣̫׽̺ͺˮڵ˷Ҷ壬϶ưոݡ
С㣬С᲻Ҷӵʯףõĵʯ׾ɧŹūõ˷ǳʯףֱʯ׵֡
ūɫˡ
ãūĸȻ˵Ҷ磬ĵΣչͷǿ϶ӲġĸΪûбѹƣϢΪӦñҸߣڣҶӦò¡
ȻֻƲѣҲҿ϶ĸ˻Ҷ塣
ū̫˽ĽˣȻòǾ͸ɴٵеԭ򣬺ʣǸռǿҲǿŮˡ
ΪĹȻûԸҶ壬ԹūžҶһȥ̫׽̡

ʱҶѾȫʮ֮Ѫڵڡ
ʱҶڰѪڵڣĵͺ¯ޱȡ
ڵأתڵѪÿ񱩵Ѫȶ
ֹ˰ʱסϷڵѪ
Ѫζϳ
ʹ࣡Ҷо˺Ҫ˺һζĹȻʹ࣬һͦȥͻֱ˵̥ǡ
ҶѾѪˣѪζܶ
ڣѪ忪ζƺӾһ㣬ѪƺƵӿζҶʯ֮䣬ʮ
ҶѪ澭ȫ˺ѵĸоϮ
ѪʱеԽͻʱʹԽСӾȻͦסˣ͡

ȻҶ쳤ХХ𶯰˷ڳ澭
ٴαǣʮǧʮǧʮʮǧ
ڣҶͣ˶ʮͨߣҲʮҶѡ
ֹͣҶڵѪڵζ澭γһѭ಻
ֻܿԲ㡣ȻⲢߵƵȥκˣ츳Ĳͬļ޶ǲͬġ
еߣܹʮЩ츳ˣΪ콾
еܳԽʮЩ콾е콾ϧûֹ콾
ȥ̾ɣ첻ˡ˵Ȼʯд
ǣǰҶͷԶϵˮأ뿪˵ܶ
Ҷߺ˵ٴδʯݴɡ
ٺ٣ѣȻס㣡
һֻʮ꺢ͯƾճʯǰͯһϵĺۣҲԵС
²˵ɣҸʲôЦ
ͯʯݣˣЦղСͽ𣿡
ǣҡҡͷ
ٺ٣ԭģҸʱ䡣ͯЦ
ϻˣ㵽ʲô£˺ߵ
һи츣أǰǸ츣˽֡ƾʲô£˳㿴һѡͯűЦЦ
ΪᶫŹǲİɣһЦ
ٺ١ͯɵЦȻѾĬ˵Ļ
ѾŹǹϷˣҪŹǣԼȥҺˡЦ
ٺ٣ѣ´л㡭ͯһЦתһƾʧ
һŽӢۣ컯ϧֻʣСͯһˡ˿źͯʧķ



138 Ԫ
Ҷ岢֪֮ܶڷ£˿׼ȥһ£
ģȽ븶һ˫۾Ϊۣ
Ѿͻˣʱȡ۾ˣ
ڣ˿̵ǻ֣̿ĸȥɱҶͿˬˣȻ󳹵ʧˣ˭ζʲôҶȻҲɱ
ԣ뿪䡣
ܺ¡һЦ߻ص
Ҷ壡㤣æתڰ߳һˣȻҶ壡
ǲǴģֻҪҪһ˫۾ҶЦ
㤣ϸһҶȻѾͻƵ
۾Ҫˣ
ҶͻȻҽһĺˣ˵ϣ۾ѪѾϹˣ
Ҳɱ㣬ҪԶڿ־СҶһЦʧ˺ڰС

뿪ķҶصľԺ
ɴȼٿǽ뿪ڣǰ̫׽̣֮ǰǱһ˴Ҷ
峿Ϳˬ뿪ڡ
Ҷ
Ҷ˰ʯݣûмȥʱһУɮ붨
Ҷ忴ߣɫ΢䡣
£л˵˫ۿҶ壬¶Цݡ
Ҷ˵ͷڰȴŰ˵
̣ʵΪ˽뾲֮ڿջˣЦʵ
Ҷû˵ͷųԼĻ
ĿһȻ𡭡
뾲ʵΪҾҶЦ
ֻһԭ򡭡˵뾲֮⣬ʵͻ徳
ͻ徳Ҷɫһ䣬ĪҪͻ徳ѧ뾲
ûЦҪͻ徳ȷʵҪѧ뾲ұѧм뾲
Ҷɫ䣬û뵽뾲ĿľȻΪͻ徳
徳ʱ࿪ǱǱʱ򣬱빵ͨأӵиǿ˵ܹͨأٿԪͿԳΪ֡
徳ΪأַΪأҶ̲סʵ
ڹϵĵУһ仰һһһΪԪֳƻԪΪֻ󡭡ʿ޵ԪϸΪԪ󾳣ÿַΪڡڡڡԲҶ壬˵
Ԫ󡭡Ҷ
ʿ徳ʿ㣬ֻǿͨ˶ѡЦҪΪĸ֣ΪԪҲֻǵһѣǿĸ֡
Ҷɫһ䣬ڲʶҪߵ·ܳ
ڵļүʵҲֻǻԪʿѣҲֻǵֵ֡
Ҷɫ΢䣬ô˵ʯӦʿҲΪ֡
ɵǰġ뾲⡷Ű뾲סʼղԼĶԽҪͰࡣ
ȻȡһϵľᣬݸҶ塣
ǣҶס뾲⡷ĵ˵ͷ
ɵסĻѭ򽥽ɲ֮ɫ
ĻɵסˣҶɫᶨĵ˵ͷ
οĵ˵ͷţ˵ɵ˵ˮ㣬Ϊʲô뿪ˮ
Ϊǲ½档Ҷش
Ϊʲô½棿ʡ
ΪˮѾӦˮˮѾǵļҶش
˵˵ûˮȷʵѾǵļȴȻһˮˣֻΪ˵в͡
Ҷüͷ֪ͻȻ˵Щ˼
ɵסĻԶҪĿǰƬءҶæ
ɵԼȥУҲȥɡ뾲⡷Ѿģ԰ˡЦЦ
Ļʲô˼ĿͰȥҶ
ãҶתʯݡ
صʯݣҶʯϣ򿪡뾲⡷ų뾲м뾲߼뾲뾲뾲ļ˺һֻһ仰˵
ﵽм뾲ص𣬹ͨԪ壬ζб졣ҶϾᣬصǳΪԪʿĹؼصǰм뾲ԭˣѹְ˵ֻѧм뾲ͻ徳
ԪԪ壬Ϊһءʱ߲ͨ˵ķ룬ɱʿһʱ䣬ԪѾܳΪˡ
ܳΪԪˣԴɣΪӵС뾲뾲ǳΪԪĹؼȻҲ˶ѧ뾲֮ߵԶԶ徳١
˵뾲⡷Ըˣѧ뾲֮󣬻Ҳл
ҶĿһѡ뾲⡷ˬͳÿˬҲ
뵽Ҷħˮɰӡһݡ뾲⡷߳ʯݡ
ܿ죬ˬʯǰ
ܣһβ𣿾ȻпˬЦ߳ʯݡ
磬Ҫ㣡ҶһЦѡ뾲⡷ݸ˿ˬ
ˬӹ뾲⡷Ȼɫ䣺뾲
ס𾪣ˬ̧ͷҶ壬ʵܣʲôطõ뾲
ҶûлشˬĻЦ磬ʲôطõĲҪҪǣлˡ
ܣģδؿԾһᾡȫˬɫûилҶ壬ΪҶ嵱ֵܡ
磬ܾܶ
ҶһЦȻƣˬҲЦˣסҶ֡

ڶ죬Ҷ塢ˬͳ˺ʹҶ˸𣬷ڡ
صľԺҶص䣬ڴϣʼȹ̾硣
ոճΪߣڵѪʢ֮쳣񱩡ԣոճΪߣ취ѹס񱩵Ѫ
Ѫ֮Իÿ񱩣ʵΪڵѪ̫ңûܵЧĿơԣҪסѪֻڵڿѪѪԽ࣬ٵѪȻԽࡣ
ҶĿƵڵѪγһѪУԼĿѪ֮
һĸ
ʱҶѾٳѪѿ񱩵Ѫ
ûпѪ֮ǰĵھͺһѪָ֮о֮ʧ
ͨոߣҲͿٳѪҶȻٳʵ𾪡ʵⲢ֣Ļʵ̫ۺ徳ؾӵʮΪѪȻ档
סѪҶתѪѪͬʱӿζ澭ʱоȫǶʮȴӾǿѪ֮ĺô֮һ
ߣҩֻ޵ľѪѪѪӣҪϿµѪҶѾѪԺѪӣѪҲ֮ӡ
ѪҶļޣ
ɵ֣ٶȿ϶߻Ҫ졭
ҶƷֺֻƣаȻ֮
֮ҶоڲĵתѪЩѪ٣ֻм˿γµѪ
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ֻҪɵ֣϶ڶʱԲ
ﵽ£ٳʮѪʵ̫ѡħˮɲҶ塣
ഫԿʮѪֻǴ˵ѣû˿ԣȻҶӵɵ֣ħˮҲҶ塣


139 
Ҷ忪ѪѾҹûϢȻڴϣɵ
һҹܿ͹Ҷ뿪䣬ǱĪӡ
ܿ죬Ҷܶ
ٺ٣ϢƽȣѾٳѪ˵ʯд
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ʯڣɫ΢䣬ұΪСֻܿٳѣһССˡ
ݵĳԾЦѾͻƣԽĶֻ༸ǵʵҲǰʯǿҪ׼
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磬𶯣һʯ͹𣬻ʮĸߴʯˣȫֳʯƱˡ
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ʮĸʯͬʱ׷ȥٴλӽҶ壬ܶ⻪ҫ֮
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ʮĸʯ˷׷׻ӽնɱѪɫ죬𶯾ʮأܶ𶯡
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ţѪɫײʯţʯ˵ţʯ˵촷ۡ
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ԶԶȥҶ˶ûȫӰ
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ͬʱʯҲըನˣŵŵź˼
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ʮ˸ʯ˻ܰƵ˴Ц
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ಡ
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ʮʯҲܰСӱ˵Сӻ
ҶߺСӱƵʮʯԲƺЩܲñ֪ȻԼ򡣡

ʱҶѾص䣬ոջصûãľõˡ
ɴȵʱѾˡ
ҶĿһ߳ʯݣżϵظȥ
ܿ죬Ҷ˼ϵأֹˣľõҲѾ
Ҷ崩ȺʱһȺΪ֮˺Ȼ¼
үͶүȥμɴȣ֮ĸǿѡĸ˳ȥҹųǼϡ¼ҶͿˬˣЦ
ˬͬʱҶ壬ҶһЦ¼˵¼С㣬Ѿѡˣ׼ʱȥϵġ
ү˵ˣĸǸľõģ㲢ڡ¼ȻҶ塣
¼СҶл磡ҶЦŴ
¼Цŵ˵ͷתȥ
Ŀ¼ȥҶ忴ſˬˣЦ磬¼СղŶ˵ľùĸĸڣԣǿԶһȥ
ԣʼû˵Ľ۷⣬ˬ˷׷״ϲ
磬ӣβμɴȣһȥҶЦ
ˬЦˡ

ʱҶ뿪ϵأصԼķ䡣
ոջص䣬ҶɫͺȻһ䡣
иŮӣŮ֣Ҷ䣬Ůǹū
ҶҲû뵽ūȻܵʯôͻȻ
㲻ǴӦңҪǹ𣿡ūתҶ壬һЦ
ҵȻԸ̣Ͳ֪ūѧѧûᡣҶһЦʯݡ
ֻҪϽ̣ūȻѧᣡū¶һĨƤЦݡ
ҶЦЦӻȡ׽ϴ蹦ݸ˹ū
ūס׽ϴ蹦򿪿ɫԽԽȣ¶֮ɫ
ã̧׿Ҷ壬˵ѹٶô죬żûѾͻƵ
֣ῴ׽ϴ蹦£
ū׽ϴ蹦ӦöðɣҶЦ
ū˵ͷЦʦǲΣ˵ҪԽңֻһ似
Ҷһ㶣漴ҡͷЦūˡ׽ϴ蹦ԼҲѧᡣ
Լ׽ϴ蹦Ҳ֪Ҫ죬ҵĻ϶һЩ
΢٣ūЦҶ磬á׽ϴ蹦ϵȭҽ֣ðūȭı仯вУ
ūҸ㶯ֵĻʤ𣿡ҶЦ
ģһѹΪģūһЦһӰҶ壬ȷ
Ҷɫһ䣬æʹӰٲſڵɳȥ
ū׷˳ȥ
ʯ⣬ūѾ׷Ҷ壬֣ץҶţ˺ѿϡ
ūн̽צ
ҶһбܿūĹָţ̽ץū֣ѪȻûӰ
ūһš裬ܿҶĹһӵҶٶȿ÷˼
Ҷɫ΢䣬أһڿնһڹūԶ
ūҶ壬ٴηҶ塣


140 
ūٴιҶ岢ûܣʹ׽ϴ蹦ϵȭ˹ū
ūѹΪ׷ɰ㣬̽Ҷ壬ϻҶĹơ
ԶԶȥӰɣǰɳУۻҡ
ʯ֮䣬ѾУ쳹죬Ҷ졣
䣡
ȭཻͬʱ˼
ū׽ϴ蹦ʮʽȭס𣿡Ҷ忴Źū
ȭ£ڻǲ
ҡҡͷūЦҶ磬Ҹûȥˣ̫׽̻㡣
Ҷ֮ɫջЦŵ˵ͷ
ūһЦתһƿշߣתۼʧ
Ŀ͹ū뿪ҶȻȡľһԶĴ󣬴Ȼ
ˣҲðϰɣħˮһЦ
㿴𣿡
ҶЦҡҡͷڴѴնϣȡ˿̵ʼ̡
ʱúܿ죬ܿ͵ҹҶ廹ڵֱ̡߾ȻжʮƴСľˣҶ弸һģһ̬죬ȻҶȭʱӡ
ˣСԭһľ˸ħˮɻȻ
ҶЦЦ̡
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ܿ죬Ҷ˼ϵأˬĽѾȺʱ
СӣٲĻǾҪˣĽûĺ˺ߡ
ӣ߰ɣٲ߾ˡҶЦЦȴ·
ˬһЦ

ʱҶ˵ִڵ䳡
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ӣүѾΪǰź˷䣬ȴȥ俴һЦ
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ǣ㣡һЦŵ˵ͷȽ봬ա
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ź÷˴Ҷ壬һиƽʯϣ¼༸˴ӵߣ˲ˮ
үҶˣ
Ҷ˿ʯЦ
˵ĻʯЦŶҶ˵ϵܣ
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ղϵܾȻͻˣǿϲɺأʯЦ
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徳ءҶĿһʵ磬֪ѩ˾ѵʲô
ɱ¾ʯɫҲڳȻϵǳϡУΪֹֻ˵ӵһѩˡ
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ӵӣҶɫ΢䣬̧ͷʯ幣ʵĴʲôˣ
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ѩ˴ûоȫҲܾûײˣ˭˭ӮҲ˵ʯ平
磬ײʵǿ𣿡Ҷʵ
ϴɴȣǵһڶʮжס˵ǿǿʯЦˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ײһС



141 ̻
һʱҶʯ幣ص˷䡣
ʯ幽̸ҶʶʵǿͻƵ¾ȫܻܸ콾Ҫ֪콾Уܶ඼Ѿ¾Բսˡ
ʶΪҶһص䣬ڴϣɵ֣תѪ
˻ƣҪҩʦİҲͱҩľԣڶʱڸ콾ҲΪ¾ߡ
ʱĺܿ죬ת֮䣬͹
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ո߳䣬ˬҲųˣһ߳գ˼װϡ
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ܴҲ̻ᡭȻ̾˿
ˬһȻ
ҶĿˬļ򣬡磬ܸ˵˵̻𣿡
˵̻ѧʥؾԺģ鲼£ƴµĽ׻ᡣˬɫ
ԺҶɫ΢䣬˵ʦԺȴû˵Ժ
ٺ٣˵ʦԺʦʥأôԺߵʥءھԺ˶ӵеӵ˫ħˮЦŴ
ԺʦԺʵ;аΣҶ崫ʵ
Ժʵǿа̼ɵȴκβ˾а̡ħˮɴ
Ҷɫ΢䣬аôֲ
ٺ٣Ҫɾа̵Ŀ£Ժӵв󾳴ܣͬκβ˾а̣˵а̿ɲ£ħˮЦŴ
ҶɫڱˣҲûһ󾳴ܣԺȻкܶʵ˾㤡
ȻˬҶУܣ´ˣ
ԣҶЦŵ˵ͷͿˬһ±ͬʱڵҲ׷׷±
ʯ幺¼ɵǰͷ·ųǣ˽
ųǺʯЦ󼯺ϣȥʲôطС
Ⱥųǣǳأһ͵Ľ׳˿洦
ҶͿˬ˸뿪ʯ幺ȻЦϵܣ̻Ҫһͽ׻ᣬȤȥ
磿ˬͳ˷׷һʯ幾ȻԳưɵĴ磬ǲʦͽϵ
ѵܺʯ干ʦͽǽֵܣ뵽ˬ˷׷ɫ䡣
ʱҶ忴ſˬˣ˵磬ȥᣬ⼸λô죿
ϵܣ׻ƣҲܴôȥҿ˴ȥ׳ʯЦ
ҶܾˬȻЦܣ͸үȥɡ
СӣùǣĽҲЦˡ
ͳҲЦˡ
׻ˣȥǣҶЦŵ˵ͷȷʵȥ̻Ĵͽ׻ᡣ
ҶͿˬ˷ֿʯ幺¼һͬȥڿˬˣʯ幵£ȥһ׳
ܿ죬ʯ年Ҷųһ״ԲΣ̨żΧ̨죬һϷֲߵķֺǽǶűʯһ״
ҶԾǣ̨ȻһĻʹ޷ͻȻ̨ϡ
֮⣬Ҷ廹ע⵽̨ʱʱ֣Ȼоɱ󡣺ȻֻҪ˸Ʒ϶ᴥɱ
ʯ뽻״ʱȡһƵݸŮŮ¶Ц̣Ҷ˹ż䡣
żʯ广Ҷ壬ЦֻǾ̻һֻѣԺлĻȥ򿴿ʱͻ֣ᷢԶԶĻҪʣ΢٣ʯֵвٺö㿴ʲôĻԸ˵ֻҪ£һᾡȫ㡣
Ҷԥһ£˵ͷ
ү¼ϵĶ𣿡һԵ¼Щ⡱Ц
ϵܣ¼ȻԴˡʯ年Ц
ҶҲЦ

Ҷ˽뽻״ûжã½˽뽻״ˡ
Ҷ˺Ƚ뽻״̫׽̵ˣҶڣ϶ϳˡˣȻ׽ɺ׽ԪԼ͹ūֵ̫׽̳׽
ϣѾ˲鸣Сӣڵˡ
׽ɱߺ׽״߶׽˵
϶ڵˣ򲻿ܸһ𣡡׽ԪȻЦߣƷҩͱӦ̫׽̣СӾȻ׷Ź
ٺ٣Ԫ˵ûҸ̫׽˶׽Ц
ϣǻҪȥ飿׽ʵ
ȥȣ˵ҵСӡ׽Ը
ϣ֪ôˡ׽һЦ
˵䣬׽Ѿ뽻״
Ǹոս뽻״̵̺Ҳ˽״
ǺˮڵˣΪ֮ң׺ڵˡ
ϣ̫׽ҲõǶǵĻ²󡣡׿ңɫȻ
᲻ҲҪõǶҺˮڵʵ϶һʱ̫׽Ҳÿǵɫ¡ɫ
˵ǣȷʵѹ̫׽̵ĺûᣡ׵˵ͷ
ңʹǵòҲڵõ
⣬ЦԶҲ볬Խˮڡ
ɴȣҪڵ𣿡Ŀһת
лĻɱ⣬ԲҪ顣Ц
֪ôˡһЦҲЦˡ
ʯɱҺˮϣ˺ˮڣծǿɲˡ
ϣǲģ
ǲģ
׺ڵ˵ͷ
˵䣬ڵ˽˽״



142 
״
һű¶˵̨ܣЦСѩ̣ʦἴʼλʲôۣܳ۸ߵá
żڣҶ忴̨ϵˣвЩڴⳡᣬϾһβμᡣ
λĵһƷһһľһľƻԱϣ׼ƷԪʯѩЦ
һľҶҡҡͷⶫûκô
ʯ幺¼ҲһľȤ˳ŮĶĵȴһƷ
ܿ죬һľŵߣѩЦڶƷµƤǵļпѾǧ꣬µƤжӦòѩ̶˵˰ɣ
ǧҲǻԪԲ𾪡
ûԪԲԻ˰꣬޵˸ǧ꣬ѾǻԪԲƲ⡣
ǧµƤɷԱ£ֵԱȼƷĶˡ
ǧƤʯĿһȻҲĶˡ
ߣǧƤͼûϢħˮɺȻҶ塣
ˮɣڻҰɱһƤӦûϰɣҶЦŴ
ٺ٣СӣȻҴҵ⣿ħˮЦʵ㣬ȷʵϣҿɲ㣬㻹ǳİɡ
ҶһЦٶ˵ʲô
СӣҲ㣬ʵɵ֣ҲɲͻƵԪʱ򣬻Կħˮɴ
Ҷ˵ѩ̵ĽЦż䣺Ƥĵ׼ǰ˰۸񲢲ߣλǧҪ
˰򣡡Ȳĳˡ
˰һʮ򣡡̵Ҳˡ
˰һʮ򣡡
˰һʮ򣡡
˰ٶʮ򣡡
ˮڡ̫׽̵Ҳˣߵ̫׽̡
үǲ𣿡żڣ¼ү
ƤȻҪɺ滹иҪĶǲذǮƤϡʯ平ĬƬ̺ſڡ
ү˵ǣ滹иҪ¼һЦٶ˵ʲô
ҪĶҶһȻʯ֮μᣬõĳ
ʱż⴫ѩ̵ЦŰʮƤ̫׽̵ˡ
̫׽̻ǲƴְꡣ
ٺ٣̫׽ƿҪļûԪʯ̾оĽ֮ɫ
̫׽̽м֡Ц
û˵ƿصࡣ˸͡
״ڣ
̫׽̡ʯ⣬ɱ©
磬Ī̫׽̵㣿Ҷʯɢɱ̲סʵ
ǰҺͶ緢һ̫׽̵ˡʯһЦָֻƽ
ҶĬϣѹʯ幻ᶯɱġ
ۣ˾ȻҲ¼ȻЦ
Ҷ˵ۣ̫׽̵ĽҲһ֡
۱Ͼ¼ɺԡʯѵ
ǣү¼ҧ˵ͷ

ڽ״Ὺʼ֮ʱųǳ⣬һŶңŹȵĻ˻š
Ҵºɫɴʹ˿˵ĳ࣬͵ĺͻѾܴ
˻ţų룬ܹϵϢȻǧܸ֮Ӧ
䣬ѾŹŵų

״ڣû֪˵ĵ˶ڴŵƷĳ֡
ȻһѪʢһ̴Сĺɫʯ̨ʯڹ뵣ҫҫԡ
ʯأҾ̻ļʦҲ֪ʲôʯѩЦ
ߣȻ֪ʲôʯΪó㵱ɵӲɣЦ
ûǲ֪ʲôʯкãЦ
λ԰꣡ѩЦȻ֪ʲôʯȴ֣ãʯЧҲԶԶȲҪǣʯһ꣬ԶԪʧȥ
ѩ̵Ļ״һƬȻ
ܵõʯ͵ӵԴԴϵʯջʵ̫ˡ
ʯϾֱżڣʯɫһ䡣
ҶɫҲˣȻѾѧᡶڤ빦ֵסʯջ
ʯĵ׼Ƕ٣̲סˡ
λҵĻû˵ꡣѩЦʯȻ꣬Ҳȱݡ
ɫ䣬̵ʵʯʲôȱݣ
ֻʦʹúʯ֮⣬ʹһκʯ֮󣬹Ҫ꣬òٴʹáѩ˵
ʲôʦãҰϲһΣ˵ɫˡ
ֻʦãҶһ
λ˭ʦǧҪʯʯĵ׼ǾŰ򣡡ѩЦ
״ʱž
ѵûʦѩɫ΢䣬ЩΡ
Űһʮ򣡡Ȼʮżڵ˳ˣȻǸŮˡ
ʦ
ɫ΢䣬ֻʦŻ۹ʯ
Űһʮ򣡡˳ˡ
ɫٱ䣬μоȻʦ
۵ˣҶ壡
ʯ幺¼Ҷ壬ɫ¶֮ɫҶʦΪʲôҪ۹ʯ
磬ʯҺҪҶȻĿʯˡ
ϵܣֻܸ˰ԪʯʯεЦˡ
磬ԼºʯҶЦ
ʲôʯ幺¼ɫһ䡣
Ҷ˵ʮżŮٴγۣŰٶʮ򣡡
Űٶʮ򣡡ҶҲˣһºʯѾ´ࡣ
¿ɷѺʯøңԸ͸½ʮŵŮɫ
Ů˵Ļ˼ЦŮ˻棬˼ôܴӦ
ûʯʦļֵ޿ɹ˼˼Ц
Щ˼Ц֮ʱҶɫȻһ䣬𾪲ѡ
ʯ幻ΪҶ屻Ů˵ĻвˣæЦϵܣ㲻õģºʯǸŮ˳ֶԸ㣬һ㵲
磬ˣαصһʦʯҲҪˡҶһЦż˵ʯ͸ˡ
лʮżŮЦ
Ȼû˳ۣʯͳɽˡѩЦԸµ̧˺ʯ
ͬʱżڣҶ忴ʯ幣˵磬ҳȥһ¡
ʯЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҷ嵱뿪ż䡣
ܣԽԽ˿͸ʯĿҶȥ


143 ֮ϲ
뿪ԼżҶʮż䡣
ū𣿡Ҷվżʵղ֮Իе𾪣ΪߺʯŮ˺пǹūūԶҲǡ
ū˭żŴ򿪣һŮӳ֣ŮӺɲǹū
ūҲˡ׽ϴ蹦סҵģҶЦˡ
ܣǶ˵ϲңôϳģŮü΢
ǺǣʵҲҿ϶㣬ֻǾϤѡҶȻЦ
Ůɫ΢䣬֪Ҷĵ
ūôҶȻʵ
˵ūһЦż䣬Ҷ
ż󣬹ūתǹԭӡ
ū벻ôѧǹʦû׵ҶЦ
ѧܱһԶūЦ
ūжҪ͸㣬ǣġ׽ϴ蹦϶һ
ҶЦЦǬ⻪һ֮һٶʮľѾǰİϡ
ǡūľˣ΢䡣
Ҹݡ׽ϴ蹦ʮʽȭ̳ľˣūϲ𣿡Ҷ忴Źū
ϲūҧź촽˵ͷľСǬ
ˣūΪʲôھ̻᣿ҶȻʵ
ôѵ㲻뿪𣿡ūЦʵ
ūҰͲԶ뿪ڡҶЦ
ū̾Ҳ뿪ܣӦһˣһߡ㲻뿪ڣҲԲ뿪Ǹ˵ĳŵ
ūôˣҶɫ΢䡣
ûʲô
ЦЦūǬȡʯЦҺøղûȥ
ҶεЦЦ⣺ʯ𣿡
ҸղѾԹֻҪͷסʯͷܴӺʯȡԣʯȷʵꡣū˵ͷ
ҶĿһȡľʵˮɣ֪֪ʲôʯ
ˮɣū΢䡣
ˮһ걦ҩľ档Ҷ̧ͷŹūūܡ
ãСӺ˵ҲǱҩǸ࣬ǸˣСʹ˼ҵɫˡħˮɽЦ
Ҷ忴Źūε̯̯֡
ūһЦˮɽ㣬ͲҪҶ翪Цˡ
ķϣҾͷŹˡħˮɽЦ
ҶЦЦʵˮɣ㵽֪֪ʲôʯ
ڻȷҵϸУħˮһЦľкȻͷųҩס˺ʯ
ûãҩɢȥħˮ˵ʯ֡
֣Ҷ͹ūɫ΢䡣
ʯһɺܹϵϢѾꡣħˮɫ
ѵʯӡʲôҶ͹ūɫ䡣
ȷʵӡʲôҲʦҵľƣﲻǡħˮɺΡ
ԿūȻͷųͷģż䡣
һ𣬴򿪷ӡĻһЩҶҲͷųͷҲ˷ġ
ĺ÷ںϣһƣʯУҶ͹ūٴνڣֱ˴ˡ
ʯ֮䣬Ѿʯ룬ʯȻкܶƣһ룬Ҳ֪סʲô
Ҷ͹ūƳӡƽӡ
䣡
Ҷ͹ūƷ飬һģͬʱ˵ɫҲ˲ò԰ס
ӡ̫ǿƲҶ͹ūһۣϽ֮ɫ
˵ͷںϣԪԲû뵽ȻƲӡƿӡΪҪﵽħˮɳԾ
ΪӡĶʯЧҶ²⡣
ӡĶʲô᲻˵ʹúʯˣūȻ
ûӡĶʲôòҪʹúʯħˮѡ
ūҶһۣȫ޳ħˮɵĻ
ʱż⴫ѩ̵ЦһƷʲôشӦ֪ˡ
һƷҶɫ΢䣬̨ūҲ̨
λμĿģضΪһƷѩ˵ûɣѩЦ
ٺ٣ûҵȷʵΪһƷġĳżڴϵЦ
СѾͷˣѶóɡ˺Ȼߴ١
ԣҶȻʯ˵ĻʯƺҲΪĳμģǼؾһƷ
ŹūҶʵū֪һƷʲô𣿡
һƷһƷҩūɫ
ƷҩҶɫһ䣬һƷҩѾۣȻҪƷҩ
ƷҩǵԪԲʿֵҩͻĻᡣūֵ
Ҷɫ䣬ѹ˶μᣬֻҪõǵͺпһ֡Ǹ֣ʵᳬǺʵġ
ǵҪǧƷԪʯҲֻлȻҲˣţ̫׽̿϶ǵū˵
ūʲôΪǰǵлͻƵ𣿡ҶȻʵ
ֻǻԪڶѣʹõҩʱҲͻơūҡҡͷ
ͻƲˣҲҶһЦ
Ҷ磬ˣǵֵǧԪʯū˵
ūֻҪóˮɵļƬҶӣ϶򵽵ҩҶЦˡ
СӣȻִ򱾹⣡ħˮŭˡ
ҶӺܶ࣬ټƬʲôҶЦ
ߣҶǶ࣬ɱǲ㣡ħˮߡ
ԣūЦ
ʱѩ̵Цٴδż䣺ǵĵ׼ǧλӦ֪ǵļֵֻҪǵͻĻͻӡ
΢٣ѩֵλڿԳˣÿμӼ۲ʮ򡣡
ǧһ򣡡̵Ȳĳۡ
ߣǧ򣡡ˮڵҲˡ
ǧ򣡡˽Ҳˡ
ٺ٣λǵ̫׽ڱص֮̫׽̳׽Цǧ򣡡
׽ϻ쵰ȻҲˣżڣʯЦ
үǲ𣿡¼ʯ幡
żˡʯ幵һЦ
ͬʱҶżڣħˮЭӦҶǵ
ūͷĳۺˣǿ϶ܵõǵҶЦŶԹū˵
ūЦŵ˵ͷ룺ҩҰѵҩ㣬϶лõ


144 
˽ʱ򣬽״²ڣһվһߵĵ¯¯Сףʱɢʹ÷ڵ¶ԽԽߡ
¯ҩĶѻɽҩ磬ҩϣʹŨ
гߺ󣬻һòҩͯŻȣͣΪȷ硣
תɵѾǵڰתˡ
̧ƣ֮ϺȻֳһϺɫȻӵлϵ
ˣ
һڵ¯ϣ¯𶯣еĻʱʢ
үүʲôʱһϻҩͯߡ
˫ڻСٹ꣬пܾЦ
үүǡʲôʱܳΪʦҩͯʡ
Ҳδسɵʦǲɲ֮ĳ˵
үүģ֮ġҩͯܶµĵ˵ͷ
֮ӵлϵ⣬ŬҲز٣ֻҪԺ϶ܳΪʦġЦЦٿϻƵҩ
ҩͯһЦΪүүȷ硣
ûãߵһȣ͵ڵ¯ϣ¯һ
ţһһƿȻС
ͬʱ¯ɢŨĵ㣬ಣĴָСĵҩӵ¯зɳҫҡ
գߵһץסŵҩƿڵɢȥ
û뵽ξȻŵҩߴЦȻԼҲûϵƳŵҩ
Ȼʵҩʦҩ𣿡
ϷȻ֣ƲĵΪҩʦ߰ȻһЦ
ҩʦܽ𣿡ҵ˹ʵ
ɡҩʦЦ
֨һҵŴ򿪣ҡ
ڽ״ѾʼǵҩʦѵҩǡΪǸ˹˵
˫ȡһҩƿҩʦ˵㣬תͷԸҩͯ
ҩͯԴӻȡһҩƿ
һĻΪǸɫ΢䣬ҩʦѵǵֹһţ
ǵȻүүʵεȸ߳һŵҩҩͯȻЦ
ҩʦҩͯһۣ¶֮ɫ
ٺ٣ҩʦֶܵУͨҩʦֻһŵҩΪ̾
ûҩʦֻԪڶѣѾƷʦʵšһҲ̾
ҩʦҲˣ˵Ŀ佱ЩƮƮȻ
Ȼ˵ͬʱɢâͻȻʸҩʦ
ҩʦɫ䣬æˣɻǳˣѾȭԪȭӡȻҩʦ
ΣͷҩʦϻһɫҩʦΪģɨ˷֮졣

ȭӡɫϣɫƬ̺Ȼ𻨡
ʱҩʦǽУһȻһǽڣֺҩʦұϣ˲䣬ҩʦұ۾ͱնϣѪҺɽ
ͬʱǽ˺ѣһ飬ʯɽһֳѪɫߵĺǽ롣һʦֽסҩʦĶϱۣƣõҩƿ
ҩ֣ߣ
ȹҩʦ˵ȳſڣҲҩƿ
ߣȻֻǾ̻һֻᣬҲ˵˵߾ߵģ
ҩʦסʹȻţ¡һ飬ӿ֣ݻƣ⻪
ʯ֮䣬˸ʡ
䣡䣡䣡
͵Ϯҩʦͬʱ󣬿ǵĹȴȫգƷøȹ̡
̻ҪĵطҺͿⷿ˲õĴҲȹ̵ģȻǻԪԲʿҲƽ⣬ȰǻİɡҩʦЦ
ƥתҩʦɱ졣
ǲǾ̻ˣǵ˭ҩʦȫˣʡ
ЦϺȻͷųţϵƤ䣬а˵ˡ˳Ծǣǵͫ׾ȻѪɫģǵĶͷмħơ
Ǿа̵ˣҩʦɫһ䡣
а̣ҩͯŵɫ԰ס
ƥ򣬰Ѵ򿪣ǻԷһ·Цв
ҩʦûǵвתͷˣ˵а̷ΪѪãɻãаãѪɱãϷûв´ӦѪɱõɱְɣ
Σ˵ڡ
ٺ٣벻ΪϷĵҩѪɱõ˶ˡҩʦһЦ
ƥ˹Ц
ŲţϷ֮ǰٿ汳ġҩʦˡ
ߣƥΣǣͬʱЦ
̸вֻǣϷ򲻽ҲɱˡҩʦȻһЦ
ɫ
ұ󷨸ԣղǳ͵ϮϷʱ˲ûзκζʱڣҡʱһ϶鿴ʱǱɣҩʦЦ
ԣ˵ɫȻһ䣬ֻǸ޶ԣûһ¡

״˹Ȼûзҵ䣬˿̣ǵļǮѾһǧƷԪʯ
һǧˣ̫׽̵ĳ׽
һǧһ򣡡ʯڳˡ
ߣһǧ򣡡׽ߣ򣬻˱̫׽̸С
һǧʮ򣡡ˮڵ˼Ӽۡ
һǧ򣡡Ҳʾõǵ͵лһܣ˭Ҳ
һǧİ򣡡ūҲʼˡ
ǸղߺʯǸʦ˹ū
ʦĪǹȣ׽ɫ΢䡣
ϣӦòܣʯѾۣȲҲۡ׽˵
ûڵˣʯ干ֱܷۡ׽˵ͷ
һǧ򣡡ʯֿˡ
ʯ幵׽ѾȷǸʦԲǹȡ
һǧʮ򣡡Ц
Ҷ忴Źūɫūǵõǵ˻뿪̻𣿡
ǲھ̻ᶯ֣һ뿪̻ᣬǿ϶׷ߡūһŵ㲻õģߵĻδ׷ҡ
ūʦԴߣȷʵ׷
ūõǵһߣΣգ̽ʥͼҶ
ū˵ͷ


145 
һǧ򣡡ڹūûú̫׽̳׽Ҳˡ
ǧ򣡡Ҷ岻ȹūۣȿڡ
ǸʦżȻˣҶɫһ䡣
ߣһ˭õǵ׽ߣۣǧ򣡡
ϣǲ𣿡ˮżڣ׿ʵ
˵̫׽ռϷ磬ٳҲ١ЦǸʦռϷ磬ǵ룬˿϶ߵҩ
ϵ˼˵򵽵ҩȥúߵҩĿһ
ٺ٣ȻʦҲţô˵ΧߡһЦ
ʱҩļ۸Ѿˡǧ򡱣۵Ҷ壡
ѵˣ˰²Ҷ͹ū
ǲһˣ֮⣬ûһóôԪʯ׽üͷҲڲ²Ҷ͹ū
ϣѾǧˣǻۣ׽ɿ׽
ãܵõҩҲ޷뿪򣬲Ҳô׾͵õҩ׽Ц
׽ɺ׽ԪҲЦˣԷʦǻԪ֣Ҳ̫׽ѡ
༸ȻҲ뷨Ƕյõҩ֮ˡ
ʱ̨ϵѩЦǧ򣬻˳𣿡
ǧ򣡡׽һЦ̧߼Ǯ
ǧ򣡡Ҷۡ
ǧ򣡡׽Ц
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˾ȻҸ̫׽̽а壬˭ֿʼ
ٺ٣˾ˣȻܵõҩҲ޷ߣϾ򡣡
ǿδأǼȻμᣬȻǵĵ
û˵ܰȻ뿪򡣡
ʦ˵ûпʦԺˣ
ʦԺ
˵ɫһ䣬ʦԺˣɾͲˡ
˭ҶʦԺ֮ˣ
ڶ֮ǰݡ˶ˡ
ʱ̨ϵѩЦǧһ򣬻˭𣿡
״ʱû˼ۡ
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˷ɵ״ʱ򣬽״ݶҲˣʯ׹䡣
ڳ˴ǻԪʿЩʯʯ幵̧һӣԪʯ飬촷ۡ
ಡ
˷׷׳Ϸȥܿ죬ͣ£״״Ѿ˷棬һɵӺȻ֡ȻһԲεĹ׼ȷ˵ӦǸݻɵĴ
֮ھȻˣˣһˣһߺһҩͯ滹꣬궼ֳֽɫɫսףϢֲ졣

սʿʯ幵˵ɫˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ɻĿŹū
˶ΪʥרŶԸа̵ˣΪΪҲǻԪڡūɫ
ԪڣҶɫ΢䣬ǿΪľȻҲǻԪڣһү
ݵĳԾҶ忴·Ĵоɣ׷ʲô£
ɵĲֹҶ壬Ҳɲѡ
ʱһŴˣЦа̵ԽԽˣȻ˾̻ᡣ
а̣ɫ΢䣬ڴڵ˾ȻǾа̵Ľͽ
ٺ٣һССľ̻ѣҾаҲ֪˶٣Ժû취ʲôȻǰСУڵ˹Ц
ߣ磬ǆ£ֱɱǾǣСߡ
ٺ٣ɱǣվҲ˵ɱˡڵ˼Ц
ղŽ״֮ԻᵹΪǸС˼ŭǿй󣬼̶״ʹ״ˡ
ڣС˵ļЦ¶ŭɫ
⼤ŭ㣬ʹڡ
ߣСһ˵ļЦ
Ȼڵ̧ͷŰеҶˣЦٺ٣ǵ˭ƿҾͰѵҩ͸˭
ǵ
˷׷ɫ䣬ǵȻھа֮ˡ
ٺ٣ʹǲƿܰɱҲ԰ѵҩ͸ǣʵǣϹŵҩڵһ˽Ц
΢٣ҩʦЦûȷʵŵҩŵĻǿҩʦ
뿴ҩʦ
ϷȷʵŵҩǧҪĻǾа֮ˣѵҩǣҩʦ˵
׽ҵȻ֪ҩʦĻ٣ǻĶˣǵп֣ǲĲǹ¡
ȻǸʹ˵˭Ұа̵ˣţòҪʲôа
ԣ׽˷׷ɫ䣬˵ľԲǼٻеκһ練ơ
ȻһЦЩ಻ܰ㣬㣬³֮󣬱ǵĵҩ
ЦɲǣųУһӰɳųڵݣ֮Ѫ졣
Ŀһɫ䣬ľȻһʨȫƣ𾪵ǣȻоβ͡
βʨһ
ʹߣȻεضһβʨƽɨԲʮųϷնʱƽ֡
䣡
βʨ̽צӲĻƽ𱦽𶯰˷ನɨʮأųǶ𶯡
ȻųǶߵ׹һȫ׹ľ޻һԾ˹ųĴ֮ž졣
׻һ̻ḽȻŵڶֻޡ
ߣСЦһ׻죬Ʋʱг顣
׻̧צһץǧٵ׹ŷסӭնɱĽ
С͵İεضһɱ׻ɱ졣
һһ۵糸ĴڹųϿգɱذ괹䣬ٷ˲仯촷ۣʵڿֲ
ʯ֮䣬һһѾɱ˹ų֮⣬Զ˹ųǡֹǣʹ;βʨҲɱ˹ų֮⣬֮Ϳ̿ݲ


146 ˳
ֻ޼սʱ򣬸߿ǧȭͷСĻǡ
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ٺ٣ŵҩ˭ܵһƽҾͷŵҩ˭ڵ˹Ц
׽ҵٴĶѾ޲סһûᣡ
뵽ʯ⣬Ĵĳ϶ˡ
ಣಣಣಣ
׽嵽Աߣ似񹥴󣬴˲ͱŨ֡
ߣ࣬ҩҵģ
ֻŭȣ񶯳򣬴ǵص׽ˡ
׽ɫ䣬ֻܷ󣬵ֵĹ
ĸԪͬʱ֣˲ͻ˻Ĺ
ĹҺȻ׽˵֣ǿûãҪƽ󣬱뿿ʦ
ʦ׽ɫ΢䣬̧ͷ˹ūҶ塣
ҵĻҲûм֣ڸ߿գһ̫ҫ۶Ŀ
ҵƿ󣿡׽Ц
Ů˾Ȼʦ
ڵ˴ϲæԹū˵ϰƿԸһǵ
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ﲻɲ㣡׽ЦɵūҶߣҶ͹ūΧס
ǲ֣òҪǣ׽ЦЦĿŹū
׽ȫҶˣϾҶΪʵ̫ˣǵۡ
ūȴӦǣҶȻū
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ٺ٣Ǿﶯְɡ׽һЦ
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ߣҲ̸Ц׽Ҳ¶֮ɫ
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ߣǵĻͲˣЦ
Сӣ㲻˵Ҳʦɣ׽ɫ΢䡣
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ڴʹ󱻻ٵ˲䣬Զз֣ƾճ֣Ҷ͹ū
ʹȻˣҶ͹ūǱͳɡ
׽˺;а̵˿϶ᷴڣΪµһ㣬Ҷ͹ūŻ뿪Ѿ֪ᱻ׽ûлţձƳǾٴͷųͷݻ˴ʹ
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ԣʯ幺׽˷׷ɫ䣬һƷҩʦƷҩᲢ۵ģǺԥĴҩʦҩʦԸɱа̵ˣ
ʯ幵˺ҩʦЭʱ򣬹ų׹׻۶
ѵ׻ɱˣ׽ɫ䡣
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Ļֻɫը׻ͻʱը촷ۡ
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ȷǰ϶³˼֡
ٴκȻ
а̵𾪣Ҳû룬תӡ
ɶûǻᣬ˵ɴַɳģѽɫ˵üģ˵



147 
ɱа̵˺󣬶˵ɴַɳģĻһֻ֣һ˻ͳһҩƿ
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˷׷ɫ䣬˾ԲǻԪʿȻˣΪʲôҪǵ
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һа̵ԲύҩǾȻȾа̵ˣūЦ
δΪ˾Ⱦа̵ˣһа̵ǿᵤҩҶ
ƾǣδߵҩοֻ޺ߵҩū˵
ûҶ˵ͷ
ҲҪǵ𣿡
ȻһϵҶ͹ūС
˭Ҷ͹ūɫ䣬ĿĹˣȻûпκˡ
ϷǺ桭ϵٴδҶ˶С
Ҷ͹ūͬʱתʱһˣʶĺ˼
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϶ˣǸҲܵõǵҶĿһ
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ū˵ͷ

ܿ죬Ҷ͹ūڵű
ҶѾָ˱òūȻǰӣûлָò
һϱҶͿʯ幺¼Ȼʯ幺¼Ҳոյϱ֮⣬ˬĽҲڼװϣڽ״֮ǰ뿪˹ųǣûˡ
Ҷ尲Ȼˬ˿
ͬʱʯĿҶ壬ףҶΪʲôصʦһ
磬ڹųŮˣǸɵˣһش֮ҴҲ֪ʲôҶ崫ʯ幡
ʯԿŹūЦˣ֪Ϊ£
Ҳȥ̫׽̣˹ɵıүӦòܾɣūЦ
ﾡǡʯһЦתͷԸˣλﰲһ䷿䡣
ǣү˵ͷ漴ԹūЦ㣬С
ūЦŵ˵ͷһ봬ա֮ǰҶ͹ūѾãʱѹūй¶ԲŻᷢղһĻ
ڹū봬յʱ˴Զڼװϡ
Ҷʯ幵ͬʱͻȻֵˣľȻߣһ£ƼݣһҲ£ţ봹ǰ
ٺ٣ˣǵıҪȥʲôطƼݵЦ
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ٺ٣쾵պ˳·ǾҰɣƼݵЦǺǵĿߡ
ߵ˵ͷʯЦˣɷһΣ
λöУʯĳ˰ŷ䣡ʯһЦ
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ߣд˯ԼĥԼ𣿡Ƽݵߺ˺ߣԸ˼װϡ
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ʯ幻˵ʲôǸߺȻ˰֣ˣڼװϾС
ԣʯЦҡҡͷٶ˵ʲô
ǹˣĽ˵
ҶһЦͷȷʵܹŹ֣˹Ź֮⣬߻ǳ򵥡
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󣬿˻ˣ˲ɻͷʲô
ˣԹһ𣿡ߺȻҶ˵
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ϵܣ˲򵥣Сģʯ幺ȻҶ塣
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һˬʯ幵˷׷𾪡
ҶͫһҲһ߾ǺηʥȻ֪ԼһΣ


148 쾵
֮ʣЦЦˣղֻǸ㿪Цѣǧõ档
ЦϣҶһЦ룺ߵ˭
ˬ˿ЦãͷȻڿЦ
ˣȥɣҪϷĻϡЦЦ˫ۣɮ붨
ҶһЦߵˬߣţһ˴ա
ʯ广һۣüͷҲ¼һ봬ա
ߺǸƼݵ߿ߣɻ쾵ղ㵽׸ʲôѵСǸˣˣôģ
ҿˡΪ쾵߻˵
ߣ쾵ῴ˵СǸˣС϶ǸˡƼݵߡ
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⣬쾵ҧָھϣѪҺɢվ泹ױѪɫţϻ֡
ֺֻһֻ֣һͻȻͬʱ쾵һһѪеľҲ֮飬ʧ
쾵Ƽݵɫ䣬æס쾵
ĪѱڣϷ쾵Ҳ࡭쾵ߴϢоźͺȻ֮ɫ

ʱҶѾص䣬֪װϷ¡
صҶڴϣŸղǸ˵ĻоǸ߾ûЦ
˭ҶԽԽ
Ȼ⴫Ҷ̧һӣ򿪣һŮ뷿䣬˾Ȼǹūū뷿˲䣬Ѿָ˱ò
û뵽¼ҲûϳңǹȻūһЦ
⣬Ӧûϳ㡣ҶߵԱ£ūһ衣
ūҶ£ӹҶ嵹õĲˮû˵Ȼ̸Ľ㡣
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ӻԪԲͻƵѡҲûм
΢٣ūҶ壬˵Щǿʵ̫ˡ
ʲôܱΪ򣿡Ҷ档
ҵǿԻش㡣ħˮɵЦȻľдӵʿܱΪûʿֻһС򡣡
󾳣Ҷɫ΢䡣
ӻԪԲѾѣͨ˻ʮ꣬ϰҲδܳɹ󾳣ѶȾ͸ˣҲδһܳɹħˮɽֵ
ǸʲôΪҶȻħˮɣūҲܺ档
Ҳ֪ҲǸ˵ҵľӡˡҿԿ϶ǼһԳԽ˻Ԫħˮ˵
ѹܴӾа̵ߵҩҶĿһһԽԪʦǸֲĴڡ
ղ˵Ǹ˵ͷҲǿҲпܳԽ˻ԪħˮɺȻ˵
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Ҷԣūƽö࣬ϾǻԪߣѾµͷΪ
Һ֣ǸͷΪʲô㿪ЦȻ˵ǸˡħˮһЦ
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ūҶһЦҲͷųͷģ̫С
ܿ죬˾ȫ̫С

ڹūҶ̫󷨵ʱڵҷбѾɣƿշߡ
ͬʱԶĹųУѾصųǣһˣҩʦǸҩͯ
ǸСɫ԰ףսѾ˺ѣ֮ǰ׻ֵʱ򣬱׻УԱսײŻ˺һӡ
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ҩʦ⣬üŋ־իˣαҵǵ
ҩʦھͻȥͳˣͳʶˣͳ˻ʶǸˡʹҩʦ˵
δ䣬Ѿεض𣬻һƿշߣС
ʦԺŋ־իܵġҩʦŽԶȥ̾Ϣ

ʱҶ͹ū̫󷨣ǰͷںϣģ̫Уϸ̫еķĺƣ̫󷨵ԽԽ
ͨںͷķ󷨵ٶȿ˲ֹһ־ϲ
ǲ֪ʹʦԺ󷨵Ҳǳϡ١ҪһʦͷںҶ͹ūûκ˵Ľ̵Ȼһʵڷ˼
ʦԺ֪϶𾪵˵
ʱҶ͹ūȻУֻһС̫󷨶ѡ
̫ʵ̫ˣʹҶ͹ū֣ʱҲδ͸޷ӳ̫󷨵ȫ


149 ų
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ɴſʼʱ䣬˿ڰɽׯҲȥųǵĽ״ֲμӽ״ᡣ

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Ǻǣ˸ҳᣬ̻֣ҵҲֻɱмЦ
λһϣϽ̫ľλӦ˵Ŷԡλ˭ӵ̫ľԸóһ似
˵˾Ҷ棬ЩϣƺǸߡ
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ӰٲҶһ
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СӰٲǰأҶס飬ū
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εЦЦ˵λ̫ľԸóԪʯ
Ҷ󼱣Բ似ڱУû̫ľ޼ƿʩ
ūҲҶżΪ似ҶҪԡ


150 ̫һ
̫ľûУľҪĻҿԽ㣬һ
Ҷ޼ƿʩʱʥͼеĹĸȻ
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Ҷ𾪣̫һµֵȻؽ似
ûϵһ֮ǰ޷뿪ʥͼٺ٣Ұľ㣬ҵõ̫һϵĶ룬Ӧòܾҵ飬˵ûɣĸ
ƾʲôѶңҶûĴ
ҿԸһЩñӦĻ취ʥͼԽĸһЦ
ãҶԥĴӦ˹ĸţ̧ͷŶߣЦҶ似ЩȤû̫ľֻľ
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˵û̫׽̵ĵֻ̣Ҫ̫׽̾Ͳþκˣ׽һЦŽ״֮ȥ׽ɺ

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151 򵽷Ϊֹ
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۵ʱԺ֮ڣ׽׽ɵ˿Ҷ壬ɫЩѿ
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ǿͨʮ౶ֵʱ䲻Ǿ̫˼ˡ쾵
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ͬʱٴμҶ壬ʱѪ죬𶯡
ʱūڳˣüҲͷųͷ


152 ľ
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Ҷ͹ūͬʱЦ
Զս˿Ҷˣҡͷ̾Ϣ
̫׽̵ĵ̣ʦҲӲˡ
̫׽ѹ֮أ˵ȥ˸޷ųһؽȥɣ
ٺ٣㲻ؽȥҲ׶༪١
ųǵ̫׽̣ʵڲǡ
˵۵ʱ׿˵дūЦĳ˱ԸŮ˶֣ĳҲһŮˡ
δ䣬׿˵ū֮׹һִ߰˷ž졣
ͬʱ׽Ҳ֣һū
һߣ׺йâէһɫȻ֣Ҳ˵֣ʱ׼
ͷ򵥣ȥԸǣ
峤Ŀһľ˺쾵ţҲͷų׹⣬һˡԶԶȥն쳹ʮء


153 𾪵
̫׽̵峤ҲˣԶս˷׷ɫ䣬̫׽峤ǻԪԲ֣ʵˣһ֣Ҷ˼ߵĻᶼûС
ο֮⣬༸̫׽̵ĳҲڳ
ٺ٣ˣ˵ûҪЩ˰ȷʵǴ򵽷Ϊֹ
ľ˺ȻҶЦ϶ɳơ
Է׷ɫ䣬ͷʲôȻҽа̫׽̣ҾȻҪ̫׽̴򵽷Ϊֹ
ԭū׿˵кȻͣĿſľˡ
ߣûκ̫׽̷Ҳ䣡
峤Ҳ泰֮ɫһ̧һץ׹ϯ˷֣յץľˡ
˺Ȼһץ֮ʹ˷ʵھˡ
ҶɫҲһ䣬ʵȷʵ侪ˡ
Ȼ𾪵ǣľ˸ûܣЦǺģ́ͷӭץĴ֣ҡͷ̫׽Ϊǿ˽г㲻Ҷ֣
˵ţľһץĴֺȻŤȻһľС
⡭˺ȻʧɫĹȻˣôܣ
׿˵е̫׽̵ĳҲѡ
ľ˹Ȼ򵥣Ҷ͹ūſľˣҲ𾪡
׻ĹԲǻԪߣֻǳԽԪĴڡ뵽ĵ׷ƼݵͷȻǳԽԪĴڣʵ𾪡
ಣȻľ˱·˺ѣһֱ۰ִ׿˵е̫׽̳ϡ
ԶԶȥնǣһĻʵ̫ˡ
˷׷׳ּ֣׹ж֣ž쳹
˾㤵ǣľ˱ٸ޾ֱӻĲסˣߵĻҲûС

һȫʯڵϣߵʯ
ٺ٣Ϸ˵̫׽Ϊǿ˽гǻϷĶ֡
ľ˺ٺһЦٿر٣ȫ˰С
˿̵ˣȫǱ٣ȴҲѲ
Ȼһļʸƿ쳹أֲѹżʸƽȻ٣һ
Ҷ͹ūĿȥһ֧׹ļʸų֮׺ڡ
ಣʸЮ׹⣬ȻľˣԶԶȥľ˺쾵ȫ׹֡
ɫ䣬Ϊ͵˲̲סڵء
ٺ٣ΪϧҲϷĶ֣
ľһЦһ٣һ˼ʸ
䣡
𶯣ʸ׹⣬
̧ͷŸ߿е׹⣬׷𾪣̫׽̵־ȻҲκβͷ
ղųֵӦ̫׽̵ĸƽҲֲֻд
̫׽̵ڶ֣ȻҲκβͷͷǺηʥ˾㤡
˵ǰѾͻƵû뵽Ҳκβͷ
ԶսĪս𾪲ѡ
ֹ༸ͬ𾪲ѡ
ʱľ˿쾵ٺЦٺ٣쾵˵Ҹôǣ
ľͷòɱ˰ɣ
ղŶеĳҵļλֵܸǸǡ
һų봫ĿȥĶǽ
ٺ٣ƾʲôҪǣľ˺ٺһЦ
ԣҶ͹ūһۣѵλ̫׽̴򵽷Ϊֹ
˵뷨ҲҶһģˮں̵ȴ˰ֻľ̫ܰ׽һˣǲ侮ʯ
ʱִ̫׽̽Ҫ̫׽̸ʲôſϷǣ
ľ˺ٺһЦ˵쾵ȻЦһĵطУǲϣ˴š
˾㵣ԼĶ⡣
ãųκεطλȥĳ˱֤Բλ̫׽̽ԥĴӦˡ
쾵һЦһһɫӺȻ֡
ӳɲǣɫһ䣬ΪǶо˵ֵϢ
ͷȻе֣ǵ֡Ӧò֮ˡľȻ˿µǿ
Ȼ쾵еľһϯ˷
˻Ϊ쾵ɱ̫׽̵ˣ׷𾪣˸Ǻ쾵ֶԸǣæˡ
Ҷ͹ūȻڷվţû뿪Ϊ֪쾵ǲ
ʱӾͷųĽѾѷԶԶȥҶ쾵ˡ
ڣɢȥĿȥо¶𾪡֮ɫ
ԭȱū׿˵ƻѾɷԺӣȻѾ
⡭˴ͣоþ޷ƽϢ
ôܣҲ̫׽̵ĽҲˡ
ӽ쿪ʼԺӰ֮ڲ׼˿ٺ٣飡ľɳƵʧԺд
ĭ׷˺󣬸ҿԺӡ
ȻԺڷɳӰȻ׿˵еˣȻ쾵Լ˷ˣûʳԡ
׿˵е˱ųͷҲûأæߡ
ͬʱһӵϵֵߣѷָԭ״ºܿ촫ųǡϢųǵ˶𾪲ѣȻҲһ˲ġ
ǣЩϢ˿д˶ţоѡ
֮࣬˲²⣬ǸߵǺηʥӵʲô֣
֮ųǶˣɴҲô֡

ʱ쾵ڵԺڡ
Ҷ͹ū쾵Ȼ֮ɫȻҲղһĻ𾪵ˡ
ʱ쾵еľӺȻ⣬Ρ
λӦòˣȥһϤһʱǿʼ󡣡쾵ЦݵĿҶ͹ū
ūҶ˵ͷһ
ĿҶľ˺Ȼ쾵ü쾵ǵؽ󷨣ֻʱԶԶɣ
ҪȫʱȻ£Ҳδ͸ҵĿֻϤ󷨶ѣ򡣡쾵Ц
ϧǵʱ䲻ˣǵԶȼꡣľҡͷ
һж΢٣쾵ֵ󷨲ɺǻҪһǶûг죬ǻҪһʱ䡭
һʱҲνҲ뿪ľһЦ



154 
ڣҶ͹ūϣǻû򿪾Ϥ󷨣̸ʲô
ū˵ΪʲôҪ󣿡ҶüͷŹū
ūҡҡͷҲ²쾵ΪʲôҪ
ٺ٣Сӣôʲôֻа󷨣нҪ̫һĶĸЦȻʥͼд
̫һϵĶô󣬾İɴҲδػѶҰɣҶ巴ʡ
˵ʵǿǲѶаնԸ𣿡ūʵ
ĸĬƬ̺ߣߣҪүְܳҵĻʲô
ٺ٣ֱ˵ǵĶֲ͵ˡħˮɵļЦľд
ߣĸߣֻҪܰʥͼʮɰտѹǡ
ҶҡҡͷĸħˮɣѼľչжʱģŷģâ˸
Щĺأһһףһһһ𣬹â˸
ūƯڰеķģͷųͷݻɷġ
ҶҲͷųͷסԪݻ˷ġ
˵ķںϣУԭʼġ
ԭʼĵͬʱҶ͹ūٴνڣȫû
˺Ȼһľ磬·ֻˣҲûǵĺ΢ޣָᣬƮĸо顢ڡ֮Ѭԡá
߼뾲ħˮɺ͹ĸͬʱ𾪡
ֹǸ߼뾲пܴﵽж״̬߼뾲Ҳ˵ħˮɵ
뾲Ϊļÿ𣬸뾲ʱĳֿ̣ԷΪ״̬ж״̬״̬ǵΪôܴﵽж״̬߼뾲ĸ𾪡
ڻȷǲж״̬뾲ܱ״̬ʱǲж״̬߼뾲ħˮֵ
޷ﵽж״̬߼뾲Ҳǳ˼飬ˣһֻǻԪһֻĸ
ʦ꽻ڣֶʵĽħˮ˵
ʹʦԺһҲǷëǣû˽̵ȻߵһĻʵڷ˼ĸ̾
ˣʥͼҲʦںط𣿡ħˮɺȻʵ
ʥ£ټӲʦԣмڸں˽꽻ڡĸ˵
ʥ˭ôû˵ˣУᶫ˭ħˮʡ
Ͼ࣬ĻԲ֪ܲʥ˭ĸһЦ
ߣҴӵǿʼһֱ׷ɱôʱȥϢħˮûĺߵ
ٺ٣Ȼˣ֪ʥ˭ʲôãĸһЦٶԡ

ͬʱųĳ䣬Ȼʮˡ
û뵽쾵Ϳľ˾Ȼ̫׽̡
ʱҪǣǱ¸߳ϡ
ٺ٣û뵽ǾȻײǣֻҪǰϢȥǿ϶͡
˵к˶Ц
Ȼһ˵ĵ쾵Ϳľ˻᲻ỵǵĴ£
ǻǵ£ȳˣܾȳʮ峤ϣץס쾵ͿľˡкЦ
ϴ֣Ҳûס쾵ͿľˣοҲûôס˵
ٺ٣ųǾԲ쾵Ϳľٴߵġ˹Ц

ڣҶ͹ūȻ
ǵؽ󷨣Ī⣬Ҷ͹ūں꣬߼뾲ʱҲ޷ȫ
ʱҶ͹ūȻûдӸ߼뾲ѹ
ʱȻˡ
ĸʱȻˡ
ħˮɺ͹ĸһĻж𾪡
ѾʱˣǾȻĽж״̬뾲ħˮɺ͹ĸĽ
ʹǿħˮɣҲ޷ж״̬߼뾲Ҷ͹ūһĻ᲻Ľ
꽻Ȼǽж״̬߼뾲ȴ޷ǽ״̬߼뾲״̬߼뾲ʵ̫ѡĸ
뾲ļһ״̬ѡ
ν״ָ̬뾲ʱ䳬ϣһˣûУ
˵״̬ﵽ£ﵽԲʱأʱ޿̽뾲״ֻ̬Ǵ˵ѡ
˭ܴﵽ״̬Բͬʱ߼뾲似κζǧٱ뿴һؽף似һȫǺε
ϧ״̬ԲֻǴ˵ѣںܹϵĵ伮ϲмأ˴ﵽ
ʱҶ͹ū߼뾲Ѿĸʱ
Ҷ͹ūȻ뾲ѹ
ħˮɺ͹ĸϧ߼뾲ʱԽҶԽǵȻϣҶ
ʱˣλСѣǿԿʼˡ쾵ЦȻ⴫
Ҷ͹ūһۣҶᣬ͹ūͬʱ߳
⡣
Ҷ͹ūո߳ʱԺвԪʯ岼̡
Ҷ͹ūѾѾ󡷣ǵȻóԺвõԪʯʵҪĻЩʹ󽵵ǲѶȡ
ȻҶ͹ūһע⵽ԺвõԪʯƺͨԪʯ
ЩƷԪʯЩԪʯõ󷨻ǲ󷨵ѶȻήͲ١ľһЦ
Ҷ͹ūɫ䣬ԪʯȻƷ
ʱ쾵ҶˣЦλСѣϷѾΪǲú󷨻ʯϷϾʦ޷ƣԣʣµֻܽˡ
ԽµĴԽҪʦ˽󷨣һͨˣֻҪͨ󷨣ҲԪʯ󣬿ɵؽ󷨣󷨣Ͳͨܲóˡ
쾵ĻūҶһۣǵüͬʱͷųͷ
ͷסԪģƮ쾵õ֮жȥ
Ȼݻƣ˵УԭֻϰٸԪʯɵĴ󣬽ƣԽԽӣԽԽ¡
󷨺ܴ󣬼Ժ䣬ʹҶ͹ū֣ʱҲ޷óɹԣβ󵽵Ҫʱ䣬᲻ɹ˭Ҳ޷ȷ
쾵Ϳľ˲żԺһ£ȴš
ͬʱҶ͹ūѾȫͶ󷨵ĲУԺʱðޱȡ


155 
һԽԽƣҫ۵ĹâԺ䡣
ʱ󣬴Ѿƣ˸Ŀ
ֹ˰ʱԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼԪԽԽ񱩡
󲻶ϱƣʱ䳤Ҷ͹ū˵ܲó
ʱѾ˺ҹҶ͹ūȻڲ
쾵ָһŵҩҶ͹ū
ūҶͬʱסҩֻ쾵Ц˵ŵҩ԰ǻظǿѵҩ°ɡ
ԣūһۣԥûϷµҩ
ߣ쾵뺦ǣõöҩ𣿡ľߡ
Ҷ͹ūһЦѵҩ£ʱʧָࡣ
ָҶ͹ūô
쾵СһֻʱԵؽ󷨵Ȼ֮ʵЩ˼飡
ľ˺Ȼ쾵ϾǾ֮ɫ
Ҳ֡ǵ͹ǵԡ쾵۾
ǲ֪Ҷ͹ūͨںϣﵽ˸߼뾲
ʱĺܿ죬תۼˡ
䣡
ʱ򣬴ȻһԺҲΪ֮𶯡
ڲóɹϷԪӿһһԲһԲתÿת𾢷磬ϯ˷
ͬʱзǳ˸ҫ֮
ʱӸ߿տȥĻ϶ܿԺӶѾڰɫĹȦ
лλСѣ󷨲óɹ쾵ҶˣԵĸл
ٺ٣Ƿģ˵һһͶԲʳԡľһЦ
ҶɫλҲҪֻҪλǰϵһ
ľһ㶡
쾵һЦ֪СҪʲô
ûв´ǰӦ̫һϵĶɣҶĿһ
ô֪̫һϵĶľɫһ䡣
ܡҶһЦ
ߣСӣ̫һϵĶж㲻᲻֪ɣľɫһ
ľλСѱϾǣǸں϶Ӧõġ쾵ȻЦ
ǡľ˲ԸĿ쾵
쾵˰֣ҶЦСѣϷȷʵ̫һƤëȻҪĻϷ͸ˡ
˵ţһɫӺȻУţȻ˾֮ڣӾȡһһɫëƤ
ɫëƤһ֣ëƤΧĿռȻ֮Ťʵ˾㤡
ūҶ忴ëƤж¶֮ɫֻ̫һëƤѣȻŤգʵ̫˼ˡ
ˣϷͿľҲҪ̫һƤëԣҲܰƤë㣬֮һ㿴Σ쾵Ц
ҶЦŵ˵ͷܵõ֮һѾ֪ˣٲ֪㣬ľ˿϶ᷭˡ
Ҷͷ쾵һЦʳָһëƤëƤʱг֮һţ쾵һӣëƤҶ塣
ҶסɫëƤɫһ䣬ɫëƤĴУͺſһ
ݵĳԾҶëƤǬ쾵ֵǰȻѾóɹǾȸˡ
쾵˵ͷ
Ҷ͹ū뿪Ժӡ
Ҷߺ󣬿ľ˲Ŀ쾵ʵΪʲôҪ̫һƤë
Ϊ쾵˵
㲻˵Ǹ𣿡ľü
ܺϵ֮ˣͨˣ쾵ζ˵
㿴쾵ŵڼľ۾
Ҳ֪ûܿ͸ġ쾵
ľεҡҡͷٶʲô

뿪ԺӺҶ͹ū˰ɽׯ
صɽׯҶ͹ūֿص˸Եķ䡣
ڣҶϣͷһü⣬ʥͼһƯڰУ뵡
ٺ٣û뵽ϼһϾȻôһëƤʵǲ˼飡ĸľϲʥͼд
̫һëƤʲôôҶü
֪ʲôãҲòϡĸһЦ
ߣòϣԺòϣҶ壬ëƤֻøһСˣǧҪԼšħˮɵȻľд
ߣ£ĸ˺ߡ
̫һëƤʲôãҶ岻⡣
̫һϵκζԳɿռ䣬һëҲˣ˵ǿռǿͻƵ󾳣ӵпռ౦ħˮɫ
Ҷɫһ䣬̫һϵĶȻǳΪ󾳴ܵĹؼ
Ӧ֪Ϊʲôõ̫һƤë˰ɣħˮЦ
Ȼ̫һƤëôҪҵȻȫȥҶһЦ
СӣѾӦңĪ뷴ڣĸˡ
ҵȻᷴڣҶһЦһһˡ
ˢˢ
˸Ƥë˲䱻гݡ
ҶݣȻһʥͼ
ãĸЦʥͼд
ҶһЦͷһдȻ̣ʧ
󽣺Ҷͷųͷʱӿ֣һһͷߡ
䣡
ԪӿҶͷڣꡣ
쾵󷨣ʧ˲٣ֻáڤ빦ȫָ
ڤ빦󷨣ȻԻָҲдá
һʱҶһͷüģֹͣڤ빦
ţǬȡ޵ɵ֣
ʵĻۣ磬Ҫҩɢͱҩֹ֮ͨ磬ʵΪû㹻Դ
Ȼʹӵ㹻ԴҲδܳΪ¾ߡ
ҪΪ¾ߣҩɢͱҩȵȫģҪԣ
ⲢҶҪϵ£ֻ費ϽתɵڵѪɡ
֪ܲܿٳʮѪ
ҶҰģﵽִ˵еľ硪ʮѪ
䣬ִǬȡʮͬʱɵ֣źɫ֮ԶԶȥ˶ɫ֣֮а
ֻɵֺ󣬽ְ֮ϯְץס
֮ʼʮľתѪٶ
Ҷ֮ͬʱôΪɵѾɳ٣֮Ըȫõ֤
˿̣ĵڣѪٶȴӣǰ˲ֹһ


156 ʯɱ
ѪһͣʱҶֹͣʮǬ
ҶƵѪԿٳ߸ѪڵѪ£γһѪУγѪѪγɵɲǣѪб˿˿Ѫ
ٵ߸Ѫʧˡ
Ҷ廹ԵʱķȻˡ
Ҷһӣ򿪣һ뷿䣬˾Ȼǹū
ɴȿʼʱ죬˵δȵһֵٿ֮أ˵ţūѾϡ
ҶڹūŹūЦʲôط
Ų֪ÿԼĶ츣ءūЦڴʵų룬̫׽֮ԲŴ˵ؽǣΪ˵һ츣ء
̫׽̵Ķ츣أӦҲѹƽ֮˵ΪɣҶ
ûҲѹΪصˣᱻѹƵԪ¡Ҳ˵صˣֻܷӳ¾۷ū˵
صѹ֮ƺû鸣ǿҶĿһ
û鸣أԪߵıһ룬϶⵽ɣزᡣ
΢٣ū˵ȥصˣв콾ǧҪСģ
ūģҾԲµģҶһЦ
ū֣ūкȻһĨĹʣܿ죬ָֻƽЦ̫׽̻ɴȵľǵģҾͲ˵ˣɣˡ
˵ţūЦӯӯվ
ҶһЦ߹ū漴˷䣬

ͬʱū뿪Ҷķ󣬴۵ĳȣһ䷿ڡ
ո뷿䣬һ˴ӱ§ס§סЦҵܾˡ
м㣬϶ºܸȤ
ū˵ĻתЦӯӯĿˣӢˣȻڵĶүʯ
ҶĳˣǴˡ
ڶȤκҶȤʯһЦ§סˡū
˵ºйأѵҲûȤΪҲ֪㾭ȥãϧò㡣
ūЦӯӯĿʯ
ղŽҶ巿䣬Ҷ̸ŮˣȻǲǹūǹȣ
ȵĻʯɫ΢䣬ݵɫЦʵ֪ʲô飿
㡭ѾˣЦ
ʯɫ䡣
ʯı飬Цʲѣֶʯ˵²֪õС˾ȻðūǸȵӣʵڡ
˭ʯ纮˪ͳ
ЦҲ㣬ɱõСˣʱÿ϶ԭģ˵ƴ
ģҲɱʯ˵
ˣ֪Ұģ϶һӡЦҡҡͷ
˵˵ʯЩ䡣
ҵĺӦ֪ﲻ˵Ļ˭ҲƲЦ
΢٣Ȱ촽յʯӸЦֻܸ㣬Ǹ֮񣬱˶ɵСȴǿ׳ҲܻŮˣҲѹûȻֻһ棬Ҳеϲˡ
ʯɱӿ֣˵ֶԺ㣡
˵ţʯȻת߳˷䡣
ĿʯȥһĨüңüԭһ룬һĨȻʧ
ãǲǽãСҲûϳҺܺ棬СʯˣܻãòĶҲõЦ
ղ֮ȥҶĶʵΪ̽Ҷ壬ūڲųǡҶٰġūȻû֮ɫ֤ūųǣ
뵽ʯ϶ȥҶ٣Ȼ϶ֶԸҶ壬ȻԼĺÿ϶ʹо˵Ŀ֡

ʱʯѾɫĻصķ䣬һص䣬ͷԸ̽Ҷ䡣
ܿ죬һķ⣬Ҷݺ֮ʯ
棬ʯɫûղŹ˵ġȻǲǰſ˵ĵһֶŮδҶ壡
˵ĵټˣѾѴΪͽܣȽδ򡭡ʯüͷ
ɱҶ壬뵽ʯ幺ʹΪȻɱҶ壬϶ʯΪѡ֪ʯ干ûҶΪͽҶΪܡ
ȥСӣҵҪʲô֮
˵ţʯ뿪˷䣬Ҷ巿֮ȥ
ʯ뿪ʱҶڹۿӰٲص֮
Ӱٲأ˽Ʒ似˵أҶƲ⣬ӰٲӦؽƷ似
ӰٲĻǾŹλӵؿʼŹλͳ˶ֱ仯Ҳ֮˶ֱ仯Ϊֱ仯ʹ似õ
ֻҪЩ仯벽УȻҲˡ
ݾϼأѾʧġӰٲأأ仯Ī⣬֮١
ңϻŲƵͼЩƶֻģͨ˸ֻʦܿ
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ʮֱ仯
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֮ȫ֮ضȻҶҲȫûк·ʦʵɵزǿƿŹ
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ҶŹʱʯѾķ⡣
ĵܶصˣȻй֮лΪԪߡҸʯŮˣӣʯҲ飡
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һ뷿䣬ʯɫͺȻһ䣺󣡡
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157 ɴȿʼ
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Ĵڸ߿УʱͬʱԶҲʱ޺ȻҲΪ֮𶯡
·ԶŵϢأ
СӣЩ𣿡Ļ̌ͷԶ߿еĴ
ˬͳҲŸ߿еЩ
ǣȫȫЩӦޣΪηҶ


158 
ܣȻ鲻ǻ᲻ᡭ֮УˬҶ塣
пܣҶ忴˿߿յƲ㣬ֿ˿Զܲ󣬽˵ȷʵп֮УȥЩطҵĻ˵ҵ顣
Сӣô֣ҲδĶְɣĽĵ
ӣôĪ㺦˲ɣҶתͷĽЦ
ߣ»ûﺦµĶĽߡ
ҶһЦ߰ɣǰиȥûġ
˵ҶѿˬˣΣգ磬ǧҪСģ
ˬ涼˵ͷǵȻ⡣
Ҷǰ·һ˳Զȥ
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Ҷľһ棬һƴСʯһ
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ҶʩչӰٲס֮ܵˮٶ˼£ವһҶͺƵʮ֮⣬ܿԪĹ


159 ׵
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춯ؾԪƺһͬʱˡԪ⣬ȫûסΣȫ׹Уʮߵˮ
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Ҷһӣ֮ϯס׽ɵʬ塣ת˲֮䣬׽ɵʬʧֻʣһֻǬҶС


160 
Ҷɱ׽ɵʱųڣϵһУȻƯĺɫ
Ȼöһѣ׹棬һöϺȻдš׽ɡ֡
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ĳϣүȥأɱ϶أ߹ش
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װĿ䣬һһ׹ƿնȥȥķص֮

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Ҷɫ䣬׹ĸ˼
򵥵˵Ƕ츣飬ǵΪûѹƣֻ޷ߵľѡÿ츣ضԼıԴΪԴȱԶ츣޷ߵľ硣ĸ͡
Ҳ˵飬пԪҶɫ΢䡣
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Ҳ˵ĳ츣أֻܰ˵ΪѹƵôǸ츣ڼпܵ飿Ҷ
ܴҶ˵ˡĸһЦ
ȻлԪ飬ΪʲôҪץɱ飿Ҷ岻⡣
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ղǼ˵ˣħˮǱǵץߵģħˮɶǵĶ֣ȰòҪȥĸȻѡ
Ҷûĸѣȥͼǰļҵˬˡ
ҵõ̫һķϣҾ͸ˣ벻ĸȻЦ
ʲô⣿Ҷɫ΢䡣
ʥһ󷨣Կˣɱһ飬Ȼ飬ͿǱĴӪ𣿡ĸЦʱֻҪʥͼУʥͼϣκ˶ܷ㡣
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䣡
Ҷһȭϣꪵꪼ飬ҶҲõɳȥתڵ档
飡Ҷغ̧ͷ飬ɫأʵ¾ߡ
סꪣɫҲˣû뵽ҶȻһȭꪡ
̧ͷҶ壬Ŀһ촽Цѹܴҵꪡ
˽⡣ҶһЦ
궼벻˽ⶼѡЦ࣬ҲҵĶ֣ǹԹԸǻȥɣ
ȥʲôطҶʵ
ȻǵأǰǲҶ࣬ڲһˣΪǵѾ
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161 
ɱҶתȼѪ¯һ㣬Ѫϯ˷ʩչȼѪҶʱ¾ߡ
ʱѾɱҶǰꪸӭǧ貵׹⡣
ҶһƴСĴ󽣺Ȼ֣ʯ֮䣬󽣾ͱ߳ľ޽

Ҷ󽣣ϣײ𻨡
һûϵҶ˲
֮ʣҶ飬һѪ죬ϸ緢˿Ľǵص顣
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ȿŽԶȥʯ¶ЦҵĺãʯѾˣС˿ҪСġ
䣬ҲƿշˣûзֹūԶϾūѾıò
ԶūһʯǧҪʲô򡭡

ڣҶѾأ֪ɽׯ¡
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̫׽̵⣬ͨ˿¸޷ʱط档
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ߣҲӱ죬ٸҶ˵䣬СҸͷЦ
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162 
ԨܳҶ˺ܾòߵͷ
ͷȻһֱɵĶߣҲ֪ͨʲôط
Ҷ˽붴ߣûãǰȻʣһ޴ܶȻ֣ܶ飬ǶѨЩѨзɳȻЩѨס֮ء
ܶͷȻһͨͨϢǿ鿴ء
׳ļҶ˽⵽߹ͨͿԵִľס֮ءľס֮أĽأûеõ˭Ҳ׼ڡ
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Ҷ̧ͷȥ̵ѾԵĶѨ
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163 
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164 ɨ
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165 
սʹطͬѲҶ壬ֻʮͱҶ׷ˡ
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Ըشһ⣬һ㡣ҶһЦ
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ģǸײȻֻ¾ʵԶ¾໹ҪǿңҲı֣ǧҪСѡ
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Ѫ⻺֮ɣתѪĵڵѪԽԽ࣬ҷǳܣתɵѪҪܡ
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ѪⲻϱҶ嵤ڵѪԽԽ࡭
ʱѪĻѾһּޡ
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ͬʱˬ˻㣬ûҶɵ֣ٶȸȲҶ塣


166 
˵ڶҶ嵤ڵѪӲ٣ȴ޷ٴοٳѪ㣬뿪˴
һ̣ʥͼէҶһ
ʥͼҶ߳ɽҪȥصļ֮أΪֻȵõ飬ҵִＫ̨֮ˣлͨɴȵһ֡
뵽Ҷ߳˶ѨɵϿգλá׽˵֮ͨصķֻ꣬иڷߣղִܵＫ֮ء
Ƭ̺ҶԶһʯܸߣϰɣʹԶҲܿüԶȥһ֣ӲϣҲ֪ʲôطǾͷ
ಣҶ峯ڷȥ
ոշɳȥûԶ·УȻһֻ׹Ĵָ֣ץ쳹졣
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167 
ݵĳԾ󣬵Ц⼸ΣǱϾǻԪֻҪǻԪͲΪ塣
뵽Цһ̧ץҶ壬׹۳ꪣҶ壬
һԪڸֵȫһҶҵתȼѪ󽣣һꪣϯ˷
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նϣ𶯣ꪺȻ׵硣ͬʱҶҲ֮úʮɣѪڡ
ʱҲ̧֣һӣˮӿꪣջɱײѩˣ
ѩ˺ײͬʱ֣һ˳һ˳ȭ춯صľնɱ˵Ҳˣ׵졣
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ʮƥǳ׺У˽˲׺и꣬ɽУƬľ˲仯촷ۡ
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ݵ𾪺󣬵Цһ˫ֽӡ׹һ󶦣ѹǰĺɫ䡣
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ʦڷӦǰЩɫ䣬Ӧǳʦ֮֡

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ĸȰūҪߣҶ忴ɽȣ
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ԥƬ̺װջǴ뿪ɾʱɽȳڴ˸ǧ룬Ȼŷˮˮкɽȳڴľ˲仯촷ۡ
һ̣Ľ֯˸ºзͬʱʧĵȻʧˣͨ˸ѣȻɽȳڴ
׵֮Ӧһ壬ҾԲͨ飡Ѿӡôܳطұ˷ӡˣװɫ䡣
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ʱĸ˴װߣЩ˾Ȼ̫׽̳ϵĻһ׽
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׽װԵĻ׷ɫ䡣
Ҳ֪һΪʲô֮Ǳץס˵װɫ
׽ͬʱ˵ͷ

װԵ˴ƽʱҶż֮طȥ
УҶ߷Уȡ׽ɵǬ
׽ɵǬвٺöƷҩв٣似Ҳкü֣ϧ̫׽̵ĵؽ似׽ɵǬС
ȻҶ׽ɵǬзһɫ
ʲôҶźɫ
ϰˣ鷳ʹˣĸҶ
˵ʲôҶɫ΢䡣
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Ҷɫһ䣬ûйĸĻôĶ֪
ûԥҶ忪ɵ֣Ѻɫɣɲ̫׽̵˶ϡ
ٵɲǣɽ׼ƽװɫ䣺˽ɵĻƣ


168 
ĸ磬ղ˵ʲô׽˿װԡ
ɱɵˣǰӦһֱŽɵǬǬнɵĻƣҲ׷ٵˣ˸ղžɽ档ɫһװԼ˵ǾڸղţɵĻƺȻˣ
׽˷׷ɫ䣬׽ɵĻˣҵɱ׽ɵˣͷǳãˡ
ɺԪһ𣬻᲻ᣬɵǬԪϣ׽ʵ
ܣɵǬԪϣǿ϶ᴫѶǡװ˵
ѵԪҲʲôΣղɣѶĻᶼûУ׽ɫ䡣
ڽɵĻѾˣѾҲ֡װ˵ץסһ˵
׽˵ͷ
װԵ˷ɽȡ
ȻԶһˣȻ̫׽̵峤
壬ôˣװԵͬʱת
ղϢһѾˣɵĵӣ󲿷ֶѾɫص˵
ʲô׽ɫ䡣
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װԵĻھ֪ͨɵ˹ץסɽеˣȥؾˡϾɵĵҲץˣܵǾˣҲ븶һЩ۲С
װԵ˵˵ͷ
ѶĴĳϣǹæֻץסɽеǾ˵ĻŴһЩΪǿɽеҪЮһ塣

֪ͨĴ֮˵ʱҶڸ֮ء
ˣǸɱ¾СӣУħˮɺҲСһ𣡡ȻҶ塣
ˮɣҶɫ΢䣬ͣǽ죬ָ˱ò
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Ҷ֪ѩ֮Բ·磬ѩ˱ħˮħˮɿѹҶ岻֣ħˮɺѩôͻȻ
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ѩתҶ壬Цò˶ãǾܽˣĽܴ󡣡
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Ҷע⵽ѩ·ʱÿľ붼һģƺκıϰߡ
ѩ˼뿪ʱһϢ嫡
Ҷѩ˼ͬʱˣ˾Ȼʯ幣
ղҸо˽֣Թƣû뵽ʯ广ҶѩˣȻһЦ
磬㲻̨ΪʲôҶü
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ݵ𾪺ʯ并Ҷѩ˵һˣѾ֣һ壬ǻҲԵõٺô
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ҶĿȥװԵǰȻһʬ壬Ȼǵ
ѾװԵնɱҶ΢΢˿֪ӵ¥֮ҼʵòڵѾˣͲõ̫׽̵˷ʵˡ
ҶĿĹˣȻûзֵȻѾˡĳҲûµʵҶԾ
ȻҶ忴ײײһһ𣬾ȻûɱҶԾ
ʱװԿʯ幵ˣ˵ҴѾȥˣھȥǻϣ
˵˵ͷĵӶУǵȻܾװԵ顣
ƿշ𣬳طɳ۶ȥ
Ҷڴ棬ħˮɣʵˮɣղôѩһ𣿡
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ѩˣҶ崫ʵ
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Ӧ֪㲢ûоȫҶһЦ
СӺܺսʹ֪ҵʵԶԶսҡħˮЦĽֱǿ˲٣ҪСģ
ڸ֣ʤмɣҶ崫ʵ
ʹ֣оųʤ㣬㲻֣ҲȼѪĻֻûĻһʤҲûСħˮ˵
ȼѪأҶʡ
ɣħˮ˵ɱ¾Ļ٣Ļû̫ƣʹʹȼѪҲֻʤ㣬ͻƵ¾ĻӦϵʤ㣡
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СӵĽܰԵӦһ׵ؽ似ûв´ӦиˣħˮȻ
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˲ʦҲûΪͽһֱڡҶ²⡣


169 Χ
ҶħˮɴʱѾִأ
Ҷ̧ͷǰֻзɳٸ飬Ϊ֮˾Ȼǵ͵
ٸ飬ÿ˶ѺһĵӣԪͲ˺ȻҲС
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вǣװЦ
ԲҵĻҰɱ֮ǧҪڣЦ
ԣʵ˷׷ɫ䣬ץߵĵӵУ콾汻ɱˣʵ϶Ʋӡ
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װתͷ˳˵˳ȥ
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װԺʯ幵˷׷׺ˣâ
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ȻһЦ˷ţװԵǰ׹磬һˣ
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Ȼǰߵһ̫ǸɸߵˣȻӦ̫׽̽ۡ
˼һɫӣȻ󣬱ֱʮɵľ޴ӣѹ̫
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ⳡɱ¾ʱעͣ
ҶѾ㹻飬ûмⳡɱ

һ⵽ɱʱԶиˣˣǲǰܻĹˡ
ұץסɵ콾Щ콾ףڣƻ޷ˡһȺҲǻá
ȻƻѾʧܣֻܽһƻˡ䣬һӣ˺Ȼһƿշߡ
ڹʧʱĵѾɱųɵ鶼Ѿնɱ
ҶٶתߣҪȥ֮ء
Ҷ뿪صʱ򣬲ԶװѾԪǶ֪׽ɱɱľ
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ʱײȻ˵ҼǸ˫ֵˣ
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ײĻװɫЦ˿϶ɱɵˣ
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ҲҲҪң϶أװЦ
壬˼пǻɵĵУȻŽءײ²
˵ûֻҪɽصĵӣ˵л鵽˵ݡװĿһ
ĸ磬˫ֵˣݿ϶򵥡׽Ȼѡ
ߣӣҲҪɱװߡ
ĸ˵ĶԣЩˣҲҪɱ׽ͬʱһЦٶԡ

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ȻҶüһʥͼɳʥͼоէ󣬿ˬͬʱɳ
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ҶһЦָ˿ˬˣţһ˳ż֮طȥ
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ոڼ̨ϣҶ͸о˶תͷȥʱʯᡣ
һȺūѣʹ̨ΣʯЦҶ˶õ飬ԼҲƴȫնɱ顣
ҶûʯᣬͿˬ̨һ£ȴŴʹ
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װԵ봫ʹ󣬽ţμ˴ʹȫͳء
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171 ս
صɽׯҶδϻط䣬˹ū
ūʯ幺͹ȱ¸Ҷ壬Ҷɫһ䡣
Ҷı飬ūϲ¶֮ɫûҶȻ֪ס˭
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Ԫͷʼ꣬Ҷ˸о֮࣬ǰƣʱһɨաڤ빦귨ƣУʵ׾١
ڤ빦оŶΣÿζɱһΣѾʼڤ빦֪ʲôʱܷɱ䡣ĸ
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ɴȵڶϾҪʼˡҶ߳˷䡣
뿪Ҷ͹ūٰɵİŮӣԼˬһ뿪˰ɽׯ

ɴȵڶٿĵص㣬սսųǶߣǸս
սԲΣ㳡һŹϯΧű㳡ֲˡսȫԿʯ죬׹ҫĿ
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δڶֵ߹һ˸Էαԣÿһ飬ֱ̭ʣµʮĸԣȻٴֻ̭¶ʮˡ
ĶʮУһγǩʼһֵ̭Ϊжʮˣһ˻ֿգֻжʮ˱ԡ󣬶ʮ˵лʣʮˣֿյˣһʮˡ
ʮ˼ԣ̭߸ˣ߸ֽгǩͬһ˻ֿա
ֿ֮˺˵еʤ߽һֱԣʱѾֻʣĸˣյʤ߽ĸ˵е
ֵܼһֵĸˣԿԳƵһĴ֡
ĸ˵ʤ֮ˣȻһһ֣֮


172 ΢
Ҷ͹ūսʱսѾɽ˺ɵѾ롣
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ٺ٣һ徳ص֮ѣȨΣ浽̨ϣ½ӲסүһУ˽Ц
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ܱȽĻūһЦȻҶ塣
ҶһЦ˵ʱԶִһЦڣĶֻǸ徳֮ѡ
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ԣǼɫһ䡣
Χ飬ʱв鱻ɱˣв˸ûж֣͵õ飬Ҳõ飬Բܽڶֵġһ²⡣
û˵̾˼顣һ긽͡
ԲһЦ˵ûɱҲѣҶֻ֮徳ضѣԲɱֻ顣
ٺ٣˾ȻҲҲμӵڶֱԣûȤһ꼥Ц
ٺ٣ûڵΪһоͿԽһЦ
ԣɫһ˾Ҷ壬Բ׼Ҷ壬ȻȵһоܽҶ磬ʲô
ڵ뿴ҶˣҶ֮ʱо¶м֮ɫ
ǿĽʱĿһǿūٰİŮʱǰһ
ݵľֿ֮˳ҶˣڱһЦղڸ˵𣿡
ڸһȺɵ˵Ц
ɵӣһ㶣漴ɫĹЦС֣Ȼӣ
ʲôʱˣĽһЦ
˵ںȻ˰֣Цһٶԡ
ڿҶˣ˵û´ĻǵУһӦýɵɣ
ΣҶһЦ
ڿҶ壬ĿէЦ˵Ȱһ䣬ҳִ飬㲻ĻòҪ̨
Ŷ˼˵ҪȨҶЦ
ûһЦҶ壬źˮڵתȥ
ߣĽͬʱߡ
ҶһЦûںڵĻ
ܣа𣿡ˬȻҶ壬ɫʵ
ģҲģҶһЦ
ҶĻˬ΢΢˿
ʱ˳ʯ˹
Ҷ͹ū˿˹ȥ˾Ȼ֮ˣΪ֮Ǵ
˿̵ĴѪʢȻͻƵӵСҵ֡һͻƵս侪ˣɱ鲢֡
ҲҶˣһ˵һΣһӮ
һ䣡ҶЦ
ϣڵټһЦҶ߹ʯǰ
Сӣ˵ͨڶ𣿡ĽȻʵ
ҪĶ˭ˣͨߣӦòĶ֡ҶЦ
ĽҶһۣûлشʲô
߰ɣԻһʱ䣬ȥϢϢһ¡ҶЦЦת˹㳡һǵϢңˬ˽


173 ս
صϢңҶϣȴű俪ʼ
ʱ俪ʼϢңҶͿˬ߳Ϣңֻ¹ū
뿪ϢҺҶͿˬ˷ֱֿ˵ʮ̨
ʮ̨ϣѾȴʱҶȻˣϲ¶˼֮ɫ
ʱҶһݣ̨
ǸĲǸˣ̧ͷҶڣ˵̨䣬̨ϵӮ׼ˣʱԿʼ
ڸû˵ĻЦЦĿҶ壬Ȼ˵㻹еʵᶯֵʱǧҪ̫졣
ģ˿϶ҡҶһЦ
ߣڼЦץҶ塣
ҶƣɵıܿڵĹ
СҲҲܸ
ĿһٿתʸҶ壬ָ繴ץҶĺѪ졣
ҶβûܣתѪһǽָ羢ڵģָѪ

ָײѪҫ֮ںҶͬʱ˼
Զϯϣ˿ھȻһūˣ׷ɫ䡣
ĸɵūȻӵвڵ˳Ծ
ڲûгȫȫĻǸū϶Ķ֡
ûˣڻбѩ˴ūܻͨū
۵ʱ̨ϣ̧ͷҶ壬ɫ΢䣺СҲжʮСˡ
ʮӦļޡҶҲڣһ
СӣҳСˣһǾ仰ҵĶ֣ҲҲûκӮϣ촽һϵǬâէһ˳ǹɳС
ǹ֣͵ĵŵأǹɱҶ壬һǹҶüģǹ֮Ѫ죬ǹâ
ҶĿէľһĽڵǹҪ죬ڵĺ
ɫһ䣬æˣնյıܿľĹ
ϯϵĿٴαˣɫٱ䡣
ʱҶʤ׷һѪɫӰɱǰһݺ˷ʮ߽һ
Цճǹ̳ȥľĽϡһǷɽҶ˰벽˺סΡ
һĻˮڵĵǷ׷ɫ䣬Ҳû뵽ھȻᱻһūΡ
ʱ̨ϣѾסΣ̧ͷҶ壬Цһȫһɫıѩǫ̈̄ϵ¶Ȼ½ת˲֮䣬̨ǡ
ѾñѩˣūڵĶ֡ϯ˵
ûūҲڵĶ֡˸͡
̨ϣЦʮ֮ڣذɣ
δ䣬ٴμǹҶ壬ٶ֮࣬ѩƮ衣
ۿɱҶʩչӰٲһܿڵĹӵڱһն£ݺᣬ꣬ǵصڡ
˽׾Žڶ֮
Ŀһתһǹ˳ȥĳǹѾѩǣһǹѩǹâ죬ϯ˷
䡭
ͱѩǹâײ쳹죬̨Ϊ֮ʯ֮䣬Ͱѽᣬı
ҶĹڼҶ壬ٴͦǹ̳ǹһҶĺȥǹ֮ǱѩҶ˲䱻ѩ֡
ΪҶᱻѩʱҶӰȻӱѩеɶһ˵̨һǡ
ūѧ似˽Ʒٶôô죿ϯ˲²
ǰôû˵ū֣ȥһ飬˵˭˺Ȼ˵Ҷ塣
¡
ʱ̨ϴϯϵ˷׷׿ȥֻںҶٴν֣ľͳǹײأ˲䣬Ҷľͱѩᡣ
˵ֻҪûоͲҵĶ֣
һЦٴͦǹҶ壬ǹ⵹˷籩Хֹ
ҶȻεض𣬷ҡֱϣܿڵĹͬʱ͵׹һͷ­죬ǧϼ⣬ҫ֮
˷׷ɫ䡣
ۿҶľնڣںȻ̧ǹһǹľ
䣡
ľͳǹײغ˷̨ڲҡҡ׹
Ҷ屻֮÷ڶͬʱڵŵŵź˼̨˼Ľӡ
ϯϣ˵Ѿͷųѩٶȶ˲٣һܲٿرѩս˺ֹɾȻ޷Ҷ壬᲻
ʱҶڣһ£ݺᣬһУѹڣ˽׾Žһ֮
ڼæˣͬʱһǹ˽Уһǹ쳹ʮأ
ǹڽϣһתڵĳǹУһɾ˵֮קųǹʱǹַɳнʳɵ÷顣
ţ֮ݺ˷
˷׷ɫ䡣
ʱҶὣһһʮɳĽնɱڣиıڶ
ڼˣֵ̧һʱ磬۳ɱѩƿն
ײǧٵϼ⣬ϯ˷ҫ֮
һĻϯɫ΢䣺ˮ˽Ʒ似ָ
Ҫȫˣ˵
ߣһūѣôʦֵĶ֣ˮڵĵЦ
¡
̨ٴδĿȥֻһ㣬磬ѩնɱҶ塣
ҶӰȰһܿ˱ѩѩն̨ϣ̨Ϊ֮һ
ߣҿܶ㿪Σ
ЦָʮѩͬʱƿննɱҶ塣
ԶԶȥ̨Ͻݺᣬѩ졣
ҶӰٲݻ£һȣಲʯ֮䣬ͱܿ˱ѩĳǰ
ϯϣ˶ʱ𾪣Ҷ֮죬ʵ˷˼
֮ʣҶһڵĺ
֣һзɳɱҶȥ
ҶֻܷڣӽıСбж˷ĩ


174 촫˵
ڵĹҶȰڣһ꣬ǵصڡ
Цһȭɱѩ죬ѩȭӡĽ
䡭
նɱڱѩȭӡϣ쳹˷
ʹȭǺˮڵ˽Ʒ似ѩȭ侪ˡ꣬ˮԴ似ɱֻԪޡ
һȭӭնɱĽںȻɱҶǰһȭɱѩȭӡɽѹҶ壬¡¡ƿ쳹
ҶĿһƼɣأһӵ࣬һڵͷ­
Ӯң㻹ʸ񣡡Цתһָѩľ
һҶһ˱ѩ
ʱںȻһϵǬâէ󣬾ŸƴС̺ȻǰΧƳһȦתâ硣
ϯϣɫһ䣬ھȻ˱
ͬʱϢڣūھȻ˱Ҳ΢΢һ䡣
Ҷ忴ǰıɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
ǱֻǰƷƷԶԶȲϱħˮɺȻҶ塣
ƷҶĿһ
СӣٿΣذɣ
촽ץסһ̣Ѫ̱ӿ֣ʯ֮䣬̾ͻһͷޣ޿Ҷ˻ţë롣
ţְѪע˸̣˸̱ͬʱӿֳģֻ˰ֻһģһޡֻްҶΧס׺Ϣ˷
ٺ٣ʦܾȻѾħ̶óˡĳϢڣЦ
ʦ֣ʦħ̶óˣӦѾڲ֮ءһˮڵĵЦ
ûħȻƷҲǿһ֮Ӧġ
֮ܰʦֱƵһˣҲԺˡ
ʵʦֵñѩӦֻܻ֮Ҫ˷Щʱѡ
ٺ٣þħ̾սʣ²Ϊı׼ʦֿ¾İɡ
˵û
ˮڵĵ۷׷ס
ͬʱһϢڣ̫׽̵ҲڹעҶڵս
һֶ֮ѣȻƷóˣǶɵ׽뼥Ц
룬Ǹ֮ٶȺܿ죬֮ôͼħ̣Ϊɵٶȣѵ㿴𣿡׽ԪһЦ
̫׽ӵеؽ似ٶٿ죬Ҳܿǡ׽ȻһЦ
Ҫģ˵Ҫ͹κһ֣ԿĿ϶Լ׽ԪЦ
ٺ٣һ֮ѣα̫οϾҪˣܽһ֡׽ЦѾħ̣ûκλʤϣ
Σ׽ԪҲ˵ˣҲҶӮĻᡣ
ʱһϢڣ¼ʯ幣ʵүƷˣҶӦòµİɣ
ûжû˵𣿡ʯһЦ
ѵ𣿡¼ü
Ҳڻû뱣ʵһ֡ʯЦЦ
ԣ¼΢䡣
ͬʱūϢңūһװƷѣӦòΪǡ

۷׷׵ʱ̨ϣЦϣ˺
𡭡ֻɱҶ壬֮ǣ
ҶԭزĪµܶУǸʮʯΧܰնɱڣẦֻޣ
ۿֻɱҶѽ뱳ʣʩչӰٲھֻ֮䡣
ĿȥҶӰȻʮ棬ƻ÷ǻá
ֻ¼ȼҶʩչңơ˲֪Ҷ˿ʹһ׸Ʒ
ңơؾ磬֮ʮˣҶ˿Ȼһ㣬ѾԶԣƷ侪ˡ
Ҷһֻޣ޵ɶ̨֮⡣
ԶԶȥѾǾֻްҶΧʮҶѾֻްΧ
һ춯صײһֱֻҶɡ
˿һĻ׷ɫ䣬ڵɫҲһ䡣
ЦһڳҶ;ֻ޽ֵʱ򣬺ȻһȭɱҶ壬ѩ죬ȭӡɱһҶ塱
ΪҶ弴ѩȭӡеʱ򣬡Ҷ塱ʧ֪ڹġҶ塱ֻǸӰѡ
ߣߣһӣзɳɱһҶ塱
һ̣ɫٱ䣬ڹġҶ塱ͬǸٵģǸӰ
ȫˣӶںȻͺȡ
ԣΧҶľֻ޷׷׺ˣҶΧ̨롣ţֻſһ磬ƺƵϯҶȥ֮Ȼʴ졣
ɫ䣬˵ħ̡ĺ޶ǵƶɣ綾ޱȣ׶ɱߡ
ΪҶɵʱҶȻ𣬷߿գͼܿɾֻȻ׷ŹҶ壬̧ͷٴſŵҶ塣
ۿҶѾ޷ܿ𾪵·ˣҶȻ嶯˶
˷׷׺Ȼѵɣ
˺Ȼ֮ʣҶѾ붾֮УʧӰ١
һ̣һӰӶг˳ǰһȭɱڣ
ɫ䣬æˣͬʱȭӭȥ
䣡
ȭཻƺһĺˡ
֮˵ȻҶ壬ҶȻû˷׷׺Ȼ㤲ѡ
ʱҶľǵĳɱڣһɨʮأݻѪɫ𶯰˷
УѪɫѾײڵ֮ϡ
һ춯صײص˶ߣڵɶ̨֮⣬Ŵıѩ
뿴̨ڣɫ׷һ䣬ھȻˡ
ھȻˡˮڳڵϢңڵĸɫһ䣬֮ɫ
ֹˮڵĳҲֱ顣
ʵֹǺˮڵˣ̺̫׽̵Ҳ
ûо֮񣬸ܻӵߵֵ콾Ҷˣһ˵
֮ʣǾֻ޺ȻỴ̈ŻŵâڵǬС
Ҷ忴ڵǬапϧûױڿǲˡ



175 ү
˵Ŀ£Ҷ̨
Ҷ̨ʱ򣬺ˮڵĵУ˾СΪʲô¾ħĶ
ûͨҲҪƤСӾȻû£⵽ô£кˮڵĵǶɲѡ
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׽Ҳǳ⣬ǲףҶΪʲô޾Ķ
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ֱǱ취ѱŪ֡׽Ŀһ
òҪɴڼ䶯֡׽Ԫѡ
ģзִ硣׽һЦ
ͬʱʯҲ֣ҶûжãΪʲôܵס
¼Ҳ֣ʯ幣üʵүղŵ׷ʲô£
Ҳֻ֪ȷʵ¶ղûʹκηֶΡʯ˵
⡭ôܣ¼ܳԾ
һǺ˽ܡʯһЦҲ֪Щʲô
ʯ幵˾֮ʣҶܺˮ콾Ѿ㳡
ڵ֮˺ˮڵ콾ڣ˶ˣ÷ǳ˼顣
ǰ˴ӳֻڣ˲֣Ҷʵûʲô˲Żò˼顣
˶֪ںҶֽᴫųǣҶӮһ󣬽ϣΪӡ
֮࣬˴Ҷڵľ֪Ҷ޾ڵͷųĶ˾ɲѣֵܵסħͷųĶ֮Բͨˣ
ڳˣֻйū֪ҶΪʲô¶ūһ룺ҶںӦñҶڵ֮ˡ
˵ûҶ֮Ӷľڵ֮Ȼ£Ȼ֮ˣҪ֮ҶҲûô׻ڡ
˲׷׵ʱҶѾϵ˿ˬı̨
Ҷϵʱ򣬳ĽѾ̨¹ս
Ҷ֪ûвμӱ䣬ȨˣĽѾĶ֣Լһˮڵ콾ϡ
츳ʵǺܺãԶԶĽˣټͻƵʱ䲻Ҷӵкˮ֣Ż
ĽĶ̵ĵӣӲû֣ˣĽҲʤ
¡
̨ϺȻҶ뿴ȥֻˬĶӲһȭ˶˼
ˬĶ֮ò֮࣬ǿȫѹס˿ˬ似Ҳȿˬ
Ѿսãɻûзֳʤ˶ѾǱˡ
ȻˬŲʹӰٲӵ˿һǹ˿󺺵ĺԣǹѪҫ֮
Цٿתսݺ˷
䣡
ǹսײ𻨳죬
ƺһ˺˰벽ˬͺȣǵĳɱ˿󺺣ǹ籩󺺵ź沿Ѫ죬ǹ䣬˲ѿ󺺸

󺺷񵲣Ӱݺᣬݻ㵶ۻҡ
Ȼ󺺰εضһ硣
ˬ̧ͷſ󺺣Ҳŵɱ˸߿С
䡭
һ˳һ˳ǹɱ̨ϿմѪĻϴ̨ϡ
ԶԶȥֻƼɫӰڰд󣬸˷Ӱ
磬ӦûӮɣҶ壬ĭ
ʮʱ䣬ܻ֣ܶҶһЦ
ţܴ϶ӮԲʮĽ˺ߡ
ʮϾҪˣҶһЦȻ̧ͷ̨
ߣĽһҲ̧ͷ˹ȥ
䣡һɫӰ׹̨ϣ̨Ϊ֮һ
ĽĿȥ̨ϵ˾ȻǸ󺺣
ವһһɫӰ˿ߣǿˬ
һĻĽȻҶ壬ʱҶ峯һЦӣ˵ûɣ
ߣɺ϶ѣʲô˵ģĽܲĺһ
ҶЦҡҡͷ
ʱˬѾ̨ϢЩң̫Ѫ
ˬסڷڵѪɫ΢ÿһЩ
ȻԶ̨ϴһҶͿˬ뿴ȥֻһ̨ϵɶ£ˤڵء
ɳ̨̫׽̵ˣһأͻ˹ȥҲûѹ
Ҷ˳̨Ͽȥ̨ϵ˰ѩȻѩˣ
ʱԶϯʧ˭Ȼֻ߽ͻ̫׽̵콾׽
׽¾ߣˡȻֻ߽ʹ׽˵
߽¾ߣ¾߻ӵ֣Ǽ׵¡
ڳ˷׷𾪣ѩɵĺ䶯Ҷɵĺ䶯
ʱ̨ϵѩ˿Ҷһۣת̨
Ķ֣һ϶ӽ쿪ʼĶ֣ĻĽӦûһЩħˮɺȻҶ塣
ҶĿһħˮ֣ȷʵһ¡
ȻˬЦҶУܣ߰ɣ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷſʼڶ䣬ǿԻذɽׯϢһ졣
һ˳Ϣȥ͹ūϺһ뿪˱㳡˰ɽׯ
ܿ죬Ҷ˻ص˰ɽׯһصɽׯһ͵סҶ˵ȥ·ҶˣЦ˭Ҷ壿
ҾǣҶĿһ
Ҷʦܣү룡һЦڳһơ
ʯҶһתͷ˹ū
ūһ˵ȥʯ˵Ҷ岻ȥԼ
Ǻˣү˭»ֲЦ
ٲߵĻڵġūĮ
ڣЦƾҲҺڣ
δ䣬Ȼ֣һ˹ūٶȿķ˼
һҶľһĺ磬ɱˡ
ͫһˣǻǳˣҶľĺѪɽ
ҶѾѽ˱С
ûĺ˼Լĺµ
ҶȵȥʯµĻԼң
ĭæתߡ
ҶһĽ˶һҶĽ֮죬ʵǴ۽硣
ܣǻᣬԸʯеǻᣬҪ嶯ˬҶ塣
ģҲԼЦģҶһЦ
ˬɵ˵ͷ
ţ˷ֿԷ˷䣬ūҶ壬Ҷ


176 սħˮ
Ҷ͹ūϡ
ûв´Ļʯ֮Ի㣬϶Ϊҽ㡣ū˵
ɱҡȻɱҵĻǲԼ֣ҶһЦ
ҶȻЦūҲ֪ǸЦǸ
ģĸӦңؼʱңƾʯҪҵҶЦ
ҵĵĲʯҽ㡭ū˵
㵣ٰ㣿ҶĿһ
ū˵ͷ
Ժҵʱ㲻ҪԭӣĻļٰ㣬ҾͿԿˡҶ
ⲻ΢٣ūЦ㣬Ȼȥˡ
˵꣬ū뿪Ҷ
ҶѹūߣصüͷųͷݻڷڲһŹ󡣲úûҶüһʥͼɳ
ವһҶʥͼ
ʥͼڣҶһУľһɳ
һѹƵԲȫ㽻֣ɱָһ顣ħˮɵЦľд
㾡ܾȫˡҶһЦƷƴСġ󽣡Ȼ֣Сȴһּصĸо
ҶѪעУ˲ջ߳ľ޽
ͬʱľҲͷųҩҩʮƬīɫҶӣ趯硣
ʮƬҶӣÿƬʮɣһƬҶնɱҶ壬ɨ˷
ҶʩչӰٲߺʮɣܿҶӵնɱһѾҩסľһʮɳĽնɱƿ쳹
ȻһƬҶ˴󽣶ȥһն֮ƺն޾񷣬ƺնãء
䣡
󽣺Ҷײ˷
Ҷֱһ飬˲ĺʮ̧ͷľûĺȵ㲻˵ѾѹƵԲ𣿡
ʮȷʵߵļޣҲû˵
ħˮһЦٿҶӹҶ壬ʮƬҶӺҶ壬ʮ֧ʸٶȴﵽߵļ¡
Ҷ弱æˣͬʱһݺᣬ콣꣬ǵصʮƬҶӡ
нûãħˮһЦٿҶӣҶŤڽУܿ˽Ĺ
ʯ֮䣬ʮƬҶӾͱܿ˽꣬䵽Ҷǰ
Ҷˣһתʮ֮⣬նյıܿʮƬҶӵĹ
̫ˡҶովȣħˮɵЦѾĶУͬʱһƬҶɱҶ֮ǰ
ҶĿһͷų˻ʱವһҶƼɣٴαܿħˮɵĹл壬Ҷٶȶ˲١
ոձܿħˮɵĹҶתͷŻڴϣȻһħˮɵҶӣ

ҶϣҶӵ飬촷ۡ
ʱƬҶӴӾŸͬķɱҶ壬Ҷ罣ޱȡ
Ҷһɨɨ˷Ϣľһն£ƬҶȫ飬촷ۡ
ȻûҶɿʮƬҶնɱжŻ
ҶӰٲݻ£Ȱ㴩ҶУ󽣣ʮƬҶӲɱ
ħˮɵÿƬҶӣһھıҶ൱һԲУҲ˵൱ʮΧҶ壬ҶȻл壬Ҳг
ʱҶѾʮལл壬Ѿˡ
ֹ˰ʱҶѾƵʹȼѪſܵסħˮɵĹɱ
ħˮɸûͣĴ㣬ϹҶ壬ԽԽ
ڣҶһλħˮɵĹħˮûмЦ͵Ϊֹˣμһ䣬Ǽ
Ҷһ˵ϣðſɵ֣ʼָѪ
ʱħˮɺȻЦĽѾ죬սҲܷḻҪֻܲѹեǱ֮ô㣬ҲΪá
ҶһЦȻ֪ħˮɵĺ⣬ħˮɵĿĺĪӵ׵һģǶΪѹեҶ壬̶Ҷ岻ͻƼޡ
ˣԼˣҾͲˡħˮһЦľһҶ屳Ľʡ
Ҷȡʼɡ
ʱҶʧѪڻָüĺȻͷųͷģݻһһͷӿ֡
¡
Ԫ𶯣ӿͷꡣ
ħˮɽ֮Ҳ˲٣ʱڤ빦ʱɲװ˷ֻᡣ

Ҷڤ빦ʱ򣬰ɽׯĳ䷿ڣʯɫĿűҶ˵ʵ˵
ǣү
ΪʲôŻʯЦ
ү´ξҲɶү񣡡֣̿æġ
ߣ֮벻ʲôãʯЦָһһüģر
ʯҲûһۣЦСӣΪĸҾͲҶҪĵܳҲȲ㣡
Ȼ⴫һЦиϢҪ㣬벻
֪ʲôϢȻﶼˣʯһЦһӣŴ򿪣һŮӵ˷䣬Ůǹȡ
ЦӯӯĿʯЦ˵Ǹ÷ûʹ˺ˮڵ콾츳˵ãѹûῴ
ʯɫû˵
ҸҸģʯ幵ƢڶֶԸĺͽܣ϶㷭οˣȽֶŮЦ
ߣʯЦɱǣα̫׽̵ĵ̶֣ŮûнʯңԶʯҵˣ
ԤףɹһԳһЦ

ʱҶͨڤ빦Ѿָұ֮ǰǿ˲١
Ļһһ⣬ͷҶüġҶһһʧ˴С
һ̣Ҷƾճ
ʥͼҶ߳䣬ո߳䣬Ϳ˹ū仯ɵİŮӡ
ţҶ͹ūˬ˻ϣȻ뿪˰ɽׯ
ûãǵִ㳡һҶߵʯԱߣ鿴ǸԵĶ˭
׽룡ҶĿһ
ˬ˵ɫҲˣҶĶ־Ȼ̫׽콾׽룡
Ҷ׽ֵҶ岻׽Ķֹ֡ˬҲܵҶ壬Ͼ׽̫׽̵콾ӵе֡


177 ս׽룡
ҶʯϿ׽ʱԶ׽Ҳ˶ֵ֣ԼĶҶʱ촽Ц
룬СӱϾڣǧҪġ׽Ԫѡ
ģһᾡȫκλġ׽һЦ
׽ֵ˵ʱҶͿˬѾϢҡ
Ѿ˵ڶҶ֮⣬˶ǳţϾˬ˵Ķֶǿȫӵߵ֣ɵ콾
ĸ᲻󷨣ĻһæҶȻʥͼеĹĸδ̫󷨡޷á̫󷨡Ϊˬĸ
ȻᣬҽĻ븶һЩ۲СĸЦŴ
ʲôۣҶ崫ʵ
ϴѾǷһ飬ΡҲǷ飬̫һƤëҡĸЦŴ
УһҶ崫
ǺðɣǸ˸ġ̫󷨡ԲܸġĸЦŴ
ãҶӦ˹ĸҪ
ٺ٣ҰʲôĸЦ
򣡡Ҷ崫ʦ԰СУɸָڣ޷̫ӵ
öѣ˵׾٣ԼҪûв´֮ҪӦΪǼѰɣĸһЦ쿪ʼˣ㻹ǸϿץʱɡҶ崫
ٺ٣ģ俪ʼ֮ǰҿ϶򽻸ġĸһЦ
ҶԲٶԣĿϵȴű俪ʼ
ûãĸȻҶУѾˡ
ҶüһʥͼɳϢңˬ͹ū뿴ʥͼ
ʥͼзɳöҶץסЦŶԿˬ˵磬ǷֻҪϣؼʱܱǡ
ˬ˽ӹ
ˡ
ʱϢ⴫˱俪ʼ
Ҷ嵱߳Ϣңˬ˽Ϣֻʣ˹ūͳμӱˣڼǲܽ㳡ġ
߳ϢҺҶ˷ֿҶ徶ֱ˰˺̨
̨ϣ׽ѾڵҶ壬Ҷ壬ЦһΪ㲻ˡ
ǻʧˡҶһЦһݣ̨
Ѿμӹ䣬ͲϷ˵ˣǶ׼ˣʱԿʼϯϵ̧ͷҶ˵
ߵĻ䣬׽Ц˴㣬Ѿ
Ҵû˵ûоҶҲЦˡ
Ҳڽ֣Ҳûʹõ֣ǲȱȿ˭ȱƶԷʹߵ֣㿴Σ׽Ц
ԸĻҵȻûҶЦ
˵СԶϯϵ˸û˵ʲôǻˣֻвϯϵߡ
˼飬˾Ȼڽֵʱ򣬾Ȼûʹһ
֮ʣ׽ȻŵضɱҶǰָ繴ץץҶš
ҶûкˣתѪһǽָ羢׽룬ָѪҫ֮
䣡
˶Ѫ죬ͬʱ̨
Զϯϵ˷׷ɫ䣬̫׽̵ĵǸ𾪣˲֪׽ǳȴ׽Ѿǰ벽¾˵ò˶ãп¾ߡ
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׽ʮԲͨģӦѾǰ벽¾ħˮɺȻҶ塣
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ֵĻ͸ұȱ㲻ҵĻԶ㿪
ʱ׽ЦһȭɱҶؿڣȭͷѪɫʯ
Цܴ󣬼˶ˡ
кβңҶһЦתѪ벽һǱȭɱѪ죬̨
䣡
ȭײѪ꣬쭰˷ٴκ˼
Ŀȥ˾Ȼ߲Ҳ˵˾Ȼƽˣ
˵˾Ȼ£ʵս˳Ծ
ʱҶ׽ͬʱסΣոסΣͬʱɱ˶Էٴγȭȭǣ˷˼
䣡䣡
˵ȭͷײѪѪ𣬻ϯ˷˲û
սֻ춯صȭͷײͬʱ̨¡Ҳ㳡
̫׽̵ӵ֣ͨǿӲӲĻ󲿷˶Կû뵽ڵ֮Ȼܺ׽ƽ֣֮ǿʵھˡ̵ĳ𾪡
ڰܸˣܵòԩӦѾǰ벽¾ˮڵĳҲܳԾ
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Ϊʲô֣̫׽̵ĳǺܲ⡣
벻뿿֮ܶԷȥɣǸ֮츳ǺܾˣɾԲǽĶ֡峤˵
ٺ٣˵ûһ֮ѣôǽĶ֣һ̫׽̳Ц
ΪˣΪûо𣿡ĳװԺȻڡ
̫׽ڳɫһ䣬ûΪˣûо
ѾΣ֣ͨκβ˽롣
ûοϻбҾͲһܷ֮ʲôһ̫׽̳ϵ㡣
̫׽̳ϲ²ҶǷʱʯҲڹעҶ塣
̫׽̵һУ׽츳ǰҶϵӮҪһЩ򡣡ʯ
ү˼˵ҶӮ¼ʯ幡
ˣѻ׽룬ҶϵܻʤĻ˴Ӯ׽Ļᣬ߳ɡʯһЦϳš
Ϊʲô¼⡣
ΪҶϵܵ޾׵֮ʯһЦ
¼΢䣬Цү͸
¼˵͸ʱ򣬾ź̨ϴһ¡죬Ҷ׽˫ȭٴײٴκˣ˭Ҳûռˡ
Ŀ̨ɫһ䣬˿̨ϾµĽӡ
ʱ׽Ȼ촽Ҷ壬Ц˵̫׽̵ġ䡷ֻ߲ɵһ䣬ǧɵڶ䣬ɵ䣬Ѿ˵䣬ұɣ


178 
䡭׽ĻҶɫ΢䡣
ʱ׽ϢǣȫѪʢ֮ȻѾʹˡ䡱
׽뻯һѪɫӰɱҶǰһȭɱҶ壬ѪȭӡȻѹҶ塣
Ҷʹ󾢡أ벽һǱȭӭȥ
䣡
ȭײ춯أѪ쭣Ҷĺ׽̩ɽûк˰벽
ɫ䣬֮Ȼ׽Ķ֣Ͼ̫׽̵似طһ̫֮ܺ׽̵콾⣿
ٺ٣ʹɣԲҵĶ֣׽һЦƽҶ壬ûгû֡
ҶĿһתȼѪʱѪ졣ȼյѪԽ࣬ȼѪԽǿҶֻȼһСѪѾѹ׽룡
һĻ˷׷ɫ䣬ϢҶȻѾԽ׽롣
׽뿴Ҷı仯ҲǴһû뵽ҶȻҲط
׽Ծ֮ʣҶȻŵس׽룬һȭɱ
ߣҲҵġ䡷һ֮񣡡׽ߣ˷һȭӭȥ
䣡
ȭײαɳȥ׽룬׽˺ʮסΣֱ۷顣
˷׷ɫ䣬̫׽̵ġ䡷ȻȲһ֮ʹطʵ𾪣ѵ֮طȡ䡷Ҫ뵽и𾪡
֮࣬¶̰֮ɫҶٲȻѾһġ
ʱ̨ϣ׽סΣ̧ͷҶ壬ɫȻһϵǬǬâէһ˳ꪺȻУ׹
̫׽̵Ʒսꪣ
˷׷ɫ䣬׽Ȼ˱ǻʵƷǰƷ
ٺ٣Ҳõ֣Ҳذɣ׽ЦսꪣɱҶ壬һꪻ׹սꪶʱơ
ҶˣӰٲݻ˼£һ˵ʮ֮⡣
̫׽óľٶȣұٶȣøң
׽촽һҲ֪̤ʲôʯ֮ɱҶǰһꪻҶšսϵľɱҶ壬ԶԶȥҶ˶׹֡
ҶľһݺᣬһУ
䣡
ײڽϣ׹⣬ҫ֮
׹ոɢȥҶȳɱ׽룬ٴμľ׽ĺ֮죬ҫ۵Ľۻҡ
׽սꪣӭŽ˳ȥս֮ζ׹硣
䡭
սꪺľײ춯أԶԶȥ̨ϳŽҶ׽ӰѾʧڽ֮С
ôܣһľѣȻܵסսꪣ
ܵסƷѵ˵ľҲǱ˾ɡ
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شǡʱһ쳹㳡
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һΣ˵ͬ׽룬׽ʮסΣɫĿҶ塣Ϊս֣϶ܻҶ壬޷ǣȻ޷Ҷ塣
ȻҶὣƿնɱ׽룬Ľնɱ쳹졣
׽һ֮񣡡׽Цڿ֣ȫ׹ͻȻθߣߵˡ
ۿնɱ׽սꪣһâƿն
䣡
âͽײ춯أ̨Ϊ֮𶯡
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ʯ֮䣬׽ɱҶǰսҶüģս֮׹硣
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ţ׽̧һָ׹죬۳ʮɳָӡգҶš
ԶԶȥ׵ָӡ֮Ȼִ׵磬̨ϣ̨𶯲ֹ
׽ָ
Զϯһ
׽ָ̫׽̵˽Ʒ似Եޱȣ˵̫׽̵ĳһкɱٻԪޡ
ʱʮɳָӡת˲֮ʹҶǰֱ۰ִ׵ɱҶ壡
ҶһݺᣬУ׵ָӡ
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Ȼ׽ٴγ̧֣һץ׹һֻʮɳ׵֣գҶ壡
ӡϯϳ׽ʩչ似
ӡҲ̫׽̵˽Ʒ似侪ˣ£ɽ
ۿӡյץ˹ҶһȭѪ죬һ޴ޱȵѪɫȭͷɱ˴ӡ
ⲢǡȭʽɱУҲ侪ˣ˽Ʒ似
䣡ѪɫȭͷڴӡϣغһȦĄ̇¡¡𶯲ֹ
Ҷ׽뼸ͬʱˣܿӭˣǵ·Ҳ졣
˷׷ɫ䣬ԽԽ𾪣룬ڵ֮϶õڵ洫򲻿ܻô˵似
֮ʣ̨ϣ׽Цϵ׵֮ӿս֮УʱսϾ׵磬žֱ첻ͣ
սɢļµϢ
һ¾߶˵Ҳܽס
׽촽һҶ壬ʱ׹շɳʸҶȥ
ʯ֮䣬ɱҶǰͷų׵磬˲סҶ壬Ҷûü㡣
𾪣ѵ׽ҪӮ


179 
ΪҶذɵʱ𾪵һĻˣҶƤºȻɢһɫ壬˶

Զϯϵ˷׷ɫ䣬ԭѾֻԸʹöѡ
ͷųҶְѻľϣһݺᣬһѪɫɱ
䡭
̺Ż֮Ѫɫײת˲֮䣬̱׵硣
֮ȻԵ֮Ȼ޷֮⡣
Ҷ׽Ĺɵ˷׷ɫ䣬úܲ˼顣
׽𾪣Ҳû뵽Ҷ˰ԵȻֵ֮ܵ
׽֮ʣҶȻɱ׽ǰһ£ݺ˷ļ¡
׽ˣսꪣӭŽ湥˳ȥ
һ׽еսꪾ𶯣ֲķ֮׽˼Ѫڡ
Ҷû׽סεĻᣬٴʹ˽׾Ž֮ݺᣬѪɫײ׽š
׽Цֽӡһ׵ӡǷɳѪɫͷϡţ׽εض𣬻һ׹ת˲֮ͳڰɸ߿֮ϡ
ԭ׽Ѫɫɳ̨ϯȥϯϵ˴ʧɫ㳡һǵżڣһѪɫѪɫ󽣹⡣
ϯ˷׷˿
ʱ̨ϣҶ̧ͷһֻ׽ָһ㣬׹ָӡ̨Ҷ壡ָӡδֲѹѾ̨
ҶٽһָӡڿնȥҪ񷡣
䣡
նָӡûмնɱ˸߿е׽룬ԶԶȥͺһɫڿն
׽뿴նɱͫһæƣնյıܿ˽߿գܿʧ˵С
ʱҶҲڿն𣬷ҡֱϣһɱ׽룡ľϣʹľÿһŻ֮У֪˶١
ۿҶɱ׽սꪣɱҶ塣
䡭
ʱҶ׽ڰвɱɱذԶԶȥֻܿһѪɫڸ߿УѾ޷Ҷ˵Ӱ
Ļ㴹䣬׹籩꣬Ҳ£˿Ŀѣۡ
㳡ʵĿ¾Ҷ׽һս˵Ŀⶼ˹ѾμˣҲԼͬĿź̨
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ⲻʦܵǸ֮û뵽ȻѾˮ콾׽üһ
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ײ뿪㳡ʱ򣬾ź̨ϿգѪɫ;ٴײâϯ˷
׽Цȫ׵֮Ȼӿģ񱩵Ϣʱ˷
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ɱ
˷׷ɫ䣬׽Ȼʹ̫׽̵ĵؽ似ɱɱˣ˵ɿ˲ųǣҪ̸ףʹǻԪҲδɡ
׽ֻ۳Ѿ츳˵ãԪĻ˵۳˿򣬵ʱ似ĿԻһųˡ
ʹֻҲԲС
Ȼ׽ǵĳɱҶ壬̧һ˦תײҶȥ
ž
֮׵硣
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ʱҶȻתڵİ˸Ѫʩչȭɱ֮һıѪ죬һɫľӰȻӰɢŨĻ֮
ҶһȭҶһȭҲһȭ
䣡
ھ˵ȭͷϣȻըǧٵҫ۵׹⡣
ըֲǲನǱһȭ俪ţһȭɱ׽룬¡¡ƿ쳹ʯѹն
׽뺧Ȼæսꪸ񵲡

׽뱻һȭ䣬̨ĵ棬浱ȥ
˷׷ɫ䣬̫׽̵콾׽Ȼһǫ̃̄ʵ̫˷˼ˡ
ݵʧ뿴Ҷ壬ҶѾ̨ϣǸɫľӰҲѾʧ
ղõʲôȭоɲѣѹɱ似ѵҲǵؽ似ɣ
뵽ĭҶĿҪ֪ҶڵˣѾ㵱°Ҷ壬ʵؽ似
ʵ𾪵ĲֹЩˣ̫׽̵ĳҲ𾪡
ھû似֮似˭̵ģװĿһ
˭̵ģǶ취õ׽촽
ڵ˿϶ǵõСӵ似СӣڣȻ̫׽̣һ̫׽̲õ˵ؽ似ܵõһ콾
˵ĲСӾѵҲʲôֿܸǼַǳ֮һ̫׽̣ȷʵǼ£װһЦ
΢٣װɫ֮⣬ǽѩ˵ҲҪ£Բڡ
ĸ˵ûг϶Цŵ˵ͷ
̫׽̸̳ʱ׽Ѿ̫׽̵̧ߣҶҲ̨ѾͿˬ˻ϡ
ˬ桢Ľ˶ˣǵĶ̫ǿȫӵ͵ֵˡ
ã˵Ķֶûº֣Ƕûϡӡ򡱡
´ɴȵʱһĽҧǳʡ
ˬû˵꣬Ҷ忴óˬҲܲġ
磬δػǡҶԿˬ˵
ܣλȥһᾡȫѧ뾲ģˬĿһ
Ȼһϵ㳡ɴֻʣ¶ʮˣϷ֮ˣһ̨


180 ǩ
ײĪ̫׽̳Ͽʼʮ߸˵֡
ûã̫׽̳Ҷ壡
Լ֣Ҷ峯һ̨ȥҶִһ̨ʱײѩˡʯ졢ס׽Ԫɵ콾Ѿ̨ϡ
Ҷ̨ϣ̨һľ䣬̫׽峤վľԱߣҶˣЦǩдŶʮ֣鵽һǩˣǳ鵽ʮǩˣԴơ֮⣬һ֧հǩ鵽֧ǩˣòμӱ䣬ֱӹء
΢٣ײЦʼǩɡ
ײľ䣬һ֧ǩĿȥʱʮ֡
ʱ콾֮ĪҲľ䣬ʼǩ׵˸ɵ콾֮ס
ܿ죬ʯѩ˵ҲǩҶ֮⣬˶Ѿǩ
뿴Ҷ壬ɫͬʱһ䡣ڳ˵УֻҶδǩȻҶûгǩѾ֪Ҷ弴鵽ʲôǩΪ˵ǩ֣һ֧ǩ϶ûκ֣
һȻֿˣ
˰ЦΣһֿˣһҲذɣϾܽһֵʮˣԶ¾ߡ
Ҷû˵ļЦߵľԣȡһ֧ǩҶǣǩʱ˿ǩϹȻǿհ׵ģҲ˵Ҷ岻òμӱ䣬ֱӽһ֡
˶ǩЦŶ˵Ͽʼһ֣ɢ˰ɡ
Է׷ת̨
ҶҲ̨ȥˬ˻ϣһЦĶУˣϷл˵
Ҷתһ˾Ȼ̫׽̳
ˣԸ̫׽̣Ц
̫׽̣ҶĿһЦ峤ϣڵˡ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣԸԸ̫׽̣ԸĻϷ㱣֤ھԲҶ˵ʲôһЦ
Ը⡣ҶһЦתߡ
ȻֵԸ̫׽̣Եõ̫׽̵ĵؽ似޾ԴԪԲ
ʹ̫׽̣ҲԪԲҶһЦתˬˡ
ɫЩû뵽ҶۻҾҶıӰȻ㲻˳̫׽̣ͱϷˣиʯ͹ˣ

Ҷߵˬߵʱ򣬹ūͳҲڣ֪Ҷ鵽˿հǩˬ˷׷״ϲǽֲΪҶ嵣
ɵ˵ǩĶʮ߸˵УʮĸѾ¾ʮĸ¾ߺпܶһ֡ˬɫصĿҶ塣
ĽҲһصĿҶ壬ҶǿϾ¾ߣʹһ֣ҲǱ˵Ķ֡
ģĴӮҲǿġҶһЦ߳˱㳡ˬ˽
ʱҶ˻ص˰ɽׯ
ڣҶ͹ūϣūҶ˵ĶֶֻаӮ𣿡
ˣȼѪҶһЦ
ȼѪ̫Ѫˣһ㲻ڶʱ֣ܶԼҲΣաūü
ܿٳھŸѪĻ㲻ȼѪ͵֣ҲǡҶһЦ
ھѪūһ䣬᲻֪ٳھѪļѣûٳŸѪˡ
ģʹ޷ٳھѪҲеֺȼѪҶЦ
򲻵ѣǧҪʹ󽣵ֺɵ֡ūѡ
Ҷ˵ͷһʹɵֺʹ󽣵֣ɱ׽ɵ¿϶ᱩ¶ʱ򣬾֪Ҷڵˣ̫׽ҲԲŹ
ղʹ˻˵ˮں̫׽̵˻᲻ỳɣǵ鸣أ¥֮ˣūȻʵ
ʹɣҲû֤ݡҶѾıòǸϲң£ӵͬһҲûУֻҪûп¥ֻ֮ǻɶѡ
ûֻҪǲ֪¥֮ϣҲǻɡ΢٣ūʱɵֺʹ󽣵֣ؼʱֻ̣ܿ֡
ԵĻҲϣȡʤҶĿһ
ͳʱ俪ٳھѪȳǩʱ㡣ūһЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ
㡣ūһЦ뿪
Ŀ͹ū뿪ҶǬȡ㣬ɵ֣㡣

Ҷչصʱ򣬰ɽׯĳڣѩϣڱĿϥϺһѩ׵ɭʹ¶ȶ˲١
ŴţɫſſڣΪѩ˿Ŵš
֪˼Ѫѩ˺Ȼڻֻѣʹһ֣Ҳδܹأұһѣ
δ䣬ѩ˺ȻһϵǬâէһض֦ȻС
ȡ֦ѩ𱦽֦
֦Ʈſڰɫǡ
ɫǵס֦תߡ
ܿ죬ɫǳҶǰѶ֦ںתߡ
ʱźȻ򿪣ҶſڣŽԶȥİɫǣĿһѩˣ
ĿӰɫջҶͷŶ֦ɫ΢䣬ּ˶֦ϸš
֦ϾȻʮ֣΢ɴ¡
΢Ҷɫ΢䣬ѩڶ֦ϵʮ֣ȴû˵֦ûϸСĶ֦۶ϣĿƣѾﵽһַ˼ĵز
Ҿ¾һҶһЦת
ϣҶϸŶ֦΢
ߣȻӵгԽͨߵǵǻɢġ¾ͬΪ¾ѾѧǰֿΪħˮɺȻڡ
ҶĿһ
һѧܰȫɢԽǿҲԽͻƵ¾Ĺؼܲħˮɼ˵
ҶҪڵ޷
ģĿҲҲңֻҪħˮһЦ
˼˵ڻɢԼһֱ֣˴ˡҶƺѾֻŸոճԺоʧץҲץס
ʲôҲû˵ܲ󻹵ÿԼ¾磬ɲǵҩľͻƵġħˮЦ
ҪģȿٳھŸѪҶ£ȡ㣬


181 ŸѪ
ڶ㱻ʱҶ嵤ڵѪѾ˺ܶ࣬ԶԶٳھŸѪ
ʱҶѾڵѪѾܶ࣬ǣȻ޷ٳھѪ
ʱԪ޵ˡҶĿһǬȡ嫵ѹʱ
ɵ֣֮סҶڣתѪ뵤Ԫ޵̺Īͨ˸޷ֱҶûɵ֣ͬ޷ֱ
ʱҶĵѾѪѾһ롣
Ҷ˾ͺ¯һȫѪȵѪ
߿ѪҪѪҪ˵ǣ޷ڵѪĸȻڡ
ģȣҲѷɫħˮһЦ
ٺ٣ĻܿٳŸѪĸҲЦˣ˵ȴôҶ塣
ŸѪڴѾܾûٳŸѪˡ
ȻһЦʥͼд
ү˵СܿٳŸѪ𣿡ĸЦʵ
پŸѪѶȺܴɵ֣ѾпپŸѪǱ󵽵ܲܿٳɹÿүЦ
ܿٳھѪܴﵽᶫĸ߶ȡħŮȻڡ
ʱҶѾɵʢѪɢϯ˷𶯡
ѪѾﵽޣҶƵѪ۳һѪСڵѪѪУʹѪв׳
ٵھŸѪѶȷʵܴѪÿյڵһ˿ѪҶͶһѹƤѾѪɫƺʱ˺ѡ
ѪбһʱҶƤѾ˺ѿһѪˡ
ھҪˣܼȥܿٳھŸѪֲȥĻ»Զֹ˸Ѫү˵
־ͺܴδֵܼ󡣡ĸҶ壬ҶܵʹжҶͦסʹࡣ
ʱҶ嵤ڵѪֱһȦ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ʱѪֱһȦҶȫĹǽž죬ʱѡ
ҶʹһΣͦȥʵؽδĳɾ;Բͦ͡ȥĸؽܵˣԶֹڰ˸Ѫ
ԣԲʧܣ
ҧѾһΣھΣиûκη塣
ֹ˼ʱҶȻڿٵھѪȻڳܷ˵ʹࡣ
һĻĸү˷׷һҶ
ڣҶѵڵѪѪУѪлһѪ˸ѪΧȦתʱӿȵѪ澭ζ޾Ҷȫ
ھŸѪһٳɹҶѸʮһʮʮ򡭡
ʯ֮䣬Ҷʹﵽ˷˼ʮȻʮ
һ¾ߣҲֻʮңӵС԰ѻɢԶԶԽʮֱʮ
Խǿ˲䱬ԽڹϵĵУΪʮءǿȡĻ֮һԣ¾Ҳֻܴﵽڶ
һߣʮ˲䷢ʮ侪ˡڶߣͬӵʮԷʮĹ
ҶȻֻ߶ѣҲûѾԿ¾ߡϾڿӵʮ
ٳŸѪҶ˿ȡƷҩʼҲ֪˶걦ҩԪŻָתѪ磬ʱϵѪ˲
ˡ
ʱ⴫
Ҷ˳ȥʱ˹ū
оҶϢ˱仯ū΢䣬ϲҶ磬ѵѾɹˣ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ
ԣūȾϲ
ūӦûûнɣҶЦ
ѾʮϾҪʼǩˣھȥ㳡ū˵
Ҷͷ˵뿪˱㳡

ܿ죬Ҷ͹ū˱㳡
ǵִ㳡ʱ̨ϻڼսֵ˾Ȼ̵֮ͺˮ콾Ǹ̵֮ĸߴ󣬳ᣬһǸˮ콾ݣȫһɫˮ
̹Ԫǰ˴֮һȻҲԲǹԪĶ֡ϯۡ
û˴ӣÿ˶ѾҶѾ¾Ҫʵ̫ѡ껱Ͼֻǰ벽¾ܼôѾܲˡ
ٺ٣ԪʹĻˣôֵܼڣ
˷Ҷ͹ūЩ˵
˴ӡҶĿһʯ并˵βμɴȵ˵Уǿ˾ٺͰ˴ӣʮˣ¾ߣսˡ
٣ʵ̫׽ײĪˮףٴϣʯ죬ʵˣֱϽɴȵǰ
ڰ˴ӣϽɴȵĵʮĻʮ˻϶ܽһ֡
ⷢˡ
¡
Զһ̨ϣһĸߴĹӵ̨ˤڵء
Ҷ͹ū뿴ȥվ̨ϵ˾Ȼѩˣ
ѩ˻˰˴ӣҶ岢ûие⣬Ϊѩʵ
ʱϯ𾪵߽˼飬˺ͱ˽֣Ȼûг߽
˻кײһսʵƲ⡣
ɴȣײиС˸͵
û뵽ڳʯ֮⣬ֳһ콾ꡣ
֮ʣб䶼ˡ
ıѾѾʤʮ˺ֿ֮һ̨ǩոս峤ͱ鲼㳡
ĻҶ徶ֱһ̨
ܿ죬Ҷ塢ѩˡײ˶һ̨
Ҷ壬м¶м֮ɫҶ̨ܸͬǩȫѡʵҶʲôҲǡ
ҶһЦûЩ˲мĿ⡣
ʱˣ˵ǩһʮ֧һŶʮĺţԴơ˭
ײ߳һǩţҲ̳ǩ
Ҷ鵽˶ǩĶǰ˴֮һ


182 
˴֮һ֮ˣڰ˴֮ġϽɴȵʱֻѣɴȣѾ¾ʵˡ
Ҷ峯ȥֻһϮɫ޳üĿ࿡ʡ
Ҷ忴ʱҲҶ壬¶֮ɫȻѹûҶ嵱ɶ֡
ʱЦĳǩΪֹ쿪ʼ䣬ɢ˰ɡ
Է׷̨
ҶҲ̨͹ūϺһ뿪˱㳡
ʱҶ͹ūص˰ɽׯ
ڣūҶ干ͬʱ󷨺ȥ
Ŀ͹ū뿪Ҷϣȡѩ˸ǽض֦ٴϸ
ҶֻҪĿܴﵽ΢ˡ
뵽˰뾲뾲а
뵽Ǭȡ˿̵ʯ飬һ׵
뾲ҲΪȣжȣ״̬Ҷ岻֪֮䣬Ѿִܵжȳ뾲
ſ̵Ļʯ׷ɣʯ״Ҳڻı䡣
ʱʯѾ̳һΣҶȻڳ뾲֮С֪УĿѾ˲١
ҡ
ߵʯҶѾһЩֻ򻹺ģ
żΪ֪һһϦܰ쵽ġ
ȫУֱһֹ̣ͣ뿪
ŵǹūҶ壬ЦٲߵĻͿϲϱˡ
ҺаūѣҶЦԼţͰѱˡ
߰ɣūһЦתߣҶ
ܿ죬ҶͿˬ˻ϣһͬʱ뿪˰ɽׯ
ûãһ˵ִ˱㳡ΪδʼԣҶ˶Ϣҵȴš
ˡڣ俪ʼˡ
Ҷ߳Ϣң̨̨ϣڱĿ񣬸оˣȻ˫ۣҶ壬ЦȻ
ΪʲôҶһЦһԾ̨
֪ҵĶ֣ȻʵɼΣЦ
˵㡣ҶЦһ˵һ䣬ֻ뷨ڶҴûյ£Ȼˣ˿϶㡣
Է׷ɫ䣬ǲǷˣһ߶ѣȻ¾˵
ңһ㶣漴ϵĳ֮ɫŨЦҵ뿴һ߶ѣƾʲô˵ܴӮң
δ䣬ȫѪһȭɱҶ壬Ѫ죬һֻѪɫǣձҶȥ
˽Ʒ似ȭ£һȭȺʳ֮
ۿѪɫɱҶʩչӰٲɣܿѪɫǵĳ
ȻѪɫռתٴɱҶ壬צ׺֮
ҶתһǱȭɱѪɫǣѪ졣
䣡
ѪɫײҶȭͷϣ춯أҶ˼ѪɫҲ֮Ѫ
˿һĻ׷ɫ䣬ҶȻסĹѵ׽뽻ֵʱûоȫ뵽𾪲ѡ
ԼĹҶ廯ˣҲ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ݵĳԾЦִһȭѪѪɫǣɱҶ壡
ҶûܣһȭɱѪѪɫȭӡɽѹѪɫǡ
¡һ춯صľ죬ȭӡ;ײѪҫ֮
ٴ𾪣Ҳû뵽ҶȻӵп¾ߵһ߶ѣô죬Ҳʤ¾ߣ᲻
ôܣĿһͣղһȭҲʮΪԵɱҶ壬ǽȴһ
ʱҶȻУ˴ӵʵֻ𣿡
ҳСˣΪӮҵĻʹشˡ
ЦһɱҶ壬ȭ磬ʯ֮䣬ͺʮȭѪʮֻѪɫǣ̨ϣҶȥ̨
ɫ䣬Ҳֻ¾ϵߣܰ˽似ӵ˾˵ĵز
ۿȺҶ޾壬ҲȭȭһѪ죬ȭӡѹʮ
䡭
Ѫɫٴκȭӡײ춯Ǻ쳹˷˱öۡ
ԶԶȥ̨ʧѪУԼԼУֻܿѪȺۣȭӡ衣
𾪣һߣȻܸս˵زʵڷ˼
˼飬ôӵ˾˵ɢûؾ磬ȷʵɡ̵ĳ𾪡
ѵ뽻ֵʱûоȫ̫׽̵ĳҲޱȡ
ѪƽȣʹطҲ˵ӵеȷʵġװԾɵôӵ˾˵
ѵٳ˰˸ѪƲ⡣
пܣʯҲٳ˰˸ѪԳΪһ¾֮Ǹ¾֮츳ԶԶȲɱϾ¾ߡ׽˵
ܴܽ룬ҿ˵Ѿٳ˰˸Ѫɫ
ڳ˸ʯ죬̫׽İλƷǾԲٳһʯ죡Ϲ˳ǣǱɱװԳ
ûΪãǱ೤Ϸ׷׵ͷ
̫׽̵˽̸֮ʱĳżڣ¼ʯ幣үѵǰҶ岢ûгȫ
ûУֻΪ˲٣Ըһսʯ˵
ֻѣʵôô죿¼Ĳ˼顣
ûʹϴκ׽뽻ʱʹطԣ֮Իô࣬пֿٳһѪʯ平
ֿٳһѪ¼΢䡣
ʯ幵˵ͷֵֻǲ֪׿ٳ˼Ѫ롭пǰ˸
˸Ѫ¼һ䣬ôҲֻһ˿ٳ˰˸ѪǸ˾ʯ죡
ܿٳ˰˸ѪôΣˡʯĿһ
Σգ¼⣬ףҶ忪ٳ˸ѪΪʲôΣա
ľ֣бʵġʯ˵ûм˵ȥǼע̨ϵļս
¼һ䣬Ѿʯ幵˼ˡ


183 Ͻ
˲²Ҷ徿ٳѪʱ̨ϴһ춯صġ¡졣
ĿȥֻҶһȭ˼ͬʱ˼
һٴγȭѪ죬ѪɫצҶ塣
Ҷ޾壬һȭȭӡ죬ѪɫצʱѪ
ʱ֪ʱѾɱҶǰٴγָ֣繴ץҶţָѪ
Ҷ岢ûܣʹȫһȭɱѪ죬𶯰˷
¡
˶ָһ飬ĺ˼ɫ֮ɫղҶһȭ֮ǿԲʹġ
֮ʣҶѾɱǰ˺Ȼ˶ʮӰѱ١
ĿһæˣٶȺܿ죬ʯ֮䣬˵̨һǡ
ҶûĶʮӰ׷ȥͬʱʱӰ죬˲䱻Ӱ֮С
ƣѪͷɱХ쳹졣
䡭
춯صĺ쳹˷˱ͷĿѣ
ԶԶȥ̨ŨŨѪ֣Ѫɢȥʱɫһ䣬ϾȻϽɫû뵽ȻҶ֮ǰ
ΪϽ侪ˡ˵һָɱһߣõľϽɴ˿ɼϽĿ¡
ͷųϽͺϽսһ㣬ȫϽâ˲ֱӡ
ವһһϽâҶȥٶ֮죬˷˼
Ҷɫ΢䣬ʩչӰٲʮɣնյıܿǣȻһתֳҶɱȥսֻܿһϹӰ
Ȼ֣һָҶĺָϽֱָҪ
Ҷ岢ûܣƴǣԻȫʱϢ
ۿҶһǽָ羢ָѪ죬̺ŨҵĻ֮

ָָײȻھײһ㣬ǧ𻨣ײ˵ĶĤ˺顣
ٴν̨֣ϣÿӰἤһ𻨡
˷׷ɫ䣬ġϽȻ޷Ҷǲ˼顣ڳˣ󲿷ֶ֪Ҷ嵽ӵʲô͵Щ˵ȻѾ˲²⣬ȴȷ
ѵǴ˵еʮ֮һƲ
ϽҲƲ룬пʮ֮һ˵
ӵʮߣÿ˵ĳɾͶ޿˵ʮ֮һǻᳬԽ̫׽̣Ϊİ˲²⡣
˲²֮ʣ̨ϣһɫâƿնɱҶ壡
ڶأ壬أšȻͷų֮ɲѾﵽ˵š
ֻڶؼ£֮Ѫ֮ϣʹѪϽ֮
أҪѪϣֱӰųȥǧ֮⡣
ۿɫâնɱҶҲǵһâնɱЩâǻ֮ݻɵģƻ侪ˡ
䣡âײغ䡣
ȥ鸣غأ˴Ļ֮ԣҶҲڶؼ¡ͬҶҲ԰ѻ֮ѪϹˡ
ҶͬҲڶؼ£ɫһ䣬ԾǣΪϽȻҶѹסˡ
Ծ֮ʣҶմһȭɽȭӡƿѹ
ߣһȭӭ˳ȥϹɫǣձۣɱ
䣡
ɫǳȭӡϣ⻪̨¡¡𶯲ֹ
ȻһϵǬâէϽɫĳӷɳҶȥ
Ҷɫ΢䣬һӣɫâƿնɱɫӡ
䡭
ɫӱâУ˲仯촷ۡ
ɫӴ󲿷ֱâɱɫӵʵ̫ˣǧֻӳ嵽ҶǰҶ塣
ǻƽ棬רſɻƽΪʳͨסǵݡ㲻õģЩȻɾԲƿĻħˮɺȻҶ塣
ƽ棡ҶĿһ̧һâݺᣬնɱ˷лƽ涼նɱ
ҶɱƽʱһЦĶУˡ
Ҷתһ֪ʱȻı󣬼ת˲䣬Ȼһ
һ侪ˣһ£ɨ˷̨
˷׷ɫ䡣
ۿҶ弴һնɱȻҶ˰벽ľһĽ
䣡
ཻغƥնɱ˷
ɢȥĿȥ׷ɫ䣬̨ϺȻһĽۣʮɡȻղһûлҶ壬̨֮ϡ
ԭղҶһĽʹһգն̨֮ϡ
ȻĿ̨룬ֻҶٴν֣ͬʱ˰벽
ҶסΣٴγݺᣬһѪɫײš
ߣߣһѪɫǣɱ
䣡
ǺѪɫײʮɸߵѪ⡣
ȻҶͬ°εضɱ̨Ͽգ˵ĽϽء
ԶԶȥֻҶľ֮Ѫ죬ݻѪɫߣȥͬʱĳ֮ѪѪɫǣȺձߣڡ
Ѫɫ;ײ쳹졣
ҶĻ֮ƻת˲֮䣬ĹͱҶ⡣
ԽսԽʵ޷ԼϽȻܸҶ塣
֮ʣҶȻսһȭɱıѪ죬һѪɫӰҶһȭѪɫҲһȭɱ
ɫһ䣬ˣͬʱϵϽˮĽСʱĽϹһɫ̫ҫ֮
ˢ
һնһĽնɱѪɫ˵ȭͷ
ؽ似Ԫ׽նĳɫһ䡣
¡
ȭͷײغҫ۵Ĺâ
صأ˺ܾòŻʧס̨ĹâҲ֮ʧ
Ŀȥ̨Ͽ׹£̨֮⣬˺ѣѪֹ
һĽббǰ
ɫһ䣬Ȼˡ


184 
ΪܸҶ𾪵ʱҶ̨ϡ
뿴Ҷ壬Ϊ¾ӣҶʷһˣû֮һ
СڵˣɳȥˮڳЦ
ٺ٣ɴ֮ٶԸҲ٣֮ǾԲٳһʯ졣һˮڵĳϹЦ
ͬʱĳϢڣҶ֣ҧź촽ôܡ
Ѿ˱Ѿ޷ȥһֱҶȴδһܣʲôζֻԼˡ
ϣȴֲòϣҶ֮ĲѾԽԽˡ
µʧȥģǧҪһ㡣һĳ˵ˣСˡ
ߵĻɫˣҶԼʧȥĵġ
Ц
ߺʹ̸ʱҶѾ̨Ϣҡû뿪㳡ΪỹҪһֵĳǩ
ҶصϢҵʱ򣬻̨ϵıδҶ߹սߺ͹ū˽̸š
Сӣ˵׺Ͱʦ׵˭ӮĽȻʵʦҲǰ˴֮һڶ
Ҷ忴̨ڽֵ׺Ͱʦף׵ʤӦøһЩ
Ҳ˵Ҳܽһ֣Ļһֵ˾ˡĽһ
ҶЦ֪ĸ˭
һ̫׽ײڶĪٴϣĸѩˡūһЦҶ͵
Ȼ⼸ˣ⼸⣬ʯӦҲܽһ֡ҶĿһ̧ͷһ̨ʯںһĿĴ󺺽֡
ˬҲʯڵ̨˵ʯ콻ֵҲǰ˴֮һ룬ڰ˴֮
ʯ֮һʵȰ˴ӸǿһӦò䡣²⡣
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˵ĶԣΣԴʯԺڱ̫׽̴ѹɵУֻŵĩλҲ֮ҵҺˮڣһЦ
ԣг϶Цˡ

ʱҶѾ͹ūһ뿪˱㳡ص˰ɽׯ
ڣҶϣͷϣ˸ʣһһԪעҶڣꡣͬʱɵ֣
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ܿ죬ĸҶִ˴֮ء
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ŽʧŨеҶ壬ĸСܲܵסʮУ
ҿѡһ˺Ȼڹĸ˾Ȼǵһػˣħ٣ħŮ
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ںɫսףս飬ǱǹĺۼɣС
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ҲĶ֣ҶɫҲˡ
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185 
Ҷصʱԭڴǰ黺ڵУȻŷҫ۵Ĺâɨ˷˼¶
Ҷɫ䣬δ֣ʹǰδеѹ
ʱ鸩Ҷ壬ڣٳŸѪ츳
ҲԿ˵𣿡Ҷ忴飬ɫ΢䡣
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˶٣ֵʥ˵ͨһأҲ¾ԲȻʥ֮˵ΪǸţ¾ʱ򴳹һءͨ˵ҪͨһأҲǻԪڡ
Ŷ˼˵ڸĶ֣ҶһЦ
ûҶֵĻʮУذɡҲЦˡ
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һЦûָֻ̧һʱ

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ΣͷҶͷųתȼѪɿľɡ
Ϣѹֻᱻʥѡˡ֮ʱûֹͣһָҶȥ
Ҷһ󽣺Ȼ֣ȫʮ֮һѪȫעкҶһָ
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ʧŨеҶ壬ӵʮ֮һĻϵ֣ǲ˼顣ܿٳʮѪܴһء

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ڶ죬Ҷ͹ūһ뿪˰ɽׯʱִ˱㳡
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䣡
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䣡
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˷׷ɫ䡣
ղõӦǺˮڵĵؽ似ӡ벻һʹ˵ؽ似
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֮ʣ̨ϿպȻ뿴ȥ
̨Ͽգ̧һץǧٵˮƿննɱҶȥ
Ҷ޾壬âˮС

쳹ʮأˮжâˮ
ٴɫ䣬ٴ뵽˴˵еʮҲֻдеʮ׻׵Ĺ
ʱһϵǬâէһѪɫƿӷɳôĴָƿǣһѪƿƮɷ죡
Ѫɷ֮ʯ幵˸ĳǷ׷ɫ䡣
Ȼֻſһ磬ˮ籡ɷʱں˺ˮ֮СţںɷĺˮʮգҶȥڡ


186 ֮
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˷׷ɫ䣬
ôҲ̫˼ˡ
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ʱҶѾصϢҡ
ܣôӮ׵ģˬ˿Ҷ壬Ҳɻ
֮Ǳ߶ѪĵٶȱһҪ졣ҶһЦ
ˬɫ΢䣬û뵽ձϿ˾ȻԼ
ֻҶ͹ū֪ǲϿҶģΪҶɵ֡
лϢڸǣҲоɵֵϢԣҶԵĺ޹˼ɵʧѪ


187 ʮѪ
Ҷ׵ı֮ʱʯٴϵıδײĪˣѾֳʤĪײĶ֡
ûãʯٴҲֳʤվȻʯʤˣ
νһֵ˵УȻڵġ𾪡
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ɱǣûôס༸ɫ΢䡣
ھʹѶֵĻǾܲˡһЦ
ֹˮڣ̫׽̵ĳҲıɴȽҲ׷ŹҶѩˡ
ʱҶײѾ̨ʼǩ
һֳǩȳǩ˻ײҶˡ
ǩҶ˼ͬʱǩײ鵽һǩѩ˶ţʯţҶĺšҲ˵ҶĶײʯĶѩˡ
ײҶһۣ¶Цݣת̨
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Ϊʲôɵ־ѧᡶɻҶʵ
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㲻˵ڻҶ𣿡Ҷʵ
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СӾȻ뿪ʮѪѵ𣿡ʥͼУĸҲ𾪡
ǲˣ·үĻȻڹĸߡ
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ʮѪô׿١үȷʵҶ塣
˵˸Ѫ;ŸѪ֮һӵĲ࣬ôŸѪʮѪ֮һĲࡣԹܿٳŸѪʵкܶܿٳʮѪȴϡ١
үСܿٳʮѪѡ𣿡ĸȻʵ
үߴڿ⣬ߴЦֻһˣǸ˾ʥ츳ٺΣ츳òܳΪ֡
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ٺ٣ʲôҲû˵үһЦ⡣
ʱڣҶ嵤ڵѪѾ˼£
ҶѪڵγһѪУȻѪѪ
Ѫÿһ˿ѪͶһѹת˲֮䣬ƤѾûȣһλ¯
꣬ǽڴҶȫʹޱȣҧ
ֹ˰ʱҶڰ֮һѪѪУʹѾоľ
һʱҶѾѪѪС
ʱŷ֣ѪѪԶԶٴοɵֿ֣ʼҩɢҺħˮɶ׼ҩɢǰˡ
һҩɢһ߳ԿѪڣʱѪлγѪ
ʮѪոγɣŸѪΧȦҶͻ赹˶ѪС
˼飬СӾȻĿٳʮѪүһ
ĸħˮͬ𾪡


188 һ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶѹʱԼȻһԡͰУԡͰоҩƣ㴼
ˡһЦȻҶС
Ҷ̧ͷţ˵˾ȻǹūãȻʵūʲôˣô
㿪Ѫʱ˹ȥħˮɶ˵ҩƿ԰ָūɫǵʵ˺𣿡
Ҷ壬ȻЩʹѾûд󰭡ţȻ֣Ȼﵽ˾˵ʮֲ
ǿٳʮѪ֮𣿡ҶԼЩԾ
¾ԲҲûʮ˵ˣҶֻ߶ѣȻӵʮʵ˷˼
ѪʮѪͬʱתͬ˴ҩһ֫ٺ˵
ʮѪҶĿһٳʮѪĿɲֹѾ˵һɱ䣡
ڣ֣ܸԪһս
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ҶĻū¶ϲɫ˵Ȼˡˡ
ϾҪʼˡҶ屾ԡͰȴ֣Լûд·
·ѵģѵġū΢죬æת߳
ҶһЦӣ뿪ԡͰ·߳

ܿ죬Ҷ͹ū뿪ɽׯִ㳡
Ҷ˵ִ㳡ʱ򣬹ϯϵۡ
ǸūȻӮףҲϾĶֿײ
˵Ѿٳ˰˸ѪٸһʱĻܸײһսԲײĶ֡
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ˣ˵ʯѩ˵˭Ӯ
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Щ۵ʱ̫׽̵ĳҲڽ̸
СӺϧΪӦӮװԳ
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ѩˣװԵɫ΢䣬ǿѩ˵ı䣬Ȼ֪ѩ˵ѩкͻԪһս֮
ģҲиԪһսʵңѾֻԪֻҪͻƣʱͻƣǽѩ˵СӾԲǲĶ֡һ˵
˵ûװԵ˵˵ͷ
ײ̸ʱ򣬱Ѿ쿪ʼҶѾ̨
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ʲô˷׷ɫ䣬ԼĶǲǳˡ
̫׽̵ĳҲ׷ɫ䣬ݵĳԾЦ֮ɫ
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ЦײҶ壬ЦãҾվ㹥ҵҪΰұʮ
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СӻǴԲѣѵΪӮ׾޵𣿡˳
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Ҷ屻úеľ˲
ʵֹЩٲȫĻĺܲңײһЦƽҶ塣


189 սײ
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190 ڶ
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ûײȷʵӣҺڴٴν֣ʱ˭˭Ӯδء˸͡

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191 ¾
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ɱ¾ҲǴ˵еʮ֮һδռˣҲûи߹ħˮ˵
˵еʮҶ͹ūͬʱɫ䣬ǲû˵˵еʮ


192 ս
ɱ¾Ǵ˵еʮ֮һħˮ˵
Ҷ͹ūɫһ䡣
ӵʮ֮һˣ츳ˡ֮˵ֻɰմӮΪѩҲд˵еʮ֮һħˮЦ
ʮ֮Уǿ֮𣿡Ҷ档
ǿȡӵˣʮ˭ǿ˭ÿ߱ħˮЦ
߱ҶĿһ
ˡʱ伴ʼ
Ҷ͹ūͿˬ˻ϣ뿪˰ɽׯ
ûãҶ˵ִ˱㳡˿̱㳡Ѿɽ˺˶Ѿ롣
㳡ֻʣһ̨֮ǰ̨ԪҲƻ̨
Ҷ˵ִ㳡ʱ򣬼Ӱڱ㳡ߵĹϯϣľȻ̫׽̳ϣװԺ˶СΪ֮Ŀ࣬ŭȻ̫׽ۣ̽
ߣײȻҲڣ
ʱ俪ʼۻڣ˵֮ʱѾϣײߵλ¡
Ҷ忴۵һۣ漴ͿˬһϢҡ
ۿϢҵҶ壬˵Ϣ
ײɫ΢䣬ѵѾͻˣ
ӦòΪһսͻơ츳ˣĲΪ̫׽ã뾡Ŀһ
ģɴȽǻȥǲԸ˳ҽ̵ĻǾԲŻصڡװ˵
ֻײɫ
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ʲôҪҶӦײԥĵ˵ͷ
ٸֵʱֻʤܣһֵ
Ҳܵģײ촽

ײ˵ʱ򣬹ϯۡ
ʯ⣬˭Ҳסѩ߽ѩ˵Ľʵ̫ˡ
֪ǽҶǲѩ˵Ķ֡
ײܴӮ᲻ѩ˵Ķ֣
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ҶҲǴ˵еʮ֮һĻҶδػ䡣
˵ѩ˸ʤһ
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˵ҡҡͷ˭Ҳ²Ӯ˻˭
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㲻һֱϣ𣿡ҶһЦ
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ҶҲ˱ľȫѩˡ
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ԶԶȥ˸Ҷѩ˵Ӱ˵ӰѾҫ۵ĽС
ǻûʹǵȻѾʮ򡭡𾪡
Ԫ߱ǿҲѷɫ̾
ѩ˵ʵǿҿײҲδѩ˵Ķ֡˲²⡣
ضһ˸п
ʱתͷײڣмɰգ
ײĬˣҶûͻƵ¾ʱͲҶĶ֣ûκΰա
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˵ٶȶﵽ˼£ҶкܳԾû뵽ѩҲвڡӰٲĵؽ
ȻܰڵӰٲֵزʵڲ˼顣
Ȼѩ˵ҶС
ҶѡҶ忴ѩˣȻһЦ


193 ɱ¾
Ҷո˵Ҷѡĸ֣ѩٴγһҶüģ꣬ǵصҶ壡
ۿƿնҶ岻ʾӽ̶ʱ졣

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Ҷ޾壬ľ쭣۳Ѫɫɱǡ
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ѩÿʮƥǣǲʾձۣ;Ҳɱ
˿Ŀѣۣоþ޷ƽϢ
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˷׷׾㤣һ֮±ȴؽƷ似Ҫǿ
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¡
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ɢȥĿȥҶѩն˶û¡
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ʱѩĿһɱ¾ȫ뱦֮УʱһͨѪɱ졣
Ҷɫ΢䣬ҲѻעľУľͨɫϢ˷
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ٴν֣ͽײĽ⣬ҫ֮
ĿȥֻܿɫӰշɳۣ֮ǽ
Ҷÿιᱻѩ׶㿪жɲѡ
ѩÿζܱܿҶĽѩͬκβҶ壬ΪҶ御ܲܰѩйܿȴԹԹѩ˵Ĺһһ⡣
Ҳ֪ս˶ãҶĿһ֪ѩΪʲôױܿĹˣΪѩɱ¾ÿιž˵ɱԲѩױܴ
Ȼɱ¾֮ܿҵĽΪʲô֮ܿĽҶһ
˼֮ʱѩٴһд˿˿Ϣ
ɱ¾ֻ֮ѩܲһϢҲֻҶܲ
ҶоϢϾ͵ĺƣҲܿѩһ
ǰ㿪ˣѵɺ𣿡ѩ˿Ҷ壬ɫ΢䡣
ѩ˲֮ʱԶϯϣҲܲ죬ܷѩǿɱ¾ܿĹ֣ôҲǰ㿪ѩ˵Ĺ
ĬƬ̧̺ͷ̨ϿյҶ壬ɫһ䣺ѵҲǿ
뵽۾ɲѣ֪ɱ¾֮⣬Ԥе˵Ĺ
˵еʮأʹǰ˵Ҳδ뵽Ҷӵеǻ


194 ͻƣ
۵˾֮ʱҶѩ̨Ͽղɱ죬ɱ
̧ͷȥֻ˳磬ĿϾӣ֮գƥƥҫ֮
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ת˲֮䣬ѾٽԷ½Ƕû
˿һĻ׷ɫ䡣
ѹѩ˸˽ֵʱֻҪ߽Ϊжϳ˳еķ򣬱˸ңĽܿ죬Ҳ㲻һ̵ĳ
ѩ˿ˣԷƺҲǰԤϵĳַ򡣡һ̵ĳ˵
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泤ϣССȼѪԲ׷ŹĿһ뿪˹ϯҲ֪ȥʲô

뿪㳡ʱ̨ϿգҶѡȼѪתºٴγȭӰҲ֮ȭպɱѩ˶ȥ
һȭҶӿֲҶΪֹǿһȭԺɽ͡
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ѩббһҶľżһأƮ𣬺ʮɣƮɷ
Ҷѩˣѩ˺ȻһЦԤлҪǿҲȫĻӮ㡣
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ʱҶҲЦãҲûȫ㲻ȫĻⳡû˼ˡ
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ʲôҶɫҲһ䡣
˾֮ʣѩܣԪΧͣתԴԴϵڡ
ͻƣװԺȻһ
һڳ˷׷ɫ䣬ѩ˾ȻͻƵԪ
ԭͻƵԪҶɫ΢䣬ݵĳԾϻָƽ
Ҷƽı飬˷׷ɫ䣬ѵʲôֲɣ侲ѩҪͻƵԪҲ壬ֻߣֻǹ򶨶ѣ
˺Ҳ²ʱ򣬿ˬ˶̨ϵҶ壬Ͼǵ֮ɫ
һѩ˳ɹͻƣҶ廹ѩ˵Ķ𣿡ˬȷ
ĽҲûģϾѩѾôˣͻƵԪĻҶĶ֣
ʱҲֻйūܱƽƺѩͻƵ¡
ʱ̨ϣѩȫĹǽž죬˵Ҳļ¡
ΪԪߣﵽм뾲ȻͨأԪζб죬ﵽؼңҼأԪΪ֮硣
һΪԪߣԿʶͨԪңڣѷף
ѩھɱḶ́һѱɹ˶췭ظı仯


195 սԪߣ
ڣѩ˵˼£ԪҲֹͣڡ
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ѩ˾ȻͻƵ˻ԪľǻԪ֣߳˭ѩ˵Ķ֣ûҶлӮҶҲͻƵԪ
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ѩӮˣĳǶҶ塣
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˷׷ɫ䣬·ѾҶ屻һӡ
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˵ҲûȫҶһЦߵķʮ󡱣Ԫʮζѩ˶ȥ
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غನϯ˷һ̨˺ѿѷ죬̨Ȼʯ
ҶѩɱƲȥת˲֮䣬˾ʧӰ١ԶԶȥֻܿӰƲУһĺһϴ䡣
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Ȼѩ˺ƣܿ󡱻ľһնҶ壬ǧƿնǧ磬ļɱ֮һɱ
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ۿҶ弴ʸУ㳡һ澵ӷסҶǰ
ವһԭҶļʸȻ˾֮Уˮһ㡣
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ʵӨ͸ɫ˿ߣ״ͺ׵һ񱩵׵֮ӹʵ˷ʹʵԶҲĸоʵе׵֮

Һʯ幵˷׷ɫ䣬ϳˣɫץסĹʵ̫׽̵
˵ǧǰ̫׽̵õһ걦걦֮ʮŻһ
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ǣ磡װԵԺӣԺΧסǶûи
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200 
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ūҶĿһܹūûж˵ʲôѾµū֮Ի϶Ϊ쾵־ųǣҲֻ쾵Ϳľ˲ܾ
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ĸĻ쾵Ϳľ˵ɫҲˡ
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ƺ˽쾵һ쾵Ц
ֻ˵ѣ㲻˽⡣΢٣ĸЦӵ쾵֮˿ԤϧÿԤⶼḶСĴۡ
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Ҷ͹ūɫҲˣû쾵Ϳľ˼Ȼ˾а̵ˡ
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201 
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˵˲Ϊ׵ĺߣǾа̵һϡ


202 
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ھ޽ȫɡ


203 Զ
ںǾ˺ھ޽սʱ϶Цһץˣ졣
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Ҷ͹ūϲ֮ʱ쾵Ȼһӡ
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׷ѪϹˣ쾵Ҷ͹ū˵ץϷǷֿߣ
Ҷ˵쾵ȻЦߵĻƾǻסң㾡ܷĺˣ
ԣҶɫǰౣأ
˵꣬Ҷ͹ūתƿշߡ
ԶҶ͹ūԷˣЦ̫׽̵˵˼仰֮׷ȥװԽ
װԵ׷ҶʱǸĿһȥһЦǻûֳʤ𣿡
Ŀȥ϶ͬʱ֣һȭɱ̰˻ġ
ȻսĻҷ㵽ףĮڣһȺɨ
¡϶ͬʱ˼˭Ҳûռˡ

ڻͶ˽ֵʱ쾵Ϳľ˺̫׽̵ĳϼս
ѪϹƾǻסϷ򡣡쾵Ц쾵쾵ȻѹѪϹˣ
ϼһȻͻˣѪϹ˷׷ɫ䣬æˡû뵽쾵ȬΪҲˣ쾵ֵӾˣҲֻܱâ
ľߣ쾵ſľ˺ȵ
ľ˵˵ͷ˵תƿշߡ
ڿľ˺쾵ߵ˲䣬ų֮⣬ʯԶҶ壬Цһ׷ȥ
磡ʯ广ʯ׷Ҷȥɫһ䣬æȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ѩҲҶߵķûд֮ǰԲ
䣬ѩƿշߣҲ֪ȥʲôط

ʱҶѾųʮ֮⡣
׷ˡħˮɺȻҶ塣
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Ѿˣװɫ
ģܲԶߣһ׹׷ȥװԽ
ǰ֮⣬˸˴ӷһҶ͹ū
ǻں棡ħˮɫ
ںϣҶ͹ūһۣͬʱͷųͷģɴ
εĴȹ̣;ҲңԶһ봫˲ͱ͵ԶǵٶȺܿ죬׷ǵ˱ϾߣߵĻỹǲ

Ҷ͹ū봫ʱʯѾʯס
ĵܣΪңʯʯ幣Ц
磬ΪҲ֪ȥʲô𣿡ʯ˵
ǺǣĵܣֻȥڵŶѣΪȥʲôʯһЦ
Ѿ֣ȥҲûã㻹Ǵ˻ȥɣ˵½ҾˡʯҲЦˡ
ʯ˵һЦүŲ֪СߵŮӾðɣ
ԣʯ幺ʯɫͬʱһ䣬˵֮ˣ˵˾Ȼǹȣ
صĺҪǸղſõĴҲԲ²ǸŮ˾һЦūԭʼ̬һģƲ⣬ҶһİŮӼпܾá
үǻǸϿȥðɣҿɲϡЦ
ʯ幸˵һƮǶȥɣ˵½Ҿˡ
磡ʯ幺ʯͬʱɫ䣬̧ͷԶգʱһˣʯ
ǺǣõɾͽˡЦ
ģһ˾ȻʯͷһϹƿշߡ



204 
ųǱ֮У֣Ҷ͹ūӷ߳ûͣƬ̾ϢЯַȥ
˸ߣ׹У˾Ȼۺװԡ
û߶ã׷Ŀһһ׹⣬װԽ
ǰҶ͹ūٷɳУǸͣ
ȻһЦٺ٣ǲҪ׷ˣϷڣܲġ
Ҷ͹ūͬʱɫ䣬̧ͷһϿպڣһߴӺл߳ͻȻֵĺߣȻǲǰ֮ףץӵĹˣ
һ֣嫵ѹϯ˷Ϣ
˵ʵԲҶ͹ūͬʱɫ䣬Ʋ⣬ǰӦǸ֡
ٺ٣СӣѡȼѪҿԲΪ㡣һЦ
ȼѪҶɫһ䣬û뵽˾ȻΪˡȼѪġ
ٺ٣Сӣô᲻ðѶ𣿡˹Ц
ҪȼѪȻϣҶһЦֹ
ʲôʵ
鷳ܰҰ鷳ˣ˵ǡȼѪǵؽ似ҲԸ⽻ҶЦ
ٺ٣СӣϷĴ֣ЦҪĶ㲻Ҳøֻ·һ
·һҶһЦֱӹˣĻͲˡҿԸ֤ɱңʲôҲò
˸˵ֲѹ٣ಣಣۺװԴҶʱҶ͹ūĳ·ѾȫҲǣҲǡ
۵ĿҶ͹ūɨ˹ϣǾа֮˵ʱɫȻһ䡣
ٺ٣Сҵģ˭Ҳܶ˿Ц
ԣۺװԵɫͬʱһ䣬û뵽а̵˾ȻְҶ塣
ݵʧЦƾһ仰ҷǣδ̫Լˣ
ٺ٣Ķ֣ϷȷʵûʮɰմӮ㡣ˣҾаϴ˵ضǳֵĻ̫׽׾١һЦ
вң۵ɫһ
ٺ٣ԵϷʲôҲû˵˹Ц
ߣĳ˱һ仰ˣԺô㣿ôЦá
ٺ٣Ϸ򲻶ǲˡЦ
ʤĳһаʽĳΣ۰ȻһЦ
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ǣİкȻ˷ɳҶ͹ūΧסȫɫۣʮ꣬ǻԪߡ
˰ҶΧסʱ򣬹ЦŶ˵ﲻ㶯֣һս
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ٺ٣ʥǼһﲻϣǰĴˣʵҲΪĴ˺áĴֻˣԶҲܳΪǿߡħŮЦ
ʥ˵ĴҪʹǣ봳ͨϵĹؿһضûͨҼʹҲĪĸεҡҡͷ

ʥͼ⣬Ҷ͹ūڰװԵˣȻһӰסǵȥ·
Ҷ͹ūˣͬʱɫ䡣
˾Ȼǹˣ
ٺ٣Ϸ˵ֻҪǿϰѡȼѪϷԲΪǣΪʲôҪܣһЦ˿̵ĹɫЩ԰ףȻȻۣȴҲļ
֮뿪ۣϾԼҲ˵ûʮɰտԴӮۡҶЦ
ٺ٣ϷôȤˣͨ¾Ϸ򣬶ŵ˵ȴȫηϷϷʵں֣ĵΪʲôô󣿡Ц
ȻҲҲôΪʲôҪ£ҶЦ
ٺ٣ȤʵȤ˴Ц
ҶЦ
ūҶ壬оǵǣҶܺ͹̸Ц˵˾ͻϷ


205 Сͯ
ٺ٣ˣϷ㣬ԸԸҾа̣ЦԸҾа̵Ļҿ԰̫׽̡
Ҷ͹ūͬʱɫ䡣
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ҶĿһûлش˵Ļ
ٺ٣ˣﻹԥҺ֣㵽ԥʲôѵҾа̻ȲһССڣ˹Ц
˲֪Ҷ֮Բа̣ΪһˣǸᶫᶫɱ֣жаᶫУа̣
ҶЦҿԼа̣һ
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ٺ٣ˣ֪̫׽̣Ҿа̻ḶĴۣЦ
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Ծа̵ʵЩʵǿӦҲǵĶְɣҶһЦ
ٺ٣㲻ؼϷ򡣡΢٣Ц̫׽̲Ͽô򵥣֪̫֮׽̣ʵΪӪǵʮ峤ϡʮ峤ϱӡ̫׽̵ĵ֮ڣ̫׽̱ýҾа̵ŭ𣬱ţȴûôǷ̫׽̣֪֪Ϊʲô
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ٺ٣ȻĵӾȻھаˣ˼СͯһЦһƾʧʧķǹ˺Ҷȥķ

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ΪҶӣʯŹūƽ˵
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Сǽ칭ǡԵСǣںˮڵΧ
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ٺ٣Ѫ³Ѫõ֮⣬˶ɻõˡһЦ
ѪúɻãһʵǿһЩҶ档
ԥһ£ЦȻѪøǿһ
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206 ս
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Ҷɫһ䣬˿ǿߣȻҲûľа̵Ľʵ𾪡
СӣܳΪҾа̵洫ӣ˵лܳΪҽʮϵ״ӣлЦ
ҶһЦûȤȥа̵ĸ
ˣһûʲôء˺ȻЦ
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ҶһЦʵҺܺ棬Ȼа̵ʵôǿʮ峤Ϊʲôᱻӡء
ٺ٣һ̫׽̣Ȼӡʮ峤ϣӡʮ峤ϵʦԺˡĿһ
ʦԺҶɫ΢䣬Ѿǵһ˵ʦԺħˮɶ˵ԺʦԺԸа̿ҲѹǸҷӡа̵ĳϡ
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ʲôطҵʮ峤ϵģսɫһ䡣
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ҶͻսֵʱҹųڵĳطһŮӹһǰĿյϣĿʼʯš
Ůӣǹū
˶Ҫ𣿡ڴϵ
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׾ȻĴӦˡҹųڣʯԶȥɫӰ


207 аʮ
칭ǣսˡҶ뿪˾¥ܿ죬Ǿ뿪칭ǣƿշߡ
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һڣ߿ûʲôᡣħˮִҶ塣
ܻлġĽ봫ͼ̨ҵĻˡҶĿһʦԸı䴫ͼ̨͵·ߡ
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ߣ״ӣƾСҲ䣿ս
ҲĻ͸ˡҶһЦ
սɫ˵˺ȻЦٺ٣ͨյͽҲ״ӣʮյͽҲ״ӣˣ츳ҿ㣬˵ᱻʮϿϡ
ʮϣҶɫ΢䡣
ٺ٣ʥڣȨ֮ǽǸʮϣͨϡЦǴʮѡģֻʵǰϣлΪ
΢٣ֵÿ֮¹жʮϣһԣÿǲͽġ
ҲǶʮеһ𣿡ҶһЦ
ٺ٣ûϷҲɻöʮеһЦϷʵǰʮŲȥעֻܸȡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Թ˵ΪȻֻܸȣа̵ʵ֮ǿʵ𾪣
ϻˣǻǸȥѪųǰɡսȻڣɫЩͷ
ٺ٣ϾֻǸСһĴͼ̨ûУҲܵѪųˡһЦѪ֮һѪųѪһǣӵдʹͼ̨
Ҷ˼֮ȥ

ͬʱ칭ڣҶ͹ԭסķڣһɫӰ뷿䡣˴ʮӣţüȻʯмơ
ʦ˴ŷ䣬
Ӧû뿪áת߳˷䡣
칭Ͽգ˿ҶȥķӦѪȥѪʲô
Ѫųдͼ̨Īǡɫƿշߡ
˸ոȥûã칭ھ¥УһڴԴȺ̧ͯͷ͸Ÿ߿գЦ˼Ϲͽܻ£Ȼǳô
Сͯ
ϹͽӦûôɣٺ٣ҵҪôѾа̵ˡСͯЦȥ

ʱҶ͹Ѿ뿪򣬽Ѫ
ַҶڵִѪһǣѪųǣ
ѪųǺΰ׳ۣųʮڸָ˵˶Уеļսеޡ
˴ҶֱѪų룬ûãǾ͵ִ˴ͼ̨֮
ͼֱ̨ɣĸôߣһǿҵѹȸСһΧŴͼ̨ת˸â磬ҫ֮
ͼ̨Աи˼Ѫɫս׵꣬Щ˾Ǹشͼ̨ˡЩʵ¾Ѫʢ
ҶˣӭȥΪ˵촫ͼ̨ţλɡ
ͼ̨Ϊʲôţսɫһ
ߣžǲţôϻΪЦ
ţڸ˵𣿡սŭЦ
ֻǺǣҲڸ˵ѵڸԼ˵𣿡ΪЦ
϶ѣҲڱǰСУսߣѹϯ˷涼Ϊ֮һ
δӦѾֲѹ֣ڵءһ̣֪սĿֲϷ׷¶˾֮ɫ
ڣ㻹Ҫ𣿡սӼ꣬Įڡ
ѪڵˣҶǣѪڼʹ׷ĺҲŹǡΪȻŭӻս
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ڶоսɱģȻѪѹսȫ·
ѪʲôǾԺʦԺҲûսЦֲϢѹ򼸸꣬ʱѹſڵأ߿Ѫ
սûɱ⼸꣬ĥǡ
ۿ꼴սɱһЦҶߣǺôĵӣȻѪڵҲˣ
Ҷתȥʮ˳Ŵͼ̨Ϊۣ֮ʲŶʮͷʢˡ
ĸߣϢ嫣ʵˣȫǻԪߡ
СӣѪʲô˵ֻɱ⼸ɱ㣬ѪҲκβӡսҲתŰ꣬м˵
Ǹɫ˵ֱһߺȻү˵ʵɲ⣬϶ǻȴ˵
ߣѪڵĵҰҲøүſţЦȻ֮ɫûߵĻϡ


208 
ӱɱ㣬Ѫڵô죿
սЦ͵̤һ𶯣糱ϯ˶ȥ
ͱļɫ䣬ݵ𾪺Ǽ߼æ˰ǰͬʱ֡
¡
ļͬʱҺһȫȫ׹ڵأѪ硣
ǸѾ˵ʮ֮⣬űڵؼߣϾǾ֮ɫ
Ҷ忴һĻҲһϵսΪܸߣûϵսȻ׵ĻѪ֮ˡ
ػͼ̨ļ꿴һĻи𾪣û뵽ôѪڵĳϣȻסսһ֮
֮ԲҶ˽봫ͼ̨Ϊǵ봫ͼ̨ǰҪ֪սôǸŭս᲻Ҷ˽봫ͼ̨
ߣҪ˭ܾ㣡սߣȥ
ѪڣҶңѪھԲŹ㣡꿴սƽߺ˱в
ߣĵĻӻһСӾȻвӣֱ·սߣ̧ץȥѾɱģֱӰѰĨɱ
ۿ꼴ɱһѪɫնɱս
˸е㱾µˣս̧ͷӭնɱĻ̌һȭԪɽ壬ײ
¡նɽ֮ϣɽͽͬʱ˷
Ѫڵĵ̣ɱѪڵҲ̫Ѫڷ˰ɣһĮ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻǰ֪ʱȻһѪˣѪֱֳʮ꣬ݿʵĽâ¶
ҶһܵסսĹضҲɡ
ʱսȻЦٺ٣ѪʲôƾʲôҪѪڷ
ԣǸѪ˽üһЦºôĿĳ˵ҪµıǲҲһ󣡡
δ䣬ѪһһѪɫӰսȥһ£죬ɱˡ
Сӻе㱾£Ӿ棡սЦһ˳ȥֿȭӭȥ
䣡
Ѫ˺ͻսս˵Ľϯ˷ȭӡɡ
Ԫ𶯣Ҷʱо˺ƺƵĺУ޷ס塣
ȻЦٺ٣ѪѪ֮һʵȻף˴֮⣬Ȼеڶߡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬תͷˣֻ̧ͷԶУ˵Ϸû´ӦѪڵɣѪѵֻͷ¶β𣿡
ԶУŨ߳һѪµˣò䣬ŭϢ˸оĴڡ
磡ǺͻսֵѪ˿ˣɫһ䡣
ߣӽ֣ҲҷģսȻߣһѪˣԪ۳ɽ壬ѹѪˡ
Ѫɫһ䣬æˣͬʱһӭѹɽ塣
ɽѪƺһĺ˼
ս֣ԶǸ˺ȻһնսĻϯ˷
սĿһתһȭԪٴλһޱȵɽ壬ײӭնɱĽ
ɽҲ֮Ρ
ûȻսӦѾڶһĽսͷ­ȥ
ÿĽҶɫһ䣬˽֮죬֮ˣʵ𾪡
ٺ٣㵱Ϸǿɣ˹Цһӣϯɫ֣Ļڽ֮ϡ
ͺɫͬʱನϯ˷
ʵˣĳһЦûм֡
ղֻΪ̽˶ѣ˲Ķ֣ԲôҶĿһ
ٺ٣ùɵĴͼ̨ӦûʲôɣһЦ
ǺǣȻû⣬λʹþǣԪʯЦ
ͲˣԪʯԼУͲͷˡһЦתͷҶͻսЦ߰ɡ
ȵȣ˺ȻסҶˡ
ôѵָıעˣ˿ˣЦ
ȻǡЦղźλ׵ӦΪλⲻǲŶԣλɷ죿
˵ĻǸѪѪɫͬʱһ䣬û뵽˾ȻҶ
Ͳˣǻм£˾һЦתͼ̨Ҷͻս
Žϴͼ̨ҶˣĿһôٲĻ⼸а̵˾Ҫˡ
¡
ͼ̨Ȼ⻪Ѵͼ̨ϵҶ
ۿҶ˼ߣһɳƵ⴫ˣڣ㻹ߵõ𣿡
ɲǣͼ̨Ͽշ˸һ˴ӷ߳ȫŷģâ䡣
һ֣ߵķľಷ˴ͼ̨ʹͼ̨ϵķĽĽ֮ԭѾĴͼȻȻֹͣתâҲ
ʦҶɫ䣬̧ͷͼ̨Ͽյˣʮ꣬ɫԳֳָۣɷǣΧĻƣâ硣
˺ͻսҲͻȻ֮ˣͬʱɫȡ
ȻѪЦ֣Һļʱ⼸а̵˿϶Ѿˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ѹղŹʱ䣬ԭڵ
ڣ˵лߣħˮɵȻҶС
ҶĿһû˵ı飬ƺǳɵ˵ʵǿǣƹˣлѹˡ
ҶħˮɴʱŹˣЦұΪѪڵֻǾа̵Сɫѣû뵽Ȼˡ
Ҳû뵽ʦԺĳϻֵطһЦ
ĳ˵Ĺʽʱĳ˲뿪ѪڣǰŲߣž̤ѪڡһЦ
ɫһ䡣
ǰɱʦԺӣˣǽͺúһɡһЦ
ʦԺҶɫһ䣬ȻʦԺˡ
ٺ٣ǲϷˡ˺ٺһЦ
ǺǣµʲôĳȥǼȥĵӣĮ˵
δ˵սȻߵαظϼһϻҪսս
δ䣬սѾȳ֣һȭɱԪϯһɽѹ
𸡳͵һӣȻ䳤ǧ˿ͬʱиɽ֮ϣɽ˲顣


209 ʬ
һսĹĸٴһǧɫ˿趯ǵս͹ˡ
ɫ䣬æˣһӣʮɫз֮ڡ
䣡͸ײײ쳹죬ϯ˷ͼ̨ķݲϵ
ԶѪųе˷ңͼ̨ڷ򣬷׷ɫ䡣
˭ڸѪڵ˽֣˾ɡ
˭¶û취뿪Ѫųˡ˵
ǡı˿Զɫ˿ߣʱ𾪡
۵ʱ򣬴ͼ̨Ͽգ߻Ӷס˺ͻսͷųͷ󷨣ֻ裬˲仯ʮھ޽
ʮھ޽ΧһԲȦתնɱ˶ȥ
н󷨣
˺ͻսɫ䣬æˡ
ʱʮھ޽Ȼʮڽֻһٰʮڣʯ֮䣬޽Ѿӵ˾Ű١
ս͹˶ʱ޽Χ
һĻѪڵ˷׷ɫ䣺ʦԺĳϣ
ߣ˺ȻЦȫӿзʸ޽ȥ
սҲʾҲų֣Ԫһޱȵʯײ
䡭
𶯰˷

͹˽ֵʱҶѾû˵սԶڵȴʱһлᣬͻ뿪Ѫųǡ
˺ͻսѹסҶĿһתߡ
ߣбүڣߵõ𣿡һĮȻҶ屳
ҶתһѪȻ
ǸղŲǺΪʲôҪӣѪЦ
ҲǾа̵ˣҪ˱ĻȥҸղɱȥҶ˵
ߣЦ㲻Ǿа̵ˣôа̵һΪǾа̵ˣҾͻŹ𣿡ѪߣһѪɫնɱҶ壬ݺᡣ
ߵĻƾ㻹סңҶЦľһ
ѪҶľϾǳ֮ɫ
һ̣Ѫɫ䣬ľıײıһ𣬲նϣͬʱϴһ֮˲˼
ѪɫЦе㱾£ѹָڱүǰԲѣ
ķϻ̫ˣ֤ǿֱӶ־ǣҶЦ
ߣѪߣҶ壬ɱҶ壬Ľȸղſ˲ֹһ
ĽǰһĲֵҶЦû˰벽һգѪ˶
ʮʮ޳һ
ѪûҶĽǴʲôطģѾƽĺΣͷѪˣͬʱٽ񵲡һľѪ֮ϣѪֱһ飬ĺ˼
ѪڵĽҲˡҶЦһת뿪һĮСӣʲôҲѪڵĽ
Ҷɫ䣬̧ͷһǰսֵѪ˴סȥ·
壡ѪѪˣ¶֮ɫ
Ѫڵļ̳ˣڽˣСӿѪĽѪ˵
壬ղҴˣûκλᡣѪЦһһͨɫƴСĽȻġ
ϵ֣ҶĿһԼ֮⣬ǵһμ֡
ĽǺܲϧûн֣עǱүĶ֣ѪһЦеɫСȻ䳤ϯ˷
ӵн֮ˣװѽӳΪǽͱѾֱ˴ˣ˽һĵزͨĽޣ˵Ķ֡
ಣѪ֣һҶ壬֮ɷ
Ҷ޾壬ӭѪĽ֣Ҳһ˽׾Ž֮һ֮죬һУתţײ
ߣү˵ڱүϽǰĽһѪߣ߶ϽϽɳɫ˿ս˲ѽн顣
ҶĿһѪڵϽȷʵйȻ֮в
Ͻ޼ѪȻͺȣһɱҶ壬ϽһҶ塣
е֣һӮֵֻˣԶҲѧĽҶ˵һĻ
˽׾Žڶ֮
ͽײ𶯾졣
ʹе֣ҲҵĶ֣Ҷٴγ֣ľʱ죬ɱѪ֮и
Ѫɫһ䣬æˡ
ԶѪ˵ɫ΢䣬ã
˵ţѪ˺ȻָһԪ𶯣նɱҶ塣
оֽնɱҶɫһ䣬סѪ˵ĽҲû룬ʹʥͼʥͼɲǣԶȻһֱϡ
һҶľżһ㣬˲ͱߡ
ѪѪɫ䣬̧ͷ˹ȥҶѾڹߡԭղų־Ҷ˾Ȼǹˡ
ٺ٣Сӣ֪ߣҿҪ㣬Ѿ㵱Ҿа̵ˣһǷֿǿ϶׷Ź㡣˱ߵֵĹߴҶ塣
ǸĶ֣ҲߵĻֻһҶ崫
ٺ٣̫СϷˣһǣ
˹ЦȻҶˣսҲŹһˡ
Ϸڣ˭ҲߣЦ
˭˵Ҫӣ˺ٺٹЦȻһһöȻ֣ڹ硣
꣡򱻹飬һ飬һ嫵ѹȻѪųǣѹʹǻԪҲҪΪ֮սΪ֮
һӿһ߳죬жʱһ޴ޱȵУתɫ䡣
Ҷ̧ͷˣɫ԰ףûаѪɫһ߱ʬ塣
ʬˣˣɫ䡣
ϳɱˣ˹ΰݡ
ϣҶһⱻΪʬˡˣȻǾа̵ʮ֮һ
ɱңƾʬ˵Ļ»ɱϷ򡣡Ц
δ˵ʬ˺ȻЦٺ٣Ҫɱ㣬һ߻ӡ
δ䣬ʬ̧һָԪ֪Ŀռϯ۳ָӡѹ
һָ£ѪųǶΪ֮һ˲³ɣ˶񱩵Ԫѹڵأ޷ٴη˾㤣ֻʬ˵һ߻


210 ȸ̫
ۿʬһָɱüĺȻͷųͷģݻн󣬾޽ƿննɱʬǵ˵ָ
¡޽ģָ޽󣬼ɱ
ɫ䣬æˣӶǧɫ˿ͬʱ
¡ɫ˿ȫѣʬһָţƺһһɳȥ
Ѫڵɫ׷׾䡣
ʦԺнҲ˶ѡʬЦЦУȻһӰʧ
ߣһЦת˴ͼ̨Ҷͻս
¡ͼ̨𶯣⻪Ҷ˲䱻ҫ۵ĹâСâɢȥҶѾʧ
ѪɫĿŴͼ̨Ȼɫ΢䣬֣
ವһ׹ķѪ˺Ѫ
ȻԶзɳһڣǾаʮϡ
ͻȻ֮ˣ˿̵ɫ԰ףŴ·Ѿ飬¶һɫ˿ʱ¡
֣û°ɣѪʵ
Ȼ˵ˣûд󰭡ĿһֵҪԺ͵ı£ѾǸˡ
֣ʬôǿ𣿡Ѫݡ
аʮϣĸͨˣɫ
֣ѾˣǸô죿Ѫʵ
ٺ٣ͼ̨Ҷһֽţ͵صƫҲ֪ǻᱻ͵ʲôطһЦ

ڣҶ˸֪ͼ̨Ѿֽš
Ҷ屾Ķ󣬹ĸЦȻĶУѾֽţƾڵĶˡ
˵ʲôҶɫ䡣
Ѿ˶ֽţһ¸Ķ϶һͻУʱ򣬾ҲҲ뿪ĳ·ĸѡ
Ҷɫһ䣬˸Ķ뷨
ʱ⻪һŤҶ塢ˡսƾճһУ졣
ʲôطսɫһ䡣
ͼ̨ӦñֽšĿһ
϶ı˴·ߣսɫһ
֪ʲôط𣿡Ҷ忴Źˡ
ֻҪﻹ֪ʲôطѡһһұȻ֣ʱ֣һҴƯϿգâ䡣
ȷϱҶͻսҲ˱
ಣƿշߡ
ϣ˸Զãã޼ʵԭʼ֣ɫһ䡣
Ĺ֡սɫҲˡ
ûȷʵĹ֣뿪ǵ鷳ʹˡء
ĹʲôطҶ忴Ź˺ͻս
ߣ֮س˹Ȼ֪ȻĹҲ֪սıҶһۡ
ҶЦûսĻ
ʱ˵Ĺ¥ʥĽ֮һ֮һ;סĹ֡
棡Ҷɫ䡣
Ϊɲ⣬Ҳ֪˶£ʹҲ׵ǡħˮɴҶ塣
ħˮɴҶʱһ̶ХҶ̧ͷȥֻǰͷųɫ⻪ɫ⻪Уһƥ׳ŻƽսڡϳǸƼݵߣʲô֮
ƽսϰһʽ׵꣬òʣǴаЦԱ¶ޱȵˡǸ꣬Ůӣ϶ŨҵȻǶ֮ˡ
ƽս֮󣬺Ȼǰ˸ţ׵Ĵ󺺣˸󺺱ͨϢˣȻȫǻԪޡ
̫ȱټʹӣ̫ӵʹӺˡƽսϵ꿴Ҷ˴Ц
Ļսɫһ
սĹ֣뿪˵սɫˣ˺Ȼս
սɫ΢䣬Ȼ֪ĹڣϵȨǰð˸Ԫͷ϶С
ٺ٣ǿǺûУҿҪǣǲԸ̫ӵĻֻ·һаЦ
ûѡˡĻսתͷŹ˵
ͷȻҪֵĻͱøɾⱻ޷֡
ٺ٣ģҳֵĻߵĻҲûУսһЦƿշȥ
̫ӣǰ˸Ԫͬʱȣ嵽˻ƽս֮ǰ
˸ѣҲסӣǲ֪սмһȭԪϯޱȵɽ壬ѹֻޡ
ֻ޴ͬʱţţײɽȥ

Ԫɽͬʱ飬ͬʱǰֻţҲɣţǵ۶ϡ
Ҷ屾ΪǸ־壬ҶԾǣû𾪣ȻںŮ࣬·ʲôҲûһ
ʱսЦȱֻúʣ
ЦУսǵıƽսȥ
Զ˺ȻüͷԽԽòԾҲоʵ̫侲ˡǿ̣겻ô侲
굽ʲộü
ȻǸϳ߻ڣĹĵֲ̣һҰ
˵֮䣬ߺȻ̧ͷһսһ£վƺʱһ㡣
սͫһæˣǳˣԪĴѾѹ
սһķɡ
ɫһ䣬һӣһס˻սѻս˱ϡ
һĻҶɫһ䣬Ϊʲôô侲ˡ
̫ʹӣĪҡϷ򶼿Ϊ̫Ӹϳ̫ӵͣҲûǡǸϳ߿Źˣ˵
ٺ٣иıˣҲҵʹӣǸȻаЦ
ԣ˺ͻսɫü
ҶɫҲˣɲ
Ȼ̫Ǿ͸̫ɡϳߵ˵
ٺ٣֪ʲô𣿡˹Ц
ٺ٣Ĺ֣˭˶Ҫ̫ӵġȻһЦ
ٺ٣ĹҾа̿սĻܰǿѺˡһЦ
а̣ĿһЦаΣĹҲҿȸһĻ
ȸһ壡ɫ΢䣬ǿȸĺˣ
ٺ٣㻹еʶһЦ


211 
ȸ棬֮һ˵Ѿ˾꣬лһΪ졣ʹʥҲɴ˿Ŀ¡
Ĺ֮ڵ棬ǿȸ棬˵ĹֶǿȸΧʹǾа̵ˣҲԴĹ֡
Ҳѹֿȸ̫Ӳѹ˺ͻսϾĹ֣ǿȸһ̫ӡ
̫ӲǲǾа̵ˣ֮˭Ҳ뿪Ĺ֡ȸ̫ӿҶˣ촽а
ߣǾҪǵܲˣЦȻһ˺ɫģɫһ֣ʱ˷
ء
ɫдɭëȻ
лᦣǸϳɫһ䣬Ӱһ˿ȸ̫ǰ
ڸϳߵڿȸ̫ǰʱ򣬹һչлᦣʱ죬λӺзɳȸ̫Ӷȥ
һʱ䣬ؼ˾㤵ı
ǸϳߵıȻֳһӰ߰ѻƽսΧлзɳλһߣͱϵĹâûɢ
˹Целٴһչֻλͬʱȸ̫Ӻ͸ϳߡأλ껯һߵľˣץϳߡ
ϳߣһӭȥ
¡𶯣ϳߺ˰벽λľҲ˼
ߣϳ߱λľȻסˣתͷҶͻս˵
濴ĹֵˣӼһɱһսЦһͣȶߣĹ֮ȥ
ߣ˴һӣһסҶֱۣţҶ壬ҲĹ֮ȥ
ߣǸϳЦһһλ껯ľˣŸһץԪڣɾߣɱҶ͹˶ȥ
ɫһ䣬ٴһչлᦣλɳ߶ȥ
ſһ̣λ궼˿ڣλ󣬾ſҶȥ
Ҷɫһ䣬ʥͼֵߣǾʱ
һɫʯײھߵԴϣ߱ޡ
ڳ˷׷ɫ䣬Ҷ̧ͷȥʱһˣ
û˵ǰһ˲Ҷǰ˵ôãҵˡ
δ䣬ץסҶϵһ˲顣ոշ飬һӣڣ˲Ҷ
û˷ӦѾһɫƿշߡ
˭ֱҶ屻˴ˣ˺ͻս˵ɫźȻһ䡣

ʱѾ֮⣬ֵǣҶȻڡ
Ȼ˴һӣڣɢȥ֮Ҷƾճ֡
ˣҶ幰ллǰȣ
û˵ҶһȻָ֣ΪҶҶüġ
Ҷ治ɫĿˣûл֡
˵ָҶüͣЦΪʲô֣
ǰɱңΪʲôҪ֣οǰȹһΣҸӦû֡ҶһЦ
ٺ٣ȤЦҿɲ֣ͣٲֵĻǻ˵ġ
δ䣬ٴγָ֣ΪҶ塣
ҶĿһˣľն˵ָȥ
ָбľײ𻨡
Ҷʱоֱһ飬еľַɳ
ҰѹƵ¾㾡ܳȫǣعʲôһЦֱֱָҶüġ
Ҷû֣ӽݺᣬ꣬˶ȥ
ãһЦָջȦ

ͽײ
ȻҶĽȻ죬籩㣬ϴɱˡԶԶȥĽѾŰΧ
ҶġʮһһޱȣȴκβˡһֱûֻǷѣȴҶеʮֱ
֮˺ȻּסҶľ
һЦɿҶľ
㽣ǰֵһᡣҶ˵˵ĽȷʵǳԵ
ǺǣˣҲǱЩ¶ѣ㵽ͣʤʮһЦо֮ɫ
΢٣ֵ֪̫׽̵Ѿͨ˭ɱ㣬Ի̫׽ϯλáкܶ˶Ѱ䣬Ҫ˿ǱȱȽǡ
ǰҲˣҶɫһ䡣
ûлشҶĻЦòҪ򣬷򣬷ǵܱסԼߵҲܵ
Ҷٴɫ䣬˵ûĸϳֻ֣ܿԼԼܸ̫׽̿⡣
Ϸ˵ɱ̫׽̳װ֮ӡ̫׽̵һ㣬ͻ뾡ѷءк̫׽̿ʵǧ̫׽ӲӲٴѡ
ҶĿһȻ˹˵Ļ̫׽̵ıܲ򵥡
ˣϷҶԣƾ츳ʱգڣûĶ֡Ϊ磬ǿ̫׽̵ҵ㣿˻˵
Ҷɫ䣬˵Ļܴ
ˣϷĻԾڴˣ㻹ĻϷԴȥЦ
ǰҿһ𣿡Ҷ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ҴһŻڣһйūŮӡҶ˵
Ҫ󲢲ѡЦ
лǰҶ嵱ȡһᣬüͷųͷھд֡
д֮ҶѾύˡ
Ϸ͵ϵġһЦתƿշߡ
ԶȥıӰҶ˵˭
Ӧڵˣ𣿸ղʱõڵħˮɺȻڡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ȷʵֻӵҵֵ˲ʹղҲ˵Ӧڵˡ
˾Ȼָ֣û뵽ħˮһЦ
ΪʲôҡѵǡūҶɫһ䡣
ղ˵Ƿǹū˵ģԱʵ֮ٻ򡣡ħˮɲ²⡣
ūģҲʧ
ҶڷЦһʱ򣬱ض̤ƽ̫׽̣
ʯɱˣҶĲΪˣ
Ҷ岻ٶԶƿշߡ
Ĺڴޣٶȥ϶Σգɲȸ̫ӡ


212 
Ĺ֮ԭʼܲٳǳص׺룬ʹƬĴسƬĴ½¥ʥ
ʥ֮ڣǿ콾ǱȱȽǣ֮ȡ
ʱֵ磬ĳУһ֧ʮɵĳʻڹŵϣԶĳǳؽɣʮɫװ껤ųӣЩϢ񣬲¾ûߡ
ǰһʮĴĿⲻתܣʲô
ȻзһӰӵ˷׷ɫ䣬̧ͷзˡ
ಣеڳӲԶЦλˣȥĳǳأ֪ʲôطߣ
ͻȻֵˣȻҶ壡ҶĹֳǡ֧ӣͷ·
һֱǰߣò˶þ͵ˡΪ״󺺴Ҷ壬Ц
лҶһЦתȥһЦȻٺ٣ԭǸĵˣѹûȵǡ
ЦɲǣʮӰҶͳΧ
λ˵ʲôʵΪ״ɻĿŰΧˡ
ٺ٣װˣҵˣǱչزϼһ֮⣬Ҽÿ˶
ȺɢһĻ߳ЦЦĿΪ״󺺡һ֣жʱһŨҵѪζ
ʵڲ֪˵ʲôҲʶʲôҵˣӦϴˡΪ״ҡҡͷ
ٺ٣ҵԼﲻҳԼݣػᱻһЦ
Ϊ״ɫ΢䣬ܿͻָƽЦѣҲ֪˵ս˭Ӧϴˡ
ٺ٣㲻ϣҲ̧֣֣˸նɱĶ֡
˵Ļո䣬ʮ˾ͬʱ򳵶Ӷȥһ˾ȻɱҶ壡
ҴˣҲǵˣҶ忴ųĺˣ˵
ٺ٣Сӣӻ˵Ļ𣿡ǺЦꪣɱҶ壡
ҶߣӰһܿ˺˵ĳꪡ
Ǻɫһ䣬תҶ壬ҶѾȳ֣һǽָ羢ĺԡ˰һز
ɱ˺Ҷ屻û뿪˼սɱڡ
˵һ飬ҲʶǡҶ俪ڡ
ٺ٣ԭҵ˶Щ̰֮˼ЦͬʱɱҶȥ
ҶЦʩչӰٲ˸֮˵ʮ֮⡣
̧ͷҶ壬ͬʱɫ䣺Ӱٲ
˵ĻҶɫҲˣ˾ȻϳӰٲ
ʱ˾ɵǾõˣ
ãҶɫ΢䣬ѵ¥ʥС䡱֣ѵú;Ժʲôϵɣ
Ҷı飬ɫ΢䣬ѵ˲Ǿõˣ˲ǾõˣΪʲôᾫõġӰٲ
ݵľɺһЦСӣ㵽ʲôˣΪʲôᡶӰٲ
ЦΪʲôᡶӰٲҪǽ𣿡ҶЦ
ǸҶ廰ĺɫһ˵ߵĺ˺ȻڣɱõϵġӰٲ˵
ٺ٣˵ûӰٲǾõĲ¥ʥǰǵõĻ϶ʹǡ
˹ЦսͬʱɱҶ塣
ҶЦʩչӰٲ廯Ӱת˲֮ӵ
˻ûзӦҶѾֱǼϣ˶ʱеһɾ޴ѹڼϣţ˽һͬʱڵء
꣡Ҷס˵Ĳӣ͵˵Ĳ˲ͱϣ
¡
ҶոɱˣԶʹһĺ
Ҷ̧ͷȥԶǸһƺΪ״󺺣Ϊ״ƺһײ׹Զ
˵ʵǿº̫׽̸ƽеһȡҶĿһ˸ĸоͺ̫׽̸ƽ̸ĸоһ˵ǰ˵ΪӦò̫׽̸ƽ
ͿԿ̫׽̸ƽһĸ֣ʵҶԾ¥ʥǿߣô
սȻ˸Ϊ״󺺣ʵ
ٺ٣ˣүѾˡΪ״ˣЦ
ɫһ䣬תͷǼ̧һӣԪУɱ
ȫ飬촷ۣھȻһҲûС
ڣɫһ
ٺ٣үѾˣˡΪ״Ц
ߣߣӰȻһ˸ûӰѾ˴ǰץס˴󺺵ĺ
˵ȥʲôطЦ
û˵ֻЦݵĿˣоǳ֮ɫ
ߣΪ˵û𣿡Цĥֶκܶ࣬㲻˵
ԿսһüͷͲ֮ˣսЦ
ߣҾͻ֪ʲôܡЦһתͷǣ˶ɱˣһڣ
ǣǹӦɱ򳵶ӵĻŶȥ
Ҷüͷһ壬ЩˣЩ˰˲ŹҲó֣˾
Ȼһ˴Ҷָ繴ͷץҶ壬Цٺ٣Сӣ
ɱңûǸʸ񣡡Ҷߣ벽һǱȭ˳ȥ˺ѡ
Ǻɫ΢䣬ڰһ۵֮ʮ֮⡣ȻûȺ˷ӦҶ岻֪ʱѾںǰһն¡
ãɫ䣬æϵսǰ
ľս֮ϣֱһ飬һģڵء
ûȺվҶٴγһľ˵ĺѺ˶˵ϡ
ԶǸץסս˿Ҷ׾նɱԼ£ɫһ䡣
үߣսȻҶһͬʱһȭ˶ȥ
Ǹɫһ䣬ֽ֣ץסսȭͷһսȭͷ˲ͱ顣
ҵҶսĻɫ䡣
ٺ٣û뵽죬ȻΪڳ档Ǹ촽
˵Ҳ죬𣿡ҶһЦ
ٺ٣ȻšЦ
Ҳ˵˵ʲô㶼ҵ졣ҶЦ
ٺ٣ҪˣʲôˣڣûκλߡЦ


213 ĻѪ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ΪˣȷʵûߵĻᡣǹĸϳְҲ֪ĸ벻֡
Сӣһǣʱᶯ㣬ˣеĻɾͱĺˡЦ
ǣҶ岢֪ʲôط
ʱһǬâէһŷ׭ǬɳҶüĶȥ
ҶܣǸ˺Ȼߣ̧һץԪ͵ѹҶ壬ʹҶ޷ವһ׭ҶüĶȥҶʱоڵѪȻֹͣת
ٺ٣ѾˣȰòǿгӡɡһЦ
Ҷɫһ䡣
Сӡ˷Ը¡
ǣܹܣ˹ӦߵҶߡ
ٴμ׭սΪҲӡˣһ£ٺЦߣ
˵꣬ѾѺҶս
ĸûа취ƽӡҶȻʥͼеĹĸ
ٺ٣Լƽӡİ취𣿡ĸЦ
ңҶ岻⡣
쾵㿴ġá󡷰ڵķӡӡˣĸЦŴ
ҶĿһûȷʵƽӡһ뵽͵ͷóɡ󡱣üĴķӡӡ
󡱰Ҷ岢û͸Ѿܷӳһܡ
⿪˷ӡҶ岢û϶ߣϾʹʹ¥֮ҲܿˣȴõĻᡣ
ǵʲôطΪʲôҪץסǽˣҶȻս
սҶһۣûлشҶĻ
ҲҪסҶЦŴ
Ҳ뺦㣬Ϊ˱סǵĵλҲò²ߡս
ҲĻʲô˼Ҷ崫
㲻¥ʥ𣿡촫ʵ
ǲ¥ʥˣҪ˵й𣿡Ҷ巴ʡ
¥ʥˣû˵ǡս
ûȷʵ¥ʥˡҶЦŴ
ѹ֡ս¥ʥĴ֮һ½ҵĸ֮һڹĸĸ֮ϣ½γĳϡ
¥ʥĴ塭Ҷɫ΢䡣
¥ʥ򣬹а˸¥ʥ˴֮УĴռĸս
ǵĸ֮һ½ҡҶ崫
ûսǵĸһֱ̲ǰĸ֮仹ܱƽ⣬ڣҵˣһֱڱչˡ
ԣûԸҡҶ崫
û¹ÿĴһμȣһûκ˽ǰͱǡ
һʲô˲һҶ崫ʵ
ʮ֮£ǵϵյӣһսش
ûв´ǵүӦþһҳսҶ崫
ûүȷʵҳսսش
뱣סԼĵλҶЦŴҺܲˬ
ģսӽģϾս
ߣҪʲôοѾѱѾǸˣһĲֵҶЦ
һ᳢Գ忪ӡȻס̣ʱܲܵͿԼˡս
ߣΪҲ֪ʲô𣿡ҶЦˣǿ϶᲻ϧһд׷ɱңһ͸ӰȫˡʹûߣҲ˶ụ̆һŭ֮ɱңԿ԰Ȼķǡ
սɫ΢䡣
սı飬ҶЦ
ʱǽС̡˵ĻѪڵˡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻǰȻһƬޱ޼ʵѪѪвѪɫڶɷ졣
ĻѪˣСĵ㣬˴ܾعһǿɾ鷳ˡ̿һ£ɫȻ˵
ǣܹܣһں˹Ӧ
̵˵ͷתĻѪȥ˽ĻѪߵͷϣҶ忴һҸߴɣɵĴ󴬣һǿҵѹȸС
̵ȵ˴󴬣Ҷ˽
ϣ̴Ҷ봬գޱȣͺ¥һ̨˽Ԫʯȡ˼öҶ²㴬ȥ
ܿ죬̷ԸػţԼҶս˷䡣һ뷿䣬̾ϴûиҶս˵仰
ܴ͸ԿѪ⣬ǽвٿ׶׶вͷųŨԪ
ŨԪҶ尵ԾݵĳԾҶҲ£սҲ֮
ĻѪʲôطΪʲôǲֱӷɹȥһ£Ҷʹս
ĻѪĹһ¥ʥյ֮һսĻѪѪ˵ΧҴĻһѪˣʹҲĿܡ
Ѫ壡Ҷɫ΢䡣
Ѫǿʵ¥ʥ˴󳬼ս
ΪʲôҴڣͲѪˣҶ岻⡣
ΪҴǾõģоõĳѪǿҲҵﾫõˡս
áҶüʵҲ¥ʥ˴󳬼֮һ𣿡
ûȷʵ¥ʥ˴󳬼֮һս
⼸ļҶ档
Ĵ;⣬ʥڡѪšϵȣ˸塣սҲ˴󳬼ɵͳ¥ʥģɲֹֹ塣
¥ʥ򡭡ҶĿһʥʥǿʵȱȽǣȫȵġ
ˣ㵽ǴĸģսȻʵ
ңҶЦŴǴġ
򣿡սãȻ¥ʥٸȺôû˵򣿡
ֻǸµСѣû˵Ҳ֡ҶЦ
սĿһȻҶ˵ĻҶڻɱ֮ʱչֳս츳ԲµС߳ˡ
ҶῴսʲôЦЦûнͣǱǣ̻ôԸǣ
үҪЮ棬ԣʱӦòԸǡս


214 
ҵ棬ӦòǺذɣҵ˸ûбҪôɵҶ崫
Ϊɲ⣬û֮ǰǵڶ֣ڳԣʹˣǶҲǳɵս
սҶʱһЦҶڵķ䣺ٺ٣νݣû뵽Ҳˡ
㶼ΪʲôһĮŴ
νݣҶɫһ䣬ʱ˵ĸ֣ͬʱԸħˮɣһСˡһνݡ
νݡ֣̺Ȼ˫ۣصνݣ
صνݣҶɫ΢䣬ⱻ̳Ϊصνݡ֮ˣǵȥ׷ɱħˮɵ
νѪŵˣѪνݱΪص뻯սȻҶ塣
Ѫŵӵʲô֣ҶĿһʵ
Ѫ֣ս
ȻҶɫ΢䣬ѾԿ϶ġνݡǵȥ׷ɱħˮɵˡ
ʱνݵӴ洫ѩˣǶĻѪǲȱȿ˭ҵǶ
ãҵҪ⼸Ϊ׽˶١ѩЦ
ʲôҶսܾɡ
ѩˣĻѪ֮Ҳûгû´ĻѾѪˡν˵룬ǶҲӦѪ֮֡
ѪΣѵ˲ɣѩ˴Ц
ĳѪ壬ͲĻѪˡνݵڡ
λôȻһЦҶڵĴ󴬣˲
ϵ˷׷ɫ䡣
ѪˣսתͷŴ⣬ֻԶѪзɳˣȫѪɫۣɫֽܼ⣬ȻһѪɫ
ҶҲתͷ⣬ҲѪ֡Ѫĸ֮⣬ڴ⿴ˣѪϿգһνݣһ£ʮ꣬š
ӦþѩˣŰˣҶһ
ʱνݿѪ֣ʵǰһ˵ĻѪǲϣ
ٺ٣νݣˣĻѪѪšΪ׵ѪֹЦ
вңνЦ
ٺ٣ǿûвκˡΪ׵ѪЦֻλѪĵ̡ѪȥѪţֻȥʥڵĵҪˣλҲ˽ɣ
ٺ٣ϵĶǺҪǽ첻ѶֻӲˡѩһЦ
ߣѩˣδҲ̫ˡΪѪɫһ
ٺ٣ѩĳǽ֪𣿡ѩЦ
Ѫֵɫͬʱȥ
ȻһϵЦԶѪдǻǰ˽ɣѪ֮ˣʹõǶҲûжô
Ҷ뿴ֻ֮һһͷţ̤ˮѪ
Ѫ˵׵õʲôȻҲˡ̿ţɲǣɫ䡣
սɫҲһ䡣
˭Ҷ忴սʵ
ϵȵĳ֮һ֮ھ¥ʥ򡣡ս
ϵȡҶɫ΢䣬Ҳܺ棬Ѫ嵽ʲô¥ʥ˴֮Ȼ
⣬ѪֿɫѿѪźʥھѾĪѹϵȵ˾ȻҲˣǵѹ
ѪûʦҲ޷ʹõǶҲûôȻˣΪʲôǶǡȻЦ
ٺ٣˵ûѩЦ
ǿԽ˱Ͼץסģǲ۾Ѷߣ²аɡΪѪֹЦ
Ҫʲôνݵڡ
ûҪʲôֻҪǵҪ̫֣ǶԴӦǡЦ
˻ϵ˰²⣬Ѫ˵׻ʲô
Ѫ¸ͲҪϵĶĿģؾǸνסҶһ
ʱΪ׵ѪֺȻЦֻһϵĶҲֻһǵװ˽˭
ٺ٣ûˣȴֻһǵװѶ˭һѪЦ
ҿˣ˭źǾͰѶ˭ѪֽЦ
Ѫ˻ǽƻϵѪ֮˵ĻЦ
ٺ٣ʥڵѩΣܻܲȡϵĶѩȿڡ
ѩΣѪǰһʥڵѩΣû˵
ڣսҶ壬ѩλ¥ʥʮ֮һǳ󣡷ѩ֮󣬿԰׹ϱ
׹Ҷɫ䣬ʥھȻֱҲó
ʱȻЦٺ٣ϷԸóһöƷҩƷҩļֵλغ
Ʒҩ˷׷ɫ䣬ƷҩļֵԲѩΡ
֪˵ʲôҩΪѪЦʵ
ƾЦ
Է׷ɫ䣬ȻƷƾóʵ𾪡
ƷƾԲͻ󾳵ĻᡣҲ𾪡
̵ĻҶɫһ䣬û뵽ƷƾȻͻ󾳵Ļᡣ
ѪĻɫҲˣõƾѪ˵ֻһ󾳾ͷ
ãѪ˿ҪѶˣѩɫһ䡣
ʱνݺȻڣԸѶѪţѪǷѪһ飬ԺѪʲôΣգѪűض㾡ȫ
Է׷ɫ䣬ѪžȻϴӦѪĶ˵ǳҪ
ѪνݵĻҲ׷ɫ䣬ѪܸѪˣõĺôԲѩκƷҩϾѪſ¥ʥ˴󳬼֮һʵҪǰС
ʥҲԸѪˣѩЦ
ϷҲԴϵȺѪˣҲЦ
˷׷ɫ䣬Ѫﵽʲô󳬼ȻϿôź
ʱһĮӴϴ˳ȥνݣѩˣ𣿡
νĮɫһ䡣
˭ǸѪˣǸ¥ʥΪУλÿĮ
ãҶɫһ䣬õ˾Ȼǿƣʵ𾪡
Ҷ֮ʱЦϵܣôֻȨ֮ƶѣĸѪˡ
֣˵ûôֻȨ֮ƶѡѩһЦ
νݿҶڵĴ󴬣˵֣ǶԲ˲֣˭ǶǶ˭ģ


215 ޵
ٺ٣ԭҲȻ˵ĻϵĶͽˡ
ΪѪֺȻЦһӣһǬҶڵĴ󴬶ȥ
ոհǬ׳Ѫ־ͻһѪѪ֮С
ν˷׷ɫ䣬Ҳû룬ͬʱ֣ץǬ˳֣춯أԲڵԪʱÿޱȣҴ󴬶𶯣ʱпܳѪ֮С
ӣ
Ҳ֪˭ȺһҴ󴬡
ߣĿһӳ˷䣬Ҷս
ת˲֮䣬Ҷ˾ͳ˼װ֮ϣͬʱҲ½˼װϡ
λȻҾõĴĳȻλ¡
Ȼһ˶УĿȥʱװǰиˡ˿ֻʮ꣬òţʲ
˿˵˲䣬˵ͻȻͷųɫââ˲סҴ󴬣ָֻƽȡ
̧ͷһס󴬵ɫĻȻɫ׹γɵģžϴ˶С񱩵Ԫɫ׹֮ϣʱɫ׹ⷴ
ҶҲ̧ͷɫ׹⣬ɫ׹УоϢǿǵһμ
¡
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ۿǬҪڵУװϵ˺Ȼ֣ɫ׹ŷ֣ץǬ
̧ͷɫ׹γɵ֣׷ɫ䣬ÿµ
Ҷ忴ˣɫҲˣ˵Ѿ˵أţң̶ֳȵţԲͨġ
˳ˣɫһ䣬ݵɫϺȻͷųɫ⣬ÿⶼֱôִͷų󣬵һֵɫ⻯âնɱ
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ղõ似ϵȵĵؽ似ϵն𾪵
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ҶĿȥֻѩǬȥһԲǧڵѪ˲ͱ⡣ͬʱԭѪеǬҲ˲䶳ᡣ
ѩ֣˷׷ɫ䡣
ۿǬҪѩУνЦһƷѪһ
ˢνһնѩˣݺᣬһǿĵľ
ߣѩЦбѩ磬۳ɽһӭȥ
ײϯ˷ҶڵĴ󴬶ʱƵǧ֮⡣
ڴ󴬱Զʱ򣬵ȻӾţϷǬȥͬʱװϵҲ˹ȥ
ȻһЦٺ٣ⶫһ޵ģ
Цɲǣһ޴ޱȵĻһ֣ʱ죬Բǧھһ
һڱ󴬵֮ϣ˲
籩꣬к󴬣
װϵ˷׷ɫ䣬æӡ
ߣץסҶ壬Ҳ˴󴬣༸˴ս
ڴϣӳһת˲֮䣬Ѿǧٿס
Ҷ̧ͷǶɫһ䣺֣
еĻ򿪣һɫ۵Ŀ룬һΧת
޵˺νݵ̧ͷеӣɫ䡣
УǬĶҪˡ޵һЦץǬ
֣֣ǶԲڰ˴ѩ˿ˣɫ
ãǱΪС˵ͷȳ޵ȥ
νݺ͵Ҳɱ˻޵
ٺ٣Σ޵һЦµĻһתǧĻϯ˷
е˷׷׳֣ɫ䡣
¡˵ĹȫڻĻ֮ϣ˲˺˻Ļ죬Ĵ䡣
ӣ˺ȻæתԶ
ߣҲҶ˷Զ
һЩûüߣʱУ˲仯촷ۡ
ÿµĻ棡Ҷͷűˣа
ݵĳԾҶ忴ǰ̣һ뿪ĺûᣡ
תͷսҶ崫ҿ԰⿪ӡס̣
ʲôƿҵķӡսһ
ûҶ崫
ҿԴӦ㣬һæս֮󣬱ȥһǣҲμᡣ
ߣ㻹ҵүҶЦŴ
ֻҪҳսսΣҾ㡣ս
Ӧûס̣ʹҰ㣬ߵĻҲ󡣡ħˮɺȻҶ塣
ԣҶ崫ս˵ãҴӦ㣡
ڿʼսģսΪϿҡ
Ҷûж˵ʲôüĺȻͷųģĻһһɱսߵļˡͬʱֻ󡱣һսüġ
һжڵʯ֮䣬սߵļ˸ûзӦһһѾɱǰ
ãǷ׷ɫ䣬æһһ
ںǳֵʱսķӡѾ⿪ӡһ⿪սͳ̶ȥһӡ
תųսɫ䣺ôܣ
Ҳû뵽սҶȻܽ⿪ķӡ
ݵ𾪺ЦһѪìսȥ
սҧսȫһ졣
Ѫìսײغ
սƺһĺ˼
̱ɱսǾʱȻҶѾԶߡ
ãһæ׷ȥ
̣սڣҲߣ
սǰЦһ
֪ߣѪìɱսȥ
ս޾壬ӵӭȥɱ
̺ս֮ʱǳҶߵķȥȻȥ׷Ҷȥˡ

֮⣬Ҷ߶¥֮ĻѪϿա
¡¡Ҷ屳󣬺ϴ
޵ʲôˣĴĳƺҲκβҶľ
ֻ޵ǰ˴֮һڰ˴֮Уħˮ˵
˴ܣҶɫһ䡣
νݶֵǸˣҲǰ˴֮һħˮֵ
ˣҶĿһˣֶξˣʹȺ


216 
Ҷħˮ˵ʱʮ׷Щˣ̵¡
ٺ٣ܲģΪ׵ĺ˹Ц˴ʮ꣬ʵˣ֮⣬ΪߣΪѾǻԪڡ
ĻҶ岻Ц׷϶ߣһû
ٺ٣ҵΪ˺ܴĹ򣬾Ȼб㣡о̰֮ɫŵСӣѱһһ
׷ҵĻҾͰѱ㡣ҶЦ߶¥֮Ѫɳ۶ȥ
ߣС֣ΪбҾ׷𣿡Цȫ׷ȥ
ಣಣҶ˲ûѪ֮У˸͸Ҷˡ
ѪҶĿһѾӦѾ׷ˡ
䣬ҶǬȡһԪʯա׳ԪʯͬʱҶüͷųģķԪʯԪʯ
ʯ֮䣬һ󡱾ͳڰУԪʯΪҪҶٿҲԷӳ
ꡰ󡱺Ҷ編ƣ󣬡̫󡱺͡󡱡̫󡱿չ󡱺͡󡱿ԽйϣжҶԼҲ֪
һ󷨡Ź󡣡ҶɱһȡԪʯͷųͷá
ڣŹҲóɹһǷԲɾŹͼƯҶ£תâ硣ͬʱƯҶͷҲڲͷŹ⻪
ҶͷһŹתԪ˷Ѫ˲䱻Źת˲֮䣬ҶʧѪ֮С
Ҷʧû֮һ˴ԶѪз
֣ղоϢü
ݵľɺԶȥʧѪС𾪵ǣûã˸ȦӣȻٴλصԭء
ô£ɫһ䡣
㲻Ҫҵıô׷ңٲĻҿɾҪˡҶЦص˷
ɫ䣬ĿĹˣѰҶ䣬ҶҲû
С֣ʲôطЦ
ҪҾߣֻ㿴ѡҶһЦ
һѾ֪µԼп˻С
㻹Ҫҵı𣿡ҶЦٴλص
ߣС֣û뵽ϾȻлû´ĻӦϲİɣߡ
˭ҵĲҪҪǣѾȥˡҶЦû㣬ҳƻĻɣ
ߣС֣ŲңЦѪìա
䣡𶯣죬ϯȥȻˡ󡱡
ϯɫһ䣬æˣ˺ͬʱȻѪììӰ졣ϯĺʱѪì÷飬衣
ΪԼѾȫʱ˸Ԫ۳ɰߣͬʱȥ
ãɫ䣬æתѪìɱߡ
ζܿѪìɱɱڡ
ߣЦѪì˲һߵͷ­ߵġ
Ѫìת༸߶ȥìӰ졣

˲䣬о߶նɱ
ǻûļݻһ̫ѹȥ
ҧּ̧Ѫì̫ȥһìƺҪѲ˺һ㡣
䣡Ѫì̫ײѪìӣţеѪìַɳ̫ʳĩ
ಣѪìɲǣµѪУƬīɫҶס֫ʹ˲޷ͬʱǰ˸һ˴ӷзɳһ̴ĺ
ǡ϶˵Ļû˵꣬Ѿ
ҶľѪС
һԪߵңӦòٰɣҶһЦȡǬ
һǬ֮Ҷ߶¥֮Ѫ

ʱҶѾĻѪѰһ졣ϵ죬úþŹ󣬽ŰǬȡǬȡ˼ö
ͷһöҶʱеϢ
¥ʥ˴ʮʥǣʮǣ
ҶпһЩ¥ʥϢ¥ʥӵʮʥǣʮǣÿͳСɺС
Ҳǣ¥ʥĴ֮һ½ҵǡ
ҪΪǳ
¥ʥҪʵ̫ѣҪ˵ΪҪ˵ս
κ߶лΪǳҲлΪʥǳ¥ʥʮʥеİѾ˴ƽռУʮǣҲȫ˴ռС
¥ʥ˴ǿƼ˴֮λʵ̫ѡ
ˮɣ¥ʥҪҪʲôΪҶʵ
Բħˮ˵ԲΪɹǸ󲿷˵󾳳ڲл
󾳳ڣҶɫ䣬ҪΪǳҪ󾳵ΪôΪʥǳҪΪ
ˣ̫׽ʲô¥ʥ˴ҲҪ취£㣡ħˮһЦ
ҶĿһ
òҪô࣬ǾͻƵԪҪħˮ˵
Ҷɫ΢䣬ûؼͻƵԪ
ˣһһҪ㡣ħˮɺȻǧҪ֪ͬʱӵ͵֣УɵֵҲòҪκ˵
ΪʲôҶ岻⡣
㱳ûǿĳЩ֪ͬʱӵ͵ֵĻ˵㲻¥ʥǿ̫࣬Сһ㣬Բǻ¡ħˮɫ
Ҷɫһ䣬ǲ̫ħˮɵĻ
Ϊʱͻ˵Ļʲô˼ˡħˮ˵
ҶüͷղŻ˵ɵҲҪãΪʲô
¥ʥ壬壬а̵ս֮һɵʵ̫죬ᱻΪǾа̵Ѫֻɻ֡ħˮɫһ϶Ǿа̵ˣ鷳ʹˡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ħˮ˵ȷʵе
¥ʥʦ𾴣ҽʦݳ֣ѻֵʱħˮ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ


217 ˴
ҶٴΰͷһöУмصĶ϶ҶûáſһöУĻѪĲֵͼֻҪͨͼͿ뿪ĻѪ
ҶǬ˵ˮɣҪ¥ʥ˴ʵҪЩʲô
˴ʵÿᶨһЩ츳˵ĵӡھǶʱ䣬Ҳ̫ħˮ˵
ͨңϣ˴𣿡Ҷʵ
ҡѵҲμ᣿ħˮ˵
ȻѾӦսȻʳԡҶЦ
ħˮɳĬƬ̣˵¥ʥİʮ֮һȻ˥ܣôҲǵĴ֮һܵõǵƼϣ˴
Ȼ˵ĻھȥǺˡҶĿһ߳˾Ź
ո߳ŹһаЦʹϴˣ㵽˭ȻҪһ޵
޵Ҷɫһ䡣
ˣҸǽֵʱ͵ϮңĪǣĳ˵㲻ɣ
޵аЦԽԽֲѹҶڵĵ죬Ҷѹʯ㱻ѹڵء
ǿϵѹҶ̧ͷգֻһɫԶ֮졣иˣǻ޵
޵ɨӷԲǧƺʲôˣȻĿͣҶϡҶֻǸ¾߶ѣĿܿƿˣ˵Ҷϼûκ
ಣһԶȥ
޵Զȥ֮Ҷ˿ղŻ޵ѹʵ̫ˣ˵ڴǰһ
ҺһûзҡħˮҲ˿
ˮɣǰ𣿡Ҷ档
ҪͷˣѾˣħˮɺ
Ҷɫһ䣬û뵽ħˮɺͻ޵һιڡ
޵˼ɣʹЩǳҲң˳ĺɫֻҪмɫŮӣŹһֵӣħˮֵ
ǸͷΪӦñߺܶɣҶʵ
ͷҲǰ˴֮һڰ˴֮Уڶħˮ˵
˴ܣҶɫ΢䣬ʵ˴ܵЩʲôˣ
ͽڵܣΪܣЩ֮еǿİ˸ˣ˳Ϊ˴ܣħˮɽ͵˴УڶĽ޳޵ֻ֮һλʵ֮ʵܴ󡣡
Ȼ޳ʵԶԶ޵Ϊʲôɱ˻޵Ҷ岻⡣
Ҳֻ֪֪޳һֱ׷ٻ޵޵ΪȻ޳ȴÿζߡħˮ˵
⻨޵ıҲܸߡҶһЦ
޳Ϊɲ⣬ǰ˴ʵҲ޵ıٸߣ˵ҲܴӰ޳ߡţ϶ʲôܡħˮ˵
Ҹ桭˭͵Ϯ˻޵ҶĿһ
ǰ˴ɵҲ˵ħˮƲ⡣
˴˵ʲôҶü
ð˴ʵһĶ϶޼ֱ֮עԵ˵㣬¥ʥܸ˴Ǹ˿Ҳûħˮ˵
ҶһЦûħˮɵĴ
߰ɣ뿪ĻѪ˵ˣ˵ײѪˡħˮѡ
ҶԵ˵ͷüͷųͷģݻ˴󡣴óɹҶ˴ವһʧ
֮⣬˸Ҷӷ߳ţΧķٴݻɴٴ˴У͵֮⡣
Ҷ岻ͨĻѪУٶȿ쵽˼¡ô˼֮Ҷ岻òͣϢ
תڤ빦ݻһһҶͷתԪӿҶڡûãҶֹͣתôٴδ͡
ĻѪ󣬼ʹõĴҲҪüʱܶȹҶȻд󣬿ڶʱڣͬ޷뿪ĻѪ

ĻѪĳϣ˸һӷ߳Ҷ壡
ѾĻѪԵò˶ãӦþͿ߳ĻѪˡħˮЦ
Ҷ˵ȻаЦƯŮӣ
ٺ٣Ѫ֮һԸңԸΪаЦٴδ
࣡ҶĿһϢ
Ѫ۵ѪΧһŮӡ
Ůӿϣڵϣ޳ĻǾޡŮӣԶ۽һϴӹ֮߳飬òʳ˼̻
ʱζ罭ˮµ峺ˮݵţ㣬ɡֻ·伫ٵľŮӡ
Ůӵֻйū͹֮ȡ͹ūŮӸӻ˲ϧ֮Уżûйū
ūԶУҶ忴Ůӵɲǣ뵽˹ūвŮӺ͹ūȽ
ҶʧʱΪ׵Ѫ껺ŮӣаЦ㿼ûУԸĻϰˣóӦ˲Сˡ
Ů̧ͷ׿Ѫӣ¶֮ɫ
ߣѪߵ࣬ӿ㣬Īң֪ô
Ůӻû˵о֮ɫûаѪӷ
ߣѪһתͷĸѪ֮˵ȥطţҪκ˿
ǣĸѪ֮ͬʱͷķ
һѪ֮˷Ҷ壬Ҷɫ΢䣬üĺȻͷųͷݻɴ󡣴һ֣ҶͶ˴֮Уƾʧ
Ҷʧ˲䣬ǸѪ˸պ÷ɵҶԭ֮ء
ͬʱǸѪаЦŮӶȥоͺҪðһ
Ȼûаɫ
ٺ٣࣬ϱӾͻ֪ĸ߰ڱǰһĲֵѪЦһƥһ˶ȥ
ۿ˼裬Ѫǰ˸һӰӷзɳһӷзɳһŮӣץסŮӵۡ
ͻȻ֮ˣҶ壡
Ҷץס˺ϴ߶¥֮һ⣬һ
Ѫһ㶣漴ŭеץס
ѪӵĻĸѪͬʱ׷ȥ


218 
Ҷ˼ٷУѪ֮˽׷ᡣѪٶȺܿ죬ҶȻ¥֮ȻûܰѪˡ
겻ɢҶЦüĺȻͷųͷ˸ݻɴ
˲ĿҶ壬һҲ֪Щʲô
ʱҶһ˴󣬷˸Ҷ˶ɢȥʱҶŮѾʧ
ʦĸѪɫ䡣
ʱѪӴӺ󷽷Ц׷Բˣ
ǣĸѪֹӦ
ಣѪӵ׷ȥĸѪֽ

֮⣬˸˴ӷзɳҶˡ
𣿡Ҷתͷˡ
ҲҶ壬˵ͷ
Ҷ嵱ɿ˵ֱۣȻٴοͷ󡣴ú֮Ҷͬʱ봫ವһͬʱʧ
ͼ֮ҶĻѪߡ
ߣҶȵϰ˽󣬽
Ǹո֣ѪӾ׷ѪӸ׷ȥһѪֺȻ˵ӵ£ǷΪһŮȥĵա
ߣѵЩ಻ɣѪЦ
Ȼǣµ˼˵ǲ֪ͨϣгߣץסǸŮӵĻ϶һЩǸѪ˵
֪ͨϣѪ
ǣǸѪֹͷ

ʱҶѾ֮С
оû׷Ҷͬʱͣ˽Ų
Ҷ忴ˣ˵ˣӦ׷ˣ߰ɡ
һƺûϵҶ˵ֻ
ĵ̣ӦòʲôΣաҶЦ
˻ûü˵ԶкȻһŲ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ŀ˹ȥֻһȺˣΪĸߴò䣬Ϣ񣬸һεѹȸС
ҶߵˣΪǰһֹΪ꣬Ҳˡ
һĨ֮ɫܿͻָƽڳ˭Ҳûע⵽
λѣϼ֮ˣϺƣΪЦ
Ҷ壡ҶЦȻЦȴܾȣû뵽ֵطĴʵ֮һϼҡ
Ȼû˵
Ϻƿˣ뿪ʻҶȻЦãò̫ϲİ˵ǧҪ֡
áϺĿһЦҶ֣ﾭѪ˳ûǾ֮أǲһȥΣ
ǾʹˣãҲȥǡҶЦȻ˿ϴȥǣܾ
ҶĻϺЦȻҶҲҪȥǵĻȥϼ漸գĳһ֮ꡣ
¾ȴ֮ˡҶЦ
ϺƴϲҶ˸ȥǶȥȥǵ·ϣʼնûпڣҶҲû˽̸
ʱҶڵִǡãã޼ʵĴϣ䷽ԲǧģȺϢ
ҶϵܣӦǵһǰɣǺϺתͷҶ壬Цʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ҶϵܣǵˣȥʶʶϺЦ
Ҷɫ΢䡣
Ҷϵܣ˵û˼ˣҸұ֤϶ʧġϺһЦתͷˣЦҶûȤȥʶʶ
û˵ǿҶ塣
һ·ÿϺʱ˾ͻῴҶ壬ҶѾϰˣЦЦϺ˵֣ھȥʶʶɡ
ϺЦŵ˵ͷǰ·Ҷ˽
ûãҶһ㳡㳡ϾˣϺˣæ·ÿţ㳡ϵ˿ˣж˵ò㵹
Ů˭Ȼүһ𣡡˾ɡ
Īү»˲²⡣
пܣ˶϶ӦϺƵŮˡ
Ϻ˵Ļ¶һĨЦݣûע⵽˵һĨ˵ɱ⡣
ˣòŸһʶҶȻˡ
˿ҶһۣʲôҲû˵
ҶЦЦû˵Įһ취һЩ˵ĵҩϣá
ֿҶһۣҶ峺һĨ֮ɫ
ȻϺЦҶϵܣǰ֮һ
Ҷɫ΢䣬̧ͷǰǰ㳡ϣȻһߵľ޴ʯţʯ֮ϳڸĺۼҲ֪⵽ʯŵڴ˵˶¡
ʯűĻڱΣ˿ڵЩʲô
֮ţһ֮ţϺЦŶҶ˵֮һ֮ţ
֮ţҶ忴ǰʯţʵΪʲô֮ţ
֮źʶ뿪壬һ֮壬֮бȫΪԭǲŰʯųΪ֮šϺƽ͵
֮ŵʲôҶʡ
֮һսֻҪɱˣͿԵõԷһ֮ҵõԷӡ֮šһʥءϺЦ
Ҷɫ΢䣬¥ʥȻصĵط
Ҷϵܣûв´Ӧò֮˰ɣϺƺȻʵ
ûȷʵǵˡҶһЦ
ѹҶϵ֪֮ܲšϺЦ¥ʥʮУÿ֮šͨЩ֮ţĸǵˣִܵս
Ҳ˵սֻһȴкܶҶ˵
û¥ʥ򣬹оʮ֮ţʮʥǺͰʮǣÿǳһ֮ţϺƽ͵
ӡʲôҶʡ
ÿ֮嶼һӡõӡԽ࣬ôԽ࣬ȵս֪֮ʲôôˡϺЦ
սӦúΣհɣҶʵ
ĳڣҶϵܸõġϺһЦתͷˣʵҶԸԸս
Ȼû˵ҶһЦ˻ش֣˵Сˣ²ܽսˣ
ʲôϺɫһ䣬æʵҶϲأ
֣ʵ֮ǣΪѰ˵ĵҩҶЦ
֪ˣϺƱҶ廹Ҫæ˵ҶϵܣҪʲôҩ
ƷҩҶĬƬ̺˵
ƷϺƿһۣɫҶϼȻңǲȴƷҩȥȡҩ
Ҷĳл֣Ҷ屧ȭ
Ҷϵܣ̫ˣþҵãһŵҩѣҳݣϺɫ


219 ϼ
ҶϵܣõҪȻȥõ˺֮ս
˵ţϺƵȴ·߳˹㳡Ҷ˽
ϺƺҶͻȻ뿪ˣ˷׷ɻкǲ⡣

ϺƴҶ˸ȥϼҵʱڣһ˴ҹųУҹųڵ˸ûзˡ
ˣȻǼǰҶˡ
磬㡭ҵ𣿡˸ո£һŮӵ
ģѾȫˡתʱһŮӣŮӣȻǹū
ūȲʵ
Ѿ뿪򡣡˵
ūһ䡣
뿪ģӦ֪Σա˻ڡ
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Ҷһϸڣ͸о˷ŨԪϯһƢĸо
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221 ׽̻
ҶϵܣսǺ޳Ҳǰʮ֮һЩ˵вûʲô֣ɱǲѡ΢٣ϺתͷЦҶ㲻ö֣ǾУ
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222 ػ굤
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Ҷ԰ͼʨү
ҪƷҩ߻ʱҾͻ㲻ˡڤ빦ڤ빦ָʨүһЦ廯һ磬ʧ
ĿʨүȥҶⱧ˹ڵķ֮ڡڴϺڴǰϣͷųͷݻһһϷ
¡Ԫϯڣꡣ
̫츳ʩչ󶼻Գܵķɣ֮ôص֮ˣ϶Ϊʩչĳ츳ͨħˮɺȻ˵
츳ͨҶɫ΢䣬ʵʹõĲǵ֮𣿡


223 ʥ
õȷʵǵ֮Ϊʲô츳ͨ㻹ǵѹ֮Լɡħˮ˵
ҶԲٶʣתڤ빦ָ
ʱܿ͹ʨү׼ʱĳڷڣЦСӣҩѾˣ
ҶʨүֻʨүһЦƣһĴָСĵҩȻУâ䣬硣Ũĵ㣬ȫë׶Ϊ֮š
Ʒҩ𣿡Ҷɫ΢䡣
Сӣ֮ҡʨүЦİѵҩҶ壬ת߳˷䡣
ҶһЦֽסҩתߵǰѵҩιС˵ҩ֮ɫ¶֮ɫ
Ʒػ굤ħˮ̾
Ӧò˰ɣҶʵ
Ʒػ굤벻ָѣͷĺˡħˮЦ
Ҷ˿һת߳˷䡣һͿʨүʨүڴ룬ʨүǰȻһɫĵ¯¯вӿȵĻ档
Ҫػ𣬻ҪһϺõ¯ʨү̧ͷҶ壬Цڿʼڵ¯ˣзħ
ħҶ߽ħϸŷħħ֮Ͽӡǣ
𡭡Хӷħд
ʨүħӦҲǱɣҶʵ
ûħȷʵǱֻƷѣɱƷÿԼʨү˵
ңҶһ㶡
ԺһôħƷ˵ʨүһЦĻϸҶ塣
ҶϸʨүĻ֪ʱܿ͹ȥˣʨүڰĻȫҶ塣
˵Ҷ˵ˣԺͰдķѧϰÿһʱ䣬һһοˡʨүһ֣һöҶȥ
ҶֽסЦʨүĺˣһѧġ
ٺ٣ֻŶѣܲѧջÿԼˣѾͷħϵֻҪѪڷħϣħͻΪˡʨүһЦӰһģƾʧ
лʨүҶһЦߵħԣҧָ⣬Ѫ˷ħϡ
ħѪգʱҶоͷħĳϵͷһħȻСüġѷħҶתڵķ䡣
ʲôطҶոս뷿䣬ʹ
ѾˡҶת⣬Ц
ңֱҶ塣
Ҿ㣬ǻػ굤㡣ҶЦ֮Ҫ׽̻꣬ҲΪƻػ굤֮ĵҩɣ
ػ굤һ䣬ȷʵƵҩɲǻػ굤ǱȻػ굤һƷƷҩ굤ҶȻƳػ굤ʵ𾪡
ӦѾȬ˰ɣҶʡ
Щˣʹлػ굤Ҳҽõġ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ļʲô˼
ҳȥҴȥʥȻ˵
֪ʥʲôطҶɫ΢䡣
֪ɱˣǵӡ򣬼ʹ㵽ʥҲȥ˵
ʥҪ󣬾ȻǵõöӡҶĿһЦھߣ
˵꣬Ҷ嵱ת뿪˷䣬Ŀ⸴ӵĿҶıӰһŸȥ

У˸ʥͼƾճ֣ʥͼҶɳ
֮⿴ʥͼ΢䡣
Ҷһʥͼһûüġ
ϾͻָƽҶ˵ߣ
δ䣬ѾתƿշߣҶ
ʱҶһƵĽɫ֮ǰƸɢǧϼʣǧ֮⡣
¡
丽Ӱгǧˣֲϣ쳹
սкܶʥֻһѣ⿴ԶʥҶ˵
ÿˣÿνս֮󣬽ͬһʥĻᶼֻһΡû֪ʥжٲ㡭õӡԽ࣬ܽĲԽߣöӡǽһҪ󣡡˵
Ҳ˵õӡԽܴ࣬ﵽĲԽߣõĺôҲԽ󡣡Ҷ
ûͷ
ڶӡǶ٣ҶĿһʵ
ʮ˵
ʮҶɫ΢䡣
ʮԪߵӡ⿴Ҷ塣
ԪҶɫ䣬ҪɱʮԪߣǳѡ
ңҰɱˣӴǷɫƽ˵ɱˣ۾գһ¡
ɱʮԪ߶ѣԼˡҶһЦ˵ȻԶӰܼ֮ء
һûиȥԭعţʱ׼֡
ǰԪΧԪߣҶԪмһЦ֪Ķɱ㣬ٲĻɱ⣡
ҶһЦľԱΧ˵λǻƴĻ¾ûˣ
δ䣬ҶȻ֣һնɱղźǸԪߣƿնէ
ǸҶĻԪЦꪣӭնɱĽ
䣡նڳ֮ϣǸԪֱһ飬ĺ
һĻ˷׷ɫ䡣
Ҷ֮ǿޱȣȻԪߵսڣ˭ǿ˭֮ԽǿʵսҲԽˡ
ǸҶ˵ĻԪЦճꪣɱҶȥ
ϰˣ㣡һźӵĴҲꪣɱҶ塣
Ҷ޾壬һľݺᣬ꣬նɱ󺺺ǱΪϰˡĻԪߡ
ϰ˺ʹͬʱЦͬʱ趯ꪣ꣬һʱ춼â
䣡𶯰˷ϰ˺ʹƵҶ彣С
ǾʱҶȻһϰˣһϰˣ졣
ϰ˾ꪸ񵲣ľڳ֮ϣǷɽ
ϰΪԼѾȫʱľ֮ϺȻɢҩһƬīɫҶüġ
ϰͫһ
͵һϰ˵һöӡҶС
ϰˣǴɫ䡣
ڴ󺺾֮ʱħˮɵҶһתŴնɱȥ
ɫ䣬æˣѾˣħˮɵҶӸ죬ʯ֮ʹüġһ󺺵һöӡ
ڶҶֽסӡ
ϰˣߣԶҶɱ󺺺ϰˣʣĸͬʱɫ䡣
ȻǱΧеһЦٺ٣ҰĶģ˭ɱ˭ɲһ
˵ʹʮ꣬
ߣĪˣ̫ˣСӿɲĪҵˣǽҰЦ
ĪһЦŲԶҶ壬ЦλѣĪˣǵˣܰɱ˰սǵˣǱл


224 
ǵˣֻ˵ңңҺϼң֪һҵˣҶЦ
ٺ٣ѣĪĳҵĳϡĪЦ
ҵˣҶĿһЦʵҲǵˣ
˵꣬üһӡǣ֮˶еӡ
һĻĪ˴ϲҰͬʱɫ䡣
ѣɱΣ³֮һһöӡĪЦ
ãҶЦŵ˵ͷҪĪ˽ңԣĪһЩͷ
ߣĪˣôĿҰЦʩչ似ԪâնɱĪˡ
ߣĪߣһץһˮͰִľľ
ľâײȻ飬ľм׷ɡ
ľϵ֣ҶĿһ
ȻһսǵһȭҶ壬ȭɽ˷
Ҷľһ˵ȭͷȥ
ЦȭͷϺȻֳһ㵭ɫסȭͷ
ľȭͷײĽҶ˺벽ǸƺһҲ˺˼
Ҷ岻סΣٴγ֣һգһ޴ޱȵĽתųˣ˽׾ŽĽ֮
ɫ䣬æˣͬʱϺȻͷųһ㵭ɫһǽǰ
ײǽ֮ϣǽޡţ˶ȥ֮һȦȦ俪
ɫ䣬æܡ
¡Ȼը쭣˱УһöӡƯڰС
Ҷȥץסӡ
˱ҶɱˣҰɫһ䣬һƱĪˣתߣսǵҲ׷װѸԵĶ֣תߡ
ҶʩչӰٲ׷ȥĪһۣҲŷҰߵķ׷ȥ
ԶһҶȥķȥ
׷ҶʱҶѾնɱǸսǵĻԪߣħˮɰæնɱһԪ߲ʲô¡
սǳս̣ǧҪ֪ɱ˰սǵĳϡ
սӦòԸСɣҶһЦ
˵ԶȻӰҶ뿴ȥΪ֮˾ȻǸӢΰĺ꣬ںˣȻǸղȥ׷ҰĪˡ
Ҷߵ⣬Ǻǰһ̾Ůˣ
ֹǺ꣬Ī˵Ҳˡ
¶֮ɫĿҶ壬ûۿһۡ
ܿ죬Ī˷ɵҶǰĪЦУΪѰɱ˰սǵˡ
ĿⱾһֱͣϣĪ˵Ļɫ΢䣬ҶЦĪУ
Ҷ壡ҶһЦ
ԭҶϵܡĪһЦתͷ⣬ʵ֪
ãҶ˵
ãĪɫ΢䣬ЦԭҶĪĳҲǵˣôû
ǰǡҶЦ
Ī֮ɫܿͰֲ
ʱĪ˺ȻЦҶϵܣ֪ͨһҵսģ
ңҶЦ
ңĪ˵ͬʱɫ䡣
Ҷϵܣ֪λϸģĪĿһ
˼˲׼Ǹκ˵֡Ҷɫ
Ī˺Īеһۣжɻ
Ī֣Ҫȥռӡʹ˸ˡҶȻһЦתߡ
ȻĪЦҶϵܣȻʶҵˣҲԼˣΣ
֣Ҷ¶ԥ֮ɫ
ٺ٣Ҷϵܣһ˵ϾޣǵΧĻʹܳɹѣҲˡֵĻӡĻ϶һЩĪЦ
Īϸ˵ûҶһЦӦĪֵ顣
ĪдϲɲҶֻ֣סѡ
Ī֣֪⸽ЩҶȻʵ
Ҷġ硱ĪвҵæЦҶϵܣʥܶ࣬ʵǿǣ֮⻹ǣǣаսǺ޳ǵǡ
ǣҶɫ΢䡣
ҶϵܡҶǸսǣû˵Ҳ֡Ī˵ʮǵʵǿʵǸݳʵŵģǳϹ֮һ
񣡡Ҷɫ΢䡣
Ҷı飬ĪвٻҶ˵ĻҶȷʵǸոսǣû˵
Ҷϵܣ¥ʥÿܵϷķ֣һǳΪ죡ܱΪֻһǾǷһĪЦ
ϹڵǣΪǣµһǡĪн˵
ٺ٣ҶϵܣԺǵˣҪǡĪЦ
ҶЦ
ҶϵܣԶвɢޣǹģ׶ԸһЩھȥǡĪһЦȷԶ
Ī˽
ҲߣҶ峯һЦȥûҶΪʲôҪύĪеˣҲȥ

ʱҶѾնɱʮԪߣĪΪֺ⣬Ƿǳ󷽣ѴӡøҶ塣
ֹ˸ʱҶռʮöԪߵӡ
ҶռӡʱʥԶӰ˾ȻϹڤǰ꣡
ڶѾռ㹻ӡ㹻ִʥ㣬һΣҪõؽƷ似Ϲڤ԰˵
СϹڡϹڤ֮ͬˡ
ģһõؽƷ似ģϹš
ɴ⣡ϹڤɫܽʥˣԪԲߣŸոͻƻԪǵĶ֡
壬ոͻƻԪʱѾܽʥ㣬ţҲԣϹɫ
ԣϹڤ¶ο֮ɫ
壬˵ڻԪڵʱ򣬾ͿԽʥĲ㣬˵˭Ϲʡ
ʮǰ¥ʥ츳ǿ֮˭ѵ²𣿡ϹڤһЦ
Ϲɫһ䣬ƺµ˭
һԳԽΪĿ꣬ϧ˵츳ʵ̫ǿˡϹڤ̾
壬ǰڵʲôΪϹʵ
ҲϹڤҡҡͷ˵ǰôȥݷùˣ֮Ϊ־˲١
Ϲɫһ䡣
ڶԺͽܣύϹڤɫ
壬ףϹڵ˵ͷȴ¶ս⡣
˵䣬˳ʥȥ



225 ʥ
ϹڤϹڸʥʱҶҲʥ
ʥڿտޱȣԭʼܲĵϢ
Ҷϵܣʥˣ϶кܶӡϵӡʥڶ͵ʲô¡ĪЦܽʥˣûߣǵӡɲǼ׵¡д⣬ԼӡҲпܱˡ
ҶĿһʵ˵ʥ似ͱôʲôҲû
Ҷϵܣв֪ʥڱʵһڡĪһЦ
飿Ҷɫһ䡣
Ҷϵܣʥ֮ڣһ飬ǳأȻûȴǿޱȵǰǳΪʥ飡ʥڵı似ȫЩʥڣֻҵ飬ɱǣܵõڵıԽߣʥԽǿ˵ʥɱߵʥ顣Ī˵
ʥ飡Ҷɫֱ䣬Ҳ˵ʹռ㹻ӡҲδܵõʥڵı
һʥ飬ڻûбֻ似Щ似󲿷ֶ˽Ʒ˽ƷѼĪ˵
ڶ飬ںпֱܳϡС似˽似ܶ࣬󲿷ֶ˽Ʒ˽ƷҲв٣ܶࡣĪ˽˵
ǵأҶʵ
вٱ似ʹǵؽ似ҲСĪĿһ
¡
ĪеĻδ䣬ԶȻҶ˷׷׿ȥֻԶУԪΧһֻͨɢŽľˣ˳ɫף˫쳣ն
ǽ׾˾ʥ飬ɣǶʥ飡Ī˵
ʥںпܳ˽Ʒ似ʥ֮ڵ˽Ʒ似Զ֮ĵؽƷ似Բʥϣ
ĪĿһԶȥ
ҶϵܣҶҲߣĪжҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲʥڷ
ܿ죬Ҷ˸յʥ֮ʥ齻ֵ꿴Ҷˣɫ䡣
Ī˺ǳ⡣
ɫԥƬ̺ͬʱתߡ
֣
ߺĪ˶ĪҵĻԪ˵ĪҵĻԪߵ˵ͷͬʱֹʥ飬ؾľƿշɳײʥȥ
ʥûǻۣߣһȭȭ˺ѿ
䣡ʥһȭھľ֮ϣľ촷ۡ
ʱĪҲˣߵʥ͵ץľײʥ顣
䣡ľײʥ鱳󣬰ʥײóǰ
ĪҵĻԪߺȻֱ֣һľײʥͷ­¡ʥͷ­飬ţʥҲ⣬Ưһᡣ
Ȼ似Ī˵˷׷״ϲ
ʥڹȻ似Ҷɫ΢䡣
ʱĪдץеľᡣۿἴĪУһƿؼ¶Ȼ½
Ҷɫ䣬̧ͷȥһֻɫļʸԶĪУ֮硣
޳ǵˣĪɫ䣬æˣͬʱͷų⣬ľǰ
ʸľľ˲ͱᣬ꣬Ȼ飬衣
ϵ֣ҶĿһڼϸо˵ֵϢ
ĪУĵԽԽˣ޳ǵĶҲ
ԶӰΪ֮ɫۣͷüżа꣬ȻǸղűĪ˸ߵˣ
ľĪɫһ䣬¶ļɵ֮ɫ
ľЦһ˵ʲôɾʱ⣬촽аЦĪУλ˭ôܽܣ
ߣĪߣûлشľĻ
УҪ£ϼҺҶҵľңαΪһŮ˵ľĪ˺ȻĪС
ĪҧҧŶľЦľ֣ղŵȫᣬǲ֪޳ǵˡ
ĪУ˵Щϻʲô㣬λ˽ʲô֣ľЦ
ĪһĨ֮ɫ˲ʧЦľ֣ΪҶ
ԭҶľһЦ⣬ЦҶԸԸȥ޳ǣ
ӶľҶ壬ߣ
ҶһЦ˵ͷ
һĻľɫȥЦŮˣүȥ޳ǿ㣬𾴾ƲԳԷƣ
Ҷⶼûľתߡ
סǣľɫ
ǣľߵ˵˵ͷӰһҶǰס˵ȥ·
ĪУ˵˭ľЦ
ľ֣Ҳʥ֮ʶǵģ˭Ҳ̫ĪæҶƲϵ
Ҷ忴ĪУЦĪУǰ㲻ǻҳֵôֲʶˣ
˵˵ĪЦʲôҲгֵܣ
ҶģȻľֿãΪʲôȰøľȥ޳ǡҲǵˣܽ޳ǵĻöкô΢٣Īпľֵľ֣ȻǴǵ֮Žģǲǵˡ
ٺ٣ˣĪ˵ĻֻҪһ޳ǣҿҸ׷Ϊ޳ˣľͷЦа
òȥ޳ǣֵΣҶһЦ
ûѡҶľϵŮˣֻѡ񣬵һǸңڶľаЦ
ô˵Ǹûѡ񡣡ҶЦʼ硣
ٺ٣ʵֻҪѡü޸ңҶľСӡľЦ
ã˵Ҹô죿Ҷ忴⡣
ɱǣ治ɫ
һĪе˷׷ɫ䣬ľһ㶣Ц
Ц󣬶ľ⣬ͷаЦСˣȻ
ٺ٣ľ۸ŮˣȻһЦԶ
˭ľɫһ֮ȥ
ҶҲ˹ȥֻԶУһ˳ߵĴ߻иʮ꣬괩Ŵֲ£㣬һ˫۾Եر顣
㣡ľ꣬ɫ䣬Ǽ˹һ
Īе˷׷ɫ䣬ľ޳ǳ֮ӣȻһ꣬ʵ˳Ծ
ľ㻹治СĻϣҲ˵ٿ۸Ů˵ĻҼһνѵһΣЦ


226 С
С̫ľ
ٺ٣ľ㻹ûԡԳơСİЦЦߵ˵죬һЩҪоУ
ҡҡͷɵЦٺ٣˺øҺóԵĶ
Сһӵƨϣûȴ˵֪ԣ
ƨɣʹ򣬸ﶯֶŵģ
ƨɣӲǵľʵڿӵʲô֮
С˵Ӽסˣ
ľһȻתƿշߣ޳ǵˣԼסҶҲ׷׶ߡһĻĪе˷׷ɫ䣬кȻ
ľ֮С⣬Цٺ٣˽㣬ѾˣǧҪ£
Ҷ岻ݸ
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Сû̬ȣŲԶĪеˣЦ޼ʹˣԼߣ
Īе˷׷ɫ䣬ľǲˣ׵Ҳû룬æߡ
СתͷҶ壬ЦʣҽСʲô
Ҷ壡ҶЦСкøС
ҾͽҶˣСЦҶ磬˽ʲô֣
ҲҶãҶһЦ
ٺ٣ԭҶ㣡СһЦߵӣ죬н㣡
нûгԵģգС۾ɵЦ
Сݺݵĵһۣû˵У
С֣ӺԥĽе㣡
Ҷ岻ݸ˻һԻ
Ҷ磬˽㣬ӦҲΪɱʥİɣСЦ
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Сȥʥڶ㣬֪ȥʥڶ𣿡ҶһЦ
֪Ȼ֪СҲû룬æͷ
ʼնû˵
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СҶӶˣʲôʱȥԺóԵģǰӲ߶
죡˽ں棬ҶòãСһ
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ʦʦ˵仰źףɵЦ
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ÿµҶɫһ䡣
ֻȸӳͫһæ㣬ѾˣѾһȭϡһȸڵڵأɸߵĳ
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ԪڣҶɫ΢䡣
˭Ȼ͵Ϯ̫ӣ
ȻԶУȸ˳һȭȻһҲûС
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СֻƤ̫ˣҴӿԼȻûдȸ̫ӣյ
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ȸ̫ͫһ͵ᣬҡֱϣɵ߿ƲСһԾ׷ȥ
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㵽˭ȸ̫ŭȡ
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ˣҶɫ䣬̧ͷ߿գֻȸ̫ӵٶͻȻԶɶݶȥ
죬׷ˣ׷Се
߿УСĻܲԸķСߡ
Ȼȸ̫ӵԶ̫ӾԲŹǣ
ԣӺףʵС̫ӵʲô񣿡
ٺ٣̫ӲʲôԺһһΣСЦ
ҶһЦȻЦȴ룺СӵʲôˣȻȸһ̫ҲҴ򣿡
һƺѾµСӵݡ
Ҷ磬ұԿȸģԺлĻٸ㲹ϣСȻЦŶҶ˵
Ժ˵ɡҶڨڨһЦ
ٺ٣Ҷ磬㾡ܷģսвˣԲ˿ȸ⣬ǻԳ⡣СһЦ
ҶЦá
Ҷ磬ȻսĿڸǲģң⼸Ѿ˲⡣СЦ
ٺ٣ǰǳһߣһߣǲͱ߳ˡɵЦ
Ҷһ㶣һսѹͲΪɱʥ顣


227 Ϲ
СҶ⣬ʥڶڴ
ãСˣ
·ϣٻԪ޿СӣԶ͵ͷߡ
ܣǧܱСץһֻֽཱུһ
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ԣҶһ㶣ԼȻСİ֡
˽㣬ǧҪЩ޺˵˵ҿǸˣС߷߲ƽ˵
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СڨڨһЦ⣺Ҷ磬²֪Ϊ̫ߵˣ޷һġԪԲߣö¾ߵӡҲ޷ʥһ㡣
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ٺ٣ûЩΪʥκһ㣬ôʥĺöͱչˣֵõˣС˵
Ҷɫ΢䣬ΪԲֹǻԪΪʲôܳʥһ㣿
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Ҷɫ䣬ϹѥӾȻǷ౦
죬߰ɣб׷СЦ
ɵЦ˵ͷ
Ҷ磬ǲҪȥɱʥȥɣͻȻһм£СЦ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ˵ߣ
˵ţҶ嵱ƿշߣ
Ҷ磬պлĻ˽ȥҺ죡СȻе
һġҶԶ
ʱӺȻźףüͷʵСȥʲôط
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Ŷѵ׷ɵ㶵ʵ
ٺ٣ڣʹǻԪԲߣҲӲǵģСЦüĺȻͷųͷݻת˲֮ͻһ޴Ĵ
ҶĻ϶ԿСõĴԪԲʦõĴ
죬ߣٲ׷Ļ׷СˣСһЦ봫ӽ
ಣӺСͬʱʧ
С˱ߵʱҶһʥ飡
ʥ飬۴ԪߣҶ弴ʹʹȫҲɱʥ顣ԣҶ岢ûг֣ʥ齻ħˮɡ
ħˮɳɹնɱʥ飬ʥֻһ˽Ʒ似ʺҶ
似Ҷʥڶʥ顣
ֹ˰ʱҶٴʥ飬ܿϧʥڻֻ˽Ʒ似ʥͬʱҶ廹ڲϻɱʥˣӶԷϵӡ
ܿ죬ҶڸѾɱЩҶ˲֪Ȼʥڶʥ䡣
Ҳ֪˶ãҶʥ飬εʥ鲢ףǡĽף


228 һ׷ɽ
Ľʥ飬ԿԪߣǿԿԪߡҶǰĽʥߴʮɣϢȻ纣ͨԪϣɣ
Ҷ⣬ʥץҶ⣬죬
Ҷľħˮɲٿľˢһʥƶȥ
ľ˼ɣʥ޴Ҳ˰벽
ûʥվȣħˮٴηֻľ֮ɢҩҩʮƬīɫҶӣһ㣬ͬķնɱʥ顣
ʥȫ֪£ֿȭҶӣȭХŭХ
ײ𶯾ʮء
ȻľʥɱԶȥֳ֮Ƭ촷ֻۡħˮɵҶӻ֮ر˲һѺۣˡ
䣡Զһɽͱʥһȭʯ졣
䣡Զִĺһɽͱħˮһ롣
Ȼзɳʮ⣬ʮɱʥľ
˳ˣȻǴͬʱѹĽʥľ
ħˮɺʥͬʱ֣ɱǵıײķ籩ϯ˷
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Զ޳ľ֪ʱȻˣԶҶ壬Ц
˺ĲڣľߵߴҶ⸽˵
ҽȥСӵݣǵôˣľʵʮУƺûСˡ˵
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ʥǣľɫ䣬ȻǳǸʥǵЩŲСĲࡣ޳ǣ¥ʥĴ֮һҵĸѣ
˵ǽСȸ̫ӶҴ򣬼ֱ޷졣룬Ȼô˵һǿԣȸһ嶼ء
ߣľһʲôҲû˵
үСǽҶСӲ֪ǵѣСʥǵˣǡֹ
ߣҿСҲǿǼŮ˵ò֮ûκιϵľЦ
СǿǸŮˣǾ͸׵ǣɫ
˼˵ñүľЦ
ȻǣүǵȲϾҪʼ𣿽ʱȥһˣҶСӲǵ㲻ңֻҵֳСӣЦ
ٺ٣⣡ľһЦ

ľ˵ʱħˮɺʥ黹ں͸ĸּս
սǣ޳ǣǡʮǵĽʥ顣Ľʥڼпܳ֡ؽ似Ҳпܳĵؽ似˭˶Ҫۺ졣
֪ʥڵ似ɶԶ֮似һؽ似ĵؽ似
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δ䣬ѾʧҶߡ
Ҷ̧ͷһѾľԱߣֻۺȻ˱ɫ̹˷ת˲֮䣬Բǧ֮ھͱ̹֡
ವһһһ̹зɳȻľ
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ڻԪڵߣѾܰԪ۳Ԫ۹ͷﵽһַǳֲĳ̶ȣҶ弴ʹɽҲƶԷԪ֮
ʱҶͷһſڷɽȻСſڰƴСķɽ
ಡ
ɽ֮ϣڳ֮¡
ɽҶٴγĴʥټ
һҶֹͣʥ飬˸ϵڶһͼ̨ϣͼֻ̨ҪԪʯרʥڵ˴ͳȥġ
һҶͬʱʧ
һ̣Ҷ֮ص֮ڡ
֮ص˲䣬ҶʱоԼ˲٣ɱһˣͿնԷһҶɱôˣ֡
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һȥսҶջС˵õһ׷ɽ֮󣬻õ˲˽似Щ似ԺȫشҶȥҶ


229 ̻
Ҷո֮߳ţһЦΪһ˵ĻҶﵽʲôط
ϺƣҶͬʱȥֻԶȺ˶˫Ϊ֮ˣһϺƣһЦ֮ˣϺƣ
Ϻƣĳ˵һ飬Ů˸Ͳϣ˵
ߣҲֻ˵һ飬ϰҶｻϺЦ
һĻһתͷҶ壬ѾµҶĹ
⣬ɴǧϳҶһЦ
ûҶʲôӻȡɫɴͬʱҶתǹòȻ仯ƽִͺ̬
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ʱҶִ̻ᣬ˽̻ʱ򣬴Ѿɽ˺
Ҷ̧ͷȺǰֻȺǰһ̨̨ϵ׺ɫĻ䣬һɫĻ£Ļ֮иŮ˵ӰһŮţǰһ١һŮ˹վһߣһŮ
֮һ֮ǵһʯ㷼ǵڶƵĽǵ֮Ѿֻʣʯ㷼ٺƵĽˣȺЦ
ȻٺͽҶɫ΢䡣
ʯﱻΪɣټҲ֪˺ֵزȺ˲²
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˷׷ɫ䡣
һһ֣ʮͽм뾲ΪԪߣû뵽˳ʯ˳Ծ
ٺ٣˵ƿʯ֮Գʯ׻ʲô˼ֻԼȺ˼Ц
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ҼСĵһǣжһ䣿ĻŮЦ
Ǹ֪жľ䡣ϺƣԼҵҲһãȻ֪ͬжľ䡣
Ⱥ֮Ҷǰһǵ磬ʵ̫ˣû뵽˾Ȼ֪
λ˭֪𰸵ĻǧҪ˵λ԰д֮ϣӻȥȡ򣡡ŮЦ
ҡͷЦ⣬ȷʵ֪λش
ôش⣿ȻҶ塣
Ҳɣ٣ҶһЦ
ˣ˵˭ش⣬˭ܵõ̻ıش⣬̻ıȡ˵
˵ûҶһЦӻȡһöд˴𰸡
򽻳ȥʱ򣬴Ȼһ꣬걳ʹŽͷ٣¶һǷͺһѳʵıâ¶
ʯĵһ⣬ĳܻش𣡡Ц
Է׷תͷˣͬʱɫ䣺ƣ


230 
꣬Ȼһһ֣ƣƵĽų֮һԲ˵˵׻ɱһԪߣѴ֮
ʥ½ҵĳҲ׼Ϊ״ӣ֪Ĵ֮һ½ң˴֮һܱ½ҵĳΪ״ӣϹ٣
˵עϵʱ򣬴Ǹʮҵİ꣬üĿüżָ̬֮߰
ٳϺɫһ䣬æӭȥ
½ϷɾȻҲˣȺһ
½Ϸɡ½ҵˣҶɫ΢䡣
֣֣ض񣬽½ĳٵģϣܻشʯ⣬Ļ½ĳ˾Ͱһˡ½ϷһЦȺǰȥƺ˽
ûע⵽½ϷɳֵʱһĨɱ⡣
֣㲻˵ܻشʯ𣿡
Ⱥǰ½ϷɿƣЦ
Ҫжϳľ䲢ѡһЦ̧ͷĻʯ㷼뿪ڣʯ㷼ȻЦӣҲпܻش㷼⣬㻹ǰĴдϰɡĻشͱеĴһģûлˣ
һЦӻȡһöдԼĴ𰸡
һŮߵǰĽӹ򣬽ӹ֮ŮȺЦλ˭ܻشҾС⣿
Сҿ㲻ʱˣү֮⣬Ӧûܻش⡣ȺЦ
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ʯĵһ⣬Ҳܻش𣡡Ҷ忴Ļʯ㷼Ц
ӣĻشдϡŮЦ
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ŮĽӹȥܿ죬˾Ļ󿴵ŮӰŮݸʯ㷼
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ƵɫҲˣû뵽ҶȻҲ뵽ͬİ취Ʋ֪Ҷ˿ҲܳԾ
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˷׷ɫ䣬Щ˼飬½ϷɺҲò˼顣
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ʵһǰ³ȥ䷢ֶľƣֿҲͬơ˵
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ʼʱҲ֪Щʲô˼ڸһСߣǿУ֪Щľ䣬һЩľϵƣͻȻ֣ЩƵľȫǺϣԣҲ²ЩӦúľйءЦֿ˲ʵ֤ҵƲȷģ
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ӣأдľֿжľ䣬㷼û´˵֣Ӧþ˵Ķľưɣʯ㷼Ҷ壬Ц
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ûҵļ磬ڶľϿЩƣͽ֣֣һһֵ˼ҶЦ
˲ɺ棬˵ļ絽ʲôط
ӣ֪ļʲôطʯ㷼Ц
ҵļһƫԶĵطʹ˵ˣʯҲ֪˵ҲաҶЦ
˰һﻹǲ顣
ӣȻ㲻˵Ļ㷼Ͳǿˣܵø㷼ʲôְɣʯ㷼˵
ҶĿһЦҶ죡
Ҷ죿˵Ǵʲôطģüͷѹû˵Ҷˡ
֮ѣ½Ϸɽüһоǲм
ҶӣѾش㷼ĵһ⣬㷼ϣǶܻشڶ⡣ʯ㷼һЦ˵㷼ĵڶǣһʮͷĸʮͷĸʮͷᣬ㷼ĸֿôͷͷĸģ
˷׷ɫ䣬ʵ̫ˣֻ˲ֱܷó
λĸ棡ŮȻЦ
תȥĸȺڴſڣһȺһȺĸ
λѾĽϱ˺ţÿֻͶӦĸ򶼱ͬĺ롣λʼĸ򣬽ԣֻҪԳɹʮϣҼСĵڶ⣡ŮЦ
˷׷ɫ䣬Ȼǲ֪α
ǶıӦ취ɣȻЦ
ûѾش˵һ⣬ڶӦѲֲŶԡϺһЦ
ٺ٣û½ٳ֮⣬¾ֻ취ˡĪеҲЦ
ߣĪУԼݣҵһЦҵһ庮ѾǻԪߣͱƺҪϺü꣬츳Ȳˡ
庮˵ʵΪִĻΪʲôվشʯ⣿ĪмЦ
庮ɫһʯ㷼ĵڶ⣬ȷʵû취ش
ٺ٣ҿһһ˲庮ĪУϺƺȻЦ
ûĪ֣ҿĪȡҵλãһЦ
Īɫ΢䣬ô˵Īڻҵճ֮һɲԸַ
ҿȡҵģ²ĪңҰɣ庮Ц
϶õһĻ˭ȡңЦ
õȵᣬھͺһս
庮һһ
ʲôҲҶ֣мıһۡ
㡭˵庮Ȼְסļ򣬻ڣϣл
һٶԡ
ȺУ˼ЦԲҲԼмＸȻ͸ս
Դŭ޲ϳȥɱЦˣȴ庮ֹˡ
ֹ𣿡½ϷɺȻڡ
Է׷ױ죬Ҷ˵仰ǣ½ϷɵȨҵļҪ׵½Ϸɣ


231 ע
֣취ûУ½Ϸɿơ
ҳĸף˵ѡưȻһЦ
˷׷ɫ䣬ƾȻĿҵĸס
뵽취𣿡ҶߣĿҶ壬ʵ
ȿʲô˵ҶһЦ
ӣ֪뵽ʲô취ʯ㷼Цʵ
ʯϾ֪ˡһЦɨҶһ֮֮⡣
˷׷׺棬Ƶʲô취
ʱѾߵȺ֮ǰ촽˶˵Щʲô
ڸʲôɻ
˵ĻȻҶ˵
ĻҶɫ䣬Ʋˣô˵Ļ
Ҷɻ֮ʣѾȺǰ˹ȥҺÿֻ˵ЩʲôȺʱɧĸǷ׷׳ᱼȥѰҵ˸ᡣ
˷׷ɫ䣬ƾȻĳɹˣ
ӣ㷼ܺ棬ôԣʯ㷼
ǰȥɽɽĳѧԡЦ
˷׷ɫ䣬ɽ¥ʥĽ֮һΣ֮û뵽ƾȻȥɽϺ˵ɫҲˣҲûƾȻȥɽ
һǰӸոԪѾͻƵԪ˰ɣʯ㷼һЦ
˷׷ɫ䣬һ֮ڣӻԪڽԪڣٶδҲ̫ˡ
ʯһڣ¾һȷʵѾѾͻˡһЦ
˵ģƾȻͻˣǵһţ
ԪڣϺңǱΪлսʤƣڣǵϣȫˡ
ԪںͻԪڵĲǺܴģԪڣѾܰԪ۳ԪˣͨԪߣ޷֮⡣
ϺƺֻǻԪڶѣ֮ͬУѾսʤƣ˵ѾԪˡ
庮ҲңһѾ޷ϡҿ⣬ڲˡ
ʮ겻ΪԪߣʮһ꣬ͳΪ˻Ԫߣ츳ѾԺʥǵ콾Ⱥ˾̾
ʮһ꣬ԪڡҶ⸱ʵֻʮѣʮ֮ǰͻƵԪȫпܣ츳Ļʲô
츳ˣ㷼ʯ㷼̾
ʯԸĻԸ⼸ڣƿĻʯ㷼Ц
˷׷ɫ䣬ƾȻʯ㷼ʾˡ
޹»ӣǻȿҶܻܲشڶɣʯ㷼Ц
ƲûҶ壬Ц֪Ҷ뵽취ûУ
ҶһЦȺ̻˵̻Ӧб𣿡
ȻУ̻Ц
ҶһЦ˵Щʲô˵ͷȥ
ɻ󣬲֪Ҷ嵽ʲô
ƵҲüͷ֪ͬҶʲô
Сһﵽʲô
˲֪̻ĳĳĿһУСͯ
Сͯ߳Ŷ߿Ҷ壬ϹȻ̳ܽͽʵ̫ˣСӵ츳ϹԼֹطȻֺӣʵ̫ˡ
С֮ͯʱǸֻ̻ˣֻһޣȺϱ޴ȥžһܾҳһƬ
ɻ󣬻ǲ֪Ҷ嵽ʲô
ߣҿѹûʲô취ֻǹŪѣȺ˼Ц
ûʲôҲү棡Ⱥв˼Ц
ٺ٣үעҪʥǣʥ콾ˣСܸүᲢۣ˵϶¶˲м֮ɫ
˳Ҷ֮ʱǸ̻ٴλӱޣܾ׷׳ĸȥÿֻᶼҵ˸Եĸף
˷׷ɫ䣬ЩҶ˸ɫࡣ
ʯСһܾ֮󣬿϶ѰԼĸףԣøղְ취ᡣֻҵĲѣû뵽ĳɹˡҶתĻʯ㷼Ц
Ҷӻ˫㷼ʯ㷼һЦ
ĿһȻҶ壬ЦҶ֣֪ûĻشʯĵ⣿
˷׷ɫ䣬սҶ壡
ҶԼһģҶһЦ
ãǾһشʯĵ⣡һЦתͷ½Ϸ˵½֣Ϊ֤˭޷شʯĵ⣬˭̻ᣡ
ɫ䣬Ķŭˡ
ҶĸҲҴӦƣȺ˵
𲻴ӦѾƣƵˣʲô³ģ̾
ûҶƺʲôˣôóȻƣʵڲǣҡͷ˵
˶ΪҶ岻ҴӦƵʱҶȻЦ׼̤̻ᣬ̫СˣǻһעΣ
˷׷ɫ䣬̾Ҷ嵨ɫˣ
뻻ʲôעһЦ
˭شʯ⣬˭̤ǣҶһֵ
ɫ䣬עʵ̫ˣΪҶǵˣ̤Ƕ˵ûκӰ졣Ʋͬƿǵһţļǣôǣ
˶ơ
ãҴӦ㣡ƺԥЦ
˰ľһƣô
ҶһЦ̧ͷĻʯ㷼ʯɣ
⣬ϸ˵㲻⡣ʯ㷼Ц
ɫ΢䣬ʯ㷼ʲô˼
ҶҲɻ
˵֮ǰ㷼Ҫȶλ˵һ¡ʯ㷼˵λӦö֪㷼̻ˣ̻һЩ鷳
ʯ֪̻ʲô鷳æʵ
̻˽˵ˣҪ̻Ӵ¥ʥʯ㷼˵
ɫ䣬ʲôˣȻ˵ֻ
ʯĪǡ̻ĳλʥǳ½Ϸʵ
ʥǳ˵ʥ֮Ѿ¥ʥ۷Ĵܣ̻ˣĿܻ⵽֮֡
ѵ̻ĵʥ֮ҶҲܳԾ
ʯ̻ᵽ׵ʲôˣʵ
¥ʥʦʥأλӦ˵ɣʯ㷼ڡ
ƺ½Ϸɵɫ䡣
⣬˵ʲôطҶ忴⣬ʵ
ʦʥأֻһطŋ־ի⻺
ŋ־իҶüû˵ɡ


232 һѡ
ŋ־ի¥ʥ˴֮һڰ˴֮ϣɵ˲࣬˵Ӳʮˣ˵֮⣬ɻкܶ䣬Ƕ٣˭Ҳ⴫Ҷ塣
ӲʮҶɫ䣬һɣȻ˴ʵ֮ϣǵĵӵжǿ
¥ʥ򣬳¥ʥͿȸһ֮⣬˵ûŋ־ի֮Ķ֡ңе²⣬ŋ־ի֮Ѿ¥ʥһˣֵ
ŋ־ի֮˭Ҷʵ
ŋ־ի֮Ĵ֮һ޺۹ӣ⴫
ĴӣҶɫ䣬ǰʯҲ˵ĴӣĴ֮һһɱ¾ӣӵɱ¾
Ĵӣֱ޺۹ӣӵӣӰӣħӣǵΪ£ʹʥҲδǵĶ֣⴫
Ҷľ̻Ȼˡ
ʱĻʯ㷼̾ŋ־իĵӺ̻гҪ̻ᣬ㷼֮ԾٰٻᣬʵΪλ̻ȹѹأ
˷׷ɫ䣬Ⱥ˿Цʯ㻹˰æɣ°Ī
˵꣬ȺѾҲƵı˴
ʯǲæǼԿŋ־իȺȥ
ת˲֮䣬Ѿд벿ȥֻʣҡϼңңңԼĪеˣȻҶҲûߡ
ʯԼӦŋ־իʵ˵ǣ½Ҳ޷ŋ־իӲӲ½Ϸɫ
ûʯΪʲôѡ̻᣿˵ŋ־իӲɱ޹ӦòǨŭһŮˡ˵
ʯȻܰʲôԸ̻ĻԸʯһ֮أ庮˵
ߣ庮ôʹ𣿡ĪЦ
û庮ŋ־իĵˣǺ𣿡ĪҲЦһ
庮ľͨϻľ飬ûõϻ֮ͬǰ㲻Ҫ˽ԳŵˣҴҪ鷳Īѡ
庮ɫһ˵ҶȻЦ֣һ⣡
ԣ庮ɫ΢䣬ʵ֪Ҷĳʲô⣿
ҡʲôʱֵһյ˵ˣҶʵ
庮֮˷׷ɫ䣬ŭҶģ̫ˣ
ҹ֣ҶһЦĪУʼ磬˵ƺһҪ֡
ʱ˵
ʶһҵˣ죬֪ϲϵҶʵ
죡Ϻͬʱɫ䡣
˭ƿˣȻҲ֪˭
ҵϵӣʮǰĸһŵһС򡣾˵˸ʮͳɹͻƵ˻Ԫҵ˵֪˳ΪԪ֮ƺѴ˽ǣμᣡ˵
ɫ΢䡣
û뵽ȻҵӡҶһ
ʱ庮ʵѵʶ죿
Ҳʶ죬ֻʶһսˣҴӦսΪҵյӣҲμᣡҶһЦ
˷׷ɫ䡣
ߣҳսƾҲ䣿ĪмЦ
Ļ䣡庮ĪЦ
Īɫ΢䣬Ȼûϵ庮ȻҸ˵
ˣ̻ᣬңʯĵ⻹û˵ˣʲôµĻ˵Ҳ٣½ϷЦ
ԣĪвٶ˵ʲô
½ϷɿĻʯ㷼Цʯȱ˵ŋ־իˣ˵ĵɡ
ûʯ֪ĵʲôʵ
㷼ĵ⣬͸ղ˵йʯ㷼˵㷼λλ벻̻᣿ֻλϼ̻ᣬ㷼֤˭̻ᣬ˭ͿԳΪ̻
Ƶ˷׷ɫ䣬ǳûش𣬵ǲòĺһӦʯ㷼ضΪŋ־իĵˣʱǵļ϶ܵǣ
ʯἴʼĳ˻ҪչȹһΪȸˡȿڣҵ뿪˴
ʯҲȸˣϺһЦҲϼҵȥ
УҲ߰ɣĪ˶Ī˵
Īвû뿪庮Ц庮ȰòҪŋ־իĵ˳Ϲϵҷұض⵽֣֮
ʲôֲܣ庮ڣȿڣЦ
ߣĪһתͷҶ壬Ҷģ㻹ҳսȰ㲻Ҫ뿪ǣҪ鷳
£ͬҲֲܣҶЦʼ硣
ǺãҵҪûбµõҳϻϿɣĪвŭЦת߳ȥĪ˵˽
ҶһЦûĪеĻ
ʱƺȻڣʯ㲻Ը̻ᣬǲʲô֮
㷼̻ᣬȫԸģʯ㷼˵Ը̻ᣬ㷼ͬ˵Ļ㷼Ը̻͸ӡ㷼Լ
ƶݣ½Ϸһæƣ̻ŋ־ի̻ĻԼҪļҲᱻǣУҵѾ˵֮󣬾ͻƼϣΪ״ӣӦŮ˵ĻϾԲӦΪͽ
ԣƵɫٱ䣬ѡ˳Ĭ
ʱʯ㷼ȻҶ˵ҶӣأԸԸ̻᣿
Ҫһ׿Ϸɽʩչ󷨣ʯóĻԸ̻ᣡҶһЦ
ƺ½Ϸͬʱɫ䣬ŵĿҶ壬Ȼû뵽ҶӦʯ㷼ֹǣҲû뵽ҶӦ
жʱãʯ㷼ʵҶӣ㲻ŋ־ի𣿡
¥ʥ˭ŋ־իҶһЦ
ȻˣҶΪʲôҪ̻ᣡʯ㷼⡣
ΪҶĳʯȻʯﶼҶŋ־իҶĳһо֮ҶһЦ
ƺ½Ϸɫ࣬һʱ侹֪˵Щʲô
⿴Ҷ壬˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
ҶӣٿһΣһ̻ᣬԵĵ˽¥ʥһʯ㷼˵
ѾˡҶԥĻش
ӽ쿪ʼ㷼ֻΪҶһ˸٣ʯ㷼һЦ
Ļʯ㷼ɫ˵ʯȸˡ
ͣʯ㷼ڡ
½֣߰ɡƳ̾һ
½Ϸɵ˵ͷ߳˴
ƺ½Ϸ뿪ʯ㷼ЦҶȥڸż䣡
ǣС㣡һŮҶǰ˸ƣǰ·
ҶЦŵ˵ͷȥ


233 ֻ
Ҷ屻żʱ庮̻߳ᡣ
磬Ҷ˵ʶ壬𣿡庮ʵ
廹ûл֪ˡ庮˵
ȥˣڶûлҶңǸô죿ʵ
Ȱ¸߰ôд㣡庮
ĪҺͺҵڣʲôûôףЦ
ˣδأĪҺͺҵţ庮Ŀһ
磬ڵôˣǵĿ庮
ʲôҲûУ㾡ܷĺˣ庮
ɫ΢䣬ûµĻԲֱ顣
߰ɡ庮һЦȶȥ
庮ȥʱ̻ŸڣҶһڰԣⲢߡ
ʯ㷼˵ֻΪһ˸٣ˣŸ֮ǰҶ˵һ仰Ͻż䡣
ղ˵ĻҶЦҡҡͷ
ʱżϷĻ֮һЦҶӾúˡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥĻһŮӵӰȻŮʯ㷼ʯ㷼ĻһŮӣŮӦʯ㷼Ѿߡ
ʯҲɣͲصˡҶһЦ
㷼Ѿ˵㷼ֻΪҶһ˶ȻҶӲĻ㷼Ӵ˷٣ʯ㷼Ц
Ҷɫ΢䣬ҡͷЦȻ˵Ļʯﻹǵɡ
Ҷӣ㷼ղֻǸ㿪ЦѡЦЦʯ㷼ֵҶҪһ󷨣ѵҶһλʦ
Ҷ˵㡣
̻Ṳʮ׽˽Ʒ󷨰ף˽ƷףؽƷףʯ㷼˵ҶѾ̻ˣЩģһôҶȥ似󡣡
лʯҶһЦ
Ҷӿˡʯ㷼һЦ˵Ҷӣ²֪㷼óĲ٣ã
ãҶɫ΢䡣
㷼ûΪ˵ãҶǵһ
ʯ㷼˵ţȡãʼʱ֮żʱ缱꣬ʱ̣ͳҶоԼһȻһ֮С
ٱ䣬ҶоǰľȻı䣬ƺں֮У¿༢
ʯ㷼ָϲҶоԼڴﶬֲͬļֻһ㣬ᵽ˴Ŀıº
ﶬһֻأʹҶ޷԰Σ֮С֪УҶȻˡ뾲״̬Ⲣ뾲м뾲
Ҷ岢֪һؼʱ̣ܰм뾲ġоӡٴѹʱлٴνм뾲ʱضԳɹͻƵԪ
С㣬ʲôĻŮӵ
õŮû˵࣬Ҷм뾲ѹ
Ҷ忴õˣض𾪣Ϊõ˸ʯ㷼⣡
ߵŮҲǽСѾߣһͬµƯŮӣŮӶׯ󷽣ɽüʩ죬ȻƯȴҲһɶõˡ
Ůӣʯ㷼
𾪵ǣʯ㷼ȻƺΪС㡱ʵ̫˼ˡ
һУҶ֪м뾲֮СصżڣҶ޷԰Ρ
ʱ
һʱ
ʱ
ʱҶȻûѹĻɫ԰֮һ̫̫ҶٲѹĻпܻˡ
ʯ㷼֮ɫ¶˾ģ͵һҧһӣϲ豭Ȼأһ豭飬Ҷ͵ѹͬʱҲֹͣ࣬һĨѪ
ղšʲôˣҶѹɫЩãȻ
ղţҶӽм뾲Ļʯ㷼һЦ
м뾲Ҷɫ䣬ĿŸо£м뾲ĸоƺӡ
ҶҲҪʱһм뾲ȥ᷿ϢҶϢ֮Ҷȥ似󣡡ʯ㷼Ը
ż߳һŮЦŶҶ˵Ҷӣ
Ҷ˵ͷȷʵҪúøһм뾲
Ҷ뿪ż䡣
Ҷߺ̧ͷʯ㷼˵ôĵӣ
ʯ㷼ҧź촽ڵأʹף˵С㣬ҲԣôҶУ
⿴ʯ㷼˺ܾãŻڣ֪֪ƻĻѾͻˡ
ʯ㷼ҧź촽˵С㣬ֻǳѾʱٵȥĻ
зִ磡⵭ڡ
ʯ㷼̧ͷ⣬ʵС㣬ϵܻش𣿡
Ҳֻ֪һԶѡ
С㣬ѾⶼشˣǲҪҵǸˣʯ㷼ʡ
ûлشĬˣҲ֪ʲô
ʯ㷼һûм׷ʡ

ʱ᷿ڣҶϱĿ
м뾲ĸоҶѰŸоָоֻҪƾԼٴνм뾲ϣͻƵԪ
˰ʱʼûٴνм뾲
̫ˡħˮɺȻڣѾôм뾲
Ҷɫ΢䣬ûԼȷʵ̫ˡ
ȥ似󿴽ɣڵ㲻ʺ뾲ħˮֵ
Ҷ˵ͷ뿪᷿ػڷŮ˵ȥ似󣡡
ҶŮ˵ͷȴ·Ҷȥ
ܿ죬Ҷ似̻似㣬һ˽似ڶеؽ似һ似ڣƯһ似ͲС
似ڴһϣҶ似ʱ˵ֻܿãѧپͿ٣мǲҪ̰ģ
лǰҶ幧Ӧ򣬿ʼѡ似
õĵһ似һ˽Ʒ似ǽַ˻ȥ֮ѡ˲似Ҫģȫ˻ȥ
ڣҵһ׽ΪԽ󡷡
Խ󡷣˽Ʒ󷨣ԷɽΪۣʦѧҶѼ似üģĶеϢ
ˣɣƿԪߵԪܻˣɱԪߡ
Ҷֱ似ʼ򡶰Խ󡷡


234 
Ҷڴ似߳
Ѿ似ſڵҶ壬Ҷʵʲô󷨣
Խ󣡡΢٣ҶЦھȥң
˵ͷûҶȥҸʲô
Ҷ뿪̻ᣬҸȥ
ûãҶҡҶոſڣһӭҶ֣Ȼˣ
꣬Ȼ庮庮ƺ֪ҶƺѾſڵ˺ܾá
֣ѵ֪һҶЦ
Ҹ˵ˣҶ˽ܣȻ˵ҪһˣͿ϶庮Ц
ҶĿһ
Ҷ֣Ҹڸϵ㣬ɣ庮һЦ帮Ҷ
帮Ҳһ츣أ֮뼷ǵλãʵΪ˵õҵĶ츣ءȻҲãҲãǵĶ츣ضСˣҲ޼֮
ʱ庮ѾҶһڣϷһˣţ庮мƣȻ庮ĸף
庮ĸףҵļ룡
ˣ˵̻СӴģӮ㡣뿴Ҷ壬¶֮ɫ
ӮԼԼҶһЦ
ĿһЦˣԸԸң
ҶҡҡͷңֻΪҶսĳŵѣҲң
ߣҶģôĿ
ȻЦһȺΪ֮ǸɫݻƵˣĪкĪ˵ˣ˵ˣĪС
ҶģӮƣҰңĪЦ
ٺ٣һ¾߶ѣĸ̨һս˼һжӲסĪ˼Ц
û̻ʱƲǲӮ˼ʶʱ񣬶ýˡĪһЦ
ˣһף
˷׷ɫ䡣
С˵ʵѣֺαضŭɫݻƵһЦ
Ī׺ʲôЦ
еġĪ׺ҵĳ֮һҲĪеĸףΪˡ
ҷСӼңĪ׺Ҷ壬Ц
ɣ뵭ڡ
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235 ˸ս
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ҶȥصʱңܵҶǰȥҵϢ
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237 м뾲
ҶҽֻһһߵĿľҩ룬ҩɢҩϱľա˴ҩľȻûκα仯ʵ𾪡
ѵҵҶ忴ſľɫ΢䡣
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238 
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Сûʲôģƶһ֮ħˮɺȻҶ塣
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ˢƽȫնϣɱ֮Ĵ󽣣֮ǰӷ񲻿ɵ
һնϻƽҶ̧һץ֮ӿɫ֣ѹƽˡ
ƽ˸֪־壬˷һȭɫ֡ͣƽ˵ȭͷ˲䱻֮ɣǻƽ˵ֱۣٽţƽ˶֮ɡ
ɱ֮ɵ֣֮ӰԵȻ޶ɡ
Ʒɵ֣Ҳֻбɵķݡħˮһ
Ҷ֮ʹڡ
ʱȥͨˡҶ
ͨŵһصǿҶģٸ齻ֵĻԲϴһ
ĴѾˣҽȥһҡħˮɺȻЦ
ҶĿһûȷʵֻȥһҴˡ
֮Ҷ峯ȥ
ûãҶ㿴һСۣСиꡣҶ붯С۵ʱһӰȷɵС֮ϣһɱǸꡣ
ߣַȻҲС۵Ц
㶼ΪʲôܣȻһЦ
˭С۵ɫ䣬æתոתҶĽѾĺҶγʱС۵һСϡ
Ҷһӣʬ屻˺ˮ֮С


239 ˮµ
С֮Ҷ廮ʻһ·ϣҶնɱ˲ޣЩ޵ʵߣ¾֮⣬Ҷ岢ûٴޡ
¡Ȼǰһ
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ޣҶɫ΢䣬ǰ˽֣һǻƽˣƽ˽ֵˣȻϺƺ
Ϻֳɫ޸ƽˣ˫ۻצҲ˻ƽˡ
¡ƽ˺޾ɫһƽɨ˷ϺƺĹ
˵ļսеĺˮӿֹ
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֣ҹĺ棬㹥ǰ棡Ϻƺȵ޸ƽ˵ĺ󱳡
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ƽתһȭϺƵľ޸֮ϣ𻨷ɽϺƺһ˼
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λƺ鷳Ҷ嵭ȻһЦ
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Ҷһܶܶпһߣϵ֫סϲŰ˱Ѫɫذףذģɫɫġ
ݲϣѾݹᾣֻʣƤͷ
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240 
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ٺ٣ϷԻٵذ׵ĻϷͲñＸʮˡԳ
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ᣬҶǰüͷųͷģذ֮Сذе󷨺ܶ࣬ҶƵЩ󷨣Ҳڵ󷨣ܰȫľȳӡ

ʱ󣬵Ҷһذƽʱ򣬰˱ذͬʱѡ
תڵԪذ׶ʱ飬ţϵҲ֮顣һǿϢϴҶоĪѹ
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ģ˵һһ˵ǶԲԸģοϻԡһЦ
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ЦһʲôҲû˵
ҵ˿룬Ͼǲм
˳ˣȻ˿ڣڴ
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ҲϺƣ
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˭ȻϺ֮ǰ߳ӣ𾪡
ˡƺҵˣ˵
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˵˺ٳг𡣡ҵһϺȻڡ
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241 Ԫ
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ӳڴȻ߳Ŀȥ߳ˣȻϺƺˡ
ϺƺҶ壬ͬʱɫ䣬û뵽ҶȻ֮ǰ߳ӡ
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лĪͬʱл
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Ҷɵֺ;а̵ɻʵ̫ˣҲѹϴ
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242 ľ
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ʵҲûκǶǼ֮ˡЦһμΧ;а̵κΣұǩԼԶñ壡
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Ҫǲ֣˽֣ұԸа̵ˣвͻɥȪ˵
ҶСֵܣμѡεĻϷƼȥᣬԲòμӡ幺Ȼڡ
ǰȲμȥμѡҲ٣ҶһЦ
һЦȰ˵Ҷ塣
ǰڶϾͺÿʼˣˡҶЦЦת߳ʯң
ĿҶȥӿ幣Ů
Ҳῴġ幻˵
Ȼѣ˵̻Ļŋ־ի𣿡ӿ幡
ٺ٣磬㲻𣿡Ц̻ĵŋ־իΪʲô¥ʥҵĻҾԲȥҡ߶Զ߶Զ
˼˵̻ŋ־իûʲôڣĿһ
пܣ˵
ǣǺŋ־իûйڵĻΪʲôҪ˵ѣü
˵ʱʯСĿЩСȻǿ˵ĻǼ٣ǿɾ˵ˣֻΪ˿ЩС平
˼˵ʯѾͷ˵ĻǼٵģֻΪ˿鿼ЩСЦˡ
ٺ٣ûˣҲƵɩҲ磡һЦ
Ȼ˵ĻʯѾͷ˵ĻǼٵġЦ̻ŋ־իûн𣬺ٺ٣СѾͷǺֶΣ
ˣ磬˵ҶСֵûлŋ־ի幺Ȼʵ
Ҳҿ϶ֻ˵аˡųɵİգ޺۹Ϊֹֻչʮͽܣյʮһͽܣѣɫ
ȻˣΪʲô˵аˡųɵİգ干⡣
Ϊ츳ȻҼ츳õʦ֮һټֹһ֣ʹ޺۹ӣҲпܶΪͽ
޺۹ʦҶСֵܳΪĵӡ
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幰˰֣ʵ磬ϵһ⡣
ңʮ궼ȥʲôطˣЦ
幵˵ͷ
Ժһģڻʱ򡣡ɫ
Բٶ˵ʲô

ʱǳˣӭ˵ˣȻ½Ϸɡ
ľ֣û뵽Ȼǣ½ϷЦ
˵УΪ֮˾Ȼ޳ٳľľ֮ߣ߶ߣϢǿޱȡ
½֣ʢἴٿܲľһЦ
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븮ڣľЦ½֣˵ǰս𣿡
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Сӵ£ȷʵ˵˵Ҷ壡½Ϸɳ
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½ĳһȫ½ϷһЦ
½֣ҶıãԸĻ
ľĻδ˵꣬½ϷɺȻ˰֣Цľֿˣ½ĳ
½ֹȻˬ죡ľЦ



243 ս
ľʱҶѾִ䳡
ڶ֣μӵ˲࣬һֻмʮ˶ѣУҡҡϼҡÿʮ˴˵ڶֻ֡ĸ˽ڶ֣ʵ̫ˡ
δĵڶ֣ûսķʽвμӱԵǫ̈̄ʣµİ˸ܽһ֡˵ܲƽҲ޿κΣϾߣûκλȨġ
Ҷִ䳡ʱ䳡Ѿɽ˺ҡϼҡҵѾ롣ֻȳ½׵ڶ־Ϳʼ
ʱ򣬺ĪпҶ壬Цֻ˵ǹ庮ҿôͨһ֣
ٺ٣ûƣҲͨһ֡ĪһЦ
ƲŹֻҪƿϳ֣ɣЦ

Ȼһϵ䳡
Ŀȥ½׺ͳ˴䳡ߵĹϯϡ
ľҶɫ΢䣬ڹϯϿ˶ľ
ҾͲ˵ˣڶֵˣ̨ɡ½һЦ
ڶֵ˷׷׵̨ҶҲ̨
Ϻ˿Ҷ屳ľж¶̰֮ɫѾľƷҺϼҵүƷ˵Ҳϡ֮
ҶһϺƣǹһĨЦݡ
ȻҶ巢˿תͷȥʱơ
ϣܽһ֡Ƶ˵
ģһҿ϶ܽȥġҶЦʼ硣
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һֵʵûУҽ֣һЦ
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俪ʼ
Ȼһϻڡ
ԣ̨ϵ˷׷׳֣ϡҵ˼ͬʱ˺ĪСҶ塢庮ƺϺƵ˲ûг֣Թۡ
ɶ񣡡ҵ˹Īɫ䡣
庮ɫҲأңֳҵˡ
ٺ٣庮ҲΪĴңһҵЦţս庮
ĪнǣϼҵļɱĪС
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ûҵıֿɲô׶ԸģҶûʲôߵ֣ԲຮĶ֡ЦŸ͡
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ڼҵļ̸ʱִ̨Ŀȥֻຮ̧ͷҶ壬һѩƿննɱҶ壡
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ߣຮЦѩ֮ѩѩмıѩ
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˷׷ɫ䣬û뵽Ҷ岻ʹõֺȻҲܺຮ⡣
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ˢ
ֻຮҶ壬һٵѩƿննɱҶ壬ɱ죡
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244 
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ຮЦһӭȥһײຮĺ˼ûຮվȣҶһຮŶȥ
ຮɫ䣬æֵ
ཻҶľ˲䱻ѩᣬñֶҶľຮԼҲܣľ֮ϴ˼Ѫڡ
˷׷ɫ䡣
ʱƴຮְͣɣʹܴӮҲҪۣ
ຮɫһ䣬ܲġ
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ʲôôҼ
ģܽһ֣ҲԽǰҼڡ
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ʱ̨ϣĪѾҺϼҵ˱̨庮ԭҲᱻҵ˱̨ؼʱ̣Ҷְ庮һѡ
ΪɵҶ壬ҵ˸ҼԸ庮
ԶƿҲų̂ϵսں½Ϸ˵ٳһֵֻа˸Ѿˣʣµ˵÷ָ˭
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䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
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ǲǼľЦ
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ľüһЩá
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˼Ҷ޳ûȤҶһЦӶľ˹ȥ


246 ͨ
ȵȣľתҶ⣬ڽе
ʲô𣿡ҶתŶľ
һʣûȥսܾãǸҵѳú񡣡ľһЦ
ûȥսҲûм㡣ҶЦ
ŶľһЦȻһ⣬ץɴ
ȣֲϯľƺһ
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µ˭ǽסľ˷ŶľɫصĿ⡣
ûߣֱת䳡֮⣬ҶһЦ
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ȿȡҪɱľ˼˵
ŮǲãĶҲĶ֣˵
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˵ͷ
ŮҶˣѵŹ𣿡ľܲġ
ҪԸŮˣ֡˵
ľɫ䡣
ʱҪȥǿñ˶ԸǣĿһ
壬˼˵ǵˡľʱӦ
Сӵǵˣܰװ˷᣿Ц
֪ôˡľһЦ

ʱҶѾصҡ
ص֮Ҷ᷿᷿ڲ˾Ź󣬽üһʥͼ˳ʥͼнҫסҶ壬ɢȥʱҶѾʧ
ʥͼڣҶٴεͨš
ͨϣǸعص鿴Ҷ壬ЦԪĽܿ죬ǲ֪ܴܲȥ
һᴳȥģҶһЦ
һЦʵ֪֪˶ꣿ
֪Ҷ˵
ʮ꣡һЦ
Ҷ嶯ݣȻʮ꣬˵ʥͼʮǰѾˣ
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δ䣬ҶѾ󽣣һȥ
ԺġӰٲֻѧһƤëѣһӰٲȻͻȻ䰫ת˲֮ͱúͨһ߰
Ҷ𾪵ǣȻҲʹӰٲٶȱ˲ֹһ
ˢҶܿͻָƽһȥ󽣵˷Ԫ󣬹ʱҷޱȡ
Ȼץס˴󽣣Դ󽣵ķȻҲ޷Ƥ⡣
ԴҶͻƵԪ֮󣬴󽣵ѾҪѪҪԪԪ֮󣬴󽣵ĹҲᱶ
Ҷܿư˰ɷΧڵԪһЩԪٱԼҲ֪
ۿ󽣱ץסˣҶ͵Ť󽣣һ֡
ĽҲ˲ңһЦ
ǿδأҶһЦת֣˷Ԫʱϯ֮С
ˢҶ󲽳飬һ顣
һЦûܣȻץ˴󽣡
ϣ𻨷ɽȻû˵顣
һĻҶɫһ䣬֮ǿʵƽ
˵ĽҲ˲ңЦûгûԸҶ塣
һǾ仰ǿδأҶѷԲɵԪȫ󽣣һ黢һ飬ɿ˴󽣡
û鷴ӦҶĽѾٴͷ­ûһж죬ûһжֲ
ã̾ʳָָ£ָΪӭȥ
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ղһԪҲӲסǣұ㣬ʹֱ߽۾ͻܲˡסΣ̧ͷҶ塣
ҶĬˣ֪˵ʵڣĴӶʹѣͺʱ˺һ󽣵˷Բ˰ڵԪ󣬹ȷʵˣҶ̫޷ܹԪ
Ҫƺô󽣵ֲô󽣷ԼֻԼ֮
̫Ȼĵǿȴ޷ԦõĿƺõ֣취֮ЦŶҶ˵۹ܶҶȱ㡣
ΪʲôҪңҶ岻⡣
ϣӦһҪ󣡡Ц
ʲôҪ󣿡Ҷʵ
лĻϣȥһҵļ磬һ¼Ŀ¶˼
ļ磿Ҷɫ΢䡣
ʱʱһҵļʲôطġЦˣǼɡ
δ䣬ٴɱҶ壬ָ繴ץҶš
Ҷ弱ˣͬʱһ飬쭡
һָ˴󽣣Ҷֱһ飬ŵŵź
ȫɣ㲻ȫĻ㲻ҵĶ֣һҶ壬罣бб£Ԫ۳âնɱҶš
Ҷ忪ɵ֣һֵն֮罣ն˳ȥһ֮ʱâɣţ֮ȥ
鱳һವһƵʮ֮⣬ٶȿ쵽˼¡
ҶתȼѪһȼյĻ¯Ѫ졣ʹȼѪ֮Ҷ̤Ӱٲɱȥȡ
ƿ㿪Ҷ壬𾪵ħ䣡
ħ䣿Ҷü
ôħһطħ䡷鿴Ҷ壬ɫǾ֮ɫ
Ҳ֪ʲôħ䡷ѧǡȼѪҶ˵
ȼѪɫ΢䣬ѵǡħ䡷Ĳƪ
̧ͷҶ壬˵ħһطħ䡷һƪСȼѪ䡯ûղõȼѪӦȼѪĲƪ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ȼ뵽һˣǾǹˡ֮ץסΪ˵õϵġȼѪȼѪֻ˽طѣ˾Ȼ˿أʱҶоͺ֣׹ΪʲôôõȼѪˡ
ħĶа̵ĳ϶ôõħ塭һʲô壿
뵽Ҷ忴飬ʵ޼½ϣħ𣿡


247 һ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷϾѾȥʮ꣬ԼҲ֪޼½ϻûԼˡ
ҼһˣǸߡȼѪ˵᲻ħˣҶʵ
˻֪ħ䡷δħˣħǰʹӡ²⡣
ʹӣҶɫ䣬ѵħʹӣ
СģҪˣ
ȻٴγҶ壬һȭħ졣
ҶתȼѪˣͬʱ̧һץ֮ɫ֣ץȥ
֪֮Ŀ£ûӲӣ߷ɣܿ˺ɫֵĹɵ߿պһᣬħ죬һӰҶնɱȥ
Ҷ󽣣һ£ʱն룬Żһ
ವһȻҶץҶȥ
Ҷɫ䣬æתȼѪʹӰٲ˼ɣնյıܿĹٶȸ죬ʯ֮ٴӵҶ屳ַ˹
ΣͷҶüһͷӿģݻˡ󡱣Ԫ󣬻һһȥڡ
䡭
ֿȭɱײ𶯾ʮء
Ҷͷų֮֮ϣ˶ţһ嵽һȭ֮Ͳȭͷϡ
ɫ΢䣬һȭɡ󡱻һһתһȭһҶ岻ĺ˼Ҳ˼ͬʱȭͷѾѪģ
ǿȻֵס֮ɡ
ҶĿһ飬ٴλȭ飬֮ϯȥ
һЦһӣԪ£ɫУնɱ֮ʱ˺ѡ
Ҷ嶯ݡ
ǻԪ߲еֶΣԪ֮޼᲻ݣɵȻǻ޷ԪЦ
Ҷɫ䡣
ģҲʹԪ֮ģʥԸһأعʹûԪڵһЦһȭɱҶ壬Ԫ֣֮Ҷ塣
Ԫ֮ǻԪ߲žеģȷʵֻ˻Ԫڵ
Ҷһĳ֮ɫ֣ӭȥһײ
ܽһУ͹ˡһħһľѧħ֮ŭ
һЦͻȻθʮɣħ죬γһصľӰ˴źɫսףݡ
ȻһָҶ壬Ҳ֣֮һָҶȥ𶯣ܲסһָ֮
Ҷͫһ˼ͬʱüͷųͷģݻɡ̫󡱣˵ָȥ
¡һָ̫֮ϣ̫ʱķġţ˵ָҶ尴˹ȥֲѹҶ崭
Ҷҧ󽣣ɷԲ˰ɵԪһ˵ָȥ
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ˡ黺˵˵䣬Ѿ£˫ۡ
ԶҶأסڷڵѪ֮˿ߵĴȥţâ磬âʧʱҶѾͨһߣһߣʥͼһ졣
ʥͼΪ涴;죬ֻдͨŵһأܽһ졣ҲֻдһأܿƵһͨš
ȻĴһˡԶкӿɢȥһŮ˺Ȼ֣ŮħŮ
Ҷ̧ͷħŮʵôͨţ
ĸǸ˵ͨŹʮΣÿͨһأܿһΡħŮЦҪ߶ͨţڵΪ»ЩǿȻʵ㲻Լ߶ͨҲУԪʯ
˵ţħŮָһһҶüģʱ߶ͨŵķҶԺС
߶ͨţĴԪЩԪ߱ṩҲԪʯΪҶֻǻԪߣ߶ͨţҲûԪڣԲ߲ԣħŮŻ˵ҶΪ
ʥͼһ죬ͨ⣬һ߶ȴ߶ͨŻҪѡ
ȻԶһɫ䣬ȻиŮˣ˲Ǳˣǹĸ
ȴ߶ͨŻҪѡҶ忴Źĸʵʲô
֣ĸЦʥɼʯǳʮƳɹıʥѹ˺ܶħĸ֡
ʲôطҶʵ
㿴Ķĸ̧ͷա
ҶҲ̧ͷȥֻкȻһ־޴ޱȵɫ̣ҫ֮
֣ÿ߶һ֣ҪʮԪ֡ħŮ˵
Ԫʯ߶ֵĻÿοҪǧԪʯĸЦ
Ҷɫ䡣
Ҫ߶ֺͨţö׼ĸЦ
Ҷ岻֪ǸЦǸÿޡ
ˣһҲʥµĶھʹȥħŮ˵ţȴ·ĸҶ
ܿ죬ħŮ͹ĸҶһ漴뿪˴ֻʣҶ塣
ģǷģɢ뵵ĹâЩĺ֮ǰҶ忴ġ󡱷һģֻҶ嵱ĸ£Ӿ
󣡡ҶĿһǰͷ֣ѧġ󡱲ȫпǲƪѾԿ϶ǰѧȷʵǲƪ
ǰڣиӾġ󡱣ֻ˵ǰڵġ󡱣Ӧǵڶأ֮ǰѧġ󡱣Ӧֻǵһضѡ
ѾɱһΣ˵ڤ빦֮ٴɱ䡣ħˮɺȻЦ
ҶԲٳɣڴУͷųͷӿϸڤ빦
ڤ빦󷨣ÿһضޱȣҪ򣬲һһϦܳɹġֻһƤëҲò
Ҷȫˡڤ빦С
Ҳ֪˶ãҶߵķݻˡ󡱣һһͷ
¡Ԫڣꡣ
ڤ빦ڶأҶѾСɣպܲܽ׹ɱ䣬ÿԼ
ʱ󣬷ĻصҶüģҶ뿪˴뿪ʥͼص᷿


248 Բ
ص᷿֮ҶŹ߳˷䡭
ûãҶһ뿪ңȥ䳡
䳡ơϺơ½ϷѾĳҲѾ䳡
Ҷ䳡ʱ˲˵ע⡣
½֣СǸŮˣӦþҪҵˣ
ϯϣľҶ⣬½Ϸ˵
Ŷľ֣ҪҵŮˣôҶһ𣿡½ϷһЦ
Ҳ֪˵ĸҶ壬˽Ҷ죬Ī˲ɣľ
ľ֣㲻˵ҪҶҶĸҶйأ񲻸ã½ϷЦ
½˵ûľһЦӻȡһö򣬵½Ϸɣ˵޳ǵʮط֮һ½֣ҳҶ죬ҰҰǸŮ˸㵽֣л
ľֿˣ½ϷһЦס
ľЦСֻ֣ҪҶ½Ϸɳ֣½׾Բǻ߳ǣ
ڶľ½Ϸ̸ʱ򣬹ϯϵ˺Ȼ
˵Ҷܲܽһ֣˵ʵ
ϺƵĻӦһЩᣬƺ½ٳĻ¾ûлˡ
ûƺ½ٳԱȼʥ콾ˣҶӮʵ̫ˡ
ǰҶϾֻǻԪڶѣƺ½ٳѾǻԪڡ
ΣҶ˽ǰˣӦ֪ˡ
۷׷׵ʱҶѾ֮ء
Ҷʦܣ˵ĶսɳģҲ£Ķֲƾ½Ϸɣ庮Ҷ壬ɫء
½׵ĻҲƺ½Ϸǰ档ҶһЦ
򶨣ԼĶ֪ԶĪ˼Ц
ٷϻĻ˻ǣҶתͷźˣЦ
ߣʲôҲвǣŭЦ
ٺ٣Ϊҽǰͺ˲Ҹ㣬һֻϻ򵥣ĪмЦ
룡ҶɨĪкͺһۣȻνһȥ죬˵Ŀ⡣
ĪͫһˣѾˣѾնɱΣͷ˼æԵĵֽеֵ죬Īƺһʮ
ҪǵҲһֻסҶ嵭ڡ
ϯϵ˷׷ɫ䣬Ҷ˻ǿƣ
Īɫࡣ

Ȼһϻڡ
˷׷װٶ˵ʲô
֣һ½ϷɶϺƣϻڡ
˷׷ɫ䣬ϺƵĶ־Ȼ½Ϸɡ
ҶʦܣĶƣ庮ȻҶ壬ɫء
ĪЦƺѾҶ屻նڽµĳ档
ಣಣ
ʱϺƺ½Ϸɶɵ̨֮ϣ˶Ŀ˹ȥϺƺ½Ϸɶǵ콾Ϻȴû½ϷᲢۣϾ½Ϸɿ¥ʥ˴֮һĵϵӡ
Ҫ𣿡½Ϸʵ
ɫ΢䣬½ϷɾȻһϺơ
ٺ٣½ٳûн֣󵽵˭˭Ӯδ֪֮Ϻŭ⣬Ц
ܽȭӮˣ½ϷһЦһһȭϺƣһɫȭͷϣԪȼһ࣬Χȭͷת
ϳ½Ϸɵ
¥ʥ˴֮һ½ңӵлϵֻ֮һ˵½һиֲĻϵޱȡ
½ϷǿưԵһȭϺƸӲӣæˡѾˣ½ϷѾ֮£Ϻֻܼ޸¡
½ϷһȭϺеľ޸ţ½ϷһϺƣֺһȭΣͷϺƻȭӭȥһϺƵɳֱ̨۶սˡ
˾㤣ȭ½ϷɾȻֻȭͻϺơ
½׵һЦ
ԣæе̾½Ϸ츳ˣе̾½Ϸɸš
ϷɣϢɡ½Ц
ǣ½ϷһЦɵ˹ϯϡ
ͬʱϼҵ˰ϺƷ䳡
һƣҶ죡ĳٴοڡ
Ϣ֮أվһԾ̨֮ϣԶҶ塣
ҶһЦҲһԾ̨֮ϡ
ҶҲýϧĶֱýעܻӮϯ̾һ
ûһУûڽʤƣƵĽ֮һܶ˶Ҷ塣
ʱ̨ϵƺȻ½ϷɵĴϵܣɱԲ̨
ɫ΢䣬֪Ҷʲôʱ½Ϸɡ
̧ͷҶ壬Ƶ˵Ҳɱ㣬ҪҲòɱ㡣
ҪҵҶɫ΢䡣
㶼ˣҲ޷ٳɱ㡣
㡱ָոճڣƵĽѾʣձһ֧֮Ҷĺȥ
ûһж죬ֻоǰһ˾ѾҶǰĽҶĺѾһ硣
ΪҶɵʱ򣬵һҶ岻֪ʱȻ˱ľᵲںǰסƵĽཻһ𻨡
˷׷ɫ䡣
ȻҵĶ֣ƵڣһŤ˵һһתһȦȦҶ˶
ţƼ𱦽Ҷ壬ǧٵնɱҶ塣ԶԶȥҶ˶֪
Ȼһν忪㽣Ҷ尲ȻĳǰͬʱνٶȲƶȥ
ԭزӽһɨһν롣ҶĹ벽һҶ壬գǣɱҶȥ
ʮʽ֮һХ£
Ҷҡֱϣ߿գɵ̨Ͽʮɵʱһ£꣬Ƕȥ
䣡ǶʱĴ䣬䳡ϵʯ屻նѺۡ
˾㤣ҶĽȻ˸
ͻƵԪڵĻкһսʵڵ㻹ҵĶ֣
̧ͷҶ壬˵ȻûҶ嵱Ķ֡
ȻûͻƣҲӮ㣡Ҷ帩ƣڡ
Բѣ˷׷׼Ц


249 Խ
ԪڶѣҲսʤҶЦҼЦ
ûСǴԲѣҵĳǷ׷׼Ц
ŻԪڶѣҲҴԲѵ˵ܴӮƣʵڿЦϼҺҵĳҲ׷׼Ц
¡
Ȼ̨ڷĺĿȥֻٴλӽԪ֮ʮɳĽնɱҶ塣
Ҷüһͷɳʱ죬ݻɡ󡱣ס˽һնں֮ϣʱᣬţҲ֮
ʦΣƺȻεضһ籩ϯҶȥ
ʮʽ֮һɲ񷣡
ҶƷģݻ̫󡱣ѹĽ籩
䣡նɱ̫֮ϣʱţ̫Ҳķġ
˷׷ɫ䣬ҶȻƵɱУ᲻
ôܣȻƶû취ɱĪҲ𾪡
ƻûгȫƾȫĻҶĿ϶ƵĶ֣Ц
ûƻûʹõ֣һƾȫĻҶıذɣĪЦ

Զ̨ϺȻҶٴβó̫ѹƣ̫绪һ㣬â硣
Ʋ˷һ̫֮ϣ̫ķġƺ˰벽̧ͷҶ壬еһ¶֮ɫ
ವһҲ֪̤ʲôȵĳҶǰһҶ壡
ݻɡ󡱣סƵĽһһ飬ġҶʱҶѾʧ
棡Ŀһٿתʱƾճ֣УһӰɳҶ壡
Ҷһ֣ͻӽơ
Ʋûоţܴݵĳȥཻ磬Ҷɳȥʮ֮⡣
ܲѾܶûһĶˡû׷Цһ˦ˢһеıɳбб̨䡣
˷׷ɫ䣬Ѿµʲôˡ
Ȼֻſƣһͨѩ׵ĳȻУһʱ̨ϡ
֣
ڼĵ֣ͬһսѾܱ֡ຮıֺƵһϡ
չǧѾɱ䣬ԪҲκβƣСȻԲƵĶ֣ҵһЦ
ûƵʵ½ٳ֮⣬벻ǻ˭ƵĶ֣һҳЦ
һսӮˣҵĳһЦ
Զ뿴еıɫ쳣أ۹⣬ῴƵĵѾɱ䡣
ߵڵĵֺһֶͨɱ䡣һַɱ䣬ȻǿŵĻɱĵ֣߱սľ֣ϵܵʵɱҶ첢ʲô¡½ϷɿŶľЦ˵ҶһūûʲôɱҲɱˡ
½֣ϲ½ֶһ츳˵ĵӡľһЦ
½Ϸɸ˵̨ϺȻͶľͬʱ̨ȥ
̨ϣһն£ѩնɱҶȥ죬䳡¶Ȼ½
ľһ¾ǻԪҲӲӡ
ҶʩչӰٲһ̨һǣһѩԭ֮أ̨ʱеһ飬п֮˲䱻
˵
ʮ֮ڣذɣƵڣɱҶ壬ٴμնɱҶ壬δѾҶҶȫ˱
ΪҶᱻնɱʱҶϵľſڷɽͬʱɳгһֱߣƶȥ

ƻӽɽɽͱײ𻨡
˷׷ɫ䡣
˳Ծ֮ʱҶüٴͷųͷģţſڷɽֹͣƣһת˷֮С
ҶԾſڷɽΪۣʼáԽ󡱣Ԫ֮γһͼԵİ˸Լһڷɽͷų⣬ҫ֮
ವһͼתƶȥ
ûжܣֱӻӽ˰ͼ
ƵĽһڰͼֽϣͼоͷųƶȥ
ɫ䣬æˣ˵ͬʱٴμнȫɱŻ˱
ûƷӦԽͼѾɵͷͼһת˷Ԫʱͼϯűʮɳľ޽⳯£նɱƶȥ
̧ͷŴľ޽һһȦȦƿն籩һ㡣
ű޽ͽײ쳹˷
ȻҶƽµ̨Ȼʯɽʮɸߵɳ㣬ʱҶڱ
˷׷ɫ䡣
ڣɳɢȥֿҶơƵ۾Ȼһ˿ڣѪҺ𣬺ҫۡ
ôܣƾȻˣ𾪡
ôܻˣҵĳҲ𾪲ѡ
硭ȻˡຮŵĿơ
ôܡĪе˵Ҳдš
׽Ӧ̻ģ̻ỹá½
ʱƿҶ壬ôǵһ˵ҵˣҪˣ
δ䣬ӰһʸҶȥһնҶ塣
Ҷ޾壬ͷһԽͼȻ˹ǰͼ籩滨ƶȥ
ɫ䣬æƼɣնյıܿ˽Ĺ
ҵƾ㻹ûʸߣҶЦͷһͼٴηƶȥ
ʱбԽͼеĽֻܲϵܡ
ɫ䣬ƾȻ׷ŴֵĻᶼûС
ȻŭһϢǣеıͷų
ƣס֣ҼȻһ
Ҽĺɫһ䣬ʱҼٴδȣȨ
ƽҧȻȨ
һУԲã㲻һҲаմӮԼһսҲ㣡Ҽ
һУƲ󷨣ƴ
Ȼˣ䣬ԺеǻӮҼ
ĿҶһۣ˵ı䣬Ȩ
δ䣬ȻһԾɳ䳡
˷׷ɫ䣬ƾȻȨˡ


250 һս
Ȩ½ϷɺͶľȨˣͬʱɫ䡣
ȨǶˣٴȥ϶䣬Сӵ󷨺ǿľȻڡ
û̻İԽ󣬿ûôӦûв´ĻѧİԽֻǻֶѣİԽ󣬿ǵؽ󷨣ԶԶֹڴˡ½һЦ
ҵļ׷ɫ䡣
ɶĻҪôӦĽ󣿡½׺Ȼ½ϷɣЦʵ
Ƶۣ½Ϸɻش
ľֶӦӦĽ󣿡½׿Ŷľʵ
ƵֻۣߡսĻͲʹýˡľһ²ſڡ
½һЦû˵ľ½ϷɵĻشԲԣǿԶ䳡Ҷ壬ڣһ½ϷɶҶ죬ʱʼӮˣƷΪͳ졣
˷׷ɫ䣬ʹ;Ȼ˷ƷСңջʤ˾ȻܳΪͳ졭Ҫ֪ǣͳҲֻа˸ѣĸҡҵĴҵļ
ɶһսֻʤܣҪǶ֪һһţ½ջĿ⣬תͷ½Ϸɣ˵
ģҵĶ֣½ϷһЦ
½ЦˣԼĶӳš

ʱҶѾصڵϢϣĵȴšҶȴ俪ʼʱ䳡ݣţһ̨
Ҷʦܣ½ϷɱƻҪ£ǧҪСģ庮Ҷ塣
Ҷ˵ͷ¥ʥ˴ĵϵӣԲߡ
˵½ϷɣҶ岻뵽̨˵Ļ˵½ϷҪΪʲô½ϷɱңҶ岻⣬ǵãûе½Ϸɡ
˲ҲˣҶ岻ȥ½Ϸɣ½ϷҪɱȻ׷Ź½ϷɡȻǵѣʱ½ϷɷϾǣһܡ
ĸ֪½ʲôΪ𣿡ҶȻʥͼڵĹĸ
󾳡ʲô磬Ҳ֪Ҵʥͼĸش
Ҵ߶ͨŵĻ׷õ𣿡Ҷʣܴͨȫ뿪ǵĻֱնɱ½Ϸɡ
߶һͨţҪǧԪʯôԪʯ𣿡ĸЦʵ
һҶ˵ҰʱõһѾ˥ܣ̺Ԫ㹻߶һͨŵġ
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251 ս½Ϸɣ
½ϷסΣ̧ͷҶ壬ɫޱȡ
Ҵûǹ㣬ȴɱңȻҹ˳㣬㲻ÿЦ𣿡ҶЦüͷųͷġ
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252 ɵ
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253 
أţ
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Ҷ忴ԶĻ𺣣Ȼ뵽һˣɫ䡣


254 
ٺ٣СˣϴˣΣҾԲܵ
ƬУаЦٴδĵ׷
˾ɣеظֵ˭Ϊ˭
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ֱ޵Զȥˣ˿

֮⣬Ҷһʮɳɫ֮ϣٷɳۡıһ뿪ǣȡ˱Ҷӡ
Ҷ忴⣬Ȼ뵽ĻѪʱ򣬻޵ѰһŮˣǸŮؾ⡣ǸŮ⣬ΪʲôҪ͵Ϯ޵ĪǣҲΪǼ
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ˣˣСͯһЦ˿ͷҲأƿշߡ
뿪СͯҶ壬ЦҾ㣬ܸøЩرɣ


256 ʹ
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ɫ䣬û뵽ҵȻıӿˡղ½׽ֵˣȻҵͻޣ


258 Ǩ
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½ףӦ֪ҼȻ˵ҵ̡һЦ
ڱǰʲộ㶼ɣ½Ц
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Ǹô죿ҵ뿴½ס
ҵߡ½׻ڡ
ҵ˵㡣
ӣҪ㵽ʲô½Ц

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棬ڸô죿ٸҵĵϵӿ幺ӣҵ˵ȻֹЩ󲿷ҵ˶ɵطĶҵľӢ
ȥأ广롣
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ʥǣɫ䣬ʵ磬ΪʲôҪȥʥǣ
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Уɫһ䣬еĴȻңʹ֮һУϵĸ֣ԶԶ½֮ϡ
²˳٣ȥ˵ɡ˵ţѾȳŽڷȥ幽
ܿ죬ӺأҵѾȺʱ
ߵľԱߣϵļݣϣФΪ˱סѪܲʱǵĻҵ治Ҫ
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ʱתſľְڿľ֮ϣâѿľâɢȥʱ򣬿ľѾ
תӣ˵磬Կʼˣ
ӵ˵ͷߵԶĿյϣһӣâէһƴСĶɳȻ󣬲ͷųҫ۵Ĺâת˲֮䣬ѰƴСĶͱһֱɵļ̨
ţüһͷģĹɹϵͼ˼̨֮ϡ
ͼ̨ҵ˶ʱӦԭڲôͼ̨
ʮµϼ̨ȻǶʮ֮£Դƣ广˵
ҵԥһ£ε˴ͼ̨
ͼֱ̨Ӵ͵ʥǣ뿪֮²һͼ̨ӿ幣ɫ
幵˵ͷϾ£ܲóִͼ̨Ѿˡ
Ӵ߶ͼ̨ʱһЦӣŋ־իˣΪʲôҪҵܣ
ЦУ帮Ͽһ˳ìì֮ϲž졣
½׳ˣ
磬Ȱ˴ߣס½ףɫһ䣬𣬷ì
һҧüͷųͷ봫ͼ̨ʼ߶ͼ̨
¡
ͬʱ幼ɵì֮ؼ䡣
ߣҪǱǩԼɱ㣡ɱϼһӽ
ЦУ½״һҽ֮ڣȵѪΪϯ;һж˻ҽ
½׽ҽصʱЦ帮Ͽմٺ٣ģ幾Ի죡
ҵ˷׷ɫ䡣
ӵɫҲˣа̾Ѿˣ
ӣɱ幣ȴɱ㣬ɲҵˣ
½ֳֳìͥŲӣߵѹϯ˷˴
½ףҲԸΪЧưӣһʮꡣҿԲ㣬ңһԼΪҵˣֱ½ס
ٺ٣ӣһΪ½½ЦŹҵˣ幹ȻΥĻҶʱѾҡ
֪һս֮⣬Ѿûѡ
ӣʮκβ˱㻹ʲôֶΣ
½Цһһìӣ죬帮ʱ֡
ͷһ죬һϣסǰ
¡ìϣӣ죬˶
͡ϨŨ̷ڣӴŨ̴ӷɳǳǱǸѾѪ
˷׷ɫ䣬˲ȥ
ӣûܾȵ㣡½һЦͥŲӡ
½׼ֵʱһŮӵ帮½ף˵Ļ𣿡
Ůӵ֮ȴ½׵ɫΪ֮䡣


259 ң
˴ߣˣҶ塢⡢幡Ȼҵ֮󣬲ټΧ幣干ŻҶһص帮
⣬½𾪣û뵽Ȼܴӻ޵ѡ
½ҽأȻǳҲ㴳ҽذɣҶһЦ
½Цһһɫâƿշߡ
½뿪ˣҵǷ׷˿
ǰǴȥʲôطҶתŴͼ̨˲ף뿪ǡ
ҴȥʥǣЦҲԸһȥ֮ѡξͻھʥٿȥĻԲμѡΡ
ѡΣҶĶˡ
ҶСֵܣȥʥǶĪĺôʥǿߵʥءЦҲϣҶȥʥǡ
Ҷ˵ͷҪڶʱΪȥʥȷʵһѡ񡣲Ϊܷ
ҶϵܣλҲϴͼ̨ɣ뿪˵Ц
Ҷͷͼһ˴ͼ̨
Ӵ߶ͼ̨â˺Ҷ˲䱻ˡӺҲ˴ͼ̨Ҳˡ

Ҷ뿪ǵʱĳطһƬ÷ֵУһ÷ֵСƮ÷һ꣬˲仯˻ҽ
ϸȥϾȻһѪɫ塣ȻѪɫ壬
ȻǧƬ÷Ʈ¡
û˫ۣȻڵϣһͷϺѾȫ÷
Ȼָ֣ΪǰƮһƬ÷÷ʱ룬ϸһ÷ϾȻдһɱּ֣Ծ
һƬֵ÷󣬰ٴγִ֣÷һΣе÷֮ϣȻдһս֡
дšֵ÷ʱһĮĲ֪Ӻδ˼Σ
ΣشͬĮ
ΨɱϲΪʦɱսϵɱΪʦģһ㶼ֲôӵɱ¾Įٴδ
Ĭˡ
ɱ¾ܼѣֲ˵ĻԶͻƵأĮɱ¾˲˽֮⣬˵ɱ֮⣬Ҫѧɱɱ¾֮ᷴ߱Ϊʦ̫ɱ¾֮Ƚɱǲ;
ף˵
׺¡Į˵ΪֹԺҲˡ
ʦ˼ǡɫ΢䡣
ʥǼٿѡΣǸĺõطһȥĮ˵
ǣʦͷ÷
ߺĮ˵ҵл𣿡
ˣѾа̵˴򣡡÷˻ش
ȥʲôط
¥ʥ򣡡
¥ʥ򡭡
ˣҪȥ¥ʥ¿˳˵䡣
ҵ֮󣬰˽ˣҪΪ˵ĥʯ
ǣˣ
ͬʱӵлΣҵĵˣ
Įص÷֡

÷з飬Ҷ֪˿̣ͼѾ͵ǧ֮⡣Ǳ͵ĵطҲһǣΪңǡ
ң뾫ʥǣͨңǵġš
ʥһ츣֮ڣͨרŵġš޷롣ңǾңʹ֮أңʹͬңǵĳ˵Ĺϵǳá
ңʹڣ˸ң¡
Ҷ幵˽ңǵʱ򣬸ҵ콾ѵȻҲΪ˲μѡζġ
ٹǡšʱ䣬ҶֻסջȴŵĿӺ幰ٺ֮뿪˿ջû֪ȥʲôط
Ҷص䣬ȡħѧϰһķ䣬Ҳ֪˭Ϊҵ˽϶ţֻм
Ҷ£һһöС
ʲôҶ忴ż⡣
似˵
Ҷɫ䣬似ͨ似̫ˣʹ¥ʥ˴Ҳûж١
ԪһںԼʩչ似У似϶ΪķԣҶĿǰȻһء
¥ʥ콾Ҳ˵ڶЩʥǵ콾ˡΪҶֻһأŻ似Ҷ塣
ϾѡУҶĶȫͨˣֻһʵ̫Կˡ
Ҷûоܾĺ⣬ֽס򣬶Լ˵⣬öƻ㡣
˵ţҶѲǰƵݸ˼⡣
˵öƣ̻Ϊɴ˿ԿöƵĹأѾ似Բöơ
ѾͳȥˣջĮ˵
Ҷ֪Ȼջȥô˵Ҳ޼£ЦЦ˵ȻѾҵģӦȨɣ
ģҲν˵
ҶһЦͷƣϵ˵ưƣΪ֤ӽ쿪ʼʲô鷳Ҷϵɽ»Ҳᾡȫ⣡
˵꣬Ƶݸ⣬Цǵļ֤ˣҰ㣬ɲܰŪˣ
ллûпƣĿҶһۣſ˵һллֽסơ
μѡε˶򵥣ԼҪСġ˵ţȻ߳˷䣬ֻһ㡭
ٺ٣ҵľŮӦǿˣħˮɵЦȻľд
Ҷֱħˮɣһ˶ǣĶľ飿
ԼüģеϢʱԺС
ǧĵ䡭Ҷмص似Ϊǧĵ䡷
ǧĵ䡷ѳʮȻֱʮÿ֮󣬻Űپʮŵϼһǧ
󣬰һǧ۳һӣÿһӣһȻͬΪһأɡǧĵ䡷ҪԶԶͨ似ǿöࡣ


 ʥǷ


260 
Ҷڷڣšǧĵ䡷ࡰ񡱾ǧĵеķָʮݣţֿʼָʮֵеһݡ
̽ǳһͣ򽫻Ṧһ
ʱҶѾָٷһѾͣ˺ܾãôͷָٷˮɵ¡
ʱš
һ֮ҶѾѷָһǧţϴЩЩ׳ҲǳҲ֮ܲĴ֮׳աǧĵ䡷еķǧܿ죬۳һӡ
񡭡ĸ˵øǿˡ
۳֮Ҷ̧һץ˷Ԫϯγһ뵵ĹԪ̺ˡ
ȻͬһأȴԶԶǰǿö࡭ҶĵȻͬ죬ֻһأȴܺڶص࿹⡣
似Ʒܸߣǵؽ似ħˮɺȻڡ
Ҷ岢ħˮ˵Ļǧĵ䡷ǵؽ似
似ٶȣܸٶˡħˮЦЦȻˣŻûп似һ飬ѡϵĸֿɲ٣ʱľѾ޷սֻ似
Ҷ֪ħˮ˵Ļû˻ԪÿСܿ죬Ҫսֻвϴ似似ӵ¡
Ϊֹ似СʮŽңơȭӰٲָ羢ȭ󾢡ȼѪ
Сڤ빦̫󡷡󡷡󡷡󡷡󡷡
Щ似û£ûа似ѹӵ¡Ҫѹ콾Щ似ܵķӳ
˼Ƭ̺似Ȼٲ󷨡
ʥͼʥͼڴУʼƷ
ңơ
ҶʼңƣʱƷХӰɡ
֮ˣΪһأ֮ʮˣΪڶأ֮ʮˣΪءҶѾ֮ʮˣƷ¡
ľˣҪң²¡
ӰƷ𣬺Ӱ֮ԽԽҶӰԽԽࡣûãӰѾʮ֮ʮˣڰң˵ء
ûͣǼƷƷԽԽ졣
Ҷüһһƽ˺Ȼڷڡ
ޣ
͸ĻޣڣҪĶֻ֡Եˣ似ܷӳֻռӵߣԶܳΪ֡
ƽҶķԸû˵ͳɱҶȥȭ͹ȭͷ˺ѿ
ҶӰɣڻƽߣƽ˼սӰ˲仯ʮ
ײ쳹
սʮ֮Ҷ廻һ似ʹȭƽˡȭİԵңƵƮγĶԱȡ
ƽ˸֪ʹҲ֪ƣ룬Ҷһ£ʹȫҶһսһǿĶ֣ҶĽܿ졣
ʱ󣬻ƽ˺Ҷͣ֡Ҷתڤ빦ָһһͷԪڡ
ָ֮ҶȡľһΣ
ʮֻʮһ⣬˽׾ŽҲֻ˵ĽҶĽҲ֪ǲ֮ܲġ
ˮɣҵĶ֣ҶЦ
ٺ٣ҽ֣һʼ;ȫħˮһЦľҶѳȥ
Ҷһһ˲仯һ߳Ĵ󽣣ڹݺᡣ
СģҪˣħˮһЦľһնɱҶȥһ绮
Ҷ󽣣ʹʮ˷͹
ľʹײ𻨡
ҶĽٶȼħˮͬˣħˮѹҶͰˡ
ڳɭĽ˿˴룬ضᱻʳƬ
ħˮɵĽУҶŶʮʮ͵ʮĪ˵Ҫʮ
Դ֮Ҷ仰˼Ҫʹʮ
뵽Ҷ峢Űע֣ʹʮ޻һ
ν޻ڣһǰɱе·֮ˡ
ಣҶһ˺һ⣬˲Զľ֮ϡ
һ죬ľʱɡ
Ҷأ̧ͷűɳȥľ΢һ֮ǿٶ֮죬ԶԶ
ѧʮˣħˮɵľд
ҶһЦ֪ʮΣ
ʮǿ᲻ڴʮ
Ī˵Ҫѧڵʮ˽һǲǶʮǿһ
λǰ˵˽ĻܴʮĽҶĿһʮĽ׽ǿһ
ҰĻʣµ
ħˮһЦٴοľնɱҶ壬ա
ҶһԽӽ죬ɨ˷
һһʱڴмս
ʱҶսҪ˽һΪʱ硭
ʹöʮʹŽе˽׾Žٴħˮɽ
˽׾Žһ֮ڶ֮֮Ľָ
һнҶֻС
жӦİǡԡ֣ҶڻûҲûκͷ
ħˮɰʱĽ֮Ȼûн֮£ֹֻͣħˮɽ֣ڴоϸĸŰֵĺ塣
ħˮɿľһҶ屳Ľڣڶʱ
֣֣áҶ߻Űֵĺ壬ŵнģһ˿


261 
Ű֣Ҷ岻뵽ˡңơ
֣֣áңƿӰҿԴƷнԼн彣Ӧý֮ҶѾҵ彣ķ
֮Ҷңƣ֮
ݣʱҶȫڽĸС
֮ˣˡҶңƵܸ٣ݳ彣֮
ˢҶľţһŵûǰ
ŵУһʵĽѷֱ棬˽׾Ž彣֮ոմһнֻܻû;ŵõĽ
Ҷʱһӷ洫ʥͼУҶʦܣɢ¥ٰᣬңڣлԪϵ߶յҲܵ˼ݣȥȥ
ԣҶֹͣ򽣣ͷһһʥͼ⡣
ʥͼ֮Ҷƿ˳ȥʱ庮庮Цʵɢ¥ʲôطô£УԷô֪ǣ
庮ûлشϾǾ֮ɫ˭
˿̵ҶѾָ˱ò֮ǰġҶ족庮Żһ
ʦ֣һ󣬿ûıԼòǰҲҡҶЦ
ʦֶΣ庮̫˽⣬нŽɡ
ʦ֣㻹ûлشҵ⡣ҶһЦ
庮εЦЦ˵ҶʦܣӦ˵˼ʥɣ
˼ʥ򣿡Ҷüû˵˼ʥ
庮Ҷı飬΢΢һ㶣ȻҶΪʲô֪˼ʥ򣬲ûжʲôЦŽ͵˼ʥʵ¥ʥڰ˼ʥ򣬹ɺҡ
ѵɢ¥֮һҶ²⡣
ûɢ¥¥ʥ֮һɵĵȫŮޣʵ¥ʥκһ庮˵
¥ʥ򣬰˼ʥΪʲôҶ岻⡣
Ҷʦܣ֪ˡ庮˵ÿѡΣ˼ʥ¥ʥ콾һμӣԣɢ¥˲Ż¥ʥ򡣡
һ٣˵ᣬɢ¥ʥŮȻٰģ˵֮󣬶뾲аڣ콾Ѿȥɢ¥Ϊľǵõ衣
ɢ¥ʥŮϢôͨңôǾȻ֪סҶЩԾ
˼ʥϢͨľɢ¥ɢ¥ķ¥鲼£רΪռ鱨סҾ¥ʱɢ¥ӦþյϢˡ庮˵
庮ҶûԼΪ˿Ҳ
ʲôʱʼҶʵ
ʱԺ󡣡庮ش
߰ɡҶһЦ߽뾲״̬ġ衱ܸȤ
Ҷ庮Լҵļ뿪˾¥ɢ¥ȥ

ɢ¥ңǶߣ˿̣ɢ¥Ѿɽ˺ӶѾ
ɢ¥ſڣȻһ뵵ĹĻſڶſĵķŮӣЦӯӯĿˣ۲ˮƺ԰ڻ
һĿĴ󺺴һߵſڣһȭĻ
䣡Ļɢҫ۵Ĺâƺһɳʮ׿⡣
Χ˷׷ɫ䣬аÿµķ󷨣
ҼС˵ˣԪµߣƿ󷨡Ȼô࣬츳֮ȱȽǣԻԪΪƿ󷨵ҲкܶࡣſڴһŮЦ
ҼС㻹˵˭ҪԻԪڵΪƿɢ¥˿Ϊɢ¥صȹһŮЦ
֪صȹʲôôһ߳ʵ
Ǻǣƿ󷨣ٸҲ٣Ů뽿Ц
λ¾׳ˣҲֱ˹Ļ
ĿתĿš
֪˭ȻȺ˵
˭ʵ
ǰսҵˣ˵ǰոͻƵԪڣ˻ش
սҵˣΧ˷׷ɫ䡣
սҵ츳˵ã϶ƿ󷨣ݵ𾪹˵۵
ҿδأϾոͻƣ粻ȣҡҡͷꡣ
˵ˣҵ˼ʹոͻƣҲܰս϶ߣ˵
쿴ҪˣȺѡ
ĿȥֻתԪһͺ֮һָ˹Ļ֮ϡ
Ļ˰벽
ûƿ˷׷ɫ䣬Ȼҵ콾ҲƲѵҪԪڣ۳Ԫ֮˲ܹƿ
ӣѾԹˣȻû취ƿ󷨵ĻǾûҪʲôôˣһŮЦ
ĳû취μˡ̾һתȥ
˭𣿡Ůʵò
û˵ֳʱ÷ǳ
Ȼ˺ȶ𣺡࣬࡭
˷׷ɫ䣬ĿȥȺУһֲ£źڵϣžƺ«ںȾơ꿴㲣ɫǳ԰ףһֱ̬ĸо
òĻ˵һ˲ţϧĴŸ˵ĸоͺһūɴҵ˶ū
ȺУҶ庮ˣҲ˵Ŀ⿴˹ȥصꡣ
ߣūôܵˣȺкȻ˺
ĶһūȺв˺
Ҷü߳ȥ庮Ȼס˵Ҷʦܣңкܶ壬㷸ΪһūЩˣ
ԣҶתͷ庮Ц˳Ϊ񣡡
˵꣬Ҷ庮֣Ǹȥ
񣡡Ҷص庮˶У𾪵ǣʵ޷ҶȻһ
𾪵ʱҶѾߵǸߣЦѣʵ̫ˣôطȾƣ
һ˷׷ɫ䣬мЦһ˳Сӣղ˵ʲô
𣿡Ҷ˼һۡ
һɫһ뱩ѣ⼸Ȼʹɫ˵СӸôţض̣Ū˵
Ǹɫ˵ͷ
ѣ֪ĸˣʵ
Ҷֱǡ
ǵɫʱһ
ۿǼŭǸžƺ«Ȼ̧ͷҶ壬ЦѣȾƲգ֪Ϊʲô
ŶΪʲôҶ忴꣬Цʵеʱе˵һۿܳΪѣҶ˿ָ̾о
Ϊˣɨɢ¥ǿڵŮ
ŮһЦҲ޼ɵĴš
ɨŮһۣתͷҶ壬Ц֮⣬һȺˣϲ£ԽҺԽо
˵ûطĴȷʵܶ࣡ҶЦ


262 
Ҷ˵ĶԻڳ˷׷ɫ䡣
Ķ˵˭ǴˣȺЦ
ֱˣҶ壬Ц죬֪ѽʲô֣
Ҷ壡ҶһЦ
ѣ˵ɢ¥ζ벻볢һЦʵ
ξΪģҶЦ
ԲѣȺ󷽴Ц
ĿȥֻȺѪ£ǱǸİСͯӣȻͯӣȴСӣԵø⻬
ҲȵģһѪЦ
ӦѪŵˣȺ𾪡
ûӦѪŵˣǰʥںϵȵ˾Ѿˣ벻ѪŵҲˡҡҡͷЩ콾ڣѾûϣõˡ
Ҷ֣ǽǹ˵Ǹô죿ȻЦ
Ҷ忴Ѫ꣬ЦһǸô
Ѫɫһ֣ſһŮȻЦ幹ӣɢ¥ǻûֵĻ⣬ɢ¥ʸûУֺαظһʶ
ԣǱΪ幡ѪһЦ˵û
ıҶһۣ广ߵѪӣЦ磬ͽȥɡ
ȻǸźӵͯЦٺ٣ǣ㶯󣬻Ҷ֣
׹ͯӣǶö֣£ܾˡǵڣš
˰ԾֻǻԪڶѣѵƿ󷨣
ҶʦܣѪ콾֮һȻֻǻԪڣȴնɱԪߣ˵ƿ󷨡庮ҶߣҶ˵
ܲܣϾ֪ˡҶһЦɢ¥ſڿȥ庮Ҳ׷׿˹ȥ
ߵĻǰѪէһѪȻУѪҫ֮
סĿתĿ幡
Ȼ年һĻ磬ҫ֮
䣡ĻһѷȻ֣ѷ컺һ˽롣
ɢ¥ǺͰ׹ͯҲɢ¥ǸոսȥĻͻ£
ȻˣȺ𾪵
Ѫ콾˷׷׾̾
λҲˣԪȷʵҲƿ󷨣˭һԣſڵŮЦЦͬʱҶˡ
˳ŮĿ⿴ȥҶ˵ʱо¶м֮ɫ룺ЩʲôҲѪŵ콾Ტۣ
Ҳѹǻô룬ϾѪſ¥ʥ˴֮һ
СӣղŲǺֵĻҲˣȺ˼ЦҶ塣
ûǺ𣿼ȻˣΪʲôˣţкܶ˼Ц
ҶһЦǰȥȻžƺ«վЦҶ֣ɣҲеĻҲ٣
ԣҶ˵ͷ
磬˵˭ƿ𣿡ҵ˿庮ʵ
ܲܣȻ֪ġ庮˵
ʱѾббߵɢ¥ſڣЦŶŮ˵½󷨣λϲĳ˺һ
ӳɹˣӵѾͷΣһŮЦ
ãЦֱĻǰָᵯ˹Ļ£Ļ϶ʱ
˵Ϸ׷¶м֮ɫֻҶ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ߣƲĻͱװģǿɣȺкȻ˼Ц
ûƲĻܶ˶ڼЦ졣
ûˣȻָôŹĻ
СӵǸʲôԽԽ⡣
ʱȺкȻ˾ѿˣ
˷׷ɫ䣬ĿȥĻȷʵ˼ѷ죬һ㡣
Ȼָһõѷ룬Ļʱ˺ѿһһ˽롣
ľ׷ʲô£
˲򵥣ĿѾһֲ˼ĵزڻԪڣһ߲ࡣħˮɴҶ塣
졭ҶĿһ
Ҷ֣߰ɣǿԽȥˣȻ
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264 
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265 ۻ
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ʮŽ֮ҶƤʼ䣬µƤӨ͸˸뵵Ĺ⻪籦֮⡣
塷Ҳ֪ʲôƷ似ʹҶ廹ûСɣҲǿޱȡҶ岻ǧŰپʮŽ٣Լ׻ǿʲôز
Ҷ岢֪ʱѾĺ䶯
磬Ѿȥʱ
ľĲ˼顣
ʱλðĸо
Ȼǿɨȫ֪ЩĴڣ֪Щ̸Ҷ塣
˭Ȼڻþʱ֮ã
˲콾ϵˡ
˭ҪҪǣڻеõʲô
õĶ϶򵥣һƷߵ似ֻط
ʲôɢ¥ģϾѾɢ¥ǩԼ
ûܸɢ¥һ컯ɢ¥Բ
ȰɣǾ֪׵õʲôˡ
Һڴܸɢ¥ʲô
ЩԶſɮµõһ߷𷨣
šǿǱʦԺ;ԺҪϵɣµĶÿһ򵥣ϧǲôãҲûܵõĶ
˵ŽһԵ֣˻ǷŵԵˣ
Щǿ˵ʱҶ۾˶ѵף
˷׷ɫ䣬ĿתĶҶ塣


267 
˿Ҷ壬ֻҶͷų뵵Ĺâҫ֮
ʲôˣ׹ͯӾɡ
ڻþ浽ʲô˫͵Ҳɲѡ
䣡ԪҶϯȥΧҶת籩һ㡣Ԫ籩룬Ҷȫâ䣬˲ֱӡ
˷׷ɫ䡣
ڣԪ籩ͣҶϵĹâҲʧҶ建˫ۣէ
ڻþõʲô幺Ȼʵһ߸ϵӡ
ٺ٣Сӣڻþ澿õʲô˵׹ͯӺٺһЦ
Ҷɨ幵һۣǰǵõĶҲҿһΣ
ߣҪЦʲôҲ俴ǵĶ
Ҷû˵Ȼľһնɱ并ȥݺᣬһ佣ֱ并ȥ
˷׷ɫ䣬ûϵҶֱӳֶԸѪŵˡ
ԼҲû뵽ҶֹۿмѪһ˳ȥ
䣡ѪײΪ֮һ
һ̣˷׷ɫ䣬幾Ȼ˼ϸֳһĨ֮ɫ
ʲôҶľڡ
ɫһ붯֣ȻȻЦɢ¥λɷȻһӣ
Ȼȹ￪ڵĻĳ˾СһЦʵûʮİջܣԲųų̂
һҶЦƾҲ𣿡
ɫһ
˷׷ɫ䣬Ƕû뵽ҶȻҺ幽а塣
ҶӣɷȻһӣµΪֹȻЦ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ
Цһ˵ȻЦιӣ¾͵Ϊֹɡ
ȹӣĳ˸㣡˵
ȻһЦתͷˣ˵λڻþ涫ӡһݣȻ
˵˵ͷѵõ似ӡˣ˹Ȼ
ǣҶ岢ûӡ
ôĪСӲѶɣ׹ͯӾɡ
ܣѾǩԼڵĻɣ
ȹܲܵȵؽٰ֮Ѷӡ㣿ҶȻЦ
ԣȻһЦתͷֶ˵λȥصı֮ء
˵꣬ǰ·
Ҷ˸ȥ
ûãһ޴ޱȵĹ㳡㳡ԲΣɰʯɣӫ󡣹㳡룬ȻһֻԲСĴģͨɫž;
Ҷɫ΢䣬ı죬Ȼһ
λɢ¥ı֮һģȻЦΪֹԪ֮£ûöʮϡ
˶ݣֻľȻɢ¥֮һģ
ڳ˶Ǹ콾û˵ġɢ¥ĵߴ¥ıֻƷȴޱȡ
˵ɢ¥ߴ¥ô˱һǿߡƤ;ĺǴģֻǿ֮ˣܲٿġ
Ȼ˵Ԫ£ûöʮģԲǼٻ
أȵľǴģ˭ĴԽ࣬˭ӮȻЦǰʮˣԵõ裡
ԣԾԾԡ
λ˭Ȼˡ
ʨ콾Цġ
˵ö£ѩ޻ȻЦ
ˣӦʮΣᦻڡ
ΪǻԪڣˣʮϣӦòѡ˵
ȹԪµ߼¼˭µģȻ˫ŹȻʵ
䡭Ȼ˵֣Ӧ˵ɣ
˫ͫһ
Ǻ͵Ҳ׷ɫ䡣
˭Ҷü
䣡һ춯صù˷׷׿ȥѾʼùˡ
߾ɫĹ鳣˷Ԫϯȥ񱳺γһƽʨӰ
ʨĿʨ֣Ҷ˵
ϵ֡ҶĿһʨϵ֣ϵеߵ֣ޱȡ
䣡͵ĻӶӣľһȦȦϯ㳡𶯡
ıҶɫ΢䣬ǻԪϵùĵĻĵжǿ
䣡䣡
ٴѪڡ
ÿһιģϢһݡ
ĻߵԪԣÿһιģĵ˾ͻһ֡Ȼ˵Ϊʲôûܳʱĵԭ򡣡
ٺ٣ѾͷһЩû˵ħˮɵЦȻҶС
û˵ʲôҶ崫ʵ
ڷɱ䣡ħˮɴͨջ֮˵ԪĻ𽥳Ʒɱ䡭ɢ¥֮Ծٰᣬûʲôġ
òμˣɱ䣬СõĴУɢ¥ȷʵûʲôġɵĳϿ϶Ѿ֪ɢ¥Ŀģ֮ԲֹӦɢ¥ǵĵӡҶһ
䣡䣡ĵ𽥱С
Ҷ̧ͷȥɫѾЩ԰ףĻƽʨӰҲ𽥱á
ʮŴΣ׹ͯɫ΢䡣
䡭ֻһιģĺ˼ڵϣڴϢ
û뵽ֻʮŴΣ½ϷɺͶľ˷׷ɫ䡣
ʱǵڣ˫ǵıԣһطֳʤɡ
˵ţǳȥ
˫͵˷׷׿˹ȥֻѪһѪȻС
䣡Եģ𶯰˷һȦȦϯ
䡭
죬
ʮϣӦһЦ
ٺ٣ʮϣδؾǵһѩ޻ٺЦЦ
ѩΪ˭пܵõһʵɫЩá
Ǿˡѩ޻ЦߣЦ
ʮŴˣȻ𾪵
˿ȥѾ˵ʮΡ
䡭
ʮһΡʮΡ
ǻĵĴڲӣ˫͵ɫ΢䡣
ǵΪƺ½Ϸǿ̫ˣĪǣǻԪڣҶ忴ǣ



268 
ʮΣ
˷׷ɫ䣬ǾȻʮġ
˿̵ǣɫѾü԰ףȻҲֲסˡ
䣡䣡䣡ҧֳΣĺ˼ڵϵϢ
ʮΣɫ䡣
ֵˡͻڣʲõ˳ȥ
ͣҿЩ㵽׽˶٣䲻ҳ˫Ķ֡˫ڳˣֻǺͣű֣ˣѹûϡ
Ǿ֮һ˵ʱпͻƵء֪һûУ½Ϸ
һ콾ϵǰʮλ˵
أôͻƵģľЦ
Ҫˡ½ϷɲٶԣͿȥ
ԶҶҲֻͣϢǣһɫԻ
ɭϢɷˡ
͵ɷøˣɫһ䡣
ɷҶɫ΢䡣
䣡
Ȼͼǹɷ˳ǹ֮ϣһǹػ֮ϣ죬ɷ֮ϯ˷
ÿµɷ˷׷ɫ䡣
䡭
죬ٴλġ
ʯ֮䣬Ѿ˶ʮġ
ͣȻûʧ˫Ŀһ
˲֪ʱ˿̣ɢ¥ĳҲڿŵصıԣһɨ㳡н̸š
͵츳ȷʵǸ˱вٵĲࡣһɢ¥ĳ˵
ٺ٣佣˾һһ֣콾ģ츳᲻ǿ
ѡΣ϶ǳȤ
ºȻѩ޵졢佣Ļضһ
ʥŮ֣ȫԸɢ¥Ѿźܾãʱ¶¶ˡ
ɢ¥ĳǽ̸ʱĵȻͣһʮ˴ΣΡ
ʮ˴Ρ׵֮󣬻Ǵһġ¶Цݣûʲô
ʮ˴Σˡ˫һЦȥ
ɫ΢䣬˹ȥμˣʵǿˣӦǳ˫֪ܻ켸Σ
Ҷ֣˫콾ŵʮģ͸ʮΣ쿴Ҷ壬ߺȾƱЦ
ǿδأеʱЩνһܴʲôҶһЦ
˵ûЦ
˵ţͬʱų˫ȥֻ˫ϢǣһɫԻ紩һס
¥ʥĴ壬̡½ӵˮϵ̼ϵ½һϵҽϵ¥ʥ򣬳˾֮⣬ûǸˣʤĴ塣
ҲΪʲô˫͵ֵԭ֮һ
Ի֮󣬳˫֮ȫȭͷ֮ϣʱȭͷ˺ȭס
˿һĻ׷ɫ䣬ѵ˫Ҫֿȭģ
Ȼ˫ߵԱߣȭ֮ϣ
䣡ľԹΪˣϯ˷㳡Ϊ֮𶯡
䡭
쳹ʮأ˶ķ飬
Ȼ鴫˷׷ɫ䡣
̼ҵϵ֮һӵк֮ˣԵ֮ˣҲ¡˵̼ţƺƵĺӿֱʮߡ
˫ԺģÿһޱȣԶԶԽͬߡ콾ʮģԲ˵
䡭˫ѾʮΣ
˫Ǻƽƣ֮ɫı飬˰ľ
ʮΡʮΡ
ԽԽգ˫ĻĴʮΣƽʱ򣬳˫ϢűЩңȻѾ쵽ˡ
ѾʮΣʮ˴Σ֪˫ǼΣĿתĿų˫
䡭ߴΣ
ʮΣ
һ𣬾Ϊ˫ʮһεʱ򣬳˫һĺ˼޷վȡ
ʮΣɫ΢䣬Щʣϣɫָֻƽ
ĿףӦ÷ǳ˫Īˣɢ¥ĳֿʼ̸
Ӧò콾ǰ˲һǳ˫Ī
ϧˣ᱾ΪºȻǵĵϸģû뵽ȴû
ٺ٣֮ԲҲܵЩϼһķԸЩϼһ᲻֪ʲô
ɢ¥ĳǽ̸ʱѩ޻ᦵ콾ϵҲ̻ģϧǶûܳԽʮ޷˫Ტۡ
½ϷɺͶľҲ̻ģǵĻĴûܳԽʮΡǵ츳Ȼ콾ϵͷǳˡ
ڣڳ˵УֻʣҶûлģ˲ɿҶ塣
죬ǵڶصĵһѾμסҶ壬ҶǵڶصһпܵõĪĴУԣҲ˼סˡ
ҶյĻĴǶ٣˵Ȼǳġ
Ҷ֣ɡƺ«͵ĺһھƣҶЦЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ
쾶ֱģ˲ԼͬĿ˹ȥ
˵켸ΣȺ˵Ц
˲콾ϵˣҲǸĵӣ룬ʮΣ˳
Ͼǵڶصĵһʮδ̫ˡҡҡͷֻʮΡ
õڶصһҲʹȻ㲻汾¡ȺЦ
ˣ˵ĵеֻȺкȻ˺ʵ
ûг֣˭֪ǵ֣ҡҡͷ
쿴쿪ʼˣ
˷׷׿죬ֻһϵǬâէһսУ硣
ƷƷϵȣͻڡ
ͬƷıҲкû֣֮˿дսϵƷʡ
ĪõĲɣĵô᲻һþ飿׹ͯӺٺЦ
ȡƺ«͵ĺһڣתͷŰ׹ͯӣЦĳ˵ĵͷն㲻ŵĻԳĳ˴սٻغϣ
ٻغ̫ˣ֣ʮغڣܶԴҶҲЦ
ߣƨɱ˵ʱСӻ֪أƾҲ˵ʮغڿӵͷ׹ͯƿڴ


269 ֮
׹ͯӵĺ쵭ȻһЦղʮ˴ΣԣĳҲҪʮβС
δ䣬Ѿ֣Եػġ
䣡ľϯ˷
ߣƾҲʮΣ׹ͯЦ
䡭죬߻ģߴڵĺžƺ«ľƣû˿ƣ֮ɫ
ʯ֮䣬Ѿʮ˴Σ
׹ͯɫ䣬ҲܳԾ
С㣬쵽˭
ԶŹȻʵ
Ҳ֪ȻĿһֱͣϡ
СôˣգŴ۾档
䡭ѾʮΣ
˷׷ɫ䣬쵽˭
ǡ˫˿죬ɫҲˡ
䡭죬ϯ˷
ʮΣ
ɫ䣬ڳˣʮϵˣֻѣû뵽ֶһ
˭ȻԺ콾ϵ棿ɢ¥ĳǶǳԾ
˲ûʹ͵֣Īǣû͵֣һɢ¥ĳϳ
Уֻ뱩¶ѡһɢ¥ĳƲ⡣
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¾ͽȻˣ֪ôɢ¥ĳǴһ¡
ʱѾʮߴΣ
ͺͳ˫˷׷ɫ䡣
䡭лĴΣһʮһΣ
жһȻԽ˳˫
ʮһ֮˼ɫ÷ǳ԰ףתͷҶ壬ЦҶ֣ˣ
ҶһЦȥ
ľ֣ӦþҶ죡½Ϸɱ߿Ҷ壬߶Զľ˵
Ҷ죡ľͬʱɫ䡣
ҶҶӦһˡ½ϷЦ벻ȻңǣǸŮ˲ߣлĻǱ뾡
֣ҲƲ󷨣ľ˵Ҷɱ½ϷֵضûУɲǵ¡
ɱˣδҪԶ֡½ϷɹһЦ
½ֵ˼ǡľЩɻ
ǵѪŵѪŵ˶Ըˣ½ϷЦ
üƲߣľЦ
ʼգʲôҲû˵ĿʼͣҶϡ
ҶѾߵԱߣ˶Ҷ忴ȥֻҶȫѪһɫ̫
ʲôѵԪ˾ɡ
Ī֮ģ˫Ŀһ
ΪֻǻԪڶѣʹ֮֮ͨǿʲôزܻ֮Σ㶼ףȻμˮ
֮ǳСҲ˵幼Ц
С㣬ѵ治ԪŹȻʵһԪߣľǵԪԪ徳ʲô
֪ʲôˡȻһҶ壬ֻҶ벽һȭ֮ϡ
䣡ľϯ˷
䡭Ҷȭһģ𶯾ʮء
ԽԽ߿û˿ļ˵Ҷ廹кܶ
ÿµ֮ľ
ʦΪʲô֮ôǿ͵˷ǳ⡣
ǲ֪Ҷ֮֮Իôǿǰ÷¡ˡ塷֮ǰǿ֮ѾԺͻԪһս
ġ塷ֻʮ߽٣Ҳǳֲһȡ
ĻߵԪԣҶԲԪҰԼԪҲţ֮Ҳܻʮϡ
䡭
Ĳ춯ĬĬҶ弸ĴʮŴΣʮΡ
ʯ֮䣬ҶѾʮΣ
ôܣ𾪲ѡ
ʵֹ幣Ҳ𾪣Ҷ̫֮ǿˣֱһֻޡ
ԡ֮ǰ֮ƺûôǿȻü΢
Ȼǻõһ֮֮ȥһһϵȻȻС
ϣѾǩԼ϶ѶǵġȻ
ȻҪ취£Щ츳õˣܽύľύǳɳ֮󣬱ضһޱۣʱɢ¥϶ܵõٺôɢϵĳЦ
ϣ֪ôˡȻЦɢ¥ľ޷Ͷʡ
䡭ҶĻȻԽԽ߿
Ѿʮˣ˷׷ɫ䡣
䡭
ʮһʮʮ
Ȼڼת֮ʮ˴Σ𾪲ѡ
ĻߵԪʹһԪߣֻܷӳԪڵʵ˫˻ĵʱΪǱѹסˣҶȴǸ⣬ΪûܵκӰ졣
ԣҶܻʮΣҼ׷ϳ˫˵ļ¼
䣡һ죬Ҷ˵ʮΣ׷ƽ˳˫ļ¼
䣡䣡䣡Ҷֽģͣ
ҶǴݡû˿ƣ֮ɫı飬˷׷ɫ䡣
λĵһҶҶӣȻЦ
ߣ̨ԵĻСҶĶ֣Цܴ˶ˡ
ٺ٣ų̂Ļܲܽǰʮδ֪֮׹ͯӼЦ
ȹƺٰ᲻ƽҶЦ
λأÿضǿ汾²ͨģǾﲻƽȻˣЦʵ
ȹܹƽֻ˵ЩֻһЩˡ׹ͯӺٺٹЦ
Ҳʵһ֡ȻһЦٸ׹ͯӶ˵ʲôɨˣЦλȻھʹλȥȡ衣
˵꣬Ȼȴ·뿪˹㳡˽
ܿ죬ֱ
裡Ȼ˵
Ļδ䣬ʮŮͶΪ˶衣ʢһֻ豭Уͷųʣ貶ĿŨ㴼ζӲƢ
˸ոζζƮƮɵĸо˲ޱȡ


270 ſ
裡Ҷ忴ű裬̾
ɢ¥֮һԪµ߷֮лм뾲ȻЦгš
ȡжȡȣ״̬뾲κ˵õĺôȫһġ뾲ʱԽ򵽵Ķࡣ
뾲ͻƾҪĶҲ似ȵĶԣÿһ߶ڼ׷뾲״̬
˵Ƿǳ޴ģ
Ȼ貢ֱӽߵ뾲״̬˶ݵġᡱָоԺָܲоֻܿԼŬˡ
Ȼλһ飬ʱҪ裬ʱʱȻЦھͰˣԺҪʱɾûˡ
ԣõ˵˵ͷҶҲ⡣
λεᵽΪֹȻţѡοʼʱ϶ټλʱȻһҪλдһȻȻһЦ
ͬʱһЦȻ˵˼׻֮󣬷׷׸ȥ
Ҷ첢ûߡ
ȹڻþõҶһЦһӣһöȻȥ
ȻסЦҶӣȻи㣬㵽ʦкεأ
ûʦҶЦ
ȻȻԾɫȴ䣬ЦҶӣӦҲΪѡβңǵİɣ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ
Ȼ깫һμѡΣ֪вУȻЦ
챾ںȾƣͻȻȻĻɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷ͹Ȼûע⵽
ֻҪȹԸĻµȻûҶһЦ
깫ӣӦҲûɣȻ죬˸ۡ
Ҷ֣㣡ʲôҲû˵ֱת߳˵
Ȼ죬ƤЦЦ
ȹſʱټȸˡҶ幰˹֣ת߳˴
磬Ҳ֪ΪʲôңҲġȻૡ

ɢ¥⣬Ҷ庮˻Ϻ󣬳֮ظȥ
ң룬ߴǧɣͷųһʣҫ֮˿̣֮Ѿɽ˺ĵѾ
ҶŸʱ򣬼ѾŸ˺ܾá˿̵ļѾɴԣû˵ע⡣
ʱžҪˡ
ʱҶĿһ̧ͷţ֮Ǿʥǣ֪ʥʲô
ѪŵˣԶȺкȻ˵
ҶĿȥֻߺƺƵʻʮѪɫսΪսһˣȻѪ֮һصνݣ
ʥڵҲˣ
˿ȥԶʻʮѩսƮѩΪսϵˣʥ֮һؽѩˡ
ϵȵҲˣ
ֿ˹ȥϵȵսսž졣
ĴҲˣ
Ǳߵ˺Ѫɳȵĵӣ

˼ʥ¥ʥ˷׷׵ֳնʱɧ
ɨ˲Զѩ˺νһۣӦϲҡ
⣬˵ʲôҶתͷż⡣
ûʲôҡҡͷ
⣬ú;Ժʲô𣿡ҶһЦʵ
ֻǾ̻һ֧ѣ¥ʥ򣬾ŋ־իʵǿȴ׵ﾫãΪǼɵԺ˵
Ҷɫ䡣
Ժʵŋ־իҪǿһзǳƾõɣʦԺΪʥأֵ
һߣĻЦгһգһҪȥʥؿһ
ѡϾҪʼܼĻ϶л뾫ԺҶһЦ
Ҷ˵ûЦ
ʱ庮˷׷׿ŲԶ棡
Ҷ̧ͷȥӡ幺ǰ
幣һĨĹʣҲ֪ʲô
ϾҪˣ˶𣿡Цʵ
棬˶ˡ庮ش
Ѿ˵ҵ£ӽ쿪ʼҾͿңסˡЦסңǣǣҪСģ
ǣ棡庮˹Ӧ
βμѡε˶ҵˣ庮֮⣬òҪμӡӺȻѡ
ҵȻʣȴҲ޿κΣϾβμѡεˣǸ󳬼ʵĵӡ
幱˵ʲôȻע⵽죬ɫ΢䣬Цʵ֪λСֵܽʲô֣
죡쵭ȻһЦ
졭幵˵ͷЦ֣
֪ΪΣܾĸо
ԭһЦȻ
Ҷͼ˿ȥһȺŮΪ֮˾ȻǹȻ
Ҷӣ֪λǡȻż⣬Цʵ
ãҶЦ
áȻЦ
ҶһЦûж˵ʲô
ʱȻ幺ӣЦλǰСŮɢ¥ĵӣȻ
幺ɫ΢䣬û뵽ңǲô̵ʱ䣬ҶȻͽύɢ¥ˡ
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271 ѡ
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273 
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274 ֲ
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ҶûиȥתͷʹȻȹ֮ѵʲô᣿
ߣĺҶôãھȻˣȻίĿҶ壬Ҫ޳ˡ
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Ҷ͹Ȼһۣͬʱ˹ȥ
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ҶľҲɱ˶ȥ


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Ҷһˣ˼ì񵲣ľͳìཻǷɽƺһĺ˼ϵĻʱ˲١
ʱһ˺ȻҶ屳ŻĳìҶıġ
ҶٿתתɲǣľѾһìһ𿪡ţҶһˣľ̶ûȻ˷ӦľѾ˵ĺ
ϵĻ滺ʧճҶǰģȻһɫ׵Ĵ׳ꡣͨ죬Ψһͬǣüһ״ӡǣͫ׾Ȼǻɫģ
ҶɱԼͬ飬һ˵תͬʱԶȻҲֱ˸ԵĶ֡
˵Ԫԭʼ壬һ壡ȻҶ˵
塭Ҷ忴Ż˵ʬ壬ѹǿԿƻ档
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ͻڶ࣬ʮˣңǻҵЩ󷨵λãӦòѡȻƲ
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Ҷɱ˵ʱ򣬻Ԫس֮⣬ĳǶѾ
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ؽ󷨣е˷׷ɫ䣬ԪصˣȫֻǻԪѣƽ⿪󷨡
Ԫ󷨣ȫǻԪʦõģֻҪͬʦȥƽ󷨵ĻҲûС˵
Ԫصѹôǵķȥа̵ҲˡгĻԪ󷨣ӦֻǻԪʦõġ
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УǵΪѾԽ˻Ԫ˻ش
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һȥһԪصĺģھа֮ǰҵĵĻа̾û취Ԫˡ˺Ȼڳˡ
Ͼ֪ͨԪˡе˵ͷֶ˵λǷͷж
˵˵ͷͷߡ
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а̲ȱ֣ǵõԪأǻƳƷһϵصȻǲǰѻ˽ֵˣ
ǰΪʲôҪѡԪ֣˿գʵ
츣ѾǿƣֻлԪ֮ңҪƾƷͨĶ츣ظС˵
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276 
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Ҷ˺ܾãҵһ󷨡Ҷƽ󣬵õһѪɫͷѪɫͷѾƳ˱ǣӲޱȣͷкܶԪʯ
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ٺ٣࣬ǽԪҲͰˣǲöЩ󷨡һЦ
ЩǾа̲õģʲôϵҶ嵭
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ֻ㣬ΪʲôҪɱǸˣѵͻг𣿡ҶЦ
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룬ӮӦòѩ޵ҶһЦ
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278 
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˷Ԫϯȥγһֱ۰ִˮת
Ȼ͵ĵŵأʸѩ˶ȥ
ѩӰһһƵʮ֮⣬жʱһѪɫӰ
˵һٴγɱȥָ繴ץѩ˶ȥˮ֮˳ȥ
ѩһ籩滨ǵصնɱ
䡭ˮײغ
УٴɱԷ


279 ʬͯ
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ȻɱϿббɳֱƲȥ
СȻ뵽˺ѩ޵ֵؽ͡
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Ȼһ꣬һƥɫǣȻѩˡ
Сϲ
ѩߵСߣһסСӡ
Сѩˣ˵ʲôǺȻѩ۲λȻѾѪҺȾˡ
ˣСɫ䡣
ȥѩ˵ûСꡣ
ӦˣС̧ͷѩˣ档
ȥѩظһ顣
СҡͷУӦˣҾԲȥ
ѩ˲ٶ˵ʲôȻתߣǽ
ԼȥСʵ
ѩ˸ûСꡣ
ιȵȣС׷ȥ
𣡡ǵͺһתһץĳ
Сɫ΢䣬æܣȻ㿪˾ǵĹצľ绹ǰķˣʱͷɢ£𾪵ǣȻǸŮˣ
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ۿѩҪ뿪С꼱æðɣҴȥ
С겻ѩ˿ڣָŶߣֵǱߣ
˵ţŶȥ
ѩĿһȥ
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ѩĮޱȣû˵
С궢ѩƤЦ˵ˡ
뿴Ľûнѩ˵
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ѩֲ˵ˡ
Сӿ϶ѩ˿϶ȥҶԽġ
һʱСѩҶ˱˷֮أҶѾˡ
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ȻѾˣа취ҵǡСȻһЦ
ȥǣѩ˵ûСʲô취
С죬˵ǵУһˣֻҪһҾҵǡ
ûжѩϸ˵֮ҵ죬ΪһӵѪֻҪʩչѪطܸӦķλ̶ҵ졣
ȻѩĿһһƿն
ԶУһˮ뽣ײһ졣
Ľѹ϶һ˴߳Ц˵Ϣ֮ǰǸ˸ǿ
ǵ˭СɫصĿˡ
˭ҪҪǣʥŮߡЦ
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ٺ٣࣬㲻ҵĶ֡뿪ĻҿһЦ
ķϻ̫ˡѩ˵
ٺ٣ȻĻҾͳȫ㣡һЦ

ѩ˺С˵ʱҶҲ鷳˾а̵ˣ
ΪİСݿ£罩ʬ˴֮⣬ʮа̵ĽͽмѾǻԪߡ
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ǣа̽ͽ˷ܲѣǴ˼Ѫ׷׼ɱҶ塣
Ҷüһͷɳݻɡ󡱣˷Ԫϯʮߣа̽ͽʱа̽ͽ;ɱ
ʦǸªİ촽Ȼһӣ˸ĿĴ󺺴ӺгǵĳɱҶȥ졣
ˣҶɫ΢䣬ʩչӰٲʮɡ
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ЦУһ˸ʬֳɱҶȥ˸ʬȻлԪڵ֮
Ҷʹȭһʬʬһȭӭһʬ˼
֮Ȼܺҵʬ⣡ǳªİɫһ䣬ϲҪСʬĻʬ϶ø
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˵ʱһʬҶһȭˡ
Ҷ֮ԽǿǳªİԽӿܣҶ񣬾ͺһһȡ
ϣһҪ׽ªİа̽ͽǡ
а̽ͽǷ׷׳Ҷ壬ƺƴ
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а̽ͽǸ֣һ޴Ľɫƺ«Ƕ
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Ҷ֣мܴôҲңһ˴˾ƺ«֮ϣ죡
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ƨʬͯСˣϲʦ
ҿʲôû˵ԼϵġȻ콿Ц
ߣСˣʬͯЦȻһӣӿʮʬӺгȻȥ
߳ŭˡȻЦһšһƵʮ֮⣬ȡ
ٺ٣Сˣܰɢ¥ġ㸡Ӱֵزе㱾£ʬͯЦ
л佱ȻЦ
ߣⲻ˶ˡʬ̧ͯͷŸ߿Ʋ㣬ЦѾǺܾˣǼȻˣΪʲô֣
ٺ٣Ů˽ңеԼ
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ѻ̫ӣȻһ䣬æˡ
ͬʱԶȻƺ«ƺ«ɢ⣬͵ײѻѻȻɢֿܿ˾ƺ«Ĺƺ«һתɻС
ȺѻۼҶϿգһаЦѻȺдٺ٣е㱾£ϧƾ¾ȲСˡ


280 ּС
ѻȻ˵ʲôĻҿɴ಻Ҫѻ̫ӣѻ̫ӺˣȻЦ
ٺ٣СˣֻҪϲʲôУѻ̫ӵаЦѻȺдͬʱǧֻѻٴȻȥ
Ȼӱ޺ɨѻ޻к󣬶ʱ
Զ챾ְȻһ˺ȻסǰͻȻֵ˿塢ɸߣϹһͷаˡ
Ķң޺Цץͷ­
䵶޺֣һ˼е䵶죬ϲ
ٽһȭ޺Цһȭ죡
ƺ«ƺ«ž޺˹ȥת硣
ƺ«ײھ޺ȭͷϣ㲻ȣͬʱƺ«һɻС
Сӣ޺Цȥ
䵶޺ɱ
ͬʱԶʬͯӿʬҲҶ巢˹ʮ˸ʬֹҶ壬ޱȣҶ岻ҵ˷ɽŰѷɽʸʬȥ

ʬֿȭԿɽȫ·磬ǿ
ʬҶͷһŰѷɽֹͣʬһɵͷͬʱüͷųͷŰѷɽͬˡԽ󡱡
Խ󲻶תÿתһȦ
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ʬͯӿһĻʹѣԼ˵ҪҪֻҪץСӣҽһֻǿʬ
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䣬ʬͯͷһԭҶЩʬ׷֣ͣתɵߡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬̧ͷʬͯӣʱʬͯߵʬɢЩʬͯüģʬͯڡ
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ҶʮɣնյıܿʬͯӵĹȻûҶ巴ӦʬͯӲʱȻĳָ罣ĺԡ
ΣͷҶͷһŰѷɵͬʱնɱʬͯӵֱۡšüĵҪ֮
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ҶͷһԽɵǰ˷ԪϯŰѾ޽ɫ籩ɫ籩ʱ޽ķѡ
ٺ٣СӣһָʬͯӹЦһ˦䣬УţһָҶ壬죬ɫָָƿգ簴һ㣬Ҷ尴˹ȥ
һָ֮ޱȣ˷Ԫˮһ㣬
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ȭָײ춯أನϯ˷Բʮڣж촷ۡ
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ӿʬ˵״ӣȻûңʬͯ
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ЦУʬͯȫƺʩչĳֿµ似
ʬͯӵʵǿ콾ǰʮˣټϲ֪ʲôаԽʹʵ˲١ҶڻԪڵΪóƵĻܴӮʬͯӡ
Ҷ嵱Ȼ֪ЩԣѾ׼󽣵֣
Ȼûü֣һЦԶٺ٣ôֵĵطС㣬οﻹһ˽㣡
ಣಣ
ӰҶ˲Զ
ҶĿȥ˾ȻСӣ
ӣȥ˽㣡СЦ
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ãֻҪ˽㣬ʲôУС˵
Ǵ˼Ѫһ󲽳ڹȻڷ
˿̵ĹȻһɫ۵а꽻֣аʵǿѻ̫ӣ
аʮϣÿ˶һ״ӣѻ̫ѻ˵״ӡں콻ǵľ޺СīҲʮϵĵӡ
ʮ״ӣǿޱȣʬͯӡīѻ̫ӡֻʮ״˶ѡˣǵʵҲԺ콾ǰʮǰ콾⡣
ʱѾ嵽ѻ̫Ӻ͹ȻսУû˵ֱһȭѻ̫Ӷȥ
ѻ̫Цתһȭ
ȭཻѻ̫ƺһĺ˼
Ȼӣ¶֮ɫ
ٺ٣ܲɵЦŷֵӣѻ̫ӣٴγȭ
ѻ̫ӲӲƴȻͬʱֻ˷ǧֻѻŰΧԶԶȥֻܿһȺѻӰ


281 ʥŮ
ӣ㣡ѻ̫ӵѻȺдóƺʲôޡ
ٺ٣ѻԭ㣬ϴû㣬ܣ̧ͷеѻɵЦ
ӣ´ٸˣѻȺдѻ̫ӵĺУѻȺѾԶߡ
ԶʬͯӿСӣɫһ䣬ôǣ
һʬͯתһݣûת˲֮ʧӰ١
ȻҲܲסȺŹˣīЦһҲʧ
ʬͯӵߺСƨƨߵܵȻߣЦ˽㣬ʲô֣
Сܵܣɱҵ֣ҽйȻȻЦ
ˣˣСƴͷ۾ȴʼɫԵĶŹȻ
СôѵҲμѡˣҶЦ
СתͷҶ壬ЦҺӲûвμѡΣǱģ
ԣҶ塢졢Ȼɫ䡣
ǰǽʲô˵Ҫƽط󷨣ûСǲеģɵЦ
СܵܣҲʦȻС
ٺ٣˽㣬ҵȻʦСԺͦš
һ˶ʦȻЦ
Ҳ֪֮Ǻ˺üʦСٺЦŋ־իͷѾ̸ˣʦĻӦûң
̣Ҷʵʲô
ŋ־իıƽ󷨣СЦһԪ̣ƽһؽ󷨡
Ҷɫ΢䣬ΪֹаԪأȻŋ־ի˶ˡ
ŋ־իͷ˵ˣЩ󷨣Ӧöǵؽ󷨣ңЩӦöڻԪ룡Сǳ˵ӢͬʵҲģ
С֮ǰ˵㲻֪ɵ㶵ĿС
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ٺ٣ﶼˣô͵ʲôСٺһЦ
һĻҶͬʱһЦ

ҶСʱԶУһƥɫһһŮС
ѾԹȥǰŮ§Ѿ׹ȥϸȥϾϸС˿ڣҲ壬ֵǣЩ˿ھȻûѪ
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СȻǡ̡
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ΪĽ˻ڡ
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΢䡣
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ңΪʲôҪץңΪĽҲĸԸҧ
㲻Ϊʲôڻܸ㡣˵
Ϊ壿ЦȻΪĻΪʲô˵ԭ
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˵ɱҾŹ㣡Ц
ʥŮȻӵѪϧΪ̫ͣʹطҲɱҡ˵
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ͬһսŲסʮٴμЦ
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ߣһȴڽ㣬Ǽǰ棬ֻҪҵǼоˣΪ˾Ҳ˵ģҾԲ£
˵Ϊ˱ѩˣе׻û飬Լ
ʥŮǲɿģʮǰǸͽѾˣΪһ࣬ԸԼˣʲôҲûеõ硣˵
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ǸŮΪ๼ʥŮֻ޾Ķˣ㲻øߵ̫˵ħ
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282 ˾
Ȼ˵ĻҾֻɱˡ
һӣǧˮͬʱ˳ȥ
ݾ䣬ѩˣ͵һԾʮ֮⣬غڵϷ˼תղͣͬʱѩҲһԾܿˮĹ

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ʥŮɱֹˡĮޱȣѩ˺̡
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λڻԪ룬һƬɽУ죬ľïơطԪǳŨ;ʥûκ
һЩµѲߣǱų֡ЩüĶһɫӡǣȻǶˡ
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УٷҡͷûеõϵķԸҲǽȥģ
Ҵ磬ԲˣüĵӡǺȻһһϵַɳٷüĶȥٷ򳤶ʱڵء
ߣǰ·Ҷ˽
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ûͺãԺԸˣȥǡһЦ
ˣӦþϣҶһ
лϣϹ̣̹񣬽ţʼߣ˵ϣ֮ԴһΪǾҵǰϢλϣһ˱һ壬ҪҲҪ塣
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λˣԶԾа̵˽ⲻǺҶ˵аɣΪ˴ﵽĿģֶΣ磬࣬ĵˡ
˷׷ɫ䡣
аԪأʵΪһ룬λӦò֪ɣҶЦɨ֮ˡ
˳Ĭˣȷʵ֪аԪصĿġ
ƱǸƷıҪ꣬ԡҸ˵һþа̵Ԫأǿ϶ѻԪڵȫɱΪƱļƷҶɫ
˵ɫٴһ䡣


283 
ߣһɺԣЦ˵а̵Ԫˣʲôƾ֤𣿡
ûСҶ˵
ߣȻûƾ֤ĻΪʲôҪ㣿Ц
ûƾʲô㣿ҲЦ
̿ǣɫвޣа̵ûԪڵƷĻˡ
˳Ĭˣȷʵвޡ
ߣϺȻߵѾӦа̣аԪأǲĻ¾֮Σˣ
˵ûһ˵뿪Ԫأֻна̵ԣǱа̵Ԫأ
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˷׷׸͡
ߣǸղû˵С˵Ļ𣿾а̴ѻԪ˵ƷһЦȻ԰а̡
ûǲðգ˵аһ̣ǸǵĶ֣˸͵
ˡϺȻڣ˷׷ֹͣ
һн˾ᣡϳż̨ϵĴ˾ȥ
Ҳ˴˾
˾Ҷ壬ڣˣΪʲôҪѸղЩǣʲôĿģ
¥ʥµ˶;аУǰ˵Ļô죿ЦЦҶ˵Ŀġʵǰҳа̲ڻԪڵ󷨣
˾ô࣡ȡ
˾˰֣ЦǰˣҰ㣬Ҳûпܡ
ɫһ䣬վڶһҲ׷ɫ䡣
⣬㣬ǰ㣬Ǳ㣬㣡΢٣˾̣Ц̣ȥ塣
塱֣Ƿ׷ɫ䡣
̵˵ͷҶ˵
˵ţ̵ǰ·Ҷһۣ
Ͽ̵ԶȥıӰĿһҲ֪ʲô
ǰС̣Ц˽㣬ʲôط
ȻҶҲĿ̡
屾һͨɽ壬ǰͨ壬ʹϳ߸ؿÿһأӵһ츳ˣ߹صˣΪߣ˵ô嵱Уֻд˾ߵڶأһضȥ
Ҷ˷׷ɫ䡣
˵˭ͨڶأǲˣ嶼ֵ
ĪǣλйأҶʵ
˵λǰ̴ӡ˵
Ȼɫ΢䡣
ǰ壡̺Ȼ˵
Ҷ̧ͷǰֻǰȻһƵɽ壬Ѵɽ嶼
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ܿ죬Ҷ˾֮µڴڴ²濴ȥһƬ
޷ͨĹؿֻҪһͻᱻͳ˵˭ȥأ
ȥҶ˵ͷ
ٺ٣ôĵطҲҪȥСһ˷ܡ
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ǶȥҵȻҲҪȥȻЦ
СûгԵĶӺȻɵЦ
ӣǺˡСЦ
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Ҷ߶ڣţС졢ȻҲ붴Ѩ
ĿҶ뿪̴ѩȥȻȥ˾Ϊѩˡ
ͬʱ岻Զ˾壬ڣ֪Щܴܲһء
˾ΪʲôЩȥأϺȻʵ
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ߣһȻȥ
˾ҡͷ϶Ƣʲôʱܸһ£
˾϶ͨġ΢٣Ͻֵ˾áǵܳɹ𣿡
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˾ǵ˴һأֻأ𣿡ʵ
Ļһῼǵġ˾˵
ǵС˴߹أʵȻ֪Ҷ˲ܴ߹أ֪˾Ĵ𰸡
ǵУߵ˵߹أҽΪ˾˵
˾ĻϺͶϼͬʱڡ

ڴ˾ʹ̸ʱԶУһ˸ֶƺڵȴ˭
Ȼһˣ˾Ȼߣ
ΪӦʧ֡ûתˡ
˳־ʥŮ˻ش
֪ǸСѾͷѾˣ˼ڣ˾Ѿǽ壬ǳɹĻҵļƻͳʧˣ
壡Ŀһ͡
ԲܳЩĽ£ԣҵļƻԲʧܣ˵ԽԽı䡣
ץʥŮĻΪʥŮİΣЭϾʥŮǴΨһŮֵ֧ĻǰаԪأ϶ǰ϶¡ҵĴûץסʥŮ˵
˾ľǺҪգÿϣûʥŮҪЮϣȷʵðˡ뵱ϴ˾Ҵ߳Ԫأ뿿а̡˾İЩ࣬ͱˣҾԲ᳼࣡
ҸʲôȻʵ
ȥ֪ͨа̵ˣ˵˵ԽԽС΢š
˵Ļ˵˵ͷתû˾ҪˣͱˡЦһʧ


284 
塣
Ҷ붴ںֻǰȻãã޼ʵƺһȥƺľͷƺһҶСۣƯţȻ¡
߹أһأƺһ޵ƺ
ƺҶ忴ƺƯСۣ룺ĪҪҴɹƺ
ţҶѾСۡոյСۣͷɿģһæԾСۣС֮˷ȻҲյٶȸ죡
ɫһ䣬ҶֵСۣʱĵٶȼ
ҪɹƺֻܿСˡҶСС֮һԶȥ
ʱҶѾ˴룬֪ǰ·жԶȻüͷųͷ󡱣Ԫ󣬻һһͷŲԪꡣ
ˡڤ빦Ҷڻһأ˭ֵþã˭ܵյ㣬˾ߵڶأ˵ǳǿ
ΪܸߣȫʢʱڣҲǿдﴳȥħˮɺȻ˵
ħˮܴӵصνݺͶߣ˵ʵǳǿħˮɶ˵֮˵ΪǳߣҶ޷˵ǺΪ
Ԫ֮󣬱ضӸľ磬˵˾ǳԽ󾳵Ĵܡ
ΪʲôҪ壿Ҷɻȴ֪˭ǰдҲ˵
һʱ󣬵ҶҪľʱڿƺľͷƺͷȻһϵʯţʯ̫ߣվʯ֮£ʯŶ
Ҷ忴ʯţֻʯдż֣߶ʯţڶأ
ҶСۣߵʯǰתڤ빦ָͷųעʯš
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ڶػʲôҶʯš
ʯ֮ҶĿһǰϣȻķθӣǧ֮⣬Ȼһʯţʯ֮ϣȻдһ֡
ʯֲֵ֣ǣʯϵ֣Ȼ֣ģ
Ҷ嵱һ㶣Ŀʯϵ֣ˡ
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ˣˣˣ
ҶΣ¡һʯŻ򿪡
ѹûͨڶءҶҲ֪ǸЦǸÿޣʯţҪʯϵֵ˭µģΪʲôҪ£СҪףԷǲǺͬһط
߹ʯţҶڽأڶ濴һʯţʯϾȻв֣дݺ

ҶصʱѾˣ
ˣÿͨһأ֮ϱһϼͬһ˵Ļϼȥ
˿̣֮ϣѾϼϼˣҲ˵Ѿأ
˭˾̧ͷŲϼ𾪲ѣǶû뵽Ȼ˳ɹ˹ؿ
أȻأ
˶ˡ
˾˵лߵ߹أż˵
߹ػΪʱ磡˾Ŀһ
ûֻǵضѣĭ

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ʫҶȻЩЦãϵ˵ȷʵѣǶ˵ʵ̫ˡ
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ԽԽ֪㵽˭ˡҶͷȡľʼʯϡʫ
ܿ죬ʫ꣬Ȼո꣬¡һʯžͻˡĹͬһʯţʯһѻƽɡ
Σʯдţ֮ն֮أ
ҵĽնϡҶĿһľһƽ

ǷɽҶ屻˼ֱ۷顣
УĪҶɫ΢䣬ٴһݺᣬһ޴ޱȵĽײƽ
¡ײڻƽ֮ϣƽ˿
Ҷɫ䣬̧ͷʯϵĻüͷô£ΪʲôǲУ
ĽƺֹһѡħˮɺȻڡ
һﾪˣҶнէ߳Ĵ󽣺Ȼ֣ɭ
ˢ
Ҷٴγ˷Ԫ͵ڻƽ֮ϡһƽ˲ϳأţʯŻ򿪡
ʯ˵ĹȻġʯֵˣΪʲô֪д󽣵֣Ҷ岻⡣
ҡҡͷҶ岻ٶ룬ʯţ˵֮أ
أһиǲֱ۰ִ׵£ͬʱɷͨ˴ЩִʯţûκοܣΪЩȵǿǿΪԽߣԽ谭ԽƾΪȥܣ
ղýĪǡҶһɵ֣֮ʱ˶
Ҷɷ桢׵֮ѻ桢ɷ׵ͨͨɣ޷˺
ʮףףǧסܿ죬Ҷʹִ˶ʯ֮ʯźܿҶһȻԼˡ
أҵҪ㾿˭Ҷʯš
Ҷصʱ磬˾˿һĲϼϾ֮ɫ
أ
Ҳ𾪲ѡ
ҶҲ̫ײˣȻߵ˵أС𾪣ֻͨ˵һأѾ͵硣
ֹСȻҲ͵硣
ԣ˾Ѿ֪ߵص˾Ҷ壡


285 
ڣҶ̧ͷȥֻǰȻ׵ԨһɫʯͨʯšƺֻҪ߹ʯţִܵʯţǣô𣿷Ҷǲŵġ
һ̣Ҷ忴ʯϵʱɫȻˣʯϾȻдţڴߣɹţţ
ڴߡ仰ʲô˼Ҷгɻ
֣ЩŹ֡ħˮɺȻڡ
ʲôŹ֣Ҷʵ
Ҳ˵塭֪ΪΣһţ˿־塣ħˮء
ΪʲôоҶ岻⡣
ҲҾãòóȻšħˮѡ
ĸйŹ𣿡Ҷʹĸˡ
ȷʵйŹ֣ǿŵʱҲĺĸȻ
Ҷɫһ䣬ԥˣź󣬷ʲôô죿
Щؿ˾˭ʲôĿģ뺦ңĿģҶ岻⣬Ϊ⣬ŲóȻʯš
ҶȻ߹浽ʲôԲԼȥðգ
ԡ뺦ҵĻڵһصʱͿ֣αҪȵڣ
ҶĿһȥ߹ؿ֮ʯţʯŵ˲䣬ľڵħˮԼʥͼеĹĸħŮͬʱҽһ
Ҷɫ䣬æʯ¡
ôˣҶʵ
ղʯŵʱǵʧҲʧħˮµ˵
ҲǣĸħŮͬʱ˵ʯſ£Ȼʥͼ赲
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Ȼĸħˮɵ˷׷һԼͬĿҶ塣
Ҳ֪ҶҲǳ⣬ղʯ֮󣬾ȻһҲûС
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ĪǣΪҵ겻磬ҲŲܵκӰ죿Ҷ
뵽Ҷľʥͼȡ˵ϣµʯš
Ȼû¡ҶĿһȻ¶ˣΪ겻磬Բܵʯŵġ
֪ʯŲᡰԼҶչ٣ʯšֻһӰҶѾʯ֮ǰʯ򿪣嫵ԪӿľˣҶɡ
ҶסΣԪӿ̤֮ʯţ
߹֮أԪЩԪŨޱȣƷʼߣԶγһ˿˿Ԫ
Ԫ֮ҶĿһҪͻƵԪڣڵ۳Ԫ
ԪԪڵ֮ڣκ˵ǷǳѵģһͨĻԪߣԪе֮ԪҪһҲ۳һԪ
ÿߵĵڶкܶԪҪЩԪȫתΪԪҪʱࡣȻһĵӣͲҪôʱˣΪЩĵڵ֮أӵƷߵԪǳԣǵٶͨ˵ʮ
ҶڵĵطԪ浽ĳ̶ȣԪѾԶתԪҶ˵һ컯
ԪӦͻƵԪڡ
ҶâߵԪ֮ԭֱӿɵ֣˷Ԫӵɵ֣ҪκιͿԿٵԪԪٶȣʹǸ콾Ҳȡ
֮Ԫ֮һֱɵ֡ˣһַҶ塣ԪҶ嵤ڵʮѪ֮ڣʮѪڵԪԽԽ࣡
ֻҪһѪѾǻԪˣѪǻԪ۷壬лԪڡ
ʱһʱʱ
ʱţԪѾȫҶɴˣҶҲûѪϾӵʮѪ
Ԫ֮֮Ҷġ
ҶԪĵ˷Ŀʱ
滹ʲôҶϢ̧ͷɨ˷ƣտҰ
߹سԪ֮⣬ѵʲôҲû𣿡ҶţԶ
ڵ߹ε˺ܾãڣһɸߵʯʯд֣ˡ
Щ֣ģ֣
Ҷɫһ䣬˭ѵߵؿΪľǵȴĵ
¿ֻʯдţҲ֪˶꣬㲻ʲôʱֻһأ߹֮ء
п϶кܶɻ󣬿ϧѾ޷һһΪ
ΪʲôߵؿĻҲû취㣬ΪҲ޷Щ顣
ֻЩ飬κ˶СԼ
϶֣ΪʲôҲ޷ԼµĿ飬ʵ֮Щ飬ΪҵһҲڿʯ㣡
ң
Ҷ嵱ЦãԼȻ˾Īеġ
ҡҡͷҶȥֻʯдҲ֪˭ҵָʾֻ֣ңұΪˡ
һκˣֻ⣬ԣ϶ܳΪ޼½ľϧûлһˡ
ʱӦֻǻԪѣΪﵽԲʱ˵ȡ߻ԪأԪΪ¡
һĻҶɫһ䣬û뵽˾Ȼһ츣ء
Ҷס񣬼ʯдʯǻԪصĺڣڵΪ޷õԪصĺģסΪﵽԲʱȡ߻Ԫصĺģ
ʯϵĻ˴˵ˡ
Ҷоþ޷ƽϢ֪Ϊδ˻Ϊ˵޼½
ȻҶɫһ䣬뵽һˡ쾵
ʱ쾵Ϊһԣʱ쾵쾵֮ϣƺ֣ǡ
Īǣߵؿ˺쾵ǰʲôҶɫһ䡣
ݵɫº쾵һйء


286 
Ҷ߹صʱ磬˾Ƕ̧ͷ嶥ߵϼ⣬Ͼ֮ɫûܴڶأҶǵһ
ˣ˾鼤
ˣˣ
˴е糱þ޷ɢȥ
һãȻһЦ
¡
ââɢȥʱһ˳ǰҶ壡
˾ϡͬʱ˹ȥ
Сѣػ壬Ϊľǵȴߵ߹صˣҪȵˣ˾ɫԸСΪӽûд˾Ҳûϣ
Ҷɫһ䣬û뵽Ȼػߡ
СѣֻҪԸΪ֮Ǳƻа̵ļƻ˾˵
ҴӦǣҪʲôҶЦɲóȻӦ˾
СʲôҲ˾ЦСǸ֪ͼˣḺ壡
˾Ӧ㣬ǸĻһ뿪ԪأҶЦ¹ؿ˵ΪﵽԲʱ򣬿ȡ߻ԪأǸʱͿԴ뿪ˡ
Ҷ𸴣˾ʹϵڷ
˾ҵЩ𣿡ҶȻʵ
˾˵ͷֻһƣһƴСĽɫƬȻУӲӡȡƬ󣬴˾ҧָ⣬ָ˾Ƭ֮ϣƬ޵׶һմ˾Ѫ
ãƬֹͣմ˾Ѫ˾ѾƬԼüģ˫ۡƬ֮󣬴˾˫ۣоâէ
һк󣬴˾ɫü԰ףƺһʮһһĻϺһ̾
Ҷ忴Ŵ˾ɫ΢䣬ԣ˾ΪѰ󷨵λõʱ򣬿϶˲СĴۣ۵Ƕ
ҵˡԪأʵֻ߸ģ߸ԱǷλֲʼλáڻأ˾˵ɫȻñ
˾ǲǷʲôˣʵ
嶼סڻԪ룬ռԪŨλãҪԪأطôΪʡѾ;а̴Э飬ԻزŻоа̵󷨡
΢٣˾˵Ҳ鿴ĻҲ֣֮ᷢڣȻѾа̲󷨣
ʲôϺɫ䡣
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˾ֻҪаԪأ뿪ԪأΪʲôҪѡ񳼷һࣿȻһЦ
Ц˾˷׷ɫ䡣
ٺ٣˵ûл뿪ԪأΪʲôҪѡ񳼷һࣿһЦ
ಡ
Զ߿Уƾճ֣˸Ϣǿĺ˺һ˴ӷ߳
϶ϺϿǰˣɫͬʱ䣬˾Ȼ֮һ
ϵ𾪵ʱҶĿǰ˸û˿ĺˣɫһ䣺ǡľż
鸣صʱΪܵԴѹƣа̵޷ɸֽ鸣أԣǰľż鸣أ֮ʦͷľżڣٿľż
ľżսˣԺͶ츣ʵǿ֮˿⣡
ڣаΪ˶Ը壬Ȼɳ˰˸ľżʵ𾪡
˾аѾӦңЭԪصĻ³֮ǿ뿪Ԫأң廹ܳΪа̵ѣϿŴ˾ˣȰ˵
ߣ϶ѵĻ𣿡ߡ
ûΪûǣҲŴӦа̣ػ壬һػ꣬ûƾʲôԶط
סڣϺǳ϶֪֪˵ʲô
ٺ٣ҵȻ֪˵ʲôϹЦȻǲԸĻ˾λþˣֻҲܴԻͣ
Ϻ϶Ȼ˵˴治ĻԼ֮һ
ߣϵλáѾˣЦһתͷ԰˸˵λҺúչ˴˾˾Ļô˾
ٺ٣˵Ĵ˾ΪˣȻֻԲȴһսʵҵҪǲġΪ׺һЦ̤ŹĲӰ˸֮󣬾ȻͻȻ˴˾ǰ
Ըңı˾ڣһӣʱˮ鱬˶ȥ
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˺ٺһЦüͷɳ󷨣˷ԪƺƵӿһֻѪɫ޴ޱȣգֲѹϯ˷Ϣ
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ſһ磬Ѫ죬ǧˮѪϣţ뺣ʧӰ١
ţᣬ˾ȥƱˡ
˾
Ƿ׷ɫ䡣
С͹ȻҲ׷ɫ䡣
˾µġ˵š
Ȼֻ˾ȫˮڣһ͸ˮˣ嵽˾ǰһȭȥ
䡭һ͸ˮˣȫΣͬʱҲķġ
ٺ٣ǻԪصһ֡ЦҵıȷʵĶ֣ҿɲ㹫ƽԵģ
δ䣬˳˾ͬʱʹѪ󡱣Ԫϯ۳ֻ޴ޱȵ˾ȥɱ졣
˾ϺϷ׷ɫ䣬æ˾
ٺ٣ǵĶʣӵϺǰס˴˵ȥ·
ȣһȭˮ죬۳ɾ޴ȭӡɱһˡ
ͬʱҲһһȭɱһˡ
䣡䣡
춯صľ󣬴Ϻͬʱ˼ϸֳһĨ졣˲ܣҲ˼
ϣ˾
Ƿ׷ɫ䣬Լͬ𣬴ϵˡ
ȥʲô֣һһӣʱ裬ȫڵء
ϲûǣֻǷסǵΪϾҪ壬˺ˣ


287 ͫ
䡭
𶯾죬˾˽֣Ȼ·磬ʵ֮ǿʵ˷˼
ͬʱһߣϺϱ˲סˣ޷ֳ˾
ȶԴ˾ֵĺ˲ûм֣ŶϣЦѾֻҪص󷨳ײɣǾʹ󹦸ˡ
ǹϰвõģδײɡ
ϷĲǣｻҾˡЦ
˺ٺһЦһӣһ޴ޱȵѪɫͷɳֱصİ˸Եȥͣ˸߿Сͬʱͷųͷķģʡ
ĳ˷ɳһ·ȥЩ԰˸ѪɫΪγһֱǧɵĴ󣬰Ͽȫڱ
ȻϹâ˸󷨣֡ϵ󷨺͵󷨽Ӧʹ˳ϼ硣
СأҶɵСߣʵ
Ҫʦܴ߶ҶʦҪܸߣԷ˺١С˵ŋ־իϼһ˵Ͼܰ롣
أôҵǣҶü
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288 Ʒ֮
ƲԳԷƣЦŶϣСɱˣ˽ң
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һУҶ岢֪˿Ѿ˹ⶴ
߹ⶴҶɫһ䣬ǰһҽγɵĺڵţڡߴɡǧɣߵɽţɽϾںڷʯûκֲ
˾ȵǣЩҽԱߣȻһɫĴϽɫĹʵ˳ԾǣһЩɫȻҽŰȻЩֲ￿ȡҽе
طͺħ棬ħ֮˵ľס֮أ
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ƬëӿƮҶֽסë˵üӲëԪղֻ񣬼ɡ
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ǿδأҶһ塷мأ뾭ѲʹѣմﵽеĽ֮壬νĽѣ֮١֮١
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295 ̫
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ŭУʮ˵ȫɢȥһֻչʮɵĽɫʱҶǰ

ಣȥ磬̽צץͷ­
ƺ«ֵ˶ʱɳԪ
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297 ħ
ħڵĻԽԽ٣ҶԽԽǿ
ڣħеĻ泹ʧҶͷų뵵Ĺâҫ֮
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298 ħ
࣬ôǲˣƺЦ
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299 ˵
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Ħɵɫ΢䣬ǲ֪ҶΪʲô뿪ϾĵطڴϻȽϰȫһЩ

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ٺ٣ѪõֻѪ֣֪ʲô飿ʬͯӺٺٹЦ
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ʱҶʬͯˣѪһƬãã޼ʵѪϿա
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Ȼһ˴һ޵ϣǵˣЦҵġ
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ƺߺҶŽԶȥ
ӵϵ֣ˣǰôû˵佣ԶȥҶ壬

ǰҶŽ޵ײĽ֮ϣЩСĽһײ˲飬󱻽޵ա󣬽޵ֱһȦ
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佣µĽ޵ͬʱʮɣ̫˿
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һʵо˲٣ƺĿһͽ̫йһսǳ˽̫ӡ
Ļ뿪м̨̫俪ڡ
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ɳɫһ䣬Ѫ«Ѫ«Ȼ󣬺«ŽɫӡѪɳѪɳˮһ㣬ҵĳڽɫӡ֮ϣɫӡ졣
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ƺ鿴ҶһۣԽ̫˵̫ĳ֮˰ɡ
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311 й
ҶεҡҡͷòʲôĶү
ٺ٣СӣֻҪӦһҾͰķ̸㣡үЦ
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Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ȻһҶ˶УҶ˿ȥ˵Ǹ꣬Ҳ֪Ǹҵġ
Աߣһ̾ʵÿ࣬콾ֻжʮˣεıֻʮÿƽֵ콾ϵ˺
һƺĸɥŹȻһ
ĸҶɨΧȷʵ콾ϵˣֱѩ޻ᦣȻ
ĸ콾ϵ˳ڵҲѹְеˡ
ʨսĵܵ콾ʮˣϵȱᦣ콾ʮţʥѩ޻콾ʮڣڳ˻еѹҲ֣οҶ߻һ콾ʮĹȻ
Ȼ֪Ҷ˿콾ϵǵѹ֪ж
Ȼһϵ
˶ʱϯϵҲ
ڴԵĹϯϣһþϯߣ˵Ǹͷ׵ߡ


312 
αһ飬ϣսõһ֡ͷ׵߻ڡ
һ飿˷׷ɫ䣬αԣȵŶӺ
һ飬ˡҶһЦתͷ͹Ȼ
̫ˣղһ룬Ҹô죬ڲõˡȻ˿
ҶһЦ
̫ˣһ飬ǻлһ֣ͬʱȺв˴ϲ
ˣзɣֺ֮һ˹Ϸǩ߻ڡ
ԣ̿ʼ飬ܿ˾ͷ飬жʮ顣͹ȻѡҶΪӳҶȥǩ
ҶߵþϯǰľгһǩдŶʮģ˭鵽һǩ˭Ҷ˵Ķ֡Լǩ֮Ҷص͹Ȼߡ
ûãжǩ˰ѽд˲þϯԶĹϡ
ҶĿȥǵĵ˾Ȼ幣幵ѣֱǰսۣͺӰǻȻ콾ϵˣȴǴҵˣС
广Լĵ˾ȻҶˣɫһ䣬ɵĲҶ壬ǹȻ
¡
Ȼ䳡ݣʮֱɵ̨ӵ»
׼ˣ漴Կʼ߻ڣʾڳ˿Կʼˡ
ಡ
˷׷׵̨
Ҷ˺Ҳ̨ҶˣвЦ˹Ȼ֮⣬˲Ϊ塣
ҶҲߵˣǽ۵ǸĿĴ󺺣ǻǸݵꡣ
Ȼң˽ǣһҪ̵ʱڽ幺Ȼۺͻ
ٺ٣ĺˣʮ֮ڣһǣٺЦ
ʮУ۰Ȼ
֪˵Ƣûٶ˵ʲô
Ǹý˽ҡһЦ߳
ʣǸҵˡ촽ȥ
Ҷ֣ѾˡһЦ
֮֮ҶЦԸ幵ˣ˵ӣҪϡ
ʱȻ֣Ԫ֮۳ɺצץҶĺ
ҶƼɣܿ˻Ĺ
ٺ٣ٶȲϧңٺһЦһԳӰͺɺ׵ĳһ
ಣӰһɱҶǰٶ֮죬˷˼
Ӱǵĺ׵֣ٶ˫ȻֻǻԪڣٶȴԪԲߡϯϣ˿ڡ
ΪҶذɵʱҶȻʹӰٲֻһӰҶѾʮɵıܿ˻Ĺ
ôܣ˷׷ɫ䡣
ǡþϯϵɫ䣬ɲѡ
֮ʣһٴγɱҶ壬ıֳһֻ׺Ӱ쳹˷
Ҷ岢ûܣֱһȭȥѪ죬ը죬̨Ϊ֮
ͫһæˣͬʱȭӭȥһ죬߷ݣɳʮ֮⣬Ѫ硣
˷׷׺ȻôܣȻһȭˡ
ǿþϯϵһۣ𾪡

̨һ죬תͷȥ۾ȻҲ˻ڵء
⡭ŹȥãۺͻȻˣ˸оǳʵϾۺͻɶͨߡ

ĿȥֻĺˣϺȻһѪɫ˺ۡ
幵ǹȻƽһ£ȷʵǹȻĶ֡
ɨ̨ۺͻȫܵʱһסȻȻ˽Ҷ˺û뵽˾Ȼˣһܵôס
үѾˣ㻹ȥ𣿡ȻЦ
ɫȻӮټҶˣӲǶ֡
ߣһת̨ͷҲص뿪䳡
˺̨Ҷʤþϯϵĳϻڡ
ȥϢϢɣбˣϷ֪ͨǵġһЦ
Ҷ˵˵ͷϢȥ
ϢҺҶŴۿ䳡ϵı䡣
һʮ飬αֻ֮ʣ飬ֻܽһ֡룬Ӧû֣ʤĳܽһ֡Ȼ߹ս߳
񡢱ᦡѩ޻鶼нһֵʵҶ˵
˵©һ顣ȻЦһҲʵһ֡
ҶһЦ˸ղŹȻ˵֮⣬ûвˡ
ǹȻӮˣȻһЦ
Ҷ쳯濴ȥȻѩ޻鶼Ѿʤ
Ҷ磬磬ѡĻǻѡ鵱еһ֣ȻȻЦ
ӵпʨ֣ʨ似Եϲֶ֣˿ھƲЦ˵
Ҷ磬أȻҶ塣
ѡѡѾҪˡҶЦ϶ǣ
Ȼһ㶣漴˶ЦûֻҪӮȥˡ
ȻþϯϵЦλϢһ£ʱ³ǩ
ԣҶ˾ȴ
ܿʱ͹ȥˣþϯϵЦλǩˡ
Ҷ߳ϢңȻ󡭡ΣҶ鵽˶ǩ
ǩߺҶ˵ȴûã˶ǩϣ߰ѳǩĽ˳ҶһǵĶ־Ȼ½ϷΪ׵飡
½ϷɡơϺƣ
˶ҶġˡҶѾͻƵԪڣ㲻ʹɱ󷨣ҶҲаջ½Ϸɡ
ҶģҲʹ󷨣ˣ˵½ңǾҲ취֣½ϷЦ
½˵ɱǵؽƷ󷨣
½ϷҶӵеؽƷ󷨵˵ȥҲ֪˵ȥҲûšΪ˿϶룺һɵˣôܻô󷨣
Ϊ뵽һ㣬½Ϸɲû˵ȥ
Ҷ嵱˵ʹɱͲһˡ
һҶʹɱ֪ж˶Ҷ塭Ͼؽʵ̫ˡ


313 Ժ
Ҷ˳ǩʱ򣬾ʥǳϣĳһĳ̬ȻŴ֮⣬ƺڵȴʲô˵ĵǵı鲻ѿ˷ǳ򵥣
֣ǶôˣȻʵ
˵ѡ״ӡ˵
һ˷׷¶֮ɫ
֪ѡӣѩʵ
Ҳ̫Կ϶ǣ콾ǰʮĵӵУӦ˻ᱻѡСг
ʥڵĳϴϲܱЩΪ״ӣĳɾͽ޿
˵֮᲻ỹԭ򣿡νĿһ
ֵ˼ǡµĹż˲䷴Ӧ
νݵ˵ͷ
˵ż滹нͷǣ֣ǻ᲻Ϊ˽ͷǶģ
ǺǣλҺһʲôҲ֪Цҡҡͷ
˼в˵ֻòٶʡ
ʱɿֲϢӿ˷׷ɫ䣬ͬʱ̧ͷ֮⣬ֻӰһ룬˷Ӧʱ򣬴Ѿˡ
ˣһɫۣݣʮ꣬ţͯպ׷ɷǡһ˰ʤѩüޣ񣬷棬Ǵŵ΢Цԡ硣
˸ոַˣˣһͷҶĻ϶ϳ˾Ȼǵɱ˺ͻս
һۣŹȣǸʮߣݲϡ
Сʦ壬´ҪԽĻ֪ͨһи׼߿Ӣİ¹ӣεҡҡͷ
νݵߡȻдСʦ壡
ʱйĶ԰¹˵Сʦ壬ʦֶڴ˹ʱˣ
˷׷ɫ䣬˾ȻҲеСʦ壡
˭õʹߣǿߡԾԺʦɶǾԺ̫ϳϣҲ˵ǰİ¹ӣӦҲǾԺ̫ϳϣ
뵽ĭзǳ𾪡ݵ𾪺˿ɷǵˣ²⣺ܺ¹ӱԽˣԲͨˣ˻˭
ʦ壬û뵽˼ҲˡЦ
ʦ壿ĪǴҲǾԺˣ԰²⡣
λλʦԺ̫ϳϣǰпˣΪ˽ܵ
ǰνݵ
ÿ𵭵Ц
ҾԺ̫ϳϣ䳤Сʦ壡пŰ¹ӣΪ˽ܡ
ǰٴ
䳤ٴ˸Ƿ˰֣ˣҪˣ˵иɢ¥ǵĲ費ʲôطǿȥƣ

Ȼѩ˺ν߳Ⱥͬ˵ǰȥ
˵꣬εĿ˶Էһۡ
Ǻǣһȥͺˡ䳤Ц
䳤٣ĳ˵٣Ŀġ
ǺǣҵȻǣȰѲȥҲ٣ͷαôżеʱ䡣䳤Ц
ͷǳ鴤
Ϊε֪̾̾Ǹûûεļһһɲ

ʱҶѾٴε̨½ϷɺҲ̨
ϵܣҶĽңȥԸȻϺȻһ˽㣡½ϷɷԸ
ƺϺƵ˵ͷ
ǸŮ˵ĺܲ򵥣콾ϵˣһʼ;ȫ½Ϸѵ
ƵͷȻ֪ȻĿ¡
Ǹƹҿ͸ϺƣҲȫǧҪ⣡½Ϸٴѡ
ٳģһᾡȫģϺƵͷ
֣
½ϷһŵسҶ壬ԻȫԪһӴ˲ȼԶԶȥ½Ϸɾͺһˡ
ˢ½Ϸ˲嵽ҶǰӴìͱҶĻìϻ
ҶüͷųͷסϲŵľŰѷɽಡŰѷɽͬʱɳһѷɽ˳ì֮ϣ˰ѷɽ½Ϸɡ

½Ϸìķɽ˼ìٴδ̳˰ѷɵȫɡ
ʦ˷׷ɫ䡣
һʼͳȫذɣ½ϷɿҶ壬Цһ
Ҷ嵱Ȼ֪˵ȫʲô˼½ϷʹɱҶһЦûʹɱͷһ죬ԷɽΪۣóˡԽ󡱡
εİԽ̺Ԫ֮ҶҲǰǿ࣬ԶԶ֮ǰǿöࡣ
ಣ
Խ½Ϸɷȥ֮졣
ߣ½ϷЦһìԽ󣬾߲ڳì֮ϣ»档
ìڰԽ֮ϣͷų½Ϸ˲ͱ֡
ƣ½Ϸɴȣһì죬ȫû
ԣ½ϷɵʵҲ˲٣
½Ϸɣʹõ󷨣ʤҲ練ƣҶȻЦ
ߣ½ϷЦҲͷ
ЦУ½Ϸ˺һһҶȥ
ҶͷһԽɵǰţ˷ԪϯŰѾ޽նɱ½Ϸɶȥ
䡭
½ϷɾȻƾŽɱҶǰ
Ҷϸһԭ½ϷеĳìѾһѣìϷ˸Ӱ֣죬ȻƷ
ߣɣ½ϷЦìһתҶĺһȦȦϯӳìϯ漸Ѵ̨ûˡ
ƷӮң
ҶͷһĶʱ˶
ìڷ֮ϣĴɢҶѾʧӰ١
ս˷׷ɫ䣬½Ϸɵĺ󷽿ȥƾճ֣Уһ˴Ҷ壡
Ҷľһ½Ϸɣһ޴ޱȵĽ½Ϸɣ
½Ϸɫ䣬æתһì죡
䣡½Ϸĺ˼ǳì죬ͣĻζ
û½ϷɷӦҶѾһ
ʮʮ޻һ
ûһж죬û˿Ҷʲôʱģ˷ӦʱҶĽѾ½Ϸɵء
һ½ϷƺŷҶĽȻסˡ
½Ϸɼæҧˣ˲˵̨һǣһεѪ˿ڳ˳
б½Ϸɻˣ
ÿĽþϯϵͬʱһ


314 䳤
Ҷ½ϷɵʱϺƱ̨ͬʱҲйȻеĽѾȻ޾ˡ
һĻ½Ϸɫһ
½ϷɣղһֻˣһɾûôõˡҶһЦ̧еľ
½Ϸɫ䣬Ҳû룬æһˣ̨֮⣬ܸҶκѾˣ
ֻѽѣ㺦ЩʲôҶһЦľ뱳ʡ
Ҷģڵģ½ϷɫתȥϺƺƽ
˺̨Ҷʤһְʱ֮ʼþϯϵ˵
ԣҶ̨صϢҡ

Ҷȴһʼʱ䳤١νݡѩˡɢ¥ȥ
йݡȻ䳤ͣתͷŲԶйݡ
Сʦ壬ʥĺܶཨǷԺġЦԺҲйݣֻԺйרӴġ
סĶЩʲôˣ䳤Ц
Сʦ壬¥ʥͰ˼ʥĵӶסЦ
䳤ЦЦ뿪Ȼɫ΢䣬漴Цŵ˵ͷ
֪䳤˵ġʲô˼
ߣǾȥ䳤ٺȻйݡ
֣ʲôˣνɻĿС
ѽУǰղ˵Ļʲô˼ѩü
Ҳҡҡͷйݣѩ˺νһۣȥ
йڡ
䳤ٵ˶¥е˽Ҳ˶¥
𣿡䳤ٱĿ˵
ɫ΢䣬ϸţƺ޵Ϊй˵٣ԲǣǸղйȴû˵ٵͨĳֶΰѷ
ǣΪ϶˭Ϊʲôйݣһ
⸧֮ܵӣضǸòĹϧλƺкܶʹࡣ䳤̾Īĳο
ˣ
ĳ˷Σĳ˺󣬻᲻ϰĳˣ䳤ٺ
ǳ鴤
˵ҪҪȥһƲסҵİĽô죿䳤תͷˡ
ȡп˼ǿЦСʦ壬Ҿá
㲻˵ˣ֪˵ʲô䳤̾ȷʵȥʹӦи߲ŶԣӦóе
˵꣬䳤ٳȾͷһ䷿ȥ
Сνݡѩһۣεĸȥ
⣬䳤ٴŷţЦ˼ķܵס󾳳ߡ
˵ţ䳤һ㷿ţʱϷ˸Щ䳤һ㣬˲źȻ򿪡
ڣһɴŮڹԱ߸٣ǳ򶨣ûп䳤һأԸ١󣬻иŷɫȹľɫŮӣҲǳ򶨡
ŮӣǼ⣬ⱳŮʯ㷼
䳤ӣżʯ㷼
һˣ
ããã䳤һá
¿֪㴳˵ķǼܲò飡̧ͷ䳤٣ڡ
Ǻǣȷʵĳͻˡ䳤Цʵǹ̫ˣ²Ż鲻ԽϣǧҪ
Ѿ꣬ûµĻ뿪ɡ
ɷٵһ䳤Ц
ܣ
ǺǣȻ˵Ļ¾ȸˡ䳤һЦתߡ
һۣҲת߳˷䡣
Ȼ䳤ͣתż⣬Ц䳤٣
˵꣬䳤תȥΣˡ
Ŀ䳤뿪󣬼һӣŹ
С㣬Īϳˣʯ㷼ǵʵ
ӦûСҡҡͷ˵ı鲢ϳӡ
С㣬Գ֣ʱҲδƿ沼õķ󣬿Ǹղ˾Ȼʯ㷼˵ţ¶֮ɫ
ǵķͼʮ־ˣҲ޷ƿ䳤ȴ׾ٵƿˣ᲻
Գ䳤٣ҲߡĪǾԺˣһ
Ժʯ㷼һ䡣
Ϊܸߣ䡭ǳпǾԺˡ˵
С㣬ֻΪ𣿡ʯ㷼ü
ĬˣҲ䳤Ϊʲôᴳ
С㣬ǻ뿪ɣһʯ㷼ֹ
Ѿ֪ˣǿ϶Ϊ顣˵ԣھԲߡ
ʯ㷼ٶԡ

й⡣
䳤ٻͷйݣ̾벻䳤Ҳʧܵʱ򡣡
ֳֻܱĬ
ʦֶȻȥɡ䳤Цղλ֮Ծܾң϶ΪǣǲڵĻȻܾң
˿Цá
ôôߣĪҲλˣ䳤ٰ
Сʦ壬ϾߣǿЦ
ǰ㲻ȥɢ¥𣿡νʵ
ȥȥ䳤ٰ˰֣˺ã
νһֻۣεȥ
ν˸ߣ䳤ٺȻЦǺǣˣ
δ䣬ȫէһƾʧ
ʧ˲䣬ʯ㷼Ȼйݳˣ䳡ȥ
йϿգէ䳤ƾճֻ֣°ȥʲôط
䣬䳤ȫһƾʧ
ûãʯ㷼䳡ԭҶġ
˸ż֮ʯ㷼ͼ⳯濴ȥֻһ̨ϣҶ塢Ȼ˵̨ǵĶҲ̨һǵĶ־Ȼѩ޻Ϊ׵С顣
С㣬ͨһ֡ӦòѰɣʯ㷼Ц
ĶֲӮġ
Ǹڵżڣһüͷ˭
䳤٣


315 Ԫ֮
⵽ʱ̨ϣҶѩ޻ߵˡ˶ǵˣΪǻԪڣһĸߴ࣬һʳȡ
Ȼ͹콾ϵ콾ǵʵҲС콾󼸸ȣǿҲ޼
ϵܣȰסʣµ½ϵܾˣѩ޻һЦ
͹˵ͷ
֣
ѩ޻벽ͷųϯ˷
ͬʱڵϣ˫ְ˵ϡ
˷׷ɫ䣬ʲô
Ҷ˵ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬Ҳѩ޻ʲô
ȻҶ塢Ȼ˽ѪɫγҶסţʹøӼ̡
˷׷ɫ䣬ԭѩ޻סˡ
ʱһâէһѽɫ乭ȻС
ಣಣಣ
乭֧ɫʸҶ˶ȥ
ۿʸҶֻ֣Ҷüһ˸˶ʸڷϣĴɢҶʧ
һ̣Զ֣ɢȥҶǰ
ͬʱһߣ䵶һ˼ʸཻǷɽԶȻޣ޲˼ʸϣŹȻһޣʸһбб˲Զĵϡ

ʸĹ󣬹Ȼ켸ͬʱֹ
һжڵʯ֮䣬δӦ
ߣѩ޻һһӣѩ죬̨
ͬʱֻٴְڵϣʱҶߣһӴѩ˲䱻ᣬɫìޱȣҶˣ
Ҷȳ֣ٿطɽȻҲ֮֡

ȫ飬촷ۡ
ϵܣЩ˲ö֣һˣѩ޻˵
˵ͷٴ֯һ𣬽֯Ρѩ޻ͷųᣬγһˣ
һ˴ֽŴˣ
һĻ˷׷ɫ䡣
˼żڣ䳤ȤĿű
̨ϣ˴ǵĳɱҶˣ
Ҷͷһݻɡ󡱣һߣһˣͬʱҶľһһˡ
ľڱ˵ȭͷϣһֱ۷飬ֱ۷ҶֱϡʱԶĹȻһɫʸֱҶĺ
ҶͷһɽɳһʸɽУ촷ۡţҶһȭڱϣ飬ϵҲ֮ɿ˵ϡ
ಣಣ
ȻҲ˱˵Ĺ˵Ҷߡ
˵ʵȻرǿû뵽ôһЦ
֣ҲϡҶһЦ
ŶҶôϣɫ΢䡣
ȻȤĿҶ塣
Ҷ崫ϵķ͹Ȼ
ҶĻһЦϺȻͷųˮ͸ˮˣ
Ҷͷһݻɡ󡱣ˮڣˮ˶ʱ˱ˡͬʱҶ廹ڱڲ˷ʹñ˵ķ
Ȼһͷųâסˣڵ
Ԫۣ֮
ɢ¥ĵ֣Ԫ֮ۺ󣬿ձ˵Ҳ˵⻹ֻѡڣȻڰ
ಣಣಣ
󣬳ɱȥ
ѩ޻ɫ䣬æֶԸˡ
ǿһȭѩ޻˱˼
ߣѩ޻ߣָһһѩɳԽԽѹˡ
һȭѩ֮ϣһѩըѩ죬˱˼ѣܿˡͬʱҲͬȻѱ˵飬Ǳ˺ܿͻָˡ
ѩ޻˵ɫһ
˿һĻ׷ɫ䡣
ѩ޻ǵϷǳϧ˱ǸϵˡþϯϣǸͷҡͷ̾
֮԰һ飬Ҫ໥ϣұΪҶһ鲻ϣˡǲǲϣǲϣϾǰĶֶǺǿһЦ
ͱҲ÷ǳ˵ǺҶһ˭ʤһЩߺȻʵ
ҶһϾйȼѾͷԣҸҶһ顣
ǺǣҸһ飬˭ǣ¶ЩԲ
Ϸñһ顣
ߣȻÿ֧һ顣
ϯżڣʯ㷼Լ˵С㣬˭̵ģôû˵ʦ˭
ҡҡͷҲ֪Ҷʦ˭
żڣ䳤䣬૵󷨡ĪСӣ
˵ţ̨ϵҶ忴ȥ
ٺ٣СӱҲˣôӢ䳤ֹ˵ǵʲôϵ
¡
̨ϺȻһƺ«ɳ̨
ͬʱһߣѩ޻⵽˱˵ĹҶûáԽ󡱹ѩ޻
ѩ޻һȭѩӿϯԽ
䣡Խͷųѩɱѩ޻
ѩ޻ܣ˲֪ʱȻһȭĺԣˡ
ܵУҪַֻܳˣһˣƱػ˵̨֮⣡
ɶ񣡡ѩ޻һ̨
ѩ޻ֻ̨̨ʣ˹
һЦôˣˡ
֪Ҫ䣬Ϊʲô䣿ȻЦ
Цá
һҶһʤþϯϵ߻ڡ
ıҲѾˡһЦʣµֱһ飬һ飬Ҷһ顣һֵ鵱еķʽܼ򵥣֣սõһ֣ʱ죬ˣȥɡ
û뵽ѩ޻һȻ̭ˣ
ǰѩ޻콾ϵ콾ȻҲ̭ˣ֪ûг
á콾ϵ˴СϵĻһ϶ᱻ̭
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Ҷ嵱ȻС֣ºȻˣĸǣοһѩˣѩ˰ӵΪʦضȵʱӿ¡
ʱһֱûпʼ˵ļȻڣ˵ϽѡΣһҲһ顣
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磬λ˵ûϽѡȷʵҲһ顣Ȼ룬ѡεһ֣пҲһ顣
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ǺǣѩϵܣЩɱСʦЦ
ѩڨڨһЦȴż⣬ҿ϶Լ϶ʲôط⡣

Ҷż䣬Ҷ䳤Ѿʮ̳ƣ˶ûйݵĻʮ̳ƣֿʼ
ҶֻǺ̲ס̾û뵽Ҷôܺȡ
С㣬ȥҶӻ᲻£ʯ㷼ʵ
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˵ʱҶ䳤ֺʮ̳䳤Ѿּ̬
Ѿʮ̳»вУҶ嵭Ц
ҶǺ̬ı飬䳤аСӵʲô̥Ȼһܺȣ
̳»ȵĻȺ̳Ȼٽʮ̳ҶЦ
ҶϵܣıԾ͵ΪֹˣǸһ¡䳤Ц
ʱ㡣ҶһЦ
ǺǣҶϵܣȸˡ䳤һЦ߳ż䣬һ߳ż䣬͸Ͻ˹Ƴڵľƣ˶ʱ˹
ͬʱżڣʵҶ֣˵ʲô·Īɣ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣǵһμ档Ҷü
ˣȻǵһμ棬ΪʲôҪ鷳ȻЦ
֪ҶӾˣԲҶӵ鷳ʯ㷼Ц
ҶһЦȻ˼⣬⣬ʶ𣿡
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ҶһȻ󷵻˸Եķ䡣


317 ǿ
ڶ죬Ҷ뿪йݣܿǾ͸ϵ䳡
䳡ڣҶˣˣ˵󣬲þϯϵĲҶ˳ǩգǩĽǣҶһȶսһ飬󣬱һٶսһ飬ȻǽٶսҶһ顣
֣һʤĻǺʣ϶͹ˡ鶼ֻʤһǾֻ³ǩս
ʱҶ˺˶Ѿ̨
ߵ˶ǵˣһţһӥҰӥǣʷǳӥҰڵļ嶼ʨǲŻһ顣
ӥҰе֣ѾǻԪڣСģȻҶ죬ԪڣԼһŷǳµвпˡ
ҶûС֣ȻĻǶ˵ͷ
׼𣿡ȻЦ
ϸ磬ĺˣһսǾԲģһЦչ˸һɫСС
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磬񽻸㣬ȥԸȻȻܿƽʨӵĹһȥ
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аʱʨֶΣ϶ܹκӥҰˡ
ʨκӥҰˣǵʤҲܴ󡣡Ŀһ

ڱᦵ˵ʱҶѾ̨صϢҡǿϢܳһʱ䣬ΪǱһսһ顣
ȹϵӦú˽ɣҶ忴ŹȻʵ
ϵȵӵϵ֣ǿȻ˵ϵһУǰƷɣβǱᦡ
콾ϣᦵȻ֮£ʵӦòٰɣҶʵ
ǲǷֲʤġȻЦ
˱֮⣬أҶʵ
ᦵѣһӵйˮ֣ͨˮ̱ڻȻ˵һǳ컪ӵг̼ҵĺȭԵ
֪УҶ͹ȻѾ̸˰ʱ棬ͱᦵѾ̨
쿪ʼˡҶ峯濴ȥ͹ȻҲ˹ȥ
һĶ־ǱᦣǿԽ˻ῴһᦵ˵ʵ
̨ϣᦿЦαǵҲûһˡ
Ҫĳ˵»ʸ񡣡һЦ
˭˵ǲ֪û˵󻰵ʸ񡣡ᦼЦ
ûʸϾ֪ˡһЦһۣʾ֡
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318 ˥
ӥҰҲͷų˸Եĵ֣ƽʨӺͻƽӥӰƯǱƳ졣
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ͷһӣˮӿһִĺɫˮֱ̨֮ϡԶԶȥˮģ̨ˮռˣȫˮİΧ
һĻ˷׷ɫ䣬ʲô
ҶҲüͷҲ²͸ʲô
ʱҲˣֻһӣ磬ˮСһɫ׵ˮϲţž죬η
ᦺһеʱ򣬳컪Ҳˣǵĳɱ˶ȥγһ᲻ɴݵķ
ڳ컪ɱ˵ɲǣˮƶѹˡ
ߣһĻƽʨſڷһ춯صľ޺𣬽ɫ˷ƶˮ֮ϡ
žˮϣˮϵɫ׵ϣʱɢ
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ĹˮֺҶ֣ҪСģѵ
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ĸڣǼʯ㷼
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룺֪ȸﵽ˥ûУ֮⣬¥ʥûлﵽ˥޺۹ӿԡ޺۹ӱϾǿȸȸ涼޷ͻĻҲ󡣻ԺʦԺ˴ﵽ˵˥ҲֹһϾطʥء
С㣬ʲôȻʯ㷼˼˼
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С㣬ѡνϾͻ뿪𣿡ʯ㷼ʵ
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С㣬۾ıҪǼܾ⼸츳𣿡ʯ㷼ʵ
û˵ͷҪЩ£뿿ҵ۾Ҹ˵Ķ֡
ʯ㷼Ȼ֪Ǹˡ˭ǣżڵ䳤پˣһ֪⡣
С㣬Ѿռô꣬ҲֻռһС룬⼸ֶû˵Ҳ֪Ҫռ¡ʯ㷼̾
ǵռʲôڵ䳤ԽԽƣＧ⣬ȴֲҳȥ
Ȼʯ㷼˵С㣬Ҷǳˣ
ԣ⳯濴ȥҶѾ̨


319 һ
̨ϣᦿŹȻЦȹǿɲǵĶ֣ǿҪ顣
ĺˣǾԲᾡȫġȻЦȻʾĻԳȫᦡ
һЦתͷ˵ͷҲ˵ͷͷųˮһˮͬʱͷųɫ׵磬ˮ֮ϡ
ಡ
ٸˮͬʱҶ˳ȥ
Ȼͷųˮˮ͸ˮˡţҶüһͷųͷķģݻɡ̫󡱣ˮ˵üģ漴ݻ󡱣Ҳˮ˵üġ
ʱˮ˻ˣŨһĺɢ
Ҷֲó󷨣ȫڡ󣬹Ȼһâϣ˵Ȼ
ಣಣಣ
˳ֱײˮϣˮϵ׵ڱϣ˲ͱڵġ̫աײˮһ̲ˮ
˺ֱײˮײ÷顣
ͬʱɫ䡣
컪ңЦ컪þƺ«˳컪
컪ˣһȭھƺ«֮ϣ˵һƺ«𣬳컪ŵŵźϸֳһĨ졣
û֣ͣסƺ«ٴþƺ«컪컪ͫһæˡ
һĻ˷׷ɫ䣬룺ƺ«ĪƷɣ
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ĿȥֻҶԽ󡱹һӣˮӿԽ󡣽ͷųѺˮ飬ˮΡ
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ˣͬʱֻ˫ֽӡ˫ּһɫˮ񱩵Ϣϯ˷
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ҶһЦŲԶȥֻƺ«ƺ«Ȼѹ컪
컪æˣѾˣƺ«Ѿѹһ컪ƺ«ɳ̨
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ҶЦЦתͷŲþϯϵߣ˵Ӧÿˡ
ǺǣһԣӮˡЦ
ҶЦЦľ˿æ
ˣεı䵽Ϊֹ쿪ʼѡһ֣ɢ˰ɡþϯϵ߻ڡ
ԣҶ̨ϯϵҲ׷볡
䳡ͼ˻ϺҶһ˳йȥ

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Ҷ˽뾫̻һ㽻״ʱ򣬴Ѿɽ˺
һĶ࣬ɶʲôöȥڶ㿴ɡȻЦ
Ҷ˵˵ͷѾһһ£һȷʵûʲôö
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ʯ㷼˵ͷ
õ˵ʯﲻվտѧ츳ҲǳˣлĻ½ĳһҪһʯ
΢٣½ڤż⣬Цʯλ𣿡
ұ㣬Ҳʯʯ㷼Цŵ˵ͷ
ҶаЦʯ㷼üͷһ£ʵ
ʱȻЦȻҵϾҪʼˣһȥɣ
лιӣǻԼȥˡȻЦ
Цŵ˵ͷתȥ½ڤɳ
û߶ԶȻ죬Ц磬Ҳȥ𣿡
߳ûԶ硱֣ɫȻһ䣬һĨ˵ɱ


320 
ܿͻָƽ½ڤһҡ
Ҷ˽ҲҡҺһŮӭҶ˴ż䡣Ҷ˲֪Ǹոսż䣬䳤ٽҲż䣬ҾǸڡ
ϴκȾ㣬ҵҪ㻹ܲӮңǺǣڵĻκζ䳤Ц
ͬʱһżڣ컺ڣ𣿡
챳һѪŵĵӹشʦ֣Ѿˣ˽죬ʼȹһֻһ𡣾ڸղţѾͨѡε֡
죡ɱ
֣һСѣֵ㶯ŭ½ڤ˵
û磬һСѣαضŭɳһЦ
һС䣬ͨ𣿡˵
͹ȹͬһ飬Ȼ֣ͨɳ˵
ûƾô֣ͨ½ڤЦ
磬лĻҰСӽˡɳЦ
˵ͷֵԳ֣ɳúʡ

ҶżڣȻţߵȴĿʼ
ûãһ̬ĺŮӵ̨ЦλϾҪʼˣūʦӡ
Ҫʼˡܶ˶ѾȵĲͷˡ
ṲʮƷЦѵһƷ
ԣɫ׵̧һҽɫ̨ɫϵŸָķڽӳ£ͺڽаһ㡣
ǽⱦȻֻƷԴʮˡĵ׼İԪʯλĻ۰ɣÿμӼ۲ʮԪʯЦ
İһʮ
İٶʮ

˿ʼӼۡ
ҶûгۣұȻȴҪĶ
ûãⱦˣЦЦֿʼڶƷǵļ
ƷҶ˶ûгۡ
˵һѩ޵佣ˣǺҶ˾Ȼͬһҡ
ڰ˼Ʒ׻Це˶׻˽⣬ūҾΪλһֻˡ׻ֻƴȴ׶޷ݻƵҩҲ챦Ȼ˭ӵ׵ֵĻ͸ܲˡ
׻ҶĿһ׻϶׵֮塷Ļ
ôҶѵ׻ȻЦ֪Ҷ׻塣
Ҷ˵ͷЦȷʵ׻
ʱӵЦȻ׻׼۾Űλ۰ɡ
ŰһʮҶ֮ǰۡ
۵ӦǰƷɣȻ˵
Ʒϵ֣׻֡ҶһЦŰʮ
ŰٰʮƷֱӰѼǮ̧ʮ
Ҷۣһңһǧ򡭡
һ㶣漴׷ɫ䣺һһǧ򣿡
ԼԼûΣȷʵ˳һǧ
Ʒɫһ䣬ֻεҡҡͷ
䳤٣Ҷ岻䳤ٵ۵˿϶䳤ɡ
һǧ򣬻û˼ӼۣЦ
С㲻ˣҿӦѾû˼Ӽˡ䳤Ц
һЦƬ̣ȷû˳ۺ˵Ȼû˳ۣ׻ͳɽˡ
żڣ쿴Ҷ壬Ӧǹġ
ҶĿ˼һۣ̾ջˮ
֪䳤֮϶Ϊ⡣
⳯ҶͶȥһĨǸĿ⣬Ҳ֪䳤֮Ҷ壬϶ΪԼ
ʱӵЦھżƷħ׾־ʯֻҽ֮²ҵӵлϵֻ߻ϵˡǧҪ
ҶĿһħ׾ҪˣΪħ׾Ҳ塷ĺõĶ
ħ׾½ڤħ׾Ҳˣӵлϵħ׾϶ǿ
λħ׵ĵ׼һǧ򡣡һЦ
һǧʮ򣡡½ڤһۣħ׾ڱصã
һΣҶûżۣƬ̲ſڣһǧʮ򣡡
û䳤ٵҶ΢΢˿
һǧһ򣡡½ڤ
һǧһʮҶ岻ʾҲħʯ־ڱصá
½ڤһ뿪ڣһңǧ򣡡
ȫʯ⵽˭İܼӰʵ̫ӵˣ
½ڤѪ
½֣ɡɳ½ڤļ
˭ҾŹ½ڤɫǳѿ
ʵ˲ֹ½ڤҶҲûðɣ޲ɱ䳤١
͹ȻҶ塭ǺȻҶǳ桱Ȼǵһܼӡ
ʱЦǧ򣬻û˳ۣ
˳Ĭ˭ҳۣٳۣ˼˵ְѼ۸̧һ԰
Ȼ˵Ļħ׾ͳɽˡһӶ˶٣ЦһƷҾ̻䷢ֵģˣѶ
һѶ̨Ŀȥһ棬ӡţһΧз裬â䡣
Ӱϴ򿪣ʱֲѹϯѪ졣
˷׷ɫ䣬濴ȥ滹һӣ͸ģһĴָСͨѪӡ
ܱ͸ĺװţѪɫӵϢǷǳֲļ¡
ʲô˷׷ɫ䡣
λǡԶž飡ӻڡ
Զž飡
˷׷ɫ䣬𾪲ѡ
Զžеİ֮һѾû뵽Ȼһ顣
⿴ź飬һ䣬¶֮ɫ
Ҷı飬ɫ΢䣬ĪҪ飿
ʵֹǼ⣬ȻҲǳõ飬˵ܵõԶžĲִС
λĵ׼ǧÿμӼ۲ڰλҪĻ۰ɡһЦ
塭ǧ򣡡˷׷ɫ䡣


321 پʮ
ǧ۸ܰ󣬿¾ȴ
ǧһ򣡡ˡ
ǧ򣡡佣ҲˣȻҲõ顣
ǧ򣡡ѩ޵Ҳˡ
۵ˣ˰ҡͷ˺Щ뷨ΪǸ
Ҷżڣ⿴Ҷ壬
ԣҶ˵ͷǧ٣
ߣһǧ˰٣
ǧҶ嵭ڡ
ʦ֣ǻۣ佣żڣһõĵ佣
áڻʱ򡣡佣Ŀһ
ѩ޵ҲûмۣȻҶһ
ǧ٣ٴοڡ
Ҷۣһңһڣ
һڣ˵ַܼˡ
ҶҲ׷ɫ䡣
Ҳ䳤ŵˣ˵λû˳ۣ
Ҷʱ÷ǳ˭Ҳûг
һһǧ򣡡Ȼڡ
˷׷ɫ䡣
䳤ٵɫҲˣΪ¾Ҷ壬û뵽ȻǼ⣡
ˡ䳤ĭ뿪ż䣬Ҳ֪ȥʲôطˡ
һһǧ򣬻ûԸۣӺȻЦ
Һܰûٴγۡ
Ȼû˳۵ĻͳɽˡˣεᵽΪֹлλЦ
źӵĻ£εҲ֮ĻҶ뿪ż䣬Ĵ£ǳȡƷĵطȥ
ܿ죬Ҷһ䷿ڣһѾڷڹʱ
Ǻǣ¾̻ܹܣʱλղľ顣ղλѾλǮԣλֱ߾顣ЦǺǵȡУĵݸ˼⡣
û߿ֽӹС
֪λ˭ȻЦ
ϷҲ֪ҡҡͷ
ȻһЦƺѾ뵽ʲôˡ
֪λûһҶˣߺȻЦʵ
ҾǡҶЦ
λҰЩ㡣һЦݸҶһǬ
ҶӹһĶɫȻһ䡣
λϷתҶСֵһ仰ӮˡЦ
Ҷʯˡ
λϷ£ȸˡߺǺһЦ뿪˷䡣
ߺûãҶҲ߳䣬뿪˾̻ᡣ

Ҷ뿪̻ʱ򣬾̻ĳ䷿ڣ䳤ϣǰĵϺȻһߣǸղŸҶ˶ߡ
ôˣ䳤Ц
سϣѾˡ߹
Ǻǣ䳤Цλ˵Щʲô
λ˵ϲϸĶЦ
Ŷ䳤ٻȻʵ˵ģ
ȻģɫӢΰֻҪǸŮ˾Ͳܾϡ
Ǻǣ˵úã˵úã䳤һָüģȫһ
᲻Ϳˡ䳤һЦ߳˷䡣
ؽ似߼ѣ룬ƨĵ̫ɹˣ

ʱҶѾصйݡ
ڣҶȡ߸ǬǬȡСһУ׹磬žͣһƴСĻںĵɫȴɫġ
׻ҶĿһ仨ġ塷Ʊػһ¥
Ҷȡħ׻˷ħһħ׻е׵ͱշħҶħת塷ţ֮
񱩵׵֮ת֮󣬱˴Ҷġ֮
׻̨֮Եޱȣͨ޷յģҶӵзŵ֮㲻ɵ֣ҲԡЩ
ʱƣҶԽԽǿ׻̺׵֮ԽԽ١
ʱҶ渡һ뵵Ĺâҫ֮ġ塷Ѿʮ٣
Ȼ׻飬촷ۡ
Ҷȡħ׾ħ׾ͷųĻ棬ħħ׾ͷųĻ棬ֿԼȥˡ
ž޴ʹ࣬һһεĽѣɱ䣡
ħ׾ڵĻ汻ʱҶƤͷų뵵Ĺâ糴ĴҶĹȻҲɱ䡣
ɱ˰ʱɱʱҶһϵĹâҲ
ಣ
ҶԾħһԾоͻȻ࣬Ҳǿ
Ѿپʮ١֪ڵжˡҶüһĨ⣬һƽ˳ǰ
ޣ
Ҷͻޱȱȿ˭ǿһЩ
֣Ҷ忴ŻޣһȭҶһȭӭȥ
¡ȭཻ䣬䶼޵ɳɣغ˼סΡ
Ҷ˿δ
ڵǻԪԲ֣Ҳһս֮Ҷǿޱȵŵ֮ȻѣЧȴǳˡ
ٰڶصĻ󣡡ħˮɵȻľд
ҶĿһաǧĵ䡷ϼأÿһӣӦĻһأѾһӣһӣ
ԽǿԽҪǿƣܰǿ̶߹
ϴѾȥܳһʱ䣬ڣߣҪڶӲʲô¡
Ҷʼǧĵ䡷ָȷֳһǧݣȻÿһݶʹ׳ٰںϳӡ
һʱֳһǧݣȻʼ
ֹһʱʼں
ڣںγһӡ
䣡Ҷתһȭ˺ѿ䶼ҡΡ
ֻ֮ѣԪγɵķҲܲסһȭ
䣡ҶתڵԪٴκһȭԪ֮۳ȭӡǰգ𶯣ը
һȭγɵķ˺ѣԵޱȣ


322 
ҶʱڵķڣҲ
ϣǰƯž飬Լֲ֪ıҩǻǲݡ䶼ҩ㣬Ƣ
С㣬Ҫ𣿶ûо룬һʲôô죿ʯ㷼֮ɫ
ȱٵĶպϣԶž飬ӦѾܾˣѾٵˡ˵
ʯ㷼˵ȻԸȥ濴š
ǣС㡭ʯ㷼ת߳䣬ִţͼ
ڣ˫ͬʱͷų˱ɫĹâǰıҩ;鶼
ͱҩաģͫѾɫǾɫݣϢ
Ҳ֪˶ãѾ޹⣬ҩҲήˡ˫ۣһԪʯԪ
˺ܾã˫ۣɢҫ۵ĹâֲϢϯ䡣
ɹˣ츳ӦѾˡⴥͫףͫױ˰ɫƺʩչĳ־ͫ
Ȼоǰһ㱣һĵȥȵϢͷųϯ˷ж˲ͱճɻҽ
Ƥ˲ͨ죬ȫʹѣƺҪ˺ѿһȻϵ·ȫ˻ҽ¶һѩס壡ͬʱڵԽԽ࣬ǽڶˣ
¡ǽڳܲס˿ȻŻΪҽ
ϯڵ䣬һδӦͱˣһڵĲǱˣҶ壡
ϯҶ忪ɵ֣֮ȫʱ֮ɡ
̧ͷļ⣬Ҷɫ䣬æ˹ȥһ˿ҵ壬Ҷвһȣ͵ҧԼ촽Լѹ
ѹ⣬ַ˼⻪ıϣע֮ڵϱ֮ɣͬʱɢš
һɵգһҶڣҶֱһ˿ĸо
ȻҶ廳ڻҶ岻Գæס񣬼ɼڵ
ڵԴԴϵĴͫڣʱҶȻûܰЩꡣ
ҶоԼѾ޷ˣѾ쵽ޣ
ʱڻָһ˿ѣԼͫף𡭡ģͫɰɫɫڱ˺ɫ
һкѾѣֻҶ屧š
ҶоѾûջ֮ͷ⣬ǡ̧׿
ΪᷢŭҶǣֻɫ΢΢һ죬Ͼͻָƽתȥ
ҶεЦЦͷת˹ȥɿ֡
šһջҶתͷһֻѾ˵ϣһյͷβǰѪš
Ҷ尵ԼһվûУôɿˣæѼ±ϰͷת˹ȥ
±Ҷ屧ڻһ죬ĿȥҶѾͷת˹ȥϲ¶ЦݣϧЦҶûῴˡ
⣬׷ʲôˣҶȻʵ
û¡ֻ˵ӶѡᴭϢ
㡭Ѿû˰ɣҶʡ
ʱҾͻָˡ
ŰʱҶɫ΢䡣
û˵΢΢һ졣
ⲻ˵ˣҶεЦЦʱ÷ǳ
ҶʵҲʲô˵ģⱾͲϲ˵޻˵һƯҶУҶԭƽȥֿʼ궯
ʱעǺѶȹģ
ҶĭȻڣ⣬꼸ˣ
һȻǱҶˡ
⣬ѾʮˡҶ岻ȼش𣬺Ȼֿˡ
¶ĵЦݣҶġϻ
⣬Ҳᵯ𣿡
⣬ʯܵȥˣ
Ҷ˺ü⣬˻ﻹиû·ˡûע⵽Ѿ˯ˣϻŵЦݣһ̵ļ⣬ѾûյĮ
ڣʱˣҶЦ⣬Ӧû˰ɣ
û˻ش
Ҷԥһ£תͷһּȻ˯ˣˡŻعһ̾ĵ
С㣿ɹ𣿡Ȼʯ㷼ӷ⴫䱻ԼͼסԸղŷıʣûио
Ҷɫ΢䣬ͼӱײɲá
ʱĻУһӵĺ󷽡
Ҷ˿뿪ˣٱȥҲ֪ᷢʲô¡
㷼ɡȻҶ屳
ҶתһѾɫȹֱĮޱȣ֮ǰ˯ŵʱˡ
֨һʯ㷼˷䣬ѾĿȫǵʱݾ䣬ż⣬ɵС㣬ʲôˣ
ûʲô˵ѡϾҪʼˣ߰ɡ
ʯ㷼֪ȻⲻԸ˵ԼҲ޼£ٶʡ
Ҷû뵽ʯ㷼ô˵ղѾһɣǸûϡ
߰ɡ߳˷䡣
Ҷȥʯ㷼Ҳȥֻü΢Ҳ֪Щʲô
˷䣬졢Ȼ֮Ҷ뿪йݣ䳡ȥ
ܿ죬䳡䳡һʮˡҶ˵ʱ򣬶ºȻ졢ѩ޵佣˽Ҳ䳡
죬һĨɱ
ٺ٣ʲôõģȻôƴȥȻһЦ˱
Ҷ˺ͶºȻ뿴˹ȥһӺһ㳡㳡ֻˣһǲμѡεˣڶ־Ϊıȥˡ
ӺԲǲμѡεˣΪ֮ˣǾȻԴʵǵ죡
СҶһЦ˾ȻСӡ


323 ֮
С˵Ļ½ڤ˵ߣʲôȻҲԲѣ
ҲɫƵĿСӡ
ٺ٣ǶôҸʲôСЦҲʲôõ𣿡
΢٣С½ڤЦСȷʵʲôΪǸˣ㵹
½ڤɫһ˵һ˺Ȼ½֣СǸӣҪ
½ڤĿȥ˵ҶҲϵãϹڣ
սҶͼץ̻ʱϹڣ֮ǽսʥʱһΣһΣϹڱӴˡ
ԭϹ֣½ڤϹڣʱÿ
Ϲڸ˵СȻ˹ЦϹϵܣ磬ΪʲôҲһ
СῪЦϹǿЦ
һĻºȻ˷׷ɫ䡣
Ҷ쿴˵ı飬ʱɻ
֣ϹڿϹĶӣΪʲôôСȻü΢
Ϲ󣡡ɫ΢䣬ƺ֪Ϲ˭
Ϲ˭Ҷʵ
Ҷ磬Ӧ֪ɣȻʵ
Ҷͷ
һϹ󣡡Ȼɫ˵¥ʥпͻ󾳵ˡ
ͻ󾳣Ҷɫ䡣
ͻֻ̤أߵĿֻ̤꣬صȴ֮١
ֻءҶɫ΢䣬̫׼˼
ƺҶɻ󣬼ֵ֮ϵľ磬Ϊֻؾһֻ̤ؾߵﵽһ꣬ꡭӦѾؼޣ
ֻؾ꣡Ҷзǳ𺳡
ȻȻֻ֪֮ؾ֪ȴûм࣬Ƕš
˵һֻؾɲֻأҲꡣҪֻأôףֻؾߣ뾭˥Ŀ飬ÿζǾһ˵
˥Ҷɫ䣬ֻ̤֮ˣѾԱΪˡ
ϹΪпͻƵֻؾˣʵ֮ǿӹɣ
Сȴ˿Ϲ֮ӷ᲻ҶȻ׸ղΪʲôֱˡ
ĪСֻؾܳ᲻Ϲڷľ
Ϲ֣˵׵˭½ڤȻʵ
½֣֮㲻Ҫȥˣ˭Ҳﲻ𡣡Ϲ̾
½ڤɫ䣬ҲϹڵĻҲ׷ɫ䣬Сı󵽵Ǻηʥ
˾֮ʱСѾܵҶߣż⣬Ц˵˽㣬û뵽Ҳˡ
ףû뵽λŮȻҲڣСֿ˹Ȼ
СܵܣȻμѡΣʲôȻЦ
ѾʮˣС죬һ˵ǡСܵܡһԼΪ˵СʵЩܲˡ
ʮ꣬ȷʵˡȻЦ
С˿аʲôˣұǴ˺òã
С͹Ȼ׽ӣ½ڤ˲ɫ䣬²Ҷ˺СĹϵ
ȻʮֲϢϯ䳡Ŀȥʮ˵˲ϯʮ˷ֱСνݡѩ޵
⼸еλ⼸˵УҶȻһ䳤٣һȻʦԺ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ϳˣϾ͹һ
ƺûϳҶûۿҶһۣҶ΢΢˿
ѡεһ֣ʦԺ;Ժĳ϶ˣϣǶȫлڣ䳡
ʦԺ
Ժ
콾׷ɫ䣬漴ϲ˵һûᡣܽʥأڳκ˵¡
ѡһ֣ͬһ飬ԭһ飬Ȼ䡣м˵ڶڵһԵʮһĵڶԴơ
ԣЩλеڶ˷׷ɫ䡣
νѡһֵ˹ʮҲǶʮ顭̨飬гΪʸ񣡡ֵ
˷׷ɫ䣬˰룺ζҪ֣Բ̨
ˣһÿһǣȥϢɣʱʼԡ˵
ԣ˷׷׻صϢҡСӾȻҲֵһϢңûȥԼϢңǽҶ˵Ϣҡ
Ҷ˽Ϣûãþ˰ҶϿ˵ڶ͵ʮдţ
һҶ塢Ȼ죬ڶᦡ컪
ʮһѩ޵ѩġ˫ڶ졢Ϲڡľ
Ҳ˵Ҷ˵Ķˡ
ϹڿϹĶӣ֮ûѡ콾ΪʱΪڵӦн콾ʸ񡣡Ȼ˵
콾ʮ˵
Ҳ˵˵УöԸӦǶľҶ
Ȼ˵ͷ
ٺ٣С㲻ʲôӣ˵ǲǣСһЦ
ɵɵĵ˵ͷ
ô֣ȻС
ûССҡҡͷ
ô˵㲻ʲôȻСһۡ
ٺ٣˽㣬û֣ȷʵ㲻ʲôСı£Ը׾ٵ¡СǳЦ
Ȼ
С˵ҶȻЦСΪʲôμѡΣ
ߣʦ˵ˣһ˶ǸûҪμѡΡСЦ
Ҷôʦ̳ͽҲͲˡ
ʦ˵ܰ޺۹Ϊʦ¥ʥûǵʦСֵ
Ҷһۣж룺һʦ˭Ȼô
бСһۣƺѾµʲô
Сʦ˭Ȼ̲סʵ
ٺ٣ӣʦű˽СЦ
һɵЦС˵ʦŽ˼¹
Ҷһ㶣ʲôţ¥ʥ
Ҷ˵ı飬Сһ㶣룺Īʦƽڴţûţ


324 ҡˡ
ʦȻڡ

Ȼ׷ɫ䣬ֻҶһɻ󣬡˭
¥ʥȻһֵ
Ҷɫһ䡣
ٺ٣Ҿ˵ôûʦĴСȻЦ
ԭСͽܣѹϹڶȻһ
˵¥ʥһţԲʱͻܹĸ֡Ȼڡ¶֮ɫ
ʦ˵ЩںСЦ
԰Сʦ˵˻ŲΪиƨáӺ˵
Сݺݵĵһۡ
Īǰñ˽˾ʦȻɫ΢䡣
ٺ٣˽¶ˣСЦʦ֮⣬˭ý뿪¥ʥ򣿡
ԭ˾Ҷ
ˡ
ʱһ洫ѡһֿʼˣ
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Ž񣬰˼ʥҵ콾ѡεһصʱҶͼˡŽѩһ飬ʵҶе⡣
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羡ܶ־ǣȻġȻЦ
Ȼʵǲýֻ֣ҪҰ˴̨ⳡǾӮˡһЦɨҶһۡ
ѿɲǣԸǣ㻹ԸҡȻһЦ
Ǻǣȹ˵ЦһЦ
ȻЦ룺˵Ŀʵ㲻ſǻڵġ
Ϲ֣ȹͽˣ
ȳ֣ɱҶȥľ죡
ʮа㣡һЦһɫסȭͷһȭҶ壡
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֪Ц
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Ѿһˣ㻹оеĻᡣҶЦֻ˰벽
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ôܣͫһ
𾪵Ĳֹ죬ϯϵҲԾ
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ľǿֻСӵǿѡЦ˼Ҿõĵ⣬Ȼ˿¹似
ֵܰز似ԲСӲ򵥰ٺЦЦ
е䳤ٿҶȻֿȭסĹЦٺ٣һʦȻȥ壬ٺ٣СӻȤ
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СӵЩŹ֡ɫ΢ߡ
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ɫһ䣬룺ӵӺÿµʵɱǣ׾١
˵뿪ȥŋ־իֵıӦûŋ־իŶ԰ɣЦ
һ׷ɫ䣬Ȼֻӵӵѣ
㲻̽ĳĳԽµĶȤµڡ
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325 
ĳӲЦµ˵
ˣ̳һǲҪˣ㻹ȥ˺ˡ䳤ƴҡͷ
ϧ̳þơ̾ٶ˵ʲôǰ̨ȥ
䳤ĭװûµ̾Ϣ
ʱ̨ϣȻʮɫľľƯǰУÿֱ۴֣˷ǳľƣ磬ҫ֮

˷׷ɫ䣬Ȼôͼ˱
ӦҵĲ޷ŵߣֻҪ㹻֮ע棬Ϳڶʱӵŵϯϣϳı
ױʵ֮ǰ˿ɫ
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ʮУ̺ҳע֮˿߶֮ʱӲӿϯ˷
ת˲֮䣬ľ̨ԶԶȥ̨ͺһŨŨš
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һƬƬеˣ涼ܵѹơڻ߱ѩҪܵͺϮΣա
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˿̣Ҷ˾ָܣǲĪѹٲά裬ͺһ
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쳯ľϹڵͺһ
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ȻþԪۣ֮ӭļʸ֮ϣʸʱںϡͬʱҶֱһȭڼʸ֮ϣʸ飬ܻ˼ʸĹҶֱȴѩᡣ
ಡ
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ţԽ忪ľԶĶľȥ
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ͻȻֹҶˣ죡
ʦľҵӰ첢󡣡ҶȻ챳
ɫһ䣬æתתҶеľѾĺ
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ķӦ죬ȻԹΪأһǹ
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칥ߵʱҶȻ죬磡
켱æǹֵ

ǹľǷɽ

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ͬʱľȻɳ̨
ԵĶֺ󣬹ȻͬʱҶڷȥֻҶһĳǹţҶ屻ķĴӵţһӵǰһüġ
˷׷ɫ䣬ҵˣѾվΪҶҪɱʱҶĽȻͣ
ҵ˿
ʮ֮ڣӮҡҶһЦս˹Ȼ졣
ɫһ䣬ǰȷʵ˵ʮ֮ھܹҶ塣ڵô˵汻ҶˣоԼģ޲Ҹطȥ
ʱҶѾߵ͹ȻߣһЦ̨
ȵѡι콾ʮλҪøǽҶˡ
̨Ҷˣϯ˵
˵ʵ²ֹ콾ʮô򵥡˰²⡣
ǽҲ򵥣ӦҲܵ콾񡣡˵
ٺ٣Σ˶ѾˡЦ
ûϧˣʵΪʲô¡̾
ǿδأӦò飬ǻûлᡣ˷Ե



326 ǿУ
Ҷ˻صϢңȴŵһֱԵĽ
Ҷ⣬ܶҲѾʤºȻѩ˵ˡ
ʱбԶѾţһܿ͵˽һֵУҶҲõдŽһֵС飬ԼÿС鼴ٵĶ֡
Ҷ˵ĶֺǿȻ콾壬˾飬콾ߣƷɣ콾ʮ͡
˾ǰ˼ʥ˾ҵ콾֮ף츳ʵǿȻȲϽ̫ӺƺˣҲرڻԪھһĸ֡
Ʒϵȵˣ˾һѾǻԪԲҲǸ֡
͵Ȼ󣬿ϾǾˣӵɷҲС
֮Ҷ˵Ķ֣ûκһߣ
˾ͰƷɺܵ͵йǵ£֪ҲࡣȻ˵˾֣˵ʱ˾鲢ûˣϧĽ־û˿
Ҳ˵˾ʵ㲻죬ҲǳӽҶĿһ
ûȻ˵˵˾Ķ֮һ
Ƚ㣬С˵ƺѾأʯ㷼Ȼڡ
أҶɫһ䣬ȻֻڶأΪǧĵ䡷ԵʣǿͨߵأҲ޷ȡ
˵֮⣬ѩ޵ºȻ佣Ҳأ֪˾ǲǣʯ㷼
˾أǻĲöԸȻһ
ٺ٣ΣҰƷǣܰСȻЦһԾԾԵӡ
ҶôҲô̳ͽ
а𣿡Ȼ⴫Ҷ塣
ҶĿż⣬Цŵ˵ͷΣ֮Կ⡣
콻ֵʱ򡭡ûʹ˾ôǿͲòʹˡ
ⲻٶ˵ʲô֪ΪΣͻȻԼǳҶ塣
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뵽⣬Ȼֹᷴ㣬͸ɴ಻Ҫˡ
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ⳡԽÿҲ֪϶˾һ飡
ǿδأ첻Ҳܸ𣿡
ٺ٣ܺ˾Ტۣ
ǰο˾֮⣬һƷɡ

۷׷ףûκ˿Ҷˡ
̨ϣҶ˸û˵ӡ
ȹӦûȫ˰ɣƷɺȻЦ
Ͱ״罻֣ȻҲȫȻȻһЦ
֣Ҷ֣ղҿǵı䣬Ӧöûоȫɣ˾鿴Ҷ죬ЦЦ
ûоȫ˾һԲ֪ˡҶһЦ
ãд⡣
δ䣬˾ѾһӰӵҶǰ˫ͬʱƣҶˡ
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ʮĸҶͬʱƣʮĸͬķ˾飬ƷХ
þվֻǻþѡ˾鵭һЦ˸黨ƣʮƬ÷С
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ʱҶһƬ÷꣬Ǹղ˾鷢ģ÷Ĵ͸ǿܹ
ǺǣҶ֣㻹ó汾ɡ˾һЦ
ҶЦЦƬ÷Ӧ˾ֵĵְɣ
û˾ҵ÷֡˾Ц
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Ҷ֣ʹУҲôж֪Σܲôܿҵ÷˾һЦһӣ÷ɳҶ塣
Ҷͫһˣͬʱüͷųͷݻɷģ˶ʱ÷˷֮ϣɢҶȴѾʧӰ١
ÿ죡ϯ˷׷ɫ䣬ҶĲٶʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ˾鱳ģԼԼиӰȻеҶ壡
棡˾һЦҲתϺȻɢѪɫһ÷ȥ
ı÷ɢҶ˻ûгǰ
û㹻ǿ޷ʩչ󣬴һ󷨣ӵǿ㲻ԺЩСӣҲԶˡ
Ҷۣɫһ䡣
ٺ٣ͷĪͽɣ䳤Ц
ҡҡͷ
Ǻǣ÷Сҵˣ䳤ٺȻһЦ
볯̨Ͽȥֻ˾Χ÷÷з˸һ˴ӷ߳Ҷ壡
Ҷһ˾Ϳ÷˹
ಡǧƬ÷ͬʱҶ壡
һͷƤ飬Ҷˣ
ͨĴ󣬱ϾֻǴ˿ƶ޷ռһƶԣһƶ·߱ҶĴʧˡ
ľеʱ򣬴ȻľƣɱϾãڣĴǳ׵ʧˣ
ۿҶ弴÷УҶӰһľʸ˾飡
ʮʮ
Ҷǰ÷ȫľݺĽӲٳһ·ҶԾֱɱ˾飡
˾ɫһ䣬æ÷γһ÷ɵķ
Ҷľ÷֮ϣ÷飬衣


327 
һ˾ǰ÷֮Ҷٴγ꣬ǵص˾ȥ
˾ˣ˷÷ϯǰ

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Ҷͷһķɽɳ÷ײɽʱɣ÷⿪÷
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ͷųˮһˮϣˮһ㡣Ʒȫǵ磬ÿɫ׵綼ֱ۰ִһ֣ˮײһŨ̹
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˿һĻ׷׵ڲŷֵ͹Ҷ졣
Ҷ˾黹ڽ֣δֳʤ˵ҶŹ˵ʵͬʱѹưƷɣʵ֮ǿɼһߡ
һ鵱УӦǹȻɣ롣
Ȼߵˮ͸ˮˣˮ˺ֹ˰ƷɣƷɾͱѹƣڣƷɵƸԡ

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Ʒɺɫ䣬ͬʱ˹ȥԶȻҲ˹ȥֻŨɢȥҶ˾ǰ˶ûˣ룺˭Ӯˣ
Ʒɣûǵˣ߰ɡ˾תŰƷɣЦ
һ˷׷ɫ䣬˾顭Ȼˣ
Ҳ⣬û뵽˾Ȼ䡣
Ҷ磬㵹Ǹʡ˲鷳ȻߵҶߣЦȻҶѾӮ˾飬ǾûбҪٴȥˡ
˾ܲ򵥣ʵûзֳʤҶ˵
Ȼͬʱɫ䡣
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ȫĻӦñѶԸҶĿһֱһ׼
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Ҷ˲ٶԣҲ̨
Σϯϵ˿Ҷ˵Ŀⲻһˣ콾͵ߵ˶ܴӮҶע¡˵´콾ŵʱǾ콾͵ߡ
ţ뵽ҶֻǻԪڶѣԽ𾪣ҲǻԪԲ˾ǰܵø죿
еľǴģûע⵽Ĵ֮һӵһֱڹעҶ塣


328 Ѫ
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˶ºȻڵС֮⣬ѩڵСҲӮˡһҶˣֻʣ飬Ҳ˵ѡεĵһС鵱в
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һ֮⣬콾ڰ˵½ڤ콾ھŵɳ
ѩ޵һѩ޵֮⣬콾ʮѩģ콾ʮĵĳ˫
ѩһ飬Ž̡
鵱Уƺѩһ飬ϾŽ֮⣬콾ϵˡ
ҶȴΪѩһģ෴ΪѩһӦ鵱ǿĲŶԡ
׶ֻ˭Ҷ˭Ҳȵ֪ͨǲ֪
õ˹Ȼܿ͵ˣѶսҶ֮󣬹˳ȥ
ҶҲ׷׿ǵĶ־Ȼˣ
죡ȻɫЩأһǿ˾һ黹Ҫ¡

죡
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֣ϾֻǸɵˣŪʵ̫ˡ½ڤЦ
½֣ղûƷƺĶ֣ôŪɳٺһЦ
Ʒɵλ͸ŲһŲˣ½ڤЦûѰƷɷ
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˶Сˣ콾ǰ˵ʵսЦ˫ͬʱͷų⣬˫־Ȼʨצ
ˢ
սץȻʨצ֮ɫצâһ
Ȼչܣͬʱ鴤ϵޣսȥӰ졣
˲ңսЦץסޣ͵һȻ˶ʱɵ˸߿С
սεضֻ̽צץȻʳ
Ȼ̤գһ߿ƲжȥսЦ׷ȥ
лĻСһҪɱޣСһ

Сսޡʱ򣬶ºȻѾ߰ѽ
Ϊ£ؽ޷棬ɲһϽӡ
߰ѽͨɫߣޱȣҲͷų⡣
ֳֻƽ𽣣ºȻûκνֱ򵥵ġҶ壡
һʮڵԪÿҲѣ类еˮ
⾪һҶûкˣ֮ӵ˼£˵ڶʹ޻һ
ֻоǰһҶľͻƽѾײһ𣬼Ҷֱһ飬˼ºȻҲһ
ȻѾҶɫ΢䣬ºȻǻԪԲѾǿϻ˶ºȻһ
ն
ºȻȻͺһѽ˷նɱҶȥ
Ҷ屩ˣͬʱͷһ죬ԾŰѷɽΪۣó˰Խ󡣰ԽҶǰԪϯŰԪ޽նѽ

Ԫ޽ͶºȻĽײ𻨡
ͬʱºȻѾ˻ɱҶǰƽ޽ٴҶ壬̩ɽѹƲɵ
ҶתԪȫһ˸ŵʮɳĽƿննɱºȻ
˽׾Ž彣֮
ҶΪֹһʹ˽׾Ž彣ŵٶȿ˷˼ʹöºȻܣֻӲӣ
ºȻһֻнƾճһѻƽ𽣣Ȼ˵ڰ˰ѽ
˫棬ºȻ
ŵеºȻնУºȻԾǣնеĽȻʧˣ
ݵ𾪺󣬶ºȻԳԽ˵ķӦͳٶȣӽ⼸
ϧˣֻסǰ˵ǰ˵ȫޣͬǼٵġ
ಣھŵն˶ºȻüģ
ۿºȻУüĽһһѻƽ𽣷ɳն˽֮ϣһ죬
ºȻȻ˵ھŰѽ
ھš˵ƺǵһƶºȻھŰѽˡ
ϯϣе˷׷ɫ䣬ȻҲû뵽ҶܱƶºȻŰѽ
ҪǣҶŻԪڶѣºȻѾǻԪԲ֮С硣
֮ܰѶºȻƵֵزһΪ֮ΪʦΪĽлڡ
ĳϵ˵ͷзķǳе
ľˣӦþǽ֮ˡе˱󣬽
֣֪СӵĽĸ𣿡䳤ٺȻŽʵ
¿̨ϵҶ壬ڣ֪
ȻҲ֪Ľ˭̵ġ䳤ԵЩ⡣
꽣δĴ֮ǰսĽͺͽɣ˵£ûĸɵĽǽ֪ġ
ȻĲ֪


333 
䳤ٲ²ҶĽ׳ĸɵʱ򣬶ºȻ̤ѻƽ𽣣һҶȥƯѽû֪ʲôʱͻȻ
̤ĶºȻٶȼ죬˲ɱҶǰ˫ɱҶ壡
Ҷ屳է¥֮׶¥֮ʹƽơ
౦ɫ΢䡣
ֻ幺½ϷɵûоȣΪͼ¥֮ˡ
Ȼ¥֮һҶ廯ɫӰƵʮ֮⡣
ºȻתͷҶ壬Ŀһ̤֮ٶһǻǱҶ㿪ˣ˵Ҷʹñ֮ٶȺ¡
ٶ൱Σҿѹ㣬ҲΪѹ㣬似ѹ㣡
ºȻһЦ̤ٴγҶ壬߰ѽҶͬʱԼҲʹ˫Ҷ塣Űѽͬʱ൱ھŸԪΧҶѹǳ޴
ಡ
ҶɽסºȻѷɽͬʱʹŽɱ˶ºȻ
գɱ죡
ҶѰŽͶʮӵ˼£ºȻĽҲټеѻƽ𽣣ҶİŽˣҲ˲
ºȻĽԵͣƽһ˺ѣ̶ƿ䳡
ҶľȻӯĽȴᣬͬԵʮֺ
ȻҶĽҪȶºȻһЩΪºȻһ
ҪƣҶֻʹû󽣵֡ɵ֣
󽣵ֺɵҲõģΪٰɱˣֵֻǣٵǵĵ֡ʹֵĻѪžԲŹ
УֻܹѩģʥڡôࡰŭԹ£ӵд󽣵ֺɵֵй¶ȥ鷳ʹˡ
ǼҲﲻѪźʥڿɶ¥ʥ˴֮һ
ô󽣵ֺɵ֣Ǿֻáˡ
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Ҷ岢óԼĵƣͷһĻ󡱣ʮºȻ
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Ҷ岼á̫󡱣ѹºȻ̫һա
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¡𶯣̫ѹƽѹºȻƲɵ
һĻ˷׷ɫ䣬е˵ɫҲˡ
󷨣Сӵʦ˭еɻҶԲʦͨ󷨶Ҫʦ̵ģŵҲʦͨ
ʦĳʿҲ˵Ц
ʿòҪǾаļϸνЦƺҶҲˡ
а̵ļϸ֣е˺󷽵ɫȻһ䣺Ǻ͹һǸˣ
ʲôطҶˡ
ôˣתͷüͷʵ
ʦ壬ǽҶСӣһɡҧҧһǾа̵ˣ
а̣ɫһ䣬ʲô֤𣿡
ȷʵоа̵ԺʦԺĴ󣬻а̵˶Ѿʧˡԣ⼸ѡѾûоа̵ļϸ
Ҷ󷨷ǳɫѾԺʦԺĵȣʦԺ꣬ȲЩ츳ĵӣҲԲȥʧȥ˲ţȷҶݡ
͹˻лսһƺڱǾа̵ˣΪʲôҪôɡпĳϵ״ӣɫ
а̺ôĵӣȻǱ
Цһüһͷųͷֲѹϯ䳡ս
˷׷׺Ȼе˷׷һȻתͷ
תɲǣͷһʱ죬籩꣬Ҷڵ̨ȥ̨ΧסһĲͷų貵Ĺâҫ֮
Ҷ塢ºȻȫ֣ͣ㵡
䳤ҲɻĿǲ𵽵ʲô
˭ģǱĿʲôҶ壬ʵ
⡭⵽ô£Ȼ
ʦʲôˣɻʵ
ǰǰ׷ʲôˣҲ׷׿ڡ
ٺ٣ͷƽʱͦŰģû뵽ҲῪЦ䳤Ц
ûˣ̨ϵҶ壬˵ô㻹츳Ӧĳаϵ״ӲŶ԰ɣȻǱͼıС
ʲôаϵ״ӣ
ȫȻ
еҲ׷ɫ䣬û뵽ҶȻǾаˡ
аÿУҶǾаˣɣ
ѩˡ졭ĿⶼҶϣ
쵱ȻҶǾа̵ˣȻҲš
ǰΪʲô˵Ǿа̵ˣҶ̧ͷ治ɫ
ʶ˺ͻս˿ɶǾа̵ĳϡ˵
ҶĿһϼһ֪֮ʶˣ϶ģ
ӣʶˣӱ䣬䳡˶оɱ
䳡Ϣ
ûȷʵʶˡҶ˵
ʲôǾа̵ˣȫȻ
СĪǾа̵ˣ½Ϸɵһϲ
͹Ȼ㵵ĿҶ壬ҶΪʲôҪϣĪаϵ״ӣ
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Ȼ˵ʶˣɲҾǾа̵ˣҶȻ˵
˷׷ɫ䣬ûȷʵûгǾа̵ˣǡǵĻΪʲôʶˡ


334 תֵ
ߣƱ磬㲻Ǿа̵ˣΪʲôʶˣδڣȻЦ
˭ҶһЦ
ߣװͿ˵㲻֪Ǿа̵ˣߡ
ԭǰҲʶˡҶȻӡ
ϻϷȻո˵ɫȻһ䡣
ҶһЦȻǰҲʶˣǲǿ˵ǰҲǾа̵ˣ
˷׷ɫ䡣
͹Ȼ΢΢˿
Ϣڣʯ㷼Ҳ˿Ҷ汻һа״ӵͷҶҲΪ˵ˣеȷ־ͲǼӦġ
ߣЦ͹һΪ㲻ϾͲ𣿡
˷׷ɫ䣬ǲ˵ѣȻû˵ѣô˵ѵ˿϶Ҷ壡
˵һ飬ҲǾа̵ˣҶҲЩ
ߣϷס㣬ȵʦԺã㲻ϣЦȻһеĸɫ˿߱䳤ǵصҶȥ
ƥ̫Ҷһ߶¥֮ˣٶȺܿ죬Ǹٶȸ죬˺ʮɣѾա
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ۿҶ弴ǵصɫ˿֣һӰȻҶһҶǰ˵Ҷǰ󣬺Ȼ̧ɫ˿ߡ
˷׷ɫ䣬𣿾Ȼͽȥץĸ
һ̣˷׷һֻҶǰһץ𶯣۳ɴ֣ɫ˿֮ϣɫ˿ȫ飬촷ۡ
ӡɫ˿ߺһУպ¡¡𶯣䳡Ҳ
ÿֲ
˾㤣ͬʱҶǰˡ
ͻȻְҶˣǼ⣡
˭Ҳ벻ɴŮӾȻʩչ˿ֲ似
кνݵ˷׷ɫ䡣
е䳤ٿ֣ɫ΢䣬Ҳ֪Щʲô
˭ΪҪа̵ˣʵ
ûлشĻ˵ڣ˭Ҳ׼
Է׷ɫ䣬Ů˻ǿƣѵ֪ʦԺ;Ժ
ԲѣЦϷ򿴣ҲǾа̵ˣ
˵һ˺Ȼ֣ĿȥȻҶ塣
Ҷ忴ż⣬ЦֲǾа̵ˣܰôȥһʦԺΣ
Ҹһȥ
ɫ΢䣬룺ĲǾа̵ˡ
Ϸ򲻻ԩǵģûвǵ֮ǰϷӡǵΪǹѺʦԺ𻺻ڡ
ҲǾа̵أҶ̧ͷʵ
㲻Ǿа̵ˣϷȻǷˣ˵Ϸ򻹻ʦԺҶͼ⡣
ңҽʦԺôʱǲǻҪл㣿ҶЦˡ
ɫһҶڳЦ
˰ʦԺʥأҶȴûҶ弴㲻ʦԺĳɾҲԺ˸ߣҶ˵
ߣʲôȻҸʦ˵ߵ
ΪߣֻᰢķУʦԺ𣿡Ҷ弥Ц
ŭ
ˣһɫı졣
ɨһ֮Ҷͼ⣬ѡεΪֹҶ岻񡭡
ָոճڣһϵЦȻ䳡ͽΪʦˣ
¡
䳡Ͽվ𣬷ƾӿһֱǧɵĽɫ̴ӷзɳѹ䳡
̧ͷŽɫ̣׷׺Ȼ
תֵˣɫһ䣬תֵˣеɫ䣬תֵ˿Ǿа̵ʮ֮һڰˡ
ߣܿͻָƽһüͷųͷÿһöͷ޴ޱȣֻͷסԪġ
ݻɡн󡱣ľ޽ͬʱɫ̣
䣡
޽ڽɫ֮ϣ𶯣籩ϯ˷޽ͽɫͬʱķģһк¡
һڵϣըѣʯɽ

Ĳ׹䣬ըڶ
䳡ڵ˷׷׳䳡ⱼȥµĻôö֪
ˣɨνݵһۣȷɳνݵ˽
еȷǿ֣߳䳡ڵȫͬʱ̨ΧķΪϣԣҶ˸ûܵκβ
ӽɫ̳֣нٵе˾ˣһжڵʯ֮䣡
䳡Ͽշ죬ĺȻ£һʮɸߵľˣ˸䳡ЦͽΪʦûôԼˣµĻΪʦҪһͽܣ
ЦУľץ̨ϵҶ壡
ҶȻתֵ˵ͽܣ˷׷ɫ䣬𾪲ѡ
Ҷ̧ͷŷľˣҲǳ𾪣û뵽аϾȻݺ
ߣתֵˣҲ̫ˣƾһ껯˾ߣЦߵķķٴݻн
ǧڵԪнϯȥѰɳľ޽
ಣ
Ѿ޽ƿշɳնɱľ˶ȥֲĽؼ䣬籩ϯʥǣ
ľһֻּץҶ壬һְֻգһȦȦϯһƺƵѾ޽նڷĺ֮ϣܵ谭ͺһ
޽ʱ򣬷ľ˵Ѿ쵽Ҷͷ
ΪҶᱻߵʱ䳤ٺȻһЦתֵˣҲ̫Լˣ
δ䣬䳤̧ʳָָ£ָΪתֵ˵껯
ֻ䳤ٵָϹâ䣬ҫ۵Ĺâ˲䳡Źâϯת˲֮䣬ʥǶѾŽɫĹâ
ˢ
һγɵâŷľնɱȥâɣգչᴩһ
¡
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ǾԺһšתֵ˵Цصʥǣ


335 
תֵ˵Цʧ
ɢȥ䳡ڻָƽ
˼ԼͬĿҶ壬˭Ҳû룬ҶȻתֵ˵״ӡ
ΪʲôҪҶ壬䡣
˵Ҳתֵ˵ĵӣ𣿡Ҷ建ڡ
ҪʱˣϷڣʦıԳҲȲ㣡
ǰҶ岻Ǿа̵ˣȻվ˳
ǰҲţҶԲǾа̵ˣȻҲվ˳
ߣǰǺ˵Ҷ϶Ǿа̵ˣ幺Ȼվ˳˵ǰڽżʱҶ;а̵һ𡣡
ǰҲ֤½ϷɺͶľҲվ˳
ߣѪˣڽżʱǺҶҲһҶûк;а̵һ᲻֪ȻЦ
ٺ٣ȹҶ˻Ǳƭˡ½ϷЦ
ûȹǧҪ£һЦ
Ȼ˵ɢ¥һϺȻ˵ȻҪ˵ˣתֵ˵ĵӣ
ϡȻ΢䡣
ʱȻ˵һǴʦԺڿѾûǸҪˣ
Ȼͬʱɫ䡣
ȻǾа̵ˣϷɱǣϷֻǵΪĿҶͼ⡣
㲻ɱңڵģҶȻЦ
˷׷ɫ䣬СӵĵҲ̫ˣʱ򻹸Ҹô˵
ڣЦƾ㻹вϷ򣡡
㲻µĻΪʲôҪϵҵΪҶ弥Ц
ļϷûá𵭵ߵķĺȻһѾ޽ңָҶͼ⣬䳡
ҪһŮ˳𣿡Ҷ
ֻҪǾа̵ˣϷһŹ俪ڣȻҲŹ
˷׷ɫ䣬Ҷ׶༪ˣʦԺ̫ϳϳ֣˭ҲȲҶ塣
ͷǸŮ㲻ܶ䳤ٺȻڡ
һ˷׷һ
תͷ䳤٣ɫ䳤٣ӦҲǾа̵ˣ
˵ӦҲǣҲ˵ԼҲȷ䳤Ц
䳤٣ҲܴӦ㣬ǺתֵйأҾԲܷ
ڣ㶯䳤Ц
ãϷӦ㣡һ
˷׷ɫ䣬ǸŮ˺䳤ٵʲôϵ
ˣϷ򲻻Ϊ㡣ȻԼ˵
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㲻ͷĶ֣Ȳ䳤˵
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䳤ɫһ䡣
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ҿɲĶֻ֣һ취ǾǶ㵽ʥͼȻʥͼӡõʥͼҲû취ץ㡣ĸ˵һ¾ֻԶʥͼˡ
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תֵ˵ĻҲ𣿡¿
תֵ˺ûйϵΪʲôҪЦ
Һûйϵʵ
֪һЦ
ûκιϵҲתֵδؾͺʲôϵ˵
ԽԽͿ
ô˵ǷҪˣŭЦ
ĳ˵Ǿа̵ˣµڡ
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ٺ٣ͷȵԱ죬˵仰䳤ٺȻЦ
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δ䣬ѾİɢȥʱѾʧ
䳤ٿˣЦղŵȫᣬѡξ͵Ϊֹˡ
΢٣УֵúòһҶСֵܣˣòм츣һҶСֵܺˡ
ʲʲôһ㶡
ôʦĻҲ𣿡䳤ٲˡ
Сʦ˵Цˣһհ죡ǿЦʵ䳤˵ѡλûֳǰǼȻ䳤ѾѡνˣҲٶ˵ʲô
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÷ɽׯһһ̳þơ˵֮䣬һƾŲһҶߡ
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Ҷȥ
ԶѩҲշ𣬸ȥ
͹ȻҶ尲Ȼ׷˿½ϷɵˣǵɫǳΪҶɣû뵽·ȴɱƵǣҶǵûȻõһ츣ء
ҶߺνݿУɻ֣Сӵʲôϵ
Ҳǽĵӣֻͽͬš˵
ͬţĳϷ׷ɫ䡣
ǽͬţΪʲôֳתֵ˵ĵӣ˲⡣
תֵ˺ͽʦгݺҶ塭²⡣
˵˵ͷ˵ȷʵмֵ


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336 Ҷ
ʥϿյƲУƲϣºҶ壡䳡¾ʹҶ˴˵ء
϶֣ΪʲôõĽµĿ⿴ԶϷӿƲ㣬˵
ûȷʵ֡Ҷ˵
ʵҲĽҶ㽣еľ裡˵
ҶĿһѵ֪֡
㽣ʵ
¾ҶҶȴûлشµ⣬֪»᲻ĪµǸ˲
ҶԽ㽣˲ǲǣµЦ⻹һЦ
ҶĬˡ
㲻ĵĻҿԷԣ˵
ˣǰҶЦһ˵ĽͿԿ˵ıԣŽ
ʲôط¿Ҷ塣
ڣĪ֮¡Ҷ˵
򡭡Ŀһ
ǰλǰʲôϵҶʵ
ǰ㲻ĵ𣿡Щ졣
ҶҡҡͷλǰȻҽûΪͽ
ܵõָѾĪ컯΢٣̾㣬Ĳԩ
֪תֵΪʲôҪݺ㣿ºȻʵ
ҶҡҡͷҴûмתֵˡ
תֵ֪ӵлֵ𣿡Ŀһ
Ӧ֪Ҷ˵ͷ˻Ѿͬʱӵ͵ֵ¸תֵˡ
Ըа̵һ츳а̴鷳תֵ֮ݺ㣬뾡㡣³
Ҷɫһ䣬Щ˶ϿɲǼ¡
вҲа̵ɱˣҪСģǼȻѾˣͲ׷Ź㡣˵֣ǾԲɳ
ǰһСĵģҶͷ
֪ʹ𣬿ϣ㲻Ҫ˶˳˵ڣȫһЩа̵˲̫޼ɵԸ㣬ĸҲ㵲
ǰģҲΪ˳ġҶһЦʵ˵²ȰĻ
鷳Ļȥ˼ʥ÷ɽׯҡ΢٣¿ŲԶϷӿƣҵͫȻ˵á
˵䣬廯Ѫڶɢؼ䡣
¸ոʧʹԶŨз˳
ǽͫҲûס
ֻѣı֪ж¡⣬֪ӵĸɵ𣿡Ҷʵ
˵ӵɣĽͨսɵġ˵
ĪǣĪôǰҲսҶ
ҵˡ
ȻһЦ
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ھʹȥһһЦһһҽɫС
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ʱ󣬱Ҷ˳ϢĹУóҵ꣬šҶ͹Ȼ˽˶츣ء
츣Сһ족ҩĺޣһΪᱻѹƵԪ
ʱҶ뿪һ죬űǰһ츣ء
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졢ĸ
߸츣صʱҶо˷ǳ񱩵Ľ⣡ɽѾ̺ԪУҶԪʱϻͻȻоһʹ
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ԣ֮ͱ˳֮Ϊ򽣶족
򽣶ǳ⣬Խǿ룬Դѹ֮ԽǿΧ߲ܵɣĵȴֻлԪ߿Խȥ
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˼ʵҶһ˦ƹ
꼧ĻҶһȷʵбҪһ

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ҶڣΪˮõȻЩʵΪͲý
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337 ŋ
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Ҷɻ󣬵׷ʲôˣ


338 Ů
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һѶС䵶Ƥ֮ϣ䵶Ƕ챦ʯҫҫԡ
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Ҷסκ̧ͷһֻ޵žų߾޵߲ճһնʦ
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340 
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341 ʯ
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ʯϵܣֻҪ˽뿪۵Ц
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ߣһ̫׽̵ĳЦҪ˹жʮֱǿˬʯ졭
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ֻҪʯЩ˽Ͼߡ̫׽̵ĳЦ
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342 Ͱ
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Ϲ̫׽̸ʲôȻϰ̫׽̣ʯ컺ڡ
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343 Ȼ
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ʮԪߵĹҲҪâοҶ壿Ҷ߶¥֮ܣʮನ߷ɹߡ
ߣѩ޵½ڤͬʱ֣һìһҶ壬һǰһһǻ棬һǱѩγ˼л֮ơ
ˣҶħħȻ򳤽ȥͬʱҶתһȭ˳ìԪ֮۳ɽһȭӡ˳ì
ìɵɲǣħѱѩס˶С
Ǳѩ޵½ڤɫһ䣬ǵ۹⣬ȻóħԲƷ
һɵˣôӵֱ½ڤѩ޵⡣
ɱǵˣ½ڤ촽
֣ѩ޵ȳɱҶ壬½ڤʥڵĵӽ
ʮΧҶ壬Ҷ弴зħҲá
ͬʱҲʵ챾ڲ֮䣬ôΧĶ֣
ȻĴ΢һЩϾ˲ɱ
ɱ֮ʱʦûߣȴѪŵĵΧסĿѪŵĵӣλ磬Сú˲һģǴС߰ɣСԸһźҡ
˻棿Ѫŵĵǰһ
ʦƴͷǽţ¶Ϊ֮ɫСò¼ŮˣǵУСֻźһǷҪСõĻСֻ־
˵һ


345 ͳ
ʦĻѪŵĵһۣһ˵ʦܣ߰ɣ
ʦ֣߰ɡһѪŵĵ˵
Уʦֲ
ʦִΪʦ룬ʦܸôʦ֣

Ѫŵĵ໥ãȻ˭Ҳϵʦߡ
ʦͣðſڣˣһ߰ɡ
УǾԲί˶ǳĿŲʦ
ðɣǼʦڨڨһЦ
ʦ֣ԴӼѪţ㴦ʦܣξʦһΰɡ
СʦֿóϲλʦֲܶԲ㡣
Ѫŵĵǫ
ͬʱԶҶѾ
ҧָ⣬ѾѪͿĨ˾ƺ«֮ϣ߶ƺ«ˣ
Ҷħѹѩ޵ˣȻҲ٣Ҳȫ
ߣƷɲֹУѩ޵ЦҲԼƷ
Ȼһѹ٣˶ͣ֡
ֻһƽս׵˴ԶҶķб֮ϡ˴ǡâƽסȻҲһұ۵Ļƽսһͳ֣ݣͳ죡
ͳòãŭ
֮ڲ׼ɱǲ֪𣿡ͳɨˣ俪ڡ
ͳ죬ȶֵ˲ǡҶɫ
ûȶֵĲǡ͹Ȼ˵
ѩ޵¶֮ɫҶ˵ı飬ɫ΢䡣
ߣǵϹ𣿱ɱǣͳߡ
Ҷɫ䣬ͳһģ
֮以ɱҪǲܸһɣᵱɱǣͳ
ɣҶЦ˵ʲôɶûðɣ
ͳȣһ糱ˮɱҶȥ
ҶЦħħȻϯȫħա
ߣ·ϣͳЦѪէһѪȻУȻѪŵˣ
ˢͳһնҶ壬âϯ˷ҫ֮
Ҷɫ䣬ˣ˶˸Եıֵ
䣡Ҷƺһĺʮɡ
ǷһΪȴɱڶΪȴ·ϡͳЦΪͳ죬Ȩǣ
ߣҲ䵱ͳ죿ͳ춼ˣҲգҶЦ
ûͳ죡ȻЦ
ûϻľǾȻ˽˳ǡѾ˵ͳ˵
ѩ޵Цˡ
˸ΪҪعصˣͳЦּѪһնҶˣ졣
Ҷ˼ˣȻȻҶǰȡ˴Ѷ
ڹȻɲǣһ˴ҶߣһбһѪ
Ѫʱ˴˷б֮ϣ˾Ȼ佣̡ѩˡ
ǵסͳѪ˴ʮӣǷЩţҲâƽףֱҲһͳ֣ȻҲһͳ졣
ŹҶ˵ͳ죬ξȻͳ죬㲢ûɱȨҰͱϻᣬͳµˡ
佣úõĻţô˵ĳɱǣξһЦ
Ҳǻ𣿡佣
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ϣˡ佣һЦ
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佣ɨҶһۣɨһۣſξ˵ֻˣǻȥǱԼʮĵǲô޴Ǹˣѵһ㶼벻𣿡
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֣Щ»ʿɶֹĺã佣Ц
Ȼϵܵôǣ¾͵һˡξһЦת˵߰ɡ
˵˵ͷξɻԼķбͬʱΧסʦѪŵֹͣǫáĿ˲ʦһۣתߡ
ʦҧŽ׵Сһ˵ĳ嶯
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佣ЦԺСһЩҪξץѱһرʲôˡ
Ҷ˵˵ͷ
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ʱҶ˾Ѩ
ѨһȥأֱʮɽɸߵĴ϶ɣϾ̰Сĳӣ޳ûУ޺һֻֻչʮɵĴЩѪǳʢԶԶȥͺһɫ̫
ھѨϿźƲ㣬ʵⲢƲ㣬Ǵ̵ͷųԪԽϣԪԽ񱩣澡УҲ޷ʱֵЩ
ɶɸֻ͵ȥЩͻƵԪںͻԪԲĻᡣ
ڵԪתԪΪԪڣ
ԪΪԪԲ
Ҷ̧ͷŸ߿е㣬׼С
ҲУϾֻǻԪڶѡ
ʹǻûдѶӦûûҵа̵ķֶ棬ǿԳʱȥ濴佣ЦῴҶȥ
ҶһЦлͳ죡
ΣգһᵲסһǧҪ뿪б佣ѵ
磬ͷĺˣǿɲȥ佣һЦ
ѩ˺̧ͷ㣬Ҳ¶ڴҲ뿴һ浽ʲô
ʦɵڴϣ鶯Ĵ۾ϵգţҲ֪Щʲô
£һ˳ŷбС
бոʻУʹ˷ϯ絶һ㣡


346 ³
ϯ佣Ȼͷų佣һġѪѷб֮ϣʱתԪб
Ҷ쵱ڼװϣ˹Ԫ
佣ѩ˵ҲڼװԪȻѾǻԪԲͬҪԪԪԲҪ֮ҪڵԪȫתԪ
ûɵ֣ҶԪٶȲ˿١佣ڣ뱩¶Լĵ֡
ҶԪʱ򣬺ȻһЦôٶ̫ˣϷһѣ
¡ЦУһֻԪĴѪ֮ϣѪûѪıϯб
佣˷׷ֵ˷ϯ
Ҷ֣ȻоԼһεָоǳ֣ΪǴһԼˣѾ޷
ವһҶƾʧ˷б֮ϡ
ɫ䣬ֻĿҶʧ

ͬʱĳһƾճ֣Ҷ壡
ҶĽƾճģݻһֱɵĴ󣬴ͷųɹâסΧʹΧ޷Ҷ塣
˿̵Ҷ廹޷Χ˵ǰǲˣΪʲôץ
ٺ٣СӣҸʱʱ䣬Ҫҵ󷨣ҾͷߣƲˣҾҪһЦ֪Ӻδ
֪ǰƽһ󷨣ҶĿһʵ
ٺ٣ɣҪƼ󷨣ԼȥȥɡЦٴδ
ǰΪʲôҪΪңĪҵǰҶʡ
ٺ٣Ϸǿ㲻˳ۣΣЦ
Ҷǳ鴤⻹콵
ٺ٣Сӣʱʱ䣬ƽⲻ˵ĻͱϷˡЦʧ
˵˭ΪʲôץΪʲôҪƽ󷨣Ҷ˼⡣
ãһ󷨣ǵһ󷨣ҽµǵڶҪɣҪƵ󡣡
ǿ󷨸ôƣҶü
㿴ڣȻҪ㣬Ϳ϶ϡĸȻҶ塣
ûȻҪסңһϡҶĿһ
Ҫƽһ󷨣Ҫ˽󷨣Ҫ˽һ󷨣˽󷨵ķ̬ͷĵŲĸֵ
֪ôˡҶüһͷųͷģİ˶
Ȼϵ󷨣ҶͨȥӦİɲǣڸоϵ󷨣󷨺أͺһһ˶
һ쵽ԶԶ֮⣬ͷƺĳںԶĵطţ
Ϊص󷨣ʹ޷
ƽ⣿
ĸ˵Ҫƽ󷨣˽̬һĵŲ
Ҷŷģ֮ڣЩľͺ۾Կ󷨡
̬Ȼͷγ㶦֮ƣ
ЩĹɵʵǻ󡢴ȵʮ϶ɵģҶֱֻܷеļ󷨡Ժ̫͡ǵؽϵ󷨡
Ҷá󡱽ƽ⣬ηӡһġ
Ҷӡһʱס󷨺Ȼ⣬ֿԶˡ
Ҷ÷µĴֿʼƽ󷨣
һʱڰƽ⣬󷨸ոձƽ⣬ľԶݻһâǵ󷨡
Ҷ屾ΪǸɱ󣬿ǣⲢһɱγɺûйǰ˷ϯתԪ֮
ʱŨԪ֮ˮһΧҶ塣
ǾԪ󣡡Ҷɫһ䣬ô£ʲô
ԪҲ᲼ڵΪòܾۼԪľԪ
ȱʲô㻹ȰЩԪ˵ħˮɺȻ˵
ԣҶתɵ֣ԪڵԪϵתԪҲ֪˶ãĵѾԪ
ԪתԪͻƵԪڵı־
ȻҶѾһԪתԪҪԪѡѻɢ۳Ԫ֮Ԫ֮Ԫ֮ìȵȣﵽһȫٰ˳ɵԪתԪڶ
ҶĵʮѪԪͨ˶࣬ҪѰ˳ɵԪתԪҪʱ佫ȱ˶ܶ౶ӵɵ֣ڻԪڣƾҪ֮ͣá
һҶͻƵԪԲսԶԽͬףܰѡ塷ʮϣȫԺһս
ڣʱ޷ﵽأƾɵ֣ȴȰԪ֮ȫתԪ֮
ɵַɡת֮£ҶڵԪ֮Ѿתĳɣɡɡ
ڣԪ֮ת˰˳ɣоԼٺͶºȻֵĻĿȫѹסºȻ
ȻԪһġ
Ҷ岻òֹͣԪôֵ˷ӿ硣
ٺ٣СӣԪԪԲʹҲ´࣬Ȼˣǹ̥
ЦʱһĻ˴߳޷ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷŻˣЦлǰ
Ҫ˵ġԪ󡱣ôͻƵԪڣۻ˳ʲôĿģҪлˡ
ٺ٣㲻лңҲ󷨣ǾԪƽⲻǰĻԪҲЦ
ǰƺʶΪʲôҪץҶɻ
ٺ٣ȷʵʶʶӣҶڵĴϣΪϣȻҪ˿һǸĻҿɲԸϣЦ
Ҷɫһ䣬˾ȻӺȥλʦ
ٺ٣Сӵ츳ӽ쿪ʼ˾ǴҶڵĴˣһЦ
ˣҶһ㶣˴֮һˣжţһȻǳΪԼɵĴϡ


347 ͵컻
˴֮УȻǷ֮ϵˣȴ˳Ϊ˵¥ʥ򣬳ŋ־իͿȸһ֮⣬
˴ǿץȴѣıһġ
ǰýżֵʱû֣˰˴ٱͬûץסһˡҶڣҶ嵱Ȼ֮
Ҫ֪Ȼڰ˴УֻŵǸʦʦҶãı±ǿˡ
ǰҶڵĴϣʵ˴Ҷ֮ҶЦ
ٺ٣ҪǰϾԺһˡЦ
磿ҶˣһＸˣ
˱Ҷһۣû˵ٹϷİ꣬˱Ѿˡ
Ԫ֮ÿͻƶѣԲİ󾳣Ѿһšкνݵ˺ᣬʵҲѾмˡ
ǺǣǡǺᡣҶǿЦ
ٺ٣ϵܣ֪֪ղʲô󷨰ץģ˺ȻЦʵһ⡣
Ҷҡͷ
ǿϸҵĿ󷨡͵컻աԽ⡣
ϸΪʲôҪңĪǣϸ͸ңҶЦ
ȻУҲû;ܾҶ塣
ҿ͵컻աҲû˵ôðɣҶϷʵ
ٺ٣ϵܣʵѧ͵컻աҲǲԡһЦ
ϸ磬ʲô;˵ɡҶЦ
õؽƷˡЦ
ߣ͵컻աӦòǵؽƷ󷨰ɣοֲѧʲôãҶ˵
ٺ٣˭˵͵컻ա͵ģղҲǰ͵ͲǶû˵
ŲǶҶﰵһ䣬ȴ˵˵ϸǸ֣
ٺ٣ϵȵǼϲ֮⣬¥ʥûǸʦ̬Ȼ
ɵ֮õǾתɵ˵Ķ԰ɣҶЦʵ
һ㣬ֻҪ΢˽˶֪û˵˵Щʲô
Ҷ岻ˣʵתɵΪ֣һСתɵһǴתɵСתǴתֶԷΪףǼСתĵؽ׳ɵҲ޼֮˵Ķ԰ɣ
һΣ˵ɫˣû뵽Ҷô˽
ҪƳõĵҩкõ֮Ҷ٩٩̸֮ػҩҩɵԳɵΪҲΪϡУ˵Ǿ̻ҲûеؽϵĴתɵ
ˣҶһЦ˵ǵؽϵСתɵԺҲ࡭ϸ㣬ҿôã϶еؽ׳ɵ
ٺ٣¶ˣȷʵһؽ׳ɵȻصֻСתɵҲ޼֮ϵȵ֮ԱҸΪһȱ׳ɵҵõǵĳɵߣ᲻ǣ˺˺ߡ
ϸ磬˵ҿ԰õһؽ׳ɵŲţҶһЦСתǴתɵ
ʲô˵ҲƵץסҶ죬˵ʲôطȥ
ϸǴҶڵĴϣĵȻ岻ݴǣҶһЦû˵ȥ
˾ĶҶ壬ƭҵġ͵컻աСӻǲѵ˸ղ˭㲼õľԪ𣿡
ϸ磬ҿɲˡҶЦ
ܰõؽ׳ɵһѡ͵컻ա㣡ɫ
ϸ磬˵ġҶЦЦһһС
㲻ңǵؽ׳ɵɣ˱˱Ҷ塣
ϸ粻ŵĻΪʲôһҶѾݸˡ
˽ӹȥĭ֮Сķһۣ˾ĴЦǣǣǡ
ôɣҶǳ鴤
ߣֻܼӲŻôĶˣħˮɺȻҶһ䡣
ҶЦˣ֮԰ѳɵˣΪ£ˣһɣԲȱһʦοʦǸС͵ԺҶȱʲôģÿԽȥ͵һϲ͵Уʨүĳɵܶ࣬һֲʲôʧ
ϵܣ꣬ϸҽΪ¥ʥһʦ˼˵
ȡҶһЦϸ磬ǲǸýҡ͵컻աˣ
ѧᡶ͵컻աɲһ£ڵĻʱͿѧˡ˺ٺһЦһָҶüģϢҶԺС
ЩϢУ͵컻աо飬ѹ˻˵ʱҶѧᡣ
͵컻ղܶԱΪ̫ʹãΪԷΪ̫ߵĻסԷУԷΪ̫ߣķεģҲסԷϾĿԷʱ򣬿϶Ԫ𶯡˵
԰ѽĽ͵𣿡Ҷ忴ˣЦʵ
ߣҸո붯֣µĽѾҺˡû˵
ҶһЦʵֻǺ˿Цѣ͵ĴӵĶȫ
ʵһ˻ԵӵӵĽĿһ
˭Ҷɫ΢䡣
ӰӣһЦĴ֮УӰӵٶ죬Լ˵µڶ졣
µһ˭Ҷ档
˵µһûЦ
ÿӰӣҶ˵
ȺǿƣӰӾȻҿºڣ˵Լٶµڶȷʵ
ٺ٣˵ӰӵĻ֮󣬺ӰӱһֻһֱûҵӰӣԵǽٶȿ죬ӰӸʤһ˭Ҳ˵Ц
΢٣˵ϵܣҰ㻤ھͿʼ͵컻աɣ뿪ˣû˽ˡ
ҪߣҶһ㶡
аƺھѨʲôƺҲжˣҿɲܴⳡϷһЦ
а̵˵׷ʲôˣҶʵ


348 콾
ʲôҲ֪þа̿ϵĶЦ
˿϶ῴžа̰Ѷߣ֮ѨһҡҶɫ
ٺ٣ʱҪԶһЩǧСЦ
ҶһЦ£ʼĿ͵컻ա
˱߰Ҷ廤ΪҶ彲⡶͵컻աļ衭
ʱҶ˷ֿҶͷų֮סԼѰˡ
зûúҶȻ˵Ŀһ˵֮ȥܿ죬пʮҷб
Ҳ֪ǸǿͷųԼʮҷбסΧ硣֮ϣײ
ʥڡѪŵȵ¥ʥͰ˼ʥĴȻڷб֮ϡҶǣҽɫķбϵˣȻǽˣ
⣬佣˵ķбҲڣ
Ҷ֮һâƽסӸֳԪ壬˹ȥ
СâƽסҶ峩ͨĴ˵ķб֮ϡһֱڵҶ壬ҶƽµĻˣ˿
ʦҶ尲ȫаСôû
˸Ҷ屻˭ˣҶȴʵʲôˣΪʲô
սǵģ佣ɫ
Ҷ忴Žڵķбʮĸ˾ս¥ʥͰ˼ʥ𣿡
ֻʮĸ˽̫ӵ֮⣬ĸİסĸİУһˣǸڱĿ񣬺ȻӦǽĳϡ
ÿѡʮʮΪʮ̫ӣʵǿΪ̫ӣԴơͳ佣˵ǿʮˣһʮ̫ӣ
Ҷͽ̫ӽ֣֪̫ӵĿ£¥ʥһ˶ºȻ֮⣬ûǽ̫ӵĶ֣
İӦǽĴ̫ӡ̫ӡ̫ӣ˵ʵ϶Ƚ̫ǿˣǶºȻҲûκʤ㡣
ҽֻʮˣ¥ʥͰ˼ʥɳ˶νҽ嶼ˡ峤˫ۣɨˣڡ
ߣĳϷ׷׺һ
ȻǲӦսĻϷҲǿ峤Ц
̲סһ
ôֻҽУӦս𣿡̫ӼЦ
ߣ򣡡ЦȻվ˳
ٺ٣ƾ㻹綯֡ʮ̫˳мĿ
ߣ䲻ɲ˵㣡ЦȻֳƽʨӰƽʨſڴ糱ʮ̫Ӷȥ
֮飬ҲҷŹ⣿ʮ̫ӼЦһͻȻһ⣬һĳɱǰָ繴ץš
ۿ񼴽ʮ̫ӻɱһӰһץס񱳺·һˣܿ˽ʮ̫ӵĹ
֮Ĵ磬ʨս
ٺ٣һϵĻҲûκʮ̫ӼЦ
ս㣬ĳһӣսЦһߵǰ
磬СģһٶȺܿ죡ս֮˵ȺС
սʵܽʮ̫ӦòѡҶ忴ս
Ȼһ߳Ц֣ɲ԰øң
ɳɫ΢䡣
սɳ˵ͷս֮⣬ȻɳѾڣȻܾܾ
ҺĵȻսңʮ̫ЦЦĿɳ
սɳЦ̫Լˡ
δ䣬ɳһһѪ«УһȦȦѪɫɳƯѪ«Χ
Ҷ֪ѪɳŵѪɳ֣ÿӵѪɳֵˣһѪɫ««Ѫɳ
ɳ콾ھţԪڣʮ̫ҲǻԪڣ˭˭Ӯһ
Ȼʮ̫ȳץɳ۳ɽצɳ
ɳ߶Ѫ«Ѫ«ѪɳѪɳ죬۳ѪìڽצϣצȻ顣
ߣʮ̫ЦһԽʩչ٣ɱɳȥΪٶ̫죬ֻܿɫӰɳΧ
ɳƯһִޱȵѪɫɳϹʮ̫ӡ
쳹죬ɳͽʮ̫ӼսݣѪɳ硣
ʮ̫ӺȻһֻ޴ޱȵĽӶ򣬷Ĺɳ
ɳ߶Ѫ«Ѫ«ѪɳǻǻѪìǻ޽
Ѫɳ仯ʹýʮ̫ӵĹȫ⣬ת˲֮˾ͼսʱȻûзֳʤ
ǽʮ̫ӣֱܸܰࣿʮ̫ŭˣҲ֪ʹʲôطϢǣͷųҫ۵Ľ⡣
ಣ
ʮ̫ӵٶɳʱ·硣
ʮ̫õӦǽططܶʱڵļǱҲá佣Ҷ˵
ȥɳ¼ֲ˶ˡҶ˵
ǿδأɳкֶܶûʹ佣һЦ
˵ɳȻһ
ɳҶɫ΢䣬ɳȥֻѪ«Ѫɳסɳ
ԽԽѪɳɳϣʹɳһɳˡ
̫ӵ˿һĻɫ΢䡣
ȻɳһȭһѪɳɳɳ䱬ըҽë衣
̫ǿȻը˼ëȴûˡ
࣬Ȼˣʮ̫ӱŭɳȥ񶯳ɫķнɱɳ
ɳٴγȭѪɳһɳɳ
䡭쳹ɳͽನͬʱɳȥ
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353 ԡѪ
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ʦҶ壬˵ԩ޳ΪʲôǲϷŹ
ʲôʱ򲻿ϷŹˣҶһЦ
˼˵Ϸߣʦǰһ
ҪҷҲУ˵ʵҶЦ
Ĳ֪ʥʲôãҲ֪ʦΪʲôҪȥʥʦ˵
ѾˣԼϧѡҶһЦ
ðɣҸˡʦǳԸ˵ҵʥʵӦý׼ȷ˵Ӧһ֦
Ҷɫ΢䣬ʲô
˵ǳϣ޼½֮Ѿˡʦ˵
ʦ𣿡Ҷʵ
û˵ʦ˼Ҳûмʦ˵
Ȼû˼ʲôҶü
ҾĲ֪ˣֻ֪ʦǶʦգգ۾
ҵ֦ΣҶʡ
Ҳʹʦʦûиҡ˵ʦЦ뿪˰ɣ
ô֪˵ǲģҶһЦ
ˣʦҧŻŭɫ
ûˣ֤˵ĶģǲߵġҶЦ
ʦίĿҶ壬
һжûáҶЦ
ʦʵûˡ
һ⣬ܻشҵĻҾͷ㡣ҶЦ
ʲô⣿ʦǰһ
а̵ѨʲôҶ嶢Ųʦ
ѨؾһضһѪԨضûܽȥѪԨͬʮѪԨѾǰôΣˡʦһЦ
ѪԨʲôҶʡ
Ҳ֪ʦҡҡͷ
õѪԨĶûôװɣҶ˵
ߣƾ˴˻ֹǡʦȻ
˻ҶһЦ
ѵ֪ǵܶͲ¥ʥ򡭡ʦЦʱӦѾɹˡ
ţĪǣʦҲ֣ҶЦʵ
Ҳ֪ʦЦ˰ɣ
Ҷ˵ħȻ˵ʱһ
˹ħҶɫһ䡣
ÿʦȻС
Ҷһ㶣࣬ͷһ־Ȼ˲ʦʵؿ֮ϣεЦЦæÿӳ˷ħ
С쵰ȱķӡ⿪ˣÿģʦݺݵĶ˶ţҲ˳ȥ
ħ⡣
Ҷ忴˽峤Ϻͽ̫ӡ
࣬ڻ˭ܾ㣿̫Ц
ʱʦҲӷħзɳ̫Ӻͽ峤ϣһ䡣
࣬ѽħӽ峤ϻڡ
ҽ𣿡ҶһЦ
Ϸһȫʬ峤Ц
ǰһģҪɱˣߺˣʦȻЦ
ϷϷǽ峤Ц
һ𣿡ʦһãȻ
ߣ࣬ȻҽһᲢۣ̫Цһӣһɫƿննɱʦȥ
һҲȻŮҲ򣡡ʦһ䣬㵽Ҷ
ʦ̫ӵʱҶץħסǰһɫն˷ħϣҶʮ֮⡣
ߣ峤Цһ̧һץ磬צץҶȥ
һǿ֣߳Ҷûκʤ㣡
ɲɶϼһΪʲôҪӡΪʦҧ
ۿҶ弴峤ɱһЦ˷нˣ
ЦУҶüĴͷų貵Ľ⣬УһĿ࣬ͷ𷢵Ĵ߳һץץҶĽצȻ顣
ţ𷢴һͻȻڽ峤ߣס˽峤ϵĲӣѽ峤
ʦͽ̫ӺȻʧɫ
С̫ˣӲ㣬ɣ𷢴󺺲ĿŽ̫ӣЦ
̫ŵɫ԰ף˽峤һۣԥһ£Ȼҧתߡ
ʱ𷢴󺺳Ųʦ˹ȥʦһæˣƴҡͷ˵óԣóԣһҲóԣ
Сӿɲϲ⣬ĺˡ𷢴󺺿Ц
𷢴ʥͼع֮һʨү
ʦ˿
ʨүΪʲôѽ̫ӷˣҶȻʵ
СӣҲˣ˭屨ţû˸屨ţ֪ǵĳϱץˣʨүЦһֻɲӳԣԽԽã
ҶͲʦ
㡭㾿ǺˣҽʲôΪʲôҪɱҽˣ˵ʱ򣬽峤Ǻ
ӾϲԽ⣬ûκɣʨүЦ͵һŤһ峤ϵĲӾͱŤˣ
ʨүʦЦ
˵ĺãȽʱ򣬿϶һݣʨүЦ
ʦǰһ촽һȲӡ
ŮˡҶ˱ﲽʦ
СӣѷħʨүһץħɵУѽӵ˷ħС
СӣҲȥʨүҶ塣
ңҶһ
СӣѪ֮ÿԸ壡ʨүЦ
ҶĿһûѪȷʵ塷뵽Ҷûԥ˷ħ
ʨүԼȺˡʦȻ˵
ΪʲôʨүŲʦ
ǺǣûʲôҵĶͻȻʦһЦȴ룺ҿɲһϴˮ
ûϵҰ֮ĶӾͲˡʨүЦ
ǣҲôϲ⣡ʦЦ
СŮҪһźãǰһͷĸʨӣÿٶ⣡ʨүЦ
ǣҵΪ̫ˣ˽֮󣬿϶ܲ˵ġʦЦ
ģҰĽġʨүЦ
ǡʦίѾ֪ôˣѾˣȾͺȰɣֲʲôҩ
ڲʦʱҶڷħԡѪ壡


354 ˫ɱ
ԡѪҶڻ𺣵У
ת塷ѪлȵˡϴҶ
࣬ҲùģȻһԹҶС
Ҷ˫һӽü˹꾡Ѿ÷ǳҲͨԪܿġ
ϧҶ岢ͨĻԪߣӵбȾа̵ɻָӿµɵ֣꣡
ۿҶתɵ֣֮죬ѽһȥɵַǳ£ûֶþͱҶɴ
˽һɵգһҶ壬ҶǿûãҶͷɱ䣬
귢ĵڶɱ䣬һɱ䣬ʹԺڵ࿹⣡ڵʹ󷨣Ժڵһս
ʦǿ֮ڿǿô󣬴ӶԽɱˡͨߣӵкǿҲ޷ô󣬵ǿһǿ
ɱɺҶĿ˹սѪ¿ʼ塷
ѪҶ类һһҪС塷Ĺͱսˡ
ʱ󣬵ҶһνѪľʱѾİٽ٣֮ǿޱȣƷҲ˲
ңѽİٽٺѾõʹô󽣵ִĸɡ
Ȼ󽣵ֺɵһҲɱ䣬ÿɵյҲһַ˴󽣵֡󽣵ٴɱ䣬ôѾѽİٽ٣Ҳ޷ܴ󽣵ִĸɡ
ڴ󽣵ֱϾûɱ䣬Ҷ岢õôࡣ
ʱȥˡҶһ˳ȥ
ħ֮⣬ʨүЦСӣˡ
ʦҶˣˣѵҪСӵϴˮ
ʨүͽˡҶһЦ
ʨү촽ħ˷ܵһε赲޷ӽʨү
ʱʨүҶ˽ʦʨүġ֮£Ҳò½
֮ʨүصʥͼ棬ʦļ尾ڽģԺһҲҪҶϴˮ
ߵĻھͿߡҶȻԲʦ˵
ķߣʦһϲĿҶ塣
ǿЦ𣿡ҶһЦ
С쵰ǺˣʦһЦתϺȻͷųһͱ︯ʴ
ĿͲʦ뿪ҶҲһȥҪȥѰˣ
˼ʱҶ岢û˵Ӱ
ȻһЦѩŮЩѾɱ˲٣ˡ
ԣҶæתϢ
ҲЩ඼ɱˣЩ˿ɶ콾ûбֶΡҸ˵˱ΪߵˣҲа취ߡǽСѩŮЦ
ߣߵһΣҾͲߵڶΣߡ
Ҫġɱô࣬ŭֻؾϹ֣ʱߵĻҲûСѩŮЦ
ģǰֻؾϹ֣ڲһ𣿡һЦ
ѩŮһЦٶ˵ʲôʵ󣬾а̵״ʲôʱ֣
ˣѪԨķӡѾɶ󼸵ӡʧʱǵ˺;а̵˾ͻᶯˡ˵
ѪԨҶɫһ䣬ѪԨ浽ʲô˭Ȼ;а̵ˣ
ѩŮˣǷˣȻһŮӵ
ţѩŮҲʲôطĸɵˣ
һ˺죡
Щ˰ҾƵͶ·ģҲҪǳһָо
˵䣬ѩŮ˵ϢѾʧȻѾԶȥ
塭ѵǸ۾ˣ
Ҷɫ䣬ǲǰǵ۾ˣΣˣ
Ҳû룬Ҷ峯ȥķ򼲳۶ȥ

ûãҶͣǰĺ
ߣһѣҲҵǣЦ
׷ʲôˣҶɫһ䣬˹ȥ磬ʮ°׷аɫŮΧ졢Ȼ佣ˡ
ͬʱһɵ۾ˣԼһʸ߹󣬱İŮںһ˽֡Ҷ֪۾ӦþǸˣӦĳǿߵķ
Ǹʸ߹İŮӣǡѩŮ
ǸֻǷȴһжּ죬ɫ䣬ʵǿޱȡ
˱ϾֻǷѣֲ֧˶ã
Ҷһҧ˷ȥ
һģһΧ˵İŮЦתץҶ壬ָŷʸҶ塣
ŮڣûҶ
Ҷüһʱ裬̫󡱣һž޴ޱȵ̫ͼɳס˺ţ̫ŮӣƲɵ
ôܣŮݾ䣬æƣٶȺܿ죬Ǳ̫ķ籩ˣһӾͱɵʮ֮⡣
ǰŮУҶûô׻˰Ůӡ
Ҷ岢ûмŮӣɵߣ̫ѹ˷һŮȫ̫ˡ
ͬʱԶͳ佣Ҳ֣Ҷ˺ȵߣ
Ҷ˵ͷԶߣͬʱ佣һӣ֮죬ŮǶʱ衣
佣תҶȥķߡ
˺ܾãҶ˴ŵȥ֮ڣ˲˿
û뵽ѩ۾˾Ȼ;аˣ佣ɫء
ѩ塭ҶһЩ˰ŮӣӦþѩ塣
ѩ۾ȻѾûеôǿʢˣɲСû뵽ǾȻ;а֡ȻɫҲء
а̱ǿ󣬱Ƚ廹Ҫǿֵõ۾˺ѩ壬绢


355 ѪԨ
꣬۾ˡѩ塢սʤܵشòϢѾô꣬ˡ佣¶֮ɫ
ҲѹᵣǣȻ࣬ʮϰٸͷǳˡȻ޼½ϻ࣬嶼;аֵĻǺͲˡ
塢аĺս塢ħˡǿ˵ڱͱһ
Ȼ佣ɫ΢䣬ӻȡһöѶͷų貵Ĺâһ˵ӰҶǰС
ѪԨ˵仰֮ͻâʧ
϶ѪԨʲôˣߣ佣ƿշߣ͹Ȼ
аѾʼˣҶĿһҲƿշߡ

ѪԨλھѨ룬ףֱ罣ǱһġѪԨ֮·ӿѪζ쳣̱ǡ
˿̣Сνݡѩ˵ȵȰ˼ʥ¥ʥдĳϣѾѪԨϿա
а̵ѾȥˡͷѪԨڲϷӿѪ
꣬ѪԨĽѾ˺ܶ࣬ѹ־а̻ʱѪԨ˵
ô죿Ҳȥ𣿡νʵ
ҴһЩȥǴһЩ档˵
νݵ˵˵ͷ
ʱѾ½ִѪԨξ졢ѩ޵ºȻˡ
ͳ첻ֹξξ֮⣬ʮ˸ͳҲִѪԨЩͳ죬ԲѪʢ֮ǿ˲ֱӡ
ڣҶ佣Ҳˡ
ﵽ˵ʱзԸ֣ѩ֣ǴʮͳѪԨ棬һа̵˳ɱۣ
νݵ˵˵ͷ
еʮͳͳǸԴʮųѪԨȥ
Ҷ塢졢Ȼѩˡ̡佣Ž˱佣ѡУҲе˷ѪԨ
ѪԨѪŨң˼Ҵ̱ǵѪζŻ
ԽѪԨȥѪԽŨͬʱһɾ˵ĽԨײԪȻԶնɱķ˷ʤ
˵ѪԨһǰĴһģԲŻһɲĽ⣡ȻҶ˵ǰĽ̫ǿֻؾҲҽ
ǰˡ佣ЦѪԨĽԽԽ꣬ҲܽѪԨֻ̫ѡڣѾʧˣǸ
Ҷɫһ䣬ĽȻô£˾Ǻηʥ
ʱкȻͣҲͣ
ϵܣʲôˣʵ
ĳҲС
а̹ãֱѪãɻãаãѪɱãѪɱа̵Ĵ󱦵֮һձ䡷ڴɱпǰŨŨѪڣǿȴûҾԺƽ֮ĳǡ
ԣͬʱɫ䡣
ĪǸѪɱõˣҶɨܡ
ɱ֮ͻȻţ˷ʤѾʧȥȻδɱǣеЦ
û˻شеĻ
ɫ΢䣬Ѫɱõ˵ڲڣ
ѵҪĳ˰Ǿ𣿡Ц
ؼǳѪɱõƺĲڡ
ѵѪɱõ˲ڣ֮˵ղǷֻΪ̽Ѫɱõ˵ڲڶѣҶһ
ȻѪд˻Ƶձ䡷ʥĴ󱦵֮һ
ȻûΪ֪ڸһЦ
ɫһ䣬ȻѪɱõɱ֡
ܿǸˣ㲢Ǹˡɱ˵
˵ǼҡĿһ
ûϧǸѾˡɱЦ
ңҶɫ䣬뵽һˡ
֪ʵ֪Ҿڸղֻ̽ѡɱЦ֪֪̽ΪʲôҪ˵
ŶΪʲôЦ
Ϊ֪ҾڸΣɱˣ˭ܵңɱЦ
ȸĳɫһɱҲ̫ˡ
֪ҲţԶˣʱ򣬾ɱ֮ʱ¸¡ɱֵЦԶȥ
ЦͷųҶΪߵȫ
ߣ
˼ѪԨײȥ
ûɳԶһ½ҳϵǰһ⣬һŽɫߵɱƾճ֣һ½ҳϵüģһʵ̫죬쵽˶ûзӦɱֵĽѾ½ҳϵüġ
߱ŭֹɱ֣ն
¡˵Ĺ֮ϣը쳹죬ɱѾʧ
½ҳϱɱɱִݶߣǰ󲻹һգ۵ʱѣ˷˼
ɱ󾳸֣רѡ֮µ˴ɱǷʤ
˿ʼ־һ˭
֮µȫҵг
ЩæǿɲҼ棬Ǵ
ٺ٣˵ɱˣ˭ҲֹˡɱֵĹЦ֪ӺδƮ
û´ĻѪԨ϶ʲôرҲǧټֹȥһЦ
ǾԺˣѪԨ֮ûб᲻֪ɱһЦ
ĳֻ֪ѪԨǱһģѪԨ澿ʲôĳȷʵ֪˵
󾳸Ҳ֪ԴӾѨܶ˶̽ѪԨѪԨĽ̫ǿԲû˳ɹߵѪԨײû֪ѪԨײЩʲô
ѪԨʲôò˶ͻ֪ˣϧǸʱ򣬶ѾҾаˡɱһЦԶȥƺԶȥˡ
ߣ
ѪԨײȥ
ˮɣ֪ѪԨʲô𣿡Ҷ崫ħˮɡ
Ҳ֪ħˮɴ
ѪԨ澿ʲôҶüͷ


356 Ѫ֮
Ҷһ;Уɱֳ˼Σǲûндɱ
Ϊɱֲʱ򣬵ǰһ⣬ɱƾճ֣һ˵ĺһնΪ֮ŤԪɫ䡣
һǡձ䡷е˲ɱգγԪ絶Уѵ˶
ˣͬʱָţʮźɫҩ
䡭ҩըɸߵỤ̃ನɨ˷պ¡¡𶯲ֹ
Ҷͫһáĵҩ
ҩƻʵ̫ˣȻߵȫһ
ٺ٣ǵɱֵЦԶѪдȻղŵıըû˵ߵٶʵھˡ
ɱϷ㻹ʸ񡭡һ
ٺ٣ɱ㣬һһɱˣ˶ǡɱֵЦԶȥ
ĳϼͬʱЦһ
Сģġ˵
˵˵ͷֳѪԨײȥ
;Уɱֲûг֣ȴ⡣
Ȼһʥڳǰһ⣬ɱַϮʥڵĳɫ䣬æˣ
ۿɱֵĽʥڵһЦ֪Ӻδ͵컻գ
ವһɱеѪɫƾʧ
ˣɱŭһæˣƾʧ
ɱֳ֣ٵɱֵĽߣһжڵʯ֮䣬ܶ˶ûзӦ
ˣĳͬʱɫ䣬˭Ҳû뵽ʥڳ˾Ȼǰ˴ܡ
ٺ٣ʥڵƥҿɲΪ˾㣬ֻΪɱֵıѡ˵Цص˶ߡ
ߣһɱ˵Ϸ򣬼㲻֣ϷҲܶĽʥڵĳһ
Ǻǣƥ㴵ţıµһģҸʰ·硣һЦ
ʥڵĳŭȡ
ȥѪԨˣɱҵĻҪһЩ˵Զȥ
ߣʥڵĳһ
һﻹǻ¡Ҷ岻ݸ
ߣ
ٴδѪԨȥ
ǲû⵽ɱֵĴɱ˳ѪԨײ
ѪԨײȻһ޴ѪأѪвɳĽѪԱʮߣϢǿκһȵȻǿߡ
ʮǿ֮ʮߺٸԪߡȻǶǾа̵ˣʮӦǾа̵ĳϡ
˿̣ʮߣÿжץһһ˩֮ϡ֮Ϸ˸â䡣ͬʱȻһӰѪζţʹѪزϷӿ
Ѫжĳͬʱɫ䡣
а̵ѪԨӦþΪѪĶҶĿһ
ٺ٣У̫ˡһߺȻЦ
죬ڣ㲻ܴκζЦ
ٺ٣ѵ㲻֪ѪʲôЦ
ҲҪֻ֪Ҫֹˡ˵
һЦȻʵ֪ΪʲôѪԨ
Ī֪ԭ򣿡̲סڡ
Ϸȷʵ֪ЦʮǰһԶаնɱڴˣѪѪԨ
˶ݣȻɱԶа
ԶаԶһ֣˵ǿһ֣Զа峤ɣһ½һצ˺Ѵء
ǿѪ𣿡˵ʮǰﹲһÿʧһа֮Ѫͻһ֣Ѿȥʮ꣬а֮ѪѾ챻ľˡ
Īǣʧʱа֮ѪҲʧɫһ䡣
ȻǣΪٵа֮ѪͲʧˡһЦ
ٵɫһ䡣
ٺ٣а֮ѪѾǣһǰٵѪ֮ػɣ
˵ţȻ͵һͬʱҧָдһѪɫ֣ѪɫУ֮Ѫҫ֮
ͬʱʮҲͬ¡
һһɿֲ˳ڣѷ³Ѫ
ҶͫһѣȻӵ˿µܡ
䣡
ŷٴδ߶һѪɫ뽣Ȼ籩ϯ˷˼æˣͬʱа̵ĵҲæˡ
¡ѪؽǧɸߵѪˣѪУһɳĺӰ֡
ڣѪɢһɳѪɫϿգ嫡
Ѫ֮飡
̧ͷѪɫɫԱ䡣
ץסѪ֮飡ȻȣȳѪ֮飬ʮ߽
ץסѪ֮飡Ҳ˹ȥ˽
𡭡Ѫ֮ѪԨϷȥ
ԲѪ֮ˣǿȫ׷ȥ
ҶҲѪԨϷȥ
Ȼ˩סѪ֮ĺȣа̵ĳҲ׷׼Ѫ֮ϡ
Ѫ֮͵һͼѷˣȴûгɹ
һĻҶɫ΢䣬룺Ѫ֮ʵƺǿҲ൱󾳴ԲѵΪʮ꣬ˣ
ȻѪ֮ſѪѪŷʮȥ
ʮһץסһֵּѪ֮Ĺ¡¡ײ쳹
Ѫ֮鹥ʱе˺Ȼֹˣ
ɫ䣬ֻɿֵе˵ĹһɿѪ֮ͳѪԨϷٷȥ
еֹͣŮˣȻȥ׷Ѫ֮顣
ߣ佣ͳҶҲ׷ȥ
ܿ죬Ѫ֮ɳѪԨ
ѪԨϿգνݵ˿һѪɫ˳һǷ׷׳Ѫɫȥ
ͬʱС졢ҶҲѪԨɳ
ʱѪ֮鱻кνݵ˶½޴ӡ
ϵܣԲþа̵˰Ѫ֮ץߣгνݵ˺ȵ
νݵ˵˵ͷ
еռţǸѪ֮ᱻץߡ
㻹𣿡Ȼ̧ͷŸ߿е㣬ȵ
֣ǿû˵֡
ЦУһȺ˴зɳΪ֮۾ѩ֮ѩŮѩŮ֮⣬⻹ĸ󾳵۾˺ĸ󾳵ѩˡ
Щˣеɫһ䡣


357 㱼
ǵסǣѪ֮齻ǣѩŮ˵
ĺˣѣס׾٣һЦȳ֣һνݵˣա
ͬʱĸ۾ˣԼѩŮҲ׷׳ֹеˡ
䡭
һʱ䣬쳹졣
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ȻѪ֮ǰƾոķģУһ߳
ˣ߳ˣҶɫһ䡣
⣡һЦߵķĺȻһѹѪ֮顣
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ӡѪ֮˼ǬǬȻȻǬѪ֮ץߡ
ߣЦһȭˣɫ籩ϯ˶ȥ
ɫһ䣬ֻǬˣܷĹ
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ݵʧ󣬷ȳѪ֮˹ȥеϷӦҲѪ֮ȥϾѪ֮ģ̺Ѫ࣡
ȻҲв˳Ѫ֮ͷ­ȥЩǲʦ޵͡佣ξȵߡ
ʦѪ֮ͷ­һЩȳ嵽Ѫ֮ͷ­ԱߣֻǬǬȻ󣬳Ѫ֮ͷ­ȥ
ۿʦ֣Ȼ˿ڣ͵컻գ
ವһʦϵ·ȫʧһ߰׻ǰ
˶һ㶣
ʦУȻҪλû˵ĵطȥ
Ů㣬·ȵң
СǬȡһ·׷ȥ
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ҪңʦС
Ů㣬ȵҡС׷Ȼ׷ᡣ
㣬Ҫң
Ů㣬ҵ·ܺģ

Ů㣬ƨɱӵĻҪԲ
Ҫɱ㣡

ŽʧߵĲʦˣĿɿڴ
֮ʣ͵߲ʦ·ֽе͵컻գ
ĿһѪ֮ͷ­Ѿʧ
˭˱ŭ
ξɫһ䣬Ҷڷȥ
Ҳ׷׿Ҷˡ
͵컻ա͵߽ıġ佣һ
Ѷξ
֣ȷ𣿡һʥڵʵ
ǴͷξҶ壬ǳ϶˵
ԣ˶Ҷ塣
СֵܣѶҿ㽻һʵİЦ
ʥڵˣѩһѡΣ˻˵ѾڣȻҶ塣
Ҷɫ䣬ʥڵΣѪ֮ͷ­ԼģƾʲôҪȥ
СֵܣôԸ⽻𣿡ѩЦ
˼ûȤҶ嵭
ѩһĨɱ
ʶôξһ
ͳ죬ֻѹ𣿡Ҷ弥Ц
Ҷֵܷģģ˭ұ㽻佣һӦ佣һЦ
ûҲӦ༸佣ıȽϽͳ죬ҲЦŵ˵ͷ
ξѩͬʱЦ


358 ɾ
һξһȻЦѪ֮ӦϽϻᣡ
߲ǳϻᣬҲӳϻ
˵ûѨΪΧ˾а̣Ѫ֮սƷȷʵӦϽɸϻᣬ˭Ҳ̡ܶξһЦ
Ѫ֮齻ɣһѪ֮ϽɸϻġѩҶ壬Ц
ԣѩ޵˶¶ЦݣõѪ֮ΣͷҪȥ
ͳ죬𣿡Ҷ忴佣Цʵ
û˵õĶҪϽɳϻᡣ佣һЦ
Ҷ忴ξˣѪ֮ҵģҲϽɸϻᡣ
ߣΪѶϽɸϻ쾭£ξЦ
ĻѶϻ𣿡Ҷ巴ʡ
Ȼᣡξԥ˵
ϧҲ㣬ҲϲöȥֺóϻᡣҶ弥Ц
ξЦ
ô˵𣿡Ҷ弥Ц
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δ䣬ξѪһҶȥɱ졣
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̫Ѿˣûս̫ӣΪһսѡʵʵȵֺѩ֣½ڤЦ
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佣һĻһҲڳ᲻֪ʱʲô̫ѹûˡ
Ҷʵʱ򣬲ԶȻ¡һ졣
뿴˹ȥѪֶ֮ϳأһеУһ˷С
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תߣɾʱ
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ѪԨԨ֮ڵѪϷӿֱƲ񷡣
ɫһ䣬æѪԨϷߣⱻӿѪ
¡¡
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˾㤣׷ʲôˣ
ȻѪԨͷųֲѹٻԪߵѹڵء
Ҷɫ䣬ֵѹȻûѹ棬ȴҲĪѹ
ؼѹԽԽأڣѪԨ̽һž޴ޱȵͷӴأ䣬
⡭ǡ˺Ȼ
Ѫ֮飡˶ྪ˵
˸ղѪ֮飬ȻһѪ֮飡
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ʮɡʮɡɡһǧɡ
˾ĿУһ೤ľѪԨУӴأֶĤݵĳ嶯
ֲϯ˷ľ
֮ʣɾȻͷſڣѪѪ٣кء
ӣ
˺Ȼʧɫæɢӡ
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ҶüһһΰƴСĻƽųУͨʥͼһغõͨţ
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ͬʱ˸Լ౦ߡ
˸ߣѪʹ¡¡һ˴֮ϣϵֲȫ촷ۡ


359 ս
ת˲֮䣬·ԲǧɵĴѾһƬޣݲ
ǧ֮⣬ֹͨͣ쳤ȻСҶüġ
𾪲ѣû뵽ҶϾȻֱ
ξҲӳˣҶ峯Զȥξ˻ţûбѪû
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ȻһЦ쳹ؼ䣺ٺ٣û뵽ôȥˣԶаôµ
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˵һ˥㣬ŵӦܲһ֡
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ЦצȻųѪ⣬ȫ飬촷ۡ
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󡭡
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Цصؼ䣬ֻ乭ľץС

ľ˹˷ԪѸϯǧɳ
޺۹ӣҶɫһ䣬¥ʥֻ޺۹ʹ˿ֲ󷨡
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Ҳң
ЦſѪѪһ߼̤Ķš⡱ײȥ
߼ʨү͹ĸ˵ʥͼд
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Ȼϵãа߼ѹ˺֣ܶү˵
Ⲣ߼ֻаñѪݻġʨүֵ
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ಡ
ھѩʱʬ˺Ȼ˾֮ϡͬʱѻ˽ӡ˺ߺԪֻ޴ѻͺߡ
ͷһĻ޽նɱһֻѻͬʱ߳һֻѻһǲӡ
䣡䣡ֻѻȻ顣
ʱľѾʬϵߡ
ͺɫһ䡣


360 
ʬ˰ѱľϵߵʱ꣬ϵĺȻ飬󣬾ŤͷʬһѪѪ߼ײʬˡ
ʬɫ䣬æˣͬʱһӣһɫƳס߼һ߼ײʬϣʬײɵ֮⡣
Ҷ˿һĻа̵ʮھǰȻ˲һ
ʵֻؾߣֻ̫ǿԲŻԵʬ˲һ
ʥ޷նɱԶа
ʬ˱߼ײɵɲǣһЦ֪Ӻδ
ĿĹˣûпκˡ
ĪֻؾϹˣȻһ䡣
Ŀһղ˵ˣǺʬһĸ֡
ôȥˣѾǵ㣬ʱѾȥˡ
صʬߣƾոֳƺƵĺɢȥһʮں֮ϣڵɨأȻضΪ֮һ
Ҷ˽ӴĿ˲䣬·𿴵ޱ޼ʵʬޱ޼ʵѪ
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ĳ˱Ͼ¥ʥȻǰѪ֮ץߡдˬʵЦ
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Ӧתֵ˸Ĺ޺۹ӣ߲˶Զ׷
ͷһİͺ߹סһƾʧ
ʬ˺ѻһЦתһշͬʱա
ת˲֮䣬ֻؾȫʧ

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Ҷͬʱɫ䣬ûаɳǿֻѣ󲿷ǿ߻ûг֣Щ˳ֵĻôδܱסѪ֮顣
ٺ٣˵ˣаλϲ֣ҲУΪ۾һѩ峤Ҳ֡
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ӱԵǣǽξȻ˵һϢһ·ӵ֪йѪ֮ϢԾʹӦһЦȻʹ࣬۾һسŵԣֻǴÿһˣûʮ£ǻָġ
˵Ǻгݺǣ𣿡ҶЦ
ŲνǶҰɱ֮һϰңûѪ֮ͷ­ʱȻ֪ˡһЦҶˡ
ȵȣҶȻȡ
࣬㻹˵ʲôͣҶˡ
Ҷû˵Ǵˣû
УȻ
ҲУѩҲ
Ӹң죡
Ҷ崫ɲǣüĺȻͷų⣬ͨŷɳ
ͬʱѩ˺͹ȻһƵӸҶ壡
ҶסһͨţͨͷųյԪͨȻҶˣһ쳤Զȥ
һжڵʯ֮䣬Ҷ˱ͨŷɳȥɲǣѩŮŷӦ
ŭӱһ˳ìһì˳ȥ
ìƿգ˺ѿ˲׷Ҷˡ
ɢҶȣͨţ˳˷ߡ
ͬʱͨŻһ⣬ҶС
ͨҶеһɲǣìգԶĴϣһ죬ϯ˷֮ݲ


361 ⣡
ìڴϵ˲䣬ѩŮѾҶ˷˹
Ҷһҧ˵Ѫ֮ϣбµĻǾ͹
˵ţҶٴ߶ͨţͨȻ쳤Ҷǧ֮⡣
ߣһǵ׷ȥѩŮ񶯱ѩҲ׷ȥ
ҶϵѪ֮ȻȲ޺۹ӵĴѪ֮飬ҲǱõѪ֮飬ֻһͷ­ҲлѪ֮Ͽʳط
ѩŮ׷Ҷȥѩ˺ͬʱɫ䡣
Ȼ鴫Ѷ֪ͨɢ¥ĳϣźһ׷ȥ

ǰҶµͨСͨꡣ
ѾûˣֻԪʯˣҶĿһǬȡԪʯͨգͨڲСƶٶҲټ
漴ҶȡħħкܶɫĺǺëЩǺëǱʨүɱĽµġʨүѽϵˣֻʣЩͷëˣЩƱĺòϡ
¥֮
Ҷ巭ƣէƴС¥֮С
¥֮ܵ˽ǺͽëԶɵħڣʼںϽǺë
࣬û뵽ϾȻƷ
Ȼĺ󷽴
ֻǻԪڶѣ߶ƷԪʯʱҿô죡ѩŮЦҲ
ôĪҪͨţҶͷǧ֮ѩŮ󣬵Ц
ԭͨšͨźѪ֮齻ǻһѩŮЦ
ֻͨһѪ֮Ҳֻһҽ˭ҶһЦ
СӣֻҪѶУηͲˡЦ
ǰѶأǽλˣҶ忴ѩŮЦ
࣬Ѫ֮齻ͨŽˡѩŮЦ
ҶĿһһﲻ֪ô꣬ǣǲܵġ
࣬㿼ǵôˣٲشǣץסʱֻ·һˡѩŮЦ
Ҷ˵ͨȻ̣ձֻаƴС
࣬ѾûشˣЦ
Ҷɫһ䣬ħ¥֮δɱɹܽ¥֮ߡѩŮѾֻܰѷħǬһ·ԭʼС
ߣߣһ̤УĸӺܸߣվ棬ʹһߡ
磬СȥץסҪһЩ
ѩŮЦһû۾ô޴壬νǳͨ衣
ߣˣһ
ѩŮʱ
Ҷ弲Уͣ
Ҳ֪˶ãһӰȻǰѩŮ
ѩŮƯڰУ񶯣Ҳܸ߹ϱİɫȻĶ
࣬Ѷˣ鷳ʹˡѩŮЦ
ҲأҶ̧ͷֱѩŮ
ѩŮЦȻһˣҶԸ˵ֶȴ̣òҪҵĻ
ֻܰѶˡҶЦ
ֻһѡ񡣡ѩŮһЦ
ҶƣͨžУ硣
û϶ƷѩŮϲץͨš
ۿͨżѩŮУҶ֮ϺȻͷų֮֮ͬڶ𣬰ѩŮư
ѩŮҽУæ˻ȥѾʴֻʣɭɭ׹ǡ
ˢҶһֻּ󽣣˷Ԫȫա
ʮ
߳Ĵ󽣣ѩŮü˹ȥδѾѩŮ֣ѩŮİ׷ʱ紵õƮ
һҶǿһҲס
ϧѩŮߣ󾳣
ۿնɱѩŮһˣ˲˵˰ɿ⣬󽣶ʱնա
ϧҶа̾еĴȻСջһâʧġ
ԶѩŮԼƣ¶ʹ֮ɫǿҵɱ
˫֡ѩŮ̧ͷҶ壬Цû뵽Ȼӵ˫֣
˵ʱѩŮԭֻʣ°׹ǵ֮ϣȻһԽԽ࣬գѩγһֻơ
նһƣұɱ㣬ǡѩŮЦû뵽Ȼӵ˫֣ѩ峤Ѿ˵һ˥ļޣҪǿѹƣ˵ڶ˥͵ˡ˥һαһο£峤˵ɹ˵ڶ˥Ļֻһɣ
˥ÿʧܣԪ֮ϵᱻ׶ϾֻܿȻʧȥ䣬Ϊߣ仹ǻָѩŮҶ壬Цӵ˫֣츳ˣÿ峤ᣡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ħˮҪ¶󽣵ֺɵֵԭˡһЩֻؾϹ֪ӵ˫ֻ֣֣ЩֻؾϹ־Բ׷Ź
벻ЩֻؾϹֵϣӵǿʦԺ;Ժǵĵӣ˸Ҷ
峤˵ڶ˥ʧˣѡ
ѩŮһЦһһҶȥһ᷸ҶѾûκλᡣ
ԸħˮɵȻľд
Ķ֣Ҷ崫
ȫסû⣡ħˮɴ
УȫȥҶ䴫
ģħˮһЦ
ವһľԶҶ屳ĽʷɳѩŮȥҩ磬˱ǡ
ѩŮ΢䣬ݵľ֮һץָŷѩնɱ彣Ҷ塣
ľʮƬҶӣħˮҶΪ˳ȥ

Ҷڱ֮ϣϷ飬һʱ䣬춼ǰɫı
ľȻбҩҾͨıҩѩŮЦˣû뵽ҶϾȻô౦
걦ҩ˵һ
ѩŮһӣѩ죬ľԼľҶӶʱ
ѩ˷Ҷ˺ͱת˲֮䣬Բǧ֮ڵɭҲᣬһѩ硣
ѩ츳ǿƱѩӵбѩֺͱѩˣƱѩҲδرȵùǡѩŮЦ򱻶Ҷ塣


362 һҪ
ѩŮҶʱ򣬴غѩŮ̧ͷһֻҶ屳УһߴӰȻ۾ˡ
ѩŮĪѪ֮ƷѩŮҶ塣
磬С̣ѩŮЦ
áһЦץҶȥ
ȵȣѩŮȻе
ѩŮЦô᲻Ī㿴Сˣ
˵ЦˣֻʱѡѩŮЦ
ŶҺܺ棬ΪʲôɱһЦ
ֺαΪСãСʵвѵĿԡѩŮ̾
ҿԴӦ㲻ɱӦһЦϵıȫңܴѪ֮ʳʲô˵ġ
ѩŮһ䣬Ϊѵӡ
ѩŮΪʲôҪסСӵС࣬ѩŮܿ࡭ȻԭǻʲôѵϻʲôܣѩŮŲɱѩŮı飬һ
ãҴӦ㣡ѩŮڴӦ
⿪ɣڣ㻹𣿡Ц
ѩŮһӣҶϵĺڻˮľħˮҶϵĺҲڻˮ
ҩ󿴵ľҶƬɫ΢䡣
磬ϵıﶼˣ걦ҩӦ˰ɣѩŮһЦ
ǵȻЦ
ϧ˭Ҳûлˣ
ҶȻһЦħ¥֮ӷħз˳˿̵¥֮Ѿɱ䣬ƷƷ
Ȼ¥֮һҶüģŴҶ屳˳
ţҶ߶¥֮һɵľԱߣ÷ħסľȻٴδ߶¥֮һ⣬ȥ
ҶħٵҶľֵУһжڵʯ֮䣬ѩŮӦʱҶѾʧ
ǱѩŮͬʱɫ䣬ţ׷ȥ
ǰУҶƴ߶¥֮ͼ׷ѩŮ󣬿ϧ¥֮Ѿɱ䣬Ȼ޷ѩŮʮʱ䣬ѩŮͻ׷
Ϊʵ̫ˣӵƷҲ޷ǿߵ׷١
Ȼϯ֮־Աѩӣ糱ˮһ׷Ҷ岻š
ۿҶҪѩᣬҶϷУȻƾոֳģĻһֻɫ񣬸£צץҶ壬͵һɵ˸߿ա
ƽոץҶ壬Ҷ֮˲䱻ѩᡣ
ѩŮͬʱ̧ͷ߿գ߿УƽѾԶȥֻһɫӰ
ʦѩŮͬʱɫ䣬ƽѾҶߣǴʱ׷Ѿˡ

ǧ֮⣬ƽҶ帩£ֵУֵһɲǣƽɿצɿҶ壬Ҷʱ˵ϡ
ͬʱƽ⣬ķģһ˴ӷ߳Ҷǰˣɫɫ䣬û뵽˾ȻǶˡ
лǰݵĳԾҶæлѾǶ˵һξˣܸмҲܲ⡣
лңұġ˵
ңǰ֪˾ѨҶɫ΢䡣
½ȫ˾ѨҪ̽Ϣѡ˵
֪ǰʲôֻҪһȫԸҶɫ
̫󷨹ңû˵ҶʲôһָҶ壬Ԫ𶯡
Ҷüһͷųͷ죬ݻ̫ѹ˵ָһ̫󱻶һָ飬һƯڰС
꣬˺ܶ࡭룬ӦѾɱΡ˻ڡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ʦͣΪ֮ʱԶԶȲ㣬ܺãܺá˺ο
Ҷ岻⣬׶ΪʲôôΪ
ɱԺһ㣬ʱϣӦһҪ󡣡˵
ֻҪһȫԸҶɫ
ϷţһṼϷ
˵ʱߵķѾɢȥʱѾʧ
ҸʲôҶ
̫ʱ򣬻Ϊĳ¡ħˮ˵
ȥʲôνϾȹΡҶֵҲ֪ϵôˣҰӦò²Ŷԡ
ǻ᲻Ҳ㣬᲻ȥǣħˮɺȻ˵
Ҷɫ΢䣬ֿܣڱҵǣȻ뿪Ѩ
˵ţҶľľϣ
ʱˡֵʱĿľϣʼǧĵ䡷Ѿɱ䣬ԽǿԽڣҲѾ´ˡ

ҶȥѰ˵ʱҲѰ
ѨĳУѩ˺Ҷ壬Ѿ˺ܾãȴȻûзҶӰ
ҶƷӦò¡
û߶ƷȻɫǵ˵
һûл֮ǰԲѩ˵
˾˵ҶǾ϶µģ̿˵
͹Ȼ̾ǸҶʲô
صɱѩ˵ɫȻһ䣬ǰȥӵɱ¾ɱرС
Ȼ֪ѩӵɱ¾ԲӦս׼
ǰУһĸߴĴ󺺻߳󺺱žųߴ󵶡
޵ͣȻͬʱɫ䡣
ѩĿһ
ղ˵Ҷ塭ںδ޵ͻڣͳ
֪Ҷʲô£ȻЦ
Ҳʶұҵ޵ͻڡ
Ŷˣ¼ȻʶҶ磬ΪʲôҪɣȻһЦ
ѩ˺Ҷǳ֣ΪʲôҪҶ壿
Ҳ̫ϲش˵⡣޵ͿŹȻһ飬Ҷ徿ʲôط
Ȼɫ΢䣬޵Ҷ壬ûʲôģ˵ǲ֪Ҷʲôط֪Ҳ˵


363 ޵
»ȥʱ˰ɣҲ֪ҶֱӾ޵͡
ҳ˲ϲش˵⣬ϲ˾ܾ޵俪ڡ
ǲ˼ˣϲܾˡһЦ
ң޵;ȻЦˡ
ΪҲЦˡ
Һ޵Ц
ȷʵЦ
ϧϾͻʧ
ʧָո˵޵Ѿľųߴ󵶣һն죡
һնؼʱһƬɱӾųߴ֮ɢ𶯰˷
һ˵죬ڵҲδܵס
ۿ켴һն룬޵;ȻȻı䵶ƣųߴһתž޵͵նɱȥ
߾Ȼһɱɱѩˣ
ۿ޵͵ľųߴնɱѩ˼æýֵǰˡѩ˻ˣųߴת˲նĽϣĽ˲ϳء
ţųߴ󵶳ѩ˵նȥѩһء
ѩ˵ƺȻǣɱ¾ȻŶγһƬĺɫ򣬼˾ųߴ󵶵ٶȡ˾ųߴ󵶵ٶȺѩ˺Ƽɣնյıܿ˾ųߴ󵶵Ĺ
ԪԲţ޵͵֮ɫû뵽¥ʥˣȻڻԪԲʱš
Σ޵Ҫɱˣ˭Ҳֹˡ
δ䣬޵Ѿתһ죬䷽Բɡ
ˣ˾ƺ«ƺ«Ȼһɫɽһųߴնھƺ«֮ϣƺ«һ졣
ߺ˱ֽסƺ«סƺ«ɲǣƺ«ŵײ˴ϣ֮Ѿʮײ
ڣٴײһֹ֮ͣˣı·ȻѾ飬ƤҲ˺ѣ󱳶Ѫɫ
۵һ³һѪڵء
磡Ȼݾ䣬æ˹ȥѼڵصס
Ļδ˵ͻ赹˹ȻС
ȻæȡҩιС
ʱǾ޵תѩˣҶ徿ʲôط
֪ѩ˵ڡ
֪ġ޵ͺȻžųߴ󵶳ѩ˼ȥųߴڵϳһۣ֮ʯɽ
ѩٴͷųɱ¾ķԲʮڶʱһƬѪɫͷųɱ¾֮ѩһǬէѱһ
ѱȻƷ
ƷѩˣȫѪɫͷҲ಻⡣ѩ˼˫ɱ¾˷ϯ۳ɰ೤Ѫɫնɱ˾޵ͣ
ԪԲȻʹնɱߵϧҲҪ
޵͵ŵضųߴ󵶣һѪɫ֮ϡ
һ죬ѪɫȻ
޵ͼѩˣٴμųߴ󵶣ѩˡ
һֲޱȣض¡¡
ѩˣɱ¾ס˾ųߴ󵶣ּ˫ֵһųߴնɱ¾谭նѩ˵˫֮ϣѩƺһڵ㵹ɳȥ
䡭
ײʮѩ˵ϡ
ಣ̷ɵѩߣѩˣѩ˵ѾѪģȻѾǶС
ѩ磡ݲ԰ףæǶѩеĽγȻͷųˮסѩ˵ơ
ߡѩ˺Ȼץס̵֣õͳɳƵ˵һ仰漴ʹȥ
̵Ȼߣҧź촽Ϊѩˡ
ͬʱԶȻҲΪˡ
ʱ޵ͰѾųߴصĲ棬˵Ҷ徿ںδ
Ȼͬʱ̧׿ž޵ͣǰ˵㱾֪Ҳ㣡
ҲϲɱŮˡ޵ͻڡ
ʦҲŮˣ㻹ҪɱȻЦ
ϵ޷Υ޵͵
ϣȻ΢䣬֮ǰ˵¥ʥΪɱˣһǲʦ
һҶ壡޵˵
Ȼɫһ䣬޵Ͳ֪Ҷ˭ҶΣˡ
Ҷ徿ںδңҿԲɱǡ޵͵ҵޣÿǿһЩ
˭ɱҶģȻʵҲž޵ͣҲָ֪ʹ޵֮˭
ߣûȨʱģ޵͵ڣĮҹ°
һǿ𣿡ȻЦղܵˣǸľͣͬһսΪǵĶ˵ǿԸߵΪ۸Ϊ͵ˣ޻˵
ҵΪԼģǵΪˣϱûоԵĹƽҪƽͱ㹻ǿʵ޵һƴɱǴβʤǿ˭ָҹƽ
Ȼһ
һ飬Ҷ徿ںδ޵ʵ
֪ȻЦ㰮Ųţǲ֪
˵ҲϲɱŮˣǲҲɱ޵Ͱγ˲ڵϵľųߴ󵶡
Ȼһ䣬Ȼ̴ȻȽ㣬ᱧ磬ǧҪ֣
ԣȻã
ʱ޵ѾŹȻȥųߴ˲ƺǳѪ
ھ޵ųߴ󵶵ʱ̺Ȼƣһ龵ƬȻУȻ
Ƭͷų貵Ĺâ̺͹Ȼȫ
޵ɫһ䣬ٳɣһն£
¡ųߴնâն˵ϣ˲˺ѿһɳѷ졣
Ȼ̵˾Ȼˣ
޵ɫ䣬æ𣬷ɵϿգɨ˷Ȼʮ֮ͷų貵ĹâЦһȫٷ˹ȥ
ǰͷųâУâУ̺͹Ȼƾճ֣
ߣ
Ȼ̱ѩˣӶȥ
Ǹ߼ʱ䣬޵;ʹԭ֮
ߣ޵ߣٶ̫죬Ȼߣܡ
ʮʱ䣬޵;׷̺͹Ȼˡ
ˢ޵һնƿնֱƹȻ̶ȥ
Ȼ̷ֱܣ֮˹ȥһն˵ϣ汬ըѹȻɵʮ֮⣬׹ڵء
ʱѩ˴ӹȻ̵ı˦ڵϷ˼תͣ


364 ҽо޽
Ȼϵľʹѩߣѩ˱
һͲնڵˣǻûп𣿡޵Ͳƽ̺͹Ȼ
Ȼ˵ҶضھʲôطҲ
ضǾѨ˵ؾ֮һǳΣա
ƾΪôض޵Ц
һô޴Ļѻƭ𣿡Ȼ
޵ͳĬˣûȻ˵Ҷȥط˵Ҷȥض˵ҶȥضŶȷߡ
ڿ𣿡Ȼ
һߣڵĻһɱǣ޵
Ȼһ䣬ҶضȥҲҲ
޵ͿȻ˸񣬺ȻһԭҶ岻ضҲɱһˣĲ˵䡣
δ䣬޵ʹһ˹Ȼ
ȻЦˣͷ죬˫ۣˡ
ȻһЦȻ̶У֪Ҷʲôط
Ȼͬʱ˫ۣŷ֣޵͵ľųߴѾǰͷʮ硣
޵ûƿųߴ󵶣ƣĿԶֻԶվһˣһнɫĴӡ
ҶĴ磡
Ȼһ䣬ڽżʱӣԳҶĴ硣֪˸ҶĴ磬Ҷ壡
ԭҶ¹Ȼ˱ѩŮҵʼĴѰŹȻ˵䡣޵׷Ȼ̵ʱѾڸ֮ˡ
޵ɱ˹Ȼˣϸıò˳Ϊ޵ɱŸıò
˿̵Ҷ֮ǰò֮ͬ⣬ϢҲ˱仯ȻѾǻԪԲ
ѾͻƵ˵أֻҪԸ⣬ڵʱͻƵءغԪԲɹİѻɢԪ۳ɱɹͻƵ˻ԪԲ
ͻƵԪԲ֮Ҷʵ˲٣󷨣ĿԻߣȻֻڶѡ
ȻĻߣҲ֪ԲǾ޵͵Ķ֣Ϊ޵Ӧڡ
Ǻˣ޵ʵ
ҽо޽ͣҶһЦ
޽͡޵֣Һܲϲ
ŶΪʲôҶʵ
Ҳϲش˵⡣޵ڡ
ҶһЦʵ֪˭Ҷʲô
о޵ͣɱҶ磡̺Ȼڡ
޵ıһۡ
޵͡Ǻǣ֪ΪʲôϲҵˡҶЦ㲻ʵͦԵģо޵ͣҽо޽ֱͣһԡ
Ȼ̲ݸ
о޽Ƕҵ裡޵˵ѡ񣬵һϸڶҵĵ¡
ΪʲôңҶźףɻʵ
ΪߣûȨԼġ޵
Ҳ˵ҶһЦ¥֮Ȼ򲻹޵ͣȴ԰Ѿ޵ߡοд󽣵֣ʮսץסĻܸ޵һЩϲ
Ľأ޵ͰѾųߴ󵶴ӹȻͷƿõңָҶ壬˵ͳĻ
뿴ҵĽÿûǸʸ񣡡ҶһЦ
Ȥ޵Цˡ
ȤҶһ㶣漴Цܶ˶˵ҷȤ˵Ȥˣǵһ
һԪԲߣȻһΪԶԶԽˣǺȤ𣿡޵Ц
ôһ˵ҶԼȤˡҶЦˡ
ᣬῴȤ¡
δ䣬޵ͺȻһƿնѴն룬¡¡쳹졣
˳ԾǣϵҶȻʧˡ
޵ٿתֱߵĴȥҶ岻֪ʱȻŴ֮ϡ
ÿٶȣȻͬʱɫ䡣
ҶҲһģһıҶıƺƷ˵ıƷȻԽԽŴҶĴ硣
Ҷ屳Ľɫ޵Ŀһڣ̡㱳ı𣿡
ǺǣƷУ¥֮ԿǰʮʧġҶһЦ
ܿͻʧġ޵ͺȻŵԾ֮һҶ壬汻һţȻݡ
ÿ죡ҶĿһæ߶¥֮һƵ֮⡣
Ҷ뿪˲䣬޵ǡڵңֻ޵̵Ľż̤ңٴʸһҶ壡
һﵽʲôˣ
޵ڵһҶɫһ䣬æ߶¥֮תƿշߡ
ߵ𣿡޵Цֱ͵һӣųߴ󵶣ųߴƿշɳҶȥ
̵һɲǣųߴ󵶾ͷɵҶ屳ɭĵҶ˶
Ҷ͵ҧ¼׷ųߴǡôͷ˹ȥ
һǹҶͷɨ˾޵һۣ漴߶¥֮һֵС
޵ͽסľųߴ󵶣һʯ㼱׹£֮УϵѪϯ˷Ƭľճɻҽ
Ҷͷž޵ͣͫһţξ佣ͳ죬ҲǾ޵͵Ķ֡
طȥǲŻᰲȫ
Ҷ߶¥֮ȥ
󷽣޵һ׷ȥٶʵ̫죬ԶԶȥͺһഩС
Ҷ;޵ߺ󣬹Ȼ˿
Ƚ㣬˵ҶĽݴ𣿡ʵ
ӦòΪʲôҪ־ǡȻԥһ²ſڡ
᲻Σգǽо޵͵ʵ̫ˡ¡
Ӧò£߶Ǽ֮ԺԲȡȻ
Ƚ㣬ܸоҶ񣬴˾˵һôı䣬ǾԲıģü
Ȼһ䡣
һҶٰġЩȷ˵
ȥʲôطȻԶҶ;޵ȥķȥ
Ǹ򡭡ƺضһ䡣
Ǿ֮ǹȥȻ
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365 һ
һٶȺÿ죬¥֮Ҳ˦Ҷͷź󷽼ľ޵ͣɫء
ȷʵ˦ɱ֮⣬Ѿûκѡ񡣡ħˮɺȻҶ塣
ڵΪϴ󽣵ֺɵҲĶ֣Ҷ˵
ǰ治Զضض֮ܰЩ֮գлšĻ֮ڣҪֵ֮ܵѹơħˮ˵
ˣҲĶ֡Ҷü֪Լ;޵֮Ĳж󣬼ͻƵţҲǾ޵͵Ķ֡
˻ңħˮɴ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ħˮ˵ľ԰ˣħˮɵʵѾָ˺ܶ࣬ߣħˮϣ˵ش޵͡
޵;Ǻ棬Ҹûջ֮ʱ䣡Ҷüͷ
㲻Ҳشħˮɷǳ϶Ĵ
ŶĪʲôð취𣿡Ҷ崫ʵ
˵ضڴоʮŸɱΧɱԵסԲԽɱԽǿɱֻؾԲĴҲɡħˮɴ
㲻ȻȥɱԸ޵ͰɣҶɫ䡣
Χɱ󣬰Ⱥ˳򣬷ֱһ̫׾󣬾ɷ󣬹ˮ󣬻ƽֻ󡣡ħˮɴɵֺͻֻҪȥƽֻ͹ˮ㶼Ա֮
أҶʵ
ˣľ棬ɱ˲ңħˮЦŴ
ãھȥһϣ޵Ϳҽȥһ󡭡׷ҶĿһһ෴ɻ֮ɵĻ֮޵͡
һڵľ޵ֵͣ棬һʵƱػۿۡԣһҶһ󣬾޵˵׷ɱҶ塣
ಣ
Ҷ峯ضڷ򼲳۶ȥ
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ÿµĻ棡
ҶɫЩأȻܿ£ǽһѾ޵͵Ψһһ취ջתɵ֣֮ס壬˽ȥ
޵ȻûϵҶУݵĳԾߵ棬ҲҪʬ壡
˵ţ޵תԪԪףȫһ׷Եؽ似Ԫ似ǳԪʹ֮޷̫á
ಣ޵ҲһС
޵͸ոսУ㿴һǺɫ˳һ߳ĺɫ޽һͷ­
ˣͷų֮סԼҶ壡
޽ͣ޵ɫһ䣬˼һ˳ȥ
һײ޵͵ŵŵź˺ѿ
޵δվȣȻʮƬҶӴԶֱĺüĵҪλ
رǣ޵ʹһһ˵֮ϣ¡һըȻӵ޵ǡñЩ롣

ħˮɵҶĵ֮ϣʱɡ
ʱҶæתɵ֣˷Ļȫɣ˻֮󲽳򱻵סľ޵ͣһնȥĴ֮Ż棬ڣߡ
䣡ն˵֮ϣ
ڣס޵͵ĵȫ޵ֳҶǰ
նɲǣ޵ͻȻһһҶĴ󽣡
һ죬ཻҶƺһϴķ֮ɣûһ֮С
Ҫֳһֵ棬ҲҵĶ֣
޵ͼЦžųߴ󵶳һС
ಡ
޵͸ոճУ˷ƬīɫҶӣ罣
аֽҲɣ޵ߣһɨ˷ҶƬ
ǿδأ˻Ҳ˵
޵ǰƾոֳģҶӷ߳һ޵͵ͷ­
ֽɱң޵ߣһڴϣһҶʱɵʮ֮⡣
ΣȻҪ޵ߣǵĳҶ壬һȻ޻Ҷȥ
Ҷ̧һģ֮۳ɴ֣˾޻ͷ­ϣ޻ͷ­ʱ֮ɡ֮ĴֻǱ񱩵ĵ˺ѣ˶ơ
ͬʱʧȥͷ­ľ޻Ѿ嵽Ҷǰ
Ҷһնھ޻ϣ޻һ˷ȥ
ߣһɣ޵ߣžųߴ󵶱Ҷ壬Ѫ쭣һͷޡ
Ҷͷųͷģİסһ˻
޵ߣͷųһɨܿ㷢˻Ҷ壬Ҷ˻档
ܿ죬޵;ڻҵҶ壬һųߴɱҶ塣
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Ҷ屻ɵɲǣľ˾޵磬ѪҺɽ
޵ץסľ治ɫЦ˻Ҫҵ
ˣľҲ޵ûץľľһɳ˾޵͵ơ
߶ɱңƾһССĻԪҲ䣿޵ͿҶ壬м
һ棬ұƣҶЦϵ֮Ȼǣͺһ
ܹɻĵ֣ܹľ޽бҩľ޵ʹҶ壬ЦЩ𣿡
Щ𣿡ҶһЦ
֮塭Ҽ˵츳ǿģҵҲ㡣޵ЦΪ̫ҲҵĶ֣ٺ٣ҵɱ㣬һ᲻ɱ㣬Ϊʵ뿴һ֮ɳֵز
֪˭ҶһЦ
֮һģ
޵ųߴ󵶣ңָҶ壬Цһܣ֮⣬˭Ҳ֪ҿ԰ܸ㡣
ŶʲôܣҶһЦ


366 ˴
һԳѪĻ˵Ǵ֮
޵һЦ񱩵ϢȻɢȻθߣ˻ɫë
ת˲֮䣬޵;ȻһֻߴʮɵĻɫԳֲѹ糱ˮϯ˷ΧĻ泯ŻԳϯȥԳſһʱ
Ҷͫһ
ڣƬ𺣵Уҿնɱ󾳳ڵߣ޵ͻĻԳһЦ
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ǰ׵׺ɱߣҶ弴ӵɵ֣һ׵жҲˡҶûѡ񣬾޵;ں棬ֻǰߡ
ħҶ嶢ŷħ߶¥֮굱У
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˷ħ֮ıҶ׵С
󷽣޵Ҳ굱Уͷųֵ׵磬Ҳ׵С

ʱҶ崩ǰĸɱƽֻ֮ǰ
ҶǰɫâеЩʲô
ٽȥˣһƽֻԶҲزˣħˮɴ
ΪʲôҶʵ
˵һƽֻ󣬾ͻᱻ͵ʮĸɱУʮĸɱһֻأͨʮĸɱеĵһҲеڶĸջֻصУֱɱɱܵõѡħˮɫ
Ҷɫһ䣬ѵûܹƽ𣿡
ûУֻؾϹҲƽⲻˡħˮ˵
Ѿû·ˡҶҧȥҲҲȥһ
ǿδأʨүǰæħˮ˵
ٺ٣ҪҰҲУصܣõԿף⿪ҵķӡСֻʸǣǾԲְ㣬ʥµʨүЦȻʥͼ
ʨү˵ġԿסֹԴʨүķӡܰʨү߳ʥͼûԿףֻԶӡԶ޷߳ʥͼ
ĸħŮȻûӡȴ޷߳ʥͼ
ȻҶ崳˵һ죬ǵһ鲢ûԿסҪùĸħŮ֣Ҷܵڶ飬Կףĸ˲߳ʥͼ
ңҶܴڶ죬ڶعҲΪáϧҶѾûлᴳˣ޵ѾԶ
޵ͣҶһҧʥͼʥͼСţҶ߶ʥͼʥͼɱ󡪡ƽֻ
Ҷʧڽɫâеɲǣ޵ǡøϵ
ǰĽ⣬޵ϧˣǸ㹻ʱĻĳɾͽ
䣬޵תȥһƽֻ󣬱ɣ

ʱ󣬾޵߳һѾͨ˵ӡ
޵͸ոմӻ߳㿴ˣĸǹȻ졢ѩˡ̣һ˾Ȼ佣
޽ʲôطȻž޵ͣ俪ڡ
޵ûлشȻ⣬佣ȥȻ˵Уֻ佣ʸõӡ
˭Ϊʲô׷ɱˣ佣ʵ
޵͵û˵ˡ
Ҷ屾ˣĪÿһˣҪ˵𣿡佣
ȻɱҶ壬ڻûҵ޵һЦ
磬Ǿ޽ӦþҶ磬ҾԲῴģɫ
һ޵һ漴Ц޽Ҷ壬ʡ鷳
ھ޵ͰԸ˵ʱ佣޽;ʲôط
˻ƽֻǿʬ嶼Ҳˡ޵͵ڡ
Ȼɫ䡣
ƽֻ󡭡佣֪̾ҶѾ׶༪١
췢ģһ죬һͷȥҶ֣쿴ž޵ͣ˵
ƾҲ䣿޵ͼЦڲɱ㣬ϣлҵͷ
ǧҪȱɱˣ
ѩ˿죬Ҫʧˣɱ֮ǰӦѾɱˡ
Ǿͱȱȿ˭ɱĿһ
ҴӦ㣬ɱ֮ǰһ֪ͨһѩ˵˵ͷ
ѩ˺Ļ޵һųߴ󵶣һѩ˺죬ݺᡣ
佣Ӱһסѩ˺ǰѪͷŶ糱ˮѹųߴ󵶡ųߴնѪ֮ϣ类һֻεĴס޷ն¡
޵ĿһѾųߴ̧Ժ
Ժ佣佣Ц
Ҷ屨𣿡޵üͳʵ
Ե޹ɱˣҵȻӲ佣Ц
ɱ𣿡޵ЦˣԼƽֻģҸûɱ
Ѿڣ˭֤佣Ц
˵öԣȻѾڣ˭֤ɱ޵Ц佣˹ȥ
վסһؾʥǣ佣תž޵ͣ˵
֮⣬Ҳϲκ˵İţ޵ͲĿ佣Ŀ䡣
磬ҪɱҶ磡ȻȻڡ
佣Ŀһž޵ͣʵ֪µ˭
λа˴֮һ޵Ц
ʲô佣ɫ䡣
ץҵĻܳ֡޵һЦ佣˹ȥ佣Ȼûг
ɻĿ佣
磬ΪʲôҪߣɻʵ
佣̾ɱҶˣ¥ʥû˵𡣡
ԣ͹Ȼɫ䡣
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˵ɫˣѹ佣ûֹ޵ȥ


367 
֪Ҷûȥʥǿһ֪ˡ
佣ûм˵˴£ɫҶâƽѾѪâƽ棬ֻҪĻƾͲѡ
ÿâƽӦһƣӦһˣƾԲ顣
ԣ˵˵ͷ
£һ˳ŷбžʥڷȥ
һԺڻصʥǣҵУľУϴǰŻ֮ء
Ǵ֮ǸĴƯһ򣬹ڵĶǻơһصߣߵΪȻ
д˽ƴ֮أҵҶĻƣҶĻƲû飡
˴ϲ
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ɫ΢䣬еĻƿȥƾȻŹ⣡
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һۣε̾˿ôȥʲôطѰ쾵
һ취þƷ̣ӦҲƲҶֵ
ʲôط˲Լͬʵ
쾵µģ˵Ϊ̣쾵Ż䡣˵ƷѾʧ˺ܶ꣬˭Ҳ֪ʲôط
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ʮ֮ǰƷ޺۹ãڣ̾ŋ־իɫ
ŋ־իɫ䡣
̻ᷴʹ֮ˣԣܼ޺۹ӣ޺۹ҲǴ߶̡ûϵΪ޷߶̵ģֵ
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ãȻˣɫΣҲҪȥһԡ
˵˵ͷ
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лǰ˸м
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Ҷ壡ξЦˣû뵽ƣȻһϢ
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˵СӽһɣȻѾˣǸҲûбҪˡξЦһɱҶ壬ɱҶ壬ֻôҶڳˡ

ξ֪Ҷ塰ѶʱкѾ뿪˾ʥǣŷбŋ־իȥŋ־ի;ʥ֮䲢ûţֻܳб
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ǰѾصʥǣԣ޺۹ҲӦûصŋ־ի˵
ǰѪ֮˭ץˣʵ
а̣̾
ɫ䣬޺۹ӶˣȻҲûץסѪ֮顣
峤;а֣޺۹ӱ֡ǣסˣѪ֮ջаﲢ֡Щε˵ԺʦԺܼʱϵѪ֮Ͳھаˡ
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תͷУԪЦʲô¾ֱ˵ɡ
ʵһãɫ
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οҶӵд֮ˣԲôɡ
˵ض֮ԶŴУҶûҶļֵʹˣһҶȳпܴҶϻԶŴл
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Ĳϵ˻ڣɳƶɭ
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˵䣬а̽Ѿһڷ磬ʧ˱֮ϡ
졭׺ʹҲ죬ͷĻ

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˲ЩţϾǼ˿Ĵ֮һǿӵĴڡϧʧǣǸŻԪŋһ䲼õŵķ䣬ھȻһҲûС
ΪʲôҪʹ̣޺۹ӵЦ֪Ӻδ뷿䡣
ǰһˣ˵
˶ǷǳҪ޺۹Ц
ǰǵѣ˻ƽֻ̲鿴һ˵
òˣƽֻ֮˾֮޺۹˵
ǰҶСֵӦûţΪĻƲûѣֻǺʧȥϵɫţ޺۹ӾԻҶȤģΪƽֻ˶ˣΨҶǸ⡣
ͻʧȥϵ
ȻеĻ޺۹ȷʵЩ⡣
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ܻܽˣȷʵ˲š޺۹һЦǸ˵ô࣬޷ҰóǡСӺҷ׷ǹʣΪʲôҪ
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ǰҲʦȻ˵Լ̫ǣǿˡ
ŋ־իȱʦȱ츳˵ʦ޺۹ЦСɻ
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ϲûоԵĺ˺;ԵĻˣھаҶǻˣСѾͷͬҳְ޺۹Ц
ǰֻҪϳ֣ʲô¶У˵
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Ҷ츳ȷʵԶԶǰʦǸǿѩ˵
㣡Ԫôӵۡ
Ŷ㵹˵츳Ϊʲôҵļͽܸǿ޺۹ӵЦȻ뷿䡣
Ҷйһսʱͨ˵ʮѩ˵ƽĻ࣬ǽȴġ˵
Ԫɫһ䣬û뵽ҶȻǿˣҲ˵Ҷ츳Խʦ֡
ˣĻӦûû˵ɣ޺۹Ц
ѩ˵˵ͷ˵֮⣬
ʲô˶һ𾪡
͹ȻҶӵ˫ѾǳԾˣû뵽ҶȻӵ
ңʮ֮һѩ˵һ仰һΡ
Ǻ޺۹ӳĬƬ̺󿪿ʵ
ѩ˻ش
޺۹ӵص䡣
˼顭кͻԪþ޷ƽ
ȥҡ޺۹ӵٴδ뷿䡣
ԣ˴ϲ޺۹ڴӦˡ
Ԫȥ˵Ϸɡ
˵ţѾ뿪˷䣬˽
ߺ޺۹ӵٴλصڷڣҶ塭


369 ض
ŋ־իĳɳڣȻһɸߵļ̨̨ϿƯһɫ̣һΧ̷裬â䣬ȵԶ޵ӰƯڽɫϷ
صڣ̷ת
Ʒ̣˿ż̨Ͽյ̣һ𾪣Ʒǻǵһμ
ǺˣһƾǵΪֵסͷųѹԪ˵
˵˵ͷ˵˰֮⡣
ѪΪʮ
ԪҧָָһһελɫıѪ̣Ѫյɲǣ˲˼ꡣ
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̺ȻתһȦȦɫâصҶֲѹɢϢĸо
ԪȻɵ̨֮ϣְ֮ϣдʡĳ۱ͷųĹâƮ졣
ڣϳһɫ֡
졭
ĿȥϾȻдһ족֡
ţֺгһ֣ǣ
Ԫɫü԰ףƺڳĪʹࡣ
Ȼֳ֣ǣض
ضɫ䡣
ͻȻϵĸʧԪһѪɶһײʯ֮ϣˤڵء
֣мæȥ˻Ԫ
ǡ
ͬʱϿ֣
ܿҲʧˣֹͣתâҲ
͹Ȼһۣϳɻ֮ɫǲֵʲô˼
ԶкͻԪҲˡֻ֣ԪһϢղҿ֣ȥû뵽ȴ⵽˷ɣҪҼʱɿ̵Ļ¡
ɫһ䣬׷ʲô£
Ӧûûʼֵĸ־ڵĵطԪ˼ſڡ
ضɫ䡣
ûӦض棬벻ȻܻضԪɫ
Ȼûܽض˭ҲܰȳȻһ
Ҳûа취Ŀһͻؾʥһã
Ҳȥ˵
²˳٣Ͼߣɫ
£еȥŋ־իԪȥŋľ޺۹ӡ

е뿪ŋ־իʱҶʥͼڷ籩дУ
籩˺κƷǾƷȴ޷˺ʥͼʥͼڵҶǳȫ
ڣʥͼ˷籩һɫ磡طûľûֻһĴأؼɫ
ԭƽֻ󣬱͵ɱУʥͼڣԶһɱ󡣵ʮɱ󣬲ûɱɱʱûĹط
ҶʥͼзɳɨƬ磬ʹˣʲôط
ضħˮ˵
ضҶɫ䡣
Ĵ˵ܷʲôħˮЦ˵ضԶŴУҲ֪Ǽ١
ҶüڲѰԶŴеʱؼǣǸô뿪
뿪ĹؼԶŴҲ˵ħˮɰο
Ҷһħˮ˵û
뵽߶¥֮ضĴ
ضʵ̫Ҷ˺ܾҲûκζ
ڣʱض濴˲޵ĺǣ
ض沢û
Ҷȥϸźǡ
Ӧһ塭
Ҷ˵ţֿʼԶĺǣüȻԳһĺҲС
˵صĺʵָ̫࣬ЩǼǺܶǰµģȻżļµϢЩǰж¡
˭ɱЩޣҶüͷ
ЩǰضǷǳµĴڣɱǵľԲͨˡ
ΪʲôضΪʲôҪɱ¾ֻߣɱǵˡҶԽԽɻ
оضӦĳ־ܡ
ֻ޵ĺǶѡǰһ·̣Ȼĺǣ
ﲢ޵ĺǣ࡭ҶԽԽԽԽɻ
ЩƺѾȥ˺üǧ꣬꣬ˣҲǵĺиоһɷǳµЩ˾ʲôΪʲô˾ȻɱǣħˮҲ𾪡
Ǳ˭ɱģҸôġҶ˵
ǵΪ봳ضľʮŸɱӦòѡħˮɳ
˵¥ʥûܽضֻؾϹ֣ƽֻ֮ҲʧɱУɱɱѵ˵Щɱ˾ȻӵгԽֻؾΪҶ𾪡
ֻؾ֮ʲôΪҲħˮ˵Щɱ˺ӵֻؾϵΪɱǵӦøӿ¡
ˮɣ֪֪ضγɵģѪԨûʲôϵҶʵ
㲻Ѫ֮ΪʲôħˮЦ
ҶĿһûû˭Ѫ֮˽Ѩ£ҶǬаѪ֮ͷ­ץ˳
ͷҶѣ
ҶһĻùһЩ
ͷҶ壬ЦһĶҲҶԱ񣡡
׳գ
Ҷһͷص˵ϣһŲͷ֮ϣЦ˭ϣ
΢࣬߹ͷ­ͷŭ
㻹ûи״ڱ΢㣬ң
ҶЦصĲͷţͷҶС
ɶ񣬱࣬ȻϹͷ­ҿǻˣͷŭȡ
ҶûͷֺݺݵĲ˼ţͷУֻ¶һžǽӡ
࣬㲻úԲͷģͷ
ҶûвˣȻյĽ
ͷֲԤС
ٷϻĻҾ򣡡ҶЦˣİ˵ƺЩߡ
ҶĻͷĭƺ֪ˡ


370 ʥĴ˵
࣬㵽ʲôͷŭҶ塣
Ҷ岻ٽͷͷЦѪԨضھѨѪ֮飬Ӧ֪ѪԨضôγɵİɣ
ͷ˱ҶŲ鲻Ը˵ѪԨӡҵѪضҵĻ꣡
ӡ꣡Ҷɫ䡣
׾ֶԸңҰˡͷ̾
Ҷɫһ䣬Ѫ֮鵱ضǿޱȣܻˣǳǿߣ
ߣҪֵĻϣᱻǷӡͷߡ
׾ʲôˣΪʲôҪӡ㣬ĪǣҶʵ
࣬ĪǸҿЦɣȻʶ׾ͷЦҶ˵Ļ
ҶһŲͷ֮ϣߵ֪˭𣿡
㡭ֲ࣬ȱͷŭ
ٷϻĻҲٲһţҶЦ
ģһ챾ʬΣͷŭȡ
룡ҶߣһŲͷ֮ϣͷ۵۴С
㲻úͷС
Ҷֲȡ

ͣͣ
ڣͷˡ
׾﾿˭ҶЦʵ
׾ʮǰ϶㲻ʶ֡ͷ˵
ʮǰҶɫ䡣
ʮǰ׾죬ڣԬ룬ʥΪ弫ʥͷɫ
弫ʥʥҶɫ䣬û˵ʥȴϤˣʥͼ˾ʥ
弫ʥУǿ֮˵ʥΪмʥͷɫмʥ֮⣬ʥֱΪ޵дʥʮǰ޼½ûκĶ֣ʥҲУ
Ҷ𾪣û뵽ʥȻǿ
Ǹʱʥǿǿơ޵еĴʣС޵УԺͬ޵Уͷ˵¶֮ɫ
ţͷֵʥ֮⣬༸ʥҲǿ׾챻Ϊϼɱ¾ʥﱻΪʥԬ뱻Ϊ񻢴ʥڱΪʥ
УʥڻҪĴʥ֮ǰдʥǰΪʷһĴʥԬȴʥսʮ˳δʤΪʷٶ֮ˣӵ˫Ǹţ˳Žʥ󾳲ŵһȱΪǷνǴɣ׾һɱ¾أųɱ¾ʥںСʱֱϣ˶ΪѾûκǰ;ȴûзԾ˵ʣ˵ٶȣϣɱˣʥΪʷ޵Ĵʥ
弫ʥӦ˽˰ɣͷһ䡣
ʥǵΪӦòɣҶʵ
Ҳ֪ұǷӡʱǲû΢٣ͷҺ֣ǵ㲻Ӧû˵ǡ
ȷʵû˵ǡҶü
Ȼû˵ǣǣӦ˵ʦԺ;Ժɣͷʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ʮǰʥʦԺԺͷɫʥǾԺԺ
Ҷɫһ䣬ʦԺ;ԺȻʮǰʹˡ
ǿɣԺ֮⣬׾ڵںԬڵţΪĸɵĴڣ֮ϡͷ̾˵ֻҪʥ˻ڣûгͷ֮ա
ȻôǿΪʲôҪȥǣҶʵ
ߣΪ𣿡ͷߵɱ;Ժţ֮;Ժ˾ʹƵҲò֣϶
ˣȻ׾˳󱻷ӡҶ˵
ʵ˵ĸӣȷʵģ˵ֿ˱Ҳᱻӡʮ꣡ͷ޺޵
Ϊʲôֱɱ㣿Ҷü
Ϊɱ˱־磬ɱԷʵ̫ˡͷ˵Ǳ븶صĴۣܳĨɱҡǲƴǰҵĻѪֿӡߣʵҺ
ȷʵɹˣڵѾ㵱İٷ֮һ˰ɣҶһЦ
ߣ֪ͷӵ˵ңǱаץߵѪ֮飬Ҳֻȫʱڵ֮һ
Ҷɫ䣬ôܣ֮һȻʬ˺ѻ޼ƿʩ
ٺ٣ԴҴѪԨܳʱҾͷ֣ʱڵǸʱѾͬˣ뵱ڵʱεȲʢֻؾ߶Ϊߣÿһ£ʱһֻؾ߾ȻҲܳΪܣʵڿЦͷЦ
ڵʱǸʲôʱҶ嵹
ڵʱǸûʱѾʲôǿˡͷ̾
ʲôǿߣνǿҲ練ơҶһЦ
ߣֻҪʮʱ䣬Ӿа취ָֻؾΪʱСʲôͷߡ
ֻʣͷˣΪָܻ𣿡Ҷɫ΢䡣
ҿԶᣡͷЦֻҪһõ壬Ҿа취
Ȼ㶼ԶᣬǱаץߵѪ֮ҲӦÿˣҶɫ΢䡣
ٺ٣𿴾аץߵѪ֮ôǿʵֻҵһѣҲı𣡡ͷЦѾϵ˻ң԰Ѵ󲿷˷˵ע˹ȥ
ôҪ£ΪʲôϸңҶЦ
ΪҪңҲҪ㣬ȻˣҵȻóͷЦΪôͣҪҵİܵõҵİĽ϶ڵŲţ
ҶĿһȷʵĶˣһһʮ꣬ϵòϣǱеı
ֻҪϰҶһţҾ;ȫ㡭ҵİæټ츳ʲôӣʲôʬˣʲô񾭵ˣͳͳĶ֣ͷЦ
ˣ޺۹ӣʬˣѻˣҶĶͷϲðߡ



371 
ǲӣ㱣ֻ֤ҪϰﱾԲģͷЦ
ҶĬˣ˵ĻȷʵĶ
ٺ٣ҿԸʱ俼ǣٸҴҲ١ͷЦ
ԣҶȡǬͷǬ㿼һ£ҪҪ
ͷǬҶǰȥ
;УҶ崫ħˮɣʵˮɣ˵ҾӦӦð
ǲǵĵʵָ֮ᷴͷԸ㣿ħ
ûҶ崫
ı£ҵģǱǩԼҲһķաħˮɴ
˵ĺܶԣϾѾʮ꣬ߣһе㲻ġҶü
Ͽ϶кܶö㲻ǩԼȻٰᡣħˮɴ
ҶĿһǳ޳ħˮɵĻ
ҶͷǩԼʱǰԪ糱ˮϯѹ
Ҷɫһ䣬æˣǰ񱩵ԪƺƵϯѾֻʮԶ
ʯ֮䣬ԪֻʮԶԪ֮ĺǱƷɶ
Ҷˣ
ڣԪͣ˷ɢȥ
Ҷ̧ͷǰֻԪϯĵطĺѾʧһ޴ޱȵġ衱ֳڵϣɫâӡ衱ͷųҫ֮
衱ַ·̩ɽ·߲ʣƺֻҪ衱ֵĴڣ߹ǰ
˭µģҶͫһ
ٺ٣ˣϷ԰ѹסϵԷĵ߹ԸԸ⣿
ȻһϵЦǰŨŨĺ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ȼ̧ͷǰϷӿĺضȻˣ
ˣƾΪܿԽǰ֣Ұ㣡ϵЦٴδ
ΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪ㣿ҶЦ
ˣ벻뿪ضϵЦ
ܰңҶĿһ
ϷȻܰ㣬ǰǡϷһæϵ
ʲôæҶЦʵ
ϷסˣֻҪϷߣ⿪ϷķӡϷܴ뿪ضϵЦ
Լסˣƾʲô뿪οҵΪôܽÿķӡҶһЦ
ֻҪ˺һŷɣ㲢ҪܸߵΪϵЦ
ҶĬˣڿ˵ľǲģһȻǬеͷʵǲǱӡضꣿ
Բǣͷ
˭ΪʲôᱻӡҶʡ
׾ӡҵʱضûˡҲ˵Ӧұӡ֮ġͷûв´ĻǺضضˡ
ô˵Ҳ֪˭Ҷɫ΢䡣
ȻϵôˣܴضΪ϶ܸߣҪСģͷȻĹҶ壬ǵҶ֮û˸
ˣ㿼ǵôˣϵٴδ
ǸڻȥҶһЦˡ
ˣʲôҲûУ㲢ߣԸ޷ٹȣһ꣬ɣϵѵ
ƺżҶһЦ
ϷѾô꣬òһܰϷˣϷ᲻Ц
ͼȰɣȥطһҶһЦתߡ
Ҷߺһ

ԶҶͣʮȻڵϷͬһɫ衱֣
֣ͬҶǰϵĽɫ衱֣ɻѡ
Щֲ׾µģͷҶ塣
ѵЩĳؾ֮µģҶĿһ
ֵ˻᲻Ҳضħˮɲ²⡣
Ҷɫ΢䣬Īض˱ӡа֮֮⣬Ļˣ
ȻһɳƵЦӡ衱ǰĺٺ٣ˣҺܺ棬Ϊôܴض֮ɱ󣿡
Ҷɫһ䣬Ȼеˣ
Ϊ϶ǿдģ룬Ӧǽĳ˵ûɣɳƵЦٴδ
˭ΪʲôҶʵ
˭ٺ٣ѾǵˣֻǵãҺһˡϲĻԳΪīɳƵЦ
˵˭ǲһܲϵˣҶʵ
ѾˡīЦһ䣬˵ʲô㶼Ҫɡ
˵ĻҾӦ𣿡ҶһЦ
ǺǣˣܽҪϴȥҪĽǲȱٵġīЦ
л佱ҶһЦ
ˣŲҵĻҶҪ㣬϶ĻòҪšīЦ
лѣҶЦЦ
ûв´ʱ϶ŵֻҪܰ⿪ӡʹ뿪ض˵Ķ԰ɣīЦ
ҶЦ
ˣض֮ڣ֮⣬˭Ҳû취뿪īǳŵЦ
ĪǣҲҰ⿪ʲôҶʵ
ȻǡīЦ˵֪˵ʲôҲңԣҲܰ෴һ˵أһ컯
ôõ𣿡ҶЦˣȫīĻ
㶫ġҰѱѧȥֻҪϴӦңҾͰ뿪ضķ㣬ҰĶȫ͸㡣ī˵ֻҵĶȥС
͵ĶȷʵˡҶҡҡͷϧҲôȤ
֪һ似Щ似УһΪһǿߡīЦλĻ϶źġ
ֻҪǰֻڣҾ͸߹ȥȻ߲ȥôõĴУҶЦ
ҿ԰㣬ҵȻѾǰˣǰ߹ܰ쵽ġīЦ


372 似
īĻҶûпڣӵϼһضϹǣš衱Ͽ˳ȥֺȻͷų貵Ľ⣬˷Ԫʱÿ񱩲ѣ۳Ԫ֮УϹ˲ͱ飬촷ۡ
ʹûҲᴥ֡Ҷ΢ݡ
ˣ㲻ˣʲôһָ⵽ֵĹīЦ
ʵ似ӹӦûʲôɣҶЦ
ٺ٣ˣұô꣬ʵѾǰˡֵܰѹңΪҲֳܷ̫ȥ£ϵķӡ֮˲һ𣡡ī̾
Ѿ㹻ˡҶһЦ
λᣬֻ似Ļֻܻ似Ļܵõʮ似ī˵ȥ似ɲֹ֣
ǰλ𣿡Ҷ˵ǰȴһ似Ρ
ҲգұϾزʶᵣҶ˲ҲȻҾһ似ˡī̾һ
似ĸ֣ҶȻ侲ȴѾ
似ΪӡӺˣ
ವһһɫľҶǰĺзɳͬʱͷųֲѹ͵ѹɫġ衱֣ѡ衱ֵѹ
ѹֻ˼˵һɲǣǡʹýɫԺ˵Ĵӡ衱ϿշɹҶС
Ҷסɫᣬס񣬲ûϴ򿪾ᣬīԣѾȻ˵֮һӣŵ滺չ
ӡƷ似
Ȼ似Ҷɫһ䣬Ҫ֪¥ʥ˴ʵÿҲֻһ似ɾѧ޼֮
ñ֪Ҷӵ似ӡҶҲɱ֮
ӡΪԪӡӡӡľӡˮӡӡӡÿһӡһӡǧŰپʮŸСӡɣȵؽƷ似ī͵ӡһܳƵ似
Ҷ忴Žɫᣬصݺī˵Ļһ
ΪֻɻԪӡī˵
ҶЦԼֻԪӡ
ͷŽɫᣬҶɫˡ
ӡ֮ӡҪ󣬾Ȼ֮Ҳ˵ֻҪϵ߲似ĵڶӡӡҶֻǻԪԲѣɹ
һһΪī˵֮ܲӡӦò¡ȻˣҲֻӡѣҪӡǲܣ
ҶԼŽɫᣬɫֱˣ֮ӡҪɽľˮӡֱ֮仯
֮ܳΪߣֱ֮仯ԲҲ˵ѡӡɹҲԲΪīЦ
ҶĬˣȷʵɡӡҲԲΪ
ԪһӡԪӡ
ڣ֮ڶӡӡ
ڣ֮һֱ仯ӡ
ڣֱ֮仯塢ӡ
Բֱ֮仯ӡҲһӡ
ҪӡһԲҲ
㲻֮ҲɹħˮɺȻҶ塣
Ҷɫһ䣬ʵĪʲô취
֮ˣܰԪΪգ᲻ɴݣᣬ޿ײ룬ãᲢãƲɵħˮɴ
ĪǣΪҽЩԺҾ֮ҶЦ
ȻǣħˮЦŴֻ㣬û֮˺֮˵ѣ뿴˰ԪΪȻã㲻ʩչӡ𣿡
Ҷǰһ
ֱ֮ͬ仯ߣԿԪԪвľˮԵԪܽõЩͬҲӡ˻޷ʹñ˵ȴԣΪɵ֣ħˮɼ
˼˵ԸңҶЦŴ
ħˮɿһЦҿʲôҲû˵
ˮɣңھͿʼҶ崫
ħˮɸ봫īȻˣҿ԰֮һ԰֮ΪߣҲҪκλرֻҪұѧȫض
Ҫûʲôģ֮ȥǣ㣡ͷæҶ塣
Ҷɫһ䡣
һˣǾܰ׾µķӡֻҪһǣԻᱻǶᣡͷٴδ
ģҿɲȥҶ崫
ˣ㿼𣿡īĴߴȻ
˼ҶǰĴвȤ
ҶһЦתȥīһߣò׵ȵһֻؾ֮µˣôˣ
δ䣬衱ֺ󷽵Ũͷųֲѹѡ衱ֵѹƣţһӰһӡ衱ϷԾҶ塣
Ҷ̧ͷһ˾ȻһãֱֳһնҶͷ­
һϢȻȻƺѾʧȥǣȴӵߵΪ
Ҷ߶¥֮һʮɣһһնգ˵ϣ졣
׽ī
ԣ͵ĵŵأʸҶȥֽӡһɫӡȻУ̫ҫ֮
ӡһӡԪӡ
ԪӡɳѹҶȥˡ
ҶЦʹȭһȭ˻Ԫӡ֮ϡ
¡ԪӡҶҲɵʮɿ⣬Ҷ˳ת߶¥֮ƿշߡ
ӸղһҶоõʵǿӦѾڣŹϵѡ뿪
׷īȵ
üæ׷ȥ


373 ʯ
Ҷӵ¥֮ȫ߶֮£ٶȿڴԲߣø׷Ҷ塣ۿüʧҶ屳ҶȻͣʹúܿ׷
ˢûӽҶ壬졣
ҶӰһܿõĹӵ󣬼󽣣һնã
ʮս
ٿתý񵲣ͬʱһֻֿٽӡһڰɫ̫ӡȻУǴӡ֮һӡ
һеĽϣĺ˼δסþͼˡӡҶһӡ֮ϣγ֮ҶеĴУͻȻŤҶзɳ
ҶҧŴ󽣣ͬʱתɵ֣֮ͷŶץסáͣõֱȱ֮ɣõ壬ת˲֮䣬þֻʣͷ­ʹȡ
ವһͷԶߣõֻҲĵıԶȥǳ
ȻӵڵȴûǻۣսֻܺȡΪˣҶܻá
ͷˣҶ߶¥֮һ׷ȥ
û׷ԶǰͷͱһԪ籩飬촷ۣ
Ҷɫһ䣬ԶȥϺȻһߵʯʯ̵һӦһӣȴ棬δ̳
ʯҶĸоǰ衱ָҶĸоһġأѹȸУ˸޷Ȼʯнǧɵľ룬Ҷ廹ִĸо
ʯֶͬһµģҶɫһ䡣
ʯֶͬһµģĿӦһģҶ峯ʯ񱳺ĹŨȥ²⣬ʯֶΪ˷ֹ˿ӡضˡ
Ҷ忴ŨʱŨкȻһЦٺ٣࣬벻õϵ˳£
Ҷ廹ûü˵ͷȴǱӡض֮ڵа֮꣡
ԣҶɫһ䡣
ٺ٣࣬ҿ԰㣡ҿ԰ҵָһ֣а֮Цٴδ
ǰӦòԵ޹ʰָɣҶһЦȴ룺а֮ĿĺīǸߵĿһǲǶң
࣬ҵȻָ㣬Ҫһæа֮ЦһڱסǰʯȻߣһҵ㡣
а֮īһҲƭҵߣȷʵҡҶüͷ룺ضĺǺûйϵЩɱģΪʲôҪɱЩˡǶᣡ
Щɱ˱ҶΪʵ̫ˣа֮ûɲȥЩˡ
ʲô˲ܽж᣿Ҷ崫ʵ
ֻֻؾϣӵԪ֮˲ܶˣңֻܶ󾳣µˡͷΪֻؾ֮ϵѾԪʱߡĳֻؾı˶ᣬڵһʱӦԪߣûԪ㱻˶ˣ֮Ҳ˥ܣոá
˼˵ֻ֮µ˲ŻᱻᣡҶɫ䡣
û֮µûԼԪһֻؾϵߵԪڣᱻ̵ҲᱻռУ̣ǳΪᣡͷ
ѹ˶ƭҵߣԭֻܶˡҶȻ
࣬㿼ûУٺ٣˵һĪ컯а֮Ц
ǰʵղλǰһλѱѧб͸ңһλȫڸңһŵ뿪ض֮󣬰кöҲҡ
˵ҶЩӺףǳ˼˵λǰǰĶʵڲô
Ҷ˵а֮ĶǲզΡ
һҲ̫ˣȻҿŨ֮а֮갵һҶ˵ٺ٣࣬ǸģҿԸ˫
ǣǰŵĶ̫ʵˣ˱ȽʵڣϲһЩʵڵĶҶЦλǰһ似һֽӡǰӦ˵
ߣʲô˲ģҸ֣а֮ߵ
ǰûЦɣҶʵ
ҵȻû㿪Ца֮ЦΪ̫̫ͣ似ûãẦ㣬̰ãҽ㣬ҲӦöɣ
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ҶĻδ˵꣬а֮ȻסҶĻ˵ٺ٣Ҿ֪㶮ģҲ뺦㣬ԣҾȸһֵؽ似㻹ᣬΪҲߣѻΣǧҪøԶ
˵а֮ѾرͶ룬ζͺҶĳһ
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Ҷ˵аֽ֮ضҶĻЦѧʲô͵似ֻҪǵؽ似ҶԸ㡣
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ƨб޳ܣȻҸᲢۣͷŭˡ
ðɣȽ޳˰ɣҶЦŴ
ߣ۹⣡ͷһ
ҶһЦа֮˵ǰ֪û󷨣
󷨡а֮ĬƬ̲ſڣȷʵУҼǵãɱһʦŵõⲿ󷨡
󷨣Ҷǰһ뵽޺۹ӶԸѪ֮󷨡
࣬ͰӳȥҪˣ
а֮Ļδ䣬ʯ󷽵ŨкȻɳһᣬͬʱһǿͷų糱ˮһѹ
ڱΣ˳ķɵҶУ
סᣬҶ򿪾һȷʵдš󷨡ĸⰻȻĴ֡
⡶󷨡ȻֻǵؽƷ󷨣ȴСа֮Ц󷨹ؾ磬һأڶأǧأҽֵؾ磬ҲͲˡ
ǧҶɫ΢䣬ͷϸĿžᡣ
ȷʵ󷨵ؾ󷨶ʦҪ󼫸ߣҪ˵Ҫȶġ̬
Ҷ岻ǿġŶġҲȶȫ


374 ֮
࣬似ѾˣӦ÷˰ɣа֮Ц
ǰڵΪĸһҿ϶ܲˣҿ˰ɣҰ似㣬͵ҴûҶ˵
ٺ٣ѾǻԪԲֻҪҿϰһѣͻƵʲô¡а֮Ц
Ҷѹסĵļ̾ǰȻҲ֮ɣ
ߣ˭˵ҲУа֮ߵ֮ǰ˻ȴԣ
ĪǡĪǰʲô취ҶЩŵʵ
֮֮ͨΪûһõĻа֮ЦΪһУʱ޿̶ܸӦԵԪò˼֮
ǰ㲻ǸЦɣҶ廹ŵӡ
ߣƭһСа֮ߵһƷֻҪѵҩȥ֮ڣᴦһ״̬״̬£ĸоԵԪٺ٣ѹʱ㻹޷֮Ļֻ˵ʵǸˣ
ǰĻҲ֪ʶǳû˵ʲôҶǺЦ
ߣа֮һٴѹסʯ񣬽ţһźڰĵҩ󷽵ŨɳɵҶС
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ҶеԽԽԼϿ֮Ҳﵱп֮ʵϵֻ֮ǰѣһ˫֮ܿ۾
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Ҷ屳ԪеУȻֳһȻһѾ޴ޱȵĺɫ󽣣
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Ҷ屳ԪеֳһȻһɫ̫â䡣γɣʵΪҶɵ֡
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ȻҶ屳ԪֳһǸɫĹҲ̫һͷųҫ۵ĻɫâγɣΪҶĻ
ڡĸ󣡡а֮𾪵Ĳ˵
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ȻҶ嵤ڵɵתȻ֮ڵԪ
Ҷɫһ䣬ͻƻԪʱҲƵţɵּɱ䣡
ҶæתؼԪʧԪ
Сӵڸʲôа֮꿴ҶȻϣзǳɻ

ֹһ죬ɵȻҶڵԪ
ɵɵһ˴󽣵ֵУҲɱ䡣
֮ɵֹͣеԪ
Ҷ˫ۣоէ˵Ʒ˷츲صı仯
̧֣ͷų֮ͣ˷Ԫʱɣ֮ǰǿˡ
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Ŵ󽣵ҶѾԳܴ󽣴ĸɡ


375 ŵĴ˵
Ҫ¿ƺô󽣣塷Ҷ
ٺ٣࣬ѾͻƵϰѹסʯϵ߰ɡа֮Ц
ǰҿ˰ɣҿɲƽ޹ʽĺôҶҡҡͷ
ٺ٣࣬Ҳ⡣а֮Ц
ǰ˰ɡҶЦ
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ߣСӣ걾ĵҩ뿪ô˵𣿡а֮Ц
Ҷɫһ䡣
ǿŵҩбµһ˿л꣬ڵΪһ˿л꣬ҲԸˣа֮Ц
Цδ䣬Ҷ͸оһȻʧţʶ֮С
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ңıҶЦ
С֣ԭ֪ˣа֮ŭȡ
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ٺ٣Сӣȷʵûг𣬲Ҳ취ᵽа֮Ц
ҶҲЦЦ˵ǰҺܺ棬ضΪʲôô޺ĺǣ
ٺ٣ԼضģûǵѪ⣬Ҳֲ졣а֮Ц
ǰЩ˺𣿾Ȼܴضɱ󡣡Ҷüʵ
ǵΪȷʵҪǿдضǻʸ񣡡а֮ЦҪҳѹסɱǸ
Ҷһ⣬Ȼа֮ѹסɱ󣬰ǿ߷Žɱǿߣ̵ǿߵѪ⣬ôа֮ΪʲôֱӶԼ
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ǧ֪ʲôԭǿԽԽ٣ҳѹסɱҲûܴɱˡΪû˽ûʳҵԽԽѹɱҲûˡٺ٣Сӣˣɱֻؾߣ練ƣ
а֮꿴ҶЦȻһ
ҶЦݣʣǰΪʲô˵ǰҲԶң
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Ҷɫ䣬ԭīҲа֮ġʳ֮һ
һﱾֶԸˣûͬ⣬ߣʲôҲͱ֣а֮Ц
ˣҶ˵
û֮ǰڷӡһǰ֣ǰһ񣡡а֮ߵҪǸС˵µʯСӣܻڣ
ûûʯа֮ͷųһܰҶѹڵأҶ޷
˾˭Ҷʵ
Ҳа֮뿪ضʱض֮⴫һЦ
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֪а֮˵ֻǵãЦ˵ֲΪŵĴ˵Ȼܴض
ŵĴ˵Ҷɫ䡣
ٺ٣࣬ʵҲˣֵˣ㾿δģа֮Ц
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ʥͼУĸЦҪʨүǳ֣ڻɱ桭
࣬ӽ쿪ʼ㱾˵ˡʱǾû˵Ļˡа֮Ц
ҶĬˣѵҪ
ҶʱضȻ
ʲôˣҶɫһ䡣
¡¡¡¡ζĸӾҡ
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376 նħ
ض֮⣬˿̾ȻѾۼϰˣ
һɢһȺ֮ĵϣȻһֱɵĴ󣬴â䣬˸ʮˣоŸڴԵľŸͬķλʮڴ롣
ڴԵľŸˣеͲֻʮӣеѾǰ׷ߡˣȻǸץѪ֮ĺߣ
Ҷûض֮еˣڴˣɫۣʮ꣬ݲʳȡ
ҶĽ˺Ȼ˫ۣоէ
֣ôڲ棿ڴԵľŸǿͬʱˣʵ
ȷʵض˵
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󷽵Ⱥ˵ĻҲ׷ɫ䡣Щ˵УСνݡѩˡȵȣȻȫ¥ʥͰ˼ʥĳϡξȴڣƺûʸֳϡ
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ٺ٣䳤գɱң²óԪ󣡡
תֵЦЦһӣֻ裬ѾʧӰ١
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377 ޺۹
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ͬʱͬʱ֣һھ綾ϣ綾Ȼ飬졣
綾ɲǣҶͻȻֳģתֵ˴ӷһЦСӣҿʦΪʦߣΪʦԲģ
˵䣬תֵѾץҶ塣
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֣ĪǣԺ̴УһֻؾܺȻߣҲǰ䳤յľŸ֮һ֮԰䳤գȻΪضĴУʲôҲûеõģ
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ٺ٣ȻУÿӡһݣһֻؾЦ
ûǿߵ˵ͷ
Ҷɫһ䣬ûеõκΡСҪôó
֣˼أ䳤տЦʵ
Ҷ屾ΪҲԼѴн֪ȴ˵Ҷģôãš
ԣҪҶ彻еͬʱɫ䣬վ䳤һߣ鷳ˡ䳤մžԺʦԺԺ֣˾а̣˭ǣ
Ȼǿֵ߱ĻԺҲҪɵ֡Ϊֵǿ߲ŸϷִС
֣֣¥ʥ֮ǰѾ˵õضĴУһϴȥϣ㲻ҪΪѡһֻؾЦ
Σң䳤ղŭЦ
ҡǸֻؾһЦ
Ǻǣ磬ҾԺ£ʱҪ˵ɫնħɱ˱ǣ
ȻһЦ̧ͷһ˴Զת˲Ҷߡ
ˣȻ䳤١ʯ㷼
⣡Ҷɫ΢䣬֣Ȼ䳤һ
ƺҶᣬʯ㷼ЦŴҶ壺һֱż㣬ʵ˦ֻţȽ˵㱻ضϾ͸˹
ûùȻ˸ʱ򣬹Ȼ˶򽣶֮ڡ
ʯ㷼Ҷʱֻؾܿ䳤٣¶ļɵ֮ɫ
ܣǾԺһܽѹˣ䳤ЦŶ䳤˵
ϧЩ˲ϲ˽䳤ٿֻؾܣЦ˵Բԣ
ߣֻؾһתƿշߡ
䳤ٿʧԶǿߣЦٺ٣컯źͱԽԽǷˣ


378 Ҷ֮Σ
컯šҶɫ΢䣬Ī컯ҲǺ;ԺһĴ
Ҷ循֮ʣ䳤ЦŶ䳤˵٣Ҳˣһȥһ˽żɡ
䳤ٵ¶Ϊ֮ɫջεĵ˵ͷ
䳤һЦתͷҶ壬ֵҶСֵܣѨǾ֮أ㻹Ǿȥŋ־իɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
䳤ղٶԣһԾƿշߡ
ȷʵǾа̵ˣϴǱˣαһΣˡҶһۣҲƿշߡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬׸ղΪʲôҪˡ
㡣䳤һЦҲһԾƿշߡ
ͬʱԶкͼõ˹Ҷ壬ЦСֵ򽣶ϢȻȥһȥŋ־իΪ㵣ġ
лǰҶЦŵ˵ͷ
£Ҷ˳ŷбƿշߣ򽣶ڷ򼲳۶ȥ
оԺΪСӳõϵĶûϣˡʵĳ̾
Сر鷳ģԺһʱһѴнԺʥڵĳЦ
ûҿѴнԺЩҲ׷ŹѪɳȵĳЦ

Ҷ뿪Ѩʱ򽣶ĳ֮⣬оӰ飬ˡ
Ϊ֮ˣȻξѩ֮⣬һѪɫ۵վξߣ˵Ѫʢ֮ԶԶѹξѩһͷ
ξ󣬺Ȼѩ޵ˣƺϺƵǵˡ½ϷȴڣΪĸ½ͼǩԼ޷Գ棬ֻϺƺƵǰ
˳Ծǣѩ޵˵ϢȻѾͻƵ
ҶСӣΪǻԪѣȻҽɣֱǲξЦ
¥ʥҪһ߲ܳһɣκԱᱻ̲
ΪԼԲŸҽԼɡѩЦ
ȻѾˣҲûдȥıҪˣ򽣶ѾھˣǰҲö˵ʲôξЦ
ߣΪ治Ǿû취ˣʵڿЦѩЦ
峤ϣȻǲǾԼȥɡξתͷѪˣЦ
ǱξΪ峤ϡѪ˵˵ͷȻĳһǰ֮ϣշһѷȻ֣
򽣶ڣ
ߣ
ξȳ˽ȥ˽Ҳ򽣶졣
򽣶ѪͷųһɨŶ˵ǱߣŶ߷ɳ۶ȥ
ξ˽һȺ˺ƺƵķ˹ȥ
ȻѪͣξ˽ҲͣͬĿǰǰȻˣӺ幣
󾳳ڣԲξĿӺɨ¶֮ɫ
ǴҶڣλ֪кιɣЦ
ӣԸԸ⵽ѪţѪѪ˻ڡ
˼ǴҶڵĶϣټɡЦ
Ҷڲˣ᲻ѪţξȻЦ
ҶڣڣҶ˵
Ǻǣ˵ĲһЦ
ߣƲԳԷƣξһ˵ȥˣҵһɱһһ¡
ǣѪŵĵǷ׷׹Ӧɢȥ
ѩҲڵ˷ԸҲȥɡ
ǣʥڵĵҲ׷ɢߣϺƺƵ˽ҲԶ
ߣһ̧ץмʥڵĵӣ絶ɱʥڵĵӶȥ
ӣбڣҲҳ֣ѪЦһնӵֱۡ
üһͷųͷģţľȻ˾ͭսձۣѪ˶ȥڣ̶ţ
ս󣡡ѪĿһǱ紵һƮ˳ȥ
ͭսƺƵıѪ˶ȥѪ˵죬ȴ첻ͭսս֮׵磬žֱ첻ͣ
ߣѪһ̶ͦգǵصնͭս
䡭
ͭսĽУķģâ˸緱ǰ財
㲻ҵĶ֣ѪЦһʳӶȥ
ǲǣҪս֪֮Цȥ󷨣ѪѪս
ͬʱξѪһ幣գɱˡ
ξˣնյıܿξĹǾʱѩȻתѩУѩ糱ϯ并ȥ
еէɵȻУವһɵɳѩѩϢļ¡
ѩһˣһӣѩرǽסǰ
ɵرǽͣżɵ飬촷ۡ
ˢξûѪٴɱ幡
ɫһ䣬æתٴηɵɵѪ֮ϣҫ۵Ļ𻨡ǺһɵɣξֱҲþʹѣ޷ס
⡭ѩûͷųѩ并并ʱһˣ׹ڵء
幱ʱ򣬲ԶҲѾˣźֱϸһѪȪӿ
˵㲻ǱĶ֡ѪЦ
ӴЦ
ЦʲôѪĿһ
ȻЦ㣬ûҵΪǲ㣬ɱ㣬練ƣЦ
Ѫ˲ŭЦҵҪɱ˱
ʮǰõһ󷨣ңΪǵڶʹ󷨵ˣЦ
󷨣Ѫɫ䡣
һʹ󷨵˺Ϊ£ѾˣЦ
Ѫʶ˼֮ľ룬һʩչ󷨣ǿɲǿЦģԿԽɱˡ
ʮ󣡡
ӴһߵķΧתâ䣬ҫ֮
ߣѪ˱ˣ߳ξѩһ
ξѩɱ幣ȻѪ˵Ļһ㶣漴ˣ˺ӵľ롣
Ѫ˺ͻȻתһߣߵķİ˰ɢʱѾʧ


379 Σ
󷨣Ѫŭȡ
Ѫ˵ĻξѩѾܲµľ϶ƭѪˡ
峤ϣǻ򽣶죬ɱеǻᣬֺαضŭξһЦ
Ѫ˵˵ͷͷųʶɨ˷Ӻ幵䡣
ͻȻѪ˿ãã޼ʵ֣ЦҵˣֹӣӦҲ
ߣ
ξ˻磬߼۶ȥ
ܿξ˾ͣǰУȻķģֵķԲǳ㣬ǧɣķǳܼоʲô˭Ҳ塣
ӦӲõ󷨣ӦþͲ棡Ѫ˵
ٺ٣ҵҪӲõʲôڲͬĵطξһЦ󷨵зȥ
Ѫ˺ѩҲ˽ȥ
Ǹսѩ޵˾½ˡ
ԭǶ棬ѹһҲҲѩ޵Ц
ԭղ򽣶˺ܾãȴûпӰ
峤Ѿȥˣò˶ã󷨾ͻᱻ峤ƵһЦ
䡭
ȻдĺĸǲϷӿûãɢĿһʱٸˣ˹Ȼ֮⣬ӡ幡졢ѩˡ̵ȫڡ
˲ٽˣҲɫ԰ףȻҲ˲Сˡ
ӣ㲻ǻΪʲôʹѪ˼Ц
ٺ٣󷨵ôʹһ˼޹ô죿Ц
ͷȻЦóѪһЦ
峤ϣǆ£䣡ξѵ
Ѫ˵˵ͷ
ξһЦתͷ˵ҶСйصˣһҲܷŹ
ǣѪźʥڵĵӳɱҶڵĵӶȥ
ɱ
ҶڵĵӶҵĵӣʵձ鲻ߣȴƴɱ˹ȫԥɱ˳ȥ
һʱ䣬ײͺɱڶ
ͬʱѪٴμɱӣ߷ɵ߿գҲս
죬ɣ
ͬһʱ䣬һѪɱ˹ȥѾͻƵû
ͬʱѩ޵ûйѩˣ庮ҵĵɱȥѩ˺ȻסǰĶҡ
ѩˣҲ㶯֣ͻƵ֮ٽҲ١ѩ޵Ц֮Բѩ˽֣Ϊһѩˣŭ¡
ʥȻ¥ʥ˴֮һҲȥǽּǿߡ
ѩ˸ûиѩ޵ܾĻᣬȼһɱѩ޵ɱ¾ӳڽϣɱ졣
ߣѩ޵ߣתѩ֣ѩ۳һѽӭȥѩ˼ս
ԶԶȥѾ˵ӰֻܿŽײ
ѩ˵ľϾѩ޵ûñ·硣
ߣѩ޵мЦȻһ̣ɫ䣬ѩ˺Ȼͷųɱ¾
ţ
ѩ޵𾪡
ɱ¾֮ѩһƬѪɫУѩ޵Ĺȫ档ɱ¾֮ѩѾ˺һսʵѩ޵ҲҴ⡣
ֽʮУȻʤ
Ȼܺ͵սƽֵֻѩһ˶ѣѾʹȫȻԵֵ죬Ӻ幵ҲˣҶڵĵӸ˲أѾûмһս
ƺһɶһ˵ϣʯɽ
ţһ䡱ľ죬Ҳξһնţɶ׹ڵأؿڳ¶ɭɭ׹ǣѪȪӿ
ͬʱҼҲѩܣֻѩú并һˣ˽¡
ˣҶڵне֮ϵǿߣѾȫܣҶˡ
֮µߣѩȫѹסѩ޵֮⣬ֻ졢̺庮˻ڼ֡
ͻȻҲһˣѪɫ԰ޱȡ
ߣŮˣƾҲ䣿Ц죬ɱˡ
ȻһŮӷǰ˾ȻǹȻ
ԭǰȻյɢ¥Ϣȥһˣû뵽Լȥɢ¥һ֮˾⵽ξ˵Χ
죬Ȼ죬ʲô
첻ȻŹȻ죬Ц¸ûйϵ˵ĻͲöŮ˺棡
㲻üҡЦֵĻѹΪս
ҿ𣿡켥Ц
㲻𣿡ҲЦ
ЦͻȻѪֻէѪѾնɱǰ
ȻЦޣˢһסѪ
ˣֵô𣿡ĿŹȻɫһ
ȻЦ
ЦȻתѪ֣ವһ޲סѪȻʧͬһɲǣƵĴӹȻӹٴμѪնɱ졣
һжڵʯ֮䣬ȻûзӦ
켱æƺ«ֵһ죬챧žƺ«ɳȥ׹ڵء
Ȼɫ䣬ٿתһӵߣ
û¡촭ϢſڣɫøӲ԰ףղžƺ«ײ֮ϣþʹѡ
쿴Ȼ໥һɫһѪһնͷ­
ȻæˣһѪն˵ϣɳʯɽ
ղһֻã㻹ܾΣ쿴ŹȻ˵
ȻЦʲôҲû˵
ʱԶξȻȻЦӺ并ϣǲ𣿡
ȻĿȥֻһϢξԶȫǺҲһѾԹȥҲߡ
ԶȥȻƼҶڵĵӱʥںѪŵץץɱɱѾֹͣս
ͬʱξĻ̺͡庮ѩҲ׷֣ͣɫصĿӵˡ
̡庮ѩˡȻ֮⣬˶ʧȥ˼սȥѩ˵˵ΪѪ˺ξ˵Ķ֣ٶȥ׶༪١
ȼҵСѾͷº޹أȰ㻹ǿ뿪ɡξȻЦŶԹȻ˵
ҲأȻЦ
Ϊ׽㣬ʵ̫ˡξһЦ
ȻĶʱȥ
峤ϣȻǲϹ˳ǣͰɱ˰ɡξѪˣЦ
ԣɫ䡣
ѪһЦӺ幵ȥɱ˵ˣ˵ʵ̫ˡ


380 ת
Ѫߵӵߣͬʱɫ䣬нѡ
ֻѪЦһһӶȥ˴󾪣ǱΪӻ촦û뵽ѪֻӵֱϻһѪɽ
ֵĻ͸һʹ죡һ
ôˣǱˣѪһЦ𽣣һڵĶ䣬ȻӵĶ䣡
˽ҧѾٿȥ
ۿӵĶ䣬ؼ¶ȻһɫĻ𻨴ѹѪˣȵ¶ȣʹΪ֮Ť
Ѫͫһæ㣬Ƕɫȴƹ֮׷
ΣͷѪһնĻ֮ϣһըʱ쳹أѪƺһĺ˼еĳѾýڡ
ξ˿һĻ𾪲ѡ
ಣ
ξ֮ʣ˴Զߣ˾ȻҶ塢⡢ʯ㷼ˣ
ղųֱѪ˵ˣǼ⣡
Ҷ壡ξɫһ䣬û뵽ҶȻš
ξȻˣͲ뿪ˡҶ˵ξôˣξ뿪ξͳҲС
ҶĻξŭЦƾҲסĳˣ
Ҷδ˵ȻȻ˵ǲߣǾ˭Ҳ뿪
ξһղųֵĪǾŮˣ
ż⣬ξЦ֪Ѫźʥڵˡ
֪Σ֪Σ⵭ڡ
еʱ򣬶һ²һ£ºûйϵȰòҪ󡣡ξЦ
û˵Ŀξ֮кȻͷųɫĹââξ֮졣
ξû뵽ͻȻ֣֮ʣæˡ
Ѫ˿ξգæ֣һξһ𣬻汻Уʱɢɢһ𻨡
Ŀһɫ۳һ޴ĻѹѪ˶ȥ
ѪһһѪɫ̫ײ˻֮ϡ
¡Ѫɫ̫ͻըϯ˷
Ѫ˱˼һһѪ
ξ͵һ峤϶ˣǸǼĶ֡
үߣŮ˺ǿҲĶ֣Ѫ˼æξɲǣѾƿշߣѾˣٺͼȥΣա
ԣξûгɣæһԾ򽣶ĳڷȥѩ˽һʱ䣬ѪźʥڵĵȫһţȫԹԼ
ߣҶЦ߶¥֮һɵѩ޵ǰסѩ޵ȥ·
ѩ޵ͬʱЦֻѪһնҶͷ­ѩ޵ñѩ۳ɽһҶĺ
ҶԪӡ͵ĳԪ۳һ̫ӡѪ֮ϣ˵һԪӡȻѪɣҲ˼
ͬʱҶһֻֽӡһڰɫ̫ӡסѩ޵Ĵɱ𾪵ǣѩ޵Ľӡ֮ϵɲǣȻӡУ˲䱻ʳƬ
Ԫӡʱ޿̶תж˵ȿԹҲԷ
ӡ̺ᲢãԷ˵Ĺɱ侪ˣ
ҶʹӡͰ콾ڶ͵ֱˣ˵ӡ
ʱסΣ̧ͷҶ壬͵һ
ѩ޵Ҳ𾪣ղõʲô似
֮ʱҶһ嵽ǰһֻԪӡһӡ̫죡
󾪣æѪֵ
˵һԪӡײѪ֮ϣת֮Ѫֱϣʹֱۺ񱻾ʯѹһʹѡ
⵽ʲô似󾪣æѪ˻ȥԪӡ
ҶЦӡ죡
켱æˣڳ֡
֣ȵֵһȥ㣡
ڽڰ˵ʱѩ޵Ȼƿշߡ
ɫһ䡣
죬ѾˣҲˣ˭ܾ㣿ҶЦͷһɽɳȥ
ߣҶķɽͬʱͷųԼѹҶȥȻһѪ
ҶҲͷųֻͷųʦҲһ塱
䣡ײܵ˷ɣһѪ
Ҷٴβٿطɽնɱȥ
켱æܣǳˣɽ֮ϣ˲䱻ɽնϣѪҺɽ
ҽһ
Ҷɲ죬ٴβٿطɽɽһüĶȥ
켴նɱʱȻһͷųģɽڷ֮ϣɢѾʧӰ١
Ҷ岢ûɱ죬Ӻ幷˿ȻҲɱμҵˣҲ֪ξˣѪŵ˾ԲŹҶڣ
Ҷ忴Ӻ幵ˣ˵ǰһ˶ˣ
˵˼һˣʮ
ԣҶһɱ
ڣΪ˵˲Ҫ£Ժ˵ɡ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
ӿʼԸû˵ˣ˵̧򽣸ҶȥѨЩ죬򽣶˲ٽ򽣸֮һЩӺ幷Ը˽ġ
ӵڣΪԱ˵¸ֲҶġԣһ򽣸Ҷͱһ䷿Ϣʯ㷼Ҳˡ
ڣҶϣͬڷڵˣ졢Ȼ⡢ʯ㷼ѩˡ̡
ξ˽ҶڵľҶ壬ĻҶɱء
ξѪţͳ죬Ըһ׵¡ȻɫУξѪ֮һѪϲˣѪԲưոݣ
Ѫ棡Ҷ彣üһ
˵ѪΪȾҪߣ
ֻؾ
Ҷͬʱɫ䡣


381 ˾
Ѫ¥ʥʮ֮һȻʮֲȸ޺۹ӡȻɫʮֵУʵǿ¥ʥξѪ棡
һ¥ʥ򣬽ڿȸ桢޺۹Ӻˣһ֡
ѪѵΪֶԸһС𣿡Ц
ѪȻֻؾǿߣȴûиӦеķȣֻҪǵˣǱΪߣȫŹ¶ԷֻһԪߣȻ˵
Ҷ˳ĬˣһֶΪǿˣȷʵǸ鷳¡
ԸξԣֻҪѪҲö˵ʲôȻЦ֮Уͨսͳ죬ֱս񽫣ۣ
ô鷳ξ˵֮ҪһսۡҶĿһЦò˶ãһΪ鸶۵ģ
ûȥξξȴأĻξֻԽԽеʱһζòǺ£ЩˣֻаˣŲ㡣
ξѾԲʱڣòҪȥսȻѵ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷȻȻԼʵ˺ܶ࣬ȴȻξĶ֡
ջǲС˵ʱѩɨҶһۣ

Ҷ̸ʱһϢڸĳϺͽ֮䴫˽ضһ߳ˡҶ˲䱻¥ʥ򡢰˼ʥԶʥ֪
˶롰õҶ壬ǣ˶˵Ҷ;ԺߵķǳңʦԺ̫ϳҲڱҶ壬ʹҶ˶ʱ侲ǿɲҵʦԺ;Ժ
¥ʥûκȥҶ鷳
˼ʥͬҲûκȥҶ鷳
ȻЩǲʦԺ;Ժˣ˲ҶҶ壬ȴҡ˵а̣аѰһᣬֻҪлᣬǾͻץҶ壡
˾а⣬һҲ֪Ҷضڻ߳Ϣ
ĵڣһʹݻǧ򱶵ĹУ˿һɴŮӻ԰еͤڸ٣Ȼһƽ׵ӴͤʯС֮ϡ
£ŮӵڣҲûӡ
˾˫һţٹͷϡ
˾̧ϸ۵֣һУеƮƮķɵ˾С
ವһӻһ⣬ƿշߡ
˾ŷ𿪣дżԾ֣δɱ֮һأ
Ծ޵͵ΪȻɱ˾ΪǸŮˣǾľ
˵ľĸֵʱλص˾͸˼ֲֲʡį
ͤǰƮµĻ꣬˾ЦɵĻлˣܻµĻû˵лĻӦø˲ǡ

˾ﵽ׸˲ˣû֪ʱҶкܲˡ
Ҷķڣ˸ոոȥֻʣҶ塣뵽ξɱԼȴʲôҲҶˣ
Ϊ̫ˡҶ̾ǿԽ࣬ԽоԼ̫С
֪뾡ԼΪ
˫ۣʼǧĵ䡷ѾߣȴֻеأԣҪԼΪأҲҪأ
ڵΪزʲô¡
աǧĵ䡷ķţҶֳһǧݣȻʼ
һ֮Ѵõںϣûãಿλ͵˵ĿӡԤʾѾӵеһøǿ
ȹһֿ֮ʼǧĵ䡷볢۳ӡ
ֹһ죬Ҷ廹ǧĵ䡷ͬʱӵѾѴҶڵԱãҶڵĵǽٺʼƴΪӶ˵뱻ѹֻвϱǿ
ҶڵĵƴʱҶȴֹͣǧĵ䡷ΪѾƿʱ޷ͻƵء
ȡء󷨡ᣬͷųͷģ۳˼ʸߡ
ţҶֿƷģγ˵ڶ֧֧
ܿ죬ھ֧Ҷͷһһ֧֧ʸͻȻںϳһֻʸ
ںϳɹɲǣʸͻȻӵķģâ˸
ʧˡ
󷨡һأĹؼȲóһٸСÿСʵһ֧ÿ֧ͬʵɼʸķĽṹȫͬǳӡ
ҪͬʱóһٸȫͬҸص󷨣ȻٰЩںϣѶȼͨʦΪΪ̬츳޷ɡ󷨡
ȻʧˣҶ岢٣ֿʼ
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ʦãԺȥһߣЩһûʲôôʦɨҶһӹȻ߹
Ǳ⣬ҴʦӡȻǸȻ
ҶһЦںȻʦĻ
ûע⵽쿴ȻĴʦʱһĨɱ˲ָƽ
Ƚ㣬ʦĹϵʲôôá˵
ҴʦйҺʵͬĸĽãȻ˵
Ҷɫ䡣
˵ĸ׵ĹϵãԴСǵĹϵͲáȻ
Ҷһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲô
ȻһаЦʨ٣ĸСˣ˭ÿһЩ
ţ٣⻹治ش𡣡һЦŴ
ŶΪʲôûش𣿡
һɴҸʲô
ٺ٣⻹ףɴ˲𣿡
ٺ٣˵Ķԣ᲻ͻˣ
ȻᣬиָңִɴŮӣһ㶼ܻȣѲ˰ɴٺ٣Ѳ˳ǵ·
Ǹˣôû˵
Ҳ֪˭ҪЩܽиˡ
ٺ٣˵ûȥС˵ɴ
ˣȻͣ
Ҷ˲Ŀȥһ͵ĺһͷ𷢵Ӣ˹󣬻һȺˣЩ˸Ѫʢһ¯
˵ϢޱȣƺѾԽӦǿߣ
Ҷ˲жϳͽͷ϶С
ͺֻ̡Ȼʯ㷼ĸŮӣҶȫˡ
ٺ٣ɷɴժЦŶԼ˵
û˵ֱ˽ꡣ
ǵûԽ˷ܣٺ٣׹˼ˣڰʾңժɴ
Ҷˡ
ʨ٣ɣЦ
ţ٣Сºα鷳㣿ʨٺٺһЦ
Ҫһ𣿡ţٷǳЦЦ
ٺ٣Ǻðɣһ𣡡ʨһЦץ˼ɴ
ţٲʾҲץ˹ȥ
Ҷ̾Ѿٿȥ

ʨٺţٹֽУ߷ݣɶ
ٵɫ䣬æ˹ȥֽס١
ͬʱӵΪȥһһң߹֮˵ıֳһɫţӰұ߹֮˵ıֳһͷͷƽʨӵӰ
һĻȻɫ䡣
ֹǹȻΧ۵Ҳ׷׺Ȼ
ħţ
ƽͷʨ
ͬʱԶξѩҲҶ߿˹׷һ
ħţͻƽͷʨ޽ľͷһ壡
¡
һ쳹䳡󾳴֣ͬʱ˼
Ů˭Ȼܵסħţͻƽͷʨһ𾪡
һΣ㻹ס𣿡ħţһǿЦ
ƽͷʨһǿҲЦһ
ҶѾ׼ٻԺ͹ĸ˰⣬ǾʱʨٺţٺȻôܶŮ˶֣һŪô죿д
ǿһۣЦá
Ҫɴˣʨѵסǧ򲻿
ٺ٣ûûԲţЦǺǵĸ͵
ǿ߶ٸΪѣɲߣ˼Ļ˵˾ԼˣҲֻӲͷƤϣΪ޷Υ
ಣಣ
ǿٴγȥ׺Ϣϯͬʱθߣһ˰ţľ͹һʨͷǾŸʨͷ
ǿ޽İһΣʵĳ̶ȣȫͨȵģ
׼֣Ҷ崫ʥͼеԵˡ
Ǳˣŋ־ի
ʱ䳤߿̨ϵĸ˵Уĸ˻ڡ
˵䣬ָһһķֱǿ߶ȥ
ǿɫ䣬ͬʱֵֵķġ
¡
ǿƺһ˼ÿ£涼һĽӡ䳡𶯲ֹ
ԪҶǶ֣ħţһǿŭӿ̨ϵˡ
һҲֻħţͻƽͷʨǿ壬ŸҸ޺۹ӵ״˵
ŋ־ի֮ϣκ˶׼֣ʦԭʦĻ𣿡Ԫʵ
ǿһٶ˵ʲôΣ޺۹ӵǱģ


391 ˾
ڻԪĸԤţٺʨٳɴγˡ
ţ٣ô죿ҪҪ֪ͨĳϣǣʨٴţ١
Сţúʨ٣һŮ˵ɴڵЦ
˵ûǣڸô죿ָоŮ˿϶ǺƯŹ̫ϧˣʨٴ
ٺ٣˭˵ҪţЦŴȵһûʲôˣȻ󡭡
Ȼˣʨټࡣ
ţٺܱӵĿʨ٣Ǹ̫ô죿
ʨ촽ٺаЦϣζã
ţٵúİĿʨ٣òſڣҵ˼˵ץסҪЮʱ򣬲ͷ
⼸ô죿ʨſˮʵ
ٺ٣⼸ȻҲܷŹţһЦ
ţٺʨǱΪʱ򣬿̨ϵĻԪ˵ʮǰʦһöŋҲ˵ڳλУӦһٸ˵õŋЩ˵ȻѾõŋȴδӵнŋָءȥ̳ŋزصʸ񣡡

ȫȻõŋȻһȥŋָء
ҶҲܳԾĪǣʹõŋҲҪʲôſԽŋָزɣ
ȻҶŶˣֻԪ˵ֻдʦֵ˲¹ؿ֮ˣʸŋָأ
һ޺۹ӵĴ״ӣĻԪҲߣҪԪõĹؿѾѣοǻԪλʦõĹؿ
ʦֵˣÿ˲һأĹءŋˣһؿĻᣬûŋˣֻҪĵؿܵõʦԴŋҲԽŋָأԪЦ
ԣ˾ϲҲ˷ϲˣȻЩûŋˣˣЩѾõŋˡ
ǰЩŋ˿²ƽɣһѪŵĵӺȻڡ
ǰȷʵƽ˸Ÿ͡
ƽԪĪǣͱһҲûУ
ԣղ˵ƽ˺ʶȤı졣
ǿǵʯ𣿡Ԫ˵õĵؿʯ桭ʯźÿ˶õһöƣ˭ֲȥĻƣᱻԶͳ
΢٣˵ӵŋ˵ƣΣһβᱻͳֻᱻ͵һأҲ˵ǿΪѵһأ⣬ÿͨһأлԵõʦʯıȻЩֻԵ֮˲ܵõǵ˭Եˣֻܿǵˡ
ԣ˴ϲ޺۹µıԲ
ʱʯſ׼ʱֻаʱԪֵˣŋִᣬ߲μӣϣǵû˿Ϊ
ҶĿһţ޺۹Ҳֲϵʥͼ֪ʥͼǿߣڻԪˣ͸ܷˡ
ˣȥ׼ɡԪ˰֡
ԣһɢȥһ䳤ȴʯſ
ҶûߣǾ䳤ϵȴš

ͬʱ䳡֮ĳУǸŮӾȻҲŋ־ի壡
ŮǰиİµĿ꣬ĳȻ˾мơ
㣬¥ʥôҲ֪ͨһЦ
أλͣʱ䲻̫ŮһЦ
˾ĿһλӦʲôҪ°ɣ
Ůӵ˵ͷ
㣬ʲô˾ʵ
ɱˣŮЦ
ͷԶֵˣزʲôͨˡ˾Ŀһ
ܳӦ˵ŮһЦ
˾üһʱûвµŮ˵˭
Ҷ壬Ӧ˵ɣŮЦ
ԭ˾ЦԴӴ˴ضųкܶڴ⣬ܺãоԺʱû˸Ҷ֪ΪҪɱ
ֻҪɱУԭ򣬲֪ġŮ˵
˾ص˵ͷ
һȥɱǺҸıˣ֪ΪʲôŮЦʵ
˾ҡͷ
ΪҶϾҪȥǸǧѷĺûᣬ˾̫ϧˣǧҪýʧŮɫ
ģ˾طǳš
ܴضųԲ򵥣͸ԷһŮ˵
˾صͷ

ŮӷԸ˾ȥɱҶ֮ʱ䳡֮ĳУҲһɱҶ£ξѩˡ
ξ֮⣬һƽ׵ӣҲ֪˭
壬Сӷһֻ֣Բ̫ף
ٺ٣ĺˣʱұ֤ξһЦ
СǹȻŵԸϻ϶ᴦǡұΪ粻Ըˣû뵽޺۹ӾȻôһᣡѩЦ
֡תͷǴŻƽ׵ӣξЦټ½ϵܣӣ
½Ĵ֮һ½ҵ콾½壬Ҳͳ죡
ץ֮ô䣿½Ц
һһݣξѩͬʱЦ
ȻСмض֮ɱܵסɱû˵ôס½˵
ٺ٣ĺˣʱ϶ӲǵģξһЦ
ã½һЦ

䳡ϵȴʯſҶ壬֪Ҫɱ¡
û뵽˶ˣȻɫղүȻܲãȴеţʵξǻҪǿ
Ҷ嵱ȻСţٺʨ٣ܸоţٺʨٵΪԶԶߣڣпѾԲ
ȻȻţٺʨ⣬ĵˣлĻԲ׷Źˡ˱ħţͻƽͷʨҲ˿壡
ȻţʨٱˣأջԳһҲӦûȻֵ˵ţʨٱţٺʨ١
ջԳһҶĿһҲ޽һ
ջԳʨٱͣĻʨٱ˿϶ԴȻһЦ
Ҷ˲ɻĪǣʨٺţٻ


392 ʯ
Ĵ嵱У˵츳һոճʱ򣬾Ѿ¾ԲȻɫ
Ҷ˰˵ֻӻ죡
֪УҶ˵Ľ̸ʱܿȥˡ
ĵ½ϵ䳡
Ѿ룬Ԫڣ
ո˵һ֣һЦͻȻĻǻûŋִôǰʼˣ
ɫ䣬ͬʱĿȥӰԶ䳡֮ϡ
ʦˣҶɫһ䡣
˾Ȼǲʦ˲ʦ֮⣬һĸߴ꣬곤䣬ȲעˣıһѺ񱳵ء
а̵ˣ
ΧԲˣ
֣
һȺ˰ѲʦͿΧɱڡ
ŋ־ի壬Īǣƻ޺۹ӵĹزɣʦһЦ˿塣
ߣа̵ˣʲôغýģһ
ֲ㶨ģ޺۹𣿡ʦЦ
ߣ˵ʲôҲ뿪Ц
ʦûЩˣ̧ͷ׿ŻԪЦ޺۹ٿŋִ֮ǰӦû˵׼Ҿа̵˲μӰɣ
ûСԪ
޺۹˵ŋ־ի֮ϣ˭Ҳ׼֣˵ûɣʦֵ
ûԪش
ȻˣӦÿԽȥɣʦŲԶʯš
ԣԪڡ

ȫȻ˭Ҳû뵽ԪȻʦʯš
ǰŮǾа̵ˣȥ鼤ߵ˵
ûԲа̵аȥ˽Ÿ͡
ԪĪǣôˣа̵𣿼Ȼа̵ˣȻҲҪʤǣ
ԣͬʱɫ䡣
ˣµΪֹԪʯŰɣ
¡¡ʯŻ򿪣籡ϼ⡣
ಡ
ȿֺĳʯŵС
Ҳߣ
Ҷ˽Ҳʯš
ʯ֮ƣֻܿʮ֮ڵ
Ҷ忴ǰֻǰƾճһɫƣƣӦþǻԪ˵ĴƣûŋֻҪ飬ͻᱻͳȥŋˣᱻ͵һؿ
סƣҶĿĹˣ˸Ͳߡ
ĪǱͽˣȫɢˡҶ
һصĳڿκεطֻҪҵڣܽһءԪصƬؼ䡣
ڡҶüͷĿĹˣطôҪҵڣѶȼ
Ҹһʾóϵ󷨣Ϊؾ󡭡Ԫٴλص
ؾ󣡡Ҷɫ䣬ԪĻʲô˼
˺һҶҲûȻԲٶ룬ԶȥϾֻ룬ǾҲ𰸵ģ𰸿϶ƬصУһңҵ𰸡
һʼʱҶڷԲʮ˿һЩߵʯ֮⣬ʲôҲûз֡
طΪʲôôʯңЩʯȻ֣ĪǣЩʯͳйءҶһʯͷ
䣬ҶԶһΣķΧɣٺǧɣ
ڣŨпһɫӰӰʮߣһš
ˣҶһ߶¥֮׷ȥ
ǰǸɫӰܵ÷ǳ죬ȻҶӵ¥֮Ȼû׷
Ҷüһʱ죬۳ɼʸһǰĻɫӰ

ǰĻɫӰûбܿʸıϣʸǿȻŻɫӰǰʮɡ
Ҷ߶¥֮һ˹ȥڿɫӰˡ
ɫӰȻһʯγɵľˣ
ǡ󷨣Ҷɫһ䣺ؾ󣡡
²⣬ǰʯˣӦǴؾԪγɵġ
Ԫ˵һصĳںʹؾйأĪǣڵλúʯйأ
뵽ҶϸĴʯˡ
Ȼʯ͵ıһȭҶͷ­ȭХ𵴣
Ҷɫһ䣬æ߶¥֮ƿʯ˶ʱһȭաǻûҶ巴Ӧʯٴηץ˹ָӲ˺ѿ쳹
ΣͷҶͷһٴ۳ɼʸһʯ˵֮ϡ
ʯ˵ƶʱըʯɽ
˽ľ룬ʯ˵ǿӲҲֵסʸĹ
һ䱬ʯ˵֮Ҷʯˣľһնʯ˵ͷ­һʯ˵ͷ­ն룬һŻɫĹâѿͷ­зɳ
Ҷ̧ͷһɫâоȻһƬƤ
ͼҶץסƤ
ƤϻźܶԲȦԲȦд֣УһЩԲȦ֮䱻һ·ƤֻһС飬·߲
ƤϵԲȦҶȻ򣺡ЩֵʯӦ·꣬ƤϵԲȦӦþЩʯ
׻Ԫʾʲô˼ˡֻҵʯˣҵͼҵڣҶĿһ
뵽Ҷ岻ٳɣ¥֮һ񣬷Զȥ
ո뿪ûãһֱҶնɱʯߡ
ʦ
귭ƣһźɫӣâ˸
ֻиӦʦŻᷢ⣬ɱʯ˵ʦԲдǲȷϾνʦкܶࡣ
꣬˾أ
˵նһֻ֣ôӦú߲࣬ǿ˾صͷе飬ʮϣ˵Բ͡νʦУˣʮʮ֮һĻᣬֵȥһ
ϣҵҲʡȥطҡٺ٣ôϣȻμҲ֪޴̡
˾һЦҶȥķȥɹĵط÷졣



393 ϸռ
ҶŨʯ˵䣬Ѿ˰ʱȻһ
ĸһңҶȻڣйĸ˵İæ϶̵ʱҵʯˡ
УطܹŹ֣ǳﲻ㣬鷳ĸɫ
Ҷ循ɣûиоطʲôŹ֮
û´طӦĳǿߵϸռ䣬һǳȥ϶ᱻ֣ǽлԪ˵׼߽һǱ¶ˣ϶ᱻȡʸ񣡡ĸ͵
ϸռ䣿Ҷɫ䣬ǰû˵ϸռ䡣
ֻ߲ܿٳԼϸֻֻؾ߲ϸһƬСأһƬĿռ䣬طӦþĳǿ߹һϸռ䡣ĸ͵
Ҷ嶯ݣֶΣʵھˣ
룬ϸռӦ޺۹ӹģΪƬռǳȶֻͨؾ߸ĸ˵
㲻ܳΪʲô˵ҶȻһ
ĸһЦҲ֪Ǳ˵ϸռ䣬ģô󣬶ʱڣĵӦҲ㣬ֻҪҵ֮ǰռеĵͼӦò¡
ҶεҡҡͷֹԲףĸħŮҲǳס
ֻܿԼˡ
ҶԶȥѰʯ˵䡣
ÿɳȥԶкȻƮ÷꣬ɷǺÿ
÷֣Ҷɫ䣬Ī˾ˣ
ӦþҶɣһЦ÷д
˾飡ҶĿһЦʱ֮ǰƺԱ
˾ء÷߳һ̤꣬÷ӭƮƮѡ
˾ҵˣҶĿһ
룬˾֮⣬Ӧû÷֡˾һЦ㻹ûлشҵ⡣
֪ҶʲôҶЦ
Ҳʶȴ˵Ĵ˾Ц
ҶֻһСˣû뵽ȻϵҶһЦ
ԴŴض߳һͲСˡ˾Ц
ĪҲΪҵõضĴУԲңҶһ
֪ڸɵУ˸Ļ֮⣬˭Ļ񣿡˾Цʵ
ȻŵĻ񣡡ҶһЦ
˾ЦҡҡͷˣҶĻ񣬸֮ԶҶĻ񣬾ǲµϴˣ֪Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҶЦʵ
ϴˣǻ˵õеĻ᣿˾Ц
ҶȻܵõһĶԴⱲûа׻ˡҶЦ
˵ûˣҲӦĿˡ
δ䣬˾ѾһӰɱҶǰʳָָһƬ÷꣬Ҷüġ
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˾һĨ֮ɫ÷ʸһʸķġ
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˾شһӣǧ÷ţ÷׷Ҷȥ
ǰҶͷһİɢȥʱѾʧ
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˾صʧ÷дţ÷ɢһǿʶɨ˷
ܿ죬˾صʶ̽鵽Ҷ䣬Ѱס˾صǧ÷ʸһ㣬Ҷڷȥ

ǰҶо˾صϢϱƽɫһ䡣
˾صʵºξ£ڵΪʱ˾صĶ֡˦˾أڿܣ˾صٶҲ
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ಡ
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ƽδ˾أ㱻÷УһƬ÷Ѿǿοǳɰǧƽʱ飬촷ۡ
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ƽ˸ֶԸ˾أͱ÷ն롣
նɱƽ֮˾̧ͷҶߵķ¶Ц֮ɫһһʮ֮ѾʧӰ٣ֻһ÷γɵĽӡ
ûã˾غȻͣǰŨ۳һţγһ޴壬纣һƯŨγɵ֮ϣʣҫҫԡ
Ϊƾ󷨾ܺһս𣿡˾ؼЦ
ô㲻ҽ𣿡ҶһЦ
˾һЦŨγɵ嵱С
ŨС
˾ͷųʶҶ䣬ȻԾǣʶȻյ󷨵ĸţ޷̽鵽Ҷ䡣
е˼˾زŭЦͥŲŨţĻʲôΣա
ھԵʵǰһıƶһ
ȻǰӵоԵʵȻҶǰӵоԵʵ
㲻ǵõΪʲôʹǡ츳ûѧľѧ˾Ц
û˻شĻû⣬ЦܻŴضϿ϶֪ǵʲô
Ҷ廹ûпڡ
ôҷ㣬㲻˵˾ЦȻôµĻΪʲôߣ
ಣ
ͻȻһ֧ʸŨֱ˾صüĶȥƿ쳹졣
ߣ˾Цץ˼ʸֱ÷°
һ̣ʸϵɲǣɫȻһ䣬ּæһҲæ˹ȥ
ӵɲǣವһʸ˹ȥ
ԭڸղţסƵ÷Ȼʸ䴩ˣҼʸѾƤ⵱УҪּʱһѾʸˡ
ʵ˾ɫһ䣬ǰҶҲһһûһǿ


394 ս
Ҷȷʵʵǰ˾سֵʱûаѰȫӳ֮һĻΪ˸ղһΪղһ˵˾أϧȴ˾ض˹ȥ
ղһȷʵ˵ңΪ㻹еڶλ𣿡˾ɨܣ˵
ûлᣬɲ˵㡭Ҷڿڡ
˾ĿһͻȻȥ
ոճȥһ֧ʸŨмֱüĶȥ
ߣ˾һһץָͻȻŷ÷꣬ʸʸ˲䱻÷顣
˾е÷ͻȻ۳һѳǹֻһѳǹ˳ȥವһǹƿŨȥ硣
ŨҶ忴ǹһˣ˲ûŨУǹһաͬʱ˾һֽס˳ǹǹһ÷Ưߡ
ΪҾκβ𣿡˾ЦһǬâէһ˻ɫĴȻС
ս죬ԷʦͷҵҪͷˣʲô󣿡˾һӶս죬սӭչ죬ϯ˷
ķҶͷķĶʱȼ
ŨҶɫ䣬û˾ؾȻרŶԸʦı
רŶԸʦıʵ̫٣ƵѶҲǳ¥ʥӵֱˣᳬʮ˾ֻ˾ҵһСѣȻӵֱʵҶԾ
Ҷ循֮ʱߵŨɢȥ˵󷨼ƣ
Ӳ˵ģȰòҪӡ
˾Ҷǰ
˭˵ҪˣҶһЦ
ѵ𣿡˾Цʵ
˭˵һҲ˵ҶһЦ
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˫ֺ˫ʱ֮ʱ䣬ҹ޺۹
ȷʵԱȼӵ˫ֺ˫ˣԪ˵ͷ

ҹ֮ҶȻᣬһĻ޺۹ӵɫ䣬ԪȴѾ𾪲ѡ
ܺϮ֮ҹ˵츳ʵ𾪡ֱʱ޺۹ӺͻԪʶȫ͹Ҷ塣
ֹһһҹҶϵıڻڻȻ£ջƾ賬ǿ־ȫڻʱĵֲһȫ
ת˲֮䣬Ƥͱ˻ɫоڵʱű

Ҷ̲סһ
һ֮ҶѾøɱһ߸ʬ
֮ҶֻʣƤͷڵľѪѾȼ
֮ҶѾʧһʬ
޺۹ӶΪҶѾ޷ȥˣǾʱҶڵȻɢȥ
֮࣬Ҳͦȥˣ
һ֮Ҷľͬ˷ԪϯҶڡûãҶԭɱָʱ֮Ѿȣ̥һ㡣
ҹ
޺۹ɫһ䣬Ⱦɡ
ҹҾԲˣԪ𾪵ԼӸ
ڻԪ֮ɫҶѾȪУҪ֮ĵڶֱ仯
ˮʱᣬʱգʱ޿ײ룬ʱ޼᲻ݣ
ΪλˮҶԼãֻҪҵ𰸣ܳɹ֮ĵڶֱ仯
ƽΪﵽʲô״̬ʱ򣬿ΪˮҶƣȪѰȪıʣ
뾲״̬Ȫ˼š
һ֮кȻէ٣ӣﵽĳ״̬ʱ򣬾ͿԲˮԪ
ʼϳԣ𽥽ͬʱ
ǧεĳ֮ˮԪ
¡
ҶߵԪͬʱٴ˺壬ٴα˱ˣ
һΣͬҹĺ壬ҹ˿ڶŽ
һ䡢ڶ֮ͻƵڣʵ
ʦΪʲôд¾һˣȷʵ˾һŵõҪĶԪһЦ
޺۹Ц


399 ĵڶ
ںҶȥ
ûãҶ߹â뵵ͨ˵ڶء
ڶڵĵطľï࣬ϵǻˮһӡ
ǵڶ𣿸ôͨڶأҶ
ֻҪսʤԼܴһءһЦ֪Ӻδ
Ҷɫ䣬ʾ𣿲õڶصˣӦ޺۹ӵᣬõĹؿʲô
ɻҶ峯ȥĴš
ʱ֮ͻȻ֣ԼȻֻصԭأ
ô£Īط᲼˻󣿿ôоҶɫ䡣
⸽ȷʵл󣬾ҲƽⲻˣĸȻҶ塣
Ҷɫ䣬ĸƽⲻ˵󷨣ԼҲƽⲻˡ
طܹ죬󷨣ֻ㿴ѣңҲֻܿһֶѣĸòҪߣɱˡ
ǣҴԭصĻԶ뿪Ҷ˵
ħˮɸ˵Ҷ屳ȻֳģĵУһһһ
ˣ
Ҷɫ䣬æתһһཻҶŵŵźǹշ˼תǰʮ֮⡣
ԼˣҶͫһ𾪲ѡ
ǹˣȻһģһ
㾿˭ΪʲôҳһģһҶһֵ
㾿˭ΪʲôҳһģһٵҶҲͬı飬˵ͬĻǾͺһ
ߣװŪҶЦ
ߣװŪٵҶͬЦ
ҵҪ㾿ǲĺһģһ
ҶߣͻȻŵضһնٵҶ壬õ˽׾ŽĽ֮۳һ佣ٵҶȥ
ҵҪ㾿ǲĺһģһ
ٵҶͬһȻҲʹ˱֮Ҷ塣
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˾Ȼʤ
ҶЦʹ˽׾Žɱ˼ٵҶ壬ƾˡ
ٵҶͬЦȻʹͬĽҶ弤ս
˴սɱ˸߿գִӿɱֵУ֮ʱǰнʹ˳˭Ҳ޷κζԷ
ڣҶʹ󷨣ͼɱٵҶ塣һҶʧˣٵҶȻҲʹͬ󷨡
ԹԹٴս
裬˷ľĻУ˲仯촷ۡ
̫󷨡
Ҷʹõȫһ˭ҲռϷ磡
ս֮ҶͻȻͷų˻ûѹٵҶ塣һΣͬʧˣٵҶȻҲͷų˻
¡
ͻײʮɸߵˣ𶯡
ҶͬʱƺһɳʮɲסΣסκǱ˴˿ŶԷͷų֮֮ҵײһ𣬱ǧ貵Ĺ⻪
ԶԶȥȫ֮ǱĶȫɴ
ս쳣ңҶǿĵˣʹʲôֶΣԷҲʹֶͬΣҲκȡʤİ취

Ҷ彻ֵʱ޺۹ӺͻԪһĻйۿҶս
ôܣ˻֮⣬Ȼеڶ֣Ԫͣоһ
˼顭޺۹Ҳ𾪡
ʦǾʲô֣Ԫ޺۹ӡ
Ҳûм޺۹ü
Ԫľʦûĵ֣ôܣ
סϢĸʦֵ֮ܺ⣬׼֪˫֣޺۹ɫ
ԪɫȻĵ˵ͷȻ֪´ȥʲôӰ졣һҶӵ˫֣ͬʱӵлй¶Ҷ弸ɡ
а̺Բ׷ŹҶ壬ֻؾܣҲδػŹҶ壡

Ҷ岢֪һУ˿̣ںͼٵҶ弤սδֳʤ
ڣҶͷųһ壬һŻɫ̫һźɫ̫ƾ졣
ͬٵҶȻҲͷųһģһ󣬺ҶӲӲһ죬ҶͬʱһѪɶ׹ڵء
ô£ΪʲôһģһҶֳӣ̧ͷŲԶļҶ壬ԶļҶͬĶҲ̧ͷҶ壬Ҳ˵˺ҶһĻ
ҶԽ𾪣ֶ֣ûӮϣ
һУΪ㴥ĳ󷨣ħˮɺȻҶ塣
󷨡Ҷһһٵ󷨣Ǿܻǣʲôط֪󣿡
ʱѡ
ԼҲʦ뿴벼óƵ󷨣ôħˮɴ
ûᣬһôҶĿһ˼
ûмٵҶ壬˼ֵˣԶļҶͬˣҲ˼
˵ֻսʤԼͨһأȻô˵ˣ˵ȷʵйصİ취ҶսʤԼƵ󷨣ǹصİ취һ
սʤԼ󣿡Ҷͷüͷ
˼ʱȻע⵽˵ϻˮ֮ڵԼ
ˮҶͻȻ뵽ʲô
ôĪ뵽ʲô취ħˮɴʵ
㷢ûУ֮ǰҺֵʱõʽһģһҶ˵ҳ󷨵ʱȫýԸңΪʲôã
ħˮɲ⡣
ãͲãҶĿһ˵㿴ϵĻˮûУҿڻˮ濴Լֵʱ򣬻ˮҲ֣ҡͷʱˮҲˡ
ͺվһħˮɴ
û롭˵սʤԼӦǸӣҶ崫սʤԼʱǿܻ֣ͬܶΪҲض֮ǿͺңôʲôʲôұǿҲǿ
˼˵õ󷨾ͺһһֱں;㽻֣ħˮɴ
ûҶ崫ֻҪҵһ桮ӡǾͨһأ
ǡʲôطħˮʵ
ղҸֵʱʲôط֣ģңԣҪҵľ޴ڣҶ崫
޴ڣħˮһ
ҶȻһŲǰĻˮУת֮ѻˮˣû˻ˮĵӰҲͲˣţͷų֮ϯ˷ΧϵĻˮ˲䱻ɴ
ͬʱٵҶȻƾʧ
ĻˮҪҵľӣҶһЦ
ӡָճҶƾճģɢȥʱѾ͵ȥˡ


400 ͬ
أؼߣɫĴϣÿһξһѷ죬ѷҽࣷš
طһ˼
ص󷨣޺۹ӵĵڶӵóϵ󷨣ط֮Իǳֱʡ
ҶڻȵĴϣ֪ظô֮⣬صӦò٣֪᲻˾أ
˾أնɱ˾أҲҪ˾ظۡ
زֻлҵˮˣҵ·һصؼ䡣
ףҶĿһ׵ѻ᲻Ҳһӣ
ȻɣҶ廹ֻܰյ׵ʾȥѰˮԴ
߶¥֮ԶȥӴأˮԴǹ˰ʱ˿֮⣬ˮҲûмˮԴˡ
ֹ˰ʱѰˮԴʱȻԶʯֵдһаЦٺ٣ʨ٣λͦµįģǣǲǸðοһį飿
ٺ٣Ǹðοţ٣ȣһаЦ
ʨٺ٣Ҷɫ΢䡣
ǿɲµįλȥŮ˰ɣһЦ
ԣҶɫһ䣺Ȼ
˵ˣȻǹȻ
ţٺʨ˵Ůģһ˭Ҷ߶¥֮˹ȥȻʨٺţٵĶ֣ȥȻһѡ
ʯ֣ҶϢһߵʯ񱳺󣬽Űͷ̽˳ȥֻǰʯĸˣʨٺţ٣һǹȻһȻȹĻƼѶ
ţٺʨһЦĴŹȻͻƼѶһ촽ǳ֮
ţ٣һɡʨٺȻЦ
ٺ٣ҾͲˣţٻȵĿδӹȻͻƼѶɨգĿͣ˻ƼѶϣСĽС磬۾ˮģȻɫȴζ⣬Ƥ͸죬ٺ٣ҺϲУȳֱͦһˬ
޳ܣƼѶŭȣɫס
ٺ٣˵ˣҲ޳ܣǷǳ޳ܣţаЦ
ٺ٣ţ٣޳ܵĻ±ȲңʨЦ
ǿδء磬ҲһСˣţЦ
ҾͲˣʨٴŹȻЦǰͷĸʨӻҪʮ
Ȼŭɫջ
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ȻͻƼѶˣһֻȻһᾡȫʨٱҲȫԸţ죬Ȼǿǲûߵϣ
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ʱʮźҵŮѹ·˯û¼޳ܣУʮʱ̣˲ʮŮ˵ҹ޳ܣʨƵ
Ȼɥүûˣ̾
ٺ٣ţٵЦ
ûûУʨٽʵ
һĻȻͻƼѶĿɿڴ˵ţٺʨٵġû뵽һġ˵ĻҪӺܶ౶
ʵ˵ЩȫֵһᣡӺܲмҡҡͷ
ߣֻ˵ʮ֮ǰ£ʮ֮ǵӺң˵»㣡ţߡ
ûղ˵£֪ʱģ㲻޳ܣʨЦҵ˵һ˵㾿ʲô޳ܵ£ȻҲˡ
ٺ٣¿ɾͶˣǴͷ˵˵Ҳ˵꣬ҾˡЦ
ٺ٣˵ѾȲ
ٺ٣ƽ£ֻԸλͬ˷˿ûʸ֪Щɸ¼ӱ˱ȻŮ
ٺ٣ǲˣţһЦ
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λŮˣҵŮˣȻûǵˣЦ
ţٺʨһۣ̾СӹȻ޳ܣ
ȻλŮˣҲȻҵŮӣȻҵŮˣȻӦҵķԸλ磬С˵Ķ԰ɣЦ
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̾ѾýЩɸ¼ˣλȷʵ޳ܣŮ˶ѣ¶£λΪŮˣȻҷʵ̫ҿˣ
ӵı飬پȻоԼЩ
޳ܵˣ֮ͬ⣬κ˷ϣλŲŮˣԶܸһ̨ףζ˵
˰
ţٺʨһۣ𾪡
ӳŹȻʹ˸ɫȻ΢䣬ɫǾԲǵġ
Ҷ磬𣿡Ȼʵ
¥֮׷ңߣҶ崫ͬʱȻЦ޹ص˸Ͻ߿Ҫҵˣ
СģȻҶ壬ŻƼѶתʯֵС
ţٺʨٲĳ׷ǿɲ뱻Ҷӣ
λҸĵطҪҵƽ¼ȫһ֪ѾǷ򸴺󣬸οǵõ֪Ҷп
ٺ٣֪иطܰǸط˿ѹ̹һƽʨЦ
̹ϡ̹ʲôҶ屳


401 
͵ʨٺţҶȥĳĵط̹ʱһЦӹȻ뿪ķû뵽Ȼ㣬ҶСôûһ𣿡
˵ˣǸŮӣ
㣡ȻľҲҶС
ţٺʨǸŮӵǴ˼ѪһһۣͻȻת˹ȥ
Ҷɫһ䣬æȥ
ܿ죬Ҷʯп˺͹Ȼ˵ˣ͹Ȼ˵ˣǲʦʦ߻һˣǵͲʦһŋ־ի󺺡
ٺ٣ǻԵûȻּˣʨ촽ЦĴŲʦ
ţҲˣţٸӿţˮˡ
ǰŋ־իʱʦǸʱǾѾڴʦˡ
λôңܳʦЦ
ٺ٣˹ɫֻҪǸ˾Ͳ᲻㣬޲ѹԶߣţЦ
˵ûһץ˼ôϷŹ˼ңʦЦλ벻֪˭
˭ţٺʨͬʱʵзǳŭȻǰͷռ˲ʦıˣһҪѴǧС
ǡʦ˹ȻЦλѣҶ壡Ҳˣ˵ǻл
Ҷ壡ţٺʨټס֡
ҶʲôطȻʦߵĴ󺺿ʲʦ
Ҳ֪Ӧ֪ÿ˶ᱻֿȻһЦ
ҶõУ˵ѣӦҲõ˲ٺôɣЦ
ҴûҶ˵ʲôУûеõʲôôȻЦ
гġ󺺡ҲǾаʮϵĵӣʦǾа̵ϣĥڻ
Ҫ֤ĻǼ٣ֻҪһһʥ̾ˣЦ
ҲȥأȻЦ
ȥȥɲ㣡һЦ
Ȼһ䡣
ٺ٣ŮȿϵģɲܸţٺȻЦ
ûŮȻǲҪˣҲܰװױ㡣ʨЦ
ҷҪ˴أɨţٺʨ١
ٺ٣ôǣǿɲᱻŵţЦ
ûű˻ԣǣ»ʸ񣡡ʨЦ
ߣЦȻĺ񱳵һţٺʨ˶ȥ
ţٺʨٵıֱֳħţӰͻƽͷʨӰ˵˲ļµĳ̶ȣѾԶԶԽͨԲߡ
ͬʱ֣Ԫһֻʨצһţǣ뵶ײը쳹졣
ٺ٣ţ٣аʮϵĵӵж汾£
ʨͻȻĻƽͷʨӰںϣһͷĻƽͷʨųȥϵëӭˡ
ߣЦź񱳵˹ȥ
䣡񱳵ͻƽͷʨצײ𻨷ɽغ
һһʨս񱩵ľ磬˷ʯƬƬĵ¡
Ҷɫ䣬ʨٲһ竣û츳ֶУƽͷʨһͰɨسˡ
ݵĳԾҶæȻߣ
ȻԵ˵ͷƼѶߵĺûᣬߣ
˵ţȻѾ𣬴ƿշߡ
ǾʱʦͻȻס˹Ȼȥ·Цڿɲߡ
ûûȷʵߣţ̧ͷŹȻٺٹЦ
Ȼʱ򣬺Ȼ˿ڣ͵컻գ
ˢһʦϵ·ȫʧ׻ȫǰ
ʦУҪλʯֵС
·ţټ׷ȥЦ
ԶԭںͳֵʨټæѳҲƴ׷ȥеҲ·
ԶʦļС
ߣҶûߣȻͻƼѶ
͵컻ա˵ھѨʱҲùУ˲ˣҶ壡
Ŀһ׷ȥ
ǰҶر׷ɫһ䡣
׷ǵǳ񣡡Ȼɫص˵
ǷͷߣҶ˵
ȻͻƼѶ˵㣬˵ɢ
ûȥ׷ȻͻƼѶ׷Ҷ壡
֪Ҷ壬ӳĳߣǰҶ壬Цһ
ǰҶɫ΢䣬漴ָƽЦҶ˭
ǰǲ鵽ѾΪҶڵĳϣ˵ľ͵컻գ룬Ӧð͵컻ս̸㣬ղõģ͵컻գԣһҶ壡Ц
ΣҶһЦ
н˵
˵ûеõʲôУ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ᣡЦ
ȻˣѾûʲô˵ˡҶ˵ţȻתͷһĻʸһȥ
񱳵һʸʱըĴ䣬ͬʱҲ
ҶûԶȥҪδʱͳƴһ
ⲢľѧĿһȫ׷ȥ
Ҷӵ¥֮ȻԲҲ޷׷Ҷ塣
ɲֻС
ȻһЦϺȻɫââɢȥ֮Ѿһ˫ɫѥӡ
ಡ
һӰ˸Ųƣٶ˲ı
Ҷתͷһɫһ䣬ѥӦƷ
ݾѩ˵㲻ֹһбΪʲôóЦ
Ҷ岢ǲóͨţû㹻Ԫʯ߶ͨţóҲûá


402 ǰδеΣ
ಣ
׷Ҷ壬һնҶļȥɱҶ壬ΪõС
ҶͻȻͷų˻ϯ˷ѳΪ˲ڡ
ôܣȻɫһ䡣
ҶץסԾһ˲䷢۳һɣȥ
ɫһ䣬æ񱳵ֵ
¡ں񱳵֮ϣƺһĺ˼
ҶûϢĻᣬٴѹ
ЦͻȻθ˼ɣһαͷĹ
ϵ֣Ҷɫ䡣
¡
Ҷ循ʱ򣬳̽צײγɵĺȻӲ˺ˣҲ֮Ѫ졣
ʮҲ̲ס̾ѹΪ϶ʮ֮һ᲻֪
뵽Ҷ֣ʮ֮һоþ޷ƽϢ
ѹסе𾪣ת֣ȫĹǽɢҫ۵ĹââɢȥȻְθ˼ɣȫɫëһˡ
аҵĵ֣һϵ֣ʮҲҵĶ֣ΪΪ̫ˣЦЦȳ֣Ϲ죬۳ɱצץҶͷ­ȥ
Ҷһץ˷Ļ֮ϯ֣ӭȥ
¡
ֺ֮ͱצͬʱ촷ۣ糱ϯ˷
ٴγ֣ɱԷ
ҶԻ֮ѹ񣬻ֲ֮ޱȣʹǿҲҪâ
ʮѹƵ˵ΪмǿĹǻΪ߳Ҷ࣬ȻκβҶ塣
䣡
˽ֵನķ˷ʯƬ£ɳ졣
õ֮սˣ֮ҲֲȻѻ֮˺͡ˣҶҲȫκβ˳
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ɱҶ󷨣ð񣬼ļʸƿ쳹졣
񱳵ɫͷײ˼ʸը춯أʸ촷ۡ
㲻ҵĶ֣н
Ц߶ϵЬӣʩչ٣ɱҶ壡
Ҷûѹס˳ΪٶȻҶ죬ģռϷ硣
Ҷ̫ѹ̫գأɢΰ
ҲʹĵѧֲףһʮɳĵգҪնѲ񷣬Ȼ
¡
εײֱʹ÷ԲڵԪҪߵһ
Ҷ屻ըನ˼ɫ԰ס
ڣҶľӽնɱ˳Ľһ̳˷Ļ֮ͳľϯȥһ֮ޱȡ
üܣʹҶĹȫա
Ҷ壬нɣЦ
ҶֻЦûж˵ʲô

սԶȻм˷˹ǡ˳񺰳Ļ
Ҷ壡һ⡣
ǲǰξԸҶˣ½壡
½ʵξҲͳ֮һ
½ߵˣÿ˵Ϣ½ҲŻƽףȻҲͳ죡
½֣ܵõУò˶꣬ļҵʵԻᳬԽѪźʥڡһŵЦ
Ĵ֮һҵһ콾
ûпԶаµģԶа;ԺһʱˣõµĴУ˵ĴΪһʥأһ¿ŵ˵
꣬Ĵ֮һ̼ҵϴ콾̻Ԫ
ڶԸҶ壬ǾԲץҶ壡˵˴ź£Щҵϴ콾껳
£˳Ҷͳڷȥ
ܿ죬˾ͿڽֵҶͳ
˭ȥס񣿡Ȼڡ
ȥ껳һЦ
½˵˵ͷҶɱȥ껳˳
ԭڽֵĳҶо˷ͬʱ֣ͣĿˡ
Ķң
ȳ֣ľͷŶɫ˺ƺƵӿȥ
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Ҷüһʱ죬ɽ壡

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Խȥ׵֮ԽֲǻԪԲߣҲᱻ촷ۣ
ͻȻ֮
Ҷɫ䣬Īǰоɣ


405 ս˾أ
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406 żƼѶ
˾ص˻ɱҵˣͷƺܴ󡣡Ҷ˼ʥ֮һµˣͷԲС
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407 ߵڰ
䣡
ĬͿȸٴν֣˾Ȼʤ
ȻһЦλȻΪ֣֮λѵ֪֮ٱǧĶ𣿡
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ô㻹뱻ιһ𣿡Ҷ¶޺Цݡ
ʦʶĺ˼ץԼ죬ĿҶ壬ɲҪ
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ʱȻЦҶУֵ²ŋزأλп֮飬ȥУ
СĬĿһҶ忴ȥ
֣˵˺ӵʶ»ӵӣЦ
Ĭɫ΢䣬ָܿƽΣĪкħҲɣ
ħǾһأǿȸҲδظ̤㡣
ǺǣȻ޾ӵӡһЦ
ħڻ״ӣҲ޾ӵӰɣĬһЦ
ʥ޾ˣһӵʲôʦȻЦ
λõģطİҶɱˣҲ֪׷
Ȼ˴ԶΪ֮˾Ȼξξ֮½ˣǹˡ
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аֵ֮£ǾԲġѪЦǴû˵Ҫа̵˺а̺ѣ
Ѧɫһ䡣


420 ֹ
ٺ٣˵û;а̺Ƕѣ
һЦ֣ɱ˷ľˣ
ͬʱѪĴǿ֣Ҳɱ£
ߣѦЦӰһ·ȥҪȥ£
һԿžУƾ˻ҵĶ֣˵ƽȴ˾ôɡ
ѦԵ˵ͷ
ľڣҶ忴޺۹ӣʵǰǰ°ɣ
֪ĸУ˭Ĺǿ𣿡޺۹Цʵ˵ĸˣȻָĴӡ
ѵǰҶĿһ
޺۹ӵ˵ͷĸ˵УӰٶ죬ħأսǿཻô꣬һûù
Ҷ嶯ݣȻ޺۹Ӷûù
˶˵ӰӰħΣӵ޽޺޳ԭһ֪Ϊʲôԭӵ֮ԱΪ޽Ϊû˼ĽħˮɵȻҶС
Ľ𣿡Ҷ
¡
Ҷ֮ʱĴϹ˹ľ˼
޽ղյǶĹȻûˡ޺۹
Ҷ岻Ϊ޺۹ӵ
Ȼ޺۹ɫ΢䣺ˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ĵ˭
˳޺۹ӵĿȥһߴɵĻƽ˴ԶƽߴƽѪͷųϯ˷ؼʱһƽ籩
˭Ҷɫ䡣
磬ĵӺͳҲŻƽˣ²⣬˭

Ѫ½ϵҲ˻ƽˣǵɫͬʱһ䡣
ƽˣȻ¥ʥ
ûгûѪ˳֣ŻƽˣĿһҲ֪ʲô

Ĵһˣٺ޺۹ӽ֣ͬʱ
Ѫ棬ôˣΪʲôôĻЦ
˵أĪҲΪСӣѪɫ
ǺǣĵǹʽҿɲܿǰץߣЦ
ԣѪͬʱɫ䡣
ʵȲĴӣҲ޼ӵСյ֡侪ˣԳֿȭסѪȫһ޺۹ӡº֣˭˸֮һս
аˣȫסӵСɻ֡˶ָ֣ǳ˵Ρ
Ѫ棬ĳôҲ¥ʥĳϣµΪֹΣһЦĿѪ桢½ˡɨ
ߣɱ¾ôˣѪδ棿ѪЦ
ץʹ˽ҹһƽͷʨһ㣿ƽͷʨĴЦ
û¾ܾʹ˽ҹħţĴҲЦһ
ĴҲͬ⣡½ϵͬ
˭ܸңҶΪΰѪɱˣԶѩ˵ˡ
ǰξսҶȣǹƽһսֻξˣҶ϶ѣ˵
ûҲ֤ѩ˵
Ҳ֤ȸһЦ
ٺ٣Ȼ죬ҲΪ֤Ц
Ϳȸͷ̫˵Ļ൱з
Ѫ棬Ȼǹƽһսۣ㻹ʲô˵˵
ѪЦ
ʣ֪ҶΪʲôҪѻƽͷʨһץ
ٺ٣ⰳ֪Цһ֮Σ˼Ҷ˹ˣ
ûҲ֤ȸЦ
һЦ˵ҶĶҶֻΪԱѣһҶ˶ˣ𣿡
Ļĳʱ㣡µڡ
˵ЦˣλԲֲˣ޺۹ӵЦӷľд
ߣĴߣֻҪСӰ˷ˣʱʹ˽ҹӽǾԲԳֶԸ
ЦЦ½ϵˣЦλӦҲİɣ
½骵ɫ࣬϶ȥˣ˵
λѾӦˡһЦ̧ͷԶգ˵֣䳤պ䳤ֵܾڸնħҪģǧҪǣ
ٺ٣ͷĺˣߣնħҲҡֵԶȥƺѾ뿪ˡ
֣ҶСֵܷųɣЦ
ವһľųһҶ壡
ģСҲ̫ǻˣȻǳôֻؾϹ֣Զƺпѡ
ߣɺ޵ļһʵ̫ûˣԶʦҧŻ߷߲ƽ
ҶСֵܣ˶˰ɡЦ
Ҷͷ˷ħһâӷħзɳ
ţ١ʨ١̫ӵαͷų
Щ˿Ҷ壬ŭɫ
ȻӦ׷£ƽͷʨĴЦԺ󲻻˶Ը
ٺ٣ģǼȻӦ㲻ԶԸ;Բ֣ǻڵСȥԸʱɾͲǵˣħţĴЦ
ѪĿһҲ˵ͬĻ
ǲֶԸҶ壬ȴҪеĺȥɱҶ壡
ϵ˳ֵĻĳ˱֤һɱŵˣ˵ȻûзԸʵǿ˶ԸҶ塣
ֵĻĳ˵Ļ˭ɳϵߣ˾ԲưոݣЦ
ɫ䣬º޺۹֣ҲҪɵ֡
ǷĺˣǾԲԶŵģ
ͬʱЦţٺʨ٣Լƿշߡ
ţѪ½ϵҲԼĵȥ
ǿ뿪һսĻ


߾ ʥ


421 ׺
ŋ־ի̴᷿硣
ѪߺҶͽȫصŋ־ի޺۹ӡǿ߽᷿֮ڡ
᲻ң¶Ҷ˵Ѫ˵Ѫµ߶ԸҶ塣
Ҷҡҡͷ֣ǰҪңΪʲôҪǰ
׾ͺá΢٣˵Ժ㲻ýǰҴˣ
һ˾ɫ䣬ҶɫҲˡ
ԺͻΪʲôģҴ磬㲢ԿЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ǰҶСֵܱϾֻڶѣڵԸԪЩǵĿ¡
¿Ҷ屳ľһѪɫɱüķľ֮Сһ쳹᷿һǿϢľɢ
⿪ľķӡҿԴľˣħˮɵͻȻҶС
Ҷɫ䣬֪ԭղǰľħˮɵķӡǣΪʲô֪ľħˮɵĴڣ
Ľҵһɱ¾֮ΣյĻԴ߶ɱ¾֮Уľ˵ΪӦҲܰﵽ㣬Ը㣬ҲӦӦˣ˵
ľˣԪɫ䣬û뵽Ҷ屳ƽƽľȻӵжĿռ䣬ҿռȻһˡ
֣ȻˣȥһΣȻЦ
µ˵ͷ
Ҳд⣡޺۹һЦ
ಣಣಣ
ƾʧ
޺۹ߺҶֺͻԪһᣬ֮뿪᷿

˱᷿Ҷ˼ڵ᷿
Ҷʱ򣬼ʯ㷼̸ʲôҶˣʯ㷼Ц㣬ˡ
ǰʱ򣬳ƼΪ㡱˺ȴΪС㡱
ʯ㷼ߺ󣬼̧ͷҶ壬ʵ㲻𣿡
Ҷһ㶣һЦڼԱ£˵ֻҪ˾ҵȻҲ⡣
ĴѪ֣ټ塭ǣȻЦó
ҲǣǾͻŹ𣿡Ҷ巴ʡ
ĬˣȷʵҶ岻ɱξɱ˳̻ԪˣԷҲŹΪҶ󴫳УлŋִУ޼֮׷
ʲô㣿
ģֻҪѪԳҾͲ¡Ҷ廰һתЦҪ㣡
ң΢䡣
Ҷͷŋֵ˸ȡݸ˼⡣
ǡסɻĿҶ塣
Ҷ嵱ŋֵ˵ľ˼⣬ҶĻͷе骵Īŋֵҵˡ
䣬Լüģʱɢ貵Ĺâ䡣
ãâȻˣ
һѣâէһκҴСɫѪҺԼһűɫСӺȻ֡
ɫѪΣҶɫ䣺ǡϢ
ŋֵ˾ǵҪѪˣҸαѪû뵽һΣԶаЦȻҶС
Ҷɫ䣬üѵͫΪͫʹ֮˵
Ѿֹˣ
ಣѪͻȻ˼üģͫ׽˰ɫһɿֲϢϯ
Ҷɫ䣬ÿµ֪Ѿʼѵͫ
ΪûѪԼ޷ѳɹһɹĻᾡܲǰٷ֮٣ȴҲѾ޽ӽһѵֻͫؾҲҪɵ
ͫѵʱ䣬ʱ
ͫɰɫ𽥱˺ɫڻָƽ
û°ɣҶʵ
˵ͷ̧ͷƯڰеıɫӣ˵в׺顭ҼҵĶ
Ҷûʣϸš
ŋֵҼҵ桭Ѿȥ꣬ŋָֻĲлѣ֮Բл겻ɢΪŵˣΪصѡʺϵĴˣ˵
ŵʲôˣҶʵ
ҡͷû˵
Ҷüʲôµŋص䣿
ɻ֮ʱȻڣҸҪ׺飡
ԣҶɫһ䣬ҡͷ׺ĶҲã
׺㲻ҪĻҲҪ˵
Ӧ֪ϵıܶ࣡ҶЦ
˵ȥĻǾԲջģɫǳǿơ
ҶҲǿһЩջˣεĵ˵ͷ
һӣ׺鱻һ󾢷Ҷ壬Ҷֽס׺飬׺ȻУʧӰ١
׺Ա仯κһԣ˵
ҶϿʼԣһ׺鸡ģŻһѱɫı
ٴһ׺Ȼ˱ɫ䵶ţ׺鲻ϱ仯ǳꪣǳìǶƣҶ뵽ģ׺鶼ܱ仯
գҶһѲ׺һѹţüͷųͷͷģܿݻһ֧
ϲ׺ĹжǿҶ岻뵽
֮⣬׺黹Ա仯սסֵ
ԣҶֿʼԣ׺ģâɢȥһɫսѾϡ
ڵΪϲ׺սףӦܵסߵĹ˵
Ҷɫ䣬֪ϵ׷ǳӲȴû뵽ȻܵסߵĹ
ɹصġ׺顱һ޼֮似ҲԸ⡣
˲׺飬ߣҲԱ֮΢٣ʵʲôʱشҶڣ
شҶҶһЦ
Ҷɻ



422 ʥ
һҶ塢⡢ͬʱ뿪ŋ־ի
ܿ죬Ǿͻص˴Ҷڣ;УҶйشҶ¸˼ˡ
Ҷڣ򽣸
ҶҪȥӵˣӵ˵֪֮󣬶Ҷһȥ򡣲Ҷ岢ûдӦǣм⡢ħˮɡȥ͹ˡ
ӵ˼ҶѾ˾ֻգοҶҲҪǿء
֮󣬾Ҷ˳ʱ䡣
֮Ҫٵ죬ΪҶ뻨ʱ俴һŋص䡣
صҶϣɫȡ˳


ȿǵһƪ
Ὺƪдţ֮ԣ𣬾лϵˮˮϵ
ǧ֣ȫڽΪ͵ķǳϸҶȻʣ
ڹ֮Ҷ¿дţʮɱ¾ʮǿѹƵΪ֮
ʮ֮⣬ϻǿǧ֣Ҷû
Ҷ𾪣׫д֮˶˽ʵ̫͸ˣĪ
סҶֿȥдţ֮󣬿ɺ£ܾ죡
£дţһأڶأ壬أţأΣء
أΣҶĿһ
ΪΣ
нͣ򻯷񣬻򻯾ͻ򻯷ΪΣ
ΡҲ˵ֻأ۳ԼҶ
ʱ򣬽ıδֻ˶ѣͨ˸ͱ
ͨߣֻеܷǧԶʱ򣬲Σʮ˰ɼɣҶžϵݣ
ĿǰҶĻֻʮɣ˰ʵ̫ңԶˡ
֪ʲôʱ۳ԼҶžϵݡ
ͻȻֹŤҶһ֮£ʱͷĿѣɫ䣬æƿĿ⣬ѹ
ݣڵΪˡ


ҶѾ򿪵ڶῪڶʦƪ
Ὺƪдţ䣬֮УΪ֣֮ˣǿڳˣҶԪĸӦ֮Ҳڳˡ
ͷԪģԴ˷Ϊ֮һɣΪʦ
Զ˹شƣޣɽ¸
ʦشƣ
شơҶֵ˲١
ͬģΪ޷¿


ֻչƪ
ῪƪдţأСأеҲ
ˡء֡ҶҲɻ
ȥֻдţңԶ֮ص˵ʤʮϧ̾ϷԵ֤廰֮α

Ҷɫ䣬ɲѣ׫дƪ˵ʲôУ˵ңԶ֮ʲôط⣬˵ʲô壿
ɻ󣬿ϧ׫д֮޷Ϊ
ҡҡͷ⣬ȥдţ𣬾лϵ֣ˮˮϵ֡˫ԣ˫֣˫壡
˫壡ҶĿһô˵Ӧ壡
ӵ֣ȻԳΪ壡
֪֮⣬û֣Ҷ
Ķ֣ϧ˫˫ټο
ƪҲ޷ȥˣΪ
Ҷᶼӡ
Ѿ֮һ͵ڶ䣬Ѿӡӡˮӡӡ

ʱĺܿ죬תۼ͹ȥˡ
Ҷ߳򽣸֮⣬ѾڷбϵҶ塣
ҶϷб֮󣬷бɹ򽣶ĳڣƿնȥ
бϣҶڼװϣֻתͷҶ壬ʵѴҶ˽ӵ¥ʥ𣿡
ҶЦŵ˵ͷȥ򣬲Ҫѿˬ˽ӵ¥ʥ򣬻Ҫ̫׽̵һˣ
˵а̵Ĺ˵̫׽̵ıˣа̵ĳ֮һɵˣͷԲС˵
ƽͷʨħţˣʲôµģҶһЦ
ϣбµɫ
˵ǡԺʦԺҶ忴ż⡣
ûлشҶ壬Ƿʵ֪ԺʦԺʲôط
Ҷҡҡͷ
ڵĵطʥ򣡡˵
ʥ򣿡Ҷɻ
ʥ޼½ģкüԺ;ԺĴ֪Ѫţһ˵
Ҷɫ䣬Ѫųɣһֲޱȵĳ
ɢ¥Ĵ塢ϵȡʥڵɣҲԼЩȫʥ򣡡ֵ
ʥ򣡡Ҷ̧ͷԶĵƽߣǾһʲôط
һʥأǿ˵޺۹ӵ껹ʦԺĵӣӰҲʥĳĵӣ˵
⣬ȥʥ𣿡Ҷʵ
ȥǼǰˡ⿴ǰ˵ڵٶȣȥʥĻҪһʱ䡣
ǵķбٶȼ죬󾳳ȫٷУ˿ٶȣȻҪһʱ䣬ʥ¥ʥ֮ʵںԶ
Ȼɸһķб¾ͿԵִʥ


423 

ڵΧڣֺ̫ܶ׽̡̡ˮĵӡ
ٺ٣ò˼죬ھͶǵˡУһ̫׽̵ĵЦ
ò˼죬Գ֣ܹڣһ̫׽̵ĵЦ
˵һɫˣϧѾЩ˴ˣĹڣҲûлһ̵ĵ̾
ٺ٣ǸŮʵ̫ˣΪֻҪϸЩߣǾͻŹڣһˮڵĵЦ
ǸŮȷʵ桭֪Щ󣬻ʲô³̵ĵ˵
ٺ٣ҿЩҲǿòŰߵģʶȤĻӦܻ˳˳ˮˮڵĵЦ
ǿϧ˶ҡҡͷ޸ôֵͷϣ
߰ɣĹڣȥˣǾͷֲκκôˣ
һЦȥ

ڣԭ᲻ɴݵҹųǼѾ棬ڵѾʧ
ԶǴҶ֮˿̴ҶϿվȻۼ˳ɰǧˣѪʢǰļˣȻ̫׽۵Ľ
ֵǣ˿۵ȴ̫׽Ϊףһɫۣɫ԰ף罩ʬ꣡
ͬʱ˿̵ĴҶȻѾķڱߣ˸Ҷ档
ľڵھͶ棡۹˵
ǱΪľͷ·ü佩ӲɳƵ˵˴Ů뿪֮ǰӦǸŮ˲Ըڣ˵Ҹô
ٺ٣ľǽӦŮˡľӦˡ̫׽Ц
˵еǽˣңȻǰѾӦڣȻʳԣľЦˣëȻĸо
ľʵӦ׾ٰɣЦʵ
Ӧͼóģʦľһ֮صСɣȻӵпԵסߵͼʵЩ˼
֣Ȼʯ˿µͼǰΧҹųǵʱΪʲôóֱӵ˴óͼ۲⡣
ҹųڵĸʯûҹųǡ
û뵽ڻܵô죡̵Ľ˵
ʲôԭ򶼲Ҫˡ̫׽˵ֻҪƿץסʯǾˣ
Ҫƿ󡭡ѣҪһ׼ʱ䣡ľ˵
ľ׼ǣʲôҪģܷԸǡЦ
ľԺ֣Ҫ
䣬ѾһԶС
ͬʱı󣬴ҶУɫ䣺ʲôĪƿ󷨣
˵ˣǳ
ߺȻǿˬĽʯ幺ʯˡ
ľ˵Ϊǰ˸׽ˣƿҪ׼ʯ˵
ľڵѾԹñˡһϵʯ˱
ʯʯ幵תˣɫ䡣
ʯ죬˿̵ʯͷ԰ףݲϣнľˡ
Ϊʲôʯˣʯɫ
ҵѾòˣҸʱҲ޼¡ʯĵ
ʯʯ幵˻˵ʯȻ˰֣ö˵ˡ
ʯʯ幵ٶԡ
ͼڻҰҵģǸطƲֹͼˬȻڡ
ߣǵõͼʱΪʲôϽţΪʲôǴȥҵͼĵطʯȣ¶ɱ
ˬδڣȻЦҪóͼѾ̫׽̵Ľ㲻мҲͰˣھȻָǣ㲻úܿЦ𣿡
һ֮ѣҲҸô˵ʯȡ
Ȼô֮ΪʲôҪ֮ĵطбµĻھͳȥЦ
ļ֣ʯŭһȭȥ
ͻȻˬһ絽ǰһȭӭȥһʯͿˬͬʱ˺
С֣Ȼһ֣
ʯɫ֣ʯȻһˣ㻹Ӳ𣿡
ԣʯһɨ˿ˬͳһۣε¶ɱ
ˬЦеˣɱʯΪԼĸףԼҶĸĸˣ
СֵܣҶֻһʱ嶯ѣϣ㲻Ҫ⡣ʯЦŶԿˬ˵
үģղʲôҲûзˬЦʯ幰˴Ҷܶ࣬ʯΪѡ
ʯ幸˵
¡
ҶͻȻ¡¡Ĵ˺쳹
ˬ˵ͷһ˺ѿĵطһֱ۰ִ٣צĴһ㡣
һЩʯѾһЩʯ飡

ҽ˷ûüܣţ
ʯ֮䣬ҶѾĿȫǣһ˼֪жڵĵӺʹҶ˱ٻɱ
ڴ֮δؾͻᰲȫľɳƽӲ紫
ľ˸ɵģ
ɫ䣬˲׹
ϰ˼ʯɫһ䣬漴侲ϷԸˡ
˵ͷæѻŵټܹǧˣ
ٺ٣ʯ죬ô꣬û뵽ͷӮ˻Ұɣ̫׽ЦȻ
㻹Ǻ͵һҺҹƽһսʯ켥Ц
Ǻǣܿܣֻںں̣̫׽Ц
ѵ㲻µ̫׽̵鷳𣿡ʯȻ˵
ٺ٣Ϲ˺ڸûκιϵеĻǰΧڣץ߹ūʱͳˣЦ
ʯһҧȻװԣ㲻һֱӱ𣿡
ΣװԵ紫
ɱӵȻѾӳ򣬿ѻǰѽȥŹ𣿡ʯ˵
һˬĽͳɫһ䡣


424 ľ
İǽһһװԵЦ紫
ʯشװԵĻʯһʯϣžһʯڵ㵹ɳȥ˵ϡ
ʯʯ˳ɫ
ҲɱˣòҪΪѣʯ˵
ȿȡʯ˼˵ٸҶ˵ϻĻ֣һ㣡
ʯҧҧٶ˵ʲô
ʱװԵЦִ˽ʯΣ㿼ǺûУ
װԣÿˣҰ˽ȥܣʯЦ
ߣƲԳԷƣװߡ
ಡ
ˬߵĵϣͻȻǧٸˬˣ
ľֳˡ
ʯͿˬͬʱ֣Χ˲䱻촷ۡ
ľɳƵЦˬ˶С
¡
һ죬еķıһľͷľ޸󣬳ſˬն£
ۿ˼޸նɱһͻȻϷһɫʯס˾޸ͻȻ־¿ˬ˵ˣʯ죡
ߣƾҲ뵲סңֱǲ
ľЦ޸͵ѹʯеʯȻ飬ţ޸նʯţʯתҵ֣ƤͻȻɫסɱһ
ವһʯ쵹Զڵ棬ɸߵɳ㡣
ͬʱľˡ̫׽桢۵˴Ӿ޸ѷ˽ӿˬˡ
ն
ľЦƯڰеɫ޸ƿննԶϵʯ죡
ʯѾˣվ޷㿪޸Ĺ
ಣಣಣಣಣ
ʯ֮⣬ʯ幡ʯʯսʯʯڵүȫͬʱӵʯǰͬʱ֣Ϲɫʯɳѹ޸

޸ݿ࣬жпɫʯʯնɱȥ
ʱһӰһһ˾޸֮ϣͷųӳ˾޸֮ϣ޸һ׹£ͷбб棬𶯲ֹ
ľ˵ɫ䣬ʯҲһ
֮ˣǿˬ
ЩˬѾͻƵ˻ԪѾǻԪڣǣΪľи㲻ʲôľ˵˸û
ڣľ˵벻סˬˡ
⾿ʲôľ˴׹ڵصľ޸ɲѡ
ľȥСӣװһЦſˬ
ľûֹ뿴ˬ
Сӣĳһƣ
װԴЦһˬ׵磬֣ˬȥ
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ҡҡͷ
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ʱҶ屧˯еСĪ뿪ʯݣʯݸ󷨣뷨󷨣ǵﲻ˰ѵ
ܿ죬Ҷˬ֮СĪĽ
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ѹ֮֮ǰʲô仯𣿡Ҷɫصʵ
ٺ٣ͷĺˣѹ֮ģȥ͵̾ƺȣȻЦ
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֮˻ںΪҶڰ·˼̫׽̵ĵӣ֪⵽ΧԣҶ塢˲һڡ
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Ҷ̾ȥʲôطȥɡ
ſˬĿһʵأ
ߺûþʧˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥʲôطˬ˵ЩҴүĶ˵ġ
ʧˡҶüŮ˾ԲԵ޹ʧ١
Ҷ壬ʯ׺ʯ˸ô죿ˬʵ
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Ҷɫ΢䣬ҰȻܵסľǵͼ
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ûãˬʹҶҰһǷĵçĹ֮С
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ǵͼ⸽ҵģ·ˣʮ˳ȥԺǾҲˬ˵


429 ʯе
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ΧסϷ򡭡󷨾ЩˣδؽȥһЦǰȥҶ

ʱ˺Ҷ˵ɫͬʱһ䣬ǰʬҰ룬ǹꪣָУббڵϣǺ˵ڵϡ
ǡսҶͬʱɫ䡣
ΪʲôսҶ循ɡ
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ٺ٣Ǿͱٳȥˣ
ɫˮɫת˲仯һħƵħˣıҶʥͼڼ鼸һģһ
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ڣҶΪѾѹƵ˻ԪڣѹƵ˻ԪԲǶħ˵Ϣȴǳǿߡ
ǰΪֻؾڶ˥򲻿ܰҵΪѹƵֵزɫ䡣
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ᣡҶɫ䡣
ٺ٣ĪǲɣЦ
ȷʵʺ϶ᡣħЦˣͻȻʧԭء
һ̣Ҷͬʱƾճһħˣ


430 Ԫ
ٺ٣ܳΪת֮Īң
Ҷ屳ħһЦһɫâҶԣҶֻоһѣΣͻȻʧȥƽ⣬˵ϡ
Ҷʶڣħ˵ԪѾʼᣡһħ˳ɹͬҶ꣬ĨȥҶļ䣬Ҷͻ᳹ȥҲᱻħռݡ
ͬʱԶںһħ˼ս
ٺ٣Ϊ󾳣ЩѶȣСֻڶѣʺҶᣡһħ˱Цֹ߳ˡ
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ͬʱ磬һħҲҽһʧԶɫˮУڳϵħԽԽ٣ѵơ
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˴ͣҲû뵽ôĶȻҶС
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ҶһЦȡᣬдԼԼӡӡ˾֮ϡ
ԶаͬҲӡӡ˾ϣԴˣ˵Լǩϣ
ٺ٣ֿˣ
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Ҷ˵ţͷһͬʱʧϸռ䵱Уħ˵Ԫɽϸռ䡣


431 
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ԶаҪʱܳҶûôʱȡħ˵ʬʥͼҶ˷ɳʯףս֮ȥ
ķģҶ忴˼Ϳˬ
ˬͼ⿴Ҷ尲ȫ˿
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ٺ٣ڵΪʲô³ԶɱЦ
Цˣû³ţҲԳɱ³

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ವһбƿշߣܿͻһڵ㡣
Ҷ忴Žʧķбòתſˬˣ˵磬ȥ¥ʥò˶Ҿͻȥǻϡ
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̫׽̿ҵץ߹ūҲ˵

һʱųǡ
ųڣ̫׽̵˻Ѿˣֻһĳǳء
Ҷ̫׽̵ı⣡
̫׽̵ı󷨷ӡѲҶ壬ܿ󷨾ͱҶƽ⡣ƽ󷨺Ҷ뱦⣬˳ɶѳɶѵԪʯͱҩ֮⣬вٹƯڰУоᣬ似
Ҷȱ似ҶĿһȻţ̫Щ似ÿûȥڵĵ
һ·ű߽ȥ;֮бȫҶʥͼ
ͻȻڱпһֱ۰ִһڰУһ˲뱦컨ϣųΪṩԪ
ܴ̺ԪǺԶҶҲܸоŨԪҶȱԪʯϲѣæʥͼ
֮ߣ;ֵõ˲似ʺ


432 ʥ
Ҷߵ⾡ͷʱ򣬱һǶѻƾɵսףһײƵĺɫսעɫս׷ǳƾɣҲĺۼҲ֪жʷ
֮ԻᱻΪսϸоһ޵Ľ⣡
Īս׵ǰǸֻ֣ߣս׵ǰһйһսսǸֵĽ⣿ҶߵսԱߣͷųסսס
ˣ
սײ˺ѿ֮ͭɫʱ¶ԭɫսһͭսףΪµĸʴֻԭ֮ͭ׵Ĺâסˡ
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벻ǣʥͼɲǣͭϵĽ⻺һͭдԭֵĴˡϷ⼴ɢˣȫ㡣
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ղŴҶ彣֮ˣ׼ȷ˵ӦǽʥĲǽʥ
޼Ԫʽʽ
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ã̽ҽԪ˲磬һ΢СԪкȻĽϣɢԪϢг͹𣬲ҳת
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ҶɫͻȻЩ԰ףʽƻǺܾˣĵԪȴҲͬˣղһڴԪ
ԪʽʮңʽΡҶ
ʱˡ
Ҷӿ˳ȥ
ų֮⣬ҶȡбŷбԶƿշȥ
ռĵͼҪȥĵط֮һѩ
ѩдͼ̨԰͵򣬻оƷбٶȼ죬֮ͿԵִճǣһִճǣʥͲԶˡ

ѩ򣬷Ա֮ԽѩΪ򼸺еطѩѩ
Ҷķбʻѩ򣬲ѩĳǳѩŮʻȥ
ѩŮǺҶ峯ȥѩܱΪ򡱣ȻǿߣҶȥס·ϴѩΪѩŮ
ҶִѩŮڵĴÿˣÿδܴ֮֮͡ÿγͼ̨ҪǧԪʯͨ߸ܲ
֪εûСҶš
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ˣֶһ£Уһ·ҾȻûӰ֮⣬Ȼûˣ㲻𣿡ҶЦ˵㾿˭
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󾳣Ҷɫ䣬ⲻ۵Ȼһǿߣ
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ץѩŮǵˣͲĹ𣿡ҶȻЦ
һҲûɱĹߣħţЦˡ


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ʱҶͻȻ˲׺齣ľʹˡ޼һУԪʽֻǻԪն
Ԫնʽ
Ԫն˳ʽ
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Ҷͫһֹ˼ǿҲû룬æת˫棬еֵһѾųߴն˫ֱ֮һ飬˫ͬʱַɳ
˫ֵɲǣųߴ󵶽նҶüģֲĵĻк˷


434 ս޵ͣ
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Ǹ֣ҷбƵģŮЦ


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ܽսʥھŲˣлΪֻؾǿߣ컯Ųȱţȱܽʥʮ㣬նɱʥľţֻ˲ܴ컯۷壡Цгȡ
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ЦУľâէһͤͤŮҶǰŮֻʮ꣬СϴŲõЦݣһеҩɢƢ
㡭ˮɣҶһ
ܹˣָԭӻҪܳʱ䡣ħˮЦ
ʲôΪҶʵ
Ըһ󾳳ڵӦûж⡣ħˮЦ
Ҷ岻ٶʣȡħˮɡħˮɽӹſ촽ֱӰȥʱɢĲҩ㣬ǽеϢ
˿ħˮɵĻ϶ħˮϳɽˡ
ߣȥһƷɴĽ׻϶Щʲô
ҶһЦ߳˷䣬ˮ˷ܵĸȥ˿̵δŮһ

״ܴǸֱԲδǶȭͷСıʯɢâ̻ԻͣõļݻĿиԲƽ̨Χƽ̨һȦȦΡ
˿̣󲿷ζѾˣһߴżɫ۵ƽ̨Щÿжһ첼ס̣ĶȻǳԵģǽ׻ἴ׵ı
Ҷˮ˸мλǰλѾǼǰȥҲѾûˡҶˮʱм˽ҲҶ岻ԶЩˣȻǰչԪĽѩˣ
״磬ǸŮߵˣĽѩҶһۣ԰չԪ˵
ʱùлĻ£һ˳ĿġչԪ
Ľѩ˵ͷ
ԶҶĽѩһۣü󾳣Ӧòǻˡ
ǿҲһô뿪ҶŻƲ⣬չԪ˲ǻˡ
ǻʥˡħˮЦʥĵӾĥԼ֮⣬ҲΪѰԼĻ
޼½жٸʥ򣿡ҶȻʵ
ֻؾͿԱΪʥ޼½ϵʥкܶ࣬¥ʥͰ˼ʥӦòʮħˮЦ޼½ǿʥʥﲻʥأҲ壡
Ҳȥʥ𣿡Ҷʵ
ȥǴα㱻ʦԺ˷ӡħˮ죬ûе˵һ죬ҪʦԺƷ
Ҷ巭˷ۣǿаҲ˵ƷʦԺȻҲ˼˵ڡ
ˣҿҪ㣬㵽ʥ򣬾ԲҪçײ컯ʥ֮һǽҲɱȥˣҪͷԷȴȥĻȲˣԼҪȥħˮɫ
ҶĬƬ̣˵ΣҲҪѰūȳ
ĿͻȻø޼᲻ݵĽ
ħˮεЦˣ֪˵ĻҶ϶ȥ
ʱҶȻħˮɵͷЦĺˣûоȳū֮ǰǲȥģ
ħˮɰҶһۣСӻѱﵱСˡ
컯˽٣ҶȻЦݣɫʵ
컯ŵĵȻԺʵȴѾԺ¡ħˮ˵˵컯ŵ컯죬컯ŵ⣬˭Ҳûнȥ컯ɵصģҲɵһɡ
Ժ컯֮⣬Ҳ֪𣿡Ҷʵ
ɣֱǱţħˮ˵ɵУֻˣûмҲ˽⡣
ҶĿһ
˵ӵ޼½һʦͷԷգħˮɫ
Īӵлϵ֣Ҷɫ΢䡣
ħˮɸ˵ƽ̨ϵߺȻЦϷν׵֣λԽҶϡ
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ٺ٣˭λӦɣʦԺĴӣһһսʥʮ㣬ɹնɱʥˣҶЦ
Ҷɫ䣬ȻʦԺĴӡ
ҶϣĪ似˺Ȼڡ
ٺ٣似ûУиĶҶЦ
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ҶϿһ꣬Ц򿪣
˵ͷϵĺ첼ƿϾȻһ
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ҶȴҡҡͷҪ߱˵·ѾԼ뾲ĻȤ
ĵ׼ǧƷԪʯÿμӼ۲ڰλҪĻ۰ɡҶЦ


438 
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۵ˣ󲿷ֶʥˣΪĻ˵ֱ޼֮չԪʥˣȻǶĻĶˣȴٳûгۡ
ڣǮеˡǧ򡱣һʥȻڣǧĸ߼ۣ֮û˼Ӽۣˡ
ҶһЦֵڶǻԱλ˭Ҫлϵֻ߻ϵǧҪȻλʦϵ󷨣ҲǧҪ
ҶһǻԱĻһҪֱ֮仯Ѿ֣֣ҪԱ
ٺ٣λӦ˵ɣҶЦʵ
һһֲּıҩǧĻԺֻؾϹһս
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ֹҶϵĻǶݵġһŴԵ
Ҷ˶Ŀȥ˵ǰţǸʮĺ꣬ͦۿ΢ݣݲ
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ٺ٣ǧƷԪʯҶЦ
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439 
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ɫ䣬ĪǶֻؾǿµģֻؾǿߵһ
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440 
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ͬʱԶİչԪҲ˵ûǱˣа̵Ѫֺɻ֣һ֣Ǳɣ
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441 Ѫ
˾ɵĿУҶȡһöݸҶϣҶϰüģƬ̺ɫϲ̧ͷҶ壬Цٺ٣û
תͷ꣬˵ͷʾʯ񽻸Ҷ壬굱ʯ񽻸Ҷ塣
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˳֣᲻ŲʣҶü
˵ȻӲҲһʼͳָ档չԪ˵ϾΣҲһӣֻҪħһ壬ǲͱսģ
΢٣չԪɫһսǣľͲֹǱ֮ˣ
ʥĻҪӡҶ
Ҷ֣ʥн֮һĵ̣ҪȥĻǧҪĵ̣չԪ˵ҽȸȥѪڰ˽һʥ£лĻǿԾټȥԣܱܲ˿УΪӣҶܳΪĵӣҲ㱨˸ղҶֵĳ֮ˣ
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ʱҶͰչԪ˷֣صԼķ䡣
صħˮڴϣЦŶҶ˵ܾǽаչСЩŹ֣
ʲôŹ֣ҶЦ
˵Ҿ˵Ļȫġħˮɳ
ǲŸʶѣҸղڽ׻򵽵Щ⣬벻ϻʲô˵û˵滰ôΪǼҲ˵Ҷ
ҶҲ˵ħˮЦ
еʱ򣬶һЩǻ¡ҶЦ̫٣б˵ȫףôĶ֪
ҪСˣȻȥˡħˮһЦһīɫĹâľС
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Ҷͨ۲еĻԪҵǸٽ㡱


442 
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ʧ˼֮ڳɹԪݻ˻Ԫ
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ڻˣħˮ˿˭õһ˵ġ䡱Ȼʮ죿

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һлָƽʱҶ̧ͷһǰңȻſ񱩵Ϣ
ԾȻҲ˵Զ̧ͷҶ壬ĭСӾȻ似Ըң
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ǸѪڵĵæǰ··ϣٰ״Ѫڵӿе֪Ҷ֡
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ȷӦҵչЦ
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ҶѪڵĿˣҶѪڵĿһ飬һȤٰЦ
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չɫҲÿЦʦ㶯֣ң֪ô
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ʼգ˶û˵


446 Ѫ
ҿ㲻ûȤǲҰɣչЦ
Ҷ֣Һٰ˵㻰Ȼ˵ѹΪһ˵ɷģٰ˵
˵ûȤҶЦҡҡͷ
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ʦ־Բܣ֮ͬڣɵĵ֮⣬˭ǴʦֵĶ֣

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447 Ѫ
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ĽѩҶ塢ĽҰ˴˿̶ʯ֮ǰ
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ΪŮѾԸѪأ᲻ټ㣿ǺǣѪڹټɵУȥһУĽҰЦ
ǾͶлĽǰˡҶЦĽҰ˵ǲģ׷ŹᣬΪ컯š
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ƣ
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ҶĿһ֮壬Ѫء


448 л
ҶѪصʱѪ֮⣬չԪǡýӵĽѩĴѶ
ѾȥˡչԪЦ
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ܲܳҪҪǣѩܵõһѪҩչԪĿһֻϵ߲Ѫµ߽ȥ֮ȫľѪᱻɣĽҵѪػǹ죡
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ѪصײȷʵƣЩ飬Ī⡣
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չٰ׺˺˼ⱻս
չͻȻ˵ʦ֣ѪǱʮ֮һСӽɱôѪڵˣǾԲŹ
ھͻȥ泤ϣٰɫ
չ˵ͷ
֣ߣ
ٰ׺չƿշߡ
¶֮ɫȴ˵˴ȻʵڿЦ
ȻڼЦٰˣȴͬҲźհ˷ˡ
ĽѩԼʦֶͷˣԭ԰׵ɫøӲ԰ס
ҶĿĽѩչʲôط
ȥ𣿡Ľѩ̧ͷҶ壬Ͼ֮ɫ


450 ҲҪɱ
ٷϻĻɱˣҶ
Ľѩһ֪ǰȷʵɱ
ʲôطǲѪڵˣҶʵ
ĽѩһҧЦĸ˭ȥ𣿡
ҪҵģҶ彣üһ
Ľѩٶ˵ʲôҧź촽˵Ѫڵˡ
˵ȥ
㲻һֱȥ컯𣿡
컯ŵˣ
Ҷɫ䡣
컯ŵˣ߻ô𣿡Ľѩ֮ɫڼЦҶ֪
Ҳ˵컯ŵĵλӦò͡ҶĿһ
ݱŵӻҪߣΪհף컯ڰ׼ңĽѩЦڰ׼һʮ֪ζʲôζеȫʮΪ
˵ʲôҶЦˡ
㣬ҪҲûʸ񷴿ĽѩЦ
Ҳ˵ֻ׼ݺң׼ȥ鷳ұɣҶЦʵ
׾ͺáĽѩЦӦ֪ʥоƷҲûʸԣΪɵϵԵ³ֻ·һ
Ҷ岻ȥκˣҲǵģȻΪѪ׷ŹҶͻȻסĽѩ°ͣӣҲҪۣ
ʵ֪֮չԪʲôطӰչԪд̽ūʹ
˵ĺãһŮӵҶҶ岻ÿҲ֪˵ǸŮӡ
֮ǰְǵм㣬㣬븶һЩ۲УŮֵ
Ҷ˵ĽҰ˽ַͻȻһ졣
ŮӺҶͬʱתͷ˹ȥĽҰһץɣص׹˵ϣ˲䰼ȥһȦȦ˺ѿ
ವһľĽҰĺĽҰС
Ľѩɫ䣬˹ȥȴΪǣѾͻȻ赹˵ϡ
ˮɣѣҶ˵
ವһľĽҰзɳɵĽѩϷͷųīɫҩסĽѩһĽѩ˹
չʲôطҶ帩Ľѩʵ
ĽѩֳӣԹĿҶ壬ƷЦаչаչԪھѪڶ֮ɽ档
ϣҶȥҰչԪΪΪҶһչԪͱɡ
ǱˣΪʲô컯ŵһ𣿡Ҷʡ
ΪǱˣ컯ŵˣûһѪڣǰ׼ҵˣҲͬҺ¡ͬĻԲŹѪڣɲϿôĽѩɫЦֻҪҷѪ˶ҾܺͰ״һˡ
˵üԹĿ⿴Ҷ塣
ܺңҶЦ
Ľѩû˵ֻԹĿҶ塣
ңܱסһˣѾǸˡҶЦҲɱ㣬ʴȣֻǲмɱһ˶ѡ
˵꣬Ҷ岻ٿĽѩһۣŮ˵ѩŮ㻹߰ɡ
ߵĻ˵˰׼ҵˣŮ
ҶһЦٶԣԣ˵ߣ˵ţѾȳѪڶ߷ȥԺŮӽ

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ȻѾصʥ򣬾Ͳòϻ컯šȥĻǾûκλˡЦ
չԪ侲˵ûв´ӦǾаĳϵĵӰɣ
סˣɱ֮ˣȪЦ
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ԸѶг˵ȫʬȪЦ
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ǾԿɱ㣬ܴߡȪЦˣʮһѰչԪΧס˵üͷųͷɫģ衣
ʮˣߣչԪߣȷʵ졣
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չԪһĿ˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
Ȫǿ԰Ѷ㣬ߣ򡭡ɰѶҲύ㣡չԪһ
ûлٵǶȪЦ
չԪЦԿ
вȪЦɱǣǻҲҪ
ǣʮ˹Ӧ
ȻӰԶϿշ֮ϣŻȪͰչԪˡ
㣡Ȫ̧ͷϵˣɫ΢䡣
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ٺ٣㲻֪ѪǱĸ𣿡չԪЦѪڣҲưոݣɱ㣬һֻûκ𣬴ӽ㽫ٱ޾׷ɱ
кܶɱңڻšҶ˵
ĵ˿ɲһչԪЦϺֶԸа̵ˣҿ㱣֤ԲΪ㣡


451 
չԪĻȪɫһ䣬ҶĳְչԪǸ޷κΰչԪΪҶʯ񡣼Ȫʮ֣Ҳסʯ
ȪȻ鷢Ҷ壬ЦĻ϶ڵġ
ΪʲôҶЦˡ
ԲΪһչԪ׷Ź㡣ȪЦǰĻʸ˵ղǷչԪУ컯žԲΪ㡣
չԪЦûж˵ʲôΪ֪˵ʲôǶģֻܿҶԼѡ컯Ű׼֮ˣھȻҪһС䣬ǳҲֻ
չԪӦʶ˰ɣҶȻЦ
ʶˣ
չԪͬʱɫ䡣
ǾʶҶЦ
Ȼ˵Ļ͸ӦðˡչԪЦҴˣǲˡ
ǰȥһĵطӦ֪ɣҶЦʵ
򣿡չԪüĪǴȥģ
ԣҶĿһչԪı飬չԪӦò֪ȥĿģһǿԿ϶ģ֮ץ߹ū˰չԪָʹ
һĻȪĿһ֪ȥˣʮˣ˵֣
ԣʮͬʱ֣չԪ˶ȥ
˰ѰչԪ룬ͬʱһᣬһѣӿ
ߣ
ͻȻͷųͷݻɫģסչԪ˵ķУǿниԤֹչԪ˱ߡ
һסչԪ˵ķĴɢ¶˵Ӱ
Ҷɫһ䣬չԪȻˣ
ȪҲһ
ǱߣԺŮͬʱ̧ͷԶԶ֮ƾոֳģиӰ
ǸӰӷһǰչԪչԪͷҶͻȪһۣűһԻ򣬳Զ۶ȥ֮Ļߡ
ˣ˸ߣ
Ȫ׷ȥ˽
ҲߣҶ߶¥֮Ҳ׷ȥŮӺԸں档
ǰչԪͷŻȪҶˣȻҧҧһöѶ򣬽һ·ĴֵУϢȫʧ
Ҷ˷˰չԪʧĴУͷųʶչԪ䣬ȴչԪ
ӦиʶıŮӺȻڡ
ԶȪĿһЦиʶıҲһȪܵ˵ţһ˽ĺ档
ȪߺҶ˵Ƿͷң
ðչԪ컯ţ̶ȳūԣԲðչԪڻȪϡ
£Ҷ˷ͷ֣ħˮҲľ˿ʼŰչԪ䡭
ͬʱĳչԪ̧ͷҶڷЦ컯ŵĸˣ˺ͻᷴˣҶСӻǻȪҶҪʬΣ
ţȻüͷѪڵ˲߹ȻҶСȫɱˣ⾿ô£ĽҰ϶󾳺ڵΪ֮⣬Ѫڻм󾳳ԼǧѪڵĵӣ󾳴ԲҲҪͷۡҶֻŮ˺ֻ޶ѣô׾Ѫڣ
Īǽʯ񣿡
չԪĿһ촽ʯǼ޼֮ܰȥ׸ڵĻڶҵȻȲô磬ȴҲԲҲŲʣ˵һл봫֮ء
Ҷ죬Ҳߣʯûã㲻ӦúǷֿΪȻ൱ԲҵĶ֣
չԪЦӶȥ

ʱҶڴѰҰչԪ֪չԪѾ
չԪǰ׼ҵĵϵԿԴ컯ţֻҪĸԸȥԲӦҶ
ðչԪĸԸԼ컯ţҲй¶ԼݣȫסչԪ
ҪħŮھͺˣĻ϶ܿסչԪҶЩڵûдħŮˡ
ȻǰһӰȻˡ
ҵˣӰ߳¶Ŀ
չԪҶǳ⣬û뵽չԪȻ
ѩҲɱ𣿡չԪʵ
һмɱһˡҶ˵
ѩΪչԪɫһ䡣
Ҷû˵
ȻǸŮ˶˵пޣϾҵŮˣ㲻ӦöչԪɫ˵
ңӦòǸ˵ЩϻİɣҶЦ
չԪЦ㣬ȻΪɱ㣬ʯ񣡡
ɱ𣿡Ҷ嵭
չԪ֪컯ΪʲôܳΪʥ֮һ𣿡
ΪΣҶЦ
ʦԺԺţĴǹŴʥĺᣬ컯ܺǲΪɣʲôϾͻ֪ˡ
չԪЦƿʼ˾˵ı仯Ʊҽ˶˻ɫҽ
ֵĵ֣Ҷɫ΢䡣
㲻ú˷ֿҲϣ
չԪһЦͻȻҶ壬һȭҶ壬ȭ֮ҷɽ졣
Ҷ֪һȭĿֲûӲӣǼ˼ó󣬷ĻһһչԪȥХγ֡
չԪܣȭ˷ͻзĶȼ˲仯촷ۡ


452 ˾ˮ
Ұ׼ҵҵֿյʦͷչԪҶ壬ȻЦ
ǿδأҶͷһĻ̫̫գѹչԪ
չԪһȭһŻɫҴȭзɳ̫ϡ
¡
Ũ̹γһĢơ
չԪٴγ֣һӵҶߣٴγȭҶ壬꣬ǵصҶ塣
Ҷûкˣһͷų˻ˢһϯЩȫ촷ۣס˰չԪչԪΪ˲䱻ѹƵڣ
չԪͫһʮ
ʮ˵ľʮ
ɱң㻹ʸ񣡡ҶЦ۳һɣڰչԪ֮ϣչԪƺһɳȥײڴϣһ㲻ϵ
һֱ֮⣬ײʮչԪ׹ڵء
չԪ̧ͷҶ壬ŵ˵ôܣȻ
ҶûչԪ𾪣չԪ˵ģҲɱ㣬һ󷨷סֻ꣬ҪҰȫĴ컯ţҾͷ㣡
㾿Ҫȥ컯ŸʲôչԪɡ
ͲùˣֻҪȥ컯žˡҶ
ҲӦأչԪЦ
ôһĻɱ㣡Ҷ
ٺ٣ɱҵģʥ컯ŵĶʦԺչԪЦͻȻһң˵档
Ҷһ˹ȥһնڵ棬һ˺ѿһѺۣϧȻûüֹչԪߡȻûչԪǸղҶһ˵˰չԪչԪܲԶ
ವһҶ峯ȥҿ϶չԪڸ

ͬʱʮ֮УңҺܿ۳һˣǰչԪ
˿̰չԪɫǳ԰ףղӵĿ죬ѾҶ彣ˡ
ֺʮ֮һ˭չԪ£ԲҶһ֮
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չԪɫ䣬ٿתһֻһŮʩʩȻĴ߳
òҪͼߣ컯ŵĶǺܸҸ㱣֤ߵĻֻ·һŮЦ
㾿˭չԪʶĺ˼ĿŮӡ
˭ѵ²𣿡ŮЦ
㣡չԪɫһ䣬ɵĵΪʲôҶһҶ쾿ʲôˣ
Ҷ죬Ҷ壡ŮЦ¥ʥˣ㲻ϵ֡
¥ʥ򡭡չԪüΪʲô컯ţ
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չԪûӦ˾ˮѾĳǰһĺᴩĺһѪΡ
㡭ΪΪʲôչԪ˾ˮ
еʱ֪٣İһЩ˾ˮЦ˳㣬ղߵĻһûס㡣
չԪһͷһᣬĿ
˾ˮγչԪڵأѪһء
ΪԵᡢ˼ɣֵĻҶǷӹһ
˾ˮһЦȡ˰չԪǬһ˼󣬺¡¡˷һкתֵС
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ͬʱȪҲзչԪѾˣǵɫˡ
Ҷ壬ȪЦֻ죬ǶӦѾڸ˰ɣ
Ҷ廹ûü˵ϿպȻӰʢѪ
ಡ
˸˴Ҷ岻Զ˸˶źɫۣСһҲѾ꣬ϵǸͣһнľӡ
𾪵ǣЩ˸ǿޱȣȫߣǸ͵ߣԵϢҪǿ
Щ˿չԪʬ壬ɫˣţǵĿⶼҶȥ
ȪĿһȻЦٺ٣ѵĶǿ죬ȻҾа֮ǰѰչԪɱˣ
ƾʲô˵ɱģҶЦˡ
ֻһˣĪǰչԪɱĲɣȪЦǶΪУԲŲɱ˰չԪҲµûɣ
Ҷ˵͵ߺȻСץȥ󣡡
߸ǿߵ˵ͷͬʱҶ˹ȥǸҶܣҲҶᷴ
˲ɱġҶ嵭ڡ
ȵ컯ţһѻ֪㾿ûɱˣǸ͵Ц
ҶЦһҲǻȥأ
Цһѻ꣬ͻϱɰ׳գ컯ŵ˻ȥ컯ţҲַʽַʽȥȫ
ǿɲ㡣͵һ
Ȼһ컯ŵǿ߸ץҶ壬ԪһֻεĴ֣Ҷ塣
Ҷ߶¥֮ˣնյıܿ˹
һ컯ŵǿͬʱɫ䡣
ͽһʲôϵ͵ʵ
ͽһʲôϵĻýһƱȪȻЦ
͵ɨһۻȪתͷ߸컯ŵǿ˵֣
ԣһǿӰһΣҶǰץҶĺ
Ҷ巭ƣһʯУ˵ѹ컯ŵǿ˳ȥ
ֲѹϯݣΧľƬƬ
ˣ
͵ߴһˣҲˡ
ѹʧؼʱ컯ŵǿߺͻȪ̧ͷȥҶѾʧ


453 ϴɽ
׷
͵һһƿշߣ߸컯ŵǿ߽
ϣҲȥȪߵ˵һ׷컯ŵǿ߷ȥ
ǰԡħˮѾҶϣԻ壬ҶϣҶ峯ԶȥԵٶȣʱڣ컯ŵ˺׷ϡ
ȥʱһ˳ԭڵϿգ˾ˮ
û뵽չԪȻֱѵа̵˻׷š˾ˮȡչԪǬ
ȻһĮ˾ˮɱһ˾ȻҪ컯ŵ֣㲻ķ𣿡
˾ˮתһֻһŮնŮӴŰߣסֻ¶ҰƯĹ԰ףǰֽһ
һѩʳ޳ģʹһȻǰǲҪĮҲ˿
ɣ˾ˮɫһ䣬ʵô
֪ˣ㡣
²ֹҰɡ˾ˮЦ
ȻɱˣȻֻ˵ӽ쿪ʼɱ񽻸ҾУԻȥˡ
ϵĻ𣿡˾ˮʵ
ǡش
ȻǵĻΪʲôҪȥ˾ˮЦ
Ȼɱкã
ɱܵõ𣿡˾ˮЦ
˵ˣҪʱ򣬿ȰɱˣС˵ϵݣв࣬в١
Ϊ̫ߣɱ˾ˮ˵
ղѾˣʯ˵ߣɵĮ˵ɱԲóʯĻᡣ
߻֡˾ˮЦ
ɱһˣҵġĮ˵
Ҿףɡ˾ˮЦ
תƿշߡ
Ŀȥ˾ˮڶûʧֹôоһβɹǵһֵĻǷܶȥ
䣬Ҷ˷ߵķȥ

ʱҶ弲ڰУ컯ŵǿȻ׷ᡣ
Ȼһǰϴɽصأֹ
ͣҶ̧ͷȥǰʮڸָı֮ϣƯС
Щշֱ񷣬ˮ䣬һЩɽϴٲ¡¡ںˮ֮У쳣׳ۡɽּвˣĳͱ֮ϣĳ֮ϣǳڷб֮ϡ
ҶĿջŵסʮˣʵǰϴɽ𣿡
Ϊ˵˵ͷΪ̫ȻһΪͣòҪϴɽ
ǲϴɽˣҶɫ΢䡣
㲻ʥˣΪЩʵ
ʵºǲʥй𣿡ҶЦˡ
ʥˣͲӦ⣬ʥ˭֪ϴɽκɣΪ˵
ȻϴɽκɣΪʲôܽȥҶüʵ
ǵϴɽԲȥΪɫ
ϴɽ濴˺ܶˣҶЦǵУҲв˵Ϊ
ΪǸԼɵĳϡΪ֮˵㲻Ļǲ㣬ҲԽȥ
Ҷ˵ǿϢתҲ֪϶컯ŵ׷ˡ
ΪˣҶЦл⣬ҵ뿴ϴɽ澿жΣա
˵䣬ǰʮ߼Ӷϴɽ
֪ηΪҡҡͷ
ʱ컯ŵİ˸ǿ߷˹Ϊˣ͵Цϵôϴɽ
ǽֵʱǰˡΪ֮ɫҷЩ֪ˣ˽ҲҪʮ־ͨȥϴɽѰ·
ǾȻǰˣ͵ɫһ䣬漴Ϊˣ˵ղŽϴɽСӼȻϴɽҲȥʹ˸ˣ
԰գ͵Ѿ컯ŵǿǷǰϴɽ
컯ŵǿǽϴɽʱҶѾϴҸıòٰһݴꡣ
ϴɽкܶˣȫߣѪʢ
ҶΪ֮ɫ
Ҷûں˵Ŀ⣬ȺУϸȺе
ΪʲôԼսϴɽȺɻʵ
ֻ֪֪Ѿǵһνˡ
ǽֹΣ
˵ѾΣ
˭Ӯˣ
˵˭ҲûӮ
˵ЩǾ˭˵ģ
˷˺ܲŵ
˵Ǿ˵ô֪˭˵ģû˵
ʱԶ⼸Ҳ
һ˵ϴɽʹ˱ٵɣ
ս֮ϴɽĲˡ
ǴˣǿҲܻٵϴɽ
Ϊʲô
ϴɽ֮ԽϴɽΪڴϴɽˮӡ˵Ľ⣡
һҶҲפ
˭ڴ˵ϴ
Ժڣ
ʥ
Щ֪ϴɽ֮ɵ˶ʱһ
ҶҲ𾪣룺ѹָղҽϴɽʱϤĸоԭǰϴĵط
ԭ˵ǽʥǰϴ֮أȻ˵ĻǿҲܻٵ˵أȻĵ˵ͷ
ˣ˵˾˭ӮͻȻʵ
˵˵ܾˣ
ٺ٣ܾˣǵĳǾлɳˣ
˵ɵ̫ϳ˺ü룬ǲ˳ûֵġ
˵ľˣҶɻ
ɻȺУһֲ©Ⱥе


454 ħӰ
ɽ˺ܾãһ·࣬Ҷ֪ϴɽս˭ˡϴɽֵˣĴеħӺӰӣ
Ҷ𾪣Ϊ֮ǰ޺۹ӣʶΪĴ֮Ĺϵܺã뵽ħӺӰӻڴ֣ƺѾǵһν֡
Ī֮ʲô޲ɣ
ͻȻҶͣ½Ųǰ⻪ľʯϣȻʮɫս۵ˣ죡

ȻûϳѾıòҶ壬ҲûҶһۡ
ȻһҲˣҶ΢ƹˣǰȥ
һ·ϣ˲֮ˣ塢ѩ塢Գ塢ȵȡôħӺӰӴս𾪡
ţ˻ƽͷʨħţǿߣƵܿˡûãȻ˲ɵĵӣЩӶڵĳ飬ǲŸ̤ϴɽ
ħӺӰӴսµ
ȻҶһƧɽ·ˣʯϱĿǲǱˣǿľ˺쾵
쾵Ȼ˫۳Ҷ忴ȥ¶ЦݣһգСֵܱ
ľҲ˫ۿҶ壬üͷ쾵ʵ쾵ʲôʱôǲˣ
㲻ʶ𣿡ҶһЦ
ľһ㶡
ųǵ£Ī㲻ǵˣ쾵Ц
ľɫһ䣬֪ǰ˭ˣЦҡҡͷҶСֵ֮ܵʵ˵ã
Ҷߵ£ЦλǰҲǱƲѲŰԼӡ
ͷС쾵Ŀһ
Ҷ˵ͷа쾵ѾµЩʲô
ȴ֪쾵޷͸˾Ȼ쾵͸ԼҲ޷Լйصκ¡쾵ֵӵߣ޷쾵ΪԼģ
ʦԺиѣܰ㡣쾵ֵ
лǰҶҧҧ˵ǰʲô취Խ컯ţ
У컯أ컯ŵ⣬ܽ컯š쾵˵ʦԺҲƺûȥ컯ţ㲢컯ŵĵӣȥܣ
СֵܣҪȥ컯ŸʲôľͻȻʵ
Ҷֹǲ쾵ˣǲǾС
ôĪСֵܻŲǲɣľ˲ˡ
Ҷ˵ˣ
컯ŵץСֵܵѣľɫ䡣
Ҷ˵ͷ
ľ˵ɫޱȣ봳컯žˣֱȵ컹ѡ
Сֵܣ¹ȥһʦԺ쾵˵λϳĻ˵ܾȳλѡ
ҶԴϲæллǰ
ȲҪæлҡ쾵ɫǱ˵ĻҿΪһԣף㲻ͬҸ͸㣬Ҳû취㣬ܲܰ˾ȳҲȷ
ΣҶҪлǰҶȻ
ʥԭֻĴɣֶɣɣ컯źͱ쾵˵ɵУ컯ֻĩβЩԽԽˡһɲЩĦ컯źʦԺĹϵȻģҲ̫á
΢٣쾵ЦȻλȥ컯Ҫ˵Ļǻǻһӵġ
ٺ٣Ժĵ̲컯ȵģ컯ӦûӡľЦ
ȻԶ˿գ˵ˣ
Ҷ쾵̧ͷһһɫӰ˲Զһ೤ͱ֮ϡ
Ӱӣ
ǿͷͱϵˡ
ͱϵ˴һϮɫۣŸ߹ڣ߸ߵ죬ǸһӸעĿɫĳ֮ϣɫĻ䣬ȹ
ӰӳһŲ԰ֽĶ쵰üбɣ촽ƻаˣ֮
ͱ֮ӰӾͱֱ˫ۣȻûɢκǿϢȴһɽһǰ
ܣӰӣҶ岻³˼֡
˭ľһ㶡
ҶźЦЦǰ϶ˣʲôҲû˵
ľüͷ棺Īˡ
ħôҶ˵
Լսʱ䣬һʱ쾵˵
ΪʲôҪԼսҶʵ
ħӺӰӱǹʽΪʲôĿ˭Ҳ֪쾵˵
˵֮ǰѾ֡Ҷ˵ѵÿζûзֳʤ𣿡
־磬һսҪֳʤʵ̫ˡ쾵̾
Ҷ룬ʲôޣȻħӺӰӶֵز
ħˡ쾵Ȼ̧ͷӰӲԶһͱڡ
ҶҲ˹ȥֻһ˴һͱ֮ϡ
˴ɫۣͷݲӡ̵Ƕɫͫס
һ϶İƯħߣһƪƪبŵľģЩŤʱһ
ħž쾵³˼֣ɫȻ
ħžҶ峯쾵ȥɫɻ
ħӵħݻĹžħӺӰӽֵʱǧҪͼʶȥ鿴ħһпܻɷӣ쾵ǳҶ塣
ħ֡
ҶĿһĵ˵ͷʵӰʲô֣
ӰӵӰ֣㿴δؾ쾵˵ڵпֻһӰѣ˵ԻûǧӰҼǺͬҲ
Ҷɫ䣬ħֻӰֶ£󾿾˭Ӯ


455 ۽ֺͷ
ֹҶ֪˭ӮҲ룬ע޷ԤġȻһԤ⣬Ǿ쾵ħӺӰӵΪߣҪԤ˽ֵĽ쾵Ĵ۱ضܴ
Ҳ£ħӵʤӦûһЩϴɽĳطĳǿ߿ڡ
ûħӵħֶ֣ιĪ⣬ҲʤһЩһǿߵ˵ͷ
ǿδء
ԶԺĳǿЦӰӺųٶȵһӰӷħӵħǿҲκβӰӡ
˵ûһԺǿЦ־磬Ҫֳʤɲܴġ
ħӮӰʤ˵Ǽ¡һʦԺ߻ڡ
ЩĿ˸Ҳ֪ʲô
֮ìܲһˣƴ󣬳ư޼½ȻϣֻؾǿһЩӶһЩƷĻᡣ
뷨ģȻǻƽͷʨħţͽ⼸塣Դǰʥ֮ͷʢ˼£κ嶼âʥȻˣȴȻǿޱȣûĸ֮⡣
л߸壬Բ飬ϧʱûҵֻᡭǾа̺Ĵ岻κϣ
Ĵӣκһ޴ʧԺҲһߵ̾
Ժ棬ǻ𣿡ߣһͷɢңһƺ«ߣò꣬ϾǺӣټƾɵĳۣԼ˫мѥӣؤһ
ȻԺǿȴҶԴκ֮ɫǿ񣬾Ȼޱȵ𾴡
Ժ˼ѾܾûлعԺˡǾԺҡҡͷΡ
ԺҲΡ
Ǵõ꿴žԺߣЦԺ̫ģԺȻԺš˵ԺȥСȥˡ
ȥ¥ʥԺɲôԶǾԺҡҡͷ
ħӺӰѾ˲ݵĵز˭ҲҲûá
ȻԶһЦ
Ժ˿ȥ˵ʦԺˡ
Ǵõ꿴ʦԺΪ׵꣬Ц֣κ¶ġ
ʦԺΪţŲǸ޸֮ʦԺ˶ȴ乧
ĻʦԺЦĪΪᷢʲôⲻɣ
Ǵõ˿ԼѾȻЦ˵Ҳ֪ᷢʲô⣬͵Ҹղ˵ĻǷƨˡ
üͷһ壬۽Ѿͱ֮ɫĺܺãϾͻָƽȴûٺʹõ˵
ߣһʹʦͬʱλа˴ʦ֣
ʦԺĳЦ
ǴõԼĽѾʱʱøոտ۹ѾӣһĻʦԺһ񺮣ԺҲЩȥͷ˹ȥ
ҶĿһĻЦˣ벻Ժţˡ
۽ֺͷ˽ս裬ǾԺĴʦ֣Ҳʥ˴֮һľ˶Ҷ˵Ǻս˵˽棬ʦԺĴʦ֣Ҳʥ˴֮һ
˴Ҷüû˵˴
ʥܽսʥھŲˣܷɹа˽˵ھŲ㡣˸˺ϳư˴˴Ϊܸߣ˵ȫѾֻֻؾ쾵˵
Ҷɫ䣬ûǿ۽ֺͷǿ
˴֮Уֻ˴ʥʮ㣬ɹɱʥ쾵˵˷ֱս衢棬ȻѾܽʮ㣬ȴûɱʥ
ʥҶɫ䣬նɱͨʥ飬ȴû뵽ʥȻʥִڡ
սˣôҲӦˡ쾵˵ˣӦΪѰͻֻؾ
ԣҶ峯ԶͱϵħӺӰȥΪʲô֣
ˡ쾵ڡ
Ȼ쾵Ļδ䣬ӰӵӰһΣȻӰӡţӰӵӰٴλûʯ֮䣬ٸӰӳۡ
Ҷ峢ԷֱӰӵںδȴÿӰӡһģһֱ治١
ٶ࣬ϾֻһģĪΪƾЩõķʤңħЦˡ
˶ܱ࣬ٺáӰЦ
ٶ࣬ҵħž𣿡
ħӷƣžȪˮӿϯ˷Ļк£ؼ䣬ϴɽħž֡
ãСħž
˶æֵħž
쾵쾵쾵绪ǣƯ쾵ҶͿľϷħžʯ쾵֮ϣžڶ
Ҷ̧ͷһħžѾӰӵзΧһƪƪžĴ֮ϣһͬʱٸӰӶȥ
ӰӶħžˣǽţӰӶһ̣ʧСЩӰӾȻȫǼٵģӰӡ
ħҵ˶Ҳħ
ӰӵЦصգ֪ǴӺδġ
ȻǰҵһͬԡħЦ
ǰ㲻ħͬСӰӵЦص˷
ԣҶɫ䣬ħӺӰ֮ǰȻѾ֣ζûзֳʤ
ʱħߵƯħžͻȻ۳ǧ֡
ħ
ǧ޴ޱȣյġħƯУضʱһƬڰ֮С


456 Ժ
ǧħУγȦֺˮһɢ˷
¡¡
𶯣ϴɽϴɽͻȻͷųһɾ˵Ľ⣬ʹԭ𶯲ֹϴɽͻȻȶ
ʥ⣡
һϴɽĽʥֻǽʥϴ֮ʱµģȴ̺ĪܣǿħҲ޺ϴɽ
ΪϴɽĽ𺳵ʱǧħѾ˷ȥպ¡¡죬ʯһ
УһӰƾո֣ȻӰӴж˳ȻӰӱǧħֱƳˣȴתӰ֣ٴλû˻ʹ˸޷ֱ
ȻӰӵлںһɸߵľˣһħӣգһ£·Բǧ֮ڶһƬ档
ħ̧һӭȥħžһֻӭȥ
¡
ཻನ˷ǲ˰ŤϴɽϵȻбֵȻкµѪڡ
̧ͷ߿յʱħӺӰѾʧͬʱ֮ϴһ
֪ħӺӰѾɱ޾С
һ󾳴Բǿͷųʶ̽ƺһһѪˡ
Ҷ忴һĻľ̫ǿˡ
ͻȻ޾žģǴһƬǳ貶ĿͬʱһɫҲ£ϴɽɽͱɫУһ촷ۣʧΡ
ħ
Ȼħ˶УľħӾȻʹ˴ħ
£
ӰӵҲ˶У̧ͷһгһ޴ޱߵħӵӰ֡
ֻӵӰֵ˲ʹ£һ˾£ԪᱻõԲ֮УӰӰħӵԪԲ̳ʱħӼ㲻Ҳˣ
΢٣쾵ֵħѾʹ˴ħӰ̳ħӵԪ񣬿ûôףвͻħħһӰͬΣգ
ԣҶ尵ħֻӰ֣ʮֿ£ͨȡ
ڡŋزءĵƪϿħֺӰֵʮ־ˣ޼½ϵеУǰС
ǾǿǴħʤһ
ԶʦԺʦ̧ͷǾ޴ޱߵüͷ˵
ֻ£ܾˡս˵˵ʱֻԼĽѾ
汾ս˵ʲôһƼսľٶ̰ͷ˹ȥе
ģħӵӰͻȻһڵ㣡
ʲôˣ˾ɡ
ǡħԺʦԺļϱͻȻһ
Ҷ循ɣתͷ쾵ʵǰʲôǵħ
ħ˼壬ڵ˵ĵ֮ħ֣쾵˵Ӱӵĵ֮ħھ֮ħ֣һӰӳֶԸħӣضᴥԼħ
Ҳ˵¶ħѾЧˡҶĿһ
ҲЧ٣ħʱҲ޷ƽ⾮£ֻõħ֮Է쾵˵
ҶľȻħӺӰӵսǳƽȴգв䣬⿴ƽսʵյģ
һҪֳʤ»Ҫܳʱ䡣ľ˵
˭и˭ͼпܻ䣡쾵ɫ룬ǵǰν֣ûʩչº͵ħ֮ʩչֳһʤ
ֳչ쵽˼£ЩѾһһܣǱֶԸʧһĴ֮У˭û似˭û
ħӺӰ˭ܣҪһʱ֣
ƽͷʨǿ໥ѾʼζԸ֮ˡ
㲻Ҫ似ͱǵľѪҲȫ㹻ˣ
ħţǿһۣҲζԸ֮ˡֹ壬֮ҲζԸʧ֮ˡ
˵ħӺӰһĳһˣûκ·
ͬʱԺʦԺǿȴǣʵڲԸ⿴嵱ʧȥһֻؾǿߣǣħӺӰӶֻͨؾǿߡ
ٺ٣ħҪ֮ע㣡ӰӵЦȻ쳹졣
ҵĵħҲҴԲѣħЦҵΪ𣿡
Ȼ㲻£ΪҪ磿ӰЦ
Ȼ㲻£ΪҪ񣿡ħЦ
Ҷ尵룬ħӺӰѾս˭ȳ˭ͼпܻܡ
ۿħӺӰӼƴһһЦ쳹ؼ䣺ҺѾȰΣǾȻִˣǺ֣
Цɲǣз죬һ޴ޱȵָǾ޴Բ֮ϡ
һԲ±¹أضʱһƬ뵵ĹâУ˭Ҳ嶫Ҷͬ۵Ĺâ̵˫ۡ
˫۵ʱؼѾָƽ
ħԺսӰӵصؼ䡣
ֻ㲻ҡħӵҲص˷
ӵʧ
Ǻο࡭һ̾ʮء
ȰĴμܣǲҶˣȥȾưɣαعЩ¡һϵЦŴ˶С
ԺʦԺͬʱŸ߿գеԺ
ɫ䣬ղֹӵˣȻԺԺ
ԺʦԺԺҶ尵
벻λǰȻҲˡ쾵˵
ٺ٣۱ֵĻʥߵģħӺӰҲҪӡľЦ


457 Ҿ
û뵽ʦԺ;ԺϲȻˣǿɫ
ϧˡսҡҡͷ
һԾԺֺݺݵսԴһ£û˵ҪԺԻȥɽڣ
˵Ͳ˵αô桭
սڨڨһЦûȥѾȥ̹¶ţǲš
ԺǿǿһĻһ죬޲սԶһЩʵ̫ˡ
ͬʱԶҶ塢쾵ľѾȥ
ϴɽ֮⣬Ҷ쾵֮ϣԶ۶ȥ쾵ٶȼ죬ڷбҪȥĵطʦԺ
뿪ϴɽʱ컯ŵǿһɫľϴɽǡ䵽˷ϴɽҶˡ
𾪵һĻˣĳҶӰҶԭαװļòȻָԼò
͵ɫһ䡣
ҺҾǸҲһ컯ŵǿ˵
ҾôҲƷСӶҲ͵СΪߣΪǣҵĵǸˣ
һڵͷѣҪɱ׾٣һ컯ŵǿ߰Ȼ
ߣ֪˭𣿡͵Ц
ɫһ䣬Īϵ˼ǣ
ûп澵𣿡͵˵£쾵֮⣬˭ӵ쾵
쾵컯ŵǿͬʱɫ䡣
룬ղҾ׷ǵʱ쾵Ѿˡ͵ֿеҾ
ǿҲſžӣУҶ˵ӰģźȻʧ
쾵ֵ֮Ȼ͵Ŀһ
Īϣڸô죿ǿʵ
ɱ컯ŵĵϵӣ쾵ţҲǣ쾵컯ţ͵ǿЦ
Īϵ˼ǡСӵ쾵Ϊ컯Чǿǰһ
쾵֮˭˲֪ĸ쾵Ϊã
ܲܳɣĿ쾵СӾʲôϵߣԲˣ
Īϴ컯ŵǿƿշȥ

ǰ쾵ҶͿľˣɫ컯ŵ׷ˡ
ҶͿľͬʱɫ䡣
컯ŵ˲ΪϷҶСѣͿľߣ쾵ɫ
Уôһľܾ쾵
ǰ׷ҲκβҶЦˣңǻûϳ
쾵Ϳľ˾ɣǴʸ׵ʱ컯ŵˣಡ˵ӰҶǰ쾵쾵ͣ
Ϊ͵߿쾵Цٺ٣쾵
Ϸƺʶ컯ŵˡ쾵Ц
Ϸ컯ųϣĪǣ͵Ц
ԭĪ֡쾵ɨĪߵ߸ߣŵĪְס֪Ϊǣ
ĪǿҶ壬ɱ컯ŵһλǱ컯ţִϷ䡣
˵ɱˣɱ𣿡ľЦ
ĪûжŭЦʵ֪λǣ
Ϸľľ˵
ľĪЦľ컯Ŵԩκˣۿɱˣǻǧ׷𣿡
Ҳ˵ľЦ
ߣҪ컯ץˣƾ㻹ʣһ컯ŵǿߺȻߡ
ҾǹˣΣľ˺Ц
ǿɫһ붯֣Īǰ˰֣ľ쾵ĺѣȻʸ컯ŵ¡
ԣǿЦһٶ˵ʲô
ĪǿҶ壬Ц˵컯Ųԩˣ޹ģǿ϶㡣
ҶЦҲأ
ٺ٣̣ӦĸʯɣĪЦϷʵ㣬ϷһöµһΪóʯҲ޼¡
ҶȻƽȴһ֪컯ŵʲôΪǿԿ϶ǣԲĴеκһ
컯ŵǺԺԺһϹ
òҪóʯ񡣡ĪЦȻԿʯôóҲ޷
ȷʵԿ컯ĻжҶЦɲĪȥ컯ţΪԲԼϡ
ȥ컯ţԲǱץȥ
תͷ쾵ҶЦǰ߰ɣҵҪϾû컯ķ
治ĪǸղ˵Ļģһųϣӵ컯ķѲɣ컯ţų϶컯ķ컯Ҳ̫컯ŵĳˡ
ҶҪߣĪЦһ룬һųϣôܻķ˵ûɣ
ҶЦ
ΪϷ򲢲ͨųϣϷųϵ֮⣬ǴӵˡĪһЦƣͻȻһö
ͷų˵ϢؼһƬɱѹ֮
Ҷɫ䡣
̺һɿµղ˵Ļ١쾵ڡ
ٺ٣쾵ȻĪЦ쾵ϷǩԼΪ컯ŵĿ䣬ҾԲΪ
ٺ٣ܳΪ컯ŵĿ䣬ȷʵϷҡ쾵Цˡ
Īǵ¶ϲɫ
Ȼ쾵˵ϷûǸˡ
Īǵ˵ɫһ䡣
쾵һѵ쾵һĺüκɣϷ򲻸Υѵ쾵̾
쾵˵Ļû˻ỳɣΪ쾵Ӳ˵ٻ


458 ʯ
ʵ̫ϧˡ
Ī̾Ȼ˵ĻϷֻܵˡ
һеӿϯ˷һɫҾ˳Īǵǰؼʱſֲ֮ѹ
컯ķ
ͬʱҶҲʯʯܵҾ˵ѹҲ˿ֲޱȵϢϢײһŤǲһ
ҾͻȻ֣һҶ壬֮죬ʯһɫ䣬ĩս١
ʯͻȻһ˫ɣҾ˵Ĵ֣Ҿ˵Ĵ͵ͣš䡱һըѿһأ֮˲仯һƬ𺣣˼
ĪǵȻʵ޷ʯȻֲ˵زȻһ۱Ҿ˵ơ
Ҷ塢쾵Ϳľͬ𾪡
ʱʯͻȻ̧ۿҾˣҾ˵ѿŷһɹңһ
¡
Ҿ˱ըңԲǧ֮ڣȫǻ
ͬʱֻʯϳһϸ緢˿ѷ죡
ߣ
쾵ٿ쾵ҶͿľ˳Զȥ
Īǵ𾪲ѣǲŻع
ʯҲˣҪҪ׷ȥһ컯ŵǿĪǡ
Ī˵ʯѾѣҲҵܿģȻȥѴӣ
ǿߵ˵ͷҲȥðա

ǰ쾵һ⣬ٴڸ߿ƲС
ʱ쾵ͣ쾵ͷź󷽣˵ǲû׷
ΪǼɵʯԲŲ׷룬ǲܻеڶö򡣡ҶĿһ
ʯƺѾˣľ˺Ȼڡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ҶСѣɷʯһۣ쾵˵
ǰһʯ񣬾ͻᴥʯ񣬼̶⵽ʯĹ¡
쾵һóϢҲԼϢй¶ġ쾵Ц
Ҷ˵ͷʯȡݸ쾵
쾵ûɢκߵϢһͨһԲû⵽ʯĹ
ϸʯ쾵ڣϷ֮ˣΪߵҪʦԺԺʯҲ뵽˵һοԺʱ򡣡
Ҷɫ䣬ǵʯ֮ˣΪٺԺ£
Ϸܴӿʲô
쾵ʯ쾵֮ϣȻҧָ⣬쾵дһϵ֣쾵һĹ֣Ϊԡ֡
ˡ쾵ͷų貵Ĺâʯ
쾵˫ۣʯ񣬲ʯпһģģӰǸӰɲǣһɿֲԺڣ
۵һ쾵һѪ˲ήȥ
쾵
ǰ
ҶͿľͬʱһæס쾵
쾵ҶͿľ˵ĸ첲ϢҼʱˡ˭
ҶͿľһۣ𾪡
쾵ʯϾֻ˵̳ģѾѿˣֻؾߵĻĻˡ
Ҷ忴ŲѺ۵ʯ룬쾵˵ûֻؾߣʯ϶᳹׷顣
ʯ㱣Ķ򲻵ѣòҪʹã쾵ѵ
Ҷ˵ͷʯ
컯ŵ˿϶ưոݡ컯ŵʯٵķ϶㡣쾵˵
ֻܲؾϹ϶ԸҰɣҶ˵
컯϶õеʯһΣ㶼ܵģ쾵ɫ
ҶͷǰһСĵģ
Ȼ쾵ɫһ䡣
ǰôˣҶɻĿ쾵
쾵ûлشҶĻԼе쾵ҶͿľҲ˹ȥֻгһȺˡ
а̣ľɫһ䣬Ц쾵ǻ겻ɢ
ľǰа̵ΪʲôһֱץסǣҶʵʱ򣬾а̵˾ץס쾵
Ϊ쾵Ϊ£ľЦ쾵ӦǣǾ쾵ץȥ쾵֮ˣΪа̣
аƺͼıʲô쾵ڣǿǳʦԺ;Ժ֮⣬ȴ¼ɣɣ޷;а̿⣡ҪֵܹĻ˵ла̣ϧ
аôǿ𣿡Ҷü
ǰ;айһܴĳͻǴξа̵ʮ϶ˣԺָԤʧ»൱أľ˵ʮϾ֮ܰһƵ̶ֳȣа᲻ǿ
Ҷɫ䣬ʮϵУĸֱʬˡѻˡתֵˡ֣ĸˣ˭ֻؾܣʵԺֲܿ
ʮеĴϵ;ԺԺйһս˵һս˲ʤľֵ
ҶͷƤ飬ĪǵʮϾԿԺ
Ժĵ̲ģϾ۾ԺʦԺǴʥᣡľɫ
а̵ϾҪˣ˵ز˾
쾵Ȼڣе쾵Ȼ󣬽䡣
ͬʱ쾵쾵һ⣬Զȥ
ߺʱа̵˹Ȼˣ
쾵ϼһѾˣһа̵ǿ
ܲ˶Զһа̵ǿЦ˵ˣʵץģҲУΪʥ֮ˣϣ
ಡ
ȻԶʮһӰ
а̵ǿͬʱ˹ȥ˾ȻǻȪʮ¡
Ȫ£
Ȫоа̵ǿ߾ܹ
ΪҲڴ˵أȪʵ
Ƿ쾵䣡һаǿ߻ش
쾵ȪĿһ
֮ԳΪоʯɢϢԼǰʯ컯ֵĺû뵽쾵ǰȻҲڴ˵أ


459 ׹
쾵ҽдãǱ벻ϧһдץסȪɫҶԼҶӰչԪǶõĶ˵쾵ҪҪĶࡣ
лȪº͵µʮаǿ϶ץס쾵һھа̵ǿЦ
ʮϵ״ӣһͻƵ󾳣ᱻʮаʮаȫߣң
ѪȥңɣӲѪ׷٣ȪЦ
ʮа˵ͷȡǬͷųһֻֻѪɫ˴ų򣬳˷ȥȳһ顣
ȪʮаųѪʱҶ쾵мٷɳۣһɫ̫߹ҿС
а̵ӦѾ׷ˡ΢٣쾵ЦҶ˵ϷͿľȥ˼ʥʱڹĹеõһŲͼͼϱʦ˷ӡҶСѿȤһۣ
ʦµĲͼҶǰһ
쾵ǬȡһͼҶסͼչһɫĲͼƺĳ޵ƤɢֵһϵķĻͼϣڻƺζ
ΪЩķӡ˲ͼʹ޷ͼ֮Ͼʲô
ҶͷųͷһĹס˲ͼͼƯǰ¸ɢ뵵ĹâͼϵķӡǿҶǿҲ޷ƿӡ
Ƭ̺Ҷתɵ֣ڷע֮ٴοʼƽӡڼ䣬쾵Ϳľ˲ûдҶ壬쾵쾵ڿзɳۡ
һʱ󣬵쾵ͿľٴҶʱҶѾѲͼϵķӡƽһ֡
Ųͼˣ󾳴ԲпѾֻ̤أҪǲͼϷӡʱ̫ˣµڵʦƽ⣡쾵˵
СҶӵǺǿԲߣ벻ͨڵƿͼϵķӡȴƫƫƽ⿪ˡȻƫƫƽ⣬԰Ѳͼľü
Ǻǡ쾵ЦЦⲻŲŵ⣬ҶСѽⲻӡҲѶ
Ϊʲôľʵ
Ȼϴɽٴ˵ԵȻԵҵȻӦðѲͼϾͼϸûʲôôֻһ޵Ƥѡ쾵Ц
ľ˳ҡͷ֮⣬Ѿ֪˵ʲôȻ쾵ĹϵĪ棬ȴ쾵·ʽ
ȻƯҶǰͼϵķɢȥ¶˲ͼıòԭͼǽɫģд֣ЩȫǷдɵģ
׹ݣ
Ҷ³֣ͼϾȻһ󷨣Ϊ׹ݡʵһĴ
ǰҶʩչĴһֹūģֻĴѣ˽󷨡⡰׹ݡǵؽƷ󷨣ҶǰõĴȡ
׹ݷΪ׶ݺ͹ݡ
׶أֱһ˶ݡʮ˶ݡ˶ݣأͬΪһ˶ݡʮ˶ݡ˶ݡʣ׶ݵٶ޷͹ȵģݵѶȴ׶ѵöࡣ
һ˶ݣֻܴһˣֻǲܳԽʮ˶ѣԽʮˣΪʮ˶ݡͬʮ˶ҲֻܴʮˣǲܳԽˣԽΪ˶ݡ
Ҫ׶ݵһأɱΣҪɱĴΡ
Ҳ˵Ҷֻ׶ݵһغ͵ڶأ
ͼϵݺҶüͷųͷһģţ״׵һ
ǧηΧҶתʹҶ׵統һ
쾵Ϳľ˿һĻǳԾǻǵһμص󷨡
ͻȻηİҶವһ쾵Ϳľֻоǰƺһ׵ҶѾʧӰ١
ÿĴ󣡡ľɫ䡣
ֻˣ쾵˵
Ȼವһһƶηƿն쾵ǰɲͣɢȥ¶ҶӰ
ڣҶָ˱òһֱ׹ݡе׶ݣ׶ݵһغ͵ڶء֮ǰȣôŲƵٶȿֹ
죬Ҷ볢һ׶ݵصʱͻȻһƬ𺣣Щûɢɢ˱Ϣ
Ҷ塢쾵Ϳļ̌ͷеġ𡱣ͬʱɫ䣬ڻио˵ֵϢҲ˵Щǳĳӵлϵֵǿߣ
쾵֮ûǰӵлϵֵˣΪ֮ǰʯʱˣӵлϵֵʵǿ
Ҷ壬ܾˡһĮеĻڴ
Ҷɫ䣬û뵽˾ȻԼġ
˭ľɫصʵ
Ǻˣ˵ڡ
ľδڣ쾵Ȼ˵Ϸ쾵ϷµûӦ¥ʥһϹ󣡡
ҶͿľɫһ䡣
쾵˵Եľ塣
Ϲסǣ֪Ϊ£쾵Ц
Ϊһ˶쾵زֹҴ߰ɣϹ˵
֪ϹΪʲôҪҶСѣ쾵ʵ
һ׽Ϲ˵
˭
˭ҪҪǣұߡ
Ӧ֪֪˭Ļף
ϹĬˣƬ̺ſڣһ׽ҶѪ棡
Ѫ棡Ҷɫ䡣
Ϲֽлֻ̤ؾѪ쾵Цˡ
Ƿһ顭Ϲ˵
Ҳ˵ΣϹҲҪ˴ˣ쾵ɫ
Ҵ´;ϡϹ󵭵ڡ
ϹѾֻֻؾûĶ֣ʯԸ쾵ȻҶ壬ʯ˱ٵҲ붯ʯ


460 Ϲ
쾵òҪΪѣҲ֡Ϲջд
Ϲ־ϷҶСѶ뿪𣿡쾵Ц
Ȼ쾵ִ˵ĻҾֻõˡ
зӿһִֻӻץҶȥ
ҶûмʯüĽһԷ˳ŴͬʱѪ˻֡
¡һ죬Ѫӿֹɢ˷
˼
ϹЦӻдţͻȻջȫһĺڡ
ĺӣ¥ʥϵһ֣Ϲ
ȱһͷԸ汾Ϲԣڡ
񿴰׳һϹ󣬼Цֻؾûͻƣҳʲô
ϹûȻһЦԸĻʱֻ̤ؾ
ֻ̤ؾΣԼЦʮ֡ĿǳԴһǴ
һѣҲڱǰţϹЦͻȻ֣һץָŷǧٵ࣬ǵصԶȥ
ߣס
ԵͻȻҶУţԵ³һǧʱ֡
Ķ֣Ҷ崫ԡ
ٺ٣ǿδأЩҿû׺ʨүһǵĶѧĿɲ٣ԴοСӾȻҵʵڸɱҲҪĶ
ԣҶ岻ٶԣ쾵˵ǰߣｻԾˡ
쾵˵ͷ
Ҷͷųͷηģ쾵ͿľҶʹá׶ݡ쾵Ϳľ뿪ɲǣԶϹͷų˻棬滯ϹķӵҶߣһָη֮ϡ
һҶ˹סηĶʱɢ
ıɲǣ쾵쾵쾵һ⣬ֱϹķȥ
Ϲķһ棬ӶʱգţһۼֻϹķ
߷֮һ㲻ҵĶ֣ϹķЦˣһ࣬һ쾵ӹҶ塣
Ҷ߶¥֮ˣͬʱüһֻаƴСַɳ¹ˮء˵һͻȻײϹĻࡣ

һ죬ִޱȵĻ飬춼ǻ棬Ҳʮɡ
ܿ죬еĻۼϹķϹķ֣ɵĪǾƷ
쾵Ϳľ˿֣Ҳһû뵽Ҷʯ֮⣬д˵ȱ
оƷΣϹķЦһٴɱҶ塣
ҶٴβٿײϹķϹķͻȻһ棬ֵܿĹƣţһĻ棬ǵصĳҶȥ
Ϲ͹ֵٶȣ
˵һּת֮ѹ
ЩҶȥĻ汻¹䵽˲䱻ɱűײ˻ǡ
Ҷ屾ΪѾϹķȻ𾪵ǣЩǺȻۼֻϹĻ
ı岻ķԶ쾵ɵҶߣҶ˵
ԣҶ峯ԶȥԶϣâ䣬Ѫͻ潻֯ɨ˷ԺϹӰѪ֣һһɱѽѷ֡
ֻ֮ԾȻҲûսʤϹҿȥƺ·硣Ϲ¥ʥһʵȷʵˡ
ջĿ⣬Ҷ忴ϹķɫЩء
ʱзֻѪɫѪɫҶϷþòɢ
Ѫɫ쾵Ϲķͬʱڣа̵Ѫ𣡡
а̣Ҷɫ䡣
ಡ
ȻһӰԶΪ֮ˣǻȪ
ٺ٣ԭҲҶ壬ȪЦѶҿԷ뿪
Ȫ£ûпĻӦ¥ʥǽҶСӣõкŋִУԲܷһаǿͻȻڡ
ԣȪɫһ䣬Ҷ壬Цû뵽õкŋִе˾㣡
ҶЦ
ٺ٣֣Բ쾵ϹˣȪЦ
а̵ǿǵ˵ͷʮǿߣȫҶȥƱˡ
ϹķûгֹôǿߣǿҲܵס
ղŵıҲɣϹķ骵
Ȼһ̣ϹɫȻˡ
Ҷóһʯ񣬿ƽƽʯܵаǿǿϢҲ˾춯صѹѹϯ˷ʹΧˮһŤ
аǿѾ֪ҶʯԼҶʯɲǣҶ˸Եı磬һƬ嫵󣬵ֵסʯ񱬷ѹ
ʯǱŭһϢǣаǿ˲䱻ֲѹ˵֮⡣
꣡
аǿǱ˵һ˲䣬ʯϵѷԽԽ࣬գʯ񳹵׷飬ɢ
ҶҲû룬ʩչ׶ݡηĹס쾵ͿľˡͬʱͷһԶƾʧصʥͼ֮ڡ
ವһηĻһ׹⣬Զ
ϹķЦһͻȻһŻ棬۳һ˳ǹһ׷ɱȥ
ۿǹη֮ϣһɫķ볤ǹײ
һǹһ࣬һηУݻһַġܷıݻһ֣Ҷ˻ǳɹıˡ


461 
Ҷ˱ߵʱ֮ĳ֮أͻȻӿķģգֱƲ񷣬ڷԼԼһɫӰӡ
ԲǧڶţոŤ
Ҷ˵ġ׶ݡϹӰ죬ƫǡñ͵˴˵أ˷С
ĺһҶ˸޷סΣһϣһֱڣҲ֪˶ãҶȫ˺ɫС
ħħ֮⣬Ҷ˸ζ
ʲôطľɫء
Ϲƻ˴Ǳ󴫵ұ˷СЩǴһɢġҶ˵룬Ӧ棡
ƺӡˣǲ֪Ϊγȴֳ˷ӡ쾵ֻ˵ڳƷӡʵûгɹ
˭ӡģ˭⿪ӡҶɻ
쾵ץסһħнէ쾵ƾճ֣ħ쾵֮ϣ쾵ͷų⣬ħ
ţ쾵ҧָ⣬쾵ָѪ˽ȥܿ죬쾵ϱ֡
ħ
Ҷ塢쾵Ϳľͬʱɫ䡣
ʱ쾵֮Ͻֳֻ֣ûȫ֣쾵ǾѪ漴쾵һ飬һ쾵ġ
쾵ɾǵѪɫص˵һɺǿӡˣڵΪ㲻˭ӡ˺һԿ϶ǣ˵غħһйأ˵طħһǿҲ˵
ħˣҶɫ䣬²ĪǺħǿߵģ
쾵˵ͷ
ȻＫпħǿߵģӦĳλǿµġľ˵
ĪɵˣҶ²⡣
пܡ쾵˵˵ؼȻпǷӡħǿ֮أҪȥºѣ
ҶͿľ˵ɫˡ
쾵ҵ·Ҳ˵ľɫص˵
Ĵҿûû뿪ĳڡҶ˵
ľ˺쾵˵ͷ˵ħȥ

ҶȥѰҳڵʱӰԭ֮
û뵽Ȼ˾ˡһЦɬͻ
϶ѣΪǡһ˵˵ǳϡ
ȻϣֺαᡣһЦ˵Ҳȥ
˵ûȻϣֺαȥǡϵ˵ԶаѾˣھͲؼһˣЩϼһ᲻Ӧʲô
ղŷӡƿʱϰйħסˣǾڸ֮ڣǾԲܷʲôͷĺˡһЦ
׼ô꣬Բʧܡϵڡ
ǺǣĪʧܶܳ𣿸οǸʧܣһЦ
ûȷʵʧܡϵЦ֣ҲƻǵĻᣡ
ţϵֵ˿Բܣ쾵һСӱߡ
ղûпʹ쾵ʱ򱻷ˣΪ̫ͣﲻʲôһ˵οѵ˽쾵һĳƢԸĻҲǡ
Ϊǿ԰Ը⣬ҲԸ⣡ϵ
ǵΪһЩ˵ɡһЦûĵʱȥҲ٣ֻҪ޼½ϣ㻹˲ɣ
ҵѾľˣϣʱҪҶŭϵǱ䡣

ʱҶѾɵʮ֮⣬Ǹ֪ӰĴڡ
طûκγڡľɫѿ˵ܷӡħǿߵıӳȥңħʵ̫ŹˣȻ
Ҷ쾵һۣȻ֪ľ˵еΣǶȥȱԪħĵطǸ˶á
ңħƺ˱죬ȻǵˣħʶڹꡣҶȻɵ֣Щħ̫ԵȻˡ
쾵Ϳľ˸Σգ˵ɫԽԽ԰ף÷ǳήҡ
УǱտȥҶ롣
ǣֿʼѰҳڡ
ʱ֮˵ɫ԰׵˼㣬Ҷ΢һЩҲ챻ľˣʶܵħĹҲ˲Сˣʱѻָ
쾵Ϳľˣûɵ֣ܵ˺ǵʶ⵽Ѿûʱε
ҶʥͼʥͼȫͼУ˺ܿƾճһڡ
ľ˺쾵𾪲ѣ˭ʥͼ治𾪣
ǰϢһ£ٳȥҡҶ˵ţѾ˵ϡ
ľ˺쾵ڻָƽҲ
ȻʨүЦҶУʵа취뿪
ʲô취Ҷ弱æʵ
ľ˺쾵ҶĻһ㶣ǺȻӦԭںҶ˵
Ӧ֪սɣʨүЦŴ
Ҷ˵ͷȥս᲻֪ս
ʥͼÿ㶼һʯţʯſԽսʨүЦŴ
ҶȼȾϲǽȻüͷսֻȥͬû취뿪
׳գʨү㲻ıʥͼȻʥͼսһ㲻Ϳ뿪𣿡
Ҷɫ䣬ûȷʵһð취
£Ҷʨү˵İ취쾵ˣ쾵һܳԾû뵽ҶսŶС



462 ʥ
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һľĺڻĮ֮ϣҶ塣ʨүİ취ɹĽսı𣬴˿̾üĵʥͼС
ҶԶͿһֱʥ飬ӰʥܣЩ˵Ϣǿ󲿷ֶûгԽ󾳡
ȥʥ濴һ
ΪԽߣʥ֮󣬱͵ĲԽߣҶڵΪӦûᱻ͵㣡ʥ㣬ǿӵ߽ʥΣ֮ء
ѾǰҪָѾˮ׼Ҫʮ죬ʥ֮ǧҪСģ쾵ʥͼд
ǰģһСĵģҶͷԶʥȥ
Ҫʥɱˣñӡǡ
ҶɫƵķɱҶ壬õӡǡ
ٺ٣һ˾ȻҲսһаЦ
ˣɣЩ˾ˡһѵ
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ڼͬʱɱҶ塣
ҶѾǰûʹ󷨣Ǽ˲׺齣һ죬۳һ޴ޱȵĽײһˡ
ͬʱҲγ˱ľһˣһνնɱ
һ־ʹ˽׾Ž
һ죬һ߼ֵըĴ䣬˵һߡͬʱֹ߳νһľ촫˷
ߵˣ
ߵжһ𣬼æתߡ
Ҷ߶¥֮׷ȥ

ʱҶֻصʥԱߣѾնɱߡ׷ɱߵʱ򣬾Ȼвֻɱͬɱ
ɱЩ˺ӡѾ㹻ˣʥ
ʥҶ屻͵˵㣡
ǿƣҶʱǰԶмɱֻʥ顣
ߣ컯ɱʥ飬ҲԱ߿̽ǰɱʥȺУһЦһ
ĻǰȺУһȵ
ҲأҶЦ
컯ŵĵҶĻЦ˴ΧʥĶ˳Ӱ˸˼¾ͳҶǰ
ߣѾˣһ컯ŵЦһҶ壬˷ԪҲ֮Ҷѹȥ
˵Ҫ𣿡ҶЦ׺齣һ˳ȥ죬˷ѹԪֳǸ컯ŵȥ
һʵ̫죬컯ŵֻ̫⣬ûüܣͱҶն룬ʧӡҲһҶüġ
һзʵ̫ˣ컯ŵ귴ӦʱǵͬѾҶնɱˡ
Ȼɱ컯ŵˣ컯ŵ걩ŭͬʱҶ塣
ֻ·˵ضѣǾȻɱңڻ׼һ֣ô˵ǼȻɱˣҪɱ׼
ҶЦ˫˫ͬʱն
Ԫնʽ
Ԫնʽ
棬ͬʱնɱ컯ŵĵӣ컯ŵĵӼæñֵһ˵ı飬նϣ˲䱻г롣
Ҷɱ컯ŵĵӵʱ컯ŵĵǡðֻʥնɱԼͬ鱻ɱˣǶʱŭȫɱҶ壡
һʮˣߣмѾڣҶѾǰʶѾ˴ˣЩ˵Ķ֣
Ҷ߶¥֮һ˵ԶЦ컯ŵĵӶϲԶʤ𣿡
һ˱ɱ㣡ΪǸڵЦǵɱҶ壬һȭԪȭͷϯȥ۳ʯѹҶ塣
Ҷ嵥Ԫӡ˾ʯ֮ϣһʯ顣
Զս컯ŵ޲Ծ룺ӦǵؽƷƷ似
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Ҷ컯ŵٴɱһײ쳹졣
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춯صײ쳹컯ľʯȫҶûԪӡӡ顣
ߣ컯ߣ˵֣ȫ˲䱻ɫʯֱһʯˡ
ֺ컯ɱҶ壬ֿȭûκαһȭըֲޱȡ
Ҷ޾壬ȭӭȥսģⱾ壬ԣȻǿ
һȭཻҶ˼ȽϴǰʵȻ½Գ컯Ŀ
ʶûбеħ֮ǰһȭȥǸ컯ȭͷѾˡҪ֪ʶû֮ǰǿԺ󾳳ڵһս
ߣʦֱֱ֮ǲԶս컯ŵӿҶ屻һȭˣȫЦ
ߣֻʵ͸Һ컯ŵĵӽа壬ȷʵԲ
Ǹ컯ŵҲһٴγɱҶ壬˫ȭͬʱȭ֮𵴣
ҶЦٿز׺飬һ˫ȭ˳ȥ
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սȭͷȭͷײĻ𻨣һΣҶв׺İû·磬սƽ֡
ͻȻɱ·УƬƬĴɳ졣
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ʦ־Ȼˡ
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Ҷ̧ͷ컯ŵĵӣЦ컯ŵĵҲˣͬһսҶĳʱ򣡡
ͬһս
컯ŵĵųĬˣղǵʦֱҶһС綼ˣȥսǲ룬һĲɵĵ
ߣһȺ
ȻһԵޱȵ쳹գһ컯ŵǰǿϢϯ˷Щ컯ŵĵӲ˼
컯ŵĵǿ꣬ɫһ䡣


463 С
ʦ֣
컯ŵĵӶԺ
ǺòãŨüޣ֮
ǶԼҪΪ컯ŵĵӣȴܶ컯ŵȥ֮ȫţʲôʱԼٴŻ
ǣ
컯ڵӹӦ˿
긩Ҷ壬Цĸɵˣ
컯Ű׼Ҷү캮쾵Ҷ壬˵ϣΪһ˴ѡ֮һ߸ˣϳΪС
ҶĿһ̧ͷŰ캮ĸɵˣʲôϵ
캮ûжŭЦԼĸɶҳ𣿡
㲻üҡΪҸûáҶЦˡ
ߣ캮Ц㲻˵Ҳ֪ɵ˾Բ᲻Լݣ˭ĵӣȻҶ컯ŵˣ
㲻ľ𣿡ҶЦ
ΪҪʣ𣿡캮ЦҰ캮ֻǿߣ֤㹻ǿվһߣ컯һߣϵĹǿ߶ߵģ㾳̫ͣҲռˣܽȭҾǸ
δ䣬캮һһȭҶ壬ԲڵԪϯȭӡҶ壡
ҶһȭԪ۳һӰһȭ
¡
һ죬ȭཻ֮˷վ𶯡
񱩵Ҷʮ棬ͬʱľӰҲ֮ɢ
Ҷʶûܴû֮ǰҶԲǱ캮ǿҲֻ󾳳ڻڶѡ
ҶǱʮЩ컯ŵĵǵϾ¶˼֮ɫ
ʥСʵȻ˴ȴҲͬǸҶܵס캮ȭȭҶɣ
ղһȭֻѣһȭҽ߳
캮ȭͷ룬ȭͷȼһ
һȭδֲϢѾؼ䣬캮Щ컯ŵӾֵˣҿ캮
Ҷɫ΢䣬ǰȻ°캮һȭȴӲһȭΪһȭѾشߵҲӲӡ
캮Ȼ˵ֻȭȴ˵ҪҶһţȭ֮ںɱҶ塣˵ϵĹǿΪ߶ģûκƶʸģҶߡ
ԣɱҶ塭ֻҪȭѣ
òȭ
캮ˣһȭɱҶ壬˷Ԫʱȭͷȼһ
ȭδҶ˲Ѿ
¡캮һȭ£Ҷ֮رһӣгҡ
ȻʬǶɻҽˣ컯ŵĵЦ
޴캮ȻЦһ̧ͷǰԶ
컯ŵĵҲ׷̧ͷȥǰԶиˣ˲ǱˣҶ壬ҶƯһģâ˸
Ҷߵķģ컯ŵĵڷӦԭҶһʦ
СˣһȭûлԼˡ캮ЦΪҲκλᣡ
δ䣬캮һʧԭأʯ֮䣬ͳҶǰٴγȭ
һȭǵصҴ˷ӿҶ壬ûҶߵĻᡣ
䣡
һҶѾûҵС
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һ컯ŵĵɫˣѵ˵ʦֳڶȭʱѾˣֻһ
ʦ֣϶߲Զһ컯ŵĵӺȻڡ
캮ЦȻ˵ֻȭǾֻȭʲô֮ѾȭĪҳ𣿡
컯ŵĵǻ֣̿˵ҡ
Ļ񹫲ȥ˭ҵһԪʯ˭ܻ׽ǰʮԪʯ캮Ը
ǣʦ֣컯ŵĵӹӦ
ϣ´μʱܽʮȭ캮Ц
ʦ֣ƾôܽסʮȭ컯ŵĵЦ
ΪսѾ㲻ϧȻ̫ˡ캮ڡ
컯ŵĵͷǡ

Ҷǣס캮֮󣬾׶ݰԼ͵ʮ֮⡣
ϢЩңǰʹ׶ݵʱЩ
˺֮ȥһسӣСǿȻܿ㡣ԵЦʥͼд
˵ҲȥģҶĿһԶȥ
;У˲ɵĵӣЩ˾Ȼͬʱһˡ
ߣǸǧСôˣ
СѾܾûսˣһΪԶҲٳˡ
С㣬ҪСˣ
СӺǸӾǴģ
˵Ǵʥˣ
Īǻ˲ɣȻʥս£
㻹˵ˣС˵ȷʵˣϣ
ϾȻƤôˣ
˵ǳħţˣǰ޽ɰ
ѵû˳ֽѵ𣿡
ȻУСǸʦӵ̫죬߳ҲûǸӣ
ɵ˳ûУ
Ժƺˡ
˭
ս죡
սֵĻǿ϶Ӳˣ
ˣսȥȥץǵģǺ֪ôģȻѡ
ģСӸսԻҩɣ
û֪ˣ֮սѾС֣˭Ҳȥǣ
ϴҴɱСˣѵͲ𣿡
кüɵĵӰ̾ǸСɣҵС֮һս죿
Щ˵ĻҶĪǣ
뵽һˣΪߵʵ̫ˡ


464 ֪
˵ǸʲôطҶļɵӡ
Ƕ㶼ô֪ʲôطһɵĵ˵
ĪҲԹǵĿһɵĵӺȻʵ
ҶĿһ˵ͷ
ɵĵǾҶͶȥͬĿ⡣
ѣΪʲôҪȥǣһɵĵʵ
ȻǱ𡣡Ҷɫλģʱһλֻعģ
ûǲҪȥˣʵ̫ײˡһɵĵȰ
ɵĵӽ˵ж˸Ժĸ֣ȥȫ
ôǵģҶȻʡ
ֻ࿴̵ļʦһǰǧľȻͰǵ·ѹ⣬ȻǵϡҪñ˾ˣͱʥˡһɵĵӺȻ
ƺʲôޡҶЦ
㲻֪ǰǧĻƨϿ˼֡ɵĵǼʹޡ
ʲô֣Ҷʵ
һɵĵεЦֶ˵£Ҳա
ٺ٣ԣԣҲգɵĵЦŵ˵ͷ
ѣһοǱߣһɵĵӳĶָ˹ȥʱƼǵʱڳһߣǾڲڣҲұ֤
л
ҶһЦŶƿշȥ
Ҷߺһɵĵ˵˵Ǽһʲô취ĥ
²͸Ǽһ˵ֶʵ̫ˣѾ˵ʮ֡һò˵
Ըˡڴɵһۣ̾ϢϾ֮ɫ

Ҷ峯Ŷ߷ʮȴûпκ˵Ӱ
ַ˰ʱڣǰһ죬һԹĲҽ쳹ʣҪ濴ǣ
濴ãһЦŻص񷡣
ȻǣҶһЦķȥ
ҶԽԽһЦԶɽд
ƽͷʨҪû𿾲㣡
СҾãһЩ
Сҡϲ
ߣ˵ͿنµĻʲôҲûУ
Ҷ峯ɽ￴ȥֻһֻƽͷʨƽͷʨķţá
Сӣһ˴һϮ£쵰üëϸ촽ܱ㣬ᡣ
Ҷһˣɵ˵СһԺ˽ѣǸʥİС֮һս죡
꣬Ҷʵ޷ǡս족
ȷҶˣս̧꣬ͷҶڷȥЦ¼ȻˣΪʲôһ
СҲҶڷȥ
Ҷ˳ȥ
Ҷ壬СȾϲЦҶ磬û뵽ȻҲʥ򡣡
ҶߵСߣЦ˵㶼Ϊʲô
ٺ٣Ҷ磬ǸƯôûһ𣿡СЦ˵Ǽ⡣
¥ʥ򡭡ҶһЦ꣬ʵС㻹ûҽλء
СδڣЦ¾Ժս졣
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ȼս죬ݵĳԾЦ˵Ҷ塣
ҶʱͷʨӡսЦ
ҶһЦҲϲųԡ
սΣҲΡ
£İѻƽͷʨˣֻ壬ȴĻƽͷʨû
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ʮڣ
˶ɱһ߾ȻõʮԪʯֱµڱûʲôֱҪ֪ʮԪʯɶƷԪʯ
컯ţôֱʣ
õҶ廭˸п
ֻͨߣᱻôԪʯ𣿡п֮࣬˲ɻ
ô⣬ΪҲֻѣܷʲô˺ܲм˵
Ӷûдѵ컯Ҳ֪˭ô컯ΪʲôҪץ˶ɻ
Ȼû֣ǾҽϺˡһЩǿ߰Ҷȡ˸ӡ
ܿ죬ϡ־ͱ˳ȥ
ûã˰ѡϡˡָҶϡͿֶһָ֡
һУҶ嶼֪С˰ѻƽͷʨֳ֮СС֪֪ôսȥʦԺ
ٺ٣ȳʥҾʹȥҲҪȥʦԺСЦ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҷ磬ĪͶʦԺСʵ
СĻսЦû뵽Ҷ־Ȼʦ
Ҷ˵ȥʦԺΪ˳ΪʦԺĵӣ쾵ȻĶУΪʦԺĵӣа
ԣҶ忴Сս죬ͷȷʵʦԺ¡
ٺ٣ղҲ˵ҲҪȥʦԺʵҲʦԺСЦʦ˵ˣʦʺϽңҼʦԺ
ãǿһʦԺҶЦ
ٺ٣ʦԺ׾١СЦ
С֮ǰ˵ҲûʮɰܽʦԺ𣿡ս쿴С档
˵𣿡С˱ս죬϶ˡ
ս˵һϲõĽ֪Ӻδҵˣָ
ָ
ҶСɻ󣬲ĿԶУֻһһҶ塣
ʮˣѪʢǿޱȣǿҶ壬ǰʱһĿޱȡ
Ҷ屻Щ˻ȵĿ⿴ͷƤ顣


465 ʦԺ
ЩΪҶ˷ܵʱСЦλ
ǡ㣡
ץҶȫһ
ٺ٣ǻԵһЦǺ
ЦЩУȴһҲ񣬼ֱȶħЦݻҪ¡
ƺҶܸȤСЦ
󡭡磡Щĭ
һЦʵֻ·ѣǾͲżλˡ
˵ţѾȿ˽Ҳɢߡ
ѻ˵𣿡ҶЦ
СһЦüͷųͷģһһ꣬ס˶ԷѶԷü׹£һˤ˵ϡ
˵Ǿڴʲô⣿СĶ䣬ЦǺǵʵ
ҡֻ·ѡ꼱æ
ҶЦСԸ˵滰ˣһô죿
ٺ٣һеĶ䣬ȻеıӣеġСĿ¿ȥЦ
¶־֮ɫæͷ˵˵
˵صĿĸҶˡ
ĻСһ㶣Ҷ磬ʲôʱ컯ŵˣǾȻûʮԪʯץ㣡
˵һ䣺ץҲֻԸԪʯѣ
ҶСĹݸ
Ѿʵʵ˵ˣǷ߰ɡȻ
СһЦӻȡһ֧ëʣĿӰд˼֣СһΣ
дֺСǺЦӽ쿪ʼ̵ˣԺ鷳Ļ⼸ǿ
Ҫ޵ĳ嶯鲻Ըĵ˵ͷ
ˣˡС˰֡
ҲƵƿշߣ߷ɱſӡ
ٺ٣ѾٸˣʦǱԹ̫٣֪ٸͽ϶ῪĵĲˡСϲ̵Ц
Ҷϵļⲻ鴤֪µĻ϶ᱻ
Ҷ磬˵캮СѾͻ󾳣ǻĶ֣ȽҲͻ󾳣֣Ҳƨд֣СЦ
ҶЦҡҡͷҪдҲҪдϣ
ٺ٣˵û΢٣СЦҶ磬ھȥʦԺð캮СսҺˣҿܲҵ㣡
Ҷ˵ͷ
£һ뿪ʥ

ʦԺʥ򼫱ɽУһ㴩ڹϵУȺɢҫ۵ĹâԶԶȥеĵҹеķһ
ЩȺ룬һԲνƵǵϼɣ˲ֱӡ
ͬʱÿһξ룬ͻһɸߵĸÿ϶ǿӸ߿տȥͻ֣ᷢĸаʮγһ
ʦԺµĻ̴ҪžŰʮһϵֻ֣ؾԲҲɡ
֣Ϊ١Ϊٲ
ֻҪٴڣʦԺ˸ҴǾаҲУ
ʥʦԺ;ԺΪʥأ֮˸޷
ʦԺߵһ㳡ϣһʯţʯšͨսʯţʦԺʮֱλʦԺʮͬλá
˿̣ߵʯŹâҫ˴ʯ˳Ҷ壡
Ҷѱʥͼʯ߳ʱмеС߳ʯŵʱ򣬾ȻҲǱ
쾵Ҷ壬СһֿռǵıڿռУֿռֻؾʦƳģֻʹʮΡ
Сս첢֪ҶʥͼΪҶһҲпռ
Ҷ߳ʯź󣬸ܿʦԺ˹ǿսʱ򣬾¶ЦݣһЦʦ֣ʢʦֵİɣ
ǲڰɣսЦ
һʦԺЦʢʦȷʵڡ
ȥʲôطˣսʵ
ʦԺĵͬʱҡҡͷ
ʦ֣Ȼˣ㲻ʦԺס죬ʢʦ˵ϾͻһʦԺĵһЦҶСʵʦ֣⼸λǡ
ʦԺʦģսЦ
ʦʦԺĵǺǲĴСҶ塣
ʦԺÿһεӣھһͽֻѡһʦԺĵӺί˵ҪǿСҶǸսģͽСҶˡ
ٺ٣Ƕ⡣СЦ
Сֵ֪е¸صǰƼʦԺǲͽġʦԺĵ˵
ٺ٣ô֪ûƼСӻȡһţЦǿ԰Žǵĳϣţҵ֮϶ԸҼʦԺģ
ʦԺĵһۣһ˴˵ûƼʦԺҿȰŽ˵
ʦԺĵӵ˵ͷһ˶սҶ˵ʦ֣λСֵܣȴȥϢϾͻ͵ϡ
£Ҷ˸ʦԺĵȥ
ʦԺĵӰҶ˰ź֮ȥҳȥˡ
ڣҶüһʥͼɳ쾵Ϳľ˴ʥͼһ
ٺ٣ܳˡľ˺ٺЦ쾵ϴʦԺʱѾǺüǰ˰ɣ
쾵˵ͷ
쾵ǰλѾ˭ҶȻЦʵ
λʦԺ̫ϳ֮һ쾵ЦʦԺ̫ϳϲʮʦԺĵλɲͣϲĴΣôʦԺܼܲδ֪֮
ʶѾܵ˴ˣʱ޷ʹ쾵ǿһѾڲʦԺ


466 ʮҴ

ʱʦԺĵӴҶС뿪˷䡣
쾵ͿľҲ߳˷䣬ʦԺ˿ҶͻȻİߣо֣ûжʲôϾҶǸսġǲ²⣬İʵһֱڿռڣҲ֪ʲôԭԵڲų
ʵսСҲ֪쾵Ϳľ˵ݣȻɻȴûжʲô
ܿ죬ʦԺĵӾʹҶһտĹ㳡㳡иֱɵˮء
ˮƯŶʮСۣʮСгһȦηֲͷȫ׼ߣβԵķһԲСʯʯˮߴɡ
ҶС˾ɻΪʲôʦԺ˻
һϾҪˡһʦԺӺȻҶС˵
Ļ䣬ӰʹԶҶ˲Զ
ˣһʮӣݲϣĿȴ䣬һǸˣǳĮһǧ֮ӡ
߿ҶСĮ˵ƼҲͨԲܽʦԺʦԺ֮ˡ
̧ͷԶˮеĶʮС˵ǿЩ𣿡
ҶСȻߵİǻǵ˵ͷ
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ҴʦֵƶʮҴһˣǸҶ˵صԺӰȻ˵Ĵʦ֣ǵҶϴɽ棡
ҶСɫ䣬Ҳ˵ʦԺһ˾ʮͨʮţ棬еš
ݵĳԾСȻʵˮΪʲôжʮҴĪƶʮҴɣ
ʮҴʦԺʷߵһ¼
ǸҶ˵صԺӽ˵ʥڵոͻƵѾɱĴΣƶ˶ʮҴΪֹû˭Ƶڵļ¼
ҶȻܳԾȴܿͻָƽϾʨү˵ʥ޼½һ֣ʥ֮ʣҪʥû츳ܱʥΪʥʣ
СȴѾ𾪵˵
ʦԺҪƶҴ˵Ҳ˵ǵҪͨߵ屶Ҵš
ٺ٣ҶС˵ʵ̫ˡСгЦ
Ҷȴüͷʶܵ˴ˣѾǰܲƶҴҲûʮɵİա
ȻƼˣȻֻƶҴ߻˵ΪʦԺŵӣҪƶҴУĻֻƶҴĻǾֻȥŵӣ
ٺ٣ҾͰңʲôѵģСǺţûߵĻ¡
ҶȴüͷҪǰʮһüͷȴûаա
쾵ͿľҲΪҶ嵣ǺҶһ᲻֪Ҷ״Ҷ״̬ҪƶңȷʵЩǿһҲûʮɵİա
ߺʼղ˵˱Ҷı飬֮ɫ
ϲƼԺˣΪǵԺʱǿԼƴȡĻᣡԣ۱Ƽ˭жܲм
㱻Ƽţǵ̬Ҳᷢκθı䡣
ٺ٣ʲôʱԿʼСЦѾȲˡ
ʲôʱʼУϷûǣ޷ͨԵĻʦԺǲǵġߵĮ˵
ٺ٣µʱСֹһˮ˹ȥˮʯ֮ϡ
˿˹ȥֻСʯϣüͷųͷɢס˰Ҵ
Ȼһ־ƶҴǿǸʼû˵Цһ
û˵ǴпԿҲЩСƶҴȻСϾƼˣ룬СƶҴҲ˵
ȻСɫ΢䣬ԾЩȻ
ͨĴһδ徳ͨ˶ƶα˵ЩĲϲɽΪˣֻϵ߲ƶңҪͬʱƶҴҪй˵ͷոմѾˣʲôƶЩ
΢٣˵ŶˣɱϷû㣬ֻƶأѴƵߣ򼴱ôˣҲأ
ԣСҵʱ䣬æͷƶҴ
ˣһңǰң
ˮطҴСͷƶ£Ű߻ƶ
ߺ˵ıԽԽʣû뵽СȻɾƶ˰Ҵ
Ҷ岢⣬ĵӣͨˣ
ڣҴȫִ˰ߣСʦԺĿˣ
ߺɫһ䣬룬Īһ˵Ҳôǿ
ٺ٣Ҳûô˵ôѣ
СȻЦ촽˵һܲһԣ
ֻҪ㻹ܼȥ㶼ܼȥ˵
СϲٴͷųͷסʮҴ
Сӷˣ
ߺͬʱɫ䡣
ʮҴǿǴ󲿷Ŷ޷Խĺ蹵Խȥˣ֮١ʦԺҲоʮ˶ѡ
ʦԺʦʥضųʮţҲѹߺ˻˵Сˡ
ҶĿһСȻƽʱϲ֣ɾԲçײ֮ˡ


467 ƫ
ҶСȥμʦԺĿ˵ʱʦԺĳطſ֮ȥ
ĵӾȻˣʦ֣ȥ¥ʥӦüĵӰɣǸųЦ
Ǳ˳Ϊʦ֡ˣ޼
ҵȥ¥ʥʱ򣬲ûмûмͽܡȻûмĵӣƢԸ񣬾Բոӹŵͽܡ޼˵룬ӦƶٰҴɡ
ҡŵУҲѾٮٮˡЦʮƶʮҴˣҲֹֻʮ˶ѣƶʮҴϵˣֻʢ˶ѡ
һ˳ƶʮҴˣѾעʦԺʢ޼ЦԴԺԺ֮ʦԺѾüûгƶʮҴˣҺóʢֵܡ
л̳Ժ²ʢεҡҡͷǺӵ̫϶໨ЩʱĻĳɾ;Բ
䳤٣޼̾űϾţġ
ҡͷЦ䳤ȷʵǸ̥һ£һ죬Ǳȴƫƫû١
ʥֻؾԺʱ̾Ϊʲô䳤ٲʦԺ޼
ϣʢСǵڶ䳤٣̾
ҸϣԼ޼ڡ
Цˣûٶ˵ʲô

֮ء
Ǹߺ˵ɴ۾
쾵ͿľˣԼսɫҲˡ
ˮУʮҴСȻƶʮҴ
ʮҴƵߵʱСɫѾü԰ף̧ͷҶˣŴЦٺ٣ʮҴҲˡͻƵڣһԿģ
ߺǺܼЩƼţǣţŵֻӵĵزо֮ˡ
еֻ
ʦԺѾƶʮҴţСټʦԺʵ޷ʦԺǿʢʲôز
ǼʱСѾһԾһҶߣҶ壬ЦҶ磬ҲԿ룬϶ֹʮң
ҶһԾվʯ֮ϡ
ǾΪҪǿ쾵Ҷ壺䲻֪һʲô֪ʶڵħ룬ǹӦòϰħɣ
ǰȷʵʶڵЩħ˵ûʱڣȷʵû취ħȫꡣҶ崫룬Ҫ꣬ٻҪ죡
ںеʱ˴ħʶڸ࣬Ϊɵ֣ܱѣȻкͬһսʵ
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Ѿ̫ϳϣӦúܴܿϻ޼Ц
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ۿ͹Լսһ𣬼Ǿа̵ˣҲض;аʲôϵ޼ĿһûʲôϵĻΪʲôɼʬ˵ķҲҪߣ
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Ȼܣ޼ЦƶҴûʸʦԺ
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ⳢĻأǴʦԺµģȻ˵йŹ֣ǳʵڻʦԺ𣿡
ܣСȻվ˳Ҷ츳Σ᲻֪˵ˮ⣬һ⣬ϼһƾʲôţ
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аʦԺɫһ䡣
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˼ս쿴Ҷ彥ԶȥıӰЦ

Ҷ뿪ʦԺʱʦԺߵһ⣬һ깧ʦ֣Ѿ뿪ˡ
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䣬ڵ˵ӰȻʧڣȻи󣬷ڵȻѾˡ


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ǲûԶʦԺС
ѵΪԺĻûзҡ쾵˵룬ӦòԺ
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ģҲɱġЦ
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ʱǰ뿪ʦԺھԲߵ̫ԶŮ䣬һöѶ
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ϷʦԺĳϣץϷ򣬵ںʦԺΪУòҪ󣡡Ц
ЦĪֻ׼ɱң׼һ֣ҶЦ
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Īһӣ˲ŭЦ
ʲôʱûκвʱһ㡭Ҷʧ



471 ннн
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476 ˮ
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ҶҲͷԨΪȻҲԨĵײ̧ͷǰͷųʶʶ̽ǰʶȴסˡ
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Ǳиڹŵˣԣ˵һ׼ҵˣ׺ᣡ
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֣ͷųʥǿ֮ǾŲʶȻҲսˡҶ帽ھŲʶϵͷҲ˴󲿷֡
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ԿźڹЦ׹ǻǱҵģȻ˵Ķʵڶ
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綼ҩɾˣ׺Ϊ˱ˣ˻м𣿡
ٺ٣Ҵ˵Ϊʥĺˣ۱ôǣǶӦüرġЦ
Ҷһֱû˵ȤĿһС
׺ĬˣðſڣΪʲôôˣ
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׳գ׺һһͷԣâݺᡣ
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䣡һ죬ײ֮Ԫ֮ĺ˲䱻顣
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479 ֵ
ԣѵ֪׹ǻҪĪ˱˲ɣ׺Ц
ٺ٣˵ĹͷĶҲҪԴЦ
׳գ׺ƿڴ
׺ᱻԲסҶ屾ûȡ߰׹ǻǾʱһһڰ׹ǻԱߣժ˰׹ǻ
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϶벻սҴ˾ȻԽԽˣԳ̾
ΪʲôҶɻʡ
ΪܽסҴȭˣҫԼסȭܽסȭͬҫҡͷҴȻһսı׼һЩսҴˣΪӮҴ磬ǿԼսжǿ
Ҷ岻ݸ
Ҵɴ뿪ʥ򡣡ε˵ѾüûмҴˡ
ѵ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҵǰ˵Ϻͱ˴ͻ˵
Ҷʱ
ˣղƺǺˮڵһģΪʲôֻһˣԺȻʵ
Ҳ֪ȥʲôطҶЦ
Ҷļ򣬺ٺЦطΣգȥʲôطȥ
ҺزʶΪʲôҪңҶԡ
ԴЦҴ˵ҵҪʥ־ר²ƽ¡ΪôͣĹ϶ܶ鷳ҵȻҪһѣ
Ҷ˺ð죬ſЦõĳ̾Ǹ˰
ٺ٣ʵܶ˶ô˵Ц
ҶһЦʵ֣֪Ĺ˽٣
˯ĵطʲô˽ģЦ˵
ȻˣΪʲôҪҶЦ
ߣߵҪҲֹط
ĪǶĹ˽⣿Ҷæʵ
ԳƬ̣˵Ҽǵƺ˵ǧǰֻǸͨĵѣ֪֮ʲô飬ͻȻŨ֮֡½˵ǵ̽飬ȴһ⣬ȫʧˣ
Ϊʲôʧ٣Ҷʡ
˵ɵҲѰңȴʲôҲûз֡˵֮ˣ죬˾Ȼ˵ϿһĹᡣ
ԣ˻ĹһֻؾǿµģҶ˵
Ե˵ͷֻĳЩ˵Ĳ²ѣʵ˭Ҳ֪Ĺ˭µģ֪Ĺʲô
Ĺ᾿ʲôµģҶ
ȻһԶУһ˵ЦŴ׹ǻҵģ
ԪԣҶɫ΢䡣
Īа׹ǻһ㶡
ȥ֪ˣ
Ҷȳ۶ȥԽ
ܿ죬ҶԾͿһȺˣȺ˵УаԵŵˣҲˮڵˣһ׹ǻ׹ǻѾԪС
Ű׹ǻԪԿЦֹ


480 Ĺᾪ
ʦ֣ô죿
׹ǻԪУˮڵĵӶżȥ
Ц׹ǻǳҪΪߵȥԸԪԣ˵סԵŵˣ
˵ѾȳɱԪԶȥԲˮڵӽˮڵɱİԵŵӶȥ

ɱԪһеһԵȻ֣һ򼧱ˡ
һƣһɫľӺȻУˮһͻȻͷųˮâȥ
ͬʱˮڵĵӷ׷׼Եı
䣡
һ죬ˮڵĵȫ˼ϸֳһĨ֮ɫ
Ҳ񱩵ĵâ˼һ֣ȻʱԪԵĿȻŲԶȥ
˽Ҳ˹ȥĿ֮ˣҶԣ
Ԫ¶˿ȣ촽Цԣɸһս
Ժҡҡͷң
Ԫһ㶣ŭȵ㻹ŵĵ𣿡
ȻǣЦ
ȻˣӦýҵսԪ
ҽӲսǲŵʲôϵ񿴰׳һԪԡ
Ԫһ㶣ҧ㾿Ҳҽҵս
˵ҲҡԺ޹ĿԪԡ
ԣˣңԪɫĵǰ׺Ĺʱ򣬲ǻڱٶ𣿡
ٺ٣϶ˡЦ׷׺ᣬǸٶȡ
зֱ𣿡ԪЦ
Ȼзֱ𡣡ԺٺЦ֮Ҫ׷׺ᣬΪ׺ӦңֻҪ׷Ͱĸͷ͸ңҲȥ׷
ҵսҲ͸һѸͷԪ˵
˭ϡĸͷûĵ׺ĸͷƳģȥҵڶѣ
ԪҲ̲סˣȵ㲻ӦҲôӦ
ವһԣһն£Եޱȣ˺ѿ
˵Ҳܣһˣ˲˵ʮɿ⣬ٶ֮죬˷˼
ߣԪԱȣŰԵ׷ȥ
һһ䣬ת˲֮ͳ֮⣬ʼգԪԶû׷ԣʼʮɵľ롣
ԣֻ𣿡Ԫŭȡ
ٺ٣ĲܣЦ
Ԫŭȣȫ׷ȥһɫ磬Եٶȸ죬һݣͱܿԪԡ
һǵ͹ǵʵɫ䣬Ծûг֣չֳʵҲѾȫϡ
ǲܣǲܡҶһԺĴȷʵеࡣ
ɵĵӣĸսȴƫƫϲΪ֡ҷǳϲ˽ֵĵӣʵЩࡣ
ԣΪŵĵӣȻҺԪĳһսԪԵŭϡ
ȻԸûԪԣȻЦǺǵĲ϶Ԫԡ
ٺ٣˺Ҳģ
һЦȻĿһһ˴Զ˾Ȼ׺ᣡ
ţһ겻ǱˣǱ콾죡
ԺпɲһдսǴս챧˫֣Ц׷㶯֡
ٺ٣ԪԣԵŵ˲óٶȣܿ㣬º׷׺Ц
ǰһ̻׹ǻ֪ΪΣھȻߵһ
ǿδأ
ԪԺȻһʹʲôطٴԣ
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һ죬𶯣һѷ˺ѿѷһ¶ǽڣЩǽɲ֮˸߿ƲУĶǽҶΧ
Ҷ塢׺ȫɫ䡣
ԺԪҲֹͣ׷̧ͷŲʯǽɫҲˡ
ߣƾǽҲסǣһԵŵĵߣһǽ֮ϣһǷɽǸԵŵĵӱ˼
ʯǽϾȻһۼû£
һĻˮںͰԵŵĵȻһ
ԪһԵնʯǽ֮ϣʯǽ𣬰ԪҲ˼𾪵ˣʯǽϾȻȻûκκۼ
ܳȥ
һˮڵĵӳϷȥתۼͻһڵ㡣
ȫ̧ͷŸ߿սʧˮڵӣȻһҽӸ߿дһкָֻܿƽ
һ淢ʲô£
ģòҪȥҶȻڡ
û˵ΪҶ˵ûղȥΪȻʱ䶼ûм־Ͳˣ˭ȥĻ϶·
ȻԪԿҶ壬ȥһ
Ҷ忴ԪԣЦΪʲôȥ
ֻ·ߡԪ
֪һ·ʲôҶ岻ŭЦ
·Ԫ㲻ȥĻھͿɱˣȥĻлĻᣡ
ڳ˵УҶһûй˵ΪĳĵӣԪԲŻҶȥ
ЦˣûгֹԪԣҲ֪Щʲô
׺ĿһҶ˵ʮϢ֮ڣȥԪԳ֣ұɱˣ
ҶЦЩ˻Լӣ˵ԺȻһڣЦٺ٣ҴӦҪҪȥĻҿԲԹۣ
Ԫ촽Ц㲻Թ۸ã
׺ԪһۣһĨ֮ɫ򼧱ˣȥ
һˮڵĵȫŵɫ԰ףͨͨ˼ࡣ
ҶͶȥĿ⡣
ʼնûˮڵĵһӹҶ壬ҶԼӡ󻹲ͶĿ⣬Ҷ峯ԿȥϣܰＧˡ
˶࣬ȥĻ˭κεǣЦ
˰˶в׺Ԫ


481 ׹ǻ
ʵǿһȥƣ澿ʲôҶֵĻֻؾǿߣ˭ǵĶ֣ʵס˻ΪԸôˣŻסǣ
ԣһҶ˵Ļе
ͬЦ
׺ĿһҲڵҲ޳ɣ
׺춼޳ˣ˵ʲô
ˮڵĵڳ˿ЩҶˮڵһ죬Щ޵ݡ
£˳Ϸȥ
ԽԽߣʼûƼʯǽľͷ
ڣ˿ʯǽľͷΪɲǣʯǽľͷЦһΣջҪ
ಡ
һɳɫǴ̳Ҷ˷
Ǵ̵ٶȼ죬һЩˮںͰԵŵĵӸͱǴ̻УǴ̻к󣬱֮˵üĲйǴա
ת֮䣬е˾ͱݿ£罩ʬҲûа겨
˾㤣ЩǴ̾ʲôɵģȻ
Īа̵ɻ֣Ҷɫһ䡣
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˾֮ʣǵصİ׹Ǵ˶
Щ׹Ǵ̣ȻæˣϷɡ
Ȼ졢׺ԪԵȴ޾Щ׹Ǵ̣˲˷ϣ֮׹Ǵȫǻ顣
ҶҲɱȥǾʱ׺ᡢԪ˵ǬͻȻһҫ֮Ĺââɢȥ֮˵ǬѾ˺ѣÿǬ涼ɳһ׹ǻճ˵ֱ֮ϡ
һĻ𾪡
ԭ׺ȥ׷֮Ҳõһ׹ǻѹ᲻پ죡֮࣬ҶкȻһ
ճֱϵİ׹ǻͻȻ飬˵ֱ֮С
ɫ䣬Լͬ˺䣬¶ֱۣǵֱ֮ϣȻһ׹ǻӡǣͺһϺɫ
˵ΪͻȻ½ܿʹ󾳵䵽
ٺ٣׹ǻѾסǵΪǿȥˣ
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һ˵ͼ˹Ǵ̹Ҷˡ
ҶŲʶ󣬾Ųʶ⣬Űѷɽնɱͬʱס˾ŸˡͬʱҲ̳֣͵ɱ
һʱɱ졣
Ȼ׹ǻӡΪսȴͼ಻£Ȼ޷Ƶ˵ķߣҲûˡ
ܿ죬ˮںͰԵŵĵֱɱ˼һ⣬ȫǴꡣ
Ǿ˭ȻҺԣ׺Ȼȡ
ٺ٣ֻˣʲôһֳֹǴ̵ӹЦ
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һЩ˾Ȼصˣûκ˼ˣҲѾϣڿȻ٣ȷʵѿǵ˶ɱˡ
ǵ˭ҶȻʵ
˭ƾҲ֪𣿡һЦ
ٺ٣һֶ͸¶ˣǸ󱲶ѣȷʵ֪ԺȻЦˡ
˶ѹǴͶԣವƿ
ԴЦһɨԪ籩ϯйǴ̶ʳƬ
˾㤲ѣΪΪʲôû׹ǻ
һ˾ɫ䣬Īǰ׹ǻ˵Ǹ˿ĹģΪԽߣԽпܵõ׹ǻһõ׹ǻƱػᱻסΪһĹھҲûԽ󾳵ˡ
˵ȴû㵽ԵΪȻܸߣȴ԰׹ǻмڹˣԣԵΪûбס
ٺ٣Ȼǲ˵˵ݣǾԼȥ
һЦǵĳˣһҳ֮Ѫɣĸ˵
˵Ҳв
ʱҶҲ߶¥֮ɱ֮У¥֮ޱȣ۳ءţҶ׺齣̳һ޴ޱȵĽ˼æǴ̵ֵ
ıѣݺᣬ˲䱻ɱ
Ԫٴɫ䣬Ҷǽ˱֮òϣҶȷʵкһսʵ
ڣ֣
ȻһɱҶɱɾˡ
ˮںͰԵŵĵӽȳˡ
ܿ죬˾ɱ˳ȥʯǽˡ
Ǵ˿̲֪ĹѾһʯǽָʮÿϷʮˣųڣһ˳ǾͻֻɱԷ
ɹɱԷ֮еĹǴ̾ͻѶԷա
Ҷ˵ȻҲһУûɱҶˣҶ˳
ӳĲֹҶˣҶӳɲǣԶһҲɳ˼ˣٰסչԼǸӾȻҲڡ
˺ٰ⣬ǸΰҶĶ˾ȻҲڣ
ߣòװô׾ܵˣ
һЦ쳹ĹᣬţкƵһźľǰ
ʵ̫ѾĹؼ˲һƬڰ
ϢҶɫ䣬¥ʥʱ޺۹ӵˣûгɹ
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гֵľȻҲɢͬϢֻ˵ǰžˣҲӵɻ֣
ӵѪֵˣħˣҲпǾа֮ˡӵɻֵˣֻпǾа̵ˣ
Ҷ̧ͷյľһֵǾа̵ˣ
а̣Ժɫ䡣


482 Ժͽ
ٺ٣ǵкü˶ҵİ׹ǽ䣬Ҳǽ⿪Ļ£ǵΪͻ䵽徳Ц
ԣ˶Цһɵˣûƽֹ֮ˣ
㲻Ըǣ˵ûжԸǵʵҶȻЦֵĻĹδסǣ
ٺ٣֮ǰǵôߣȷʵԸǡڲͬǵѾֻм߶ѣ˶ҵİ׹ǽ䣬ҲǱĶ֡ʵǣղűɱˣѾȫˣ
Цڵʵǰѽ⿪ҲϢӵ
δ䣬˶Ȼȫһˣ
˶ʱоԼҪһɻֲ̫Զ˵Ѿս
ͬʱֹһʱನգâ
Ȼ˾㤵ǣֻһ˵Ĺȫ˴С˿ֲʵֻؾܡ
ɫ䣬Ǳ뷢ʹѶȥȴĹƺˣϢ޷ͳȥ
ٺ٣˵˭ҲܵǵһָܹЦ
ߣŵҲҶҿǻòͷˣ
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Ŀȥһ´񱩵Ϣϯ˷һֻľ߹һ´Ŵͷͷе˰̣ʹƽ׺
´󺺣Դϲ׺ɫһ䣺Ԭƣ
֧ɣһΪţһΪţűԵļƿأԬƿأ´󺺣ǻŵĴʦ֣Ԭƣ
Ԭƺһλа˴Ȼֻǰ벽ֻؾΪȴѾԺֻؾһս
Ԭǰ˴ս֮һһȰİԵѪÿսؾȫսʱޱȡ
һ֣ûٺž˵仰Ǳֳһֻ׻Ӱһȭеľİ׻Ҳ̽צץ˾
Х𶯰˷Ѫڣ
Ҷɫ䣬˴ʵȻͬ죬¥ʥĴļҲԲ·
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Ҷ峯ŲԶȥһɢһƯڰеľƺ«ϣ겻ǱˣǾԺĴʦ֣ս裡
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ǰҶսĻûе£һҲ̫˴ˡ

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ʦ֣ôҲԺȻʵ
ٺ٣ԺЩϲ˵пǰǧǰЩħµģǷҪɡսЦû뵽ҸԬͷ
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ݵԥ֮Ҷ崫ǰҴӦ㣬һȫʦԺΪʦԺĵӣ
˾ȹΣһ͸̫󷨣ҲҪӦˡ
ͲһΪʲôҪô𣿡˴
ȫ˵ĻȻ˵οʦԺֲʲô£Ϊʲô׷ףҶЦʵ˵ʦԺǺ£ǶҶ˵ȴǻ¡
ڻȥʦԺμӿˣƱػᱻ޼˳ЦʦԺиҪȥ֮ǡ
Ȼ֪ЩĬƬ̺󣬴Ҷ壬˵ʦԺͽֻ֮ϣ»صʦԺ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ѾµΪʲôҪʦԺˡ
Ժǲһͽȥģŵ̫ϳϻԺ飡˴ϣΪʦԺĵӣ츳ΪŵӾûκ⣬ǿԺҲ㣡ʱֻҪԺҷʦԺҪԺ˾Բܾ
ҶȻ˵ı飬Ӷ˵˼˿
ȻҶĿһʵֻҪܵõԺ̫ϳϵͿ԰ǰطʦԺ𣿡
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ҶĿ˸Ҳ֪ʲô
ʱĹĳڴȻ߳һ̧ͷȥԬƣԬƻѪȻĹа̸ּսʱûռʲôˡ
ȻȫˣԬȴ治ɫĶս˵ľûУ


483 н
Ѿˣһ㣬ͻȻеˡսǺЦЦ
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ҺڴѹԬһЦͻȻƿշߣתۼʧǰ
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ˮһЦȻ⣬˵ʦԺһ·̣λ봬Ϣһ°ɡ
˵˵ͷ˴ա

Ҷ˸ȥʦԺʱ򣬱ڵĳ䲼ݻķڣ˿ŭĺȫǷȻСҲԸˣ
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Ůӵ治ɫ˾ˮȴ¶Ц
ҶĺŮѾ˱˭ȥɱСӣŮǲǷˣ˾ˮЦ
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ԣŮ˸˵Ц
Ů˵Ц˾ЦһҲ֪Щʲô
Ǹȥ

ͬʱ֮ĳɽУ⽥ŨľҶгɱ֮
˴ɽȣһٲͣǰһΪǰһ糤ѪɫѪɫƯţָŵ棬治硣
ûŽҲûʦͷٿؽǽȴƯţǹޱȡ
ǣȻ͸ģ͸ԿϵҶ
ǰȥһɿһѪɫҲǳ磬ҲƯڰУҲ硣ǰȻнɽУÿһɾһѽ飬ɽȡ
ȥɱˡ˵ЩҲ֪ǿ־廹ʲôԭ
ɱ˭ɽв֪δһӲɳƵ˵ƺѾϰ˵
ȡһö򣬲ûаɽȡ
ΪǰĽͻȻתһ䣬һһתɽ
ҿ𣿡ʵɲ
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ΪǸӣǾѡΣԿԲμѡΣ㲻ֻҪͨʦԺϻĵ飬ףҲԲμѡΡ
񽫹ʮѾʮλǿյģԣֻлǰ˲ܳΪ񽫡
⣬ĳϻṲаʮһϣд벿ֶɵˣĳʥͬ
ԣγϵɵĳΪס񽫣ȻҲѡеĳϰʦҲüɣκԼ
ңһΪ񽫣ɵĳһֻҪ̫֣һԶܵõ㡣
и񽫣뾫Ժ̫ϳΪһ
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ʱˮʦԺΪѡ׼䳡
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ʱûбߣҲڰеĿ̨ϾĿʼ׳ޱȵı䳡أʵʦԺ̫ϳͷġ
ҲֻʦԺܰ쵽ɸûǿʦ
Ҷͼ˷ɵһ̨ϣͬһ̨ϵˣаԵź׽ڵˣ
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ʮϵˣ໥սҵ˵λߵˣսԼߵˣҲսԼ͵ˡ͵ˣͬҲսϸߵˣֻҪһսɹͿԺͶԷȻλߵӮλ͵ˣͲûˡ
ˣһս˵ĻᣬһٴʧܣԶʧȥսʸ񣬳Ǳս㣬ǡӮˣԶֻԭȻûٴʧܣӮ˵Ļٴλһս˵ĻᣬҲ˵κ˶ʧΣ
һʼӮˣûսƣս˭սζνǰսĹвˣһˣͱҸղ˵ʮ˵λóȶʱ˭ǰ˭ܳΪ񽫣
ҵĻ˺Ȼʵǰ˭Ҳսô죿
ԣϷһ涨ҵЦÿҪսһΣֱȨ
˼캮Ц
ȷʵ˼Ŀһ
ҪΪ񽫣ҪϵҶ峯ŵŵȥ׺ᡣ
λ͵սλߵˣҵҶ壬ʵҶ壬ս˭
˵ĿⶼҶȥ
Ҷ̧ͷ˰캮ľĪҪս캮
һ̣ҶĿ졢ԬơգĿⶨԪԵϣ˵Ҫսʮϵˣ
ٺ٣˼û뵽ȻսңԪ촽˷ܲѡ
ԪԣԸҶսҵڡ
ٺ٣Ȼ뿪ĻȻҪȫԪһЦҶȥϢϯ
ҶûľһֱԪԵģˮԪĲٿ֮£˽ľƿ
Ӻˮһսи򵽵Ķϰ֣Լ˽׾Ž߽ˮ֮
ˮ֮ƣؽ춯صƻˮͷųˮ֮ԾôǿĹΪͷųˮȫƣһȻȻᱬױȵƻ
Ա˺ˣϵĽʯ˱˻顣
ɽˮ֮ƣԼ˺ˮˮɽ֮Ƽ޿赲
Щǡˮ֮ơӶʹˮ˾˵ƻ
֮һ֣ŷһԣҶŽ˴ĵ߽
ҶһԪԵƣ˷ˮԪȫԪԣһת˲֮䣬ԪԾͱ
ЩͺϲĺˮֺʯµĺˣƻޱȾˡ
ԪͫһеһԼİԵԵһݺᣬһ㵶һʵʵĻ
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뽣ײµԪ籩ϯ˷ϵ˷׷׳֣ԼĽ뵶
һйƽʱ˳ԪȥԪѾǱǱƵ˺ۡ
Щһǿ֮⣬˶ˡ
һ̣ûٸСҶ塣
ԪȻˣȴںѪ촽ЦһҲһ
󲽳Ҷ壬һҶ壬â磬籩ɱҶ塣Ҷ˲˷籩У˸籩֮еҶ塣
ͻȻɡʮֵĽն籩İΧٶնɱԪԣ
һʵ̫죬ԪԸûϵҶôƵĹԵնɱɲǣԪԸܣֻܾٵ񵲡

һ죬˰Ե֮ϣԪƺһɳȥڱѣѪֹеİԵҲȻСһڵʧġ
𾪲ѡ
û˷ӡҶѾ߶¥֮ɱδסεԪԣһԪԵĺ
˸û뵽ҶȻɱԪԡ
ۿԪԼɱ컯ŵһ̫ϳϺȻڣ㵽Ϊֹɣαɱˣ
˵䣬Ǹ̫ϳͻȻ֣̽ԪԶȴƿŲһ˲ͰԪץߣ˵ʮ֮ϣԪһ
һжڵʯ֮䣬ɵ̫ϳ֮⣬˭ҲûԪα˾ߣα˷ŵʮ֮ϵġ
Ҷ忴컯ŵ̫ϳϣЦǰˣҿû˵Ҫɱˡ
컯ŵ̫ϳһЦҶСѣԺֵʱЩأϷᡣ
ҶһЦתɵ˵ʮ֮ϡ
ղһ
Ҷصϵʱ򣬾Ժڿ̨ϣԺ̫ϳϺȻɫ䡣
Ժ̫ϳϿȥͲ󣬴ʮ꣬Ũü񴽣òǴδԺۿѡε˵ΪǿģھԺıҲߡ
ʥ򼸺˶֪ɽǾԺĸԺ
ɽľྫԺĳȫɽһʵʦ֣ôˣ
ɽüͷ˵ղСõĽǲϤ𣿡
ԺĳһۣŸղҶõһɫˡ
һһнڵľѧɽɫ
ֻǿ˶ѡ
ղȷʵûп֣һҵĸоͺɽϵǲҵĸоǳơ
ѡνȥʸײˣ
Ҳֻˡ
Ժĳǵ˵ͷ
ʱҵٴοˣԪ˵ѾˣһսĻᣬս˭
Ϊ񽫣ֻսڵ׺ᣬӮλڵµҲ޷Ϊ񽫣


494 ս
˵ĿⶼԪԿȥԪԾս˭
ԪԳСȥ˰룬ĪսССΪֻԲʵԲ
ţԪԵĿȻ˾ˮȥеʱŮǻᱻΪߣʣΪԪ԰˾ˮʮˡ
ǣԪԸû˾ˮ֣ʤ˾ˮΣ޷Ϊ񽫡
գԪ԰ĿͶ˵֮ϵ׺ᣡ
ս׺ᣡ˰ľ
Ҫս׺ᣡȻԪ˵ս˭
׺Ц˼ȻսңҪ׼
ҲҪɱ˵Ԫ촽
ҾϣܰұĻӮ׺Ц
㶼ƲҲˡԪͻȻԵնɱ׺ᣬâ죬籩ɱ׺ᡣ
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Ԫԣ
ȭȭԪԾͱ׺ˣܶ˶ǳ𾪡⣬Ԫ԰ܵʵ̫ˡ
㻹ǰӦܽסʮȭ׺ҡҡͷϧʵڿϧ
Ԫɫһ䣬ɫһ֮һȥսģ˵Ѿתƿշߡ
ʮʱһ
ʱҵĿ⳯СȥЦս˭
ɲԲսСЦ
ҵԣ
СεĿϵˣǿ˰캮ҡҡͷȻ죬ҡҡͷգĿ˾ˮϡ
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ٺ٣СɴŮ˱䡣СһЦŵʮ֮ϵпտȥ˵ֻսˡ
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ٺ٣ǸСҴСԡпΪѵֲòս˵Ҿô죿
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ʦԺĵӺͳǵһ죬Ժôͽܣ
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˵䣬Ѿʧԭأɲ֮ͳСǰһָС˷ԪϯһСĺɫԪ򣬿񱩵ϢԪϯһ硣
С·񱩵ľ紵죬ڱвиһ
ͻȻСüͷųͷķģ۳һɫʮɵָǣָƿնǿźɫԪ֮ϡ
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ĿһСпѾŨ
ŨɢȥСѾ뿪ԼɫЩ԰ףĶ棬пղСùղһ˭Ҳûռˡ
СΪпգͬһսĻпѾˣԺĸԺɽ˵
û뵽ʦԺȻܵһ츳˵õĵӣྫԺĳĽ
αĽˡɽһЦҶȥ૵СڵĴˣϷҲҪߣ
ʱ䳡ϣпյЦΪܵסҸղһУʵѾӮˡȻ˵ҪУͲԶš
˵ţпһƣгһѺɫӣͺǺһ
ϵ֣ҶĿһпеĺɫȾȻĵ֡
ŵпȹʮУֻѧʮУϧֻʣпˣֻУпЦ
СЦо͹ˣо͹ˣα˺
пһЦСеȻһչһɢϯ˷˺ѿƿ̶
Сͷһߵķľ£۳һֻɫô֣ȶȥ
䣡
һ죬ôַ飬ķģпһȹɣڶȽСв֮ͬͷų
Сߵķлһֻô֣˷ԪôϯȥȻôֵƤ⣬ʹôֱûκ
һ춯صײпպСĺ˼Ȼǲʤ
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ٺ٣˲Сˡ
СһЦææķɵʮпշһ


495 ս
пգս˭ҵʵ
пպԥĳŵ֮ϵ˿ȥ֮ϵˣʦԺʦ֣ݲЩ˶ΪʦԺʦ֣츳ԺĴʦͶʦʢ
Ҫսпһֵ
ɫ΢䣬пյı飬пպ֮ƺʲôԹ
пյĻЦһǰɥ֮Ȯһˣû뵽Ȼսң
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ļԻҶЦ


496 սģ
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ʵ̫ϧˣɱʵ̫ˣǵΪû˸Ҷ˾ˮ㱳ǸŮ˸Ҷϧ벻ǸŮˣǸŮ˸ûһ𣡡
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˼ԪǸǿĳ˵İ֣׺Ц
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׽
׹ҫۡ
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𾪣׺Ȼƽձ
ÿ죡Ҷ岻ɫ䡣


497 ս壩
ÿ죡ֹҶ壬Ҳƽողٶȡ
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ߣ׺һವһһųŷ뽣ײһҲޡ
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ƵĻ̫ϳЦŵ˵ͷֵͬĽ顣
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Ҳͬ⣡ҵ˵ͷ
ҵҲͬˣɵ̫ϳҲֻõͷӦˡ
ҵһЦ̧ͷϵʮˣ˵Ȼƽ֣ͬʱӵкˡ
һ˾ɫ䡣
ǰҪսϵô죿սƽջ׺᣿˺Ȼʵ
ǵԪָˣϵս˭ԣȻΪˣҲֶԸսˡҵ˵
ɫ䣬һ˭ս׺ƽգ׺ƽյ֮λѾˣ
֮λǽ߸˽ʵ
ܺǰϵ˴ƽ֣֮λӵڰ˸ҵЦ
һɫ죬Ҳ֪ʲô
ʱҵԣʵԣս˭
ҶҲܺĿԣһ﾿ս˭
ЦЦɲ
ָո˵ڣŵһϺȻһȨȥһȣ
ԿŰ캮ȥεʵ˭Ҵ򣿡
ϵļⲻ鴤
캮Цˣ졢ԬܺսҲЦˡ
Ȼս뿪Ц֣һºˡ
ٺ٣ҪһжʤˡЦ
Ȼ
ԣսЦŵ˵ͷ
˸Ȼλ׳һϷ
ϵܣСĵ㣬ҿԳˣ
ԺȻս죬͵ץս죬ıһӰ嫡
սһȭӭȥȭͷ֮Ѫɫϯ˷
¡
ȭཻս׺ͬʱ˼
ϵʵڸһսǾͲʤˡЦ
ֱҸҲûаʤ֣ǾƽֺˡսЦ
ɫ䣬һĪʹͨˣ
ҵƵ̫ϳϱðû˵
ԺսûҿҵˣЦǺǵķɻԼһ˾ͶӵелΪˡ
ҵŭʵս˭
һЦԥĳҶ忴ȥҪսҶ壡
Ⲣûг˵ϣֻǣʦԺ콾Ȼս캮ˣЩӡ
Ҷ壬Ըսҵʵ
ȻԸ⣡
ҶһЦ뿪
Ҳ뿪ҶȥüͷųͷһƯߣâ硣
ͬʱҶҲƯģΧת


498 ս
û϶֣ȻҶ壺ɶʲôϵ
ɶҶɻ֪˵ġɶ˭
ߣ㲻ϵΪʲôôɱ㣿ЦŴ
ҶĿһ׷ɱң
ɶôҪȻܹɶЦŴ
һ˵ɶʲôˣҶɫ䡣
ȻͻȻĪɶ˺ɾ޵ȥɱҵǸŮͬһˣ
ߣɶȥʲôϵҪˣɶҵģѾûбҪٻϣɲǣߵķͻȻһֻ޻ձУҶ塣
Ҷݻ̫̫ѹ޻һ̫;޻ͬʱķģǳһ㡣
Цһİһ̣ҶƾոֳģȭͷӷһȭҶĺԣ
Ҷʩչ׹ݣİһȭ˷ϡ
ܲȻ̧ͷŸ߿գЦһٴʩչ󣬰Լˡ
һ̣߿Ʋдһ춯صıը̧ͷһ籩£䳡һĴꡣ
ɢڿҶ
˿̵ϲһŲһֻ޻ıϣ·һ
Ҷͷ̫ǰƯŰԽɱ
޻ӭȥ̽ץҶ壬ϵľ֮̽צץҶ塣
ҶԽһצʱ飬һģԽҲ֮ķġ
ԡڷĵĺУӰ˸Ӷ㽻֡Ⲣٶȣǽ˴󣬲Ŵﵽּ١
СӵôܿʦԺ󷨣
ʦԺĵǾɲѣҶѧ󷨣ÿһֵԺе󷨣ʵ̫˼ˡ
Ҫ֪ʦԺʦʥأҶ岻һСʦѣѧô˵󷨣
֣֮ǰսϵʱûʵ캮üͷڵҶ֮ǰսϼҶֱˡ
СȻû˵˵ʵȷʵǿսĿһ
ǴѪʵѹѪڡ
ܡôѡһʦˣɻ
ྫԺĳҲɻǵӵ˫Ҳֻʺӵһʦ̳Լ²
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Զҵߵ쾵˵֮ǰμӿ˵ʱ򣬲ܲͨô£
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ʹȫҲһҴҲƲҵĿһ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭֿȥһʵʱڳˡ쾵˵
ĳЩ˽ģʹʦԺʧһ츳˵õĵӣҾԲҵЦ
ͬʱԱߵĿ̨ϣˮҶȻܺһսȫ·磬ɫˡ
磬Īҳʲô֤ǵĿˮ
ܣˮЦʦԺҲκ֤ݡ
˵ûֻҪǲ˵Գϲ˵˭֪£¶Цݡ
ȻҲ֪Ϊʲôʱ䣬ţʱҲʲô֤ǾԲƹϾĿǲ¥ˮ
ЦЦȻʵ磬ԳϴӦǵĺôʲôʱ֣
Ҷ屻ʦԺץ֮ͻҪĶǣˮһЦ
ҲЦˡ

ʱ䳡Ϸĸ߿У÷ݻһ󷨣ĻһѰѻƽ޽նɱҶ塣
ʦԺġн󡷣ˣ˵ʥһɻƽ޽ɱ֮ңֲ֮
Ȼ޷ӳнȫܣȴҲС
ҶͷһĻһ֧֧ʸƿƽ޽
뽣ײը쳹졣
ɫһ䣬а룺СӾǴѧô󷨣
Ҷ󷨲٣ȴȻбʤİգΪʦԺĵӣţ󷨾ԱҶʤһ
ΪʦԺӵĽ
Цһͷһߵķȫǰ£һ̫ͼ
һɿֲϢ̫ͼϯ̫ͼܵվȻ΢΢Ť
Ҷɫһ䣬ܸоǰ̫ͼ̺һɼ侪˵̫ͼУҲҪ
СӾȻ󷨶ʹˣƺȻһ
༸ɵ̫ϳúܹĿ⿴ƣСʹ󷨣ʲôϵ
Ժ쿴óˣһԺĳϺȻ˵
Ƽæ̧ȥֻҶӱȡľֵнէҲһѽ׺֮
ವһ̫ͼɱҶ壬֮Ťʱһ
Ҷʩչ׹ܣոպƵ֮⣬̫ͼȻҲɣɱ
̫ͼʦԺ󷨣ں˴֮󷨣ױ˱ܿױܿҲͲˡ
ۿ̫ͼҶЦһ̫ͰԽеֵţ˫ʹնʽ
䣡
̫ͼ̫ͰԽձ̫ͼһըĴɽ
𾪣ҶȻĵס󷨣
Ƹ𾪣ǾϲȻڵ޼


499 սߣ
ôܣ
̫ƣɫһ䡣
ղһսͫһǾԺˣϲղҶõĽ
˼캮
Ը󷨣Ϊʲô̫мƣ
춼ˣʦԺĳûǰ֣
Ҷ̫ȷʵʦԺ̫мƣֻԶԶ̫ѡ
Īǣõ̫Ĳƪֻߣ׷ûʹȫ̫󣿡ǿҵ˵
ӦֻƪϾǰʹ̫ʹòƪûκΪǶܿҵ
Ǵʲôطõ̫ƪģüͷ
ʲôطõĶҪˣȻܵõĻԵֺαȥΪҵ˵
̾ʦֿÿ
ҵһЦ䳡ϿտȥֻЦһߵķһһձҶ壬ХӦǡ
Ҷֵ̫סһ޻콣ˮ޻ĵ߽ˮ֮
䣡
һ죬޻ġ
ͬʱҶʹ׹ݣƾճǰ˫棬նɱնɱ
Цһ𱦶һǷɽ
ҶһҲ˷ħѹԱӭһ죬ײ˽ıŶɳȥ
ţ˼ͬʱסΣٴɱ˶Է
˵ıײڶ˾Ȼֱֳɱߵķ裬ݻ󣬻๥ɱϡ
˴䳡ϿɱԺ֮⣬ִԺ֮ɱ˸߿ƲУɱ䳡
ⳡʵ̫ˣʵ޷һ˾ȻܺʦԺ콾սֵز
ʥ޼½𣿲޼½Ż֮أΪʲôҲᵮ콾
ͻȻ䳡Ͽһ䡱ıĿȥնķشűףѾնء
³һѪϢǳҡ
ҶɱʵǸŮΪʲôҪɱң
ĿҶ壬Цһһˣ˵ʮ֮ϡڵʮ֮ϣˣҶѾټԸ
ΪΣջҪɣȻҵūţһūŶѣƾʲôҪش㣿г
ҶЦһ˵֮ϡ
ɫ䣬ȻˣһСϡ
ӽҶֱضᴫʥΪҶսʤʥС֮һ
ʦԺĵӺͳǵɫˡ
֮ǰҶȥʦԺμӿˣʦԺȴûҶΪӣڣһʦԺˣȻǵʦ֣ʵЩԽܡ
޼ǸˣҲû뵽ҶȻսʤǵɫ÷ǳѿ
ˣȻˡ
š
ˮĬˣðſڣѾ˴ˣպΪ񽫣ضᱨǣ
ɫȻЩ԰ס

ԶȻ֪ΪʲôҪ޼һʦڼȻ϶ɡΣҲһؾԺ
ʱҵս죬ڣս죬ս˭
սһЦСȥսС
ٺ٣ҪҲһжʤˣСЦ
ȻԣսЦ

ҵ˿Цãû뵽Լ˸ղŶƽ֮ӵͬһĹ򣬷ǱСսˡ
˰˵ƤҲ̫ˣ
ȻСս콻һУȻ˾ͣˣѺõĿ˶Է䣬ոԻصԼ֮ϡ˵ĻവƤ֮񡭡ʵòӺգĪ츳֮Ƥܺ񡭡˴֮һս裬ƤƺҲͦģ
ǣѡʷһĻˣˣȻͬʱӵһͬʱӵ˳Ϊ񽫵ʸ
ؼˣ˸սǣֵĻ˭ǵĶ֣
ҵεҡҡͷԬȥʵԬܣս˭
Ԭܳ쿴ȥЦ죡
˶ʱͷϷˣ
˭˭ӮܳΪ񽫣֮սɺڴ
ŵİ׻֣ĳˣ
һЦ뿪
ԬҲ뿪
˼ֵɲǣ캮Ȼڣһȣ
ɫ䣬Ű캮ȥ캮ʲô
캮ҵ˵ǰ֪ҿɲǽֵʱսˣ
˶þĿ⿴Ű캮캮ս˭
Ȼԣǽֵʱսˣͬսˡҵ˵ͷ
캮һЦͻȻ뿪Ҷȥ˵Ҷ壬ɸҽܰĳ˵ս
˰캮ս˾ȻҶ壡
кβңҶЦ뿪һݵĿŰ캮
˰ҡͷҶ˲Ҷܹܰ캮
캮ǰСйսǿˣܶ˶Ϊ˺Ͱ캮ֵĻӮĻ²ɡ
˵У츳Ļ˰˴֮⣬ʤ캮
֮ڣ캮ӦʤѾʼԤ
캮һ;ȫĻòУ˵
ҶѾǿϧ캮Ǹ˰̾



500 սˣ
۷׷׵ʱ򣬰캮ЦŶҶ˵Ϊʲôȫ
ΪʲôҪȫҶЦŷʡ
ϴһȫĻºѻ뿪
캮һЦڣͬʱȭͷϣƤ˻ɫҽ䶯һ
һȭҶ壬һ⻮ƳգײҶȥ
ϸһǸһ⣬һɻɫҽ
˵컯ڱ˵ص֮УĵֱѱϣǺĵȴΪ˵صҶɱ䡣
Ӵˣ컯ܹƿҽԼµ֣Ϊҵ֣
ҵ֣гȫɱˣҴ컯ţǧķչ𽥳ΪܹԺ֮һ
ʵ컯ŵҵҲһֻĻδܳΪһ
˿̳ɱҶһ̺Ʒڻֲ
ҶͷһĻ̫ײһɢɽ̫Ҳġ
ವһ캮һҾˣɱҶߣ˫ȭʯҶ塣
Ҷ˫ʹʮ̶Ƶ磬÷˼
ղҶֵʱ򣬲ûʹÿ콣˿ĽȻҲϬѸ׷ײĿ˲룺ҶĽƽյĽ˭øһ
ƽտҶеĽ˫â

ȭײ쳹˷ÿȭཻŷǧ⡣
캮καƾһ˫ȭͷ͵סҶнҶ˫۷飬ǿȻҶ֮ϡ
ٺ٣˼ǵһýסôȭˣ캮ЦȭԽԽ죬ҲԽԽÿȭᱬ죬ܲסǰԵƥ
Ҷʹ˽׾Žȫӭȥ
ȭͷײľͲ׺齣˲Ҷæƺˡ
ľͲ׺齣ȻԲᱻ캮һȭϣǽϴʵ̫ԵҶ岻ƺˣжĻ»Լˡ
캮õ컯ŵġ컯ȭȭ컯Ű׼ҵ˲
Ϊֻӵҵֵ˲ȭͨһĻܲס
컯ȭԵޱȣÿȭҽȭӡɱƻʮ־ˡ컯ƾһ˫ƾͺɱֻؾϹ֡
˿̣Ű캮һȭҴȭŶһɫȭӡǵصĺɱҶ塣
ҶԽֵԼƮʮɣ˫ն˰캮
նɱ캮Ц˷һȭҴȭͷй۳һСɽСȭͷ֮ϡ
һ飬ȭͷҲžһըһŻ䳡ϡ
ܽôȭڼҲԺˣ
캮ЦҶ壬µĻϻ죬Ʊˡ
ҶĿһ캮ȷʵǿҪǿһڵʵȷʵսʤ캮
˿һĻҲΪҶѾذɣԵֵ캮ƥĹơ
캮Сִ飬Ҷˣǧ£һҲΪҶʤ캮
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캮Ķ֣˾ǲзˣСӾҲ⣡Цˡ
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ɶС캮ҲҪɷˣǻءѹ
µģħˮһ
ҵħˮȥɻ֮ɫĪǸ˻ʲôֲɣ
ͻȻ𾪵ôܣ
˶ҶͰ캮ڷȥֻҶƱǣͷų籩ϯ˷
캮ԭһȭҶ壬ȴҶͻȻĻסˡ
⧲캮ɳȥֱɳʮɲסΡ

𾪡ʦ
ڳ֮ˣֻ쾵ˣԼ˾ˮûгԾΪ֪Ҷӵл
캮ĶҶ壬ͫһ
ԭڲԶսԬҲͣҶȥǶ𾪣ֺôͬʱһϣ
ӵ֣Ҳδزӵֻݵ𾪺ҵ
ɵĳɫ΢䣬뵽һʦԺˣǸ˵ƺҶЩƣǸҲӵ֣ȴӵ֣ʦԺʷ츳ʥ֮ˡ
Ȼ캮ЦΣ
Ц䣬һɱҶ塣
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𡭡ɵĳͫһ£Ǿ׵ġ
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޼ɫ䣬Ҳû뵽Ҷ֮⣬Ȼӵл򣬼Ҷĺ;аЩ岻ĹϵҲ
ȴڰϲѹҪ޼ԭӵʮ֮һ


501 ս
еİ캮ɫһ䣬ȻЦʮΣ˵ţƻɱҶȥ
Ҷ۳һɣ캮ͬʱ˫ն˰캮
캮һȭڴӻ֮ϣһ죬ԭ۳һɵĻɢ캮Ҳ˼ţŰ캮նɱѾƽ캮š
ƽ캮ͺһʹ컯ȭ˽飬캮Ҳĺһ
һҶȻѹס˰캮ʮ
ʥ򣬳˾Ժ֮⣬ܼʮ˶ʮжǿʮ
ߣ
Ȼеİ캮һϢǣͻȻθ˼ɣһȫǶǻҽ˶ʱǰ
ͬʱ캮ǰһɫͻȻ֣ԽԽһ̴СƾճеС
Ȼ캮ʲô
ǡҵ̫ϳȫɫ䡣
컯似ǳһֵ
ɫ䣬캮ȻҪʩչ컯ŵƷ似ǳҪ֪似ԵޱȣʦԺ̫֮ϡ
Ҷ̧ͷŰ캮ǰǻɫУɫҲˣܸоɫ̺һɻص
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ת˲֮䣬Ҷ˫֮оͳһɫתӡһŵ
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ǺǣϷǾԺĸԺƣԸҾԺЦʵ
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ϼһﻹѪɵĳжһ
ҶͰ캮ֳʤ֮ǰûãҲѾԬܣˣսѾȫˡ
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ҵû˻ش𣬽Ȼˣһ֮λҶ壡
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ҵ˵ڶĹ
ڶ죬Ԭܣս졢Сԣڰ캮ƽպ׺ᣡ
γΪ񽫵ˣȻоŸ֮࣡
ƽգҶ壬˲ɵĵӣǿѡһɣȻҲһҲѡ롣ҵЦ
˶Ҷƽˣǻξ
컯ֻ洫ӣ˭컯ţ˭ܳΪ컯ŵĳЦ
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ҲĳҲЦҶƽ׳֦
ϷԺ״ӣЦ
ֻʦԺûпڡ
ƽղʦԲʺȥʦԺ
Ҷ塭֮ǰҶʦԺʦԺûҶΪͽڸҶʦԺ


502 
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һѩɱɲǣһЦ쳹ʥеǿҲȥ϶ʲôĹؼ϶ڴ˾ϣ
ЦУ˾ڵʯǰгһɫģһ˴ӷ߳󾳵Ϣؼ䣬ǡ


508 һ
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˼˵ʥǰЩǿߵĿ飬ԣǲ츣أȻԶ츣ԼϸҶȻ
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510 
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Сģѩϼһɱָҳ㣡һʥͼ
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ʥڵĵʥͼУһ˵·ϡ漴ת׽ϴ蹦ܿ죬Ȼúͱε·һģһ
ɵʥڵӳ㣬ΪǻԪڣתϢ˻ԪڣڵΪ¾ֻؾҲѿʲô
һкŴѩɽϱȥûãڴѩɽϿ˲ɽƶĵԽɽߣԽ࣬ƻֺꡣ
ҶһУ۵ʥڵ໥д似
½ƣ㲻ǳȥôôͻˣһʥڵĵЦʵ
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ҶĿһתһ˵Ǹ۵ꡣ
ңĪʲô²ɣҶЦʵ
㣬ʲô£ҾͲö֪ˡЦ߰ɣôϵȾˡ˵ţѾת·
Ҷ屾꣬ȻһǿϢƽֻӲͷƤȥ
߳û·ҶǰͳһˣղҶоǹϢǴ˷ģ
ȥˣҴȥϾˡ˵ڡ
ǣܻ깧ĵ˵ͷתȥ
ɡ˸֣תߡ
ߣҶҪ֪Ľˣܣֻܸȥϡ
ʥڵĴϣɱѩȱ
һʱץʥڵĵӣѩȱǸʲôҶ崫ʥͼڵԡ
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ѩȱһȺΪʿԲŸǵҩԡ˵½ǰѩȱУ½ֻǻѪѣѩȱĵҩ֮ڶ̶ʱھͻƵ˻Ԫڣ
Ҷɫ΢䡣
ڻһ£½Ҳ֪ѩȱǲΪҪҩŽȥԴ
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˾ʥڵĽ֮һɱѩȱ
ҶһѩȱΪȻǿ㲻Ϲ󣬹ҲѾ޼
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ѩȱʲôҶһ
Ȼʮʥڵĵӡ
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ѩȱ˫ĿЦôãʱڵˡ˵һӣǰ¯ĸͻȻƯڰС
ҶˣѩȱЦ˵ô꣬Ҳʱ򱨴ˡ
ԣҶߵɫ䡣
Ǳ֣Լ뵤¯ѩȱЦ
ҶɫҲˣѩȱ½Ƶ˷õҩȻΪ½ƵƵҩ
ͻȻҶߵЩȫȥְ̿ϣԸΪţŹǣ
Ҷԥһ£ҲȺ浥ϥȥ
ѩȱЦˣô൤ҩΪЩ쾭ģھȻּۻۣ
һɿµѹͷųѹЩȫڵأҶæڵء
ȫ뵤¯ѩȱ俪ڡ
ǣϣǸ˵˵㣬ץסһ꣬˵¯
һĲҽӵ¯дܿҽûˡ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ѿ˳ֵ׼һץ͵ɱˣȻ·


512 ʥŮĺ԰
ת˲֮䣬˾Ͱ궪˵¯
Ȼ˿Ҷ壬ȻҶ嶯֣
ֻܷѩˣҶа̾
ֵɲǣһЦӴ⴫ҲǶ˵Ժٺʥڵĵ𣿡
ٺ٣ҵĺãѵϣ羡ͻƵֻؾ𣿡ѩȱŴ⣬Ц
аͻƣԼ϶˲˹ѵ֮ǰֹô𣿡ǸŮЦ
ߣƽӹԦ׹ѩȱȻЦ
Ѿҩɾˣ
˵䣬һµŮͻȻҶ
ವһһ˿Ҷ˺󷽷Ҷ˵ֱϡţŮץ˿תɳ˴Ҷ˽Ҳקţɳ˴
ѩȱЦһһ뿪齣ӳ˴
⣬Ҷ˱˿קţת˲֮䣬˴ѩɽ֮¡
Ǹ˿סҶ˵ŮͣҶˣڣǿ߰ɣ˵ĻǾҲ߲ˣסǧҪٻʥڣ
лʥŮ֮
Щ꼱æߣͷҲûء
ֻһûߣǸҶ壡
ʥŮŮӦþʥڵһ벽ֻؾǿߣѩ޹Ҷһ
Ϊʲôߣѩ޹ڣȻûת
ûбʥŮľ֮ǲ뿪ʥڵģҶɫ
㲻𣿡ѩ޹˵һҴ翴㣬Ҳѱס㣡
ҲҪΪʥŮһ£ԱʥŮľ֮УҶɫʥŮȫ
һΣѩ޹תˣһŶ쵰ü续ͦپ£һʥĸо䲻ū͹ȴһصʡ
ãΪʲôѩ޹Цʵ
еʱЩ£ֻΪߵ˲ҶЦ
ȻҲǿ㡣ѩ޹ЦԺҴһ»ܺˡ
лʥŮҶЦ
Ҵˣ
Ȼѩ޹һһӣһ˿סҶ壬Ҷ
һߣѩȱȻˡ

ûãѩ޹Ҷ˴ѩɽһڣдšʥŮɫ֡
븮Уۣѩȣѩ޹ҶһǻܵԺ硣ѩɽֻطûѩ
Ժ滹һˮأˮԱֻ׶죬׶ˮưȻΪԺĻܽˮ
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Ȼ뱨ңͰտԺĻˡѩ޹Цʲôģ㶼Сס
Ҷͷһ۴׶죬̧ͷѩ޹ӺףЦ˵ʲôģһġ
ѩ޹һЦת˻԰Զķڡ
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ҶЦӣôоһƺܿң
ֻ׶˺Ȼ壬Ϸûв²⣬ӦǴѩɽ죬һ໻Ѫߡ
Ҷǳ鴤ôֻ׶Ҳ֡
УѩɽóΪ㿴ô򵥣˴
ҶĭŴ׶ȥֻ׶ˮưȻԵõĽŻ˭һֻ߰ĿȸһûҶ忴ҲҶܡ
Ҽһֻ졣ҶЦá
ѩҪòǿѩ޹Ưˮɣ˺ȻҶ塣
ٺ٣Ǿȥ͵ѩΣˮ¾ͽҺˣԺȻЦŴܾûôζŮˣܴ
Ҷûԣһѩ޹ķ䣬ĿһתŻ԰ȥ
߳ȥûмȻԼ˱ʲôקסˣתͷһ׶Ȼ׹קסȣ
ٺ٣ȥһ£ϾͻҶЦ
׶ɿڣ̧ͷҶ壬ܱӵĿҶ壬ƵԺӺ͵Сϴ裬ΪҲ֪𣿡
Ȼ˵˻ˣǸŮ
Ҷһ㶣û뵽׶Ȼ˵˻
Ȼ˵ҶúֵĿŴ׶졣
׶찺ͷȻǴѩɽʷѩɽ죬ܲ˵һҾ֪ҼСģ
СģҶ̯̯֣Ρ
ǰкܶʥŮͼӽҼС㣬ǱĽڱǿˡ׶켥ЦҼССͺûйЩˣҼСΪߣЩʥŮԽԽˡһԪڵСӶѣȻҲҴҼС⣬Բ
ҶЦҡҡͷһֻ׶ĸоǡЩر
ǰиʥڣһСӾȻ͵͵ǱʥŮ֪ʲô³𣿡׶Цʵ
ʲô³Ҷ档
С㵱ȻԸҿɾͲͬˡ׶ЦҰСӵΪӡˣֱӶʥŮСӱˤðڶûлָ
ĪǣҲҶȥҶʵ
Ȼᡣ׶ЦС˵ˣҪҽֻ㶪ȥ
һϣҶȥҶ˵
Ϊʲôֵ׶ɻˡ
ҶһЦΪʵڲһֻ쵱ҵʦ
ߣƫҪʦ׶ŭˡ
Ҷа̾ʵӦúһֻƽôġ
ֻѩɽ죬Ǻ뿪ˣ˴
ҶЦã벻ԼһҪֶԸһֻ׶졣
Ҷ弴ֵʱѩ޹ͻȻӷڴСףѰǰֵý
ţ㣡׶ͻȻһȳƬëҶ壬Ҷ˶Ҷ˲䶯á
סҶ󣬴׶ƨƨߵ뿪ˡ


513 ѩ
׶ߺҶ忪ɵ֣֮˲ͰѴ׶ëˡ
֮ҶĿһû뵽ֻѩɽȻӵ󾳵Ϊ䣬תƿշɳԺӡ
뿪ѩ޹ĺ԰Ҷֱѩɽضȥ
ͨصڹÿڶʥڵĳأһʥڵĵѲߣʥڵĵӣҲ׽ȥ
ҶܿһڴֻǰȻһɽȣɽʮʥڵĵѲߣɽһɼǿϢ
Ȼɽһǿأ
ҶĿһһƷȻðɿڵˣл֪ĽȥȡѩΡ
ͷһѷɽɽһն˲֦ѩϡ
˭ڵʥڵȫɫ䣬춯ķȥ
źȥһ߷Ըߵһꡣ
Ǹź˵ͷֵС
źĴûзʲôˣתȥʱһͻȻһֵĲ֮ϣ˹ȥ
ִˣҶ塣
ҶźʥͼɲǣɫȻһ䣬ٿת
ıУһӻЦٺ٣ñҩ˹ʮˣôãҲûҵһԭһֱû뿪ʥڣ
˾Ȼѩȱ
Ҷɫһ䣬ͲһͿɹˣû뵽ѩȱȻͻȻˡ
ԹԸȥɣֻ̤أӦøеҲǡѩȱЦҶ壬ֲϢ糱ˮѹҶ塣
Ҷа̾òˡ
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ҶĿȥͻȻֵİŮӾȻѩ޹
ѩȱתͷѩ޹Цҵĺ𣿡
Ѿҷߵ˶ץ˻ѩ޹ʵ
ǵҸǵģ˵߾ͷߣѩȱЦң֪ϻ˶˼ִ£ҿ
ڣߴˣѩ޹˵
ٺ٣ãЩȻ٣Ҫʤң»Сѩȱ˵ţͻȻҶ壬һ֧ͻȻ
Ҷ弱ˣͬʱѩ޹һͷųĺһɢ˷˲Ͱѩȱһˡ
ߣѩ޹Ҷ塣
Ҷ˵ͷתߣŸߣѩȱϵıͷ鿪ѩȱ׷ѩ޹ȴһӣһɫ˿סѩȱ
ߣѩȱһϵİɫ˿תһѩ޹
䣡˽һƣ˷ľȫ飬ѩȻ׷ɶ
һ죬ڴȫ˹
ûᣡ
ҶûϢɽȡ
һϵɽôؽأ
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ߣ˹ΣЩʲôɽڵһ
ǵΪܸߣ˸סǿ¡ϾҪˣϣ㻹ȥɣҪǹѩ˾ˣҶĵ˵
ߣһյĵԽԽˣɽзɳһߡ
󾳺ڣҶһ
ϷҪ˭ҴʥڵĽأЦһɳɽȡ
ҶĿһɽȥ֣ڿһǧɴˮ뵣ˡ
һƬƬɫֲˮֲҶԲεģҲɫÿֲ϶һʵ˲ΣӨ͸ЩѪܵĺɫά
ʥڵѩΣ
ѩҪʮŻ죬֮󣬹Ѫɫ˿ߣﵽǧҲ˵ֻҪĸѩǧѪɫ˿ߣĸѩξˡ
ѩκо綾ܳԣһ˲ѩΣҲᱻ
ҶɨУѰųѩΣ˺ܾãҵһѩΣ
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ˣûв´ӦòʥڵĵӡһϵЦ
Ҷס񣬻תƼһˣ˵ͷѾѩףȴԵϣ෴ͷ׷ʹƱˡ
ʥѩ࣡˺ȻҶ壺ܶǰҼһ棬ǰɲˣ
Ҷǰ
ǺǣҪʥڵĵӾͺˣѩǺЦЦ
ǰ֪ҲʥڵĵӣҶЦʵ
ΪʥڵĵӣԲ˽أѩЦ˽֮
ȻҲʥڵĵӣȻҲ㲻ҶЦ
˴أͬѩһЦ
ΣҶЦˡ
ˣأӦΪѩΰɣѩЦʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ϷûпӦĳΪطԪڵΪԲҵƥʥڡѩЦ
ҶЦ
˵ʶϷھɱ㣬ǿϧѩЦ߽Ϸʮ֮ڣϷ뿪
һеڶѡ𣿡ҶЦ
ӦûСѩһЦ
Ҷ˵ǰҿɾҪˣ
Ǻǣʱ߹ѩЦܾûôȤˣϣ㲻ҪϷʧ
ѩΪȻֻؾҲûκλᡣҶһ
һβɣԶԼΣϷҲţôȤߣҲԴһЩʱ䡣΢٣ѩǺЦʲô취Уֻ֮Ҫ߽ϷʮˡֻҪӮϷϷһѩΣ
Ҷ촽ϢͻȻǣת˲֮ڡ


514 
ڡѩĿһ;ӵڵΪ˾ĸɵĵӣ
ȻҶѩ࣬˿ѩཫʮԶҲ˵ֻҪǰ߳Ĳˡ
Ĳ߳ѩֻʣ¾ŲľˡȻճǰ벽ͱԪѹĺ˼Ԫɽ
ʮϵѹʧ
ֻؾߵʵ𣿡Ҷɫ䣬ղһ˲䣬ȫǱѩѹû˿ֵء
ˣϷ֪ûȫǺǣϷǰ㲻ȫֲαˣѩЦ
ҶΪ󾳳ڵϢױֻ󾳳ڣϢͱڵ߻Ҫۻ롣
󾳣ѩ׼Ҳһ
Ҷ;ӵ󾳳ڵΪʵԾ
ˣĪʥˣѩ۾Ҷ塣
ʲôطĪǰ뿪ɣҶһЦ
Ǻǣʥˣ㲻߽ϷʮϷҲȻ뿪ѩЦ
ҶһЦӱľתԪٴγѩ࣡
ѩһЦ˷ԪٴѹҶ壬羪κˣʯ쾪¡¡𶯲ֹ
ˮ֮
Ҷһ˷Ԫ糱ˮϯ۳ɽǰնȥ
ͺնһֻǰһСξͣȻ󱻾޴ѹ顣
ҶûǰӳʮղűʮǡðξĨƽԣѩȻʮľ룡
һͻȻһ
ʹ޼ն
ʽնѩ࣡
ý
ѩ̾һӣ죬˲ͱɱ׹ڵء
ͻȻһ̫ѹѩ࣡
ʦѩĿһָһ̫飬졣
Ƶ̫ѩ൭ЦܿʮһΪѾܲˡ
ԭղ̫ѹѩɲǣҶֳǰǾҶ廹ǰߵʱȴһɿֲ֮ѹ
Ҷɫһ䣬ѵĲǰ
ʹô󽣡ҶĿһֻҪ󽣣Դ󽣵ķâԿΪԼնһǰ·
ԥҪҪ󽣵ʱһǺȻ¶һĨЦݣֻͻȻתŵԾƿշߡ
ǺǣˣϷ棬Ϊ𣿡ѩһЦͻȻһӰʧ
һ̣ͻȻҶǰ
ӣ¼ǰҲδ׷ңҶߵķĹâʹ׹ݣһƾʧ
ѩһЦӰһʧԭء
Ϸƾո֣ҶжݳҶݳɲǣѩһǰٴεסȥ·
ˣΪӳϷġѩǺһЦ
ǰˡҶȻЦˡ
ѩ಻һͻȻ˿ԼҶ֮ľ롭֮ľ룬Ѿʮ
ѩ಻ЦǺǣ˼ȷʵϷˡ
ǰȻѾʮǲǿһѩΣҶЦ
Ϸ˵㻰ѩЦ
Ҷϲ뿪ڣһЦ֪ӺδƮѩ࣬δɵСӶƭ㣬׻ôˣ
˭ѩɫһ䣬Ÿ߿пȥ
¡
һֻ׹ǴִӸ߿̽˳ץѩ࣡
ѩһӭȥһ죬׹ǴֱɱͻȻ飬졣
ѩ࣬ѩΣ͸ɡһЦصؼ䡣
ѩɫһ䣬·ȥֻһ˴ӹժѩΣҲΨһѩΡ
ѩٴɫ䡣
ϣҶһѩεĺˣȻа̵ϣ
ವһժѩ֮󣬳֮ƿշߡ
ʥڿɲǸ˵˵߾ߵĵطѩЦ
¡
Χâӿ֣һŷıƳɵĴضûü뿪㱻С
ٺ٣ѩ࣬ȻѾ׼̴󣡡һЦͻȻθߣһɸߵİ׹Ǿˣ
а̵ϣӵа׹ǵ֣׹Ǿˣһġ׹ǻҲ˲ɰ׹ǡ
ɰ׹Ǿ˺󣬹ͻȻתһѩ࣡
ѩһˣͷų˱ѩһȭӭȥѩɽײ˰׹Ǵϡ
䣡ѩɽ𶯡
ҶѾ˵Զǧ֮⣬ˣȻսನѪڡ
ȻϷĴ˺һ޴ޱȵĿӣһ洫ֵĻͳɣظѩ
ѩ࣬Ժл᱾㡣
һЦһԾɳ˴
תֵˣѩĿһ֪ƿʥڻ̴ˣʮֻ֮תֵˣϲʦֻǿ
ҶͷأֻܿЦΪԵõѩΣû뵽·Ȼɱаϡ
ˣѩѾߣҪѩεĻֻܵȵ֮ˡѩ˵
ҶεЦЦȭȻѩѾûˣ͸ˡ˵꣬Ѿתƿշߡ
ѩ࿴ԶȥҶ壬ӾǸɵĵӣĪǡʦԺĵӲɣ
ӵΪʦֻпܳʦԺ
ʦԺĵӣΪβҪѩΣѩǲ⡣
֪ҶѹͲʦԺˣʥκһɵĵӡ


515 
ҶշɳѩɽûԶıͻȻһɺϯɫһ䣬æתͷųͷ죬ݻ̫ͼסϯĺ
̫ͼ˲ͱɱ
㲻ʥڵĵӣһ
ҶĿȥֶԸˣȻѩ޹
󾳡ѩ޹һʵ㾿˭Ϊʲôʥڣ
ֻǸ֮ѣ˵ʥŮҲʶҶЦ
ƫҪ֪أѩ޹ڡ
Ҷ뿪˵ʲôɫͻȻһ䣬ѩ޹ȥѩȱ
ѩ޹ɫ΢䣬Ŀ󷽣ĺ󷽸ʲôҲûУ͵תͷҶ壬ҶѾʧֻʣһööġ
˾˭¥ʥôʦ𣿡ѩ޹һ

ʮ֮⣬ƾոֳһģһ˴ӷҶ壡
Ҷͷһû׷
ǸŮ˵Ϊף׷ԲĶ֡
ҶüĽһɢȥ֮˺Ȼ֡
׷ҡҶЦˡ
˷˷ۣǰǰСӾͲܵ͵һЩ𣿡
ҶһЦǰ͵ѩΣڸô죿
ֻȥϵˣҡͷγɹĻἸΪ㣬Ϊʮ֮ǵˣȥ͵Ļȫ·
Ҷɫ΢䣬ûڵϾҪʼɵĵӺͳ϶ȥϵȣȻûϵȣҪȡǧڼܡ
Ϊϵȿ϶Ѿǿķ
һ취˵ԼȥμӵֻҪõǰлõǧˡ
΢٣úܻɵĿҶ壬㣬㾿᲻
ԶҶЦ˵
εҡҡͷǾûа취ˣϷ̫󣬸ȥμӵ
ΣҲҪȥһԡҶһЦʵֻԶʨү͸йĵ伮һ͸õġħֻԶ
ȻȻĴ࣬ûЩר߶࣬Ҳ˵ȱٵľ飡
ȻشҶڰɣȵʽʼˣǾȥϵȡҶ˵ţѾȷߡ
Сμӵ֪Ƕ˳ҡͷѾ֪˵ʲô

ʱҶ˻ص˴Ҷڡ
ҶһصҶڣͰԼڣȻȡʥͼһʥͼС
ʥͼڡ
Ҷսڶ죬ʨү֪ӺδعˣҲԶһЩ֮ܽ죬ָͷָ㣬ƻ١
ԣҶ峯Ÿ߿зȥܿڸ߿ƼһƽɫͨţǵͨţҲͨıؾ֮·
ֻлܵϵ飬õԿף̶죡
ͨϣҶ忴һ飬ǰȫһֻǰϢǿʵԶǰȡ
оˣ黺˫ۣкâէǡ
󾳳ڡЦˣڵΪҲõԿף
ȻΪҲʸôΪܹʸ񣿡ҶҲЦˡ
ȻҵΪѾǰҪңҲҪ󾳺ڵΪЦʥѡеĴˣҲ󾳳ڵʱҡ
ǿδأҶüһ죬һֻ޻ݶ飡
ڤ빦ĿһͻȻθߣʮɸߵľˣץ˾޻޻˲ͱ˺÷飬ġ
ȻʱҶѾɱǰ
ȻĽɫ΢䣬һˣбŷɫëɫëȻ۳һѺɫ𽣡
ˢ
սնסҶĹ
ҶЦʹŽɱ飬ݺᣬɨ˷
ħһȻóʹýԸѾ´࣡һЦɱҶ塣
˴ս뽣ײ콣ҫ֮
Ȼɱ֮ͨУֻд񷡣
ܿ죬ɱ˳صͨϣҶ߶¥֮ߣϳϮɱ顣
ٶ˿ҶҲἲۣҶζ
䣡
һ죬Ҷ屻һķɣҶ幦ѾĳˣˣҲʹޱȡ
ҶҧסΣľ˱ĽУ˴󽣣
˷ԪͻȻŴϯȥգ󽣶ʱ䳤â
˫֣ɫ΢䡣
Ȼһ̣ͫ׺ȻһΪҶͷų˻
۳һɣ糤գֱ鼱ˣնյıܿ˻ĹȻոձܿĹҶѾһͷ­
ҶõǴ󽣣Ѿ屶
ܲʮϵĹ֮˲䱬ʮϵĹ
һն£ʯ쾪նһ
ɫ䣬æɫ𽣵ֵһ˲ͰѺɫնأţնļ֮ϣұۿˣѪɽ
Ҷץ飬֮˳ͷŶһ飬˶
ವһͻȻ֮ӵɶʮ֮⡣
˿̵飬ȫѪģѪѾ֮ʱ˺ܴһ֡
̧֣ͷҶ壬³֡
ҶѹסڿϸڳȫǸղ֮ģѹסڵ˵Կ׽ɣ



516 ϲ
ջǰԿ׽Ҷ塣
ҶõԿ֮˳ʥͼ죡
ڣҶƼһΰĴһһɼǿϢҶ֪ڵ˱ضǵصػˡ
ವһҶ˴УһǻݵԺӣԺӿһߡڵֻ߻һˣһµСŮ
СŮǱˣǵ鶴ڵϽΣҶ͹ūȡ˸֣
ѵ˾ǴˣҶĿһ
ʱȻתͷҶ壬˵Ҷ磬ˣЩҶˣ
ҶһЦ˿ɲֹһ
˵Ǹ˺ȻЦСѾͷ쳳ҪȥҺˡ˵ʱվתҶ塣
ҶҲȥߺ׷ͯգüĿǴżЦ⡣
ˣʨүѾϷ˵ʣ˵죬ϷЦϷҪ㣬Բ˿ĻòҪӦϷѧ
ǰ㾡ܷĺˡҶһЦ
ãϷɡһЦԺҶȥ
·ϣҶ֪ʵϲˣһ嶼ϽΣܿƻ档
ܿ죬ϲ˴Ҷһҩĵķ䣬ЦҶ壺֮ڶҩݵ֪ҩݵԶ͸̸
ҶͷһʦҪҲĶʶҩݵԡ
ҩݺֹǧ֣еʦһҲֻʶеһСֶѡϲ˵һͨĻҩݣҶһͨˮҩˮ֥Ȳͬͻֱ仯ҩԸӵҩݣȸǧ򻯣
үүô𣿡գŴ۾ϲˡ
ǺǣѶȲµʦǣϲźЦ
ǰʨүҵĵ伮ҩԵļأѾ˲١ҶӣεЦֻһֱûüȥһҩԡ
еҩݣҩݷҩһҩԺˡϲЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ϲ˿ŲԶҩϵҩݣЦһҩǺײݣǲ٣֮Ĵ䣬ֱ仯
ʮ֣ҶԥĻش
֪Уðʮֱ仯ȳҪһֱ仯ͱһֱ仯ҾͰƳɢȥϲɫ
ɢúײݺƳһҩɢҩĴʮֱ仯֮һɢңһȥ԰ѻԪߵմ
߷ȥҲǳʹ࣡
Ҷĭ֪ϲΪʲô˵ѧϰܳԿˡ
ʼɡϲЦҸλᣬλ֮ʴɢ
ʴɢҲҩĴʮֱ仯֮һ
Ҷҩȡײݺڣ֮˼ԪʯȻķƣоͳһ档
ϲĿһĵʨү˵ûӹȻõ֣ѻԪʯתõĻ档
ʱҶѾҩݷ˷ħȻԪס棬ҩݣʹҩݵҩںϡ̶Ի¶ȣԼյʱȵƶǳҪ΢һ󣬾޷õҪҩԱ仯
ûãħڵҩںһϺɫҩɢ
ϲЦһѾ˷һλᣡ
ҶͷųͷһΣͷס˻棡
Ԫӿƻ棬ͷܾȷĿƻ¶Ⱥҩݵʱ䣬ʦ޷ġ
Ϊʦʦ϶û
Ҷѡ񣬱ͨʦ࣬һְ취ɵɻԪʯʹڲ֮ڶְ취û󷨡
ͨǿĻ󷨣ԣŻѡһְ취ӵеĻ󷨣ֻǵū͸˽һѣ󣬱Ȳϵһְ취Ļ档
ͷס֮ԻĿԱǿ˲٣һȻʧˡ
㻹һλᡣϲ˵
Ҷ磬ʧ˿ҪɢģЦ
ҶڵϣϢŸղҩɢḶ́˺ܾ¿ʼҩɢ
һΣڳɹƳ˺ʴɢЦ
æŸˣֻһֱ仯ѡϲЦɢֻλᣡ
ҶĿϲˣޣ
ʼɡ
ϲ˵Ļ£Ҷֿʼҩɢ
һأȻһξͳɹˣ
ϲɫ΢䣬ĵСûԶƹҩɢ𣿡
ǰʲôҶʵ
ϲ˵һֱ仯
Ҷٴһ˳
ļʱڣҶȻб仯˳ҶһԳɹ
ϲ̾ʨүûпӹȻǸţ
ϲ˲ϳ⣬Ҷ岻Ͻ
ҩݷҩݲϼ٣ȫҶƳҩɢϲ˵ѵҩҩ֮ȣѾ˺֪
ţϲ˿ʼҶҩݡ
һ֮ϲּӴѶȣʱƣѶԽԽ
ʮ֮Ҷ߳ҩݷ
ʮڣʧ˲ֹٴΣڼ䱻ϲ˳ͷ˼Σÿζ
ϲ˺Ҳ߳ҩݷֻϲ˻˵һЩҩ֮Ĵʲô仯Ҫ򵥵һЩ仯ȥݣЩϷղѾ̹㣬ԺһҪϰ
ǰģһģҶɫ
ڿػ֮ҩ֮ɵ֮ҪЩҪʱܳϷϷһεܿ٣Ϳ컯ˡϲ˵ţŲԶһ䷿ȥ
Ҷȥ


517 ˬ
ϲ˽ҶŴ
ڣϲ˹ʮֵҩһƷƷСҶϲǶѧ˲٣Ѿ˵ʼʱ䣬᲻뿪
뿪ҶͷһƾʧʥͼСһ̣ƾճ֮ڡ
óˡһЦȻ
ҶĿȥĸ֪ʱѾķ棬ĸĻʵĪǴҶڳʲô²ɣ
Ҷڵûгʲô£ǽĪСѾͷǳˡĸЦ
Ҷɫһ䣬Īʲô£
֪ˡĸ߳˷䡣
Ҷ
ܿ죬ĸҶ˴Ҷڵ䳡
䳡ϣһȺҶڵĵΧһʯƣڶƵˣȻСĪͿˬˣԼҶڵĵӡ
ˬСĪȻһһȴҶڵĵӡ
˿̣ڶƵˣȻСĪ
󣬾ȻżѾĴҶڵӡ
һĻҶЦá
СѾͷľȹңܡЦ
СĪ죬ղЩҲ˵Ƕڵˡ
Ϊ̫ľƣСǳͨ졣
ĪȺˣЦ
УСĪҡҡͷ˵ˣҪһ˺ȷ˵ģ
ЩҶڵĵСĪĻĭ̾СѾͷҲ̫뺷ˣ
Ȼȴ治ɫЦСѾͷӮ㣬˿϶˵ԴСǻǻһ˰ɡ
ҶڵĵӰӣһȲ˼ңȻ˵Ư
ٺ٣ɴȺˣĽͻȻս˳Ц
˱ĽҡҡͷвŮ
ߣҲŮģô˵ĪǿŮ˲ɣһЦȻ
תȥֻ˴Զ䳡ϣˣȻǹĸҶ壡
ݼҶڵĵǼæݼҶ塣
ʱȾƣץʱĸһ
ҶڵĵǿŹĸϾ¶˿־֮ɫ
Ҷ岻ݸĸЩԼҪ
Ͼȥ
ҶڵĵҲƵɢߣֻͿˬˡ
Ϊʲôȥĸ
ٺ٣ô˵ҲõȰľƺ˵УҺСѾͷ֮Ҫи˶ϲСٺЦ
ȾƵĻʱԺȣڿɲСҶЦ
ΪʲôĿҶ塣
ΪҺСĪϾҪȥϵˣǸûʱȾơҶЦ
ɵȥϵʲôСĪգŴ۾Ҷ塣
ϵкܶþƣҴȥȻȥľơҶһЦ
СĪǰһ
ٺ٣ҿɲԸһȥЦʵ
ҶһЦ˵ͷȻԡ
ٺ٣˵ϵǧڣҲ֪ûл᳢һ촽
ҶЦãһȻҲϵȵǧڡ

ʱҶͿˬŷб뿪Ҷڣֱϵȶȥ˿ˬ⣬Ҷһ뿪ˣˡѩˡȻ̵ˡ
֮⣬ӻרΪѡ˼ҶڵĵӣһͬȥϵȡһҶ岢İŋָصʱҶȹǻƼѶ
ҶƼƼѶȻ˴Ҷڣ⡣
Ȼ⣬Ҷȴûжʲô˿̣Ҷ󣬾ж˲μӵμӵˣֻ֮жǿ
ֻҪǻˣͲʮˣʸȥμӵԣȥϵȵ˿϶٣Ͼ׼似ǧڶ󣬼¥ʥĴҲĶ
ɵǧð³ֱ𣿡ˬȻʵ
Ҷ忴ſˬɫֻҪܵõǧڣūֱ۾Ϳ϶ܹ
ˬҶļ򣬡ɵ²ҪǿΪС
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ
Сӣǻʱиÿһ似Ľ˵˵Ϊǿ˴֮һϹǰһ
ҶĿһ۾˵ûв´Ӧǽǰ
Ľ񡢿ˬͳͬʱɫ䡣
¥ʥ֮˵Ĵӵţ᲻֪˭
ӵӣǽ
뵽˵ҪԼΪͽˬ˾͸оЩʵ
ǰǿϲΪͽɣĽҶ塣
ҶҡҡͷǰԲΪҶΪͽصĿ϶ǵ츳
ٺ٣˵ûĽ츳ΪͽҲΪ档ĽЦ
ܱӵıĽһۡ
ˬһЦЦݣҶ˵ɵҺͳǶԼ˽⣬ܲܰҿһ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ˬ̧ƣһɫסơ
Ҷüֻˬӵк
ʱˬ˱սӳս֮ϣҶԾıУսƮƮƯ
ţˬĿȻһսһ׹ڵء
Ҷץסսɫһ䣺أ
ˬǹսȻǧء
šŋص䡷еƪҵһˬȫһ
ˬȻʮ֮һȴҲϡУҼ£
һȫʮΪѹ֮
һ˿ʮ
һϡг̶ȫʮ


518 ϵ
һڡŋص䡷֮ϣΪ
ǳϡУҾѵĻҲǳСеߣΪҲδܾѡˬ徳;ˣʵһ
磬ӦҶɫ
ˬɫһ䣬ѹһӳ֮ϣܸıء
ǳϡУѹֽմΪͽҶ˵
ɵҵأҲͷųԼֻƶ˺ɫԪһƣ˲ȼ
ȻǱȴǻϵбȽһ֣Ҷ˵
ٺһЦãһұʹ绹ء
ҶͿˬͬʱЦ
СӡأĽʵ
Ҷ忴Ľ˵Ҳ
Ľҡҡͷ
Ӿѵĵ֣ٺ٣ʱɱһֻޣˣ壬ȴø˵֡Ц
ӣҿĵʲô𣿡Ҷ˵
Ľ˵ͷ̧֣չƣһϵִӿ
ƺʲôطƵĹġҶüһʱ벻ʲôطˡ
ñ˱ɷӣҲñԶ˯ȥֶʵ̫ˡЩµ˵
ҶĿһʲôطڵĹˡ
ħӺӰӽֵʱƵĹģЩģħžĪǣĽħһӵħ֣
뵽Ҷ岻ݣ˵ֻħһӵħ֣Īǣ˶ˣħ֮⣬еڶӵħ֣
СӣĪҲ֪ҵĵ֣Ľɫ΢䡣
Ҷʵ˵ħ𣿡
Ȼ˵Ľ˵ͷ
û´ħһҲӵħ֣Ҷɫ
Ľͬʱɫ䡣
ݵ𾪺ĽȻЦ˵ԺлΪĴӣŶĴ
Ҷ塢ˬͳ

ҶֺͿˬ˵˲ٹĶˬͳʹˣණһ͸ҪҶ͡
ĽҶ˽ħ֣Ըû취ʲôοĽڼΪĴУȥҶ˵Ļ
ͬʱбҲڳϵȼ۶ȥ
ϵλ¥ʥϵɽУɽ걻ɫ׵֣ԱΪϵɽϵǧɽУԶԶȥɽеȺɽ´ư硣
һһСķбɽȷȥҶ˵ķбҲһҡžϵʱҶ˵ķб֮ϡ
ϵȵÿγȥҪͷ𣿡սȻЦ
ٺ٣˵ǶǶŹǳȥСٺЦ
Ҷ˲ݸ
ʱǵķбѾһʯ̾͵Ĺ㳡֮ϣǷ׷˴
˷ɽ˺ǻԪ󾳣Ϊ˶С
¥ʥ⣬ȺҲˣʮӦþʦЦʮʦͬʱμӵҪǰʵ̫ˡ
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ƳһƷҩô𣿡Ľһ
˱Ľһۣû˵СѾͷ㶮𣿡
˲𣿡Ľͷ
Цҡҡͷ˵СѾͷһƷҩƷҩֻƷʵ֮ĲȴǳÿƷĵҩΪɫⲢ˵ҩɫо֣˵ҩ¯ʱͷųֵâ
ֵâĽɻĿˡ
һĻҶһЦ͵ÿŵҩڳ¯ʱ򣬶ͷųâƷԽãâɫԽ࣬õĵҩܹͷųɫҲǾֵâ
ͬһƷҩͷųһɫâĵҩȻȲͷųɫĵҩЦһԣһһƷʦ߱ΪƷʦƳɫһƷҩȻƷʦƷʦƷƷҲˡ
ԭҪƳƷҩȻôѡĽڨڨһЦ
֮ǶҩԵ⣬ǶԿػ֮ҩ֮ɵ֮Ҫ󶼷ǳϿСѾͷÿ˶ܳΪʦġܳΪʦеҲδƳɫϵĵҩЦ
˵ĻҹҲ˵ꡣ
ļⲻҲǸְɣ
ȻһЦҶ˱
Ҷתȥ˾ȻνݵѪŵˣʼ˵ˣνߵһаĺꡣ
ֵǲңֻ¥ʥĻҳϷõˣٺ٣ȷʵûС˰ȻЦ
ˣϲţ˵ҲǼٵİɡνһЦ
ٺ٣Ǽ٣ν˵㡣ЦϧϷѾСˣϷμһµǲ׼似϶Ϸ֮
ôĿͲ֪ǲֱ¡ǸЦ
ٺ٣С˭Ϸûб£»ֲʣһЦ
¹аЦʦȣ
ȡ֣ɫһ䡣
Ҷ忴ˣʵ˭
аЦĪҲμӵˣȻʦֶû
μӵˣͱ֪ʦ˭𣿡ҶЦ
аŲԶˣЦһʦһʣϲʶʦ
Ҷɫ΢䣬һʦʲôˣ
ʱСȻ˵ǼһϽ쵤Ĺھ˵ʱڵʱֻǶʮѡ
Ҷ룬ѹȵֱֻ顣


519 
ȣڵ򣬰ѧϰʮƳƷҩʮʱμӵѹʦƳ˾ɫƷҩõ֮λ
Ҫ֪ƳɫҩҩƷѾϵȣɫɫĵҩûмʦܹɫҩƳĻᣬǼûС
꣬ȵĶּǿƳ˰ɫƷŰѻȵǱȫ˳ǸѻȵǱƳˣҲǵ֮ˡ
ˣϽ쵤ҲǵˡɫȾٰʮεУ֣һõ˴ιھǱʥֶˡ
£ϣܹ͵򿹺ĵطֻʥ
ˣҲֻʥʦ֡
ʥһ֮ǿˣǾԺ콾ս콾׺ᣡ˵׺սѾܹƳɫƷҩ⣬ʥһܹƳɫƷҩ졢Լ컯ŵʦ֣磡
һǿʦˣǰаľһˡȵĵӣ츳ȲʦҲԲĶȥ
ʦû˵ӦòμӵĲŶԡаЦ
ҶһЦ˼ȷʵμӵģʦ˭ҸûȤ֪
ǺǣǾ͵ʱҵҪƣ㵽жٱ¡аһЦҶ߹νݺѪŵ˽ȥ
˼Ȼǵȵĵӣǵ֮ˬɫ
ٺ٣ǵ˭˵ĵ֮һСٺЦ
ĵӣٲ֮ҲͨȵģȻһЦ
ҶתȥֻһȺ˴ӷбϷ˹㳡ϣ˵ˣΪǸͷ췢ӥꡣ
ӥĲϹһѪɫ飬ÿ鶼мСĴŷǳŹ֣Ҷǰġĳۡ
ӥߣˣһȣѩݣϸɾļҲա
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ӥ꣬Լˣȫߡ
û뵽ô
սȻҶ߳
Ƽս죬Ǹ乭ĺŮ΢䣬Цδʼǲû
ٺ٣˵εţᵤʼʱѦĳһҪʶʶǸȵİҡеЦ
֪ǡս쿴ꡣ
ѦЦ
ѦսĿһЦԭԹԵĸͽ
ҶüԹ˭
˴Ҷ壺ԹϽ쵤ĹھҲǻȵʦܣ
Ҷǳ鴤ⵤʦҲδ̫˰ɣһʦŵУȻ
ǸֱߵСѾͷûУ˴Ϸûв´СѾͷӦǳĵӡ
˭Ҷ崫ʵ
ǻȵӣҲϽ쵤ĵңҲԵ򡣡˴
Ҷ塣
ǸͷСӣӦǽѩĵӡ˴ϴεѩϧܸԹǣֻõ˵ڶ
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ɫսɫ츳ȷʵҼģ
ɫ䣬ս춼ô˵ô֮Էǳ
Ȼҵ츳Ҫ΢ôһ㣬ʵѡսܲҪЦЦ
ˡ
ţûмڹ㳡϶ǳϵȥ
ϵкܶ¥Ҷѡһ¥ס
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ڼ䣬ɹֵʦȥϵĽ׳ƵҩҪҩģΪֱ׼
ַ֣ΪһίָҩʦƣƵǶƷҩڹ涨ʱڳɹƳҩˣء
صˣԽڶͨǩķʽÿ˾ҪʲôҩһƵһƷҩ
صˣԽÿʦԼѡһֵҩԼ׼ơڹ涨ʱƳҩңҩƷƷʣǰôƵҩ֮ˣӦȡǰ׵ĳɼ
˵УƳõĵҩˣȻǵĹھҲǾµĵ
ڣҶϣǰŰоչľᣬھд֡ʮҩںһȻʼݿֵܳҩԡ
ĵĵһ֣
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ҪƳƷҩҪƷԪʯƷҩҪƷԪʯ
ƷԪʯҵҪҵƷĻԪʯЩˡһԵƷԪʯЩıƷȫЩ䱦ҵҲѹ򵽡
ڵһԵľƷԪʯǸ޼֮ΪƷԪʯлɱ
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ҶûˣȻԽдԽ죡
ΣҲһۣŻЦҡҡͷٹעҶ壬УҶֻǸЦѡ


522 һǧپʮֱ仯
ʱƣʦľѾҩĵı仯ݽߣҩĵı仯Ѿ޷ڼȥ
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һǧʮֱ仯֮ɫ

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һҿ֮ǰѾݹƵҩϣԲݳһǧֱ仯
֮ŭˣֻ֪Īڻǰѿй¶
Цҿû˼˵пݹҩϡ
֮һҶ壬˵Ҷ壬һǧپʮֱ仯޴֣
ɫɨҶһۣʵ޷ԼȻڶҶ塣
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ǿ˿ػ֮ҶʨүЩ伮ϼźֿܶػ֮Щػ֮ʺڵΪû㹻ǿĻ档
һѾõ֣ڶֻеõʮ־͹ˣڵĿػ֮õʮ־û⡣Ҷȹ˵ڶ֮취ҸõĻ棡
ڶ֣߷ֻ֣ҪܹؾС


523 Ū
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ΪͷųĻǳ£ǶǳȺһԣͨ˸ǡһǵһȺᣬ󱻻ҧˡ
ᱳ˩һӣΪɻ顯ûڵƳġ˻Ļ֮⣬κλ涼ᱻա֮Ц
ǻᴫһֿػ֮Ǳѧֿػ֮Ȼֿػ֮ȥϵɻ顣Ц
αԵʱ䣬ͬΪĸʱʮɻ飬ܵõ֣ſɻ飬ʮ֡һҲû֡˽˵ǸǵĿػ֮⣬似ͱȵȣȫ׼ãֱȡμӵʸ񣡡
ǵĿػ֮ΪŪ棬һֵؽ׿ػ֮֮һЦһӣһööɳֱʦϡ
ҶҲõһöüģгŻ棬ԼһɫĹģЩĺȻ۳˰ֻݣֱǺסӥ𰡢姬𽡢ڡȸ
ֻڻа衭
˺Ҷ忴Ķһģһʮʱ䣬ͷˣ촷ۡ
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һҶĸֳһ棬ԽԽʢҫ֮˫ֽӡ˷Ԫһֻ׺ף
ͬʱԶǰĻҲ˷ݡ
֮Ŀһֱ˿ǲȫţҶ츳ȫڻǣӻ˵ҶĻԶԶ˵Ļ档
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Ҷɫ䣬ĻǿֻҪֹ죬ɻҲκβ˰ֻݡҶͲһˣĻ㣬ٿ죬Ҳѵֵסɻɡ
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֮ҡҡͷֽ֪ҶĻ桭̫ˡ
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˵ǰҶ嵱Ц
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һŪˣҪһöɻҲǾ̫Цˡ
Ǳˣǵһֵĵһһöɻ鶼ǿɾǵʷĵһˡ

ȻҲв˿ҶİŪ沢ֻǻѣ԰Ūûзӳ
ʱ͹аҲɻ顣
ͬʱҶֳΣȻûгɹ
Ҷ弥ЦһһΣڶֵ֣ҿ㻹˵֣
һҶ壬ü΢ϧˡ
ʱҶѰֻںϳһֻڣֻݣ̫֮ɢѻ֮֮󣬲лɻ飡
ವһڳһֻȥζ
һΣٴʧܣǱɻˣǱ˺ƬûķյУƾһֻڣʵںѵõɻ顣


524 ޹
ڱ˺ˣҶɫһ䡣
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аͰ˽Ҳõʮɻ顣
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ʱ쵽ˣҿܴܲڶأЦ
СӰӦڶĵһˣұڵϻڿҼʸûˡ
ۿڶֱԼҶٴʩչŪ棬һΣ滯һֻ׺ף׺׾ȻƵĳŻ˹ȥ
ͷһ׺ףӲѰ׺˺Ƭ븹Сϲɻ棬׺˻ȻŹ̳԰׺׵Ļᡣ
ȻҽмҴܿ죬ͿỤ̃
Ҷ󲽳˹ȥȡ˻ᱳϵɻ飬ãֻᱳɻ飡ȡɻɲǣɢһ˿˿ɫ֮С
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֮ɫ΢䣬Ҳﲻԣֲ֪ʲôطԾ
ȻȻҶ壬˵涨ʹðŪ֮⣬ʲô似ͱҩҲãղſ϶ʲôԲԵ޹ʵˣ
ЦҶЦȻˣҲ˵ղҲ似Ըᡣ
ҲǼ᣿Ц
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ֻҪԸ⵱˵˵֮ĽҶûκιϵ˳ΣҶһЦ
ߣһͻȻҶ岻ԶĻᣬȮ˲䱻롣
ҶһЦûпʲôǲжˣ
Żʬ忴˰죬ЦһתصԼλ
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Ҳֻõˡ˼Ц
ҩ츳ȷʵǿϧĿػ̫֮ˣ򣬵лͻһϳ̡ҲвҶϧ
֮˵ڶֵıԵΪֹּõһٶʮֵˣ֮󣬼μӵֵıԣˣɢ˰ɡ
ԣɨҶһۣȥţ½вʦ͹սȥ
ҶͿˬ˻غϻҲ뿪˵ȡ
·ϣҶ֪СսҲǳ˳ͨ˵һءСսͨһֺ͵ڶ֣ȫҶϵС
;УҶʹȻˣϵȸ𣿡
ڵֿʼ֮ǰ뾡ԼĻ档
СҲʦ϶ƷߵĻϵ󷨣Ҷ岢ΪСϾСѧ󷨣пʦԺģʦԺǾԲ⴫ġ
Ȼ˵ͷϵȶһ޹ȣ޺ܶ࣬ҲС
ɵʲôˬʵ
սҲɻĿҶ塣
ҪһŻϵ޵Ҷɫ
ٺ٣һȥҵĻʲôʱҵһȥĻ϶ò˶þҵСЦ˵޹ȵߺܶ࣬Һܾû߸ˣ˵Դ󱥿ڸ
սǰһ촽޹ﲻԶ֮ڣǾԿԸϻ
һЦ
£ҶԸƼѶŴҶڵļȻؾ¥ȻͿˬ˳ŷб޹ʻȥ

Ҷߺ󣬻ƼѶһִҶڵĵԼСĪص˾¥ʹҶڵĵǷֿ󣬻ƼѶȡüģ漴ˡ
˲䣬Ҷھ¥ԶһҾ¥ķڣһԭϴ˺Ȼ˫Ŀ
ˣȻѪ֮һصνݣ
νݷƣһöƾճУͻȻͷųâǰУһָ֣ǣ
뿪ǰ޹ȣ
ٺ٣ѪŶ㣬˶㡭νһЦҲƼѶһȡ˴ѶϢȻ顣
ϵĳصĵطһźɫҵܵνݵĴѶü˻ƵǸûᡭ

ʱҶѾŷб޹ȡ
޹ȣľ죬ϴֱ۰ִǧٹֵĶ棬ʱ޳ûʢѪ𣬼ʹԶҲܿ÷ǳ
Ҷͷųʶɨܣо˺üµȫ󾳴
˵޹ֻѾֻֻؾòҪ̫޹ȣǣȻѵ
޹лϵ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ȼһ£˵˵޹ֻʵֻޣһֻǻޣŮ޽޹Ⱥ󣬶°ˣ󱻾ȻʱѾĥ˳մ
ˬѵûȥɱ𣿡
ȻЦȻȥΧ˹Ҷ󾳴Բߣ̫ƻˣÿζˡңڼɵ޹ֻΧ˸޹ȡ
ҶһĨɱ
Ҷ塢սС֣ȫԻɱοѩ˵ˡ


525 
޹ڣҶ˵ķбûɳԶһҷбҷбϵˣȻɢ¥ˡ
Ǻǣʦãû뵽ǻ档ɢ¥ĴʦЦ
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оȻһĨɱ
Ҷɫ΢䣬죬ʵ֣Ī͹г𲻳ɣ
Ĭˡ
֣ĪҶŲҶ崫
Ҷ˵ҵĸĸڹĸϵģ
Ҷɫ䣬ѹԹɱġ
ҵʵҵϵӣΪ޷ѵ֣Աǣ촫ʵҵ죡
Ҷɫ䣬ȻҵĵҪҵү
ǰĸһżҵΪҵڹżõĶǳҵҵֻǻԪѣǵĶ֡ҵԽԽأ͹ˡ
ҶĬû˵
ĸΪҵ˵ˣܾ裬ҵҲԸǣҧĸ׾Ȼҵĸףĸ˵ҵõǱ似ֻǲƪѣȻҪĸװһֽ
ĸ׸û似ʲôߺ޵Ǹ񶾵Ů˾ȻҵĸףǸŮ˱Ҳɱˣȴһ˾ˡ
Ҷ̾ΪʲôϺҵˣҲףΪʲôҪȻˣΪȻҲɢ¥ȼҵˡ
Ǹûұһƺһ仰˵˵裬ȴŭҶ֣ʵ̫СҪɱˣþ׳ʲôʱӱˣʥҡ
ʥˣҶɫ΢䡣
˵ͷλǰȻȥʥӦþʥˡ
Ҷ˵Цٴδʦã޹ȸʲô
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Ŀȥһʮҵ޸˴Ӵ߳ˡ
㣿ȻЦʲôʱ˸㣬Լô֪
ûĶȻѾˣҾͺúһ㣡޸ЦһͻȻ̧֣һȳ˷Ԫ۳ӡ˹Ȼ
⸾˾Ȼ󾳺ڵΪ
ߣҶЦľһնƿգƵԪӡ磬ն˸ˡ
ͻȻ¶˾ɫˣӭȥһ죬˲ĵ˼еĽ˲š
˾ɫ䣬ǹĸ׹֮ɢ¥¥֮ޣΪˣڹ֮Ȼһ󾳳ڵ˸һˣɢ¥ĵ᲻
ȻҶҶ֣֪˭𣿡֮Ц
˭һ治֪ҶһЦſˬСˣʵ֪֪˭
ٺ٣СûмСЦ
ˬҲЦҡҡͷ
Ҷ忴Ź֮Ц㾿˭Ȼûκһϵ㡣
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ҶĿһ˵СģЩ⣬ǧҪڣ
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֮ɫһ䣬æִŮӣȻɫصĶɢ¥ĵ˵СЩ
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ʱսѪɫɢ˷ҶڵķбսӵеѪ
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һȻҶ촽ĿģѰһϵ
ٺ٣λˣǾܷĺˣֻҪǹԹԸһȥҾԲǵģһЦŹ֮˹ȥ
Ҷңɢ¥ԲŹģ֮ˣ˵
ٺ٣ɢ¥ʲôЦץ˹֮
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һƱ˹֮֮аЦһץ˹ûκηĻͱץסѩ֡
ѣȻ˿ʱ˹ȥС
֮ɫ䣬еŮ
ٺ٣û뵽ǾȻĸŮаЦĸŮãûԹĸŮͬʱ̵ζ
˵ţſһ磬죬ϯ˹֮ɢ¥ŮӶȥ
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ֿ󾳳ߵߣ򣬸˵֮


526 
ҼȻȥԸȻлİգɫ
Ҷ˵ȥԸɣǾˣ
Ŀս졢СˡѩˣҶ˵ھȥԸɣ˾Ͳˡ
˵ţҶѾһԾս˽
Ź֮˹ȥȻҧ촽Ҳ˹ȥ
ƼҶ˳Լɱ˹Ц
Ҷ˵УΪߵҲֱƹ˶ѣֻڶѣҶ˷

СһЦüͷųͷ죬һֻô֣ץ
çЦ̧һץ죬ɫߣô֣һ죬ôײ𶯣衣
ˢѩ˼һѪɫգɱˡ
߾Ȼսɫ΢䣬ӿס˽Ĺ
սͻȻӵһȭɱѪ۳ȭӡɽѹ
ǾԺĵؽ似ӡݻޱȡ
ɫˣҵת֣纣ϯȭӡһȭӡ֮ϣ޻ϣҲ޷ǰ
ն
ͻȻնɱ˺ѿ쳹졣
һû뵽Ҷʹ˵Ľ룬æſ뽣ײһ񱩵ľ硣
Ȼû˴˼ս󣬷ݻսĳţս졢СѩˡҶҲͬʱֹ
Щ྿ʲôΪʲôʵ㤣ͻȻͷų˶
¡
Ҷ˵Ĺȫ֮ϣ˲䱻ɢ
Ȼˣ
д򣡡Ҷɫ䡣
Ǳߣ˳ŲԶȥֻһɫ߳޹ݶȥ
׷Ҷʹ׹ݣηסˣವһȫʧٳֵɲǣѾ
һȻһͷֵС
ҶҲŷ֡
ͷ׷ҺСһ𡣡Ҷ˵
ս˵˵ͷ˵ֿͷ䡣

ҶСɢʶѰ䡣
Ȼǵɫͬʱһ䡣
ˣСɫ
ҲֹһʵҶĿһɨܣ˵λȻˣΪλ
˷кȻ˳һǾŸͷңֳֺۣɫˣЩ˵ΪȻȫڣ
ǵ֮ͨߺѷǣǲԽʮʦǸ˻ڣ˻ơ
ǸɵˣĪʶҶʵ
ǵɡЦ룬ǵɣӦýðɡ
ãҶСܾɣǲû˵ɡ
ûʶıҪΪϾͻˡΪǸ˻ڡ
˭ɱǵģҶɫ΢䡣
ˣɱǣɱ㣡ΪǸ˵˿뿪ǾԲ
ߣСߵΪһ𣿡
㲻ߵĻҲΪ׺˺ƽ˵
СЦãҵƣ㾿ܲɱҡ
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ľҶ죬ɱŸͬʱ˽һŵɫ磬Ҷ壡
ûȥС
ҶüͷųͷסŲʶ󣬾Ųʶ⣬Űѷɽֱ˾Ÿˡ
Ǿ͸ƺѾ֪ҶɽһǸûܣȥץɽǾȻÿ˶Žɫס
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ŸѾƽҶ壬ŰѽͬʱҶ壬ݺᣬҶ˶С쳹ûնҶϣն˷ħϡ
ؼʱ̣ҶȻ˷ħ
÷ħסŸ˵ĹҶнէ׺齣һһˣδӦѾĺ
ͬʱСҲˣߵķĻһþָǸΪ׵ĺ˵ĺԣ
ǸΪ׺˲һܿþָ
ʱҶͷų˻ϯ˷к˶˻У˵ΪʱһС硣
Ǹû뿪Ĵ㣬ǾȻȫҶ˹ȥ
Ҷ֣˸˵Ϣͬʱǣ񱩵Ϣǵĺ۶˿
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һжָƽʱ򣬷Բǧ֮ѾΪƽأϳһɵӡըıԵƯһڶҶķħ
ħѾյýڣŨ
ҶСӷħԾ˳תǧӣͬʱɫ䡣
ڶʵǲҲҪüƤСĭ
Ǿ˭ģҶɫأųŸߣԱķʽɱԼѵʥɣ
Ҳֻʥɲʵ
ЩһǷӣΪɱ㣬ȻϧԱСµ˵ǻǾȥǻϰɣҪɱ鷳ˡ
ҶһЦ˵ͷ
С˷ۣû뵽Ҷ嵽ֵزЦ
£˲ٶС


527 
ոսУҶСͿһˣһڵҶϵĺ꣬Ǳ֮˾ͺһʱʵȴˡ
ĴڣΧĿƺˡ
ҶСͬʱͣ˽ŲĿźꡣ
˭Ҳû˵꣬ؼⰲ
ڣǸ꿴Ҷˣڣǿ֪Ϊڴˣ
ٺ٣ƺûκιϵСЦ
Ҷû˵
ȡǵһ˵˵
ٺ٣㿪ЦһҲЦСЦЦ
꿴Ҷ壬Ҷ壿
ΣҶ˵
Ҳѧ국ڡ
˽֮⣬ҲҶЦ
㱾ҳϾҲѧҾһΣҵĽ¡˵
ҶĿһҲѧ͸֪Դ֮˾ԲӦеġ
һý֮ûе˵ľģý국ڡ
ĽأҶȻʵ
㿴ҵĽ֮ʱѾˣӦڻûпҵĽ˵
СЦԲѣ
Ҷ岻˵γľѾ˫
국סɱ֮ˣ
˵ţɢһɼֲϢͬʱ߾ȻƾոֳһѰ糤ɫȫ׼Ҷ壡
Щǧÿѽ͸ġ
ǡСͫһ
󾳴Բԣ벽ֻأҶɫһ䡣
ۿƯĽնɱҶСҶüĺȻһĨɫââɢȥһߺȻ֡
ͻȻֵߣϲˣ
ҶѾ죬Ȼϲˡ
ϲˣƽ˵
ϲЦˣԩ޳𣬺αҪأ
Ҳɵ˵
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ɱ𣿡Цˡ
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ȻڵϣǣߵĽȻƾնﵽѽ֮ࡣ
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ϲڣһɫ趯쳣׳ۣ
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ȻһЦٺ٣ﻹ֡
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ҼȻѾûаѽĵ˵ҵĽȻѳȻҪѪա
ٺ٣ûƼλǰλǰڣټǼСĽô˵õǣٺЦ
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ٺ٣ҿǴҶڵĵӣЦ
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ٺ٣ˡٺЦ
ǻѾҵھȥǰɡҶ˵Ȼ͸¶ԼʵݣҶҲȥ׷ףϾûʲô⡣
£ƿշߣ޹Ѱս˵䡣
ʱҶһĿҵսˡ
һɫ˵ڵϣѾûκսˣս졢ѩ˺ˣҲ˲Сˡ
Ҷ˷˹ȥ
ҶˣͫһڵҶ˵Ķ֡
Ҷߵߣ׺齣
ɱңһڵģ
ΪʲôҪڣɱҲŻڣҶЦ
޹ѾͻƵֻؾĴһҴ磬ɱңԲŹ㣡Ц
ҶĬˡ
¶֮ɫҶɱ
Ȼһ̣ͫ׺Ȼһ
ҶͻȻһ׺齣ͷ­նѪֹ
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Ѫɫӣ
ֻҪӣϸУӵвڻ˵ˡ
ʱսܵʬԣЦ߸϶ζ˵ţĸһϹ⣬ϹɢȥʬѾʧϸС
ҶҲϸн
һƿշߣŷбڷȥ


528 
Ҷ˻صбϵʱѾص˴ϡշڣϵ˿ڣѾ˸ѪˣѾҩȴڶʱڸԭ
ҶҲ֪͹֮֮һսӦѾΪԼĸĸ˳
Ȼչ죬Ҷ岢û£صԼķ䡣
ڡ
ҶϣڱϸڵԪͬʱעԼʱͱˣһɫ档
չƣҶĳһɫ棬ڵ¶Ȼ
ͽɡҶ棬ֶ˲ٰա
󾳣ԪϸԪʹ仯ҺԪꡣǴԪĺöΪʹԪøױҺ̬ԪҶЦ
󾳵УҺ̬Ԫ׳ϸʹϸɱ䡣ÿɱ䣬ߵ񶼻У޷԰Σ̣Ϊ١
ȹһĽ٣Ϊڡ
ȹĴĽ٣Ϊ󾳺ڡ
ȹĽ٣Ϊ󾳴Բ
еˣȹΣĽ٣еˣȴһζ޷ȹʧȥǱ˷ӡ
Ҷӵֻ֮Ҫӵ㹻ԪʯʱлᾭԼĵһĽ١˵ףҲף˵ѣȴҲѡΪɽٺѣͻɰ׳ա
Ҷ忪ɵ֣ʼ˷ԪȻԪʹҺ̬Ԫϸ

Ҷ뿪޹ȵʱ޹ڴһŭȣ˭ɱֵܣ
ŭ𶯰˷Ϊ͵Сŵڵء
˭ҪʬΣŭٴ

ʱҶڻصϵȡ
뵤ֻһ죬Ҷ岢ûʦһȥμӽ״ᣬԼķػ֮Ͼոյõ棬ʱƿغ棬ڵƱػܳԿ
ڶ죬Ҷսһȥ˵ȡ
һֺ͵ڶֵֵ̭ʦѾֻһǧˡһֹԣһÿʦƳָ֮Ʒҩͻᱻ̭ڶƳָƷҩҲᱻ̭
һ̭ʣµˣʸǰһÿʦסһԼĵƳ˭Ƴĵҩã˭ͻʤ
Ҷȵʱ򣬴󲿷ֵֽʦҲˡ
εıԳؽڵ룬һֱԲεƽ̨ţƽ̨ҩܣ֮˷ҩġ
Ҷ塢սСԳأƽ̨
ƽ̨ίϯείʮˣһ֮ǸʮҵĺӣݿţǹЦݡ
Ͻ쵤ĵԹǣ
ԵѾ룬Կʼ𣿡֮Ц
ԹЦŵ˵ͷһƵĵҩƷ
ƷҶһɫһ¾ͻƵԪĻһɣɫɣƳɫϵľɵĻᣡ
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Ƴɫ˲ܹأڣʱԿʼʱʱܰʱҩˣҲܹءԹЦ
ɫԱ䣬Ͻ쵤ƳɫƷҩͿͨһˣһξȻҪƳɫƷһɫ֮Ϳ̭ܶʮˣϰˡ
ܿ죬һЩʦͻعȥƾҩģԼ¯
ҶҲǬȡҩģƾҩĹʮ֣ʮǸҩģֲҩģҲҩӵİҩģʱĻ΢ҩԾͻᷢƫʧܡ
еʦʱΪҩԵƫµ¯ըеʦը¯ɥ
ȡҩ֮󣬵һȻǷҩĳɹʣԼн鷳ȻſʼһʦӦþ߱ʡ
ȻڷǳϤҩҩǳѸٵ˲ô鷳ֱӿʼ
˾ˣҲû룬ϾȡҩĿʼ
ֻ˫ֽӡɫ纣ˮĻָͬһͻһֻͰ׶һСĻˡ
ţһӣҩķɵУΧҩİ裬ʹҩʼƯڰУҸҶӵв߳ɫҺ塣
ǰĿػȻ鴫ίϯϵίǷ׷̾
ؽƷػȻԹЦ˿ػ֮⣬ȻϵĴҩ֮졷ѧˣٺ٣츳ȷʵ˵á
ҲǵؽƷӿػʹҩ˵ս⣬Բκˡ֮˵
ػҩɵΪ
Ѿҵ׼ļֵ似ؽƷ׼ļֵ˵޼½ϣԺ֮⣬Ѿûˡ
ٺ٣ʦԺ;ԺΣѧмһЩΪаЦ
ǿɲҵ漥ЦϾείУҲɵʦ⼸ɵʦһֱѹţǼˣǲҵ
Ϊ䣬ΪǿƼ
ʱƽ̨ϣҶҲȡҩģ㿪ʼҩġ
СӵĿػ֮ϧˡ֮ҶһۣҡҡͷҶͨһء


529 Ԫ޼
֮֮ԻҶеϧΪΪҶȻҩǿҶ岢û㹻ǿĻ档ţҶҵƳƷҩĻ档
Ȼһ̣ɫȻˣƼҶ巭ƣĳһɫ棡
ɫ¶ȼߣɢίϯҲĸо
𣡡ԹĿһǵῴɫ
ɫдӦɵģңӦ󾳺ڣһ󾳳ڵˣܵɱΪޡԹǽ˵
˭иίſʵ
˽Ҷ壬ˡһʥʦɫǰȥʥμѡˣϷ
ѡΣԹЦ֮λֻʣ󾳳ڵΪԲܳΪ񽫡
֮˵˵ͷʥɣÿɳһ콾֮λͱռˣֵõˣ
Ǹʥʦҡҡͷǲ´ˣѾ񽫡
ԹǺ֮˾ɫ䡣
񽫣ȷʵɱһ󾳺ڵ֮
ܳΪ֮ˣΪֻ󾳳ڣҲܰսÿ񽫶ǿԽɱе콾
ܳΪ񽫵ˣ츳ǿǣ츳츳Ტ֪ۡ츳ΣԹЦ
ǸʥʦȻҡҡͷǴˣȥμѡεʱûͻƵ󾳡
һԹǺ֮ɫ䣬һ߾ȻܹΪ񽫣
ãԹǵ˲Żָƽ
֪֪Ҷ徿˭ĵӣԹʵ
˵õضĴкŋָصĴУ룬ΪˣԲΪΪ񽫡Ǹʥʦ˵ңӵ֣ӵ
Թǵˡ
ӵӺ޺۹ӣ˶ֶԸˡڣ˭ҲˡǸʥʦɫΪ˵Ѿ뾫ԺΪ˾ԺԺĵӡ
Թǵ˳˳Ĭ֮⣬Ѿ֪˵ʲô
ѾʼҩˣҵҪƣ֮ǷҲ츳һɫǸʥʦһЦҶȥ
ԹǵҲ˹ȥֻҶĿ£һȦʮҩȫȦΧУҩϲɫʳ
ʲôػΪδûмԹɫ䡣
Ȼ֪õʲôػ֮Կ϶ǣǵؽƷ֮ɫͬʱʮҩģԲͨĿػ
ⲢǾԺĿػӾʲôطõ˾Ŀػίɻ
ǲ֪ҶõĿػ֮ʵԪ޼пػҩͳɵǲ۲۵֮
ֻڵҶ޷ӳ׵ѡ
ʩչԪ޼ҶȻڻ֮ҩģȴͻһҩĶˡ
˱ҶһۣɫԱ䣬ǱѾûҶ嵱֣ȴòҶ塣
ʱҶѾȡ˷ħѾʼ׼
ͬȡ˸Եı
Ҷͻ˼ͬʱҩݷ˵¯ͬʱѻע˵¯ʼ
Ҷķħڣһҩݣҩһ㱻룬ҩмƯڶСʩչ֮ҩģںҩģʹҩķһϵзӦ
̣ԻĿҪǳϿ΢ǰеĵҩռҩľҪۣһˣ˭Ҳܲ
ʱҶͻȻڽ
ҩںϵԽɵĵҩԽãԣǲ˿и
˵˭õĵһĵһԹǺȻЦʵ
ίĬˣ⻹治ûشпܵǻڳ˸ս츳Ҳǳ£ǻ治ƶ˭õһ
οҶı
ֹƬ̡
ǰĵ¯ϣ¯һһӣ죬¯˻룬Żתת
ѾʼĲˣɫ
ĲǾתɵ
˵ֻҪתûɢҩ۳ɵҩҪתǧתת
ţҲʼɵˣͷųɫĻ棬Լĵ¯תһ˷˼˺˼
漴硢սСҲ̿ʼĲ
಻Ҳʼ˵ĲΪʱѾʣ޼ˡ
֮ˣҶȻһ㶯ҲûС
ô£ʱѾ쵽ˣڸʲôԹɫ΢䡣
֮ΪҶżҶԼȴƽǲʼĲ
ʱֻһ죬ĵ¯̨ϣͬʱҲĲ
ԹǲٹעҶ壬Ż˵¯ɡ
˻һۣЦɡ
ûпȴ˵¯¯һ򿪣âɫâϯ˷
ɫ˾ɫ䣬ȻƳɫ
ڣâɢȥһӵ¯ó˰˿žװϽԹǵˡ
ˡһЦҲ˵¯ͬɫâſ
Ȼɫ˰
ͬѵҩϽԹǵˡ
ԹĿһۣüͷ΢壬ĵõĻ棬ƺʲôط
ʱսҲƺ˵ҩЦЦȻûãǾȿ¯ɡ˵ţѾ˵¯
ɫ
ɫâҫ˷
ɫ΢䣬Ȼû뵽սҲƳɫ
Ȼֻɫսüͷ
ˡ


530 ˭˵ûɵĲ
ٺ٣Цѣ档սٺһЦ
˿Цá
ʱ硢аѦҲĲο¯Ƴɫ͹аֻͬƳɫ
ʮĲǵУҲƳɫƳҩˣûдﵽҪֻɫһɫ
ʱ쵽ˡԹǺȻҶ壬Ҷ忴ȥһ㶣ҶȻûпʼĲĪɵ˲ɣ
ͬҶȥǵͬҲ¶˲֮ɫ
ߣھ㿪ʼɵҲѾˣЦ
ܲɵΪʲôʼɵҲ֡
˶֡
ˬͳ˵Ͼ¶֮ɫ
ʲô£ΪʲôȥȻɻ
ȻԹǺȻ˵ʱ䵽ˣ
ͰЦˡ
ҶЦˡ
ԣ˶һ
Ҷ壬ûĲΪʲô˵ԼѾõҩˣԹǽüһ
˭˵ûĲҶЦ
񿴰׳һۿҶ塣
ҶûˣЦЦ˷ħĶǣʱҫ۵ɫâſ
ôܣ˾ɡ
ɫԹǵҲ㵲ѡ
ڣâɢȥҶѵҩȡ˳ϽȻ𾪵֮ˡ
֮ԹǵĶҶ壬ʵ㾿ôģ
ҵĳɵ֮ͱ˲ͬҶЦ
ԹûмȥϾ漰Ҷĳɵ֮֮ˣɻľԼ֮й¶ȥ
ԹǶ˵һʱ֮󣬿ʼڶ
ʣʮʦ׷׻صԼ̨ŻָԪȴŵڶԵĿʼҶ塢սСҲص˸Ե̨
ίϯϣԹ˵˹ĳɵ֮Թǻǵһμ
֮Ҳ˵ͷĳɵȷʵǳ죬ȻҲʲôʱʼĲġ
ĳɵǸ˭ѧģҲʮ־ɡ
һʱҴҶ
ڶԣƵĵҩƷԹЦ˵ֻҪƳƷǼɫûйϵУƷҩʱҪ΢һЩĸʱ
˵ڳʦмƳƷֻһɫâƷҲơʦɫأƷҩ˵ǳѣҲҪһԡ
ϵҩĲҿٸǰʱʱȥ׼ҩġԹЦ
Ȼмʦ߱ҩģǵ뿪̨ȥ취ռҩȥˡֵ˰ʱʱڿʼ
ֻȡҩģֿʼһ
֣ÿֶвͬƷǰ֮л䵱еһ䡣Ҷڵ֣ҲƵһ֣ȥ֮ҩԻںܾãֱ仯
ȻͬƷҩǵƵһ֣ΪֵҩҪҩĸ࣬ҩҲӸӡҶɨӻ˴ҩģĿһƵģǵ
ʧܵĻܴ󣬲һְ취ԼСʧܵļʡҶѾ˾
֮ȡҩģʼһ
֮Թǵ˳Ҷ忴ȥҶҩʱǶüͷǵ۹⣬ῴҶƵֻͨѣѵĵ֡
СӻǡһЩίҡҡͷҶЩϳƳɫƷʦѵΨҶǸ⣬ǶΪҶ졣
ϯϣһЩ˵Ҳ¶˼֮ɫ
ƵûУʵΪƳɫƷʦ˼Ц
ûһĪΪ˹أΪʦ϶Ҫ𣿡˽ҲЦ
ˬͳû˵ҶʲôǶ֧֡
ͨͰ˿ҶһۣҲ¶֮ɫ
ʲôüûô򵥡
Ҷ岢û˵ͼЦڼоƵҩ
ʱĺܿ죬תۼ˰ʱ
ڵȻʱԹǵüͷȴԽԽĿʼնеĺɫ棡
ԵĪ㿴Ϊͽɣ֮Цʵ
ԹǲĿ֮ɫĻƺʲôط
Ǻǣ»ϵԵʶ㣬ƵĻϵҲΪ档֮Ц
ǣܸоĻЩ졣Թü
Ǻǣֲӵоа̵ɻֺ֣αصô֮ࣿЦ
а̣ԹǺȻɫ䣬ˣ
֮ɫ΢䣬֪Եʲôˣ
һǰиӱɱȫճ˻ҽԹɫ˵ǸǰһЩЩɱǾа̵ˣĳλаϵ״ӣ
֮ɫ䣬˼˵ǡ
һ츳ˣ˾а֮⣬ʵ벻ǸɵˡԹЦңĻǸڵĻһģһԲд϶Ǿа̵ˣ
˵ԹǾֶԸ
Եȵڶ˵֮ȻڣΪһ;ͣ
Թ˵ͷ
Ͼڵȣôڣӣ֮˵
Թǵͷаμӵͼı϶СץסԺҪȱ˵μӵĿġ


531 
ʱ󣬻ս˼ͬʱĲ
ȿ¯¯ɢҫ۵Ĺâһε¯ɢĵâֻɫȻϾƷҩǱȽƵƷҩƳɫâ˵֮ľտ
ţְĿͶս죬ƵĵҩֻǼɫ
սһۣͬʱ˵¯ҫ۵ɫâӵ¯ɢ
ɫȻҲɫ˾
ϣΪˣӦþ˵еһˡ˵
ʱСҲƺ˵ҩ
СһЦȿ¯ĵ¯һ򿪣ɫâʱͷųҫ֮
СӲԲѣȻɫƷٸ꣬δػ
ţ͹аҲ̿¯ǵĵ¯Ҳͷųɫâ󣬲ʦҲ̿¯ܿϧ󲿷˶ûƳƷҩƳƷҩˣֻʮѡ
˶Լĵ¯ֻһûУǸ˾Ҷ塣
СӣͲܿһЩ𣿡мԳί
ʱδȥɡԹ˵
ֵһڣ͵ʱҪʱҶֹͣ
Ҷ壬ĵ𣿡Թʵ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ˷ħҫ۵ɫâͷų
ɫһҶȻҲƳɫ
ߣɫ磿ȻЦͨ˵ɫɫҲ
ٺ٣ͨѶȲɫâѡҲЦ
ͨȷʵɫʵɫֻлսܹ
˵ͨ𣿡Ҷ忴Ͱ磬Цʵ
ߣۿҩģѵм˵ͨҩƵߡ
ҲģҶͨҩƳ
ֻ˵̫֮ãҶЦ
Ҳ֮Ȼڣκ˶ղõЩҩƳ
ڳˣȫŵԹǿȥ
ԹǳĬƬ̧̺ͷҶ壬üͷ˵ĳ֪֮һ֣֮ѾʧĪǡ
ɻȻһ֮
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ûõȷʵڵ֮
Թɫһ䣬ϾãȻ֮ɫ
Եʲôڵ֮˺Ȼʵ
ϵĵҩȻѵҩںһ𣬾ͳΪڵԹ˵һ֮ڵƳţͨȻںϣʹͨɱɵ
޲𾪣ҶȻѾʧڵ֮
ģЦߣҲĻڵ
ǲģֻҪԵһҶĳƵĵҩ𣿡ҶһЦѵҩȡԹǡ
ԹǺ֮ϸ˵ҩƬ̺Թǿˣ˵ҶƵĵҩȷʵǵ
ȫȻ
ҶƳǵ˵ƵĵҩȻƵҩƷʻҪá
ѾŤС־Ȼڵ֮ƾʲô
ɫҧ촽ЩʣڵĻɫҲ
ˬЦˣǾ֪ҶԲʧġ
С˾λǰˣίϯϵʦɡ
ɸ˵컯αȥĽˡ֮Ц
ʱԹǺȻȥ㾿ʲôˣ
һ˾ɣʲôˣ
ãȻĿԹǣԵҲĻʲô˼
ߣϣԹЦĪҲ֪𣿡
ǳ򶨣ЦԵ㾿˵ʲô
㻹Ǿа̵ˣԹ
һ˶һȻǾа̵ˡ
а̣Ҷɫ΢䡣
Ե˵ڻȵ£֪˵ĶԲԣЦ
ΣԹ
ԣ㵣һʤݺңûΪ˵ûɣЦ
˿ԹǵĿȻˣĪԵΪ˰ԲŹݺģ
СӣƱ磡ԹЦͻȻ֣һɫĻǵصϯȥ
ɫһ䣬ȣ޿ˣֻ֣ܳһɫɳɫͷųһޱȡɫͺɫײһײһĴ俪
Ǿ㤣ȻܵסԹǵĹҪҵԹǿǰ벽ֻؾǿߡ
ֻаϵĵӲк֣㻹Ʊ𣿡ԹЦ
ɨˣаЦûҾǾа̵ˣҵõĹھֱܶǣкξ壿
ԹǺ֮ɫ˿ɱڳԼһʦĲ
ٺ٣μӵΣսЦ˶࣬һӮˡ
֮˵Ķʲôƨʲôз˶ࣿ
Եμӵɣ֮λһģòߣȻ
ã˲ΪȲʡ
ҶȻһ࣬ҲţԼԲа̵ˡҶһЦ
˱ȲʣһǾ䡰ҲһࡱͶʱ
Ҷ˵ĻԹǳĬƬ̲ſڣãʱ󣬿ʼһ
Цˣԭ󾳳ڵϢͻȻǵ˰벽ֻؾͣ
ɫԱ䣬ȻΪ
֮ǰûȫ棬һᾡȫǿɲҪ̫ҡЦɨҶͻˡ


532 粨
ͣа벽ֻؾΪ츳ѾԱȼʥ˴ΪƳʲôҩ˭Ҳ²ⲻǿԿ϶ǣƷԲ͡
ˣҶҲη塣
ʱܿ͹ȵ̨ҶͻҲ׷׵̨
ⳡѾͨĵɺ;а֮Ľ档
ɨҶˣаЦҪƵĵҩʥ굤
Ҷͻͬʱɫ䣬ԹǺ֮˵ɫҲ
ʲôʥ굤ĽСĪͬʱŹȻ
ʥ굤һƷҩȻ͵ֵҩ֮󣬿˲ɱ䣬ֵҩļֵƷҩֵҩǳƣΪֵҩˣӵưɫҩʵ
ĽСĪһ
ɫҩֻԹǺͻȣЩʦƳȻֵȻʥ굤˵Ҳӵưɫҩʵ
ǵҲδÿζƳɫҩȻֳʥ굤ʵš
СӻǿһЩЦ
ߣҵҪƣʱǲƳʥ굤вЦ
ʥ굤Ҷ崫ϲˣʵûбʥ굤ƵƷҩ
УڵˮƽҪƳʥ굤ǳǿοֵҩϲ˴
ûʲô취ĳɹʣҶʡ
ѧѾ޼½ģѾΪɳɹʡϲ˴ҪٴɹʣѾܴô֡
Ҳ˵ǰȷʵа취Ҷϲ
Ҳʥ굤ȲڵȻͷ뵤ҩСϲ˴˵ںϵҩʱͷʱʱһ㡣
Ҷ˵ͷȡҩģ濪ʼд
ͬʱҲʼˣΪһֱԼѡҪƵĵҩԣԹǵˣҲѴӻ˴ҩĿҪƵʲôҩ
ҪʤƵĵҩԲܱʥ굤Թɫ
Ҫҩʤ̫ˣǡ˭Ƴɫҩ֮˵
ɫίҡҡͷԹҲƲɫҩοǻҶˣ
ƳɫҩˣֻϵȣԼʥЩϹȻаӦҲʦ
ǻǰŮģδʤ֮˵
˵ǣΪϾԶԶʦȻǿǱϾЩӰģǵ˻ּʦΪĲ࣬еʱȫԾĳɰܡ
ѾʼˡԹ˵
֮ȫ˹ȥȻѾҩķ¯Уʼ
Ȼ¡һ촫˿Ũ̳𣬾Ȼʦĵ¯ըˡ
Ѧ֮ɫһ䣬ը¯˾ȻѦ
ѦҡͷЦ벫һӮضѾȫʧȥˡͷʼѾˡ
ը¯¼ûӰ쵽ҶˣȻȫעƵҩҲʼͬʱ͹а˽Ҳʼ
ڳʦ˭սʤ
ܿ죬ȽĲƵʥ굤ٶȴ˿
һ֮Ȼտս촽ҲĲ
һǰûҲ䣡ҲĲ
˳ҶȥֻҶȻƵûκνȸС
治֪һţѾˡ˰롣
ʱȻЦҵʥ굤Ѿˣǻû𣿡
˾ɫ䡣
սͫһȻѾƳɹˡ
ÿ죡Ҷɫ΢䡣
¯ɡԹ
һЦ˵¯ɫâſҫ֮
Ȼǰɫҩ޲𾪡
ڣ¯еİɫâЦ룬Ѿˡ˵ţԼĵҩȡָһâ뵵ĵҩɵԹҰǰ
Թǽסҩòſ˵ȷʵʥ굤
û˵ܾĿ¡
գԹǻڣδƾʲôԱߵŰɡ
ҾĿԴ˭ĵҩʥ굤áһЦֿŻˡ
Цʼɵ
ս͹аͬʼ
䣡
һ죬ĵ¯ըˣȻһը¯ˡ
ʵһ
䣡䣡
͹аҲը¯ˣ˻ͷĴŨ̴˳ɫǳѿ
ٺ٣ɵʦ𣿡Ц
սЦˣ
˴ϲ׷׿ս졣
սεףҵ˼˵ҳɵʧˣƷҩȻôģȻǰɹһΣٺ١
˰Ρ
Թǵε̾˿
ٺ٣˵ѾˡЦ
ҵĵҩûпƾʲôЦ
˿ȥȻѾĲ
¯ǣҫ۵Ĺâʱ¯ͷų
һɫɫɫ
âɫʱ˾¶ϲɫǽţ˵ЦݺȻˡ
âͣɫҲ˵ֻƳɫҩǻƵƷҩ򣬻ʤ
ѵѾʤ
ԼҲ¶ʧ֮ɫ
ʱԹǺ֮ȻҶȥһлᣡ
ҲҶ壬ûҶ츳Ҳǿлʤ


533 ج
Ҷʥ굤õĵҩ𣿡롣
Ҷ壬ЦڣӮҲڶ
ǿδأ
Ҷ̧ͷЦ
𣿡˴ϲ
ƾƵĵҩҲӮңЦЦ
Ļô֪Ӯ㣿ҶѾַ˷ħĸϣ׼򿪸ӡ
Ȼʱһ˷ɱֵܣҪʬΣ
˾ɵĿŲԶĸ߿գֻӿһٳɫ̽ͷҶ塣Ҷɫ䣬˳÷ħǰ
ˣһ죬ɫײڷħϣҶߵķݣɳ˺üɣˤڵϡ
ԹǺ֮ʮίͬʱŭȣȫ֣ʮͬĻͬʱϯɫ߶ȥ˲Ͱɫ
ವһɫߴһ˳ѾյƤ
࣬ȻҶԱ֣ɫŭȡ
ߣһѣǿӣʮǰϷն㣬ȻϵҰһϵĳţһִޱȵɫ׵ɫϡ
ɫߵĩò
ϵȵĹˣɫ䣬ϵȵĹ֮⣬˭ɱɫߣ
Ҫ֪ɫ߿޹ȵ벽ֻؾ֮һ
ɫ߱˺ȻҶ壬׷׳Ҷ嵹ɳȥķȥҶӵûˡ
˲˿ǽţ˵ɫȻֱˣҩ
ղҶĵ¯ɫߵһ¯ĵҩ
Թǵ̾һֻ벽ֻؾе¯¯ĵҩԲܻ
Цˣڿ˰ɣ
ԹǳĬˡ
ҲĬˡ
ȻҶȻһЦ˷ħĸӣŵâͷųȡ
ɫҩ𾪡
ôܣɫҲˡ
ƵҲʥ굤ȴоɫâҶһķħһŰɫĵҩӷħзɳâ䡣
Ȼʥ굤˴ϲҶȻƳ˾ɫʥ굤
㻹ʲô˵ԹǵĿ
ٺ٣Ҵˣ֪ҸƷҩЦ
ߣϧѾûлˣ
ԹǺ֮ȫΧɱ
ЦͻȻȡöӰǰֲѹϯֱӰԹǵʮ
ЩԪ߸ܲסѹ˵ϡ
ͻȻֵˣһ˾Ȼа̵ϣˣһĿ࣬ףͺһͷͻһһˣһѪɫۣһѪɫħơ
ϣѪˣԹǿкɫħƵˣɫһ䡣
ڻ˿ǸĿĴ󺺣ɫҲˡ
ˣȻϡϡϵķ
ѪϹץסһѪɫ򣬴𣬹ڻ
ȻϵȣͲˡ׵ܲѪˡ
ٺ٣ƾ㻹סˡһЦץµ׵磬ָŷǴ̣ɫ׵硣
춯صײ쳹
䣡һֻѩִϵȶץ˹
õϼһɫһ䣬Ѫ˵ߣҺڻϺ󣡡
ѪһЦһֻֻѪɫ𣬰ţѪɫȥ
䣡Ѫ˸ߣڻͺ;õϵȶűѩţϵȹ֣׵磬ɱڻ
ڻδüߣͱ׵УǱϾֻһѣǾϵȹĶ֣
ؼƮѩ˺ܾòŻָƽ
ԹɨˣտҶ壬Ц˵ӮҶ幦ûΪһĵ֮
û˵ΪʵҶѾƳ˾ɫҩǻ˵ʲô
ɫĵɶСӾȻ˵
Ҷ壬Ǵ˴εĽԹһЦһӣһǬҶ塣
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ȻԹǣԭóһΪ˴εĽ
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ٺ٣޳Ϸ˵ٿҲ첻ϷѪѪЦٴμѪն˰޳
ֻҪɱ˰޳ҶͼӳģûҶͼ⣬һɱ޳
ۿѪն˹ҶЦһüһַɳײѪ֮ϣ𻨷ɽ
ţҶֺּˮ֣ѹѪ棬¹ǧˮк
ԴԴϵҺԪעֺˮֵУֺˮֵʱ޿̲ά۷塣
޳׼ᣬ˫յնѪ棬ϯ˷
ߣѪһһѪɫƿնһѪɫߡ
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˷
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޳߶֮Ҷͼߡ
ȻʱһЦȻصؼ䣺Ҷ壬Ȼݲ㣬Ҿа̺ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷһǰһںУĦ쳹ͣɢȥ˳Ҷǰ
ˣȻа̵ھšʮϣѻ˺ʬˣ
Ϊħһ˳ԲŹģû뵽ȴ㡣ʬ˿Ҷ壬ЦȻ¥ʥݲ㣬βǼҾа̣
ٺ٣Ѿʥ񽫣а̣ļа̣ʥɾԲѪЦ
ٺ٣ֻҪϼҾа̣ҾаȻΪ鷳ѻЦѪȻǿҾаȴûǷ


543 
ٺ٣аûʥ˷Ϊβ̤ƽư£Ѫ漥Ц
ˡʬЦò˶ͻῴ¶Ҿа̵ĵ̣
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ô˵ǲϼҽˣѻ˹Ц
ǾԺĵӣҶЦ
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ԺʬЦȻѾǾԺˣǾͱˣ
ವһʬͻȻ֣һɫҶ壡
޳ӵҶǰһն֮ϣ𻨷ɽ顣
޳ҾаԵĺʬЦ
ĳ˱ǹ¼ҹˣԸĳ˵Ļǡ޳ЦҿҪǣֻؾ˥µΪ׷ϰĳ
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Ⲣ󣬾аȷʵֵ̡
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£ץסҶ壬ٺ٣СӵһÿԸЩϼһᣡʬ˹Ц
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СģҶ崫֪۰޳ߵĻѡ
ߣ⣡Ҷ忴żɫ
˵ͷ
ಣಣ˳Զƿշߡ
ȻǸշɳûԶպȻܲƺܿ۳һž
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δɻ֮Ѿ˷ϯҶͼ⡣ҶͻȻ˼ǰɵ֣֮ͷųɫĻһ㡣
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Ҷ̧ͷһһɽȭͷ廯ɢȥʱȭͷͻȻͣԵȭ磬ҶͼúʮȫʹѣҪǳȭ֣֮Ҷͼ¡
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ٺ٣ǸˣҽһʲôԵģа޳ܵЦ
ƾֱ壬Ҳõɱˡ
⼧ȻħһˣҶɫ䣬а̵ϣѵа̺ħһʲôϵɣ


544 
ޣʲôǲһȺ壡аȻżһˮȳζ̱ǡ
ҶͷƤ飬æż⵹˵Զ
Ӱ壡æŭһ
ˮħһģȻаЦ
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֣ݣȻС֣ö𣿡
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ʱѾɱǧ֮⣬֮ݲӿݣ˺ѿһ޴ѷ졣

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ͻȻֱɻ֮۳һǧߵħӰħӰȻſ˫ĿѪͷųȥ
̤Ĳ֣¾Ȼн˸һ˵֮⣬ٶ֮죬˼Ѫ˴ء
ǡľڣҶ忴ʩչԺһ뵽˰Ž˽׾Žڰ˽
ҶͻȻ˽׾Žеĵڰ˽ʱֱħӰ̧ͷԶĽٴͷųѪ⣬Ƴգֱƽȥ


547 ֮
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550 Ѫ֡ʯ
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٣Ӧ֪ǧǰ޼½ϷɣƺȻ䳤٣ڡ
䳤һ㶣漴˵ͷ
ǰǧǰʲô£ѵǸʯʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
ǧǰħһսϰٸ壬սʮͣ˵
޺۹ӵ˵ıûʲô仯Ȼ֪ʷˣֻҶԾӡ
ǳսУħ嶼˲ء˵׵壬࣬ʵҲӴ˴ǰھа̵ЩħһˣҲ˲٣ʵͬǰ
ħһ塭а̡ҶĿһа̾Ȼħһ崴ġ
ĸּŰħǿ߻ɱӡǧϢ彥׳󣬼ǾаҲòѡݱܷâ˵


552 ֮ս
ǳħһ֮սħһ˳Ϊ֮ս˵ħһ޼½壬ħһǿ࣬ͼ壬Ҳǳ˵ζѡ
Ҷк𺳣û뵽ǧǰȻһ֮ս
ǧǰǿ߱ʮλǰѾ컯ǵĻҲԿħһ塣˵
ʮλǰȫΪ˶Ըħһħսˡ˵ǵлļˣҲѾ֪ա
ɫ䣬ĪǡǸʯ˾һλǰ
ƿ䳤٣ʵ٣㻹ǵʮλǰУмλҾԺ𣿡
䳤ٵ˵ͷҾԺ湲λ
˽һ޺۹ӵҲ⣬ΪҲʮ־ЩˡʮֵУԺռԺʵ֮ǿɴ˿ɼһߡ
ղųְǵˣһпܾλ浱еһλɫ
Ȼ
ɫԱ䡣
ֻǲ֪Ϊβϼǡ̾
Դ֮սҲûлعԺȻѾ֣ò˶þͻȥ䳤˵
Ըˡˣֵ֮սѾȥ˰ǧ꣬а̵ֿʼˣ˵ѾˡڲõĽǻͻ֮ᷢս
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ʥ
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𾪣ʥڵʱǿʢħһʱ򣬾ȻҲ·硣
տʼʱȷʵ·磬ʥִһ似Ϊʥط˷֮󣬶֣һ˿Խ˵ʵ˵Ϊطĳ֣ŰƣħһǿߡȻʤˣʥҲˡ
˵û˵ȥ
ĪǣʥѾҶһ
޺۹Ӻͽ̾ʥսˣһ֮սжң
ԭǼһѾˡаЩ˸С
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ǰĳҲԸ⾡һЦ
ʶ壬Ҳܰæ޺۹һЦ
˼ʥ򶫱һ壬ҲֻؾߣĳǾʶ˵
ЦãаԽԽˣ䣬ھͷͷȥ壡㲻ܺǽˣҲԲǺ;а̽ˡ
˷׷׵ͷ
£˲ٵ飬ȥ
ƱҶһߣҶȴûиһߣ˵ҪȥĴһЩԹ
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˿̵ѪѾʩչطסѾҶġ˭Ҳ뵽ѪһߵĻ
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峤أ½ڳһ
峤ѾͶаˣҶЦ
ߣ˵˵峤Ͷа̣һ½ҵĳߡ
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Ҷ忴½ϣЦҼȻ½ңһһҲû𣿡
½ɫ΢䡣
½ϣһƣ˵ɱĲΪˣ죬½˷ҲȲ㣡ҶЦ
½ЦһͻȻҶ塣
ȻһѪն½ϵš
Ѫ棡
½ɫ䣬æˣһѪնϡ
һ½ϵɳȥųһ˿ڣɼǣѪֹ
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ţҶȡһͭףľһ½ϵʬ壬½ϵʬʱ˹ײ֮С
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⣬аЦһһ䣬½ҵĳȫ
Ҷ߳½ҳϵʬ嶼װͭס
ܶˡû˿


ھž ս


553 ǰϦ
½֮Ҷͼ˳ŷбų̼֮طȥ
Ҷ˸ϵ̼صʱ򣬳̼ѾһƬ棬ʬҰ
ʲôˣҶɫ䡣
䳤ٺѪҲ΢΢һ˭˳̼ң̼ңֻؾ֮⣬˺Īǳ̼ҵĳѰ𲻳ɣ
Īǣ̼һ˲ɣҶüսѾаɱǳ̼ҵĳ˳ûԸ̼Ҳ˵
Ȼ̼ǾȥҺˡ˵
ٺ٣²˳٣Ͼ߰ɡ䳤ٺڵЦ
£һֳŷбȥҡҶصɲǣȫɫ䣬ҲһƬ棬˶ѾɱʬҰ
սµĿϢ
ǰֻؾｻ֡䳤Ŀһ
һӦѪɫ
ٺ٣ʱ䣬СҲӦðӵķӡƿˡаЦϧܲˣճǿС
ҶɨܣüĪѾˣѾҵץˣ
Һͳ̼ͬʱѵżȻ𣿡
Ҷɫ΢䣬ھȥң
ֳ֮ȥ
أ˿ٸΧ¡¡ľ˷ܶҵѾɱز඼Ѿ˷棬ʣµʮƴֵ
Χҵٸˣÿ˶ͷǣϷͫĸߴ󣬳죬ࡣЩÿ˵ΪΪ͵ҲǻԪԲ
ҸûеǣΪʲôҪϾɱŭȡ
ΪҪõ¥ʥ򣬱¥ʥϵһϢǿǿЦΪȻ൱㲻ҵĶ֣Ͷɣһһ
ҪĳͶ㻹䣡Ц
ʵ㣬ڳ̼ҺҹҲѾˣִԲĻ³һǿЦ
ɫ䣬ǾȻҴٽɣѵͲʥԸ𣿡
Ǻǣ̫ˣ¥ʥɵʱ򣬼ʥҲѾ޼¡ǿЦοò˶ã¶ңʥ˼ôࣿ
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ЦһͻȻ֣һìɱǿߡ
ǿһȭڳì֮ϣ˵һԱú˼ìϲ
ǿʤ׷ʱһҷбԶ۶ǰ
ǿ߿ŷбϵˣɫ䡣
бϵģҶˣ䳤ٺаǸֻؾǿߣҲѹǿ߻ֱ顣
Ҷ壡ƼҶ壬ɫһ䡣
Ҷ忴ǿߣʵΪʲôҪĴ壿
ǿû˵ˣתƿշߣȻߡ
ߣаһͻȻһģǿƺһһڵء
챻ˣЩԭΧ˵˾ɫ䣬׷ͣ
ǾΪʲôҪĴ壿䳤ٺȻʵ
ǸǿߴӵҶˣаЦٺ٣ò˶ã彫޼½ϳ˵ͻȻһöӿİ
Ҷɫһ䣬ֹѾˡ
Ȼ䳤ɫ䣬ѵЩѾ;а̽ˣаѾʼ壿
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ãϷѪţѪſ϶סĽѪȻɫ䡣
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ƼѶ
Ҷɫ΢䣬û뵽ѪžȻһϸȥҶڡ
ݵĳԾЦˣѪѾԼġԼֺαȥƽϻƼѶǲѪŵˣοƼѶΪߣܺԼ
ҡҡͷٶ룬תԣЦԣ벻һɣ
;аѾͿʼ壬ڶҶ֣ڰǣǿЦҿΪֵ;а̣ڲܶң
Ը壬һ࣬ûһҲ١ҶЦһа˵ɱ
ٺ٣ֻؾߵľѪ˵ĲƷаһЦͻȻʧԭأٳֵɲǣȻѾǰ
ɫ䣬æˣѾˣаͻȻ³ѪѪһŴ죬˶ȥ
ɱ֮Ҷ䳤˵㲻øңھͻȥ﷢¸ǰɣ
ٺ٣СһߣֻҪϴʮΧӦö¡䳤һЦֿż⣬˵أ
˵ţѾһƿշߡ
ȻһöԶҶ壬Ҷֽס
䳤ٵԶµĻһᴫѶ㣬ҲԴѶǡ
Ҳ߰ɣ
Ҷ򣬴߶бȫٸϻشҶڡ
Ҷڡ
䡭
˿ٸֹ򽣶ڣЩ˸߰ɣ
Ϊ׵ľˣȻǵھѨ׷ɱҶľˣ⣬⻹󾳵ľˡ
Ҷڵǿ߻϶Ҷ뿪ˣ˿̸ûܶԸЩˡ
СɾȻҲǿķ󡣡һ󾳾üͷ
ǿɲС˷ʱ䡣һ󾳾˵Ǹʮ˸֮ȫﶺʱ̫֮Щɣ
ȫ˶£Ǹ׷ɱҶľ˺Ȼڡ
ڹ򽣶ڵľǷ׷ƿ
ĸ󾳾ߵڴͬʱȭǰâ뵵Բڡ
¡ھ𶯣Ĳϴڴӿ


554 ´
ӰѾϾҪˣһ󾳾Ц
󾳾ȻЦٴγȭ򽣶ڡ
򽣶ڡ
Ӻ幵ȫۼɫء
ϣŵϾҪˣһԪĵӺȻڡ
˺ǿֻʱ䣬ȵһȽϳȵĵ˵
Ӹ˵¡һ촫
Ѿˣȷɳ˽
һƼһȺ˴ڴ˽
壡ҶڵĵſЩˣɫԱ䡣
û뵽ɾȻһߣһ󾳾Ц˵ˣӣڼǰѾͻƵ󾳡
󾳳ڶѣһȭͿɱһ󾳾˴Ц
ߣϷҪһȭɱϷ򡣡һ
֪󾳾Цһһȭӣ𶯡
üͷųͷ죬һͭսײھ˵ȭͷϡһһȭͭսԵȭ
סκ̧ͷžˣЦһȭѹϷΪû
˱ŭһԾӣһȭ£һȭʯ쾪ȭδӵĽѾ˵档
ϣҶڵĵǳ˹ȥͼӡ
ѾˣǵΪܿ˵ȭͷ
ۿӾҪһȭ࣬һӰͻȻǰӭž˵ȭͷһȭ˳ȥ
꣡
ͷ쳹ţǸ˵ɳȥһ׹֮⣬˿ȭͷָֻѾ
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ҶڵĵǴϲ
Щȴ𾪲ѣϾȻȲһࡣ
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ûв´ӦǾа̰ɣҶ建ڡ
ٺ٣СӣµûаѾʮˣµ嶼Ѿʼò˶ãؽ޼½ϳǿЦɵˣɾа̺峤ȥԸǶԸѾ´ࡣ
ôǱ˾а𣿡ҶЦˡ
ٺ٣а̵˵֮󣬾аֻҪʥطƽ֡ǿЦοаǿҲҳһֶԸǣһ㣬ǵȻǾԲΥԼ
ҶڵĵǿĻһа̾Ȼˣһ塣
ܲҲ֪ҶЦһҶĳԿ϶Ǿǣ˭Ҳ뿪Ҷڣ
ǶЦǸҶָľҲЦĸǿߣһҶڣ
Цһ󾳾˿׷ɱҶľˣЦīСӾͽˣ
ǷȥԸ˰ɡīһЦҶ壬޸Ҷ塣
ҶڵĵӲΪҶ嵣
˾ֻʵ𣿡ҶЦ󽣵֣ߴ󽣣ӭž޸˳ȥ
˷Ԫϯգ󽣵ʱâ¶
󽣶Ծ޸
޸綹һ㣬˲䱻룬ţ˳ն˾īϣ룬󽣸޷赲ְѾī˶롣
һī嵹ߣѪء
ȫţ
Ҷڵĵǳͣ⻹ǿǿΪ˲һȻһ룿
ǵϾǺȻ֮ɫ
ʱҶ̧ͷžǣҶĳ˵˭Ҳ뿪Ҷڣ
ߣ
һ󾳾˺Ȼתųڴȥˡ
Ҳ׷תߡ
ǾʱһߴӰȻס˳ڣߴӰȻаħһ޴ޱȣħһֱǸͯ
ٺ٣ȱ࣬ǿӵĸࡣаЦ
󾳾Ҳû룬æڵأˣ
˱Ҳ£аȻѪѪȫѪɢȥʱ򣬾ѾʧӰ١
󾳾˿־岻ѣæͷ
ٺ٣ǷģӼȻ˵Ҫ࣬ͲҪǵаЦ
˶˿
һĻҶڵĵǳɵˣʲôʱֶһǿߣ
ʱҶתӵˣɫаѾʼ壬һ򽣶첼һӾãԺΣյĻҶڵ˾ȫصã
а̼ȻѾҪ壬³Ҳáǳ¥ʥ֮ǻȥʥ򡣡ɫ
аֻǴһֲѣţ֪ͨȫµԸа̣а̺ЩҪԸ壬Բôɡ
˵Ҷ岻ٶԣŴҶڵ䳡ȥ˽
䳡Ҷ忪ʼôҲЭ
ʱҶڲúôʹ󣬲ڴ󸽽˲ٻͷʹ󣬴ҶڵĵǾͿʱǰá
Ҷ岼괫ʹʱеĴѶȻͷų˹â
Ҷȡһ飬ƵӰʱڰС
ϵãаѾˡ˵
ǰϾ͵Ҷɫ
ƵӰɢ


555 
ƵӰոʧ˵˾ͻص򽣶졣
ҶƽµĻˣ˶ġ
ǽǰȳ𣿡ʵ
ȥãٰľǡҶɫ
ɫ΢䣬֪ʲô¡
ʱҶѾõĴʹ󣬼Ҷ壬ѩ˵˽Ҳ˴ʹ
Ҷ忴ŲԶаɫҶھͽˣ
ٺ٣ģڣǼҲ˴ҶڡаЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ߶ʹವһ⻪Ҷ⻪ɢȥҶѾʧ
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Ҷ˳˾õ䳡ǵʱʥڡϵȺѪŵ˶Ѿ롣Ĵǲٳ֡
䳡ǰơ䳤١޺۹ӡȫڡ
Ҷ廹Ƽʥڵѩ࣡ѩǸ۵ߣϵȵ档Ѫ浱ȻҲѾˣܴѪŵ˳˵аδüѪų֡
Ҷ˴ȺߵƵߡ
ǰа̺ѾˡҶ˵
Ƶ˵ͷɫص˵û뵽ǵĶô졣
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Ҷɫ΢䣬ȻΪ֮¡
а̺Ѿʼɣ²˳٣ǱԲߡƵת䳤ʯš
ʯţͨսĴš
˽ƣʯš
ܿ죬˾ͳս
Ƶȴ·ԶȥʥѾѡ˽֮ء
ȻûãƾʹһǧɿĹ㳡֮ϣ㳡иԲμ̨˲ֹҶˣԶ˷½ȫȺӡ
ֻؾҶɫ΢䣬˷ˣȻвֻؾǿߴӡ
漴ȻˣȺֻؾǿȻ࣬ɼٵʲôطȥ
˼ʥˡҶ忴ԶĴҺɢ¥Ҳˡ
֣
ϵܣѾʮδˣ
ڵ˾ȻҲˡ
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ָʱ˷˿̹ǻȺۡ
µһ¶ѾˡȻ
˾Ժļ֮⣬ʥɻû˳֡˵
˶ൽˣǾͻˡЦ
˹غ᲻ѩ˺Ȼڡ
аѾˣֻԼǺѵֵסа̺ĽҶ
˵ʱв½ת˲֮䣬ԭȽϿտĹ㳡Ѿɽ˺ˣΪ඼֮ϣûߡ
ʱԽԽ٣Ѿû˸ڼ䣬ʦԺ컯šŵ˳Ϻ͵Ҳ̵
˭ҲûеϹ㳡Ǹ̨
ʱԶȻһȺˣ˹㳡ļ̨֮ϣ˹ʮһȫˣƱˡ
ȻҲһԾ˼̨ϣ̨ϵʮһվһ
ԭ۵˷׷ͣؼøⰲ
ټλԭλӦѾ֪˰ɡ˵ˣߵһµˣˣǾԺԺɣ
ԺʦԺԺûԣ˵ξϡ
аѾˣѾٽ˴ټϷҪɫû˵¸飬˵Ҫ˵ѾѶԸа̵ĶԲˡ
˵ȴԲߵʱһЦ֪Ӻδٺ٣ȻԸǣֱǲ
а̣
ɫ䡣
Բ˿㣬ȻĻĳ˾ͳȫ㣡
ʦԺԺȻЦüͷųͷ죬ݻһٳľɳײԶС
¡
һ죬ض𶯣ײշӿ֣оȻиӰ
еӰЦһͻȻָһ۳һԲײһ죬Բͬʱ䣬ʯڵһ쳹ͣ
ߣһߵķٴݻһյĻͼѹеӰ
еӰͷһߵķĻʮֻɳֱۣճȭͼ
䣡䣡
춯صײ쳹䣬âɣҫ֮߱ͷĿѣȥ
ͷٶĻʮѻƽ޽ն˷еӰ
еӰȭӭը쳹˷˺ѿضڲ
ͻȻ̧һץ۳һֻ֣˷еӰ
ǷеӰֵֵһȻƺһˣʧķĵС
Ŀȥֻ̨ϵչƣ۳ɵĴҲ֮չƣоȻһʺѪҺ罾
Ǹа̵ĸ־Ȼˣ
ɫ䡣
ʱɺȻЦþа̵Ļֻʴ𣿡
ٺ٣ɡò˶ãǶΪҾа̵ĽһЦص˶ߡ
Ǽɱ㣬ʤ֮䣬ǲɱ㣬ȥ߷ģа̣𣡡Ц
ٺ٣Ǿ͵ƣЦ˾˭ǵЦʧȻѾȥˡ
а̻֪а̾жٸҶ


556 ʮ
а̵Ļȥֳָֻ֮ƽ
ɿˣ˵Ըа̲̿ݻʮŸ񽫣ÿ񽫶ӦΪԸа̳һ
Ҷš
ʮŸ񽫣ÿ˴ٸԮȱ幥ɣȥѰЩδа̽˵壬޷ǽˣҲ˵ǲа̽ˣɫǿԸ񣿡
Ը⣡Ҷ˺ԥĿڡ
ãɽֵڶ£°˴ʥÿʥһˣԼСȺȫ뵽ˣȻͬԸа̺壡
ǣӦŵ
£ʥΪףһЩһΪΧ˾а̺ӵֻؾǿߵɫѣҲܷ񳹵а̵ĹؼϣǰйڵǰӣҪʱڧ
Щӵֻؾߵһʵ׷׵ͷԺĺˣ֪ô
ɵ˵ͷ˵ÿ񽫸ǶѾΪǰźãϣǲҪǵܲˣǿʵξͽˣ
ԺģһȫԸı֤
ãһЦһӣʮöɳ
ҶĿһһԾץסһöҲ׷׳֣Եõһö
õɲǣҶɨһ񽫣Ȼ񽫵пһˣ
ȻҲ񽫣Ҷɫ΢䣬ɻΪʲôҶڣ
Ȼ𣺡Ҷ磬ʲô
ԣҶüģʱϢÿ񽫸ԼЩɣЩȵȡ
ϼصϢҶѿݸ˼⡣
㸺¥ʥ֮أ壬ӵа벽ֻؾ峤Ҫ˵ǿ»ܶѡ˵
ҲҪȥҶ˵;а̽ˣȻɵӰСʮа̽أ
ʱ̨ϵֵ²˳٣λϰҸղ˵ȥֻҪܹŽᣬа̺ǿҲԲĶ֣
ԺǾ͸ˣ
ȥȴûߣΪǻѡҪ񽫡
Ժս죬˭ԸĳսȻ
ս죡
Ķˣ׷׳սȥ
ʦԺҲ֡
׷׳£
ţҲ׷׿˵ԼݣҲǡ
λԸҶĳĻҶĳһֵ֮ҶЦ
Ҷ壬˾ǲǰѡεһҶ𣿡
ûҶ壡
ҶȻҲ񽫣ǱϾΪ̫ˡ
ûΪû½ĳߣ½ĳ棿
ٺ٣Ҷ彫ĳɾ;ԲͣҾˣ
һЩҶ塣
ת˲֮䣬ΪԼѡ񽫡
УˣսţЩѾΪ񽫵ǿߣβǰ캮ˡ
Ҷ˾Ȼٵģֻ˶ѣʮˣȫߡ񽫱ҶȷʵԵñȽϡᡱ
Ͱ캮˿Ҷ壬Ͼ¶˼֮ɫ
ҶûˣЦŶԸ˵ұ֤ңǾԲڵģ²˳٣Ǿͳɡ
£Ҷ˴ƿշߡ
ԶȥҶˣЦҶ𣿡
Цŵ˵ͷ磬Ҷ塣
˫֣ʣŽС˵ǾаͻȻ嶯֣ҺʹһԽ̵ò˶ãĳɾ;Բڳ֮¡
Ǻ£Ҳǻ¡̾
ǲԶҲԶȥҶ壬а̾޼޼ʮΣҲѾʦԺĵӣͶ뾫Ժ£
ʱĵȻڣλа̾ԲֻԸЩССɣǾãһʲô
ǲûʮİգԲֱӶԸʥ򡭡룬ǻǵʵʱȻųֶԸǡ
ѵǾֻ𣿡ŵüһ
ǲ֪а̾Щʲôƣԣʱڻ̽̽Ϊáĵ˵
㲻ܴٽа̣ҲһζıɳǱһЩȽǿ壬һЩѾ;а̽˵壡
˵ûЦŵ˵ͷ
ǿҲǳͬ
֮⣬ǻа̵һЩֶ棬ֻؾƹܵķֶ档ȻҪ忪սȻҪף岢ǰ
˶˵ͷ

ʱҶ˾뿪սŷб¥ʥ֮ضȥ
¥ʥ֮أɺ塣ɣֱ̫šڡǹš壬ֱǰ塢塢Գ塣
ڣаֻѾʼԸɣԣҶ˱ȥɡΣǻҪȥ˵ˡ
ȥ֮ˣֻҶһ񽫡
Ϊ˱֤ܹ˳ɣ񽫵񣬴󲿷صġȥ¥ʥ֮صˣ
ϣҪ˽𡣡Ҷ
Ҷֵܣȥ֮أ㰲ţȻһҶߣЦʵ
ҶһЦתˣȷʵЩ뷨


557 ̶
ǵУ˭˽⣿Ҷʵ
˳Ĭƺû˭˽⣬Ȼһ˳Цǰȥ¥ʥ֮أԳˡ
ҶһЦ˵˵
Գ峤ΪѾǰ벽ֻؾ˵Գ˶ǰ˰Գǳǿ׳ٺ٣ǴҺԳ˽֣ҪĶ֡
Գ˵ô𣿡һЩɡ
ȼԳǾ֪ǵˡЦЩһǳսҸƤǧҪ⣬ԿĿ϶ǡ
ٺ٣˼ҵҪȥԳˡǸЦ
أҶʵ
ˣҲȻڡ
Ҷ忴죬ԳΣ
ʵԳ塣˵ңܹٿ׵磬ӵϵֵҲδռ˱ˣ˱Գ˻ѶԸ
أҶɨˡ
Ȼ˵ڰУ˶õĻ棬ǴӵĵĻ𣬾˵ֵĻƳƷҩ
ҶĿһˣ˭֪̫šںǹţ
Σ˶ûпڣȻɲϤ
Ƿͷȥɣһа̵ڽɣȴѶǣǵ֮ٳҲ١Ҷɫ
ͷ
ǵʦ𣿡Ҷʵ
ǣһ˵
Ҳǣڡ
ãаûжֶԸ̫źǹţץʱǲô󣬹ͨãǿʱصáҶԸ
ã¥ʥ֮ء
ӳģһ쵽ͷ
²˳٣ھͷͷжҶɫʮзֳһȥ̫ţһȥǹţ
ǣϰҶԸȥܿǾ֯ˣŷбƿշˡ
Ŀ뿪Ҷ忴ߵ˵ھȥڣ
ǲԶǰһ˵ţ˴գԸٿطбǰڡ
ȻбδɳԶǰԭʼкȻһǧɳĺ̶ڶ𣬸ߴǧɡ
̶ƯŲ޵ʬ壬ʬѾᡣ
ÿµĺ˸
̶ѾںüǧˡȻڣ˵ǧǰǿڴ˽֣ԲŻ̶
ӳҪƵ𣿡һʵ
ҶЦңϾͻ˵ţȻԶĺ̶
һǱֹҶ壬ѾˣҶѾʵĺС
õģµġȻЦ
ûǲõģЩûáЦ
Ǿɡ

УҶת塱ţ˷ĺҶ
ԭҶ̶ϷΪպ塣
Ҷ建䣬˺̶С
̶еĺȺ̶֮ǿ󾳽ڵҲֵסЩ
ǲҶ³Խ³Խء
ԽأתɵĽԽǿ
Խ棬ҪĽԽ
˹һʱҶѾ߰ٽ٣
̶ĺ߰ٽپԲǼޡҶٴ³
Ҳ֪˶ãҶ巢Ѿ˰ٽٵʱȻѾ˺̶ײ
ڵУ졢ɭ䣬ûκ
ʱȥˡҶմȥһϸŵ֪Ӻδȡҡ
Ҷ屾ΪǴǽţǵִӺڰдȡҡ
̶ˣ
Ҷɫ䣬ԥҪҪȥ֮һ
ʥͼʲôΣգԽʥͼҶĿһ֮ȥ
ܿ죬Ҷ֮ǰһߵʯţʯиţ֫Ͳ˩ţһˣϵʯ֮ϡ
סˣӲߣǸʮһ꣬ϧѾˮݵķϣж͡
⣬סϵǱӳĺۼҲ֪˭µ֡
˭Ҷʵ
ȡҡȥرס˶϶˵
ΪʲôҪ㣿Ҷ˵
㡭ҡ͡㡭δ˵꣬ס˺Ȼ˵ˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ĪǴѾˣ
ԥƬ̣ͷųͷ̽鱻סˣֱסʵûֻ˻ԡ
Ⱦȥ˵ҶջǾˡ
ס˵Ҷľ֮ϣ𻨷ɽȻ
üӲҶɫ΢䣬ľ󽣵֣˴󽣡
ˢˢˢˢˢ
彣ͬʱնȫնϡ
ն֮Ҷץס˵ֱۣź̶Ϸȥ
ûãڴˮ˳漴ŷбڷ˳ȥ
ˣбϵ˿ҶϾ¶ϲɫ
һ̣ǵɫȻһ䣬ΪǿҶоȻץһˡ
ವһҶӵ˷бɣ˷˼װϡ
˾ɣʵ˭
ҶҡҡͷҲ֪˱̶ףҰ˳
ЩҶȻǱ˺̶ײ֮ɫǱ뺮̶׻ܰȻĳڵ


558 
ôˣȻڼװϵˡ
ȥˡҶ˵ڼûκԪѪҲ˥ܵķǳأҪȻҪòѪĵҩԪ
˺زʶǺαؾѩ˵ڡ
ҶһЦֻǺ棬˭ں̶֮£ʲôˡοҲûʲôʧ
˵ţҶüһ˲ͱʥͼС
ʥͼϲˣҶõľ˵⣬ֻҪϲ˾ˡ
֮Ҷٴ̣Ҷͷųסб˴Ӻ̶Ϸ˹ȥ
֪Ҷӵʮ֮һ˿ۼж𾪣ΪǷ֣İΧУûܵΪȴѹһС硣
һʱھڡ
ھѾĿ꣬ȻոһҵĴս
а̵Ѿڶˡɫ䡣
ȥڣҶǰȥǰ֮ء
Ҷ壬˽

λһɽУ滷ɽԵҶ˲ǰĺ̶ɽУϵĽ۴αȣơ
˿̣ڵ˶Ѿص˽ȺĹ㳡㳡Χʮĸߴγһ
Ѿݻһɫġ֣Ưڹ㳡ܡϷסڵˡ
֮⣬еˣЩѪɫᣬֳꪣÿ϶ű֮
ǡɲ塱ˡ
ɲݳªʵȴǳǿֻؾǿߣѪɲҲ׶༪١˿Χڵɲ嵱Уһ벽ֻؾǿߡ
Ѹɲİ벽ֻؾǿ࣬ɲ˸ǿ׳Ҳӱ壬ĿŷˣЦϼһƾ󣬻ס
ģƾҲƿֱǳ룡˵ǸߣֳֺͣɫȨȣ·ѾѪȾ졣
ˣڵ峤Ԫڡ
ٺ٣Ϊڵʱûϵһ𣿡ɲǿ߹ЦаרΪ׼õƾĪǻܵסа̵
а̣Ԫɫ䣬ǾȻ;аˣ
ٺ٣ѾͳƬ½̫ˣҲʱûһˡɲǿЦϲԵľ⣬Ůӵ⣬ٺ٣֮һҪúã
ЩڵŮɫʱò԰ޱȡ
ɲǿ߹ЦͻȻһףһööɫɳ˷֮ϡ
¡
ը˷Ũ󣬰ѷ
ŨɢȥɲǣȻѾʧӰ١
ڵȫɫ䣬ң
ɱ
ɲǿߴͷɱڵˣɲȳһǵء
ڵˣҲҪսԪŭȣһԾɱɲǿߡ
ɱڵĵŭȣɱɲˡ
һʱ䣬ҵײڶ
ڤ粻飡
ɲǿһ͵ĴԪڣ˺ѿ䡣
ԪڼȨȵֵһԪƺһĺˣѪ
ɲǿһԪڣһꪲ£
Ԫһ̾ѵҲҪ𣿡
ԪΪԼɵʱɲǿߺȻɫ䣬æתһꪲ

һ죬ɲǿߺ˼
Ԫһ̧ͷɲǿǰʱƼˣһһŮӣ꣬Ҷ壬ǸŮӣȻǼ⡣
С֣ȻһɲĴ£ɲǿȡ
ɲǿҶ壬һͫ׺Ȼ˱ɫɫĹâɲǿߣâ֮ɫĻƾճ֣ޱȡ
ߣɲǿߣſѪɫ棬ϯɫȥ
һͻײһ𻨡
⣬ԸҶһ絽ǰɵ֣֮ͷųϯɲǿ߶ȥ
ɲǿȻûҶ֮˷ٴſѪɫ档
Ѫɫ֮ײײһ
һ̣ɲǿͫһĻ汻֮ˣ
ԶԪڿһĻҲһɲǿ߽֣᲻֪ѪɫĿ£ǣ˿µĻ棬Ȼһɻˣ᲻
ɲǿ𾪵ʱҶͷųɲǿʱɲǿߵΪһС磬󾳴Բ
ʮɲǿ߾㤡
ˢ
ҶͻȻ˫˫նɱɲǿߡ
ɲǿ߼æˣͬʱꪵֵ
һ죬ɲǿƺһеַԶ
Ҷϵܣһѡ
ԶһЦͻȻһһѷɵС
ҵ֣ɵ
һеĵѾʧ
һ̣Ѿɲǿߵ֮ϣɲǿƵס˼ɵҪǣɵѾĺ
ÿһ
ЩһĻаΪȻֻȴӵкһսʵ
ʱҶ̤ɲ֮ӵɲǿǰһɲǿߵĺ
ڵ˺ͬʱɫ䣬ǸûпҶôɲǿǰġ
㡭㡭˭ɲǿ߶϶˵
Ҷ壡Ҷ嵭ڣγ˽
ɲǿߵĺѪһɲǿߵ
ӣɲɫ䣬æߡ
ӣʹ𣿡Цͷ׷ȥ
ڵ˴ϲ᲻ʶ


559 ݼСڣ
ȷʵˡҶЦ
лϷһݣԪڹҾ
ҶԪһѣɫа̺Ѿ֣Ϊ˷ֹа̵ҵðǲһ󣬿ʱصá
ԪڸлҶ壬ҶȻ²˳٣ھͿʼô󣡡
ǾСֵˣԪ˵
Ҷ붯ֲô󣬲ԶȻһӳǵ˴Ϣˡ
̫źǹŶ𣿡Ҷʵ
̫⵽Χǹû¡Χ̫ŵ˵Уа벽ֻؾߣ
ҶĬƬ̺˵ȥ̫ţ֮ҡ
Ǹɫ΢䣬Ҷߡƺûа벽ֻؾߡ
ҶüĽһɢȥϲ˳ǰ
ϲˣǸԪͬʱɫ䣬û뵽ҶϾȻпռ߾ȻΪǿˡ
ϲǰ̫ŵ¾ͰˡҶɫ
ǺǣͷĺˡϲЦЦ˵ˣ·ɡ
Ҳȥˡѩ˺Ȼڡ
ٺ٣ҲȥЦ
ҶЦСģ
ѩ˵˵ͷ
ϲ˺˸ȥ̫ȥ
漴Ҷ忪ʼڵ˲ͨõĴʹ
ʱҶڰѴʹúˡ
ԪҶͼߣЦҶСֵܣλϷȥһط
֪ҪȥʲôطҶЦʵ
ҶСֵܣǱ߱˵ˡԪһЦȴ·
Ҷͼ
ûãԪڴҶͼںɽ;Ҷ忴˲ٷͻԪڴ·󾳴ԲҲѴЩ
Ҷ壬ҲûʮİƵЩ󷨡
ڣһҶ忴һɫˮأˮֱֻдʮҡ
ǡҶɫ䡣
ԪڿҶ壬Цµأˮȫ޵ģң滹ʯܴ֮ǧ꣬Ϊء
Ҷɫ΢䡣
ҶСֵܾǣܲҶСֵܡԪ˵ڶĸӦرûв´ҶСֵܵӦѾɱΣϣܰҶСֵɱĴΡ
ҶҲ飬ȭл
ԪЦҶСֵܣҾͲˡ˵ţȥֻҶͼ⡣
Ҷ忴⣬ЦΪѾ󾳺ڣɱĻһܶɹĽ٣
һȥЦ
ͬʱУˮ棬Լꡣ

Ҷͼصʱ򣬻ĳСڵľ¥Уޱȣһ죬һСүȢޣϯԾ¥ڷǳ֡
ھ¥Ľ䴦һ۵ġͯڵϣܵĺžƣһζͯʱʱ̧ͷŴ輧̾ã
СôСͺȾƣ²ðɣһȰ
ͯ꣬û˵ҺȾƵʱүүûأ
ǸҲЦСС;ͻᴵţҽŶ󣿡
ͯü˰ſڣҲǲҾжˡ
ǺǡЦСֺ˵ˣһôԼֶǲã
ԱЦҿֻ²ʮɣ
ͯЦ˻һǧ꣬ҵһǲҾжꣿ
¥ڵ˶ͯͶĵĿ⣬˭еĺӣᴵţƤ
ˣǸСѾͷƯƯͯȻʵ
С֪ʲôƯ𣿡¥ڵ˶Ц
ٺ٣ûǵų󣬹ƾܽƯˡͯûûεЦ
Сӣ¥ڵȴֲ˼һӼƽϡ
ͯһЦִץ塣
Ȼ˽˾¥ֱźͯ˹ͬʱϥأݼСڣ
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ʲô£ȥ˵ͯͻȻߣַ˵ļϡ
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⡭˾㤣Ǽһ
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¥ݶ֮ϣƾճ֣Ǹոʧھ¥ڵĺͯˡ
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СڣҪһ
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ʵСڡ
ס˭˵ȥʲôӾ͸˭
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ӦáӦûˡǸԴ˿Ц
Ȼû˵ĻҾˣǵģòܰ׳һ٣ǾȻɨˣͯ
Сڣ˵ǰѾˡǸ΢˵
ðȥϹͳ𣿡ͯϲ
ˡ
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˵ţͯһƾʧ
һ̣ͯѾ뿪ʥ
ͬʱ¥ݶϣһۣҡͷ̾Ϣ
磬ô죿ʵ
ˣʦԺԺ
ǸԴˣʦԺԺ
ȻСڲԸֵĻǾͲҪǿˡ˵СڵԸˣ˵ܴ£ԲӲܵġ
йǰСڳ֣а壬ֱǳ룡Ц
֪λǰʲôطҪҲֵĻ



560 Գ
ڣء
ҶͼȻ֮ϡ
ȻҶ˫ۣ嫵ɢϯ˷Ѿɱɹˡ
ʱɽˡҶɱ֮ɽٳɹİ
ʥͼʥͼмȡҺ̬Ԫϸռɱ䣬̶٣
һҺ̬ԪʥͼҶĸϸϸʼͣɱ䡣
ڣϸռһҶĵͻȻ
ʼɽ٣Ѿɱ䣬ĳ֮ǰٶ˵ܲ㲻ʲô
ʱɹĶɹ˵٣ĵ٣ǧ
ûֹͣҺ̬ԪǼգϸռͻ䣬̶Ĵ١ñ֪ҶȻһԶɹģ٣˾Ի𾪵˵
ֹһʱҶϸٴɱ䣬ĴͻȻ
һεٷǳ£ԻᳬԽǧ
Ĵ٣Ҷʱɫü԰ףȻǧ󣡼ǰ˴ڶɵĴٵʱҲԶԶûдﵽǧ

Ҷ촽¶֮ɫɵ٣ﵽ󾳴Բ
ٴοʼҺ̬Ԫϸɱ䣬㹻Һ̬ԪõԪꡣ
һʱϸٴɱ䣬٣
εٷǳֲɽٳɹʱѾѣҲˡĵ٣Ȼһ
Դʥʧ֮û䣬ѾûܾһҶǵһ
Ҷ忪ɵ֣Һ̬Ԫûãԭ԰׵ɫ¶˼Ѫɫ
תͷż⣬ȻҺ
ԡѾɱˣڶɽ٣Ҷɫ䡣
Ȼڶɵ٣һɽٳɹͻ󾳴Բıǳʹ࣬ٵĥ
⣬һҪͦȥҶɫأ٣˸޷ֻ֣ܸżֻṩҺ̬Ԫ
һʥͼеҺ̬ԪѼ˵ĶЩҺ̬Ԫԭ԰׵ɫڽתá
Ȼ亹ֱ̧ץסʲôҶæֹȥץס˼ָ֣ƽ
⻺˫ۣһ۾ͿҶ壬Цû¡
ڻָһԪǴٳȥҲ١ҶЦ
Цŵ˵ͷĿ˹ָԪ
ʱҶͼ뿪ء
ԪھҶ壬ҶͼЦϲλ
ҶһЦʵڵĵӶѾ׵𣿡
Ԫڵͷ˵ˣЩȥĵӣϷѾˡ
;а֣ҲҪ֣ǣûǸǵĶ֡Ҷɫ
ҶСֵܷģѾѡ˲ΪϵĵȥðˡԪ˵
ҶʣڳʱȥԳĵ̣
ҶСֵȥЩԳԪɫ΢䡣
û˴¥ʥ֮أ˰֮⣬£ˡҶɫÿһ壬˵ǿһʵ
ҶСֵܣԳ뺷£ǣ²Ǽ׵¡ԪȻ
ѣҲҪȥԿҶһЦ
ҶСֵܣϷһ˰ɡԪ˵
ҶҡҡͷҲ֣Ϊá
Ԫ˵ҶСֵܣԳֻǿߣȥԳǶ֮ǧҪǾ
ҶĿһЦ֪ôˡ
ԳﴦҶСֵܣСģ
ˣСˣ

£Ҷͼ뿪ڣԳ֮ȥ
ԳλɽУ죬ĵϢ
ҶͼУ֡
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ȻһԳ
ԳҶͼһۣź۶ȥ
࣬ǲýԳĵ̣
ȻҶǰһ˰ԳקŴһɸߵĴ£һȭҶ壡
󾳺ڣҶĿһһȭӭȥ
䣡
ȭཻǸԳǿƺһɳȥأŵŵź֮סΡ
ಡ
˷ӳһߴӰҶͼΧȻȫԳˡ
ţԳԶ˳ǱҶһȭ˵ԳǿߣԳȻȫ󾳵Ϊ
һˣͽϳֳ޹ƳɵĳϢѾԽ󾳴Բ
벽ֻءӦԳ峤Ҷһ
󾳴ԲԳ峤ҶˣЦ󾳴Բ࣬ȻҲҴԳأ
ˣֻҶĳˣҲֻԳأҶЦ
࣡һͬΪ󾳴ԲԳǿЦ˭Ҳ߳Գأ峤˵Ѫ⣬˵лͻƵֻؾ
Ҷ߳ȭ֮ڣܴӮ㣬ӽҵӣ
Գ˶Ц
Ǹ󾳴ԲԳǿЦСӣԳ㱨Ӳɱ֮
Ҷ壡ҶЦҲ֮ӣ
ߣ࣡Գһ̤һȭҶ壬ȭ˺ѿ
Ҷ޾壬ת壬һȭӭȥ

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561 
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ԳЦȫͣǣһȭӭȥ

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ҿԵϢһٳ֡ҶЦ
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Գ϶˵ͷ˳ȥҶ˵һΣȻֻȭĻ»䣡
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ҶҡҡͷЦԳ峤ʵˣҶĳȻֻһȭ£ҶĳҲ˵
Գ峤ĿһЦ࣬ԳصĿľʲô
аѾˣԳˡҶɫ
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Ҷͷ
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Գ峤ĬƬ̧̣ͷҶ壬˵ҲˣԳа֮ĶԹ
аѾˣֻ뵱ԹߣǱӮˣǶõκκôҶ˵Գǿ󣬾ͱһѡ´ңһΣҲһλᣡ
Գ䲻𣡡Գ峤̾
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ԳǳĬˡ
ҶĿһתͷż⣬˵⣬߰ɡ
˵ͷ
תȥ
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Գ˵ͷת֡
Ҷͼ⳯ȥ

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ˣҶͼɫ䡣
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Ҷͼһۡڣ帮ȫĵϵλܸߣ嶼Ҫ帮
帮ڣҶͼⰲ᷿ڣȻ峤䣬Ҷ¸峤
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һŮŮͼı죬Ůǵݡıί
ȥΪҵа̵ˣȻа̺ȻѾа̵ɱˣǻθǺڤɱ˾а̵ˣȻǻѵ㲻֪аں忪ս𣿡
ŮΪǾҾİǵѣɫа̵ĵ֮ǰ˵а̵ǿ߻ǱŮ֮԰˴ʵȰƷа̵ǿˣǾͰǽа̵ˡ
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˵ţѾƿ˳ȥɻĸ˳ȥ


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ҶܳԾû뵽ػӣ󣬰ӦǾסڵصܶвŶԡ


563 
峤ͥǣǸɡǸǿߴҶ峯ԶһֱɵġɹŰȥ
ͥҶɨܣͥݻŽбƳɵĵ̺̺޹ǴɵŰ˰ǿߣ̺ǰһݲϵİ֮ϡ
峤ǾǸղ˵ˡҶİ˹Ķϵİ˵
ϵİˣǰ峤
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ҶЦ֪֪֪а̺ͲѾˣ˿Ѿ忪ս
ʲô;а̾Ȼսˣȫɫ䡣
峤ɫ΢䣬Сֵܣ˵أĪǡ
û˴أʵܾԺԺУ밫ˡҶ˵
ԺԺһû뵽ԺԺȻ֪ǰ塣
Ҫ֪ɾԲʲô塣ݵĳԾ󣬰ǰ˷û뵽ԺԺҲ֪ǰ塣
峤ûôúŪЦа̺忪սǰȫ⡣ǸûбҪⳡս
˵ûⳡսĻȷʵ鷳Ҷ廰һתЦûа̣Ϊ˵һԱõʲôô
˾а̣ôҲȫʥˣֵǰ壿峤Ц
ûǰ岢ʲô壬ʱ򣬺ôˣֵǡఫ˵˵ͷǷǳͬ峤Ŀ
λ²֪֮ǰԺ˼Ҷ˵Ŀϼˣа֮󣬰˿Խ뾫ԺУԺ似λܵõԺʶ˵ҶЦЦûм˵ȥ
ԣĶˣԺʥ֮һ᲻Լ˽ȥУ
峤ĬƬ̣ЦҶ壺δСֵܸմ
񽫣Ҷ壡ҶЦ
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Ҷ屧ȭţλǡ˵ţѾת߳ͥ
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ܵһֻؾǿߣͿԳΪ¥ʥĴˡ
ҷԼˣ
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ΪʲôҪð񽫣ʲôô峤ü
Ϊʲôð񽫣͵Լˡ
峤ǻ᲻Ϊǵһ˺Ȼ˵
ɫ΢䣬Щ˲ѵΪ
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ǣ˳ȥ
ܿ죬ҶͼƿĻͥ
Ѿ𣿡ҶЦ
ˡ峤ЦҶСֵܣи㣬ϣʵشҡ
ʣֻҪҶĳܻشģҶĳһ֪޲ԡҶЦ
ðǣʲôĿģ峤
Ҷͼɫ΢䡣
ݵĳԾҶЦҶĳ񽫣αؼð
ߣ񽫣ΪλᱻϳЦ
ҶҲŭŰӣЦ֪ǡ
˰ӣңðҰأʲôĿģǲΪ˵
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˲𣿡⵭
ߣѵҪǶ֣ǲſ˵ʵ𣿡һ󾳰Ц
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壬Ҿ֤ݣ
Ȼһදͥ⴫
Ҷɫ΢䡣


564 
һŮͥ
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û뵽ȻҵҡײƭЦ
ҶĿһЦԭһжĹ
ڣȻɲϡЦ
峤ð񽫣϶ͼıǾԲ׷ǣ
࣬㻹ûʲô˵峤Ҷ塣
֮λ˸ð䣿ҶЦҶĳԴѶ֤Ҷĳݣ峤ΪΣ
ߣߵ²ǴѶǴѶͬɣ
ҶĿŰӣҶĳ뿪ƾסҶĳ𣿡
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壬˹ƶˣǧܸѶĻᣡ˵Ȼ壬Ȼٻ밫壬ʲôɸ˵ܣ
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󾳰˴ӰһԾҶͼ⡣
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ߣڤһ׹磬ͥڶ磬ǧͬʱȥ
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ҶһЦڤ֪Ҫʲô
㲻䵱񽫣ڤ
ô˵Ҵȥ֮λҶЦ
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565 
ǡ峤ıǳ
Цԭ㻹ûӣ
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峤ɫ䣬ڣĪǡ
ɨһ۰峤ֿڤûϷ֮ʧô꣬ȫƥͣ
죬Ѫˣڤȡ
ѪˣЦ˵һ֪ҰԭȻһģֳֻ֡Ϊ˵õҰ͵Ϯңûеõҵǰ˺̶֮£ÿһʱͻһΡ
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ЦЩˣȫױµģСӣ˵𣿡
ڤɫ䣬޻˵ΪЩȷʵµģҲȷʵ֪汻˺̶档
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ûڤ
ߣȻѾʧˣҵĳֻϱˣЦһ԰峤˵֣
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ڤɫ䣬æˣַɲǣҶȻŻΪ˲һС磬󾳴Բ
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Ҫɱĥһ꣬ҲҪĥĺһ꣡Ц
ʱȻתߣȻĸ׶һߡ
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˵ʵŹ𣿡ڤЦ
ҶЦ㲻˵ʵ˵ʵĻһʹһЩ
ٺ٣Ϊɱ˾а̵ˣҰ㽻ǣһа̣ھа̵ĵλԲ͡ڤЦ
ʱȻʵʲôط
ٺ٣ΪʲôҪ㣿ڤЦ
ѡ𣿡ЦҲΪˣ㲻Ļһץһǰɱ
ҶһҲʲô򵥵Ľɫ
ٺ٣ûң˳ɱϺ϶һġڤаЦ
㲻ŮҲ¡ҶһЦűħˮסʵʲôط
˵Ź𣿡еʵ
Ҳɱ㡭Ҷ˵
أں̶µһ棡˵
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˵ͷ
Ҷһ٣סīɫҶľľһĽ֮СľͼⲢƿշߡ
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ǣ棡峤
棬ҪǸ𣿡һǿߺȻڡ
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ӵпռôǿĸԸΪ츳ôעͨˡˣ˵лΪһ壡
棬ɲ԰ҴãӺȻڰǰڴĿŰ档
ٺ٣ƥĺΪС檣ҲȤЦԴߣֻܵС檣ұϵΪ𣿡
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566 ָ
ʱҶͼϵ˺̶ͬʱǱ˺̶ܿ죬ǾǱǧĺ̶ףΧһƬڣˮ֮
ˮ̶Ҫҵʲôطѡ⴫Ҷ塣
ǷͷҡҶ崫
Цŵͷ˵ͷں̶Ѱ䡣
ûãҶں̶ײһ׵ĶѨڤ˵ں̶ײһʯڣѨпܾͨʯҵڡ
ವһҶ˶Ѩոս붴ѨУһЦʹӶѨСӣѾûˣһΪ㲻ˡ
Ҷɫ䣬Ѩˣ
һĹƷ̫ٵĻԲҩѨЦУҲӱߡ
Ҷת²ŶѨ֮˵ݡ
СӣŸʲôΪʲôѨЦ
ҶĿһʥͼǰ붴ѨûãǰȻʣһʯҳǰʯиߡ׼ȷ˵Ӧһߵ꣡
Ԫ񣡡Ҷɫ䣬ֻֻؾ߲۳ԼԪ񣬳䣬ǰ߾Ǹֻؾǿߡ
߿Ҷ壬ɫ΢䣬漴Цѹһֱ˵ԭ㲻Сӣٺ٣Ѿûˣû뵽Ȼ
ವһʧԭأӰһӵҶǰ
Ҷ߶ʥͼַɳײߣ¹к˷ˡ
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Ҷ߶ʥͼʥͼɳײʥͼϣûʥͼС
ʱǸߵֱѾᣬֱֻһϵĺʱ飬̧ͷҶ壬߹Цٺ٣û뵽ʥʥͼȻСϡ
Ǿа̵ˣҶ˵
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ٺ٣Сӣ㱾ֻа벽ֻؾʵԸҲ´ࡣаЦԪȻθߣһʮɸߵľ޴Ԫ񣬴󲽳Ҷ塣
ҶЦɵ֣֮ϯ糱ˮϯ߶ȥ
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Ҷһϵ֮һϯߣ߸ûü߾ͱ֮
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Ҷ岻ٺ߾ʵ
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567 
Ҷߵָԣָǣָвһ
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ҶĿһľһѻն룬𻨷ɽͷֵĹҶ˭Ըҵģа𣿡
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ڵϵǾа̵һ
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죡
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ûзеĻͷȻʵȴǡԼ˴һԼҲʮɵİջڵҶ壬ͷˣе⡣
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ɫ΢䣬ˣ˭
һһˮҶ;ͷִˮӳͷֵһͷ­ϣ۾ȻϹˣѪֹ
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Ҷ׷˳ȥ
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ӦǺ֡ıĻǸİС˵ųʥ֮µһǿߣ޼½⣬ѾΪʥ
ʥŵĶ֣Σ󻹲ħϡļЦ
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569 Χ˼ƻ
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ᶫĽֵܣĹŴӡʨүЦƽ˵Уһٺ٣δɴʥֻȥа̳ԸħĴʥǸʥѾʥشɱϾǴʥȻɱˣ
Ҷ嶯ݡ
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Ҷ忴Ű棬Ц峤ֻҪϼ˾ˣ֮ǰĳŵ
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л֮лǰҶʥͼУϲˡ
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ЦڰѾˡ
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߰˳ɰաҶɽȥƽպٸ
ѩ˵ûиȥǸɲ塣


570 
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ֱӽȥĻضᴥɱ󡭡ƽռһʯͷɽȣʯͷУһ׵飬촷ۡ
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ͻƵֻؾϸϸҺ̬ԪԪ񣡳ޣԪ֮Ԫᷢɱ䣬ԪɱḶ́Ϊ˥
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574 
Ҷ֪ԼѪħ̥ͻƣϲˡħŮԺħˮɽ˳ħˮɵҲѪħ̥
ô˵УҶ²⣬ϣͻƵӦϲˡϲѾǰ벽ֻؾǿߣͻƵĻضܳΪҶһ
Ѫħ̥ʱҶɫ΢䣬ȡһöѶ飬䳤ٵӰǰ
¥ʥ򼫶֮ػɽһűа̺ΧѾƽȥΪԷһҲȥɡ䳤˵
Ҷͷаа̺ɵΧԽԽƵˣò˶ãа̹ƾͻᷢȫ
ĴƺҲԽˡ
ʱ䳤ٵӰʧ
ȫȫѪħ̥֪䳤ٴѶҶ¡ҶûдǣɳѪħ̥ڲ
ܿ죬ҶɳԨ˽ߣδ˵͵˵ͷȥɣҰǻ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷѶҶڵ֪ͨλȥɽϣȻͽǣȳŻɽ֮ȥ
ɽ¥ʥ򼫶֮һǧɽɽһԵõˡɽ֮
ɽһʮĽһ֮һ㲻ϴɣǵҲ󾳴Բѡ
˿̣а̺ΧһţаһΧһŵ壬Ϊ塱ȫĸߴǸǳǿ壬˵ֻؾǿߡ
һŻ֮ȻӵлϵǱϾǿ̫٣аǿߵĶ֡
˵ɽϣһ״󺺴ȵһŵţ
ĺһŵĵǷ׷ɽȥͬʱ༸һŵĳֵסа̺ĸ֡
ߣ֪һǿЦ
һջɽıӻһţǻʸ񣡡һתŻɽϷȥ༸һŵĳϽ
׷
а̺׷˻ɽ
ɽϣһŵ˾ȻȫһյϣǰһһߵʯڻУȻȣȴ޷ջʯ
ͷʯǰһŵ̹¡
а̺ǿ׷ɱˣһĻɲѣһŵʲô
һŻ˽٣ʯ
һŵҲ׷ײΰݡ
Ū飡аǿЦɱ
ɱ
а̺ȳһ㣬һŵˡ
һŵ˾ȻȫûжȻߵʯ
ԶĳطƽѾˣһĻɫһ䣬ȥʱʯͻȻһɿֲѹʯдЩһŵаͽȫ𣬲˵ûȥ
а̺ǿȻ



һŵ˴ϲٴߵݣšš
ʯ񡭡ƽȻһˡ
ƽתͷȥ˾ȻҶ壬ݵʵ֮ǰʯ񣿡
ƵġҲȷǰʯʯǲǳͬһ֮֡Ҷ˵
Ǹʯˣһŵ˽ƽ˵
Ҫ֪˭ֻһŵˡҶ˵ţ˳ȥƽս
а̺ǿƼҶƽգɫԱ䣺Ҷ壡
ɱѾа̺˵ȻϵóҶƽա
һŵƼҶˣ¶ϲɫҶƽһһѾǡ
ٺ٣ɱʮҪģûɱʮʵǿ촽ͻȻ󲽳ҶȥΪѾ󾳴Բģ޷Ҷ壬Ҳȫˡ
һаǿֹ߱ǿߣѾˣǿѾɱҶǰ
ǿϢǣ̽צץҶͷ­
ҶûʹûҲûʹõ֮ǰ벽һǱȭ˳ȥ
䣡
ǿ󵹷ɣ֮⣬Ҷûк˰벽
˳ǿ߿ȥֻǿѾƱѪģȻҶһȭˣҲԵȭˣܻᵱ
һȭɱһߣɱʮʵ˾㤡
ʵǸǿ߲ҶӲӲĻܵôңҶ֮벽ֻؾҲȲϡ
ߣ
а̺ȫŻɽߡ
ҶЦɱˣǾôһ֮𣿡ЦУŻ۳һâǵصնɱа̺ˡ

ҽ˷а̵Ӻ˸ûüͱâնɱ
ƽҲɱ˲ˣǼа̺ȴûˡ
Ҷƽɱа̺ˣȭлλ񽫳
лλ񽫣һŵҲ׷׸л
λҲǷ£ض񡣡ƽЦ
Ҷ忴ԶеʯʵţΪʲôʯΪ
תʯ񣬻Ϊʯ񱣻һŰǧ꣬ԣǰѳʯΪ
һŰǧꣿҶƽɫ΢䡣
ͷ˵ǧǰɽа˸Ϊܣ¥ʥ򼫶֮ص˶౻˸ɱˡʱǰ˸ǿڵĵطʵѩɽѩǿǰ˸ܣǶûгɹѩɽ
ǰ˸ǿ߸޼ɵǲϵӶɵĶԼŮӡȻкܶԸǣʧˡһŵһλ棬ǰ˸˹漴֮ʣһ¥ʥ򣬾
Ǹ˾֮󣬶ѩɽѩɽµһʱѩɽϵѩͻȻڻ󣬻Դ֮ƣѩɽԴˣѩɽ˻ɽ
˻ɽ˵ǰΪףڻɽɣǻڸˣԲܻĥ㵽ʱȡʯ˵ⷬƮȻȥϻɽȻʯ񣡡
˾˭Ҷƽ̲סͬʱʵ
º޼½˺ܶ꣬Ҳûдй˵Ϣ˵
Ҷƽղϧ
ǣ˵治ģȥʥѰңʥһϢ
ʥ򣡡Ҷɫ΢䣬ҲԣҲֻʥֵطŻǿߡ
浱ΪȻ㲻øߣҲ̫ͣύ˲ʥѣһЩʥɵĳϡ˵ӾԺϵĿУλǰһЩϢ
λǰǾԺˣҶƽɫ䡣
˵ͷ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Īǹǰ
λǰȷʵǾԺˣϧȥԺʱλǰѾʧٶꡣ̾


575 ɵӣһ
λǰ˭Ҷʵ
ƽպһŵҲĿŻ
渵йλǰ¼Ҫ׷ǧǰ
ǧǰԺ䳡
ΪҵˣǧĽٲ䣿ʥĺ᣿ΪԺ⣿þԺ޼½֮ϣ
ǲ룬ֻʮ꣬þԺˣαУߣǣǲʮ֮ǰͻƵԪĳɾͽֹ󾳣
ˣ˭Ҳ׼Ҳ
㻹Ҷ
˺ɤŵȻ
㣡ˣһŵڶӲû𣿡
յټ䳡ϣһݵ꺺ӣֳһޣһͷŭıһ䳡ϵİ۵ĺͯ
ֻǸ䤱֣ǰֱ̧߳ĺʯ顣
㻹𣿡
ӴһͺĿ첽֮һСͯ
һĺͯҿ˿Ʋ֪ŭȵıԼ̼䣬͵رͯʹ֮£ֻǰֻۣС裬еĽҲһء
ɵӣôŭסͯ䳡
ǡɵӡĴޣຢͯŵľһ֧ţ¶һ°ҲҪȥһ١
ڴʱ䳡ˡ
һΰ֣շһһݸ߸ߣһ
꺺бһۣȻĳǸɵϡ
ǰˣס꺺ӣˣúЪЪɣ
ںͯ⻰޲˿֪ˡ
꺺Ӻһʦ֣յҹ̡ܽٺ٣ͱˡ˵ŰסǡɵӡɵɴޣҪӴȴΪһСǾʹࡣ
Ͱӿۣһ͵ޣʲô⺢ɵôҲҵˣȥĸĸҲΪԺսģ
꺺Цһλʦ֣ûȥʦԺʦԺΪĥӵÿҪǧ󷨣ֱ꣬õϢЩӲǱˣպǾԺô
Ȼкͯ͵ŭĿСͯŭȵպԺرҪǵĽչǻ͵
ԣںͯɫ䣬æ̧Ϳ
ڵѪѪַߡУ߱벻ѪҲýŵأѪ¡ԣںͯűһֱ߾ٽǾԺص徳߷ǳá
ַ̫ۣͨͯѼ
ǹ̵ܽ꺺ӣǾԺĳϣǴʥᣬ֧ڶ࣬ڷּһλȲҵˣƢҲǳ̵꣬ĺͯϡ
ǰ˽С塱Ǹӡ̡ҲҵˣһԺǵĵλҪһЩ
Ȼǵĵλһ㣬ֹͬԺͯǵġѵֻһԿţʲôΪǲŻٴγ֡
һʱ
ںͯȷʵƣ۲ǵʳóԷЪϢںͯɴ⣬ʱУۼͷҲƵĳ䳡
ͬʱҪͷ뿪Ȼɵӡ䳡ϣüͷɵСӿϢˣôʦߣ
ɵ޶ۣѰһͶĵҪ˿Ľϰ죬еʦһͷۣҲкܶα˵Զԡ
ɵӴ̧ͷһۣϹŨŨı飬ĿɢãȻư׳һ㡣
¶ϧ֮ɫȥɵӵͷЦʦߵʳóԶ
ɵҲӦ𣬺Ȼָ߾ٹƵת˸ȦԾݺ˼衣
⺢ҲɵЩҡͷ̾ף⺢ȥĸĸţΪʲôһɵӡ
΢΢ҡͷ̾˿Ҫͷȥɵȴ͵סֽе裡ʦһ裡
ҾԺһӣûмʳӯˣ峤̾
ôɶҲȥЪһЪЦ˵һסҲʳȥ
ҡҡͷ뿪䳡
ǸɵӣȻ裬ߺţͬˣͬСתתתӳ֮֮δ֮һ䣬ɽһ䣬ˮһ䡣Ǭ༤༤༤壬ɾš
ϦǺϣֻ˫Ŀգأ赸ݡ

չȥԺԺصڼһգҲǾԺӿӣ
䳡֮ϣǧţһȰɸߵʯǰȺ򣬳ڵһţ˰һ˵ڵԺ˳ء
ʥġ޼ԴӵһսѾʧֻкɽŽʥµһ顰꽣ʥýдǧԣᣬɿȴǽ
ԺԺƲ⣬бضġ޼ԣԺͨʥǿ
޼ˣСԪննն޼նнȵ߽ԺѾʦԺԽ࣬ܵõ׽ض۷硣
ϧ
Ȼûһаʽ
ԺѾоԺӣϵϣµ꺢ͯȥȻûܲ
ھԺĳڵȴԺصʱ䳡һǣǰձݲСЩͯ֡
ֻһͯӻȡһͺĶ
һԺͯ״׷̽ͷʵʲô
ҴҩҪҩɢƨɣһͲˡͯС˵˵ĺ
ںͯԣ޲ϲѺͯΧ׷Ҫҩɢ
һվż̬ͯȻۿͬã̲סԳЦּҵ˹ȻȲҵˣͶȡɵģ
һԲҩɢĺͯ⻰ͷЦǼ˲һˣ޵
Ǽҵĺͯŭһںͯ㳳
·ͯ໥ָӻҼ䣬ȴֻһͯȻԣĿͣǸɵӡ
һͯɵӣеɵҩɢһŲۣ
ɵǸͯĻȴֻһЦ۹⣬һɵ
ǺͯɵӲԼҪ˵ߵһͯȡЦ׳գһ˵仰ǰ裬ʲô
۵ģ
ںͯȫЦ
ȻһȴڵӲ֣ʼн
ǽʥµģûжôΪ˱ʾ𾴽ʥÿҪʱҪС
ںͯæȫͬˣͬСתתתӳ֮֮δ֮һ䣬ɽһ䣬ˮһ䡣Ǭ༤༤༤壬ɾš


576 ɵӣ
˱Сʱ洫ӺͳѾù죬ʱǷ޾ɵš
ɵȻɵʱȴһ̬УȴҲ֪ǶǴ
˱УһòȻĳϵ߳ס˵УʮµĵӣȫУ
ɵӺʮµĺӷ׷׳С
˭Ǵ򲻵Ҫ󣬻ᱻͳԺԺҪǸòȻĳ˺ܼ򵥣ֻҪƽŬУĿ˾Ѳǡ
һ죬ǰѿһѷ죬һֱɵˮس֣һŴˮϺ
ǸòȻĳϽ˵ˮ»ʸЩȻҪǵǣһϣǵĿ˾ʧˣԣǱ뾡ȫܿˮļ
棬ֵšòȻĳ
ǽĺͯţˮ֮µʱʸǸͯΪףСС;ȻѾ徳ڰأȻмʸ㿪ɹĹˡ
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֪ɵЩˣȫЦ׳գ
ɵӻɵЦ㵸衣
洫ɵߣ˵ţ
ɵһЦ㵸洫ӡ
ҪʲôǸ洫ʶĺһ
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ɵӸһյʱ߸
洫ָԶˮţ߹ȥô
ɵһãȻŲԶȥš
ವһһֱʸˮɵϣɵӶʱһϹȻˮ۳ɵģ䲻ȴǳ
ɵѾѪ
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ͷ˵ԹھԺʹ߹ȥסҪˮµļС
ɵҲ֪ûͻȻţĳŵĶ档
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ȻֻԺȻҲɵ
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񼤵֮£͵ͷХԺɫ䣡
ãԺХֹסĨȥˮϣ̾ԺԣڵȵĴˡ
̾Ϣãְɵӵͷ˵ӣԸѧִƾԺ
ɵҲ֪ûУɵЦŵ˵ͷ
֮ɵӾ͸ԺڽǰУһʮ壬кӶѿʼֻɵȻ徳
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ǣɵ뿪˾ԺȥѰĵ
ĻҶƽյ޲ݡ


577 
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˵ͷ˵λǰ뿪ԺѰԼĵ·¥ʥǰ˸ãǡñλǰײˡ
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ʱԶҷбҶƽտȥȫȫ˵¡
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ȥ֪ˡҶĿһ


ʱ˿̣컯ŵȫۼ򽣸֮Ĺ㳡֮ϡ
컯Ϊ֮ˣǰиĿ࣬ݴˣϢȻѾԽ󾳣ȻǸֻؾǿߡ
캮ܹصվڰ֮ɫ
Ϊ֮ˣǸ꣬˵İ˴֮һʦŵŵҲиֻؾǿߣ̬ӣЦǺǵġ
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ڰԸа̺壬˾а̺ˣȻӲ˵λʲôҪ
ƾ㻹֪
²Ҫˣ˵ǴҶڣ컯š˵Ȼ˴ҶڣϷΪҶڵĳϣȻ֪ĿġϷ֪ھͿԴ뿪Ҷڡ
˼ЦһССĳ϶ҲɷѹҶС޼ɵ
Ҷڵĵɻ󣬾ʲô£
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ĪǴ˵Ϊֻؾ˥ֻؾǿͬʱǵΪֻؾһ˥ֻؾڶ˥Ҳָо
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ǰɿϵ˿ڣЦƺа
ֲϹӣȻõаһ
⣬ЦЦʣǰʶ㣬֪ǱǸɵĽɱ
ӵɫ΢䣬ֲԤС
ٺ٣Сӣ˵ʲôֱ˵ɣùĨǡаЦЦ
ͷʬϵ˿ڣ˵ˣұˣҲ컯źˣǶһ˫֮˵Ľ£˵Ľ൱ɱ˵ʱȫһ
˵컯ŵĳԼɱǵˣΪԲᳬ󾳡
ʱŵƣһҰƴСķбУ˵ҷбǱĳģϵȫɱˣһ֮ǰдһ֡
һҶ֣Ц˭벻ĳ˶˵˰ɣ
ӵɫ䡣
ٺ٣ǵǰ׳𣿡аЦ˭ɱ˵ʱôⲻ·𣿡
û߼޻Ц
컯ŵƽԿõĽӦǾԺġ޼Цǧǰڶս֮󣬾Ժġ޼ٴʧֱǰһ񽫴ȵʱʩչˡ޼˼޻ҲԼ޻ˣΪҶ֮⣬˭Ҳܻ׽
ǣҶ׽˾ԺˣԺĳô׽ɱɵˣ룬ԺԲЦԣֻпҶģ
ߣֻǵƲѡӺʯߡ
УҪҶһŵڡ


578 Ҫһ
ҪʲôһЦŵ˱
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ȻЦ˭֪ͽĸϵǱѰɱˣҲ㿪ѡ
Ц֤˻ὣʥǰġ޼ˣһ⣬ûŪ֮ǰ֮λҲʱȥɱ˸ߣֱΪֹ
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Ҷ壬ǾԺˣôĪԺɿս𣿡ŵȡ
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캮˿һĻ𾪲ѣϴ񽫴ûãҶʵȻô࣬ڵǣѾȫҶĶ֡


579 ˫
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ȻͬʱĿƣֵСָʳָȻжˡ
⡭˴ͣʲô£


580 ѧ
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ҶһԭʦΪҿѣǣʦֵ޼Ǹ˭ѧģҸûüѻԪննдԺ
ǽʥǰµĽ
ŵɫ䣬սʵ֮ǿԶǵ֮⣬ңսȻҲ޼⡣
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ĿһЦˮʯһ죬ǾͲŴҶڵλˣǣ˵ţѾתߡ
ŵ˿ҶһۣҲתȥܿɵ˾Ͷ뿪˴Ҷڡ
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Ҷڳɹ˻
СûʧаЦѾܰѧȥҲԵаһˡ


581 ħ
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ϲ˾Ȼͻˣ˿̵ϲѾֻؾڵǿߡ
ǺǣûѪħ̥Ҳͻơϲ˺ǺЦ
ҶһЦϲ˱ȥȴûƼˡ
Ѫħ̥֮󣬱뷵شҶڣȴھѨаǰǣһ֮²֪ڴ˵С֪УڶšǺһЦϲ˽˵ϷȻ°빦
лǰҶЦ
ղԸҵ־ѧϲЦʵ
ȭҶЦȭУղֻС
ѧ𣿡ϲĿһ
Ҷͷ
ǺǣжʹɣϷɲ顣ϲһЦץҶ壬ӿʮʸһҶ塣
ҶأƮˣֻ½է˾ͻȻ˰ɿ⡣ƣȫ档
Ľ𣿡ϲЦ
ûĲҶЦ
ϷʹȫĻ·ϲ˺ǺЦЦֻؾϢױ
һӣеȻ۳һ޳Ҷ塣
ҶûܣӭųһȭѪƿշɳײϣ޷飬ţѪζϲˡ
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ײϿȶҡ


582 
ڣϿڻָƽ
ľѧϲЦ
ȭз죬أֻ˵һءҶ˵
ϲ˲꣺壬治ʮǰĴ壬ǸһҲҪ֡
΢٣ϲ˺Ȼʵˣ㲻ǵõһöĵ𣿼ȻѾѧ˵ҲԴϵõľѧ
ѾܾûȥöˣҲ֪ҪܷҶЦ
СӣڵΪֻҪٸιһѪͿԷˡʨүĶС
Ҷɫ΢䣬漴ͷһüĽһʥͼɳ
ϲǰȥһöҶȽʥͼϲ˽
ʥͼһ죬һУڴ룬ɢʢһӽд
Ҷϲһ˽д
ʨүصڴУöͨĽͬǽĳλתԣƿǳʱҪľѪԪܴһΣҪѪˡ
һֵֻãҶһЦŽȥƣַ˽֮ϡ
һֻþѪһضҶΪˣҲԲƽˣҶɱ˽ˣȻ
ˡ
ҶѪҺڵԽԽ졣
Ҷɫò԰ʨү˵ûҪѪˡ
˽յʱ䣬ֹͣѪţҶҺ̬ԪȫҺ̬ԪС
ô˷ԪˣҲֻһˡ
ôҺ̬ԪȥɲҪʧҶ֮ǰյԽ֮࣬ǱԽʵҲԽǿ
Ҷ壬ȻҺ̬Ԫ
бҺ̬Ԫÿñ㱻ˡ
Ҷϲ˶ܳԾҶæҺ̬Ԫýա
ٺ٣öǱȻ󡣡ʨү˵һ󾳵ΪѾԿ϶һǽһλǰ
󾳡Ҷڴķ
ʱ󣬽ѾҺ̬Ԫ
ֹ˼ʱѾڰ˴Һ̬Ԫ˿̵ĽѾþ޴ޱȣһ˶ߡ
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ϳһѷ죬ѷҫ۵Ĺâ
ܿ죬һ鵰ڵأǵڶ飬顭
Ҷϲ˶ĿתĶŽڣһԽɫӽлŽӲӵĽë
һǿϢϯ˿ϲ˵Ϣ
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ȻһСԴӽɫë˳ĴܣĿҶϣһתҶ塣
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Сգգ۾ͻȻ˶弫СֻмѼСٴҶ塣Ҷûж㿪ֱССǻϲʹҶ廳ꡣ
Ҷ忴ϲˣСһΪֻؾ𣿡
ϲδ˵СȻ̧ͷҶ壬˶ͦţƺ˵Һ
Ҷϲ˶Ц
СɻĿҶϲˡ
СһߣҴȥŵ硣ҶһЦС뿪˴ϲ˽š

ʥͼ⣬Ͽڡ
С̽ͷϿȣо˷ܣͷҶ壬գգ۾ƺ˵ҿԼȥһ𣿡
СһԼĴȥɡҶЦ
СϲɳҶĻϿз˼ȦȻɳϿȡ
Ҷϲһۣȥ
Ͽ⣬СոշɳȥһˮͰִĴߴӳһҧ
Сһ㶣ܵĻӶһ߱ķɣѪ졣
ˣСˣҲƵķˣûɳԶȻûж֣ͷܣֻ׷ᡣ
ڣСͷһ˳ȥҽһһȷɡ
С֪ԼޣȫĶӡ
ҶϲںĿһУЦ
ȻǰСһһ
ǸһЦнˣȻ˵㣬Ҳ㲻
˵䣬ǸһץС
СĵѾܴ󣬸ǰһӶ˴һĳ򲻹ˣǸһִץ
ӿˣֻؾĽۣζáǸһЦ
Сˡ
аֻɳԲá
Ҷϲ˴Զ˹
ԭǸһȻа
СΪߣȴԼаĻᶼûС
ƼҶˣСϲæ˻Ҷȡ
СӣĪֻĲɣаû˵
ҶһЦεõη¸а
ҶĻаЦû뵽ȻܷһֱԺлĻһҪֻȥһˣǣ
ЦУſССҲƷɵҶߣ˵Ҷ廳Уͷа
аǰĪǺͽг𲻳ɣ
ԶͿˬ˷˹˵ˣħˮɡ
Ǹʱ屾Ͳϡа촽лĻһ˽ˣлᣬҲԲŹǣ
ˬͳĭȻѶԷʳ
аǰȳ˲ٽħˮЦ
СѾͷʲôʱлˣҴȥȥ̤ƽǵ񳲣аЦǣԶٶû⣡
ħˮڨڨЦҿ˰ɡ
Ҷ岻Цˣ˵ԶվɽϵĽȻڣŋ־իˣ
ɫ䡣
ˣղϵܴѶң컯š˰ŋ־իΧ׼ŋ־ի
Ҷɫһ䣬ʵ磬ʲô£ǰҲ˵ˣΪʲôҪԸǰ
û˵ԭа˵аǰһˡ
ȻԡаһЦ
лǰɫ
ҶȻ˵磬Ҳһȥ
ԥƬ̺󣬵ͷã
Ҷ忴żˣɫ⣬磬ܣȻشҶڡ
Сģ˵֪ԼȥҲֻҶˡ
Сģˬͳɫ
ģҿǾԺˣɲҶô
ҶһЦͽһͬƿշߡ


583 ƽ
컯šɵѾŋ־իΧסǼɵŋ־իĴ󣬿Ѿɱ˽ȥ
ɵƽ̾Ⱥǰ
ƽΪ׺ǸĿĴ󺺣ըԵʮ֮һʵھԺԺ
컯ŵƽΪЩҲʮ֮һ
ƽ̲ûǱĸƽ佣ſݣһϮ£ʹȻʮ֮һΪȴҲ˿Ĵӡ
λ֪޺ΪҪֶԸǣڡ
޺۶֮ǰȥҶ塣׺˵
кܶΣƽ̺λԲϴˣǳֶԸǵˣ޺ۣ佣˵޺۳ʲôԭҪǶ֣ɣǾԲܾʹգ
ǶҶ嶯ɱģ޺۲ŻֶԸǡЩ꣬Ĵӵͷܴ޺ĪΪŋ־իʸȡɲɣ
¡׺ЦٸһЩʱգǿȡǵһɣΪµɣ
ɵĵλǾԲ˺ģ
ڴʱŋ־իڴ޺۵ЦλȻˣΪβŋ־իһ
׺δڣȻЦ޺ۣڴҶûɱǣĪǻƭŋ־իŋ־իĴԸ𣿡
ĳһֱŋ־ի뿪޺ЦΪ˵ĳɱǣ
˵һֱŋ־իһֱ޺ۣôҲĴӣΪԼ¶ҳϣＥЦ
λƽҲΪĳ𣿡޺Цʵ
޺ۣм٣佣
Ҳ˵ۼҪɱˣ޺Ц
ˣŋ־ի佣Ц޺ۣǶжҪ˵ҲӦ֪Ȼɱˣ븶һЩۣվŋ־ի֮գ
֪Ҫʲôۣ޺Ц
ŋָĴУ佣
Ҳλƽ̵˼𣿡޺Цʵ
ߣҶ׼ҵˣҲŋ־իѾ御׺һ
ʵҲ֪´ΣǲںΪǿҽڵõŋָصĴУ
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ǼȻôҪŋִУΪʲôԼȡ޺۹Цƺɡ
޺ۣΪŋָصɱܵס𣿡׺䡣
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׺ŋָصǵһսʱˣµĴ󣬼ֻؾ˥˽ȥҲ׶༪١޺Ǹκβ
ҲΪʲôôû˸ȥŋִеԭ޼½ϣǿƳŋָɱĿֻԺš
컯ȻҲ֮һǵĵȴȲĸɣϾĴɿǴʥᡣ
ʥɣӵеʹʥУǱ컯󼰵ġ
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ߣ׺аֶ̺Ը壬㲻ȥԸа̺ˣȻܵŋִУԺԺʵڲ̫ԶˡһЦŋ־ի˵ˣ޺۹ӵĴͽѦ
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˭ǶԸŋ־իĳ֮Сƽ˵
£òҪ󣡡
ɲȥԸа̣ȴԸ˵ˣǼ˵ˣа̵ˣҶȻЦ
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룬ӦûҲҶ塣ҶЦ
ɱұϣ޺ɱұ콾ѵͺа̹ˣЦ
Ҷɫ䣬ȴ룺ǰʲôʱɱˣ
켴ԺˣҲǰ֣佣һ
ҿʵûŋִаɣղ˵ĲǵĽڶѡҶЦ
ߣһСѣȻҲҸôô򣡡佣һһҶ塣
Ҷʩչһ˺նյıܿ佣ơ
ϣҶ̧ͷ佣Цһ


584 
С֣˵˭ϣ佣Ц
Ҷ뿪ڣԶЦñĸƽ̾ȻһС֣㲻ö𣿡
佣ѭȥһմ˭
ߵҶͽߣ׺ˣЦλôƣѵλҪȥа̵ܶ𣿡
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ҡͷ־ûȥɱǣ¾Ǿа̵ı
а̣佣ЦڴҶɱǵ˾޺ۣƽѵῴ𣿼аʦûıòҲԲƽǣ
аܼܲðˣ˵𣿡Ц
ȫں佣ߡ
ɱǣô𣿡ЦҿƽǣǵʱǱԣֵΪɱǣ練ƣ
΢٣˵οɱ˵Ļ᲻Һֿ֣ɲ佣һ
佣ŭһȭ죬ɱ
޾壬ЦһȭӭȥȭͷȻ仯ǻƽһӲӡ
һ汻һȭɢĴ䡣
Ľյַˣ佣Ҫ˵ѡ
ΪƾǼ˾ܺ𣿡佣Ц
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ǿǿŋ־իҲҪһЩۡ
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һĵӱħЦ
ٺ١ٺ١һ컯ŵĵҲУʱɵЦʱЦ
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ƽ̣ǰа̻ȥսƻ˵ʱôû˵仰ҶȻЦѵֻڶԸԼ˵ʱŸ˰Ե𣿡
׺ٿؿҶ壬ĪΪ˾ԺͿԲ˷𣿡
ҶЦʥΪս˽ģҶǣǧǰʮ֣ҶҲǡ׺ΪܺЩǰȣᵣ˲㣿
ߣܲܺЩǰȣֲδɵС˵׺һͻȻŷ棬һҶȥ
޺۹Ӹ֣һ֪Ӻδն˻֮ϣһɢһ𻨡
ϵܣαظһƽϡһϵЦӲԶ
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Ϊ߾ȻǾԺԺ壡
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ĳۼ޺Ҫɱǣ¾Բд׺
ЦЦתͷҶ壬˵޺۵Ӹơ
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⡭׺ɫ䡣
忴׺ˣЦϷ˵ĿɶԣۼҲδġ
׺ָƽЦֱӸıƤطУҶ⣬˿²ɣ
ȷʵࡣЦ
Ȼˣ˼ð޺ۣǼð޺֮ˣӦüпܺҶʲôɣ׺Ц
Ҷ壬ղʩչطǸ˭ѧģʵ
Ҹ˭ѧģƺ޹أҶЦ
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λǰչҶ崫
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֣ڹƫ̻Ҷ壡׺ɫһ


585 Ժ
طչһֵ
׺Ͱһ㶣漴ɫ䡣
ǻΪƫ̻Ҷ𣿡˵
׺Ͱû˵
Ϸȫ׷飬Ϸϣȴ˻ȥ˵а̺ڻڲԲڧ˴μð޺۵ľаеˡ
޼ɱұϵ˭Ժ˵Ҳа̵˰ɣ佣Ц
а̺;ԺѾս꣬͵ѧ޼ֵһаʽ֡˵Ϸǵã˾͵ʦתֵҲ͵ʦʦԺ
佣һٶԡ
ЦλǴ˻ȥɣϷպ󶨻λһĽ
ϣֲҪ˽˵Ļ׺һӣתߡ
֣ϣ㾡Ǵ𸴣컯ǴȥˡһЦҲԼȥ
ҲˣԺܸһ𸴣˳ˡ佣˵תߡ
ת˲֮䣬ɵѾߵĸɸɾ
䳤ЦЦ˽ɢа̵һҪľǱ컯š
˵û컯ûе̲ĴɣĽɢȷʵᱻаȶϡ
˲ܽɢ建Ǿа뿴ģΣҲԸԳ
컯ͱ˵ĻĪǻҪòɣ䳤ЦǾǿ׼ǲҽɢˣŸʩѹаûн֮ǰǸ𣿡
٣֪Ϊʥĺᣬһе尲ΣΪΡ˵
䳤ٲ˵ʲô޻˵
Ҷֱ˿̲ŶԴʥ˾֮顣
ȻѾ㡶׽ϴ蹦Ϸ㲻ΪͽЦϷȥһ˾ԺϷȥһպ
лԺҶϲ̺޼ȥһۡ
忴Ž޺۹ӵˣЦҲϷ߰ɡ
˺⣬Ȼû뵽ȥ
ҪǣܴҾԺĽزʲô˵¡һЦȡһͼ
Ȼ󣬷ӿ
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ҶȥԺʱʦԺɽһϣƣһϱĿ˺ȻʦԺԺ
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˵ҶʥʱҲýɫͼһСɡɫȥ￴
ʲô֣Ŀһ
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֣ɫ䡣
ҲµûЩȻµġϲ
Դںλʥʧٺʥͼʧˣû뵽ʥͼȻʱ˼ˡɫ
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ñ˵õʥͼĻ˸ܵõʥͼҶϣ˵ҶѾõڵϿɡ
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˵ͷȥ
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ʱˣаʮ־ͺˡ̾Ҫڣа֮Ҳ񣿡

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Ժʯ飬Ҳ֪жٿ죬ед֣еۣее۵ȵȡ
ЩʯǾԺµġ˵Χʯ̺־Խߣʯϵ־Խǿ
ʲôÿģСӣŵ㣬ɱӵȵʱ̫ˡаЦ߳˽ء
Ѿ֪ݣԲûо֣аΪʥῴؽĶ
СҲа뿪˽أСһƺý̫ˡ
аߺЦ˵￴һɣٴȥ˵ת뿪˽ء
ڶʱֻʣҶ塢޺۹ӡħӡͽ
ڵһս֮ǰԺѾڣ޼½ϣܺ;ԺᲢ۵ģҲֻʦԺˣźȲԺ޺۹˵
ϵ־ܰǴ־˵лɹٵ˥ħЦ
ͱȱȿ˭ȶɹ˥ɡЦǰŶɹĴ˥żɵΡ
ҾȽȥˡħȽʯȥ
ţ޺۹ӺͽҲ˽ȥ
Ҷ壬Ц㻹δͻƵֻؾߵ̫
ҶЦŵͷ
㡣Ц粽ʯ֡
ҶҲ˽ȥһȥʯ֣һεѹȻٵϡ
Ժ˵־𣿡Ҷɫ΢䣬ʯ¼־˿£󣬵ǵ˾ǿʲôز
֪طûйǰµʯ
ҶߣҵȻµʯ˵ܰ˽׾ŽĵھŽؽ׾Žĵһ
Խǰߣ־ԽԽǿܵѹԽ󣬺֮ǿҲڳˣټɹԪЩѹ˵Գܡ
а˵ʱǸûʱ˵ûҶԽߣ־Խǿ˵ľԶߵΪԽԽ¡
Ҷ²⣬ΧʯǧµģȻԽʯߣʱԽԶֵܼǧǰ˵лҵȻµʯ


586 ־ֻ
Ҷ建ʯ֮䣬ʯϿ౮ģָݶУ󲿷ֶǿɴ˿ԿԺǿţЩˬ֮
ҶһʯƼиԺǿȭӡԵȭɢϢиԺǿߵָӡɢϢ罣
ԺĽأҲ˵ʨүЦҶУ˵־ݱ䣬Ѿֻ൱ڵǸߵһ
Ҷɫ䣬ʵЩ־Ϊ͵Σ
Ȼ統ߡʨүЦЩ־ϾֻЩߵ־ҲӵеЩʮ֮һ١ȻԽߣʯԽǿֻʮ֮һҲ²ǵĶ֡
ô˵Χ֮û־ӦЩʯ˲ǿҶǰߡ
Ȼǰʯ˲ɢ˵ȭ⣬ܿ죬Щ־㻯һ۴󺺣۴ȫᣬըԣŹŭ
־
Ҷɫ΢䣬û뵽ط־
󾳴Բߵطܲ۴ЦѵҪǰߵ;־һһܣûģûеĻھͿ뿪
ԸһԡҶЦ
۴ЦҿҪ㣬ǽ֣ǧҪ飬Ϊ֮־صʯò˶þ»ָһֱضȫԸԣʴȣ˺пܾ㡣
ǰģһᾡȫġҶɫ
ã۴󺺴ЦֽӡҶ壬һ״µӡȻ֣ײҶ塣
ҶʹӡеġԪӡһԪӡ֣۴󺺵ӡײһ죬ӵ
õǾԺӡõʲôԺûдӡ۴Ц
ӡҶ˵ţ۴󺺣һֻԪӡһӡͬʱ۴󺺡
۴Ҳʹ˫ӡһ̫һӭҶĹ
䡭սӡӡײûռˡ
ת˲֮䣬Ѿ䣬ʮС
ͻȻ۴ͷųӵ˷Ҷͷųֵ֮忪ػײ˺۴ϣ۴󺺵Ŷʱһ󶴡
۴ˣųĴ󶴣εҡҡͷû壬ȷʵѷʹȫСӣӮˣ
ǰ㱾ڴ˵ĻҿѾˡҶЦ
ٺ٣Сӣ㲻ǫ飬֮ͬڣҲĶ֡۴Цû뵽ҾԺֳӵʮˣ۹ҾԺĹͺڰôԵ
Ҷڡŋص䡷пԺ֮ˣӵʮǹͺڰͺڰʮ֮һ
ʮǳϡ٣ھԺѵҲ֮١ݹʮʷѹˣûгʮѺڰˣֻˣ˴ڵȽʥﻹҪԶ
ʥ˹ʮԺһˡ
Сӣǰ˱ҸǿҪСˡ۴󺺵Ȼɢʧ
Ҷǰȥ
;УȻ˸ǿ־Щеǽ֣еȭ֣Ҳе֡Ҷ屻Ƶʹ֣ͨЩ˵Ŀ顣
ʱǰٴγһ־
־ɫ䣺ǰ
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ȻĿһָΪҶţݺᡣ
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ȻǰŽȻҶĿ࣬Цʲô֣
Ҷ壡Ҷ幧
˽׾Ž˿˼ȻЦ
˽Ҷش
˽ȻĿһʣʱʼŽģ
Ҷһ»ش𣺡ǰɡ
ȻǺЦŶ̶̼ʱڰ˽˶ʮʱ˽׾ŽȻ˰ʱ˵ؽ׾Ž׾ŽҲ֪ûС
Ҷһصǰʯʱδ׾Ž
˽׾Žҵ˽׾ŽܲµĽͿԼ컯ˡȻһЦٴָΪʹ˽׾ŽҶ塣
ҶľҲʹ˽׾Ž˳ȥ
һ֮
ڶ֮
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Ľ֮
彣֮
ɻ֮
߽ˮ֮
ڰ˽
нÿжӦŰֵеһ֣Ȼʹ˽׾ŽȻͬʵĶһԣȫԴӹȻĽн̶ھŽ
գҶ͹ȻӰѾȫڱΡ
ȻҶ˫˫ͬʱʹ˽׾Ž˹ȻȻƼҶȻһĶʹ˫¶ϲ֮ɫҶĽ塱ڵģҶԽǿȻԽο
ˣ˽׵ھŽȻһЦָΪնҶ壬죬Ÿɫ֣ѹҶ塣
Ÿɫ֣ǰ֣
Ÿɫһ£ҶΧԪʱ̣Ҳ֮ѹҶ塣ҶȻоغҪһϢ
ΣͷҶ屾ʹɵֺʹ󽣵֣ѹȴȻʧˣǾŸɫҲʧ
ҵĵھŽȻЦܲھŽͿԹȥˣͻȥɡ˵䣬Ӱʧޡ
ҵĵھŽ
Ҷԭ£ԺвϻŸղŷһĻ
ǰĵھŽǰѾְںΪһˡҶǰ֣֮ҵǰ˽ȫ֮ھŽӦֻ֮֮
ǰĵھŽѾȫ˽Уֻн⣡ѼصĽ־ں˾ŸֵУĵھŽ
ҵĵھŽؼĲǴУǴʺԼĽ־ҵĽ־ʲôǰĽ־Ϊʲô˺أ
ҶĬˡ
ãѩ˵Ľ־Ӧɱ¾ҲǡƽյĽ־Ѹײڶ֮ơҵĽ־ɡ
üͷ룺־̫ӣ׳ĥһ־Ȼѭ򽥽ĥ־
־֣ĵھŽ
ĵھŽΪֽ


587 ͻȻս
Ҷ˫ۣһ̳ɫ䣬գŸɫİ֣ƴѹѹ˷涼ѹ³˼硣
ʧʱɿµѹŽʧ
ĵھŽֽ
־֣ͨ޷Ŵÿֶޱȣѹһɽͬʱѹˣ졣
ǰߵɲǣһſЦ뾫ԺҲ˽أ壬Я콾콾ս㾫Ժ콾ɸӦսҵĻԴžԺ˳ԸǣҲ԰ѾԺĵ
ЦصھԺ˾ԺĳϣҲоԺĵӡ
а̣
Ҷɫ䣬ɳ˽ء
ͬʱħӡͽҲӽ˳
뿪˽ء
⣬аЦ˼а̵˾ȻȻսԺ
ֻа̵սԺԺӭսĻ»һ޺۹˵
壬ô㲻ӭսýʥᣬȻӦսֻͷڹ꣡ǵЦٴδ
һ𣬾ԺֲҰЦӾԺ˳ȥȻѾ˳˾Ժ
ߣ
ҶȳžԺȥа˽
Ժ⣬ƯұѹѹһƬΪұǧɣ޴ޱȣͷվˣһǲǰ뽣ֵıһǸĸߴĺ췢󺺣
췢󺺴űǻ⣬䣬ıǿоȻð˻档񱩿µϢɢܡ
ڱͺ췢󺺵ıֺ˴ϣа콾
ÿµļһħɫء
ҶҲоˣ췢ȷʵǳ¡
Ǿа̵ϻһ棡޺۹˵
壬ڿϳˡһ濴壬Цǲ̸飬˵أֻΪսԺȻҲ֪ͨɵ콾
һôˣֻΪս𣿡Ц
ǱϾǵˣһͻȻֶԸô죿һЦԣôˣȫΪԱ
Ķ֣ƾ˿²˵Ķ֡Ц
ʥԴսħ壬ħ˿֣һЦţΪʥĺᣬԲ
ʥȷʵ콾ȥսħ콾
һĻ建֪ôս
ҽ̺ɳʮˣս㾫ԺʮˣһӮһӮʮ˵Ϊֻ󾳣ͲܳʮꡣЦȻΪ˹ƽҲȥɺ콾æ
˵Ժˣʮڲ׼ҽԡˣͬʮڲöԾԺ֣ǾԺȳֶԸǡ
磬а̾ʲôıƴ塣
ǱӦս崫غԺսĻضʧȥԿа̵ġ
˵һ棬˵ԺӮˣаʮڲö嶯֣ӦԺӦս
ãӦһЦ
ʱǻѡӦսʮˡ˵Ȼȥ˵˵ţѾȷԺ
˽
ҶߺЦϻǵ˶Ѿ׼ˡ
ǣֻ׼ʤ׼ܣ˭Ӯˣ˭Ʒ⻤ʹߣϻЦ
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´
忴ƣ˵ϴѶս
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룬Ӧܷء˵
䳤ٲٶԣϴѶɡ
忴ˣ˵˭Ը澫Ժս
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ң

һԺĵվ˳Ϊ͵Ķ
ԺҲԸ澫ԺսҶҲս˳ΪԺսԴϾȻǾԺˡ
аɳˣضǰ벽ֻؾɳȥˣΪҲǰ벽ֻؾ˵˭ΪܶԷҲ澫Ժս
ԣھԺĵǶĬˣǵУȷʵкü󾳴Բģȴûа벽ֻؾ
ЩΪﵽ벽ֻؾģֶѾʹˣ޷澫Ժս
ɨˣĿҶϣ˵Ҷ壬Ժս
ԺһȫԸҶȻ
үү澫ԺսǣһЦ⴫˿ȥһɫŮ˴
Ƿֱս衢С棡ǸɫŮӣǼ⡣
ԭȥҶҶ壬ǡսУʱôѶս裬ǣǾһ˾Ժ֪Ժ˱ʣҲһˡ
ãˣˡЦټˣʮѾˡ
ԺĵǴϲ˴֣ܻа̺ˡ
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һԺĳЦʱ򲻱չأƫƫʱչأǾʲôģ
ԺĳϺ͵ӸŭɱûֵģǾȻڹʵڸ
ʵǻ˵ʲô
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ϸ磬ɲΣĪǻԸ˾а𣿡
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˿ȥ˾Ȼ߻꣬һСһ곤Ȼмƣֻ˼
꣬ʦԺĵڶţʢ
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ϵܣôˣ
һ´󺺺һҲ´
Ǹŵ콾ԬƣǸ´ŵĸԬƾ
ԬƾˣǺЦλڣаܲܣ
󲮣Ҷ塢ս衢桢СʢټԬƣѾˣĸ䳤˵
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ɫ䣬뷨ʵ̫ˡ
ԺţҲģҶЦ
ǺǣҲҪӮˡЦ
ս衢桢ʢԬҲ׷˵ԼԻӮ
ȻǼ˶ģϷܲǡ
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588 ʢս
Ժ⡣
߳ʮ꣬ʮǴ˴δа̺սˡ
Ҷ˳һЦ˴αԲ壬ǵ˻ҲӦս
бΪкξ壿Цһ𣬵һս˭
һ濴ߵʮ꣬Ц˭Ըսһ
棬ѩɡһѩ׳ȹŮ߳
ãҪѩ嶪һЦ
ѩѩ嶪ġѩȻһЦ
ŮѩˡҶĵ˱һսˣóû𡣡
˵뷨ʵҶҲһġ
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ʢʩչ󷨣Ϊ족ǵؽƷ󷨣ͬľ磬󷨵׼󷨡
ಡʢٴͷųͷģŷݻʮֻ񣬴˷ͬʱѩ죬ˡ
ѩ޾壬ЦһϺ磬ʱΧƾճֱѩѩһ㣬ƺƵϯϯıѩڼɢͬʱȻһˮͰִıߡ
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ͻȻ˴Ũз˳ȻûˣȴǳǱ
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ʱСȻЦҽģϴұ͵컻ս̸ҡʢ͵컻͵ˡٺ٣͵˱˵Ķǲңҽû취ֻܰ͵컻ս
ҶЦˣҺ͵컻գ
ڴʱʢѩٺһЦȻе͵컻գ
ವһѩķͻȻʧһͷں㷢ʱɢ
ѩ΢䡣
ٺ٣´οɾͲֹǷˡʢЦ
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ɣ
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֪ʢûʩչ͵컻գѩ֮ʣߵķĺȻһһѩѩִӭУʱľ޻ײɣ󱻷ľס壬˲䶯á
ʢһ棬ǺЦһӮˣ
һҲЦȻӮˣ˷ˣ
ʢҡҡͷǿɲУܹҪţ
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ٺ٣Ǻ£Ϊ˵ʦԺͻһбѩֵ֮š䳤Ц
䳤һۡ
ҪȢѩţԣҾа̾СһЦ
ʢ˿ֿ˿ѩε˵û취Ȣ㵱ˣ˵ţͷһѩϵľģѩʱ
ѩݺݵĵʢһۣɻߡ
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һɨˣ˭Ըս
棬Ըսһ߳òţǹЦݣֵˣıȻһѴɡ
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ʦҶǰһ
ĵΪҲǰ벽ֻؾҲʦ˭Ըս忴Ҷ档
Ҷ뿪ڣȻҶʦܣȥԸɡ
ĻҶֻЦŵͷ
óͻ󣬶ļȻĵӣҲӦˡ˵ึʱвɴ⣬˼ȻܱΪ״ӣԲǵ֮
а󻤷ǿߣյͽܣȻͨˡ
үүģһСĵģһЦ˳ȥ
ϵܣ˵ϵмʤ㣿ͻȻս衣
ҶСҲս衣
սĬƬ̺󣬺˵Ҳ֪
Ҷˡ
Ϊ൱˭Ӯÿ˭Լ󷨵Ŀǿ޺۹ӳ
˾룬ⳡԿ½һ


589 
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˶ǰ벽ֻؾһа̻״ӣһʦԺʦ֣˭Ҳ֪Ӯ˻˭
ʥǰݺµʱ򣬱Ϊʥ֮ʣεӢˣ֪ĺܼܲһЦ
ЦĳܼһаͱĳˣҲͲⳡԡ
ĳܼʥڵ֮һҲѾĳ𡣡΢٣Цʥǰʥֵ츳Ҳװɣ
ĳ츳ȻڣԷȴ´ࡣЦ
ĳҪΣһЦüͷųͷķģķеǺɫеɫҲеĻɫ
ͷһ֣嫵ѹϯ֮ǿֻؾǿߡ
ĵҲѾɱĴΡҶһܸоĵǵѾɱĴΣҲ̺Ԫ֮
ǲԼԪģҶ²⣬ӦɱĳֻؾǿߣȻѶԷ̶öա
Ҳ뵽ܡ
ĵӻǰмӡֵаа
ʱҲͷųͷһӲӵķƯߣҫ֮һ˿ڶĵ
ҶԾǣȻҲͷиӦԪϢ
Ҷɻ󣬼ʦԺĽһԪأʦԺǿµԪЩԪԪʦԺĺ˺ա
Ҷɫ䣬벻ʦԺȻк;ԺһĴнء

аЦߵķͻȻʮ֧ʮļеÿĶͷų׵磬ʹüҲ֮ˡ׼
ʩչ־֮һʮ׼
ͻȻʮ֧׼ںϣһֻ֧׼׼ΧĿռŤѾܲס׼ǿ񱩵
֣֪ܲܽסһЦ
ָոճڣ׼Ѿƿն棬ʸ֮׹磬žֱ졣
ͷһߵķĻһѽɫ޽ӭżʸ˳ȥ
ʸƽ޽ײ䡣
ͬʱʩչ֮ƾʧԭأһ̣˾Ȼͬʱǧɿ⡣ţ˾Ȼͬʱ˸Ե󷨣ͽٴײ

ʯ֮䣬˾ȻѾϰٴΣ籩꣬£ء
ԶԶȥļʸУڱƽ޽ΧʼնûнӴȴ𱬵ײ
ҶĿⲻͣתһҲûиʦ֮ս˵档
ͻȻͶƺһ˺˶ԷУǶѪ
ɫ䣬ڵⳡսעǳҡ
䣡
ٴν֣Σļĵڶһ󣬴׼󷨣ޱȡͬ׼󷨡족ʮֻͬʱ죬죬漫׳ۡ
һݻһӰ˷Ļ𶯡
ƾУһӰۣһֻ񴩹ذӰҲ˶ĵ硣˼ͬʱϣȴ治ɫ
Щȥ˵ͬھһԺĳ̲סڡ
嵱ȻҲ֪ǲֹҲжϱ䡣
Ҷ֪ԼҲԲ;Լ˵ıԣȻһƽıԣͱֳһʤ

Ͷٴν֣һͰײǧɻ⡣
ٺ٣棬ܵסһ󷨣ӮаЦΧķͻȻǰ£һʮߵķľˣĶӷľͷų˷
ĵ󷨣
ɾǵѪЦһߵķĻһһХֱȥ
Ķɱһһ
䣡
һıըŨͶ˶С
ĶŲϷӿŨ
Ȼ˷ֱ𵹷ɶһѪ
ɳȥסһˣҲɳȥסһˡ
ҶĿȥųһƣԶֻеĶĿȥŴҲһơȻղ˸Դ˶Ըһƣ˿˶Ѿˣս
ˣɫ
ͷɵ˺ΪˣͬʱҲŶȥȥˡ
忴һ棬ڣһƽΣ
ƽ־ƽ֡һЦˡ
Ҷеɫ䣬ⳡƽֵĻôʣµĳȫʤʤһƽ֣Ӯĵʵ֮Ѿûʮġ
ΣĳǶӮҶ塢СԬƺսһۡ
壬˳ˡһЦ
Ŀһ룺ҶΪȻֻ󾳴Բ˫ֺͻս±ǻҪһڲʺϳ֡սˣ˭ȥһЩ
ϸ磬ҾûȳսɡԬƾ
ΪΣ崫ʵ
ΪֻҪгսսҲȻսԬƾ˵սСҪսУȴ뿪ţгսĻȻӦս
˼˵жսսСӣһӮ崫
սս壬壬˺սСӽ֣ʤԶУңҶģԬƾ
ãгս̧ͷһ棬˵ǳսУУȥɣΪ
еͷ˳ȥ
棬аӪУһƽս׵ĿƼ߳촽Ҫðһս⾪ˡ
һоս⣬Цȥɣ
л棡˷ܵĳ˳ȥ
˭Ժĵǵ۵
ҶҲܺ棬˾˭
սһսӵս壬˵һͬƷȫɱҲκ˺ۡսɫҲʮ־ˣ˵һȭһ벽ֻؾߡ
ھԺĵɫ䣬ʦΣˣ
֣һսδĶ֡ս˵
֡ҶϵУŵֺͰ׻ǿģſǳʥһ˫ʥبδУʦԺ˸ʥſԺųµһɡ
˵սҲ££һȭһ򣬲սʥǵʱѾʥս˵мΪʥᡣ˸̾
ս棬˭ʤ˭˭Ҳ޷Ԥ⣬Ϊһսǿ


590 Ѫ֮ս
Ҷ忴ǰкƽս׵սսս磬嶷ţս⣬˲ֱӡ
սǿƣȴһƽ
Уǰȥ㣬ܶս׼û׼õĻҿٵꡣսЦ
Щ֪ԭίˣΪܶսȴ֪ѹͲţ֪սȥսԼ
սˣҽ֮⣬ʲô£ЦĳսĻ϶֣α裿
սЦǵĳУȭ⣬У
޾壬ֳһӰһȭӭȥ
ȭײʯײһ𣬴˺գǵĶ䷢顣
ûʩչκλɵ似ȫ֮ӲӲȭȭԵ֮ޱȡײ쳹ص˶ߡ
ಣಣ
˶ٶ£һһ磬󾳺ڵҲѿ˵Ӱ벽ֻؾϵߣܿˣ˵ٶѾֻؾߡ

ٴγȭȭȭײ˺ѿ쳹
սս쭣ÿսǽһߣ߶ᵱЩսϣȴȫˣԭϲ֪ʱֳۡ
ΪЩۣս޷˵С

һдһȭצƿץս
ս޾壬ȭͷսһǸսȭצ
һĻҶߵаȻǰһ˷ܵһҪСӵͽܣСӼֱΪѧģ
Ҷ忴УЦʥĺˣȻʺľѧ
ӺǼһҲ֣Ǽһʹֺ󣬿ԻȷʵаЦĺ˱ȴ̫Զˣһҵĵ̺мȲǼһҲ̫Զ
䣡
Ҷа˵֮ʣսִһǸսȭսһޱȭӡѹС
սеս˾ԪںϺĲޱȣ᲻ɴݣԵֵ
дЦһȭצţսȭӡϡһ𣬾䣬˶ľȳһѪ
ԺѾȥⳡԣԲȸղһҡ
һսȻǿС
УҵҲˣսЦϽս죬˿̵Ѿ۷壬սҲﵽǿ
ҵ֣սܹȡЦͻȻθߣͷǣβ˰˰
嫵ϯ˷
ս֮ǿܹģսһͣҲͻȻθߣսȫ
ս壬ս峹׾ѣ˿̵ֱǸʲôʲôͻ顣
ɱ
սٴɱԷѪսɱ
ⳡϳ䣬ȫͬͣһűѪȣѪڡ
ת˲֮䣬ս˲ˣȵѪҺѲȾ졣
аŵġȭӵ˼£ڵ״̬ԺֻؾһսսҲսġսȭݻ˼£ÿȭɽ
ֹʱѾֲǧΣȻûֳܹʤ
ȻɱԶֻ֣һƬһƬֲϵҽɱһʱ򣬺˲䱻ȵѪˮڶ
̫ˣԽԽľ
˭ֵܼ˭ӮҡҶкսȵȫ־ѾǴʵ
ս壬´֮һϧ̾̾ϢΪս岢һˡ
䣡
һ죬Զ𶯣ԭսһβ˦ɣ˵ϣʱߵɳ㡣
ߣսɳгɱֳֽɫ޸죬еľ޸ȻǾƷ
սȹϵ壬ûоƷǾ˵ڶս٣ֱӺԺа塣
Цһէһһɶ೤䵶Ȼ֣ƣеĵҲǾƷ
˼Եı䵶;޸ײǷɽ
мսӵб֮Ӱ֣
ս޾壬˫ֽս˳ȥսսâֱǧɿ⡣

֣â뵶âݺύܡ
ͻȻ䵶;޸ײ˶ûк˰벽
ȣ
˴ȣͬʱһ䵶;޸ͬʱն˴ϣʱնѣѷԽԽȻǧɡ
صػ𣬸ߴɡ
˾Ȼɱǻѷ
ɫ䣬ѷȥȴ˵Ӱ
䡭ѷд
Ҷɫ΢䣬澿ʲôˣ
һǿҲѷüͷ塣
ͻȻһѪѷ𣬰һҽС
˵Ķᵽɤϣ˭ˣ
˾֮ʣѷɳһӰ˵ϣ䵶ӣӣѾվˡ
ˣȻУеųȻһ˿ڣѾɼǡ
һͱͬʱЦ
Ҷͬʱɫ䣬ȥ˵ʱһ˴ѷ˳һ˵ϡ
Ȼսսֱ۾Ȼһֻһڵͻ˹ȥ
ղŻڴЦһˣЦͻȻ̡
ʱл̧ͷҶˣ¶ЦݣӦӮ˰ɣ
Цŵͷſһ棬˵һ𣬵ԣ֪һӮ
ߣһһ壬㲻Ҫ̫磡
ЦЦһ棬תͷԬƾ˵Ͽȥˡ˵ŵݸһŵҩ
Ԭƾͷӹҩɵߣιз˵ҩµҩеɫʱһЩ
ͬʱսҲа̵̧ȥȥˡ
ͿˡпҶˣЦ
Ҷ塢սԬƶ˵ͷ
һ棬֪˭˳սȻЦ
һ濴ˣĿһ죬Ѫɫͫ׵ϣү
Ļδ˵һЦ˳ЦŶҶ˵平ս˭Ըͽ̣
幣ɫ΢䡣
ҶȫŽĪǽ˵ˣ
˵ħĺᣬҲǾаΨһһͬʱӵѪֺɻֵˣȥɱˣȴûгɹа̶ıʵ̫ˣѾһƽ̼̳
ɫ䣬һ˾ȻͬʱӵѪɻ֡


591 ۶
а̼̳ˣӵ˫ֶ֣Ǽµĵֻ֣ؾߣֻҲδǼ幵Ķ֡
˭ս
壬˭սûУһЦԼ幷ǳģ˭ʤ幡
룺Ѫֺɻ֣սҪսʤᶼǳС
ӵѪֵ˽֣Ҳӵɻֵ˽ֵ֣֪Ŀ¡һͬʱӵ֣ս֮ǿԶ
磬ҿսսȥɡɴ
սȷʵаһЩҶսҶΪϾȼ幵ͣȻѹƼ幵ΪǼħˣһħ屾𣬾ܵ󲿷ѹ֮ΪҶʺϳս
뵽忴ս裬˵ս裬һսɡ
սһЦȺ߳
ܼ˫֣ʦҲ˫¹˭ֻδ֪֮Ҷ
ʱЦŶս˵˵ǾԺһһˣ룬ǽ϶ǳȤ
ܺа̵һ˽֣ȷʵȤսЦ
干ٶ˵ͷųѪɫѪ֮
սҲͷųԪһϾȼսڻУһ
Ѫ֮ײ죬Ũ
Ѫ֮ѹס˻棬ӿս裬Ȼ幵Ѫ֮Ҫǿһ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ϊս赣
ս辡ӵ󹥻˵ħѪֺɻʵ̫£ֵͨʱһ
Ǻǣү츳мӣһսѣǼүĶ֡Ц
սүʤһЦսʤ幡
Ҳսսʤ幣Ƕͼ幽֣֪幵Ŀ£ֻؾڵҲ䣬Ҳֻֻؾһ˥ϵǿ߲лܼ幡
а̼̳ˣͨˣ
֮ڣû˻Ǽ幵Ķ֡
ڴʱ幰ȻЦս裬Ҳɻֻ֣Ѫ㶯֣Ҳذɣ
һͱɫ΢䣬֪һ˵ɻ֣ǾĲãΪʵ̫߰δͬŷ
а̽˵年δܹδǼ¡
䣡平֣һָѪ֮۳ɰָӡսȥ
Ǿа̵׼似ȪѪָָֻӵѪֵ˲ʩչһУ˵Ѫ͹ᱻڻѪˮǳ
ս޾壬һָӭȥָͷų۳ָӡѪɫָӡײһ죬幺ս˵·紵죬Ʈ
սʩչҲ׼似Ϊ׾ָ˿ڻȪѪָ

ɱԷּ˸Ե׼似ָӡָӡٴײ춯ء
ԶԶȥ˶Ѫ֣֮һȼյĻһ㡣ս׵棬һȦ桢һȦ׵磬Ͻ棬ͷų˫
˫֮ȻԵѾʮ
幹Ȼãûпɻ֣תѪ֣ͷųѪ֮ݻ似ս衣
ʯ֮䣬Ѿ߰׼似ÿֶˣ𶯾ʮء

˽֣˼
Ȼսһ֯۳һֻ֣幣
ԺĲӡ񼰵ʥ̵ħ֣һЦӡ˳ȥ𶯣նƺҪһ˷Ԫϯ֪һֻɫ֣¡¡
䣡ֻĻһ籩һ㵹
پԺ;а̵ĵӾ㤣ڽ𣿡
˿̵սͼ幣Ѿչֳֻؾľս
干Ϊа̼̳ˣҶɫ΢䣬ֻѪ־ǿս˫ֵĻǿʲôزοڻδħ֮塣
ɫأ֮ǿԶԶǵ
ߣүϳȫսѾˡתֵߡ
үѵиĶ֣үһӮֺαؼһʱЦ
а̵˶Ц
ʱԶļϢǣͻȻθߣϸֳħơ
ħ壡
ħһһħ壬ʵᱩǣ֮֮ȵȫǿΪһսħطħ䡷ʧˣǻħ֮ʩչħ䣬ֻ»ǿ
򣬹֮ҪץҶ壬ΪҶʩչˡȼѪطȼѪطǡħ䡷ƪҶϵõġħ䡷׸ģԲץҶ塣
幻ħ壬Цˣսذɣ
ս裬ϣĿˡһЦкâһһ˳ìУìͨںڣħƣħ档
Ǿа̵ľƷ֮һìǷĵħԶͨƷ
ֻ年󲽿̧˳ììħ֮ս裡һìʵ̫죬ս輱ܣǳìľȴԽԽ
Ҷͼ˵Ķᵽɤϡ
ۿìս裬սȫѪһλ¯һѪͷ۳仨Ϣ˲ֻؾ
Ϣսһһ볤ìײ

ì˼幣ս˰벽еĳ죬ϲ
ʥط۶
һ˾ɫ䡣
ɵȻѾ֪սᡰ۶ǲûие⣬ǵȴ̾һƺǳԸսʩչ۶
۶Ҷ循ɡ
Ҷ壬͵۶˽ʥǰطʩչطܹǿΪάֵʱ䲻ҡʩչط֮󣬵ȼʱԽȼյԽࡣ
Ҷɫ䡣
ʥǰݺᣬ۶ĻϴԪطǿȻҲȼͬʱڣȴû۶ȼյࡣֵϧԪطѾʧꡣ
ͻȻԶļЦ۶Σĳն㣡˵ֳֳìɱս衣
ɱĳʹ˫Ҳʸ񣡡սЦһ幡
䡭ٴν֣ɱɫ䡣
Ҷһ˶Ϊս赣
ȻսͼɱԶֻһ춯صıըԶǧߵɳ㡣˼ǡһ𡱷˳׹ڵء
ĿȥɫԱ䣬սĳ˼幸ֱӹᴩ幵ĳìҲսأʹࡣ
ˣܾˣ


592 ս
һȵˣ
ϼͷ˹ȥҲͬʱ˹ȥǷɹȥʱսͼͬʱվìͳȻֱϣȾѪ
ҧγ˲ڸϵıͬʱ˶Է
ս裬֮ͬڣǵһ˵ˡѪ촽
սҲγųĳìס˿ڣЦʹ˫֣δĶ֡
촽аЦ´һɱ㡣˵ţҲüˣԼа̵ķбȥ
Ҳȥ
ͬʱƲս裬ɻӪ
⼧ȻаˣȴҲǳáپԺĵӵ˵
Ҷ룺ûʹ˫֣ƾͲܾˡ
һ棬һҲƽ𣿡˵
һЦûзֳʤȻƽ֡
תͷһ£Įֵ꣬ͣһս
ǽС͡ͷߵȺǰɨҶˣ˭Ըͽ̣
Ҷ屾ȥԬƺȻֵ̧סҶ壬Ҷ˵˵ɻ֣
ԣҶͷ˻ȥ
ԬߵȺǰϢǣһͻ˰˰뻢̬
ȻҲЩ⣬һЦͷųɻ֮գͬơ
ֻŵ֪Ԭ˽ֵʱ򣬴һʼ;ȫ۶˭ˡԣܶ˶Ϊϻ
ҿа̵ɻ־жǿԬɱ˵ͣݡ
Ҳ֣ɻ֮ͬһ֣Щɻ֮ĴҲ֮Ԭơ
䣡ɱһɱ𣬼˸Եǿս
һʱ䣬ɱգ
ս޺۹˵ʤƽҪӮ
㲻ӮˣҲӮѾֻʣҶˡԬƾ˵
ûֻҶһ˿Ժ;а̵콾һսѾûһǿߡСȻ츳ˣΪϾߣа콾Ķ֡
߻аˣȴû
ʱȻ˵ҿս
˶˼⣬˲żʵܴ˿̵ļѾΪѪħ̥ͻƵ˰벽ֻؾ
ҶҲ⣬пҪ֧֣ͷˣɫԺ֧ս
ĿһͷΪɣǲҪǿ
Ҷⶼ˵ͷ
˶սϿȥ
Ҷȴ⣬Ѳ׺齻⣬ɫСģ
ס׺飬ȻЦģҵĶֺͼһҾԲˡ
Ҷ˵һ¡ľͼͬʱ̧ͷȥԶԬƺ͵ܾˣѾ޷սȥ
ƽ֣Ȼƽ֣
ɫ䡣
һɫǳѿս峡һȻƽȫơ
ͬʱֺԬƾ˰˵Ԭƺ͵ʹ˸ԵӪΪˡ
һЦһ˵壬һ˭
ǵսʤƽҪӮһҶ壬ϣѾͷӮµ뵽˵СѾͷһͿˡ
ͷ˳ȥ
û뵽˻Ǽ⣬ѹû˵⣬Ȼ˴кξ壿
ȥԸһЦʲõߵȺǰ
һ˲ûֹǶ룬ԸѾͷѾ㹻ˡ
Ҷ崫⣬˵⣬кֺ׵֣Сģ
Ҷ崫ɲǣѾĺ֣һɫƯǰͷųɫ档
ôƯŮˣʵ̫ϧˣһЦɫͻȻȥ
ⱳһԺɫһͻȻƵ֮⡣
׺飡Ҷһ׺鵽˼ϣϾȻͻȻǿ
ٺ٣ƷɲֹСЦЦͻȻн˸һ˫ɫսѥϣٶȻһ⣬ٴɱ˼⡣
߶ζڲ֮ϣ֮ǺɫͱɫĻ档
䣡ֻײĴһ𣬾ǧɻ档
Ѿʩչͫ𡢻𣬽ɱˡ
ȻƵÿĵڶ֣׶𣬺Ի뼧սݣ˸൱
Щԭżка콾һսˣ˿ɫԱ䡣
Ѫħ̥֮ʵѾͻͽҶ
ߣ
ͻȻһһ޴ޱȵĺɫһɫ򣬻һٴɱ⡣
ⱳɫʧгһɫ˿ֻӶ˿˿һΪΪġת˲֮ͻɫ˿ߣǵص
Ҷɫ䣬ǲ׺𣿲׺鲻Ǽҵıֻе˼ҺҲᱻӳ
ʱҧԼɱУɫͬʱײɫ˿֮ϡɫ˿׾ٵķָ˺ɫ򣬽и
ۿ˿УһͻȻһץʱصߡ
һһ˿ߣ˿ͻȻ£˲׺顣
ߣߵһ𣬱;ΪͻȻָ棿
һ䡣һ˵ſ˼⣬ֵСѾͷû뵽ȻǼҵˣϻмĴ
û˵
һһЦתͷ壬˵һɳ𣡡
Ժԥ˳
ҶҲԥ˳ΪѾһˡͬʱѲ׺ֽҶ塣
Ǿа̽ڼ幵ĸ֣Ϳ˫ֵļ幽֣Ȼˣȴ˵ǾаΨһһ䵱ֵˣҪСģҶ塣
ҶɫȻ䣬ȴǳԾ
˫ֺͻ츳ȼ幻ҪǿȻڡ
ҶЦ֮ⲻ֪˵ʲô
ΪϾңҡЦ
Ҷӿ˵ңҲħˣҵĻѹ֮УȴǺܴ󡣡
ֻûҵĶ֡ЦȰһʼ;ȫΪҲᾡȫ
˵䣬ǰƾոֳŰѽ
Ҷɫ䣬ҵľŽ֣
ֹҶ壬ҲǳԾħˣȻĵ֡
˳ԾǣϢͻȻͷųɻֱ̣֮ͬƲ񷡣
˫֣
ɫ䡣
ȻҲ˫֣ɻֺ;Ž֡
ĸǶҵˣǶҵͽЦҵľŽ֣̳ҵĸסĸ⣬ҵ˶̫޷ѾŽֵӳ


593 ռһս
ΪߣҶ˻֮ӦÿԹƽһսЦ
Ҷû˵üͷųͷģֿɵ֣֮ȫ
ֵ֣ҵɻֶѹסһ˵
ɻ֮ϵĵ֡СӵĵϸûУһʵ
Ƕˣȫͨˡֻش
һü⾿ô£
һѴץȥýúÿһҳԭ˵
ʱδһ˵
ԶҲûмҶɵ֣Ҳɻ
ʱǰľŰѽͬʱ˲಼ƿͬʱƿնɱҶ塣
Ҷͷ߶Ųʶ󡱣Ųʶ⣬Űѷɽӭȥ
ʮ˰ѷɽڿײǷɽ
ҶķɽǵֵסĽģҶڷɽϲ󷨣ʹ÷ɽüӲޱȣԲŵֵסĽ
ȻĴۣҲζڷֳͷȥˡ
ڷɽײϵʱͻȻɱҶ壬һħ֣
Ҷ޾壬һȭ˳ȥצƿնħײ𶯡
ʹɻɻ֮һյĴҧҶ塣
Ҷʩչܣͷų֮֮ͬһХײھϡͣɻ֮֮֯һ໥ɡ
գҶ֮ʤһɻ֮ȫɴ
һȻ˵Ҷɵ֣ɻ֮ϣǴ˿Ƽɻ֮ˣǵϻ¶֮ɫ
ҲˣۿʵڲţȻܿɻ֡
Ҷ岻Ϊʥãͱ뾡һ棬¶ɱ
ûԲôӼɳȥձضΪʥ̵ĴСһҲɱġ
аң˿ȴ˿ǣȻҪѡǡ֮졣
ಣ
Ҷٴν֣μ似ħۣ֮ɻ֮һž޴ӣͷųɫâҶ塣
Ҷһȭ졣
ɫâһѪײͬʱը飬Ѫζͷײ
һư£һȦȦɫɻ֮ɢѪײըѪȫը
ʩչǾа̵似ħơԵ֮
Ҷһٴκ죬ʮɱ
һͷɻ֮Ӳɫâֱʮȥ
䡭𶯾죬籩˶ʱ˷ϵķ籩С
ԶԶȥֻһڷ籩Уϳһ򡣺һǿڱըһȦȦɢֱǧ֮Žʧ
ս˱˳ϣͺǱһĺ˴һ
ͻȻٻľŰѽֳѣɱҶ壬ͬʱ߰ѽʱͻȻɳɱҶ塣
ҶľͲ׺齣ʩչ˽׾Žɱȥ
˱ƴ˽ʱգ飬˸˵Ӱ
ľⳡԣҳ̶˿ڼ幺սһս
ѩ콾ҶаǺҶ彻ֵĻ˿̿Ѿˡ
ҶʦܻûгȫԲġսȻڣѾָ٣ֻɫȻǲ԰ס
Ӯ˴սǾӮĳʤƽͲüȥˡħ˵
Ӫ˶ĿתĿҶ壬սǳؼǶϣӮ
ˢ
𱳺ĽͻȻתɳˢһҶĺֹǳͻأѸɱٵˡ
ҶߵķͻȻʸ˰ʩ͵ϮķɽϣһɽʸҲ黯ġ
Ҷ˿ѾڿƷɽѾ²һİɱҶһһüģϬ֮
ɽֵ
ˢˢˢ
ɽͼʸ裬չٴڷɽͼʸУûбԷĹС
ɻ֮֮ΪģһȦһȦɢ˷
ɱ߿գûɱԶ
գɱصǰ˾Ѿ˲Ƥˡ
Ȼħ壬˸ʮɸߵħħ죬ΪѾֻؾ
ҶЦͷųѹƣӲѲϢѹ˻˰벽ֻؾʮİԵ֮
ߣߣһץסŰѽеһѻƽ𽣣ǵĳҶ壬ӽ¡
ҶΧɻ֮ͻ֯ں۳һɣ͵ĳĽųʮ
һɫ΢䣬֮֮ںϣȻԱ˿¡
ЦһһץסŰѽŰѽȻںһʮɳĻƽ޽ɻ֮ע˽УȼһƣʵẠ̊́ɻ֮
ɱ
ֳ־޽ɱҶ塣
Ҷѻ֮ӳ˫ϣҲɱ˳ȥ

˵Ľٴײǧ𻨣ҫ֮
ʯ֮䣬Ѿ佻ʮһ
ͻȻһʽֲУ񷶼˺ɫ𶯲ֹ
Ҷ޾壬İֽŸɫͬʱɳձɫѹȻŤ
Ӿ㤵Щֵж󣬸ôԶҲ
䣡
һ𶯰˻ϵľصŸɫƵĽУѹϣѪˣ岻ϱСͨ˴С
һЦһȭҶ壬粨һŤЩŤɢֱҶ壡
Ҷʩչˣ
ͬʱһһĳ嫵ӿסһĹԭŤҲָƽ
һѵڹƽ𣿡Ц
壬ΪǱ𣿡һЦ֮ɫ
ɫ䡣
а̾ʲôıҶɫ䡣
¡¡
һȻֻԺĵȻѿţԺһأķڱ˵֮¡
Ҷɫ䣬а̾ȻѾԺֱӸӡˣ
壬֮սǣֻΪ˰ѡ㾫ԺĵѾ;Ժһ𱻷ӡʱڸ޷ƿӡʲôǶһЦ
Ժգ𣡡
һʧһ˱һұд˴Ӵзɳֲѹϴ
ˣɫ䡣
ˣǾа̵󻤷ÿ˵սһֻǿ


594 Ԯ
а󻤷ͬʱ֣ûеľԺǾа̵Ķ֡
嵱Ѷ컯šƽ̣ԬƾҲͬʱѶ˸ɵƽ̺Ժ
Ϣת˲֮ʹɣ
ʥ֮أսӵ˴Ѷɫ䣬Ҳûʹŵĸǳš
ȻǸոճţһʮɳͭìͻȻɱìʵ̫죬ŵǿǾȻ㡣
Σͷս˰ϸֳһϽɫսףϢȻֱӳԽֻؾԲֲϢʹΧĴضһ³
սʹצһֱצƿն볤ìײ˺ѿһƵĿռѷ죬ռ籩˷
սȻס˳ìȴҲĺ˼
ЩŵĳϿսȻˣ޲𾪣Ҫ֪˿̵սǴŵĵϽסΪѾԽֻؾ
ħ
սɫص̧ͷǰŵĳҲ̧֮ͷȥֻǰʮ֮վһɫףħƣֳͭìĴ󺺡
СӣԺٹܣղɱ䡣
ǱսΪħĴ󺺹ЦһЦΧĿռͻȻŤܲסЦŵĳҲЦ³һѪ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
սȻû£ɫȴüأħǵڼ
ħڰ𣡡ħЦ
ŵĳǾɫ䣬˾Ȼֻǵڰ
ȻǿδܵסҡսЦ
ڰһЦҺα㣬ֻҪߣţ
սɫ䡣

ͬʱ׺֪ԺаΧϢҲϴǿ뿪;ԺѾ˼϶ȴؼʱӲΪ֪ԺҲΪʱԶ
׺ǿ߷ɳʱһɫսףòӢħǰһɽϣߵĵϲһѺɫ޽
ħħɢԲǧɡ
ˣ׺ɫ䣬ȫפ㣬ǰߡȻһɳһ˳ꪣ֮ϻꪷɵ׺ǰꪼңָԶħ
ͻȻɳĳꪣĵꪣ
ؽţֻҪǲȥﾫԺǲǳֵġǸħꪣЦ
׺ħߵĺɫ޽ɫص˵Ӧħɣ
ħЦ㵹м
ˣȻħѩ
׺ɫһ֪ԼȥԮȾԺȶ⵽֣֮ΪһŵȥѩضѪϴ

ͬһʱ䣬ʦԺԺҲ⵽ħأħǵգ
ʦԺɳס˼գҲ޷ȥԮȾԺˡ
⣬컯űһ˵ķˣҲȥԮȾԺǵĽ̵ķ
ɱа̸ʱа󻤷Ѿа̽ںҶ˼ս
䡭
쳹ϣ󻤷Χ塢Ԭƾˡ
˽֮⣬󻤷ˣѾֻؾԲֻͨؾԲ߸ӿ¡ӵľԺ󻤷֮һ⡣
ٺ٣壬ָɵ˻ǣ쾫Ժһ޼½ϳһЦ
ߣߣֹһ档
һЦһӭȥս
Ԭƾ˱Ĵ󻤷ΧǳлͶʵ̫ǿȻͬĶģǽȴȫ·硣
ĲֻнˣԶֺ;а̵ֻؾǿΧ޺۹ӺƵˣƵҲ·硣
սԬƵˣǸղˣսҲǳΣա
Ҷ屾ȥսˣʬȴɱ
ٺ٣ɱ㣬ͣɱֱˡʬЦһӣһɫҶ塣
Ҷʩչնյıܿʬ˵Ĺʬ˿ֻؾһ˥ΪΪҶ岻ֹһȻĽ֣ҶʤʬˣʬҲռʲôˡ
СӣʬаЦʮ˾ʬƳɵĿܣÿֳܶһɫҶ弲ȥ
Ҷͷųʮ˸ȫˣʮ˸סκ󣬳˻Уʱܵ˻֮Ĺǵʵ̫ӲǻһʱҲݻٲ˿ܡ
ÿһ糱ˮӭĻ֮Ҷ壬ǾȻסҶ塣
ҶЦͷסŰѷɽնɱȫɽնϡ
Ȼʱʮ˸ϺȻͷų񱩵ϢǵͻȻͣͬʱըҶڱը룬ʱըŨ֣֪
һĻʬ˹ЦϴϳֶûҪû뵽Ȼϡ
ɱң»ʸ񣿡ҶļЦŨд
ʬɫ䣬ʱŨɢȥʥͼʬǰԭҶʥͼУûˡ
Скܶ౦½˷統Сû취ʬһ
ವһҶʥͼгʩչɱʬˡ
ʬЦһǽʬȭҶ壬졣
Ҷûסȭͷһȭӭȥһ˶ĺ˼
СӵȻ֮ǿʬľʬڵ壬ȾƷҶȻܺӲӲβ
֣ҲҶĳһȭ
ҶһЦ̤һȭɱצƿգֱʬȥ
ʬЦʬȭһĻƯȭͷ˻
ȭཻҶ岻ĺ˼
ʬ˵ΪϾߣռϷ硣
ҶЦͷųסʬˣʬ˵Ϊʱ䵽˳ֻؾѹסʬ˵ΪҶȭɱʬˡ
ʬһòȭֵ
䡭ȭȭײɱҡ
Ҷ忪ɵֺ֣ϻϹʬˡʬ˵ΪҶߣȻǳǱ
ʬаͻȻθߣһ罩ʬʮɾˡ
ʱҶ˱
ʬЦΪ̫ͣ츳ǿҲҵĶ֡
򲻹ҿߣҶһЦͻȻʩչ׹ݶߡ
ߣʬЦ׷ɱȥסҶȥ·
ʬһȭҶͷ­
Ҷ¶֮ɫͻȻУһʬ˵ȭͷ
ʬ˵һҽУ󽣰ʬ˵ȭͷ룬ʬ˵İֱۡ


595 治
ʬŶϱˣͬʱŵĿҶе֣ôܻе֣
ҶûлشʬˣЦһٴμʬˣ˾Ÿɫ֡
ֽ
ôʹİֽӿֲʬ˶ʱоΧԪδأ粽Сʬ˵Ĺͷ죬һͱúͨһС
۵һʬ˱Ÿɫɣ³һѪ
Ҷ屾ûɱʬˣһ˳־ʬˣʬ˵ľȻתֵˡ
ǺǣʬȻСӶԸˣǶаϵתֵЦ
֣˫֣ʬһֵ
תֵɫ䡣
ҶĿһתֵ˱ʬǿ࣬תֵѾǰ£˵תֵˡ
Ȼɫ΢䣬룺תֵ˲ڶԸ޺۹𣿡뵽ĿԶԶһɫ𶯣ƺ˱档
һĺħžɢҶɫ䣬еˣȻħӺ޺۹ӣɫ䲻ǵȻԶһľƷǿ󣬷Ҳסֻؾ˥ǿߡ
ҶԶȥơ䳤ٺаͬʧˣԭսĵطҲһɫȻҲа̵˲֪ʹʲôС
һ۷սȻȫʱֻ¸޷
ֺ༸ϲù˼޺۹ӵˣԷĶԸྫԺֻؾߡھԺĴ󲿷ǿ߶Ѿֵش˶ˡ
Ҷصǣսͼ˱ΧҲ˶ˡ
Ҳں󻤷ԡѪɱԺĵӣҲͬа̺ɱ˲أа̺ʵ̫࣬ԺĵܳŵѾ
Ҷһҧʩչս˶ȥΣյǼˣֻȥＧˡ
ȥҸطˣҶ彻ң
תֵ촽׷ȥҲɱҶ빦
תֵ׷ȥʱҶѾɵ˼ߣһȭڹѩ
ЦһɫҶ壡
Ҷ޾壬۳һɣ˺ɫ
ʱѩ֪ʱӵҶ屳ͻȻֹҶ塣ЦһҶһӭȥһѩͼⶼĺ˼˭Ҳûռˡ
ҶĿһʥͼüķɳ֣ˮֺͽײˮײѩŲԶںս轻ֵĵͷȥ
䣡
͡ѩƺһõ˼
ҶԸ͵˵ʱתֵ˷˹
ҶĿһʥͼеϲ˳
˽ϷУȥ˰ɡϲ˵ֱתֵ˶ȥ
ϼһתֵȣɱϲˡ
䣡ɱ
ͬʱҶҲٴδ߶֡ˮֺͽֹˡ
˼ֵסҶĹ
ҶֵˣкսֻҪԸа̺֣ѹҺü⣬Ѿǰؾаˣս˵ĴȻǳ
ಣҶľٳԣľڵħˮɺֶԸѩͬʱ߶̹ͺˡ
ͺȻǿҶʥͼһжȻ·硣
ߣŭˣħ壬ʹħĻֺͽϣֺͽ˵һҶ塣
ŭ˫֣Ҳײˮɡ
ҶЦ˹ȥŻס˵ͺѹס˵Ϊٴδ߶̹ˣԴԴϵԪעУ̵ʱ޿̶ά۷塣
ͺԽսԽһôһֱ߶ı
Ǵ߶ԼľƷҲҪԪʯʹãҶȻˡ޼ɵĴ߶βȴ֪ʥͼдҺԪҶõĴ߶ʱȱԪ
ȻҶֿɵ֣֮ϺƺƵϯֱ͵Ͷȥ
֮֮֯ںϣ˲˼ƻͺڱӦʥͼԸ޷ȫֵʱںϺƻѪ
Ҷ屾ûش͵ͣԶȻһ죬ĿһʱлһƣܽѾľɱ¾ǰȻɳ˺ԶһѪ
Ҷ֮ʣͺ˳˻
ҶϾˣĵǽƣֻסΣɫȻǳ԰ףϢȴң˵Ȼˣȴ̫ء
ûˣҶ˿
תͷ͵ͣҶЦɵ֮Բ϶Ǿа̸Ĺ˵ûɣ
սʱҽ̵ĸ־ſڵţΪ˷ֹǡЦھԺûеƾˣԺֻʱĳ̶ѡ
ҶĿһȻȥɱˣȻ޻Һ޺۹ӵģ
ǺǣҪȥǵĽˣЩܿɲܹ֪ġЦ
ǻ˵ģҶЦ߶ײˣԼ֮󣬳͵ˡ
ҾͲţֻԸ㣡ߣһ֣ɱҶ塣
˵ǻҵģҶЦ󽣣һ˵͵ĳϣ˲䱻룬˵͵ơ
Ȼе֣
ɫ䣬æˡ
յסˮֺͽֵĹû͵ϮҶ壬ȴҶͻȻĵŵˣ˶֡
Ҷӽɨ籩滨ǵصնɱ͵Ͷȥ
ҶĹ˿Ҷһն£Ѿֱֻؾһ˥
ͺ˼ҿ֣ȫֵ
䣡䣡
ͺƺһԵ֮Ľĺˣֱ۷飬Ѿղеı
ûǷӦҶѾ嵽ǰûסǣԴ˷ӿĻ֮Ǽæתֵ֮
ҶһնһɲǼǰæñֵһıء
ûˣ㿪һ
ͬʱҲûߣԶȥ
Ҷ屾ȥ׷ͺˣһֲѹ٣ѹһЦԺһһˡ
˶̧֣ͣͷŸ߿գѪ죬գһ˴Ѫ߳
ˣɫ䡣
ϣҶͬΪ֮ɫ䡣


596 ѩ
ͻȻֵѪˣȻǾа̴ϣ
һ֣ȫʵ̫ǿ
ϸҵĸоͺǰһǻԪʱֻؾһҶо𣺡϶ҳ֣ұɣ
壬Լѡ񣡡Ц
Ժֻս֮ˣЦ
ߣ֪ôһһӣ֮ԶȻֵضûоͱȷɣѪ
ڳޱɫ䣬а̽Ҳ𾪲ѣϾȻ֪Ϻǿȴûϳ֡
ɨӽˣٸһλᣬ
ʦԺ֮ˣ᳼а̣Ц
ߣڤ粻飡ߣһȭһŤЩŤϣһǰĹͷѣ˲ĵ
ԬƾȥסǴЦһһӣԬƾʱʮѪ
ʱҲסΣڴڵ³ѪȻѾˡ
ԺڵӵĶʱȥǿĴϣ˭ܵУ
Ȼϳס䳤ٵ˵ĺɫȥһץɫͻȻСɵ˵У䳤١алɡ
Ͽ䳤٣Ц䳤٣ѵĲǹɱ㣡˵ţָ̽ץ䳤١
Ҷͽɫ䣬־䳤٣κѾˣϵĳʵ̫죬Ҳֲ̫
ߣɱҾԺˣûʹң
һЦ֪ӺδδӦһŮͻȻ䳤ǰһָϵơ
䣡˺ѣһɫѷֺ֣ܿ£
˾㤣ÿµȻն˺ˡ
֣䳤ǰİŮӣЦȻҲһǵ꾫Ժ֮һ
忴ŮӣɫĽеѩ̣
ŮӺҲĮԲϣһ˼ҺһƯŮΪѩ̡ǹ졣
ȷʵܴΪѾ˰ǧ꣬ǹȻʦãѩ裡
һѵǳԽֻؾ𣿡ҶȴϵĻ
ʱѩЦԺƾ㻹ʸ񣡡
һЦȻԺû㵽˵ƣһ˺ᦳС
ӭһչᦻһ󣬳ǧֻںεأĽ
һЩ־˵ЩǴң˷ӡ
ѩһ䡣
޺۹ӵȫһ
ҶɫأѾôǿ˿еܵУ
ҾаǧƳĵĻᦣһ¶棬û뵽ȻѪ
аЦҡĻᦣᦲϱգɱѩȥ
ˣܲģ弱æҶ˺ˡ
а󻤷Ҳаˣ˿̲ˣ󻤷ҲҪꡣ
˸ո˱ܿĻᦾյѩ衣
ѩ̧˫֣һͷų˻棬һͷų˱ѩѩɢɢǧɿȻûֹͣ
Ȼͱѩڶ𣬽֯һ籩Ļϡ
¡¡ĳ˷
Цѩȥÿһ嶼θһɣȻһѪİɾˡ
󣬴˫Ļᦣ͵ĻӶɨѩ衣
ѩߵĻ滯һѩһֻײĻϣ˴ϡ
Ϊ൱ûеҵĶ֣ϼЦһĻᦣһĻᦣֱӰѻĻ
ٴλӶĻᦣһֻֻĻзɳѩ裬ѩʱĻİΧУӰ
˵Ͼ¶֮ɫ
ͻȻЩΧסѩĻ걻ᣬڲȼ˻ҽ
ѩǰһ̣ѩͻȻʧ
𾪡
ѩ̫ħ󣡡Ȼ˵
Ҷ˿ȥѩȻ֪ʱȻ˴ϱ
ǽţٴһͻȻһ߳Ҳƾʧ
û˷ӦѩҲ֮ʧ
˾ʧǰ
ǳԽֻؾ֮ӵеֶ𣿡Ҷľ
䣡
һͻȻ˶ĿȥѩʹͬʱԶ
ãѩˣɫ䡣
ҶĿȥѩϹȻѾѪȾ죬ɫҲǳ԰ס
ٺ٣˵Ϊ൱ϧûеҵĶ֡аЦĻΪǹѩ衣
ֻһ£ѩƺҲûܣ𾪵ǣѩգͻȻĺɫնȫĻᦴƵġ
ǿһ֮еȻڡ
Ҷ忴Žʵʲô
δüشҶĻ䡱һ촫
Ҷ峯ŴϺѩڴȥֻѩĺ˼ֱĻᦻˣİ´벿ֶѾѪȾ졣
Ļ֣ԲҵĶ֡аЦͻȻʧ
ѩһҲƾʧ
˼ˡ
һ̣ͻȻǰһѩоȻһľҶͽľһģһ
Ҷͽ֪˽ضǹȻ͸ġ
Զȥ򣬾Ϊѽ𣿡Ц

˺Ȼʥ֮䣬Ǹٸ򣬼ֻؾȫٸȥҲҪµʱ䣬һصĻҪһꡣ
˸ղžȻѾȥ˱ʵڲġ
ҶҲò˼顣
ԭѩһֱڱѹҲ
ƾѽӮеĻᦣЦϼЦٴμĻᦹѩ衣
ѩľľϲһȦȦѩһȦȦ棬ͱѩϽ棬ŷֲƻ
˿ֻһУȴ˺ѿѷ죬Ȼһɵġ
ȻѪڷɽ
Ѫѩ裡
а̵˶Цˣսϱʤɡ
Ҷ䳤ٵ˵ɫء
Ҫѩ̿ԶõϾԲѩ̵Ķ֣峤̾;ԺѾа̷УһʱҲ
ԺʥǰʥͼܰæҶȻڣʥͼ
ȻͲ²Ҷӵʥͼ˿Ҷ˵ڣǻǲһ
ʥͼ̫أѾûԶԶȲϵʥͼҶֵ
ڵʥͼҲԵֵڵʥͼѩ̼ɱ̫ħҲԱŵ˵
Ͱʥͼѩ̣ץסʥͼϴ֪ѩʥͼ¡
ѩͻȻʧԭء
һ̣ߣץʥͼʧٴγֵɲǣȻֻص˴ǰ
һж̫죬Ҷ˷ӦʱѩѾʥͼϼս


597 սϹ
ʥͼѩĴ߶£磬䣬סĻᦵĹ
ҶСӵĶȻûҶȻĵõʥʥͼɫ䣬Ѿ²ҶõʥʥͼҶõʥͼ
֮ҪץҶ壬һԭΪҶϵʥͼʥͼѾǰԾа̵ĵ̣Ȼȫ޸ȴҲʥͼǿԶһ
ٺ٣ʥͼܵһԵĵѾûеǿµĹϿѩ裬Ц㼴ʥͼҲȲ˾Ժ
˵ţһչĻᦣᦲ죬ѹѩ衣
ʥͼѾǰҲᲢ۵ģѩЦʥͼʥͼٱĻײһ
䣡
һ죬ʥͼĻײ֮ռ˺ѣѷ켫ӿһڿеľ޴
ٴκˣһЩ˵ˣ˲䱻ռ籩ɱ
ߣߣĻᦼ趯Ļͬʱ籩ˣϯѩ衣
ѩ޾壬߶ʥͼִʥͼзɳͷų¹⣬Ļȫ¹ⶳᣬͬʱԲǧڵĵҲһıѩããһƬ
Ҷ𾪣Ϊֵѩб˿£
ʥͼѩ̶սʤ̫ħĴ
ͻȻѩ̼ˮֺͽ֣ͬʱϡȫֵĻߣ˻ޱȡ
䣡
ֱɣײǧɿĴϣķѣһ׵ѷ죬صҽӿǧߡ

һ죬ˮײڴߵϣհݣ˺ѿɫĿռѷ졣
˾㤲ѣҪײԼϣԼʮҲɡ
һֻؾԲҲȻ𾪣ǾȫֵҲͬǱɡ
䣡
ѩʹ϶һƺһˣͬʱʧӰ١
һ̣ͷϷ֮ϴһ¡죬ȫ̧ͷȥֻӰƾճ֣ٴν֣ʥͼĻٴײ˺ѣĺĻ衣
սϹ֣ϺȻһ
ѩսĳһ¾Ժĸˣ
һЦѩ豳𣬽һɫսףݴĴƾճѩһȭѩ裬ɫսϯ˷񷶼ˡ
˵۾һʹȫ˫ۡ
䣡һ˲Ż˫Ŀ˵϶¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ѩѾʧѩԭ֮ݶ£˺ѿѷһ޴ޱȵȭӡ
ԶһŮͻȻ֣ѩ裡
ǵ꾫ԺţȻܱܿսĳһȭսϹЦ
սȻôµˣҶɫ䡣
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ڶսʱսϹѾʧ𣿡Ҳܾɡ
ûʧ٣һֱھа̣Ԭƾ˵
սϹ̫ħ֣ѩ̵Ĵǳɫء
˵ʱսϹЦһƾʧһͻȻѩǰһȭսڣǧƥѩ衣
ͬʱҲɱѩĻᦼĻ죬ɱѩ衣
ѩ踹ܵУ
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սϹ޾ѩĹսǿӭȥսȭÿȭնһŤݡʹаص䡰ѪѪ֮һѪɱѩ衣
䣡
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սսǿޱȣսϹǳɹĿһս֮ǿѾǷ켫ѩԶԶȲսϹ
һȭѩսϹЦǵıѩ裬սȭٴκս罣Ĵ䣬աͬʱʩչħ֣Ӻ󷽹ѩ衣
ѩʥͼסսϹսȭͬʱתһնħ֮ϣնħ֣ԼҲֱ۷飬˺˼
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ߣѩһϢǣ嶥仨
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ʩչ۶֮ѩϢսϹʹϣֲѡ
ΪԽߣʩչ۶ĵԪԽ࣬Ѱ·ϼЦ
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ѵû취𣿡һԺĳϽ˵
˳Ĭûܰﵽѩ衣
Ȼѩͷ侫֮ɢѩϢ
սϹЦһȭѩ裬ѩʥͼֵȻɣһԶϣغ¡һݶ£ѷһȦȦص
ת˲֮䣬һǧӱǰ
ѩվ룬ɫ԰֮Ȼ³һںѪڵϣ˺˼վȡ
Ҷͽ˴󾪡
ϸѩ裬ЦԪ񣬻ΪĻᦵ꣡
ҪѪսϹ촽
ѩȻһЦȻ̧ͷգȵ˲ҪĿžԺ𣿡
а˾㵣ں˭˵
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һ̣˲ûпѩ棬Ϊи˲֪ʱѩߣץѩеľЦʦãԺĪҪԼЦ


598 
ץסѩľǸʮ꣬ٵˣͨûаߵϢѾɢ˶еĸϢ
ˣҶ𾪵˵ͻȻֵ˾Ȼǡ
ȴܾɡƺʶǽƺϳ˰Ͼ¶˼֮ɫ
ϺսϹһۣǵı飬ƺҲʶ
ؼøⰲ
㡭ˡѩĻؼ
˲һΣ֪塭Ϊѩɾ촽ϵѪ˭㣿
ѩ̧ͷŴϺսϹ
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ҲսϹʹϡ
ǣ˭˵ңѩЦ
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а̽ɫ䣬ϼһǲǷˣȻҪɱ˴Ϻս棡
ɱңƾҲ䣿սϹЦ
ȴ˼¶˿־֮ɫ
û˵
߳˵һϢͻȻǣߣϵҲʧһ֣ʮһ
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˾ɫ䣬Ͼš
㡭䡭
սϹͫһĺ˼ƺϳ˰
ո˵䡱֣Ѿ֡
ָ죬ָᴩգһǧ೤Ŀռѷ죬սϹüģʣ̫ԵᴩնȥҲ֪ȥĶ
һսϹ
ǰսϹж֮ɫ
Ȼݡ
תߣһƾʧ
߳˵岽Ҳʧǰ

һ̣ʥߣ򣬴ƾճ֣
ͬʱ䣬Ҳ֣֮ץ˴ϣߵݣѹϣ̶ãϴеѾˣң
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һжڵʯ֮䣡
ǳľȻǸɫ׵ħӥǣֳʮɳǳ־´ϵˣȻҲǸħ˰̡
ĿȺֳֳħа̵ħɨڣӰаǼȻˣ޼ӦҲ˲Ŷԡ
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ƾճڰһɫ۵ˣǾа̽ģһͬҲħᣬȷ޼ħϢҪֲ
ŷߵħЦû뵽ǵΪȻ̶ֳָȡ
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˵쵤ҪѪҩԭ֮ǰȥѨץѪ֮ΪƲ쵤
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ԶĴһ鴤Ҳƽӹʲô
£ϼҾа̣ǿԱ֤ԾԺ֣ԺպΪһɣЦ
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ͷųɻ֮ҴϸȡһѺɫ󴸣˴Ϊ죬ǵ겻֪ɱ˶ǿߡ
޼ȡ乭ĹΪɲ֮ͬʱаһѾ޴ޱȵ䵶䵶ͨڣͷų쳣ǿϢ
ǵǵڵڶսʱܵشȲϻȵӰеӰͬҲҲܵش
ĴħͬʱΧĴǳοҲڡ
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аЦͻȻθߣҲħ壬Ϣǡ
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ʳָָſ̵һǴƣ֮ƣоԱֵסµĵơ
£㲻һ֣
а֪ʱ˰󣬸߾䵶˰
ûкˣһס˷аĵ̵䵶Ӵ֮˺ѡ
ʼգվԭأ߶벽
ʱ޼Զһ֧ɫʸ˰źɫ磬֮ռݡ
Ȼû
ۿʸֳһѿ̵˿̵̵ЮŹ֮ٶȼ죬˼ʸ֮ϡ
䣡
һըʸ飬Ŀ̵գһֱӳ˷޼ü֮ǰ
޼һƾʧ
Ŀ̵ڷ޼ʧ֮ըѿһڶþ޷£
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ֵɲǣڰķаҲ֣һ򰢹ıġ
䣡
촸˵ϣرѣִѷӿֱ֮⣬һӺȻ֡
ͬʱаĵգձնѣһĿռѷڿС
Ȼʧˡ
ĿһͬʱͬһȥǸиˣǰ˭
ӵйӵ伫٣仰Ȼ١Ц


599 ڰ
£޵еġ
һЦһӣʾ޼ٴΧס
޼Ӱаƾʧһ̣˷ֱڰĶϱĸ
Ц죬ǱϾˣӵа֣ٶδػ١
а壬ӵа֣ӵѪ֣ӵɻ֡ӵа֮ˣٶȾˣ͹ȣǵٶвȴҲ̫Զ
չ٣ɱ˰
ͬʱľ촸Ʋžһ
ͬʱΧĿռͻȻŤ˺ѣܲסĴħĹ
޾壬Ź۳ĵǧɵâֱӭ˷˵ĵ
䣡
â͵ײײ֮ռ飬䡣
ͻȻ󲽱һ򰢹
ˣ۳һɽ˺촸ϣһ죬úһͬʱĵٴμĸͬķɱ򰢹򰢹ҲٴλӴ򰢹
ħһʯ쾪
Σͷٴͷųס˻ˣ˵϶¶֮ɫƾεеù֣
Ȼһ̣˵ɫˡ
ֻͷųһֺɫγĶԱȡ
ڡڰ𾪡
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ڰ͹ͬʱɢһȦڰһȦϯ˷
˵ֱӵС硣
ڰȻԵˣֱѹƻǿߵС硣
ѹס˵Ϊ󣬰չƣѿ̵Уѿ̵ͬʱϼӳŹڰֱ֮˶ȥ
ɫ䣬æ˺ͼѹͺڰ֣ͬʱҲ׷׼ֵķɵ

죬ѷɵ˵ĵײɵȫ飬Ҳɳ˺Զ
ܣкڰĻǧǰΪʲôãͷĵ˾ɡ
û˵ͷų˹ͺڰϽ棬ٴϯˡ
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֣Ҷɫ˵Ƶ˾ȻȫڰǰӯĽе棬ڻˣ
ྫԺĵӼĽеݼ棡
Ҷ嶯ݣȻǸɵӡ
޺۹ӡеҲ׷׶ݡ
Ӵ䣬йڵصȫһ͵ĹâŹâûڣЩ˵ˣָ̻˴롣
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⡭ǹ𣿡䳤ɫ䣬ԼҲй밢Ĺʵ̫ˡ
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ʦԺ档ѩ˵
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䣡
һ죬ھԺϷķıԺڴػԺֳǰ
뾫Ժ
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΢٣ɨֻؾǿߣЦ˵ŰѾȶߣ˼æȥ
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Ҷ忴ս裬Ҳ֪꾿ʲô£Ϊʲô뿪Ժ
꾿ʲôҲֻ̫ǵùͻȻŹ뿪˾ԺһֱûлԺս˵
ǰΪʲôᷢ񣿡Ҷüʵ
սҡҡͷԭҲ
˾¶ɻ֮ɫ

ͬʱ˿̻Ѿص˾а̳
а̳ĳи޴ѪأѪϷƯ꣬һѪѪҺңѪϷҲϱС
곤аҲӢɫ԰ס
ѪԱߣǶź꣬ȴû˵
ãǸ껺ڣǵı飬ƺչĲǺ˳
˵磬ǵļƻʧˡ
Ź˰ǧѣ޼½ȱݵĵطµΪҲ̫ࡣ˵֣ɱ
˵ԭ˫
˫Ŀһ˵˹֮⻹ʲô
ڰһֵ
Ĭˣ֮̾ͺڰѹɱ
ͺڰʮ֮һ˵ܹ档˵Ϊʲôͬʱӵ
ǧǰ²ûʹڰûв´޷úڰ͹棬Եֻù
Ҳ˵Ѿˡĵɫ䣬ʮһ˾Ȼ֣ǰ⣬˭Ķ֣
ΪָܳܵļޣұȥаЦڰ֮ˣжǿҺڴ
˶Ժʮ㣬Ϊħһħ죡
ڶսʱ򣬰ʦԼĸףǿ֣Ϊ۲شӡ˴ˡ
֮ǿΪһ



600 컯
Ժ
Ҷս˱̸۹ȻΪͻȻ񣬰ΪδȻȥȻƾճǰ

ǰ
棡
Ҷ˷׷װݼ
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ڳ˵Уս衢СԬơ桢ʢ⣬ȫǰ벽ֻؾߣлͻƵֻؾȻҶҲлᣬСֻڶѣֻؾԶ
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ЦѨ˵ͷųסˣȫƾʧ
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뾲ļһ˺һ
ɫ䣬ﵽ˺һľʵ̫ѣԺԺҲûдﵽ
˺һ֮⣬Ժĵ伮ϻţﵽ˺һֻؾߣԴ֮ͻƣӶΪ컯ǿߣսɫ
Դ֮
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ҸطԪ֮ضܰȫԲǡЦ
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Ҷ壬ɫ˻ԪصĺģҪͻ󾳣ѶǱ˵ʮ
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601 Ԫ
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ضڣҶѾѽɫԪ֮ȫգϸѾţʼת䣬һһģһˣԪ
ʼʱԪ񡱷ǳСֻаƴСתԪ֮ԪԽԽԪúͳ˴С졣
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ҶȣһڹϣžһȾ͵˵ϣպ
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ϣɱҶЦ
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ҲϲɱŮˡҶһЦ˾ˮ˹ȥ
˾ˮ̾ϧ

Ҷ뿪˱ͨص˾Ժ
صԺʱ򣬰δҲ֪ǳɹش˻ûС
⿴Ҷ壬ʵ𣿡
Ҷͷ
˵ʲôƾճǰ
ȫŰˣɹûУ
ҡҡͷ̾ȥа̳ʱѾˡ
ɫ䣬а̾Ȼܶˡ
뿪ǡ˵쵱ȷʵأʱָȻ
ڸҲʲôطֹ˻ָΪüһ
ٺ٣ħѾָ˰˳ɣǾҵħҲֻ·һ
ȻһϵЦԺ
ģ
Ȼɫ䡣
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ѵľھԺҶɫ΢䡣
Ĳڸõľа̵ﴫڡ
˻Ȼ
£컯ǧ˰ѾȫץߣǵĻһĵط
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˴󲿷ֶУ컯ŵĵӾȻȫץˣ֮䲻нΪ컯ŵûӵԺ


605 Դ
ɻ컯ŵĵΪʲô֪аץߵʱ˵а̵Ӧþķ񱮷ס컯ŸĿռ䣬Ȼץ컯ŵˣ컯ûе˵ĳִ󲿷ֶ뿪ˣԾа̲ܵ֡
ԣ佣ɫ䣬컯ŵǳƣа̻᲻Ҳѱץˣ
ǲûȥҶ˵ΪҸողŴӱ
佣˿ûҶΪʲôȥ
ʱȻ󰢹ȥ컯ŵˡ
ǰа̵ȥǣ϶⣡ͻȻڡ
ûǰа̵˾ûʲôģ˵
ţ˶ȰҪȥԼضоа̵Ȧס
ߣЦλĪҪ컯ŵĵȫаɱ𣿡
ղȰҪȥԼ˳Ĭˡ
˵ҶҲϣȥԼȥԼĻֻẮ˺ܶ˵ġакܶ˶֪ȥԼΣգҲȥ
ʦ֣ȥԣǱңȻǳ˵
ʦ֣Ҳһȥ컯ǿ˵
ЦˣߵĻǻסң
ǡȻ˵˰֣ʦܣѾ
ϸ磬ҸߣǻҲѷңһȥɡ˵
ûʦ֣ʦ־ͨ󷨣һȥɡѩɫ
Цŵ˵ͷԹȻ˵ʦܣ˵ţѾʧ
ȻĿһҲƾʧ
Ժ⣬ƾճ֡
ʦܣʥ㣬زϣó˴ʥݸ˹Ȼ
Ȼûнӣ˽Ҳܽӣ
ЦҲǵԼ£ҵεĿĲǶԸңǶȡʥ
Ȼɫ΢䡣
ʥĹһĶغ޼½İΣħ巢սΪľǶ˵ʥǴһԿף־ڱصãȻȫˣȴĴʥУĵģ
Ȼڽס˴ʥ
һЦʧ
һ̣䳡ϣ뿪˾Ժ
˶Ϊ˵
СģҶ忴Űȥķ
ͻȻȻҶߣ˵ģʦֲµģʦ뿪ƾǻסʦ֡
дʥа̵ǿҲԲǰĶ֡Ҷ˵
㲻ôʥʦߵĻҲסʦ֡Ȼʮ㣬԰ûģͲ氢ܴʥˡ
ʥֻʦֺϵܸһѣѴʥڵĻǵе˿ʩչʥطǰ˴ħҲǵĶ֡̾
ǧǰİѴʥҪĴʥûʧٵĻڰǧǰħ塣Ԭ˵
˼˵ʥʥʥԼһѣָĸʥһѣʥֳִʥҡ
ֻϧʥϾƵħĴʥǿʵ̫࣬ʥȻشħ壬ѴʥҲܵش޷޸
һѴʥʥʧʧȥټ
󣬵˵ڶսŵѴʥҲʧˡ
ѴʥҲǿʥĹһԿף
ʥĹһʲô󲿷˶֪ʥʧ֮ǰµ˵ƴһˣҲԲа̵˵õʥĹһĶ
ˣ˶ֻ֪ʥĹһһĶҹغ˥ھʲô֪
˵ħ֮ҪսΪ˵õʥĹһĶ棬ɱ¾ʥ´֮һȻҶ塣
Ҷɫ΢䣬˼˵ʧĴʥڼҺϣ
ͷ˵ʥ᲻ڼҵı棿
Ҷһŋָصļ˵ΪĳػŋָأѰҴ˵ġŋص䡷֣֣ǳ꾡Щݻǳһˣˡ
ˣпܾʥ
Ҷ²⣬ʥͬ׫дˡŋص䡷ɱ¾ʥת˼棬üѰҴˡ
ңɱ¾ʥпܻѴʥ˼棬˵İѴʥ˱档
ȰұȥұءҶ崫⡣
ͷʥֻе컯ǿϲܷӳӦңұ˵ʥ˵ܰа̡
Ҷͼ⴫ʱ򣬹ȻѾԸȻؾԺԺ컯ǿֱȥ֮أɵĵӴԺ
а̲֪ʲôֻɷ͵ϮΪԷһɵ˴Ժ
ǰֶͨ죬ԺɵľԶ˵ȴ㲻ʲôò˶ñܰɵĵӴԺһԺĳ˵
ҶԲ˲ǰѩʹϽֵΣ뵽Žʵ磬ϴ˵Ϊ컯ߺӵһʲô
˵ͻƵ컯֮󣬿ԺգЩ伮ϣΪ顯
顭Ҷ뵽˰ѩǷ˼ٶȣǡǶ
ԴֻؾߣͻƵ컯̾ҪԴʵ̫ѡ
磬ʲôǱԴҶʡ
Զգ˵ǰͻƵֻؾԲ֮ھԺ⿴˳ʱ˹Դ֮ƾԺնɢ
Ҷͼ⾡Ѿ֪ʱֻص£ǲЩݡ
常ֻؾԲʱ򣬾ɽɽ仯꣬رԴɽ붯ֵ
رԴҶͼãȻ
ǰֻؾԲʱ򣬹ʥ򼫱֮أ˥ܣ˸౾Դľࡣ
ǰ۾ʯһ֡Դ
Ԭǰһ֮Դ
ѩǰ䲻֪ںԴģҲ²⣬Ӧˮ֮Դ
̫ħӦѪ֮Դ
ĵһԴǷ֮Դ
Ҷɫ΢䣺һԴ
һԴȻڶࡣ˵ŵԴ컯ߵļ£ʱѾﵽ컯Բ
Ҷͼ⶯ݣһԴѵôߣҪŵﵽ컯Բʵ졣
常ıԴͲֹһĿһǰΪ常֮ϣ֪˼
ҶҲԽԽðһĸɽ


606 
ﶼ䱾ԴеıԴеıԴ˵һЩ˵ˮ֮Դ֮ԴбԴ֮ԴҪһЩԣͬһԴ컯Ҳǿ֮֡
ԴԽɹԽ󡣡ҶĿһͷ֮Դˣȷʵˮ֮ԴǿһЩȻ鲢ԣеʱ򲢲ѵԱԴǿ컯ߵǿ
Ҷһۣ뽣˵ȷʵ
һԣӵϵֺͳȻϵֻˣԴ˵ңͻƵĻпܾɱ¾Դ
Ҳ˵ӵлֵˣ֮Դӵбѩֵˣˮ֮ԴҶ˵
û˵ӵʮˣһͻƵ컯ͨ컯ǿһΪʮԴѰıԴ
΢٣ֵԴԴأıԴԽ࣬Խǿߺص϶ԽߣٶԽ졣
ͱԴǿͶйأҶɫ΢䡣
ͷǰ˹ԴӵͬԴˣٶȫȲ
꽣ĻҶͼ컯ֶһ˽⡣
ħ˴ħ꣬ĵڰħҲĵԴ˵Ҿ˵ħ͵ڶħѾ컯벽ѾҪͻƵһ硣
Ҷͼ⶯ݣͬʱʵ컯֮ʲô磿
ҡͷԴӵڶս󣬴ĵ伮٣Ҳ֪컯֮Ͼʲô磿常Ҳûи߹ң常Ӧ֪
սԽԽû䣬ĪǾΪԭ𣿡Ҷü˵
˵ûԴʮǰħճ޼½ʼ˵һս޼½ԽԽûˡ̾
Ҷɫһ䣬ħճ֣Īħ岻޼½ϵ壿
һ䣬Ҳ⡣
常˵ħһңԶĵطüʹ常ǸңԶطʲôط̧ͷ졣
Ҷͼɫ䣬ͬʱ̧ͷŲ񷡣
常˵ħȽ޼½ʱ˵Ҫ޼½ϵıػǵļ磡˵
ǵļ硭Ҷɫ䣬ǵļĪⲻɣ
ĵ˵ͷ˵ûǵļȷʵ⣡
Ҷͼһۣ𾪡
꽵޼½ħǿǿʥǵʱ򶼴·硣˵Щħֻħһֶѣʱħ嶼޼½޼½ħˡ
ħҶֿ죬üͷȻܽٵ޼½Ϊʲô֮ǲ
ҡͷ常֪ΪʲôԴӵһսħǿ߾Ҳû֪ǧǰ˴ħͻȻ޼½˺ܶħǿߡ
ڶ֮սҶɫ΢䡣
ûħǿߵڶν٣˵ڶ֮ս˵ʱǰ常ǵΪȲȫ·磬ǰĴ۲ŷӡ˰˴ħ
˴ħӳˣΪѾָ˲١Ҷ˵
常ǲ֪ΪûжԷĶ֣˴ħҲˡü
ҶͼҲɻ󣬵ƾһˣԲǰ͹ǰǵĶ֡
꣬ǴӦħϾɱ
һ̾ϢȻصҶ˶ߡ
Ҷתȥ̾Ϣ˾ȻǹȻ
Ϊ˷ӡ˴ħҪħħҪ컯ߵԪ񣡵һսʱǿ߷ӡ˲꣬ЩǰΪ컯ϣʺƷħ
ЩӡĵصǳΣֻʮ˲֪ǺЩȴһӵɻֵŮˣֻʣֻֻ꣬ħ
ʱʦָ컯꣬컯죬ʦ츳ˣȻֻǿֵסڰħħˡͰ˴ħֵֻʦǰǱħѰ˴ħȫӡ
ƶһƻȰѷħûԵĵȻֱѰ˴ħħԼԪΪƷΪħ飬÷ħɱΪĵ
ħûκιǴķӡ˴ħӡ޷ʱƣǵľԪڱĥǱɣ
׼ԼԪˡʦǡ
˵ȻϾʹ֮ɫ
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ѿµʲô
Ǹ̵꣬ʦǱ׼ԼԪŮˡ֮Ի֪ʲôطҸģȻȻһЦ
Ҷɫ䡣
ҺʦһʶȻ˻䡣
Ҷ˳Ĭˡ
ӡ˴ħɱȻЩЦ
Ҷ̾
ʦǰʦֺ˵ҪħϾɱȻ̾ǧǰҺʦǣڣֺ塣
常˵ȻȻһ֣Цģеãҿɲ벻
Ҷ̾
ȻֻˡȻȭа̣а̾ԲƿħΪοħ֮⣬ֻ
ˣ
Ҷ𾪡
ҺʦֶûϵȻħġħħˣԪת𣬾֮ڣһͻָԭļ䡣
Ȼ֮̾ǰѾԤıҺʦֿ¶ˡ
Ѿа̵ˣҶɫ䡣
˶ֻ֪а˴ħ޼½ȴָ֪Ӱ˴ħʵһŮȻ̾ҺʦҲû뵽ǸѪմŮӾȻħͳ˧
Ҷٴζݣ˾ȻܵһŮӵָӣŮħǺֵλ
ħ޼½˵ħڵĵλضȻ˵ϧҲݣħ徿Ǹʲô壬ǵļʲôطҲһ֪
常ǽ޼½Ϊ˴ʥĹһĶǶʲôͻȻʵ
ҶͼҲĿŹȻ
Դʥʧٺ˭Ҳ֪ʥĹһ澿ʲôĶȻд˵Ƕ˳Ϊ

Ҷһгҩ
ֻǴţھǲģû֪Ȼ˵
Ҷ룬Īħ޼½ΪĪеĳҩ
ҺʦϷɣ뿴ܷܲɵħļ磬ʧˡȻ̾ǱεĹ裬ԽϷɣĸԽ۷һᱻЩεĹʳ촷ۡ


607 ج
Ҷ𾪣ȻҲ޷ɳ޼½
ʦƲ⣬޼½Ӧóʲô⣬˲ųȥȻü
Ҷʳʲô⣬һͻȻƾճǲԶֱӹ˵ϡ
ͻȻֵˣȻСͯ˿̵ɫ԰ףЩѪϢңȻ˲塣ȻˣҶ͹Ȼɫ䣬
ͬʱѩ컯ǿ߸ӦˣҲƾճ֡ˣҰûлʱͻȻһֲĸо
ʲôˣȻǵʵ
ҧʦֱסˣ
Ҷ͹Ȼɫ䡣
뿪ʦҲᱻа̲õĴСε
ȥʦ֣Ȼ
Ҳȥƴ˼ͬʱڡ
ʦֵΪ㱻סҲʱ֮ǡҧ֮ƴӻΪ˻ȡʥȥƵǸסʦֵĴ󣬴ʥ֮Ч
ʦֲдʥ𣿡ѩȻ
ʦֵĴʥϡȻҲʦֵģӦðѴʥʦ֣
ѩץŹȻ֣ھȥʦ֣
Ȼͷ
а̵Ĵ󲻼򵥣һѴʥƿ󡣡ɫȥʥĹҲȥԿ԰ʦ־ȳ
а̵˻ĸط𣿡ƴͻȻ
ǿ϶ڣΪõʥ˵ǰͲȥʦ֣óûߴʥ
ʥıߣҲֻѴʥ޷ʥĹһ㡣ƴ
ڹܲôˣȰʦ־ȳҪѩҧ촽
²˳٣ھͳȻɫ
ѩʦã£ƴȻڣԺҪһִ֣
ѩ΢䣬ûΣԺҲҪһִ֣ƴ͹ȻˣɫСģ
Ȼ˵ͷ
ǰ֪ɱ¾ʥĴʥʲôطҶȻڡ
ȻȫԾĿҶ塣
Ҷ嵱Ѽұص˹Ȼˣ˵Ʋ⡣
ҶĻȻһۣϽ¶ϲɫ
ܿ죬Ȼͻָ侲ʥδؾڼұ֮ڣǼȸȥʦ֣ʦãȥұأʥڱ棬ϴѶǣ
ѩͷ
ȻͻȻƾʧ
ҲߣѩץסҶͼ⣬Ҳƾʧ
һ̡
ѩ衢Ҷͼ˼ұ֮ء
ǰʯѾҶ򿪣Ǻܿ˵ʯ֮ҶΪ޷򿪵ţѾͻƵֻؾѾܹʯš
ѩ趼ǵһұأĴš
ʥͼڵЩԪطõ𣿡ѩʵ
Ҷͷ
˿ӦĳԽ컯߿ٳġѩ˵ֻǲ֪λǰ˼ռ䣬ǵڶ֮Ԫ㣬ĲĶֵԲȵڶ͡
Ҷߵʯǰ¥ʯϵİУʯŶʱʼҶڵԪ˺ܾãҶڵԪյʱʯֹͣա
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ʯſһ޴ޱȵˮسҶУˮĲͨˮԪɵԪ֮ˮ
Ҷͼ⶯ݣѩ裬Ҳ𾪵˵
˵ôԪ֮Ҳ֪ɱ˶ֻؾϵߡѩ侲˵ֻؾУҪϴԼԪʹԪɱ䣬ÿɱ䶼˥֮ΪֻؾԲЩԪ֮ʥͼУ˵޼֮
ҶȡʥͼԪ֮ʥͼЩԪֻ֮־ǿ嵱ֻֻؾǿߡѾΪֻؾߵģҲԽЩԪ֮УƱػʡʱ䡣
ȥһ㣬ʥѩ˵
Ҷͷ˷ɵ˵ĵʯ֮Ҷֳɹ˵ĵʯš
ȻʯſʱҶ˵ɫȴˣĸʯĵΪһ̣ڷӣ֮⣬ʲôҲûС
Ҷͼⶼѩ裬ѩĬƬ̺Ҷͼ˵Ƚȥҡ˵Ѿ̡
ѩһ̣ͻȻʹ಻ѣǽţֱøĳֻþһ
ã⣡Ҷ忴̣ɫ䡣
Ǹô죿ʵ
Ҷɫأѩ趼û취ӻþΪʲô
ת˼žѩİ취
գԼ˵ҡ
һȥĿҶ塣
ҶĿһͷã˵䣬ȴʥͼֱӰѼʥͼС
û뵽ҶôԸûüܡ
⣬ҪҡҶ̡
һ̣ͻȻоһѣΣǰľͻȻı䣬صڣ˹ū͹ū˵ǰľͻȻһ䣬Ȼ˴Ҷ
ڴҶƼĪƼ˿ˬƼ˳
һֻ̣صڣѾ˷棬һħץסūŹūЦȥ
վסҶŭȣ׷ȥħľԽԽԶֻĿŹūħߡ
ֻص˴ҶҶȻҲ˷棬Īͬȫħץߡȥ׷ͬ޷׷ħˡ
ȻͬһĻ˴Ҷڣͬ˽ߣͬ޷¼⡣ҶڵȫֻĿһĻĻ
ħɱ޼½壬ֿʼɱ塣
һһꡣ
ڣ޼½ϵȫħɱ
ҶĿһУȴ޿κΡ
µˣʶǻþþ֮ǰļ䱻ˡ
޼½ħʱؼһƬֻʣҶ塣
ҵһħԺпģͬǣǸħԺûеЩˡһϵصҶߣħ뿪ǵļ磬ɱԺЩ棬ʵģֻǷ޼½
ǰ˭Ҷʵ
ɱ¾ʥѡסħѪħ壬޼½ղӡǵϵʧ
ǰ
ҶͻȻѹһѹƼѩѾѹڿ
Ҳ˰ɣѩʵ
Ҷͷ
ҲҪħ˸ϳ޼½ѩɫ
ħ˲𣬱ľ塣ҶȻ
ǼǰߣҪõʥ²ôסѩ˵
Ҷʥͼз˳˼ǰȥ


608 
Ҷ屾뿪ʯţȴʧˣֻܰ¥񽻸ѩ裬ѩ賢ſʯš
ʯſҫ۵ĽʯҶĿȥֻʯȻƯһѽɫ޽˽ȰȻĴʥϢǿ
ɱ¾ʥĴʥ
ѽҶͺһ컯ǿһ˵ǰѴʥ̶ȣԶԶʥ
д˽һܾȳʦ֣ѩϲ
ҶͼҲ¶ϲɫѩǰ촫Ѷǰǣȡ
ѩ豾ԼŽȥȻǣȴ֪ȻǾʲôطֻôѶȻ
˵Ƭ̣ȻȻûûдѶѩ衣
ҶͼɫԱ䡣
ᡭѩƴҡͷֿʼѶѶ
ȻûûдѶ
ѩһ䣬סٴδѶѶ
ֵƬ̣˲ʱһƾճǰ˾Ȼ
ˣҶ˶˿
һƼҶ˱Ĵʥ¶ϲɫд˽ڣǾܰʦ־ȳ
ʦ֣ҴѶʦǣôûлӦңѩͻȻɻʵ
ΪѾӽסʦֵĴǸӲĴѶɫҾͨ󷨣Ӧ󷨸дѶ׭֣ҿҲӲĴѶ
΢٣ֵ²˳٣ھʹŴʥȥʦǣ˵һԾӵ˴ʥԱߣ˴ʥ
ߣһöƾճѩҶǰѣһٵĺ𣺡ʦãǧҪ˵ģ
ݣ˲ʧ
Ҷ˶İǹȻȻĻ볯ȥ
ߣЦȻȻҲɱǣҵģ
ЦУʥһնѩ衢Ҷͼ⡣
ͻȻıʣҶҲûϵ
˺󣡡ѩƼͻȻ֣Ҳ룬æӵҶͼǰľӭȥ
ѩ³һѪ˺ͬʱеľ飬ɢ
ʥͼһӳͻȻҶǰץҶ塣
Ҷ屾ܣȴȻķ֣Լ޷ֻ׸
ΪʲôҪ壡Զѩŭȡ
壿֣ͣĿѩ裬ЦҺθɣ
˵䣬ٴץҶ壡
ߣһͻȻҶüĴҶϢͻȻǣֱΧĿռȻҶ岻̤һһȭ
Ԫ壡ڵ֮һɫޱ䣬ˡ
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609 ĩ
ҶԪ֮ʱĳطһ޴ĺɫħ졣
һƾճڹ֮ǰ˾Ȼ
˹һ˴УϷĸˣǻ졢ģԼḶ̌Ȼ
ٺ٣λõˡЦ
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ЩƷɴÿʥĹһ㣿Ľ̵ʵ
աЦҹζ࣬ھʹϼƷȥʥĹɡ
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Ц
ѾõѴʥǴ˿ϵĴʥ±סʥɣĽЦ
ʥĹһĶֻħ塣һЦͻȻʧ˱ϣһƾճǰָ繴ץš
ЦһղŴӱõĴʥһն˳ȥڲա

ץ˴ʥϣ𻨷ɽ־ȻӲʥĹ
ȻûʥˣԼȴ˼
Ľ̡ͷɫԱ䣬Ȼûϵʵ֮ǿûϵѴʥҲôǿ
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Ż죬ԸԸȥԿʼжˡ
ͷŻͷ뿪˴
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610 ˥
ھа̴ץߵʱҶԪѾʼһɱ䣡
ϸϸԪԪ񣬳ޣԪ֮Ԫᷢɱ䣬̣Ϊ˥ÿһ˥٣ͽһԪϴĥܲסԪ
˥һ˥Ƥ䣬ߵƤѪ᲻ϰ롢䣬ȻֲظʮŸʱܶдҲԼʮŸʱʱᱻĥ
˥ڶ˥飬ȻϣȻַ飬˰ʮĸʱ
˥˥ѣȻϣĥžŰʮһʱ
˥˥٣պѸϣȻֿʼգһ˸ʱ
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Ƥ֮󣬱Ѫ䣬Ѫⲻϴӹ
һֵزѾɣȴƫƫŸҪĥ֪ľŻȥ
Թ˶˵һ;ڶ˻һҲ١
⿴ѪҶ壬ѾٿȥͷŤ˹ȥ
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Ҷɽٵʱ򣬷ĺͻѾץʥˣֿʼץߡ
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С㣬˳Ǹ̫ʥĹһĶԲֻҪ֮һ쿴Ľ˵Ǳ
ôԸǶɴȫˡĽЦ
С˵ûЦЦ
õǶǾͿԻȥˡĽ̾Ѿ˰ǧ֪꣬涼ʲô
ʱȥˣֱԴȱʧĵطǵΪԶֹڴˡ˵


611 һ
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Ҷ塷ֶ˥٣үԲʹаҶ
ϣСܳɹ
ʨү̾ʤܣȫҶϡ



612 ԴԴ

Ҷһҽ𣬰ʮһʱȥˡ
ҶԭĹʼںϣϵʹҲʧϢҲűǣֻؾڶ˥Ϊ֮һ˥ǿ˲١
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ӦϵҶԼѩ˵ھȥͨš
Сģⶣ
ǾΪɡѩɫ
Ҷͷʥͼ

Ҷʥͼʱ򣬴ʥĹڹڣѾúĴ
пȥյϣģĪͼƴСͼֹһǧĴͼ
֮ʵڳ˵󣬿ѾԽ󷨵ķ롣
ˬȵȣ˶ڴ֮ϡ
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ϵԴ仯ࡣ
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ô꣬һﲼõĿռڳһ˿ɶһŵĴЦʥĹһ㣬һߵӰӴʥĹһڴ˽
ħ
ҶͰ𾪡
ͻȻʥĹһˣȻҲħŶ⣬ªϢаҪ߳һǿޱȡ


616 Ī
ǿߣ
Ҷ֪ǰħضǴ޼½⽵ٶġ
ǸǿɨҶˣĿͣĽϣоɻ֮ɫ
ĽһЦüͻȻֳһħƣƼħƣǸǿߴϲæΰݵμӴС㣡
Ҷһǿ߾ȻĽ˹Ľħ徿ʲôݣ
޼½ıԴǰ棬Ǿû취뿪ˡĽɫ
Сģǵ棬ǲÿռϺ£ģʱ֮ڣǶл뿪˵ءǿЦ
ĽһЦɨҶˣɱǣ
Ƕħ֮⣬ĲһȺ϶ѣɱ֮ѣǿߴЦͻȻһͭì͵а
Ҳֻǿаһ֣ˣûпһۡ
˺󣡡
аһֳִʥӵǰ

ìʹʥմ飬а˼ȫ·硣
ȻܽӱһìǿߴЦʮììӰ׷ɣըѡ
аϼʥÿһͻᱻһʮȻʮ
Σʩչʥط˹ڡͻȻҶ塣
Ҷһû뵽ѡԼô
ǵУֻ㲻ʥطԣʩչʥطڣӳġֵ
ûɰЩĻҶֻһ߹սǰҲ֮һҶҲԲ뵽սУ˵Ŷܵ
ҶܻɣԼ컯ѾǿˣھȻҪܳԽ컯Ḻˣ
㲻Ѿʥͼ𣿡ʥͼؿ԰ʥͼڣʥǰҲʥͼںħʥ֡
˵ţʥͼҶ塣
Ҷ嵱ʥͼڵĪͿˬ˷˳ðտʥͼڡΪûб仯Ҳûзκα仯ֻȴԵĸо㱻컯һҲԲˡ
Ͼʩչʥط㣡
ȻԬġѩ衢ƴȫڵأʼʩչʥطעҶڣҶϢǣԺаȼ硣
Ҷ忪ɵֺʹ󽣵֣ɱ˽ǿߣ
ʨүվڰǰΪǻĽͻȻ͵Ϯ
СĪǺĿҶ壬룺ɵôˣ
ԶǸǿɫ΢䣺ǼһطǵģһìֱҶš
Ҷһնڳìϣýǿֱ۷飬ǿһСӵΪʲôôǿ֪ҶĴ˲Զʹ
ǿ߳ԾʱҶͷųѹס˽ǿߵΪ֮ϯ˽ǿߡ
˫֡СӾʲô̥ǿһͷųɻֵ֮ӭϯ֮ײһ
ͻȻаҲնɱ˽ǿߡ
ǿߣһìסаĹ
Ҷûͷųͷ죬ʸ˽ǿߵ̫Ѩ
֣ǿһǵļ磬Ҳӵֵˡ֮࣬ǿߴһħ֣˿̵ħԴˡ
Ҷ岻ʾȭȭں˱Դ֮ҲѾԴ
䡭
Դըѣռϯ˷
аҲԴǿߡ
˷ɳɽƽ̨ɱԶɱذ޹⡣
䣡
һ죬ҶԴǿ߶㿪ڴϣر˺ѣضɽҡ
аȭ죬ʮ߮գǿʮİΧС
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ҶɱǿߣַԲǧɣεءǿߴħǿԴҶĹһһ⡣
֮Ŀ꣬ռѷ
ͻȻ亹ֱѾֲ֧˶á
ʥطʩչ֮˵Ҳ޴
ڣͬʱ³һѪ޷ʩչʥط
ԶҶ
ǿߴЦһìаת󲽳Ҷ壬һìҶ壡
аȥҶ壬Ѿˡ
ĽҲûüֹǿߡ
СĪҶգСŵò԰ףĿȻһ䣬ǿԶһͻȻߣ·̫С˺ѣ¶˰ѩļ
Ȼһˣ
һжڵʯ֮䣬˸ûзӦСĪɵ˱ʧԭء
һ̣ŮӾȻҶǰٶȾȻȽǿߴ̳ìٶȸ죡
ŮӭŽǿߵĳìץ˳ȥ֣Ȼѽǿߵĳìĩֱץ˽ǿߵš
漴ǿ߾޴ħ֮飬촷ۡ
ɲǣǿԪϣ溧ȻĴĽ̳ŴʥĹȥ
ŮһʥĹڵȻֱӱг룬Ľ̺ͽǿߵԪͬʱ˿ռѷС
ǣȻ͵ҧ˿ռѷС
ռѷɲǣռѷ컺£ͬʱǸŮӵͻȻСֱСĪӣ˹ȥŵ׹䡣
Ҷ弱æֱסСĪŽ£Ŀռѷ˹ȥûϹȥռѷѾ£ŭһҴ򿪣
ŭУһȭȭգȴá
ڣͣȻһЦ
ħĵλǱѰϱضбĶȻڡ
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ҶĬãŵͷŻлԹȥСĪ
ҲСĪ
ѵѵ
аͻȻһ
ͬʱаʵСѾͷ
ҵһڴҶڿʱ;ر졣аɫʮǰ¥ʥǸʱֻʮ꣬û뵽ôȥˣȻһҲû䡣
ǧǰ򿴵ʱ˯һѨ档Ȼڣտʼʱһֱڳ˯ŽѹһΣֱ꣬źһ
ʦ֡ĪʲôˣȻɻĿŰ
ҡͷǽΣգ־㣬Ҳ֪ھȻôһ
а²ҿڵԶԶֹڴˡ
˵Ī˭ǳħд
˵ͷ
ô꣬ʥĹһˡ
ȻһЦص˶ߡ
һ볯ȥĵطȻ޼½Դ֮ء


617 ʥ
װ޼½ԴĹϷ֪ʱһ˵ͶӰɫۣݿʣüɢŹһ㡣
ˣ͹Ȼ˶¶ŵı飬ͬʱĽеʥǰ
Ҷһǰ˾Ȼʥ
ղŷҶˡʥ̾벻徹û䣬컯ϵ߾Ȼʮ˶
ʥǰʧˡ
Ҳ̾һ뵱ȣȷʵѾûˡ
ʵǵĴʵǡʥ˵
˺⣬ҶҲǳɻʥΪʲôô˵
ǵħһ޼½ıԴʹ޼½ıԴȱݣ޼½Ҳʹû䡣ʥ˵
ľ޼½ûȻΪԭ
аȻ˵ȻûͲµ޼½ıԴӦó⡣
ʥа޼½ıԴֻʣ²ʮ֮һֲȫ޼½һֱԴʮǰʼ޼½¾Ѿ޷ˡ
Ҷ˸𾪡
Ҳַס޼½ܵĿռϣֻħ˲Ųܽʥ̾Щħ˲ϳƿǷĿռϣǸǺꡭǧǰҵ˻ᣬһЩħǰǷӡ
ҶףΪʲô޷ɳ޼½ˣΪ޼½Ŀռϱʥַˡ
ڿĲҵһͶӰûκΪʥ˵޷ֳΪһǷģħ˵ͻҵή޼½
ʥǰ޼½Щħڶ𣿡ȻȻʵ
ֻħλʥͻڿɽ壬޼½죬ֻҪǲħ˾޷½޼½ʥ˵
Ҷľħֻʥʥ֮ܣȻֻܰǻˡ
ʥῴʲô̾ħλʥһǴʥ۷壬ħʥܱѾܲס
֪ʥħʥ֮սض䱻Ҳѡɽ壬޼½졣
ʥҶ壬ЦܲʥͼϣҺܷģ
ǰʥͼϣ֮Ҷ̾ұϾܰ޼½սʤħˣ޼½߳
˵ûȷʵʥ̾޼½޼½Ʊػᱻħūۣһ彫ҲֳԽ컯ߡ
ʥβѡ츳õͳ޼½˵ܰ޼½ڵаȻڡ
Ҳ뷨
Һγûʥ˵Ϊ˷ֹĻ죬޼½ıԴ԰Ѵ򿪴ʥĹһԿһΪ壬û뵽֮ȴҲ޷Ѵʥ޷ʥĹһ㣬Ǿ뿪޼½Ҳ˿͡
壡
Ǻħ˺ô꣬ѾǰֻܳһΣͬʱǱʥͼʥͼҲҪŸʥ˵˶ˣʥͼҲزˣضᱻħĴʥ֡
ŸѾˡ롣
Ȼʥֵʥͼֻ򿪵죬壬߸ˣڰ˵ھġ㲻ˣԣֻ
ʥǰ˭ȥɣ˼Լͬ˵
ʥɨҶˣĿСĪϣЦСѾͷһɣħĴʥҲδܱħˡ
ľСĪȻһʥСѾͷʲô
޼½ϿɻмҵˣʥȻʵ
Ҷ˵Уھ档
ʲôΪʥʡ
ֻؾҶش
ֻءʥ˽֮ˣȥ㼧Һһɡ
Ҷ⣬ھȻ֮ˡ
Ҷ塢¡ʨϾšȻҲȥɡʥֵ
ǣҶ˵ͷ
ȥ׼һ°ɣ˵ءʥ˵
ǰһ㣡ҶȻ
ʥЦŵͷ
ղռѷţʲôطҵǣҶʵ
ʥСĪЦСѾͷһдʥ֮޼½Ŀռϣţضڽ⣡
лǰҶɫ
ʥһЦӰʧ
˵뿪˴ʥĹ
磬ƬƬ˻ڵϣ˳󣬷ͷˡ
㰢˶컯ǿߣҪôˣҪķѲʱ䣬οܾˣҲҪܶʱָܻʵ
һҶڰ˶ѣȫ˾Ժ
ڼ䣬Ҷ뿪޼½ȥ¸˼⣬֪ҶҪȥȻҲԸȥ
ͬʱ˳ֽ˾а̵
컯Ҳ˳ˣ˲ֻؾ߶ѣǰ˵Ķ֣
ڰȥԸаʱҶͼҵ˰˴֮һĻ޵
꼧ĸױȴ޵ˣң̻Ļ᳤˼⣬Ҳ
ԣҶͼɱ޵ģ
޵֪ǵǸСŮֻǵüǲǰȥ̣Ǹɫˡ
оⳬԽ󾳵Ϣ޵ŵûɢæߡ
Цͫױɫ޵Χƾոһɫ棬סȥ·
ǵõ꼧ұ侮ʯǸŮ𣿡
㡭㾿˭޵̡
ҾǸŮ˵Ů
޵д󾪣֪Ļɥڴˡ
ڼҶҪɱ޵ʱ򣬰޳ȴֹ֣Ҷˡ
λһ޳ȭֻҪλôУ
޵ΪԱסˣ֪޳ȴ˵ֻʱҡ
Ҷ嵱ѯʰ޳ΪҪȻ޵Ӱ޳֪ԭ޵÷޵ȴǰ޳ҲҪ޵
޳ĻҶûɱ޵Ͼܹ޳Ķ顣ն˻޵˫ۣϵ˻޵Ϊ
˻޵Ҷͼȥҵ½˷磡
Σûж֣Ҷүɱ½˷硣
ñ֮󣬼̧׿Ų񷣬½˷磬ǰԸȥ
Ҷ̾
ãȶ֮Ҷźͼ̷˴Ҷڡ
صҶ֮Ҷ¶ãȻСĪͼȥ˴ʥĹһ㡣ҶʥĹһʱ򣬰͹ȻѾˡ
ʥԸҶ˽ʥͼҶԽʥͼ
ʥɽλʥϣʥͼͳ޼½


ʮ ֻ


618 ǿ
޼ʵǿգǳ財
һ貵Ĺâǿգȥһɫ¶⸱ɫʥͼʥͼʥͳ޼½˽ǿա
޼½ǽǿյһŷǳͨǳѣʵ޷ͺĽǿȡ⣬˿̾ʥͼѾóʮɣ޾ǿУȴһ㲻ϡ
ಡ
Ҷ塢⡢СĪȻºʨүʥͼվʥͼϣΧ貵ǳ
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ʨүү˵ʥ˵кܶ޼½ڵ򣬱֮˳Ϊֻ򣡡
Ҳ˵ֻ򡣡Ȼ˵
ʨүͷʥ˵ħ岻ֻһѡֻħ壬壬壬壬ǿ壬ԼܶΪ֪塣
ҶʵħħΣ
ħʵħĻѪʨү˵Ǽ̳ħѪͳչԿħ壬ǱħҪһ
Ҷľħ徿ж£
ֱֻħ壬壬壬ħ壬壬ȻҲЩǿ壬ȴ޷Ტۡʨү˵˵ֻȫУ
΢٣ֵħ˾סħ½ǣħħǣڴʥǣֻ룬ǿ½ֻش½
ֻҲ壬ȥֻش½ҵ壬ǻ᲻Ǿȳ޼½ˣȻȻʵ
Ҳ֪Ӧò󡭡ʨү˵뿴ǵֻش½ԸǶԸħˣ
ʨү˵ûֻش½ӦкܶóȻȥһ˰ǣ˼ӦǣҶ˵
Ȼ֮ʱ޿̶ڽս໥ʳԷΧ޼½ϾǱħʥصĵطĳ־޼½ˣħĴʥݣʨү˵ԣܵõĳ֧֣޷ħж޼½
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Ψһİ취Ǹȥֻش½Ȼ취õֻ֧֡ǲܴħж޼½
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֮ǱȸֻǸطʨүȻֻʵ̫ûͼǺҵȥֻش½·
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ʨүǼȻǱʥͳģز뿪޼½̫ԶҲ˵ڼпܻħΧڣǾΣˣ
Īϳ޼½ˣɻ
Ȼǡʨү˵ʥ˵ֻˡħħ֮ìܷǳпᡣ壬ֻҪлɱ壬ͬˡ
Ҳ˵ħΧһħض⵽ħ˵Ĺ˵
ʨүͷֵֻΧ壬ħ壬ϱħ壬塣ڿ϶ϱߡֻıԴûȱʧռ쳣ȹ̣ʥ֣Ҳû취ͳħΧ
ĻΧĿռ䣬Ƭ̺˫ۿˣ˵ֻ޷飡
ȻҲһ£ֻ򣬹Ȼ޷飡
컯޼½ȻǶֻ֣ȴֻеߡʨү˵ʥ˵ûɴʥʱֻ˵ֻÿϵĴʥҶǻʮϹˡ
Ҷ˶ݡ
컯֮ϣΪ֮ϣΪ֮ϲǴʥʨүɫֻдʥգһ
塢Ԫֻء컯ʥ޼½ڱԴȱʧֻ컯ҶѾ뿪޼½Ѿܵơ
ʥĹһħӦҶ
ȻʨүҶ˵պǵΧǧҪʹɵ֣
ΪʲôҶ岻⡣
սҲϣ˾Ǳʨү˵ɵֺɻֿʵ̫ƣһ϶ħļϸǲҪʣᵱɱ
Ҷͷ浽Χ򲻵ѣԲʩչɵ֡
ϷĪȫħ˲ɣȻü
ʨүҡͷ˵ȻҲϷ򣬲һ㶼ڵǿ߱
ΪİɣȻ
ûʨү˵ħҲǵȥƬֲпĻ£ٹʮ꣬ĵλҲ庳
ҵһϷǼûͼҲӦִֻܵش½Ҷ˵
ǽ̸ʱһҳɵͭȻԶ۶
ãħı
ʨүһ
ߣ
Ҳû룬ԶߣҶʥͼס˼⣬СĪ򱻰һקס
ͭϣһħƵĿ󺺿ǰҶˣЦǰ࣬Ϊߵֻ컯
иƯǣһħЦŮҵģ˭Ҳ׼
ͷħЦҪʮˣ컯ϣ˭Ըȥɱࣿ
ͳ죬ң
ͳ죬ң

ħǱ˷ܡ
ãߣ
ǸħͳЦ͵ĵŵط˳ȥ
ಡ
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ǰҶͷȻʮһħ׷һϿԽү˵ֻܹĸ컯ߣǺЩħĶ֡
ȻҶ壺ʱҪүǾͲ̫㣬ҪԸ㣬Ҳֻһˣ
Ҷͷ
󣬰ִˣǷͷߣħ˿ֻֻؾпֻһȥԸԽү˵ˡ֮취ȥֻش½޼½Ϳˣ
Ҷܾ飬ǰֵʥǰҪǺͳΪ޼½£
Ҷҧ˵ͷ
ĪȥɡСĪҶ塣
ΪʲôһߣСĪʵ
˵ħѾ׷
ҶһҧСĪͼ⣬ͷųͷʩչ׹ݡԶǿա
䣡
Ҷߣ˱ħ˼ս
ɱǣȥ׷ǸСˣ
ǸħͳЦҶȥķȥʮħס˰ˡ


619 Ů
ħͳ׷ʮ׷Ҷˡ
һΪȰҶɫأһҧ˼СĪǰͬʱ⣬˵ҵסĪ뿪
֪˿ĻֻҶ鷳˵СĪԶ
ߣħͳЦ̽ץ⡣
ҶЦһүͻȻڣһ컯ߵϢȻɢΪҶľնħͳֱۡ
ħͳһȻû뵽ҶΪͻȻ֮࣬ʹһħҶĽϡ
˵һľҶ屻˼үȻħͳĶ֡
ֻؾڶ˥ΪȻͻƱ컯СϱضʲôܣԲˣħͳһһͭսҶ塣
еͭսȻǵ
ҶľĪǵֻǴ·ɣȴ֪Եħͳ죬һͳӵе֡
ͨħˣͻƵ컯ҲδõֻоƷѡֻ򣬾Ǵ·
ۼħͳ칥Ҷҧ˴󽣵֣Ϊħͳߣֻ󽣵֡

󽣺ħͳսײ𻨷ɽħͳֱһ飬ûסսвһСӾȻ˫֣
ħͳ쾪֮ʣҶһȭʮͬʱħͳ졣
˫ֵűֲûɱ
ħͳЦɻ֣ɻ֮˷糱ˣʯ쾪
ʮ߮ɻ֮Уת˲㱻ɻ֮գޡ
ħͳ챾ֹҶ壬ȴҶѾԶЦΪֻؾֱ컯طҲûУܰСץȥڱضͣ
뵽ȫ׷ȥѾץ߼֮Ժˡ
ǰҶʩչ׹ݣȫٷУʼ޷ħͳ졣
Ȼǰһſһֲïܣ룺ǿкѰᱻ׷ϣ
ˣʧ
ߣħͳһҲ˽ȥ

㣬ҶƬ̺½С
ϣûħˣҶϢ
ûãħͳʶкɨ˹ȥѪʢķݡ
ħͳ쳯Զȥ
еҶûΪħͳȥҶǣԶоȻˣһƼħͳˣ˾ͷɳ֣
Ҷ̧ͷȥǷɳȥľȻǸŮӣü续̣ͦΪ
ȻûԶ
ħͳԶΪзɳҶ壬ȴû뵽ȻǸˡ
ŮƼħͳ죬ݾ䣬æԶ
СˣôһӣħͳЦ׷ȥ
Ů˶Ǵֻش½ģ˵ܴȥֻش½ҶĿһɳ֣ȥŮȥֻش½ϣԲ
ħͳоˣŤͷһȴû뵽ȻҶ壬ʱϲ
ŮӿҶ壬æѣ׻Ǳˣպر
ٺ٣ѱ㻹ָ㣿ֱǳ룡
ħͳЦͻȻθߣħ𣬸ߴɣֱַץҶͺŮӣ
Ůֻֻؾ߶ѣħͳĶ֣
ֻôʥˣ
Ҷʥһնħͳͷ­졣
Ѵʥһ֮ħͳһҷȥԸŮӣæ˫սӭȥ

ħͳƺһɵɿ⡣
ߣ
ҶץסŮӵ֣Զȥת˲֮û˴С
ƷƷ
ħͳ켤ѣ׷ȥ
С
ҶźŮȫټۡ
ŮӲĿҶ壬룺˾ʲôݣղõĽĪƷɣĪֻش½ĳĵӣ
ֻ򣬵ΪƷƷƷƷԼǿ㲻߲ٿҲնɱˡ
Ҷ岢֪ʦԺĻ飬ʵֻƷħͳеͭսͬҲֻƷ
ǰԵǿĴСƷģƷԽߣȻҲԽǿҲԽƷ㲻߲ٿأҲԻɱ󲿷컯ߣƷҲܹ벽
һЩǿƷԻɱߣ
ƷǸǿ֮Կܣ
ֻ򣬴ʥǿ߱۷Ĵڡ
ھƷֻҲûжټ֮⣬ûоƷƷ൱һʥֲ죬ֱΪʥ
ħͳΪǰ벽ҶеĴʥ˾ˣ϶ҶеĴʥƷ
ȴ֪ʵҶеĴʥû֮ǰƷ
ںŮӲ²ҶݵʱҶͻȻں棬ȥǳᱻ׷ϣ
ʲô취𣿡Ůʵ
Ҷҡͷ
㲻Ʒ𣿡Ůü
ƷҶһԭҲǿѴʥΪƷˡ
ħͳΪӦǰ벽ƷڣαŮ˵
ôŮˣȻȥסħͳ죬ȻóûߣҶһȴ˵ҵĵܹش𿴸ղܱħͳ죬ħͳĻʱٵ
Ů΢䣬ҧҪʦͺˣ뿪֮ǰһͼؼʱ˰벽
Ȼ㲻ʦΪʲôҪͼҶ岻⡣
Ϊʱҳ˵һʦŮ֪̾ǰħĴ鱻ɢˣҪӵڿѾħˡ
ҶĿһ˵ͼңа취ԸǸħͳ죡
Ůһ㶣漴ϲʦ
Ҷͷ
ŮûгɣһһǷĵͼУֻаƴС
ҶùͼüͷųͷģͼУͼȻƯҶͺŮͷ
ͬʱħͳ׷
Ҷתħͳ죬Цһã
˵䣬Ѿ߶ͼѹħͳ죬ͼͻȻһöö޴ޱȵķģŷľȻ۳һѰ߲ʾ޽гʮȦնɱħͳ죡
󣡡
ħͳɫ䣬æɻֵס˷ɱ߲ʾ޽
ߣ
ҶͺŮӳûߡ
䡭
Ҷߺ󣬾춯صĺ쳹죬þòħͳ֮ǧߵˡ
Ҷ֪ħͳԲ׷ˡ


620 ͬ
ҶͺŮӷɳڵǿСûжԶշȥ˺ܾ˲ͣ
ȻŮע⵽ҶΪȻӸղŵ컯ֻؾԼ磬ɫ䣬ȴˡ
룺Īֻش½ɵĵմӣĪΪĵطɣ
뵽ŮӿҶ壬ЦС
Ҷ塣ҶЦ
֪ҶֻĸɵˣЦ
ҶҡҡͷҲֻش½ˡ
˲ѣĪֻǸɢޣ
һΪҶֻĳĵӣύҶ壬ȴû뵽ҶȻǸɢޣһת룺ܹΪܣԲ׷ߣ취׳ܣ
Ӧֻش½˰ɣҶЦʡ
Цֻش½ɶŽЩϣҵıɡڵ׻Ϲɣҵı֮һ㻤һᱦұк񱨣
Ҷȥֻش½ĺûᣬЦŵͷӦ
Ҷȴ֪Ӧȴ϶ĸɵɢޣȴڼЦȻǸɢޣ˾ȻҲƷ
Ҫҵ׻ǣƷҲҵı󣬸ֻиƷ⻹Ϊ׻ǵҩںʥֻһƷ
Ȼ׻ƽеƷǶģ߲ٿرǿһս
뵽ҶȻƷЩʣΪҶС㶼ûƷһɢƾʲôУ
ɲɵȥҶƷǴ·οҪҶ廤
㲻ǰ˵ʧɢˡҶ˵ΪʲôѶǣ
ղŴǿϳʱʵѾѶˡɫصȴûдѶңҲ²ǲʲô鷳Ѿ⵽ħĶ֣
ǲ֪ôˡҶҲѶ⡣
һԭͬ飬ҲħΧˡ롣
ҶƬ̣ȴûյĴѶд󾪡
Ҷ磬ôˣʵ
ҶסҵͬҲûлѶң
Ҳδħϡ˵˵Ǻľ̫ԶǽղĴѶ
ҶĿһûֻ̫ҿռ伫ȹ̣ΪԼǵľ̫ԶǲŽղѶ
Ҳֻˡ
ǿУҪҵһʵ̫ѣڶԷ޷ӵѶ£ڴ롣
ȥǵĻ˵ֻħˡ˵ħ½ܽħĴѲߣǱ뿪
Ҷȴߡ
ȥЩͬ飬ǵȲǣԼȥ˵ϷҲˣȵǸطȻ취Ѱͬ顣ǸطǿӦҵͬ顭õĻͬ˵Ѿȵ
Ҫ೤ʱ䣿Ҷʵ
зеĻӦòᳬһ¡̾ϧûС
У·Ҷ˵ţȡʥͼʥͼϷе
ǵҿϼпҲƷɫȻ䣬ȴ𾪲ѣɣҲ䲻ȴҲܿʥͼĲ
ҶҲ֪óʥͼԼ鷳Ѿ˲ôˡ
£ҶʥͼϣԶİǿм۶ȥ
ʥͼϣֻ˫ֽӡܿ۳һɫĻͷų˱Ϣ
𡭡Ҷĵ־Ȼͱĵһ
ȻǰǶɵͷתһһǣܿЩǱ˶
Ҷ棬ʲô
үȻĶУӦǱ֮㿴ϢǲԱ֮ǰǿ˼֣
Ҷȷʵоˣû뵽Ȼ˶Խõ֮
˵׻ǵ֮һ֪ʵΣҶ崫ү
һӶֻؾߣӦûߡүߣһֻش½ӦòС
ûҶ崫ǿߣֻֻֻش½ϲܼ
΢٣Ҷִʵү֪ʲôΪ
Ǻǣ츳ѣδʥǵүЦŴ

ҶһүȻǿߡ
ٺ٣ү츳ãǷһүЦ
ҶĿһʵ֪үʲôΪ
ٺ٣Ǹžſͷĳ˹ǿôһ㡣үЦ
Ҷһʨү컯Բүضɡ
ʥͼΪ˸ġҶȴֻҡͷЦڸûн͵ʵ
Ҫ죬ͻƲ컯ûκοܣΪػͨŵǸ飬ǿ컯ĴڡҪ죬͸Ӳˡ
ٺ٣СӣץʱɡүЦʥ֮Բֱӷų㣬ʵΪáֻˣʱȵ޼½
ԣҶ̾ħϾȳ޼½ȷʵǸǳص񡣲ȻѾ޼½ˣѾʥĴˣͱеΣ
ĵ̣òҪʥͼóүȻѣֻش½ʶ˺ܶ࣬ʥͼƷԲҲʥͼĶ֣ȻأȻǿ߼ҲҪġ
ҶбаϣҪҡ
ǻƽʱҶ弴㲻ɱڣҲ취û취й¶ӵʥͼ£ÿֻҪˡ
ʱѾϣͷǶѾˡ
ֻؾ˥
ҶһֻֻһӾȻΪ޼½ʥɵƽˡ
Ҷ磬лСûȻһЦ
ˡҶЦ֪ɷ˵˵ֻش½£ҺЩʧٵͬ鶼ûȥֻش½
ͷֻش½ֻһ½½ȫ壬ȻҲв塣Ϊֻش½شﲩԴ޾ħħŻ᲻Ϲֻش½Ƕõֻش½ĿȨ
ƺûᵽ壡ҶȻ
ֻش½֪ƾ޷Ĵ壬Ǳ˽ֻش½ǣֹֻش½Ļְ塣Цֻش½ϷˣǧҪ⡣


621 ǿ
ȻˡҶ⡣
ֻش½ڶ࣬дʥȴֻЦպֻش½֪ɵǿ󡣿ǼǿɣҲ޷壬ʮʥħʮʥħŴʥԼߴʥȫ嵥һܿģ
Ҷ嶯ݣĴȻôʥ
ٺ٣ô˵޼½ʥֻش½Ҳܿһ̣үЦȻصҶߡ
ʥǵͻƴʥʱ䲢ֻش½Ĵʥүпϵ˵
ûʥ֣㲻ħʥĶ֣ȷʵȲֻش½Ĵʥ
ҶȻɻĴʵѵħʥٵ޼½֮ʱʥǰûпǴ޼½ȥֻش½𣿡
ʥǵ걾Ҳִ㣬ǺǷˣүʥ˵ֻش½ãߵٶȴԶԶ޼½ŷ޼½ȥֻش½
޼½ô𣿡Ҷ循ɣһСС޼½ѣȵֻش½
δʥԲûȥֻش½ǲˣҲȷʥ˵ٻǼȻ˵Ӧġүǵʥ޼½뿪ͺˡ
ҶҲ̾
ʱֵٹһֻ꣬ش½սʱŶȥμӣұʱҲȥμӡ
սҶĿһֻŻۣƼʻᣬһ
˵սǰʮлᱻʥΪ״ӡһ
ʥ״ӣҶһܰһλʥΪʦǷλʥҶ޼½뵽ЩҲҪԿ޼½Ψһİ취
һ̣Ļȴˮֻ˵Ȼμս˱һ£Ϊ컯֮£ʵ̫࣬ʱ»˲μսЩ˵ΪӦҲֻؾҪӱʵ̫ˡ
ˣҶŵϴǱŵˡ
Цֻ֪򾿾жࣿ
Ҷüʱ
׻Ǳ˿ڣο׻Ҳ塣Ц˵ֻ˲μսǻǱعơ
ҶȻˣûֻô֮ǰͻƵֻؾŲ֡
һЦ˵ʲôҶɫȴȻһ䣺˳߹ˣ˵תȥҲת󷽡
ֻһҽɫķбƿշʮˣɫףͷ𷢣ΪϢǿȻ컯ǿߣ
ˣֻؾߡ
ɫص˵ǿ֮һƽ壡ƽ壬°˴ӹ֮һ
ǵķеǲΪЦ
ҶЦҵģƾʲô㣿
ٺ٣ƾ࣬ƾϷƾǶǱһ֮УΪһЦͻȻ֣ץҶµʥͼ
Ҷлү֮Ϊ˲ͻƵ컯׺齣˳ȥ
컯ǸƽһȭͷͻȻɽɫƽһȭ˽ϡ
ˣ
ƽֱ۾𣬲˼ҶҲ˼аһѾԴ
ΪԼΪҲˡ
Ǹƽȴ𾪣ΪΪλͻȻʾ컯ĪղΪҲ
ΪҶӵʾΪطߵΪ룬һôӵô
㻹Ҫҵĵ𣿡ҶȻЦ
ߣƽߵүҪĶɲ㲻˵ȫ˻ƽɫǻƽɡ
ƽԴƽ죬һƬƽ񣬸Ҷȥ
Ҷ޾壬ȭצ̽һ˺˻ƽ
ƽɫأƽԴԴȻκβǰ࣬ǳԾ
Ҳ벻ҶȭǽүıԴ֮ģүǿߣԴǿģҲκβҶ塣
ΪԶԶҶ塣
ڻƽ꾪֮ʣҶʥͼʥͼյѹ˻ƽꡣ
ƽ꼱æܣֻ޷С顱ٶҲ죬ʥͼȻû˵
Ҷһִʥͼзɳתײ˻ƽķбЩƽ˱ߣȴͷųĺᣬײϣײ˷ĩ¡һбҲײϡá
ñԴ֮߶ֵ֣Ե֮

ƽŭȣƽսҶ壬ƽϯ˷
õҲǵƷ
Ҷ󽣣ߴһ޾ǿжʱϯƺƵԪȫԱգ˲ͷųǧɽ⡣
죬˷𶯡

սʹ󽣽籩ֻһƽĵϾȻһ˿˿ѷ죬ͬʱƽҲҶһˣûվȡ
ƽ꾪㤲ѡ
ԶҲɫ˫֣˾Ȼ˫֣һҲˣû뵽һ־ȻҲôǿ
Ҷ彣ƽ꣬ɱƽ꣬Ǿڴʱ
СӣҵˣһĿЦͻȻ
ħͳ죡ҶĿȥԶһĸߴĴֳͭսɶħ졣
ˣħͳ죡
ħͳϣϣǱˣеѾɼǡħǿ˵ЩȻᣬȴ
ƼħͳˣҶһתϾ뿪ϴʥʥͼҲֻջħͳ죬Ա߻лƽڣƽҲֵĻûʤ㡣
뵽˴תӵߣץס֣ȵߣ
ವһʩչչƿշߡ
ߣ
ħͳЦǵ׷ȥƽĿһתҲ׷ȥ
δɳԶǿкȻ֮һɼɭϢǳǿС
ҶһͣĿĹˡ
󷽣ħͳͻƽҲͣΧǿա
һƿޣЦưԹ̾صڼ˶ߣëȻ
Ҷ˲˼Ƥļ²ѡ
ͻȻԶԶԶʻһҰĺɫ󴬣ܾɣҲãϵķҲǲƣɫϴӴɢʻ֮þòɢ
ƽħͳͬʱ㤵鴬
Ҷȴɻ鴬ʲôΪ˵ɫѿ


622 鴬
ħͳ졢ƽ˺ܿлعǶ˵תӣ
ֻҶڵ׷ʲô¡
Ȼ鴬ͷųĺɢٶֱӳħͳˣ˺СҶҲܿЩͬʧˣҲ֡
ҶǰɢȥʱҶ巢ԼѾ鴬ϡֹҲڡ
ħͳͻȻ鴬ɼȥҶ𾪵ǣħͳոձ鴬ͻȻƾճ鴬ϡ
⡭ôܣҶľ
ˣˣ鴬ˣң˼װϡ
ҲҲƽĳ鴬
ȻħͳһҲٴƾճ鴬ϡ
Σƽħͳǳˡ
ħͳ쳤̾һ˼䡭Ҳزȥˡ
̾УҶ壬˵鴬Ȼ治ɫҲò㣡
ҶЦʵҸû˵鴬
ƽꡢħͳڵϵһֻȻû˵鴬
鴬˭ģΪʲô˵һ˼䣿ҶȻʵ
˭Ҳ֪鴬˭ġ˵
ûƽͷ˵ʮʥ˵Ҳ֪鴬˭ġ
ħĴʥȥ׷鴬䣬ȴ޹ħͳ˵鴬ʵ̫أֻκξضҪΣգǴʥ֮µᱻߣԶҲز䡣
Ȼûӳ鴬ô֪鴬Ҷ
ΪдʥԶԶ鴬λʥȥ׷鴬ʱ鴬ȴʧˡƽ˵鴬Ĵʥֹһλдʥۼ鴬֮أ˶ʧˡ
ҶԽԽ
У˵鴬оҡɫص˵鴬εֻ䣬˶˱鴬°߹
ƽ꿴Ҷ壬úǳص˵鴬Ѿʮ꣬°ߵ˾ж˭Ҳ
ħͳҲҶ壬Ҳúܳص˵Ϊֹûκܻӳ鴬ǿȥ׷鴬һȥء
˵ʥ޷⣡ҲҶ塣
Ҷ忴ˣЦһû鴬ȱˡ
̾ͬ˵Ҫ
˿̣֮˴ѾûںϳޣֻϣԷܶһʱᣬһ鴬ʵ̫µҲ̫ɭֲˡ
ڻûҶһֵ
һۣûԴ鴬ǲû⵽һֱȻ
⡭⾿ô£ƽɡ
϶鴬û£Ժ󲻻¡ħͳɫ
Ҷ忴鴬Ĵڣ˵˵鴬˶ɣôǻʲôµģǲһ鴬澿ʲôĶ
ҧ˵㣬ûһʲôµģ
Ҷ嵱Ŵ룬˽ں档
һƬҶ弸˵ΪҲΧĻһɴ̱ǵȳζڴУŻ
꣡
ǵеһƺʲôͬʱȥֻ϶ʬʬʬˮУȻЩʬѾ֪ȥ˶꣬Ȼ
Ȼ鴬˶Ѿˣʧɫɪɪ
ħͳͻƽɫҲأЩǰΪضͣǾȻȫ鴬ϣ˵й鴬Ĵ˵Ȼġ
һ˼䣡
鴬ɱˣɱ˵ˡĪǾ鴬ϣҶɫء
߶ɱˣΪض֮ϣħͳ²Ī鴬ϵǴʥɣ
϶ǣƽ꾪ֵ˵Ǵʥɱʥܿʥ׷٣
дʥһͷɱǣΪʲôɱǣ㤵
ʥ֮ǿҶûмʶʥһûκĲӰѡûмĴʥҲ֪鴬дʥȷʵĻᶼûС
Ƕˡħͳĭ
ǻ̲ǰߣƽ
ߣΪʲôߡҶǰߡ
ħͳһۣȥ
Ƭ̺ڴŨŨѪһĴڻǶʬıڸһţһʱ֪ǵ߲źá
Ҷͷħͳˣ˵ҪǷͷߣ
ħͳҲûҡҡͷһߣ߲ͨۻš
Ҷͷһţħͳ˸ȥ
ոţǱһɳƵЦ鴬ɣ
ҶȻ鴬ϹȻˣ
⡭ѵ鴬ˣƽŵĺˡ
ħͨҲ̡
Ҷס˵䴳鴬ǰˡ
ٺ٣СΪȻߣȴǿˡǵɳƵЦٴδͨͷ
ǰˡҶǿЦ
ٺ٣Ǻܺ£ɳƵЦ
Ҷ˳Ĭˡ
Ϸ򵱳鴬ʱһҲܺ¡ɳƵЦ
Ҷһ˾Ȼ鴬ˣ
һ˼䣬仰˵ĲɳƵЦϷԴҲû뿪ˣֻˣ
Ҷû˵ѹͲ֪ʲôֻ
ħͳشֻʮǧʮ꣡
ٺ٣ԭϷѾʮ꣡ɳƵЦ
Ҷ˶ݣ˾ȻѾ鴬ʮꡣ
Ϸһߣ˴ЦϧûҪӵڻţ˭˵һ鴬
ǰΪѵҲ뿪𣿡սսʵ
ٺ٣СѾͷʱ֪ʲôΪˣЦ
ǿЦǰ鴬ȴȻΪضĪ⣬Զܼ
ҪҵΪĸĪ⣬㲻ᱻס鴬ˡЦ˴ʥ֮⣬˭ҲӲ鴬
Ҷ˵Ķʱȥѵֻ鴬ϵɣ
Ҷʵǰ鴬ʮ꣬ѵҲûҳ뿪鴬İ취
ҵҺʮꣿЦʮ꣬вһȫˣΪ鴬ϸûʺԪǲŵĻ˹ԿǱ֪鴬Ԫǲ⡣
Ҷ˵˹ϸԪȻһֵȫʴǵѪ͹ʹѡ
ǼæֹͣԪʹʧ
鴬ڣȻĲУ
߲ԲȣԪĻò˶ñȥ
ֻǿߣɹ׽٣ܲԲȣԪҲܻʮꡣ


623 Ѫ
ٺ٣ϷûƭǰɣЦò˶꣬Ǳ鴬ϣǽʬһ֡
ɴ˸䣬ͻȻò԰ףħͳͻƽɫҲܲÿ
ҶΪʵǰ鴬˾˭ΪʲôҪôˣ
ħͳҲܺ棬鴬˾˭
ٺ٣Ϸܹ˭ĻͺˡЦ
Ҷľͷʮ꣬ȻҲûܸ鴬˭
ǼȻˣϷ˵˵ɡЦ˰ǰǼҾҲû˵ˡ
Ҷ룬Ҳ˵һ鴬ˣڰ˰ǰЩ˵鴬ʱӦø磬ȥʱȴڰ˰ǰ
뵽ĿǰȥҶ˾Ͳ
ٺ٣ʵҲϰˡЦôҶѾǲ徿ۿŶȥ
Ҷ˲Щս
Ϸ鴬ô꣬Ҳûκջ񡣡Ц
֪ǰʲôջ񣿡ҶЦ
ǰϷ֪ξ鴬ϵԪˡЦ
Ҷӵɵ֣þԪħͳ˲ͬǸ޷鴬ϵԪһ˵оԪİ취Ƕ¶ϲɫ
ٺ٣ǲҵˣҲǣǵĻֻϷһ鴬ϣҲδ̫įˡЦҪĻ
ƽħͳȱͨ
ҶüͷҲȥ
˺ܿ㴩ͨǰȻһǧѪѪζ̱ǣһֻʣƤͷѪ룬ͷɢǸʬһ
ˣҶ˲ЩͷƤ顣
ٺ٣ô꣬ѾɺǣϷܱѾܲˡЦ
ħͳ켱ȵʵǰ֪βܾԪ
ƽ˺ҲһȵĿߡ
ٺ٣оԪİ취Ҳˣ߹Ц
ħͳһ
ã϶Ȼ⣡
Ҷľæתͨ
ħͳҲæתߡ
Ѿˣڲ֪ʱȻѾѪˮ
ҿ
ħͳŭȣ˫յѪˮϣһѪˮɽͨȻѪˮš
ҶҲ̳֣Դıڶͬ޷ƿѾͨڵѪˮ
ٺ٣ð׷ˡЦҲδӳȥοǼδɵСӣ
Ҷת棬Ц֪ǰΪסǣ
ħͳҲߣҲ룬ǰϼһΪʲôҪסǣ
ٺ٣Щ鴬ΪʲôˣЦ
ǿЦǰղŲ˵Ϊû취ȫˡ
ʵǲġЦ֮ԻΪϷ򣡡
Ҷ弸һϼһĪǱ鴬ˣ
ҲϷϷǵò˼꣬ϷҲЦЦµѪˮȻӿѪˣҶˡ
ҶȻеǰʱ֮ǰ㼸𣿡
ԭҶ˵Ѫ˺Ȼͣ˰УħͳĭǶѾװƴһȴû뵽ͻȻͣˡ
ٺ٣СӣҲ·һʲôʰɡЦ
ǰǲ鴬ˣҶʵ
ٺ٣Ϸ鴬ˣҲ䵽ֵزˡЦ
鴬˾˭Ҷʡ
鴬ˣ˿̱Ѫ֮¡Ц
Ҷ˶ݣ鴬˾ȻѪ֮¡
ǼһＫпҲ鴬ˡ˵Ǹˣ׼ȷ˵ӦǸˡÿŻѹһΣÿѹ༸ºֻ˯
Ҷ˾ɲѡ
ҲҺǸˣҲ졣߹Ц
ǰѵΪ˲űס˵صģҶʡ
鴬֮ҵ˵ǿ㵱ҵΪѾܸߣȻĶ֣ԼƬѪںϣˡ
Ҷ־ɣΪǰԼںƬѪУ˱Ըǰ
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ΪҵԪѾѪȫںϣһˣƬѪҲʧЦҵʱƬѪǾͶһѣԼԪںѪУû뵽ĶĶˡ
ȻˣǰΪηҪǵɣҶʵ
ΪҲҳɹĺƬںϣмǿʬʬͷѪУʳҵԪûܹʬĵʹ࣬ʹܳܵġɱңԲְ취뿪Ѫأٺ٣ԸЦ
뿪Ѫأһ뿪˾ͻûɱ뿪ѪصĻѪȴʬڣּ尾ʵǳܳܡ
̧ͷҶˣаЦҷ֣˵ʬ棬һܵʹСöࡣ
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ҶĿһתʵǰΪʲôû˳˯ʱɱ
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˵ЦˣҲѾˣǾ׼ɡ
ħͳͻƽͬʱ׼һ
ȻҶȵȵȣһлҪ˵
СӣˣʲôЦ
һ԰ڵʬҶһֵ
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ҶЦҲ޴ӣΪʲôԿĪǰҳû͵Ϯ㲻ɣ
ڵĿһ
ҾͲܸǰˣϾĶҶЦ
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ǰ˹ڵʬƵϸȻͷųĶʬȻᱻաҶЦ
ߵҶ˵ĳԣ֮ɫͻȻ¶ϲɫ
ߵı飬־ϲ
Ȼ̧ͷҶ壬еʵﻹûУ
ѪʬԴԴϵڣһҶ֮ˣҪʬĥԣеõ֮


624 ˡ
ֻҪǰӦٶԸǣֻ֤ҪţԲǰʬ֮࣡ҶЦ
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625 ǿ
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626 뿪
ҶȥԺʱԺĳĸۡһ䷿ڣһӢӻУ޴ơ
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ӢЦһʧ٣ұ˵㣬ֻûȥħ½ˡ
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627 ʱ
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Ҷȴ˿ʹЦЦ˵ȴְŮӾȻ¶ᣬһ뿪ڵɲǣһЦεܺãܶԵң
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ǰŮӺ͹ūһģһȴȫʶҶ塣Ҷ屾Ϊǹūȴû뵽ŮƺĲϵңŮӺǰĹϵƺǱѰ
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ѵϴˣҶ忴ŰŮȥķɻ


629 ε
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631 ε˼
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635 
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ǰֻεУɫЩãȻƺʲô
Īʲô²ɣҶ롣
Ȼǰεͷһĳȹ̾ȹպģܼϡ
˵ţͷųʶɨΧֱȥ
Ҷͷųʶ̽εȥķ򣬶ʱǸиˮأһЦæջʶԭΪε
ͬʱǰˮУεѾˮԡΧƣ籡ɴΪˮеƽ˼УƺߵĻҲʱȻʧɫ
ȻһĽЦεУҸᣬû뵽Ȼôһɫˣ
ε侪ȴȻܱ侲ĿˮΧ֣ͬʱˮѾһѽ
ҿӦòֻؾ츳ҲǵЦ֪ӺδƮٶȺԶҪԶԶǣ㣬ȻʱҵΪ䵽ֻؾպضͻͽ
㾿˭εʵ
ҲǾǰ𣿡Цεǰ
ε̧ͷȥֻǰһʮ˲ܺϱĴȻ˺ѿѷ죬ʵõġƷΣ۾͡
ˣεһ
ֻǿһ֣
ƽȥͨĴûʲôǾǺܶ࣬򼸺޷ǡľ֮Ԫ׺׺൱ӵľϵֵˡ
ԣǺľ֮Դ
֮⣬ԿɾͲ̫ˣܶˣһ¶ŵԴ˵ͻ컯
ԣܶ˶ѡ壡
ǰҲ֪˶꣬ϢȻ˿ЩѾ˾ŵԴ컯ߡ
εԲ˵Ķ֡
òҪܿࡣһЦϴŵͻȻƮಷˮԱߣεˮС
εҧ촽˼ߡ
ͻȻӽնм٣ͼն٣ʵ̫ӲĽ÷顣
ٺ٣ƾΪӳҵģЦٿһֱ۰ִε
εͷųͷ죬ݻ˺󣬵ס٣ٶʱɱϵĺˣٻˮУסε
εʱã
ٺ٣ӽңұ㣬ʲôõģһЦٺȻקεɳˮأȥ

һӰͻȻһն˲εϵ٣ŵ¥ε
εƼԼ˾ȻҶ壬һ𣬽¶ãȻʹ֮ɫ
С֣ȻһĴ£
˱ŭǧ٣ǵصҶε
ҶүϢǣ컯Ż籩ϯ١
Żɢ˰Χ
˸о֮˷ӿæһڣҶ׷ףγһ򣬰ҶγɵϣһʱȻ޷ơ
⡭ʮ˵֮
ҶЦһ󽣣ʹӽŸɫѹҶγɵġ֮¡һ죬ըѣҶĴ䡣
¶˳е֣л˵
ˣ㲻ô⣡
ҶЦ֮ͬʱˡ
Ȼӵп컯ԲΪԴʩչУȫóս
ҶŭڵһֻܶӣֻμСһ˵棬ʧ
ҶЦһͷųʶ˶ߵķ֮§ε׷ȥ
ȻոշɳʮԶεͻȻڣȵȣ
Ҷ岻ͣĿεɫģҲܵģ
εȴȻͷðż֣㡭ȷֿңҪ·
Ҷһͷһеε˿̸޴ƣˡ
εҶ첻𻰣̧ͷҶ壬֪һ̧ͷ㿴ҶǻȵĿ⣬ŭӣ㡭㿴ʲô
Ҷɿȼεתͷɿε
εҲƵ˸С
Ƭ֮ҶڨڨЦûУ
û˻ش
ҶһĪȥ뵽תУһУ㿴ڴε
㡭ʲôεŭ
ҶһЦתȥ˵ôòΪˡ
εҧź촽˵ҡҵǬպ˵ıˡ
֮ǰȥԡʱȴûԼѾû·ɻ
Ҷһ㶣󲻽Ц˳εε̯̯֣ҿûŮ˴·
˵ġҲСε˵
ҿʲôطô·ø㣿ҶЦ
ʮ岽ˡε˵
Ҷ嵱ˣȴ߲ˡ
εֱţеұһȻ˺󡣡
ҶӺףɻʣεǱһң
εɻ󣬡𣿡
Ȼ𡣡ҶЦ㱳ңұߺҵұ߾Ͳһˣҿɲԩ·
һֱ㡣εش
Ҷ̾
̾ʲôεʡ
̾㶼ܿңȴñ㡣Ҷ̾
ٺĻҡ
εĻû˵꣬ҶҲƵʮεĴԣ·εЦ컻ϰɣ˵ˣеģ
εһţæȥ·
Ҷ岻¶Цݡ


636 
ҡҴˣתɡεĿڡ
ҶתȥһϯװεӶˣƽ˼ӢҶ岻ˡ
ε΢죬ҲҶ壬ͻȻҶ߿첽˹ȥ
ҶŻعæתȥ
εͷҶ壬û˵Ҹʲô
ҶЦ˵˵ˣֻ壬ȻҰģҾ񱣻İȫ
ҡε˵Ҳ㱣һ뵽ղŲ㱻˶ᣬû˵ȥתߡ
Ҷϲæȥ
һ·ϣεͷҲأûиҶ˵
ҶĿһߵεߣЦǺǵ˵ε˵¸ˣ·Ҳĵġ
εûҶ塣
㲻˵Ҿ͵ӦˣҶЦЦҲεش𣬱㿪ʼĹ¡
ĵһǰߴεˡ
ƼεıˣҶŽȥ
֪ҶѾѹ½˰ӱѺε̲סʵأ
ҶһЦֿʼ֮Ĺ£ǳɵĽ۸һ£붴츣أȥһ硣
֮εԹôɶΪʲôôõ³
ҶĿһЦ˵뿪츣غɢһˣ³ܲңǸŮӵĸҲһ׷ѷѹ
ε¶Цݣ漴ͻȻɻʵΪʲôɢˣ
Ҷ強ЦݣΪ֮ԻҲǱƵģʵǰҲš
εʳʲô⣬æʼڶ£ĵڶɽףӢ̨
ɽףӢ̨ڵԺĳˡʦԺĵطҲԼӸıࡣ
ĲųʱεǾģ̲ס˵˺ܻҺܲϲ
ҶпЦ㲻ϲҲĳ
Ҷ˵˻ʱεѾǸжǸж֮࣬εȴ룺˵𣿡
ʱҶֿʼߵ£ţ֯ŮĹ£ְѹ΢۸һ£֯Ůȷʧ䵤ȫʧ
ţɷѾǧ࣬һȵҵ֯Ůȴû뵽֯Ůȴʶţɡţɷŭǣ֯ŮȻϾҪˡ
Ȼţɺܷŭȴ޿κΣΪ֯ŮѾʶˡ
˵ҶͻȻͣ
أε̲סʵ
ҶҡҡͷĹ£Ҳ
εͻȻӦҶ˵ʵǱ⣬Ťͷȥ·Ҷ塣
ҶҡͷЦǲҵĻ
˼·
ûã֣߳Ҷȡбεҩڷȥ
ϣҶ忴վڴͷε룺ҩڣūߣ߰ūҲƱػǳѡǿдū뿪ĻūԲߣ
ȥһ׻ǿǻڲڡεȻڡ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷб׻Ƿȥ
ܿ죬Ҷεͽ׻ǡ
׻ǡ
Ҷεֻصǰľ¥ż䣬ǷʹѾˣǰǸУǵ֪ʹѾҩˡ
֪뿪Ǳ뿪¥ȴֺ˽Ҷ弱æεǸżڡ
Ǹ¶֮ɫ֪ʲô¡
˵ҪȥʥôˣεҶ塣
Ҷ˵ŭͻȻ洫ͰȻ˶Ҳ
ҺͰūҶһ
εҲ
ǸһѾ²⵽Щʲô
ȥңŭٴ
үǶҪؿѾʼˣٵĻ
ߣүȥʥ𣿡
ڸ׻ǣò˶þͻˡ
ˣң
˵ţƺѾż䡣
ߺҶ忴ǸЦϣ㵱ʲôҲ֪
ƴͷ
Ҷͷųͷģüģŵûʧɫ
ģҲɱġҶЦϣܰ˵ȥ
һհ죡ֵ̿ĵ
ȥɡҶЦ
æ˳ȥ
޸ս˵˾棬뿪Ļ϶ᱻǷ֡εɫء
Ҵһ׹ѧ֮ǾͿԹĳȥˡҶһЦ
ʲô򣿡ε档
Ҷ嵱ѡ׽ϴ蹦еǹڸεֻؾҲô̵ʱѧģεһΪ֮ǰѾѧ
ʵҶȫʥͼε뿪ûΪ׹εļ䡣
εʼͬʱҶʥͼʶУʼ̽ż䡣
żڣĸŮȾƣպ컡
Ȼż⴫µүʥ˵ˡ
˰֣ĸŮվĴ
ڡ
ſһĸ˽ż䣬һˣˣһ˵ΪֻѾԽ컯Ҷ͸˵Ϊ
ĸʥ˹ү
ؿɡЦ
ʥ˵¡
λλһСæ
ǸЦү˵ĻֻҪүһ£ʥǸҲϧ
Цã³֮һڵĳ飬ʥӵ
лүʥ˴ϲæл
ǶӦ˵ҩڵɣЦʵ
Ǹ˵ͷҩֻش½ĶΪ֪ǿУ㱻ǿ߳汣סҩڣҩͲˡ
һʥ˽˵ʱҩҩڵǨ׻ǣΪ׻ǵһǺҩͻȻʧˣ˵ҩΪȥѰһ츣ʧٵġ
ǺǣЩֻǴ˵ѣʼʱţö֮ûˡһЦԴҩʧٺҩھ˥Ѿǰˡ
ҸǣҩȥҵǸ츣ȷʵءȻЦ
һ
Ǹ츣ǸԲµģҩ浱ȻҲȴȫܺȣԲŻ档Ц
ʥ˵ĿȻûһԲǿµĶ츣أ澿жٱ˭Ҳ
ȥǸ츣صͼҩڣֻҪܵõͼܵõĶЦ
ʥ˸ӼţǸɻүΪβֱҩҪͼ
һο˵£ȴܾˣ
ʥ˰룬ѹֱȥҩҪͼҩ֮ڣοµĻѾҩڡ


637 ҩɽ
ʥ˲ο£ǸԸοӦӵǸɫүôܷԸǡ
ҪǶҩʩѹаЦһᰵ֧ǣҪ̵ʱڱƵҩ·ߣʱҽǵͼ
ǣүʥͬʱͷ
һĻҶ尵ҩڿҪ鷳ˡ
ȻȥҩڣҲЩ£ֻðūָ䡣
ջʶεεҲǡɻ˵Ҹо׹ӦúǡΪʲô
ҶЦ˵ǰѧҲ˵
εüͷøԽͷԽʹ
Ҷ岻ĿȥǱ˵߾߰ɣ䡣
εͷ
˸ıò뿪ż䡣
¥ڹȻо޸ս˵ˣǲûϳҶε
ڣ뿪׻ǣƬ̺ϻҩڣ;УҶ弸ζεǿдߣ󶼷ˡ
ҩڡ
ɵ֪ε֮󣬼æӭ˳Ҷ廤εʱ򣬶ʻգɫȴ䣬зȵĸлҶ塣
ЦҶ֣Һε׵ʱһҪϯ
˵꣬εذٻȥˡ
εͷĿҶһۣתͷ
ҶϻƸոջصƸһ˱š
ˣȻο£
Ҷο뷿Цο¹ﲻҶĳİɣ
οһЦҶӣҶҺһ¯ҩ
ҩôʦαң
ȻɻҶȴЦʣ֪ο¹ʲôҩ
ƷοЦ
ҶҡҡͷҲ̫ҶĳˣҶĳûƷҩľ
˵ƷƷҩľûСοƷƵѶȸֵҩ컯ӲͻƵĻᣬЧ˾˵ĵҩѶ᲻
Ҷֵ֪ҩҪһʮҩģҶԻҪҲǳߣҪбԴĻУҲ˵ֻ컯߲ʸơ
Ҷʵڸ㲻οΪʲôЭΪֻֻؾ
ѵοѾ֪ԼڶʱΪҶ롣
ܿԼĲ²⣬ûοǰչ¶ʵοҲûм֪ܡ
ҶûƷҩľ鲻ҪοоˡοЦʵο֮ǰûƹҲûݹҩϣԣҩϵ㽻Ҷˡ
ҶЦŵͷҶĳһΪ
ҪҩģҩҲ޷롣ҩڶҩɽв˱ҩ׼һ£Ǳȥҩɽҩռֱ֮ҩɽѵҩƺãҩ֮һһ룬ҶӾΣοЦ
ҶͷڰūΪҲֻؾʱ׶ˡ
Ҷӣÿ㡣οȻһЦǶȥ
ο֮Ҷϣ룺ο¾ΪʲôңĪΪܵɣ
ΪҸߣò
ҶǣҩڵĵλҪԸҸô鷳οǴȺԺˡ
ԽԽͿ
Ȼ˼ɣȴҲɾܾο¡
ҶˡҶ

ͬʱοѾصķ䡣
㿴ƺܸˡ
ο¸ս뷿䣬һ˱ķ⣬ɡ
ѵϣѹ𣿡οתɣЦ
ȻǡЦֻ룬Ϊʲôôˣҿɴûˡ
¾ͲˡοЦЦת
ĿһЦ㣬Ҿˡ
ȥͰ˵һ£Ҫ뿪ҩȥһҩɽڴοµ
ãһЦת뿪˷䡣
һ䣬ɫͱ÷ǳΪҲ֪ȥǸҶСȥСʲôõģΪʲôεΪ겻ᣬҲ
ҩɽոȥСӣھ˵ҪȥҩɽĪСҲҪͽһȥ
ɵǺȻ¶˹Цݣ첽ȣʧ
ε˵·ʼѾҶ嶯ɱġ


ڶ죬һҵҶ壬ЦŶҶ˵ҩɽвٱҩҹŻ֣ҹǰȥҩɽǴСǰתҶӵġ
˵ţߵݸҶһö
Ҷסһȥҩɽ·ߣο»ǻϵĵطע˳
С˵עĵطҶӡЦͲҶˡ
Ҿתȥ
Ҷ嵱뿪ҩڣ·ֱҩɽȥ
ҩɽȫҩڣʥͱҲһȨ
ҩɽһ̾ڴϵľҶһҩɽ㷢˲ٱҩȴƷҩ˵ûʲôô
ϵ·ֱҩɽضȥ
ԽҩɽߣΪԽǿЩΪҲ󾳶ѣҽӽҶ塣
ڱҩҶȴԽԽ٣Ⲣ֣ԽҩɽߣҩƷҲԽߣҲԽǿ
ʱҶοԼϵĵططٻţϼεԪ棬ʺС
ҶŻСߣʱ㿴һͨɫ޴ޱȣĻܣŨҩӻдƢ
ǡҶһѵɻ껨
ɻ껨ֱҩ亱һֻħ½ֻش½Ҳв٣˵Բᳬǧ䡣
ɻ껨רſΪʳǳ£ϲħһ
Ȼɻ껨ĻǶ仺򿪣ҩɢҶ壡
뿪ɻ껨ΪүҶС

Ҷ͵ҧתʩչߡ
ѵο֪˴ɻ껨ԲŹĿľɻ껨ɱң
뵽ҶЦο£Ҷĳûе㣬ȶҶĳֵģ
ͻȻһҶǰĵһɫ

Ҷ󽣣ȥն
ͬʱ˷ӿΧ
ɻ֮
Ҷ岻룬ɵ֣ͷų֮еֵ
͡
ɻ֮֮֯һ໥ɣվȻ൱
֮ռϷģֻҶ弴үΪҲȫȲɻ껨Բֵֻܿסɻ֮
˼飬ĵ־Ȼܿҵɻ֮
ɻ껨صҶܣⲢħɻ֣Ҳħˣ㾿˭
ߣ˭˵ҲħˣҶߡ
ٺ٣࣬ƭҡɻ껨Ц
ҵɻַ䡣Ҷɫ䡣
㻯ħҿɻ껨Ц


638 
ҵɻַ䣬Ѿܻħ𡣡Ҷε˵
ƻ࣬Ʊ磡
һȹŮӴҶǰȹŮ̬飬촽棬ˮĶˡȹŮӣɻ껨û֮ˡ
˵ǼٻΪʲôܿסɻ֮ĵ֣ҶЦ
ȹŮĿ˸Ц˵֮Ҳܿɻ֮ĵ֣ѵ֪𣿡
ҹªţ࣬ӵܹסɻ֮ĵ֣ҶЦȷʵ֪ЩɵһԿɻ֡
ȷʵªšȹŮӻһתҼ飬֪ǲħˡ
˵ţȹŮһҶ壬һָҶüġ
Ҷ弱æˡ
ߣȹŮߣָҶüģ
ΣͷҶʥͼס˺ȹŮһָһָʥͼϣʥͼҶ壬Ŷһ𵹷ɳȥˤڵء
Ҷ屻³һѪǿȻԳסһָ֮ʥͼֱӱһָĨɱ
ģʱɱ㡣ȹŮЦҪɱ㣬ҲǸ㾿ʲô֮¡
ðɣ˵ʵҶֳӣ˵ʵҸħһλʥ
ߣ˵˵ȹŮߵħʥ֮ӣĵ̳֣
Ҷ弱æʵүħһʥʲô֣ʲô
ȥ޼½ħʥһףǸý֣˷ǳɫү
ԣҶ̧ͷźȹŮӣ̾Ҹ׵Ӧ˵˼ҽף
ף
ȹŮһȻ˵ףҲ˵׼壬ŮӶйϵ
Īǻ׵˽ӣ
ĸʵһ࣬ĸ׶˵Ϊгִܹ֮ħ½ʱȥҸסҶ̾
Ϊһ˵Ļ𣿡ȹŮЦ
ߣɱҶʲôô𣿡ҶߵΪ˵һ쵽ħ½ڵ츳ضõħӣʱĺô𣿡
Ҷ岻ȹŮ˼ʱ䣬˵ҵı֣Ҫɻ֮ϣҲˡħ֪ҵĴڣǻǴȥħ½ˣǻ𣿡
뿴ĵУʲôʱͻƵȥħ½Ļʮ꣬Ϊ¾ͻͻͽ
Уħ½ɻ껨Ĺ磬ȥ֮󣬻ѧɻ껨Դ˵ɻ껨ԴħǿԴڵĻҲлѧ
츳ò˶˵ܳΪɻ껨һŮ
Ҷ˵ͣĭŽ˵ɱҵĻͶְɣҿҪ㣬ᣬԺ¾ûôõĻˡ
ҵԪ񣬶Ϊ΢΢ҵĻõĽԶԶǴˣ֪ѡ񡣡
˵Ҷڲٶ˵ʲôˡ
ʥͼڵүа̾Ҳ֪ʵĻҲᱻСӺˡ
ȹŮӳĬܾ֮ͻȻһҶ塣
Ҷа̾һѾ׼ʥͼȹŮֽʥͼֻһ¾͵һӶʥͼˡ
Ȼһ̣ȴˣֻȹŮߵߣһСĹʵӦ֪ʲôȻߡ
Ҷסʵʵͨڣ沼˺ɫơ

Ҷȷʵֹ֪ʵֹʵǴһֺϽģ˻Ԫһȥʱڱָܻ
ȻǰƲҪ̫ء
Ҷ嵱Ѻȥһʱǣվ
ߣòҪߡȹŮЦһǰĻ
ҶЦЦȥȻ֪ڲߣߣ֮ǰͰ׺ˡ
ïܵĻԣȹŮӺҶһǰһ˷С
Ļ󣡡Ҷ尵
ȹŮӲĿҶ壬ЦԭиʦЩԴȫõġ
Ȼ˲õģΪʲô֪߹Щ󷨣Ҷɻ
Ϊұ˴ġȹŮЦұϷȴץߴȻһ¯ҩǵҵΪߣҩ̫Ѿ˵ҩ
Ȧץ޺ιңĿľΪƵҩϧûü㱻ش
֮ӵٺ٣ĳҲ׷˽˴սǼһɱˣԼҲ;ƿݣˡ
֮Ҵϵõ˲ٹĵ伮ʮƿϵķӡ֮֮˼ʮ͸󷨣߳˻󡣡
ұ뿪׻ǵģ׻вߣһҳȥĻǿ϶Ӧңʱ
ҶȻʵѵһֱû˷ҩɽ𣿡
ٺ٣ȻСȹŮЦҩϼһѾ֪ҵĴڣҲֶԸңϧΪȻҸߣȴҲκβңΪЩá
Ҳ˵ֻҪҩڵ֪ĴڡҶʵ
֪˶ѾɱˡȹŮЦ
ԣҶЦο°ο£Ȼ赶ɱˡ
ˡȹŮӺȻͣ½Ų
ҶҲͣǰǸľСȣɽȾͷٲ£עˮ̶СɽߵʯϿ˰˸ʯңʯ֮¡ɽұһƬԴסҩźܶ౦ҩ
ɽһʯĸʯΡ
µľɫҶĿ
һɱ˲գ۵ɻ껨Ȼס֮ĵط
ŵĻ󣬼Ҳȥ뱻棬ǧҪߡȹŮѡ
ΪʲôҪߣҶЦһҪȥħ½ء
ԸˡȹŮ
ҶһЦȻʵǰڴ˵ز˾ĸɵˣ
ֻ˵ʲôԺͽ˭֪ĸɵˡȹŮӵ
ҶһԺͽֻɸûĸԺΪ
ֻ޼½УѵǴ޼½ӳģ
ԣʥǰ˵֮⣬û뿪޼½
˾˭Ҷ循ɣæʵǸ˵ʬʲôط
ʲôȹŮ
˶Ѿˣҿһֲʲô鷳ҶЦ
ȹŮӴҶ˵ʯҡ
ĳҲ𣿡ҶȻʵ
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˵䣬ѾҶ崳ͨʯҡ


639 Ժͽ
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ǵѪǱ̵ġЦǵѪ⣬ҲΪ
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Ҷһҧͨһˮ̶


640 ̶¼ս
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642 ҩΣ
ʮʱҶԪüζ𡣲ھʮʱ˿֮ԪҲǿ˲٣
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ǱҲ߳һ꣬꣬ʥٹ౱ڤ
ɴŭ֣һְסļתͷһȻĸҩʦҧѵҲź𣿡
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ʱִһЦҲ԰ڽҵƷע
شһЩ˽


643 
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߳սֻؾ˥ĻҲǡҩʦЦǲͬĻͲñȥˡ
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Ժ츳ǿߣ


644 ɵĺ
峤εҲǾȻģǷΪҩڣһϴҩʦ
Ҳ׷״Ȱ˵ҩʦҲϣΪһŮӶҩڡ
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δ˵꣬ɱ㴫㣡
ɵĻεǸжȴ֪ȴЦҲҶûιϵΣҲҪ취ס㣬ҵòģҲҪȵõˣ
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Ҷ忴εԶȥӰһ̾Ҳ뿪䳡صƸ

ͬʱҩʦķڡ
οĶ˵ΪʲôҪðŸҶ壬Ҷɻ껨֮أ
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ԽԽŭɱԽǿԽأ
ڣһҧǾʲô뿪뿪ҩڡ

һɻصҩڣ˰ٻӡ
磬ôˣεЦŰӭ˰ٻӡ
ٻӺ̾εҶϴ̫ͿˣȻɻ껨Ҷ֡
磬Ҷһġεο
ε֪ѴҶ֣Ҷò˶ñΪҽұҶɫ
ԣεͻȻһʹɫͻȻЩ԰ףԼҲû뵽ҶҪȢ˺Լʹࡣ
иӼʣɫȴ䣬ĵεôˣ
ûûʲôεǿЦ
һЦ˵εȥҶȥ׻¥뵱
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εŸҶ壬˵׻¥Ҷ塣ŵͬʱһȥ׻ǡ
ҶӵĴѶϲѣæ뿪ҩڡ


645 Χɱ
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εҶ֮ǰ˾¥żڣżڵɿεȻˣɫһ䣬ϻָƽЦŰεż¡
εôˣҶأЦʵ
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ɿεı飬Цҵģ
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ȻǴȥҩɽʱһЦͻȻǰԴ׻ǵʱҾˣû뵽ڲų˵οµĹϵһ㣬ץסĻ֪᲻ͼ
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ǿߣȻȫ
ߣ
ץҶ壬תӣǿߣûκʤ㡣
ǿ׷ȥ


646 ֮
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ħΪλҶСһѲҶСӺħйأü
ٺ٣οºħϢȺԺȺԺƱο»ȥʱ򡭡һ

ͬʱ֮زԶУε˹һѹƼ˻æʵʲôطأ
ʲôطҲֻ֪ܸ㣬ڻû񵭵
ھȥ֮ε
ߣߵòײߣȥǾẦ
εȥĻţ˵ɳ֡
ЩҪķӣһ̾ȥ
˺ܿ˼֮ء
ͳѾˡ
Ѿˡ˵ӦѾûˣµԴµĻҵԴԶʧˡ
ȥʲôطεʵ
֪ҲѾҩڡ˵
ھͻҩڡεɫ
ҡҡͷҵݱȽ⣬ȥҩڡ
ԼȥεͷҲأתߡ
εߺ󣬻ǰϷӿŨûиӦӦ档
ҶµԴܸӦҶĴڡ
֮㶼㾿ʲôҡҡͷڼ֮زԶ˸طȴҶ塣

Ũ棬ȻһƬޱ޼ʵĴ󺣣ƣҶͷųʶɨܣʶȻֻܸǷԲһɡ
ʲôطҶ
ﲢ׻ǡү˵ĿռӦĳǿ߿ٳĶ츣ء
֮ؾȻĳǿ߿ٳĶ츣ءҶһ
СģȻ߽Σգ˵ӦзǳµĴڡүѵ
ĪдʥɣҶ岻ʵ
ôʥүû˵
ҶЦЦ֮صΪʲô׻ǣĪǿٳ츣ص˵׻ǣ
ˡү˵֮صڲ׻ǣûпĵطпڼ֮صĿռ˺Ѳģ֮ڵĳھԲ׻ǡ
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ΪʲôҪҶʡ
ΪҪˡе˵ϴѹʱ򣬶֮ȫˡǰΣֱǶڻ֮ľ֮򣬽֮ˡһΣҪֵˮ֮ˣȥ򡣡
˭Ҷ巴ʡ
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ΪѾٶˡе̾ô꣬ˡ
ҶüЩ˵Ļ
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647 ɽ
ˣĻȥĸطɣڴ˵أɡе˵ĹɣٹʱҪѹˡ
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ˣ֪طˣе˺Ȼʵ
Ҷҡͷ
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ٺ٣ˣǰֲûԹǰٶҲûáе˺ٺЦЦ
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֮򣬾Ȼħ֮ء
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ѪƯһŰ೤Ľди֣ءȡ䡢ˣ
ɫɢɽ⣬˷˲ֱӡ
ѪвѪӿʴɫȴɫɢˡ
ѪԱһȦˣǧˣеֳֳڽѪأеԼѪѪأѪ֮ǱϢ
ҶһɨӹȥڽѪصˣ컯Щ˿ϢӦЩڷѪ˾ʲôΪ

ҶһԼ޷͸ΪˣضȻϰٸǿߣ
忴ǰһĻҲ֮ɫ
ҶĿ壬ĵȻû
һҶУٺ٣ԲϸѪԲµĸѪأѪӷ
Ҷа˵ˣǱѹ֮ˡ
ԭˡ̾һŲԶѪȥ
ҶȥʵǰղʱΪʲô
ңΪʲôҪ㶪֮򣿡Цˡ
Ҷͷ
˵ˣÿֻĸˣĸ򳬹ĸˣʹĸߣֻˣ˵ÿպĸˣһƱػһ˵֮أ˭Ҳ׼ֶԸˣ˭ɱˣɱˡ
ҶȻѹǶңѹǵΪôߣȴûж֣ѹˮ֮˻ƭˮ֮ᱻ̳ˡ
忴ǰѪԵˣЦǰǶΪ˶ˣû뵽ǲû
ʲôҶ岻ʵ
忴ӽʹйҲ˵
ҶҲֽɵⲻǷŵִ𣿡
һ֪ⶫ


648 Ҷ
ҶҡҡͷҲ֪
㲻֪Ϊλִ֪䣿ȻҶĻ
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̡Ȼ뵽˱ѹ֮·˵ĻͺĪָǷˣ
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ҡҡͷ취вͨЩǿеһչرǧ꣬Ҳеһ뿪űǧ꣬˭֪ǲʧˣ
˵䣬Ѫȥͼǿ̸߽
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һ컯߿Ҷ壬ЦģţһѪеĳҶ塣
ҶֽסһҲ֪ʲôϴģʮءУܳˮصһ˿ϰɳ
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컯ҡҡͷ̾ԽԽѣֹҪꡣ
ҪȼܳȥҶɫѿ
ʱѾҲ˵컯ЦЦ
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Ŷʲôʱ򣿡Ҷʵ
Ҵ˽⵽Ϣλǰÿʮ᳢Գ忪֮صķӡٹ죬λǰҪжˡҶ˵λǰǰһ˶ͷһѪŨҵѪɷ֮ڸסִķ⣬԰֮صķӡ͵С
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Ȼ˵ΪҪѪɷ֮УԼҲԲСֵܣΪֻؾ˥ѣʱһҪСģ
лǰ㣡ҶЦŵͷ

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˱߽Ѫأ̸Źз£Խ̸ԽͶ
컯УҪŵԴУҪںϱԴҶЦһҪںϾŴαԴÿںϳɹһΣرԴڣߵԪ񣬾Ŵܴ֮ﵽԲ


649 
ںϱԴֻںϡҶ͵ˮ֮Դľ֮ԴںһΣˮ֮Դͻ֮ԴںһΣκ˶ܰϵıԴںϡ
Ҳ˵ܰѻ֮Դˮ֮Դľ֮ԴںϡҶ˵
ҶͷֱֹԴֱԴҲһģ˭Ҳû취ںϳɹһںϱرԴɶǴʥҲֵס֮ⷴ
û˳Թ𣿡Ҷ岻ʵ
УϧǶˡҶЦǧҪȥԡ
ҶЦˣȻȥԡ
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أҶʡ
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ѪԱߣ˶ֱۣԼѪѪأʱѪ죬ִͷųķڱ˴롣
ҶҶҲָԼֱۣѪѪء
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˷ܵƣ
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ֻش½յ𶯵Ĳ½Ϊ֮㤡
޸սˡʦѧǳ۹쾵ڣɵǿ߾ͷųʶ̽Դ֮ء
֮أ
ĪɷҪɣ
ɵǿƺǵǡ
ţҲܵ˲ǿ߶һʥͷųǿʶɨǿգҲ֮ط˱ʡ
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ͬʱħҲյ˲ħҲ𾪲ѣúѵҪ𣿡
ħ½ǿͬ𾪣ĪҪ˲ɣ

壬ʥϣȴ˿Цˣ
ҲƲͺµķ䣬û뵽߾ȻԼƿˣ
һ֣ƿ䲢֣
ʮˣڳˣ
ߣȥȥ
޴ޱȵӰӴʥֱ֮߳ضȥ
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ʥȺݣǿȥ
ͬʱŵָѣҲ˺ѿ
ֳˣһЦصǿգЦ֮ظֱˡ
׻ϣһ˻ס׻ǣ׻
Ȼˡ
ӣһ˾磬Ҫ𣿡


650 ʥ
Ҫˡ˵
ǻȥȥꣿ˼ͬʵ
Ǿ֪꾿ڲˡ˵
磬Ѿӳˣ᲻ȥҴ۹鷳
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һӷ֮䵽ɸ߿кͣ£ɢɢĽУȻһֻӣֻ˷ܣһ
һֱ֮ʹܵձ̤һɳĿռѷͻȻ֣ӵԶȥ
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Χϣ鶼ڵأɪɪ
ֻش½ϣǿǻ𾪣ɫأûǸܱƽ
𾪵ˣ۹۶Ȼ˷󣬵۹ʥѾȫɵ˵۶Ϸɫء
ʱֹֻ֮ͣش½һʧ
һ̣ƾճ˴۹۶ǰֻҡһ䣬һ׻ƽսͻȻϣͬʱѾһɫ
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ȻӸûˣȻһȥ
ʥһҧƾճڹ·ס˹ӡ

һȥҲ֪жȻʥеĵȫɳ֡
ʥĳһԡ
ͻȻԶһɸߵľˡ
ӲĿŷľˣЦҪȰң찳ﲻϼһңʮ˴Բưոݣ
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Ӱ仰Ҳûж˵ֱʮˡ
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һǿ߱뿪˵ʲôѾˣֻܺŸһֵֵӵĳ

ʮǿԴȴȻһӸ˼
ʮǿеһסڷӿѪ˵ʥʹ˰ְɣѾˡ
۹Ϊء˵һʵۡ
ʥʹ˰ְɡŸǿҲ׷Ȱ
ʥ㱻֮غ塢ħ塢ħ岻ˣֵܵסǣ˵ˣǸȺԺˡ
ɫ˲٣˵ʥ˵ϣʹ˰ְɣϾѾˣĶԹֺα᣿
ƨô꣬ôˣ
ʥλŸɮȴûУ뱨ĻΪβȥѵ˵Ӳɣ쾵ڵǿ˵
ͺӣŭȡ
ȻˣʥӦȥλɮ˴Ҵ۹鷳쾵ڵǿЦ
ߣһ죬ȥģһͻȻתƿշߡ
һߣɵǿǶ˿ɷǡ

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֪ҡͷ갳ûüء


651 ߴʥ
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ҿٵúü֮Żĳ
ԣҶ尵룺ںûл֮ǰȲμսɡֻҪеһɿϰҵæټϴʥǵˣȲ޼½ˡ
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ϰˣĪǿ׻˲ɣЦϲĻǰ׻ǣ
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ҩڵӿҶվæЦݹǲ
Ҷ忴Ҳûһۣһ˳ȥ
վסҩڵӵȣסҶȥ·
Ҷȡ
ҩڵŭˣͬʱӽɱҶ壡
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ϵܣǵӦҵ𣿡Ц
ϵܣҲӦңҪһӦûǰɣЦ
2015һ죬һƱ


653 
ͳصĻǿЦĳ֮գλүɷ񡭡
СаЦѶǡ
ϵܣ㻹ǾɡЦ
ɻɾǷʲô
Ƕֻһ֪ĳҪ˭ɳ˵
ٺ٣ͼֻһţ߲ǻиͼı𣿡ͻȻε
˵ı鶼ܾʣĪλصүҪײɣǲ֪Ǿ޸ս˵ˡ
ҶЦһ룺Ҳū⣿
ɱľٶ̣ǿŭ˵ү㲻˵
ĻЦֻѡҪôͼεҪôҩڱɱ
ҵϣɴ󾪡
ҩڵĳϺ͵ҲʧɫȻץסˡ
μӻ߶ɲѣ꾿ʲôݣȻҩץˣһһ޿ֵӣ
ɣҪǺãҪ׻ҪšаЦûοڣҩʲôҲǡ
ɫ԰ף˿εֿ˿ˣһʱ侹֪ѡ
Ȼһҩڳ˳˵ͼҿԸǣεҲǴߣǱϰˣ
뿪ֹ춼ſˣȴ˵ҩڣסʧȥҩںףһУʧȥεȢ
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ҩڽλҩһɽУǸԴյء
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ҩڵ˴ųغͺ˽ɽȣغͺҩڵ˻ˣУΪкüǿߡ
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Ȼɵҩ֮ȴ¶˼֮ɫ
ֻ̨ϵĻͻȻǣϯֶȥ

ǿ߱ˣ䵽˳غͺߣϵƤս˲١
ŭɵˣȵͼȡ
رռ̨Դİ취ֻο֪һҩڳ˵
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תͷɵˣǺЦЦһһɱߣԸͼǵʱǱ֡
ҩڵ˴󾪡
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ҶεȥҩɽܿǱǸɽС
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ʵǲѡҶЦ
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ĪҲȥǸ츣أεʵ
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εѾ֪Ҷ˵ʲôˣûпܣҧź촽˵Сʱңʲôط
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εȴҶ壬ͻȻתɽ˳ȥ
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654 Сʯ
εҶ֣̾һҲû취شң𣿡
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εҡͷҾͲڵˡ
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˵ǰһˣǸ˲ǵˣҲһۡ˵
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εɫ΢죬漴ͷĬˡ
ҶŻҲ̫ܺ˵˵˰ɣ
ȴûҶ壬̾ҺɣָĻ᲻һʱ벻
ҶԽԽʹһ١
Ȼε̧׿Ҷ壬ҧź촽˵ھȥǸ츣ء
εҶ˵ʲôͻȻӿڵãھͳ
Ҷͷ˵ãھߡ
߳ɽȣ뿪׻ǡ
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ѱ׻ǣҲûҵҶˣ۷ҩڡ
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֪ȴͻȻվ˳˵ҽϻһӡͼ
ӣҩʦ³һѪҩڵĳǷţѾ赹ڵء
ͳһۣɫأͼοϾͲðˡ
λүһƣЦ
ŶʲôƲߣغͺʵ
ҵϣҽ֪֮һϰѶóǽЦ
ٺ٣Ǹ⡣Ц
λүҵĻû˵꣡˵ҽϾǴȺԺˣλҪͼ»вʡԣҽλҽһȥǸ츣أٺ٣ȻҵҲҪһȥ
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658 ĴԴ
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ִŭȣͻȻӻͳһöעԪ
ȻͻȻҽһ˵ϣϵĳ鴤ı飬ʹࡣ
Ԫѩ¥һִߴ߶еͻǳʹࡣ
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ͻȻһĮĶУϲĥˣ
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ֻûԸҶ壬ҵõҶϵԴ«ѣҶѾˣΪҶ壬»ȺԺɵĳͻ
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ҶµĿⶼܱ䣬ȻضǾһŻڡ



678 ðƹ
Ҷ˰ѹȻȳʱֻϷһҷбʻħ½
бϵˣǹūʹ߹ūЩħˡ
ħ˶Թūǳ֮ãӦ
һ䲼üݻķ䣬иԡأƣˮŻ꣬һŮӴԡ߳Ů̧۵ȹӺߵŮߡ
һŮͰŮӴȹŮϢ
һŮϲ
ŮӿŮЦʲôʱħ½
Ůӣǹū
аҵ·̱㵽ˡһŮЦ
ܸ˵˵ħ½𣿡ū̾Ѿüǧûлȥ̫ǵħ½ʲôˡ
ῪЦһŮЦùūڸЦͬħ½״˹ū
ħ½Աֻش½Ľ֮һ½Ͼųɵ鶼ħˣ֮⣬һɻ껨һ顣
ħ½оʥӵѪֵĴʥӵаֵĴʥҲӵɻֵĴʥ࣬ĸ
ӵкڰֵˣֻһܺڰһֻһʥǺڰһĵλȴ͡Ϊڰһ棬Ϊɻһһλ棬ھʥУʵŵڶ
ڰֻһӣȴѾˣԣŮǳ۰ŮȻḶ̌ҲڵĹū
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ܺãһǰ֮˼ҾȥҹˡһŮЦŻش
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ǳȥʱѪһĴүüףӾһ֮󡣡һŮЦȥʱպá
ûȤȥμʲô
˵ҪȢǸ࣬Ҳ֪ʲô࣬ȻָһŮЦ
࡭һĪǸ౻ѪһĴүħ½
ħͬˮŮӼܻԸ޸ħˡ

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ūǰֻϵĵڴϣռĶԵǽΧһʮ˵ſԽڡ
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ۡѪһĴүס֮ء
Ǽմ֮գӭȢһŮӣҲӭȢĵٷӡ
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ǸʥһЦǰ·
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679 
ūǸʥһ䷿ڣڻûʲôװκͼҾߣǼª
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ūɵĵ˵ͷںڰЦ˵үүҰ裡
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ڰٺЦŮˣñǰضˡ
үүѾСˡūЦ
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ͺڰ潻̸ڰū˵Ǽ尾ӷ߳ʱڿɿ
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˵μүˡ
үŮӷǳء
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ˣǸŮӽʲôţ
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СӾȻΪ˸ֳôĶٺ٣ҵҪǸŮӾʲô̶ȡ˵ڱǰǸʮˡ
սǻү֮һ
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Щ꣬ݲܺͼƽƽ
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ЩֺüգҲʱᷢʲô¡
Щħ˰׸˼գձռȴƣ˵һҪ󣬲ס˼ա
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˵Լ󣬼ʰūΪʲôħĹ
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⵱Ȼ֪֮һūݱ¶ڰԲǣԺڰʵɱǣ練ơ
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˿̣ҶµڴȺԺڵ
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ĸףǴȺԺԺҶۣ
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ЦˣǵĻҪ򡣡
µĻҶ겻Щⶼʲôﰡ뷽跨ҰѾĻˣҲɹ
ҶҲ֮̾У츳ĻܱȵˣֻȱһЩѡ
Ҷ忴ҶۣЦлǰľƣ
ҶһЦԼ컯
΢٣˵ҪμսˣлһֵĻϣʦѧΪʦ
Ҷ岻⡣
º͹ȻҲܲ⡣
ͻȻһۣͬʱҶ۵ĺ⣬ͬʱǷлǰ
ҶһЦֻЩϧ˲ͬʱҴȺԺ
ǰлʦѧҲȺԺĵӣҶɫ
ǺǣããҶ۴Ц
ҶаʦѧȺԺ壬֣ħ潻棬ҲԲ·硭ϧţħûл


681 Ԫս
Ҷ۱ҶƷһռƣȻ
ˡ
սʼˡ
սһԪսҶ˵
ԪսҶ˲û˵Ԫսǲ²⣬Ԫս޼½սӦò࣬Ҳĳʥֿٳġ
ȻҶ˵ԪսɵĴʼ˺ٳĵطֻֻؾϵ߲ܽȥ棬߼սˣҲˡ
һ㣬޼½սơ
Ԫսкܶޡˡħˡħˣȫǵֻش½ʱ򣬱ɵĴʼ˹ѺԪսģǵΪɵĴʼˣǸ޷ȫдʼµӡǣǵĺѪҲӡǡ
Ƿǳʹ࣬һԪսǿ϶ǡʱǧҪǡҲ̫ģֻᱻԪսһ㣬ֻ벽ĵˡ
ÿɱһԪսˣܻһֲ֣Ļ޷ͨһֵġһֱȵŶӺÿһ飬ǡÿһԣˣҲ˵ˣǿȥɡ
ҶЦЦ
Ҷ塢ҶҶ뿪ż䡣
磬䳡Ͽճһ޴ޱȵĺɫУɫͨԪսͨ
һ۹ǿ߸ѵһֱԵĹڳˣθսǴ۹ԲŻɴ۹Щ
һֱԵĹղҶ˵һֻϸһЩѡ
۹ǿһֹʱɢڵһܲ۵Ľ䣬ڵʲô
ӥԪսͨˡ꿴һӥ˵
ɻԪս֮󣬲Ҫ˾˸ǵĵͼߣӥ˵
ǸӱȽϸߵüǲȥǱˣ鷳Ҳ϶١
˵ûǱĴ㡣ɻ˵
˽ǵǱɣӥһֵ
ͷɻȻͷ

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˴ǳɳһǿˣֱǳīͳƣ
īǳһһ֣ǳ˶ӢīȴǸ⣬ĳͨ츳ȴǳ޷󼰵ġ
ƣǳһڶ֣ͳмƣüˡ
һǳĳ϶˵˴ΣǵĶֻɺɢˣϣܽǰõһ
Ϸĺˣһ϶ǵģЦ
ǸϿųīЦ˵ֵʲôã̫һЩȥԪս֮Ҫ
īЦŵͷ
ûⳤ˵Ļˡ
غͺСԴȥ˻֮ؾҲûг˵ʱһҶ诡վáС顭ǽԪս֮ظǻСӵ䡣ɫ
īͬʱͷ

޸ս
޸սβμŴ콾ֱǺĬ壬һһΡ
˵УʵǿǺĬ壡
ʮֱ֣ǳīĬ塢Ҷꡢʦѧʦ͡۹̫١쾵պ޵ȥҲ졢۵˴˷ӡ
ĬܳΪʮ֮һ
ǳĳһ޸ս˵ĳҲԸĬˣԪս֮󣬴Ҷ诵Ƕ̽䡣

۹
̫٣󽫾֮Ӱ׽ҽȪ֮ӻư˶Ѿ׼ýԪս
䳬ȻҶСӾʲôϵٺȻưצۣĸߴüˡ
Ҹҿ϶֮ǰ϶ʶ䳬Ȼƽ޹ʰҶСӣư
Ǳ̫δ̫ľȻҺͱ̫ŮˣЦҴԪսٶԸȻҶСӺϵǳ̫׷ŹҶģ

쾵
쾵ڲμսˣֱվáպ룡
ǰµ˷Ӧһ쾵ڵĳϻڣݹ˽пֻ򣬼пܳԪս
պ붯ݣվҲɴ۾
˴Σǳͨһ֮󣬻һǾҵˣɫ
պɫȻĵ˵ͷ
ڳˡ

һУҶ岢֪
Ԫսͨ״򿪵ʱҶȡ˲μսݺƣͬʱ˺ɫС
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ܿ죬ҶõԪԪս
ԪսջɵģҪһֲïܣ졣
Ҷ˽ԪսɲǣԪս˷˲Ͳ˽Ԫսˡ
࣬ǼȻĻǾͳȫǣ
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ͫһæܣҶĽȴƹ֮üġ
ӰȻҶĴնһӰϣӰɢ
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682 Σƽ
ֻ壬Ϊ֧һ֧ΪӰ壬һ֧Ϊ塣
Ӱ壬ӵлӰ֣ΪǶԿռƿԽԽǿÿӰͻ컯ʱĶǿռ䱾Դ
壬ӵй֣ǵĹרģ
ǰҶ꣬ǻӰˡ
ͻȻ
ӰͻȻٸ飬˷Ҷ壬Ҷֲ
ҶԴ««ѪɫնɱлӰ
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ҶҶ诳ûͷųħž⧲ʱξУ޷԰ΣǿЦǴС
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磬ǰﲻ˱ˡҶ˵磬Ը̫ʴˡ
֪Ҷ¶Цݡ
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һ֮󣬼ͬʱᵽ˳غͺʧٵ¡
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תȥ
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ǲǻͳˡҶЦ
Ҷûĺһ
ҶͻȻ˵˵ΪҶһֺΣյĸо𣿡
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Ҷҡҡͷ
ĪǶͨɢޡǣôʵҶü
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ֻش½һʵ̫࣬Ǻܶ˶ûмϲ˲֡
ҶˡҶ˵
ôĪΪħˣҶЦ
Ҷͷ˸ĸо֡ǻһҲ˵Ϊʲôָо
õˣ塢塢ħħ˶û취ԪսҶ˵ɵĴʼ˿ٳʱѾ׼


683 ޳
ɵĴʼ˼ȻҰԪս˵ǲܵ˴Ԫս
Ǵʥ֣˭ǿдԪս
磬жٻˣҶ诺Ȼʵ
ʮҶ˵Ҫͨһ֣Ҫǧ֣ǻԶء
սһ֣Ҳ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҷҡͷÿսͬ
Ҷ˵ȻԶǴ¡¡
Ҷ̧ͷһԶޱȺ֮ľȫϵѪճɻҽ
޵ʵ̫࣬Ҳ壬ʢѪ𣬼˺Ʋ㡣ЩޣΪĶǻԪиһЩֻؾ컯ޡ
ǧֻγɵ޳ҲҪâ
ҶȻԴ«ȻԸôޡ
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Ҷ˺ԥתߡ
޳ǵѡȶߣݱܷâ
Ҷͷһ޳ǰȻˣǷӥɻͷ
ɱ࣡
Ⱥǰһͷڰ߾޻Ծ
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Ⱥ˴ҩһܣ׷Ҷ˺ͷӥˣÿֻͷųѪֲô޵ѪһƬһ㣬ޱȣ֮ݲ
磬ǷֿߣԷɢȺҶ诺Ȼڡ
Ҷͷ
ߣҶȷߣҶҶҲͷˡ
ӥҲͷߡ
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ϴҪҪͷ׷һͷţʺڰ߾޻
ͷ׷һҲܷŹڰ߾޻ߡ
ȺֳȺֱֻ컯޴ű˳ȥһһͻȻֳɻ磬ͬķ
Ǻڰ߾޻žǧֻ׷ҶȥҶ޷Ⱥ
ȻҶ尵Լһôʥˣ
ħʥܵ壬ÿó
룬ҶͣתȺȡʥȵǿϵô
ڰ߾޻ͣҲͣǶʥ
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Ҷһȴɫʲôʱ˵ˣ
ûǣΪʲôǣڰ߾޻Ц
ѵ֪֮⣬˶޷Ԫս𣿡ҶЦļλʥ֣ҲδܰǴԪսȳȥ
Թ𣿡ڰ߾޻ŭȵԶûԣΪʲô˵û취ǳȥ
ô֪ûԹҶ֪֪Ϊʲôʥ
֮УֻʥʸӵʥĪĳλʥʥģڰ߾޻Ŀһ
ҵʥʥҵģҶȻ
ڰ߾޻ȫݡ
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Ҷаֻ̾ܳȥ֮¸ħˣħ취ˡ
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˵Ļ᲻ţڰ߾޻Цˡ
Ȼˣ㻹ֹͬͣ׷ɱղźһˣҶЦ
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һѾˣҵͬȴ⼸࣬˲أڰ߾޻ҧڱϹȥ֧Ԯǣ
ЩĸɵˣҶʡ
֪ڰ߾޻˵ʥҲǵһӣҲһȥɡ
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ߣ
ڰ߾޻ȺԶȥҶǺ档

Ԫսĳֻں;Ÿɱ
Ÿ࣬ȻǺĬֵܺͳīֵܣԼ١ưͰ׽
Ŵһ֣ԼȻס˽һǧֻ޵ַ
ʬҰȫ޵ʬ塣
磬Щȫڸͻ֣һЦ
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ٵҲû룬̷ɢߡ
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ͬʱҲ̻ΣĹɱپˡӰ˲Ͱٵ˵Ӱڱ
ԶҶĭٵ˸е档
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ֵĻֻҲóâ߰ɣһЦ
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ĬһѪɫıӣٽżһ
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684 
һɵľѹȺ
ȺܵĳһȻȫķŷȥΪԽޣԽѿ֮
ܿʮֻޱ˷С
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ǾʱĬͻȻӶѪޣѪʱɳ߮һѪͻѪ
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ĬͳīҲܷͷȥˣȻǶͱ˷Դ«ԽɱҶ壬ӶõԴ«
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ҶȥҶõʱպ롢վԪսĳУֻ棬ͬʱ̧ƣйâէͬʱһ澵ӡ
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쾵ʲôҲ˵ȥҲЦ
ȥҲͬ²ˣвˣһǵ죡
һɽϣһɫ۵վ棬Įݣ˼ĸо
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˵һ׻ɱ֪Ǽ١
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ͬʱվ֮쾵ѾˮͰһСâҫۡ

ͬʱһ¶Цݡ
ں쾵ǳѣһԳɹ
磬Կʼ𣿡ʵ
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󷽣ٺͺĬѾ޷ɽȣΪɽ׵ʵ̫ˡ
ǰʥѹԽԽǿҶѾȡʥʥȷʵֻ޻˵ͷų˴ʥѹסɽʥ
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ŮӶ쵰żӢһĸµŮһѾȻ˲ֱӡ
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694 ֻص
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ѴرԴȫںϵʱ˵ϢͻȻǣԶԶԽ֮ǰѾںֱԴҶ߱ԴʵԶԶߡ
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䣡
ٴγ֣ͷųһȭѪɫ֮ϡ
꣬Ѫɫϳѷ죬䡣
ҶһæѪɫϣɵ˱«ԱߣǱ«ˣȻ״Ѫɫϡ
¡
ͬʱһȭѪɫϣѪɫ֮ϵѷԽԽ
Ҷպ˵ɫأҲû뵽پȻѧһ
Ҫѧһʵ̫ѣ۹һˣԲʮһһЩϵĳϡ
ʱɵ«ߵҶ壬üͻȻͷųͷģ˱«֮ڣ«ٴģγһϡ
һεϣȹ̣
ΪԴʦҪӳ«ÿʦ
ʦ
ٴˣ޲ɫ䡣
˭Ҳû뵽ҶȻеڶ֡
˫֣
ٵ˶һֻش½˫ֺ˫֮ܺ⣬طûС
һ֣Ӻٵ᲻


701 ʥ
պ˵֪Ҷӵ˫ֻ֮΢΢һϱָƽΪ֪ҶˣΪˣû츳֡
ÿˣ츳ԶǼģ쾵ţ˵Ĵ˵ÿ˵Ӳ֤˵Ŀ¡
쾵ڵ˿˼ܵģѾ񻰡
Ҷ˿̵ΪܵͣպȻҶ彫ĳɾ;Բͣ
ҶҶ诵׼ϾȻµ츳˾ˣҶҲԲȥ
ߣ˫Σ
һһȭѪɫϣȻ۳һӰײѪɫϡ
һ죬ѪɫϾ𶯣ڲٿر«ҶҲѪڡ
ȻȴȻûƿ«ķԴ«ѾҶ巢ӵ˼£ҪƿԴ«ķʵ̫ѡ
ϾԴ«Դ˱Ѫ
䡭
ʮΣȻ޷ƿԴ«ķ
ʱͻȻһ״ֻ̬ͷһâɳҲ֮䰫ͨ˵ӡ
޷ʩչһٸ޷ƿԴ«ķ
ӡͷ۵޷ƿԴ«ķ
һǳʥѾȫҶУٵһҲûС
ҶȻЦ˵λɱ˸ղŵĶԼ
ٺ٣ûǿɱǸղ˵ĻվЦ
ɫô۹̫ӣȻһˣʵʧ档
ٺ٣ղֺǱȣֵˡ
һȺ˴ӲԶ
Ҷ̧ͷȥ˾Ȼǳī˺ͺĬֵܡ
Ҷպ˵ɫˡ
īͻȻʹԭռݵʧȥˣȫơ
Ҷ壬ҺǴ𣿡īҶЦ
λֱܶǡҶһЦ
īЦǳϣҪƿԴ«ķ練ƣ
˵ţǳᣬȻǳͻȻθߣǹ
ͬʱƺͳҲǳȫǹľˡ
ߣĪֲɣպߡ
ҪֵĻҲ֡ҶЦ
ٺ٣ƽԴ«ķһӡīЦ
ҶɻҶҲܲ⡣
ʱֻƺͳϵǹ˳īڣīϢǣԽ֮ǰʩչһ٣ֲޱȡ
˶һȻ˭Ҳ֪ҵǳ֮ϣȻʩչ쾵ں쾵طѼ˵һ
Ҷ尵ּ֮̾ΪõطҲᣬϧѾطҶˡ
ʱīѪɫϣֽǳӡĻѪɫ֮ϡ
һѪɫϳ˺ܶѷ졣
Ҷպ˰ī˿̵ʵ֮ǿԶԶǵ
Ҷһҧ«עȫ߶Դ«
䡭
ī֣Ѫɫ֧Ųס˱ơ
ۿѪɫϼ
ǳī˶ʱ޷ǳԭΡ
ͬʱԴ«γɵķҲ˲
ؼն΢΢Ťƽˮ淺һ
˺ȻоһѣΣҪߵһ
أƺҲҪߵһ
ƺŤĩսһ
ʲôˣ
޲ľ
˵ǣ˿ǳ֮⣬ֻش½˶о䡣
ֹֻش½ֻ˶оֱ仯
ֻش½ʵĴʥ̧ͷֻش½ңԶǿգɫԱ䡣
˳ʥˣ
дʥ³⼸֡
֮УûǸ˻ڽڳʥģĪǴ壬ˣ
İʥͻˣ˵ԲһϢ
ǿĳʥףֻıԴ򣬴˼ŸոճʥսҲͬСɣ¾ЩնΣĴʥҲδκε˴ˡ
Ϊû˵츳˾˰ʥ
ʥǶɻ󣬸İʥпͻƵİʥǶ֪Ǵ˾ԲЩʥΪЩʥûд˵ʡ
ʥͻƵʥֳʥףԳʥ֮ΪģԴܵŤƻ
ʥԽ֤ʥ֮˵Խǿ
ʣ˿ͻ֮ˣʼ侪ˣΪĳʥף˼֮һֻ
ʱʥʵҲƣ˭ͻˣ
˵˾˭ħüͷʵ
༸ʥҡҡͷ
˵統ͻƵʱ򣬳ʥǡò֮һֻĪǴܺʹȼ粻ɣ
ǰ˾˭츳Ȼܺʹȡ
ٺ٣˭Ѿˣĸ˴ʥνûκӰ졣
ٺ٣˵û˵츳ȻǺ߱ȴ˺ܶ࣬ԶߵĶ֣һҲˡ
ͬʱ塢ħ塢ħ壬Ҳڲ²ͻƵʥ֮˾˭
ȤǣȻûκ֪ͻƵʥ˭
ֻĳƫԶϣ˿âΧĿռ䲻ݣ˺ѣֺ£ظ
һȦȦеıԴ籩ϯ˽֮һֻ
˺ܾãͻȻըѿǿеĳ
ɢʱһɫ۵˺Ȼ֣ʥϢͷųϯǿա
常ò˶ãҾͻȥ
ոͻʥˣȻСʯ
˭Ҳû뵽ͻƵʥ˻Сʯ
ħ½оŸʥȥﲻ常СʯСʦ˵˻ʱȥСʦˣ
΢٣СʯĿһڴ֮ǰҵȥõǼ
һɲ֮ʧӰ١
Сʯ˳ͻƵʱؼڽ
ǳҲֹͣҶ˸оƺָֻƽֻصԭĹϡ
ղžʲô£̲סʵ
ڵ伮濴ֻгʥʱŻָղЩףҶɫ
˶ݣղžȻ˳ʥˣ
˭ʥˣվô۾תת
û˵Ϊ˭Ҳ֪˭ʥˡ
°ʥȻر࣬Ҳ٣ûʮ򣬿Ҳʮ򣬹֪˭ͻˡ
Īĳλʥͻ˲ɣһ˵
а룬ĳλʥͻҲ˵˿µĳʥף
֪ΪΣҶͻȻ뵽СʯַеĲ²⡣
ٺ٣ȻλҪǳʥĻҾˣ
ͻȻͻȻɳ˲עʱժһǳʥ
Ŀһ֮˾ȻȥҲ


702 
ȥҲҲ죬ȥҲ죬˸ûüӦֻܿһӰһ
Ӱ֣
Ҷ΢ȥҲȻӵӰ֡
ݵ𾪺Ҷ߶«һһǳʥ㱻«˺«棡
ͬʱҶꡢպٵȵ콾ȫǳʥ˳īֵ֮⣬Ͼǳˣûǳʥ
ǳʥֻʣ°˸ī˲֣Ҳȫֲ
ҶȥǳʥҶ屾ְæϳīֵȴ˹
겻ɢ
Ҷ弱ˣҼ«ײīˡ
īֵֵ«˵һ«ɻҶ塣
Ҷס«һƮɲ֮ɿ⡣
׷
ī׷ȥ
ҶһЦڱ«֮ϣһͱ«ŷԶܿ㻯һڵ㡣
Դ«ٶȿ磬ǳīҲ׷ϣ˼æǳܽĸҶ壬ڰҶ
ãҲȥ
۵˵
һ㶣Īı«
лĻǾûлĻǾ͡۵Цȸ˵ɡ
ͷ
£۵ͻȻӰںӰĴӵ£Ůƿշˣٶ֮죬īҲѾûԶ
ǰҶԴ«ٷɳۣȴʧٰѲ˳īˣϾֻǳ֮ϣī˾ܽǳ
Ҷʥͼ漸òԪҺȻû취ѳīˣһܴԭ
ͻȻҶǰһҫ۵ǹ֮ǽ
ǹ֮ǿҲ֪쵽ʲôطҸͷͬʱǹ֮ǽҲߣͬͷ
Ҷ循ɣܸоǰǹ֮ǽӦǸںǹ󣬴֮ʲô޷²ˡ
򲻵ѣҶɲóȻ棬ű«ԭطأһƱػīֵܡ
Գīֵܵĺûκʤ㣡
ͻȻǹ֮ǽ󷽴һ΢ʶ࣬ϸӦʥϢ㾿˭Ϊʲôʥ
Ҷһǹ֮ǽȻˣ
סҶʵ˭
ħʮ֮һǹ֮ǽ˿ڡ
ֻޣܱΪȻǹ֮ǽޣҲʵǿޣԲᱻħѡС
ΪʲôǳϣҶʡ
ΪеʱǱǳӡˣٺ٣ֹǣǳϵĻˡش
Ƕû취ӳȥҶ˵
ҪӣӳȥˣסǵʥǵΪͻƵʥ򼸺ӳȥЦлˡ
˵ңҶ巴Ӧܿ졣
ʥֻҪԸæһлӳȥ˵ȻʥǴȳȥҲκηԸ
ҶһܸӦʥеǿߣԼѣԼ˵޺
㶼û취ӳôܰﵽ㣿Ҷʵ
߶ʥʥӦҵĴڣһܳ忪ǳ磡˵
Ҷ屾߶ʥĺ󷽣īͻȻ׷
ٺ٣Ҷ壬ǰǳ磬ҵҪ㻹ܣЦڵĲ
˵ѾˡҶЦѾҽˡ
˭īʵ
ߴʥҶһЦ
ߣ˵˵ߵƾ㣬Ҳõߴʥ
Ҳ֪ߴʥÿ϶һʥɣҶЦ
ߣĪ˵ʥƼЦ
Ҷ巭ƣʥС
ʥ
īһ
Ȼûмʥȴڵĵ伮Ͽʥ֪ʥʲôӡ
Ҷеʥ˵ǻʵģǳī˸ҶʥҪ֪İʥҲûʥʥȫʥУҶ岻Ǹѣƾʲôܵõʥ
ˣҲͬҶʥ
īЦҶ壬αʥǳҪж٣ƭǣ
˵ţǳ֣ȫǹɱҶ塣
ƺͳų֡
ҶֻܼԴ«ֵ«Ѫɫնɱ˳īˡ
īʹǳȭǹ⣬춼ҫ۵Ĺ㣬ҫ֮
͹ײײ


703 
ۼκβҶ壬īǳ֮
ȻʱӰǺ󷽷˾Ȼͷ۵
λֶԸһˣδʧɵӵݡ۵Ц
۵ʲôʱҶСӸˣȻ˵Ц
۵ҲƵĻЦǺǵ˵ֻЩԶٰˡ
ҶɻԼͷ۵زʶ۵ΪʲôҪԼɲΪǷ۵Լ
Զ٣񿴰׳һŷ۵Ц塢ħħֶԸʱ򣬹Ϊʲô˵Զ٣
Īǳħ˶磿۵Цˡ
ֻ߹ûоԵĹƽģīЦСӵĻܶ־Уֵܽˡ
Ļǽֵ̳ܵĸУȴУ˭֪ǳ֮ǿԽǳ۵Ц
Ȼ붯ֵĻǾٺòīЦΪʵڲ֡
ӻзȡ۵ЦͬʱȴͻȻҶ壺а취𣿡
Ҷûлش۵Ļ˭֪۵᲻ͳƵ˴ͨ
ǽ԰סһʱ䣬а취ߵĻץߣ۵
Ҷδüش۵Ļ۵ѾˣŮͷų뵵ĹâӰת˲֮䣬Բ֮ȫǺӰ
ӰѳīҲѷ۵ڱˡ
Ҷû߶ʥʥǳ֮ϣʯ׹ˮ棬
ǳȻȹ̣ջǱʥ͸ʥ鴩ǳɲǣīƿ˺Ӱһ
Ӱɢȥ¶۵ӰŮɫ԰ףѾѪȻѾ˲Сˡ
ҶȻûߣ۵лô޴
īҲû뵽ҶȻûߡ
Ȼīδ˶ãɫͶˣֻǳͻȻ˺ѿһǿѷϯֲ졣
ꡭ
ѷγһһǻİ˳
ͬʱವһʥҲ˳ҶСϧī˵עˣûע⵽ʥ
ޣ
ī˴󾪣ϢѾԶԶôֻп
ҶҲû뵽ΪȻǳϣǿѾԺߡ
𡭡
𣬺ףѳīѪ
ƺͳæעڳīϣīΪ˲俰ߣīûͣһץסƺͳˣתһǹƿշߡ
Իī֮⣬ûѡ
׷Ҷȴֹ˵ɱǣǳĴʥϾͻ֡
ٺ٣ˣԺлĻһǣһЦͻȻͷ۵ɺĴͷ˵ѾͷƤۣܲ
ͷ۵ļ£ʶĺ˼
ǲõģֻǸǿЦѡҶЦ
۵ǿЦ룬һﻹĪҪǿЦĺá
Ҷ壬Ц˵Ϊʲôǳϣ
Ҷ嵱ս¸˻
ҶĻǺһЦǳᣬҶǣҪٶû⣡
ҶϲһͲȥĴѰǳˡ
ͷ۵ľлҶߣǳ֮ϣûҶĶ֡
һ̣ȴ˵廹ڽսҵøϿ뿪ǳһǳǳҵ鷳ʹˡ
Ҷ塢ͷ۵һ㶣ڽսѾǰ˰ɣ
ôĪսѾ˲ɣɻ
ѾˣͬԿ塣Ц
һҲû뵽Ȼ֡
룬ǳ˼֪ǳϣҲԲʱֶԸ㡣Ҷ˵Ҫ뿪ǳ
ò׵õһ֣׷ߣ
ߣɱôֵܣھȻ屨ˣһ
Ҷ壬˵㻹ȱǳ᣿
ԵĻðǳᶼҡҶЦΪ֪һҪǳᡣ
ٺ٣ǳҲûжôһ磬Ƶǳ˳
ҶԴ«װЩǳᣬҶ˶˿ˣʱ뿪ǳ
£һ״󺺣ҶһԴ«ƿշߣȥѰҶˡ
«ϣ۵ϸĴű«ԽԽ
Ҷһ㶡
Ҷ˵ҽǸʦ«Դ˵Ľҽа
ҶĿһЦ˵ҿȥ«ϸһ
۵ҶĻĿҶ壬˵𣿡
ҶЦŵͷ
ǣ۵ͽ˱«棬ûзŹ«ÿһطȫϸĿһ顣
ͬʱ«ϵҶȡǳʥ
ǳʥЦⶫֱ̺Դϧһ߽˺һ״̬ͻܽ⣬ʱʧĸɸɾԺǳʥֱԴҲ֣
ǳʥڣ̺бԴǳԴ֡
ǳˣֻѡеǳԴЩ츳֮ڶֵ֣ˣʵ̫٣˵ûС
Ѿ˴رԴͻ֮ԴرԴǱ֮ԴӸ߼ıԴԣҵбԴֻȱ֣Ҳǽ֮Դľ֮Դˮ֮ԴҶҿǳʥֱԴԼбԴԲ
һߣֱֻԴбԴ֣Բȱ١
ҶҪƾǳʥֱԴȷʵЩѶȡ
ȻѶٴҶҲ᳢ԣڣ뿪ǳ֮
䣡
ǰȻ
Ҷ̧ͷȥǰ˽֣һȻպվú룡һǺĬˣȻǻǳʥ
ֻǲ֪ǳʥһϡ
磬޸ս˵˾ͽˣǣǲҪɱǡҶ˵
ٺ٣Ըˣף
һ磬죬ϯԶĺĬˡ
Ĭ˼æõֵˣҲյûˣǳǱ
ǡޣĬ˴󾪣æߣͷҲһء
û׷
պ˿Ҷ壬¶ϲɫ
أҶʵ
ڶԸӺѻͯӣպ˵
ʲôطҶʡ


704 ֱԴ
Ǿڸպ˵
һЦǾʲôط
ͷųʶɨӰ˷ǰ˵ǰˣӦþ˵ˣ
˵ǰȥ
ǰԶУȻĸˣҶҶ诣ԼӺѻͯӡ
ӺѻͯƼҶ˷ɫ䣬ͬʱתߡ
Ҷ˲û׷
ҶҶ请ɵҶߣ˿ҶߵĻɻ
Ҷ嵱Ѳǰ¸ҶˣҶ˵ʥҶö𾪡
󣬵֪ҶӻǶõǳᣬҶպ˶Цˣû뵽ô׾˴˴οˡ
£һ˸ǳĳڴ
ǳԳ磬Ҫ뿪ͨרŵĳڡ
ûã˳ڴ
ڴǸâ뵵ĹⶴҶ½˹ⶴ
Ǹո뿪ⶴһֻǹĴֱץǶ׼ȷ˵ץ˻Ҷ壡
ֻʵ̫գǰҶͻʱüС
ǿֵֻʱҲ޷ֻ֮ɴ¡
ɢԴ֮ҶպȫƿԶҶͻȻǲ벨Ҷǡ
ʥ
Ҷһֻдʥ˿ֲʵ
ۿҶͻҪסһ޴ޱȵľƾճҶǰס˴֣˵һھϣӲͬʱҲѴǹ⡣
ΪңһĮصؼ䡣
ĳڣ˭Ҳܶ
ҶһѾ֪˭
ǳԪ
ԺҪҿ԰Σ
ٺ٣Ϊ˴ˣȻϸôĴۣҺܺ棬˺㾿ʲôϵ
Ժ֪ġ
Ը
ʥʧ
ͬʱһҶУԺǳ鷳ҲǧҪСģǳˣթ
лˡҶ崫
Ǻǣ¼Ҳ֣Ҳа취ǧҹЦ
ҶЦ
Ҷ壬ղųֵӦǳ𣡡
ǳһΪɲ⣬һĸ֮һ
𣡡Ҷס˴˵֡
Ҷ˷˹
պЦû뵽ȻһС֣
ҶҲ¶˼֮ɫ
ҶһЦȰǳϽȥɡ
˵ͷ۹䳡ϽǳᣬɿˣΪ˵һصˡ
˺ܾãǵ졢ȥҲĬˡ
ڶֿˣɵ˲ֻ࣬ǧ˶ѡҲ˵ǧ˽μıԡ
һ̨֣սһ飬ÿʮˣÿ߱Զʮųÿǰ
˼ԣΪʮ飬ÿʮˣͬÿȻҪԶʮųÿǰǰ
ʮˣÿһ飬Ϊʮ飬ÿһֻʣʮˣʮˣ嵱֮ʮš
ʮţԣǩѡ֣ʮ壬һʱһ˻ֿգʱҲһ˻ֿգ˭ãζֿյĻֱӽǰ
սһ̨֣ս
ҶҶ˶ȥȡ˸ԵĶսǲμӱԵԼս֮˵
Ҷ˵ڶֵĳɼ̫ãǶ䵽˲ͬ飬ǰ
ʵֹҶ˲໥Ǻ͵졢ĬҲűԵˣǲôͰǰһġ
õսҶ뿪䳡ΪԵʱʮ֮ͬʱ뿪ֻش½ȥ˴ʥǡ
صѩ¥ҶԼȡǳʥ׼ǳʥ
ǳʥƯǰҫ۵ǹ⣬
Ҷ˺һ״̬˺һĿռ䲨ǳʥ
ǳʥȻ˵ʼܽ⣬ԽԽСĹƯҶΧʹҶڱԴĺһ
׾͸о֮Դͻ֮ԴΪ֮ǰѾ˴رԴͻ֮Դ
֮Դľ֮Դˮ֮ԴǳԴȴ޷оסΧĹ㣬ȫĵĸӦš
һ˺һʱһµıԴҲû
˵ڶΣΡ
˹˰ʱڶˮ֮ԴЩһЩ
˺һ˿£ֻҪ˺һĴʱˣܻлԴġȻǰߵıԴ֮Ũ
߱Դݽߣʱ޿̶˺һ״̬Ҳȫ
ʵǳʥã൱ڰؼԭϡıԴҶߣʹҶ˺һܹ֮
ֹ˰ʱҶ侪˵ԣľ֮Դ
ǳɹʧɲǣҶ˽֮Դ
ˣбԴԲرԴ֮Դˮ֮Դľ֮Դ֮Դɱ¾ԴԴ֮ԴԴľŴԴ
컯ֻܰѾֱԴڡ
κ˶⣡
ֱԴҶ컯ʱҪڵıԴ
ҪֱԴںϣǻ֮Դ֮Դ֮ԴͻԴÿںϳɹһΣһرԴϴΪ
֣߿ѡԴ컯ʱľŴԴ֮һںϣӶرԴ塣
ȻҲѡľŴԴںϣͲҪڷʱȥԴˡ
ʣԴٺԼԭľŴԴںϣѵģɹʵɻǿܶ츳֮ѡһ֮
Щĵ伮мأıԴԽ࣬Խӽ磬ʵȻҲǿ
ֱԴԭȵľŴԴʮ֡ӵʮֱԴˣս죬Բʱ򣬾׻ɱߡ
ʮֱԴߣϾ󲿷˶޷
٣ֻ˾ͼ٣ЩѾΪʥҲû
رԴ壬Ҳǿ̶ȡ
ЩߣرԴ̫Եֱӱ
ıԴԽ࣬رԴǿԽ󡣺ܶΪ³ܲסرԴⲻȥµıԴ
˵ЩʮֱԴܵرԴٵһϣشߡ
ңıԴԽǿرԴʱԽԵ
Ҷɱ¾ȼǿԴʱܵرԴһἫֲ
Ȼʱ˵ЩΪʱ磬ϾҶֻѻԴʹرԴڡҪֱԴڣܴﵽ컯Բ
Ҷֽ˺һѹԴԼڡ
սʽʼ֮ǰþԼʵ
Ϊսʱǲ׼ЯƷϵĵ̨ģᱻֱȡʸ
սֻЯƷΪսȵߵʵ


705 似
һ֮ҶڳɹѹԴȫϢǣʵ˲١Щ塢ֱԴڵߣҲһս֮
ûͣϢƬ̺󣬼ںϱԴһڵɱ¾Դ
һ֮ɱ¾Դ֫ʵ˲١
ûмУǽʥͼҪʥͼĹؿ
Σųɹػڵ飬˵졣
졣
ҶһֻڴŶ߶˳ԵģһСɽ
ٺ٣СˣүƼҶϲɫ
ҶһЦʵʲô
ʥռԴл֣үҶȥһкܶᣬȫӲӣƯڰС
ҶץסһһȻԴϧʺԼ
ֿ˼ᣬһ׵ŽԴӦоУ
ͻȻҶҵһһԴֻԴ߲ԴΪȭ
Ҷ屾ϸȭүȴȻ˵ʵÿͨ似ɱԴֻҪʩչ似ʱѱԴ֮עмɡ
ԣҶǰһбԴעӡǳһԴ
ֹǴӡ似Ҳˡ
Ҫͨ似Դ㻹ҪһЩ򣬶似һЩĽүֵ
ҶüͷȻ˵ϣ˫ۡ
ү֪Ҷڹؼʱ̣ûдҶ壬˳ȥ
ҶԺвϳǰѧ似аͶ˵һЩҪ似ȫרм֣ѾҪЩЩ
ȭʹӡ£似϶Զ
ȭɶԴ֮ԴʹرԴڴӡԴ
⣬ѧҲԴȭԴԴɱ¾ԴرԴ֮ԴֱԴʹɱԴ
ʱȭضһֲ˼ĵز
֮⣬вǰõĴ컯ƣڵõĹȭԴ
Ҳ˵ڹԴ
Դ֮⣬Ҫ󷨸ĳԴ
֮ǰС󡷡󡷡󷨡׹ݡ͵컻աŹ󡷡
취ʹЩ뱾ԴɱԴ
⣬аŽͶʮ
Žֻ˽׾Žûؽ׾Žؽ׾ŽʵǾʽԴҲҪ취ѱԴ뽣Уʹ˽׾Žɱɵؽ׾Ž
ڶʮͬҪѱԴС
ǿֶΣһɱԴսԻһΡ
죬ʥͼڸ似
ȭ˺ܶβųɹİѻ֮ԴʹرԴ似ʹ似ɱ˶Դ
Ǵӡͬʧ˺ܶβųɹ
ȭȭɱԴģǳɹˡ
ǰεľ飬󷨵ĸɶˣܶʱ䡣
ڿʼн
ʮѽ֮Դɱ¾Դ͹ԴУܷӳʮٶȵơ
ʼԡ
ǰĽ˽֮ԴĽ˹ԴĽɱ¾ԴһֱԴС
죬ںϡ
սһˡ
ûеʱ䣬ֿʼаŽ
˽׾Žһ֮
ѴرԴ˽У֮ȹ̣һʹ÷֮ü᲻ɴݡ
Ƿ֮죬ҲûȫɹĽУûʱںϡ
սһֵˡ
Ҷ߳ҶҶ诵˻ϣȥ䳡
䳡˿Ѿɽ˺
ֻش½ĳϺ͵ӶѾǧ򣬻кܴһûн䳡ʸ
εıرΪһٸűĽУԽԽ٣Ϊμӱ˻ԽԽ١
Ҷڵ飬ıڵȥ˵
μӱԵʮŸˣȫѾ룬Ҷһˡ
̨ǰˣǴ˴αԵĲУǵΪͣȻ
ҶɨʮŸˣЩ˵УɵĵӣҲֻش½һʵĵӣĵԴǿˣѾߵԴ
ҶΪߣû˵ע⡣
ֵ˾͵̨ʮڲ̨ĻȨһ˵ƣң
ಣಣ
̨ûж˵ͽ
䡭
˼ԴԴ̨̨֮Դ󣬿Ѿ顣
˶ֱԴҶһĵӣսˣʤ
ڣǽзƵ˱̨أǽгҵӮˣ
в̵̨쳣ңԳضö
¡ȻοҲڹϯϹۿǶעҶڵ
Ҷڵ࣬ΪҶߡοЩġ
ǺǣģȻֱֻԴδĶ֣ȻŵЦ
˵֮ʱֵҶǳˡ
ҶĶ֣ǸֱԴİꡣ
ڵĵӣ֪ʦкɣЦ
һСɶѣ˵Ҳ֪ҶһЦ
Сɡ
ЦһҵҪԿ¾ǲЩСɵĵӡ
δ䣬ͻȻ֣һƴŷҶ塣
Ҷ岻˷һȭ䱬˻ɲ֮ӵ˰ߣһȭ˰ꡣ
һݣæˣͬʱǰֳһơ
һҶһȭ˻ƣѰ̨
˴󾪣˭ȻֻȭͻڵĵӣҪ֪һв̫ǿɱϾҲһ
رԴͻ֮Դ˿Ѿ˶ֱԴֻڵıԴֶֻѡ˵
ԴֻҪͿʹˣѱԴڣֻ޷ѱԴӵǿѡѱԴڣԴ֮ʱֻܷӱԴ֮ʮ֮һںܰٷ֮ٷӳԴ
һлڡ
һ̨Ҷ壬ɫЩء
ֱֻͬԴҲѹֱ顣
Ȼ͵ҧɱҶ塣
ҶȻֻȭͻ꣡
ٴ𾪣Ҷ֮ǿԶԶ˵
Ҷսˣ˶ĵԴȫܸҶ塣
£ǼԴߵԴҲʼҶˣҲѣǲδҶ嵱֡
ڣҶĶ֣Դġ
𾪵ǣҶͬɵĻ˶֣Ҷֻʮȭ
˲ʣ˾Ǹɵĵӣ


706 ֹסʤ
֮ǰƺһֱҶ껹ҶһĪǴǴȺԺĵӲɣ˺Ȼ²⡣
пܣ˵սΪ˾ˣܶ˶˵ͷ
̨ϣҶѾʮ˸ˣʮ˸˵УΪߵԴ
ҶҪԵʮһˣʮ˸˸ǿΪʮһ˵УʮѾȫԴһѾߵԴ
һ޷壡ֿˡ
һӷ̨ϯҶ壬ѹҶ壬ҶȴһҲûˡ
ٺ٣˼޷Цˡ
Ҷһ޷֮ǰĶ˵ȴǿ˺ܶܶࡣ
ҸղŹ۲ܾãʼûѡڵıԴ¶ղõÿֱԴֻӳʮ֮һ޷Ц֮Դ֮ԴرԴˮ֮Դľ֮Դ֮Դ㾿֣
ղҶͱ˽ֻ֣ʹֱԴҶûзӳԴȫܡ
ԼԿ𣿡ҶһЦ
޷岻ٶԣììһһҶ壬ìƿգһ̶ƿ
Ҷûʹת壬ȫ֮üֲȭˣһȭǡú޷ì֮ϡ
˵ֵܵסĹοһϵĵ
ȻҶȴˣֿȭס޷һìȭì֮䣬ŷ𻨡
˶˺˼޷ɫأҶȴɫ
ս˶ĭǶҶǿµ֮𾪵ˡ
ЩرԴϴҲ˰ɣ޷а
ʱҶͻȻŵȭǣͷ­
Ҷʩչȭȭ̺Ż֮ԴʹرԴȿ񱩣أعֱԴȭȭӵ쾡¡
޷оǰͺ͵ҧììӰɣ桢׵硢ѩìĴ̳кˮէй
ȭӡͳìײײ쳹
˲佻ʮУ
Ȼͬʱɱ˰Уɱص̨ϡ
һҶһȭ޷ͷ޷ıǳʹࡣҶֳȭ޷ɳ̨
˽ԾȻԴ޷ҲҶĶ֡
ʵ޷ȻԴǳ֮Դ⣬ıԴǿ
Դ߿һĻ鶼ЩÿҶܻ޷壬ȫлǣǶԼ䣬ȴҶ˼ɵ
Ϣյʱ䡭˵
Ҷ̨Ϣ
ܿյʱ͹ˣҶֵ̨
ο룬Ķֻ˭
Զпˣһ̨
ҶԶԶΪ޷࣬Ҷȴо˻޷Ѳ
Ҷȷ˹Ȼǳֿȭֶûá
Զͬûʹõ֣һѽӭҶȭͷ˳ȥ
һȭͷײ𻨡
ͬʱ˺ԶĿһЦ֮ǿ֮⣬ԱԴҲǳ졣
Ҷ֪Ϊʲôô˵ΪѱԴ֮ȫȭͷϣʹȭͷǼӲһ㡣ȻǿĻ޷Ҷġ
ҵҪȭͷӲҵĽ
ԶһЦٴͦҶ壬űԴ֮
бԴ֮⣬˵֮ԴʹĽ쵽һֲ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ˢ
һĽ̵Ҷüġ
ҶʩչˣֻĽ½էѾ˺ʮɡ
ÿĲܶ˶ˡ
ԶҲûϵҶĲȻ˾ˣ֪Ҷ֮ԴԴ˽УʹɱԴҶٶȻ죡
ವһҶʩչɱԶȭȭӡ졣
Զִ̽ݺᣬȭӡһ
ԶԶȥҶԶѾȫȭӰڱΣֻܿһȭӰһŽƶײ
ͻȻȭӡͽըӰֱɳ߸Ծ˼֮󣬷ֱ̨ϡ
һˣ˺˼סΣԶ
˿ԶеĽһԶеĽѾŤΣһһ
˶㤲ѣҶȭͷжӲȻԶĵ
ƷҲ˴Ŷԡ
ôģȻԼ˿£Զ𾪡
֪ҶΪڵ˶Ĵʹࡣ
壬ˣ޷ɹ
һСɣԾˡ


707 
䣡
ҶȭԶûסҶĹɳ̨֮⡣
һԴ컯ߣְҶϡ
½˼˵̵̨֣Ҷ彻֣һ⣬ȫҶϡ
ȻҶܵˣԴˣıԴǿıԴսرߡ
ǣҶһ֣Ϊȴ֮ǰļȵģΪһ֣ߵԴ
ֻͨߵԴʵҲС
Ķ֣Ϊᡱֻش½һһʵĵӡ
ҶŽᣬǸ꣬һʳ
ҲڴҶ壬Цҽ֣ȫĻذɣ
᲻䣬ý֪֮ҶһЦ
᲻ٶԣ˱ĽͬʱüͷųͷģľȻݻһִޱȵɣײҶ壡
ʦ
Ҷ岻Щ⣬һȭɳײһ𡣺¡¡ľ쳹
Цˣȭ
ವһҶǰӽҶ壬ͬʱߵķݻһѹҶ塣
Ҷڼ󽣣һ뽪Ľ⽻һ𣬼һ𻨣ֱӱҶһˡ
ͬʱҶ岻ֹʱ˴ӡһɫתִзɳȻըЩĴȫըĩ
Ų̹̃
ÿµԴ
𾪡
ҲԾҶĴӡʵھˣǱֱӻеĻҲҪƤ
ʱҶʩչƽᣬȫ߶󽣣ʮĹӽն˽ᣡ
ἱæˣֵһĽϣֻһĳϳء
ϲԴֵĻһǰնڴϣǶ˴֮С
ûŵһԾ˼ͬʱҶĴ󽣰Ѵ룬ķġ
˿ҶеĽȻж𾪣룬ҶĽ±޸ս˵ľ޸Ҳ鲻ȥ
ߣ
һ߷ٱ䣬ݻľͷ̣籩꣬Ҷ塣
Ҷ棬Ʈˣʹ֮һ޴ޱȵУŴرԴ
ľͷڽϣȫ޷˵Ҷ塣
뱾Դ˽׾ŽɹɱԴ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ౶˿̵ķ֮Ѿ˽׾Žǵؽ׾Ž
һҶĽ֮ǿ˵󣬾ԲǳЩСĽ

Ҷͽٴνּ֣һѳҶ˽
ĽֱԴ൱߽Դ侪ˡ
ҶĶʮıԴͺˣ˵Ͳ˲١ʮ̺ɱ¾Դ͹ԴҲΪҶ˲ơ
УҶĴ󽣿ͻȻʮĹΪ˲ơ
ԣҶȻ΢΢·磬ȴҲܡȻҶҪʤȴҲѣϾĽҲǿѾֱԴʵ
˽УȻûֳܷʤ
ڣҶʹ˴컯ƣһĳһȦȦ֮ɢϯ򽪺ȥ
ֻҪԴǿһԴҲܱ˼ܡ
컯Ʊˣ
Դȫ컯Ʒӳˡ
᲼Դһɷݻɣֲǰ
¡¡
֮˴֮ϣԴݿƣݻľ޷ֵ⵽شų֮УȥҲ֮ɳ̨֮⡣
˵˿ֱֻԴˣȻܻѾֱԴߡ
Ҳ⡣
³ο¡º͹Ȼ֮⣬˭ҲûҶӮҡ
ڣдлعһ˵Ҷ壬ʮʤһأ
ʮʤȫʤ
ȫʤսصĻ϶ɣֻЩһˣҶʵ̫ˡ
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˶סҶֱ֣ԴΪֱԴߣ벻˼סѡ
ҶϢ󣬱УѾҶõһˣȫʣµ
ͬʱıҲڼҵĽš
ҶꡢҶ诡պҲѾȫˣǶȫʤսصġ
Ȼ졢ĬҲˡ
˱ʱɵĳǶڹսֻ˲֪ѡ
䳡ĳڣɵĳۡ
˸öӣгϸп
жֶסһУСΪս鶼ڣҲҲܺȼˡгϳ̾
ǰչˣҲ˵ĸûл̵졣г˵첻ľߵһʵ˵ã
ڳϳĬƬ̣һϲ˵Ѿչ꣬Ҳ֪سɹûС
ٺ٣ھôնϵģгϺٺЦ
塢ħ塢ħ塢嶼նϵھĴʥ۷ǿߣɹˣ֮ˣٳ˵
ûնϵھľ֣Լ֣Ҳڷ״̬ܵһնϾľǿߣȷʵ֮ס
ߣɷͻˣ¾ʲôҲˡгߵ
ʧ࣬룬ΪĴġгЦ
Ըˡٳ̾
ɣҲлնϵھ˵ȵĳصʱѾдʥ۷ǿˡһȺԺĳ˵
˵һնϵھǿߣʵ̫Ҫˡ
ܶʱ򣬴ʥ۷壬ǾսֵҪء
ûһʥ۷ǿʼ޷Ĵȡ
壬类֮أ塢ħħҪԸ壬Ǳ֣ΪţħնϾľǿߡ
ɼʥ۷ǿ߶һҪԡ
ڴ۲ʱʥ۷޵еġ
ٺ٣ȱ˵ˣǿɣսˣϴս츳ǿλҪ⣡һЦ
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ǵݣյͽܣȻҪ
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ڴʥֻʮˣʮ˵ѡӡ
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˵ЩпܽǰʮȻгʵ
ǿ϶ܽǰʮģһϾˡ˻ش
ҶꡢպĬ壬ҲӦܽǰʮ˽˵
ȥҲӺҲпܡһ˵


708 
ֺͳīҲضܽǰʮһźЦ
սղˡһϺǺЦЦǣȻָЩʥ
ǰʮ˶ɵˣôɵĴʥȻûлͽˡ
ϢҶûãˣһ֮⣬ԶҲˡ
˺ܾãбʱٸڳҶҶ˶ˣûʲô鷳
ܿ죬ٸ˵ĶսˣҶϡ
Ҷ屻˵ĶȫߵԴߣؽ
һ󣬱Աʽʼ
ҶҶͬʱ뿪䳡صѩ¥
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Ҷһסĵ˾˭ΪʲôʶūūĪħ½鷳ɣ
֪ЩŹ֣뿪˷䣬ֱһżȥ
һż⡣
ҶոżھʹЦҶĻ죬ūûпˡ
¾˭Ҷûнż䣬żȴˣһЦѩ¥ҶĪǻСֲܶɣ
ҶĿһż䡣
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Сܴħ½ľƣҶֲһ𣿡Ц
Ҷڰ£ƺȥ¾Ʊʵ˭
հףƷɣЦ
ֲǸѣôܽħ½ܰȻ뿪Ҷʡ
ʲôʱ˵ˣƷЦˡ
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ʵʵħĻѪƷԳѪħ½ĴȻ̫ãҪħ½Ǻ׵ġ
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ǰΪħ弧ҵһλ㱻ǰūҵƷ˵ǰūĻѾˡ
֣Ļһزʶ𣿡ҶЦˣУ㲻˵ūΣ𣿼ȻūѾѱΪʲôܾ㣿
֮˵ūѱΪѾ˻ɰūݣƷ˵ħ½ܶ˶ūﲻĹðġ
΢٣˵ڰū֮ҪңΪҾȹһСŮ
СŮҶü
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Ҷиӿ϶Ī˿̾ħ½
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ҥվֻҥԣūǹʵԶı䣡ҶһЦ
ûҥվֻҥԡƷЦţЩðūˣԿҪĽ
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ѪŨȵʥأûħѪ˽ȥû취߳Ʒɽ͵
Ҷһɫȴɫ˵ū˵ڵѾԭΪʩչħĽԶҲˣ
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Ҷд󾪣Ľ̵ԪѾ˯ūĽɣ
Ȼ氢ūģɫȴȻ䣬ЦŶ԰Ʒ˵ūԲµģ־ͷĺˡ
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ҶЦЦȻʵ֪֪ҵģ
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ңҶһ㶡
֪ʲô˵ū֮ԾܾףΪūﰮһࡣƷ˵ħ½ˣѾ֪ҶֵĴˡ


709 С
ҶЦˣû뵽Լħ½ûȥħ½˾ȻѾϵˡ
Ҷֲ֪ħ½жϲ˹ֻûǧҲаǶѾҶֵɾˣ޲ϾͰҶֳ֮죡Ʒɫ
ܲȫ뿪ħ½ֻش½ԸҰɣҶЦˡ
Ҷ˵ĻȻûƷɶ˶٣ɫҶûУҶֳһҪȥħ½ҹʱҶĪǲҪħ𣿡
ò˶ҾȥħӻذūˡҶһЦ
Ʒţħ½оʥҶƾʲô߹
ħʥидʥ۷ǿߣǴʥҲ޷߹οһࣿ
ҶȴûнͣҲûбҪƷɽ͡
֣ĵ̣ĴʥҲв⸽Ȱ㻹Ǿ뿪Ҷ˵һɵ˷ֿ֣ɾ߶߲ˡ
һѪͳҲǷֵĻǾԲܷҡƷЦˣ˿ҲĻᱻɵ˷֡
Ȼ˵Ļ¾Ͳ˵ˡҶһЦ
ҶͰƷ̸˺ܾãҶŸȥ
Ҷ뿪󣬰ƷЦݣЦһҲ֪Щʲô

ͬʱҶصԼķڡ
ү˵հ˵Ļ𣿡Ҷʵ
ٺ٣˵ǲģ㶼һҧСŮħĹУʲôĿ㶼õġүЦ
ҶΪȻūħ½ΣգݣֻҪһջħĹ;û˸Ҷ
ԣԼԲй¶κιڰūħ幫Ϣ
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ȻֻСһһӵƮȻһץա
Щ֪Сݵ˼Сٶ֮죬һ


710 սС
Сӵɱ󣬿һЦͻȻֺӰȻ飬ص˻ţɶȥ
һæתһɫƵԼǰоȻͷų˺ɫ棬һϯȫ˻浱С
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Ҷһ󽣾ȻûаСĶ̽룬ֻһССĺۼѡ
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711 

С̽סҶĴ󽣣Сɳ˺üɡ
Ҷû˿ϧ뷨һԾӽС飬ʮĹֲ졣
СһеĶ̽ͻȻһ˺ѿѽͣɲ֮ͱ߳ܲѪơ

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ϧǣսʹƷĻӵгԽĵ˭ٶȶܱҶ졣


712 ʮ
ҶƳɷʱ紫һֱԵΪֹʮ˷ֱǵ졢Ҷꡭ
Ѿʼһ֮˵ҶҲС
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Ҷ޾壬ʹȭѻâһűըҫ֮ѻ˹âС


713 
âѻѻ۽Ȼɫӡһڹâ֮Уɲ֮Ͱѹâյһɶ
Ҷ΢ѻͯӵĵʵڹ졣
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714 ǰʮ
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սǰʮû̫˵ϣҶ֮⡣
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˽׾ŽھŽ֣ѾֱԴС
һѱԴ֮뽣У˽׾Žͻȫɱɵؽ׾Žʱ򣬵ؽ׾ŽԲѧκһԴ
׾Žڻû뵽Ӧôȥ죬ΪΪ׾Ž
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717 սĬ
ҶĶǵ죬պĶȥҲ͵ĶֳīٵĶǷӡ
Ҷ诺οµȴȺԺ˶ΪҶ굣ʵʵ̫ˣκԵ죬ֻҲܶʤ١
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ͻȻҶʹ˹ȭҫ۵Ĺâʱ̨
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ҲСӵطһֱʹãԺĲӮĬ壡޸ս˵ĳЦһ


718 ǿ
˶ΪĬطѾ޷άȥʱҶϵʱ򣬺ĬȻһöҩľָֻ۷״̬
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ڣĬ屻ҶϿˣҶɳ̨
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޸ս˵˸𾪣ĬпܻܣǾԲ뵽һϡ
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ҽ֣㻹ǲʹ𣿡Ц
ô۹̫ӣܱʹȫⳡҲñȥˡҶһЦ
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ЦѾֱԴ֮˫С

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ΣͷҶ󽣣һնİΧӵ˰У뿪γɵ
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ȻҶĽ֮ͬڳ˾ɡɵҲܺ棬ҶĽǸ˭ѧģ
ǧҹһڵ伮ϼ˵һЩҶ˿ʩչĽЩĳЩϵҶӦŵĳ־ѧ
ʵҶʩչǰŽڳˣ˭ҲûмŽ

Ҷɱߣټɶ䵶ҶĴ󽣽һ
۹ֻش½õһɣû֮һ洫ĵˣޱȣһʮʽ
ذȵĸףҲǱ˵ϻʵۣҲֻѧʮжѡ
ڣֻѧ˾УѾ컯ڴɱķˡ
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սȴ֪ٴ˿̵Ĵ
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컯˲ʮȫս֡
ɣҲû˲ʮԴ
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719 
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Ҷٴν֣󽣺˫ײ𶯡
ѾԼҶʹ˵ؽ׾ŽʱҲκβ١
˾ֱԴǿ
Ҷ岻ϱʮȫҶѹסˣҶĻᶼûС
۹˿һĻ𾪣ƺû뵽ǵ̫ӻᱻҶѹס
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ವһҲ֪̤ʲôɱͣٶȿķ˼
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ͬʱҶڵ̨ϴײ죬ٵĴ󵶺ҶĴ󽣽ǡ
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ٴһٴλӵҶ壬ĵƳأ籼ף˱޿ɱܡ
ҶӲ֮⣬ûѡ
ת壬ȫ֮ﵽǿţʮӽӭȥ
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ºպ֮⣬˽Ծ
ҶȻʦܶ˶ò˼顣
Сʲô̥ĭ
ʦѧĹ迴ҶۣײǰҶۻ˵ԼҶΪͽԲˡ
һ̨ϵҶ岼ԴٵĹһסٵĴ󵶡
ٺ٣ڿϳȫˣٴЦ˫ͬʱͷŶѹҶ塣
ҶѱԴ֮˷ģγһ᲻ɴݵķס˫
ѱԴ֮ģͰѱԴ֮֮ͬ԰ѷĵӵ¡
ҶԴٵĹԴ󽣷һʱȻٶ˸൱
һĻذȲüͷʱԽԽ
ҩޣһҩˣٱذɡ
ٵȻҲ֪һ㣬˴۹ľŽԴͼֳʤ
ֻ趯ΧԪͷͻӰƾճֶ嫡
ˢ
һնҶ壬ǾͷͻӰҲ֮Ҷ塣
Ҷ岻˷ӽ̳
ؽ׾ŽھŽֽ
¡
ŽԴײ춯أ̨ըˣʯ׷ɡ
һ˴̨ϵ
Ŀȥ̨ϵˣȻ٣
һ̨ͻ˹ȥѾľԪ
һ۹ĳϷɵ̨Ա١
Ҷ塭Ӯˣ֪˭Ȼڡ
ذɫ䣬ȴЦһã
ʱҲֳʤͻûʤ죬õʤ
һصˣֱҶ塢ȥҲ
ںܶ˿ȥҲöѣʵδرȵҶ壬޷͵ȡ
սˣȻûһɵˡ֪˭Ȼ˵
ǰսȻûɵˡ˸͡


720 ȥҲ
ǩذٴοڣһŶԶţֿգ
˰룬ȥҲ᲻ֿˣֿˣҲδ̫ˡ
ಣ
ɫҶˣҶ˷ֱץסһ
ȫĿתĿҶеĹ򣬾˭ֿˣ
˹˿еĺһţҲ˵첢ûֿա
ȥҲ˹ֿ˹ȥȥҲȻǶţ
ȻǵȥҲ֣ôҶضֿˡ
ȻҶһɫ˾Ϳŵ
ҶҲû뵽ֿյ˻Լ
Ҳ˵ȥҲ֮ʤߣӭսҶ塣˵
ٺ٣ҿⳡԲҲգӮҲǵ졣
ûֱõҶ彻֡
ߣô˵Ҷ䣬ֱõһ
ѵ˵ĲʵȥҲҶ壬ǵĶ֡
ٺ٣ǿδأһô죿
ս۷׷ס
ɵĳҲۡ
Ӧò䣡
ûǵĵĶӣ
ն˰ֻ˴ʥ۷֮Ķͨˣ
ٺ٣Ҳѹô꣬ĶӶҲ
ȥҲĸҲΪڵģȴܸ˵Ρ
Ҳ͵Ĵ컯˴ʥνһСҲÿκ͵ĽֶˣϴǽֵʱѾһٶǰʱǶնʥ
ȥҲ͵˾˵ȴûн֡
˵ȥҲÿμ춼ƵߣԣǴûн֡
Ҳ˵ȥҲ͵Ѿ֣ܶǵĵһȥҲÿζ䣬ÿζӮ
ȻЩֻҥԶѡ
ʱҶѾصϢңȥҲ̨
Ҷ忴̨ȴ˽֣˵еһ˽Ķ֣ɲ˽ֵĻᡣ
̨ϡ
㸸׺͸׽֣ÿζˡ컺ڡ
㸸㸸ף㡣ȥҲЦͬҲҸס
ҾĿԴ㾿ܲʤҡЦ
ȥҲ˵һ֣һѳìСսΪֹǵһʹõ˭Ҳû뵽ȥҲ͵һȻҲʹóì
ѧڼìЦʵ
ѧ˵ڼìȥҲʡ
˶ɻǾ˵ʲô
ĪǡѧìһģҶ
ͻ֪ˡûлشȥҲѧ˵ڼì
ȥҲ˵ʲôŲһʸ˵죬ٶʵ̫죬ѾԶԶԽ컯ߵļޣЩҲȲ
Ӱ֣
Ҷ֪ȥҲٶ֮ô죬ΪӵӰ֣ӵӰ֮ˣٶҲȲϡ
ΪȥҲһģٶܱȹȥҲ˲롣
ûܣǰ벽һìըìҪջһ
һìƼ򵥣ȴȥҲ·ȫʹȥҲҲ޷ǰȥҲġơδͱӲϣֻûдﵽ۷ʱһì̳

ìཻ˶˰벽
ܶ˶¶֮ɫȻû뵽ȥҲȻܵסĹ
֮ǰȥҲչֳսûôǿ
ٺ٣ӮЩѡЦ
ûȥҲʵȵδػӮҶһ
̨ϣȥҲΧìӰѾɱ
ע⵽ȥҲìһģһΨһͬǣìӰԵ籩һ㣬ȥҲì죬䡣
ѵģҲ͵ʦֵܣҶۺȻڡ
ǲʦֵܣҲĪĹϵ˵ǸԵĶӣͬһԴ
ʱ̨ϵȥҲӰͻȻʮ飬̨ǡ
˭ҲǸı
ͬȥҲķʱԭزì̶ľˮֱԴͬʱͷŶ
ȥҲӰì˺ܶȫı
̳ìٶٿ죬Ҳô̵ʱڰзơ
Ѿڵ챳ͬʱ˵ĺ󱳡
ͬʱì˵ͷ­
ͬʱ֣ѡ񹥻˭Ҷ롣
Ҳһ쾿ƽȥҲĹƣ
ͻȻһɫѵУȥҲȫϡ


721 
ȥҲĹȫϺ飬촷ۡ
ڿĵ֣
ɲ֮䣬̨ЩǴ̨ģÿִޱȣҴż̡
ȥҲ뷢
ľ·ѾȥҲ̴ĳ档
Ȼһ̣ȥҲӰȴʧˣʱ̿ա
˾ɣȥҲȥʲôطˣ
ҶҲܳԾֻдʥܡ顱ȥҲʩչ顱ȺȥҲʦȥҲȥʲôط
ͻȻһӰƾճ˵һì˵ĺף
ЦһͷҲûлأȥҲĳì
ͳìײ飬ì졣ߵѾ֯ס˳ìסȥҲĹ
סȥҲĹ󣬵һìȥҲüġȥҲͬʱҲ̳һì˵ʽһޣȫһģһ

ì˶˼˭Ҳûռˡ
һӱȥҲͬʱһì˳ȥ
ȥҲӰûʮ˸ֲ徿ĸ
ҲûдȥҲٿȥҲʮӰ
Ȼ˳ԾǣȴҲʮȻȫǼٵģ֮ȫޡ
˳ŵȥȥҲ֪ʱȻ˵챳̳һì
ֻìӰһììʹ˵ϣǵĿ죬󾱿Ѿìˡ
ļϽѪì̳ĳì
˴󾪣ȻˣսʼһΡ
ҶҲһȥҲȻ˵졣
Ȼ𾪵·ˣֻ¶Цݣץס˲ԼĳìʹȥҲ޷ѳìȥ
󣬵ٿرһȥҲ
ȥҲֻìˣȻìȴƹ֮š
ȥҲûбܿһұۣѪɽ
ȻȥҲȻҲˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ȥҲ͵ܾˡ
˵ͫ׶һҶҲ¶֮ɫֻγԼϵĳìϵ˿Ѹˡ
֣Ҷ³ĸ֣ɫȻ
Ҷ۵ĻףԭȻеڶ֡
˵ӵ˫֣Ǻ֪ĵĵڶʲôû뵽Ȼǲ֣
˵ӵв֮ˣֱնɱҲ½ϣԹȻ٣
в֣Ѿڲ֮أ
ȷӵв֣ͨ˸ԵûκӰ죬˻ˣҲƴȥҲ
ڣûκȥҲӮϣҶҲˡ
ӵвָ֣ˣȥҲʲô춷
Ȼһ̣𾪲ѵַˣֻȥҲֱۣȻҲѸˣ
⡭⡭ܶ˶ʯˡ
ҶҲ𾪲ѣȥҲȻҲв֣
Ҷ۵Ҳû뵽ȥҲȻҲвֻ֣֣еĺ͵츸Ӳ
ֵǣϸû¶֮ɫƺѾ֪ȥҲӵвˡ
뿴ĲָǿҵĲָʤһЦˣѳìȥҲ
ȥҲֽסìЦϾ֪ˣ
ವһ˵죬ì缲籩죡
첻ʾҲ˳ìӭȥ

ìӰɣ˵ӰìӰС
˵ìһģһ˭ҲûռϷ硣
ͻȻѪڷɣϸһȻǵ类ˣɲ֮ˡ
ȥҲҲì⻮ˣͬϾˡ
˰˶ӵв֣󾿾¹˭֣˭Ҳ²
֡ȥҲ͵춼в֣Ƕеڶ֣󾿾˭Ӯδ֪֮Ҷ
ǵʤȥҲҶ˵һս
ӵвֵˣ˭˵бʤİա
û뵽ȥҲҲв֣ô˵ҲӦҲв֡˵Ҳ͵쾿ʲôϵĪ֮ͬ˲ɣ
Ȼ֮ͬˣΪʲôҪɱҶ۲ʵ
ţӵвֵˣڼǰǨƵֻģĺȥҲǵĺҲ˵˵
һǨƵֻ󲻾ãǿУ˴󲿷ֶѾˡһֱΪֻʣ˵һû뵽ҲȻҲǲһˡذ˵
겻һӵдۣŲһĴ֮󣬲һĴжϾˡҶ˵һֱҲ۵ĴУֱûҵ
ҵˣǵ鷳¾ʹˣذȳ
һֱ뽨ֻش½ߴɣذȵ˵Ȼϣҵ۵ĴСϣնϵھͻƵʥ۷塣
ȥҲҲõ۵ĴУҺУ򡭡û˵ȥ˶֪˼
ȥҲ͵ֵĻɣûǸܵסˡ
Ѿնϰǿֻ֣κһɻ˵Ƿǳġ
Ҷ۵˵ʱ򣬴۹ĳУһƣĿ⿴䳡ڵλãĿƺܴտ䳡һ
˲Ǳˣǹºӣ
һ塭ºЦ˵һĲϼͻƴʥϣΪ۵İ취ٺ٣ۻǻŪĺˣЩ۷ǿߣҲ޷ĴʥͻƣֻһոͻƵ۾˶ѣȻ˵ֻǴԲѣ
г˳Ͳм
˭Ҳ뵽һǴ۵ߣȻҳһۡ
һҲ˵ͻƵ۾һ۵Ҳ˵ֻʵڿЦºӼЦһٱһ
¾ƱºһСӣһ˽ʦܵĶ֣ȻʦܵΪǣҪӮȴδزܡŵˣˣ
ҶȻš
νսʦ֮⣬ҲͲһСӻùȥ˶ЩѡºЦ۶ûҲ֡
ȻɵĵӲмһˡ
ʦܶ԰ֵ򲻴ϧľʵ̫ͣս֮󣬿ҵóְһѡºЦʦܰʦܣɵøϿɳҺڴ
Ҷ岢֪ڹעȫעĹۿȥҲս
ȥҲȫˣϵÿһ˺۶Լٶϡ


722 
ȥҲв֣ͨˣתָܹܸ֮ˣ˶˵㲻ʲô
˵ӵвֵܶ֫Ҳ֪Ǽ١Ҷ
ֹҶ壬Ҳ֪ȥҲĲָ֣жǿ
˵۵֫ĵز˵ΪӦ޷һҶ˵
ٺ٣СһҲҪͻƵʥСЦ
˵Ǿ˭ܻʤǧҹͻȻˡ
죡
ȥҲ
Ҷ۵˵Ļش𲢲һȻǵ۹⣬Ҳ˭Ӯ
̨ϣȥҲɱ˰У˶ʹ˫֣ȫƾɱ
ȥҲӰ춼ǣۻңϲ˷ʹȥҲķ޷

˳ìཻԴ硣
ȥҲڵıԴ͵ڵıԴ¡
һƾеս˭˭Ӯκ˶޷Ԥ⡣
ͻȻʩչطϢǣȥҲͬҲʩչط˵ʵ˺ܶࡣ
䣡
ٴν֣ת˲֮ɱ˸߿ƲС
Ҷ̧ͷȥûãȥҲ͵ɱ̨
˶һֻȥҲ쳤ìһѪֹ
ܲڰȥҲٻָ˿ڣȥҲʵ̫أָٶȻ̫ˡ
ʱûɱȥҲȥҲӭУûֱˣɳ̨ҲȥҲȫһìۡ
ìᴩ۶̨Ե˲
ȥҲأ˿ڴڲͣĽѪͬʱ̨ϵĵֱҲѪϵ̨
˰ĭ˭Ҳû뵽ȥҲ͵ս˲ҡ
죡ҶĿһĶ֣ǵ졣
ҵĲֻҪʤһ츩ȥҲЦ
ȥҲ̧ͷŵ죬Цս˵תƿշߣһεѪƮ
ȥҲȥʱ򣬵ֱϵ˿ھȻѾȬˣָٶ֮죬ʵզࡣ
һʱ󣬽д˴սһԡذȻڡ
ȫˡ
˴սĵһǵĪˡ
ûҶ츳ȻǿɱϾΪ죬ǵĶ֡
ǸղŵѾˣҶҲδûлᡣ
ٺ٣ѾˣҶֻҲǵĶ֡
ǰŵԴԴ֮ĲǺܴġ
û˿Ҷ壬ϾҶ͵֮ΪȷʵЩ
֮ǰҶܵǿ˺ֹһҶҪһܵ죬ûʲôܡ
£ֻοºµҶԲ졣
ϢڣҶ˵û⡣
Ҫƽⲻ֣õ˵޷ָҶش죬ԲǼ׵¡
ӵлɱߵʵҶҪش죬Ѷȷʵܴ
һʱܿ͹ȥˡ
Ҷ͵ͬʱ̨
Ҷ壬ЦȥҲ֮⣬͸֮һϣ᲻Ҫʧ
ְɡҶһЦ
ȡìȳ֣ͬ䵽ҶǰìҶͷ­
Ҷ󽣣һһס˳ìһɾӴϴҶֱϣҶֱһ顣
Ҷתķȫ˲ڵס˵ԵĹơ
Ȼûʧ
Цˣì籩Ҷ壬
ҶԶʮԵУ˿·硣
ܶ˵϶¶֮ɫȻû뵽ҶȻܵס͹
ͻȻ쳤ìٶȱ죬Լì˱Դ
ҶҲѹԴ˽Уֵס˵Ĺ
ǹԴһƾЩ㻹ԶԶҵĶ֣
ƾոֳҶ壬Ҷȥ·ȫˡ
Ҷʱ޴ӡ
ΣͷҶͷųͷʹá׹ݡӳİΧƾճ̨һǡ
ڿϳȫˡ
һЦ˫֣ͷųֱԴȫҶ塣
ҶҲͷųԼֱԴӭȥ
˽֣ʯ쾪
ҶֱֻԴȴֵס˵ľŴԴΪҶԴ֮Умֵʮ־ˡ
͹ذ
дغɱ¾˵
ٺ٣Ϸģ˭ҲϷЦˣʦѧҪҶֵӡ


723 ս
ذȺͳĻĿ˸Ҳ֪ЩʲôҲҶʦѧġ
Ҷ۰һ۵ףά
¡
̨ϴ죬Ҷ͵ֶһȭ
ҶǿҲ֮ҶԾǣ֮Ҳǿ󣬼㲻ҲѾԶ
ȴ֪˿̵иӳԾ֮ǲһԴ
ʵ޷ţҶ֮Ȼһ֮Ҫǿ
ڵԾ֮ʱҶʹȭͬʱֻӽնͷ­
һȭһѵƵֻˣӲӣضˡ
ٶȼ죬ȻȥҲҲͨ컯ȡɲ֮䣬˺˺üʮɣܿҶĹ
ţӵҶ壡

Ҷ޾壬ߵķݻԴһԴϾȼ
Ҷ˻֮Դ󣬶ڿƵĵкܴá
ͷųҲ˼ǿԴ֮Ҫȫվܡ
Ҷ嵱ȻҲûվߵķĽ۳˼ʸһ˵졣һ죬쵽ԵٶҲ޷
ûܣֱֽס˼ʸʸƻˣѪֹ
һ̣˿˲ˣûܹһ
һѼʸ飬ʸһġ
в֣ͬӵвֵ⣬˭սʤ˰̾ϢǶѾ϶Ҷûʤ㡣
˻ˣҶҲᱻ
ͻȻҶ塣
𾪵ǣҶҲֿȭסץס󣬺Ħһ𻨡
Ҷָûˣ޲㤣Ҷжǿ
СӵֻѾܵסƷĹôģһ۹ĳ𾪡
ֹϣɺܶ೤϶¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ʱҶҲ飬̤Žɱ˵죬̤
Ҷ壬ʹҶٶȼŵìɱҶ塣

Ҷô󽣵ס˳ìʩչ컯졣
ӡһ̫һĹ򣬵ס˴컯ơ
һըâ䣬̨
Ҷ۵⣬ûܿҶ͵ӰĽ֮ӹâдҶ͵ڼս
ڣâɢȥĿȥҶоȻֶһѽ
Ҷڼ˲׺齣ʹ˫Ĺ
вɨˣȻǸղűҶеĽƵģͬҶҲв˺ۣû˼ǡ
ɲ֮䣬ϵƾͻָˣǴûܹһ
˰̾һԶĵ죬ȥҲе⣬֮ͨͬˣ˭սʤ죿
ο²ΪҶ嵣ǵĿº͹Ȼʱȴº͹ȻҶ䣬־ɡ
ο뿪˵ʲôʱ̨ϵҶ͵ּս
һֳìһֳΪޣҶ塣
Ҷ˫ʹ˽ʥ޼ʱ佣ݺᣬա
ӶһԲȦһԲȦͱУʧΡ
˭Ҳû뵽ı޷ȻҲ˾ˣ֮ǰȥҲֵʱһ֡
óıǱ޷Ķӵı޷ͨ˿ڡ
벻ҶȻܰѵƵ̶ֳȣ
ٺ٣õһûôס
ۣЩ˿ʼƫҶһߡ
̨ϣҶĴѾʮȴȻκβ˵죬Ͼ˾ֱԴߡ

һҶµĵͻȻֳһҶסˡ
ҶδüӽĳìͱУֱüĶȥ
ΣͷҶ弱˰벽Դס˳ìţҶһնԾ
ոԾĳìִ˫ס˳ìߵķݻɼʸһ˵ĺ
ֻܳسìŵԾ𣬳ìǡô¼̨֮⡣
ã̲ס̾
Ҷ̧ͷŵ죬̳˼ǵصķ
Ҳ˼ììӰ졣
ײҶ͵֮伤һŹ⻪ҫ֮
˿Ŀѣۡ


724 ʤ
䣡
ҶһУ˳嵽˰Уɱ
ս𣬸Զʹȫ
ìͱ޷侫ں˾ŴԴޱȡ
ҶԴֵס˵ĹЦʩչطϢǣɱҶ壡
ʱҶ·硣
ҶѾѽӵ˼£Ȼ޷סĹƣط̫ǿ
ֻϾҪӮˣ˵
ûֻӮˡܶ˶ΪҶ䶨ˡ
ҶľȷʵܲүΪǵ컯۷塣ܶ˶ΪҶʩչĳطʵǶ֪ʵҶǽ˱˵
ʲôطȻطô࣡𾪡
ҶطȻȵطҪǿʵڷ˼ܶ˶ˡ
¹˭ֻδ֪Ҷôطδػ죡˵
䣡
Ҷ彻֣Ҷְƣһѹס˵졣
ľû뵽ҶȻ˵طҪ֪һطȲϵطҲֻǴ۳崴ġ
Ҷ岼óԴһһͬʱɱ˵죡
ү֮ҶΪѾ͵൱Ҳ޷ΪѹҶ塣
ȫ֣תѪһȵĻ¯һ˷۳ɵ
裬ײһ𣬺¡¡ľ쳹ľмͷĽ֯ƬĴ䡣
˽ʮУԷֳʤ
ͻȻѪܲ˵Ϣ˲٣ȻְԼĲֵˡ
ҶĽƤ⣬˲ˣǰ󲻹һգ۵ʱ䡣ҶĹƣɱҶǰìҶͷ­
ìΧ޵ӰǾ޻ǾǱӡ
ҶӰʱ޵Ӱڱ
˶Ҷ嵣һֻ̣ӰзɳŸɫֱ֣ӰžŸɫѹ˵졣
ìֵì֮Ӱ
䡭
ײڶһֺ˵ţѵŶײȥһɳ̨׹ڵء
˹˰ŷӦ
Ȼˣܶ˶һ
ǿԴ˸ղǾŸɫ֡
Ҷ۵ҲһֽǴʥҲҪԾοǱˣ
ˣǧҹҶղʩչİֽ쾵ڵ伮ϼصžѧĪ
ڣºӿҶʩչİֽҲ¶֮ɫ
ʱ׹̨ĵվ̧ͷ̨ϵҶ壬ŭЦʥ۽֮ս
˵꣬ͷҲص뿪䳡߳䳡ʱų˿ھȻѾȬˣָ֮죬զࡣ
ÿֲĲ֣ܶ˶¶֮ɫ
үҲҪʹܻܵ죡Ҷ忴Žȥĵ죬ˣ˵ʥ۽羿ʲôط
˴սĵһҶ壡ذȻڡ
ȫڣҶܵõսĵһ˵
ڶǵ죬ȥҲʮȺ󣬷ֱҶꡢպ͡ӡ١Ĭ塢ī
ˣսǰʮȫ¯ˡ
ҶܳΪսĵһ˵󣬲ҶıҲȫϵһ
ǰʮ԰ʦ˵еκһλΪʦȻ𲻴ӦȡԼ迴Ҷ壬ЦҶСѣԸʦѧ
ٴʥһһĶ졣
ҶδشĻҶͻȻҶ壺Ӧϸɣ쾵ڰ㣬ħ޼½ĻҲһЩ
ԣҶ뿪ڴӦ裬֪ʱذȺȻڣʥ۽翪ڼͽʱһǴʥ۽˵ɡ
ǺһЦΣϷҲҪҶСΪӣڣЩЩһģϷ͵ҶСѴʥ۽ˡ
Ҷɻʥ۽羿Ǹʲôط
֮ʥ۽翪ʼʱ򣬽սǰʮˣԼϣ֮µĵӣԿʥ۽硣ذ˵
ˣսĽ
۹μսСɣ۶ʱַǷ
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صѩ¥ҶҶˣʥ۽羿Ǹʲôط
Ҷ꿴Ҷ壬ش˵ʥ۽һƮֻ͸ʮһ츣أ˭Ҳ֪츣ص
պ˵츣طǳ󣬾ݴ˵Ӧٸ벽µĶ츣ء
ҶĿ˸벽µĶ츣أĺöԲ١
ʥ۽ΪؾؾʥؾطҶ˵ؾ߽клͻƵؾҲˣһ棬лͻƵ
ʥؾʺЩͻƵǿ߽ȥͻʥھʲô˭Ҳ֪Ҷ˵
νʥ۽磬ʼǽؾպ˵ؾֻһµʱ䣬һ¹ͻƲᱻıԴ֮ǿдͳʥ۽硣ɹͻƵĻᱻ͵ؾؾʱ֮꣬޷ͻƵҲᱻͳȥ
꣡Ҷ΢
ʥ۽꣬Ź˶ʮѡպһЦ
ʥ۽ſһΣѵãÿܽСҶ˵ֻӵʥ˲ܽȥ
ÿʥ۽ر˲䶼ʥʥɢֻһᲨʮʥֻʮöպ˵ʮǧˣʮöʥȷʵࡣ
ԣֻнսһֵˣԼЩ츳ȻӲлʥ۽硣Ҷ˵ʥ۽ʮˣǳΣա˵ϴֻȥһǧˣ˻ķ֮һ
ֻʵǿģнķ֮һ˻ųˡеܻųˣʮ֮һҶ˵
Ҷ岻ʥ۽Ȥ⾿ǸʲôĵطȻͻʥ֮
ʥ۽֮ڻвޡ壬ؾЩа벽ǿߡպ˵ǿߣڴʥؾ˵벽ʥС
ȥʥ۽磬ǻҪħ塢ħˣÿζûԸ塣Ҷɫ
Ҷ˶˵ͷ
£һ£󶼷˸Եķ䣬ȴʥ۽Ŀ
һΣʥ۽翪ĵص㣬ɵĴʥѾֻ


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725 ʥ۽
صҶУֱٰԴڣ컯Բˡ
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Ҷ뱾Դʱѩ¥ĳ䷿ڣǸںͰƷɶڰ̸
˵û취׳ҶĻǾͳʥ۽翪ĻᣬҶԶʥ۽磡˵
ȥˣҪ֣һ˶ԸҶ塣Ʒ˵
˵ȥʱֻҪǻһˣķԸ˵
ٺ٣˵Ļ㾡ܷıǣҶû취뿪ʥ۽磡ƷЦˡ
ڰѱԴڵҶ壬֪Щ
ʱĺܿ죬תۼһ͹ȥˡ
Ҷڳɹİľ֮Դȫʵ˲١ûֿͣʼˮ֮Դ
죬Ҷһֱںˮ֮Դʥ۽ֵϢʱŰˮ֮Դȫ
ˣֻһֱԴܴﵽ컯Բˡ
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ϣҶҶ˳̸
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ȻˣЩľûͻƵߣԸðһաҶ˵
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ǰʥ۽ǰ˵ڽʥ۽ʮͬԣ壬ҲԲҪպ˵
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ֻʮУȻʵǿģҲǰ˵ʵֻǿģӦֻޱͱ򣡡
΢٣Ҷ壬ӵ׼۾ǿߣ
׼ۣ
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Ȼޱͱ׼ۣѵǲ𣿡ҶȻʵ
ȻᡭҶЦԣʵˣһޱͱ׼ۣҲκβ˼γɵˡ
ֻҲ𣿡Ҷ岻ʡ
Ҷ˶ҡҡͷֻûкˡ
Ҷɻ
Ҷʦһֻ֣ΪʲôˡպЦ
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ΪʲôҪߣҶɻ
֪û֪ԭ򡣡պ˶ҡҡͷ˵֮ߣΪһλֻǿߣλǿʹ˳ֻ򡣡
Ҷ⣬ֻȻܱ׼۵ǿߡ
ֻĴʥǶȥѰҹȴûҵλǰҶ˵λǰʵĻ˭Ҳҵ
ҶĵûһпǴ۵ǿߣ벻ñҵô˸ܷټ
ΪǸǿߣԱޱŲֻ̲򡣡պ˵ԣֻ򲻺Ҳûϵ
Ȼޱ򲻻ֻ򣬵Ǵ˴ʥ۽翪ǾԲŹֻĻᣡҶ˵ֻʥ۽ˣʵ󲿷ֶǱɱģ
ޱ⣬Ϊ׼ǿߣǱޱ򣬶ֻһɣɵƽ̣׼ۣպ˵򱱶ţޱޱڣֻĴУ
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Ҷ̧ͷǰֻǰǿкȻƯɫţŲţߴɣ޾ǿУҲԵüߴϡ
һɫʯС֣һ˵ԪƺҪһ˼æ
ڶʯдš֡
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726 ؾ
дšֵʯţǽؾڣʯҲˡ
ʯǰĿɲֹֻش½ˣ塢塢ħ塢ħ˶ˣǿգ飬Ҳ塣
ಡ
ԶҲ̳ŷ۸ˣԽԽࡣ
ҶɨΧķ۰һЩͷǵˣһЩ˫ˡʵ̫࣬ɫɫۻҡ
ޱ˾ȻûȺкȻЦ
ٺ٣źޱˣǲġ˼Ц
ˣƺʹޱޱˡ
ˣ
Ȼ˿ڡ
˶ŲԶȥֻǧ೤ľͷۻʻϷֱдűޱޱˡ
ҷۻɽҶ忴˴ϵˣޱڵĴϣһɫǴɫ۵ˣ󲿷ֶˣһ˺ߣͷǰˣȻʥʥ嫡
ŵĵӺͳ򶼴ɫӣҲʥӡ
ǱŻޱڣһʥ۷ǿ˷
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ŵʥ۽磡ŵĴʥ۷ǿ߻ڡ
ޱڵʥ۽磡ޱڵĴʥҲˡ
źޱڵĵӷ׷׳ʯŷȥ
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ǿһҲ׷ɵĵӽʥ۽硣
ֻɵƽҲ׷ҶҶ˶ؾڷȥ
䣡
ſڴǿЦһͻȻֹˣ˲ʾҲ׷׳֡
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ҶҶͬҵǿߵĹǷ׷׻֡
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Ҷһȭһ꣬ʯţҶ͵˽
һ̡
ҶҶ˽ؾ
ؾֲïܣĹϵϢ
ҶһˣҶꡢպҶ诡ȥҲ˲֪͵ʲôط
ҶһΧҶ˵ؾ֮ܰͻƵΪؾıԴ֮ıԴ֮ŨЩطıԴ֮Ũ̶ʮ
ҵʦ˵ؾ֮һ֮ĵط֮Դպ˵֮ĵطؾؾȱȽǡǰֵطΪԴ֮أ
Ҳ˵ֻҪҵԴ֮أϣıԴҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
βҵԴ֮أҶ岻ʡ
Դ֮صλãÿʥ۽翪֮󶼲һ˭Ҳ֪ȥѰұԴ֮ءҶش𣺡Ψһİ취ǳűԴŨĵطȥ˵ϣҵԴ֮ءȻ˵Դ֮ӵеıԴʵѾıԴˣܻæһ
˺һ֮󣬾ͿԸӦǸطıԴŨǾ֪Ǹطȥˡպ˵
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Ҷ塢ҶȥҲͬʱ£Ž˺һ
Ҷ诺պ𾪵ǣҶȻһξͽ˺һȥҲҶĵһγȴʧˡ
ҶȥҲĿҶ壬ЦҡҡͷǶʹ֮ǽ˺һҲóΣĻҶһԳɹ
ʱҶѾʼӦԴŨĵطʲôλã˫۵ɲǣַ˵򣡡
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ͬʱƿշߡ
ͬʱҲͬķȥУбŵĵӣ
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ÿõǴʥ
ȻޱڵҲƣޱʮ˸ɺϲɵģÿڵҲǴʥ
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ֻҪɵ׼۲䣬ǾԶҲ˥ȥ
ʱҶȥһƬɫɭ֮УɭⱾǰ죬һɭ֣ͻȻΧĹͻȻ÷ǳİ
ʲôطҶ˾ɡ
ŨĺڰԴȥҲ
ҶҲӦ˺ڰԴϢطУò˶ãԿڰԴ


727 ɭ
ûмǴطӦýɭ֣Ҷ诺Ȼڡ
ɭ֣Ҷһаɭ֣Ҳʵ
ɭС
Ҷ诵Ļδ˵꣬Ҷ塢ҶꡢȥҲպͬʱһâǵĺ󾱣ͬʱҶ诺ҲһâͬҲĺ󾱡
Ҷ˵ķӦܿ죬ͬʱתʩչֶεס˺â͵Ϯ
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Ҷص˵ղ͵ϮǵˣӦǰɭֵİ飡
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ڰԴˣһںڰ֮УΧղֱ˴ˣֻҪûڰԴǴʥҲֲκζߡ
Сģרſձ˵ľѪΪǿ϶͵ϮǣҶҶˡ
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ʱΧзɫʸЩʸ͸ģȻǺɫâ۶ɵġ
ˣҶȴûСЩʸǶȫײһʸʧĸɸɾȫҶ˻ˡ
ֻģļҶˣҶĴܣܿ˼Ĺ
ҶعͷȥҶ˵ʱΧȻڱֻ֮ҡ
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ಣ
һѺڰ֮۳ɵĳǹҶţʸ
Ҷ弱ˣ˺ɲȡ׺齣һѳǹ룬ǹʱ˵â
ڰֻ֮˳ìꪵȵȣϵĶҶ巢Ҷʼն֪ԼĶ־ʲôط

Ҷ⵽Ϯʱ򣬰ɭĳĬ塢١졢ī˲֪ʱȻҲ˰ɭ֡
ͬҲ⵽ϮҲֿˡ
ҲԵ˷˷Ĺ˵ĴҲƺܲ
ͬʱŵĵҲ黮ˣеһһеˣһ
ߣһȺֶѣȻҲҳֶԸǣŵһһ
һıŵӻһЦ˵ʦ֣αظЩ
ٺ٣ûʦֵΪϾͻð鸶ۣһĵ
Ǹ꣬ǱһõүȪΪѾǰ벽漴ܽ
˵ϸڻһڵǵڵ󣬿պڰԴȪЦãαүץֻ飬Ȼǵڵȫߣ
Ļ䣬ΧĺкȻʸȻǰ鱻Ļŭˡ
úãȪЦֿȭץסļʸһ飬ϸֳƬƬۡ
ӵо֣֮ǿ
ŵ׼ۣӵеĵ֣ʵҲǾ֡
ӵо֮ˣɱ֮ǿ֮⣬֮⡣
˰ĹȪЦͥŲ˼ʸ֮ʦܽ

ͬʱҶҲڶԸ飬׼ȷ˵ӦǶԸͷųĺڰ֮
龿ʲôطҶв²⡣
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Ҷڿ˰飬鹲ȫۣǵƤܲ԰ףհݣģطಢûв
һ˿˿ƯΧԵúǹ졣
Ҷͷųɱ飡
֮ǿޱȡ
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ҶҲ˺üסκҶûǰȥӽɱ飬弫ٸɱֻиȻɢȵ
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ûæϾڲ컯ԲʺƿظıԴ

ȻһײӸҶڵ̧ͷ˹ȥ


728 Ʒ
Ҷո̧ͷȥͼǰӰںн֣Ŀһ˹ȥ
֮ˣһ˾ȻǺĬ壬ǰ顣Ĭ彻ֵ飬ҪҶɱǿö࣬Ѿ컯Բ
ĬҶ壬һʱҶûֵĻǳ
Ҷ嵱ȻŹᣬһԾսȦ
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ֱʧڸҶŴ֮߳ҶȥѰҶȥˣ;Уֻɱ˲ٰ飬õ˲ڵ
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Ʒɫ䣬Ц˵ɱңûôס
ٺ٣ݲףϾ֪ˡȪٺһЦ˰Ʒɣ׼֡


729 ȭ
ȪԸƷˣҶԥҪҪְƷɣܰƷΪʲôĿĲŰѰūĴģܶ԰Ʒ֮
ڰƷɻҶһ
۰Ʒ뺦ūﰢūڶ
ΪƷ뺦ūҶͨƷҳҪūˡԣ۰ƷɵĿʲôʱ
䣡
ȪˣƷɺȪһȭ˲˺˼
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䣡
죬ŵӺͰƷ꽻֡
ŵĵԴˣħˣȻҲ·硣
Ʒͬ·磬ȪûмκεҲûʩչκԴȫֿȭںͰƷɽ֡ƷѾ˵ȻȻ޷סȪĹ
ȪֿȭڰƷɵĽϣײǷɽ
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ٴν֣һΰƷɻȭӭȥȭཻ˭ҲûռˣȻ൱
ħˣٽһȭȪЦͻȻֳۣȭͷҲۡ
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ȪͰƷɽɱ˶ʹ˸ԵȭÿȭԴ֮糱ˮϯ
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ˢһβ˦˰ƷɣƷ⧲ʱ˦ڵءȪһԾ˰Ʒɡ
ƷһҧĵֻԮˣ
Ȼһ̣һͻȻͷԾ˹ȥһȭȪ
ȪЦһһȭӭȥ

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ǳֹȪҲ˰ƷǰҶ壡
Ȫסκ̧ͷҶ壬һ𾪣û뵽Ȼܵס֮ȫһ
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һȭཻ˸˰벽
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Ҷ޾壬ȭ͹ȭ̺ȭ֮ը졣
ΧԲľȫ飬ľм
ת˲֮䣬Ѿȭ
ȪȻһʹ˱ŵľŽԴȭһȭ߸ȭȭǳͬʱûҶ塣
ȭһ춯أһʱѹȸС
Ҷת壬ȫ֮˼£һǹȭ
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ŸģҲû뵽ڽֵľȻҶͱŵˡ
Ĭ˶֪ҶʵȪҶ彻־Ȼ·磬жһ
졭˵ֻһţҲ֪Ǽ١ȪЦˡ
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Ȼˣÿ㾿䲻һšȪ΢٣תͷҶЦ˵ҽ⼸ˣսҲ٣
ҶЦȪƾȪһ֮û취ܵˣֻԸ죬ȪҲδػӮ
ߵ˺ĬǰȪ˵Ը㣬һӡ
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Ȫշ˸ɿ⣬̧ͷŵ죬м֮ɫܵ쵲סĹȴѾˡ


730 Χ
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Ȼһ̣ɫȴˣΪ˿˲ˡ
֣Ȫһ˵֣ǰԲַǳмŷֲֲô
֮ܵȲȪƾ費֣ȪδǵĶ֡
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ҪȥұŵˣˣĬɫ䣬һŵ˾ۼǼֶҲû취뿪
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ĬתҶ壬ֿ˿Ʒɺħ꣬ЦҶ壬ΪˣȻְħˣ
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Ǳ˰Ʒɣ׷תߣǰĬЦһҶ壬㱳壬ҲԸ㣬ҲԲ׷Źģ
ҶûĬĻתͷ˰ƷɣһʲôҲû˵ֱһ˰Ʒɣ
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Ҷ壬ΪƾԴ«ܵס𣿡ƷɲΣаЦΧб꣬컯Բ
ֳħǿߣҶȴȻ޾ɫŰƷɣЦʵ֮ǰ˵ĻضǼٵİɣ
ٺ٣Ѿǽ֮ˣ֪ЩʲôãƷЦ
Ȼ㶼Ѿ˵ǽ֮ˣЩʲôϵҶЦˡ
ٺ٣ʵ㣬ȷʵ˻ɹݣҲֻǻɶѣֻҪڰ滹ڣû˸ҶƷЦ
֮ǰΪ̽ҡҶ˵
˵û֮ǰȷʵΪ̽㡣ƷЦĻشҺܲ⣬ѾûмȥıҪˡ
һ⡭ҶЦ˭ģ
֮һġƷһЦħǿ˵֣
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ͬʱҶ壬ͬʱҲԻħϢǿޱȡ
Ҷ߶Դ«Դ«Ȼ󣬲ģݻ֣תײ꣬˵ת쳹
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ֵסԴ«ɲǣΧֱħ꣬ǼɱҶ塣
һΣҶɫڱˣû뵽ȻôħˣЩħȻ컯Բ
ݵҶ忪֣ɢʸ˳ħꡣ
籩꣬ʹħ޷Ҷ塣
ܿ죬ħ͹˼꣬ƽҶߣħȫȭɱҶ壡
Ҷʹ컯ƣ֮粨һϯӲħꡣ
ħҶٻԴ«Դ«ĹסԶݶȥ
׷
Ʒ׷ȥ


731 ɱ
ĳƾոģһӰӷȻҶ塣
Դ«֮ڷݻĴԴ󣬱Ҷ׹ƷɵҪ׷Ҷ壬·ǳѡ
ͻȻҶ괫ѶҶ壬ҶȡҶӰƯǰֻҶ˵ѾȥؾˣҶʦܣؾʱֻһ£ǧҪˣ
˵꣬ҶӰʧ
ӦѾ׷ˡҶڲŶߣ뾡ԼΪϾҶȻѾؾôպ˿Ҳˡ
뵽úûֱӽʥͼڡ
ʥͼڡ
Ҷĵڣʼ֮Դ
ʵҪͻƵ컯ԲѣֻҪѽ֮Դȫˡ
ҪͻƵ¾ЩˣΪԲѾ򵽵ľֱԴ룬ضѡʮֱԴúõʮֱԴеľֱԴںϣӶͻ
һߣֻнǿߣõصϿɡΪᾭرԴĴ壬Ԫ񶼷һδɱ䡣
ɱ䣬˳֮Ϊ
ҶںϽ֮Դʱ򣬰ֱΧΧֵȫǱŵĵӣ飬²һǧˡ
Ϊ֮˵Уһ˱Ȫ
Ȫߵ຺ӣϢǿ󣬶컯Բ
ܣ˵Щ˶ڰ𣿡ǸӵĴЦ
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ֻٸʥ۷壬Ա˵Ǻ¡ԣɱ죬Ի㣡ȪЦ
˵ȥҲĸҲѾն˰ɱȥҲֻֻٵһʥ۷ǿߡ˵ڿʼȥҲ͵죬Ǵ˴ǱɱĿ֮һ
ٺ٣磬˳ֻɵҲɱˣǺˣᱻұ̲ǡӵֻش½촽
ǱŻޱڣǳֻش½ˣǶΪԼƬصס
һǧסΧ˶ҽȥɱ飬ֻش½ˣɱֻش½ˣǧҪһȷ˰֡
ǧ˽󣬺ƺƵͦ

ͬʱ磬ɵƽ̸ʲô
˴νʥ۽磬ֻ壬϶鷳Աźޱڵ鷳ҶɫȻĿڡ
ûбźޱڵѹûɳ˵ǲܱһǰʶԼˣǲŻ
˵ûǵҲô߹ġǧҹ˵
Ҫλޱͱ˿ϳֵĻźޱʲôһ
˭֪֪ϲϳ֣˶٣ذȽ˵һֱڹ۲ǣʱˣȻ֡
Ըˡǿ߶̾һ
ԶźޱڵĴʥҲ̸
ֻϺģҲǼ˶ѡ
ֻӺͷţλħһħǸϲͺڰ棬ˣٺ٣ֵһᣡ
ֻռֻش½
ûֻش½ұŵģ
ٺ٣ӦޱڵĲŶԡ

ͬһʱ̣ҶѾѽ֮Դȫ棬ͻƵ컯Բ
һͻƵ컯Բϸڵɵֺʹ󽣵ֱ䷢˾˵ı仯
ɵֺʹ󽣵ְľֱԴ֮ˣ֮ʣɵֺʹ󽣵ͬʱ˾ŸģÿĴһֱԴ
ǽҶ循ȵ·ˣɵֺʹ󽣵Ϸֱ˵ʮģ
ɵϵķģͷų˵֮
󽣵ϵķģͷųֲĽ⡣
ɵֺʹ󽣵֣ƺĳɱ䣬ԼҲ֪ǵǱǿˣǱˡ
ڣϵķɹֱ𱻾ŸİΧţۡ


732 
ǡԴϢ
Ҷϸ֮ϣȻֱ˵ʮֱԴ
ɵ֮ϵıԴϢȻɱԴ󽣵ϵıԴǽ֮Դ
Ҷû뵽Լϸڻᷢ䣬״ʵ̫˼ˡ
סҶ֣ɵֺʹ󽣵֮ϵʮģ⣬ɢ˱ԴϢ
ɱԴʲôҶ
үȻڣпܣɵֵԴ֮ԴҲ˵
ҶǰһҲû룬ȡ˰ڵɵеĺڰԴ𾪵ǣɵ֣ȻĿڵĺڰԴ
ת˲֮䣬ʮöڵĺڰԴͱҶˡ
ڰԴҶ֫ٺ˿㲻˺һ״̬ȻҲܰѱԴ֮ڣҪԼȥڰԴ
ͬʱɵֺʹ󽣵֮ϣȻ˵ʮһöģһ˿̾ѾƿʮֱԴ
ҶԼҲ֪ھʲô磬ܸоԼ˺ܶ࣬Ѿ컯
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Ȼ֪⾿ô£Ӧòʲô¡ҶɱԴĵʹɵַ˼侪˵ı仯ǿ𾪡
һģŷģеķɢ˽֮Դеķɢ֮ԴƿصֱԴ֮Ҳһһɢ
Ҷɳʥͼ˸ֵĵطһնľһȫˣľм׷ɡ
󽣵ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬㲻ʮĹҲѾֲ൱ǰıӡ
˿Ҷڴ߶󽣣ô󽣱ʮĹضӿֲ
󽣵ֵɱ䣬ҲҶǳԾ
ʱһЦʥͼʦ֣ŮӦǴȺԺˣ򲻿ħ֣
ħ֣
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һŵĵаЦץҶ诵ǰء
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ͬʱŵĵͻȻֹҶ诡
Ҷ诸ܵУǳ
ʱһӰͻȻҶߣӴͷŶסŵĵӡ
ŵĵҽûз㱻ɫɴʲôҲûʣ¡
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ҶʦĪ֪ʲô£Ҷ诿Ҷı飬ʵ
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˶٣Ҷ˵磬츳֮£Ȩޣǧ˸⡣
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ھȥǣҶɫ
Ҷ诵ͷ˵ȥѰպˡ
ҶѾؾڰֵֻպȥҲһ𻹺ãûһŵˣͲˡ
ΪպȥҲʵˣͬʱʮŵĵӣҲֻƴߡ
ҶҶ诸ոշɳȥûãԭȴĵطʮŵĵӣЩ̽һֳ֮󣬾ͳҶȥķȥˡ


733 ʮȭ
ĳպȥҲѾŵΧΪ׵ĵӣȻȪĶ磬
֮⣬ŵĵӣ컯ûǸߡ
쾵ڵ쾵Ԥ֪δ֪ܲԤ⵽Ц
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Ŷ㵹ǰԤԤ⣬ҾʲôʱŭЦ
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Ȳɱ㣬Ҫȥ㿴֮ҾЦȥҲպ
˱ȥȻͷɨˣҿţ
ǣʦ֣ŵʮӦŵ˭ҲΥ档
˵ҪһжȥҲպͬʱһǶɵ콾ǡ

պ˳ȥ
Цһȭͷܲһȭպȭ֮ǹҫʩչҲǱȭ
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պһ߶쾵ͷųɫĹâ
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պĹ󲽱պպȴʩչȫ˺ľ룬ϵ⹥
ȭȻԵƥһʱȴκβպ
ߣһͻȻֳۣȫٶͻȻ죬ɲ֮׷պպδüͷų⣬ȭͷǰ
Σͷպæ쾵ֵ
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ЦȭȥҲȥҲͬûӲӣǿӰ֣ܡ
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վԭأһҲûжĿȥҲӰ仯ת
ת˲֮䣬ȥҲӰٸ飬Χ˿ֻ֮ۻҡ
ŵĵӲΪȴҲʵǿԲͨĶ֡
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һȥҲƺһ˼
ЦһһȥҲʮȭ

ȥҲֵסȭȭʱȥҲѾߣ޷ֵ
Զպ󾪣ѾˣҴ˿ȥҲԶȲȥҲ
ۿȥҲشһӰӵ𱳺һǿҵΣͻȻϮͷ
æȥҲٿתһȭ
ͻȻ𱳺Ҳͬʱһȭ

ȭཻŵŵź˺ѣ˿δ
պȥҲĿˣһ˲ǱˣҶ壡
ҲҶ壬һ𾪺أ˭
Ҷ忴պȥҲЦҵѡ
ô˵ҲֻˣĿһû뵽ֻ嵱оȻҶǿߡ
ȷʵֻˡҶЦˡ
촽ʵʸĶ֣
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Ҷʹȭӭȥ
һȭཻ˭Ҳûк˰벽ȭȭ֮Ԫ

˵ȭͷǷɳۣײһ𣬾ҵײڶ
ŵĵǿĿɿڴ˭ȻܺͶʦֳֿȭӲӲ
պȥҲҲǳԾǰҶûʵ
ڣ˵ȭͷʮײʱָһˣҲĺ˼ɫ԰ס
ʦ֡ȻˣŵĵӸоһ
˼飡պȥҲ˿Ҷ˿̵ʵ֮ǿѾȫǵ
ǲ֪ҶԴϸڵɱԴͽ֮Դ֮˵֮һ̨ס


734 ǿ޵
ԼҲû뵽Ҷ壬ǱҶԴ֮ˣ˵ǳ衣
ʱҶ𣬿ҶҪ֣ŵĵǷ׷׳Ҷ塣
Ҷ屻ŵĵǰΧסɫ䣬һȭһȭÿȭâǳۡ
ȭ֮ŵĵ߹һȫɣ˵ˣı
˿̵Ҷ壬һ̨εɱ¾޷赲
һŵĵӼɱұŵˣұžԲŹ㣡
룡Ҷһȭ˳ȥ˵ͷ­򱬣Ѫɽ
ɫ䣬͵ҧתߣ£ҶҲɱһɱ
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ҶЦüͷųģʸವһıġ
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ѭȥҶ忴һ̤շ
磡ϲ
˾ȻĴ
ֻ׼㱱ŵ˶Ըˣ׼˶Ըŵˣô˵𣿡ҶЦ
ҾˣЦ
ҶһһǹȭһȭӭȥȭཻҶֻоȭͷʹаһȴ֪˿иӳԾȭͷʹҲ

ٴν֣ȭȭཻײһ
ԲǴĶ֣ĵ־ѵģĵ
䡭
ɱ˰УһǹһŹâײ
˽ֵʱҶѾպȥҲߡ
պҶ诣ɻʣΪڶ̶̼ʱڣҶʦܵΪôࣿ
ҶҡͷҲ֪ô¡
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ˣպа̾
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˿ȥֻѾ˰˰ģ̧ͷУֻҶմ󽣣Ϸܲâ˸
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һľצҶ塣
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һһɱ
Ҷֿ֣˫뿪ʵǿҲûֵܵסձҶһնˣ˻Ρ
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ҶûзŹĴ㣬ûмŽʵǿͻȻɱ𣬴󽣱ʮĹ
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һֱӰѵһѷ죬ɳһɶ˵ϣ˺üʮײͣ
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ͻȻɵߣץס𣬴ƿշߣ౱ŵĵӴ󾪣æɢߡ
ЦԶԶͻƵĳ֤һԶؾ
պ˵ɫЩأǲ˵Ļʮã˲һõĵӶѣ˰ʮõĵټǸֵס
Ͼֻʵ̫࣬ʵʵ̫ɢˡ
źޱ׼ڣ԰ϣֻȴС
Ǳ뿪֣ȻһͻƵؾպɫ
ΨһܱܿŴӵİ취֮һ
һ취Ƕȵһ¹Զͳȥ
ȻҶǾԲѡڶ취
ߣ
Ҷ弸˳Űȥ

ͬʱѾȪϣȪУǵ֪˸ղźǽֵˣӦþȪһֱҵҶ壡
Ȫ𾪣˵ǸӦþҶ壬ǲǰҸպҶ彻֣Ҷʵ൱ǵĶ֣
һ
ãɫص˵ȻˣôֻһֿܣǾʱʵͻȻˣ˵Ľٶ֮죬ʵ˷˼
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˵ȻãɳȥΪŵĴУ˵ɱؾ֮Ҳ취ɱ
ţҶǾܹؾġ
¸ޱڵˣǿ϶˸ȤĿһ
磬֪˱ϣ»ᡭ
Ļδ˵꣬Ȼ˰֣ûϵֻҪܳҶУҶԲں


735 ޱ
ѶŵĵӣͬʱҲԼҶܵϢޱڡ
֮ĳУʮޱڵĵӣȽӵĴѶ
Ȼһֻ
ܰɣֻ𣿡
ûֻɵУҲ˭ܻ
ϢԼģԲм٣
ٺ٣ھȥǽҶˣҺ뿴Ǻηʥ
ޱڵ˵ʼؾѰҶ䡣
һУҶ岢֪˿Ѿպһ뿪˰֡ڷϣպҶ诺ȥҲڳڰԴȻѺڰԴֱԴںϣ̶ͻƵ
ǲҶһֱɵɺڰԴԱ밴Ͱࡣ
Ҷڳ԰ѺڰԴԴںϣȳԺ͹Դںϣȴʧˡֳ˻Դɱ¾ԴҲʧˡ
ѵڰԴЩԴû취ںϲɣҶü
ֿʼ԰ѺڰԴֱԴںϣֲǺڰԴܺԴںϣںϵѶ̫
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֮ԴܲܺԴںϣҶֿʼԣ֣֮ԴҲлԴںϣѶȻܴ
ʼɱԴԴںϣԴһƽɱԴͱɱԴˣ޷֮ںϡ
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738 
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739 ֮Դ
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741 Ԫ
һ֮ҶοڴһȺˣǳûһֻܼ⣬ëÿ˶ÿ쳣
Ⱥ˹ʮˣں˽֣˵ϲͷųΧж
ѩˣҶοһۣ뵽˱ѩˡ
ͱѩ˽ֵʮ꣬ʵףѩ˷ǳǿ󣬿Ȼסѩ˵ĹƣȫϷ硣
Ҷע⵽ʮԪ֮ǿ󣬼£Ҫ֪Ԫ֮ɱͨ߸Ϻܶ౶ҼʦУҶԪ֮Ҳ㼫ǿġ
ͻȻʮͷųͷǾȻȫʦɫķƯΧݻԴ󣬺ɱѩˡ
ѩԱѩ֮۳˾޽סһһԴ
ѹһȡ
ٺ٣ԸóǶĻȻѹ˵һѩЦ
ߣΣǸһȻԸѶ
ȻǲϰѶĻǾ͵ǵĹʬˡѩЦʵҲǹҸЩһ᲻ǹٶˣԪһĹ˶࣬ǵ棬»ѹɣ
ЩΪԪ顱Ŀ¶ŭɫһŭȵһ᲻ϧһ۱ǣ
ٺ٣±ĻͲôˡѩ˴Ц
Ԫ飡ҶһȻԪ顣
Ԫ飬˵еʦһֱʦҪһҪѣǵǿ󣬱ʦձ鶼Ҫǿ
Ԫ鲢ֻ򣬶û뵽ʥ۽ȻС
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ֻǲ֪ʥ۽Ԫһ徿жǿ
ѩһ뿪ս𣿡һԪ˵
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ҶϲΪǸԪ˵ЩʲôǸԪ¶ϲɫ

Ҷ֣һѩ˶һȭȭͷʱᣬͷų˻ȭͷϵĺ
һĻԪǰһϲҶӵеʮҶǿԮǵʤֶһ֡
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Ҷοµļ룬ԪһռϷ硣
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ವһΪ׵Ԫ׷ȥྫҶ塢οºҶ
ҶĿҶ꣬ʵʲô£
Ҷ굱ؾ¸Ҷ壬ңҲԪһ巢ıʸҶ塣
ԭҶؾ֮󣬾ԪĹ֮Ϊ
ǺԪһĹΣգʧˣץ߹ˣǱѩˡ


742 ֮
Ϊѩץ˾鹫Ԫһͱѩһ巢˳ͻҶҲ˾ԪһͱѩһĳͻС
ҶҶ꣬ѩΪʲôҪץ߾鹫
Ҷ˵Ϊѩõ֮ӣ
֮Ҷο¶ɻĿҶꡣ
ԪһһʥΪ֮Ҷ˵֮ÿǧŽһöӣÿӵĳɻʶܵͣÿʮöӣֻɻһö
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ʱǰԪͣҶҲֻͣǰȻһƬãã޼ʵıѩƽԭľǵĵ׺ѩϣ֦ͷѾѩǡ
ѩ˽ѩأʧӰֻһ޴Ľӡ
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𣿡Ϊ׵ԪЦ
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󷽣ҶҶο˵Ԫһһţ
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һѩУȴ޶ԡ
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Ҷ忴ŰŮӣŮӺݣֿʣ亱С
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һƣһƿУƿһɫӡ
ӣѩսĿȣûȷʵ֮ӣ


743 ѩ
ѹ
֮ӣѩս˵
ٺ٣Ұѹ㣬Ļ֮ӽ𣿡ѩսЦֻѡҪô̰ѶңҪôǵĹʬ
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ѩսĿ߿عıѩˣ˵ͷǸѩ˵ѹ˳ѩϣ󻺲ҶˣΪƺӡˡ
Ҷע⵽ѩս֪ʱѾ˱ѩ޽ֻҪ춯
ȻҲһ㣬û
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Ҷȹ˱ѩˣܱѩҲӵ֮ԴȻҶĶ֣ΪҶ֮ԴǿϾѾ˵֮Դ
ͬʱҶοҲֺͱѩ˼ս
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ΣͷͻȻһƿ˾鹫ͬʱһߣ
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ԭֶԸϵˣȻǱѩ˵峤
˷ǳ⣬峤ȥԸѩһ峤Ϊʲôѩ˵峤Īǳʲôʲɣ

ʱҶ;鹫Ѿʮ
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˱˵߼ۣջûѩ׷ˣѩЦǺ󷽴СѾͷ֮ӽھķϣԲһë
ҲѩǰֶԸһ鹫Цˡ
Ϊ֮ӣ˵һΡѩЦ
鹫΢䣬ѩĳ֣Ǽ֣Ҳ޷סѩ
СѾͷ㻹ǸϿӽɣ첻ɱ䡣ѩЦ˵
֮ӾԲϣֻʮ֮һĻɻҲܰʮ֮һĻ鹫
鹫һҧ촽ٴδҶˣа취뿪ǡ
Ҷɻ󣬾鹫Īʲô֮ɣ
б԰ǰѩ֮ǰѩ˷ӡΪڶûлָ߶鹫
ҶһʵĪǱֻʦܴ߶ɣ
鹫ͷ
ҶЦŴʵʵҲʦ
鹫ϲ


744 걾Դ
СѾͷҪҵġ
Ҷ˺󷽣ѩ׷ɣһɾ˴Ӱѩ߳òһͷɫ̷ѩΧ裬Ĥݾһ
ѩ
Ҷɫأѩ֮⣬ؾڣûӵ˿µıѩԴ
鹫һҧ촽Ҷ壺֣һᣬչ
Ҷ;鹫ͬʱѷע˽ɫУɫǼ˰Χ
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ǰѩҪõ֮ӣһֻ۳ɵȭͷ֮ӡ

ѩһֹٵ֮ӣѾˣǷ۳ɵȭͷϣӵʱ飬ĩ걾Դɢ˷
鹫û𣬷ЩѩץߵԪ顣
ͬʱҶûͷų֮ؼ걾Դ̺֮Ż걾ԴҶֻʮ֮һҲ㹻Ҷˡ
Ҷ걾ԴɲǣһӢİӴƮ䣬ߵķĻһޣջһȦѩ
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˿̣ȻֻѻԴ֮ԴںˣֻսȴԶԶֹڴˡ
ʱںϱԴѽ֮Դ͹Դںϣֻ߰ѽ֮Դ걾Դںϡ֮ʱлٴرԴĴΪһ¥
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⾫ȻߣǼҲһս֮ҶһΪؾˣͻˡ
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745 ʥ۽
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󣬾Ϊ˴лҶˣҶˣҶ˽ԪʥأҶһν֮ϴĻᡣ
ԪʥأһɸߵĴţ֦ҶïգִɣҲδܺϱ
ȵ֮ӴͷųԡĺС
֮𣿡Ҷ˶𾪡
֮Ѿڴ˴֪꣬ڳ飬Źֻ֮ͨб֮϶λԵˣлõϴ񡣡鹫˵
Ҷ塢Ҷο³飬Ŀ֮ͨ
ʼʱʲôҲûиӦ
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Ҷһ˽ʥ۽ĿģȻΪ໥ɱȻȫȱʧıԴ
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ٺ٣ˣɱָܰѰҵԴ֮أΪҲ֪ؾжٱԴ֮أ֪ǵλá֮˵


746 
Ҷ屾ָ֮ȥѰұԴ֮صģ֮ȴ֪Դ֮ʲôطֻεҡҡͷѰұԴ֮ɱԴ£ÿԼ
ȻҶʵȻؾģΪʲôְһԪһ壿
ΪԪһ˶жҰԪһϴԪѾ御֮˵Ǿܲؾȥֻܿǵ컯ˡ
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Ѿõ걾ԴҪҵϴ񣬲ҿ԰ϴ񡭡֮Цǵ츳Ȼһ㣬Ҳ̫Ӧлõ걾Դ

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꣡
Ҷ˳ìһһȭ˷˵ϣǷ˵űðȥѪ
Ҷͷų֮ѷˣʱҶڶһ˿˿ٶȱԴϧڵٶȱԴࡣ
ͬʱǸҶķҲҶɱ
˴ʧɫæɢӴܣ
Ҷ塢Ҷοͬʱ׷ȥֻɱˣȴ
һٻģ˵ز˾Ҷɫ
Ҷοµͷ˵ƿշߡ
ȻǸո뿪ûãղܵ˾ʹʮɱ˻
Ѿˣ
ߣ׷Բˣ
׷ȥ
ǸոշɳȥûԶһȺ˾ʹӸ˹
λǻµˣľȻˡ
Ϊ׷ǿ˵Ҫȥ׷࣬λȵأǰץȥλ
ࣿĿһ˵ҲһȥˣֵĻҲܲ˶Զ
ְæٺҲΪ׷ǿЦ
ͷ˿ʼ׷Ҷˡ
ǰҶ˻ڼٷС
ҶĿҶ壬˵˵ѪǲޣҲ࣬ղЩ֮ԻṥǣؾΪɱǣȻ󡭡
Ҷοһۣǣ
Ѿɱ˷ˣעܺͷ廯ԹңȻϲˣ׷Źǣ


747 ˫
ʱҶһͣΪǸобԴϢ
ܿ죬Ǳһɽȣɽڣ棬ͺһԽߣԴϢԽŨǸֱ治⾿ʲôԴ
ͻȻԭڵɽȣ˲ֱú֮
⾿ʲôطҶһۣܾɡ
ʲôԴҶɻ
ɽȴ͸¶ŹŹ֣ɽ澿ʲôԴҲʵ׽͸
ĪԴɣͺүĲ²ȻҶС
ԴҶ΢Դ˿ɱ¾ԴͻԴ
ʱɽ˽
Ҷתȥ˾Ȼͷˡ
ٺ٣ҵˣ֮ǰҶĶӵķаЦ
û뵽ҪɱˣȻҶˡ
ҶҲû뵽Ȼͷһ֪ؾǷǳҪõѡ
ɱҷˣǺôĵӣΪǸǿЦ
ҶЦˣĪֻ׼ɱǲɣ
ڷҷɱǣǵңǿЦììɢҫ۵׹⡣
Ҳ̼˳ìʱ׹磬žֱ첻ͣ
ಡ
ìҶˡ
Ҷʥͼһ޴ӰӰʥͼһȻгì
˺˶һͻȻֵˣү
үѾԲڳ˵У˭ҲүĶ֡
үЦ˷ˣץ˺ɢӴܣЩٶˣʱүץࡣ
Ҷĭû뵽үȻײС
ۿ˾ҪүϣɽȶһɿֲϢɽϯ
Ҷȫתȥֻɽâһ޴ӰնڱˣΧ˲һƬڡ
ϸһͻȻӴɽɳĶȻһֻչǧɵĴ

үɫص³֡
ȻȻ˺Ǽ˹һ־岻ѡ
ؾΪδȴ׻ɱߣؾŴǿ֮Уʵǿ
˭Ҳû뵽ȻɽС
ͻȻ£ɽеˡ
үһһȭ˸˴
һ죬ȭͳײ󣬾籩ɽȡ
˼æ˹ֵһЩûֵܵס籩ˣ׹أײϡ
ȻүŵԾڸ߿ռս¡¡ײڶ
˳ûɱҶˣ˶࣬Ҷȫ·硣
ΣͷҶкȻһҲޣ֪ʥûã
˵䣬ȡʥʥϢʱؼ䡣
߿ںүֵӦʥϢһʥ
Ҷϲæ˵ʥʥ㻹ɱ˷ͻˡ
ĿһͻȻ£ͻӳ˲ٷˡ
󾪣æܣȻĳ飬ֻԪˡת˲֮䣬ΧҶ˶ϡ
Ҷ壬˵㲻һѣôʥ
ãʥ԰ʥңлõʥ𣿡Ҷ巴ʡ
ûΪʥʥ㣬ûлõʥ˵ôˣѾüǧû뿪ʥ۽ˡ
ܺáҶֻش
ȻõʥҲԵһëһɫë£ƮҶС
Ҷ˵ʲôѾƿշߣͬʱԶҵԴܲ򣬾ͿԼ컯ˡ
Դ
Ҷϲӵɵ֣καԴҪֱɱɡ
ʱүߵҶߣûĺ˺ߣֻܵõǹ죡
ҶһЦүֳʤ
Ҷο¿үľүȻܺ⣬ôؾҲһս֮
ԴҰǻץʱ֮үЦٹһ֮ͻɢȥˡ
ҶοµͷϿʼ֮Ҷ֮ëë̺ԴɱɽŨˡ
ͬʱҶҲͷų֮Χȥķ˵ʬ壬˵̺ٶȱԴɲװ˷ѵ


748 պټ
ҶëԴͷڵٶȱԴʱҶοҲɽԴ
ʱҶѾԴٶȱԴɣֶԴֱԴ侪ˡ
֮ô̵ʱڵõԴöɱԴκαԴɱԴǰû˷֮һֻɡ
ͬʱҶοȻΧ֮ǼΧ֮ȫ꣬ҲԴ
Ȼֹ˼ʱɽԴȫʧˣҶοȴûԴȻǱϾѾ֮պһлԴ
ܲԴֻʱѡ
˵뿪ɽȣǸո߳ɽȣ˷ˡ
û뵽Ǹջ࣡
һ˹ЦŷҶˣ˽
үɱ˷ˣҶȴү˵һڣ
үЦŵ˵ͷֻɱˣһڡ
Ҫɱҡսսǳ־塣
ղ˵Ǹջʲô˼Ҷʵ
Ǹմ˵˵ʱҲһࡣһ£˵ǸƺպѾץˡ
Ҷ塢Ҷο¶һպȻץˡ
˵ʲôطҶʵ
ҿԴȥ
ģֻҪϴȥ˵ʱһ㡣
˴ϲ
·˴Ҷ˸˵
ʱ֮Ҷ˵ִ˵
ؾڵ𣿡Ҷʵ
˵ͷǽպѾץء
Ҷ˰֣߰ɡ
˴ϲæתߡ
ھȥءҶ˵
Ȼ˵ȥ
ͬʱǸڰ·ԼˣҶ˵¸Լˡ
·ˣӦǲǰɱ˵ࡣһھͻȥ˵ٸ峤ôˣǸ踶ۣ

һУҶ岢֪˿Ѿء
վס
Ҷ˸ոսأͱһȺŮ
ʲôˣȻôأΪ׵ʡ
˵ġҶЦ
ˣɫ΢䣬ߵûҪҵˣذɣ
Ҷῴ˱ı仯һԽȥպԽ˵պĴ
뵽ҶЦЦĶ˵Ҫҵ˽պۿǵ˴ߵġ
˵ûоûУٲߵĻݹҲȡ
СѾͷߵĻƾ»ܸߣүЦ
һ֣Ǹϳȥ
ǣ
ŮŮǷ׷׳֡
¡
үЦһӣʮŮȫɡ
ݾ䣬ָܿƽ˵Ǿʲôˣ
˭ҪҪǣպǵѣǱߣҶЦ
ߵģŮ˵ǻ߰ɡ
û׶˵ߣǲ뿪ġҶһЦ
Ůɨүһۣߵת·
Ҷ˸ȥ
ŮӴҶ˽һƬ֣ҶĿһͻȻоЩԾ
Դ
ͻȻҶ巢ΧȻԴ󣬾үɲǣΧĵϷӿ֣ķģɲ֮ΧסҶˡ
ǸˣѾʧӰ٣
ߣүһһȭУķӿ
ȻүĹ޼£Դûбƽ⡣
Դ˷ǳϰٸԴ󻷻ۣҶɫء
ѵҲû취ƿԴ𣿡οʵ
ҶĿο£ֻܾԿ
ͬʱ磬Ǹ˿ķģøϿȥ峤һƵԴ峤Ĵ¾ͻᱻƻˡֻ޵ʵ峤Ҳ֪סá
첽ûãһˮɵĹ
ڵһһŮԡԡԡơ
Ůޣò˿ھ鹫ұȾ鹫˼ֳζ
峤ң˵ԡ洫롣
ԡŮȻ峤


749 ƻ
ߵԡԱߣĶ峤˵峤չӵˣ
ѡ峤һʵʲôط
Ѿסˡ˻ش
ʱҪǷųҳ֮ٷǳ峤˵
峤Ǹ࣬Ĳ𣿡Ůԥһ£ʵ
Ѿ˵ҳ֮ˣһ峤˵
˽΢
µġϾǵһңȴûзӡ峤˵ţҳ֮󣬾Բᷢʲôġ
峤Ը⡭ʱҪ𣿡˵ҪĻھȥɼҩ㡣
ȥɣҪҵ̫á峤˵
˵ͷȥ
峤ô꣬˲ңҾԲܷŹλᡭ
ͬʱԴеҶˣȻ취ƽԴ
Դȹ̣ǿүȫһҲ޷ƿԴ˸޷ǿƿԴԣܲƽԴջÿҶ塣
ҶͷųģƽԴ
һʱ֮Ҷƽ˼Դ󣬾⼸Դ󶼲ҪԴ󣬵Ͼ˸õĿͷ

Ҷʱ򣬷ͻѾǸȥ˵
СӦû˵һǿ˵
뿪ؾı𣿡һǿʵ
ݺܸߣ׼ǿߣʱ뿪ؾıﲢ֡˵ˣȻǺĬ壡
ǵȻñ뿪ؾԼȴ޷뿪ܵõ˵ı˵Ҳл߳ؾһ˼
Ҷϵı㹻ϵ뿪ؾī˵ʱ򣬷ͻл뿪
ٺ٣ԲСˣͻ˶Ц
Ĭ崫ī˵ͻΧҶ壬Ҷɣ
ܰǳҶ壬Ҳ뷽跨ȡǵΡī
һΣҿĬߡ

ͬʱѩҲ˵֮ȥ˵ΪҶ壬Ϊ峤
ѩΪ׵ˣѩ
û뵽ȻҵˡѩаЦҺģһָ϶ұҾԲɹ

һУҶ岢ҵѾƽ˽ʮ֮һԴ󣬿Ȼû취οµ˳ȥ
ͬʱѾŵƽʣַǷΪ峤Ĵ֮ա
峤ŮĴӵ£һ䷿䣬иӣӾȻպ
պ峤Ц˵Ϸ𣿡
ǳɻ֮һߵġ峤Ц˵
պĿһֺαǿѡ
峤Цʡ
ÿ˶պҲ⡣պһЦ
Ѿ˵Ļ߳ɡ峤˵
պĬˡ
֮壬贿֮ҲȲѡ峤̾
֮壬Ҫ˹պ˵
ǣȴҸûа취ˡ峤ͻȻסպ֣˵֮⣬κҶᱻ
պٴγĬˡ
ģѾȫ׼Բµġ峤˵
պ̧ͷ峤Ц˵ģһᾡΪġ
峤ϲӦˣ
պͷ
峤ϲѾ׼ˣϾͿԳɻ飡
պԥһ£˵᲻̫ˣ
ᣡ峤ѾȲ
պ۽ǳ鴤һ£ôǵһαŮ˱ƻ顣
Ҫһ֤ˡպͻȻ˵
֤ǡ峤ȻһЦ
Ҫһ顣պ˵
࡭峤һ˳Ĭ
պ˵ұϾǸ࣬ûΪ飬δЩס
峤̧ͷպҪ㻹Ҫ𣿡
պƬ̺ҡҡͷ
ãھȥһ࣡峤ת뿪˷䡣
峤뿪պҡͷЦ֮û˵Լĺӵ֮Ů˽ϣϵԪԻᱻʳһգ󼴱ܱסһΪҲʧ
⻹Ϊӵд֮ʳѰͨˣ»ֱɥ
ԣŲԸӦ峤֮Ҫһ֤ˣʵΪʱѡ
ϵһʱϲһ峤һġ


750 ֤
Ҷ屾ƽ󷨣һЦȻ⴫Ϊպ𣿡
˭Ҷüͷ΢塣
أȻ֪˭Цˡ
峤οͻȻڡ
µûȷʵ峤峤Цô֤պѣ
ΪʲôҪ֤ҶЦˡ
չǵĹѣȻҲǵѡ峤Ц˵ǲչӵѣǵ˵ĻȻҲҪ˳չǡ
ǲʦֵѣȥһʦֲ𣿡ο˵
ʲΪڱչأҲΪСȥ峤˵
ףʦֱչس֮ǲǲʦֵѣʦֹһ֪ˡҶЦ
ǵһھ͸ߣչӱչسȷѷǵٰ֮˷ųȻٸǸǾΣ峤Цʵ
Ҷһۣʣ峤ԲүȥģôȥˣֻҶˣǣ˭ұ֤峤ͻȻ֣
ү֮⣬Ҷ˶峤Ķ֡
ǷģԸǵĻòô鷳峤˵
Ҷ崫ˣȥ
οºҶ걾뷴ԣҶͻȻִȻĶ֣߻⡣
ѾʮֱԴֻ֮ԴͻԴںϣǣյıԴϾʮֻ֣ЩѾںΣεҲκβ
ԣŸ˵峤ʱߡ
Ҷ岻οºҶ˵ͻȻķУܿʧ˷С
峤߶Ҷ˳˳ҶһͿһˣ˵Ҳ֪Ůض峤ɡ
峤ҶϢǿһЦ˵ھȥչӱչ֮ò˶ͻˡȴ·
ܿ죬峤ʹҶһ
Ҷһ빬͸о˲ԾΪŵƽʣʲôϲһ
峤תҶ壬ЦչϾͻ֮ǰίһ¡˵ţͻȻ֣˦һɫޣҶ塣
Ҷ弱ˣ
峤֮ɫ漴Цһһ޻˼ȦҶ
Ҷ屾֮ѳɣ峤ͻȻ˵ģֻҺչӵ֤˶ѡ
ԣҶһû뵽峤ȻҪպס
ǳ֮Ҿͻߣ֮ǰ뵱ǵ֤ˡ峤Ц
ҶĿ˸¾ûô򵥣պȢ峤峤αǿԼǵ֤ˣ
峤׼ˡ
һŮǰ峤˵
峤Ҷ壬Цɡ
ҶЦá

ûãҶͶ˶˹ϷϣΪ֤ˡ
պ峤绺˴֤˾ȻҶ壬պһ
峤ĿպЦ˵Ҹҵ֤ˣ㻹𣿡
պǿЦһ⣡
ﴫҶ壺Ҷʦܣô
Ҷ嵱ľ
ҶĻպαץص¸Ҷ塣
ԭؾ֮˵ӷоˡΪϱϧþ
һΣ䴳峤Ĺ峤ûмպԶպ֡
պΪԼɵʱ峤ȴͻȻͣˣҶ˵Ҫ޸
Ҷһ峤Ҳ̫˰ɡ
պ˵ԭ峤Ϊѩ͵Ϯʷ䣬֮塣֮壬ʵǺݱġ
ΪĹرһؼʱ̱͵Ϯ֮ǡ
峤걻ѩ͵Ϯ֮ҲȻסȴ˱仯
ֻдָ֮
պĻҶѾ֪Ĺˡ
һ峤պϵԪ֮պΣˡ
ȳףиʱڶֶԸҶ崫
ãպ
£պԹԵĸ峤ˡ
峤պ޹ҶϢԴ«УǱ޹峤ķӡκβҶ塣
޹ڣ峤պ·ԡУ׿պЦ㻹
ֻǸˣ¾Ͳܾ
պȻҲǸˣɲԼЦ
Ѿף㻹˼ʲô峤ȻһЦ


751 ٱԴ
պΪѵʱҶ֪ӺδĶУʦ֣ҶֶԸû뿪
ô죿峤ΪͬСɣߣ㲻Ķ֡պ
ģа취Ҷ崫
պ˵ʲôǰԡϷͻȻƾոֳģһ««ͻȻѹԡ峤
͵ҧպתӳ޹
ߣ
峤һˮ棬ˮ𶯣ˮ簵ڶԴ«
ˮڱ«ϺƵײ«ֱӱײ÷
ס«֮峤һ٣ԡرߵ·ǱεĴץһ峤
ʱҶӱ«˳ͷų֮ס峤·峤·˲ͱɵˡ
峤ЦˮҶ壬ˮˮУնɱҶ塣
Ҷֶ˱«棬ˮ˱«֮ϣ쳹𻨷ɽ
ʲô峤һоҶı«ֻƷѣȴȻܵĹʵɻ
ವһ«ײ峤
峤ˮ棬«Ҳˮ档
ˮ£͸«ҶƼ峤˫ȾȻʧˣȡ֮βͣ峤ûд·ޱĳҶǰŪҶһȡ
ܿҶͻָ߶«ײ峤ϧ峤ٶʵ̫ˣ«޷峤
峤Ȼʱ˷ҶϣˮȥȻҪȥ׷պ
ȥ
Ҷһҧӱ«˳ͷų֮ʱˮأ峤ҲС
ʱ峤Ϊ½Բ
ʮ峤΢䡣
˵Ķҿˣ㲻Ӧü޸ʦ֣Ӧü޸ҲŶԣҶЦȻȢ峤뼤ŭ峤һЩʱ䡣
Ȼ峤ΪһߵֵŻ֮һ߳ˮȥ
Ҷʥͼʥͼһ⣬䵽峤ǰ漴ͻȻչգס峤ȥ·
ҶȻּһ˵ĵ峤һݾԲͣ
ʵа취ʡҶЦʵҲûףҲ֪ɵ־ܲܰ峤
ߣΪһĻ𣿡峤ߡ
ŵĻԿ
Ҷһ֣һ֮Уһźɫһ֮峤
峤ٿˮֵ֮ˮȴȫ֮ˡٿصˮڵ֮ȴ׵ľͱˣһ
ô𣿡ҶЦ
峤һǾʲôȻڵ֮գ
ҶһЦʲôҪҪܰڵ֮
峤ĬƬ̣ͻȻһӣ֮ӿҶ塣Ҷͷų֮֮
һĻ峤ٻ֮ЦҪʲô
Ҷһ峤壬Ц˵㻹Ҽ·ɡ
峤ҲںҶĿ⣬ЦЦҵ·Ѿˡ
ҶһԼ·峤峤ϣǼջ
ְɡ峤˵
Ҷ嵱ͷų֮峤ڣ峤ȻЦݣȴǳ裬ɲҶϡ
о֮û˵ԼֻǰԼڵӡ֮ˣ΢΢˿
Ҷʱ֮ʱȴоһɱԴ֮Լˡ
峤ҲоԼڵıԴ֮Ҷһ֣ɫ΢΢һ䣬ָƽʲôҲû˵
ҶȻʣʲôԴ
ٱԴ峤û˵Сǲǹģ
ҶڨڨһЦҿûıԴ
ıˡ峤һЦ
ҶЦЦû˵ʲôֱˣռײռ
Ҷ峤֮ʱպȴ鷳ǿǽסȥ·
үҪȥΪŮЦЦĿպ
峤ȥǼˣǶҵѡպЦ
С¾ͲͷүˣҷԸȥˡΪŮӵԸһ¡
պһǰ˿ĴϣΪԲ峤ĸ֣ǴŮĶ֡
ү峤Ĵϲ֮գ㻹ǻȥ峤ɡЦ


752 Χ
ȥ峤պпЦ峤ȴá
ת룺ƾ峤Ϊ峤ĻԼܳǣ峤ôһ˳峤Ͳ͵͵𣿡
ڴʸ׵ʱһѪŮĵ˽˵ϣˣѩ˹ˡ
δ˵ͻ赹˵ϡ
һܿͻָƽϷԸߵ˰ѻ赹ŮȥˣԸȥ֪ͨ峤ȻԼ˳˳ȥ
պʱûˡ
պ뿪οµ˱֮ء
¡¡
ͻȻ쳹أǧѩֱֳѩ޽ɱء
Ƿ׷׳ֵֵͱѩ˼ս
ѩսǿҲǳصģѩ˵ĹƱ
ͻȻһѹ٣˶оҪϢһ
ѩˣֻѩӱѩ˺󷽴߳һǣѩ۳ѩ򣬴ʯ¡
ϷɵǰԴһˮ糤ѩ
ѩˮײ𶯣¡¡쳹
ٹ꣬Ϊֻ¾׷峤ˡѩЦͷųѩ۳ɾ޽һն˴ϡ
ɫأٿˮ۳ɶƣǰ
һ죬ѩ޽ڶϣ˲䱻һѩ޽ն˶ƣ˴ϡ
ϲ֪ʱѾŽס˱ѩ޽ȴʮɣɫü԰ס
ٺ٣峤ûгǸ˰ɣѩЦˮȥ
ȥǿ߷׷׷˹ȥ
ѩǿҲˡ
ѩ赲ĳˮȥ峤г𣬴˿ɱ峤ĴûᣬŹ
ˮڣ˿Ҷ廹ڰ峤֮ǲ֪ⷢ¡
䣡
ˮͻȻǱʲôһ
峤Ҷ嶼һ
˪ˮ֮أѩĿЦˮ
һȻˣ峤ɫһ
ѩҶҲѩ
䣡ˮһҵ𶯡
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峤ҧҪ೤ʱ䣿
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767 
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ȥҲô˵ӣǱŵĴʥʾ
СӣĪΪΪҾͲҶ㲻ɣŴʥЦͻȻ֣һָհȥҲȥҲʱеһɿֲѹӭϮ
Ҷ۵˱Ҫ֣ؼͻȻһ֮ȥҲǰշһƾճ֣һӣ㻯ǱŴʥĹ
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ҲǱŵĴʥϳ˺ˣ˾ȻȥҲĸף
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۱źޱڣǾ޸ս˺ˣͷоһɼѹȸУⶼҲġ
ϣǱΪ׵ĴʥЦһҲҪұ𣿡
ҲʲôҲû˵ֻһ
ǱŵĴʥɫѿĪΪƾһ֮ܺ͡
Ļδ˵꣬ҲϢȻǣȻԽ˴ʥڰնֱ˴ʥ۷壡ֲʥϯԲǧ˴
ʥʥ۷壡
ڳдʥһҲȻͻˡ
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ڣǱţޱڣûдʥڰնǿߣûдʥ۷ǿߣ֣ԲҲĶ֡
ңҶ۵˻һԻĺҲֵĻ˭ұ֤Ҷ۵˲֣
˿̣źޱȫ˱
ؾˣֻǼɹͻƵСֵûɣ˾ԲɱĶ֣Ǽס⼸СӵݣԺһץסǱǣòŸҲַ
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ŵʥվʱ뿪պŻԸҶˡ
֮Ϊ׵ıŴʥЦһҲպұŶҪֽֽĸУ˵ţʥͬʱתɻ˱߶ƿշߡ
ŵˣޱڵʥҲһۣҲµȥˡ
ܿ죬ֳֻʣֻˡ
ɱĬǵˣֻȥҲպҶꡭҶ壬Լؾˡ
޸ս˵ĳϴ̸
ҲҶǶڣʱ˸ǷԺеǻ࣡
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ֹǾ޸սˣȨ֮Ҳʱ뿪
ת֮䣬ɵ˷׷ȥֻʣҶҶ۵ˡ
ΣʱˣҶȴ֪ԺԼԼҶ˱ضһ鷳ǱţǾ޸ս˵Բʹ˷Źǡ
ȻȥҲʱǰȫģҲѾͻƵ˴ʥ۷壬׼۳֣˭ҶֻԼֻʮ׼һѡ
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Ҷ۵ħ˻ԺܳԾʲôʱҶȻħֵܣ
磬֪ͺûУҶЦ
ħҡҡͷ߻ûлӦÿˡ
Ҷ۵˸ӳԾԭҶ岻ֹħֵܣߴʥȻҲֵܡ
豾ҶΪͽģͻȻıע⣬Ҷ嶼ѾǿߣֱҶ嵣ʦѧһϣã
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ͬʱǿĳҲȥҲһʯϡ
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׼۵ֶΣҲ˵Ҳҡҡͷ˵źޱĲ鵽ʲôΪǿԳְһΣˣֻҪزۣضǰ;

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ȻΣգǵǾԲµģҶҧź촽˵ȻԼҲЩȷҶ۵˾ûгˡ
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Ǽɢ޽
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773 Ѫ
˰ɢץһУҶ弸˲ûиź˽붴Ϊ´ݾߡ
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ǾͳɷѾ¶ҪȥĪɳ˭Ҳܸı䡣
ҲҶ尵ϲкɷ·϶ҵһ֮ء

ڶ죬ɷȻ뿪˶Ҷ߶Դ«ȥ
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Ϊ־壬ԽȴԽ

磬һͻȻӹײ洫ĻΪΣΪΣΪΣΪΣľ壬Ȩƣ尮ޣֻҪĻľ壬⣬ٺ٣ÿĻľֵκһ֣ᷢһɱ䣬̶׽ٽ٣֪һ׽٣
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ȻҶ˵Ĵ׽٣
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һ̣һͻȻһΪҶȻ׽٣Ҳ˵Ҷ忴Ļ󣬷򲻿׽١
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ܿ죬һ˷ܵ·ˣҶȻ˵׽٣
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ʱ׽پȻȻ٣һûԤ뵽ᷢ
ΣΣ֮ɱͨߵľѪЧöˣɹ׽٣֮ĳ̶ȾԲСһѡ
ڣ׵罥ɢȥʱѪɫѿˣ¶Ҷ塣
˿̵Ҷ壬ϢȻڳ˯Уһš
˼飬ʩչԴ׽٣˵ֱ׽٣һǳԾ
ͻȻҶ建˫ĿоէһɼǿϢͷų
һЦӹײ洫ãܺãһĴˣ


781 Ӷᣡ
лǰҶ幧һԲܿ⡣
ٺ٣㲻лңҰɲΪ㣬ΪԼһаЦѪɫײ˲ѪߣסҶ塣
ҶΪѾܽӽԲȻû˿֮˲㱻Ʒˡ
ҶͫһѪ뷴ȴԼ޷
ˣ׼ۣҲѲЩѪߣһЦ
Ҷ̧ͷѪɫײģ˫Ŀʵ㾿˭
ҲǸֹһһЦ
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һΪʲôԸ㣬ǰɣ
ҶĬĬһ˵
ΪһҲҪΪɽ٣ڵİ֮һЦڵİ֮ӵĻȥհ֮
ҶĿһΪҵİ֮ԲŰҵģ
ٺ٣Сӣ㲻˽ţһЦ֪ŵ淨ʲôһЦ໥Ӷᣬ໥ɱ
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ÿֵˣԳΪŵˡÿŵˣӶ˵İ֮ȻǰҴµģҵĵӣΪû취ҵİ֮ġһЦһмԲһȫ㣡
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ִ䣬ɱһⲻòҶ廳ɣԼĴ󽣵ǲǳʲô⡣
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ʱһѾӵѪ֮⡣
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ֹ˰ʱ쾵ںʦѧҲ׷̣˴ʥǣȥ˻ϡ
ǰҶѾʵִ˴ʥǵˣҶ˸ϵʥǵʱʮѾڴʥǿУ飬죡
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Ҷ岻ţħ˻Ϊ޼½;ʥ޼½ħҪô


783 
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Ҷɹߴ׽ٺʵܸӦΧĵˡ
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ʱ򣬼㲻Լһ֣˵޼½ķӡҲᱻƽˡ
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ǡսĵһҼǵսһнֺ֣ϳҶ塣
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һ˽ԾʥȪ˵ʥȪܸı˵츳


784 ʩѹ
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ÿˣ˭ˣҲǰ޼½ȥڰЦ
һ룬޼½ʥȪڰԲǿơ
Ϊ˵õʥȪ˶ԲưոݣԻħĵף


785 ׷ɱ
ҶûϵڰȻǿƣ޼½ʲô֮ħΪʲôΪôʥ
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ߣڰƾǸס޼½
ޱڵĴʥЦͻȻ֣滯һǧУնɱ˺ڰ棡
ڰһӣڹ磬һڰУ̻ޡ
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дʥˣ˲һɫĿռѷӵǧ֮⣬ֲĩһ
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СʯһץסҶ壬תƿնߡ
ħĴʥ׷ȥºʵǿһʱҲ޷ѻī޷ȥӪҶ塣Ҷ۵ˣѾԹ˲Ͼ޷Ҷ塣

СʯҶֻش½Ǻ󷽣ħİʥ
Сʯܲģ㻹ǸϿҶ彻ɣһħĴʥЦ
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ߣ
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ϰߣħСʯһ
СʯһҧɳۣһʧԶãã޼ʵǿС
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ٺ٣ôˣڰ׷
Сʯ֪ܺͰնʥ⣬Ժڰ棬ȴû˿ʤ㣬ڰϱĴʥǿ
֪ԼǺڰĶ֣СʯҲԲʹ䣬Цһֽɱ˺ڰ档
¡
ڰԴڰ֮УնһУննŤ顣
Сʯȫֵûϱ㵽˺ۣѪ
ⳡսעǳңСʯѾȫ֣ȻǺڰĶ֡
ڣҶȭͷԼΪʲôôСԼǿһЩĻͲ˱ˡ

СʯˣŴڰӡһӡ
ѽϷʹЩڰЦ
СʯһҧԽڵҶ˵ʦܣʯ㣬Բ£Ϊʯڹ֮ģסǧҪ֮أ
˵䣬Сʯתѽֱ˹֮档
ãڰ󾪣˹֮ء
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һֱ·ԶҲ޷ͣһգҶֱӻ˹ȥʧȥ֪
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792 ʥ
Ҷ屻֮صʱֻش½ϣֻصˡīº˾Ȼˣ֮⣬ֻص˵Ҳȫˡ
ֻش½룬ǸǧɳǹڴϣǿϢֻش½ķӡȻˣ
ԭҶ뿪ֻش½֮󣬹ºӰѵ۱ķӡ⿪ˣ۱סֻصˡͬʱºӻ˻īīȻ׼ۣȴʩչط֮ĹºӵĶ֡
ֻصˣ޷ʩչطԸκβ˵۱ֻߡ
īºӻ֮󣬺ͺڰ˻ϣڰҶ֮ص¸˻ī
īħǧ֮ء
֮ء
ī棬룬ֱ޷룬īҲûҵҶ壬ֻ֮˳֮ء
ϧˣ֮غΪɡī̾
磬ڸô죿һħʥʵ
Ȼħ½ػ޼½Բ˽ȥī˵

ʥǡ
ħʥԼСʯڴʥǣħѾСʯĶ֪ľ
ھȥ֮أħɫ
˵ͷ˹֮ء
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ҸӦҵĽˣСʯɫص˵
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ӣ
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ͬǸʥ۷ħ峤֮⣬ʥȫˡ


793 սԴ
ħʮʥæԴ󣬲ĹµʱԴȴֽһ˲ħǾ𶯣ϵħ˱˲١
ӷˣǿߣ
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еĹӱɨǿգ;֮ǿ˺ѣʮħæֵֵʮҲûֵܵסǵȫ٣ֻԪɢˡ
һʥǺɱģȻ羡ȫ׷ɱĻɱħʮʥҲ¡
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Ҳɻ֮סˣ
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ֳֻƽʳ˻ī˫Żƽ˻ī嶷ţ
īˣħһľƷħսꪣ

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֪ʥֻش½Ϊ£ҶЦ
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ͻȻǸ˳ǹ˻ƽֵס˻ƽײ𻨡
ǹһСɶǹȥ
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۱
Ҷ۵Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ϾȻе۱
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սԴѹذˣǾƺҪ˺һ
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Žɫ׭ͫһ׭д֣Ƿԣ
Բǣŷ׭˰ӡ޷ؼա
ĺ磬ɲǰĺˣŷ׭δס磡


794 Ħ
Ȼ·ˣŷ׭ͻȻ飬ͷųɽ⡣
ɢȥ֮һ֪ɸߵĽɫȻǰõģˣͷųϢҲѾֲ
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ɽѣʥһźˣʵ֪λ
СʯͻȻ˵常㻹ǵ𣿡
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ֻƶϳҶˣֻ쾵ǧҹ


ʮ 


795 Ź֮
Ǻܿ쾵ڣδѯǧҹҶ䣬ǧҹµĿģֻҡҡͷҲݲҶСֵܾʲôط
ʥ˵ɫȥǧҹݲҶ䣬˭

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Ҷʯгɨܣľѣʲôط
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Ҷ弱æܣͻȻһЦǸļ٣Ҷ󾱣Էʵ̫죬Ҷûлܡ
Ҷ̵֮ߵɲǣоƺû˺Ԫ֮ڡ
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ΪˣȫǴʥ
⾿ʲôطҶľƼôһҲδ̫˼ˡ
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ʱսһϵĳǳǰͣ

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ˡųڴ˼ٵųڷɳƽս׵ˣЩ˸ֻ۾ÿ϶ŹԴ
ˣ
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츳˵ãԲܰˣ
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ҶĵʥЩɫ˿Ҳǵֻ֮ǲ֪ӵеľʲô֣ȻԿߡ
ܵҲˣͻȻЦ
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796 

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ΪʲôѪôǳأҶü
ΪѪҲǰ֪ģ֪ܵʱѾˣѾúѪԴ󣡡Ȼ
Ѫ󣡡ҶһѪĹģ֮󣬿¾ʮֻش½ҲȲϣȻѪ
Ϊƻļƻ£ʦԺԺսˣˡ˵ϧȻˣҪƻļƻȻѣ
ʦԺԺ
Ҷ𾪣ȻҲʦԺ;Ժ޼½ʦԺ;Ժʲôϵ
Ҷɻʱ˽˵һļƻɹˣѪɱһѪ̥ʱֿͳһ۷徳ǿߣ
۷壡
Ҷ𾪣Ѿ޷۷ʲôľǿߣһ׼۶ѣѾǿ̶ֳȣοǴ۷壿
ĵӣѾͻˣѪ̥ضͻƣ硣
ӣҶ循ɡ
壬ÿ嶼ӣһȫѾ峤ˣĴӣݺ֮лΪ峤˵
ӣųƳһ츳ǿˣԣΣҲҪֹõѪ̥˽˵ɫǳء
үҲҶ壺ǰҿһЩ伮ֻն˲ܳΪۣ֮⣬Ҫǿ֮
նҶ崫ʵûǿ޷ն𣿡
ʥҪնɱҪնɱϵնɱ֮ǰԼľޣǵնϲ⵽֮ķɡүǸӼҪͻ۷ˣ˵ڣӦѾն
˶٣ү˵նϵǴ۷壬˾֮
׼Ҳ㲻ʲôǿߡҶһ
壬һ嶼мӣȴڵ֮⣬඼ѾǴ۾ɴ˿ɼǿ
Ҫ֪ɻʵ˸ղ˵¡Ժս˺ˡ
ʱ䣬Ѫ̥ʱҪˣҪƻѪļƻֻѾܡ˵ĴѾѪ󸽽һѪ̥Ǳ֡
˵ʱħĴҲԲԹۡ
ħ壡ҶһħҲֻǲ֪⼸֮У˭ǿһЩ
ˣҶʵǸǿһЩ
һ㶣û뵽ҶȻⶼ֪ǺĻشȻ壡
壿Ī塢ħ嶼ĶֲɣҶü
塢塢ڰ塢塢壬ÿ嶼ǳǿֵĻûǸʵ֮⡣ҡͷ
ԺʦԺ嵱бȽǿ𣿡Ҷʡ
˵ͷԺʦԺͷ֮е᲻ǿ
Ҷ룬ͷӦսˡ˺£
ξԺʦԺ˱ضҲֵĻǿҲδܱסѪ̥˵


797 Ѫ̥
Ѫ̥ʲôʱŻҶȺʵ
δü˵ѪѪӿȪˮһ
ʲôˣҶ循ɡ
͵һѪ̥Ҫˣǿ뿪Ѫ󣡡˵ѾԾͼߡ
ȻѾˣѪͻȻһͻȻճȭͷһҶ˶סˣֹǣвûüߣҲС
ʥЩǿߣѾ֪֪Ѫ̥ʱ䣬Ƕɹ˳ȥ
ѪҶڵĿռԽԽС
Զ˲ҽһ˱Ѫѹס˲ͱ촷ۣѪ̥һ֡
ҽ˷кܶ˶ѪѹԲҲֵס
ΧĿռԽԽСֻ뿿£ǰʱ֮кܶ˱ѹˡ
ΣͷҶͷų֮ѹѪһ֮ͱˣҲҼҶ塣
ת֮䣬Ҷ֮⣬ȫ˶Ѫ̥£Ѫ̥֮ڣֻʣҶڵĿռ䡣
磬ѪѾһŻԪһ򣬾޴ޱȡ
䣡
Ťһֻ֮۳ɵĴץѪ̥˳ˣ
ֵֻǰѪ̥ʱ÷ǳСһɳԽ׼۵Ϣӹɢ˳ļ¡
һǿҲ֮Ťӿȭͷһȭ˹֣ȻֵӦʦԺĴۣ
䣡
ȭཻշ飬ǳڲ
ƾһ˴Ѫ̥ʦԺǿߵ֪Ӻδص񷣬
ٺ٣ټϱأ
һźͻȻѪ̥Զ糱Ѫ̥
ͬʱ֣ҲϢѪ̥
Ц쳹ǿգŤӿ˹ֵס˺ڰ֮
֮ˣȻǾԺɣΪֻоԺ˲ӵʮ
ڹֵסڰ֮ɲǣѪ̥ͻȻԶǿȥٶ֮죬ѾԶԶԽ׼ۣȫۡ
ߣߣߵõ𣿡
ǿĳͻȻһɫӰȫţ˸ò
һ֣ΧԪ㼫߶ŨվȻ˿ޱȵĽɫʯ飬Ѫ̥Χ

Ѫֱ̥ײȻ޷ײЩɫʯ顣
Ѫ̥ڣҶҲڷ֮ͷת򣬼ȥˡ
ʱүҶԺУѪ̥ոγɣȫûԼʶȻд۾ȴû취ȫӳ۵һʶʼγɣͻ÷ǳˣ
˼ǡҶɫ΢䡣
ҵѪ̥ڣ̵꣬Ѫ̥ռΪУү˵
Ҷ幻侲Ҳү󵨵뷨𾪵ˣܳɹƱػһ۾ķ
סҶ弱æʵôҵʲôط
֪취֮⣬벻취ˡү˵
ԣҶ岻ٳɣͷų֮ʼĴһˣϻһطɵ֣֮Ѫ̥赲
磬Ѫֱ̥ײͼӳȥȴûгɹȻʱһɫͻȻΧסѪ̥Ľɫʯҵ÷顣
⴮ɫʵ̫󣬴ÿ԰ֻش½Χÿ鶼һ̫һӲӣҫ֮
Ѫ̥һˡ
ǸɫӰһϺУ˱ģ
ɫӰͻȻת׷Ѫ̥ȥ
ͬʱѪ̥ڣҶѾ˺ܾãҵѪ̥֮
Ѫ̥֮ǸĿռ䣬ռƯһ͸򣬹иӤһС顣
һѪɫ˿Ѫɫ˿ѪһϸȥܿѪҺ䶯
ҶһġӤ˫ۣб˾׹⣡
ǿɷҶһݣѪɱɵĹ
ͻȻǡӤӤ޵Ѫɫߣ⣬Ҷ壡
һͨ߸޷ܿ
ҶܿˣҶٶ֮죬˵ǴʥµһʥնɱٶȻܿ죬ҶȻ޷ȡ
ƼҶȻܿԼıɱһǡӤϾȻ¶˷ŭ֮ɫٴѪɫߣҶ塣
Ҷʩչ㣬ѪɫƲ˷Ѫ֮ϡ


798 ½
ǸӤȻûܻҶ壬ӷŭﲻϷĹХԽѸһʱ䣬ռڼѪɫߡ
Ҷͷų֮ͻǻѪɫߵְ֮ѪɫʣȫˣûҶ˺
Ӥûע⵽ҶѾԽԽˣ
ˢ
ҶͻȻ󽣣ʩչֽնɱӤ
ӤһѪѪ۳ɾŵӭȥַײʱıը쳹
һȫ־ĻжǿҶľڷӳ۷壬Ӥʶȫˣֻµƾ֮ɱͨʥ
ͻȻӤѪɫնɱҶ塣
Ҷͷų֮ѪɫϷ֮ͬʱϯӤ
ӤڵֵססĹͻȻ飡
Ҷϴ߶֮ʼӤӤտʼĲϾڱҶ̫üҲ޷
һʱʱ
ۿҶҪѡӤȫˣӤͻȻƴȫ³һѪԼѪɲ֮絰ǵһĤҶ֮ȻҲ޷ɡ
Ҷɫ䣬ȫɵѪ̥꣬޷ȫƿסѪ̥
ٴοʼԡ
ȻȻûгɹסѪ̥ǲʵ̫ˡ
ֻȰӡˣԺҵҶԴѪ̥ӡ
ںϸղյ֮
ľǰδеıһͷһƣԭٴδ׽٣
ʥ۽ʱѾ⣬׽ٲ֡
¡
׽ٽ٣ϴ

ֱӶɹµ׽٣һ׽֮תĽֵ֮õ
Բʵ֮ǰǿ
׽֮Ҷ忪ʼԿѪֻ̥ˡӤһѾԿѪ̥ˡ
䣡
Ѫ̥ȫҶڡ
ҶһȭǰһǳǳȻըʯ׷ɡ
ֻ´ʥҲˣҶϲѣסѪ̥ʵѾԱϾʥ
ܰӤ֮ȫĻʥ֮£ûκĶ֣
ҸȫĵطʱүˣҶɨܣԶһ½ֱ֮ƿնС
ûնٶѾԱϾʥ
ܿ죬Ҷ˴½ϡ
½ֻش½ҪϼҲһܴĴ½ˡ
Ҷ洦˸ѨȻԴ󣬽ʥͼУʼͨŵ߹ء
Ҷ崳صʱ峤ѾѪ̥ʧǿոЩǿߣѾڵĴ½
ͬʱʦԺԺսˡ¡˵ҲͬѪ̥䣬ϾѪ̥̫ˣһۡ
һ۾ǿߣ۶ĸǼġ
ǣѪ̥ܰ۾ǿͻС磬նʹѪ̥Եøˡ
ԣ˶õѪ̥ȻҲħ壬Ҳĳǿǿ

ЩҶ岢֪˿ȫأͬʱڶѨԶгһȺˣȺȫŽһϮ£ʵ˾ȻҲԲ
󲿷֣
ΪǸ信꣬ѾԲ
ʦ֣½ϵɢޣӦѾ඼ǲ˰ɣѾת˺üתˣһӰҲûС
ǰʦ֣طӦûˡ
ߣ
ΪЦε£¹ҽڵ˥Բܷκ⣡
ʦ֣ΪʲôҪԸǰɢޣԼǲͳ½
ǰʦ֣Ϊʲô
Щ²Ǹʵģ֪ʱ֪ģ
ԣЩڵĵӲٶʲô
ʦ֣㿴ǰʲôͻȻһڵӿǰ
ལڵҲ˹ȥֻǰޱĻ壬
ĺܿ˸ں϶ߡ
Դ󣡡Ϊ˹ȥĽ˳ȥ
һӿֱӰ˼еĽ˲ϲš
ӷ׷𾪣ǿԴ
ǿԴһɹߴ׽ٵõģ
һ֣
ΪЦٴγ֣Ҳ׷׳֡
һȫˣЩֱӱˡ


799 
⾿˭õԴ󣿡ڵ˾㤡
ĪǲԴǴʥɣ
ǴʥĻǱϰϢȥڵĳ£
ڵ˵ڵĴʥϡ
һյʱԺһƾճЩڵĵǰڣʲôˣ
ڵĵǵѸղŷ¸˰ߣǵĻ̧ͷǰ۾˵ֶƲԴ󣬵пһʥµġ
˵ǰȥγĽǰնȥ֮ʱ˸ڷĵĽɱ֮£˲㻯촷ۡ
ڵĵ𾪲ѡ
˼ȴЦٴμնǰԴڰԴˣһɽȻ¶ǰ
ߺͽڵĵ½ɽУɽ䣬ʥͼƯɽУ˿Ҷʥͼڡ
ڵǲһ㶡
Ʒ΢΢ɫ䣬дʥµԴͼҲֻƷ
˵ͷųʶɨʥͼʥͼҲҶ岼Դ󣬶Դķ֮绹Ҫǿ߲ȫʥͼһʱ޷ƿԴ
ûȥ翴˵ǼƷֻڱӡˣʥͼŽڵĵƿշߡ
һߺͽڵĵһǳУǳһʯ̳ɵľ޽ߴǧɡ
Χž޽Ⱥǳء
ߴʥͼ˽ڸܿһ䷿ǰ棬Ц磬õ˵㶫϶Ȥġ
洫ʲô
ƿ˽ȥиϣԱŮźš
ϵˣǸԼʮͷˣƲСӣӡ
һƼ߽˱ܲͷ˵ûµĻҪң˵ʲô£
ߺٺһЦʥͼȡ˳
ʥͼһۣͻȻͣȵƷǾƷȻоƷƷʣȴǾƷ
˵䣬һ٣ʥͼɵУͬʱ˰֣ʾŮȥŮʩ˸ȥ
磬˵ºöɣߺٺЦ
˸ûߣͷϸĴʥͼ첢ȱݣȱݣµģ˿£ΪʹԺɱɾƷ
磬֮ƳɾƷӦûʲôɣЦ
̧ͷŰߣЦ޸Ȼû⣬ͨ޸޸ĻҲֻܵõͨľƷѡ
˼ǡɻ
֪޸Ҫʲô𣿡Цʡ
ҡͷ
޸ҪԴıԴҲͨıԴǱԴ˵ԵĻԴõģ޸֮ĵ˲ɱɵͼǸţ
ԴΪͨԴҲͨ˴ӴȻӵõıԴǱԴһıԴԴ˼壬һıԴ
ʥʥ̵ʱȷʵһҰģҲʥͼɱɾƷ׼۱۱Ұġ
ʥͼɱĶǱԴ
ԴĵȼԽߣʥͼɱĳ̶Խ
磬ЦˣԴô׵õģҲδŪԴҡͷ
һЦԣֻ˶ΣǱԴɱ䣡
磬ǿıԴʵ
ٺ٣ѵ˲֮Ҫ𣿡Ц
һ𣬡磬á
ô౾ԴǶֲ꣬һЩʲô⡣ЦҪȵıǵȣʱһǽܹȼԺǻһ׼
ٺ٣˵Ĳ
ھƿķӡơ
ЦЦָΪʥͼϣͼƿԴ
ʥͼڣҶѾүųˣƿԴүҶ˵һΪǿԴֻµס
ǿδأ
ҶһЦѪ̥֮ͷųģϼӹԴ
Ѫ̥֮Ѿӵдʥ֮ҲͨĴʥ֮Ǹ˼ǿҲ޷ƿԴ
֪ʦΪȲߣõԴҲԵֵסߵĹʦĿ֮
磬˹ȻûƿԴüͷֻܵȵ֮˵ˣǿƳĻ»ˡ


800 
˲ûٴγƿʥͼԴʥͼǬֿʼٻŮĿŮĦǳܡ
ǸҲѾȥˡ
ʥͼڣҶү˵˵ʥͼлɱ׼
үͷҲǶ˵ʥͼڹо𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷ
ڵ죬ʵѾûˣڰ͵ھʵյġү˵ʥ˵ֻҪñԴȫʥͼᷢɱ䣬Դ֮ԽǿƷɱĳ̶ԽߣȻʥͼɱĹУҪṩʥͼľʯʥͼƷʾԲ
ȻʥͼɱĻܲȫǣҶЦˡ
ٺ٣˵ûүЦʥͼɱ֮Ǿʹ߶ʥͼߣֻɱɾƷ׼۱ʥͼܱȫӳ
΢٣ү˵ҪͻƵĴʥˣʱִ߶ʥͼǴʥ۷ҲҪ˱ᡣ
ѾӵдʥˡҶ˵
ǱϾԼү˵ѵһҲ볢ǣߣն𣿡
ߣҶɻʲôߣ
ү͵ÿ˶оߣÿ߶ͨ˵ǰһһൽϾÿնһ߱Դؼ͵һЩرԴ涼ᷢ˼ɱ䡣
κ˶ܸӦ𣿡Ҷʵ
үҡҡͷֻжɹھŴ׽ٵ˲ܸӦ
Ҷ岻⣬˵ÿԲ߶лΪʥ
үЦˣ˵ûȷʵÿԲ߶лͻơǣףΪʲôʥô٣
Ҷҡͷ
߸Ӧ֮ʶΣһֱﵽһ޷һҵߣնͻԶʧȥʶɰ׳գүٺЦΪʲôʥΪô˰ɣ
ҪôܸӦߣôԼʶ뿪壿Ҷʡ
Ԫϣ˺һӦߵʱԪ֮סߣʶǰСûй˵Լֵ׼ǧҪԪסߣүɫѡ
ҶͷȻóȻôֻǸӦһߣûʲôΣա
Ԫϣ˺һӦԼߡ
Ȼ𾪵ǣȻ޷ӦߣһҲУ
ô£ҶȻ
ٴγԣٴʧܡ
Ȼ޷ӦߵĴڣ
˺һ״̬ѹɵĿүүʣʲôˣ
ҸӦҵߣҶ建³˼֡
үҲһǾ޿ܵģκ˶ܸӦԼߣֻҪΪԲ
ҶЦȻҲţƺĸӦߡ
үҲ޷⾿ʲôԭ
ͻȻҶ͵һĵĪǡĪΪҲˣûߣôôҪβͻʥ
߶ûУȻ޷նȻ޷ȡرԴΪá
Ҳ֪ԼӦ޳ɴʥ

ͬʱĳһ½ͻȻƾճǿУҲ֪Ǹ֮ġ
½Ͽһͭߵĺˣͭ˺󷽾ȻǻīԼħĴʥǡ
ԭͻȻĴ½Ȼħ½
𣿡ʥǴİ
īɨһĴʥǣʾǲҪ˵ͭˣ˵ǰΪʲô޼½Ҳһ
޼½ѾҪˡͭ˻ڡ
ǰ㻹ҪΪʲôΪʲôīͷ˵
ͭ˵ʲôҲǰһˣҵ֮뾡һа취ɱ
ǰ֪˾˭īʵ
ͭһ֣һƮ˻īǰϵˣǶһͭΪʲôҪɱϵʱͭѾʧӰ١
ϵˡȻҶ壡
磬λǰΪɱҶС練ƣΪʲôнǵ֣һħʥ⡣
ߣīߵǰ˵ʲôǣ
֪Ǹͭ˵ĿֲѾ׼ۣȻͭǰһ
磬λǰǶԸҶСӣĪСҲ򣿡ڰĿһ
ī˵ǸͻȻĸɫĴ֣½
½ĪҶڹ½ħʥһۡ
ڱȥ½īһֵ


801 
½
Ǹ߳Ϊ硱˱ŮİĦͻȻ
ˣȻǽڵĶ
ʲôˣڶĿڡ
ֹ
˵ڶһ
ʥ˵ֻûش
Ȼڶɫ΢䣬ʲô
˵Ҫս˽Ͱ͵Ļش
ٺ٣û뵽ȻˡڶٺЦʲôط
δüشһЦ㴫ڸʥսɸӦս
ڶЦһͻȻʧ˷ڡ
һ̣ڶѾ˳ǳϷǰкȻվһºӣºӹŨüۣƱˡ
ڿϳˣ´󺺴Ц
ʥôҽǣͲ±ҽǵ򽣴ɱ𣿡Ц
ýڣֶζԸңʥЦһ֮ϱ뿪Բڴ˵ضʱ
ңЦˣƺԼʵǳġ
ܰʥѾսʮʥ۷徳ǿߣδһܣǽȴ˿塣
ȥǿһս
ʥЦͻȻ𣬷ɳ㡣
Ҳ˳ȥ
ڵĵӺͳǼæȥ۷׷ס
˵аʥǰһĵһ֣ѾսʮĴʥǺ⣬ȫ˰ʥϡ
ƽÿǧһţһξȻǰһǧһʥٹͻͻ۾
ǵˣӵаȻʮȴǱǿһ֮һȫʮԾѹƣҹ˿ʮ
û˵ʥǰһԺţƺӵʮ֮һ
û뵽ȻԺŶǰʥĶ֣İ
ٺ٣ʥǿȴδǶĶ֣ǱˣҲ˿ڰ
ûĽһʥҲҪ˱ᣡ
ͬʱʥͼҶүҲ˵
ͽû뵽ȻлῴӵбĴʥ֡ҶЩ˷ܡ
ͽĹǿ¹˭ֻǲ˵ү˵
¡
˵֮ʱʥͽѾ֡
ʥͼڽϣҶүܹĹۿ˵սֻһ͸Ľ籩ϯ˷ʲôͰʲô顣
ͬʱʥҲͷųİһɫϯնŤԵޱȡ
ײմݡѡ
ĽҲˣ
ʥЦȭ˽֮Ŀһ޴ޱȵĺɫȭͷݺݵײ˽ԶԶȥһײһ
Ľǧһ𣬻һɳ˺ɫȭͷ
䣡
ȭͷͽͬʱը˺ѣֱ׼һ
˾ֻǴʥ۷壬ǵʵȴѾ׼ۣ
ʥͼڣҶĵѪʥ̥Ҳ˵Ķ֣
磬սңǿд֣֮ʯȫ飬ǿնǳ
ת֮㽻УԴֹ˶֣ȴûзֳʤ
ͻȻʥͼѱǴɢıԴ֮ȫǿдʥͼС
ȻҪڴ˿̰ʥͼɱ䣡
ʥȻȴ˽뷨ûֹΪκ⣬ţ֮ͬڣԲܸκˣǿߣ
ּս˰ʱԲ֮ڷ籩磬˭Ҳҿ
ڵĵӺͳǣȫԶţ¶֮ɫǽڵ֣ڽͽ棬κε¶ֲ˶ãҵսǵһΡ
ԣڵ˷ǳĽ
ͻȻʥͼյ㹻ıԴɱ䣡
ʥͼĵڰ͵ھ죬ѾȫʥͼƷʵõһɾƷϢǿС
ȫƽʥͼϵԴһҶ岢ûֹɽƿԴһƿӡʥͼ˰ʥ
ʥƤ¸ֳһȭףͬǾƷӲסʥͼĹ
ĵײ֮ʱ쳹ǿգ˶ķ顣
ɫȻ䣬ȴ𾪣ʥʵ֮ǿѾемܡ͵ҧȻּһѽѽȻҲǾƷĽǿ


802 
ʥûмڶƷȻ԰סԼȭͷӲĹ
ֽУհʥʩչȭʥͼͽĽͬʱˡ
δüٻصʥѾɱǰһȭ֮ˡ籩
ۿҪУһѪɫͻȻնǡն˽Ͱʥм䣬ʥɫ΢䣬ֻȭͷ
ʥ˺󼸲֮ЦýڣĪԶٲɣ
һѪͻȻƾճڽߣڵĵǼˣæΰݣμ
Ѫ˰˰֣ʾ⽣ڵĵǲضŰʥЦѾӮˣֺαظϾɱ
ʥЦʥ֣Ѫôɣ
ѪһЦȻʤѶ㻹ǻȥɡ
ʥ㣬ȻˣͺͱʥԱԺˣδ䣬ʥϢͻȻǣͻȻȭѪˡ
ȻҶһ׼֣
ѪЦѪȥ

Ѫȭͷײ쳹
˾㤵ˣѪ׼۵ΪȻҲ޷ܰʥ
ʥͼڣҶľѣ򣬾ȻԴʥΪ׼ۣ
ͻȻһץסʥͼʥͼ˰ʥʥͼգ˱޿ɱܡ
ʥܣһЦͻȻ󷽴ҹ½㻹𣿡
ʥʱоΧĿռһֻʥͼԼס
ͻȻڰʥǸ׷ԲԵߣϲơ
棡ڵȫ
׷ԲԵ˾Ȼǽ棡
ٺ٣ҲҶңʥЦҲдۣҶǾԻͽڲݡ
ˣԿıضǽڣΪǵʵҪǿڽڡ
ٺ٣㼸꣬Ҳ˵ʲôһ֣ʥͼŰʥŹ½ȥܿһڸڵһڡ
ŹΧʱһƬڰ
ʥһ͵ʥͼһȭȭ˴ǽϣȻ𾪵ǣȻһҲûС
ٺ٣㲻ð׷ˣҽר£ѹ˵ĵط׼Ҳ޷ӳЦ紫
ʥܳȥضɱ㣡ʥߡ
ɱ𣿡һЦȥˡ
ʥһתʥͼһץ˹ȥ
ʥͼƯ㿪˰ʥ֡
ߣողųΪƷѣҲ뷴ʥʥߣץʥͼ
Ҷүִ߶ʥͼٴαܿ˰ʥ
ʥĿһӰȣٴʥͼʥͼ
һ׷һ硣
ʥʵǿȴ׷ʥͼϾʥͼڿʥŴ߶ʥͼѾɱ˾Ʒ
ڣʥֹͣ׷ͻȻӦˣ

ʥһŰʥͼ
ʥͼһ֮ǻǱɣײǽ֮ϡ
𣿡ʥߡ
бµĻΪʲôұƳҶЦ
Ȼˣ
ʥһ˵Ҳǽڵˣ
ΪʲôҪǽڵˣҶЦ
㾿˭ʥ
˭ҶЦ˭˵Ҳʶ
ʥЦһй¶޵󱲶ѣ
ļûã֪˭ץסʥͼȻҳҶЦ
ٺ٣ʥɱ㣬練ƣʥЦ˵رϾֻбʥһˣɱҲĵģԱʥʱһ
˵ڵϣЦڵ˾ȻҰѱʥȱʥͻˣض˽ڣ
Ҷû˵
ӵнʥЦԺ˱ʵ̫ˡ
;Ժ˽֣Ҷ岻ʡ
ϧԺʵǿ˲ԺڵĻʥһսʥЦ
ԺӵʲôҶʵ
ռʥ˵ʮУռĹ˿ػ
ҶҲ˵ռ˵֮ռ֮ȫӵƿأһռ֮£Ʒ
ԺĵطͨԲ˵ʮ֮࣬Ҳм֡ʥ˵ϧЩӵʮˣ󲿷ֶѾǴ۾ڻû취ȥսǣ
ҶȻÿֲʵԺжۣ
ٺ٣ʦԺǿҲ٣ȱʥȥˣҪһȥЩˣʥ촽
Ҷ尵һﻹǸսӡ
֪ǵĳˣȫǺսӡ


803 Դ
ڰʥѺڴʱһȺ˽ٵ˹½
Ϊ֮ˣǸԼʮ׳Ũüۣͭꡣ
ֻʣ¹½ûҹˣϣѪ̥ڹ½Ϊ״󺺻ڣ
˵䣬Žڷɳ۶ȥ½ɱǽڣõѪ̥Ϣֱȥʽڵʡ
ǸոϷ桢Լ˳
ԭս˵Ĺ͵ˡ֣Ѿкüδ˰ɣЦ
ϵܣҲĨˣ˴һմЦ
ĿһЦʵ֪ʲô
ʲôϵܾͲ֪ˣֻҪ˰һѹ½СմЦ
֣ʲô֪ηԸµˣεҡҡͷ
ֻҪڹ½ĴһʲôֵĶ߹½ʲô䣬㶼ҡҾڽţһʱӦ㹻˰ɣմЦ
ĬƬ̺ЦŵͷһѾˡ
Ҿ;ϵܵĺϢˡմ󺺴Ц˿ûԼˣֱӷ˽֮Уս˵˽
ս˵ߺ󣬽棺棬ĪǵõʲôϢɣһֱĻǵļƻǡ
Բƻǵ¡һ취뿪ġ洫
棬Ǹô
˳ȥӣʱ֮һʱ䣬ǺĲ𣡡˵
ͷתȥԸȥ½
ͬʱͽȥкս˵ȥˡ
ܿ죬ʱȥˣɳȥ˻ˣ󽣳ս˵ˣ½ϲûʲô䣬ҲûгʲôŹֵĶ
ս˵ûж뿪˹½
˿ȴ֪ս˵˸ո뿪½Ȼ۷ˣǽһɫ棬ɫӾȻգ
ϣΪʲôҪȥɫ棬һս˵ĵӺȻʵ
ΪڵйŹ֣ƺż뿪½մЦ㲻ãѪ̥Ѿסˣ
ǲǣٻȥ֪ˡ
ɫϾͷ˽ǣȻûзֽɫĴڡ
棬ٹʱͿʼˣڿ󣬷ӡ½ΧĿռ𣿡ʵ
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ǹ½룬֮ǶȥΧǴִޱȵѷ졣
½ƺҪ˺ѿˣ
һĻ˲ϲĻȻģ½Ļᷢ䣬³Դ
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˴ʥʹ۾ҪԴѾԪʯǱԴıԴԽԽã
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ϵܣһ˶̹½ıԴʵ̫
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۽֣˺ѣԲڳſ񱩵ķУҶ֮ǿٽѪ̥֮ҲòˣܿЩ񱩵ľ
ȻδֳʤͷˣǵͻȻ½˲ʧȥ˴۾ʵͬʱʥͽ˵ΪҲ½
ЩԭǴʥߣΪȫ½һС磬֮ǰǴ۾Ϊ򽵵˴ʥն
ֻ⣬ǱʥͼҶү
ͻȻʧɫԣЩԴ⣡
ЩԴǵΪˣմҲӦ
ԭղ˹½ԴˣΪˣҶүʥͼڣûüձԴ֮ԣǵΪû½
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ûûЩԴ֮ս˵ĵҲ״˵
ѱԴ֮棬ҪñԴ֮ԼͻȻȡ
û˸Ҵ⣬ȫ˹ѱԴ֮ʮ֮⡣
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ΣմҲٱ侲ˣһʵ̫죬Ϊ۾ǿߣȻҲ޲ߣ


804 
űԴ֮ɢΧ˵ΪԽԽͣǾ㤣˭Ҳ޷ٱ侲
ͻȻմԾ𣬴ߣΧĿռȴסˣ޷ơ
˴󾪣ս˵Ĵ۾ǿ߶޷ߣ˭ӳ֮أ
ͬʱʥͼڣԴ֮ҲУʥͼڲ硣
Ҷүɫ䣬ͬʱ˹ֵԴ֮ͬʧˣǸסԴ֮롣
Ҷڵ֮ȴѱԴˣΪû˶½֪֮ɱԴҶϰү̵ڵıԴ֮סү
ù챾Դү𾪲ѡ
˭ڿЩԴҶ循ɣЩԴ֮ƾճ֣ضˡ
ͻȻһϵЦ½ǲ÷ˣǵΪϷ򡭡
͵һⱳȻڲٿأ۵ΪǺηʥ
ǰս˵ˣʲôطĻմ˵ʱĿⲻתڱ֮˵䡣
սΣϵЦڳս˵˭ҲȲ㣡
մɫ䣬˾˭
ҲľѣĪЩԶϹﲻɣ
ǵΪȫữҵһ֣ǼˣҲӦøеҲŶԡϵЦ
Ȼ
ͻȻϵֵǶھƷСӣϤϢĪҲһˣ
Ҷ¶ɫ˶һʥͼȥ
СӣɣĪҪϷɣϵٴ
Ҷʥͼһ
ƼҶ壬΢΢һĪһĴ˲ɣ
ضǿǲһɵĵˣɵĵˣû֪ԭֻ֪ǼˣضҪɱˡ
ϧܶ˶Ҷ˶֣Ϊ˶̫ǿˣǲֹߣսˣԶͬߡ
ٺ٣ϸӦ˰֮ϢȻһĴˣϵЦ쳹ͬʱԴ֮Ҷ壬һֻεĴץסҶ塣
ˢһҶʧˡ
ͬʱ˵Ϊڲ½

½صĳǸԲǧɵĻ磬һֻаӣͷ׵ƯڻС
ͻȻһƾճߣ˵ȻҶ塣
ܴİ֮촽
ңҶ˵
Ѿ֪ŵּˣŵˣ˵İ֮Լİ֮ᱻաЦ
ҵİ֮ҲָҶ˵
޷ָȫҲָܻһˣЩ׼յ½ҵΪͻȫԭ߹Ц
Һ֪˭㣿Ƕ޷㣬ΪԲҶ˵
ߣںսʲô۷徳˶ɱЦǱˣҲ䵽³
˭Ҷ档
ٺ٣㶼ҪˣҲ޷ЦϷˣҲŵˣȻϷϣǣһУҲˣ
ҶȻȻǰӦҲһ
ڻ֮һѾһˡ
ס֣аӣЦ걻ˣһְ֮˿ɲֹϷϷ˵ˣһѾȫˣӦòܳԽ۷壡ٺ٣۷ɲô׳Խģ
۷壡ҶٴľаӵΪȻǴ۷塣
ȻǵΪǴ۵۷壬ȴϣӦ֪ж˰ɣ߹Ц
ҶĭžжֲһǣȻǴ۷徳ĳǿߡ
ҵʵָ֮аӣǻټģٺ٣߹ЦгԹ֮ɫ
̧ͷҶ壬촽ͻȻһѪҶ˶ʼҶ塣
Ҷͷųֵȴֵסͷų֮
֮ڵֵסѪʴߵͻȻصҶߣΪʲôһ
ҶЦȫͷ֮˿иʱ֮أ
ߣĪΪϷԸ˲ɣЦȫ߶ѪʴҶ塣


805 
߱Ͼһʵ̫ǿҶ御Ѿͷų֮ȻֵסѪʴ
۷徳ľǿߣˣҲԲڵҶܿģ
ۿҶ廤ס֮ƿͻȻˣ󽣾ȻִҶüķ˳ѪֱɱѪеһ
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𾪵ͬʱѾˣͼܿ󽣵նɱǴʵ̫죬ɲ֮ն֮ϣԪͬʱն롣
ţֱӰһ˽УȻ󣬴󽣲ŻһҶüġյȻԴԴϵķҶڣ
ҶԲһֻնġĴʥ˵ǲܵģûնߣ޷Ƶġ
ǣҶȴˣʵڷ˼
һȻֹڴˣǺܴһֶˣҶֻһС֡ȻֻһС֣Ҳ㹻Ҷˡ
ѵΪûߵԵʣҵŻƵҶ룬Ҳֻֿˣ޷Ϊʲôӡ
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Щ˼ɣһߵĵ֣ԲԶֶԸˣ
ˣҲûа취󽣡ҶӰһƾʧҲʥһʩչ顱ˡ
ͬʱ½ϣڰеıԴ֮Ѿȫʧˣ˵Ϊڲ½ڼǽմ󺺵ΪҲѾ½˴ʥն
˾͸˵ˣΪ½̫ࡣ
ʥΪҲѾ½˴ʥն
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СŵˣôҲضŵɣմһ
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棡
ҶһЦɵүߣ˵ߣ
үͷ˵ƿշߣŹ½ȥ
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ֳˣ±ϸ֪ˣ
մ󺺵ѶֹѶս˵ˣҲѶˡ
˳ֻ֣Ҫض㾡ȫĨɱԾ󻼣

ϣǿѰѪ̥˾ܵմ󺺵ĴѶ֪˳Ϣ
սˡʦԺԺˡµȴˣϷѰѪ̥ʼմ·ȥ׷ˣ
У˵ҪԣȻҪԽѪ̥Ҫ֪ǱõѪ̥Ļһ۷徳ľǿߡ
ǼˣȻѪ̥
Ҷ岢֪Σıƽү뿪½֮󣬱һʯͣ
үҪȥֻĻҪ೤ʱ䣿Ҷʵ
үҡͷҲ֪ǣҪֻ򣬱õֻͼ򼴱ǵΪҲͷӬһҴܡ
ôҪ֪ͼ¡ҶЦ
үͷǾҸ˶򣬵ȵõͼ֮Ǿͻȥ
̶֮Ҷү׼Ȼʱڵ򣬵ͻȻըһֻǧĻצץˣ
צʯ֮ץҶүʵǾ춯أʯ쾪
֮ˣʵǿֻѾն˾Ǵʥ۷壡
ҶүѾ룬ȫּԴ
¡
һ죬Ҷүɳɫʱü԰ס
ȵҶүס̧ͷʱ򣬶ʱһߴɵӰϿգ֣һͷ׻Ӱڴ˱֣ˡ
ֲϢԴͷŶǳ
ߣ
Ҷүߣ̫ǿ˾ԲǴ˵Ķ֡
սߣƾǻʸ񣡡ǿߴЦ
Ҷһݣ˾Ȼս˵Ĵʥս˵ΪλԸԼĪǷѪ̥ϲɣ
ȴ֪ս˵֮ҪԸΪˡ


806 ֮
ս˵ǿߣΪܲ׼ۣѾ޽ӽּǿߣҶү֮⣬ûѡ
ս˵ǿȻ׷ŹҶүһֱں׷٣ҶүʥͼƷͱ׷ˡ
ͻȻһ쳹ǿգ
Ԥԣѣ
¡һ죬ҶүΧնʱݣ˺ѡ
Ԥԣѽ٣
ʱҶүΧ˺ѿĿռѷ֮ݻѩֵ֡֡ȵȵȵȡ
Ҷүʱޱ޼ʵУܾĥǸֲǰľǲǻ
ս˵ǿߴЦǧԤǰˣ
һͷϼ⣬µƾճ֣·һ
˵ľޱ֮һӵԤԵ֣Ԥһֵܵס
Ǹս˵ǿߣΪҲһѾõľޱۡ
֣ǧЦ
ԭΪ֪ˣԲŻֶԸңҶһ
ɱǰץȥű޾еҶ塣
ɱ
ǧڡ
һЦ̽һץһֻצûץҶ塣
ҶʥͼֵһצץʥͼϣҶûڷ飬˲˺˼
֮ɫȻûϵҶȻֵܵסĹЦЦٴγ֣һΣȫҶ޷Ĺ
Ҷͷų֮ٴεֵסĹ
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Ҷ嵱֮סԼүȻĵס֮ǿǹ֮ǲϰүǿ
ҶȻֵס֮ʴǧͬʱ𾪡
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֮أʵǸ޴ޱȵʱУʱεطвУᱻʱ֮ʴľ
Ǵ۾ǿߣҲҪܴĴ۲뿪֮أҲֻд۷徳ǿߣӲ֮صʱ丯ʴ
ǧʵ޷ҶȻҲֵܵס֮ĸʴ
һ֮أͻᱻʱвϾ룬ʱ򣬼Ǵ۷徳ǿҲȲǡ
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ȻҶǣǹҶҲƶȻǿ
ǧˣǵԽԽ٣ڲ˶á
СֵܣֻҪϾǣպرС
ûСֵܣֻҪʩԮ֣պرǧҲæ˵
ҶЦˣƾʲôǣ
ǧ͵ҧͬʱ˵ǿԷԣ
˵䣬ͬʱҧָ⣬һüģʱѪҺһϵ֣ûüģͬʱѪɫַҶ壬ҲûҶüġ
ҶʱоѾȫȫסǧЦЦͷų֮ǧ
һ֮ǧ㷢֣֮Ҳ޷ʴǵ
⾿ʲôǧľ
ʱҶǣ˭˵ģ
ҳϣ˵
ҶһĪڹ½Ǹս˵Ĵۣ
ǧˣҶʣʲô취뿪֮𣿡
ǧ˿Цҡͷд۷徳ǿ߿ϳ־ǣԶҲ뿪֮أǣ۷徳ǿߴ󲿷ֶڱչأ׳֣
۷壬Ѿ˵ǿߣ׾Բ¶档
˵֮ʱҶѾ֮룡
֮룬ǸʬЩʬȻľڴ˵ġ
ǲ峤𣿡ǧ𾪡
ûȷʵ峤ϣʧǰѾ׼ۣɫصĿڡ
Ǳ߻ħǿߣû뵽˾ȻҲ֮أǧֿʬľѡ


807 ɵٴɱ
֮غ󣬳Ĵۣ˿԰Ȼӳȥ
֮һε֮ʹñ֮ص˸޷뿪֮أ֮£˭ˣ
Ҷ֮壬޷ӳȥĻ˵Ҳ֮أطʵֲ̫졣
ͻȻҶо֮ȻΧ֮ˣ
ʵ̫㤣֮Ȼ֮ɣ֮Ҷϸڵɵֽ˱仯
ֱ仯ʼʱ򲢲ԣǽģֱ仯ԽԽͬʱҶҲӰ죬ӵ֮
˳˯
ǧ֪ҶϷʲô£ǲҴҶ壬Ϊ֮棬ֻҶܱסǵ
үҶ壬ĵСϾʲô£үҲ㲻ҶϾʲô仯
Ҷĳ˯˺ܳܳ

Ҷ˯ʱħĴʥ˹½ȴûҵҶ塣
磬ӦѾˡڰԻī˵
ңһҪҵī
ħֿʼǿҶ䡣

ͬʱħ½ڰĸϡ
Ѿȥֻش½Թū˵
ū֪ʩչ֮ͫ󣬿Իˣܲ¡
ȥֻش½˽Ʒɣ˵ģû£
īƺ뿪ħ½ūͻȻ˵˾䲻մߵĻ
ⲻĿŹū
ū˵Ȼīǲ٣ʱ뿪ħ½ĺûᣬңǿû꣡
ʲôʱ֣ʵ
Ѿ֪ͨ꣬ȥߣءӦòܾūЦˣһЦǡ
˵Ī뿪˸ۡСĪ˳˯ūǰۡġ
ܿ죬ūͼ˻ķбڵдŮ
ãȥʲôطЦʵ
棡ū̧ͷգ˵ħ½һǿŲƵȥƣֻ򾿾ʲôͬ
ԥһ£ī뿪֮ǰѹҪ˽뿪ħ½Ϊǿʵ̫࣬вΣա
Ϊֵ˵ĻģҲ˼ɲôˣֻԥһ£ˬĴӦ˹ū
˴߶бŹūͼ뿪ħ½Ȼ뿪ʱ򣬻߻żԲߣԼһʥߣ
ǿС
ɨΧǿգԹūЦ˵ã˵˸ģԸĻҿ
ūȻһЦ磬ȳԵ㶫˵ɡ
ãȻãˣ磡굱Ը׼ʳ
ͬʱū⣺Ҫ꣬Ƚߵİʥ
ڣͼΪֻѣһʥĶ֡
ڰ˹ūܶ౦боƷƷƷʲõģǶԸһʥѾ㹻ˡ
ܿ죬ͱ磬ūͼǸʥػ⡣
磬Ҿһū˾ơ
ܳæƣЦãȸΪˣ˵һ
ūʹ˸ɫȻͻȻ֣üͷųͷɱꡣ
ͫͻȻ˱ɫһɫʱƾճ˻ߣѻΧ
һϱָ侲ӭУɻ֮ϯ˲Ͱѷĺͻ浲һ֮⡣
ҲʱĴʥͻȻʵүʲôˣ
Ц۷ʲôҲҪںͱϷأ
ԸԲŮ˻ԼĶ֡
ǣүĴʥӦһ
ͬʱڣԴɻ֮۳˹ūͼ⡣
ū߶ģݻһӭȥٴͷųֵ
¡¡
Ķȫһ˲仯촷ۣ䣬絶Уߡ
ٺ٣棬ƺãҪԸ˰ɣаЦ
ΣЦ
ٺ٣ȻǲʵĻͲҪҲˣ˭Ҳ뿪ȵĿɨūͼ壬촽аЦҺˣһǴӴҲ뿪ҵģ


808 Ī
ڣɻ֮ȫ˹ūͼˡ
䣡
Դ󣬷ݻߣϳ꣬ͬʱͷųĻҲ˻ߣ˻ꡣ
߽棬񱩵ľֱ䱬ըˡ
ľ׷ɣŴӿȥ
ūͻ꣬ԼǸػڷĴʥҲľм嵽˴֮⡣
ٺ٣ã˭Ҳˣ
аЦٴμԴɻ֮ɫʸ㼲˹ūͼ⡣
ūߣݻһ̫󣬵סǰɫȫ̫ϣ޷˵ǡ
ٴʩչֱͫǣ˻ߣּĸо
һæˣ뼧֮ľ룬ּĸо
ԭ־һµͫµͫߵߣвУǿõ˳ȥͻƴʥ
ͫɲֹԲãԴʥȻãǴʥ۷塣
ԸŮˣǸʥӵ˻ߡ
µɨ˼һۣ˵ͷɲԼЦ
¡
ʥ֣ȫʯһȭ˼⣬𵴣εȭ羪κһѹ˼⡣
ȭδѾоĪѹ
ʥ֣ͬСɣ޷סʥȫһ
ʱūˣһɫȨȣɫȨȴ˴ʥһȦȦɫĲƣնΪ֮Ť˺ѿ
ڰȨȣ
ʥ㤣æˣūеĺɫȨȣΪڰȨȡǾƷڰĵ֮һǿ
ܺڰѾʹúڰȨȣǺڰȨȵȻħ½
ԺڰȨһʥҲû룬ֱӱˣ
ȻڰȨƺϤ˿ռı仯֮һɲ֮նɱ˴ʥǰڰ֮ɢֱӰѴʥ
ΣͷʥƷֵһڰȨȱסˣʥȴҲܣ˫Ѿ÷顣
ٺ٣ãΪƷֻ𣿡
ЦȻҲ˾ƷľƷһѽɫĽźɫɻ֮Ϊ֮
þ֮
ū΢䣬þ֮ǻīʥʱ彣̺Żīɻ걾ԴǿԶںڰȨ֮ϡ
ˢ
þֱ֮ӷɳնɱ˺ڰȨȡ

ƷԼǿмսǿ𶯡
ͬʱʥٴγɱ˹ūͼ⡣
ڹūͼΣʱһСӰͻȻӵǰСץסʥ֡
һʥ־ȻֱӱСˡ
ʥҽУֳȴ޼¡
ūͼĿȥһ֮˾ȻСĪ
СĪЩãƺ֪ԼʲôƼʥſʥ֣ʥæˣһ㤡
ū㣬ʲôˣСĪתŹūɻʡ
ū˵Ȼȣþ֮ɱǸŮ
ˢһþ֮˺ڰȨȣռתĽ棬СĪĺףһϬ֮˼޿ɱܡ
ūͼⶼûзӦ
ǣСĪȴ漣תָסþ֮
ʥɴ۾ǿСĪסþ֮ɲǣͻȻθߣ˻һϵ·Ҳ˺ѿ¶˰֬Ƥ
СĪȻһӱһʮˡľɫŮӣ
һ˾ϢСĪϴǿն
ԶĴ½½֮ϣһ۾ǿȫ̧ͷСĪڷϽ¶֮ɫ
塢ħ塢ĴǣҲ¶֮ɫ
˭İϢджһʡ
бϣСĪ̧֮ۿʥͻֻ꣬һۣʥͻֵס׷ױˣѪ硣
СĪûɱǣתҫ۵գĿ⣬ƺڿĴǴˣЩǣһ޷̽
ţСĪһ˹ūͼߣȻһ͹ū뼧ȻͬʱʧӰˡ
µģֻȻھеĻˡ
˭޷侲
ÿµ񣡡ʥĭ£ţԷɱһѾ㹻ˣԷʵ֮ǿԶԶ



809 ħˣ
֮ء
ҶȻ֮У֮
ǧһԿţһۣ뿴үʵүʲô£
֪үҡͷҪҪ£ҲҪ
ǧЦǰԲ뵽Լһһϡ
¡
ͻȻҶΧŤȻռ֮֮ˡ
ǧæˣ˿Ҷϵ֮ʵֲ̫ҲоΣա
Ҷɿռֳ֮죬УȻѰˣȻҲѰѪ̥䡣
˭Ҳ뵽Ѫ̥ȻҪҵϣ뵽ҪҵˣȻ֮ء
ת֮䣬ձ
ռ䣬Ҷ˴Ŀռ֮ΧĿռѾݣһڵĿռѷ졣
ɵַ˼侪˵ı仯ֻҪ΢תһµ֣رԴڣɵգȻת
Ǵʥ֮ʥ
ȻûնϹԼ߶ûмȴѾ˴ʥ
˿̣ԼҲ֪ԼʲôΪʲôʵ
˫̧ۣͷǧ˵ȫң
ǧһ㶣漴ҡͷЦҪЦˡ
ȫңҶǳ˵
ǧ֪Ҷģԥһ£һҧֻһָҶ塣
ҶҲһָָָӴָͣӴ֮ռݡ
⡭ôܣǧһһδʥߣôܵסһʥĹ
ûоȫҶ´ȫĻԶ֮غˡ
ԣǧ˫ֽӡͬʱԤԣٴ
¡
˷Ԫ۳ˮҶ壬ٴ㺣ˡ
Ҷתʥȫȭȭ
¡¡
Ҷˮȫȭ˺ѣǿյ飬䡣
ǧĿɿڴ
Ҷ忴Լ˫֣Ҳ𾪣Ҳû뵽ɵɱ䣬رԴ֮Լı仯Ȼ֮
ڣѾ˿ʥ۷ʵֻΪȴֻԲѡ
ԺҲرԴ֮ҵ᲻᲻Ҷ롣
үҶ˼֮أرԴŨ㵽磬ĽԲô죬ҵʱͿռңطȶĵط
Ҷĵү˵ûԶ棬һȥҾ޷ɵôرԴ
Ȼ¡һ죬֮صʱ𽥱ʧ
ô£Ҷһ
ǧҲһͻȻһ֮ˣʱеƻˣʱбˡ
˵䣬ʱѾɢҶʱеİΧǿС
Ҷ峢һ£ȻǿУرԴ֮ٶȼ
ҵˣ
ͻȻһЦ쳹ǿա
ҶĿȥֻһȺƿշΪ֮ˣȻǻī
ħˣҶɫ΢䣬û뵽ħ˾ȻҲҾȻҵ
īƼҶ߾Ȼʥ۷壬޽ӽ׼۵ǿߣһϾͻָƽʥ۷ΣԼĶ֣
֣ɱҶ壡
ڰȴʥҶɱȥīɱǧм䡣
֪ʲôˣĪ㲻˲ɣǧŭ˵ˣ˭裿һ׼Ҳҡ
û뵽Ȼ˸ˡ
ʲôˣϷ޹أīЦɻ֮ǵصľǧ
ʱ˼սǿվ
ͬʱڰΧסҶүҲչ˹ɱ
Ȼڰ·ֻҶŻ֮粨˰ϯ˷ֱӰѼΪԲĴʥֻԪӵ˻֮⡣
⡭ôܣڰʣĴʥ𾪲ѡ
Ҷ̧ͷźڰˣ󽣣һбն£ݺᣬǻնɱ˺ڰˡ
˿İŽرԴ֮Ѿɱ׾ŽӰԵ
ڰȫֵ˽ΧɱҶ壬үȫˡ
үЦԶܲսûгְҶ壬˿̵Ҷ壬ȫæǳʥѣ޷Ҷæ
СôܱôŹ˼죿ħĴʥԽսԽ
Ҳţһ˿µսһΪڰĵ


810 а
ںڰ𾪵ʱҶͷų֮֮ƺƵϯ˺ڰˣֱ֮Ӱ;ɣһռѷ졣
˺ڰ֮⣬ʥûֵܵס֮ȫ֮Ƥ⣬ѾĿȫǡ
ɵɱ侪ˣͨĴʥҲѵֵס֮
ħĴǸ㤣ʲô
ʥ֮ǿѾͨͨ˺ǵ˿ҶͷųȻ׵˵Щʥ᲻
ͻȻҶֲٿ֮Ǿɱɵ͵ڶ
һΣħĴʥ뱩ˣ˭ҲٽӴ֮
Ҷ̤ɱħĴʥ֮ͻ֮ͬʱʢ
ڰȫֵżҽУвٴʥشˡ
ʱүڳˣһذ׵ݣ֪ʱȻϢĳһ˵Ĵʥһذ׻ʥĺס
ʥԪͷ˳һԶǿա
ͬʱҶҲ󽣻ɱһʥʥҪɱʵ̫ѣֻٵҲʥشɹˣҲҪѺܶʱָܻ
ڰɫһľƷ֮
ħƷһǲþ֮Ƕ֮
ˢ
֮նҶ壬նү
үչ٣ˣǻûܶ㿪֮ϮɱʱҶӵǰ˫սն˶֮ϡ
һ𻨷ɽ֮
ҶԴ󣬷۳ɼʸ˺ڰ棬һͻأѸ̺֮ڰδüܣ㱻ʸüġ
ڰԪҲ֮ڶ˳û޷Ҷ忹⣬ֻѰ·Ҳû룬ϾͶˡ
ͬʱһߣǧֶԸī˾ֻǴʥ۷徳ߣ֮£Ȼֵס˻ī˿֮ơ
ʱҶɱ˹ȥ
īƼҶˣһɨΧԼ˾Ȼȫʧˡ
Ҷ塢ǧûī֮ʷ˹֣Դ׼ۣ
¡
īڲִ֮³֣ʱĺˡ
𣡡
һͻȻһͷɫ޻ɣˣ˻ī
īЦɻ֮ζջϸߣͻ
Ԥԣѣ
ǧԤʱŤݣʹĺɫ˿ȫŤսʶˡ
ͻɱ˻īǰһצ˻ī
īһɫӡǣӭȥסȫһצ
ʱҶͻȻ֣֮ѹƻīȻʩչֽŸɫѹ˻īīΧ˲˺ѿ
⡭ôܣ
īûϵҶȻܱǿɵڶݵ𾪺ϱָ侲Դ
ɻ֮۳һͷɫĴޣ̵˰֡
ͷɫĹޣʵԶŵɻޣ
ȻûȻī̫ãɻޱ㱻űˣһըŰּѹ˻ī
ͬʱǧҲ˹
֣ԼȫʵīҲǿԴȻûֵܵסشѪ
Ҷ˴ʤ׷ɱīʱ򣬻ī˵ϢȻñϢҲ֮ǡ
Ҷ弸𾪵ǣīı飬īƺԸģ֮ƺܵĳĸԤ
ĸԤ֮£īʵȻӲε˴۾
һĴۣʵ֮ǿԶԶ׼ۣҶҲһ۵Ķ֡
ī𣬺ɫɻ֮ʱ˳ϯҶˣҶ˵ĵ̵
Ҷͷųֵ֮֮ܵסɻ֮ҶʵϾޣԺܿҶ·硣
ǧ˼æ֧ԮҶ壬ȴīֻˡ
֮ǿˣ
ΣͷҶĴ󽣣ȻֲĴüķ˳նɱ˻ī
īˣ
󽣼۶׷ȥ
ҶΪΣ˵ʱһЦ󷽴ڴ뿪ˡ
ҶоһǰδеΣΣһΣ
һͭ˲֪ʱȻͭץҶĺԣָ˸貵Ĺâ
Ҷܣȴ֣ΧͻȻˣ޷
桭ûļҲûоѣעֻ·һҵ˺ܾãΪľһ̣ͭаЦ
棡Ҷ循ɣ˵Ļʲô˼
Ѿ㵽һīΣյסٺ٣ûɣͭ˴Ц
ۿҶҪɥͭ£ѾҶʱһƾճҶߣҶ
ͭһץ˷ϣȴѾûҶӰҶȻƶʮɿ⣬ͭ˵ͫײһ
ǧ֣Ҳ͵һ
˭Ҷɣҵ˾Ǻηʥ
ߣ㱾岻ĪǾӱֵ°˾߲ɣͭЦ
аӣˡ㶯ãһϵصǿգ඼
аӣ
ҶȻͭ˾ȻŵһǿǸһ
ǰڹ½ǸˣΪаӲ䵽Ǹزģɴ˿ɼаӵĿֲ
аӱץҶ壬ǾʱѾһնɱ˻īҶ弲ɶ
ãаһתæߣƺǳ´󽣡
аߺҶ˿аǰûа㷴֮۷壬Ǵ۷壬ʵ̫ˡ
Ѿȫɡ
ǿеֳ˷ģҶ塢ǧүΧȻҶȫˡ
һ̣ҶһƬ棬Ӱ涣ֵľͷȻиţҶǡ
ʵڰߣʹñ˸޷ҶһȥĿݽȥĸо޷԰Ρ
ҶƿĿ⣬ٿˡ
ڰɿ⣬˹վţҶˣһ΢ֵЦ˵طаǾԲģǾͷĺˡ
һ۷ǿ߶ĵطɼطĿֲ
ˣйڤ빦
ʱǸڿˣϣȴ˲Ծǡ
Ҷһ漴˵ͷȷʵйڤ빦
֪ڤ빦Ժδʡ
ҶĿһĪʦԺ


811 
˱Ҷ˵ͷڤ빦ʦԺ֮һ
ǧѾ֪ʦԺҶȴ֪ҲǳԾ
ڤ빦֮󣬿Ԫɱ䣬ӸӦߵĻᣡǧҶ塣
һҪͻ۾Ҫնߡ
Ҷ岢δΪǧĻˣΪ֪Լ¸Ͳߣ
ѾƲ⣬Լ֮ûߣΪ겢磬ͬӦҲܻӵߡ
ڤ빦оŲ㣬Ѿ˵߲㣬˵߲㣬Ҳ޷ӦĴڡ˻ڡ
Ҷ̲סʵǰҲһʦԺ֪ǸʦԺʦԺʲôϵ
ܶǰʦԺ˱ʣ츳ļӱ˳ȥǵʦԺĴȥ룬ǸʦԺǵһµģ˻ش
Ҷ尵Ī޼½ʦԺΪŴڵģ
ЩµĴˣѾص򣬳һ⣡˵ȥֻûв´Ӧñֻİɣ
Ҷͷ
ȻѾʦԺѧȻӦʦԺһԱӽ쿪ʼʦԺΣ˵
ԣǧ𾪲ѣǰ˭û뵽˾ȻҶ塣
Ҷԥһ£˵ͷлǰ
ȥɡ˵ȥ
վڰ˱ЦŵͷһҶ壬Ҷȥ
ֵ߳ʱҶ崫ǧ˾˭
֮һǧҲʦԺԺ˵ʼҲԸǴˣ
Ҷ岻һѹû뵽־˾Ȼ˿ֲһˡ

ڣҶԶȥʱǸµ˲ʣ棬ˣǡ
Ļδ˵꣬㿪˵ʦԺˣȻˣ
ǡһǡ
ûһԲǸˣ
棬ĪѾЩʲôߣ
ˣǿҲ޷ڤ빦߲㣡
棬±˲˵ĻʱϢȥ֮˾Բ׷Ź
㲻õġϢ֮󣬴ȥʥذɣ츳ʣʸʥأ
ǣ棡

ͬʱҶѾźãȫס˷䡣
ү˵ħΪʲôҲ򣿡Ҷʵ
үҡͷӦֻʲôʡ
ҶĿһҴھȥħ½䣬ڻīѾˣǰѰūȳĻᣡ
֪ĪҲħ½
ôȥʲôطħ½ҶЦ
үҲεҡҡͷûô󣬼ǴʥΪҲ޷ں嫵ǿҵħ½
ǣʦԺĴۿϳְǡ
죬ʱˣǰҳħ½λþˡү
ҶĵȷʵҲֻ취ˡ
֮ҶĿʼŲǰͻīս۵Ķ
ʱ֮Ҷ뿪˷䣬үƨƨߵĸȥ
ʦԺʵ̫Ҷڵ֮ţʱɽˮأ֣ʦԺȻУǸ޴ޱȵյΧԴ
ЩԴ󣬶ʦԺǿµģһ壬ͬʱ֣㾡ȫûܹЩһͻȻҶү
ҶүתһǸס˲֪ʱȻ֪Ǹûκθо
˵ʵǿҶ͸˵Ϊ˵˾Ǹ۾ǿߡ
ϷʦԺĶϡЦûз֣ʦԺʲôͬ
ҶүһۺͬʱŶϣشռ䶼ˣĪĳǿ߿ٵĶ츣زɣ
Цҡͷ˴ĳ˿ٳĶ츣أʮ۹ͬٳģ̺ʮµıԴ֮°빦
ȻʮĴۣʦԺǰǿߡ
ҶϸһΧԪԪ̺ıԴ֮ȷʵǳŨУͻ컯ʵ̫ˣˮһ
ҪǵҲУҵٶȿ»ʮү̾


812 Ժ콾
ǿħ֮ٴ֮ûЩȱµĶΪūˡ̾Ǹп
ҶҲЩп츳ȷʵ޷Щȡ
ϻ˵ǲǰߵƾճǰЦ˵ʦܣȥʥء
ˣʦԺĴϣʵ
ҶСѣ߰ɣϷȥʥءЦſҶ塣
ǰʥʲôطҶ岻⡣
Ǳ߱˵ˡһЦȴ·ûж顣
·ϣҶ˽⵽ʦԺʥأԭȱ֮أųµĴУʥһڣʮ㣬⣬δߵʮ㡣
˵ǽʥأҪʥΪ
ڶ㣬ҪʥնΪʥնԴƣһֱʥնǵھŲ㡣һննǵʮ㵽ʮĲ㡣
Ҷ⣬û뵽ŸոսʦԺѣܽʥءҪ֪ʦԺĵӣҲδ˶ʸС
ͻʥǵһԽ
ڶ츳ϿɣһΪԽ֮󣬵ӲܽȥΪÿˣһʥϴĻֻΣеһλҲûС
Ҷʥſǰ㳡ʱʥΧѾˣᣬʵˣϰˣȻȫѾʥš
ϣϣ
ϺͶϣԺĵȫʺá
Ҷؿ˵أΪǽʦܵģӽҶʦԺĵӣϵ֮ɫЦ洫ӣ
еӵĿⶼҶ壬𾪲ѣʦԺֻĴ洫Ӷѣûгֵ洫ӣ벻Ȼֳһ
ؼǣǰȻʦԺĵӣڳĵЩԽˣƾʲôһͶʦԺܳΪ洫ӣ
˭
洫ӣеӵսһδ䣬ܳΪ洫ӣҶʦܣ𣿡һʥնЦ
ûҶʦܣ洫ӿɲôõģһʥն긽͡
ٺ٣Ҷʦܣҽ裬ս
һս˳ȻֱҶսˡ
նʥҶһƼǿ֮ͬе֡
аɣҶʦܣ󺺴ЦüͷųģһѴ󴸣Ҷ塣
ϺͶһˣһɿ⣬عս
䣡
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Զϵڡ
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ʮĵӾȻҲ䣡ٵĭ𾪲ѡ
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ȻһͻȻƾճҶǰķ֣Ǹһ
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ʦֳˣһԺĵӾȵû뵽ʦ־ȻҲ֣ʦ˵Ҫ洫֮λ𣿡
ӣҲʮĵ֮һΪأֻǿ
ҶһЦʦֶָ̣
ٺ٣ָ̲ҵغٺһЦͻȻһϵķ⣬Ҷ壬üͷųһģһѾ޴ޱȵĶңֱӳҶͷȥ
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ǾʱͻȻһ⣬ߵķҲ֮𶯣簵һ಼Ҷ塣
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˴ӵɱ˰УִӰɱȥ֮Ƿģ˸ҫ۵ĹâĿ
˭Ҳ뵽ӵȻ˾ˣҶӵн˵û취׷ӡ
ʦ־᲻ӮʦԺѾҿ϶˭ӮϾҶղչֳʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ƺҶռϷ硣
ûʦֵԸռϷĻԲ˱
ѵʦĲҶĶ֣
ҿδأҲʦֹʾҲ˵
˵֮ʱͻȻһˣˣҲĶ֣
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ٺ٣ҿҲòŸˣ㾡ȫĻҲԲĶ֡ЦЦתȥߵһЩǻ˸ܲκĸо


814 ʥ
ӣҲʮĵ֮һΪأֻǿ
ҶһЦʦֶָ̣
ٺ٣ָ̲ҵغٺһЦͻȻһϵķ⣬Ҷ壬üͷųһģһѾ޴ޱȵĶңֱӳҶͷȥ
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˴ӵɱ˰УִӰɱȥ֮Ƿģ˸ҫ۵ĹâĿ
˭Ҳ뵽ӵȻ˾ˣҶӵн˵û취׷ӡ
ʦ־᲻ӮʦԺѾҿ϶˭ӮϾҶղչֳʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ƺҶռϷ硣
ûʦֵԸռϷĻԲ˱
ѵʦĲҶĶ֣
ҿδأҲʦֹʾҲ˵
˵֮ʱͻȻһˣˣҲĶ֣
һ㶣ʦ־Ȼˡ
ٺ٣ҿҲòŸˣ㾡ȫĻҲԲĶ֡ЦЦתȥߵһЩǻ˸ܲκĸо
صȥûټսҶˣʮĵҲû¶棬ȻĵҲûаܻҶ塣
ʵⲢ֣ʮĵУصʵǰ޷Ҷ壬Ҳûпܡ
ʦԺĵ룬ҪҶ壬ֻĴ洫ӳֲŰõˡ洫ӣҶˡ
Ǻǣ߰ɣھͽʥءһЦҶʥء
ǧү˲ʦԺˣԲûʸʥأֻš

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ŮˣǹūĪ˿̵ĪδָȻǸ˵ӣ޾ף˿ڹūͼ⡣
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һգ㱼䣬ͻȻܵʯ鷢
⡭ҶԾϸš
ģĳʯ洫ˣܸӦҵĴˡ
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԰գߵͻȻɢһҶüġ
ҶʱоԪ֮ǣ۾ǿߣڤ빦ͻڰ˲ס
ҶرԴ֮ԼΨһǷȱıǴ۾Ԫ֮ڣǷȱѾֲˡ
ȻڵԪֻ֮۾߶ѣ㲻ǿպҪԪ֮üŬ
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815 ǰħ½
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һ۵飬κһ˵Ǽġ
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һϵУʯѾǼޣȥɡ
Ҷһ벻ʥȻд۾ǿأʦԺԻΪ֮һ
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һҶ壬˾в²Ҷ徿Ӧ˶ʯ飿
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816 ɷ
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컯˿һ֮⣬߷ߵľ񣬸ߵʣʹرԴ϶ǿɷЦ
һΣǧ޷侲ˣߺرԴ϶ǿֵҩԿ졣
۾߶ҪΪ֮ĶȻҶǸ⣬ΪҪֵҩӵɵ֣ʱأϵرԴ
컯ֻд۾߲лɹϷҵһҲлƳ컯ɷ˵ֻҪʮϵĴʥͬʱ֣Ϸõͼֿƴ󣬱ܰѵҩƳ
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Ȼһ̣ɷȴЦλ˵ÿ˸һöҩԲᷴڵģֻҪǺ͵ҩںϣǲ൱ÿ˶һöҩ𣿡
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˶ʱоԼڵѪҺƺܿƣҪ
ȻĪǽҪڴ˵زɣ
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ҶüͷųģÿĶеۼԪ֮ķĺʹķĽڣͻȻɷ˵Ŀƣ
ɷ˱ϾʦƲ˴ԱҶ˿ӣһ׼۾ʦڲٿشĻҶ޷ĿȨ
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ڿ԰ʥ˰ɣҶһЦ߶󣬷ɷˣķģȫɷӿȥ˲Ͱɷ
ܡ㡭ȻеۼԪ񣡡תɷ˾㤵Ľ
ЩɷĴʥľѣ˾ȻǴ۾ǿߣ
ȷʵҶڵʵѾȫۣ׼ҲѾĶ֣ΪȻԲ

ɷ˵ĲҽӷдѪϱֲע¯С
ʱɷ˱ֻʣ˸ʬ¯ĸͻȻ򿪣һ貶ĿĹâֱƲȥ
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817 
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ͻȻҩȻûͯɢӴܡ
ӵõ𣿡ҶһЦָһţԪɨ˷ͯȫץ˹ҩƿС
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Ҷ忴ڳˣЦ˵Ը߰µĻǶлõЩҩǰǣҪҸоֵðѵҩǣ
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ʥһۣҲʱҶߣһȷʵҪ컯Ҷ屾ʵҲǿҶߣҲûǡ
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δ䣬ҶͻȻ󽣣һħĴʥǡ
ڰ沢ûܣ̧ͷҶ壬һֵϷŮϷûƹɣ
ҶͻȻ֣ͣЦǶ԰ūãūΪʲôҪħ½
ħ½ĴʥˣǶ԰ūѾ΢Ĳ֪ūΪʲôҪ뿪ħ½
ĪΪСӰжʲô뿪ħ½
뵽æҶ˵һΪСӣ뿪ħ½ģ
˭Ҷʵ
Ǵӡ

ϣ㱻ˡ
Ż꣬ҶʵѰūߵģ
̧ͷҶ壬ɫ֪ڰ˰ԼԼúڰԸ
Цһ˵߱õ˿ɲֹң
˭Ҷʵ
ɨڳˣٺЦǵȻҲзݣˣðŵүүķմõ⣡
үүȻǺڰ档
ЩħĴʥĻ㱻ѪСȻҪǡ
˺ڰ֮⣬˶ɱˣҶЦ
ǧ˷׷׳֣չɱħĴʥǵѱ٣Ȼ¶ᣬΪȴûȫָǧ˵Ķ֡


818 ˷
ת˲֮䣬ǧ˱ħĴʥɱһգ˺ڰ֮⡣
Ҷֻɱ꣬ȻаЦúռļ˶ˣ㼴ҵҲѾˣ
ԣҶ御֪뼤ŭԼҲɱⰺȴûеɱ꣬ǿźڰ棬ʵռŮӽʲô֣
⣡ڰش
⣡ҶһȻͰūһ
֮⣬һСŮҲߡڰֵ
ĪҶû뵽СĪȻҲħ½ʺڰ棺ĪΪʲôħ½
ڰĬƬ̲ŰµľҶ壬Ҷɫ˰ѵȢ˳ɱ
Ҷٵ˻ΪȻѻһ޵ϣɻ
ţҶ˳ű«뿪ħ½
ūǾȥʲôطҶôҪҵūʵ̫ˡ
ɲѰһ½ѰˣѶȿ֪
ȻʦԺٿԿ϶ūû£պ˵лҵǡҶʶڵѪ̥ڡ
Ѫ̥ڲǸӤȻѪɫС
ҶЦһ߶֮ʼɣ֮ǰǿ˲֪ٱģԿѪ̥꣡
ʱֻ֮һ˻ߵĽӤױҶһӤҶоԼȫƿѪֻ̥ͷһѣѪ̥ͺȫںһ𣬲ֱ˴ˡ
˵ʵʱǣڵȫԺһոնһĴһս
⻹δѪ̥ȫԵʣѪ̥ȫսԼ侪ˡ

ͬһʱ䣬ȫۼǿĳһƬ֮ʮˡ
ֳˡ
˵аҲˣûɱˡ
аӶˣѵǡ
оųɻ˵ѾˣҪҪȥʦԺһˣʦԺԴǿȴδֹǣ
ɱҲԲܷŹ

ɴҲܷŹ
ħҲҪҪɱʦԺҶɱ
˵һѽƺĵ֡аӶηǰѽ
ʮа˾ž
δǰ£˿ǻɱĺûᣡ
ٺ٣ھͳȥʦԺľԲֹǣ

Ҳ顣
ϢѾˣԴ˴ȥʦԺ˾Բ٣ǿȴҵôˣ룬϶˽ģ
ٺ٣˵ץΪɱȥʱ˵Ѿһʬˡ
ɱֺαضһ٣ȻʦԺ
û϶úõĻʦԺ
ʲôѵ֪˳ɳΣ𣿡
ΣҲԲȥ

壬սˡ˵ĴҲѾǰʦԺ
˴ΣҪô˾͵شҪô˽ǴǼҲҪߣ
ûҲҪ
ս˺˵˸¶ɱ޲ϾܰҶء

һУҶ岢֪˿ѾصʦԺ
ҶոջشʦԺһȺ˵סȥ·Ϊ֮㣬һЦ⣬ЦݺǴ
ʦԺĴ洫֮һףΪѾǴ۾ͨϵϵԴ󡣡ǧҶ壬ϳΪ֮ˡ
Ҷʦܺ÷ɣֲܳΪʦԺĵ洫ӣЦ
ҶһЦ֪ʦʲô£
˵Ҷʦʵˣʦ˵أֻΪ˺ҶʦддѡЦ
ҶҲԿԼʵͻ֮󣬾ܲĴһսЦŵͷӦ˷׵ս
ҶʦܹȻˬˣһЦͷų˷ģһģȼ׵硣
ҶҲͷųԼķģķĺʵûʲôرĵط
ȻȴóҶķļǿĿһһЦ˼
¡
ȳ֣ߵķ籩Ҷ塣
Ҷת̫󣬵ס˷׵ĹƵײʱ쳹
ΧķĻɽٴμҶķĻʸӭȥ
â
ҵײ쳹ڷɱʦԺǷ׷Ŀ
洫֮սʦԺĵ˵档
¡
Ҷͷ֮ķĲײǾκĴһ𣬾һˡ


819 Ժ
׾ͨϵԴϵԴ׺ͻĹǿʹսԶͬߡҶԴҲȫס˷׵Ĺ
¡
ٴμԴ󣬼ġ
Ҷʦܣ֪ڤ빦ڼˣһЦߵķĻһһɱҶ壬Х治ϡ
ҶҲʩչڤ빦Ļӭȥ

Ҷͷ׵Ĳٿ֮£УϽ棬¡¡ڶ
벻Ҷڤ빦Ҳ̶ֳȣѾʦˡ
˵֮ҪʦԺΪڤ빦
֮ʱҶͷ֮ıըʽķ俪ÿĶҫ֮
Ҷͷ׵ʵ£
ȻΪҶֻʹԴԵʣҶȫĻδҶĶ֡ȻҲųлеơ
Ҷ弴󽣵ʱͻȻˡ
һЦʦԺ֣ˣǽȥ
ۣҶһ˵Ѿжϳ˴˵Ϊ
¡
ʦԺķˣһȺӿ˽ͬʱҲҶͷߣŽԺǡ
ս˵ˣ
˵ˣ
Ժˣ
µˣ
ʦԺĵƼˣһ
ĿһЦŶ˵λǶ֪Ϊ£
ٺ٣֣ҲĨˣ˴Ϊˣһ״Ц
Ҷɫ΢䣬ѵЩΪԼģ
ˣ
ʦԺĵɻˣôʦԺ
֣˲һˣоųɿܾˣϣϰߡֱӰɱһɫ
û˵
֣ʱͬСɣ˵вֻ̫һܣҲҪ˶ɱ״
˭ˣʦԺĵĿĹˣѵѾԺ
ʱ״󺺳ҶȥоЦû뵽˾Ȼ
˵ȻͻȻ֣ץ˳ȥԪεĴ֣ץҶ塣
״ս֮һΪǴ۷壬ҶǴ˵Ķ֣ĻᶼУ۾ÿС֮Ĳ඼Ƿǳ޴ġ
¡
ͻȻֵסս档
֪˭ˡ
ΪʲôҪˣʦԺĵǾɡ
ôΪʦԺĵӣԺĵӷǳ⡣
ս濴Ŵϣɫһʲô˼
ϵЦ˵ȻˣҲʦԺĵӣֻҪһ컹ʦԺĵӣ˾Ͳ
ߣսߵ֪ʲô
֣ô죿˵ĳʡ
˵Ļɱ˵
ǲǲϣֻǲðնѣСˣʱ򣬿¾ϳҲԸս˵
Ҷ循ɣ˵ġˡ˭ΪʲôǶԼΪˡˡ
ԣҲҪɱ⽫ʲôʣսٴγֻ֣Ӱһһ̱ͻȻҶߡ
Ȼϱս죬ȻһҶǰסҶ壬ЦŶս˵ֻҪʦԺ˭Ҳܶ
˼ϵ˼սɫһ
Ȼڵ˼˵
ʲô
սĳϽԾҪҶ壬ǻҪú뾿ҪҪֻɱҶ塣
գǻǾڴʱϰҶĨɱˣҹζ࣬ϾҶˣôضһѪȷ硣
֣
ʵĴ۾߼ͬʱֹϣԴΧ˲飬һִޱȵĿռѷ졣
ǿһȴֵסô˵Ĺ
ʱϵʦԺĴ֮һԴƾոܣȻйȫˣι
ʦԺԴҪ۵ģŵסΣ
ս˳ϴͷٴιҲ׷׳֡
ʱʦԺĴ۾ڸսȦЭϵס˸۵һ
һ죬ʦԺ𶯣˶Ĵ۾ǿ߽֣᲻
ǽıС𣿡ĴǶŭˡ
ֻҪʦԺ˭ҲҶ壡һֵǳǿӲ


820 ħ
ʵ˸û뵽ϻǿӲĵʦԺټһֱû¶ĻǸ޷Ҷߡ
֮Уʵ˵ŵһǳ¡
ˣҲʹ˷ֻսЦĪҪǣ
ʵڲʦԺǱƲѵĻҲԲٹ˼ʲôϾˣҪ¡
˵˭ҲܴҶߣϵڡ
ĴǵɫȥʦԺ˰˲Ҷ彻˵ʲôǶˣֻһսѡ
ʦԺ˾֪ܲΪҪάҶ壬ǼȻѾ˵£ʦԺĵӾԲٶ˵仰
ʱձý
ȻʱһͻȻԺ֮ʦԺ֡
ɫ΢䣬˭ˣ
ڰʹ˵˵֮˵֣Ժ˾Ȼĺڰʹ
壬ÿ嶼һʹǴ۾۷壬ǿϡ
ٺ٣ˣߣִһЦ
ʹսɫ΢䣺ѵʹ˲ɣ
µû˿ԺȷʵѾ˺ܶǿߣΪ׵˱ʹ
ǽ˵Ŀɲֹ壡ִԲĻ±ʦԺ֮աʹЦ
Ĳ˽ĻӦ֪ĺʹ˵ǽǺʦԺȥģֻΪˣĪҪǶ֣
սˡ˺;ԺûпΪ˵صĿҲΪҶ壬ܰǳҶ壬ǵȻ֮
ϳĬƬ̺ڿڣôôΪʲô֣
ս˺ǿ߷׷𾪣ĪǷ˲ɣѾ㳲ȻҺĵס
ͬûϵϾȻҼҶ壬ǲһǶЦһǿʦԺȫ
ҪʦԺʱԶǿַ˲ˣħǿգľȻħˡ
ħ˾ȻҲˣʦԺɫأʦԺѾӦˣοħҲˡ
ңһߣս˵ʵˡ
첻Ҷ彻ȥǰЩǾԲ뿪ģʱʦԺضκһ޷ͬʱ˶ǿߡ
˽ɣ򣬽ʦԺħĴĮĿڡ
˽ɣûвҪʦԺᣡ˵
ϡҶ忴ŴϣַѾˣʦԺ
һЦ˵ֻҪʦԺ˭Ҳ㣡
ҶܸжԲʦԺ˳ȥǿڿ˵ҪԸңҵǣҶĳ˾ɱǵˣǵţǺ޲ðҶĳأ
սЦΪˣ
аҲˣΪʲôȥҲɱˣҶ岻ŭЦ
аӣٺ٣ǳɱģԺǿߺٺЦ
˼˺ֻҪлĻ˭׷Źˡ
ôȥˣȴȻڣһȻϴţδϹɴ˿ɼһĿֲ
Ҷаӳȥûκοˡ
ô۾ǿߣлô۷徳ǿߣӣ
Ȼ㲻Ը˽Լֺˣ
ʹȳ֣һս˸ҫ۵Ĺâֳֹ֮նɱҶ壡
ˢˢˢˢˢ
ʹҲ׷׳֣֮ڰ֮֮֮֮׷׼ͬʱնҶ塣
ʹÿʹжоƷ侪ˣѽͬʱ춯أ˿ɵ
һ̣ʦԺţڰǿ֮ͬʱղŤ
壬ųǿ壬ʹǽʼǿߣ֣˲ɱһ۷ߡ
ȻͦΪҶ嵲סһ
˶ˡ
䣡
ϵʦԺĴ󣬴߶һ̫ϸӰĴסй
ߣ̫ܴ߶ΣǼЦ
̫ʦԺǿԴ֮һ߶Ĵۼ󣬼ǴҲܲ


821 
ϵΪǴ۾۷壬ҲԲܶδ߶̫ΪϾڵʦԺʵ̫ˡ
ʦԺĴ󣬿ȱһµģ̺ͨΪе̫ԵԴ߶˲޷ס
ֻʦԺķѣʦԺĹ󣬾ֱܳǡЦ
ϵĻڳзëƴһ˵汳ĻԲ¡ƾʦԺĹ󣬴Ҫɱһ۾ߣԻǳɡ
ж˼ɣ׳֣Ͼ˭Ҳ׳ͷ
ǿǻǳˣ
ˢ
ʹͬʱնɱ˴ϣһǧɽƿնҪʦԺնһ
ϵΧķ̳ϯȥͬʱҲѪȻ߶ķ̫֮ǿˡ
һ죬ӿϵķĻһ֧ɳļֲɢΪ֮㤡

ʸͽײ˺գݣײʵֲ̫ҶʵѾۣײ֮ʱȻЩԲ
ͻȻƺһ³һѪһĻҶ͵һٴ߶Ļض⵽ǿķɡ
ϾԲټ֣ضˡ
ϣ
ʦԺĵӺͳҲΪϵ
ٺ٣˵ֲ˶ãʹЦ
˵ţʹ֣ȻʱʦԺǸдһϵǿҪһ
вʹˣҲֻˡ

ʹڷɫЩأɴ˿ɼ
ʵ̫ԶʹҪԶʵɲ⣬ʹ˼ɵ֡
ڿɲʹħǿҲڣΣ
֣ҾͲĻСӣ
ʹЦͬʱʥ
𾪵ǣڵûг֣ʦԺĴתĴ˷ƾշɳ۳һ޴ޱȵķУѽȫ̵ˡ
˾㤡
ҶҲ𾪲ѣʲôҲûΪܴ߶ʦԺĴ
ͻȻħ𾪵㡭ѵѾʦԺںˣ
ʦԺںϣ˽Ծ
ڣȻˣֻЦ߰ɣճ塢ħʼ֣˭ҲҶ壡
ɫѿѾʦԺںϣôѾڲ֮ء˵ʼ棬ħʼ֣˭Ҳ޷ǿдҶ塣
ȻʦԺںϵȱǣԶҲ޷뿪ʦԺ
ô죿ʹʹ
ѾʦԺںϣҲĶ֣ڰʹ
ټħأʹ˵
ֻҪʦԺħˣҲĶ֡ʹ˵Ҫ°Ҷߣʼ֡
ѵǾô˻ȥɣʹǳʡ
ʹʦԺ֮⣬ҶһֱʦԺһǱ֮Ĩɱ
ʹ˵㣬ʼǾԲ׳ֵģֻ취
ħƺҲһѾãҪʦԺء
սˡ˺;ԺˣҲûߵĴ㣬ΣҲܿ˻ȥֻԿ˱ɱǲŻᰲġ
ߣ
ߣħ塢塢Ҳ׷˳ʦԺ
ʦԺĵ˿ôǿߣûѹǼٵġ
ͻȻʦԺĳɫǻ棡
ڶħ塢⼸򡭡ƺˣ
סǣ
ԺӴ󾪡
ǲסǣҶȥһʦԺĵͻȻɫĿҶ壬ҶĻԺҲֵС
ԺĵҲĿⲻƵĿҶ壬ַΧһγɣܶԺĵӶҶ뿪ԺϾԺΪһ˶ٵ
ҶȻҲܵ˲ƵĿ⡣
ʱЦŶҶ˵⣬ǲûʲô⡣
ҶЦˣЩ˵飬ϾԼǷ׷ǹʣǷΪԼΣ֮С
ŰɣϷҪܵȶáЦ


822 ʮ
塢ħ塢塢ԼˣһֱԺأתۼȥ졣
ڼ䣬Ҷһֱ棬ǳһ֣ѧʶԨҶ⣬ܻشҶ壬Ҷéٿ
˵ȻҶֻ˶̶̵죬ѧĶԵֵϱʮϰĿޡ
֪ΪαΪһ壿Ȼʵ
Ҷһ£ҡҡͷ֪
𡢹ڰǿĪ壡˵ˣֻҪлʥ۷徳һܳΪۣ
ҶȻ⻹˵ã˵ͻ۾ʱһҲûУ
壬֮ԱΪ壬Ϊ䶮òٿ֮ӵеĵ֣֣˵ԣĴʥôͻ۾ûκϡ
Ҷ嵹ÿµһ塣
µˣӵ֣ͬ£ֻҪԲߣͻƴʥûκơ˵
֣Ҷ建˵
˵ûµȷʵ֡˵ӵֵˣԲٿ֮ԣܺ׵ҵԼߣʥڣǵ֮·ᳩͨ裬ϷǵãĦֻ˾Ÿʱӳʥͻ˴ʥ۷塣
ĦᣡҶ循ɣĪµĳܲɣ
Ħµķɡƺܿ͸Ҷʲô
򣬲ÿǿ嶼е֡˵ɼӵй֣
Ҷһϸ룬ȷʵûе֣֮⣬ħƺҲûУӵеֵˣƺֻ塣
˵඼ĺᣬֻ˼̳˱Ƚǿֵ֣ʵǱϻࡣ˵
Ҷ𾪣ȫ߸֪
ĺᣬӵеֺʮ֣ںܾ֮ǰֻƿص˵
Ҷ̲סʵ𣿡
Ҳ֪û񡭡Ц˵˺ʵûʲôֱһ˽ϲŭ֡
Ҷ˵Խ۾𣿡
ɡ
ǰѵҲûп۾𣿡Ҷ̲סʵ
Цҡͷ˵ңʼ棬ҲûгѣȻǴ۾
Ҷ岻⣬룬ȻǴ۷壬ΪʲôôʹҲǴ۷壬ȴȫĶ֡
Σƺֿ͸Ҷ˼Ц˵Ӧ֪ڴ۾˭յرԴԽ࣬˭ʵԽǿ
Ҷͷʲôԭˡ
һıϾǳһЩԲѹһ˵ʼͲһˣҶʦԺҲǵĶ֡
Ҷһʼôǿ𣿡
ʼ棬ħʼ棬ҲĴʼ棬ʮˣˣǳʱ˯໥֮ԼͲˡ̾
ѵûܿǵ𣿡Ҷ忴
ҺĦǿɡЦ
ҶȻʮʼ澿жǿȻûĺǿ⡣
ֻҪʮ˲ֵĻǰȫġ˵ʮĳֵĻһߣʱܱܲס͵ÿԼˣ
лǰҶ巢ĵл֣˿Ѿˡ

˿̣ȻĵԺ֮⡣
ּǿ˵˵Ǽ죬Ǽ꣬ʮ꣬Ҳǵָ֮ѡ
ȻǿȻϳˣ뵢Ƭ̡
ֹ˼졣
ڼ䣬塢ħ塢岻ǿ߸ϵʦԺѾΧˮйͨ
Ҳ˲ˡ
ԺڵƼˣľսЩֹ
ʱһǿնˣǧɴ̨ϡ
Ƽˣһ˾ȻµķɣĦۣ
ϼһȻҲˣʲôڰʹɫһ˽֪ĦĦְʦԺĻЩˡ
ǰʼ˭Ħ֮У
ͬʱԺڵҲ֪ĦˣЦŶҶ˵Գȥˡ
Ҷ岻⣬ת磬˷⣬ǧɴ
ӷƶɮи飬֤ҶʩˡĦۺʮ˫֣ɨˡ


823 ʼ
Ħ۵Ļ˽Ծ֤Ҷ岻
µ³أܼҶʩǲˣʱҶʩˣλ֣ƶɮҲ֡Ħ˵
³أ
ɫһ䣬Ķ³صĻϵĻƶϳҶ徿ǲˡ
³أɮ̺ż侪˵֮һҶУ֮׷ݵܾ֮ǰҶǰ˭ʱˡ
ʵԼֻɱˣǼȻĦ۳ˣܶ˵ʲôϾĦѾ棬ҲΪʦԺ
һǿӲȥƱػʹһ

£׷ݵԴͷĻϵĳ̶ȣ˿ʦԺ;Ժ
УϵǾԺʦԺԼ£
λ½һշϣշɲգԶԶȥи̫շһ
ɽ˵ıΪ¸󡱣³֮أ
Ħ۴Ҷ¸¸֮⡣
³ҪĦƣԣĦҲ¸С
¸⣬ս˵ҶǸ˵ת֮¸رգӡǵĻͿ԰ȫ߳
£Ǿܿˡ˵ǿ˵
ϣǡԺĳ̾

Ҷ¸ʱĳǿУʹȫȻƺڵȴ˭
ǿշһɫ֣ɫĹâиӰò
Ƽϵˣʹȫ񣺡ӭʼ棡
ϵˣȻǹʼ棡
һѱô꣬Ҳʱˣʼ滺ڡ
ʼ棬һѾǧ꣬Ϊʲôڲų־ڰʹ⡣
ԭһĥĥӣԶ˴£ֻҪĦỹ£ҪȳͲǼ׵£ǸôĴۡʼ˵ڣĦѾ¸Բ;Ǿ˵ĺûᣡ
ʹȻһӣ츳ˣݹʷҳ֮Ҳʮˣˣر𽾿񣬵ͻ۷ʱȻȥսĦۡ
һӱĦѹе֮£һǧꡣ
Ħ᲻ڣ˸סǣȥɡʼ˵
ʹͬʱʧٳֵʱѾ֮⡣
ս˵ǿ߼ǣûие֣ϾҲɱˣǸϡ档
һ̣˷ȫˣֻʹһֱʥͬʱֱ
һ壬֮£
ãҪȹӣڷӦ
¡
Ҳ׷׳֡
ʹʵ̫ˣ˲߽˵ĹȻǽ˵Ľȥ

նϣصһȦȦâ
ĵ۱ʹԾ
ֶ޷նϵĵ۱ʵ̫ˡ
ˡ
һȦȦɫĻϯɱʹ
ߣǸ۱ѣҲҳף
ڰʹߣڰ֮ĵ۱ٴλӽ
ͬʱʹҲ׷ʹȫһ
죡
һͷųĽɫâٴ˹ϣι𶯵ĸ
ͬʱһЦӹ·лλʹ
˵ˣһ֮⣬ˡ
Щȷʵı˲٣ʹһۣǧǰӾԲ˵Ļ
ͻȻΧƾճĸɮÿɮǴ۾ͬʱһ飬˹֮ϡ
ʱͻȻһٴȵѹס˹ӡ
ĸϺУµĴʵڷɡ
ʦ˵˱ѹſɷųȥ˿űѹǧ꣬λʩֺαؾȥ˵±
δȫ˽⣬λߣʵڲףʮ
ͺ¿ϻ࣡
ڰʹȣɱȥ
¡¡
ʱĴĴ۾ǿߣʹս
սʱ¸֮ڣҶһɫ磬һߴ£һ
ôôߣҶ岻⡣


824 
µ³أءصˣǰֳֻһ⣡
ĦĳҶ壬ҶȴĦᡣ
ʼħʼ֮⣬ֻ޷ֳǰĻر㲻ֳĦػûзӦĻ
Ҷ岢֪һУäĿ¸֮ڣܿ죬ͷֵ淺ˮ档
ˣĦᶢҶµˮ档
ȻĦ𾪵·ˣҶµˮֻʧˣ
ûУĦ͵һ𣺡棡
Ҷ֪ѾǰδеΣУ¸Ĵ߶š
ӷ𡭡Ħŷţ߳ɲǼҶǰ
ʦҶ̧ͷĦᡣ
֪ڣ޷ֳ֣Ħʵ
Ҷ΢ʲô£
ֻħ塢壬Լ棬޷ֳĦ˵㲢ħ֮ˣôֻ棡
ҶȻ
ȻĻƶɮ㲻ȥĦͻȻ֣һָҶ壬ָ˸
ΪҪɱҶʵ̫ˣ
Ҷ˲޷ֻĦֹԼ
ˢ
ͻȻҶü˸Ž⣬ƥƵĦָ

ĦָһȻӲס˴󽣵ĹĦȻס˴󽣵ĹδˣȴҲ˼
󽣱Ħ֮һתҶߵֱնȻͷųһסҶ壬Ҷ˿ռѷС
ĦһҲѷС

磬ʹǿ߼սͻȻ˺ѿһ˳ȥһңԶʣ
˽ԾͬʱʧԶĽ⡣
ʱĦҲӿռѷзɳ׷ȥ˵棡˵䣬ĦѾʧԶǿС
棡
ڳ˽Ծ棬ʼ桢ʼ桢ħʼ˵ͬһʱģس֮ʱʵǿ
˵񡢷ħˣ嶼Σ˵ö֮
Ħһ˵Ҷ棬ԭڽֵȫ֣ͣ׷ȥ˵Ҫǻɱ档
ǿС
ͷųĽҶ壬ǰ㴩ǿУٶȼ졣
УҶ嵽˿̶ɲѣû뵽ԼȻŵڣ
Ī棿ҶԼҲҿ϶ǼȻĦᶼѾˣӦòд
һˣѾ˺ˣο棿
󽣡Ҷ忴Ŵ󽣣ڻ㲻ףΪʲô˿µȻĦҲܱˡ
Ŵ󽣣ԽԽԼ棬޷ʹΪʲô˿µ
¡
ͻȻǰһɫֱ˼ٷɳ۵Ľ֮ϣѽɢ¶ڴϵҶ塣
һ֮ͬʱϽ˸һֵӰǹʼ棡
ˡʼ滺ڡ
Ҷ̧ͷŹʼ棬ɫأ͸˵ʵȴо˿ܱĦỹҪֲ
ʵˣֻʮʼ棡
ּ֪ǿߣһ㱻Ϊ񡱡
Ħǿȴֻǿһ񿹺ѣǻİ֮
ּǿߣҶΪ
Ѿǵ㾿ʧ˶ˡʼЦǵĻҲĶ֣ϧڵʵСĿ棬ɱ㣬練ƣ
ҶĬû˵
ô꣬û뵽ȻתˣҺܺ棬㾿ΪʲôҪѡתˣĪѾ˱תָܻĵز𣿡ʹЦ
Ҷоɣǰ˵Ķ
Ϊʲô˵Īļ仹ûȫָ𣿡ʼЦȻ˵ĻǾһˣ
δ䣬Ѿ֣һ磬罣ƵҶ塣
ˣ
ͻȻɳӭȥ

󽣾Ȼס˹ʼĹײ֮ǿ˺ѣռֽһ
ٺ٣ӦɣʼЦѾʹǰͬˣȴϵóһҲֻ
Ҷȴ֪ʼûоȫʼ澡ȫĻδܵסʼ档
ұļ䣬ĻҵʵѰʼ˵Ҫȫˡ


825 ս
ʼȫ˸һɿµƴɢƯҶǰĴ󽣸оϢ˲
һ彣ѣҲڱǰʼЦ
ڹʼҪֵʱһЦ֪Ӻδģ
죬ҶѹʼȻҲˡ
һתһҶ屳Ҷ壬ٴýסҶ壬նգҶС
̽һֻɫƬצץ˹ȥȴʼ浲סˣʼЦߣڣ
޷ߣ廹ˣдЦ
ĪǾû𣿡ʼЦ

ĳǿУ󽣴Ҷ˳
û׷Ҷ岢ûиӦʼϢ
ΪʲôߣҶ岻⡣
ܲģ
ͻȻ˺ѣһ˹â۳ɵĳǹɳҶ壡
壡Ҷɫ䣬δ֣󽣱ն˳ǹһ˳ǹ
ͻȻҶĹǿߴӿռѷ߳ǸŻƽ׵Ĵ󺺣ǹʹ
ţʹҲ˺ճҶǰ
˺ԥĳҶ壬Ǵ˿̵ĹȻʼ棬ǿѾ޼
һȻסǵĹţļ٣ֱնɱ˹ʹʹԴ󽣵ʱ򣬶Ǵ󽣵Ķ֡
ͻȻ̱ɹն˹ʹ֮ϣѹʹŻˡ
ͬʱҶҲûţʹȫԴ֮ԳѾ˵Ĺʹ
ʹʱ֮ųѪ֮ˡ
ÿ۾ߣھ̺رԴ˿ҶɵıǹʹرԴ
һжڵʯ֮䣬ʹһæֹҶ塣Ȼǵóѣ󽣼ûǧʹնɱȥ
󽣵סʹʱ򣬹ʹһùֵ֮ס֮ͻ֮ͬʱҶ壬նɱҶ塣
ҶȭֵԪ۳ɵľȴʼıȫ顣
ʹΪǿҶ̫ˣҶǹʼĶ֣ۿҶҪʹشһԶ˹ʹۣ
ʹʹĽһ
ҶŹûᣬȫ߶֮ѹʹͷ­ʹͷ­Ǳһ֮ɵĿȫǡ
ţ֮˹ʹڣŹʹڵرԴЩԴ֮ȫתҶ壬ʹҶš
ҶܰѹʹˣʵضһΡ
Ȼʹȴ֮İΧ˳
ʱʹֳҶʹɱ˹һͷųסҶ壬ҶǿУʧ
ʹĴѰңȴӦҶϢ
ʵֲ̫ʹ𾪲ѡ
˵彣浱꾿ǿʲôزȻ彣Ѳ
ųĹǣס֡
һߵĻԺҪҵǾˡ
棬˵޾Ҫãã޼ʵǿҵһˣʵ̫̫ѡ
Ȼû뵽£ʹͻȻ⣬ѹʹ˶ವһʹŽʧ
ʹ󾪣

סĹʹ˿Ѿ󽣴Ŷߵǧ￪⡣
ʹһ뽣ĿƱߣΪ֪ԼǴ󽣵Ķ֣ǴͻȻ󣬻ɾ޽նɱ˹ʹ
ʹ֪Ѿû취ˣֻȫ֣չ˼ս
գʹشˣҶٴγûͷų֮ɹʹıԴ֮
ʱ֮ڴ󽣺Ҷ֮£ʹıԴ֮Ѿ˴롣ֹ˼ʱն¹ʹͷ­ʱҶѹʹıԴ֮ȫ̵ˡ
һ۾ǿߣȻɵˣֻʣһ߲ʬ
Ҷ岢ȫչʹıԴ֮ʵѾѾԺնϹĴۿ⡣
ಣ
Ҷɳۣǿɳ۶ȥ
˭ҪɱҪñɱ׼ɲ⡣
ҶߣʹеˣƼʹʬ壬ȻһĲš
ôܡȻСϣʹԽܡ
ϾʹѾվ۷ĴڣֻҪʼ֣ܻ䡣


826 Ե
Ҷ˹ʹıԴ֮ɳۣ˺ܾòͣһ֮ϣչʹıԴ֮
ΧԪ𶯲ֹǺХһϯ
ʹıԴ֮񱩣ҶѾɵ֣ȻѡͻȻ󽣷ɵҶͷͷų⣬ҶڣȻҶ
ҶչʹԴʱȴһ粨
սˡˡ¡ԺʦԺ֮⣬˶׷ɱƼҶ壬ɱۣ
ħҲ׷ɱȴЩͬǵץסҶ壬ȻҶǡ
һʱ䣬˶ѰҶ壬ͬʱ򸽽ҲܵϧһдҵҶ壬Ȼɱۡ
һУҶ岢֪˿ڱԴ֮֮С
һ֮ҶѾ˹ؼʱ̣ѾѹʹıԴ֮꣬˿̵ʵֻѾնϹĴۡ
Ǿʱڵ򸽽˲ˡ
ǿıԴϾʲô£
Īʲôɣ󷲱رԴ緢
ߣȥƣ
˶һ򣬾ͿһرԴˡ
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˾ڸʲô
Щ𾪣ǵУΪǿҲǳʥѣ˿ֲĳ棿
ĪʲôԴɣ
ˣ
˵Ϊɲ⣬ѾǴ۾Ҳ˵ǰս˼۾ǿߣ
ô죿ھ𣿡
ٵȵȣ
Ψһһʥǿߴˣǿ˵òǲЩ죿
˶Ҷ壬ȷʵϤĸо
ͻȻ͵һ⡭ǡ
Ҷ壡Ǹʥǿһֵ
˾㤣ҶʹΧߣһɱ˹ʹѾɱʹˣҪǲĻܵĻҲûС
ϴ󡭡ҡǿӰɣѾƵˡ
Ǹʥ͵ҧ˵ܰҶϢȥǾͷˣ
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ͻȻסˣʱ˭Ҳ޷
ҶΧıԴ֮ͻȻȫûҶڣҶͷųһɾ˵ϢֱӰǰЩˣֻһڡ
ҪɱңǸ˾㤡
ʲô𣿡ҶЦˡ
Ǹ͵ĵͷ˶㣬㻹ǸϿ뿪ɣ
뿪ҶЦ뿪ҲΣգȻˣһ򣬶ɱҵˣɱңͻʵԴȪ
Ǹ˾㤲ѣ˾Ȼ˵
Ҳɱ㣬԰ҵٸµˡҶ߳򣬴һûüġ
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ͬʱҶǿ֮⡣
ɱˣұȥֻ򣡡Ҷ¶ɱ
һ֮Ҷ׷ɱˣ۾ǿߣħˡ
Ҷȫ֣δô󽣣ֱƾ豾µʵˣôնɱһˣϧһ˳ûˡ
Ҷҵ˱ضϻȥ׷ɱԼûͣЮűնɱ۵ʬ壬ǿжȥ
ߵͬʱҶͷų֮ٴοʼɱ˵ıԴ֮ûߺߣƵ
ֻҪ㹻رԴɣرԴ̺ıǴ۾ߡ
߶ߣŻԸ䵥Ĵ۾ǿߣ˹֮Ҳҵжÿÿкü۾ǿ
ҶҲ֮ûͣ뿪򣬸ֻ
뿪ϢջǱ֪ˣǸʵҲ뿪򣬿ʼ׷׷ˣǴ۾ǿߣÿ˶߰˸ʮ
ѲĶ֣ǧҪж˶ԸµˣⱻҶɱ
ٶȷ˼˵ձ˵ԣǱץסҲҪԼıԴϡץסȼԼıԴʼ涼Ը


827 ع
Ҷֻʱĳշ˳һ˾ȻǵҶʥ۽̫һˣޣ
֮⣬в̫һˣм˾ȻǴ۾Ϊ
̫һ壬ǽ塢ħ塢壬ʵǿ
׷ɱˣ㵱ʥ۽𣿡һĴ۾ǿޡ
޵˵ͷԲд
û뵽Ȼת֮˵̫֮ʱڵǿ֮һʼ桢ħʼ棬Լʼ棬˵ʵҲȫ
̫֮ʱʵǿķĪһ˵ֻǲ֪ΪʲôͻȻʧˣ˶ȴһֱûҵ
ļӦδָҲôĿŵ׷ɱ˵
˵ͻƴ֮İ취˭ץס棬˭ͻƴ۾Ϊ񣡡̫һĴǸĶˡ
ֹֹ֪˵ģΪͻƴ۾ջʵ̫ˣǽζ

ֻ
Ҷֻˣֻǰһûκα仯
޼½ҶͷųʶɨֻʵҪ˲ֻ֪ʵ̫ˡ
Ȼֻûκ˷Ҷ壬Ҷ忴˴ʥǣ˺ǣںȾơ
ߣħ˶ˣֻħˣħߡ
ħ˱Ǹ˾ˣҲ֪ʲôطţħü
Ǹ˺ǿ˵Ȼİħ˾ߣҲġ
ߣˣǣϰҲᱻȽ֮ءħЦ
ԣҶǳжû뵽뿪֮󣬺ǾȻΪԼô¡
ʶֻش½ɨ˹ȥҶֿҶҲڵİΣ
޼½ʲôطҶڣֻش½Ƽһ½½Ȼ޼½
ವһҶʧһ޼½Ͽգ޼½Ƽ˾ԺʦԺ޼½˶ŬС
޼½ıԴѾûȱʧ߲ܵƣΪͻƵ컯֮ϡ
ҶƼ޼½ϣкܶߵΪѾͻƵȻ߻ûУҲǴˡ
߹ȴܵ˾ԺʦԺԼǲҶ޼½֡
ڣʥʥѾѣҪڿԼ֧޼½ǵʵڻָС
º͹ȻҲѾص˾ԺµΪȻѾԲ
֮޼½죬ֻ˵ֻһ
Ҷ̽޼½֣ҶھȻѾᵽʥ򣬳Ϊͷ֮һӴҶڵӵĽ̸ҶҵڴҶڲûֻиǱǿˬ
˿̵ĿˬΪԲ
֮⣬Ҷ廹޺۹ӡħӡӵȫڴҶڣΪ˴ҶڵһӣǵΪҲѾ
ڷյ˼ǧӺ١
ವһҶ峯ŴҶڷȥ
ҶҶڵʱ򣬴ҶŴȡ
Եˣȫֻؾߣ˭ӱ˭ܳΪҶڵ洫ӡڴҶڣ洫ӵ֮ʮˣˣЩμӱԵĵӶǳ
˴αԵίȻĽĽΪȻѾ컯ԲδͻĽҲѾˡ
¡¡
̨ϵײڶֻؾԲڽ֣ǳҡ
ڱĹ㳡ϷȻиʯˣʯ˾ȻҶ壡
еҶƼһУЦҡͷ⾿˭ģȻԼĵ
μ洫ѡε˻㲻ϯϣһҶڵĳЦŵͷ
ƨĽû˵ǷӱǻԶأ
ҶڵĳǲЦڴҶڣҲֻĽƺλû¶ˡ
ȥʲôطһ̲סʵԴҶ֮󣬾ûмֻ˵ȥˡ
ĽĬƬ̣ͻȻȥʲô£
еҶЦá
ǸڨڨһЦĽʲô
ͻȻҶЦˬɸҳһսף¡¡
ߣһȻˣĽߣȷ˳ȥ˽󣬱Ҳͣ


828 
Ҷ֮һȺˣΪǸĿĴ󺺣ͷĵ̣ǳĿӴ˵ϢϿ˵ΪӦԲ
׺ôˣĽЦ
Ϊβ׺ЦĪǿˬҳ𣿡
ƨĽЦܴ㣬ֻ㣬ˣΪֹѾܴˣĪ㻹βɣ
һǿˬ׺ЦȻ׺Ļѡ񲻳
Ľ˵ˬЦ󷽴ȻսĻҾһսˡ
ˬͬ˻гͿء
ˬڿϳˣ׺촽׹ִĵΧת
Ȼ׺֣׵ˬ
ˬͷųʱΧԪúޱȣһӭ׵ȫסˡ
׺ЦϵԴɱˬ׵
ˬٿ׵һͻȻ׹ͻȻ𣬸˺ˬ
˼ս׺ϵԴĲٿѾ¯࣬ϵԴͿ£ǿˬӵѾˡ
ת˲֮䣬ѾУˬѹס׺ʱ׺Ʒһ׵Ĵ󴸡
͵˿ˬˬ˴󴸵һȭ˴֮ϡ˵һ󴸱ˬò
ս
ˬʼûм
ߣǿܴĵһˣĽߡ
ٺ٣ĵʥ͵ģɲʹáЦˬĵ̫ǿʹõĻ׺ɱߡ
ЩĽܴ󣡡еҶ
Ȼˬ׺ּսغϣտˬش׺׺˻ȺУѪ
һĻ˵ĸأˬڡ
ߣ׺һҧԼȥ
磬ΪʲôҪߣЦ˲֪ôĻֺαϣ
ݲ£ǵᳬԽңˬЦ
ٺһЦҲԣ
ɱ׺Ϊ»ֹˡ
ҶͻȻƾճ˿ˬǰ
ܣ
磡
Ϳˬһ˼ҶĻԶϳҶ壬Ȼˣಡ
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𾪣۾ߣȻһѣҲδֲ̫˰ɣ
ģôǿ߲֡ҶЦ
лĻһҪȥ򿴿ĽЦ
ҶЦݣɫȻ˵ڲȥ򣡡
Ȼ
Ҷ׷ɱ¸˿ˬˡ
ҶĻ޲𾪡
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ͷ
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Ҷûи˽ͣӰһʧӰ١
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ҵʥ֮ȡʥ۽ӡˣʱͱˡ
ʥ۽磬ؾ
Ҷƾճ˴ԱߣдѾҵҪĶˡ
Ҷͷʥȡ˳
һסʥͬʱҶ˵ֻҪȻյؾʹʥؾһҾɱˣ
˵䣬Ѿʼʥ
ҶԱߵţֻҪǰɹɱܱס޼½ˣʱ򣬼׷ˣҲԷ뿪
ܸоһɱɹʵֻ²ʹ
ʱ󣬴ǧУؾʹʥؾؾĴڽ
ֹ˼ʱʥ۽綼ָƽ
ҶǰĴͻȻ˱仯СȻһˣƤ͵ģͷһɡ
˵ϢǿĦ۱ҲѾ޼
ٺ٣ڵĸоáЦ
һ¡Ҷ˵
Цʲô£㾡˵ˡ
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ҶһЦôѵ㲻ҴӦң
˺ǺһЦãҴӦ㣡
ھͶ֣ٲĻ˵Ͼͻ׷ˡҶ˵


829 ʼ
˵Ҷ޼½޼½֮Ҷʥˣʥ֪ԣû˿ԥĴӦҶ塣
˰޼½ȫʥ۽磬һͨԺʦԺҶڵ޼½ĴɿͨҪȥͬС
޼½˲֪ʲô£Ȼºʥйأ½ϵǲỳʲôģʥ޼½ϵܸߡ
޼½ҶȻΪʥ˽ԼʼչأɱЩ۾֮õرԴ
ҪЩرԴʥͼʥͼƷʣ

ͬʱǿĪūͼһʯϣɳǿУΧʱǿ޹ȴĪǱȫˣٿ
˿̵ĪѾȫ͵ĪһˣĮ־塣ǿ˵ʱָֻƽ
͹ūƺѾϰΪԲûиоȻߺ¡
쵽ˡĪԶǿա
ĪǾҪȥʲôطʲôū̲סʵ
ҲĿĪҲĪˡ
Ҳ֪ĪãȻ˵ֻֻ֪ҪҵǸطҾͻ֪Ҹ֪Ķ
ūͼԽ֣Ǹطʲôط
ȻĪ̧ͷǿգЦ˭
ǰǿУ֪δЦǰӦһϢӦñǴϷİɣ벻ħǼһ֮⣬ǿߣ㾿˭
˭Īʵ
ʼ棡ǰǿеЦſڡ
͹ū֪ʼ˭ǵıûʲô仯ǲ֪ʼ棬һ֣
ħʼʼ棬Լʼ棬ԲʼĶ֡
ĪûлشʼĻΪԼҲ֪Լ˭
򣬳壬Լħ塢塢֮⣬κ˶ܳΪ񡭡ʵȻѾԽ˴۾ʼ˵
ūͼ󾪣ٲ֪ʼ˭Ҳܲµʼͷǳֻ֮ôǰ˱һˣͷС
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Īǰǰ治ԶҪȥĵطˡ


830 Ŵ˵
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Īǿеȥūͼһۣȥ
˴һ츣أ츣ɾһ羰ɽУûñɽп˾Ŷ޴ޱȵĻ䣡
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ĪĿŶ仨˹ȥūͼסĪȴŲϼ⵲סˡ
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ŵϢҶ̾ԼʵҲĨɱˡ
ףԼˣΪʲô棿ѵԼ֮ǰǰ棿


831 
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ͬʱĿˬ˿һĻҲľѣҶʵѾǿ󼰵ĵز


832 ͬŽ̸
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833 ǿе
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834 峤
Ҷ岢ûмΪƾԼܰ׻峤һζɲǿߡ
׻峤ǳ֣ΪʲôҶ岻֪ҶѾѵĥʯ

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뵽˹֮أ


835 ħ峤
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֮صرԴŨ񣬼Ҷֱ֮ǿ˲٣رԴٶȼ졣
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˵䣬Ŵʥȥħǿ߽
ʥǣɫأ˳ңħǿǣţħȴʥҲ׷׷˳ٴС
ǰطʲô£˵Ϊħ֮еһͷѪ죬Ѫħ峤
Ѫħ峤ߵˣֱħ峤;ħ峤
ĿתЦ˵ǰˣƺںʲô˽֡
˭ʲôطѪħ峤ʵ
ҡҡͷΪܷ
Ѫħ峤ЦЦתͷžħ峤˵ҾãӦҼʣ
ħ峤ЦŵͷϷԸߵһ۾ȥ˹
۾߹ͷȥܿʹˣ˾ȻǴ۹ذȣԼǳĳ
ǰƬ򾿾ʲô£ħ峤俪ڡ
˱磬Ծħ峤˵ûпĻǰЩֵֽˡӦҶ壡
ɱ
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˵ͻȻЦһͷϣҽеĻᶼûб㱻Ĺҳ࣬
ذȴʧɫæ㵽ħ

ħ峤ȣһȭ˺磡
ӭȥȭͷ͹ཻ֮󣬹ܵһϷ飬ȫ˻ҽ
ħ峤ȭͷƲ磬֮ûκѡȻħ峤ȭʵ̫죬գ۾ͳ嵽˺֮ǰ
ǰҪȭһͻȻ˺Ѻǰգ˳һ˾ħ峤ȭͷϡ
žһȻûϣֵס˾ħ峤ֲ֮һȭ
ħ˶һǶû뵽ֻȻǱȼǿߡ
ֻǰŤ˳ǰ
ħ峤Ц˭
Ц˵Ϸ˭˵Ҳ֪˵Ҳա
ħ峤Цղһȭûȫٽһȭ˵Ѿ֣һȭˡ
˱˳ȥÿһ֣䣬ӲͬĽǶȴħ峤
ħ峤ֻܻȭԼȭͷײʯײһһ𻨷ɽ
ʯ֮䣬ѾٴΡ
Ѫħ峤ħ峤δ֣ǲмֶԸˡ
һ﾿˭𣿡Ѫħ峤ͻȻħ峤
ħ峤ˡ
û˿ȷʵΪȱӦе
û뵽ֵطˡѪħ峤촽˻ְֻӣҲҶʲôŶԡ
ûֻڱҶСӡħ峤˵Ҫ֪СӾʲôطֻҪֻӾˡ
Ѫħ峤ͷҺˣеǰ취˵Ҷ䣡
˵ͻȻʧ˺ǰ
ܺ츳ˣѾն˵ڶʱϾȽ϶̣ЩϹĶ֡
Ѫħ峤ǰѪһ˺硣
缱ˣ
Ѫħ峤ǺаЦͥŲ磬Ϸˣһ
䣡
ͬʱԶ˺;ħ峤ǿԴ֮˺ѣ֧顣


836 ʼ
ħ峤൱˭Ҳκβ˭
˱ħ峤סˣﲻ˺硣
Ѫħ峤ڲϷˣ磬ΧѪ۳һѪߣ˺ڣʱ޷
˵ʲôطѪħ峤Ц
һû˵
Ѫħ峤аЦ˵ģ
ٿѪߣڣ϶ʱ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ţħŭǸ֣Ѫħ峤ͷϷͻȻ˺ѣһѰɾ޽ɳѪħ峤

Ѫħ峤ͫһæԴΧѪ۳˿ߣǵص
ޱȣѪɫ˿ȫնϣնѪħ峤
ΣͷѪħ峤һҧһŹͨѪ죬ɢļµĿϢѪħ峤湭ΧԪ̻۹۳һ֧Ѫɫʸ
ಣ
ѪɫʸƿײһֻһѪɫʸѪ⣬Ҳڵס
ʱһ˲֪ʱվ˰೤ϣˣҶ壡˿̵Ҷ壬˹֮صıԴ֮ʵ˲٣ʼȣ໹̫ࡣ
ȻԸħ峤Ѿ´ˡ
ֻͻȻҶŵ·ɳٴնɱ˾ħ峤
ħ峤æԴֵ
ͬʱҶͷų֮֮һ˾ħ峤ħ峤ӦϾȥԸҶ壬ؼʱ̣ħ峤ˡ
ħ峤Ȼͷųһǿռ֮У֮ĴնءħͨıǶԿռ֮ãռ֮һԴֻ̺һֱԴȴ侪ˡ
Ƽ֮նҶЦٴͷų֮ε֮࣬ӿȣƺƵӵк£ħ峤
ƿصǹ𣿡ħ峤ͫһ𾪡
ѹ֮ħ峤˱֮ܿ⣬û취ֻħ峤ΧĿռŤ۵γһķϡ
¡
֮ڿռϣռϲϱɣħ峤ûˡ
ħ峤˵Զɲǣռȫ֮ˣʲôҲûʣ¡
ͬʱѪħ峤شһն˸첲Ѫɢǿա
ħ峤ں˽ֵľħ峤⣬ǳǱ
ħ۱ȴ֮裬޷ս
˿̣ħ峤ȫ˱ʱпܻҶϡ
ߣ
Ѫħ峤ҧħ峤˵˿ٲߵĻûлˡ
ȻҶ׷ǣۿǼߣҶһץסħ峤նȥŸֶʱγɣѹ
ҶΪֹǿһ
ħ峤ͬʱԴֵħ죬۳ɶܡ

ǿҵײʹ˺ѣؼصײþûɢȥ
һħ峤ǰĶƣħ峤ͬʱѪҶһѾҪԽ۾ļޡ
ۿħ峤Ϳֵס¡һ죬ħħ峤ӿħ̽һֻħƵĴ֣ץ˾Ÿ֣ħ峤
ʼ棡
ħ峤ϲ
ҶɫأŹڵħȥһߵӰħֲ֣֮Ϣ粨һ˼޷Ϣ
һֹֻ̣򣬾ǿҲоϢȻ
ħʼˣ
ֻǾħʼѣǾħʼһˣԺɨڳˡ
£ʼ漶ǿ߿ʵ̫ˡ
Ѿƿˣܳ㣬سɻ
ħʼĴִħ̽յץҶ塣
Ҷȫ߶ֽٴʩչ
Ÿɫɰ֮۶ɣÿֶޱȣѹǿա
ڵ͵̫
ħʼһھŸɫϣɫֻ֧Ƭ̱ˡţħʼĴٴγҶץ˹ȥ
ҶʱУֻǰԼûκη֮
ǣûбħʼһͻȻˣֻһֻץ˺̽ħʼĴײһ
ǡʼ棡ҶһͻȻֵˣضĴʼ֮һʼ棡
𣡽˵ϣħʼȡ
ǺǣͲˡ
һ˺գǰʵ̫಻ϵɽ̾ǿС
ҶɻʼΪʲôҪ־Լ֮ǰʼɱԼʱʼҲֹ


837 
ߣħʼߣҵҪôߣ
ħħʼӹӿħ߳Ŀ࣬ħƣ˸ߴϰɡ
䣡
ħʼ֣ɽѹҶ塣
ʼҲ֣֮̽צס˾ħʼĹͬʱ˦޴βžħʼ͵ĳ˹ȥ
ħʼûкˣ̧ץסβ޴˼ץʼβ͡
ֻħʼħڣһѺɫ޸Уֳ־޸ʼβ͡
еľ޸ǾħһܲȴҲѾ¡
ۿ޸£ʼһ⣬˾޸һħʼֱһ𣬲ûס޸
ᣬʼβͳ˳Ǿ޴βͣҶ˹ȥ
ĿģҶ壡
Ҷ֪ʼ治ɱҲԼʼϣۼβҶնβ

βϣײʱҶֱӱɣ˺Զټʼ沢ɱҶ壬Ҷ޷סһ
ߣɣʼˣҲûлˡ
𣿡ҶЦʼ
㣬ΪʲôҪ֣ʼ˵ʱѾˣ
ħʼЦȻĻֺαس־˵޸صĻӸҶ塣
һ춯أֻ𶯣ƺʱһ
Ҷ֪Լȫ֣Ҳ޷סħʼȫһ
ħʼ棬˵ʼ浱ǿģȫһǿȣѾԽʼ档
ʼͻȻһˣƾճҶǰһƾճУס˾޸
޸ڶ֮󣬻ɽĿĹ⻪ϯֻ򡣿Ƽڶƺ;޸ײĵطѾ顣
ʼ浲סħʼɲǣҶѪһѪߴѪ߳ߵϢȻ˿ھħʼ棬ȻҲһʼ档
Ҷ岢֪ͻȻֵˣʵѪħʼ棡
Ѫħʼ˲ҶߣǺЦ㲻üϣıԴϷɣ
ϵѪǣͬѪڣҶ塣
ҶЦͷų֮֮ȻֵסѪħʼͷųѪ
֮Ƿǳ£ڱϾûлָʵѪħʼЦȫ߶ѪҶ塣
Ҷ御Ѿȫ߶֮ȻԵֵ
ʱΧգȻƾոֳ˻棬Щ漫£ȻѰΧסҶѪˡ
УһŻɫ۵߻߳һߡ
ͻȻֵˣʼ֮һȸʼ棡
ȸʼոճ֣Ѫħ߱ƾճһˣаˡ
ħȸ濴źˡ
˾Ȼħʼ֮һħʼ棡
ٺ٣û뵽ϼһȻȫˡ
ȸʼߣȻͻȻƾճһˣǸĿĹͷĴʼ֮һʼ棡
⻹û꣬ϣһʼ棬׻ʼҲˡ
׻ʼѪɫսף信ɱˡ
Щȫһγɵѹֱϯ˸ǧ˾㤡
ǣû뵽ҶȻôǿߡ
¡
׻ʼһֱ֣ӼĽһħʼѪħʼ棡
ߣ
ħʼЦɱ˹ȥ

ͬʱʼȭѪħʼ棬ʼҲ
ȸʼתҶ壬Цߣˣ㼴ҲѾˡ
ҶЦ˾Ҳûʲôģ׸ߡ
ҵˡȸʼ治ٷϻץҶ壬ա
ٺ٣ȸߣʹ𣿡
һâԶǿ˹âɢȥʼȻ֣֮ϣâ䣬˸
ȸʼЦҪߣ㻹ֹˣ
ٺ٣Ҳ̫߿ԼˣʼٺЦЦʯһҶײȥ
ȸʼ汳һԻһ˹ȥǡõ˹ʼǰһ˻ìƾճУһì˹ʼ档
ʼһץ֮۳ɽӭŻìն˹ȥ

͹â֯һ𣬳
˵Ľ־춯أ֮սನֻ


838 䣿
ڹʼȸʼ潻ֵɲǣҶ崫ˣǽʥ۽磡
أ˴
Ҷδü˵ǿֳһɢźâòҲ֪ӦǺڰʼ档
߲ˣ
ڰʼ浲סҶȥ·һץڰ֮ʱ۳Ҷ塣
ʱҶ屻Ĵȴƻ˺
գڰʼͺһ
Ҷ廹޷ӺӳĻ˿϶ᱻиݡ
ΣͷҶ͵ҧ֮֮Դͬʱǿһ
˺һҶڰѺһ˳ȥ
ٺ٣ת֮ڰʼ׷ȥ
Ĵħʼȫ֣ͣҲ׷׸ȥ
Ҷ御ƾٶԶͨ۷徳ǿߣǺʼ漶ǿ߱ŲСĲ࣬ܿʼ׷
䡭
Ĵʼ֮⣬ʼȫԴҶ塣
Ĵʼ漱æְҶ廯⣬ǻ޷Ҷ廯ȫĹҶʱ񱩵Χ֪
ãನɢȥʱǿгһ֪ĺڶҶȴѾӰ
𣿡ħʼЩ׾նɱת
ӦѾˣϾѾǵסֹ֡Ѫħʼ˵
˵ûڵʵ޷뵱Ტۣħʼ˵һǼһҲδܵסοûлָʵ
ĴʼɫѿҶ˵ʧģ
ٺ٣ıѾǵļƻҲÿʼˣڰʼЦʼͬʱƾʧ
ţħʼҲ뿪ֻ
Ĵʼһͬ뿪ˡ
˺ͺҲԸҶ䣬ʵȷʵˣκ˶ںڰʼ˵Χ֮
ĳǿУ̫һ˱͵ˣǵôʼ漶ǿߵʱȫû¶棬Ҷ屻ɱʲôҲûʣ¡
ϧˡһ̫һ̾ܵõıԴ̫һضǿ֮УԺ塢塢ħ


ʼһصԵڣһ侪˵
ɱɱ飡
ɱ֮ɱȥĶȫܷŹ
ɱ
ħȫ
ħˡѪħ峤Ҳ̳ʼɱ顣
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ĴӵҲࡣ
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࣬׵壬⵽˴ɱ
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塢塢ħѪϴϢ̴
ûֵˣȫ½ֻܱǣ
塢ħ˲û׷½ĴѰһҵԼ˱ʹɱ֣顣
̶̼չ鶼Ѿϡ
Ȼûж½˶֣ǵĴɱ˹ȥɱһӣǿֻŵõѪζ
½
սˡˡʦԺԺ£ƽ볤ǣ˿ԿĶԲߡ
壬Ѿɱ˽֮һս˳Ϸһ
Ǳ뷴
ûٲĻ嶼ʧ
ǲû֣ĻԸеκһ嶼ʤ㣡
û
ûУ뿪½֮˭ܵסЩʼ棿
˳Ĭˡ
½ʦԺԽʦԺʼ漶ǿһսĦҲԽصʼ漶һս
뿪Ļ˭Ҳʼ漶ǿߵĶ֡
ΪʲôͻȻǳ֣˲ʵ
һЩɻǰ塢ħΪλͻȻ嶯֣Ҫء
Ħۻڣ֪֮ڵıԴȥʲôط𣿡
һ۾߻ش𣺡Ȼǻعء
˵жԣҲвԡĦ˵ʵ֮ڵıԴ֮ǻ˵򣬻ĳѾ˱ԴĴ½
Ҳ˵ߴ½ߵıԴһʵ
Ħ۵ͷħ֮Ҫɱ飬ʵΪǽڵĴ½Ҳ½ֵձԴ֮


839 
ȵ½ıԴʱ塢ħ塢ʼ½֣½ıԴĦ˵ǵˣҲѺһˣ
֪ˣ޲Ȼ
Ħ˵û֮⣬Ҳ⵽ɱ
컯ϵߣȫɱˣڵıԴҲع鵽ڵ
巢ĴսΪģɱ¾ϡΪ˵ֵĽɱ֣κʵ̫ǿȻڽڰˡ
ֻ
ɱˣʼʱ˲ûֵĴ㣬Ǻֻ˲ʶƾԼ޷ֵסǣֻ֡
ʥǣߴʥֻش½ĵȵȣȫ֡
ȫ컯ϵߣиʥߣͷˣ۾ǿߣһǺڰʹ
˵ԸֻЩսѾ㹻ˡ֮ԻɺڰʹȫΪˡ
ʼʱҲȷʵ룬ֻش½ȷʵһǺֵֻʱ鷳
Щ鷳ֹԴֻŽԴںˡ
˵ʵȺڰʹڰʹκβˡһĴ۾ǿߣҲȫκβ˺磬ˡ
ʥҶۺʥ˵סˡȻһʱòֻ
岻òԮһϴ
һֻϺͺɱǺǿǶԷҲκβ˶Էȫơ
գȫ˻ֻش½˿ٳ˿ռͨȻֻش½ϵ˽ʥ۽磬ߣ뿪ֻ
幥ֻȴֻɱֻ֮һ顣
ңһҪҵǣڰʹȣ׷ߵˡ

ֻǱȽ˵ģ籱ޱȻ׼ۣҲȫֵסˣǵĵˣ
ֻ˲ʱ䣬Ͱޱͱȫɱˡ
塢ħĴȳһ鶼ɱˡͬʱ塢ħ塢ʼ˱ɱ̵˱Դ
ֻЩ컯߶ûСѡ
ʮ죡
ֻʮ죬鼸ˣǿУûκ
塢ħʼȫ׼½
ǿȫ½ܣӰ顣
Ħ۵ǿѾֲ˷½
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ħʼȳֹ𶯡
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ħʼѪħʼҲˣʼͬʱ󣬵ǾȻ޷ƿ
ٺ٣Ҫǰһѣ
ʼ޸ͬʱʼҲ̳֡
֣
ħʼʼҲųˡ
ʮʼ漶ǿ֣߳ǿķҲֵܵס¡һ죬ˡ
һʮʼȳ½
Ȼʮʼǣ½ϾȻһӰҲûУ˶ʧˡ
Ѿˣʮʼɫѿ
ǲ˿ôܵģ
ѾʦԺΪһܲˣ
ʮʼȫʦԺȥ
ȻʦԺʱȴ־ȻҲˡ
ܣħʼɫ΢䡣
ʼ濴ԭڵ֣ڣûʦԺںϣ
ʦԺںϣܵʦԺʼ治⡣
ʦܲܵʦԺԴ󣿡ʼ淴ʡ
ʼ涼ƺ뵽ʲô
ΪԲͻƴ۾۷壡ʼһֵԼʦԺںϣܲٿʦԺĴֻ˵ΪʼΪʵһġ
ã½ıԴʼ󾪡
ˡ½ıԴѾȡˣɱ飬ͷȴʼ治ŭЦһصĺ
½ıԴռıԴĴ󲿷֣Ҫÿʼ涼ռΪУȴû뵽ھȻ˽ȵˡ
ôӵΪϳǺ֮⣬ܻкһΪˡѪħʼ治⡣
ǴˡǰҾͷһŮӣΪҲ¡ʼ˵
ԣʼ涼һ


840 ԭʼ汾Դ
ǸŮ˭ʼ涼ʼ档
ʼҡҡҲ֪Īݡ
½ıԴѾߣҪıԴԶԶٺ٣ҲʱոˣǸŮľ˭ҲܲôˡħʼٺٹЦͻȻתƿշߡ
ûոʱ䵽ˣ˵Ļˡ
ʮʼҲ뿪½
½֮⡣
ħʼħȫӭȻû뵽ǣħʼȻſ죬Ť籩һħ˶
ۡʥߣߣ컯ߣһ⣬ȫħʼˡ
ǴʧɫѪħ;ħ˸Ѿ״
ʲôˣħʼΪʲôҪԼ֣ж롣
ʱѪħʼ;ħʼҲ̳֣Ҳʼ̳ԼˣһЩ˱ߣκʼ漶ǿߵʵʵ̫ǿǸûκߵĻᣬҲȫ̳ˡ
Ҳе˲ǿԼʼ棬ʼп̰
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ɢӴܡ
ٺ٣Ǹģոǵ쾭壡
׻ʼͻȻ仯ǧɾ޻ſһ׻һȫ
ͬʱʼҲ׷׳֣̳Ե˸Եˡ
ʼҲ̳֣̳Լˡ
ţʮʼָԷԼأʼ̳ˣûΪҲǺĳԵˡ
ɱ¾ûã塢ħǾȫ̳ˡ
򳹵ûں鶼ˡ
ʮʼ׷ѡ˱չء
һ֮
ʼ˳ɫǲУЩԴ֮ǲԭʼ汾Դɳ
˵ƣƯһˮ壬мСɢŨıԴ֮ɱԴ֮бԴ֮ϣǵ֮ߡ
еĶ˵ԭʼ汾Դ
˵ͬ˲ֹʮʼҲ׷ֹͣչأ˵ͬĻǾȻû˶ԭʼ汾Դ
֮Ҫɱ飬ҪձԴƺΪԭʼ汾Դɳ
ʱѾˡ
ʼͻȻңԶǿգٺ٣ǿлвڰ壬ǵıԴ๻ˡ
ͻȻƾʧ
ͬʱʮʼҲ뿪˸֮أȥطɱЩڰˡ
̫һء
ʼƿؿռϣС
̫һڣռٲȻѾǸС硣
ಡ
̫һĴ۾ǿȫ˳
ǽ塢ħĴ壬̫һĴ۾Ȼʮи۷徳ǿߡ
ʼ棡Ƽʼ棬̫һ޲㤣⼸ɱǶ֪˿ʼĪΪɱ̫һ壿
һȱһЩԴʼ촽
ߣ̫һĴ֪ʼĶ֣ߡ
ȻʼûߵĻᣬһߴֲһ̫һϡ
̫һ˶ʱ޷ͬʱǵıԴϱ߳ߣת֮Ǿȫ˸ʬ
̳˱Դ֮ʼüͷǲ
ٴȥڰǿ塣
ʮʼͬյıԴʵȥιԭʼ汾Դˡ
µɱ¾ٴοʼɱ¾ڰǿȫʼ˳ɱˡ
Ȼʼû뵽ǣѾɱô飬еԭʼ汾Դȴûзκɱɳ
ǲ
ʮʼ澡֪ԴȴѾҲԴա
ǿʼѰ䣬ֻҵǲܵõȡߵıԴҲ̳ԵıԴ
ȻʮʼҲټ
ʼֹͣѰټҵħʼ棬Ȼħʼˡ
̲סˣħʼЦʹռ֮У֮Կ
ıԴҵĻҵԭʼ汾ԴܳɳˡʼЦ
ıԴңҵԭʼ汾ԴҲԳɳħʼЦ
ֵĲֹʼȻҲ໥Էеԭʼ汾Դ
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ĪԻ䵲סһȻħʼħʼֹˣٴҧ⣬һαԴ֮ѪѪλѪɫ޽նɱʼ档
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845 ԭʼ֮
ҶĪ뿪֮󣬲ûмȥҹūͼ⣬Ͼôʼ׷٣ȥҹū˵ĻֻΣա
ȥԭʼ֮أĪͻȻڡ
ԭʼ֮أҶɻĿĪδ˵ԭʼ֮ء
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ڰʼͷٺЦûĶĻҪҵǻ治Ǽ׵¡
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ɱƽԭʼԴĪڡ
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Ҷ𾪣ĪȻ汾Դ
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Ҷͫһ


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